cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
D5.1 Guide for preparation administration and management of European project for UPJS staff
Creators: name: Rindošová, Simona
name: Jureková, Nikola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: guide for preparation administration
project management
financial management
open access

description: Leader/Coordinator of the project CasProt – Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice (UPJŠ) formulated the following Guide for preparation administration and management of European project for UPJŠ staff divided to several chapters such as introduction/purpose of the guideline, principles of the preparation and submission of the project application and principles of the project implementation.
Exercise interventions addressing falls efficacy in community-dwelling older adults: A scoping review
Creators: name: Soh, Leng Hsien Shawn
name: Hao, Hannathon Tang Jia
name: Teng, Hazel Ting Xu
name: Ho, Jiaying
name: Boonsinsukh, Rumpa
name: Kum, Callista
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2024

description: Falls efficacy refers to the perceived ability to prevent and manage falls. Exercise interventions could alter various fall-related self-efficacy, such as balance confidence, balance recovery confidence, safe landing confidence and fall recovery confidence, through various modes of influence, including enactive mastery experience, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion, and physiological and affective states. This scoping review identified that most exercise interventions were mainly focused on addressing balance confidence in indoor settings. More research is required on exercise interventions addressing other domains of falls efficacy, including balance recovery confidence, safe-landing confidence, and fall recovery confidence, and making self-efficacy modes of influence explicit.
On infinite-dimensional limit of the Steinberg representations
Creators: name: Neretin, Yury A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C33, 22E66

description: We present a construction of the Steinberg representation admitting an automatic pass to an infinite-dimensional limit.
description: 5p
Relationship between Functional Profile of HIV-1 Specific CD8 T Cells and Epitope Variability with the Selection of Escape Mutants in Acute HIV-1 Infection
Creators: name: Gay, Cynthia
name: Roederer, Mario
name: Ferrari, Guido
name: Liu, Michael K. P.
name: Turnbull, Emma L.
name: Betts, Michael R.
name: Weinhold, Kent J.
name: Self, Steve
name: Williams, Ian
name: Tomaras, Georgia D.
name: Watson, Sydeaka
name: Borrow, Persephone
name: Haynes, Barton F.
name: McMichael, Andrew J.
name: McGhee, Kara
name: Salazar-Gonzalez, Jesus F.
name: Korber, Bette
name: Gray, Clive M.
name: Goonetilleke, Nilu
name: Pellegrino, Pierre
name: Hawkins, Natalie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: In the present study, we analyzed the functional profile of CD8+ T-cell responses directed against autologous transmitted/founder HIV-1 isolates during acute and early infection, and examined whether multifunctionality is required for selection of virus escape mutations. Seven anti-retroviral therapy-naïve subjects were studied in detail between 1 and 87 weeks following onset of symptoms of acute HIV-1 infection. Synthetic peptides representing the autologous transmitted/founder HIV-1 sequences were used in multiparameter flow cytometry assays to determine the functionality of HIV-1-specific CD8+ T memory cells. In all seven patients, the earliest T cell responses were predominantly oligofunctional, although the relative contribution of multifunctional cell responses increased significantly with time from infection. Interestingly, only the magnitude of the total and not of the poly-functional T-cell responses was significantly associated with the selection of escape mutants. However, the high contribution of MIP-1β-producing CD8+ T-cells to the total response suggests that mechanisms not limited to cytotoxicity could be exerting immune pressure during acute infection. Lastly, we show that epitope entropy, reflecting the capacity of the epitope to tolerate mutational change and defined as the diversity of epitope sequences at the population level, was also correlated with rate of emergence of escape mutants.
Parallel generator of $q$-valued pseudorandom sequences based on arithmetic polynomials
Creators: name: Finko, Oleg
name: Samoylenko, Dmitriy
name: Dichenko, Sergey
name: Eliseev, Nikolay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94A55, 68W10, 03B50, 11A07, 11B50, 94A60

description: A new method for parallel generation of $q$-valued pseudorandom sequence based on the presentation of systems generating logical formulae by means of arithmetic polynomials is proposed. Fragment consisting of $k$-elements of $q$-valued pseudorandom sequence may be obtained by means of single calculation of a single recursion numerical formula. It is mentioned that the method of the "arithmetization" of generation may be used and further developed in order to protect the encryption gears from cryptographic onset, resulting in the initiating of mass hardware failures. The achieved results may be widely applied to the realization of perspective high-performance cryptographic facilities for information protection.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
The aerodynamic interaction between inverted multi-element wings & rotating wheels in ground effect - A comprehensive investigation
Creators: name: Patel, Dipesh
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other engineering not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis demonstrates the research conducted to investigate the aerodynamic interaction between an inverted wing of varying spans in ground effect and a rotating wheel in a straight-line, a cornering and a fixed yaw condition. Experimental methods such as Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and force-balance measurements were performed to validate the data obtained from Detached Eddy Simulations (DES) that formed the basis of the numerical simulations. During the validation, whilst the flow predictions by the DES k-ω SST and the DES Spalart-Allmaras (S-A) models correlated well with the experimental data for the wing geometry, only the flow prediction from the DES k-ω SST model correlated well for the wheel geometry, and significantly outperformed the DES S-A model. After the analysis of the wing and wheel geometries in an isolated configuration, placing the two com- ponents together in the straight-line condition revealed a highly complex interaction that was strongly dependent on the wingspan. In all cases, the wing experienced a downforce and drag reduction relative to the isolated configuration, with the wing that fully overlapped the wheel experiencing the largest loss of 35% and 43%, respectively, due to the high pressure on the front face of the wheel impinging onto its surfaces. The modifications to the wheel’s wake topology were ascribed to the introduction of the wing’s endplate vortices and the wing-induced upwash and crossflows, particularly the interaction of these flow features with the wheel’s upper vortices. The cornering condition led to little change to the wing’s downforce, whilst the drag increased by approximately 10% relative to the straight-line condition. The wake, however, was noticeably modified immediately behind the wheel, with two factors being responsible for this: the freestream crossflow over the wheel that influenced the strength and positioning of the upper wheel vortices, and the changes to the strengths and paths of the endplate vortices. Together with the trajectory of the freestream flow, the wake’s downstream evolution was notably different from a topological and a positional perspective. The fixed yaw condition was derived from the cornering condition to investigate the validity of ap- proximating the effects of cornering in a wind tunnel environment. It was found that the wing generated very similar downforce and drag levels to the cornering condition, although topological and positional differences in the wheel wake occurred. These were due to the difference in the crossflow over the wheels that led to the different strengths and positioning of the upper wheel vortices, together with the differences in the strengths of the endplate vortices and the trajectory of the freestream flow.
MPEC 2023-F231 : 2023 FZ10
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 FZ10

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Implicit Association Tests: Stimuli Validation from Participant Responses
Creators: name: Hogenboom, Sally A.M.
name: Schulz, Katrin
name: van Maanen, Leendert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Implicit Association Test
IAT
Validation
Stimuli

description: The Implicit Association Test (IAT, Greenwald et al., 1998) is a popular instrument for measuring attitudes and (stereotypical) biases. Greenwald et al. (2021) proposed a concrete method for validating IAT stimuli: appropriate stimuli should be familiar and easy to classify – translating to rapid (response times < 800 ms) and accurate (error < 10%) participant responses. We conducted three analyses to explore the theoretical and practical utility of these proposed validation criteria. We first applied the proposed validation criteria to the data of 15 IATs that were available via Project Implicit. A bootstrap approach with 10,000 'experiments' of 100 participants showed that 5.85 % of stimuli were reliably valid (i.e., we are more than 95% confident that a stimulus will also be valid in a new sample of 18-25 year old US participants). Most stimuli (78.44%) could not be reliably validated, indicating a less than 5% certainty in the outcome of stimulus (in)validity for a new sample of participants. We then explored how stimulus validity differs across IATs. Results show that only some stimuli are consistently (in)valid. Most stimuli show between-IAT variances which indicate that stimulus validity differs across IAT contexts. In the final analysis, we explored the effect of stimulus type (images; nouns; names; adjectives) on stimulus validity. Stimulus type was a significant predictor of stimulus validity. Although images attain the highest stimulus validity, raw data shows large differences within stimulus types. Together the results indicate a need for revised validation criteria. We finish with practical recommendations for stimulus selection and (post-hoc) stimulus validation.
Phobos CPN 679
Creators: name: Burmeister, Steffi
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: Phobos
subject: Control Point Network

description: The ASCII file contains a Control Point Network (CPN) of Phobos, consisting of 679 points in metric 3D coordinates (m) and the computed uncertainty of each coordinate. The CPN was used to create the figures of Phobos in chapter 5 of my dissertation "Determining Rotational Elements of Planetary Bodies - Method and Implementation of an Inertial Frame Bundle Block Adjustment".
title: 500 Jahre Reformation in Jena 1524 - 2024
Creators: name: Multimediazentrum
name: Kaufmann, Thomas
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Reformation
subject: Jena
subject: Andreas Karlstadt
subject: 230
subject: 943

description: Anlässlich zur öffentlichen wissenschaftlichen Tagung "Das Wort läuft : 500 Jahre Reformation in Jena 1524 - 2024" Festvortrag: Prof. Dr. Thomas Kaufmann (Göttingen): Die Bedeutung Karlstadts für die Reformation Musik: KMD Martin Meier
A P-loop Mutation in Gα Subunits Prevents Transition to the Active State: Implications for G-protein Signaling in Fungal Pathogenesis
Creators: name: Bosch, Dustin E.
name: Willard, Francis S.
name: Siderovski, David P.
name: Naqvi, Naweed I.
name: Ramanujam, Ravikrishna
name: Kimple, Adam J.
name: Willard, Melinda D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Heterotrimeric G-proteins are molecular switches integral to a panoply of different physiological responses that many organisms make to environmental cues. The switch from inactive to active Gαβγ heterotrimer relies on nucleotide cycling by the Gα subunit: exchange of GTP for GDP activates Gα, whereas its intrinsic enzymatic activity catalyzes GTP hydrolysis to GDP and inorganic phosphate, thereby reverting Gα to its inactive state. In several genetic studies of filamentous fungi, such as the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, a G42R mutation in the phosphate-binding loop of Gα subunits is assumed to be GTPase-deficient and thus constitutively active. Here, we demonstrate that Gα(G42R) mutants are not GTPase deficient, but rather incapable of achieving the activated conformation. Two crystal structure models suggest that Arg-42 prevents a typical switch region conformational change upon Gαi1(G42R) binding to GDP·AlF4− or GTP, but rotameric flexibility at this locus allows for unperturbed GTP hydrolysis. Gα(G42R) mutants do not engage the active state-selective peptide KB-1753 nor RGS domains with high affinity, but instead favor interaction with Gβγ and GoLoco motifs in any nucleotide state. The corresponding Gαq(G48R) mutant is not constitutively active in cells and responds poorly to aluminum tetrafluoride activation. Comparative analyses of M. oryzae strains harboring either G42R or GTPase-deficient Q/L mutations in the Gα subunits MagA or MagB illustrate functional differences in environmental cue processing and intracellular signaling outcomes between these two Gα mutants, thus demonstrating the in vivo functional divergence of G42R and activating G-protein mutants.
Polarization measurements analysis I. Impact of the full covariance matrix on polarization fraction and angle measurements
Creators: name: Montier, L.
name: Plaszczynski, S.
name: Levrier, F.
name: Tristram, M.
name: Alina, D.
name: Ristorcelli, I.
name: Bernard, J. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the forthcoming release of high precision polarization measurements, such as from the Planck satellite, the metrology of polarization needs to improve. In particular, it is crucial to take into account full knowledge of the noise properties when estimating polarization fraction and angle, which suffer from well-known biases. While strong simplifying assumptions have usually been made in polarization analysis, we present a method for including the full covariance matrix of the Stokes parameters in estimates for the distributions of the polarization fraction and angle. We thereby quantify the impact of the noise properties on the biases in the observational quantities. We derive analytical expressions for the pdf of these quantities, taking into account the full complexity of the covariance matrix, including the Stokes I intensity components. We perform simulations to explore the impact of the noise properties on the statistical variance and bias of the polarization fraction and angle. We show that for low variations of the effective ellipticity between the Q and U components around the symmetrical case the covariance matrix may be simplified as is usually done, with negligible impact on the bias. For S/N on intensity lower than 10 the uncertainty on the total intensity is shown to drastically increase the uncertainty of the polarization fraction but not the relative bias, while a 10\% correlation between the intensity and the polarized components does not significantly affect the bias of the polarization fraction. We compare estimates of the uncertainties affecting polarization measurements, addressing limitations of estimates of the S/N, and we show how to build conservative confidence intervals for polarization fraction and angle simultaneously. This study is the first of a set of papers dedicated to the analysis of polarization measurements.
Vesta CPN 82806
Creators: name: Burmeister, Steffi
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: Vesta CPN Dawn
subject: Control Point Network

description: The ASCII file contains a Control Point Network (CPN) of Vesta, consisting of 82806 points in metric 3D coordinates (m) and the forward intersection error of each coordinate. The CPN was used to create the figures of Vesta in chapter 5 of my dissertation "Determining rotational elements of planetary bodies - Method and implementation of an inertial frame bundle block adjustment"
Central Nervous System Compartmentalization of HIV-1 Subtype C Variants Early and Late in Infection in Young Children
Creators: name: Van Rie, Annelies
name: Schnell, Gretja
name: Jabara, Cassandra B.
name: Mallewa, Macpherson
name: Swanstrom, Ronald
name: Joseph, Sarah B.
name: Heyderman, Robert S.
name: Sturdevant, Christa Buckheit
name: Dow, Anna
name: Takamune, Nobutoki
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: HIV-1 subtype B replication in the CNS can occur in CD4+ T cells or macrophages/microglia in adults. However, little is known about CNS infection in children or the ability of subtype C HIV-1 to evolve macrophage-tropic variants. In this study, we examined HIV-1 variants in ART-naïve children aged three years or younger to determine viral genotypes and phenotypes associated with HIV-1 subtype C pediatric CNS infection. We examined HIV-1 subtype C populations in blood and CSF of 43 Malawian children with neurodevelopmental delay or acute neurological symptoms. Using single genome amplification (SGA) and phylogenetic analysis of the full-length env gene, we defined four states: equilibrated virus in blood and CSF (n = 20, 47%), intermediate compartmentalization (n = 11, 25%), and two distinct types of compartmentalized CSF virus (n = 12, 28%). Older age and a higher CSF/blood viral load ratio were associated with compartmentalization, consistent with independent replication in the CNS. Cell tropism was assessed using pseudotyped reporter viruses to enter a cell line on which CD4 and CCR5 receptor expression can be differentially induced. In a subset of compartmentalized cases (n = 2, 17%), the CNS virus was able to infect cells with low CD4 surface expression, a hallmark of macrophage-tropic viruses, and intermediate compartmentalization early was associated with an intermediate CD4 entry phenotype. Transmission of multiple variants was observed for 5 children; in several cases, one variant was sequestered within the CNS, consistent with early stochastic colonization of the CNS by virus. Thus we hypothesize two pathways to compartmentalization: early stochastic sequestration in the CNS of one of multiple variants transmitted from mother to child, and emergence of compartmentalized variants later in infection, on average at age 13.5 months, and becoming fully apparent in the CSF by age 18 months. Overall, compartmentalized viral replication in the CNS occurred in half of children by year three.
Leptophilic Dark Matter and AMS-02 Cosmic-ray Positron Flux
Creators: name: Cao, Qing-Hong
name: Chen, Chuan-Ren
name: Gong, Ti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the measurement of positron flux published recently by AMS-02 collaboration, we show how the leptophilic dark matter fits the observation. We obtain the percentages of different products of dark matter annihilation that can best describe the flux of high energy positrons observed by AMS. We show that dark matter annihilates predominantly into $ττ$ pair, while both $ee$ and $μμ$ final states should be less than $20\%$. When gauge boson final states are included, the best branching ratio of needed $ττ$ mode reduces.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Epstein-Barr Virus LMP2A Reduces Hyperactivation Induced by LMP1 to Restore Normal B Cell Phenotype in Transgenic Mice
Creators: name: Raab-Traub, Nancy
name: Longnecker, Richard
name: Vrazo, Alexandra C.
name: Chauchard, Maria
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latently infects most of the human population and is strongly associated with lymphoproliferative disorders. EBV encodes several latency proteins affecting B cell proliferation and survival, including latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A) and the EBV oncoprotein LMP1. LMP1 and LMP2A signaling mimics CD40 and BCR signaling, respectively, and has been proposed to alter B cell functions including the ability of latently-infected B cells to access and transit the germinal center. In addition, several studies suggested a role for LMP2A modulation of LMP1 signaling in cell lines by alteration of TRAFs, signaling molecules used by LMP1. In this study, we investigated whether LMP1 and LMP2A co-expression in a transgenic mouse model alters B cell maturation and the response to antigen, and whether LMP2A modulates LMP1 function. Naïve LMP1/2A mice had similar lymphocyte populations and antibody production by flow cytometry and ELISA compared to controls. In the response to antigen, LMP2A expression in LMP1/2A animals rescued the impairment in germinal center generation promoted by LMP1. LMP1/2A animals produced high-affinity, class-switched antibody and plasma cells at levels similar to controls. In vitro, LMP1 upregulated activation markers and promoted B cell hyperproliferation, and co-expression of LMP2A restored a wild-type phenotype. By RT-PCR and immunoblot, LMP1 B cells demonstrated TRAF2 levels four-fold higher than non-transgenic controls, and co-expression of LMP2A restored TRAF2 levels to wild-type levels. No difference in TRAF3 levels was detected. While modulation of other TRAF family members remains to be assessed, normalization of the LMP1-induced B cell phenotype through LMP2A modulation of TRAF2 may be a pathway by which LMP2A controls B cell function. These findings identify an advance in the understanding of how Epstein-Barr virus can access the germinal center in vivo, a site critical for both the genesis of immunological memory and of virus-associated tumors.
MPEC 2023-F232 : 2023 FA11
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 FA11

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Highly Parallel HEVC Decoding for Heterogeneous Systems with CPU and GPU - Research Data
Creators: name: Wang, Biao
name: Felix De Souza, Diego
name: Alvarez-Mesa, Mauricio
name: Chi, Chi Ching
name: Juurlink, Ben
name: Ilic, Aleksandar
name: Nuno Roma, Nuno
name: Sousa, Leonel
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik
subject: HEVC Decoding
subject: GPUs

description: The High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard provides a higher compression efficiency than other video coding standards but at the cost of an increased computational load, which makes hard to achieve real-time encoding/decoding for ultra high-resolution and high-quality video sequences. Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) are known to provide massive processing capability for highly parallel and regular computing kernels, but not all HEVC decoding procedures are suited for GPU execution. Furthermore, if HEVC decoding is accelerated by GPUs, energy efficiency is another concern for heterogeneous CPU+GPU decoding. In this paper, a highly parallel HEVC decoder for heterogeneous CPU+GPU system is proposed. It exploits available parallelism in HEVC decoding on the CPU, GPU, and between the CPU and GPU devices simultaneously. On top of that, different workload balancing schemes can be selected according to the devoted CPU and GPU computing resources. Furthermore, an energy optimized solution is proposed by tuning GPU clock rates. Results show that the proposed decoder achieves better performance than the state-of-the-art CPU decoder, and the best performance among the workload balancing schemes depends on the available CPU and GPU computing resources. In particular, with an NVIDIA Titan X Maxwell GPU and an Intel Xeon E5-2699v3 CPU, the proposed decoder delivers 167 frames per second (fps) for Ultra HD 4K videos, when four CPU cores are used. Compared to the state-of-the-art CPU decoder using four CPU cores, the proposed decoder gains a speedup factor of 2.2×. When decoding performance is bounded by the CPU, a system wise energy reduction up to 36% is achieved by using fixed (and lower) GPU clocks, compared to the default dynamic clock settings on the GPU.
HCMV Targets the Metabolic Stress Response through Activation of AMPK Whose Activity Is Important for Viral Replication
Creators: name: McArdle, Jessica
name: Munger, Joshua
name: Moorman, Nathaniel J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection induces several metabolic activities that have been found to be important for viral replication. The cellular AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a metabolic stress response kinase that regulates both energy-producing catabolic processes and energy-consuming anabolic processes. Here we explore the role AMPK plays in generating an environment conducive to HCMV replication. We find that HCMV infection induces AMPK activity, resulting in the phosphorylation and increased abundance of several targets downstream of activated AMPK. Pharmacological and RNA-based inhibition of AMPK blocked the glycolytic activation induced by HCMV-infection, but had little impact on the glycolytic pathway of uninfected cells. Furthermore, inhibition of AMPK severely attenuated HCMV replication suggesting that AMPK is an important cellular factor for HCMV replication. Inhibition of AMPK attenuated early and late gene expression as well as viral DNA synthesis, but had no detectable impact on immediate-early gene expression, suggesting that AMPK activity is important at the immediate early to early transition of viral gene expression. Lastly, we find that inhibition of the Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent kinase kinase (CaMKK), a kinase known to activate AMPK, blocks HCMV-mediated AMPK activation. The combined data suggest a model in which HCMV activates AMPK through CaMKK, and depends on their activation for high titer replication, likely through induction of a metabolic environment conducive to viral replication.
Heterotrimeric G-protein Signaling Is Critical to Pathogenic Processes in Entamoeba histolytica
Creators: name: Machius, Mischa
name: Kimple, Adam J.
name: Temple, Brenda R. S.
name: Willard, Francis S.
name: Siderovski, David P.
name: Bosch, Dustin E.
name: Muller, Robin E.
name: Giguère, Patrick M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Heterotrimeric G-protein signaling pathways are vital components of physiology, and many are amenable to pharmacologic manipulation. Here, we identify functional heterotrimeric G-protein subunits in Entamoeba histolytica, the causative agent of amoebic colitis. The E. histolytica Gα subunit EhGα1 exhibits conventional nucleotide cycling properties and is seen to interact with EhGβγ dimers and a candidate effector, EhRGS-RhoGEF, in typical, nucleotide-state-selective fashions. In contrast, a crystal structure of EhGα1 highlights unique features and classification outside of conventional mammalian Gα subfamilies. E. histolytica trophozoites overexpressing wildtype EhGα1 in an inducible manner exhibit an enhanced ability to kill host cells that may be wholly or partially due to enhanced host cell attachment. EhGα1-overexpressing trophozoites also display enhanced transmigration across a Matrigel barrier, an effect that may result from altered baseline migration. Inducible expression of a dominant negative EhGα1 variant engenders the converse phenotypes. Transcriptomic studies reveal that modulation of pathogenesis-related trophozoite behaviors by perturbed heterotrimeric G-protein expression includes transcriptional regulation of virulence factors and altered trafficking of cysteine proteases. Collectively, our studies suggest that E. histolytica possesses a divergent heterotrimeric G-protein signaling axis that modulates key aspects of cellular processes related to the pathogenesis of this infectious organism.
Free vibration and mechanical buckling of plates with in-plane material inhomogeneity - a three dimensional consistent approach
Creators: name: Xiang, Tingsong
name: Natarajan, Sundararajan
name: Man, Hou
name: Song, Chongmin
name: Gao, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article, we study the free vibration and the mechanical buckling of plates using a three dimensional consistent approach based on the scaled boundary finite element method. The in-plane dimensions of the plate are modeled by two-dimensional higher order spectral element. The solution through the thickness is expressed analytically with Pade expansion. The stiffness matrix is derived directly from the three dimensional solutions and by employing the spectral element, a diagonal mass matrix is obtained. The formulation does not require ad hoc shear correction factors and no numerical locking arises. The material properties are assumed to be temperature independent and graded only in the in-plane direction by a simple power law. The effective material properties are estimated using the rule of mixtures. The influence of the material gradient index, the boundary conditions and the geometry of the plate on the fundamental frequencies and critical buckling load are numerically investigated.
EPVPS_algorithm
Creators: name: Tang, Guoqing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 370402
subject: Earth and space science informatics

description: The goal of terrain viewshed point selection is to identify multiple viewpoints within a specific area that offer optimal visibility. However, as the resolution of terrain data becomes finer, the number of data points to be processed grows significantly, leading to a sharp rise in computational demands for viewshed point selection. This paper introduces the Efficient Precise Viewshed Point Selection (EPVPS) algorithm, which provides an important reference for multi-viewpoint planning. First, the Empty Circles based K-means (ECKM) algorithm is utilized to determine the initial centers for candidate viewpoint clustering. Second, a new viewpoint evaluation metric, Weighted Coverage Overlap Metric (WCOM), is proposed. This metric divides the viewshed of candidate points into coverage contribution points and overlap contribution points, computes WCOM based on this division, and stores the values in a min-heap. Finally, viewpoints are added and deleted from clusters by adjusting the sets of coverage contribution points and overlap contribution points. The EPVPS algorithm is compared with the Candidate Viewpoints Filtering (CVF) algorithm and the Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithm. Experimental results demonstrate that the EPVPS algorithm outperforms the others in computational efficiency, coverage rate, and overlap rate.
Optimal DC/AC Data Bus Inversion Coding
Creators: name: Lucas, Jan
name: Lal, Sohan
name: Juurlink, Ben
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik
subject: data bus inversion
subject: DDR4
subject: GDDR5
subject: power consumption
subject: termination power

description: GDDR5 and DDR4 memories use data bus inversion (DBI) coding to reduce termination power and decrease the number of output transitions. Two main strategies exist for encoding data using DBI: DBI DC minimizes the number of outputs transmitting a zero, while DBI AC minimizes the number of signal transitions. We show that neither of these strategies is optimal and reduction of interface power of up to 6% can be achieved by taking both the number of zeros and the number of signal transitions into account when encoding the data. We then demonstrate that a hardware implementation of optimal DBI coding is feasible, results in a reduction of system power and requires only an insignificant additional die area. This file provides the open research data for this paper.
Hsp90 Inhibitors Are Efficacious against Kaposi Sarcoma by Enhancing the Degradation of the Essential Viral Gene LANA, of the Viral Co-Receptor EphA2 as well as Other Client Proteins
Creators: name: Sin, Sang-Hoon
name: Wen, Kwun Wah
name: Chen, Wuguo
name: Damania, Blossom
name: Dittmer, Dirk P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) inhibitors exhibit activity against human cancers. We evaluated a series of new, oral bioavailable, chemically diverse Hsp90 inhibitors (PU-H71, AUY922, BIIB021, NVP-BEP800) against Kaposi sarcoma (KS). All Hsp90 inhibitors exhibited nanomolar EC50 in culture and AUY922 reduced tumor burden in a xenograft model of KS. KS is associated with KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). We identified the viral latency associated nuclear antigen (LANA) as a novel client protein of Hsp90 and demonstrate that the Hsp90 inhibitors diminish the level of LANA through proteasomal degradation. These Hsp90 inhibitors also downregulated EphA2 and ephrin-B2 protein levels. LANA is essential for viral maintenance and EphA2 has recently been shown to facilitate KSHV infection; which in turn feeds latent persistence. Further, both molecules are required for KS tumor formation and both were downregulated in response to Hsp90 inhibitors. This provides a rationale for clinical testing of Hsp90 inhibitors in KSHV-associated cancers and in the eradication of latent KSHV reservoirs.
Steady state meaurements of a 40 kW absorption heat transformer
Creators: name: Corrales Ciganda, José Luis
name: Cudok, Falk
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften
subject: absorption
subject: heat transformer
subject: laboratory measurements

description: The repository includes the steady state measurement of a 40 kW absorption heat transformer prototype. The data has been obtained at a laboratory test rig and obtained in the frame of two different research projects for the deveopement of this technology. The measurement equipment description, measurement methodology and resulting systematic uncertainty and standard devition of the obtained value is also included.
Calculation of neutron-${}^3$He scattering up to 30 MeV
Creators: name: Deltuva, A.
name: Fonseca, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microscopic calculations of four-body collisions become very challenging in the energy regime above the threshold for four free particles. The neutron-${}^3$He scattering is an example of such process with elastic, rearrangement, and breakup channels. We aim to calculate observables for elastic and inelastic neutron-${}^3$He reactions up to 30 MeV neutron energy using realistic nuclear force models. We solve the Alt, Grassberger, and Sandhas (AGS) equations for the four-nucleon transition operators in the momentum-space framework. The complex-energy method with special integration weights is applied to deal with the complicated singularities in the kernel of AGS equations. We obtain fully converged results for the differential cross section and neutron analyzing power in the neutron-${}^3$He elastic scattering as well as the total cross sections for inelastic reactions. Several realistic potentials are used, including the one with an explicit $Δ$ isobar excitation. There is reasonable agreement between the theoretical predictions and experimental data for the neutron-${}^3$He scattering in the considered energy regime. The most remarkable disagreements are seen around the minimum of the differential cross section and the extrema of the neutron analyzing power. The breakup cross section increases with energy exceeding rearrangement channels above 23 MeV.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C
Human Breast Milk and Antiretrovirals Dramatically Reduce Oral HIV-1 Transmission in BLT Humanized Mice
Creators: name: Swanson, Michael D.
name: Olesen, Rikke
name: Nochi, Tomonori
name: Garcia, J. Victor
name: Wahl, Angela
name: Denton, Paul W.
name: Chateau, Morgan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Currently, over 15% of new HIV infections occur in children. Breastfeeding is a major contributor to HIV infections in infants. This represents a major paradox in the field because in vitro, breast milk has been shown to have a strong inhibitory effect on HIV infectivity. However, this inhibitory effect has never been demonstrated in vivo. Here, we address this important paradox using the first humanized mouse model of oral HIV transmission. We established that reconstitution of the oral cavity and upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract of humanized bone marrow/liver/thymus (BLT) mice with human leukocytes, including the human cell types important for mucosal HIV transmission (i.e. dendritic cells, macrophages and CD4+ T cells), renders them susceptible to oral transmission of cell-free and cell-associated HIV. Oral transmission of HIV resulted in systemic infection of lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues that is characterized by the presence of HIV RNA in plasma and a gradual decline of CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood. Consistent with infection of the oral cavity, we observed virus shedding into saliva. We then evaluated the role of human breast milk on oral HIV transmission. Our in vivo results demonstrate that breast milk has a strong inhibitory effect on oral transmission of both cell-free and cell-associated HIV. Finally, we evaluated the effect of antiretrovirals on oral transmission of HIV. Our results show that systemic antiretrovirals administered prior to exposure can efficiently prevent oral HIV transmission in BLT mice.
Human Monoclonal Antibodies to a Novel Cluster of Conformational Epitopes on HCV E2 with Resistance to Neutralization Escape in a Genotype 2a Isolate
Creators: name: Rey, Felix A.
name: Li, Angela Ying-Jian
name: Prentoe, Jannick
name: Wang, Yong
name: Carlsen, Thomas
name: Foung, Steven K. H.
name: Keck, Zhen-yong
name: Wang, Wenyan
name: Patel, Arvind H.
name: Lemon, Stanley M.
name: Bukh, Jens
name: Krey, Thomas
name: Xia, Jinming
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The majority of broadly neutralizing antibodies to hepatitis C virus (HCV) are against conformational epitopes on the E2 glycoprotein. Many of them recognize overlapping epitopes in a cluster, designated as antigenic domain B, that contains residues G530 and D535. To gain information on other regions that will be relevant for vaccine design, we employed yeast surface display of antibodies that bound to genotype 1a H77C E2 mutant proteins containing a substitution either at Y632A (to avoid selecting non-neutralizing antibodies) or D535A. A panel of nine human monoclonal antibodies (HMAbs) was isolated and designated as HC-84-related antibodies. Each HMAb neutralized cell culture infectious HCV (HCVcc) with genotypes 1–6 envelope proteins with varying profiles, and each inhibited E2 binding to the viral receptor CD81. Five of these antibodies neutralized representative genotypes 1–6 HCVcc. Epitope mapping identified a cluster of overlapping epitopes that included nine contact residues in two E2 regions encompassing aa418–446 and aa611–616. Effect on virus entry was measured using H77C HCV retroviral pseudoparticles, HCVpp, bearing an alanine substitution at each of the contact residues. Seven of ten mutant HCVpp showed over 90% reduction compared to wild-type HCVpp and two others showed approximately 80% reduction. Interestingly, four of these antibodies bound to a linear E2 synthetic peptide encompassing aa434–446. This region on E2 has been proposed to elicit non-neutralizing antibodies in humans that interfere with neutralizing antibodies directed at an adjacent E2 region from aa410–425. The isolation of four HC-84 HMAbs binding to the peptide, aa434–446, proves that some antibodies to this region are to highly conserved epitopes mediating broad virus neutralization. Indeed, when HCVcc were passaged in the presence of each of these antibodies, virus escape was not observed. Thus, the cluster of HC-84 epitopes, designated as antigenic domain D, is relevant for vaccine design for this highly diverse virus.
Temperature and Humidity Measurements in Allotment Gardens in Berlin 2018 and supplementary Temperature Data of urban and rural Meaurement Stations of TU Berlin
Creators: name: Rost, Annemarie Tabea
name: Liste, Victoria
name: Seidel, Corinna
name: Matscheroth, Lea
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie
subject: allotment gardens
subject: community gardens
subject: urban green spaces
subject: urban climate
subject: microclimate
subject: air temperature
subject: Berlin

description: In this study, nocturnal air temperatures (T_N) of 39 sample sites in 15 allotment garden complexes (AGCs) were obtained in a measurement campaign during summer 2018 in Berlin, Germany.
Immunogenetic Mechanisms Driving Norovirus GII.4 Antigenic Variation
Creators: name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Beltramello, Martina
name: Debbink, Kari
name: Swanstrom, Jesica
name: Lanzavecchia, Antonio
name: Lindesmith, Lisa C.
name: Donaldson, Eric F.
name: Corti, Davide
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Noroviruses are the principal cause of epidemic gastroenteritis worldwide with GII.4 strains accounting for 80% of infections. The major capsid protein of GII.4 strains is evolving rapidly, resulting in new epidemic strains with altered antigenic potentials. To test if antigenic drift may contribute to GII.4 persistence, human memory B cells were immortalized and the resulting human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) characterized for reactivity to a panel of time-ordered GII.4 virus-like particles (VLPs). Reflecting the complex exposure history of the volunteer, human anti-GII.4 mAbs grouped into three VLP reactivity patterns; ancestral (1987–1997), contemporary (2004–2009), and broad (1987–2009). NVB 114 reacted exclusively to the earliest GII.4 VLPs by EIA and blockade. NVB 97 specifically bound and blocked only contemporary GII.4 VLPs, while NBV 111 and 43.9 exclusively reacted with and blocked variants of the GII.4.2006 Minerva strain. Three mAbs had broad GII.4 reactivity. Two, NVB 37.10 and 61.3, also detected other genogroup II VLPs by EIA but did not block any VLP interactions with carbohydrate ligands. NVB 71.4 cross-neutralized the panel of time-ordered GII.4 VLPs, as measured by VLP-carbohydrate blockade assays. Using mutant VLPs designed to alter predicted antigenic epitopes, two evolving, GII.4-specific, blockade epitopes were mapped. Amino acids 294–298 and 368–372 were required for binding NVB 114, 111 and 43.9 mAbs. Amino acids 393–395 were essential for binding NVB 97, supporting earlier correlations between antibody blockade escape and carbohydrate binding variation. These data inform VLP vaccine design, provide a strategy for expanding the cross-blockade potential of chimeric VLP vaccines, and identify an antibody with broadly neutralizing therapeutic potential for the treatment of human disease. Moreover, these data support the hypothesis that GII.4 norovirus evolution is heavily influenced by antigenic variation of neutralizing epitopes and consequently, antibody-driven receptor switching; thus, protective herd immunity is a driving force in norovirus molecular evolution.
On oscillator-bath system: Exact propagator, Reduced density matrix and Green's function
Creators: name: Refaei, A.
name: Kheirandish, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact form of quantum propagator of a quantum oscillator interacting with a bosonic bath consisting of $N$ distinguished quantum oscillators with different frequencies is obtained in the Heisenberg picture. Reduced density matrix for oscillator is obtained. The kernel or Green's function connecting the initial density matrix of the oscillator to the density matrix in an arbitrary time is obtained and its connection to Feynman-Vernon influence functional is discussed. Weak coupling regime and squared mean values for position, momentum and energy of the oscillator are obtained in equilibrium.
description: (Extended)
Mannose Binding Lectin Is Required for Alphavirus-Induced Arthritis/Myositis
Creators: name: Mahalingam, Suresh
name: Herrero, Lara J.
name: Morrison, Thomas E.
name: Hueston, Linda
name: Fraser, Robert J.
name: Whitmore, Alan C.
name: Heise, Mark T.
name: Smith, Paul N.
name: Blevins, Lance K.
name: Gunn, Bronwyn M.
name: Ramirez, Ruben
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Mosquito-borne alphaviruses such as chikungunya virus and Ross River virus (RRV) are emerging pathogens capable of causing large-scale epidemics of virus-induced arthritis and myositis. The pathology of RRV-induced disease in both humans and mice is associated with induction of the host inflammatory response within the muscle and joints, and prior studies have demonstrated that the host complement system contributes to development of disease. In this study, we have used a mouse model of RRV-induced disease to identify and characterize which complement activation pathways mediate disease progression after infection, and we have identified the mannose binding lectin (MBL) pathway, but not the classical or alternative complement activation pathways, as essential for development of RRV-induced disease. MBL deposition was enhanced in RRV infected muscle tissue from wild type mice and RRV infected MBL deficient mice exhibited reduced disease, tissue damage, and complement deposition compared to wild-type mice. In contrast, mice deficient for key components of the classical or alternative complement activation pathways still developed severe RRV-induced disease. Further characterization of MBL deficient mice demonstrated that similar to C3−/− mice, viral replication and inflammatory cell recruitment were equivalent to wild type animals, suggesting that RRV-mediated induction of complement dependent immune pathology is largely MBL dependent. Consistent with these findings, human patients diagnosed with RRV disease had elevated serum MBL levels compared to healthy controls, and MBL levels in the serum and synovial fluid correlated with severity of disease. These findings demonstrate a role for MBL in promoting RRV-induced disease in both mice and humans and suggest that the MBL pathway of complement activation may be an effective target for therapeutic intervention for humans suffering from RRV-induced arthritis and myositis.