cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive Probe of Charge Fractionalization in Quantum Spin-Hall Insulators
Creators: name: Garate, Ion
name: Hur, Karyn Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When an electron with well-defined momentum tunnels into a nonchiral Luttinger liquid, it breaks up into two separate wave packets that carry fractional charges and move in opposite directions. A direct observation of this phenomenon has proven elusive, mainly due to single-particle and plasmon backscattering caused by measurement probes. This paper theoretically introduces two topological insulator devices that are naturally suited for detecting fractional charges and their velocities directly and in a noninvasive fashion.
description: Revised and extended version. To appear in PRB
Developments in the Expression of Affect by Later and Earlier Word Learners
Creators: name: Bloom, Lois
name: Beckwith, Richard
name: Capatides, Joanne Bitetti
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: Expression
subject: Emotions
subject: Children--Language
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The present study is a report of the developmental trends in infants' affect expression from 9 to 21 months, a period that coincided with certain achievements in their language development. Two groups of infants, early and later word learners, were identified according to when they began to say words. At 9 months of age, the two groups did not differ in their frequency of emotional expression nor in the relative amount of time they spent in neutral and positive expression. All of the infants increased their expressivity. However, one group of infants increased their frequency of expression by learning to say words relatively early, whereas the other group increased their frequency of emotional expression and did not learn to say words at the same time.
ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ ПЛАНИРОВОЧНЫХ И ОБЪЕМНЫХ КОМПОЗИЦИЙ В АРХИТЕКТУРЕ МНОГОФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ЗДАНИЙ
Creators: name: Бегматова, Дилдор
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Современные строительные технологии, конструкции и материалы позволяют архитекторам создавать уникальные объемно-пространственные композиции, выходя за рамки традиционной геометрии. В статье рассматриваются примеры оригинальных архитектурных решений, реализованных в международных комплексах, в частности, на Всемирной выставке ЭКСПО-2010. Особое внимание уделяется японскому павильону, обладающему инновационной «дышащей» структурой, а также футуристическому проекту конференц-центра в Тайчжуне, демонстрирующему гармоничное сочетание архитектуры и природного ландшафта. Анализ представленных объектов позволяет выявить ключевые тенденции развития современной архитектуры и их влияние на проектирование многофункциональных зданий.
Patterns of international financial regulation : a case study of sovereign wealth funds
Creators: name: Donegá, Raul Pinheiro
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Sovereign Wealth Funds (SWFs) have been under severe scrutiny and the object of enormous criticism during the past years. These government-owned investment vehicles have created, and will continue to create, a significant debate about whether they can operate within the established International Financial Markets (IFM). Indeed, their relevance to the current economic, political and financial landscape cannot be overstated, as they challenge received notions of practice and governance embodied in the IFM regulatory framework. In this thesis, I suggest a different approach to how SWFs phenomenon is dealt with. In contrast with other authors, my analysis and prescriptions go beyond trying to reshape SWFs’ governance mechanisms or management; it takes into consideration patterns of international financial regulation and assesses the deep roots of IFM regulatory framework and operational rationale in order to provide answers to the SWFs problem. The endeavor questions the premises from which international financial regulation derives by considering the rational choice theory of compliance and regulatory models based on self-interest as models to prescribe normative action. The contribution of this thesis is to provide a new regulatory approach towards SWFs.
The Critical Role of Supervision in Retaining Staff in Obstetric Services: A Three Country Study
Creators: name: McAuliffe, Eilish
name: Daly, Michael
name: Kamwendo, Francis
name: Masanja, Honorati
name: Sidat, Mohsin
name: De Pinho, Helen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Nurses
Gynecology
Labor
Public health

description: Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 5 commits us to reducing maternal mortality rates by three quarters and MDG 4 commits us to reducing child mortality by two-thirds between 1990 and 2015. In order to reach these goals, greater access to basic emergency obstetric care (EmOC) as well as comprehensive EmOC which includes safe Caesarean section, is needed.. The limited capacity of health systems to meet demand for obstetric services has led several countries to utilize mid-level cadres as a substitute to more extensively trained and more internationally mobile healthcare workers. Although this does provide greater capacity for service delivery, concern about the performance and motivation of these workers is emerging. We propose that poor leadership characterized by inadequate and unstructured supervision underlies much of the dissatisfaction and turnover that has been shown to exist amongst these mid-level healthcare workers and indeed health workers more generally. To investigate this, we conducted a large-scale survey of 1,561 mid-level cadre healthcare workers (health workers trained for shorter periods to perform specific tasks e.g. clinical officers) delivering obstetric care in Malawi, Tanzania, and Mozambique. Participants indicated the primary supervision method used in their facility and we assessed their job satisfaction and intentions to leave their current workplace. In all three countries we found robust evidence indicating that a formal supervision process predicted high levels of job satisfaction and low intentions to leave. We find no evidence that facility level factors modify the link between supervisory methods and key outcomes. We interpret this evidence as strongly supporting the need to strengthen leadership and implement a framework and mechanism for systematic supportive supervision. This will promote better job satisfaction and improve the retention and performance of obstetric care workers, something which has the potential to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes in the countdown to 2015.
What Is Judeo-Median—and How Does it Differ from Judeo-Persian?
Creators: name: Borjian, Habib
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Judeo-Persian language
Iranian languages
Language and languages--Origin
Language and languages
Median language

description: The Iranian languages spoken by the Jews are often lumped under the term “Judeo-Persian.” Yet properly construed, the latter term refers to forms of Persian written with the Hebrew script. The corpus of Judeo-Persian texts is significant for both linguistic and literary reasons, because it includes some of the earliest documents of New Persian, and because it constitutes a sizable literature written by Persian Jews. However, there are also several spoken languages, different from Judeo-Persian, that also belong to the Iranian stock and are associated with Jewish populations in Iran. What we refer to here as “Judeo-Median” are a number of languages that have their core in central Iran and are/were spoken by the Jewry of Isfahan, Kashan, Yazd, and outlying western towns. All of these varieties are on the verge of extinction, both in their original homeland and in diaspora. Belonging to the Northwest group of Iranian languages, Judeo-Median differs from Persian (a Southwest language) not only in pedigree but also in its vocabulary and grammar—rendering it unintelligible to Persian monolinguals. This article studies the Judeo-Median dialects collectively, exhibiting their major similarities and differences, and attempting to enumerate and arrive at a tentative classification.
Neutral theory of chemical reaction networks
Creators: name: Lee, Sang Hoon
name: Bernhardsson, Sebastian
name: Holme, Petter
name: Kim, Beom Jun
name: Minnhagen, Petter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: To what extent do the characteristic features of a chemical reaction network reflect its purpose and function? In general, one argues that correlations between specific features and specific functions are key to understanding a complex structure. However, specific features may sometimes be neutral and uncorrelated with any system-specific purpose, function or causal chain. Such neutral features are caused by chance and randomness. Here we compare two classes of chemical networks: one that has been subjected to biological evolution (the chemical reaction network of metabolism in living cells) and one that has not (the atmospheric planetary chemical reaction networks). Their degree distributions are shown to share the very same neutral system-independent features. The shape of the broad distributions is to a large extent controlled by a single parameter, the network size. From this perspective, there is little difference between atmospheric and metabolic networks; they are just different sizes of the same random assembling network. In other words, the shape of the degree distribution is a neutral characteristic feature and has no functional or evolutionary implications in itself; it is not a matter of life and death.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
title: Chilian Schrader
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Chilian Schrader as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
Epithelial Uptake of Flagella Initiates Proinflammatory Signaling
Creators: name: Parker, Dane
name: Prince, Alice S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Epithelial cells
Inflammation
Flagella (Microbiology)
Biochemistry

description: The airway epithelium serves multiple roles in the defense of the lung. Not only does it act as a physical barrier, it acts as a distal extension of the innate immune system. We investigated the role of the airway epithelium in the interaction with flagella, an important virulence factor of the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a cause of ventilator associated pneumonia and significant morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis. Flagella were required for transmigration across polarized airway epithelial cells and this was a direct consequence of motility, and not a signaling effect. Purified flagella did not alter the barrier properties of the epithelium but were observed to be rapidly endocytosed inside epithelial cells. Neither flagella nor intact P. aeruginosa stimulated epithelial inflammasome signaling. Flagella-dependent signaling required dynamin-based uptake as well as TLR5 and primarily led to the induction of proinflammatory (Tnf, Il6) as well as neutrophil (Cxcl1, Cxcl2, Ccl3) and macrophage (Ccl20) chemokines. Although flagella are important in invasion across the epithelial barrier their shedding in the airway lumen results in epithelial uptake and signaling that has a major role in the initial recruitment of immune cells in the lung.
MPEC 2025-F205 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2025 March 28)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: Christoph Schrader
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Christoph Schrader as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
Additional file 1 of Y chromosomal noncoding RNAs regulate autosomal gene expression via piRNAs in mouse testis
Creators: name: Reddy, Hemakumar M.
name: Bhattacharya, Rupa
name: Tiwari, Shrish
name: Mishra, Kankadeb
name: Annapurna, Pranatharthi
name: Jehan, Zeenath
name: Praveena, Nissankararao Mary
name: Alex, Jomini Liza
name: Dhople, Vishnu M.
name: Singh, Lalji
name: Sivaramakrishnan, Mahadevan
name: Chaturvedi, Anurag
name: Rangaraj, Nandini
name: Shiju, Thomas Michael
name: Sreedevi, Badanapuram
name: Kumar, Sachin
name: Dereddi, Ram Reddy
name: Rayabandla, Sunayana M.
name: Jesudasan, Rachel A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Developmental stage-specific expression of M34 (DQ907163). Testis sections from 1 month old, new born and 18.5d embryo showing expression of M34 from 18.5d embryonic stage onwards. The signals localize to the nucleus in 18.5d embryos and translocate to the cytoplasm at later stages. Arrows indicate cells surrounding the testicular cords (TC). Left hand side panels show the merged images from FITC-tagged probe and the nuclei counterstained with propidium iodide. Middle panels show signals from the FITC-tagged M34 alone. Right hand side panels counterstained with propidium iodide show the testicular histology at different developmental stages.
Foreign Direct Investment by Emerging Economy Multinationals: Coping with the Global Crisis
Creators: name: McAllister, Geraldine
name: Sauvant, Karl P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: International business enterprises
subject: Investments, Foreign--Law and legislation
subject: Investments, Foreign--Government policy
subject: Investments, Foreign
subject: Economics
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Even before the onset of the global crisis, the global market for foreign direct investment (FDI) had undergone significant changes. Foremost amongst these changes was the increasing importance of emerging market multinationals (MNEs). While outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) from these markets is, in itself, not new, the magnitude that this phenomenon achieved prior to the crisis and its resilience in the face of the global crisis suggest that this is not a temporary occurrence but rather a sign of a fundamental change that is taking place in the global OFDI market. However, emerging markets are not homogenous: in addition to the rise in OFDI from emerging markets, the formation of new regional groupings has led to the emergence of fresh investment patterns. This chapter examines changes taking place in global FDI flows and looks at the impact of the crisis in the context of profound structural changes; it also focuses on the response of emerging markets and the enormous risks and challenges that lie ahead. It is vital to note that this crisis is ongoing, and it is too early to predict the final contours it will leave in its wake on the FDI landscape.
On integrable rational potentials of the Dirac equation
Creators: name: Stachowiak, Tomasz
name: Przybylska, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q05, 34A05

description: The one dimensional Dirac equation with a rational potential is reducible to an ordinary differential equation with a Riccati-like coefficient. Its integrability can be studied with the help of differential Galois theory, although the results have to be stated with recursive relations, because in general the equation is of Heun type. The inverse problem of finding integrable rational potentials based on the properties of the singular points is also presented; in particular, a general class of integrable potentials leading to the Whittaker equation is found.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures. Final version
The Rise of FDI Protectionism
Creators: name: Sauvant, Karl P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: International business enterprises
subject: Investments, Foreign--Law and legislation
subject: Investments, Developing country
subject: Investments, Foreign--Government policy
subject: Investments, Foreign
subject: Economics
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: During the past 20 years or so, we have witnessed an impressive trend toward making the investment climate more welcoming for foreign direct investors. At the national level, the great majority of regulatory changes related to foreign direct investment (FDI) were in that direction, mostly in terms of opening more sectors to investment or reducing other market entry conditions and facilitating the operations of multinational enterprises (MNEs) once established. In fact, countries have actively sought to attract FDI, establishing investment promotion agencies to do that and, among other things, using a range of incentives to lure MNEs to their shores. These national policies have been supplemented by international investment agreements (IIAs) which, in particular, enshrine the protection of investment in internationally-binding treaties and, in a number of cases, also commit governments to liberalizing entry and operating conditions for foreign investors. The result is an international investment regime which, compared to what there was, say, 30 years ago, is quite well developed, even in the absence of a multilateral investment treaty. It is enforced, moreover, through an investor-state dispute settlement mechanism that is increasingly used by firms that seek to enforce what they see to be their rights. This dominant trend of the past two decades or so is certainly still continuing—but there are signs that the pendulum is swinging back. What is happening and why is it happening?
Additional file 2 of Y chromosomal noncoding RNAs regulate autosomal gene expression via piRNAs in mouse testis
Creators: name: Reddy, Hemakumar M.
name: Bhattacharya, Rupa
name: Tiwari, Shrish
name: Mishra, Kankadeb
name: Annapurna, Pranatharthi
name: Jehan, Zeenath
name: Praveena, Nissankararao Mary
name: Alex, Jomini Liza
name: Dhople, Vishnu M.
name: Singh, Lalji
name: Sivaramakrishnan, Mahadevan
name: Chaturvedi, Anurag
name: Rangaraj, Nandini
name: Shiju, Thomas Michael
name: Sreedevi, Badanapuram
name: Kumar, Sachin
name: Dereddi, Ram Reddy
name: Rayabandla, Sunayana M.
name: Jesudasan, Rachel A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure 2A. Raw data relating to Figure 2A. Full picture showing the reverse transcription PCR samples from XYRIII brain and testis and XYRIIIqdel testis separated in 1.5% agarose gel. The lane labeled –ve is the negative control without sample cDNA. The gel picture is cropped to show only XYRIII brain and testis samples in Fig. 2A.
Reservoirs of the Future
Creators: name: Sauvant, Karl P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: International business enterprises
subject: Investments, Foreign--Law and legislation
subject: Investments, Developing country
subject: Investments, Foreign--Government policy
subject: Administrative agencies
subject: Investments, Foreign
subject: Economics
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Monitoring new and emerging reservoirs of foreign direct investment and identifying ways and means to strengthen the development impact of such investments is not an easy task. It may require investment promotion agencies to strengthen their policy advocacy role within their own governments, with a view to helping improve the investment climate – not only for foreign, but also for domestic investors.
The detection of microplastics in beach sediments
Creators: name: Stolte, Andrea
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 620 Engineering & allied operations

description: The spatial and temporal variations of microplastic concentrations in beach sediments at the German Baltic coast are investigated. A total of 11 locations were sampled in the Rostock area, on Ruegen island, in the Oder / Peene estuary, and in the North Sea Jade Bay. Microplastic particle and fibre concentrations were in the range 0-11 coloured pieces/kg sediment, with typical numbers of 1-3 particles/kg. Industrial and urban river discharge, fishing activity, and tourism are identified as the most likely sources for the observed microplastic contaminations.
Outward FDI From Emerging Markets: Some Policy Issues
Creators: name: Sauvant, Karl P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International business enterprises
subject: Investments, Foreign--Government policy
subject: Investments, Foreign--Law and legislation
subject: Investments, Developing country
subject: Investments, Foreign
subject: Economics
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) from emerging markets (essentially all non-OECD countries) has risen considerably during the past decade, reaching $133 billion in 2005, for a stock of some $1.4 trillion. As in the case of developed countries, the bulk of this investment is accounted for by a limited number of economies, with ten of them responsible for 83% in 2005. An increasing number of emerging market firms are joining the rank of multinational enterprises (MNEs), i.e. firms controlling assets abroad. This development raises at least two policy-oriented questions: 1. How should the policy regime for OFDI from emerging markets look like to support the competitiveness of the firms involved and the performance of their home countries? 2. How to manage the public reaction in emerging markets to their OFDI and in host countries to inward FDI from emerging markets?
"To the advantage of all concerned" : practical and principle-based arguments for a revised remedy regime for unfair dismissal in Australia
Creators: name: Woolias, David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Among the extensive literature on the merits of unfair dismissal laws, comparatively little attention has been paid to the key issue of which remedies, and in what form, can best give effect to those laws. In order to address this gap in the literature, this thesis examines remedies for unfair dismissal through an empirical study of all unfair dismissal decisions handed down in Australia during the 2010-2011 financial year by the Australian federal employment tribunal. This thesis also contains a detailed analysis of the theoretical underpinnings of the current remedy regime for unfair dismissal in Australia – which comprises reinstatement and monetary compensation subject to a statutory cap – to assess the merits of those remedies from the perspective of principle. The results of the analysis reveal some troubling issues of both practice and principle. First, there is a significant divergence between the law as it appears on the statute books in relation to remedies for unfair dismissal (which emphasises reinstatement and making whole the loss suffered by the unfairly dismissed employee) and the law as it actually operates in practice (in which reinstatement is awarded infrequently and the quantum of compensation ordered in lieu of reinstatement is generally small). Second, this problem is particularly acute for self-represented applicants. An economic decision-making model is used to show that, in particular, it is likely that this problem causes self-represented applicants to reject settlement offers which they should rationally accept. Third, neither compensation nor reinstatement is capable of fully realising the purposes that the remedy regime is designed to achieve. In particular, the availability of the remedy of reinstatement against the will of an employer is unsupportable in principle and fails to afford employers a “fair go all round”. The thesis concludes by proposing that the remedy regime for unfair dismissal in Australia be modified to provide only the remedy of compensation, subject to a significantly larger statutory cap than that which presently applies. It is likely that similar modifications would benefit other jurisdictions around the world, such as Canada and the United Kingdom, which have similar statutory unfair dismissal laws to Australia.
Twisted split category algebras as quasi-hereditary algebras
Creators: name: Boltje, Robert
name: Danz, Susanne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G10

description: A category is called {\em split} if for every morphism $s\colon X\to Y$ there exists a morphism $t\colon Y\to X$ such that $s\circ t\circ s = s$. Let $C$ be a finite split category, let $k$ be a field of characteristic 0 and let $α$ be a 2-cocycle of $C$ with values in the unit group of $k$. Then the twisted category algebra $k_αC$ is a quasi-hereditary algebra.
description: 11 pages. Added Section 4 on construction of standard modules. Final version
Age-Specific Signatures of Glioblastoma at the Genomic, Genetic, and Epigenetic Levels
Creators: name: Bozdag, Serdar
name: Li, Aiguo
name: Riddick, Gregory
name: Kotliarov, Yuri
name: Baysan, Mehmet
name: Iwamoto, Fabio M.
name: Cam, Margaret C.
name: Kotliarova, Svetlana
name: Fine, Howard A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: DNA--Methylation
Genomics--Data processing
Gene expression
Biochemistry

description: Age is a powerful predictor of survival in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) yet the biological basis for the difference in clinical outcome is mostly unknown. Discovering genes and pathways that would explain age-specific survival difference could generate opportunities for novel therapeutics for GBM. Here we have integrated gene expression, exon expression, microRNA expression, copy number alteration, SNP, whole exome sequence, and DNA methylation data sets of a cohort of GBM patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project to discover age-specific signatures at the transcriptional, genetic, and epigenetic levels and validated our findings on the REMBRANDT data set. We found major age-specific signatures at all levels including age-specific hypermethylation in polycomb group protein target genes and the upregulation of angiogenesis-related genes in older GBMs. These age-specific differences in GBM, which are independent of molecular subtypes, may in part explain the preferential effects of anti-angiogenic agents in older GBM and pave the way to a better understanding of the unique biology and clinical behavior of older versus younger GBMs.
Additional file 3 of Y chromosomal noncoding RNAs regulate autosomal gene expression via piRNAs in mouse testis
Creators: name: Reddy, Hemakumar M.
name: Bhattacharya, Rupa
name: Tiwari, Shrish
name: Mishra, Kankadeb
name: Annapurna, Pranatharthi
name: Jehan, Zeenath
name: Praveena, Nissankararao Mary
name: Alex, Jomini Liza
name: Dhople, Vishnu M.
name: Singh, Lalji
name: Sivaramakrishnan, Mahadevan
name: Chaturvedi, Anurag
name: Rangaraj, Nandini
name: Shiju, Thomas Michael
name: Sreedevi, Badanapuram
name: Kumar, Sachin
name: Dereddi, Ram Reddy
name: Rayabandla, Sunayana M.
name: Jesudasan, Rachel A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. The spectrum of splicing–patterns present in Pirmy splice isoforms. Analysis of the splicing patterns in Pirmy splice isoform sequences showed different patterns of splicing like A exon skipping B alternative 5’ splice sites, C alternative 3’ splice sites, D mutually exclusive alternative exons, E intron retention and F complex events. Left panel highlights the region of splicing in the isoforms encircled in black.
Challenges of Diagnosing Acute HIV-1 Subtype C Infection in African Women: Performance of a Clinical Algorithm and the Need for Point-of-Care Nucleic-Acid Based Testing
Creators: name: Mlisana, Koleka
name: Sobieszczyk, Magdalena
name: Werner, Lise
name: Feinstein, Addi
name: Van Loggerenberg, Francois
name: Naicker, Nivashnee
name: Williamson, Carolyn
name: Garrett, Nigel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Symptoms
Algorithms
HIV infections
Public health

description: Background

Prompt diagnosis of acute HIV infection (AHI) benefits the individual and provides opportunities for public health intervention. The aim of this study was to describe most common signs and symptoms of AHI, correlate these with early disease progression and develop a clinical algorithm to identify acute HIV cases in resource limited setting.

Methods

245 South African women at high-risk of HIV-1 were assessed for AHI and received monthly HIV-1 antibody and RNA testing. Signs and symptoms at first HIV-positive visit were compared to HIV-negative visits. Logistic regression identified clinical predictors of AHI. A model-based score was assigned to each predictor to create a risk score for every woman.

Results

Twenty-eight women seroconverted after a total of 390 person-years of follow-up with an HIV incidence of 7.2/100 person-years (95%CI 4.5–9.8). Fifty-seven percent reported ≥1 sign or symptom at the AHI visit. Factors predictive of AHI included age <25 years (OR = 3.2; 1.4–7.1), rash (OR = 6.1; 2.4–15.4), sore throat (OR = 2.7; 1.0–7.6), weight loss (OR = 4.4; 1.5–13.4), genital ulcers (OR = 8.0; 1.6–39.5) and vaginal discharge (OR = 5.4; 1.6–18.4). A risk score of 2 correctly predicted AHI in 50.0% of cases. The number of signs and symptoms correlated with higher HIV-1 RNA at diagnosis (r = 0.63; p<0.001).

Conclusions

Accurate recognition of signs and symptoms of AHI is critical for early diagnosis of HIV infection. Our algorithm may assist in risk-stratifying individuals for AHI, especially in resource-limited settings where there is no routine testing for AHI. Independent validation of the algorithm on another cohort is needed to assess its utility further. Point-of-care antigen or viral load technology is required, however, to detect asymptomatic, antibody negative cases enabling early interventions and prevention of transmission.
Mechanisms for the Near-UV Photodissociation of CH$_3$I on D$_2$O/Cu(110)
Creators: name: Miller, E. R.
name: Muirhead, G. D.
name: Jensen, E. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The system of CH$_3$I adsorbed on submonolayer, monolayer and multilayer thin films of D$_2$O on Cu(110) has been studied by measuring the time-of-flight (TOF) distributions of the desorbing CH$_3$ fragments after photodissociation using linearly polarized $λ$=248nm light. For multilayer D$_2$O films (1-120ML), the photodissociation is dominated by neutral photodissociation via the "A-band" absorption of CH$_3$I. The polarization and angle dependent variation in the observed TOF spectra of the CH$_3$ photofragments find that dissociation is largely via the $^3Q_0$ excited state, but that also a contribution via the $^1Q_1$ excitation can be identified. The photodissociation results also indicate that the CH$_3$I adsorbed on D$_2$O forms close-packed islands at submonolayer coverages, with a mixture of C-I bond axis orientations. For submonolayer quantities of D$_2$O we have observed a contribution to CH$_3$I photodissociation via dissociative electron attachment (DEA) by photoelectrons. The observed DEA is consistent with delocalized photoelectrons from the substrate causing the observed dissociation -- we do not find evidence for a DEA mechanism via the temporary solvation of photoelectrons in localized states of the D$_2$O ice.
Additional file 5 of Y chromosomal noncoding RNAs regulate autosomal gene expression via piRNAs in mouse testis
Creators: name: Reddy, Hemakumar M.
name: Bhattacharya, Rupa
name: Tiwari, Shrish
name: Mishra, Kankadeb
name: Annapurna, Pranatharthi
name: Jehan, Zeenath
name: Praveena, Nissankararao Mary
name: Alex, Jomini Liza
name: Dhople, Vishnu M.
name: Singh, Lalji
name: Sivaramakrishnan, Mahadevan
name: Chaturvedi, Anurag
name: Rangaraj, Nandini
name: Shiju, Thomas Michael
name: Sreedevi, Badanapuram
name: Kumar, Sachin
name: Dereddi, Ram Reddy
name: Rayabandla, Sunayana M.
name: Jesudasan, Rachel A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Figure S3. Figure showing reduced transcription of the genomic clone M34 and its subclones. A Shows the reduction in signal elicited by M34 clone on a metaphase spread, testis and sperms of XYRIIIqdel mice when compared to the wild type, XYRIII. Sperms collected from epididymis show very low levels of RNA compared to sperms from testis. There is no marked difference in fluorescence intensity between XYRIII and XYRIIIqdel sperms collected from epididymis. B Shows localization of the subclones p17, p21, p32 and p66 onto the parental clone M34 (DQ907163) and the sequencing strategy used to cover the entire M34 clone C This panel shows clear reduction in expression of different subclones p17, p21, p32 and p66 of M34 in testis sections from XYRIIIqdel mice. Green fluorescence represents signal from FITC labelled probe, nuclei are counterstained with propidium iodide (red). Yellow indicates co-localization.
Force-Free Gravitational Redshift: Proposed Gravitational Aharonov-Bohm experiment
Creators: name: Hohensee, Michael A.
name: Estey, Brian
name: Hamilton, Paul
name: Zeilinger, Anton
name: Mueller, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a feasible laboratory interferometry experiment with matter waves in a gravitational potential caused by a pair of artificial field-generating masses. It will demonstrate that the presence of these masses (and, for moving atoms, time dilation) induces a phase shift, even if it does not cause any classical force. The phase shift is identical to that produced by the gravitational redshift (or time dilation) of clocks ticking at the atom's Compton frequency. In analogy to the Aharonov-Bohm effect in electromagnetism, the quantum mechanical phase is a function of the gravitational potential and not the classical forces.
description: Updated to published version
Information on Access and Benefit Sharing regarding the Utilisation of Genetic Resources under the European Union Legal Regulation
Creators: name: Colcelli, Valentina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Valentina Colcellianalyses how, in the European legal system, Access and Benefit-sharing information are exchanged and this could help the implementation of the Nagoya Protocol and its goals, whether data flow could be controlled and whether legal consequences for infringement of rules on information exchange and storage could be more well-defined and reinforced. The flow of information available in the Access and Benefit-sharing Clearing-house platform seems to favour users more than providers, stakeholders and consumers; it also appears to kindly invite the users to respect the Access and Benefit-Sharing system. Providers, stakeholders and consumers, as well as the States, have the possibility to discover the illegal utilisation of genetic resources only accidentally, after products have been placed on the market. However, Art. 7(1) of Regulation (EU) n. 511/2014 makes it clear that the due diligence declaration needs to be requested by the Member States, or by the European Commission if money is provided by EU funds and the EU Offices or by the public administrations of Member States in case of request for market approval or placing products on the market. Nevertheless, the agencies in charge of Access and Benefit-Sharing control are not responsible for market approval. However, a rather quite good control of the flow of information is possible in the EU legal system, if all involved public administrations or agencies check the Access and Benefit-Sharing due diligence fulfilment.
Transcription and coding for child language research: The parts are more than the whole.
Creators: name: Bloom, Lois
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: Cognition in children
Children--Language--Research
Language acquisition
Developmental psychology

description: People have been writing down what infants say at least since Charles Darwin’s diary of his son’s language development in the 19th century. Two parallel lines of development since then have influenced how we record the data of children’s language for understanding how language is acquired. One of these developments has been conceptual: The different questions researchers ask influence the sorts of data they collect. At the same time, electronic innovations continue to provide increasingly more sophisticated equipment to supplement (but not replace) paper and pencils. This chapter first presents a discussion of conceptual and procedural developments that influence observational research in child language. The main purpose of the chapter is to then describe the rationale, procedures, and equipment for computer-assisted transcription and coding, developed in Lois Bloom’s research laboratory since 1981, for studying how young children acquire language in relation to developments in their cognition and emotional expression.
Simple Virasoro modules which are locally finite over a positive part
Creators: name: Mazorchuk, Volodymyr
name: Zhao, Kaiming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a very general construction of simple Virasoro modules generalizing and including both highest weight and Whittaker modules. This reduces the problem of classification of simple Virasoro modules which are locally finite over a positive part to classification of simple modules over a family of finite dimensional solvable Lie algebras. For one of these algebras all simple modules are classified by R. Block and we extend this classification to the next member of the family. As a result we recover many known but also construct a lot of new simple Virasoro modules. We also propose a revision of the setup for study of Whittaker modules.
description: 16 pages, some changes in examples (subsections 4.4. and 4.5) in version 2
Additional file 6 of Y chromosomal noncoding RNAs regulate autosomal gene expression via piRNAs in mouse testis
Creators: name: Reddy, Hemakumar M.
name: Bhattacharya, Rupa
name: Tiwari, Shrish
name: Mishra, Kankadeb
name: Annapurna, Pranatharthi
name: Jehan, Zeenath
name: Praveena, Nissankararao Mary
name: Alex, Jomini Liza
name: Dhople, Vishnu M.
name: Singh, Lalji
name: Sivaramakrishnan, Mahadevan
name: Chaturvedi, Anurag
name: Rangaraj, Nandini
name: Shiju, Thomas Michael
name: Sreedevi, Badanapuram
name: Kumar, Sachin
name: Dereddi, Ram Reddy
name: Rayabandla, Sunayana M.
name: Jesudasan, Rachel A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Figure S4. Genomic Copy number analysis of Pirmy and Pirmy-like RNAs in genomes of XYRIII and XYRIIIqdel mice. This figure shows the relative copy number difference of Pirmy and Pirmy-like genes (exon 7 of DQ907162) in the genomes of XYRIII and XYRIIIqdel mice. Values represent mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed using an unpaired t-test and the significance level is represented as ** P < 0.01. XYRIIIqdel mice showed a 3 fold reduction in genomic copy number of Pirmy and Pirmy-like RNAs compared to XYRIII.
Trends in Breast Cancer Stage and Mortality in Michigan (1992–2009) by Race, Socioeconomic Status, and Area Healthcare Resources
Creators: name: Akinyemiju, Tomi F.
name: Soliman, Amr S.
name: Copeland, Glenn
name: Banerjee, Mousumi
name: Schwartz, Kendra
name: Merajver, Sofia D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Social classes
Ethnology
Breast--Cancer
Public health

description: The long-term effect of socioeconomic status (SES) and healthcare resources availability (HCA) on breast cancer stage of presentation and mortality rates among patients in Michigan is unclear. Using data from the Michigan Department of Community Health (MDCH) between 1992 and 2009, we calculated annual proportions of late-stage diagnosis and age-adjusted breast cancer mortality rates by race and zip code in Michigan. SES and HCA were defined at the zip-code level. Joinpoint regression was used to compare the Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) in the median zip-code level percent late stage diagnosis and mortality rate for blacks and whites and for each level of SES and HCA. Between 1992 and 2009, the proportion of late stage diagnosis increased among white women [AAPC = 1.0 (0.4, 1.6)], but was statistically unchanged among black women [AAPC = −0.5 (−1.9, 0.8)]. The breast cancer mortality rate declined among whites [AAPC = −1.3% (−1.8,−0.8)], but remained statistically unchanged among blacks [AAPC = −0.3% (−0.3, 1.0)]. In all SES and HCA area types, disparities in percent late stage between blacks and whites appeared to narrow over time, while the differences in breast cancer mortality rates between blacks and whites appeared to increase over time.
Gravity of R^{ik}=0: A New Paradigm in GR
Creators: name: Vishwakarma, Ram Gopal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theory of general relativity (GR) has been scrutinized by experts for almost a century and describes accurately all gravitational phenomena ranging from the solar system to the universe. However, this success is achieved provided one admits three completely independent new components in the energy-stress tensor $T^{μν}$$-$inflaton, dark matter and dark energy, which though do not have any non-gravitational or laboratory evidence and have remained generally speculative. Moreover, the dark energy poses a serious confrontation between fundamental physics and cosmology. The present situation reminds us of Einstein's `biggest blunder' when he forced his theory to predict a static universe, perhaps guided by his religious conviction that the universe must be eternal and unchanging. It seems that we are making a similar blunder by forcing $T^{μν}$ into the field equations while the observations indicate that it is not needed. We seem to have a deep-rooted conviction that the spacetime will remain empty unless we fill it by the energy-stress tensor. However, we have been ignoring numerous evidences earnestly indicating otherwise. From a critical analysis of the present situation, we develop an entirely new insight about the source of curvature in equations $R^{μν}=0$ which, though may appear orthogonal to the usual understanding, is in striking agreement with all known phenomena in GR. Moreover, it answers some hitherto unexplained puzzles and circumvents some long-standing problems of the standard paradigm.
description: Awarded `Honorable Mention' of 2012 by the Gravity Research Foundation. An invited submission to Open Astron. J. (accepted version)
Supplementary document for In vivo evaluation of a lipopolysaccharide-induced ear vascular leakage model in mice using photoacoustic microscopy - 5962091.pdf
Creators: name: Li, Zhe
name: He, Pengbo
name: Xu, Yuqing
name: Deng, Yuxiao
name: Gao, Yuan
name: Chen, Sung-Liang
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement 1
Polarization control proposal for Shanghai deep ultraviolet free electron laser
Creators: name: Zhang, Tong
name: Deng, Haixiao
name: Chen, Jianhui
name: Dai, Zhimin
name: Feng, Chao
name: Feng, Lie
name: Lan, Taihe
name: Liu, Bo
name: Wang, Dong
name: Wang, Xingtao
name: Zhang, Meng
name: Zhang, Miao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a fully coherent radiation option with controllable polarization is proposed for Shanghai deep ultraviolet free electron laser (FEL) test facility. Intensive start-to-end simulation suggests that, the two crossed planar undulators which generate the horizontal and vertical linear polarized FEL respectively, should be placed as close as possible for avoiding the polarization performance degradation of the final combined FEL radiation. With the existence of the phase-shifter between the two crossed radiators, Fourier-Transform-Limited output radiation with 100 nJ order pulse energy, 5 ps full pulse length and circular polarization degree above 90% could be achieved.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
title: Karl Gustav von Fri(e)sendorff
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Karl Gustav von Fri(e)sendorff as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
Effect of stretching on the ballistic conductance of Au nanocontacts in presence of CO: a density functional study
Creators: name: Sclauzero, Gabriele
name: Corso, Andrea Dal
name: Smogunov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CO adsorption on an Au monatomic chain is studied within density functional theory in nanocontact geometries as a function of the contact stretching. We compare the bridge and atop adsorption sites of CO, finding that the bridge site is energetically favored at all strains studied here. Atop adsorption gives rise to an almost complete suppression of the ballistic conductance of the nanocontact, while adsorption at the bridge site results in a conductance value close to 0.6 G0, in agreement with previous experimental data. We show that only the bridge site can qualitatively account for the evolution of the conductance as a function of the contact stretching observed in the experimental conductance traces. The numerical discrepancy between the theoretical and experimental conductance slopes is rationalized through a simple model for the elastic response of the metallic leads. We also verify that our conductance values are not affected by the specific choice of the nanocontact geometry by comparing two different atomistic models for the tips.
title: Johann Leonhard Frisch
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Johann Leonhard Frisch as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's