cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Attributions for parents’ behavior by boys with and without attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Creators: name: Colalillo, Sara
name: Williamson, David Kenneth
name: Johnston, Charlotte
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Attributions for parents’ behavior were examined in a sample of boys with and without Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Sixty-six boys (mean age = 9.75 years) rated attributions for their mothers’ and their fathers’ behavior, across positive and negative scenarios, and along four attribution dimensions (parent ability, parent effort, task difficulty, and child responsibility). Three-way interactions emerged among child ADHD status, parent gender, and attribution type, and among scenario valence, parent gender, and attribution type. All children rated attributions higher in the positive scenarios, and attributions of child responsibility higher for fathers than mothers. Children rated task-related attributions higher for mothers in negative scenarios, but higher for fathers in positive scenarios. Boys with ADHD rated child responsibility attributions higher than controls, across all scenarios. Results highlight important differences in children’s perceptions of their parents’ behavior that may have implications for understanding parent-child relationships in families of children with and without ADHD.
Comparison of Probabilistic Structural Reliability Methods for Ultimate Limit State Assessment of Wind Turbines
Creators: name: Wang, Hong
name: Gramstad, Odin
name: Schär, Styfen
name: Marelli, Stefano
name: Vanem, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The probabilistic design of offshore wind turbines aims to ensure structural safety in a cost-effective way. This involves conducting structural reliability assessments for different design options and considering different structural responses. There are several structural reliability methods, and this paper will apply and compare different approaches in some simplified case studies. In particular, the well known environmental contour method will be compared to a more novel approach based on sequential sampling and Gaussian processes regression for an ultimate limit state case study. For one of the case studies, results will also be compared to results from a brute force simulation approach. Interestingly, the comparison is very different from the two case studies. In one of the cases the environmental contours method agrees well with the sequential sampling method but in the other, results vary considerably. Probably, this can be explained by the violation of some of the assumptions associated with the environmental contour approach, i.e. that the short-term variability of the response is large compared to the long-term variability of the environmental conditions. Results from this simple comparison study suggests that the sequential sampling method can be a robust and computationally effective approach for structural reliability assessment.
The CPA Presidential Task Force on Evidence-Based Practice of Psychological Treatments
Creators: name: Dozois, David J. A.
name: Mikail, Sam
name: Alden, Lynn E.
name: Bieling, Peter J.
name: Bourgon, Guy, 1964-
name: Clark, David A., 1954-
name: Drapeau, Martin
name: Gallson, Dave
name: Greenberg, Leslie S.
name: Hunsley, John, 1959-
name: Johnston, Charlotte
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: The Board of Directors of the Canadian Psychological Association (CPA) launched a Task Force on Evidence-Based Practice of Psychological Treatments to support and guide practice as well as to inform stakeholders. This article describes the work of this Task Force, outlining its raison d’etre, providing a comprehensive definition of evidence-based practice (EBP), and advancing a hierarchy of evidence that is respectful of diverse research methodologies, palatable to different groups, and yet comprehensive and compelling. The primary objective was to present an overarching methodology or approach to thinking about EBP so that psychologists can provide and implement the best possible psychological treatments. To this end, our intention for this document was to provide a set of guidelines and standards that will foster interest, encourage development, and promote effectiveness in EBP.
Theoretical consideration of a twisted atom
Creators: name: Maslennikov, P. K.
name: Volotka, A. V.
name: Baturin, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the twisted state of an atom and the possible effect of such a state on the properties of the photons emitted as a result of an electron transition in that atom. We first propose a framework for describing the twisted atomic state, and then explore possible differences in the nuclear recoil effects in the twisted atom compared to those in the plane-wave atom. We conclude that if the initial atomic state is twisted, then the photon distribution is altered. We point out that in a certain observation scheme, one can detect a feature of this twist in the distribution of the emitted photons, even in zero order in $m/M$.
description: 9 pages 3 figures
Born Digital: Datenerfassung im Gelände und im Labor
Creators: name: Klump, Jens
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: data management
fieldwork
mobile application
data curation
minerals exploration

description: Präsentationsfolien der Coffee Lecture zur Datenerfassung im Gelände und im Labor am 04.05.2022. Eine Veranstaltung zum Forschungsdatenmanagement der Universitätsbibliothek Hildesheim in Kooperationen. Presentation on data capture and management in the field and in the laboratory. The presentation is part of the Coffee Lectures series at the University of Hildesheim, Germany.
Heat kernel coefficients for massive gravity
Creators: name: Ferrero, Renata
name: Fröb, Markus B.
name: Lima, William C. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the heat kernel coefficients that are needed for the regularization and renormalization of massive gravity. Starting from the Stueckelberg action for massive gravity, we determine the propagators of the different fields (massive tensor, vector and scalar) in a general linear covariant gauge depending on four free gauge parameters. We then compute the non-minimal heat kernel coefficients for all the components of the scalar, vector and tensor sector, and employ these coefficients to regularize the propagators of all the different fields of massive gravity. We also study the massless limit and discuss the appearance of the van Dam-Veltman-Zakharov discontinuity. In the course of the computation, we derive new identities relating the heat kernel coefficients of different field sectors, both massive and massless.
description: 54 pages, long formulas. Close to published version. Includes a Mathematica notebook as supplementary material
Улав Здоровяк и Харальд Суровый / St. Olave and Harald Hardrada / Olav Digre og Harald Hardråde
Creators: name: Petrov, Alexander
name: Galanov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 210102 Archaeological Science
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 210105 Archaeology of Europe, the Mediterranean and the Levant
subject: History
subject: Archaeology
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 210307 European History (excl. British, Classical Greek and Roman)

description: Одной из центральных проблем в исследованиях международной торговли является финансовая история городов Древнерусского государства в «эпоху викингов»
 В фондах Смоленского государственного музея-заповедника хранятся две уникальные скандинавские монеты из Рачевского клада, которые проливают свет на взаимосвязь финансовых рынков Смоленщины и Норвегии
title: Photonic Spectrum Analyzer for Wireless Signals in the THz Range
Creators: name: Krause, Benedikt Leander
name: Olvera, Anuar De Jesus Fernandez
name: Preu, Sascha
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2022

description: We present an ultra-broadband and inexpensive photonic spectrum analyzer (PSA) for wireless signals with a frequency coverage from the microwave range till deep into the terahertz range. The difference frequency of two continuous-wave laser diodes works as the local oscillator frequency and a photoconductive antenna downconverts a signal under test with the aid of the optical local oscillator. With this approach we achieve a frequency coverage from less than 25 GHz to more than 1.25 THz, mostly limited by the tuning range of the lasers. No component of our spectrum analyzer needs to be interchanged in order to achieve the full tuning range, which makes our spectrum analyzer a fraction of the cost of an electronic spectrum analyzer that requires several extension modules for covering a similar frequency range. The system offers a minimum resolution bandwidth of 1.2 MHz at a displayed average noise level (DANL) as low as −113.8 dBm/Hz at 100 GHz or as low as −88.2 dBm/Hz at 1050 GHz.
The Academic Freedom Index and Its indicators: Introduction to new global time-series V-Dem data
Creators: name: Spannagel, Janika
name: Kinzelbach, Katrin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Academic freedom
subject: Institutional autonomy
subject: Right to science
subject: Human rights
subject: Expert assessments
subject: Dataset
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: The Academic Freedom Index is the first conceptually thorough assessment of academic freedom worldwide and a times series dataset going back to 1900. While some previous datasets exist, they are geographically limited and methodologically or conceptually insufficient to offer a comprehensive picture of the levels of academic freedom across time and space. This paper introduces the new expert-coded dataset that includes the overall Academic Freedom Index alongside several specific indicators, to which more than 2050 country experts around the world have contributed and which is freely available as part of V-Dem’s time-series data releases. The paper discusses its advantages compared to other types of data on academic freedom, details the conceptualization of the new indicators, and offers a content and convergent validation of the results. The dataset provides ample opportunities for scholars to conduct in-depth research on academic freedom and its infringements, and for policymakers and advocates to monitor and analyze patterns and trends of academic freedom around the world.
Molecular Identification and Genetic Diversity Analysis of Papaya Leaf Curl China Virus Infecting Ageratum conyzoides
Creators: name: Zhang, Liping
name: Wu, Shujie
name: Zhao, Meisheng
name: Ghanem, Hussein
name: Wu, Gentu
name: Li, Mingjun
name: Qing, Ling
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ageratum conyzoides
subject: genetic diversity
subject: molecular characterization
subject: papaya leaf curl China virus
subject: population evolution dynamics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Papaya leaf curl China virus (PaLCuCNV) is a damaging plant pathogen causing substantial losses to crop. The complete genomes of three PaLCuCNV isolates from Ageratum conyzoides were obtained and combined with the 68 reference isolates in GenBank for comprehensive genetic diversity analyses using specialized computational tools. Sequence alignment revealed nucleotide sequence similarity ranging from 85.3% to 99.9% among 71 PaLCuCNV isolates. Employing phylogenetic analysis, 71 PaLCuCNV sequences were clustered into five groups, with no significant correlation observed between genetic differentiation and either host species or geographical origin. Additionally, 13 recombination events across all PaLCuCNV isolates were identified. Genetic diversity analysis indicated the ongoing expansion and evolution of PaLCuCNV populations, supported by a neutral model. Moreover, significant genetic differentiation was observed among distinct viral populations, primarily attributed to genetic drift. Overall, our findings provide valuable insights into the detection, genetic variation, and evolutionary dynamics of PaLCuCNV.
Spin-wave confinement in a hybrid superconductor-ferrimagnet nanostructure
Creators: name: Kharlan, Julia
name: Sobucki, Krzysztof
name: Szulc, Krzysztof
name: Memarzadeh, Sara
name: Klos, Jaroslaw W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Eddy currents in a superconductor shield the magnetic field in its interior and are responsible for the formation of a magnetic stray field outside of the superconducting structure. The stray field can be controlled by the external magnetic field and affect the magnetization dynamics in the magnetic system placed in its range. In the case of a hybrid system consisting of a superconducting strip placed over a magnetic layer, we predict theoretically the confinement of spin waves in the well of the static stray field. The number of bound states and their frequencies can be controlled by an external magnetic field. We have presented the results of semi-analytical calculations complemented by numerical modeling.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
The Effects of Instructions on Mothers’ Ratings of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Referred Children
Creators: name: Johnston, Charlotte
name: Weiss, Margaret D.
name: Murray, Candice
name: Miller, Natalie Viola
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Tested whether instructions for how to rate child attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms would improve the agreement between mothers’ ratings of symptoms in their children and ratings provided by teachers and objective observers. Sixty-two mothers of 5 to 12 year old children (48 boys and 14 girls) referred for ADHD assessment were randomly assigned to receive or not receive the instructions. Mothers and teachers rated the children on the SNAP-IV Rating Scale and objective observers rated the children’s behavior during structured tasks. Relations between mother and teacher, and mother and observer ratings were generally stronger for mothers in the Instruction group compared to mothers in the No Instruction group, in some cases significantly stronger. The instructional materials also improved mothers’ ability to accurately describe ADHD and showed reduced some associations between mothers’ ratings and family socioeconomic status. Conclusions: These instructions have the potential to improve clinical assessments of child ADHD symptoms.
title: Deep learning-based pupil model predicts time and spectral dependent light responses
Creators: name: Zandi, Babak
name: Khanh, Tran Quoc
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2022

description: Although research has made significant findings in the neurophysiological process behind the pupillary light reflex, the temporal prediction of the pupil diameter triggered by polychromatic or chromatic stimulus spectra is still not possible. State of the art pupil models rested in estimating a static diameter at the equilibrium-state for spectra along the Planckian locus. Neither the temporal receptor-weighting nor the spectral-dependent adaptation behaviour of the afferent pupil control path is mapped in such functions. Here we propose a deep learning-driven concept of a pupil model, which reconstructs the pupil’s time course either from photometric and colourimetric or receptor-based stimulus quantities. By merging feed-forward neural networks with a biomechanical differential equation, we predict the temporal pupil light response with a mean absolute error below 0.1 mm from polychromatic (2007 ± 1 K, 4983 ± 3 K, 10,138 ± 22 K) and chromatic spectra (450 nm, 530 nm, 610 nm, 660 nm) at 100.01 ± 0.25 cd/m². This non-parametric and self-learning concept could open the door to a generalized description of the pupil behaviour.
title: 03_0658
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Investigation of Hydantoin-Based Drugs Used in the Treatment of Epilepsy Using Quantum Chemical Calculations, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics, ADMET, In Vitro, and Spectroscopic Methods
Creators: name: Kandemir, Minnet Can
name: Bicak, Bilge
name: Kecel-Gunduz, Serda
name: Akman, Gizem
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: ADMET
subject: hydantoin-based drug
subject: molecular docking
subject: molecular dynamics
subject: spectroscopy
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Present investigation deals with the structural and pharmacokinetic properties of hydantoin-based drug molecules such as phenytoin, mephenytoin, and ethotoin. Hydantoin-based drugs are widely used as anticonvulsants in the treatment of epilepsy. In this study, optimized structures, and theoretical vibrational wavenumbers of phenytoin, mephenytoin, and ethotoin molecules were determined using Gaussian 09 program with density functional theory (DFT) and B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) basis set, vibration mode assignments were performed with the GAR2PED program, and the theoretical results were supported by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. In addition, thermodynamic parameters, Mulliken charge values, HOMO-LUMO, natural bond orbital, MEP, hyperpolarizability analyzes of hydantoin-based molecules were performed. Docking analysis of all molecules with the GABA-AT receptor, which has an important place in epilepsy studies, were also carried out. Then, the molecular dynamic (MD) simulations of the hydantoin-based drugs-GABA-AT complexes were realized for 50 ns. ADMET profiles of all molecules were determined and presented by parameters of toxicity and drug-likeness. Additionally, to determine the effects of hydantoin-based drugs on glioblastoma cells, cytotoxic effects of phenytoin, mephenytoin, and ethotoin were evaluated on U-87 Human glioblastoma cell line.
title: Robot Learning From Randomized Simulations: A Review
Creators: name: Muratore, Fabio
name: Ramos, Fabio
name: Turk, Greg
name: Yu, Wenhao
name: Gienger, Michael
name: Peters, Jan
Publisher: name: Frontiers
Year: 2022

description: The rise of deep learning has caused a paradigm shift in robotics research, favoring methods that require large amounts of data. Unfortunately, it is prohibitively expensive to generate such data sets on a physical platform. Therefore, state-of-the-art approaches learn in simulation where data generation is fast as well as inexpensive and subsequently transfer the knowledge to the real robot (sim-to-real). Despite becoming increasingly realistic, all simulators are by construction based on models, hence inevitably imperfect. This raises the question of how simulators can be modified to facilitate learning robot control policies and overcome the mismatch between simulation and reality, often called the “reality gap.” We provide a comprehensive review of sim-to-real research for robotics, focusing on a technique named “domain randomization” which is a method for learning from randomized simulations.
Photons from neutrinos: the gamma ray echo of a supernova neutrino burst
Creators: name: Lunardini, Cecilia
name: Loeffler, Joshua
name: Mukhopadhyay, Mainak
name: Hurley, Matthew J.
name: Farag, Ebraheem
name: Timmes, F. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a star undergoes core collapse, a vast amount of energy is released in a ~10 s long burst of neutrinos of all species. Inverse beta decay in the star's hydrogen envelope causes an electromagnetic cascade which ultimately results in a flare of gamma rays - an "echo" of the neutrino burst - at the characteristic energy of 0.511 MeV. We study the phenomenology and detectability of this flare. Its luminosity curve is characterized by a fast, seconds-long, rise and an equally fast decline, with a minute- or hour-long plateau in between. For a near-Earth star (distance D<1 kpc) the echo will be observable at near future gamma ray telescopes with an effective area of 10^3 cm^2 or larger. Its observation will inform us on the envelope size and composition. In conjunction with the direct detection of the neutrino burst, it will also give information on the neutrino emission away from the line of sight and will enable tests of neutrino propagation effects between the stellar surface and Earth.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures and 1 table. Description of the microphysics has been expanded; minor edits were made for clarity. This version matches the one to be published in the Astrophysical Journal
title: Risikoorientierte Instandhaltungsoptimierung von Mittelspannungskabeln
Creators: name: Bühler, Jochen
name: Hallas, Martin
name: Balzer, Gerd
name: Institut Für Elektrizitätswirtschaft Und Energieinnovation
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2022

description: In diesem Paper wird eine Methodik zur Anwendung der risikoorientierten Instandhaltungsstrategie auf Mittelspannungskabel dargestellt. Hierfür wurde ein MATLAB® Modell entwickelt, mit welchem nicht nur das Ausfallrisiko eines bestehenden Netzes bestimmt sondern auch dieses für ein gegebenes Budget möglichst effizient reduziert werden kann. Dieses Ziel wird erreicht, indem das Kosten-Nutzen-Verhältnis möglicher Investitionen evaluiert wird. Diese werden in der vorgestellten Arbeit auf Erneuerungen beschränkt, da Inspektions- oder Wartungsmaßnahmen an Kabelanlagen nur unter besonderen Umständen sinnvoll sind. Anhand des berechneten Kosten-Nutzen-Verhältnisses ist es also möglich die möglichen Erneuerungsmaßnahmen zu priorisieren. Dadurch lassen sich Schwachstellen im Netz gezielt bestimmen und beheben. Allgemein unterstützt also das entwickelte Simulationsmodell Asset-Manager dabei, Entscheidungen über zukünftige Investitionen in das Kabelnetz zu objektivieren.
The Impact of the Meningococcal Serogroup C Conjugate Vaccine in Canada Between 2002 and 2012
Creators: name: Sadarangani, Manish
name: Scheifele, David W.
name: Halperin, Scott A.
name: Vaudry, Wendy
name: Le Saux, Nicole
name: Tsang, Raymond
name: Bettinger, Julie A.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Background. Before 2001, the incidence of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in Canada was 1.0 per 100 000 per year, with 40% of cases caused by serogroup C organisms. During 2001–2005 all provinces introduced the meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine (MCCV) into their routine infant immunization schedule. Methods. Active, prospective, population-based surveillance of IMD in children and adults was conducted by the Canadian Immunization Monitoring Program, ACTive (IMPACT) during 2002–2012. Inclusion criteria were admission to hospital and identification of Neisseria meningitidis from a sterile site. Incidence was estimated using population census data from Statistics Canada. Results. Prior to MCCV introduction, serogroup C disease incidence was 0.07–0.25 per 100 000 per year depending on the province. Following vaccine introduction, serogroup C disease decreased to <0.05 per 100 000 per year, with a reduction of 14% per year (P = .0014). A decrease occurred in all provinces, despite differing schedules being implemented. The largest decrease of 83% (from 0.27 to 0.05 per 100 000 per year) occurred in the 15–24 year age group (P = .0100) who were not vaccinated in all provinces. There was no impact on the incidence of nonserogroup C disease over the same period (P = .9811). Conclusions. MCCV dramatically reduced the incidence of serogroup C IMD in Canada through both direct and indirect effects. The observation that disease incidence decreased with different schedules suggests that the doses at 12 months (common to all provinces) and adolescence (7 of 8 provinces studied) were critical in achieving disease control.
Change Point Detection of Events in Molecular Simulations using dupin
Creators: name: Butler, Brandon L.
name: Fijan, Domagoj
name: Glotzer, Sharon C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle tracking is commonly used to study time-dependent behavior in many different types of physical and chemical systems involving constituents that span many length scales, including atoms, molecules, nanoparticles, granular particles, etc. Behaviors of interest studied using particle tracking information include disorder-order transitions, thermodynamic phase transitions, structural transitions, protein folding, crystallization, gelation, swarming, avalanches and fracture. A common challenge in studies of these systems involves change detection. Change point detection discerns when a temporal signal undergoes a change in distribution. These changes can be local or global, instantaneous or prolonged, obvious or subtle. Moreover, system-wide changes marking an interesting physical or chemical phenomenon (e.g. crystallization) are often preceded by events (e.g. pre-nucleation clusters) that are localized and can occur anywhere at anytime in the system. For these reasons, detecting events in particle trajectories generated by molecular simulation is challenging and typically accomplished via ad hoc solutions unique to the behavior and system under study. Consequently, methods for event detection lack generality, and those used in one field are not easily used by scientists in other fields. Here we present a new Python-based tool, dupin, that allows for event detection from particle trajectory data irrespective of the system details. dupin works by creating a signal representing the simulation and partitioning the signal based on events (changes within the trajectory). This approach allows for studies where manual annotating of event boundaries would require a prohibitive amount of time. Furthermore, dupin can serve as a tool in automated and reproducible workflows. We demonstrate the application of dupin using two examples and discuss its applicability to a wider class of problems.
Mass and Isospin Breaking Effects in the Skyrme Model and in Holographic QCD
Creators: name: Bartolini, Lorenzo
name: Bolognesi, Stefano
name: Gudnason, Sven Bjarke
name: Rainaldi, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss how the quark masses and their mass splitting affect the baryons in the Skyrme model as well as the Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto (WSS) model. In both cases baryons are described by solitonic objects, i.e. Skyrmions and instantons, respectively. After the quantization of their zeromodes the nucleons become quantum states of a rotor. We show how the quark mass affects the moment of inertia and we provide a semi-analytic approach valid in the small-mass limit. Additionally, we show how the two lightest quarks' mass splitting affects the moments of inertia of the Skyrmion and induces an isospin breaking effect. This effect turns out not to be enough to split the degeneracy in the neutron-proton multiplet, but it splits some of the states in the Delta multiplet. Unlike the basic Skyrme model, the WSS model already includes vector mesons and another mechanism to transfer isospin breaking from quark masses to the solitons is known. We compute the splitting of the moment of inertia in the small-mass limit in the WSS model and combine the two effects on the spectrum of baryons, in particular the Deltas.
description: LaTeX: 52 pages, 13 figures; V2: added comments, references and summary figures (Figs. 12 and 13)
Generalized Einstein-Rosen bridge inside black holes
Creators: name: Dokuchaev, Vyacheslav Ivanovich
name: Prokopev, Konstantin Eduardovich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the notion of Einstein-Rosen bridge by defining it as a space-like connection between two universes with regions of asymptotically minkowskian space-time infinities. The corresponding symmetry and asymmetry properties of the generalized Einstein-Rosen bridge are considered at the cases of Reissner-Nordström and Kerr metrics. We elucidate the versatility of intriguing symmetry and asymmetry phenomena outside and inside black holes. For description of the test particle (planet and photon) motion it is used the Kerr-Newman metric of the rotating and electrically charged black hole. In particular, it is demonstrated the symmetry and asymmetry of the one-way Einstein-Rosen bridge inside black hole toward and through the plethora of endless and infinite universes.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, corrected typos, published version
NICER views moderate, strong, and extreme photospheric expansion bursts from the ultracompact X-ray binary 4U 1820$-$30
Creators: name: Yu, Wenhui
name: Li, Zhaosheng
name: Lu, Yongqi
name: Pan, Yuanyue
name: Yang, Xuejuan
name: Chen, Yupeng
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Falanga, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type I X-ray bursts in the ultracompact X-ray binary 4U 1820$-$30 are powered by the unstable thermonuclear burning of hydrogen-deficient material. We report the detection of 15 type I X-ray bursts from 4U 1820$-$30 observed by NICER in between 2017 and 2023. All these bursts occurred in the low state for the persistent flux in the range of $2.5-8\times10^{-9}~{\rm erg~s^{-1}~cm^{-2}}$ in 0.1$-$250 keV. The burst spectra during the tail can be well explained by blackbody model. However, for the first $\sim$5 s after the burst onset, the time-resolved spectra showed strong deviations from the blackbody model. The significant improvement of the fit can be obtained by taking into account of the enhanced persistent emission due to the Poynting-Robterson drag, the extra emission modelled by another blackbody component or by the reflection from the surrounding accretion disk. The reflection model provides a self-consistent and physically motivated explanation. We find that the accretion disk density changed with 0.5 s delay as response to the burst radiation, which indicates the distortion of the accretion disk during X-ray bursts. From the time-resolved spectroscopy, all bursts showed the characteristic of photospheric radius expansion (PRE). We find one superexpansion burst with the extreme photospheric radius $r_{\rm ph}>10^3$ km and blackbody temperature of $\sim 0.2$ keV, thirteen strong PRE bursts for $r_{\rm ph}>10^2$ km, and one moderate PRE burst for $r_{\rm ph}\sim55$ km.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables. It matches the published version in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Engaging activist communities
Creators: name: Galloway, Chris
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: In the normal run of government, community engagement can encompass a wide range of day-to-day activities, from inviting submissions about revamping a city library to seeking citizen input on a strategic plan, Yet from time to time, controversial issues arise which demand more than conventional approaches to engagement. Such issues see the formation of 'activist communities' within the larger community. These groups demand either that certain types of actions be taken---or, in some cases, not be taken. In such cases new approaches to engagement need to be implemented if governments are to meet a goal of operating in a participative manner. These approaches include a strategy for engaging with media, dialogue with the activist communities, willingness to adopt a 'mutual gains' negotiation policy, communication with the uninvolved (but not uninterested) community at large and building organisational protocols to ensure policy decisions are made and where necessary reviewed in a consistent manner. Successful implementation of these approaches requires prior planning, including the creation of community networks which can facilitate the early identification of issues that may lead to the formation of activist communities. The necessary planning should involve discussion and agreement on the roles and responsibilities of government leaders in engaging with activist communities. The desired outcome of this engagement is not a consensus on the issue itself, as this may be unrealistic. It should, however, be a shared perception by the activist communities that their engagement with government is appropriate, inclusive and open.
Effectiveness of the standard and an alternative set of Streptococcus pneumoniae multi locus sequence typing primers
Creators: name: Adamiak, Paul
name: Vanderkooi, Otto G.
name: Kellner, James D.
name: Schryvers, Anthony B.
name: Bettinger, Julie A.
name: Alcantara, Joenel
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Background: Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) is a portable, broadly applicable method for classifying bacterial isolates at an intra-species level. This methodology provides clinical and scientific investigators with a standardized means of monitoring evolution within bacterial populations. MLST uses the DNA sequences from a set of genes such that each unique combination of sequences defines an isolate’s sequence type. In order to reliably determine the sequence of a typing gene, matching sequence reads for both strands of the gene must be obtained. This study assesses the ability of both the standard, and an alternative set of, Streptococcus pneumoniae MLST primers to completely sequence, in both directions, the required typing alleles. Results: The results demonstrated that for five (aroE, recP, spi, xpt, ddl) of the seven S. pneumoniae typing alleles, the standard primers were unable to obtain the complete forward and reverse sequences. This is due to the standard primers annealing too closely to the target regions, and current sequencing technology failing to sequence the bases that are too close to the primer. The alternative primer set described here, which includes a combination of primers proposed by the CDC and several designed as part of this study, addresses this limitation by annealing to highly conserved segments further from the target region. This primer set was subsequently employed to sequence type 105 S. pneumoniae isolates collected by the Canadian Immunization Monitoring Program ACTive (IMPACT) over a period of 18 years. Conclusions: The inability of several of the standard S. pneumoniae MLST primers to fully sequence the required region was consistently observed and is the result of a shift in sequencing technology occurring after the original primers were designed. The results presented here introduce clear documentation describing this phenomenon into the literature, and provide additional guidance, through the introduction of a widely validated set of alternative primers, to research groups seeking to undertake S. pneumoniae MLST based studies.
title: Satzung zur Änderung der Besonderen Bestimmungen der Prüfungsordnung für den Masterstudiengang „Kultur und Gesellschaft“ für das Fach Digital Humanities der Fakultät für Kulturwissenschaften an der Universität Paderborn
title: vom 20. Mai 2020
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Universität Paderborn
Publisher: name: UB-PAD - Paderborn University Library
Year: 2020

description: Amtliche Mitteilungen / Universität Paderborn
Galaxy-galaxy lensing data: $f(T)$ gravity challenges General Relativity
Creators: name: Wang, Qingqing
name: Ren, Xin
name: Wang, Bo
name: Cai, Yi-Fu
name: Luo, Wentao
name: Saridakis, Emmanuel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use galaxy-galaxy lensing data to test General Relativity and $f(T)$ gravity at galaxies scales. We consider an exact spherically symmetric solution of $f(T)$ theory which is obtained from an approximate quadratic correction, and thus it is expected to hold for every realistic deviation from General Relativity. Quantifying the deviation by a single parameter $Q$, and following the post-Newtonian approximation, we obtain the corresponding deviation in the gravitational potential, shear component, and effective excess surface density profile. We used five stellar mass samples and divided them into blue and red to test the model dependence on galaxy color, and we modeled the excess surface density (ESD) profiles using the Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW) profiles. Based on the group catalog from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7 (SDSS DR7) we finally extract $Q=-2.138^{+0.952}_{-0.516}\times 10^{-5}\,$Mpc$^{-2}$ at $1σ$ confidence. This result indicates that $f(T)$ corrections on top of General Relativity are favored. Finally, we apply information criteria, such as the AIC and BIC ones, and although the dependence of $f(T)$ gravity on the off-center effect implies that its optimality needs to be carefully studied, our analysis shows that $f(T)$ gravity is more efficient in fitting the data comparing to General Relativity and $Λ$CDM paradigm, and thus it offers a challenge to the latter.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Photon liquefaction in time
Creators: name: Casalengua, Eduardo Zubizarreta
name: del Valle, Elena
name: Laussy, Fabrice P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a mechanism to imprint local temporal correlations in photon streams which have the same character as spatial correlations in liquids. Usual single-photon emitters correspond, in this picture, to a (temporal) gas while uncorrelated light is the ideal gas. We argue that good single-photon sources are those that exhibit such temporal liquid features, i.e., with a plateau for their short-time correlations (as opposed to a linear dependence) and oscillations at later times, which is a direct manifestation of photon time-ordering. We obtain general, closed-form analytical expressions for the second-order coherence function of a broad family of "liquid light" which can be arbitrarily correlated, though never completely crystallized.
description: Pre-submission version welcoming comments, missing references, etc
On the Prospects of Incorporating Large Language Models (LLMs) in Automated Planning and Scheduling (APS)
Creators: name: Pallagani, Vishal
name: Roy, Kaushik
name: Muppasani, Bharath
name: Fabiano, Francesco
name: Loreggia, Andrea
name: Murugesan, Keerthiram
name: Srivastava, Biplav
name: Rossi, Francesca
name: Horesh, Lior
name: Sheth, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automated Planning and Scheduling is among the growing areas in Artificial Intelligence (AI) where mention of LLMs has gained popularity. Based on a comprehensive review of 126 papers, this paper investigates eight categories based on the unique applications of LLMs in addressing various aspects of planning problems: language translation, plan generation, model construction, multi-agent planning, interactive planning, heuristics optimization, tool integration, and brain-inspired planning. For each category, we articulate the issues considered and existing gaps. A critical insight resulting from our review is that the true potential of LLMs unfolds when they are integrated with traditional symbolic planners, pointing towards a promising neuro-symbolic approach. This approach effectively combines the generative aspects of LLMs with the precision of classical planning methods. By synthesizing insights from existing literature, we underline the potential of this integration to address complex planning challenges. Our goal is to encourage the ICAPS community to recognize the complementary strengths of LLMs and symbolic planners, advocating for a direction in automated planning that leverages these synergistic capabilities to develop more advanced and intelligent planning systems.
Probing Inert Triplet Model at a multi-TeV muon collider via vector boson fusion with forward muon tagging
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Priyotosh
name: Parashar, Snehashis
name: Sen, Chandrima
name: Song, Jeonghyeon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study investigates the potential of a multi-TeV Muon Collider (MuC) for probing the Inert Triplet Model (ITM), which introduces a triplet scalar field with hypercharge $Y=0$ to the Standard Model. The ITM stands out as a compelling Beyond the Standard Model scenario, featuring a neutral triplet $T^0$ and charged triplets $T^\pm$. Notably, $T^0$ is posited as a dark matter (DM) candidate, being odd under a $Z_2$ symmetry. Rigorous evaluations against theoretical, collider, and DM experimental constraints corner the triplet scalar mass to a narrow TeV-scale region, within which three benchmark points are identified, with $T^\pm$ masses of 1.21 TeV, 1.68 TeV, and 3.86 TeV, for the collider study. The ITM's unique $TTVV$ four-point vertex, differing from fermionic DM models, facilitates efficient pair production through Vector Boson Fusion (VBF). This characteristic positions the MuC as an ideal platform for exploring the ITM, particularly due to the enhanced VBF cross-sections at high collision energies. To address the challenge of the soft decay products of $T^\pm$ resulting from the narrow mass gap between $T^\pm$ and $T^0$, we propose using Disappearing Charged Tracks (DCTs) from $T^\pm$ and Forward muons as key signatures. We provide event counts for these signatures at MuC energies of 6 TeV and 10 TeV, with respective luminosities of 4 ab$^{-1}$ and 10 ab$^{-1}$. Despite the challenge of beam-induced backgrounds contaminating the signal, we demonstrate that our proposed final states enable the MuC to achieve a $5σ$ discovery for the identified benchmark points, particularly highlighting the effectiveness of the final state with one DCT and one Forward muon.
description: Published version
Knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviours of older adults about pneumococcal immunization, a Public Health Agency of Canada/Canadian Institutes of Health Research Influenza Research Network (PCIRN) investigation
Creators: name: Schneeberg, Amy
name: Bettinger, Julie A.
name: McNeil, Shelly
name: Ward, Brian J.
name: Dionne, Marc
name: Cooper, Curtis
name: Coleman, Brenda
name: Loeb, Mark
name: Rubinstein, Ethan
name: McElhaney, Janet E
name: Scheifele, David W.
name: Halperin, Scott A.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Background: Fewer Canadian seniors are vaccinated against pneumococcal disease than receive the influenza vaccine annually. Improved understanding of factors influencing pneumococcal vaccination among older adults is needed to improve vaccine uptake. Methods: A self-administered survey measuring knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and behaviours about pneumococcal vaccination was administered to a cohort of seniors participating in a clinical trial of seasonal influenza vaccines at eight centers across Canada. Eligible participants were ambulatory adults 65 years of age or older, in good health or with stable health conditions, previously given influenza vaccine. The primary outcome was self-reported receipt of pneumococcal vaccination. Multi-variable logistic regression was used to determine factors significantly associated with pneumococcal vaccine receipt. Results: A total of 863 participants completed questionnaires (response rate 92%); 58% indicated they had received the pneumococcal vaccine. Being offered the vaccine by a health care provider had the strongest relationship with vaccine receipt (AOR 23.4 (95% CI 13.4-40.7)). Other variables that remained significantly associated with vaccine receipt in the multivariable model included having heard of the vaccine (AOR 10.1(95% CI 4.7-21.7)), and strongly agreeing that it is important for adults > 65 to be vaccinated against pneumococcus (AOR 3.3 (95% CI 1.2-9.2)). Participants who were < 70 years of age were less likely to be vaccinated. Conclusions: These results indicate healthcare recommendation significantly influenced vaccine uptake in this population of older adults. Measures to encourage healthcare providers to offer the vaccine may help increase coverage.