cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficiency under a Combination of Ordinal and Cardinal Information on Preferences
Creators: name: Athanassoglou, Stergios
name: Athanassoglou, Stergios
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Random Assignment
subject: Efficiency
subject: Duality
subject: Linear Programming

description: Consider a collection of m indivisible objects to be allocated to n agents, where m ≥ n. Each agent falls in one of two distinct categories: either he (a) has a complete ordinal ranking over the set of individual objects, or (b) has a set of “plausible” benchmark von Neumann-Morgenstern (vNM) utility functions in whose non-negative span his “true” utility is known to lie. An allocation is undominated if there does not exist a preference-compatible profile of vNM utilities at which it is Pareto dominated by another feasible allocation. Given an undominated allocation, we use the tools of linear duality theory to construct a profile of vNM utilities at which it is ex-ante welfare maximizing. A finite set of preference-compatible vNM utility profiles is exhibited such that every undominated allocation is ex-ante welfare maximizing with respect to at least one of them. Given an arbitrary allocation, we provide an interpretation of the constructed vNM utilities as subgradients of a function which measures worst-case domination.
description: Replaced with a revised version of paper 10/05/11.
Maximum entropy and the problem of moments: A stable algorithm
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, K.
name: Bhattacharya, A. K.
name: Biswas, Parthapratim
name: Drabold, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a technique for entropy optimization to calculate a distribution from its moments. The technique is based upon maximizing a discretized form of the Shannon entropy functional by mapping the problem onto a dual space where an optimal solution can be constructed iteratively. We demonstrate the performance and stability of our algorithm with several tests on numerically difficult functions. We then consider an electronic structure application, the electronic density of states of amorphous silica and study the convergence of Fermi level with increasing number of moments.
description: 4 pages including 3 figures
The Value of Terroir: Hedonic Estimation of Vineyard Sale Prices
Creators: name: Cross, Robin M.
name: Plantinga, Andrew J.
name: Stavins, Robert N.
name: Cross, Robin M.
name: Plantinga, Andrew J.
name: Stavins, Robert N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Wine
subject: Vineyard
subject: Hedonic Price Analysis

description: We examine the value of terroir, which refers to the special characteristics of a place that impart unique qualities to the wine produced. We do this by conducting a hedonic analysis of vineyard sales in the Willamette Valley of Oregon to ascertain whether site attributes, such as slope, aspect, elevation, and soil types, or designated appellations are more important determinants of price. We find that prices are strongly determined by sub-AVA appellation designations, but not by specific site attributes. These results indicate that the concept of terroir matters economically, although the reality of terroir – as proxied for by locational attributes – is not significant.
BS4NN: Binarized Spiking Neural Networks with Temporal Coding and Learning
Creators: name: Kheradpisheh, Saeed Reza
name: Mirsadeghi, Maryam
name: Masquelier, Timothée
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We recently proposed the S4NN algorithm, essentially an adaptation of backpropagation to multilayer spiking neural networks that use simple non-leaky integrate-and-fire neurons and a form of temporal coding known as time-to-first-spike coding. With this coding scheme, neurons fire at most once per stimulus, but the firing order carries information. Here, we introduce BS4NN, a modification of S4NN in which the synaptic weights are constrained to be binary (+1 or -1), in order to decrease memory (ideally, one bit per synapse) and computation footprints. This was done using two sets of weights: firstly, real-valued weights, updated by gradient descent, and used in the backward pass of backpropagation, and secondly, their signs, used in the forward pass. Similar strategies have been used to train (non-spiking) binarized neural networks. The main difference is that BS4NN operates in the time domain: spikes are propagated sequentially, and different neurons may reach their threshold at different times, which increases computational power. We validated BS4NN on two popular benchmarks, MNIST and Fashion-MNIST, and obtained reasonable accuracies for this sort of network (97.0% and 87.3% respectively) with a negligible accuracy drop with respect to real-valued weights (0.4% and 0.7%, respectively). We also demonstrated that BS4NN outperforms a simple BNN with the same architectures on those two datasets (by 0.2% and 0.9% respectively), presumably because it leverages the temporal dimension. The source codes of the proposed BS4NN are publicly available at https://github.com/SRKH/BS4NN.
Contracting for Impure Public Goods: Carbon Offsets and Additionality
Creators: name: Mason, Charles F.
name: Plantinga, Andrew J.
name: Mason, Charles F.
name: Plantinga, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Carbon Sequestration
subject: Incentive Contracting
subject: Offsets
subject: Additionality

description: Governments contracting with private agents for the provision of an impure public good must contend with agents who would potentially supply the good absent any payments. This additionality problem is centrally important in the use of carbon offsets as part of climate change mitigation. Analyzing optimal contracts for forest carbon sequestration, an important offset category, we conduct a national-scale simulation using results from an econometric model of land-use change. The results indicate that for an increase in forest area of 50 million acres, annual government expenditures with optimal contracts are about $4 billion lower compared than under a uniform subsidy.
Additional file 2 of Exploiting geometric similarity for statistical quantification of fluorescence spatial patterns in bacterial colonies
Creators: name: Espeso, David R.
name: Algar, Elena
name: Martínez-García, Esteban
name: Lorenzo, Víctor De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2. Normalized fluorescence profiles for a XZ section (Y=0 plane) of monitored promoter (M), positive control (C+) and negative control (C-)
Optimal Emission Policy under the Risk of Irreversible Pollution
Creators: name: Ayong Le Kama, Alain
name: Pommeret, Aude
name: Prieur, Fabien
name: Ayong Le Kama, Alain
name: Pommeret, Aude
name: Prieur, Fabien
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Optimal Control
subject: Irreversibility Threshold
subject: Uncertainty
subject: Optimal Reversible
subject: Irreversible Policy

description: We consider an optimal consumption and pollution problem that has two important features. Environmental damages due to economic activities may be irreversible and the level at which the degradation becomes irreversible is unknown. Particular attention is paid to the situation where agents are relatively impatient and/or do not care a lot about the environment and/or Nature regenerates at low rate. We show that the optimal policy of the uncertain problem drives the economy in the long run toward a steady state while, when ignoring irreversibility, the economy follows a balanced growth path accompanied by a perpetual decrease in environmental quality and consumption, both asymptotically converging toward zero. Therefore, accounting for the risk of irreversibility induces more conservative decisions regarding consumption and polluting emissions. In general, however, we cannot rule out situations where the economy will optimally follow an irreversible path and consequently, will also be left, in the long run, with an irreversibly degraded environment.
UAM Adulthood – Former unaccompanied minors and the transition to adulthood: Perspectives and insights from the lived experience in Finland (MSCA Research Plan)
Creators: name: Macaulay, Luke
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: transition to adulthood
unaccompanied minors
youth
Finland
voice centred relational methodology (VCRM)
pronoun poems
arts-based methods
participatory paradigm

description: This document offers a detailed research plan and overview of the Horizon Europe Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions project entitled: Former unaccompanied minors and the transition to adulthood: Perspectives and insights from the lived experience in Finland.
How CO2 Capture and Storage Can Mitigate Carbon Leakage
Creators: name: Quirion, Philippe
name: Rozenberg, Julie
name: Sassi, Olivier
name: Vogt-Schilb, Adrien
name: Quirion, Philippe
name: Rozenberg, Julie
name: Sassi, Olivier
name: Vogt-Schilb, Adrien
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: CO2 Capture and Storage
subject: Carbon Leakage

description: Most CO2 abatement policies reduce the demand for fossil fuels and therefore their price in international markets. If these policies are not global, this price decrease raises emissions in countries without CO2 abatement policies, generating “carbon leakage”. On the other hand, if the countries which abate CO2 emissions are net fossil fuel importers, they benefit from this price decrease, which reduces the abatement cost. In contrast, CO2 capture and storage (CCS) does not reduce fossil fuel demand, therefore it generates neither this type of leakage nor this negative feedback on abatement costs. We quantify these effects with the global hybrid general equilibrium model Imaclim-R and show that they are quantitatively important. Indeed, for a given unilateral abatement in OECD countries, leakage is more than halved in a scenario with CCS included among the abatement options, compared to a scenario prohibiting CCS. We show that the main reason for this difference in leakage is the above-mentioned international fossil fuel price feedback. This article does not intend to assess the desirability of CCS, which has many other pros and cons. It just identifies a consequence of CCS that should be taken into account, together with many others, when deciding to what extent CCS should be developed.
Persistence and dynamics in ANNNI chain
Creators: name: Sen, Parongama
name: Dasgupta, Subinay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate both the local and global persistence behaviour in ANNNI (axial next-nearest neighour Ising) model. We find that when the ratio $κ$ of the second neighbour interaction to the first neighbour interaction is less than 1, $P(t)$, the probability of a spin to remain in its original state upto time $t$ shows a stretched exponential decay. For $κ> 1$, $P(t)$ has a algebraic decay but the exponent is different from that of the nearest neighbour Ising model. The global persistence behaviour shows similar features. We also conduct some deeper investigations in the dynamics of the ANNNI model and conclude that it has a different dynamical behaviour compared to the nearest neighbour Ising model.
description: To appear in Journal of Physics A
Additional file 1 of MAUDE: inferring expression changes in sorting-based CRISPR screens
Creators: name: Boer, Carl G. De
name: Ray, John P.
name: Hacohen, Nir
name: Regev, Aviv
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Review history.
Examining UBC anti-racist pedagogy as it pertains to First Nations curricular content : caring for the vulnerable student
Creators: name: Avraham, Chavah S.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Existing research on institutional racism focuses on identifying the problem, not on responses to it. The purpose of this research is to determine what is being done by instructors at the University of British Columbia to respond to racism embedded in the curriculum. Interviews were conducted with ten instructors in the Faculty of Arts undergraduate program in the Departments of Anthropology & Sociology, History, and the First Nations Studies Program. The study inquires into the techniques developed to respond to embedded racism and how both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal students are prepared to read and deconstruct these materials. The participants were selected based on their reputations as excellent educators who are proactive in dealing with equity issues. The data indicates that instructors use anti-racist pedagogical techniques, specifically: creating a safe classroom environment where all students feel comfortable participating and challenging the content; using "self as the subject to connect concepts with lived experience and normalize those experiences without placing students in the position of representing their group; employing First Nations voice in the form of guest speakers, scholarly materials, and when appropriate, the students themselves; using a historical perspective in order to connect present day attitudes, policies and contexts with their roots in the past and to illuminate the intersections of events from past to present with social inequality and racism; teaching from a First Nations perspective or explaining it in comparison to Western perspective to legitimate Aboriginal ways of knowing and provide non-Aboriginal students with a fresh point of view. It was also determined that excellent teaching is not adequately rewarded, discouraging educators from taking the risks that are inherent in adopting new approaches and anti-racist pedagogical techniques.
A discrete chemo-dynamical model of M87's globular clusters: Kinematics extending to ~ 400 kpc
Creators: name: Li, Chao
name: Zhu, Ling
name: Long, R. J.
name: Mao, Shude
name: Peng, Eric W.
name: Sarzi, Marc
name: van de Ven, Glenn
name: Zhang, Hongxin
name: Guo, Rui
name: Xue, Xiangxiang
name: Longobardi, Alessia
name: Côté, Patrick
name: Ferrarese, Laura
name: Liu, Chengze
name: Gwyn, Stephen
name: Lim, Sungsoon
name: Ko, Youkyung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the mass distribution and kinematics of the giant elliptical galaxy M87 (NGC 4486) using discrete chemo-dynamical, axisymmetric Jeans equation modelling. Our catalogue comprises 894 globular clusters (GCs) extending to a projected radius of $\sim 430$ kpc with line-of-sight velocities and colours, and Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) integral field unit data within the central $2.4$ kpc of the main galaxy. The gravitational potential for our models is a combination of a luminous matter potential with a varying mass-to-light ratio for the main galaxy, a supermassive black hole and a dark matter (DM) potential with a cusped or cored DM halo. The best-fitting models with either a cusped or a cored DM halo show no significant differences and both are acceptable. We obtain a total mass of $(2.16 \pm 0.38) \times 10^{13} M_{\odot}$ within $\sim$ 400 kpc. By including the stellar mass-to-light ratio gradient, the DM fraction increases from $\sim$ 26 percent (with no gradient) to $\sim$ 73 percent within $1\,R_e^{\rm maj}$ (major axis of half-light isophote, 14.2 kpc), and from $\sim$ 84 percent to $\sim$ 94 percent within $5\,R_e^{\rm maj}$ (71.2 kpc). Red GCs have moderate rotation with $V_{\rm max}/σ\sim$ 0.4, and blue GCs have weak rotation with $V_{\rm max}/σ\sim$ 0.1. Red GCs have tangential velocity dispersion anisotropy, while blue GCs are consistent with being nearly isotropic. Our results suggest that red GCs are more likely to be born in-situ, while blue GCs are more likely to be accreted.
New BeppoSAX-WFC results on superbursts
Creators: name: Zand, J. J. M. in 't
name: Cornelisse, R.
name: Kuulkers, E.
name: Verbunt, F.
name: Heise, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Presently seven superbursters have been identified representing 10% of the total Galactic X-ray burster population. Four superbursters were discovered with the Wide Field Cameras (WFCs) on BeppoSAX and three with the All-Sky Monitor and Proportional Counter Array on RXTE. We discuss the properties of superbursters as derived from WFC observations. There are two interesting conclusions. First, the average recurrence time of superbursts among X-ray bursters that are more luminous than 10% of the Eddington limit is 1.5 yr per object. Second, superbursters systematically have higher alpha values and shorter ordinary bursts than most bursters that have not exhibited superbursts, indicating a higher level of stable thermonuclear helium burning. Theory predicts hitherto undetected superbursts from the most luminous neutron stars. We investigate the prospects for finding these in GX~17+2.
description: Submitted in January 2004 for the Proceedings of the meeting 'X-Ray Timing 2003: Rossi and Beyond', eds. P. Kaaret, F. K. Lamb, & J. H. Swank (Melville, NY: American Institute of Physics)
Multi-Resolution Beta-Divergence NMF for Blind Spectral Unmixing
Creators: name: Leplat, Valentin
name: Gillis, Nicolas
name: Févotte, Cédric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many datasets are obtained as a resolution trade-off between two adversarial dimensions; for example between the frequency and the temporal resolutions for the spectrogram of an audio signal, and between the number of wavelengths and the spatial resolution for a hyper/multi-spectral image. To perform blind source separation using observations with different resolutions, a standard approach is to use coupled nonnegative matrix factorizations (NMF). Most previous works have focused on the least squares error measure, which is the $β$-divergence for $β= 2$. In this paper, we formulate this multi-resolution NMF problem for any $β$-divergence, and propose an algorithm based on multiplicative updates (MU). We show on numerical experiments that the MU are able to obtain high resolutions in both dimensions on two applications: (1) blind unmixing of audio spectrograms: to the best of our knowledge, this is the first time a coupled NMF model is used in this context, and (2) the fusion of hyperspectral and multispectral images: we show that the MU compete favorable with state-of-the-art algorithms in particular in the presence of non-Gaussian noise.
description: We have added numerical experiments for the case beta=0, for the Cuprite data set. Paper accepted in Signal Processing
Continuum model for polymers with finite thickness
Creators: name: Marenduzzo, D.
name: Micheletti, C.
name: Seyed-allaei, H.
name: Trovato, A.
name: Maritan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the continuum limit of a recently-introduced model for discretized thick polymers, or tubes. We address both analytically and numerically how the polymer thickness influences the decay of tangent-tangent correlations and find how the persistence length scales with the thickness and the torsional rigidity of the tube centerline. At variance with the worm-like chain model, the phase diagram that we obtain for a continuous tube is richer; in particular, for a given polymer thickness there exists a threshold value for the centerline torsional rigidity separating a simple exponential decay of the tangent-tangent correlation from an oscillatory one.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in J. Phys. A
Cross-shell excitations in doubly magic 132Sn and its nearest neighbours
Creators: name: Das, Sangeeta
name: Sarkar, M. Saha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large scale shell model calculations have been performed to study the excitation spectra of 132Sn and its nearest neighbours with a new cross-shell interaction constructed from two widely used interactions, sn100pn and CWG, of this mass region. A few of the two-body matrix elements have been tuned to reproduce the low-lying multiplet states of 132Sn. This is the first full scale shell model study of 132Sn energy spectra as well as transition probabilities. The excitation spectra for other nearest neighbours are reproduced reasonably well. The most important observable calculated are the E1 transition probabilities, which were so far beyond the scope of calculations with the existing interactions.
description: 13 Pages, 12 figures
Energy and Climate Change in China
Creators: name: Carraro, Carlo
name: Massetti, Emanuele
name: Carraro, Carlo
name: Massetti, Emanuele
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Climate Change
subject: China
subject: Energy Efficiency
subject: Energy and Development

description: The paper examines future energy and emissions scenarios in China, presenting historical data and scenarios generated using the Integrated Assessment Model WITCH. A Business-as-Usual scenario is compared with four scenarios in which Greenhouse Gases emissions are taxed, at different levels. Key insights are provided to evaluate the Chinese pledge to reduce the emissions intensity of Gross Domestic Product by 40/45 percent in 2020 contained in the Copenhagen Accord. Marginal and total abatement costs are discussed using the OECD economies as a term of comparison. Cost estimates for different emissions reduction targets are used to assess the political feasibility of the 50 percent global reduction target set by the G8 and Major Economies Forum in July 2009.
Additional file 1 of Healthcare system inputs and patient-reported outcomes: a study in adults with congenital heart defect from 15 countries
Creators: name: Liesbet Van Bulck
name: Goossens, Eva
name: Luyckx, Koen
name: Apers, Silke
name: Oechslin, Erwin
name: Thomet, Corina
name: Budts, Werner
name: Enomoto, Junko
name: Sluman, Maayke A.
name: Lu, Chun-Wei
name: Jackson, Jamie L.
name: Khairy, Paul
name: Cook, Stephen C.
name: Shanthi Chidambarathanu
name: Alday, Luis
name: Eriksen, Katrine
name: Dellborg, Mikael
name: Berghammer, Malin
name: Johansson, Bengt
name: Mackie, Andrew S.
name: Menahem, Samuel
name: Caruana, Maryanne
name: Gruschen Veldtman
name: Soufi, Alexandra
name: Fernandes, Susan M.
name: White, Kamila
name: Callus, Edward
name: Kutty, Shelby
name: Moons, Philip
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Overview of variables and measurements. Table S2. Detailed overview of the healthcare system inputs and other healthcare system characteristics of countries included in APPROACH-IS. Figure S1. Andersen behavioral model of health services use, sixth revision (Reproduced from [13]). Permission to reuse figure was obtained from John Wiley and Sons. Figure S2. Mean and standard deviation of patient-reported outcomes in 3588 adults with congenital heart disease.
In search of a democratic participation structure for the adult ESL classroom
Creators: name: McLeod, Morna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis describes an action research study into the viability of creating a democratic participation structure in an adult ESL classroom. While critical pedagogy has provided a framework for critiquing power relations within the classroom, more recent sociocultural perspectives on learning help to reconceptualize notions of participation, and feminist theories of democracy help to account for recognition of difference and inclusion. Working at this theoretical nexus, the teacher invited 14 advanced-level students to take increased responsibility for planning and carrying out classroom projects' that made up a substantial part of their course. She also asked the students to act as co-researchers in an investigation of classroom processes, beginning with the question of whether increased student participation alone would strengthen democracy in the classroom. Data was collected from teacher's field notes, student journals and taped student-student interviews. The findings of the study indicate a wide variety of conceptions of both democracy and difference co-existing in the classroom. Based on these findings, the author concludes that a workable democratic participation structure for an adult classroom relies on three criteria: a model of inclusive communication that maximizes participation; a recognition of difference that does not assume consensus as its ultimate goal; and flexible roles for teacher and students. Though these factors may be present only in particular moments and interactions, striving for them not only creates more ethical classroom relationships but creates more learning opportunities for both students and teachers.
Effective Environmental Protection in the Context of Government Decentralization
Creators: name: Zhang, ZhongXiang
name: Zhang, ZhongXiang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Effective Environmental Protection
subject: Incentive Structure
subject: Economic Instruments
subject: Industrial Policy
subject: Financial Institutions
subject: Government Decentralization
subject: China

description: China has shifted control over resources and decision making to local governments and enterprises as the result of the economic reforms over the past three decades. This devolution of decision-making to local levels and enterprises has placed environmental stewardship in the hands of local officials and polluting enterprises who are more concerned with economic growth and profits than the environment. Therefore, effective environmental protection needs their full cooperation. Against this background, this paper discusses a variety of tactics that China’s central government has been using to incentivize local governments, and a number of market-based instruments, supporting economic policies, environmental performance ratings and disclosure and cooperation with financial institutions to promote long-lasting, improved corporate energy-saving and environmental performance. It concludes that there is a clear need to carefully examine those objective and subjective factors that lead to the lack of local official’s cooperation on the environment, and provides some suggestions for appropriated incentives to get their cooperation.
Forecasting Election Polls with Spin Systems
Creators: name: Ibarrondo, Ruben
name: Sanz, Mikel
name: Orus, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the problem of political forecasting, i.e, predicting the result of elections and referendums, can be mapped to finding the ground state configuration of a classical spin system. Depending on the required prediction, this spin system can be a combination of XY, Ising and vector Potts models, always with two-spin interactions, magnetic fields, and on arbitrary graphs. By reduction to the Ising model our result shows that political forecasting is formally an NP-Hard problem. Moreover, we show that the ground state search can be recasted as Higher-order and Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (HUBO / QUBO) Problems, which are the standard input of classical and quantum combinatorial optimization techniques. We prove the validity of our approach by performing a numerical experiment based on data gathered from Twitter for a network of 10 people, finding good agreement between results from a poll and those predicted by our model. In general terms, our method can also be understood as a trend detection algorithm, particularly useful in the contexts of sentiment analysis and identification of fake news.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, revised version
Impacts of the European Union Tariff On the Florida Price for Grapefruit Juice
Creators: name: Brown, Mark G.
name: Brown, Mark G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: European Union
subject: tariff
subject: grapefruit juice price

description: GJ exports account for a major part of Florida as well as U.S. GJ sales, accounting for 41.5% and 36.9% of total Florida GJ sales in 2008-09 and 2009-10. The largest export market in many of the recent years has been the EU. The EU imposes a 12% ad valorem tariff on GJ imports, resulting in a higher price for GJ there and a lower volume demanded than would be expected otherwise. Based on the analysis of this study, it is estimated that removal of the EU tariff would result in increased sales of GJ in the EU, benefitting consumers in Europe, and a higher price for Florida growers. The Florida grower price and annual revenue were estimated to increase by $.06 per SSE gallon and $3.6 million, respectively, if the EU tariff were removed.
Demand for OJ, by Product Form, in a Conditional Demand System for Beverages, and Sensitivity of Product Forms to Supply
Creators: name: Brown, Mark G.
name: Brown, Mark G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: conditional demand system
subject: beverage
subject: supply

description: Demands for orange juice by product form are estimated, and own- and cross-price elasticity estimates are used to examine how supply changes impact retail prices and quantity sales, by form.
High resolution X-ray spectrum of the accreting binary X-ray pulsar GX 1+4
Creators: name: Paul, B.
name: Dotani, T.
name: Nagase, F.
name: Mukherjee, U.
name: Naik, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here high resolution X-ray spectrum of the accreting binary X-ray pulsar GX 1+4 obtained with the High Energy Transmission Grating (HETG) instrument of the Chandra X-ray Observatory. This was supplemented by a simultaneous observation with the Proportional Counter Array (PCA) of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE). During this observation, the source was in a somewhat low intensity state and the pulse profile with both Chandra and RXTE shows a narrow dip, characteristic of GX 1+4 in medium and low intensity states. The continuum X-ray spectrum obtained with the HETG and PCA can be fitted well with a high energy cutoff power-law model with line of sight absorption. Interestingly, we find that this low state is accompanied by a relatively small absorption column density. A 6.4 keV narrow emission line with an equivalent width of 70 eV is clearly detected in the HETG spectrum. The fluorescence iron line, or at least part of it is produced in the neutral or lowly ionized iron in the circumstellar material that also causes most of the line of sight absorption. In the HETG spectrum, we have found evidence for a weak (equivalent width ~30 eV) emission line at 6.95 keV. This line is identified as Ly_alpha emission line from hydrogen-like iron and the spectrum does not show emission lines from helium-like iron. We discuss various emission regions for the hydrogen-like iron emission line, like gas diffused into the Alfven sphere or an accretion curtain flowing from the inner accretion disk to the magnetic poles.
description: 15 pages, 4 postscript figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Estimates of FOB prices for NFC and FCOJ, and Retail-FOB Price Margin Relationships
Creators: name: Brown, Mark G.
name: Brown, Mark G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: FCOJ
subject: NFC
subject: orange juice
subject: FOB-retail price margins

description: This report provides estimates of FOB prices for FCOJ and NFC orange juices, and examines associated retail-FOB margins for these product forms.
A strategy to study the role of the charm quark in explaining the Delta{I}=1/2 rule
Creators: name: Giusti, L.
name: Hernandez, P.
name: Laine, M.
name: Weisz, P.
name: Wittig, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a strategy designed to separate several possible origins of the well-known enhancement of the Delta{I}=1/2 amplitude in non-leptonic kaon decays. In particular, we seek to disentangle the contribution of physics at the typical QCD scale (soft-gluon exchange) from the effects at the scale of the charm quark mass. This is achieved by considering QCD with an unphysically light charm quark, so that the theory possesses an approximate SU(4)_L x SU(4)_R chiral symmetry. By computing the relevant operator matrix elements and monitoring their values as the charm quark mass departs from the SU(4)-symmetric situation, the role of the charm quark can be assessed. We study the influence of the charm quark mass in Chiral Perturbation Theory. First results from lattice simulations in the SU(4)-symmetric limit are also discussed.
description: Latex, 41 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 2 of Similar response rates and survival with PARP inhibitors for patients with solid tumors harboring somatic versus Germline BRCA mutations: a Meta-analysis and systematic review
Creators: name: Mohyuddin, Ghulam Rehman
name: Aziz, Muhammad
name: Britt, Alec
name: Wade, Lee
name: Weijing Sun
name: Baranda, Joaquina
name: Al-Rajabi, Raed
name: Saeed, Anwaar
name: Kasi, Anup
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Assessment of bias risk in each study
Spectral gap of the totally asymmetric exclusion process at arbitrary filling
Creators: name: Golinelli, O.
name: Mallick, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the spectral gap of the Markov matrix of the totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (TASEP) on a ring of L sites with N particles. Our derivation is simple and self-contained and extends a previous calculation that was valid only for half-filling. We use a special property of the Bethe equations for TASEP to reformulate them as a one-body problem. Our method is closely related to the one used to derive exact large deviation functions of the TASEP.
European Demand for Orange Juice
Creators: name: Brown, Mark G.
name: Brown, Mark G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: demand
subject: orange juice
subject: Europe

description: The demand for OJ in Europe, and in particular the own-price elasticity of demand, has been difficult to estimate due to lack of good data. Europe, however, is the largest OJ market in the world (USDA, Foreign Agricultural Service), and cannot be ignored in analyzing the U.S. and Florida OJ situations, given OJ is an internationally traded commodity. Thus, estimates of the impacts of factors such as own-price on Europe’s OJ demand are critical for understanding the market. The estimates in this study, although rough, provide some guidance for the magnitude of the price response in Europe, but to keep them in perspective, they are based on a relatively small number of observations and a proxy variable, suggesting that, as more and hopefully better data become available, further research on this topic are needed.
Coupon Impacts on Orange Juice Demand Based on Time-Series and Cross-Sectional Data
Creators: name: Brown, Mark G.
name: Brown, Mark G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: coupon
subject: orange juice
subject: demand

description: A recent study by Dong and Leibtag found coupons were effective in increasing fruit and vegetable demand. The current study supports these finding for the OJ product group. The analysis focused on the informational/advertising or demand shift impact of coupons, as opposed to the price impact which could not be determined since data on prices were a weighted average for coupon users and non-users. The results indicate a 6% increase in OJ gallons sales when coupons are used. The coupon variable used in the analysis, however, measures the extent of coupon usage but not intensity. As such, the results provide a partial view of the impact of coupons and further analysis on data that also includes some measure of intensity is needed to more fully evaluate this marketing tool.
QuLBIT: Quantum-Like Bayesian Inference Technologies for Cognition and Decision
Creators: name: Moreira, Catarina
name: Hammes, Matheus
name: Kurdoglu, Rasim Serdar
name: Bruza, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper provides the foundations of a unified cognitive decision-making framework (QulBIT) which is derived from quantum theory. The main advantage of this framework is that it can cater for paradoxical and irrational human decision making. Although quantum approaches for cognition have demonstrated advantages over classical probabilistic approaches and bounded rationality models, they still lack explanatory power. To address this, we introduce a novel explanatory analysis of the decision-maker's belief space. This is achieved by exploiting quantum interference effects as a way of both quantifying and explaining the decision-maker's uncertainty. We detail the main modules of the unified framework, the explanatory analysis method, and illustrate their application in situations violating the Sure Thing Principle.
The Discovery of Q A Universal Force and Its Role in the Advancement of Human Civilization
Creators: name: Peterson, Christopher
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Laws of Physics

description: The Discovery of Q A Universal Force and Its Role in the Advancement of Human Civilization

It is imperative the ideas outlined in this document are adhered to with utmost care and consideration, the implications for the outcomes predicted by this model remain inconlusive and without further powerful experimental techniques, it would be folly to dive head first in to such a project, hence the  developement of this document and its associated controls.
Fe K emission in the ultraluminous infrared galaxy Arp220
Creators: name: Iwasawa, K.
name: Sanders, D. B.
name: Evans, A. S.
name: Trentham, N.
name: Miniutti, G.
name: Spoon, H. W. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prominent Fe K line emission is detected at around 6.7 keV in the XMM-Newton spectrum of the ultraluminous infrared galaxy Arp220. The continuum emission in the 2.5-10 keV band is flat and a few other spectral features are suggested. The large EW of the Fe K line poses a problem with interpreting the hard X-ray emission as integrated X-ray binary emission. A thermal emission spectrum with a temperature of kT~7 keV modified by some absorption, which would be expected from an internally shocked hot bubble in a starburst region, can describe the spectrum. An ensemble of radio supernovae in a dense environment, as suggested from VLBI imaging, could be another possibility, if frequent occurence of such powerful supernovae is sustained. However, the apparent lack of X-ray binary emission does not match the high supernova rate required by both interpretations. Highly photoionized, low-density gas illuminated by a hidden Compton-thick AGN is a possible alternative, which can be tested by presence/absence of radiative recombination continua in better quality data expected from a forthcoming observation.
description: 7 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Relationship between the Unemployment Rate and the Demand for Orange Juice
Creators: name: Brown, Mark G.
name: Brown, Mark G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: unemployment rate
subject: demand
subject: orange juice

description: This study examined the relationship between the unemployment rate and the demand for OJ. Based on the demand estimates obtained, the hypothesis that unemployment is having a significant negative impact on OJ demand cannot be refuted. Over the sample period, the unemployment rate increased by about 4.5 points, resulting in a 7.7% to 12.6% decline in OJ demand, based on the alternative model estimates. The unemployment rate, however, has trended upward in recent years, raising the possible that it may be reflecting to some extent the impact of other trend related factors such as preferences for reduced calories.
Impacts of a Ban on the Sales of Florida Honey Tangerines in California Due to Citrus Black Spot
Creators: name: Brown, Mark G.
name: Brown, Mark G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: citrus black spot
subject: honey tangerine
subject: California

description: Citrus black spot (CBS) was discovered in March of 2010 near Immokalee in Collier County. CBS may adversely impact citrus growers both through demand and supply impacts. This paper has focused on the demand side of the equation. The analysis has also focused on Florida honey tangerines and the market in California. This market accounts for about 17.7% of Florida honey tangerine sales. If Florida product were banned from California in fear of CBS spreading there, the FOB price for Florida honey tangerines is estimated to decline by $3.48 to $4.40 per box, all else constant. The on-tree price would be expected to decline by the same amounts. However, with respect to production costs, all else would not be constant. Growers would be expected to bear increased grove care costs to control CBS. Thus, with higher grove care costs and the same production next season, the grower price for Florida honey tangerines net of grove care costs would decline by more than the $3.48 to $4.40 per box levels.
Carbon deposition on hematite ($α$-Fe$_2$O$_3$) nanocubes by an annealing in the air: morphology study with grazing incidence small angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS)
Creators: name: Kim, Chang-Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GISAXS has been used to study morphology change of $α$-Fe$_2$O$_3$ nanocubes after annealing processes. A submonolayer of the nanocubes was deposited on a Si(100) substrate. While an annealing at 400 $^\circ$C in a vacuum does not change a GISAXS pattern from as-prepared nanocubes submonolayer, annealing in the air at the same temperature altered the GISAXS pattern significantly. SEM image showed that the air-annealed nanocubes were coated with thin layers which were identified as amorphous carbon layers based on Raman measurements. GISAXS simulations from morphologies of nanocube with 38 nm side-length and core-shell (nanocube-core and 7 nm thick carbon-shell) nicely reproduced measured patterns from the vacuum annealed and the air-annealed nanocubes, respectively. The current study provides new approach for in-situ characterization of carbon deposition on a uniform shape nanoparticle through monitoring of deposited carbon thickness.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Similar response rates and survival with PARP inhibitors for patients with solid tumors harboring somatic versus Germline BRCA mutations: a Meta-analysis and systematic review
Creators: name: Mohyuddin, Ghulam Rehman
name: Aziz, Muhammad
name: Britt, Alec
name: Wade, Lee
name: Weijing Sun
name: Baranda, Joaquina
name: Al-Rajabi, Raed
name: Saeed, Anwaar
name: Kasi, Anup
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Embase search strategy
Market integration and price leadership in selected sugar markets. The case of Colombia, Brazil and the world
Creators: name: Bugueiro, Mauricio
name: Brümmer, Bernhard
name: Diaz, Jose
name: Bugueiro, Mauricio
name: Brümmer, Bernhard
name: Diaz, Jose
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: market integration
subject: cointegration
subject: law of one price
subject: vector error correction models

description: In the present empirical study we used the Johansen Maximum Likelihood procedure to evaluate spatial market integration for raw sugar among Colombian, Brazilian and World markets. The Johansen (1988) cointegration approach allowed relating the three market sugar prices in a multivariate cointegrated vector error correction model. The law of one price and the general patters of influence were tested. To support the study monthly sugar price series for the three markets ranging from 1998 to 2007 were used. The overall empirical results revealed that the null hypothesis of perfect market integration cannot be rejected, which implies that raw sugar prices from the three markets move proportionally in the long-run following the law of one price. In addition, for the world sugar price the null hypothesis of weak exogeneity cannot be rejected, evidencing that the World sugar market has the price leadership, whereas the Brazilian and Colombian markets are price followers.
description: Published by Asociación de Economistas Agrarios de Chile