cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Palatovia lorestanica Makarchenko et Semenchenko 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Makarchenko, Eugenyi A.
name: Semenchenko, Alexander A.
name: Palatov, Dmitry M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Palatovia
Palatovia lorestanica

description: Palatovia lorestanica Makarchenko et Semenchenko, sp. nov.
(Figs. 1–14)
http://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/ 3F6E44FF-8662-4D53-A713-C01236023071
 Type material. Holotype, adult male, IRAN: Lorestan Province, Zagros Mountains, Tenge-Kholeven River upper of Cham Chit Village, alt. 1338 m above sea level, N 33°22.737’, E 48°58.414’, 29.VI.2019, leg. D. Palatov. Paratypes: 24 males, the same data as holotype; 5 males, the same data as holotype, excepted Dez (Sezar) River, 1 km to North of Sepid Dasht Town, alt. 1022 m above sea level, N 33°13.567’, E 48°53.140’ 13.VI.2019, leg. D. Palatov.
 Derivatio nominis. The species is named as lorestanica after the type locality in mountains of Lorestan Province of Iran.
description: Published as part of Makarchenko, Eugenyi A., Semenchenko, Alexander A. & Palatov, Dmitry M., 2020, Taxonomy of some Boreoheptagyiini Brundin (Diptera: Chironomidae Diamesinae) from the mountains of Central Asia and the Middle East, with description and DNA barcoding of new taxa, pp. 91-107 in Zootaxa 4790 (1) on page 94, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4790.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/3887879
Design principles for biochemical oscillations with limited energy resources
Creators: name: Cao, Zhiyu
name: Jiang, Huijun
name: Hou, Zhonghuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As biochemical systems may frequently suffer from limited energy resources so that internal molecular fluctuation has to be utilized to induce random rhythm, it is still a great theoretical challenge to understand the elementary principles for biochemical systems with limited energy resources to maintain phase accuracy and phase sensitivity. Here, we address the issue by deriving the energy accuracy and the sensitivity-accuracy trade-off relations for a general biochemical model, analytically and numerically. We find that, biochemical systems consume much lower energy cost by noise-induced oscillations to keep almost equal efficiency to maintain precise processes than that by normal oscillations, elucidating clearly the survival mechanism when energy resources are limited. Moreover, an optimal system size is predicted where both the highest sensitivity and accuracy can be reached at the same time, providing a new strategy for the design of biological networks with limited energy sources.
Additional file 3 of Clonal evolution driven by superdriver mutations
Creators: name: Grossmann, Patrick
name: Cristea, Simona
name: Beerenwinkel, Niko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Figure 3. Curvature (i.e., dispersion) extracted from fitting quadratic polynomials for all 50 replicates separately at driver selection s = 0.01. Columns and rows are number of superdriver and driver mutations, respectively: 0–3 superdriver mutations (S0-S3) and 0–2 driver mutations (D0 -D2). Only for waves with no driver mutations, curvature of all superdriver waves are lower when superdriver selection is high. For waves with two driver mutations, curvature is slightly higher when superdriver selection is high.
PARCERIAS PECUÁRIAS: UM ESTUDO MULTICASO NO NORTE DE MINAS GERAIS
Creators: name: Botelho, Mauricio Rodrigues
name: Alencar, Edgard
name: Botelho, Mauricio Rodrigues
name: Alencar, Edgard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: partnerships in beef production
subject: rural financing
subject: interpretative analysis
subject: agribusiness.

description: The main purpose of this research was to identify and describe how beef producers and urban investors feel about the environment in which they act by comparing favorable and limiting factors associated with the development of partnerships between the two groups in the northern region of the State of Minas Gerais. A focused-interview method was used to collect data and interviews were conducted among four producers and four investors who had previously, or were still involved in partnerships, chosen by means of a purposive sampling technique. The following factors were cited by investors as incentives to participating in partnerships: insufficient capital to purchase land and personally raise cattle, the profits possible from cattle raising, the rapid return and the security and liquidity of their investment. The producers cited the possibility of making use of their pasture resources, having the capital from the investors and the possibility of receiving a sizable return on the sale of the cattle. Unfavorable factors cited by investors included low quality of pastures, the concerns of working with the producer, the risk of drought and possibilities of insolvency. Producers also cited the problems of drought as well as the doubts of the investors in their trustworthiness, the problems of settling up at the time of sales of the cattle and the low quality of the cattle bought by the investors. At the end of the study the producers and the investors were presented with the hypothetical possibility of choosing between being either a producer or an investor. The opinions were divided. Half of the investors and half of the producers chose to invert their positions in the partnership. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that partnerships were positively evaluated by the two categories of participants and thus represent a viable option for the production of beef cattle in the study region.
Electro-osmotic Instability of Concentration Enrichment in Curved Geometries for an Aqueous Electrolyte
Creators: name: Xu, Bingrui
name: Gu, Zhibo
name: Liu, Wei
name: Huo, Peng
name: Zhou, Yueting
name: Rubinstein, S. M.
name: Bazant, M. Z.
name: Zaltzman, B.
name: Rubinstein, I.
name: Deng, Daosheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report that an electro-osmotic instability of concentration enrichment in curved geometries for an aqueous electrolyte, as opposed to the well-known one, is initiated exclusively at the enriched interface (anode), rather than at the depleted one (cathode). For this instability, the limitation of unrealistically high material Peclet number in planar geometry is eliminated by the strong electric field arising from the line charge singularity. In a model setup of concentric circular electrodes, we show by stability analysis, numerical simulation, and experimental visualization that instability occurs at the inner anode, below a critical radius of curvature. The stability criterion is also formulated in terms of a critical electric field and extended to arbitrary (2d) geometries by conformal mapping. This discovery suggests that transport may be enhanced in processes limited by salt enrichment, such as reverse osmosis, by triggering this instability with needle-like electrodes.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
X-point collapse and saturation in the nonlinear tearing mode reconnection
Creators: name: Loureiro, N. F.
name: Cowley, S. C.
name: Dorland, W. D.
name: Haines, M. G.
name: Schekochihin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nonlinear evolution of the resistive tearing mode in slab geometry in two dimensions. We show that, in the strongly driven regime (large Delta'), a collapse of the X-point occurs once the island width exceeds a certain critical value ~1/Delta'. A current sheet is formed and the reconnection is exponential in time with a growth rate ~eta^1/2, where eta is the resistivity. If the aspect ratio of the current sheet is sufficiently large, the sheet can itself become tearing-mode unstable, giving rise to secondary islands, which then coalesce with the original island. The saturated state depends on the value of Delta'. For small Delta', the saturation amplitude is ~Delta' and quantitatively agrees with the theoretical prediction. If Delta' is large enough for the X-point collapse to have occured, the saturation amplitude increases noticeably and becomes independent of Delta'.
description: revtex4, 4 pages, 18 figures
Geometry of the X-ray source 1H 0707-495
Creators: name: Szanecki, Michal
name: Niedzwiecki, Andrzej
name: Done, Chris
name: Klepczarek, Lukasz
name: Lubinski, Piotr
name: Mizumoto, Misaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate constraints for the size and location of the X-ray source in 1H 0707-495 determined from the shape of the relativistically smeared reflection from the accretion disc. We develop a new code to model an extended X-ray source and we apply it to all archival XMM observations of 1H 0707-495. Contrary to Wilkins et al. we find that the relativistic reflection in this source is not consistent with an extended uniform corona. Instead, we find that the X-ray source must be very compact, with the size of at most a gravitational radius, and located at most at a few gravitational radii from the black hole horizon. A uniform extended corona does indeed produce an emissivity which is like a twice broken power law, but the inner emissivity is fixed by the source geometry rather than being a free parameter. In 1H0707-495, reflection from the inner disc is much stronger than expected for a uniformly extended source. Including the effect of ionised absorption from a wind does not change this conclusion, but including scattered emission (and more complex absorption) from the wind can dramatically change the reflection parameters.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics journal
POLÍTICAS MUNICIPAIS DE SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR: O CASO DO MUNICÍPIO DE CAMPINAS, SP
Creators: name: Leite, Juliana Pires De Arruda
name: Arraes, Nilson Antonio Modesto
name: Leite, Juliana Pires De Arruda
name: Arraes, Nilson Antonio Modesto
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: food security
subject: policy analysis
subject: Campinas-SP
subject: food supply.

description: The emergence of decentralized programs of Food Security in Brazil reinforces the importance of analyzing processes of formulation, implementation and evaluation of results and impacts of these initiatives. The objective of the present study was to characterize the Food Security Program of Campinas City (São Paulo State), contributing to the discussion about the municipal administration in this field. The analytical reference concerns three main dimensions of municipal public policies: the institutional dimension – policy; the procedural dimension (search of objectives and decision process) – politics; and the material dimension (programs configuration, technical problems and material content of decisions) – policy. The procedural dimension characterization demonstrated the existence of a strong link between the food security municipal program and Fome Zero program, even before it became a federal program. The importance of the relation between the formulators and those who implement the policies became evident with the institutional dimension characterization. Finally, the description of the projects that compose the program itself reinforces the importance of the coordination function, concerned with the benefits of the whole set of distinct projects.
The transverse energy per charged particle estimates in the framework of a statistical model
Creators: name: Prorok, Dariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transverse energies and the charged particle multiplicities at midrapidity as well as their ratio, $dE_{T}/dη\mid_{mid} / dN_{ch}/dη|_{mid}$, are evaluated in a statistical model with expansion for the wide range of heavy-ion collisions, from AGS to RHIC at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV. Full description of decays of hadron resonances is applied in calculations of both $dE_{T}/dη|_{mid}$ and $dN_{ch}/dη|_{mid}$. The predictions of the model at the freeze-out parameters, established independently from observed particle yields and $p_{T}$ spectra, agree well with the experimental data.
description: 1 figure (included), 4 pages, To appear in the proceedings of 18th Nuclear Physics Division Conference: Phase Transitions in Strongly Interacting Matter, Prague, Czech Republic, 23-29 Aug 2004
RACIONALIDADE AMBIENTAL POR PARTE DE PRODUTORES RURAIS SITUADOS NA REGIÃO DA NASCENTE DO RIO GRANDE
Creators: name: Jardim, Anna Carolina Salgado
name: Amancio, Robson
name: Gomes, Marcos Affonso Ortiz
name: Jardim, Anna Carolina Salgado
name: Amancio, Robson
name: Gomes, Marcos Affonso Ortiz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: environmental racionality
subject: natural resource
subject: social-environmental practices.

description: The objective of this article is to identify and characterize the environmental reasoning of local farmers and agriculturalists by understanding the world views, perceptions, knowledge bases, and socio-environmental practices of two rural communities situated in the proximities of the source of the River Rio Grande, in the municipality of Bocaina de Minas, Minas Gerais. Specifically, this article attempts to characterize the meaning and importance that the natural resources have for these rural producers: to identify and analyze the use that these producers make of their resources, in order to understand what is the type of established relationship between these social actors and the natural world that envelopes them. This analysis is performed by qualitative analyzes, thereby allowing a privileged understanding of the behaviors and eliefs of the subjects under investigation. The results of the investigation show that the rural agricultural producers under study, live generally through subsistence farming - there are very few producers that engage in commercial production of agricultural goods. These social actors see themselves as an integrated part of the natural environment that surrounds them and have a well developed sense environmental rationale, and a reasoning system that guides their actions in relation to their use of natural resources. This rational is the fruit of the integration of their knowledge of their natural surroundings and ecosystems which they have acquired and developed for countless generations - we will call this traditional knowledge. In this sense, these rural producers can not only contribute greatly to our modern academic understanding of their practices but also to the knowledge of the modern diverse social actors who are trying to contemporaneously conserve not only the environment in which the traditional rural producers live, but also their traditional knowledge base itself, especially where this knowledge pertains to the native Flora and Fauna and in particular the specific natural cycles of this area.
Maximal estimates for stochastic convolutions in 2-smooth Banach spaces and applications to stochastic evolution equations
Creators: name: van Neerven, Jan
name: Veraar, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper presents a survey of maximal inequalities for stochastic convolutions in $2$-smooth Banach spaces and their applications to stochastic evolution equations.
description: minor changes. Accepted for publication in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A
The Relationship of Hard X-ray and Optical Line Emission in Low Redshift Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Heckman, T. M.
name: Ptak, A.
name: Hornschemeier, A.
name: Kauffmann, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we assess the relationship of the population of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) selected by hard X-rays to the traditional population of AGN with strong optical emission lines. First, we study the emission-line properties of a new hard X-ray selected sample of 47 local AGN (classified optically as both Type 1 and Type 2 AGN). We find that the hard X- ray (3-20 keV) and [OIII]$λ$5007 optical emission-line luminosities are well-correlated over a range of about four orders-of-magnitude in luminosity (mean luminosity ratio 2.15 dex with a standard deviation of $σ$ = 0.51 dex). Second, we study the hard X-ray properties of a sample of 55 local AGN selected from the literature on the basis of the flux in the [OIII] line. The correlation between the hard X-ray (2-10 keV) and [OIII] luminosity for the Type 1 AGN is consistent with what is seen in the hard X-ray selected sample. However, the Type 2 AGN have a much larger range in the luminosity ratio, and many are very weak in hard X-rays (as expected for heavily absorbed AGN). We then compare the hard X-ray (3-20 keV) and [OIII] luminosity functions of AGN in the local universe. These have similar faint-end slopes with a luminosity ratio of 1.60 dex (0.55 dex smaller than the mean value for individual hard X-ray selected AGN). We conclude that at low redshift, selection by narrow optical emission- lines will recover most AGN selected by hard X-rays (with the exception of BL Lac objects). However, selection by hard X-rays misses a significant fraction of the local AGN population with strong emission lines.
Chandra Multiwavelength Project: Normal Galaxies at Intermediate Redshift
Creators: name: Kim, D. -W.
name: Barkhouse, W. A.
name: Colmenero, E. R.
name: Green, P. J.
name: Kim, M.
name: Mossman, A.
name: Schlegel, E.
name: Silverman, J. D.
name: Aldcroft, T.
name: Ivezic, Z.
name: Anderson, C.
name: Kashyap, V.
name: Tananbaum, H.
name: Wilkes, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) We have investigated 136 Chandra extragalactic sources without broad optical emission lines, including 93 galaxies with narrow emission lines (NELG) and 43 with only absorption lines (ALG). Based on fx/fo, Lx, X-ray spectral hardness and optical emission line diagnostics, we have conservatively classified 36 normal galaxies (20 spirals and 16 ellipticals) and 71 AGNs. We found no statistically significant evolution in Lx/LB, within the limited z range. We have built log(N)-log(S), after correcting for completeness based on a series of simulations. The best-fit slope is -1.5 for both S and B energy bands, which is considerably steeper than that of the AGN-dominated cosmic background sources, but slightly flatter than the previous estimate, indicating normal galaxies will not exceed the AGN population until fx ~ 2 x 10-18 erg s-1 cm-2 (a factor of ~5 lower than the previous estimate). A group of NELGs appear to be heavily obscured in X-rays, i.e., a typical type 2 AGN. After correcting for intrinsic absorption, their X-ray luminosities could be Lx > 10^44 erg s-1, making them type 2 quasar candidates. While most X-ray luminous ALGs (XBONG - X-ray bright, optically normal galaxy candidates) do not appear to be significantly absorbed, we found two heavily obscured objects, which could be as luminous as an unobscured broad-line quasar. Among 43 ALGs, we found two E+A galaxy candidates with strong Balmer absorption lines, but no [OII] line. The X-ray spectra of both galaxies are soft and one of them has a nearby close companion galaxy, supporting the merger/interaction scenario rather than the dusty starburst hypothesis.
description: 31 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ (20 June 2006, v644), replaced with minor corrections
Certified Randomness From Steering Using Sequential Measurements
Creators: name: Coyle, Brian
name: Kashefi, Elham
name: Hoban, Matty
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The generation of certifiable randomness is one of the most promising applications of quantum technologies. Furthermore, the intrinsic non-locality of quantum correlations allow us to certify randomness in a device-independent way, i.e. one need not make assumptions about the devices used. Due to the work of Curchod et. al., a single entangled two-qubit pure state can be used to produce arbitrary amounts of certified randomness. However, the obtaining of this randomness is experimentally challenging as it requires a large number of measurements, both projective and general. Motivated by these difficulties in the device-independent setting, we instead consider the scenario of one-sided device independence where certain devices are trusted, and others not; a scenario motivated by asymmetric experimental set-ups such as ion-photon networks. We show how certain aspects of previous work can be adapted to this scenario and provide theoretical bounds on the amount of randomness which can be certified. Furthermore, we give a protocol for unbounded randomness certification in this scenario, and provide numerical results demonstrating the protocol in the ideal case. Finally, we numerically test the possibility of implementing this scheme on near-term quantum technologies, by considering the performance of the protocol on several physical platforms.
description: 35 pages, 9 Figures. This is a pre-published extended version of a workshop edition which appeared in the proceedings of PC 2018 (EPTCS 273, 2018, pp. 14-26). The published version of this work is available below
Isotropization and Thermalization in Heavy Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Kovchegov, Yuri V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that isotropization and, consequently, thermalization of the system of gluons and quarks produced in an ultrarelativistic heavy ion collision does not follow from Feynman diagram analysis to any order in the coupling constant. We conclude that the apparent thermalization of quarks and gluons, leading to success of perfect fluid hydrodynamics in describing heavy ion collisions at RHIC, can only be attributed to the non-perturbative QCD effects not captured by Feynman diagrams. We proceed by modeling these non-pertrubative thermalization effects using viscous hydrodynamics. We point out that matching Color Glass Condensate inital conditions with viscous hydrodynamics leads to continuous evolution of all components of energy-momentum tensor and, unlike the case of ideal hydrodynamics, does not give a discontinuity in the longitudinal pressure. An important consequence of such a matching is a relationship between the thermalization time and shear viscosity: we observe that small viscosity leads to short thermalization time.
description: Includes new results. 8 pages, 1 figure, based on proceedings contributions at "Quark Matter 2005" conference in Budapest, Hungary, August 4-9, 2005 and at the workshop on "Quark-Gluon Plasma Thermalization" in Vienna, Austria, August 10-12, 2005
Supplemental Methods and Data
Creators: name: Posnack, Nikki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 329999
subject: Other biomedical and clinical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: ­­Connecting Transcriptomics with Computational Modeling to Reveal Developmental Adaptations in Pediatric Human Atrial Tissue*Shatha Salameh, *Devon Guerrelli, *Jacob A. Miller, Manan Desai, Nicolae Moise, Can Yerebakan, Alisa Bruce, Pranava Sinha, Yves d’Udekem, Seth H. Weinberg, Nikki Gillum Posnack
VANTAGENS E DESVANTAGENS DAS ALIANÇAS ESTRATÉGICAS: UMA ANÁLISE SOB A ÓTICA DOS AGENTES DA CADEIA PRODUTIVA DA CARNE BOVINA
Creators: name: Ferreira, Gabriela Cardozo
name: Barcellos, Marcia Dutra De
name: Ferreira, Gabriela Cardozo
name: Barcellos, Marcia Dutra De
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: strategic alliances
subject: agri-food chains
subject: beef.

description: This paper proposes to analyse the advantages and disadvantages of strategic alliances in agri-food chains, based on the perceptions of participating agents from a specific beef productive chain. The analysis is therefore based on the alliance’s main partners’ view: retail, abattoir and beef producers. Their objective was to produce a differentiated product and to develop a beef brand to be commercialized at retail level. In addition, this study also proposes to identify the main factors impacting in the success of alliances, from the agents’ point of view, as well as the main causes of failure in this kind of strategy, allowing for a better understanding of the factors that can maintain such alliances in the market. The obtained results indicate that the perception of the agents is very similar regarding both advantages and disadvantages of the alliance. Nevertheless, the advantages are more valorised by the agents, and they refer to product differentiation, market access and more stability in the production. Commitment and regularity in the production are considered the core conditions for success; on the other hand the lack of such characteristics was considered the main cause of failure in alliances that failed to have continuity in the past.
Development of swarm behavior in artificial learning agents that adapt to different foraging environments
Creators: name: López-Incera, Andrea
name: Ried, Katja
name: Müller, Thomas
name: Briegel, Hans J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collective behavior, and swarm formation in particular, has been studied from several perspectives within a large variety of fields, ranging from biology to physics. In this work, we apply Projective Simulation to model each individual as an artificial learning agent that interacts with its neighbors and surroundings in order to make decisions and learn from them. Within a reinforcement learning framework, we discuss one-dimensional learning scenarios where agents need to get to food resources to be rewarded. We observe how different types of collective motion emerge depending on the distance the agents need to travel to reach the resources. For instance, strongly aligned swarms emerge when the food source is placed far away from the region where agents are situated initially. In addition, we study the properties of the individual trajectories that occur within the different types of emergent collective dynamics. Agents trained to find distant resources exhibit individual trajectories with Lévy-like characteristics as a consequence of the collective motion, whereas agents trained to reach nearby resources present Brownian-like trajectories.
Are Geographical Indications a way to "decommodify" the coffee market?
Creators: name: Galtier, F.
name: Belletti, Giovanni
name: Marescotti, Andrea
name: Galtier, F.
name: Belletti, Giovanni
name: Marescotti, Andrea
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Coffee
subject: Geographical Indications
subject: Collective action

description: The commodity nature of green coffee is the main cause of “the coffee paradox” (decreasing prices at production level and rising prices at consumption level). So, a requirement to reach a less unfair distribution of the added value between the supply chain would be to “decommodify” the coffee market not only at the final consumer level, but also at the production level. Certifications (like Fair Trade, Organic, Rainforest Alliance, Utz Kapeh, or Birdfriend) are often presented as a way to reach this result, but according to some authors these schemes seem to be rather an extension of the standardization wave to new quality attributes (linked to social and/or environmental characteristics of the production process). Geographical indications (GIs) seems to be very different in this respect. GIs’ Codes of practices (which include the delimitation of the production area and a description of the production norms and product quality) are normally elaborated by the local actors themselves , who are able to define the link to the terroir (physical and anthropic characteristics of the production area ). The aim of this article is to question the ability of GIs to “decommodify” the coffee market also on the production side, and contribute to a fair distribution of the benefits of decommodification. The paper is based on the analysis of the design process of a GI coffee in the Jarabacoa region (Dominican Republic), which led to a very selective Code of practices but not so specific with regard to the link with the territory. The article evidences the chain of causality that brought to such a result, and debates to what extent the case can be considered as context-specific. Given that it appeared that most of the determinants are generic to the coffee world, the relevance of GIs as a tool to “decommodify” the coffee market must be qualified.
A hierarchy of coupled mode and envelope models for bi-directional microresonators with Kerr nonlinearity
Creators: name: Skryabin, Dmitry V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider interaction of counter-propagating waves in a bi-directionally pumped ring microresonator with Kerr nonlinearity. We introduce a hierarchy of the mode expansions and envelope functions evolving on different time scales set by the cavity linewidth and nonlinearity, dispersion, and repetition rate, and provide a detailed derivation of the corresponding hierarchy of the coupled mode and of the Lugiato-Lefever-like equations. An effect of the washout of the repetition rate frequencies from the equations governing dynamics of the counter-propagating waves is elaborated in details.
description: to appear in OSA Continuum
Effective magnetic fields in degenerate atomic gases induced by light beams with orbital angular momenta
Creators: name: Juzeliunas, G.
name: Ohberg, P.
name: Ruseckas, J.
name: Klein, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of two resonant laser beams on the mechanical properties of degenerate atomic gases. The control and probe beams of light are considered to have Orbital Angular Momenta (OAM) and act on the three-level atoms in the Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) configuration. The theory is based on the explicit analysis of the quantum dynamics of cold atoms coupled with two laser beams. Using the adiabatic approximation, we obtain an effective equation of motion for the atoms driven to the dark state. The equation contains a vector potential type interaction as well as an effective trapping potential. The effective magnetic field is shown to be oriented along the propagation direction of the control and probe beams containing OAM. Its spatial profile can be controlled by choosing proper laser beams. We demonstrate how to generate a constant effective magnetic field, as well as a field exhibiting a radial distance dependence. The resulting effective magnetic field can be concentrated within a region where the effective trapping potential holds the atoms. The estimated magnetic length can be considerably smaller than the size of the atomic cloud.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures Corrected some mistakes in equations
Geographical Indications and the Value of Reputation - Empirical Evidence for Cafe de Marcala
Creators: name: Teuber, Ramona
name: Teuber, Ramona
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: geographical indications
subject: reputation
subject: coffee

description: More and more coffee-producing countries establish geographical indications (GIs) for their coffees. GIs are not only considered to be a useful tool for protecting an established reputation against misuse by imitators but also being a useful strategic tool to enter the growing specialty coffee market. Whereas the importance of regional reputation is quite well-documented in the empirical literature on wine, empirical evidence for regional reputational effects on coffee prices is rather scarce. Hence, the objective of the present paper is to shed light on the relevance of regional reputation in the coffee market by representing results for Honduran coffees. A hedonic pricing model based on internet auction data is presented including current quality proxied by a quality score and reputation via regional dummies. The results indicate that up to now the region Marcala, for which a Denomination of Origin was established in 2005, has not yet established such a reputation that after controlling for quality differences higher auction prices are paid for coffees coming from this region.
Boreoheptagyia iranica Makarchenko & Semenchenko & Palatov 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Makarchenko, Eugenyi A.
name: Semenchenko, Alexander A.
name: Palatov, Dmitry M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Boreoheptagyia
Boreoheptagyia iranica

description: Boreoheptagyia iranica Makarchenko, sp. nov.
(Figs. 19–21, 28–32)
http://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/ 45D3F40D-35E6-4BDA-B14C-E29C3D1A36CD
 Type material. Holotype, adult male, IRAN: Lorestan Province, Zagros Mountains, Tenge-Kholeven River upper of Cham Chit Village, alt. 1338 m above sea level, N 33°22.737’, E 48°58.414’, 29.VI.2019, leg. D. Palatov. Paratypes: 3 males, the same data as holotype.
 Derivatio nominis. The species is named as iranica after the type locality in mountains of Iran.
description: Published as part of Makarchenko, Eugenyi A., Semenchenko, Alexander A. & Palatov, Dmitry M., 2020, Taxonomy of some Boreoheptagyiini Brundin (Diptera: Chironomidae Diamesinae) from the mountains of Central Asia and the Middle East, with description and DNA barcoding of new taxa, pp. 91-107 in Zootaxa 4790 (1) on page 99, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4790.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/3887879
Field-enhanced critical parameters in magnetically nanostructured superconductors
Creators: name: Milosevic, M. V.
name: Peeters, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the phenomenological Ginzburg-Landau theory, we demonstrate the enhancement of superconductivity in a superconducting film, when nanostructured by a lattice of magnetic particles. Arrays of out-of-plane magnetized dots (MDs) extend the critical magnetic field and critical current the sample can sustain, due to the interaction of the vortex-antivortex pairs and surrounding supercurrents induced by the dots and the external flux lines. Depending on the stability of the vortex-antivortex lattice, a peak in the Hext-T boundary is found for applied integer and rational matching fields, which agrees with recent experiments [Lange et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 197006 (2003)]. Due to compensation of MDs- and Hext-induced currents, we predict the field-shifted jc-Hext characteristics, as was actually realized in previous experiment but not commented on [Morgan and Ketterson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 3614 (1998)].
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Europhysics Letters
A new methodology for assessing the impact of water-pricing scenarios: case study of small-scale irrigation schemes in South Africa
Creators: name: Speelman, Stijn
name: Frija, Aymen
name: Farolfi, Stefano
name: Buysse, Jeroen
name: D'Haese, Marijke F.C.
name: D'Haese, Luc
name: Speelman, Stijn
name: Frija, Aymen
name: Farolfi, Stefano
name: Buysse, Jeroen
name: D'Haese, Marijke F.C.
name: D'Haese, Luc
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: water-pricing
subject: water savings
subject: irrigation
subject: data envelopment analysis
subject: South Africa

description: Worldwide growing water scarcity has increased the call for economic instruments to stimulate rational water use in agriculture. In addition cost-recovery is now widely accepted as a cornerstone of sustainable water management. As a consequence now in developing countries, where currently agricultural water use is often still heavily subsidized, a tendency exists of introducing water-pricing as a policy to achieve more sustainable water use. The exact impact of water pricing policies on irrigation water use or on the farmers’ production system is however mostly unknown. A new two-stage methodology that allows estimating at the farm level the effects of introducing or raising a water price on the agricultural production process and water demand is introduced in this study. The first stage comprises the construction of a technical efficiency frontier and the calculation of the technical and allocative efficiency levels of each farm. This representation of the technology is used in the second stage in a profit maximization model. As an example the method is applied to the case of small-scale irrigators in South Africa. It is shown that water demand of farmers is quite responsive even to small changes in the water price. Moreover, the introduction of a water price is shown to significantly decrease farm profit. This appears to be mainly a problem for the poorer farmers.
Korbacher, Joachim: Außerhalb der Kirche kein Heil? Eine dogmengeschichtliche Untersuchung über Kirche und Kirchenzugehörigkeit bei Johannes Chrysostomus
Creators: name: Schulte, R.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 51 (1967): Oriens christianus, Band 51
Hybrid XML Retrieval: Combining Information Retrieval and a Native XML Database
Creators: name: Pehcevski, Jovan
name: Thom, James A.
name: Vercoustre, Anne-Marie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper investigates the impact of three approaches to XML retrieval: using Zettair, a full-text information retrieval system; using eXist, a native XML database; and using a hybrid system that takes full article answers from Zettair and uses eXist to extract elements from those articles. For the content-only topics, we undertake a preliminary analysis of the INEX 2003 relevance assessments in order to identify the types of highly relevant document components. Further analysis identifies two complementary sub-cases of relevance assessments ("General" and "Specific") and two categories of topics ("Broad" and "Narrow"). We develop a novel retrieval module that for a content-only topic utilises the information from the resulting answer list of a native XML database and dynamically determines the preferable units of retrieval, which we call "Coherent Retrieval Elements". The results of our experiments show that -- when each of the three systems is evaluated against different retrieval scenarios (such as different cases of relevance assessments, different topic categories and different choices of evaluation metrics) -- the XML retrieval systems exhibit varying behaviour and the best performance can be reached for different values of the retrieval parameters. In the case of INEX 2003 relevance assessments for the content-only topics, our newly developed hybrid XML retrieval system is substantially more effective than either Zettair or eXist, and yields a robust and a very effective XML retrieval.
description: Postprint version. The editor version can be accessed through the DOI
Market implications of FMD epidemics in the Finnish pig sector: Does market structure matter?
Creators: name: Niemi, Jarkko K.
name: Lehtonen, Heikki
name: Lyytikainen, Tapani
name: Kallio, E.
name: Niemi, Jarkko K.
name: Lehtonen, Heikki
name: Lyytikainen, Tapani
name: Kallio, E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Foreign trade
subject: livestock epidemics
subject: dynamic programming

description: This paper examines the role of market coordination and market distortions caused by a hypothetical FMD outbreak in the Finnish pig sector. By using stochastic dynamic programming, it simulates the consequences of two outbreak scenarios (large vs. small) under two distinct market regimes (competitive market vs. monopoly in the domestic supply). Simulated losses depend on the magnitude of outbreak and expected duration of possible turndown of meat exports, whereas market regime has a limited impact.
Additional file 1 of Factors influencing health care use by health insurance subscribers and medical aid beneficiaries: a study based on data from the Korea welfare panel study database
Creators: name: Kong, Na Young
name: Kim, Dong Hee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Assessing the impact of bridge construction on the land use/cover and socio-economic indicator time series: A case study of Hangzhou Bay Bridge
Creators: name: Lixia Chu
name: Yuting Zou
name: Masiliūnas, Dainius
name: Blaschke, Thomas
name: Verbesselt, Jan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Construction of transportation infrastructure is a vital step in boosting economic and societal opportunities and often results in land use changes. In this study, we focus on the land use dynamics of the urban agglomeration around Hangzhou Bay, where the Qiantang River flows into the East China Sea. The Hangzhou Bay Bridge crosses the bay since 2008. We used Interrupted Time Series Analysis (ITSA) to analyze the influence of the bridge on the land use and land cover (LULC) time series of the surrounding areas and on socio-economic indicators. We applied the Random Forest method to classify Landsat imagery from 2000 to 2017, thus enabling us to quantify LULC changes before and after the construction of the Hangzhou Bay Bridge. Google Earth Engine (GEE) was used for data acquisition, pre-processing, and classification. The results showed that during the period from 2000 to 2017, impervious surface areas expanded rapidly at the expense of agricultural land, and this transformation continued even more rapidly after 2008. ITSA showed that the driver behind the impervious surface area expansion switched from residential and industrial area growth in 2000–2008, to exclusively infrastructure area growth in 2008–2017. The construction of the bridge accelerated the expansion of impervious surface in the joint area of the bridge-connected cities of Ningbo and Jiaxing. With the Hangzhou Bay Bridge connection, various socio-economic factors, including tourism, GDP, tertiary industry, real estate investment, and highway freight, increased rapidly. The outcomes of this research could contribute to policymaking and impact assessments for sustainable urban development and land management. The methods used in this study are universal and therefore can also be used to assess the effect of any notable event that may impact LULC change.
Endometrial carcinoma : description of a novel grading system and identification of additional predictors of patient outcome
Creators: name: Alkushi, Abdulmohsen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The aims of our studies were to examine the prognostic value of several pathological parameters in early stage papillary serous carcinoma of endometrium (PSCE), to evaluate the value of tumor proliferative activity in predicting patient outcome in early stage endometrial carcinomas, and to describe a novel grading system for endometrial carcinoma. To address our first aim, we studied 65 cases of PSCE from patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetric (FIGO) stage I or II disease who were treated at British Columbia Cancer Agency (BCCA) between 1985-1995. In each case, the tumor grade, lymphovascular invasion, and amount of the serous carcinoma component were assessed. p53 immunostaining was performed on 45 tumors. Only FIGO stage was of prognostic significance, and none of the other pathological features examined showed a significant correlation with patient outcome. To address our second aim, the mitotic index, MIB-1 staining index, and p53 immunostaining in 39 tumors from patients with low grade, stage Ia or lb endometrioid carcinoma, and 23 tumors from patients with stage I PSCE were assessed. p53 overexpression and proliferative indices (mitotic and MIB-1) were strongly correlated with each other in low grade endometrioid carcinoma. These markers of proliferative activity are also independent prognostic indicators in these tumors. On the other hand, PSCE are rapidly proliferative tumors even at an early stage, and quantification of proliferative activity in these tumors does not allow prediction of patient outcome. In addressing our third aim, 200 cases of endometrial carcinoma, treated by hysterectomy, were retrieved from the archives of the Dept of Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, for the period 1983-1998. Each tumor was graded by using three grading systems; FIGO grading, binary grading, and a new grading system, based on the Nottingham grading system used for breast carcinoma. With the new grading system, the tumors are classified based on a combination o f the tumor architecture, nuclear grade, and mitotic index. This new grading system has strong prognostic value, and was found to be an independent predictor of patient outcome when the patient survival was adjusted for FIGO stage, patient age, and tumor cell type.
BIOPHYSICAL SIMULATION IN SUPPORT OF CROP PRODUCTION DECISIONS: A CASE STUDY IN THE BLACKLANDS REGION OF TEXAS
Creators: name: Dillon, Carl R.
name: Mjelde, James W.
name: McCarl, Bruce A.
name: Dillon, Carl R.
name: Mjelde, James W.
name: McCarl, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Economic feasibility of Texas Blacklands corn production in relation to sorghum, wheat, and cotton is studied. Biophysical simulation generated yield data are integrated with an economic decision model using quadratic programming. Given the various scenarios analyzed, corn is economically feasible for the Blacklands. A crop mix of half corn and half cotton production is selected under risk neutrality with wheat entering if risk aversion is present. Corn and grain sorghum production are highly substitutable. Profit effects attributed to changing corn planting dates are more pronounced than profit changes resulting from altering corn population or maturity class.