cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quasinormal extensions of subnormal operator-weighted composition operators in $\ell^2$-spaces
Creators: name: Budzynski, Piotr
name: Dymek, Piotr
name: Planeta, Artur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47B20, 47B37 (Primary), 44A60 (Secondary)

description: We prove the subnormality of an operator-weighted composition operator whose symbol is a transformation of a discrete measure space and weights are multiplication operators in $L^2$-spaces under the assumption of existence of a family of probability measures whose Radon-Nikodym derivatives behave regular along the trajectories of the symbol. We build the quasinormal extension which is a weighted composition operator induced by the same symbol. We give auxiliary results concerning commutativity of operator-weighted composition operators with multiplication operators.
CAGIRE: a wide-field NIR imager for the COLIBRI 1.3 meter robotic telescope
Creators: name: de la Flèche, Alix Nouvel
name: Atteia, Jean-Luc
name: Boy, Jérémie
name: Klotz, Alain
name: Langlois, Arthur
name: Larrieu, Marie
name: Mathon, Romain
name: Valentin, Hervé
name: Ambert, Philippe
name: Clemens, Jean-Claude
name: Dornic, Damien
name: Kajfasz, Eric
name: Graët, Jean Le
name: Llido, Olivier
name: Secroun, Aurélia
name: Boulade, Olivier
name: Bounab, Ayoub
name: Badano, Giacomo
name: Gravrand, Olivier
name: Aufranc, Sébastien
name: Lamoure, Adrien
name: Martineau, Lilian
name: Rubaldo, Laurent
name: Geoffray, Hervé
name: Gonzalez, François
name: Basa, Stéphane
name: Dolon, François
name: Floriot, Johan
name: Lombardo, Simona
name: Cuevas, Salvador
name: Farah, Alejandro
name: Fuentes, Jorge
name: Langarica, Rosalıa
name: Watson, Alan M.
name: Butler, Nathaniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of high energy transients such as Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) as probes of the distant universe relies on the close collaboration between space and ground facilities. In this context, the Sino-French mission SVOM has been designed to combine a space and a ground segment and to make the most of their synergy. On the ground, the 1.3 meter robotic telescope COLIBRI, jointly developed by France and Mexico, will quickly point the sources detected by the space hard X-ray imager ECLAIRs, in order to detect and localise their visible/NIR counterpart and alert large telescopes in minutes. COLIBRI is equipped with two visible cameras, called DDRAGO-blue and DDRAGO-red, and an infrared camera, called CAGIRE, designed for the study of high redshift GRBs candidates. Being a low-noise NIR camera mounted at the focus of an alt-azimutal robotic telescope imposes specific requirements on CAGIRE. We describe here the main characteristics of the camera: its optical, mechanical and electronics architecture, the ALFA detector, and the operation of the camera on the telescope. The instrument description is completed by three sections presenting the calibration strategy, an image simulator incorporating known detector effects, and the automatic reduction software for the ramps acquired by the detector. This paper aims at providing an overview of the instrument before its installation on the telescope.
description: Accepted by Experimental Astronomy
Boundaries of Tolerance. The Effects of Temperature, Time and Contextual Factors on Human Behavioural, Perceptual and Physiological Responses
Creators: name: Schweiker, Marcel
name: Restrepo, Laura Marín
name: Altomonte, Sergio
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Sciences
subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Physiological Processes
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Occupants may experience indoor environmental conditions that deviate from the conditions of comfort sought by building management systems and standards. However, people can tolerate these uncomfortable conditions to some extent, which may have potential health benefits and contribute to energy savings. The extent and duration to which occupants can tolerate perceived discomfort before wishing for a change and after recognising it, as well as the associated physiological, perceptual, and behavioural responses, remain unclear and are the focus of this research.
Is the Multigrid Method Fault Tolerant? The Two-Grid Case
Creators: name: Ainsworth, Mark
name: Glusa, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 65F10, 65N22, 65N55, 68M15

description: The predicted reduced resiliency of next-generation high performance computers means that it will become necessary to take into account the effects of randomly occurring faults on numerical methods. Further, in the event of a hard fault occurring, a decision has to be made as to what remedial action should be taken in order to resume the execution of the algorithm. The action that is chosen can have a dramatic effect on the performance and characteristics of the scheme. Ideally, the resulting algorithm should be subjected to the same kind of mathematical analysis that was applied to the original, deterministic variant. The purpose of this work is to provide an analysis of the behaviour of the multigrid algorithm in the presence of faults. Multigrid is arguably the method of choice for the solution of large-scale linear algebra problems arising from discretization of partial differential equations and it is of considerable importance to anticipate its behaviour on an exascale machine. The analysis of resilience of algorithms is in its infancy and the current work is perhaps the first to provide a mathematical model for faults and analyse the behaviour of a state-of-the-art algorithm under the model. It is shown that the Two Grid Method fails to be resilient to faults. Attention is then turned to identifying the minimal necessary remedial action required to restore the rate of convergence to that enjoyed by the ideal fault-free method.
description: 27 pages and 6 figures
Diabolical entropy
Creators: name: Dobbs, Neil
name: Mihalache, Nicolae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37E05 37B40

description: Milnor and Thurston's famous paper proved monotonicity of the topological entropy for the real quadratic family. Guckenheimer showed that it is Hölder continuous. We obtain a precise formula for the Hölder exponent at almost every quadratic parameter. Furthermore, the entropy of most parameters is proven to be in a set of Hausdorff dimension smaller than one, while most values of the entropy arise from a set of parameters of dimension smaller than one.
Efficient Few-Shot Object Detection via Knowledge Inheritance
Creators: name: Yang, Ze
name: Zhang, Chi
name: Li, Ruibo
name: Xu, Yi
name: Lin, Guosheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.8

description: Few-shot object detection (FSOD), which aims at learning a generic detector that can adapt to unseen tasks with scarce training samples, has witnessed consistent improvement recently. However, most existing methods ignore the efficiency issues, e.g., high computational complexity and slow adaptation speed. Notably, efficiency has become an increasingly important evaluation metric for few-shot techniques due to an emerging trend toward embedded AI. To this end, we present an efficient pretrain-transfer framework (PTF) baseline with no computational increment, which achieves comparable results with previous state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods. Upon this baseline, we devise an initializer named knowledge inheritance (KI) to reliably initialize the novel weights for the box classifier, which effectively facilitates the knowledge transfer process and boosts the adaptation speed. Within the KI initializer, we propose an adaptive length re-scaling (ALR) strategy to alleviate the vector length inconsistency between the predicted novel weights and the pretrained base weights. Finally, our approach not only achieves the SOTA results across three public benchmarks, i.e., PASCAL VOC, COCO and LVIS, but also exhibits high efficiency with 1.8-100x faster adaptation speed against the other methods on COCO/LVIS benchmark during few-shot transfer. To our best knowledge, this is the first work to consider the efficiency problem in FSOD. We hope to motivate a trend toward powerful yet efficient few-shot technique development. The codes are publicly available at https://github.com/Ze-Yang/Efficient-FSOD.
description: Accepted to IEEE Transactions on Image Processing (TIP). Codes are available at https://github.com/Ze-Yang/Efficient-FSOD
The coenzyme/protein pair and the molecular evolution of life
Creators: name: Kirschning, Andreas
Publisher: name: London : Soc.
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Amino Acids
subject: Coenzymes
subject: Evolution, Molecular
subject: Molecular Structure
subject: Proteins
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Covering: up to 2020 What was first? Coenzymes or proteins? These questions are archetypal examples of causal circularity in living systems. Classically, this "chicken-and-egg"problem was discussed for the macromolecules RNA, DNA and proteins. This report focuses on coenzymes and cofactors and discusses the coenzyme/protein pair as another example of causal circularity in life. Reflections on the origin of life and hypotheses on possible prebiotic worlds led to the current notion that RNA was the first macromolecule, long before functional proteins and hence DNA. So these causal circularities of living systems were solved by a time travel into the past. To tackle the "chicken-and-egg"problem of the protein-coenzyme pair, this report addresses this problem by looking for clues (a) in the first hypothetical biotic life forms such as protoviroids and the last unified common ancestor (LUCA) and (b) in considerations and evidence of the possible prebiotic production of amino acids and coenzymes before life arose. According to these considerations, coenzymes and cofactors can be regarded as very old molecular players in the origin and evolution of life, and at least some of them developed independently of α-amino acids, which here are evolutionarily synonymous with proteins. Discussions on "chicken-and-egg"problems open further doors to the understanding of evolution.
Evidence of Radius Inflation in Radiative GCM Models of WASP-76b due to the Advection of Potential Temperature
Creators: name: Sainsbury-Martinez, Felix
name: Tremblin, Pascal
name: Schneider, Aaron David
name: Carone, Ludmila
name: Baraffe, Isabelle
name: Chabrier, Gilles
name: Helling, Christiane
name: Decin, Leen
name: Jørgensen, Uffe Gråe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the discrepancy between the radii of observed hot Jupiters and standard 'radiative-convective' models remains a hotly debated topic in the exoplanet community. One mechanism which has been proposed to bridge this gap, and which has recently come under scrutiny, is the vertical advection of potential temperature from the irradiated outer atmosphere deep into the interior, heating the deep, unirradiated, atmosphere, warming the internal adiabat, and resulting in radius inflation. Specifically, a recent study which explored the atmosphere of WASP-76b using a 3D, non-grey, GCM suggested that their models lacked radius inflation, and hence any vertical enthalpy advection. Here we perform additional analysis of these, and related, models, focusing on an explicit analysis of vertical enthalpy transport and the resulting heating of the deep atmosphere compared with 1D models. Our results indicate that, after any evolution linked with initialisation, all the WASP-76b models considered here exhibit significant vertical enthalpy transport, heating the deep atmosphere significantly when compared with standard 1D models. Furthermore, comparison of a long time-scale (and hence near steady-state) model with a Jupiter-like internal-structure model suggests not only strong radius-inflation, but also that the model radius, $1.98 \mathrm{R_{J}}$, may be comparable with observations ($1.83\pm0.06 \mathrm{R_{J}}$). We thus conclude that the vertical advection of potential temperature alone is enough to explain the radius inflation of WASP-76b, and potentially other irradiated gas giants, albeit with the proviso that the exact strength of the vertical advection remains sensitive to model parameters, such as the inclusion of deep atmospheric drag.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Imaging protoplanets: observing transition disks with non-redundant masking
Creators: name: Sallum, Steph
name: Eisner, Josh
name: Close, Laird M.
name: Hinz, Philip M.
name: Follette, Katherine B.
name: Kratter, Kaitlin
name: Skemer, Andrew J.
name: Bailey, Vanessa P.
name: Briguglio, Runa
name: Defrere, Denis
name: Macintosh, Bruce A.
name: Males, Jared R.
name: Morzinski, Katie M.
name: Puglisi, Alfio T.
name: Rodigas, Timothy J.
name: Spalding, Eckhart
name: Tuthill, Peter G.
name: Vaz, Amali
name: Weinberger, Alycia
name: Xomperio, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transition disks, protoplanetary disks with inner clearings, are promising objects in which to directly image forming planets. The high contrast imaging technique of non-redundant masking is well posed to detect planetary mass companions at several to tens of AU in nearby transition disks. We present non-redundant masking observations of the T Cha and LkCa 15 transition disks, both of which host posited sub-stellar mass companions. However, due to a loss of information intrinsic to the technique, observations of extended sources (e.g. scattered light from disks) can be misinterpreted as moving companions. We discuss tests to distinguish between these two scenarios, with applications to the T Cha and LkCa 15 observations. We argue that a static, forward-scattering disk can explain the T Cha data, while LkCa 15 is best explained by multiple orbiting companions.
description: SPIE conference proceeding
Fusarochromene, a novel tryptophan-derived metabolite from: Fusarium sacchari
Creators: name: Marshall, James W.
name: De Mattos-Shipley, Kate M. J.
name: Ghannam, Iman A. Y.
name: Munawar, Asifa
name: Killen, Jonathan C.
name: Lazarus, Colin M.
name: Cox, Russell J.
name: Willis, Christine L.
name: Simpson, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fusarium
subject: Multigene Family
subject: Oxidation-Reduction
subject: Tryptophan
subject: Amino acids
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Fusarochromene isolated from the plant pathogenic fungus, Fusarium sacchari is closely related to a group of mycotoxins including fusarochromanone previously isolated from various Fusaria spp. Despite their assumed polyketide biogenesis, incorporation studies with 13C-labelled acetate, glycerol and tryptophans show that fusarochromene is unexpectedly derived via oxidative cleavage of the aromatic amino acid tryptophan. A putative biosynthetic gene cluster has been identified.
Complex nonlinear dynamics of polarization and transverse modes in a broad-area VCSEL
Creators: name: Bittner, Stefan
name: Sciamanna, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lasers can exhibit nonlinear and chaotic dynamics driven by the interaction of multiple lasing modes, and investigating the different scenarios of mode competition and bifurcations of their dynamics is of great interest on a fundamental level as well as in view of applications. We study the dynamics of a broad-area vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) in solitary continuous-wave operation with a comprehensive investigation of its polarization state, lasing spectra, near-field distributions, and temporal dynamics. Fluctuations at the frequency of birefringence splitting and other frequency components develop in a series of bifurcations. The bifurcations coincide with changes of the transverse lasing modes and/or the polarization state, demonstrating the importance of both the spatial and polarization degrees of freedom for mode competition. As a consequence, the inherent nonlinear dynamics of broad-area VCSELs is significantly more complex than the dynamics of VCSELs with a single spatial mode.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures
Combined atomic clock with blackbody-radiation-shift-induced instability below 10-19 under natural environment conditions
Creators: name: Yudin, V.I.
name: Taichenachev, A.V.
name: Basalaev, M.Y.
name: Prudnikov, O.N.
name: Fürst, H.A.
name: Mehlstaubler, T.E.
name: Bagayev, S.N.
Publisher: name: [Bad Honnef] : Dt. Physikalische Ges.
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: BBR shift
subject: temperature control
subject: ultra-precise atomic clock
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We develop a method of synthetic frequency generation to construct an atomic clock with blackbody radiation (BBR) shift uncertainties below 10-19 at environmental conditions with a very low level of temperature control. The proposed method can be implemented for atoms and ions, which have two different clock transitions with frequencies ν1 and ν2 allowing to form a synthetic reference frequency νsyn = (ν1 - ϵν2)/(1 - ϵ), which is absent in the spectrum of the involved atoms or ions. Calibration coefficient ϵ can be chosen such that the temperature dependence of the BBR shift for the synthetic frequency νsyn has a local extremum at an arbitrary operating temperature T0. This leads to a weak sensitivity of BBR shift with respect to the temperature variations near operating temperature T0. As a specific example, the Yb+ ion is studied in detail, where the utilized optical clock transitions are of electric quadrupole (S → D) and octupole (S → F) type. In this case, temperature variations of ±7 K lead to BBR shift uncertainties of less than 10-19, showing the possibility to construct ultra-precise combined atomic clocks (including portable ones) without the use of cryogenic techniques.
xiSPEC: web-based visualization, analysis and sharing of proteomics data
Creators: name: Kolbowski, Lars
name: Combe, Colin
name: Rappsilber, Juri
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::543 Analytische Chemie
subject: mass spectrometry
subject: crosslinking
subject: proteomics
subject: fragmentation
subject: visualisation
subject: Massenspektrometrie
subject: Quervernetzung
subject: Proteomik
subject: Fragmentierung
subject: Visualisierung

description: We present xiSPEC, a standard compliant, next-generation web-based spectrum viewer for visualizing, analyzing and sharing mass spectrometry data. Peptide-spectrum matches from standard proteomics and cross-linking experiments are supported. xiSPEC is to date the only browser-based tool supporting the standardized file formats mzML and mzIdentML defined by the proteomics standards initiative. Users can either upload data directly or select files from the PRIDE data repository as input. xiSPEC allows users to save and share their datasets publicly or password protected for providing access to collaborators or readers and reviewers of manuscripts. The identification table features advanced interaction controls and spectra are presented in three interconnected views: (i) annotated mass spectrum, (ii) peptide sequence fragmentation key and (iii) quality control error plots of matched fragments. Highlighting or selecting data points in any view is represented in all other views. Views are interactive scalable vector graphic elements, which can be exported, e.g. for use in publication. xiSPEC allows for re-annotation of spectra for easy hypothesis testing by modifying input data. xiSPEC is freely accessible at http://spectrumviewer.org and the source code is openly available on https://github.com/Rappsilber-Laboratory/xiSPEC.
Ultraviolet Photodissociation of Tryptic Peptide Backbones at 213 nm
Creators: name: Kolbowski, Lars
name: Belsom, Adam
name: Rappsilber, Juri
Publisher: name: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::543 Analytische Chemie
subject: ultraviolet photodissociation
subject: backbone fragmentation
subject: tryptic peptides
subject: collision-induced dissociation spectrum
subject: fragmentation behavior
subject: precursors

description: We analyzed the backbone fragmentation behavior of tryptic peptides of a four-protein mixture and of E. coli lysate subjected to ultraviolet photodissociation (UVPD) at 213 nm on a commercially available UVPD-equipped tribrid mass spectrometer. We obtained 15 178 unique high-confidence peptide UVPD spectrum matches by recording a reference beam-type collision-induced dissociation (HCD) spectrum of each precursor, ensuring that our investigation includes a broad selection of peptides, including those that fragmented poorly by UVPD. Type a, b, and y ions were most prominent in UVPD spectra, and median sequence coverage ranged from 5.8% (at 5 ms laser excitation time) to 45.0% (at 100 ms). Overall, the sequence fragment intensity remained relatively low (median: 0.4% (5 ms) to 16.8% (100 ms) of total intensity), and the remaining precursor intensity, high. The sequence coverage and sequence fragment intensity ratio correlated with the precursor charge density, suggesting that UVPD at 213 nm may suffer from newly formed fragments sticking together due to noncovalent interactions. The UVPD fragmentation efficiency therefore might benefit from supplemental activation, as was shown for ETD. Aromatic amino acids, most prominently tryptophan, facilitated UVPD. This points to aromatic tags as possible enhancers of UVPD. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD018176 and on spectrumviewer.org/db/UVPD-213nm-trypPep.
Performance of surface codes in realistic quantum hardware
Creators: name: iOlius, Antonio deMarti
name: Martinez, Josu Etxezarreta
name: Fuentes, Patricio
name: Crespo, Pedro M.
name: Garcia-Frias, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Surface codes are generally studied based on the assumption that each of the qubits that make up the surface code lattice suffers noise that is independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.). However, real benchmarks of the individual relaxation ($T_1$) and dephasing ($T_2$) times of the constituent qubits of state-of-the-art quantum processors have recently shown that the decoherence effects suffered by each particular qubit actually vary in intensity. In consequence, in this article we introduce the independent non-identically distributed (i.ni.d.) noise model, a decoherence model that accounts for the non-uniform behaviour of the docoherence parameters of qubits. Additionally, we use the i.ni.d model to study how it affects the performance of a specific family of Quantum Error Correction (QEC) codes known as planar codes. For this purpose we employ data from four state-of-the-art superconducting processors: ibmq\_brooklyn, ibm\_washington, Zuchongzhi and Rigetti Aspen-M-1. Our results show that the i.i.d. noise assumption overestimates the performance of surface codes, which can suffer up to $95\%$ performance decrements in terms of the code pseudo-threshold when they are subjected to the i.ni.d. noise model. Furthermore, we consider and describe two methods which enhance the performance of planar codes under i.ni.d. noise. The first method involves a so-called re-weighting process of the conventional minimum weight perfect matching (MWPM) decoder, while the second one exploits the relationship that exists between code performance and qubit arrangement in the surface code lattice. The optimum qubit configuration derived through the combination of the previous two methods can yield planar code pseudo-threshold values that are up to $650\%$ higher than for the traditional MWPM decoder under i.ni.d. noise.
description: Includes supplementary material (19 pages total)
Anomalous mass dimension of multi-flavor QCD
Creators: name: Doff, A.
name: Natale, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models of strongly interacting theories with a large mass anomalous dimension ($γ_m$) provide an interesting possibility for the dynamical origin of the electroweak symmetry breaking. A laboratory for these models is QCD with many flavors, which may present a non-trivial fixed point associated to a conformal region. Studies based on conformal field theories and on Schwinger-Dyson equations have suggested the existence of bounds on the mass anomalous dimension at the fixed points of these models. In this note we discuss $γ_m$ values of multi-flavor QCD exhibiting a non-trivial fixed point and affected by relevant four-fermion interactions.
description: 12 pages, 2 tables
Dynamical detection of a companion driving a spiral arm in a protoplanetary disk
Creators: name: Xie, Chen
name: Ren, Bin B.
name: Dong, Ruobing
name: Choquet, Élodie
name: Vigan, Arthur
name: Gonzalez, Jean-François
name: Wagner, Kevin
name: Fang, Taotao
name: Ubeira-Gabellini, Maria Giulia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio and near-infrared observations have observed dozens of protoplanetary disks that host spiral arm features. Numerical simulations have shown that companions may excite spiral density waves in protoplanetary disks via companion-disk interaction. However, the lack of direct observational evidence for spiral-driving companions poses challenges to current theories of companion-disk interaction. Here we report multi-epoch observations of the binary system HD 100453 with the Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet REsearch (SPHERE) facility at the Very Large Telescope. By recovering the spiral features via robustly removing starlight contamination, we measure spiral motion across 4 yr to perform dynamical motion analyses. The spiral pattern motion is consistent with the orbital motion of the eccentric companion. With this first observational evidence of a companion driving a spiral arm among protoplanetary disks, we directly and dynamically confirm the long-standing theory on the origin of spiral features in protoplanetary disks. With the pattern motion of companion-driven spirals being independent of companion mass, here we establish a feasible way of searching for hidden spiral-arm-driving planets that are beyond the detection of existing ground-based high-contrast imagers.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics; 12 pages, 9 figures
An updated review of the new hadron states
Creators: name: Chen, Hua-Xing
name: Chen, Wei
name: Liu, Xiang
name: Liu, Yan-Rui
name: Zhu, Shi-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The past decades witnessed the golden era of hadron physics. Many excited open heavy flavor mesons and baryons have been observed since 2017. We shall provide an updated review of the recent experimental and theoretical progresses in this active field. Besides the conventional heavy hadrons, we shall also review the recently observed open heavy flavor tetraquark states $X(2900)$ and $T_{cc}^+(3875)$ as well as the hidden heavy flavor multiquark states $X(6900)$, $P_{cs}(4459)^0$, $Z_{cs}(3985)^-$, $Z_{cs}(4000)^+$, and $Z_{cs}(4220)^+$. We will also cover the recent progresses on the glueballs and light hybrid mesons, which are the direct manifestations of the non-Abelian $SU(3)$ gauge interaction of the Quantum Chromodynamics in the low-energy region.
description: Review accepted by Reports on Progress in Physics, 179 pages, 87 figures, 15 tables
Possible contribution of X-ray binary jets to the Galactic cosmic ray and neutrino flux
Creators: name: Kantzas, Dimitrios
name: Markoff, Sera
name: Cooper, Alex J.
name: Gaggero, Daniele
name: Petropoulou, Maria
name: Luque, Pedro De La Torre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For over a century, the identification of high-energy cosmic ray (CR) sources remains an open question. For Galactic CRs with energy up to $10^{15}$ eV, supernova remnants (SNRs) have traditionally been thought the main candidate source. However, recent TeV gamma-ray observations have questioned the SNR paradigm. Propagating CRs are deflected by the Galactic magnetic field, hence, gamma-rays and neutrinos produced via inelastic hadronic interactions are the only means for unveiling the CR sources. In this work, we study the gamma-ray and neutrino emission produced by CRs accelerated inside Galactic jets of stellar-mass black holes in X-ray binaries (BHXBs). We calculate the intrinsic neutrino emission of two prototypical BHXBs, Cygnus X-1 and GX 339-4, for which we have high-quality, quasi-simultaneous multiwavelength spectra. Based on these prototypical sources, we discuss the likelihood of the 35 known Galactic BHXBs to be efficient CR accelerators. Moreover, we estimate the potential contribution to the CR spectrum of a viable population of BHXBs that reside in the Galactic plane. When these BHXBs go into outburst, they may accelerate particles up to 100s of TeV that contribute to the diffuse gamma-ray and neutrino spectra while propagating in the Galactic medium. Using HERMES, an open-source code that calculates the hadronic processes along the line of sight, we discuss the contribution of BHXBs to the diffuse gamma-ray and neutrino fluxes, and compare these to their intrinsic gamma-ray and neutrino emissions. Finally, we discuss the contribution of BHXBs to the observed spectrum of Galactic CRs.
description: 17 pages, 10+6 figures, accepted for publication on MNRAS
塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘的遗传结构由Illumina OvineSNP50 BeadChip揭示
Creators: name: Han, Zhipeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 300305
subject: Animal reproduction and breeding

description: 本研究基于和田绵羊的Illumina OvineSNP50珠芯片数据，分析了种群内的遗传结构和ROH。目前，塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘乡绵羊基因结构的多样性分布是它们在不同历史时期的多次迁徙和人工选择。同时，在塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘的乡绵羊中发现了与多个凋落物性状相关的基因，为塔克拉玛干沙漠南缘乡绵羊的繁殖提供了一些思路。
Holomorphic Koszul-Brylinski homology via Dolbeault cohomology
Creators: name: Meng, Lingxu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D17, 32C35, 32Q99

description: We use the Dolbeault cohomology to investigate the Koszul-Brylinski homology on holomorphic Poisson manifolds. We obtain the Leray-Hirsch theorem for Hochschild homology and the Mayer-Vietoris sequence, Künneth theorem for holomorphic Koszul-Brylinski homology. In particular, we show some relations of holomorphic Koszul-Brylinski homologies around a blow-up transformation for the general case (\emph{not necessarily compact}) by our previous works on the Dolbeault cohomology.
description: 15 pages
Production and interaction of the eta meson with nucleons and nuclei
Creators: name: Krzemien, Wojciech
name: Khreptak, Oleksandr
name: Moskal, Paweł
name: Ozyrianska-Schätti, Iryna
name: Rundel, Oleksandr
name: Skurzok, Magdalena
name: Zieliński, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the status of the search for eta-mesic nuclei and the studies of the interaction of the eta meson with nucleons. Recently we have completed the analysis of the new WASA-at-COSY data on the production of the eta meson with polarized proton beam. New results on the analyzing power for the pp->ppeta reaction with more than an order of magnitude improved precision shed a new light on the production mechanism of the eta meson in nucleon-nucleon collisions. Also, the latest results of the search for eta-mesic nuclei are discussed.
description: 4 pages, presented at 14th International Workshop on Meson Production, Properties and Interaction KRAK\'OW, POLAND (MESON 2016), accepted for publication in EPJ
Renormalization of shell model of turbulence
Creators: name: Verma, Mahendra K.
name: Alam, Shadab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Renormalization enables a systematic scale-by-scale analysis of multiscale systems. In this paper, we employ \textit{renormalization group} (RG) to the shell model of turbulence and show that the RG equation is satisfied by $ |u_n|^2 =K_\mathrm{Ko} ε^{2/3} k_n^{-2/3}$ and $ ν_n = ν_* \sqrt{K_\mathrm{Ko}} ε^{1/3} k_n^{-4/3}$, where $k_n, u_n $ are the wavenumber and velocity of shell $ n $; $ν_*, K_\mathrm{Ko}$ are RG and Kolmogorov's constants; and $ ε$ is the energy dissipation rate. We find that $ν_* \approx 0.5$ and $K_\mathrm{Ko} \approx 1.7$, consistent with earlier RG works on Navier-Stokes equation. We verify the theoretical predictions using numerical simulations.
description: To appear in Phys. Rev. E
A series of (2+1)d Stable Self-Dual Interacting Conformal Field Theories
Creators: name: Cheng, Meng
name: Xu, Cenke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the duality between seemingly different (2+1)d conformal field theories (CFT) proposed recently, we study a series of (2+1)d stable self-dual interacting CFTs. These CFTs can be realized (for instance) on the boundary of the (3+1)d bosonic topological insulator protected by U(1) and time-reversal symmetry, and they remain stable as long as these symmetries are preserved. When realized as a boundary system, these CFTs can be driven into anomalous fractional quantum Hall states once time-reversal is broken. We demonstrate that the newly proposed dualities allow us to study these CFTs quantitatively through a controlled calculation, without relying on a large flavor number of matter fields.
description: 7 pages
Effects of spin-exchange collisions on the fluctuation spectra of hot alkali-metal vapors
Creators: name: Mouloudakis, K.
name: Vasilakis, G.
name: Lucivero, V. G.
name: Kong, J.
name: Kominis, I. K.
name: Mitchell, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first-principles analysis of the noise spectra of alkali-metal-metal vapors in and out of the spin-exchange-relaxation-free (SERF) regime, and we predict non-intuitive features with a potential to further improve the sensitivity of SERF media, and which must be taken into account in their use in quantum optical applications. Studying the process of spin-noise spectroscopy (SNS), we derive analytic formulas for the observable noise spectra, and for the correlation functions among different hyperfine components, which give additional insight into the spin dynamics. The analytic results indicate a variety of distortions of the spin-noise spectrum relative to simpler models, including a broad spectral background that mimics optical shot noise, interference of noise contributions from the two ground-state hyperfine levels, noise reduction at the spin-precession frequency, and ``hiding'' of spin-noise power that can introduce a systematic error in noise-based calibrations, e.g., for spin-squeezing experiments.
Genetic structure of the southern margin of the Taklamakan Desert revealed by Illumina OvineSNP50 BeadChip
Creators: name: Han, Zhipeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 300305
subject: Animal reproduction and breeding

description: In this study, genetic structure and ROH within populations were analyzed based on Illumina OvineSNP50 BeadChip data of Hotan sheep. At present, the diversity distribution of gene structure of native sheep in the southern margin of the Taklimakan Desert is due to their multiple migrations and artificial selection in different historical periods. At the same time, genes related to multiple litter traits were found in the native sheep of the southern margin of the Taklimakan Desert, which provided some ideas for the breeding of the native sheep of the southern margin of the Taklimakan desert.
The effect of a small amount of hydrogen in the atmosphere of ultrahot magma-ocean planets: atmospheric composition and escape
Creators: name: Charnoz, Sébastien
name: Falco, Aurélien
name: Tremblin, Pascal
name: Sossi, Paolo
name: Caracas, Razvan
name: Lagage, Pierre-Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we investigate how small amounts of hydrogen (much smaller than the mass of the exoplanet) above a magma ocean on a rocky exoplanet may modify the atmospheric chemistry and atmospheric escape.We use a chemical model of a magma ocean coupled to a gas equilibrium code. An energy-limited model is used to compute atmospheric escape. The composition of the vapor above a magma ocean is drastically modified by hydrogen, even for very modest amounts of H ($\ll 10^{-6}$ planetary mass). Hydrogen consumes much of the O$_2$(g), which, in turn, promotes the evaporation of metals and metal oxides (SiO, Mg, Na, K, Fe) from the magma ocean. Vast amounts of H$_2$O are produced by the same process. At high hydrogen pressures, new hydrogenated species such as SiH$_4$ form in the atmosphere. In all cases, H, H$_2$, and H$_2$O are the dominant nonmetal-bearing volatile species. Sodium is the dominant atmospheric metal-bearing species at T$<$ 2000K and low H content, whereas Fe is dominant at high H content and low temperature, while SiO predominates at T>3000 K. We find that the atmospheric Mg/Fe, Mg/Si, and Na/Si ratios deviate from those in the underlying planet and from the stellar composition. As such, their determination may constrain the planet's mantle composition and H content. As the presence of hydrogen promotes the evaporation of silicate mantles, it is conceivable that some high-density, irradiated exoplanets may have started life as hydrogen-bearing planets and that part of their silicate mantle evaporated (up to a few $10 \%$ of Si, O, and Fe) and was subsequently lost owing to the reducing role of H. Even very small amounts of H can alter the atmospheric composition and promote the evaporation to space of heavy species derived from the molten silicate mantle of rocky planets.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Examining risks of racial biases in NLP tools for child protective services
Creators: name: Field, Anjalie
name: Coston, Amanda
name: Gandhi, Nupoor
name: Chouldechova, Alexandra
name: Putnam-Hornstein, Emily
name: Steier, David
name: Tsvetkov, Yulia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although much literature has established the presence of demographic bias in natural language processing (NLP) models, most work relies on curated bias metrics that may not be reflective of real-world applications. At the same time, practitioners are increasingly using algorithmic tools in high-stakes settings, with particular recent interest in NLP. In this work, we focus on one such setting: child protective services (CPS). CPS workers often write copious free-form text notes about families they are working with, and CPS agencies are actively seeking to deploy NLP models to leverage these data. Given well-established racial bias in this setting, we investigate possible ways deployed NLP is liable to increase racial disparities. We specifically examine word statistics within notes and algorithmic fairness in risk prediction, coreference resolution, and named entity recognition (NER). We document consistent algorithmic unfairness in NER models, possible algorithmic unfairness in coreference resolution models, and little evidence of exacerbated racial bias in risk prediction. While there is existing pronounced criticism of risk prediction, our results expose previously undocumented risks of racial bias in realistic information extraction systems, highlighting potential concerns in deploying them, even though they may appear more benign. Our work serves as a rare realistic examination of NLP algorithmic fairness in a potential deployed setting and a timely investigation of a specific risk associated with deploying NLP in CPS settings.
description: In 2023 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (FAccT '23)
High-dynamic-range water window ptychography
Creators: name: Rose, Max
name: Dzhigaev, Dmitry
name: Senkbeil, Tobias
name: von Gundlach, Andreas R.
name: Stuhr, Susan
name: Rumancev, Christoph
name: Besedin, Ilya
name: Skopintsev, Petr
name: Viefhaus, Jens
name: Rosenhahn, Axel
name: Vartanyants, Ivan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ptychographic imaging with soft X-rays, especially in the water window energy range, suffers from limited detector dynamic range that directly influences the maximum spatial resolution achievable. High-dynamic-range data can be obtained by multiple exposures. By this approach we have increased the dynamic range of a ptychographic data set by a factor of 76 and obtained diffraction signal till the corners of the detector. The real space half period resolution was improved from 50 nm for the single exposure data to 18 nm for the high-dynamic-range data.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of XRM-2016 Conference, Oxford, UK
Effect of the orientational relaxation on the collective motion of patterns formed by self-propelled particles
Creators: name: Chervanyov, A. I.
name: Gomez, H.
name: Thiele, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the collective behavior of self-propelled particles (SPPs) undergoing competitive processes of pattern formation and rotational relaxation of their self-propulsion velocities. In full accordance with previous work, we observe transitions between different steady states of the SPPs caused by the intricate interplay among the involved effects of pattern formation, orientational order, and coupling between the SPP density and orientation fields. Based on rigorous analytical and numerical calculations, we prove that the rate of the orientational relaxation of the SPP velocity field is the main factor determining the steady states of the SPP system. Further, we determine the boundaries between domains in the parameter plane that delineate qualitatively different resting and moving states. In addition, we analytically calculate the collective velocity $\vec{v}$ of the SPPs and show that it perfectly agrees with our numerical results. We quantitatively demonstrate that $\vec{v}$ does not vanish upon approaching the transition boundary between the moving pattern and homogeneous steady states.
description: 3 Figures
LIME -- a gas TPC prototype for directional Dark Matter search for the CYGNO experiment
Creators: name: Amaro, Fernando Domingues
name: Baracchini, Elisabetta
name: Benussi, Luigi
name: Bianco, Stefano
name: Capoccia, Cesidio
name: Caponero, Michele
name: Cardoso, Danilo Santos
name: Cavoto, Gianluca
name: Cortez, André
name: Costa, Igor Abritta
name: Dané, Emiliano
name: Dho, Giorgio
name: Di Giambattista, Flaminia
name: Di Marco, Emanuele
name: D'Imperio, Giulia
name: Iacoangeli, Francesco
name: Junior, Herman Pessoa Lima
name: Lopes, Guilherme Sebastiao Pinheiro
name: Maccarrone, Giovanni
name: Mano, Rui Daniel Passos
name: Gregorio, Robert Renz Marcelo
name: Marques, David José Gaspar
name: Mazzitelli, Giovanni
name: McLean, Alasdair Gregor
name: Messina, Andrea
name: Monteiro, Cristina Maria Bernardes
name: Nobrega, Rafael Antunes
name: Pains, Igor Fonseca
name: Paoletti, Emiliano
name: Passamonti, Luciano
name: Pelosi, Sandro
name: Petrucci, Fabrizio
name: Piacentini, Stefano
name: Piccolo, Davide
name: Pierluigi, Daniele
name: Pinci, Davide
name: Prajapati, Atul
name: Renga, Francesco
name: Roque, Rita Joanna da Cruz
name: Rosatelli, Filippo
name: Russo, Alessandro
name: Santos, Joaquim Marques Ferreira dos
name: Saviano, Giovanna
name: Spooner, Neil John Curwen
name: Tesauro, Roberto
name: Tommasini, Sandro
name: Torelli, Samuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CYGNO experiment aims at the development of a large gaseous TPC with GEM-based amplification and an optical readout by means of PMTs and scientific CMOS cameras for 3D tracking down to O(keV) energies, for the directional detection of rare events such as low mass Dark Matter and solar neutrino interactions. The largest prototype built so far towards the realisation of the CYGNO experiment demonstrator is the 50 L active volume LIME, with 4 PMTs and a single sCMOS imaging a 33$\times$33 cm\textsuperscript{2} area for 50 cm drift, that has been installed in underground Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in February 2022. We will illustrate LIME performances as evaluated overground in Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati by means of radioactive X-ray sources, and in particular the detector stability, energy response and energy resolution. We will discuss the MC simulation developed to reproduce the detector response and show the comparison with actual data. We will furthermore examine the background simulation worked out for LIME underground data taking and illustrate the foreseen expected measurement and results in terms of natural and materials intrinsic radioactivity characterisation and measurement of the LNGS underground natural neutron flux. The results that will be obtained by underground LIME installation will be paramount in the optimisation of the CYGNO demonstrator, since this is foreseen to be composed by multiple modules with the same LIME dimensions and characteristics.