cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Communicating human intent to a robotic companion by multi-type gesture sentences
Creators: name: Vanc, Petr
name: Behrens, Jan Kristof
name: Stepanova, Karla
name: Hlavac, Vaclav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Human-Robot collaboration in home and industrial workspaces is on the rise. However, the communication between robots and humans is a bottleneck. Although people use a combination of different types of gestures to complement speech, only a few robotic systems utilize gestures for communication. In this paper, we propose a gesture pseudo-language and show how multiple types of gestures can be combined to express human intent to a robot (i.e., expressing both the desired action and its parameters - e.g., pointing to an object and showing that the object should be emptied into a bowl). The demonstrated gestures and the perceived table-top scene (object poses detected by CosyPose) are processed in real-time) to extract the human's intent. We utilize behavior trees to generate reactive robot behavior that handles various possible states of the world (e.g., a drawer has to be opened before an object is placed into it) and recovers from errors (e.g., when the scene changes). Furthermore, our system enables switching between direct teleoperation of the end-effector and high-level operation using the proposed gesture sentences. The system is evaluated on increasingly complex tasks using a real 7-DoF Franka Emika Panda manipulator. Controlling the robot via action gestures lowered the execution time by up to 60%, compared to direct teleoperation.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures
Taxing Collaborative Software Engineering
Creators: name: Dorner, Michael
name: Capraro, Maximilian
name: Treidler, Oliver
name: Kunz, Tom-Eric
name: Šmite, Darja
name: Zabardast, Ehsan
name: Mendez, Daniel
name: Wnuk, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The engineering of complex software systems is often the result of a highly collaborative effort. However, collaboration within a multinational enterprise has an overlooked legal implication when developers collaborate across national borders: It is taxable. In this article, we discuss the unsolved problem of taxing collaborative software engineering across borders. We (1) introduce the reader to the basic principle of international taxation, (2) identify three main challenges for taxing collaborative software engineering making it a software engineering problem, and (3) estimate the industrial significance of cross-border collaboration in modern software engineering by measuring cross-border code reviews at a multinational software company.
description: 8 pages; 3 figures; submitted to IEEE Software
Optical spin control and coherence properties of acceptor bound holes in strained GaAs
Creators: name: Linpeng, Xiayu
name: Karin, Todd
name: Durnev, Mikhail V.
name: Glazov, Mikhail M.
name: Schott, Rüdiger
name: Wieck, Andreas D.
name: Ludwig, Arne
name: Fu, Kai-Mei C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hole spins in semiconductors are a potential qubit alternative to electron spins. In nuclear-spin-rich host crystals like GaAs, the hyperfine interaction of hole spins with nuclei is considerably weaker than that for electrons, leading to potentially longer coherence times. Here we demonstrate optical pumping and coherent population trapping for acceptor-bound holes in a strained GaAs epitaxial layer. We find $μ$s-scale longitudinal spin relaxation time T$_1$ and an inhomogeneous dephasing time T$_2^*$ of $\sim$7~ns. We attribute the spin relaxation mechanism to a combination effect of a hole-phonon interaction through the deformation potentials and a heavy-hole light-hole mixing in an in-plane magnetic field. We attribute the short T$_2^*$ to g-factor broadening due to strain inhomogeneity. T$_1$ and T$_2^*$ are quantitatively calculated based on these mechanisms and compared with the experimental results. While the hyperfine-mediated decoherence is mitigated, our results highlight the important contribution of strain to relaxation and dephasing of acceptor-bound hole spins.
Melatonin attenuates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by promoting mitophagy through SIRT3-mediated TFAM deacetylation
Creators: name: Deng, Zhiya
name: He, Man
name: Hu, Hongbin
name: Zhang, Wenqian
name: Zhang, Yaoyuan
name: Ge, Yue
name: Ma, Tongtong
name: Wu, Jie
name: Li, Lulan
name: Sun, Maomao
name: An, Sheng
name: Li, Jiaxin
name: Huang, Qiaobing
name: Gong, Shenhai
name: Zhang, Jiaxing
name: Chen, Zhongqing
name: Zeng, Zhenhua
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Hematology

description: A growing number of studies have shown that melatonin is a potent agonist of SIRT3 (sirtuin 3) and effectively protects mitochondria, suggesting melatonin as a promising therapeutic drug to treat sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SAKI). In this study, we first included 48 sepsis patients for cross-sectional analysis and the result revealed that plasma melatonin levels are inversely proportional to the mitochondrial injury of renal tubular epithelial cells and directly proportional to the acute kidney injury recovery in sepsis patients. We further explored the effects of exogenous melatonin on SAKI and its mechanism in animal model of cecal ligation and puncture-treated mice, and cellular model of LPS-challenged HK-2 cells. The results demonstrate that the protective effect of melatonin on the progression of SAKI depends on SIRT3 activation as well as mitophagic flux. Mechanistically, TFAM (transcription factor A, mitochondrial)-K154 site deacetylation via SIRT3 is indispensable for melatonin-enhanced mitophagic flux on SAKI. Together, our study unveils a previously unappreciated mechanism of melatonin as agonists of SIRT3 to hold promise for treatment of patients with SAKI. AKI: acute kidney injury; ATP: adenosine triphosphate; BUN: blood urea nitrogen; CLP: cecal ligation and puncture; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; H&E: hematoxylin and eosin staining; LCN2/NGAL: lipocalin 2; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; LTL: lotus tetragonolobus lectin; mKeima: mitochondria-targeted Keima; mtDNA: mitochondrial DNA; PAS: periodic acid – Schiff staining; RTECs: renal tubular epithelial cells; SAKI: sepsis-induced acute kidney injury; Scr: serum creatinine; SIRT3: sirtuin 3; TFAM: transcription factor A, mitochondrial; TMRE: tetramethylrhodamine.
Universal bounds on the performance of information-thermodynamic engine
Creators: name: Tanogami, Tomohiro
name: Van Vu, Tan
name: Saito, Keiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate fundamental limits on the performance of information processing systems from the perspective of information thermodynamics. We first extend the thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) to a subsystem. Specifically, for a bipartite composite system consisting of a system of interest X and an auxiliary system Y, we show that the relative fluctuation of an arbitrary current for X is lower bounded not only by the entropy production associated with X but also by the information flow between X and Y. As a direct consequence of this bipartite TUR, we prove universal trade-off relations between the output power and efficiency of an information-thermodynamic engine in the fast relaxation limit of the auxiliary system. In this limit, we further show that the Gallavotti-Cohen symmetry is satisfied even in the presence of information flow. This symmetry leads to universal relations between the fluctuations of information flow and entropy production in the linear response regime. We illustrate these results with simple examples: coupled quantum dots and coupled linear overdamped Langevin equations. Interestingly, in the latter case, the equality of the bipartite TUR is achieved even far from equilibrium, which is a very different property from the standard TUR. Our results will be applicable to a wide range of systems, including biological systems, and thus provide insight into the design principles of biological systems.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures. Minor revisions are made in ver. 2
Semiconductor-metal nanoparticle molecules: hybrid excitons and non-linear Fano effect
Creators: name: Zhang, Wei
name: Govorov, Alexander O.
name: Bryant, Garnett W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern nanotechnology opens the possibility of combining nanocrystals of various materials with very different characteristics in one superstructure. The resultant superstructure may provide new physical properties not encountered in homogeneous systems. Here we study theoretically the optical properties of hybrid molecules composed of semiconductor and metal nanoparticles. Excitons and plasmons in such a hybrid molecule become strongly coupled and demonstrate novel properties. At low incident light intensity, the exciton peak in the absorption spectrum is broadened and shifted due to incoherent and coherent interactions between metal and semiconductor nanoparticles. At high light intensity, the absorption spectrum demonstrates a surprising, strongly asymmetric shape. This shape originates from the coherent inter-nanoparticle Coulomb interaction and can be viewed as a non-linear Fano effect which is quite different from the usual linear Fano resonance.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
A 4-Channel 10-Gbps/ch CMOS VCSEL Array Driver with on-chip Charge-pumps
Creators: name: Huang, X.
name: Gong, D.
name: Sun, Q.
name: Chen, C.
name: Guo, D.
name: Hou, S.
name: Huang, G.
name: Kulis, S.
name: Liu, C.
name: Liu, T.
name: Moreira, P.
name: Rodríguez, A. Sánchez
name: Sun, H.
name: Troska, J.
name: Xiao, L.
name: Zhang, L.
name: Zhang, W.
name: Ye, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the design and test results of a 4-channel 10-Gbps/ch Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser array driver, the cpVLAD. With on-chip charge-pumps to extend the biasing headroom for the VCSELs needed for low temperature operation and mitigation of the radiation effects. The cpVLAD was fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS technology. The test results show that the cpVLAD is capable of driving VCSELs with forward bias voltages as high as 2.8 V from a 2.5 V power supply. The power consumption of the cpVLAD is 94 mW/ch.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
The Q-operator for Root-of-Unity Symmetry in Six Vertex Model
Creators: name: Roan, Shi-shyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct the explicit $Q$-operator incorporated with the $sl_2$-loop-algebra symmetry of the six-vertex model at roots of unity. The functional relations involving the $Q$-operator, the six-vertex transfer matrix and fusion matrices are derived from the Bethe equation, parallel to the Onsager-algebra-symmetry discussion in the superintegrable $N$-state chiral Potts model. We show that the whole set of functional equations is valid for the $Q$-operator. Direct calculations in certain cases are also given here for clearer illustration about the nature of the $Q$-operator in the symmetry study of root-of-unity six-vertex model from the functional-relation aspect.
description: Latex 26 Pages; Typos and small errors corrected, Some explanations added for clearer presentation, References updated-Journal version with modified labelling of sections and formulas
Being-with others : an existential anthropology of recent Chinese migration in Tokyo, Japan
Creators: name: Coates, James Henry
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Chinese MigrationsJapan
subject: Emigration and immigration Social aspects
subject: China Emigration and immigration
subject: Japan Ethnic relations

description: This ethnography explores the disjunctures, tensions and convivialities experienced by Chinese migrants in Japan. Chinese migrants now constitute the largest group of registered "foreigners" in Japan, with over 600,000 documented in 2009. The size of this group is the result of a Chinese government-sponsored drive for educational and economic success, and Japan's flexible student visa cum proxy labour migration system. The migrants are situated in a complex world of conflicting imperatives and confusing mobility regimes. Based on 20 months fieldwork in Tokyo's unofficial Chinatown, Ikebukuro, this dissertation demonstrates the value of an existential focus in the Anthropology of migration. I do not represent migrants as harbingers of a new epoch of transnational flexibility nor as mere subjects of global capital and the nation{u00AD} state. Rather, I present them as an example of how we all negotiate complex social worlds amplified by disjunctures and mobility. I situate my existential focus with reference to the work of Jean Luc Nancy, particularly his use of the term "being-with." I also take inspiration from Michael Jackson's work, showing how relational materialities, affects and events shape migrant lives. The chapters of this dissertation consider existential dilemmas as they manifest themselves across a number of spatial scales. I examine everyday practice in the small spaces of conviviality found in Ikebukuro, the dilemmas of living in the large metropolis of Tokyo and how Ikebukuro is situated within the broader field of international Chinese migration. I explore the ways Chinese migrants struggle to define themselves at these multiple levels, often leading to a sense of ambivalence in their lives. As much as this struggle creates a sense of ambivalence however, the place of kinship in their transnational imaginaries gives a particular shape to their sense of "being-with." I conclude by showing how events such as the Tohoku earthquake create new imperatives for Chinese migrants, suggesting potential sources of hope for the relationship between Ikebukuro Chinese and Japanese locals.
Dynamic Matrix Recovery
Creators: name: Chen, Ziyuan
name: Yang, Ying
name: Yao, Fang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Matrix recovery from sparse observations is an extensively studied topic emerging in various applications, such as recommendation system and signal processing, which includes the matrix completion and compressed sensing models as special cases. In this work we propose a general framework for dynamic matrix recovery of low-rank matrices that evolve smoothly over time. We start from the setting that the observations are independent across time, then extend to the setting that both the design matrix and noise possess certain temporal correlation via modified concentration inequalities. By pooling neighboring observations, we obtain sharp estimation error bounds of both settings, showing the influence of the underlying smoothness, the dependence and effective samples. We propose a dynamic fast iterative shrinkage thresholding algorithm that is computationally efficient, and characterize the interplay between algorithmic and statistical convergence. Simulated and real data examples are provided to support such findings.
description: Journal of the American Statistical Association (2023)
Grammatical elicitation: Person paradigms, proximate, and distant past
Creators: name: Ramirez, Angela
name: Clem, Emily
name: Jung, Sihun
name: Lim, Jun Jie
name: Mayel, Milad
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: mvj

description: Elicitation of person paradigms in the proximate and distant past with intransitive 'cry' and transitive 'eat'; use of Set A/Set B markers for transitive subjects. Elicitation leaders: Sihun Jung (recording 1), Milad Mayel (recordings 2, 3)
Quantum field theory meets Hopf algebra
Creators: name: Brouder, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper provides a primer in quantum field theory (QFT) based on Hopf algebra and describes new Hopf algebraic constructions inspired by QFT concepts. The following QFT concepts are introduced: chronological products, S-matrix, Feynman diagrams, connected diagrams, Green functions, renormalization. The use of Hopf algebra for their definition allows for simple recursive derivations and lead to a correspondence between Feynman diagrams and semi-standard Young tableaux. Reciprocally, these concepts are used as models to derive Hopf algebraic constructions such as a connected coregular action or a group structure on the linear maps from S(V) to V. In most cases, noncommutative analogues are derived.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures. Slightly edited version of the published paper
Helioseismology of Sunspots: Confronting Observations with Three-Dimensional MHD Simulations of Wave Propagation
Creators: name: Cameron, R.
name: Gizon, L.
name: Duvall, T. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of solar waves through the sunspot of AR 9787 is observed using temporal cross-correlations of SOHO/MDI Dopplergrams. We then use three-dimensional MHD numerical simulations to compute the propagation of wave packets through self-similar magneto-hydrostatic sunspot models. The simulations are set up in such a way as to allow a comparison with observed cross-covariances (except in the immediate vicinity of the sunspot). We find that the simulation and the f-mode observations are in good agreement when the model sunspot has a peak field strength of 3 kG at the photosphere, less so for lower field strengths. Constraining the sunspot model with helioseismology is only possible because the direct effect of the magnetic field on the waves has been fully taken into account. Our work shows that the full-waveform modeling of sunspots is feasible.
description: 21 pages, Accepted in Solar Physics
Letter from R.H. Rogers to Rainbowe Ranche/ [Frank] Hewer, November 14, 1907
Creators: name: Rogers, R.H.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to Messrs. of Rainbowe Ranche and Frank Hewer from R.H. Rogers, dated November 14, 1907, regarding payment by Mr. Ellison for damage done to fences by cattle.
Wave-RVFL: A Randomized Neural Network Based on Wave Loss Function
Creators: name: Sajid, M.
name: Quadir, A.
name: Tanveer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The random vector functional link (RVFL) network is well-regarded for its strong generalization capabilities in the field of machine learning. However, its inherent dependencies on the square loss function make it susceptible to noise and outliers. Furthermore, the calculation of RVFL's unknown parameters necessitates matrix inversion of the entire training sample, which constrains its scalability. To address these challenges, we propose the Wave-RVFL, an RVFL model incorporating the wave loss function. We formulate and solve the proposed optimization problem of the Wave-RVFL using the adaptive moment estimation (Adam) algorithm in a way that successfully eliminates the requirement for matrix inversion and significantly enhances scalability. The Wave-RVFL exhibits robustness against noise and outliers by preventing over-penalization of deviations, thereby maintaining a balanced approach to managing noise and outliers. The proposed Wave-RVFL model is evaluated on multiple UCI datasets, both with and without the addition of noise and outliers, across various domains and sizes. Empirical results affirm the superior performance and robustness of the Wave-RVFL compared to baseline models, establishing it as a highly effective and scalable classification solution. The source codes and the Supplementary Material are available at https://github.com/mtanveer1/Wave-RVFL.
Manifestation of the Exchange Enhancement of the Valley Splitting in the Quantum Hall Effect Regime
Creators: name: Shlimak, I.
name: Ginodman, V.
name: Friedland, K. -J.
name: Kravchenko, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a new "dip" effect in the Hall resistance, R_{xy}, of a Si metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor in the quantum Hall effect regime. With increasing magnetic field, the Hall resistance moves from the plateau at Landau filling factor ν=6 directly to the plateau at ν=4, skipping the plateau at ν=5. However, when the filling factor approaches ν=5, the Hall resistance sharply "dives" to the value 1/5(h/e^2) characteristic of the ν=5 plateau, and then returns to 1/4(h/e^2). This is interpreted as a manifestation of the oscillating exchange enhancement of the valley splitting when the Fermi level is in the middle between two adjacent valley-split Landau bands with the asymmetric position of the extended states.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
Reinforced Molecular Optimization with Neighborhood-Controlled Grammars
Creators: name: Xu, Chencheng
name: Liu, Qiao
name: Huang, Minlie
name: Jiang, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A major challenge in the pharmaceutical industry is to design novel molecules with specific desired properties, especially when the property evaluation is costly. Here, we propose MNCE-RL, a graph convolutional policy network for molecular optimization with molecular neighborhood-controlled embedding grammars through reinforcement learning. We extend the original neighborhood-controlled embedding grammars to make them applicable to molecular graph generation and design an efficient algorithm to infer grammatical production rules from given molecules. The use of grammars guarantees the validity of the generated molecular structures. By transforming molecular graphs to parse trees with the inferred grammars, the molecular structure generation task is modeled as a Markov decision process where a policy gradient strategy is utilized. In a series of experiments, we demonstrate that our approach achieves state-of-the-art performance in a diverse range of molecular optimization tasks and exhibits significant superiority in optimizing molecular properties with a limited number of property evaluations.
description: 12 pages;two figures; NeurIPS 2020
AutophagyNet: High-resolution data source for the analysis of autophagy and its regulation
Creators: name: Csabai, Luca
name: Bohár, Balázs
name: Türei, Dénes
name: Prabhu, Sowmya
name: Földvári-Nagy, László
name: Madgwick, Matthew
name: Fazekas, Dávid
name: Módos, Dezső
name: Ölbei, Márton
name: Halka, Themis
name: Poletti, Martina
name: Kornilova, Polina
name: Kadlecsik, Tamás
name: Demeter, Amanda
name: Szalay-Bekő, Máté
name: Kapuy, Orsolya
name: Lenti, Katalin
name: Vellai, Tibor
name: Gul, Lejla
name: Korcsmáros, Tamás
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Macroautophagy/autophagy is a highly-conserved catabolic process eliminating dysfunctional cellular components and invading pathogens. Autophagy malfunction contributes to disorders such as cancer, neurodegenerative and inflammatory diseases. Understanding autophagy regulation in health and disease has been the focus of the last decades. We previously provided an integrated database for autophagy research, the Autophagy Regulatory Network (ARN). For the last seven years, this resource has been used by thousands of users. Here, we present a new and upgraded resource, AutophagyNet. It builds on the previous database but contains major improvements to address user feedback and novel needs due to the advancement in omics data availability. AutophagyNet contains updated interaction curation and integration of over 280,000 experimentally verified interactions between core autophagy proteins and their protein, transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulators as well as their potential upstream pathway connections. AutophagyNet provides annotations for each core protein about their role: 1) in different types of autophagy (mitophagy, xenophagy, etc.); 2) in distinct stages of autophagy (initiation, expansion, termination, etc.); 3) with subcellular and tissue-specific localization. These annotations can be used to filter the dataset, providing customizable download options tailored to the user’s needs. The resource is available in various file formats (e.g. CSV, BioPAX and PSI-MI), and data can be analyzed and visualized directly in Cytoscape. The multi-layered regulation of autophagy can be analyzed by combining AutophagyNet with tissue- or cell type-specific using (multi-)omics datasets (e.g. transcriptomic or proteomic data). The resource is publicly accessible at http://autophagynet.org.
Hints of a new leptophilic Higgs sector?
Creators: name: Afik, Yoav
name: Dev, P. S. Bhupal
name: Thapa, Anil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a new leptophilic Higgs sector can resolve some intriguing anomalies in current experimental data across multiple energy ranges. Motivated by the recent CMS excess in the resonant $eμ$ channel at 146 GeV, we focus on a leptophilic two-Higgs-doublet model, and propose a resonant production mechanism for the neutral components of the second Higgs doublet at the LHC using the lepton content of the proton. Interestingly, the same Yukawa coupling $Y_{eμ}\sim 0.6-0.8$ that explains the CMS excess also addresses the muon $(g-2)$ anomaly. Moreover, the new Higgs doublet also resolves the recent CDF $W$-boson mass anomaly. The relevant model parameter space will be completely probed by future LHC data.
description: 6 pages + references, 4 figures; to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Emergent entropy of exotic oscillators and squeezing in three-wave mixing process
Creators: name: Pal, S. K.
name: Nandi, P.
name: Ghosh, S.
name: Scholtz, F. G.
name: Chakraborty, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the existence of entanglement between the spatial degrees of freedom of a system of harmonic oscillators placed in the noncommutative Moyal plane ("exotic oscillators") by computing the entanglement entropy as measured by the von Neumann entropy of the reduced density matrix. It is explicitly verified that the entanglement arises from the noncommutativity, which controls the coupling strength between the spatial modes. This can easily be generalised to the case where the momentum components also satisfy noncommutative relations, so that the entire phase space becomes noncommutative. In the former case, i.e. when only the spatial noncommutativity is present, the underlying mathematical structure is reminiscent of the Unruh effect, as observed by a Rindler observer whose acceleration now gets related to the noncommutative parameter. It is shown that the Landau problem in the presence of a harmonic interaction gives a concrete physical realisation of this effect. Finally, we show that phase-space noncommutativity can give rise to a the non-classical effect of squeezing, which results from the non-linearity of a medium in a three-wave mixing process.
description: 27 pages, 1 figure
Eye of the dragon : visual specializations of the Jacky dragon, Amphibolurus muricatus
Creators: name: New, Shaun Timothy Daniel
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: QL666.L223 N49 2012
subject: Agamidae Behavior Australia
subject: Eye Anatomy
subject: Eye Physiology
subject: Agamidae Ecology Australia

description: The Jacky dragon (Amphibolurus muricatus), a semi-arboreal agamid lizard native to south{u00AD}eastern Australia, competes for territories using a rapid sequence of distinct body movements initiated by tail flicks and followed by foreleg waves, head bobs and push-ups. Detection of these signals is particularly challenging against a background of wind-blown plants, and it has been shown that lizards overcome 'motion noise' by adjusting the duration and intensity of the tail flick. Clearly signal efficacy is limited by detection problems, but the visual capabilities of the Jacky dragon, or other lizards for that matter, remain largely unknown. In order to better our understanding of the relationship between visual system design, ecology and phylogeny, and to identify how sensory capabilities relate to signal design, I examine the Eye of the dragon. Jacky dragons are small, fast-moving insectivorous predators which are typically found basking motionless on elevated perches. A broad visual field provides almost complete coverage of their surrounds irrespective of body posture or orientation of the head, and allows lizards to remain vigilant to predators, and to detect potential prey or conspecific intruders entering their territory. Using a custom-built light chamber I show that that they have a dynamic pupil which responds quickly to shifts in ambient light intensity, presumably allowing lizards to maintain high spatial and temporal resolution for accurate control of daily movements through their dynamic environment. I develop a schematic model of the Jacky dragon eye and map the topography of the retina, revealing a centrally located region of elevated photoreceptor and ganglion cell density and a deeply incised foveal specialization. Although the Jacky dragon retina comprises ganglion cell somata that are characteristically small in size, a subset of disproportionately large ganglion cells occupy the peripheral retina. If these giant ganglion cells share functional homologies with the giant ganglion cells reported among other animals, their high concentration in the retina's periphery would increase the likelihood of detecting salient visual motion in the peripheral field of vision, integral in the detection of prey and potential predators. I hypothesize that the introductory tail flick signal is designed to stimulate these giant ganglion cells, capturing the intended receiver's attention and orienting their gaze. This visual grasp reflex allows later signal components to be viewed though a centrally placed fovea, where high photoreceptor and ganglion cell densities provide superior visual acuity.
"Safe from Utopia?" : the LSD controversy in Saskatchewan, 1950-1967
Creators: name: Anderson, Erik Murray L.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The controversy surrounding the use of LSD as an adjunct to psychotherapy for alcoholics in Saskatchewan has not been explored by social or medical historians. From 1950 to 1967, Saskatchewan psychiatrists developed new treatments for chronic alcoholism by using LSD on themselves, on volunteers and finally on patients. Despite early success and praise, the use of LSD in psychotherapy was later condemned by the media, the general public, the medical profession and eventually the federal government and was discontinued after being banned in 1967. The reasons for the ban were far-reaching and diverse. LSD was exploited by the counter-culture for "kicks" and was later abandoned by pharmaceutical companies because of the negative reputation lay-professionals and the media had bestowed upon its therapeutic use. As it turned out, legitimate LSD research became too clouded in controversy to survive the 1960s as researchers failed to convince the masses that the drug did not pose a threat to the well-being of society. In many respects, the LSD controversy can be seen as more of a moral panic than a scientific debate. Nevertheless, the LSD controversy provides a unique and much needed look into the history of medicine from a social perspective, illustrating that social values often have more impact on medical research than empirical validity. As recent evidence suggests, the psychotherapeutic potential of LSD -- as developed by Saskatchewan psychiatrists -- has not been forgotten. Indeed, a renewal of interest in LSD research has surfaced in several U.S. states as American psychiatrists are discovering, once again, that LSD can be a valuable psychiatric research tool.
Formation of spatial shell structures in the superfluid to Mott insulator transition
Creators: name: Foelling, Simon
name: Widera, Artur
name: Mueller, Torben
name: Gerbier, Fabrice
name: Bloch, Immanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the direct observation of the transition from a compressible superfluid to an incompressible Mott insulator by recording the in-trap density distribution of a Bosonic quantum gas in an optical lattice. Using spatially selective microwave transitions and spin changing collisions, we are able to locally modify the spin state of the trapped quantum gas and record the spatial distribution of lattice sites with different filling factors. As the system evolves from a superfluid to a Mott insulator, we observe the formation of a distinct shell structure, in good agreement with theory.
Robust calibration of multiparameter sensors via machine learning at the single-photon level
Creators: name: Cimini, Valeria
name: Polino, Emanuele
name: Valeri, Mauro
name: Gianani, Ilaria
name: Spagnolo, Nicolò
name: Corrielli, Giacomo
name: Crespi, Andrea
name: Osellame, Roberto
name: Barbieri, Marco
name: Sciarrino, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Calibration of sensors is a fundamental step to validate their operation. This can be a demanding task, as it relies on acquiring a detailed modelling of the device, aggravated by its possible dependence upon multiple parameters. Machine learning provides a handy solution to this issue, operating a mapping between the parameters and the device response, without needing additional specific information on its functioning. Here we demonstrate the application of a Neural Network based algorithm for the calibration of integrated photonic devices depending on two parameters. We show that a reliable characterization is achievable by carefully selecting an appropriate network training strategy. These results show the viability of this approach as an effective tool for the multiparameter calibration of sensors characterized by complex transduction functions.
Homogeneous turbulence in a random-jet-stirred tank
Creators: name: Bang, Joo Young
name: Pujara, Nimish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an investigation into random-jet-stirred homogeneous turbulence generated in a vertical octagonal prism shaped tank where there are jet arrays on four of the eight vertical faces. We show that the turbulence is homogeneous at all scales in the central region of the tank that spans multiple integral scales in all directions. The jet forcing from four sides in the horizontal direction guarantees isotropy in horizontal planes but leads to more energy in the horizontal fluctuations compared with the vertical fluctuations. This anisotropy between the horizontal and vertical fluctuations decreases at smaller scales, so that the inertial and dissipation range statistics show isotropic behaviour. Using four jet arrays allows us to achieve higher turbulence intensity and Reynolds number with a shorter jet merging distance compared to two facing arrays. We show that we are able to vary the turbulence scales and Reynolds number by adding attachments to the exits of each jet and changing the parameters of the algorithm that drives random-jet stirring. By linking how the flow from each jet influences the random-jet-stirred turbulence, we provide recommendations on how to select the parameters of the jet driving algorithm.
description: 28 pages, 16 figures
Noncommuting conserved charges in quantum thermodynamics and beyond
Creators: name: Majidy, Shayan
name: Braasch, William F.
name: Lasek, Aleksander
name: Upadhyaya, Twesh
name: Kalev, Amir
name: Halpern, Nicole Yunger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermodynamic systems typically conserve quantities ("charges") such as energy and particle number. The charges are often assumed implicitly to commute with each other. Yet quantum phenomena such as uncertainty relations rely on observables' failure to commute. How do noncommuting charges affect thermodynamic phenomena? This question, upon arising at the intersection of quantum information theory and thermodynamics, spread recently across many-body physics. Charges' noncommutation has been found to invalidate derivations of the thermal state's form, decrease entropy production, conflict with the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis, and more. This Perspective surveys key results in, opportunities for, and work adjacent to the quantum thermodynamics of noncommuting charges. Open problems include a conceptual puzzle: Evidence suggests that noncommuting charges may hinder thermalization in some ways while enhancing thermalization in others.
description: 9.5 pages (4 figures) + appendices. Minor edits. Accepted by Nat. Rev. Phys
Letter from G.A. Hankey to Frank Hewer, November 19, 1907
Creators: name: Hankey, G.A.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to Frank Hewer from G.A. Hankey, dated November 19, 1907. The letter is a response to Hewer's letter received on the 18th, and concerns the keeping of an employee, Mr. Bailey, through the 3 winter months.
Fermionic zero modes in gauge and gravity backgrounds On $T^2$
Creators: name: Duan, Yi-Shi
name: Liu, Yu-Xiao
name: Wang, Yong-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we study fermionic zero modes in gauge and gravity backgrounds taking a two dimensional compact manifold $T^2$ as extra dimensions. The result is that there exist massless Dirac fermions which have normalizable zero modes under quite general assumptions about these backgrounds on the bulk. Several special cases of gauge background on the torus are discussed and some simple fermionic zero modes are obtained.
description: 8 pages, no figures, v2: more references, accepted by Mod.Phys.Lett.A
The compact circumstellar material around OH 231.8+4.2
Creators: name: Matsuura, M.
name: Chesneau, O.
name: Zijlstra, A. A.
name: Jaffe, W.
name: Waters, L. B. F. M.
name: Yates, J.
name: Lagadec, E.
name: Gledhill, T.
name: Etoka, S.
name: Richards, A. M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed the bipolar post-AGB candidate OH 231.8+4.2, using the mid-infrared interferometer MIDI and the infrared camera with the adaptive optics system NACO on the Very Large Telescope. An unresolved core (<200 mas in FWHM) is found at the center of the OH 231.8+4.2 in the 3.8 micron image. This compact source is resolved with the interferometer. We used two 8-meter telescopes with four different baselines, which cover projected baseline lengths from 62 to 47 meters, and projected position angles from 112 to 131 degrees that are almost perpendicular to the bipolar outflow. Fringes from 8 to 9 micron and from 12 to 13.5 micron were clearly detected, whilst the strong silicate self-absorption allows only marginal detection of visibilities between 9 and 12 micron. The fringes from the four baselines consistently show the presence of a compact circumstellar object with an inner radius of 30-40 mas, which is equivalent to 40-50 AU at 1.3 kpc. This clearly shows that the mid-infrared compact source is not the central star (3 AU) but circumstellar material. The measured size of the circumstellar material is consistent with the size of such disks calculated by hydrodynamic models, implying the circumstellar material may have a disk configuration.
description: Accepted by ApJL High-resolution jpg image is available from http://optik2.mtk.nao.ac.jp/~mikako/photo/oh231_fig1.jpg
Phosphorylation-state dependent intraneuronal sorting of Aβ differentially impairs autophagy and the endo-lysosomal system
Creators: name: Kapadia, Akshay
name: Theil, Sandra
name: Opitz, Sabine
name: Villacampa, Nàdia
name: Beckert, Hannes
name: Schoch, Susanne
name: Heneka, Michael. T.
name: Kumar, Sathish
name: Walter, Jochen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Progressive accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates in extracellular plaques is a characteristic hallmark of Alzheimer disease (AD). Aβ is also found in intraneuronal deposits and associated with alterations of the endo-lysosomal system and impairment of macroautophagy/autophagy. Here, we assessed the effect of Aβ phosphorylation on neuronal autophagy and the endo-lysosomal pathway. Analysis of APP-PSEN1dE9 transgenic mice revealed a phosphorylation-state dependent intraneuronal accumulation of Aβ species in endo-lysosomal and autophagy-related compartments. Cell biological studies further demonstrate a differential uptake and sorting of phosphorylated Aβ variants in cultured neurons, and phosphorylation-state specific effects of Aβ variants on neuronal autophagy and lysosomal function. While Aβ phosphorylated at serine residue 8 accumulated in autophagosomes, Aβ phosphorylated at serine residue 26 showed efficient transport to lysosomes. The selective sorting of phosphorylated Aβ species caused differential impairment of vesicular transport and lysosomal function associated with neurotoxicity. Thus, the relative occurrence of phosphorylated Aβ species and their intraneuronal accumulation could contribute to AD pathogenesis, and to the commonly observed aberrations of the vesicular transport system already at the early stages of the disease. AD: Alzheimer disease; APP: amyloid beta precursor protein; ATG: autophagy related; Aβ: amyloid-β; CTSD: cathepsin D; DAPI: 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; EEA1: early endosome antigen 1; FA: formic acid; GFP: green fluorescent protein; LAMP2: lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; MAP2: microtubule-associated protein 2; nmAβ: non-modified amyloid-β; npAβ: non-phosphorylated amyloid-β; pAβ: phosphorylated amyloid-β; p-Ser26Aβ: amyloid-β phosphorylated at serine residue 26; p-Ser8Aβ: amyloid-β phosphorylated at serine residue 8; RAB: RAB, member RAS oncogene family; RFP: red fluorescent protein; SQSTM1/p62: sequestome 1; YFP: yellow fluorescent protein.
Getting the most on supernova axions
Creators: name: Lella, Alessandro
name: Carenza, Pierluca
name: Co', Giampaolo
name: Lucente, Giuseppe
name: Giannotti, Maurizio
name: Mirizzi, Alessandro
name: Rauscher, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axion-like particles (ALPs) coupled to nucleons might be copiously emitted from a supernova (SN) core. We extend existing bounds on free-streaming ALPs to the case in which these are so strongly-interacting with the nuclear matter to be trapped in the SN core. For strongly-interacting ALPs, we also extend the bound from the absence of an ALP-induced signal in Kamiokande-II neutrino detector at the time of SN 1987A. We find that combining the different arguments, SNe exclude values of ALP-nucleon coupling $g_{aN}\gtrsim10^{-9}$ for ALP masses $m_a\lesssim 1\,\mathrm{MeV}$. Remarkably, in the case of canonical QCD axion models, the SN bounds exclude all values of $m_a \gtrsim 10^{-2}\,\mathrm{eV}$. This result prevents the possibility for current and future cosmological surveys to detect any signatures due to hot dark matter QCD axion mass.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures. Matches the version published on PRD. Changes: we employed a different benchmark SN model with respect to the previous version, accounting for a 1D treatment of convection. We added a new section to discuss the uncertainties on the SN bounds. We added an additional section to analyze SN bounds on canonical QCD axion models
Conflicts, Villains, Resolutions: Towards models of Narrative Media Framing
Creators: name: Frermann, Lea
name: Li, Jiatong
name: Khanehzar, Shima
name: Mikolajczak, Gosia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite increasing interest in the automatic detection of media frames in NLP, the problem is typically simplified as single-label classification and adopts a topic-like view on frames, evading modelling the broader document-level narrative. In this work, we revisit a widely used conceptualization of framing from the communication sciences which explicitly captures elements of narratives, including conflict and its resolution, and integrate it with the narrative framing of key entities in the story as heroes, victims or villains. We adapt an effective annotation paradigm that breaks a complex annotation task into a series of simpler binary questions, and present an annotated data set of English news articles, and a case study on the framing of climate change in articles from news outlets across the political spectrum. Finally, we explore automatic multi-label prediction of our frames with supervised and semi-supervised approaches, and present a novel retrieval-based method which is both effective and transparent in its predictions. We conclude with a discussion of opportunities and challenges for future work on document-level models of narrative framing.
description: Published in ACL 2023