cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Neural population dynamics during sleep in a songbird vocal circuit resemble sharp wave ripple activity
Creators: name: Lorenz, Corinna
name: Das, Anindita
name: Gervini Zampieri Centeno, Eduarda
name: Yeganegi, Hamed
name: Duvoisin, Robin
name: Ursu, Roman
name: Retailleau, Aude
name: Giret, Nicolas
name: Leblois, Arthur
name: Hahnloser, Richard H.R.
name: Ondracek, Janie M.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: During vocal learning, juvenile songbirds use auditory feedback and trial-and-error motor learning to transition from acoustically simple, highly variable songs to complex and stereotypical adult songs. Similar to motor skill learning in mammals, vocal learning in songbirds requires a set of interconnected brain areas that make up an analogous basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuit known as the anterior forebrain pathway (AFP). Although neural activity in the AFP has been extensively investigated during awake singing, very little is known about its neural activity patterns during offline sleep periods.

In this work, we used chronically implanted Neuropixels probes to investigate neural activity in the AFP during offline periods of natural sleep. We found that neurons in the pallial region LMAN (lateral magnocellular nucleus of the nidopallium) transitioned from sparse synchronous firing to asynchronous firing during sleep, which corresponded to slow wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, respectively. SWS periods were associated with increased spiking variability for LMAN neurons, but not for neurons in the striatal region Area X (proper name). Coinciding with the increased spiking variability, we observed that populations of LMAN neurons were co-activated at specific time points during sleep in bursting events that were characterized by a negative deflection in the local field potential (LFP) and a transient increase in gamma power. Overall, the LMAN population bursting events were highly reminiscent of sharp-wave ripple (SWR) activity observed in rodent hippocampus.

Contrary to our expectations, we did not observe strong cross-area field coherence between LMAN and Area X, although individual LMAN-Area X LFP pairs did show coherence > 0.5. These results provide the first description of cross-area dynamics within the AFP during sleep. Furthermore, the observation of SWR-like events during sleep in LMAN suggests that large-scale population events have diverse functions across vertebrates.
description: bioRxiv
Anyphops lucia Corronca 2005, n. sp.
Creators: name: Corronca, J. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Selenopidae
Anyphops
Anyphops lucia

description: Anyphops lucia n. sp.
(Figure 1g –i; Map 1)
 Type. Female holotype from South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, St Lucia National Park, Fanies Camp (28 ° S, 32 ° 309E), 24 January 1991, coll. V. D. and B. Roth, CAS.
 Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition referring to the type locality.
 Diagnosis. Anyphops lucia n. sp. shares with A. lawrencei the presence of a prolateral and longitudinal pale band limited by two grey parallel lines on Fe IV, but the rest of the colour pattern of the body is different (Figure 1g). The middle field of the epigynum as a depression is shared with A. lycosifomis and A. natalensis, but in A. lucia n. sp. it is larger and the lateral lobes of the epigynum are undistinguished (Figure 1h); the copulatory ducts are long and cross above the spermathecae length as in Figure 1i.
 Female holotype. Total body length 7.73. Prosoma 3.21 length, 3.21 width. Eye sizes: AME 0.21, ALE 0.14, PME 0.26, PLE 0.28. Opisthosoma 4.05 length, 2.64 width. Leg formula 4321?. Leg spination: Fe II p1.1.1, d1.1.1, r0.1.1, IV p1.1.1, d1.1.1, r1.1.1; Tib II v2.2.2.2, IV p1.0.1, d0.1.0, v2.2.0, r1.0.1; Mt II v2.2.2, IV v2.2.2, r1.1.0. Prosoma redbrown with lateral dark grey irregular markings reaching to the lateral edges, as in Figure 1g. Chelicerae red-brown with a wide longitudinal inner dark brown band. Legs orange-brown, mottled dark grey. Patellae II and IV with dark basal band and Fe IV with a prolateral and longitudinal pale line limited by grey parallel lines. Metatarsus IV with a dark terminal spot. Dorsum of opisthosoma whitish, dotted by grey irregular spots, lateral and posterior portion darker, as in Figure 1g. Venter of the opisthosoma pale yellow-grey. Epigynum and internal structures as in Figure 1h, i.
 Note. Specimen without legs I and III.
 Male. Unknown.
 Distribution. Only type locality.
description: Published as part of Corronca, J. A., 2005, Re-description of the lycosiformis species group of Anyphops Benoit and description of two new species (Araneae, Selenopidae), pp. 1381-1393 in Journal of Natural History 39 (17) on page 1386, DOI: 10.1080/00222930400008868, http://zenodo.org/record/5214673
Large Interferometer for Exoplanets (LIFE): characterizing the mid-infrared thermal emission of terrestrial exoplanets
Creators: name: Lichtenberg, Tim
name: Quanz, Sascha Patrick
name: Noack, Lena
name: Angerhausen, Daniel
name: Rugheimer, Sarah
name: Glauser, Adrian Michael
name: Kammerer, Jens
name: Fortier, Andrea
name: Ireland, Michael
name: Defrère, Denis
name: Linz, Hendrik
name: Iro, Nicolas
name: Life Collaboration
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: The atmospheric characterization of a significant number of terrestrial exoplanets is a major goal of 21st century astrophysics. However, none of the currently adopted missions worldwide has the technical capabilities to achieve this goal. Here we present the LIFE mission concept, which addresses this issue by investigating the scientific potential and technological challenges of an ambitious mission employing a formation-flying nulling interferometer in space working at mid-infrared wavelengths. LIFE, in synergy with other planned future missions, will for the first time in human history enable us to understanding global biosignatures and planetary habitability in the context of the diversity of planetary systems. Breakthroughs in our understanding of the exoplanet population and relevant technologies justify the need, but also the feasibility, for future atmosphere characterization and life detection missions to investigate one of the most fundamental questions of humankind: how frequent and diverse are global biospheres in the galaxy?
description: EGUsphere
On some recent results in the theory of the zeta-function
Creators: name: Ivić, Aleksandar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M06

description: This review article brings forth some recent results in the theory of the Riemann zeta-function $qzeta(s)$.
description: 10 pages, conference
Characterization of Exoplanets with LIFE (Large Interferometer For Exoplanets)
Creators: name: Noack, Lena
name: Lichtenberg, Tim
name: Alei, Eleonora
name: Angerhausen, Daniel
name: Quanz, Sascha Patrick
name: The LIFE Team
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: The ESA Voyage 2050 report (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/voyage-2050) names the “characterisation of temperate exoplanets in the mid-infrared, through a first spectrum of direct thermal emission from exoplanet atmospheres to better understand if they harbour truly habitable surface conditions” as one of the top three priorities for future large-scale missions. This is the goal of the mission concept LIFE - Large Interferometer For Exoplanets (https://life-space-mission.com/). The LIFE initiative is currently investigating the scientific potential and technological challenges of an ambitious mission using a formation-flying nulling interferometer in space operating at mid-infrared wavelengths. The poster will outline the basic concept of the LIFE mission and present predictions for the discovery yield of exoplanets in our neighborhood as well as recent key results regarding the detectability of biosignatures and indicators of habitability.
description: EPSC Abstracts, 17
Comment on "Quantum mechanics of smeared particles"
Creators: name: Brau, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent article, Sastry has proposed a quantum mechanics of smeared particles. We show that the effects induced by the modification of the Heisenberg algebra, proposed to take into account the delocalization of a particle defined via its Compton wavelength, are important enough to be excluded experimentally.
description: 2 pages
Nature of order from random two-body interactions
Creators: name: Drozdz, S.
name: Wojcik, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the origin of order in the low-lying spectra of many-body systems with random two-body interactions. Our study based both on analytical as well as on numerical arguments shows that except for the most $J$-stretched states, the ground states in the higher $J$-sectors are more orderly and develop larger energy gaps than the ones in the J=0-sector. Due to different characteristic energy scales in different $J$-sectors the J=0 ground states may predominate only when all the states are taken together.
description: LaTeX2e-RevTeX, 11 pages, 5 Postscript figures
First or Second Best Solutions? Looking back on Australian Agri-Environmental Policy from 2020
Creators: name: Young, Mike
name: Young, Mike
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: Drawing on statements emerging from Europe and North America, what might an economic historian write about agri-environmental policy in 2020? Reflecting on the last 20 years, the historian might report • The emergence of environmental assurance systems as a way to gain access to international markets; • The emergence of environmental NGOs as sought-after drivers of agricultural - not environmental - policy; • The major international debate about the extent of Australian agricultural subsidies and European insistence that Australian agricultural externalities, because of failure to internalise environmental externalities, was one of the most subsidised agricultural industries in the world; • The embarrassing flaw that emerged in national “cost-sharing” and “investment-sharing” policies; • The impact of a series of AARES papers that led to the introduction of rural landscape stewardship payments and the removal of 50% of the Australian agricultural and pastoral landscape from production; • A change in COAG focus from water allocation to water quality and the impact of agriculture practices on other sectors; • The mess we ended up in because we granted the environment an absolute rather than prior right in the definition of water rights, fishing rights and pollution rights; • The huge “Kyoto” debates we had when NFF suddenly realised that greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture were greater than those from the transport industry; • The rediscovery of regulation as the most cost-effective way to manage catchment scale problems not efficiently internalised through paddock scale farm management; • The impacts of the national attempt to define duty of care for each industry and each region which emerged from the National Land and Water Resources Audit’s findings; and • The re-emergence of tax policy as a vehicle for delivery of incentives to the farm industry. In short, the two decades from 2000 to 2020 were the decades when agri-politicians became environmental spokespeople. A footnote on page 10 of the economic historian’s paper observed some new institutional and academic arrangements. In the “now” leading universities, faculties were organised along trans-disciplinary lines. AARES had merged with several other societies. In 2020, it was no longer possible to obtain a B. Ag. Ec. from an Australasian University.
MOESM1 of CRISPR-Cas13d mediates robust RNA virus interference in plants
Creators: name: Mahas, Ahmed
name: Aman, Rashid
name: Magdy Mahfouz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. TRBO-GFP virus genome. Figure S2. Cas13 proteins are required for RNA virus interference. Figure S3. CasRx mediates efficient interference against TuMV-GFP virus by preventing its systemic spread in wild type N. benthamiana plants. Figure S4. Confirmation of Cas13 protein expression in permanent N. benthamiana lines. Figure S5. Multiplexed targeting of TRBO-BFP and PVX-GFP viruses through delivery of two different crRNAs with CasRx. Sequence S1. BzCas13b amino acid sequence (3xHA-BzCas13b-NLS). Sequence S2. BzCas13b full-length plant codon optimized DNA sequence (3x-HA-BzCas13b-NLS). Map S1. BzCas13b in pK2GW7 (HA-BzCas13b-NLS). Table S1. crRNA sequences used in this study. Table S2. primers used in this study.
CASSCF with Extremely Large Active Spaces using the Adaptive Sampling Configuration Interaction Method
Creators: name: Levine, Daniel S.
name: Hait, Diptarka
name: Tubman, Norm M.
name: Lehtola, Susi
name: Whaley, K. Birgitta
name: Head-Gordon, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) method is the principal approach employed for studying strongly correlated systems. However, exact CASSCF can only be performed on small active spaces of ~20 electrons in ~20 orbitals due to exponential growth in the computational cost. We show that employing the Adaptive Sampling Configuration Interaction (ASCI) method as an approximate Full CI solver in the active space allows CASSCF-like calculations within chemical accuracy (<1 kcal/mol for relative energies) in active spaces with more than ~50 active electrons in ~50 active orbitals, significantly increasing the sizes of systems amenable to accurate multiconfigurational treatment. The main challenge with using any selected CI-based approximate CASSCF is the orbital optimization problem; they tend to exhibit large numbers of local minima in orbital space due to their lack of invariance to active-active rotations (in addition to the local minima that exist in exact CASSCF). We highlight methods that can avoid spurious local extrema as a practical solution to the orbital optimization problem. We employ ASCI-SCF to demonstrate lack of polyradical character in moderately sized periacenes with up to 52 correlated electrons and compare against heat-bath CI on an iron porphyrin system with more than 40 correlated electrons.
description: 44 pages, 5 figures
Hierarchical Information Flow for Generalized Efficient Image Restoration
Creators: name: Li, Yawei
name: Ren, Bin
name: Liang, Jingyun
name: Ranjan, Rakesh
name: Liu, Mengyuan
name: Sebe, Nicu
name: Yang, Ming-Hsuan
name: Benini, Luca
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While vision transformers show promise in numerous image restoration (IR) tasks, the challenge remains in efficiently generalizing and scaling up a model for multiple IR tasks. To strike a balance between efficiency and model capacity for a generalized transformer-based IR method, we propose a hierarchical information flow mechanism for image restoration, dubbed Hi-IR, which progressively propagates information among pixels in a bottom-up manner. Hi-IR constructs a hierarchical information tree representing the degraded image across three levels. Each level encapsulates different types of information, with higher levels encompassing broader objects and concepts and lower levels focusing on local details. Moreover, the hierarchical tree architecture removes long-range self-attention, improves the computational efficiency and memory utilization, thus preparing it for effective model scaling. Based on that, we explore model scaling to improve our method's capabilities, which is expected to positively impact IR in large-scale training settings. Extensive experimental results show that Hi-IR achieves state-of-the-art performance in seven common image restoration tasks, affirming its effectiveness and generalizability.
description: arXiv
Intangible Capital, Innovation, and Growth in China
Creators: name: Fleisher, Belton
name: McGuire, William
name: Smith, Adam
name: Zhou, Mi
name: Fleisher, Belton
name: McGuire, William
name: Smith, Adam
name: Zhou, Mi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Production Economics
subject: Intangible capital
subject: technology
subject: economic growth
subject: intellectual property
subject: Asia
subject: China

description: We study the relationship between industry-level investments in intangible capital (IC) and three key economic indicators in China. We find that investments in IC are productivity-enhancing among Chinese enterprises—more so in domestically owned than in foreign invested enterprises. Consistent with other research, we find that China’s IC generates new patents, but fewer than in major industrialized economies. Among domestically owned enterprises, we find that IC growth has been associated with increasing export-competitiveness, while among foreign invested enterprises, it has been oriented more toward improving domestic sales.
MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS: A CRITIQUE FROM AN ECONOMIST’S PERSPECTIVE
Creators: name: Gillespie, Robert
name: Gillespie, Robert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA) is a decision support technique that is increasingly being used to evaluate alternative resource use and policy options, often as an alternative to benefit cost analysis. However, MCA has a number of quite serious potential flaws that are examined here with reference to a MCA of future urban growth options for the Hastings Local Government Area. These flaws arise because MCA has no established theoretical framework or uniform set of principles. Consequently, different analysts can apply different criteria and different methods of ranking options against the criteria and get entirely different results. The method is therefore prone to the arbitrary and subjective judgments of the analyst. It is concluded that if decision makers are genuinely interested in how alternative resource allocation options compare against economic, financial, environmental and social criteria, then there is no substitute for undertaking separate specific detailed evaluations such as benefic cost analysis, financial analysis, environmental impact assessment and social impact assessment. Attempts to integrate the results of these assessments using the subjective and arbitrary procedures of MCA only serve to obscure the results of individual analyses and the tradeoffs involved between objectives.
Effective Lagrangians for physical degrees of freedom in the Randall-Sundrum model
Creators: name: Boos, Edward E.
name: Kubyshin, Yuri A.
name: Smolyakov, Mikhail N.
name: Volobuev, Igor P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the second variation Lagrangian of the Randall-Sundrum model with two branes, study its gauge invariance and diagonalize it in the unitary gauge. We also show that the effective four-dimensional theory looks different on different branes and calculate the observable mass spectra and the couplings of the physical degrees of freedom of 5-dimensional gravity to matter.
description: 22 pages, LaTeX, typos corrected
The real locus of an involution map on the moduli space of flat connections on a Riemann surface
Creators: name: Ho, Nan-Kuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D12

description: It is known that every nonorientable surface $Σ$ has an orientable double cover $\tildeΣ$. The covering map induces an involution on the moduli space $\tilde{\M}$ of gauge equivalence classes of flat $G$-connections on $\tildeΣ$. We identify the relation between the moduli space $\M$ and the fixed point set of the moduli space $\tilde{\M}$. In particular, $\M$ is isomorphic to the fixed point set of $\tilde{\M}$ if and only if the order of the center of $G$ is odd. One important application is that we give a way to construct a minimal Lagrangian submanifold of the moduli space $\tilde{\M}$.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures
One thing that general relativity says about photons in matter
Creators: name: Antoci, S.
name: Mihich, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Let us abandon for a moment the strict epistemological standpoint of quantum field theory, that eventually comes to declare nonsensical any question about the photon posed outside the quantum theoretical framework. We can then avail of the works by Whittaker et al. and by Synge about the particle and the wave model of the photon in the vacuum of general relativity. We can also rely on important results found by Gordon and by Pham Mau Quan: thanks to Gordon's discovery of an effective metric these authors have been able to reduce to the vacuum case several problems of the electromagnetic theory of dielectrics. The joint use of these old findings allows one to conclude that a quantum theoretical photon in an isotropic dielectric has a classical simile only if the dielectric is also homogeneous.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure. Text to appear in Nuovo Cimento B
IntLoRA: Integral Low-rank Adaptation of Quantized Diffusion Models
Creators: name: Guo, Hang
name: Li, Yawei
name: Dai, Tao
name: Xia, Shu-Tao
name: Benini, Luca
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fine-tuning large-scale text-to-image diffusion models for various downstream tasks has yielded impressive results. However, the heavy computational burdens of tuning large models prevent personal customization. Recent advances have attempted to employ parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) techniques to adapt the floating-point (FP) or quantized pre-trained weights. Nonetheless, the adaptation parameters in existing works are still restricted to FP arithmetic, hindering hardware-friendly acceleration. In this work, we propose IntLoRA, to further push the efficiency limits by using integer type (INT) low-rank parameters to adapt the quantized diffusion models. By working in the integer arithmetic, our IntLoRA offers three key advantages: (i) for fine-tuning, the pre-trained weights are quantized, reducing memory usage; (ii) for storage, both pre-trained and low-rank weights are in INT which consumes less disk space; (iii) for inference, IntLoRA weights can be naturally merged into quantized pre-trained weights through efficient integer multiplication or bit-shifting, eliminating additional post-training quantization. Extensive experiments demonstrate that IntLoRA can achieve performance on par with or even superior to the vanilla LoRA, accompanied by significant efficiency improvements. Code is available at \url{https://github.com/csguoh/IntLoRA}.
description: arXiv
Exact Global Solutions of Brane Universes and Big Bounce
Creators: name: Liu, Hongya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact global solutions of five-dimensional cosmological models compactified on a $S_1/Z_2$ orbifold with two 3-branes are presented, and evolution of a simple model is studied. It is found that on all 4D spacetime hypersurfaces, except a singular one, the expanding universe was started not from a big bang but from a big bounce, and before the bounce the universe was in a deflationary contracting phase. It is also found that whether the energy density on the second brane is positive, zero, or negative depends on the size of the fifth dimension.
description: 10 pages, one figure, minor changes, to appear in Phys. Lett. B
An Issue of Debate: China’s Feedgrain Demand and Supply
Creators: name: Zhou, Zhang-Yue
name: Tian, Wei-Ming
name: Liu, Xi-An
name: Wan, Guang-Hua
name: Zhou, Zhang-Yue
name: Tian, Wei-Ming
name: Liu, Xi-An
name: Wan, Guang-Hua
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: In the past decade or so, China’s feedgrain demand and supply has drawn increased attention from both academia and government departments within and outside China. In this paper, we examine when and how China’s feedgrain demand and supply became a topical issue and why it is important. We will highlight, from earlier studies, key findings regarding how much feedgrains China will demand and whether China can supply the amount demanded. We will also elaborate on the reasons for the vast discrepancies in China’s feedgrain research findings and discuss the problems and difficulties encountered in studying China’s feedgrain issues. The paper concludes by pointing out the areas where further research efforts are needed.
Ricci flows and infinite dimensional algebras
Creators: name: Bakas, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The renormalization group equations of two-dimensional sigma models describe geometric deformations of their target space when the world-sheet length changes scale from the ultra-violet to the infra-red. These equations, which are also known in the mathematics literature as Ricci flows, are analyzed for the particular case of two-dimensional target spaces, where they are found to admit a systematic description as Toda system. Their zero curvature formulation is made possible with the aid of a novel infinite dimensional Lie algebra, which has anti-symmetric Cartan kernel and exhibits exponential growth. The general solution is obtained in closed form using Backlund transformations, and special examples include the sausage model and the decay process of conical singularities to the plane. Thus, Ricci flows provide a non-linear generalization of the heat equation in two dimensions with the same dissipative properties. Various applications to dynamical problems of string theory are also briefly discussed. Finally, we outline generalizations to higher dimensional target spaces that exhibit sufficient number of Killing symmetries.
description: 10 pages, contribution to 36th Ahrenshoop meeting, Berlin
An Interactive Approach to Community Development Decisoin Making
Creators: name: Debertin, David L.
name: Debertin, David L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: rural development
subject: computerized decision making

description: The effective delivery of computerized decision aids for policymakers who must deal with problems of economic development has been of increasing interest to both extension and research workers in rural development. This paper describes efforts recently completed at the University of Kentucky that we feel represent the most advanced approach yet available with respect to the delivery on a comprehensive planning model for rural development.
Real clocks and the Zeno effect
Creators: name: Egusquiza, I. L.
name: Garay, L. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Real clocks are not perfect. This must have an effect in our predictions for the behaviour of a quantum system, an effect for which we present a unified description encompassing several previous proposals. We study the relevance of clock errors in the Zeno effect, and find that generically no Zeno effect can be present (in such a way that there is no contradiction with currently available experimental data). We further observe that, within the class of stochasticities in time addressed here, there is no modification in emission lineshapes.
description: 12 a4 pages, no figures
The Evolution of Fashionable Research in Agricultural Economics
Creators: name: Debertin, David L.
name: Bradford, Garnett L.
name: Debertin, David L.
name: Bradford, Garnett L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: research methodology
subject: agricultural economics research
subject: quantitative techniques in economics

description: This paper examines some of the historical trends in the evolution of research using econometrics, simulation, and operations research within agricultural economics. Agricultural economists are placing increased emphasis on economic theory and on increasingly sophisticated quantitative techniques. Implications of these trends for the future of agricultural economics research are discussed.
The Convex Information Bottleneck Lagrangian
Creators: name: Rodríguez-Gálvez, Borja
name: Thobaben, Ragnar
name: Skoglund, Mikael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The information bottleneck (IB) problem tackles the issue of obtaining relevant compressed representations $T$ of some random variable $X$ for the task of predicting $Y$. It is defined as a constrained optimization problem which maximizes the information the representation has about the task, $I(T;Y)$, while ensuring that a certain level of compression $r$ is achieved (i.e., $ I(X;T) \leq r$). For practical reasons, the problem is usually solved by maximizing the IB Lagrangian (i.e., $\mathcal{L}_{\text{IB}}(T;β) = I(T;Y) - βI(X;T)$) for many values of $β\in [0,1]$. Then, the curve of maximal $I(T;Y)$ for a given $I(X;T)$ is drawn and a representation with the desired predictability and compression is selected. It is known when $Y$ is a deterministic function of $X$, the IB curve cannot be explored and another Lagrangian has been proposed to tackle this problem: the squared IB Lagrangian: $\mathcal{L}_{\text{sq-IB}}(T;β_{\text{sq}})=I(T;Y)-β_{\text{sq}}I(X;T)^2$. In this paper, we (i) present a general family of Lagrangians which allow for the exploration of the IB curve in all scenarios; (ii) provide the exact one-to-one mapping between the Lagrange multiplier and the desired compression rate $r$ for known IB curve shapes; and (iii) show we can approximately obtain a specific compression level with the convex IB Lagrangian for both known and unknown IB curve shapes. This eliminates the burden of solving the optimization problem for many values of the Lagrange multiplier. That is, we prove that we can solve the original constrained problem with a single optimization.
description: 10 pages of main text, 2 page of references and 14 pages of appendices with the proofs, experimental details and caveats
Additional file 1 of Diagnostic performance of PET/CT in the detection of liver metastases in well-differentiated NETs
Creators: name: Grawe, Freba
name: Rosenberger, Natalie
name: Ingenerf, Maria
name: Beyer, Leonie
name: Eschbach, Ralf
name: Todica, Andrei
name: Seidensticker, Ricarda
name: Schmid-Tannwald, Christine
name: Cyran, Clemens C.
name: Ricke, Jens
name: Bartenstein, Peter
name: Auernhammer, Christoph. J.
name: Ruebenthaler, Johannes
name: Fabritius, Matthias P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
SPACE: A Novel Digital Tool for Assessing Hippocampal Structural Integrity in Older Adults
Creators: name: Minta, Karolina
name: Colombo, Giorgio
name: Tee, Mervin
name: Low, Marcus
name: Grübel, Jascha
name: Wiener, Jan
name: Chen, Christopher P.
name: Hilal, Saima
name: Schinazi, Victor
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Cognitive assessment
Cognitive map
Hippocampus
MRI
Spatial navigation
Volumetry

description: Hippocampal atrophy is a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease and is associated with deficits in navigation. We investigated whether a novel digital assessment, the Spatial Performance Assessment for Cognitive Evaluation (SPACE), can predict hippocampal integrity beyond traditional neuropsychological tests in older adults. Forty older male participants underwent structural MRI and completed the spatial and navigation tasks in SPACE along with a battery of neuropsychological tests typically used to detect cognitive impairment. A regression model revealed that worse performance in the path integration and mapping tasks significantly predicted smaller hippocampal volume above age, education and all neuropsychological tests. Critically, participants who successfully learned the positions of landmarks in a virtual environment during a path integration task and accurately reproduced the configuration in a mapping task had larger hippocampal volumes. These findings indicate that SPACE can serve as a valuable addition to traditional cognitive assessments by providing greater sensitivity for assessing hippocampal volume.
description: Research Square
description: ISSN:2693-5015
MOESM6 of Efficacy and safety of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate in patients with baseline serum potassium level ≥ 5.5 mmol/L: pooled analysis from two phase 3 trials
Creators: name: Alpesh Amin
name: Menoyo, Jose
name: Singh, Bhupinder
name: Kim, Christopher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6: Table S3. Serum chemistry laboratory parameters in the correction phase (N = 166).
Note Illustrative della Carta geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000 F. 214, Bargagli, Servizio Geologico d'Italia - ISPRA
Creators: name: Elter, P.
name: Marroni, M.
name: Pandolfi, L.
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 2015
Subjects: carta geologica, Bargagli, Liguria, Piemonte, CARG, stratigrafia, tettonica, sottosuolo, geological map, stratigraphy, tectonics, subsurface

description: Note illustrative redatte per il Foglio geologico n. 214 Bargagli della Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000. 119 pp.
Anyphops lycosiformis
Creators: name: Corronca, J. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Selenopidae
Anyphops
Anyphops lycosiformis

description: Anyphops lycosiformis (Lawrence, 1937)
 (Figure 2a–c; Map 1) Selenops lycosiformis Lawrence 1937, p 246. Female holotype from South Africa, Zululand, Nkandhla Forest (28 ° 379S, 31 ° 049E), NM 1371, examined.
 Anyphops lycosiformis: Benoit 1968, p 116.
 Diagnosis. The colour pattern of the opisthosoma of A. lycosiformis is different to that of A. ngome n. sp., but the colour pattern of the prosoma is similar, and it resembles that of many lycosid spiders. The shape of the epigynum and spermathecae (Figure 2b, c) of A. lycosiformis are characteristics.
 Female holotype. Total body length 7.70. Prosoma 3.30 length, 3.40 width. Eye sizes: AME 0.18, ALE 0.15, PME 0.20, PLE 0.23. Opisthosoma 4.40 length, 3.40 width. Leg formula 4231. Leg spination: Fe I p0.1.0, d1.1.1. r1.0.0, II d1.1.1, r1.0.1, III d1.1.1, r1.0.0; IV d1.1.1, r0.0.1; Tib I –II v2.2.2.2, III –IV v2.2.0, Mt I –IV v2.2.2. Prosoma orange-brown with a light middle central area (Figure 2a). Chelicerae orange-brown with dark marking in distal portion. Legs pale orange-yellow with markings: three incomplete rings on femora and two on tibiae; metatarsi and tarsi pale yellowish. Dorsum of opisthosoma pale brown with light yellowish central area; venter light yellow. Epigynum and internal structures as in Figure 2b, c.
 Male. Unknown.
 Distribution. Only type locality.
description: Published as part of Corronca, J. A., 2005, Re-description of the lycosiformis species group of Anyphops Benoit and description of two new species (Araneae, Selenopidae), pp. 1381-1393 in Journal of Natural History 39 (17) on pages 1386-1388, DOI: 10.1080/00222930400008868, http://zenodo.org/record/5214673
MOESM4 of Efficacy and safety of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate in patients with baseline serum potassium level ≥ 5.5 mmol/L: pooled analysis from two phase 3 trials
Creators: name: Alpesh Amin
name: Menoyo, Jose
name: Singh, Bhupinder
name: Kim, Christopher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Table S1. Median time to achievement of serum K+ level ≤ 5.1 mmol/L in the correction phase.
High-Throughput screening of the CoRE MOF database to predict cross-linking of Metal-Organic Frameworks
Creators: name: Ahmad, Momin
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2021
Subjects: Metal-Organic Framework
MOF
in silico
screening
high-throughput
Simulation
Molekulardynamik
cross-linker
cross-linking
Quervernetzung

description: Metall-organische Gerüststrukturen (engl. Metal-Organic Framework, MOF) sind poröse kristalline Materialien, die in den letzten Jahrzehnten immer mehr an Popularität gewonnen haben. Das liegt an erster Stelle an ihrer Vielseitigkeit, die eine Anwendung in unterschiedlichsten Anwendungsgebieten wie Gastrennung oder Gasspeicherung ermöglicht. Die Bausteine der MOFs sind zum einen die Metallzentren und zum anderen organische Linker, die zwei oder mehr Metallzentren miteinander verbinden. Durch diesen modularen Aufbau ist es möglich aus wenigen Bausteinen viele verschiedene neuartige kristalline Strukturen durch Variation zu erzeugen. Um MOFs als bioaktive Materialien nutzen zu können, ist es wünschenswert die Metalle herauszulösen, da eine etwaige toxische Reaktion durch die Metalle in vivo nicht gänzlich ausgeschlossen werden kann. Zudem ist die eingeschränkte Stabilität in wässriger Umgebung vieler MOF Strukturen ein weiterer Nachteil dieser Materialklasse für die Anwendung in der Biologie oder Medizin. Um die Vorteile der MOFs auch für solche Anwendungen nutzen zu können, wurde eine Strategie entwickelt in der die organischen Linker mit sekundären Linkern (cross-linker) quervernetzt werden (cross-linking). Dies erhöht die Stabilität des MOFs, sodass die Metalle anschließend problemlos entfernt werden können. Das Problem besteht darin die passenden cross-linker für eine bestimmte MOF Struktur zu finden. Zum einen muss der cross-linker ideal in die Struktur passen ohne sie zu verzerren, zum anderen sollte ein durchgängiges cross-linking der Struktur möglich sein, um Größen skalieren zu können. Der modulare Aufbau der MOFs hat aber auch zur Folge, dass die Zahl der theoretisch möglichen MOFs sehr stark zugenommen hat. Große Datenbanken mit zehntausenden solcher Strukturen sind entstanden. Den passenden MOF für einen gegebenen cross-linker zu finden gleicht nun der Suche nach der Nadel im Heuhaufen. In dieser Arbeit geht es gerade darum diese eine Nadel (oder mehrere) zu finden. Durch ein computergestütztes Screening soll eine MOF Datenbank durchleuchtet werden, um nach passenden MOF Kandidaten für einen gegebenen cross-linker zu suchen. Die Analyse und Auswertung dieser Datenbank gibt Aufschluss darüber, ob und wie eine MOF-Struktur sich quervernetzen lässt. Das Ergebnis des Screenings ist demnach eine Vorhersage einer MOF-Struktur, in der ein oder mehrere vorher bekannte cross-linker ideal hineinpassen. Die aus diesem Projekt vorhergesagten MOF cross-linker Kombinationen dienen als Vorlage für zukünftige experimentelle Arbeiten, deren Fokus auf die vielversprechendsten Kandidaten gelenkt wird.
MOESM5 of Efficacy and safety of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate in patients with baseline serum potassium level ≥ 5.5 mmol/L: pooled analysis from two phase 3 trials
Creators: name: Alpesh Amin
name: Menoyo, Jose
name: Singh, Bhupinder
name: Kim, Christopher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Table S2. Median time to achievement of i-STAT K+ levels ≤ 5.5, ≤ 5.1, and ≤ 5.0 mmol/L in patients with baseline serum K+ level ≥ 5.5 mmol/L in the correction phase.
The Future of European Strategy in a Changing Geopolitical Environment: Challenges and Prospects
Creators: name: Breslin, Shaun
name: Posen, Barry R.
name: Smeets, Max Willem Eline
name: Sus, Monika
name: Fiott, Daniel
name: Carlson, Brian G.
name: Palm, Trineke
name: Palm, Trineke
name: Thompson, John Jack
name: van Hooft, Paul
name: Foulon, Michiel
name: Larsen, Henrik Boesen Lindbo
name: Criekemans, David
name: Biscop, Sven
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2021
Subjects: European Union
China
United States of America
European strategy
Defense
Trade
International norms
Energy diversification

description: ISBN:978-94-92102-82-9
On Superconductivity of One-Dimensional Channel with Strong Electron-Electron Interaction
Creators: name: Afonin, V. V.
name: Gantsevich, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ground state of one-dimensional channel with strong attractive electron-electron interaction at low temperatures. In spite of the fact that at low temperatures the ground state of one-dimensional attracting electrons is a state with a macroscopically large number of cooperons, the resulting superconducting phase has a number of significant differences. Namely, the order parameter (which should appear in the superconducting phase according to Landau's phenomenological theory) turns out to be zero. However, elastic impurities implanted in a one-dimensional channel will not lead to dissipation of the supercurrent associated with the condensate movement as a whole.
description: 15 pages
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in a cat
Creators: name: Pugliese, Michela
name: La Maestra, Rocky
name: La Gamba, Giulia
name: Lanteri, Giovanni
name: Passantino, Annamaria
Publisher: name: Atti della Accademia Peloritana dei Pericolanti - Classe di Scienze Medico-Biologiche
Year: 2021
Subjects: Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, cardiac arrhythmia, cardiac disease, feline heart disease

description: Cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders of the myocardium, characterized by multiple clinical manifestations with different prognoses (1). In cats, heart disease is frequent and is considered one of the most common causes of death (2,3). ARVC is rare in pets and has a lot of similarities to human ARVC (4,5). Signs of the disease include moderate/severe dilation of the right ventricle, regional or diffuse thinning of the wall, and sometimes aneurysm. The histological examination shows the presence of adipose or fibrous tissue that replaces myocardium, focal myocarditis, and cell apoptosis, more frequent in the right ventricular wall (6). Clinical signs are related to right-sided heart failure; dyspnea caused by pleural effusion, ascites, turgor of the jugular veins, episodes of syncope (5,6). The outcome of the disease is not favorable, especially when the symptoms of heart failure become evident (6).
description: Atti della Accademia Peloritana dei Pericolanti - Classe di Scienze Medico-Biologiche, Vol 109, No 1 (2021): Partial Issue
Harmonizing Assistance: Moderating Visual andTextual Aids in AI-Enhanced Textbook Readingwith IRead
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiaoyu
name: Dörig, Vincent
name: Cui, Peng
name: Zouhar, Vilém
name: Netland, Torbjörn
name: Sachan, Mrinmaya
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Textbook reading support
Learning engagement
Question generation

description: Textbooks continue to be one of primary mediums of learning. Students often need additional support during the process of reading textbooks leading to several research efforts that aim to increase student engagement and provide tailored experiences in textbook reading. However, providing excessive information beyond the textbook can also distract students from the reading task. When enhancing the reading experience, one has to strike a delicate balance between providing sufficient informational support and maintaining students’ focus on textbook reading. Fusing together latest developments in large language models (LLMs), their applications in education and several pedagogical theories, we design a textbook reading guidance mechanism. We introduce IRead, an interactive tool for textbook reading which uses LLMs with visualization and interaction techniques, to enhance students’ reading and learning experiences. IRead incorporates conceptual visualizations that reflect the textbook’s content and features an AI-driven question bot that generates questions and offers hints in response to student reading and interaction history. We evaluate IRead with a between-subject user study and measure the effectiveness of our methodology in supporting the students’ reading experience based on the Bloom’s Taxonomy and the ARCS model. We collect feedback from participants ranging from undergraduate to doctorate students. The results highlight the effectiveness of simple yet intuitive visualizations, such as the concept tree in IRead. We also derive general insights for the development of tools that enhance educational reading experiences.
description: Research Square
description: ISSN:2693-5015