cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Η εξέλιξη των επικοινωνιών στη θάλασσα : από τα σήματα Μορς έως τις δορυφορικές επικοινωνίες
Creators: name: Λάμπρου, Αικατερίνη Σπυριδούλα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ορατή συνεννόηση
subject: Τηλέγραφος
subject: GMDSS
subject: Δορυφορικές επικοινωνίες

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία αποτελεί μια ιστορική αναδρομή των ναυτικών επικοινωνιών από το 1817 έως σήμερα. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο αναλύεται εκτενώς η επικοινωνία των πλοίων μέσω της Ορατής Συνεννόησης. Φωτεινά σήματα, σημαίες και σήματα δια βραχιόνων είναι οι τρόποι που επινόησαν οι ναυτικοί για να μπορούν να επικοινωνούν στη θάλασσα. Εν συνεχεία, στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο, μια καινούργια εποχή έρχεται στον τομέα των ναυτικών επικοινωνιών όταν ο Guglielmo Marconi κατορθώνει και αναπτύσσει την ασύρματη τηλεγραφία και ξεκινά η εγκατάσταση ασύρματου τηλέγραφου στα πλοία. Μια νέα ειδικότητα εμφανίζεται, και δεν είναι άλλη από αυτή του μαρκόνη, ο οποίος είναι υπεύθυνος για τη λήψη και αποστολή μηνυμάτων όταν το πλοίο είναι εν πλω. Σαφώς, η επικοινωνία μέσω ασύρματου τηλεγράφου δεν θα μπορούσε να αποκατασταθεί χωρίς τον Κώδικα Μορς, έναν συνδυασμό από τελείες και παύλες που αντιστοιχούν σε κάθε γράμμα και αριθμό. Εφευρέτης του κώδικα Μορς δεν θα μπορούσε να ήταν άλλος από τον Σαμουέλ Μορς. Η εργασία ολοκληρώνεται με την αναφορά στα επίγεια και δορυφορικά μέσα επικοινωνίας που ξεκινήσαν στα μέσα του εικοστού αιώνα και συγκεκριμένα στη λειτουργία του GMDSS. Για τη δημιουργία και επιβολή αυτού του Παγκόσμιου Ναυτιλιακού Συστήματος Κινδύνου και Ασφάλειας απαιτήθηκε η δημιουργία μιας πληθώρας Οργανισμών και η σύναψη πολλών Συμβάσεων, όπως αυτές αναλύονται στην εργασία. Τέλος, να σημειωθεί πως έγινε μεγάλη προσπάθεια έτσι ώστε τα γεγονότα και οι εξελίξεις να αναγραφούν με χρονολογική σειρά.
Are foundation models efficient for medical image segmentation?
Creators: name: Ferreira, Danielle
name: Arnaout, Rima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Foundation models are experiencing a surge in popularity. The Segment Anything model (SAM) asserts an ability to segment a wide spectrum of objects but required supervised training at unprecedented scale. We compared SAM's performance (against clinical ground truth) and resources (labeling time, compute) to a modality-specific, label-free self-supervised learning (SSL) method on 25 measurements for 100 cardiac ultrasounds. SAM performed poorly and required significantly more labeling and computing resources, demonstrating worse efficiency than SSL.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
title: Mediation als Instrument der Konfliktregelung am Beispiel von Mobbing
Creators: name: Nowak, Elisabeth
Year: 2009

description: Das Forschungsinteresse dieser Arbeit lag in der Untersuchung des Potenzials von Mediation in Unternehmenskommunikation am Beispiel von Mobbing. Das Ziel war es, herauszufiltern, inwiefern diese Methode im speziellen Fall von Mobbing als Instrument für Konfliktregelung genutzt werden kann und ihre Notwendigkeit einzuschätzen, sowie dadurch entstandene Chancen, möglicher Nutzen und Grenzen praktisch und theoretisch zu beurteilen. Zunächst wurde im theoretischen Teil, welcher sich auf die Methode der qualitativen Literaturanalyse als Teil der Metaforschung stützt, das Themengebiet des Konflikts als soziales Phänomen und die verschiedenen Typologien, Analysen und Interventionen von Konflikten dargestellt. Das nächste Kapitel widmet sich der Konflikthandlung des Mobbings. Es wird versucht den Zusammenhang zwischen Konflikt und Mobbing, die verschieden Arten von Mobbing, Verlauf, Ursachen und Folgen zu erläutern. Anschließend geht die Arbeit auf das Thema der Mediation ein. Zunächst werden die Grundlagen der Mediation vorgestellt, es wird erklärt was Mediation ist, auf welchen Grundlagen sie basiert und in welchen Anwendungsbereichen sie zum Einsatz kommen kann. Um einen tieferen Einblick in das Verfahren der Mediation zu gewährleisten, werden die verschieden Phasen der Mediation erläutert. Den Abschluss des theoretischen Teils dieser Arbeit, bildete der Überblick über das Kommunikationsverständnis der Mediation. Es wurde eine Einführung in die Thematik gegeben und danach wurden anhand theoretischer Erkenntnisse die Zusammenhänge zwischen Mediation und Kommunikation bearbeitet und die kommunikativen Grundregeln der Mediation vorgestellt. Neben der Literaturanalyse wurde auch eine empirische Untersuchung mittels qualitativen Interviews durchgeführt. Die gestellten Fragen basieren dabei auf der vorangegangenen Literaturuntersuchung. Ziel der Befragung war es eine Bewertung der Mediation und ihrer Effektivität aus unterschiedlichen Blickwinkeln aufzuzeigen Diese wurden aus der Sicht der Beteiligten Streitparteien, aus Sicht der Mediatorin/ des Mediators und aus Sicht der unmittelbaren KollegInnen analysiert. Zusammengefasst konnte aufgezeigt werden, dass die Intervention bei Mobbingfällen mittels Mediation in jedem Fall erschwerten Bedingungen ausgesetzt ist, da Mobbing zumeist erst dann erkannt wird, wenn die Konfliktparteien schon ein emotional stark krankmachendes Klima erreicht haben. Die Unterdrückung eines oder mehrerer Mitarbeiter durch ein Kollektiv hat sich dann bereits in eine alltägliche Struktur gewandelt und ein Eingreifen auf dieses implementierte Regelwerk gestaltet sich im Vergleich zu einem früh erkannten Konflikt wesentlich schwieriger. Eine Mediation ist nur ratsam, wenn alle Parteien willig sind, zu kooperieren und das Mobbing-Opfer physisch und psychisch noch nicht zu stark beeinträchtigt ist.
Estudio de la aplicación del principio de non bis in idem en los tipos penales relacionados con el régimen aduanero en Colombia
Creators: name: Forero Rubio, Laura Daniela
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Legislación aduanera - Colombia
subject: Derecho penal - Colombia
subject: Hidrocarburos - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Delitos aduaneros
subject: Non Bis In Ídem
subject: Derecho aduanero y comercio exterior
subject: Poder punitivo del Estado
subject: Régimen Jurídico Aduanero en Colombia

description: Este estudio se centra en los “delitos aduaneros” en Colombia, investiga las infracciones administrativas que trascienden a ilícitos penales. La investigación aborda los desafíos que el derecho aduanero y el comercio exterior presentan para las autoridades encargadas de controlar los procedimientos aduaneros, destacando así, la necesidad de garantizar el cumplimiento de las normas por parte de los obligados aduaneros. En el texto se analiza el poner punitivo del Estado en los ámbitos administrativo sancionatorio y penal. Asimismo, se aborda la problemática social y económica de las infracciones administrativas aduaneras que han evolucionado hacía la categoría de delitos. Por otro lado, se analizan las nociones generales del derecho penal y los elementos esenciales de los delitos aduaneros. Se aborda el principio Non bis in ídem y su aplicación en casos donde hay elementos similares entre delitos aduaneros, como el contrabando y el favorecimiento y facilitación del contrabando, así como el lavado de activos que puede tener como fuente uno de los delitos ya mencionados. El texto, se propone un análisis integral de los delitos penales aduaneros y la aplicación del principio constitucional Non bis in ídem, considerando el ámbito administrativo como el penal.
description: This study focuses on "custom offenses" in Colombia, investigating administrative infractions that transcend into criminal offenses. The research addresses the challenges that customs law and foreign trade present to the authorities responsible for controlling customs procedures, emphasizing the need to ensure compliance with regulations by those obligated to customs duties. The text analyzes the punitive power of the State in both administrative sanctioning and criminal realms. It delves into the social and economic issues stemming from administrative custom infractions that have evolved into the category of crimes. Furthermore, it examines the general concepts of criminal law and the essential elements of custom offenses. The principle of Non bis in idem is explored, considering its application in cases where there are similar elements among custom offenses, such as smuggling, aiding and facilitating smuggling, and money laundering, which may have one of the aforementioned offenses as its source. The text aims for a comprehensive analysis of customs criminal offenses and the application of the constitutional principle Non bis in idem, considering both the administrative and criminal scopes.
Data Processing for 2024 MATERIAL MECANICS Project at INSA Rouen Normandie using the given data by Lakhdar TALEB
Creators: name: Pauchet, Louis
name: Barbosa Pfeilsticker de Knegt, Gabriel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Full Changelog: https://github.com/LouisPauchet/2024_INSA_MM_Project/compare/Report...ReportZenodo
ROLE OF GLUTATHIONYLATION IN THE METABOLISM OF THE ANTI-BREAST CANCER AGENT EXEMESTANE AND POTENTIAL IMPACT ON EFFICACY
Creators: name: Teslenko, Irina Leonidovna
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: endocrine therapy
pharmacogenomics
Breast Cancer
Drug Metabolism

description: Exemestane (EXE) is prescribed for the treatment of estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer as part of endocrine therapy. Clinical studies have shown that EXE as an adjuvant therapy increases disease free survival. However, response and toxicities vary significantly among patients, which may be linked to the variation in the metabolism of EXE. Previous studies indicated that cysteine conjugates of EXE and 17β-dihydro-EXE (17β-DHE) are major phase II metabolites that account for 35% and 77% of the total EXE metabolites in plasma and urine of patients, respectively. Glutathione conjugation is the first step in the formation of major cysteine conjugate metabolites. However, the glutathionylation pathway and its contribution to the inter-individual variability in the metabolism of EXE have not been previously studied. Characterization of major hepatic cytosolic glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) revealed that GSTA1, GSTM3, and GSTM1 were active against EXE, but only GSTA1 was active against 17-DHE. Of the three isoforms, GSTA1 is the primary enzyme involved in EXE metabolism, exhibiting approximately 7.5-fold higher levels of expression in human liver than other active GSTs. The prevalent GSTA1*B allele contains a promoter region polymorphism that has been previously associated with decreased expression of the GSTA1 enzyme in vitro. Ex vivo studies utilizing liver tissues demonstrated that the GSTA1*B*B genotype is associated with a decrease in glutathione conjugation. In addition, GSTA1*B*B was associated with reductions in EXE-cys and DHE-cys in the plasma of ER+ breast cancer patients treated with EXE. These findings suggest that the GSTA1*B*B genotype is associated with interindividual variation in EXE metabolism. Additionally, in vitro aromatase inhibition studies were performed to assess the contribution of major phase II metabolites to the target anti-aromatase activity. EXE-cys demonstrated significant inhibition of the aromatase enzyme in a time dependent manner. Since aromatase is the key enzyme in the estrogen biosynthesis high circulating levels of EXE-cys in the EXE-treated patients may have a major role in lowering estrogen levels in vivo. Together, these results demonstrate that the glutathionylation pathway contributes to the variation in the EXE metabolism and may contribute to the variation in therapeutic outcomes and adverse events.
Excarcelación en el contexto del “estado de cosas inconstitucional” en las cárceles de Colombia
Creators: name: Alvarado Castillo, Daniela
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Excarcelación - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Procedimiento penal - Colombia
subject: Derechos humanos - Aspectos morales
subject: Política criminal
subject: Criminalización
subject: Estado de Cosas Inconstitucional
subject: Población privada de la libertad
subject: Cárcel

description: En esta tesis se planteó la necesidad de indagar en nuevos lineamientos en materia de política criminal cuyo impacto a nivel carcelario y penitenciario sea suficiente para amparar los derechos vulnerados de la población privada de la libertad y hagan más eficiente el derecho penal y la cárcel, como lo es la excarcelación para ciertos delitos. Lo anterior, se estudió en este trabajo a partir de la exposición del problema humanitario, a través de la explicación de la raíz de dicha violación de derechos, la cual concluyó con el planteamiento temático y practico de la Excarcelación. Ahora bien, la propuesta de excarcelación en este trabajo se hace a partir de los datos recogidos en el trabajo de investigación realizado no solo con los datos aportados por los casos internacionales como lo fue la Sentencia Brown vs Plata y la Doctrina Pareto, además, con los datos recogidos del trabajo metodológico mediante entrevistas y encuestas. Siguiendo con lo anterior, se estudia la implementación de la excarcelación bajo el marco de ciertos grupos delictuales cuya pena puede ser diferente a la privativa de la libertad en establecimiento carcelario porque “i) su nivel de representatividad de población dentro de las cárceles es muy alto; o ii) que la pena privativa de la libertad no tenga un efecto preventivo del daño que justifique dicha pena
description: In this thesis, the need to investigate new criminal policy guidelines whose impact at the prison and penitentiary level is sufficient to protect the violated rights of the population deprived of liberty and to make criminal law and prison more efficient, such as release from prison for certain crimes, was raised. The above was studied in this work from the exposition of the humanitarian problem, through the explanation of the root of this violation of rights, which concluded with the thematic and practical approach of the Excarceration. Now, the proposal for release from prison in this work is based on the data collected in the research work carried out not only with the data provided by international cases such as the Brown v. Plata Judgment and the Pareto Doctrine, but also with the data collected from the methodological work through interviews and surveys. Following on from the above, the implementation of release from prison is studied in the context of certain criminal groups whose punishment may be different from imprisonment in a prison establishment because "i) their level of representativeness of the prison population is very high; or ii) the prison sentence does not have a preventive effect on harm that justifies such punishment".
Additional file 1 of Effects of undergraduate ultrasound education on cross-sectional image understanding and visual-spatial ability - a prospective study
Creators: name: Weimer, Johannes
name: Ruppert, Johannes
name: Vieth, Thomas
name: Weinmann-Menke, Julia
name: Buggenhagen, Holger
name: Künzel, Julian
name: Rink, Maximilian
name: Lorenz, Liv
name: Merkel, Daniel
name: Ille, Carlotta
name: Yang, Yang
name: Müller, Lukas
name: Kloeckner, Roman
name: Weimer, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
title: SELF-ASSEMBLY DYNAMICS AND ENERGETICS AT THE SOLUTION/SOLID INTERFACE
title: CONCENTRATION AND SOLVENT CONTROL
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Gurdumov, Kirill
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023

description: A comprehensive investigation on the formation dynamics and energetics of adlayer formation at the at the solution/solid interface has been performed using scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) with a custom solution flow cell design that offers new insight into the self-assembly process. Understanding the formation kinetics and thermodynamics of self-assembled monolayers (SAM) provides insight into the delicate balance of intermolecular forces on the molecular scale. We herein investigate the growth, dynamics, and stability of a model non-covalent self-assembler -- Co(II) octaethylporphyrin at the solution/solution interface on the HOPG and Au(111) surfaces. Real-time imaging of the nucleation and growth of the self-assembled layer was captured and studied by in-situ STM, and further explored using computational methods. A custom STM solution flow cell was designed and implemented to allow for in-situ monitoring of self-assembly at very low concentrations and with volatile solvents. Flow studies at low concentration provide insight into early-stage kinetics and structural formation of a SAM. It was found that the choice of organic solvent plays a dramatic role in the kinetics and structure of the SAM. These results, in turn, provide insight into the balance of the intermolecular forces driving the self-assembly. The role of the solvent was particularly strong in the case of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB) on both HOPG and Au(111). Under TCB, a very stable rectangular structure is formed and stabilized by solvent-incorporation. A transition to a solvent free pseudo-hexagonal structure was only observed when extremely high concentrations of porphyrin were present in solution. Similarly, in the case of CoOEP adsorbed on Au(111) under toluene, a solvent-incorporated rectangular structure was observed that, like the TCB case, transitioned into a pseudo-hexagonal structure, but this transition occurred at much lower concentrations of porphyrin. Toluene co-adsorption was not observed on HOPG. When deposited from decane, a short-lived pseudo-rectangular structure was observed on Au(111) but not on HOPG. Only the pseudo-hexagonal structure was observed in the porphyrin adlayer when 1-phenyloctane were used as a solvent. On HOPG, mixed solvent competition was tested and gave further insight into the thermodynamic and kinetic roles that solvents play in self-assembly.
Additional file 2 of Effects of undergraduate ultrasound education on cross-sectional image understanding and visual-spatial ability - a prospective study
Creators: name: Weimer, Johannes
name: Ruppert, Johannes
name: Vieth, Thomas
name: Weinmann-Menke, Julia
name: Buggenhagen, Holger
name: Künzel, Julian
name: Rink, Maximilian
name: Lorenz, Liv
name: Merkel, Daniel
name: Ille, Carlotta
name: Yang, Yang
name: Müller, Lukas
name: Kloeckner, Roman
name: Weimer, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2
Finite-temperature phase transitions in S = 1/2 three-dimensional Heisenberg magnets from high-temperature series expansions
Creators: name: Gonzalez, M. G.
name: Bernu, B.
name: Pierre, L.
name: Messio, L.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Critical exponents
subject: Ferromagnetism
subject: Magnetic order
subject: Phase transitions
subject: Specific heat
subject: Transition temperature
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::538 Magnetismus

description: Many frustrated spin models on three-dimensional (3D) lattices are currently being investigated, both experimentally and theoretically, and develop new types of long-range orders in their respective phase diagrams. They present finite-temperature phase transitions, most likely in the Heisenberg 3D universality class. However, the combination between the 3D character and frustration makes them hard to study. We present here several methods derived from high-temperature series expansions (HTSEs), which give exact coefficients directly in the thermodynamic limit up to a certain order; for several 3D lattices, supplementary orders than in previous literature are reported for the HTSEs. We introduce an interpolation method able to describe thermodynamic quantities at T>Tc, which we use here to reconstruct the magnetic susceptibility and the specific heat and to extract universal and nonuniversal quantities (for example, critical exponents, temperature, energy, entropy, and other parameters related to the phase transition). While the susceptibility associated with the order parameter is not usually known for more exotic long-range orders, the specific heat is indicative of a phase transition for any kind of symmetry breaking. We present examples of applications on ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic models on various 3D lattices and benchmark our results whenever possible.
title: SMILING FACES, SUPPORTING PLACES
title: A SPATIAL EXPLORATION OF SOCIAL INFRASTRCTURE AND SOCIAL SUPPORT
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Reshetnikov, Aleksey
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023

description: Social support is the emotional, instrumental, appraisal, and informational support that is associated with beneficial life outcomes. In the past forty years there has been a shift in the social support seen by sociologists from extended lasting ties to brief disposable ties. This project evaluates how social support differs based on places (neighborhoods). The Los Angeles Family and Neighborhood Survey (LA FANS) and geospatial data are combined to understand how important neighborhood is in developing social support relationships. The idea of social infrastructure (locations we utilize to engage in social behaviors) is explored and evaluated as it relates to social support. This is done by first spatially examining the study site (Los Angeles) in detail to provide context for how the city functions and is organized. Next, the information from this spatial analysis is used to develop a multilevel analysis of neighborhood influences on social support. Concentrated disadvantage, immigration concentration, and density levels are explored as influences on social support. Further, social infrastructure counts in the neighborhood, and counts within a mile radius of the neighborhood, are explored as predictors of social support outcomes. The results of this study suggest that concentrated disadvantage and non-citizen population are both negatively associated with social support experiences. Despite theoretical assumptions, social infrastructure and urban density do not show any significant relationship to social support. The concentrated disadvantage finding aligns with sociological literature on the topic. In contrast, the non-citizen finding adds to a growing literature on whether immigrants experience more social support. The results of this study suggest that different immigrant groups (citizen vs. non-citizen) experience different levels of social support. This project concludes with an evaluation of these findings and suggestions for policymakers and sociologists moving forward.
Speed of sound and polytropic index in QCD matter
Creators: name: Liu, He
name: Yang, Yong-Hang
name: Yuan, Chi
name: Ju, Min
name: Wu, Xu-Hao
name: Chu, Peng-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the speed of sound and polytropic index of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) matter in the full phase diagram based on a 3-flavor Polyakov-looped Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (pNJL) model. The speed of sound and polytropic index in isothermal and adiabatic cases all have a dip structure at the low chemical potential side of the chiral phase transition boundary, and these quantities reach their global minimum values at the critical endpoint (CEP) but are not completely zero, where the values in adiabatic are lightly greater than those in isothermal. Different from the speed of sound, the polytropic index also exists a peak around the chiral phase transition boundary. Along the hypothetical chemical freeze-out lines, the speed of sound rapidly decreases near the CEP, followed by a small spinodal behavior, while the polytropic index, especially in isothermal, exhibits a more pronounced and nearly closed to zero dip structure as it approaches the CEP.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
SepT, a novel protein specific to multicellular cyanobacteria, influences peptidoglycan growth and septal nanopore formation in Anabaena sp. PCC 7120
Creators: name: Velázquez-Suárez, Cristina
name: Springstein, Benjamin L.
name: Nieves-Morión, Mercedes
name: Helbig, Andreas O.
name: Kieninger, Ann-Katrin
name: Maldener, Iris
name: Nürnberg, Dennis
name: Stucken, Karina
name: Luque, Ignacio
name: Dagan, Tal
name: Herrero, Antonia
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: coiled-coil-rich proteins
subject: divisome-dependent localization
subject: filamentous cyanobacteria
subject: septal peptidoglycan nanopores
subject: septal proteins
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 grows by forming filaments of communicating cells and is considered a paradigm of bacterial multicellularity. Molecular exchanges between contiguous cells in the filament take place through multiprotein channels that traverse the septal peptidoglycan through nanopores connecting their cytoplasms. Besides, the septal-junction complexes contribute to strengthen the filament. In search for proteins with coiled-coil domains that could provide for cytoskeletal functions in Anabaena, we identified SepT (All2460). SepT is characteristic of the phylogenetic clade of filamentous cyanobacteria with the ability to undergo cell differentiation. SepT-GFP fusions indicate that the protein is located at the cell periphery and, conspicuously, in the intercellular septa. During cell division, the protein is found at midcell resembling the position of the divisome. The bacterial adenylate cyclase two-hybrid analysis shows SepT interactions with itself and putative elongasome (MreB, RodA), divisome (FtsW, SepF, ZipN), and septal-junction (SepJ)-related proteins. Thus, SepT appears to rely on the divisome for localization at mature intercellular septa to form part of intercellular protein complexes. Two independently obtained mutants lacking SepT showed alterations in cell size and impaired septal and peripheral peptidoglycan incorporation during cell growth and division. Notably, both mutants showed conspicuous alterations in the array of nanopores present in the intercellular peptidoglycan disks, including aberrant nanopore morphology, number, and distribution. SepT appears, therefore, to be involved in the control of peptidoglycan growth and the formation of cell-cell communication structures that are at the basis of the multicellular character of this group of cyanobacteria.
Electrically Detected Magnetic Resonance on a Chip (EDMRoC) for Analysis of Thin-Film Silicon Photovoltaics
Creators: name: Segantini, Michele
name: Marcozzi, Gianluca
name: Djekic, Denis
name: Chu, Anh
name: Amkreutz, Daniel
name: Trinh, Cham Thi
name: Neubert, Sebastian
name: Stannowski, Bernd
name: Jacob, Kerstin
name: Rudolph, Ivo
name: McPeak, Joseph E.
name: Anders, Jens
name: Naydenov, Boris
name: Lips, Klaus
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: electrically detected magnetic resonance
subject: amorphous silicon solar cells
subject: electron paramagnetic resonance
subject: EPR-on-a-Chip
subject: EDMR-on-a-Chip
subject: current limiting process
subject: defect states
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: Electrically detected magnetic resonance (EDMR) is a spectroscopic technique that provides information about the physical properties of materials through the detection of variations in conductivity induced by spin-dependent processes. EDMR has been widely applied to investigate thin-film semiconductor materials in which the presence of defects can induce the current limiting processes. Conventional EDMR measurements are performed on samples with a special geometry that allows the use of a typical electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) resonator. For such measurements, it is of utmost importance that the geometry of the sample under assessment does not influence the results of the experiment. Here, we present a single-board EPR spectrometer using a chip-integrated, voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) array as a planar microwave source, whose geometry optimally matches that of a standard EDMR sample, and which greatly facilitates electrical interfacing to the device under assessment. The probehead combined an ultrasensitive transimpedance amplifier (TIA) with a twelve-coil array, VCO-based, single-board EPR spectrometer to permit EDMR-on-a-Chip (EDMRoC) investigations. EDMRoC measurements were performed at room temperature on a thin-film hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) pin solar cell under dark and forward bias conditions, and the recombination current driven by the a-Si:H dangling bonds (db) was detected. These experiments serve as a proof of concept for a new generation of small and versatile spectrometers that allow in situ and operando EDMR experiments.
The contribution of sensory information asymmetry and bias of attribution to egocentric tendencies in effort comparison tasks
Creators: name: Stinson, Caedyn
name: Kagan, Igor
name: Pooresmaeili, Arezoo
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: effort perception
subject: egocentric bias
subject: social comparison
subject: attribution bias
subject: sensory availability
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: When comparing themselves with others, people often evaluate their own behaviors more favorably. This egocentric tendency is often categorized as a bias of attribution, with favorable self-evaluation resulting from differing explanations of one’s own behavior and that of others. However, studies on information availability in social contexts offer an alternative explanation, ascribing egocentric biases to the inherent informational asymmetries between performing an action and merely observing it. Since biases of attribution and availability often co-exist and interact with each other, it is not known whether they are both necessary for the egocentric biases to emerge. In this study, we used a design that allowed us to directly compare the contribution of these two distinct sources of bias to judgements about the difficulty of an effortful task. Participants exhibited no attribution bias as judgements made for themselves did not differ from those made for others. Importantly, however, participants perceived the tasks they actively performed to be harder than the tasks they observed, and this bias was magnified as the overall task difficulty increased. These findings suggest that information asymmetries inherent to the difference between actively performing a task and observing it can drive egocentric biases in effort evaluations on their own and without a contribution from biases of attribution.
Additional file 3 of Effects of undergraduate ultrasound education on cross-sectional image understanding and visual-spatial ability - a prospective study
Creators: name: Weimer, Johannes
name: Ruppert, Johannes
name: Vieth, Thomas
name: Weinmann-Menke, Julia
name: Buggenhagen, Holger
name: Künzel, Julian
name: Rink, Maximilian
name: Lorenz, Liv
name: Merkel, Daniel
name: Ille, Carlotta
name: Yang, Yang
name: Müller, Lukas
name: Kloeckner, Roman
name: Weimer, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 3
Quantum Langevin Dynamics for Optimization
Creators: name: Chen, Zherui
name: Lu, Yuchen
name: Wang, Hao
name: Liu, Yizhou
name: Li, Tongyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We initiate the study of utilizing Quantum Langevin Dynamics (QLD) to solve optimization problems, particularly those non-convex objective functions that present substantial obstacles for traditional gradient descent algorithms. Specifically, we examine the dynamics of a system coupled with an infinite heat bath. This interaction induces both random quantum noise and a deterministic damping effect to the system, which nudge the system towards a steady state that hovers near the global minimum of objective functions. We theoretically prove the convergence of QLD in convex landscapes, demonstrating that the average energy of the system can approach zero in the low temperature limit with an exponential decay rate correlated with the evolution time. Numerically, we first show the energy dissipation capability of QLD by retracing its origins to spontaneous emission. Furthermore, we conduct detailed discussion of the impact of each parameter. Finally, based on the observations when comparing QLD with classical Fokker-Plank-Smoluchowski equation, we propose a time-dependent QLD by making temperature and $\hbar$ time-dependent parameters, which can be theoretically proven to converge better than the time-independent case and also outperforms a series of state-of-the-art quantum and classical optimization algorithms in many non-convex landscapes.
description: 52 pages, 1 table, 25 figures
From critical technical practice to reflexive data science
Creators: name: Hirsbrunner, Simon David
name: Tebbe, Michael
name: Müller-Birn, Claudia
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: AI ethics
subject: artificial intelligence
subject: critical algorithm studies
subject: critical data studies
subject: data science
subject: digital media research
subject: human-centered computing
subject: human-centered design
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik

description: In this article, we reconsider elements of Agre’s critical technical practice approach (Agre, 1997) for critical technical practice approach for reflexive artificial intelligence (AI) research and explore ways and expansions to make it productive for an operationalization in contemporary data science. Drawing on Jörg Niewöhner’s co-laboration approach, we show how frictions within interdisciplinary work can be made productive for reflection. We then show how software development environments can be repurposed to infrastructure reflexivities and to make co-laborative engagement with AI-related technology possible and productive. We document our own co-laborative engagement with machine learning and highlight three exemplary critical technical practices that emerged out of the co-laboration: negotiating comparabilities, shifting contextual attention and challenging similarity and difference. We finally wrap up the conceptual and empirical elements and propose Reflexive Data Science (RDS) as a methodology for co-laborative engagement and infrastructured reflexivities in contemporary AI-related research. We come back to Agre’s ways of operationalizing reflexivity and introduce the building blocks of RDS: (1) organizing encounters of social contestation, (2) infrastructuring a network of anchoring devices enabling reflection, (3) negotiating timely matters of concern and (4) designing for reflection. With our research, we aim at contributing to the methodological underpinnings of epistemological and social reflection in contemporary AI research.
Assessing the Effects of Verbal Encouragement Cues on Muscular Strength, Endurance, and Cardiorespiratory Performance
Creators: name: Aguiar Bonfim Cruz, Ariel
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Achievement Goal Theory
Exercise Performance
Verbal Encouragement

description: Verbal encouragement (VE) has previously been linked to improved exercise performance, though it is still unclear what verbal encouragement cues lead to optimal performance results. Based on Achievement Goal Theory, a motivational climate may emphasize either personal improvement (mastery) or performance relative to peers (performance). The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of mastery VE (MVE) and performance VE (PVE) on exercise performance during 1RM Bench Press, PACER, push-up, and plank assessments. Additionally, we examined differences in exercise performance by sex, mastery goal orientation (MGO) and performance goal orientation (PGO). Sixty college students were recruited to participate in a randomized-crossover study examining the effects of verbal encouragement on exercise performance. All participants were randomly assigned to either MVE, PVE or control (CVE) and completed two baseline phases and two experimental phases. A repeated measures ANOVA was utilized to examine exercise performance differences between the baseline and experimental phases by VE group. Tukey’s HSD was used to examine between group differences. Significant plank differences existed between MVE, PVE, and CVE groups (F(2,57) = 20.394, p<.001, ω2=.393), with significant differences between MVE and PVE (-28.52 seconds, p=.002), MVE and CVE (+23.89 seconds, p=.015), and PVE and CVE (+52.41 seconds, p,.001). Plank performance differences were also identified when stratifying exercise performance stratified by sex. Significant differences existed between female MVE and PVE (p=.028), MVE and CVE (p=.009), and PVE and CVE (p<.001), but only between male PVE and CVE (p=.021). No other significant differences existed among VE groups during the 1RM, PACER, push-up, and plank. Goal orientation did not have any effect on exercise performance during any of the assessments. VE may significantly improve plank performance, and males and females may respond to VE differently. Furthermore, our study identified preliminary evidence that MVE and PVE may impact plank exercise performance differently. These findings support current literature on VE effects during concentric exercise assessments. No other significant performance differences existed for the 1RM, PACER, push-up, or plank. This study is one of the first to examine Achievement Goal Theory and motivational climate, may guide researchers in creating a VE framework.
An extension of the stochastic sewing lemma and applications to fractional stochastic calculus
Creators: name: Matsuda, Toyomu
name: Perkowski, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: stochastic sewing lemma
subject: extension
subject: fractional stochastic calculus
subject: applications
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: We give an extension of Lê’s stochastic sewing lemma. The stochastic sewing lemma proves convergence in Lm of Riemann type sums ∑[s,t]∈πAs,t for an adapted two-parameter stochastic process A, under certain conditions on the moments of As,t and of conditional expectations of As,t given Fs. Our extension replaces the conditional expectation given Fs by that given Fv for v
ElasticDiffusion: Training-free Arbitrary Size Image Generation through Global-Local Content Separation
Creators: name: Haji-Ali, Moayed
name: Balakrishnan, Guha
name: Ordonez, Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Diffusion models have revolutionized image generation in recent years, yet they are still limited to a few sizes and aspect ratios. We propose ElasticDiffusion, a novel training-free decoding method that enables pretrained text-to-image diffusion models to generate images with various sizes. ElasticDiffusion attempts to decouple the generation trajectory of a pretrained model into local and global signals. The local signal controls low-level pixel information and can be estimated on local patches, while the global signal is used to maintain overall structural consistency and is estimated with a reference image. We test our method on CelebA-HQ (faces) and LAION-COCO (objects/indoor/outdoor scenes). Our experiments and qualitative results show superior image coherence quality across aspect ratios compared to MultiDiffusion and the standard decoding strategy of Stable Diffusion. Project page: https://elasticdiffusion.github.io/
description: Accepted at CVPR 2024. Project Page: https://elasticdiffusion.github.io/
THE STRATEGIC EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION ON INVESTMENT IN ENVIRONMENTAL R&D AND ADVERTISING
Creators: name: Aljulaifi, Nawwaf M
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Complete information
Differentiate goods
Environmental R&D
Environmental Regulation
Stackelberg
Early Childhood Education

description: In this dissertation, I examine how the incentives for firms to invest in pollution abatement technology and advertising it are affected by differentiated products and environmental regulation. In the first chapter, I study firms' investment decisions about environmental research and development (ER&D) considering product differentiation and emission fees. Two scenarios are examined: non-cooperative ER&D and cooperative ER&D (cartel).In the second chapter, I analyze the impact of environmental regulation on environmental research and development (ER&D) investment and advertising. I examine a Stackelberg game with homogeneous products under two settings: without and with environmental regulation. Considering that the leader has already invested in ER&D but chooses to advertise it, the follower simultaneously decides its investment in ER&D and advertisement.
description: In the third chapter, I consider the effects of an investment in environmental research and development (ER&D) and advertising on a Stackelberg model with environmental regulation. It examines two settings: (1) no environmental regulation and (2) under environmental regulation. In this setting, the leader chooses to invest in ER&D and advertise it in the first stage, and the follower observes the leader's action, then decides how much to invest and advertise ER&D in the second stage. In the third stage, the regulator chooses emission fees and in the last stage, firms compete in quantities.
Additional file 4 of Effects of undergraduate ultrasound education on cross-sectional image understanding and visual-spatial ability - a prospective study
Creators: name: Weimer, Johannes
name: Ruppert, Johannes
name: Vieth, Thomas
name: Weinmann-Menke, Julia
name: Buggenhagen, Holger
name: Künzel, Julian
name: Rink, Maximilian
name: Lorenz, Liv
name: Merkel, Daniel
name: Ille, Carlotta
name: Yang, Yang
name: Müller, Lukas
name: Kloeckner, Roman
name: Weimer, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 4
Privacy and Accuracy Implications of Model Complexity and Integration in Heterogeneous Federated Learning
Creators: name: Németh, Gergely Dániel
name: Lozano, Miguel Ángel
name: Quadrianto, Novi
name: Oliver, Nuria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated Learning (FL) has been proposed as a privacy-preserving solution for distributed machine learning, particularly in heterogeneous FL settings where clients have varying computational capabilities and thus train models with different complexities compared to the server's model. However, FL is not without vulnerabilities: recent studies have shown that it is susceptible to membership inference attacks (MIA), which can compromise the privacy of client data. In this paper, we examine the intersection of these two aspects, heterogeneous FL and its privacy vulnerabilities, by focusing on the role of client model integration, the process through which the server integrates parameters from clients' smaller models into its larger model. To better understand this process, we first propose a taxonomy that categorizes existing heterogeneous FL methods and enables the design of seven novel heterogeneous FL model integration strategies. Using CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and FEMNIST vision datasets, we evaluate the privacy and accuracy trade-offs of these approaches under three types of MIAs. Our findings reveal significant differences in privacy leakage and performance depending on the integration method. Notably, introducing randomness in the model integration process enhances client privacy while maintaining competitive accuracy for both the clients and the server. This work provides quantitative light on the privacy-accuracy implications client model integration in heterogeneous FL settings, paving the way towards more secure and efficient FL systems.
description: Code: https://github.com/ellisalicante/ma-fl-mia
REVIEW ON ACHYRANTHES ASPERA
Creators: name: Miss.G.K.Soujanya, Dr.V.Jaya Shankar Reddy, Dr.K.Venu gopal,  Dr. C. Bhuvaneswara Rao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Achyranthes aspera (Amaranthaceae) is an important medicinal herb found as a weed throughout India. Though almost all of its parts are used in traditional systems of medicines, seeds, roots and shoots are the most important parts which are used medicinally. The present article gives an account of updated information on its phytochemical and pharmacological properties. The review reveals that wide numbers of phytochemical constituents have been isolated from the plant which possesses activities like antiperiodic, diuretic, purgative, laxative, antiasthmatic, hepatoprotective, anti-allergic and various other important medicinal properties. The crushed plant is used in pneumonia and infusion of the root is used as mild astringent in bowel complaints. Decoction of powdered leaves with honey or sugar candy is useful in early stages of diarrhoea and dysentery. For the last few decades or so, extensive research work has been done to prove its biological activities and pharmacology of its extracts. Saponins, oleonolic acid, dihydroxy ketones, alkaloids, long chain compounds and many other chemical constituents have been isolated.
MacroPARAFAC for handling rowwise and cellwise outliers in incomplete multi-way data
Creators: name: Hubert, Mia
name: Hirari, Mehdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-way data extend two-way matrices into higher-dimensional tensors, often explored through dimensional reduction techniques. In this paper, we study the Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) model for handling multi-way data, representing it more compactly through a concise set of loading matrices and scores. We assume that the data may be incomplete and could contain both rowwise and cellwise outliers, signifying cases that deviate from the majority and outlying cells dispersed throughout the data array. To address these challenges, we present a novel algorithm designed to robustly estimate both loadings and scores. Additionally, we introduce an enhanced outlier map to distinguish various patterns of outlying behavior. Through simulations and the analysis of fluorescence Excitation-Emission Matrix (EEM) data, we demonstrate the robustness of our approach. Our results underscore the effectiveness of diagnostic tools in identifying and interpreting unusual patterns within the data.