cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Functional renormalization group approach to the BCS-BEC crossover
Creators: name: Diehl, S.
name: Floerchinger, S.
name: Gies, H.
name: Pawlowski, J. M.
name: Wetterich, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase transition to superfluidity and the BCS-BEC crossover for an ultracold gas of fermionic atoms is discussed within a functional renormalization group approach. Non-perturbative flow equations, based on an exact renormalization group equation, describe the scale dependence of the flowing or average action. They interpolate continuously from the microphysics at atomic or molecular distance scales to the macroscopic physics at much larger length scales, as given by the interparticle distance, the correlation length, or the size of the experimental probe. We discuss the phase diagram as a function of the scattering length and the temperature and compute the gap, the correlation length and the scattering length for molecules. Close to the critical temperature, we find the expected universal behavior. Our approach allows for a description of the few-body physics (scattering and molecular binding) and the many-body physics within the same formalism.
description: 30 pages, 13 figures
Magnetic interference patterns in 0-Pi SIFS Josephson junctions: effects of asymmetry between 0 and Pi regions
Creators: name: Kemmler, M.
name: Weides, M.
name: Weiler, M.
name: Opel, M.
name: Goennenwein, S. T. B.
name: Vasenko, A. S.
name: Golubov, A. A.
name: Kohlstedt, H.
name: Koelle, D.
name: Kleiner, R.
name: Goldobin, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of the dependence of the critical current I_c on the magnetic field B of 0, Pi, and 0-Pi superconductor-insulator-ferromagnet-superconductor Josephson junctions. I_c(B) of the 0 and Pi junction closely follows a Fraunhofer pattern, indicating a homogeneous critical current density j_c(x). The maximum of I_c(B) is slightly shifted along the field axis, pointing to a small remanent in-plane magnetization of the F-layer along the field axis. I_c(B) of the 0-Pi junction exhibits the characteristic central minimum. I_c however has a finite value here, due to an asymmetry of j_c in the 0 and Pi part. In addition, this I_c(B) exhibits asymmetric maxima and bumped minima. To explain these features in detail, flux penetration being different in the 0 part and the Pi part needs to be taken into account. We discuss this asymmetry in relation to the magnetic properties of the F-layer and the fabrication technique used to produce the 0-Pi junctions.
Null Wilson loops with a self-crossing and the Wilson loop/amplitude conjecture
Creators: name: Georgiou, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present study illuminates the relation between null cusped Wilson loops and their corresponding amplitudes. We find that, compared to the case with no self-crossing, the one loop expectation value of a self-intersecting Wilson loop develops an additional 1/εsingularity associated to the intersection. Interestingly, the same 1/εpole exists in the finite part of the one loop amplitude, appearing in the BDS conjecture, at the corresponding kinematic limit. At two loops, we explore the behaviour of the remainder function R, encoding the deviation of the amplitude from the BDS conjecture. By analysing the renormalisation group equations for the Wilson loop with a simple self-crossing, we argue that, when approaching the configuration with a self-crossing (u_2 \to 1, u_1\approx u_3), R diverges in the imaginary direction like R ~ i π\log^3(1-u_2). This behaviour can be attributed to the non-trivial analytic continuation needed when passing from the Euclidean to the physical region and suggests that R has a branch cut in the negative u_2 axis when the two other cross ratios are approximately equal (u_1 \approx u_3).
description: 23 pages, 1 figure, typos corrected,references added
Evolution of the mass relation between supermassive black holes and dark matter halos across the cosmic time
Creators: name: Bansal, Aryan
name: Ichiki, Kiyotomo
name: Tashiro, Hiroyuki
name: Matsuoka, Yoshiki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A positive observational proof suggests that most galaxies contain a central supermassive black hole (SMBH) with mass in the range of $10^6M_\odot$ $-$ $10^{10}M_\odot$. It is suggested that the mass of SMBHs is proportionally related to that of the dark matter (DM) halo, even at $z= 6$. This implies that these SMBHs could coevolve with the host DM halos. Here, we investigate the mass evolution of SMBHs in a hierarchical structure formation by building halo merger trees using the extended Press-Schechter formalism. An SMBH with a mass that follows various power-law relations with the DM halo mass is assigned as an initial condition. Assuming that the mass growth of all black holes is due to mergers, we obtain the relation between SMBH and DM halo masses at the present epoch. By requiring that the mass of the SMBHs at $z=0$ should not be greater than the currently observed SMBH-DM halo mass relation, a lower bound on the mass of the DM halo that can contain a SMBH can be imposed at $z= 6$ as $M_{\rm lim} > 3.6 \times 10^{10} M_\odot\times (1.4-n)^{2.3}$, where $n$ is the power-law index of the SMBH-DM halo mass relation at $z=6$. Because we only consider mergers for the mass evolution of SMBHs, this model is simplistic and should underestimate the mass of SMBHs relative to the mass of the DM halo at the present epoch. Our work aims to constrain the SMBH-DM mass relation at z=6 and not build a new model to explain the observations
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
On some moduli spaces of bundles on K3 surfaces, II
Creators: name: Madonna, C. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J60, 14J28

description: We give many examples in which there exist infinitely many divisorial conditions on the moduli space of polarized K3 surfaces $(S,H)$ of degree $H^2=2g-2$, $g \geq 3$, and Picard number $rk N(S)=ρ(S)=2$ such that for a general K3 surface $S$ satisfying these conditions the moduli space of sheaves $M_S(r,H,s)$ is birationally equivalent to the Hilbert scheme $S[g-rs]$ of zero-dimensional subschemes of $S$ of lenght equal to $g-rs$. This result generalizes the main result of \cite{Nik1} when $g=rs+1$ and of \cite{Monat} when $r=s=2$, $g \geq 5$.
description: v4. A mistake was corrected. Examples added
Infinite-message Interactive Function Computation in Collocated Networks
Creators: name: Ma, Nan
name: Ishwar, Prakash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An interactive function computation problem in a collocated network is studied in a distributed block source coding framework. With the goal of computing a desired function at the sink, the source nodes exchange messages through a sequence of error-free broadcasts. The infinite-message minimum sum-rate is viewed as a functional of the joint source pmf and is characterized as the least element in a partially ordered family of functionals having certain convex-geometric properties. This characterization leads to a family of lower bounds for the infinite-message minimum sum-rate and a simple optimality test for any achievable infinite-message sum-rate. An iterative algorithm for evaluating the infinite-message minimum sum-rate functional is proposed and is demonstrated through an example of computing the minimum function of three sources.
description: 5 pages. 2 figures. This draft has been submitted to IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT) 2010
Nondiffracting vortex-beams in a birefringent chiral crystal
Creators: name: Fadeyeva, Tatyana A.
name: Volyar, Alexander V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A vector wave analysis of nondiffracting beams propagating along a birefringent chiral crystal for the case of tensor character both of the optical activity and linear birefringence is presented, fields of eigen modes satisfying vector wave equation. We have written characteristic equations and found propagation constants and amplitude parameters of eigen modes. We have shown that the field of eigen modes is non-uniformly polarized in the beam cross-section. We have revealed that even a purely chiral crystal without a linear birefringent can generate optical vortices in an initially vortex-free Bessel beam.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Conservative, special-relativistic smoothed particle hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Rosswog, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present and test a new, special-relativistic formulation of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH). Our approach benefits from several improvements with respect to earlier relativistic SPH formulations. It is self-consistently derived from the Lagrangian of an ideal fluid and accounts for special-relativistic "grad-h terms". In our approach, we evolve the canonical momentum and the canonical energy per baryon and thus circumvent some of the problems that have plagued earlier formulations of relativistic SPH. We further use a much improved artificial viscosity prescription which uses the extreme local eigenvalues of the Euler equations and triggers selectively on a) shocks and b) velocity noise. The shock trigger accurately monitors the relative density slope and uses it to fine-tune the amount of artificial viscosity that is applied. This procedure substantially sharpens shock fronts while still avoiding post-shock noise. If not triggered, the viscosity parameter of each particle decays to zero. None of these viscosity triggers is specific to special relativity, both could also be applied in Newtonian SPH. The performance of the new scheme is explored in a large variety of benchmark tests where it delivers excellent results. Generally, the grad-h terms deliver minor, though worthwhile, improvements. The scheme performs close to perfect in supersonic advection tests, but also in strong relativistic shocks, usually considered a particular challenge for SPH, the method yields convincing results. For example, due to its perfect conservation properties, it is able to handle Lorentz-factors as large as $γ= 50 \; 000$ in the so-called wall shock test. Moreover, we find convincing results in a rarely shown, but challenging test that involves so-called relativistic simple waves and also in multi-dimensional shock tube tests.
description: 39 pages, 19 figures, Journal of Computational Physics in press, reference upated
Gravitational lenses as cosmic rulers: density of dark matter and dark energy from time delays and velocity dispersions
Creators: name: Paraficz, Danuta
name: Hjorth, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a cosmic standard ruler can be constructed from the joint measurement of the time delay (dt) between gravitationally lensed quasar images and the velocity dispersion (sigma^2) of the lensing galaxy. This is specifically shown, for a singular isothermal sphere lens, where the angular diameter distance to the lens is proportional to dt/sigma^2. Using MCMC simulations we illustrate the constraints set in the density of dark matter and dark energy plane from future observations.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Computational Doob's h-transforms for Online Filtering of Discretely Observed Diffusions
Creators: name: Chopin, Nicolas
name: Fulop, Andras
name: Heng, Jeremy
name: Thiery, Alexandre H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper is concerned with online filtering of discretely observed nonlinear diffusion processes. Our approach is based on the fully adapted auxiliary particle filter, which involves Doob's $h$-transforms that are typically intractable. We propose a computational framework to approximate these $h$-transforms by solving the underlying backward Kolmogorov equations using nonlinear Feynman-Kac formulas and neural networks. The methodology allows one to train a locally optimal particle filter prior to the data-assimilation procedure. Numerical experiments illustrate that the proposed approach can be orders of magnitude more efficient than state-of-the-art particle filters in the regime of highly informative observations, when the observations are extreme under the model, or if the state dimension is large.
description: 20 pages
Curing tachyonic tree-level syndrome in NMSSM light-singlet scenarios
Creators: name: Domingo, Florian
name: Paßehr, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models with an extended Higgs sector open up the phenomenological possibility of additional scalars, beyond the SM-like boson observed by the LHC, with mass at or below the electroweak scale. Such scenarios are in particular viable in the presence of electroweak-singlet spin-0 fields, as expected for instance in the context of the NMSSM. Given that the size of radiative corrections can substantially affect the Higgs potential, a negative squared mass at the tree level does not necessarily yield a tachyonic spectrum at the physical level, but only indicates a failure of the tree-level description for calculational purposes. We explain how to tackle this technical issue in the example of the NMSSM, in scenarios with light CP-odd or CP-even singlet-dominated states and show how loop corrections to the Higgs masses and decay widths can be derived with the regularized Lagrangian. We further explore how the same flexibility in the definition of tree-level parameters can be exploited to circumvent large deviations of the tree-level spectrum from the kinematical setup in Higgs decays, or to estimate the theoretical uncertainty associated with the discrepancy between tree-level and physical Higgs spectra. The latter is of particular relevance for the properties of the SM-like Higgs boson in supersymmetry-inspired models.
description: 30 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables
Gromov-Witten Gauge Theory I
Creators: name: Frenkel, Edward
name: Teleman, Constantin
name: Tolland, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 14D21 (Primary), 14D20, 14F05

description: We introduce a geometric completion of the stack of maps from stable marked curves to the quotient stack [point/GL(1)], and use it to construct some gauge-theoretic analogues of the Gromov-Witten invariants. We also indicate the generalization of these invariants to the quotient stacks [X/GL(1)], where X is a smooth proper complex algebraic variety.
description: v3: Shorter, cleaner proof of main theorem. Accepted version
Holomorphic Open Book Decompositions
Creators: name: Abbas, Casim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D35, 35J60

description: Emmanuel Giroux showed that every contact structure on a closed three dimensional manifold is supported by an open book decomposition. We will extend this result by showing that the open book decomposition can be chosen in such a way that the pages are solutions to a homologically perturbed Holomorphic Curve equation.
description: corrected some typos, added some comments
The Noncommutative Ward Metric
Creators: name: Lechtenfeld, Olaf
name: Maceda, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the moduli-space metric in the static non-Abelian charge-two sector of the Moyal-deformed CP^1 sigma model in 1+2 dimensions. After carefully reviewing the commutative results of Ward and Ruback, the noncommutative K"ahler potential is expanded in powers of dimensionless moduli. In two special cases we sum the perturbative series to analytic expressions. For any nonzero value of the noncommutativity parameter, the logarithmic singularity of the commutative metric is expelled from the origin of the moduli space and possibly altogether.
description: v2: improved computation of deformed K"ahler potential (section 6), additional material and refs.; v3: published version
Observability of lensing of gravitational waves from massive black hole binaries with LISA
Creators: name: Çalışkan, Mesut
name: Ji, Lingyuan
name: Cotesta, Roberto
name: Berti, Emanuele
name: Kamionkowski, Marc
name: Marsat, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational waves emitted by massive black hole binaries in the LISA band can be lensed. Wave-optics effects in the lensed signal are crucial when the Schwarzschild radius of the lens is smaller than the wavelength of the radiation. These frequency-dependent effects can enable us to infer the lens parameters, possibly with a single detection alone. In this work, we assess the observability of wave-optics effects with LISA by performing an information-matrix analysis using analytical solutions for both point-mass and singular isothermal sphere lenses. We use gravitational-waveform models that include the merger, ringdown, higher harmonics, and aligned spins to study how waveform models and source parameters affect the measurement errors in the lens parameters. We find that previous work underestimated the observability of wave-optics effects and that LISA can detect lensed signals with higher impact parameters and lower lens masses.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures; matches the version published in Phys. Rev. D 107, 043029 (2023)
Search for Higgs boson decays into Z and J/$ψ$ and for Higgs and Z boson decays into J/$ψ$ or $Υ$ pairs in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Decays of the Higgs boson into a Z boson and a J/$ψ$ or $ψ$(2S) meson are searched for in four-lepton final states with the CMS detector at the LHC. A data set of proton-proton collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$ is used. Using the same data set, decays of the Higgs and Z boson into quarkonium pairs are also searched for. An observation of such decays with this sample would indicate the presence of physics beyond the standard model. No evidence for these decays has been observed and upper limits at the 95% confidence level are placed on the corresponding branching fractions ($\mathcal{B}$). Assuming longitudinal polarization of the Higgs boson decay products, 95% confidence level observed upper limits for $\mathcal{B}$(H $\to$ J/$ψ$) and $\mathcal{B}$(H $\to$ Z$ψ$(2S)) are 1.9$\times$10$^{-3}$ and 6.6$\times$10$^{-3}$, respectively.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIG-20-008 (CMS Public Pages)
Scale transformation, modified gravity, and Brans-Dicke theory
Creators: name: Darabi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model of Einstein-Hilbert action subject to the scale transformation is studied. By introducing a dilaton field as a means of scale transformation a new action is obtained whose Einstein field equations are consistent with traceless matter with non-vanishing modified terms together with dynamical cosmological and gravitational coupling terms. The obtained modified Einstein equations are neither those in $f(R)$ metric formalism nor the ones in $f({\cal R})$ Palatini formalism, whereas the modified source terms are {\it formally} equivalent to those of $f({\cal R})=\frac{1}{2}{\cal R}^2$ gravity in Palatini formalism. The correspondence between the present model, the modified gravity theory, and Brans-Dicke theory with $ω=-\frac{3}{2}$ is explicitly shown, provided the dilaton field is condensated to its vacuum state.
description: 14 pages, accepted for publication in IJTP
Mode coupling and evolution in broken-symmetry plasmas
Creators: name: Sherman, E. Ya.
name: Abrarov, R. M.
name: Sipe, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The control of nonlinear processes and possible transitions to chaos in systems of interacting particles is a fundamental physical problem. We propose a new nonuniform solid-state plasma system, produced by the optical injection of current in two-dimensional semiconductor structures, where this control can be achieved. Due to an injected current, the system symmetry is initially broken. The subsequent nonequilibrium dynamics is governed by the spatially varying long-range Coulomb forces and electron-hole collisions. As a result, inhomogeneities in the charge and velocity distributions should develop rapidly, and lead to previously unexpected experimental consequences. We suggest that the system eventually evolves into a behavior similar to chaos.
description: 3 figures
GALExtin: An alternative online tool to determine the interstellar extinction in the Milky Way
Creators: name: Amores, Eduardo B.
name: Jesus, Ricardo M.
name: Moitinho, Andre
name: Arsenijevic, Vladan
name: Levenhagen, Ronaldo S.
name: Marshall, Douglas J.
name: Kerber, Leandro O.
name: Kunzel, Roseli
name: Moura, Rodrigo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Estimates of interstellar extinction are essential in a broad range of astronomical research. In the last decades, several maps and models of the large scale interstellar extinction in the Galaxy have been published. However, these maps and models have been developed in different programming languages, with different user interfaces and input/output formats, which makes using and comparing results from these maps and models difficult. To address this issue, we have developed a tool called GALExtin (\url{http://www.galextin.org}) - that estimates interstellar extinction based on both 3D models/maps and 2D maps available. The user only needs to provide a list with coordinates (and distance) and to choose a model/map. GALExtin will then provide an output list with extinction estimates. It can be implemented in any other portal or model that requires interstellar extinction estimates. Here, a general overview of GALExtin is presented, along with its capabilities, validation, performance and some results.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Recent Heavy-Flavor Results from STAR
Creators: name: Xie, Guannan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In these proceedings, we report on the production of various open heavy-flavor hadrons and quarkonia in Au+Au collisions at sNN = 200GeV from the STAR experiment.
description: SQM 2019
Aspetti diagnostici, strategie terapeutiche ed esito clinico dei tumori primitivi colangiocellulari insorti su cirrosi
Diagnosis, Treatment and Prognosis of Intrahepatic Cholangiocellular Carcinoma Arised on Cirrhosis
Creators: name: Galassi, Marzia <1983>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: MED/09 Medicina interna

description: Background: The recent increasing incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma (ICC) in cirrhosis increased the problem of noninvasive differential diagnosis between ICC and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in cirrhosis. In literature there isn’t data about treatment and prognosis of ICC in cirrhosis.
Aim: To investigate the role of the different imaging techniques in the diagnosis of ICC in cirrhosis; to analyze treatments and prognosis with particular attention to factors associated with survival.
Methods: The data of 30 cirrhotic patients with ICC were retrospectively collected; patients were referred to Liver Units (S.Orsola-Malpighi and S.Matteo Hospitals) between 2005 and 2011. The results of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) were evaluated; the enhancement pattern at different imaging techniques were analysed, with particular attention to misdiagnosis of HCC.
We evaluated the different treatments and survival of the study group and then we performed the survival analysis of different clinico-pathologic factors.
Results: Twenty-five patients underwent CEUS, 27 CT and 10 MR. In 3 cases (12%) CEUS misdiagnosed ICC for HCC, in 7 cases (26%) CT misdiagnosed ICC and in 1 case (10%) MR misdiagnosed ICC.
Patient were followed for a mean of 30 months (range:4-86), with a mean survival of 30 months. Twenty-four out of 30 patients were treated with curative approach, while the other 6 underwent TACE (n=4), radioembolization (n=1) or systemic treatment with Gemcitabine (n=1).
The univariate analysis revealed that CA19-9 levels, surveillance program and nodule size were significantly related with survival. By multivariate analysis only nodule size £ 40mm was significant (p=0,004). 
Conclusion: Diagnosis of ICC in cirrhosis remains difficult because there isn’t a typical enhancement pattern and in some cases it cannot be distinguished from HCC by the different imaging techniques. The study of survival related factors shows that nodule size ≤ 40mm is correlated with improved survival.
Dye doped, core / shell silica nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, & biotechnological applications
Creators: name: Juris, Riccardo <1980>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: CHIM/03 Chimica generale e inorganica

description: The aim of this thesis was to design, synthesize and develop a nanoparticle based system to be used as a chemosensor or as a label in bioanalytical applications.
A versatile fluorescent functionalizable nanoarchitecture has been effectively produced based on the hydrolysis and condensation of TEOS in direct micelles of Pluronic® F 127, obtaining highly monodisperse silica - core / PEG - shell nanoparticles with a diameter of about 20 nm. Surface functionalized nanoparticles have been obtained in a one-pot procedure by chemical modification of the hydroxyl terminal groups of the surfactant.
To make them fluorescent, a whole library of triethoxysilane fluorophores (mainly BODIPY based), encompassing the whole visible spectrum has been synthesized: this derivatization allows a high degree of doping, but the close proximity of the molecules inside the silica matrix leads to the development of self - quenching processes at high doping levels, with the concomitant fall of the fluorescence signal intensity.
In order to bypass this parasite phenomenon, multichromophoric systems have been prepared, where highly efficient FRET processes occur, showing that this energy pathway is faster than self - quenching, recovering the fluorescence signal. The FRET efficiency remains very high even four dye nanoparticles, increasing the pseudo Stokes shift of the system, attractive feature for multiplexing analysis.
These optimized nanoparticles have been successfully exploited in molecular imaging applications such as in vitro, in vivo and ex vivo imaging, proving themselves superior to conventional molecular fluorophores as signaling units.
Competing Boundary Interactions in a Josephson Junction Network with an Impurity
Creators: name: Giuliano, Domenico
name: Sodano, Pasquale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a perturbation of the boundary Sine-Gordon model where two boundary terms of different periodicities and scaling dimensions are coupled to a Kondo-like spin degree of freedom. We show that, by pertinently engineering the coupling with the spin degree of freedom, a competition between the two boundary interactions may be induced, and that this gives rise to nonpertubative phenomena, such as the emergence of novel quantum phases: indeed, we demonstrate that the strongly coupled fixed point may become unstable as a result of the "deconfinement" of a new set of phase-slip operators -the short instantons- associated with the less relevant boundary operator. We point out that a Josephson junction network with a pertinent impurity located at its center provides a physical realization of this boundary double Sine-Gordon model. For this Josephson junction network, we prove that the competition between the two boundary interactions stabilizes a robust finite coupling fixed point and, at a pertinent scale, allows for the onset of $4e$ superconductivity.
description: 43 pages, 12 figures
Spinor sheaves on singular quadrics
Creators: name: Addington, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We define reflexive sheaves on a singular quadric Q that generalize the spinor bundles on smooth quadrics, using matrix factorizations of the equation of Q. We study the first properties of these spinor sheaves, give a Horrocks-type criterion, and show that they are semi-stable, and indeed stable in some cases.
description: 15 pages; some typos I've been meaning to correct for years
Учет социально-психологических особенностей личности подростков как одно из условий нивелирования ситуации буллинга
Creators: name: Сообщество рецензентов Международного научно-исследовательского журнала
Publisher: name: ИП Соколова М.В.
Year: 2021
Subjects: буллинг
травля
инициатор
жертва
подросток
социально-психологические особенности
профилактика

description: Международный научно-исследовательский журнал 11(113) 11.2021, №11(113) (2021)
Geometric entropy of geodesic currents on free groups
Creators: name: Kapovich, Ilya
name: Nagnibeda, Tatiana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65, Secondary 05C, 37A, 37E, 57M

description: A \emph{geodesic current} on a free group $F$ is an $F$-invariant measure on the set $\partial^2 F$ of pairs of distinct points of $\partial F$. The space of geodesic currents on $F$ is a natural companion of Culler-Vogtmann's Outer space $cv(F)$ and studying them together yields new information about both spaces as well as about the group $Out(F)$. The main aim of this paper is to introduce and study the notion of {\it geometric entropy} $h_T(μ)$ of a geodesic current $μ$ with respect to a point $T$ of $cv(F)$, which can be viewed as a length function on $F$. The geometric entropy is defined as the slowest rate of exponential decay of $μ$-measures of bi-infinite cylinders in $F$, as the $T$-length of the word defining such a cylinder goes to infinity. We obtain an explicit formula for $h_{T'}(μ_T)$, where $T,T'$ are arbitrary points in $cv(F)$ and where $μ_T$ denotes a Patterson-Sullivan current corresponding to $T$. It involves the volume entropy $h(T)$ and the extremal distortion of distances in $T$ with respect to distances in $T'$. It follows that, given $T$ in the projectivized outer space $CV(F)$, $h_{T'}(μ_T)$ as function of $T'\in CV(F)$ achieves a strict global maximum at $T'=T$. We also show that for any $T\in cv(F)$ and any geodesic current $μ$ on $F$, $h_T(μ)\le h(T)$, where the equality is realized when $μ=μ_T$. For points $T\in cv(F)$ with simplicial metric (where all edges have length one), we relate the geometric entropy of a current and the measure-theoretic entropy.
description: Updated version, incorporating the referee's comments
Construction of meta-GGA functionals through restoration of exact constraint adherence to regularized SCAN functionals
Creators: name: Furness, James W.
name: Kaplan, Aaron D.
name: Ning, Jinliang
name: Perdew, John P.
name: Sun, Jianwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The SCAN meta-GGA exchange-correlation functional [Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 036402 (2015)] is constructed as a chemical environment-determined interpolation between two separate energy densities: one describes single orbital electron densities accurately, and another describes slowly-varying densities accurately. To conserve constraints known for the exact exchange-correlation functional, the derivatives of this interpolation vanish in the slowly-varying limit. While theoretically convenient, this choice introduces numerical challenges that degrade the functional's efficiency. We have recently reported a modification to the SCAN functional, termed r$^2$SCAN [J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 11, 8208 (2020)] that introduces two regularizations into SCAN which improve its numerical performance at the expense of not recovering the fourth order term of the slowly-varying density gradient expansion for exchange. Here we show the derivation of a progression of functionals (rSCAN, r++SCAN, r$^2$SCAN, and r$^4$SCAN) with increasing adherence to exact conditions while maintaining a smooth interpolation. The greater smoothness of r$^2$SCAN seems to lead to better general accuracy than the additional exact constraint of SCAN or r$^4$SCAN does.
Spectroscopic properties of cool Ursa Major group members
Creators: name: Eiff, M. Ammler-von
name: Guenther, E. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Until now, most members of the Ursa Major (UMa) group of stars have been identified by means of kinematic criteria. However, in many cases kinematic criteria alone are insufficient to ascertain, whether an individual star is really a member of this group. Since photometric criteria are ineffective in the case of cool dwarf members, one must use spectroscopic criteria. Nevertheless, resulting membership criteria are inconclusive. We reanalyse spectroscopic properties of cool UMa group dwarfs. In particular, we study the distribution of iron abundance, the strength of the Li I absorption at 6708 A and the Li abundance, and the infilling of the core of the H alpha line. Twenty-five cool and northern bona-fide members are carefully selected from the literature. Homogeneously measured stellar parameters and iron abundances are given for all Sun-like stars selected, based on spectra of high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, we measure the Li equivalent width and abundance as well as the relative intensity of the H alpha core and the corresponding chromospheric flux. The studied stars infer an average Ursa Major group iron abundance of -0.03+-0.05 dex, which is higher by about 0.06 dex than determined elsewhere. The Li abundance derived of Ursa Major group dwarf stars is higher than in the Hyades at effective temperatures cooler than the Sun, but lower than in the younger Pleiades, a result which is independent of the exact value of the effective temperature adopted. The Sun-like and cooler dwarfs also display chromospheric infilling of the H alpha core. We present spectroscopic criteria that may be used to exclude non-members.
description: accepted for publication in A&A, 19 pages, 10 figures, 7 tables
Excitation-damping quantum channels
Creators: name: Lonigro, Davide
name: Chruściński, Dariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a class of quantum channels describing a quantum system, split into the direct sum of an excited and a ground sector, undergoing a one-way transfer of population from the former to the latter; this construction, which provides a generalization of the amplitude-damping qubit channel, can be regarded as a way to upgrade a trace non-increasing quantum operation, defined on the excited sector, to a possibly trace preserving operation on a larger Hilbert space. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for the complete positivity of such channels, and we also show that complete positivity is equivalent to simple positivity whenever the ground sector is one-dimensional. Finally, we examine the time-dependent scenario and characterize all CP-divisible channels and Markovian semigroups belonging to this class.
description: 21 pages
Agile Elicitation of Scalability Requirements for Open Systems: A Case Study
Creators: name: Brataas, Gunnar
name: Martini, Antonio
name: Hanssen, Geir Kjetil
name: Ræder, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.4; D.2.1

description: Eliciting scalability requirements during agile software development is complicated and poorly described in previous research. This article presents a lightweight artifact for eliciting scalability requirements during agile software development: the ScrumScale model. The ScrumScale model is a simple spreadsheet. The scalability concepts underlying the ScrumScale model are clarified in this design science research, which also utilizes coordination theory. This paper describes the open banking case study, where a legacy banking system becomes open. This challenges the scalability of this legacy system. The first step in understanding this challenge is to elicit the new scalability requirements. In the open banking case study, key stakeholders from TietoEVRY spent 55 hours eliciting TietoEVRY's open banking project's scalability requirements. According to TietoEVRY, the ScrumScale model provided a systematic way of producing scalability requirements. For TietoEVRY, the scalability concepts behind the ScrumScale model also offered significant advantages in dialogues with other stakeholders.
description: 36 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in Journal of Systems and Software
Physics for the masses: teaching Einsteinian gravity in primary school
Creators: name: Ruggiero, Matteo Luca
name: Mattiello, Sara
name: Leone, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Why is modern physics still today, more than 100 years after its birth, the privilege of an elite of scientists and unknown for the great majority of citizens? The answer is simple, since modern physics is in general not present in the standard physics curricula, except for some general outlines, in the final years of some secondary schools. But, is it possibile to teach modern physics in primary school? Is it effective? And, also, is it engaging for students? These are the simple questions which stimulated our research, based on an intervention performed in the last year of Italian primary school, focused on teaching gravity, according to the Einsteinian approach in the spirit of the Einstein First project, an international collaboration which aims to teach school age children the concepts of modern physics. The outcomes of our research study are in agreement with previous findings obtained in Australian schools, thus they contribute to validate them and show that there is no cultural effect, since the approach works in different education systems. Finally, our results are relevant also in terms of retention and prove that the students involved really understand the key ideas.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Compton-Thick AGN in the NuSTAR era VI: The observed Compton-thick fraction in the Local Universe
Creators: name: Torres-Albà, N.
name: Marchesi, S.
name: Zhao, X.
name: Ajello, M.
name: Silver, R.
name: Ananna, T. T.
name: Baloković, M.
name: Boorman, P. B.
name: Comastri, A.
name: Gilli, R.
name: Lanzuisi, G.
name: Murphy, K.
name: Urry, C. M.
name: Vignali, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of simultaneous NuSTAR and XMM-Newton data of 8 Compton-thick (CT-) active galactic nuclei (AGN) candidates selected in the Swift-Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) 100 month survey. This work is part of an ongoing effort to find and characterize all CT-AGN in the local ($z\leq$0.05) Universe. We used two physically motivated models, MYTorus and borus02, to characterize the sources in the sample, finding 5 of them to be confirmed CT-AGN. These results represent an increase of $\sim19$% over the previous NuSTAR-confirmed, BAT-selected CT-AGN at $z\leq0.05$, bringing the total number to 32. This corresponds to an observed fraction of $\sim 8$\% of all AGN within this volume-limited sample, although it increases to $20\pm5$% when limiting the sample to $z\leq0.01$. Out of a sample of 48 CT-AGN candidates, selected using BAT and soft (0.3$-$10 keV) X-ray data, only 24 are confirmed as CT-AGN with the addition of the NuSTAR data. This highlights the importance of NuSTAR when classifying local obscured AGN. We also note that most of the sources in our full sample of 48 Seyfert 2 galaxies with NuSTAR data have significantly different line-of-sight and average torus column densities, favouring a patchy torus scenario.
description: 31 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Психолого-педагогические условия формирования готовности подростков к работе в школьной службе медиации
Creators: name: Сообщество рецензентов Международного научно-исследовательского журнала
Publisher: name: ИП Соколова М.В.
Year: 2021
Subjects: Готовность
конфликт
школьная служба медиации
психолого-педагогические условия
подросток

description: Международный научно-исследовательский журнал 11(113) 11.2021, №11(113) (2021)
title: Thin film growth and band lineup of In₂O₃ on the layered semiconductor InSe
Creators: name: Lang, O.
name: Pettenkofer, C.
name: Sánchez-Royo, Juan Francisco
name: Segura, Alfredo
name: Klein, Andreas
name: Jaegermann, Wolfram
Publisher: name: AIP Publishing
Year: 2021

description: Thin films of the transparent conducting oxide In₂O₃ have been prepared in ultrahigh vacuum by reactive evaporation of indium. X-ray diffraction, optical, and electrical measurements were used to characterize properties of films deposited on transparent insulating mica substrates under variation of the oxygen pressure. Photoelectron spectroscopy was used to investigate in situ the interface formation between In₂O₃ and the layered semiconductor InSe.
Cosmic Microwave Background Observables of Small Field Models of Inflation
Creators: name: Ben-Dayan, Ido
name: Brustein, Ram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a class of single small field models of inflation that can predict, contrary to popular wisdom, an observable gravitational wave signal in the cosmic microwave background anisotropies. The spectral index, its running, the tensor to scalar ratio and the number of e-folds can cover all the parameter space currently allowed by cosmological observations. A unique feature of models in this class is their ability to predict a negative spectral index running in accordance with recent cosmic microwave background observations. We discuss the new class of models from an effective field theory perspective and show that if the dimensionless trilinear coupling is small, as required for consistency, then the observed spectral index running implies a high scale of inflation and hence an observable gravitational wave signal. All the models share a distinct prediction of higher power at smaller scales, making them easy targets for detection.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, added numerical analysis and discussion on the properties of the spectra. Version to be published in JCAP
Исследование вопросов обеспечения пищевой безопасности в общественном питании в туристских дестинациях Краснодарского края
Creators: name: Сообщество рецензентов Международного научно-исследовательского журнала
Publisher: name: ИП Соколова М.В.
Year: 2021
Subjects: пищевая безопасность
качество продуктов питания
продовольственное сырье
пищевые продукты

description: Международный научно-исследовательский журнал 11(113) 11.2021, №11(113) (2021)
A SQUID-based microwave cavity search for dark-matter axions
Creators: name: The ADMX Collaboration
name: Asztalos, S. J.
name: Carosi, G.
name: Hagmann, C.
name: Kinion, D.
name: van Bibber, K.
name: Hotz, M.
name: Rosenberg, L.
name: Rybka, G.
name: Hoskins, J.
name: Hwang, J.
name: Sikivie, P.
name: Tanner, D. B.
name: Bradley, R.
name: Clarke, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axions in the micro eV mass range are a plausible cold dark matter candidate and may be detected by their conversion into microwave photons in a resonant cavity immersed in a static magnetic field. The first result from such an axion search using a superconducting first-stage amplifier (SQUID) is reported. The SQUID amplifier, replacing a conventional GaAs field-effect transistor amplifier, successfully reached axion-photon coupling sensitivity in the band set by present axion models and sets the stage for a definitive axion search utilizing near quantum-limited SQUID amplifiers.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted to PRL