cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Insights into household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from a population-based serological survey
Creators: name: Vernez, I.A.
name: Rinella, M.D.-A
name: SEROCoV-POP Study Group
name: Courvoisier, D.
name: Bi, Q
name: Flahault, A
name: Richard, A
name: Pradeau, J.-F.
name: Duc, J
name: Guessous, I
name: Eckerle, I
name: Guessous, I
name: Matute, P.
name: Pittet, D.
name: Tacchino, M.
name: Schellongova, M.
name: Hurst, S.
name: Portier, J
name: Frangville, M
name: Rakotomiaramanana, B
name: Posfay-Barbe, K.M.
name: L’Huillier, A.G.
name: Piumatti, G
name: Picazio, A
name: Pugin, C
name: Kaiser, L.
name: Collombet, P
name: Petrovic, D
name: Keiser, O.
name: Yerly, S.
name: Pishkenari, A
name: Eckerle, I.
name: Vuilleumier, N.
name: Noel, N
name: Baysson, H
name: Schrempft, S
name: Lauer, S.A
name: Poulain, G.
name: Lescuyer, P.
name: Salzmann-Bellard, L
name: Cummings, D.A.T
name: Violot, G.
name: Nehme, M.
name: Stringhini, S
name: Will, M
name: Dibner, Y
name: Gétaz, L.
name: Petrovic, D
name: Zaballa, M.-E
name: d’Ippolito, P
name: Lombard, F
name: Martinez, C
name: Pennacchio, F
name: Flahault, A
name: Welker, S.
name: Azman, A.S
name: De Ridder, D
name: Merjani, N.E
name: Stringhini, S
name: Wisniak, A.
name: Lessler, J
name: Marcus, K
name: Guérin, J
name: Chappuis, F.
name: Kaiser, L
name: Trono, D.
name: Waldmann, Z
name: Meyer, B.
name: Vuilleumier, N
name: Francioli, N
name: Maugey, J.-M.
name: Pardo, F.
name: Perez-Saez, J
name: Mattera, L.
name: Davidovic, A
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2021

description: Understanding the risk of infection from household- and community-exposures and the transmissibility of asymptomatic infections is critical to SARS-CoV-2 control. Limited previous evidence is based primarily on virologic testing, which disproportionately misses mild and asymptomatic infections. Serologic measures are more likely to capture all previously infected individuals. We apply household transmission models to data from a cross-sectional, household-based population serosurvey of 4,534 people ≥5 years from 2,267 households enrolled April-June 2020 in Geneva, Switzerland. We found that the risk of infection from exposure to a single infected household member aged ≥5 years (17.3%,13.7-21.7) was more than three-times that of extra-household exposures over the first pandemic wave (5.1%,4.5-5.8). Young children had a lower risk of infection from household members. Working-age adults had the highest extra-household infection risk. Seropositive asymptomatic household members had 69.4% lower odds (95%CrI,31.8-88.8%) of infecting another household member compared to those reporting symptoms, accounting for 14.5% (95%CrI, 7.2-22.7%) of all household infections.
The triumph of virtual reality and its implications for philosophy and civilization
Creators: name: McLaren, Glenn
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Where will the philosophers of the future come from and can we have civilization without them? In this paper I argue that there is a co-dependent relationship between philosophy and civilization, one that has emerged and developed in relation to the emergence of information technologies, particularly writing and print. It is these technologies which created the conditions for the deep and prolonged concentration required for deep understanding. The internet, however, today's powerful information technology which is increasingly mediating humanities relationships, is proving to be a technology which threatens this relationship. The internet is a technology which draws us in, obliterating the distance required for critical thought. Unless we can find ways to distance ourselves from this technology with which we create high fidelity virtual realities, we will become trapped in our hi-tech representations of reality. This will be the triumph of virtual reality and perhaps the end of civilization and philosophy.
Declining HIV incidence in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis of empiric data
Creators: name: Joshi, K
name: Tobian, A.A.R
name: Olawore, O
name: Bushey, S
name: Lessler, J
name: Grabowski, M.K
name: Loevinsohn, G
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2021

description: Introduction: UNAIDS models suggest HIV incidence is declining in sub-Saharan Africa. The objective of this study was to assess whether modelled trends are supported by empirical evidence. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of adult HIV incidence data from sub-Saharan Africa by searching Embase, Scopus, PubMed and OVID databases and technical reports published between 1 January 2010 and 23 July 2019. We included prospective and cross-sectional studies that directly measured incidence from blood samples. Incidence data were abstracted according to population risk group, geographic location, sex, intervention arm and calendar period. Weighted regression models were used to assess incidence trends across general population studies by sex. We also identified studies reporting greater than or equal to three incidence measurements since 2010 and assessed trends within them. Results: Total 291 studies, including 22 sub-Saharan African countries, met inclusion criteria. Most studies were conducted in South Africa (n = 102), Uganda (n = 46) and Kenya (n = 41); there were 26 countries with no published incidence data, most in western and central Africa. Data were most commonly derived from prospective observational studies (n = 163; 56%) and from geographically defined populations with limited demographic or risk-based enrolment criteria other than age (i.e., general population studies; n = 151; 52%). Across general population studies, average annual incidence declines since 2010 were 0.12/100 person-years (95% CI: 0.06–0.18; p = 0.001) among men and 0.10/100 person-years (95% CI: −0.02–0.22; p = 0.093) among women in eastern Africa, and 0.25/100 person-years (95% CI: 0.17–034; p < 0.0001) among men and 0.42/100 person-years (95% CI: 0.23–0.62; p = 0.0002) among women in southern Africa. In nine of 10 studies with multiple measurements, incidence declined over time, including in two studies of key populations. Across all population risk groups, the highest HIV incidence estimates were observed among men who have sex with men, with rates ranging from 1.0 to 15.4/100 person-years. Within general population studies, incidence was typically higher in women than men with a median female-to-male incidence rate ratio of 1.47 (IQR: 1.11 to 1.83) with evidence of a growing sex disparity over time. Conclusions: Empirical incidence data show the rate of new HIV infections is declining in eastern and southern Africa. However, recent incidence data are non-existent or very limited for many countries and key populations.
One-pot synthesis, characterization, DNA binding and enzymatic studies of 4-methyl trans-cinnamate zinc(II)-mixed ligand complexes
Creators: name: Hafeez, Syeda Tahira
name: Tahir, Muhammad Nawaz
name: Ali, Saqib
name: Iqbal, Muhammad
name: Gulab, Hussain
name: Munawar, Khurram Shahzad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physics
subject: Engineering
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Four new zinc(II) complexes formulated as [Zn(L)2] (1), [Zn(L)2(phen)] (2), [Zn(L)2(bipy)H2O] (3), and [Zn(en)2(H2O)2](L)2(H2O)2 (4), where HL = 4-methyl trans-cinnamic acid, bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, and en = ethylenediamine, have been synthesized and characterized by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy. Single-crystal XRD revealed distorted square-pyramidal structure for 3 and octahedral for 4. The complexes were screened for DNA interaction via viscommetry and UV–visible spectroscopy. The apparent binding constants were calculated to be 1.18 × 104, 1.26 × 105, 4.64 × 104, and 1.89 × 104 for 1–4, respectively. The binding propensity to salmon sperm DNA was in the order: K2 > K3 > K4 > K1. Furthermore, these complexes demonstrated efficient inhibition of alkaline phosphatase, which was attributed to the binding of zinc(II) to the enzyme’s active site.
Orthocentrus patulus HOLMGREN 1858
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Orthocentrus
Orthocentrus patulus

description: Orthocentrus patulus HOLMGREN, 1858
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 7: 1♀ 23.iv.-5.v.; trap 12: 1♀ 20.v.-1.vi., 1♀ 13-27.vii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: West Palaearctic, new record for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 118, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
The formation of a neutral manganese(III) complex containing a tetradentate Schiff base and a ketone – synthesis and characterization
Creators: name: Bartyzel, Agata
name: Kaczor, Agnieszka A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physics
subject: Biochemistry

description: 2-Benzoylphenolato-(2,2′-((2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diyl)bis((nitrilo)(phenylmethylidyne)))-diphenolato-manganese(III) methanol solvate, [Mn(C31H28N2O2)(C13H9O2)]·CH3OH (1), was synthesized and characterized by FTIR, UV–vis, TG-FTIR, TG/DSC, molar conductivity, magnetic moment measurement, and quantum chemical calculations. During the synthesis, partial hydrolysis of ligand is observed. The compound was obtained as amorphous, dark-brown powder. The effects of organic solvents of various polarities on the UV–vis spectra of ligands and complex were investigated. In addition, the IR and UV–vis spectra were also calculated and compared with the experimental data. A single crystal for analysis was obtained by dissolving the amorphous complex in methanol, and slow evaporation of solvent at 4 °C. Single-crystal X-ray analysis indicated that the methanol molecules are not incorporated into the crystal lattice after the recrystallization process ([Mn(C31H28N2O2)(C13H9O2)] (2)). In the structure Mn(III) is surrounded by two nitrogens and four oxygens of deprotonated Schiff base and α-hydroxy ketone ligands, and adopts a distorted octahedral geometry.
Manganese-centered ten-vertex germanium clusters: the strong field Ge10 ligand encapsulating a transition metal
Creators: name: M. M. Uţă
name: R. B. King
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Physics
subject: Engineering
subject: Biochemistry

description: The experimental realization of pentagonal prismatic structures for M@ (M = Co, Fe) containing interstitial transition metal atoms makes of interest the chemistry of corresponding manganese derivatives Mn@. The neutral Mn@Ge10 may be regarded as a complex of a polyhedral ligand with an interstitial Mn in the +2 oxidation state. However, the lowest energy Mn@Ge10 structure with the expected sextet spin state for high-spin d5 Mn(II) lies ~23 kcal mol−1 in energy above the lowest energy isomer thereby suggesting that such germanium polyhedra function as strong field ligands for encapsulated transition metals. The lowest energy structures for the Mn@ anions (z = −1 to −5) are all centered pentagonal prisms. Higher energy Mn@ structures have outer Ge10 polyhedra based on the tetracapped trigonal prism similar to the lowest energy Co@ structure and on the bicapped square antiprism similar to the B10 deltahedron. Other Mn@ structures have outer Ge10 polyhedra with four or five quadrilateral faces as well as six or eight triangular faces, respectively. Bioctahedral (Ge5)2Mn5− structures were also found for the pentaanion with a manganese vertex common to two MnGe5 octahedra. The cationic species Mn@ was found to have a more complicated potential surface than the anions. Tetracapped trigonal prismatic and bicapped square antiprismatic structures as well as a variety of more open structures were found for Mn@.
One-pot synthesis, characterization, DNA-binding and enzymatic studies of 4-methyl trans-cinnamate zinc(II) mixed ligand complexes
Creators: name: Hafeez, Syeda Tahira
name: Tahir, Muhammad Nawaz
name: Ali, Saqib
name: Iqbal, Muhammad
name: Gulab, Hussain
name: Munawar, Khurram Shahzad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physics
subject: Engineering
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Four new zinc(II) complexes formulated as [Zn(L)2] (1), [Zn(L)2(phen)] (2), [Zn(L)2(bipy)H2O] (3) and [Zn(en)2(H2O)2](L)2(H2O)2 (4), where HL = 4-methyl trans-cinnamic acid, bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine, phen = 1,10-phenanthroline and en = ethylenediamine, have been synthesized and characterized by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy. Single crystal XRD revealed distorted square pyramidal structure for 3 and octahedral for 4. The complexes were screened for DNA interaction via viscommetry and UV-Visible spectroscopy. The apparent binding constants were calculated to be 1.18 × 104, 1.26 × 105, 4.64 × 104 and 1.89 × 104 for 1-4, respectively. The binding propensity to salmon sperm DNA was in the order: K2 > K3 > K4 > K1. Furthermore, these complexes demonstrated efficient inhibition of alkaline phosphatase, which was attributed to the binding of zinc(II) to the enzyme’s active site.
The formation of a neutral manganese(III) complex containing a tetradentate Schiff base and a ketone – Synthesis and characterization
Creators: name: Bartyzel, Agata
name: Kaczor, Agnieszka A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physics
subject: Biochemistry

description: 2-Benzoylphenolato-(2,2’-((2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diyl)bis((nitrilo)(phenylmethylidyne)))-diphenolato-manganese(III) methanol solvate, [Mn(C31H28N2O2)(C13H9O2)]·CH3OH (1), was synthesized and characterized by FTIR, UV-Vis, TG-FTIR, TG/DSC, molar conductivity, magnetic moment measurement and quantum chemical calculations. During the synthesis partial hydrolysis of ligand is observed. The compound was obtained as amorphous, dark brown powder. The effects of organic solvents of various polarities on the UV-Vis spectra of ligands and complex were investigated. In addition, the IR and UV-Vis spectra were also calculated and compared with the experimental data. A single crystal for analysis was obtained by dissolving the amorphous complex in methanol, and slow evaporation of solvent at 4 °C. Single crystal X-ray analysis indicated that the methanol molecules are not incorporated into the crystal lattice after the recrystallization process ([Mn(C31H28N2O2)(C13H9O2)] (2)). In the structure Mn(III) is surrounded by two nitrogens and four oxygens of deprotonated Schiff base and α-hydroxy ketone ligands, and adopts a distorted octahedral geometry.
Orthocentrus spurius GRAVENHORST 1829
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Orthocentrus
Orthocentrus spurius

description: Orthocentrus spurius GRAVENHORST, 1829
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap2: 1♀ 29.vi.-13.vii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Holarctic, new record for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 118, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
Australia's potential internet futures: Incasting alternatives using a new technology images framework
Creators: name: Burns, Alex
name: McGrail, Stephen
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Australia's Federal Government announced the National Broadband Network (NBN) in 2009. NBN's current roll-out is scheduled for completion in 2021, with market forecasts estimating optical fibre overtaking DSL broadband connections in about 2015. This paper provides a timely contribution to more critical and expansive analysis of potential Australian internet futures. First, 'schools of thought' and current technological frames (Web 2.0, 'the cloud') for the internet and its possible futures are outlined, which provide perspectives on the emergence of the NBN. We then outline five generic images of the future which, as predetermined images, enable quick 'incasting' of alternative futures for a technology topic or related object of research: promised future, social/ speculative bubble(s), unfolding disruption/chaos, unintended consequences, and co-existence/'cooption'. High-level application of the 'schools' and generic images to the NBN and Australia's potential internet futures, suggests policymakers and strategists currently consider too few perspectives.
Assessment of microbial DNA extraction methods of cadaver soil samples for criminal investigations
Creators: name: Finley, Sheree J.
name: Lorenco, Nathalie
name: Mulle, Jennifer
name: Boakai K. Robertson
name: Javan, Gulnaz T.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Gravesoil beneath decomposing cadavers undergoes substantial biochemical changes that have the potential to aid in PMI estimation and identification of clandestine gravesites. The use of DNA extraction methods is necessary for culture-independent downstream molecular applications such as PCR and next-generation sequencing. In this study, a comparison of four methods was performed for cadaver-soil collected beneath the heads and feet of 11 cadavers decaying in a natural setting. The four methods isolated 3.6–263 ng/μl of genomic DNA as determined by optical density analysis. The purity of the extracted DNA according to A260/280 and A260/230 ratios was determined. The A260/280 and A260/230 ratios were 1.24–1.97 and 0.27–2.12, respectively. The optical density at 320 nm was measured for humic acid quantification of the lysates from the method that provided the most efficient removal of humic acid. The results demonstrated that this method provided a 98% reduction of humic acid. PCR of 16S rRNA genes followed by gel electrophoresis was performed. The statistical analysis revealed a significant correlation between the yields and days on/in the soil using a phenol-chloroform method for soil collected at the head and feet. No earlier published work has extensively elucidated the efficacy of DNA extraction methods for DNA obtained from cadaver-soil.
Visitors' experience quality and satisfaction. Side (Turkey)
Creators: name: Recuero-Virto, Nuria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This report is associated with the following publication:

Uslu, A., Recuero-Virto, N., Eren, R., & Blasco-López, M. F. (2024). The Role of Authenticity, Involvement, and Experience Quality in Heritage Destinations. Tourism & Management Studies, 20(3), 79–91. https://doi.org/10.18089/tms.20240306

For more information, please visit: https://doi.org/10.18089/tms.20240306

#authenticity

#involvement

#destinationimage

#experience

#quality

#satisfaction

#Side

#Turkey #Turquía
Orthocentrus winnertzii FORSTER 1850
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Orthocentrus
Orthocentrus winnertzii

description: Orthocentrus winnertzii FÖRSTER, 1850
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 2: 1♀ 1-15.vi.; trap 4: 1♀ 5-19.x.; trap 15: 1♀ 14-28.vii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Holarctic, new record for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 118, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
The additional use of methylene blue has a decatecholaminisation effect on cardiac vasoplegic syndrome after cardiac surgery
Creators: name: Petermichl, Walter
name: Gruber, Michael
name: Schoeller, Ina
name: Allouch, Kwahle
name: Graf, Bernhard M.
name: Zausig, York A.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methylene blue, Cardiac vasoplegic syndrome, Cardiac surgery, Decatecholaminisation
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background Postoperative vasoplegia with minimal responsiveness to vasopressors is common after cardiac surgery. Called cardiac vasoplegic syndrome (CVS), it is caused by multiple factors. Treating CVS involves a high dose of fluids and catecholamines, however high doses of catecholamines and fluids are associated with serious side effects. There is evidence that new therapeutic strategies can lead to a reduction in norepinephrine doses and mortality in CVS. Specifically, the use of non-adrenergic vasopressors such as methylene blue (MB) can be beneficial. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the electronic records of 8716 adult cardiac surgery patients from November 2008 to December 2016. Medication, hemodynamic and outcome parameter data were analyzed for CVS until discharge. We determined CVS according to the following parameters: a postoperative onset of ≤24 h, a reduced mean arterial pressure (MAP) of
Genomic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 during early introduction into the Baltimore-Washington metropolitan area
Creators: name: Thielen, P.M
name: Timp, W
name: Mostafa, H.H
name: Howser, C
name: Ernlund, A
name: Fan, Y
name: Ray, S.C
name: Evans, J.D
name: Sauer, L
name: Gniazdowski, V
name: Ramakrishnan, S
name: Falade-Nwulia, O
name: Morris, C.P
name: Schwartz, M
name: Wohl, S
name: Lessler, J
name: Kirsche, M
name: Sadowski, N
name: Hopkins, M
name: Trovão, N.S
name: Mehoke, T
name: Schatz, M.C
Publisher: name: American Society for Clinical Investigation
Year: 2021

description: The early COVID-19 pandemic was characterized by rapid global spread. In Maryland and Washington, DC, United States, more than 2500 cases were reported within 3 weeks of the first COVID-19 detection in March 2020. We aimed to use genomic sequencing to understand the initial spread of SARS-CoV-2 - the virus that causes COVID-19 - in the region. We analyzed 620 samples collected from the Johns Hopkins Health System during March 11-31, 2020, comprising 28.6% of the total cases in Maryland and Washington, DC. From these samples, we generated 114 complete viral genomes. Analysis of these genomes alongside a subsampling of over 1000 previously published sequences showed that the diversity in this region rivaled global SARS-CoV-2 genetic diversity at that time and that the sequences belong to all of the major globally circulating lineages, suggesting multiple introductions into the region. We also analyzed these regional SARS-CoV-2 genomes alongside detailed clinical metadata and found that clinically severe cases had viral genomes belonging to all major viral lineages. We conclude that efforts to control local spread of the virus were likely confounded by the number of introductions into the region early in the epidemic and the interconnectedness of the region as a whole.
Picrostigeus debilis
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Picrostigeus
Picrostigeus debilis

description: Picrostigeus debilis (GRAVENHORST, 1829)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap15: 1♀ 11-25.viii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Western Palaearctic, new record for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 118, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
Analysis of Vaccine Effectiveness against COVID-19 and the Emergence of Delta and Other Variants of Concern in Utah
Creators: name: Lessler, J
name: Keegan, L.T
name: Truelove, S
Publisher: name: American Medical Association
Year: 2021

description: Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, vaccines have been heralded as the best way to curtail the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical trials have shown SARS-CoV-2 vaccines to be highly efficacious against both disease and infection. However, those vaccines currently in use were primarily tested against early lineages. Data on vaccine effectiveness against variants of concern (VOCs) remains limited, including the Delta variant (B.1.617.2).
Predicting virologically confirmed influenza using school absences in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, USA during the 2007-2015 influenza seasons
Creators: name: Zimmer, S
name: Galloway, D
name: Read, J.M
name: Cummings, D.A.T
name: Vukotich, C
name: Grantz, K.H
name: Zheteyeva, Y
name: Gao, H
name: Uzicanin, A
name: Quandelacy, T.M
name: Bieltz, R
name: Lessler, J
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2021

description: Background: Children are important in community-level influenza transmission. School-based monitoring may inform influenza surveillance. Methods: We used reported weekly confirmed influenza in Allegheny County during the 2007 and 2010-2015 influenza seasons using Pennsylvania's Allegheny County Health Department all-age influenza cases from health facilities, and all-cause and influenza-like illness (ILI)-specific absences from nine county school districts. Negative binomial regression predicted influenza cases using all-cause and illness-specific absence rates, calendar week, average weekly temperature, and relative humidity, using four cross-validations. Results: School districts reported 2 184 220 all-cause absences (2010-2015). Three one-season studies reported 19 577 all-cause and 3012 ILI-related absences (2007, 2012, 2015). Over seven seasons, 11 946 confirmed influenza cases were reported. Absences improved seasonal model fits and predictions. Multivariate models using elementary school absences outperformed middle and high school models (relative mean absolute error (relMAE) = 0.94, 0.98, 0.99). K-5 grade-specific absence models had lowest mean absolute errors (MAE) in cross-validations. ILI-specific absences performed marginally better than all-cause absences in two years, adjusting for other covariates, but markedly worse one year. Conclusions: Our findings suggest seasonal models including K-5th grade absences predict all-age-confirmed influenza and may serve as a useful surveillance tool.
Using serological measures to estimate influenza incidence in the presence of secular trends in exposure and immuno-modulation of antibody response
Creators: name: Kwok, K.O
name: Riley, S
name: Jiang, C.Q
name: Cummings, D.A.T
name: Guan, Y
name: Dai, B
name: Read, J.M
name: Shen, R
name: Zhu, H
name: Lessler, J
name: Quandelacy, T.M
name: Yang, B
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2021

description: Background: Influenza infection is often measured by a fourfold antibody titer increase over an influenza season (ie seroconversion). However, this approach may fail when influenza seasons are less distinct as it does not account for transient effects from recent infections. Here, we present a method to determine seroconversion for non-paired sera, adjusting for changes in individuals’ antibody titers to influenza due to the transient impact of recent exposures, varied sampling times, and laboratory processes. Methods: We applied our method using data for five H3N2 strains collected from 942 individuals, aged 2-90 years, during the first two study visits of the Fluscape cohort study (2009-2012) in Guangzhou, China. Results: After adjustment, apparent seroconversion rates for non-circulating strains decreased while we observed a 20% increase in seroconversion rates to recently circulating strains. When examining seroconversion to the most recently circulating strain (A/Brisbane/20/2007) in our study, participants aged under 18, and over 64 had the highest seroconversion rates compared to other age groups. Conclusions: Our results highlight the need for improved methods when using antibody titers as an endpoint in settings where there is no clear influenza “off” season. Methods, like those presented here, that use titers from circulating and non-circulating strains may be key.
Heterogeneous Oxidation Products of Fine Particulate Isoprene Epoxydiol-Derived Methyltetrol Sulfates Increase Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Gene Responses in Human Lung Cells
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhenfa
name: Turpin, Barbara J.
name: Szmigielski, Rafal
name: Lin, Ying-Hsuan
name: Chen, Yuzhi
name: Gold, Avram
name: Zhang, Yue
name: Freedman, Anastasia
name: Fry, Rebecca C.
name: Surratt, Jason D.
name: Ault, Andrew P.
name: Hartwell, Hadley J.
name: Lambe, Andrew T.
name: Yan, Jin
name: Khan, Faria
Publisher: name: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Year: 2023

description: Hydroxyl radical (·OH)-initiated oxidation of isoprene, the most abundant nonmethane hydrocarbon in the atmosphere, is responsible for substantial amounts of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) within ambient fine particles. Fine particulate 2-methyltetrol sulfate diastereoisomers (2-MTSs) are abundant SOA products formed via acid-catalyzed multiphase chemistry of isoprene-derived epoxydiols with inorganic sulfate aerosols under low-nitric oxide conditions. We recently demonstrated that heterogeneous ·OH oxidation of particulate 2-MTSs leads to the particle-phase formation of multifunctional organosulfates (OSs). However, it remains uncertain if atmospheric chemical aging of particulate 2-MTSs induces toxic effects within human lung cells. We show that inhibitory concentration-50 (IC50) values decreased from exposure to fine particulate 2-MTSs that were heterogeneously aged for 0 to 22 days by ·OH, indicating increased particulate toxicity in BEAS-2B lung cells. Lung cells further exhibited concentration-dependent modulation of oxidative stress- and inflammatory-related gene expression. Principal component analysis was carried out on the chemical mixtures and revealed positive correlations between exposure to aged multifunctional OSs and altered expression of targeted genes. Exposure to particulate 2-MTSs alone was associated with an altered expression of antireactive oxygen species (ROS)-related genes (NQO-1, SOD-2, and CAT) indicative of a response to ROS in the cells. Increased aging of particulate 2-MTSs by ·OH exposure was associated with an increased expression of glutathione pathway-related genes (GCLM and GCLC) and an anti-inflammatory gene (IL-10).
Picrostigeus longicauda RIEDEL 2023, nov.sp.
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Picrostigeus
Picrostigeus longicauda

description: Picrostigeus longicauda RIEDEL nov.sp.
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 12: 2♀♀ 20.v.-1.vi., 1♀ 10-14.viii.; trap 15: 1♀ 30.vi.-14.vii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Only known from Georgia.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 118, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
Ebola Virus–Specific Neutralizing Antibody Persists at High Levels in Survivors 2 Years After Resolution of Disease in a Sierra Leonean Cohort
Creators: name: Schieffelin, John S
name: Grant, Donald S
name: Gbakie, Michael A
name: Bond, Nell G
name: Elliott, Debra
name: Samuels, Robert J
name: Shaffer, Jeffrey G
name: Shore, Kayla R
name: Kanneh, Lansana
name: Engel, Emily J
name: Kanneh, Ibrahim M
name: Coonan, Erin E
name: Wohl, David A
name: Al-Hasan, Foday
name: Sandi, John D
name: Garry, Robert F
name: Fischer, William A
name: Smira, Ashley R
name: Kamara, Fatima K
name: Momoh, Mambu
name: Ficenec, Samuel C
name: Robinson, James E
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2024

description: Ebola virus (EBOV) infection results in Ebola virus disease (EVD), an often severe disease with a nonspecific presentation. Since its recognition, periodic outbreaks of EVD continue to occur in sub-Saharan Africa. The 2013-2016 West African EVD outbreak was the largest recorded, resulting in a substantial cohort of EVD survivors with persistent health complaints and variable immune responses. In this study, we characterize humoral immune responses in EVD survivors and their contacts in Eastern Sierra Leone. We found high levels of EBOV IgG in EVD survivors and lower yet substantial antibody levels in household contacts, suggesting subclinical transmission. Neutralizing antibody function was prevalent but variable in EVD survivors, raising questions about the durability of immune responses from natural infection with EBOV. Additionally, we found that certain discrete symptoms-ophthalmologic and auditory-are associated with EBOV IgG seropositivity, while an array of symptoms are associated with the presence of neutralizing antibody.
Challenges in modeling the emergence of novel pathogens
Creators: name: Miller, I.F
name: Glennon, E.E
name: Thompson, R.N
name: Wells, K
name: Bruijning, M
name: Rice, B.L
name: Lessler, J
name: Metcalf, C.J.E
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2021

description: The emergence of infectious agents with pandemic potential present scientific challenges from detection to data interpretation to understanding determinants of risk and forecasts. Mathematical models could play an essential role in how we prepare for future emergent pathogens. Here, we describe core directions for expansion of the existing tools and knowledge base, including: using mathematical models to identify critical directions and paths for strengthening data collection to detect and respond to outbreaks of novel pathogens; expanding basic theory to identify infectious agents and contexts that present the greatest risks, over both the short and longer term; by strengthening estimation tools that make the most use of the likely range and uncertainties in existing data; and by ensuring modelling applications are carefully communicated and developed within diverse and equitable collaborations for increased public health benefit.
Geometry of the minimal spanning tree in the heavy-tailed regime: new universality classes
Creators: name: Sen, Sanchayan
name: Bhamidi, Shankar
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description: well-known open problem on the behavior of optimal paths in random
graphs in the strong disorder regime, formulated by statistical physicists, and supported
by a large amount of numerical evidence over the last decade [34, 35, 41, 75] is as follows:
for a large class of random graph models with degree exponent τ ∈ (3, 4), distances in the
minimal spanning tree (MST) on the giant component in the supercritical regime scale like
n(τ−3)/(τ−1). The aim of this paper is to make progress towards a proof of this conjecture.
We consider a supercritical inhomogeneous random graph model with degree exponent
τ ∈ (3,4) that is closely related to Aldous’s multiplicative coalescent, and show that the MST
constructed by assigning i.i.d. continuous weights to the edges in its giant component, endowed
with the tree distance scaled by n−(τ−3)/(τ−1), converges in distribution with respect
to the Gromov-Hausdorff topology to a random compact real tree. Further, almost surely,
every point in this limiting space either has degree one (leaf), or two, or infinity (hub), both
the set of leaves and the set of hubs are dense in this space, and the Minkowski dimension
of this space equals (τ−1)/(τ−3).
The multiplicative coalescent, in an asymptotic sense, describes the evolution of the
component sizes of various near-critical random graph processes. We expect the limiting
spaces in this paper to be the candidates for the scaling limit of the MST constructed for a
wide array of other heavy-tailed random graph models.
Picrostigeus recticauda
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Picrostigeus
Picrostigeus recticauda

description: Picrostigeus recticauda (THOMSON, 1897)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 7: 2♀♀ 5-19.x.; trap 15: 2♀♀ 14-28.vii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Transpalaearctic, new record for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 118, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
The complex futures of emerging technologies: Challenges and opportunities for science foresight and governance in Australia
Creators: name: Alford, Kristin
name: Keenihan, Sarah
name: McGrail, Stephen
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: As the river of technological change flows faster and faster, it is imperative that library staff keep learning to provide the best service for their users. Yet many of us feel more like we are drowning than riding the river of new technology. Is it management’s role to provide development or do we need to take charge of our own learning experiences? Being able to recognize, record and reflect on our playing, experimenting and learning may be the answer. Self directed learning is about developing your own goals, choosing how you are going to learn, putting a time frame around your goals and evaluating your own learning. To do this we need to change the way we view our own learning experiences and praxis. Through the development of skills in self-directed learning, library staff will not only be able to embed ongoing learning into their own practice, but also through reflection and sharing develop the learning culture around them. This paper presents the background to the author’s doctoral research to address a gap in current knowledge investigating how academic library staff can incorporate learning about emerging technologies into their every day work practices. Using an action research method and a framework of self-directed learning, this research may provide a cost effective and sustainable way for library staff across all sectors to learn about emerging technologies and to ride the rapids of technological change with skill and grace.
Seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 IgG in Juba, South Sudan, 2020
Creators: name: Lako, R.L
name: Slater, D
name: Olu, O.O
name: Caflisch, A
name: Wiens, K.E
name: Guyo, A.G
name: Charles, R.C
name: Baya, S.K
name: Lessler, J
name: Jacob, I.A
name: Mills, R
name: Jones, F.K
name: Rumunu, J
name: Wamala, J.F
name: Hassen, J.J
name: Fraser, C
name: Bior, B.K
name: Deng, L
name: Sanchez, V
name: Maleghemi, S
name: Moheed, S
name: Mawien, P.N
name: Azman, A.S
name: Baguma, A
name: Harris, J.B
name: Demby, M.N
Publisher: name: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Year: 2021

description: Relatively few coronavirus disease cases and deaths have been reported from sub-Saharan Africa, although the extent of its spread remains unclear. During August 10-Sep-tember 11, 2020, we recruited 2,214 participants for a representative household-based cross-sectional serosurvey in Juba, South Sudan. We found 22.3% of participants had severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2) receptor binding domain IgG titers above prepandemic levels. After accounting for waning antibody levels, age, and sex, we estimated that 38.3% (95% credible interval 31.8%-46.5%) of the population had been infected with SARS-CoV-2. At this rate, for each PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection reported by the Ministry of Health, 103 (95% credible interval 86-126) infections would have been unreported, meaning SARS-CoV-2 has likely spread extensively within Juba. We also found differences in background reactivity in Juba compared with Boston, Massachusetts, USA, where the immunoassay was validated. Our findings underscore the need to validate serologic tests in sub-Saharan Africa populations.
OPERAS Open Chats: Wir müssen reden... heute über Diamond Open Access und Open Access Geschäftsmodelle
Creators: name: Pattrick Piel
name: Manista, Frank
name: Stone, Graham
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: OPERAS
subject: OPERAS-GER
subject: Diamond Open Access
subject: Open Access Business Models
subject: Social Sciences
subject: Humanities
subject: FOS: Humanities

description: Presentation of the event on the OPERAS Infrastructure held by OPERAS-GER on 21 April 2022.
Manganese-centered ten-vertex germanium clusters: The strong field Ge10 ligand encapsulating a transition metal
Creators: name: M. M. Uţă
name: R. B. King
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Physics
subject: Engineering
subject: Biochemistry

description: The experimental realization of pentagonal prismatic structures for M@Ge103– (M = Co, Fe) containing interstitial transition metal atoms makes of interest the chemistry of corresponding manganese derivatives Mn@Ge10z. The neutral Mn@Ge10 may be regarded as a complex of a polyhedral Ge102– ligand with an interstitial Mn in the +2 oxidation state. However, the lowest energy Mn@Ge10 structure with the expected sextet spin state for high-spin d5 Mn(II) lies ~23 kcal/mol in energy above the lowest energy isomer thereby suggesting that such germanium polyhedra function as strong field ligands for encapsulated transition metals. The lowest energy structures for the Mn@Ge10z anions (z = –1 to –5) are all centered pentagonal prisms. Higher energy Mn@Ge10z structures have outer Ge10 polyhedra based on the tetracapped trigonal prism similar to the lowest energy Co@Ge10– structure and on the bicapped square antiprism similar to the B10H102– deltahedron. Other Mn@Ge10z structures have outer Ge10 polyhedra with four or five quadrilateral faces as well as six or eight triangular faces, respectively. Bioctahedral (Ge5)2Mn5– structures were also found for the pentaanion with a manganese vertex common to two MnGe5 octahedra. The cationic species Mn@Ge10+ was found to have a more complicated potential surface than the anions. Tetracapped trigonal prismatic and bicapped square antiprismatic structures as well as a variety of more open structures were found for Mn@Ge10+.
The Relations Between Parents’ Beliefs, Parents’ Home Reading Practices, and Their Children’s Literacy Development in Kindergarten
Creators: name: Wu, Qiling
name: Hindman, Annemarie H.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description: Background Research indicates that parents’ involvement in early literacy, particularly through book reading, matters for young children’s language and literacy development. OBJECTIVE: However, little is known about the nature and extent of family book reading across the U.S. nation or about which factors support parents’ involvement in book reading. In particular, parents’ beliefs about promoting literacy may be linked to their book-reading actions, which can foster their children’s learning. Method We investigated several questions using the nationally representative Early Childhood Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten 2011 (ECLS-K) dataset: (1) How are demographic characteristics (ethnicity, SES, and child age) predictive of parents’ literacy beliefs and home reading practices during children’s kindergarten year?; (2) How do parents’ literacy beliefs contribute to parents’ home reading practices during children’s kindergarten year?; and (3) How do parents’ literacy beliefs and home reading practices relate to children’s literacy development during their kindergarten year? We focused on data from Fall 2010 through Spring 2011, spanning the kindergarten year, and utilized descriptive and multivariate regression techniques. Results Regressions reveal that parents’ literacy beliefs are linked to their literacy practices, net of the effects of a variety of covariates. In turn, both beliefs and practices are uniquely linked to increases in children’s reading performance over the kindergarten year, demonstrating incremental validity for both sets of variables and reinforcing the importance of both beliefs and practices as part of the home learning environment. Conclusions The findings of this study underscore the critical role of parents’ beliefs in contributing to their home reading practices, which, in turn, are positively related to kindergarteners’ literacy development, net of the effects of variety of important covariates.
The detection of influenza A and B viruses in clinical specimens using a quartz crystal microbalance
Creators: name: Peduru Hewa, Thamara M.
name: Tannock, Gregory A.
name: Mainwaring, David
name: Harrison, Sally
name: Fecondo, John V.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Current methods for the accurate diagnosis of influenza based on culture of the virus or PCR are highly sensitive and specific but require specialised laboratory facilities and highly trained personnel and, in the case of viral culture, can take up to 14 days to obtain a definitive result. In this study, a quartz crystal microbalance-based immunosensor (QCM) has been developed and its potential evaluated for the rapid and sensitive detection of both influenza A and B viruses in laboratory-cultured preparations and clinical samples. The effective limit for detection by QCM for stock preparations of both A/PR/8/34 and B/Lee/40 viruses was 1 × 104 pfu/mL, associated with observed frequency shifts of 30 (±5) and 37 (±6.5) Hz, respectively. Conjugation of 13 nm gold nanoparticles to the detecting antibody improved the mass sensitivity of the immunosensor, resulting in a 10-fold increase in sensitivity and a detection limit of 1 × 103 pfu/mL for both preparations, with resulting frequency shifts of 102 (±11) and 115 (±5) Hz, respectively. Detection of virus in nasal washes with this technique was achieved by overnight passage in MDCK cultures prior to analysis. A comparison of results obtained from 67 clinical samples using existing RT-PCR, shell vial, cell culture and ELISA methods showed that QCM techniques were comparable in sensitivity and specificity to cell culture methods.