cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Asymmetry Origin of Galaxies in Different Environments. I. Optical observations
Creators: name: Plauchu-Frayn, I.
name: Coziol, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the first of two analyses about the influence of environment on the formation and evolution of galaxies observed in the nearby universe. For our study, we used three different samples representing different density environments: galaxies in Compact Groups (HCGs), Isolated Pairs of Galaxies (KPGs), and Isolated Galaxies (KIGs), which were taken as reference. Using both characteristic isophotal parameters and evidence of asymmetries in the optical and the near-infrared, we are able to establish differences in the characteristics of galaxies with different morphologies in different environments, allowing us to better understand their different formation histories. In this first paper, we present the isophotal and asymmetry analyses of a sample of 214 galaxies in different environments observed in the optical (V and I images). For each galaxy, we have determined different characteristic isophotal parameters and (V-I) color profiles, as a function of semi-major axis, and performed a full asymmetry analysis in residual images using the V filter. Evidence of asymmetry in the optical is almost missing in the KIG sample and significantly more common in the KPG than in the HCG samples. Our isophotal analysis suggests that the stellar populations in the HCG galaxies are older and more dynamically relaxed than in the KPG. The HCG galaxies seem to be at a more advanced stage of interaction than the KPGs. One possible explanation is that these structures formed at different epochs: compact groups of galaxies would have formed before close pairs of galaxies, which only began interacting recently. However, similarities in the formation process of galaxies with same morphology suggest CGs and close pairs of galaxies share similar conditions; they are new structures forming relatively late in low-density environments.
description: 48 pages, 21 figures. Accepted for publication in AJ : corrected typos and references.
Prostaglandin I2 release following mesenteric traction during abdominal surgery is mediated by cyclooxygenase-1
Creators: name: Bucher, Michael
name: Kees, Frieder K.
name: Messmann, Barbara
name: Lunz, Dirk
name: Rath, Stephan
name: Zelenka, Marek
name: Schlitt, Hans J.
name: Hobbhahn, Jonny
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesenteric traction; Cyclooxygenase-inhibitor; Prostaglandin; Hemodynamics; Oxygenation
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Our study aimed to determine the role of cyclooxygenase-2 in the release of prostaglandin-(PG)-I2 following mesenteric traction during abdominal surgery. In a prospective double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, 40 patients electively scheduled for non-laparoscopic abdominal surgery, were pretreated with the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor parecoxib (n=20) or placebo (n=20). Heart rate, arterial blood pressure, oxygenation ratio and plasma concentrations of the stable PGI2-metabolite 6-keto-PGF1alpha were compared between groups before injection of parecoxib (-40 min), immediately before mesenteric traction (0 min), and 5, 10, and 30 min thereafter. In addition, plasma concentrations of valdecoxib, the active metabolite of the prodrug parecoxib, were determined. Plasma concentrations of 6-keto-PGF1alpha and heart rate increased in both groups after mesenteric traction. There were no significant differences between groups at individual times in heart rate, arterial blood pressure and plasma concentrations of 6-keto-PGF1alpha. Oxygenation ratio decreased after 10 and 30 min following mesenteric traction in the parecoxib group with a significant difference between treatment groups at 10 and 30 min. Plasma concentrations of valdecoxib revealed therapeutic values. Our data indicate that PGI2 release following mesenteric traction is mediated by cyclooxygenase-1.
CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutation in Xenopus laevis to study the cell biology of hereditary forms of blindness
Creators: name: Stanar, Paloma
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutation of the Xenopus laevis genome has enabled the modeling of autosomal recessive (AR) retinal disease for the first time in this species. Here, knockout (KO) methodology specific to X. laevis rhodopsin1 has been optimized for the targeted mutation of three X. laevis genes orthologous to human genes responsible for AR forms of blindness: cdhr1, rpe65, and gnat1. At 14 days post-fertilization (dpf), these KO mutations did not cause retinal degeneration (RD). However, PCDH21 KO led to disorganization of rod outer segment (ROS) discs. RPE65 KO caused a significant reduction in ROS length by 44 dpf (p=8.6E-8) despite normal rod opsin localization, yet no cone death despite cone opsin mislocalization. Electroretinography (ERG) revealed a significant reduction in photoreceptor responses to light in RPE65 KOs (p=1.889E-13). GNAT1 KO also caused a significant reduction in ROS length by 33 dpf (p=0.014). Further characterization of KO phenotypes is needed to determine whether they can serve as models of AR retinal dystrophy. KO technology was applied to transgenic X. laevis lines expressing human T4K (hT4K) or bovine P23H (bP23H) rhodopsin to characterize components of the respective cell death mechanisms. In animals expressing hT4K rhodopsin, RPE65 KO prevented RD (p=1.02E-10) whereas GNAT1 KO exacerbated RD (p=2.21E-4), suggesting that cell death induced by hT4K rhodopsin requires light and bound chromophore, yet is mitigated by heterotrimeric transducin. In contrast, RPE65 KO in animals expressing bP23H rhodopsin exacerbated RD (p=1.0E-3), suggesting that cell death induced by bP23H rhodopsin requires light but is mitigated by bound chromophore. RPE65 KO was applied to transgenic X. laevis expressing XOP-eGFP-mRFP-LC3, which allows for the quantification of autophagic structures in rods, to characterize the mechanism by which light regulates changes in autophagy. RPE65 KO prevented up-regulation of light-induced autophagy in rods (p=2.5E-7), suggesting that this increase cannot be attributed to an increased misfolding of rhodopsin due to a lack of chromophore in the light. Here we show that CRISPR/Cas9-mediated KO in established X. laevis transgenic lines can be used to test hypotheses about disease mechanisms. These results offer an opportunity for new investigations into the cell biology of inherited retinal disorders.
Albe 1998 - La grande Motte 2009 : quelles avancées en diffusion de neutrons aux petits angles en 10 ans ?
Creators: name: Grillo, Isabelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The importance of neutron scattering techniques for the characterization of samples in soft condensed matter has been demonstrated all along the present book. The fine understanding of the physical properties is closely linked to progress in the field of instrumentation. This chapter describes the advances over the last decade in technical domains, such as neutron detection, electronics and sample environment. The news software for data reduction and analysis are also discussed before to conclude with the ILL and LLB projects for new instruments.
Energy-efficient, scalable and modular industrial microwave applicator for high temperature alkaline hydrolysis of PET
Creators: name: Ramopoulos, Vasileios
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2023
Subjects: Mikrowellen
dielektrische Messungen
industrieller Maßstab
alkalische Hydrolyse von PET
microwaves
dielectric measurements
industrial scale
alkaline hydrolysis of PET

description: Microwave-assisted alkaline hydrolysis of PET can be 20 times faster and at lower temperatures. This work presents a novel industrial microwave applicator at 2.45 GHz with homogeneous distribution to support this reaction, which allows an efficient and continuous operation. In addition, an innovative dielectric and calorimetric measurements setup is presented. Furthermore, the modelling of the reaction kinetics based on the measured dielectric parameters is presented.
Phylogenetic Relationships Between Eight African Species of Mormyriform Fish ('l'eleostei, Osteichthyes): Resolution of a Cryptic Species, and Reinstatement of Cyphomyrus Myers, 1960
Creators: name: Van der Bank, F. Herman
name: Kramer, Bernd
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Mormyridae; Gymnarchidae; elephantfish; allozyme; isoryme; electric organ discharge; phylogeny
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: Phylogenetic relationships between seven elephantfish species from five genera (Mormyridae) that are endemic to southern Africa, and the Nile knifefish of the sister family, Gymnarchidae, were determined using biochemical genetic data, behaviour (the waveforms of the electric organ discharge), morphology, and habitat and food preferences. The results confirmed the existence of an undescribed species of Hippopotamyrus, and that H. ansorgii and H. discorhynchus are not congeners. These distinctions had been suggested by differences in electric organ discharge waveforms and are here substantiated by morphological and genetic data. We recommend the reinstatement of Cyphomyrus discorhynchus (Peters, 1852). Genetic distance (D, Nei, 1972) values suggest confamilial genera (D average of 1.09 for all species studied, and 0.715 for southern African species), with the exception of the sympatric and congeneric species: H. ansorgii and H. sp. (D=0.423). Phylogenies based on morphological and electrophoretic data are congruent.
title: Consent and the Construction of the Volunteer: Institutional Settings of Experimental Research on Human Beings in Britain during the Cold War
Creators: name: Bolton, Talitha
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: This study challenges the primacy of consent in the history of human experimentation and argues that privileging the cultural frameworks adds nuance to our understanding of the construction of the volunteer in the period 1945 to 1970. Historians and bio-ethicists have argued that medical ethics codes have marked out the parameters of using people as subjects in medical scientific research and that the consent of the subjects was fundamental to their status as volunteers. However, the temporality of the creation of medical ethics codes means that they need to be understood within their historical context. That medical ethics codes arose from a specific historical context rather than a concerted and conscious determination to safeguard the well-being of subjects needs to be acknowledged. The British context of human experimentation is under-researched and there has been even less focus on the cultural frameworks within which experiments took place. This study demonstrates, through a close analysis of the Medical Research Council's Common Cold Research Unit (CCRU) and the government's military research facility, the Chemical Defence Experimental Establishment, Porton Down (Porton), that the `volunteer' in human experiments was a subjective entity whose identity was specific to the institution which recruited and made use of the subject. By examining representations of volunteers in the British press, the rhetoric of the government's collectivist agenda becomes evident and this fed into the institutional construction of the volunteer at the CCRU. In contrast, discussions between Porton scientists, staff members, and government officials demonstrate that the use of military personnel in secret chemical warfare experiments was far more complex. Conflicting interests of the military, the government and the scientific imperative affected how the military volunteer was perceived.
Using Hook Schur Functions to Compute Matrix Cocharacters
Creators: name: Berele, Allan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16r30

description: We use hook Schur functions to compute trace cocharacters of matrices in hooks. As an example we compute the cocharacters of 3 x 3 matrices in the one by two hook.
Micromechanics analysis of thermal expansion and thermal pressurization of a hardened cement paste
Creators: name: Ghabezloo, Siavash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of a macro-scale experimental study of the effect of heating on a fluid-saturated hardened cement paste are analysed using a multi-scale homogenization model. The analysis of the experimental results revealed that the thermal expansion coefficient of the cement paste pore fluid is anomalously higher than the one of pure bulk water. The micromechanics model is calibrated using the results of drained and undrained heating tests and permits the extrapolation of the experimentally evaluated thermal expansion and thermal pressurization parameters to cement pastes with different water-to-cement ratios. It permits also to calculate the pore volume thermal expansion coefficient f a which is difficult to evaluate experimentally. The anomalous pore fluid thermal expansion is also analysed using the micromechanics model.
General Electric Quarterly Survey 65-04, Versions I & II and Teenage Sample
Creators: name: Electric, General
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Adult sample: Most interesting concern (2); most interesting world affairs (1); local community interests (1); importance of various topics (7); spending money (1); vacation plans (2); free time habits (2); television viewing habits (5); television sets (4); favorite programs (4); activity participation (8); favorite activity types (8); activities on television (1); sponsoring television programs (1); General Electric responsibilities (2); important companies (1); most responsible companies (2); company ratings (24); disliked company habits (10); family life changes (5); World's Fair (14); magazine readership (1). Teenage Sample: Most interesting concern (2); most interesting world affairs (1); local community interests (1); importance of various topics (7); spending money (1); vacation plans (2); free time habits (2); television viewing preferences (5); television sets (4); favorite programs (4); activity participation (8); favorite activity types (8); activities on television (1); important companies (1); responsible companies (2); company ratings (12); unfavorable company practices (5); family life changes (5); World's Fair (14); reading habits (1); magazine readership (1); television program sponsorship (1).
Machine-Part cell formation through visual decipherable clustering of Self Organizing Map
Creators: name: Chattopadhyay, Manojit
name: Chattopadhyay, Surajit
name: Dan, Pranab K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine-part cell formation is used in cellular manufacturing in order to process a large variety, quality, lower work in process levels, reducing manufacturing lead-time and customer response time while retaining flexibility for new products. This paper presents a new and novel approach for obtaining machine cells and part families. In the cellular manufacturing the fundamental problem is the formation of part families and machine cells. The present paper deals with the Self Organising Map (SOM) method an unsupervised learning algorithm in Artificial Intelligence, and has been used as a visually decipherable clustering tool of machine-part cell formation. The objective of the paper is to cluster the binary machine-part matrix through visually decipherable cluster of SOM color-coding and labelling via the SOM map nodes in such a way that the part families are processed in that machine cells. The Umatrix, component plane, principal component projection, scatter plot and histogram of SOM have been reported in the present work for the successful visualization of the machine-part cell formation. Computational result with the proposed algorithm on a set of group technology problems available in the literature is also presented. The proposed SOM approach produced solutions with a grouping efficacy that is at least as good as any results earlier reported in the literature and improved the grouping efficacy for 70% of the problems and found immensely useful to both industry practitioners and researchers.
description: 18 pages,3 table, 4 figures
Explaining the Use of Traditional Law Enforcement Responses to Human Trafficking Concerns in Illicit Massage Businesses
Creators: name: de Vries, Ieke
name: Farrell, Amy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Traditional police tactics such as rapid response and reactive enforcement continue to dominate the police response against human trafficking despite knowledge about the challenges and potential harm of using these tactics. Through the case of illicit massage businesses (IMBs), this study examines why police continue to rely on strategies that have received little empirical support. In-depth interviews with police, prosecutors, and other practitioners indicate that citizen concerns about human trafficking trigger police responses such as reactive investigations, sting operations, and shutdowns of IMBs. While law enforcement officials recognize the limited effectiveness and potential harm of the current response, adapting how police respond to IMBs is challenged by perceptual and institutional barriers. With these findings, the study contributes to the research and theory on traditional policing and informs targeted and victim-centered anti-trafficking efforts.
Saddle-point dynamics of a Yang-Mills field on the exterior Schwarzschild spacetime
Creators: name: Bizoń, Piotr
name: Rostworowski, Andrzej
name: Zenginoğlu, Anıl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the Cauchy problem for a spherically symmetric SU(2) Yang-Mills field propagating outside the Schwarzschild black hole. Although solutions starting from smooth finite energy initial data remain smooth for all times, not all of them scatter since there are non-generic solutions which asymptotically tend to unstable static solutions. We show that a static solution with one unstable mode appears as an intermediate attractor in the evolution of initial data near a border between basins of attraction of two different vacuum states. We study the saddle-point dynamics near this attractor, in particular we identify the universal phases of evolution: the ringdown approach, the exponential departure, and the eventual decay to one of the vacuum states.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Gender inequalities in the association between area deprivation and perceived social support: a cross-sectional multilevel analysis at the municipality level in Germany
Creators: name: Mena, Emily
name: Kroll, Lars Eric
name: Maier, Werner
name: Bolte, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objectives To investigate the association between area deprivation at municipality level with low perceived social support, independent of individual socioeconomic position and demographic characteristics. To assess whether there are gender inequalities in this association. Design Cross-sectional multilevel analysis of survey data. Setting Germany. Participants 3350 men and 3665 women living in 167 municipalities throughout Germany participating in the ‘German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults’ (DEGS1 2008–2011) as part of the national health monitoring. Outcome Perceived social support as measured by Oslo-3 Social Support Scale. Results Prevalence of low perceived social support was 11.4% in men and 11.1% in women. Low social support was associated in men and women with sociodemographic characteristics that indicate more disadvantaged living situations. Taking these individual-level characteristics into account, municipal-level deprivation was independently associated with low perceived social support in men (OR for the most deprived quintile: 1.80 (95% CI 1.14 to 2.84)), but not in women (OR 1.22 (95% CI 0.78 to 1.90)). Conclusion The results of our multilevel analysis suggest that there are gender inequalities in the association of municipal-level deprivation with the prevalence of low perceived social support in Germany independent of individual socioeconomic position. Community health interventions aiming at promotion of social support among residents might profit from a further understanding of the observed gender differences.
The Achilles Heel of Police Body-Worn Cameras: Understanding the Factors That Influence Variation in Body-Worn Camera Activation
Creators: name: Katz, Charles M.
name: Huff, Jessica
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: While body-worn cameras (BWCs) are increasingly becoming commonplace in police organizations, researchers and policymakers still know little about their implementation in the field and the factors related to their actual use. Using data collected from 146,601 incidents in Phoenix, Arizona, the present study examines the prevalence and correlates of BWC activation. In doing so, we examine the impact of incident-level factors, officer characteristics, neighborhood context, and changes in BWC activation policy on whether an officer who is assigned to wear a BWC activates their camera during a police-citizen contact. Cross-classified models are used to simultaneously assess the influence of factors at multiple levels of explanation. Our analysis suggests that a wide variety of individual, situational, organizational, and neighborhood factors are related to an officer’s decision to activate their camera. BWC policy that confines, structures, and checks officer activation has a robust impact on an officer’s decision to activate their BWC.
Про функціональне призначення київського капища 1908 р.
Creators: name: Орлов, Руслан
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 430101
subject: Archaeological science

description: Орлов Р.С. Про функціональне призначення київського капища 1908 р. - Історія Русі-України (історико-археологічний збірник) — Київ, 1998. - С.193-207.
Educational inequalities in subjective health in Germany from 1994 to 2014: a trend analysis using the German Socio-Economic Panel study (GSOEP)
Creators: name: Moor, Irene
name: Günther, Sebastian
name: Knöchelmann, Anja
name: Hoebel, Jens
name: Pförtner, Timo-Kolja
name: Lampert, Thomas
name: Richter, Matthias
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Introduction As trend studies have shown, health inequalities by income and occupation have widened or remained stable. However, research on time trends in educational inequalities in health in Germany is scarce. The aim of this study is to analyse how educational inequalities in health evolved over a period of 21 years in the middle-aged population in Germany, and whether the trends differ by gender. Methods Data were obtained from the German Socio-Economic Panel covering the period from 1994 to 2014. In total, n=16 339 participants (106 221 person years) aged 30–49 years were included in the study sample. Educational level was measured based on the ‘Comparative Analysis of Social Mobility in Industrial Nations’ (CASMIN) classification. Health outcomes were self-rated health (SRH) as well as (mental and physical) health-related quality of life (HRQOL, SF-12v2). Absolute Index of Inequality (Slope Index of Inequality (SII)) and Relative Index of Inequality (RII) were calculated using linear and logarithmic regression analyses with robust SEs. Results Significant educational inequalities in SRH and physical HRQOL were found for almost every survey year from 1994 to 2014. Relative inequalities in SRH ranged from 1.50 to 2.10 in men and 1.25 to 1.87 in women (RII). Regarding physical HRQOL, the lowest educational group yielded 4.5 to 6.6 points (men) and 3.3 to 6.1 points (women) lower scores (SII). Although educational level increased over time, absolute and relative health inequalities remained largely stable over the last 21 years. For mental HRQOL, only few educational inequalities were found. Discussion This study found persistent educational inequalities in SRH and physical HRQOL among adults in Germany from 1994 to 2014. Our findings highlight the need to intensify efforts in social and health policies to tackle these persistent inequalities.
The southern churchill, Petrocephalus wesselsi, a new species of mormyrid from South Africa defined by electric organ discharges, genetics, and morphology
Creators: name: Kramer, Bernd
name: Van der Bank, F. Herman
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Petrocephalus catostoma; allopatric speciation; Upper Zambezi; Limpopo; Incomati; Pongola; Mormyridae
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: East African and south African churchills (Petrocephalus, Mormyridae) were synonymised in 1959 to become members of a single species of subcontinental, southern African distribution, Petrocephalus catostoma (G¨unther, 1866). By comparison with the type material for P. catostoma from the Ruvuma River and P. stuhlmanni from the Ruvu River, both of East African origin, we confirm the South African form of churchill to represent a new species, P. wesselsi, ranging from the northern Limpopo and Incomati systems south to the Pongola River (Natal) as its southern limit.We also compared churchills from the Sabie River (25 S, South Africa, Incomati system) with churchills from the Upper Zambezi River (17 S, Namibia), using electric organ discharges (EODs) and morphology. The duration of an EOD pulse of the South African form (N D 39; 943:2S:E: 18.82 s) is, on average, more than twice that of the Upper Zambezi form (N D 37; 436:6 15:1 s), and the amplitude of the second head-positive phase (P2 phase relative to P1 D 1) significantly weaker (0:133 0:0005 vs. 0:472 0:002 for Upper Zambezi males, 0:363 0:03 for Upper Zambezi females). In contrast to the Upper Zambezi form, the EOD of the South African form exhibits no difference between the sexes. Fish from the two origins differ significantly in 11 out of 14 anatomical characters studied, confirming molecular genetic differentiation on the species level.
MS19 Consultation with SSH data producers
Creators: name: Bekiari, Chryssoula
name: Tsouloucha, Eleni
name: Neroulidis, Ariane
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This text concerns the achievement of the MS19 “Consultation with SSH data producers completed”. SSHOCro will be a common meta-level schema to be used as top-level ontology for organizing knowledge and information found distributed across various resources of data in the SSH open cloud. This will be achieved by providing a common, agreed–upon, understanding of the concepts, entities and relationships holding between them, in order to enable knowledge sharing, information exchange and integration between heterogeneous sources. MS19 ensures that said concepts, entities and relationships can be addressed by means of considering research workflows from the social sciences and humanities.
Large Amplitude Photometric Variability of the Candidate Protoplanet TMR-1C
Creators: name: Riaz, B.
name: Martin, E. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In their HST/NICMOS observations, Terebey et al. 1998 detected a candidate protoplanet, TMR-1C, that lies at a separation of about 10" (~1000 AU) from the Class I protobinary TMR-1 (IRAS 04361+2547). A narrow filament-like structure was observed extending south-east from the central proto-binary system towards TMR-1C, suggesting a morphology in which the candidate protoplanet may have been ejected from the TMR-1 system. Follow-up low-resolution spectroscopy could not confirm if this object is a protoplanet or a low-luminosity background star. We present two epochs of near-infrared photometric observations obtained at the CFHT of TMR-1C. The time span of ~7 years between the two sets of observations provides with an opportunity to, (a) check for any photometric variability similar to that observed among young stellar objects, which would indicate the youth of this source, and, (b) determine the proper motion. TMR-1C displays large photometric variability between 1 and 2 mag in both the H- and Ks-bands. From our 2002 observations, we find a (H-Ks) color of 0.3 mag, which is much bluer than the value of 1.3 mag reported by T98 from HST observations. Also, we observe brightening in both the H- and Ks-bands when the colors are bluer, i.e. the object gets redder as it becomes fainter. We have explored the possible origins for the observed variability, and find extinction due to the presence of circumstellar material to be the most likely scenario. The observed large-amplitude photometric variations, and the possible presence of a circumstellar disk, are strong arguments against this object being an old background star.
description: Accepted in A&A
Laterally coupled and field-induced quantum Hall systems
Creators: name: Habl, Matthias
name: Wegscheider, Werner
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Hall line junction, Aharonov-Bohm effect, Landau band structure
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 61.72.Hh
subject: 73.21.Ac
subject: 73.43.Jn
subject: 73.43.Qt

description: A quantum Hall system which is divided into two laterally coupled subsystems by means of a tunneling barrier exhibits a complex Landau level dispersion. Magnetotunneling spectroscopy is employed to investigate the small energy gaps which separate subsequent Landau bands. The control on the Fermi level permits to trace the anticrossings for varying magnetic fields. The band structure calculation predicts a magnetic shift of the band gaps on the scale of the cyclotron energy. This effect is confirmed experimentally by a displacement of the conductance peaks on the axis of the filling factor. Tunneling centers within the barrier are responsible for quantum interferences between opposite edge channels. Due to the disorder potential, the corresponding Aharonov-Bohm interferometers generate additional long-period and irregular conductance features. In the regime of strong localization, conductance fluctuations occur at small magnetic fields before the onset of the regular Landau oscillations. The Landau dispersion is obtained by a dedicated algorithm which solves the Schrödinger equation exactly for a single electron residing in a quantum Hall system with an arbitrary unidirectional, threefold staircase potential.
Crash Risk Analysis of Coordinated Signalized Intersections
Creators: name: Guo, Qiming
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400512
subject: Transport engineering

description: The emergence of time-dependent data provides researchers with unparalleled opportunities to investigate disaggregated levels of safety performance on roadway infrastructures. A disaggregated crash risk analysis uses both time-dependent data (e.g., hourly traffic, speed, weather conditions and signal controls) and fixed data (e.g., geometry) to estimate hourly crash probability. Despite abundant research on crash risk analysis, coordinated signalized intersections continue to require further investigation due to both the complexity of the safety problem and the relatively small number of past studies that investigated the risk factors of coordinated signalized intersections. This dissertation aimed to develop robust crash risk prediction models to better understand the risk factors of coordinated signalized intersections and to identify practical safety countermeasures. The crashes first were categorized into three types (same-direction, opposite-direction, and right-angle) within several crash-generating scenarios. The data needed were organized in hourly observations and included the following factors: road geometric features, traffic movement volumes, speeds, weather precipitation and temperature, and signal control settings. Assembling hourly observations for modeling crash risk was achieved by synchronizing and linking data sources organized at different time resolutions. Three different non-crash sampling strategies were applied to the following three statistical models (Conditional Logit, Firth Logit, and Mixed Logit) and two machine learning models (Random Forest and Penalized Support Vector Machine). Important risk factors, such as the presence of light rain, traffic volume, speed variability, and vehicle arrival pattern of downstream, were identified. The Firth Logit model was selected for implementation to signal coordination practice. This model turned out to be most robust based on its out-of-sample prediction performance and its inclusion of important risk factors. The implementation examples of the recommended crash risk model to building daily risk profiles and to estimating the safety benefits of improved coordination plans demonstrated the model’s practicality and usefulness in improving safety at coordinated signals by practicing engineers.
Network of Women Producers of Serra RJ: Popular Mobilization, Collective Health and Income Generation
Creators: name: Guimarães, Marcela Abreu
name: Pereira, Ana Maria Alves
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Relato de experiência popular da criação da Rede de Mulheres Produtoras da Serra RJ que foi criada a partir do Encontro de Mulheres Serranas por Direitos e pelo Bem Viver, realizado em Nova Friburgo/RJ no dia 6 de maio de 2023 por diversas organizações do movimento feminista da serra fluminense e contou com a participação de mais de 130 mulheres de 9 Municípios da região (Bom Jardim, Cachoeiras de Macacu, Cantagalo, Cordeiro, Quissamã, Nova Friburgo, São José do Vale do Rio Preto, Teresópolis e Trajano de Moraes).
Two-phonon infrared absorption spectra of germanium and silicon calculated from first principles
Creators: name: Deinzer, Gernot
name: Strauch, Dieter
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The two-phonon infrared absorption spectrum of the covalent elemental semiconductors Si and Ge is calculated completely ab initio. Besides the harmonic phonon eigen solutions this involves the phonon-photon coupling constants, the so called second-order dipole moments (also called dipole coefficients). These are given by the third-order derivatives of the total energy with respect to an electric field (once) and to atomic displacements (twice). In the framework of density functional theory, we have applied the 2n + 1 theorem to derive an analytic expression for the second-order dipole moments. Numerical calculations of these coefficients and of the infrared absorption spectrum of Si and Ge are carried out. The shape and overall intensities of the spectra compare well with experimental data, even though some discrepancies remain.
Large-mode-area leaky optical fibre fabricated by MCVD
Creators: name: Dussardier, Bernard
name: Trzesien, Stanislaw
name: Ude, Michèle
name: Rastogi, Vipul
name: Kumar, Ajeet
name: Monnom, Gérard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large mode area single-mode optical fibre based on leaky mode filtering was prepared by MCVD. The cladding structure discriminates the fundamental mode from the higher order ones. A preliminary version has 25-$μ$m core diameter and 0.11 numerical aperture. A Gaussian-like mode with 22-$μ$m MFD is observed after 3-m propagation, in agreement with modeling.
Early monotherapy with pegylated interferon alpha-2b for acute hepatitis C infection: the HEP-NET acute-HCV-II study
Creators: name: Wiegand, Johannes
name: Buggisch, Peter
name: Boecher, Wulf
name: Zeuzem, Stefan
name: Gelbmann, Cornelia M.
name: Berg, Thomas
name: Kauffmann, Wolfgang
name: Kallinowski, Birgit
name: Cornberg, Markus
name: Jaeckel, Elmar
name: Wedemeyer, Heiner
name: Manns, Michael P.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Early treatment of acute hepatitis C with interferon alpha-2b for 24 weeks prevents chronic infection in almost all patients. Because pegylated interferons have replaced conventional interferon in the therapy of chronic hepatitis C, the aim of this study was to analyze the efficacy of an early treatment of acute hepatitis C with peginterferon alpha-2b. Between February 2001 and February 2004, 89 individuals with acute HCV infection were recruited at 53 different centers in Germany. Patients received 1.5 microg/kg peginterferon alpha-2b for 24 weeks; treatment was initiated after a median of 76 days after infection (range 14-150). End-of-treatment response and sustained virological response were defined as undetectable HCV RNA at the end of therapy and after 24 weeks of follow-up, respectively. In the total study population, virological response was 82% at the end of treatment and 71% at the end of follow-up. Of 89 individuals, 65 (73%) were adherent to therapy, receiving 80% of the interferon dosage within 80% of the scheduled treatment duration. End-of-treatment and sustained virological response rates in this subpopulation were 94% and 89%, respectively. A maximum alanine aminotransferase level of more than 500 U/L prior to therapy was the only factor associated with successful treatment. In conclusion, in acute HCV infection, early treatment with peginterferon alpha-2b leads to high virological response rates in individuals who are adherent to treatment. The high number of dropouts underlines the importance of thorough patient selection and close monitoring during therapy. Thus, future studies should identify factors predicting spontaneous viral clearance to avoid unnecessary therapy.
Estimating Age-Graded Effects of Businesses on Crime in Place
Creators: name: Kim, Young-An
name: Wo, James C.
name: Hipp, John R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Although prior studies have examined the association between the presence of various types of business facilities and crime in place, less attention has been paid to how the effects of businesses can be temporally different based on their age. We focus on four consumer-facing business types: 1) retail, 2) service, 3) restaurant, and 4) food and drug stores. For each type, we construct block level measures of the number of businesses, the average business age, and the standard deviation of business age. We estimate fixed-effects negative binomial regression models to test the effects of these measures on crime in blocks, controlling for a range of factors known to be associated with crime rates. The average age of businesses was robustly associated with lower crime rates and such pattern was most pronounced in blocks with a greater business presence.
Картографія про середньовічний Вишгород
Creators: name: Орлов, Руслан
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 430101
subject: Archaeological science

description: Орлов Р. Картографія про середньовічний Вишгород - Нові дослідження пам’яток археології козацької доби в Україні.: Зб. наук. статей.− К., 1999, Вип.8. С.27-32.
title: The 2014 Pittsburgh Hill District Redevelopment in the News
title: Frames, News Values, and Sources
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Heglas, Kayla
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2022

description: The Hill District of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, is known for its rich cultural history that has been heavily influenced by its historically Black population. After years of disinvestment, in 2014, public and private investors announced plans to redevelop the area in an attempt to revitalise the community and its economy. With the announcement, Hill District residents were concerned that the planned redevelopment could lead to gentrification in the area. Although the redevelopment received significant attention in the news, little research has been devoted to analysing the views and voices in the news coverage. This study is the first to analyse how the Hill District redevelopment was reported in Pittsburgh news outlets, specifically online newspapers. It focuses on how the redevelopment was reported in Pittsburgh news media in the important early stages of its announcement. It draws on theories from across linguistics and media and communication studies, specifically, frame theory, news values, sources (what types of sources are quoted and how their statements are introduced when quoted). The study also examines the role of visual images within the different frames and elaborates the types of news values that visual images construe. Through examining a data set of seven news articles, which were published at key points in the redevelopment timeline, the close textual analysis exposes that the analysed newspapers incorporate two frames that work together to present the redevelopment in a positive light and a counter-frame which positions the redevelopment not as a solution, but as the problem. Two frames offer positive representations of the redevelopment, voiced by conventionally authoritative sources such as politicians and business representatives, while the counter-frame is representative of grassroots organisation leaders’ voices. Fears about displacement and gentrification are part of this counter-frame. When community group voices and views are not represented in the news, attitudes abou t redevelopment deals become one-sided, naturalised and overall, they exclude voices of those most directly affected, the community.
A new side effect of immunosuppression: high incidence of hearing impairment after liver transplantation
Creators: name: Rifai, Kinan
name: Kirchner, Gabriele I.
name: Bahr, Matthias J.
name: Cantz, Tobias
name: Rosenau, Jens
name: Nashan, Björn
name: Klempnauer, Jürgen L.
name: Manns, Michael P.
name: Strassburg, Christian P.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Little is known about hearing impairment in patients after organ transplantation. We conducted a single-center study to evaluate hearing impairment in patients after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). A questionnaire was sent to 695 adult patients after OLT to assess characteristics and course of auditory impairment. Risk factors such as ototoxic drugs were taken into consideration. Clinical follow-up, including immunosuppressive therapy, was analyzed in detail. The questionnaire was completed by 521 patients (75%). Hearing impairment was reported by 184 patients (35%). A total of 43 patients (8%) suffered from hearing abnormalities prior to OLT. The remaining 141 patients (27%) developed hearing impairment after transplantation. Main problems were hearing loss (52%), tinnitus (38%), and otalgia (30%). There was no association of post-OLT hearing disorders with age or known risk factors. In 43% of patients, onset of hearing impairment was within 2 yr post-OLT. Hearing loss was positively associated with tacrolimus immunosuppression in univariate (P < 0.05) and multivariate analysis (P < 0.02). Patients using a hearing aid received tacrolimus more frequently than cyclosporine (P < 0.05). In conclusion, subjective hearing impairment is frequent in patients after OLT and contributes to post-OLT morbidity. Calcineurin inhibitor-related neurotoxicity appears as a possible mechanism. Further prospective investigations with objective hearing tests are necessary to confirm these results and to evaluate the role of immunosuppression.
Comparative bioavailability of the microemulsion formulation of cyclosporine (Neoral) with a generic dispersion formulation (Cicloral) in young healthy male volunteers
Creators: name: Kees, Frieder
name: Bucher, Michael
name: Schweda, Frank
name: Gschaidmeier, Harald
name: Burhenne, Juergen
name: Mikus, Gerd
name: Faerber, Lothar
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: cyclosporine metabolites; pharmacokinetics; bioequivalence; dextromethorphan; phenotyping
subject: 610 Medizin

description: The aim of this study was to compare the bioavailability of cyclosporine (CyA) from the generic dispersion formulation Cicloral (CIC) with the microemulsion formulation Neoral (NEO) and the original Sandimmune (SIM) capsules after single doses of 100, 300, or 600 mg of drug, respectively. The study was performed according to an open 3-period cross-over design with 12 young healthy male volunteers for each dosage. The concentrations of CyA and its main metabolites were determined by high performance liquid chromatography in whole blood and urine up to 48 hours postdosing. Peak concentrations and area under the time-concentration curve were greater for the NEO and CIC formulations compared with SIM, and the mean bioavailability of CIC was significantly (P<0.05) lower compared with NEO. The bioavailability of SIM compared with NEO was 54% to 71%, in agreement with previous results. Bioequivalence was not demonstrated between CIC (test) and NEO (reference) as the 90% confidence intervals were outside the 80% to 125% guidelines based on log-transformed AUCs, and were 75.2% to 87.7% at 100 mg, 79.2% to 91.8% at 300 mg, and 76.6% to 94.5% at 600 mg doses. The respective values for Cmax were 78.9% to 94.6%, 80.7% to 95.0%, and 71.4% to 84.1%. A good correlation was demonstrated between the urinary recovery of CyA and the AUC4. Therefore, the urinary recovery of CyA may be helpful as a surrogate parameter for the systemic exposure of patients to CyA. Whereas the relative amount of hydroxylated metabolites (AM1, AM9, AM1c) was similar for all formulations and doses, the urinary recovery of the N-demethylated metabolite AM4N decreased with increasing dose indicating saturable metabolism. No relationship could be demonstrated between CYP3A activity using dextromethorphan as a probe for the metabolic clearance of CyA.