cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Brazilian Second (Winter) Corn Crop on Price Seasonality, Basis Behavior and Integration to International Market
Creators: name: Mattos, Fabio
name: Silveira, Rodrigo L. F.
name: Mattos, Fabio
name: Silveira, Rodrigo L. F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural marketing

description: The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the growth of Brazilian winter corn crop on spot price seasonality, basis patterns, and the integration to international market. A moving average method and regression analysis were used to test for seasonal variations, while econometric time-series methods tests were applied to verify the market integration. Results indicated that the expansion of the winter corn crop has changed the seasonality of prices and basis and increased the level of integration with the international market. crop on spot price seasonality, basis patterns, and the integration to international market. A moving average method and regression analysis were used to test for seasonal variations, while econometric time-series methods tests were applied to verify the market integration. Results indicated that the expansion of the winter corn crop has changed the seasonality of prices and basis and increased the level of integration with the international market.
A New and Dynamic Look at Forecasting MPP Margin Price
Creators: name: Tejeda, Hernan A.
name: Feuz, Dillon M.
name: Tejeda, Hernan A.
name: Feuz, Dillon M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural marketing

description: The recent Agricultural Act (Farm Bill) of 2014 considers a new insurance program for Dairy producers. The Margin Protection Program (MPP) accounts for the difference between the national average price of milk and feed, which includes corn, soybean meal and alfalfa. If this national dairy margin is below a threshold selected by the producer in their insurance contract, the producer receives an indemnity. A web-based tool available for access by dairy producers and/or dairy related stakeholders utilizes a method which forecasts this dairy margin, by making use of extensive futures and options market data. The method considers shocks to futures prices as the difference between a commodity’s expected price - given by its futures contract price at a certain date - and its eventual settled (terminal) price at expiration. These unexpected shocks are calculated monthly for each commodity according to their time-to-maturity, from one month ahead up to one year ahead (i.e. 12 different periods of price shocks). The inter-relationship (rank correlation) between the different ‘time-to-maturity’ shocks from these commodities is maintained when forecasting the futures (and subsequently cash) prices. However, these correlations are static - depending only on time-to-maturity of the different shocks - without incorporating additional information obtained from a growing crop season (e.g. method considers price deviates from March Corn futures expiring in September same as for September Corn futures expiring in March). Our method takes into account the arrival of new information during the farming season by incorporating time-varying (dynamic) correlations in the forecast method. In addition, we make use of dynamic copulas to model the joint time-varying interrelationship among these price shocks. Results obtained are of relative improvement in forecasting the actual margin, especially during the 1st three months. Discussion and remarks for future venues are provided
Semi-analytic forecasts for JWST -- IV. Implications for cosmic reionization and LyC escape fraction
Creators: name: Yung, L. Y. Aaron
name: Somerville, Rachel S.
name: Finkelstein, Steven L.
name: Popping, Gergö
name: Davé, Romeel
name: Venkatesan, Aparna
name: Behroozi, Peter
name: Ferguson, Harry C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxies forming in low-mass halos are thought to be primarily responsible for reionizing the Universe during the first billion years after the Big Bang. Yet, these halos are extremely inefficient at forming stars in the nearby Universe. In this work, we address this apparent tension, and ask whether a physically motivated model of galaxy formation that reproduces the observed abundance of faint galaxies in the nearby Universe is also consistent with available observational constraints on the reionization history. By interfacing the Santa Cruz semi-analytic model for galaxy formation with an analytic reionization model, we constructed a computationally efficient pipeline that connects `ground-level' galaxy formation physics to `top-level' cosmological-scale observables. Based on photometric properties of the galaxy populations predicted up to $z=15$, we compute the reionization history of intergalactic hydrogen. We quantify the three degenerate quantities that influence the total ionizing photon budget, including the abundance of galaxies, the intrinsic production rate of ionizing photons, and the LyC escape fraction. We explore covariances between these quantities using a Markov chain Monte Carlo method. We find that our locally calibrated model is consistent with all currently available constraints on the reionization history, under reasonable assumptions about the LyC escape fraction. We quantify the fraction of ionizing photons contributed by galaxies of different luminosities and find that the galaxies expected to be detected in JWST NIRCam wide and deep surveys are responsible for producing $\sim 40$-$80\%$ of ionizing photons throughout the EoR. All results presented in this work are available at https://www.simonsfoundation.org/semi-analytic-forecasts-for-jwst/.
description: 21 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
The Rainfall Index Annual Forage Pilot Program as a Risk Management Tool for Cool Season Forage
Creators: name: Maples, Joshua G.
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
name: Maples, Joshua G.
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural marketing

description: The recently implemented Rainfall Index Annual Forage pilot program aims to provide risk coverage for annual forage producers in select states through the use of area rainfall indices as a proxy for yield. This paper utilizes unique data from a long-term study of annual ryegrass production with rainfall recorded at the site to determine whether or not the use of rainfall indices provides adequate coverage for annual forage growers. The rainfall index is highly correlated with actual rainfall. However, it does not provide much yield loss risk protection for our specific data.
Refined upper bounds for the linear Diophantine problem of Frobenius
Creators: name: Beck, Matthias
name: Zacks, Shelemyahu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11D04, 05A15, 11Y16

description: We study the Frobenius problem: given relatively prime positive integers a_1,...,a_d, find the largest value of t (the Frobenius number g(a_1,...,a_d)) such that m_1 a_1 + ... m_d a_d = t has no solution in nonnegative integers m_1,...,m_d. We introduce a method to compute upper bounds for g(a_1,a_2,a_3), which seem to grow considerably slower than previously known bounds. Our computations are based on a formula for the restricted partition function, which involves Dedekind-Rademacher sums, and the reciprocity law for these sums.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
The Willingness to Pay of European Consumers for Jointly Produced Israeli – Palestinian Products
Creators: name: Wendler, Cordula
name: Liebe, Ulf
name: Ihle, Rico
name: Von Cramon-Taubadel, Stephan
name: Wendler, Cordula
name: Liebe, Ulf
name: Ihle, Rico
name: Von Cramon-Taubadel, Stephan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Choice experiments
subject: ethical consumption
subject: Middle East conflict
subject: willingness to pay

description: Ethical aspects of food products have become increasingly important for Western European consumers. One example of such ethical consumption attributes are “peace products”, commodities produced in peaceful economic cooperation between members of conflicting parties in areas of political conflict. In the context of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, we investigate the willingness to pay of consumers from four European countries for two food products which are jointly produced by Israelis and Palestinians. We conduct a cross country web survey including a choice experiment addressed to the four European countries. Preference heterogeneity with regard to the willingness to pay for peace building products is taken into account by including survey questions on lifestyle factors, attitudes towards Israel, Palestine and the Israel-Palestinian conflict, personal and social norms as well as socio-demographics. Using random parameter logit models we find that consumers in Great Britain and Germany are willing to pay a premium first off all for European products compared with products from Israel or the Palestinian Territories alone. The willingness to pay for Israeli/Palestinian peace products is lower compared to the surplus for European products. But the cooperation product is favored instead of a single county product, just from Israel or the Palestinian Territories. Hence, cooperation in the form of joint production of peace products would generate benefits.
Метод расчета кромочных потерь
Creators: name: А.А. Nikishov
name: Skob, Yurii
name: Ugryumov, Mykhaylo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91501 Computational Fluid Dynamics
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Метод расчета кромочных потерь (Edge loss calculation method)
Reflecting random walks in curvilinear wedges
Creators: name: Menshikov, Mikhail V.
name: Mijatović, Aleksandar
name: Wade, Andrew R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J05 (Primary) 60J10, 60G50 (Secondary)

description: We study a random walk (Markov chain) in an unbounded planar domain whose boundary is described by two curves of the form $x_2 = a^+ x_1^{β^+}$ and $x_2 = -a^- x_1^{β^-}$, with $x_1 \geq 0$. In the interior of the domain, the random walk has zero drift and a given increment covariance matrix. From the vicinity of the upper and lower sections of the boundary, the walk drifts back into the interior at a given angle $α^+$ or $α^-$ to the relevant inwards-pointing normal vector. Here we focus on the case where $α^+$ and $α^-$ are equal but opposite, which includes the case of normal reflection. For $0 \leq β^+, β^- < 1$, we identify the phase transition between recurrence and transience, depending on the model parameters, and quantify recurrence via moments of passage times.
description: 32 pages, 4 figures; v2: minor revisions
The group of Hamiltonian homeomorphisms and $C^0$ symplectic topology
Creators: name: Oh, Yong-Geun
name: Müller, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D05, 53D35

description: The main purpose of this paper is to carry out some of the foundational study of $C^0$-Hamiltonian geometry and $C^0$-symplectic topology. We introduce the notions of the strong and the weak {\it Hamiltonian topology} on the space of Hamiltonian paths, and on the group of Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms. We then define the {\it group} $Hameo(M,ω)$ and the space $Hameo^w(M,ω)$ of {\it Hamiltonian homeomorphisms} such that $$ Ham(M,ω) \subsetneq Hameo(M,ω) \subset Hameo^w(M,ω) \subset Sympeo(M,ω) $$ where $Sympeo(M,ω)$ is the group of symplectic homeomorphisms. We prove that $Hameo(M,ω)$ is a {\it normal subgroup} of $Sympeo(M,ω)$ and contains all the time-one maps of Hamiltonian vector fields of $C^{1,1}$-functions. We prove that $Hameo(M,ω)$ is path connected and so contained in the identity component $Sympeo_0(M,ω)$ of $Sympeo(M,ω)$. In the case of an orientable surface, we prove that the {\it mass flow} of any element from $Hameo(M,ω)$ vanishes, which in turn implies that $Hameo(M,ω)$ is strictly smaller than the identity component of the group of area preserving homeomorphisms when $M \neq S^2$. For the case of $S^2$, we conjecture that $Hameo(S^2,ω)$ is still a proper subgroup of $Homeo^ω_0(S^2) = Sympeo_0(S^2,ω)$.
description: 48 pages ; Many erroneous definitions and details of proofs are corrected. An additional author is added. But all the main theorems stated in the introduction of the previous version remain to hold
Structural, electronic and magnetic properties of heterofullerenes C48B12
Creators: name: Xie, Rui-Hua
name: Jensen, Lasse
name: Bryant, Garnett W.
name: Zhao, Jijun
name: Smith, Vedene H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bonding, electric (hyper)polarizability, vibrational and magnetic properties of heterofullerene ${\rm C}_{48}{\rm B}_{12}$ are studied by first-principles calculations. Infrared- and Raman-active vibrational frequencies of ${\rm C}_{48}{\rm B}_{12}$ are assigned. Eight $^{13}$C and 2 $^{11}$B NMR spectral signals of ${\rm C}_{48}{\rm B}_{12}$ are characterized. The first-order hyperpolarizability in ${\rm C}_{48}{\rm B}_{12}$ is zero because of the inversion symmetry. The average second-order hyperpolarizability of ${\rm C}_{48}{\rm B}_{12}$ is about 180% larger than that of ${\rm C}_{60}$. Our results suggest that ${\rm C}_{48}{\rm B}_{12}$ is also a candidate for photonic and optical limiting applications because of the enhanced third-order optical nonlinearities.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Chem.Phys.Lett
Методика пространственного профилирования дозвуковых венцов осевых компрессоров в области сопряжения пера лопаток с торцевой поверхностью
Creators: name: N.M. Savin
name: Ugryumov, Mykhaylo
name: V.A. Men'shikov
name: Skob, Yurii
name: V.V. Belik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91501 Computational Fluid Dynamics
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Методика пространственного профилирования дозвуковых венцов осевых компрессоров в области сопряжения пера лопаток с торцевой поверхностью
Analysis of Transport in the Brain
Creators: name: Ray, Lori
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: brain transport
glymphatic
dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI
finite-element modeling

description: The attached files are supplemental animations to Chapter 4 of my doctoral thesis "Analysis of Transport in the Brain". As part of my research dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI following tracer motion through fluid in the mouse brain was combined with subject-specific finite-element transport models of the whole brain to determine overall transport parameters for different regions of interest. Animations are presented for a representative mouse (WT031417) for the following: 1) tracer concentration calculated from DCE MRI signal, 2) "best-fit" tracer concentration simultaion using overall transport parameters given in Chapter 4, Figure 5 and Table 2, and 3) tracer concentration simulating an injection effect on transport using parameters given in Chapter 4, Figure 7. Movies can be viewed individually or within the PowerPoint slides.
Primordial black holes as dark matter and gravitational waves from single-field polynomial inflation
Creators: name: Ballesteros, Guillermo
name: Rey, Julián
name: Taoso, Marco
name: Urbano, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the possibility that the majority of dark matter in our Universe consists of black holes of primordial origin. We determine the conditions under which such black holes may have originated from a single-field model of inflation characterized by a quartic polynomial potential. We also explore the effect of higher-dimensional operators. The large power spectrum of curvature perturbations that is needed for a large black hole abundance sources sizable second order tensor perturbations. The resulting stochastic background of primordial gravitational waves could be detected by the future space-based observatories LISA and DECIGO or --as long as we give up on the dark matter connection--by the ground-based Advanced LIGO-Virgo detector network.
description: 28 pages, 13 figures; minor changes, version accepted for publication in JCAP
Lattice QCD in the epsilon-regime and random matrix theory
Creators: name: Giusti, Leonardo
name: Lüscher, Martin
name: Weisz, Peter
name: Wittig, Hartmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the epsilon-regime of QCD the main features of the spectrum of the low-lying eigenvalues of the (euclidean) Dirac operator are expected to be described by a certain universality class of random matrix models. In particular, the latter predict the joint statistical distribution of the individual eigenvalues in any topological sector of the theory. We compare some of these predictions with high-precision numerical data obtained from lattice QCD for a range of lattice spacings and volumes. While no complete matching is observed, the results agree with theoretical expectations at volumes larger than about 5 fm^4.
description: Plain TeX source, 17 pages, figures included, minor changes in tables 3 and 4
Lateral shifts and angular deviations of Gaussian optical beams reflected by and transmitted through dielectric blocks: A tutorial review
Creators: name: De Leo, Steafno
name: Maia, Gabriel G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we summarize the current state of understanding of lateral displacement and angular deviations of an optical beam propagating through dielectric blocks. In part I, the analytical formulas, found for critical incidence, are compared with numerical calculations and, when possible, extended from Gaussian to more general angular distributions. Angular deviations are discussed both for the critical and for the Brewster incidence. The combined effect, known as the composite Goos-Haenchen shift, shows an interesting axial dependence and, under particular circumstances, the intriguing phenomenon of the light oscillation. In part II, the weak measurement technique is discussed in detail and compared with direct optical measurements.
description: 58 pages, 2 tables, 24 gifures
Higher-dimensional Dedekind sums and their bounds arising from the discrete diagonal of the n-cube
Creators: name: Beck, Matthias
name: Robins, Sinai
name: Zacks, Shelemyahu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11L07

description: Higher-dimensional Dedekind sums are defined as a generalization of a recent 1-dimensional probability model of Dilcher and Girstmair to a d-dimensional cube. The analysis of the frequency distribution of marked lattice points leads to new formulae in certain special cases, and to new bounds for the classical Dedekind sums. Upper bounds for the generalized Dedekind sums are defined in terms of 1-dimensional moments. In the classical two-dimensional case, the ratio of these sums to their upper bounds are cosines of angles between certain vectors of n-dimensional cones, conjectured to have a largest spacial angle of pi/6.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
Oxford - Radcliffe Results - meteorology - published series from 1853
Creators: name: Burt, Stephen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 40105 Climatology (excl. Climate Change Processes)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Annual or collected annual summaries of daily meteorological observations made at the Radcliffe Observatory, Oxford, England from 1853 to 1935
These have been collected in broadly decadal sets from a mixture of existing online scanned content, supplemented by photographed pages from volumes in the Bodleian and Radcliffe Science Library collections.
These files are LARGE. To reduce file sizes, in some cases existing scanned material available online has been truncated to retain only the meteorological content (in most of the 19thC volumes, the astronomical observations make up ~ 90% of the volume). This is against the wishes of some of the organisations providing the online content, but it is essential to maintaining manageable file sizes and enhancing the availability of the records.
All of the contents are out of Copyright, but if using them in published work please cite the material in the usual manner.
Vortex Lattice Structural Transitions: a Ginzburg-Landau Model Approach
Creators: name: Klironomos, A. D.
name: Dorsey, Alan T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the rhombic to square vortex lattice phase transition in anisotropic superconductors using a variant of Ginzburg-Landau (GL) theory. The mean-field phase diagram is determined to second order in the anisotropy parameter, and shows a reorientation transition of the square vortex lattice with respect to the crystal lattice. We then derive the long-wavelength elastic moduli of the lattices, and use them to show that thermal fluctuations produce a reentrant rhombic to square lattice transition line, similar to recent studies which used a nonlocal London model.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, final version with various referee suggested modifications, scheduled to appear in PRL
Adapting Credit Risk Models to Agriculture
Creators: name: Zech, Lyubov
name: Pederson, Glenn D.
name: Zech, Lyubov
name: Pederson, Glenn D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: agricultural credit
subject: value-at-risk
subject: credit risk models
subject: economic capital
subject: portfolio risk analysis
subject: capital adequacy
subject: portfolio management.

description: A framework is identified for modeling credit risk in agriculture. A CreditRisk+ type model is deemed most suitable for agricultural lending. The CreditRisk+ model is modified to overcome its drawbacks by incorporating recent research that accounts for sector correlations and uses a more stable and accurate algorithm. The model is applied to AgStar Financial Services, ACA, a cooperative agricultural lender, in order to determine how such a lender may adapt this model for portfolio risk analysis and to make capital and portfolio management decisions. The model generates a loan loss distribution, which is used to derive the lender’s expected and unexpected losses for the overall portfolio and individual loans. The model shows that AgStar is more than adequately capitalized based on the parameters estimated using 1997-2002 data. Since AgStar’s capital position is lower than that of most other associations, this raises the issue of overcapitalization within the Farm Credit System.
A Type of Virtual Force based Energy-hole Mitigation Strategy for Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Sha, Chao
name: Ren, Chunhui
name: Malekian, Reza
name: Wu, Min
name: Huang, Haiping
name: Ye, Ning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the era of Big Data and Mobile Internet, how to ensure the terminal devices (e.g., sensor nodes) work steadily for a long time is one of the key issues to improve the efficiency of the whole network. However, a lot of facts have shown that the unattended equipments are prone to failure due to energy exhaustion, physical damage and other reasons. This may result in the emergence of energy-hole, seriously affecting network performance and shortening its lifetime. To reduce data redundancy and avoid the generation of sensing blind areas, a type of Virtual Force based Energy-hole Mitigation strategy (VFEM) is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the virtual force (gravitation and repulsion) between nodes is introduced that makes nodes distribute as uniformly as possible. Secondly, in order to alleviate the "energy-hole problem", the network is divided into several annuluses with the same width. Then, another type of virtual force, named "virtual gravity generated by annulus", is proposed to further optimize the positions of nodes in each annulus. Finally, with the help of the "data forwarding area", the optimal paths for data uploading can be selected out, which effectively balances energy consumption of nodes. Experiment results show that, VFEM has a relatively good performance on postponing the generation time of energy-holes as well as prolonging the network lifetime compared with other typical energy-hole mitigation methods.
Carbon Emissions, Renewable Electricity, and Profits: Comparing Policies to Promote Anaerobic Digesters on Dairies
Creators: name: Key, Nigel D.
name: Sneeringer, Stacy E.
name: Key, Nigel D.
name: Sneeringer, Stacy E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: anaerobic digester
subject: carbon offsets
subject: climate change
subject: dairy
subject: methane
subject: renewable electricity
subject: subsidy

description: Anaerobic digesters can provide renewable energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions from manure management. Government policies that encourage digester adoption by livestock operations include construction cost-share grants, renewable electricity subsidies, and carbon pricing (offset) programs. However, the effectiveness and efficiency of these policies is not well understood. For the U.S. dairy sector, we compare predicted digester adoption rates, carbon emission reductions, renewable electricity generation and sales, and net returns and social benefits of several policies. We find that a carbon pricing policy provides the greatest net social benefit for a range of assumptions about the benefits of carbon reductions and renewable energy.
Influence of the nucleon spectral function in photon and electron induced reactions on nuclei
Creators: name: Lehr, J.
name: Mosel, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of the nucleon spectral function on eta photo- and electroproduction on nuclei. Besides kinematical effects due to groundstate correlations, also a modification of the S11(1535) decay width is taken into account, which is caused by the possible decay into nucleons with mass smaller than the pole mass in the medium. Hence, resonances with masses below the free N eta threshold can contribute to eta production.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Secondly quantized multi-configurational approach for atomic databases
Creators: name: Gaigalas, G.
name: Rudzikas, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: General method is suggested to find non-relativistic and relativistic matrix elements of one- and two-electron operators for any number of open shells in atom, requiring neither coefficients of fractional parentage nor unit tensors. It is based on second quantization in coupled tensorial form, angular momentum theory in orbital, spin and quasispin spaces and generalized graphical technique. All matrix elements (diagonal and non-diagonal with respect to configurations) differ then only by projections of quasispin of separate shells and are expressed via completely reduced (in three spaces) matrix elements of second quantization operator and its products. Thus, all matrix elements are treated uniformly. This approach allows one to generate fairly accurate databases of atomic parameters.
Improved numerical solution of the Euler equations
Creators: name: A.V. Ambrozhevich
name: Skob, Yurii
name: Ugryumov, Mykhaylo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91501 Computational Fluid Dynamics
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Уточненное численное решение уравнений Эйлера (Improved numerical solution of the Euler equations)
On overload in a storage model, with a self-similar and infinitely divisible input
Creators: name: Albin, J. M. P.
name: Samorodnitsky, Gennady
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G18, 60G70 (Primary) 60E07, 60G10. (Secondary)

description: Let {X(t)}_{t\ge0} be a locally bounded and infinitely divisible stochastic process, with no Gaussian component, that is self-similar with index H>0. Pick constants γ>H and c>0. Let νbe the Lévy measure on R^{[0,\infty)} of X, and suppose that R(u)\equivν({y\inR^{[0,\infty)}:supt\ge 0y(t)/(1+ct^γ)>u}) is suitably ``heavy tailed'' as u\to\infty (e.g., subexponential with positive decrease). For the ``storage process'' Y(t)\equiv sup_{s\ge t}(X(s)-X(t)-c(s-t)^γ), we show that P{sup_{s\in[0,t(u)]}Y(s)>u}\sim P{Y(\hat t(u))>u} as u\to\infty, when 0\le \hat t(u)\le t(u) do not grow too fast with u [e.g., t(u)=o(u^{1/γ})].
Decoupled Direct Payments under Base Acreage and Yield Updating Uncertainty: An Investigation of Agricultural Chemical Use
Creators: name: Peckham, Janet G.
name: Kropp, Jaclyn D.
name: Peckham, Janet G.
name: Kropp, Jaclyn D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: decoupled payments
subject: expectations
subject: input use
subject: production decisions
subject: updating

description: We analyze the impacts of agricultural subsidies on farm-level production decisions and input use under price, yield, and policy uncertainty for a risk-averse farmer. Using U.S. farm-level data and weighted ordinary least squares, we find that decoupled payments had little impact on agricultural chemical expenditures (our proxy for use) when the payments were first introduced in 1996. However, after 2004 there is a positive, significant relationship between decoupled payments and agricultural chemical expenditures. The results suggest that updating, introduced in 2002, and expectations of future updating caused decoupled payments to become coupled to current input use and, ultimately, production.
Energy spectrum of the ground state of a two dimensional relativistic hydrogen atom in the presence of a constant magnetic field
Creators: name: Villalba, Victor M.
name: Pino, Ramiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the energy spectrum of the ground state of a 2D Dirac electron in the presence of a Coulomb potential and a constant magnetic field perpendicular to the plane where the the electron is confined. With the help of a mixed-basis variational method we compute the wave function and the energy level and show how it depends on the magnetic field strength. We compare the results with those obtained numerically as well as in the non relativistic limit.
The hERG channel activator, RPR260243, enhances protective IKr current early in the refractory period reducing arrhythmogenicity in zebrafish hearts
Creators: name: Shi, Yu
name: Zhaokai Pang
name: Ravichandra Venkateshappa
name: Gunawan, Marvin
name: Kemp, Jacob
name: Elson Truong
name: Cherlene Chang
name: Lin, Eric
name: Shafaattalab, Sanam
name: Shoaib Faizi
name: Rayani, Kaveh
name: Tibbits, Glen F
name: Claydon, Victoria E.
name: Claydon, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: hERG K+ channels are important in cardiac repolarization and their dysfunction causes prolongation of the ventricular action potential, Long QT Syndrome, and arrhythmia. As such, approaches to augment hERG channel function, such as activator compounds, have been of significant interest due to their marked therapeutic potential. Activator compounds that hinder channel inactivation abbreviate action potential duration (APD), but carry risk of over-correction leading to Short QT Syndrome. Enhanced risk by over-correction of the APD may be tempered by activator-induced increased refractoriness, however investigation of the cumulative effect of hERG activator compounds on the balance of these effects in whole organ systems is lacking. Here, we have investigate the antiarrhythmic capability of a hERG activator, RPR260243, which augments channel function by slowing deactivation kinetics, in ex vivo zebrafish whole hearts. We show that 30 mM RPR260243 abbreviates the ventricular APD, reduces triangulation, and steepens the slope of the electrical restitution curve. In addition, RPR260243 increases the post-repolarization refractory period. We provide evidence that this latter effect arises from RPR260243-induced enhancement of hERG channel protective currents flowing early in refractory. Finally, the cumulative effect of RPR260243 on arrhythmogenicity in whole organ zebrafish hearts is demonstrated by the restoration of normal rhythm in hearts presenting dofetilide-induced arrhythmia. These findings in a whole organ model demonstrate the antiarrhythmic benefit of hERG activator compounds that modify both APD and refractoriness. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that targeted slowing of hERG channel deactivation and enhancement of protective currents may provide an effective antiarrhythmic approach.
Численное моделирование эффектов вязкости при расчете пространственного течения в решетках турбомашин
Creators: name: Skob, Yurii
name: Ugryumov, Mykhaylo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91501 Computational Fluid Dynamics
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Численное моделирование эффектов вязкости при расчете пространственного течения в решетках турбомашин
Charged pion condensation in dense quark matter: Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model study
Creators: name: Khunjua, T. G.
name: Klimenko, K. G.
name: Zhokhov, R. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this short review we tried to give an outline of investigations of charged pion condensation (PC) in dense baryonic (quark) matter in the framework of effective Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) type models. The possibility of charged PC phase in dense quark matter with isospin asymmetry is investigated. First, it is demonstrated that this phase can be realized in the framework of massless NJL model. But the existence of this phase is enormously fragile to the values of current quark mass %.Then, and we show that charged PC phase is forbidden in electrically neutral dense quark matter with $β$-equilibrium when current quark masses are close to their physical value of 5.5 MeV. Nevertheless, then it is shown that in real physical systems there could be conditions promoting the appearance of charged PC phenomenon in dense quark matter, namely, it was shown that if one includes into consideration the fact that system can have finite size, then a dense charged PC phase can be realized there. It was also demonstrated that the possibility of inhomogeneous pion condensate might allow this phase to appear. And more recently it was revealed that there is another interesting factor that can induce a charged PC phase in dense quark matter even without isospin imbalance. It is a chiral imbalance of the system (non-zero difference between densities of left- and right-handed quarks). This results can be interesting in heavy ion collision experiments, where it is expected to get high baryon densities. It is of interest also in the context of the neutron stars, where quark matter might be realized in the core and very high baryon and isospin densities are attained.
description: The small review in special Issue "Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model and its applications" of Symmetry
A Market-based Mitigation Program for Wind-borne Diseases
Creators: name: Bekkerman, Anton
name: Piggott, Nicholas E.
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
name: Jefferson-Moore, Kenrett Y.
name: Bekkerman, Anton
name: Piggott, Nicholas E.
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
name: Jefferson-Moore, Kenrett Y.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: check-off
subject: equilibrium displacement model
subject: invasive species
subject: soybean rust
subject: welfare effects
subject: wind-borne disease

description: Wind-borne diseases can spread rapidly and cause large losses. Producers may have little incentive to prevent disease spread because prevention may not be welfare-maximizing. This study proposes a market-based mitigation program that indemnifies producers against disease-related losses and provides an incentive to neighboring producers to take preventive action, which can substantially mitigate infestations, reduce the likelihood of catastrophic losses, and increase social welfare. An equilibrium displacement model simulates introduction of the program for U.S. soybeans. Simulations reveal that the market-based solution contributes to minor market distortions but also reduces social welfare losses and could succeed for other at-risk commodities.
Optical studies of companions to millisecond pulsars
Creators: name: van Kerkwijk, M. H.
name: Bassa, C. G.
name: Jacoby, B. A.
name: Jonker, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical observations of the companions of pulsars can help determine the properties of the binaries, as well as those of their components, and give clues to the preceding evolution. In this review, we first describe the different classes of binary pulsars, and present a table with a summary what is known about their optical counterparts. Next, we focus on the class of pulsars that have low-mass, helium-core white dwarf companions. We discuss attempts to determine the masses of both components using optical spectroscopy, and compare the pulsar spin-down ages with cooling ages of the white dwarfs. We confirm that for a given age, the lowest-mass white dwarfs are much hotter than the more massive ones, consistent with recent evolutionary models, although with one glaring exception. We discuss the case of PSR B0820+02, where the cooling age indicates a braking index less than 3, and conclude by describing how cooling ages can be used to test formation scenarios for PSR J1911-5958A, a pulsar binary in the outskirts of NGC 6752.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, and a big table with a summary of optical information on all binary pulsars outside globular clusters. To appear in "Binary Radio Pulsars," ASP Conf. series, eds. F. A. Rasio & I. H. Stairs. Version 2 has the spectral type for the companion of PSR J0437-4715 corrected
Additional file 4 of Circular RNA circLOC101928570 suppresses systemic lupus erythematosus progression by targeting the miR-150-5p/c-myb axis
Creators: name: Zhao, Xingwang
name: Dong, Rui
name: Tang, Zhongwei
name: Wang, Juan
name: Wang, Chunyou
name: Song, Zhiqiang
name: Ni, Bing
name: Zhang, Longlong
name: He, Xiaochong
name: You, Yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Identified and selected upregulated circRNAs and downregulated circRNAs (|fold change| >2, P < 0.01) between healthy controls and SLE patients by circRNA RNA-seq data.
Factors Affecting Farmer Participation in Agritourism
Creators: name: Bagi, Faqir Singh
name: Reeder, Richard J.
name: Bagi, Faqir Singh
name: Reeder, Richard J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Farm Management
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: agritourism
subject: farm recreation
subject: public access for recreation
subject: farm location
subject: logit model
subject: odds ratios
subject: operator characteristics

description: Using a national farm survey, this study estimates a logit model to identify factors affecting U.S. farmers' participation in agritourism. Of the dummy variables, public access to the farm for recreation has the greatest positive impact, followed by farms near central cities, farms in Rocky Mountain and Southern Plains regions, farmers with college education, farmers paying for farm advice, farms organized as partnerships/corporations, farms enrolled in conservation programs, and farmers with access to the internet. Continuous variables affecting participation include acres of owned land, percent of land unsuitable for crops, operator age, and distance to cities. Targeting farms and farmers with these traits can increase the success of agritourism promotion efforts.
Reduction of Spin Glasses applied to the Migdal-Kadanoff Hierarchical Lattice
Creators: name: Boettcher, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A reduction procedure to obtain ground states of spin glasses on sparse graphs is developed and tested on the hierarchical lattice associated with the Migdal-Kadanoff approximation for low-dimensional lattices. While more generally applicable, these rules here lead to a complete reduction of the lattice. The stiffness exponent governing the scaling of the defect energy $ΔE$ with system size $L$, $σ(ΔE)\sim L^y$, is obtained as $y_3=0.25546(3)$ by reducing the equivalent of lattices up to $L=2^{100}$ in $d=3$, and as $y_4=0.76382(4)$ for up to $L=2^{35}$ in $d=4$. The reduction rules allow the exact determination of the ground state energy, entropy, and also provide an approximation to the overlap distribution. With these methods, some well-know and some new features of diluted hierarchical lattices are calculated.
description: 7 pages, RevTex, 6 figures (postscript), added results for d=4, some corrections; final version, as to appear in EPJB
Forecast constraints on Anisotropic Stress in Dark Energy using gravitational-waves
Creators: name: Yang, Weiqiang
name: Pan, Supriya
name: Mota, David F.
name: Du, Minghui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is always interesting to investigate how well can a future experiment perform with respect to others (present or future ones). Cosmology is really an exciting field where a lot of puzzles are still unknown. In this article we consider a generalized dark energy (DE) scenario where anisotropic stress is present. We constrain this generalized cosmic scenario with an aim to investigate how gravitational waves standard sirens (GWSS) may constrain the anisotropic stress, which according to the standard cosmological probes, remains unconstrained. In order to do this, we generate the luminosity distance measurements from $\mathcal{O} (10^3)$ mock GW events which match the expected sensitivity of the Einstein Telescope. Our analyses report that, first of all, GWSS can give better constraints on various cosmological parameters compared to the usual cosmological probes, but the viscous sound speed appearing due to the dark energy anisotropic stress, is totally unconstrained even after the inclusion of GWSS.
description: 17 pages, 5 tables and 12 figures; version accepted for publication by MNRAS
The Effect of Label Information on U.S. Farmers’ Herbicide Choices
Creators: name: Hasing, Tomas
name: Carpio, Carlos E.
name: Willis, David B.
name: Sydorovych, Olha
name: Marra, Michele C.
name: Hasing, Tomas
name: Carpio, Carlos E.
name: Willis, David B.
name: Sydorovych, Olha
name: Marra, Michele C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Production Economics
subject: mixed logit model
subject: WTP to avoid human and environmental risk

description: This paper analyzes the effect of labeling information on U.S. farmers’ herbicide choices. Herbicide choices reported by U.S. soybean farmers are used to estimate farmer preferences for different herbicide attributes using a mixed logit model. Our results indicate that statements displayed on pesticide labels regarding risks to human health and the environment are important components in herbicide selection. We find that farmers are willing to pay an average of $27 per acre to avoid using an herbicide labeled with the word “Warning” and $38 per acre to avoid using an herbicide labeled with the word “Danger.”
The $Z_2 \times Z_2$-graded general linear Lie superalgebra
Creators: name: Isaac, Phillip S.
name: Stoilova, N. I.
name: Van der Jeugt, Joris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a novel realisation of the $\mathbb{Z}_2\times\mathbb{Z}_2$-graded Lie superalgebra $\mathfrak{gl}(m_1,m_2|n_1,n_2)$ inside an algebraic extension of the enveloping algebra of the $\mathbb{Z}_2$-graded Lie superalgebra $\mathfrak{gl}(m|n)$, with $m=m_1+m_2$ and $n=n_1+n_2$. A consequence of this realisation is that the representations of $\mathfrak{gl}(m|n)$ "lift up" to representations of $\mathfrak{gl}(m_1,m_2|n_1,n_2)$, with matrix elements differing only by a sign, which we are able to characterise concisely.
Systematic review of the actual emissions reductions of carbon offset projects across all major sectors
Creators: name: Probst, Benedict
name: Toetzke, Malte
name: Kontoleon, Andreas
name: Diaz Anadon, Laura
name: Hoffmann, Volker H.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2023

description: Net-zero targets have significantly increased carbon offset demand. Carbon offsets are issued based on ex-ante estimates of project emissions reductions, though systematic evidence on ex-post evaluations of achieved emissions reductions is missing. We synthesized existing rigorous empirical studies evaluating more than 2,000 offset projects across all major offset sectors. Our analysis shows that offset projects achieved considerably lower emissions reductions than officially claimed. We estimate that only 12% of the total volume of existing credits constitute real emissions reductions, with 0% for renewable energy, 0.4% for cookstoves, 25.0% for forestry and 27.5% for chemical processes. Our results thus indicate that 88% of the total credit volume across these four sectors in the voluntary carbon market does not constitute real emissions reductions. This offset achievement gap corresponds to almost twice the annual German CO2 emissions. We complement evidence from offset projects with 51 additional studies conducting ex-post evaluations of field interventions with settings comparable to offset projects. For cookstoves and forestry projects, these field interventions were more effective at reducing emissions than the voluntary offset projects, likely due to more careful intervention targeting, stricter monitoring and enforcement of intervention protocols.