cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New Primary Mechanisms for the Synthesis of Rare 9Be in Early Supernovae
Creators: name: Banerjee, P.
name: Qian, Y. -Z.
name: Haxton, W. C.
name: Heger, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two new primary mechanisms for the synthesis of the rare nucleus 9Be, both triggered by nu-induced production of 3H followed by 4He(3H,gamma)7Li in the He shells of core-collapse supernovae. For progenitors of ~8M_sun, 7Li(3H,n_0)9Be occurs during the rapid expansion of the shocked He shell. Alternatively, for ultra-metal-poor progenitors of ~11-15M_sun, 7Li(n,gamma)8Li(n,gamma)9Li(e^-anti-nu_e)9Be occurs with neutrons produced by 4He(anti-nu_e,e^+n)3H, assuming a hard effective anti-nu_e spectrum from oscillations (which also leads to heavy element production through rapid neutron capture) and a weak explosion (so the 9Be survives shock passage). We discuss the associated production of 7Li and 11B, noting patterns in LiBeB production that might distinguish the new mechanisms from others.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, to be published in Physical Review Letters
Breastfeeding and Cesarean-Section Rates in the Dominican Republic from 1996 to 2013
Creators: name: , Lily
name: , Rebecca
name: , Amira
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: Breastfeeding and c-section rates serve as important indicators for countries’ maternal and infant health conditions. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends breastfeeding within the first hour of birth and an average cesarean-section (c-section) rate of 10-15%. This study aims to investigate the associations between breastfeeding and c-section rates in the Dominican Republic from 1996 to 2013. Data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) were analyzed using descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable logistic regression analysis. Trends in breastfeeding and c-section rates were visualized using Tableau data visualization software. The early initiation rate decreased from 60.9% in 1996 to 45.1% in 2013. The c-section rate nearly tripled from 1996 (26.7%) to 2013 (60.7%). Multivariable logistic regression results showed women with c-sections were significantly less likely to breastfeed across all time periods. Large disparities in early initiation and c-section rates were found between wealth levels. Preliminary results suggest that government and non-profit organization's efforts to improve maternal and infant health should focus their efforts on reducing c-section rates and increasing early initiation rates to reach WHO standards, specifically by addressing wealth disparities.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Generalized quantum mechanical two Coulomb centers problem (Demkov problem)
Creators: name: Puchkov, Andrei M.
name: Kozedub, Alexei V.
name: Bodnia, Evgenia O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new exactly solvable quantum problem for which the Schroedinger equation allows for separation of variables in oblate spheroidal coordinates. Namely, this is the quantum mechanical two Coulomb centers problem for the case of imaginary intercenter parameter and complex conjugate charges is considered. Since the potential is defined by the two-sheeted mapping whose singularities are concentrated on a circle rather than at separate points, there arise additional possibilities in choice of boundary conditions. Detailed classification of the various types of boundary-value problems is given. The quasi-radial equation leads to a new type of boundary value problems which was never considered before. Results of the numerical calculations allowing to draw conclusions about the structure of the energy spectrum are shown. Possible physical applications are discussed.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures; some references added
An Experience Report of Applying Automated Techniques to Non-deterministic Bugs in Software Testing
Creators: name: Arya
name: Suzzana
name: , Wing
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: Software testing is widely used by developers to reduce bugs in software. Flaky tests are tests that non-deterministically pass and fail when run on the same version of code, and they greatly impact the software industry in terms of time and monetary losses. Additionally, failures due to flaky tests mislead developers about recent changes and reduce developers' trust in software testing. Tests can be flaky due to concurrency, network calls, asynchronous calls, dependency on the test order, and many other reasons. Order-Dependent (OD) flaky tests are a specific subset of flaky tests that pass and fail only due to the order in which the tests are run. Our work focuses on fixing OD Python flaky tests found in popular open-source projects using iPFlakies, a framework that can automatically detect OD tests and generate patches for the OD tests. Our work consists of checking to see if the detected tests are OD at the latest version of the projects, and if so, applying and improving (e.g., removing lines of code that do not directly contribute to the fix) the automatically-generated patch. We prepared pull requests for 10 tests across 8 open-source projects found on GitHub, and developers from two different projects have already accepted our pull requests. Our work will help prevent flaky tests from negatively impacting the developers of these projects in the future.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Spontaneous dimerization, spin-nematic order, and deconfined quantum critical point in a spin-1 Kitaev chain with tunable single-ion anisotropy
Creators: name: Luo, Qiang
name: Hu, Shijie
name: Li, Jinbin
name: Zhao, Jize
name: Kee, Hae-Young
name: Wang, Xiaoqun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kitaev-type spin chains have been demonstrated to be fertile playgrounds in which exotic phases and unconventional phase transitions are ready to appear. In this work, we use the density-matrix renormalization group method to study the quantum phase diagram of a spin-1 Kitaev chain with a tunable negative single-ion anisotropy (SIA). When the strength of the SIA is small, the ground state is revealed to be a spin-nematic phase which escapes conventional magnetic order but is characterized by a finite spin-nematic correlation because of the breaking spin-rotational symmetry. As the SIA increases, the spin-nematic phase is taken over by either a dimerized phase or an antiferromagnetic phase through an Ising-type phase transition, depending on the direction of the easy axis. For large enough SIA, the dimerized phase and the antiferromagnetic phase undergo a ``Landau-forbidden" continuous phase transition, suggesting new platform of deconfined quantum critical point in spin-1 Kitaev chain.
description: 11+$\epsilon$ pages, 9 figures. Phys. Rev. B to appear
Corpus of Ancient Brooches in Britain
Creators: name: Feugère, Michel
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Corpus of Ancient Brooches in Britain by the late Mark Reginald Hull. M. R. Hull (f 1976)
and C. F. C. Hawkes, Pre-Roman Bow Brooches (PBB), with the co-author’s revisions
and additions (1977-85). BAR British Series 168, Oxford 1987. ISBN 0-86054-450-8.
V, 236 Seiten und 57 Tafeln.
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 67 Nr. 2 (1989)
Efficient iterative method for solving the Dirac-Kohn-Sham density functional theory
Creators: name: Lin, Lin
name: Shao, Sihong
name: E, Weinan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present for the first time an efficient iterative method to directly solve the four-component Dirac-Kohn-Sham (DKS) density functional theory. Due to the existence of the negative energy continuum in the DKS operator, the existing iterative techniques for solving the Kohn-Sham systems cannot be efficiently applied to solve the DKS systems. The key component of our method is a novel filtering step (F) which acts as a preconditioner in the framework of the locally optimal block preconditioned conjugate gradient (LOBPCG) method. The resulting method, dubbed the LOBPCG-F method, is able to compute the desired eigenvalues and eigenvectors in the positive energy band without computing any state in the negative energy band. The LOBPCG-F method introduces mild extra cost compared to the standard LOBPCG method and can be easily implemented. We demonstrate our method in the pseudopotential framework with a planewave basis set which naturally satisfies the kinetic balance prescription. Numerical results for Pt$_{2}$, Au$_{2}$, TlF, and Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ indicate that the LOBPCG-F method is a robust and efficient method for investigating the relativistic effect in systems containing heavy elements.
description: 31 pages, 5 figures
Thomas Saile, Untersuchungen zur ur- und frühgeschichtlichen Besiedlung der nördlichen Wetterau
Creators: name: Gringmuth-Dallmer, Eike
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Thomas Saile, Untersuchungen zur ur- und frühgeschichtlichen Besiedlung der nördlichen
Wetterau. Materialien zur Vor- und Frühgeschichte von Hessen, Band 21. Selbstverlag
des Landesamtes für Denkmalpflege Hessen, Wiesbaden 1998. ISBN 3-89822-
421-X. 2 Bände. XIV, 415 Seiten mit 249 Abbildungen, 18 Tabellen und 1 Beilage.
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 81 Nr. 2 (2003)
MPEC 2023-W84 : 2023 WC2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 WC2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Reinforcement Learning Based Channel Hopping: Implementation on Nano Drones
Creators: name: Ziqiang
name: , Kai
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: Today, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are expanding in prevalence, and now play a preeminent role in numerous fields, finding use in forest fire monitoring, aerial photography, product deliveries, and more. However, due to the nature of wireless communication, the controller to UAV link is vulnerable to jamming attacks and other interference. To cope with such attacks, multi-armed bandit (MAB) algorithms have been proven effective. Nevertheless, there has been little research on the implementation of MAB algorithms on channel hopping for Nano drones. Thus, this study explores practical implementations of MAB algorithms, namely UCB1, EXP3, and Epsilon greedy on the Crazyflie 2.1 nano drones. For the problem of opportunistic channel access with no prior information and assumption about the channel’s occupation and quality, MAB algorithms proved exceptionally effective. In a game where there are K independent arms (i.e., K wireless channels), MAB algorithms choose one arm to play (i.e., select one channel to access) each time and receive a reward. The algorithms balance exploration and exploitation to maximize the sum of rewards (i.e., the number of successfully delivered packets). To test the effectiveness of each MAB algorithm under jamming attacks, we conducted extensive experiments using Crazyradio and Crazyflie 2.1. The packet delivery ratios (PDRs) of a stationary jammer were measured for each algorithm to evaluate its effectiveness. In lab environments, our experiment showed that UCB1 performs the best with PDRs of 95.3% and EXP3 performs the worst with a PDRs of 82.8%.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Decays of $H^0/A^0$ in supersymmetric scenarios with heavy sfermions
Creators: name: Arganda, Ernesto
name: Diaz-Cruz, J. Lorenzo
name: Szynkman, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent discovery of a new boson at the LHC, which resembles a SM-like Higgs boson with $m_h=125$ GeV, is starting to provide strong guidelines into SUSY model building. For instance, the identification of such a state with the lightest CP-even Higgs boson of the MSSM ($h^0$), requires large values of $\tanβ$ and/or heavy sfermions. One outcome of this result is the possibility to solve the SUSY flavor and CP problems by decoupling, which points towards some realization of Split-inspired SUSY scenarios, in which scalars are much heavier than gauginos and higgsinos. However, we argue here that the remaining Higgs bosons of the MSSM ($H^0$, $A^0$, $H^{\pm}$) do not have to be as heavy as the sfermions, and having them with masses near the EW scale does not pose any conflict with current MSSM constraints. We discuss then some SUSY scenarios with heavy sfermions, from a bottom-up approach, which contain the full Higgs sector, as well as a possible dark matter candidate, with masses near the EW scale, and identify distinctive signals from these scenarios that could be searched at the LHC.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures. Title modified, one figure and some comments added, overall conclusions remained as previous versions. This last version matches the manuscript accepted in EPJC
Improving Android User Interface Testing Through Automated Screen Understanding
Creators: name: , Alyssa
name: Safwat
name: , Kevin
name: , Wing
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: Due to the vast number of Android devices, it is difficult for developers to thoroughly test applications across different hardware configurations. Incompatibility issues can arise, invoking the need to automate software testing. Current automated testing approaches typically involve random or model-based input generation, which can often get trapped in “tarpits,” or screens that the tool is unable to progress past. We propose a learning-based approach that classifies screen states based on visual and text element extraction and is able to identify and handle tarpit screens. Our classifiers are trained using screenshots and metadata from the Rico dataset, representing UI configurations likely to appear in an app. To manage variability in UI designs our technique abstracts screenshots to create a “silhouette” image with color-coded boxes representing the bounds of UI elements. These silhouettes are decomposed into vector representations using an autoencoder, which is in turn used by our classifier to assign a label to a screen. Afterward, the app is tested using screen execution heuristics. The combined classifier achieves a 60% accuracy, compared to the 52% and 54% accuracies for exclusively visual and textual element classifiers. Our approach is able to identify tarpit screens with ~75% accuracy. In the future, we hope to illustrate that automated testing techniques that use our approach achieve superior code coverage compared to existing model-based techniques.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Accurate screened exchange band structures for transition metal monoxides MnO, FeO, CoO and NiO
Creators: name: Gillen, Roland
name: Robertson, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report calculations of the band structures and density of states of the four transition metal monoxides MnO, FeO, CoO and NiO using the hybrid density functional sX-LDA. Late transition metal oxides are prototypical examples of strongly correlated materials, which pose challenges for electronic structure methods. We compare our results with available experimental data and show that our calculations yield accurate predictions for the fundamental band gaps and valence bands of FeO, CoO and NiO. For MnO, the band gaps are underestimated, suggesting additional many-body effects that are not captured by our screened hybrid functional approach.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables
Quantitative dynamics of design thinking and creativity perspectives in company context
Creators: name: Georgiev, Georgi V.
name: Georgiev, Danko D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study is intended to provide in-depth insights into how design thinking and creativity issues are understood and possibly evolve in the course of design discussions in a company context. For that purpose, we use the seminar transcripts of the Design Thinking Research Symposium 12 (DTRS12) dataset "Tech-centred Design Thinking: Perspectives from a Rising Asia," which are primarily concerned with how Korean companies implement design thinking and what role designers currently play. We employed a novel method of information processing based on constructed dynamic semantic networks to investigate the seminar discussions according to company representatives and company size. We compared the quantitative dynamics in two seminars: the first involved managerial representatives of four companies, and the second involved specialized designers and management of a design center of single company. On the basis of dynamic semantic networks, we quantified the changes in four semantic measures -- abstraction, polysemy, information content, and pairwise word similarity -- in chronologically reconstructed individual design-thinking processes. Statistical analyses show that design thinking in the seminar with four companies, exhibits significant differences in the dynamics of abstraction, polysemy, and information content, compared to the seminar with the design center of single company. Both the decrease in polysemy and abstraction and the increase in information content in the individual design-thinking processes in the seminar with four companies indicate that design managers are focused on more concrete design issues, with more information and less ambiguous content to the final design product. By contrast, specialized designers manifest more abstract thinking and appear to exhibit a slightly higher level of divergence in their design processes.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Computing the Number of Attempts Needed On An Assignment to Improve Course Design
Creators: name: Tanvi
name: , Mihai
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: With recent surges in online learning, much of which can be attributed to COVID, homework, and quizzes are easily able to be graded and retaken. My goal was to use course data to figure out the optimal number of attempts a student should get for a course assignment to see the greatest improvement in the class. Multiple studies such as Mackenzie (2015) and Kortemyer (2019) show that having more attempts allows for increased retention of the topic. They both also found, however, that having unlimited retakes hampers student retention. Finding the threshold number of attempts necessary to see the largest improvements in retention is important to making online learning more effective. To find this I initially used a polynomial regression line with the independent variable being the number of attempts a student took and the dependent variable is the average rate of improvement of their attempts. This was calculated by adding the difference in the grades on each attempt and then dividing it by the total number of attempts. When I graphed these values there was a weak correlation. To create a stronger correlation, I conducted a multivariable polynomial regression with the two independent variables being the number of attempts and the average duration of each attempt (to capture students who were speeding through the questions). This provided a much stronger correlation to the improvement rate. I then proceeded to graph the best fit line I created and found that there were moderate increases in performance up to 3 attempts.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Constitutive Relations of Jammed Frictionless Granular Materials under Oscillatory Shear
Creators: name: Otsuki, Michio
name: Hayakawa, Hisao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically investigate the rheological properties of jammed frictionless granular materials under an oscillatory shear in terms of our simulation of the distinct element method. It is demonstrated that the constitutive relation between the shear stress and the shear strain of grains strongly depends on the amplitude and the frequency of the oscillatory shear. For a small amplitude region, the granular material behaves as a visco-elastic material characterized by the Kelvin-Voigt model, while it behaves as a yield stress liquid for a large amplitude region. We find that the rheology of grains under the large amplitude oscillatory shear can be described by a phenomenological constitutive model.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Proceedings of Powders and Grains 2013
Detection of Infrared Excess in the V1298 Tau Planetary System Using a Spectral Energy Distribution Model
Creators: name: Yushu
name: , Peter
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: When large planetesimals in the systems of young stars collide, they produce debris that is heated up by stellar irradiation and consequently re-emits that radiation in the infrared, causing an excess of infrared flux from the system than would be expected from the star alone. Infrared wavelength flux density differences between spectrophotometry of the T-Tauri star V1298 Tau and a Spectral Energy Distribution model fit show evidence for a marginal infrared excess around V1298 Tau, which could be attributed to a debris disk around the star. The young T-Tauri star V1298 Tau has previously been shown to host four transiting exoplanets, so characterizing the potential debris disk around the V1298 Tau system will help link the planet formation process to the nature and evolution of debris disks.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Lagrangian bias in the local bias model
Creators: name: Frusciante, Noemi
name: Sheth, Ravi K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is often assumed that the halo-patch fluctuation field can be written as a Taylor series in the initial Lagrangian dark matter density fluctuation field. We show that if this Lagrangian bias is local, and the initial conditions are Gaussian, then the two-point cross-correlation between halos and mass should be linearly proportional to the mass-mass auto-correlation function. This statement is exact and valid on all scales; there are no higher order contributions, e.g., from terms proportional to products or convolutions of two-point functions, which one might have thought would appear upon truncating the Taylor series of the halo bias function. In addition, the auto-correlation function of locally biased tracers can be written as a Taylor series in the auto-correlation function of the mass; there are no terms involving, e.g., derivatives or convolutions. Moreover, although the leading order coefficient, the linear bias factor of the auto-correlation function is just the square of that for the cross-correlation, it is the same as that obtained from expanding the mean number of halos as a function of the local density only in the large-scale limit. In principle, these relations allow simple tests of whether or not halo bias is indeed local in Lagrangian space. We discuss why things are more complicated in practice. We also discuss our results in light of recent work on the renormalizability of halo bias, demonstrating that it is better to renormalize than not. We use the Lognormal model to illustrate many of our findings.
description: 14 pages, published on JCAP
title: Physical activity effects on sleep in people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Chimenny Moraes
name: Santos, André Pereira Dos
name: Dalmo Roberto Lopes Machado
name: Correia, Igor Massari
name: Brilhadori, Joana
name: Euripedes Barsanulfo Gonçalves Gomide
name: Jeferson Roberto Collevatti Dos Anjos
name: Jéssica Fernanda Corrêa Cordeiro
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: aids
subject: hiv
subject: meta-analysis
subject: people living with HIV
subject: phyfical activity
subject: sleep
subject: systematic review

description: In 2021, the global prevalence of people living with HIV reached 38.4 million, with an increase of 1.5 million new infections. Antiretroviral therapy, although it has increased life expectancy for this group, still does not offer a definitive cure(1,2). Additionally, social and psychological factors, along with non-adherence to therapy, have been associated with sleep disorders, including insomnia in people living with HIV(2,3). Scientific literature has investigated the effects of physical activity on these sleep disorders in people living with HIV(4,5,6). Such disorders have been linked to various complications, such as insomnia, respiratory disorders, depression, and irregular nocturnal movements. Impaired sleep quality can lead to adverse short, medium, and long-term impacts, affecting daily functionality, occupational performance, and inducing changes in mood and physiological processes(7). Therefore, this review aims to critically explore the efficacy of physical activity in addressing sleep disorders in people living with HIV.
Quantum Error Correction with Uniformly Mixed State Ancillae
Creators: name: Kondo, Yasushi
name: Bagnasco, Chiara
name: Nakahara, Mikio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is often assumed that the ancilla qubits required for encoding a qubit in quantum error correction (QEC) have to be in pure states, $|00...0>$ for example. In this letter, we seek an encoding scheme, in which the ancillae may be in a uniformly mixed state. We demonstrate our scheme experimentally by making use of a three-qubit NMR quantum computer. Moreover, the encoded state has an interesting nature in terms of Quantum Discord, or purely quantum correlations between the data-qubit and ancillae.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Exploring Hands-on Resources and Activities in Election Security
Creators: name: , Yasemin
name: , Massimiliano
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: As the backbone of American democracy, elections, and more specifically secure elections, have an outstanding effect on our everyday lives. As both domestic and foreign cyber threats still pose significant risks for the United States, ensuring voting systems are secure and tamper-proof is critical. The overall election infrastructure is still challenged by insecure voting machines, inadequate access control, and a lack of qualified IT staff. Through our research on hands-on activities for advancing the understanding of election security, we observed an extensive lack of ready-to-use educational resources to train both the general public and aspiring election security researchers. We explored different computational resources designed to simulate and help work towards securing the election process including smart card readers and software libraries such as ElectionGuard, an open-source software development kit created by Microsoft. Throughout this process, we came across many limitations including a lack of documentation and more prominently, a challenging setup process without considerable knowledge. Our preliminary research indicates that the community needs to invest in making these types of resources more readily available and understandable for students to ensure they can help learn how to better protect our election infrastructure. While we concluded that there is a lack of resources to support an entire course, this presents us with an opportunity to fill this gap and create hands-on resources on election security to share with other institutions.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
"Gradient marker" - a universal wave pattern in inhomogeneous continuum
Creators: name: Kaplan, Alexander E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wave transport in a media with slow spatial gradient of its characteristics is found to exhibit a universal wave pattern ("gradient marker") in a vicinity of the maxima/minima of the gradient. The pattern is common for optics, quantum mechanics and any other propagation governed by the same wave equation. Derived analytically in adiabatic limit, it has an elegantly simple yet nontrivial single-cycle profile, which is found in perfect agreement with numerical simulations for specific examples. We also found resonant states in continuum in the case of quantum wells, and formulated criterium for their existence.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, submitted for journal publication
Balaenoptera Lacepede 1804
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Cetacea
Balaenopteridae
Balaenoptera

description: Balaenoptera Lacepede, 1804. Hist. Nat. Cetacees, p. 36, 114. COMMENT: Includes Sibbaldus; see Rice, 1977:13. PROTECTED STATUS: CITES - Appendix II as Order Cetacea. ISIS NUMBER: 5301411007001000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Cetacea, pp. 290-304 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 302, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352983
description: {"references": ["Rice, D. W. 1977. A list of the marine mammals of the world. Third ed. NOAA Technical Report, NMFS SSRF- 711: 1 - 15."]}
Recoil: Parallel rANS Decoding with Decoder-Adaptive Scalability
Creators: name: Lin, Fangzheng
name: Arunruangsirilert, Kasidis
name: Sun, Heming
name: Katto, Jiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Entropy coding is essential to data compression, image and video coding, etc. The Range variant of Asymmetric Numeral Systems (rANS) is a modern entropy coder, featuring superior speed and compression rate. As rANS is not designed for parallel execution, the conventional approach to parallel rANS partitions the input symbol sequence and encodes partitions with independent codecs, and more partitions bring extra overhead. This approach is found in state-of-the-art implementations such as DietGPU. It is unsuitable for content-delivery applications, as the parallelism is wasted if the decoder cannot decode all the partitions in parallel, but all the overhead is still transferred. To solve this, we propose Recoil, a parallel rANS decoding approach with decoder-adaptive scalability. We discover that a single rANS-encoded bitstream can be decoded from any arbitrary position if the intermediate states are known. After renormalization, these states also have a smaller upper bound, which can be stored efficiently. We then split the encoded bitstream using a heuristic to evenly distribute the workload, and store the intermediate states and corresponding symbol indices as metadata. The splits can then be combined simply by eliminating extra metadata entries. The main contribution of Recoil is reducing unnecessary data transfer by adaptively scaling parallelism overhead to match the decoder capability. The experiments show that Recoil decoding throughput is comparable to the conventional approach, scaling massively on CPUs and GPUs and greatly outperforming various other ANS-based codecs.
description: Accepted to the International Conference on Parallel Processing (ICPP) 2023
title: Improving reproducibility in animal research by splitting the study population into several 'mini-experiments'
Creators: name: Kortzfleisch, Vanessa
name: Karp, Natasha A.
name: Palme, Rupert
name: Kaiser, Sylvia
name: Sachser, Norbert
name: Richter, Sophie Helene
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 570 Biology

description: In light of the hotly discussed 'reproducibility crisis', a rethinking of current methodologies appears essential. Implementing multi-laboratory designs has been shown to enhance the external validity and hence the reproducibility of findings from animal research. We here aimed at proposing a new experimental strategy that transfers this logic into a single-laboratory setting. We systematically introduced heterogeneity into our study population by splitting an experiment into several 'mini-experiments' spread over different time points a few weeks apart. We hypothesised to observe improved reproducibility in such a 'mini-experiment' design in comparison to a conventionally standardised design, according to which all animals are tested at one specific point in time. By comparing both designs across independent replicates, we could indeed show that the use of such a 'mini-experiment' design improved the reproducibility and accurate detection of exemplary treatment effects (behavioural and physiological differences between four mouse strains) in about half of all investigated strain comparisons. Thus, we successfully implemented and empirically validated an easy-to-handle strategy to tackle poor reproducibility in single-laboratory studies. Since other experiments within different life science disciplines share the main characteristics with the investigation reported here, these studies are likely to also benefit from this approach.
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley 2019-2022.
Harmful Terms in Computing: Detection and Correction
Creators: name: , Hana
name: , Alicia
name: , Brittany
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: Modern-day technology is a product of decades of evolution. Over time as new technologies and concepts emerged, so did new terminology to describe and discuss them. While the landscape of individuals who develop technology has diversified over the years, the terminology has become a normalized part of modern software development and computing jargon. Despite organizations such as the ACM raising awareness of the potential harm certain terms can do and companies like Github working to change the systemic use of harmful terms in computing, it is still not clear what the landscape of harmful terminology in computing really is and how we can support the detection and correction of harmful terminology in computing artifacts. To this end, we conducted a literature review of existing work and efforts at curating, detecting, and removing harmful terminology. Building on these prior efforts, we implemented a proof-of-concept tool that detects and replaces harmful computing-related terminology in documents. Given the shortage of datasets on harmful terminology in computing, we will expand on this work in the future by exploring the potential for Natural Language Processing models to detect potentially harmful terms and phrases.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Научные труды,Выпуск №2 (№2 (том 25, №2, 2023 (1-56) стр.)25) 25) 2023
Creators: name: Национальная Академия Авиации Азербайджана
Publisher: name: Национальная Академия Авиации Азербайджана
Year: 2023

description: Научные труды,Выпуск №2 (№2 (том 25, №2, 2023 (1-56) стр.)25) 25) 2023
Isolating Globisporangium ultimum (Pythium ultimum) in Vitro to Study Biofungicide Treatments on Amaranthus tricolor Hydroponic Microgreens
Creators: name: , Ashley
name: Phonsirie
name: Yash
name: , Antigone
name: , Amy
name: , Emma
name: , Isidor
name: , Amanda
name: , Donielle
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: Growing microgreens hydroponically is a cleaner and more efficient process. However, many hydroponic systems are afflicted with recurring cases of root rot, commonly caused by Globisporangium ultimum (formerly Pythium ultimum), which can destroy crops within a couple of days. Despite this, there are minimal scientific resources addressing the issue. Thus, this study explores techniques that can be performed in the greenhouse for isolating G. ultimum from infected microgreen Amaranthus tricolor. Infection of A. tricolor was induced by placing frozen samples taken from previous infections into the hydroponic reservoir. Symptoms showed after the third crop cycle, roughly three weeks after the initial infection of the water. Sanitization was achieved in the greenhouse with solutions of 16% sodium hypochlorite (Clorox bleach) and then 70% propanol alcohol. Isolation methods included either collecting spores from mycelium growth on dying plants or collecting an infected root, then placing them onto potato dextrose, V8, or water agar. After multiple experimental trials, results indicated that G. ultimum growth was most successfully isolated from placing an infected A. tricolor root on potato dextrose agar when incubated at around 26 degrees Celsius for four days in the dark. These efforts help inform future trials to study the long-term storage of G. ultimum and to explore the efficacy of bio fungicide treatments, such as Orca (rights reserved) Liquid Mycorrhizae, to prevent root rot infections in hydroponic microgreens.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Prospects for detecting the 21cm forest from the diffuse intergalactic medium with LOFAR
Creators: name: Ciardi, B.
name: Labropoulos, P.
name: Maselli, A.
name: Thomas, R.
name: Zaroubi, S.
name: Graziani, L.
name: Bolton, J. S.
name: Bernardi, G.
name: Brentjens, M.
name: de Bruyn, A. G.
name: Daiboo, S.
name: Harker, G. J. A.
name: Jelic, V.
name: Kazemi, S.
name: Koopmans, L. V. E.
name: Martinez, O.
name: Mellema, G.
name: Offringa, A. R.
name: Pandey, V. N.
name: Schaye, J.
name: Veligatla, V.
name: Vedantham, H.
name: Yatawatta, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the feasibility of the detection of the 21cm forest in the diffuse IGM with the radio telescope LOFAR. The optical depth to the 21cm line has been derived using simulations of reionization which include detailed radiative transfer of ionizing photons. We find that the spectra from reionization models with similar total comoving hydrogen ionizing emissivity but different frequency distribution look remarkably similar. Thus, unless the reionization histories are very different from each other (e.g. a predominance of UV vs. x-ray heating) we do not expect to distinguish them by means of observations of the 21cm forest. Because the presence of a strong x-ray background would make the detection of 21cm line absorption impossible, the lack of absorption could be used as a probe of the presence/intensity of the x-ray background and the thermal history of the universe. Along a random line of sight LOFAR could detect a global suppression of the spectrum from z>12, when the IGM is still mostly neutral and cold, in contrast with the more well-defined, albeit broad, absorption features visible at lower redshift. Sharp, strong absorption features associated with rare, high density pockets of gas could be detected also at z~7 along preferential lines of sight.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures. MNRAS, in press
Quantum Metrology Assisted with Abstention
Creators: name: Gendra, B.
name: Ronco-Bonvehi, E.
name: Calsamiglia, J.
name: Munoz-Tapia, R.
name: Bagan, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main goal of quantum metrology is to obtain accurate values of physical parameters using quantum probes. In this context, we show that abstention, i.e., the possibility of getting an inconclusive answer at readout, can drastically improve the measurement precision. We focus on phase estimation and quantify the required amount of abstention for a given precision. We also develop analytical tools to obtain the asymptotic behavior of the precision and required rate of abstention for arbitrary pure qubit states.
description: Some typos corrected
Flows in Graphs and Homology of Free Categories
Creators: name: Husainov, A. A.
name: Calisici, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18G20

description: We introduce the notion of a generalized flow on a graph with coefficients in a R-representation and show that the module of flows is isomorphic to the first derived functor of the colimit. We generalize Kirchhoff's laws and build an exact sequence for calculating the module of flows on the union of graphs.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX2e
NMSSM+
Creators: name: Hall, Jonathan P.
name: King, Stephen F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that the scale invariant NMSSM has lower fine-tuning than the MSSM, but suffers from the domain wall problem. We propose a new improved scale invariant version of the NMSSM, called the NMSSM+, which introduces extra matter in order to reduce even more the fine-tuning of the NMSSM. The NMSSM+ also provides a resolution of the domain wall problem of the NMSSM due to a discrete R-symmetry, which also stabilises the proton. The extra matter descends from an E6 gauge group and fills out three complete 27-dimensional representations at the TeV scale, as in the E6SSM. However the U(1)_N gauge group of the E6SSM is broken at a high energy scale leading to reduced fine-tuning. The extra matter of the NMSSM+ includes charge 1/3 colour triplet D-fermions which may be naturally heavier than the weak scale because they receive their mass from singlet field vacuum expectation values other than the one responsible for the weak scale effective μ parameter.
description: 25 pages, minor changes, references added
C.-E. Bärsch, Die politische Religion des Nationalsozialismus. Die religiöse Dimension der NS-Ideologie in den Schriften von Dietrich Eckart, Joseph Goebbels, Alfred Rosenberg und Adolf Hitler, 1998
Creators: name: Dupeux, Louis
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 27 Nr. 3 (2000)
Evaluation of Optimal Wire Electrical Discharge Machining Parametric Scenarios of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy Based on AHP-Taguchi Analyses-Genetic Algorithms
Creators: name: Meshach Chukwuebuka Ikedue
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering Mahasasakham University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Optimisation
electrical discharge machining
prioritization
global optimisation

description: Engineering Access, 9, 2, 114-125
The Construction of Manhood in a Colonial Academic Context
Creators: name: Lefrançois, Frédéric
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Diaspora
Caribbean
Transamerica
Migration
Culture
Arts
Africa
Literature
Colonial Studies
Manhood
Gender

description: The aim of this paper is to shed light on the notion of masculinity in the light of the West Indian sociotext developed in three emblematic novels of the late colonial period in the Caribbean. More specifically, the aim is to study how gender relations
 relations have been constructed according to the heteronormative and ethnocentric representations that dominated the social space shaped by the educational first half of the twentieth century. This is the core issue guiding our research, which is our research, which is necessarily comparative, as we aim to highlight how this masculinity is constructed in young schoolchildren subjected to a discursive regime symbolic violence. To give a brief overview, we'll take the liberty of briefly touch on some of the aspects addressed by the three authors whose works our corpus.
Incorporating COVID-19 Ion Channel Adaptations to Understand Immune Response
Creators: name: Vaibhav
name: Saleet
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2022

description: One major symptom found in COVID-19 patients is the low levels of differentiated T-cells found especially in hospitalized patients. Furthermore, these patients suffer from T-cell exhaustion. NFkB plays a large role in the differentiation and survival of T-cells so this research analyzes how the SARS-CoV-2 virus could impact NFkB activation. Viroporins are incredibly important to viruses because of their ability to insert ion channels into the cell. As overactivation of the IKK complex leads to T-cell failure, this research focuses on the viroporins that activate PKCtheta to understand if the addition of the viroporin ion channel changes the activation of NFkB. This research adapts an existing computational model that models transcription factors including NFkB. To do this, the model was changed to add a calcium, potassium, and sodium ion channel and analyzed the immune response separately. This research found that the virus can add a sodium channel which can effectively slow down the activation of NFkB leading to a smaller immune response. This serves a potential mechanism for the survival of the SARS-CoV-2 virus longer in a host cell.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 4 (2022)
Adaptive Fractal-like Network Structure for Efficient Search of Inhomogeneously Distributed Targets at Unknown Positions
Creators: name: Hayashi, Yukio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Since a spatial distribution of communication requests is inhomogeneous and related to a population, in constructing a network, it is crucial for delivering packets on short paths through the links between proximity nodes and for distributing the load of nodes how to locate the nodes as base-stations on a realistic wireless environment. In this paper, from viewpoints of complex network science and biological foraging, we propose a scalably self-organized geographical network, in which the proper positions of nodes and the network topology are simultaneously determined according to the population, by iterative divisions of rectangles for load balancing of nodes in the adaptive change of their territories. In particular, we consider a decentralized routing by using only local information,and show that, for searching targets around high population areas, the routing on the naturally embedded fractal-like structure by population has higher efficiency than the conventionally optimal strategy on a square lattice.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures