cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
"Butterfly Effect" in Shear-Banding Mediated Plasticity of Metallic Glasses
Creators: name: Sun, Baoan
name: Yu, Liping
name: Wang, Gang
name: Tong, Xing
name: Geng, Chuan
name: Wang, Jingtao
name: Ren, Jingli
name: Wang, Weihua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metallic glasses response to the mechanical stress in a complex and inhomogeneous manner with plastic strain highly localized into nanoscale shear bands. Contrary to the well-defined deformation mechanism in crystalline solids, understanding the mechanical response mechanism and its intrinsic correlation with the macroscopical plasticity in metallic glasses remains long-standing issues. Through a combination of experimental and theoretical analysis, we showed that the shear banding process in metallic glasses exhibits complex chaotic dynamics, which manifests as the existence of a torus destroyed phase diagram, a positive Lyapunov exponent and a fractional Lyapunov dimension. We also demonstrated that the experimentally observed large plasticity fluctuation of metallic glasses tested at the same conditions can be interpreted from the chaotic shear-band dynamics, which could leads to an uncertainty on the appearance of the critical condition for runaway shear banding. Physically, the chaotic shear-band dynamics arises from the interplay between structural disordering and temperature rise within the shear band. By tuning the deformation parameters, the chaotic dynamics can be transformed to a periodic orbit state corresponding to a smaller plasticity fluctuation in metallic glasses. Our results suggest that the plastic flow of metallic glasses is a complex dynamic process, which is highly sensitive to initial conditions and reminiscent of the "butterfly effect" as observed in many complex dynamic systems.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Material Degradation Modeling and Failure Prediction Using Microstructure Images
Creators: name: Si, Wujun
name: Yang, Qingyu
name: Wu, Xin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Degradation data, frequently along with low-dimensional covariate information such as scalar-type covariates, are widely used for asset reliability analysis. Recently, many high-dimensional covariates such as functional and image covariates have emerged with advances in sensor technology, containing richer information that can be used for degradation assessment. In this article, motivated by a physical effect that microstructures of dual-phase advanced high strength steel strongly influence steel degradation, we propose a two-stage material degradation model using the material microstructure image as a covariate. In Stage 1, we show that the microstructure image covariate can be reduced to a functional covariate while statistical properties of the image are preserved up to the second order. In Stage 2, a novel functional covariate degradation model is proposed, based on which the time-to-failure distribution in terms of degradation level passages is derived. A penalized least squares estimation method is developed to obtain the closed-form point estimator of model parameters. Analytical inferences on interval estimation of the model parameters, the mean degradation levels, and the distribution of the time-to-failure are also developed. Simulation studies are implemented to validate the developed methods. Physical experiments on dual-phase advanced high strength steel are designed and conducted to demonstrate the proposed model. The results show that a significant improvement is achieved for material failure prediction by utilizing material microstructure images compared with multiple benchmark models.
A demonstration of scheme independence in scalar ERGs
Creators: name: Arnone, Stefano
name: Gatti, Antonio
name: Morris, Tim R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard demand for the quantum partition function to be invariant under the renormalization group transformation results in a general class of exact renormalization group equations, different in the form of the kernel. Physical quantities should not be sensitive to the particular choice of the kernel. Such scheme independence is elegantly illustrated in the scalar case by showing that, even with a general kernel, the one-loop beta function may be expressed only in terms of the effective action vertices, and in this way the universal result is recovered.
description: 6 pages, no figures, talk presented at the fifth international Conference "RG 2002", Strba, Slovakia
Parental quality of life and self-efficacy in pediatric asthma
Creators: name: Kan, Kristin
name: Fierstein, Jamie
name: Boon, Kathy
name: Kanaley, Madeleine
name: Zavos, Patricia
name: Volerman, Anna
name: Vojta, Deneen
name: Gupta, Ruchi S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Objective: Self-efficacy is the personal belief that a behavior can produce a desired result; and in asthma, self-efficacy in asthma care has been related to improvements in asthma outcomes and children’s quality of life. To appreciate the full burden of asthma on families, the relationship between parental self-efficacy and quality of life also needs further study. We aim to characterize this relationship. Methods: Secondary analysis of measurements of parents of children with persistent asthma (n = 252; ages 4-17 years) from a large urban area were identified from a randomized trial; the association between baseline assessments of parental quality of life, measured by the Pediatric Asthma Caregiver’s Quality of Life Questionnaire (PACQLQ), and parental self-efficacy, measured through the Parental Asthma Management Self-Efficacy Scale (PAMSES), were examined through multivariable linear regression. Results: Parental self-efficacy in asthma was positively associated with quality of life among parents of racially and ethnically diverse children (p = 0.01). Confidence in using medications correctly (p = 0.03), having inhalers during a child’s serious breathing problem (p = 0.02), and knowing which medications to use during a child’s serious breathing problem (p = 0.04) were associated with a clinically meaningful difference in parental quality of life. Other significant factors associated with parental quality of life included Hispanic/Latino ethnicity (p p Conclusion: The findings suggest that improving parental confidence on when and how to use their child’s asthma medications, particularly during an asthma attack, might be clinically meaningful in enhancing parent’s quality of life.
Additional file 4: of Prospective multicenter randomized patient recruitment and sample collection to enable future measurements of sputum biomarkers of inflammation in an observational study of cystic fibrosis
Creators: name: Liou, Theodore
name: Adler, Frederick
name: Argel, Natalia
name: Asfour, Fadi
name: Brown, Perry
name: Chatfield, Barbara
name: Daines, Cori
name: Durham, Dixie
name: Francis, Jessica
name: Glover, Barbara
name: Heynekamp, Theresa
name: Hoidal, John
name: Jensen, Judy
name: Keogh, Ruth
name: Kopecky, Carol
name: Lechtzin, Noah
name: Li, Yanping
name: Lysinger, Jerimiah
name: Molina, Osmara
name: Nakamura, Craig
name: Packer, Kristyn
name: Poch, Katie
name: Quittner, Alexandra
name: Radford, Peggy
name: Redway, Abby
name: Sagel, Scott
name: Sprandel, Shawna
name: Taylor-Cousar, Jennifer
name: Vroom, Jane
name: Yoshikawa, Ryan
name: Clancy, John
name: Elborn, J.
name: Olivier, Kenneth
name: Cox, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Transcript of Video: Principles of Study Design: A Conversation Between David Cox and Ruth Keogh. (PDF 124 kb)
Comparison of high versus low frequency cerebral physiology for cerebrovascular reactivity assessment in traumatic brain injury: a multi-center pilot study
Creators: name: Thelin, Eric P.
name: Raj, Rahul
name: Bellander, Bo-Michael
name: Nelson, David
name: Piippo-Karjalainen, Anna
name: Siironen, Jari
name: Tanskanen, Päivi
name: Hawryluk, Gregory
name: Hasen, Mohammed
name: Unger, Bertram
name: Zeiler, Frederick A.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Original Research
Autoregulation
Cerebrovascular reactivity
Low-frequency
TBI

description: Abstract: Current accepted cerebrovascular reactivity indices suffer from the need of high frequency data capture and export for post-acquisition processing. The role for minute-by-minute data in cerebrovascular reactivity monitoring remains uncertain. The goal was to explore the statistical time-series relationships between intra-cranial pressure (ICP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pressure reactivity index (PRx) using both 10-s and minute data update frequency in TBI. Prospective data from 31 patients from 3 centers with moderate/severe TBI and high-frequency archived physiology were reviewed. Both 10-s by 10-s and minute-by-minute mean values were derived for ICP and MAP for each patient. Similarly, PRx was derived using 30 consecutive 10-s data points, updated every minute. While long-PRx (L-PRx) was derived via similar methodology using minute-by-minute data, with L-PRx derived using various window lengths (5, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 60 min; denoted L-PRx_5, etc.). Time-series autoregressive integrative moving average (ARIMA) and vector autoregressive integrative moving average (VARIMA) models were created to analyze the relationship of these parameters over time. ARIMA modelling, Granger causality testing and VARIMA impulse response function (IRF) plotting demonstrated that similar information is carried in minute mean ICP and MAP data, compared to 10-s mean slow-wave ICP and MAP data. Shorter window L-PRx variants, such as L-PRx_5, appear to have a similar ARIMA structure, have a linear association with PRx and display moderate-to-strong correlations (r ~ 0.700, p < 0.0001 for each patient). Thus, these particular L-PRx variants appear closest in nature to standard PRx. ICP and MAP derived via 10-s or minute based averaging display similar statistical time-series structure and co-variance patterns. PRx and L-PRx based on shorter windows also behave similarly over time. These results imply certain L-PRx variants may carry similar information to PRx in TBI.
Meteorus heliophilus Fischer 1970
Creators: name: Stigenberg, Julia
name: Ronquist, Fredrik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Meteorus
Meteorus heliophilus

description: Meteorus heliophilus Fischer, 1970
Fig. 115
 Meteorus heliophilus Fischer, 1970b:284. Holotype ♀, Austria: Burgenland, Reichnitz, 2.viii.1958 (Fischer) (NM, Vienna).
 Diagnosis: Similar to M. rubens but M. heliophilus has a larger marginal cell and longer antennae with 30–32 antennal articles (24–28 in M. rubens).
 Studied material: ~ 10 specimens.
 Description: Size about 4 mm. Antennae long with 30–32 articles. All articles much longer than broad. Head strongly contracted behind eyes. Eye in dorsal view 2.5–3.0 times as long as temple. Ocelli large OOL=1.0–1.5. Eyes large, not strongly convergent but protuberant. Malar space short, less than half the basal breadth of mandible. Face about as high as broad, not strongly protuberant, slightly raised medially where it is transversely rugose, laterally punctuate. Clypeus protuberant but not strongly, smooth with scattered coarse punctures. Tentorial pits small, indistinct. Mandibles strongly twisted, the upper tooth not long. Pronotum laterally smooth with a little fine rugose sculpture medially. Mesonotum punctate, sometimes the central lobe reticulate-punctate, at least in part; notaulices weakly impressed. Precoxal sulcus weakly rugose, sometimes obsolescent posteriorly. Propodeum shining with weak carinae and weak, largely obsolescent rugae dorsally. Petiolar tergum long, slender, ventral borders meeting beneath at the mid-part of the segment, not joined at the base of the segment; dorsal surface weakly longitudinally striate; no glymmae or dorsal pits. Ovipositor about twice the length of petiolar tergum, thick, strongly expanded at the base and the apical sixth much narrowed. Legs long, slender; hind coxa mainly smooth but sometimes with a trace of rugosity dorsally. Colour testaceous, the legs generally a paler shade of yellow. Male same as female except antennae 31–33 articles.
 Distribution: Palearctic. Country records: Austria; Belgium; Bulgaria; China; Czechoslovakia; Denmark; Finland; France; Germany; Hungary; Italy; Japan; Latvia; Moldova; Mongolia; Poland; Slovakia; Sweden; Switzerland; United Kingdom.
 Biology: M. heliophilus is a gregarious parasitoid (Tobias 1976, Huddleston 1980). Hosts: Polia nebulosa (Hufnagel), Litophane ornitopus (Hufnagel), Noctua fimbriata (Schreber), Xestia triangulum (Hufnagel), Orthosia stabilis (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) (Huddleston 1980).
description: Published as part of Stigenberg, Julia & Ronquist, Fredrik, 2011, Revision of the Western Palearctic Meteorini (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), with a molecular characterization of hidden Fennoscandian species diversity 3084, pp. 1-95 in Zootaxa 3084 (1) on page 55, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3084.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5244448
A Quantitive Evaluation of the Potential Effects of Trade Policy Reversal in Sri Lanka: A Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) Analysis
Creators: name: Liyanaarachchi, Tilak Susantha
name: Bandara, Layatilleke S.
name: Naranpanawa, Athula
name: Liyanaarachchi, Tilak Susantha
name: Bandara, Layatilleke S.
name: Naranpanawa, Athula
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Public Economics

description: In recent years there has been a trend in rising protectionism and a reversal of trade policy reforms in some developed and developing countries, particularly after the global financial crisis. Although some researchers and practitioners have discussed recent trends in trade policy reversal in both developed and developing countries in recent years, no serious attempts have been made to examine the effects of trade policy reversal in a developing country within an economy-wide framework. The current paper attempts to fill this research gap by answering the question: Can developing countries benefit from trade policy reversals? The study focuses particularly on the case of Sri Lanka. To address this central research aim the paper first reviews recent trends in import duty and para-tariffs in Sri Lanka, particularly after the global financial crisis. An economy-wide computable general equilibrium (CGE) model was then used to evaluate the effects of trade policy reversal on the Sri Lankan economy. The results of the Sri Lankan case study presented suggest that developing countries will not benefit from trade policy reversal at either the macro level or industry level.
Spatial and temporal hydrochemistry variations of karst water in Gunung Sewu, Java, Indonesia
Creators: name: Universitas Gadjah Mada
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: A hydrogeochemical study was conducted in the Gunung Sewu Karst, Java Island, Indonesia. The main objective of this study is to describe the spatial and temporal variations of hydrochemistry that occur in the central
and western parts of Gunung Sewu. Discharge measurements for a one-year period are taken in some karst springs or underground rivers to define their discharge hydrograph. Furthermore, baseflow separation analysis was conducted to determine the base flow percentage throughout the year. Water sampling for hydrogeochemical analysis was taken every month to represent the dry and rainy season conditions. To describe the hydrogeochemical processes, a scatter plot analysis with a small sample size was conducted. The results showed that the hydrochemistry of karst water in the study area has different characteristics spatially and temporally. Within the dry season, the dominant hydrogeochemical process is water–rock interaction (precipitation of calcite mineral), indicated by achieving the maximum level of Ca2?, HCO3 , electrical conductivity, base flow percentage, and SI calcite, with the lowest level of log PCO2 in the water. In addition, the dry season hydrochemistry is characterized by a strong relationship between electrical conductivity–calcium/bicarbonate, base flow percentage-discharge, base flow percentage-SI calcite, and SI calcite-log PCO2 . Spatially, the different level of correlations between these parameters depended on the sampling location, flow recharge, and the conduit development. Conversely, in the rainy season, the hydrogeochemical process shifted from water–rock interaction to dilution of rainwater as a result of rain water supply through a conduit system channel, which is characterized by declining Ca2?, HCO3 -, electrical conductivity, base flow percentage, and SI calcite, with the highest level of log PCO2 in the water. The dilution of rainwater process also caused a decline in the correlation of some hydrogeochemical parameters.
Microstructural evolution of silicate immiscible liquids in ferrobasalts
Creators: name: Honour, Victoria C.
name: Holness, Marian B.
name: Partridge, Jamie L.
name: Charlier, Bernard
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Original Paper
Immiscibility
Nucleation kinetics
Droplet size distributions
Wetting angle
Ferrobasalt
Binodal

description: Abstract: An experimental study of the microstructural evolution of an immiscible basaltic emulsion shows that the Fe-rich liquid forms homogeneously nucleated droplets dispersed in a continuous Si-rich liquid, together with droplets heterogeneously nucleated on plagioclase, magnetite, and pyroxene. Heterogeneous nucleation is likely promoted by localised compositional heterogeneities around growing crystals. The wetting angle of Fe-rich droplets on both plagioclase and magnetite increases with decreasing temperature. Droplet coarsening occurs by a combination of diffusion-controlled growth and Ostwald ripening, with an insignificant contribution from coalescence. Characteristic microstructures resulting from the interaction of immiscible Fe-rich liquid with crystal grains during crystal growth can potentially be used as an indicator of liquid unmixing in fully crystallised natural samples. In magma bodies < ~ 10 m in size, gravitationally driven segregation of immiscible Fe-rich droplets is unlikely to be significant.
Agricultural Growth and Regional Disparity in India: A Convergence Analysis
Creators: name: Banerjee, Arpita
name: Kuri, Pravat Kumar
name: Banerjee, Arpita
name: Kuri, Pravat Kumar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural Finance

description: The deceleration in growth trends in agricultural output and yield rate is a matter of great concern in recent years in India. This study makes an attempt to examine the growth performances of agricultural production and productivity of major States of India and the nature and extent of disparity in the performances of agriculture. The growth performances have been analyzed considering three distinct phases of agricultural development in India viz the first phase of green revolution 1970-71 to 1979-80, second phase of green revolution 1980-81 to 1990-91, and the period after economic reform 1991-92 to 2007-08). The agricultural infrastructural index, constructed using Principle Component Analysis, reveals the prevalence of a wide inter-state variation in agricultural infrastructure in India. Moreover, using Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) under the panel data framework, the study attempts to examine the trends of convergence/divergence of per capita value of agricultural output over the period 1970-71 to 2007-08. The results of conditional convergence establish the argument that variations in the provision of agricultural infrastructure and natural factor like rainfall play the divergent role in accruing benefits from agriculture in India. The skewed distribution of public and private investment in favour of agriculturally developed states has been found to be responsible for enhancing the disparity in agricultural infrastructure and thus, to the per capita net state domestic product across states in India.
Environmental Consequence of Trade Openness for Environmental Goods
Creators: name: De Alwis, J.M.D.D.J.
name: De Alwis, J.M.D.D.J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: With the increasing concerns on detrimental environmental effects of world trade, WTO member countries in 2001 called for reduction or elimination of tariffs and non-tariffs barriers on Environmental Goods and Services (EGS) claiming that would improve environmental protection and economic development simultaneously. The study investigated the impact of opening trade of EGS on environmental quality estimating pollution functions of Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) and Carbon Dioxides (CO2) using cross country data for 62 countries. Estimated SO2 pollution function revealed that elimination of tariff on EGS trade result in falling SO2 emissions in comparison to increasing SO2 pollution as a result eliminating tariff on non EGS trade. Findings formally support for the liberalization of EGS. Falling of SO2 pollution due to elimination of tariff on EGS is due to differences in countries’ capital-labour endowments. The findings suggests that falling pollution due to EGS trade liberalization has no relationship with the income level of the countries, but favour capital abundant countries in reducing the pollution emissions.
Aqueous Pyrostegia venusta (Ker Gawl.) Miers extract attenuates allergen-induced asthma in a mouse model via an antioxidant mechanism
Creators: name: Andiamira Cagnoni Balestra
name: Sandy, Camila Mira
name: Ramalho, Fernando
name: Júnior, Alceu Afonso Jordão
name: Contini, Silvia Helena Taleb
name: Crevelin, Eduardo José
name: Carmona, Fabio
name: Pereira, Ana Maria S.
name: Borges, Marcos C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Objective:Pyrostegia venusta (Ker-Gawl.) Miers (Bignoniaceae) is a perennial invasive vine, distributed worldwide. In folk medicine, its parts are used for the treatment of inflammatory respiratory diseases. Extracts of P. venusta have antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antinociceptive properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two extracts (aqueous and hydroethanolic) of P. venusta in the treatment of asthma in an animal model. Methods: Balb/c mice were sensitized twice with ovalbumin (OVA) intraperitoneally (ip), one week apart, and after one week, challenged with OVA intranasally on four alternate days. Mice were treated ip with 300 mg/kg of aqueous or hydroethanolic extracts for seven consecutive days. Control groups received saline on the same days. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness, production of Th1 and Th2 cytokines, lung and airway inflammation, and antioxidant activity in lung tissue were assessed. Results: Treatment with aqueous extract significantly decreased bronchial hyperresponsiveness, measured by total and tissue resistance and elastance. The administration of hydroethanolic extract did not reduce bronchial hyperresponsiveness. In addition, both extracts significantly reduced total cell and eosinophil counts in bronchoalveolar lavage. Both extracts did not change significantly IL-4, IL-5, IL-9, IL-13, IFN-gamma, and TGF-beta levels. Of note, only the aqueous extract significantly increased the total antioxidant activity and reduced lung inflammation. Conclusion: Aqueous extract of P. venusta reduced bronchial hyperresponsiveness, lung and airway inflammation, probably via an antioxidant mechanism. These results demonstrate that P. venusta may have potential for asthma treatment.
Art (Pre)History: Ritual, Narrative and Visual Culture in Neolithic and Bronze Age Europe
Creators: name: Robb, John
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
Neolithic
Bronze Age
Iron Age
Europe
Prehistoric art
Rock art
Cave painting
Megalithic art
Visual culture
Narrative

description: Abstract: Can we reconstruct how prehistoric people perceived things (their “ways of seeing” or visual culture)? This challenge is made more difficult by the traditional disciplinary assumptions built into prehistoric art studies, for instance focusing narrowly upon a single body of art in isolation. This paper proposes an alternative approach, using comparative study to reveal broad regional changes in visual culture. Although prehistoric art specialists rarely work comparatively, art historians are familiar with describing continent-wide general developments in visual culture and placing them in social context (for instance, the traditional broad-brush history from Classical to medieval to Renaissance systems of representation). This paper does the same for Neolithic (6000–2500 BC) vs. Bronze Age (2500–800 BC) and Iron Age (800 BC–Classical) rock and cave art from sites across Europe, uncovering broad patterns of change. The principal pattern is a shift from a Neolithic iconic art which uses heavily encoded imagery, often schematic geometric motifs, to a Bronze/Iron Age narrative art, which increasingly involves imagery of identifiable people, animals and objects. Moreover, there is also an increasing tendency for motifs to be associated in scenes rather than purely accumulative, and with contextual changes in how art is used—a movement from hidden places to more open or accessible places. Underlying all these changes is a shift in how rock and cave art was used, from citations reproducing ritual knowledge to composed arrays telling narratives of personhood.
Rural Crime in Developing Countries: Theoretical Framework, Empirical Findings, Research Needs
Creators: name: Grote, Ulrike
name: Neubacher, Frank
name: Grote, Ulrike
name: Neubacher, Frank
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Rural crime
subject: developing countries
subject: victimization
subject: routine activity approach
subject: sustainable development

description: Anecdotal evidence and selected information from the International Crime Victims Survey suggest that crime is higher in developing countries than in developed countries and that there are regionally big differences. Explanations and solutions to the persistence and prevalence of rural crime in many developing countries are needed as rural crime undermines sustainable development to a large extent and may even affect social cohesiveness in rural communities. This discussion paper therefore calls for research which helps to shed light on this phenomenon in support of improved policies. For this, representative and good-quality data is needed. It is suggested to disentangle the complex research topic and allow for a more systematic approach by focusing on a certain type of crime. Research on most of these types is very selective and scarce. As mentioned, data is almost nonexistent and evidence on individual types is largely missing. The routine activity approach is suggested as a conceptual framework for further analysis. The paper concludes that research and policy design should focus on how to reduce opportunities to commit a crime in rural areas in developing countries in order to reduce environmental and social costs of crime, promote sustainable development and improve rural livelihoods of the often deprived and poor in rural areas in developing countries.
Reconfigurable Atomic Transaction Commit (Extended Version)
Creators: name: Bravo, Manuel
name: Gotsman, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern data stores achieve scalability by partitioning data into shards and fault-tolerance by replicating each shard across several servers. A key component of such systems is a Transaction Certification Service (TCS), which atomically commits a transaction spanning multiple shards. Existing TCS protocols require 2f+1 crash-stop replicas per shard to tolerate f failures. In this paper we present atomic commit protocols that require only f+1 replicas and reconfigure the system upon failures using an external reconfiguration service. We furthermore rigorously prove that these protocols correctly implement a recently proposed TCS specification. We present protocols in two different models--the standard asynchronous message-passing model and a model with Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA), which allows a machine to access the memory of another machine over the network without involving the latter's CPU. Our protocols are inspired by a recent FARM system for RDMA-based transaction processing. Our work codifies the core ideas of FARM as distributed TCS protocols, rigorously proves them correct and highlights the trade-offs required by the use of RDMA.
description: Extended version of the PODC' 19 paper: Reconfigurable Atomic Transaction Commit
Is the Sullivan Process Compatible with QCD Chiral Dynamics?
Creators: name: Chen, Jiunn-Wei
name: Ji, Xiangdong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the leading non-analytic quark-mass dependence in the moments of isovector quark distributions using heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory. The results differ from those obtained from the Sullivan process in which hard scattering occurs through the virtual pion cloud of the nucleon. Our results provide useful guidance for improving upon the meson-cloud model and can be used to constrain the extrapolations of the existing lattice QCD results to the physical quark masses.
description: 2 pages, two figures included
Magnetoelectrically driven catalytic degradation of organics
Creators: name: Mushtaq, Fajer
name: Chen, Xiang-Zhong
name: Torlakcik, Harun
name: Steuer, Christian
name: Hoop, Marcus
name: Siringil, Erdem Can
name: Marti, Xavi
name: Limburg, Gregory
name: Stipp, Patrick
name: Nelson, Bradley J.
name: Pané, Salvador
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here, we report the catalytic degradation of organic compounds by exploiting the magnetoelectric (ME) nature of cobalt ferrite-bismuth ferrite (CFO-BFO) core-shell nanoparticles. The combination of magnetostrictive CFO with the multiferroic BFO gives rise to a magnetoelectric engine that purifies water under wireless magnetic fields via advanced oxidation processes, without involvement of any sacrificial molecules or co-catalysts. Magnetostrictive CoFe2O4 nanoparticles are fabricated using hydrothermal synthesis, followed by sol-gel synthesis to create the multiferroic BiFeO3 shell. We perform theoretical modeling to study the magnetic field induced polarization on the surface of magnetoelectric nanoparticles. The results obtained from these simulations are consistent with the experimental findings of the piezo-force microscopy analysis, where we observe changes in the piezoresponse of the nanoparticles under magnetic fields. Next, we investigate the magnetoelectric effect induced catalytic degradation of organic pollutants under AC magnetic fields and obtained 97% removal efficiency for synthetic dyes and over 85% removal efficiency for routinely used pharmaceuticals. Additionally, we perform trapping experiments to elucidate the mechanism behind the magnetic field induced catalytic degradation of organic pollutants by using scavengers for each of the reactive species. Our results indicate that hydroxyl and superoxide radicals are the main reactive species in the magnetoelectrically induced catalytic degradation of organic compounds.
Meteorus hirsutipes Huddleston 1980
Creators: name: Stigenberg, Julia
name: Ronquist, Fredrik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Meteorus
Meteorus hirsutipes

description: Meteorus hirsutipes Huddleston
Fig. 21, 67, 99
 Meteorus hirsutipes Huddleston, 1980:34. Holotype ♀ Finland: Valamo, Ladoga, NE. of monastery Hainwald 24.viii.1935 (Kerrich) (BMNH, London) examined.
Paratypes. Germany: 1 ♀ Bavaria, Schliersee, 28.vii.1958 (Townes) (CNC, Ottawa). Ireland: 1 ♀, Co. Wicklow, Deputy’s Pass, 7.viii.1932 (Stelfox) (USNM, Washington).
 Diagnosis: Meteorus hirsutipes is an easily diagnosed species. It is a rather large species with an unusually wide face. The colour is black except for the prothorax and legs, which are testaceous. Above all, however, the species is characterized by the very long, sickle-shaped claws.
 Studied material: ~ 20 specimens.
 Description: Size about 4.5–6mm. Antennal articles 28–30, thin. Head strongly narrowed behind eyes, occiput concave. Ocelli small, OOL=3. Eyes protuberant, slightly convergent. Face about twice as broad as high, not strongly protuberant. Clypeus not strongly protuberant, as broad as face. Mandible very large, stout and not twisted. Precoxal sulcus deep, foveolate. Propodeum with strong longitudinal and transverse carinae. Petiolar tergum with longitudinal striae, joining to form a transverse rugose area; medial part of petiolar tergum anteriorly reticulate- rugose. Ovipositor 2.5 times length of petiolar tergum, straight. Hind coxa punctate or reticulate-punctate; tarsi with long setae, the longest of which at the apices of the tarsal segment are at least twice the maximum breadth of the segment. Tarsal claws simple, very long, sickle-shaped. Colour black, prothorax and legs testaceous.
 Distribution: Western and Eastern Pelearctic. Country records: China; Croatia; Finland; Germany; Ireland; Japan; Norway; Switzerland; Sweden; United Kingdom.
 Biology: We found 5 specimens within the SMTP and they were all caught in August in a mixed forest.
description: Published as part of Stigenberg, Julia & Ronquist, Fredrik, 2011, Revision of the Western Palearctic Meteorini (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), with a molecular characterization of hidden Fennoscandian species diversity 3084, pp. 1-95 in Zootaxa 3084 (1) on pages 55-56, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3084.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5244448
Evaluation of a Spanish language version of the Asthma Trigger Inventory
Creators: name: Torres-Zevallos, Hernando
name: Guerreros, Alfredo G.
name: Bazo-Alvarez, Juan C.
name: Alvarado, German F.
name: Karinna Vazquez
name: Feldman, Jonathan M.
name: Ritz, Thomas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Background: Perceptions of asthma triggers provide important guidance for patients’ disease management. A psychometrically valid instrument, the Asthma Trigger Inventory (ATI), is available in English and German language versions, however, a version in Spanish as major world language has been missing. Method: A Spanish-language version of the ATI was evaluated in 339 adult patients with asthma, 223 of these in Peru and 107 in the USA. Principal Component analysis (PCA) with Varimax rotation was used to identify coherent trigger domains across and within samples. Resulting subscales were evaluated for internal consistency. Results: PCA suggested differences in factor structures between sites. Whereas the USA sample largely replicated original factors for animal allergens, pollen allergens, physical activity, air pollution/irritants, infections, and psychology, the initial analysis of the Peru sample suggested substantial overlap of air pollution/irritant, infection, and allergen items. Subsequent analysis of an expanded research form of the ATI for the Peru site culminated in extraction of five factors related to psychology, climate/temperature, combined pollen and animal allergens, physical activity, and infection. Internal consistencies were in an acceptable to excellent range (α = 0.74 to 0.94). Additional free trigger responses confirmed the importance of climate variables for patients in Peru. Psychological triggers were reported by 26% (Peru) and 31% (USA) of patients. Conclusion: Coherent trigger domains are readily identified and measured reliably by a Spanish-language ATI version. However, factor structures vary between samples from different Hispanic/Latino cultural and geographic domains. Culturally adapted versions of this instrument are therefore required for Hispanic/Latino population studies.
Additional file 1: of Meprin β metalloproteases associated with differential metabolite profiles in the plasma and urine of mice with type 1 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy
Creators: name: Gooding, Jessica
name: Cao, Lei
name: Whitaker, Courtney
name: Mwiza, Jean-Marie
name: Fernander, Mizpha
name: Ahmed, Faihaa
name: Acuff, Zach
name: McRitchie, Susan
name: Sumner, Susan
name: Ongeri, Elimelda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Table S1. Differentiating metabolites in plasma at 4 weeks post-STZ for analysis in the positive mode. Table S2. Differentiating metabolites in plasma at 4 weeks post-STZ in the negative mode Table S3. Differentiating metabolites in plasma at 8 weeks post-STZ in the positive mode Table S4. Differentiating metabolites in plasma at 8 weeks post-STZ in the negative mode Table S5. Differentiating metabolites in urine 4 week in positive mode Table S6. Differentiating metabolites in urine at 4 weeks post-STZ in the negative mode Table S7. Differentiating metabolites in urine at 8 weeks post-STZ for analysis in the positive mode Table S8. Differentiating metabolites in urine at 8 week post-STZ for analysis in negative mode. (DOCX 113 kb)
PSTGF : time-independent R-Matrix atomic electron-impact code
Creators: name: Fernández-Menchero, L.
name: Conroy, A. C.
name: Ballance, C. P.
name: Badnell, N. R.
name: Mitnik, D. M.
name: Gorczyca, T. W.
name: Seaton, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: STGF is a community code employed for outer-region R-matrix calculations, describing electron-impact collisional processes. It is widely recognised that the original version of STGF was written by M. J. Seaton in 1983, but through constant refinement over the next decades by worldwide contributors has evolved into its current form that more reflects modern coding practice and current computer architectures. Despite its current wide acceptance, it was never formally published. Therefore, we present an updated high-performance parallel version of PSTGF, that balances the requirements of small university clusters, yet can exploit the computational power of cutting edge supercomputers. There are many improvements over the original STGF, but most noticeably, the full introduction of MQDT options that provide subsequent integration with ICFT (Intermediate Coupling Frame Transformation) codes, and for either Breit-Pauli / DARC (Dirac Atomic R-matrix Codes), better load balancing, high levels of vectorisation and simplified output. Semantically, the program is full fortran 90 in conjunction with MPI (Message Passing Interface) though has CUDA fortran options for the most numerically intensive code sections.
description: 35 pages, 5 figures, full manual for users
Subtleties in CPT-Transformation for Majorana fermions
Creators: name: Nowakowski, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out the relevance of the so-called Majorana creation phase in the s-channel matrix elements in connection with the CPT-transformation of the latter.
description: 6 pages, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Additional file 1 of Fixed-parameter tractable sampling for RNA design with multiple target structures
Creators: name: Hammer, Stefan
name: Wang, Wei
name: Will, Sebastian
name: Ponty, Yann
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The Supplemental Material contains additional information on methods and parameters; elaboration of theory and proofs; as well as additional and detailed empirical results. (PDF 6642 kb)
Additional file 1: of Bispecific CD3-HAC carried by E1A-engineered mesenchymal stromal cells against metastatic breast cancer by blocking PD-L1 and activating T cells
Creators: name: Yang, Yuanyuan
name: Zhang, Xiaolong
name: Lin, Fangzhen
name: Xiong, Mengshang
name: Fan, Dongmei
name: Yuan, Xiangfei
name: Lu, Yang
name: Song, Yuewen
name: Zhang, Yizi
name: Hao, Mu
name: Ye, Zhou
name: Zhang, Yanjun
name: Wang, Jianxiang
name: Xiong, Dongsheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Hematology
Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. Schematic representation of the therapeutic strategy. Figure S2. Schematic representation of lentiviral expression vector for E1A. Figure S3. Western blot analysis of CD3-HAC. Figure S4. Transduced MDA-MB-231 cells secreted CD3-HAC constantly. Figure S5. The expression of Perforin and Granzyme B of PBMC was measured in co-culture system. Figure S6. The expression of PD-1 on CD8+ cells was measured by flow cytometry after co-incubation with 231.CD3 for 3â days. Figure S7. The inhibitory curve of MDA-MB-231 cells treated with 5-FU. Figure S8. Intratumor injection of adenoviruses against the MDA-MB-231 cells xenograft tumors. Figure S9. Each fluorescence channel in Fig.Â 6a. Figure S10. Immunohistochemical analysis of the lung. Figure S11. Dual viruses infected MCSs causing no detectable side effects in vivo. Table S1. Primary antibodies. Table S2. Secondary antibodies. (DOCX 129760â kb)
Electric microfield distributions in electron-ion plasmas
Creators: name: Potekhin, A. Y.
name: Chabrier, G.
name: Gilles, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low-frequency electric microfield distribution in a Coulomb plasma is calculated for various plasma parameters, from weak to strong Coulomb coupling and from zero to strong electron screening. Two methods of numerical calculations are employed: the adjustable-parameter exponential approximation and the Monte Carlo simulation. The results are represented by analytic fitting formulas suitable for applications.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures, RevTeX4, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E
IMMUNOGENICITY ANALYSIS OF TRITERPENE GLYCOSIDE FROM HOLOTHURIA ATRA TO DETECTING FAS AND BCL-2 PROTEIN ON THE SP-C1 CELL OF TONGUE CARCINOMA
Creators: name: Universitas Gadjah Mada
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 111201 Cancer Cell Biology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The objective of this study is to assess the role of triterpene glycoside of Holothuria atra to induce the Fas and Bcl-2-regulated apoptosis in Supri’s Clone 1 (Sp-C1) cell of tongue carcinoma. The triterpene glycoside of H. atra was isolated by high-performance liquid chromatography. The Sp-C1 cell of tongue carcinoma was cloned by Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium and cytotoxicity assay by 3-4-5-dimethylthiazol-2yl 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Expression Fas and Bcl-2 protein were analysed by immunocytochemistry also apoptosis detected by double staining ethidium bromide acridine. The datum of studied was analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), significance (p<0.05), and strength correlation (p<0.001) with R=1. The H. atra has triterpene glycoside, and in the dose of 4 mg/ml, it has been cytotoxic activities on the Sp-C1 (p<0.05), mortality 80%; inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50)=0.6 and anti-logarithm = 4. In general, the concentration of 2.5 mg/ml of triterpene glycoside has triggered the expression of Fas protein (active, 71%; moderate, 10%; and no-active, 27%), whereas the Bcl-2 protein (active, 59%; moderate, 14%; and no-active 27%). Statistically, both expressions of protein were significant (p<0.05). Triterpene glycoside caused the apoptosis of Sp-C1 cell (strong, 87%, and moderate, 13%). In conclusion,the triterpene glycoside has the properties of cytotoxicity, and apoptosis in the SP-C1 cell also could be triggering the expression of Fas and Bcl-2 proteins.
AGILE study of the gamma-ray emission from the SNR G78.2+2.1 (Gamma Cygni)
Creators: name: Piano, G.
name: Cardillo, M.
name: Pilia, M.
name: Trois, A.
name: Giuliani, A.
name: Bulgarelli, A.
name: Parmiggiani, N.
name: Tavani, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study on the gamma-ray emission detected by the AGILE-GRID from the region of the SNR G78.2+2.1 (Gamma Cygni). In order to investigate the possible presence of gamma rays associated with the SNR below 1 GeV, it is necessary to analyze the gamma-ray radiation underlying the strong emission from the pulsar PSR J2021+4026, which totally dominates the field. An "off-pulse" analysis has been carried out, by considering only the emission related to the pulsar off-pulse phase of the AGILE-GRID light curve. We found that the resulting off-pulsed emission in the region of the SNR - detected by the AGILE-GRID above 400 MeV - partially overlaps the radio shell boundary. By analyzing the averaged emission on the whole angular extent of the SNR, we found that a lepton-dominated double population scenario can account for the radio and gamma-ray emission from the source. In particular, the MeV-GeV averaged emission can be explained mostly by Bremsstrahlung processes in a high density medium, whereas the GeV-TeV radiation by both Bremsstrahlung (E < 250 GeV) and inverse Compton processes (E > 250 GeV) in a lower density medium.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ on May 2, 2019