cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reframing research into 'self-direction' in adult education : A constructivist perspective
Creators: name: Candy, Philip Carne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Research into self-direction has been hampered by the absence of a consistent theoretical framework, and the indiscriminate application of the term 'self-direction' to different phenomena. The purposes of this study were: (a) to critically analyse the use of the term 'self-direction' in adult education and to ascertain whether there are differences among the phenomena subsumed under that label; (b) to critically survey the literature, and synthesise research findings; (c) to compare the significance of 'self-direction' in adult education with other sectors of education; (d) to identify and evaluate assumptions underlying past and present research traditions in 'self-direction'; and (e) to reconceptualise 'self-direction' from a constructivist perspective and to formulate themes for future research. It was shown that 'self-direction' has been used to refer to three different phenomena: (i) as a personal quality or attribute (personal autonomy); (ii) as the independent pursuit of learning outside formal instructional settings (autodidaxy); and (iii) as a way of organising instruction (learner-control). Two distinct approaches were used in undertaking the study. The first involved a critical analysis and review of literature in each of the three domains, the second was based on a form of conceptual analysis. Major paradigms in educational research were surveyed. It was asserted that assumptions underlying the interpretive paradigm were congruent with the phenomenon of self-direction and that, despite its limitations, there are advantages to adopting a constructivist perspective. Major findings were: (1) lack of internal consistency in the literature precludes the development of a coherent 'theory of self-direction' from within the literature; (2) autodidaxy can be usefully distinguished from learner-control; (3) autonomy in learning does not necessarily lead to personal autonomy, nor does personal autonomy always manifest itself in the learning situation; (4) autonomy has both personal and situational dimensions; (5) understanding the perspective of learners is vital to understanding strategies used and outcomes attained; (6) personal autonomy in learning comprises both cross-situational and situation-specific dimensions; (7) research into learning outcomes should stress qualitative rather than quantitative dimensions of knowledge acquisition; and (8) constructivism sanctions action-research and other naturalistic inquiry modes. The study incluuded an agenda for research into autodidaxy and learner-control from a constructivist perspective.
Adversarial Training for Deep Learning-based Intrusion Detection Systems
Creators: name: Debicha, Islam
name: Debatty, Thibault
name: Dricot, Jean-Michel
name: Mees, Wim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nowadays, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) report state-of-the-art results in many machine learning areas, including intrusion detection. Nevertheless, recent studies in computer vision have shown that DNNs can be vulnerable to adversarial attacks that are capable of deceiving them into misclassification by injecting specially crafted data. In security-critical areas, such attacks can cause serious damage; therefore, in this paper, we examine the effect of adversarial attacks on deep learning-based intrusion detection. In addition, we investigate the effectiveness of adversarial training as a defense against such attacks. Experimental results show that with sufficient distortion, adversarial examples are able to mislead the detector and that the use of adversarial training can improve the robustness of intrusion detection.
description: Already published in The Sixteenth International Conference on Systems (ICONS 2021)
Tensionless Tales: Vacua and Critical Dimensions
Creators: name: Bagchi, Arjun
name: Mandlik, Mangesh
name: Sharma, Punit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a careful canonical quantisation of the theory of closed bosonic tensionless strings has resulted in the discovery of three separate vacua and hence three different quantum theories that emerge from this single classical tensionless theory. In this note, we perform lightcone quantisation with the aim of determination of the critical dimension of these three inequivalent quantum theories. The satisfying conclusion of a rather long and tedious calculation is that one of vacua does not lead to any constraint on the number of dimensions, while the other two give $D=26$. This implies that all three quantum tensionless theories can be thought of as consistent sub-sectors of quantum tensile bosonic closed string theory.
description: 21 pages (+ 30 pages in appendices)
Pinwheel stabilization by ocular dominance segregation
Creators: name: Reichl, Lars
name: Löwel, Siegrid
name: Wolf, Fred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We present an analytical approach for studying the coupled development of ocular dominance and orientation preference columns. Using this approach we demonstrate that ocular dominance segregation can induce the stabilization and even the production of pinwheels by their crystallization in two types of periodic lattices. Pinwheel crystallization depends on the overall dominance of one eye over the other, a condition that is fulfilled during early cortical development. Increasing the strength of inter-map coupling induces a transition from pinwheel-free stripe solutions to intermediate and high pinwheel density states.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Neural Network Model for Structure Factor of Polymer Systems
Creators: name: Huang, Jie
name: Zhang, Xinghua
name: Huang, Gang
name: Li, Shiben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As an important physical quantity to understand the internal structure of polymer chains, the structure factor is being studied both in theory and experiment. Theoretically, the structure factor of Gaussian chains have been solved analytically, but for wormlike chains, numerical approaches are often used, such as Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, solving modified diffusion equation (MDE), etc. In those works, the structure factor needs to be calculated differently for different regions of the wave vector and chain rigidity, and some calculation processes are resource consuming. In this work, by training a deep neural network (NN), we obtained an efficient model to calculate the structure factor of polymer chains, without considering different regions of wavenumber and chain rigidity. Furthermore, based on the trained neural network model, we predicted the contour and Kuhn length of some polymer chains by using scattering experimental data, and we found our model can get pretty reasonable predictions. This work provides a method to obtain structure factor for polymer chains, which is as good as previous, and with a more computationally efficient. Also, it provides a potential way for the experimental researchers to measure the contour and Kuhn length of polymer chains.
Baryogenesis by Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Hamada, Ken-ji
name: Minamizaki, Azusa
name: Sugamoto, Akio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel mechanism of baryogenesis is proposed on the basis of the phase transition from the conformal invariant space-time to the Einstein space-time in quantum gravity. Strong-coupling gravitational excitations with dynamical mass about 10^17 GeV are generated at the transition. They eventually decay into ordinary matters. As a realization of unparticle physics we show that the low energy effective interactions between the gravitational potential describing the excitation and the non-conserving matter currents by the axial anomalies can explain matter asymmetry out of thermal equilibrium.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
A test of the planet-star unipolar inductor for magnetic white dwarfs
Creators: name: Walters, N.
name: Farihi, J.
name: Marsh, T. R.
name: Bagnulo, S.
name: Landstreet, J. D.
name: Hermes, J. J.
name: Achilleos, N.
name: Wallach, A.
name: Hart, M.
name: Manser, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite thousands of spectroscopic detections, only four isolated white dwarfs exhibit Balmer emission lines. The temperature inversion mechanism is a puzzle over 30 years old that has defied conventional explanations. One hypothesis is a unipolar inductor that achieves surface heating via ohmic dissipation of a current loop between a conducting planet and a magnetic white dwarf. To investigate this model, new time-resolved spectroscopy, spectropolarimetry, and photometry of the prototype GD 356 are studied. The emission features vary in strength on the rotational period, but in anti-phase with the light curve, consistent with a cool surface spot beneath an optically thin chromosphere. Possible changes in the line profiles are observed at the same photometric phase, potentially suggesting modest evolution of the emission region, while the magnetic field varies by 10 per cent over a full rotation. These comprehensive data reveal neither changes to the photometric period, nor additional signals such as might be expected from an orbiting body. A closer examination of the unipolar inductor model finds points of potential failure: the observed rapid stellar rotation will inhibit current carriers due to the centrifugal force, there may be no supply of magnetospheric ions, and no anti-phase flux changes are expected from ohmic surface heating. Together with the highly similar properties of the four cool, emission-line white dwarfs, these facts indicate that the chromospheric emission is intrinsic. A tantalizing possibility is that intrinsic chromospheres may manifest in (magnetic) white dwarfs, and in distinct parts of the HR diagram based on structure and composition.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables, accepted to MNRAS
The Dearth of UV-Bright Stars in M32: Implications for Stellar Evolution Theory
Creators: name: Brown, Thomas M.
name: Smith, Ed
name: Ferguson, Henry C.
name: Sweigart, Allen V.
name: Kimble, Randy A.
name: Bowers, Charles W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope, we have obtained deep far-ultraviolet images of the compact elliptical galaxy M32. When combined with earlier near-ultraviolet images of the same field, these data enable the construction of an ultraviolet color-magnitude diagram of the hot horizontal branch (HB) population and other hot stars in late phases of stellar evolution. We find few post-asymptotic giant branch (PAGB) stars in the galaxy, implying that these stars either cross the HR diagram more rapidly than expected, and/or that they spend a significant fraction of their time enshrouded in circumstellar material. The predicted luminosity gap between the hot HB and its AGB-Manque (AGBM) progeny is less pronounced than expected, especially when compared to evolutionary tracks with enhanced helium abundances, implying that the presence of hot HB stars in this metal-rich population is not due to (Delta Y)/(Delta Z) > 4. Only a small fraction (~2%) of the HB population is hot enough to produce significant UV emission, yet most of the UV emission in this galaxy comes from the hot HB and AGBM stars, implying that PAGB stars are not a significant source of UV emission even in those elliptical galaxies with a weak UV excess.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. Latex, 18 pages, 18 black & white figures, in emulate-ApJ format. Figures 11 & 16 have been degraded due to size constraints; the high-quality version of the paper is at http://www.stsci.edu/~tbrown/research/m32fuv.pdf
A data-driven high-throughput workflow applied to promoted In-oxide catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol
Creators: name: Khatamirad, Mohammad
name: Fako, Edvin
name: Boscagli, Chiara
name: Müller, Matthias
name: Ebert, Fabian
name: Naumann D'Alnoncourt, Raoul
name: Schaefer, Ansgar
name: Schunk, Stephan Andreas
name: Jevtovikj, Ivana
name: Rosowski, Frank
name: De, Sandip
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: catalysts
subject: CO2 hydrogenation
subject: methanol
subject: high-throughput workflow
subject: CO2 to methanol reaction

description: We propose a novel high-throughput workflow, combining DFT-derived atomic scale interaction parameters with experimental data to identify key performance-related descriptors in a CO2 to methanol reaction, for In-based catalysts. Utilizing advanced machine learning algorithms suitable for small datasets, secondary descriptors with high predictive power for catalytic activity were constructed. These descriptors, which highlight the crucial role of hydroxyl sites, can be applied to designing new materials and to bringing them to the test with high-throughput screening, paving the path for accelerated catalyst design.
Additional file 10 of Developmental transcriptomics throughout the embryonic developmental process of Rhipicephalus turanicus reveals stage-specific gene expression profiles
Creators: name: Ruiling, Zhang
name: Wenjuan, Liu
name: Kexin, Zhang
name: Xuejun, Wang
name: Zhong, Zhang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10: Table S1. Primers used in qRT-PCR.
Review and Recent Developments on the Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) Method for the Numerical Modeling and Simulation of Elastic Wave Propagation in Unbounded Domains
Creators: name: Pled, Florent
name: Desceliers, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review article revisits and outlines the perfectly matched layer (PML) method and its various formulations developed over the past 25 years for the numerical modeling and simulation of wave propagation in unbounded media. Based on the concept of complex coordinate stretching, an efficient mixed displacement-strain unsplit-field PML formulation for second-order (displacementbased) linear elastodynamic equations is then proposed for simulating the propagation and absorption of elastic waves in unbounded (infinite or semi-infinite) domains. Both time-harmonic (frequency-domain) and time-dependent (timedomain) PML formulations are derived for two-and three-dimensional linear elastodynamic problems. Through the introduction of only a few additional variables governed by low-order auxiliary differential equations, the resulting mixed timedomain PML formulation is second-order in time, thereby allowing the use of standard time integration schemes commonly employed in computational structural dynamics and thus facilitating the incorporation into existing displacementbased finite element codes. For computational efficiency, the proposed timedomain PML formulation is implemented using a hybrid approach that couples a mixed (displacement-strain) formulation for the PML region with a classical (displacement-based) formulation for the physical domain of interest, using a standard Galerkin finite element method (FEM) for spatial discretization and a Newmark time scheme coupled with a finite difference (Crank-Nicolson) time scheme for time sampling. Numerical experiments show the performances of the PML method in terms of accuracy, efficiency and stability for two-dimensional linear elastodynamic problems in single-and multi-layer isotropic homogeneous elastic media.
3D Simulations of Electromagnetic Fields in Nanostructures using the Time-Harmonic Finite-Element Method
Creators: name: Burger, S.
name: Zschiedrich, L.
name: Schmidt, F.
name: Köhle, R.
name: Henkel, T.
name: Küchler, B.
name: Nölscher, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rigorous computer simulations of propagating electromagnetic fields have become an important tool for optical metrology and optics design of nanostructured components. As has been shown in previous benchmarks some of the presently used methods suffer from low convergence rates and/or low accuracy of the results and exhibit very long computation times which makes application to extended 2D layout patterns impractical. We address 3D simulation tasks by using a finite-element solver which has been shown to be superior to competing methods by several orders of magnitude in accuracy and computational time for typical microlithography simulations. We report on the current status of the solver, incorporating higher order edge elements, adaptive refinement methods, and fast solution algorithms. Further, we investigate the performance of the solver in the 3D simulation project of light diffraction off an alternating phase-shift contact-hole mask.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures, SPIE conference Modeling Aspects in Optical Metrology (2007)
The CP violation and scalar dark matter in a 331 model
Creators: name: Neves, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 331 model with right-handed neutrinos is re-assessed to investigate the CP violation in the quark sector. After the spontaneous symmetry breaking, the masses and physical fields of the particle content are obtained. The fermions content of the 331 model is enlarged to include exotic quarks with known electric charge and with masses defined at the TeV scale. The existence of these exotic quarks induces extra CP violations via couplings with quarks of the Standard Model mediated by charged gauge boson with mass fixed at the TeV scale. An extra discrete $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ symmetry is introduced in the 331 model to get a stable scalar field that can be a candidate to the dark matter content. The new scalar field interacts at tree level with the $Z^{\prime}$ gauge boson that works as a dark matter portal. The relic density associated with the scalar field is calculated to yield the solution mass that satisfies the observed dark matter. The region allowed on the parameter space of the dark matter mass versus $Z^{\prime}$ mass is obtained to include the bounds of PANDAX2017, XENON1T(2t.y) and LUX experiments.
description: 28 pages, 2 figures
Membrane fouling: microscopic insights into the effects of surface chemistry and roughness
Creators: name: Wang, Mao
name: Wang, John
name: Jiang, Jianwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fouling is a major obstacle and challenge in membrane-based separation processes. Caused by the sophisticated interactions between foulant and membrane surface, fouling strongly depends on membrane surface chemistry and morphology. Current studies in the field have been largely focused on polymer membranes. Herein, we report a molecular simulation study for fouling on alumina and graphene membrane surfaces during water treatment. For two foulants (sucralose and bisphenol A), the fouling on alumina surfaces is reduced with increasing surface roughness; however, the fouling on graphene surfaces is enhanced by roughness. It is unravelled that the foulant-surface interaction becomes weaker in the ridge region of a rough alumina surface, thus allowing foulant to leave the surface and reducing fouling. Such behavior is not observed on a rough graphene surface because of the strong foulant-graphene interaction. Moreover, with increasing roughness, the hydrogen bonds formed between water and alumina surfaces are found to increase in number as well as stability. By scaling the atomic charges of alumina, fouling behavior on alumina surfaces is shifted to the one on graphene surfaces. This simulation study reveals that surface chemistry and roughness play a crucial role in membrane fouling, and the microscopic insights are useful for the design of new membranes towards high-performance water treatment.
Self-Trapping of Bose-Einstein Condensates in an Optical Lattice: the Effect of the System Dimension
Creators: name: Xue, Ju-Kui
name: Zhang, Ai-Xia
name: Liu, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper, we investigate the dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) loaded into an deep optical lattice of 1D, 2D and 3D, both analytically and numerically. We focus on the self-trapping state and the effect of the system dimension. Under the tight-binding approximation we obtain an analytical criterion for the self-trapping state of BEC using time-dependent variational method. The phase diagram for self-trapping, soliton, breather, or diffusion of the BEC cloud is obtained accordingly and verified by directly solving the discrete Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) numerically. In particular, we find that the criterion and the phase diagrams are modified dramatically by the dimension of the lattices.
description: 8pages, 9 figures
THE POTENTIAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) IN RESPONSES TO TEACHING AND LEARNING OF MATHEMATICS CHALLENGES NIGERIAN SCHOOLS
Creators: name: Otikor, Mark Sanderson
Publisher: name: ZAP Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (AI),
subject: Teaching and Learning,
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In mathematics education, many students struggle to learn and retain information, due to the traditional instructional methods being ineffective for all students. Therefore, there is a need for innovative approaches to help students learn and retain information. This paper explores the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to address the challenges of teaching and learning mathematics in Nigerian schools. AI has the potential to create personalized learning experiences, improve students' engagement and understanding of mathematical concepts, and support teachers in developing appropriate instructional methods. As AI technology continues to advance and become more accessible, its applications in education are likely to become more widespread and effective. The paper also argues that AI has the potential to overcome the limitations of traditional instructional methods, such as the lack of individualized feedback and the inability to tailor the curriculum to the needs of diverse learners. However, the use of AI in education faces several challenges, such as the lack of adequate infrastructure and teacher training. Nonetheless, with proper planning and implementation, AI can revolutionize the way mathematics is taught and learned in Nigerian schools
Entanglement-redistribution boxes
Creators: name: Grudka, Andrzej
name: Horodecki, Michal
name: Horodecki, Pawel
name: Horodecki, Ryszard
name: Piani, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a framework to study the classical-communication properties of primitive local operations assisted by classical communication which realize various redistributions of entanglement, like, e.g., entanglement swapping. On the one hand, we analyze what local operations and how much classical communication are needed to perform them. On the other hand, we investigate whether and to what extent such primitives can help to establish classical communication when they are used in the form of black boxes available to spatially-separated users. In particular, we find that entanglement swapping costs more communication than it can signal; in this sense, entanglement swapping is a weaker primitive than quantum teleportation.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
Towards GW Calculations on Thousands of Atoms
Creators: name: Wilhelm, Jan
name: Golze, Dorothea
name: Talirz, Leopold
name: Hutter, Jürg
name: Pignedoli, Carlo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The GW approximation of many-body perturbation theory is an accurate method for computing electron addition and removal energies of molecules and solids. In a canonical implementation, however, its computational cost is $O(N^4)$ in the system size N, which prohibits its application to many systems of interest. We present a full-frequency GW algorithm in a Gaussian type basis, whose computational cost scales with $N^2$ to $N^3$. The implementation is optimized for massively parallel execution on state-of-the-art supercomputers and is suitable for nanostructures and molecules in the gas, liquid or condensed phase, using either pseudopotentials or all electrons. We validate the accuracy of the algorithm on the GW100 molecular test set, finding mean absolute deviations of 35 meV for ionization potentials and 27 meV for electron affinities. Furthermore, we study the length-dependence of quasiparticle energies in armchair graphene nanoribbons of up to 1734 atoms in size, and compute the local density of states across a nanoscale heterojunction.
New Order or World Disorder? Research Project
Creators: name: Gozzi, Gustavo
name: Deplano, Rossana
name: Artosi, Alberto
Publisher: name: Athena – Critical Inquiries in Law, Philosophy and Globalization
Year: 2023

description: Athena – Critical Inquiries in Law, Philosophy and Globalization, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): New Order or World Disorder?
Gravitational radiation close to a black hole horizon: Waveform regularization and the out-going echo
Creators: name: Srivastava, Manu
name: Chen, Yanbei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black hole perturbation theory for Kerr black holes is best studied in the Newman Penrose Formalism, in which gravitational waves are described as perturbations in the Weyl scalars $ψ_0$ and $ψ_4$, with the governing equation being the well-known Teukolsky equation. Near infinity and near horizon, $ψ_4$ is dominated by the component that corresponds to waves propagating towards the positive radial direction, while $ψ_0$ is dominated by the component that corresponds to waves that propagate towards the negative radial direction. Since gravitational-wave detectors measure out-going waves at infinity, research has been mainly focused on $ψ_4$, leaving $ψ_0$ less studied. But the scenario is reversed in the near horizon region where the in-going-wave boundary condition needs to be imposed. Thus, the near horizon phenomena, e.g., tidal heating and gravitational-wave echoes from Extremely Compact Objects (ECOs), require computing $ψ_0$. In this work, we explicitly calculate the source term for the $ψ_0$ Teukolsky equation due to a point particle plunging into a Kerr black hole. We highlight the need to regularize the solution of the $ψ_0$ Teukolsky equation obtained using Green's function techniques. We suggest a regularization scheme for this purpose and go on to compute the $ψ_0$ waveform close to a Schwarzschild horizon for two types of trajectories of the in-falling particle. We compare the $ψ_0$ waveform calculated directly from the Teukolsky equation with the $ψ_0$ waveform obtained by using the Starobinsky-Teukolsky identity on $ψ_4$. We also compute the out-going echo waveform near infinity, using the near-horizon $ψ_0$ computed directly from the Teukolsky equation and the Boltzmann boundary condition on the ECO surface. We show that this echo is quantitatively different (stronger) than the echo obtained using previous prescriptions. (abridged)
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, version published in PRD
Additional file 1 of Developmental transcriptomics throughout the embryonic developmental process of Rhipicephalus turanicus reveals stage-specific gene expression profiles
Creators: name: Ruiling, Zhang
name: Wenjuan, Liu
name: Kexin, Zhang
name: Xuejun, Wang
name: Zhong, Zhang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. The partial mitochondrial genome (9585 bp) used to identify species and the BLAST results against NCBI.
Home Economics programs in Oyo state secondary schools
Creators: name: Owolabi, Elizabeth Aina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this study was to identify the curricula emphases of home economics in Oyo state secondary schools, and to analyze the relationship between subject matter emphasis and selected aspects about teaching and the teacher. Sixty-two home economics teachers in Oyo state, Nigeria, responded to a mailed survey asking them to indicate the degree of emphasis given to 50 topics in five subject matter areas of home economics: Human Development and the Family, Home Management and Family Economics, Foods and Nutrition, Textiles and Clothing, and Housing. The most taught subject matter area was Foods and Nutrition followed by Home Management and Family Economics, Textiles and Clothing, Human Development and the Family, and Housing. A similar rank order was observed for subject matter competence and for preference for teaching subject matter. Scores on the topics within each subject matter area, however, indicated that all of these topics and the subject matter areas were moderately emphasized in the curriculum. The philosophical views of home economics as homemaking education; home economics as household management and home economics as cooking and sewing exist concurrently. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between the above five subject matter areas and selected aspects about teaching and the teacher. The results of the multiple regression analysis indicated no significant relationship. Some of the problems facing home economics as a subject in the secondary schools were lack of laboratory space, equipment, finance, and shortage of home economics teachers. Collaborative curriculum development and local co-operative responses may offer the means to overcome the shortage of resources for programs in specific locales. Further research in the form of case studies of successful home economics programs could be informative in understanding better the necessary components which should be fostered in strengthening home economics programs.
Ruolo del fegato nelle alterazioni dell'omeostasi metabolica indotte da restrizione dietetica e rialimentazione
Creators: name: Coppola, Paola
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2013

description: Attualmente, l’obesità rappresenta uno dei maggiori disordini nutrizionali. Uno degli interventi in grado di contrastare questa patologia è rappresentato dalla restrizione calorica che genera una riduzione del peso che risulta difficile da mantenere in quanto il peso perso tende ad essere generalmente riguadagnato, al termine della restrizione, poiché in risposta alla restrizione calorica si manifesta un decremento adattativo della spesa energetica dell’intero organismo in parte attribuibile ad un incremento dell’efficienza metabolica.
La spesa energetica si riduce per un periodo di tempo che è più lungo rispetto al periodo della perdita di peso, infatti questa riduzione adattativa della termogenesi, che induce l’organismo a risparmiare energia durante la restrizione calorica, persiste anche durante il periodo di rialimentazione e comporta un rapido recupero dei depositi di grasso. Tale meccanismo di conservazione dell’energia, che probabilmente si è evoluto come una risposta adattativa alla sopravvivenza in periodi con limitata disponibilità di cibo, è considerato un importante fattore che contribuisce al fallimento della maggior parte dei regimi dietetici nelle terapie dimagranti.
La ridotta spesa energetica e la soppressione adattativa della termogenesi indotte dalla restrizione calorica vengono fuori dai cambiamenti nei singoli organi e tessuti maggiormente coinvolti nel mantenimento del metabolismo corporeo, che sono il muscolo scheletrico e il fegato. Per cui lo scopo della tesi è stato quello di valutare il ruolo del fegato nella soppressione della termogenesi che guida il recupero di grasso durante la rialimentazione dopo un periodo di restrizione calorica.
In particolare sono stati valutati gli effetti di una restrizione calorica, gli effetti di un periodo di rialimentazione isocalorica in seguito ad un periodo di restrizione calorica e infine, gli effetti di una rialimentazione ad alto contenuto lipidico per simulare gli effetti degli odierni pasti ad alto contenuto energetico utilizzando due diverse diete iperlipidiche: una dieta iperlipidica ricca in acidi grassi saturi, e una dieta iperlipidica ricca in acidi grassi polinsaturi.
Citizen ASAS-SN: Citizen Science with The All-Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASAS-SN)
Creators: name: Christy, C. T.
name: Jayasinghe, T.
name: Stanek, K. Z.
name: Kochanek, C. S.
name: Way, Z.
name: Prieto, J. L.
name: Shappee, B. J.
name: Holoien, T. W. -S.
name: Thompson, T. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present "Citizen ASAS-SN", a citizen science project hosted on the Zooniverse platform which utilizes data from the All-Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASAS-SN). Volunteers are presented with ASAS-SN $g$-band light curves of variable star candidates. The classification workflow allows volunteers to classify these sources into major variable groups, while also allowing for the identification of unique variable stars for additional follow-up.
description: Published in RNAAS, announcing the public release of Citizen ASAS-SN on the Zooniverse (https://www.zooniverse.org/projects/tharinduj/citizen-asas-sn)
Calcium looping for CCS-ready combustion of solid fuels
Creators: name: Coppola, Antonio
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2013

description: Il Calcium looping cycle è una tecnologia promettente per la  cattura di CO2 che è caratterizzata da una penalità energetica relativamente bassa. Il potenziale di questa tecnologia, per l’applicazione a breve e medio termine, ha stimolato l'interesse del candidato per questo argomento ed ha fornito la motivazione per il presente studio, che è stato intrapreso nel quadro dei programmi di ricerca attivi presso il Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale dell'Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II e dell'Istituto di Ricerche Sulla Combustione del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. Il processo è descritto in dettaglio, con considerazione riguardanti la chimica e la fisica che è alla base della tecnologia nonché degli aspetti relativi alla configurazione reattoristica. Quest'ultima è in gran parte basata sullo utilizzo di due letti fluidi interconnessi, che è attualmente considerata la migliore configurazione per l’applicazione industriale. Un aspetto fondamentale del processo, che è stato accuratamente esaminato nel presente lavoro, è rappresentato dal meccanismo e dall’estensione dei fenomeni di attrition che subiscono i materiali sorbenti connessi all’utilizzo di letti fluidi.
Questo studio affronta aspetti specifici della tecnologia di Calcium looping, e si basa su una vasta campagna sperimentale condotta con l'ausilio di un reattore a letto fluido in scala da laboratorio appositamente progettato. In particolare, le prestazioni di sei calcari naturali, in termini di capacità di cattura di CO2 e propensione ai fenomeni di attrition, sono stati studiati e quantificati in diverse condizioni operative. L'effetto della presenza di SO2 nei fumi di combustione è stata valutata, anche in questo caso, in termini di capacità di cattura di CO2 e tendenza all’attrition. Inoltre, è stata esaminata la possibilità di utilizzare un materiale sorbente naturale alternativo, come la dolomite. Infine, è stato studiato un possibile processo di rigenerazione della capacità di cattura della CO2 del calcare spento, con particolare attenzione alla riattivazione promossa mediante idratazione con acqua.
Litigating Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation in Investment Dispute Resolution
Creators: name: De Stefano, Carlo
Publisher: name: Athena – Critical Inquiries in Law, Philosophy and Globalization
Year: 2023

description: International investment agreements (IIAs) may protect in principle every kind of foreign direct investment (FDI), including “brown” and “green” FDI. This means that potentially polluting multinational enterprises may be protected by IIAs and benefit from the right to sue States for the enactment of measures adopted in furtherance of climate change action through investor-State dispute settlement (ISDS). While this is not preferable under a policy perspective, various legal techniques may provide important “entry points” through which the lex climatica – international climate change treaties, such as the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) of 9 May 1992 and the Paris Agreement of 12 December 2015, and implementing municipal laws – may be successfully integrated in the lex mercatoria – IIAs. Such techniques pertain to investment treaty drafting (recognition of the States’ right to regulate, general exceptions, express environmental carve-outs and provisions establishing investors’ commitments), procedural issues (jurisdictional requirements, admissibility filters and viability of States’ counterclaims) and substantive matters (treaty interpretation and applicable laws). Notably, IIAs must be interpreted pursuant to systemic integration as required by Article 31(3)(c) of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT) pursuant to which “any relevant rules of international law applicable in the relations between the parties” “shall be taken into account”. As a result, multilateral treaties addressing climate change do constitute an hermeneutic basis against which adjudicators may asses the breaches of economic treaties under international law. In this respect, the most relevant international instrument appears to be the Paris Agreement with its 196 States membership. The domestic implementation by States of their nationally determined contributions (NDCs) required periodically under Article 4 of the Paris Agreement may provide a parameter of legality of States’ climate change inaction, which would then result to be inconsistent with the applicable IIAs. The recent stipulation of multilateral commitments addressing climate change is relevant also under the lens of dispute resolution. In this respect, the “teeth” provided by IIAs and investor-State dispute settlement (ISDS) to implement the investors’ rights granted by the Parties may be instrumental also to the enforcement of climate change action commitments (in the absence of an arbitration or submission agreement pursuant to Article 24 of the Paris Agreement and Article 14 of the UNFCCC). In this scenario, ISDS may be resorted to by “green” investors to request an international investment tribunal or court to sanction a possible failure by a State in the implementation of binding climate change action.
description: Athena – Critical Inquiries in Law, Philosophy and Globalization, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): New Order or World Disorder?
Perturbation theory of computing QCD jet cross sections beyond NLO accuracy
Creators: name: Trocsanyi, Zoltan
name: Somogyi, Gabor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the problems that arise when one wishes to extend the existing general methods of computing radiative corrections to QCD jet cross sections to beyond next-to-leading order. Then we present a subtraction scheme that can be defined at any order in perturbation theory. We give a status report of the implementation of the method to computing jet cross sections in electron-positron annihilation at the next-to-next-to-leading order accuracy.
description: talk presented at the 8th International Symposium on Radiative Corrections, Florence, Italy, October 1-5, 2007
Understanding flame structure in wildfires using Large Eddy Simulations
Creators: name: Verma, Salman
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Engineering
subject: Direct Numerical Simulation
subject: Large Eddy Simulation
subject: Longitudinal vortices
subject: OpenFOAM
subject: Thermal instability
subject: Wildfire spread

description: The structure of wildfire flames in the presence of crossflow was analyzed by utilizing suitable non-reacting numerical experiments with low speed flow over a hot isothermal horizontal semi-infinite surface. FireFOAM, a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) based solver developed by FM Global for fire protection engineering applications, was employed for all the calculations.

Early-time dynamics of Rayleigh-Taylor Instability (RTI) was first simulated using Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) so that the solver could be verified against Linear Stability Theory (LST). Then attention was given to late-time dynamics in order understand the different stages (e.g., appearance of secondary instability, generation of larger scales due to interaction between structures) involved in the development of the instability.

The onset of thermal vortex instability, in a configuration with low speed flow over a hot isothermal semi-infinite horizontal plate, predicted using DNS was compared with the literature. Spatial evolution of various terms in the streamwise vorticity equation was used to identify the dominant mechanisms responsible for the generation/evolution of vorticity. Streamwise evolution of the instabilities was studied and the effects of the changes in temperature and orientation of the plate on the thermal instabilities were also investigated.

Finally, a configuration with low speed flow over a hot isothermal semi-infinite horizontal strip was used to understand the effects of upstream Boundary Layer (BL) height and the length of the strip on both the thin horizontal and larger structures (analogous to Flame Towers (FT) observed in real wildfires and laboratory experiments).
Weighing the black holes in ultraluminous X-ray sources through timing
Creators: name: Casella, P.
name: Ponti, G.
name: Patruno, A.
name: Belloni, T.
name: Miniutti, G.
name: Zampieri, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a new method to estimate the mass of black holes in Ultraluminous X-ray Sources (ULXs). The method is based on the recently discovered ``variability plane'', populated by Galactic stellar-mass black-hole candidates (BHCs) and supermassive active galactic nuclei (AGNs), in the parameter space defined by the black-hole mass, accretion rate and characteristic frequency. We apply this method to the two ULXs from which low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations have been discovered, M82 X-1 and NGC 5408 X-1. For both sources we obtain a black-hole mass in the range 100~1300 Msun, thus providing evidence for these two sources to host an intermediate-mass black hole.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, Accepted by MNRAS
The time traveler's guide to the quantization of zero modes
Creators: name: Alonso-Serrano, Ana
name: Tjoa, Erickson
name: Garay, Luis J.
name: Martín-Martínez, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relationship between the quantization of a massless scalar field on the two-dimensional Einstein cylinder and in a spacetime with a time machine. We find that the latter picks out a unique prescription for the state of the zero mode in the Einstein cylinder. We show how this choice arises from the computation of the vacuum Wightman function and the vacuum renormalized stress-energy tensor in the time-machine geometry. Finally, we relate the previously proposed regularization of the zero mode state as a squeezed state with the time-machine warp parameter, thus demonstrating that the quantization in the latter regularizes the quantization in an Einstein cylinder.
description: 17 pages, 2 Appendices, RevTex4-2; v2: accepted to JHEP, updated to match the upcoming published version. Added one figure for the conformal diagram
I proverbi nella traduzione italiana de  La Familia de Pascual Duarte  di Camilo José Cela
Creators: name: Vuelta Garcia, Salomé
Publisher: name: Firenze University Press
Year: 2014
Subjects: Camilo José Cela; Italian translation; proverbs; Salvatore Battaglia; Spanish

description: The article focuses on the different configuration the proverbs that can be found in the "Familia de Pascual Duarte" by Camilo José Cela (1942) have in the Italian translation by Salvatore Battaglia (1944). If Cela uses them in an accurate and “playful” way, the Italian version translates the proverbs very carefully forgetting the facetious function they perform in the Spanish novel.
description: LEA - Lingue e Letterature d'Oriente e d'Occidente, Vol 3 (2014)
title: A célebre carta
title: Imagens de uma cópia suplementar
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Sepúlveda, Pedro
name: Uribe, Jorge
Publisher: name: IELT – Instituto de Estudos de Literatura e Tradição, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa
Year: 2014

description: A célebre carta ― Imagens de uma cópia suplementar, por Pedro Sepúlveda e Jorge Uribe. Revista Estranhar Pessoa, n.º 1 (Caderno do Dia Triunfal).
description: SEPÚLVEDA, Pedro e Jorge URIBE (2014) “A célebre carta ― Imagens de uma cópia suplementar”, Revista Estranhar Pessoa, 1: 102–110. ISSN 2183-4075.