cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Universality and Critical Exponents of the Fermion Sign Problem
Creators: name: Mondaini, Rubem
name: Tarat, Sabyasachi
name: Scalettar, Richard T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Initial characterizations of the fermion sign problem focused on its evolution with spatial lattice size $L$ and inverse temperature $β$, emphasizing the implications of the exponential nature of the decay of the average sign $\langle {\cal S} \rangle$ for the complexity of its solution and associated limitations of quantum Monte Carlo studies of strongly correlated materials. Early interest was also on the evolution of $\langle {\cal S} \rangle$ with density $ρ$, either because commensurate filling is often associated with special symmetries for which the sign problem is absent or because particular fillings are often primary targets, e.g.~those densities which maximize superconducting transition temperature (the top of the `dome' of cuprate systems). Here we describe a new analysis of the sign problem, which demonstrates that the {\it spin-resolved} sign $\langle {\cal S}_σ\rangle$ already possesses signatures of universal behavior traditionally associated with order parameters, even in the absence of symmetry protection that makes $\langle {\cal S} \rangle = 1$. When appropriately scaled, $\langle {\cal S}_σ\rangle$ exhibits universal crossings and data collapse. Moreover, we show these behaviors occur in the vicinity of quantum critical points of three well-understood models, exhibiting either second-order or Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transitions. Our results pave the way for using the average sign as a minimal correlator that can potentially describe quantum criticality in a variety of fermionic many-body problems.
description: 15+6 pages, 10+6 figures; updated version
Numerical modelling of large body impacts
Creators: name: Pongracic., Helen
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Convergence of the fully discrete incremental projection scheme for incompressible flows
Creators: name: Gallouët, Thierry
name: Herbin, Raphaèle
name: Latché, Jean-Claude
name: Maltese, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The present paper addresses the convergence of a first order in time incremental projection scheme for the time-dependent incompressible Navier-Stokes equations to a weak solution, without any assumption of existence or regularity assumptions on the exact solution. We prove the convergence of the approximate solutions obtained by the semi-discrete scheme and a fully discrete scheme using a staggered finite volume scheme on non uniform rectangular meshes. Some first a priori estimates on the approximate solutions yield the existence. Compactness arguments, relying on these estimates, together with some estimates on the translates of the discrete time derivatives, are then developed to obtain convergence (up to the extraction of a subsequence), when the time step tends to zero in the semi-discrete scheme and when the space and time steps tend to zero in the fully discrete scheme; the approximate solutions are thus shown to converge to a limit function which is then shown to be a weak solution to the continuous problem by passing to the limit in these schemes.
title: Konkurrenz am Main für die Wittenberger Drucker
title: Sigmund Feyerabend brachte eine Lutherbibel heraus : Exemplar von 1560 in der Badischen Landesbibliothek
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hiller von Gaertringen, Julia
Publisher: name: [Badische Neueste Nachrichten Badendruck GmbH]
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 090 Handschriften, seltene Bücher

description: Das ursprüngliche Zentrum des Lutherbibeldrucks war Wittenberg. Bald wurde aber auch in Frankfurt Geld mit der Übersetzung des Reformators verdient. Eine der Bibeln vom Main aus dem Jahr 1560 gehört heute der Badischen Landesbibliothek (BLB). Von ihr handelt dieser Gastbeitrag der leitenden BLB-Direktorin.
Determinants of Community Health Agent Functionality in Arsi Region
Creators: name: Hailemariam, Damen
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 1989

description: A comparative case-control s tudy t o asses s the determinants of commun i t y hea 7th agent fun c t i ona Ii ty ~~as done in two Ars i Awrajas, in mid-southern Ethiopia. This was a census study which 'lias conducted by interviellling 347 CHAs from a structured questionnaire. The first objective was to describe the situation of the CHAs trained for the two Alvrajas up to the end of 1987. The other objecti\'e was to elucidate the determinants of CHA functionality by comparing the attributes of the functional CHAs (cases) with that of the non-functional ones(controls). An attempt was made to elucidate the determinants of these attributes. The findings revealed that only 25.8% of the CHAs interviewed were performing 50% or more of the activities mentioned in their job description . 45.6% of the CHAs were found to be performing no acti v ities at the time of the interview, i.e. a point prevalence of attrition rate of 45%. Comparing cases and controls showed that there was strong associations between CHA function and community support for the CHAs(RR = 72.4 with 95% CI 35 - 153). The other factor which was seen to be associated with function was supervision by health institutions (Odds of being functional when supervised being 28 with 95% CI of 15 - 53). Other factors ~'hich were found to be positively related to CHA functionality were: presence of hea lth post, provision of drugs and stationary to the CHA, and estab Ii shment of an act i ve hea I th commi ttee wi th the CHA be ing an execut i ve member • These f indings emphasize the importance of the prov i s i on of prope r commun i t y and hea I th system support for the success o f the community health services program.
On the DoF of Two-way $2\times2\times2$ Relay Networks with or without Relay Caching
Creators: name: Ashraphijuo, Mehdi
name: Aggarwal, Vaneet
name: Wang, Xiaodong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Two-way relay is potentially an effective approach to spectrum sharing and aggregation by allowing simultaneous bidirectional transmissions between source-destinations pairs. This paper studies the two-way $2\times2\times2$ relay network, a class of four-unicast networks, where there are four source/destination nodes and two relay nodes, with each source sending a message to its destination. We show that without relay caching the total degrees of freedom (DoF) is bounded from above by $8/3$, indicating that bidirectional links do not double the DoF (It is known that the total DoF of one-way $2\times2\times2$ relay network is $2$.). Further, we show that the DoF of $8/3$ is achievable for the two-way $2\times2\times2$ relay network with relay caching. Finally, even though the DoF of this network is no more than $8/3$ for generic channel gains, DoF of $4$ can be achieved for a symmetric configuration of channel gains.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1607.06042; text overlap with arXiv:1102.2498 by other authors
Black Hole Entropy from Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Dorey, Nick
name: Mouland, Rishi
name: Zhao, Boan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide evidence for a holographic duality between superconformal quantum mechanics on the moduli space of Yang-Mills instantons and M-theory in certain asymptotically $AdS_{7}\times S^{4}$ backgrounds with a plane-wave boundary metric. We show that the gravitational background admits a supersymmetric black hole solution whose entropy is precisely reproduced by the superconformal index of the dual quantum mechanics.
Measuring Lateral Capillary Forces on Floating Particles using the Moses Effect
Creators: name: Shulman, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study presents a novel and user-friendly technique for detecting the lateral capillary force on a floating spherical particle. The technique leverages the interplay between the capillary attracting forces, hydrostatic pressure forces, and magnetic repulsion forces. A magnetic field is applied to induce a surface curvature in the liquid, resulting in a non-uniform distribution of capillary and hydrostatic pressure forces across the particle's surface. This leads to a stable equilibrium position of the particle at a specific distance from the magnet. The study analyzes the equilibrium position and other relevant parameters in comparison with the developed theory. Classical mechanics and intermolecular forces are applied to establish the theoretical basis for the method, modeling the behavior of the particle in response to the magnetic field, surface curvature, and hydrostatic pressure. The equilibrium position of the particle is determined by numerically solving the balance of forces equation.
Synthesis and reactions of heterobimetallic complexes for catalysis
Creators: name: Polas., Anastasios
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Διακοπή μέσων διατήρησης ζωής – Ηθικά και Νομικά ζητήματα
Creators: name: Βισέρη, Κατερίνα Νικολάου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ευθανασία
Μέσα διατήρησης ζωής
Υποβοηθούμενη αυτοκτονία
Eythanasia
Means of life
Assisted suicide

description: Οι αποφάσεις που αφορούν το τέλος της ζωής, είναι ιδιαίτερα δύσκολες και συχνές, γεγονός που αποδεικνύει πως το θέμα αυτό υπάρχει, προβληματίζει και κυρίως διχάζει, καθώς τα ποσοστά των απαντήσεων μοιράζονται. Στην παρούσα εργασία θα αναλύσουμε τους νομικούς και ηθικούς προβληματισμούς σε περίπτωση διακοπής των μέσων διατήρησης της ζωής. Ειδικότερα, στην παρούσα εργασία, θα παραθέσουμε νομικά και ηθικά ζητήματα σχετικά με το θάνατο που θα επέλθει είτε απευθείας με τη χορήγηση κάποιου φαρμάκου είτε εμμέσως με τη διακοπή μιας μάταιης θεραπείας, δηλαδή μιας θεραπείας που όσο καιρό και να χορηγηθεί στον ασθενή δεν θα επιφέρει κάποιο θεραπευτικό αποτέλεσμα. Μάταιη θεωρείται μια θεραπεία όταν δεν μπορεί να ματαιώσει την επέλευση του, να παρατείνει τη ζωή για μια συγκεκριμένη χρονική περίοδο και να διατηρήσει μια αποδεκτή ποιότητα ζωής. Η προβληματική της διακοπής των μέσων διατήρησης της ζωής γίνεται ακόμα μεγαλύτερη όταν ο ασθενής δεν έχει τις αισθήσεις του με αποτέλεσμα να μην μπορεί να εκφράσει ρητώς τη βούλησή του για το εάν θέλει να διακοπεί η ζωή του ή όχι.
description: Decisions about the end of life are very difficult and frequent, which proves that this issue exists, is problematic and especially divisive, as the percentages of answers are divided. In this paper we will analyze the legal and ethical issues in case of interruption of livelihoods. In particular, in this paper, we will address legal and ethical issues regarding death that will occur either directly with the administration of a drug or indirectly with the cessation of a futile treatment, a treatment that as long as administered to the patient will not bring any therapeutic effect. In vain is considered a treatment when it cannot cancel its occurrence, prolong life for a certain period of time and maintain an acceptable quality of life. The problem of stopping the means of survival becomes even greater when the patient is unconscious so that he cannot explicitly express his will as to whether he wants to stop his life or not.
Continuous information flow fluctuations
Creators: name: Rosinberg, Martin Luc
name: Horowitz, Jordan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Information plays a pivotal role in the thermodynamics of nonequilibrium processes with feedback. However, much remains to be learned about the nature of information fluctuations in small scale devices and their relation with fluctuations in other thermodynamics quantities, like heat and work. Here we derive a series of fluctuation theorems for information flow and partial entropy production in a Brownian particle model of feedback cooling and extend them to arbitrary driven diffusion processes. We then analyze the long-time behavior of the feedback-cooling model in detail. Our results provide insights into the structure and origin of large deviations of information and thermodynamic quantities in autonomous Maxwell's demons.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
Prevalence of Anemia and its Association with Body Mass Index among Adolescent Girls in Wayu Tuka District, East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia, a School Based Study, 2016
Creators: name: Takele, Rediet
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Back ground: Adolescence covers 10-19 years of human age. It is considered as a nutritionally critical period of life. Rapid growth and changes that occurs during adolescences demands both macro and micronutrients including iron. The pre-pregnancy nutritional status of young girls is important as it impacts on the course and the outcome of their pregnancy. Hence, addressing the nutritional needs of adolescents could be an important step towards breaking the vicious cycle of intergenerational malnutrition. Objective: To determine the magnitude of anemia and its correlation with body mass index among school going adolescent girls in wayu tuka district ,Oromia,Ethiopia,2016. Methodology: A cross-sectional study design using multi-stage sampling technique was employed. A total of 454 sample size was estimated and the sampled students were proportionally allocated to each selected schools based on their total adolescent girls population. Structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-economic and demographic characteristics of participants. Data were entered using Epi-data version 3.1 and Statistical software (STATA version12) was employed for analysis. Anthropometric data was computed by WHO Anthro plus software (Version 1.0.4, 2010). Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to test the association between dependent and independent variables. For all statistical tests, significance level was set at p-value of <0.05. Result: Off 448 participants most 54% were in aged between 10-14 years with mean age of 14(+2) years. About three quarter (75%) of them were from rural. BAZ and HAZ mean scores of the adolescent were -0.16 (+1.15SD) and -0.48 + (1.14SD), respectively .Thinness and stunting occurred among 6.7% and 6.9% of adolescent by having (BAZ<−2SD) and (HAZ <−2SD) respectively. The overall proportion of anemia among studied adolescent was 27% (95% CI: 22.9- 31%), of which 23%, 3.8% and 0.2% had mild, moderate and severe anemia respectively. Strongest predictor to anemia were age (AOR=4.8 95%CI=2.7-8.5) status of menarche (AOR=2.3, 95%CI=1.34-4.2) and place of residence (AOR=3.7 95%CI=1.9 -7).Not consuming of vegetables, (AOR= 3.2 95%CI=1.5-6.7) and Milk consumption (AOR= 3 95%CI=1.5 -6.7) were also the significant determinant of anemia .However socio-economic status, educational status, and BMI did not show any significant association with anemia. Conclusion: Anemia among school going adolescent girls was moderate public health problem. 1 Socio demographic factors like Age, place of residence, menarche status and diets like, low consumption of vegetables and high consumption of milk were the significant determinants of anemia. It is recommended that interventions and strategies aimed at addressing anemia effectively in this population should be strengthened. Key words: Adolescent ,Anemia ,Body mass index
Fate and behaviour of copper in vineyard soils of Victoria, Australia
Creators: name: Pietrzak., Ursula
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
High frequency study of FRB 20180916B using the 100-m Effelsberg radio telescope
Creators: name: Bethapudi, S.
name: Spitler, L. G.
name: Main, R. A.
name: Li, D. Z.
name: Wharton, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: FRB 20180916B is a repeating fast radio burst (FRB) with an activity period of 16.33 days. In previous observations ranging from $\sim 150-1400$ MHz, the activity window was found to be frequency dependent, with lower frequency bursts occurring later. In this work, we present the highest-frequency detections of bursts from this FRB, using the 100-m Effelsberg Radio Telescope at 4$-$8 GHz. We present the results from two observing campaigns. We performed the first campaign over an entire activity period which resulted in no detections. The second campaign was in an active window at 4$-$8 GHz which we predicted from our modelling of chromaticity, resulting in eight burst detections. The bursts were detected in a window of 1.35 days, 3.6 days preceding the activity peak seen by CHIME, suggesting the chromaticity extends to higher frequency. The detected bursts have narrower temporal widths and larger spectral widths compared to lower frequencies. All of them have flat polarization position angle sweeps and high polarization fractions. The bursts also exhibit diffractive scintillation due to the Milky Way, following a $f^{3.90\pm0.05}$ scaling, and vary significantly over time. We find that burst rate across frequency scales as $f^{-2.6\pm0.2}$. Lastly, we examine implications of the frequency dependency on the source models.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, comments welcome, submitted to MNRAS
NLO QCD corrections to diphoton-plus-jet production through gluon fusion at the LHC
Creators: name: Moodie, Ryan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: To match the increasing precision of modern collider experiments, theory must aim to achieve percent-level QCD predictions. This pushes for NNLO contributions to two-to-three processes, whose rich kinematics offer many attractive probes of SM parameters. This is a major theoretical challenge that novel methods are being developed for. I will discuss recent progress in the diphoton-plus-jet channel. Diphoton-plus-jet production is an important background for measuring properties of the Higgs at the LHC. The gluon-initiated channel is also an excellent testing ground for new technologies. We recently computed the NLO QCD corrections to this process. Analytic forms for the full-colour two-loop virtual corrections were found using reconstruction over finite fields of the rational coefficients of special functions in the pentagon function basis. We combined these with one-loop real radiation using the antenna subtraction scheme to compute differential distributions, observing significant NLO corrections. For the real correction, we also showed in a separate study that efficient evaluation can be achieved using amplitude neural networks to emulate the matrix element.
Universal Lower Limit on Vortex Creep in Superconductors
Creators: name: Eley, Serena
name: Miura, Masashi
name: Maiorov, Boris
name: Civale, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductors are excellent testbeds for studying vortices, topological excitations that also appear in superfluids, liquid crystals, and Bose-Einstein condensates. Vortex motion can be disruptive; it can cause phase transitions, glitches in pulsars, and losses in superconducting microwave circuits, and it limits the current carrying capacity of superconductors. Understanding vortex dynamics is therefore of fundamental and technological importance, and the competition between the effects of thermal energy and energy barriers defined by material disorder is not completely understood. In particular, early measurements of thermally-activated vortex motion (creep) in iron-based superconductors unveiled fast rates (S) comparable to measurements of YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO). This was puzzling because S is thought to somehow positively correlate with the Ginzburg number (Gi), and Gi is orders of magnitude lower in most iron-based superconductors than in YBCO. Here, we report very slow creep in BaFe2(As0.67P0.33)2 films, and propose that there is a universal minimum realizable (where Tc is the superconducting transition temperature) that has been achieved in our films, few other materials, and violated by none. This limitation provides new clues on how to design materials with slow creep and helps elucidate open questions regarding the interplay between system-specific length scales and vortex dynamics.
Quantum correlations on the no-signaling boundary: self-testing and more
Creators: name: Chen, Kai-Siang
name: Tabia, Gelo Noel M.
name: Jebarathinam, Chellasamy
name: Mal, Shiladitya
name: Wu, Jun-Yi
name: Liang, Yeong-Cherng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In device-independent quantum information, correlations between local measurement outcomes observed by spatially separated parties in a Bell test play a fundamental role. Even though it is long-known that the set of correlations allowed in quantum theory lies strictly between the Bell-local set and the no-signaling set, many questions concerning the geometry of the quantum set remain unanswered. Here, we revisit the problem of when the boundary of the quantum set coincides with the no-signaling set in the simplest Bell scenario. In particular, for each Class of these common boundaries containing $k$ zero probabilities, we provide a $(5-k)$-parameter family of quantum strategies realizing these (extremal) correlations. We further prove that self-testing is possible in all nontrivial Classes beyond the known examples of Hardy-type correlations, and provide numerical evidence supporting the robustness of these self-testing results. Candidates of one-parameter families of self-testing correlations from some of these Classes are identified. As a byproduct of our investigation, if the qubit strategies leading to an extremal nonlocal correlation are local-unitarily equivalent, a self-testing statement provably follows. Interestingly, all these self-testing correlations found on the no-signaling boundary are provably non-exposed. An analogous characterization for the set $\mathcal{M}$ of quantum correlations arising from finite-dimensional maximally entangled states is also provided. En route to establishing this last result, we show that all correlations of $\mathcal{M}$ in the simplest Bell scenario are attainable as convex combinations of those achievable using a Bell pair and projective measurements. In turn, we obtain the maximal Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt Bell inequality violation by any maximally entangled two-qudit state and a no-go theorem regarding the self-testing of such states.
description: v3: 16+14 pages, 9 figures, 6 tables; v2: 15+12 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, robust self-testing results and references added; v1: 12+11 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables
Exact Electromagnetic Casimir Energy of a Disk Opposite a Plane
Creators: name: Emig, Thorsten
name: Graham, Noah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Building on work of Meixner [J. Meixner, Z. Naturforschung 3a, 506 (1948)], we show how to compute the exact scattering amplitude (or $T$-matrix) for electromagnetic scattering from a perfectly conducting disk. This calculation is a rare example of a non-diagonal $T$-matrix that can nonetheless be obtained in a semi-analytic form. We then use this result to compute the electromagnetic Casimir interaction energy for a disk opposite a plane, for arbitrary orientation angle of the disk, for separations greater than the disk radius. We find that the proximity force approximation (PFA) significantly overestimates the Casimir energy, both in the case of the ordinary PFA, which applies when the disk is parallel to the plane, and the "edge PFA," which applies when the disk is perpendicular to the plane.
description: 13 pages, 4 .eps figures; v2: minor clarifications, expanded discussion in Sec. 4, version accepted for publication in PRA
Universal Chern number statistics in random matrix fields
Creators: name: Swartzberg, Or
name: Wilkinson, Michael
name: Gat, Omri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the probability distribution of Chern numbers (quantum Hall effect integers) for a parametric version of the GUE random matrix ensemble, which is a model for a chaotic or disordered system. The numerically-calculated single-band Chern number statistics agree well with predictions based on an earlier study [O. Gat and M. Wilkinson, SciPost Phys., 10, 149, (2021)] of the statistics of the quantum adiabatic curvature, when the parametric correlation length is small. However, contrary to an earlier conjecture, we find that the gap Chern numbers are correlated, and that correlation is weak but slowly-decaying. Also, the statistics of weighted sums of Chern numbers for many bands differs markedly from predictions based upon the hypothesis that gap Chern numbers are uncorrelated. All our results are consistent with the universality hypothesis described in the earlier paper, including in the previously unstudied regime of large correlation length, where the Chern statistics is highly non-Gaussian.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
title: Sahana Udupa: Making News in Global India: Media, Publics, Politics (Cambridge University Press, 2015)
Creators: name: Cook, Ian M.
name: Udupa, Sahana
Publisher: name: New Books Network
Year: 2016

description: What role does Bangalore's private news culture play in shaping the southern Indian metropolis' ongoing urban transformation? Sahana Udupa's new book Making News in Global India: Media, Publics, Politics (Cambridge University Press, 2015) answers this question through a fascinating and fine grained ethnography of the city's bi-lingual news media. Exploring differences amongst the English language and local language press, class-based civic activism, novelties in news room practices and layers of journalistic identities the book shows the ways in which a certain type of aspiration that has come to characterize some news outlets, conflicts and contends with the visibility of local urban cultures and the struggle for dominance amongst different actors in the news field.
Comparison of Factors Influencing Utilization of Modern Contraceptive Methods among Rural and Urban Women Currently using Family Planning Service in South Wollo Zone, Amhara National Regional State
Creators: name: l Ali, Jema
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2010

description: Background: Utilization of modern contraceptive methods is related to sociodemographic, reproductive and fertility factors. Previous studies concentrated on identifying these and other determinant factors in rural or urban but it is unclear whether the magnitude of these factors in rural and big urban population similar or not. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess and compare factors influencing utilization of modern contraceptive methods among rural and urban women currently using family planning service in South Wollo Zone, Amhara Region. Methods and materials: Health facility based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Dessie town, Jamma and Wereilu Weredas of South Wollo Zone from February to March-2010.The Two rural Weredas were selected from the ten remote weredas located in the western part of the Zone by using simple random sampling methods. All health centres and one potential health post per weredas were the study unit. After obtaining permission to proceed from all level of relevant bodies, data were collected by trained health workers using pre-tested interviewer administered close ended questionnaires from 534 women who visit 12 health facilities as current MCM users. Data were entered and analysed using SPSS Soft Ware. Result. Rural women use modern contraceptive methods for the first time on average after they had 3 children and only (4.5%) of users before the first child as compared to urban users after they had 1.4 children and (24.3%) before the first child. Desire to limit family size by rural users less (25.8%) than (31.5%) urban users. Decision making to use modern contraceptive by rural users less (21.7%) than urban users (25.5%).(90.3%) of rural and (86%) of urban users had past history of pregnancy. Rural women whose perceived economic status as average were three times more likely to practice modern contraceptive as compared to urban women. Conclusion: This study has clearly described that rural women use modern contraceptive methods after they had higher number of children and less desire to limit family size as compared to urban women. It is recommended that strong behavioural change intervention targeting the high fertility desire of rural women and modern contraceptive methods utilization is needed.
Περιβάλλον και Παχυσαρκία
Creators: name: Μανωλή, Βασιλική Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2022
Subjects: Παχυσαρκία
Περιβάλλον
Γρήγορο φαγητό
Obesity
Environment
Fast-food

description: Η παχυσαρκία αποτελεί σημαντικό θέμα δημόσιας υγείας, τόσο στις ανεπτυγμένες, όσο και στις αναπτυσσόμενες χώρες, καθώς σχετίζεται με πολλές χρόνιες παθήσεις, όπως ο σακχαρώδης διαβήτης, η υπέρταση και τα καρδιαγγειακά νοσήματα. Αφορά ένα μεγάλο κομμάτι του πληθυσμού αδιακρίτως φύλου, ηλικίας και κοινωνικής/οικονομικής τάξης. Τα ατομικά χαρακτηριστικά και οι συμπεριφορές των ατόμων αποτελούν τους κυριότερους συντελεστές κινδύνου, ωστόσο πολλοί είναι οι περιβαλλοντικοί παράγοντες που παίζουν σημαντικό ρόλο στην αύξηση του σωματικού βάρους: η δόμηση των πόλεων που δεν επιτρέπει περιπάτους, οι γρήγοροι ρυθμοί της ζωής, το εργασιακό και σχολικό περιβάλλον, ο τρόπος μετακίνησης, η πολύωρη αδράνεια λόγω προσήλωσης στις οθόνες της τηλεόρασης, των υπολογιστών, των κινητών και των βιντεοπαιχνιδιών, τα έτοιμα και γρήγορα φαγητά, το μέγεθος της μερίδας, τα ζαχαρούχα ποτά, η εργασία σε βάρδιες, η έλλειψη ύπνου και το στρες είναι μερικοί από αυτούς. Δεν μπορούμε όμως να μην αναφερθούμε και σε άλλους παράγοντες που έμμεσα επηρεάζουν: οι διαφημίσεις στη τηλεόραση και τα περιοδικά, τα μέσα κοινωνικής δικτύωσης και η μόδα. Ενθαρρυντικό στοιχείο αποτελεί το γεγονός ότι έχει διεθνώς κατανοηθεί η σημαντικότητα και η σοβαρότητα το προβλήματος και υπάρχει σε εξέλιξη εκστρατεία αντιμετώπισής του από τον Παγκόσμιο Οργανισμό Υγείας.
description: Obesity is an important public health issue, both in developed and developing countries, as it is associated with chronic illness, such as diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. It concerns a large part of the population, regardless of gender, age and social/economic status. Individual characteristics and behaviors are the main risk factors; however many environmental issues play an important role in body weight increase: the build-up environment, the urban housing, with no neighborhoods and no space for physical activities, the modern way of life and the social conditions, the work and school environment, the types of transportation used, the hours of inactivity in front TV- screens, computers, mobile-phones and video-games, the ready-made and fast-food, the portion size, the sugary drinks, shift working, the lack of sleep, the stress of modern life; and not forget the emotional influence of TV and magazine advertisements, of the lean fashion-models and of social media. It is encouraging that the significance and seriousness of obesity as a multimodal disease is world-wide well-understood and there is an ongoing World Health Organization campaign to address it.
description: Σε συνεργασία με: Ιατρικής (Δημοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θράκης), Πολιτικών Μηχανικών T.E. (Αλεξάνδρειο Τ.Ε.Ι. Θεσσαλονίκης)
Sandpiles Subjected to Sinusoidal Drive
Creators: name: Cheraghalizadeh, J.
name: MirJafarlou, M. A. Seifi
name: Najafi, M. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper considers a sandpile model subjected to a sinusoidal external drive with the time period $T$. We develop a theoretical model for the Green function in a large $T$ limit, which predicts that the avalanches are anisotropic and elongated in the oscillation direction. We track the problem numerically and show that the system shows additionally a regime where the avalanches are elongated in the perpendicular direction with respect to the oscillations. We find a transition point between these two regimes. The power spectrum of avalanche size and the grains wasted from the parallel and perpendicular directions are studied. These functions show power-law behaviour in terms of the frequency with exponents, which run with $T$.
Computational Investigation of Half-Heusler Compounds for Spintronics Applications
Creators: name: Ma, Jianhua
name: Hegde, Vinay I.
name: Munira, Kamaram
name: Xie, Yunkun
name: Keshavarz, Sahar
name: Mildebrath, David T.
name: Wolverton, C.
name: Ghosh, Avik W.
name: Butler, W. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first-principles density functional calculations of the electronic structure, magnetism, and structural stability of 378 $\textit{XYZ}$ half-Heusler compounds (with $X=$ Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, $Y=$ Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, $Z=$ Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, Sn, P, As, Sb). We find that a "Slater-Pauling density of states" with a gap or pseudogap at three states per atom below the gap in at least one spin channel is a common feature in half-Heusler compounds. We find that the presence of such a gap at the Fermi energy in one or both spin channels contributes greatly to the stability of a half-Heusler compound. We calculate the formation energy of each compound and systematically investigate its stability against all other phases in the Open Quantum Materials Database (OQMD). We represent the thermodynamic phase stability of each compound as its distance from the convex hull of stable phases in the respective chemical space and show that the hull distance of a compound is a good measure of the likelihood of its experimental synthesis. We identify 26 18-electron semiconductors, 45 half-metals, and 34 near half-metals with negative formation energy, that follow the Slater-Pauling rule of three electrons per atom. Our calculations predict new thermodynamically stable semiconducting phases NiScAs, RhTiP, and RuVAs, which merit further experimental exploration. Further, two interesting zero-moment half-metals, CrMnAs and MnCrAs, are calculated to have negative formation energy. In addition, our calculations predict a number of new, hitherto unreported, semiconducting (e.g., CoVGe, FeVAs), half-metallic (e.g., RhVSb), near half-metallic (e.g., CoFeSb, CoVP) half-Heusler compounds to lie close to the respective convex hull of stable phases, and thus may be experimentally realized under suitable synthesis conditions, resulting in potential candidates for various spintronics applications.
description: 27 pages, 19 figures
Metamorphism and geochemistry of the Willyama Complex, Broken Hill
Creators: name: Phillips., Geoffry Neil
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Quantum color screening in external magnetic field
Creators: name: Huang, Guojun
name: Zhao, Jiaxing
name: Zhuang, Pengfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate color screening mass in a thermalized and magnetized QCD matter in the frame of loop resummation theory without restriction to the magnetic field strength. Our full calculation covers the often used approximations for weak magnetic field at high temperature and strong magnetic field at low temperature. We find that while the magnetic field created in heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC energies is probably the strongest one in nature, its effect on the QCD matter is still weaker in comparison with the high temperature of the fireball, and therefore can safely be treated as a perturbation.
description: 10 pages, 3 figure
Anisotropically Weighted and Nonholonomically Constrained Evolutions on Manifolds
Creators: name: Sommer, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present evolution equations for a family of paths that results from anisotropically weighting curve energies in non-linear statistics of manifold valued data. This situation arises when performing inference on data that have non-trivial covariance and are anisotropic distributed. The family can be interpreted as most probable paths for a driving semi-martingale that through stochastic development is mapped to the manifold. We discuss how the paths are projections of geodesics for a sub-Riemannian metric on the frame bundle of the manifold, and how the curvature of the underlying connection appears in the sub-Riemannian Hamilton-Jacobi equations. Evolution equations for both metric and cometric formulations of the sub-Riemannian metric are derived. We furthermore show how rank-deficient metrics can be mixed with an underlying Riemannian metric, and we relate the paths to geodesics and polynomials in Riemannian geometry. Examples from the family of paths are visualized on embedded surfaces, and we explore computational representations on finite dimensional landmark manifolds with geometry induced from right-invariant metrics on diffeomorphism groups.
A new constraint on primordial lepton flavour asymmetries
Creators: name: Domcke, Valerie
name: Kamada, Kohei
name: Mukaida, Kyohei
name: Schmitz, Kai
name: Yamada, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A chiral chemical potential present in the early universe can source helical hypermagnetic fields through the chiral plasma instability. If these hypermagnetic fields survive until the electroweak phase transition, they source a contribution to the baryon asymmetry of the universe. In this letter, we demonstrate that lepton flavour asymmetries above $|μ|/T \sim 9 \times 10^{-3}$ trigger this mechanism even for vanishing total lepton number. This excludes the possibility of such large lepton flavour asymmetries present at temperatures above $10^6$ GeV, setting a constraint which is about two orders of magnitude stronger than the current CMB and BBN limits.
description: 4 pages, matches journal version
Multilayer modeling of the aureole photometry during the Venus transit: comparison between SDO/HMI and VEx/SOIR data
Creators: name: Pere, C.
name: Tanga, P.
name: Widemann, Th.
name: Bendjoya, Ph.
name: Mahieux, A.
name: Wilquet, V.
name: Vandaele, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mesosphere of Venus is a critical range of altitudes in which complex temperature variability has been extensively studied by the space mission Venus Express (Vex) during its eight-years mission (2006-2014). Data collected at different epochs and latitudes show evidence of short and medium timescale variability as well as latitudinal differences. Spatial and temporal variability is also predicted in mesospheric and thermosphere terminator models with lower boundary conditions at 70 km near cloud tops. The Venus transit on June 5-6 2012 was the first to occur with a spacecraft in orbit around Venus. It has been shown that sunlight refraction in the mesosphere of Venus is able to provide useful constraints on mesospheric temperatures at the time of the transit. The European Space Agency's Venus Express provided space-based observations of Venus during the transit. Simultaneously, the Venus aureole photometry was observed using ground-based facilities and solar telescopes orbiting Earth (NASA Solar Dynamic Observatory, JAXA HINODE). As the properties of spatial and temporal variability of the mesosphere are still debated, the opportunity of observing it at all latitudes at the same time, offered by the transit, is rather unique. In this first paper, we establish new methods for analyzing the photometry of the so-called aureole that is produced by refraction of the solar light, and we investigate the choice of physical models that best reproduce the observations. We obtain an independent constraint of 4.8 +/- 0.5 km for the aerosol scale height in the upper haze region above 80 km. We show that a full multiple-layer approach is required to adequately reproduce the aureole photometry, which appears to be sensitive to several second-order variations in the vertical refractivity.
description: Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press; 9 pages, 8 figures
The Robust running ape: unraveling the deep underpinnings of coordinated human running proficiency
Creators: name: Kiely, John
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 321006
subject: Sport and exercise nutrition

description: In comparison to other mammals, humans are not especially strong, swift or supple. Nevertheless, despite these apparent physical limitations, we are among Natures most superbly well-adapted endurance runners. Paradoxically, however, notwithstanding this evolutionary-bestowed proficiency, running-related injuries, and Overuse syndromes in particular, are widely pervasive. The term ‘coordination’ is similarly ubiquitous within contemporary coaching, conditioning, and rehabilitation cultures. Various theoretical models of coordination exist within the academic literature. However, the specific neural and biological underpinnings of ‘running coordination,’ and the nature of their integration, remain poorly elaborated. Conventionally running is considered a mundane, readily mastered coordination skill. This illusion of coordinative simplicity, however, is founded upon a platform of immense neural and biological complexities. This extensive complexity presents extreme organizational difficulties yet, simultaneously, provides a multiplicity of viable pathways through which the computational and mechanical burden of running can be proficiently dispersed amongst expanded networks of conditioned neural and peripheral tissue collaborators. Learning to adequately harness this available complexity, however, is a painstakingly slowly emerging, practice-driven process, greatly facilitated by innate evolutionary organizing principles serving to constrain otherwise overwhelming complexity to manageable proportions. As we accumulate running experiences persistent plastic remodeling customizes networked neural connectivity and biological tissue properties to best fit our unique neural and architectural idiosyncrasies, and personal histories: thus neural and peripheral tissue plasticity embeds coordination habits. When, however, coordinative processes are compromised—under the integrated influence of fatigue and/or accumulative cycles of injury, overuse, misuse, and disuse—this spectrum of available ‘choice’ dysfunctionally contracts, and our capacity to safely disperse the mechanical ‘stress’ of running progressively diminishes. Now the running work burden falls increasingly on reduced populations of collaborating components. Accordingly our capacity to effectively manage, dissipate and accommodate running-imposed stress diminishes, and vulnerability to Overuse syndromes escalates. Awareness of the deep underpinnings of running coordination enhances conceptual clarity, thereby informing training and rehabilitation insights designed to offset the legacy of excessive or progressively accumulating exposure to running-imposed mechanical stress.
Comment on "Nonstationarity Induced by Long-Time Noise Correlations in the Langevin Equation"
Creators: name: Batrouni, G. George
name: Dias, Cristiano
name: Hansen, Alex
name: Morgado, Rafael
name: Oliveira, Fernando A.
Publisher: name: The American Physical Society
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Physical Review Letters
WOMEN WITH LYMPANGIOLEIOMYOMATOSIS: FROM RESPIRATORY FUNCTION TO SERUM BIOMARKERS ANALYSIS. PHENOTYPING OF A RARE DISEASE.
Creators: name: TERRANEO, SILVIA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2019

description: Lymphangioleiomyiomatosis (LAM) is a rare progressive cystic lung disease that affects almost exclusively women. LAM can occur sporadically, or can be associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC); a rare disorder with multiorgan involvement effecting the brain, kidneys, heart, liver, skin and eyes and is associated with intellectual disability, epilepsy and autism spectrum disorders. Dr.Terraneo PhD project was developed with the aim to expand clinical knowledge about diagnosis and follow up as well as to analyze pathogenic aspect of the development of the disease. As a first step of the PhD project, the association between LAM and other features of TSC (e.g. demography, extrapulmonary manifestations, genetic mutations..) was investigated as well as the role of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) for LAM diagnosis. Our results demonstrate that age, but not PFTs, is independently associated with LAM development in patients with TSC. PFTs, even if indicated to assess impairment in lung function, result feasible in a limited number of patients due to cognitive impairment, and are not significantly useful for LAM diagnosis in women with TSC. Successively, the case of a patients with coexistence of three rare diseases (autoimmune hepatitis/primary biliary cirrhosis overlap syndrome, lymphangioleiomyomatosis/tuberous sclerosis complex (LAM-TSC), and sarcoidosis) was described. We speculated that the dysregulation of the pathway involving mTOR and MAPK and their interaction might play a role in the pathogenesis of diseases other than TSC, including sarcoidosis. In the last part of PhD project, the serum levels of VEGF-D, VEGF-C, MMP-2 and MMP-7 were assessed in a cohort of patients affected with S-LAM and TSC with and without LAM. Our results showed that VEGF-D, MMP-2 and MMP7 were higher in patients with LAM than in patients without. VEGF-D was confirmed as the biomarkers with the highest accuracy for LAM diagnosis. MMP-2 and MMP-7 could be a promising biomarker of LAM.