Orchis morio subsp. champagneuxii (Barn.) Camus 1929
Creators: name: D. M. Moore (Ed.)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1980
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Orchis
Orchis morio
Champagneuxii (barn.) camus
Orchis longicornu
Orchis coriophora
Coriophora
Fragrans (poll ini) sudre
Martrinii (timb. -Lagr.) nyman
Orchis sancta
Orchis ustulata
Orchis tridentata
Tridentata
Commutata (tod.) nyman
Orchis lactea
Orchis italica
Orchis simia

description: (c) Subsp.champagneuxii (Barn.) Camus, Icon. Orchid. Eur. 154 (1929) (O. champagneuxii Barn.): Tubers 3 (1 subsessile, 2 long-stipitate). Outer perianth-segments 6-8 mm. Labellum plicate. Spur clavate, wider towards apex, truncate or emarginate, shorter than to as long as ovary. • S. W. Europe. 4. O. longicornu Poiret, Voy. Barb. 2: 247 (1789). Tubers subglobose, shortly stipitate. Stem 10-30 cm, erect, with basal rosette of leaves, and with crowded sheaths above. Leaves oblong-lanceolate. Spike shortly oblong, rarely cylindrical, rather dense, the basal flowers opening first. Bracts lanceolate, with several veins, about as long as ovary. All perianth-segments convergent into a galea; outer c. 6 mm, oblong, white or pale pink; inner somewhat smaller, white. Labellum about as wide as long, broadly reniform, purplish-violet, minutely punctulate, shallowly 3-lobed; middle lobe broadly triangular, usually somewhat shorter than the lateral. Spur c. 16 mm, cylindrical, becoming clavate and wider towards the apex, patent or some­ what curved upwards, much longer than labellum. 2n = 36. W. Mediterranean region. B 1 Co Ga It?Lu Sa Si. 5. O. coriophora L., Sp. PI. 940 (1753). Tubers subglobose or ellipsoid. Stem 15-40 cm, erect, with 4-7 leaves below and sheaths above. Leaves linear to narrowly lanceolate. Spike oblong or cylindrical, dense. Bracts lanceolate, 1 -veined, as long as or longer than ovary. All perianth-segments convergent into a galea; outer 5-10 mm, ovate-lanceolate or oblong, acute or acuminate, the inner somewhat longer; galea violet-brown. Labellum longer than wide, purplish-green, without spots, 3- lobed; lateral lobes sub-rhombic, entire, crenate or denticulate; middle lobe oblong, entire. Spur conical, directed downwards, slightly incurved towards the apex, to twice as long as ovary. In—36. S., C. &amp; E. Europe, northwards to Belgium and Lithuania. Al Au Be B 1 Bu Co Cr Cz Ga Ge Gr He fHo Hs Hu It Ju Lu Po Rm Rs (B, C, W, K, E) Sa Si Tu.1 Spur 1 /2as long as labellum (a) subsp.coriophora1 Spur as long as or longer than labellum 2 Labellum (6-)8-10 mm; flowers fragrant or inodorous (b) <i>subsp</i>. fragrans 2 Labellum 5-6(-8) <i>mm</i>; flowers fetid (c) subsp.martrinii (a) Subsp.coriophora: Galea acute. Labellum 6-8 mm, the middle lobe scarcely longer than the lateral. Spur 1 /2as long as labellum. Flowers fetid. Throughout the range of the species except for parts of the Mediterranean region. (b) Subsp.fragrans (Poll ini) Sudre, FI. Toulous. 187 (1907): Galea acuminate. Labellum (6-)8-10 mm, the middle lobe distinctly longer than the lateral. Spur about as long as or longer than labellum. Flowers fragrant (rarely inodorous). 2n= 20,38. S., S. C. &amp; S. E. Europe. (c) Subsp.martrinii (Timb. -Lagr.) Nyman, Consp. 691 (1882) (inch O.coriophora var. carpetana Willk.): Like subsp. (b) but labellum 5-6(-8)mm; spur about twice as long as labellum; flowers fetid. W. C. Spain and Portugal. 6. O. sancta L., Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1242 (1759). Like 5 but stem with a rosette of leaves clasping the base, with sheaths above; leaves oblong-lanceolate; lower bracts 3- to 5-veined; flowers larger, pale lilac; perianth-segments 9-12 mm, long- acuminate; labellum with lateral lobes acutely dentate to sinu- ately serrate, the middle lobe entire or denticulate; spur sub- hamate-incurved, strongly narrowed towards the apex. Islands of Aegean region. Cr Gr. 7 7. O. ustulata L., Sp. PI. 941 (1753). Tubers subglobose or ellipsoid. Stem 12—35 cm, erect, with 2-3 basal leaves, 1 -3 leaves in the lower half and sheaths above. Leaves oblong. Spike ovoid, becoming cylindrical, dense. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, 1 -veined, shorter than to about as long as ovary. All perianth- segments convergent into a galea; outer 3-3-5 mm, ovate, brownish-purple on outer surface; inner narrowly oblong, pink. Labellum 4-8 mm, longer than wide, white or pale pink with purple spots, 3-lobed; middle lobe dilated at apex, 2-lobed, rarely entire; lateral lobes oblong, obtuse. Spur cylindrical, directed downwards, as long as ovary. In = 42. From N. England and the Leningrad region southwards to N. Spain, S. Italy, Macedonia and C. Ukraine. Al Au Be Br Bu Cz Da Ga Ge Gr He |H o Hs Hu It Ju Po Rm Rs (?N, B, C, W, E) Su. 8. O. tridentata Scop., FI. Cam. ed. 2, 2: 190 (1772). Tubers ellipsoid or ovoid. Stem 15-45 cm, erect, with 3-4 leaves at or above the base, and with sheaths above. Leaves oblong. Spike conical at first, becoming ovoid. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 1 -veined, shorter than to about as long as ovary. Flowers pale violet-lilac. All perianth-segments convergent into a galea; outer ovate or ovate-oblong; inner oblong. Labellum longer than wide, with purple spots, 3-lobed; lateral lobes oblong, truncate, oblique and denticulate at apex; middle lobe twice as long as the lateral, cuneate-obovate, emarginate, with 2 obliquely square lobules, often with apiculum in sinus. Spur cylindrical, directed downwards, 4 as long as ovary. 2n = 42. C. &amp; S. Europe. Al Au Bl Bu Co Cr Cz Ga Ge Gr He Hs Hu It Ju Lu Po Rm Rs (K.) Sa Si Tu. (a) Subsp.tridentata: Plant often robust. Spike dense. Outer perianth-segments 6-8(-10)mm, acute. Labellum 6-9 mm, the middle lobe entire at apex. Throughout much of the range of the species, but absent from the Mediterranean region. (b) Subsp.commutata (Tod.) Nyman, Consp. 691 (1882): Plant often slender. Spike lax. Outer perianth-segments 8-10 (-12) mm, acuminate. Labellum 8-10 mm, the middle lobe sometimes denticulate at apex. S. &amp; S. C. Europe. 9. O. lactea Poiret in Lam., Encycl. Méth. Bot. 4: 594 (1798). Like 8 but stem 7-20 cm; flowers white or greenish-pink; label­ lum with squarish-oblong or linear lobes and orbicular-obovate middle lobe, denticulate at apex, usually not emarginate; spur sometimes longer than ovary. 2n = 42. Mediterranean region and Balkan peninsula. Bu Co Cr Ga Gr Hs It Ju Sa Si Tu. 10. O. italica Poiret in Lam., op. cit. 600 (1798) (O. longi- cruris Link). Tubers ovoid or ellipsoid. Stem 20-40 cm, erect or slightly flexuous, with 5-8 leaves in basal rosette and with sheaths above. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, with undulate margin. Spike conical at first, becoming globose or ovoid. Bracts ovate, 1 -veined, £—$• as long as ovary. Perianth-segments c. 10 mm, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, all convergent into a galea; galea pale pink-lilac with purple veins. Labellum 12-16 mm, longer than wide, pink, often with purple spots, 3-lobed; lateral lobes linear, acute; middle lobe divided into 2 acute, elongate-linear lobules, with short, narrowly linear laciniae between; all segments more or less flat; base of labellum with 2 triangular lamellae, scarcely papillose. Spur cylindrical, directed down­ wards, 1 /2as long as ovary. 2n = 42. Mediterranean region, C. &amp; S. Portugal. ?A 1 Bl Cr Gr Hs It Ju Lu Si. 11. O. simia Lam., Fl. Fr. 3: 507 (1779). Tubers ovoid or ellipsoid. Stem 20-45 cm, erect or subflexuous, with 3-5 leaves near base or in lower half and with sheaths above. Leaves oblong-lanceolate or -ovate, flat. Spike ovoid or broadly cylindrical. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, usually 1 /2 as long as ovary. Perianth-segments c. 10 mm, ovate-lanceolate or oblong, acuminate, all convergent into a galea; galea pale greyish-pink. Labellum 14-16 mm, longer than wide, pinkish-purple with purple spots, 3-lobed; lateral lobes linear, obtuse; middle lobe divided into 2 narrowly linear, obtuse lobules, with short teeth between; all segments subfalcate; base of labellum without lamellae, minutely papillose. Spur cylindrical, directed down­ wards, -j as long as ovary. 2n=42.| S. &amp; W. Europe, northwards to S. England and S. W. Hungary. ?A 1 Be Br Bu Cr Ga Ge Gr He Ho Hs Hu It Ju Rm Rs (K) Tu. • S. W. Europe. 4. O. longicornu Poiret, Voy. Barb. 2: 247 (1789). Tubers subglobose, shortly stipitate. Stem 10-30 cm, erect, with basal rosette of leaves, and with crowded sheaths above. Leaves oblong-lanceolate. Spike shortly oblong, rarely cylindrical, rather dense, the basal flowers opening first. Bracts lanceolate, with several veins, about as long as ovary. All perianth-segments convergent into a galea; outer c. 6 mm, oblong, white or pale pink; inner somewhat smaller, white. Labellum about as wide as long, broadly reniform, purplish-violet, minutely punctulate, shallowly 3-lobed; middle lobe broadly triangular, usually somewhat shorter than the lateral. Spur c. 16 mm, cylindrical, becoming clavate and wider towards the apex, patent or some­ what curved upwards, much longer than labellum. 2n = 36. W. Mediterranean region. B 1 Co Ga It?Lu Sa Si. 5. O. coriophora L., Sp. PI. 940 (1753). Tubers subglobose or ellipsoid. Stem 15-40 cm, erect, with 4-7 leaves below and sheaths above. Leaves linear to narrowly lanceolate. Spike oblong or cylindrical, dense. Bracts lanceolate, 1 -veined, as long as or longer than ovary. All perianth-segments convergent into a galea; outer 5-10 mm, ovate-lanceolate or oblong, acute or acuminate, the inner somewhat longer; galea violet-brown. Labellum longer than wide, purplish-green, without spots, 3- lobed; lateral lobes sub-rhombic, entire, crenate or denticulate; middle lobe oblong, entire. Spur conical, directed downwards, slightly incurved towards the apex, to twice as long as ovary. In—36. S., C. &amp; E. Europe, northwards to Belgium and Lithuania. Al Au Be B 1 Bu Co Cr Cz Ga Ge Gr He fHo Hs Hu It Ju Lu Po Rm Rs (B, C, W, K, E) Sa Si Tu.1 Spur 1 /2as long as labellum (a) subsp.coriophora1 Spur as long as or longer than labellum 2 Labellum (6-)8-10 mm; flowers fragrant or inodorous (b) <i>subsp</i>. fragrans 2 Labellum 5-6(-8) <i>mm</i>; flowers fetid (c) subsp.martrinii (a) Subsp.coriophora: Galea acute. Labellum 6-8 mm, the middle lobe scarcely longer than the lateral. Spur 1 /2as long as labellum. Flowers fetid. Throughout the range of the species except for parts of the Mediterranean region. (b) Subsp.fragrans (Poll ini) Sudre, FI. Toulous. 187 (1907): Galea acuminate. Labellum (6-)8-10 mm, the middle lobe distinctly longer than the lateral. Spur about as long as or longer than labellum. Flowers fragrant (rarely inodorous). 2n= 20,38. S., S. C. &amp; S. E. Europe. (c) Subsp.martrinii (Timb. -Lagr.) Nyman, Consp. 691 (1882) (inch O.coriophora var. carpetana Willk.): Like subsp. (b) but labellum 5-6(-8)mm; spur about twice as long as labellum; flowers fetid. W. C. Spain and Portugal. 6. O. sancta L., Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1242 (1759). Like 5 but stem with a rosette of leaves clasping the base, with sheaths above; leaves oblong-lanceolate; lower bracts 3- to 5-veined; flowers larger, pale lilac; perianth-segments 9-12 mm, long- acuminate; labellum with lateral lobes acutely dentate to sinu- ately serrate, the middle lobe entire or denticulate; spur sub- hamate-incurved, strongly narrowed towards the apex. Islands of Aegean region. Cr Gr. 7 7. O. ustulata L., Sp. PI. 941 (1753). Tubers subglobose or ellipsoid. Stem 12—35 cm, erect, with 2-3 basal leaves, 1 -3 leaves in the lower half and sheaths above. Leaves oblong. Spike ovoid, becoming cylindrical, dense. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, 1 -veined, shorter than to about as long as ovary. All perianth- segments convergent into a galea; outer 3-3-5 mm, ovate, brownish-purple on outer surface; inner narrowly oblong, pink. Labellum 4-8 mm, longer than wide, white or pale pink with purple spots, 3-lobed; middle lobe dilated at apex, 2-lobed, rarely entire; lateral lobes oblong, obtuse. Spur cylindrical, directed downwards, as long as ovary. In = 42. From N. England and the Leningrad region southwards to N. Spain, S. Italy, Macedonia and C. Ukraine. Al Au Be Br Bu Cz Da Ga Ge Gr He |H o Hs Hu It Ju Po Rm Rs (?N, B, C, W, E) Su. 8. O. tridentata Scop., FI. Cam. ed. 2, 2: 190 (1772). Tubers ellipsoid or ovoid. Stem 15-45 cm, erect, with 3-4 leaves at or above the base, and with sheaths above. Leaves oblong. Spike conical at first, becoming ovoid. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 1 -veined, shorter than to about as long as ovary. Flowers pale violet-lilac. All perianth-segments convergent into a galea; outer ovate or ovate-oblong; inner oblong. Labellum longer than wide, with purple spots, 3-lobed; lateral lobes oblong, truncate, oblique and denticulate at apex; middle lobe twice as long as the lateral, cuneate-obovate, emarginate, with 2 obliquely square lobules, often with apiculum in sinus. Spur cylindrical, directed downwards, 4 as long as ovary. 2n = 42. C. &amp; S. Europe. Al Au Bl Bu Co Cr Cz Ga Ge Gr He Hs Hu It Ju Lu Po Rm Rs (K.) Sa Si Tu. (a) Subsp.tridentata: Plant often robust. Spike dense. Outer perianth-segments 6-8(-10)mm, acute. Labellum 6-9 mm, the middle lobe entire at apex. Throughout much of the range of the species, but absent from the Mediterranean region. (b) Subsp.commutata (Tod.) Nyman, Consp. 691 (1882): Plant often slender. Spike lax. Outer perianth-segments 8-10 (-12) mm, acuminate. Labellum 8-10 mm, the middle lobe sometimes denticulate at apex. S. &amp; S. C. Europe. 9. O. lactea Poiret in Lam., Encycl. Méth. Bot. 4: 594 (1798). Like 8 but stem 7-20 cm; flowers white or greenish-pink; label­ lum with squarish-oblong or linear lobes and orbicular-obovate middle lobe, denticulate at apex, usually not emarginate; spur sometimes longer than ovary. 2n = 42. Mediterranean region and Balkan peninsula. Bu Co Cr Ga Gr Hs It Ju Sa Si Tu. 10. O. italica Poiret in Lam., op. cit. 600 (1798) (O. longi- cruris Link). Tubers ovoid or ellipsoid. Stem 20-40 cm, erect or slightly flexuous, with 5-8 leaves in basal rosette and with sheaths above. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, with undulate margin. Spike conical at first, becoming globose or ovoid. Bracts ovate, 1 -veined, £—$• as long as ovary. Perianth-segments c. 10 mm, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, all convergent into a galea; galea pale pink-lilac with purple veins. Labellum 12-16 mm, longer than wide, pink, often with purple spots, 3-lobed; lateral lobes linear, acute; middle lobe divided into 2 acute, elongate-linear lobules, with short, narrowly linear laciniae between; all segments more or less flat; base of labellum with 2 triangular lamellae, scarcely papillose. Spur cylindrical, directed down­ wards, 1 /2as long as ovary. 2n = 42. Mediterranean region, C. &amp; S. Portugal. ?A 1 Bl Cr Gr Hs It Ju Lu Si. 11. O. simia Lam., Fl. Fr. 3: 507 (1779). Tubers ovoid or ellipsoid. Stem 20-45 cm, erect or subflexuous, with 3-5 leaves near base or in lower half and with sheaths above. Leaves oblong-lanceolate or -ovate, flat. Spike ovoid or broadly cylindrical. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, usually 1 /2 as long as ovary. Perianth-segments c. 10 mm, ovate-lanceolate or oblong, acuminate, all convergent into a galea; galea pale greyish-pink. Labellum 14-16 mm, longer than wide, pinkish-purple with purple spots, 3-lobed; lateral lobes linear, obtuse; middle lobe divided into 2 narrowly linear, obtuse lobules, with short teeth between; all segments subfalcate; base of labellum without lamellae, minutely papillose. Spur cylindrical, directed down­ wards, -j as long as ovary. 2n=42.| S. &amp; W. Europe, northwards to S. England and S. W. Hungary. ?A 1 Be Br Bu Cr Ga Ge Gr He Ho Hs Hu It Ju Rm Rs (K) Tu. W. Mediterranean region. B 1 Co Ga It?Lu Sa Si. 5. O. coriophora L., Sp. PI. 940 (1753). Tubers subglobose or ellipsoid. Stem 15-40 cm, erect, with 4-7 leaves below and sheaths above. Leaves linear to narrowly lanceolate. Spike oblong or cylindrical, dense. Bracts lanceolate, 1 -veined, as long as or longer than ovary. All perianth-segments convergent into a galea; outer 5-10 mm, ovate-lanceolate or oblong, acute or acuminate, the inner somewhat longer; galea violet-brown. Labellum longer than wide, purplish-green, without spots, 3- lobed; lateral lobes sub-rhombic, entire, crenate or denticulate; middle lobe oblong, entire. Spur conical, directed downwards, slightly incurved towards the apex, to twice as long as ovary. In—36. S., C. &amp; E. Europe, northwards to Belgium and Lithuania. Al Au Be B 1 Bu Co Cr Cz Ga Ge Gr He fHo Hs Hu It Ju Lu Po Rm Rs (B, C, W, K, E) Sa Si Tu.1 Spur 1 /2as long as labellum (a) subsp.coriophora1 Spur as long as or longer than labellum 2 Labellum (6-)8-10 mm; flowers fragrant or inodorous (b) <i>subsp</i>. fragrans 2 Labellum 5-6(-8) <i>mm</i>; flowers fetid (c) subsp.martrinii (a) Subsp.coriophora: Galea acute. Labellum 6-8 mm, the middle lobe scarcely longer than the lateral. Spur 1 /2as long as labellum. Flowers fetid. Throughout the range of the species except for parts of the Mediterranean region. (b) Subsp.fragrans (Poll ini) Sudre, FI. Toulous. 187 (1907): Galea acuminate. Labellum (6-)8-10 mm, the middle lobe distinctly longer than the lateral. Spur about as long as or longer than labellum. Flowers fragrant (rarely inodorous). 2n= 20,38. S., S. C. &amp; S. E. Europe. (c) Subsp.martrinii (Timb. -Lagr.) Nyman, Consp. 691 (1882) (inch O.coriophora var. carpetana Willk.): Like subsp. (b) but labellum 5-6(-8)mm; spur about twice as long as labellum; flowers fetid. W. C. Spain and Portugal. 6. O. sancta L., Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 1242 (1759). Like 5 but stem with a rosette of leaves clasping the base, with sheaths above; leaves oblong-lanceolate; lower bracts 3- to 5-veined; flowers larger, pale lilac; perianth-segments 9-12 mm, long- acuminate; labellum with lateral lobes acutely dentate to sinu- ately serrate, the middle lobe entire or denticulate; spur sub- hamate-incurved, strongly narrowed towards the apex. Islands of Aegean region. Cr Gr. 7 7. O. ustulata L., Sp. PI. 941 (1753). Tubers subglobose or ellipsoid. Stem 12—35 cm, erect, with 2-3 basal leaves, 1 -3 leaves in the lower half and sheaths above. Leaves oblong. Spike ovoid, becoming cylindrical, dense. Bracts ovate-lanceolate, 1 -veined, shorter than to about as long as ovary. All perianth- segments convergent into a galea; outer 3-3-5 mm, ovate, brownish-purple on outer surface; inner narrowly oblong, pink. Labellum 4-8 mm, longer than wide, white or pale pink with purple spots, 3-lobed; middle lobe dilated at apex, 2-lobed, rarely entire; lateral lobes oblong, obtuse. Spur cylindrical, directed downwards, as long as ovary. In = 42. From N. England and the Leningrad region southwards to N. Spain, S. Italy, Macedonia and C. Ukraine. Al Au Be Br Bu Cz Da Ga Ge Gr He |H o Hs Hu It Ju Po Rm Rs (?N, B, C, W, E) Su. 8. O. tridentata Scop., FI. Cam. ed. 2, 2: 190 (1772). Tubers ellipsoid or ovoid. Stem 15-45 cm, erect, with 3-4 leaves at or above the base, and with sheaths above. Leaves oblong. Spike conical at first, becoming ovoid. Bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 1 -veined, shorter than to about as long as ovary. Flowers pale violet-lilac. All perianth-segments convergent into a galea; outer ovate or ovate-oblong; inner oblong. Labellum longer than wide, with purple spots, 3-lobed; lateral lobes oblong, truncate, oblique and denticulate at apex; middle lobe twice as long as the lateral, cuneate-obovate, emarginate, with 2 obliquely square lobules, often with apiculum in sinus. Spur cylindrical, directed downwards, 4 as long as ovary. 2n = 42. C. &amp; S. Europe. Al Au Bl Bu Co Cr Cz Ga Ge Gr He Hs Hu It Ju Lu Po Rm Rs (K.) Sa Si Tu. (a) Subsp.tridentata: Plant often robust. Spike dense. Outer perianth-segments 6-8(-10)mm, acute. Labellum 6-9 mm, the middle lobe entire at apex. Throughout much of the range of the species, but absent from the Mediterranean region. (b) Subsp.commutata (Tod.) Nyman, Consp. 691 (1882): Plant often slender. Spike lax. Outer perianth-segments 8-10 (-12) mm, acuminate. Labellum 8-10 mm, the middle lobe sometimes denticulate at apex. S. &amp; S. C. Europe. 9. O. lactea Poiret in Lam., Encycl. Méth. Bot. 4: 594 (1798). Like 8 but stem 7-20 cm; flowers white or greenish-pink; label­ lum with squarish-oblong or linear lobes and orbicular-obovate middle
description: Published as part of <i>D. M. Moore (ed.), 1980, CCIII Orchidaceae, pp. 325-350 in Flora Europaea, Vol 5: Alismataceae to Orchidaceae, Camebridge :Cambridge University Press</i> on pages 338-340, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.215522