cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
B-Vitamin Intake, One-Carbon Metabolism, and Survival in a Population-Based Study of Women with Breast Cancer
Creators: name: Bradshaw, Patrick T.
name: Gammon, Marilie D.
name: Santella, Regina M.
name: Wetmur, James G.
name: Chen, Jia
name: Neugut, Alfred I.
name: Xu, Xinran
name: Teitelbaum, Susan L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality among women. Given its important role in DNA methylation and synthesis, one-carbon metabolism may affect breast cancer mortality. We utilized a population-based cohort of 1,508 women with breast cancer to investigate possible associations of dietary intake of B vitamins prior to diagnosis as well as 9 polymorphisms of one-carbon metabolizing genes and subsequent survival. Women newly diagnosed with a first primary breast cancer in 1996-1997 were followed for vital status for an average of 5.6 years. Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were used to evaluate the association between dietary intakes of B vitamins (1479 cases), genotypes (∼1065 cases) and all-cause as well as breast cancer-specific mortality. We found that higher dietary intake of vitamin B1 and B3 was associated with improved survival during the follow-up period (p for trend = 0.01 and 0.04, respectively). Compared to the major genotype, the MTHFR 677 T allele carriers have reduced all-cause mortality and breast cancer-specific mortality in a dominant model [HR and 95% CI: 0.69(0.49-0.98) and 0.58 (0.38-0.89), respectively). The BHMT 742 A allele was also associated with reduced all-cause mortality [HR 0.70(0.50-1.00)]. ER/PR status modified the association between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and survival (p=0.05). The survival associations with one-carbon polymorphisms did not differ with the use of chemotherapy, although study power was limited for examining such effect modification. Our results indicate that one-carbon metabolism may be an important pathway that could be targeted to improve breast cancer survival.
(401860) Edward Peebles
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Characterizing the performance of two C-RED ONE cameras for implementation in RISTRETTO and SAXO+ projects
Creators: name: Shinde, Muskan
name: Baron, Jana Anouk
name: Blind, Nicolas
name: Hagelberg, Janis
name: Lovis, Christophe
name: Wildi, François
name: Ségransan, Damien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the near-infrared wavelength regime, atmospheric turbulence fluctuates at a scale of a few milliseconds, and its precise control requires the use of extreme adaptive optics (XAO) systems equipped with fast and sensitive detectors operating at kHz speeds. The C-RED One cameras developed by First Light Imaging (FLI), based on SAPHIRA detectors made of HgCdTe e-APD array sensitive to 0.8-2.5 $μ$m light, featuring a 320x256 pixels with 24 $μ$m pitch, offering sub-electron readout noise and the ability to read subarrays, at frame-rates of up to few 10-kHz, are state-of-the-art for XAO wavefront sensing. The Observatory of Geneva purchased two C-RED One cameras identified as necessary for RISTRETTO (a proposed high-contrast high-resolution spectrograph for the VLT) and SAXO+ (an upgrade of the VLT/SPHERE XAO system) projects. We present a comprehensive characterization and comparative analysis of both the cameras. We present test results examining key noise contributors, including readout noise, detector bias, etc. And we also study their temporal variability. Additionally, we assess the conversion gain and the avalanche gain calibration of the detector. We also study the evolution some of these parameters over time.
description: 14 pages, 16 figures, SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, 2024, Yokohama, Japan
Distinguishing Standard Model Extensions using Monotop Chirality at the LHC
Creators: name: Allahverdi, Rouzbeh
name: Dalchenko, Mykhailo
name: Dutta, Bhaskar
name: Flórez, Andrés
name: Gao, Yu
name: Kamon, Teruki
name: Kolev, Nikolay
name: Mueller, Ryan
name: Segura, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two minimal extensions of the standard model, each giving rise to baryogenesis. They include heavy color-triplet scalars interacting with a light Majorana fermion that can be the dark matter (DM) candidate. The electroweak charges of the new scalars govern their couplings to quarks of different chirality, which leads to different collider signals. These models predict monotop events at the LHC and the energy spectrum of decay products of highly polarized top quarks can be used to establish the chiral nature of the interactions involving the heavy scalars and the DM. Detailed simulation of signal and standard model background events is performed, showing that top quark chirality can be distinguished in hadronic and leptonic decays of the top quarks.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables. New authors added; Standard model background analysis and model discrimination prospects included
title: Craniometry and imaging markers of the craniovertebral junction
Creators: name: Sá Silva, José
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: CNS
subject: Head and neck
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Plain radiographic studies
subject: Education
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To understand the anatomy of the craniovertebral junction (CVJ) and to learn objective methods of evaluation of this anatomical segment in different imaging techniques. Apply radiographic lines and angles to evaluate normal morphology at the CVJ and...
(401861) Rosa Peebles
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
RISTRETTO: a comparative performance analysis of the unmodulated Pyramid wavefront sensor and the Zernike wavefront sensor
Creators: name: Shinde, Muskan
name: Blind, Nicolas
name: Lovis, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The RISTRETTO instrument, a proposed visible high-contrast, high-resolution spectrograph for the VLT, has the primary science goal of detecting reflected light from nearby exoplanets and characterizing their atmospheres. Specifically, it aims to atmospherically characterize Proxima b, our closest temperate rocky exoplanet, located $37 mas$ from its host star, corresponding to $2λ/D$ at $λ=750 nm$. To achieve this goal, a raw contrast of less than $10^{-4}$ at $2λ/D$ and a Strehl ratio greater than 70% are required, necessitating an extreme adaptive optics system (XAO) for the spectrograph. To meet the performance requirements for RISTRETTO, high sensitivity to low-order wavefront aberrations and petal modes is essential. Therefore, unmodulated Pyramid wavefront sensors (PWFS) and Zernike wavefront sensors (ZWFS) are under consideration. However, these sensors exhibit non-linearities and have a limited dynamic range, requiring different strategies to optimize their performance. The dynamic range of the sensors increases at longer wavelengths. Thus, in this study, we compare the performance of the 3-sided unmodulated PWFS, the 4-sided unmodulated PWFS, and the Zerniike WFS at different wavelengths in the visible and near-infrared regime.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, 2024, Yokohama, Japan
Causality on Cross-Sectional Data: Stable Specification Search in Constrained Structural Equation Modeling
Creators: name: Rahmadi, Ridho
name: Groot, Perry
name: Heins, Marianne
name: Knoop, Hans
name: Heskes, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Causal modeling has long been an attractive topic for many researchers and in recent decades there has seen a surge in theoretical development and discovery algorithms. Generally discovery algorithms can be divided into two approaches: constraint-based and score-based. The constraint-based approach is able to detect common causes of the observed variables but the use of independence tests makes it less reliable. The score-based approach produces a result that is easier to interpret as it also measures the reliability of the inferred causal relationships, but it is unable to detect common confounders of the observed variables. A drawback of both score-based and constrained-based approaches is the inherent instability in structure estimation. With finite samples small changes in the data can lead to completely different optimal structures. The present work introduces a new hypothesis-free score-based causal discovery algorithm, called stable specification search, that is robust for finite samples based on recent advances in stability selection using subsampling and selection algorithms. Structure search is performed over Structural Equation Models. Our approach uses exploratory search but allows incorporation of prior background knowledge. We validated our approach on one simulated data set, which we compare to the known ground truth, and two real-world data sets for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, which we compare to earlier medical studies. The results on the simulated data set show significant improvement over alternative approaches and the results on the real-word data sets show consistency with the hypothesis driven models constructed by medical experts.
Trama Epistemológica: Entretecendo o Conhecimento Científico
Creators: name: ROZEIRA, Carlos Henrique Barbosa
name: ROZEIRA, Carlos Felipe Barbosa
name: SILVA, Marcos Fernandes da
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Método Científico-Epistemológico
Subjetividade
Epistemologia
Ciência Clássica
Complexidade
Interdisciplinaridade
Fundamentos

description: Este artigo explora a intrigada jornada do método científico-epistemológico, em que pesquisadores se assemelham a artesãos da razão, entrelaçando os fios do conhecimento com astúcia cultural. Ao contrário de seguir padrões predefinidos, a imprevisibilidade permeia cada aspecto dessa jornada. O pesquisador, ao delinear os caminhos para diversos resultados, se apoia em uma estrutura metodológica, refletindo também aspectos epistemológicos. A atração da jornada reside na habilidade de planejar com antecedência, mas a flexibilidade de ajustar o percurso diante de novos dados e perspectivas é igualmente valiosa. Em vez de um curso linear, abraçamos a dança da incerteza, onde cada observação, hipótese e experimento compõem uma sinfonia de descoberta. Este texto reflete sobre a essência da pesquisa científica, abordando inquietações metodológicas contemporâneas e ressaltando a importância da interseção entre subjetividade e epistemologia. A reflexão sobre a metodologia nos convida a compreender um mundo marcado por avanços científicos e tecnológicos, mas também a enfrentar desafios urgentes, como a crescente taxa de suicídios. Reconhece-se que o conhecimento científico não abrange toda a complexidade da vida humana, e outras dimensões do saber sinergicamente oferecem soluções moldadoras. A abordagem metodológica aqui apresentada ressalta a necessidade de pluralidade para o avanço científico e questiona a relação entre os saberes das Ciências Naturais e Sociais. Além disso, pondera sobre a busca por equilíbrio entre os diversos saberes e destaca a importância do tratamento não cumulativo do conhecimento. Esta reflexão culmina em uma chamada à ampliação da solidariedade, do diálogo e da disseminação do conhecimento, visando transformações nas esferas cultural, social, econômica e individual. A pesquisa também destaca a complementaridade das abordagens científicas, enfatizando a necessidade de considerar tanto o Método Científico-Epistemológico quanto a Análise Qualitativa para uma compreensão completa dos fenômenos investigados. Ao entender a diversidade de métodos como um enriquecimento para o corpo de conhecimento científico, somos capazes de promover uma investigação mais robusta e enriquecedora.
Una dinastia di artisti "de Florentia" in Liguria: Raffaello, Giulio e Orazio De Rossi (1510-1626).
Creators: name: CASAMURATA, MARCO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Genova
Year: 2020

description: La tesi ha come oggetto lo studio monografico di una famiglia di pittori di origine fiorentina attiva in Liguria, in particolare nel Ponente, entro una vasta area compresa tra Genova e Ventimiglia, con alcune puntate nel Basso Piemonte occidentale, a partire dall?inizio del Cinquecento fino al primo quarto del secolo successivo. L?attenzione si � focalizzata sulla ricostruzione delle vicende biografiche, operata attraverso il sondaggio e la rilettura delle fonti d?archivio, del capostipite Raffaello De Rossi (notizie 1510-1572), attestato per la prima volta a Genova nel 1514 ma gi� attivo nel finalese quattro anni prima, del figlio Giulio (notizie 1551-1591) e del nipote Orazio (notizie dal 1581-Genova 1626). Parimenti si � proceduto a una riconsiderazione critica della loro attivit� alla luce delle testimonianze figurative ad oggi conservatesi. L?obbiettivo � quello di riabilitare una bottega di artisti contraddistinta da una vicenda critica articolata e frammentata (per molto tempo la loro eterogenea produzione � confluita sotto il generico pseudonimo di ?Pancalino? prima di essergli correttamente restituita solo all?inizio degli anni Novanta del secolo scorso), rintracciando le matrici culturali del loro linguaggio e i loro rapporti col panorama artistico locale. Il lavoro si correda di alcune appendici, quali un aggiornato catalogo ragionato del corpus delle opere, un regesto cronologico e una sezione dedicata alla trascrizione degli atti d?arte. A completare significativamente il senso e le intenzioni della ricerca � chiamato l?apparato iconografico, parzialmente frutto di una campagna svolta per l?occasione che ha prodotto, in alcuni casi per la prima volta, documentazione fotografica di alta qualit� in relazione ad un patrimonio altrimenti non facilmente fruibile
Colorectal Adenomas in a Randomized Folate Trial: The Role of Baseline Dietary and Circulating Folate Levels
Creators: name: Baron, John A.
name: Bond, John
name: Bresalier, Robert S.
name: Levine, A. Joan
name: Ahnen, Dennis J.
name: Grau, Maria V.
name: Summers, Robert W.
name: Figueiredo, Jane C.
name: Barry, Elizabeth L.
name: Haile, Robert W.
name: Ueland, Per M.
name: Byers, Tim
name: Sandler, Robert S.
name: McKeown-Eyssen, Gail E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The Aspirin/Folate Polyp Prevention Study is a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of aspirin use and folic acid supplementation and incidence of colorectal adenomas in individuals with a history of these lesions. The trial showed that folic acid supplementation does not prevent the occurrence of new adenomas and may increase risk. We extend these results by investigating whether the effect of folic acid treatment differed by baseline dietary and circulating folate levels. Diet and supplement use were ascertained at baseline through a food-frequency questionnaire; a blood sample was used to determine plasma and red blood cell (RBC) folate levels. Individuals were followed for 3 years (1st follow up) and subsequently for an additional 3-5 years (2nd follow up). We used generalized linear regression to estimate risk ratios and 95% confidence limits as measures of association. There was little evidence that baseline dietary and total folate intake, and plasma and RBC folate modified the association between folic acid treatment and risk of any adenomas or advanced lesions. However, there was a protective association of the highest tertile of dietary and total intake as well as circulating folate with risk of any adenomas among those in the placebo group, but no association among individuals in the folic acid group. Our findings support the idea that while moderate doses of folate may be protective compared to deficiency, at some point of sufficiency supplementation provides no additional benefit.
Congenital Abnormalities and Acute Leukemia among Children with Down Syndrome: A Children's Oncology Group Study
Creators: name: Heerema, Nyla A.
name: Ross, Julie A.
name: Olshan, Andrew F.
name: Gamis, Alan S.
name: Blair, Cindy K.
name: Linabery, Amy M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Children with Down syndrome, due to their heightened risk of leukemia and increased prevalence of congenital abnormalities, comprise a valuable population in which to study etiology. A Children’s Oncology Group study investigated the causes of childhood leukemia in children with Down syndrome diagnosed at ages 0 to 19 years during the period 1997–2002. Telephone interviews were completed with mothers of 158 cases [n = 97 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and n = 61 acute myeloid leukemia (AML)] and 173 controls. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were computed via unconditional logistic regression to evaluate the association between congenital abnormalities and acute leukemia overall, and ALL and AML analyzed separately. The results do not provide evidence for an association among the index children (ORCombined, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.45–1.23; ORALL, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.38–1.20; ORAML,1.03; 95% CI, 0.49–2.16) or their siblings (ORCombined, 1.23; 95% CI, 0.71–2.13; ORALL, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.60–2.09; ORAML, 1.60; 95% CI, 0.66–3.86), suggesting congenital malformations do not confer additional risk of leukemia beyond the risk attributable to trisomy 21 in this population.
(401862) Charlotte Peebles
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Materials and methods from Humans permanently occupied the Andean highlands by at least 7 Ka
Creators: name: Haas, Randall
name: Stefanescu, Ioana C.
name: Garcia-Putnam, Alexander
name: Aldenderfer, Mark S.
name: Clementz, Mark
name: Murphy, Melissa S.
name: Llave, Carlos Viviano
name: Watson, James T.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60302 Biogeography and Phylogeography
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Radiocarbon dates, isotope analysis procedures, age and sex determinations, lithic tabulations
Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane and Polychlorinated Biphenyls: Intraindividual Changes, Correlations, and Predictors in Healthy Women from the Southeastern United States
Creators: name: Gammon, Marilie D.
name: Vo, Thao T.
name: Gladen, Beth C.
name: Daniels, Julie L.
name: Baird, Donna D.
name: Richardson, David B.
name: Cooper, Glinda S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDE) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) are widespread environmental contaminants that have been postulated to increase the risk of diseases such as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, breast cancer, as well as lead to early menopause. Studies assessing the effect of organochlorine exposure often can only measure organochlorine levels once, such as at study enrollment, which may not be an etiologically relevant time period. We assessed the temporal changes in DDE and PCBs and the predictors of those changes using interview data and DDE and PCB measures collected from 123 women who were enrolled in a baseline study from 1978 to 1982 and followed up in 2003 to 2004. Baseline and follow-up organochlorine levels were compared using Spearman correlations (r(s)), and predictors of the rate of change in log concentration were evaluated using linear regression models. Although serum concentrations dramatically declined (median follow-up to baseline concentration ratio was 16% for DDE and 45% for PCB), baseline and follow-up measures were strongly correlated for DDE (r(s)=0.72) and moderately correlated for PCBs (r(s)=0.43). Prediction of follow-up PCB levels was substantially improved (r(s)=0.75) with data on initial concentration, length of lactation, baseline body mass index, and percent change in body fat, whereas DDE prediction improved slightly (r(s)=0.83) with data on lactation and baseline body mass index. These findings suggest that a single organochlorine measure provides considerable information on relative ranking at distant times and that the predictive power can be improved, particularly for PCBs, with information on a few predictors.
title: Analysis of clinical and radiological outcomes of posterior dynamic stabilization for direct repair of bilateral L5 pars ınterarticularis defect: dynamic assessment of pars fusion
Creators: name: Erok, Berrin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Athletic injuries
subject: Demineralisation-Bone

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Unilateral or bilateral anatomical defects involving the pars interarticularis are called spondylolysis, known as pars interarticularis defect or, more simply, the pars defect.It can involve one or both sides of one or more vertebral bodies.These...
rundle_methods_results_figures_ESM.pdf from The physical environment mediates male harm and its effect on selection in females.
Creators: name: Yun, Li
name: Chen, Patrick J.
name: Amardeep Singh
name: Aneil F. Agrawal
name: Rundle, Howard D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Electronic supplementary methods, results and figures.
Clauser-Horne Bell test with imperfect random inputs
Creators: name: Yuan, Xiao
name: Zhao, Qi
name: Ma, Xiongfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bell test is one of the most important tools in quantum information science. On the one hand, it enables fundamental test for the physics laws of nature, and on the other hand, it can be also applied in varieties of device independent tasks such as quantum key distribution and random number generation. In practice, loopholes existing in experimental demonstrations of Bell tests may affect the validity of the conclusions. In this work, we focus on the randomness (freewill) loophole and investigate the randomness requirement in a well-known Bell test, the Clauser-Horne test, under various conditions. With partially random inputs, we explicitly bound the Bell value for all local hidden variable models by optimizing the classical strategy. Our result thus puts input randomness requirement on the Clauser-Horne test under varieties of practical scenarios. The employed analysis technique can be generalized to other Bell's inequalities.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Quantum annealing for the number partitioning problem using a tunable spin glass of ions
Creators: name: Graß, Tobias
name: Raventós, David
name: Juliá-Díaz, Bruno
name: Gogolin, Christian
name: Lewenstein, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exploiting quantum properties to outperform classical ways of information-processing is an outstanding goal of modern physics. A promising route is quantum simulation, which aims at implementing relevant and computationally hard problems in controllable quantum systems. Here we demonstrate that in a trapped ion setup, with present day technology, it is possible to realize a spin model of the Mattis type that exhibits spin glass phases. Remarkably, our method produces the glassy behavior without the need for any disorder potential, just by controlling the detuning of the spin-phonon coupling. Applying a transverse field, the system can be used to benchmark quantum annealing strategies which aim at reaching the ground state of the spin glass starting from the paramagnetic phase. In the vicinity of a phonon resonance, the problem maps onto number partitioning, and instances which are difficult to address classically can be implemented.
description: accepted version (11 pages, 7 figures)
(401857) William Carmichael Peebles
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Family-Based Samples Can Play an Important Role in Genetic Association Studies
Creators: name: Duggan, David
name: Carpten, John D.
name: Sun, Jielin
name: Lange, Ethan M.
name: Lange, Leslie A.
name: Gronberg, Henrik
name: Chang, Bao Li
name: Isaacs, William B.
name: Xu, Jianfeng
name: Zheng, S. Lilly
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Over the past two decades, DNA samples from thousands of families have been collected and genotyped for linkage studies of common complex diseases such as type 2 diabetes, asthma and prostate cancer. Unfortunately, little success has been achieved in identifying genetic susceptibility risk factors through these considerable efforts. However, significant success in identifying common disease risk-associated variants has been recently achieved from genome-wide association (GWA) studies using unrelated case-control samples. These GWA studies are typically performed using population-based cases and controls that are ascertained irrespective of their family history for the disease of interest. Few genetic association studies have taken full advantage of the considerable resources that are available from the linkage-based family collections despite evidence showing cases that have a positive family history of disease are more likely to carry common genetic variants associated with disease susceptibility. Herein, we argue that population stratification is still a concern in case-control genetic association studies, despite the development of analytic methods designed to account for this source of confounding, for a subset of SNPs in the genome, most notably those SNPs in regions involved with natural selection. We note that current analytic approaches designed to address the issue of population stratification in case-control studies cannot definitively distinguish between true and false associations and we argue that family-based samples can still serve an invaluable role in following-up findings from case-control studies.
(401858) John Reid Peebles
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(401859) Arthur Charlesworth Peebles
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Linear Programming Decoding of Binary Linear Codes for Symbol-Pair Read Channels
Creators: name: Horii, Shunsuke
name: Matsushima, Toshiyasu
name: Hirasawa, Shigeichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we develop a new decoding algorithm of a binary linear codes for symbol-pair read channels. Symbol-pair read channel has recently been introduced by Cassuto and Blaum to model channels with high write resolution but low read resolution. The proposed decoding algorithm is based on a linear programming (LP). It is proved that the proposed LP decoder has the maximum-likelihood (ML) certificate property, i.e., the output of the decoder is guaranteed to be the ML codeword when it is integral. We also introduce the fractional pair distance $d_{fp}$ of a code which is a lower bound on the pair distance. It is proved that the proposed LP decoder will correct up to $\lceil d_{fp}/2\rceil-1$ pair errors.
description: 15pages, 2 figures
title: Neuroimaging Findings of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Pediatric Recipients
Creators: name: Erok, Berrin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Hypertension
subject: Oedema
subject: Seizure disorders

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is used worldwide in many malignant and nonmalignant childhood diseases. In autologous transplantation (AutoHSCT), the donor is the patient himself/ herself before bone marrow ablation. In allogeneic...
Polymorphism in the IL18 Gene and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer in Non-Hispanic White Women
Creators: name: Carney, Michael E.
name: Edlund, Christopher K.
name: DiCioccio, Richard A.
name: Clyde, Merlise A.
name: Palmieri, Rachel T.
name: Anderson, Stephanie
name: Kjaer, Susanne Kruger
name: Schildkraut, Joellen M.
name: Gentry-Maharaj, Aleksandra
name: Ramus, Susan J.
name: Hogdall, Claus K.
name: Goode, Ellen L.
name: Berchuck, Andrew
name: Whittemore, Alice S.
name: Chen, Xiaoqing
name: Wu, Anna H.
name: Pike, Malcolm C.
name: Terada, Keith Y.
name: Hopkins, Michael P.
name: Wang-Gohrke, Shan
name: Lurie, Galina
name: Poole, Charles
name: Song, Honglin
name: Webb, Penelope M.
name: Doherty, Jennifer A.
name: Pearce, Celeste Leigh
name: Moysich, Kirsten B.
name: VanDenBerg, David
name: Brewster, Wendy
name: McGuire, Valerie
name: Moorman, Patricia G.
name: Vierkant, Robert A.
name: Iversen, Edwin S.
name: Menon, Usha
name: Wilson, Melanie A.
name: Beesley, Jonathan
name: Blaakaer, Jan
name: Jenison, Eric L.
name: Chenevix-Trench, Georgia
name: Cunningham, Julie M.
name: Calingaert, Brian
name: Ziogas, Argyrios
name: Chang-Claude, Jenny
name: Ness, Roberta B.
name: Anderson, A. Rebecca
name: Hogdall, Estrid
name: Pharoah, Paul D.P.
name: Gayther, Simon A.
name: Anton-Culver, Hoda
name: Rossing, Mary Anne
name: Easton, Douglas F.
name: Goodman, Marc T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Over 22,000 cases of ovarian cancer were diagnosed in 2007 in the United States but only a fraction of them can be attributed to mutations in highly penetrant genes such as BRCA1. To determine whether low penetrance genetic variants contribute to ovarian cancer risk, we genotyped 1,536 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in several candidate gene pathways in 848 epithelial ovarian cancer cases and 798 controls in the North Carolina Ovarian Cancer Study (NCO) using a customized Illumina array. The inflammation gene interleukin-18 (IL18) showed the strongest evidence for association with epithelial ovarian cancer in a gene-by-gene analysis (p=0.002) with a <25% chance of being a false positive finding (q-value=0.240). Using a multivariate model search algorithm over eleven IL18 tagging SNPs, we found the association was best modeled by rs1834481. Further, this SNP uniquely tagged a significantly associated IL18 haplotype and there was an increased risk of epithelial ovarian cancer per rs1834481 allele (OR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.06, 1.45). In a replication stage, twelve independent studies from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC) genotyped rs1834481 in an additional 5,877 cases and 7,791 controls. The fixed effects estimate per rs1834481 allele was null (OR=0.99, 95% CI: 0.94, 1.05) when data from the twelve OCAC studies were combined. The effect estimate remained unchanged with the addition of the initial NCO data. This analysis demonstrates the importance of consortia, like the OCAC, in either confirming or refuting the validity of putative findings in studies with smaller sample sizes.
rundle_methods_results_figures_ESM.pdf from The physical environment mediates male harm and its effect on selection in females
Creators: name: Yun, Li
name: Chen, Patrick J.
name: Amardeep Singh
name: Aneil F. Agrawal
name: Rundle, Howard D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Electronic supplementary methods, results and figures.
Electronic Supplementary Material - Data Tables from Handedness and individual roll-angle specialism when plunge diving in the Northern gannet
Creators: name: Bennison, Ashley
name: Clark, Bethany L.
name: Votier, Stephen C.
name: Quinn, John L.
name: Darby, Jamie
name: Jessopp, Mark
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: Animal Behaviour

description: This document provides the summary tracking data and dive lateralisation information for all birds
Studying Genetic Research Participants: Lessons from the "Learning About Research in North Carolina" Study
Creators: name: Darter, Jane
name: Garrett, Joanne
name: Blumenthal, Connie
name: Dorrance, Jessica
name: Corbie-Smith, Giselle
name: Lloyd, Stacey W.
name: Moloney, Mairead
name: Bussey-Jones, Jada
name: Sandler, Robert S.
name: Henderson, Gail
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Given the prohibitive cost of recruiting large and diverse populations for genetic explorations in cancer research, there has been a call for genetic studies to engage existing cohorts of research participants. This strategy could lead to more efficient recruitment and potentially result in significant advances in the understanding of cancer etiology and treatment. The Learning About Research in North Carolina (LeARN) study responded to the National Human Genome Research Institute interest in research on how study participants from diverse populations who had participated in genetic research perceived the risks and benefits of participating in combined epidemiologic-genetic research, how well they understand the purpose of the research and the uses to which the research results may be put, and how involvement in such research affects perceptions of disease causality. In this paper we give an overview of the LeARN study, summarizing the methods we used, challenges we encountered, and lessons learned about recruiting participants who have previously participated in genetic research.
The Temperature/Entropy Connection for Horizons, Massless Particle Scattering, and the Origin of Locality
Creators: name: Banks, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I explain, in non-technical terms, the basic ideas of Holographic Space-time (HST) models of quantum gravity (QG). The key feature is that the degrees of freedom (DOF) of QG, localized in a finite causal diamond are restrictions of an algebra of asymptotic currents, describing flows of quantum numbers out to null infinity in Minkowski space, with zero energy density on the sphere at infinity. Finite energy density states are constrained states of these DOF and the resulting relation between asymptotic energy and the number of constraints, explains the relation between black hole entropy and energy, as well as the critical energy/impact parameter regime in which particle scattering leads to black hole formation. The results of a general class of models, implementing these principles, are described, and applied to understand the firewall paradox, and to construct a finite model of the early universe, which implements inflation with only the minimal fine tuning needed to obtain a universe containing localized excitations more complex than large black holes.
Il Modello di Basilea per l?analisi contrastiva delle particelle additive in spagnolo e in italiano
Creators: name: ESPOSITO, GIORGIA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Genova
Year: 2020

description: Il presente lavoro consiste in un?analisi contrastiva spagnolo-italiano di alcune particelle discorsive dotate di una semantica relazionale additiva: adem�s, encima, hasta, incluso e tambi�n. L?obiettivo principale � l?individuazione dei livelli di analisi pi� pertinenti in un?ottica contrastiva tra le due lingue. Nella prima parte fornisco una panoramica diacronica sullo studio delle particelle discorsive nella tradizione linguistica in lingua spagnola. Nella seconda parte mi soffermo sull?organizzazione informativa degli enunciati e sui modelli di segmentazione pragmatica del testo, focalizzandomi in particolar modo sul Modello di Basilea (Ferrari et al. 2008; Ferrari et al. 2018). Nella terza parte presento il corpus di dati linguistici, organizzato in microtesti paralleli, e i criteri d?interrogazione sintattici e pragmatici adottati. Infine, propongo delle schede bilingui nelle quali sistematizzo, per ciascuna particella, le principali differenze in prospettiva contrastiva allo scopo di fornire uno strumento per la didattica della traduzione.
title: Incidence of Recurrent Cholecystitis Following Removal of Cholecystostomy Tubes in Elderly Patients: Single Center Experience
Creators: name: Almutairi, Ghada
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Catheters
subject: Acute
subject: Infection
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The reported mortality of acute cholecystitis is approximately 3% worldwide, but the rate increases with comorbidities and age of the patient 1-2. In those high operational risk groups where cholecystectomy is inappropriate, a gallbladder drainage...
Electronic Supplementary Material Tables from Causes and consequences of adult sex ratio imbalance in a historical US population.
Creators: name: Schacht, Ryan
name: Smith, Ken R.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: The responsiveness of individuals to partner availability has been well documented across the literature. However, there is disagreement regarding the direction of the consequences of sex ratio imbalance. Specifically, does an excess of males or females promote male–male mating competition? In an attempt to clarify the role of the adult sex ratio (ASR) on behaviour, here we evaluate both competing and complimentary expectations derived from theory across the social and biological sciences. We use data drawn from a historical, nineteenth-century population in North America and target several outcomes thought to be affected by partner availability: age at first birth, longevity, marital status and completed fertility. Furthermore, we assess the role of various contributors to a population's ASR. We find that both the contributors to and consequences of sex ratio imbalance vary over time. Our results largely support predictions of greater male pairbond commitment and lesser male mating effort in response to partner scarcity. After reviewing our findings, and others from across the literature, we highlight the need to adjust predictions in response to ASR imbalance by the: (i) culturally mediated mating arena, (ii) variable role of demographic inputs across time and place, (iii) constraints to behavioural outcomes across species and (iv) ability and accuracy of individuals to assess partner availability.This article is part of the themed issue ‘Adult sex ratios and reproductive decisions: a critical re-examination of sex differences in human and animal societies’.
Vitamins B2, B6, and B12 and Risk of New Colorectal Adenomas in a Randomized Trial of Aspirin Use and Folic Acid Supplementation
Creators: name: Barry, Elizabeth L.
name: Munroe, David
name: Ueland, Per M.
name: Baron, John A.
name: Ali, Iqbal
name: Figueiredo, Jane C.
name: Ahnen, Dennis J.
name: Levine, A. Joan
name: Grau, Maria V.
name: Tsang, Shirley
name: Sandler, Robert S.
name: Haile, Robert W.
name: Midttun, Øivind
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Folate, other vitamin B cofactors, and genes involved in folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism (FOCM) all may play important roles in colorectal neoplasia. In this study, we examined the associations between dietary and circulating plasma levels of vitamins B2, B6 and B12 and risk colorectal adenomas.
title: Liver calcifications: what should I look for?
Creators: name: Costa, Ana Catarina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder
subject: Liver
subject: CT
subject: Education
subject: Calcifications / Calculi

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate the spectrum of common and uncommon calcified liver lesions; To review Computed Tomography (CT) findings of hepatic...
Elastically-bounded flapping plates for flow-induced energy harvesting
Creators: name: OLIVIERI, STEFANO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Genova
Year: 2020

description: This work concerns a novel concept for energy harvesting (EH) from fluid flows, based on the aeroelastic flutter of elastically-bounded plates immersed in laminar flow. The resulting flapping motions are investigated in order to support the development of centimetric-size EH devices exploiting low wind velocities, with potential application in the autonomous powering of low-power wireless sensor networks used, e.g., for remote environmental monitoring. The problem is studied combining three-dimensional direct numerical simulations exploiting a state-of-the-art immersed boundary method, wind-tunnel experiments on prototypal EH devices, and a reduced-order phenomenological model based on a set of ordinary differential equations. Three key features of the aeroelastic system are investigated: (i) we identify the critical condition for self-sustained flapping using a simple balance between characteristic timescales involved in the problem; (ii) we explore postcritical regimes characterized by regular limit-cycle oscillations, highlighting how to maximize their amplitude and/or frequency and in turns the potential energy extraction; (iii) we consider arrays of multiple devices, revealing for certain arrangements a constructive interference effect that leads to significant performance improvements. These findings lead to an improved characterization of the system and can be useful for the optimal design of EH devices. Moreover, we outline future research directions with the ultimate goal of realizing high-performance networks of numerous harvesters in real-world environmental conditions.
Association of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs with Lung Cancer: Results from a Large Cohort Study
Creators: name: Satia, Jessie A.
name: White, Emily
name: Slatore, Christopher G.
name: Littman, Alyson J.
name: Au, David H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related mortality. Smoking cessation is crucial to decrease risk but additional prevention modalities are needed. Use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may be promising.