cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MOESM1 of Heterologous overexpression, purification and functional analysis of plant cellulose synthase from green bamboo
Creators: name: Hsuan-Yu Huang
name: Cheng, Yi-Sheng
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Immunoblot results of BoCesA5 purification.
Associations between neighborhood characteristics and sexual risk behaviors among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women in the southern United States
Creators: name: Ross, Z.
name: Rubtsova, A.
name: Ludema, C.
name: Haardörfer, R.
name: Ramirez, C.
name: Haley, D.F.
name: Adimora, A.A.
name: Wingood, G.M.
name: Cooper, H.L.F.
name: Goswami, N.D.
name: Hickson, D.A.
name: Bolivar, H.
name: Kramer, M.R.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2017

description: Purpose Neighborhood characteristics shape sexual risk in HIV-uninfected adults in the United States (US). We assess relationships between census tract characteristics and sexual risk behaviors in a predominantly HIV-infected cohort of women living in the Southern US. Methods This cross-sectional multilevel analysis included data from 737 HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women enrolled in the Women's Interagency HIV Study. Administrative data captured characteristics of census tracts where women lived; participant-level data were gathered via survey. We used principal components analysis to condense tract-level variables into components: social disorder (e.g., violent crime rate), and social disadvantage (e.g., alcohol outlet density). We used hierarchical generalized linear models to assess relationships between tract-level characteristics and condomless vaginal intercourse, anal intercourse, and condomless anal intercourse. Results Greater social disorder was associated with less anal intercourse (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.43–0.94) and condomless anal intercourse (OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.30–0.80), regardless of HIV status. There were no statistically significant additive or multiplicative interactions between tract characteristics and HIV status. Conclusions Neighborhood characteristics are associated with sexual risk behaviors among women living in the Southern US, these relationships do not vary by HIV status. Future studies should establish temporality and explore the causal pathways through which neighborhoods influence sexual risk.
Lipoprotein(a) and HIV: Allele-specific apolipoprotein(a) levels predict carotid intima-media thickness in hiv-infected young women in the women's interagency HIV study
Creators: name: Karim, R.
name: Merenstein, D.
name: Lazar, J.
name: Ofotokun, I.
name: Kaplan, R.
name: Anuurad, E.
name: Li, C.-S.
name: Enkhmaa, B.
name: Adimora, A.A.
name: Pahwa, S.
name: Aouizerat, B.
name: Golub, E.
name: Cohen, M.
name: Berglund, L.
name: Zhang, W.
name: Butler, K.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2017

description: Objective - In the general population, lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] has been established as an independent causal risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Lp(a) levels are to a major extent regulated by a size polymorphism in the apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)] gene. The roles of Lp(a)/apo(a) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related elevated cardiovascular disease risk remain unclear. Approach and Results - The associations between total plasma Lp(a) level, allele-specific apo(a) level, an Lp(a) level carried by individual apo(a) alleles, and common carotid artery intima-media thickness were assessed in 150 HIV-infected and 100 HIV-uninfected women in the WIHS (Women's Interagency HIV Study). Linear regression analyses with and without adjustments were used. The cohort was young (mean age, ≈31 years), with the majority being Blacks (≈70%). The prevalence of a small size apo(a) (≤22 Kringle repeats) or a high Lp(a) level (≥30 mg/dL) was similar by HIV status. Total plasma Lp(a) level (P=0.029) and allele-specific apo(a) level carried by the smaller apo(a) sizes (P=0.022) were significantly associated with carotid artery intima-media thickness in the HIV-infected women only. After accounting for confounders (age, race, smoking, body mass index, blood pressure, hepatitis C virus coinfection, menopause, plasma lipids, treatment status, CD4+ T cell count, and HIV/RNA viral load), the association remained significant for both Lp(a) (P=0.035) and allele-specific apo(a) level carried by the smaller apo(a) sizes (P=0.010) in the HIV-infected women. Notably, none of the other lipids/lipoproteins was associated with carotid artery intima-media thickness. Conclusions - Lp(a) and allele-specific apo(a) levels predict carotid artery intima-media thickness in HIV-infected young women. Further research is needed to identify underlying mechanisms of an increased Lp(a) atherogenicity in HIV infection.
KW-Sun: The Konus-Wind Solar Flare Database in Hard X-ray and Soft Gamma-ray Ranges
Creators: name: Lysenko, A. L.
name: Ulanov, M. V.
name: Kuznetsov, A. A.
name: Fleishman, G. D.
name: Frederiks, D. D.
name: Kashapova, L. K.
name: Sokolova, Z. Ya.
name: Svinkin, D. S.
name: Tsvetkova, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a database of solar flares registered by the Konus-Wind instrument during more than 27 years of operation, from 1994 November to now (2022 June). The constantly updated database (hereafter KW-Sun) contains over 1000 events detected in the instrument's triggered mode and is accessible online at http://www.ioffe.ru/LEA/kwsun/. For each flare, the database provides time-resolved energy spectra in energy range from ~20 keV to ~15 MeV in FITS format along with count rate light curves in three wide energy bands G1 (~20-80 keV), G2 (~80-300 keV), and G3 (~300-1200 keV) with high time resolution (down to 16 ms) in ASCII and IDL SAV formats. This article focuses on the instrument capabilities in the context of solar observations, the structure of the KW-Sun data and their intended usage. The presented homogeneous data set obtained in the broad energy range with high temporal resolution during more than two full solar cycles is beneficial for both statistical and case studies as well as a source of context data for solar flare research.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in ApJS
Association between Perceived Discrimination in Healthcare Settings and HIV Medication Adherence: Mediating Psychosocial Mechanisms
Creators: name: Adedimeji, A.
name: Tien, P.C.
name: Merenstein, D.
name: Metsch, L.
name: Ofotokun, I.
name: Wentz, E.L.
name: Weiser, S.D.
name: Adimora, A.A.
name: Wilson, T.E.
name: Cohen, M.H.
name: Rogers, A.J.
name: Rice, W.S.
name: Turan, B.
name: Turan, J.M.
name: Johnson, M.O.
name: Atkins, G.C.
Publisher: name: Springer New York LLC
Year: 2017

description: There is insufficient research on the impact of perceived discrimination in healthcare settings on adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART), particularly among women living with HIV, and even less is known about psychosocial mechanisms that may mediate this association. Cross-sectional analyses were conducted in a sample of 1356 diverse women living with HIV enrolled in the Women’s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS), a multi-center cohort study. Indirect effects analysis with bootstrapping was used to examine the potential mediating roles of internalized stigma and depressive symptoms in the association between perceived discrimination in healthcare settings and ART adherence. Perceived discrimination in healthcare settings was negatively associated with optimal (95% or better) ART adherence (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.81, p = 0.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.68, 0.97]). Furthermore, internalization of stigma and depressive symptoms mediated the perceived discrimination-adherence association: Serial mediation analyses revealed a significant indirect effect of perceived discrimination in healthcare settings on ART adherence, first through internalized HIV stigma, and then through depressive symptoms (B = − 0.08, SE = 0.02, 95% CI [− 0.12, − 0.04]). Perceiving discrimination in healthcare settings may contribute to internalization of HIV-related stigma, which in turn may lead to depressive symptoms, with downstream adverse effects on ART adherence among women. These findings can guide the design of interventions to reduce discrimination in healthcare settings, as well as interventions targeting psychosocial mechanisms that may impact the ability of women living with HIV to adhere to ART regimens.
A Comparison of Automatic Labelling Approaches for Sentiment Analysis
Creators: name: Biswas, Sumana
name: Young, Karen
name: Griffith, Josephine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Labelling a large quantity of social media data for the task of supervised machine learning is not only time-consuming but also difficult and expensive. On the other hand, the accuracy of supervised machine learning models is strongly related to the quality of the labelled data on which they train, and automatic sentiment labelling techniques could reduce the time and cost of human labelling. We have compared three automatic sentiment labelling techniques: TextBlob, Vader, and Afinn to assign sentiments to tweets without any human assistance. We compare three scenarios: one uses training and testing datasets with existing ground truth labels; the second experiment uses automatic labels as training and testing datasets; and the third experiment uses three automatic labelling techniques to label the training dataset and uses the ground truth labels for testing. The experiments were evaluated on two Twitter datasets: SemEval-2013 (DS-1) and SemEval-2016 (DS-2). Results show that the Afinn labelling technique obtains the highest accuracy of 80.17% (DS-1) and 80.05% (DS-2) using a BiLSTM deep learning model. These findings imply that automatic text labelling could provide significant benefits, and suggest a feasible alternative to the time and cost of human labelling efforts.
description: 12 pages 3 figure, 11th International Conference on Data Science, Technology and Applications, ISBN 978-989-758-583-8, ISSN 2184-285X, pages 312-319
Additional file 2 of Illuminating the dark side of the human transcriptome with long read transcript sequencing
Creators: name: Kuo, Richard I.
name: Yuanyuan Cheng
name: Runxuan Zhang
name: Brown, John W. S.
name: Smith, Jacqueline
name: Archibald, Alan L.
name: Burt, David W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Table of long read datasets information on number of mapped reads, reference annotation, and genome assembly scaffold numbers.
MOESM4 of Heterologous overexpression, purification and functional analysis of plant cellulose synthase from green bamboo
Creators: name: Hsuan-Yu Huang
name: Cheng, Yi-Sheng
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 4:Â Figure S4. GCâ MS total ion chromatogram of 1,4-glucan derivatives form endogenous glucan.
Additional file 1 of Protocol of a study investigating breath-hold techniques for upper-abdominal radiation therapy (BURDIE): addressing the challenge of a moving target
Creators: name: Farrugia, Briana
name: Khor, Richard
name: Foroudi, Farshad
name: Chao, Michael
name: Knight, Kellie
name: Wright, Caroline
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Patient experience questionnaire.
Relationships between neighbourhood characteristics and current STI status among HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women living in the Southern USA: A cross-sectional multilevel analysis
Creators: name: Rubtsova, A.
name: Haardörfer, R.
name: Cooper, H.L.
name: Haley, D.F.
name: Kramer, M.R.
name: Bolivar, H.
name: Wingood, G.M.
name: Golub, E.
name: Ludema, C.
name: Adimora, A.A.
name: Hickson, D.A.
name: Ross, Z.
Publisher: name: BMJ Publishing Group
Year: 2017

description: Objectives Neighbourhood characteristics (eg, high poverty rates) are associated with STIs among HIV-uninfected women in the USA. However, no multilevel analyses investigating the associations between neighbourhood exposures and STIs have explored these relationships among women living with HIV infection. The objectives of this study were to: (1) examine relationships between neighbourhood characteristics and current STI status and (2) investigate whether the magnitudes and directions of these relationships varied by HIV status in a predominantly HIV-infected cohort of women living in the Southern USA. Methods This cross-sectional multilevel analysis tests relationships between census tract characteristics and current STI status using data from 737 women enrolled at the Women's Interagency HIV Study's southern sites (530 HIV-infected and 207 HIV-uninfected women). Administrative data (eg, US Census) described the census tract-level social disorder (eg, violent crime rate) and social disadvantage (eg, alcohol outlet density) where women lived. Participant-level data were gathered via survey. Testing positive for a current STI was defined as a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of chlamydia, gonorrhoea, trichomoniasis or syphilis. Hierarchical generalised linear models were used to determine relationships between tract-level characteristics and current STI status, and to test whether these relationships varied by HIV status. Results Eleven per cent of participants tested positive for at least one current STI. Greater tract-level social disorder (OR=1.34, 95% CI 0.99 to 1.87) and social disadvantage (OR=1.34, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.86) were associated with having a current STI. There was no evidence of additive or multiplicative interaction between tract-level characteristics and HIV status. Conclusions Findings suggest that neighbourhood characteristics may be associated with current STIs among women living in the South, and that relationships do not vary by HIV status. Future research should establish the temporality of these relationships and explore pathways through which neighbourhoods create vulnerability to STIs. Trial registration number NCT00000797; results.
Preventing HIV among women - A step forward, but much farther to go
Creators: name: Adimora, A.A.
Publisher: name: Massachussetts Medical Society
Year: 2016

description: The 900,000 new HIV infections among women globally in 2015 attest to the urgent need for the dissemination of effective new HIV-prevention products for women. Most women are infected with HIV by means of sexual activity with men. Therefore, the treatment of persons with HIV is one of the most effective strategies for the prevention of new cases of HIV infection among women. However, few countries have attained the level of antiretroviral coverage in the population that is required to eliminate transmission, and women need prevention methods that they can control themselves. Long-acting products that decrease the burden of adherence are especially needed. This issue of the Journal reports the results of two trials that move HIV prevention a step closer.
Additional file 1 of The mortality of critically ill patients was not associated with inter-hospital transfer due to a shortage of ICU beds - a single-centre retrospective analysis
Creators: name: Oras, Jonatan
name: Strube, Marko
name: Rylander, Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Detailed description of statistical analyses and data. Detailed description of multivariable analysis of demographic variables and ICU-diagnoses associated with 90 days mortality. Detailed description of multivariable model building. Tables over transferred cases and matched controls. Complete list of ICD codes and the corresponding ICU diagnosis.
Post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and mental health over time among low-income women at increased risk of HIV in the U.S
Creators: name: Hughes, J.P.
name: O’Leary, A.
name: Wang, J.
name: Justman, J.
name: Golin, C.E.
name: Adimora, A.A.
name: Haley, D.F.
name: Kuo, I.
name: Hodder, S.
name: Soto-Torres, L.
Publisher: name: Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2016

description: Women living in poverty suffer more post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms than do members of the general population; however we know little about factors associated with changes in their PTSD symptoms over time. Using data from HPTN 064, a cohort of women from low-income, high-HIV-prevalence communities across six eastern states (n=1,860), we assessed the prevalence of and changes in PTSD symptoms over 12 months and the effect of potential predictors on symptom acquisition and remission (via the Primary Care-PTSD symptoms scale). Forty-three percent screened positive for PTSD symptoms. Those reporting food insecurity, ongoing abuse, depressive symptoms, or binge drinking were more likely to acquire PTSD symptoms. Those with ongoing abuse or depressive symptoms were less likely to experience PTSD symptom remission. Findings suggest a need to integrate programs to reduce abuse, depression, and economic hardship with those that address sexual health risks among women living in low- income, high- HIVprevalence neighborhoods.
An assessment of democratic vulnerability: regime type, economic development, and coups d’état
Creators: name: Schiel, Rebecca E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Prior research has not established a clear relationship between democracy and insulation from coups d’état, with very few studies illustrating robust findings on the subject. I contend that the lack of attention paid to the conditional influences of democracy on coups has resulted in these mixed findings. I posit that insulation from coups occurs at higher levels of economic development in both autocracies and democracies. However, the vulnerability present at low levels of economic development is significantly greater in democracies. Poor democracies lack the coercive capacity associated with authoritarian states, suffer from relatively weaker patronage networks, and have smaller pots for public goods provision, all making them less capable of maintaining elite loyalty. An assessment of 165 states for the years 1950–2011 offers strong support for the argument. Democracies are indeed an important part of the coup story, but only when simultaneously addressing their level of economic development.
Adiabatic freezing of long-range quantum correlations in spin chains
Creators: name: Dhar, Himadri Shekhar
name: Rakshit, Debraj
name: De, Aditi Sen
name: Sen, Ujjwal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a process to create quasi long-range quantum discord between the non-interacting end spins of a quantum spin chain, with the end spins weakly coupled to the bulk of the chain. The process is not only capable of creating long-range quantum correlation but the latter remains frozen, when certain weak end-couplings are adiabatically varied below certain thresholds. We term this phenomenon as adiabatic freezing of quantum correlation. We observe that the freezing is robust to moderate thermal fluctuations and is intrinsically related to the cooperative properties of the quantum spin chain. In particular, we find that the energy gap of the system remains frozen for these adiabatic variations, and moreover, considering the end spins as probes, we show that the interval of freezing can detect the anisotropy transition in quantum XY spin chains. Importantly, the adiabatic freezing of long-range quantum correlations can be simulated with contemporary experimental techniques.
description: Main text (6 pages, 6 figures) and Supplemental material (4 pages, 4 figures), REVTeX 4-1
Fuzzy-based forest fire prevention and detection by wireless sensor networks
Creators: name: Toledo-Castro, J
name: Santos-González, I
name: Caballero-Gil, P
name: Hernández-Goya, C
name: Rodríguez-Pérez, N
name: Aguasca-Colomo, R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Forest fires may cause considerable damages both in ecosystems and lives. This proposal describes the application of Internet of Things and wireless sensor networks jointly with multi-hop routing through a real time and dynamic monitoring system for forest fire prevention. It is based on gathering and analyzing information related to meteorological conditions, concentrations of polluting gases and oxygen level around particular interesting forest areas. Unusual measurements of these environmental variables may help to prevent wildfire incidents and make their detection more efficient. A forest fire risk controller based on fuzzy logic has been implemented in order to activate environmental risk alerts through a Web service and a mobile application. For this purpose, security mechanisms have been proposed for ensuring integrity and confidentiality in the transmission of measured environmental information. Lamport's signature and a block cipher algorithm are used to achieve this objective.
Additional file 1 of Adding a modified Lemaire procedure to ACLR in knees with severe rotational knee instability does not compromise isokinetic muscle recovery at the time of return-to-play
Creators: name: Joseph, Leopold
name: Demey, Guillaume
name: Chamu, Thomas
name: Schmidt, Axel
name: Germain, Alexandre
name: Rooij, Floris Van
name: Saffarini, Mo
name: Dejour, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology

description: Additional file 1.
Photo-thermal tuning of graphene oxide coated integrated optical waveguides
Creators: name: Moss, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally investigate power sensitive photothermal tuning (PTT) of two dimensional (2D) graphene oxide (GO) films coated on integrated optical waveguides. We measure the light power thresholds for reversible and permanent GO reduction in silicon nitride (SiN) waveguides integrated with 1 and 2 layers of GO. Raman spectra at different positions of a hybrid waveguide with permanently reduced GO are characterized, verifying the inhomogeneous GO reduction along the direction of light propagation through the waveguide. The differences between the PTT induced by a continuous wave laser and a pulsed laser are also compared, confirming that the PTT mainly depend on the average input power. These results reveal interesting features for 2D GO films coated on integrated optical waveguides, which are of fundamental importance for the control and engineering of GO properties in hybrid integrated photonic devices.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 99 references
Sexual behavior of HIV-positive women in Cameroon
Creators: name: Adimora, A.A.
name: Mbanya, D.
name: Ndumbe, P.M.
name: Kinge, T.N.
name: Njabanou, N.M.
name: Kefie, C.A.
name: Ikomey, G.M.
name: Etogo, D.
name: Atashili, J.
name: Mbu, E.R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: This study aimed at describing the sexual behavior of HIV-positive women in Cameroon. In a cross-sectional study, 282 HIV-infected women were enrolled in 3 HIV-treatment clinics in Cameroon. Of the 282 participants, 257 had been diagnosed with HIV for more than 6 months. Approximately half (46.8%) of these 257 women reported no sex partners in the 6 months before the study; 42.9% had 1 partner; and 1.5% had more than 1 partner. There was a significant decrease in the number of partners, new partners, and an increase in condom use with these partners following HIV diagnosis (P value < .05). However, more than half (55.2%) of the sexually active participants reported inconsistent or no condom use during sexual intercourse. Although HIV-positive women tend to adopt less risky behavior after HIV diagnosis, a substantial proportion of sexually active ones still have risky behaviors. Reinforcing risk reduction programs for these women is imperative.
Theorizing the impact of fairness perceptions on the demand for redistribution
Creators: name: Ahrens, Leo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Prior research shows that fairness judgements regarding the income distribution have a substantive impact on redistribution preferences. Those who perceive incomes as unfair demand more redistribution. However, the association is undertheorized in previous studies. This article adds to the literature by offering a comprehensive theoretical explanation of why incomes are perceived as unfair and how this influences the demand for redistribution. Based on equity theory from social psychology, it is argued that individuals develop a preference for redistribution if they consider their own income and incomes in general to be disproportional to relevant exchanged inputs. They assess proportionality by using social comparisons with observable reference groups such as colleagues, family members or other labour market participants. Multilevel models with survey data from 39 diverse countries support this theory. Individuals who perceive their own income as disproportional in comparison to their efforts and those who perceive incomes in general as disproportional demand more redistribution. These findings have several implications for research on political economy and social policy. Most importantly, they explain the inconclusive results of empirical tests of rational choice theories such as the median-voter hypothesis.
Rethinking the D'Hondt method
Creators: name: Medzihorsky, Juraj
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The D'Hondt method is the most popular proportional apportionment procedure, as well as one of the oldest. Despite this, the method is not fully understood, with serious normative and empirical implications for democratic representation. This paper provides insights into the D'Hondt method through a generalization that is based on a finite mixture model, extends to situations with missing data (e.g. imperfect records), and applies to allocation problems outside of elections. The generalization disproves several widely accepted beliefs, clarifying that the method maximizes the fraction of exactly proportionally represented votes, and providing intuitive measures of overall and party-level disproportionality. The crucial insights of this interpretation are easily communicated in natural language without any mathematical formalisms, which makes it particularly useful for lay audiences and civic education. I illustrate these features with the 1999–2014 British European Parliament elections.
title: Conversational Question Answering Using a Shift of Context
Creators: name: Steinmetz, Nadine
name: Senthil-Kumar, Bhavya
name: Sattler, Kai-Uwe
Publisher: name: TU Ilmenau
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 004

description: Recent developments in conversational AI and Speech recognition have seen an explosion of conversational systems such as Google Assistant and Amazon Alexa which can perform a wide range of tasks such as providing weather information, making appointments etc. and can be accessed from smart phones or smart speakers. Chatbots are also widely used in industry for answering employee FAQs or for providing call center support. Question Answering over Linked Data (QALD) is a field that has been intensively researched in the recent years and QA systems have been successful in implementing a natural language interface to DBpedia. However, these systems expect users to phrase their questions completely in a single shot. Humans on the other hand tend to converse by asking a series of interconnected questions or follow-up questions in order to gather information about a topic. With this paper, we present a conversational speech interface for QA, where users can pose questions in both text and speech to query DBpedia entities and converse in form of a natural dialog by asking follow-up questions. We also contribute a benchmark for contextual question answering over Linked Data consisting of 50 conversations with 115 questions.
description: EDBT/ICDT-WS 2021: EDBT/ICDT 2021 workshops: proceedings of the workshops of the EDBT/ICDT 2021 Joint Conference : Nicosia, Cyprus, March 23, 2021
Optimal robust stimulated Raman exact passage by inverse optimization
Creators: name: Laforgue, Xavier
name: Dridi, Ghassen
name: Guérin, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the inverse geometric optimization technique to generate an optimal and robust stimulated Raman exact passage (STIREP) considering the loss of the upper state as a characterization parameter. Control fields temporal shapes that are optimal with respect to pulse area, energy, and duration, are found to form a simple sequence with a combination of intuitively (near the beginning and the end) and counter-intuitively ordered pulse pairs. The resulting dynamics produces a loss which is about a third of that of the non-robust optimal STIREP. Alternative optimal solutions featuring lower losses, larger pulse areas, and fully counter-intuitive pulse sequences are derived.
Dissolution of primary intimate relationships during incarceration and implications for post-release HIV transmission
Creators: name: Khan, M.R.
name: White, B.L.
name: Adimora, A.A.
name: Behrend, L.
name: Wohl, D.A.
name: Weir, S.S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Incarceration is associated with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Incarceration may contribute to STI/HIV by disrupting primary intimate relationships that protect against high-risk relationships. Research on sexual network disruption during incarceration and implications for post-release sexual risk behavior is limited. We interviewed a sample of HIV-positive men incarcerated in North Carolina to assess how commonly inmates leave partners behind in the community; characteristics of the relationships; and the prevalence of relationship dissolution during incarceration. Among prison inmates, 52% reported having a primary intimate partner at the time of incarceration. In the period prior to incarceration, 85% of men in relationships lived with and 52% shared finances with their partners. In adjusted analyses, men who did not have a primary cohabiting partner at the time of incarceration, versus those did, appeared to have higher levels of multiple partnerships (adjusted prevalence ratio (PR), 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.9-2.6; p=0.11) and sex trade, defined as giving or receiving sex for money, goods, or services (adjusted PR, 2.1; 95% CI 0.9-4.8; p=0.08) in the 6 months prior to incarceration. Involvement in financially interdependent partnerships appeared to be associated with further reductions in risk behaviors. Of men in primary partnerships at the time of prison entry, 55% reported their relationship had ended during the incarceration. The findings suggest that involvement in primary partnerships may contribute to reductions in sexual risk-taking among men involved in the criminal justice system but that many partnerships end during incarceration. These findings point to the need for longitudinal research into the effects of incarceration-related sexual network disruption on post-release HIV transmission risk.
Additional file 1 of The use of mobile phone functionalities by patients with asthma and their desire to use for self-care purposes
Creators: name: Nabovati, Ehsan
name: Farzandipour, Mehrdad
name: Arani, Marzieh Heidarzadeh
name: Akbari, Hossein
name: Sharif, Reihane
name: Anvari, Shima
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1 English Questionnaire.
Views of young, rural African Americans of the role of community social institutions in HIV prevention.
Creators: name: Albritton, T.
name: Banks, B.
name: Youmans, S.
name: Ellison, A.
name: Lloyd, S.W.
name: Blumenthal, C.
name: Smith, G.C.
name: Akers, A.Y.
name: Coker-Appiah, D.S.
name: Adimora, A.A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: BACKGROUND: We explored rural African American youths' perceptions about the role of community social institutions in addressing HIV. METHODS: We conducted four focus groups with African Americans aged 16 to 24 years in two rural counties in North Carolina. Groups were stratified by gender and risk status. We used a grounded theory approach to content analysis. RESULTS: Participants identified four social institutions as primary providers of HIV-related health promotion efforts: faith organizations, schools, politicians, and health agencies. They reported perceiving a lack of involvement in HIV prevention by faith-based organizations, constraints of abstinence-based sex education policies, politicians' lack of interest in addressing broader HIV determinants, and inadequacies in health agency services, and viewed all of these as being counter-productive to HIV prevention efforts. CONCLUSIONS: Youth have important insights about local social institutions that should be considered when designing HIV prevention interventions that partner with local organizations.
T-Cell Immune Dysregulation and Mortality in Women with Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Creators: name: Roan, N.R.
name: Michel, K.G.
name: Augenbraun, M.
name: Sharma, A.
name: Kutsch, O.
name: Fischl, M.
name: Moran, C.A.
name: Adimora, A.A.
name: Peters, B.A.
name: Moon, J.-Y.
name: Landay, A.
name: Desai, S.
name: Gange, S.
name: Hanna, D.B.
name: Kaplan, R.C.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2022

description: Summary: In women with HIV, higher activation and exhaustion of CD4+ T cells were associated with risk of non-HIV-related mortality during a median of 13.3 years of follow-up, independent of baseline demographic, behavioral, HIV-related, and cardiometabolic factors and longitudinal HIV disease progression. Background: Dysregulation of adaptive immunity is a hallmark of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection that persists on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Few long-term prospective studies have related adaptive immunity impairments to mortality in HIV, particularly in women. Methods: Among 606 women with HIV in the Women's Interagency HIV Study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected from 2002 to 2005 underwent multiparameter flow cytometry. Underlying cause of death was ascertained from the National Death Index up to 2018. We examined associations of CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell activation (%CD38+HLA-DR+), senescence (%CD57+CD28-), exhaustion (%PD-1+), and nonactivation/normal function (%CD57-CD28+) with natural-cause, HIV-related, and non-HIV-related mortality. Results: At baseline, median participant age was 41, and 67% were on ART. Among 100 deaths during a median of 13.3 years follow-up, 90 were natural-cause (53 non-HIV-related, 37 HIV-related). Higher activation and exhaustion of CD4+ T cells were associated with risk of natural-cause and non-HIV-related mortality, adjusting for age, demographic, behavioral, HIV-related, and cardiometabolic factors at baseline. Additional adjustment for time-varying viral load and CD4+ T-cell count did not attenuate these associations. CD8+ T-cell markers were not associated with any outcomes adjusting for baseline factors. Conclusions: Persistent CD4+ T-cell activation and exhaustion may contribute to excess long-term mortality risk in women with HIV, independent of HIV disease progression.
Additional file 3 of The use of mobile phone functionalities by patients with asthma and their desire to use for self-care purposes
Creators: name: Nabovati, Ehsan
name: Farzandipour, Mehrdad
name: Arani, Marzieh Heidarzadeh
name: Akbari, Hossein
name: Sharif, Reihane
name: Anvari, Shima
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3 The frequency of use and desire to use mobile phone functionalities in asthma patients in terms of demographic variables (N=146).
Reducing Variance in Temporal-Difference Value Estimation via Ensemble of Deep Networks
Creators: name: Liang, Litian
name: Xu, Yaosheng
name: McAleer, Stephen
name: Hu, Dailin
name: Ihler, Alexander
name: Abbeel, Pieter
name: Fox, Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In temporal-difference reinforcement learning algorithms, variance in value estimation can cause instability and overestimation of the maximal target value. Many algorithms have been proposed to reduce overestimation, including several recent ensemble methods, however none have shown success in sample-efficient learning through addressing estimation variance as the root cause of overestimation. In this paper, we propose MeanQ, a simple ensemble method that estimates target values as ensemble means. Despite its simplicity, MeanQ shows remarkable sample efficiency in experiments on the Atari Learning Environment benchmark. Importantly, we find that an ensemble of size 5 sufficiently reduces estimation variance to obviate the lagging target network, eliminating it as a source of bias and further gaining sample efficiency. We justify intuitively and empirically the design choices in MeanQ, including the necessity of independent experience sampling. On a set of 26 benchmark Atari environments, MeanQ outperforms all tested baselines, including the best available baseline, SUNRISE, at 100K interaction steps in 16/26 environments, and by 68% on average. MeanQ also outperforms Rainbow DQN at 500K steps in 21/26 environments, and by 49% on average, and achieves average human-level performance using 200K ($\pm$100K) interaction steps. Our implementation is available at https://github.com/indylab/MeanQ.
Observation of anisotropic Dirac cones in the topological material Ti2Te2P
Creators: name: Dhakal, Gyanendra
name: Kabir, Firoza
name: Nandy, Ashis K.
name: Aperis, Alex
name: Sakhya, Anup Pradhan
name: Pradhan, Subhadip
name: Dimitri, Klauss
name: Sims, Christopher
name: Regmi, Sabin
name: Hosen, M. Mofazzel
name: Liu, Yangyang
name: Persaud, Luis
name: Kaczorowski, Dariusz
name: Oppeneer, Peter M.
name: Neupane, Madhab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anisotropic bulk Dirac (or Weyl) cones in three dimensional systems have recently gained intense research interest as they are examples of materials with tilted Dirac (or Weyl) cones indicatig the violation of Lorentz invariance. In contrast, the studies on anisotropic surface Dirac cones in topological materials which contribute to anisotropic carrier mobility have been limited. By employing angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles calculations, we reveal the anisotropic surface Dirac dispersion in a tetradymite material Ti2Te2P on the (001) plane of the Brillioun zone. We observe the quasi-elliptical Fermi pockets at the M -point of the Brillouin zone forming the anisotropic surface Dirac cones. Our calculations of the Z2 indices confirm that the system is topologically non-trivial with multiple topological phases in the same material. In addition, the observed nodal-line like feature formed by bulk bands makes this system topologically rich.
description: 21 pages, 17 figures, Supplementary Information included
Additional file 2 of The use of mobile phone functionalities by patients with asthma and their desire to use for self-care purposes
Creators: name: Nabovati, Ehsan
name: Farzandipour, Mehrdad
name: Arani, Marzieh Heidarzadeh
name: Akbari, Hossein
name: Sharif, Reihane
name: Anvari, Shima
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2 The frequency of use and desire to use mobile phone functionalities for receiving information, as reminders and warnings in asthma patients (N=146).
Preadaptation to the vertical: an extra dimension to the natural history and nesting habits of the Tree Bumble Bee, Bombus (Pyrobombus) hypnorum
Creators: name: Prŷs-Jones, Oliver
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology

description: The Tree Bumble Bee, Bombus hypnorum, is a native of forest environments but has now successfully colonised urban areas. To better understand its success in an anthropogenic context, this review considers aspects of its natural history and nesting habits using a combination of published literature, anecdotal field observations by entomologists from a number of countries, and information from the BWARS database. Where man’s influence is minimal, B. hypnorum appears to nest almost exclusively in tree cavities. Modern woodlands tend to be managed and nest-cavity poor. Urban areas with gardens provide foraging opportunities together with a large supply of well-insulated and well-protected aboveground nest sites. B. hypnorum currently appears to do better in urban areas than managed woodlands, and quite possibly better than it ever did in primeval forest. In Britain, where it was first found in 2001, its notable success appears to reflect the absolute quantity of suitable anthropogenic, and specifically urban, nesting habitat. Conspicuous nest placement has resulted in more nest records for this recent arrival than exist for any native British bumble bee species. In “helping itself” to an anthropogenic nesting niche, B. hypnorum highlights how important appropriate nesting sites are in determining which bumble bee species can live in any given area. Detailed information on nest site preferences and availability needs to inform conservation measures for threatened native species.
Curcumin for depression: protocol for meta-analysis
Creators: name: Fusar-Poli, Laura
name: Vozza, Lucia
name: Gabbiadini, Alberto
name: Vanella, Antonio
name: Concas, Ilaria
name: Tinacci, Silvia
name: Petralia, Antonino
name: Signorelli, Maria Salvina
name: Aguglia, Eugenio
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111199 Nutrition and Dietetics not elsewhere classified
subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: This is the protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at evaluating the effect of curcumin on depressive disorders.
Enhancing scientists' public outreach activities: the scicomm4all project
Creators: name: Bilak, Fanny
name: Varga, Máté
name: Ambrósio, Susana
name: Martinelli, Lucia
name: Ferreira, Miguel
name: Ponce, Rita
name: Branquinho, Raquel
name: Dufour, D. Héloïse
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This poster presents the SciComm4all program and all the information needed to participate. SciComm4all aims to provide scientists with an overview of best practices in science communication with resources including a short and innovative video format. This program offers researchers short, self-guided learning modules composed of videos, additional resources (scientific articles, blogs, guidelines and toolkits...) and a self-assessment tool that will help scientists get familiar with the most important concepts in science communication. If you want more information, please write to us: contact@scicomm4all.org or visit our website : https://www.cerclefser.org/en/scicomm4all-presentation/
Observation of thermodynamics originating from a mixed-spin ferromagnetic chain
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, H.
name: Furuya, S. C.
name: Morota, S.
name: Shimono, S.
name: Kawakami, T.
name: Kusanose, Y.
name: Shimura, Y.
name: Nakano, K.
name: Hosokoshi, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model compound that forms a mixed-spin ferromagnetic chain. Our material design, based on the organic radicals, affords a verdazyl-based complex (p-Py-V)2[Mn(hfac)2]. The molecular orbital calculations of the compound indicate the formation of a mixed spin-(1/2, 1/2, 5/2) ferromagnetic chain. The temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility reveals its ferromagnetic behavior. The magnetic specific heat exhibits a double-peak structure and indicates a phase transition at the low-temperature peak. The observed characteristics are explained using the quantum Monte Carlo calculations. Furthermore, the modified spin-wave theory verifies that the double-peak structure of the specific heat significantly reflects the relative ration of the acoustic excitation band and the optical excitation gap.