cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Crash Performance of Pre-Impregnated Platelet Based Molded Composites
Creators: name: Cutting, Rebecca A
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2019
Subjects: Aerospace structures
Aerospace materials
Automotive engineering materials
Automotive safety engineering

description: Platelets made of slit and chopped unidirectional, carbon-fiber prepreg are becoming a popular option for use as a high performance molding compound because of their high fiber volume fraction and increased ability to flow compared to continuous fiber systems. As this molding compound is newly introduced to industry, increasing amounts of research have gone into understanding how platelets flow during molding and how components perform mechanically based on the final orientation state of platelets. This work investigates the performance of prepreg platelet molding compound (PPMC) as a viable alternative to continuous fiber systems for use with geometrically complex structural members on vehicles subjected to collisions. In doing so, the crash performance, energy absorption, and failure morphology of crush tubes made with PPMC are investigated and quantified. Then, a simulation methodology is developed to obtain manufacturing-informed performance models to predict the effect of platelet orientation state on mechanical behavior of PPMC components. This methodology uses a building block approach where each block in modeling is verified against closed-form solution (when available) and validated against experimental results. Once confidence is developed in a modeling block, the complexity of the simulation is increased until a component with full platelet orientation distribution is captured. The result is PPMC component models that are capable of predicting mechanical performance in orientation regimes that are not investigated experimentally.
CHARGED INTERFACES: EQUILIBRIUM PROPERTIES, PHASE TRANSITIONS, AND MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION
Creators: name: Karra, Suryanarayana
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2019
Subjects: Materials engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Surfaces and interfaces in ionic solids play a pivotal role in defining the trans- port properties and microstructural evolution in many of the existing and emerging material applications, including energy-related systems such as fuel cells, recharge- able batteries, as well as advanced electronics such as those found in semiconducting, ferroelectric, and piezotronic applications. Here, a variational framework has been developed to understand the effects of ionic species and point defects on the structural, electrochemical and chemomechanical stability of grain boundaries in polycrystalline ceramics. The theory predicts the equilibrium and phase transition conditions of charged interfaces, and quantifies the properties induced by the broad region of electrochemical and chemomechanical influence in front of a grain boundary capable of spanning anywhere from a few angstroms to entire grains. As an example application, the microstructural mechanisms leading to the onset of the flash during electric field assisted sintering were predicted, where the experimentally observed cascading charge flow, resulting in the onset of a flash event was rationalized. Also, the model was applied to describe the effects of grain boundary drag by the interfacially accumulated ionic species and charged defects during grain growth under electrical, chemical, mechanical, or structural driving forces. Finally, abnormal grain growth in ionic solids with an emphasis on the structural and electrochemical character of the grain boundaries was demonstrated. Here, two moving grain boundary types, highly mobile and immobile interfaces are identified, resulting in three grain size populations.
Os dinossauros do Crystal Palace e suas várias reconstruções
Creators: name: Corsini Filho, Caio
name: Araújo, Bruna
name: Stefano, Waldir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Em um mundo com dinossauros presentes em filmes, livros, jogos digitais, quadrinhos, desenhos animados eoutras mídias de entretenimento, não é fácil ignorar a sua prevalência na cultura popular moderna. Apesar de nuncaterem coexistido com os seres humanos e das primeiras descobertas no século XIX ainda serem relativamente recentesna história, os grandes répteis não falharam em inspirar admiração e em estimular a imaginação de muitas pessoas. Asfranquias de filmes Jurassic Park / World e Godzilla juntamente com muitas outras produções feitas para diversos tiposde mídias como livros, jogos, brinquedos etc. serviram para popularizar os dinossauros pelo mundo todo, tornando-osquase parte do dia a dia de muitos e moldando a visão que a sociedade tem desses répteis, um fenômeno que StephenJay Gould (1941-2002) referiu como “Dinomania” (Gould, 1997). Em vista da prevalência dos dinossauros na culturapopular, pode ser difícil imaginar um período em que eles ainda não tinham sido descobertos, um período em que nadase sabia da diversidade e muito menos da aparência deles.
Female Control of Reproductive Success in Arabidopsis thaliana
Creators: name: Yuan, Jing
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2019
Subjects: Plant biology not elsewhere classified

description: In flowering plants, successful pollination is important for sexual reproduction. It involves a series of intercellular communication pathways between male and female tissues. This cell-cell communication includes the attraction and reception of the male gametophyte, or pollen tube (PT), by the synergid cells of the female gametophyte, also known as the embryo sac (ES). To achieve reproductive success, it is important to manipulate reproduction at both quality and quantity levels. In other words, flowering plants can only produce as many seeds as they produce ovules and these ovules must be able to be fertilized to make seeds. In Arabidopsis thaliana, NORTIA (NTA), a member of the MILDEW RESISTANCE LOCUS O (MLO) family of proteins, plays a critical role in the communication process that regulates PT reception. Upon PT arrival at the filiform apparatus, NTAbecomes polarly redistributed from the Golgi-associated compartment to the filiform apparatus of the synergid cell, indicating that PT-triggered regulation of the synergid secretory system is important for synergid function during pollination. In the first part of this dissertation, I will describe my research of the female controlled reproductive success at molecular and cell biology level with a focus on NTA. Moreover, the ovules contain the female gametophytes which are fertilized during pollination to initiate seed development. Thus, ovule development is an essential and crucial process during plant growth. More importantly, the number of ovules will limit the quantity of reproductive success. However, the major regulators are still poorly understood. The remaining chapters of my dissertation describethe identification of key components that affect the number of ovules during plant development by using natural variation in Arabidopsis thaliana and the correlations of ovule number with flowering time. Discovering new ovule number regulators could provide new tools for improving the agricultural productivity.
A DESIGN PARADIGM FOR DC GENERATION SYSTEM
Creators: name: Zhang, Bo
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2020
Subjects: Electrical engineering not elsewhere classified

description: The design of a dc generation system is posed as a multi-objective optimization problem which simultaneously designs the generator and the power converter. The proposed design methodology captures the interaction between various system component models and utilizes the system steady state analysis, stability analysis, and disturbance rejection analysis. System mass and power loss are considered as the optimization metrics and minimized. The methodology is demonstrated through the design of a notional dc generation system which contains a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM), passive rectifier, and a dc-dc converter. To this end, a high fidelity PMSM model, passive rectifier model, semiconductor model and passive component model are developed. The output of optimization is a set of designs forming a Pareto-optimal front. Based on the requirements and the application, a design can be chosen from this set of designs. The methodology is applied to SiC based dc generation system and Si based dc generation system to quantify the advantage of Wide Bandgap (WBG) devices. A prototype SiC based dc generation system is constructed and tested at steady state. Finally a thermal equivalent circuit (TEC) based PMSM thermal model is included in the design paradigm to quantify the impact of the PMSM’s thermal performance to the system design.
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of computed tomography in the diagnosis of ultrasound-proven diaphragm dysfunction
Creators: name: Lallement, Pauline
name: Boussuges, Alain
name: Habert, Paul
name: Bermudez, Julien
name: Reynaud-Gaubert, Martine
name: Delliaux, Stéphane
name: Bregeon, Fabienne
name: Coiffard, Benjamin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Spearman’s correlation matrix between ultrasound and CT scan measurements. A, Correlation between ultrasound and CT scan measurements on the right side of the 65 patients included in the study. B, Correlation between ultrasound and CT scan measurements on the left side of the 65 patients included in the study. L1 = pillar thickness at the level of L1 on CT scan, Celiac = pillar thickness at the level of the celiac artery on CT scan, Amp QB = amplitude during quiet breathing, Amp DB = amplitude during deep breathing, Amp VS = amplitude during voluntary sniffing, Tee = thickness at end-expiration, Tei = thickness at end-inspiration, Tei max = = thickness at the end of maximal inspiration, TF max = maximal thickening fraction. Each significance level is associated with a symbol: *** for p <0.001, ** for p <0.01, * for p <0.05, square dot for p <0.10
Ameghino e Suas Leis de Seriação de Caracteres: Um Instrumento para a Paleontologia Evolutiva
Creators: name: Caponi, Gustavo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Florentino Ameghino (Lujan, 1854 – La Plata, 1911), o primeiro cientista argentino cujo trabalho alcançouverdadeiro reconhecimento internacional (cf. Cope, 1891), não foi apenas esse caçador de fósseis, tenaz e prolífico, queBuffetaut (2013) e outros souberam retratar. Sua pioneira obra programática, Filogenia (Ameghino, 1915[1884]), mostraque seu trabalho empírico estava guiado por uma clara compreensão do modo pelo qual a Paleontologia deveria inserirseem uma História Natural reorganizada pela perspectiva darwiniana, contribuindo assim para seu desenvolvimento edefinitiva consolidação. No que tange a isso, são muito importantes as leis de seriação filogenética de caracteres, cujaenunciação e apresentação constituíam, segundo o próprio Ameghino (1915[1884], p.502-3), o núcleo e a principalcontribuição dessa obra, que hoje serve como um documento sumamente eloquente a respeito do modo como odarwinismo impactou a Paleontologia e a História Natural em geral (cf. Caponi: 2017; 2022).
sj-pdf-2-tam-10.1177_17588359211018018 – Supplemental material for Is there any room for PD-1 inhibitors in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy as frontline treatment of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis with indirect comparisons among subgroups and landmark survival analyses
Creators: name: Gristina, Valerio
name: Galvano, Antonio
name: Castellana, Luisa
name: Insalaco, Lavinia
name: Cusenza, Stefania
name: Graceffa, Giuseppa
name: Iacono, Federica
name: Barraco, Nadia
name: Castiglia, Marta
name: Perez, Alessandro
name: Rizzo, Sergio
name: Russo, Antonio
name: Bazan, Viviana
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111299 Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111702 Aged Health Care
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110203 Respiratory Diseases

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-tam-10.1177_17588359211018018 for Is there any room for PD-1 inhibitors in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy as frontline treatment of extensive-stage small cell lung cancer? A systematic review and meta-analysis with indirect comparisons among subgroups and landmark survival analyses by Valerio Gristina, Antonio Galvano, Luisa Castellana, Lavinia Insalaco, Stefania Cusenza, Giuseppa Graceffa, Federica Iacono, Nadia Barraco, Marta Castiglia, Alessandro Perez, Sergio Rizzo, Antonio Russo and Viviana Bazan in Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology
Supplemental Material, sj-docx-1-jgp-10.1177_08919887211029383 - Differential Relationships Between the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Informant-Rated Cognitive Decline Among Mexican Americans and Non-Hispanic Whites
Creators: name: Briceño, Emily M.
name: Mehdipanah, Roshanak
name: Gonzales, Xavier F.
name: Heeringa, Steven G.
name: Levine, Deborah A.
name: Langa, Kenneth M.
name: Zahs, Daniel
name: Garcia, Nelda
name: Longoria, Ruth
name: Vargas, Alejandro
name: Morgenstern, Lewis B.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110308 Geriatrics and Gerontology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: Neuroscience

description: Supplemental Material, sj-docx-1-jgp-10.1177_08919887211029383 for Differential Relationships Between the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and Informant-Rated Cognitive Decline Among Mexican Americans and Non-Hispanic Whites by Emily M. Briceño, Roshanak Mehdipanah, Xavier F. Gonzales, Steven G. Heeringa, Deborah A. Levine, Kenneth M. Langa, Daniel Zahs, Nelda Garcia, Ruth Longoria, Alejandro Vargas and Lewis B. Morgenstern in Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology
sj-pdf-1-jrn-10.1177_17449871211003112 - Supplemental material for Developing research knowledge and capability in undergraduate nurses: evaluation of targeted placements
Creators: name: Menzies, Julie C
name: Emms, Karl
name: Valler, Tracey
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jrn-10.1177_17449871211003112 for Developing research knowledge and capability in undergraduate nurses: evaluation of targeted placements by Julie C Menzies, Karl Emms and Tracey Valler in Journal of Research in Nursing
sj-docx-1-ptx-10.1177_00905917211027835 – Supplemental material for The Political Theory of Data: Institutions, Algorithms, & Formats in Racial Redlining
Creators: name: Koopman, Colin
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-ptx-10.1177_00905917211027835 for The Political Theory of Data: Institutions, Algorithms, & Formats in Racial Redlining by Colin Koopman in Political Theory
Simultaneous Road Objects and Lane Detection Models in Autonomous Vehicles
Creators: name: Omodaratan, Busuyi
Publisher: name: RMIT University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 400703
subject: Autonomous vehicle systems
classificationCode: 460207
subject: Modelling and simulation
classificationCode: 400702
subject: Automation engineering

description: Poor road boundary lanes and detections of road objects have been identified as some of the serious causes of road accidents, in both conventional and autonomous driving. Therefore, it is critical to develop models that could help autonomous vehicles' perception systems while accurately identifying and locating road objects from images and video frames. However, the existing models face a series of challenges due to the highly complex nature of the road traffic scene and the influence of various road objects on the manoeuvring. Most of the existing models cannot simultaneously detect all the major road objects, with some, either detecting lanes or detecting some of the road objects. To address these gaps, the combined road objects and lane detection model was developed using the You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithm. As a first step, a model was developed to detect road objects only and the results were compared with existing studies. Next, another model was developed to detect road lanes based on YOLOv8 capability. Finally, an improved YOLOv8 model was developed to simultaneously detect road objects and lanes. To achieve this, the YOLOv8 model was tuned and optimised using various optimization approaches considering several hyperparameters such as activation functions and regularisation methods. Further, the effect of augmentation was investigated using three techniques; cut-out, rotation and rotation with noise. Also, the effect of the data stream on the performance of the model was investigated based on the obtained hyperparameter. The relevant performance metrics such as precision, F1, and recall were deployed. In addition, mean average precision calculated at an intersection over union (IoU) threshold of 0.5 and 0.95 was reported to assess the model's detection capabilities. The results from this study were further compared with some existing studies such as Feature Pyramid Networks, Task-aligned One-stage Object Detection, Dynamic R-CNN Probabilistic Anchor Assignment with IoU Prediction, Sparse R-CNN and CenterNet to demonstrate the contribution of the model. Further, the performance of the models based on different dataset (Curated data, COCO, and KITTI) showed that curated data outperformed others across all the performance metrics. Notably, curated data has the most promising results with precision, recall and F1 score of 0.68, 0.61, and 0.64, respectively. The success of the curated dataset highlights the significance of tailoring datasets to the specific nuances of the targeted application domain. Finally, the conclusion and recommendations were made based on the findings from the study.
Additional file 1 of “The power imbalance was blown out the window”: developing and implementing creative workshops to enhance communication of statistics in patient and public involvement in clinical trials
Creators: name: Goulao, Beatriz
name: Morisson, Susan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Table 1 - GRIPP 2 short form.
Predicted column heights for carbon dioxide storage in New Zealand based on membrane seal capacity
Creators: name: Field, BD
Publisher: name: GNS Science
Year: 2015

description: The underground storage of carbon dioxide requires assessments of many factors but particularly of security of storage. One of the main contributors to security of storage is the membrane capacity of seal units. This report uses mercury injection capillary pressure threshold entry pressures to assess the membrane seal capacities and hence column heights of various New Zealand mudstones. Column heights are estimated at in situ conditions for the samples analysed, except that where samples were from outcrops or from well depths shallower than 1000 m, column heights were estimated based on an arbitrary depth of 1000 m (to approximate a reasonable shallow limit for supercritical carbon dioxide storage). There are few identifiable trends in column height, most probably because of variations in grain size and burial histories, but the results overall indicate that there are generally good membrane seal capacities in mudstones of Eocene to mid Miocene age at depths suitable for storage (1000–2500 m). (auth)
Wissenschaftliche Begründung für die Aktualisierung der Empfehlungen zur Indikationsimpfung gegen Pneumokokken für Risikogruppen
Creators: name: Koch-Institut, Robert
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsberichterstattung
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Die Ständige Impfkommission (STIKO) hat unter Berücksichtigung neuer Daten und der Verfügbarkeit eines zusätzlichen Impfstoffs für Erwachsene ihre Empfehlungen zur Indikationsimpfung gegen Pneumokokken für Risikogruppen aktualisiert. In dieser Ausgabe des Epidemiologischen Bulletins findet sich die wissenschaftliche Begründung für diese Aktualisierung. Die wissenschaftliche Begründung für die ebenfalls aktualisierte Empfehlung für die Standardimpfung der Senioren ab 60 Jahren wurde in der Ausgabe 36/2016 des Epidemiologischen Bulletins veröffentlicht.
Design a control system for micro-controller
Creators: name: Ji, Bo
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2019
Subjects: Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis report demonstrates a process of designing a control system for a low-cost micro-manipulator fabricated through 3D printing technique. A 3D printed micro-manipulator easily suﬀers from the problems of unexpected and non-uniform output motions, so a control system is designed to mitigate the external disturbance and improve the output precision of output motions, operation complexity, and motion capability. The overall design process consists of mechanical fabrication, control system design and experimental validations. From the results of validations tests, the 3D printed micro-manipulator is able to generate three dimensional(X, Y, and Z) motorized movements with the travel range at 38mm in each dimension. Also, it can provide an adjustable output resolution based on diﬀerent parameter settings in the control system. The minimum step size can reach to 0.76 µm/step. The suggested step size is 2µm/step due to the limitation of perception resolution. The average output precision of the output motion is bounded within 5 µm in the validation tests. In order to improve the user experiences, the suitable operation speed for each dimension ranges from 25 to 50 µm/s. Users can easily control the 3D printed micro-manipulator to do some simple micro-manipulation tasks by manipulating micro-samples through teleoperated or semi-autonomous control provided in the control system. The parts used to build the micro-manipulator are common, oﬀ-the-shelf, or 3D printed, so users can easily do the maintenance or repairs on the 3D printed micro-manipulator.
Additional file 1 of How a multidimensional ecology education approach can enhance college curricula to implement the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
Creators: name: Klemow, Kenneth M.
name: Cid, Carmen R.
name: Jablonski, Leanne M.
name: Haas, Don A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Active Replication of Porcine Cytomegalovirus (PCMV) Following Transplantation of a Pig Heart into a Baboon despite Undetected Virus in the Donor Pig
Creators: name: Morozov, Vladimir A.
name: Abicht, Jan-Michael
name: Reichart, Bruno
name: Mayr, Tanja
name: Guethoff, Sonja
name: Denner, Joachim
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionskrankheiten / Erreger
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Viral zoonoses may represent a serious problem when xenotransplantation using pig cells, tissues, and organs will be performed. Recently we reported multiorgan failure, mainly liver failure, in a baboon (Papio anubis) after orthotopic transplantation of a heart from a genetically modified pig and showed that the baboon was not infected with hepatitis E virus (HEV). Since pigs are frequently infected with porcine cytomegalovirus (PCMV), and the infection is latent and therefore difficult to detect, screening for PCMV was performed, using a highly sensitive real-time PCR and a nested PCR. In addition, to confirm the absence of HEV, more specific immunological methods and a real-time PCR were used. Only two out of six available pigs, including the selected donor animal, were found negative for both viruses. Nevertheless, PCMV was detected in the blood of the baboon. The titre of PCMV in the blood was above 3x104/ ml and analysis of its sequence confirmed that it was PCMV, but not baboon CMV. The data highlight a considerable risk of PCMV infection and call for regular screening of donor pigs applying the most sensitive detection methods.
Additional file 2 of How a multidimensional ecology education approach can enhance college curricula to implement the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
Creators: name: Klemow, Kenneth M.
name: Cid, Carmen R.
name: Jablonski, Leanne M.
name: Haas, Don A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplementary Material 2
Antivirale Arzneimittel bei saisonaler und pandemischer Influenza
Creators: name: Lehnert, Regine
name: Pletz, Mathias
name: Reuss, Annicka
name: Schaberg, Tom
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionsepidemiologie
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Hintergrund: Für die Prophylaxe und Therapie der Influenza sind in Deutschland Amantadin, Oseltamivir und Zanamivir verfügbar. Dieser Beitrag gibt eine Übersicht über deren Wirksamkeit und Verträglichkeit. Methode: Diese Übersicht basiert auf einer systematischen Literatursuche zu randomisierten kontrollierten Studien (RCTs) und systematischen Reviews, unter Berücksichtigung weiterer Literatur. Ergebnisse: Die Wirksamkeit der antiviralen Arzneimittel zur Prophylaxe symptomatischer Influenzaerkrankungen betrug in Abhängigkeit von Population und Art der Prophylaxe 60–90 % („number needed to treat“ [NNT]: 8–89). Antivirale Arzneimittel verkürzten die Krankheitsdauer um 0,5–1,5 Tage, wenn sie innerhalb von 48 Stunden nach Symptombeginn angewendet wurden. Bronchitiden bei Erwachsenen und Otitis media bei Kindern traten unter Neuraminidasehemmern nicht signifikant seltener auf. Bei angegebenen, aber diagnostisch oftmals nicht gesicherten Pneumonien zeigten sich bei Erwachsenen positive Effekte (NNT: 89 [50–232]). In die RCTs wurden nur leicht bis moderat erkrankte Patienten eingeschlossen. Sie ließen keinen Einfluss auf schwere Erkrankungsverläufe oder Letalität erkennen, positive Hinweise liegen aber aus Beobachtungsstudien vor. Die häufigsten Nebenwirkungen von Oseltamivir (> 10 %) waren Kopfschmerzen, Übelkeit und Erbrechen, von Zanamivir (> 1 %) Hautausschlag und von Amantadin (> 1 %) Appetitlosigkeit, Übelkeit und zentralnervöse Effekte. Schlussfolgerung: Das Nutzen-Risiko-Verhältnis der antiviralen Arzneimittel, insbesondere der Neuraminidasehemmer, wird als positiv bewertet. Die Indikationsstellung sollte unter Abwägung der Eigenschaften der zirkulierenden Viren sowie der individuellen Risikokonstellation des Patienten gemäß klinischer Therapieempfehlungen gestellt werden.
Sozioökonomische Unterschiede in der körperlich-sportlichen Aktivität von Erwerbstätigen im mittleren Lebensalter
Creators: name: Hoebel, Jens
name: Finger, Jonas D.
name: Kuntz, Benjamin
name: Lampert, Thomas
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsberichterstattung
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Körperliche Aktivität
subject: Sport
subject: Soziale Determinanten
subject: Sozialer Status
subject: Bewegungsförderung
subject: Physical activity
subject: Socioeconomic position
subject: Exercise
subject: Social determinants
subject: Physical activity promotion
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Hintergrund: Regelmäßige Bewegung hat in jedem Alter einen positiven Einfluss auf die Gesundheit. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wurde untersucht, inwieweit körperliche Aktivität sowie regelmäßiges Sporttreiben als spezifischere Form körperlicher Betätigung mit sozioökonomischen Merkmalen von Erwerbstätigen im mittleren Lebensalter zusammenhängen. Methoden: Die Analysen basieren auf Daten von 21.699 Erwerbstätigen im Alter zwischen 30 und 64 Jahren, die an den deutschlandweiten Querschnittsstudien „Gesundheit in Deutschland aktuell“ (GEDA) 2009 und 2010 des Robert Koch-Instituts teilgenommen haben. Neben einem mehrdimensionalen Index des sozioökonomischen Status (SES) wurden auch die statusbildenden Einzeldimensionen Bildung, Beruf und Einkommen betrachtet, um sozioökonomische Unterschiede in der körperlichen Aktivität und im regelmäßigen Sporttreiben zu analysieren. Ergebnisse: Während die Prävalenz von körperlicher Aktivität allgemein mit sinkendem SES anstieg, nahm der Anteil regelmäßig Sporttreibender mit sinkendem SES ab. Diese Zusammenhänge blieben jeweils nach Kontrolle für das Lebensalter bei Männern und Frauen bestehen. Bei wechselseitiger Kontrolle der SES-Einzeldimensionen war die körperliche Aktivität mit geringerer Bildung und niedrigerem Berufsstatus assoziiert. Regelmäßiges Sporttreiben ging hingegen mit besserer Bildung, höherem Berufsstatus und höherem Einkommen einher. Diskussion: Die Ergebnisse weisen auf deutliche sozioökonomische Unterschiede in der körperlichen Aktivität und sportlichen Betätigung von Erwerbstätigen im mittleren Lebensalter hin. Dabei kommt Bildung, Beruf und Einkommen eine jeweils eigenständige Bedeutung für das Bewegungsverhalten zu. Bei der Ermittlung von Zielgruppen für bewegungsfördernde Maßnahmen sollten diese Unterschiede berücksichtigt werden.
Vitamin D and mortality: Individual participant data meta-analysis of standardized 25-hydroxyvitamin D in 26916 individuals from a European consortium
Creators: name: Gaksch, Martin
name: Jorde, Rolf
name: Grimnes, Guri
name: Joakimsen, Ragnar
name: Schirmer, Henrik
name: Wilsgaard, Tom
name: Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.
name: Njølstad, Inger
name: Løchen, Maja-Lisa
name: März, Winfried
name: Kleber, Marcus E.
name: Tomaschitz, Andreas
name: Grübler, Martin
name: Eiriksdottir, Gudny
name: Gudmundsson, Elias F.
name: Harris, Tamara B.
name: Cotch, Mary F.
name: Aspelund, Thor
name: Gudnason, Vilmundur
name: Rutters, Femke
name: Busch, Markus A.
name: Mensink, Gert
name: Scheidt-Nave, Christa
name: Thamm, Michael
name: Pilz, Stefan
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsberichterstattung
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: Vitamin D deficiency may be a risk factor for mortality but previous meta-analyses lacked standardization of laboratory methods for 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations and used aggregate data instead of individual participant data (IPD). We therefore performed an IPD meta-analysis on the association between standardized serum 25(OH)D and mortality. Methods: In a European consortium of eight prospective studies, including seven general population cohorts, we used the Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP) protocols to standardize 25(OH)D data. Meta-analyses using a one step procedure on IPD were performed to study associations of 25(OH)D with all-cause mortality as the primary outcome, and with cardiovascular and cancer mortality as secondary outcomes. This meta-analysis is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02438488. Findings: We analysed 26916 study participants (median age 61.6 years, 58% females) with a median 25(OH)D concentration of 53.8 nmol/L. During a median follow-up time of 10.5 years, 6802 persons died. Compared to participants with 25(OH)D concentrations of 75 to 99.99 nmol/L, the adjusted hazard ratios (with 95% confidence interval) for mortality in the 25(OH)D groups with 40 to 49.99, 30 to 39.99, and
Additional file 3 of How a multidimensional ecology education approach can enhance college curricula to implement the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
Creators: name: Klemow, Kenneth M.
name: Cid, Carmen R.
name: Jablonski, Leanne M.
name: Haas, Don A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplementary Material 3
Porcine Circoviruses and Xenotransplantation
Creators: name: Denner, Joachim
name: Mankertz, Annette
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionskrankheiten / Erreger
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: xenotransplantation
subject: porcine circoviruses
subject: transspecies transmission of viruses
subject: virus safety of xenotransplantation
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Allotransplantation and xenotransplantation may be associated with the transmission of pathogens from the donor to the recipient. Whereas in the case of allotransplantation the transmitted microorganisms and their pathogenic effect are well characterized, the possible influence of porcine microorganisms on humans is mostly unknown. Porcine circoviruses (PCVs) are common in pig breeds and they belong to porcine microorganisms that still have not been fully addressed in terms of evaluating the potential risk of xenotransplantation using pig cells, tissues, and organs. Two types of PCVs are known: porcine circovirus (PCV) 1 and PCV2. Whereas PCV1 is apathogenic in pigs, PCV2 may induce severe pig diseases. Although most pigs are subclinically infected, we do not know whether this infection impairs pig transplant functionality, particularly because PCV2 is immunosuppressive. In addition, vaccination against PCV2 is able to prevent diseases, but in most cases not transmission of the virus. Therefore, PCV2 has to be eliminated to obtain xenotransplants from uninfected healthy animals. Although there is evidence that PCV2 does not infect—at least immunocompetent—humans, animals should be screened using sensitive methods to ensure virus elimination by selection, Cesarean delivery, vaccination, or embryo transfer.
Additional file 4 of How a multidimensional ecology education approach can enhance college curricula to implement the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
Creators: name: Klemow, Kenneth M.
name: Cid, Carmen R.
name: Jablonski, Leanne M.
name: Haas, Don A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplementary Material 4
Estimating true incidence of O157 and non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli illness in Germany based on notification data of haemolytic uraemic syndrome
Creators: name: Kühne, Anna
name: Bouwknegt, M.
name: Havelaar, A.
name: Gilsdorf, A.
name: Hoyer, P.
name: Stark, Klaus
name: Werber, Dirk
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionsepidemiologie
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: incidence
subject: Escherichia coli O157
subject: Burden of illness
subject: Monte Carlo method
subject: enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is an important cause of gastroenteritis (GE) and haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS). Incidence of STEC illness is largely underestimated in notification data, particularly of serogroups other than O157 (‘non-O157’). Using HUS national notification data (2008–2012, excluding 2011), we modelled true annual incidence of STEC illness in Germany separately for O157 and non-O157 STEC, taking into account the groups’ different probabilities of causing bloody diarrhoea and HUS, and the resulting difference in their under-ascertainment. Uncertainty of input parameters was evaluated by stochastic Monte Carlo simulations. Median annual incidence (per 100 000 population) of STEC-associated HUS and STEC-GE was estimated at 0·11 [95% credible interval (CrI) 0·08-0·20], and 35 (95% CrI 12-145), respectively. German notification data underestimated STEC-associated HUS and STEC-GE incidences by factors of 1·8 and 32·3, respectively. Non-O157 STEC accounted for 81% of all STEC-GE, 51% of all bloody STEC-GE and 32% of all STEC-associated HUS cases. Non-O157 serogroups dominate incidence of STEC-GE and contribute significantly to STEC-associated HUS in Germany. This might apply to many other countries considering European surveillance data on HUS. Non-O157 STEC should be considered in parallel with STEC O157 when searching aetiology in patients with GE or HUS, and accounted for in modern surveillance systems.
Varicella-zoster virus seroprevalence in children and adolescents in the pre-varicella vaccine era, Germany
Creators: name: Wiese-Posselt, Miriam
name: Siedler, Anette
name: Mankertz, Annette
name: Sauerbrei, Andreas
name: Hengel, Hartmut
name: Wichmann, Ole
name: Poethko-Müller, Christina
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionsepidemiologie
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Seroprevalence
subject: Varicella-zoster virus
subject: Elisa
subject: FAMA
subject: Varicella vaccination
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: In 2004, universal childhood varicella vaccination was introduced in Germany. We aimed to determine the age-specific prevalence of anti-varicella zoster virus (VZV) IgG-antibodies among children in the pre-varicella vaccine era in Germany, to identify factors associated with VZV seropositivity, and to assess the suitability of a commercially available ELISA for VZV seroepidemiological studies by comparing it with an in-house fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen test (FAMA) as the gold standard. Methods: Serum samples of 13,433 children and adolescents aged 1–17 years included in the population-based German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS; conducted 2003–2006) were tested for anti-VZV IgG by ELISA. All samples with equivocal ELISA results and a random selection of ELISA-negative and -positive samples were tested by FAMA. Statistical analyses were conducted using a weighting factor adjusting the study population to the total population in Germany. Seroprevalences were calculated as percentages (%) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Odds ratios (OR) were computed by multivariate logistic regression to determine the association between socio-demographic factors and VZV seropositivity. Results: The VZV seropositivity rate was 80.3% (95% CI: 79.3–81.3) in varicella-unvaccinated children and adolescents. VZV seropositivity rates differed significantly between age groups up to age 6 years, but not by gender. Of 118 retested serum samples with an equivocal ELISA result, 45.8% were FAMA-positive. The proportion of samples tested as false-negative in by ELISA varied by age group: 2.6% in children aged 1–6 and 9% in children aged 7–17 years. Multivariate analyses showed that age, having older siblings, and early daycare start were associated with seropositivity in preschoolers; migration background reduced the chance of VZV seropositivity in schoolchildren (OR: 0.65; 0.43–0.99) and adolescents (OR: 0.62; 0.4–0.97). Conclusion: In the pre-varicella vaccine era, most children in Germany contracted varicella by age six. Schoolchildren with a migration background and children without siblings have an increased risk of being VZV seronegative and should be targeted for catch-up vaccination, if they have no history of chickenpox. ELISAs are suitable for use in population-level serosurveys on VZV, but samples with equivocal ELISA results should be retested by FAMA.
Establishing an ICD-10 code based SARI-surveillance in Germany – description of the system and first results from five recent influenza seasons
Creators: name: Buda, Silke
name: Tolksdorf, Kristin
name: Schuler, E.
name: Kuhlen, R.
name: Haas, Walter
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionsepidemiologie
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Influenza
subject: Hospital surveillance
subject: Severe acute respiratory infections
subject: ICD-10-codes
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: Syndromic surveillance of severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) is important to assess seriousness of disease as recommended by WHO for influenza. In 2015 the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) started to collaborate with a private hospital network to develop a SARI surveillance system using case-based data on ICD-10 codes. This first-time description of the system shows its application to the analysis of five influenza seasons. Methods: Since week 40/2015, weekly updated anonymized data on discharged patients overall and on patients with respiratory illness including ICD-10 codes of primary and secondary diagnoses are transferred from the network data center to RKI. Retrospective datasets were also provided. Our descriptive analysis is based on data of 47 sentinel hospitals collected between weeks 1/2012 to 20/2016. We applied three different SARI case definitions (CD) based on ICD-10 codes for discharge diagnoses of respiratory tract infections (J09 - J22): basic CD (BCD), using only primary diagnoses; sensitive CD (SCD), using primary and secondary diagnoses; timely CD (TCD), using only primary diagnoses of patients hospitalized up to one week. We compared the CD with regard to severity, age distribution and timeliness and with results from the national primary care sentinel system. Results: The 47 sentinel hospitals covered 3.6% of patients discharged from all German hospitals in 2013. The SCD comprised 2.2 times patients as the BCD, and 3.6 times as many as the TCD. Time course of SARI cases corresponded well to results from primary care surveillance and influenza virus circulation. The patients fulfilling the TCD had been completely reported after 3 weeks, which was fastest among the CD. The proportion of SARI cases among patients was highest in the youngest age group of below 5-year-olds. However, the age group 60 years and above contributed most SARI cases. This was irrespective of the CD used. Conclusions: In general, available data and the implemented reporting system are appropriate to provide timely and reliable information on SARI in inpatients in Germany. Our ICD-10-based approach proved to be useful for fulfilling requirements for SARI surveillance. The exploratory approach gave valuable insights in data structure and emphasized the advantages of different CD.
Die Polioeradikation ist ohne Laborcontainment chancenlos
Creators: name: Diedrich, Sabine
name: Keeren, Kathrin
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsberichterstattung
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Welt-Poliotag
subject: Polio
subject: Polioeradikation
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Als die globale Polioeradikationsinitiative (GPEI) 1988 von der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) und ihren Partnern ins Leben gerufen wurde, erkrankten täglich mehr als 1.000 Kinder weltweit an Polio. Seither wurden mehr als 2,5 Milliarden Kinder gegen Polio immunisiert. Dies war möglich durch die Zusammenarbeit von mehr als 200 Ländern und 20 Millionen Freiwilligen, unterstützt durch internationale Investitionen von mehr als 11 Milliarden US-Dollar. Inzwischen gibt es nur drei Länder, in denen die Poliovirus-Zirkulation nicht beendet werden konnte: Afghanistan, Pakistan und Nigeria. Im Jahr 2016 wurden weltweit 37 Poliofälle durch Poliowildviren (WPV) ausgelöst; davon traten 20 Fälle in Pakistan und 13 Fälle in Afghanistan auf. Nachdem Nigeria 2015 bereits als poliofrei galt, wurden dort 2016 wieder vier Poliofälle gemeldet. Bislang wurden für 2017 weltweit 12 Fälle mit WPV registriert. Leider stieg die Zahl der Erkrankungsfälle durch zirkulierende, vom Impfstoff abgeleitete Polioviren (cVDPV) von fünf Fällen im Jahr 2016 auf bislang 61 Fälle im Jahr 2017 (Stand: 20. Oktober 2017).
Additional file 5 of How a multidimensional ecology education approach can enhance college curricula to implement the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
Creators: name: Klemow, Kenneth M.
name: Cid, Carmen R.
name: Jablonski, Leanne M.
name: Haas, Don A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplementary Material 5
sj-docx-1-aut-10.1177_13623613211033757 – Supplemental material for Caregiver perspectives on the impact of uncertainty on the everyday lives of autistic children and their families
Creators: name: Goodwin, Jane
name: Rob, Priyanka
name: Freeston, Mark
name: Garland, Deborah
name: Grahame, Victoria
name: Kernohan, Ashleigh
name: Labus, Marie
name: Osborne, Malcolm
name: Parr, Jeremy R
name: Wright, Catharine
name: Rodgers, Jacqui
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Education
subject: 130312 Special Education and Disability
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-aut-10.1177_13623613211033757 for Caregiver perspectives on the impact of uncertainty on the everyday lives of autistic children and their families by Jane Goodwin, Priyanka Rob, Mark Freeston, Deborah Garland, Victoria Grahame, Ashleigh Kernohan, Marie Labus, Malcolm Osborne, Jeremy R Parr, Catharine Wright and Jacqui Rodgers in Autism
Additional file 1 of Fostering positive attitudes toward food in individuals with restrained eating: the impact of flexible food-related inhibition
Creators: name: Berebbi, Shir
name: Naftalovich, Hadar
name: Weinbach, Noam
name: Kalanthroff, Eyal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Table S1:The images and the pleasant and unpleasant words in the Implicit Association Test (IAT). Table S2: The sequence of trial blocks in the Implicit Association Test (IAT).
Additional file 1 of Cost-related medication nonadherence in adults with COPD in the United States 2013–2020
Creators: name: Wen, Xin
name: Qiu, Hongbin
name: Yu, Bo
name: Bi, Jinfeng
name: Gu, Xia
name: Zhang, Yiying
name: Wang, Shanjie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary material 1.