cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bombylella atra Scopoli 1763
Creators: name: Arabyat, Sahar
name: Katbeh-Bader, Ahmad
name: Greathead, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Bombylella
Bombylella atra

description: Bombylella atra (Scopoli, 1763)
Material: 40 specimens: Al Aridah 29.III.1981 (1ɗ); Al Karak 1.IV.2002 (2ɗ); Al Mshariía 28.II.1993 (1Ψ) (Al Yarmouk University), 2.IV.1987 (1Ψ); Al Mujib 13.III.2002 (2ɗ); Al Mukhaybah al Fawqa 9.III.2002 (4Ψ, 5ɗ); Ar Rumaymin 4.V.1993 (1Ψ); Ruwayhat al Ghawr 15.III.1999 (1Ψ); As Sukhnah 28.IV.1974 (2ɗ); Badhan 1.IV.2002 (1ɗ); Dayr Alla 31.III.1974 (1Ψ), 8.IV.1974 (1ɗ), 7.VII.1989 (1ɗ); Jarash 2.IV.2001 (5Ψ, 2ɗ) (Al Al Bayt University), 12.IV.1980 (2ɗ); Kurayimah 8.IV.1974 (1Ψ, 1ɗ); Muzayrib 24.IV.1987 (1Ψ) Anthemis palestina, 24.X.1995 (1Ψ), no data (1ɗ) (Al Yarmouk University); Naíor 16.IV.1974 (1ɗ, 1Ψ).
Distribution: Palaearctic: Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia­Hercegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Egypt, Estonia, France, Gilbraltar, Greece, Gruzia, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyz Republic, Lativa, Lebanon, Lithuania, Macedonia, Malta, Oman, Palestine, Poland, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Swizerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia.
It appears to be common in Jordan during spring season. Hairs on the lateral sides of first abdominal tergite could be white or black.
description: Published as part of Arabyat, Sahar, Katbeh-Bader, Ahmad & Greathead, David, 2004, The bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) of Jordan, pp. 1-48 in Zootaxa 654 on page 15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158701
Moment maps, monodromy and mirror manifolds
Creators: name: Thomas, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 14J32

description: Via considerations of symplectic reduction, monodromy, mirror symmetry and Chern-Simons functionals, a conjecture is proposed on the existence of special Lagrangians in the hamiltonian deformation class of a given Lagrangian submanifold of a Calabi-Yau manifold. It involves a stability condition for graded Lagrangians, and can be proved for the simple case of $T^2$.
description: 31 pages, 3 figures; refereed and accepted for publication in "Symplectic Geometry and mirror symmetry: proceedings of a conference at KIAS, 2000."
Additional file 2: of Patient-initiated versus fixed-interval patient-reported outcome-based follow-up in outpatients with epilepsy: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Schougaard, Liv
name: Mejdahl, Caroline
name: Christensen, Jakob
name: Lomborg, Kirsten
name: Maindal, Helle
name: Thurah, Annette
name: Hjollund, Niels
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Disease-specific epilepsy questionnaire. (PDF 1501 kb)
The Debate on Water Policies: empirical evidence from drought in the Jucar river
Creators: name: Kahil, Mohamed Taher
name: Murillo, Jose Albiac
name: Dinar, Ariel
name: Garcia, Encarna Esteban
name: Rues, Lorenzo Avella
name: Molla, Marta Garcia
name: Kahil, Mohamed Taher
name: Murillo, Jose Albiac
name: Dinar, Ariel
name: Garcia, Encarna Esteban
name: Rues, Lorenzo Avella
name: Molla, Marta Garcia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Water policy instruments
subject: Hydro-economic modeling
subject: Water pricing
subject: Water markets
subject: Institutional cooperation

description: The mismanagement of water resources at global level calls for a reconsideration of the current water policies. The three approaches to water policy instruments are water pricing, water markets, and institutional instruments based on cooperation. The approach in Spain is institutional cooperation, whereas the European Union promotes water pricing to balance water supply and demand, and in Australia water markets have been implemented to confront water scarcity and droughts. This study compares these three types of policy instruments to address drought in the Jucar Basin. The analysis indicates that the institutional instrument based on cooperation and the water market instrument both achieve similar results, demonstrating that the current institutional approach is not inferior to water markets. Another important result is that the water pricing instrument entails very substantial losses to farmers, which implies that this alternative is politically unfeasible. This result questions seriously the reliance of the Water Framework Directive on the water pricing instrument in irrigation.
Hidden Anisotropy in the Drude Conductivity of Charge Carriers with Dirac-Schrödinger Dynamics
Creators: name: Trushin, Maxim
name: Neto, Antonio H. Castro
name: Vignale, Giovanni
name: Culcer, Dimitrie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the conductivity of a two-dimensional electron gas can be intrinsically anisotropic despite isotropic Fermi surface, energy dispersion, and disorder configuration. In the model we study, the anisotropy stems from the interplay between Dirac and Schrödinger features combined in a special two-band Hamiltonian describing the quasiparticles similar to the low-energy excitations in phosphorene. As a result, even scalar isotropic disorder scattering alters the nature of the carriers and results in anisotropic transport. Solving the Boltzmann equation exactly for such carriers with point-like random impurities we find a hidden knob to control the anisotropy just by tuning either the Fermi energy or temperature. Our results are expected to be generally applicable beyond the model studied here, and should stimulate further search for the alternative ways to control electron transport in advanced materials.
Riemann--Hilbert analysis for Laguerre polynomials with large negative parameter
Creators: name: Kuijlaars, A. B. J.
name: McLaughlin, K. T-R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30E15, 33C45

description: We study the asymptotic behavior of Laguerre polynomials $L_n^{(α_n)}(nz)$ as $n \to \infty$, where $α_n$ is a sequence of negative parameters such that $-α_n/n$ tends to a limit $A > 1$ as $n \to \infty$. These polynomials satisfy a non-hermitian orthogonality on certain contours in the complex plane. This fact allows the formulation of a Riemann--Hilbert problem whose solution is given in terms of these Laguerre polynomials. The asymptotic analysis of the Riemann--Hilbert problem is carried out by the steepest descent method of Deift and Zhou, in the same spirit as done by Deift et al. for the case of orthogonal polynomials on the real line. A main feature of the present paper is the choice of the correct contour.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures, To appear in Computational Methods and Function Theory
Distributed Edge Connectivity in Sublinear Time
Creators: name: Daga, Mohit
name: Henzinger, Monika
name: Nanongkai, Danupon
name: Saranurak, Thatchaphol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present the first sublinear-time algorithm for a distributed message-passing network sto compute its edge connectivity $λ$ exactly in the CONGEST model, as long as there are no parallel edges. Our algorithm takes $\tilde O(n^{1-1/353}D^{1/353}+n^{1-1/706})$ time to compute $λ$ and a cut of cardinality $λ$ with high probability, where $n$ and $D$ are the number of nodes and the diameter of the network, respectively, and $\tilde O$ hides polylogarithmic factors. This running time is sublinear in $n$ (i.e. $\tilde O(n^{1-ε})$) whenever $D$ is. Previous sublinear-time distributed algorithms can solve this problem either (i) exactly only when $λ=O(n^{1/8-ε})$ [Thurimella PODC'95; Pritchard, Thurimella, ACM Trans. Algorithms'11; Nanongkai, Su, DISC'14] or (ii) approximately [Ghaffari, Kuhn, DISC'13; Nanongkai, Su, DISC'14]. To achieve this we develop and combine several new techniques. First, we design the first distributed algorithm that can compute a $k$-edge connectivity certificate for any $k=O(n^{1-ε})$ in time $\tilde O(\sqrt{nk}+D)$. Second, we show that by combining the recent distributed expander decomposition technique of [Chang, Pettie, Zhang, SODA'19] with techniques from the sequential deterministic edge connectivity algorithm of [Kawarabayashi, Thorup, STOC'15], we can decompose the network into a sublinear number of clusters with small average diameter and without any mincut separating a cluster (except the `trivial' ones). Finally, by extending the tree packing technique from [Karger STOC'96], we can find the minimum cut in time proportional to the number of components. As a byproduct of this technique, we obtain an $\tilde O(n)$-time algorithm for computing exact minimum cut for weighted graphs.
description: Accepted at 51st ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing (STOC 2019)
Bombylella simulans Austen 1937
Creators: name: Arabyat, Sahar
name: Katbeh-Bader, Ahmad
name: Greathead, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Bombylella
Bombylella simulans

description: Bombylella simulans (Austen, 1937)
Material: Two specimens: Ar Rumaymin 17.IV.1986 (1ɗ); Muzayrib 24. IV.1995 (1ɗ) on Anthimus palestina Reut. (Compositae).
Distribution: Palaearctic: Lebanon, Palestine.
This species is Palaearctic. It seems to be less common than B. atra. This species was collected from Palestine chamomile Anthemis palestina Reut. (Compositae)
description: Published as part of Arabyat, Sahar, Katbeh-Bader, Ahmad & Greathead, David, 2004, The bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) of Jordan, pp. 1-48 in Zootaxa 654 on page 15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158701
Evidence for an axionic charge density wave in the Weyl semimetal (TaSe4)2I
Creators: name: Gooth, Johannes
name: Bradlyn, Barry
name: Honnali, Shashank
name: Schindler, Clemens
name: Kumar, Nitesh
name: Noky, Jonathan
name: Qi, Yangpeng
name: Shekhar, Chandra
name: Sun, Yan
name: Wang, Zhijun
name: Bernevig, Bogdan Andrei
name: Felser, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An axion insulator is a correlated topological phase, predicted to arise from the formation of a charge density wave in a Weyl semimetal. The accompanying sliding mode in the charge density wave phase, the phason, is an axion. It is expected to cause anomalous magneto-electric transport effects. However, this axionic charge density wave has so far eluded experimental detection. In this paper, we report the observation of a large, positive contribution to the magneto-conductance in the sliding mode of the charge density wave Weyl semimetal (TaSe4)2I for collinear electric and magnetic fields (E||B). The positive contribution to the magneto-conductance originates from the anomalous axionic contribution of the chiral anomaly to the phason current, and is locked to the parallel alignment of E and B. By rotating B, we show that the angular dependence of the magneto-conductance is consistent with the anomalous transport of an axionic charge density wave.
Supplemental Table S1; Supplemental Figure S2; Supplemental Figure S3; Supplemental file S4; Supplemental Figure S5; Supplemental Figure S6; Supplemental Figure S7 from Extreme growth plasticity in the early branching sauropodomorph Massospondylus carinatus
Creators: name: Chapelle, Kimberley E. J.
name: Botha, Jennifer
name: Choiniere, Jonah N.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Provenance information of specimens included in the study. Asterisks indicate specimens for which slides were available from Chinsamy’s (1993) study.; Line drawings of femoral osteohistological sections of Massospondylus carinatus ontogenetic series. A, BP/1/5143 (FC=83 mm). B, BP/1/4267 (FC=85 mm). C, BP/1/4747 (FC=95 mm). D, BP/1/4777 (FC=105.75 mm). Green line represents the outline of the medullary cavity. Red lines represent LAGs. Dashed lines represent inferred lines. Black hashed lines represent broken portions of the sections. Scale bars = 4000 μm; Line drawings of femoral osteohistological sections of Massospondylus carinatus ontogenetic series. A, NMQR3055 (FC=114 mm). B, BP/1/5241 (FC=145 mm). C, BP/1/5108 (FC=145 mm). Red lines represent LAGs. Dashed lines represent inferred lines. Black hashed lines represent broken portions of the section. Scale bars = 4000 μm; Additional methods and discussion points.; Femoral osteohistology of Massospondylus carinatus specimens. A, BP/1/5347a (FC=4.9 mm). B, BP/1/5253 (FC=50.5 mm). C, BP/1/4266 (FC=75 mm). D, BP/1/5238 (FC=81 mm). E, BP/1/5143 (FC=83 mm). F, BP/1/4267 (FC=85 mm). G, BP/1/4751 (FC=93 mm). H, BP/1/4747 (FC=95 mm). White arrowheads indicate LAGs and yellow arrowheads indicate double and triple LAGs. Scale bars = 500 μm; Femoral osteohistology of Massospondylus carinatus specimens. A, BP/1/5193 (FC=100 mm). B, BP/1/5397 (FC=100 mm). C, BP/1/4777 (FC=105.75 mm). D, BP/1/4693 (FC=112 mm). E, NMQR3055 (FC=114 mm). F, BP/1/4860 (FC=143mm). G, BP/1/5241 (FC=145 mm). H, BP/1/4998 (FC=145 mm). White arrowheads indicate LAGs and yellow arrowheads indicate double and triple LAGs. Scale bars = 500 μm; Femoral osteohistology of Massospondylus carinatus specimens. A, BP/1/5108 (FC=145 mm). B, BP/1/4861 (FC=159 mm). C, BP/1/4928 (FC=160 mm). D, BP/1/4934 (FC=214 mm). White arrowheads indicate LAGs and yellow arrowheads indicate double and triple LAGs. Scale bars = 1000 μm
Supercooled Lennard-Jones Liquids and Glasses: a Kinetic Monte Carlo Approach
Creators: name: Hernandez-Rojas, Javier
name: Wales, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) method is used to study the structural properties and dynamics of a supercooled binary Lennard-Jones liquid around the glass transition temperature. This technique permits us to explore the potential energy surface and barrier distributions without suffering the exponential slowing down at low temperature that affects molecular dynamics simulations. In agreement with previous studies we observe a distinct change in behaviour around $T=0.45$, close to the dynamical transition temperature $T_c$ of mode coupling theory (MCT). Below this temperature the number of different local minima visited by the system for the same number of KMC steps decreases by more than an order of magnitude. The mean number of atoms involved in each jump between local minima and the average distance they move also decreases significantly, and new features appear in the partial structure factor. Above $T~0.45$ the probability distribution for the magnitude of the atomic displacement per KMC step exhibits an exponential decay, which is only weakly temperature dependent.
description: Accepted for J. Non-Cryst. Solids
Additional file 2: of Quantitative MNase-seq accurately maps nucleosome occupancy levels
Creators: name: RÄZvan Chereji
name: Bryson, Terri
name: Henikoff, Steven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Review history. (DOCX 30 kb)
RIVERO CORREDERA, JUAN. Los cambios técnicos del cultivo del cereal en España (1800- 1930). Edita: Ministerio de Agricultura, Alimentación y Medio ambiente. Secretaría General Técnica. Centro de publicaciones.
Creators: name: Villar, Pedro Caballero
name: Gomez, M. Dolores De Miguel
name: Villar, Pedro Caballero
name: Gomez, M. Dolores De Miguel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Book Review
NoMoS: An $R \times B$ Drift Momentum Spectrometer for Beta Decay Studies
Creators: name: Moser, Daniel
name: Abele, Hartmut
name: Bosina, Joachim
name: Fillunger, Harald
name: Soldner, Torsten
name: Wang, Xiangzun
name: Zmeskal, Johann
name: Konrad, Gertrud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The beta decay of the free neutron provides several probes to test the Standard Model of particle physics as well as to search for extensions thereof. Hence, multiple experiments investigating the decay have already been performed, are under way or are being prepared. These measure the mean lifetime, angular correlation coefficients or various spectra of the charged decay products (proton and electron). NoMoS, the Neutron decay prOducts MOmentum Spectrometer, presents a novel method of momentum spectroscopy: it utilizes the $R \times B$ drift effect to disperse charged particles dependent on their momentum in an uniformly curved magnetic field. This spectrometer is designed to precisely measure momentum spectra and angular correlation coefficients in free neutron beta decay to test the Standard Model and to search for new physics beyond. With NoMoS, we aim to measure inter alia the electron-antineutrino correlation coefficient $a$ and the Fierz interference term $b$ with an ultimate precision of $Δa/a < 0.3\%$ and $Δb < 10^{-3}$ respectively. In this paper, we present the measurement principles, discuss measurement uncertainties and systematics, and give a status update.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted to the Proceedings of the International Workshop on Particle Physics at Neutron Sources PPNS 2018, Grenoble, France, May 24-26, 2018
Bombylius (Bombylius) canescens Mikan 1796
Creators: name: Arabyat, Sahar
name: Katbeh-Bader, Ahmad
name: Greathead, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Bombylius
Bombylius canescens

description: Bombylius (Bombylius) canescens Mikan, 1796
Material: 24 specimens: Al Jubayhah 23.II.1995 (1Ψ, 1ɗ); 19.III.1994 (1Ψ, 1ɗ); 22.III.1995 (1ɗ); Al Mashari’a 1.III.1983 (1ɗ); Al Mukhaybah al Fawqa 9.III.2002 (8Ψ, 4ɗ); Ayn Aqraba 25.III.2002 (2Ψ, 1ɗ); As Salt 5.III.1974 (1Ψ); Dayr Alla 5. IV.1998 (1Ψ); Jarash 15.IV.2002 (1Ψ).
Distribution: Palaearctic: Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Bosnia­Hercegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Gruzia, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Libya, Lithuania, Malta, Moldova, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Syria, Turkey, Turkmenistan, United Kingdom, Ukraine, Yugoslavia.
Bombylius canescens appears to be common during spring season when many specimens were collected in March. This species has been reared from nests of Odynerus reniformis (Gmelin) (Eumenidae), also several species of Halictidae (du Merle, 1975).
description: Published as part of Arabyat, Sahar, Katbeh-Bader, Ahmad & Greathead, David, 2004, The bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) of Jordan, pp. 1-48 in Zootaxa 654 on pages 15-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158701
Recognizing the Association between Sphagnum Hyaline Cell Width and Hyaline-Capillary Differential Pressure using the Hagen-Poiseuille Equation
Creators: name: Jung, Nicole
name: Tambunting, Louisa
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: The initiation of desiccation-avoidance response in Sphagnum moss has commonly been described as “air-seeding,” a mechanism that assumes desiccation response is dependent on differential pressure and hyaline cell pore size [3]. Yet few studies have addressed differential pressure in water-storage hyaline cells since the theorization that this process applies to Sphagnum desiccation avoidance. Our study takes the novel approach of utilizing microscopic analysis and the Hagen-Poiseuille equation to investigate the effect of cell width on differential pressure. We found that maximum differential pressure values decreased as cell widths increased, a trend consistent with previous research. However, the presence of a range of low differential pressures within each cell width category did not match the air-seeding theory. This suggests that further investigation of cell shape and other cellular properties could lead to more precise descriptions of Sphagnum desiccation avoidance.
Organoleptic quality of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) in the central and southern zones of Manabí province, Ecuador
Creators: name: Guambi, Luis Alberto Duicela
name: Talledo, Diana Sofia Farfan
name: Avila, Eugenio Leoncio Garcia
name: Guambi, Luis Alberto Duicela
name: Talledo, Diana Sofia Farfan
name: Avila, Eugenio Leoncio Garcia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Beverage
subject: Cupping
subject: Specialty coffee
subject: Sensory Evaluation
subject: Potentiality

description: The coffee has economic, social and environmental importance, especially in Manabí representing 35 % of the national coffee area, cultivated <800 meters above sea level. The study was carried out in 2012, sampling 22 farms of coffee plantations. The objectives were: to assess the sensory quality of coffee produced in the central and southern Manabí zones to determine the potential of producing specialty coffees, and contrasting the organoleptic quality of pure arabic varieties (Bourbon, Caturra and Typica) and hybrid Sarchimor. The results indicate that of 22 samples, 73 % scored ≥80 points SCAA (p<0.05), therefore, in Manabí, there is no effect of altitude on the organoleptic quality. The Sarchimor has larger grain size (p<0.05) and no significant differences between cultivars were found on the organoleptic characteristics (p>0.05). The natural flavored in 45 % of samples of washed coffee, benefiting from the enzyme wet method , strengthens the potential to produce specialty coffees in Manabí.
Additional file 1: of Quantitative MNase-seq accurately maps nucleosome occupancy levels
Creators: name: Răzvan Chereji
name: Bryson, Terri
name: Henikoff, Steven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A quantitative investigation of MNase titrations. Figure S1. Dependence of the three species of nucleosomes on the digestion level. Figure S2. The predicted apparent nucleosome occupancy depends on the real occupancy O, and the two rates k1 and k2. Figure S3. The logarithm of the apparent nucleosome occupancy has the asymptotic behavior of −k2d for d ≫ 1/k2. Figure S4. Overview of a quantitative MNase-seq (q-MNase-seq) experiment. Table S1. The number of paired-end sequencing reads with the length between 100 bp and 200 bp. Figure S5. Simulation results. Figure S6. IGV snapshot of chromosome 2L: 13,789,750 - 13,794,300. Figure S7. Correlation between sets of parameters obtained after different normalizations of the nucleosome counts. (PDF 4086 kb)
On the train to brain gain in rural China
Creators: name: Zhang, Yi
name: Matz, Julia Anna
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Matz, Julia Anna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Migration
subject: human capital formation
subject: instrumental variables
subject: China

description: This study investigates the well-researched relationship between migration and the formation of human capital in the source region using a novel instrument: the existence of a local train station. We make use of Chinese panel data and of the fact that the decision to build a new train station is taken by the central government and unrelated to characteristics of a rural village receiving the station. As an intermediate result we find that train stations are negatively related to migration outflows, thus indicating that the facilitation of local employment through economic integration outweighs the reduction of migratory costs. Investigating variation within villages over time in the instrumental variables approach for the central research question, we see a positive effect of out-migration on educational attainment in the source region. Additional results suggest that the effect is stronger for male and young stayers.
Supplemental Table S1 from Extreme growth plasticity in the early branching sauropodomorph Massospondylus carinatus
Creators: name: Chapelle, Kimberley E. J.
name: Botha, Jennifer
name: Choiniere, Jonah N.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Provenance information of specimens included in the study. Asterisks indicate specimens for which slides were available from Chinsamy’s (1993) study.
Polistes (Polistella) affinis Gusenleitner 2006
Creators: name: Lien, Nguyen Thi Phuong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eumenidae
Polistes
Polistes affinis

description: 1) Polistes (Polistella) affinis Gusenleitner, 2006
 Polistes affinis Gusenleitner 2006: 672, female, holotype, Phongsaly environment, Prov. Phongsaly, 1500 m, Laos (Oberösterreich Landesmuseum, Linz, Austria).
 Remarks. Polistes affinis was described by Gusenleitner (2006) based on a single female specimen (holotype) from Phongsaly env., Phongsaly province (Laos), and three females (paratypes) of the same data as the holotype, which are housed in Oberösterreich Landesmuseum, Linz, Austria. Later, this species was recorded from the northwestern part of Vietnam (Nguyen et al., 2011), and no further information on this species has been added since then. The male and a nest of this species are described here for the first time.
One nest (Nest#TD-2012-P-01) collected at Tam Dao National Park was examined. As described below, the male is similar to the female both in structure and coloration except for some characters.
 Material examined. 17 females, 13 males (IEBR), Tam Dao NP, Vinh Phuc, alt. 900–1200 m, Nest#TD-2012-P-01, 30.vii-3.viii.2012, T. D. Tran. 2 females (IEBR), Tam Dao NP, Vinh Phuc, alt. 1000 m, 16.vii.2015, L. T. P. Nguyen.
description: Published as part of Lien, Nguyen Thi Phuong, 2017, Notes on the paper wasp genus Polistes (Polistella) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae) from the northern part of Vietnam with description of males and nests, pp. 220-225 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 65 on page 221, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5355981
Bombylius (Bombylius) cinerascens Mikan 1796
Creators: name: Arabyat, Sahar
name: Katbeh-Bader, Ahmad
name: Greathead, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Bombylius
Bombylius cinerascens

description: Bombylius (Bombylius) cinerascens Mikan, 1796
Material: 11 specimens: Al Jubayhah 17.III.1995 (1ɗ), 10.IV.1979 (1Ψ), 23.IV.1990 (1ɗ); Al Mukhaybah al Fawqa 9.III.2002 (3Ψ); Ayn Aqraba 25.III.2002 (1ɗ); As Salt 24.IV.1994 (1Ψ); As Sukhnah 10.IV.1979 (1Ψ); Ayn esh Shallaleh 20. IV.1998 (1ɗ); Dayr Alla 8.IV.1974 (1Ψ).
Distribution: Palaearctic: Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bosnia­ Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Egypt, France, Germany, Greece, Gruzia, Hungary, Italy, Macedonia, Moldova, Palestine, Poland, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland, Turkey, Ukraine, Yugoslavia.
This species seems to be less common than B. canescens and B. mendax since few specimens were collected.
description: Published as part of Arabyat, Sahar, Katbeh-Bader, Ahmad & Greathead, David, 2004, The bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) of Jordan, pp. 1-48 in Zootaxa 654 on page 16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158701
Deformations of Gabor Frames
Creators: name: Kaiser, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 41-XX, 44-XX, 81-XX

description: The quantum mechanical harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian generates a one-parameter unitary group W(θ) in L^2(R) which rotates the time-frequency plane. In particular, W(π/2) is the Fourier transform. When W(θ) is applied to any frame of Gabor wavelets, the result is another such frame with identical frame bounds. Thus each Gabor frame gives rise to a one-parameter family of frames, which we call a deformation of the original. For example, beginning with the usual tight frame F of Gabor wavelets generated by a compactly supported window g(t) and parameterized by a regular lattice in the time-frequency plane, one obtains a family of frames F_θgenerated by the non-compactly supported windows g_θ=W(theta)g, parameterized by rotated versions of the original lattice. This gives a method for constructing tight frames of Gabor wavelets for which neither the window nor its Fourier transform have compact support. When θ=π/2, we obtain the well-known Gabor frame generated by a window with compactly supported Fourier transform. The family F_θtherefore interpolates these two familiar examples.
description: 8 pages in Plain Tex
Political-Economic Models of Misinformation: An Application to the Transparency of the TTIP Negotiations
Creators: name: Bullock, David S.
name: Bullock, David S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: The International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium is an informal association of University and Government economists interested in agricultural trade. Its purpose is to foster interaction, improve research capacity and to focus on relevant trade policy issues. It is supported by United States Department of Agriculture (ERS, FAS, and OCE), Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, and the participating institutions. The IATRC Working Paper series provides members an opportunity to circulate their work at the advanced draft stage through limited distribution within the research and analysis community. The IATRC takes no political positions or responsibility for the accuracy of the data or validity of the conclusions presented by working paper authors. Further, policy recommendations and opinions expressed by the authors do not necessarily reflect those of the IATRC or its funding agencies. For a copy of this paper and a complete list of IATRC Working Papers, books, and other publications, see the IATRC Web Site http : //www.iatrc.org
Hawking--Unruh Radiation from the relics of the cosmic quark hadron phase transition
Creators: name: Sinha, Bikash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is entirely plausible that during the primordial quark-hadron transition, microseconds after the Big Bang, the universe may experience supercooling accompanied by mini inflation leading to a first-order phase transition from quarks to hadrons. The relics, in the form of quark nuggets expected to consist of Strange Quark Matter, with a baryon number beyond a critical value will survive. It is conjectured that color confinement turns the physical vacuum to an event horizon for quarks and gluons. The horizon can be crossed only by quantum tunnelling. The process just mentioned is the QCD counterpart of Hawking radiation from gravitational black holes. Thus, when the Hawking temperature of the quark nuggets gets turned off, tunnelling will stop and the nuggets will survive forever. The baryon number and the mass of these nuggets are derived using this theoretical format. The results agree well with the prediction using other phenomenological models. Further, the variation of Hawking temperature as a function of baryon number and mass of the nugget mimicks chiral phase transition, somewhat similar to the QCD phase transition just described. Finally the strange quark nuggets may well be the candidates of baryonic dark matter.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1505.03473, arXiv:1710.04703
Dedicated Energy Crops and Competition for Agricultural Land
Creators: name: Sands, Ronald D.
name: Malcolm, Scott A.
name: Suttles, Shellye A.
name: Marshall, Elizabeth
name: Sands, Ronald D.
name: Malcolm, Scott A.
name: Suttles, Shellye A.
name: Marshall, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: bioenergy
subject: land use
subject: energy crops
subject: scenarios
subject: renewable portfolio standard
subject: climate policy

description: Dedicated energy crops, such as switchgrass in the United States, have received much attention as potential renewable feedstocks for liquid fuels or bioelectricity; however, markets do not presently exist for large-scale use of this resource. This study examines three policy scenarios that could create a market for bioelectricity using dedicated energy crops: a subsidy for bioelectricity generation, a national Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS), and a national cap-and-trade policy to limit carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Model results suggest that energy crops as a share of total cropland by region would be greatest in the Northern Plains, Southeast, and Appalachia. Even though the impact of energy crop production on land use across scenarios is similar by design, the impacts on other model outputs are quite different, including the mix of electricity-generating technologies, the price of electricity, CO2 emissions, and the cost relative to a no-policy reference scenario. For example, the price of electricity increases with cap-and-trade but declines with a bioelectricity subsidy. In all scenarios, U.S. CO2 emissions decrease relative to the reference scenario. Emissions reductions are greatest in the cap-and-trade scenario, but significant reductions are also obtained with an RPS.
Fruitbat: A Python Package for Estimating Redshifts of Fast Radio Bursts
Creators: name: Batten, Adam J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fruitbat is an open source Python 2/3 package for estimating redshifts, energies and the galactic dispersion measure contributions of fast radio bursts (FRBs). Fruitbat combines various dispersion measure (DM) and redshift relations with the YMW16 galactic dispersion measure model into a single easy to use API.
description: Accepted by the Journal of Open Source Software, 4 pages, 2 figures, package available via pip and source code available on Github (see text for links)
Culture, religion and productivity: Evidence from European regions
Creators: name: Kaasa, Anneli
name: Kaasa, Anneli
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Productivity
subject: culture
subject: religion
subject: Europe
subject: regions

description: This study investigates how a region’s labour productivity could be influenced by cultural dimensions and religion - factors that have not received much attention in the previous literature. As another novelty, regional-level data (78 regions of 22 European countries) were analysed. Correlation and regression analysis was performed. The results showed individualism to be positively and masculinity and power distance to be negatively related to labour productivity. When cultural dimensions were included, both general religiosity and the achievement motivation indicator capturing the values of a strong work ethic turned out to be insignificant.
Bombylius (Bombylius) fimbriatus Meigen 1820
Creators: name: Arabyat, Sahar
name: Katbeh-Bader, Ahmad
name: Greathead, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Bombylius
Bombylius fimbriatus

description: Bombylius (Bombylius) fimbriatus Meigen, 1820
Material: 40 specimens: Al Jubayhah 3.III.2002 (1ɗ), 15.III.1999 (1Ψ), 19.III.1993 (1Ψ), 19.III.1998 (1ɗ), 22.III.1995 (2ɗ, 1Ψ), 30.III.1993 (1ɗ), 1.IV.1982 (1ɗ), 2. IV.1997 (2ɗ), 3.IV.1993 (1ɗ), 4. IV.1998 (1ɗ), 6. IV.1999 (1ɗ), 14.IV.1974 (1ɗ), 15.IV.1975 (1Ψ), 19. IV.1998 (1ɗ), 25.IV.1993 (1ɗ); 1.V.? (1ɗ), 2.V.1998 (1ɗ, 1Ψ), 3.V.1998 (1Ψ); Amman 3.IV.1990 (1Ψ); Ayn Aqraba 25.III.2002 (2Ψ, 2ɗ); Ayn Al Muallaqah 3. IV.1997 (1ɗ); Dana 4.IV.1994 (1ɗ); Dayr Alla 23.III.1988 (1ɗ), 20. IV.1998 (1ɗ), 22.IV.1984 (1ɗ); Irbid 24.III.1984 (1Ψ) (Al Yarmouk University); Marka 8.IV.1994 (1Ψ); Tabaqt fahl 22.III.2000 (1ɗ); Wadi Shu’ayb 1.V.1997 (1ɗ); Zai 1.V.1993 (1Ψ); no data (2ɗ, 1Ψ).
Distribution: Palaearctic: Afghanistan, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Egypt, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Gruzia, Hungary, Iran, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Morocco, Palestine, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Spain, Syria, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Yugoslavia.
B. fimbriatus is a common species in Jordan. Its wing pattern has a sharp fore border and transparent area in the marginal cell.
description: Published as part of Arabyat, Sahar, Katbeh-Bader, Ahmad & Greathead, David, 2004, The bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) of Jordan, pp. 1-48 in Zootaxa 654 on page 16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.158701
Coherent transfer of quantum information in silicon using resonant SWAP gates
Creators: name: Sigillito, A. J.
name: Gullans, M. J.
name: Edge, L. F.
name: Borselli, M.
name: Petta, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solid state quantum processors based on spins in silicon quantum dots are emerging as a powerful platform for quantum information processing. High fidelity single- and two-qubit gates have recently been demonstrated and large extendable qubit arrays are now routinely fabricated. However, two-qubit gates are mediated through nearest-neighbor exchange interactions, which require direct wavefunction overlap. This limits the overall connectivity of these devices and is a major hurdle to realizing error correction, quantum random access memory, and multi-qubit quantum algorithms. To extend the connectivity, qubits can be shuttled around a device using quantum SWAP gates, but phase coherent SWAPs have not yet been realized in silicon devices. Here, we demonstrate a new single-step resonant SWAP gate. We first use the gate to efficiently initialize and readout our double quantum dot. We then show that the gate can move spin eigenstates in 100 ns with average fidelity $\bar{F}_{SWAP}^p$ = 98%. Finally, the transfer of arbitrary two-qubit product states is benchmarked using state tomography and Clifford randomized benchmarking, yielding an average fidelity of $\bar{F}_{SWAP}^c$ = 84% for gate operation times of ~300 ns. Through coherent spin transport, our resonant SWAP gate enables the coupling of non-adjacent qubits, thus paving the way to large scale experiments using silicon spin qubits.
Gelis elymi
Creators: name: Schwarz, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Gelis
Gelis elymi

description: 4. Gelis elymi (THOMSON, 1884)
 Hemiteles elymi THOMSON, 1884 – Lectotypus (♀) untersucht (Lund).
 Der Lectotypus sieht G. zeirapherator (AUBERT) sehr ähnlich und gehört möglicherweise zur gleichen Art. Das Propodeum ist ziemlich kurz und das 1. Gastersegment relativ breit, was aber ein individuelles Merkmal sein kann. Die in der Bestimmungstabelle und von HORSTMANN (1986) zusätzlich angeführten Unterschiede in der Färbung zwischen beiden Arten sind vermutlich nicht relevant, da bei anderen Arten Material aus Skandinavien etwas ausgedehnter hell gefärbt ist als solches aus den Alpen. Vermutlich ist das einzig relevante Merkmal, dass die Haare auf der Stirn etwas kürzer sind. Diese sind aber beim Lectotypus vermutlich teilweise abgerieben bzw. abgebrochen, weshalb dieses Merkmal nicht sicher beurteilt werden kann. G. elymi (THOMSON) wird hier provisorisch als eigene Art geführt, solange nicht weiteres Material aus Skandinavien untersucht werden kann.
U n t e r s u c h t e s M a t e r i a l: Schweden (Lectotypus) (Lund).
description: Published as part of Schwarz, Martin, 2016, Die Schlupfwespengattung Gelis (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Cryptinae) mit macropteren Weibchen in der Westpaläarktis, pp. 1677-1752 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 48 (2) on page 1698, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5355989
Corynoneura septadentata Wiedenbrug et Trivinho-Strixino
Creators: name: Wiedenbrug, Sofia
name: Lamas, Carlos E.
name: Trivinho-Strixino, Susana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Corynoneura
Corynoneura septadentata

description: Corynoneura septadentata Wiedenbrug et Trivinho-Strixino
 Material examined. One pharate male with pupal exuviae, BRAZIL, MS, Bodoquena, Fazenda Califórnia, stream near Malaise trap n°4, 20°41´49´´S, 56°52´54´´W, 2–3.iv.2012, drift net, S. Wiedenbrug.
 Remarks. Corynoneura septadentata was originally collected in the Atlantic Forest, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo States (Wiedenbrug & Trivinho-Strixino 2011). In the present study, we add a new record in a Semideciduous Forest in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
description: Published as part of Wiedenbrug, Sofia, Lamas, Carlos E. & Trivinho-Strixino, Susana, 2012, 3574, pp. 1-61 in Zootaxa 3574 on page 46
Toward of the spatiality of the Information and Communication Technologies sector: Case study from the Slovak Republic
Creators: name: Madudova, Emilia
name: Madudova, Emilia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: ICT sector
subject: regional disparities
subject: spatiality
subject: cluster analysis

description: Rapid diffusion of ICT has produced significant changes in the way and place for the production of goods and provides services. This implies that ICT had an impact on the industrial structure and geographical location of regions. The ICT industry in the Slovak Republic has been one of few industries in which the employment has continuously grown and this sector has the lowest unemployment rate of all sectors of the economy and permanently grows. All these findings have caused the author to measure the concentration of ICT sector in the Slovak Republic at the regional level. The aim of this paper is to map the regional disparities in the ICT sector in the Slovak republic. The analyses developed for this manuscript are based on two main methodologies: regional and cluster analyses. The existence of disparities between regions is indisputable. All the characteristics and calculations confirmed large disparities in the ICT sector in individual regions. As finding showed, the ICT sector is the driving force of the Slovak economy and economic development. The results call for greater attention to regional disparities in ICT sector in the Slovak Republic.
Corynoneura zempoala Wiedenbrug & Lamas & Trivinho-Strixino 2012, sp. n.
Creators: name: Wiedenbrug, Sofia
name: Lamas, Carlos E.
name: Trivinho-Strixino, Susana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Corynoneura
Corynoneura zempoala

description: Corynoneura zempoala sp. n.
(Fig. 35)
 Type material. Holotype male, MEXICO, Morelos, Parque Nacional Lagunas de Zempoala, Laguna de Zempoala, 24.ix.1998, net, T. Andersen et al., G. Ramirez prep., ZMBN n° chi 20096. Paratypes: eleven males same data as holotype but ZMBN n° 20088–20095 and n°20097–20099.
Etymology. This species is named after the type locality in Mexico. The specific epithet is treated as a noun in apposition.
 Diagnostic characters. Corynoneura zempoala sp. n., is similar to the C. scutellata group of species as defined by Hirvenoja and Hirvenoja (1988). This species has gonostylus with a basal lobus as C. scutellata. The antenna with 10 flagellomeres, AR about 0.72–0.76, the median pointed sternapodeme, the shape of the aedeagal lobus and gonocoxite without inferior volsella segregate this species from other species of the group.
 Description
 Male (n = 3)
Total length 1.46–1.58 mm. Wing length 1.05–1.07 mm.
Color. Thorax brownish. Abdominal tergites brownish, TVII usually with posteromedian white area. Legs light brown.
Head. AR = 0.72–0.76. Antenna with 10 flagellomeres, apical flagellomere 240–255 µm (Fig. 35 A). Flagellomeres with more than one row of setae each. Eyes pubescent.
Thorax. Antepronotal lobes dorsal slightly tapering.
Wing. Clavus/wing length 0.29–0.31. Anal lobe absent (Fig. 35 C).
Legs. Hind tibial scale 25–37 µm long, with one small seta curved (Fig. 35 B).
Hypopygium (Figs 35 D, E). Tergite IX with about 10 small setae. Laterosternite IX with 3 setae. Superior and inferior volsella absent. Aedeagal lobe triangular, rounded apically. Sternapodeme triangular pointed. Phallapodeme strongly curved, attached on posterolateral third to sternapodeme. Gonostylus apically thin and curved, with a hyaline basal lobus, sometimes difficult to see.
Metric and meristic features in Table 1.
 Remarks. Corynoneura zempoala sp. n. is known from lakes in Morelos, México.
description: Published as part of Wiedenbrug, Sofia, Lamas, Carlos E. & Trivinho-Strixino, Susana, 2012, 3574, pp. 1-61 in Zootaxa 3574 on page 55
Additional file 9: of Polymorphism of MHC class IIB in an acheilognathid species, Rhodeus sinensis shaped by historical selection and recombination
Creators: name: Hyung-Bae Jeon
name: Won, Hari
name: Suk, Ho
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S2. Amino acid sequences of Rhsi-DAB3 Î˛1 domain aligned using CLUSTALX. Dashes were added to represent gaps made in alignment procedure. Various color shading represent the functional regions; black: peptide-backbone interacting residues predicted based on mammalian studies, red: positions 81H and 82â N, yellow: cysteines predicted to form a disulfide bridge, cyan: conserved N-glycosylation motifs, green: highly conserved residues among jawed vertebrates, pink: peptide binding region predicted based on human DRB study, and orange: ray-finned specific residues. (DOCX 513 kb)