cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Beyond MP2 initialization for unitary coupled cluster quantum circuits
Creators: name: Hirsbrunner, Mark R.
name: Chamaki, Diana
name: Mullinax, J. Wayne
name: Tubman, Norm M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unitary coupled cluster (UCC) ansatz is a promising tool for achieving high-precision results using the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) algorithm in the NISQ era. However, results on quantum hardware are thus far very limited and simulations have only accessed small system sizes. We advance the state of the art of UCC simulations by utilizing an efficient sparse wavefunction circuit solver and studying systems up to 64 qubits. Here we report results obtained using this solver that demonstrate the power of the UCC ansatz and address pressing questions about optimal initial parameterizations and circuit construction, among others. Our approach enables meaningful benchmarking of the UCC ansatz, a crucial step in assessing the utility of VQE for achieving quantum advantage.
Stochastic entropy production associated with quantum measurement in a framework of Markovian quantum state diffusion
Creators: name: Clarke, Claudia L.
name: Ford, Ian J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reduced density matrix that characterises the state of an open quantum system is a projection from the full density matrix of the quantum system and its environment, and there are many full density matrices consistent with a given reduced version. Without a specification of relevant details of the environment, the evolution of a reduced density matrix is therefore typically unpredictable, even if the dynamics are deterministic. With this in mind, we investigate a two level open quantum system using a framework of quantum state diffusion. We consider the pseudorandom evolution of its reduced density matrix when subjected to an environment-driven process of continuous quantum measurement of a system observable, using dynamics that asymptotically send the system to an eigenstate. The unpredictability is characterised by a stochastic entropy production, the average of which corresponds to an increase in the subjective uncertainty of the quantum state adopted by the system and environment, given the underspecified dynamics. This differs from a change in von Neumann entropy, and can continue indefinitely as the system is guided towards an eigenstate. As one would expect, the simultaneous measurement of two non-commuting observables within the same framework does not send the system to an eigenstate. Instead, the probability density function describing the reduced density matrix of the system becomes stationary over a continuum of pure states, a situation characterised by zero further stochastic entropy production. Transitions between such stationary states, brought about by changes in the relative strengths of the two measurement processes, give rise to finite positive mean stochastic entropy production. The framework investigated can offer useful perspectives on both the dynamics and irreversible thermodynamics of measurement in quantum systems.
Dual Preference Distribution Learning for Item Recommendation
Creators: name: Dong, Xue
name: Song, Xuemeng
name: Zheng, Na
name: Wei, Yinwei
name: Zhao, Zhongzhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T07 (Primary) 68T30 (Secondary)

description: Recommender systems can automatically recommend users with items that they probably like. The goal of them is to model the user-item interaction by effectively representing the users and items. Existing methods have primarily learned the user's preferences and item's features with vectorized embeddings, and modeled the user's general preferences to items by the interaction of them. In fact, users have their specific preferences to item attributes and different preferences are usually related. Therefore, exploring the fine-grained preferences as well as modeling the relationships among user's different preferences could improve the recommendation performance. Toward this end, we propose a dual preference distribution learning framework (DUPLE), which aims to jointly learn a general preference distribution and a specific preference distribution for a given user, where the former corresponds to the user's general preference to items and the latter refers to the user's specific preference to item attributes. Notably, the mean vector of each Gaussian distribution can capture the user's preferences, and the covariance matrix can learn their relationship. Moreover, we can summarize a preferred attribute profile for each user, depicting his/her preferred item attributes. We then can provide the explanation for each recommended item by checking the overlap between its attributes and the user's preferred attribute profile. Extensive quantitative and qualitative experiments on six public datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and explainability of the DUPLE method.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures. This manuscript has been accepted by ACM Transactions on Information Systems
ЖИГАР ЦИРРОЗИДА ЮҚОРИ ОШҚОЗОН ИЧАК ТИЗИМИДАН ҚОН КЕТИШ ПРЕДИКТОРЛАРИ
Creators: name: Жўраева М.А.,  Ашуралиева Н.Д., Хошимова С.Т., Ашуралиева М.А. Андижон давлат тиббиёт институти
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Жаҳонда 2017 йилда жигар циррозидан 1,32 миллиондан ортиқ ўлим холатлари кузатилган ҳамда, уларнинг 440 мингтасини аёллар ва 883 мингтасини эркаклар ташкил этган. Бу популяциядаги умумий ўлим кўрсаткичларини 2,4% ташкил этади. Жигар циррози инсонлардаги хасталиклар орасида етакчи ўринлардан бирини эгаллаб, меҳнатга лаёқатсизлик сабаблари ва ўлим кўрсаткичларини ортиши бўйича сурункали касалликлар ўнталигига киради.
Backpropagation Neural Tree
Creators: name: Ojha, Varun
name: Nicosia, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a novel algorithm called Backpropagation Neural Tree (BNeuralT), which is a stochastic computational dendritic tree. BNeuralT takes random repeated inputs through its leaves and imposes dendritic nonlinearities through its internal connections like a biological dendritic tree would do. Considering the dendritic-tree like plausible biological properties, BNeuralT is a single neuron neural tree model with its internal sub-trees resembling dendritic nonlinearities. BNeuralT algorithm produces an ad hoc neural tree which is trained using a stochastic gradient descent optimizer like gradient descent (GD), momentum GD, Nesterov accelerated GD, Adagrad, RMSprop, or Adam. BNeuralT training has two phases, each computed in a depth-first search manner: the forward pass computes neural tree's output in a post-order traversal, while the error backpropagation during the backward pass is performed recursively in a pre-order traversal. A BNeuralT model can be considered a minimal subset of a neural network (NN), meaning it is a "thinned" NN whose complexity is lower than an ordinary NN. Our algorithm produces high-performing and parsimonious models balancing the complexity with descriptive ability on a wide variety of machine learning problems: classification, regression, and pattern recognition.
“Mindset: performing under pressure” – a multimodal cognitive-behavioural intervention to enhance the well-being and performance of young athletes
Creators: name: Mansell, Paul
name: Sparks, Katherine
name: Wright, Jason
name: Roe, Leanne
name: Carrington, Shane
name: Lock, James
name: Slater, Matt
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health

description: Young athletes experience stress daily and coping adaptively with these stressful situations is an important determinant of their well-being and performance. Rather than seeking to change the often-unavoidable stressful situations, it is possible to change the way in which young athletes think about the situations. The present study aimed to investigate whether a multimodal cognitive-behavioral intervention could enhance young athletes’ psychological well-being and performance. Delivered toward the end of the competitive season when there is often more at stake, the intervention employed a combination of education and reappraisal delivered in 6 × 1-hour group workshops. Content included stress mindset, irrational beliefs, self-compassion, and imagery. We hypothesized that the intervention would enhance stress mindset and reduce irrational beliefs, and in turn, this would enhance the psychological well-being and performance of young athletes. Ninety-four footballers and swimmers (n = 48 females, n = 46 males, Mage = 17.49 years, SD = 3.53) completed measures in stress mindset, perceived performance, irrational beliefs, anxiety and negative affect at baseline and post-intervention. Participants were allocated to an experimental (n = 49) or control condition (n = 45). Results from the mixed model ANOVAs demonstrate that the intervention was successful at enhancing stress mindset and reducing negative affect in the experimental condition, compared to those in the control condition. There were no significant changes in performance, irrational beliefs, or anxiety. Findings offer support for targeting stress mindset to enhance young athletes’ well-being. To reduce irrational beliefs, a more specific approach to the individual may be required. Lay summary: Young athletes experience a range of daily stressors, so exploring ways to enhance their well-being and performance in stressful situations is of importance. Altering their trait beliefs about stress and promoting perceptions of control over their thoughts are useful methods of enhancing their stress mindset and reducing negative affect. Practitioners could provide education about stress to enhance young athletes’ stress mindset, and in turn, this may lead to reduced negative affect. A multimodal cognitive-behavioral intervention of this nature appears to engage young athletes due to the variety of content. To reduce irrational beliefs, a more tailored approach that challenges individuals’ specific irrational beliefs may be more beneficial.
Galois Points and Cremona Transformations
Creators: name: Abouelsaad, Ahmed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14E07, 14H05, 14H50

description: In this article, we study Galois points of plane curves and the extension of the corresponding Galois group to $\mathrm{Bir}(\mathbb{P}^2)$. If the Galois group has order at most $3$, we prove that it always extends to a subgroup of the Jonquières group associated to the point $P$. In degree at least $4$, we prove that it is false. We provide an example of a Galois extension whose Galois group is extendable to Cremona transformations but not to a group of de Jonquières maps with respect to $P$. We also give an example of a Galois extension whose Galois group cannot be extended to Cremona transformations.
description: 13 pages
Domination inequalities and dominating graphs
Creators: name: Conlon, David
name: Lee, Joonkyung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We say that a graph $H$ dominates another graph $H'$ if the number of homomorphisms from $H'$ to any graph $G$ is dominated, in an appropriate sense, by the number of homomorphisms from $H$ to $G$. We study the family of dominating graphs, those graphs with the property that they dominate all of their subgraphs. It has long been known that even-length paths are dominating in this sense and a result of Hatami implies that all weakly norming graphs are dominating. In a previous paper, we showed that every finite reflection group gives rise to a family of weakly norming, and hence dominating, graphs. Here we revisit this connection to show that there is a much broader class of dominating graphs.
description: 16 pages, to appear in Math. Proc. Cambridge Philos. Soc
Flock navigation with dynamic hierarchy and subjective weights using nonlinear MPC
Creators: name: Nag, Aneek
name: Huang, Shuo
name: Themelis, Andreas
name: Yamamoto, Kaoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93A13, 93A16, 93B45

description: We propose a model predictive control (MPC) based approach to a flock control problem with obstacle avoidance capability in a leader-follower framework, utilizing the future trajectory prediction computed by each agent. We employ the traditional Reynolds' flocking rules (cohesion, separation, and alignment) as a basis, and tailor the model to fit a navigation (as opposed to formation) purpose. In particular, we introduce several concepts such as the credibility and the importance of the gathered information from neighbors, and dynamic trade-offs between references. They are based on the observations that near-future predictions are more reliable, agents closer to leaders are implicit carriers of more educated information, and the predominance of either cohesion or alignment is dictated by the distance between the agent and its neighbors. These features are incorporated in the MPC formulation, and their advantages are discussed through numerical simulations.
Groups of the nilpotency class $2$ of order $p^4$ as additive groups of local nearrings
Creators: name: Raievska, Iryna
name: Raievska, Maryna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16Y30, 20D15

description: We consider groups of the nilpotency class $2$ of order $p^4$ which are the additive groups of local nearrings. It was shown that, for odd p, out of 6 of such groups 4 of them are the additive groups of local nearrings. Some examples of such nearrings are explicitly constructed.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2205.08359
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor plus pentoxifylline increases short-term survival in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis: a network meta-analysis
Creators: name: Duan, Fangfang
name: Liu, Chen
name: Chang, Chunyan
name: Song, Shanshan
name: Zhai, Hang
name: Cheng, Jun
name: Yang, Song
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Background: Optimal treatments for severe alcoholic hepatitis (SAH) remain controversial. Previous network meta-analysis showed that corticosteroid (CS) combined with N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was superior in reducing short-term mortality of patients with SAH. Recently, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatments for SAH yielded promising results. Objectives: To determine how currently available treatments affect the survival and complications of patients with SAH. Methods: The study was conducted following the guidelines of PRISMA. The data from PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and clinicaltrials.gov to October 2022 were searched, and patients with SAH with pharmacotherapy were included in our study. The primary outcome was short-term survival, and the other outcomes were medium- (3/6 months) or long-term (12 months) survival and complications after treatment. R software was used to establish network meta-analysis models and the result was expressed by the odd ratio (OR) value and 95% credible interval (Crls). Results: A total of 31 randomized controlled trials, including 19 treatment regimens, were enrolled in our study. As the primary outcome, G-CSF+ pentoxifylline (PTX) ranked first in one-month survival and showed significant superiority when compared with the placebo (OR 8.60, 95% Crls 1.92–45.10) and CS (OR 4.95, 95% Crls 1.11–25.53). Also, G-CSF+PTX ranked first in improving three-month survival and reducing the occurrence of infection. PTX+MTD ranked first in six-month survival, and G-CSF ranked first in twelve-month survival. CS+MTD ranked first in the occurrence of gastrointestinal bleeding and hepatorenal syndrome. Conclusions: The combination of G-CSF and PTX showed a significant benefit in improving the short-term survival of SAH patients.
Eisenstein series part of the primitive representations for even rank quadratic forms
Creators: name: Kane, Ben
name: Xue, Luhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F11, 11F27, 11E20

description: In this paper, we first investigate the relationship between the number of primitive representations of $n$ by quadratic forms and the number of non-primitive ones. We hence obtain a theorem to deal with the Eisenstein series part with quadratic Dirichlet character when deriving the formula for the number of primitive representations of an integer $n$ by even rank quadratic forms from the number of non primitive ones. Formulas for special cases are given as examples.
Application of an opioid use disorder cascade of care in a large public health system
Creators: name: Carter, Emily
name: Schatz, Daniel
name: Isaacs, Noah
name: Garcia, Juan
name: Henry, Brandy
name: Krawczyk, Noa
name: Williams, Arthur Robin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Background: Over the past decade, hospitals and health systems have increasingly adopted interventions to address the needs of patients with substance use disorders. The Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) Cascade of Care provides a framework for organizing and tracking patient health milestones over time and can assist health systems in identifying areas of intervention to maximize the impact of evidence-based services. However, detailed protocols are needed to guide health systems in how to operationalize the OUD Cascade and track outcomes using electronic health records. Objective: In this paper, we describe the process of operationalizing and applying the OUD Cascade in a large, urban, public hospital system. Methods: Through this case example, we describe the technical processes around data mining, as well as the decision-making processes, challenges encountered, lessons learned from compiling preliminary patient data and defining stages and outcome measures for the OUD Cascade of Care, and preliminary data Results: We identified 33,616 (26.17% female) individuals with an OUD diagnosis. Almost half (48%) engaged with addiction services, while only 10.7% initiated medication-based treatment in an outpatient setting, 6.7% had timely follow-up, and 3.5% were retained for a minimum of 6 months. Conclusion: The current paper serves as a primer for other health systems seeking to implement data-informed approaches to guide more efficient care and improved substance use-related outcomes. An OUD Cascade of Care must be tailored to local systems based on inherent data limitations and services design with an emphasis on early stages wherein drop-off is the greatest.
The advantage of quantum control in many-body Hamiltonian learning
Creators: name: Dutkiewicz, Alicja
name: O'Brien, Thomas E.
name: Schuster, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the problem of learning the Hamiltonian of a many-body quantum system from experimental data. We show that the rate of learning depends on the amount of control available during the experiment. We consider three control models: one where time evolution can be augmented with instantaneous quantum operations, one where the Hamiltonian itself can be augmented by adding constant terms, and one where the experimentalist has no control over the system's time evolution. With continuous quantum control, we provide an adaptive algorithm for learning a many-body Hamiltonian at the Heisenberg limit: $T = \mathcal{O}(ε^{-1})$, where $T$ is the total amount of time evolution across all experiments and $ε$ is the target precision. This requires only preparation of product states, time-evolution, and measurement in a product basis. In the absence of quantum control, we prove that learning is standard quantum limited, $T = Ω(ε^{-2})$, for large classes of many-body Hamiltonians, including any Hamiltonian that thermalizes via the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis. These results establish a quadratic advantage in experimental runtime for learning with quantum control.
description: 9 pages + 5 pages references + 30 page appendix, 4 figures
Preservation of elementarity by tensor products of tracial von Neumann algebras
Creators: name: Farah, Ilijas
name: Ghasemi, Saeed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Tensoring with type I algebras preserves elementary equivalence in the category of tracial von Neumann algebras. The proof involves a novel and general Feferman--Vaught-type theorem for direct integrals of metric structures.
description: 24 pages. various minor improvements. To appear in Pacific J. Math
A Calculus for Scoped Effects & Handlers
Creators: name: Bosman, Roger
name: Berg, Birthe van den
name: Tang, Wenhao
name: Schrijvers, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Algebraic effects & handlers have become a standard approach for side-effects in functional programming. Their modular composition with other effects and clean separation of syntax and semantics make them attractive to a wide audience. However, not all effects can be classified as algebraic; some need a more sophisticated handling. In particular, effects that have or create a delimited scope need special care, as their continuation consists of two parts-in and out of the scope-and their modular composition introduces additional complexity. These effects are called scoped and have gained attention by their growing applicability and adoption in popular libraries. While calculi have been designed with algebraic effects & handlers built in to facilitate their use, a calculus that supports scoped effects & handlers in a similar manner does not yet exist. This work fills this gap: we present $λ_{\mathit{sc}}$, a calculus with native support for both algebraic and scoped effects & handlers. It addresses the need for polymorphic handlers and explicit clauses for forwarding unknown scoped operations to other handlers. Our calculus is based on Eff, an existing calculus for algebraic effects, extended with Koka-style row polymorphism, and consists of a formal grammar, operational semantics, a (type-safe) type-and-effect system and type inference. We demonstrate $λ_{\mathit{sc}}$ on a range of examples.
Medicinal cannabis use among young adults during California’s transition from legalized medical use to adult-use: a longitudinal analysis
Creators: name: Ataiants, Janna
name: Wong, Carolyn F.
name: Odejimi, Omolola A.
name: Fedorova, Ekaterina V.
name: Conn, Bridgid M.
name: Lankenau, Stephen E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Mental Health

description: Background: In 2016, California transitioned from legalized medical cannabis use to adult-use. Little is known about how this policy change affected medicinal cannabis use among young adults. Objectives: To identify longitudinal groups of medicinal cannabis users and concurrent changes in health- and cannabis use-related characteristics among young adults in Los Angeles between 2014 and 2021. Methods: Cannabis users (210 patients and 156 non-patients; 34% female; ages 18–26 at baseline) were surveyed annually across six waves. Longitudinal latent class analysis derived groups from two factors – cannabis patient status and self-reported medicinal use. Trajectories of health symptoms, cannabis use motives, and cannabis use (daily/near daily use, concentrate use, and problematic use) were estimated across groups. Results: Three longitudinal latent classes emerged: Recreational Users (39.3%) – low self-reported medicinal use and low-to-decreasing patient status; Recreational Patients (40.4%) – low self-reported medicinal use and high-to-decreasing patient status; Medicinal Patients (20.3%) – high self-reported medicinal use and high-to-decreasing patient status. At baseline, Medicinal Patients had higher levels of physical health symptoms and motives than recreational groups (p < .05); both patient groups reported higher level of daily/near daily and concentrate use (p < .01). Over time, mental health symptoms increased in recreational groups (p < .05) and problematic cannabis use increased among Recreational Patients (p < .01). Conclusions: During the transition to legalized adult-use, patterns of medicinal cannabis use varied among young adults. Clinicians should monitor increases in mental health symptoms and cannabis-related problems among young adults who report recreational – but not medicinal – cannabis use.
Fluctuations of random Motzkin paths II
Creators: name: Bryc, Wlodzimierz
name: Wang, Yizao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We compute limit fluctuations of random Motzkin paths with arbitrary end-points as the length of the path tends to infinity.
description: Expanded version with additional details
Experiencing violence and other predictors of within-person same-day use of multiple substances in youth: a longitudinal study in emergency settings
Creators: name: Lyons, Vivian H.
name: Myers, Matthew G.
name: Cunningham, Rebecca M.
name: Zimmerman, Marc A.
name: Carter, Patrick M.
name: Walton, Maureen A.
name: Goldstick, Jason
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health

description: Background: Although experiencing violence is a risk factor for substance use among youth, its association with same-day use of multiple substances (a form of polysubstance use) and mitigating factors is less well understood. Objectives: To identify whether prosocial factors modified the effect of experiencing violence on the frequency of same-day use, and examine gender-specific risk/protective factors for same-day use. Methods: We analyzed longitudinal data from a cohort of youth who use drugs aged 14–24 (n = 599; 58% male) presenting to an urban emergency department between 2009–2011 and assessed biannually for two years. Using Poisson-generalized linear models with person-level fixed effects, we estimated within-person associations between self-reported experiencing violence and same-day use and analyzed gender and peer/parent support as effect modifiers. We adjusted for negative peer influence, parental drug and alcohol use, family conflict, anxiety and depression, and age. Results: Overall, positive parental support corresponded to lower rates of same-day use (rate ratio [RR]:0.93, 95% CI:0.87–0.99) and experiencing violence was associated with higher rates of same-day use (RR:1.25, 95% CI:1.10–1.41). Violence exposure was a risk factor among males (RR:1.42, 95% CI:1.21–1.66), while negative peer influences and parental substance use were risk factors among females (RR:1.63, 95% CI:1.36–1.97 and RR:1.58, 95% CI:1.35–1.83, respectively). Positive peer support reduced the association between violence exposure and same-day use among males (RR:0.69, 95% CI:0.57–0.84, p < .05). Conclusions: Tailored interventions may address gender differences in coping with experiencing violence – including interventions that promote parental support among males and reduce influence from parental substance use among females.
HQP: A Human-Annotated Dataset for Detecting Online Propaganda
Creators: name: Maarouf, Abdurahman
name: Bär, Dominik
name: Geissler, Dominique
name: Feuerriegel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Online propaganda poses a severe threat to the integrity of societies. However, existing datasets for detecting online propaganda have a key limitation: they were annotated using weak labels that can be noisy and even incorrect. To address this limitation, our work makes the following contributions: (1) We present HQP: a novel dataset (N = 30,000) for detecting online propaganda with high-quality labels. To the best of our knowledge, HQP is the first large-scale dataset for detecting online propaganda that was created through human annotation. (2) We show empirically that state-of-the-art language models fail in detecting online propaganda when trained with weak labels (AUC: 64.03). In contrast, state-of-the-art language models can accurately detect online propaganda when trained with our high-quality labels (AUC: 92.25), which is an improvement of ~44%. (3) We show that prompt-based learning using a small sample of high-quality labels can still achieve a reasonable performance (AUC: 80.27) while significantly reducing the cost of labeling. (4) We extend HQP to HQP+ to test how well propaganda across different contexts can be detected. Crucially, our work highlights the importance of high-quality labels for sensitive NLP tasks such as propaganda detection.
description: Accepted at ACL Findings 24
ECOLINGUISTICS: EXPLORING THE CONNECTION BETWEEN LANGUAGE AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Creators: name: Abdullaev Sobir Samadovich, Samarkand state institute of foreign languages
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ecology is a term that has long been familiar to us, by which everyone is accustomed to understand the influence of the environment on nature and living organisms. And what does the ecology of language mean? This trend has appeared relatively recently in linguistics, which tries to connect the ideas of the harmonious existence of language and nature. Languages have always been closely interconnected with each other, and on the one hand, this contributes to degradation, and on the other – to development. Ecolinguistics is a field that explores the connection between language and the environment. Language influences our perceptions of the natural world, attitudes towards the environment, and actions for conservation. Linguistic diversity, particularly indigenous languages, holds valuable ecological knowledge and practices for biodiversity conservation. Ecolinguistics can be applied in education, communication, policy-making, and activism to promote environmental awareness and sustainability.
Efficiency and Comfort in IoT-Controlled HVAC: Exploring Flexible Setpoints for Infrequent Office Occupancy
Creators: name: Hassan, Khalid
name: Ntimos, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: Research Gate
Year: 2024

description: This paper presents a comprehensive study investigating the implementation of flexible heating and cooling setpoints in infrequently occupied spaces, focusing on meeting and training rooms. The research showcases the practical application in an office building located in Glasgow, featuring six meeting rooms and one training room.
The Dataset of Body Movement and Emotion: Investigating the Impact of Audiovisual Tempo Manipulations on Emotional Arousal and Valence
Creators: name: Wang, Xinyue
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This is the dataset for the study "Body Movement and Emotion: Investigating the Impact of Audiovisual Tempo Manipulations on Emotional Arousal and Valence". The file includes perceptual ratings, i.e. emotional valence, arousal, and perceived naturalness, as well as the temporal and kinematic features of the stimuli. Details of how the data was prepared can be found in this article soon to be published.
Aspects of Holography in Conical $AdS_3$
Creators: name: Berenstein, David
name: Grabovsky, David
name: Li, Ziyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Feynman propagator of free scalar fields in $AdS_3$ with a conical defect. The propagator is built by solving the bulk equation of motion, summing over the modes of the field, and taking the boundary limit. We then perform several consistency checks. In the dual CFT, the operator responsible for the defect creates a highly excited state. We consider the exchange of the Virasoro identity block in the heavy-light limit to obtain an expression for the propagator sensitive to the mass of the defect. In $AdS_3/\mathbb{Z}_n$, we treat the propagator by the method of images and in the geodesic approximation. More generally, we argue that long-range correlations of the scalar are suppressed as the defect becomes more massive: we find a continuous phase transition in the correlator at the BTZ threshold and examine its critical behavior. Finally, we apply our results to holographic entanglement entropy using an analogy between our scalars and replica twist fields.
description: 33 pages, 5 figures, JHEP style. v2: Section 4 was rewritten: an error was corrected that arose from using an approximation that did not apply. The crossing relations are now verified to all orders and do not present a puzzle any longer. The conclusions are updated based on the new calculations. Figures and references added. v3: Number of typos reduced. Supersedes the published version
Refined topological recursion revisited -- properties and conjectures
Creators: name: Osuga, Kento
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For any (possibly singular) hyperelliptic curve, we give the definition of a hyperelliptic refined spectral curve and the hyperelliptic refined topological recursion, generalising the formulation for a special class of genus-zero curves by Kidwai and the author, and also improving the proposal by Chekhov and Eynard. Along the way, we uncover a fundamental geometric structure underlying the hyperelliptic refined topological recursion and investigate its properties -- parts of which remain conjectural due to computational difficulties. Moreover, we establish a new recursion valid in the so-called Nekrasov-Shatashivili limit and prove existence of the corresponding quantum curve.
description: minor changes in presentation, accepted version to CMP
Stereographic compactification and affine bi-Lipschitz homeomorphisms
Creators: name: Grandjean, Vincent
name: Oliveira, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $σ_q : \mathbb{R}^q \to {\bf S}^q \setminus N_q$ be the inverse of the stereographic projection with centre the north pole $N_q$. Let $W_i$ be a closed subset of $\mathbb{R}^{q_i}$, for $i=1,2$. Let $Φ:W_1 \to W_2$ be a bi-Lipschitz homeomorphism. The main result states that the homeomorphism $σ_{q_2}\circ Φ\circ σ_{q_1}^{-1}$ is a bi-Lipschitz homeomorphism, extending bi-Lipschitz-ly at $N_{q_1}$ with value $N_{q_2}$ whenever $W_1$ is unbounded. As two straightforward applications in the polynomially bounded o-minimal context over the real numbers, we obtain for free a version at infinity of: 1) Sampaio's tangent cone result; 2) Links preserving re-parametrization of definable bi-Lipschitz homeomorphisms of Valette.
description: 15 pages
Response of the Verwey transition in magnetite to a controlled point-like disorder induced by 2.5 MeV electron irradiation
Creators: name: Prozorov, Ruslan
name: Tanatar, Makariy A.
name: Timmons, Erik I.
name: Konczykowski, Marcin
name: Prozorov, Tanya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A controlled point-like disorder induced by low temperature 2.5 MeV electron irradiation was used to probe the nature of the Verwey transition in magnetite, $\text{Fe}_{3}\text{O}_{4}$. Two large single crystals, one with optimal transition temperature, $T_{V}\approx121$ K, and another with $T_{V}\approx109$ K, as well as biogenic nanocrystals, $T_{V}\approx110$ K, were examined. Temperature-dependent resistivity is consistent with the semiconductor-to-semiconductor sharp, step-like Verwey transition from a state with a small bandgap of around 60 meV to a state with a larger bandgap of about 300 meV. The irradiation causes an up-shift of the resistivity curves above the transition without transition smearing or broadening. It also causes an apparent down-shift of the resistivity maximum at high temperatures. In the lower $T_{V}$ crystal, the electron irradiation drives the transition temperature into a ``forbidden" regime believed to separate the first order from the second order phase transition. Contrary to this belief, the transition itself remains sharp and hysteretic without a significant change in the hysteresis width. We conclude that the sudden change of the bandgap accompanied by the monoclinic distortion and the change of magnetic anisotropy is the reason for the Verwey transition in magnetite and the effect of additional disorder is mostly in the smearing of the sharp gap edges near the Fermi level.
The signature of large scale turbulence driving on the structure of the interstellar medium
Creators: name: Colman, Tine
name: Robitaille, Jean-François
name: Hennebelle, Patrick
name: Miville-Deschênes, Marc-Antoine
name: Brucy, Noé
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
name: Glover, Simon C. O.
name: Soler, Juan D.
name: Elia, Davide
name: Traficante, Alessio
name: Molinari, Sergio
name: Testi, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanisms that maintain turbulence in the interstellar medium (ISM) are still not identified. This work investigates how we can distinguish between two fundamental driving mechanisms: the accumulated effect of stellar feedback versus the energy injection from Galactic scales. We perform a series of numerical simulations describing a stratified star forming ISM subject to self-consistent stellar feedback. Large scale external turbulent driving of various intensities is added to mimic galactic driving mechanisms. We analyse the resulting column density maps with a technique called Multi-scale non-Gaussian segmentation that separates the coherent structures and the Gaussian background. This effectively discriminates between the various simulations and is a promising method to understand the ISM structure. In particular the power spectrum of the coherent structures flattens above 60 pc when turbulence is driven only by stellar feedback. When large-scale driving is applied, the turn-over shifts to larger scales. A systematic comparison with the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is then performed. Only 1 out of 25 regions has a coherent power spectrum which is consistent with the feedback-only simulation. A detailed study of the turn-over scale leads us to conclude that regular stellar feedback is not enough to explain the observed ISM structure on scales larger than 60 pc. Extreme feedback in the form of supergiant shells likely plays an important role but cannot explain all the regions of the LMC. If we assume ISM structure is generated by turbulence, another large scale driving mechanism is needed to explain the entirety of the observations.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, to be published in MNRAS
Local regularity for nonlocal double phase equations in the Heisenberg group
Creators: name: Fang, Yuzhou
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Zhang, Junli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove interior boundedness and Hölder continuity for the weak solutions of nonlocal double phase equations in the Heisenberg group $\mathbb{H}^n$. This solves a problem raised by Palatucci and Piccinini et. al. in 2022 and 2023 for nonlinear integro-differential problems in the Heisenberg group $\mathbb{H}^n$. Our proof of the a priori estiamtes bases on the spirit of De Giorgi-Nash-Moser theory, where the important ingredients are Caccioppoli-type inequality and Logarithmic estimate. To achieve this goal, we establish a new and crucial Sobolev-Poincaré type inequality in local domain, which may be of independent interest and potential applications.
The photography method: solving pentagon equation
Creators: name: Manturov, Vassily Olegovich
name: Wan, Zheyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the present paper, we consider two applications of the pentagon equation. The first deals with actions of flips on edges of triangulations labelled by rational functions in some variables. The second can be formulated as a system of linear equations with variables corresponding to triangles of a triangulation. The general method says that if there is some general {\em data} (say, edge lengths or areas) associated with {\em states} (say, triangulations) and a general {\em data transformation rule} (say, how lengths or areas are changed under flips) then after returning to the initial state we recover the initial data.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, comments are welcome!
Lagrangian cobordism of positroid links
Creators: name: Asplund, Johan
name: Bae, Youngjin
name: Capovilla-Searle, Orsola
name: Castronovo, Marco
name: Leverson, Caitlin
name: Wu, Angela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D12, 57K33, 14M15, 13F60

description: Casals-Gorsky-Gorsky-Simental realized all positroid strata of the complex Grassmannian as augmentation varieties of Legendrians called positroid links. We prove that the partial order on strata induced by Zariski closure also has a symplectic interpretation, given by exact Lagrangian cobordism.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures. Final version to appear in Pacific J. Math
SPIRAL: A superlinearly convergent incremental proximal algorithm for nonconvex finite sum minimization
Creators: name: Behmandpoor, Pourya
name: Latafat, Puya
name: Themelis, Andreas
name: Moonen, Marc
name: Patrinos, Panagiotis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 90C06, 90C25, 90C26, 49J52, 49J53, 90C53

description: We introduce SPIRAL, a SuPerlinearly convergent Incremental pRoximal ALgorithm, for solving nonconvex regularized finite sum problems under a relative smoothness assumption. Each iteration of SPIRAL consists of an inner and an outer loop. It combines incremental gradient updates with a linesearch that has the remarkable property of never being triggered asymptotically, leading to superlinear convergence under mild assumptions at the limit point. Simulation results with L-BFGS directions on different convex, nonconvex, and non-Lipschitz differentiable problems show that our algorithm, as well as its adaptive variant, are competitive to the state of the art.
Bearing-Constrained Leader-Follower Formation of Single-Integrators with Disturbance Rejection: Adaptive Variable-Structure Approaches
Creators: name: Nguyen, Thanh Truong
name: Van Vu, Dung
name: Van Pham, Tuynh
name: Trinh, Minh Hoang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper studies the problem of stabilizing a leader-follower formation specified by a set of bearing constraints and being disturbed by some unknown uniformly bounded disturbance{s}. A set of leaders are positioned at their desired positions, while each follower is modeled by a single integrator with an additive time-varying disturbance. Adaptive variable-structure control laws using displacements or only bearing vectors are provided to stabilize the desired formation. Thanks to the adaptive mechanisms, the proposed control laws require neither information of the bearing Laplacian nor the disturbances' directions and upper bounds. It is further proved that when the leaders are moving with a same bounded uniformly continuous velocity, the moving target formation can still be achieved under the proposed control laws. Simulation results are also given to support the stability analysis.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
title: Enclosed spatial formations: space and place in the socialist and post-socialist Romanian and Hungarian cinema
Creators: name: Batori, Anna
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Romanian cinema, Hungarian cinema, socialist remembrance, space, place, narrative space, architecture and film.

description: The thesis proposes a comparative textual research on Hungarian and Romanian cinema by setting up a model that informs the implicit cinematic reflection on socialism in film. By establishing two aesthetic categories – horizontal and vertical enclosure –, the thesis argues that the spatial structure of the narratives reveals and alludes to the oppressive policy of the Hungarian and Romanian socialist regimes. The first part of the research scrutinises the space in Romanian cinema, and investigates the birth of the vertical enclosure. The analysis focuses on the spatial representation of Bucharest, that is the claustrophobic illustration of the urban landscape and its space depicted by the tools of notorious surveillance on screen. As argued in the thesis, the architectural forms and their film representations build up a spatial constellation identical to Bentham’s Panopticon discussed by Michel Foucault. The second part of the investigation concentrates on Hungarian cinema and the evolution of horizontal enclosure in film. Through textual analysis of the selected films that are set on the Great Hungarian Plain, the thesis discusses the allegorical use of space during and after socialism. Therefore, while concentrating on the circularity of the location and the mise-en-scène of the films – that refer to the isolation and indefiniteness of space – the author argues that the directors recall the parabolic language of the cinematic corpus of the socialist epoch. As concluded by the work, the contemporary art cinema of Romania and Hungary both reference socialism by using space as the main device for the implicit textual reflections. In this way, horizontal and vertical enclosure also emphasise the revival of the forms of the socialist aesthetics.
The list-Ramsey threshold for families of graphs
Creators: name: Kuperwasser, Eden
name: Samotij, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a family of graphs $\mathcal{F}$ and an integer $r$, we say that a graph is $r$-Ramsey for $\mathcal{F}$ if any $r$-colouring of its edges admits a monochromatic copy of a graph from $\mathcal{F}$. The threshold for the classic Ramsey property in the binomial random graph, where $\mathcal{F}$ consists of one graph, was located in the celebrated work of Rödl and Ruciński.
 In this paper, we offer a twofold generalisation to the Rödl--Ruciński theorem. First, we show that the list-colouring version of the property has the same threshold. Second, we extend this result to finite families $\mathcal{F}$, where the threshold statements might also diverge. This also confirms further special cases of the Kohayakawa--Kreuter conjecture. Along the way, we supply a short(-ish), self-contained proof of the $0$-statement of the Rödl--Ruciński theorem.