cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Machine learning and Topological data analysis identify unique features of human papillae in 3D scans
Creators: name: Andreeva, Rayna
name: Sarkar, Anwesha
name: Sarkar, Rik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The tongue surface houses a range of papillae that are integral to the mechanics and chemistry of taste and textural sensation. Although gustatory function of papillae is well investigated, the uniqueness of papillae within and across individuals remains elusive. Here, we present the first machine learning framework on 3D microscopic scans of human papillae (n = 2092), uncovering the uniqueness of geometric and topological features of papillae. The finer differences in shapes of papillae are investigated computationally based on a number of features derived from discrete differential geometry and computational topology. Interpretable machine learning techniques show that persistent homology features of the papillae shape are the most effective in predicting the biological variables. Models trained on these features with small volumes of data samples predict the type of papillae with an accuracy of 85%. The papillae type classification models can map the spatial arrangement of filiform and fungiform papillae on a surface. Remarkably, the papillae are found to be distinctive across individuals and an individual can be identified with an accuracy of 48% among the 15 participants from a single papillae. Collectively, this is the first unprecedented evidence demonstrating that tongue papillae can serve as a unique identifier inspiring new research direction for food preferences and oral diagnostics.
Multimodal Driver Referencing: A Comparison of Pointing to Objects Inside and Outside the Vehicle
Creators: name: Aftab, Abdul Rafey
name: von der Beeck, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Advanced in-cabin sensing technologies, especially vision based approaches, have tremendously progressed user interaction inside the vehicle, paving the way for new applications of natural user interaction. Just as humans use multiple modes to communicate with each other, we follow an approach which is characterized by simultaneously using multiple modalities to achieve natural human-machine interaction for a specific task: pointing to or glancing towards objects inside as well as outside the vehicle for deictic references. By tracking the movements of eye-gaze, head and finger, we design a multimodal fusion architecture using a deep neural network to precisely identify the driver's referencing intent. Additionally, we use a speech command as a trigger to separate each referencing event. We observe differences in driver behavior in the two pointing use cases (i.e. for inside and outside objects), especially when analyzing the preciseness of the three modalities eye, head, and finger. We conclude that there is no single modality that is solely optimal for all cases as each modality reveals certain limitations. Fusion of multiple modalities exploits the relevant characteristics of each modality, hence overcoming the case dependent limitations of each individual modality. Ultimately, we propose a method to identity whether the driver's referenced object lies inside or outside the vehicle, based on the predicted pointing direction.
title: UMTA News Notes (Volume I, No. 43)
Creators: name: Federal Transit Administration
Publisher: name: Federal Transit Administration
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/01mg0yh05
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1975
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/87960
subject: Urban transportation
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97447
subject: News
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88726
subject: Federal aid
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/87961
subject: Urban transit
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/87940
subject: Rail transit
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/87936
subject: Public transit
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/92367
subject: Subways

description: Occasional New Letter for the Urban Mass Transportation Administration staff, Prepared and Distributed by UPA. This edition, October 10, 1975, has news updates on: WMATA receiving a federal aid grant; and, the Morgantown Personal Rapid Transit system opening.
Immediate employment and income impacts of Covid-19 in New Zealand: evidence from a survey conducted during the Alert Level 4 lockdown
Creators: name: Fletcher, Michael
name: Prickett, Kate
name: Chapple, Simon
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 140299 Applied Economics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140199 Economic Theory not elsewhere classified
subject: 149999 Economics not elsewhere classified

description: The Covid-19 Level 4 lockdown represented an unprecedented and sudden shock to the New Zealand labour market. Using unique data collected during lockdown (n = 2002), this study examined the work circumstances of individuals and the economic shock in terms of income and job loss to both individuals and households. We found that the unemployment effectively doubled rising from 5.2% just prior to lockdown to 10.5% by week 3 of lockdown. Close to 44% of individuals lived in a household where members experienced job and/or income loss. While economic loss was widespread, some groups were harder hit, particularly those with lower incomes.
Resonant exciton transfer in mixed-dimensional heterostructures for overcoming dimensional restrictions in optical processes
Creators: name: Fang, N.
name: Yamashita, D.
name: Fujii, S.
name: Maruyama, M.
name: Gao, Y.
name: Chang, Y. R.
name: Fong, C. F.
name: Otsuka, K.
name: Nagashio, K.
name: Okada, S.
name: Kato, Y. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanomaterials exhibit unique optical phenomena, in particular excitonic quantum processes occurring at room temperature. The low dimensionality, however, imposes strict requirements for conventional optical excitation, and an approach for bypassing such restrictions is desirable. Here we report on exciton transfer in carbon-nanotube/tungsten-diselenide heterostructures, where band alignment can be systematically varied. The mixed-dimensional heterostructures display a pronounced exciton reservoir effect where the longer-lifetime excitons within the two-dimensional semiconductor are funneled into carbon nanotubes through diffusion. This new excitation pathway presents several advantages, including larger absorption areas, broadband spectral response, and polarization-independent efficiency. When band alignment is resonant, we observe substantially more efficient excitation via tungsten diselenide compared to direct excitation of the nanotube. We further demonstrate simultaneous bright emission from an array of carbon nanotubes with varied chiralities and orientations. Our findings show the potential of mixed-dimensional heterostructures and band alignment engineering for energy harvesting and quantum applications through exciton manipulation.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Deep Learning-based Anomaly Detection on X-ray Images of Fuel Cell Electrodes
Creators: name: Jensen, Simon B.
name: Moeslund, Thomas B.
name: Andreasen, Søren J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Anomaly detection in X-ray images has been an active and lasting research area in the last decades, especially in the domain of medical X-ray images. For this work, we created a real-world labeled anomaly dataset, consisting of 16-bit X-ray image data of fuel cell electrodes coated with a platinum catalyst solution and perform anomaly detection on the dataset using a deep learning approach. The dataset contains a diverse set of anomalies with 11 identified common anomalies where the electrodes contain e.g. scratches, bubbles, smudges etc. We experiment with 16-bit image to 8-bit image conversion methods to utilize pre-trained Convolutional Neural Networks as feature extractors (transfer learning) and find that we achieve the best performance by maximizing the contrasts globally across the dataset during the 16-bit to 8-bit conversion, through histogram equalization. We group the fuel cell electrodes with anomalies into a single class called abnormal and the normal fuel cell electrodes into a class called normal, thereby abstracting the anomaly detection problem into a binary classification problem. We achieve a balanced accuracy of 85.18\%. The anomaly detection is used by the company, Serenergy, for optimizing the time spend on the quality control of the fuel cell electrodes
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, VISAPP2022
Hydrodynamic Navier-Stokes equations in two-dimensional systems with Rashba spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Idrisov, Edvin G.
name: Hasdeo, Eddwi H.
name: Radhakrishnan, Byjesh N.
name: Schmidt, Thomas L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a two-dimensional (2D) electron system with a linear spectrum in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit (RSO) coupling in the hydrodynamic regime. We derive a semiclassical Boltzmann equation with a collision integral due to Coulomb interactions in the basis of the eigenstates of the system with RSO coupling. Using the local equilibrium distribution functions, we obtain a generalized hydrodynamic Navier-Stokes equation for electronic systems with RSO coupling. In particular, we discuss the influence of the spin-orbit coupling on the viscosity and the enthalpy of the system and present some of its observable effects in hydrodynamic transport.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, prepared for the special issue on electron hydrodynamics in Low Temperature Physics
Extended Range Telepresence for Evacuation Training in Pedestrian Simulations
Creators: name: Arias, Antonia Perez
name: Hanebeck, Uwe D.
name: Ehrhardt, Peter
name: Hengst, Stefan
name: Kretz, Tobias
name: Vortisch, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this contribution, we propose a new framework to evaluate pedestrian simula-tions by using Extended Range Telepresence. Telepresence is used as a virtual reality walking simulator, which provides the user with a realistic impression of being present and walking in a virtual environment that is much larger than the real physical environment, in which the user actually walks. The validation of the simulation is performed by comparing motion data of the telepresent user with simulated data at some points of the simulation. The use of haptic feedback from the simulation makes the framework suitable for training in emergency situations.
description: Contribution to Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2010 (PED2010) conference
Dynamical simulation of the injection of vortices into a Majorana edge mode
Creators: name: Flór, I. M.
name: Donís-Vela, A.
name: Beenakker, C. W. J.
name: Lemut, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chiral edge modes of a topological superconductor can transport fermionic quasiparticles, with Abelian exchange statistics, but they can also transport non-Abelian anyons: Edge-vortices bound to a $π$-phase domain wall that propagates along the boundary. A pair of such edge-vortices is injected by the application of an $h/2e$ flux bias over a Josephson junction. Existing descriptions of the injection process rely on the instantaneous scattering approximation of the adiabatic regime [Beenakker et al. Phys.Rev.Lett. 122, (2019)], where the internal dynamics of the Josephson junction is ignored. Here we go beyond that approximation in a time-dependent many-body simulation of the injection process, followed by a braiding of mobile edge-vortices with a pair of immobile Abrikosov vortices in the bulk of the superconductor. Our simulation sheds light on the properties of the Josephson junction needed for a successful implementation of a flying topological qubit.
description: 13 pages 13 figures
On the plasma temperature in supernova remnants with cosmic-ray modified shocks
Creators: name: Drury, L. O'C.
name: Aharonian, F. A.
name: Malyshev, D.
name: Gabici, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Multiwavelength observations of supernova remnants can be explained within the framework of the diffusive shock acceleration theory, which allows effective conversion of the explosion energy into cosmic rays. Although the models of nonlinear shocks describe reasonably well the nonthermal component of emission, certain issues, including the heating of the thermal plasma and the related X-ray emission, remain still open. Aims: To discuss how the evolution and structure of supernova remnants is affected by strong particle acceleration at the forward shock. Methods: Analytical estimates combined with detailed discussion of the physical processes. Results: The overall dynamics is shown to be relatively insensitive to the amount of particle acceleration, but the post-shock gas temperature can be reduced to a relatively small multiple, even as small as six times, the ambient temperature with a very weak dependence on the shock speed. This is in marked contrast to pure gas models where the temperature is insensitive to the ambient temperature and is determined by the square of the shock speed. It thus appears to be possible to suppress effectively thermal X-ray emission from remnants by strong particle acceleration. This might provide a clue for understanding the lack of thermal X-rays from the TeV bright supernova remnant RX J1713.7-3946.
description: Appendix A added, minor changes and additional references included
title: Letter to Mr. Ollie Boileau, President, Boeing Aerospace Company
Creators: name: Heffelfinger, William S.
name: Federal Transit Administration
Publisher: name: Federal Transit Administration
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/01mg0yh05
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1976
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/94193
subject: People movers
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/89289
subject: Personal rapid transit
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/89022
subject: Contracts

description: "Since our meeting some weeks ago at which you urged that the Department of Transportation reconsider its rejection of Boeing's claims in connection with its work on the Morgantown project, I have had an exhaustive review made of each of these claims, and our respective positions on the issues involved." [First paragraph]
title: The Development of an Instrument to Measure the Self-Efficacy of Students Participating in VEX Robotics Competitions
Creators: name: Robinson, Trevor P.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: The number of robotics competitions has steadily increased over the past 30 years. Schools are implementing robotics competitions to increase student content knowledge and interest in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Companies in STEM-related fields are financially supporting robotics competitions to help increase the number of students pursuing careers in STEM among other reasons. These financial supporters and school administrations are asking what the outcomes of students participating in competitive robotics are. Few studies have been conducted to investigate these outcomes. The studies that have been conducted usually compare students in robotics to students not in robotics. There have not been any studies that compare students to themselves before and after participating in robotics competitions. This may be due to the lack of available instruments to measure student outcomes.
This study developed an instrument to measure the self-efficacy of students participating in VEX Robotics Competitions (VRC). The VRC is the world’s largest and fastest growing robotics competition available for middle and high school students. Self-efficacy was measured because of its importance to the education community. Students with higher self-efficacy tend to persevere through difficult tasks more frequently than students with low self-efficacy. A person’s self-efficacy has major influence over what interests, activities, classes, college majors, and careers he or she will pursue in life.
The self-efficacy survey instrument created through this study was developed through an occupational and task analysis (OTA), and initial content and face validity was established through the OTA process. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were also conducted to assist in instrument validation. The reliability was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha. Face validity was established through the OTA process. Construct validity was established through the factor analyses. The processes of the OTA and factor analyses have created an instrument that results indicate is reliable and valid to use in further research studies.
title: Bridging the Nano- and Macro-Worlds: Thermal Property Measurement Using Thermal Microscopy and Photothermal Radiometry – Application to Particle-Irradiation Damage Profile in Zirconium Carbide
Creators: name: Jensen, Colby Bruce
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: Multiscaled experimental investigations of heat transfer from nanoscales to macroscales are requisite to progress in energy technologies. In nuclear applications, material properties can undergo significant alteration due to destructive interaction with irradiating particles at microstructural levels that affect bulk properties. Correlating material microstructure to bulk material properties remains a crucial hurdle for obtaining first-principles-based, full-scale material property predictive capability. Ion-irradiated material studies provide valuable insight into material behavior under irradiation conditions that can be correlated to neutron irradiation effects. Through such studies, the need of costly (money and time) studies of neutron interaction with materials can be mitigated significantly. One of the challenges associated with studies of ion-irradiated materials is that the affected layer, or penetration depth, is typically very thin (~0.1-100μm for laboratory accelerators). Few investigations have been reported of ion-irradiation effects on thermal transport properties, in part, due to the challenge associated with measurements at the spatial scales of the zones of interest.
This study expands the current knowledge base regarding thermal transport in ion-irradiated materials through the use of a multiscaled experimental approach using thermal wave methods. In a manner not previously explored, four thermal wave methods are used to characterize the proton-irradiated layer in ZrC including scanning thermal microscopy, spatial-scanning front-detection photothermal radiometry (PTR), lock-in IR thermography (lock-in IRT), and tomographic, frequency-based PTR. For the first time, the in-depth thermal conductivity profile of an ion-irradiated sample is measured directly. The profiles obtained by each of the spatial scanning methods are compared to each other and the numerical prediction of the ion-damage profile. The complementary nature of the various techniques validates the measured profile and the measured degradation of thermal conductivity in the ZrC sample showing the viability of such complementary studies.
Enchanted adder ; original poems
Creators: name: Haddon, Rona
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In the series of poems titled The Enchanted Adder an attempt has been made to imitate a musical form in that the series consists of a suite containing several movements composed upon a unifying theme. Each movement is in itself a set of variations. The theme is that of love. The first and last poems lie outside the suite and deal with the craft of - poetry; they thus form an Introduction and a Coda. At the same time they contain suggestions of the central theme. Movement 1, poems 2-5: attempt to express the joy and innocence found in love but at the same time foreshadows the adder in the garden. Movement 2, poems 6-12: the tonality grows darker as uncertainty, fear of loss, and questioning enter. Movement 3. poems 13-19: loss, dread and a symbolic death pick up from the second movement. Movement 4, poems 20-26: expresses a variety of conflicting emotions: the need to accept loss, again symbolic death, the censorship of society, the desert after love, hatred towards both the self and towards the beloved. Movement 5. poems 27-30: again the mood shifts; this time to one of cynicism and confusion. Movement 6. poem 31: a prayer that the poet's daughter may not have to live through her own experience. Movement 7, poems 32-33: the ascent out of loss. Movement 8, poems 34-38: a section dealing with madness and nightmares on the part of both the man and the woman. Movement 9. poem 39: deals with the physical death of the man; this may be actual or it may take place in the mind of the woman who has not been able to erase what has occurred from her sub-conscious, The suite is intended to end ambiguously. An attempt has been made to give flexibility to the whole through the use of various verse forms and through a certain amount of contrapuntal movement in time.
Eesnäärmevähi levikuulatuse määramine magnetresonantstomograafial
Creators: name: Šamarin, Andrei
name: Kotsar, Andres
name: Timberg, Gennadi
name: Hirmo, Jüri
name: Leht, Meelis
name: Järv, Vladimir
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2004
Subjects: eesnäärmevähk, staadiumi määramine, MRT

description: Eesnäärmevähi sagenemise  tõttu pööratakse üha suuremat  tähelepanu selle diagnoosimisele  ja ravile. Operatiivse ravi planeerimisel on äärmiselt oluline võimalikult täpne teave haiguse levikuulatusest. Tänaseni puudub ühtne tegutsemisjuhend selle saavutamiseks, sest senised meetodid pole staadiumi määramisel olnud piisava täpsusega. Artikli autorid on võrrelnud magnetresonatstomograafilist leidu histopatoloogilise leiu ja operatsiooniandmetega ning leidnud, et kuigi MRT-meetod on veel arendamisjärgus, on siiski tegemist praegusel ajal parima kohapeal kättesaadava prostatakartsinoomi staadiumi määramise viisiga.


Eesti Arst 2004; 83 (6): 364–370
description: Eesti Arst, Juuni 2004
title: Expert vs. Novice: Problem Decomposition/Recomposition in Engineering Design
Creators: name: Song, Ting
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: The purpose of this research was to investigate the differences of using problem decomposition and problem recomposition among dyads of engineering experts, dyads of engineering seniors, and dyads of engineering freshmen. Fifty participants took part in this study. Ten were engineering design experts, 20 were engineering seniors, and 20 were engineering freshmen. Participants worked in dyads to complete an engineering design challenge within an hour. The entire design process was video and audio recorded. After the design session, members participated in a group interview.
This study used protocol analysis as the methodology. Video and audio data were transcribed, segmented, and coded. Two coding systems including the FBS ontology and “levels of the problem” were used in this study. A series of statistical techniques were used to analyze data. Interview data and participants’ design sketches also worked as supplemental data to help answer the research questions.
By analyzing the quantitative and qualitative data, it was found that students used less problem decomposition and problem recomposoition than engineer experts in engineering design. This result implies that engineering education should place more importance on teaching problem decomposition and problem recomposition. Students were found to spend less cognitive effort when considering the problem as a whole and interactions between subsystems than engineer experts. In addition, students were also found to spend more cognitive effort when considering details of subsystems. These results showed that students tended to use depth-first decomposition and experts tended to use breadth-first decomposition in engineering design. The use of Function (F), Behavior (B), and Structure (S) among engineering experts, engineering seniors, and engineering freshmen was compared on three levels. Level 1 represents designers consider the problem as an integral whole, Level 2 represents designers consider interactions between subsystems, and Level 3 represents designers consider details of subsystems. The results showed that students used more S on Level 1 and 3 but they used less F on Level 1 than engineering experts. The results imply that engineering curriculum should improve the teaching of problem definition in engineering design because students need to understand the problem before solving it.
Predictions of the hybrid mesons with exotic quantum numbers $J^{PC}=2^{+-}$
Creators: name: Wang, Qi-Nan
name: Lian, Ding-Kun
name: Chen, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the non-strange and strangeonium light hybrid mesons with $J^{PC}=2^{+-}$ by using the method of QCD sum rules. The local hybrid interpolating currents with three Lorentz indices are constructed to couple to such exotic quantum numbers. We calculate the correlation functions up to dimension eight condensates at the leading order of $α_{s}$. In our results, the masses of the non-strange $b_2$ and $h_2$ hybrids are about $2.65~\mathrm{GeV}$, while that of the strangeonium $h_2^\prime$ hybrid is about $2.72~\mathrm{GeV}$. Such exotic $2^{+-}$ hybrids can be generated through both the two-gluon and three-gluon emission processes in the radiative decays of $χ_{cJ}$. Moreover, these hybrid mesons may be detectable due to their peculiar decay behaviors and small decay widths. Using the high-statistics data samples of $ψ(3686)$ in BESIII and BelleII, it is possible to hunt for such hybrid states through the partial wave analyses in the $b_2\toω/a_1/h_1/a_2π\to4π$, $h_2\toρπ\to3π$ and $h_2\to b_1π\to5π$ processes.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures. Published in Phys. Rev. D
Aeroobne töövõime 14–16aastastel neidudel
Creators: name: Karelson, Kalle
name: Jürimäe, Toivo
name: Pomerants, Triin
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2004
Subjects: aeroobne töövõime, maksimaalne hapnikutarbimine, neiud

description: Töö eesmärgiks oli hinnata 14–16aastaste neidude maksimaalse hapnikutarbimise võimet (VO2max)  ja töötada  saadud andmete põhjal välja vastav hindeskaala praktiliseks kasutamiseks. Uuringus osales 102  tervet neidu erinevatest  Tartu koolidest, kelle VO2max  taseme näitajad määrati otsesel meetodil liikuval  jooksurajal Conconi  testi põhjal. Vaatlusaluste neidude VO2max absoluutne näitaja  (±SD) oli 2,24 ± 0,45 l min-1  ja  suhteline näitaja 39,35 ± 6,92 ml min-1 kg-1. Võrreldes  selle  töö  tulemusi erinevate uuringutulemustega maailmast, võib  järeldada, et eesti neidude aeroobse  töövõime  tase on suhteliselt sarnane eakaaslaste omaga mujal maailmas.

Eesti Arst 2004; 83 (6): 371–373
description: Eesti Arst, Juuni 2004
Gauge invariant spectral analysis of quark hadronization dynamics
Creators: name: Accardi, Alberto
name: Costa, Caroline S. R.
name: Signori, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Dirac decomposition of the gauge invariant quark propagator, whose imaginary part describes the hadronization of a quark as this interacts with the vacuum, and relate each of its coefficients to a specific sum rule for the chiral-odd and chiral-even quark spectral functions. Working at first in light-like axial gauge, we obtain a new sum rule for the spectral function associated to the gauge fixing vector, and show that its second moment is in fact equal to zero. Then, we demonstrate that the first moment of the chiral-odd quark spectral function is equal in any gauge to the so-called inclusive jet mass, which is related to the mass of the particles produced in the hadronization of a quark. Finally, we present a gauge-dependent formula that connects the second moment of the chiral-even quark spectral function to invariant mass generation and final state rescattering in the hadronization of a quark.
description: 16 pages
The aperiodic Domino problem in higher dimension
Creators: name: Callard, Antonin
name: de Menibus, Benjamin Hellouin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.2.2; F.1.1
subject: 68Q17, 37B51

description: The classical Domino problem asks whether there exists a tiling in which none of the forbidden patterns given as input appear. In this paper, we consider the aperiodic version of the Domino problem: given as input a family of forbidden patterns, does it allow an aperiodic tiling? The input may correspond to a subshift of finite type, a sofic subshift or an effective subshift. arXiv:1805.08829 proved that this problem is co-recursively enumerable ($Π_0^1$-complete) in dimension 2 for geometrical reasons. We show that it is much harder, namely analytic ($Σ_1^1$-complete), in higher dimension: $d \geq 4$ in the finite type case, $d \geq 3$ for sofic and effective subshifts. The reduction uses a subshift embedding universal computation and two additional dimensions to control periodicity. This complexity jump is surprising for two reasons: first, it separates 2- and 3-dimensional subshifts, whereas most subshift properties are the same in dimension 2 and higher; second, it is unexpectedly large.
description: 15 pages, accepted to STACS 2022
Incoherent electronic band states in Mn-substituted BaFe$_{2}$As$_{2}$
Creators: name: Cantarino, Marli R.
name: Pakuszewski, Kevin R.
name: Salzmann, Björn
name: Moya, Pedro H. A.
name: Neto, Wagner R. da Silva
name: Freitas, Gabriel S.
name: Pagliuso, P. G.
name: Brito, Walber H.
name: Monney, Claude
name: Adriano, C.
name: Garcia, Fernando A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chemical substitution is commonly used to explore new ground states in materials, yet the role of disorder is often overlooked. In Mn-substituted BaFe$_{2}$As$_{2}$ (MnBFA), superconductivity (SC) is absent, despite being observed for nominal hole-doped phases. Instead, a glassy magnetic phase emerges, associated with the $S=5/2$ Mn local spins. In this work, we present a comprehensive investigation of the electronic structure of MnBFA using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). We find that Mn causes a small and orbital-specific reduction of the electron pockets, only partially disrupting nesting conditions. Based upon the analysis of the spectral properties, we observe, for all bands, an increase in the electronic scattering rate as a function of Mn content. This is interpreted as increasing band incoherence, which we propose as the primary contributor to the suppression of the magnetic order in MnBFA. This finding connects the MnBFA electronic band structure properties to the glassy magnetic behavior observed in these materials and suggests that SC is absent because of the collective magnetic impurity behavior that scatters the Fe-derived excitations. Additionally, our analysis shows that the binding energy ($E_{B}$) dependence of the imaginary part of the self-energy [$\text{Im}Σ(E_{B})$] is best described by a fractional scaling ($\text{Im}Σ(E_{B})\propto\sqrt{-E_{B}}$). These results indicate that Mn tunes MnBFA into an electronic disordered phase between the correlated Hund's metal in BaFe$_{2}$As$_{2}$ and the Hund's insulator in BaMn$_{2}$As$_{2}$.
description: main 8 pages, 5 figures + supp 5 pages, 4 figures
title: Computational Models of Intracellular and Intercellular Processes in Developmental Biology
Creators: name: Ghaffarizadeh, Ahmadreza
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: Systems biology takes a holistic approach to biological questions as it applies mathematical
modeling to link and understand the interaction of components in complex biological
systems. Multiscale modeling is the only method that can fully accomplish this aim. Mutliscale models consider processes at different levels that are coupled within the modeling framework. A first requirement in creating such models is a clear understanding of processes that operate at each level. This research focuses on modeling aspects of biological development as a complex process that occurs at many scales. Two of these scales were considered in this work: cellular differentiation, the process of in which less specialized cells acquired specialized properties of mature cell types, and morphogenesis, the process in which an organism develops its shape and tissue architecture. In development, cellular differentiation typically is required for morphogenesis. Therefore, cellular differentiation is at a lower scale than morphogenesis in the overall process of development. In this work, cellular differentiation and morphogenesis were modeled in a variety of biological contexts, with the ultimate goal of linking these different scales of developmental events into a unified model of development.
Three aspects of cellular differentiation were investigated, all united by the theme of how the dynamics of gene regulatory networks (GRNs) control differentiation. Two of the projects of this dissertation studied the effect of noise and robustness in switching between cell types during differentiation, and a third deals with the evaluation of hypothetical GRNs that allow the differentiation of specific cell types. All these projects view cell types as high-dimensional attractors in the GRNs and use random Boolean networks as the modeling framework for studying network dynamics.
Morphogenesis was studied using the emergence of three-dimensional structures in biofilms as a relatively simple model. Many strains of bacteria form complex structures during growth as colonies on a solid medium. The morphogenesis of these structures was modeled using an agent-based framework and the outcomes were validated using structures of biofilm colonies reported in the literature.
title: Child Care and Parental Beliefs in Korean-American Families
Creators: name: Lee, Wanjeong
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1995

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate Korean-American families' beliefs about child development and their child-care practices. Questionnaires were distributed and mailed to wives of Korean-American dual-earner families residing in Utah with young children. Incorporated measures were the Suinn-Lew Asian Self-Identity Acculturation Scale (SL-ASIA), Maternal Expectations of Child Development, questions on the type of child care and its quality, and the Child Care Satisfaction Scale (CCSS). Seventy-three mothers filled out the questionnaire for 104 children's child-care situations.
Results showed that Korean-American mothers were moderately acculturated and held both American and Korean values concerning the growth and development of children. There were consistent relationships among the type of child care, mothers' quality rating, and maternal satisfaction, as they relate to family characteristics. That is, the child's age, family income, and the availability of relatives were factors related to the type of child care. Korean-American mothers considered educational activities or learning opportunities as important factors in child care and gave higher ratings to center care than they gave to relative or neighbor care. Also, maternal satisfaction with the care arrangements was positively related to their ratings of quality.
Oscillatory crossover from two dimensional to three dimensional topological insulators
Creators: name: Liu, Chao-Xing
name: Zhang, HaiJun
name: Yan, Binghai
name: Qi, Xiao-Liang
name: Frauenheim, Thomas
name: Dai, Xi
name: Fang, Zhong
name: Zhang, Shou-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the crossover regime from three dimensional topological insulators $Bi_2Te_3$ and $Bi_2Se_3$ to two dimensional topological insulators with quantum spin Hall effect when the layer thickness is reduced. Using both analytical models and first-principles calculations, we find that the crossover occurs in an oscillatory fashion as a function of the layer thickness, alternating between topologically trivial and non-trivial two dimensional behavior.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; 3 added references, an added note
Tri-bi-maximal mixing in viable family symmetry unified model with extended seesaw
Creators: name: Bazzocchi, Federica
name: Varzielas, Ivo de Medeiros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Grand Unified model based on SO(10) with a Delta(27) family symmetry. Fermion masses and mixings are fitted and agree well with experimental values. An extended seesaw mechanism plays a key role in the generation of the leptonic mixing, which is approximately tri-bi-maximal.
description: 12 pages
Obstructions to Compositionality
Creators: name: Puca, Caterina
name: Hadzihasanovic, Amar
name: Genovese, Fabrizio
name: Coecke, Bob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Compositionality is at the heart of computer science and several other areas of applied category theory such as computational linguistics, categorical quantum mechanics, interpretable AI, dynamical systems, compositional game theory, and Petri nets. However, the meaning of the term seems to vary across the many different applications. This work contributes to understanding, and in particular qualifying, different kinds of compositionality. Formally, we introduce invariants of categories that we call zeroth and first homotopy posets, generalising in a precise sense the pi0 and pi1 of a groupoid. These posets can be used to obtain a qualitative description of how far an object is from being terminal and a morphism is from being iso. In the context of applied category theory, this formal machinery gives us a way to qualitatively describe the "failures of compositionality", seen as failures of certain (op)lax functors to be strong, by classifying obstructions to the (op)laxators being isomorphisms. Failure of compositionality, for example for the interpretation of a categorical syntax in a semantic universe, can both be a bad thing and a good thing, which we illustrate by respective examples in graph theory and quantum theory.
description: In Proceedings ACT 2023, arXiv:2312.08138
BSM patterns in scalar-sector coupling modifiers
Creators: name: Englert, Christoph
name: Naskar, Wrishik
name: Sutherland, Dave
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider what multiple Higgs interactions may yet reveal about the scalar sector. We estimate the sensitivity of a Feynman topology-templated analysis of weak boson Higgs pair production at present and future colliders - where the signal is a function of the Higgs coupling modifiers $κ_V$, $κ_{2V}$, and $κ_λ$. While measurements are statistically limited at the LHC, they are under general perturbative control at present and future colliders, departures from the SM expectation give rise to a significant future potential for BSM discrimination in $κ_{2V}$. We explore the landscape of BSM models in the space of deviations in $κ_V$, $κ_{2V}$, and $κ_λ$, highlighting models that have measurable order-of-magnitude enhancements in either $κ_{2V}$ or $κ_λ$, relative to their deviation in the single Higgs coupling $κ_V$.
description: 32 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Exact Relativistic Ideal Hydrodynamical Solutions in (1+3)D with Longitudinal and Transverse Flows
Creators: name: Liao, Jinfeng
name: Koch, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method for solving relativistic ideal hydrodynamics in (1+3)D is developed. Longitudinal and transverse radial flows are explicitly embedded and the hydrodynamic equations are reduced to a single equation for the transverse velocity field only, which is much more tractable. As an application we use the method to find analytically all possible solutions with power dependence on proper time and transverse radius. Possible application to the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions and possible generalizations of the method are discussed.
description: 9 pages
Rinnavähi vältimise ja ravitulemuste parandamise võimalustest
Creators: name: Padrik, Peeter
name: Ulp, Sulev
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2004
Subjects: rinnavähk, riskitegurid, diagnostika, sõeluuring

description: Rahvusvaheliste võrdlusuuringute põhjal jääb rinnavähiga patsientide elulemus Eestis oluliselt alla arenenud Euroopa riikide omale. Selle peamisi põhjusi on haiguse diagnoosimine hilisemas staadiumis. Käesolev artikkel kajastab  informatsiooni  rinnavähi  riskiteguritest, esmasest kliinilisest  sümptomatoloogiast  ja varase avastamise võimalustest ning selle eesmärgiks on aidata parandada rinnavähiavastamist varajasemates staadiumites. Peamisteks meetoditeks rinnavähi avastamiseks on naiste eneste rinnauuring, arstlik kliiniline rinnauuring ja mammograafiline sõeluuring.

Eesti Arst 2004; 83 (6): 379–383
description: Eesti Arst, Juuni 2004
Practical Testing of a C99 Compiler Using Output Comparison
Creators: name: Sheridan, Flash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.m
subject: 68M15

description: A simple technique is presented for testing a C99 compiler, by comparison of its output with output from preexisting tools. The advantage to this approach is that new test cases can be added in bulk from existing sources, reducing the need for in-depth investigation of correctness issues, and for creating new test code by hand. This technique was used in testing the PalmSource Palm OS Cobalt ARM C/C++ cross-compiler for Palm-Powered personal digital assistants, primarily for standards-compliance and correct execution of generated code. The technique described here found several hundred bugs, mostly in our in-house code, but also in longstanding high-quality front- and back-end code from Edison Design Group and Apogee Software. It also found eighteen bugs in the GNU C compiler, as well as a bug specific to the Apple version of GCC, a bug specific to the Suse version of GCC, and a dozen bugs in versions of GCC for the ARM processor, several of them critical.
description: Preprint with bibliography in alphabetical order
title: Parent-Child Affinity as Perceived by Basque Adolescence
Creators: name: Coombs-Johnson, Catherine K.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1979

description: The purpose of this study was to assess parental preference as perceived by Basque adolescents. A questionnaire was administered to adolescents during the summer months of 1977 in Boise, Idaho and Salt Lake City, Utah. The questionnaire included the Parent- Affinity Perception Scale (Miller, 1972) with a Likert-type scale showing how much the adolescent preferred mother or father and a cover sheet to determine the degree of "Basqueness" of the subjects. The sample included 27 males and 37 females.
The findings indicate a strong preference for "mother" over "father" by both males and females at all ages. Basque adolescent males". preference for father did increase with age where the females did not show an increased preference for father with the advancement of age.
Results from the profile indicate Basque adolescents think of themselves as "Basques" with major identifying characteristics of the Basque people being customs, having fun, being proud, and identification with the family. A large majority of the subjects go to Basque centers and are active in religious programs. Unlike the traditional Basque family, disciplining in this sample population seems to be shared by both parents.
The Likert-type scale indicating degree of affinity showed more adolescents definitely chose mother as the preferred parent than did adolescents definitely preferring father. Chi-square tests for males indicated no relation existed between parental preference and the degree of affinity for the chosen parent but for females a strong positive maternal relationship exists.
Eesti Euroopa Liidus. Missugused oleme võrreldes
Creators: name: Mand, Külvar
name: Sinisalu, Väino
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2004

description: 1. mail 2004 liitus senise Euroopa Liidu 15 liikmesriigiga (edaspidi EL 15) 10 uut liikmesmaad: Eesti, Küpros, Leedu, Läti, Malta, Poola, Slovakkia, Sloveenia, Tšehhi ja Ungari. Laienenud Euroopa liidus elab 425 miljonit inimest ja selle pindala on 3,9 mln km2.


Eesti Arst 2004; 83 (6): 393–398
description: Eesti Arst, Juuni 2004
PHENIX plans for RHIC low energy run
Creators: name: Sakaguchi, Takao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PHENIX plans for low energy running are presented. Current detector setting makes it possible to measure dielectron spectra down to sqrt(s_NN)=39GeV, and photon/high pT hadron spectra down to below sub-injection energy (sqrt(s_NN)=5-10GeV). The upgrade of the trigger scheme after the installation of VTX detector will enable PHENIX to fully explore the sub-injection energy regime, starting 2011.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures. Invited talk at 5th International Workshop on Critical Point and Onset of Deconfinement - June 08 - 12 2009 Brookhaven National Laboratory, Long Island, New York, USA