cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spatial Pyramid Pooling in Deep Convolutional Networks for Visual Recognition
Creators: name: He, Kaiming
name: Zhang, Xiangyu
name: Ren, Shaoqing
name: Sun, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) require a fixed-size (e.g., 224x224) input image. This requirement is "artificial" and may reduce the recognition accuracy for the images or sub-images of an arbitrary size/scale. In this work, we equip the networks with another pooling strategy, "spatial pyramid pooling", to eliminate the above requirement. The new network structure, called SPP-net, can generate a fixed-length representation regardless of image size/scale. Pyramid pooling is also robust to object deformations. With these advantages, SPP-net should in general improve all CNN-based image classification methods. On the ImageNet 2012 dataset, we demonstrate that SPP-net boosts the accuracy of a variety of CNN architectures despite their different designs. On the Pascal VOC 2007 and Caltech101 datasets, SPP-net achieves state-of-the-art classification results using a single full-image representation and no fine-tuning. The power of SPP-net is also significant in object detection. Using SPP-net, we compute the feature maps from the entire image only once, and then pool features in arbitrary regions (sub-images) to generate fixed-length representations for training the detectors. This method avoids repeatedly computing the convolutional features. In processing test images, our method is 24-102x faster than the R-CNN method, while achieving better or comparable accuracy on Pascal VOC 2007. In ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC) 2014, our methods rank #2 in object detection and #3 in image classification among all 38 teams. This manuscript also introduces the improvement made for this competition.
description: This manuscript is the accepted version for IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (TPAMI) 2015. See Changelog
Capacitance and charge relaxation resistance of chaotic cavities - Joint distribution of two linear statistics in the Laguerre ensemble of random matrices
Creators: name: Grabsch, Aurélien
name: Texier, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the AC transport in a quantum RC circuit made of a coherent chaotic cavity with a top gate. Within a random matrix approach, we study the joint distribution for the mesoscopic capacitance $C_μ=(1/C+1/C_q)^{-1}$ and the charge relaxation resistance $R_q$, where $C$ is the geometric capacitance and $C_q$ the quantum capacitance. We study the limit of a large number of conducting channels $N$ with a Coulomb gas method. We obtain $\langle R_q\rangle\simeq h/(Ne^2)=R_\mathrm{dc}$ and show that the relative fluctuations are of order $1/N$ both for $C_q$ and $R_q$, with strong correlations $\langle δC_qδR_q\rangle/\sqrt{\langle δC_q^2\rangle\,\langle δR_q^2\rangle}\simeq+0.707$. The detailed analysis of large deviations involves a second order phase transition in the Coulomb gas. The two dimensional phase diagram is obtained.
description: LaTex, 6 pages, 3 pdf figures ; v2 : minor corrections & Refs. added
Identifying the possible ex-situ origin of the globular clusters of the Milky Way: A kinematic study
Creators: name: Shirazi, Ali Rostami
name: Khalaj, Pouria
name: Haghi, Hosein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the second paper in a series, which studies the likelihood that some globular clusters (GCs) of the Milky Way (MW) could have originated from a dwarf satellite galaxy (DSG). Using a large suite of three-body simulations we determine the present-day orbital properties of 154 GCs that could have escaped from 41 MW DSGs over the past $8\,\mathrm{Gyrs}$. For the MW we considered two sets of static and dynamic models which account for the sustained growth of the MW since its birth. We focus on the Magellanic Clouds and Sagittarius. We compare the apogalactic distance, eccentricity, and orbital inclination of the MW GCs with those of runaway GCs from DSGs, to constrain their possible ex-situ origin. We observe a positive correlation between a DSG mass and the dispersion of its runaway GCs in the orbital parameter space of ($R_\mathrm{ap}$, $e$). We provide tables of the identified MW GCs and their likely associated progenitors. In total, we find 29 (19%) MW GCs which could be kinematically associated with MW DSGs. We report, for the first time, 6 and 10 new associations with the Large Magellanic Cloud and the Sagittarius, respectively. For the Sagittarius we predict a concentration of runaway GCs at large apogalactic distances of $R_\mathrm{ap}\approx275-375\,\mathrm{kpc}$, $e\approx0.8$, and a relative inclination of $Δθ\approx20^{\circ}$. So far, there has not been any observed GCs with such orbital elements. Complemented with photometric and spectroscopic observations, and cosmological simulations, the findings from the present study could conclusively settle the debate over the in-situ vs. ex-situ origin of the MW GCs.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures, 5 tables, references amended. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Decolonizing mobility in the postwar Transpacific
Creators: name: We, Jeong Eun
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: This dissertation investigates the cultural history of mobility as portrayed in post-World War II literature and philosophy across the Pacific, with a focus on modern Korea. Shaped by and servicing militarization and economic dispossession in the Pacific, mobility categorizes people according to their abilities into distant populations for use and disuse. This dissertation argues that the deployment of a speculative genre of writing in the Pacific offers a tool for understanding mobility’s effects and possibilities. A more collective understanding of mobility, one less centered on individual abilities, emerges from such a focus, to propose decolonial futures against militarization’s rigid categorizations of social life and ability in the Pacific.The main contribution of this dissertation is decolonial understandings of mobility to the fields of Korean studies, disability studies, and decolonial thought. While mobility has often been understood in the vein of migration and globalization, such an approach tends to naturalize mobility and immobility resulting from the political and material processes of militarization and settler colonialism. This dissertation attends to the understandings of mobility as espoused in conditions of immobilization, which reveals how visions of decolonization intersect from sites across the Pacific for both migrant and native populations to overcome the legacies of militarization and settler colonialism without reproducing the stigma of immobility.Chapter One lays the foundations for a decolonial theory of mobility and offers a theoretical engagement with the critiques of fascism and the philosophy of movement offered by the thinker Takeuchi Yoshimi, in conversation with the works of Frantz Fanon, Ernst Bloch, and Aimé Césaire. Chapter Two examines the archipelagic alliance against colonial fascism in the Pacific in the South Korean author Ch’oe In-Hun’s novel The Typhoon (T’aep’ung, 1973) which tells a speculative history of the Afro-Asian Conference in Bandung and Korea’s reunification. Chapter Three probes the political alliance across (dis)ability, race, and nationality in Anishinaabe thinker Gerald Vizenor’s Hiroshima Bugi: Atomu 57 (2003) and Korean American poet Cathy Park Hong’s Dance Revolution: A Poem (2007). Chapter Four analyzes physical immobility and the absence of affect associated with migrant and indigenous laboring bodies in polluted environments in the South Korean fictions: Kang Yŏngsuk’s Rina (Lina 2011), Kim Sagwa’s City of Terror (T'erŏŭisi 2012), and Yun Goŭn’s Night Travelers (Pamŭiyŏhaengjadŭl 2013).
title: Sustainable urban mobility plans: Booster für nachhaltige Mobilität in Städten?
Creators: name: Hintermaier, Johannes
Year: 2022

description: Städte sehen sich seit langem mit zunehmendem Verkehr und seinen negativen Folgen konfrontiert. Um Städte in Europa bei ihren Maßnahmen zur Bewältigung dieser Probleme zu unterstützen und ein koordiniertes Vorgehen zu ermöglichen, fördert die Europäische Kommission Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMP) und will ihre Erstellung verpflichtend machen. In dieser Arbeit wird die Frage untersucht, welches Konzept nachhaltiger urbaner Mobilität die Kommission dabei zu Grunde legt und wie es sich seit 2006 entwickelt hat. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit wird die Verbindung zwischen Nachhaltigkeit, Nachhaltiger Stadt und nachhaltiger Mobilität untersucht und mittels Literaturarbeit eine Arbeitsdefinition des Konzepts nachhaltiger Mobilität herausgearbeitet. Mit einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse wird aus Mitteilungen, Grün- und Weißbüchern der Europäischen Kommission zur nachhaltigen urbanen Mobilität das ihnen zu Grunde liegende Konzept analysiert. Die Ergebnisse der Arbeit deuten auf eine starke Übereinstimmung des Konzepts nachhaltiger urbaner Mobilität der Europäischen Kommission mit dem in der Literaturarbeit identifizierten Konzept hin, wobei sich Unterschiede bei der Bedeutung von Komodalität, motorisiertem Individualverkehr und Effizienzsteigerungen im Verkehrssystem zeigen. Capacity Building als Schwerpunkt der Kommission für die Umsetzung von SUMP könnte das bisherige Verständnis der institutionell-partizipativen Dimension der Nachhaltigkeit ergänzen.
description: Cities are dealing with increasing traffic and its negative consequences. In order to support European cities in their effort to tackle these problems and to ensure a coordinated approach, the European Commission promotes Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans (SUMP). The Commission aims to make them mandatory for urban nodes. This paper examines the Commission's concept of sustainable urban mobility and its evolution since 2006. The first part of the paper examines the link between sustainability, sustainable city and sustainable mobility and presents a working definition of the concept of sustainable mobility following a literature review. In a qualitative content analysis, we extract the underlying concept of sustainable urban mobility from communications, green and white papers of the European Commission. The results indicate a broad overlap of the European Commission's concept of sustainable urban mobility and the concept identified in the literature review. The main differences are observed in the emphasis of co-modality, motorised individual transport and efficiency improvements in the transport system. Capacity building as a priority measure of the Commission for the implementation of SUMP could complement the institutional-participative dimension of sustainability.
Ontology_based_IDS.pdf
Creators: name: MOHAMMAD YAHYA
name: Xu, Kai X Kai
name: Liu, Bing
name: Tay, Ho Ming
name: Rrushi, Julian
name: Sharaf, Nasir
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 120402 Engineering Design Knowledge
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 160206 Private Policing and Security Services
subject: FOS: Law

description: Industrial control systems (ICS) exchange net-work traffic carrying payloads that are closely relatedto the physics of industrial equipment and processes.We leverage this factor to develop a machine reasoningapproach that inspects network packet payloads in termsof their relationship to physics. We found that exploitsand malware are unambiguously detected, since they injectmachine instructions, addresses, and other data that clearlydepart from physics. We developed an ontology integratedwith the knowledge of physics, which we tested againstexploits of a large number of public vulnerabilities thataffect industrial control systems. We also ran our approachin several case studies that involved ICS control of anelectrical motor, which we describe in the paper.
Absence of topological Hall effect in Fe$_x$Rh$_{100-x}$ epitaxial films: revisiting their phase diagram
Creators: name: Zhu, Xiaoyan
name: Li, Hui
name: Meng, Jing
name: Feng, Xinwei
name: Zhen, Zhixuan
name: Lin, Haoyu
name: Yu, Bocheng
name: Cheng, Wenjuan
name: Jiang, Dongmei
name: Xu, Yang
name: Shang, Tian
name: Zhan, Qingfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A series of Fe$_x$Rh$_{100-x}$ ($30 \leq x \leq 57$) films were epitaxially grown using magnetron sputtering, and were systematically studied by magnetization-, electrical resistivity-, and Hall resistivity measurements. After optimizing the growth conditions, phase-pure Fe$_{x}$Rh$_{100-x}$ films were obtained, and their magnetic phase diagram was revisited. The ferromagnetic (FM) to antiferromagnetic (AFM) transition is limited at narrow Fe-contents with $48 \leq x \leq 54$ in the bulk Fe$_x$Rh$_{100-x}$ alloys. By contrast, the FM-AFM transition in the Fe$_x$Rh$_{100-x}$ films is extended to cover a much wider $x$ range between 33 % and 53 %, whose critical temperature slightly decreases as increasing the Fe-content. The resistivity jump and magnetization drop at the FM-AFM transition are much more significant in the Fe$_x$Rh$_{100-x}$ films with $\sim$50 % Fe-content than in the Fe-deficient films, the latter have a large amount of paramagnetic phase. The magnetoresistivity (MR) is rather weak and positive in the AFM state, while it becomes negative when the FM phase shows up, and a giant MR appears in the mixed FM- and AFM states. The Hall resistivity is dominated by the ordinary Hall effect in the AFM state, while in the mixed state or high-temperature FM state, the anomalous Hall effect takes over. The absence of topological Hall resistivity in Fe$_{x}$Rh$_{100-x}$ films with various Fe-contents implies that the previously observed topological Hall effect is most likely extrinsic. We propose that the anomalous Hall effect caused by the FM iron moments at the interfaces nicely explains the hump-like anomaly in the Hall resistivity. Our systematic investigations may offer valuable insights into the spintronics based on iron-rhodium alloys.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures; accepted by Phys. Rev. B
Symmetric low-rank representation for subspace clustering
Creators: name: Chen, Jie
name: Zhang, Haixian
name: Mao, Hua
name: Sang, Yongsheng
name: Yi, Zhang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a symmetric low-rank representation (SLRR) method for subspace clustering, which assumes that a data set is approximately drawn from the union of multiple subspaces. The proposed technique can reveal the membership of multiple subspaces through the self-expressiveness property of the data. In particular, the SLRR method considers a collaborative representation combined with low-rank matrix recovery techniques as a low-rank representation to learn a symmetric low-rank representation, which preserves the subspace structures of high-dimensional data. In contrast to performing iterative singular value decomposition in some existing low-rank representation based algorithms, the symmetric low-rank representation in the SLRR method can be calculated as a closed form solution by solving the symmetric low-rank optimization problem. By making use of the angular information of the principal directions of the symmetric low-rank representation, an affinity graph matrix is constructed for spectral clustering. Extensive experimental results show that it outperforms state-of-the-art subspace clustering algorithms.
description: 13 pages
SOCIAL INTELLIGENCE AS A FACTOR IN ENSURING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRAINING
Creators: name: Egamova, Shukriya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article carried out an experimental study of the theoretical definition and justification of the conditions for the formation of social intelligence as a factor of self-awareness of the teacher and their effectiveness. It also talks about the psychological and pedagogical conditions for the formation of social intelligence as a factor of self-awareness of teachers.
Cosmological tests of modified gravity: constraints on $F(R)$ theories from the galaxy clustering ratio
Creators: name: Bel, Julien
name: Brax, Philippe
name: Marinoni, Christian
name: Valageas, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The clustering ratio $η$, a large-scale structure observable originally designed to constrain the shape of the power spectrum of matter density fluctuations, is shown to provide a sensitive probe of the nature of gravity in the cosmological regime. We apply this analysis to $F(R)$ theories of gravity using the luminous red galaxy (LRG) sample extracted from the spectroscopic Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data release 7 and 10 catalogues. We find that General Relativity (GR), complemented with a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) cosmological model with parameters fixed by the Planck satellite, describes extremely well the clustering of galaxies up to $z\sim 0.6$. On large cosmic scales, the absolute amplitude of deviations from GR, $|f_{R_0 }|$, is constrained to be smaller than $4.6 \times 10^{-5}$ at the $95\%$ confidence level. This bound makes cosmological probes of gravity almost competitive with the sensitivity of Solar System tests, although still one order of magnitude less effective than astrophysical tests. We also extrapolate our results to future large surveys like Euclid and show that the astrophysical bound will certainly remain out of reach for such a class of modified-gravity models that only differ from $Λ$CDM at low redshifts.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, accepted by PRD
Absence of diffusion in an interacting system of spinless fermions on a one-dimensional disordered lattice
Creators: name: Lev, Yevgeny Bar
name: Cohen, Guy
name: Reichman, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the infinite temperature dynamics of a prototypical one-dimensional system expected to exhibit many-body localization. Using numerically exact methods, we establish the dynamical phase diagram of this system based on the statistics of its eigenvalues and its dynamical behavior. We show that the nonergodic phase is reentrant as a function of the interaction strength, illustrating that localization can be reinforced by sufficiently strong interactions even at infinite temperature. Surprisingly, within the accessible time range, the ergodic phase shows subdiffusive behavior, suggesting that the diffusion coefficient vanishes throughout much of the phase diagram in the thermodynamic limit. Our findings strongly suggest that Wigner-Dyson statistics of eigenvalue spacings may appear in a class of ergodic but subdiffusive systems.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. (updated references and journal reference)
The Hidden Flat Like Universe: Starobinsky-like inflation induced by f(T) gravity
Creators: name: Hanafy, W. El
name: Nashed, G. G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a single fluid component in a flat like universe (FLU) governed by $f(T)$ gravity theories, where $T$ is the teleparallel torsion scalar. The FLU model, regardless the value of the spatial curvature $k$, identifies a special class of $f(T)$ gravity theories. Remarkably, the FLU $f(T)$ gravity does not reduce to teleparallel gravity theory. In large Hubble spacetime the theory is consistent with the inflationary universe scenario and respects the conservation principle. The equation of state (EoS) evolves similarly in all models $k=0, \pm 1$. We study the case when the torsion tensor is made of a scalar field, which enables to derive a quintessence potential from the obtained $f(T)$ gravity theory. The potential produces Starobinsky-like model naturally without using a conformal transformation, with higher orders continuously interpolate between Starobinsky and quadratic inflation models. The slow-roll analysis shows double solutions so that for a single value of the scalar tilt (spectral index) $n_{s}$ the theory can predict double tensor-to-scalar ratios $r$ of $E$-mode and $B$-mode polarizations.
description: LaTeX2e, 14 pages, 10 figures. Title modified, Major revision, References updated. To be appeared in EPJC
Quantum Field Theory of Fluids
Creators: name: Gripaios, Ben
name: Sutherland, Dave
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum theory of fields is largely based on studying perturbations around non-interacting, or free, field theories, which correspond to a collection of quantum-mechanical harmonic oscillators. The quantum theory of an ordinary fluid is `freer', in the sense that the non-interacting theory also contains an infinite collection of quantum-mechanical free particles, corresponding to vortex modes. By computing a variety of correlation functions at tree- and loop-level, we give evidence that a quantum perfect fluid can be consistently formulated as a low-energy, effective field theory. We speculate that the quantum behaviour is radically different to both classical fluids and quantum fields, with interesting physical consequences for fluids in the low temperature regime.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures and 1 table. v2: Added references. v3: Changed title to match published version
Wavelet-based image decomposition method for NuSTAR stray light background studies
Creators: name: Mukhin, Andrey
name: Krivonos, Roman
name: Vikhlinin, Alexey
name: Grefenstette, Brian
name: Madsen, Kristin
name: Wik, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large side aperture of the NuSTAR telescope for unfocused photons (so-called stray light) is a known source of rich astrophysical information. To support many studies based on the NuSTAR stray light data, we present a fully automatic method for determining detector area suitable for background analysis and free from any kind of focused X-ray flux. The method's main idea is `a trous' wavelet image decomposition, capable of detecting structures of any spatial scale and shape, which makes the method of general use. Applied to the NuSTAR data, the method provides a detector image region with the highest possible statistical quality, suitable for the NuSTAR stray light studies. We developed an open-source Python nuwavdet package, which implements the presented method. The package contains subroutines to generate detector image region for further stray light analysis and/or to produce a list of detector bad-flagged pixels for processing in the NuSTAR Data Analysis Software for conventional X-ray analysis.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures. Published in Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems (JATIS)
Efficient formulation of the periodic corrections in Brouwer's gravity solution
Creators: name: Lara, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The periodic terms of Brouwer's gravity solution are reconstructed in a nonsingular set of variables which are derived from the well-known polar-nodal variables. This change does not affect the essence of the solution, which still keeps all the benefits of the action-angle variables approach, and yields two major improvements. Namely, the periodic corrections of Brouwer's solution are now valid for any eccentricity below one and any inclination except the critical inclination, and, besides, are significantly simpler than the nonsingular corrections in Lydanne's reformulation of Brouwer's theory.
description: 19 pages
Dynamic Model of a Pumping Kite Power System
Creators: name: Fechner, Uwe
name: van der Vlugt, Rolf
name: Schreuder, Edwin
name: Schmehl, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Converting the traction power of kites into electricity can be a low cost solution for wind energy. Reliable control of both trajectory and tether reeling is crucial. The present study proposes a modelling framework describing the dynamic behaviour of the interconnected system components, suitable for design and optimization of the control systems. The wing, bridle, airborne control unit and tether are represented as a particle system using spring-damper elements to describe their mechanical properties. Two kite models are proposed: a point mass model and a four point model. Reeling of the tether is modelled by varying the lengths of constituent tether elements. Dynamic behaviour of the ground station is included. The framework is validated by combining it with the automatic control system used for the operation of a kite power system demonstrator. The simulation results show that the point mass model can be adjusted to match the measured behaviour during a pumping cycle. The four point model can better predict the influence of gravity and inertia on the steering response and remains stable also at low tether forces. Compared to simple one point models, the proposed framework is more accurate and robust while allowing real-time simulations of the complete system.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures. This revision was accepted by the journal "Renewable Energy" and takes the comments of the reviewers into account. The abstract and the conclusions state more carefully the advantages of the suggested models. In addition, the wording of the results section was improved. Finally, the changes from passive to active voice of the last revision were reverted
Nucleon self-energies for supernova equations of state
Creators: name: Hempel, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nucleon self-energies and interaction potentials in supernova (SN) matter, which are known to have an important effect on nucleosynthesis conditions in SN ejecta are investigated. Corresponding weak charged-current interaction rates with unbound nucleons that are consistent with existing SN equations of state (EOSs) are specified. The nucleon self-energies are made available online as electronic tables. The discussion is mostly restricted to relativistic mean-field models. In the first part of the article, the generic properties of this class of models at finite temperature and asymmetry are studied. It is found that the quadratic expansion of the EOS in terms of asymmetry works reasonably well at finite temperatures and deviations originate mostly from the kinetic part. The interaction part of the symmetry energy is found to be almost temperature independent. At low densities, the account of realistic nucleon masses requires the introduction of a linear term in the expansion. Finally, it is shown that the important neutron-to-proton potential difference is given approximately by the asymmetry of the system and the interaction part of the zero-temperature symmetry energy. The results of different interactions are then compared with constraints from nuclear experiments and thereby the possible range of the potential difference is limited. In the second part, for a certain class of SN EOS models, the formation of nuclei is considered. Only moderate modifications are found for the self-energies of unbound nucleons that enter the weak charged-current interaction rates. This is because in the present approach the binding energies of bound states do not contribute to the single-particle energies of unbound nucleons.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures, v3: editorial corrections, matches published version
Exploration of charmed pentaquarks
Creators: name: Gerasyuta, S. M.
name: Kochkin, V. I.
name: Liu, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we explore the charmed pentaquarks, where the relativistic five-quark equations are obtained by the dispersion relation technique. By solving these equations with the method based on the extraction of the leading singularities of the amplitudes, we predict the mass spectrum of charmed pentaquarks with $J^P=1/2^{\pm}$ and $3/2^{\pm}$, which is valuable to further experimental study of charmed pentaquark.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures and 4 tables. Accepted by PRD. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1009.3365
Ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, and the curious nematic phase of S=1 quantum spin systems
Creators: name: Ueltschi, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the phase diagram of S=1 quantum spin systems with SU(2)-invariant interactions, at low temperatures and in three spatial dimensions. Symmetry breaking and the nature of pure states can be studied using random loop representations. The latter confirm the occurrence of ferro- and antiferromagnetic transitions and the breaking of SU(3) invariance. And they reveal the peculiar nature of the nematic pure states which MINIMIZE \sum_x (S_x^i)^2.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Einstellungen zur Kinderernährung im ersten Lebensjahr. Eine qualitative Studie zu Ernährungsvorstellungen und -praktiken von Müttern mit und ohne türkischem Migrationshintergrund
Creators: name: Stahl, Lisa
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Aus gesundheitswissenschaftlicher Sicht ist das erste Lebensjahr von besonderer Bedeutung. Dieser Lebensabschnitt hat maßgeblichen Einfluss auf die spätere gesundheitliche Entwicklung und die Ernährungsgewohnheiten. Vor allem gilt dieser Zeitraum als eine kritische Phase in der Übergewichtsentstehung. Die aktuelle Datenlage weist darauf hin, dass Kinder aus sozial schlechter gestellten Familien und Kinder mit türkischem Migrationshintergrund (MH) ein ungünstigeres Ernährungsverhalten (mengenmäßig großer Verzehr von zuckerhaltigen Erfrischungsgetränken, Weißbrot, frittierten Kartoffeln, Schokolade und Knabberartikeln) zeigen als Kinder aus besser gestellten Familien und Kinder ohne MH und damit unter anderem einem höheren Risiko für Übergewicht, Erkrankungen des Herz-Kreislaufsystems und des Insulinstoffwechsels ausgesetzt sind. Die Ernährungseinstellungen der Eltern, und hier (immer noch) in erster Linie der Mütter haben einen Einfluss auf das kindliche Ernährungsverhalten. Jedoch ist über Einstellungen von Müttern mit und ohne türkischem MH zur Kinderernährung im ersten Lebensjahr noch wenig bekannt. Daraus ergibt sich die Frage, welche Einstellungen zur Kinderernährung im ersten Lebensjahr sich bei Müttern verschiedener sozialer Schichten mit und ohne türkischem MH in Deutschland identifizieren lassen.
 Es wurden 23 leitfadengestützte Interviews mit zehn Müttern ohne MH und 13 Interviews mit Müttern mit türkischem MH geführt, transkribiert und mit Hilfe des thematischen Kodierens ausgewertet. Dabei konnten drei Typen von Einstellungen herausgearbeitet werden. Unter-schiede in den Typen zeigen sich im Erleben und der Gestaltung des Ernährungsprozesses, den Strategien, dem Umgang mit dem Kind, den Vorstellungen zur subjektiv wahrgenommenen Norm und den subjektiven Annahmen im Informationsgeschehen. Jedoch zeigte sich kein Unterschied zwischen den Typen hinsichtlich des Migrationshintergrundes und des Sozialstatus. Es wird angenommen, dass im Zusammenhang mit den Einstellungen zur Kinderernährung eher persönliche Veranlagung und Ressourcen zum Tragen kommen.
 Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit konnten zur Weiterentwicklung des sozial-kognitiven Prozessmodells gesundheitlichen Handelns genutzt werden, wobei Vorstellungen zur subjektiv wahrgenommenen Norm, Strategien ebenso wie Kompetenzen des Food Literacy-Konzepts integiert wurden. Darüber hinaus konnten anhand der vorliegenden Ergebnisse Hinweise zur Optimierung ernährungsbezogener Präventionsmaßnahmen ausgesprochen werden. Es besteht Forschungsbedarf, um weitere unbekannte Einflussfaktoren auf Einstellungen von Müttern zur Kinderernährung zu identifizieren und Präventionsmaßnahmen weiterzuentwickeln, anzuwenden und zu evaluieren.
Isospin-dependence of the charge-changing cross-section shaped by the charged-particle evaporation process
Creators: name: Zhao, J. W.
name: Sun, B. -H.
name: Tanihata, I.
name: Terashima, S.
name: Prochazka, A.
name: Xu, J. Y.
name: Zhu, L. H.
name: Meng, J.
name: Su, J.
name: Zhang, K. Y.
name: Geng, L. S.
name: He, L. C.
name: Liu, C. Y.
name: Li, G. S.
name: Lu, C. G.
name: Lin, W. J.
name: Lin, W. P.
name: Liu, Z.
name: Ren, P. P
name: Sun, Z. Y.
name: Wang, F.
name: Wang, J.
name: Wang, M.
name: Wang, S. T.
name: Wei, X. L.
name: Xu, X. D.
name: Zhang, J. C.
name: Zhang, M. X
name: Zhang, X. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the charge-changing cross sections (CCCS) of $^{11-15}$C, $^{13-17}$N, and $^{15,17-18}$O at around 300 MeV/nucleon on a carbon target, which extends to $p$-shell isotopes with $N < Z$ for the first time. The Glauber model, which considers only the proton distribution of projectile nuclei, underestimates the cross sections by more than 10\%. We show that this discrepancy can be resolved by considering the contribution from the charged-particle evaporation process (CPEP) following projectile neutron removal. Using nucleon densities from the deformed relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov theory in continuum, we investigate the isospin-dependent CPEP contribution to the CCCS for a wide range of neutron-to-proton separation energy asymmetry. Our calculations, which include the CPEP contribution, agree well with existing systematic data and reveal an ``evaporation peak" at the isospin symmetric region where the neutron-to-proton separation energy is close to zero. These results suggest that analysis beyond the Glauber model is crucial for accurately determining nuclear charge radii from CCCSs.
description: 5 figures
Self-management of diabetes in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review
Creators: name: Stephani, Victor
name: Opoku, Daniel
name: Beran, David
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: diabetes
subject: self-management
subject: type 2 diabetes

description: Background The prevalence of diabetes in sub-Saharan Africa has increased rapidly over the last years. Self-management is a key element for the proper management, but strategies are currently lacking in this context. This systematic review aims to describe the level of self-management among persons living with type 2 diabetes mellitus in sub-Saharan Africa. Method Relevant databases including PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar were searched up to September 2016. Studies reporting self-management behavior of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and living in sub-Saharan Africa were included. Results A total of 550 abstracts and 109 full-text articles were assessed. Forty-three studies, mainly observational, met the inclusion criteria. The studies showed that patients rarely self-monitored their glucose levels, had low frequency/duration of physical activity, moderately adhered to recommended dietary and medication behavior, had poor level of knowledge regarding diabetes related complications and sought traditional or herbal medicines beside of their biomedical treatment. The analysis also revealed a lack of studies on psychosocial aspects. Conclusion Except for the psychosocial area, there is a good amount of recent studies on self-management behavior of type 2 diabetes mellitus sub-Saharan Africa. These studies indicate that self-management in sub-Saharan Africa is poor and therefore a serious threat to the health of individuals and the health systems capacity.
Personality and Meat Consumption Among Romantic Partners in Daily Life
Creators: name: Hopwood, Chris
name: Tan, Nicholas Poh-Jie
name: Freund, Alexandra M.
name: Trenkenschuh, Maxim
name: Bleidorn, Wiebke
name: Thielmann, Isabel
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: School Psychology
subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: In this study, we examined the personality predictors of meat consumption among romantic partners who consumed differing amounts of meat. This study is part of a larger project examining romantic relationships, individual differences, and meat consumption (https://osf.io/wmk8q/).
Broadband Linear-Dichroic Photodetector in a Black Phosphorus Vertical p-n Junction
Creators: name: Yuan, Hongtao
name: Liu, Xiaoge
name: Afshinmanesh, Farzaneh
name: Li, Wei
name: Xu, Gang
name: Sun, Jie
name: Lian, Biao
name: Ye, Guojun
name: Hikita, Yasuyuki
name: Shen, Zhixun
name: Zhang, Shou-Cheng
name: Chen, Xianhui
name: Brongersma, Mark
name: Hwang, Harold Y.
name: Cui, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to detect light over a broad spectral range is central for practical optoelectronic applications, and has been successfully demonstrated with photodetectors of two-dimensional layered crystals such as graphene and MoS2. However, polarization sensitivity within such a photodetector remains elusive. Here we demonstrate a linear-dichroic broadband photodetector with layered black phosphorus transistors, using the strong intrinsic linear dichroism arising from the in-plane optical anisotropy with respect to the atom-buckled direction, which is polarization sensitive over a broad bandwidth from 400 nm to 3750 nm. Especially, a perpendicular build-in electric field induced by gating in black phosphorus transistors can spatially separate the photo-generated electrons and holes in the channel, effectively reducing their recombination rate, and thus enhancing the efficiency and performance for linear dichroism photodetection. This provides new functionality using anisotropic layered black phosphorus, thereby enabling novel optical and optoelectronic device applications.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures in Nature Nanotechnology 2015
Gaia Astrometry and MIKE+PFS Doppler Data Joint Analysis Reveals that HD 175167b is a Massive Cold Jupiter
Creators: name: Gan, Tianjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HD 175167b is a cold ($P_{b}\sim 1200$ days) Jupiter with a minimum mass of $M_{p}\sin i=7.8\pm3.5\ M_J$ orbiting a Sun-like star, first discovered by the Magellan Planet Search Program based on MIKE observations. Through a joint analysis of the MIKE data and the Gaia two-body orbital solution, Winn (2022) found a companion mass of $M_{p}=14.8\pm1.8\ M_J$ and suggested that it might be better designated as a brown dwarf. Additional publicly available radial velocity data from Magellan/PFS better constrains the model, and reveals that the companion is a massive cold Jupiter with a mass of $M_p=10.2\pm0.4\ M_{J}$ and a period of $P_b=1275.8\pm0.4$ days. The planet orbit is inclined by $i=38.6\pm1.7^{\circ}$ with an eccentricity of $0.529\pm0.002$.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, submitted to RNAAS
QIMR_Berghofer_data_access_agreement_for_Study_EGAS00001004455_DAC_EGAC00001001798
Creators: name: Lambros Koufariotis
name: You, Hong
name: McManus, Donald
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Parasitology

description: Data Access Policy for EGA Study EGAS00001004455 with Data Access Committee EGAC00001001798
Beyond VaR and CVaR: Topological Risk Measures in Financial Markets
Creators: name: Jha, Amit Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 55N99

description: This paper introduces a novel approach to financial risk assessment by incorporating topological data analysis (TDA), specifically cohomology groups, into the evaluation of equities portfolios. The study aims to go beyond traditional risk measures like Value at Risk (VaR) and Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR), offering a more nuanced understanding of market complexities. Using last one year daily real-world closing price return data for three equities Apple, Microsoft and Google , we developed a new topological riskmeasure, termed Topological VaR Distance (TVaRD). Preliminary results indicate a significant change in the density of the point cloud representing the financial time series during stress conditions, suggesting that TVaRD may offer additional insights into portfolio risk and has the potential to complement existing risk management tools.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables
A Comparative Study between Silicon Carbide and Silicon Nitride based Single Cell CMUT
Creators: name: Kanjilal, Rakesh
name: Maity, Reshmi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This research explores the design and conducts a comparative analysis of a noninsulated Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer (CMUT) featuring an innovative asymmetric electrode configuration to improve the performance of the device. Specifically, this configuration involves the utilization of a top electrode with a smaller radius in comparison to the bottom electrode. The study encompasses an investigation into the effects of varying biasing voltage within the range of 40 V to 100 V. The materials employed in this study are carefully selected to optimize the CMUT's performance. The substrate material is silicon, and the bottom and top electrodes are made from aluminium. Additionally, silicon dioxide is utilized as the foundation material within the device's structure.
description: copyright (2023) Inventive Research Organization. This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial International (CC BY-NC 4.0) License. This is a "Preprint" version of the main publication, published copy of the article can be accessed from the publisher's directory (DOI: 10.36548/jei.2023.3.006)
Moir{é} patterns as a probe of interplanar interactions: graphene on h-BN
Creators: name: van Wijk, M. M.
name: Schuring, A.
name: Katsnelson, M. I.
name: Fasolino, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By atomistic modeling of moir{é} patterns of graphene on a substrate with a small lattice mismatch, we find qualitatively different strain distributions for small and large misorientation angles, corresponding to the commensurate-incommensurate transition recently observed in graphene on hexagonal BN. We find that the ratio of C-N and C-B interactions is the main parameter determining the different bond lengths in the center and edges of the moir{é} pattern. Agreement with experimental data is obtained only by assuming that the C-B interactions are at least twice weaker than the C-N interactions. The correspondence between the strain distribution in the nanoscale moir{é} pattern and the potential energy surface at the atomic scale found in our calculations, makes the moir{é} pattern a tool to study details of dispersive forces in van der Waals heterostructures.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
title: Strategien zur Vermeidung beziehungsweise Verminderung von Fehlern und Fehlvorstellungen beim Satz von Pythagoras
Creators: name: Raimer, Marlene
Year: 2022

description: Basierend auf der nachstehenden Masterarbeit werden den Fragen, welche Fehlvorstellungen und Knackpunkte beim Lehrsatz von Pythagoras auftreten und welche Strategien zur Verminderung dieser angewendet werden können, nachgegangen. Mit Hilfe einer theoretischen Ausarbeitung werden allgemeine Faktoren wie der geschichtliche Hintergrund der Formel, der pythagoräische Lehrsatz in der Schule, die Grundvorstellungen zum Satz, die nötige Kompetenzen, Repräsentationsformen des Satzes, Knackpunkte und Fehlvorstellungen, die auftreten können, passende Beweise für die Schule sowie alltagsbezogene Aufgaben aufgelistet. Anhand einer qualitativen Untersuchung werden die subjektive Wahrnehmung und Erfahrungen von Lehrkräften zum Lehrsatz von Pythagoras erforscht. Dafür wird mit sechs Expertinnen und Experten ein Leitfadeninterview mit selbst entworfenen Fragen durchgeführt. Durch die anschließende Transkription inklusive Auswertung der Interviews wurde ersichtlich, dass es noch weitere häufige Fehler beziehungsweis Fehlvorstellungen seitens der Schülerinnen und Schüler gibt. Der häufigste Fehler ist dabei das Verwechseln der Hypotenuse mit einen der beiden Katheten. Durch geeignete Strategien kann diesen Problemen jedoch entgegengewirkt werden. Entscheidende Knackpunkte sind dabei das anschauliche Arbeiten in Form von Skizzen und ordentlichen Anschreiben der Formel sowie das richtige Beschriften beziehungsweise Wissen der Eigenschaften des rechtwinkligen Dreiecks. Nicht zu vernachlässigen ist darüber hinaus die Durchführung eines Beweises.
Thermalization kinetics of light: From laser dynamics to equilibrium condensation of photons
Creators: name: Schmitt, Julian
name: Damm, Tobias
name: Dung, David
name: Vewinger, Frank
name: Klaers, Jan
name: Weitz, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a time-resolved study of the thermalization dynamics and the lasing to photon Bose-Einstein condensation crossover by in-\textit{situ} monitoring the photon kinetics in a dye microcavity. When the equilibration of the light to the dye temperature by absorption and re-emission is faster than photon loss in the cavity, the optical spectrum becomes Bose-Einstein distributed and photons accumulate at low-energy states, forming a Bose-Einstein condensate. The thermalization of the photon gas and its evolution from nonequilibrium initial distributions to condensation is monitored in real-time. In contrast, if photons leave the cavity before they thermalize, the system operates as a laser.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures