cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Real-space Observation of Unidirectional Charge Density Wave and Complex Structural Modulation in the Pnictide Superconductor Ba$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$Ni$_2$As$_2$
Creators: name: Qin, Tian
name: Zhong, Ruixia
name: Cao, Weizheng
name: Shen, Shiwei
name: Wen, Chenhaoping
name: Qi, Yanpeng
name: Yan, Shichao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we use low-temperature and variable-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy to study the pnictide superconductor, Ba$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$Ni$_2$As$_2$. In the low-temperature phase (triclinic phase) of BaNi$_2$As$_2$, we observe the unidirectional charge density wave (CDW) with $Q$ = 1/3 on both the Ba and NiAs surfaces. On the NiAs surface of the triclinic BaNi$_2$As$_2$, there are structural-modulation-induced chain-like superstructures with distinct periodicities. In the high-temperature phase (tetragonal phase) of BaNi$_2$As$_2$, the NiAs surface appears as the periodic 1 by 2 superstructure. Interestingly, in the triclinic phase of Ba$_{0.5}$Sr$_{0.5}$Ni$_2$As$_2$, the unidirectional CDW is suppressed on both the Ba/Sr and NiAs surfaces, and the Sr substitution stabilizes the periodic 1 by 2 superstructure on the NiAs surface, which enhance the superconductivity in Ba$_{0.5}$Sr$_{0.5}$Ni$_2$As$_2$. Our results provide important microscopic insights for the interplay among the unidirectional CDW, structural modulation, and superconductivity in this class of pnictide superconductors.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Hydrogen bonded configurations in liquid water and their correlations with local tetrahedral structures
Creators: name: Muthachikavil, Aswin V.
name: Peng, Baoliang
name: Kontogeorgis, Georgios M.
name: Liang, Xiaodong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Hydrogen-bonded structures in liquid water lies at the root of its many anomalous properties. The ability of water to form hydrogen bonds is perceived to be the reason for the formation of locally favored tetrahedral structures (LFTS) in liquid water. These tetrahedral environments also lay the foundation for the two-state theories of water. In molecular dynamics simulations, hydrogen bonds are often assigned between molecules if they satisfy certain geometric or energetic criteria, or a combination of both. Potential of Mean Force landscapes may be used to identify the geometric criteria for identifying hydrogen bonds, and distinguishing ‘ice-like’ hydrogen bonds. In this work, we report the statistical information of hydrogen-bonded structures in liquid water from molecular simulations of the iAMOEBA water model. The fraction of different hydrogen-bonded structures is also compared with the fraction of LFTS molecules to gain insights into the hydrogen-bonded configuration of LFTS molecules. The structure of different hydrogen-bonded configurations, using various structural descriptors is also reported. We find that tetrahedral environments in liquid water (as modeled by the iAMOEBA force-field) are largely, but not exclusively constituted by the molecules that donate and accept two hydrogens each when ‘ice-like’ hydrogen bonds are considered.
The molecular vista: current perspectives on molecules and life in the twentieth century
Creators: name: Grote, Mathias
name: Onaga, Lisa
name: Creager, Angela
name: De Chadarevian, Soraya
name: Liu, Daniel
name: Surita, Gina
name: Tracy, Sarah E.
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Historiography
subject: Molecular Genetics
subject: Structural Biology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Molecularization
subject: Physical Science
subject: Nutrition
subject: 100 Philosophie, Parapsychologie und Okkultismus, Psychologie
subject: 900 Geschichte, Geografie und Hilfswissenschaften

description: This essay considers how scholarly approaches to the development of molecular biology have too often narrowed the historical aperture to genes, overlooking the ways in which other objects and processes contributed to the molecularization of life. From structural and dynamic studies of biomolecules to cellular membranes and organelles to metabolism and nutrition, new work by historians, philosophers, and STS scholars of the life sciences has revitalized older issues, such as the relationship of life to matter, or of physicochemical inquiries to biology. This scholarship points to a novel molecular vista that opens up a pluralist view of molecularizations in the twentieth century and considers their relevance to current science.
Strong correlations in ABC-stacked trilayer graphene: Moiré is important
Creators: name: Patri, Adarsh S.
name: Senthil, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments on multilayer graphene materials have discovered a plethora of correlated phases, including ferromagnetism and superconductivity, in the absence of a moiré potential. These findings pose an intriguing question of whether an underlying moiré potential plays a key role in determining the phases realizable in tunable two-dimensional quantum materials, or whether it merely acts as a weak periodic potential that perturbs an underlying correlated many body state. In this work, employing a Hartree-Fock mean field analysis, we examine this question theoretically by quantitatively studying the effects of an hexagonal Boron Nitride (h-BN) substrate on ABC-stacked trilayer graphene (ABC-TLG). For the topologically trivial regime, we find that the moiré potential leads to a strong suppression of the ferromagnetism of the underlying metal. Further, band insulators appear solely at full filling of the moiré unit cell, with a moiré potential stronger than is conventionally assumed. Thus the observed correlated insulating phases in ABC-TLG aligned with h-BN cannot be understood through band folding of the ferromagnetic metal found without the moiré potential. For the topologically non-trivial regime, we discover the appearance of prominent incompressible states when fractional hole fillings (of the moiré unit cell) coincide with the occurrence of fractional-metallic states in the moiré-less setting, as well as a slight weakening of the ferromagnetic nature of the phases; however this once again requires a moiré potential stronger than is conventionally assumed. Our findings highlight the importance of interactions in renormalizing the electronic bandstructure, and emphasizes the key role played by the moiré potential in determining the strong correlation physics.
description: 10 pages + 5 pages Appendices, + 3 pages References. v2: Published version
SDSS 1355+0856: A detached white dwarf + M star binary in the period gap discovered by the SWARMS survey
Creators: name: Badenes, Carles
name: van Kerkwijk, Marten H.
name: Kilic, Mukremin
name: Bickerton, Steven J.
name: Mazeh, Tsevi
name: Mullally, Fergal
name: Tal-Or, Lev
name: Thompson, Susan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SDSS 1355+0856 was identified as a hot white dwarf (WD) with a binary companion from time-resolved SDSS spectroscopy as part of the ongoing SWARMS survey. Follow-up observations with the ARC 3.5m telescope and the MMT revealed weak emission lines in the central cores of the Balmer absorption lines during some phases of the orbit, but no line emission during other phases. This can be explained if SDSS 1355+0856 is a detached WD+M dwarf binary similar to GD 448, where one of the hemispheres of the low-mass companion is irradiated by the proximity of the hot white dwarf. Based on the available data, we derive a period of 0.11438 +- 0.00006 days, a primary mass of 0.46 +- 0.01 solar masses, a secondary mass between 0.083 and 0.097 solar masses, and an inclination larger than 57 degrees. This makes SDSS 1355+0856 one of the shortest period post-common envelope WD+M dwarf binaries known, and one of only a few where the primary is likely a He-core white dwarf, which has interesting implications for our understanding of common envelope evolution and the phenomenology of cataclysmic variables. The short cooling time of the WD (25 Myr) implies that the system emerged from the common envelope phase with a period very similar to what we observe today, and was born in the period gap of cataclysmic variables.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to MNRAS. Comments welcome
Die bronzene Ringkopfnadel aus Hofsta∂ir, Island
Creators: name: Mehler, Natascha
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 81 Nr. 1 (2003)
Structural, dynamical and dielectric properties of water in contact with TiO2 surfaces via molecular-dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Ajide, Mary T.
name: O’Carroll, Dáire
name: English, Niall J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plasma Physics
subject: Computational Biology

description: Undoubtedly, enhancing our knowledge of the dielectric response, structural, translational-librational and dynamics properties of water either in bulk environment or in its interfacial guise are required to provide a detailed understanding of the fundamental properties crucial for the development of more efficient and improved control of photo-energy conversion devices, especially those based on photo-electrochemical (PEC) water splitting. To this end, classical equilibrium molecular-dynamics simulations have been performed to rationalise the intriguing behaviour of bulk water and, in particular, interfacial hydration water layers with both rutile (110) and anatase (101) surfaces of titanium dioxide (TiO2). The dielectric characteristics of interfacial water in the first-adsorbed water layer evince a markedly reduced value in comparison to the bulk water environment, as well as lower self-diffusivity (owing to surface-confinement effects). In addition, this work presents evidence describing behavioural pattern of adsorbed hydration layers which reflects similarities observed in the underlying surface-identity mechanism of titania slabs used, and on how surface atomistic architecture – indeed, ‘surface personality’ – dictates to a large extent the dielectric ‘matching’ of hydration-water layers adsorbed thereon. Further analyses show evidence of strong-roles underpinning the hydrogen-bond network at the water/titania interfaces.
Bernard Dedet, Tombes et pratiques funéraires protohistoriques des Grands Causses du Gévaudan (Aveyron, Gard, Lozère)
Creators: name: Zipf, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Bernard Dedet, Tombes et pratiques funéraires protohistoriques des Grands Causses du
Gévaudan (Aveyron, Gard, Lozère). Avec la participation d’Armelle Gardeisen. Documents
d’Archéologie Française 84. Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’Homme, Paris
2001. ISBN 2 7351 0806 6; ISSN 0769-010X. 356 Seiten mit 250 Textabbildungen
und 50 Tabellen.
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 81 Nr. 1 (2003)
HIV-1 immature virion network and icosahedral capsids self-assembly with patchy spheres
Creators: name: Machorro-Martínez, Brian Ignacio
name: Gutiérrez, Anthony B.
name: Quintana, Jacqueline
name: Armas-Pérez, Julio C.
name: Mendoza-Espinosa, Paola
name: Chapela, Gustavo A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Virology

description: The self-assembling process of a simple 3D molecular model that reproduces the hexagonal lattice that HIV-1 has in its immature stage is presented. The system is made of two overlapped repulsive spheres as a building block, both spheres are decorated with attractive patches simulating the main HIV-1 Gag interactions. If the overlapped spheres have the same diameter size, a flat lattice is assembled, while a curvature is induced in the resulting lattice when different diameters are used. Thus, the importance of this model lies on the fact that only by changing the overlapped spheres diameters it is possible to form icosahedral capsids according to the Kaspar and Klug model, known as T = 1, T = 3 and T = 4 without the use of any scaffold, such as the surface of a sphere. Only one molecular species is used to assemble hexagons and pentagons. WCA potential is used for repulsive particles and LJ for the attractive ones. Only two kinds of patches are needed to form a capsid. Two patches to form pairs, which form hexagons and pentagons, and the one that forms triplets, which connects the polygons together. These interactions are based on previous reports of the HIV-1 Gag protein.
Nucleon-nucleon momentum correlation function as a probe of the density distribution of valence neutron in neutron-rich nucleus
Creators: name: Cao, X. G.
name: Cai, X. Z.
name: Ma, Y. G.
name: Fang, D. Q.
name: Zhang, G. Q.
name: Guo, W.
name: Chen, J. G.
name: Wang, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Proton-neutron, neutron-neutron and proton-proton momentum correlation functions ($C_{pn}$, $C_{nn}$, $C_{pp}$) are systematically investigated for $^{15}$C and other C isotopes induced collisions at different entrance channel conditions within the framework of the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics (IDQMD) model complemented by the CRAB (correlation after burner) computation code. $^{15}$C is a prime exotic nucleus candidate due to the weakly bound valence neutron coupling with closed-neutron shell nucleus $^{14}$C. In order to study density dependence of correlation function by removing the isospin effect, the initialized $^{15}$C projectiles are sampled from two kinds of density distribution from RMF model, in which the valence neutron of $^{15}$C is populated on both 1$d$5/2 and 2$s$1/2 states, respectively. The results show that the density distributions of valence neutron significantly influence nucleon-nucleon momentum correlation function at large impact parameter and high incident energy. The extended density distribution of valence neutron largely weakens the strength of correlation function. The size of emission source is extracted by fitting correlation function using Gaussian source method. The emission source size as well as the size of final state phase space is larger for projectiles sampling from more extended density distribution of valence neutron corresponding 2$s$1/2 state in RMF model. Therefore momentum correlation function can be considered as a potential valuable tool to diagnose the exotic nuclear structure such as skin and halo.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, 1 table
Implementing arbitrary quantum operations via quantum walks on a cycle graph
Creators: name: Lin, Jia-Yi
name: Li, Xin-Yu
name: Shao, Yu-Hao
name: Wang, Wei
name: Wu, Shengjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum circuit model is the most commonly used model for implementing quantum computers and quantum neural networks whose essential tasks are to realize certain unitary operations. Here we propose an alternative approach; we use a simple discrete-time quantum walk (DTQW) on a cycle graph to model an arbitrary unitary operation $U(N)$ without the need to decompose it into a sequence of gates of smaller sizes. Our model is essentially a quantum neural network based on DTQW. Firstly, it is universal as we show that any unitary operation $U(N)$ can be realized via an appropriate choice of coin operators. Secondly, our DTQW-based neural network can be updated efficiently via a learning algorithm, i.e., a modified stochastic gradient descent algorithm adapted to our network. By training this network, one can promisingly find approximations to arbitrary desired unitary operations. With an additional measurement on the output, the DTQW-based neural network can also implement general measurements described by positive-operator-valued measures (POVMs). We show its capacity in implementing arbitrary 2-outcome POVM measurements via numeric simulation. We further demonstrate that the network can be simplified and can overcome device noises during the training so that it becomes more friendly for laboratory implementations. Our work shows the capability of the DTQW-based neural network in quantum computation and its potential in laboratory implementations.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
title: Systems and chemical biology approaches to study cell function and response to toxins
Creators: name: Jiang, Yingying
Publisher: name: Heidelberg University Library
Year: 2018

description: Toxicity is one of the main causes of failure during drug discovery, and of withdrawal once drugs reached the market. Prediction of potential toxicities in the early stage of drug development has thus become of great interest to reduce such costly failures. Since toxicity
results from chemical perturbation of biological systems, we combined biological and chemical strategies to help understand and ultimately predict drug toxicities.
First, we proposed a systematic strategy to predict and understand the mechanistic interpretation of drug toxicities based on chemical fragments. Fragments frequently found in chemicals with certain toxicities were defined as structural alerts for use in prediction. Some of the predictions were supported with mechanistic interpretation by integrating fragmentchemical,
chemical-protein, protein-protein interactions and gene expression data.
Next, we systematically deciphered the mechanisms of drug actions and toxicities by analyzing the associations of drugs’ chemical features, biological features and their gene expression profiles from the TG-GATEs database. We found that in vivo (rat liver) and in vitro (rat hepatocyte) gene expression patterns were poorly overlapped and gene expression responses in different species (rat and human) and different tissues (liver and kidney) varied widely.
Eventually, for further understanding of individual differences in drug responses, we reviewed how genetic polymorphisms influence the individual's susceptibility to drug toxicity by deriving chemical-protein interactions and SNP variations from Mechismo database. Such a study is also essential for personalized medicine.
Overall, this study showed that, integrating chemical and biological in addition to genetic data can help assess and predict drug toxicity at system and population levels.
On proton synchrotron blazar models: the case of quasar 3C 279
Creators: name: Petropoulou, Maria
name: Mastichiadis, Apostolos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work we propose an innovative estimation method for the minimum Doppler factor and energy content of the gamma-ray emitting region of quasar 3C 279, using a standard proton synchrotron blazar model and the principles of automatic photon quenching. The latter becomes relevant for high enough magnetic fields and results in spontaneous annihilation of gamma-rays. The absorbed energy is then redistributed into electron-positron pairs and soft radiation. We show that as quenching sets an upper value for the source rest-frame gamma-ray luminosity, one has, by neccessity, to resort to Doppler factors that lie above a certain value in order to explain the TeV observations. The existence of this lower limit for the Doppler factor has also implications on the energetics of the emitting region. In this aspect, the proposed method can be regarded as an extension of the widely used one for estimating the equipartition magnetic field using radio observations. In our case, the leptonic synchrotron component is replaced by the proton synchrotron emission and the radio by the VHE gamma-ray observations. We show specifically that one can model the TeV observations by using parameter values that minimize both the energy density and the jet power at the cost of high-values of the Doppler factor. On the other hand, the modelling can also be done by using the minimum possible Doppler factor; this, however, leads to a particle dominated region and high jet power for a wide range of magnetic field values. Despite the fact that we have focused on the case of 3C 279, our analysis can be of relevance to all TeV blazars favoring hadronic modelling that have, moreover, simultaneous X-ray observations.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, 1 Table, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Quasinormal modes in higher derivative gravity: testing the black hole parametrization and sensitivity of overtones
Creators: name: Konoplya, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fundamental quasinormal modes of black holes in higher-derivative gravity given by the Einstein-Weyl action are known to be moderately corrected by the Weyl term. Here we will show that the first several overtones are highly sensitive to even a relatively small Weyl correction, which might be important when representing the earlier stage of the black hole ringdown. In addition, we have solved the problem related to the analytical parametrized approximation of the numerical black hole solution in the Einstein-Weyl theory: In some range of parameters the approximation for the metric developed up to the third order leads to the unusual highly nonmonotonic behavior of the frequencies. We have shown that this problem can be solved via the extension of the parametrization of the metric to higher orders until reaching the regime when the frequencies do not change with further increasing of the order.
description: version to match the published one in Phys.Rev.D 107 (2023) 6, 064039
Three-dimensional Models of Topological Insulator Films: Dirac Cone Engineering and Spin Texture Robustness
Creators: name: Soriano, David
name: Ortmann, Frank
name: Roche, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have designed three-dimensional models of topological insulator thin films, showing a tunability of the odd number of Dirac cones on opposite surfaces driven by the atomic-scale geometry at the boundaries. This enables creation of a single Dirac cone at the $Γ$-point as well as possible suppression of quantum tunneling between Dirac states at opposite surfaces (and gap formation), when opposite surfaces are geometrically differentiated. The spin texture of surface states was found to change from a spin-momentum-locking symmetry to a progressive loss in surface spin polarization upon the introduction of bulk disorder, related to the penetration of boundary states inside the bulk. These findings illustrate the richness of the Dirac physics emerging in thin films of topological insulators and may prove utile for engineering Dirac cones and for quantifying bulk disorder in materials with ultraclean surfaces.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Investigation of chemical structure recognition by encoder-decoder models in learning progress
Creators: name: Nemoto, Shumpei
name: Mizuno, Tadahaya
name: Kusuhara, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: J.3; I.5.4

description: Descriptor generation methods using latent representations of encoder$-$decoder (ED) models with SMILES as input are useful because of the continuity of descriptor and restorability to the structure. However, it is not clear how the structure is recognized in the learning progress of ED models. In this work, we created ED models of various learning progress and investigated the relationship between structural information and learning progress. We showed that compound substructures were learned early in ED models by monitoring the accuracy of downstream tasks and input$-$output substructure similarity using substructure$-$based descriptors, which suggests that existing evaluation methods based on the accuracy of downstream tasks may not be sensitive enough to evaluate the performance of ED models with SMILES as descriptor generation methods. On the other hand, we showed that structure restoration was time$-$consuming, and in particular, insufficient learning led to the estimation of a larger structure than the actual one. It can be inferred that determining the endpoint of the structure is a difficult task for the model. To our knowledge, this is the first study to link the learning progress of SMILES by ED model to chemical structures for a wide range of chemicals.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
The Earliest Phases of Star formation observed with Herschel (EPoS): The dust temperature and density distributions of B68
Creators: name: Nielbock, M.
name: Launhardt, R.
name: Steinacker, J.
name: Stutz, A. M.
name: Balog, Z.
name: Beuther, H.
name: Bouwman, J.
name: Henning, Th.
name: Hily-Blant, P.
name: Kainulainen, J.
name: Krause, O.
name: Linz, H.
name: Lippok, N.
name: Ragan, S.
name: Risacher, C.
name: Schmiedeke, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abriged) In the framework of the Herschel GTKP "The earliest phases of star formation", we have imaged B68 between 100 and 500 um. Ancillary (sub)mm data, spectral line maps of the 12/13CO(2-1) transitions as well as a NIR extinction map were added to the analysis. We employed a ray-tracing algorithm to derive the 2D mid-plane dust temperature and volume density distribution without suffering from LoS averaging effects of simple SED fitting procedures. Additional 3D radiative transfer calculations were employed to investigate the connection between the external irradiation and the peculiar crescent shaped morphology found in the FIR maps. For the first time, we spatially resolve the dust temperature and density distribution of B68. We find T_dust dropping from 16.7 K at the edge to 8.2 K in the centre, which is about 4 K lower than the result of the simple SED fitting approach. N_H peaks at 4.3x10^22 cm^-2 and n_H at 3.4x10^5 cm^-3 in the centre. B68 has a mass of 3.1 M_sun of material with A_K > 0.2 mag for an assumed distance of 150 pc. We detect a compact source in the southeastern trunk, which is also seen in extinction and CO. We find the radial density distribution from the edge of the inner plateau outward to be n_H ~ r^-3.5. Such a steep profile can arise from either or both of the following: external irradiation with a significant UV contribution or the fragmentation of filamentary structures. Our 3D radiative transfer model of an externally irradiated core by an anisotropic ISRF reproduces the crescent morphology. Our CO observations show that B68 is part of a chain of globules in both space and velocity, which may indicate that it was once part of a filament which dispersed. We also resolve a new compact source in the SE trunk and find that it is slightly shifted in centroid velocity from B68, lending qualitative support to core collision scenarios.
description: Accepted for publication by A&A, 21 pages (+ appendix), 21 figures
title: Subordinate Officers in Xenophon's Anabasis
Creators: name: Huitink, Luuk
name: Rood, Tim
Publisher: name: The Society for the Promotion of Hellenic Studies
Year: 2016

description: This chapter focuses on Xenophon’s treatment of divisions
within the command structure presented in the Anabasis, and in particular on three military positions that are briefly mentioned—the taxiarch, ὑποστράτηγος, and ὑπολόχαγος. Arguing against the prescriptive military hierarchies proposed in earlier scholarship, it suggests that ‘taxiarch’ should be understood fluidly and that the appearance of both the ὑποστράτηγος and the ὑπολόχαγος may be due to interpolation. The chapter also includes discussion of two types of comparative material: procedures for replacing dead, absent, or deposed generals at Athens and Sparta in the Classical period, and the lexical development of subordinate positions with the prefix ὑπο-.
title: Ansätze der Religionswissenschaft in Heidelberg
Creators: name: Prohl, Inken
name: Okropiridze, Dimitry
Publisher: name: Heidelberg University Library
Year: 2018

description: Seit ihrer Abgrenzung von theologischen und religionskritischen Ansätzen hat die Religionswissenschaft sich zunehmend als multimethodische und transdisziplinär agierende Kulturwissenschaft etabliert. Sowohl philologische, religions-historische, -soziologische und -ethnologische Kompetenzen wie auch intensive Theoriebildungen, die sich an aktuelle wissenschaftstheoretische Entwicklungen anlehnen, sind dabei als Stützpfeiler der Religionsforschung unentbehrlich. Sie erlauben den Balanceakt zwischen Akteursorientierung und Diskursanalyse, zwischen Mikro- und Makroperspektive und zwischen Agency und Determinierung, der angesichts postmoderner Wissenskritik und der rasanten Entwicklung der Kognitions- und Neurowissenschaften notwendig ist.
New parameterization of Skyrme's interaction for regularized multi-reference energy density functional calculations
Creators: name: Washiyama, K.
name: Bennaceur, K.
name: Avez, B.
name: Bender, M.
name: Heenen, P. -H.
name: Hellemans, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Background] Symmetry restoration and configuration mixing in the spirit of the generator coordinate method based on energy density functionals have become widely used techniques in low-energy nuclear structure physics. Recently, it has been pointed out that these techniques are ill-defined for standard Skyrme functionals, and a regularization procedure has been proposed to remove the resulting spuriosities from such calculations. This procedure imposes an integer power of the density for the density dependent terms of the functional. At present, only dated parameterizations of the Skyrme interaction fulfill this condition. [Purpose] To construct a set of parameterizations of the Skyrme energy density functional for multi-reference energy density functional calculations with regularization using the state-of-the-art fitting protocols. [Method] The parameterizations were adjusted to reproduce ground state properties of a selected set of doubly magic nuclei and properties of nuclear matter. Subsequently, these parameter sets were validated against properties of spherical and deformed nuclei. [Results] Our parameter sets successfully reproduce the experimental binding energies and charge radii for a wide range of singly-magic nuclei. Compared to the widely used SLy5 and to the SIII parameterization that has integer powers of the density, a significant improvement of the reproduction of the data is observed. Similarly, a good description of the deformation properties at $A\sim 80$ was obtained. [Conclusions] We have constructed new Skyrme parameterizations with integer powers of the density and validated them against a broad set of experimental data for spherical and deformed nuclei. These parameterizations are tailor-made for regularized multi-reference energy density functional calculations and can be used to study correlations beyond the mean-field in atomic nuclei.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
CARTA AOS MEUS EX-ALUNOS
Creators: name: Santana, José Cláudio Pavão
Publisher: name: Zenodo - Cadernos da Pena do Pavao
Year: 2023

description: Meus caros ex-alunos de Direito Constitucional da UFMA
:
Dirijo-me, respeitosamente, a cada um de vocês, com saudade e alegria. Saudade pela distância, alegria por ver tantos de vocês hoje vitoriosos na vida profissional. Mas o motivo principal é a preocupação que me invadiu nesta data, e agora lhes trago como uma prestação de contas como professor.
The dual nature of As-vacancies in LaFeAsO-derived superconductors: magnetic moment formation while preserving superconductivity
Creators: name: Kikoin, Konstantin
name: Drechsler, Stefan-Ludwig
name: Malek, Jiri
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As-vacancies (V_As) in La-1111-systems, which are nominally non-magnetic defects, are shown to create in their vicinity by symmetry ferromagnetically oriented local magnetic moments due to the strong, covalent bonds with neighboring Fe atoms that they break. From microscopic theory in terms of an appropriately modified Anderson-Wolff model, we find that the moment formation results in a substantially enhanced paramagnetic susceptibility in both the normal and superconducting (SC) state. Despite the V_As act as magnetic scatterers, they do not deteriorate SC properties which can even be improved by V_As by suppressing a competing or coexisting commensurate spin density wave or its remnant fluctuations. Due to the induced local magnetic moments an s_++-scenario in related systems is unlikely.
description: 7 pages, 4 Figures
Gravitational lensing by using the 0th order of affine perturbation series of the deflection angle of a ray near a photon sphere
Creators: name: Tsukamoto, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 0th order of affine perturbation series of the deflection angle of a ray near a photon sphere is more accurate than a deflection angle in a strong deflection limit, which is used often, because the later has hidden error terms. We investigate gravitational lensing by using 0th order affine perturbation series of the deflection angle in a general asymptotically-flat, static, and spherical symmetric spacetime with the photon sphere. We apply our formula to Schwarzschild black hole, Reissner-Nordström black hole, and Ellis-Bronnikov wormhole spacetimes as examples. By comparing observables by using the deflection angles, we show that we can ignore the effect of the hidden error terms in the deflection angle in the strong deflection limit on the observables in a usual lens configuration with the photon sphere since the hidden error terms are tiny. On the other hand, in a retro lensing configuration, the deflection angle in the strong-deflection-limit analysis have error of several percent and the 0th order of affine perturbation series of the deflection angle has almost half of the error. Thus, in the retro lensing configuration, we should use the 0th order of affine perturbation series of the deflection angle rather than the deflection angle in the strong-deflection-limit analysis. The 0th order of affine perturbation series of the deflection angle can give a brighter magnification by a dozen percent than the one by using the deflection angle in the strong-deflection-limit analysis.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, minor changes, accepted for publication in The European Physical Journal C
title: Das Kulturkonzept der "créolité" im Romanwerk Patrick Chamoiseaus
Creators: name: Lipps, Antje
Publisher: name: Heidelberg University Library
Year: 2018

description: Gegenstand der vorgelegten Untersuchung sind Essay- und Romanwerk des Prix Goncourt-Preisträgers Patrick Chamoiseau. Der Autor publiziert im späten zwanzigsten Jahrhundert den "Éloge de la créolité", Manifest für einen postkolonialen Identitätsentwurf, das die Schwierigkeiten der Antillaner, ein kreolisches Selbstverständnis zu leben, thematisiert, um sich dann Lösungsansätzen, zusammengefasst im Konzept der "créolité", zu widmen. Im Zentrum der Arbeit steht die Frage, auf welche Weise der Autor die in der programmatischen Schrift enthaltenen erwähnten Feststellungen und Forderungen in seinem Romanwerk umsetzt. Der "Éloge de la créolité" akzentuiert zwei zentrale Aspekte: den "enracinement dans l’oral" (Einbezug mündlicher Kulturelemente) sowie die "mise à jour de la mémoire vraie" (die kollektive Erinnerung, einer dominierenden kolonialen Historiographie entgegengesetzt). Besonders interessant ist die Auswertung der Romane Chamoiseaus hinsichtlich dieser Inhalte, die sich unter anderem manifestieren auf Figurenebene wie dem "conteur" oder dem eine Scharnierfunktion einnehmenden "marqueur de paroles", aber auch in der polyphonen Rekonstitution des Gedächtnisses – hierbei unabdingbarer Protagonist die "petites gens". Das erste Kapitel der Magisterarbeit gewährt zudem einen Überblick über unmittelbare Wegbereiter des "créolité"-Konzepts (Négritude, Antillanité) und erlaubt es, mit Fokus auf die Vordenker Fanon, Césaire und Glissant die Entwicklungslinien hin zu dem Kulturkonzept Chamoiseaus zu verfolgen. Im abschließenden Kapitel werden weiterführende zukünftige Untersuchungen aufgezeigt, die sich als ergiebig erweisen könnten aufgrund der Fülle der ästhetischen Verfahren, die im Romanwerk Anwendung finden.
Strain induced lithium functionalized graphane as a high capacity hydrogen storage material
Creators: name: Hussain, Tanveer
name: De Sarkar, Abir
name: Ahuja, Rajeev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strain effects on the stability, electronic structure, and hydrogen storage capacity of lithium-doped graphane (CHLi) have been investigated by stateof-the art first principle density functional theory (DFT). Molecular dynamics MD) simulations have confirmed the stability of Li on graphane sheet when it is subject to 10% of tensile strain. Under biaxial asymmetric strain, the binding energy of Li of graphane (CH) sheet increases by 52% with respect to its bulk's cohesive energy. With 25% doping concentration of Li on CH sheet,the gravimetric density of hydrogen storage is found to reach up to 12.12wt%. The adsorption energies of H2 are found to be within the range of practical H2 storage applications.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, Applied Physics Letters (Under Review)
Topological Superconductivity Mediated by Skyrmionic Magnons
Creators: name: Mæland, Kristian
name: Sudbø, Asle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological superconductors are associated with the appearance of Majorana bound states, with promising applications in topologically protected quantum computing. In this Letter, we study a system where a skyrmion crystal is interfaced with a normal metal. Through interfacial exchange coupling, spin fluctuations in the skyrmion crystal mediate an effective electron-electron interaction in the normal metal. We study superconductivity within a weak-coupling approach and solve gap equations both close to the critical temperature and at zero temperature. Special features in the effective electron-electron interaction due to the noncolinearity of the magnetic ground state yield topological superconductivity at the interface.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, Supplemental material: 17 pages, 8 figures, accepted in Physical Review Letters
Flight Safety and the Key Role of Flight Attendants
Creators: name: Airaldi, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: ACA2021
ACA2021-PRE

description: A cabin crew member reports on the key role of flight attendants in flight safety management.
description: This is a presentation from the International Aircraft Cabin Air Conference 2021 (Online, 15-18 March 2021)
Exact solutions of nonlinear boundary value problems of the Stefan type
Creators: name: Cherniha, Roman
name: Kovalenko, Sergii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 80A22, 22E70, 35K61

description: The (1+1)-dimensional nonlinear boundary value problem, modeling the process of melting and evaporation of metals, is studied by means of the classical Lie symmetry method. All possible Lie operators of the nonlinear heat equation, which allow us to reduce the problem to the boundary value problem for the system of ordinary differential equations, are found. The forms of heat conductivity coefficients are established when the given problem can be analytically solved in an explicit form.
description: Published version
Vibropolaritonic Reaction Rates in the Collective Strong Coupling Regime: Pollak-Grabert-Hänggi Theory
Creators: name: Du, Matthew
name: Poh, Yong Rui
name: Yuen-Zhou, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following experimental evidence that vibrational polaritons, formed from collective vibrational strong coupling (VSC) in optical microcavities, can modify ground-state reaction rates, a spate of theoretical explanations relying on cavity-induced frictions has been proposed through the Pollak-Grabert-Hänggi (PGH) theory, which goes beyond transition state theory (TST). However, by considering only a single reacting molecule coupled to light, these works do not capture the ensemble effects present in experiments. Moreover, the relevant light-matter coupling should have been $\sqrt{N}$ times smaller than those used by preceding works, where $N\approx10^{6}-10^{12}$ is the ensemble size. In this work, we explain why this distinction is significant and can nullify effects from these cavity-induced frictions. By analytically extending the cavity PGH model to realistic values of $N$, we show how this model succumbs to the polariton "large $N$ problem", that is, the situation whereby the single reacting molecule feels only a tiny $1/N$ part of the collective light-matter interaction intensity, where $N$ is large.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Coherent intense resonant laser pulses lead to interference in the time domain observable in the spectrum of the emitted particles
Creators: name: Demekhin, Philipp V.
name: Cederbaum, Lorenz S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of atomic levels resonantly coupled by a coherent and intense short high-frequency laser pulse is discussed and it is advocated that this dynamics is sensitively probed by measuring the spectra of the particles emitted. It is demonstrated that the time-envelope of this laser pulse gives rise to two waves emitted with a time delay with respect to each other at the rising and falling sides of the pulse, which interfere in the time domain. By computing numerically and analyzing explicitly analytically a show-case example of sequential two-photon ionization of an atom by resonant laser pulses, we argue that this dynamic interference should be a general phenomenon in the spectroscopy of strong laser fields. The emitted particles do not have to be photoelectrons. Our results allow also to interpret the already studied resonant Auger effect of an atom by intense free electron laser pulses, and also to envisage experiments in which photons are emitted.
description: 4 figures
Misspecified Cramér-Rao Bound of RIS-aided Localization under Geometry Mismatch
Creators: name: Zheng, Pinjun
name: Chen, Hui
name: Ballal, Tarig
name: Wymeersch, Henk
name: Al-Naffouri, Tareq Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In 5G/6G wireless systems, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) can play a role as a passive anchor to enable and enhance localization in various scenarios. However, most existing RIS-aided localization works assume that the geometry of the RIS is perfectly known, which is not realistic in practice due to calibration errors. In this work, we derive the misspecified Cramér-Rao bound (MCRB) for a single-input-single-output RIS-aided localization system with RIS geometry mismatch. Specifically, unlike most existing works that use numerical methods, we propose a closed-form solution to the pseudo-true parameter determination problem for MCRB analysis. Simulation results demonstrate the validity of the derived pseudo-true parameters and MCRB, and show that the RIS geometry mismatch causes performance saturation in the high signal-to-noise ratio regions.
Oil Fumes, Flight Safety, and the NTSB
Creators: name: Anderson, Judith
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: NTSB
FAA
ICAO
investigation
flight
safety
oil
fume
bleed air
crash
ACA2021
ACA2021-PRE

description: -
description: This is a presentation from the International Aircraft Cabin Air Conference 2021 (Online, 15-18 March 2021)
A Sharp Upper Bound for Region Unknotting Number of Torus Knots
Creators: name: Siwach, Vikash
name: Prabhakar, Madeti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25

description: Region crossing change for a knot or a proper link is an unknotting operation. In this paper, we provide a sharp upper bound on the region unknotting number for a large class of torus knots and proper links. Also, we discuss conditions on torus links to be proper.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures