cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
POSNoise: An Effective Countermeasure Against Topic Biases in Authorship Analysis
Creators: name: Halvani, Oren
name: Graner, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Authorship verification (AV) is a fundamental research task in digital text forensics, which addresses the problem of whether two texts were written by the same person. In recent years, a variety of AV methods have been proposed that focus on this problem and can be divided into two categories: The first category refers to such methods that are based on explicitly defined features, where one has full control over which features are considered and what they actually represent. The second category, on the other hand, relates to such AV methods that are based on implicitly defined features, where no control mechanism is involved, so that any character sequence in a text can serve as a potential feature. However, AV methods belonging to the second category bear the risk that the topic of the texts may bias their classification predictions, which in turn may lead to misleading conclusions regarding their results. To tackle this problem, we propose a preprocessing technique called POSNoise, which effectively masks topic-related content in a given text. In this way, AV methods are forced to focus on such text units that are more related to the writing style. Our empirical evaluation based on six AV methods (falling into the second category) and seven corpora shows that POSNoise leads to better results compared to a well-known topic masking approach in 34 out of 42 cases, with an increase in accuracy of up to 10%.
description: Paper has been accepted for publication in: The 16th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (ARES 2021)
Anatomy of a gauge theory
Creators: name: Kreimer, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We exhibit the role of Hochschild cohomology in quantum field theory with particular emphasis on gauge theory and Dyson--Schwinger equations, the quantum equations of motion. These equations emerge from Hopf- and Lie algebra theory and free quantum field theory only. In the course of our analysis we exhibit an intimate relation between the Slavnov-Taylor identities for the couplings and the existence of Hopf sub-algebras defined on the sum of all graphs at a given loop order, surpassing the need to work on single diagrams.
description: 25p, uses feynmf, typos corrected, references added, to appear in Annals of Physics
Tracing the formation of massive spheroids from high-z galaxy clustering
Creators: name: Daddi, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high-z progenitors of local massive early-type galaxies should be characterized by a strong level of clustering, larger than that measured for z=3 Lyman Break Galaxies and comparable to that of z~1 EROs. First possible evidences for such strongly clustered objects at z~2 were found by the FIRES and K20 surveys, that have identified new classes of faint high-z K-selected galaxies. Some details are given here for the new population of massive star-forming galaxies at z~2, found by the K20 survey in the GOODS-South area. Because of their much redder UV continuum, most of these galaxies would not be selected by the Lyman Break criterion. Such objects are good candidates for the precursors of local ellipticals caught in their formation phase. We have calibrated a two color criterion to allow the identification of these highest redshift galaxies in bright K-limited samples.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, in "Multiwavelength Mapping of Galaxy Formation and Evolution" Venice, October 2003, conference proceedings
Additional file 4 of Simultaneous detection of EGFR amplification and EGFRvIII variant using digital PCR-based method in glioblastoma
Creators: name: Fontanilles, Maxime
name: Marguet, Florent
name: Ruminy, Philippe
name: Basset, Carole
name: Noel, Adrien
name: Beaussire, Ludivine
name: Viennot, Mathieu
name: Pierre-Julien Viailly
name: Cassinari, Kevin
name: Chambon, Pascal
name: Richard, Doriane
name: Alexandru, Cristina
name: Tennevet, Isabelle
name: Langlois, Olivier
name: Fiore, Frédéric Di
name: Laquerrière, Annie
name: Clatot, Florian
name: Sarafan-Vasseur, Nasrin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Material: cost evaluation of FISH method.
The potential economic impact of Guinea-race sorghum hybrids in Mali: A comparison of research and development paradigms
Creators: name: Kergna, Alpha
name: Smale, Melinda
name: Assima, Amidou
name: Diallo, Abdoulaye
name: Weltzien, Eva
name: Rattunde, Fred
name: Kergna, Alpha
name: Smale, Melinda
name: Assima, Amidou
name: Diallo, Abdoulaye
name: Weltzien, Eva
name: Rattunde, Fred
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: sorghum
subject: hybrids
subject: Mali
subject: economic impact
subject: R&D

description: Rural Malians depend on sorghum as a staple food. Despite long-term investment in sorghum improvement, achieving major gains in sorghum yields has posed challenges. We assessed the potential economic impact of the first Guinea-race sorghum hybrids developed and diffused using participatory plant breeding with decentralised, farmer-based seed systems. We compared this approach to formal plant breeding with a centralised, state-managed seed system – the sole approach pursued in Mali prior to 2000. To incorporate risk, we augmented the economic surplus model by applying Monte Carlo sampling to simulate distributions of model parameters. A census of sorghum varieties in 58 villages of the Sudanese Savanna served as the adoption baseline. Our findings indicate that research on sorghum hybrids with the new approach is a sound investment. Public and private actors need to continue investing in innovative ways to expand the sorghum seed system. The sensitivity of results to the price elasticity of supply suggests commercialisation opportunities.
A Gas Monitoring Chamber for High Pressure Applications
Creators: name: Hamacher-Baumann, Philip
name: Roth, Stefan
name: Radermacher, Thomas
name: Thamm, Nick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time Projection Chambers (TPCs) operated at high pressure have become a topic of interest for future long baseline neutrino experiments. Pressurized gas retains the low momentum threshold for particle detection of atmospheric TPCs, but offers a larger target mass for neutrino interactions at the same volume. Operation at high pressure poses several new challenges in safety aspects regarding overpressure and high voltage safety. The presented High Pressure Gas Monitoring Chamber (HPGMC) can be used to study the suitability of various drift gas mixtures up to 10 bar and a maximum field of $\sim$3000 V/cm . A flexible construction makes it possible to exchange parts of the inner detector and to test new technologies. In this work, the construction of a HPGMC and its commissioning using the P10 gas mixture ($90 \% \mathrm{Ar} + 10 \% \mathrm{CH}_4$) are presented.
description: Reviewed version for JINST
Fig. S6. from Differential word expression analyses highlight plague dynamics during the second pandemic
Creators: name: Barbieri, Rémi
name: Nodari, Riccardo
name: Signoli, Michel
name: Epis, Sara
name: Raoult, Didier
name: Drancourt, Michel
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Word network representation of words associated to potential sources of plague. Sources for the Marseille plague are displayed in green and for the Northern Italy plague are displayed in orange. Network generated with Gephi software based on the adjusted P values from the nested analysis (P adj<0.01). Word label dimensions are proportional to the number of links with other words.
Nonlinear Transport Near a Quantum Phase Transition in Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Denis
name: Dalidovich
name: Phillips, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of non-linear transport near a quantum phase transition is solved within the Landau theory for the dissipative insulator-superconductor phase transition in two dimensions. Using the non-equilibrium Schwinger round-trip Green function formalism, we obtain the scaling function for the non-linear conductivity in the quantum disordered regime. We find that the conductivity scales as $E^2$ at low field but crosses over at large fields to a universal constant on the order of $e^2/h$. The crossover between these two regimes obtains when the length scale for the quantum fluctuations becomes comparable to that of the electric field within logarithmic accuracy.
description: 4.15 pages, no figures
Simulating the Schroedinger functional with two pseudo-fermions
Creators: name: Della Morte, M.
name: Knechtli, F.
name: Rolf, J.
name: Sommer, R.
name: Wetzorke, I.
name: Wolff, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on simulations with two flavors of O(a) improved degenerate Wilson fermions with Schroedinger functional boundary conditions. The algorithm which is used is Hybrid Monte Carlo with two pseudo-fermion fields as proposed by M. Hasenbusch. We investigate the numerical precision and sensitivity to reversibility violations of this algorithm. A gain of a factor two in CPU cost is reached compared with one pseudo-fermion field due to the larger possible step-size.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures, changes in section 3, figures 4 and 6 replaced, addition of appendix A
Cosmic Acceleration Driven by Mirage Inhomogeneities
Creators: name: Galfard, Christophe
name: Germani, Cristiano
name: Kehagias, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A cosmological model based on an inhomogeneous D3-brane moving in an AdS_5 X S_5 bulk is introduced. Although there is no special points in the bulk, the brane Universe has a center and is isotropic around it. The model has an accelerating expansion and its effective cosmological constant is inversely proportional to the distance from the center, giving a possible geometrical origin for the smallness of a present-day cosmological constant. Besides, if our model is considered as an alternative of early time acceleration, it is shown that the early stage accelerating phase ends in a dust dominated FRW homogeneous Universe. Mirage-driven acceleration thus provides a dark matter component for the brane Universe final state. We finally show that the model fulfills the current constraints on inhomogeneities.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure, IOP style. v2, changed style, minor corrections, references added, version accepted in Class. Quant. Grav
Induced Crystallization of Polyelectrolyte-Surfactant Complexes at the Gas-Water Interface
Creators: name: Vaknin, D.
name: Dahlke, S.
name: Travesset, A.
name: Nizri, G.
name: Magdassi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Synchrotron-X-ray and surface tension studies of a strong polyelectrolyte (PE) in the semi-dilute regime (~ 0.1M monomer-charges) with varying surfactant concentrations show that minute surfactant concentrations induce the formation of a PE-surfactant complex at the gas/solution interface. X-ray reflectivity and grazing angle X-ray diffraction (GIXD) provide detailed information of the top most layer, where it is found that the surfactant forms a two-dimensional liquid-like monolayer, with a noticeable disruption of the structure of water at the interface. With the addition of salt (NaCl) columnar-crystals with distorted-hexagonal symmetry are formed.
description: 4 pages, 5 eps figures
Estimation of Z-Thickness and XY-Anisotropy of Electron Microscopy Images using Gaussian Processes
Creators: name: Ambegoda, Thanuja D.
name: Martel, Julien N. P.
name: Adamcik, Jozef
name: Cook, Matthew
name: Hahnloser, Richard H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Serial section electron microscopy (ssEM) is a widely used technique for obtaining volumetric information of biological tissues at nanometer scale. However, accurate 3D reconstructions of identified cellular structures and volumetric quantifications require precise estimates of section thickness and anisotropy (or stretching) along the XY imaging plane. In fact, many image processing algorithms simply assume isotropy within the imaging plane. To ameliorate this problem, we present a method for estimating thickness and stretching of electron microscopy sections using non-parametric Bayesian regression of image statistics. We verify our thickness and stretching estimates using direct measurements obtained by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and show that our method has a lower estimation error compared to a recent indirect thickness estimation method as well as a relative Z coordinate estimation method. Furthermore, we have made the first dataset of ssSEM images with directly measured section thickness values publicly available for the evaluation of indirect thickness estimation methods.
Fig. S3. from Differential word expression analyses highlight plague dynamics during the second pandemic
Creators: name: Barbieri, Rémi
name: Nodari, Riccardo
name: Signoli, Michel
name: Epis, Sara
name: Raoult, Didier
name: Drancourt, Michel
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: WordClouds generated from the nested analysis of French plague-related overrepresented words. Each WordCloud is specific for one overrepresented word (present in the middle of the WordCloud) and displays every word that is associated with the relative overrepresented word (P value < 0.001 and log2foldchange>0).
Impact of infestation by parasitic weeds on rice farmers’ productivity and technical efficiency in sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: N'cho, Simon Akahoua
name: Mourits, Monique
name: Demont, Matty
name: Adegbola, Patrice Y.
name: Lansink, Alfons Oude
name: N'cho, Simon Akahoua
name: Mourits, Monique
name: Demont, Matty
name: Adegbola, Patrice Y.
name: Lansink, Alfons Oude
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: rain-fed rice
subject: parasitic weeds
subject: sub-Saharan Africa
subject: stochastic frontier model
subject: technical efficiency

description: Rice production is crucial for food security and income generation in sub-Saharan Africa. However, productivity and technical efficiency levels in rice production systems are severely constrained by biotic constraints such as parasitic weeds. This paper assesses the impact of infestation by parasitic weeds on rice farmers’ technical efficiency and examines the potential role of managerial factors in improving technical efficiency. Household and field survey data were collected from rice farmers in Cote d’Ivoire and Benin in West Africa. A stochastic frontier production function was estimated, which allows for identifying the levels of exogenous factors that prevent farmers from improving technical efficiency levels. The results suggest that farmers cope with parasitic weeds through learning from experiencing infestations by parasitic weed. The results will assist national extension in designing segmented training programmes that are better tailored to rice farmers’ needs and preventing food security from being jeopardised by parasitic weeds.
Ligictaluridus pricei
Creators: name: Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit
name: García-Prieto, Luis
name: León, Gerardo Pérez-Ponce De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Monogenea
Dactylogyridea
Ancyrocephalidae
Ligictaluridus
Ligictaluridus pricei

description: Ligictaluridus pricei (Mueller, 1936) *
 Cleidodiscus pricei Mueller, 1936b: 464.
 Ligictaluridus pricei – Beverley-Burton 1984: 40.
HOSTS. — Actinopterygii (gills).
 GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION. — Durango. Río Nazas (poblado de Nazas), Río Nazas (poblado de San Rafael Jicorica): Ictalurus cf. pricei (Pérez-Ponce de León et al. 2010).
 SPECIMENS IN COLLECTIONS. — CNHE (6481-2).
description: Published as part of Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit, García-Prieto, Luis & León, Gerardo Pérez-Ponce De, 2017, Checklist of the Monogenea (Platyhelminthes) parasitic in Mexican aquatic vertebrates, pp. 501-598 in Zoosystema 39 (4) on page 521, DOI: 10.5252/z2017n4a5, http://zenodo.org/record/4578694
Lias-Fossilien aus der Tongrube Eichenberg, Nordhessen
Creators: name: Arp, Gernot
name: Persoh, D.
name: Reimer, A.
name: Reitner, Joachim
name: Sosnitza, M.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2000

description: Fossilreiche Aufschlüsse im Lias des Leinetalgrabens sind eine Seltenheit. Eine Ausnahme hiervon bildet die Tongrube bei Eichenberg an der Grenze von Nordhessen zu Niedersachsen, welche etwa 20 m Ton- und Mergelschiefer des höheren Lias a3 mit einer individuenreichen Ammonoideenfauna (Arnioceras ssp., Euagassiceras resupinatum) erschließt. Die Muschelfauna wird durch eine artenarme Vergesellschaftung von dünnschaligen, vorwiegend epibyssaten Formen repräsentiert, wie sie in schlecht durchlüfteten Sedimentationsräumen des Unterjura typisch ist
title: The Relationship between Thai Culture and the Learning and Teaching of English in North-eastern Thailand
Creators: name: Graham, Steven Jacob Arthur
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2019

description: This research explores the relationship between Thai culture and the learning and teaching of English in north-eastern Thailand, by focusing on the adoption of learner-centeredness in the English language classroom, and whether it is mediated by Thai culture. This qualitative study employs observations, and individual/group interviews, using a socio-cultural framework to investigate primary school teachers’ perceptions of learner-centered teaching, how they implement learner-centeredness in the classroom and how this is negotiated by Thai culture. In addition, students’ perceptions of their learning preferences, and how they relate to learner-centeredness are both investigated in relation to Thai culture. The research findings reveal that most Thai teachers of English taking part in this investigation were able to demonstrate aspects of learner-centered teaching, for example, engaging students, varied use of content, a learner-centered environment, some student autonomy, and assessment to reach student goals; however, they were not particularly adept at explaining theory during their interviews. Teachers highlighted a lack of confidence, a perceived deficit of pronunciation ability and the lack of opportunities to use English outside the classroom as having an influence on their effectiveness. In addition, a shortage of qualified English teachers, and excessive extracurricular activities in schools were also emphasised as having an impact. Furthermore, the students liked to learn English by singing songs and playing games, and preferred their teacher marking their work, and working in groups, although teachers believed that their students also lacked confidence in using English. This research has possible implications for teacher training, in that there may be a requirement for Thai culture, as well as the local context, to be taken into consideration when implementing educational change, including the involvement of all stakeholders in the educational process if it is to succeed.
Tunable Non-local Spin Control in a Coupled Quantum Dot System
Creators: name: Craig, N. J.
name: Taylor, J. M.
name: Lester, E. A.
name: Marcus, C. M.
name: Hanson, M. P.
name: Gossard, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective interaction between magnetic impurities in metals that can lead to various magnetic ground states often competes with a tendency for electrons near impurities to screen the local moment (Kondo effect). The simplest system exhibiting the richness of this competition, the two-impurity Kondo system, is here realized experimentally in the form of two quantum dots coupled through an open conducting region. We demonstrate non-local spin control by suppressing and splitting Kondo resonances in one quantum dot by changing electron number and coupling of the other dot. Results suggest an approach to non-local spin control relevant to quantum information processing.
description: related articles available at http://marcuslab.harvard.edu
Impact of increases in food prices on consumer welfare in Lesotho
Creators: name: Prifti, Ervin
name: Daidone, Silvio
name: Miguelez, Borja
name: Prifti, Ervin
name: Daidone, Silvio
name: Miguelez, Borja
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: AIDS
subject: food prices
subject: simulation
subject: cash transfers

description: During 2015 and 2016, Lesotho experienced a large increase in the price of cereals, the main staple food in the country. This has led to an erosion of purchasing power and to a decrease in the consumption of staple foods. For the study, we used a demand system to simulate the effects of an increase in the price of staple foods. We based our analysis on data collected for the evaluation of the Child Grants Programme, which offers unconditional cash transfers to poor households with orphans and vulnerable children. We estimated the necessary increase in total income that is needed to counter the impacts of the current price hike and to maintain households’ utility unchanged. In particular, every percentage increase in the price of cereals would need to be matched by a 0.4% increase in income. As for the possible policy measures, we suggest the country’s social protection system as the source for the extra income.
Quantum random number generator based on room-temperature single-photon emitter in gallium nitride
Creators: name: Luo, Qing
name: Cheng, Zedi
name: Fan, Junkai
name: Tan, Lijuan
name: Song, Haizhi
name: Deng, Guangwei
name: Wang, You
name: Zhou, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally demonstrate a real-time quantum random number generator by using a room-temperature single-photon emitter from the defect in a commercial gallium nitride wafer. Thanks to the brightness of our single photon emitter, the raw bit generation rate is ~1.8 MHz, and the unbiased bit generation rate is ~420 kHz after von Neumann's randomness extraction procedure. Our results show that commercial gallium nitride wafer has great potential for the development of integrated high-speed quantum random number generator devices.
description: 6 pages 4 figures
The effect of rainfall variability on sustainable wheat production under no-till farming systems in the Swartland region, South Africa
Creators: name: Crookes, D.
name: Strauss, J.
name: Blignaut, J.N.
name: Crookes, D.
name: Strauss, J.
name: Blignaut, J.N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: wheat
subject: Western Cape
subject: rainfall
subject: conservation agriculture
subject: rotation

description: Twenty years ago it was argued that rotational wheat production systems will reduce the economic risks to farmers and restore soil quality. Here we reflect on this assertion by analysing the evidence of a 12-year data window within a trial on a mixture of crop rotation systems at Langgewens Research Farm, South Africa. It was been found that production systems that include rotations with medics and/or medic-clover show some potential for improvement compared with wheat only, with a combination of the annual legume pasture with an added saltbush pasture showing the greatest improvement when taking into consideration the benefits from livestock production that are derived from pastures. Pastures are more resilient to changes in rainfall compared with wheat only. Planting pastures in alternate years also improves the yields from wheat, and this is beneficial in periods of low rainfall. Rotation systems on this farm that include lupin perform worse than the wheat-only model. Furthermore, when modelling the effect of drought on the system, the results of the multi- and rotation production systems actually improve.
Enhancing the Sustainability of Household Fe0/Sand Filters by Using Bimetallics and MnO2
Creators: name: Noubactep, Chicgoua
name: Caré, Sabine
name: Btatkeu K., Brice Donald
name: Nanseu-Njiki, Charles Péguy
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2011

description: Filtration systems containing metallic iron as reactive medium (Fe0 beds) have been intensively used for water treatment during the last two decades. The sustainability of Fe0 beds is severely confined by two major factors: (i) reactivity loss as result of the formation of an oxide scale on Fe0, and (ii) permeability loss due to pore filling by generated iron corrosion products. Both factors are inherent to iron corrosion at pH > 4.5 and are common during the lifespan of a Fe0 bed. It is of great practical significance to improve the performance of Fe0 beds by properly addressing these key factors. Recent studies have shown that both reactivity loss and permeability loss could be addressed by mixing Fe0 and inert materials. For a non porous additive like quartz, the threshold value for the Fe0 volumetric proportion is 51 %. Using the Fe0/quartz system as reference, this study theoretically discusses the possibility of (i) replacing Fe0 by bimetallic systems (e.g. Fe0/Cu0), or (ii) partially replacing quartz by a reactive metal oxide (MnO2 or TiO2) to improve the efficiency of Fe0 beds. Results confirmed the suitability of both tools for sustaining Fe0 bed performance. It is shown that using a Fe0:MnO2 system with the volumetric proportion 51:49 will yield a filter with 40 % residual porosity at Fe0 depletion (MnO2 porosity 62 %). This study improves Fe0 bed design and can be considered as a basis for further refinement and detailed research for efficient Fe0 filters.
Scale-free network on a vertical plane
Creators: name: Manna, S. S.
name: Mukherjee, G.
name: Sen, Parongama
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scale-free network is grown in the Euclidean space with a global directional bias. On a vertical plane, nodes are introduced at unit rate at randomly selected points and a node is allowed to be connected only to the subset of nodes which are below it using the attachment probability: $π_i(t) \sim k_i(t)\ell^α$. Our numerical results indicate that the directed scale-free network for $α=0$ belongs to a different universality class compared to the isotropic scale-free network. For $α< α_c$ the degree distribution is stretched exponential in general which takes a pure exponential form in the limit of $α\to -\infty$. The link length distribution is calculated analytically for all values of $α$.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Vlasov stability of the Hamiltonian Mean Field model
Creators: name: Anteneodo, Celia
name: Vallejos, Raul O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamical stability of a fully-coupled system of $N$ inertial rotators, the so-called Hamiltonian Mean Field model. In the limit $N \to \infty$, and after proper scaling of the interactions, the $μ$-space dynamics is governed by a Vlasov equation. We apply a nonlinear stability test to (i) a selected set of spatially homogeneous solutions of Vlasov equation, qualitatively similar to those observed in the quasi-stationary states arising from fully magnetized initial conditions, and (ii) numerical coarse-grained distributions of the finite-$N$ dynamics. Our results are consistent with previous numerical evidence of the disappearance of the homogenous quasi-stationary family below a certain energy.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures. Submitted as a contribution to the proceedings of the International Workshop on Trends and Perspectives on Extensive and Non-Extensive Statistical Mechanics, November, 19-21, 2003, Angra dos Reis, Brazil
Additional file 2 of Simultaneous detection of EGFR amplification and EGFRvIII variant using digital PCR-based method in glioblastoma
Creators: name: Fontanilles, Maxime
name: Marguet, Florent
name: Ruminy, Philippe
name: Basset, Carole
name: Noel, Adrien
name: Beaussire, Ludivine
name: Viennot, Mathieu
name: Pierre-Julien Viailly
name: Cassinari, Kevin
name: Chambon, Pascal
name: Richard, Doriane
name: Alexandru, Cristina
name: Tennevet, Isabelle
name: Langlois, Olivier
name: Fiore, Frédéric Di
name: Laquerrière, Annie
name: Clatot, Florian
name: Sarafan-Vasseur, Nasrin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Data. Results of LD-RT-PCR for EGFRvIII detection.
Diffusion of passive scalar in a finite-scale random flow
Creators: name: Schekochihin, A. A.
name: Haynes, P. H.
name: Cowley, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a solvable model of the decay of scalar variance in a single-scale random velocity field. We show that if there is a separation between the flow scale k_flow^{-1} and the box size k_box^{-1}, the decay rate lambda ~ (k_box/k_flow)^2 is determined by the turbulent diffusion of the box-scale mode. Exponential decay at the rate lambda is preceded by a transient powerlike decay (the total scalar variance ~ t^{-5/2} if the Corrsin invariant is zero, t^{-3/2} otherwise) that lasts a time t~1/λ. Spectra are sharply peaked at k=k_box. The box-scale peak acts as a slowly decaying source to a secondary peak at the flow scale. The variance spectrum at scales intermediate between the two peaks (k_box<0). The mixing of the flow-scale modes by the random flow produces, for the case of large Peclet number, a k^{-1+delta} spectrum at k>>k_flow, where delta ~ lambda is a small correction. Our solution thus elucidates the spectral make up of the ``strange mode,'' combining small-scale structure and a decay law set by the largest scales.
description: revtex4, 8 pages, 4 figures; final published version
Monophyly of the Porifera
Creators: name: Reitner, Joachim
name: Mehl, Dorte
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 1996

description: The monophyly of the Porifera is weil established. According to our hypothesis the Hexactinellida are the adelphotaxon of the Pinacophora (new taxon = Calcarea + Homoscleromorpha + Demospongiae). The Porifera are the adelphotaxon of the Eumetazoa/Placozoa. Sponge spicules are considered not to be a constituent character of the Porifera. Mineralized spicules developed independently within the three poriferan main taxa the Hexactinellida, Calcarea, and Demospongiae. Demospongian microscleres are not derived from megascleres in contrast to those of Hexactinellida. Accordingly, spicules probably developed several times within the Demospongiae. Remains of Porifera are known since the late Proterozoic.
Fig. S5. from Differential word expression analyses highlight plague dynamics during the second pandemic
Creators: name: Barbieri, Rémi
name: Nodari, Riccardo
name: Signoli, Michel
name: Epis, Sara
name: Raoult, Didier
name: Drancourt, Michel
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Word network representation for selected words from the Great Plague of Marseille (1720–1722). Association between words that have been classified into five selected categories: plague sources (red), dissemination (pink), plague origin (violet), plague consequences (green), and plague nature (light blue). Network generated with Gephi software based on the adjusted P values from the nested analysis (P adj<0.01).
Village savings and loan associations and household welfare: Evidence from Eastern and Western Zambia
Creators: name: Mwansakilwa, Chibamba
name: Tembo, Gelson
name: Zulu, Maureen Mwamba
name: Wamulume, Mukata
name: Mwansakilwa, Chibamba
name: Tembo, Gelson
name: Zulu, Maureen Mwamba
name: Wamulume, Mukata
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Financial Economics
subject: rural finance
subject: VSLAs
subject: welfare
subject: Zambia

description: This study uses propensity score matching (PSM) and data from Eastern and Western Zambia to estimate the impact of participation in village savings and loan associations (VSLAs) on consumption expenditure among rural households. As a proxy for welfare, consumption expenditure is often argued to be more reliable and less prone to under-reporting errors than income. The results indicate large positive and statistically significant consumption effects of participation in VSLAs. As much as 38% and 17% of total and per capita weekly household expenditure respectively can be attributed to participation in VSLA interventions. This is consistent with most prior studies and seems to suggest that, if properly designed and implemented, informal savings and lending initiatives equally have the capacity to contribute to rural poverty alleviation by facilitating access to affordable credit through savings.
Calibration of the Tip of the Red Giant Branch (TRGB)
Creators: name: Freedman, Wendy L.
name: Madore, Barry F.
name: Hoyt, Taylor
name: Jang, In Sung
name: Beaton, Rachael
name: Lee, Myung Gyoon
name: Monson, Andrew
name: Neeley, Jill
name: Rich, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Tip of the Red Giant (TRGB) method provides one of the most accurate and precise means of measuring the distances to nearby galaxies. Here we present a VIJHK absolute calibration of the TRGB based on observations of TRGB stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC),grounded on detached eclipsing binaries (DEBs). This paper presents a more detailed description of the method first presented in Freedman et al. (2019) for measuring corrections for the total line-of-sight extinction and reddening to the LMC. In this method, we use a differential comparison of the red giant population in the LMC, first with red giants in the Local Group galaxy, IC 1613, and then with those in the Small Magellanic Cloud. As a consistency check, we derive an independent calibration of the TRGB sequence using the SMC alone, invoking its geometric distance also calibrated by DEBs. An additional consistency check comes from near-infrared observations of Galactic globular clusters covering a wide range of metallicities. In all cases we find excellent agreement in the zero-point calibration. We then examine the recent claims by Yuan et al. (2019), demonstrating that, in the case of the SMC, they corrected for extinction alone while neglecting the essential correction for reddening as well. In the case of IC 1613, we show that their analysis contains an incorrect treatment of (over-correction for) metallicity. Using our revised (and direct) measurement of the LMC TRGB extinction, we find a value of Ho = 69.6 +/-0.8 (+/-1.1% stat) +/- 1.7 (+/-2.4% sys) km/s/Mpc.
description: 33 pages, 13 figures, accepted to the Astrophysical Journal February 4, 2020
Creation, doubling, and splitting, of vortices in intracavity second harmonic generation
Creators: name: Lim, O-K
name: Boland, B
name: Saffman, M
name: Krolikowski, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate generation and frequency doubling of unit charge vortices in a linear astigmatic resonator. Topological instability of the double charge harmonic vortices leads to well separated vortex cores that are shown to rotate, and become anisotropic, as the resonator is tuned across resonance.
Cold seep deposits of Beauvoisin (Oxfordian southeastern France) and Marmorito (Miocene northern Italy) Microbially induced authigenic carbonates
Creators: name: Peckmann, J.
name: Thiel, V.
name: Michaelis, W.
name: Clari, P.
name: Gaillard, C.
name: Martire, L.
name: Reitner, Joachim
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 1999

description: The relation of two well-known ancient carbonate deposits to hydrocarbon seepage was confirmed by this study. Archaea are found to be associated with the formation of Oxfordian seep carbonates from Beauvoisin and with a Miocene limestone from Marmorito ("tube-worm limestone"). Carbonates formed due to a mediation by archaea exhibit extremely positive or extremely negative 813Ccarbonate values, respectively. Highly positive values (+ 15%0) reflect the use of 13C-enriched CO2 produced by methanogenesis. Low 813C values of the Marmorito carbonates (-30%0) indicate the oxidation of seepagederived hydrocarbons. Likewise, the 813C content of specific tail-to-tail linked isoprenoids, biomarkers for archaea, was found to be strikingly depleted in these sampies (as low as -115%0). The isotopic signatures corroborate that archaea were involved in the cycling of seepage-derived organic carbon at the ancient localities. Another Miocene limestone ("Marmorito li mestone") shows a strong imprint of methanotrophic bacteria as indicated by 813C va lues of carbonate as low J. Peckmann (IEI) . J. Reitner Institut und Museum für Geologie und Paläontologie, Georg-August-Universität. Goldschmidtstrasse 3, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany e-mail: jpeckma@gwdg.de. Fax: + 49-551-397918 V. Thiel, W. Michaelis Institut für Biogeochemie und Meereschemie, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany P. Clari, L. Martire Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, via Accademia delle Scienze 5, 1-10123 Torino, Italy C. Gaillard UFR des Sciences de la Terre, UMR 5565 Centre de Paleontologie stratigraphique et Paleoecologie, Universite Claude Bemard, Lyon 1, 27-43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France as -40%0 and biomarker evidence. Epifluorescence microscopy and field-emission scanning electron microscopy revealed that bacterial biofilms were involved in carbonate aggregation. In addition to lucinid bivalves previously reported from both localities, we infer that sponges from Beauvoisin and tube worms from Marmorito depended on chemosynthesis as weil. Low 813C values of nodules related to sponge taphonomy (-27%0) indicate that sponges might have been Iinked to an enhanced hydrocarbon oxidation. Tube worm fossils from Marmorito closely resemble chemosynthetic pogonophoran tube worms from Recent cold seeps and are embedded in isotopically light carbonate (813C -300/00).
Ligophorus mugilinus
Creators: name: Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit
name: García-Prieto, Luis
name: León, Gerardo Pérez-Ponce De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Monogenea
Dactylogyridea
Dactylogyridae
Ligophorus
Ligophorus mugilinus

description: Ligophorus mugilinus (Hargis, 1955) *
 Pseudohaliotrema mugilinus Hargis, 1955: 33.
 Ligophorus mugilinus – Euzet & Suriano 1977: 808.
HOSTS. — Actinopterygii (gills).
 GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION. — Guerrero. Laguna de Coyuca: Mugil curema (Violante-González & Aguirre-Macedo 2007); Laguna de Tres Palos: M. curema (Violante-González et al. 2007).
 Sinaloa. Estero Teacapán, Estero Urias: M. curema (Fajer-Ávila et al. 2006).
SPECIMENS IN COLLECTIONS. — None.
REMARK
 The material of Fajer-Ávila et al. (2006) from Sinaloa was recorded as Haliotrema mugilinus, because these authors were not aware that Euzet & Suriano (1977) transferred it to the genus Ligophorus. All these records are doubtful because in accordance with Sarabeev et al. (2005), the distribution of L. mugilinus is restricted to the western Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico.
description: Published as part of Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit, García-Prieto, Luis & León, Gerardo Pérez-Ponce De, 2017, Checklist of the Monogenea (Platyhelminthes) parasitic in Mexican aquatic vertebrates, pp. 501-598 in Zoosystema 39 (4) on page 521, DOI: 10.5252/z2017n4a5, http://zenodo.org/record/4578694
Disentangling impacts of payment and provision consequentiality and risk attitudes on stated preferences
Creators: name: Zawojska, Ewa
name: Bartczak, Anna
name: Czajkowski, Mikotaj
name: Zawojska, Ewa
name: Bartczak, Anna
name: Czajkowski, Mikotaj
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: stated preferences
subject: discrete choice experiment
subject: policy consequentiality
subject: payment consequentiality
subject: risk attitudes
subject: renewable energy

description: Stated preference literature suggests that to be incentivised to reveal preferences truthfully in a survey, respondents need to believe that a response in favour of a policy project of providing a public good increases chances of actual provision of the good (policy consequentiality) and that the cost of conducing the policy project stated in a survey will be actually collected upon the policy implementation (payment consequentiality). We investigate the effects of the two aspects of consequentiality beliefs on stated preferences in a field survey concerning renewable energy development in Poland. Using a hybrid choice model to capture unobservable beliefs in consequentiality, we find that latent beliefs in policy consequentiality and in payment consequentiality affect stated preferences differently: respondents believing in policy consequentiality prefer the project implementation to the status quo more than those believing in payment consequentiality; respondents believing in payment consequentiality state significantly lower willingness to pay for the project than those believing in policy consequentiality. Respondents with no clear opinion on the degree of the survey’s consequentiality reveal substantially different preferences; they are much less interested in seeing the proposed project implemented. We also find that respondents’ risk attitudes do not impinge neither on their self-reported perceptions over the survey’s consequentiality nor on their preferences.
What is the value of rice fragrance? Consumer evidence from Senegal
Creators: name: Diagne, Mandiaye
name: Demont, Matty
name: Ndour, Maïmouna
name: Diagne, Mandiaye
name: Demont, Matty
name: Ndour, Maïmouna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: aromatic rice
subject: competitiveness
subject: framed field experiment
subject: value chain
subject: Africa

description: Urban demand for fragrant rice is increasing rapidly in Senegal, but little is known about the value of rice fragrance and the drivers of its demand. We conducted experimental auctions in Dakar to elicit urban consumers’ willingness to upgrade from non-fragrant to fragrant rice and their willingness to pay for domestic versus imported fragrant rice, and assessed the drivers of demand for rice fragrance through a double-hurdle model. The average value of rice fragrance is estimated to be around US$ 0.12 kg-1, as suggested by the 20% price premiums consumers are willing to pay on top of the price of non-fragrant rice. These price premiums further increase to 35% for consumers who express positive buying intentions towards domestic fragrant rice. The value of rice fragrance is found to be driven by factors such as ethnicity, household size, and awareness of fragrance and local fragrant rice.
Additional file 1 of Simultaneous detection of EGFR amplification and EGFRvIII variant using digital PCR-based method in glioblastoma
Creators: name: Fontanilles, Maxime
name: Marguet, Florent
name: Ruminy, Philippe
name: Basset, Carole
name: Noel, Adrien
name: Beaussire, Ludivine
name: Viennot, Mathieu
name: Pierre-Julien Viailly
name: Cassinari, Kevin
name: Chambon, Pascal
name: Richard, Doriane
name: Alexandru, Cristina
name: Tennevet, Isabelle
name: Langlois, Olivier
name: Fiore, Frédéric Di
name: Laquerrière, Annie
name: Clatot, Florian
name: Sarafan-Vasseur, Nasrin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table. Details of EGFR amplicons by NGS.
Fig. S1. from Differential word expression analyses highlight plague dynamics during the second pandemic
Creators: name: Barbieri, Rémi
name: Nodari, Riccardo
name: Signoli, Michel
name: Epis, Sara
name: Raoult, Didier
name: Drancourt, Michel
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Jaccard index analyses for French texts corpus (A) (plague related-texts and control texts) and for Italian texts corpus (B).
Designing Iron-Amended Biosand Filters for Decentralized Safe Drinking Water Provision
Creators: name: Noubactep, Chicgoua
name: Temgoua, Emile
name: Rahman, Mohammad A.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2012

description: There are ongoing efforts to render conventional biosand filters (BSF) more efficient for safe drinking water provision. One promising option is to amend BSF with a reactive layer containing metallic iron (Fe0). The present communication presents some conceptual options for efficient Fe0-amended BSF in its fourth generation. It is shown that a second fine-sand layer should be placed downwards from the Fe0-reactive layer to capture dissolved Fe. This second fine-sand layer could advantageously contain adsorbing materials (e.g. activated carbons, wooden charcoals). An approach for sizing the Fe0-reactive layer is suggested based on 3 kg Fe0 per filter. Working with the same Fe0 load will ease comparison of results with different materials and the scaling up of household BSF to large scale community slow sand filters (SSF).