cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantitative analysis of the Drosophila segmentation regulatory network using pattern generating potentials
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Animals
Binding Sites
Body Patterning
Computational Biology
Drosophila
Enhancer Elements, Genetic
Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
Gene Regulatory Networks
Insect Proteins
Models, Genetic
Protein Binding
Software
Transcription Factors

description: Cis-regulatory modules that drive precise spatial-temporal patterns of gene expression are central to the process of metazoan development. We describe a new computational strategy to annotate genomic sequences based on their "pattern generating potential" and to produce quantitative descriptions of transcriptional regulatory networks at the level of individual protein-module interactions. We use this approach to convert the qualitative understanding of interactions that regulate Drosophila segmentation into a network model in which a confidence value is associated with each transcription factor-module interaction. Sequence information from multiple Drosophila species is integrated with transcription factor binding specificities to determine conserved binding site frequencies across the genome. These binding site profiles are combined with transcription factor expression information to create a model to predict module activity patterns. This model is used to scan genomic sequences for the potential to generate all or part of the expression pattern of a nearby gene, obtained from available gene expression databases. Interactions between individual transcription factors and modules are inferred by a statistical method to quantify a factor's contribution to the module's pattern generating potential. We use these pattern generating potentials to systematically describe the location and function of known and novel cis-regulatory modules in the segmentation network, identifying many examples of modules predicted to have overlapping expression activities. Surprisingly, conserved transcription factor binding site frequencies were as effective as experimental measurements of occupancy in predicting module expression patterns or factor-module interactions. Thus, unlike previous module prediction methods, this method predicts not only the location of modules but also their spatial activity pattern and the factors that directly determine this pattern. As databases of transcription factor specificities and in vivo gene expression patterns grow, analysis of pattern generating potentials provides a general method to decode transcriptional regulatory sequences and networks. © 2010 Kazemian et al.
Three-boson stability for boosted interactions towards the zero-range limit
Creators: name: Mohseni, K.
name: Chaves, A. J.
name: da Costa, D. R.
name: Frederico, T.
name: Hadizadeh, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the three-boson bound-state mass and wave functions for ground and excited states within the three-body relativistic framework with Kamada and Glöcke boosted potentials in the limit of a zero-range interaction. We adopt a nonrelativistic short-range separable potential, with Yamaguchi and Gaussian form factors, and drive them towards the zero-range limit by letting the form factors' momentum scales go to large values while keeping the two-body binding fixed. We show that the three-boson relativistic masses and wave functions are model-independent towards the zero-range limit, and the Thomas collapse is avoided, while the nonrelativistic limit kept the Efimov effect. Furthermore, the stability in the zero-range limit is a result of the reduction of boosted potential with the increase of the virtual pair center of mass momentum within the three-boson system. Finally, we compare the present results with Light-Front and Euclidean calculations.
Flavour Condensates in Brane Models and Dark Energy
Creators: name: Mavromatos, Nick E.
name: Sarkar, Sarben
name: Tarantino, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of a microscopic model of string-inspired foam, in which foamy structures are provided by brany point-like defects (D-particles) in space-time, we discuss flavour mixing as a result of flavour non-preserving interactions of (low-energy) fermionic stringy matter excitations with the defects. Such interactions involve splitting and capture of the matter string state by the defect, and subsequent re-emission. Quantum fluctuations of the D-particles induce a non-trivial space-time background; in some circumstances this could be akin to a cosmological Friedman-Robertson Walker expanding-Universe, with weak (but non-zero) particle production. Furthermore the D-particle medium can induce an MSW type effect. We have argued previously, in the context of bosons, that the so-called flavour vacuum is the appropriate state to be used, at least for low-energy excitations, with energies/momenta up to a dynamically determined cutoff scale. In this work we evaluate the flavour-vacuum expectation value (condensate) of the stress-energy tensor of the (1/2)-spin fields with mixing in an effective low-energy Quantum Field Theory in this foam-induced curved space-time. We demonstrate, at late epochs of the Universe, that the fermionic vacuum condensate behaves as a fluid with negative pressure and positive energy, but alone it cannot lead to present-day accelerating Universes. One needs flavoured boson contributions for this purpose.
description: 19 pages revtex, three eps figures incorporated
Elevated Evolutionary Rates among Functionally Diverged Reproductive Genes across Deep Vertebrate Lineages
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 0604 Genetics
subject: 0608 Zoology
subject: 0603 Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biomedical
subject: Basic Science
subject: Contraception/Reproduction
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Reproductive Health and Childbirth

description: Among closely related taxa, proteins involved in reproduction generally evolve more rapidly than other proteins. Here, we apply a functional and comparative genomics approach to compare functional divergence across a deep phylogenetic array of egg-laying and live-bearing vertebrate taxa. We aligned and annotated a set of 4,986 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 orthologs in Anolis carolinensis (green lizard), Danio rerio (zebrafish), Xenopus tropicalis (frog), Gallus gallus (chicken), and Mus musculus (mouse) according to function using ESTs from available reproductive (including testis and ovary) and non-reproductive tissues as well as Gene Ontology. For each species lineage, genes were further classified as tissue-specific (found in a single tissue) or tissue-expressed (found in multiple tissues). Within independent vertebrate lineages, we generally find that gonadal-specific genes evolve at a faster rate than gonadal-expressed genes and significantly faster than non-reproductive genes. Among the gonadal set, testis genes are generally more diverged than ovary genes. Surprisingly, an opposite but nonsignificant pattern is found among the subset of orthologs that remained functionally conserved across all five lineages. These contrasting evolutionary patterns found between functionally diverged and functionally conserved reproductive orthologs provide evidence for pervasive and potentially cryptic lineage-specific selective processes on ancestral reproductive systems in vertebrates.
A Gravitational Wave Detector for Post Merger Neutron Stars: Beyond the Quantum Loss Limit of Michelson Fabry Perot Interferometer
Creators: name: Zhang, Teng
name: Yang, Huan
name: Martynov, Denis
name: Schmidt, Patricia
name: Miao, Haixing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advanced gravitational-wave detectors that have made groundbreaking discoveries are Michelson interferometers with resonating optical cavities as their arms. As light travels at finite speed, these cavities are optimal for enhancing signals at frequencies below their bandwidth frequency. A small amount of optical loss will, however, significantly impact the high-frequency signals which are not optimally amplified. We find an elegant interferometer configuration with an "L-resonator" as the core, significantly surpassing the loss limited sensitivity of dual recycled Fabry Perot Michelson interferometers at high frequencies. Following this concept, we provide a broadband design of a 25 km detector with outstanding sensitivity between 2-4 kHz. We have performed Monte-Carlo population studies of binary neutron star mergers, given the most recent merger rate from the GWTC-3 catalog and several representative neutron star equations of state. We find that the new interferometer configuration significantly outperforms other third-generation detectors by a factor of 3 to 7 in the signal-to-noise ratio of the post-merger signal. Assuming a detection threshold with signal-to-noise ratio >5 and for the cases we have explored, the new design is the only detector that confidently achieves a detection rate larger than one per year, with the rate being 1 to 30 events per year.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Living with prostate cancer: Randomised controlled trial of a multimodal supportive care intervention for men with prostate cancer
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Adaptation, Psychological
Combined Modality Therapy
Exercise
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Male
Prostatic Neoplasms
Quality of Life
Self Care
Social Support
Surveys and Questionnaires
Treatment Outcome

description: Background: Prostate cancer is the most common male cancer in developed countries and diagnosis and treatment carries with it substantial morbidity and related unmet supportive care needs. These difficulties may be amplified by physical inactivity and obesity. We propose to apply a multimodal intervention approach that targets both unmet supportive care needs and physical activity.Methods/design: A two arm randomised controlled trial will compare usual care to a multimodal supportive care intervention "Living with Prostate Cancer" that will combine self-management with tele-based group peer support. A series of previously validated and reliable self-report measures will be administered to men at four time points: baseline/recruitment (when men are approximately 3-6 months post-diagnosis) and at 3, 6, and 12 months after recruitment and intervention commencement. Social constraints, social support, self-efficacy, group cohesion and therapeutic alliance will be included as potential moderators/mediators of intervention effect. Primary outcomes are unmet supportive care needs and physical activity levels. Secondary outcomes are domain-specific and health-related quality of life (QoL); psychological distress; benefit finding; body mass index and waist circumference. Disease variables (e.g. cancer grade, stage) will be assessed through medical and cancer registry records. An economic evaluation will be conducted alongside the randomised trial.Discussion: This study will address a critical but as yet unanswered research question: to identify a population-based way to reduce unmet supportive care needs; promote regular physical activity; and improve disease-specific and health-related QoL for prostate cancer survivors. The study will also determine the cost-effectiveness of the intervention.Trial Registration: ACTRN12611000392965. © 2011 Chambers et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНЫЕ ИНВЕСТИЦИОННЫЕ СЧЕТА: НОВЫЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ ДЛЯ ЧАСТНЫХ ИНВЕСТОРОВ
Creators: name: Омонова, Дурдона
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В условиях современного финансового рынка индивидуальные инвестиционные счета (ИИС) становятся важным инструментом для частных инвесторов, стремящихся к эффективному управлению своими активами. Данная статья рассматривает преимущества ИИС, их влияние на инвестиционную культуру населения и потенциальные риски, связанные с использованием этого инструмента. Анализируя действующее законодательство и успешные практики, мы подчеркиваем значимость ИИС для формирования долгосрочных накоплений и повышения финансовой грамотности граждан.
The hard to soft spectral transition in LMXBs - affected by recondensation of gas into an inner disk
Creators: name: Meyer-Hofmeister, E.
name: Liu, B. F.
name: Meyer, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft and hard spectral states of X-ray transient sources reflect two modes of accretion, accretion via a geometrically thin, optically thick disk or an advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF). The luminosity at transition between these two states seems to vary from source to source, or even for the same source during different outbursts, as observed for GX 339-4. We investigate how the existence of an inner weak disk in the hard state affects the transition luminosity. We evaluate the structure of the corona above an outer truncated disk and the resulting disk evaporation rate for different irradiation. In some cases, recent observations of X-ray transients indicate the presence of an inner cool disk during the hard state. Such a disk can remain during quiescence after the last outburst as long as the luminosity does not drop to very low values (10^-4 to 10^-3 of the Eddington luminosity). Consequently, as part of the matter accretes via the inner disk, the hard irradiation is reduced. The hard irradiation is further reduced, occulted and partly reflected by the inner disk. This leads to a hard-soft transition at a lower luminosity if an inner disk exists below the ADAF. This seems to be supported by observations for GX 339-4.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Evolution of circumbinary accretion disk around supermassive binary black hole: post-Newtonian hydrodynamics versus Newtonian hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Liu, Wenshuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of accretion disk around a supermassive binary black hole with equal mass using non-relativistic hydrodynamical simulations performed with FARGO3D. Compared with previous studies with the Newtonian hydrodynamics, here, we adopt the post-Newtonian hydrodynamics using the near zone metric of the binary black hole. In contrast to the Newtonian investigation, we find that there is a dramatic difference in the post-Newtonian regime, gap formed by the circumbinary accretion disk around the binary with equal mass is wider with the post-Newtonian hydrodynamics than that with the Newtonian hydrodynamics and is independent of disk viscosity given that hydrodynamical simulations are run for about the same factor times the viscous timescale associated with different viscosities. This may present unique observable signatures of the continuum emission in such binary-disk system.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures. Published in MNRAS
Biomimetica per l'ingegneria tissutale dell'osso
Creators: name: Devescovi, Valentina <1975>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2008
Subjects: MED/33 Malattie apparato locomotore

description: Reconstruction of bone is needed for high bone loss due to congenital deformities,
trauma or neoplastic diseases. Commonly, orthopaedic surgical treatments are
autologus or allogenic bone implant or prosthetic implant. A choice to the traditional
approaches could be represented by tissue engineering that use cells (and/or their
products) and innovative biomaterials to perform bone substitutes biologically active
as an alternative to artificial devices. In the last years, there was a wide improvement
in biology on stem cells potential research and in biomedical engineering through
development of new biomaterials designed to resemble the physiological tissues.
Tissue engineering strategies and smart materials aim together to stimulate in vivo
bone regeneration. This approaches drive at restore not only structure integrity and/or
function of the original tissue, but also to induce new tissue deposition in situ. An
intelligent bone substitute is now designed like not only a scaffold but also as carrier
of regeneration biomolecular signals. Biomimetics has helped to project new tissue
engineered devices to simulate the physiological substrates architecture, such
extracellular matrix (ECM), and molecular signals that drive the integration at the
interface between pre-existing tissue and scaffold. Biomimetic strategies want to
increase the material surface biological activity with physical modifications
(topography) o chemical ones (adhesive peptides), to improve cell adhesion to
material surface and possibly scaffold colonization.
This study evaluated the effects of biomimetic modifications of surgical materials
surface, as poly-caprolattone (PCL) and titanium on bone stem cells behaviour in a
marrow experimental model in vitro. Two biomimetic strategies were analyzed; ione
beam irradiation, that changes the surface roughness at the nanoscale, and surface
functionalization with specific adhesive peptides or Self Assembled Monolayers
(SAMs). These new concept could be a mean to improve the early (cell adhesion,
spreading..) and late phases (osteoblast differentiation) of cell/substrate interactions.
Quantum scars in spin-1/2 isotropic Heisenberg clusters
Creators: name: Zhang, G.
name: Song, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of the external fields on the statistics of energy levels and towers of eigenstates in spin-1/2 isotropic Heisenberg clusters, including chain, ladder, square and triangular lattices. In the presence of uniform field in one direction, the SU(2) symmetry of the system allows that almost whole spectrum consists of a large number of towers with identical level spacing. Exact diagonalization on finite clusters shows that random transverse fields in other two directions drive the level statistics from Poisson to Wigner-Dyson distributions with different values of mean level spacing ratio, indicating the transition from integrability to non-integrability. However, for the three types of clusters, it is found that the largest tower still hold approximately even the symmetry is broken, resulting to a quantum scar. Remarkably, the non-thermalized states cover the Greenberger-Horn-Zeilinger and W states, which maintain the feature of revival while a Neel state decays fast in the dynamic processes. In addition, some dynamic schemes for experimental detection are proposed. Our finding reveals the possibility of quantum information processing that is immune to the thermalization in finite size quantum spin clusters.
4H silicon carbide particle detectors: study of the defects induced by high energy neutron irradiation
Creators: name: Fabbri, Filippo <1979>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2008
Subjects: FIS/03 Fisica della materia

description: During the last decade advances in the field of sensor design and improved base materials have
pushed the radiation hardness of the current silicon detector technology to impressive performance.
It should allow operation of the tracking systems of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments
at nominal luminosity (1034
cm-2s-1) for about 10 years. The current silicon detectors are unable to
cope with such an environment. Silicon carbide (SiC), which has recently been recognized as
potentially radiation hard, is now studied. In this work it was analyzed the effect of high energy
neutron irradiation on 4H-SiC particle detectors. Schottky and junction particle detectors were
irradiated with 1 MeV neutrons up to fluence of 1016
cm-2. It is well known that the degradation of
the detectors with irradiation, independently of the structure used for their realization, is caused by
lattice defects, like creation of point-like defect, dopant deactivation and dead layer formation and
that a crucial aspect for the understanding of the defect kinetics at a microscopic level is the correct
identification of the crystal defects in terms of their electrical activity. In order to clarify the defect
kinetic it were carried out a thermal transient spectroscopy (DLTS and PICTS) analysis of different
samples irradiated at increasing fluences. The defect evolution was correlated with the transport
properties of the irradiated detector, always comparing with the un-irradiated one. The charge
collection efficiency degradation of Schottky detectors induced by neutron irradiation was related to
the increasing concentration of defects as function of the neutron fluence.
Information transmission in trigeminal afferents from teeth
Creators: name: Farnsworth, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this study was to measure the rate at which information is transmitted by periodontal mechanosensitive neurons. In addition, an attempt was made to develop a quantitative means for expressing their responsiveness, or sensitivity. The experiments were carried out on cats anaesthetized with sodium pentobarbital. The canine teeth were stimulated with computer-controlled forces, and the response of single first-order axons supplying the periodontal mechano-receptors were recorded following microdissection of the inferior dental nerve. Thirty mechanosensitive units, selected from twelve animals, were used in the study. For fifteen of these units a stimulus uncertainty of 5 bits, a stimulus duration of 500 msec, and an inter-stimulus interval of 500 msec was employed. Under these conditions, the mean channel capacity was found to be 3.2 bits/ stimulus ± S.E. = 0.09. The channel capacity for the other fifteen mechanosensitive units was measured using a 7 bit/stimulus uncertainty. This increased the channel capacity to a mean of 3.77 bits/stimulus, S.E. =± .14. It was found that this calculated rate of information transmission could be further significantly increased (P.> 0.0001) to 4.33 bits/stimulus, S.E. = ± 0.11, by treating the data so as to prevent aver-sampling of parts of the response.- .When the outputs of seven neurons innervating a single tooth were pooled, the maximum rate of information transmission for the group as a whole was found to be 6.84 bits/ stimulus. Comparison of the pooled data with the results of psychophysical experiments suggests that the rates of encoding of information in primary afferents far exceeded the ability of the CNS to receive such data. A computational method for the measurement of the sensitivity of the neurons was also developed. It is proposed that the sensitivity, or responsiveness, of neurons can be measured properly only by the use of information theory, and that it depends upon the particular method of coding chosen by the experimenter.
Gamow shell model description of the radiative capture reaction $^8$B$(p,γ)$$^9$C
Creators: name: Dong, G. X.
name: Wang, X. B.
name: Michel, N.
name: Płoszajczak, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In low metallicity supermassive stars, the hot $pp$ chain can serve as an alternative way to produce the CNO nuclei. In the astrophysical environment of high temperature, the proton capture of $^8$B can be faster than its beta decay, thus $^8$B$(p,γ)$$^9$C reaction plays an important role in the hot $pp$ chain. Due to the unstable nature of $^8$B and the lack of the $^8$B beam, the measurement of $^8$B$(p,γ)$$^9$C reaction can only be achieved by the indirect method, and large uncertainties exist. The Gamow shell model in the coupled-channel representation (GSM-CC) is applied to study the proton radiative capture reaction $^8$B$(p,γ)$$^9$C. For the calculation of the $^8$B$(p,γ)$$^9$C astrophysical factors, all E1, M1, and E2 transitions from the initial continuum states to the final bound states ${3/2}_1^-$of $^9$C are considered. The resonant capture to the first resonant state ${1/2}_1^-$ of $^{9}$C is also calculated. The experimental low-energy levels and the proton emission threshold in $^9$C are reproduced by the GSM-CC. The calculated astrophysical factors agrees with the existed experimental data from the indirect measurements. The reaction rates from the direct capture and resonant capture are calculated for the temperature range of astrophysical interest. The calculated total astrophysical $S$ factor is dominated by the E1 transition to the ground state of $^9$C. The GSM-CC calculations suggest that $S$ first increase with the energy of the center of mass $E_{\rm c.m.}$, and then decrease with the energy. This agrees with the existing data, which has smaller values at around zero energy and larger value in the energy range of 0.2 MeV $\leq E_{\rm c.m.} \leq$ 0.6 MeV.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
title: Heridas por asta de toro: guía rápida de abordaje
Creators: name: Gijón de la Santa, Luis
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Trauma
subject: Emergency

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Realizar una revisión por imagen de los tipos de herida causados por asta de...
title: Central de Imagen Médica: Una nueva organización de la actividad entre Servicios de Diagnóstico de Imagen Médica
Creators: name: García Comesaña, Julio
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Technical aspects
subject: Computer Applications-Teleradiology
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: RIS
subject: PACS
subject: eHealth
subject: Management
subject: Computer applications

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
El presente proyecto denominado Central de Imagen Médica (CIM) está incluido en el convenido de innovación "Innova Saúde" confinanciados en un 80% por fondos FEDER-Fondo Tecnológico en el Servizo Galego de Saúde . El proyecto tiene como...
Racial differences in the responses to shear stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2011
Subjects: African American
HUVECs
NADPH oxidase
oxidative stress
shear stress
African Americans
Biomarkers
Catalase
Cell Culture Techniques
Cells, Cultured
European Continental Ancestry Group
Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
Humans
NADPH Oxidases
Nitric Oxide
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
Oxidative Stress
Stress, Mechanical
Superoxide Dismutase

description: Background: African American ethnicity is an independent risk factor for exaggerated oxidative stress, which is related to inflammation, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Recently, we reported that in vitro oxidative stress and inflammation levels differ between African American and Caucasian human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), African American HUVECs having higher levels of both. However, it remains to be shown whether the cells would respond differently to external stimuli. Methods: We used a cone and plate viscometer to apply laminar shear stress (LSS) as an aerobic exercise mimetic to compare the responses by race. HUVECs were exposed to static conditions (no LSS), low LSS (5 dyne/cm2), and moderate LSS (20 dyne/cm2). Results: It was found that African American HUVECs had higher levels of oxidative stress under static conditions, and when LSS was applied protein expression levels (NADPH oxidase NOX2, NOX4 and p47phox subunits, eNOS, SOD2, and catalase) and biomarkers (NO, SOD, and total antioxidant capacity) were modulated to similar levels between race. Conclusion: African American HUVECs may be more responsive to LSS stimulus indicating that aerobic exercise prescriptions may be valuable for this population since the potential exists for large in vivo improvements in oxidative stress levels along the endothelial layer in response to increased shear flow. © 2011 Feairheller et al, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd.
Semi-Supervised Semantic Segmentation Methods for UW-OCTA Diabetic Retinopathy Grade Assessment
Creators: name: Tan, Zhuoyi
name: Madzin, Hizmawati
name: Ding, Zeyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: People with diabetes are more likely to develop diabetic retinopathy (DR) than healthy people. However, DR is the leading cause of blindness. At present, the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy mainly relies on the experienced clinician to recognize the fine features in color fundus images. This is a time-consuming task. Therefore, in this paper, to promote the development of UW-OCTA DR automatic detection, we propose a novel semi-supervised semantic segmentation method for UW-OCTA DR image grade assessment. This method, first, uses the MAE algorithm to perform semi-supervised pre-training on the UW-OCTA DR grade assessment dataset to mine the supervised information in the UW-OCTA images, thereby alleviating the need for labeled data. Secondly, to more fully mine the lesion features of each region in the UW-OCTA image, this paper constructs a cross-algorithm ensemble DR tissue segmentation algorithm by deploying three algorithms with different visual feature processing strategies. The algorithm contains three sub-algorithms, namely pre-trained MAE, ConvNeXt, and SegFormer. Based on the initials of these three sub-algorithms, the algorithm can be named MCS-DRNet. Finally, we use the MCS-DRNet algorithm as an inspector to check and revise the results of the preliminary evaluation of the DR grade evaluation algorithm. The experimental results show that the mean dice similarity coefficient of MCS-DRNet v1 and v2 are 0.5161 and 0.5544, respectively. The quadratic weighted kappa of the DR grading evaluation is 0.7559. Our code will be released soon.
Including many-body effects into the Wannier-interpolated quadratic photoresponse tensor
Creators: name: Garcia-Goiricelaya, Peio
name: Krishna, Jyoti
name: Ibañez-Azpiroz, Julen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first-principles scheme for incorporating many-body interactions into the unified description of the quadratic optical response to light of noncentrosymmetric crystals. The proposed method is based on time-dependent current-density response theory and includes the electron-hole attraction \textit{via} a tensorial long-range exchange-correlation kernel, which we calculate self-consistently using the bootstrap method. By bridging with the Wannier-interpolation of the independent-particle transition matrix elements, the resulting numerical scheme is very general and allows resolving narrow many-body spectral features at low computational cost. We showcase its potential by inspecting the second-harmonic generation in the benchmark zinc-blende semiconductor GaAs, the layered graphitic semiconductor BC$_{2}$N and the Weyl semimetal TaAs. Our results show that excitonic effects can give rise to large and sharply localized one- and two-photon resonances that are absent in the independent-particle approximation. We find overall good agreement with available experimental measurements, capturing the magnitude and peak-structure of the spectrum as well as the angular dependence at fixed photon energy. The implementation of the method in Wannier-based code packages can serve as a basis for performing accurate theoretical predictions of quadratic optical properties in a vast pool of materials.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Spintronic thermal management
Creators: name: Uchida, Ken-ichi
name: Iguchi, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In spin caloritronics, a branch of spintronics, the spin degree of freedom is exploited for thermoelectric conversion and thermal transport. Since the inception of spin caloritronics, many experimental and theoretical studies have focused on clarifying the fundamental physics of the heat-to-spin and heat-to-charge current conversion phenomena in magnetic materials and magnetic hybrid structures, such as the spin Seebeck and anomalous Nernst effects. While research on these phenomena is progressing, there are also many spin-caloritronic phenomena that output heat currents. The observations of such phenomena have recently been accomplished through cutting-edge heat detection techniques. The recent developments in spin caloritronics have revealed that the generation, conversion, and transport of heat can be actively controlled by spins and/or magnetism. In this review article, we propose a new concept called spintronic thermal management. With proof-of-concept demonstrations, we introduce the basic principles, behaviors, measurement methods, and heat control functionalities of spin-caloritronic phenomena and discuss potential applications of spintronic thermal management.
description: 38 pages, 22 figures, 1 table
Management of Chlamydia trachomatis genital tract infection: Screening and treatment challenges
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Chlamydia trachomatis
chlamydia screening
chlamydia treatment
sexually transmitted disease

description: Chlamydia trachomatis is a prevalent sexually transmitted infection that can lead to serious reproductive morbidity. Management and control of C. trachomatis is a challenge, largely due to its asymptomatic nature and our incomplete understanding of its natural history. Although chlamydia screening programs have been implemented worldwide, several countries have observed increasing rates of reported chlamydia cases. We reviewed the literature relating to the long-term complications of C. trachomatis, as well as screening strategies, treatment, and prevention strategies for reducing chlamydia in the population. Articles from 1950-2010 were identified through a Medline search using the keyword "Chlamydia trachomatis" combined with "screening", "pelvic inflammatory disease", "endometritis", "salpingitis", "infertility", "ectopic pregnancy", "urethritis", "epididymitis", "proctitis", "prostatitis", "reinfection", "cost- effectiveness", "treatment", "vaccines", or "prevention". Progression of C. trachomatis varies, and recurrent infections are common. Currently, there is limited evidence on the effectiveness of chlamydia screening. Higher quality studies are needed to determine the efficacy of more frequent screening, on a broader range of sequelae, including infertility and ectopic pregnancy, in addition to pelvic inflammatory disease. Studies should focus on delineating the natural history of recurrent infections, paying particular attention to treatment failures. Furthermore, alternatives to screening, such as vaccines, should continue to be explored. © 2011 Taylor and Haggerty, publisher and licensee Dove Medical Press Ltd.
Relative asymptotic oscillations of the out-of-time-ordered correlator as a quantum chaos indicator
Creators: name: Novotný, Jakub
name: Stránský, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A detailed numerical study reveals that the asymptotic values of the standard deviation-to-mean ratio of the out-of-time-ordered correlator can be successfully used as a measure of the quantum chaoticity of the system. We employ a finite-size fully connected quantum system with two degrees of freedom, namely the algebraic u(3) model, and demonstrate a clear correspondence between the relative oscillations of the correlators and the ratio of the chaotic part of the volume of phase space in the classical limit of the system. We also show how the relative oscillations scale with the system size and conjecture that the scaling exponent can also serve as a robust chaos indicator.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
title: Revisión de los  hallazgos radiológicos asociados a la espondilólisis
Creators: name: Stroe, Alin
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Digital radiography
subject: MR
subject: Education

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Valorar los hallazgos radiológicos asociados a la espondilólisis con afectación del segmento inferior de la columna lumbar mediante resonancia...
title: Condromatosis sinovial- espectro de hallazgos por imagen
Creators: name: Stroe, Alin
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: MR
subject: Digital radiography

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Objetivos: Revisar los hallazgos radiológicos de la condromatosis sinovial,
seleccionándose las imágenes más...
A novel dual signaling axis for NSP 5a3a induced apoptosis in head and neck carcinoma
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2011
Subjects: NSP 5a3a
Head and Neck Carcinoma
TNFR-1 signaling pathway

description: NSP 5a3a is a novel structural protein found to be over-expressed in certain cancer cell lines in-vitro such as Hela, Saos-2, and MCF-7 while barely detectable levels in normal body tissues except for Testis. This particular isoform has been known to interact with cyto- nuclear proteins B23, known to be involved in multi-faceted cellular processes such as cell division, apoptosis, ribosome biogenesis, and rRNA processing, as well as with hnRNP-L, known to be involved with RNA metabolism and rRNA processing. A previous preliminary investigation of NSP 5a3a as a potential target in Head and Neck Carcinoma revealed a novel p73 dependent mechanism through which NSP 5a3a induced apoptosis in Head and Neck cell lines when overexpressed in-vitro. Our present investigation further elucidated a novel dual axis signaling point by which NSP 5a3a induces apoptosis in Head and Neck cell line HN30 through p73-DAXX and TRAF2-TRADD. Interestingly, this novel mechanism appears independent of canonical caspases involved in the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway as well as those in the death receptor pathway thru TRAF2 and TRADD. © D'Agostino et al.
Negative index of refraction, perfect lenses and transformation optics -- some words of caution
Creators: name: Bergamin, Luzi
name: Favaro, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we show that a negative index of refraction is not a direct implication of transformation optics with orientation-reversing diffeomorphisms. Rather a negative index appears due to a specific choice of sign freedom. Furthermore, we point out that the transformation designed lens, which relies on the concept of spacetime folding, does not amplify evanescent modes, in contrast to the Pendry-Veselago lens. Instead, evanescent modes at the image point are produced by a duplicated source and thus no imaging of the near field (perfect lensing) takes place.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX
CodonTest: Modeling amino acid substitution preferences in coding sequences
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Algorithms
Amino Acid Substitution
Codon
Computer Simulation
DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase
Evolution, Molecular
HIV-1
Hemagglutinins
Humans
Markov Chains
Models, Genetic
Sequence Alignment

description: Codon models of evolution have facilitated the interpretation of selective forces operating on genomes. These models, however, assume a single rate of non-synonymous substitution irrespective of the nature of amino acids being exchanged. Recent developments have shown that models which allow for amino acid pairs to have independent rates of substitution offer improved fit over single rate models. However, these approaches have been limited by the necessity for large alignments in their estimation. An alternative approach is to assume that substitution rates between amino acid pairs can be subdivided into K rate classes, dependent on the information content of the alignment. However, given the combinatorially large number of such models, an efficient model search strategy is needed. Here we develop a Genetic Algorithm (GA) method for the estimation of such models. A GA is used to assign amino acid substitution pairs to a series of K rate classes, where K is estimated from the alignment. Other parameters of the phylogenetic Markov model, including substitution rates, character frequencies and branch lengths are estimated using standard maximum likelihood optimization procedures. We apply the GA to empirical alignments and show improved model fit over existing models of codon evolution. Our results suggest that current models are poor approximations of protein evolution and thus gene and organism specific multi-rate models that incorporate amino acid substitution biases are preferred. We further anticipate that the clustering of amino acid substitution rates into classes will be biologically informative, such that genes with similar functions exhibit similar clustering, and hence this clustering will be useful for the evolutionary fingerprinting of genes. © 2010 Delport et al.
Nucleus accumbens mediates relative motivation for rewards in the absence of choice
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2011
Subjects: anticipation
fMRI
insula
motivation
nucleus accumbens
reward

description: To dissociate a choice from its antecedent neural states, motivation associated with the expected outcome must be captured in the absence of choice. Yet, the neural mechanisms that mediate behavioral idiosyncrasies in motivation, particularly with regard to complex economic preferences, are rarely examined in situations without overt decisions. We employed functional magnetic resonance imaging in a large sample of participants while they anticipated earning rewards from two different modalities: monetary and candy rewards. An index for relative motivation toward different reward types was constructed using reaction times to the target for earning rewards. Activation in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and anterior insula (aINS) predicted individual variation in relative motivation between our reward modalities. NAcc activation, however, mediated the effects of aINS, indicating the NAcc is the likely source of this relative weighting. These results demonstrate that neural idiosyncrasies in reward efficacy exist even in the absence of explicit choices, and extend the role of NAcc as a critical brain region for such choice-free motivation. © 2011 Clithero, Reeck, Carter, Smith and Huettel.
title: Fístulas genitourinarias en radiología simple y ecografía
Creators: name: Perez Mila Montalban, Rocio
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fistula
subject: Cystography / Uretrography
subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Abdomen

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
- Definición de fístula.
Nombrar los tipos más frecuentes y su etiología. - Revisar la importancia de los métodos de imagen en el diagnóstico de las fístulas urogenitales. - Mostrar ejemplos de esta patología con imágenes...
title: Correlación de imagen PET con RM de perfusión (ASL) y tensor de difusión en displasias corticales focales
Creators: name: Sarria Estrada, Silvana  Isabel
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Nuclear medicine
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: PET
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Seizure disorders

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
Describir las alteraciones de ASL y DTI asociadas a displasias corticales focales y compararlas con los hallazgos de...
Salt-based autopeering for DLT-networks
Creators: name: Müller, Sebastian
name: Capossele, Angelo
name: Kuśmierz, Bartosz
name: Lin, Vivian
name: Moog, Hans
name: Penzkofer, Andreas
name: Saa, Olivia
name: Sanders, William
name: Welz, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The security of any Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) depends on the safety of the network layer. Much effort has been put into understanding the consensus layer of DLTs. However, many network layer designs seem ad-hoc and lack a careful analysis of the influence of the design decisions on the whole DLT system. We propose a salt-based automated neighbor selection protocol that shows the inherent tradeoffs of certain design decisions and allows a quantitative treatment of some network topology requirements. This example may serve as a design framework and facilitate future research. We provide a selection of results from simulations to highlight some tradeoffs in the design decisions.
description: 4 pages
Rotation and vibration of diatomic molecule in the spatially-dependent mass Schrodinger equation with generalized q-deformed Morse potential
Creators: name: Ikhdair, Sameer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analytic solutions of the spatially-dependent mass Schrodinger equation of diatomic molecules with the centrifugal term l(l+1)/r2 for the generalized q-deformed Morse potential are obtained approximately by means of a parametric generalization of the Nikiforov-Uvarov (NU) method combined with the Pekeris approximation scheme. The energy eigenvalues and the corresponding normalized radial wave functions are calculated in closed form with a physically motivated choice of a reciprocal Morse-like mass function, m(r)=m0/(1-deltae^{-a(r-r_{e})})2, 0
description: 26 pages
Computational methods for Bayesian model choice
Creators: name: Robert, Christian P.
name: Wraith, Darren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this note, we shortly survey some recent approaches on the approximation of the Bayes factor used in Bayesian hypothesis testing and in Bayesian model choice. In particular, we reassess importance sampling, harmonic mean sampling, and nested sampling from a unified perspective.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, submitted to the proceedings of MaxEnt 2009, July 05-10, 2009, to be published by the American Institute of Physics