cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Highly Efficient and Solvent-Free Approach for the Synthesis of Quinolines and Fused Polycyclic Quinolines Catalyzed by Magnetite Nanoparticle-Supported Acidic Ionic Liquid
Creators: name: Dadhania, Harsh
name: Raval, Dipak
name: Abhishek Dadhania
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Magnetite nanoparticle-supported ionic liquid (IL@Fe3O4) catalysts with varying anions were synthesized via step-wise functionalization of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. They were characterized through various analytical techniques like X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray. Catalytic efficiency of the synthesized catalysts was evaluated through their utilization in the synthesis of biologically active substituted quinoline and fused polycyclic quinoline derivatives. The effect of varying anion on acidity of the catalyst was discussed and the mechanism has been proposed. The IL-1@Fe3O4 with acetate ion was found as a potential catalyst for the Friedlander reaction and gave excellent isolated yield of the targeted products under mild reaction condition. Facile catalyst separation through external magnet and its reusability up to six reaction cycles made the process environmentally benign.
Une plate-forme dynamique pour l'évaluation des performances des bases de données à objets
Creators: name: He, Zhen
name: Darmont, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In object-oriented or object-relational databases such as multimedia databases or most XML databases, access patterns are not static, i.e., applications do not always access the same objects in the same order repeatedly. However, this has been the way these databases and associated optimisation techniques such as clustering have been evaluated up to now. This paper opens up research regarding this issue by proposing a dynamic object evaluation framework (DOEF). DOEF accomplishes access pattern change by defining configurable styles of change. It is a preliminary prototype that has been designed to be open and fully extensible. Though originally designed for the object-oriented model, it can also be used within the object-relational model with few adaptations. Furthermore, new access pattern change models can be added too. To illustrate the capabilities of DOEF, we conducted two different sets of experiments. In the first set of experiments, we used DOEF to compare the performances of four state of the art dynamic clustering algorithms. The results show that DOEF is effective at determining the adaptability of each dynamic clustering algorithm to changes in access pattern. They also led us to conclude that dynamic clustering algorithms can cope with moderate levels of access pattern change, but that performance rapidly degrades to be worse than no clustering when vigorous styles of access pattern change are applied. In the second set of experiments, we used DOEF to compare the performance of two different object stores: Platypus and SHORE. The use of DOEF exposed the poor swapping performance of Platypus.
description: 20 pages
Ghost imaging as loss estimation: Quantum versus classical schemes
Creators: name: Chiuri, Andrea
name: Gianani, Ilaria
name: Cimini, Valeria
name: De Dominicis, Luigi
name: Genoni, Marco G.
name: Barbieri, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Frequency correlations are a versatile and powerful tool which can be exploited to perform spectral analysis of objects whose direct measurement might be unfeasible. This is achieved through a so-called ghost spectrometer, that can be implemented with quantum and classical resources alike. While there are some known advantages associated to either choice, an analysis of their metrological capabilities has not yet been performed. Here we report on the metrological comparison between a quantum and a classical ghost spectrometer. We perform the estimation of the transmittivity of a bandpass filter using frequency-entangled photon pairs. Our results show that a quantum advantage is achievable, depending on the values of the transmittivity and on the number of frequency modes analyzed.
Puberty interacts with sleep and brain network organization to predict mental health
Creators: name: Nugiel, Tehila
name: Mitchell, Mackenzie E.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media SA
Year: 2024

description: Introduction Along with pubertal development, the transition to adolescence brings about increased risk for sleep disturbances and mental health problems. Functional connectivity of overlapping large-scale brain networks, such as increased connectivity between the default mode and dorsal attention networks, has been reported to relate to both sleep and mental health problems. Clarifying whether pubertal development interacts with sleep disturbances and functional brain networks to predict mental health may provide information to improve the timing and design of interventions targeting sleep disturbances in adolescents. Methods To examine how pubertal status and tempo relate to sleep disturbances and shape the relationship between sleep disturbances and mental health problems, we harnessed a large sample of children aged 10–14 years from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (N ~ 3,000–10,000). We used graph theoretical tools to probe how pubertal development concurrently interacts with sleep disturbances and brain network organization to predict mental health problems. Results We found that advanced pubertal status, but not pubertal tempo, predicted sleep disturbances; however, both pubertal status and tempo interact with sleep disturbances to predict mental health problems and engage in three-way interactions with sleep and brain network organization to predict mental health problems. Discussion Overall, this work suggests that less advanced pubertal status and slower tempo are risk factors for the strongest links between sleep disturbances, brain organization, and mental health problems. Further, our findings speak to the importance of accounting for interactions in the constellation of factors that surround complex behavioral and clinical syndromes, here internalizing and externalizing disorders, and provide new context to consider for targeted interventions.
A New Low-Mass Eclipsing Binary from SDSS-II
Creators: name: Blake, Cullen H.
name: Torres, Guillermo
name: Bloom, Joshua S.
name: Gaudi, B. Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of a new low-mass double-lined eclipsing binary system discovered using repeat observations of the celestial equator from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey II. Using near-infrared photometry and optical spectroscopy we have measured the properties of this short-period [P=0.407037(14) d] system and its two components. We find the following parameters for the two components: M_1=0.272+/-0.020 M_sun, R_1=0.268+/-0.010 R_sun, M_2=0.240+/-0.022 M_sun, R_2=0.248+/-0.0090 R_sun, T_1=3320+/-130 K, T_2=3300+/-130 K. The masses and radii of the two components of this system agree well with theoretical expectations based on models of low-mass stars, within the admittedly large errors. Future synoptic surveys like Pan-STARRS and LSST will produce a wealth of information about low-mass eclipsing systems and should make it possible, with an increased reliance on follow-up observations, to detect many systems with low-mass and sub-stellar companions. With the large numbers of objects for which these surveys will produce high-quality photometry, we suggest that it becomes possible to identify such systems even with sparse time sampling and a relatively small number of individual observations.
description: 15 Pages, 9 Figures, 6 Tables. Replaced with version accepted to ApJ
The English language skills of minority language children in French immersion programs : a follow-up investigation
Creators: name: Cardwell, Jacqueline Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this investigation was to re-evaluate the English language skills of a group of minority language children enrolled in French Immersion programs (experimental group) in order to establish whether these skills have been maintained, are better, or worse than the same skills in English children in French Immersion (English control group) or minority language children enrolled in regular English programs (minority control group). Of the original thirty children who participated in Davies' (1985) investigation, seven experimentals, seven minority controls and nine English controls were located again and able to participate in the 1989 follow-up study. English language comprehension was assessed using two standardized tests of English comprehension (the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-R, and the Token Test for Children). Similarly, English metalinguistic skills were evaluated using two standardized tests which tap metalinguistic awareness at both the lexical and structural level (the Test of Language Competence and the Word Test). Finally, English language production was evaluated based on a picture-description sample elicited from each child. It was hypothesized that the English language skills of minority language children in French Immersion would, as was the case in 1985, continue to be as good as those of the English control and minority control groups. The results confirmed this hypothesis. In addition, the results showed the experimental group to be performing significantly better than the minority control group on vocabulary comprehension and interpretation of ambiguous sentences. The experimental group also performed significantly better than the English control group on vocabulary comprehension. The English control group scored higher than the minority control group on recognition of semantic absurdities. All three groups performed similarly on the picture description task. These results confirm that minority language children are excellent candidates for French Immersion and suffer no delays in English language ability over the long term. In fact, these children display certain linguistic advances over the other groups of children in this study.
Commercial apple orchards in poultry free-range areas - Jabłoniowe sady towarowe połączone z chowem drobiu na wolnym wybiegu
Creators: name: Bestman, M.
name: Timmermans, B.
name: Borek, R.
name: Wojdat, A.
name: Jędrejek, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: apple orchards
free-range chickens
establishing of an orchard
orchard management
sady jabłoniowe
kurczęta na wolnym wybiegu
zakładanie sadu
zarządzanie sadem

description: Stosowanie wolnego wybiegu przyczynia się do zwiększenia dobrostanu drobiu. Kury preferują obszary chowu z zadaszeniem zapewnianym przez drzewa, krzewy, lub sztuczne konstrukcje. Gospodarstwo liczące 10.000 kur potrzebuje 4 hektarów powierzchni, a sadzenie drzew na tak dużym obszarze jest znaczną inwestycją. Zasadzenie towarowego sadu na obszarze chowu drobiu jest jednym ze sposobów na zwiększenie przychodów. Każdy gatunek drzew owocowych ma specyficzne potrzeby, a niektóre z nich będą wymagały dodatkowych inwestycji. Na przykład wiśnie i czereśnie wymagają siatki ochronnej przeciw ptakom. Niniejsza ulotka wyjaśnia jak sadzić i pielęgnować jabłonie w systemie chowu
wolno-wybiegowego.
Rebuilding vascular access: from the viewpoint of mechanics and materials
Creators: name: Nguyen A.T
name: Madukwe D
name: Tan W
name: Roy-Chaudhury P
name: Linger M
name: Battistella A
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media SA
Year: 2024

description: This review presents a comprehensive analysis of vascular access in hemodialysis, focusing on the current modalities, their associated challenges, and recent technological advancements. It closely examines the status of three primary types of vascular access: arteriovenous fistulas, arteriovenous grafts, and central venous catheters. The review delves into the complications and pathologies associated with these access types, emphasizing the mechanobiology-related pathogenesis of arteriovenous access. Furthermore, it explores recent clinical trials, biomaterials, and device innovations, highlighting novel pharmaceutical approaches, advanced materials, device designs, and cutting-edge technologies aimed at enhancing the efficacy, safety, and longevity of vascular access in hemodialysis. This synthesis of current knowledge and emerging trends underscores the dynamic evolution of vascular access strategies and their critical role in improving patient care in hemodialysis.
Conception d'un banc d'essais décisionnel
Creators: name: Darmont, Jérôme
name: Bentayeb, Fadila
name: Boussaïd, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present in this paper a new benchmark for evaluating the performances of data warehouses. Benchmarking is useful either to system users for comparing the performances of different systems, or to system engineers for testing the effect of various design choices. While the TPC (Transaction Processing Performance Council) standard benchmarks address the first point, they are not tuneable enough to address the second one. Our Data Warehouse Engineering Benchmark (DWEB) allows to generate various ad-hoc synthetic data warehouses and workloads. DWEB is fully parameterized. However, two levels of parameterization keep it easy to tune. Since DWEB mainly meets engineering benchmarking needs, it is complimentary to the TPC standard benchmarks, and not a competitor. Finally, DWEB is implemented as a Java free software that can be interfaced with most existing relational database management systems.
description: 20 pages
Efficient Synthesis of 2H-Indazolo[2,1-b]Phthalazine-Triones Using [PVPH]ClO4 as a Modified Polymeric Catalyst
Creators: name: Mousapour, Maryam
name: Shirini, Farhad
name: Abedini, Masoumeh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In this work, poly(vinylpyrrolidonium) perchlorate {[PVPH]ClO4}, a newly reported modified polymeric catalyst, is used as an efficient and reusable solid acid catalyst for the promotion of the synthesis of 2H-indazolo[2,1-b]phthalazine-trione derivatives. All reactions were performed under mild conditions and the products were formed over short reaction times in excellent yields. It is important to note that this solid acid catalyst can be reused several times without any appreciable loss in its activity.
Digital quantum simulation of beam splitters and squeezing with IBM quantum computers
Creators: name: Encinar, Paula Cordero
name: Agustí, Andrés
name: Sabín, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results on the digital quantum simulations of beam-splitter and squeezing interactions. The bosonic hamiltonians are mapped to qubits and then digitalized in order to implement them in the IBM quantum devices. We use error mitigation and post-selection to achieve high-fidelity digital quantum simulations of single-mode and two-mode interactions, as evidenced -- where possible -- by full tomography of the resulting states. We achieve fidelities above 90 \% in the case of single-mode squeezing with low squeezing values and ranging from 60 \% to 90 \% for large squeezing and in the more complex two-mode interactions.
description: 14 pages, 17 figures. v3: published version
Sodium–glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors for hospitalised patients with COVID-19: a prospective meta-analysis of randomised trials
Creators: name: Shankar-Hari M
name: Murthy S
name: Webster K
name: Haynes R
name: Landray M
name: Godolphin P.J
name: Higgins J.P.T
name: Leifer E
name: Neal M.D
name: Vale C
name: Kosiborod M.N
name: Althouse A.D
name: Furtado R.H.M
name: Horby P.W
name: Berwanger O
name: Marshall J
name: Diaz J
name: Sterne J.A.C
name: Hochman J.S
name: Koch G.G
name: Staplin N
name: Fisher D
name: Gasparyan S.B
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2024

description: Background: Sodium–glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have been proposed as a potential treatment for adults hospitalised with COVID-19, due to their potential anti-inflammatory and endothelial protective effects. Published evidence from randomised control trials (RCTs) does not provide evidence of benefit. We aimed to estimate the effect of oral administration of SGLT2 inhibitors compared with usual care or placebo in adults hospitalised with COVID-19. Methods: Eligible RCTs that estimated the effect of oral administration of SGLT2 inhibitors compared with usual care or placebo on 28-day all-cause mortality (primary outcome) were included in this prospective meta-analysis. The primary safety outcome was ketoacidosis by 28 days. Trials were identified through systematic searches of ClinicalTrials.gov, EudraCT, and the WHO ISRCTN registry between Nov 1, 2022 and Jan 31, 2023. The search terms were “random*” AND “COVID” AND each SGLT2i, not restricted by trial status or language. Individual searches were then combined. Prespecified summary outcome data, overall and within subgroups of interest, were provided by each trial. The primary analyses were inverse variance weighted meta-analysis of odds ratios (ORs). Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. This study was registered with PROSPERO, CRD42023406442. Findings: Three eligible trials randomly assigned 6096 participants (3025 to the SGLT2 inhibitor group and 3071 to the usual care or placebo group). 2381 (39%) patients were women and 1547 (25%) had type 2 diabetes at randomisation. By 28 days, there were 351 deaths in the SGLT2 inhibitor group and 382 deaths in the usual care or placebo group (summary OR 0·93 [95% CI 0·79–1·08]; p=0·33, I2 for inconsistency across trials 0%). The risk of bias was assessed as being low. Ketoacidosis was observed in seven participants in the SGLT2 inhibitor group and two patients in the usual care or placebo group. Interpretation: Although administration of SGLT2 inhibitor was safe, we found no clear evidence that adding SGLT2 inhibitor therapy improved outcomes in patients hospitalised with COVID-19 compared with usual care or placebo. These data do not support the use of SGLT2 inhibitors as standard treatment in adults hospitalised for COVID-19.
Astroparticle Physics with AMS02
Creators: name: Alpat, Behcet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS02) experiment will be installed in 2009 on the International Space Station (ISS) for an operational period of at least three years. The purpose of AMS02 experiment is to perform accurate, high statistics, long duration measurements in space of charged cosmic rays in rigidity range from 1 GV to 3 TV and of high energy photons up to few hundred of GeV. In this work we will discuss the experimental details and the physics capabilities of AMS02 on ISS.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Construction of type ${\rm II_1}$ factors with prescribed countable fundamental group
Creators: name: Houdayer, Cyril
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L10; 46L54; 46L55; 22D10; 22D25

description: In the context of Free Probability Theory, we study two different constructions that provide new examples of factors of type ${\rm II_1}$ with prescribed fundamental group. First we investigate state-preserving group actions on the almost periodic free Araki-Woods factors satisfying both a condition of mixing and a condition of free malleability in the sense of Popa. Typical examples are given by the free Bogoliubov shifts. Take an ICC $w$-rigid group $G$ such that $\mathcal{F}(L(G)) = \{1\}$ (e.g. $G = \Z^2 \rtimes \SL(2, \Z)$). For any countable subgroup $S \subset \R^*_+$, we show that there exists an action of $G$ on $L(\F_\infty)$ such that $L(\F_\infty) \rtimes G$ is a type ${\rm II_1}$ factor and its fundamental group is $S$. The second construction is based on a free product. Take $(B(H), ψ)$ any factor of type ${\rm I}$ endowed with a faithful normal state and denote by $Γ\subset \R^*_+$ the subgroup generated by the point spectrum of $ψ$. We show that the centralizer $(L(G) \ast B(H))^{τ\ast ψ}$ is a type ${\rm II_1}$ factor and its fundamental group is $Γ$. Our proofs rely on Popa's deformation/rigidity strategy using his intertwining-by-bimodules technique.
description: 33 pages
Recommended conventions for reporting results from direct dark matter searches
Creators: name: Baxter, D.
name: Bloch, I. M.
name: Bodnia, E.
name: Chen, X.
name: Conrad, J.
name: Di Gangi, P.
name: Dobson, J. E. Y.
name: Durnford, D.
name: Haselschwardt, S. J.
name: Kaboth, A.
name: Lang, R. F.
name: Lin, Q.
name: Lippincott, W. H.
name: Liu, J.
name: Manalaysay, A.
name: McCabe, C.
name: Mora, K. D.
name: Naim, D.
name: Neilson, R.
name: Olcina, I.
name: Piro, M. -C.
name: Selvi, M.
name: von Krosigk, B.
name: Westerdale, S.
name: Yang, Y.
name: Zhou, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field of dark matter detection is a highly visible and highly competitive one. In this paper, we propose recommendations for presenting dark matter direct detection results particularly suited for weak-scale dark matter searches, although we believe the spirit of the recommendations can apply more broadly to searches for other dark matter candidates, such as very light dark matter or axions. To translate experimental data into a final published result, direct detection collaborations must make a series of choices in their analysis, ranging from how to model astrophysical parameters to how to make statistical inferences based on observed data. While many collaborations follow a standard set of recommendations in some areas, for example the expected flux of dark matter particles (to a large degree based on a paper from Lewin and Smith in 1995), in other areas, particularly in statistical inference, they have taken different approaches, often from result to result by the same collaboration. We set out a number of recommendations on how to apply the now commonly used Profile Likelihood Ratio method to direct detection data. In addition, updated recommendations for the Standard Halo Model astrophysical parameters and relevant neutrino fluxes are provided. The authors of this note include members of the DAMIC, DarkSide, DARWIN, DEAP, LZ, NEWS-G, PandaX, PICO, SBC, SENSEI, SuperCDMS, and XENON collaborations, and these collaborations provided input to the recommendations laid out here. Wide-spread adoption of these recommendations will make it easier to compare and combine future dark matter results.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables, version 2 to match publication
Stable Field Emission from Single-Crystalline Zirconium Carbide Nanowires
Creators: name: Takeguchi, Masaki
name: Chen, You-Hu
name: Qin, Lu-Chang
name: Tang, Jie
name: Wu, Yimeng
name: Tang, Shuai
name: Chiu, Ta-Wei
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Year: 2024

description: The <100> oriented single-crystalline Zirconium Carbide (ZrC) nanowires were controllably synthesized on a graphite substrate by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) with optimized growth parameters involving Zirconium tetrachloride (ZrCl4), flow of methane (CH4), and growth temperature. The length of nanowires is above 10 µm while the diameter is smaller than 100 nm. A single ZrC nanowire was picked up and fixed on a tungsten tip for field emission measurement. After surface pretreatments, a sharpened and cleaned ZrC nanowire emitter showed a high emission current density of 1.1 × 1010 A m−2 at a low turn-on voltage of 440 V. The field emission is stable for 150 min with a fluctuation of 1.77%. This work provides an effective method for synthesizing and stabilizing single-crystalline ZrC nanowire emitters as an electron source for electron-beam applications.
How a protein searches for its specific site on DNA: the role of intersegment transfer
Creators: name: Hu, Tao
name: Shklovskii, B. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Proteins are known to locate their specific targets on DNA up to two orders of magnitude faster than predicted by the Smoluchowski three-dimensional diffusion rate. One of the mechanisms proposed to resolve this discrepancy is termed "intersegment transfer". Many proteins have two DNA binding sites and can transfer from one DNA segment to another without dissociation to water. We calculate the target search rate for such proteins in a dense globular DNA, taking into account intersegment transfer working in conjunction with DNA motion and protein sliding along DNA. We show that intersegment transfer plays a very important role in cases where the protein spends most of its time adsorbed on DNA.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
MOESM1 of NDP-MSH binding melanocortin-1 receptor ameliorates neuroinflammation and BBB disruption through CREB/Nr4a1/NF-ÎşB pathway after intracerebral hemorrhage in mice
Creators: name: Wu, Xuan
name: Fu, Siming
name: Liu, Yun
name: Luo, Hansheng
name: Li, Feng
name: Wang, Yiying
name: Gao, Meng
name: Cheng, Yuan
name: Xie, Zongyi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Summary of experimental groups and mortality rate in the study.
Weed suppression in alley cropping in Hungary - Kontrola chwastów w uprawie alejowej na Węgrzech
Creators: name: Vityi, A.
name: Schettrer, P.
name: Kiss-Szigeti, N.
name: Marosvolgyi, B.
name: Borek, R.
name: Wojdat, A.
name: Jędrejek, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: alley cropping
weed supression
bio-mulching
tree growth
uprawa alejowa
zwalczanie chwastów
mulczowanie
wzrost drzewa

description: Mechaniczna kontrola chwastów w uprawie alejowej może być utrudniona np. ze względu na brak dostępu i ryzyko uszkodzenia drzew. Koszty zwalczania chwastów w przeliczeniu na jednostkę powierzchni są zatem wyższe niż w monokulturach. Nie zaleca się stosowania herbicydów z uwagi na potencjalne uszkodzenia drzew. Inną ewentualną metodą zwalczania chwastów jest stosowanie okrywy ze słomy, ale jej skuteczność zależy od warunków lokalnych (np. nie jest to efektywne na terenach wietrznych). Ponadto konieczne jest jej usunięcie w okresie zimowym, ponieważ przyciąga gryzonie.
Wykorzystanie biomasy zielnej okazało się być zarówno skuteczne technicznie, jak i opłacalne. Ponadto, dzięki  ograniczeniu parowania gleby w rzędach drzew, rośliny lepiej wykorzystują wodę.
Strategic Fluorination to Achieve a Potent, Selective, Metabolically Stable, and Orally Bioavailable Inhibitor of CSNK2
Creators: name: Axtman A.D
name: Heise M
name: Taft-Benz S
name: Smith J.L
name: Chang E
name: Sanders M.K
name: Moorman N.J
name: Krämer A
name: Ong H.W
name: Havener T.M
name: Willson T.M
name: Drewry D.H
name: Brown J.W
name: Yang X
name: Dickmander R.J
name: Howell S
name: Couñago R.M
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Year: 2024

description: The host kinase casein kinase 2 (CSNK2) has been proposed to be an antiviral target against β-coronaviral infection. To pharmacologically validate CSNK2 as a drug target in vivo, potent and selective CSNK2 inhibitors with good pharmacokinetic properties are required. Inhibitors based on the pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine scaffold possess outstanding potency and selectivity for CSNK2, but bioavailability and metabolic stability are often challenging. By strategically installing a fluorine atom on an electron-rich phenyl ring of a previously characterized inhibitor 1, we discovered compound 2 as a promising lead compound with improved in vivo metabolic stability. Compound 2 maintained excellent cellular potency against CSNK2, submicromolar antiviral potency, and favorable solubility, and was remarkably selective for CSNK2 when screened against 192 kinases across the human kinome. We additionally present a co-crystal structure to support its on-target binding mode. In vivo, compound 2 was orally bioavailable, and demonstrated modest and transient inhibition of CSNK2, although antiviral activity was not observed, possibly attributed to its lack of prolonged CSNK2 inhibition.
Standard Evaluation Protocol 2015 – 2021. Protocol for Research Assessments in the Netherlands.
Creators: name: VSNU, KNAW
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Research evaluation
evaluation protocol

description: The Standard Evaluation Protocol (SEP) describes the methods used to assess research conducted at Dutch universities and NWO and Academy institutes every six years, as well as the aims of such assessments. As in the case of the previous SEPs, the present Standard Evaluation Protocol was drawn up and adopted by the Association of Universities in the Netherlands (VSNU), the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), and the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW). These organisations have undertaken to assess all research conducted within their organisations between 2015 and 2021 in accordance with this SEP. This document is intended for all who work with the Standard Evaluation Protocol, whether they be researchers, the heads of research groups, policy officers, members of boards, or members of assessment committees. After describing the aims of the protocol and the assessment criteria in the first two chapters, the document goes on to provide all the information needed to organise and carry out proper research assessments. The text follows the chronological sequence of steps that make up an assessment: identify the research unit to be assessed; specify the Terms of Reference (ToR) and the composition of the assessment committee; draft a self-assessment; conduct the site visit; draw up the assessment report; and finally, have the institution’s board offer public accountability and follow up on the assessment. The appendices provide formats and checklists for the documents to be produced during the assessment process. Although the authors of the SEP have made every effort to choose their words carefully and to draw up a protocol that does justice to the multifaceted nature of research, the SEP cannot cover every situation or answer every question that may arise. The SEP may be deviated from if the relevant board so decides and has good reason for its decision. After all, the point is not to stick slavishly to the rules of the SEP but to use these rules to arrive at a transparent and fair assessment of the quality and relevance of publicly funded research.
description: Amended version, 2016
Bouncing universe in a heat bath
Creators: name: Filho, A. A. Araújo
name: Petrov, A. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a thermal description for photon modes within the context of bouncing universe. Within this study, we start with a Lorentz-breaking dispersion relation which accounts for modified Friedmann equations with a bounce solution. We calculate the spectral radiance, the entropy, the Helmholtz free energy, the heat capacity, and the mean energy. Nevertheless, the latter two ones turn out to contribute only in a trivial manner. Furthermore, one intriguing aspect gives rise to: for some configurations of $η$, $l_{P}$, and $T$, the thermodynamical behavior of the system seems to indicate instability. However, despite of showing this particularity, the solutions of the thermodynamic functions in general turn out to agree with the literature, e.g., the second law of thermodynamics is maintained. More so, all the results are derived \textit{analytically} and three different regimes of temperature of the universe are also considered, i.e., the inflationary era, the electroweak epoch and the cosmic microwave background.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures
Spin effects in single-electron transport through carbon nanotube quantum dots
Creators: name: Moriyama, Satoshi
name: Fuse, Tomoko
name: Yamaguchi, Tomohiro
name: Ishibashi, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the total spin in an individual single-wall carbon nanotube quantum dot with various numbers of electrons in a shell by using the ratio of the saturation currents of the first steps of Coulomb staircases for positive and negative biases. The current ratio reflects the total-spin transition that is increased or decreased when the dot is connected to strongly asymmetric tunnel barriers. Our results indicate that total spin states with and without magnetic fields can be traced by this method.
description: 5pages, 5figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SOLUTION FOCUSED BRIEF THERAPY AS A SOLUTION FOR HANDLING PSYCHOLOGICAL ANXIETY IN FACING THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK
Creators: name: Teuku Fadhli
name: Fadhli, Teuku
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 130305 Educational Counselling
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 111710 Health Counselling
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 170106 Health, Clinical and Counselling Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 160702 Counselling, Welfare and Community Services
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa pentingnya pendekatan Solution Focused Brief Therapy dalam menghadapi individu untuk mencari solusi baik setelah maupun selama terjadinya gangguan psikologis, penerapan SBFT dapat dilakukan secara praktis, efektif, solutif dan efisien. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis komparatif yang mengacu pada berbagai literatur yang relevan antara SFBT dan kecemasan psikologis berupa artikel jurnal ilmiah, buku referensi, dan informasi lain dari sumber terpercaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antar teori, baik asumsi dasar maupun konsep yang berkaitan dengan proses intervensi SFBT dalam upaya membantu individu menemukan solusi atas masalah yang sedang atau akan dialami.
TET proteins regulate Drosha expression and impact microRNAs in iNKT cells
Creators: name: Bettes, Julia Buquera
name: Gioulbasani, Marianthi
name: Tsagaratou, Ageliki
name: Äijö, Tarmo
name: Valenzuela, Jair E.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media SA
Year: 2024

description: DNA demethylases TET2 and TET3 play a fundamental role in thymic invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cell differentiation by mediating DNA demethylation of genes encoding for lineage specifying factors. Paradoxically, differential gene expression analysis revealed that significant number of genes were upregulated upon TET2 and TET3 loss in iNKT cells. This unexpected finding could be potentially explained if loss of TET proteins was reducing the expression of proteins that suppress gene expression. In this study, we discover that TET2 and TET3 synergistically regulate Drosha expression, by generating 5hmC across the gene body and by impacting chromatin accessibility. As DROSHA is involved in microRNA biogenesis, we proceed to investigate the impact of TET2/3 loss on microRNAs in iNKT cells. We report that among the downregulated microRNAs are members of the Let-7 family that downregulate in vivo the expression of the iNKT cell lineage specifying factor PLZF. Our data link TET proteins with microRNA expression and reveal an additional layer of TET mediated regulation of gene expression.
Counting statistics in multiple path geometries and the fluctuations of the integrated current in a quantum stirring device
Creators: name: Chuchem, Maya
name: Cohen, Doron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The amount $Q$ of particles that are transported via a path of motion is characterized by its expectation value $$ and by its variance $Var(Q)$. We analyze what happens if a particle has two optional paths available to get from one site to another site, and in particular what is $Var(Q)$ for the current which is induced in a quantum stirring device. It turns out that coherent splitting and the stirring effect are intimately related and cannot be understood within the framework of the prevailing probabilistic theory.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, published version, Latex Eq# corrected
Essentials in genomics
Creators: name: Sánchez-Flores, Alejandro
name: Peña-Gonzalez, Angela
name: Sánchez, Rebeca Campos
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2021

description: In this course we present a review of essential aspects for genomic studies and analysis. This course will guide you through the basic concepts of design and analysis of next generation sequencing (NGS) experiments to study the genome of most organisms. We also present the
 general principles behind the most common analyses and bioinformatics tools used to genome annotation and gene prediction.
P-term Strings and Semi-local Strings
Creators: name: Burrage, C.
name: Davis, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: P-term potentials can give rise to Nielsen-Olesen or semi-local cosmic strings. We present a general analysis of these cosmic strings where we derive the Bogomol'nyi equations and field profiles for both types of string and discuss their stability. We give an analysis of the fermionic zero modes that could live on the strings and a brief discussion of the inflationary period preceding their formation.
description: 22 pages, no figures
The Clusters AgeS Experiment (CASE). I. V209 omega Cen - An Eclipsing Post-Common Envelope Binary in the Globular Cluster omega Cen
Creators: name: Kaluzny, J.
name: Rucinski, S. M.
name: Thompson, I. B.
name: Pych, W.
name: Krzeminski, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use photometric and spectroscopic observations of the detached eclipsing binary V209 omega Cen to derive the masses, radii, and luminosities of the component stars. The system exhibits total eclipses and, based on the measured systemic velocity and the derived distance, is a member of the globular cluster omega Cen. We obtain 0.945 +/- 0.043 Msun, 0.983 +/- 0.015 Rsun and 6.68 +/- 0.88 Lsun for the cooler, but larger and more luminous primary component. The secondary component has 0.144 +/- 0.008 Msun, 0.425 +/- 0.008 Rsun and 2.26 +/- 0.28 Lsun. The effective temperatures are estimated at 9370 K for the primary and at 10866 K for the secondary. On the color-magnitude diagram of the cluster, the primary component occupies a position between the tip of the blue straggler region and the extended horizontal branch while the secondary component is located close to the red border of the area occupied by hot subdwarfs. However, its radius is too large and its effective temperature is too low for it to be an sdB star. We propose a scenario leading to the formation of a system with such unusual properties with the primary component ``re-born'' from a former white dwarf which accreted a new envelope through mass transfer from its companion. The secondary star has lost most of its envelope while starting its ascent onto the sub-giant branch. It failed to ignite helium in its core and is currently powered by a hydrogen burning shell.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures, AJ, in press
Batch Optimization of Frequency-Modulated Pulses for Robust Two-qubit Gates in Ion Chains
Creators: name: Kang, Mingyu
name: Liang, Qiyao
name: Zhang, Bichen
name: Huang, Shilin
name: Wang, Ye
name: Fang, Chao
name: Kim, Jungsang
name: Brown, Kenneth R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-qubit gates in trapped-ion quantum computers are generated by applying spin-dependent forces that temporarily entangle the internal state of the ion with its motion. Laser pulses are carefully designed to generate a maximally entangling gate between the ions while minimizing any residual entanglement between the motion and the ion. The quality of the gates suffers when the actual experimental parameters differ from the ideal case. Here, we improve the robustness of frequency-modulated Mølmer-Sørensen gates to motional mode-frequency offsets by optimizing the average performance over a range of systematic errors using batch optimization. We then compare this method with frequency-modulated gates optimized for ideal parameters that include an analytic robustness condition. Numerical simulations show good performance up to 12 ions, and the method is experimentally demonstrated on a two-ion chain.
Adversarial Example Detection for DNN Models: A Review and Experimental Comparison
Creators: name: Aldahdooh, Ahmed
name: Hamidouche, Wassim
name: Fezza, Sid Ahmed
name: Deforges, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning (DL) has shown great success in many human-related tasks, which has led to its adoption in many computer vision based applications, such as security surveillance systems, autonomous vehicles and healthcare. Such safety-critical applications have to draw their path to success deployment once they have the capability to overcome safety-critical challenges. Among these challenges are the defense against or/and the detection of the adversarial examples (AEs). Adversaries can carefully craft small, often imperceptible, noise called perturbations to be added to the clean image to generate the AE. The aim of AE is to fool the DL model which makes it a potential risk for DL applications. Many test-time evasion attacks and countermeasures,i.e., defense or detection methods, are proposed in the literature. Moreover, few reviews and surveys were published and theoretically showed the taxonomy of the threats and the countermeasure methods with little focus in AE detection methods. In this paper, we focus on image classification task and attempt to provide a survey for detection methods of test-time evasion attacks on neural network classifiers. A detailed discussion for such methods is provided with experimental results for eight state-of-the-art detectors under different scenarios on four datasets. We also provide potential challenges and future perspectives for this research direction.
description: Accepted and published in Artificial Intelligence Review journal
The Evolution and Sustainability of Environmental Health Services in the Azraq Refugee Camp, Jordan: A Qualitative Study
Creators: name: Dawood A
name: Shackelford B.B
name: Al Samawi I
name: Bartram J
name: Behnke N
name: Tu R
name: Talozi S
name: Snel M
name: Cronk R
name: Oommen R.A
name: Anderson D
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Year: 2024

description: The Syrian civil war displaced more than half of the Syrian population, including over 660,000 registered refugees who fled to neighboring Jordan. Environmental health services (e.g., water, sanitation, hygiene, and solid waste management) are critical for refugee health. Still, they may strain resources in host communities and must evolve in protracted crises. We studied environmental health services in the Azraq refugee camp in Jordan to identify the stakeholders and their roles in service provision, assess stakeholder communication and coordination, and evaluate sustainability. We conducted 25 interviews with stakeholders involved in environmental health service provision. We found that non-governmental and United Nations organizations had well-defined responsibilities, but the roles of donors, the Jordanian government, refugees, and the host community needed clarification. Conflicting standards and mismatched donor expectations with on-the-ground needs sometimes created challenges for coordinated and efficient service provision. The basic needs of refugees were generally met and services improved somewhat over time, but political obstacles and inadequate resources complicated the path toward sustainable services. Early incorporation of sustainability in planning and increased efforts to build the capacity of refugees to contribute and take ownership of environmental health services will likely enhance long-term environmental health service provision and development outcomes.
Improved Landau gauge fixing and the suppression of finite-volume effects of the lattice gluon propagator
Creators: name: Bogolubsky, I. L.
name: Bornyakov, V. G.
name: Burgio, G.
name: Ilgenfritz, E. -M.
name: Müller-Preussker, M.
name: Mitrjushkin, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the gluon propagator of pure SU(2) lattice gauge theory in the Landau gauge we investigate the effect of Gribov copies and finite-volume effects. Concerning gauge fixing, we enlarge the accessible gauge orbits by adding non-periodic Z(2) gauge transformations and systematically employ the simulated annealing algorithm. Strategies to keep all Z(2) sectors under control within reasonable CPU time are discussed. We demonstrate that the finite-volume effects in the infrared regime become ameliorated. Reaching a physical volume of about (6.5 fm)^4, we find that the propagator, calculated with the indicated improvements, becomes flat in the region of smallest momenta. First signs in 4d of a final decrease towards vanishing momentum are discussed.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, changes to match the journal version and the Erratum
Large Diamagnetism and Electromagnetic Duality in Two-dimensional Dirac Electron System
Creators: name: Fujiyama, S.
name: Maebashi, H.
name: Tajima, N.
name: Tsumuraya, T.
name: Cui, H-B.
name: Ogata, M.
name: Kato, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Dirac electron system in solids mimics a relativistic quantum physics that is compatible with Maxwell's equations, by which we anticipate unified electromagnetic responses. We find a large orbital diamagnetism only along the interplane direction and the nearly temperature-independent conductance of the order of e2/h for the new 2D Dirac organic conductor, a-(BETS)2I3. Distinct from conventional electrons in solids whose nonrelativistic effects bifurcate electric and magnetic responses, the observed orbital diamagnetism scales the electrical conductivity for a wide temperature range. This demonstrates that an electromagnetic duality that is valid only within the relativistic framework is revived in solids.