cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The status of letters of credit as life blood of international commerce
Creators: name: Zhang, Ningning
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: Letters of credit, as the life-blood of international commerce, encounter several c problems which render the use of credit reduced sharply in some regions. However, such phenomenon does not mean letters of credit are going away. Instead, it is still a favourable payment method for international transactions between the medium and small enterprises. The research is based
First FOREU2 Report on "practices and measures taken/to be taken to ensure the mainstreaming of the gender dimension in R&I long term strategies"
Creators: name: RI4C2 project
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: As part of the RI4C2 project, most Alliances who received funding in the second pilot call (all part of the Forum of European Universities 2 – FOREU2) have joined forces to write a joint report on measures taken/to be taken to ensure the mainstreaming of the gender dimension in R&I long-term strategies. The participating Alliances have provided one or more case studies on the topic, sharing good practices to foster Gender Equality in the fields of research and innovation.

The report also includes a summary of the case studies and recommendations on measures that could be implemented to reinforce Gender Equality strategies in the future. The aim is to encourage the implementation of additional activities, tools and policies to mainstream Gender Equality among individual universities but also at Alliance level.
title: Algorithms for argument systems
Creators: name: Nofal, Samer
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: Argument systems are computational models that enable an artificial intelligent agent to reason via argumentation. Basically, the computations in argument systems can be viewed as search problems. In general, for a wide range of such problems existing algorithms lack five important features. Firstly, there is no comprehensive study that shows which algorithm among existing others is the most efficient in solving a particular problem. Secondly, there is no work that establishes the use of cost-effective heuristics leading to more efficient algorithms. Thirdly, mechanisms for pruning the search space are understudied, and hence, further pruning techniques might be neglected. Fourthly, diverse decision problems, for extended models of argument systems, are left without dedicated algorithms fine-tuned to the specific requirements of the respective extended model. Fifthly, some existing algorithms are presented in a high level that leaves some aspects of the computations unspecified, and therefore, implementations are rendered open to different interpretations. The work presented in this thesis tries to address all these concerns. Concisely, the presented work is centered around a widely studied view of what computationally defines an argument system. According to this view, an argument system is a pair: a set of abstract arguments and a binary relation that captures the conflicting arguments. Then, to resolve an instance of argument systems the acceptable arguments must be decided according to a set of criteria that collectively define the argumentation semantics. For different motivations there are various argumentation semantics. Equally, several proposals in the literature present extended models that stretch the basic two components of an argument system usually by incorporating more elements and/or broadening the nature of the existing components. This work designs algorithms that solve decision problems in the basic form of argument systems as well as in some other extended models. Likewise, new algorithms are developed that deal with different argumentation semantics. We evaluate our algorithms against existing algorithms experimentally where sufficient indications highlight that the new algorithms are superior with respect to their running time.
title: Progressive collapse of titanium alloy micro-lattice structures manufactured using selective laser melting
Creators: name: Hasan, Rafidah
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: The starting point for this research was the viability of the Selective Laser Melted (SLM) titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V micro-lattice structure for applications in Foreign Object Impact (FOI) situations in aerospace sandwich constructions. To this end, the mechanical behaviour of single struts and the compression behaviour of micro-lattice blocks were studied. Detailed characterizations of dimensional accuracy, circularity and microstructure, as well as clarifications of deformation behaviour and failure of single manufactured struts under tensile loading were done. The variability in stress-strain curve of struts which was derived using compliance correction method was found to arise from the variations in strut diameters, due to outer surface roughness of the material. Post-manufacture heat-treatment processes improved the surface roughness and variations of strut diameters as well as the microstructure of the α/β titanium alloy, hence reduced the scatter in the stress-strain curve of single struts. The deformation of the SLM Ti-6Al-4V micro-lattice blocks with Body Centred Cubic (BCC) structure was elucidated using combined experimental studies and computational analysis. Detailed analysis of geometry and diameter variations in struts of the micro-lattice blocks were done and compared to that of single manufactured struts. Node formation and manufactured quality of the micro-lattice structure were revealed from a 45° angle diagonal plane of sectioned block. The compressive deformation behaviour of the BCC micro-lattice block structures was then studied. Effects of different manufacturing routes and parameters as well as post-manufacture treatments in the compressed micro-lattice structures were discussed. Finite element analysis was performed using a validated model of BCC micro-lattice unit cell. The progressive collapse of the micro-lattice block structure was shown to be comparable with the prediction from the finite element model of a unit cell. The numerical simulation was then used to quantify the effect of parent material properties on block collapse. In this way, the relations between SLM manufacturing route, material properties and structural performance are highlighted.
Worldsheet Interpretation of the Level-Rank Duality
Creators: name: Soroush, Masoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Level-rank duality relates the observables of two different Chern-Simons theories in which the roles of the Chern-Simons level and the rank of the gauge group are exchanged. In this note, we explore the consequences of this duality in the realm of topological string theory. We show that this duality induces a number of identities between the open Gromov-Witten invariants of the geometries associated with a knot ${\cal K}$ and its mirror image $\tilde{\cal K}$. We show how these identities arise both in the A-model and in the dual B-model.
description: 15 pages
Antiferromagnetic Skyrmion: Stability, Creation and Manipulation
Creators: name: Zhang, Xichao
name: Zhou, Yan
name: Ezawa, Motohiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic skyrmions are particle-like topological excitations in ferromagnets, which have the topological number $Q=\pm 1$, and hence show the skyrmion Hall effect (SkHE) due to the Magnus force effect originating from the topology. Here, we propose the counterpart of the magnetic skyrmion in the antiferromagnetic (AFM) system, that is, the AFM skyrmion, which is topologically protected but without showing the SkHE. Two approaches for creating the AFM skyrmion have been described based on micromagnetic lattice simulations: (i) by injecting a vertical spin-polarized current to a nanodisk with the AFM ground state; (ii) by converting an AFM domain-wall pair in a nanowire junction. It is demonstrated that the AFM skyrmion, driven by the spin-polarized current, can move straightly over long distance, benefiting from the absence of the SkHE. Our results will open a new strategy on designing the novel spintronic devices based on AFM materials.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
National Standards for Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support
Creators: name: Duker, P.
name: Cox, C. E.
name: Beck, J.
name: Kolb, L.
name: Hanson, L.
name: Tomky, D.
name: Rothman, R.
name: Rhinehart, A. S.
name: Haas, L.
name: Youssef, G.
name: Kent, D.
name: Sklaroff, S.
name: Maryniuk, M.
name: Orzeck, E.
name: McLaughlin, S.
name: Edwards, L.
name: Piette, J. D.
name: Fisher, E. B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: By the most recent estimates, 18.8 million people in the U.S. have been diagnosed with diabetes and an additional 7 million are believed to be living with undiagnosed diabetes. At the same time, 79 million people are estimated to have blood glucose levels in the range of prediabetes or categories of increased risk for diabetes. Thus, more than 100 million Americans are at risk for developing the devastating complications of diabetes (1). Diabetes self-management education (DSME) is a critical element of care for all people with diabetes and those at risk for developing the disease. It is necessary in order to prevent or delay the complications of diabetes (2–6) and has elements related to lifestyle changes that are also essential for individuals with prediabetes as part of efforts to prevent the disease (7,8). The National Standards for Diabetes Self-Management Education are designed to define quality DSME and support and to assist diabetes educators in providing evidence-based education and self-management support. The Standards are applicable to educators in solo practice as well as those in large multicenter programs—and everyone in between. There are many good models for the provision of diabetes education and support. The Standards do not endorse any one approach, but rather seek to delineate the commonalities among effective and excellent self-management education strategies. These are the standards used in the field for recognition and accreditation. They also serve as a guide for nonaccredited and nonrecognized providers and programs. Because of the dynamic nature of health care and diabetes-related research, the Standards are reviewed and revised approximately every 5 years by key stakeholders and experts within the diabetes education community. In the fall of 2011, a Task Force was jointly convened by the American Association of Diabetes Educators (AADE) and the American Diabetes Association …
Holistic Collaborative Privacy Framework for Users' Privacy in Social Recommender Service
Creators: name: Elmisery, Ahmed M.
name: Rho, Seungmin
name: Botvich, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.4.6; K.6.m

description: The current business model for existing recommender services is centered around the availability of users' personal data at their side whereas consumers have to trust that the recommender service providers will not use their data in a malicious way. With the increasing number of cases for privacy breaches, different countries and corporations have issued privacy laws and regulations to define the best practices for the protection of personal information. The data protection directive 95/46/EC and the privacy principles established by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) are examples of such regulation frameworks. In this paper, we assert that utilizing third-party recommender services to generate accurate referrals are feasible, while preserving the privacy of the users' sensitive information which will be residing on a clear form only on his/her own device. As a result, each user who benefits from the third-party recommender service will have absolute control over what to release from his/her own preferences. We proposed a collaborative privacy middleware that executes a two stage concealment process within a distributed data collection protocol in order to attain this claim. Additionally, the proposed solution complies with one of the common privacy regulation frameworks for fair information practice in a natural and functional way -which is OECD privacy principles. The approach presented in this paper is easily integrated into the current business model as it is implemented using a middleware that runs at the end-users side and utilizes the social nature of content distribution services to implement a topological data collection protocol.
title: DC interruption principle using a helical arc arrangement
Creators: name: Elzagzoug, Hassan
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2014

description: Electrical discharges have been used extensively in devices for interruption of fault currents. Much work has investigated the use of arc discharges for interrupting DC current. The problem with DC current is that there is no natural current zero where thermal losses from the arc dominate thus leading to arc extinction and the interruption of fault current. Helical arc been arranged by using splitter blades to separate the arc turns. The expansion of a helical arc confined between polymeric splitter blades is governed by both electromagnetic and aerodynamic forces. These arise due to the complex interaction between the individual arc turns, arc/ splitter blade interactions and surrounding media. These interactions can be exploited to control the rate of expansion. During this expansion stage there is a substantial increase in arc voltage which in low voltage systems can limit the current thereby causing current interruption providing the arc quenching conditions are suitable. An experimental study has been undertaken to assess the fundamental characteristics of helical arcs con�fined between �different arrangements of PTFE, PE and copper blades in three different sizes (180mm, 360mm and 500mm). Significant improvements in arc current limitation and interruption capability are observed when the arc voltage increases. A substantial increase in arc voltage was observed for all combinations of copper/ PTFE splitter blades. It was noted that the prospective fault current is forced to near zero when copper blades are used in conjunction with PTFE blades. With the larger PTFE and PE blades sized 360mm and 500mm, it was observed that the arc stayed within the limit of blades, thus providing better arc control capability. Simplified modelling of the forces acting on the arc (electromagnetic, aerodynamic) have been assessed. The electromagnetic forces act not only to produce radial expansion of the arc but also to keep alignment between the turns. The generation of the aerodynamic forces is very complex to model and indeed the modelling presented can only be used indicatively in any analysis at this stage. The work indicates that a compact DC interruption device may be possible based on the confinement of the plasma within the splitter blades and interaction with polymeric material.
title: A study of the mechanical properties and scaling effects in a thermoplastic fibre-metal laminate
Creators: name: Gonzalo Carrillo, J.
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: This study investigates scaling effects in a novel fibre-metal laminate (FML) system based on a thermoplastic matrix. The material is based on an aluminium alloy, a selfreinforced polypropylene composite and a polypropylene film acting as an interlayer adhesive. Initially, the mechanical characterisation of the FMLs and 'their constituents are characterised in tension, flexure and under impact loading. Additionally, the level of adhesion between the composite and aluminium constituents is characterised using fracture mechanics procedures. The performance of the FML is investigated aI!d compared to that offered by its constituents, enabling the advantages of these novel hybrid systems to be highlighted. Two different laminate constructions are employed here, these being an [AI, 0Ã‚Â°/90Ã‚Â°]5 FML and an [AI, +/- 45Ã‚Â°]5 FML. Pronounced differences were observed between the two laminates, with the strain to failure of the latter being approximately 50% greater than the former. Interestingly, flexural tests revealed that the fibre orientation did not affect either the maximum stress or the strain at failure of the FML. Abstract ABSTRACT J. G. Carrillo The second part of the study focuses on investigating scaling effects in this FML system. Here, scale model tests are used to predict the full-scale behaviour of fibremetal laminates. Two laminates are investigated in this part of the research programme, these being [Aln, 00/900 n]5 and [Aln, +/- 45Ã‚Â°n]5 with n = '14, Y2, % and 1. Tensile tests are undertaken on laminates prepared using three different scaling approaches, these being ID (scaling the thickness dimension), 2D (scaling the inplane dimensions) and 3D scaling, where all of the dimensions are scaled appropriately. Here, a small decrease in the value of these parameters was observed with increasing specimen size, suggesting that modest scaling effects do exist. Additionally, flexural tests are carried out using a 3D scaling approach, giving a direct comparison with the results generated in tension. The final part of this section investigates scaling effects in the low velocity impact response of the FMLs. Here, it is shown that the impact energy to initiate fracture in the FMLs does not exhibit any size dependency. Other test parameters, such as the impact duration are shown to obey the scaling law, with less than ten percent deviation from the normalised data being observed.
Outcomes of Combined Cardiovascular Risk Factor Management Strategies in Type 2 Diabetes: The ACCORD Randomized Trial
Creators: name: Goff, David C.
name: Gerstein, Hertzel C.
name: O’Connor, Patrick J.
name: Buse, John B.
name: Evans, Gregory W.
name: Narayan, K.M.Venkat
name: Grimm, Richard H.
name: Lipkin, Edward W.
name: Sood, Ajay
name: Margolis, Karen L.
name: Cutler, Jeffrey A.
name: Morgan, Timothy M.
name: Riddle, Matthew C.
name: Cushman, William C.
name: Cohen, Robert M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: OBJECTIVETo compare effects of combinations of standard and intensive treatment of glycemia and either blood pressure (BP) or lipids in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSACCORD enrolled 10,251 type 2 diabetes patients aged 40–79 years at high risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. Participants were randomly assigned to hemoglobin A1c goals of <6.0% (<42 mmol/mol; intensive glycemia) or 7.0–7.9% (53–63 mmol/mol; standard glycemia) and then randomized a second time to either 1) systolic BP goals of <120 mmHg (intensive BP) or <140 mmHg (standard BP) or 2) simvastatin plus fenofibrate (intensive lipid) or simvastatin plus placebo (standard lipid). Proportional hazards models were used to assess combinations of treatment assignments on the composite primary (deaths due to CVD, nonfatal myocardial infarction [MI], and nonfatal stroke) and secondary outcomes.RESULTSIn the BP trial, risk of the primary outcome was lower in the groups intensively treated for glycemia (hazard ratio [HR] 0.67; 95% CI 0.50–0.91), BP (HR 0.74; 95% CI 0.55–1.00), or both (HR 0.71; 95% CI 0.52–0.96) compared with combined standard BP and glycemia treatment. For secondary outcomes, MI was significantly reduced by intensive glycemia treatment and stroke by intensive BP treatment; most other HRs were neutral or favored intensive treatment groups. In the lipid trial, the general pattern of results showed no evidence of benefit of intensive regimens (whether single or combined) compared with combined standard lipid and glycemia treatment. The mortality HR was 1.33 (95% CI 1.02–1.74) in the standard lipid/intensive glycemia group compared with the standard lipid/standard glycemia group.CONCLUSIONSIn the ACCORD BP trial, compared with combined standard treatment, intensive BP or intensive glycemia treatment alone improved major CVD outcomes, without additional benefit from combining the two. In the ACCORD lipid trial, neither intensive lipid nor glycemia treatment produced an overall benefit, but intensive glycemia treatment increased mortality.
Rank $n$ swapping algebra for $\operatorname{PGL}_n$ Fock-Goncharov $\mathcal{X}$ moduli space
Creators: name: Sun, Zhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M50 (Primary), 14L35 (Secondary)

description: The {\em rank $n$ swapping algebra} is a Poisson algebra defined on the set of ordered pairs of points of the circle using linking numbers, whose geometric model is given by a certain subspace of $(\mathbb{K}^n \times \mathbb{K}^{n*})^r/\operatorname{GL}(n,\mathbb{K})$. For any ideal triangulation of $D_k$---a disk with $k$ points on its boundary, using determinants, we find an injective Poisson algebra homomorphism from the fraction algebra generated by the Fock--Goncharov coordinates for $\mathcal{X}_{\operatorname{PGL}_n,D_k}$ to the rank $n$ swapping multifraction algebra for $r=k\cdot(n-1)$ with respect to the (Atiyah--Bott--)Goldman Poisson bracket and the swapping bracket. This is the building block of the general surface case. Two such injective Poisson algebra homomorphisms related to two ideal triangulations $\mathcal{T}$ and $\mathcal{T}'$ are compatible with each other under the flips.
description: Revised for submission, previous section 5 is removed, new added section 7, 36 pages, 12 figures
title: Diderot dramaturge et theoricien du drame
Creators: name: Frederick Connon, Derek
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: It is the purpose of chapter one of this thesis to examine the relationships between the theory expressed in Diderot's two dramatic treatises (the Entretiens sur 'Le Fils naturel' and the Discours de la poesie dramatique) and the practice demonstrated in his various plays and dramatic sketches. It is found that the commonplace preconception that Diderot's dramatic theory is brilliantly innovative whilst his plays are flat and uninspired cannot fully be accepted: many of the ideas expressed in the theoretical works had already been put forward by earlier French writers whilst the plays, although containing a large number of traditional devices, do put into practice many of Diderot's suggested innovations. Although not conforming many of Diderot's suggested innovations. Although not conforming to the model of the drame which is discussed in his dramatic theory, Diderot's last play, Est-il bon? Est-il mechant?, can be seen to be a remarkably complex and inventive comedy and undoubtedly his greatest theatrical achievement.
Prevalence of Diabetes Among Hispanics/Latinos From Diverse Backgrounds: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)
Creators: name: Barnhart, Janice
name: LaVange, Lisa M.
name: Cowie, Catherine C.
name: Villa-Caballero, Leonel
name: Giachello, Aida L.
name: Carnethon, Mercedes
name: Schneiderman, Neil
name: Llabre, Maria
name: Kaplan, Robert C.
name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: Gallo, Linda C.
name: Avilés-Santa, M. Larissa
name: Teng, Yanping
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: OBJECTIVEWe examine differences in prevalence of diabetes and rates of awareness and control among adults from diverse Hispanic/Latino backgrounds in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThe HCHS/SOL, a prospective, multicenter, population-based study, enrolled from four U.S. metropolitan areas from 2008 to 2011 16,415 18–74-year-old people of Hispanic/Latino descent. Diabetes was defined by either fasting plasma glucose, impaired glucose tolerance 2 h after a glucose load, glycosylated hemoglobin (A1C), or documented use of hypoglycemic agents (scanned medications).RESULTSDiabetes prevalence varied from 10.2% in South Americans and 13.4% in Cubans to 17.7% in Central Americans, 18.0% in Dominicans and Puerto Ricans, and 18.3% in Mexicans (P < 0.0001). Prevalence related positively to age (P < 0.0001), BMI (P < 0.0001), and years living in the U.S. (P = 0.0010) but was negatively related to education (P = 0.0005) and household income (P = 0.0043). Rate of diabetes awareness was 58.7%, adequate glycemic control (A1C <7%, 53 mmol/mol) was 48.0%, and having health insurance among those with diabetes was 52.4%.CONCLUSIONSPresent findings indicate a high prevalence of diabetes but considerable diversity as a function of Hispanic background. The low rates of diabetes awareness, diabetes control, and health insurance in conjunction with the negative associations between diabetes prevalence and both household income and education among Hispanics/Latinos in the U.S. have important implications for public health policies.
Automatic code generation enables nuclear gradient computations for fully internally contracted multireference theory
Creators: name: MacLeod, Matthew K.
name: Shiozaki, Toru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytical nuclear gradients for fully internally contracted complete active space second-order perturbation theory (CASPT2) are reported. This implementation has been realized by an automated code generator that can handle spin-free formulas for the CASPT2 energy and its derivatives with respect to variations of molecular orbitals and reference coefficients. The underlying complete active space self-consistent field and the so-called Z-vector equations are solved using density fitting. The implementation has been applied to the vertical and adiabatic ionization potentials of the porphin molecule to illustrate its capability.
Prevalence of Diabetes in U.S. Youth in 2009: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study
Creators: name: Imperatore, G.
name: Dabelea, D.
name: Divers, J.
name: Pettitt, D. J.
name: Liese, A. D.
name: Standiford, D. A.
name: Hamman, R. F.
name: Talton, J.
name: Lawrence, J. M.
name: Pihoker, C.
name: Mayer-Davis, E. J.
name: Linder, B.
name: Saydah, S. H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: OBJECTIVETo estimate the prevalence of diabetes in U.S. youth aged <20 years in 2009 and to estimate the total number of youth with diabetes in the U.S. by age, race/ethnicity, and diabetes type.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSTo address one of its primary aims, the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study identified youth aged <20 years on 31 December 2009 with physician-diagnosed diabetes in selected areas of Colorado, Ohio, South Carolina, and Washington, among health plan members of Kaiser Permanente Southern California and among American Indians living on reservations in Arizona and New Mexico. Diabetes was classified as type 1, type 2, or other. Race/ethnicity was by self-report.RESULTSFrom a population of 3,458,974 youth aged <20 years, 7,695 youth with diabetes were identified (2.22/1,000): 6,668 with type 1 diabetes (1.93/1,000), 837 with type 2 diabetes (0.24/1,000), and 190 (0.05/1,000) with other diabetes types. Prevalence increased with age, was slightly higher in females than males, and was most prevalent in non-Hispanic White and least prevalent in Asian/Pacific Islanders, with Native American and black youth having the highest prevalence of type 2 diabetes. An estimated 191,986 U.S. youth aged <20 years have diabetes; 166,984 type 1 diabetes, 20,262 type 2 diabetes, and 4,740 other types.CONCLUSIONSDiabetes, one of the leading chronic diseases in childhood, affects >190,000 (1 of 433) youth aged <20 years in the U.S., with racial and ethnic disparities seen in diabetes prevalence, overall and by diabetes type.
The Subaru FMOS Galaxy Redshift Survey (FastSound). II. The Emission Line Catalog and Properties of Emission Line Galaxies
Creators: name: Okada, Hiroyuki
name: Totani, Tomonori
name: Tonegawa, Motonari
name: Akiyama, Masayuki
name: Dalton, Gavin
name: Glazebrook, Karl
name: Iwamuro, Fumihide
name: Ohta, Kouji
name: Takato, Naruhisa
name: Tamura, Naoyuki
name: Yabe, Kiyoto
name: Bunker, Andrew J.
name: Goto, Tomotsugu
name: Hikage, Chiaki
name: Ishikawa, Takashi
name: Okumura, Teppei
name: Shimizu, Ikkoh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present basic properties of $\sim$3,300 emission line galaxies detected by the FastSound survey, which are mostly H$α$ emitters at $z \sim$ 1.2-1.5 in the total area of about 20 deg$^2$, with the H$α$ flux sensitivity limit of $\sim 1.6 \times 10^{-16} \rm erg \ cm^{-2} s^{-1}$ at 4.5 sigma. This paper presents the catalogs of the FastSound emission lines and galaxies, which will be open to the public in the near future. We also present basic properties of typical FastSound H$α$ emitters, which have H$α$ luminosities of $10^{41.8}$-$10^{43.3}$ erg/s, SFRs of 20--500 $M_\odot$/yr, and stellar masses of $10^{10.0}$--$10^{11.3}$ $M_\odot$. The 3D distribution maps for the four fields of CFHTLS W1--4 are presented, clearly showing large scale clustering of galaxies at the scale of $\sim$ 100--600 comoving Mpc. Based on 1,105 galaxies with detections of multiple emission lines, we estimate that contamination of non-H$α$ lines is about 4% in the single-line emission galaxies, which are mostly [OIII]$λ$5007. This contamination fraction is also confirmed by the stacked spectrum of all the FastSound spectra, in which H$α$, [NII]$λλ$6548,6583, [SII]$λλ$6717, 6731, and [OI]$λλ$6300,6364 are seen.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ
title: Host-helminth dynamics in a cyclic population of field voles
Creators: name: Frances Gebert, Stephanie
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: A large body of research exists on the helminth parasites that infect rodent hosts. Whereas a number of studies have assessed the importance of ecological factors on the infection levels in host populations, there are very few longitudinal studies of helminths in rodents, where parasitic infections are monitored m individual hosts over a period of time. This thesis uses faecal egg counts to assess the infection status of marked field voles in Kielder forest, UK, and relates the helminth parasites to intrinsic and extrinsic factors. The field vole population undergoes multi-annual cycles and the varying density of the voles directly affects the start and end dates of the breeding season and the survival of voles within the population.
title: Investigating roles for the deubiquitylating enzymes in the PtdIns3-K/PKB pathway in cancer
Creators: name: Sacco, Joseph
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PtdIns3-K) signalling is a crucial survival pathway in multiple malignancies, and an exciting target for drug development. The pathway is subject to multiple regulatory mechanisms including ubiquitylation, a reversible process that can influence protein stability, localisation and activity. A family of approximately 80 deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) are responsible for the cleavage of ubiquitin and ubiquitin chains from protein substrates. The DUBs are attractive drug targets and have increasingly been implicated in cellular processes germane to malignancy, including the PtdIns3-K pathway. The aim of this study was to systematically identify DUBs involved in regulating the pathway, with a particular view to identifying potential novel drug targets. The project employed a DUB siRNA library to perform a series of RNAi screens using two complementary approaches. In the first approach, the effects of DUB depletion on the protein level of nine PtdIns3-K pathway components (p110α, p110β, p110γ, p85α, p170, PDK1, PTEN, Akt, and mTOR) were assayed by immunoblotting. DUBs whose depletion either increased or decreased the protein level of these components were subject to further validation. Of particular interest were five DUBs (PRPF8, TNFAIP3, USP32, USP34 and OTUD1) whose depletion decreased the level of PDK1. In addition, depletion of three closely related members of the Josephin family of DUBs (ATXN3, ATXN3L and JOSD1) resulted in an increase in the protein level of the tumour suppressor PTEN. In view of the potential clinical utility of upregulating PTEN, the latter DUBs were prioritised for further investigation. Initial investigation indicates that all three DUBs alter PTEN level at a transcriptional level. Moreover, the effects of ATXN3 appear to be independent of its known function in modulation of histone acetylation status. The second approach utilised a U2OS cell line stably transfected with EGFP tagged FOXO3, in which PtdIns3-K dependent FOXO3 translocation could be assessed by live-cell imaging. This enabled the design of a functional screen in which the effects of DUB depletion on downstream PtdIns3-K signalling were assessed. Among the DUBs identified in this screen was USP45, depletion of which enhanced nuclear translocation of FOXO3-EGFP in response to PtdIns3-K inhibition. Several DUBs regulating FOXO3-EGFP abundance were also identified in this screen, including USP1 and USPL1 whose depletion respectively decreased and increased FOXO3-EGFP levels. The screen additionally identified three DUBs (USP8, OTUD4 and DUB4) whose depletion was synthetically lethal with PI-103 treatment. In summary, several DUB modulators of the PtdIns3-K pathway were identified that, subject to further mechanistic and functional studies, may increase the options available for targeting this vital pathway in malignancy.
Superglass phase of interaction-blockaded gases on a triangular lattice
Creators: name: Angelone, Adriano
name: Mezzacapo, Fabio
name: Pupillo, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the quantum phases of monodispersed bosonic gases confined to a triangular lattice and interacting via a class of soft-shoulder potentials. The latter correspond to soft-core potentials with an additional hard-core onsite interaction. Using exact quantum Monte Carlo simulations, we show that the low temperature phases for weak and strong interactions following a temperature quench are a homogeneous superfluid and a glass, respectively. The latter is an insulating phase characterized by inhomogeneity in the density distribution and structural disorder. Remarkably, we find that for intermediate interaction strengths a {\it superglass} occurs in an extended region of the phase diagram, where glassy behavior coexists with a sizable finite superfluid fraction. This glass phase is obtained in the absence of geometrical frustration or external disorder and is a result of the competition of quantum fluctuations and cluster formation in the corresponding classical ground state. For high enough temperature, the glass and superglass turn into a floating stripe solid and a supersolid, respectively. Given the simplicity and generality of the model, these phases should be directly relevant for state-of-the-art experiments with Rydberg-dressed atoms in optical lattices.
description: 5.5+3.5 pages, 4+4 figures
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Among Hispanics/Latinos of Diverse Background: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Creators: name: Avilés-Santa, Larissa
name: Kaplan, Robert
name: Carnethon, Mercedes
name: Giachello, Aida
name: Teng, Yanping
name: Llabre, Maria M.
name: Snyder, Michelle L.
name: Gallo, Linda
name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: Cowie, Catherine
name: Loehr, Laura
name: Schneiderman, Neil
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Approximately one-third of the adult U.S. population has the metabolic syndrome. Its prevalence is the highest among Hispanic adults, but variation by Hispanic/Latino background is unknown. Our objective was to quantify the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among men and women 18–74 years of age of diverse Hispanic/Latino background.
Atmospheric Research Services Report on Requirements and Specifications
Creators: name: Vitorino, Ricardo
name: Cardoso, Francisco
name: Karantzalos, Konstantinos
name: Rapsomanikis, Spyridon
name: Chondros, Nikos
name: Konstantopoulos, Michalis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: EOSC
Services
Cloud Computing
Atmospheric Research

description: The objective of deliverable D3.2 is to report on final updates of user requirements and specifications accomplished for the software development plan of the Atmospheric Research Services latest release. This document reports on Atmospheric end-user communities, involved datasets and products and the current status of the Atmospheric Services developed according to the requirements, specifications and development plan initially set on deliverable D3.1 and significantly updated with the validations of the services concerning the users’ requirements and recommendations. Results of these validations are detailed in this report. Each service validation round allowed to understand the degree of user satisfaction and upgrade the services developed. Furthermore, the validations allowed checking the degree of compliance with the specifications designed to meet the user’s requirements defined in D3.1. These results were obtained from surveys made to users (google forms format) which may be seen in deliverable D3.4 and D.6.
The Reality of Type 2 Diabetes Prevention
Creators: name: Kahn, Richard
name: Davidson, Mayer B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Efforts to reduce the burden of type 2 diabetes include attempts to prevent or delay the onset of the disease. Landmark clinical trials have shown that lifestyle modification programs focused on weight loss can delay the onset of type 2 diabetes in subjects at high risk of developing the disease. Building on this knowledge, many community-based studies have attempted to replicate the trial results and, simultaneously, payers have begun to cover diabetes prevention services. This article focuses on the evidence supporting the premise that community prevention efforts will be successful. Unfortunately, no study has shown that diabetes can be delayed or prevented in a community setting, and efforts to replicate the weight loss achieved in the trials have been mostly disappointing. Furthermore, both the clinical trials and the community-based prevention studies have not shown a beneficial effect on any diabetes-related clinical outcome. While the goal of diabetes prevention is extremely important, the absence of any persuasive evidence for the effectiveness of community programs calls into question whether the use of public funds or national prevention initiatives should be supported at this time.
Vortex Polarity Switching in Magnets with Surface Anisotropy
Creators: name: Pylypovskyi, Oleksandr V.
name: Sheka, Denis D.
name: Kravchuk, Volodymyr P.
name: Gaididei, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vortex core reversal in magnetic particle is essentially influenced by a surface anisotropy. Under the action of a perpendicular static magnetic field the vortex core undergoes a shape deformationof pillow- or barrel-shaped type, depending on the type of the surface anisotropy. This deformation plays a key point in the switching mechanism: We predict that the vortex polarity switching is accompanied (i) by a linear singularity in case of Heisenberg magnet with bulk anisotropy only and (ii) by a point singularities in case of surface anisotropy or exchange anisotropy. We study in details the switching process using spin-lattice simulations and propose a simple analytical description using a wired core model, which provides an adequate description of the Bloch point statics, its dynamics and the Bloch point mediated switching process. Our analytical predictions are confirmed by spin-lattice simulations for Heisenberg magnet and micromagnetic simulations for nanomagnet with account of a dipolar interaction.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures
The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study: Rationale, Findings, and Future Directions
Creators: name: Bell, Ronny A.
name: Linder, Barbara
name: Dolan, Lawrence
name: Dabelea, Dana
name: Rodriguez, Beatriz L.
name: Saydah, Sharon
name: Hamman, Richard F.
name: Imperatore, Giuseppina
name: D’Agostino, Ralph B.
name: Lawrence, Jean M.
name: Marcovina, Santica M.
name: Pihoker, Catherine
name: Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth (SEARCH) study was initiated in 2000, with funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and support from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, to address major knowledge gaps in the understanding of childhood diabetes. SEARCH is being conducted at five sites across the U.S. and represents the largest, most diverse study of diabetes among U.S. youth. An active registry of youth diagnosed with diabetes at age <20 years allows the assessment of prevalence (in 2001 and 2009), annual incidence (since 2002), and trends by age, race/ethnicity, sex, and diabetes type. Prevalence increased significantly from 2001 to 2009 for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes in most age, sex, and race/ethnic groups. SEARCH has also established a longitudinal cohort to assess the natural history and risk factors for acute and chronic diabetes-related complications as well as the quality of care and quality of life of persons with diabetes from diagnosis into young adulthood. Many youth with diabetes, particularly those from low-resourced racial/ethnic minority populations, are not meeting recommended guidelines for diabetes care. Markers of micro- and macrovascular complications are evident in youth with either diabetes type, highlighting the seriousness of diabetes in this contemporary cohort. This review summarizes the study methods, describes key registry and cohort findings and their clinical and public health implications, and discusses future directions.
We Can Change the Natural History of Type 2 Diabetes
Creators: name: Kahn, Steven E.
name: Phillips, Lawrence S.
name: Buse, John B.
name: Ratner, Robert E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: As diabetes develops, we currently waste the first ∼10 years of the natural history. If we found prediabetes and early diabetes when they first presented and treated them more effectively, we could prevent or delay the progression of hyperglycemia and the development of complications. Evidence for this comes from trials where lifestyle change and/or glucose-lowering medications decreased progression from prediabetes to diabetes. After withdrawal of these interventions, there was no “catch-up”—cumulative development of diabetes in the previously treated groups remained less than in control subjects. Moreover, achieving normal glucose levels even transiently during the trials was associated with a substantial reduction in subsequent development of diabetes. These findings indicate that we can change the natural history through routine screening to find prediabetes and early diabetes, combined with management aimed to keep glucose levels as close to normal as possible, without hypoglycemia. We should also test the hypothesis with a randomized controlled trial.
Star formation in Chamaeleon I and III: a molecular line study of the starless core population
Creators: name: Tsitali, A. E.
name: Belloche, A.
name: Garrod, R. T.
name: Parise, B.
name: Menten, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Chamaeleon clouds are excellent targets for low-mass star formation studies. Cha I and II are actively forming stars while Cha III shows no sign of ongoing star formation. We aim to determine the driving factors that have led to the very different levels of star formation activity in Cha I and III and examine the dynamical state and possible evolution of the starless cores within them. Observations were performed in various molecular transitions with APEX and Mopra. Five cores are gravitationally bound in Cha I and one in Cha III. The infall signature is seen toward 8-17 cores in Cha I and 2-5 cores in Cha III, which leads to a range of 13-28% of the cores in Cha I and 10-25% of the cores in Cha III that are contracting and may become prestellar. Future dynamical interactions between the cores will not be dynamically significant in either Cha I or III, but the subregion Cha I North may experience collisions between cores within ~0.7 Myr. Turbulence dissipation in the cores of both clouds is seen in the high-density tracers N2H+ 1-0 and HC3N 10-9. Evidence of depletion in the Cha I core interiors is seen in the abundance distributions of C17O, C18O, and C34S. Both contraction and static chemical models indicate that the HC3N to N2H+ abundance ratio is a good evolutionary indicator in the prestellar phase for both gravitationally bound and unbound cores. In the framework of these models, we find that the cores in Cha III and the southern part of Cha I are in a similar evolutionary stage and are less chemically evolved than the central region of Cha I. The measured HC3N/N2H+ abundance ratio and the evidence for contraction motions seen towards the Cha III starless cores suggest that Cha III is younger than Cha I Centre and that some of its cores may form stars in the future. The cores in Cha I South may on the other hand be transient structures. (abridged)
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. The resolution of Figure 2 has been degraded and the abstract in the metadata has been shortened to fit within the limits set by arXiv
Determinants of Adherence to Diabetes Medications: Findings From a Large Pharmacy Claims Database
Creators: name: Levin, Rebecca
name: Rowan-Martin, Megan T.
name: Aubert, Ronald E.
name: Fonseca, Vivian A.
name: Herman, William H.
name: Schmittdiel, Julie A.
name: Kirkman, M. Sue
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Adults with diabetes typically take multiple medications for hyperglycemia, diabetes-associated conditions, and other comorbidities. Medication adherence is associated with improved outcomes, including reduced health care costs, hospitalization, and mortality. We conducted a retrospective analysis of a large pharmacy claims database to examine patient, medication, and prescriber factors associated with adherence to antidiabetic medications.