Cheiloneurus loresa Noyes 2023, sp.nov.
Creators: name: Noyes, John Stuart
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Encyrtidae
Cheiloneurus
Cheiloneurus loresa

description: Cheiloneurus loresa sp.nov.   
(Figs 637-643)  
 DIAGNOSIS. Female (length about 1.5mm): body generally dark brown to black with a metallic sheen; antenna (Fig. 639) with scape dark brown with apex pale orange; pedicel dark brown proximally, venter and apex pale orange; funicle yellow to pale orange, clava dark brown; mesoscutum with translucent, slightly silvery setae; fore and hind coxae white, mid coxa dark brown mixed white or pale yellow; hind tibia dark brown, legs otherwise white to pale orange mixed dark brown; fore wing (Fig. 640) hyaline; head (Fig. 638) about 4.7X as wide as frontovertex, in facial view about as broad as long and subcircular, gena weakly and fairly evenly curved; frontovertex without setae medially below anterior ocellus; area between eye and scrobe about as wide as anterior ocellus, with shallow sculpture, scrobal margin dorsally and laterally rounded; interantennal prominence dorsally rounded with only a few inconspicuous setae; mandible with two long, acute, lower teeth and a very short upper tooth; antenna (Fig. 639) with scape about 3.5X as long as broad; funicle segments mostly transverse. F1 subquadrate; flagellum about as long as head width; linear sensilla on F5-F6; clava 3-segmented, slightly longer than funicle, sensory area extending very nearly 0.5X along ventral surface; mesoscutum (Fig. 641) with imbricate reticulate sculpture; scutellum with distinct apical tuft of setae; wings fully developed; fore wing (Fig. 640) about 2.7X as long as broad; parastigma not curved downwards; costal cell dorsally with 5 or 6 setae at apex and a single complete line of setae ventrally; area below proximal part of parastigma with a group of about 10 pale setae; apices of postmarginal and stigmal veins (Fig. 643) not connected by a naked hyaline area; apical bristle of postmarginal vein not more than one-third as long as marginal vein; mid tibial spur hardly longer than basitarsus; propodeum (Fig. 641) with about 15 setae around each spiracle, side naked; syntergum about as long as mid tibia; ovipositor (Fig. 642) about 3.2X gonostylus or 1.4X mid tibia; gonostylus about 1.2X mid tibial spur; exserted part of ovipositor 0.2X mid tibial spur. Male: unknown.   
Female (holotype): length, including ovipositor, 1.45mm; excluding ovipositor, 1.43mm (CPD).  
Head black with a dull metallic green and purple sheen on frontovertex, scrobal area mostly with a purple sheen with some copper above mouth margin; purple area of scrobes extending between eye and scrobe, shining metallic green and coppery purple outside this; temple predominantly shining metallic green mixed with some copper along eye margin and brassy areas; gena metallic green immediately below eye, otherwise coppery purple; frontovertex clothed with inconspicuous dark brown setae; antenna (Fig. 639) with radicle dark brown; scape mostly dark brown with apical one-third pale orange; pedicel dark brown in proximal two-thirds, apex and venter pale orange; funicle with F1-F3 pale orange, F4-F6 yellow; clava dark brown; thorax mostly dark brown to black; pronotum with a dull coppery-purple sheen; mesoscutum clothed with fairly conspicuous, evenly distributed, pale, translucent setae and metallic blue-green with some brassy reflections, especially posteriorly, posterior margin coppery purple; tegula dark brown; scutellum clothed with dark brown setae, mostly matt, posteriorly with a coppery purple sheen, sides and apex shining metallic green with some coppery reflections; metanotum with a slight purple sheen; mesopleuron largely dark purple with some blue reflections anteriorly; fore coxa white, femur proximally white but mostly brown in apical half; fore tibia pale orange with a diffuse brown subbasal band; mid coxa dark brown, apically very pale yellow or white; mid femur white with a broad subapical dark brown band in apical one-third; mid tibia pale orange with a broad, brown subbasal band in proximal one-third; hind coxa white; hind femur white with apical half dark brown; hind tibia dark brown, narrowly dusky pale yellow proximally, slightly more than apical one-third pale yellow; all tarsi pale orange; pretarsi brownish; fore wing (Fig. 640) completely hyaline, venation pale brown; propodeum dark purple-brown; sides metallic green with conspicuous silvery setae in spiracular area; gaster dark purple-brown, Gt1 distinctly metallic green; remainder of gaster mixed brassy, sides of apical tergites metallic green; outer plates of ovipositor blue-green; gonostylus dark brown.  
Head (Fig. 638) about 4.7X as wide as frontovertex with occipital margin sharp and without a median groove to foramen; ocelli forming an angle of about 40°; frontovertex slightly shiny, with conspicuous reticulate sculpture of mesh size slightly smaller than diameter of eye facet; scrobes, interantennal prominence and mouth margin with shallow sculpture, almost smooth; temple and posterior gena completely smooth adjacent to eye margin but posteriorly with shallow, irregular sculpture; scrobes moderately deep, meeting dorsally, dorsal and lateral margins weakly rounded; antenna as in Fig. 639; scape slightly broadened and flattened, about 3.5X as long as broad; funicle with F1 subquadrate, all other segments transverse and broadening distad, linear sensilla present only on F5-6; clava slightly longer than funicle, both sutures slightly oblique, sensory area hardly longer than ventral surface, forming an oblique truncation that extends a little less than half-way along clava; eye virtually reaching occipital margin, separated by much less than diameter of facet and clothed in fairly conspicuous setae that are each about as long as diameter of facet; malar sulcus absent; mandible with 2 long, acute lower teeth and a very short upper tooth. Relative measurements: HW 74.5, HH 74, FV 16, OD 5.5, POL 7.5, OOL 1, OCL 7, AOL 10.5, EL 49, EW 39, MS 28, SL 40, SW 11.5.  
Thorax (Fig. 641) with shallow, irregular, polygonally reticulate sculpture on pronotum, of slightly larger mesh size than on frontovertex; sculpture on mesoscutum largely similar but imbricate reticulate and very slightly obliquely elongate anteriorly; sculpture on axilla coarser and reticulate; scutellum mostly with coarse, longitudinally elongate, reticulate sculpture almost forming whorls, extreme apex and sides completely smooth; visible part of mesoscutum about 2X as broad as long; scutellum about as long as broad, subapical tuft distinct, setae about one-third as long as scutellum; hind femur about 3.5X as long as broad; fore wing with venation and setation as in Figs 640, 643; costal cell with 6 setae dorsally at apex; no naked streak present between apices of postmarginal and stigmal veins (Fig. 643); propodeum (Fig. 641) with 12 or 13 setae in spiracular area, side naked, medially about 0.1X as long as scutellum and smooth. Relative measurements: FWL 82, FWW 30.5; HWL 63, HWW 14.5.  
Gaster without “gland-like” structures on Gt1 or Gt5; hypopygium (Fig. 637) reaching about 0.4X to apex; ovipositor (Fig. 642) hardly exserted, the exserted part about 0.2X as long as mid tibial spur or about 0.1X as long as mid tibia; syntergum about as long as mid tibia. Relative measurements: OL 50, GL 15.5 [MT 36].  
Variation. Only holotype examined.  
Male. Unknown.  
DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica.  
HOSTS. Unknown.  
MATERIAL EXAMINED.  
 Type material. Holotype E: COSTA RICA, Alajuela, PN Arenal, Sect. la Peninsula, LN 271500 453800, 600m, #54382, i.2000 (G. Carballo). Holotype in NHMUK.   
 COMMENTS. Cheiloneurus loresa is very similar to rosea and, apart from the relatively narrower fore wing (see key), differs in lacking linear sensilla on F4 and having a relatively longer hypopygium. In loresa the hypopygium is at least 0.6X as long as broad, whilst in rosea it is not more than 0.5X as long as broad.
description: Published as part of Noyes, John Stuart, 2023, ENCYRTIDAE OF COSTA RICA (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA), 4 Subfamily Encyrtinae: tribes Arrhenophagini, Habrolepidini, Cerapterocerini, Cheiloneurini, Trechnitini, Cercobelini, Polaszekiini, Protyndarichoidini, Gahaniellini and Syrphophagini (part), mainly primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids of Coccoidea and Psylloidea (Hemiptera), pp. 1-921 in Taxonomic Monographs on Neotropical Hymenoptera (Oxford, England) (Oxford, England) 2 (11) on pages 257-259, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8074943