cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An Evaluation of the Impact of Improved Dryland Technology on Factor Shares
Creators: name: Ghodake, R.D.
name: Kshirsagar, K.G.
name: Ghodake, R.D.
name: Kshirsagar, K.G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The potential effects of improved sot! and water management technology on factor shares m d1yland agnculture are evaluated by usmg data from an on-farm verification expenment conducted m 1981/82 m TaddanpaUyvillage, Andhra Pradesh, India. The results show that the improved tecl111ologyoccup1es 75 and 90 percent of operated land and yields attractive rates of return of 134 and 147 percent on average large and small farms, respectively In general, the technology increases the poss1b1ltty of substitutmg labour for land, and capital for labour as well as land. A prominent rtse m the returns to management underlmes the role of extensmn and other development agencies m 1mprovmg skills and managenal capabihtles of the farmer.
Agricultural Interaction in Southern Africa: Cooperation or Confrontation
Creators: name: Rooyen, Johan Van
name: Fenyes, Tamas
name: Rooyen, Johan Van
name: Fenyes, Tamas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Agribusiness
International Development

description: Ignoring the abnormal drought of the past 3 years, the economic growth performances of most countries in southern Africa have been good-by African standards. However, with the exceptmn of commerc1al farming, agricultural production has stagnated or declined m the indigenous rural sectors where the majority of the populations of southern Afncan countnes continue to live. As in other parts of Africa, food production in particular has not kept pace with growth of rural populations, let alone provided for expanding urban demand. Africa's mability to feed itself amid vast amounts of unused land and record levels of foreign aid 1s, on the surface1 one of the major paradoxes of Third World development. The Repubhc of South Afnca (RSA), on the other hand, largely succeeds in feeding its population while its agricultural exports pay for 22 percent of total imports. Apart from those dramatic economic differences between the RSA and the other southern African states, polttical differences are also highly visible. Whereas the RSA, as the dominant econom1c and regional power in this turbulent subcontinent, ought to play a vital role in development and economic cooperatmn, the potential for conflict and confrontation due to political differences is evident and equally dramatic. In this paper, the performance of agriculture m southern Africa is analyzed to determine whether it can be the basis for meaningful economic cooperation to counter the forces of confrontation.
A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Frestry in the British Isles: The Case of Nothern Ireland
Creators: name: Kula, Erhun
name: Kula, Erhun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Land Economics/Use

description: The British Isles are one of the most favourable locations for afforestation in Europe. Their mild and moist climate and soil types are ideal for tree growth. Despite their comparitive advantage, however, the islands are the second baldest spot in Europe, with tree coverage only about 7 percent of the total land surface. The main reason for the neglect of forestry in the islands is that the ground rules laid down to evaluate public sector investments in the UK proved to be unsuitable for afforestation projects, which are mostly carried out by the government. Those rules, erroneously, made forestry a low return investment. In the face of recent developments in the theory of social time discounting, this paper reevaluates the worth of forestry projects in the UK with ullustrations from the case of Northern Ireland.
Tuning the properties of high-Tc superconductor & Sr2IrO4, and exploring transport through single nanocrystals
Creators: name: Guo, Wenting
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: nanocrystal
quantum dot
high-Tc superconductivity

description: This thesis is composed of three projects including the AC magnetic susceptibility study of high-temperature superconductor YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$, the ionic-liquid gating study of the Mott insulator Sr$_2$IrO$_4$, and the single-electron study of quantum dot device with self-assembled nanocrystal PbS. Chapter 1 covers a general introduction to all three projects. The basic background and the motivation for each project are presented. Project I is covered in Chapter 2, Chapter 3, and Chapter 4. The first part of Chapter 2 is a theoretical introduction to the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer theory of superconductivity with its main conclusions presented. This chapter builds a basis for the use of high pressure technique to YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$ in the later chapters. The rest of Chapter 2 reviews the work in the study of high-temperature superconductors, especially on YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$, on both experiments and theories and the possible applications of high-temperature superconductors. Chapter 3 introduces the YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-\delta}$ sample preparation process and the characterisation. A dry cryomagnetic equipment was employed for the measurement. The results and the discussion are presented in Chapter 4. Project II is described in Chapter 5, Chapter 6, and Chapter 7. Chapter 5 firstly introduces the background knowledge of the gated material SrTiO$_3$ and the technical details of the ionic-liquid gating technique. Then the sample growth and the characterisation are presented. The fabrication process of Sr$_2$IrO$_4$ and SrTiO$_3$ (material for a control experiment) are described in Chapter 6. Chapter 7 covers the measurement and the result of the fabricated devices and related discussion. Project III ranges from Chapter 8, and Chapter 9. A literature review of quantum-dot devices and self-assembled nanocrystals is presented in Chapter 8. The experimental design of this nanocrystal quantum dot device is also included. Following it, the fabrication process of quantum-dot devices and the techniques used for fabrication are introduced in the start of Chapter 9. Chapter 9 also gives a description of the probe-station for measurements. The results and discussion of the measurements are covered in the last section of Chapter 9. Chapter 10 summarises and concludes the three projects stated above and gives some suggestions about the directions for future work.
Maternal and Infant Health Care of Seasonal Farmworkers in California
Creators: name: Torre, Adela
name: Torre, Adela
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Health Economics and Policy
Labor and Human Capital

description: This paper examines the impact of increased labour force participation in seasonal California agricultural employment of Mexican migrant women on maternal and infant health care. A hypothesis examined m this study is that inadequate prenatal, postpartum, and infant health care must be attributed to low participation rates in government programmes, infrequent use of medical services, and the large influence of custom on maternal and mfant health care. Survey evidence was based on a sample of 150 seasonal farm labour households in three major California counties. The evidence was compared with two other major California seasonal farm labour surveys in order to verify the hypothesis and to provtde information about the impact of the changing role of migrant females and famtlial health care. The study concludes that inadequate prenatal medical exams during pregnancy for those workingwomen may result in a higher incidence of birth-related problems; underpartic1pation m government programmes is strongly linked to cultural influences that associate pregnancy with a "normal" feature of those women's hves; low incidence of traditional methods of infant feeding (1.e., breastfeeding) is linked to the increased participation of those women in the seasonal agricultural work force; and custom plays a central role in postpartum and infant health care and, hence, has a direct impact on participation in available government health programmes.
Additional file 1 of Comparative evaluation of different molecular methods for DNA extraction from individual Teladorsagia circumcincta nematodes
Creators: name: Sloan, S.
name: Jenvey, C. J.
name: Piedrafita, D.
name: S. Preston
name: Stear, M. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Statistically significant differences in NanoDrop 2000™ and Qubit™ DNA concentration, and 260/230 nm absorbance ratio using the 11 DNA extraction methods according to the Dunn’s Multiple Comparison Test.
Fermion Mass and Mixing in a Low-Scale Seesaw Model based on the S4 Flavor Symmetry
Creators: name: Vien, V. V.
name: Long, H. N.
name: Hernández, A. E. Cárcamo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a low-scale seesaw model to generate the masses of active neutrinos based on $S_4$ flavor symmetry supplemented by the $Z_2 \times Z_3 \times Z_4 \times Z_{14}\times U(1)_L$ group, capable of reproducing the low energy Standard model (SM) fermion flavor data. The masses of the SM fermions and the fermionic mixings parameters are generated from a Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism after the spontaneous breaking of the $S_4\times Z_2 \times Z_3 \times Z_4 \times Z_{14}\times U(1)_L$ group. The obtained values for the physical observables of the quark and lepton sectors are in good agreement with the most recent experimental data. The leptonic Dirac CP violating phase $\de _{CP}$ is predicted to be $259.579^\circ$ and the predictions for the absolute neutrino masses in the model can also saturate the recent constraints.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, accepted version by PTEP
Labour Allocation and Productivity of Men and Women on Thai Farms
Creators: name: Pollard, Stephen K.
name: Meyer, Richard L.
name: Pollard, Stephen K.
name: Meyer, Richard L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Farm Management
Labor and Human Capital

description: This paper examiens the efficiency of labour allocation and the productivity of labour by gender between and within farms and nonfarm enterprises on Thai farms. Cobb-Douglas production functions are estimated for both types of enterprises, using disaggregated data. The estimated parameters of those functions are utilized to anaylze efficiency and productivity issues. The results showed that interenterprise efficiency can be enhanced by allocation more male labour to nonfarm enterprises and more female labour to farm enterprises, but cultural constraints may impede such substitution. Policy makers need to improve incentives for nonfarm enterprises.
Sub-milliarcsec-scale structure of the gravitational lens B1600+434
Creators: name: Patnaik, Alok R.
name: Kemball, Athol J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the gravitational lens system B1600+434 the brighter image, A, is known to show rapid variability which is not detected in the weaker image, B (Koopmans & de Bruyn 2000). Since correlated variability is one of the fundamental properties of gravitational lensing, it has been proposed that image A is microlensed by stars in the halo of the lensing galaxy (Koopmans & de Bruyn 2000). We present VLBA observations of B1600+434 at 15 GHz with a resolution of 0.5 milliarcsec to determine the source structure at high spatial resolution. The surface brightness of the images are significantly different, with image A being more compact. This is in apparent contradiction with the required property of gravitational lensing that surface brightness be preserved. Our results suggest that both the lensed images may show two-sided elongation at this resolution, a morphology which does not necessarily favour superluminal motion. Instead these data may suggest that image B is scatter-broadened at the lens so that its size is larger than that of A, and hence scintillates less than image A.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted in AA Letters
Lessons After Barbauld: The Conversational Primer in Late-Eighteenth-Century Britain
Creators: name: Lim, Jessica Wen Hui
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Anna Letitia Barbauld
Children's literature
Eighteenth century
Long Eighteenth Century

description: This thesis explores how Anna Letitia Barbauld’s book Lessons for Children Aged Two to Three Years (1778) facilitated the development of the conversational primer. This genre, which has not yet been theorised, may be identified by the way the texts present themselves as verisimilar and replicable sets of conversations, and depict parent-teachers and child-pupils as companions. This genre challenges the idea that there is a dichotomy between ‘adult’ and ‘child’ readers, a concept that inflects many contemporary approaches to children’s literature studies. Through a close reading of Lessons for Children and subsequent conversational primers, this thesis suggests that Barbauld’s Rational Dissenting value of discursive diversity influenced British middle-class children’s culture, enabling the voices of verisimilar children to proliferate children’s books on a previously unknown scale. The Introduction establishes ways in which concepts of child-parent relationships were used as paradigms for understanding modes of government in eighteenth-century Britain. Chapter One examines how children’s books prior to Lessons for Children addressed different types of implied child readers with the aim of producing members of an ideal society. Chapter Two explores how Barbauld created a space in which parents could participate in the children’s literature market through her introduction of the parent-author as a literary trope, her portrayals of verisimilar mother-child interactions in accessible, domestic spaces. Chapter Three charts how Lessons for Children became the prototype from which subsequent conversational primers drew their literary identity. The fourth chapter contextualises Lessons for Children as an expression of Barbauld’s Rational Dissent, and posits that the rise of the conversational primer is indicative of the influence of Rational Dissenting values upon British middle-class children’s culture. Chapter Five contrasts the afterlife of the conversational primer with children’s books that generated readers’ imaginative identification with characters. This comparison suggests that conversational primers encapsulated middle-class Georgian ideals regarding familial learning; an historical specificity that is, in part, responsible for the genre’s popular demise. This thesis studies the lifecycle of the conversational primer in the British children’s literature market. It examines the porousness between paratextual materials and texts, and shows how an individual author stimulated generic development by popularising specific literary tropes. By theorising the genre of the conversational primer, this study provides a new and productive discourse concerning adult-child interactions in children’s literature.
Additional file 1 of Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and stem cell factor (SCF) maintained the stemness of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) during long-term expansion by preserving mitochondrial function via the PI3K/AKT, ERK1/2, and STAT3 signaling pathways
Creators: name: Cao, Zeyuan
name: Xie, Yunyi
name: Yu, Le
name: Li, Yi
name: Wang, Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Data 1. Characterization of SHED.
MOESM1 of Individual variation of the masticatory system dominates 3D skull shape in the herbivory-adapted marsupial wombats
Creators: name: Weisbecker, Vera
name: Guillerme, Thomas
name: Cruise Speck
name: Sherratt, Emma
name: Hyab Abraha
name: Sharp, Alana
name: Terhune, Claire
name: Collins, Simon
name: Johnston, Stephen
name: Panagiotopoulou, Olga
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Additional analyses: 1A) Procrustes ANOVA tables for sexual dimorphism of Shape~Sex and Size~Sex; also compilable from the 06-Standard Analysis script on GitHub; 1B) Comparison of all analyses in Table 1 of the main manuscript with the full landmark dataset (a total of 761 and 577 for cranium and mandible, respectively) compared to the dataset with fixed landmarks and curve semilandmarks (261 and 142, respectively) and the dataset with only fixed landmarks (a total of 65 and 35, respectively). There are no differences between the analyses with and without surface semilandmarks (top and bottom of the table). There are very few differences between the analyses with all landmarks vs. analyses with just fixed landmarks; these exclusively concern cases where one analysis is not significant and the other is above 0.01, and thus very close to the significance cut-off of 0.05 already.
Analyzingthe Micro Economic Environment of Agricultural Product: Applying The “Diamond” Model to a Non – Profit Organization
Creators: name: Khuntonthong, Puttawan
name: Chakpitak, Nopasit
name: Neubert, Gilles
name: Khuntonthong, Puttawan
name: Chakpitak, Nopasit
name: Neubert, Gilles
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Farm Management
subject: Farmers
subject: Porter’s ‘diamond model’
subject: agricultural product
subject: competitive advantage

description: The main objective of this paper was to explore environmental factors affecting the success in terms of helping small scale farmers to participate in high-value market by employing Porter’s ‘Diamond model’. The environmental factors that enhanced competitiveness of the Bresse chicken cluster managed by a non-profit organization - the Royal Project Foundation - to help farmers gain income in Thailand were illustrated. According to the analysis, four favorable environmental factors consisted of factor conditions - human and knowledge resources from universities and research units, material and financial resources, and well developed infrastructure. The knowledge and requirements of customers to improve quality as well as an increase in demand were the factors in the attribute of demand conditions that had impacts on the advance of the cluster. The favorable factors in the attribute of the supporting departments consisted of the presence of a relevant cluster, and pull of supporting organizations. Furthermore, backward and forward integration and facility for joint working were the strategies that helped the project gain the advantage. The factors affecting the improvement in the cluster performance created by the government were import tariff and financial supports, and the chance that provided opportunity to the farmers to gain from this market was the growth in tourism sector. The existing environmental factors that provided opportunities for farmers to compete and participate in the high-value market resulted in an income generating.
Non-compact Calabi--Yau Manifolds and Localized Gravity
Creators: name: Antoniadis, Ignatios
name: Minasian, Ruben
name: Vanhove, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study localization of gravity in flat space in superstring theory. We find that an induced Einstein-Hilbert term can be generated only in four dimensions, when the bulk is a non-compact Calabi-Yau threefold with non-vanishing Euler number. The origin of this term is traced to R^4 couplings in ten dimensions. Moreover, its size can be made much larger than the ten-dimensional gravitational Planck scale by tuning the string coupling to be very small or the Euler number to be very large. We also study the width of the localization and discuss the problems for constructing realistic string models with no compact extra dimensions.
description: harvmac, 28 pages. v2: changes to the reference list, minor corrections to the text. Version to appear in NPB
Additional file 1 of Novel mesoporous silica nanocarriers containing gold; a rapid diagnostic tool for tuberculosis
Creators: name: Sun, Chang
name: Zhang, Xiaoying
name: Wang, Jialu
name: Chen, Yahao
name: Meng, Cunren
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Halting Planet Migration in the Evacuated Centers of Protoplanetary Disks
Creators: name: Kuchner, Marc J.
name: Lecar, Myron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise Doppler searches for extrasolar planets find a surfeit of planets with orbital periods of 3-4 days, and no planets with orbital periods less than 3 days. The circumstellar distance, R_0, where small grains in a protoplanetary disk reach sublimation temperature (~1500 K) corresponds to a period of ~6 days. Interior to R_0, turbulent accretion due to magneto-rotational instability may evacuate the disk center. We suggest that planets with orbital periods of 3-4 days are so common because migrating planets halt once this evacuated region contains the sites of their exterior 2:1 Lindblad resonances.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure, to appear in ApJ letters
Scionides reticulata
Creators: name: Londoño-Mesa, Mario H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Terebellida
Terebellidae
Scionides
Scionides reticulata

description: Scionides reticulata (Ehlers, 1887)
Figures 18 A-C
 Terebella reticulata Ehlers, 1887:245–248, Pl. 52, Figs 5–7, 14a,b (not 8a,b).— Hessle, 1917:184.— Hartman, 1938:18. Scionides reticulata.— Hartman, 1959:521.
 Type material: Holotype MCZ 840 (1) Key West, Florida, USA, "Blake Exp. 1877–78"; 1.8–3.6m.
 Description: Type specimen complete, in poor condition, dried out, broken in three pieces. Anterior fragment with 17 segments (Fig. 18A), middle one damaged, with 15 segments (Fig. 18B), posterior one with 16 segments (Fig. 18C). Body dark brown. Tentacular membrane with thick edge, short base; without tentacles attached. Upper lip short, projecting forward, undulating dorsally. Lower lip depressed (because of dehydratation). Fourteen ventral shields, slightly decreasing in size; ventral groove dividing shields in pairs in middle region and in abdomen. Nephridial papillae not seen. Branched branchiae incomplete and in poor condition. Notopodia conical, almost all notochaetae broken, few of them present, distally serrated, and twisted. Anterior thoracic uncini MF:2–3:2–3:2:1–2, PP triangular; PF absent; Oc slightly convex; Cp short with four rows of teeth; MF as long as twice the teeth in the first row; USr concave, rounded, almost closed, SrP and and SrA absent; LSr convex; AP triangular; AF absent. Posterior thoracic and abdominal uncini resembling those from anterior thoracic segments; abdominal ones smaller. Pygidium smooth, slightly damaged.
 Discussion: Since the original description, there have been no additional records of this species from the Caribbean. Hartman (1938) studied the type and added that notochaetae are distally serrated, which Banse (1980) confirmed. Thus, this genus is monotypic and valid. Banse (1980) wrongly suggested S. dux as a junior synonym of S. reticulata; rather it is a junior synonym of Neoamphitrite robusta (Johnson, 1901) as stated by Banse (1980).
 Finally, figures presented by Ehlers (1887) of uncini belong to P. cetrata, as it is indicated in the discussion of that species, and those from P. cetrata belong to S. reticulata.
 Type locality and distribution: Key West, Florida, USA.
description: Published as part of Londoño-Mesa, Mario H., 2009, Terebellidae (Polychaeta: Terebellida) from the Grand Caribbean region 2320, pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 2320 (1) on page 60, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2320.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5316176
Safety of Li-ion Batteries for Electric Vehicles
Creators: name: Andrey, Golubkov
Publisher: name: Graz University of Technology
Year: 2021
Subjects: Battery Safety
Electric Vehicles
Thermal Runaway

description: Doctoral thesis of Andrey Golubkov
description: Recent Li-ion battery technology enables mass production of affordable electricvehicles. Typical sizes of battery packs for new models of electric cars are 45 kW h to77 kW h (VW ID.3.). The energy density of the battery pack reached 160 W h kg−1(Tesla Model 3). The packs have a typical voltage of 400 V. Those packs give adriving range of 300 km to 500 km making the car practical, but when such a packfails, the large amount of stored energy might be released inside the battery, causingexcess heat, gas release and possibly a fire.The process of unwanted energy release of a Li-ion battery is called thermal runaway.The aim of this thesis was to quantify the different characteristics of the thermalrunaway and to generate a foundation to derive appropriate safety measures inbattery packs.At the beginning of the doctoral work a test stand for testing of smaller cells(<5 A h) was build. It was used to test easily available cylindrical cells at differentstate of charge. In the test series the cells were exposed to over temperature andit was recorded if thermal runaway occurred, at which temperature exothermicreaction started, the temperature rate, the maximum temperature as well as thecomposition and amount of released gas. Three cell types with different cathodeswere compared.Based on experience with smaller cells a second much bigger test stand was buildto test larger automotive Li-ion cells which are used by European car manufac-turer. The second test stand can be used with Li-ion cells up to 420 A h, it canaccommodate cell holder for different cell types and allows testing of differentcell-failure cases. It includes a significantly upgraded gas analysis equipment andmore channels for temperature measurement.Test results from two types of larger cells are included in this work. The first largetest cell (prismatic metal can, 50 A h) was tested with different over temperaturemodes. Different failure mechanisms were observed. The second cell type (pouchcell, 42 A h) was tested extensively at different state of charge and with differentheating modes including localized hot-spots on the cell surface. Critical parametersto trigger a thermal runaway and the propagation of the exothermic reaction alongthe cell were recorded.
An investigation of the function of adaptor protein complex 4 (AP-4)
Creators: name: Davies, Alexandra Katherine
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Membrane trafficking
Proteomics
Autophagy
Molecular mechanisms of disease
Adaptor protein complex
Hereditary spastic paraplegia

description: Vesicle trafficking provides the solution to the ‘sorting problem’ – how the eukaryotic cell maintains the distinct identities, and thus functional properties, of its membrane-bound organelles. During vesicle trafficking, proteins are selectively sorted into membrane bound transport intermediates by vesicle adaptors, which include those of the highly conserved adaptor protein (AP) complex family. Each AP complex has a distinct subcellular localisation and functions in the sorting of a specific subset of transmembrane cargo proteins. Adaptor protein complex 4 (AP-4) is one of the more recently identified AP complexes, whose function has largely remained elusive. In humans, AP-4 deficiency causes a severe neurological disorder, suggesting an important role in neuronal development and homeostasis. However, the pathomechanisms that underly the neuronal pathology in AP-4 deficiency are currently unknown. AP-4 is proposed to function in protein sorting at the trans-Golgi network (TGN), so AP-4 deficiency can be thought of as a disease of missorting. The aim of this study was to apply unbiased global proteomic approaches to define the composition of AP-4 vesicles and to identify physiological cargo proteins of the AP-4 pathway. Using ‘Dynamic Organellar Maps’ and comparative analysis of vesicle-enriched fractions from wild-type and AP-4-depleted cells, three ubiquitously expressed transmembrane cargo proteins, ATG9A, SERINC1 and SERINC3, were found to be mislocalised in AP-4-deficient cells. Two novel cytosolic AP-4 accessory proteins, RUSC1 and RUSC2, were also identified. Further proteomic analyses confirmed the interactions between these proteins. AP-4 deficiency was found to cause missorting of ATG9A in diverse cell types, including patient derived cells, as well as dysregulation of autophagy. RUSC2 facilitates the transport of AP-4-derived, ATG9A and SERINC-positive vesicles from the TGN to the cell periphery. These vesicles cluster in close association with autophagosomes, suggesting they are the ‘ATG9 reservoir’ required for autophagosome biogenesis. This study uncovers ATG9A trafficking as a ubiquitous function of the AP-4 pathway. Furthermore, it provides a potential molecular pathomechanism of AP-4 deficiency, through dysregulated spatial control of autophagy.
description: NIHR Cambridge BRC PhD Fellowship awarded to Alexandra K. Davies EMBO Short-Term Fellowship awarded to Alexandra K. Davies Wellcome Trust Principal Research Fellowship awarded to Margaret Robinson
Thermalizing Quantum Machines: Dissipation and Entanglement
Creators: name: Scarani, Valerio
name: Ziman, Mario
name: Stelmachovic, Peter
name: Gisin, Nicolas
name: Buzek, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relaxation of a quantum system towards the thermal equilibrium using tools developed within the context of quantum information theory. We consider a model in which the system is a qubit, and reaches equilibrium after several successive two-qubit interactions (thermalizing machines) with qubits of a reservoir. We characterize completely the family of thermalizing machines. The model shows a tight link between dissipation, fluctuations, and the maximal entanglement that can be generated by the machines. The interplay of quantum and classical information processes that give rise to practical irreversibility is discussed.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Appearance of hinge states in second-order topological insulators via the cutting procedure
Creators: name: Tanaka, Yutaro
name: Takahashi, Ryo
name: Murakami, Shuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, second-order topological insulators have been proposed as a new class of topological insulators. Second-order topological insulators are materials with gapped bulk and surfaces, but with topologically protected gapless states at the intersection of two surfaces. These gapless states are called hinge states. In this paper, we give a general proof that any insulators with inversion symmetry and gapped surface in class A always have hinge states when the $\mathbb{Z}_{4}$ topological index $μ_{1}$ is $μ_{1}=2$. We consider a three-dimensional insulator whose boundary conditions along two directions change by changing the hopping amplitudes across the boundaries. We study behaviors of gapless states through continuously changing boundary conditions along the two directions, and reveal that the behaviors of gapless states result from the $\mathbb{Z}_{4}$ strong topological index. From this discussion, we show that gapless states inevitably appear at the hinge of a three-dimensional insulator with gapped surfaces when the strong topological index is $\mathbb{Z}_{4}=2$ and the weak topological indices are $ν_{1}=ν_{2}=ν_{3}=0$.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures
Growth Performance Characteristics of Goats Fed Varied Levels of Poultry Manure in whole Cassava Plant Based Concentrate Diet
Creators: name: Yousuf, M.B.
name: Adeloye, A.A.
name: Okukpe, A.O.
name: Daramola, A.A.
name: Adeyemi, K.D.
name: Badmus, H. A.
name: Ogundun, N.A.
name: Yousuf, M.B.
name: Adeloye, A.A.
name: Okukpe, A.O.
name: Daramola, A.A.
name: Adeyemi, K.D.
name: Badmus, H. A.
name: Ogundun, N.A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Whole plant cassava
subject: poultry manure
subject: goats
subject: growth performance

description: A 56-day feed intake, growth and digestibility trial was carried out to investigate the use of poultry manure as a fermentable nitrogen source in whole cassava plant-based concentrate fed to goats on basal Panicummaximum hay (9.18 % CP). Sixteen adult (2 years old; 12.48 – 16.72 kg initial body weights) West African Dwarf goats were blocked on the basis of body weights into four similar groups that were assigned randomly to four treatments. Treatments consisted of dried poultry manure that was included in a cassava-based concentrate at 0, 14, 18 or 22 % level. Average feed intake (g/W0.725 kg) was reduced (p < 0.05) in goats fed poultry manure at 22 % inclusion level when compared with the other dietary groups. Effects of poultry manure treatments on digestibility of dry matter or crude protein, nitrogen retention and body weight gain were significant (p < 0.05). It was concluded that poultry manure could be used to complement cassava leaf meal in cassava plant-based concentrates for the goats. The use of poultry manure as a source of fermentable nitrogen would promote activities of rumen microbial populations for efficient fermentation and reduce the constraints associated with collection and processing of cassava leaf in sufficient quantity for inclusion in the diet.
Absorption Measurement of Hydrogen Molecules in the Early Universe
Creators: name: Shibai, Hiroshi
name: Takeuchi, Tsutomu T.
name: Rengarajan, T. N.
name: Hirashita, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the observability of hydrogen molecules in absorption. The absorption efficiency of the hydrogen molecules become comparable with or larger than that of the dust grains in the metal-poor condition expected in the early Universe. If we can use bright infrared continuum sources behind the molecular gas clouds, the absorption measurement of the hydrogen molecules will be an important technique to explore the primordial gas clouds that are contracting into first-generation objects.
description: 5 pages, to be published in PASJ, August 25, 2001
Additional file 2 of Comparative evaluation of different molecular methods for DNA extraction from individual Teladorsagia circumcincta nematodes
Creators: name: Sloan, S.
name: Jenvey, C. J.
name: Piedrafita, D.
name: S. Preston
name: Stear, M. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2. DNA extraction methods.
Global metallicity of globular cluster stars from colour-magnitude diagrams
Creators: name: Caputo, F.
name: Cassisi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed an homogeneous evolutionary scenario for H- and He-burning low-mass stars by computing updated stellar models for a wide metallicity and age range (0.0002$\le Z \le$0.004 and 9$\le t(Gyr) \le$15, respectively) suitable to study globular clusters. This theoretical scenario allows us to provide self-consistent predictions about the dependence of selected observational features of the colour-magnitude diagram, such as the brightness of the Turn Off (TO), Zero Age Horizontal Branch (ZAHB) and Red Giant Branch bump (BUMP), on the cluster metallicity and age. Taking into account these predictions, we introduce a new observable based on the visual magnitude difference between the TO and the ZAHB, and the TO and the RGB-bump, given by $A=ΔM_V$(TO-BUMP)$-0.566ΔM_V$(TO-ZAHB). We show that the parameter $A$ does not depend at all on the cluster age, whereas it does strongly depend on the cluster global metallicity. The calibration of the parameter $A$ as a function of $Z$ is then provided, as based on our evolutionary models. We tested the reliability of this result by also considering stellar models computed by other authors,employing different input physics. Eventually, we present clear evidence that the variation of $ΔM_V$(TO-BUMP) with $ΔM_V$(TO-ZAHB) does supply a powerful probe of the global metal abundance, at least when homogeneous theoretical frameworks are adopted. We provide an estimate of the global metallicity of 36 globular clusters in the Milky Way, based on our {\it A-Z} calibration, and a large observational database of Galactic GCs. By considering the empirical [Fe/H] scales by both Zinn & West (1984) and Carretta & Gratton (1997), we are also able to provide an estimate of the GC $α-$element enhancement.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, in press on MNRAS
Spinosphaera Hessle 1917
Creators: name: Londoño-Mesa, Mario H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Terebellida
Terebellidae
Spinosphaera

description: Spinosphaera Hessle, 1917
Hessle, 1917:207–209.— Hartman, 1944:274.— Londoño-Mesa, 2003:748, Figs1 A-F.
 Type species: Spinosphaera pacifica Hessle, 1917, by original designation.
 Diagnosis: Branchiae absent; eyespots sometimes present; lateral lappets absent; ventral shields from segment 1 or 2; nephridial papillae from segments 4–10, 12 or even segment 17; pairs of notopodia from segment 4, in variable number; notochaetae bilimbate capillaries on anterior thoracic notopodia (about seven chaetigers), and spinosphaera-chaetae on the rest of notopodia; pairs of neuropodia from segment 5; uncini avicular in single rows from segment 5–10; in double rows, arranged face to face, for some segments before posterior end or to the pygidium.
 Remarks: Only two species have been described in the Caribbean, S. carrerai Londoño-Mesa, 2003, from the southern Mexican Caribbean, and S. hutchingsae Londoño-Mesa, 2003, from the Mexican Caribbean. Since the genus has been recently revised (Londoño-Mesa, 2003) only a diagnosis is provided here. No additional specimens have been found of this genus, and thus both species are considered rare species in the region.
description: Published as part of Londoño-Mesa, Mario H., 2009, Terebellidae (Polychaeta: Terebellida) from the Grand Caribbean region 2320, pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 2320 (1) on pages 60-62, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2320.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5316176
Contributions of ICTs towards Agricultural Development Among Agricultural Researchers in Ibadan North West Local Government, Oyo State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Oyewole, Oyetoro John
name: SaheedIge, Adetunbi
name: Oyetunde, Oladipo Solomon
name: Oyewole, Oyetoro John
name: SaheedIge, Adetunbi
name: Oyetunde, Oladipo Solomon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Contributions
subject: ICT
subject: agriculture
subject: researchers
subject: development

description: The study examines the contributions of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) towards Agricultural Development among Agricultural Researchers in Ibadan North West Local Government Area of Oyo State. Random sampling technique was used in the selection of 50 respondents that constitute the sample size for the study. Primary data were collected through the use of a well-structured questionnaire from the Agricultural researchers. Frequency counts, Percentages and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) were used to analyse the data. Analysis of the data revealed collected that majority (70%) of the respondents are male, (64%) are married and (58%) had ICT usage experience of 1-5years. The result also shows that the mean age of the respondents is 36.5years while (62%) had Post Graduate degree education. There is a significant relationship between contributions of ICT facilities to agricultural development and selected agricultural websites accessed which are worldagriculture.com(r = 0.044, p= 0.002), moa.gov.jm (r = 0.364, p= 0.010), iita.org (r = 0.358, p= 0.012) and agweb.com (r = 0.435, p= 0.002). The study therefore recommends that internet facilities should be made available and affordable to agricultural researchers to enhance their accessibility, usage and contributions to agricultural development.
Information Flow in Black Hole Evaporation
Creators: name: Chen, Hong Zhe
name: Fisher, Zachary
name: Hernandez, Juan
name: Myers, Robert C.
name: Ruan, Shan-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, new holographic models of black hole evaporation have given fresh insights into the information paradox [arXiv:1905.08255, arXiv:1905.08762, arXiv:1908.10996]. In these models, the black hole evaporates into an auxiliary bath space after a quantum quench, wherein the holographic theory and the bath are joined. One particularly exciting development is the appearance of "ER=EPR"-like wormholes in the (doubly) holographic model of [arXiv:1908.10996]. At late times, the entanglement wedge of the bath includes the interior of the black hole. In this paper, we employ both numerical and analytic methods to study how information about the black hole interior is encoded in the Hawking radiation. In particular, we systematically excise intervals from the bath from the system and study the corresponding Page transition. Repeating this process ad infinitum, we end up with a fractal structure on which the black hole interior is encoded, implementing the uberholography protocol of [arXiv:1612.00017].
description: 56 pages, 22 figures; v2: published version, minor typos corrected
Additional file 1 of An OMOP-CDM based pharmacovigilance data-processing pipeline (PDP) providing active surveillance for ADR signal detection from real-world data sources
Creators: name: Hyunah Shin
name: Lee, Suehyun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Figure S1. Risk ratio for Blood and Lymphatic system disorders from KYUH-EHR and FAERS (Neutropenia). Figure S2. Risk ratio for Blood and Lymphatic system disorders from KYUH-EHR and FAERS (Thrombocytopenia). Figure S3. Risk ratio for Hepatobiliary disorders from KYUH-EHR and FAERS (Acute hepatitis).
Stellar and Wind Properties of LMC WC4 stars - A metallicity dependence for Wolf-Rayet mass-loss rates
Creators: name: Crowther, Paul A.
name: Dessart, Luc
name: Hillier, D. John
name: Abbott, Jay B.
name: Fullerton, Alex W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use ultraviolet space-based (FUSE, HST) and optical/IR ground-based (2.3m MSSSO, NTT) spectroscopy to determine the physical parameters of six WC4-type Wolf-Rayet stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Stellar parameters are revised significantly relative to Grafener et al. (1998) based on improved observations and more sophisticated model atmosphere codes, which account for line blanketing and clumping. We find that stellar luminosities are revised upwards by up to 0.4 dex, with surface abundances spanning a lower range of 0.1
description: 18 pages, 12 figures (3-7 are best viewed in color), accepted for A&A
Spinosphaera carrerai , Londono-Mesa 2003
Creators: name: Londoño-Mesa, Mario H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Terebellida
Terebellidae
Spinosphaera
Spinosphaera carrerai

description: Spinosphaera carrerai Londoño-Mesa, 2003.
 Spinosphaera carrerai, Londoño-Mesa, 2003:750–751, Fig. 2.— Londoño-Mesa & Carrera-Parra, 2005:31–32.
 Type material: Holotype ECOSUR 042 Off Herradura Point, Mexican Caribbean (18°32'23"N 87°44'32"W), 28.IX.1996.
 Diagnosis: Eyespots in two lateral groups of 2–3 brown eyespots; eleven short ventral shields from segment 1. Nephridial papillae not seen. Nineteen pairs of notopodia; notochaetae of two types, bilimbate capillaries equal-sized in segments 4–5, and of two lengths on segments 5–9; spinosphaera chaetae of two lengths, in segments 10–19. Pairs of neuropodia with uncini avicular in single rows on segments 5–10, in double rows on segments 11–75, in single rows on segments 76–82. Uncini MF:3:3–4:6–7. Pygidium with 5 papillae.
 Staining pattern: Only ventral shields stain deeply. The remaining structures remain pale.
 Discussion: A complete description, including figures, is found in Londoño-Mesa (2003).
 Type locality and distribution: Southern Mexican Caribbean.
description: Published as part of Londoño-Mesa, Mario H., 2009, Terebellidae (Polychaeta: Terebellida) from the Grand Caribbean region 2320, pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 2320 (1) on page 62, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2320.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5316176