Jornandes sinaloensis Carvalho and Costa 1992
Creators: name: Schwartz, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Miridae
Jornandes
Jornandes sinaloensis

description: Jornandes sinaloensis (Carvalho and Costa), new combination   
 Scalponotatus sinaloensis Carvalho and Costa, 1992: 118, figs. 40–43 (orig. desc.). Schuh, 1995: 194 (catalog).   
 HOLOTYPE: MEXICO: Sinaloa: 26 mi N of Pericos, [25.339896 N 107.95296 W, 95 m], 13 Aug 1960, P.H. Arnaud Jr., E.S. Ross, D.C. Rentz, 18 (AMNH _PBI 00242724) (CAS).   
 REDESCRIPTION: COLORATION: Entirely yellowish orange-brown (a little bit darker than photo of Jornandes sinaloa, in Schaffner and Schwartz, 2008: 9, fig. 3). VESTITURE: Densely distributed, relatively long (just longer than width of antennal segment II), golden (pale, but shining), reclining simple setae. DORSAL SCULPTURATION: Composed of closely placed small punctures without additional rugosity. GENITALIA: Pygophore and phallotheca: Unknown. Endosomal spicule: Small; thick and sinuate on basal half; distal recurved region slightly less than one-half length of spicule body; subapically with one spine; basally with minute spine on left side shoulder (5 dorsal lobe) and wide keel attached to membrane. Right paramere: Size similar to left paramere; Cshaped in apical and dorsal views, S-shaped in lateral view; dorsal margin sinuate; basal or sensory lobe, region broadly rounded; distal region short, attenuate, terminating in minute serration and one subapical point. Left paramere: C-shaped in dorsal view; sensory lobe not produced beyond diameter of paramere; distally broadly rounded, mittenlike with medial lobe pointed and one-half width of lateral lobe. MEASUREMENTS: Body length 3.50, length apex from clypeus to apex of cuneus 2.20, body width 1.31; head width 0.81, length 0.26; vertex width 0.30, eye height, in lateral view 0.43; antennal segment I 0.25, II 0.95, III 0.68, IV 0.38 (slightly teneral); labium length 0.81, reaching level with base of mesocoxa, in lateral view; pronotum width 1.05, length 0.63; cuneus length 0.50, width 0.33.   
 DISCUSSION: Scalponotatus sinaloensis is known from the original description (Carvalho and Costa, 1992) and one catalog citation (Schuh, 1995). The examination of the holotype, the only specimen, prompted its transfer to Jornandes, resulting in the new combination, J. sinaloensis. This action is based on the observation of external and genitalic features. All species of Scalponotatus are black, including the appendages, and usually the only pale regions are the transverse basal carina of the vertex and sometimes the posterior margin, or rarely the humeral angles, of the pronotum. Jornandes species have variable coloration, but usually the legs are pale. One species with uniform coloration, only slightly paler than in sinaloensis, is J. sinaloa (Carvalho, 1987). Interestingly, the holotypes of both species were taken during the same collection event; also, the host plant of both are unknown. The sculpturation of Jornandes and Scalponotatus differ in the degree of rugosity on the corium, both have dense, small or minute dorsal punctures, whereas in Scalponotatus the punctures underlie a rugulose or reticulate surface. In Jornandes, the dorsal sculpturation is composed of punctures only, as found in J. sinaloensis.   
 The general form of the male genitalia in Jornandes and Scalponotatus are similar, both of which have the apical portion of the left paramere mitten shaped, recurved ventral lobe of the endosomal spicule, and diverse tergal processes. Features unique to each genus that provide character evidence to support the reassignment of J. sinaloensis are subtle. The most persuasive morphology is found in the shape of the right paramere. The form of the right paramere in Scalponotatus is generally L-shaped in lateral view with morphological diversity focused on the length of the medial and attenuation of the distal regions. Specifically, the distance from the basal or sensory lobe region to the beginning of the attenuate distal portion is usually the longest part of the paramere and the basal or sensory lobe, in lateral view, is little if at all produced dorsal to the immediate and more distal portion of the paramere. The structure of the right paramere is diverse in Jornandes, ranging from simple, with the form similar to those in Scalponotatus species, to complex with many having the apical, basal, or both regions enlarged with strong spines or large processes. The small, C-shaped right paramere in J. sinaloensis is sinuate in lateral view and the basal region or sensory lobe is broadly produced; this form is most similar to several species of Jornandes.   
 In the key to species of Jornandes (Schaffner and Schwartz, 2008), J. sinaloensis will exit with J. burserae Schaffner and Schwartz, 2008, and J. viridulus Schaffner and Schwartz, 2008. Vestiture with dense, reclining setae will distinguish J. sinaloensis from these two species possessing sparse, erect to suberect setae. The large eye, browner coloration, and somewhat smaller body length of the former will further separate it, as the male of J. burserae and J. viridulus have smaller eyes, greener general coloration, and slightly longer body length. All structures of the male genitalia of J. sinaloensis differ significantly from the latter species. However, J. sinaloensis is clearly related to J. jaredi and J. zapotecas, a pair of black species united by parallel-sided costal margin; long, reclining, evenly distributed dorsal simple setae; pale antennae and legs; sexually dimorphic eyes, being larger in the male (cf. Schaffner and Schwartz, 2008: 9, 10: figs. 3, 4); and the male genitalia with small, apically serrate endosomal spicule, and large tergal processes on right side of genital aperture (cf. ibid.: 51, figs. 23 and 82, and 38, respectively). In J. sinaloensis the body is not black (Carvalho and Costa, 1992: 119, fig. 40) and females are not known, relegating the possibility of sexually dimorphic head structure to speculation. The genitalic preparation of the holotype of J. sinaloensis lacks the pygophore and phallotheca, and thus no comment concerning the tergal process can be made. Otherwise, the endosoma and right and left parameres of the three species are of similar form. All have the endosomal spicule simply recurved, somewhat thick and sinuate basally, and distally with minimal apical serration; the right paramere, from the insertion to the distal curve is longer than the minimally serrate distal region; the distal region of left paramere is broadly rounded, with the medial lobe pointed and about one-half the width of the lateral lobe (ibid.: 119, figs. 41–43). Additionally, all three species have a minute spine on the left basal margin of the endosomal spicule, a feature not illustrated in either Schaffner and Schwartz (2008) or Carvalho and Costa (1992). The male genitalia of J. sinaloensis is also somewhat similar to J. michoacanensis, but in the former the endosomal spicule is larger, the fine structure of the distal portion of the right paramere lacks more extensive lateral serration, and the left paramere has a narrower lateral lobe. The body color (black) and conformation (more rounded) conspicuously differ from the completely pale and elongate J. sinaloensis.
description: Published as part of Schwartz, Michael D., 2011, Revision And Phylogenetic Analysis Of The North American Genus Slaterocoris Wagner With New Synonymy, The Description Of Five New Species And A New Genus From Mexico, And A Review Of The Genus Scalponotatus Kelton (Heteroptera: Miridae: Orthotylinae), pp. 1-290 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (354) on pages 58-59, DOI: 10.1206/354.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5407316