Stauropoctonus bicarinatus Cushman
Creators: name: Lima, Alessandro Rodrigues
name: Jacobi, Claudia Maria
name: Kumagai, Alice Fumi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Stauropoctonus
Stauropoctonus bicarinatus

description: Stauropoctonus bicarinatus (Cushman)
(Figs 2, 4 A–E)
Aulophion bicarinatus Cushman, 1947: 459. Holotype ♀, Costa Rica (USNM) [examined]. Stauropoctonus bicarinatus (Cushman) Gauld, 1985: 146.
Stauropoctonus bicarinatus (Cushman) Gauld, 1988: 74.
Type locality. Costa Rica.
Diagnosis. Head yellow, mesosoma and metasoma brown; wings slightly infumate. Eye antero-posteriorly compressed in lateral view, with reentrance in the posterior margin (Fig. 4 C). Epicnemial carina present, reaching anterior portion of mesopleural furrow (Fig. 4 A). Fore wing marginal cell with a conspicuous glabrous proximal region (Fig. 4 E).
Redescription (Holotype). Female. Mandible slender, apically strongly compressed and twisted about 90°, with outer tooth acute, as long as inner one; outer mandibular surface with a shallow concavity crossing mandible at basal boundary of compressed area. Malar space 0.3 times as long as basal mandibular width. Clypeus flat in lateral view, with margin weakly convex, about 1.4 times as broad as long. Face alutaceous with setae sparser centrally. Gena in lateral view evenly rounded. Eye conspicuously compressed in lateral view, with posterior margin concave (Fig. 4 C). Lateral ocellus contiguous with eye. FI = 50%. ECI = 0.90. Occipital carina absent.
Mesoscutum polished, densely pilose, evenly rounded in lateral view; without notaulus. Mesopleuron polished, pilose; alutaceous below and smooth above mesopleural furrow, with a conspicuous glabrous region anterior to speculum. Epicnemial carina interrupted centrally on sternum; on pleuron, reaching anterior portion of mesopleural furrow (Fig. 4 A). Scutellum smooth and shiny, 1.2x as long as anterior width, convex in lateral view, without lateral carina. Metapleuron weakly convex, alutaceous. Submetapleural carina weakly broadened anteriorly. Posterior transverse carina of mesosternum reduced to lateral vestiges. Propodeum densely pilose, abruptly declivous in lateral view; anterior transverse carina complete, not touching lateral longitudinal carina; posterior transverse carina complete; median longitudinal carina complete; lateromedian longitudinal carina represented by vestiges at apex of propodeum; anterior area longitudinally rugose; posterior area weakly rugulose; lateral longitudinal carina complete.
Fore wing length 14.2 mm; AI = 0.78; CI = 0.33; ICI = 1.1; SDI = 0.83; SRI = 0.5; vein cu-a reaching M+Cu basad of Rs&M (Fig. 4 D–E). Discosubmarginal cell (Fig. 4 D–E) with a glabrous area anteriorly, from pterostigma to half length of vein Rs+2r which is abruptly curved and thickened on its basal third; 1m-cu abruptly curved at middle, straight in basal half, weakly convex in distal half, without ramellus. Marginal cell with a conspicuous glabrous area basally (Fig. 4 E) reaching about a third of Rs+2r length. Hind wings R1 with five hamuli; Rs with basal half of first abscissa weakly bowed, distal half and second abscissa clearly straight; BCI = 0.62; basal abscissa of Cu1 2.75x as long as cu-a.
Mid leg with outer tibial spur 1.1x as long as inner one. On hind leg, coxa in lateral view 1.8x as long as maximum width, at middle.
Metasoma long and slender; tergite 2 in lateral view 3.7 times as long as posterior width, with pendant laterotergite and oval thyridium separated from anterior margin by 5.9x its own length.
Head gray; antenna brown;mesosoma and legs yellowish; mesoscutum and speculum infuscate; metasoma with anterior segments brown, infuscate, except tergite 3; wings hyaline; pterostigma and fore wing vein Rs+2r brown.
Comments. Although the redescription of the holotype of S. bicarinatus (Gauld, 1988) represented a major contribution to the knowledge of this species, some points need to be clarified, since his described some features based on a non-type specimen. The holotype was collected by ‘ De Lafon, 1884’, as cited on the data label as well as mentioned in the original description (Cushman, 1947); its fore wing vein cu-a reaches M+Cu basad of Rs&M; and it has five hamuli on hind wing vein R1. Gauld (1988) also reported the species as having antenna with 55–57 flagellomeres, but unfortunately both antennae of holotype are broken.
Distribution. Stauropoctonus bicarinatus is only known to occur in Mesoamerica (Costa Rica and Panama).
Material examined. Holotype (♀). Costa Rica, 1884, De Lafon [USNM]
Holotype condition. Both antennae are broken, with some parts glued on the data label and on the pin, above the specimen.. The left fore wing is glued to the data label and is damaged at the apex; parts of the marginal, submarginal 3, discal 3 and subdiscal 3 cells are missing. The following parts of legs are missing: left fore tarsus; left mid tarsal claws; left hind leg beyond femur. The right hind leg (from trochanter to tarsomere 2) is glued to a triangle attached to the pin.
description: Published as part of Lima, Alessandro Rodrigues, Jacobi, Claudia Maria & Kumagai, Alice Fumi, 2013, Review of the Neotropical species of Stauropoctonus Brauns, 1889 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Ophioninae), pp. 494-514 in Zootaxa 3750 (5) on pages 498-500, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3750.5.4, http://zenodo.org/record/248911