cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An Empirical Evaluation of Alternative Methods of Estimation for Confirmatory Factor Analysis With Ordinal Data.
Creators: name: Curran, Patrick J.
name: Flora, David B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is widely used for examining hypothesized relations among ordinal variables (e.g., Likert-type items). A theoretically appropriate method fits the CFA model to polychoric correlations using either weighted least squares (WLS) or robust WLS. Importantly, this approach assumes that a continuous, normal latent process determines each observed variable. The extent to which violations of this assumption undermine CFA estimation is not well-known. In this article, the authors empirically study this issue using a computer simulation study. The results suggest that estimation of polychoric correlations is robust to modest violations of underlying normality. Further, WLS performed adequately only at the largest sample size but led to substantial estimation difficulties with smaller samples. Finally, robust WLS performed well across all conditions.
The magneto-rotational instability in massive stars
Creators: name: Griffiths, A.
name: Meynet, G.
name: Eggenberger, P.
name: Moyano, F.
name: Aloy, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction between weak magnetic fields and rotation can lead to instabilities that transport angular momentum (AM) and chemical elements affecting the evolution of massive stars. We explore the effects of the magneto-rotational instability (MRI) in massive stars to determine its impact on stellar evolution. We use the GENEC code to simulate the evolution of a 15 $M_\odot$ model at solar metallicity up to the end of oxygen burning. The MRI is computed with different trigger conditions, (depending on the weighting of chemical gradients through an arbitrary but commonly used factor), and with different treatments of meridional circulation as either advective or diffusive. We also compare the MRI with the Tayler-Spruit (TS) dynamo, in models that included both instabilities interacting linearly. The MRI triggers throughout stellar evolution. Its activation is highly sensitive to the treatment of meridional circulation and the existence of chemical gradients. The MRI is very efficient at transporting both matter and AM, leading to noticeable differences in rotation rates and chemical structure, which may be observable in young main sequence stars. While the TS dynamo is the dominant mechanism for transferring AM, the MRI remains relevant in models where both instabilities are included. Extrapolation of our results suggests that models including the MRI tend to develop more compact cores, which likely produce failed explosions and black holes, than models where only the TS dynamo is included (where explosions an neutron stars may be more frequent. The MRI is an important factor in massive star evolution but is very sensitive to the implementation ofother processes in the model. The transport of AM and chemical elements due to the MRI alters the rotation rates and the chemical make-up of the star from the core to the surface, and may change the explodability properties of massive stars.
description: 20 pages, 10 Figures, submitted to A&A
Item factor analysis: Current approaches and future directions.
Creators: name: Wirth, R. J.
name: Edwards, Michael C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The rationale underlying factor analysis applies to continuous and categorical variables alike; however, the models and estimation methods for continuous (i.e., interval or ratio scale) data are not appropriate for item-level data that are categorical in nature. The authors provide a targeted review and synthesis of the item factor analysis (IFA) estimation literature for ordered-categorical data (e.g., Likert-type response scales) with specific attention paid to the problems of estimating models with many items and many factors. Popular IFA models and estimation methods found in the structural equation modeling and item response theory literatures are presented. Following this presentation, recent developments in the estimation of IFA parameters (e.g., Markov chain Monte Carlo) are discussed. The authors conclude with considerations for future research on IFA, simulated examples, and advice for applied researchers.
Constraining topological defects with temperature and polarization anisotropies
Creators: name: Lizarraga, Joanes
name: Urrestilla, Jon
name: Daverio, David
name: Hindmarsh, Mark
name: Kunz, Martin
name: Liddle, Andrew R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the possible contribution of topological defects to cosmic microwave anisotropies, both temperature and polarisation. We allow for the presence of both inflationary scalars and tensors, and of polarised dust foregrounds that may contribute to or dominate the B-mode polarisation signal. We confirm and quantify our previous statements that topological defects on their own are a poor fit to the B-mode signal. However, adding topological defects to a models with a tensor component or a dust component improves the fit around $\ell=200$. Fitting simultaneously to both temperature and polarisation data, we find that textures fit almost as well as tensors ($Δχ^2 = 2.0$), while Abelian Higgs strings are ruled out as the sole source of the B-mode signal at low $\ell$. The 95% confidence upper limits on models combining defects and dust are $Gμ< 2.7\times 10^{-7}$ (Abelian Higgs strings), $Gμ< 9.8\times 10^{-7}$ (semilocal strings) and $Gμ< 7.3\times 10^{-7}$ (textures), a small reduction on the $Planck$ bounds. The most economical fit overall is obtained by the standard $Λ$CDM model with a polarised dust component.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures. Temperature and polarization anisotropy power spectra for Abelian Higgs strings, semilocal strings and textures are included as ancillary files. Minor changes, matches published version
Generalised Onsager Algebra in Quantum Lattice Models
Creators: name: Miao, Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Onsager algebra is one of the cornerstones of exactly solvable models in statistical mechanics. Starting from the generalised Clifford algebra, we demonstrate its relations to the graph Temperley-Lieb algebra, and a generalisation of the Onsager algebra. We present a series of quantum lattice models as representations of the generalised Clifford algebra, possessing the structure of a special type of the generalised Onsager algebra. The integrability of those models is presented, analogous to the free fermionic eight-vertex model. We also mention further extensions of the models and physical properties related to the generalised Onsager algebras, hinting at a general framework that includes families of quantum lattice models possessing the structure of the generalised Onsager algebras.
description: 25 pages, 2 figures
Entanglement entropy and nonabelian gauge symmetry
Creators: name: Donnelly, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement entropy has proven to be an extremely useful concept in quantum field theory. Gauge theories are of particular interest, but for these systems the entanglement entropy is not clearly defined because the physical Hilbert space does not factor as a tensor product according to regions of space. Here we review a definition of entanglement entropy that applies to abelian and nonabelian lattice gauge theories. This entanglement entropy is obtained by embedding the physical Hilbert space into a product of Hilbert spaces associated to regions with boundary. The latter Hilbert spaces include degrees of freedom on the entangling surface that transform like surface charges under the gauge symmetry. These degrees of freedom are shown to contribute to the entanglement entropy, and the form of this contribution is determined by the gauge symmetry. We test our definition using the example of two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory, and find that it agrees with the thermal entropy in de Sitter space, and with the results of the Euclidean replica trick. We discuss the possible implications of this result for more complicated gauge theories, including quantum gravity.
description: 12 pages. Invited article for Classical and Quantum Gravity special issue on Entanglement and Quantum Gravity
Hamiltonian structure of an operator valued extension of Super KdV equations
Creators: name: Restuccia, A.
name: Sotomayor, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extension of the super Korteweg-de Vries integrable system in terms of operator valued functions is obtained. In particular the extension contains the $N=1$ Super KdV and coupled systems with functions valued on a symplectic space. We introduce a Miura transformation for the extended system and obtain its hamiltonian structure. We also obtain an extended Gardner transformation which allows to find an infinite number of conserved quantities of the extended system.
description: Contribution to the Proceedings of the XXIst International Conference on Integrable Systems and Quantum Symmetries(ISQS21)(June 11-16, 2013, Prague, Czech Republic), 6 pages
Looking for structure in the cobordism conjecture
Creators: name: Andriot, David
name: Carqueville, Nils
name: Cribiori, Niccolò
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cobordism conjecture of the swampland program states that the bordism group of quantum gravity must be trivial. We investigate this statement in several directions, on both the mathematical and physical side. We consider the Whitehead tower construction as a possible organising principle for the topological structures entering the formulation of the conjecture. We discuss why and how to include geometric structures in bordism groups, such as higher U(1)-bundles with connection. The inclusion of magnetic defects is also addressed in some detail. We further elaborate on how the conjecture could predict Kaluza--Klein monopoles, and we study the gravity decoupling limit in the cobordism conjecture, with a few observations on NSNS string backgrounds. We end with comments in relation to T-duality, as well as the finiteness conjecture.
description: 41 pages; v2: minor changes
A general approach for estimating scale score reliability for panel survey data.
Creators: name: Christ, Sharon L.
name: Biemer, Paul P.
name: Wiesen, Christopher A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Scale score measures are ubiquitous in the psychological literature and can be used as both dependent and independent variables in data analysis. Poor reliability of scale score measures leads to inflated standard errors and/or biased estimates, particularly in multivariate analysis. To assess data quality, reliability estimation is usually an integral step in the analysis of scale score data. Cronbach’s α is a widely used indicator of reliability but, due to its rather strong assumptions, can be a poor estimator (Cronbach, 1951). For longitudinal data, an alternative approach is the simplex method; however, it too requires assumptions that may not hold in practice. One effective approach is an alternative estimator of reliability that relaxes the assumptions of both Cronbach’s α and the simplex estimator and, thus, generalizes both estimators. Using data from a large-scale panel survey, the benefits of the statistical properties of this estimator are investigated and its use is illustrated and compared with the more traditional estimators of reliability.
Indización de Documentos según la Metodología LILACS 2023: Descriptores Precodificados y Tipos de publicación
Creators: name: Martinez, Omar Chavez
name: Suga, Sueli Mitiko Yano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Metodologia LILACS
Indización de documentos
Capacitación en servicio
Tipos de publicación
Indización Tematica
Descriptores Precodificados

description: Indización de Documentos según la Metodologia LILACS_2023
Sesión 7 -   Fecha: 26 de octubre de 2023
Tema: Descriptores Precodificados y Tipos de publicación
Objetivo: Conceptualizar y orientar sobre las reglas para la asignación de Descriptores Precodificados y Tipos de publicación en la indización de documentos según la Metodología LILACS
Grabación: https://youtu.be/P_3nPv2zvAs
Contribuição:
Diane Vicente Amaral (Brasil)
Laís Ap. da Silva
Contribuição: Red de indizadores
Ultracold chemistry with alkali-metal-rare-earth molecules
Creators: name: Makrides, C.
name: Hazra, J.
name: Pradhan, G. B.
name: Petrov, A.
name: Kendrick, B. K.
name: González-Lezana, T.
name: Balakrishnan, N.
name: Kotochigova, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A first principles study of the dynamics of $^6$Li($^{2}$S) + $^6$Li$^{174}$Yb($^2Σ^+$)$ \to ^6$Li$_2(^1Σ^+$) + $^{174}$Yb($^1$S) reaction is presented at cold and ultracold temperatures. The computations involve determination and analytic fitting of a three-dimensional potential energy surface for the Li$_2$Yb system and quantum dynamics calculations of varying complexities, ranging from exact quantum dynamics within the close-coupling scheme, to statistical quantum treatment, and universal models. It is demonstrated that the two simplified methods yield zero-temperature limiting reaction rate coefficients in reasonable agreement with the full close-coupling calculations. The effect of the three-body term in the interaction potential is explored by comparing quantum dynamics results from a pairwise potential that neglects the three-body term to that derived from the full interaction potential. Inclusion of the three-body term in the close-coupling calculations was found to reduce the limiting rate coefficients by a factor of two. The reaction exoergicity populates vibrational levels as high as $v=19$ of the $^6$Li$_2$ molecule in the limit of zero collision energy. Product vibrational distributions from the close-coupling calculations reveal sensitivity to inclusion of three-body forces in the interaction potential. Overall, the results indicate that a simplified model based on the long-range potential is able to yield reliable values of the total reaction rate coefficient in the ultracold limit but a more rigorous approach based on statistical quantum or quantum close-coupling methods is desirable when product rovibrational distribution is required.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Second-order partition function of a non-interacting chiral fluid in 3+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Megias, Eugenio
name: Valle, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the partition function for non-interacting chiral fermions at second order in a derivative expansion of an arbitrary time-independent gravitational and gauge background. We find that Pauli-Villars regularization of the vacuum part is needed to get consistent results. We use our results to discuss some features of the non-dissipative constitutive relations of second order hydrodynamics.
description: 27 pages; v2 minor changes in sec. 5 and discussion improved in secs. 6 and 7, references added, version to appear in JHEP
Scalar and vector gauges unification in de Sitter ambient space formalism
Creators: name: Takook, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the massless minimally coupled scalar field in the de Sitter ambient space formalism as a gauge potential or connection field. We construct the scalar gauge theory by helping an arbitrary constant five-vector field $B^α$ analogous to the standard gauge theory. The Lagrangian density of the interaction between the scalar and spinor fields is presented in this framework. The Yukawa potential can be extracted from this Lagrangian density at the null curvature limit by an appropriate choice of a constant five-vector field. It is shown that the de Sitter ambient space formalism permits us to unify the scalar and vector gauge fields. By choosing a matrix form for the constant five-vector field $B^α$, the unification of scalar and vector gauge fields in the spectral action of noncommutative geometry can be rewritten. We discuss that if the scalar gauge field is considered as a conformal sector of the background metric field, it may be interpreted as the connection field between the different de Sitter hyperboloids in the quantum geometry from the classical point of view.
description: 17 pages, V2 some explanations added, an appendix added, V3 an appendix added,
Searching Signals in Chinese Ancient Records for the $^{14}$C Increases in AD 774-775 and in AD 992-993
Creators: name: Chai, Ya-Ting
name: Zou, Yuan-Chuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to the analysis of the $^{14}$C content of two Japanese trees over a period of approximately 3000 years at high time resolution, Miyake (2012) found a rapid increase at AD 774-775 and later on at AD 992-993 (Miyake 2013). This corresponds to a high-energy event happened within one year that input $γ$-ray energy about 7$\times{}$10$^{24}$erg to the Earth, leaving the origin a mystery. Such strong event should have an unusual optical counterpart, and have been recorded in historical literature. We searched Chinese historical materials around AD 744-775 and AD 992-993, but no remarkable event was found except a violent thunderstorm in AD 775. However, the possibility of a thunderstorm containing so much energy is still unlikely. We conclude the event caused the $^{14}$C increase is still unclear. This event most probably has no optical counterpart, and short gamma-ray burst, giant flare of a soft gamma-ray repeater and terrestrial $γ$-ray flash may all be the candidates.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Integrative data analysis: The simultaneous analysis of multiple data sets.
Creators: name: Curran, Patrick J.
name: Hussong, Andrea M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Both quantitative and methodological techniques exist that foster the development and maintenance of a cumulative knowledge base within the psychological sciences. Most noteworthy of these techniques is meta-analysis which allows for the synthesis of summary statistics drawn from multiple studies when the original data are not available. However, when the original data can be obtained from multiple studies, many advantages stem from the statistical analysis of the pooled data. The authors define integrative data analysis (IDA) as the analysis of multiple data sets that have been pooled into one. Although variants of IDA have been incorporated into other scientific disciplines, the use of these techniques are much less evident in psychology. In this paper the authors present an overview of IDA as it may be applied within the psychological sciences; a discussion of the relative advantages and disadvantages of IDA; a description of analytic strategies for analyzing pooled individual data; and offer recommendations for the use of IDA in practice.
The Western Balkans: Assessing the eu’s stabilization and association process
Creators: name: Szenes Zoltán
Publisher: name: Сравнительная политика
Year: 2018
Subjects: ЗАПАДНЫЕ БАЛКАНЫ
ЕС
ПРОЦЕСС СТАБИЛИЗАЦИИ И АССОЦИАЦИИ
САММИТ В ТРИЕСТЕ
ПОЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ ОБУСЛОВЛЕННОСТЬ
WESTERN BALKANS
EU
STABILIZATION AND ASSOCIATION PROCESS
TRIEST WESTERN BALKANS SUMMIT
CONDITIONALITY

description: The Stabilization and Association Process (SAP) launched by the EU in the aftermath of Kosovo war in 1999 has created a new policy environment for the Western Balkans countries. In exchange for EU assistance, prospect of EU accession, and continuation of preferential access to EU markets, these countries have to upgrade their institutions and governance to European standards and engage in mutual regional cooperation including other Stability Pact member countries. The 2003 European Council in Thessaloniki reaffirmed that all SAP countries were potential candidates for EU membership. In July 2017 the EU Trieste Balkans Summit discussed the status of the SAP and unanimously reaffirmed the importance of providing the European perspective of the Western Balkans. The essay examines of the current status of SAP in the Western Balkans countries (WB6) based on the Copenhagen political, economic and legislature criteria using the international data bases. It argues that among the criteria, the political requirements are the most important as they lay down the framework and administrative and institutional capacity to develop stable democracy and market economy. It concludes that EU SAP has remained consistently linked to compliance with the Copenhagen criteria but the Regional Cooperation Council countries have to create a positive environment for the WB6 to fulfill these European standards.
Psychometric approaches for developing commensurate measures across independent studies: Traditional and new models.
Creators: name: Hussong, Andrea M.
name: Bauer, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: When conducting an integrative analysis of data obtained from multiple independent studies, a fundamental problem is to establish commensurate measures for the constructs of interest. Fortunately, procedures for evaluating and establishing measurement equivalence across samples are well developed for the linear factor model and commonly used item response theory models. A newly proposed moderated nonlinear factor analysis model generalizes these models and procedures, allowing for items of different scale types (continuous or discrete) and differential item functioning across levels of categorical and/or continuous variables. The potential of this new model to resolve the problem of measurement in integrative data analysis is shown via an empirical example examining changes in alcohol involvement from age 10 to 22 across two longitudinal studies.
Evaluating models for partially clustered designs.
Creators: name: Bauer, Daniel J.
name: Rohde, Paul
name: Stice, Eric
name: Baldwin, Scott A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Partially clustered designs, where clustering occurs in some conditions and not others, are common in psychology, particularly in prevention and intervention trials. This paper reports results from a simulation comparing five approaches for analyzing partially clustered data, including Type I errors, parameter bias, efficiency, and power. Results indicate that multilevel models adapted for partially clustered data are relatively unbiased and efficient and consistently maintain the nominal Type I error rate when using appropriate degrees of freedom. To attain sufficient power in partially clustered designs, researchers should attend primarily to the number of clusters in the study. An illustration is provided using data from a partially clustered eating disorder prevention trial.
Anti-politics, populism and political Psychology
Creators: name: Kis Norbert
Publisher: name: Сравнительная политика
Year: 2018
Subjects: ПОПУЛИЗМ
АНТИ-ПОЛИТИКА
ПОЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ ПСИХОЛОГИЯ
СОЦИОПСИХОЛОГИЯ
ДЕМОКРАТИЯ
НАЦИОНАЛИЗМ
ПРОТЕКЦИОНИЗМ
ЗАПАДНОЕ ОБЩЕСТВО
POPULISM
ANTI-POLITICS
POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY
SOCIOPSYCHOLOGY
DEMOCRACY
NATIONALISM
PROTECTIONISM
WESTERN SOCIETY

description: This article gives voice to pondering the dramatic changes in the Western politics of our era. The crisis of democracy, the spread of populism and the progression of national right-wing ideologies are the key headings of the analyses that research the phenomenon of, and deep social and even socio-psychological reasons for, the political reactions of Western societies. It assumes that the increasing anti-political attitude of the Western societies is shaped by two psychological factors: the burnout of Western people (their unhappiness) and Western people’s increasing fear. As for our hypothesis, Western voters’ psychic condition is deteriorating through a synergy of several “traps”. These are (a) the trap of improving wellbeing (luxury trap), (b) the technological trap and (c) the biological paradox. Western people have reached the psychological tipping point these decades and have been looking for fast, radical and plausible politics. At this point the national political-based, in every sense protectionist, i.e., protective politics promising cultural identity and at the same time individual identity is successful. All these are a comeback to pre-modern political culture where the promises are guaranteed by the leader to make the public happy personally and through his charisma.
Fabrication of high-quality PMMA/SiO$_x$ spaced planar microcavities for strong coupling of light with monolayer WS$_2$ excitons
Creators: name: Yun, Tinghe
name: Estrecho, Eliezer
name: Truscott, Andrew G.
name: Ostrovskaya, Elena A.
name: Wurdack, Matthias J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exciton polaritons in atomically-thin transition metal dichalcogenide crystals (monolayer TMDCs) have emerged as a promising candidate to enable topological transport, ultra-efficient laser technologies, and collective quantum phenomena such as polariton condensation and superfluidity at room temperature. However, integrating monolayer TMDCs into high-quality planar microcavities to achieve the required strong coupling between the cavity photons and the TMDC excitons (bound electron-hole pairs) has proven challenging. Previous approaches to integration had to compromise between various adverse effects on the strength of light-matter interactions in the monolayer, the cavity photon lifetime, and the lateral size of the microcavity. Here, we demonstrate a scalable approach to fabricating high-quality planar microcavities with an integrated monolayer WS$_2$ layer-by-layer by using polymethyl methacrylate/silicon oxide (PMMA/SiO$_x$) as a cavity spacer. Because the exciton oscillator strength is well protected against the required processing steps by the PMMA layer, the microcavities investigated in this work, which have quality factors of above $10^3$, can operate in the strong light-matter coupling regime at room temperature. This is an important step towards fabricating wafer-scale and patterned microcavities for engineering the exciton-polariton potential landscape, which is essential for enabling many proposed technologies.
Deriving the First Law of Black Hole Thermodynamics without Entanglement
Creators: name: Kelly, William R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In AdS/CFT, how is the bulk first law realized in the boundary CFT? Recently, Faulkner et al. showed that in certain holographic contexts, the bulk first law has a precise microscopic interpretation as a first law of entanglement entropy in the boundary theory. However, the bulk can also satisfy a first law when the boundary density matrix is pure, i.e. in the absence of entanglement with other degrees of freedom. In this note we argue that the bulk first law should generally be understood in terms of a particular coarse-graining of the boundary theory. We use geons, or single-exterior black holes, as a testing ground for this idea. Our main result is that for a class of small perturbations to these spacetimes the Wald entropy agrees to first order with the one-point entropy, a coarse-grained entropy recently proposed by Kelly and Wall. This result also extends the regime over which the one-point entropy is known to be equal to the causal holographic information of Hubeny and Rangamani.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures. v3: minor changes to agree with published version, v2: added a few references and a comment in section 4 on uniqueness of the main result
The first estimate of radio jet proper motion at z>5
Creators: name: Frey, S.
name: Paragi, Z.
name: Fogasy, J. O.
name: Gurvits, L. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extremely high redshift (z=5.3) radio source SDSS J102623.61+254259.5 (J1026+2542) is among the most distant and most luminous radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGN) known to date. Its one-sided radio jet structure on milli-arcsecond (mas) and ~10-mas scales typical for blazars was first imaged at 5 GHz with very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) in 2006. Here we report on our dual-frequency (1.7 and 5 GHz) imaging observations performed with the European VLBI Network (EVN) in 2013. The prominent jet structure allows us to identify individual components whose apparent displacement can be detected over the time span of 7.33 yr. This is the first time when jet proper motions are directly derived in a blazar at z>5. The small values of up to ~0.1 mas/yr are consistent with what is expected in a relativistic cosmological model if redshift is a measure of distance. The apparent superluminal jet speeds, considered tentative because derived from two epochs only, exceed 10c for three different components along the jet. Based on modeling its spectral energy distribution, J1026+2542 is known to have its X-ray jet oriented close to the line of sight, with significant Doppler boosting and a large bulk Lorentz factor (Gamma~13). The new VLBI observations, indicating ~2.3 x 10^12 K lower limit to the core brightness temperature, are consistent with this picture. The spectral index in the core region is -0.35.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Fitting multilevel models with ordinal outcomes: Performance of alternative specifications and methods of estimation.
Creators: name: Bauer, Daniel J.
name: Sterba, Sonya K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Previous research has compared methods of estimation for multilevel models fit to binary data but there are reasons to believe that the results will not always generalize to the ordinal case. This paper thus evaluates (a) whether and when fitting multilevel linear models to ordinal outcome data is justified and (b) which estimator to employ when instead fitting multilevel cumulative logit models to ordinal data, Maximum Likelihood (ML) or Penalized Quasi-Likelihood (PQL). ML and PQL are compared across variations in sample size, magnitude of variance components, number of outcome categories, and distribution shape. Fitting a multilevel linear model to ordinal outcomes is shown to be inferior in virtually all circumstances. PQL performance improves markedly with the number of ordinal categories, regardless of distribution shape. In contrast to binary data, PQL often performs as well as ML when used with ordinal data. Further, the performance of PQL is typically superior to ML when the data includes a small to moderate number of clusters (i.e., ≤ 50 clusters).
Supplementary figures of editorial of the Dental Hypotheses (ISSN: 21558213) entitled “Bibliometric analysis of dental preprints which published in 2022”(Issue 1, Vol 14, 2023).
Creators: name: Kolahi, Jafar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other health sciences not elsewhere classified
Health promotion

description: Supplementary figures
PRAXIS: low thermal emission high efficiency OH suppressed fibre spectrograph
Creators: name: Content, Robert
name: Bland-Hawthorn, Joss
name: Ellis, Simon
name: Gers, Luke
name: Haynes, Roger
name: Horton, Anthony
name: Lawrence, Jon
name: Leon-Saval, Sergio
name: Lindley, Emma
name: Min, Seong-Sik
name: Shortridge, Keith
name: Staszak, Nick
name: Trinh, Christopher
name: Xavier, Pascal
name: Zhelem, Ross
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PRAXIS is a second generation instrument that follows on from GNOSIS, which was the first instrument using fibre Bragg gratings for OH background suppression. The Bragg gratings reflect the NIR OH lines while being transparent to light between the lines. This gives a much higher signal-noise ratio at low resolution but also at higher resolutions by removing the scattered wings of the OH lines. The specifications call for high throughput and very low thermal and detector noise so that PRAXIS will remain sky noise limited. The optical train is made of fore-optics, an IFU, a fibre bundle, the Bragg grating unit, a second fibre bundle and a spectrograph. GNOSIS used the pre-existing IRIS2 spectrograph while PRAXIS will use a new spectrograph specifically designed for the fibre Bragg grating OH suppression and optimised for 1470 nm to 1700 nm (it can also be used in the 1090 nm to 1260 nm band by changing the grating and refocussing). This results in a significantly higher transmission due to high efficiency coatings, a VPH grating at low incident angle and low absorption glasses. The detector noise will also be lower. Throughout the PRAXIS design special care was taken at every step along the optical path to reduce thermal emission or stop it leaking into the system. This made the spectrograph design challenging because practical constraints required that the detector and the spectrograph enclosures be physically separate by air at ambient temperature. At present, the instrument uses the GNOSIS fibre Bragg grating OH suppression unit. We intend to soon use a new OH suppression unit based on multicore fibre Bragg gratings which will allow increased field of view per fibre. Theoretical calculations show that the gain in interline sky background signal-noise ratio over GNOSIS may very well be as high as 9 with the GNOSIS OH suppression unit and 17 with the multicore fibre OH suppression unit.
description: SPIE conference proceedings 9151
Three Cs in measurement models: Causal indicators, composite indicators, and covariates.
Creators: name: Bauldry, Shawn
name: Bollen, Kenneth A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: In the last two decades attention to causal (and formative) indicators has grown. Accompanying this growth has been the belief that we can classify indicators into two categories, effect (reflective) indicators and causal (formative) indicators. This paper argues that the dichotomous view is too simple. Instead, there are effect indicators and three types of variables on which a latent variable depends: causal indicators, composite (formative) indicators, and covariates (the “three Cs”). Causal indicators have conceptual unity and their effects on latent variables are structural. Covariates are not concept measures, but are variables to control to avoid bias in estimating the relations between measures and latent variable(s). Composite (formative) indicators form exact linear combinations of variables that need not share a concept. Their coefficients are weights rather than structural effects and composites are a matter of convenience. The failure to distinguish the “three Cs” has led to confusion and questions such as: are causal and formative indicators different names for the same indicator type? Should an equation with causal or formative indicators have an error term? Are the coefficients of causal indicators less stable than effect indicators? Distinguishing between causal and composite indicators and covariates goes a long way toward eliminating this confusion. We emphasize the key role that subject matter expertise plays in making these distinctions. We provide new guidelines for working with these variable types, including identification of models, scaling latent variables, parameter estimation, and validity assessment. A running empirical example on self-perceived health illustrates our major points.
Healing the cosmological constant problem during inflation through a unified quasi-quintessence matter field
Creators: name: D'Agostino, Rocco
name: Luongo, Orlando
name: Muccino, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We heal the cosmological constant problem by means of a \emph{cancellation mechanism} that adopts a phase transition during which quantum fluctuations are eliminated. To this purpose, we propose that a generalized scalar (dark) matter field with a non-vanishing pressure term can remove the vacuum energy contribution, if its corresponding thermodynamics is written in terms of a \emph{quasi-quintessence} representation. In such a picture, pressure differs from quintessence as it shows a zero kinetic contribution. Using this field, we investigate a metastable transition phase, in which the universe naturally passes through an inflationary phase. To reach this target, we single out a double exponential potential, describing the metastable inflationary dynamics by considering suitable boundaries and thermodynamic conditions. We analyze stability investigating saddle, stable and unstable points and we thus predict a chaotic inflation that mimics the Starobinsky exponential potential. Consequently, the role of the proposed dark matter field is investigated throughout the overall universe evolution. To do so, we provide a physical explanation on unifying the dark sector with inflation by healing the cosmological constant problem.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
A trifactor model for integrating ratings across multiple informants.
Creators: name: Zucker, Robert A.
name: Curran, Patrick J.
name: Baldasaro, Ruth E.
name: Bauer, Daniel J.
name: Howard, Andrea L.
name: Hussong, Andrea M.
name: Chassin, Laurie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Psychologists often obtain ratings for target individuals from multiple informants such as parents or peers. In this paper we propose a tri-factor model for multiple informant data that separates target-level variability from informant-level variability and item-level variability. By leveraging item-level data, the tri-factor model allows for examination of a single trait rated on a single target. In contrast to many psychometric models developed for multitrait-multimethod data, the tri-factor model is predominantly a measurement model. It is used to evaluate item quality in scale development, test hypotheses about sources of target variability (e.g., sources of trait differences) versus informant variability (e.g., sources of rater bias), and generate integrative scores that are purged of the subjective biases of single informants.
Preregistered analysis script and test data
Creators: name: Krishna, Anand
name: Mbama, Savannah
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023

description: By default, the R files will download the test data from the OSF and run the analyses. If you want to create the "clean data" file locally, run the Cleanup script and then remove the osf_retrieve_file command from the Analysis script before running it in the same directory.
Measurement Of Quasiparticle Transport In Aluminum Films Using Tungsten Transition-Edge Sensors
Creators: name: Yen, J. J.
name: Shank, B.
name: Young, B. A.
name: Cabrera, B.
name: Brink, P. L.
name: Cherry, M.
name: Kreikebaum, J. M
name: Moffatt, R.
name: Redl, P.
name: Tomada, A.
name: Tortorici, E. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report new experimental studies to understand the physics of phonon sensors which utilize quasiparticle diffusion in thin aluminum films into tungsten transition-edge-sensors (TESs) operated at 35 mK. We show that basic TES physics and a simple physical model of the overlap region between the W and Al films in our devices enables us to accurately reproduce the experimentally observed pulse shapes from x-rays absorbed in the Al films. We further estimate quasiparticle loss in Al films using a simple diffusion equation approach.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, PRAL
Analyzing repeated measures data on individuals nested within groups: Accounting for dynamic group effects.
Creators: name: Dean, Danielle
name: Zucker, Robert A.
name: Gottfredson, Nisha C.
name: Bauer, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Researchers commonly collect repeated measures on individuals nested within groups such as students within schools, patients within treatment groups, or siblings within families. Often, it is most appropriate to conceptualize such groups as dynamic entities, potentially undergoing stochastic structural and/or functional changes over time. For instance, as a student progresses through school more senior students matriculate and more junior students enroll, administrators and teachers may turn over, and curricular changes may be introduced. What it means to be a student within that school may thus differ from one year to the next. This paper demonstrates how to use multilevel linear models to recover time-varying group effects when analyzing repeated measures data on individuals nested within groups that evolve over time. Two examples are provided. The first example examines school effects on the science achievement trajectories of students, allowing for changes in school effects over time. The second example concerns dynamic family effects on individual trajectories of externalizing behavior and depression.
Celestial Geometry
Creators: name: Mizera, Sebastian
name: Pasterski, Sabrina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Celestial holography expresses $\mathcal{S}$-matrix elements as correlators in a CFT living on the night sky. Poincaré invariance imposes additional selection rules on the allowed positions of operators. As a consequence, $n$-point correlators are only supported on certain patches of the celestial sphere, depending on the labeling of each operator as incoming/outgoing. Here we initiate a study of the celestial geometry, examining the kinematic support of celestial amplitudes for different crossing channels. We give simple geometric rules for determining this support. For $n\ge 5$, we can view these channels as tiling together to form a covering of the celestial sphere. Our analysis serves as a stepping off point to better understand the analyticity of celestial correlators and illuminate the connection between the 4D kinematic and 2D CFT notions of crossing symmetry.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures
title: Dr. George W. Hunter, III Papers
Creators: name: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Publisher: name: University Archives, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814
Year: 2010
Subjects: classificationCode: 3
subject: FOS: Medical and health sciences
classificationCode: 6.1
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: USUHS Archives Finding Aid
Dr. George W. Hunter, III Papers
2010
Memory effect on the bidirectional teleportation
Creators: name: Seida, Chaibata
name: Seddik, Sanaa
name: Hassouni, Yassine
name: Allati, Abderrahim El
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this contribution, we have investigated the bidirectional quantum teleportation (BQT) of single-qubit states using a Bell state influenced by decoherence channels with memory, dephasing and amplitude damping channels. The expressions of the negativity, as a measure of the entanglement remaining in the BQT quantum channel, the teleportation fidelities and the quantum Fisher information are also evaluated. We find that both these last quantities depend on the survival amount of entanglement in the BQT quantum channel, on the decoherence factor and on the correlation degree of the decoherence channel. We show that in the Markovian regime, the Negativity, the teleportation average fidelities and the quantum Fisher information are slightly enhanced by considering the classical channel correlations. Besides, in the non-Markovian regime, these three quantities could be improved for a long period of time.
Cosmic rays and thermal instability in self-regulating cooling flows of massive galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Beckmann, Ricarda S.
name: Dubois, Yohan
name: Pellissier, Alisson
name: Olivares, Valeria
name: Polles, Fiorella L.
name: Hahn, Oliver
name: Guillard, Pierre
name: Lehnert, Matthew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the key physical processes that helps prevent strong cooling flows in galaxy clusters is the continued energy input from the central active galactic nucleus (AGN) of the cluster. However, it remains unclear how this energy is thermalised so that it can effectively prevent global thermal instability. One possible option is that a fraction of the AGN energy is converted into cosmic rays (CRs), which provide non-thermal pressure support, and can retain energy even as thermal energy is radiated away. By means of magneto-hydrodynamical simulations, we investigate how CR injected by the AGN jet influence cooling flows of a massive galaxy cluster. We conclude that converting a fraction of the AGN luminosity as low as 10\% into CR energy prevents cooling flows on timescales of billion years, without significant changes in the structure of the multi-phase intra-cluster medium. CR-dominated jets, by contrast, lead to the formation of an extended, warm central nebula that is supported by CR pressure. We report that the presence of CRs is not able to suppress the onset of thermal instability in massive galaxy clusters, but CR-dominated jets do significantly change the continued evolution of gas as it continues to cool from isobaric to isochoric. The CR redistribution in the cluster is dominated by advection rather than diffusion or streaming, but the heating by CR streaming helps maintain gas in the hot and warm phase. Observationally, self-regulating, CR-dominated jets produce a \gammaray~ flux in excess of current observational limits, but low CR fractions in the jet are not ruled out.
description: 24 pages, accepted in A&A. Corrected typo in coauthor name