cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 2 of The application of full-size three-dimensional individual printed model combined with three-dimensional digital demonstration can facilitate patient’s preoperative comprehension to robotic-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy
Creators: name: Yuan, Xiaobin
name: Liu, Xiaolei
name: Jing, Qiang
name: Liu, Fan
name: Zhang, Xuhui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 2: Appendix 1. Preoperative Comprehending Score Questionnaire.
Risk-Averse Receding Horizon Motion Planning for Obstacle Avoidance using Coherent Risk Measures
Creators: name: Dixit, Anushri
name: Ahmadi, Mohamadreza
name: Burdick, Joel W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper studies the problem of risk-averse receding horizon motion planning for agents with uncertain dynamics, in the presence of stochastic, dynamic obstacles. We propose a model predictive control (MPC) scheme that formulates the obstacle avoidance constraint using coherent risk measures. To handle disturbances, or process noise, in the state dynamics, the state constraints are tightened in a risk-aware manner to provide a disturbance feedback policy. We also propose a waypoint following algorithm that uses the proposed MPC scheme for discrete distributions and prove its risk-sensitive recursive feasibility while guaranteeing finite-time task completion. We further investigate some commonly used coherent risk metrics, namely, conditional value-at-risk (CVaR), entropic value-at-risk (EVaR), and g-entropic risk measures, and propose a tractable incorporation within MPC. We illustrate our framework via simulation studies.
description: Accepted to Artificial Intelligence Journal, Special Issue on Risk-aware Autonomous Systems: Theory and Practice. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2011.11211
Accurate multiple sequence-structure alignment of RNA sequences using combinatorial optimization
Creators: name: Bauer, Markus
name: Klau, Gunnar W.
name: Reinert, Knut
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::005 Computerprogrammierung, Programme, Daten

description: Background: The discovery of functional non-coding RNA sequences has led to an increasing interest in algorithms related to RNA analysis. Traditional sequence alignment algorithms, however, fail at computing reliable alignments of low-homology RNA sequences. The spatial conformation of RNA sequences largely determines their function, and therefore RNA alignment algorithms have to take structural information into account. Results: We present a graph-based representation for sequence-structure alignments, which we model as an integer linear program (ILP). We sketch how we compute an optimal or near-optimal solution to the ILP using methods from combinatorial optimization, and present results on a recently published benchmark set for RNA alignments. Conclusions: The implementation of our algorithm yields better alignments in terms of two published scores than the other programs that we tested: This is especially the case with an increasing number of input sequences. Our program LaRA is freely available from http://www.planet-lisa.net.
Creole Gatherings. Race, Collecting and Canon-building in New Orleans (1830-1930)
Creators: Rogg, Aline
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: French literature
American literature--African American authors
History
Haitian literature (French Creole)
Creoles
Canon (Literature)
Comparative literature
Literature--Historiography

description: Creole Gatherings examines the relationship between canon formation and belonging. It studies the evolution of a print culture in New Orleans during the nineteenth and early twentieth century, and argues that textual collection and other paratextual practices were a means of claiming cultural belonging in a society organized around linguistic and racial hierarchies. It proposes an extensive study of the Creole print culture of New Orleans that also takes into account New Orleans’ position as a major American city that entertained connections with many other places in the Atlantic world. Stepping away from a regionalist framework, the dissertation seeks to expand existing literary scholarship on Louisiana and to participate in the production of knowledge about literary exchange in the Atlantic. The dissertation examines the category of identification “Creole,” which became racialized in the late nineteenth century, and the emergence of a scholarly discourse about a “Creole literature.” It argues that two canons were established in the twentieth century, an Afro-Creole canon that would, in time, become affiliated to the canon of African-American literature, and a white Creole canon that would fail to become part of either the American or French canons that formed in the second half of the twentieth century. The study of these canons relies on the analysis of a variety of texts, mainly anthologies, literary criticism, bibliographical essays, collections of poetry, and the literary sections of newspapers. These constitute a continuity of practices indicative of an attempt to record and organize literary production. This study reveals a tension between goals of protecting one’s culture and incorporating it into an emerging field of study and underscores the racializing processes at play within the category of “Creole literature.” Highlighting connections between New Orleans and Haiti’s literary cultures in the nineteenth century, the dissertation points to the need for a large-scale transnational study of these two cultures.
Geometric Engineering of Quantum Field Theories
Creators: name: Katz, Sheldon
name: Klemm, Albrecht
name: Vafa, Cumrun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using the recent advances in our understanding of non-perturbative aspects of type II strings we show how non-trivial exact results for $N=2$ quantum field theories can be reduced to T-dualities of string theory. This is done by constructing a local geometric realization of quantum field theories together with a local application of mirror symmetry. This construction is not based on any duality conjecture and thus reduces non-trivial quantum field theory results to much better understood T-dualities of type II strings. Moreover it can be used in principle to construct in a systematic way the vacuum structure for arbitrary $N=2$ gauge theories with matter representations.
description: 30 pages, minor corrections
Additional file 1: of Smoking-induced risk of future cardiovascular disease is partly mediated by cadmium in tobacco: Malmö Diet and Cancer Cohort Study
Creators: name: Huiqi Li
name: Fagerberg, Björn
name: Sallsten, Gerd
name: Borné, Yan
name: Hedblad, Bo
name: Engström, Gunnar
name: Barregard, Lars
name: Andersson, Eva
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S1a. Mediation analysis with AFT model, with log-transformed blood cadmium, data from n = 4304 subjects. The effects are presented as fold change of survival time. Table S1b. Mediation analysis with Aalen model, with log-transformed blood cadmium, data from n = 4304 subjects. The effects are presented as number of additional cases per 1000 person-years. Table S2a. Mediation analysis with AFT model, with pack-years as exposure, data from n = 3523 subjects. The effects are presented as fold change of survival time per 1 pack-year. Table S2b. Mediation analysis with Aalen model, with pack-years as exposure, data from n = 3523 subjects. The effects are presented as number of additional cases per 1000 person-years per 1 pack-year. Table S3a. Mediation analysis with AFT model including 515 participants with inconsistent reported smoking status, data from n = 4819 subjects. The effects are presented as fold change of survival time. Table S3b. Mediation analysis with Aalen model including 515 participants with inconsistent reported smoking status, data from n = 4819 subjects. The effects are presented as number of additional cases per 1000 person-years. Table S4. Sensitivity analysis for unmeasured mediator-outcome confounder. The results of direct effects and indirect effects for major adverse cardiac event in current smoker group were taken as an example here. The analysis is made for the situation where the unmeasured confounder increases cadmium (α3 > 0) and shortens survival time (exp(β5) 0, Aalen). Corrected estimates of direct and indirect effects are listed below, given certain values of the effect of the unmeasured confounder on cadmium (α3), the effect of the confounder on survival (exp(β5) for AFT model and β5 for Aalen model). (DOCX 57 kb)
Prompt, pre-equilibrium, and thermal photons in relativistic nuclear collisions
Creators: name: Monnai, Akihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The direct photon emission model in relativistic nuclear colliders has been improved in recent years for reducing the discrepancy between theoretical estimations and experimental data and for understanding the properties of the QCD matter. In this study, the contribution of pre-equilibrium photons are investigated in addition to those of prompt and thermal photons in the framework of a relativistic hydrodynamic model. The numerical simulations at an LHC energy suggest that the pre-equilibrium photons may be relevant at intermediate transverse momentum near the saturation momentum scale, increasing particle spectra and reducing elliptic flow of direct photons.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures; revised version to appear in Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
Stabilization and heteroepitaxial growth of metastable tetragonal FeS thin films by pulsed laser deposition
Creators: name: Hanzawa, Kota
name: Sasase, Masato
name: Hiramatsu, Hidenori
name: Hosono, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsed laser deposition, a non-equilibrium thin-film growth technique, was used to stabilize metastable tetragonal iron sulfide (FeS), the bulk state of which is known as a superconductor with a critical temperature of 4 K. Comprehensive experiments revealed four important factors to stabilize tetragonal FeS epitaxial thin films: (i) an optimum growth temperature of 300 °C followed by thermal quenching, (ii) an optimum growth rate of ~7 nm/min, (iii) use of a high-purity bulk target, and (iv) use of a single-crystal substrate with small in-plane lattice mismatch (CaF2). Electrical resistivity measurements indicated that none of all the films exhibited superconductivity. Although an electric double-layer transistor structure was fabricated using the tetragonal FeS epitaxial film as a channel layer to achieve high-density carrier doping, no phase transition was observed. Possible reasons for the lack of superconductivity include lattice strain, off-stoichiometry of the film, electrochemical etching by the ionic liquid under gate bias, and surface degradation during device fabrication.
Minimal Vectorlike Model in Supersymmetric Unification
Creators: name: Zheng, Sibo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compared to the minimal supersymmetric standard model, an extension by vectorlike fermions is able to explain the Higgs mass while retains the grand unification. We investigate the minimal vectorlike model by focusing on the vectorlike electroweak sector. We firstly derive the mass spectrum in the electroweak sector, then calculate the one-loop effects on the Higgs physics, and finally explore either vectorlike or neutralino dark matter. Collider constraints are briefly discussed.
description: 18 pages, to match published version
Nontrivial rational polynomials in two variables have reducible fibres
Creators: name: Neumann, Walter D.
name: Norbury, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It has been proved several times in the literature that a polynomial map from $C^2$ to $C$ with irreducible rational fibers cannot be a component of a counterexample to the Jacobian Conjecture. This note points out that this result is empty: it is implicit in 1980 work of Miyanish and Sugie that such a polynomial is equivalent to $f(x,y)=x$ by a polynomial automorphism of $C^2$.
description: 1 1/2 pages
Energy relaxation in a vacuum capacitor-resistor circuit: measurement of multiple decays with divergent time constants
Creators: name: Kowalski, Frank V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decay of the electrical energy in a resistor-vacuum capacitor circuit is shown to involve multiple relaxation processes, with dramatically different time constants. This is measured using a vacuum capacitor to eliminate the effect of a dielectric between the plates (polypropylene capacitors are shown to exhibit similar behavior). A simple phenomenological model accounts for this behavior in spite of the difficulty in applying Maxwell's equations to such a circuit. These results will lead to a revision of our understanding of the physics of circuits, having particular impact on applications that use capacitors as sensors in collecting precision data (such as found in quantum measurements and dielectric spectroscopy).
description: 14 pages 6 figures
On $\mathbb{Z}_2$-indices for ground states of fermionic chains
Creators: name: Bourne, Chris
name: Schulz-Baldes, Hermann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For parity-conserving fermionic chains, we review how to associate $\mathbb{Z}_2$-indices to ground states in finite systems with quadratic and higher-order interactions as well as to quasifree ground states on the infinite CAR algebra. It is shown that the $\mathbb{Z}_2$-valued spectral flow provides a topological obstruction for two systems to have the same $\mathbb{Z}_2$-index. A rudimentary definition of a $\mathbb{Z}_2$-phase label for a class of parity-invariant and pure ground states of the one-dimensional infinite CAR algebra is also provided. Ground states with differing phase labels cannot be connected without a closing of the spectral gap of the infinite GNS Hamiltonian.
description: v2: 61 pages, many revisions. To appear in Reviews in Mathematical Physics
Spatiotemporal Pricing and Fleet Management of Autonomous Mobility-on-Demand Networks: A Decomposition and Dynamic Programming Approach with Bounded Optimality Gap
Creators: name: Lai, Zhijie
name: Li, Sen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper studies spatiotemporal pricing and fleet management for autonomous mobility-on-demand (AMoD) systems while taking elastic demand into account. We consider a platform that offers ride-hailing services using a fleet of autonomous vehicles and makes pricing, rebalancing, and fleet sizing decisions in response to demand fluctuations. A network flow model is developed to characterize the evolution of system states over space and time, which captures the vehicle-passenger matching process and demand elasticity with respect to price and waiting time. The platform's objective of maximizing profit is formulated as a constrained optimal control problem, which is highly nonconvex due to the nonlinear demand model and complex supply-demand interdependence. To address this challenge, an integrated decomposition and dynamic programming approach is proposed, where we first relax the problem through a change of variable, then separate the relaxed problem into a few small-scale subproblems via dual decomposition, and finally solve each subproblem using dynamic programming. Despite the nonconvexity, our approach establishes a theoretical upper bound to evaluate the solution optimality. The proposed model and methodology are validated in numerical studies for Manhattan. We find that compared to the benchmark case, the proposed upper bound is significantly tighter. We also find that compared to pricing alone, joint pricing and fleet rebalancing can only offer a minor profit improvement when demand can be accurately predicted. However, during unanticipated demand surges, joint pricing and rebalancing can lead to substantially improved profits, and the impacts of demand shocks, despite being more widespread, can dissipate faster.
Quantum Communication and Decoherence
Creators: name: Aschauer, Hans
name: Briegel, Hans J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this contribution we will give a brief overview on the methods used to overcome decoherence in quantum communication protocols. We give an introduction to quantum error correction, entanglement purification and quantum cryptography. It is shown that entanglement purification can be used to create ``private entanglement'', which makes it a useful tool for cryptographic protocols.
description: 31 pages, 10 figures, LaTeX, book chapter to appear in ``Coherent Evolution in Noisy Environments'', Lecture Notes in Physics, (Springer Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York). Minor typos corrected
Salprzesides A and B: two novel icetexane diterpenes with antiangiogenic activity from Salvia przewalskii Maxim
Creators: name: Qiu, Bei-Ming
name: Wang, Pan
name: Li, Jie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Two novel icetexane diterpenes were isolated from Salvia przewalskii Maxim., namely Salprzesides A (1) and B (2), together with two known abietane-type diterpenes respectively identified as sahandinone (3) and miltirone (4). The structures of isolated compounds were determined by UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR analysis. The in vitro antiangiogenic activities of compounds 1–4 were studied against human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). The IC50 values of compounds 1–4 ranged from 4.22 ± 1.07 to 39.31 ± 2.17 μM against HUVECs.
Critical Science Education in a Suburban High School Chemistry Class
Creators: Ashby, Patrick Decla
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Chemistry--Study and teaching
Chemistry--Study and teaching (Secondary)
Critical thinking--Study and teaching
Critical thinking--Study and teaching (Secondary)
Suburban high schools
Private schools
Science--Study and teaching
Education

description: To improve students’ scientific literacy and their general perceptions of chemistry, I enacted critical chemistry education (CCE) in two “regular level” chemistry classes with a group of 25 students in a suburban, private high school as part of this study. CCE combined the efforts of critical science educators (Fusco & Calabrese Barton, 2001; Gilbert 2013) with the performance expectations of the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) (NGSS Lead States, 2013a) to critically transform the traditional chemistry curriculum at this setting. Essentially, CCE engages students in the critical exploration of socially situated chemistry content knowledge and requires them to demonstrate this knowledge through the practices of science. The purpose of this study was to gauge these students development of chemistry content knowledge, chemistry interest, and critical scientific literacy (CSL) as they engaged in CCE. CSL was a construct developed for this study that necessarily combined the National Research Center’s (2012) definition of scientific literacy with a critical component. As such, CSL entailed demonstrating content knowledge through the practices of science as well as the ability to critically analyze the intersections between science content and socially relevant issues. A mixed methods, critical ethnographic approach framed the collection of data from open-ended questionnaires, focus group interviews, Likert surveys, pre- and post unit tests, and student artifacts. These data revealed three main findings: (1) students began to develop CSL in specific, significant ways working through the activities of CCE, (2) student participants of CCE developed a comparable level of chemistry content understanding to students who participated in a traditional chemistry curriculum, and (3) CCE developed a group of students’ perceptions of interest in chemistry. In addition to being able to teach students discipline specific content knowledge, the implications of this study are that CCE has the ability to affect students’ critical science thinking in positive ways. However, to develop longer lasting, deeper critical insights that students use to participate in science-related issues outside of class, critical science education must be enacted longitudinally and across disciplines. Furthermore, it must be enacted in ways that either prompt or help students to transfer classroom learning outside of the classroom as they engage in critical issues in the classroom.
Homomorphisms with semilocal endomorphism rings between modules
Creators: name: Campanini, Federico
name: El-Deken, Susan F.
name: Facchini, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the category $\operatorname{Morph}(\operatorname{Mod} R)$ whose objects are all morphisms between two right $R$-modules. The behavior of objects of $\operatorname{Morph}(\operatorname{Mod} R)$ whose endomorphism ring in $\operatorname{Morph}(\operatorname{Mod} R)$ is semilocal is very similar to the behavior of modules with a semilocal endomorphism ring. For instance, direct-sum decompositions of a direct sum $\oplus_{i=1}^nM_i$, that is, block-diagonal decompositions, where each object $M_i$ of $\operatorname{Morph}(\operatorname{Mod} R)$ denotes a morphism $μ_{M_i}\colon M_{0,i}\to M_{1,i}$ and where all the modules $M_{j,i}$ have a local endomorphism ring $\operatorname{End}(M_{j,i})$, depend on two invariants. This behavior is very similar to that of direct-sum decompositions of serial modules of finite Goldie dimension, which also depend on two invariants (monogeny class and epigeny class). When all the modules $M_{j,i}$ are uniserial modules, the direct-sum decompositions (block-diagonal decompositions) of a direct-sum $\oplus_{i=1}^nM_i$ depend on four invariants.
Associated Learning: Decomposing End-to-end Backpropagation based on Auto-encoders and Target Propagation
Creators: name: Kao, Yu-Wei
name: Chen, Hung-Hsuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Backpropagation (BP) is the cornerstone of today's deep learning algorithms, but it is inefficient partially because of backward locking, which means updating the weights of one layer locks the weight updates in the other layers. Consequently, it is challenging to apply parallel computing or a pipeline structure to update the weights in different layers simultaneously. In this paper, we introduce a novel learning structure called associated learning (AL), which modularizes the network into smaller components, each of which has a local objective. Because the objectives are mutually independent, AL can learn the parameters in different layers independently and simultaneously, so it is feasible to apply a pipeline structure to improve the training throughput. Specifically, this pipeline structure improves the complexity of the training time from O(nl), which is the time complexity when using BP and stochastic gradient descent (SGD) for training, to O(n + l), where n is the number of training instances and l is the number of hidden layers. Surprisingly, even though most of the parameters in AL do not directly interact with the target variable, training deep models by this method yields accuracies comparable to those from models trained using typical BP methods, in which all parameters are used to predict the target variable. Consequently, because of the scalability and the predictive power demonstrated in the experiments, AL deserves further study to determine the better hyperparameter settings, such as activation function selection, learning rate scheduling, and weight initialization, to accumulate experience, as we have done over the years with the typical BP method. Additionally, perhaps our design can also inspire new network designs for deep learning. Our implementation is available at https://github.com/SamYWK/Associated_Learning.
description: 34 pages, 6 figures, 7 tables
Critical Readings: Devotional Reflections in the Pursuit of Quranic Understanding in Contemporary Pakistan
Creators: Loan, Nadia
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Ethnology
Islamic civilization
Islam--Customs and practices
Women's studies

description: This dissertation is a study of contemporary forms of Quranic learning among women in urban Pakistan. Over the last two decades, Quran study programs which promise an in-depth and personal knowledge of the text, have become immensely popular among educated women from all backgrounds in urban centers of Pakistan. Placing an emphasis on developing skills for reading and understanding the Quran, such programs of study have adopted an approach to textual engagement that departs significantly from previously dominant modes of recitation and memorization of the Quran in everyday practices of ritual devotion. Drawing upon ethnographic fieldwork conducted among women participants of Quranic study, this dissertation investigates these sites of learning to highlight the competencies, logics and modes of argumentation that are encouraged and cultivated among women readers of the Quran. It locates the shift from Quranic recitation to reading within a genealogy of the modernist exegetical tradition popularized by Syed Abul Ala Maududi in the mid-twentieth century in South Asia which made the `ordinary' reader its main focus rather than the scholarly world of the Ulama. It foregrounds this as the condition under which a popular hermeneutics of the Quran emerges in contemporary Pakistan and demonstrates how privileging a modality which illuminates the Quran's `true' meaning steers conceptions about the text and its role in defining ethical action for women readers. This study analyzes how contemporary practices of Quranic hermeneutics by `ordinary' women rely on the ethical cultivation of interpretive agency which is generated simultaneously by notions of the autonomous self and a normative understanding of Quranic injunctions. Through an analysis of women's experiences of reading, it shows that Quranic study in these sites occurs at the nexus of competing modalities of textual engagement in which women combine religious and secular capacities, skills and sensibilities for reflection on the Quran's meaning. It highlights the ways in which seemingly contradictory modes of reflection--one which is critical and another which is governed by devotional affect--are productively reconfigured together for discerning the ethical import of Quranic injunctions and their insertion into the idioms governing everyday life. This dissertation argues that such a mode of appreciation produces a unique register for reflecting on the Quran's pedagogical potential, thus imbuing the desire for `reading as understanding' with the promise of personal and collective social transformation. It also unravels assumptions about the discreteness of the spheres governed by religiosity and secularity in a post-colonial context and enables for a consideration of the ways in which the intersection between the two have been productive of new modalities of womanhood, sociality, and politics.
Additional file 4: of Acceptance and commitment therapy for chronic pain: protocol of a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jiaxi Lin
name: Scott, Whitney
name: Carpenter, Lewis
name: Norton, Sam
name: Domhardt, Matthias
name: Baumeister, Harald
name: McCracken, Lance
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: ACT-CP-MA data extraction form. (DOC 187 kb)
Chern--Simons Terms as an Example of the Relations Between Mathematics and Physics
Creators: name: Deser, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inevitability of Chern--Simons terms in constructing a variety of physical models, and the mathematical advances they in turn generate, illustrates the unexpected but profound interactions between the two disciplines.
description: 8 pages. Contribution to "Relations Between Mathematics and Physics", IHES Anniversary Volume. Title and Abstract changes
Annihilators in the bidual of generalized group algebra of a discrete group
Creators: name: Singh, Lav Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 43A20, 46B28, 46M05, 46H20

description: In this short note, the second dual of generalized group algebra $(\ell^1(G,\mathcal A),\ast)$ equipped with both Arens products is investigated, where $G$ is any discrete group and $\mathcal A$ is a Banach algebra containing a complemented algebraic copy of $(\ell^1(\mathbb N),\bullet)$. We give an explicit family of annihilators(w.r.t both the Arens product) in the algebra $\ell^1(G,\mathcal A)^{**}$, arising from non-principal ultrafilters on $\mathbb N$ and which are not in the topological center. As a consequence, we also deduce the fact that $\ell^1(G,\mathcal A)$ is not Strongly Arens irregular.
description: Major changes done in accordance with the referee report
Additional file 3: of Acceptance and commitment therapy for chronic pain: protocol of a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jiaxi Lin
name: Scott, Whitney
name: Carpenter, Lewis
name: Norton, Sam
name: Domhardt, Matthias
name: Baumeister, Harald
name: McCracken, Lance
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: ACT Pain IPD invitation letter. (DOCX 26 kb)
Power law pseudo phase-space density profiles of dark matter halos: fluke of physics?
Creators: name: Arora, Arpit
name: Williams, Liliya L. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been known for nearly 20 years that the pseudo phase-space density profile of equilibrium simulated dark matter halos, $ρ(r)/σ^3(r)$, is well described by a power law over 3 decades in radius, even though both the density $ρ(r)$, and the velocity dispersion $σ(r)$ deviate significantly from power laws. The origin of this scale-free behavior is not understood. It could be an inherent property of self-gravitating collisionless systems, or it could be a mere coincidence. To address the question we work with equilibrium halos, and more specifically, the second derivative of the Jeans equation, which, under the assumptions of (i) Einasto density profile, (ii) linear velocity anisotropy - density slope relation, and (iii) $ρ/σ^3\propto r^{-α}$, can be transformed from a differential equation to a cubic algebraic equation. Relations (i)-(iii) are all observed in numerical simulations, and are well parametrized by a total of 4 or 6 model parameters. We do not consider dynamical evolution of halos; instead, taking advantage of the fact that the algebraic Jeans equation for equilibrium halos puts relations (i)-(iii) on the same footing, we study the (approximate) solutions of this equation in the 4 and 6 dimensional spaces. We argue that the distribution of best solutions in these parameter spaces is inconsistent with $ρ/σ^3\propto r^{-α}$ being an fundamental property of gravitational evolution, and conclude that the scale-free nature of this quantity is likely to be a fluke.
description: ApJ, Accepted
Compressing the chronology of a temporal network with graph commutators
Creators: name: Allen, Andrea J.
name: Moore, Cristopher
name: Hébert-Dufresne, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies of dynamics on temporal networks often represent the network as a series of "snapshots," static networks active for short durations of time. We argue that successive snapshots can be aggregated if doing so has little effect on the overlying dynamics. We propose a method to compress network chronologies by progressively combining pairs of snapshots whose matrix commutators have the smallest dynamical effect. We apply this method to epidemic modeling on real contact tracing data and find that it allows for significant compression while remaining faithful to the epidemic dynamics.
The time‐resolved hard X‐ray diffraction endstation KMC‐3 XPP at BESSY II
Creators: name: Rössle, Matthias
name: Leitenberger, Wolfram
name: Reinhardt, Matthias
name: Koç, Azize
name: Pudell, Jan
name: Kwamen, Christelle
name: Bargheer, Matias
Publisher: name: International Union of Crystallography
Year: 2021

description: The time‐resolved hard X‐ray diffraction endstation KMC‐3 XPP for optical pump/X‐ray probe experiments at the electron storage ring BESSY II is dedicated to investigating the structural response of thin film samples and heterostructures after their excitation with ultrashort laser pulses and/or electric field pulses. It enables experiments with access to symmetric and asymmetric Bragg reflections via a four‐circle diffractometer and it is possible to keep the sample in high vacuum and vary the sample temperature between ∼15 K and 350 K. The femtosecond laser system permanently installed at the beamline allows for optical excitation of the sample at 1028 nm. A non‐linear optical setup enables the sample excitation also at 514 nm and 343 nm. A time‐resolution of 17 ps is achieved with the `low‐α' operation mode of the storage ring and an electronic variation of the delay between optical pump and hard X‐ray probe pulse conveniently accesses picosecond to microsecond timescales. Direct time‐resolved detection of the diffracted hard X‐ray synchrotron pulses use a gated area pixel detector or a fast point detector in single photon counting mode. The range of experiments that are reliably conducted at the endstation and that detect structural dynamics of samples excited by laser pulses or electric fields are presented.
description: The KMC‐3 XPP endstation of the synchrotron BESSY II is dedicated to time‐resolved studies of structural dynamics of matter upon optical and/or electrical excitation using hard X‐ray diffraction with an accessible time range from 17 ps to several microseconds. image
The Calogero-Sutherland Model and Polynomials with Prescribed Symmetry
Creators: name: Baker, T. H.
name: Forrester, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Schrödinger operators with exchange terms for certain Calogero-Sutherland quantum many body systems have eigenfunctions which factor into the symmetric ground state and a multivariable polynomial. The polynomial can be chosen to have a prescribed symmetry (i.e. be symmetric or antisymmetric) with respect to the interchange of some specified variables. For four particular Calogero-Sutherland systems we construct an eigenoperator for these polynomials which separates the eigenvalues and establishes orthogonality. In two of the cases this involves identifying new operators which commute with the corresponding Schrödinger operators. In each case we express a particular class of the polynomials with prescribed symmetry in a factored form involving the corresponding symmetric polynomials.
description: LaTeX 2.09, 31 pages
Multiple inhibitory effects of succinic acid on Microcystis aeruginosa: morphology, metabolomics, and gene expression
Creators: name: Chen, Yi-dong
name: Zhao, Chu
name: Zhu, Xiao-yu
name: Zhu, Yuan
name: Tian, Ru-nan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: Virology

description: The cell membrane permeability, morphology, metabolomics, and gene expression of Microcystis aeruginosa under various concentrations of succinic acid (SA) were evaluated to clarify the mechanism of SA inhibition of M. aeruginosa. The results showed that SA caused intracellular protein and nucleic acid extravasation by increasing the cell membrane permeability. Scanning electron microscopy suggested that a high dose of SA (60 mg L−1) could damage the cell membrane and even cause lysis in some cells. Metabolomics result demonstrated that change in intracellular lipids content was the main reason for the increase of cell membrane permeability. In addition, SA could negatively affect amino acids metabolism, inhibit the biosynthesis of nucleotides, and interfere with the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle of algal cells. Furthermore, SA also affected N assimilation and caused oxidative damage to Microcystis. In conclusion, SA inhibits the growth of M. aeruginosa through multisite action.
Unified Light-Matter Floquet Theory and its Application to Quantum Communication
Creators: name: Engelhardt, Georg
name: Choudhury, Sayan
name: Liu, W. Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Periodically-driven quantum systems can exhibit a plethora of intriguing non-equilibrium phenomena that can be analyzed using Floquet theory. Naturally, Floquet theory is employed to describe the dynamics of atoms interacting with intense laser fields. However, this semiclassical analysis can not account for quantum-optical phenomena that rely on the quantized nature of light. In this paper, we take a significant step to go beyond the semiclassical description of atom-photon coupled systems by unifying Floquet theory with quantum optics using the framework of full-counting statistics. This is achieved by introducing counting fields that keep track of the photonic dynamics. This formalism, which we dub ``photon-resolved Floquet theory" (PRFT), is based on two-point tomographic measurements, instead of the two-point projective measurements used in standard full-counting statistics. Strikingly, the PRFT predicts the generation of macroscopic light-matter entanglement when atoms interact with multimode electromagnetic fields, thereby leading to complete decoherence of the atomic subsystem in the basis of the Floquet states. This decoherence occurs rapidly in the optical frequency regime, but is negligible in the radio frequency regime. Our results thus pave the way for the design of efficient quantum memories and quantum operations. Finally, employing the PRFT, we propose a quantum communication protocol that can significantly outperform the state-of-art few-photon protocols by two orders of magnitude or better. The PRFT potentially leads to insights in various Floquet settings including spectroscopy, thermodynamics, quantum metrology, and quantum simulations.
description: 35 pages including appendix; 10 figures; comments are welcome
Bipartite post-quantum steering in generalised scenarios
Creators: name: Sainz, Ana Belén
name: Hoban, Matty J.
name: Skrzypczyk, Paul
name: Aolita, Leandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of stronger-than-quantum effects is a fruitful line of research that provides valuable insight into quantum theory. Unfortunately, traditional bipartite steering scenarios can always be explained by quantum theory. Here we show that, by relaxing this traditional setup, bipartite steering incompatible with quantum theory is possible. The two scenarios we describe, which still feature Alice remotely steering Bob's system, are: (i) one where Bob also has an input and operates on his subsystem, and (ii) the `instrumental steering' scenario. We show that such bipartite post-quantum steering is a genuinely new type of post-quantum nonlocality, which does not follow from post-quantum Bell nonlocality. In addition, we present a method to bound quantum violations of steering inequalities in these scenarios.
description: 21 pages, one figure. Comments welcome ! V2: We include a relaxation (characterised by a semidefinite program) of the set of quantum assemblages in the Bob-with-Input scenario
Critiquing Economic Frameworks in Sustainable Development: Health Equity, Resource Management and Materialism
Creators: Nwachuku, Anisa Khadem
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Economics
Public health
Sustainability

description: This collection examines mainstream economics discourse as it relates to three topics in sustainable development: health equity, sustainable non-renewable resource management and development approaches. The themes of the three papers are as follows: Political Dimensions of Health Equity in Mozambique - In order to promote equity in health, analysis should look beyond the standard economic definitions used to identify underserved and vulnerable populations. Human and Social Capital, Compensation or Cost?  Reexamining the Hartwick Rule - In order to achieve sustainable non-renewable resource management, planners must go beyond the current economic theoretical framework and consider the direct impacts of extraction on human and social capital. The Materialism Paradigm - Neither Sustainable, nor Development - The way economists have understood prosperity is materialistic and development is exporting this welfare-reducing paradigm. The synthesis of the series - The frameworks used in economics to address a variety of issues in sustainable development have limited efficacy and would benefit from insights originating outside the discipline.
Optimal Teleportation Based on Bell Measurement
Creators: name: Albeverio, Sergio
name: Fei, Shao-Ming
name: Yang, Wen-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study optimal teleportation based on the Bell measurements. An explicit expression for the quantum channel associated with the optimal teleportation with an arbitrary mixed state resource is presented. The optimal transmission fidelity of the corresponding quantum channel is calculated and shown to be related to the fully entangled fraction of the quantum resource, rather than the singlet fraction as in the standard teleportation protocol.
description: 7 pages, latex, no figures
Cross National Comparisons of Excellence in University Mathematics Instructors - An Analysis of Key Characteristics of Excellent Mathematics Instructors based on Teacher Evaluation Forms
Creators: Grant, Frida Kristin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Mathematics--Study and teaching

description: Mathematicians have, historically, not been overly successful in their approach to teaching and much research has looked in to why this is so. Teaching mathematics is based on a solid understanding of the subject; however, instructors also need to be able to efficiently communicate the subject to their students. The purpose of this study was to establish common characteristics of excellent university lecturers in mathematics by applying Marsh's ten evaluation categories. This thesis sought to identify which of these areas were most consistently demonstrated by those university lecturers receiving the highest student ratings and whether there are any areas in which excellent lecturers received inconsistent ratings. The dissertation further used these observations to provide evidence of particular characteristics that are more important than others in the development of excellent university mathematics instructors.
This study collected quantitative data in the shape of teacher evaluation forms from both Swedish and US mathematics institutions. The data suggests that instructors acknowledged to be excellent receive high ratings in areas concerning subject matter knowledge, explanatory ability, the fairness of examinations, and enthusiasm and commitment to students. Overall, items that explain a lecturer's persona, character and personality are generally more highly correlated with ratings for the instructor himself whereas categories which describe the preparation, organization and structure of the course, are generally more highly correlated with a student's overall learning experience and Overall Course rating.
Additional file 1 of Modified high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy versus conventional oxygen therapy in patients undergoing bronchoscopy: a randomized clinical trial
Creators: name: Wang, Rui
name: Li, Hai-Chao
name: Li, Xu-Yan
name: Tang, Xiao
name: Chu, Hui-Wen
name: Yuan, Xue
name: Tong, Zhao-Hui
name: Sun, Bing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. 1. Methods. 1.1 Appendix S1: Assessment of the modified HFNC in vitro test. 2. Tables. 2.1 Table S1: The combination of parameters defines a state by TestChest. 2.2 Table S2: Effect of modified and regular HFNC on PEEP. 2.3 Table S3: Effect of modified and regular HFNCs on tidal volumes. 2.4 Table S4: Effect of modified and regular HFNCs on FiO2 (FiO2 set at 50%). 3.1 Figure S1: Modified high-flow nasal cannula. 3.2 Figure S2: Device connection diagram.