cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Les interventions infirmières permettant de diminuer la solitude et l’isolement social chez les personnes âgées dépendantes vivant seules à domicile
title: Les interventions infirmières permettant de diminuer la solitude et l’isolement social chez les personnes âgées dépendantes vivant seules à domicile
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Melly, Valentine
name: Schwab, Megane
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Personnes âgées
subject: Domicile
subject: Solitude
subject: Isolement social

description: Contexte : Les recherches épidémiologiques démontrent qu’en Suisse, le nombre de personnes âgées souffrant d’isolement social et/ou de solitude est important. Cette population est en augmentation, ce qui rend la problématique de cette thèse significative et actuelle. Objectif : Le but de ce travail de Bachelor est de suggérer des interventions infirmières permettant de diminuer le sentiment de solitude et l’isolement social chez les personnes âgées dépendantes vivant seules à domicile. Méthode : Deux bases de données ont été utilisées pour étayer cette revue de littérature : CINHAL Complete® et PuBMed®. Après plusieurs étapes de recherche, six articles ont été retenus selon des critères d’inclusion et d’exclusion précis. La théorie de l’Human Caring Science selon Jean Watson a été utile dans l’analyse des résultats. Résultats : La littérature a mis en lumière diverses interventions ayant pour but la diminution de la solitude ou de l’isolement social. Les interventions proposées sont les suivantes : le programme « Esc@pe », des groupes de réhabilitation psychosociale, des comportements positifs, des stratégies d’autoprotection, une prise en charge spécifique dans le contexte des soins à domicile et finalement, de l’art expressif. Conclusion : Il existe plusieurs interventions infirmières efficaces et potentiellement applicables pour lutter contre l’isolement social et le sentiment de solitude. En Suisse, il serait intéressant pour la pratique et la recherche infirmière d’approfondir cette problématique. En effet, étudier la possibilité d’implantation des interventions proposées par la littérature pourrait participer à combler un besoin réel.
Bounded Disturbance Amplification for Mass Chains with Passive Interconnection
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Kaoru
name: Smith, Malcolm C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 93A14, 93A15

description: This paper introduces the problem of passive control of a chain of N identical masses in which there is an identical passive connection between neighbouring masses and a similar connection to a movable point. The problem arises in the design of multi-storey buildings which are subjected to earthquake disturbances, but applies in other situations, for example vehicle platoons. The paper studies the scalar transfer functions from the disturbance to a given intermass displacement. It is shown that these transfer functions can be conveniently represented in the form of complex iterative maps and that these maps provide a method to establish boundedness in N of the H-infinity norm of these transfer functions for certain choices of interconnection impedance.
Enantioselective liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry assay for the determination of ifosfamide and identification of the N-dechloroethylated metabolites of ifosfamide in human plasma
Creators: name: Oliveira, Regina V.
name: Walko, Christine M.
name: Wainer, Irving W.
name: Onorato, Joelle M.
name: Lindley, Celeste
name: Siluk, Danuta
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: A sensitive and specific liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method has been developed and validated for the enantioselective determination of ifosfamide [(R)-IF and (S)-IF] in human plasma and for the detection of the N-dechloroethylated metabolites of IF, 2-N-dechloroethylifosfamide [(R)-2-DCl-IF and (S)-2-DCl-IF] and 3-N-dechloroethylifosfamide [(R)-3-DCl-IF and (S)-3-DCl-IF]. IF, 2-DCl-IF and 3-DCl-IF were extracted from plasma using solid-phase extraction and resolved by liquid chromatography on a column containing a Chirabiotic T chiral stationary phase. The enantioselective separations were achieved using a mobile phase composed of 2-propanol:methanol (60:40 v/v) and a flow rate of 0.5 ml/min. The observed enantioselectivities (α) for IF, 2-DCl-IF and 3-DCl-IF were 1.20, 1.17 and 1.20, respectively. The calibration curve was linear in the concentration range of 37.50-4800 ng/ml for each ifosfamide enantiomer (r2 > 0.997). The lower limit of detection (LLOD) was 5.00 ng/ml. The inter- and intra-day precision ranged from 3.63 to 15.8 % relative standard deviation (RSD) and 10.1 to 14.3 % RSD, respectively, and the accuracy ranged from 89.2 to 101.5 % of the nominal values. The method was applied to the analysis of plasma samples obtained from a cancer patient who received 3.75 g/m2/d dose of (R,S)-ifosfamide as a 96-h continuous infusion.
Labeled content of two furanocoumarins in dietary supplements correlates with neither actual content nor CYP3A inhibitory activity
Creators: name: Paine, Mary F.
name: VanderMolen, Karen M.
name: Oberlies, Nicholas H.
name: Ainslie, Garrett R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Dietary supplements are a multi-billion dollar business, with yearly profit increases. Allegedly safe, these supplements are marketed to a variety of niches, encompassing claims from immune support to weight loss. Six sports nutrition supplements were acquired that were labeled to contain the furanocoumarin(s) bergamottin and/or 6′,7′-dihydroxybergamottin (DHB), both of which are potent irreversible inhibitors of the prominent drug metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A). Both furanocoumarins are typically present in grapefruit juice, which has been shown to inhibit intestinal CYP3A, perpetrating an increase in the systemic exposure of certain concomitant ‘victim’ drugs. The acquired supplements were analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to both a photodiode array (PDA) detector and a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (MS). Contrary to the product labeling, four of the supplements contained no detectable quantities of either furanocoumarin (LOD 0.060 μg/capsule), while two of the supplements contained minimal amounts (one contained 12.13 (± 0.23) μg bergamottin and 65.51 (± 0.64) μg DHB per capsule; the other contained 2.705 (± 0.069) μg bergamottin per capsule and no detectable quantities of DHB). A CYP3A inhibition bioassay was used to assess whether the actual content of the furanocoumarins correlated with CYP3A inhibitory activity. Despite the low amounts of bergamottin and DHB, CYP3A inhibition by the supplements was greater than could be accounted for by the two furanocoumarins. The additional activity suggests the presence of other potent or highly abundant CYP3A inhibitors.
Industrial agriculture and community outcomes: A preliminary study of Goldschmidt’s hypothesis  in rural Canada
Creators: Parkins, John R.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2015

In the 1970s, Goldschmidt found that industrialization of swine production in Iowa resulted in declining social and economic returns to neighbouring farming communities. This finding is confirmed by several more recent studies in the United States, indicating that regions dominated by family farms possess better socioeconomic conditions compared to regions with larger farms. This paper explores the Goldschmidt hypothesis in the Canadian context with data from the Census of Canada and the Census of Agriculture (2006) at the level of the Census Consolidated Subdivision. Measures of industrialization include indices of farm capitalization and farm receipts, and a ratio of total pigs and total cows per farm within a region and indicators for socioeconomic status include average income and a poverty rate. Bivariate and multivariate statistics show that the relationship between agricultural structure and socioeconomic outcomes is often weak, or potentially non-linear. The mean number of pigs per farm in a Subdivision, for example, is associated with higher average incomes to a point (approximately 2500 pigs) and then, on average, no further income gains are realized from larger herds. Based on these findings, we reject the Goldschmidt hypothesis and construct a more complex picture of the social effects of agricultural industrialization in rural Canada.
Quantum doubles of Fock type and bosonization
Creators: name: Gurevich, Dimitry
name: Saponov, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81R50

description: We introduce analogs of creation and annihilation operators, related to involutive and Hecke symmetries R, and perform bosonic and fermionic realization of the modified Reflection Equation algebras in terms of the so-called Quantum Doubles of Fock type. Also, we introduce Quantum Doubles of Fock type, associated with Birman-Murakami-Wenzl symmetries coming from orthogonal or simplectic Quantum Groups and exhibit the algebras obtained by means of the corresponding bosonization (fermionization). Besides, we apply this scheme to current braidings arising from Hecke symmetries R via the Baxterization procedure.
Universal non-resonant absorption in carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Vialla, Fabien
name: Malic, Ermin
name: Langlois, Benjamin
name: Chassagneux, Yannick
name: Diederichs, Carole
name: Deleporte, Emmanuelle
name: Roussignol, Philippe
name: Lauret, Jean-Sébastien
name: Voisin, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoluminescence excitation measurements in semi-conducting carbon nanotubes show a systematic non-resonant contribution between the well known excitonic resonances. Using a global analysis method, we were able to delineate the contribution of each chiral species including its tiny non-resonant component. By comparison with the recently reported excitonic absorption cross-section on the $S_{22}$ resonance, we found a universal non-resonant absorbance which turns out to be of the order of one half of that of an equivalent graphene sheet. This value as well as the absorption line-shape in the non-resonant window is in excellent agreement with microscopic calculations based on the density matrix formalism. This non-resonant absorption of semi-conducting nanotubes is essentially frequency independent over 0.5~eV wide windows and reaches approximately the same value betweeen the $S_{11}$ and $S_{22}$ resonances or between the $S_{22}$ and $S_{33}$ resonances. In addition, the non-resonant absorption cross- section turns out to be the same for all the chiral species we measured in this study. From a practical point of view, this study puts firm basis on the sample content analysis based on photoluminescence studies by targeting specific excitation wavelengths that lead to almost uniform excitation of all the chiral species of a sample within a given diameter range.
Subject 2 - pseudo mapped finite element model files
Creators: name: McCrady, Allison
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 460207
subject: Modelling and simulation
classificationCode: 420701
subject: Biomechanics

description: Subject 2 pseudo mapped finite element files for FEBio. Maps include Anterior/Posterior, Medial/Lateral, Proximal, Middle, Distal, and Proximal Distal. Fat percentage in the region ranges from 10-100% in increments of 10%.
Influence of Drug Transport Proteins on the Pharmacokinetics and Drug Interactions of Hiv Protease Inhibitors
Creators: name: Annaert, Pieter
name: Brouwer, Kim L.R.
name: Griffin, Latoya
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Protease inhibitors, a class of antiretroviral agents frequently used in the treatment of HIV infection, interact with numerous transport proteins resulting in clinically significant drug-drug interactions (DDIs). This review focuses on the proteins that transport protease inhibitors and directly influence the pharmacokinetics of these drugs, as well as the transport proteins that are inhibited or induced by protease inhibitors. Clinically relevant DDIs involving drug transporters and protease inhibitors, either as "victim" drugs or as "perpetrator" drugs, and the pharmacokinetic consequences of such interactions are highlighted. A summary of transporter-mediated processes underlying the toxicity of protease inhibitors is provided. Finally, the effect of HIV infection or co-infection on drug transport proteins, and the implications for protease inhibitor pharmacokinetics is discussed. Transport proteins significantly influence the pharmacokinetics, efficacy and toxicity profiles of this important class of drugs.
MPEC 2023-U235 : 2023 US7
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 US7

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
A Dicarboxylic Fatty Acid Derivative of Paclitaxel for Albumin-Assisted Drug Delivery
Creators: name: Hartranft, Megan E.
name: Hackett, Michael J.
name: Cho, Moo J.
name: Joolakanti, Shyamsunder
name: Guley, Patrick C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Paclitaxel is a potent chemotherapy for many cancers but it suffers from very poor solubility. Consequently the TAXOL formulation uses copious amounts of the surfactant Cremophor EL to solubilize the drug for injection resulting in severe hypersensitivity and neutropenia. In contrast to Cremophor EL, presented is a way to solubilize paclitaxel (PTX) by conjugation of a dicarboxylic fatty acid for specific binding to the ubiquitous protein, serum albumin. The conjugation chemistry was simplified to a single step using the activated anhydride form of 3-pentadecylglutaric (PDG) acid which is reactive to a variety of nucleophiles. The PDG derivative is less cytotoxic than the parent compound and was found to slowly hydrolyze to PTX (~5% over 72 h) in serum, tumor cytosol, and tumor tissue homogenate. When injected intravenously to tumor bearing mice, [3H]-PTX in the TAXOL formulation was cleared rapidly with a half-life of 7 hours. In the case of the PDG derivative of PTX, the drug is quickly distributed and approximately 20% of the injected dose remained in the vasculature experiencing a 23-h half-life. These improvements from modifying PTX with the PDG fatty acid present the opportunity for PDG to become a generic modification for the improvement of many therapeutics.
Quantizing the Homogeneous Linear Perturbations about Taub using the Jacobi Method of Second Variation
Creators: name: Bae, Joseph H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applying the Jacobi method of second variation to the Bianchi IX system in Misner variables $(α, β_+, β_-)$, we specialize to the Taub space background $(β_- = 0)$ and obtain the governing equations for linearized homogeneous perturbations $(α', β_+', β_-')$ thereabout. Employing a canonical transformation, we isolate two decoupled gauge-invariant linearized variables ($β_-'$ and $Q_+' = p_+ α' + p_αβ_+'$), together with their conjugate momenta and linearized Hamiltonians. These two linearized Hamiltonians are of time-dependent harmonic oscillator form, and we quantize them to get time-dependent Schrödinger equations. For the case of $Q_+'$, we are able to solve for the discrete solutions and the exact quantum squeezed states.
description: LaTeX, 6 pages, 1 figure
Monte Carlo simulations of post-common-envelope white dwarf + main sequence binaries: The effects of including recombination energy
Creators: name: Zorotovic, M.
name: Schreiber, M. R.
name: García-Berro, E.
name: Camacho, J.
name: Torres, S.
name: Rebassa-Mansergas, A.
name: Gänsicke, B. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detached WD+MS PCEBs are perhaps the most suitable objects for testing predictions of close-compact binary-star evolution theories, in particular, CE evolution. The population of WD+MS PCEBs has been simulated by several authors in the past and compared with observations. However, most of those predictions did not take the possible contributions to the envelope ejection from additional sources of energy (mostly recombination energy) into account. Here we update existing binary population models of WD+MS PCEBs by assuming that a fraction of the recombination energy available within the envelope contributes to ejecting the envelope. We performed Monte Carlo simulations of 10^7 MS+MS binaries for 9 different models using standard assumptions for the initial primary mass function, binary separations, and initial-mass-ratio distribution and evolved these systems using the publicly available BSE code. Including a fraction of recombination energy leads to a clear prediction of a large number of long orbital period (>~10 days) systems mostly containing high-mass WDs. The fraction of systems with He-core WD primaries increases with the CE efficiency and the existence of very low-mass He WDs is only predicted for high values of the CE efficiency (>~0.5). All models predict on average longer orbital periods for PCEBs containing C/O-core WDs than for PCEBs containing He WDs. This effect increases with increasing values of both efficiencies. Longer periods after the CE phase are also predicted for systems containing more massive secondary stars. The initial-mass-ratio distribution affects the distribution of orbital periods, especially the distribution of secondary star masses. Our simulations, in combination with a large and homogeneous observational sample, can provide constraints on the values of the CE efficiencies, as well as on the initial-mass-ratio distribution for MS+MS binary stars.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
MPEC 2023-U236 : 2023 UT7
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 UT7

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Figure S1: from Buoyancy forcing and the subpolar Atlantic meridional overturning circulation
Creators: name: Buckley, Martha W.
name: Susan Lozier, M.
name: Desbruyéres, Damien
name: Gwyn Evans, Dafydd
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: A comparison between the mean Atlantic overturning streamfuction in density space at OSNAP for ECCOv4 (orange) and OSNAP observations (blue). The overturning streamfuction in density space is also shown at 45°N (green) and the Greenland-Scotland Ridge (red). The convergence of the overturning between 45°N (green) and the Greenland-Scotland Ridge is shown in Figure 2a.
Stable Dry Powder Formulation for Nasal Delivery of Anthrax Vaccine
Creators: name: Hickey, Anthony J.
name: Wang, Sheena H.
name: Kirwan, Shaun M.
name: Abraham, Soman N.
name: Staats, Herman F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: There is a current biodefense interest in protection against Anthrax. Here we developed a new generation of stable and effective anthrax vaccine. We studied the immune response elicited by rPA delivered intranasally with a novel mucosal adjuvant, a mast cell activator Compound 48/80. The vaccine formulation was prepared in a powder form by spray-freeze-drying (SFD) under optimized conditions to produce particles with a target size of D50=25μm, suitable for delivery to the rabbit nasal cavity. Physicochemical properties of the powder vaccines were characterized to assess their delivery and storage potential. Structural stability of rPA was confirmed by CD and ATR-FTIR, while functional stability of rPA and C48/80 was monitored by cell-based assays. Animal study was performed using a unitdose powder device for direct nasal application. Results showed that C48/80 provided effective mucosal adjuvant activity in rabbits. Freshly prepared SFD powder vaccine formulations or powders stored for over two years at room temperature elicited significantly elevated serum PA-specific and lethal toxin neutralization antibody titers that were comparable to that induced by IM immunization with rPA. Nasal delivery of this vaccine formulation may be a viable alternative to the currently licensed vaccine, or an attractive vaccine platform for other mucosally transmitted diseases.
An updated review on drug-induced cholestasis: Mechanisms and investigation of physicochemical properties and pharmacokinetic parameters
Creators: name: Köck, Kathleen
name: Yang, Kyunghee
name: Tropsha, Alexander
name: Sedykh, Alexander
name: Brouwer, Kim L.R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Drug-induced cholestasis is an important form of acquired liver disease and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Bile acids are key signaling molecules, but they can exert toxic responses when they accumulate in hepatocytes. This review focuses on the physiological mechanisms of drug-induced cholestasis associated with altered bile acid homeostasis due to direct (e.g. bile acid transporter inhibition) or indirect (e.g. activation of nuclear receptors, altered function/expression of bile acid transporters) processes. Mechanistic information about the effects of a drug on bile acid homeostasis is important when evaluating the cholestatic potential of a compound, but experimental data often are not available. The relationship between physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetic parameters, and inhibition of the bile salt export pump (BSEP) among seventy-seven cholestatic drugs with different pathophysiological mechanisms of cholestasis (i.e. impaired formation of bile vs. physical obstruction of bile flow) was investigated. The utility of in silico models to obtain mechanistic information about the impact of compounds on bile acid homeostasis to aid in predicting the cholestatic potential of drugs is highlighted.
CYP1A1 and CYP1B1-Mediated Biotransformation of the Antitrypanosomal Methamidoxime Prodrug DB844 Forms Novel Metabolites Through Intramolecular Rearrangement
Creators: name: Ansede, John H.
name: Tidwell, Richard R.
name: Boykin, David W.
name: Wang, Michael Zhuo
name: Voyksner, Robert D.
name: Stephens, Chad E.
name: Ismail, Mohamed A.
name: Yang, Sihyung
name: Bridges, Arlene S.
name: Hall, James Edwin
name: Ju, Wujian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: DB844 (CPD-594-12), N-methoxy-6-{5-[4-(N-methoxyamidino)phenyl]-furan-2-yl}-nicotinamidine, is an oral prodrug that has shown promising efficacy in both mouse and monkey models of second stage human African trypanosomiasis. However, gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity was observed with high doses in a vervet monkey safety study. In the current study, we compared the metabolism of DB844 by hepatic and extrahepatic cytochrome P450s to determine if differences in metabolite formation underlie the observed GI toxicity. DB844 undergoes sequential O-demethylation and N-dehydroxylation in the liver to form the active compound DB820 (CPD-593-12). However, extrahepatic CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 produced two new metabolites, MX and MY. Accurate mass and collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry analyses of the metabolites supported proposed structures of MX and MY. In addition, MY was confirmed with a synthetic standard and detection of nitric oxide release when DB844 was incubated with CYP1A1. Taken altogether, we propose that MX is formed by insertion of an oxygen into the amidine C=N to form an oxaziridine, which is followed by intramolecular rearrangement of the adjacent O-methyl group and subsequent release of nitric oxide. The resulting imine ester, MX, is further hydrolyzed to form MY. These findings may contribute to furthering the understanding of toxicities associated with benzamidoxime- and benzmethamidoxime-containing molecules.
Constraining the Cratering Chronology of Vesta
Creators: name: O'Brien, David P.
name: Marchi, Simone
name: Morbidelli, Alessandro
name: Bottke, William F.
name: Schenk, Paul M.
name: Russell, Christopher T.
name: Raymond, Carol A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vesta has a complex cratering history, with ancient terrains as well as recent large impacts that have led to regional resurfacing. Crater counts can help constrain the relative ages of different units on Vesta's surface, but converting those crater counts to absolute ages requires a chronology function. We present a cratering chronology based on the best current models for the dynamical evolution of asteroid belt, and calibrate it to Vesta using the record of large craters on its surface. While uncertainties remain, our chronology function is broadly consistent with an ancient surface of Vesta as well as other constraints such as the bombardment history of the rest of the inner Solar System and the Ar-Ar age distribution of howardite, eucrite and diogenite (HED) meteorites from Vesta.
description: Accepted to Planetary and Space Science on May 1, 2014
Orally Administered DTPA Penta-Ethyl Ester for the Decorporation of Inhaled 241Am
Creators: name: Guilmette, Raymond A.
name: Doyle-Eisele, Melanie
name: Leed, Marina G.D.
name: Weber, Waylon M.
name: Jay, Michael
name: Huckle, James E.
name: Sadgrove, Matthew P.
name: Sueda, Katsuhiko
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) is an effective decorporation agent to facilitate the elimination of radionuclides from the body, but its permeability-limited oral bioavailability limits its utility in mass-casualty emergencies. To overcome this limitation, a prodrug strategy using the penta-ethyl ester form of DTPA is under investigation. Pharmacokinetic and biodistribution studies were conducted in rats by orally administering [14C]DTPA penta-ethyl ester, and this prodrug and its hydrolysis products were analyzed as a single entity. Compared to a previous reporting of intravenously administered DTPA, the oral administration of this prodrug resulted in a sustained plasma concentration profile with higher plasma exposure and lower clearance. An assessment of the urine composition revealed that the bioactivation was extensive but incomplete, with no detectable levels of the penta- or tetra-ester forms. Tissue distribution at 12 h was limited, with approximately 73% of the administered dose being associated with the gastrointestinal tract. In the efficacy study, rats were exposed to aerosols of 241Am nitrate before receiving a single oral treatment of the prodrug. The urinary excretion of 241Am was found to be 19% higher than with the control. Consistent with prior reports of DTPA, the prodrug was most effective when the treatment delays were minimized.
Properties of the dissipation functions for passive and active systems
Creators: name: Soni, Harsh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dissipation function for a system is defined as the natural logarithm of the ratio between probabilities of a trajectory and its time-reversed trajectory, and its probability distribution follows a well-known relation called the fluctuation theorem. Using the generic Langevin equations, we derive the expressions of the dissipation function for passive and active systems. For passive systems, the dissipation function depends only on the initial and the final values of the dynamical variables of the system, not on the trajectory of the system. Furthermore, it does not depend explicitly on the reactive or dissipative coupling coefficients of the generic Langevin equations. In addition, we study a 1D case numerically to verify the fluctuation theorem with the form of the dissipation function we obtained. For active systems, we define the work done by active forces along a trajectory. If the probability distribution of the dynamical variables is symmetric under time reversal, in both cases, the average rate of change of the dissipation function with trajectory duration is nothing but the average entropy production rate of the system and reservoir.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure, to be published in PRE: https://journals.aps.org/pre/accepted/0407dRddJbf18e22c1d416f26306d34d1bbb85135
Cross-validation for nonlinear mixed effects models
Creators: name: Bair, Eric
name: Colby, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Cross-validation is frequently used for model selection in a variety of applications. However, it is difficult to apply cross-validation to mixed effects models (including nonlinear mixed effects models or NLME models) due to the fact that cross-validation requires “out-of-sample” predictions of the outcome variable, which cannot be easily calculated when random effects are present. We describe two novel variants of cross-validation that can be applied to nonlinear mixed effects models. One variant, where out-of-sample predictions are based on post hoc estimates of the random effects, can be used to select the overall structural model. Another variant, where cross-validation seeks to minimize the estimated random effects rather than the estimated residuals, can be used to select covariates to include in the model. We show that these methods produce accurate results in a variety of simulated data sets and apply them to two publicly available population pharmacokinetic data sets.
Two decades of the Eurotransplant Senior Program: the gender gap in mortality impacts patient survival after kidney transplantation
Creators: name: Schachtner, Thomas
name: Otto, Nathalie M.
name: Reinke, Petra
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geschlechterdifferenz
subject: Medizin
subject: Alter
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: Gender Health Gap

description: Background. Long-termoutcomes of the Eurotransplant Senior Program (ESP) are urgently needed to improve selection criteria and allocation policies in the elderly. Methods. We analysed patient and allograft outcomes of 244 ESP-kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) between 1999 and 2019 and assessed quality of living compared with 82 ESP-waitlisted dialysis patients using standardized short form-8. Results. We observed 1-, 5- and 10-year patient survival of 91.7, 66.3 and 38.0%, respectively. Mortality risk factors included male gender (P¼0.006) and T-cell-mediated rejection (P<0.001). Median patient survival of male ESP-KTRs was 80 versus 131months for female ESP-KTRs (P¼0.006). 1-, 5- and 10-year death-censored allograft survival was 93.3, 82.6 and 70.4%. Risk factors included high body mass index (P<0.001) and T-cell-mediated rejection (P<0.001). After re-initiation of dialysis median patient survival was 58 months. Change of estimated glomerular filtration rate showed a mean decline of 2.3 and 6.8 mL/min at 5 and 10 years. Median physical and mental component scores of ESP-KTRs were 40.2 and 48.3, significantly higher compared with dialysis patients (P<0.05). Of ESP-KTRs, 97.5% who underwent transplantation would again do so. Conclusions. Long-term outcomes of ESP-KTRs ultimately support the effectiveness of an age-matched allocation system. Our data suggest that the survival advantage of women is maintained after kidney transplantation and calls for genderspecific care.
PREDICTION OF DH LINES TESTCROSS VALUE FOR GRAIN YIELD AND HARVEST MOISTURE IN MAIZE: EFFICACY OF QTL MAPPING AND GENOME-WIDE APPROACHES IN MULTI-PARENTAL ELITE POPULATIONS
Creators: name: DELLA PORTA, GIOVANNI
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: Abstract Grain Yield (GY) and Grain Moisture content at harvest (GM) are complex quantitative traits and by far the two performance traits of major interest for maize breeder. Prediction accuracy of the testcross performance of untested Double Haploid (DH) maize lines for these two traits is of tremendous importance in order to increase genetic gain. We analysed genomic and phenotypic data of testcross progenies of 1066 DH lines genotyped with 3072 SNP markers and derived from three large half-sib populations phenotyped for GY and GM in eight locations and applied cross-validation method to compare the accuracy of whole genome prediction (GP) and QTL based prediction approaches. GP showed higher accuracy for both traits with mean predictive ability of 0.58 and 0.73 for GY and GM respectively in comparison of 0.15 and 0.30 as mean predictive ability obtained using the QTL-based approach. Both methods showed higher accuracy in predicting GM in comparison to GY. The lack of accuracy for QTL based prediction confirmed the major issues traditionally faced in playing with QTL for polygenic and complex traits. For GP the simultaneous use of the three half-sib population did not increase the accuracy prediction obtained working within the same parental population while the predictive ability dropped when predicting a population with a training set formed by other population (0.39 and 0.58 versus 0.53 and 0.73 for GY and GM respectively) confirming the strong influence of genetic relationship between estimation set and test set on the predictive ability. Our experimental results confirm that Whole Genome prediction accuracy is surpassing QTL prediction accuracy for the two maize-breeding target-traits and raised the concern on the way grain yield and grain moisture QTL had been implemented in breeding program so far. One could be interested in exploring possibility to combine relevant QTL and whole genome prediction together to advance towards performance prediction accuracy increase.
Thermal sensitivity as a measure of spontaneous morphine withdrawal in mice
Creators: name: Balter, Rebecca E.
name: Dykstra, Linda A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Opioid withdrawal syndrome is a critical component of opioid abuse and consists of a wide array of symptoms including increases in pain sensitivity (hyperalgesia). A reliable preclinical model of hyperalgesia during opioid withdrawal is needed to evaluate possible interventions to alleviate withdrawal. The following study describes a method for assessing increases in thermal sensitivity on the hotplate in a mouse model of spontaneous morphine withdrawal.
Jurisdiction, Recognition and Enforcement of Judgments in Claims Arising out of Smart Contracts under the Brussels I Regulation (recast) and on the Blockchain
Creators: name: Lopez Rodriguez, Ana Mercedes
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2022
Subjects: Smart contracts
Jurisdiction
Enforcement
Brussels I Regulation (Recast)
Blockchain

description: The emergence of Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT)/blockchain and its application through the so-called smart contracts poses significant challenges from the point of view of classical contract law and private international law. Its decentralization, anonymity/opacity, immutability, interconnectivity, and automation certainly generate complex legal problems, including relevant questions pertaining to jurisdiction. This article deals with jurisdiction, recognition and enforcement of judgments arising out of smart contracts under the Brussels I Regulation (Recast), including existing caselaw on the topic. The article also addresses the issue of blockchain dispute resolution.
On the crystalline cohomology of Deligne-Lusztig varieties
Creators: name: Grosse-Klönne, Elmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $X\to Y^0$ be an abelian prime-to-$p$ Galois covering of smooth schemes over a perfect field $k$ of characteristic $p>0$. Let $Y$ be a smooth compactification of $Y^0$ such that $Y-Y^0$ is a normal crossings divisor on $Y$. We describe a logarithmic $F$-crystal on $Y$ whose rational crystalline cohomology is the rigid cohomology of $X$, in particular provides a natural $W[F]$-lattice inside the latter; here $W$ is the Witt vector ring of $k$. If a finite group $G$ acts compatibly on $X$, $Y^0$ and $Y$ then our construction is $G$-equivariant. As an example we apply it to Deligne-Lusztig varieties. For a finite field $k$, if ${\mathbb G}$ is a connected reductive algebraic group defined over $k$ and ${\mathbb L}$ a $k$-rational torus satisfying a certain standard condition, we obtain a meaningful equivariant $W[F]$-lattice in the cohomology ($\ell$-adic or rigid) of the corresponding Deligne-Lusztig variety and an expression of its reduction modulo $p$ in terms of equivariant Hodge cohomology groups.
Evaluating the spectral distinction between sibilant fricatives through a speaker-centered approach
Creators: name: Callahan Mandulak, Kerry
name: Zajac, David J.
name: Seelinger, Elizabeth
name: Haley, Katarina L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: This study was designed to examine the feasibility of using the spectral mean and/or spectral skewness to distinguish between alveolar and palato-alveolar fricatives produced by individual adult speakers of English. Five male and five female speaker participants produced 100 CVC words with an initial consonant /s/ or /ʃ/. The spectral mean and skewness were derived every 10 milliseconds throughout the fricative segments and plotted for all productions. Distinctions were examined for each speaker through visual inspection of these time history plots and statistical comparisons were completed for analysis windows centered 50 ms after the onset of the fricative segment. The results showed significant differences between the alveolar and palato-alveolar fricatives for both the mean and skewness values. However, there was considerable inter-speaker overlap, limiting the utility of the measures to evaluate the adequacy of the phonetic distinction. When the focus shifted to individual speakers rather than average group performance, only the spectral mean distinguished consistently between the two phonetic categories. The robustness of the distinction suggests that intra-speaker overlap in spectral mean between prevocalic /s/ and /ʃ/ targets may be indicative of abnormal fricative production and a useful measure for clinical applications.
Judgments of self-identified gay and heterosexual male speakers: Which phonemes are most salient in determining sexual orientation?
Creators: name: Bainter, Sierra A.
name: Satariano, Nicholas P.
name: Tracy, Erik C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: While numerous studies have demonstrated that a male speaker’s sexual orientation can be identified from relatively long passages of speech, few studies have evaluated whether listeners can determine sexual orientation when presented with word-length stimuli. If listeners are able to distinguish between self-identified gay and heterosexual male speakers of American English, it is unclear whether they form their judgments based on a phoneme, such as a vowel or consonant, or multiple phonemes, such as a vowel and a consonant. In this study, we first found that listeners can distinguish between self-identified gay and heterosexual speakers of American English upon hearing word-length stimuli. We extended these results in a separate experiment to demonstrate that listeners primarily rely on vowels, and to some extent consonants, when forming their judgments. Listeners were able to differentiate between the two groups of speakers for each of the vowels and three of the seven consonants presented. In a follow-up experiment we found evidence that listeners’ judgments improved if they were presented with multiple phonemes, such as a vowel and /s/. These results provide important information about how different phonemes can provide discriminant information about a male speaker’s sexual orientation.
Polarimetric Multi-View Inverse Rendering
Creators: name: Zhao, Jinyu
name: Monno, Yusuke
name: Okutomi, Masatoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A polarization camera has great potential for 3D reconstruction since the angle of polarization (AoP) and the degree of polarization (DoP) of reflected light are related to an object's surface normal. In this paper, we propose a novel 3D reconstruction method called Polarimetric Multi-View Inverse Rendering (Polarimetric MVIR) that effectively exploits geometric, photometric, and polarimetric cues extracted from input multi-view color-polarization images. We first estimate camera poses and an initial 3D model by geometric reconstruction with a standard structure-from-motion and multi-view stereo pipeline. We then refine the initial model by optimizing photometric rendering errors and polarimetric errors using multi-view RGB, AoP, and DoP images, where we propose a novel polarimetric cost function that enables an effective constraint on the estimated surface normal of each vertex, while considering four possible ambiguous azimuth angles revealed from the AoP measurement. The weight for the polarimetric cost is effectively determined based on the DoP measurement, which is regarded as the reliability of polarimetric information. Experimental results using both synthetic and real data demonstrate that our Polarimetric MVIR can reconstruct a detailed 3D shape without assuming a specific surface material and lighting condition.
description: Paper accepted in IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (2022). arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2007.08830
PubMed. Search filter for randomized controlled trials / controlled clinical trials
Creators: name: Martínez, María Luisa Maquedano
name: García-Puente, María
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: PubMed search filter

description: Own search filter for randomized controlled trials and clinical controlled trials, extensively tested in PubMed with different sets of gold standard articles in research projects.
The Association of Perceived and Objectively Measured Crime with Physical Activity: A Cross-Sectional Analysis
Creators: name: Evenson, Kelly R.
name: Rodriguez, Daniel A.
name: McGinn, Aileen P.
name: Huston, Sara L.
name: Herring, Amy H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Crime is one aspect of the environment that can act as a barrier to physical activity. The goals of this study were to (1) compare measures of perceived crime with observed crime and (2) examine the association between the independent and combined effects of objective and perceived crime on physical activity.
Lunar and Terrestrial Planet Formation in the Grand Tack Scenario
Creators: name: Jacobson, Seth A.
name: Morbidelli, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present conclusions from a large number of N-body simulations of the giant impact phase of terrestrial planet formation. We focus on new results obtained from the recently proposed Grand Tack model, which couples the gas-driven migration of giant planets to the accretion of the terrestrial planets. The giant impact phase follows the oligarchic growth phase, which builds a bi-modal mass distribution within the disc of embryos and planetesimals. By varying the ratio of the total mass in the embryo population to the total mass in the planetesimal population and the mass of the individual embryos, we explore how different disc conditions control the final planets. The total mass ratio of embryos to planetesimals controls the timing of the last giant (Moon forming) impact and its violence. The initial embryo mass sets the size of the lunar impactor and the growth rate of Mars. After comparing our simulated outcomes with the actual orbits of the terrestrial planets (angular momentum deficit, mass concentration) and taking into account independent geochemical constraints on the mass accreted by the Earth after the Moon forming event and on the timescale for the growth of Mars, we conclude that the protoplanetary disc at the beginning of the giant impact phase must have had most of its mass in Mars-sized embryos and only a small fraction of the total disc mass in the planetesimal population. From this, we infer that the Moon forming event occurred between $\sim$60 and $\sim$130 My after the formation of the first solids, and was caused most likely by an object with a mass similar to that of Mars.
description: 26 pages, 10 Figures, Accepted in Philosophical Transactions
PubMed. Search filter for Randomized controlled trials / Controlled clinical trials
Creators: name: Martínez, María Luisa Maquedano
name: García-Puente, María
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: PubMed search filter

description: Own search filter for systematic reviews and meta-analysis, extensively tested in PubMed with different sets of gold standard articles in research projects.
Artificial Pupil Dilation for Data Augmentation in Iris Semantic Segmentation
Creators: name: Benalcazar, Daniel P.
name: Benalcazar, David A.
name: Valenzuela, Andres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Biometrics is the science of identifying an individual based on their intrinsic anatomical or behavioural characteristics, such as fingerprints, face, iris, gait, and voice. Iris recognition is one of the most successful methods because it exploits the rich texture of the human iris, which is unique even for twins and does not degrade with age. Modern approaches to iris recognition utilize deep learning to segment the valid portion of the iris from the rest of the eye, so it can then be encoded, stored and compared. This paper aims to improve the accuracy of iris semantic segmentation systems by introducing a novel data augmentation technique. Our method can transform an iris image with a certain dilation level into any desired dilation level, thus augmenting the variability and number of training examples from a small dataset. The proposed method is fast and does not require training. The results indicate that our data augmentation method can improve segmentation accuracy up to 15% for images with high pupil dilation, which creates a more reliable iris recognition pipeline, even under extreme dilation.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables