cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
One-loop matching for quark dipole operators in a gradient-flow scheme
Creators: name: Mereghetti, Emanuele
name: Monahan, Christopher J.
name: Rizik, Matthew D.
name: Shindler, Andrea
name: Stoffer, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quark chromoelectric dipole (qCEDM) operator is a CP-violating operator describing, at hadronic energies, beyond-the-standard-model contributions to the electric dipole moment of particles with nonzero spin. In this paper we define renormalized dipole operators in a regularization-independent scheme using the gradient flow, and we perform the matching at one loop in perturbation theory to renormalized operators of the same and lower dimension in the more familiar MS scheme. We also determine the matching coefficients for the quark chromomagnetic dipole operator (qCMDM), which contributes, for example, to matrix elements relevant to CP-violating and CP-conserving kaon decays. The calculation provides a basis for future lattice QCD computations of hadronic matrix elements of the qCEDM and qCMDM operators.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures Published version: added references, added discussion of nonperturbative effects in section 5.2. all results unchanged
Operationally Accessible Uncertainty Relations for Thermodynamically Consistent Semi-Markov Processes
Creators: name: Ertel, Benjamin
name: van der Meer, Jann
name: Seifert, Udo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semi-Markov processes generalize Markov processes by adding temporal memory effects as expressed by a semi-Markov kernel. We recall the path weight for a semi-Markov trajectory and the fact that thermodynamic consistency in equilibrium imposes a crucial condition called direction-time independence for which we present an alternative derivation. We prove a thermodynamic uncertainty relation that formally resembles the one for a discrete-time Markov process. The result relates the entropy production of the semi-Markov process to mean and variance of steady-state currents. We prove a further thermodynamic uncertainty relation valid for semi-Markov descriptions of coarse-grained Markov processes that emerge by grouping states together. A violation of this inequality can be used as an inference tool to conclude that a given semi-Markov process cannot result from coarse-graining an underlying Markov one. We illustrate these results with representative examples.
Rising speed limits for fluxons via edge quality improvement in wide MoSi thin films
Creators: name: Budinska, B.
name: Aichner, B.
name: Vodolazov, D. Yu.
name: Mikhailov, M. Yu.
name: Porrati, F.
name: Huth, M.
name: Chumak, A. V.
name: Lang, W.
name: Dobrovolskiy, O. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-fast vortex motion has recently become a subject of extensive investigations, triggered by the fundamental question regarding the ultimate speed limits for magnetic flux quanta and enhancements of single-photon detectors. In this regard, the current-biased quench of a dynamic flux-flow regime - flux-flow instability (FFI) - has turned into a widely used method for the extraction of information about the relaxation of quasiparticles (unpaired electrons) in the superconductor. However, the large relaxation times $τ_ε$ deduced from FFI for many superconductors are often inconsistent with the fast relaxation processes implied by their single-photon counting capability. Here, we investigate FFI in $15$ nm-thick $182$ $μ$m-wide MoSi strips with rough and smooth edges produced by laser etching and milling by a focused ion beam. For the strip with smooth edges we deduce, from the current-voltage ($I$-$V$) curve measurements, a factor of 3 larger critical currents $I_\mathrm{c}$, a factor of 20 higher maximal vortex velocities of 20 km/s, and a factor of 40 shorter $τ_ε$. We argue that for the deduction of the intrinsic $τ_ε$ of the material from the $I$-$V$ curves, utmost care should be taken regarding the edge and sample quality and such a deduction is justified only if the field dependence of $I_\mathrm{c}$ points to the dominating edge pinning of vortices.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
The FCC-ee Study: Progress and Challenges
Creators: name: Koratzinos, Michael
name: Aumon, Sandra
name: Bogomyagkov, Anton
name: Boscolo, Manuela
name: Cook, Charlie
name: Doblhammer, Andreas
name: Härer, Bastian
name: Holzer, Bernhard
name: Levichev, Evgeny
name: Medina Medrano, Luis
name: Shatilov, Dmitry
name: Tomás, Rogelio
name: Wienands, Ulrich
name: Zimmermann, Frank
name: Henderson, Stuart
name: Akers, Evelyn
name: Satogata, Todd
name: Schaa, Volker R. W.
Publisher: name: JACoW, Geneva, Switzerland
Year: 2015
Subjects: Accelerator Physics
1: Circular and Linear Colliders

description: The FCC (future circular collider) study represents a vision for the next large project in high energy physics, comprising a 80-100 km tunnel that can house a future 100TeV hadron collider. The study also includes a high luminosity e⁺e⁻ collider operating in the centre-of-mass energy range of 90-350 GeV as a possible intermediate step, the FCC-ee. The FCC-ee aims at definitive electro-weak precision measurements of the Z, W, H and top particles, and search for rare phenomena. Although FCC-ee is based on known technology, the goal performance in luminosity and energy calibration make it quite challenging. During 2014 the study went through an exploration phase and during the next three years a conceptual design report will be prepared.
Negation-Free Definitions of Paraconsistency
Creators: name: Basu, Sankha S.
name: Roy, Sayantan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Paraconsistency is commonly defined and/or characterized as the failure of a principle of explosion. The various standard forms of explosion involve one or more logical operators or connectives, among which the negation operator is the most frequent. In this article, we ask whether a negation operator is essential for describing paraconsistency. In other words, is it possible to describe a notion of paraconsistency that is independent of connectives? We present two such notions of negation-free paraconsistency, one that is completely independent of connectives and another that uses a conjunction-like binary connective that we call 'fusion'. We also derive a notion of 'quasi-negation' from the former, and investigate its properties.
description: In Proceedings NCL 2022, arXiv:2204.06359
The effect of spiral arms on the Sérsic photometry of galaxies
Creators: name: Sonnenfeld, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The Sérsic profile is a widely-used model to describe the surface brightness distribution of galaxies. Spiral galaxies, however, are qualitatively different from a Sérsic model. Aims. The goal of this study is to assess how accurately the total flux and half-light radius of a galaxy with spiral arms can be recovered when fitted with a Sérsic profile. Methods. I selected a sample of bulge-dominated galaxies with spiral arms. Using photometric data from the Hyper Suprime-Cam survey, I estimated the contribution of the spiral arms to their total flux. Then I generated simulated images of galaxies with similar characteristics, fitted them with a Sérsic model, and quantified the error on the determination of the total flux and half-light radius. Results. Spiral arms can introduce biases on the photometry of galaxies in a way that depends on the underlying smooth surface brightness profile, the location of the arms, and the depth of the photometric data. A set of spiral arms accounting for 10% of the flux of a bulge-dominated galaxy typically causes the total flux and the half-light radius to be overestimated by 15% and 30%, respectively. This bias, however, is much smaller if the galaxy is disk-dominated. Conclusions. Galaxies with a prominent bulge and a non-zero contribution from spiral arms are the most susceptible to biases in the total flux and half-light radius, when fitted with a Sérsic profile. If photometric measurements with high accuracy are required, then measurements over finite apertures are to be preferred over global estimates of the flux.
description: Published on Astronomy & Astrophysics. A 2-minute summary video is available at https://youtu.be/y5ffIZP9XHY
Experimental Measurement of Out-of-Time-Ordered Correlators at Finite Temperature
Creators: name: Green, Alaina M.
name: Elben, A.
name: Alderete, C. Huerta
name: Joshi, Lata Kh
name: Nguyen, Nhung H.
name: Zache, Torsten V.
name: Zhu, Yingyue
name: Sundar, Bhuvanesh
name: Linke, Norbert M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Out-of-time-ordered correlators (OTOCs) are a key observable in a wide range of interconnected fields including many-body physics, quantum information science, and quantum gravity. Measuring OTOCs using near-term quantum simulators will extend our ability to explore fundamental aspects of these fields and the subtle connections between them. Here, we demonstrate an experimental method to measure OTOCs at finite temperatures and use the method to study their temperature dependence. These measurements are performed on a digital quantum computer running a simulation of the transverse field Ising model. Our flexible method, based on the creation of a thermofield double state, can be extended to other models and enables us to probe the OTOC's temperature-dependent decay rate. Measuring this decay rate opens up the possibility of testing the fundamental temperature-dependent bounds on quantum information scrambling.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
title: 02_0342
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Monitoring the SNS basement neutron background with the MARS detector
Creators: name: COHERENT Collaboration
name: Akimov, D.
name: An, P.
name: Awe, C.
name: Barbeau, P. S.
name: Becker, B.
name: Belov, V.
name: Bernardi, I.
name: Blackston, M. A.
name: Bock, C.
name: Bolozdynya, A.
name: Browning, J.
name: Cabrera-Palmer, B.
name: Chernyak, D.
name: Conley, E.
name: Daughhetee, J.
name: Detwiler, J.
name: Ding, K.
name: Durand, M. R.
name: Efremenko, Y.
name: Elliott, S. R.
name: Fabris, L.
name: Febbraro, M.
name: Rosso, A. Gallo
name: Galindo-Uribarri, A.
name: Green, M. P.
name: Heath, M. R.
name: Hedges, S.
name: Hoang, D.
name: Hughes, M.
name: Johnson, B. A.
name: Johnson, T.
name: Khromov, A.
name: Konovalov, A.
name: Kozlova, E.
name: Kumpan, A.
name: Li, L.
name: Link, J. M.
name: Liu, J.
name: Mann, K.
name: Markoff, D. M.
name: Mastroberti, J.
name: Mueller, P. E.
name: Newby, J.
name: Parno, D. S.
name: Penttila, S. I.
name: Pershey, D.
name: Rapp, R.
name: Ray, H.
name: Raybern, J.
name: Razuvaeva, O.
name: Reyna, D.
name: Rich, G. C.
name: Ross, J.
name: Rudik, D.
name: Runge, J.
name: Salvat, D. J.
name: Salyapongse, A. M.
name: Scholberg, K.
name: Shakirov, A.
name: Simakov, G.
name: Sinev, G.
name: Snow, W. M.
name: Sosnovstsev, V.
name: Suh, B.
name: Tayloe, R.
name: Tellez-Giron-Flores, K.
name: Tolstukhin, I.
name: Ujah, E.
name: Vanderwerp, J.
name: Varner, R. L.
name: Virtue, C. J.
name: Visser, G.
name: Wongjirad, T.
name: Yen, Y. -R.
name: Yoo, J.
name: Yu, C. -H.
name: Zettlemoyer, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis and results of the first dataset collected with the MARS neutron detector deployed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) for the purpose of monitoring and characterizing the beam-related neutron (BRN) background for the COHERENT collaboration. MARS was positioned next to the COH-CsI coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering detector in the SNS basement corridor. This is the basement location of closest proximity to the SNS target and thus, of highest neutrino flux, but it is also well shielded from the BRN flux by infill concrete and gravel. These data show the detector registered roughly one BRN per day. Using MARS' measured detection efficiency, the incoming BRN flux is estimated to be $1.20~\pm~0.56~\text{neutrons}/\text{m}^2/\text{MWh}$ for neutron energies above $\sim3.5$ MeV and up to a few tens of MeV. We compare our results with previous BRN measurements in the SNS basement corridor reported by other neutron detectors.
Identifying influential subpopulations in metapopulation epidemic models using message-passing theory
Creators: name: Choi, Jeehye
name: Min, Byungjoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Identifying influential subpopulations in metapopulation epidemic models has far-reaching potential implications for surveillance and intervention policies of a global pandemic. However, there is a lack of methods to determine influential nodes in metapopulation models based on a rigorous mathematical background. In this study, we derive the message-passing theory for metapopulation modeling and propose a method to determine influential spreaders. Based on our analysis, we identify the most dangerous city as a potential seed of a pandemic when applied to real-world data. Moreover, we particularly assess the relative importance of various sources of heterogeneity at the subpopulation level, e.g., the number of connections and mobility patterns, to determine properties of spreading processes. We validate our theory with extensive numerical simulations on empirical and synthetic networks considering various mobility and transmission probabilities. We confirm that our theory can accurately predict influential subpopulations in metapopulation models.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Do you trust experts on Twitter?: Successful correction of COVID-19-related misinformation
Creators: name: Lim, Dongwoo
name: Toriumi, Fujio
name: Yoshida, Mitsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study focuses on how scientifically-correct information is disseminated through social media, and how misinformation can be corrected. We have identified examples on Twitter where scientific terms that have been misused have been rectified and replaced by scientifically-correct terms through the interaction of users. The results show that the percentage of correct terms ("variant" or "COVID-19 variant") being used instead of the incorrect terms ("strain") on Twitter has already increased since the end of December 2020. This was about a month before the release of an official statement by the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases regarding the correct terminology, and the use of terms on social media was faster than it was in television. Some Twitter users who quickly started using the correct term were more likely to retweet messages sent by leading influencers on Twitter, rather than messages sent by traditional media or portal sites. However, a few Twitter users continued to use wrong terms even after March 2021, even though the use of the correct terms was widespread. Further analysis of their tweets revealed that they were quoting sources that differed from that of other users. This study empirically verified that self-correction occurs even on Twitter, which is often known as a "hotbed for spreading rumors." The results of this study also suggest that influencers with expertise can influence the direction of public opinion on social media and that the media that users usually cite can also affect the possibility of behavioral changes.
description: The 20th IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (WI-IAT '21)
Analysis of Leading Communities Contributing to arXiv Information Distribution on Twitter
Creators: name: Shimada, Kyosuke
name: Kazama, Kazuhiro
name: Yoshida, Mitsuo
name: Ohmukai, Ikki
name: Sato, Sho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To analyze the impact that arXiv is having on the world, in this paper we propose an arXiv information distribution model on Twitter, which has a three-layer structure: arXiv papers, information spreaders, and information collectors. First, we use the HITS algorithm to analyze the arXiv information diffusion network with users as nodes, which is created from three types of behavior on Twitter regarding arXiv papers: tweeting, retweeting, and liking. Next, we extract communities from the network of information spreaders with positive authority and hub degrees using the Louvain method, and analyze the relationship and roles of information spreaders in communities using research field, linguistic, and temporal characteristics. From our analysis using the tweet and arXiv datasets, we found that information about arXiv papers circulates on Twitter from information spreaders to information collectors, and that multiple communities of information spreaders are formed according to their research fields. It was also found that different communities were formed in the same research field, depending on the research or cultural background of the information spreaders. We were able to identify two types of key persons: information spreaders who lead the relevant field in the international community and information spreaders who bridge the regional and international communities using English and their native language. In addition, we found that it takes some time to gain trust as an information spreader.
description: The 20th IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (WI-IAT '21)
Social media use, psychological well-being and physical health during lockdown
Creators: name: Yue, Zhiying
name: Lee, David S.
name: Xiao, Jun
name: Zhang, Renwen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: In efforts to curb the spread of COVID-19, many countries have implemented a variety of lockdown and quarantine measures. With substantially reduced face-to-face interactions, many people may have relied heavily on social media for connection, information, and entertainment. However, little is known about the psychological and physical health implications of social media use during strict lockdown. The current study investigates the associations of social media use with psychological well-being and physical health among Wuhan residents (N = 1214). Our findings showed that non-COVID related self-disclosure was positively associated with psychological well-being, while COVID related information consumption and sharing were negatively associated with psychological well-being. Further, more generic use of social media was associated with lower psychological well-being, which in turn related to more somatic symptoms. Quarantined people used social media more frequently than non-quarantined people. Importantly, the negative association between social media use and psychological well-being was significantly stronger for quarantined people than unquarantined people.
Optimising Inflationary Features the Bayesian Way
Creators: name: Hamann, Jan
name: Wons, Julius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern cosmological data demand modern data analysis techniques. We introduce BayOp, a new likelihood sampling and maximisation method which is based on the Bayesian Optimisation algorithm and learns a function instead of randomly sampling from it. We apply BayOp to analyse Planck data for traces of inflationary features models with global periodic modulations of the primordial power spectrum. While we do not find any new evidence for features, we demonstrate that BayOp provides an extremely efficient way of sampling likelihoods over low-to-moderate-dimensional parameter spaces, even for very complex likelihood landscapes.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures, added references and clarifications - matches published version
Quantum effective action for the bosonic Josephson junction
Creators: name: Furutani, Koichiro
name: Tempere, Jacques
name: Salasnich, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a bosonic Josephson junction by using the path-integral formalism with relative phase and population imbalance as dynamical variables. We derive an effective only-phase action performing functional integration over the population imbalance. We then analyze the quantum effective only-phase action, which formally contains all the quantum corrections. To the second order in the derivative expansion and to the lowest order in $\hbar$, we obtain the quantum correction to the Josephson frequency of oscillation. Finally, the same quantum correction is found by adopting an alternative approach. Our predictions are a useful theoretical tool for experiments with atomic or superconducting Josephson junctions.
description: 7 pages; published version
Salient Object Detection by LTP Texture Characterization on Opposing Color Pairs under SLICO Superpixel Constraint
Creators: name: Ndayikengurukiye, Didier
name: Mignotte, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The effortless detection of salient objects by humans has been the subject of research in several fields, including computer vision as it has many applications. However, salient object detection remains a challenge for many computer models dealing with color and textured images. Herein, we propose a novel and efficient strategy, through a simple model, almost without internal parameters, which generates a robust saliency map for a natural image. This strategy consists of integrating color information into local textural patterns to characterize a color micro-texture. Most models in the literature that use the color and texture features treat them separately. In our case, it is the simple, yet powerful LTP (Local Ternary Patterns) texture descriptor applied to opposing color pairs of a color space that allows us to achieve this end. Each color micro-texture is represented by vector whose components are from a superpixel obtained by SLICO (Simple Linear Iterative Clustering with zero parameter) algorithm which is simple, fast and exhibits state-of-the-art boundary adherence. The degree of dissimilarity between each pair of color micro-texture is computed by the FastMap method, a fast version of MDS (Multi-dimensional Scaling), that considers the color micro-textures non-linearity while preserving their distances. These degrees of dissimilarity give us an intermediate saliency map for each RGB, HSL, LUV and CMY color spaces. The final saliency map is their combination to take advantage of the strength of each of them. The MAE (Mean Absolute Error) and F$_β$ measures of our saliency maps, on the complex ECSSD dataset show that our model is both simple and efficient, outperforming several state-of-the-art models.
Automatic Muscle Artifacts Identification and Removal from Single-Channel EEG Using Wavelet Transform with Meta-heuristically Optimized Non-local Means Filter
Creators: name: Phadikar, Souvik
name: Sinha, Nidul
name: Ghosh, Rajdeep
name: Ghaderpour, Ebrahim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals may get easily contaminated by muscle artifacts, which may lead to wrong interpretation in the brain--computer interface (BCI) system as well as in various medical diagnoses. The main objective of this paper is to remove muscle artifacts without distorting the information contained in the EEG. A novel multi-stage EEG denoising method is proposed for the first time in which wavelet packet decomposition (WPD) is combined with a modified non-local means (NLM) algorithm. At first, the artifact EEG signal is identified through a pre-trained classifier. Next, the identified EEG signal is decomposed into wavelet coefficients and corrected through a modified NLM filter. Finally, the artifact-free EEG is reconstructed from corrected wavelet coefficients through inverse WPD. To optimize the filter parameters, two meta-heuristic algorithms are used in this paper for the first time. The proposed system is first validated on simulated EEG data and then tested on real EEG data. The proposed approach achieved average mutual information (MI) as 2.9684 $\pm$ 0.7045 on real EEG data. The result reveals that the proposed system outperforms recently developed denoising techniques with higher average MI, which indicates that the proposed approach is better in terms of quality of reconstruction and is fully automatic.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, 9 tables
Mission Design of DESTINY+: Toward Active Asteroid (3200) Phaethon and Multiple Small Bodies
Creators: name: Ozaki, Naoya
name: Yamamoto, Takayuki
name: Gonzalez-Franquesa, Ferran
name: Gutierrez-Ramon, Roger
name: Pushparaj, Nishanth
name: Chikazawa, Takuya
name: Tos, Diogene Alessandro Dei
name: Çelik, Onur
name: Marmo, Nicola
name: Kawakatsu, Yasuhiro
name: Arai, Tomoko
name: Nishiyama, Kazutaka
name: Takashima, Takeshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: DESTINY+ is an upcoming JAXA Epsilon medium-class mission to fly by the Geminids meteor shower parent body (3200) Phaethon. It will be the world's first spacecraft to escape from a near-geostationary transfer orbit into deep space using a low-thrust propulsion system. In doing so, DESTINY+ will demonstrate a number of technologies that include a highly efficient ion engine system, lightweight solar array panels, and advanced asteroid flyby observation instruments. These demonstrations will pave the way for JAXA's envisioned low-cost, high-frequency space exploration plans. Following the Phaethon flyby observation, DESTINY+ will visit additional asteroids as its extended mission. The mission design is divided into three phases: a spiral-shaped apogee-raising phase, a multi-lunar-flyby phase to escape Earth, and an interplanetary and asteroids flyby phase. The main challenges include the optimization of the many-revolution low-thrust spiral phase under operational constraints; the design of a multi-lunar-flyby sequence in a multi-body environment; and the design of multiple asteroid flybys connected via Earth gravity assists. This paper shows a novel, practical approach to tackle these complex problems, and presents feasible solutions found within the mass budget and mission constraints. Among them, the baseline solution is shown and discussed in depth; DESTINY+ will spend two years raising its apogee with ion engines, followed by four lunar gravity assists, and a flyby of asteroids (3200) Phaethon and (155140) 2005 UD. Finally, the flight operations plan for the spiral phase and the asteroid flyby phase are presented in detail.
Modular Flavour Symmetries and Modulus Stabilisation
Creators: name: Novichkov, P. P.
name: Penedo, J. T.
name: Petcov, S. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the problem of modulus stabilisation in the framework of the modular symmetry approach to the flavour problem. By analysing simple UV-motivated CP-invariant potentials for the modulus $τ$ we find that a class of these potentials has (non-fine-tuned) CP-breaking minima in the vicinity of the point of $\mathbb{Z}_3^{ST}$ residual symmetry, $τ\simeq e^{2πi/3}$. Stabilising the modulus at these novel minima breaks spontaneously the CP symmetry and can naturally explain the mass hierarchies of charged leptons and possibly of quarks.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; comments and references added; matches version published in JHEP
Control of phase ordering and elastic properties in phase field crystals through three-point direct correlation
Creators: name: Wang, Zi-Le
name: Liu, Zhirong
name: Duan, Wenhui
name: Huang, Zhi-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effects of three-point direct correlation on properties of the phase field crystal (PFC) modeling are examined, for the control of various ordered and disordered phases and their coexistence in both three-dimensional and two-dimensional systems. Such effects are manifested via the corresponding gradient nonlinearity in the PFC free energy functional that is derived from classical density functional theory. Their significant impacts on the stability regimes of ordered phases, phase diagrams, and elastic properties of the system, as compared to those of the original PFC model, are revealed through systematic analyses and simulations. The nontrivial contribution from three-point direct correlation leads to the variation of the critical point of order-disorder transition to which all the phase boundaries in the temperature-density phase diagram converge. It also enables the variation and control of system elastic constants over a substantial range as needed in modeling different types of materials with the same crystalline structure but different elastic properties. The capability of this PFC approach in modeling both solid and soft matter systems is further demonstrated through the effect of three-point correlation on controlling the vapor-liquid-solid coexistence and transitions for body-centered cubic (bcc) phase and on achieving the liquid-stripe or liquid-lamellar phase coexistence. All these provide a valuable and efficient method for the study of structural ordering and evolution in various types of material systems.
title: Kulturinformatik: Schriften 1997-2007
title: Computers and Culture
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Warnke, Martin
Publisher: name: Medien- und Informationszentrum, Leuphana Universität Lüneburg
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computer Science
subject: Digital Media
subject: Informatik
subject: Neue Medien
classificationCode: 004
subject: 004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik

description: Die in dieser Sammlung zusammengetragenen Texte reicht der Autor als kumulative Habilitationsleistung bei der Fakultät »Umwelt und Technik« der Leuphana Universität Lüneburg zum Zwecke des Erwerbs der Lehrbefugnis für die Fachrichtung »Informatik/Digitale Medien« ein. Die Texte sind alle in den letzten zehn Jahren veröffentlicht worden, meist im Druck, einige online. Als Einzelveröffentlichungen behandeln sie jeweils separate Themen, deshalb werden ihr Ursprung, der Gesamtzusammenhang und die daraus entwickelbaren Perspektiven für Forschung und Lehre an der Leuphana Universität Lüneburg im Folgenden umrissen.
Question rewriting? Assessing its importance for conversational question answering
Creators: name: Raposo, Gonçalo
name: Ribeiro, Rui
name: Martins, Bruno
name: Coheur, Luísa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In conversational question answering, systems must correctly interpret the interconnected interactions and generate knowledgeable answers, which may require the retrieval of relevant information from a background repository. Recent approaches to this problem leverage neural language models, although different alternatives can be considered in terms of modules for (a) representing user questions in context, (b) retrieving the relevant background information, and (c) generating the answer. This work presents a conversational question answering system designed specifically for the Search-Oriented Conversational AI (SCAI) shared task, and reports on a detailed analysis of its question rewriting module. In particular, we considered different variations of the question rewriting module to evaluate the influence on the subsequent components, and performed a careful analysis of the results obtained with the best system configuration. Our system achieved the best performance in the shared task and our analysis emphasizes the importance of the conversation context representation for the overall system performance.
description: Submitted manuscript (not anonymized) accepted to the 44th European Conference on Information Retrieval (ECIR) 2022. This preprint has not undergone peer review (when applicable) or any post-submission improvements or corrections. The Version of Record of this contribution is published in Advances in Information Retrieval, and is available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99739-7_23
Josephson junction-based axion detection through resonant activation
Creators: name: Grimaudo, Roberto
name: Valenti, Davide
name: Spagnolo, Bernardo
name: Filatrella, Giovanni
name: Guarcello, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the resonant activation phenomenon on a Josephson junction due to the coupling of the Josephson system with axions. We show how such an effect can be exploited for axion detection. A nonmonotonic behavior, with a minimum, of the mean switching time from the superconducting to the resistive state versus the ratio of the axion energy and the Josephson plasma energy is found. We demonstrate how variations in switching times make it possible to detect the presence of the axion field. An experimental protocol for observing axions through their coupling with a Josephson system is proposed.
Gutzwiller wave function on a quantum computer using a discrete Hubbard-Stratonovich transformation
Creators: name: Seki, Kazuhiro
name: Otsuka, Yuichi
name: Yunoki, Seiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a quantum-classical hybrid scheme for implementing the nonunitary Gutzwiller factor using a discrete Hubbard-Stratonovich transformation, which allows us to express the Gutzwiller factor as a linear combination of unitary operators involving only single-qubit rotations, at the cost of the sum over the auxiliary fields. To perform the sum over the auxiliary fields, we introduce two approaches that have complementary features. The first approach employs a linear-combination-of-unitaries circuit, which enables one to probabilistically prepare the Gutzwiller wave function on a quantum computer, while the second approach uses importance sampling to estimate observables stochastically, similar to a quantum Monte Carlo method in classical computation. The proposed scheme is demonstrated with numerical simulations for the half-filled Fermi-Hubbard model. Furthermore, we perform quantum simulations using a real quantum device, demonstrating that the proposed scheme can reproduce the exact ground-state energy of the two-site Fermi-Hubbard model within error bars.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures
Entropic force and real-time dynamics of holographic quarkonium in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Jena, Siddhi Swarupa
name: Shukla, Bhaskar
name: Dudal, David
name: Mahapatra, Subhash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue the study of a recently constructed holographic QCD model supplemented with magnetic field. We consider the holographic dual of a quark, anti-quark pair and investigate its entropy beyond the deconfinement phase transition in terms of interquark distance, temperature and magnetic field. We obtain a clear magnetic field dependence in the strongly decreasing entropy near deconfinement and in the entropy variation for growing interquark separation. We uncover various supporting evidences for inverse magnetic catalysis. The emergent entropic force is found to become stronger with magnetic field, promoting the quarkonium dissociation. We also probe the dynamical dissociation of the quarkonium state, finding a faster dissociation with magnetic field. At least the static predictions should become amenable to a qualitative comparison with future lattice data.
description: 32 pages, 25 figures, references added, minor typos corrected, published version
Interpretable pipelines with evolutionarily optimized modules for RL tasks with visual inputs
Creators: name: Custode, Leonardo Lucio
name: Iacca, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.5.4; I.2.10

description: The importance of explainability in AI has become a pressing concern, for which several explainable AI (XAI) approaches have been recently proposed. However, most of the available XAI techniques are post-hoc methods, which however may be only partially reliable, as they do not reflect exactly the state of the original models. Thus, a more direct way for achieving XAI is through interpretable (also called glass-box) models. These models have been shown to obtain comparable (and, in some cases, better) performance with respect to black-boxes models in various tasks such as classification and reinforcement learning. However, they struggle when working with raw data, especially when the input dimensionality increases and the raw inputs alone do not give valuable insights on the decision-making process. Here, we propose to use end-to-end pipelines composed of multiple interpretable models co-optimized by means of evolutionary algorithms, that allows us to decompose the decision-making process into two parts: computing high-level features from raw data, and reasoning on the extracted high-level features. We test our approach in reinforcement learning environments from the Atari benchmark, where we obtain comparable results (with respect to black-box approaches) in settings without stochastic frame-skipping, while performance degrades in frame-skipping settings.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, submitted to GECCO 2022
Nonreciprocal transport in a bilayer of MnBi2Te4 and Pt
Creators: name: Ye, Chen
name: Xie, Xiangnan
name: Lv3, Wenxing
name: Huang, Ke
name: Yang, Allen Jian
name: Jiang, Sicong
name: Liu, Xue
name: Zhu, Dapeng
name: Qiu, Xuepeng
name: Tong, Mingyu
name: Zhou, Tong
name: Hsu, Chuang-Han
name: Chang, Guoqing
name: Lin, Hsin
name: Li, Peisen
name: Yang, Kesong
name: Wang, Zhenyu
name: Jiang, Tian
name: Wang, Xiao Renshaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MnBi2Te4 (MBT) is the first intrinsic magnetic topological insulator with the interaction of spin-momentum locked surface electrons and intrinsic magnetism, and it exhibits novel magnetic and topological phenomena. Recent studies suggested that the interaction of electrons and magnetism can be affected by the Mn-doped Bi2Te3 phase at the surface due to inevitable structural defects. Here we report an observation of nonreciprocal transport, i.e. current-direction-dependent resistance, in a bilayer composed of antiferromagnetic MBT and nonmagnetic Pt. The emergence of the nonreciprocal response below the Néel temperature confirms a correlation between nonreciprocity and intrinsic magnetism in the surface state of MBT. The angular dependence of the nonreciprocal transport indicates that nonreciprocal response originates from the asymmetry scattering of electrons at the surface of MBT mediated by magnon. Our work provides an insight into nonreciprocity arising from the correlation between magnetism and Dirac surface electrons in intrinsic magnetic topological insulators.
Ali, M., Ma, M., & Wong, G.K.-W. (2024). K–12 Pre-service Teachers' Perspectives on AI Models and Computational Thinking: The Insights from an Interpretive Research Inquiry [Paper presentation], Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computational Thinking and STEM Education (CTE-STEM) 2024, Beijing, China.
Creators: name: N/A
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460299
subject: Artificial intelligence not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 390405
subject: Educational technology and computing
classificationCode: 460804
subject: Computing education
classificationCode: 390307
subject: Teacher education and professional development of educators

description: APA Citation: Ali, M., Ma, M., & Wong, G.K.-W. (2024). K–12 Pre-service Teachers' Perspectives on AI Models and Computational Thinking: The Insights from an Interpretive Research Inquiry [Paper presentation], Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computational Thinking and STEM Education (CTE-STEM) 2024, Beijing, China.
A concise and straightforward approach to total synthesis of (+)-Strictifolione and formal synthesis of Cryptofolione via a unified strategy
Creators: name: Li, Xiaotong
name: Wang, Gaopeng
name: Zhang, Zhibin
name: Wu, Na
name: Yang, Qianqian
name: Huang, Shuangping
name: Wang, Xiaoji
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: We describe a concise and straightforward approach to the total syntheses of (+)-Strictifolione and Cryptofolione in the longest linear sequences of four steps and six steps from 3-phenyl propanal and trans-cinnamaldehyde, respectively. The route utilized a titanium tetraisopropoxide/(R)-[1,1'-binaphthalene]-2,2'-diol catalyzed Mukaiyama aldol reaction, indium(0)-promoted Barbier reaction, and olefin cross-metathesis as the key reactions.
On spherically symmetric vacuum solutions and horizons in covariant $f(T)$ gravity theory
Creators: name: DeBenedictis, Andrew
name: Ilijić, Saša
name: Sossich, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study properties that the vacuum must possess in the minimal extension to the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity (TEGR) where the action is supplemented with a quadratic torsion term. No assumption is made about the weakness of the quadratic term although in the weak-field regime the validity of our previously derived perturbative solution is confirmed. Regarding the exact nature of the vacuum, it is found that if the center of symmetry is to be regular, the mathematical conditions on the tetrad at the isotropy point mimic those of general relativity. With respect to horizons it is found that, under very mild assumptions, a smooth horizon cannot exist unless the quadratic torsion coupling, $α$, vanishes, which is the TEGR limit (with the Schwarzschild tetrad as its solution). This analysis is then supplemented with computational work utilizing asymptotically Schwarzschild boundary data. It is verified that in no case studied does a smooth horizon form. For $α> 0$ naked singularities occur which break down the equations of motion before a horizon can form. For $α< 0$ there is a limited range of $α$ where a vacuum horizon might exist but, if present, the horizon is singular. Therefore physically acceptable black hole horizons are problematic in the studied theory at least within the realm of vacuum static spherical symmetry. These results also imply that static spherical matter distributions generally must have extra restrictions on their spatial extent and stress-energy bounds so as to render the vacuum solution invalid in the singular region and make the solutions finite.
description: 17 pages. Version 2 has an extra reference and has some clarifying remarks regarding the choice of spin connection, and Lorentz covariance explicitly illustrating parity and time-reversal invariance. Matches the version accepted for publication in Physical Review D