cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Qualitative Research Ethics: An Heuristic Inquiry Exploring the Meaning and Application of Ethics in Qualitative Research
Creators: name: Snyder, Lynda-Joy
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2012
Subjects: Qualitative research ethics
Ethically important moments
Heuristic research
Ethical balance

description: Bibliography: p. 272-287
description: Includes copy of ethics approval. Original copy with original Partial Copyright Licence.
description: In this study, 10 Canadian qualitative researchers discuss how they identify, understand, and manage ethical concerns that arise in ethically important moments that occur over the course of the qualitative research process. Accounts of ethically important moments involving personal struggles, relational challenges and methodological complications are presented in this heuristic inquiry. The dynamic nature of qualitative research ethics is portrayed using a metaphorical balancing scale. On one side are ethical factors that relate to social or human aspects of qualitative research. On the other side are ethical factors that relate to qualitative research as science and focus on methodological aspects of qualitative research. The emphasis placed on each of these factors varies depending on the nature of the study, the researcher, the participants, the contextual factors influencing the research and the ethical concerns being addressed. Ethical decision-making is full of complexities and goes beyond ensuring no harm is done to conducting research for the purpose of the betterment of people. Qualitative research ethics is also about relational accountability, honoring others’ experience and the pursuit of social justice. Qualitative research ethics cannot be separated from the people involved. It is a philosophy and a way of being as a researcher.
Development of 2MASS Catalog Server Kit
Creators: name: Yamauchi, Chisato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a software kit called "2MASS Catalog Server Kit" to easily construct a high-performance database server for the 2MASS Point Source Catalog (includes 470,992,970 objects) and several all-sky catalogs. Users can perform fast radial search and rectangular search using provided stored functions in SQL similar to SDSS SkyServer. Our software kit utilizes open-source RDBMS, and therefore any astronomers and developers can install our kit on their personal computers for research, observation, etc. Out kit is tuned for optimal coordinate search performance. We implement an effective radial search using an orthogonal coordinate system, which does not need any techniques that depend on HTM or HEALpix. Applying the xyz coordinate system to the database index, we can easily implement a system of fast radial search for relatively small (less than several million rows) catalogs. To enable high-speed search of huge catalogs on RDBMS, we apply three additional techniques: table partitioning, composite expression index, and optimization in stored functions. As a result, we obtain satisfactory performance of radial search for the 2MASS catalog. Our system can also perform fast rectangular search. It is implemented using techniques similar to those applied for radial search. Our way of implementation enables a compact system and will give important hints for a low-cost development of other huge catalog databases.
description: 2011 PASP accepted
MPEC 2023-W142 : 2023 WL3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 WL3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Mathematics for Machine Learning Specialization: Formula Sheet
Creators: name: Ebeid, Fady Morris Milad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: mathematics
machine learning
PCA
multivariate calculus
linear algebra
cheat sheet

description: This is a formula sheet for "Coursera Mathematics for Machine Learning Specialization", a sequence of 3 courses on the prerequisite mathematics for applications in data science and machine learning. The specialization deals with representing data in a linear algebra context and manipulation of these objects mathematically. Summarizing the properties of data sets and mapping them onto lower-dimensional spaces with principal component analysis. Finally, solving optimization problems and using this skill to train models for describing data such as simple neural networks.
Satisfiability and feasibility in a relationship-based workflow authorization model
Creators: name: Khan, Arif Akram
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2012

description: Bibliography: p. 72-76
description: A workflow authorization model is defined in the framework of Relationship-Based Access Control (ReBAC), in which the protection state is a social network. Armed with this model, a new decision problem called workflow feasibility is studied. The goal is to ensure that the space of protection states contains at least one member in which the workflow specification can be executed to completion. A sufficient condition is identified under which feasibil­ity can be decided by a refutation procedure that is both sound and complete. A formal specification language, based on a monotonic fragment of the Propositional Dynamic Logic (PDL), is proposed for specifying protection state spaces. The adoption of this language renders workflow feasibility NP-complete in the general case but polynomial-time decidable for an important family of workflows. A model checker for this POL-based language is im­plemented. Hybridization of this PDL-fragment is examined. Satisfiability and feasibility of workflows with XOR-patterns are analyzed as well.
The Rank and Hanna Neumann Property of Some Submonoids of a Free Monoid
Creators: name: Singh, Shubh Narayan
name: Krishna, K. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68Q70, 68Q45, 20M35

description: This work aims at further investigations on the work of Giambruno and Restivo to find the rank of the intersection of two finitely generated submonoids of a free monoid. In this connection, we obtain the rank of a finitely generated submonoid of a free monoid that is accepted by semi-flower automaton with two bpi's. Further, when the product automaton of two deterministic semi-flower automata with a unique bpi is semi-flower with two bpi's, we obtain a sufficient condition on the product automaton in order to satisfy the Hanna Neumann property.
description: Contributed talk titled "On the rank of the intersection of two submonoids of a free monoid" at A$^3$: Abstract Algebra and Algorithms Conference, Eger, Hungary, August 14-17, 2011
Bioactive polymers : a comparative study on the antithrombotic properties of soluble polymers and surface grafted polymers
Creators: name: Lai, Benjamin Fook Lun
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Use of synthetic materials in medical applications is one of the most common practices in modern medicine. Yet occurrence of surface-induced thrombus formation on these materials, especially those associated with cardiovascular applications, generates a need for surface modifications. Limiting thrombus formation on a biomaterial surface represents the ultimate success for blood contacting devices. One interesting approach is to enhance fibrinolysis before the blood clot becomes stabilized. Herein, two synthetic polymers, poly-N- [(2, 2-dimethyl-1, 2-dioxolane) methyl] acrylamide (PDMDOMA) and poly- (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAm), were tested for this particular antithrombotic property. Surface-grafted PNIPAm samples, brush-PNIPAm and star-PNIPAm, were also tested for the biological activity. We evaluated the influence of these synthetic polymers on blood hemostasis by studying the fibrin polymerization process, the three-dimensional clot structure, and the mechanical properties of blood clot such as its clot strength, clot elasticity and clot fibrinolysis. Both linear PDMDOMA and PNIPAm altered the normal fibrin polymerization by changing the rate of protofibril aggregation and resulting in a 5-fold increase in the overall turbidity. Fibrin clots formed in presence of these synthetic polymers exhibited thinner fibers with less branching and resulted in a more porous and heterogeneous clot structure in scanning electron micrographs. The structural changes in these clots led to significant difference to their mechanical properties. Lower clot strength and clot elasticity were recorded from the thromboelastography study. More interestingly, enhanced clot lysis was measured by thromboelastography when whole blood was clotted in presence of PDMDOMA or PNIPAm. Further evidence of the altered clot structure and clot cross-linking was obtained from the significant decrease in D-dimer levels measured from degraded plasma clot. Similar results were obtained when star-form of PNIPAm was used but not for brush-form PNIPAm. The antithrombotic activity of soluble PDMDOMA and PNIPAm could potentially lead to the development of novel antithrombotic agents that could enhance endogenous fibrinolytic activity by modulating the fibrin clot structure. In the exploratory analysis of surface grafted PNIPAm (brush-PINPAm), brush-PNIPAm showed that the biological activity of attached chains is quite different from soluble polymers and several parameters need to be optimized to generate an antithrombotic coating for biomaterials.
Spin Seebeck effect in the classical easy-axis antiferromagnetic chain
Creators: name: Zotos, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By molecular dymanics simulations we study the spin Seebeck effect as a function of magnetic field in the prototype classical easy-axis antiferromagnetic chain, in the far-out of equilibrium as well as linear response regime. We find distinct behavior in the low field antiferromagnetic, middle field canted and high field ferromagnetic phase. In particular, in the open boundary system at low temperatures, we observe a divergence of the spin current in the spin-flop transition between the antiferromagnetic and canted phase, accompanied by a change of sign in the generated spin current by the temperture gradient. These results are corroborated by a simple spin-wave phenomenological analysis and simulations in the linear response regime. They shed light on the spin current sign change observed in experiments in bulk antiferromagnetic materials.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
On manifolds with nonhomogeneous factors
Creators: name: Cárdenas, M.
name: Lasheras, F. F.
name: Quintero, A.
name: Repovš, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57N15, 57N75, 57P99, 53C70

description: We present simple examples of finite-dimensional connected homogeneous spaces (they are actually topological manifolds) with nonhomogeneous and nonrigid factors. In particular, we give an elementary solution of an old problem in general topology concerning homogeneous spaces.
Correlation-driven non-trivial phases in single bi-layer Kagome intermetallics
Creators: name: Mallik, Aabhaas Vineet
name: Agarwala, Adhip
name: Saha-Dasgupta, Tanusri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bi-layer Kagome compounds provide an exciting playground where the interplay of topology and strong correlations can give rise to exotic phases of matter. Motivated by recent first principles calculation on such systems (Phys. Rev. Lett 125, 026401), reporting stabilization of a Chern metal with topological nearly-flat band close to Fermi level, we build minimal models to study the effect of strong electron-electron interactions on such a Chern metal. Using approriate numerical and analytical techniques, we show that the topologically non-trivial bands present in this system at the Fermi energy can realize fractional Chern insulator states. We further show that if the time-reversal symmetry is restored due to destruction of magnetism by low dimensionality and fluctuation, the system can realize a superconducting phase in the presence of strong local repulsive interactions. Furthermore, we identify an interesting phase transition from the superconducting phase to a correlated metal by tuning nearest-neighbor repulsion. Our study uncovers a rich set of non-trivial phases realizable in this system, and contextualizes the physically meaningful regimes where such phases can be further explored.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures
Factors that influence dentists' decisions to treat patients in long-term care
Creators: name: Chowdhry, Nita
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this study was to evaluate what factors influence dentists in their decision to provide services in long-term care facilities within British Columbia. The secondary purpose was to determine if dentists practicing in rural areas of British Columbia are more willing to provide services in LTC compared to dentists in urban areas. Also, to assess if there were any changes in opinions of dentists (practicing in Metro-Vancouver) in providing services to patients in long-term care compared to a similar study from 1985. A questionnaire was developed to determine views and opinions of general dentists practicing in British Columbia with respect to the provision of services in long-term care. Eight hundred dentists from urban and rural areas of British Columbia were randomly selected to participate in this study. The British Columbia Dental Association mailed a package containing 3 questionnaires. The participants were to fill out one of the questionnaires based on whether they treated, never treated or stopped treating patients in long-term care. These questionnaires were faxed back to the British Columbia Dental Association. A reminder was sent out to the dentists 3 weeks after the initial mail-out. About thirty percent of those dentists surveyed responded with completed questionnaires for analysis. Dentists who treated patients in long-term care reported that it was a part of their professional responsibility to provide services. The lack of a dental operatory and lack of experience/training in geriatric dentistry were primary concerns of dentists who never provided services. Compared to 1985, dentists in 2008 showed increased awareness for a need for dental services by patients in long-term care facilities. Dentists in rural areas were more likely to be providing services to patients in long-term care facilities, compared to dentists in urban areas. Dentists who never provided services in long-term care facilities expressed interest in providing dental services.
Giant lattice softening at a Lifshitz transition in Sr$_{2}$RuO$_{4}$
Creators: name: Noad, Hilary M. L.
name: Ishida, Kousuke
name: Li, You-Sheng
name: Gati, Elena
name: Stangier, Veronika C.
name: Kikugawa, Naoki
name: Sokolov, Dmitry A.
name: Nicklas, Michael
name: Kim, Bongjae
name: Mazin, Igor I.
name: Garst, Markus
name: Schmalian, Jörg
name: Mackenzie, Andrew P.
name: Hicks, Clifford W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay of electronic and structural degrees of freedom in solids is a topic of intense research. Experience and intuition suggest that structural changes drive conduction electron behavior, because the large number of valence electrons dominate the structural properties. As part of a seminal paper written over sixty years ago, Lifshitz discussed an alternative possibility: lattice softening driven by conduction electrons at topological Fermi surface transitions. The effect he predicted, however, was small, and has not been convincingly observed. Using measurements of the stress-strain relationship in the ultra-clean metal Sr$_{2}$RuO$_{4}$, we reveal a huge softening of the Young's modulus at a Lifshitz transition of a two-dimensional Fermi surface, and show that it is indeed entirely driven by the conduction electrons of the relevant energy band.
description: 42 pages, 16 figures (including supplementary information)
Multi-StyleGAN weights
Creators: name: Reich, Christoph
name: Prangemeier, Tim
name: Koeppl, Heinz
name: Wildner, Christian
name: TU Darmstadt
Publisher: name: Technical University of Darmstadt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 201-07 Bioinformatik und Theoretische Biologie
subject: 201-07 Bioinformatics and Theoretical Biology
subject: 570

description: Weights of Multi-StyleGAN in the PyTorch (.pt) format. Related code available at: https://git.rwth-aachen.de/bcs/projects/tp/multi-stylegan.
Supplementary document for Two-points coupling method to independently control coupling efficiency at arbitrary wavelengths - 5546657.pdf
Creators: name: Kim, Dohyeong
name: Han, Sangyoon
name: Kim, Dae-Gon
name: Ko, Kiyoung
name: Choi, Duk-Yong
name: Lee, Hansuek
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This is the supplemental document for the paper titled 'Two-points coupling method to independently control coupling efficiency at different wavelengths'
Compression induced folding of a sheet: an integrable system
Creators: name: Diamant, Haim
name: Witten, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The apparently intractable shape of a fold in a compressed elastic film lying on a fluid substrate is found to have an exact solution. Such systems buckle at a nonzero wavevector set by the bending stiffness of the film and the weight of the substrate fluid. Our solution describes the entire progression from a weakly displaced sinusoidal buckling to a single large fold that contacts itself. The pressure decrease is exactly quadratic in the lateral displacement. We identify a complex wavevector whose magnitude remains invariant with compression.
description: 4 pages
Old but Not Obsolete: Dimensional Analysis in Nondestructive Testing and Evaluation
Creators: name: Antonello, Tamburrino
name: Alessandro, Sardellitti
name: Filippo, Milano
name: Vincenzo, Mottola
name: Marco, Laracca
name: Luigi, Ferrigno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper introduces dimensional analysis in Non-Destructive Testing & Evaluation (NDT&E) problems. This is the first time that this approach is adopted in the framework of NDT&E, and the paper opens to the development of probes and methods to simultaneously estimate several parameters with a simple approach. The most important theorem of dimensional analysis is the Buckingham's π theorem, based on the concept that the laws of the physics do not depend on the particular set of units chosen. The core of this theorem is a systematic reduction in the number of variables describing a physical problem. This reduction is equal to $k$, the number of fundamental dimensions required to describe the variables of the physical problem in its original setting. This makes the approach ideal when the number of variables of the physical problem is not much greater than $k$. In this work, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach for the simple problem of the simultaneous estimation of the thickness and electrical conductivity of a conducting plate, via Eddy Current Testing. The approach is original, effective, efficient, and currently patent-pending. All the aspects, from theory to experimental validation, are provided, and it is proved that the proposed method achieves a very good accuracy over a wide range of thicknesses and electrical conductivities. Moreover, the proposed method is compatible with the in-line and real-time estimation of thickness and electrical conductivity in an industrial environment.
description: Final version
Deep Learning Specialization: Formula Sheet
Creators: name: Ebeid, Fady Morris Milad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: deep learning
machine learning
mathematics
natural language processing
convolutional neural networks
sequence models
neural networks
recurrent neural networks
computer vision
optimization
cheat sheet

description: This is a formula sheet for "Coursera Deep Learning Specialization". Understanding the foundations of Deep Learning, how to build neural networks, and learn how to lead successful machine learning projects. Learn about Convolutional networks, RNNs, LSTM, Adam, Dropout, BatchNorm, Xavier/He initialization, and more. Work on case studies from healthcare, autonomous driving, sign language reading, music generation, and natural language processing.
Why is language well-designed for communication? (Commentary on Christiansen and Chater: 'Language as shaped by the brain')
Creators: name: Dessalles, Jean-Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Selection through iterated learning explains no more than other non-functional accounts, such as universal grammar, why language is so well-designed for communicative efficiency. It does not predict several distinctive features of language like central embedding, large lexicons or the lack of iconicity, that seem to serve communication purposes at the expense of learnability.
description: jld-08041101
title: Cultural dimension of agricultural landscape: the study on protection, management, and governance of the multifunctional heritage
Creators: name: Salpina, Dana
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2020

description: In view of global problems such as climate change, food shortage, and rural emigration, the protection of certain forms of agricultural landscapes is gaining a new meaning. Notwithstanding the growing number of globally recognized agricultural landscapes and the development of new legal and institutional tools for their protection, the agricultural landscape is often questioned as a blurred concept of heritage. In comparison with conventional cultural heritage categories such as archeologic artefacts, arts, monuments, or museum collections, the agricultural landscape has multiple functions (cultural, social, economic, food security, environmental), which imply a constant and inevitable process of transformation hardly accepted by conventional heritage conservation practices. The main question addressed in this research is whether and how the multifunctional nature of agriculture influences the protection and management of agricultural landscapes as a heritage? The thesis investigates the cultural dimension of agricultural landscapes from the conceptual, legal, and managerial perspectives. First, based on the critical analysis of the legal and institutional frameworks concerning the protection of agricultural landscapes in Europe, with particular attention on Italy, it demonstrates an increasing complexity of the interactions between the sectoral policy instruments at the regional level expressed in the duplication of functions and clashes of interests. Second, based on analysis of the primary sources, including the management plans and regulations, field observations, and 16 semi-structured in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, it investigates the local management and governance practices applied to the protection of heritage agricultural landscapes in Soave and Cinque Terre. It draws the ‘map’ of the interactions and interdependencies between the main stakeholders, their functions, and identifies the key governing entities. The research results suggest that the plethora of protection mechanisms and public policies, at the local level, can be reflected in the heterogeneity of locally adapted governance models, characterized by considerable institutional diversity and the prevalence of specific interests over the others. The research concludes with guiding principles that can be used in developing strategies for the management and governance of agricultural landscapes.
Shock-induced Ignition for Simplified Chemical Kinetics
Creators: name: Melguizo Gavilanes, Josue
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2012

description: Bibliography: p. 200-209
description: Many pages are in colour.
description: The scenario of ignition behind a shock moving into reactive mixture is relevant from the perspective of safety (i.e. storage and handling), because it plays an important role in deflagration to detonation transition, for instance following shock reflections. Numerical simulation of ignition between a contact surface or a flame, and a shock moving into combustible mixture is difficult because of the singular nature of the initial conditions. Indeed, initially, as the shock starts moving into reactive mixture, the region filled with shocked fluid has zero thickness. Thus, on a fixed grid, the number of grid points between the shock and the contact surface increases as the shock moves away from the latter. Due to the initial poor resolution in this region staircasing may occur, leading to amplification by the chemistry of these numerical artifacts, and ultimately to unreliable results. To overcome these difficulties, the problem formulation is transformed from using space and time as the independent variables to space over time and time; coupled with a closed form short time asymptotics solution which is used as initial conditions. The former provides for a finite domain at t=0, and the latter effectively reduces the size of the computation without compromising resolution. The transformed problem is integrated using an essentially non-oscillatory algorithm, which adequately captures the entire ignition evolution, from slow formation and rapid growth of the hot spot, to appearance of a secondary shock and subsequent transition to detonation. A parametric study is performed for single step Arrhenius and three-step chain-branching chemistry. The entire ignition evolution is explained by means of pressure, temperature, and mass fractions profiles. Additionally, the validity of the constant volume assumption in shock tube experiments is assessed. The induction times are found to depend upon the ignition criteria used and the location where the measurement is made; also they may differ from spatially uniform values by a significant margin, depending upon the heat release.
Pauli principle in polaritonic chemistry
Creators: name: Szidarovszky, Tamás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The consequences of enforcing permutational symmetry, as required by the Pauli principle (spin-statistical theorem), on the state space of molecular ensembles interacting with the quantized radiation mode of a cavity are discussed. The Pauli-allowed collective states are obtained by means of group theory, i.e., by projecting the state space onto the appropriate irreducible representations of the permutation group of the indistinguishable molecules. It is shown that with increasing number of molecules the ratio of Pauli-allowed collective states decreases very rapidly. Bosonic states are more abundant than fermionic states, and the brightness of Pauli-allowed state space (the contribution from photon excited states) increases(decreases) with increasing fine structure in the energy levels of the material ground(excited) state manifold. Numerical results are shown for the realistic example of rovibrating H$_2$O molecules interacting with an infrared cavity mode.
An X-ray Census of Fast Radio Burst Host Galaxies: Constraints on AGN and X-ray Counterparts
Creators: name: Eftekhari, T.
name: Fong, W.
name: Gordon, A. C.
name: Sridhar, N.
name: Kilpatrick, C. D.
name: Bhandari, S.
name: Deller, A. T.
name: Dong, Y.
name: Escorial, A. Rouco
name: Heintz, K. E.
name: Leja, J.
name: Margalit, B.
name: Metzger, B. D.
name: Pearlman, A. B.
name: Prochaska, J. X.
name: Ryder, S. D.
name: Scholz, P.
name: Shannon, R. M.
name: Tejos, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first X-ray census of fast radio burst (FRB) host galaxies to conduct the deepest search for AGN and X-ray counterparts to date. Our sample includes seven well-localized FRBs with unambiguous host associations and existing deep Chandra observations, including two events for which we present new observations. We find evidence for AGN in two FRB host galaxies based on the presence of X-ray emission coincident with their centers, including the detection of a luminous ($L_X\approx\,5\times\,10^{42}\,\rm\,erg\,s^{-1}$) X-ray source at the nucleus of FRB20190608B's host, for which we infer an SMBH mass of $\rm{M_{BH}\sim\,10^{8}\,M_{\odot}}$ and an Eddington ratio $\rm{L_{bol}/L_{Edd}\approx\,0.02}$, characteristic of geometrically thin disks in Seyfert galaxies. We also report nebular emission line fluxes for 24 highly secure FRB hosts (including 10 hosts for the first time), and assess their placement on a BPT diagram, finding that FRB hosts trace the underlying galaxy population. We further find that the hosts of repeating FRBs are not confined to the star-forming locus, contrary to previous findings. Finally, we place constraints on associated X-ray counterparts to FRBs in the context of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs), and find that existing X-ray limits for FRBs rule out ULXs brighter than $L_X\gtrsim\,10^{40}\,\rm\,erg\,s^{-1}$. Leveraging the CHIME/FRB catalog and existing ULX catalogs, we search for spatially coincident ULX-FRB pairs. We identify a total of 28 ULXs spatially coincident with the localization regions for 17 FRBs, but find that the DM-inferred redshifts for the FRBs are inconsistent with the ULX redshifts, disfavoring an association between these specific ULX-FRB pairs.
description: Accepted to ApJ
Digraph Complexity Measures and Applications in Formal Language Theory
Creators: name: Gruber, Hermann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.2.2; F.2.2; F.4.3
subject: 05C20

description: We investigate structural complexity measures on digraphs, in particular the cycle rank. This concept is intimately related to a classical topic in formal language theory, namely the star height of regular languages. We explore this connection, and obtain several new algorithmic insights regarding both cycle rank and star height. Among other results, we show that computing the cycle rank is NP-complete, even for sparse digraphs of maximum outdegree 2. Notwithstanding, we provide both a polynomial-time approximation algorithm and an exponential-time exact algorithm for this problem. The former algorithm yields an O((log n)^(3/2))- approximation in polynomial time, whereas the latter yields the optimum solution, and runs in time and space O*(1.9129^n) on digraphs of maximum outdegree at most two. Regarding the star height problem, we identify a subclass of the regular languages for which we can precisely determine the computational complexity of the star height problem. Namely, the star height problem for bideterministic languages is NP-complete, and this holds already for binary alphabets. Then we translate the algorithmic results concerning cycle rank to the bideterministic star height problem, thus giving a polynomial-time approximation as well as a reasonably fast exact exponential algorithm for bideterministic star height.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure
Quantum metrology in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era
Creators: name: Jiao, Lin
name: Wu, Wei
name: Bai, Si-Yuan
name: An, Jun-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum metrology pursues the physical realization of higher-precision measurements to physical quantities than the classically achievable limit by exploiting quantum features, such as entanglement and squeezing, as resources. It has potential applications in developing next-generation frequency standards, magnetometers, radar, and navigation. However, the ubiquitous decoherence in the quantum world degrades the quantum resources and forces the precision back to or even worse than the classical limit, which is called the no-go theorem of noisy quantum metrology and greatly hinders its applications. Therefore, how to realize the promised performance of quantum metrology in realistic noisy situations attracts much attention in recent years. We will review the principle, categories, and applications of quantum metrology. Special attention will be paid to different quantum resources that can bring quantum superiority in enhancing sensitivity. Then, we will introduce the no-go theorem of noisy quantum metrology and its active control under different kinds of noise-induced decoherence situations.
description: Minireview of quantum metrology based on Lectures given at the summer school "Fundamental and Frontiers of Quantum Metrology and Quantum Computation" held in Bohai University, China, from 23 July to 8 August
Abundance of attracting, repelling and elliptic periodic orbits in two-dimensional reversible maps
Creators: name: Delshams, A.
name: Gonchenko, S. V.
name: Gonchenko, V. S.
name: Lázaro, J. T.
name: Sten'kin, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study dynamics and bifurcations of two-dimensional reversible maps having non-transversal heteroclinic cycles containing symmetric saddle periodic points. We consider one-parameter families of reversible maps unfolding generally the initial heteroclinic tangency and prove that there are infinitely sequences (cascades) of bifurcations of birth of asymptotically stable and unstable as well as elliptic periodic orbits.
No Sublogarithmic-time Approximation Scheme for Bipartite Vertex Cover
Creators: name: Göös, Mika
name: Suomela, Jukka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: König's theorem states that on bipartite graphs the size of a maximum matching equals the size of a minimum vertex cover. It is known from prior work that for every ε> 0 there exists a constant-time distributed algorithm that finds a (1+ε)-approximation of a maximum matching on 2-coloured graphs of bounded degree. In this work, we show---somewhat surprisingly---that no sublogarithmic-time approximation scheme exists for the dual problem: there is a constant δ> 0 so that no randomised distributed algorithm with running time o(\log n) can find a (1+δ)-approximation of a minimum vertex cover on 2-coloured graphs of maximum degree 3. In fact, a simple application of the Linial--Saks (1993) decomposition demonstrates that this lower bound is tight. Our lower-bound construction is simple and, to some extent, independent of previous techniques. Along the way we prove that a certain cut minimisation problem, which might be of independent interest, is hard to approximate locally on expander graphs.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Interference filter based external-cavity diode laser with combined dual interference filters and largely adjustable feedback range
Creators: name: Chang, Rui
name: He, Jun
name: Wang, Junmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: External-cavity diode lasers (ECDL) are widely used as light sources in laser spectroscopy, atomic physics, and quantum optics. This study demonstrated a home-made 852-nm ECDL with variable feedback, using the combined dual narrow-band interference filters (IFs) as the laser longitudinal mode selection element. The combination of narrow-band IFs, mainly for the current commercially available narrow-band IFs with the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of approximately 0.5 nm for 780-895 nm. We designed different narrow-band IFs combinations to achieve a narrower FWHM, and applied them in the ECDL. The combination of the dual narrow-band IFs further reduces the laser linewidth. We measured the laser linewidth using a high-finesse Fabry-Perot cavity with a linewidth of approximately 10 kHz. The laser linewidth is approximately 176 kHz for the Single-IF-ECDL and 96 kHz for the Dual-IF-ECDL with the same feedback. In addition, we have experimentally verified the results of narrower laser linewidth and larger tuning range with increase in the feedback. The developed Dual-IF-ECDL has the capability of narrow linewidth and wavelength tunability and can be applied to precision spectroscopy, cooling and trapping of neutral atoms.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures
The Passing of a frontier: ranching in the Canadian West, 1882-1912
Creators: name: Evans, Simon M.
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: Ranches - Northwest, Canadian
subject: Cattle trade - Northwest, Canadian
subject: Ranch life - Northwest, Canadian
subject: Frontier and pioneer life - Northwest, Canadian
subject: Land use - Northwest, Canadian

description: Bibliography: p. 341-357.
description: This study is concerned with the industry which dominated the land use pattern of the Canadian west for a thirty year period between the disappearance of the buffalo and the arrival of large numbers of homestead settlers during the first decade of the twentieth century. It seeks to describe and analyse the establishment, growth, and eventual demise, of the range cattle industry in western Canada. Geographical description concentrates on the location and extent of the area occupied, the intensity with which the land was utilized, and the relative importance of production units of various sizes. An attempt is made to identify some of the variables promoting change in land use on a nineteenth century frontier of settlement. Government attitudes and legislation, economic cycles, technological developments, and the physical environment, are envisaged as interacting to produce a complex "behavioural environment" which was subject to interpretation by a heterogenious group of entrepreneurs and ranchers with widely different goals. Little attention has been paid to the range cattle industry in Canada, in spite of the voluminous literature on the topic in the United States. This study suggests that a robust Canadian variation of the American "cattleman's frontier" was established in Alberta and Assiniboia, and this unique tradition was only partially swept aside by an influx of cattle companies and farmers from the United States during the first decade of the twentieth century.
Packaging Produce at the Central Warehouse
Creators: name: Shaffer, Paul F.
name: Shaffer, Paul F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1965
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Excerpts from the report: The purpose of this study is to compare alternative equipment, layouts, work methods, containers, and operating practices for packaging produce at the central warehouse and to develop improvements in central produce packaging. In a broader sense the objective of the study is to determine where produce should be packaged, particularly those items typically packed in bags—the central warehouse, the retail store, or a point of production or shipping point. The objective of this research is for the consumer to obtain fruits and vegetables of high quality at the lowest possible cost. Cost reductions as a result of improved packaging will, through competitive pressures, be passed on to the consumer. The study includes all operations relating to packaging—from receipt of produce at the central warehouse to delivery at the retail store. This includes the development of improved containers for receiving and store delivery, production cost and scheduling techniques, a review of store packaging costs, and an evaluation of the cost to the firm when produce is purchased prepackaged at the shipping point.
Turbulence induced additional deceleration in relativistic shock wave propagation: implications for gamma-ray burst
Creators: name: Liu, Xue-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The late afterglow of gamma-ray burst is believed to be due to progressive deceleration of the forward shock wave driven by the gamma-ray burst ejecta propagating in the interstellar medium. We study the dynamic effect of interstellar turbulence on shock wave propagation. It is shown that the shock wave decelerates more quickly than previously assumed without the turbulence. As an observational consequence, an earlier jet break will appear in the light curve of the forward shock wave. The scatter of the jet-corrected energy release for gamma-ray burst, inferred from the jet-break, may be partly due to the physical uncertainties in the turbulence/shock wave interaction. This uncertainties also exist in two shell collisions in the well-known internal shock model proposed for gamma-ray burst prompt emission. The large scatters of known luminosity relations of gamma-ray burst may be intrinsic and thus gamma-ray burst is not a good standard candle. We also discuss the other implications.
description: accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science
title: Policy Brief: Adult Learners' Postsecondary Enrollment and Academic Outcomes in Georgia
Creators: name: Duan, Yiwei
name: Feinberg, Iris
name: Greenberg, Daphne
name: Kouwe, Thomas
name: Ribar, David
name: Smith, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Georgia Policy Labs
Year: 2023

description: The Technical College System of Georgia’s (TCSG) adult basic skills classes help adult learners improve literacy, numeracy, communication, and other skills. A goal for some learners is to develop the skills needed to enroll and succeed in a two- or four-year postsecondary institution. We examined postsecondary enrollment and academic outcomes in TCSG’s technical colleges and the University System of Georgia (USG) for adult learners.
Anomalous, Dielectrophoretic Transport of Molecules in Non-Electrolytes
Creators: name: Anand, Gaurav
name: Safaripour, Samira
name: Snoeyink, Craig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electric field dielectric polarization-based separations mechanism represents a novel method for separating solutions at small length scales. An electric field gradient with a maximum strength of $\mathrm{0.4~MV/m}$ applied across a $\mathrm{10~μm}$ deep channel is shown to increase the concentration inside the low electric field region by $\approx \mathrm{40}\%$ relative to the high electric field region. This concentration change is two orders of magnitude higher than the estimated change predicted using the classical equilibrium thermodynamics for the same electric field. The deviation between the predicted and the experimental results suggests that the change in volumetric electric field energy with solute concentration is insufficient to explain this phenomenon. The study also explores the effect of varying strength of electric field and frequency of supplied voltage on the dielectric polarization-based separation efficiency. While the increase in the former increases the separation efficiency, the increase in the latter reduces the degree of concentration change due to ineffective charging of the electrodes.
description: Accepted to Journal of Separation Science
title: Creating a Large Language Model Application Using Gradio
Creators: name: Brooks, Tyler
Publisher: name: Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023

description: This post from Tyler Brooks, a researcher in the Carnegie Mellon University's Software Engineering Institute's AI Division, explains how to build a large language model across three primary use cases: basic question-and-answer, question-and-answer over documents, and document summarization.
In search of viable policy options for responsible use of sardine resources in the Bali Strait, Indonesia
Creators: name: Buchary, Eny Anggraini
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Traditional fisheries in developing countries are often marginalized from mainstream policymaking. This is crucial as many people depend on these fisheries for their livelihood. Using a case study of a traditional, medium-scale sardine (Sardinella lemuru) fishery employing paired purse seiners (slerek) in the upwelling ecosystem of the Bali Strait, Indonesia, the overall objective of this dissertation is to search for viable policy options for responsible use of the sardine resources. This is achieved by exploring issues in multiple domains: biological, ecological, social, economic and human dimensions. A synthesis of the official catch statistics shows that administrative inefficiencies and lack of good governance have created different versions of production statistics for the fishery. Not all sardine caught and landed are entirely reported; on average fishing-day, only about 45% of the catch is landed in government landing sites. Analyses show that the slerek fishery, contributes to the practise of illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing. From 1950 to 2001, only half to one-third of what were actually caught were reported. A socio-economic analysis indicates that financial uncertainty and poverty are the main reasons for this IUU fishing practise. Poverty index of average slerek fishing households plunged from 25.7 in 2004 to -8.6 in 2008, as the loan interest rate was set up to 38% per annum and sardine are dwindling. Single-species and ecosystem-based assessments concluded that the slerek fishery has overexploited the sardine resources. Ecosystem analyses (Ecopath with Ecosim: EwE) using 20-year simulations (2001-20) suggest that climatic variability would increase the fishery; with a caveat of increased landing volatility. Insights derived from five harvest strategies tested using stochastic El Niño effects show that only 50% fishing effort reduction from the 2001 level could provide a sustainable option in the long term. Finally, an evaluation of the sustainability status of these harvest strategies was implemented using RAPFISH with a newly-proposed evaluation field, the human dimensions of traditional fisheries. Results show that trade-offs between economic and human dimension options are crucial in our case, as forgone values from human dimension option is more than what we can derive from choosing an economic option.