cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Jacques Chirac et l’Allemagne
Creators: name: Marx, Jean-Samuel
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2024

description: En accédant à la Présidence de la République en mai 1995, Jacques Chirac, bien que pouvant se réclamer d’une longue expérience des relations franco-allemandes et de la coopération européenne, n’avait pas la réputation d’être un ami de l’Allemagne. Dans les années 1970, en tant que ministre de l’Agriculture, Premier ministre de Valéry Giscard d’Estaing puis chef de file des gaullistes, son rapport à la RFA fut marqué par des conflits parfois violents, liés à des désaccords fondamentaux au sujet de la politique agricole commune, de la politique économique et industrielle européenne ainsi que de la structure institutionnelle de l’Europe. Si le rapport de Jacques Chirac à l’Allemagne connut une évolution progressive à partir du début des années 1980, il demeura compliqué. Durant les premières années de sa présidence, le couple franco-allemand eut du mal à assumer son rôle de moteur de la construction européenne. Dans son combat pour maintenir le poids et l’influence politique de la France en Europe, Jacques Chirac dut faire face à une Allemagne déterminée à défendre ses intérêts nationaux avec plus de vigueur qu’auparavant. La multiplication et l’aggravation des conflits bilatéraux conduisirent Jacques Chirac et le chancelier allemand Gerhard Schröder à prendre des initiatives pour relancer le tandem franco-allemand. Leur coopération gagna encore en intensité avec la crise irakienne, l’Allemagne passant, pour Jacques Chirac, du statut de partenaire compliqué à celui de partenaire privilégié.
description: Francia, Bd. 49 (2022)
OAM beams from incomplete computer generated holograms
Creators: name: Zambale, Niña Angelica F.
name: Doblado, Gerald John H.
name: Hermosa, Nathaniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that optical beams with orbital angular momentum (OAM) can be generated even with incomplete computer generated holograms (CGH). These holograms are made such that random portions of it do not contain any information. We observe that although the beams produced with these holograms are less intense, these beams maintain their shape and that their topological charges are not affected. Furthermore, we show that superposition of two or more beams can be created using separate incomplete CGHs interspersed together. Our result is significant especially since most method to generate beams with OAM for various applications rely on pixelated devices or optical elements with imperfections.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Identified Particle Elliptic Flow in Au + Au Collisions at sqrt(sNN) = 130 GeV
Creators: name: Adler, C.
name: Ahammed, Z.
name: Allgower, C.
name: Amonett, J.
name: Anderson, B. D.
Publisher: name: The American Physical Society
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Physical Review Letters
Besetzte Räume
Creators: name: Streicher, Félix
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2024

description: Die Beteiligung luxemburgischer Truppen an der alliierten Besatzung Deutschlands bleibt eine Dunkelzone in der Geschichtsschreibung des 20. Jahrhunderts und wurde auch von der internationalen Forschung zu militärischen Besatzungen im Allgemeinen bisher völlig vernachlässigt. Der vorliegende Beitrag schließt diese historiografische Lücke, indem er eine erste archivgestützte Fallstudie zum Alltagsleben unter luxemburgischer Herrschaft in der Stadt Bitburg vorlegt. In Anlehnung an die »Alltagsgeschichte« und die Geschichte »von unten« stellt dieser Beitrag die alltäglichen Begegnungen und sozialen Interaktionen zwischen luxemburgischen Besatzern und deutschen Besetzten in den Mittelpunkt. Auf diese Weise wird die Handlungsfähigkeit (agency) der Besatzer und der Besetzten in ihrem alltäglichen Leben betont, anstatt sie nur als passive Adressaten der alliierten Politik von oben zu verstehen. Auf der Grundlage einer Analyse dreier verschiedener umkämpfter »Räume« – öffentlicher Raum, halböffentlicher Raum und privater Raum – legt dieser Beitrag nicht nur die komplexe Machtdynamik zwischen luxemburgischen Besatzern und deutschen Besetzten in ihrem Alltag frei, sondern ebnet auch den Weg für eine Neubewertung und Ergänzung der starren Dichotomie von »Besatzern« und »Besetzten«, indem er stärker nuancierte Kategorien der historischen Analyse vorschlägt, die für weitere Studien über militärische Besatzungen im Allgemeinen fruchtbar sein können.
description: Francia, Bd. 49 (2022)
Can dd excitations mediate pairing ?
Creators: name: Barantani, Francesco
name: Berthod, Christophe
name: van der Marel, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cu-$3d$ states in the high-$T_c$ cuprates are often described as a single band of $3d_{x^2-y^2}$ states, with the other four $3d$ states having about 2 to 3 eV higher energy due to the lower-than-octahedral crystal field at the copper sites. However, excitations to these higher energy states observed with RIXS show indications of strong coupling to doped holes in the $3d_{x^2-y^2}$ band. This relaunches a decades-old question of the possible role of the orbital degrees of freedom that once motivated Bednorz and Müller to search for superconductivity in these systems. Here we explore a direction different from the Jahn-Teller electron-phonon coupling considered by Bednorz and Müller, namely the interaction between holes mediated by $dd$ excitations.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
title: Leadership Practice in a fast growing Kenyan Bank
Creators: name: Thuku, D
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: The research sought to (i) bring about change and make the Bank more customer-centric using literature on leadership practice to inform the process, (ii) understand and articulate how leadership is enacted within the organisation, and (iii) generate actionable knowledge that is relevant for academic and practitioner communities. The research concludes with a brief reflection and synthesis of a re-calibrated view of the researcher's leadership DNA.
Le spectacle de la ligne de frontière
Creators: name: Frenking, Sarah
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2024

description: À la fin du XIXe siècle, le franchissement de la frontière franco-allemande, tracée en 1871 par l’annexion de l’Alsace et celle d’une partie de la Lorraine, a fait l’objet d’une grande attention. L’article s’interroge sur la manière dont une importance nationale croissante a été accordée à ces franchissements de frontières. Partant du poste de police des frontières d’Altmünsterol, dans le Sud de l’Alsace, ce ne sont pas seulement la conception et la symbolique de la frontière qui sont mises en perspective, mais aussi les pratiques sur le terrain ainsi que leur large écho dans la diplomatie et la presse. Depuis 1888, des commissaires allemands de la police des frontières observaient la frontière selon le modèle français, refoulaient des personnes souhaitant franchir la frontière et signalaient constamment les violations de la frontière aux autorités supérieures. Les franchissements militaires de la frontière étaient des sources de tension particulière: ainsi, en marge des grandes manœuvres des deux armées, certains soldats franchissaient la frontière pour diverses raisons, parfois même personnelles (Eigensinn). La police des frontières documentait ces mouvements avec une grande précision à l’aide de bornes et de poteaux, partait dans ses rapports et croquis du principe d’une frontière linéaire et créait ainsi un problème de violations de la frontière qui pouvaient devenir l’objet de mesures de police et devaient être négociés via des correspondances diplomatiques. La presse de masse naissante s’intéressait elle aussi de plus en plus au phénomène des franchissements de frontières, communiquait de manière spectaculaire sur son importance nationale et revendiquait que des mesures soient prises en matière de politique étrangère. La frontière franco-allemande prit ainsi une importance nationale tandis que son franchissement devint une agression politique mesurable.
description: Francia, Bd. 49 (2022)
Evolution of the dust-to-metals ratio in high-redshift galaxies probed by GRB-DLAs
Creators: name: Wiseman, P.
name: Schady, P.
name: Bolmer, J.
name: Krühler, T.
name: Yates, R. M.
name: Greiner, J.
name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Several issues regarding the nature of dust at high redshift remain unresolved: its composition, its production and growth mechanisms, and its effect on background sources. Aims. We provide a more accurate relation between dust depletion levels and dust-to-metals ratio (DTM), and to use the DTM to investigate the origin and evolution of dust in the high-redshift Universe via Gamma-ray burst damped Lyman-alpha absorbers (GRB-DLAs). Methods. We use absorption-line measured metal column densities for a total of 19 GRB-DLAs, including five new GRB afterglow spectra from VLT/X-shooter. We use the latest linear models to calculate the dust depletion strength factor in each DLA. Using these values we calculate total dust and metal column densities to determine a DTM. We explore the evolution of DTM with metallicity, and compare it to previous trends in DTM measured with different methods. Results. We find significant dust depletion in 16 of our 19 GRB-DLAs, yet 18 of the 19 have a DTM significantly lower than the Milky Way. We find that DTM is positively correlated with metallicity, which supports a dominant ISM grain-growth mode of dust formation. We find a substantial discrepancy between the dust content measured from depletion and that derived from the total V-band extinction, $A_V$ , measured by fitting the afterglow SED. We advise against using a measurement from one method to estimate that from the other until the discrepancy can be resolved.
description: Published in Astronomy & Astrophysics. 24 pages, 34 figures
title: A systematic analysis of the moral foundations of right-wing ideology in the UK.
Creators: name: Gordts, Sarah
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2525

description: The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the relationship between right-wing ideology dimensions (RWA and SDO) and moral intuitions in the UK. The Moral Foundations Theory (MFT) is currently the most prominent theory on moral intuitions and defines five moral intuitions or foundations (care, fairness, loyalty, authority, and purity) which are further summarised into two broad moral domains (individualising and binding foundations). The first research line in this thesis assessed how RWA and SDO relate to individualising and binding foundations with a self-report measurement of moral foundations (Study One), hypothetical moral dilemmas (Study Two-Five), and a visual moral stimulus set (Study Six). Results indicated that while RWA was associated with a greater concern for binding foundations and SDO with a reduced concern for individualising foundations, these relationships did not generalise well beyond the self-report measure for moral foundations. The second research line in this thesis (Study Seven) explored the implications of self-reported concern for individualising and binding foundations on socio-political outcomes of RWA and SDO. It was found that individualising and binding foundations predicted how threatening immigrants are perceived and the willingness to engage in collective action in the context of immigration, although these effects were most consistent for binding foundations. Moral foundations also mediated the effect of RWA and SDO on perceived threat and collective action intent, suggesting that moral foundations can at least partly account for the socio-political outcomes that are associated with right-wing ideology. Study One, Six, and Seven also evaluated the construct validity of current measures for moral foundations and overall found a poor performance of the self-report methods and the visual imagery set in British participants. Taken together, the studies in this thesis demonstrated that right-wing ideology dimensions (RWA, SDO) are associated with self-reported moral foundations in the UK and that these associations further predict relevant socio-political outcomes, but the findings cast doubt on the overall applicability of MFT to the UK context. These studies were carried out in convenience samples mostly recruited via online worker platforms which limits the generalisability of these results to the general population. Although additional research is necessary to evaluate the stability of the relationships between RWA, SDO, and moral foundations and the generalisability of MFT to the UK, the results from this thesis suggest that self-reported moral foundations are important to consider in the context of right-wing ideology and socio-political outcomes, and social and political polarisation more broadly.
Statistics of the epoch of reionization (EoR) 21-cm signal -- II. The evolution of the power spectrum error-covariance
Creators: name: Mondal, Rajesh
name: Bharadwaj, Somnath
name: Majumdar, Suman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The EoR 21-cm signal is expected to become highly non-Gaussian as reionization progresses. This severely affects the error-covariance of the EoR 21-cm power spectrum which is important for predicting the prospects of a detection with ongoing and future experiments. Most earlier works have assumed that the EoR 21-cm signal is a Gaussian random field where (1) the error variance depends only on the power spectrum and the number of Fourier modes in the particular $k$ bin, and (2) the errors in the different $k$ bins are uncorrelated. Here we use an ensemble of simulated 21-cm maps to analyze the error-covariance at various stages of reionization. We find that even at the very early stages of reionization ($\bar{x}_{\rm HI} \sim 0.9 $) the error variance significantly exceeds the Gaussian predictions at small length-scales ($k > 0.5 \,{\rm Mpc}^{-1}$) while they are consistent at larger scales. The errors in most $k$ bins (both large and small scales), are however found to be correlated. Considering the later stages ($\bar{x}_{\rm HI} = 0.15$), the error variance shows an excess in all $k$ bins within $k \ge 0.1 \, {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$, and it is around $200$ times larger than the Gaussian prediction at $k \sim 1 \, {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$. The errors in the different $k$ bins are all also highly correlated, barring the two smallest $k$ bins which are anti-correlated with the other bins. Our results imply that the predictions for different 21-cm experiments based on the Gaussian assumption underestimate the errors, and it is necessary to incorporate the non-Gaussianity for more realistic predictions.
description: Published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS). Available at "this URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stw2599"
De la révolte de l’esprit au matérialisme dialectique
Creators: name: Jutisz, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2024

description: Longtemps avant que le marxisme hétérodoxe et la pensée du jeune Marx connurent leur apogée en France dans les années 1950 et 1960, le philosophe Henri Lefebvre formula une critique du stalinisme à partir du concept de l’aliénation. Cet article retrace l’émergence d’un marxisme hétérodoxe, critique du marxisme dominant, à partir des années 1920 en France, étroitement liée à la figure de Lefebvre. En mettant son interprétation novatrice du marxisme en rapport avec son engagement au sein du groupe »philosophies« et son rapport conflictuel avec le Parti communiste, la mise au point éclaire le contexte politique et idéologique de la pensée du philosophe de l’entre-deux-guerres. Elle part de l’hypothèse que ce sont les répercussions de la Première Guerre mondiale qui amenèrent Lefebvre et le groupe des »philosophes« à rejeter le bergsonisme et de se rapprocher du marxisme qui leur paraissait plus proche de la vie et du vécu. Or, la confrontation avec une société sclérosée et les différentes crises de l’époque tels que la guerre du Rif et la montée du fascisme provoquèrent chez Lefebvre non seulement une aversion contre le néo-kantisme de ses maîtres, mais l’amenèrent également à se démarquer d’une interprétation évolutionniste du marxisme telle qu’elle fut propagée par l’orthodoxie communiste. Pour lui, le marxisme n’était pas une science, mais une philosophie renouvelée, qui s’inspirait d’avantage de l’expérience et de la vraie vie. Contre les interprétations positivistes du marxisme, Lefebvre formula à partir du concept hégélien de l’aliénation une critique de la pensée progressiste moderne, ce qui lui fournit les outils intellectuels pour conceptualiser comme l’un des premiers intellectuels français théoriquement la montée du fascisme.
description: Francia, Bd. 49 (2022)
Closure Relations of Synchrotron Self-Compton in Afterglow stratified medium and Fermi-LAT Detected Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Fraija, Nissim
name: Dainotti, Maria G.
name: Kamenetskaia, B. Betancourt
name: Levine, D.
name: Galvan-Gamez, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Second Gamma-ray Burst Catalog (2FLGC) was announced by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) Collaboration. It includes 29 bursts with photon energy higher than 10 GeV. Gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglow observations have been adequately explained by the classic synchrotron forward-shock model, however, photon energies greater than 10 GeV from these transient events are challenging, if not impossible, to characterize using this afterglow model. Recently, the closure relations (CRs) of the synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) forward-shock model evolving in a stellar wind and homogeneous medium was presented to analyze the evolution of the spectral and temporal indexes of those bursts reported in 2FLGC. In this work, we provide the CRs of the same afterglow model, but evolving in an intermediate density profile ($\propto {\rm r^{-k}}$) with ${\rm 0\leq k \leq2.5}$, taking into account the adiabatic/radiative regime and with/without energy injection for any value of the electron spectral index. The results show that the current model accounts for a considerable subset of GRBs that cannot be interpreted in either stellar-wind or homogeneous afterglow SSC model. The analysis indicates that the best-stratified scenario is most consistent with ${\rm k=0.5}$ for no-energy injection and ${\rm k=2.5}$ for energy injection.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
title: Statistisches Jahrbuch der Universität Dortmund 2007
title: Zahlen, Daten, Fakten 2007
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 310

description: Statistisches Jahrbuch der Universität Dortmund : Zahlen, Daten, Fakten / Universität Dortmund ; 2007
title: Читаем, слушаем, говорим…
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2022

description: Настоящий практикум предназначен для студентов, изучающих русский язык как иностранный. Основная цель издания — развитие и совершенствование навыков устной и письменной речи. Аутентичные аудио, видео тексты и статьи способствуют расширению лексического запаса и активизации навыков получения социально значимой информации. Иностранцы знакомятся с русскими традициями, новостями в области культуры, науки и жизни России, актуальными проблемами современности. Практикум адресован иностранным учащимся, владеющим русским языком в объёме I–II сертификационного уровней. Может быть использован в качестве дополнительного материала по развитию навыков аудирования и чтения неадаптированной речи в рамках практических курсов по русскому языку как иностранному.
Field blue straggler stars: Discovery of white dwarf companions to blue metal-poor stars using UVIT/AstroSat
Creators: name: Panthi, Anju
name: Subramaniam, Annapurni
name: Vaidya, Kaushar
name: Jadhav, Vikrant
name: Rani, Sharmila
name: Thirupathi, Sivarani
name: Pandey, Sindhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Blue metal-poor (BMP) stars are the main-sequence stars that appear bluer and more luminous than normal turn-off stars of metal-poor globular clusters. They are believed to be either field blue straggler stars (FBSS) formed via post-mass transfer mechanism or accreted from dwarf satellite galaxies of the Milky Way. A significant fraction of BMP stars are discovered to be potential binaries. We observed 27 BMP stars using UVIT/\textit{AstroSat} in two FUV filters, F148W and F169M. We report the discovery of white dwarf (WD) companions of 12 BMP stars for the first time. The WD companions have estimated temperatures T$_{eff}$ $\sim$10500 $-$ 18250 K, and masses 0.17 M$_{\odot}$ $-$ 0.8 M$_{\odot}$. Based on [Fe/H] and space velocity, we group the 12 BMP/FBSS stars as the thick disk (5) and halo (5), whereas two stars appear to be in-between. All the 5 thick disk BMP/FBSS have extremely low-mass (M $<$ 0.2 M$_{\odot}$) WDs as companions, whereas the 5 halo BMP/FBSS have low (0.2 M$_{\odot}$ $<$ M $<$ 0.4 M$_{\odot}$), normal (0.4 M$_{\odot}$ $<$ M $<$ 0.6M$_{\odot}$), and high mass (M $>$ 0.6 M$_{\odot}$) WD companions. Our analysis suggests that at least $\sim$44 $\%$ of BMP stars are FBSS, and these stars hold the key to understand the details of mass transfer, binary properties, and chemical enrichment among the FBSS.
Resolving Close Encounters: Stability in the HD 5319 and HD 7924 Planetary Systems
Creators: name: Kane, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radial velocity searches for exoplanets have detected many multi-planet systems around nearby bright stars. An advantage of this technique is that it generally samples the orbit outside of inferior/superior conjunction, potentially allowing the Keplerian elements of eccentricity and argument of periastron to be well characterized. The orbital architectures for some of these systems show signs of close planetary encounters that may render the systems unstable as described. We provide an in-depth analysis of two such systems: HD 5319 and HD 7924, for which the scenario of coplanar orbits results in rapid destabilization of the systems. The poorly constrained periastron arguments of the outer planets in these systems further emphasizes the need for detailed investigations. An exhaustive scan of parameters space via dynamical simulations reveals specific mutual inclinations between the two outer planets in each system that allow for stable configurations over long timescales. We compare these configurations with those presented by mean-motion resonance as possible stability sources. Finally, we discuss the relevance to interpretation of multi-planet Keplerian orbits and suggest additional observations that will help to resolve the system stabilities.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Transnational Soldiering, Burial and Commemoration across Borders
Creators: name: Kolnberger, Thomas
name: Kmec, Sonja
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2024

description: To whom do the dead belong? The French Foreign Legion exemplifies a modern military conundrum: how to reconcile loyal and patriotic duty with mercenary service or, in neutral terms, military labour. This article investigates soldierly funeral culture in the long nineteenth century, with a focus on the entangled histories of Luxembourg and France. The Foreign Legion’s transnational recruitment makes this armed force a unique case study to explore military commemoration across state borders, honouring the dead and the living alike. Since its establishment to fight outside mainland France, rooted in the conquest of Algeria (1830–1857), the Legion has been the only branch of the French military whose members swear allegiance not to France, but to the corps itself: its motto is Legio Patria Nostra (»The Legion is our Homeland«). As a military parallel society and temporary »ersatz-nation«, the Legion has elaborated a specific death cult, which has both a corporeal (body-centred, individual) and a sur-real (transcendent, communal) dimension. The two dimensions cannot be rigidly delimited: they clearly overlap and can be shared with other nations, as the case of Luxembourg demonstrates.
description: Francia, Bd. 49 (2022)
Optical cooling and trapping of highly magnetic atoms: The benefits of a spontaneous spin polarization
Creators: name: Dreon, Davide
name: Sidorenkov, Leonid A.
name: Bouazza, Chayma
name: Maineult, Wilfried
name: Dalibard, Jean
name: Nascimbene, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From the study of long-range-interacting systems to the simulation of gauge fields, open-shell Lanthanide atoms with their large magnetic moment and narrow optical transitions open novel directions in the field of ultracold quantum gases. As for other atomic species, the magneto-optical trap (MOT) is the working horse of experiments but its operation is challenging, due to the large electronic spin of the atoms. Here we present an experimental study of narrow-line Dysprosium MOTs. We show that the combination of radiation pressure and gravitational forces leads to a spontaneous polarization of the electronic spin. The spin composition is measured using a Stern-Gerlach separation of spin levels, revealing that the gas becomes almost fully spin-polarized for large laser frequency detunings. In this regime, we reach the optimal operation of the MOT, with samples of typically $3\times 10^8$ atoms at a temperature of 15\,$μ$K. The spin polarization reduces the complexity of the radiative cooling description, which allows for a simple model accounting for our measurements. We also measure the rate of density-dependent atom losses, finding good agreement with a model based on light-induced Van der Waals forces. A minimal two-body loss rate $β\sim 2\times10^{-11}\,$cm$^{3}$/s is reached in the spin-polarized regime. Our results constitute a benchmark for the experimental study of ultracold gases of magnetic Lanthanide atoms.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
Quantum many-body theory for electron spin decoherence in nanoscale nuclear spin baths
Creators: name: Yang, Wen
name: Ma, Wen-Long
name: Liu, Ren-Bao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Decoherence of electron spins in nanoscale systems is important to quantum technologies such as quantum information processing and magnetometry. It is also an ideal model problem for studying the crossover between quantum and classical phenomena. At low temperatures or in light-element materials where the spin-orbit coupling is weak, the phonon scattering in nanostructures is less important and the fluctuations of nuclear spins become the dominant decoherence mechanism for electron spins. Since 1950s, semiclassical noise theories have been developed for understanding electron spin decoherence. In spin-based solid-state quantum technologies, the relevant systems are in the nanometer scale and the nuclear spin baths are quantum objects which require a quantum description. Recently, quantum pictures have been established to understand the decoherence and quantum many-body theories have been developed to quantitatively describe this phenomenon. Anomalous quantum effects have been predicted and some have been experimentally confirmed. A systematically truncated cluster correlation expansion theory has been developed to account for the many-body correlations in nanoscale nuclear spin baths that are built up during the electron spin decoherence. The theory has successfully predicted and explained a number of experimental results in a wide range of physical systems. In this review, we will cover these recent progresses. The limitations of the present quantum many-body theories and possible directions for future development will also be discussed.
description: 44 pages, 29 figures, corrected many typos and added some references
Hommes d’État français travestis en magiciens
Creators: name: Reichardt, Rolf
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2024

description: Soutenu par les travaux précédents du collectionneur Georges Naudet, cet article analyse pour la première fois le rôle et les métamorphoses de la figure de l’escamoteur politique dans l’estampe française. Le spectacle du magicien ambulant, qui déplie sa table dans les rues, sur les places et les marchés, qui fait passer ses balles ou ses musettes d’un gobelet à l’autre sous les yeux des spectateurs et qui finit par faire apparaître un lapin, atteint sa plus grande popularité au XIXe siècle. Les caricaturistes ont politisé ce schéma visuel pour accuser publiquement un certain nombre de gouvernants de tromperie et de fraude. Les muscades et les coupes symbolisent des principes politiques, des promesses ou des personnes que le magicien fait disparaître ou apparaître par de manipulations habiles. La série de magiciens politiques ainsi dénoncés va du ministre des finances Necker aux parlementaires Adolphe Thiers et Léon Gambetta, en passant par Napoléon I, Charles X et Louis-Philippe. L’un manipule les finances publiques, l’autre remplace la République par l’Empire, les autres escamotent successivement la Révolution, la Liberté de la presse ainsi que le programme d’une république démocratique et sociale. Mais, selon l’argumentation de ces imagiers satiriques, les tours de magie ne fonctionnent pas toujours: si Napoléon et Louis-Philippe accèdent au pouvoir grâce à des manipulations, mais tombent à cause d'apparitions ratées, Charles X tombe avant même d’avoir pu présenter son »tour de force«. Grâce à leurs représentations significatives, leur pertinence d’information et leur sens caché, les caricatures étudiées se révèlent être des symboles suggestifs de la culture politique française.
description: Francia, Bd. 49 (2022)
title: Основы технического эксперимента
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2022

description: В учебно-методическом пособии даны основные термины и определения, используемые во время проведения технических экспериментов. Рассмотрены методология и методики экспериментов, однофакторные и многофакторные эксперименты, методы экспертных оценок. Подготовлено с учетом требований Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта высшего образования. Предназначено для студентов, обучающихся по специальности 17.05.02 «Стрелково-пушечное, артиллерийское и ракетное оружие», изучающих дисциплину «Основы технического эксперимента». Может быть использовано студентами других направлений подготовки и специальностей, учебными планами которых предусмотрено изучение дисциплин «Основы научного эксперимента», «Планирование эксперимента».
Der »Gérant« zwischen Herrn und Sklaven
Creators: name: Ackermann, Mathilde
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2024

description: Der Gérant, der den Herrn auf der Plantage vertritt und die Finanzen sowie das Leben aller Arbeiter auf der Sklavenplantage verwaltet, ist eine Figur, die in der Sklavereiforschung nur am Rande vorkommt. Dennoch stellt William Scarborough bereits 1966 the overseer, den amerikanischen Gérant, in den Mittelpunkt der Arbeitsorganisation auf der Plantage. Der Widerspruch zwischen der tatsächlichen Position des Gérant der Plantage und dem Raum, der ihm in der Forschung zugewiesen wird, ist Ausgangspunkt der Überlegungen dieses Artikels. Das Fehlen von Studien über die Rolle des Gérant lässt sich durch die klassische Handhabung der Herr-Knecht-Beziehung erklären, bei der der Herr als Eigentümer und der Knecht oder Sklave, als Objekt des Besitzes verstanden wird. Indem der Verwalter im Mittelpunkt dieser Forschung gestellt wird, möchte dieser Artikel diese Dualität auflösen, um die Beziehung zwischen Herrn und Sklave nicht mehr als dyadische, sondern als triadische Beziehung zu begreifen wie etwa Georg Simmel sie entwarf. Deswegen ist der Gérant nach Simmel eine Zwischeninstanz zwischen Herrn und Sklaven. So war es möglich, den Gérant als »Figur des Dritten« zu identifizieren, da er in der Praxis weder Herr noch Sklave ist. Die Beziehungen werden nun aus der Perspektive des Geschäftsführers betrachtet, der nicht mehr nur Zuschauer der Beziehung ist, sondern zu einem der Hauptakteure wird.
description: Francia, Bd. 49 (2022)
The 2175 Angstrom Interstellar Extinction Bump: Is the Wavelength Variable?
Creators: name: Wang, Qian
name: Yang, X. J.
name: Li, Aigen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most striking characteristics of the mysterious 2175 Angstrom extinction bump, the strongest spectroscopic absorption feature seen on the interstellar extinction curve, are the invariant central wavelength and variable bandwidth: its peak position at 2175 Angstrom is remarkably constant while its bandwidth varies from one line of sight to another. However, recent studies of the lines of sight toward a number of Herbig Ae/Be stars have revealed that the extinction bump exhibits substantial shifts from the canonical wavelength of 2175 Angstrom. In this work we revisit these lines of sight and take a physical approach to determine the ultraviolet (UV) extinction curve for each line of sight. It is found that the wavelengths of the derived UV extinction bumps are around 2200 Angstrom and the scatters are considerably smaller than that of the previous study based on the same set of Herbig Ae/Be stars, consistent with the conventional wisdom. Nevertheless, the scatters are still appreciably larger than that associated with the nominal bump position of 2175 Angstrom. This is discussed in the context that Herbig Ae/Be stars are not well-suited for interstellar extinction studies.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Zur Modellierung und Kompensation dynamischer Reibung in Aktuatorsystemen
Creators: name: Ruderman, Michael
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Aktuator
subject: Antriebssysteme
subject: Beobachter
subject: Dynamik
subject: Hysteresis
subject: Modellbildung
subject: Nichtlinearität
subject: Regelung
subject: Reibung
subject: Reibungskompensation
subject: Reibungsmodell
subject: Systemidentifikation
subject: Tribologie
subject: 620

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der Modellierung und Kompensation dynamischer Reibung in Aktuatorsystemen. Kinetische Reibung in Mechanismen ist eine der signifikantesten Nichtlinearitäten im System, welche einerseits als natürlicher Dämpfungsfaktor fungiert anderseits die maßgeblichen Regelungsfehler sowie Grenzzyklen und Stick-Slip-Effekte verursachen kann. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit werden die Modelle dynamischer Reibung aus dem neusten Stand der Technik analysiert und im Kontext einer regelungstechnischen Kompensation der Reibung einander gegenüber gestellt. Ein weiteres, neu entwickeltes Modell dynamischer Reibung wird eingeführt und mit den bereits existierenden Ansätzen verglichen. Ferner liegt der Schwerpunkt der Arbeit auf der modellgestützten Kompensation dynamischer Reibung. In Ergänzung zu einer eher klassischen Feed-Forward Kompensation werden zwei neuartige, beobachtergestützte Ansätze vorgestellt und auf ihre Tauglichkeit sowohl theoretisch als auch experimentell geprüft. Drei verschiedene Aktuatorsysteme werden zur Evaluierung des vorgestellten Reibungsmodells angewendet, wobei eines von diesen auch der Integration und Evaluierung der entwickelten Kompensationsstrategien dient.
description: This thesis is concerned with the modeling and compensation of dynamic friction in actuator systems. Kinetic friction is one of the most significant nonlinearities acting in mechanisms. On the one hand, it serves as a natural damping in the system. On the other hand, the friction can lead to significant control errors and can provoke the limit cycles and stick-slip effects. In this work, the state-of-the-art models of dynamic friction are analyzed and considered facing one another in the context of control-oriented friction compensation. A novel developed dynamic friction model is introduced and compared with other well-established modeling approaches. The second focus of this work is on the model-oriented compensation of dynamic friction. Two novel observer-based approaches are proposed in addition to a rather classical feed-forward compensation scheme. The suitability of the proposed control strategies is proved both theoretically and with experiments. Three different actuator systems are used to evaluate the presented friction model. One of them serves also for the integration and evaluation of the developed compensation methods.
Assessment of the Challenges of Micro and Small Scale Enterprises to Contribute to Sustainable Development: the Case of Manufacturing Enterprises in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Gebreyohannes, Yodit
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2015

description: The objective of this research is to assess the contribution of MSEs to sustainable development taking the case of manufacturing MSEs in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The main research question was to find the socio-economic and environmental impact of MSEs and the drivers and barriers for sustainable business practices. An exploratory research method was used to address the research questions. The research was based on review of relevant literatures and mixed method research methodology was employed where data was collected from entrepreneurs and employees of the enterprises and key informant interview was conducted with relevant officials. GRI sustainability reporting framework was used to provide the conceptual framework. This study reveals that the enterprises have created job opportunity for local dwellers and are playing considerable role in the interactions in the local markets through the use of local raw materials and serving the local customers needs. However the firms contribution to sustainable development are restrained by many factors including weak economic performance of firms, business constraints as marketing problems, input constraints and finance constraints, non effective human capital management, weak environment protection measures adopted by the MSEs and lack of relevant knowledge. Though the MSEs entrepreneurs have positive attitude on the benefits from sustainable business practices as cost reduction, profit maximization, attraction of employees and customers, reputation building and comply to legislation, the drivers are not highly influential for the enterprises due to the barriers that strongly hinder the enterprises to implement socially and environmentally responsible business practices. Key terms: Sustainable Development; MSE; Manufacturing Enterprises; Triple Bottom Line; Natural Environment; Marketing; Ethiopia
Medien gegen den Sklavenhandel
Creators: name: Streb, Christoph
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2024

description: Dieser Beitrag untersucht die publizistische Aktivität des frühen französischen Abolitionismus im Umfeld der Société des Amis des Noirs (1788–1792). Jacques Pierre Brissot und andere Antisklavereiaktivisten prägten einen neuen Stil druckmedialer Kommunikation, dem im Übergang von der Sklavereikritik vorheriger Jahrzehnte zu einer proaktiven abolitionistischen Mobilisierung eine wichtige Funktion zukam. Aufgeklärte Veröffentlichungen zum Thema waren formal innovativ und inhaltlich radikal, blieben aber letztlich einem deliberativen Publikationsmodus verpflichtet, der auch politische Entscheidungsträger mit einbeziehen wollte. Für die Abolitionisten um Brissot wurde die Abschaffung des Sklavenhandels dagegen zu einer politisch-moralischen Cause. Damit ging ein veränderter Stil der politischen Kommunikation einher: Man strebte die affektive Einbindung eines breiten Lesepublikums an, um den Sklavenhandel gegenüber den politischen Autoritäten zu einem drängenden Problem zu machen. Ein mediengeschichtlicher Blick auf diese druckmediale Programmatik der Société des Amis des Noirs soll auf einer ersten Ebene dazu beitragen, ein differenzierteres Bild der frühen französischen Abolitionsbewegung zu gewinnen, die gerade in der transnational vergleichenden Forschung oft als mobilisierungsunwillig oder mobilisierungsschwach gilt. Auf einer zweiten Ebene wird das Engagement für die abolitionistische Cause zum Fallbeispiel für größere Entwicklungen der politischen Kommunikation im späten 18. Jahrhundert. Hier möchte dieser Beitrag ein Diskussionsangebot dafür machen, wie man das Verhältnis der radikalen Publizistik der 1780er und 1790er zu aufgeklärten Prinzipien und Praktiken des Schreibens und Publizierens sinnvoll bestimmen kann. Brissots Medienpolitik ist weder als Fortführung noch als Ablehnung der Aufklärung überzeugend beschrieben: Sie erscheint als Erweiterung bei permanenter Strapazierung ihrer Grenzen.
description: Francia, Bd. 49 (2022)
On the boundary of the numerical range of some Jacobi operators
Creators: name: Birbonshi, R.
name: Patra, A.
name: Srivastava, P. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A75, 47A12, 47A10, 47B36

description: In this paper, we study the numerical range of Jacobi operators and it is shown that under certain conditions, the boundary of the numerical range of these operators can be non-round only at the points where it touches the essential spectrum. It is further shown that these points cannot be the eigenvalue of the Jacobi operators.
description: This paper has been withdrawn by the author due to a error in a result
title: История театра. В 4 частях. Ч. 3. История зарубежного театра Нового времени
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Профобразование
Year: 2022

description: В третьей части учебника представлена попытка обобщить и систематизировать вопросы развития зарубежного театра и драматургии XVII–XVIII вв. Издание содержит необходимый комплекс материалов (теоретические сведения, разноуровневые практические задания и хрестоматийные материалы) по истории зарубежного театра и драматургии Нового времени. Подготовлен в соответствии с требованиями Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта среднего профессионального образования по специальности 51.02.01 «Народное художественное творчество» («Театральное творчество»). Предназначен для учащихся учреждений среднего профессионального образования, изучающих дисциплины «История театра», «Литература», «Теория и история литературы», «История зарубежной литературы».
title: Семейная психотерапия и семейное консультирование
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2021

description: В учебном пособии рассмотрены социально-психологические параметры семьи на всех этапах ее развития, анализируются причины возникновения семейных нарушений. Описаны основные направления и модели семейного консультирования и психотерапии. Особое внимание уделено психотерапии различных нарушений и искажений семейных отношений. Учебное пособие предназначено для изучения дисциплин «Психология семьи и семейное консультирование» (направление подготовки бакалавров 37.03.01 «Психология»), «Психологическое консультирование семьи», «Семейное психологическое консультирование» (направление подготовки магистров 37.04.01 «Психология»), «Семейная психотерапия и семейное консультирование» (специальность 37.05.01 «Клиническая психология»).
Amtliche Mitteilungen der Universität Dortmund Nr. 05/89
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Dortmund
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 080

description: 2. Änderung der Satzung der Studentenschaft der Universität Dortmund vom 17. Mai 1989
description: Amtliche Mitteilungen der Universität Dortmund ; 5, 1989
Interplay of Pomeranchuk instability and superconductivity in the two-dimensional repulsive Hubbard model
Creators: name: Kitatani, Motoharu
name: Tsuji, Naoto
name: Aoki, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interplay of Pomeranchuk instability (spontaneous symmetry breaking of the Fermi surface) and d-wave superconductivity is studied for the repulsive Hubbard model on the square lattice with the dynamical mean field theory combined with the fluctuation exchange approximation (FLEX+DMFT). We show that the four-fold symmetric Fermi surface becomes unstable against a spontaneous distortion into two-fold near the van Hove filling, where the symmetry of superconductivity coexisting with the Pomeranchuk distorted Fermi surface is modified from the d-wave pairing to (d+s)-wave. By systematically shifting the position of van Hove filling with varied second- and third-neighbor hoppings, we find that the transition temperature $T_{\rm c}^{\rm PI}$ of Pomeranchuk instability is more sensitively affected by the position of van Hove filling than the superconducting $T_{\rm c}^{\rm SC}$. This implies that the filling region for strong Pomeranchuk instability and that for strong superconducting fluctuations can be separated, and Pomeranchuk instability can appear even if the peak of $T_c^{\rm PI}$ is lower than the peak of $T_c^{\rm SC}$. An interesting observation is that the Fermi surface distortion can enhance the superconducting $T_{\rm c}^{\rm SC}$ in the overdoped regime, which is explained with a perturbation picture for small distortions.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Influences of dynamical disruptions on the evolution of pulsars in globular clusters
Creators: name: Oh, Kwangmin
name: Hui, C. Y.
name: Hong, Jongsuk
name: Takata, J.
name: Kong, A. K. H.
name: Tam, Pak-Hin Thomas
name: Li, Kwan-Lok
name: Cheng, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By comparing the physical properties of pulsars hosted by core-collapsed (CCed) and non-core-collapsed (Non-CCed) globular clusters (GCs), we find that pulsars in CCed GCs rotate significantly slower than their counterparts in Non-CCed GCs. Additionally, radio luminosities at 1.4 GHz in CCed GCs are higher. These findings are consistent with the scenario that dynamical interactions in GCs can interrupt angular momentum transfer processes and surface magnetic field decay during the recycling phase. Our results suggest that such effects in CCed GCs are stronger due to more frequent disruptions of compact binaries. This is further supported by the observation that both estimated disruption rates and the fraction of isolated pulsars are predominantly higher in CCed GCs.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, Accepted in MNRAS