cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Removal of malaria-infected red blood cells using magnetic cell separators: A computational study.
Creators: name: Jeongho  Kim
name: Massoudi, Mehrdad
name: Antaki, James
name: Gandini, Alberto
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: High gradient magnetic field separators have been widely used in a variety of biological applications. Recently, the use of magnetic separators to remove malaria-infected red blood cells (pRBCs) from blood circulation in patients with severe malaria has been proposed in a dialysis-like treatment. The capture efficiency of this process depends on many interrelated design variables and constraints such as magnetic pole array pitch, chamber height, and flow rate. In this paper, we model the malaria-infected RBCs (pRBCs) as paramagnetic particles suspended in a Newtonian fluid. Trajectories of the infected cells are numerically calculated inside a micro-channel exposed to a periodic magnetic field gradient. First-order stiff ordinary differential equations (ODEs) governing the trajectory of particles under periodic magnetic fields due to an array of wires are solved numerically using the 1(st) -5(th) order adaptive step Runge-Kutta solver. The numerical experiments show that in order to achieve a capture efficiency of 99% for the pRBCs it is required to have a longer length than 80 mm; this implies that in principle, using optimization techniques the length could be adjusted, i.e., shortened to achieve 99% capture efficiency of the pRBCs.
Perfect wave-packet splitting and reconstruction in a one-dimensional lattice
Creators: name: Banchi, Leonardo
name: Compagno, Enrico
name: Bose, Sougato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle delocalization is a common feature of quantum random walks in arbitrary lattices. However, in the typical scenario a particle spreads over multiple sites and its evolution is not directly useful for controlled quantum interferometry, as may be required for technological applications. In this paper we devise a strategy to perfectly split the wave-packet of an incoming particle into two components, each propagating in opposite directions, which reconstruct the shape of the initial wavefunction after a particular time $t^*$. Therefore, a particle in a delta-like initial state becomes exactly delocalized between two distant sites after $t^*$. We find the mathematical conditions to achieve the perfect splitting which are satisfied by viable example Hamiltonians with static site-dependent interaction strengths. Our results pave the way for the generation of peculiar many-body interference patterns in a many-site atomic chain (like the Hanbury Brown and Twiss and quantum Talbot effects) as well as for the distribution of entanglement between remote sites. Thus, as for the case of perfect state transfer, the perfect wave-packet splitting can be a new tool for varied applications.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Cooperative emission of a pulse train in an optically thick scattering medium
Creators: name: Kwong, C. C.
name: Yang, T.
name: Delande, D.
name: Pierrat, R.
name: Wilkowski, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An optically thick cold atomic cloud emits a coherent flash of light in the forward direction when the phase of an incident probe field is abruptly changed. Because of cooperativity, the duration of this phenomena can be much shorter than the excited lifetime of a single atom. Repeating periodically the abrupt phase jump, we generate a train of pulses with short repetition time, high intensity contrast and high efficiency. In this regime, the emission is fully governed by cooperativity even if the cloud is dilute.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Indirect search for dark matter in the Galactic Centre combining ANTARES and IceCube
Creators: name: Baur, Sebastian
name: Gozzini, Sara Rebecca
name: Iovine, Nadège
name: Sanchez, Juan Antonio Aguilar
name: Gomez, Juan De Dios Zornoza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Dark matter particles accumulating in astrophysical environments can be indirectly searched through their annihilation into neutrinos. Both ANTARES and IceCube have conducted independent searches for WIMPs in the Galactic Centre, obtaining comparable limits in the WIMP mass range 50 GeV/c$^2$ -- 1 TeV/c$^2$. We performed a combined likelihood analysis of the two data samples, upon agreement for data exchange between the collaborations. Four annihilation channels ($\tau^+\tau^-$, $b\bar{b}$, $\mu^+\mu^-$, $W^+W^-$) and two halo profiles (Navarro-Frenk-White, Burkert) were consided. No dark matter signal was found unblinding the joint ANTARES and IceCube data set; combined limits are better up to a factor 2 with respect with the stand-alone ones. This work has also permitted to unify the analysis techniques towards a common benchmark, relevant with the advent of the next-generation IceCube Gen-2 and KM3NeT, in construction in the Mediterranean Sea.
BUDJET TASHKILOTLARIDA ICHKI AUDIT FAOLIYATINING NAZARIY VA AMALIY JIHATLARI
Creators: name: Ermatov, Azamat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Mazkur maqolada budjet tashkilotlarida ichki audit faoliyatini yuiritishning ilmiy-nazariy va amaliy xususiyatlari haqida fikr-mulohazalar yuritilgan.
The Electron Capture in Ho-163 experiment - ECHo
Creators: name: Reifenberger, Andreas
name: Ahrens, Felix
name: Johnston, Karl
name: Blaum, Klaus
name: Eliseev, Sergey
name: Stora, Thierry
name: Karcher, Nick
name: Hengstler, Daniel
name: Velte, Clemens
name: Richter, Daniel
name: Schuessler, Rima
name: Dorrer, Holger
name: Wendt, Klaus
name: Wegner, Mathias
name: Novikov, Yuri
name: Hammann, Robert
name: Gastaldo, Loredana
name: Mantegazzini, Federica
name: Duellmann, Christoph E.
name: Fleischmann, Andreas
name: Enss, Christian
name: Jochum, Josef
name: Haverkort, Maurits
name: Goeggelmann, Alexander
name: Kneip, Nina
name: Koester, Ulli
name: Brass, Martin
name: Sander, Oliver
name: Door, Menno
name: Rischka, Alexander
name: Weber, Marc
name: Rothe, Sebastian
name: Wickenhaeuser, Tom
name: Marsh, Bruce
name: Kempf, Sebastian
name: Barth, Arnulf
name: Kieck, Tom
name: Schweiger, Christoph
name: Filianin, Pavel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The goal for the ECHo experiment is the determination of the effective electron neutrino mass by analyzing the electron capture (EC) spectrum of $^{163}$Ho. Metallic magnetic calorimeters enclosing $^{163}$Ho, achieved very good performance to conduct such an experiment. During the first phase of the experiment, ECHo-1k, the detector production and the implantation process of high purity $^{163}$Ho have been optimized. Large detector arrays have been developed, featuring energy resolution below 5eV and activity of about 1Bq per pixel. High statistics and high resolution $^{163}$Ho spectra have been acquired and analyzed in light of new theoretical description of the spectral shape, considering the independently determined Q$_{\mathrm{EC}}$-value, and a dedicated background model. In this contribution, we present preliminary results obtained in the first phase of ECHo. At the same time, we discuss the necessary upgrades towards the second phase of the experiment, ECHo-100k.
Survival after biventricular assist device implantation: an analysis of the Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support database.
Creators: name: Cleveland, Joseph C.
name: Naftel, David C.
name: T. Brett  Reece
name: Murray, Margaret
name: Antaki, James
name: Pagani, Francis D.
name: Kirklin, James K.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: BACKGROUND: Patients requiring biventricular assist device (BiVAD) for mechanical circulatory support (MCS) have substantially worse outcomes than patients requiring left VAD (LVAD) support only. Patient-specific risk factors have yet to be consistently identified in a large, multicenter registry, which may underlie the poorer outcomes for BiVAD patients. The Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) is a registry of U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved durable MCS devices used for bridge-to-transplantation, destination therapy, or recovery. The purposes of this study were to 1) identify the underlying pre-implant characteristics of the population requiring BiVAD support that contribute to reduced survival, and 2) identify differences in postoperative outcomes with respect to adverse events compared with patients supported with LVAD alone.
METHODS: From June 2006 to September 2009, 1,646 patients were entered into the INTERMACS database in which adverse events and outcomes were recorded for primary implants with LVAD or BiVAD. Competing outcomes methodology was used to estimate the time-related probability of death, transplant, or recovery. Overall survival for all groups was analyzed with Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox proportional regression analysis.
RESULTS: The distribution of primary device implants included 1,440 LVADs and 206 BiVADs. BiVAD patients presented with a lower INTERMACS profile 93% in INTERMACS 1 or 2, compared with 73% for LVAD patients (p < 0.001). Survival at 6 months was 86% for LVADs and 56% for BiVADs (p < .0001). Adverse event rates, expressed as episodes/100 patient-months for the BiVAD group compared with LVAD, were significantly higher for infection (33.2 vs 14.3), bleeding (71.6 vs 15.5), neurologic events (7.9 vs 2.6), and for device failure (4.9 vs 2.0).
CONCLUSIONS: Patients requiring BiVAD support at the time of durable MCS implant are more critically ill at the time of MCS implant. BiVAD patients experience worse survival than patients supported with LVAD alone and higher rates of serious adverse events. Characteristics of the population present at the time of BiVAD implant likely influence post-implant MCS outcomes.
Electron-scattering form factors for 6Li in the ab initio symmetry-guided framework
Creators: name: Dytrych, T.
name: Hayes, A. C.
name: Launey, K. D.
name: Draayer, J. P.
name: Maris, P.
name: Vary, J. P.
name: Langr, D.
name: Oberhuber, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an ab initio symmetry-adapted no-core shell-model description for $^{6}$Li. We study the structure of the ground state of $^{6}$Li and the impact of the symmetry-guided space selection on the charge density components for this state in momentum space, including the effect of higher shells. We accomplish this by investigating the electron scattering charge form factor for momentum transfers up to $q \sim 4$ fm$^{-1}$. We demonstrate that this symmetry-adapted framework can achieve significantly reduced dimensions for equivalent large shell-model spaces while retaining the accuracy of the form factor for any momentum transfer. These new results confirm the previous outcomes for selected spectroscopy observables in light nuclei, such as binding energies, excitation energies, electromagnetic moments, E2 and M1 reduced transition probabilities, as well as point-nucleon matter rms radii.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures; accepted to Physical Review C
Detecting Supernova Neutrinos using the DUNE Photon Detection System
Creators: name: Biswaranjan Behera
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The photon detection system (PDS) is a subsystem of the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE). It is an integral part of the DUNE detector whose primary task is to measure the scintillation light signal and use it to determine the time of occurrence of non-beam events. The photon detection system will also provide a complementary measurement of the deposited energy, and can contribute to triggering. This poster will report on simulation-based analyses of how neutrinos from supernova neutrino bursts can be detected using the DUNE photon detection system.
The importance of dQ/dt on the flow field in a turbodynamic pump with pulsatile flow.
Creators: name: Fangjun  Shu
name: Vandenberghe, Stijn
name: Antaki, James
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Fluid dynamic analysis of turbodynamic blood pumps (TBPs) is often conducted under steady flow conditions. However, the preponderance of clinical applications for ventricular assistance involves unsteady, pulsatile flow-due to the residual contractility of the native heart. This study was undertaken to demonstrate the importance of pulsatility and the associated time derivative of the flow rate (dQ/dt) on hemodynamics within a clinical-scale TBP. This was accomplished by performing flow visualization studies on a transparent model of a centrifugal TBP interposed within a cardiovascular simulator with controllable heart rate and stroke volume. Particle image velocimetry triggered to both the rotation angle of the impeller and phase of the cardiac cycle was used to quantify the velocity field in the outlet volute and in between the impeller blades for 16 phases of the cardiac cycle. Comparison of the unsteady flow fields to corresponding steady conditions at the same (instantaneous) flow rates revealed marked differences. In particular, deceleration of flow was found to promote separation within the outlet diffuser, while acceleration served to stabilize the velocity field. The notable differences between the acceleration and deceleration phases illustrated the prominence of inertial fluid forces. These studies emphasize the importance of dQ/dt as an independent variable for thorough preclinical validation of TBPs intended for use as a ventricular assist device.
A qualitative study exploring perceived barriers and enablers to fidelity of training and delivery for an intervention to reduce non-indicated imaging for low back pain
Creators: name: To, Daphne
name: De Carvalho, Diana
name: Pike, Andrea
name: Lawrence, Rebecca
name: Etchegary, Holly
name: Patey, Andrea M.
name: TOOMEY, ELAINE
name: Hall, Amanda
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background Non-specifc low back pain (LBP) commonly presents to primary care, where inappropriate use of imaging remains common despite guideline recommendations against its routine use. Little is known about strategies to enhance intervention fdelity (i.e., whether interventions were implemented as intended) for interventions developed to reduce non-indicated imaging for LBP. Objectives We aim to inform the development of an intervention to reduce non-indicated imaging among general practitioners (GPs) and chiropractors in Newfoundland and Labrador (NL), Canada. The study objectives are: [1] To explore perceived barriers and enablers to enhancing fdelity of training of GPs and chiropractors to deliver a proposed intervention to reduce non-indicated imaging for LBP and [2] to explore perceived barriers and enablers to enhancing fdelity of delivery of the proposed intervention.Methods An exploratory, qualitative study was conducted with GPs and chiropractors in NL. The interview guide was informed by the National Institutes of Health Behavior Change Consortium fdelity checklist; data analysis was guided by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). Participant quotes were coded into TDF domains, belief statements were generated at each domain, and domains reevant to enhancing fdelity of provider training or intervention delivery were identifed. Results The study included fve GPs and five chiropractors from urban and rural settings. Barriers and enablers to enhancing fdelity to provider training related to seven TDF domains: [1] Beliefs about capabilities, [2] Optimism, [3] Reinforcement, [4] Memory, attention, and decision processes, [5] Environmental context and resources, [6] Emotion, and [7] Behavioural regulation. Barriers and enablers to enhancing fdelity to intervention delivery related to seven TDF domains: [1] Beliefs about capabilities, [2] Optimism, [3] Goals, [4] Memory, attention, and decision processes, [5] Environmental context and resources, [6] Social infuences, and [7] Behavioural regulation. Conclusion The largest perceived barrier to attending training was time; perceived enablers were incentives and fexible training. Patient pressure, time, and established habits were perceived barriers to delivering the intervention as intended. Participants suggested enhancement strategies to improve their ability to deliver the intervention as intended, including reminders and check-ins with researchers. Most participants perceived intervention fdelity as important. These results may aid in the development of a more feasible and pragmatic intervention to reduce non-indicated imaging for GPs and chiropractors in NL
Do $ΞΞ$ bound states exist?
Creators: name: Haidenbauer, J.
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
name: Petschauer, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of baryon-baryon bound states in the strangeness sector is examined in the framework of SU(3) chiral effective field theory. Specifically, the role of SU(3) symmetry breaking contact terms that arise at next-to-leading order in the employed Weinberg power counting scheme is explored. We focus on the 1S0 partial wave and on baryon-baryon channels with maximal isospin since in this case there are only two independent SU(3) symmetry breaking contact terms. At the same time, those are the channels where most of the bound states have been predicted in the past. Utilizing $pp$ phase shifts and $Σ^+ p$ cross section data allows us to pin down one of the SU(3) symmetry breaking contact terms and a clear indication for the decrease of attraction when going from the NN system to strangeness S=-2 is found, which rules out a bound state for $ΣΣ$ with isospin I=2. Assuming that the trend observed for S=0 to S=-2 is not reversed when going to $ΞΣ$ and $ΞΞ$ makes also bound states in those systems rather unlikely.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
The Role of Porous Media in Modeling Fluid Flow Within Hollow Fiber Membranes of the Total Artificial Lung
Creators: name: Khanafer, Khalil M.
name: Cook, Keith
name: Marafie, Alia
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: A numerical study was conducted to analyze fluid flow within hollow fiber membranes of the artificial lungs. The hollow fiber bundle was approximated using a porous media model. In addition, the transport equations were solved using the finite-element formulation based on the Galerkin method of weighted residuals. Comparisons with previously published work on the basis of special cases were performed and found to be in excellent agreement. A Newtonian viscous fluid model for the blood was used. Different flow models for porous media, such as the Brinkman-extended Darcy model, Darcy's law model, and the generalized flow model, were considered. Results were obtained in terms of streamlines, velocity vectors, and pressure distribution for various Reynolds numbers and Darcy numbers. The results from this investigation showed that the pressure drop across the artificial lung device increased with an increase in the Reynolds number. In addition, the pressure drop was found to increase significantly for small Darcy numbers.
Time-resolved OCT-μPIV: a new microscopic PIV technique for noninvasive depth-resolved pulsatile flow profile acquisition
Creators: name: Chia-Yuan  Chen
name: Prahlad G. Menon
name: Kowalski, William J.
name: Pekkan, Kerem
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: In vivo acquisition of endothelial wall shear stress requires instantaneous depth-resolved whole-field pulsatile flow profile measurements in microcirculation. High-accuracy, quantitative and non-invasive velocimetry techniques are essential for emerging real-time mechano-genomic investigations. To address these research needs, a novel biological flow quantification technique, OCT-μPIV, was developed utilizing high-speed optical coherence tomography (OCT) integrated with microscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (μPIV). This technique offers the unique advantage of simultaneously acquiring blood flow profiles and vessel anatomy along arbitrarily oriented sagittal planes. The process is instantaneous and enables real-time 3D flow reconstruction without the need for computationally intensive image processing compared to state-of-the-art velocimetry techniques. To evaluate the line-scanning direction and speed, four sets of parametric synthetic OCT-μPIV data were generated using an in-house code. Based on this investigation, an in vitro experiment was designed at the fastest scan speed while preserving the region of interest providing the depth-resolved velocity profiles spanning across the width of a micro-fabricated channel. High-agreement with the analytical flow profiles was achieved for different flow rates and seed particle types and sizes. Finally, by employing blood cells as non-invasive seeding particles, in vivo embryonic vascular velocity profiles in multiple vessels were measured in the early chick embryo. The pulsatile flow frequency and peak velocity measurements were also acquired with OCT-μPIV, which agreed well with previous reported values. These results demonstrate the potential utility of this technique to conduct practical microfluidic and non-invasive in vivo studies for embryonic blood flows.
EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT. EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT METHODS AND DECISIONS
Creators: name: Radjabov, Khasan
name: Savronov, Doston
name: Abdullayev, Khurshid
name: Markabayev, Farkhod
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: At present, as in all areas of our republic, major reforms are being implemented in education. The article describes modern methods of education management, management functions and forms based on foreign and local research.
Multiporosity Flow in Fractured Low-Permeability Rocks
Creators: name: Kuhlman, Kristopher L.
name: Malama, Bwalya
name: Heath, Jason E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A multiporosity extension of classical double and triple porosity fractured rock flow models for slightly compressible fluids is presented. The multiporosity model is an adaptation of the multirate solute transport model of Haggerty and Gorelick (1995) to viscous flow in fractured rock reservoirs. It is a generalization of both pseudo-steady-state and transient interporosity flow double porosity models. The model includes a fracture continuum and an overlapping distribution of multiple rock matrix continua, whose fracture-matrix exchange coefficients are specified through a discrete probability mass function. Semi-analytical cylindrically symmetric solutions to the multiporosity mathematical model are developed using the Laplace transform to illustrate its behavior. The multiporosity model presented here is conceptually simple, yet flexible enough to simulate common conceptualizations of double and triple porosity flow. This combination of generality and simplicity makes the multiporosity model a good choice for flow in low-permeability fractured rocks.
description: 5 figures, 3 tables
Variability of computational fluid dynamics solutions for pressure and flow in a giant aneurysm: the ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference CFD Challenge.
Creators: name: Steinman, David A.
name: Yiemeng  Hoi
name: Fahy, Paul
name: Morris, Liam
name: Walsh, Michael T
name: Aristokleous, Nicolas
name: Anayiotos, Andreas S
name: Papaharilaou, Yannis
name: Amirhossein  Arzani
name: Shadden, Shawn C
name: Berg, Philipp
name: Janiga, Gábor
name: Bols, Joris
name: Segers, Patrick
name: Bressloff, Neil W
name: Cibis, Merih
name: Gijsen, Frank H
name: Cito, Salvatore
name: Pallarés, Jordi
name: Browne, Leonard D
name: Costelloe, Jennifer A
name: Lynch, Adrian G
name: Degroote, Joris
name: Vierendeels, Jan
name: Wenyu  Fu
name: Qiao, Aike
name: Hodis, Simona
name: Kallmes, David F
name: Kalsi, Hardeep
name: Long, Quan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Stimulated by a recent controversy regarding pressure drops predicted in a giant aneurysm with a proximal stenosis, the present study sought to assess variability in the prediction of pressures and flow by a wide variety of research groups. In phase I, lumen geometry, flow rates, and fluid properties were specified, leaving each research group to choose their solver, discretization, and solution strategies. Variability was assessed by having each group interpolate their results onto a standardized mesh and centerline. For phase II, a physical model of the geometry was constructed, from which pressure and flow rates were measured. Groups repeated their simulations using a geometry reconstructed from a micro-computed tomography (CT) scan of the physical model with the measured flow rates and fluid properties. Phase I results from 25 groups demonstrated remarkable consistency in the pressure patterns, with the majority predicting peak systolic pressure drops within 8% of each other. Aneurysm sac flow patterns were more variable with only a few groups reporting peak systolic flow instabilities owing to their use of high temporal resolutions. Variability for phase II was comparable, and the median predicted pressure drops were within a few millimeters of mercury of the measured values but only after accounting for submillimeter errors in the reconstruction of the life-sized flow model from micro-CT. In summary, pressure can be predicted with consistency by CFD across a wide range of solvers and solution strategies, but this may not hold true for specific flow patterns or derived quantities. Future challenges are needed and should focus on hemodynamic quantities thought to be of clinical interest.
The Radar Echo Telescope: Theory and Experiment
Creators: name: Prohira, Steven
name: Vries, Krijn De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: We explore a new tool in the ultra-high-energy neutrino detection toolkit: the radar echo method. Starting with the first confirmed observation of a radar echo detection from a high-energy particle cascade in dense media, detected in 2018 during experiment T576 at SLAC, we present a roadmap to take these lab-based experimental results into nature: The Radar Echo Telescope. This will be a first of its kind observatory to detect neutrinos with energies above 10 PeV.
KDAR Neutrino Measurements with JSNS2
Creators: name: Jordan, Johnathon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The J-PARC Sterile Neutrino Search at the J-PARC Spallation Neutron Source (JSNS2) experiment will begin collecting data this year. The physics program of JSNS2 consists of a variety of measurements using decay-at-rest neutrinos produced by the interactions of 3 GeV protons with a mercury target at the J-PARC Material and Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF). In particular, the MLF is the world's most intense source of monoenergetic muon neutrinos from kaon decay at rest (KDAR) which can be used to make neutrino cross section measurements using known-energy neutrinos. JSNS2 is located 24 m from the target and hence is exposed to a large flux of KDAR neutrinos, enabling a rich program of neutrino interaction physics. In this poster, I will describe the status and prospects for KDAR neutrino measurements in JSNS2.
Quark-hadron duality constraints on γZ box corrections to parity-violating elastic scattering
Creators: name: Hall, N. L.
name: Blunden, P. G.
name: Melnitchouk, W.
name: Thomas, A. W.
name: Young, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the interference γZ box corrections to parity-violating elastic electron--proton scattering in the light of the recent observation of quark-hadron duality in parity-violating deep-inelastic scattering from the deuteron, and the approximate isospin independence of duality in the electromagnetic nucleon structure functions down to Q^2 \approx 1 GeV^2. Assuming that a similar behavior also holds for the γZ proton structure functions, we find that duality constrains the γZ box correction to the proton's weak charge to be \Re e\, \square_{γZ}^V = (5.4 \pm 0.4) \times 10^{-3} at the kinematics of the Q_{\text{weak}} experiment. Within the same model we also provide estimates of the γZ corrections for future parity-violating experiments, such as MOLLER at Jefferson Lab and MESA at Mainz.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures. Final version to be published in Phys. Lett. B
The Payload for Ultrahigh Energy Observations (PUEO)
Creators: name: Deaconu, Cosmin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The Payload for Ultrahigh Energy Observations (PUEO) is a proposed balloon-borne NASA mission that will have world-leading sensitivity to the so-far undetected ultrahigh-energy (UHE) neutrino flux at energies above several EeV. PUEO would fly 40 km above the Antarctic continent and seeks to detect the impulsive Askaryan radio emission from the interactions of UHE neutrinos in Antarctic ice. PUEO builds on the experience of the successful ANtarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) program. With additional antennas, improved electronics, and a lower-threshold phased-array trigger, PUEO will have an order of magnitude more reach than ANITA at 10 EeV. PUEO is also sensitive to radio emission from extensive air showers, including upward-going showers initiated by taus from tau-neutrino interactions.
Replication of Parents of Children with High Weight are Viewed as Responsible (2022) BYUI Winter 2023
Creators: name: Ehlana Buchanan
name: Olaveson, Allison
name: Henman, Mathew
name: Wiggins, Bradford J.
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This is an update to our previous registration. Due to the needs of the psychology subject pool, we extended our study to include all participants who complete the study by March 15 at 11:59AM local time. We have not looked at the data collected so far.
A biophysical investigation of recombinant hemoglobins with aromatic B10 mutations in the distal heme pockets.
Creators: name: Wiltrout, Mary Ellen
name: Giovannelli, Janel L.
name: Simplaceanu, Virgil
name: Lukin, Jonathan A.
name: Ho, Nancy T.
name: Ho, Chien
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This study examines the structural and functional effects of amino acid substitutions in the distal side of both the alpha- and beta-chain heme pockets of human normal adult hemoglobin (Hb A). Using our Escherichia coli expression system, we have constructed four recombinant hemoglobins: rHb(alphaL29F), rHb(alphaL29W), rHb(betaL28F), and rHb(betaL28W). The alpha29 and beta28 residues are located in the B10 helix of the alpha- and beta-chains of Hb A, respectively. The B10 helix is significant because of its proximity to the ligand-binding site. Previous work showed the ability of the L29F mutation to inhibit oxidation. rHb(alphaL29W), rHb(betaL28F), and rHb(betaL28W) exhibit very low oxygen affinity and reduced cooperativity compared to those of Hb A, while the previously studied rHb(alphaL29F) exhibits high oxygen affinity. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy indicates that these mutations in the B10 helix do not significantly perturb the alpha(1)beta(1) and alpha(1)beta(2) subunit interfaces, while as expected, the tertiary structures near the heme pockets are affected. Experiments in which visible spectrophotometry was utilized reveal that rHb(alphaL29F) has equivalent or slower rates of autoxidation and azide-induced oxidation than does Hb A, while rHb(alphaL29W), rHb(betaL28F), and rHb(betaL28W) have increased rates. Bimolecular rate constants for NO-induced oxidation have been determined using a stopped-flow apparatus. These findings indicate that amino acid residues in the B10 helix of the alpha- and beta-chains can play different roles in regulating the functional properties and stability of the hemoglobin molecule. These results may provide new insights for designing a new generation of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers.
Improving Planet-Finding Spectrometers
Creators: name: Crepp, Justin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Like the miniaturization of modern computers, next-generation radial velocity instruments will be significantly smaller and more powerful than their predecessors.
description: This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of the AAAS for personal use. The definitive version was published in Science on 14 November 2014, Vol. 346, #6211. Published version available from http://www.sciencemag.org
title: 'It’s all about you' : the hopelessness of labels for young people and the workforce in secure and residential care
Creators: name: Urquhart-Stewart, Rosie
name: Wylie, Nicola
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2021

description: Practitioners and policy makers have become increasingly aware of the importance of language used around children and young people within the care system. Existing research on young people and labels largely focuses on the impact of diagnostic labelling. More general explorations of how care experienced young people perceive labels calls for in-depth qualitative enquiry. This study aimed to elucidate how young people and the workforce experience labels in a secure and residential service using grounded theory and ethnographic methods. Researchers were full-time psychology staff within the host organisation with an already established nurturing relationship with participants which allowed for a rich view of their shared experience. The study finds that young people and the adults working to support them perceive that much of the everyday language they experience are labels which they often regard as negative and not conducive to empowerment. The findings provide insight into the issues within the Scottish care system and present an opportunity for improvement with the need for minimal resources.
A disinhibitory microcircuit initiates critical-period plasticity in the visual cortex.
Creators: name: Kuhlman, Sandra
name: Olivas, Nicholas D.
name: Tring, Elaine
name: Taruna  Ikrar
name: Xiangmin  Xu
name: Trachtenberg, Joshua T.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Early sensory experience instructs the maturation of neural circuitry in the cortex. This has been studied extensively in the primary visual cortex, in which loss of vision to one eye permanently degrades cortical responsiveness to that eye, a phenomenon known as ocular dominance plasticity (ODP). Cortical inhibition mediates this process, but the precise role of specific classes of inhibitory neurons in ODP is controversial. Here we report that evoked firing rates of binocular excitatory neurons in the primary visual cortex immediately drop by half when vision is restricted to one eye, but gradually return to normal over the following twenty-four hours, despite the fact that vision remains restricted to one eye. This restoration of binocular-like excitatory firing rates after monocular deprivation results from a rapid, although transient, reduction in the firing rates of fast-spiking, parvalbumin-positive (PV) interneurons, which in turn can be attributed to a decrease in local excitatory circuit input onto PV interneurons. This reduction in PV-cell-evoked responses after monocular lid suture is restricted to the critical period for ODP and appears to be necessary for subsequent shifts in excitatory ODP. Pharmacologically enhancing inhibition at the time of sight deprivation blocks ODP and, conversely, pharmacogenetic reduction of PV cell firing rates can extend the critical period for ODP. These findings define the microcircuit changes initiating competitive plasticity during critical periods of cortical development. Moreover, they show that the restoration of evoked firing rates of layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons by PV-specific disinhibition is a key step in the progression of ODP.
An efficient semi-Lagrangian algorithm for simulation of corona discharges: the position-state separation method
Creators: name: Liu, Lipeng
name: Becerra, Marley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An efficient algorithm without flux correction for simulation of corona discharges is proposed. The algorithm referred to as the position-state separation method (POSS) is used to solve convection-dominated continuity equations commonly present in corona discharges modelling. The proposed solution method combines an Eulerian scheme for the solution of the convective acceleration, the diffusion and the reaction subproblems, and a Lagrangian scheme for the solution of the linear convection subproblem. Several classical numerical experiments in different dimensions and coordinate systems are conducted to demonstrate the excellent performance of POSS regarding low computational cost, robustness, and high-resolution. It is shown that the time complexity of the method when dealing with the convection of charged particles increases linearly with the number of unknowns. For the simulation of corona discharges where local electric fields do not change strongly in time, the time step of POSS could be much larger than the CFL time step. These special features enable POSS to have great potential in modeling of corona discharges in long interelectrode gaps and for long simulation times.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Volume: PP, Issue: 99, 2016
Cherenkov/scintillation separation and performance of water-based liquid scintillator detectors.
Creators: name: Smiley, Max
name: Caravaca, Javier
name: Gann, Gabriel Orebi
name: Land, Benjamin
name: Bagdasarian, Zara
name: Bourret, Edith
name: Moretti, Federico
name: Minfang Yeh
name: Onken, Drew
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Water-based liquid scintillator is a promising scintillation medium that would enable construction of very large scale (tens of kilotonnes) optical detectors and with enhanced separation of Cherenkov and scintillation light. This technology could yield the first large-scale scintillator detector with direction reconstruction capabilities and unprecedented particle identification. This would boost sensitivity to a wide range of physics topics, including 0νββ searches and solar neutrinos. In this poster, we present results from the characterization of water-based liquid scintillator. This is used to build a Monte Carlo model in order to predict its performance in large scale detectors. We demonstrate and quantify the separation of Cherenkov and scintillation light using cosmic muons and use it to validate our Monte Carlo model. Using this model, we estimate performance of a large-scale water-based liquid scintillator in the context of low energy neutrino physics.
New memory devices based on the proton transfer process
Creators: name: Wierzbowska, Malgorzata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Memory devices operating due to the fast proton transfer (PT) process are proposed by means of the first-principles calculations. Writing an information is performed using the electrostatic potential of the scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Reading an information is based on the effect of the local magnetization induced at the zigzag graphene nanoribbon (Z-GNR) edge - saturated with oxygen or the hydroxy group - and can be realized with the use of the giant magnetoresistance (GMR), magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) or spin-transfer torque (STT) devices. The energetic barriers for the hop-forward and -backward processes can be tuned by the distance and potential of the STM tip. Thus, enabling to tailor the non-volatile logic states. The proposed system enables very dense packing of the logic cells and could be used in the random access and flash memory devices.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Z-portal dark matter
Creators: name: Arcadi, Giorgio
name: Mambrini, Yann
name: Richard, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to generalize the extensions of the Standard Model where the $Z$ boson serves as a mediator between the Standard Model sector and the dark sector $χ$. We show that, like in the Higgs portal case, the combined constraints from the recent direct searches restrict severely the nature of the coupling of the dark matter to the $Z$ boson and set a limit $m_χ\gtrsim 200$ GeV (except in a very narrow region around the $Z-$pole region). Using complementarity between spin dependent, spin independent and FERMI limits, we predict the nature of this coupling, more specifically the axial/vectorial ratio that respects a thermal dark matter coupled through a $Z$-portal while not being excluded by the current observations. We also show that the next generation of experiments of the type LZ or XENON1T will test Z-portal scenario for dark matter mass up to 2 TeV. The condition of a thermal dark matter naturally predicts the spin--dependent scattering cross section on the neutron to be $σ^{SD}_{χn} \simeq 10^{-40} \mrm{cm^2}$, which then becomes a clear prediction of the model and a signature testable in the near future experiments.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Synthetically encoded ultrashort-channel nanowire transistors for fast, pointlike cellular signal detection.
Creators: name: Itzhaq Cohen-Karni
name: Casanova, Didier
name: Cahoon, James F.
name: Qing, Quan
name: Bell, David C.
name: Lieber, Charles M.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Nanostructures, which have sizes comparable to biological functional units involved in cellular communication, offer the potential for enhanced sensitivity and spatial resolution compared to planar metal and semiconductor structures. Silicon nanowire (SiNW) field-effect transistors (FETs) have been used as a platform for biomolecular sensors, which maintain excellent signal-to-noise ratios while operating on lengths scales that enable efficient extra- and intracellular integration with living cells. Although the NWs are tens of nanometers in diameter, the active region of the NW FET devices typically spans micrometers, limiting both the length and time scales of detection achievable with these nanodevices. Here, we report a new synthetic method that combines gold-nanocluster-catalyzed vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) and vapor-solid-solid (VSS) NW growth modes to produce synthetically encoded NW devices with ultrasharp (<5 >nm) n-type highly doped (n(++)) to lightly doped (n) transitions along the NW growth direction, where n(++) regions serve as source/drain (S/D) electrodes and the n-region functions as an active FET channel. Using this method, we synthesized short-channel n(++)/n/n(++) SiNW FET devices with independently controllable diameters and channel lengths. SiNW devices with channel lengths of 50, 80, and 150 nm interfaced with spontaneously beating cardiomyocytes exhibited well-defined extracellular field potential signals with signal-to-noise values of ca. 4 independent of device size. Significantly, these "pointlike" devices yield peak widths of ∼500 μs, which is comparable to the reported time constant for individual sodium ion channels. Multiple FET devices with device separations smaller than 2 μm were also encoded on single SiNWs, thus enabling multiplexed recording from single cells and cell networks with device-to-device time resolution on the order of a few microseconds. These short-channel SiNW FET devices provide a new opportunity to create nanoscale biomolecular sensors that operate on the length and time scales previously inaccessible by other techniques but necessary to investigate fundamental, subcellular biological processes.
The star formation history inferred from long gamma-ray bursts with high pseudo-redshifts
Creators: name: Tan, Wei-Wei
name: Cao, Xiao-Feng
name: Yu, Yun-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By employing a simple semi-analytical star formation model where the formation rates of Population (Pop) I/II and III stars can be calculated, respectively, we account for the number distribution of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with high pseudo-redshifts that was derived from an empirical luminosity-indictor relationship. It is suggested that a considerable number of Pop III GRBs could exist in the present sample of Swift GRBs. By further combining the implication for the star formation history from the optical depth of the CMB photons, it is also suggested that only a very small fraction 0.6% of Pop III GRBs could have triggered the Swift BAT. These results could provide an useful basis for estimating future detectability of Pop III stars and their produced transient phenomena.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in New Astronomy