cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supernova Driving. I. The Origin of Molecular Cloud Turbulence
Creators: name: Padoan, Paolo
name: Pan, Liubin
name: Haugboelle, Troels
name: Nordlund, Ake
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulence is ubiquitous in molecular clouds (MCs), but its origin is still unclear because MCs are usually assumed to live longer than the turbulence dissipation time. Interstellar medium (ISM) turbulence is likely driven by SN explosions, but it has never been demonstrated that SN explosions can establish and maintain a turbulent cascade inside MCs consistent with the observations. In this work, we carry out a simulation of SN-driven turbulence in a volume of (250 pc)$^3$, specifically designed to test if SN driving alone can be responsible for the observed turbulence inside MCs. We find that SN driving establishes a velocity scaling consistent with the usual scaling laws of supersonic turbulence, suggesting that previous idealized simulations of MC turbulence, driven with a random, large-scale volume force, were correctly adopted as appropriate models for MC turbulence, despite the artificial driving. We also find that the same scaling laws extend to the interior of MCs, and that the velocity-size relation of the MCs selected from our simulation is consistent with that of MCs from the Outer-Galaxy Survey, the largest MC sample available. The mass-size relation and the mass and size probability distributions also compare successfully with those of the Outer Galaxy Survey. Finally, we show that MC turbulence is super-Alfvénic with respect to both the mean and rms magnetic-field strength. We conclude that MC structure and dynamics are the natural result of SN-driven turbulence.
description: ApJ, in press
title: Motherhood and career progression towards secondary school headship in England and Wales - A life history study
Creators: name: Facey, Simone
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2023

description: Over the past thirty years, growing societal debates about gender, equality and school improvement have generated increasing research interest in the areas of female secondary school leadership, career progression and motherhood; and how these factors relate to teacher recruitment, retention and wellbeing. Although there are some studies in these separate areas, there is limited focus on how these elements combine. This research aims to address this gap by exploring the experiences and perceptions of middle and senior leaders who are aspiring towards secondary school headship and are also mothers of young children. A life history approach was used to frame the research design. Seven teachers, who are mothers and currently employed in England or Wales, participated in the study. The data were generated through three rounds of semi-structured Skype interviews conducted across the 2018-2019 school year. The interview process was structured and enriched by including the participants’ timelines, photo-journals and significant personal artefacts. Structuration theory’s duality of structure and the feminist concept of intersectionality were used to build the conceptual framework for this research and underpin a thematic analysis approach. The research findings provide a nuanced and in-depth understanding of the very close interaction between the participants’ personal and professional lives and how they negotiate the challenges experienced from these two dimensions to shape their agency and career decisions. This understanding also includes how the participants perceived a variety of experiences impacting their career progression, such as discrimination during pregnancy and maternity leave and on job interviews, relational leadership interactions with their line managers and headteachers, and unexpected opportunities for continued professional development and reflection while on maternity leave. The findings also emphasise the important role that the structures and cultures of the British secondary school system play in enabling and constraining the career progression of school leaders who are mothers. Key words – women teachers’ career progression, motherhood, school leadership, intersectionality, duality of structure
Comments on the Nekrasov-type formula for E-string theory
Creators: name: Ishii, Takenori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalise our previous result\cite{13} to cases with three and four Wilson lines. We show that the Nekrasov-type formula for E-string theory is valid for those cases and the Seiberg-Witten curves are reproduced from the formula. In addition, we show the dependence of the Seiberg-Witten curve on the Wilson lines.
description: 15 pages, to appear in PTEP
Semiclassical theory of persistent current fluctuations in ballistic chaotic rings
Creators: name: Brouwer, Piet W.
name: Danon, Jeroen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The persistent current in a mesoscopic ring has a Gaussian distribution with small non-Gaussian corrections. Here we report a semiclassical calculation of the leading non-Gaussian correction, which is described by the three-point correlation function. The semiclassical approach is applicable to systems in which the electron dynamics is ballistic and chaotic, and includes the dependence on the Ehrenfest time. At small but finite Ehrenfest times, the non-Gaussian fluctuations are enhanced with respect to the limit of zero Ehrenfest time.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures; submitted as invited contribution to a special issue in Physica E in memory of Markus Buettiker
MS Gr. class. c. 6 1276
Creators: name: Oxyrhynchus Papyri
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470316
subject: Latin and classical Greek languages

description: P.Herc. 1485 fr. 5. Philodemus, Ad ... 1
Drawing by Giuseppe Casanova
A single-dose intranasal live-attenuated codon deoptimized vaccine provides broad protection against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants
Creators: name: Ponsekaran, Santhakumar
name: Aavula, Shukra Madhaha
name: Mahalingam, Suresh
name: Taylor, Adam
name: Pattnaik, Priyabrata
name: Lingala, Rajendra
name: Merits, Andres
name: Taft-Benz, Sharon A.
name: Cheng, Samuel M. S.
name: Ashhurst, Thomas M.
name: Ling, Zheng L.
name: Burt, Felicity J.
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Dua, Ujjwal
name: Peiris, Malik
name: Anderson, Elizabeth
name: Zaid, Ali
name: Mani, Priyanka
name: Zusinaite, Eva
name: Liu, Xiang
name: Gorriparthi, Sambaiah
name: Yerragunta, Venugopal
name: Wang, Sainan
name: Ng, Wern Hann
name: Lello, Laura Sandra
name: Nimmagadda, Sridevi V.
name: Bonda, Rama Lakshmi
name: Freitas, Joseph
name: Sarkar, Sanjay
name: Kanakasapapathy, Anand Kumar
name: Baxter, Victoria K.
name: King, Nicholas J. C.
name: Heise, Mark T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) continues its significant health and economic impact globally. Despite the success of spike-protein vaccines in preventing severe disease, long-lasting protection against emerging variants and the prevention of breakthrough infections and transmission remain elusive. We generate an intranasal live-attenuated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, CDO-7N-1, using codon deoptimization. CDO-7N-1 shows highly attenuated replication and minimal or no lung pathology in vivo over multiple passages. It induces robust mucosal and systemic neutralizing antibody and T-cell subset responses, in mice (female K18-hACE2 and male HFH4-hACE2 mice), hamsters, and macaques triggered by a single immunization. Mice and hamsters vaccinated with CDO-7N-1 are protected from challenge with wild-type (WT) SARS-CoV-2 and other variants of concern. Serum from vaccinated animals neutralizes WT SARS-CoV-2, variants of concern (beta and delta), variants of interest (omicron XBB.1.5) and SARS-CoV-1. Antibody responses are sustained and enhanced by repeated immunization or infection with WT SARS-CoV-2. Immunity against all SARS-CoV-2 proteins by CDO-7N-1 should improve efficacy against future SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Equilibrium Phase Behavior of a Continuous-Space Microphase Former
Creators: name: Zhuang, Yuan
name: Zhang, Kai
name: Charbonneau, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Periodic microphases universally emerge in systems for which short-range inter-particle attraction is frustrated by long-range repulsion. The morphological richness of these phases makes them desirable material targets, but our relatively coarse understanding of even simple models limits our grasp of their assembly. We report here the solution of the equilibrium phase behavior of a microscopic microphase former through specialized Monte Carlo simulations. The results for the ordered regime qualitatively agree with a Landau-type free energy description and highlight the nontrivial dynamical interplay between micelle, gel and microphase formation.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Implementing Mobile Health Records in Low-Resource Settings
Creators: name: Sanka, Gautam
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The gradual adoption of electronic medical records (EMR) in resource rich nations has been a challenging task but one that has improved the quality of health care and reduced medical errors. Creating large scale EMR systems is still difficult for medical facilities in developed nations but even more of a lofty goal for developing countries where resources are scarce and the infrastructure is still in its infancy. In developed countries, there is no one correct implementation of EMR systems and they were built to suit the needs of specific medical facilities. Likewise, it is impossible to suggest a single EMR system that would fit all contexts in developing countries. Thus, this paper focuses on low resource settings in developing countries where there is limited infrastructure and resources.
Observations from the East Texas seismic network (June 1981-August 1982)
Creators: name: Pennington, Wayne D.
name: Carlson, Steven M.
Publisher: name: University of Texas at Austin. Bureau of Economic Geology
Year: 1984
Subjects: Earthquakes -- Texas
Seismology -- Texas

description: Bureau Publication GC8403 - to purchase a print copy please go to: https://store.beg.utexas.edu/geologic-circulars/480-gc8403.html
description: Several microearthquake recording stations were operated as a network in the East Texas Basin beginning in June 1981. At least six certain and two probable earthquakes as well as hundreds of events of undetermined origin were recorded through August 1982. Three of the earthquakes were felt by people in East Texas, including one earthquake and an aftershock at Jacksonville and one earthquake near Center. The Jacksonville earthquake and the Center earthquake were recorded at enough stations to be located instrumentally. Another aftershock near Jacksonville and an earthquake near the town of Mount Enterprise were apparently not felt but were located from instrumental recordings. Yet another Jacksonville aftershock was neither felt nor recorded at enough stations to be located but can be identified from the character of the waveform and relative arrival times at two stations. In addition, two other events were recorded at one station but were not felt and cannot be located; from the character of their waveforms, they appear to be earthquakes near the network. These earthquakes cannot be assigned to any one fault in East Texas, and their depths are not well constrained. They occurred near the Mount Enterprise fault system along a 90-km segment and may represent activity along that fault system, along nearby secondary faults, or both.
Hidden in plain sight. The Philosopher's Star.
Creators: name: Gata Trigaza, Sergio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: magic squares
magic stars
recreational mathematics
alchemy
magic square
magic star
pentagonal magic star

description: Much of alchemical knowledge will remain hidden forever. However, the written legacy that has reached us today continues to feed the imagination of historians, scientists and scholars around the world. It is this legacy that has allowed for the discovery of a magic star of order 5 composed of the numbers 1 to 9, repeating the number 5 only once. Despite the fact that there are no perfect order 5 stars, in the eyes of this author this solution is more perfect than existing solutions to date. Furthermore, a new construction method of pentagonal magic stars has been devised, based on magic squares of order 3. In honor of the work of the alchemists who inspired this discovery, we have named these stars Philosopher's Stars. In future works, the connection between magic squares and stars of higher orders will be explored in depth.
description: The author would like to acknowledge the insightful comments of Ms. Agata Gris Ergotiza.
description: {"references": ["Ellis, E. V. (2015). Geomantic (Re) Creation: Magic Squares and Claude Bragdon's Theosophic Architecture. Architecture and Mathematics from Antiquity to the Future: Volume II: The 1500s to the Future, 289-303.", "Karpenko, V. (1994). Two thousand years of numerical magic squares. Endeavour, 18(4), 147-152.", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_star", "http://recmath.org/Magic%20Squares/magicstar_def.htm", "Andrews, W. S. (1915). Magic Stars. The Monist, 25(1), 145-156", "Andrews, W. S. (1917). Magic squares and cubes. Open Court Publishing Company", "Ellis, E. V. (2001). Lo Shu, Window to the World of the Wondrous: Bragdon, Lissitzky, Malevich", "For\u00eat, P., & Kaplony, A. (Eds.). (2008). The journey of maps and images on the Silk Road (Vol. 21). Brill", "Tolsa, C. (2020). The earliest Arabic magic squares. Suhayl. International Journal for the History of the Exact and Natural Sciences in Islamic Civilisation, 7-24.", "Stapleton, H. E. (1953). The antiquity of alchemy. Ambix, 5(1-2), 1-43"]}
Methanol Mediated Living Cationic Polymerization of 4-Methoxystyrene via an Oxonium Intermediate
Creators: name: Liffland, Stephanie R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Herein we report a metal-free, acid initiated living cationic polymerization of 4-
methoxystyrene mediated by a methanol additive.
MS Gr. class. c. 6 1277
Creators: name: Oxyrhynchus Papyri
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470316
subject: Latin and classical Greek languages

description: P.Herc. 1485 fr. 6. Philodemus, Ad ... 1
Drawing by Giuseppe Casanova
Breakdown of Anderson localization in the transport of Bose-Einstein condensates through one-dimensional disordered potentials
Creators: name: Dujardin, Julien
name: Engl, Thomas
name: Schlagheck, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transport of an interacting Bose--Einstein condensate through a 1D correlated disorder potential. We use for this purpose the truncated Wigner method, which is, as we show, corresponding to the diagonal approximation of a semiclassical van Vleck-Gutzwiller representation of this many-body transport process. We also argue that semiclassical corrections beyond this diagonal approximation are vanishing under disorder average, thus confirming the validity of the truncated Wigner method in this context. Numerical calculations show that, while for weak atom-atom interaction strength Anderson localization is preserved with a slight modification of the localization length, for larger interaction strenghts a crossover to a delocalized regime exists due to inelastic scattering. In this case, the transport is fully incoherent.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Mapping land potential / tracking land degradation using EO data
Creators: name: Hackländer, Julia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: open data
land degradation
primary production
land monitoring

description: While land is increasingly degrading, robust monitoring approaches are required to identify land degradation processes and to ultimately tackle those. Primary production is one of the key indicators for determining impacts of land degradation, which can be approximated by different parameters such as fPAR, the fraction of absorbed radiation, or more directly, gross primary productivity (GPP). Previous work has mapped primary productivity globally at coarse resolution, however, drivers behind land degradation, such as agriculture or grazing, might be missed unless mapped at fine-scale resolution. Hence, spatially continuous high resolution maps are needed for a more accurate monitoring of land degradation. Land degradation can be monitored by comparing the state not only to the immediate past and the surrounding, but also to its potential. This potential can be derived from data on pre-industrial times or from ecologically similar regions under nature protection. To identify degradation dynamics, in this research the gap between actual and potential primary productivity will be evaluated globally. Different approaches to model GPP from earth observation data will be evaluated by comparing empirical light-use efficiency models with machine learning and hybrid approaches. Based on primary productivity time series analyses, the current and past resilience of ecosystems to abrupt and gradual disturbances will be evaluated to identify the most fragile ones and the impact on biodiversity.
Evaluating Practices for Teaching Civics Education in Adult ESL Classrooms
Creators: name: Kaneria, Krupa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Research has found that there is a strong relationship between civics education and civic engagement. Effective civics education instruction in adult ESL program not only teaches English language learners about the workings of the social and political institutions in the United States, but it also emphasizes the importance of community and civic engagement. However, there are no existing instructional standards for teaching civics education in adult ESL programs. This prompts the following research questions: Are adult ESL programs in North Carolina using effective practices for teaching civics education? How might these practices be improved? To answer the research questions, data from seven federally funded adult ESL programs were collected and used to determine if these programs are using practices based in research. After analyzing the data, policy recommendations suggest the creation of instructional standards that can improve civics education instruction in these programs.
Data from Swimming with multiple propulsors: measurement and comparison of swimming gaits in three species of neotropical cichlids.
Creators: name: Feilich, Kara
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: caudal fin
subject: cichlids
subject: gait
subject: kinematics
subject: pectoral fin
subject: swimming biomechanics

description: Measurements of body and caudal fin kinematics at a range of speeds for three cichlid species. Data from Feilich, K.L. 2017. Swimming with multiple propulsors: measurement and comparison of swimming gaits in three species of neotropical cichlids. Journal of Experimental Biology. in press. All necessary information is included in the Readme. If you use these data, please cite this data package and the original research article.
MS Gr. class. c. 6 1278
Creators: name: Oxyrhynchus Papyri
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470316
subject: Latin and classical Greek languages

description: P.Herc. 1485 fr. 1. Philodemus, Ad ... 1
Drawing by Giuseppe Casanova
The Impact of Secondary Innovation on Firm Market Value in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Creators: name: Punjabi, Maitri
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: This paper analyzes the effect of the changing nature of innovation on pharmaceutical firm
market value from the years 1987 to 2010 by using U.S. patent and claim data. Over the years,
firms have started shifting focus from primary innovation to secondary innovation as new ideas
and new compounds become more difficult to generate. In this study, we analyze the impact of
this patent portfolio shift on the market capitalization of pharmaceutical firms. After using firm
fixed effects and the instrumental variable approach, we find that there exists a strong positive
relationship between secondary innovations and the market value of the firm– in fact, we find a
stronger relationship than is observed between primary innovation and market value. When
focusing on the different levels of innovation within the industry, we find that this relationship is
stronger for less-innovative firms (those that have produced fewer patents) than it is for highly-innovative
firms. We also find that this relationship is stronger for firms that spend less on
research and development, complementing earlier findings that research productivity is declining
over time.
Periods in a 87 Years Light Curve of the Symbiotic Star MWC 560
Creators: name: Leibowitz, Elia M.
name: Formiggini, Liliana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have constructed a visual light curve of the symbiotic star MWC covering the last 87 years of its history. The data were assembled from the literature and from the AAVSO data bank. Most of the periodic components of the system brightness variation can be accounted for by the operation of 3 basic clocks of the periods P1=19000 d, P2=1943 d and P3=722 d. These periods can plausibly, and consistently with the observations, be attributed to 3 physical mechanisms in the system. They are, respectively, the working of a solar-like magnetic dynamo cycle in the outer layers of the giant star of the system, the binary orbit cycle and the sidereal rotation cycle of the giant star. MWC 560 is the 7th symbiotic star with historical light curves that reveal similar basic characteristics of the systems. The light curves of all these stars are well interpreted on the basis of current understanding of the physical processes that are the major sources of the optical luminosity of these symbiotic systems.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal: 35 pages, including 4 figures and 6 tables
null Rolle der Arginin-Biosynthese bei der Salzstressantwort von Clostridium acetobutylicum
Creators: name: Lehmann, Maria
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 570 Life science

description: Die Salzstressantwort von Clostridium acetobutylicum wurde untersucht, um Schutzsubstanzen und Schlüsselgene zur Erhöhung der Butanolbildung in salzhaltigem Medium zu identifizieren. Arginin zeigte einen positiven Effekt auf das Wachstum unter Salzstress. Die Argininbiosynthese von C. acetobutylicum wurde durch Inaktivierung des entsprechenden Repressors gesteigert und die Butanolbildung signifikant erhöht. Transkriptomdaten zeigten eine Vernetzung der Aminosäurebiosynthesen und Stressantworten in C. acetobutylicum. Dies bietet Ansatzpunkte für die weitere Optimierung der Butanolfermentation.
Electronic nematic correlations in the stress free tetragonal state of BaFe$_{2-x}$Ni$_{x}$As$_{2}$
Creators: name: Man, Haoran
name: Lu, Xingye
name: Chen, Justin S.
name: Zhang, Rui
name: Zhang, Wenliang
name: Luo, Huiqian
name: Kulda, J.
name: Ivanov, A.
name: Keller, T.
name: Morosan, Emilia
name: Si, Qimiao
name: Dai, Pengcheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use transport and neutron scattering to study electronic, structural, and magnetic properties of the electron-doped BaFe$_{2-x}$Ni$_x$As$_2$ iron pnictides in the external stress free detwinned state. Using a specially designed in-situ mechanical detwinning device, we demonstrate that the in-plane resistivity anisotropy observed in the uniaxial strained tetragonal state of BaFe$_{2-x}$Ni$_x$As$_2$ below a temperature $T^\ast$, previously identified as a signature of the electronic nematic phase, is also present in the stress free tetragonal phase below $T^{\ast\ast}$ ($
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Respect thy Neighbor: Actor Incentivization and Equilibria in a Networked Public Goods Model
Creators: name: Friedmann, Lauren
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Traditionally in a public goods model, individuals decide whether or not to contribute to the good based off of the actions of their neighbors, and a pre-determined payoff parameter that will tend to be uniform for all actors in the network. This decision-making process for an individual actor to contribute to a public good has historically been instrumental in providing the theoretical framework for the conservation of public goods. In this study, an existing proposition in the literature claiming that if the absolute value of the minimum eigen-value of the adjacency matrix is less than the inverse of the payoff parameter, then there is a unique Nash equilibrium, is tested. In this process, the condition that one payoff parameter must be utilized for all the agents in the network is relaxed, and is tested on two randomized network models: the Erdos-Renyi and Stochastic Block Models. Then, the existence of both unique and multiple Nash equilibria, and their location as interior or exterior solutions are explored in relation
to the number and range of the different payoff parameters. Utilizing methods ubiquitously utilized in applied mathematics analysis, it becomes apparent that the number of Nash equilibria notably increases once the payoff parameters in the network rise above a threshold value.
Average coherence and its typicality for random pure states
Creators: name: Singh, Uttam
name: Zhang, Lin
name: Pati, Arun Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the generic aspects of quantum coherence guided by the concentration of measure phenomenon. We find the average relative entropy of coherence of pure quantum states sampled randomly from the uniform Haar measure and show that it is typical, i.e., the probability that the relative entropy of coherence of a randomly chosen pure state is not equal to the average relative entropy of coherence (within an arbitrarily small error) is exponentially small in the dimension of the Hilbert space. We find the dimension of a random subspace of the total Hilbert space such that all pure states that reside on it almost always have at least a fixed nonzero amount of the relative entropy of coherence that is arbitrarily close to the typical value of coherence. Further, we show, with high probability, every state (pure or mixed) in this subspace also has the coherence of formation at least equal to the same fixed nonzero amount of the typical value of coherence. Thus, the states from these random subspaces can be useful in the relevant coherence consuming tasks like catalysis in the coherence resource theory. Moreover, we calculate the expected trace distance between the diagonal part of a random pure quantum state and the maximally mixed state, and find that it does not approach to zero in the asymptotic limit. This establishes that randomly chosen pure states are not typically maximally coherent (within an arbitrarily small error). Additionally, we find the lower bound on the relative entropy of coherence for the set of pure states whose diagonal parts are at a fixed most probable distance from the maximally mixed state.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
title: Sea ice surface characterization via semantic segmentation with convolutional neural networks
Creators: name: King, Matthew Peter Ivan
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2022

description: Visual data provides rich information about real-world objects. Computer vision is a substantial and growing field which seeks to distill useful information from photographic imagery. The primary focus of this work centers on the application of machine-learning based computer vision algorithms, along with minor applications of more traditional computer vision techniques. The specific task approached herein is known as semantic segmentation; the methodology by which each region of an image, at an individual pixel level, is assigned a classification from a predetermined set of possible classes. The classes considered in this work are: open water, level ice, broken ice, ridged ice, ice in flexural failure, and an ‘other’ class. Accurate segmentation of these classes is the primary objective of this work. The imagery utilized in this work were captured from two cameras mounted on different piers of the Confederation Bridge during the local ice season. Several hundred of the images collected have been manually labelled and split into training, validation, and testing subsets. These data have been used to train an ensemble of convolutional neural networks. Transfer learning is applied such that the encoder portions of the neural networks have been pretrained on the ImageNet dataset, providing them with the capability to produce meaningful feature maps while significantly reducing the training time required for the overall models to learn the semantic segmentation task at hand.
Scalar particles emission from black holes with topological defects using Hamilton-Jacobi method
Creators: name: Jusufi, Kimet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantum tunneling of charged and uncharged scalar particles from the event horizon of Schwarzschild-de Sitter and Reissner-Nordström-de Sitter black holes pierced by an infinitely long spinning cosmic string and a global monopole. In order to find the Hawking temperature and the tunneling probability we solve the Klein-Gordon equation by using the Hamilton-Jacobi method and WKB approximation. We show that Hawking temperature is independent of the presence of topological defects in both cases.
Damping of MHD turbulence in partially ionized plasma: implications for cosmic ray propagation
Creators: name: Xu, Siyao
name: Yan, Huirong
name: Lazarian, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the damping from neutral-ion collisions of both incompressible and compressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in partially ionized medium. We start from the linear analysis of MHD waves applying both single-fluid and two-fluid treatments. The damping rates derived from the linear analysis are then used in determining the damping scales of MHD turbulence. The physical connection between the damping scale of MHD turbulence and cutoff boundary of linear MHD waves is investigated. Our analytical results are shown to be applicable in a variety of partially ionized interstellar medium (ISM) phases and solar chromosphere. As a significant astrophysical utility, we introduce damping effects to propagation of cosmic rays in partially ionized ISM. The important role of turbulence damping in both transit-time damping and gyroresonance is identified.
description: 29 pages, 16 figures
Development and Management of the Pakistani Nuclear Weapons Program: The Discord Between Civil Authority and the Military
Creators: name: Werk, Emily Ellen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The Pakistani nuclear weapons program represents decades of sacrifice, sanctions
and scientific development. Condemned by the international community and its rival,
India, the program has also been controversial. For Pakistanis, it embodies the resolve of
the Pakistani leadership and scientific community to produce one of the greatest
technological feats of the 21st century: an atomic bomb. However, developing a bomb
was not without its challenges. This thesis analyzes the relationship between civilian
leaders and the military throughout the evolution of the program. While the nuclear
program began under a civilian leader, the program did not remain under civilian control.
This thesis argues that the inability of the Pakistani political system to produce legitimate
democratic leadership led the military to assume de facto responsibility for the nuclear
arsenal and the perceived survival of the nation.
Much of the existing literature agrees that the Pakistani military dictates nuclear
policy, development and management. This thesis analyzes Pakistani civil-military
relations since partition and examines how this relationship between civilian leaders and
military officials influenced the development and management of the nuclear arsenal.
Investigating the historical narrative of Pakistani civil-military relations and the Pakistani
nuclear weapons program is critical to understanding how the military came to possess de
facto control of the arsenal.
This thesis begins at the partition of the British Indian Empire that formed two
separate nations, India and Pakistan, in 1947. The objective of the first chapter is to give
some historical context to the Pakistani security paradigm. The following chapters
examine the conflict between civilian leaders and the military and discuss how this
discord ultimately led to military control of the nuclear weapons program. The final
chapter examines the current de jure nuclear command and control structure with the
Prime Minister as chairman. However, despite the de jure authority of civilian leaders, an
unstable and unreliable political environment led to the military’s de facto control of the
arsenal.
Pointlike reducibility of pseudovarieties of the form $\bf V*\bf D$
Creators: name: Costa, J. C.
name: Nogueira, C.
name: Teixeira, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we investigate the reducibility property of semidirect products of the form $\bf V*\bf D$ relatively to (pointlike) systems of equations of the form $x_1=\cdots=x_n$, where $\bf D$ denotes the pseudovariety of definite semigroups. We establish a connection between pointlike reducibility of $\bf V*\bf D$ and the pointlike reducibility of the pseudovariety $\bf V$. In particular, for the canonical signature $κ$ consisting of the multiplication and the $(ω-1)$-power, we show that $\bf V*\bf D$ is pointlike $κ$-reducible when $\bf V$ is pointlike $κ$-reducible.
CORRELACIÓN ENTRE EL DESEMPEÑO ACADÉMICO Y LOS RESULTADOS DE LAS ESCALAS DE ESTRATEGIAS DE APRENDIZAJE, (ACRA) Y LA EVALUACIÓN DE LA METODOLOGÍA DOCENTE (CEMEDEPU) EN UNA INSTITUCIÓN DE EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR DEL SUR OCCIDENTE COLOMBIANO
Creators: name: Yerovi, Marianita Marroquín
name: Prado, Yaqueline Ureña
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: metodología
estrategias de aprendizaje
estudiantes
competencias

description: La intención de la investigación, ha sido el interés de encontrar respuestas de carácter
 científico a interrogantes planteados alrededor de las causas de bajo rendimiento de
 estudiantes de nivel de pregrado, que debieron habilitar algunas materias. La pregunta de
 investigación ¿Cuál es la relación entre los resultados de la aplicación de las Escalas de
 estrategias de aprendizaje, ACRA aplicada a los estudiantes y del Cuestionario CEMEDEPU,
 respecto de la enseñanza y evaluación de los docentes de una Institución de Educación
 Superior en Colombia? Los objetivos planteados: el objetivo general que implica, determinar
 el nivel de correlación entre el rendimiento académico y los resultados de la aplicación de
 las “Escalas de estrategias de aprendizaje, -ACRA- y la evaluación de la metodología
 docente a través del Cuestionario CEMEDEPU en una Institución de Educación Superior en
 Colombia, y los propósitos de la investigación: Evaluar las estrategias de aprendizaje por
 estudiantes, según las Escalas ACRA. Evaluar la metodología docente de los profesores,
 según “Cuestionario CEMEDEPU” Establecer el nivel de correlación del rendimiento
 académico de los estudiantes con las estrategias de aprendizaje y metodología docente. La
 metodología es mixta con datos cuantitativos y datos cualitativos. Los principales hallazgos,
 el mejoramiento formas de estudio y docencia.
Alkyl-Cobalamin: Fluorophore-Enhanced Photolysis
Creators: name: Hartman, Timothy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Light-activatable drugs offer the advantage of exquisite spatio-temporal control in drug release, thereby reducing off-target effects in patients. However, they are limited by lights ability to penetrate tissue and cause drug release. This study investigates the ability of Fluorophore-Cbl conjugates that absorb at shorter wavelengths, common to “internal” light sources such as firefly luciferases, to accelerate photolysis when exposed to weak light (5-15 μW). In addition, the relationship between the sterics of Fluorophore-B12 molecular linkers and photocleavage rate was investigated. Dye-B12-Ethyl conjugates with dyes absorbing at 505 or 555 nm showed significant photoproduct formation through skin-like phantom solutions. Conjugates with Dye-B12 linkers with little steric constraint showed significantly higher photocleavage rates than conjugates with the more sterically constrained linkers to the fluorophore. These results suggest that the spatial interaction between the fluorophore and B12 plays an important role in photocleavage for this system. Furthermore, the release of drugs from B12 using antennas that absorb shorter wavelengths is a viable path to light-facilitated drug release and may therefore be used with internal light sources.
The psychology of rituals: An integrative review and process-based framework
Creators: name: Hobson, Nicholas
name: Schroeder, Juliana
name: Risen, Jane
name: Xygalatas, Dimitris
name: Inzlicht, Michael
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Traditionally, ritual has been studied from broad sociocultural perspectives, with little consideration of the psychological processes at play. Recently, however, psychologists have begun turning their attention to the study of ritual, uncovering the causal mechanisms driving this universal aspect of human behavior. With growing interest in the psychology of ritual, the current paper provides an organizing framework to understand recent empirical work from social psychology, cognitive science, anthropology, behavioral economics, and neuroscience. Our framework focuses on three primary regulatory functions of rituals: regulation of (1) social connection, (2) emotions, and (3) performance goal states. We examine the possible mechanisms underlying each function by considering the bottom-up processes that emerge from the physical features of rituals and top-down processes that emerge from the psychological meaning of rituals. Our framework, by appreciating the value of psychological theory, generates novel predictions and enriches our understanding of ritual and human behavior more broadly.
A new test of uniformity for object orientations in astronomy
Creators: name: Pelgrims, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly present a new coordinate-invariant statistical test dedicated to the study of the orientations of transverse quantities of non-uniformly distributed sources on the celestial sphere. These quantities can be projected spin-axes or polarization vectors of astronomical sources.
description: Proceedings IAU Symposium No. 306, 2014
A local-global principle for torsors under geometric prosolvable fundamental groups
Creators: name: Saidi, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a local-global principle for torsors under the prosolvable geometric fundamental group of a hyperbolic curve over a number field.
Lo tiempo más largo: A cross-cultural analysis of nausea, vomiting, and diet change during early pregnancy in North Carolina
Creators: name: Conyers, Hayley
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: In her 1988 article, Margie Profet proposed that morning sickness, otherwise known as NVP,
along with cravings and aversions served as an evolutionary adaptation with the goal of
increasing the likelihood of positive birth outcomes. However, her perspective failed to capture
the possibility of cross-cultural variation in this supposed adaptation. This study aims to
determine to what extent culture and biology impact the pregnancy experiences of English and
Spanish speaking women in central North Carolina. Through semi-structured interviews, women
were asked to recall symptomology of their most recent pregnancy and discussed cultural
components of their pregnancy experience. This study found that the majority of women
experience NVP, cravings and aversions, but could not conclusively determine an impact of
culture on pregnancy symptoms or the impact of pregnancy symptoms on birth outcomes.
However, this evidence suggests that a relationship between language spoken and reported NVP
severity exists. The study’s findings have implications for approaching women’s care throughout
pregnancy from a culturally appropriate lens, within certain communities and the United States
as a whole. It is important for care providers to recognize to which certain belief systems women
may subscribe, from whom they will likely receive and trust information, and what is influencing
their choices throughout their pregnancy experience.
HRVQA: A Visual Question Answering Dataset for High-Resolution Aerial Images
Creators: name: Li, Kun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: open data
machine learning
AI
visual question answering
aerial imagery

description: Visual question answering is an important and challenging multimodal task that has a wide range of applications such as land use and disaster monitoring and environmental or urban planning. However, not only the huge variation in the appearance, scale and orientation of the concepts in aerial images, but also the scarcity of the well-annotated datasets restricts the development of visual question answering in Earth Vision. We introduce a novel open dataset, HRVQA (High-Resolution aerial image Visual Question Answering), which provides collected 53512 aerial images of 1024 × 1024 pixels and semi automatically generated 1070240 QA pairs. It is the first high-resolution aerial image VQA dataset with diverse and concerning questions about not only overall information but specific attributes of various concepts, and can be used to evaluate the capabilities of VQA models on performing scene understanding and geo-spatial reasoning in aerial images.
Lossy chaotic electromagnetic reverberation chambers: Universal statistical behavior of the vectorial field
Creators: name: Gros, J. -B.
name: Kuhl, U.
name: Legrand, O.
name: Mortessagne, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective Hamiltonian formalism is extended to vectorial electromagnetic waves in order to describe statistical properties of the field in reverberation chambers. The latter are commonly used in electromagnetic compatibility tests. As a first step, the distribution of wave intensities in chaotic systems with varying opening in the weak coupling limit for scalar quantum waves is derived by means of random matrix theory. In this limit the only parameters are the modal overlap and the number of open channels. Using the extended effective Hamiltonian, we describe the intensity statistics of the vectorial electromagnetic eigenmodes of lossy reverberation chambers. Finally, the typical quantity of interest in such chambers, namely, the distribution of the electromagnetic response, is discussed. By determining the distribution of the phase rigidity, describing the coupling to the environment, using random matrix numerical data, we find good agreement between the theoretical prediction and numerical calculations of the response.
description: 13 pages , 8 figures
MS Gr. class. c. 6 1281
Creators: name: Oxyrhynchus Papyri
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470316
subject: Latin and classical Greek languages

description: P.Herc. 1497 subscriptio. Philodemus, De musica 4
Drawing by G.B. Malesci
Thinking Critically about Artificial Intelligence and Education
Creators: name: Ación, Laura
name: Benotti, Luciana
name: Black, Melissa
name: Ascenzi, Laura
name: Lefer, Paola Andrea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Inteligencia artificial
ChatGPT
Artificial Intelligence
docencia
pedagogía
enseñanza
Teaching
education
Latin America

description: In this blog post, we share some critical thoughts and ideas about the potential uses of AI in Education.
Growing Up Poet
Creators: name: McKeown, Julia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Overall, this study aims to examine how the qualities of spoken word poetry, and the communities correspondingly created from and creating these qualities, allow a space for individuals to form the identity of spoken word poet. More specifically, it will explore what causes this identity to transcend the barrier from youth to adulthood.
Mülkiyet Fikrinden Fikri Mülkiyete: İktisat, Felsefe, Ahlâk
Creators: name: Yalcintas, Altug
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: anlam
subject: commodification
subject: değer
subject: fikri ekonomi
subject: fikri mülkiyet
subject: fikri mülkiyet hakları
subject: intellectual economy
subject: intellectual property
subject: intellectual property rights
subject: meaning
subject: metalaşma
subject: mülkiyet
subject: mülkiyet hakları
subject: property rights
subject: value
subject: yaratıcılık

description: Bu kitap projesinde şunu savunuyorum: Servetin doğasında fikri ekonomilerin yarattığı değer bulunur. Ancak fikri ekonomi alanında Türkiye'de ve dünyada 1970’lerden bugüne önerilen politikalar ve yürürlüğe konulan (daha doğrusu konulması gerekip de konulmayan ya da geç konulan) yasa ve mevzuatlar, doğası gereği birer müşterek olan fikirlerin fertler tarafından kamu aleyhine temellüküne yol açmaktadır. İlgilendiğim araştırma soruları şunlar: Fikri mülkiyet hukukunun mevcut hali, fikri ekonomilerde sürmekte olan temellük sürecine ne yönde (olumlu, olumsuz) etki yapmaktadır? Fikri ekonomiler, temellük sürecinin yol açtığı dejenere etkileri kendiliğinden (yani fikri ahlâk yoluyla) ortadan kaldırma kabiliyetine sahip midir?
MS Gr. class. c. 6 1282
Creators: name: Oxyrhynchus Papyri
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470316
subject: Latin and classical Greek languages

description: P.Herc. 1497 subscriptio. Philodemus, De musica 4
Drawing by G.B. Malesci