cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Health taxes in Africa: Opportunities to advance women's welfare and gender equality
Creators: name: Ross, Hana
name: Âurea  Mouzinho
name: Fox, Susan
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2024

description: There is a strong body of evidence addressing the importance of gender equality for inclusive and sustainable economic productivity and growth, enhancing economic resilience, and reducing overall income inequality. Given these economic links, economists have begun applying a gender lens to their analytical tools. This report examines the gendered implications of one best-practice tax policy: health taxes, i.e. excise taxes promoting better public health. Health taxes are unique in that, beyond contributing to revenue generation, they motivate behavioral change, with a resulting reduction in costs associated with consumption of unhealthy products, which are particularly damaging to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The LMICs especially lack resources to deal with the consequences of consuming goods damaging public health. This research seeks to understand whether health taxes applied to three types of products – tobacco, alcohol, and sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) – perform similarly well across genders, in Africa specifically. It demonstrates that there are many possible pathways through which health tax policies can reinforce gender inequalities. These gender biases are result of different price responsiveness between genders; an unequal gender distribution of social and private costs associated with the consumption of tobacco, alcohol and SSBs; tax structures and tax rates that provide unequal treatment for men and women, and; selective excise tax policy implementation and enforcement. The discovery and exposure of these gender biases led the authors to propose a set of key recommendations that span from the adoption of evidence-based health tax policies that consider consumption patterns by gender to promoting policies striving towards lower social burden overall while allowing more fair distribution of that burden. Conducting gender impact assessments for existing and new tax policies while increasing the participation of women in tax policymaking, tax administration, and tax revenue redistribution would further improve gender equality.
Density of phytoplankton in Lake Santo Parmense (may 1990)
Creators: name: [Unknown]
Publisher: name: FZ-Juelich B2SHARE
Year: 2020

description: Dataset provides phytoplankton densities recorded in Lake Santo Parmense on one date in may 1990. Samples were collected by means of a Ruttner bottle at different depths over the whole water column at the point of maximum depth of the lake. An integrated sample was subsequently obtained by combining equal proportions of samples collected at the various depths and phytoplankton were identified and counted with an inverted microscope according to Utermöhl (1958).
The role of (non)contextuality in Bell's theorems from the perspective of an operational modeling framework
Creators: name: Ulrey, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel approach for analyzing "classical" alternatives to quantum mechanics for explaining the statistical results of an EPRB-like experiment is proposed. This perspective is top-down instead of bottom-up. Rather than beginning with an inequality derivation, a hierarchy of model types is constructed, each distinguished by appropriately parameterized conditional probabilities. This hierarchy ranks the "classical" model types in terms of their ability to reproduce QM statistics or not. The analysis goes beyond the usual consideration of model types that "fall short" (i.e., satisfy all of the CHSH inequalities) to ones that are "excessive" (i.e., not only violate CHSH but even exceed a Tsirelson bound). This approach clearly shows that noncontextuality is the most general property of an operational model that blocks replication of at least some QM statistical predictions. Factorizability is naturally revealed to be a special case of noncontextuality. The same is true for the combination of remote context independence and outcome determinism (RCI+OD). It is noncontextuality that determines the dividing line between "classical" model instances that satisfy the CHSH inequalities and those that don't. Outcome deterministic operational models are revealed to be the "building blocks" of all the rest, including quantum mechanical, noncontextual, and contextual ones. The set of noncontextual model instances is exactly the convex hull of all 16 RCI+OD model instances, and furthermore, the set of all model instances, including all QM ones, is equal to the convex hull of the 256 OD model instances. It is shown that, under a mild assumption, the construction of convex hulls of finite ensembles of OD model instances is (mathematically) equivalent to the traditional hidden variables approach. Plots and figures provide visual affirmation of many of the results.
description: 78 pages, 17 figures, 45 tables; 26 references; Completely updated paper; "Bell real" terminology replaced with "noncontextuality"; tables are LaTeX-generated instead of imported
Differentially Private k-Means Clustering with Guaranteed Convergence
Creators: name: Lu, Zhigang
name: Shen, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Iterative clustering algorithms help us to learn the insights behind the data. Unfortunately, this may allow adversaries to infer the privacy of individuals with some background knowledge. In the worst case, the adversaries know the centroids of an arbitrary iteration and the information of n-1 out of n items. To protect individual privacy against such an inference attack, preserving differential privacy (DP) for the iterative clustering algorithms has been extensively studied in the interactive settings. However, existing interactive differentially private clustering algorithms suffer from a non-convergence problem, i.e., these algorithms may not terminate without a predefined number of iterations. This problem severely impacts the clustering quality and the efficiency of a differentially private algorithm. To resolve this problem, in this paper, we propose a novel differentially private clustering framework in the interactive settings which controls the orientation of the movement of the centroids over the iterations to ensure the convergence by injecting DP noise in a selected area. We prove that, in the expected case, algorithm under our framework converges in at most twice the iterations of Lloyd's algorithm. We perform experimental evaluations on real-world datasets to show that our algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art of the interactive differentially private clustering algorithms with guaranteed convergence and better clustering quality to meet the same DP requirement.
Arabic version: TCoA Abbreviated
Creators: name: Brown, Gavin
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 170103 Educational Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Education

description: This is an Arabic version of the TCoA-IIIA inventory created Amasha Marcel, Tel-Aviv university, Israel ©2010, email: מרסל עמאשה [marcelam@telhai.ac.il] Recommended citation is: Marcel, A. (2010). استبيان مفاهيم المعلّمين بالنسبة لتقييم التحصيل الدراسي. [translation of Teachers’ conceptions of assessment-v3 abridged]. Tel Aviv University. Tel Aviv, IL.
Gaussian process aided function comparison using noisy scattered data
Creators: name: Prakash, Abhinav
name: Tuo, Rui
name: Ding, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work proposes a nonparametric method to compare the underlying mean functions given two noisy datasets. The motivation for the work stems from an application of comparing wind turbine power curves. Comparing wind turbine data presents new problems, namely the need to identify the regions of difference in the input space and to quantify the extent of difference that is statistically significant. Our proposed method, referred to as funGP, estimates the underlying functions for different data samples using Gaussian process models. We build a confidence band using the probability law of the estimated function differences under the null hypothesis. Then, the confidence band is used for the hypothesis test as well as for identifying the regions of difference. This identification of difference regions is a distinct feature, as existing methods tend to conduct an overall hypothesis test stating whether two functions are different. Understanding the difference regions can lead to further practical insights and help devise better control and maintenance strategies for wind turbines. The merit of funGP is demonstrated by using three simulation studies and four real wind turbine datasets.
ТЎСАТДАН ЎЛГАН ЗЎРАКИ ЎЛИМНИНГ АЙРИМ ТУРЛАРИДАН ВАФОТ ЭТГАН ОДАМЛАРНИНГ ЖАСАДЛАРИДА ИРИДОДИАГНОСТИКА УСУЛЛАРИ
Creators: name: Туронов, Бобур
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Маьлумки, кўзлар қалбнинг кўзгусидир. Улар инсоннинг жисмоний ва руҳий саломатлиги ҳақида сўзлаб беришлари мумкин. Иридология – бу рангдор парда (ирис)нинг шакли ва ҳолати бўйича танадаги турли органларнинг ҳолатини аниқлашга имкон берувчи тиббий билимлар соҳасидир. Рангдор парда секторларининг ҳар бири одам организмининг маьлум бир органига мос келади. Иридодиагностика тиббиётнинг нисбатан ёш соҳасидир, лекин жуда қадимги илдизларга эга. Минглаб йиллар муқаддам табиблар касалликни кўзларга "қараб" аниқлаганлар. Aйрим жиҳатдан – иридодиагностикадан бошланиб, иридология фаннинг бир қатор янги соҳаларини: клиник иридология, иридогенетика, иридотерапия ва суд (криминалистик) иридологиясини ўз ичига олди ва ривожланишига йўл очди.
On the parity of the number of partitions with odd multiplicities
Creators: name: Sellers, James A.
name: Zanello, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 11P83, Secondary: 05A17, 11P84, 11E25

description: Recently, Hirschhorn and the first author considered the parity of the function $a(n)$ which counts the number of integer partitions of $n$ wherein each part appears with odd multiplicity. They derived an effective characterization of the parity of $a(2m)$ based solely on properties of $m.$ In this note, we quickly reprove their result, and then extend it to an explicit characterization of the parity of $a(n)$ for all $n\not\equiv 7 \pmod{8}.$ We also exhibit some infinite families of congruences modulo 2 which follow from these characterizations. We conclude by discussing the case $n\equiv 7 \pmod{8}$, where, interestingly, the behavior of $a(n)$ modulo 2 appears to be entirely different. In particular, we conjecture that, asymptotically, $a(8m+7)$ is odd precisely $50\%$ of the time. This conjecture, whose broad generalization to the context of eta-quotients will be the topic of a subsequent paper, remains wide open.
description: Minor revisions. To appear in the Int. J. Number Theory
Free-fermions and skew stable Grothendieck polynomials
Creators: name: Iwao, Shinsuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E05, 05A10

description: Skew stable Grothendieck polynomials are $K$-theoretic analogues of skew Schur polynomials. We give a free-fermionic presentation of skew stable Grothendieck polynomials and their dual symmetric functions. By using our presentation, we derive a family of determinantal formulas, which are $K$-analogues of the Jacobi-Trudi formula for skew Schur functions. We also introduce a combinatorial method to calculate certain expansions of skew (dual) stable Grothendieck polynomials by using the non-commutative supersymmetric Schur functions.
description: 25 pages. This work is a continuation of the author's previous work arXiv:1905.07692
Arabic version: TCoA Long
Creators: name: Brown, Gavin
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 170103 Educational Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Education

description: This is an Arabic version of the TCoA created by Amasha Marcel, Tel-Aviv university, Israel ©2010   Recommended citation:  Marcel, A. (2010). استبيان مفاهيم المعلّمين بالنسبة لتقييم التحصيل الدراسي. [translation of Teachers’ conceptions of assessment-v3]. Tel Aviv University. Tel Aviv, IL.
Multiscale Modeling and Analysis for High-fidelity Interferometric Scattering Microscopy
Creators: name: Lin, Shupei
name: He, Yong
name: Robert, Hadrien Marc Louis
name: Li, Hong
name: Zhang, Pu
name: Piliarik, Marek
name: Chen, Xue-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interferometric scattering microscopy (iSCAT), as an ultrasensitive fluorescence-free imaging modality, has recently gain enormous attention and been rapidly developing from demonstration of principle to quantitative sensing. Here we report on a theoretical and experimental study for iSCAT with samples having structural dimensions that differ by 4-5 orders of magnitude. In particular, we demonstrate and intuitively explain the profound effects of sub-nanometer surface roughness of a glass coverslip and of a mica surface on the absolute signal and the shape of the point spread function of a gold nanoparticle. These quantities significantly affect the accuracies for determining the target size and position in all three dimensions. Moreover, we investigate a sample system mimicking a gold nanoparticle in a simplified cell environment and show position-dependent and even asymmetric point spread function of the nanoparticle. The multiscale study will facilitate the development of high fidelity iSCAT in real applications.
description: Expanded the discussion on the effect of surface roughness
Prediction and Monitoring of Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) Profiles  Using GNSS-Radio Occultation (GNSS-RO) Satellite Technique in Turkey
Creators: name: Emine Tanır Kayıkçı
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Water vapor is a natural greenhouse gas that shapes weather patterns and can condense in the atmosphere. Almost all of the water vapor, which plays an active role in the hydrological cycle, is found in the troposphere. The concentration of water vapor is highly variable according to location and temperature. In recent years, the increase in temperatures on the earth's surface is causing global warming. Therefore, water vapor analysis as an indicator of global warming is becoming more important. The increase in global temperatures is caused by natural processes and human activities. In particular, human activities are causing more carbon dioxide and methane to be released into the atmosphere. As a result, the absorption of greenhouse gases is increasing and the earth and climate are getting warmer. Water evaporating from the oceans, seas and land surfaces with more heat causes more water vapor to enter the atmosphere. The increase in the amount of water vapor held in the air leads to more cloud formation, heavy rainfall and extreme weather events such as floods and droughts. The ability to predict and monitor the occurrence of extreme weather events depends on precisely analyzing the amount of precipitable water vapor (PWV) in the atmosphere. In this context, the GNSS-RO technique offers unique advantages. The GNSS-RO technique does not require calibration, can operate in all weather conditions, and provides rich data at high vertical resolution with global coverage.In this study, PWV forecasts for the period 2020-2023 were made by applying the GNSS-RO technique in the regions where radiosonde stations (RS) are located in Turkey. WetPf2 profiles of the FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite were used for GNSS-RO PWV forecasts. PWV time series obtained from wetPf2 profiles were compared with RS PWV calculated from IGRA (Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive) atmospheric profiles and PWV time series calculated from European Medium Range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) ERA5 hourly specific humidity profiles. For the comparisons, the distance between the COSMIC-2 RO and RS locations was limited to a maximum of 300 km and the ERA5 locations were limited to be at the closest latitude and longitude to the RS locations. COSMIC-2 RO events can occur at different locations at different times of the day. Therefore, each RO file of a day is analyzed separately with the RS and ERA5 profiles of the same day. Then, average values were calculated for the obtained PWVs. Linear regression was performed to examine the relationship between COSMIC-2 RO PWVs and RS and ERA5 PWVs. Squared mean errors and correlation coefficients were also calculated for statistical evaluation. The results obtained were found to be consistent with each other.
6G Communications: A Vision on the Potential Applications
Creators: name: Nayak, Sabuzima
name: Patgiri, Ripon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2; I.2
subject: 68-02, 68M10

description: 6G communication technology is a revolutionary technology that will revolutionize many technologies and applications. Furthermore, it will be truly AI-driven and will carry on intelligent space. Hence, it will enable Internet of Everything (IoE) which will also impact many technologies and applications. 6G communication technology promises high Quality of Services (QoS) and high Quality of Experiences (QoE). With the combination of IoE and 6G communication technology, number of applications will be exploded in the coming future, particularly, vehicles, drones, homes, cities, hospitals, and so on, and there will be no untouched area. Thence, it is expected that many existing technologies will fully depend on 6G communication technology and enhance their performances. 6G communication technology will prove as game changer communication technology in many fields and will be capable to influence many applications. Therefore, we envision the potential applications of 6G communication technology in the near future.
description: This manuscript is submitted to IEEE for possible publications
Random Hyperboxes
Creators: name: Khuat, Thanh Tung
name: Gabrys, Bogdan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.1; I.2.6; I.2.m; I.5.0; I.5.1; I.5.2; I.5.3; I.5.4
subject: 68T30, 68T20, 68T37, 68W27

description: This paper proposes a simple yet powerful ensemble classifier, called Random Hyperboxes, constructed from individual hyperbox-based classifiers trained on the random subsets of sample and feature spaces of the training set. We also show a generalization error bound of the proposed classifier based on the strength of the individual hyperbox-based classifiers as well as the correlation among them. The effectiveness of the proposed classifier is analyzed using a carefully selected illustrative example and compared empirically with other popular single and ensemble classifiers via 20 datasets using statistical testing methods. The experimental results confirmed that our proposed method outperformed other fuzzy min-max neural networks, popular learning algorithms, and is competitive with other ensemble methods. Finally, we identify the existing issues related to the generalization error bounds of the real datasets and inform the potential research directions.
description: @20XX IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
Role play scenario
Creators: name: Yazbeck, Barbara
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 80706 Librarianship
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: This scenario depicts an interaction between a community pharmacist and a patient or client. Role plays are used in Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs).
Hot Hydride Superconductivity above 550 K
Creators: name: Grockowiak, A. D.
name: Ahart, M.
name: Helm, T.
name: Coniglio, W. A.
name: Kumar, R.
name: Somayazulu, M.
name: Meng, Y.
name: Oliff, M.
name: Williams, V.
name: Ashcroft, N. W.
name: Hemley, R. J.
name: Tozer, S. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for room temperature superconductivity has accelerated dramatically in the last few years driven largely by theoretical predictions that first indicated alloying dense hydrogen with other elements could produce conventional phonon-mediated superconductivity at very high temperatures and at accessible pressures, and more recently, with the success of structure search methods that have identified specific candidates and pressure-temperature (P-T) conditions for synthesis. These theoretical advances have prompted improvements in experimental techniques to test these predictions. As a result, experimental studies of simple binary hydrides under pressure have yielded high critical superconducting transition temperatures (Tc), of 260 K in LaH10, close to the commonly accepted threshold for room temperature, 293 K, at pressures near 180 GPa. We successfully synthesized a metallic La-based superhydride from La metal and ammonia borane, NH3BH3, and find a multi-step transition with a Tc of 294 K for the highest onset. When subjected to subsequent thermal excursions to higher temperatures that promoted a chemical reaction to what we believe is a ternary or higher order system, the transition temperature was driven to higher temperatures. Although the reaction does not appear to be complete, the onset temperature was pushed from 294 K to 556 K before the experiments had to be terminated. The results provide evidence for hot superconductivity well above room temperature, in line with recent predictions for a higher order hydride under pressure.
description: 30 pages including 6 figures ( with 2 side by side figures)
Cortical oscillations implement a backbone for sampling-based computation in spiking neural networks
Creators: name: Korcsak-Gorzo, Agnes
name: Müller, Michael G.
name: Baumbach, Andreas
name: Leng, Luziwei
name: Breitwieser, Oliver Julien
name: van Albada, Sacha J.
name: Senn, Walter
name: Meier, Karlheinz
name: Legenstein, Robert
name: Petrovici, Mihai A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Being permanently confronted with an uncertain world, brains have faced evolutionary pressure to represent this uncertainty in order to respond appropriately. Often, this requires visiting multiple interpretations of the available information or multiple solutions to an encountered problem. This gives rise to the so-called mixing problem: since all of these "valid" states represent powerful attractors, but between themselves can be very dissimilar, switching between such states can be difficult. We propose that cortical oscillations can be effectively used to overcome this challenge. By acting as an effective temperature, background spiking activity modulates exploration. Rhythmic changes induced by cortical oscillations can then be interpreted as a form of simulated tempering. We provide a rigorous mathematical discussion of this link and study some of its phenomenological implications in computer simulations. This identifies a new computational role of cortical oscillations and connects them to various phenomena in the brain, such as sampling-based probabilistic inference, memory replay, multisensory cue combination, and place cell flickering.
description: 34 pages, 9 figures
Neural Schrödinger Equation:Physical Law as Neural Network
Creators: name: Nakajima, Mitsumasa
name: Tanaka, Kenji
name: Hashimoto, Toshikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show a new family of neural networks based on the Schrödinger equation (SE-NET). In this analogy, the trainable weights of the neural networks correspond to the physical quantities of the Schrödinger equation. These physical quantities can be trained using the complex-valued adjoint method. Since the propagation of the SE-NET can be described by the evolution of physical systems, its outputs can be computed by using a physical solver. As a demonstration, we implemented the SE-NET using the finite difference method. The trained network is transferable to actual optical systems. Based on this concept, we show a numerical demonstration of end-to-end machine learning with an optical frontend. Our results extend the application field of machine learning to hybrid physical-digital optimizations.
Graph Neural Network Based Coarse-Grained Mapping Prediction
Creators: name: Li, Zhiheng
name: Wellawatte, Geemi P.
name: Chakraborty, Maghesree
name: Gandhi, Heta A.
name: Xu, Chenliang
name: White, Andrew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The selection of coarse-grained (CG) mapping operators is a critical step for CG molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. It is still an open question about what is optimal for this choice and there is a need for theory. The current state-of-the art method is mapping operators manually selected by experts. In this work, we demonstrate an automated approach by viewing this problem as supervised learning where we seek to reproduce the mapping operators produced by experts. We present a graph neural network based CG mapping predictor called DEEP SUPERVISED GRAPH PARTITIONING MODEL(DSGPM) that treats mapping operators as a graph segmentation problem. DSGPM is trained on a novel dataset, Human-annotated Mappings (HAM), consisting of 1,206 molecules with expert annotated mapping operators. HAM can be used to facilitate further research in this area. Our model uses a novel metric learning objective to produce high-quality atomic features that are used in spectral clustering. The results show that the DSGPM outperforms state-of-the-art methods in the field of graph segmentation. Finally, we find that predicted CG mapping operators indeed result in good CG MD models when used in simulation.
Fachinformationsdienste und Forschungsdaten: Die Kooperation mit den NFDIs
Creators: name: Depping, Ralf
name: Heber, Maximilian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Die DFG-geförderten Fachinformationsdienste bieten größtenteils auch Dienstleistungen im Bereich des Forschungsdatenmanagements an. Auch der Aktionsplan 2022-2024, den das FID-Lenkungsgremium für das FIDNetzwerk aufgestellt hat, identifiziert das Forschungsdatenmanagement als eines der drei zentralen Themenfelder. Im Vortrag sollen die entsprechenden Passagen aus dem Aktionsplan kurz erläutert werden. Anschließend wird am Beispiel der beiden FIDs Philosophie und SocioHub dargestellt, wie die Kooperation mit den NFDIs ausgestaltet sein kann und welche konkreten FDM-Dienstleistungen FIDs anbieten können.

Die Veranstaltung, die auf diesen Folien basiert, fand am 20.09.2023 im Rahmen der Webinarreihe forschungsdaten.info live statt.
Avaliação do L-Pidolato de Cálcio® sobre a densidade mineral óssea e resistência óssea de galinhas em postura comercial.
Creators: name: Nogueira, Henrique De Sousa
name: Artoni, Silvana Martinez Baraldi
Publisher: name: CBBiomet 2017
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Ao longo de anos a criação de galinhas para produção de ovos comerciais passou por um processo de intensificação tecnológica e comercial. Este sistema está sendo veementemente debatido pela comunidade científica, norteada por conceitos de bem-estar animal. Injúrias como fraturas de ossos decorrentes de traumatismos e deficiência alimentar podem provocar mobilização mineral que acarreta em fragilização da estrutura óssea. A partir de uma nova tecnologia chamada Dual–energy X-ray absorptiometry considerada uma técnica não invasiva permite investigar o melhor índice de sal que ativa o cálcio a ser fornecido visando identificar as características ósseas tais como composição e densidade mineral das aves. O L – Pidolato de Cálcio® é uma molécula precursora aminoácidos presentes no colágeno e proteínas carreadoras de cálcio. Utilizou-se 480 galinhas poedeiras da linhagem comercial Hy-Line W36, White, durante o período de 57 a 69 semanas de idade; distribuídas em delineamento em bloco ao acaso. Foram testados 10 tratamentos distribuídos em esquema fatorial cruzado 2 ×5, com oito repetições de seis aves cada. Para compor as dietas experimentais foram utilizadas duas dietas basais, denominadas Dieta Basal Normal (DBN) composta por níveis normais de prolina e arginina e Dieta Basal Reduzida (DBR) composta por níveis reduzidos de prolina e arginina. Às dietas DBN e DBR foram acrescentados, 0 150, 300, 450 e 600 g de L-Pidolato de Cálcio® por tonelada de ração, constituindo assim os 10 tratamentos a serem avaliados. Foram avaliados a densidade mineral, a composição mineral e a resistência ósseas das aves. Comparativamente às dietas DBN e DBR, foi utilizada uma dieta denominada controle (DC) e diferente da DBN. A densidade mineral óssea (DMO) e composição mineral óssea (CMO) diferiram na dieta (P<0.05) e na interação dietas*níveis (P<0,05) de L- Pidolato de Cálcio®. A DBR teve valores inferiores à DBN. Observou-se que a inclusão de 300 g/ton do L-Pidolato de Cálcio® em dietas reduzidas, proporcionou maior DMO das aves, em relação àquelas que foram alimentadas com dietas normais contendo o mesmo nível de inclusão do aditivo. A inclusão de 300 g de L-Pidolato de Cálcio® por tonelada de ração em dietas reduzidas em prolina e arginia melhora a DMO e consequentemente, evita perdas minerais ósseas e injúrias em galinhas criadas em sistemas intensivos, contribuindo em parte com as “cinco liberdades” propostas para que as aves tenham assegurado seu bem-estar.
High Quality factor micro-ring resonator for strong atom-light interactions using miniature atomic beams
Creators: name: Dorche, Ali Eshaghian
name: Wei, Bochao
name: Raman, Chandra
name: Adibi, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An integrated photonic platform is proposed for strong interactions between atomic beams and annealing-free high-quality-factor (Q) microresonators. We fabricated a thin-film, air-clad SiN microresonator with a loaded Q of $1.55\times10^6$ around the optical transition of $^{87}$Rb at $~780$ nm. This Q is achieved without annealing the devices at high temperatures, enabling future fully integrated platforms containing optoelectronic circuitry as well. The estimated single-photon Rabi frequency (2g) is ${2\boldsymbolπ}\times$64 MHz at a height of 100 nm above the resonator. Our simulation result indicates that miniature atomic beams with a longitudinal speed of 0.2 m/s to 30 m/s will strongly interact with our resonator, allowing for the detection of single-atom transits and the realization of scalable single-atom photonic devices. Racetrack resonators with a similar Q can be used to detect thermal atomic beams with velocities around 300 m/s.
The Truncated Metallo-dielectric Omnidirectional Reflector: Collecting Single Photons in the Fundamental Gaussian Mode with 95% Efficiency
Creators: name: Li, Wancong
name: Morales-Inostroza, Luis
name: Xu, Weiwang
name: Zhang, Pu
name: Renger, Jan
name: Götzinger, Stephan
name: Chen, Xue-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel antenna structure which funnels single photons from a single emitter with unprecedented efficiency into a low-divergence fundamental Gaussian mode. Our device relies on the concept of creating an omnidirectional photonic bandgap to inhibit unwanted large-angle emission and to enhance small-angle defect-guided-mode emission. The new photon collection strategy is intuitively illustrated, rigorously verified and optimized by implementing an efficient body-of-revolution finite-difference time-domain method for in-plane dipole emitters. We investigate a few antenna designs to cover various boundary conditions posed by fabrication processes or material restrictions and theoretically demonstrate that collection efficiencies into the fundamental Gaussian mode exceeding 95% are achievable. Our antennas are broadband, insensitive to fabrication imperfections and compatible with a variety of solid-state emitters such as organic molecules, quantum dots and defect centers in diamond. Unidirectional and low-divergence Gaussian-mode emission from a single emitter may enable the realization of a variety of photonic quantum computer architectures as well as highly efficient light-matter interfaces.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Roots of Chebyshev Polynomials: a purely algebraic approach
Creators: name: Ponton, Lionel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: By using purely algebraic tools, we establish well-known properties of roots of Chebyshev polynomials. Especially, we show that these zeros are simple and lie in $(-1,1)$ and we prove in two ways that they are mostly irrational.
description: 6 pages
Communities of “impossible” anaerobic microbes in the CH4 & N cycles New draft item
Creators: name: Jetten, Mike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60504 Microbial Ecology

description: slides of fems2017 lecture session anaerobic communities
Finite skew braces with isomorphic non-abelian characteristically simple additive and circle groups
Creators: name: Tsang, Cindy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A skew brace is a triplet $(A,\cdot,\circ)$, where $(A,\cdot)$ and $(A,\circ)$ are groups such that the brace relation $x\circ (y\cdot z) = (x\circ y)\cdot x^{-1}\cdot (x\circ z)$ holds for all $x,y,z\in A$. In this paper, we study the number of finite skew braces $(A,\cdot,\circ)$, up to isomorphism, such that $(A,\cdot)$ and $(A,\circ)$ are both isomorphic to $T^n$ with $T$ non-abelian simple and $n\in\mathbb{N}$. We prove that it is equal to the number of unlabeled directed graphs on $n+1$ vertices, with one distingusihed vertex, and whose underlying undirected graph is a tree. In particular, it depends only on $n$ and is independent of $T$.
description: slightly revised based on referee's comments
Model-Free Design of Control Systems over Wireless Fading Channels
Creators: name: Lima, Vinicius
name: Eisen, Mark
name: Gatsis, Konstantinos
name: Ribeiro, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Wireless control systems replace traditional wired communication with wireless networks to exchange information between actuators, plants and sensors in a control system. The noise in wireless channels renders ideal control policies suboptimal, and their performance is moreover directly dependent on the way in which wireless resources are allocated between control loops. Proper design of the control policy and the resource allocation policy based on both plant states and wireless fading states is then critical to achieve good performance. The resulting problem of co-designing control-aware resource allocation policies and communication-aware controllers, however, is challenging due to its infinite dimensionality, existence of system constraints and need for explicit knowledge of the plants and wireless network models. To overcome those challenges, we rely on constrained reinforcement learning algorithms to propose a model-free approach to the design of wireless control systems. We demonstrate the near optimality of control system performance and stability using near-universal policy parametrizations and present a practical model-free algorithm to learn the co-design policy. Numerical experiments show the strong performance of learned policies over baseline solutions.
description: Accepted for publication at Signal Processing
Probing the Nature of High Redshift Weak Emission Line Quasars: A Young Quasar with a Starburst Host Galaxy
Creators: name: Andika, Irham Taufik
name: Jahnke, Knud
name: Onoue, Masafusa
name: Bañados, Eduardo
name: Mazzucchelli, Chiara
name: Novak, Mladen
name: Eilers, Anna-Christina
name: Venemans, Bram P.
name: Schindler, Jan-Torge
name: Walter, Fabian
name: Neeleman, Marcel
name: Simcoe, Robert A.
name: Decarli, Roberto
name: Farina, Emanuele Paolo
name: Marian, Victor
name: Pensabene, Antonio
name: Cooper, Thomas M.
name: Rojas, Alejandra F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of PSO J083.8371+11.8482, a weak emission line quasar with extreme star formation rate at $z=6.3401$. This quasar was selected from Pan-STARRS1, UHS, and unWISE photometric data. Gemini/GNIRS spectroscopy follow-up indicates a MgII-based black hole mass of $M_\mathrm{BH}=\left(2.0^{+0.7}_{-0.4}\right)\times10^9~M_\odot$ and an Eddington ratio of $L_\mathrm{bol}/L_\mathrm{Edd}=0.5^{+0.1}_{-0.2}$, in line with actively accreting supermassive black hole (SMBH) at $z\gtrsim6$. HST imaging sets strong constraint on lens-boosting, showing no relevant effect on the apparent emission. The quasar is also observed as a pure point-source with no additional emission component. The broad line region (BLR) emission is intrinsically weak and not likely caused by an intervening absorber. We found rest-frame equivalent widths of EW(Ly$α$+NV) $=5.7\pm0.7$ Angstrom, EW(CIV) $\leq5.8$ Angstrom (3-sigma upper limit), and EW(MgII) $=8.7\pm0.7$ Angstrom. A small proximity zone size ($R_\mathrm{p}=1.2\pm0.4$ pMpc) indicates a lifetime of only $t_\mathrm{Q}=10^{3.4\pm0.7}$ years from the last quasar phase ignition. ALMA shows extended [CII] emission with a mild velocity gradient. The inferred far-infrared luminosity ($L_\mathrm{FIR}=(1.2\pm0.1)\times10^{13}\,L_\odot$) is one of the highest among all known quasar hosts at $z\gtrsim6$. Dust and [CII] emissions put a constraint on the star formation rate of SFR $=900-4900~M_\odot\,\mathrm{yr^{-1}}$, similar to that of hyper-luminous infrared galaxy. Considering the observed quasar lifetime and BLR formation timescale, the weak-line profile in the quasar spectrum is most likely caused by a BLR which is not yet fully formed rather than continuum boosting by gravitational lensing or a soft continuum due to super-Eddington accretion.
description: 28 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Event-based update of synapses in voltage-based learning rules
Creators: name: Stapmanns, Jonas
name: Hahne, Jan
name: Helias, Moritz
name: Bolten, Matthias
name: Diesmann, Markus
name: Dahmen, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Due to the point-like nature of neuronal spiking, efficient neural network simulators often employ event-based simulation schemes for synapses. Yet many types of synaptic plasticity rely on the membrane potential of the postsynaptic cell as a third factor in addition to pre- and postsynaptic spike times. Synapses therefore require continuous information to update their strength which a priori necessitates a continuous update in a time-driven manner. The latter hinders scaling of simulations to realistic cortical network sizes and relevant time scales for learning. Here, we derive two efficient algorithms for archiving postsynaptic membrane potentials, both compatible with modern simulation engines based on event-based synapse updates. We theoretically contrast the two algorithms with a time-driven synapse update scheme to analyze advantages in terms of memory and computations. We further present a reference implementation in the spiking neural network simulator NEST for two prototypical voltage-based plasticity rules: the Clopath rule and the Urbanczik-Senn rule. For both rules, the two event-based algorithms significantly outperform the time-driven scheme. Depending on the amount of data to be stored for plasticity, which heavily differs between the rules, a strong performance increase can be achieved by compressing or sampling of information on membrane potentials. Our results on computational efficiency related to archiving of information provide guidelines for the design of learning rules in order to make them practically usable in large-scale networks.
description: 45 pages, 13 figures, 7 tables
Comparação da termorregulação de vacas holandesas em sistema compost barn
Creators: name: Pizzatto, Joel
name: Vieira, Frederico Márcio Corrêa
name: Macagnan, Rodrigo
name: Mayer, Lilian Regina Rothe
name: Oliveira, Nubia Da Silva
name: Pilatti, Jaqueline Agnes
Publisher: name: CBBiomet 2017
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Atualmente grande parte dos bovinos no Brasil e no mundo sofre com o estresse térmico que causa diversos efeitos maléficos em vacas leiteiras, gerando perdas significativas na produção, reprodução e também na imunidade dos animais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a frequência respiratória de vacas holandesas e de vacas mestiças (3/4 holandesas) em sistema compost barn. O presente estudo foi realizado no município de Dois Vizinhos, sendo situado no sudoeste do estado do Paraná. As avaliações ocorreram nos meses de março e abril do ano de 2017. Os animais do presente estudo foram divididos em 2 tratamentos, sendo 4 vacas holandesas e 4 vacas mestiças, as quais ficaram alojadas com outros animais no sistema compost barn, avaliando-se a frequência respiratória dos animais, a temperatura e umidade relativa do ar. Os dados coletados foram analisados por meio de gráficos, no programa Excel. Os valores máximos para a frequência respiratória foram de 75 mov/min e 74 mov/min, para as vacas holandesas e mestiças, respectivamente. Neste trabalho verificou-se que não houve diferença na termorregulação dos animais, pois é um ambiente homogêneo para os tratamentos. Além disso, os animais mestiços possuem maior característica da raça holandesa logo as frequências respiratórias dos animais mantiveram-se semelhantes.
Gravitational Waves from Core-Collapse Supernovae
Creators: name: Abdikamalov, Ernazar
name: Pagliaroli, Giulia
name: Radice, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize our current understanding of gravitational wave emission from core-collapse supernovae. We review the established results from multi-dimensional simulations and, wherever possible, provide back-of-the-envelope calculations to highlight the underlying physical principles. The gravitational waves are predominantly emitted by protoneutron star oscillations. In slowly rotating cases, which represent the most common type of the supernovae, the oscillations are excited by multi-dimensional hydrodynamic instabilities, while in rare rapidly rotating cases, the protoneutron star is born with an oblate deformation due to the centrifugal force. The gravitational wave signal may be marginally visible with current detectors for a source within our galaxy, while future third-generation instruments will enable more robust and detailed observations. The rapidly rotating models that develop non-axisymmetric instabilities may be visible up to a megaparsec distance with the third-generation detectors. Finally, we discuss strategies for multi-messenger observations of supernovae.
description: To appear as a chapter in "Handbook of Gravitational Wave Astronomy" (Eds. C. Bambi, S. Katsanevas and K. Kokkotas; Springer Singapore, 2021)
El solapamiento de genes como modulador de la velocidad de evolución de los virus de ADN de plantas
Creators: name: Hernández, Iván Martín
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Final degree work of Ivan Martin Hernandez in the Biotechnology degree of the Polytechnic University of Madrid (UPM) in July of 2017. It has been developed in the Plant-virus interaction and co-evolution lab at the Center for Plant Biotechnology and Genomics (CBGP) of Madrid.
Additional file 1: of Early application of continuous high-volume haemofiltration can reduce sepsis and improve the prognosis of patients with severe burns
Creators: name: You, Bo
name: Zhang, Yu
name: Luo, Gao
name: Dang, Yong
name: Jiang, Bei
name: Huang, Guang
name: Liu, Xin
name: Yang, Zi
name: Chen, Yu
name: Chen, Jing
name: Yuan, Zhi
name: Yin, Su
name: Peng, Yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Table S1. Baseline characteristics of the patients in the HVHF and control groups for PP analysis. (DOCX 16 kb)
Phase Contrast X-ray Imaging in the Lungs: A Technique to Study Dynamic Alveolar Function
Creators: name: Carnibella, Richard
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: Biophysics

description: This thesis develops techniques for studying the lungs, and in particular the dynamic behaviour of the smallest air sacs, known as alveoli, during breathing. This is possible using an X-ray imaging technique known as phase contrast X-ray imaging, in which images of the lungs have a strongly speckled appearance. By decoding this speckle pattern, it is possible to extract information about the size of the alveoli from a single X-ray image. The potential applications of this research include detecting lung diseases like emphysema earlier and as a tool to monitor the progress of disease and the response to treatment.
D-JRP1-1.5_D-JRP1-2.5_Notification of shipment of the samples for the final ring trials, WP1 and WP2 (Impart)
Creators: name: IMPART PROJECT
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: D-JRP1-1.5_D-JRP1-2.5_Notification of shipment of the samples for the final ring trials, WP1 and WP2 OHEJP IMPART PROJECT DELIVERABLE