cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Perspectives on Biologically Active Camptothecin Derivatives: BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE CAMPTOTHECIN DERIVATIVES
Creators: name: Li, Wen-Qun
name: Lee, Kuo-Hsiung
name: Chen, An-Liang
name: Wu, Xiao-Bing
name: Liu, Ying-Qian
name: Zhang, Shao-Yong
name: Qian, Keduo
name: Zhu, Gao-Xiang
name: Nan, Xiang
name: Morris-Natschke, Susan L.
name: Yang, Liu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Camptothecins (CPTs) are cytotoxic natural alkaloids that specifically target DNA topoisomerase I. Research on CPTs has undergone a significant evolution from the initial discovery of CPT in the late 1960s through the study of synthetic small molecule derivatives to investigation of macromolecular constructs and formulations. Over the past years, intensive medicinal chemistry efforts have generated numerous CPT derivatives. Three derivatives, topotecan, irinotecan, and belotecan, are currently prescribed as anticancer drugs, and several related compounds are now in clinical trials. Interest in other biological effects, besides anticancer activity, of CPTs is also growing exponentially, as indicated by the large number of publications on the subject during the last decades. Therefore, the main focus of the present review is to provide an ample but condensed overview on various biological activities of CPT derivatives, in addition to continued up-to-date coverage of anticancer effects.
Assessment of wafer-level transfer techniques of graphene with respect to semiconductor industry requirements
Creators: name: Wittmann, Sebastian
name: Pindl, Stephan
name: Sawallich, Simon
name: Nagel, Michael
name: Michalski, Alexander
name: Pandey, Himadri
name: Esteki, Ardeshir
name: Kataria, Satender
name: Lemme, Max C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene is a promising candidate for future electronic applications. Manufacturing graphene-based electronic devices typically requires graphene transfer from its growth substrate to another desired substrate. This key step for device integration must be applicable at the wafer level and meet the stringent requirements of semiconductor fabrication lines. In this work, wet and semidry transfer (i.e. wafer bonding) are evaluated regarding wafer scalability, handling, potential for automation, yield, contamination and electrical performance. A wafer scale tool was developed to transfer graphene from 150 mm copper foils to 200 mm silicon wafers with-out adhesive intermediate polymers. The transferred graphene coverage ranged from 97.9% to 99.2% for wet transfer and from 17.2% to 90.8% for semidry transfer, with average cop-per contaminations of 4.7x10$^{13}$ (wet) and 8.2x10$^{12}$ atoms/cm$^2$ (semidry). The corresponding electrical sheet resistance extracted from terahertz time-domain spectroscopy varied from 450 to 550 $Ω/sq$ for wet transfer and from 1000 to 1650 $Ω/sq$ for semidry transfer. Although wet transfer is superior in terms of yield, carbon contamination level and electrical quality, wafer bonding yields lower copper contamination levels and provides scalability due to existing in-dustrial tools and processes. Our conclusions can be generalized to all two-dimensional (2D) materials.
Recent Progress on C-4-Modified Podophyllotoxin Analogs as Potent Antitumor Agents: C-4-MODIFIED PODOPHYLLOTOXIN ANALOGS
Creators: name: Yang, Liu
name: Liu, Ying-Qian
name: Tian, Xuan
name: Zhao, Xiao-Bo
name: Lee, Kuo-Hsiung
name: Tian, Jing
name: Morris-Natschke, Susan L.
name: Nan, Xiang
name: Qian, Keduo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Podophyllotoxin (PPT), as well as its congeners and derivatives, exhibits pronounced biological activities, especially antineoplastic effects. Its strong inhibitory effect on tumor cell growth led to the development of three of the most highly prescribed anticancer drugs in the world, etoposide, teniposide, and the water-soluble prodrug etoposide phosphate. Their clinical success as well as intriguing mechanism of action stimulated great interest in further modification of PPT for better antitumor activity. The C-4 position has been a major target for structural derivatization aimed at either producing more potent compounds or overcoming drug resistance. Accordingly, numerous PPT derivatives have been prepared via hemisynthesis and important structure–activity relationship (SAR) correlations have been identified. Several resulting compounds, including GL-331, TOP-53, and NK611, reached clinical trials. Some excellent reviews on the distribution, sources, applications, synthesis, and SAR of PPT have been published. This review focuses on a second generation of new etoposide-related drugs and provides detailed coverage of the current status and recent development of C-4-modified PPT analogs as anticancer clinical trial candidates.
Multiple Scale Asymptotics of Map Enumeration
Creators: name: Ercolani, Nicholas
name: Lega, Joceline
name: Tippings, Brandon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a systematic approach to express generating functions for the enumeration of maps on surfaces of high genus in terms of a single generating function relevant to planar surfaces. Central to this work is the comparison of two asymptotic expansions obtained from two different fields of mathematics: the Riemann-Hilbert analysis of orthogonal polynomials and the theory of discrete dynamical systems. By equating the coefficients of these expansions in a common region of uniform validity in their parameters, we recover known results and provide new expressions for generating functions associated with graphical enumeration on surfaces of genera 0 through 7. Although the body of the article focuses on 4-valent maps, the methodology presented here extends to regular maps of arbitrary even valence and to some cases of odd valence, as detailed in the appendices.
Dark-energy dependent test of general relativity at cosmological scales
Creators: name: Zolnierowski, Yves
name: Blanchard, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $Λ$CDM framework offers a remarkably good description of our universe with a very small number of free parameters, which can be determined with high accuracy from currently available data. However, this does not mean that the associated physical quantities, such as the curvature of the universe, have been directly measured. Similarly, general relativity is assumed, but not tested. Testing the relevance of general relativity for cosmology at the background level includes a verification of the relation between its energy contents and the curvature of space. Using an extended Newtonian formulation, we propose an approach where this relation can be tested. Using the recent measurements on cosmic microwave background, baryonic acoustic oscillations and the supernova Hubble diagram, we show that the prediction of general relativity is well verified in the framework of standard $Λ$CDM assumptions, i.e. an energy content only composed of matter and dark energy, in the form of a cosmological constant or equivalently a vacuum contribution. However, the actual equation of state of dark fluids cannot be directly obtained from cosmological observations. We found that relaxing the equation of state of dark energy opens a large region of possibilities, revealing a new type of degeneracy between the curvature and the total energy content of the universe.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
A comparison of the retention of pathogenic Escherichia coli O157 by sprouts, leaves and fruits
Creators: name: Mathews, Stephanie L.
name: Smith, Rachel B.
name: Matthysse, Ann G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The retention (binding to or association with the plant) of Escherichia coli by cut leaves and fruits after vigorous water washing was compared with that by sprouts. Retention by fruits and leaves was similar but differed from retention by sprouts in rate, effect of wounding and requirement for poly-β,1-6-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Escherichia coli was retained by cut ends of lettuce leaves within 5 min while more than 1 h was required for retention by the intact epidermis of leaves and fruits, and more than 1 day for sprouts. Retention after 5 min at the cut leaf edge was specific for E. coli and was not shown by the plant-associated bacteria Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Sinorhizobium meliloti. Escherichia coli was retained by lettuce, spinach, alfalfa, bean, tomato, Arabidopsis thaliana, cucumber, and pepper leaves and fruits faster than by sprouts. Wounding of leaves and fruits but not sprouts increased bacterial retention. Mutations in the exopolysaccharide synthesis genes yhjN and wcaD reduced the numbers of bacteria retained. PgaC mutants were retained by cut leaves and fruits but not by sprouts. There was no significant difference in the retention of an O157 and a K12 strain by fruits or leaves. However, retention by sprouts of O157 strains was significantly greater than K12 strains. These findings suggest that there are differences in the mechanisms of E coli retention among sprouts, and leaves and fruits.
Supplement for allosteric interactions in a birod model of DNA.
Creators: name: Jaspreet Singh
name: Purohit, Prashant K.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Mechanics
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Several calculations have been omitted from the main text for the sake of brevity. They are given in this supplement in detail.
Vibrational response functions for multidimensional electronic spectroscopy in non-adiabatic models
Creators: name: Troiani, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay of nuclear and electronic dynamics characterizes the multi-dimensional electronic spectra of various molecular and solid-state systems. Theoretically, the observable effect of such interplay can be accounted for by response functions. Here, we report analytical expressions for the response functions corresponding to a class of model systems. These are characterized by the coupling between the diabatic electronic states and the vibrational degrees of freedom resulting in linear displacements of the corresponding harmonic oscillators, and by nonadiabatic couplings between pairs of diabatic states. In order to derive the linear response functions, we first perform the Dyson expansion of the relevant propagators with respect to the nonadiabatic component of the Hamiltonian, then derive and expand with respect to the displacements the propagators at given interaction times, and finally provide analytical expressions for the time integrals that lead to the different contributions to the linear response function. The approach is then applied to the derivation of third-order response functions describing different physical processes: ground state bleaching, stimulated emission, excited state absorption and double quantum coherence. Comparisons between the results obtained up to sixth order in the Dyson expansion and independent numerical calculation of the response functions provide an evidence of the series convergence in a few representative cases.
On Best-Arm Identification with a Fixed Budget in Non-Parametric Multi-Armed Bandits
Creators: name: Barrier, Antoine
name: Garivier, Aurélien
name: Stoltz, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We lay the foundations of a non-parametric theory of best-arm identification in multi-armed bandits with a fixed budget T. We consider general, possibly non-parametric, models D for distributions over the arms; an overarching example is the model D = P(0,1) of all probability distributions over [0,1]. We propose upper bounds on the average log-probability of misidentifying the optimal arm based on information-theoretic quantities that correspond to infima over Kullback-Leibler divergences between some distributions in D and a given distribution. This is made possible by a refined analysis of the successive-rejects strategy of Audibert, Bubeck, and Munos (2010). We finally provide lower bounds on the same average log-probability, also in terms of the same new information-theoretic quantities; these lower bounds are larger when the (natural) assumptions on the considered strategies are stronger. All these new upper and lower bounds generalize existing bounds based, e.g., on gaps between distributions.
(400383) Emily Susannnah Lockwood
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Consistency of the recent ATLAS $Z+E_T^{\rm miss}$ excess in a simplified GGM model
Creators: name: Allanach, Ben
name: Raklev, Are
name: Kvellestad, Anders
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ATLAS recently reported a $3σ$ excess in a leptonic-$Z+E_T^{\rm miss}$ channel. This was interpreted in the literature in a simplified General Gauge Mediation model containing a gluino, a higgsino next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle (NLSP) and a gravitino lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP). We test the consistency of this explanation in lieu of the results of the corresponding search in CMS, and other LHC searches for New Physics. Due to non-decoupling effects from squarks the parameter space of these models is split into two regions; in one region additional leptons via top quark production is expected, while the other region sees a large probability for zero-lepton events. After combining the relevant constraints we find that these models cannot explain the ATLAS excess.
description: Extended discussion of results, added two figures, minor corrections. 7 pages, 6 figures
Supplement for allosteric interactions in a birod model of DNA
Creators: name: Jaspreet Singh
name: Purohit, Prashant K.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Mechanics
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Several calculations have been omitted from the main text for the sake of brevity. They are given in this supplement in detail.
title: Introducing an Open-Source Simulation Model for Track Rollers Considering Friction
Creators: name: Wenzel, Jan
name: Bienefeld, Christoph
name: Kretschmer, Alexander
name: Kirchner, Eckhard
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2022

description: Locating bearing track rollers are used, for example, in monorail transport systems to enable relative movement between the rail and the shuttle. Due to the two-point contact, both radial and axial forces can be transmitted simultaneously. Since friction is involved, the state of the art does not provide any calculation rules for the dimensioning and design. The development of a calculation model with sophisticated commercial software brings its difficulties since no plausibility check is possible using existing models. For this reason, a model based on analytical descriptions including the Hertzian and the elastic half space theories is presented in this paper. It bridges the gap between very simple approaches and widely developed commercial software. With this model, the contact forces, friction forces, surface tensions, relative velocities and subsurface stresses can be calculated for both free and driven rolling. The main advantages are that the model is easy to apply, and thus comparisons between different track roller designs can be made quickly.
Threshold cascade dynamics on signed random networks
Creators: name: Lee, Kyu-Min
name: Lee, Sungmin
name: Min, Byungjoon
name: Goh, K. -I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relationships between individuals in a social network, genes in biological systems, and spins in magnetic systems often reflect a mixture of positive (friendly) and negative (antagonistic) interactions. However, most studies of complex networks have focused on networks consisting of solely positive interactions. Here, we study threshold cascades on signed networks composed of both positive and negative connections, focusing on when a pair of nodes connected by a negative link can only be activated exclusively to each other. We found that the negative interactions not only suppress global cascades, but also induce the heterogeneity in activation patterns manifesting from single-node to network levels. Our results suggest that negative interactions may be an important source of the variability in cascading dynamics.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
High-Q Tantalum Oxide Nanomechanical Resonators by Laser-Oxidation of TaSe2
Creators: name: Cartamil-Bueno, Santiago J.
name: Steeneken, Peter G.
name: Tichelaar, Frans D.
name: Navarro-Moratalla, Efren
name: Venstra, Warner J.
name: van Leeuwen, Ronald
name: Coronado, Eugenio
name: van der Zant, Herre S. J.
name: Steele, Gary A.
name: Castellanos-Gomez, Andres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Controlling the strain in two-dimensional materials is an interesting avenue to tailor the mechanical properties of nanoelectromechanical systems. Here we demonstrate a technique to fabricate ultrathin tantalum oxide nanomechanical resonators with large stress by laser-oxidation of nano-drumhead resonators made out of tantalum diselenide (TaSe2), a layered 2D material belonging to the metal dichalcogenides. Prior to the study of their mechanical properties with a laser interferometer, we checked the oxidation and crystallinity of the freely-suspended tantalum oxide in a high-resolution electron microscope. We show that the stress of tantalum oxide resonators increase by 140 MPa (with respect to pristine TaSe2 resonators) which causes an enhancement of quality factor (14 times larger) and resonance frequency (9 times larger) of these resonators.
Escherichia coli heme oxygenase modulates host innate immune responses: Bacteria modulate the immune response
Creators: name: Otterbein, Leo E.
name: Hansen, Jonathan J.
name: Maharshak, Nitsan
name: Fan, Ting-Jia
name: Carroll, Ian M.
name: Plevy, Scott E.
name: Ryu, Hyungjin Sally
name: Wong, Ron
name: Schulz, Stephanie
name: Otterbein, Sherrie L.
name: Onyiah, Joseph C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Induction of mammalian heme oxygenase-1 and exposure of animals to carbon monoxide ameliorates experimental colitis. When enteric bacteria, including Escherichia coli, are exposed to low iron conditions, they express an heme oxygenase-like enzyme, chuS, and metabolize heme into iron, biliverdin and carbon monoxide. Given the abundance of enteric bacteria residing in the intestinal lumen, we hypothesized that commensal intestinal bacteria may be a significant source of carbon monoxide, with the consequence that enteric bacteria expressing chuS and other heme oxygenase -like molecules suppress inflammatory immune responses through release of carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide exposed mice have altered enteric bacterial composition and increased E. coli 16S and chuS DNA by real-time PCR. Moreover, severity of experimental colitis correlates with increased E. coli chuS expression in IL-10 deficient mice. To explore functional roles, E. coli were genetically modified to overexpress chuS or the chuS gene was deleted. Co-culture of chuS-overexpressing E. coli with bone marrow derived macrophages results in decreased IL-12 p40 and increased IL-10 secretion compared to wild-type or chuS-deficient E. coli. Mice infected with chuS-overexpressing E. coli have increased levels of hepatic carbon monoxide and decreased serum IL-12 p40 compared to mice infected with chuS-deficient E. coli. Thus, carbon monoxide alters the composition of the commensal intestinal microbiota and expands E. coli populations harboring the chuS gene. These bacteria are capable of attenuating innate immune responses through expression of chuS. Bacterial heme oxygenase -like molecules and bacterial-derived carbon monoxide may represent novel targets for therapeutic intervention in inflammatory conditions.
Analysis-preserving video microscopy compression via correlation and mathematical morphology: MICROSCOPY VIDEO COMPRESSION BASED ON CORRELATION AND MATHEMATICAL MORPHOLOGY
Creators: name: Taylor, Russell M.
name: Osborne, Lukas D.
name: Zhong, Alfred
name: Superfine, Richard
name: Cribb, Jeremy
name: Shao, Chong
name: O'Brien, E. Timothy
name: Mayer-Patel, Ketan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The large amount video data produced by multi-channel, high-resolution microscopy system drives the need for a new high-performance domain-specific video compression technique. We describe a novel compression method for video microscopy data. The method is based on Pearson's correlation and mathematical morphology. The method makes use of the point-spread function (PSF) in the microscopy video acquisition phase. We compare our method to other lossless compression methods and to lossy JPEG, JPEG2000 and H.264 compression for various kinds of video microscopy data including fluorescence video and brightfield video. We find that for certain data sets, the new method compresses much better than lossless compression with no impact on analysis results. It achieved a best compressed size of 0.77% of the original size, 25× smaller than the best lossless technique (which yields 20% for the same video). The compressed size scales with the video's scientific data content. Further testing showed that existing lossy algorithms greatly impacted data analysis at similar compression sizes.
(400384) Adilade E Edward
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Nutzer, Sammler, Entscheidungsträger? Arten der Bürgerbeteiligung in Smart Cities
Creators: name: Haunschild, Jasmin
name: Demuth, Kilian
name: Geiß, Henri-Jacques
name: Richter, Christian
name: Reuter, Christian
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2022

description: Digitalisierung ist ein präsenter Faktor in vielen Städten. So existieren bereits viele Smart-City-Initiativen, bei denen Städte versuchen, ihre Prozesse durch Erfassung und Verknüpfung von Daten, oft unter Zuhilfenahme von Datenplattformen, zu optimieren. In Anbetracht der damit einhergehenden großen Investitionen und Veränderungen wird Bürgerbeteiligung als zentraler Faktor für den Erfolg solcher Initiativen betrachtet. Bisher ist allerdings nicht klar, was typische Beteiligungsformate von Smart-City-Initiativen sind und welche Rolle(n) BürgerInnen dabei einnehmen. Dieser Beitrag leitet mittels einer Literaturanalyse zu Smart Cities ein Kategorienschema zu typischen Bürgerbeteiligungsarten ab. Die Analyse ergab, dass sich Einbindung von BürgerInnen in politische Entscheidungen und bei der Entwicklung technischer Artefakte maßgeblich auf e‑Government oder Participatory Design bezieht. Im Hinblick auf die Beteiligungsarten zeigt sich, dass Makrofabriken, Living Labs und Open-Data-Plattformen häufige Ansätze sind, um BürgerInnen als Co-Creators einzubinden. Zudem werden BürgerInnen mit Citizen Sensing zur Erfassung von Daten oder Missständen einbezogen. Dabei zeigen sich sowohl aktivere, als auch eher passive Beteiligungsarten. Die Analyse zeigt, dass die Einbindung von BürgerInnen häufig entweder auf eine Beteiligung an politischen Entscheidungen oder an der Entwicklung technischer Artefakte abzielt. Auch wenn keine klare Abgrenzung möglich ist, sind diese Ansätze dann eher durch e‑Government oder Participatory Design inspiriert.
Detection of Acute HIV Infection in Two Evaluations of a New HIV Diagnostic Testing Algorithm — United States, 2011–2013
Creators: name: Tomlinson, Cheri
name: Geren, Kara
name: Hobohm, Dan
name: Branson, Bernard
name: Moss, Nicholas
name: Peters, Philip
name: Pandori, Mark
name: Gardner, Ann
name: Reardon-Maynard, Deborah
name: Hightow-Weidman, Lisa
name: Westheimer, Emily
name: Gay, Cindy
name: Moore, Eric
name: Tsoi, Benjamin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The highly infectious phase of acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, defined as the interval between the appearance of HIV RNA in plasma and the detection of HIV-1-specific antibodies, contributes disproportionately to HIV transmission. The current HIV diagnostic algorithm consists of a repeatedly reactive immunoassay (IA), followed by a supplemental test, such as the Western blot (WB) or indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Because current laboratory IAs detect HIV infection earlier than supplemental tests, reactive IA results and negative supplemental test results very early in the course of HIV infection have been erroneously interpreted as negative. To address this problem, CDC has been evaluating a new HIV diagnostic algorithm. This report describes two evaluations of this algorithm. An HIV screening program at a Phoenix, Arizona emergency department (ED) identified 37 undiagnosed HIV infections during July 2011-February 2013. Of these, 12 (32.4%) were acute HIV infections. An ongoing HIV testing study in three sites identified 99 cases with reactive IA and negative supplemental test results; 55 (55.6%) had acute HIV infection. CDC and many health departments recognize that confirmatory supplemental tests can give false-negative results early in the course of HIV infection. This problem can be resolved by testing for HIV RNA after a reactive IA result and negative supplemental test result.
Mapping Variations of Redshift Distributions with Probability Integral Transforms
Creators: name: Myles, J.
name: Gruen, D.
name: Amon, A.
name: Alarcon, A.
name: DeRose, J.
name: Everett, S.
name: Dodelson, S.
name: Bernstein, G. M.
name: Campos, A.
name: Harrison, I.
name: MacCrann, N.
name: McCullough, J.
name: Raveri, M.
name: Sánchez, C.
name: Troxel, M. A.
name: Yin, B.
name: Abbott, T. M. C.
name: Allam, S.
name: Alves, O.
name: Andrade-Oliveira, F.
name: Bertin, E.
name: Brooks, D.
name: Burke, D. L.
name: Rosell, A. Carnero
name: Kind, M. Carrasco
name: Carretero, J.
name: Cawthon, R.
name: Costanzi, M.
name: da Costa, L. N.
name: Pereira, M. E. S.
name: Desai, S.
name: Doel, P.
name: Ferrero, I.
name: Flaugher, B.
name: Frieman, J.
name: García-Bellido, J.
name: Gatti, M.
name: Gerdes, D. W.
name: Gruendl, R. A.
name: Gschwend, J.
name: Gutierrez, G.
name: Hartley, W. G.
name: Hinton, S. R.
name: Hollowood, D. L.
name: Honscheid, K.
name: James, D. J.
name: Kuehn, K.
name: Lahav, O.
name: Melchior, P.
name: Mena-Fernández, J.
name: Menanteau, F.
name: Miquel, R.
name: Mohr, J. J.
name: Palmese, A.
name: Paz-Chinchón, F.
name: Pieres, A.
name: Malagón, A. A. Plazas
name: Prat, J.
name: Rodriguez-Monroy, M.
name: Sanchez, E.
name: Scarpine, V.
name: Sevilla-Noarbe, I.
name: Smith, M.
name: Suchyta, E.
name: Swanson, M. E. C.
name: Tarle, G.
name: Tucker, D. L.
name: Vincenzi, M.
name: Weaverdyck, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method for mapping variations between probability distribution functions and apply this method within the context of measuring galaxy redshift distributions from imaging survey data. This method, which we name PITPZ for the probability integral transformations it relies on, uses a difference in curves between distribution functions in an ensemble as a transformation to apply to another distribution function, thus transferring the variation in the ensemble to the latter distribution function. This procedure is broadly applicable to the problem of uncertainty propagation. In the context of redshift distributions, for example, the uncertainty contribution due to certain effects can be studied effectively only in simulations, thus necessitating a transfer of variation measured in simulations to the redshift distributions measured from data. We illustrate the use of PITPZ by using the method to propagate photometric calibration uncertainty to redshift distributions of the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 weak lensing source galaxies. For this test case, we find that PITPZ yields a lensing amplitude uncertainty estimate due to photometric calibration error within 1 per cent of the truth, compared to as much as a 30 per cent underestimate when using traditional methods.
Emergency Department Visits by Patients with Mental Health Disorders — North Carolina, 2008–2010
Creators: name: Tintinalli, Judith
name: Waller, Anna
name: DeSelm, Tracy
name: Ising, Amy
name: Hakenewerth, Anne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Patients with mental health disorders (MHDs) use the emergency department (ED) for acute psychiatric emergencies, for injuries and illnesses complicated by or related to their MHD, or when psychiatric or primary-care options are inaccessible or unavailable. An estimated 5% of ambulatory-care visits in the United States during 2007-2008 were made by patients with primary mental health diagnoses. To measure the incidence of ED visits in North Carolina with MHD diagnostic codes (MHD-DCs), the Carolina Center for Health Informatics (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) analyzed ED visits occurring during the period 2008-2010 captured by the North Carolina Disease Event Tracking and Epidemiologic Collection Tool (NC DETECT). This report describes the results of that analysis, which indicated that nearly 10% of ED visits had one or more MHD-DCs assigned to the visit and the rate of MHD-DC-related ED visits increased seven times as much as the overall rate of ED visits in North Carolina during the study period. Those with an MHD-DC were admitted to the hospital from the ED more than twice as often as those without MHD-DCs. Stress, anxiety, and depression were diagnosed in 61% of MHD-DC-related ED visits. The annual rate of MHD-DC-related ED visits for those aged ≥65 years was nearly twice the rate of those aged 25-64 years; half of those aged ≥65 years with MHD-DCs were admitted to the hospital from the ED. Mental health is an important component of public health (4). Surveillance is needed to describe trends in ED use for MHDs to develop strategies to prevent hospitalization, improve access to ambulatory care, and develop new ways to provide ED care for the elderly with MHDs.
(400380) Jane [Gordet]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Parafermionic zero modes in ultracold bosonic systems
Creators: name: Maghrebi, Mohammad F.
name: Ganeshan, Sriram
name: Clarke, David J.
name: Gorshkov, Alexey V.
name: Sau, Jay D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exotic topologically protected zero modes with parafermionic statistics (also called fractionalized Majorana modes) have been proposed to emerge in devices fabricated from a fractional quantum Hall system and a superconductor. The fractionalized statistics of these modes takes them an important step beyond the simplest non-Abelian anyons, Majorana fermions. Building on recent advances towards the realization of fractional quantum Hall states of bosonic ultracold atoms, we propose a realization of parafermions in a system consisting of Bose-Einstein-condensate trenches within a bosonic fractional quantum Hall state. We show that parafermionic zero modes emerge at the endpoints of the trenches and give rise to a topologically protected degeneracy. We also discuss methods for preparing and detecting these modes.
Figure S1: from Haematopietic stem cells: entropic landscapes of differentiation.
Creators: name: K. Wiesner
name: J. Teles
name: M. Hartnor
name: C. Peterson
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Binary Shannon entropy for individual genes quantified in different populations of the EML cell line as described in Figure 2 in the main text. SR - self-renewing cells; CP1 and CP2 are, respectively, early and late committed progenitors; Ediff - Erythroid-differentiated cells.
Convergence analysis for a new faster iteration method
Creators: name: Karakaya, Vatan
name: Atalan, Yunus
name: Dogan, Kadri
name: Bouzara, Nour El Houda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47H10, 47H09

description: In this paper, we introduce a new iteration method and show that this iteration method can be used to approximate fixed point of almost contraction mappings. Furthermore, we prove that the new iteration method is equivalent to both Mann iteration method and Picard-Mann hybrid iteration method and also converges faster than Picard-Mann hybrid iteration method for the class of almost contraction mappings. In addition to these we give a table and graphics for support this result. Finally, we prove a data dependence result for almost contraction mappings by using the new iteration method.
description: 19 pages
A look inside charmed-strange baryons from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Can, K. U.
name: Erkol, G.
name: Oka, M.
name: Takahashi, T. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electromagnetic form factors of the spin-3/2 $Ω$ baryons, namely $Ω$, $Ω_c^\ast$, $Ω_{cc}^\ast$ and $Ω_{ccc}$, are calculated in full QCD on $32^3\times 64$ PACS-CS lattices with a pion mass of 156(9) MeV. The electric charge radii and magnetic moments from the $E0$ and $M1$ multipole form factors are extracted. Results for the electric quadrupole form factors, $E2$, are also given. Quark sector contributions are computed individually for each observable and then combined to obtain the baryon properties. We find that the charm quark contributions are systematically smaller than the strange-quark contributions in the case of the charge radii and magnetic moments. $E2$ moments of the $Ω_{cc}^\ast$ and $Ω_{ccc}$ provide a statistically significant data to conclude that their electric charge distributions are deformed to an oblate shape. Properties of the spin-1/2 $Ω_c$ and $Ω_{cc}$ baryons are also computed and a thorough comparison is given. This complete study gives valuable hints about the heavy-quark dynamics in charmed hadrons.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures. Includes a subsection on the systematic effects
Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices Recommended Immunization Schedule for Adults Aged 19 Years or Older — United States, 2014
Creators: name: Bridges, Carolyn
name: Coyne-Beasley, Tamera
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Vaccines are recommended for adults on the basis of their age, prior vaccinations, health conditions, lifestyle, occupation, and travel. Reasons for current low levels of vaccination coverage for adult vaccines are multifactorial and include limited awareness among the public about vaccines for adults and gaps in incorporation of regular assessments of vaccine needs and vaccination into routine medical care. Updated standards for immunization of adults were approved by the National Vaccine Advisory Committee (NVAC) in September 2013. These standards acknowledge the current low levels of vaccination coverage among adults and the role that all health-care providers, including those who do not offer all recommended adult vaccines in their practices, have in ensuring that their patients are up-to-date on recommended vaccines. NVAC recommends that providers assess vaccination needs for their patients at each visit, recommend needed vaccines, and then, ideally, offer the vaccine or, if the provider does not stock the needed vaccines, refer the patient to a provider who does vaccinate. Vaccinating providers should also ensure that patients and their referring health-care providers have documentation of the vaccination.
HIV Infection Among Partners of HIV-Infected Black Men Who Have Sex with Men — North Carolina, 2011–2013
Creators: name: Shankar, Anupama
name: Switzer, William
name: Beagle, Steve
name: Peters, Philip
name: Hightow-Weidman, Lisa
name: Gay, Cindy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has significantly increased among black men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States, and young black MSM have been disproportionately affected. HIVinfected black MSM are also less likely to engage in HIV care and achieve viral suppression than MSM of other races/ethnicities. Engaging in care and achieving viral suppression is a multistep process that starts with diagnosis. Diagnosing persons unaware of their HIV status traditionally has been a critical component of HIV partner services, but partner services also provide an important opportunity to reengage HIVinfected partners in medical care. One approach for partner services involves contacting partners of persons with newly diagnosed HIV infection and using sexual and social network and molecular phylogenetic data to improve the continuum of HIV care among black MSM. To evaluate the effectiveness of that approach, results from a prospective partner services study conducted in North Carolina were examined, and one of the partner networks identified through this study was evaluated in depth. Overall, partner services were provided to 30 black, HIV-infected MSM who named 95 sex partners and social contacts, of whom 39 (41%) previously had been diagnosed with HIV infection. The partner network evaluation demonstrated that HIV-infected and HIV-negative partners were frequently in the same network, and that the majority of HIV-infected partners were already aware of their diagnosis but had not achieved viral suppression. Using partner services to ensure that HIV-infected partners are linked to care and treatment might reduce HIV transmission and might improve outcomes along the continuum of care.
Quasi-parabolic Composition Operators on Weighted Bergman Spaces
Creators: name: Gül, Uğur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work we study the essential spectra of composition operators on weighted Bergman spaces of analytic functions which might be termed as "quasi-parabolic." This is the class of composition operators on $A_α^{2}$ with symbols whose conjugate with the Cayley transform on the upper half-plane are of the form $φ(z)=$ $z+ψ(z)$, where $ψ\in$ $H^{\infty}(\mathbb{H})$ and $\Im(ψ(z)) > ε> 0$. We especially examine the case where $ψ$ is discontinuous at infinity. A new method is devised to show that this type of composition operators fall in a C*-algebra of Toeplitz operators and Fourier multipliers. This method enables us to provide new examples of essentially normal composition operators and to calculate their essential spectra.
description: 19 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1002.4640, arXiv:1205.6054
Figure S1: from Haematopietic stem cells: entropic landscapes of differentiation
Creators: name: K. Wiesner
name: J. Teles
name: M. Hartnor
name: C. Peterson
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Binary Shannon entropy for individual genes quantified in different populations of the EML cell line as described in Figure 2 in the main text. SR - self-renewing cells; CP1 and CP2 are, respectively, early and late committed progenitors; Ediff - Erythroid-differentiated cells.
(400378) Charles Edward
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Kinetic model facilitates analysis of fibrin generation and its modulation by clotting factors: implications for hemostasis-enhancing therapies
Creators: name: Reifman, Jaques
name: Mitrophanov, Alexander Y.
name: Wolberg, Alisa S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: We developed a computational model that accounts for essential kinetic features of thrombin generation, fibrin formation, and fibrinolysis in diverse in vitro systems. We applied it to characterize strategies to improve hemostasis.
title: On Scaled Normal Stresses in Multiaxial Fatigue and Their Exemplary Application to Ductile Cast Iron
Creators: name: Wächter, Michael
name: Linn, Alexander
name: Wuthenow, Ralf
name: Esderts, Alfons
name: Gaier, Christian
name: Kraft, Jan
name: Fällgren, Carl
name: Vormwald, Michael
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2022

description: The approaches used to calculate the fatigue life of components must inevitably consider multiaxial stresses. Compared to proportional loading, the calculation of nonproportional loading is particularly challenging, especially since different materials exhibit the effects of nonproportional hardening and shifts in fatigue life. In this paper, the critical plane approach of scaled normal stresses, first proposed by Gaier and Dannbauer and later published in a modified version by Riess et al., is investigated in detail. It is shown that, on the one hand, compatibilities exist or can be established with known proportional strength criteria that can account for the varying ductility of different materials. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the scaled normal stress approach can be formulated in such a way that different strength criteria can be used therein. As an example, the generally formulated approach for scaled normal stresses is applied to test results from ductile cast iron material EN-GJS-500-14. Different correction factors accounting for nonproportional loading are investigated. Through appropriate parameterization of one of the studied corrections, proportional and nonproportional test results were observed to fall within one common scatter band.
Role of salivary and candidal proteins in denture stomatitis: an exploratory proteomic analysis
Creators: name: Bencharit, Sompop
name: Barros, Silvana
name: Schwartz-Baxter, Sarah
name: Carlson, Jim
name: Byrd, Warren C.
name: Offenbacher, Steven
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Denture stomatitis is an interaction between host and candidal organisms modifying by proteins from serum, tissue, and saliva as well as microbial environment of the denture.
Energy, momentum and angular momentum conservations in de Sitter special relativity
Creators: name: Lu, Jia-An
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In de Sitter (dS) special relativity (SR), two kinds of conserved currents are derived. The first kind is a 5-dimensional (5d) dS-covariant angular momentum (AM) current, which unites the energy-momentum (EM) and 4d AM current in an inertial-type coordinate system. The second kind is a dS-invariant AM current, which can be generalized to a conserved current for the coupling system of the matter field and gravitational field in dS gravity. Moreover, an inherent EM tensor is predicted, which comes from the spin part of the dS-covariant current. All the above results are compared to the ordinary SR with Lorentz invariance.
description: 8 pages, title changed