cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Non-circular semiconductor nanorings of type I and II: Emission kinetics in the exciton Aharonov-Bohm effect
Creators: name: Grochol, Michal
name: Zimmermann, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transition energies and oscillator strengths of excitons in dependence on magnetic field are investigated in type I and II semiconductor nanorings. A slight deviation from circular (concentric) shape of the type II nanoring gives a better observability of the Aharonov-Bohm oscillations since the ground state is always optically active. Kinetic equations for the exciton occupation are solved with acoustic phonon scattering as the major relaxation process, and absorption and luminescence spectra are calculated showing deviations from equilibrium. The presence of a non-radiative exciton decay leads to a quenching of the integrated photoluminescence with magnetic field.
description: The first version submitted to Phys. Rev. B on April 16, 2007. Revised (this) version on July 31, 2007
Simultaneous Determination of the Cosmic Ray Ionization Rate and Fractional Ionization in DR21(OH)
Creators: name: Hezareh, T.
name: Houde, M.
name: McCoey, C.
name: Vastel, C.
name: Peng, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method for the simultaneous calculation of the cosmic ray ionization rate, zeta(H2), and the ionization fraction, chi(e), in dense molecular clouds. A simple network of chemical reactions dominant in the creation and destruction of HCNH+ and HCO+ is used in conjunction with observed pairs of rotational transitions of several molecular species in order to determine the electron abundance and the H3+ abundance. The cosmic ray ionization rate is then calculated by taking advantage of the fact that, in dark clouds, it governs the rate of creation of H3+. We apply this technique to the case of the star-forming region DR21(OH), where we successfully detected the (J=3-2) and (J=4-3) rotational transitions of HCNH+. We also determine the C and O isotopic ratios in this source to be 12C/13C=63+-4 and 16O/18O=318+-64, which are in good agreement with previous measurements in other clouds. The significance of our method lies in the ability to determine N(H3+) and chi(e) directly from observations, and estimate zeta(H2) accordingly. Our results, zeta(H2)=3.1x10^(-18) 1/s and chi(e)=3.2x10^(-8), are consistent with recent determinations in other objects.
description: 22 pages, including 3 figures
Panicum 1984-2016 Response Curves
Creators: name: Frailey, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Atmospheric Sciences
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Panicum 1984-2016 Response Curves
Oreogrammitis plana Parris & Sundue 2020, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Parris, Barbara S.
name: Sundue, Michael A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Polypodiales
Polypodiaceae
Oreogrammitis
Oreogrammitis plana

description: 26. Oreogrammitis plana (Alderw.) Parris & Sundue, comb. nov.
Based on Polypodium planum Alderw., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 2, 16: 32 (1914). Type:— INDONESIA. Sumatra: Singgalang, 6000 ft, February 1912, Matthew 501 (lectotype BO!, chosen by Parris (2007)).
Synonyms: Grammitis plana (Alderw.) Parris, Fern Gaz. 12: 180 (1981). Radiogrammitis plana (Alderw.) Parris, Gard. Bull. Singapore 58: 244 (2007).
description: Published as part of Parris, Barbara S. & Sundue, Michael A., 2020, The fern genus Oreogrammitis (Grammitidoideae: Polypodiaceae) re-defined, pp. 45-54 in Phytotaxa 436 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.436.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13874603
Propagation of UHE protons through a magnetized large scale structure
Creators: name: Kang, Hyesung
name: Das, Santabrata
name: Ryu, Dongsu
name: Cho, Jungyeon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of UHECRs is affected by the intergalactic magnetic fields that were produced during the course of the large scale structure formation of the universe. We adopt a novel model where the large scale extragalactic magnetic fields (EGMF) are estimated from local dynamic properties of the gas flows in hydrodynamic simulations of a concordance LambdaCDM universe. With the model magnetic fields, we calculate the deflection angle, time delay and energy spectrum of protons with E > 10^{19} eV that are injected at cosmological sources and then travel through the large scale structure of the universe, losing the energy due to interactions with the cosmic background radiation. Implications of this study on the origin of UHECRs are discussed.
description: 4 page, 3 figures, To appear in the Proceedings of the 30th ICRC, Merida, Mexico, with minor changes
Neognopharmia stevenaria
Creators: name: Manceñido-González, David César
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Neognopharmia
Neognopharmia stevenaria

description: Neognopharmia stevenaria (Boisduval, 1840) (Fig. 2)
Material estudiado: Villar de los Barrios (29 TQH 00), 680 m, 16-V-2023, 1♂ (genitalia preparación nº GE0813, D.C. Manceñido col.) mediante trampa lumínica alimentada con batería, N. de la Carrera leg., D.C. Manceñido det. (no se conserva el ejemplar); San Lorenzo del Bierzo (29 TPH90), 685 m, 16-V-2023, 1♂ mediante una trampa lumínica alimentada con batería, N. Llanos leg., D.C. Manceñido det. y col.
description: Published as part of Manceñido-González, David César, 2024, Catálogo actualizado y nuevos datos de los macroheteróceros de la provincia de León (NO España), VIII (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 3-23 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 28 on page 7, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11372884
Idaea seriata
Creators: name: Manceñido-González, David César
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Idaea
Idaea seriata

description: Idaea seriata (Schrank, 1802) (Fig. 3)
Material estudiado: Sahaġn (30 TUM 39), 830 m, 29-V-2023, 1♂ (genitalia preparación nº GE0794, D.C. Manceñido col.) revisando el alumbrado ṗblico, D.C. Manceñido leg., det. y col. Nueva para Castilla y León.
description: Published as part of Manceñido-González, David César, 2024, Catálogo actualizado y nuevos datos de los macroheteróceros de la provincia de León (NO España), VIII (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 3-23 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 28 on page 7, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11372884
Brachodes funebris
Creators: name: Manceñido-González, David César
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Brachodidae
Brachodes
Brachodes funebris

description: Brachodes funebris (Feisthamel, 1833) (Fig. 1)
Material estudiado: Compludo (29 TQH 00), 865 m, 17-VII-2023, 1♀ fotografiada durante el día, C. Martínez leg., Á. Blázquez y D.C. Manceñido det.
description: Published as part of Manceñido-González, David César, 2024, Catálogo actualizado y nuevos datos de los macroheteróceros de la provincia de León (NO España), VIII (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 3-23 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 28 on page 7, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11372884
Imaging galactic diffuse gas: Bright, turbulent CO surrounding the line of sight to NRAO150
Creators: name: Pety, Jérôme
name: Lucas, Robert
name: Liszt, Harvey S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To understand the environment and extended structure of the host galactic gas whose molecular absorption line chemistry, we previously observed along the microscopic line of sight to the blazar/radiocontinuum source NRAO150 (aka B0355+508), we used the IRAM 30m Telescope and Plateau de Bure Interferometer to make two series of images of the host gas: i) 22.5 arcsec resolution single-dish maps of 12CO J=1-0 and 2-1 emission over a 220 arcsec by 220 arcsec field; ii) a hybrid (interferometer+singledish) aperture synthesis mosaic of 12CO J=1-0 emission at 5.8 arcsec resolution over a 90 arcsec-diameter region. CO components that are observed in absorption at a moderate optical depth (0.5) and are undetected in emission at 1 arcmin resolution toward NRAO 150 remain undetected at 6 arcsec resolution. This implies that they are not a previously-hidden large-scale molecular component revealed in absorption, but they do highlight the robustness of the chemistry into regions where the density and column density are too low to produce much rotational excitation, even in CO. Bright CO lines around NRAO150 most probably reflect the variation of a chemical process, i.e. the C+-CO conversion. However, the ultimate cause of the variations of this chemical process in such a limited field of view remains uncertain.
description: 18 pages, 22 PostScript files giving 14 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics in the letter section. Uses aa LaTeX macros
Idaea cervantaria
Creators: name: Manceñido-González, David César
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Idaea
Idaea cervantaria

description: Idaea cervantaria (Millière, 1869)
Material estudiado: San Lorenzo del Bierzo (29 TPH 90), 685 m, 16-V-2023, 1♂ mediante trampa lumínica alimentada con batería, N. Llanos leg., D.C. Manceñido det. (no se conserva el ejemplar); Carracedo de Compludo (29 TQH 10), 870 m, 20-V-2023, 1♂ (genitalia preparación nº GE0796, D.C. Manceñido col.) mediante trampa lumínica alimentada con batería, C. Martínez leg., D.C. Manceñido det. (no se conserva el ejemplar); Santalavilla (29 TPG 99), 515 m, 21-V-2023, 1♂ mediante trampa lumínica alimentada con batería, F. Bayo leg., D.C. Manceñido det. (no se conserva el ejemplar).
description: Published as part of Manceñido-González, David César, 2024, Catálogo actualizado y nuevos datos de los macroheteróceros de la provincia de León (NO España), VIII (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 3-23 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 28 on page 8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11372884
Oreogrammitis pseudoxiphopteris Parris & Sundue 2020, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Parris, Barbara S.
name: Sundue, Michael A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Polypodiales
Polypodiaceae
Oreogrammitis
Oreogrammitis pseudoxiphopteris

description: 27. Oreogrammitis pseudoxiphopteris (Parris) Parris & Sundue, comb. nov.
Based on Grammitis pseudoxiphopteris Parris, Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 40: t. 3975 (1990). Type:— MALAYSIA. Peninsular Malaysia: Johor, Gunung Belumut, c. 1000 m, 14 May 1968, Dransfield 837b (holotype KLU!).
Synonym: Radiogrammitis pseudoxiphopteris (Parris) Parris, Gard. Bull. Singapore 58: 244 (2007).
description: Published as part of Parris, Barbara S. & Sundue, Michael A., 2020, The fern genus Oreogrammitis (Grammitidoideae: Polypodiaceae) re-defined, pp. 45-54 in Phytotaxa 436 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.436.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13874603
Isothermal Plasma Waves in Gravitomagnetic Planar Analogue
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Sheikh, Umber
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the wave properties of the Kerr black hole with isothermal plasma using 3+1 ADM formalism. The corresponding Fourier analyzed perturbed GRMHD equations are used to obtain the dispersion relations. These relations lead to the real values of the components of wave vector $\textbf{k}$ which are used to evaluate the quantities like phase and group velocities etc. These have been discussed graphically in the neighborhood of the pair production region. The results obtained verify the conclusion of Mackay et al. according to which rotation of a black hole is required for negative phase velocity propagation.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication Class. Quantum Grav
CASOS CLÍNICOS PARA SIMULAÇÃO REALÍSTICA PARA ATENDIMENTO FARMACÊUTICO NO ESTÁGIO SUPERVISIONADO DE CUIDADOS FARMACÊUTICOS : PACIENTES PORTADORES DE HIPERTENSÃO ARTERIAL SISTÊMICA E DIABETES MELLITUS
Creators: name: Nunes, Mariana Moreira
name: Cabral, Daniel Alves
name: Freitas, Juliana Vianna de
name: Pinheiro, Taynah da Silva
name: Nogueira, Thaísa Amorim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Este material foi elaborado pelos monitores do projeto  Iniciação a docência em práticas de cuidados farmacêuticos (MAFA0002) sob orientação das professoras Taynah da Silva Pinheiro e Thaísa Amorim Nogueira. O objetivo foi orientar a prática de simulação realística durante as aulas da disciplina Estágio Supervisionado em Cuidados Farmacêuticos (MAF 00067) do Departamento de Farmácia e Administração Farmacêutica (MAF) da Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade Federal Fluminense no ano de 2023.
Kurzia (Rostrokurzia) brevilabris Rajapaksa et Fernando 1986
Creators: name: Gusakov, Vladimir A.
name: Dien, Tran Duc
name: Tran, Hoan Quoc
name: Thanh, Nguyen Thi Hai
name: Huan, Phan Trong
name: Ha, Vo Thi
name: Dinh, Cu Nguyen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Branchiopoda
Anomopoda
Chydoridae
Kurzia
Kurzia brevilabris

description: 28. Kurzia (Rostrokurzia) brevilabris Rajapaksa et Fernando, 1986
Localities and specimens found: 15 – 1♀; 16 – 1♀ ov, 1♀ em; 61 – 1♀; 65 – 1♀, 1♀ ov, 1♀ em, 1j.
Distribution and ecology. Kurzia brevilabris is a representative of the Oriental fauna. The species is rather common in the region (Rajapaksa & Fernando 1986b; Hudec 2000; Sharma & Sharma 2012, 2017; Chatterjee et al. 2013; Korovchinsky 2013; Kotov et al. 2013b; Sinev et al. 2015; Sinev 2016; Sinev & Yusoff 2018; Tiang-Nga et al. 2020; Choedchim & Maiphae 2023). It is noted that some previous mentions of K. longirostris (Daday, 1898) in the region (e.g., by Idris (1983) for Malaysia) in fact also refer to K. brevilabris (Sinev 2016). In Vietnam, finds of K. brevilabris are not yet numerous (Sinev & Korovchinsky 2013; Sinev & Semenyuk 2021; present study).
Kurzia brevilabris is mainly confined to shallow biotopes with rich aquatic vegetation. It occurs in various permanent and temporary water bodies: lakes, reservoirs, ponds, rice fields, swamps, floodplains, flooded forest areas, streams (Idris 1983; Sinev & Korovchinsky 2013; Gusakov et al. 2014; Sinev et al. 2015; Sinev 2016; Gogoi et al. 2018; Sinev & Yusoff 2018; Sinev & Semenyuk 2021; Choedchim & Maiphae 2023). We found the species in two lakes and a temporary roadside pool (see Appendix 1).
description: Published as part of Gusakov, Vladimir A., Dien, Tran Duc, Tran, Hoan Quoc, Thanh, Nguyen Thi Hai, Huan, Phan Trong, Ha, Vo Thi & Dinh, Cu Nguyen, 2025, An annotated checklist of the main representatives of meiobenthos from inland water bodies of Central and Southern Vietnam. III. Water fleas (Cladocera), pp. 401-455 in Zootaxa 5613 (3) on page 417, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/15216705
Genetic differentiation of Hawaiian Bidens
Creators: name: Helenurm, Kaius
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Adaptive radiation is the evolutionary divergence of a group of organisms from a common ancestor to exploit different ecological niches. Bidens has undergone extensive adaptive radiation on the Hawaiian Islands. The 19 Hawaiian species exhibit much more morphological and ecological differentiation than the continental members of the genus. However, the Hawaiian taxa are chromosomally homogeneous and retain the capacity to interbreed in all possible combinations. Thus the morphological and ecological differentiation in Hawaiian Bidens has been attained without the existence of reproductive isolating mechanisms. Although some hybrid populations are known, hybridization usually does not occur in nature because the species are found in different habitats. Preliminary genetic studies have suggested that some of the morphological differences between taxa may be controlled by very few genes. Genetic differentiation may therefore not extend to other parts of the genome, such as to structural genes for enzymes. Most plant groups that have been studied electrophoretically show a correlation between morphological differentiation and genetic differentiation, but opposing predictions can be made about the extent of divergence at isozyme loci in Hawaiian Bidens. The morphological and ecological data suggest that the taxa are highly differentiated genetically, but the chromosomal similarity of species, the genetic studies of morphological characters and the absence of genetically controlled isolating mechanisms suggest that genetic differences among the taxa may be limited to only a small portion of the genome and may not include isozyme loci. Populations of the Hawaiian taxa of Bidens were compared at 23 loci controlling 9 enzyme systems. In general, populations are more polymorphic than populations of most other plant species that have been studied electrophoretically. Little genetic differentiation has occurred among taxa in spite of the high levels of genetic variability, however. Genetic identities calculated for pairs of populations show that populations of the same taxon are genetically more similar than populations belonging to different taxa, but all values are high. The genetic differentiation that has occurred among the taxa of Hawaiian Bidens is comparable to the genetic differences among populations of continental species. Moreover, there is no correlation between the isozyme data and morphological data. No groups of taxa are evident in the genetic data although morphological groups exist. Genetic differentiation at isozyme loci has not occurred at the same rate as the acquisition of adaptive morphological and ecological characters in Hawaiian Bidens. Adaptive radiation therefore does not require genetic change throughout the genome and may be limited to the genes controlling morphological and ecological characters.
Epirrita autumnata
Creators: name: Manceñido-González, David César
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Epirrita
Epirrita autumnata

description: Epirrita autumnata (Borkhausen, 1794) (Fig. 4)
Material estudiado: Salentinos (29 TQH 14), 1030 m, 10-X-2023, 1♂ (genitalia preparación nº GE0819, D.C. Manceñido col.) mediante trampa lumínica alimentada con batería, H. Ruiz leg., D.C. Manceñido det. y col. Nueva para Castilla y León.
description: Published as part of Manceñido-González, David César, 2024, Catálogo actualizado y nuevos datos de los macroheteróceros de la provincia de León (NO España), VIII (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 3-23 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 28 on page 8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11372884
The Star Formation Rate - Dense Gas Relation in the Nuclei of Nearby Galaxies
Creators: name: Narayanan, Desika
name: Cox, Thomas J.
name: Hernquist, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the relationship between the star formation rate (SFR) and dense molecular gas mass in the nuclei of galaxies. To do this, we utilize the observed 850 micron luminosity as a proxy for the infrared luminosity and SFR, and correlate this with the observed CO (J=3-2) luminosity. We find tentative evidence that the LIR-CO (J=3-2) index is similar to the Kennicutt-Schmidt (KS) index (N ~ 1.5) in the central ~1.7 kpc of galaxies, and flattens to a roughly linear index when including emission from the entire galaxy. This result may imply that the volumetric Schmidt relation is the underlying driver behind the observed SFR-dense gas correlations, and provides tentative confirmation for recent numerical models. While the data exclude the possibility of a constant LIR-CO (J=3-2) index for both galaxy nuclei and global measurements at the ~80% confidence level, the considerable error bars cannot preclude alternative interpretations.
description: Accepted at ApJ Letters
İçme Sularından Amonyak, Demir ve Mangan Giderimi
Creators: name: ASAAD OLABİ
name: Sayiter YILDIZ
name: AYGÜN, Ahmet
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 50205 Environmental Management
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: İçme Sularından Amonyak, Demir ve Mangan Giderimi
Model-independent WIMP Searches at the ILC
Creators: name: Bartels, C.
name: List, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility to detect WIMPs at the ILC in a model-independent way using events with single photons. The study is done with a full detector simulation of the LDC detector and MarlinReco. It turns out that WIMPs are observable this way at the ILC if their coupling to electrons is not too small. Beam polarisation can increase the accessible phase space significantly.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Toric Calabi-Yau four-folds dual to Chern-Simons-matter theories
Creators: name: Ueda, Kazushi
name: Yamazaki, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method to find gravity duals to a large class of three-dimensional Chern-Simons-matter theories, using techniques from dimer models. The gravity dual is given by M-theory on AdS_4\times Y_7, where Y_7 is an arbitrary seven-dimensional toric Sasaki-Einstein manifold. The cone of Y_7 is a toric Calabi-Yau 4-fold, which coincides with a branch of the vacuum moduli space of Chern-Simons-matter theories.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures; v3: published version in JHEP, discussion in section 4.2 extended
Oreogrammitis pullei Parris & Sundue 2020, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Parris, Barbara S.
name: Sundue, Michael A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Polypodiales
Polypodiaceae
Oreogrammitis
Oreogrammitis pullei

description: 28. Oreogrammitis pullei (Alston) Parris & Sundue, comb. nov.
Based on Polypodium pullei Alston, J. Bot. 78: 229 (1940). Type:— INDONESIA. Indonesian New Guinea: Bijenhorfbivak, 1800 m, 18 December 1911, Pulle 765 (holotype U! photo; isotypes BM, L!).
Synonyms: Themelium pullei (Alston) Parris, Kew Bull. 65: 124 (2010); Grammitis pullei (Alston) Christenh., Global Flora 4: 54 (2018).
description: Published as part of Parris, Barbara S. & Sundue, Michael A., 2020, The fern genus Oreogrammitis (Grammitidoideae: Polypodiaceae) re-defined, pp. 45-54 in Phytotaxa 436 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.436.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13874603
Confirmation of the Electron Cyclotron Maser Instability as the Dominant Source of Radio Emission from Very Low Mass Stars and Brown Dwarfs
Creators: name: Hallinan, G.
name: Antonova, A.
name: Doyle, J. G.
name: Bourke, S.
name: Lane, C.
name: Golden, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on radio observations of the M8.5 dwarf LSR J1835+3259 and the L3.5 dwarf 2MASS J00361617+1821104, which provide the strongest evidence to date that the electron cyclotron maser instability is the dominant mechanism producing radio emission in the magnetospheres of ultracool dwarfs. As has previously been reported for the M9 dwarf TVLM 513-46546, periodic pulses of 100% circularly polarized, coherent radio emission are detected from both dwarfs with periods of 2.84 +/- 0.01 and 3.08 +/- 0.05 hours respectively for LSR J1835+3259 and 2MASS J00361617+1821104. Importantly, periodic unpolarized radio emission is also detected from 2MASS J00361617+1821104, and brightness temperature limitations rule out gyrosynchrotron radiation as a source of this radio emission. The unpolarized emission from this and other ultracool dwarfs is also attributed to electron cyclotron maser emission, which has become depolarized on traversing the ultracool dwarf magnetosphere, possibly due to propagations effects such as scattering. Based on available v sin i data in the literature and rotation periods derived from the periodic radio data for the three confirmed sources of electron cyclotron maser emission, TVLM 513-46546, LSR J1835+3259 and 2MASS J00361617+1821104, we determine that the rotation axes of all three dwarfs are close to perpendicular to our line of sight. This suggests a possible geometrical selection effect due to the inherent directivity of electron cyclotron maser emission, that may account for the previously reported relationship between radio activity and v sin i observed for ultracool dwarfs. We also determine the radius of the dwarf LSR J1835+3259 to be > 0.117 +/- 0.012 R_Sol. (abridged)
description: 11 pages, 2 tables, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Black hole in the West Nucleus of Arp 220
Creators: name: Downes, D.
name: Eckart, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new observations with the IRAM Interferometer, in its longest-baseline configuration, of the CO(2-1) line and the 1.3mm dust radiation from the Arp 220 nuclear region. The dust source in the West nucleus has a size of 0.19 x 0.13 arcsec and a 1.3mm brightness temperature of 90K. This implies that the dust ring in the West nucleus has a high opacity, with tau = 1 at 1.1mm. Not only is the dust ring itself optically thick in the submm and far-IR, but it is surrounded by the previously-known, rapidly rotating molecular disk of size 0.5 arcsec that is also optically thick in the mid-IR. The molecular ring is cooler than the hot dust disk because the CO(2-1) line is seen in absorption against the dust disk. The dust ring is massive (1E9 solar masses), compact (radius 35pc), and hot (true dust temperature 170K). It resembles rather strikingly the dust ring detected around the quasar APM 08279+52, and is most unlike the warm, extended dust sources in starburst galaxies. Because there is a strong temperature gradient from the hot dust ring to the cooler molecular disk, the heating must come from a concentrated source, an AGN accretion disk that is completely invisible at optical wavelengths, and heavily obscured in hard X-rays.
description: Reference list updated for 2007 publications; estimated position errors increased
Short wavelength regenerative amplifier free electron lasers
Creators: name: Dunning, D. J.
name: McNeil, B. W. J.
name: Thompson, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we discuss extending the operating wavelength range of tunable Regenerative Amplifier FELs to shorter wavelengths than current design proposals, notably into the XUV regions of the spectrum and beyond where the reflectivity of broadband optics is very low. Simulation studies are presented which demonstrate the development of good temporal coherence in generic systems with a broadband radiation feedback of less than one part in ten thousand.
description: Accepted for publication in NIM-A
The FAIR extension: A web browser extension to evaluate Digital Object FAIRness
Creators: name: Hernández Serrano, Pedro V.
name: Emonet, Vincent
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: FAIR assessment
FAIR Digital Objects
FAIR metrics

description: The scientific community’s efforts have increased regarding evaluating the FAIRness of research Digital Objects such as publications, datasets, or research software. However, this requires a steep learning curve for the average researcher when learning the FAIR evaluation frameworks, disengaging some of them in the process. This project aims to use technology close this gap and make this process more accessible by bringing the FAIR evaluation to the researcher’s profiles. “The FAIR extension” is an open-source, user-friendly web browser extension that allows researchers to do FAIRness evaluations directly from scholarly aggregators such as PURE, Google Scholar, or ResearchGate without any additional knowledge. The browser extension follows the FAIR metrics group specification, building on top of the community-accepted FAIR evaluators’ APIs.
Effect of Helium Sedimentation on X-ray Measurements of Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Peng, Fang
name: Nagai, Daisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The uniformity of the helium-to-hydrogen abundance ratio in X-ray emitting intracluster medium (ICM) is one of the commonly adopted assumptions in X-ray analyses of galaxy clusters and cosmological constraints derived from these measurements. In this work, we investigate the effect of He sedimentation on X-ray measurements of galaxy clusters in order to assess this assumption and associated systematic uncertainties. By solving a set of flow equations for a H-He plasma, we show that the helium-to-hydrogen mass ratio is significantly enhanced in the inner regions of clusters. The effect of He sedimentation, if not accounted for, introduces systematic biases in observable properties of clusters derived using X-ray observations. We show that these biases also introduce an apparent evolution in the observed gas mass fractions of X-ray luminous, dynamically relaxed clusters and hence biases in observational constraints on the dark energy equation of state parameter, w, derived from the cluster distance-redshift relation. The Hubble parameter derived from the combination of X-ray and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (SZE) measurements is affected by the He sedimentation process as well. Future measurements aiming to constrain w or H_0 to better than 10% may need to take into account the effect of He sedimentation. We propose that the evolution of gas mass fraction in the inner regions of clusters should provide unique observational diagnostics of the He sedimentation process.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ; extended discussions and 1 new figure
Evolution of community structure in the world trade web
Creators: name: Tzekina, Irena
name: Danthi, Karan
name: Rockmore, Daniel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we study the bilateral merchandise trade flows between 186 countries over the 1948-2005 period using data from the International Monetary Fund. We use Pajek to identify network structure and behavior across thresholds and over time. In particular, we focus on the evolution of trade "islands" in the a world trade network in which countries are linked with directed edges weighted according to fraction of total dollars sent from one country to another. We find mixed evidence for globalization.
description: To be submitted to APFA 6 Proceedings, 8 pages, 3 Figures
Delay
Creators: name: Huma, Bogdana
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2022
Subjects: Conversation Analysis
Encyclopedia
Ethnomethodology
Interactional Linguistics

description: Within conversation analysis, “delay” refers to the placement of a unit of talk or embodied conduct later than projected within a turn-constructional unit (TCU), turn, sequence or conversation. Delay qualifies the progressivity of the ongoing conversation and thus is treated as accountable by interactants.
Deformations of M-theory Killing superalgebras
Creators: name: Figueroa-O'Farrill, José
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We classify the Lie superalgebra deformations of the Killing superalgebras of some M-theory backgrounds. We show that the Killing superalgebras of the Minkowski, Freund--Rubin and M5-brane backgrounds are rigid, whereas the ones for the M-wave, the Kaluza--Klein monopole and the M2-brane admit deformations, which we give explicitly.
description: 20 pages (v3: a number of signs and a couple of factors have changed without affecting the result. v4: yet more sign changes, but results remain unchanged. v5: this is becoming absurd... but the signs ought to be correct now! v6: no more sign changes, but section 5.2 on the MKK monopole has been partially rewritten and some relevant references have been added.)
Properties of the scale factor measure
Creators: name: Bousso, Raphael
name: Freivogel, Ben
name: Yang, I-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that in expanding regions, the scale factor measure can be reformulated as a local measure: Observations are weighted by integrating their physical density along a geodesic that starts in the longest-lived metastable vacuum. This explains why some of its properties are similar to those of the causal diamond measure. In particular, both measures are free of Boltzmann brains, subject to nearly the same conditions on vacuum stability. However, the scale factor measure assigns a much smaller probability to the observed value of the cosmological constant. The probability decreases further, like the inverse sixth power of the primordial density contrast, if the latter is allowed to vary.
description: v2, minor editing, PRD format, 18 pages, 2 figures
Magnetic properties of two-phase superconductors
Creators: name: Di Grezia, E.
name: Esposito, S.
name: Salesi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recently proposed a theoretical model for superconductors endowed with two distinct superconducting phases, described by two scalar order parameters which condensate at different critical temperatures. On analyzing the magnetic behavior of such systems, we have found some observable differences with respect to the case of ordinary Ginzburg-Landau superconductors. In particular, at low temperature the London penetration length is strongly reduced and the Ginzburg-Landau parameter k becomes a function of temperature. By contrast, in the temperature region between the two phase transitions k is constant and the system is a type-I or a type-II superconductor depending on the ratio between the critical temperatures.
description: revtex, 5 pages, 1 eps figure
Azimuthal angle dependence of di-jet production in unpolarized hadron scattering
Creators: name: Lu, Zhun
name: Schmidt, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the azimuthal angular dependence of back-to-back di-jet production in unpolarized hadron scattering $H_A+H_B \to J_1 + J_2 +X$, arising from the product of two Boer-Mulders functions, which describe the transverse spin distribution of quarks inside an unpolarized hadron. We find that when the di-jet is of two identical quarks ($J_q+J_q$) or a quark-antiquark pair ($J_q+J_{\bar{q}}$), there is a $\cos δϕ$ angular dependence of the di-jet, with $δϕ=ϕ_1-ϕ_2$, and $ϕ_1$ and $ϕ_2$ are the azimuthal angles of the two individual jets. In the case of $J_q+J_q$ production, we find that there is a color factor enhancement in the gluonic cross-section, compared with the result from the standard generalized parton model. We estimate the $\cos δϕ$ asymmetry of di-jet production at RHIC, showing that the color factor enhancement in the angular dependent of $J_q+J_q$ production will reverse the sign of the asymmetry.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, version accepted by Physical Review D
Hypena lividalis
Creators: name: Manceñido-González, David César
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Hypena
Hypena lividalis

description: Hypena lividalis (Hübner, 1796) (Fig. 8)
Material estudiado: Salas de la Ribera (29 TPG 79/29 TPG 89), 410 m, 14-X-2023, 1♀ (genitalia preparación nº ER0153, D.C. Manceñido col.) mediante trampa lumínica alimentada con batería, R. Blanco leg., D.C. Manceñido det. y col. Nueva para Castilla y León.
description: Published as part of Manceñido-González, David César, 2024, Catálogo actualizado y nuevos datos de los macroheteróceros de la provincia de León (NO España), VIII (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 3-23 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 28 on page 9, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11372884
Herminia tarsicrinalis
Creators: name: Manceñido-González, David César
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Herminia
Herminia tarsicrinalis

description: Herminia tarsicrinalis (Knoch, 1782) (Fig. 9)
Material estudiado: Pío de Sajambre (30 TUN 37), 775 m, 7-VII-2023, 2♂♂ (genitalia preparación nº ER0140 / ER0141, D.C. Manceñido col.) mediante trampa lumínica alimentada con generador de gasolina, D.C. Manceñido leg., det. y col. Nueva para Castilla y León.
description: Published as part of Manceñido-González, David César, 2024, Catálogo actualizado y nuevos datos de los macroheteróceros de la provincia de León (NO España), VIII (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 3-23 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 28 on page 9, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11372884
Nola confusalis
Creators: name: Manceñido-González, David César
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nolidae
Nola
Nola confusalis

description: Nola confusalis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1847) (Fig.
10)
Material estudiado: Villar de los Barrios (29 TQH 00), 680 m, 16-V-2023, 4♂♂ (genitalia preparación nº NL0028, D.C. Manceñido col.) mediante trampa lumínica alimentada con batería, N. de la Carrera leg., D.C. Manceñido det. y col.
description: Published as part of Manceñido-González, David César, 2024, Catálogo actualizado y nuevos datos de los macroheteróceros de la provincia de León (NO España), VIII (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 3-23 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 28 on page 9, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11372884
Nycteola siculana
Creators: name: Manceñido-González, David César
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nolidae
Nycteola
Nycteola siculana

description: Nycteola siculana (Fuchs, 1899)
Material estudiado: Torrebarrio (30 TTN 56), 1260 m, 26-VI-2023, 1 ex. mediante trampa lumínica alimentada con batería, Á. Blázquez leg. y det. (no se captura el ejemplar).
description: Published as part of Manceñido-González, David César, 2024, Catálogo actualizado y nuevos datos de los macroheteróceros de la provincia de León (NO España), VIII (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 3-23 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 28 on page 9, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11372884
Meganephria bimaculosa
Creators: name: Manceñido-González, David César
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Meganephria
Meganephria bimaculosa

description: Meganephria bimaculosa (Linnaeus, 1767) (Fig.11)
Material estudiado: Palacios de Compludo (29 TQH 00), 1090 m, 17-VII-2023, 1♂ mediante trampa lumínica alimentada con batería, E. Gallego leg., D.C. Manceñido det. (no se conserva el ejemplar); Lago de Carucedo (29 TPH 80), 495 m, 14-IX-2023, 1♂ mediante trampa lumínica alimentada con batería, V. Suárez leg., D.C. Manceñido det. (no se conserva el ejemplar); San Lorenzo del Bierzo (29 TPH 90), 685 m, 20-IX-2023, 1♂ mediante trampa lumínica alimentada con batería, N. Llanos leg., D.C. Manceñido det. y col.
description: Published as part of Manceñido-González, David César, 2024, Catálogo actualizado y nuevos datos de los macroheteróceros de la provincia de León (NO España), VIII (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 3-23 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 28 on page 9, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11372884
Caradrina ibeasi
Creators: name: Manceñido-González, David César
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Caradrina
Caradrina ibeasi

description: Caradrina ibeasi (Fernández, 1918) (Fig. 12)
Material estudiado: Santalavilla (29 TPG 99), 515 m, 15-IV-2023, 1♀ (genitalia preparación nº NO0880, D.C. Manceñido col.) mediante trampa lumínica alimentada con batería, F. Bayo leg., V. Garretas det., D.C. Manceñido col.
description: Published as part of Manceñido-González, David César, 2024, Catálogo actualizado y nuevos datos de los macroheteróceros de la provincia de León (NO España), VIII (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 3-23 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 28 on page 10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11372884
Lithophane socia
Creators: name: Manceñido-González, David César
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Lithophane
Lithophane socia

description: Lithophane socia (Hufnagel, 1766) (Fig. 14)
Material estudiado: San Pedro de Olleros (29 TPH 82), 580 m, 25-III-2022, 1♂ (genitalia preparación nº NO0883, D.C. Manceñido col.) mediante trampa lumínica alimentada con batería, A. Díaz leg., D.C. Manceñido det. y col.; Caboalles de Arriba (29 TQH 15), 1180 m, 15-III-2023, 1♂ mediante trampa lumínica alimentada con batería, M. Guaza leg., D.C. Manceñido det. y col. Nueva para Castilla y León.
description: Published as part of Manceñido-González, David César, 2024, Catálogo actualizado y nuevos datos de los macroheteróceros de la provincia de León (NO España), VIII (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 3-23 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 28 on page 10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11372884
Oreogrammitis reducta Parris & Sundue 2020, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Parris, Barbara S.
name: Sundue, Michael A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Polypodiales
Polypodiaceae
Oreogrammitis
Oreogrammitis reducta

description: 29. Oreogrammitis reducta (Alderw.) Parris & Sundue, comb. nov.
Based on Polypodium reductum Alderw., Nova Guinea 14: 41 (1924). Type:— INDONESIA. Indonesian New Guinea: mountain ridge near Doorman summit, 1420 m, 7 October 1920, Lam 1550 (lectotype BO!, chosen by Parris (1983); isolectotypes BM!, K!, L!, MICH!, UC!).
Synonyms: Grammitis reducta (Alderw.) Copel., Philipp. J. Sci. 80: 167 (1952). Radiogrammitis reducta (Alderw.) Parris, Gard. Bull. Singapore 58: 244 (2007).
description: Published as part of Parris, Barbara S. & Sundue, Michael A., 2020, The fern genus Oreogrammitis (Grammitidoideae: Polypodiaceae) re-defined, pp. 45-54 in Phytotaxa 436 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.436.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13874603
Leuchten als IoT-Plattform im EinzeIhandel
Creators: name: Stoeckle, Janis
name: Nicolai, Alexander
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: digitale innovation
mittelstand
internet of things

description: Kleine und mittelständische Unternehmen investieren immer häufiger in digitale Innovationen, um auf den rasanten Wandel zu reagieren, der mittlerweile alle Lebens- und Wirtschaftsbereiche erfasst hat. Doch wie Mittelständler die Chancen, die der digitale Wandel bereithält, konkret nutzen, bleibt oft im Verborgenen. In einer aktuellen Studie des Alexander von Humboldt Institut für Internet und Gesellschaft und Sirius Minds haben wir bereits einige erfolgreiche Digitalisierungsprojekte des Mittelstands analysiert. In diesem Blogpost stellen Janis Stöckle und Alexander Nicolai ein weiteres Unternehmen vor, das mit einer Internet-of-Things-Lösung das eigene Geschäftsmodell weiterentwickeln konnte.
Oreogrammitis sarawakensis Parris & Sundue 2020, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Parris, Barbara S.
name: Sundue, Michael A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Polypodiopsida
Polypodiales
Polypodiaceae
Oreogrammitis
Oreogrammitis sarawakensis

description: 30. Oreogrammitis sarawakensis (Parris) Parris & Sundue, comb. nov.
Based on Ctenopteris sarawakensis Parris, Hooker’s Icon. Pl. 40: t. 3986 (1990). Type:— MALAYSIA. Sarawak: Mount Dulit, c. 1300 m, 19 September 1932, Richards 1891 (holotype K!; isotype SING!).
Synonyms: Themelium sarawakense (Parris) Parris, Kew Bull. 59: 225 (2004); Grammitis sarawakensis (Parris) Christenh., Global Flora 4: 54 (2018).
description: Published as part of Parris, Barbara S. & Sundue, Michael A., 2020, The fern genus Oreogrammitis (Grammitidoideae: Polypodiaceae) re-defined, pp. 45-54 in Phytotaxa 436 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.436.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13874603
Perizoma obsoletata
Creators: name: Manceñido-González, David César
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Perizoma
Perizoma obsoletata

description: Perizoma obsoletata (Herrich-Schäffer, 1885)
(Fig. 5)
Material estudiado: La Baña (29 TPG 97), 1875 m, 29-VII-2022, 1♀ (genitalia preparación nº GE0763, D.C. Manceñido col.) mediante trampa lumínica alimentada con batería, Á. Blázquez, V. Garretas, J.M. Jiménez y D.C. Manceñido leg., D.C. Manceñido det. y col.
description: Published as part of Manceñido-González, David César, 2024, Catálogo actualizado y nuevos datos de los macroheteróceros de la provincia de León (NO España), VIII (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 3-23 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 28 on page 8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11372884
Immune responses to syngenetic tumours
Creators: name: Kwong, Linda Chu
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The anti-tumour activity of normal C57BL/6J (B6) spleen cells that were sensitized to the syngeneic tumour, EL4 and expanded in inter-leukin 2 (IL2) were assessed in vitro and in vivo. Cultured cells demonstrated strong cytotoxic responses in vitro. However, although the cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) preferentially killed EL4 these cells were nonspecific in the sense that they also killed syngeneic B6 LPS blast as well as the allogeneic DBA/2 (D2) tumour, P815, albeit to a lesser degree. Nonspecific activity appeared as a consequence of expanding the cultures in IL2-containing medium. The effector cells were shown to be Thy-1⁺. In studies which followed the clearance of ¹²⁵I-iododeoxy- uridine- (¹²⁵IUdR) labelled tumour cells from B6 mice, it was found that mice treated with B6 anti-EL4- cultured cells survived longer than untreated mice. However, studies with labelled cultured cells indicated that the cultured cells have a short half life in vivo (≤ 10% remaining after 48 hr). Thus, the long term effects of cultured cells in vivo is most likely due to the activation of the host's immune system. In agreement with in vitro results, B6 anti-EL4 cultured donor cells were not absolutely specific for EL4 in the sense that (C57BL/6J x DBA/2J)F1 (BDF1) mice treated with these cells also showed an enhanced clearance of ¹²⁵IUdR P815. However, the mean survival time (MST) to P815 relative to controls was not enhanced. The in vivo activity of D2 anti-P815 effector cells were also determined. Unlike B6 anti-EL4 system, these cells specifically enhanced the elimination of P815 tumour cells; however, they failed to prolong the MST of the mice to P815 when compared to controls. Two out of five B6 mice treated with B6 anti-EL4 cultured cells survived a lethal challenge of EL4. The frequency of CTL precursors from the two immune and normal spleen cells were 1/800, 1/950 and 1/4000, respectively. Furthermore, CTL from primed spleen cells were more specific for EL4 than normal spleen cells. When used in conjunction with cyclophosphamide (CY), B6 anti-EL4 cultured cells were more effective in conferring protection against EL4 in B6 mice. CY by itself also led to a higher rate of EL4 clearance from B6 mice. The use of cultured cells in immunotherapy against syngeneic tumour is discussed.