cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MusE GAs FLOw and Wind (MEGAFLOW) IX. The impact of gas flows on the relations between the mass, star formation rate and metallicity of galaxies
Creators: name: Langan, I.
name: Zabl, J.
name: Bouche, N. F.
name: Ginolfi, M.
name: Popping, G.
name: Schroetter, I.
name: Wendt, M.
name: Schaye, J.
name: Boogaard, L.
name: Freundlich, J.
name: Richard, J.
name: Matthee, J.
name: Mercier, W.
name: Contini, T.
name: Guo, Y.
name: Cherrey, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the link between gas flow events and key galaxy scaling relations: the relations between star formation rate (SFR) and stellar mass (the main sequence, MS), gas metallicity and stellar mass (the mass-metallicity relation, MZR) and gas metallicity, stellar mass and SFR (the fundamental metallicity relation, FMR). Using all star-forming galaxies (SFGs) in the 22 MUSE fields of the MusE GAs FLOw and Wind (MEGAFLOW) survey, we derive the MS, MZR and FMR scaling relations for 385 SFGs with $M = 10^8 - 10^{11.5}$ $M_\odot$ at redshifts 0.35 < z < 0.85. Using the MUSE data and complementary X-Shooter spectra at 0.85 < z < 1.4, we determine the locations of 21 SFGs associated with inflowing or outflowing circumgalactic gas (i.e. with strong MgII absorption in background quasar spectra) relative to these scaling relations. Compared to a control sample of galaxies without gas flows (i.e., without MgII absorption within 70 kpc of the quasar), SFGs with inflow events (i.e., MgII absorption along the major axis) are preferentially located above the MS, while SFGs with ouflow events (i.e., MgII absorption along the minor axis) are preferentially more metal rich. Our observations support the scenario in which gas accretion increases the SFR while diluting the metal content and where circumgalactic outflows are found in more metal-rich galaxies.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Eulerian vs. Lagrangian analyses of pedestrian dynamics asymmetries in a staircase landing
Creators: name: Corbetta, Alessandro
name: Lee, Chung-min
name: Muntean, Adrian
name: Toschi, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Real-life, out-of-laboratory, measurements of pedestrian movements allow extensive and fully-resolved statistical analyses. However, data acquisition in real-life is subjected to the wide heterogeneity that characterizes crowd flows over time. Disparate flow conditions, such as co-flows and counter-flows at low and at high pedestrian densities, typically follow randomly one another. When analysing the data in order to study the dynamics and behaviour of pedestrians it is crucial to be able disentangle and to properly select (query) data from statistically homogeneous flow conditions in order to avoid spurious statistics and to enable qualitative comparisons. In this paper we extend our previous analysis on the asymmetric pedestrian dynamics on a staircase landing, where we collected a large statistical database of measurements from ad hoc continuous recordings. This contribution has a two-fold aim: first, method-wise, we discuss two possible approaches to query experimental datasets for homogeneous flow conditions. For given flow conditions, we can either agglomerate measurements on a time-frame basis (Eulerian queries) or on a trajectory basis (Lagrangian queries). Second, we employ these two different perspectives to further explore asymmetries in the pedestrian dynamics in our measurement site. We report cross-comparisons of statistics of pedestrian positions, velocities and accelerations vs. flow conditions as well as vs. Eulerian or Lagrangian approach.
MPEC 2023-S51 : 2023 SK
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 SK

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Search for low-lying lattice QCD eigenstates in the Roper regime
Creators: name: Kiratidis, Adrian L.
name: Kamleh, Waseem
name: Leinweber, Derek B.
name: Liu, Zhan-Wei
name: Stokes, Finn M.
name: Thomas, Anthony W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The positive-parity nucleon spectrum is explored in $2 + 1$-flavour lattice QCD in a search for new low-lying energy eigenstates near the energy regime of the Roper resonance. In addition to conventional three-quark operators, we consider novel, local five-quark meson-baryon type interpolating fields that hold the promise to reveal new eigenstates that may have been missed in previous analyses. Drawing on phenomenological insight, five-quark operators based on $σ{N}$, $π{N}$ and $a_0{N}$ channels are constructed. Spectra are produced in a high-statistics analysis on the PACS-CS dynamical gauge-field configurations with $m_π = 411\textrm{ MeV}$ via variational analyses of several operator combinations. Despite the introduction of qualitatively different interpolating fields, no new states are observed in the energy regime of the Roper resonance. This result provides further evidence that the low-lying finite-volume scattering states are not localised, and strengthens the interpretation of the Roper as a coupled-channel, dynamically-generated meson-baryon resonance.
description: 7 Pages, 2 Figures
Investigation of the electro-optic effect in high-$Q$ 4H-SiC microresonators
Creators: name: Wang, Ruixuan
name: Li, Jingwei
name: Cai, Lutong
name: Li, Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silicon carbide (SiC) recently emerged as a promising photonic and quantum material owing to its unique material properties. Here, we carry out an exploratory investigation of the electro-optic effect in high-quality-factor 4H-SiC microresonators. Our findings confirm the existence of the Pockels effect in 4H-SiC for the first time. The extracted Pockels coefficients show certain variations among 4H-SiC wafers from different manufacturers, with the magnitudes of $r_{13}$ and $r_{33}$ estimated to be in the range of (0.3-0.7) pm/V and (0-0.03) pm/V, respectively.
Charged Lepton Flavor Violating Radiative Decays $l_i \to l_j γ$ in G2HDM
Creators: name: Tran, Van Que
name: Yuan, Tzu-Chiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the electromagnetic form factors of the $l_i l_j γ$ vertex at one-loop level in the minimal G2HDM which has a sub-GeV vector dark matter candidate. The results are applied to the radiative decay rates for the charged lepton flavor violating processes $l_i \to l_j γ$, and the anomalous magnetic dipole moment and the electric dipole moment of the charged lepton. To numerically compute the branching ratio for $μ\to e γ$ and compare with the latest experimental limit from MEG, we adapt our previous parameter space scan that is consistent with the relic density and constraints from direct searches of dark matter, $W$ and $Z$ mass measurements, as well as the LHC Higgs signal strengths and invisible width. While the extra contributions are at least an order of magnitude smaller than required to explain the $\sim 4.2 σ$ discrepancy in the muon anomaly, the existing MEG limit imposes stringent constraint on the parameter space. The remaining viable parameter space can be further probed by the MEG II sensitivity for $μ\to e γ$ as well as from the direct searches of sub-GeV dark matter in foreseeable future. Higher loop contributions may be significant to resolve the discrepancy in the muon anomaly and generate a non-vanishing electric dipole moments for the standard model quarks and leptons in G2HDM.
description: 38 pages, 7 figures; added Appendices C and D for more information; matches version accepted for publication in JHEP
Nonlinear Electromagnetic Fields As a Source of Universe Acceleration
Creators: name: Kruglov, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model of nonlinear electromagnetic fields with a dimensional parameter $β$ is proposed. From PVLAS experiment the bound on the parameter $β$ was obtained. Electromagnetic fields are coupled with the gravitation field and we show that the universe accelerates due to nonlinear electromagnetic fields. The magnetic universe is considered and the stochastic magnetic field is a background. After inflation the universe decelerates and approaches to the radiation era. The range of the scale factor, when the causality of the model and a classical stability take place, was obtained. The spectral index, the tensor-to-scalar ratio, and the running of the spectral index were estimated which are in approximate agreement with the PLANCK, WMAP, and BICEP2 data.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures, to appear in IJMPA
Chiral Separation by Flows: The Role of Flow Symmetry and Dimensionality
Creators: name: Ro, Sunghan
name: Yi, Juyeon
name: Kim, Yong Woon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Separation of enantiomers by flows is a promising chiral resolution method using cost-effective microfluidics. Notwithstanding a number of experimental and numerical studies, a fundamental understanding still remains elusive, and an important question as to whether it is possible to specify common physical properties of flows that induce separation has not been addressed. Here, we study the separation of rigid chiral objects of an arbitrary shape induced by a linear flow field at low Reynolds numbers. Based on a symmetry property under parity inversion, we show that the rate-of-strain field is essential to drift the objects in opposite directions according to chirality. From eigenmode analysis, we also derive an analytic expression for the separation conditions which shows that the flow field should be quasi-two-dimensional for the precise and efficient resolutions of microscopic enantiomers. We demonstrate this prediction by Langevin dynamics simulations with hydrodynamic interactions fully implemented. Finally, we discuss the practical feasibility of the linear flow analysis, considering separations by a vortex flow or an extensional flow under a confining potential.
Dislocations in stacking and commensurate-incommensurate phase transition in bilayer graphene and hexagonal boron nitride
Creators: name: Lebedeva, Irina V.
name: Lebedev, Alexander V.
name: Popov, Andrey M.
name: Knizhnik, Andrey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dislocations corresponding to a change of stacking in two-dimensional hexagonal bilayers, graphene and boron nitride, and associated with boundaries between commensurate domains are investigated using the two-chain Frenkel-Kontorova model on top of ab initio calculations. Structural transformations of bilayers in which the bottom layer is stretched and the upper one is left to relax freely are considered for gradually increased elongation of the bottom layer. Formation energies of dislocations, dislocation width and orientation of the boundary between commensurate domains are analyzed depending on the magnitude and direction of elongation. The second-order phase transition from the commensurate phase to the incommensurate one with multiple dislocations is predicted to take place at some critical elongation. The order parameter for this transition corresponds to the density of dislocations, which grows continuously upon increasing the elongation of the bottom layer above the critical value. In graphene and metastable boron nitride with the layers aligned in the same direction, where elementary dislocations are partial, this transition, however, is preceded by formation of the first dislocation at the elongation smaller than the critical one. The phase diagrams including this intermediate state are plotted in coordinates of the magnitude and direction of elongation of the bottom layer.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
The triple-peaked afterglow of GRB 210731A from X-ray to radio frequencies
Creators: name: de Wet, S.
name: Laskar, T.
name: Groot, P. J.
name: Cavallaro, F.
name: Guelbenzu, A. Nicuesa
name: Chastain, S.
name: Izzo, L.
name: Levan, A.
name: Malesani, D. B.
name: Monageng, I. M.
name: van der Horst, A. J.
name: Zheng, W.
name: Bloemen, S.
name: Filippenko, A. V.
name: Kann, D. A.
name: Klose, S.
name: Pieterse, D. L. A.
name: Rau, A.
name: Vreeswijk, P. M.
name: Woudt, P.
name: Zhu, Z. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GRB 210731A was a long-duration gamma-ray burst discovered by the Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) aboard the Neil Gehrels Swift observatory. Swift triggered the wide-field, robotic MeerLICHT optical telescope in Sutherland; it began observing the BAT error circle 286 seconds after the Swift trigger and discovered the optical afterglow of GRB 210731A in its first 60-second q-band exposure. Multi-colour observations of the afterglow with MeerLICHT revealed a light curve that showed three peaks of similar brightness within the first four hours. We present the results of our follow-up campaign and interpret our observations in the framework of the synchrotron forward shock model. We performed temporal and spectral fits to determine the spectral regime and external medium density profile, and performed detailed multi-wavelength theoretical modelling of the afterglow following the last optical peak at 0.2 days to determine the intrinsic blast wave parameters. We find a preference for a stellar wind density profile consistent with a massive star origin, while our theoretical modelling results in fairly typical shock microphysics parameters. Based on the energy released in gamma-rays and the kinetic energy in the blast wave, we determine a low radiative efficiency of ~0.02. The first peak in the optical light curve is likely the onset of the afterglow. We find that energy injection into the forward shock offers the simplest explanation for the subsequent light curve evolution, and that the blast wave kinetic energy increasing by a factor of ~1000 from the first peak to the last peak is indicative of substantial energy injection. Our highest-likelihood theoretical model overpredicts the 1.4 GHz flux by a factor of approximately three with respect to our upper limits, possibly implying a population of thermal electrons within the shocked region.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Resolving the Flavor Structure in the MFV-SMEFT
Creators: name: Bruggisser, Sebastian
name: van Dyk, Danny
name: Westhoff, Susanne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We constrain the flavor structure of Wilson coefficients in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) from data. In the SMEFT, new physics effects in couplings of up-type and down-type quarks are related through the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa mixing matrix. We exploit this relation to pin down potential new sources of flavor symmetry breaking in a global analysis of high- and low-energy data from the LHC, LEP, and $b$ factory experiments. We demonstrate the power of such an analysis by performing a combined fit of effective four-quark and two-quark couplings contributing to a large set of flavor, top-quark, electroweak, and dijet observables. All four sectors are needed to fully resolve the flavor structure of the four-quark couplings without leaving blind directions in the parameter space. Although we work in the framework of minimal flavor violation, our strategy applies as well to other flavor patterns, like $U(2)$ flavor symmetry or leptoquark scenarios.
description: 32 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables
Shades of Conflict in Kyrgyzstan
Creators: name: Ocaklı, Beril
name: Krueger, Tobias
name: Niewöhner, Jörg
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: gold mining
subject: shared beliefs and norms
subject: transaction cost economics
subject: local commons
subject: 622 Bergbau und verwandte Tätigkeiten
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften
subject: 333.7 Natürliche Resourcen, Energie und Umwelt

description: Confronted with advancing resource frontiers, local communities increasingly rely on conflict to re-establish order in the face of problematic interdependences brought about by mining transactions. This article captures the interactions at national level that engender these interdependences in the first place. We explore how national actor groups influence emerging regularities of behaviour in mining through the example of gold mining in Kyrgyzstan – a fragile resource-dependent country divided by mining conflicts. For the analysis of these emerging patterns of behaviour, we focus on shared beliefs and norms that in interaction with perceived dimensions of transactions provide motivation to act. The identified regularities of behaviour help differentiate the otherwise crude dichotomy of conflict and cooperation, pointing to shades of conflicts. Mining conflicts in Kyrgyzstan are driven by profound structural factors that are rooted in weak governance, lack of institutional trust and limited cooperation across national actor groups. Risks and costs are distributed to outgroups, threatening the local social-ecological systems and further fragmenting Kyrgyz society. If extraction continues in the current mode of governance, resource-based grievances are likely to persist in Kyrgyzstan, as mining will increasingly encroach on local ecosystems, livelihoods and cultural commons – unless the national perceptions and shared beliefs change.
An implementation of form-oriented applications software development
Creators: name: Chin, Wing Kin A. .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
What should be the economic priorities in post-war Ukraine?
Creators: name: Hartwell, Christopher A.
name: Boyarchuk, Dmytro
Publisher: name: CESifo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ukraine
Krieg
Russland
Europa
Politik
Wirtschaft
320: Politik
330: Wirtschaft

description: Key messages:

Ukraine must first win the war. But if it can successfully expel Russia from all of its territories, it needs to accelerate its post-Maidan, pre-war tempo of reforms.

Ukraine must build what it has long been lacking: the rule of law. In order to do this, it must build the rule of law from scratch, reforming its judiciary, unabashedly protecting property rights, and continuing its highly successful decentralization reforms.

During the transition from war economy to market economy, simplification of nearly every facet of interaction with the government should be undertaken – and kept in place. This will encourage not just hanging on to foreign charity, but also encourage investments needed for growth.

These steps will help Ukraine move towards Europe and continue its march towards Euro-integration even if (and especially if) accession to the European Union is a longerterm goal Ukraine’s survival after the war is dependent on making policy reversals incredibly difficult to implement. This requires substantial political will.
The Electrostatic Screening Length in Concentrated Electrolytes Increases with Concentration
Creators: name: Smith, Alexander M.
name: Lee, Alpha A.
name: Perkin, Susan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to classical electrolyte theories interactions in dilute (low ion density) electrolytes decay exponentially with distance, with the Debye screening length the characteristic length-scale. This decay length decreases monotonically with increasing ion concentration, due to effective screening of charges over short distances. Thus within the Debye model no long-range forces are expected in concentrated electrolytes. Here we reveal, using experimental detection of the interaction between two planar charged surfaces across a wide range of electrolytes, that beyond the dilute (Debye-Huuckel) regime the screening length increases with increasing concentration. The screening lengths for all electrolytes studied - including aqueous NaCl solutions, ionic liquids diluted with propylene carbonate, and pure ionic liquids - collapse onto a single curve when scaled by the dielectric constant. This non-monotonic variation of the screening length with concentration, and its generality across ionic liquids and aqueous salt solutions, demonstrates an important characteristic of concentrated electrolytes of substantial relevance from biology to energy storage.
description: This document is the unedited authors' version of a Submitted Work that was subsequently accepted for publication in the Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, copyright American Chemical Society, after peer review. To access the final edited and published work see http://pubsdc3.acs.org/articlesonrequest/AOR-EW6FuIC6wIh6D9qqEeHD
Impact of globally spin-aligned vector mesons on the search for the chiral magnetic effect in heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Shen, Diyu
name: Chen, Jinhui
name: Tang, Aihong
name: Wang, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In high-energy heavy-ion collisions, the chiral magnetic effect (CME) is predicted to arise from the interplay between the chirality imbalance of quarks in the nuclear medium and the intense magnetic field, and will cause a charge separation along the magnetic field direction. While the search for the CME is still ongoing in experiments at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the CME-sensitive observables need to be scrutinized to exclude the non-CME contributions. In this work, we examine the influence of globally spin-aligned $ρ$ mesons on the $γ_{112}$ correlator, the $R_{Ψ_2}(ΔS)$ correlator, and the signed balance functions, via a toy model and a multiphase transport model (AMPT). The global spin alignment of vector mesons could originate from non-CME mechanisms in heavy-ion collisions, and is characterized by the 00-component of the spin density matrix, $ρ_{00}$. We find that the CME observables show similar dependence on $ρ_{00}$, and could receive a positive (negative) contribution from $ρ$-decay pions, if the $ρ_{00}$ of $ρ$ mesons is larger (smaller) than 1/3. Since pions are the most abundant particles in such collisions, the $ρ_{00}$ measurements for $ρ$ mesons become crucial to the interpretation of the CME data.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Lepton mass and mixing in a simple extension of the Standard Model based on T7 flavor symmetry
Creators: name: Vien, V. V.
name: Long, H. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple Standard Model Extension based on $T_7$ flavor symmetry which accommodates lepton mass and mixing with non-zero $θ_{13}$ and CP violation phase is proposed. At the tree- level, the realistic lepton mass and mixing pattern is derived through the spontaneous symmetry breaking by just one vacuum expectation value ($v$) which is the same as in the Standard Model. Neutrinos get small masses from one $SU(2)_L$ doublet and two $SU(2)_L$ singlets in which one being in $\underline{1}$ and the two others in $\underline{3}$ and $\underline{3}^*$ under $T_7$ , respectively. The model also gives a remarkable prediction of Dirac CP violation $δ_{CP}=172.598^\circ$ in both normal and inverted hierarchies which is still missing in the neutrino mixing matrix.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures
Discovery of a Hot Corino in the Bok Globule B335
Creators: name: Imai, Muneaki
name: Sakai, Nami
name: Oya, Yoko
name: López-Sepulcre, Ana
name: Watanabe, Yoshimasa
name: Ceccarelli, Cecilia
name: Lefloch, Bertrand
name: Caux, Emmanuel
name: Vastel, Charlotte
name: Kahane, Claudine
name: Sakai, Takeshi
name: Hirota, Tomoya
name: Aikawa, Yuri
name: Yamamoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first evidence of a hot corino in a Bok globule. This is based on the ALMA observations in the 1.2 mm band toward the low-mass Class 0 protostar IRAS 19347+0727 in B335. Saturated complex organic molecules (COMs), CH$_3$CHO, HCOOCH$_3$, and NH$_2$CHO, are detected in a compact region within a few 10 au around the protostar. Additionally, CH$_3$OCH$_3$, C$_2$H$_5$OH, C$_2$H$_5$CN, and CH$_3$COCH$_3$ are tentatively detected. Carbon-chain related molecules, CCH and c-C$_3$H$_2$, are also found in this source, whose distributions are extended over a few 100 au scale. On the other hand, sulfur-bearing molecules CS, SO, and SO$_2$, have both compact and extended components. Fractional abundances of the COMs relative to H$_2$ are found to be comparable to those in known hot-corino sources. Though the COMs lines are as broad as 5-8 km s$^{-1}$, they do not show obvious rotation motion in the present observation. Thus, the COMs mainly exist in a structure whose distribution is much smaller than the synthesized beam (0."58 x 0."52).
Understanding Musicking on Social Media: Music Sharing, Sociality and Citizenship
Creators: name: Campos Valverde, Raquel
Publisher: name: London South Bank University
Year: 2019

description: Based on online and offline ethnographic fieldwork among the Spanish community in London, this thesis investigates why people circulate and share music on social media platforms, particularly within a context of migration. Written from the perspective of an insider-outsider, it combines research data from ethnographic participant observation and interviews to understand how music media circulates online, studying the different roles it fulfils within these contexts as different forms of musicking. The thesis responds to these questions by addressing six areas. Chapter 1 explores the uses of music to perform and articulate cultural and gender identity on social media profiles. Chapter 2 investigates how music sharing and compiling can be used to maintain relationships and social capital and to participate in transnational sociality. Chapter 3 addresses how the circulation of music parody as citizen engagement in contexts of political conflict such as the Brexit and Catalonian referendums gives rise to temporary political alliances in the form of citizen assemblages. Chapter 4 considers the circulation of music on social media from the perspective of fandom and how it is influenced by post-object ephemeral and reflexive practices. Chapter 5 analyses how the ubiquitous and imagined character of online music media fosters its circulation as a silent and visual element of online sociality, effectively generating practices of imagined listening. Chapter 6 examines ritualistic practices of music exchange on social media and their relationship with emerging moral economies of music circulation as foundational elements of online sociality and citizenship. I conclude by arguing that, in circulating music online through their social media and streaming profiles, users develop new forms of (im)material culture-making. Online musicking enables new ways of being in the world, turning the intangible, time-bound aural and visual experience of online music into something that has a materialised impact in the social lives of users. Through the circulation of music online users form, dissolve and inhabit temporary music-based alliances and expand their social worlds.
Dynamic structure of stock communities: A comparative study between stock returns and turnover rates
Creators: name: Su, Li-Ling
name: Jiang, Xiong-Fei
name: Li, Sai-Ping
name: Zhong, Li-Xin
name: Ren, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The detection of community structure in stock market is of theoretical and practical significance for the study of financial dynamics and portfolio risk estimation. We here study the community structures in Chinese stock markets from the aspects of both price returns and turnover rates, by using a combination of the PMFG and infomap methods based on a distance matrix. We find that a few of the largest communities are composed of certain specific industry or conceptional sectors and the correlation inside a sector is generally larger than the correlation between different sectors. In comparison with returns, the community structure for turnover rates is more complex and the sector effect is relatively weaker. The financial dynamics is further studied by analyzing the community structures over five sub-periods. Sectors like banks, real estate, health care and New Shanghai take turns to compose a few of the largest communities for both returns and turnover rates in different sub-periods. Several specific sectors appear in the communities with different rank orders for the two time series even in the same sub-period. A comparison between the evolution of prices and turnover rates of stocks from these sectors is conducted to better understand their differences. We find that stock prices only had large changes around some important events while turnover rates surged after each of these events relevant to specific sectors, which may offer a possible explanation for the complexity of stock communities for turnover rates.
Generation of perfectly entangled two and three qubits states by classical random interaction
Creators: name: Akram, Javed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study examines the possibility of finding perfect entanglers for a Hamiltonian which corresponds to several quantum information platforms of interest at the present time. However, in this study, we use a superconducting circuit that stands out from other quantum-computing devices, especially because Transmon qubits can be coupled via capacitors or microwave cavities, which enable us to combine high coherence, fast gates, and high flexibility in its design parameters. There are currently two factors limiting the performance of superconducting processors: timing mismatch and the limitation of entangling gates to two qubits. In this work, we present a two-qubit SWAP and a three-qubit Fredkin gate, additionally, we also demonstrate a perfect adiabatic entanglement generation between two and three programmable superconducting qubits. Furthermore, in this study, we also demonstrate the impact of random dephasing, emission, and absorption noises on the quantum gates and entanglement. It is demonstrated by numerical simulation that the CSWAP gate and $W$-state generation can be achieved perfectly in one step with high reliability under weak coupling conditions. Hence, our scheme could contribute to quantum teleportation, quantum communication, and some other areas of quantum information processing.
Inferring Sparsity: Compressed Sensing using Generalized Restricted Boltzmann Machines
Creators: name: Tramel, Eric W.
name: Manoel, Andre
name: Caltagirone, Francesco
name: Gabrié, Marylou
name: Krzakala, Florent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we consider compressed sensing reconstruction from $M$ measurements of $K$-sparse structured signals which do not possess a writable correlation model. Assuming that a generative statistical model, such as a Boltzmann machine, can be trained in an unsupervised manner on example signals, we demonstrate how this signal model can be used within a Bayesian framework of signal reconstruction. By deriving a message-passing inference for general distribution restricted Boltzmann machines, we are able to integrate these inferred signal models into approximate message passing for compressed sensing reconstruction. Finally, we show for the MNIST dataset that this approach can be very effective, even for $M < K$.
description: IEEE Information Theory Workshop, 2016
Embedded multimodal interfaces in robotics: applications, future trends, and societal implications
Creators: name: Kirchner, Elsa Andrea
name: Fairclough, Stephen
name: Kirchner, Frank
Publisher: name: ACM
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Human-Robot Interaction
subject: Robotic appliances
subject: Autonomous robots
subject: Human-robot cooperation
subject: 0

description: In the past, robots were primarily used to perform work that was either too hard, too dangerous or simply too repetitive for humans, e.g., assembly line work, or work that could be done much faster by a robotic system, such as placement work. In the future, human-robot interaction will cover a much broader range of scenarios, from working interactively with humans in the context of industrial manufacturing to robotic appliances designed to care the elderly; even in applied areas, such as autonomous robots in space or operating underwater, the demand for robots to interact or to be intuitively controlled is growing. Hence, interaction will not only involve direct control of a robot or information exchange but will include direct cooperation and physical interaction between human and robot, i.e., humanrobot cooperation. While direct cooperation has tremendous advantages it also presents a number of significant challenges that should not be underestimated. Advanced interfaces to enable human-robot cooperation will be required to meet these challenges and the needs of human-robot interaction in the future.
Machine Learning Assisted Inverse Design of Microresonators
Creators: name: Pal, Arghadeep
name: Ghosh, Alekhya
name: Zhang, Shuangyou
name: Bi, Toby
name: DeľHaye, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high demand for fabricating microresonators with desired optical properties has led to various techniques to optimize geometries, mode structures, nonlinearities and dispersion. Depending on applications, the dispersion in such resonators counters their optical nonlinearities and influences the intracavity optical dynamics. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of a machine learning (ML) algorithm as a tool to determine the geometry of microresonators from their dispersion profiles. The training dataset with ~460 samples is generated by finite element simulations and the model is experimentally verified using integrated silicon nitride microresonators. Two ML algorithms are compared along with suitable hyperparameter tuning, out of which Random Forest (RF) yields the best results. The average error on the simulated data is well below 15%.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
D2.1: Manual for categorising FSIs, including the European Food Sharing Dictionary
Creators: name: Phelan, Dean
name: Davies, Anna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Food sharing
CULTIVATE
Horizon Europe
Innovation Action
Dictionary
Food System

description: The European Food Sharing Dictionary is a tool that aims to improve awareness and understanding of the language of food sharing within and between different urban and peri-urban (UPU) areas using a common set of terms and multilingual translations. This tool will be of interest to citizens, UPU area governments, Food Sharing Initiatives (FSIs), researchers and food supply actors. It provides the baseline for manual mapping of FSIs in CULTIVATE’s Hub cities as well as the terms for the automated searching experimentation phase in WP2. The dictionary includes 43 English language terms relating to food sharing, that have been translated into 24 non-English European languages. Funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s)
 only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union, REA or UKRI. Neither the European
 Union nor the granting authorities can be held responsible for them.
The interaction of a magnetohydrodynamical shock with a filament
Creators: name: Goldsmith, K. J. A.
name: Pittard, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 3D magnetohydrodynamic numerical simulations of the adiabatic interaction of a shock with a dense, filamentary cloud. We investigate the effects of various filament lengths and orientations on the interaction using different orientations of the magnetic field, and vary the Mach number of the shock, the density contrast of the filament, and the plasma beta, in order to determine their effect on the evolution and lifetime of the filament. We find that in a parallel magnetic field filaments have longer lifetimes if they are orientated more 'broadside' to the shock front, and that an increase in the density contrast hastens the destruction of the cloud, in terms of the modified cloud-crushing time-scale, tcs. The combination of a mild shock and a perpendicular or oblique field provides the best condition for extending the life of the filament, with some filaments able to survive almost indefinitely since they are cocooned by the magnetic field. A high value for the density contrast does not initiate large turbulent instabilities in either the perpendicular or oblique field cases but rather draws the filament out into long tendrils which may eventually fragment. In addition, flux ropes are only formed in parallel magnetic fields. The length of the filament is, however, not as important for the evolution and destruction of a filament.
description: 30 pages, 42 figures, accepted by MNRAS
The Footprint Database and Web Services of the Herschel Space Observatory
Creators: name: Dobos, László
name: Varga-Verebélyi, Erika
name: Verdugo, Eva
name: Teyssier, David
name: Exter, Katrina
name: Valtchanov, Ivan
name: Budavári, Tamás
name: Kiss, Csaba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data from the Herschel Space Observatory is freely available to the public but no uniformly processed catalogue of the observations has been published so far. To date, the Herschel Science Archive does not contain the exact sky coverage (footprint) of individual observations and supports search for measurements based on bounding circles only. Drawing on previous experience in implementing footprint databases, we built the Herschel Footprint Database and Web Services for the Herschel Space Observatory to provide efficient search capabilities for typical astronomical queries. The database was designed with the following main goals in mind: (a) provide a unified data model for meta-data of all instruments and observational modes, (b) quickly find observations covering a selected object and its neighbourhood, (c) quickly find every observation in a larger area of the sky, (d) allow for finding solar system objects crossing observation fields. As a first step, we developed a unified data model of observations of all three Herschel instruments for all pointing and instrument modes. Then, using telescope pointing information and observational meta-data, we compiled a database of footprints. As opposed to methods using pixellation of the sphere, we represent sky coverage in an exact geometric form allowing for precise area calculations. For easier handling of Herschel observation footprints with rather complex shapes, two algorithms were implemented to reduce the outline. Furthermore, a new visualisation tool to plot footprints with various spherical projections was developed. Indexing of the footprints using Hierarchical Triangular Mesh makes it possible to quickly find observations based on sky coverage, time and meta-data. The database is accessible via a web site (http://herschel.vo.elte.hu) and also as a set of REST web service functions.
description: Accepted for publication in Experimental Astronomy
COVID-19 stochastic age-structured transmission model for Switzerland
Creators: name: Estill, Janne
name: Venkova-Marchevska, Plamenna
name: Roelens, Maroussia
name: Orel, Erol
name: Temerev, Alexander
name: Flahault, Antoine
name: Keiser, Olivia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This repository contains R scripts implementing an age-structured transmission model similar to the one described in Di Domenico et al. 2020, but adapted to the COVID-19 situation in Switzerland.
description: This work was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grants grants 163878, 31CA30_196270)
Probing Acceleration and Turbulence at Relativistic Shocks in Blazar Jets
Creators: name: Baring, Matthew G.
name: Böttcher, Markus
name: Summerlin, Errol J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) at relativistic shocks is widely thought to be an important acceleration mechanism in various astrophysical jet sources, including radio-loud active galactic nuclei such as blazars. Such acceleration can produce the non-thermal particles that emit the broadband continuum radiation that is detected from extragalactic jets. An important recent development for blazar science is the ability of Fermi-LAT spectroscopy to pin down the shape of the distribution of the underlying non-thermal particle population. This paper highlights how multi-wavelength spectra spanning optical to X-ray to gamma-ray bands can be used to probe diffusive acceleration in relativistic, oblique, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) shocks in blazar jets. Diagnostics on the MHD turbulence near such shocks are obtained using thermal and non-thermal particle distributions resulting from detailed Monte Carlo simulations of DSA. These probes are afforded by the characteristic property that the synchrotron $νF_ν$ peak energy does not appear in the gamma-ray band above 100 MeV. We investigate self-consistently the radiative synchrotron and inverse Compton signatures of the simulated particle distributions. Important constraints on the diffusive mean free paths of electrons, and the level of electromagnetic field turbulence are identified for three different case study blazars, Mrk 501, BL Lacertae and AO 0235+164. The X-ray excess of AO 0235+164 in a flare state can be modelled as the signature of bulk Compton scattering of external radiation fields, thereby tightly constraining the energy-dependence of the diffusion coefficient for electrons. The concomitant interpretations that turbulence levels decline with remoteness from jet shocks, and the probable significant role for non-gyroresonant diffusion, are posited.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Statistical test for detecting community structure in real-valued edge-weighted graphs
Creators: name: Tokuda, Tomoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel method to test the existence of community structure of undirected real-valued edge-weighted graph. The method is based on Wigner semicircular law on the asymptotic behavior of the random distribution for eigenvalues of a real symmetric matrix. We provide a theoretical foundation for this method and report on its performance in synthetic and real data, suggesting that our method outperforms other state-of-the-art methods.
The Cool Japan Strategy and Tokyo Olympics 2020
Creators: name: Ohoka, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Japan
subject: Olympics
subject: Cool Japan
subject: Soft Power

description: This thesis examines Japan’s recent political and cultural strategy focusing on the soft power enabled by the popularity of Japan’s cool image in its cultural product in the so-called Cool Japan Strategy and its impact on the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games. While starting as a political and economic strategy in the early 2000s, Cool Japan strategy capitalized on the popularity of Japanese cultural productions, especially of pop-culture such as anime, manga and video games. Cool Japan Strategy mainly developed to counter the economic stagnation in the 90s and the need to rebrand the Japanese image in response to the anti-Japan sentiment in the emerging East Asian countries due to the war responsibilities in World War II and the colonial era. However, Cool Japan strategy increasingly gained more nationalisitc turn in the 2010s with the impact of the Great East Japan Earthquake and Fukushima Nuclear Incident and the return of Shinzo Abe as the role of prime minister in 2012. In such a context, the thesis examines the Next Host City Artistic Segment in the Rio Olympics’ closing ceremony. In this ceremony, Shinzo Abe appeared in the costume of super mario as a symbolic representation of Japan’s new “cool” image. At first glance, Abe’s performance as super mario only seems like a performance, yet this thesis understands it as the reciprocal relation of Cool Japan strategy and Tokyo Olympics to present Japan as new transformed “Cool Nation” for the international audiences as well as mobilization of nationalism and national pride for the domestic audiences.
Multicritical behavior of the two-dimensional transverse Ising metamagnet in a longitudinal magnetic field
Creators: name: Nascimento, Denise A. do
name: Pacobahyba, Josefa T.
name: Neto, Minos A.
name: Salmon, Octavio R.
name: Plascak, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic phenomena of the superantiferromagnetic Ising model in both uniform longitudinal ($H$) and transverse ($Ω$) magnetic fields are studied by employing a mean-field variational approach based on Peierls-Bogoliubov inequality for the free energy. A single-spin cluster is used to get the approximate thermodynamic properties of the model. The phase diagrams in the magnetic fields and temperature ($T$) planes, namely, $H-T$ and $Ω-T$, are analyzed on an anisotropic square lattice for some values of the ratio $α=J_{y}/J_{x}$, where $J_x$ and $J_y$ are the exchange interactions along the $x$ and $y$ directions, respectively. Depending on the range of the Hamiltonian parameters, one has only second-order transition lines, only first-order transition lines, or first- and second-order transition lines with the presence of tricritical points. The corresponding phase diagrams show no reentrant behavior along the first-order transition lines at low temperatures. These results are different from those obtained by using Effective Field Theory with the same cluster size.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures