cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Multi-fidelity Numerical Investigation of the Aerothermodynamics of a Slab Delta Wing
Creators: name: Bergen, Wyatt John
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: CFD
subject: Re-Entry
subject: Hypersonic
subject: Engineering--Aerospace
subject: Engineering--Mechanical

description: A multi-fidelity study of the aerothermodynamics of a slab delta wing is performed in the context of advancing the understanding of re-entry flow. The slab delta wing is a basic model geometry that provides an avenue for investigating fundamental flow phenomena in an environment of reduced overall complexity. The study assesses the viability of simplified aerothermal analysis techniques for the rapid prediction of heating and pressure outcomes on generic hypersonic geometries. A sophisticated computational fluid dynamics workflow, implemented in OpenFOAM and incorporating meshing strategies designed to accurately account for hypersonic flow characteristics, is validated against experimental results. Computational outcomes found using both levels of analysis are scrutinized regarding their approximation to physical reality, and salient flow features are identified. Specific attention is paid to the success with which the numerical framework captures heat transfer profiles and their interplay with underlying flow phenomena. The significance of viscous effects and their impact on flow structure are evaluated through comparison to a simulation of the Euler equations.
Exponentially enhanced quantum communication rate by multiplexing continuous-variable teleportation
Creators: name: Christ, Andreas
name: Lupo, Cosmo
name: Silberhorn, Christine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A major challenge of today's quantum communication systems lies in the transmission of quantum information with high rates over long distances in the presence of unavoidable losses. Thereby the achievable quantum communication rate is fundamentally limited by the amount of energy that can be transmitted per use of the channel. It is hence vital to develop quantum communication protocols that encode quantum information as energy efficiently as possible. To this aim we investigate continuous-variable quantum teleportation as a method of distributing quantum information. We explore the possibility to encode information on multiple optical modes and derive upper and lower bounds on the achievable quantum channel capacities. This analysis enables us to benchmark single-mode versus multi-mode entanglement resources. Our research reveals that multiplexing does not only feature an enhanced energy efficiency, leading to an exponential increase in the achievable quantum communication rates in comparison to single-mode coding, but also yields an improved loss resilience. However, as reliable quantum information transfer is only achieved for entanglement values above a certain threshold, a careful optimization of the number of coding modes is needed to obtain the optimal quantum channel capacity.
description: 27 pages, 18 figures, Video abstract: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uadp5JjPigU
Residual determination of pyrethrins in Lycium barbarum (goji) by GC-MS/MS and a dietary risk assessment of Chinese goji consumption
Creators: name: Qin, Xinxian
name: Luo, Xiaoshuang
name: Han, Jiahua
name: Chen, Ye
name: Zhang, Kankan
name: Hu, Deyu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Plant Biology

description: An accurate and simple analytical approach for the determination of residues cinerin I, cinerin II, jasmolin I, jasmolin II, pyrethrin I and pyrethrin II (six active ingredients of pyrethrins) in fresh and dried goji berries was developed and validated for analysis by gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Good linearity (determination coefficient >0.99), accuracy (average recoveries of 88.3%–111.5%) and precision (intra- and inter-day relative standard deviations of 0.4%–8.3%) were obtained with the optimised determination method. The LODs and LOQs of the six analytes in two goji matrices were 0.24–2.1 µg/kg and 0.8–7 µg/kg, respectively. In a field trial, the terminal residual levels of pyrethrins (the sum of the concentrations of the six target analytes) in fresh and dried goji berry samples were <20–304 µg/kg at harvest, which could provide some information for the establishment of a maximum residue limit of pyrethrins on goji berries in China. Moreover, the risk assessment results indicated that because the risk quotient values were ≪100%, the potential dietary risk of pyrethrins on goji berries could be negligible for Chinese consumers. These detection and field results could provide some supporting data for the determination of pyrethrin residues in other crops and the proper application and safety assessment of pyrethrins in goji plants.
Implications of the UHECRs penetration depth measurements
Creators: name: Shaham, Nimrod
name: Piran, Tsvi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The simple interpretation of PAO's UHECRs' penetration depth measurements suggests a transition at the energy range $1.1 - 35 \cdot 10^{18} $ eV from protons to heavier nuclei. A detailed comparison of this data with air shower simulations reveals strong restrictions on the amount of light nuclei (protons and He) in the observed flux. We find a robust upper bound on the observed proton fraction of the UHECRs flux and we rule out a composition dominated by protons and He. Acceleration and propagation effects lead to an observed composition that is different from the one at the source. Using a simple toy model that take into account these effects, we show that the observations requires an extreme metallicity at the sources with metals to protons mass ratio of 1:1, a ratio that is larger by a factor of a hundred than the solar abundance. This composition imposes an almost impossible constraint on all current astrophysical models for UHECRs accelerators. This may provide a first hint towards new physics that emerges at $\sim 100$ TeV and leads to a larger proton cross section at these energies.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Reorganization energy from charge transport measurements in a monolithically$-$integrated molecular device
Creators: name: Merces, Leandro
name: Candiotto, Graziâni
name: Ferro, Letícia M. M.
name: de Barros, Anerise
name: Batista, Carlos V. S.
name: Nawaz, Ali
name: Riul, Antonio
name: Capaz, Rodrigo B.
name: Bufon, Carlos C. Bof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intermolecular charge transfer reactions are key processes in physical chemistry. The electron-transfer rates depend on a few system's parameters, such as temperature, electromagnetic field, distance between adsorbates and, especially, the molecular reorganization energy. This microscopic greatness is the energetic cost to rearrange each single$-$molecule and its surrounding environment when a charge is transferred. Reorganization energies are measured by electrochemistry and spectroscopy techniques as well as at the single-molecule limit using atomic force microscopy approaches, but not from temperature$-$dependent charge transport measurements nor in a monolithically$-$integrated molecular device. Nowadays self$-$rolling nanomembrane (rNM) devices, with strain$-$engineered mechanical properties, on$-$a$-$chip monolithic integration, and operable in distinct environments, overcome those challenges. Here, we investigate the charge transfer reactions occurring within a ca. 6 nm thick copper$-$phthalocyanine (CuPc) film employed as electrode-spacer in a monolithically integrated nanocapacitor. Employing the rNM technology allows us to measure the molecules' charge$-$transport dependence on temperature for different electric fields. Thereby, the CuPc reorganization energy is determined as (930 $\pm$ 40) meV, whereas density functional theory (DFT) calculations support our findings with the atomistic picture of the CuPc charge transfer reaction. Our approach presents a consistent route towards electron transfer reaction characterization using current$-$voltage spectroscopy and provides insight into the role of the molecular reorganization energy when it comes to electrochemical nanodevices.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
title: Epigenetic Investigation of PF(A) Ependymoma
Creators: name: Hasheminasabgorji, Elham
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biology--Cell
subject: Biology--Molecular
subject: Biogeochemistry

description: Posterior Fossa type A (PFA) ependymoma in infants presents therapeutic challenges with a 60% survival rate and significant treatment-associated neurocognitive sequalae. Our research revealed a distinctive 3D genomic architecture — Type B Ultra-Long Interactions in PFA (TULIPs) - universally present in PFA samples and occurring at recurrent regions of the genome. Here, we investigate the molecular origins of TULIPs in PFA ependymoma. We hypothesized that EZHIP expression may underlie TULIP formation, given its widespread expression in virtually all PFAs. To test this hypothesis, EZHIP was expressed in human neural progenitor cell (hNPC) cultures, and we validated the models using immunofluorescence and western blot assays. Our results demonstrated the nuclear localization of EZHIP and its association with chromatin. Moreover, the expression of EZHIP induced profound alterations in the conformation and localization of heterochromatin in the cells, consistent with the induction of TULIPs. Additionally, functional EdU incorporation assays provided evidence that the expression of EZHIP positively influences cell proliferation. Based on our immunofluorescence results, TULIPs appear as large H3K9me3-rich foci in the nucleus of cells. In various cell types, regions of heterochromatin marked by H3K9me3 are typically associated with HP1 proteins. Considering that HP1 proteins are involved in maintaining the liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) state of H3K9me3, we assessed whether TULIPs were in fact condensates. hNPCs expressing EZHIP were treated with 1,6-hexanediol, a compound widely used to disrupt liquid condensates. Our results indicated that 1,6-hexanediol treatment caused disruption of the H3K9me3 configuration, suggesting that TULIPs are in fact in LLPS states. In conclusion, our study provides valuable insights into the molecular origins of TULIPs in PFA ependymoma, elucidating the role of EZHIP expression and its impact on chromatin conformation and cell proliferation. While our data suggest that TULIPs may exist in an LLPS state, further investigation is required to confirm this. These findings enrich our understanding of the molecular landscape of PFA ependymomas and offer potential therapeutic targets.
title: On Utilization of Commercial Electric Vehicles for Grid Services
Creators: name: Karimi, Hossein
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Demand Charge Management
subject: Power System
subject: Grid Services
subject: Electric Commercial Fleet
subject: Investment planning
subject: Mobile Battery Storage
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical

description: The penetration of passenger electric vehicles into the grid has seen remarkable growth over the past years. This transition is now extending into the commercial sector, where fleets are shifting from conventional to electric vehicles. The aggregated batteries of these electric fleets can provide a large amount of energy and power. When strategically deployed, these batteries can help fleet owners reduce electricity costs by providing energy during peak hours, facilitating load shifting, or generating revenue by renting battery capacity to third parties or the grid. Therefore, this thesis explores the potential of Electric Commercial Fleets (ECFs) for energy services and examines the benefits they can offer to both fleet owners and the grid. In the first contribution of this thesis, a mutlistage investment planning is developed for the transition from conventional fleet to ECF. This work first analyzes the revenue opportunities within the electricity markets in North America. Next, it assesses how these auxiliary services can influence the dynamics of fleet transitions, reduce the total cost of ownership for fleet owners, and accelerate the transition to electric fleets. Two additional contributions focus on the daily operational aspects of these fleets. In the first contribution of operation planning, a new time-index Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is developed that helps commercial and industrial entity to concurrently optimize their logistics and energy provision for their self-use. The advantage of this method is shown compared to the conventional VRP. For larger benchmarks, Column Generation and Branch-and-Price techniques is employed to decompose the large instances into smaller, more manageable problems for efficient solving. In the last contribution, the electric fleet is utilized as mobile battery storage to address planned outages across the city of Calgary. A robust optimization counterpart is further developed to deal with the uncertainties of logistics and electricity demand. The results illustrate that ECFs have the potential to outperform a single mobile battery system both financially and technically. This advantage stems from employing the sharing economy concept and the presence of a larger number of vehicles distributed across the city.
Neural precursors of future liking and affective reciprocity
Creators: name: Zerubavel, Noam
name: Hoffman, Mark Anthony
name: Reich, Adam Dalton
name: Ochsner, Kevin N.
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Reciprocity (Psychology)
Neural networks (Neurobiology)
Social groups
Neuropsychiatry
Dyadic analysis (Social sciences)

description: Why do certain group members end up liking each other more than others? How does affective reciprocity arise in human groups? The prediction of interpersonal sentiment has been a long-standing pursuit in the social sciences. We combined fMRI and longitudinal social network data to test whether newly acquainted group members’ reward-related neural responses to images of one another’s faces predict their future interpersonal sentiment, even many months later. Specifically, we analyze associations between relationship-specific valuation activity and relationship-specific future liking. We found that one’s own future (T2) liking of a particular group member is predicted jointly by actor’s initial (T1) neural valuation of partner and by that partner’s initial (T1) neural valuation of actor. These actor and partner effects exhibited equivalent predictive strength and were robust when statistically controlling for each other, both individuals’ initial liking, and other potential drivers of liking. Behavioral findings indicated that liking was initially unreciprocated at T1 yet became strongly reciprocated by T2. The emergence of affective reciprocity was partly explained by the reciprocal pathways linking dyad members’ T1 neural data both to their own and to each other’s T2 liking outcomes. These findings elucidate interpersonal brain mechanisms that define how we ultimately end up liking particular interaction partners, how group members’ initially idiosyncratic sentiments become reciprocated, and more broadly, how dyads evolve. This study advances a flexible framework for researching the neural foundations of interpersonal sentiments and social relations that—conceptually, methodologically, and statistically—emphasizes group members’ neural interdependence.
MOESM1 of Dynamic observation and analysis of metabolic response to moxibustion stimulation on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal lesions (GML) rats
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuan
name: Huang, Miao-sen
name: Liu, Cai-chun
name: Lian, Lin-yu
name: Shen, Jia-cheng
name: He, Qi-da
name: Wang, Ying-jie
name: Zhang, Long-bin
name: Liu, Mi
name: Yang, Zong-bao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Figure S1. Histological morphology of gastric mucosa from 12 groups. (A1, B1, C1 and D1, rats in control group, gastric mucosal lesions model group, moxibustion-acupoint group and moxibustion-nonacupoint group at 1 day, respectively; A2, B2, C2 and D2, rats in control group, gastric mucosal lesions model group, moxibustion-acupoint group and moxibustion-nonacupoint group at 4 days, respectively; A3, B3, C3 and D3, rats in control group, gastric mucosal lesions model group, moxibustion-acupoint group and moxibustion-nonacupoint group at 7 days, respectively; Scale bars represent 200 μm in each group.) Figure S2. Corresponding S-plots from the GML rats and the control rats in stomach (a1, a2 and a3), cerebral cortex (b1, b2 and b3) and medulla (c1, c2 and c3) tissues for three time points. Figure S3. Corresponding S-plots from the GML rats and the GML rats with moxibustion acupoints(MA) treatment in stomach (a1, a2 and a3), cerebral cortex (b1, b2 and b3) and medulla (c1, c2 and c3) tissues for three time points. Figure S4. Summaries of metabolic pathways in gut-brain integration altered moxibustion treatment on GML rats. Moxibustion intervention showed beneficial effects by regulating many GML-induced metabolic changes involved in energy metabolism, amino acids metabolism and membrane metabolism. (1, Phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis; 2, d-Glutamine and d-glutamate metabolism; 3, Valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis; 4, Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism; 5, Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism; 6, Glutathione metabolism; 7, Phenylalanine metabolism; 8, Methane metabolism; 9, Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism; 10, Taurine and hypotaurine metabolism; 11, Citrate cycle (TCA cycle); 12, Pyruvate metabolism; 13, Starch and sucrose metabolism; 14, Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis; 15, Glycolysis or Gluconeogenesis; 16, Arginine and proline metabolism; 17, Cysteine and methionine metabolism; 18, Tyrosine metabolism; 19, Primary bile and biosynthesis; 20, Glycerophospholipid metabolism.). Table S1. Peak attribution of the main marked metabolites in 1H-NMR spectra of stomach, cerebral cortex, medulla. Table S2. The alteration metabolites from stomach tissue. Table S3. The alteration metabolites from cerebral cortex tissue. Table S4. The alteration metabolites from medulla tissue.
A Crater Chronology for the Jupiter's Asteroids
Creators: name: Marchi, S.
name: Nesvorný, D.
name: Vokrouhlický, D.
name: Bottke, W. F.
name: Levison, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new crater chronology for Jupiter's Trojan asteroids. This tool can be used to interpret the collisional history of the bodies observed by NASA's Lucy mission. The Lucy mission will visit a total of six Trojan asteroids: Eurybates, Polymele, Orus, Leucus, and the near equal mass binary Patroclus-Menoetius. In addition, Eurybates and Polymele each have a small satellite. Here we present a prediction of Trojan cratering based on current models of how the Solar System and the objects themselves evolved. We give particular emphasis to the time lapsed since their implantation into stable regions near Jupiter's Lagrangian L4 and L4 points. We find that cratering on Trojans is generally dominated by mutual collisions, with the exception of a short period of time (~10 Myr) after implantation, in which cometary impacts may have been significant. For adopted crater scaling laws, we find that the overall spatial density of craters on Trojans is significantly lower than that of Main Belt asteroids on surfaces with similar formation ages. We also discuss specific predictions for similar-sized Eurybates and Orus, and the binary system Patroclus-Menoetius.
description: Published on AJ
Continual Model of Medium I: Algorithm for Formation of Smooth Molecular Surface
Creators: name: Kupervasser, Oleg
name: Wanner, N. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the full and exhaustive algorithm of formation of a smooth molecular Solvent Excluded Surface- SES, and also Solvent Accessible Surface- SAS is presented. These surfaces are a boundary between molecule and solvent. The basis of the algorithm is primary and secondary rolling of molecules. Originality of the paper consists in making of the full and improved algorithm of secondary rolling which allows to create optimal smooth surface SES of any molecule or any set of molecules by rolling any irregularities and close to irregularities situations appearing during primary rolling. The adaptive critical distance characterizing maximal admissible irregularity of a surface is used. The main task, which will be solved by the formed surface and which will be considered in the further papers, is a calculation of solvation energy and its gradients for continual models of solvent. Also it can be used for the demonstration purposes in the molecular editors.
description: 45 pages, 10 Figures Paper in English and in Russian
MOESM1 of Exploring novel herbicidin analogues by transcriptional regulator overexpression and MS/MS molecular networking
Creators: name: Shi, Yuanyuan
name: Gu, Renjie
name: Li, Yihong
name: Wang, Xinwei
name: Ren, Weicong
name: Li, Xingxing
name: Wang, Lifei
name: Xie, Yunying
name: Hong, Bin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional tables and figures.
Bondi-Sachs Energy-Momentum for the CMC Initial Value Problem
Creators: name: Bardeen, James M.
name: Buchman, Luisa T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The constraints on the asymptotic behavior of the conformal factor and conformal extrinsic curvature imposed by the initial value equations of general relativity on constant mean extrinsic curvature (CMC) hypersurfaces are analyzed in detail. We derive explicit formulas for the Bondi-Sachs energy and momentum in terms of coefficients of asymptotic expansions on CMC hypersurfaces near future null infinity. Precise numerical results for the Bondi-Sachs energy, momentum, and angular momentum are used to interpret physically Bowen-York solutions of the initial value equations on conformally flat CMC hypersurfaces of the type obtained earlier by Buchman et al. [Phys. Rev. D 80:084024 (2009)].
description: version to be published in Phys. Rev. D
A sparsity based approach towards fast MRI acquisition
Creators: name: Angshul, Majumdar
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a safe medical imaging modality that can acquire high quality scans. However, MRI has a relatively long acquisition time compared to other medical imaging modalities like X-Ray Computer Tomography and Ultrasonography. Reducing the MRI data acquisition time had been a challenge to researchers for the last two decades. Broadly there are two approaches to reduce the scan time – i) the hardware based approach by which the design of the scanner is changed to accommodate faster scans and ii) the software based approach where the sampling and reconstruction methods are changed to make faster scans. In this thesis, we propose techniques to reduce MRI acquisition time from the software based approach. The MRI scanner acquires the data in the Fourier frequency domain (more commonly referred to as the k-space in MRI). Traditionally, the k-space is sampled on a uniform Cartesian grid, and the image is therefore reconstructed using the inverse Fast Fourier Transform. Full sampling of the k-space is time consuming and forms the main source of delay in MRI acquisition. We show that it is possible to reduce the scan time by using non-uniform under-sampling of the k-space along with smart reconstruction algorithms to produce good quality MR images. The main contributions of this thesis are the following: 1. A novel MR image model that assumes the image to be a super-position of sparse and low-rank component is proposed; this yields more accurate reconstruction than previously known techniques in single channel static MR image reconstruction. 2. Algorithms for multi-echo MR imaging that jointly exploits the inter-echo correlation are proposed, resulting in a more accurate image reconstruction than existing techniques. 3. For the first time, a robust technique for multi-channel parallel MRI that does not require estimation of coil sensitivity maps is proposed. This technique produces images whose quality is at par or even better than state-of-the-art techniques. 4. Novel techniques for near real-time dynamic MRI reconstruction that are faster and more accurate than existing ones proposed 5. Efficient algorithms to solve a variety of problems in sparse/group-sparse/row-sparse signal recovery and low-rank matrix recovery are derived.
Nonviral gene editing via CRISPR/Cas9 delivery by membrane-disruptive and endosomolytic helical polypeptide
Creators: name: Wang, Hong-Xia
name: Song, Ziyuan
name: Lao, Yeh-Hsing
name: Xu, Xin
name: Gong, Jing
name: Cheng, Du
name: Chakraborty, Syandan
name: Park, Ji Sun
name: Li, Mingqiang
name: Huang, Dantong
name: Yin, Lichen
name: Cheng, Jianjun
name: Leong, Kam W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Gene editing
CRISPR-associated protein 9
Polypeptides
Nanoparticles
Tumors--Growth

description: Effective and safe delivery of the CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing elements remains a challenge. Here we report the development of PEGylated nanoparticles (named P-HNPs) based on the cationic α-helical polypeptide poly(γ-4-((2-(piperidin-1-yl)ethyl)aminomethyl)benzyl-L-glutamate) for the delivery of Cas9 expression plasmid and sgRNA to various cell types and gene-editing scenarios. The cell-penetrating α-helical polypeptide enhanced cellular uptake and promoted escape of pCas9 and/or sgRNA from the endosome and transport into the nucleus. The colloidally stable P-HNPs achieved a Cas9 transfection efficiency up to 60% and sgRNA uptake efficiency of 67.4%, representing an improvement over existing polycation-based gene delivery systems. After performing single or multiplex gene editing with an efficiency up to 47.3% in vitro, we demonstrated that P-HNPs delivering Cas9 plasmid/sgRNA targeting the polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) gene achieved 35% gene deletion in HeLa tumor tissue to reduce the Plk1 protein level by 66.7%, thereby suppressing the tumor growth by >71% and prolonging the animal survival rate to 60% within 60 days. Capable of delivering Cas9 plasmids to various cell types to achieve multiplex gene knock-out, gene knock-in, and gene activation in vitro and in vivo, the P-HNP system offers a versatile gene-editing platform for biological research and therapeutic applications.
title: Social Workers’ Perspectives on the Connection Between Later Life Trauma and Older Adults’ Mental Health and Overall Well-being
Creators: name: Shrestha, Laxman Prasad
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Impacts
subject: Later-life trauma (LLT)
subject: Older adults
subject: Perspectives
subject: Policy
subject: Practice
subject: Social work
subject: Social Work
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This research explores gerontological social workers’ perspectives and experiences responding to later-life trauma (LLT) and its impacts on older adults’ mental health and overall well-being, as well as their experiences with support, services, and resources available to older adults in their communities. A critical ethnography approach was utilized to investigate the experiences of social workers, recruited from agencies in Calgary, who have two or more years of working experience with older adults with histories of traumas. The findings of this qualitative study demonstrate that LLT significantly impacts older adults’ mental health and overall well-being. Capitalism-oriented societies and policymakers continue to marginalize this critical social issue. The study's results recognize the prevalence of ageism, discrimination, stereotypes, prejudices, and negative social assumptions and attitudes and describe how they exacerbate LLT. This study elaborates on specific factors contributing to intersecting multilayered barriers, such as social/self-stigma (shame, guilt, fear, and negative beliefs), systemic barriers, and limited programs, services, and resources for older adults. Although the number of older adults is growing locally and globally at the fastest rate in history, limited attention has been devoted to older adults and their issues related to LLT, compared to their younger counterparts. Older adults’ trauma is assumed to be normal and natural, even though the impacts of trauma are unique to each person. The results of this research reinforce how ageism and capitalistic social norms play pivotal roles in the stereotypes of and discrimination against older adults and their issues related to LLT. This study provided essential policy and practice recommendations to support older adults with LLT to ensure trauma-informed and age-friendly programs, services, and resources. The implications for policy, practice, and further research are discussed and presented.
title: Elucidating Understandings of Problematic Sexual Behaviours in Children and Adolescents through Meta-Analytic Methods and an Exploratory Evaluation of a Clinical Population Receiving Treatment
Creators: name: Mori, Camille Misora
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: problematic sexual behaviour
subject: children
subject: adolescents
subject: child and youth advocacy centre
subject: sexual content exposure
subject: problematic sexual behaviour - cognitive behaviour therapy
subject: Psychology--Clinical

description: Introduction: Key inquiries into Problematic Sexual Behaviour (PSB) include identifying risk factors and evaluating characteristics and treatment outcomes of PSB populations. Exposure to sexual content is an important risk factor to examine due to ubiquitous access to technology. Regarding treatment, Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for PSB (PSB-CBT) is an evidence-informed and developmentally appropriate intervention. Further research is needed to assess outcomes of PSB-CBT and target population characteristics. Objectives: 1) Examine associations between sexual content exposure and PSB; 2) Describe characteristics of a clinical PSB sample; 3) Evaluate treatment outcomes of PSB-CBT offered at a Child and Youth Advocacy Centre (CYAC); 4) Provide recommendations for ongoing PSB research, prevention, and intervention. Methods: A Developmental-Relational research model was used to develop the goals of this thesis. Study 1 used a systematic review and random-effects meta-analyses conducted on available literature up to September 2021. Results are based on 16,200 participants (71.3% male; Mage = 14.3) and 27 studies. Study 2 used a retrospective case file review of 61 files of children and families who attended a PSB-CBT treatment group at a CYAC between 2015 and 2019 (83.6% male; Mage = 8.9). Results: Study 1: Significant associations were found between exposure to nonviolent sexual content and likelihood of engaging in PSB (OR = 1.82; p < .001; 95 % CI: 1.50–2.21), and between exposure to violent/live sexual content and PSB (OR = 2.52; p < .001; 95 % CI: 1.75–3.61). Sex moderated the association between exposure to nonviolent sexual content and PSB, such that the association was stronger in studies with a greater proportion of females. Study 2: Characteristics and sexual behaviours exhibited by children who attended a PSB-CBT treatment group varied widely. Outcome analyses revealed decreases in child sexual behaviours and parenting stress. Conclusions: Results support the need for future research on risk factors and mechanisms implicated in PSB. Children with PSB and their families could benefit from incorporating education on sexual content exposure into treatment programs. PSB-CBT offered within CYACs is well suited to meet the intervention needs of children with PSB and their families.
Tests of Gravity Theories with Pulsar Timing
Creators: name: Ben Salem, Bilel
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 520

description: Pulsars are the most precise and stable macroscopic clocks in nature. With spinning periods of only a few milliseconds and timescales of the order of years, these astrophysical clocks can easily compete with the best atomic clocks on earth. The fast rotation of the pulsars induces through the lighthouse effect a radio beam that can cross the line of sight of earth and appears to us as periodic pulses. Using the technique of pulsar timing, which compares the measured times of arrivals against predictions from theoretical timing models, opens the door for testing gravitational physics in the strong gravity regime around these compact and dense objects. In this dissertation, based on gained timing data from observing campaigns with the Arecibo and Effelsberg telescopes, we will present an update to previous gravity test results from the pulsar-white dwarf binary PSR J1738+0333 . We confirm the validity of General Relativity and set tighter constraints on the parameter space of Scalar-Tensor gravity theories as the most promising candidates among many alternative gravity theories.

 In addition, we investigate the possible detection of a pulsar orbiting in the vicinity of the supermassive black hole SgrA∗ . We approach this problem by deriving an analytical formula based on Einstein’s theory of General Relativity which predicts the propagation time delay in the Kerr space-time and deduces the frame dragging times delay associated with the spin of the black hole. Finally we compare our results with previous Post-Newtonian approximations. We also discuss the stability and the precision of our approach.
MOESM1 of A leucine-rich repeat-receptor-like kinase gene SbER2â 1 from sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) confers drought tolerance in maize
Creators: name: Li, Hanshuai
name: Han, Xiaodong
name: Liu, Xinxiang
name: Zhou, Miaoyi
name: Ren, Wen
name: Zhao, Bingbing
name: Ju, Chuanli
name: Liu, Ya
name: Zhao, Jiuran
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Amino acid sequence alignment of Arabidopsis, maize, rice and sorghum ER family gene. The online software BoxShade highlights different types of amino acid sequences: the black background represents a completely identical amino acid sequence and the gray background represents a similar amino acid sequence
Topological Weyl Semi-metal from a Lattice Model
Creators: name: Delplace, Pierre
name: Li, Jian
name: Carpentier, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define and study a three dimensional lattice model which displays a Weyl semi-metallic phase. This model consists of coupled layers of quantum (anomalous) Hall insulators. The Weyl semi-metallic phase appears between a resulting quantum Hall insulating phase and a normal insulating phase. Weyl fermions in this Weyl semi-metal, similar to Dirac fermions in graphene, have their lattice pseudo-spin locked to their momenta. We investigate surface states and Fermi arcs, and their evolution for different phases, by exactly diagonalizing the lattice model as well as by analyzing their topological origins.
description: Accepted version for publication in EPL. 6 pages, 4 figures
Accurate and sensitive quantification of protein-DNA binding affinity
Creators: name: Rastogi, Chaitanya
name: Rube, Hans Tomas
name: Kribelbauer, Judith Franziska
name: Crocker, Justin
name: Loker, Ryan Edmund
name: Martini, Gabriella D.
name: Laptenko, Oleg
name: Freed-Pastor, William Allen
name: Prives, Carol L.
name: Stern, David L.
name: Mann, Richard S.
name: Bussemaker, Harmen J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Transcription factors
DNA-protein interactions
Protein binding
Probabilities--Mathematical models

description: Transcription factors (TFs) control gene expression by binding to genomic DNA in a sequence-specific manner. Mutations in TF binding sites are increasingly found to be associated with human disease, yet we currently lack robust methods to predict these sites. Here, we developed a versatile maximum likelihood framework named No Read Left Behind (NRLB) that infers a biophysical model of protein-DNA recognition across the full affinity range from a library of in vitro selected DNA binding sites. NRLB predicts human Max homodimer binding in near-perfect agreement with existing low-throughput measurements. It can capture the specificity of the p53 tetramer and distinguish multiple binding modes within a single sample. Additionally, we confirm that newly identified low-affinity enhancer binding sites are functional in vivo, and that their contribution to gene expression matches their predicted affinity. Our results establish a powerful paradigm for identifying protein binding sites and interpreting gene regulatory sequences in eukaryotic genomes.
Papers in Papuan Linguistics No. 1
Creators: name: Brown, W. (Ed.)
name: Fields, P. (Ed.)
name: Jarvinen, L. (Ed.)
name: Jones, L. (Ed.)
name: Laycock, D. (Ed.)
name: Roberts, J. (Ed.)
name: Shelden, D. (Ed.)
name: Shelden, H. (Ed.)
name: Steinhauer, H. (Ed.)
name: Watuseke, F. (Ed.)
name: Whitehead, C. (Ed.)
Publisher: name: Pacific Linguistics
Year: 1991

description: A-73
description: Contents iiiPREFACE v{WILLIAM U. BROWN} 1-27A quantitative phonology of Mai Brat{PHILIP C. FIELDS} 29-56A phonology of the Orya language{LIISA JÄRVLNEN} 57-95The pronoun system of Mauwake{LINDA K. JONES} 97-105Question words in Yawa{DON LAYCOCK} 107-113Three vowels, semivowels, and neutralisation: orthographic and other problems of Sepik languages{JOHN R. ROBERTS} 115-146Reduplication in Amele{DEIDRE SHELDEN} 147-160Setting a course in Galela: an orientation system of North Halmahera{HOWARD SHELDEN} 161-175Galela pronominal verb prefixes{HEIN STEINHAUER} 177-221Demonstratives in the Blagar language of Dolap (Pura, Alor, Indonesia){F.S. WATUSEKE (translated, edited and with a foreword and postscript by C.L. Voorhoeve)} 223-244The Ternate language{CARL R. WHITEHEAD} 245-311Tense, aspect, mood and modality: verbal morphology in Menya
MOESM2 of A leucine-rich repeat-receptor-like kinase gene SbER2–1 from sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) confers drought tolerance in maize
Creators: name: Li, Hanshuai
name: Han, Xiaodong
name: Liu, Xinxiang
name: Zhou, Miaoyi
name: Ren, Wen
name: Zhao, Bingbing
name: Ju, Chuanli
name: Liu, Ya
name: Zhao, Jiuran
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Analysis of SbER2–1 sequencing results compared with SbER2 in the NCBI database. The difference of 1-960 bp position of SbER2–1 sequence was obvious compared with SbER2, and only 3 bp were substituted in 961-2683 bp position
Precursor films in wetting phenomena
Creators: name: Popescu, M. N.
name: Oshanin, G.
name: Dietrich, S.
name: Cazabat, A. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spontaneous spreading of non-volatile liquid droplets on solid substrates poses a classic problem in the context of wetting phenomena. It is well known that the spreading of a macroscopic droplet is in many cases accompanied by a thin film of macroscopic lateral extent, the so-called precursor film, which emanates from the three-phase contact line region and spreads ahead of the latter with a much higher speed. Such films have been usually associated with liquid-on-solid systems, but in the last decade similar films have been reported to occur in solid-on-solid systems. While the situations in which the thickness of such films is of mesoscopic size are rather well understood, an intriguing and yet to be fully understood aspect is the spreading of microscopic, i.e., molecularly thin films. Here we review the available experimental observations of such films in various liquid-on-solid and solid-on-solid systems, as well as the corresponding theoretical models and studies aimed at understanding their formation and spreading dynamics. Recent developments and perspectives for future research are discussed.
description: 51 pages, 10 figures; small typos corrected
An Evaluation Framework for Mapping News Headlines to Event Classes in a Knowledge Graph
Creators: name: Mbouadeu, Steve Fonin
name: Lorenzo, Martin
name: Barker, Ken
name: Hassanzadeh, Oktie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mapping ongoing news headlines to event-related classes in a rich knowledge base can be an important component in a knowledge-based event analysis and forecasting solution. In this paper, we present a methodology for creating a benchmark dataset of news headlines mapped to event classes in Wikidata, and resources for the evaluation of methods that perform the mapping. We use the dataset to study two classes of unsupervised methods for this task: 1) adaptations of classic entity linking methods, and 2) methods that treat the problem as a zero-shot text classification problem. For the first approach, we evaluate off-the-shelf entity linking systems. For the second approach, we explore a) pre-trained natural language inference (NLI) models, and b) pre-trained large generative language models. We present the results of our evaluation, lessons learned, and directions for future work. The dataset and scripts for evaluation are made publicly available.
description: Presented at CASE 2023 @ RANLP https://aclanthology.org/2023.case-1.6/
title: Chemical Durability of Polymer Electrolyte Membrane of Fuel Cells
Creators: name: Mansoor Basha, Abdul Bashith
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: OCV hold test
subject: Graphene
subject: Fuel Cells
subject: Engineering--Chemical

description: The commercialization of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), especially for heavy-duty vehicles with lifetimes exceeding one million miles, is hindered by the limited durability of the polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM). Nafion, a perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membrane, is the benchmark for PEMFCs, offers excellent proton conductivity but undergoes chemical degradation due to reactive free radicals generated by gas crossover. This degradation damages the polymer chains, compromising membrane integrity and reducing overall stack performance. Addressing this challenge is key to advancing PEMFCs for long-term, large-scale applications. This dissertation addresses these durability concerns by investigating alternative membrane architectures aimed at overcoming the barriers to large-scale PEMFC commercialization. Specifically, graphene, with its exceptional gas barrier properties, is applied as a coating on PEMs to enhance chemical stability. Graphene's ability to block atom and molecule transport while allowing proton permeation is exploited in this work. Accelerated stress testing shows a 72% improvement in chemical stability for graphene-coated membranes compared to uncoated ones, attributed to the reduced gas crossover and free radical formation. Single-layer graphene coatings achieved a 20% reduction in gas crossover, while double-layer coatings reduced it by 55%, without significantly impacting membrane ionic resistance. However, challenges related to water management at high current densities were noted, warranting further investigation. Beyond membrane architecture, this dissertation investigates the understanding of potential decay during the OCV hold test. During OCV hold, an approximate 100 mV decay is observed in the first 24 hours. Significant recovery of this OCV loss has been achieved through the conventional “wet recovery process,” which involves lowering the cell potential under over-humidified conditions, confounding the effects of potential reduction and catalyst/ionomer reorganization due to humidification. This study introduces a novel “dry recovery protocol,” using 30% RH and applying 30 minutes of low potential hold in an H2/N2 environment followed by H2/Air. OCV recovery of 82%, 73%, 62%, and 58% was achieved at hold potentials of 0.13, 0.2, 0.6, and 0.8 V, respectively. The small changes in electrochemically active surface area and hydrogen crossover rate observed after 48 hours cannot fully explain the nearly 100 mV OCV drop, suggesting oxide coverage increases as the dominant factor for sharp OCV decay.
From the cosmological model to generation of the Hubble flow
Creators: name: Lukash, V. N.
name: Mikheeva, E. V.
name: Strokov, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review different approaches to the problem of generating the observed Hubble flow, whose discussion was pioneered by A.D. Sakharov. Extrapolating the Cosmological Standard Model to the past makes it possible to determine physical properties of and conditions in the early universe. We discuss a new cosmogenesis paradigm based on studying geodesically complete geometries of black/white holes with integrable singularities.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures. Reported at the Sakharov's 90th Anniversary Session on May 25, 2011. Accepted to Phys. Usp
Composite MFV and Beyond
Creators: name: Redi, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit and extend realizations of Minimal Flavor Violation (MFV) in theories with strongly coupled electro-weak symmetry breaking. MFV requires that some chiralities of light SM quarks are strongly composite leading, depending on the scenario, to bounds from compositeness searches, precision electro-weak tests or even flavor physics. Within the framework of partial compositeness we show how to extend the MFV paradigm allowing the treat the top quark differently. This can be realized if for example the strong sector has an U(2) symmetry. In this case the light generations can be mostly elementary and all the bounds are easily satisfied.
description: 16 pages. v2) estimates improved, conclusions unchanged