cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ab Initio Study of Chemical Reactions of Cold SrF and CaF Molecules with Alkali-Metal and Alkaline-Earth-Metal Atoms
Creators: name: Kosicki, Maciej
name: Kedziera, Dariusz
name: Zuchowski, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the energetics of the atom exchange reaction in the SrF+alkali-metal atom and CaF+alkali-metal atom systems. Such reactions are possible only for collisions of SrF and CaF with the lithium atoms, while they are energetically forbidden for other alkali-metal atoms. Specifically, we focus on SrF interacting with Li, Rb, and Sr atoms and use ab initio methods to demonstrate that the SrF+Li and SrF+Sr reactions are barrierless. We present potential energy surfaces for the interaction of the SrF molecule with the Li, Rb, and Sr atoms in their energetically lowest-lying electronic spin states. The obtained potential energy surfaces are deep and exhibit profound interaction anisotropies. We predict that the collisions of SrF molecules in the rotational or Zeeman excited states most likely have a strong inelastic character. We discuss the prospects for the sympathetic cooling of SrF and CaF molecules using ultracold alkali-metal atoms.
description: corrected version (to appear in J. Phys. Chem. A)
Combining Topological Hardware and Topological Software: Color Code Quantum Computing with Topological Superconductor Networks
Creators: name: Litinski, Daniel
name: Kesselring, Markus S.
name: Eisert, Jens
name: von Oppen, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scalable architecture for fault-tolerant topological quantum computation using networks of voltage-controlled Majorana Cooper pair boxes, and topological color codes for error correction. Color codes have a set of transversal gates which coincides with the set of topologically protected gates in Majorana-based systems, namely the Clifford gates. In this way, we establish color codes as providing a natural setting in which advantages offered by topological hardware can be combined with those arising from topological error-correcting software for full-fledged fault-tolerant quantum computing. We provide a complete description of our architecture including the underlying physical ingredients. We start by showing that in topological superconductor networks, hexagonal cells can be employed to serve as physical qubits for universal quantum computation, and present protocols for realizing topologically protected Clifford gates. These hexagonal cell qubits allow for a direct implementation of open-boundary color codes with ancilla-free syndrome readout and logical $T$-gates via magic state distillation. For concreteness, we describe how the necessary operations can be implemented using networks of Majorana Cooper pair boxes, and give a feasibility estimate for error correction in this architecture. Our approach is motivated by nanowire-based networks of topological superconductors, but could also be realized in alternative settings such as quantum Hall-superconductor hybrids.
description: 24 pages, 24 figures
On the structure of affine flat group schemes over discrete valuation rings
Creators: name: Duong, Nguyen Dai
name: Hai, Phung Ho
name: Santos, João Pedro P. dos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F10, 14L15

description: We study affine group schemes over a discrete valuation ring $R$ using two techniques: Neron blowups and Tannakian categories. We employ the theory developed to define and study differential Galois groups of $\mathcal D$-modules on a scheme over a $R$. This throws light on how differential Galois groups of families degenerate.
description: 46 pages, final version, accepted for publication in Annali della Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa, Classe di Scienze
Smooth dense subalgebras and Fourier multipliers on compact quantum groups
Creators: name: Akylzhanov, Rauan
name: Majid, Shahn
name: Ruzhansky, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81R50, 43A22

description: We define and study dense Frechet subalgebras of compact quantum groups consisting of elements rapidly decreasing with respect to an unbounded sequence of real numbers. Further, this sequence can be viewed as the eigenvalues of a Dirac-like operator and we characterize the boundedness of its commutators in terms of the eigenvalues. Grotendieck's theory of topological tensor products immediately yields a Schwartz kernel theorem for linear operators on compact quantum groups and allows us to introduce a natural class of pseudo-differential operators on compact quantum groups. As a by-product, we develop elements of the distribution theory and corresponding Fourier analysis. We give applications of our construction to obtain sufficient conditions for $L^p-L^q$ boundedness of coinvariant linear operators. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for algebraic differential calculi on Hopf subalgebras of compact quantum groups to extend to the proposed smooth structure. We check explicitly that these conditions hold true on the quantum $SU(2)$ for both its 3-dimensional and 4-dimensional calculi.
description: 33 pages, some corrections, bibliography updated
Universal ultra-robust interrogation protocol with zero probe-field-induced frequency shift for quantum clocks and high-accuracy spectroscopy
Creators: name: Zanon-Willette, T.
name: Lefevre, R.
name: Taichenachev, A. V.
name: Yudin, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical clock interrogation protocols, based on laser-pulse spectroscopy, are suffering from probe-induced frequency shifts and their variations induced by laser power. Original Hyper-Ramsey probing scheme, which was proposed to alleviate those issues, does not fully eliminate the shift, especially when decoherence and relaxation by spontaneous emission or collisions are present. We propose to solve the fundamental problem of frequency shifts induced by laser probe by deriving the exact canonical form of a multi-pulse generalized Hyper-Ramsey (GHR) resonance, including decoherence and relaxation. We present a universal interrogation protocol based on composite laser-pulses spectroscopy with phase-modulation eliminating probe-induced frequency shifts at all orders in presence of various dissipative processes. Unlike frequency shifts extrapolation-based methods, a universal interrogation protocol based on $\pmπ/4$ and $\pm3π/4$ phase-modulated resonances is proposed which does not compromise the stability of the optical clock while maintaining an ultra-robust error signal gradient in presence of substantial uncompensated ac Stark-shifts. Such a scheme can be implemented in two flavours: either by inverting clock state initialization or by pulse order reversal even without a perfect quantum state initialization. This universal interrogation protocol can be applied to atomic, molecular and nuclear frequency metrology, mass spectrometry and to the field of precision spectroscopy. It might be designed using magic-wave induced transitions, two-photon excitation and magnetically-induced spectroscopy or it might even be implemented with quantum logic gate circuit and qubit entanglement.
description: In memory of N.F Ramsey and A. Clairon. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
Quasiparticle interference and resonant states in normal and superconducting line nodal semimetals
Creators: name: Setty, Chandan
name: Phillips, Philip W.
name: Narayan, Awadhesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study impurity scattering in the normal and d-wave superconducting states of line nodal semimetals and show that, due to additional scattering phase space available for impurities on the surface, the quasiparticle interference pattern acquires an extended character instead of a discrete collection of delta function peaks. Moreover, using the T-matrix formalism, we demonstrate that the conventional behavior of a scalar impurity in a d-wave superconductor breaks down on the surface of a line nodal semimetal in the quasi flat band limit.
description: 11 pages,7 figures including Supplemental Material
From Data Deluge to Data Curation: A Filtering-WoRA Paradigm for Efficient Text-based Person Search
Creators: name: Sun, Jintao
name: Fei, Hao
name: Zheng, Zhedong
name: Ding, Gangyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In text-based person search endeavors, data generation has emerged as a prevailing practice, addressing concerns over privacy preservation and the arduous task of manual annotation. Although the number of synthesized data can be infinite in theory, the scientific conundrum persists that how much generated data optimally fuels subsequent model training. We observe that only a subset of the data in these constructed datasets plays a decisive role. Therefore, we introduce a new Filtering-WoRA paradigm, which contains a filtering algorithm to identify this crucial data subset and WoRA (Weighted Low-Rank Adaptation) learning strategy for light fine-tuning. The filtering algorithm is based on the cross-modality relevance to remove the lots of coarse matching synthesis pairs. As the number of data decreases, we do not need to fine-tune the entire model. Therefore, we propose a WoRA learning strategy to efficiently update a minimal portion of model parameters. WoRA streamlines the learning process, enabling heightened efficiency in extracting knowledge from fewer, yet potent, data instances. Extensive experimentation validates the efficacy of pretraining, where our model achieves advanced and efficient retrieval performance on challenging real-world benchmarks. Notably, on the CUHK-PEDES dataset, we have achieved a competitive mAP of 67.02% while reducing model training time by 19.82%.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2025 (WWW '25)
Unimodular hierarchical models and their Graver bases
Creators: name: Bernstein, Daniel Irving
name: O'Neill, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a simplicial complex whose vertices are labeled with positive integers, one can associate a vector configuration whose corresponding toric variety is the Zariski closure of a hierarchical model. We classify all the vertex-weighted simplicial complexes that give rise to unimodular vector configurations. We also provide a combinatorial characterization of their Graver bases.
description: Minor changes from previous version. This version to appear in Journal of Algebraic Statistics
Consistent Cosmic Bubble Embeddings
Creators: name: Haque, S. Shajidul
name: Underwood, Bret
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Raychaudhuri equation for null rays is a powerful tool for finding consistent embeddings of cosmological bubbles into a background spacetime in a way that is largely independent of the matter content. We find that spatially flat or positively curved thin wall bubbles surrounded by a cosmological background must have a Hubble expansion that is either contracting or expanding slower than the background, which are more stringent constraints than those obtained by the usual Israel thin-wall formalism. Similarly, a cosmological bubble surrounded by Schwarzschild space, occasionally used as a simple "swiss cheese" model of inhomogenities in an expanding universe, must be contracting (for spatially flat and positively curved bubbles) and bounded in size by the apparent horizon.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. v2: updated references. v3: matches published version
AdvisorQA: Towards Helpful and Harmless Advice-seeking Question Answering with Collective Intelligence
Creators: name: Kim, Minbeom
name: Lee, Hwanhee
name: Park, Joonsuk
name: Lee, Hwaran
name: Jung, Kyomin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As the integration of large language models into daily life is on the rise, there is a clear gap in benchmarks for advising on subjective and personal dilemmas. To address this, we introduce AdvisorQA, the first benchmark developed to assess LLMs' capability in offering advice for deeply personalized concerns, utilizing the LifeProTips subreddit forum. This forum features a dynamic interaction where users post advice-seeking questions, receiving an average of 8.9 advice per query, with 164.2 upvotes from hundreds of users, embodying a collective intelligence framework. Therefore, we've completed a benchmark encompassing daily life questions, diverse corresponding responses, and majority vote ranking to train our helpfulness metric. Baseline experiments validate the efficacy of AdvisorQA through our helpfulness metric, GPT-4, and human evaluation, analyzing phenomena beyond the trade-off between helpfulness and harmlessness. AdvisorQA marks a significant leap in enhancing QA systems for providing personalized, empathetic advice, showcasing LLMs' improved understanding of human subjectivity.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures
Motivations for Patronage: Early Modernist Literature as a Case Study
Creators: name: Crozier, Raymond
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other creative arts and writing not elsewhere classified

description: Patronage of early modernist English-language writers is investigated, drawing upon biographical source material. The process of identifying patrons started with Imagist poets in the first decades of the twentieth century followed by a search for their social connections with fellow writers and patrons. Fifteen patrons were identified who brought new money into the network of connections, twelve of them women. Analysis of their personal characteristics reveals a distinctive pattern of substantial, inherited financial resources, education, literary interests and unorthodox lifestyle, notably for the women in the sample. Explanations of motivation in terms of social identity, gift exchange and co-creation are discussed.
Statistical model for the orientation of non-spherical particles settling in turbulence
Creators: name: Gustavsson, K.
name: Jucha, J.
name: Naso, A.
name: Lévêque, E.
name: Pumir, A.
name: Mehlig, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orientation of small anisotropic particles settling in a turbulent fluid determines some essential properties of the suspension. We show that the orientation distribution of small heavy spheroids settling through turbulence can be accurately predicted by a simple Gaussian statistical model that takes into account particle inertia and provides a quantitative understanding of the orientation distribution on the problem parameters when fluid inertia is negligible. Our results open the way to a parameterisation of the distribution of ice-crystals in clouds, and potentially leads to an improved understanding of radiation reflection, or particle aggregation through collisions in clouds.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, revised version, supplemental material
Methanofollis propanolicus sp. nov., a novel archaeal isolate from a Costa Rican oil well that uses propanol for methane production
Creators: name: Dengler, Linda
name: Meier, Julia
name: Grünberger, Felix
name: Bellack, Annett
name: Rachel, Reinhard
name: Grohmann, Dina
name: Huber, Harald
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methanogenesis · Propanol · Costa Rica · Oil well · Methanomicrobiaceae
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: A novel methanogenic strain, CaP3V-MF-L2AT, was isolated from an exploratory oil well from Cahuita National Park, Costa Rica. The cells were irregular cocci, 0.8–1.8 μm in diameter, stained Gram-negative and were motile. The strain utilized H2/CO2, formate and the primary and secondary alcohols 1-propanol and 2-propanol for methanogenesis, but not acetate, methanol, ethanol, 1-butanol or 2-butanol. Acetate was required as carbon source. The novel isolate grew at 25–40 °C, pH 6.0–7.5 and 0–2.5% (w/v) NaCl. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the strain is affiliated to the genus Methanofollis. It shows 98.8% sequence similarity to its closest relative Methanofollis ethanolicus. The G + C content is 60.1 mol%. Based on the data presented here type strain CaP3V-MF-L2AT (= DSM 113321T = JCM 39176T) represents a novel species, Methanofollis propanolicus sp. nov.
The one step fermionic ladder
Creators: name: Das, Joy Prakash
name: Setlur, Girish S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The one step fermionic ladder refers to two parallel Luttinger Liquids (poles of the ladder) placed such that there is a finite probability of electrons hopping between the two poles at a pair of opposing points along each of the poles. The many-body Green function for such a system is calculated in presence of forward scattering interactions using the powerful non-chiral bosonization technique (NCBT). This technique is based on a non-standard harmonic analysis of the rapidly varying parts of the density fields appropriate for the study of strongly inhomogeneous ladder systems. The closed analytical expression for the correlation function obtained from NCBT is nothing but the series involving the RPA (Random Phase Approximation) diagrams in powers of the forward scattering coupling strength resummed to include only the most singular terms with the source of inhomogeneities treated exactly. Finally the correlation functions are used to study physical phenomena such as Friedel oscillations and the conductance of such systems with the potential difference applied across various ends.
description: 13 pages,9 figures, 4 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1608.05826
Scale-invariance of ruggedness measures in fractal fitness landscapes
Creators: name: Richter, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The paper deals with using chaos to direct trajectories to targets and analyzes ruggedness and fractality of the resulting fitness landscapes. The targeting problem is formulated as a dynamic fitness landscape and four different chaotic maps generating such a landscape are studied. By using a computational approach, we analyze properties of the landscapes and quantify their fractal and rugged characteristics. In particular, it is shown that ruggedness measures such as correlation length and information content are scale-invariant and self-similar.
Trilinear-Augmented Gaugino Mediation
Creators: name: Heisig, Jan
name: Kersten, Jörn
name: Murphy, Nick
name: Strümke, Inga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a gaugino-mediated supersymmetry breaking scenario where in addition to the gauginos the Higgs fields couple directly to the field that breaks supersymmetry. This yields non-vanishing trilinear scalar couplings in general, which can lead to large mixing in the stop sector providing a sufficiently large Higgs mass. Using the most recent release of FeynHiggs, we show the implications on the parameter space. Assuming a gravitino LSP, we find allowed points with a neutralino, sneutrino or stau NLSP. We test these points against the results of Run 1 of the LHC, considering in particular searches for heavy stable charged particles.
description: 13 pages + references, 4 figures, v4: corrected plot labels in figs. 1-3
Steiner triple systems with high chromatic index
Creators: name: Bryant, Darryn
name: Colbourn, Charles
name: Horsley, Daniel
name: Wanless, Ian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B07 (Primary), 05C15 (Secondary)

description: It is conjectured that every Steiner triple system of order $v \neq 7$ has chromatic index at most $(v+3)/2$ when $v \equiv 3 \pmod{6}$ and at most $(v+5)/2$ when $v \equiv 1 \pmod{6}$. Herein, we construct a Steiner triple system of order $v$ with chromatic index at least $(v+3)/2$ for each integer $v \equiv 3 \pmod{6}$ such that $v \geq 15$, with four possible exceptions. We further show that the maximum number of disjoint parallel classes in the systems constructed is sublinear in $v$. Finally, we establish for each order $v \equiv 15 \pmod{18}$ that there are at least $v^{v^2(1/6+o(1))}$ non-isomorphic Steiner triple systems with chromatic index at least $(v+3)/2$ and that some of these systems are cyclic.
description: 10 pages, 0 figures
Luminous Quasars Do Not Live in the Most Overdense Regions of Galaxies at z~4
Creators: name: Uchiyama, Hisakazu
name: Toshikawa, Jun
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
name: Overzier, Roderik
name: Chiang, Yi-Kuan
name: Marinello, Murilo
name: Tanaka, Masayuki
name: Niino, Yuu
name: Ishikawa, Shogo
name: Onoue, Masafusa
name: Ichikawa, Kohei
name: Akiyama, Masayuki
name: Coupon, Jean
name: Harikane, Yuichi
name: Imanishi, Masatoshi
name: Kodama, Tadayuki
name: Komiyama, Yutaka
name: Lee, Chien-Hsiu
name: Lin, Yen-Ting
name: Miyazaki, Satoshi
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Nishizawa, Atushi J.
name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Wang, Shiang-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the cross-correlation between 151 luminous quasars ($M_{ \mathrm{UV}} < -26$) and 179 protocluster candidates at $z \sim 3.8$, extracted from the Wide imaging survey ($ \sim 121~ $deg$^2$) performed with a part of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP). We find that only two out of 151 quasars reside in regions that are more overdense compared to the average field at $ > 4 σ$. The distributions of the distance between quasars and the nearest protoclusters and the significance of the overdensity at the position of quasars are statistically identical to those found for $g$-dropout galaxies, suggesting that quasars tend to reside in almost the same environment as star-forming galaxies at this redshift. Using stacking analysis, we find that the average density of $g$-dropout galaxies around quasars is slightly higher than that around $g$-dropout galaxies on $1.0 - 2.5$ pMpc scales, while at $ < 0.5$ pMpc that around quasars tends to be lower. We also find that quasars with higher UV-luminosity or with more massive black holes tend to avoid the most overdense regions, and that the quasar near zone sizes are anti-correlated with overdensity. These findings are consistent with a scenario in which the luminous quasar at $z \sim4 $ resides in structures that are less massive than those expected for the progenitors of today's rich clusters of galaxies, and possibly that luminous quasars may be suppressing star formation in their close vicinity.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ special issue
VESPA: a community-driven Virtual Observatory in Planetary Science
Creators: name: Erard, S.
name: Cecconi, B.
name: Sidaner, P. Le
name: Rossi, A. P.
name: Capria, T.
name: Schmitt, B.
name: Génot, V.
name: André, N.
name: Vandaele, A. C.
name: Scherf, M.
name: Hueso, R.
name: Määttänen, A.
name: Thuillot, W.
name: Carry, B.
name: Achilleos, N.
name: Marmo, C.
name: Santolik, O.
name: Benson, K.
name: Fernique, P.
name: Beigbeder, L.
name: Millour, E.
name: Rousseau, B.
name: Andrieu, F.
name: Chauvin, C.
name: Minin, M.
name: Ivanoski, S.
name: Longobardo, A.
name: Bollard, P.
name: Albert, D.
name: Gangloff, M.
name: Jourdane, N.
name: Bouchemit, M.
name: Glorian, J. -M.
name: Trompet, L.
name: Al-Ubaidi, T.
name: Juaristi, J.
name: Desmars, J.
name: Guio, P.
name: Delaa, O.
name: Lagain, A.
name: Soucek, J.
name: Pisa, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The VESPA data access system focuses on applying Virtual Observatory (VO) standards and tools to Planetary Science. Building on a previous EC-funded Europlanet program, it has reached maturity during the first year of a new Europlanet 2020 program (started in 2015 for 4 years). The infrastructure has been upgraded to handle many fields of Solar System studies, with a focus both on users and data providers. This paper describes the broad lines of the current VESPA infrastructure as seen by a potential user, and provides examples of real use cases in several thematic areas. These use cases are also intended to identify hints for future developments and adaptations of VO tools to Planetary Science.
description: Planetary and Space Sciences (in press), Special Issue "Enabling Open and Interoperable Access to Planetary Science and Heliophysics Databases and Tools". 43 pages, 14 figures, 1 table
Universality in quasi-2D granular shock fronts above an intruder
Creators: name: Karim, M. Yasinul
name: Corwin, Eric I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally study quasi-2d dilute granular flow around intruders whose shape, size and relative impact speed are systematically varied. Direct measurement of the flow field reveals that three in-principle independent measurements of the non-uniformity of the flow field are in fact all linearly related: 1) granular temperature, 2) flow field divergence and 3) shear-strain rate. The shock front is defined as the local maxima in each of these measurements. The shape of the shock front is well described by an inverted catenary and is driven by the formation of a dynamic arch during steady flow. We find universality in the functional form of the shock front within the range of experimental values probed. Changing the intruder size, concavity and impact speed only results in a scaling and shifting of the shock front. We independently measure the horizontal lift force on the intruder and find that it can be understood as a result of the interplay between the shock profile and the intruder shape.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Weakly coupled map lattice models for multicellular patterning and collective normalization of abnormal single-cell states
Creators: name: García-Morales, Vladimir
name: Manzanares, José A.
name: Mafe, Salvador
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We present a weakly coupled map lattice model for patterning that explores the effects exerted by weakening the local dynamic rules on model biological and artificial networks composed of two-state building blocks (cells). To this end, we use two cellular automata models based on: (i) a smooth majority rule (model I) and (ii) a set of rules similar to those of Conway's Game of Life (model II). The normal and abnormal cell states evolve according with local rules that are modulated by a parameter $κ$. This parameter quantifies the effective weakening of the prescribed rules due to the limited coupling of each cell to its neighborhood and can be experimentally controlled by appropriate external agents. The emergent spatio-temporal maps of single-cell states should be of significance for positional information processes as well as for intercellular communication in tumorigenesis where the collective normalization of abnormal single-cell states by a predominantly normal neighborhood may be crucial.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures, accepted to Phys. Rev. E
Flat-band ratio and quantum metric in the superconductivity of modified Lieb lattices
Creators: name: Penttilä, Reko P. S.
name: Huhtinen, Kukka-Emilia
name: Törmä, Päivi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flat bands may offer a route to high critical temperatures of superconductivity. It has been predicted that the quantum geometry of the bands as well as the ratio of the number of flat bands to the number of orbitals determine flat band superconductivity. However, such results have assumed at least one of the following: an isolated flat band, zero temperature, mean-field theory, and/or uniform pairing. Here, we explore flat band superconductivity when these assumptions are relaxed. We consider an attractive Hubbard model for different extensions of the Lieb lattice. The superconducting order parameter, critical temperature, superfluid weight, and Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) temperature are calculated within dynamical mean-field theory. We find that for isolated flat bands, the flat-band ratio and quantum geometry are in general good indicators of superconductivity even at finite temperatures. For non-isolated flat bands, a good guideline of the BKT temperature is provided by the zero-temperature superfluid weight and the flat-band ratio.
description: Journal version
Topological Fulde-Ferrell states in alkaline-earth-metal-like atoms near an orbital Feshbach resonance
Creators: name: Wang, Su
name: Pan, Jian-Song
name: Cui, Xiaoling
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Yi, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of synthetic spin-orbit coupling on the pairing physics in quasi-one-dimensional ultracold Fermi gases of alkaline-earth-metal-like atoms near an orbital Feshbach resonance (OFR). The interplay between spin-orbit coupling and pairing interactions near the OFR leads to an interesting topological Fulde-Ferrell state, where the nontrivial topology of the state is solely encoded in the closed channel with a topologically trivial Fulde-Ferrell pairing in the open channel. We confirm the topological property of the system by characterizing the Zak phase and the edge states. The topological Fulde-Ferrell state can be identified by the momentum-space density distribution obtained from time-of-flight images.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Regimes of wrinkling in pressurized elastic shells
Creators: name: Taffetani, Matteo
name: Vella, Dominic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the point-indentation of a pressurized elastic shell. It has previously been shown that such a shell is subject to a wrinkling instability as the indentation depth is quasi-statically increased. Here we present detailed analysis of this wrinkling instability using a combination of analytical techniques and finite element simulations. In particular, we study how the number of wrinkles observed at the onset of instability grows with increasing pressurization. We also study how, for fixed pressurization, the number of wrinkles changes both spatially and with increasing indentation depth beyond onset. This `Far from threshold' analysis exploits the largeness of the wrinkle wavenumber that is observed at high pressurization and leads to quantitative differences with the standard `Near threshold' stability analysis.
description: 21 pages, 8 figs. Minor typos corrected
Distribution of total petroleum hydrocarbons in superficial sediments of Karun River Basin, southwest of Iran: spatial and seasonal variations, source identification, and ecological risk
Creators: name: Dehvari, Mahboobeh
name: Takdastan, Afshin
name: Jorfi, Sahand
name: Ahmadi, Mehdi
name: Birgani, Yaser Tahmasebi
name: Babaei, Ali Akbar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) are common environmental pollutants in aquatic ecosystems that tend to adsorb onto the sediments. This study aimed to monitor the concentration and assessment of contamination level of TPHs in the sediments of Karun River and Bahmanshir estuary, which will eventually flow into the Persian Gulf. GIS-mapping technique was used to indicate the distribution of TPHs. The samples were collected during dry and wet seasons at 15 monitoring stations. - The maximum amount of TPHs was obtained at station No. 14 in the dry season (225.29 μg/g). The indices of determining the pollution source showed that hydrocarbons in polluted areas were mainly of biogenic origin. Compared to sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) and contamination factor (Cf), the study area sediments were in the conditions of moderate pollution and had a low ecological risk.
DC Conductivity and Higher Derivative Gravity
Creators: name: Donos, Aristomenis
name: Gauntlett, Jerome P.
name: Griffin, Tom
name: Melgar, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For Gauss-Bonnet gravity and in the context of holography we show how the thermal DC conductivity can be obtained by solving a generalised system of Stokes equations for an auxiliary fluid on a curved black hole horizon. For more general higher derivative theories of gravity coupled to gauge-fields, we also analyse the linearised thermal and electric currents that are produced by DC thermal and electric sources. We show how suitably defined DC transport current fluxes of the dual field theory are given by current fluxes defined at the black horizon.
description: 50 pages. Very minor corrections, reference added. Published version
Assessing the impact of bulk and shear viscosities on large scale structure formation
Creators: name: Barbosa, C. M. S.
name: Velten, H.
name: Fabris, J. C.
name: Ramos, Rudnei O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is analyzed the effects of both bulk and shear viscosities on the perturbations, relevant for structure formation in late time cosmology. It is shown that shear viscosity can be as effective as the bulk viscosity on suppressing the growth of perturbations and delaying the nonlinear regime. A statistical analysis of the shear and bulk viscous effects is performed and some constraints on these viscous effects are given.
description: V2. Final version
Association between residential exposure to petrochemical industrial complexes and pancreatic cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Boonhat, Hathaichon
name: Lin, Ro-Ting
name: Lin, Jaw-Town
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Increased in the global demand–expansion of the petrochemical industry is a possible environmental risk factor pancreatic cancer among residents living close to petrochemical complexes. This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled risk of pancreatic cancer among residents living near petrochemical industrial complexes. We systematically searched and reviewed published studies in six databases based on the inclusion criteria derived from the population, exposure, comparator, and outcomes framework (population: general population; exposure: residence near petrochemical industrial complexes/living in cities with petrochemical industrial complexes; comparators: residents living farther away from petrochemical industrial complexes/living in cities without petrochemical industrial complexes; outcome: pancreatic cancer). We identified seven studies, covering 1,605,568 residents. Pooled analysis showed a significantly higher risk of pancreatic cancer among residents living near petrochemical industrial complexes (relative risk [RR] = 1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.21–1.42) than those living farther away from petrochemical industrial complexes. Such effect was higher in female residents (RR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.18–1.53) than in male residents (RR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.12–1.41). This study suggests that exposure to petrochemical industry-related activities should be recognized as a risk factor for pancreatic cancer among residents living near petrochemical industrial complexes.
Comparative evaluation of efficacy of Trayodashang Guggul versus Rasona Pinda as an adjuvant with Katibasti in the management of Grudhrasi (Sciatica): A Randomized Controlled Trial
Creators: name: Dr.Mayank Rai
name: Dr.Sadhana Misar Wajpeyi
name: Dr.Reeya Gamne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Grudhrasi,Sciatica,katipradesh,Ruka,Rasonapinda,trayodashang guggul,katibasti,dashmool taila

description: Protocol for the rsearch study titled "Comparative evaluation of efficacy of Trayodashang Guggul versus Rasona Pinda as an adjuvant with Katibasti in the management of Grudhrasi (Sciatica): A Randomized Controlled Trial"
Optimal discrimination of single-qubit mixed states
Creators: name: Weir, Graeme
name: Barnett, Stephen M.
name: Croke, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of minimum-error quantum state discrimination for single-qubit mixed states. We present a method which uses the Helstrom conditions constructively and analytically; this algebraic approach is complementary to existing geometric methods, and solves the problem for any number of arbitrary signal states with arbitrary prior probabilities.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
A Separability-Entanglement Classifier via Machine Learning
Creators: name: Lu, Sirui
name: Huang, Shilin
name: Li, Keren
name: Li, Jun
name: Chen, Jianxin
name: Lu, Dawei
name: Ji, Zhengfeng
name: Shen, Yi
name: Zhou, Duanlu
name: Zeng, Bei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of determining whether a given quantum state is entangled lies at the heart of quantum information processing, which is known to be an NP-hard problem in general. Despite the proposed many methods such as the positive partial transpose (PPT) criterion and the k-symmetric extendibility criterion to tackle this problem in practice, none of them enables a general, effective solution to the problem even for small dimensions. Explicitly, separable states form a high-dimensional convex set, which exhibits a vastly complicated structure. In this work, we build a new separability-entanglement classifier underpinned by machine learning techniques. Our method outperforms the existing methods in generic cases in terms of both speed and accuracy, opening up the avenues to explore quantum entanglement via the machine learning approach.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures; comments welcome
Some fixed-circle theorems on metric spaces
Creators: name: Özgür, Nihal Yilmaz
name: Taş, Nihal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47H10, 54H25, 55M20, 37E10

description: The fixed-point theory and its applications to various areas of science are well known. In this paper we present some existence and uniqueness theorems for fixed circles of self-mappings on metric spaces with geometric interpretation. We verify our results by illustrative examples.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Life stages of wall-bounded decay of Taylor-Couette turbulence
Creators: name: Ostilla-Mónico, Rodolfo
name: Zhu, Xiaojue
name: Spandan, Vamsi
name: Verzicco, Roberto
name: Lohse, Detlef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decay of Taylor-Couette turbulence, i.e~the flow between two coaxial and independently rotating cylinders, is numerically studied by instantaneously stopping the forcing from an initially statistically stationary flow field at a Reynolds number of $Re=3.5\times 10^4$. The effect of wall-friction is analysed by comparing three separate cases, in which the cylinders are either suddenly made no-slip or stress-free. Different life stages are observed during the decay. In the first stage, the decay is dominated by large-scale rolls. Counterintuitively, when these rolls fade away, if the flow inertia is small a redistribution of energy occurs, the energy of the azimuthal velocity behaves non-monotonically: first decreasing by almost two orders of magnitude, and then increasing during the redistribution. The second stage is dominated by non-normal transient growth of perturbations in the axial (spanwise) direction. Once this mechanism is exhausted, the flow enters the final life stage, viscous decay, which is dominated by wall-friction. We show that this stage can be modeled by a one-dimensional heat equation, and that self-similar velocity profiles collapse onto the theoretical solution.
The 1997 CMU Sphinx-3 English Broadcast News Transcription System
Creators: name: Seymore, K
name: Rosenfeld, Ronald
name: Chen, S
name: Eskenazi, Maxine
name: Gouvea, E
name: Reddy, Raj
name: Ravishankar, M
name: Siegler, M
name: Stern, Richard
name: Thayer, E
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 80602 Computer-Human Interaction

description: This paper describes the 1997 Hub-4 Broadcast News Sphinx3 speech recognition system. This year’s system includes fullbandwidth acoustic models trained on Broadcast News and Wall Street Journal acoustic training data, an expanded vocabulary, and a 4-gram language model for N-best list rescoring. The system structure, acoustic and language models, and adaptation components are described in detail, and results are presented to establish the contributions of multiple recognition passes. Additionally, experimental results are presented for several different acoustic and language model configurations
DeMoN: Depth and Motion Network for Learning Monocular Stereo
Creators: name: Ummenhofer, Benjamin
name: Zhou, Huizhong
name: Uhrig, Jonas
name: Mayer, Nikolaus
name: Ilg, Eddy
name: Dosovitskiy, Alexey
name: Brox, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we formulate structure from motion as a learning problem. We train a convolutional network end-to-end to compute depth and camera motion from successive, unconstrained image pairs. The architecture is composed of multiple stacked encoder-decoder networks, the core part being an iterative network that is able to improve its own predictions. The network estimates not only depth and motion, but additionally surface normals, optical flow between the images and confidence of the matching. A crucial component of the approach is a training loss based on spatial relative differences. Compared to traditional two-frame structure from motion methods, results are more accurate and more robust. In contrast to the popular depth-from-single-image networks, DeMoN learns the concept of matching and, thus, better generalizes to structures not seen during training.
description: Camera ready version for CVPR 2017. Supplementary material included. Project page: http://lmb.informatik.uni-freiburg.de/people/ummenhof/depthmotionnet/
Subcritical convection in an internally heated layer
Creators: name: Xiang, Linyan
name: Zikanov, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal convection in a horizontal layer with uniform internal heating and stress-free constant-temperature boundaries is analyzed numerically. The work is motivated by the questions arising in development of liquid metal batteries, in which convection is induced by the Joule heating of electrolyte. It is demonstrated that three-dimensional convection cells exist at subcritical Rayleigh numbers.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Multi-Physics Numerical Analysis of Single-phase Immersion Cooling for Thermal Management of Li-Ion Batteries
Creators: name: Tripathi, Piyush Mani
name: Marconnet, Amy M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Battery thermal management systems (BTMSs) are critical for efficient and safe operation of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), especially for fast charging/discharging applications that generate significant heating within the cell. Forced immersion cooling, where a dielectric fluid flows in direct contact with the LIB cells, is an effective cooling approach. But because of its complex nature, a thorough understanding of the underlying physics - including the coupled electrochemical, thermal, fluid, and mechanical effects - is required before immersion cooling will see wide adoption into commercial systems. In this work, to investigate the performance of a LIB subjected to forced immersion cooling, we develop a fully coupled modeling approach that solves the detailed electrochemical model in conjunction with the thermal-fluid transport models for both the cell and fluid domain. After calculating the electrochemical and thermal responses, we also estimate the mechanical stresses within the cell generated due to the ion diffusion and temperature rise that impact reliability. To assess the effectiveness of forced immersion cooling, we evaluate several different configurations for a cylindrical 18650 battery cell under varying cell discharge rates. We compare forced immersion cooling for two liquids (deionized water and mineral oil) at three different fluid mass flow rates. The results highlight the strong cross-coupling of the electrochemical and heat transfer phenomena. By comparing results across fluids and flow rates, we define a new metric that can be used to compare the cooling capacity considering different flow parameters. Overall, this study provides insights that will be useful in the design of immersion cooling-based BTMSs including, for example, the selection of forced immersion cooling specifications, such that the temperature is controlled without significant capacity loss.
description: 39 pages; 11 figures