cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Sine scleroderma, limited cutaneous, and diffused cutaneous systemic sclerosis survival and predictors of mortality
Creators: name: De Almeida Chaves, Sébastien
name: Porel, Tiphaine
name: Mounié, Mickael
name: Alric, Laurent
name: Astudillo, Léonardo
name: Huart, Antoine
name: Lairez, Olivier
name: Michaud, Martin
name: Prévot, Grégoire
name: Ribes, David
name: Sailler, Laurent
name: Gaches, Francis
name: Adoue, Daniel
name: Pugnet, Gregory
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Appendix. Prognosis factors: COX univariate analysis in the Systemic Scleroderma Toulouse Cohort
Poincare duality and Periodicity
Creators: name: Klein, John R.
name: Richter, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57P10, 57Q45 (Primary), 55Q25, 55P91 (Secondary)

description: We construct periodic families of Poincare complexes, partially solving a question of Hodgson that was posed in the proceedings of the 1982 Northwestern homotopy theory conference. We also construct infinite families of Poincare complexes whose top cell falls off after one suspension but which fail to embed in a sphere of codimension one. We give a homotopy theoretic description of the four-fold periodicity in knot cobordism.
description: A significant revision. In this version we produce infinite families of examples of Poincare complexes whose top cell falls off after one suspension, but which do not embed in codimension one. We also rewrote the knot periodicity section in terms of Seifert surfaces rather than knot complements
Cooling and heating by adiabatic magnetization in the Ni$_{50}$Mn$_{34}$In$_{16}$ magnetic shape memory alloy
Creators: name: Moya, Xavier
name: Manosa, Lluis
name: Planes, Antoni
name: Aksoy, Seda
name: Acet, Mehmet
name: Wassermann, Eberhard F.
name: Krenke, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on measurements of the adiabatic temperature change in the inverse magnetocaloric Ni$_{50}$Mn$_{34}$In$_{16}$ alloy. It is shown that this alloy heats up with the application of a magnetic field around the Curie point due to the conventional magnetocaloric effect. In contrast, the inverse magnetocaloric effect associated with the martensitic transition results in the unusual decrease of temperature by adiabatic magnetization. We also provide magnetization and specific heat data which enable to compare the measured temperature changes to the values indirectly computed from thermodynamic relationships. Good agreement is obtained for the conventional effect at the second-order paramagnetic-ferromagnetic phase transition. However, at the first order structural transition the measured values at high fields are lower than the computed ones. Irreversible thermodynamics arguments are given to show that such a discrepancy is due to the irreversibility of the first-order martensitic transition.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in the Physical Review B
Microscopic surface structure of C/SiC composite mirrors for space cryogenic telescopes
Creators: name: Enya, Keigo
name: Nakagawa, Takao
name: Kaneda, Hidehiro
name: Onaka, Takashi
name: Ozaki, Tuyoshi
name: Kume, Masami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the microscopic surface structure of carbon-fiber-reinforced silicon carbide (C/SiC) composite mirrors that have been improved for the Space Infrared Telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics (SPICA) and other cooled telescopes. The C/SiC composite consists of carbon fiber, silicon carbide, and residual silicon. Specific microscopic structures are found on the surface of the bare C/SiC mirrors after polishing. These structures are considered to be caused by the different hardness of those materials. The roughness obtained for the bare mirrors is 20 nm rms for flat surfaces and 100 nm rms for curved surfaces. It was confirmed that a SiSiC slurry coating is effective in reducing the roughness to 2 nm rms. The scattering properties of the mirrors were measured at room temperature and also at 95 K. No significant change was found in the scattering properties through cooling, which suggests that the microscopic surface structure is stable with changes in temperature down to cryogenic values. The C/SiC mirror with the SiSiC slurry coating is a promising candidate for the SPICA telescope.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures
Giant Fluctuations of Coulomb Drag in a Bilayer System
Creators: name: Price, A. S.
name: Savchenko, A. K.
name: Narozhny, B. N.
name: Allison, G.
name: Ritchie, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed reproducible fluctuations of the Coulomb drag, both as a function of magnetic field and electron concentration, which are a manifestation of quantum interference of electrons in the layers. At low temperatures the fluctuations exceed the average drag, giving rise to random changes of the sign of the drag. The fluctuations are found to be much larger than previously expected, and we propose a model which explains their enhancement by considering fluctuations of local electron properties.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Magnetic structure of CeRhIn$_{5}$ under magnetic field
Creators: name: Raymond, S.
name: Ressouche, E.
name: Knebel, G.
name: Aoki, D.
name: Flouquet, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetically ordered ground state of CeRhIn$_{5}$ at ambient pressure and zero magnetic field is an incomensurate helicoidal phase with the propagation vector $\bf{k}$=(1/2, 1/2, 0.298) and the magnetic moment in the basal plane of the tetragonal structure. We determined by neutron diffraction the two different magnetically ordered phases of CeRhIn$_{5}$ evidenced by bulk measurements under applied magnetic field in its basal plane. The low temperature high magnetic phase corresponds to a sine-wave structure of the magnetization being commensurate with $\bf{k}$=(1/2, 1/2, 1/4). At high temperature, the phase is incommensurate with $\bf{k}$=(1/2, 1/2, 0.298) and a possible small ellipticity. The propagation vector of this phase is the same as the one of the zero-field structure.
description: 4 Figures
Additional file 1 of Implementing standard antenatal care interventions: health system cost at primary health facilities in Tanzania
Creators: name: Chamani, Amisa Tindamanyile
name: Mori, Amani Thomas
name: Robberstad, Bjarne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Annual costs for recurrent and capital items under the focused and the standard ANC models.
Calculations of canonical averages from the grand canonical ensemble
Creators: name: Kosov, D. S.
name: Gelin, M. F.
name: Vdovin, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Grand canonical and canonical ensembles become equivalent in the thermodynamic limit, but when the system size is finite the results obtained in the two ensembles deviate from each other. In many important cases, the canonical ensemble provides an appropriate physical description but it is often much easier to perform the calculations in the corresponding grand canonical ensemble. We present a method to compute averages in canonical ensemble based on calculations of the expectation values in grand canonical ensemble. The number of particles, which is fixed in the canonical ensemble, is not necessarily the same as the average number of particles in the grand canonical ensemble.
Protocol: Substituting  meat, poultry, and fish with legumes and risk of gallbladder diseases in a large prospective cohort
Creators: name: Fie Langmann
name: Daniel Borch Ibsen
name: Luke W. Johnston
name: Christina Catherine Dahm
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Protocol for research project using UK Biobank. This research will use the UK Biobank Resource under Application Number 81520.
Moving Object Segmentation in 3D LiDAR Data: A Learning-based Approach Exploiting Sequential Data
Creators: name: Chen, Xieyuanli
name: Li, Shijie
name: Mersch, Benedikt
name: Wiesmann, Louis
name: Gall, Jürgen
name: Behley, Jens
name: Stachniss, Cyrill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The ability to detect and segment moving objects in a scene is essential for building consistent maps, making future state predictions, avoiding collisions, and planning. In this paper, we address the problem of moving object segmentation from 3D LiDAR scans. We propose a novel approach that pushes the current state of the art in LiDAR-only moving object segmentation forward to provide relevant information for autonomous robots and other vehicles. Instead of segmenting the point cloud semantically, i.e., predicting the semantic classes such as vehicles, pedestrians, roads, etc., our approach accurately segments the scene into moving and static objects, i.e., also distinguishing between moving cars vs. parked cars. Our proposed approach exploits sequential range images from a rotating 3D LiDAR sensor as an intermediate representation combined with a convolutional neural network and runs faster than the frame rate of the sensor. We compare our approach to several other state-of-the-art methods showing superior segmentation quality in urban environments. Additionally, we created a new benchmark for LiDAR-based moving object segmentation based on SemanticKITTI. We published it to allow other researchers to compare their approaches transparently and we furthermore published our code.
description: Accepted by RA-L with IROS 2021
Magnetic superelasticity and inverse magnetocaloric effect in Ni-Mn-In
Creators: name: Krenke, Thorsten
name: Duman, Eyup
name: Acet, Mehmet
name: Wassermann, Eberhard F.
name: Moya, Xavier
name: Manosa, Lluis
name: Planes, Antoni
name: Suard, Emmanuelle
name: Ouladdiaf, Bachir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applying a magnetic field to a ferromagnetic Ni$_{50}$Mn$_{34}$In$_{16}$ alloy in the martensitic state induces a structural phase transition to the austenitic state. This is accompanied by a strain which recovers on removing the magnetic field giving the system a magnetically superelastic character. A further property of this alloy is that it also shows the inverse magnetocaloric effect. The magnetic superelasticity and the inverse magnetocaloric effect in Ni-Mn-In and their association with the first order structural transition is studied by magnetization, strain, and neutron diffraction studies under magnetic field.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures. Published in the Physical Review B
The Automatic Calibration Unit in JUNO
Creators: name: Hui, Jiaqi
name: Liu, Hancheng
name: Liu, Jianglai
name: Meng, Yue
name: Xiao, Mengjiao
name: Xu, Donglian
name: Yang, Lei
name: Ye, Ziping
name: Zhang, Feiyang
name: Zhang, Tao
name: Zhang, Yuanyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes the design and construction of the automatic calibration unit (ACU) for the JUNO experiment. The ACU is a fully automated mechanical system. It is capable of deploying multiple radioactive sources, an ultraviolet (UV) laser source, or an auxiliary sensor such as a temperature sensor, one at a time, into the central detector of JUNO along the central axis. It is designed as a primary tool to precisely calibrate the energy scale of detector, aligning timing for the photosensors, and partially monitoring the position-dependent energy scale variations.
Self-dual Vortices in the Abelian Chern-Simons Model with Two Complex Scalar Fields
Creators: name: Duan, Yi-Shi
name: Zhang, Li-Da
name: Liu, Yu-Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Making use of $ϕ$-mapping topological current method, we discuss the self-dual vortices in the Abelian Chern-Simons model with two complex scalar fields. For each scalar field, an exact nontrivial equation with a topological term which is missing in many references is derived analytically. The general angular momentum is obtained. The magnetic flux which relates the two scalar fields is calculated. Furthermore, we investigate the vortex evolution processes, and find that because of the present of the vortex molecule, these evolution processes is more complicated than the vortex evolution processes in the corresponding single scalar field model.
description: 9 pages, no figures
Outflow and Infall in a Sample of Massive Star Forming Regions
Creators: name: Klaassen, P. D.
name: Wilson, C. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present single pointing observations of SiO, HCO$^+$ and H$^{13}$CO$^+$ from the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope towards 23 massive star forming regions previously known to contain molecular outflows and ultracompact HII regions. We detected SiO towards 14 sources and suggest that the non-detections in the other nine sources could be due to those outflows being older and without ongoing shocks to replenish the SiO. We serendipitously detected SO$_2$ towards 17 sources in the same tuning as HCO$^+$. We detected HCO$^+$ towards all sources, and suggest that it is tracing infall in nine cases. For seven infall candidates, we estimate mass infall rates between 1$\times10^{-2}$ and 2$\times10^{-5}$ M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$. Seven sources show both SiO detections (young outflows) and HCO$^+$ infall signatures. We also find that the abundance of H$^{13}$CO$^+$ tends to increase along with the abundance of SiO in sources for which we could determine abundances. We discuss these results with respect to current theories of massive star formation via accretion. From this survey, we suggest that perhaps both models of ionized accretion and halted accretion may be important in describing the evolution of a massive protostar (or protostars) beyond the formation of an HII region.
description: 34 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Program evaluation in education : school district practice in British Columbia
Creators: name: Wilcox, Trisha G.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study addressed a problem frequently noted in the evaluation literature, namely the lack of an empirically derived knowledge base about how evaluation is practiced. It examined the practice of program evaluation in school districts in British Columbia. An historical account of the development of the evaluation literature led to a critique of the way the field is ordered, with the result that issues in evaluation, rather than approaches to the evaluative task, were used to structure the framework for the empirical research described. Four general questions that made up this framework were "Evaluation — to what end?" "Evaluation — by what means?" "Evaluation — for whom and by whom?" and "Evaluation — with what conclusion?" The framework was applied to written evaluation reports produced in school districts across the province. The results of the content analysis of these reports provided a description of school district evaluation which has not hitherto been available and which, in turn, served as a means of adding to the existing evaluation knowledge base. A further analysis of the numerous specific findings led to the identification of four salient aspects of program evaluation as practiced in British Columbia school districts. The aspects identified were stakeholder participation in the conduct of evaluations; the role of the evaluator; the purposes of evaluation, and the identification of evaluation criteria. When these aspects are considered together it is difficult to avoid the conclusion that program evaluation practices maintain and reinforce the status quo rather than challenge it. Two kinds of outcomes of the study were seen as important. First, it provides a sound basis for the creation of guidelines for writing evaluation reports in school districts. A number of such guidelines were suggested. Second, the study suggests areas in which further research might usefully be conducted both to amplify the picture discovered in this study and to explore what, if any, role is played by evaluation in the adoption of change in school systems.
NMR Evidence for Spin Canting in a Bilayer nu = 2 Quantum Hall System
Creators: name: Kumada, N.
name: Muraki, K.
name: Hirayama, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the electron spin states in the bilayer quantum Hall system at total Landau level filling factor nu =2 exploiting current-pumped and resistively detected NMR. The measured Knight shift, KS, of 75As nuclei reveals continuous variation of the out-of-plane electronic spin polarization between nearly full and zero as a function of density imbalance. Nuclear spin relaxation measurements indicate a concurrent development of an in-plane spin component. These results provide direct information on the spin configuration in this system and comprise strong evidence for the spin canting suggested by previous experiments.
description: Accepted for Phys. Rev. Lett
The Disc Miner I: A statistical framework to detect and quantify kinematical perturbations driven by young planets in discs
Creators: name: Izquierdo, Andres F.
name: Testi, Leonardo
name: Facchini, Stefano
name: Rosotti, Giovanni P.
name: van Dishoeck, Ewine F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] The study of disc kinematics has recently opened up as a promising method to detect unseen planets. However, a systematic, statistically meaningful analysis of such an approach remains missing. The aim of this work is to devise an automated, statistically robust technique to identify kinematical perturbations induced by the presence of planets in a gas disc, and to accurately infer their location. For this purpose, we produce hydro simulations of planet-disc interactions with different planet masses, 0.3, 1.0 and 3.0 $M_{Jup}$, at a radius of $R=100$ au in the disc, and perform radiative transfer calculations of CO to simulate observables for 13 planet azimuths. Using the DISCMINER package, we fit the synthetic data cubes with a Keplerian model of the channel-by-channel emission to study line profile differences, including deviations from Keplerian rotation. The detection technique, based on line centroid differences, captures localised planet-driven perturbations, and can distinguish them from axisymmetric velocity perturbations. The method can detect all three simulated planets, at all azimuths, with an average accuracy of $\pm3^\circ$ in azimuth and $\pm8$ au in radius. Owing to disc structure and line-of-sight projection effects, planets at azimuths close to $\pm45^\circ$ yield the highest velocity fluctuations, whereas those at limiting cases, $0^\circ$ and $\pm90^\circ$, drive the lowest. The observed peak velocities range within 40$-$70, 70$-$170 and 130$-$450 m s$^{-1}$ for 0.3, 1.0 and 3.0 $M_{Jup}$ planets. Our analysis indicates that the variance of peak velocities is boosted near planets due to organised gas motions prompted by their localised gravitational well. We propose an approach that exploits this velocity coherence to provide, for the first time, statistically significant detections of localised planet-driven perturbations in the gas disc kinematics.
description: 20 pages, 17 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in A&A
Invariants of Welded Virtual Knots Via Crossed Module Invariants of Knotted Surfaces
Creators: name: Kauffman, Louis H.
name: Martins, João Faria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 57M25 (Primary), 57Q45 (Secondary)

description: We define an invariant of welded virtual knots from each finite crossed module by considering crossed module invariants of ribbon knotted surfaces which are naturally associated with them. We elucidate that the invariants obtained are non trivial by calculating explicit examples. We define welded virtual graphs and consider invariants of them defined in a similar way.
description: New results. A perfected version will appear in Compositio Mathematica
A Rational Approach to Resonance Saturation in large-Nc QCD
Creators: name: Masjuan, P.
name: Peris, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that resonance saturation in QCD can be understood in the large-Nc limit from the mathematical theory of Pade Approximants to meromorphic functions. These approximants are rational functions which encompass any saturation with a finite number of resonances as a particular example, explaining several results which have appeared in the literature. We review the main properties of Pade Approximants with the help of a toy model for the two-point correlator, paying particular attention to the relationship among the Chiral Expansion, the Operator Product Expansion and the resonance spectrum. In passing, we also comment on an old proposal made by Migdal in 1977 which has recently attracted much attention in the context of AdS/QCD models. Finally, we apply the simplest Pade Approximant to the correlator in the real case of QCD. The general conclusion is that a rational approximant may reliably describe a Green's function in the Euclidean, but the same is not true in the Minkowski regime due to the appearance of unphysical poles and/or residues.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures
Pareto Optima of Multicriteria Integer Linear Programs
Creators: name: De Loera, Jesús A.
name: Hemmecke, Raymond
name: Köppe, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C29, 90C10

description: We settle the computational complexity of fundamental questions related to multicriteria integer linear programs, when the dimensions of the strategy space and of the outcome space are considered fixed constants. In particular we construct: 1. polynomial-time algorithms to exactly determine the number of Pareto optima and Pareto strategies; 2. a polynomial-space polynomial-delay prescribed-order enumeration algorithm for arbitrary projections of the Pareto set; 3. an algorithm to minimize the distance of a Pareto optimum from a prescribed comparison point with respect to arbitrary polyhedral norms; 4. a fully polynomial-time approximation scheme for the problem of minimizing the distance of a Pareto optimum from a prescribed comparison point with respect to the Euclidean norm.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure
Cluster tilting for one-dimensional hypersurface singularities
Creators: name: Burban, Igor
name: Iyama, Osamu
name: Keller, Bernhard
name: Reiten, Idun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we study Cohen-Macaulay modules over one-dimensional hypersurface singularities and the relationship with the representation theory of associative algebras using methods of cluster tilting theory. We give a criterion for existence of cluster tilting objects and their complete description by homological methods, using higher almost split sequences and results from birational geometry. We obtain a large class of 2-CY tilted algebras which are finite dimensional symmetric and satisfy $τ^2=\id$. In particular, we compute 2-CY tilted algebras for simple and minimally elliptic curve singularities.
description: 32 pages
Violation of Equivalence Principle in Neutrino Sector: Probing the Extended Parameter Space
Creators: name: Esmaili, Arman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The oscillation of neutrino flavors, due to its interferometry nature, is extremely sensitive to the phase differences developing during the propagation of neutrinos. In this paper we investigate the effect of the Violation of Equivalence Principle (VEP) on the flavor oscillation probabilities of atmospheric and cosmic neutrinos observed at neutrino telescopes such as IceCube. Assuming a general parameterization of VEP, dubbed extended parameter space, we show that the synergy between the collected data of high energy atmospheric and cosmic neutrinos severely constrains the VEP parameters. Also, the projected sensitivity of IceCube-Gen2 to VEP parameters is discussed.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures; v2: minor clarifications added, matches the version published in JCAP
Characterization of Low-Pressure MWPC from 1E3 to 1E5 Pa
Creators: name: Wang, Yanfeng
name: Sun, Zhijia
name: Wang, Xiaohu
name: Yi, Han
name: Jiang, Wei
name: Fand, Ruirui
name: Zhou, Liang
name: He, Yongcheng
name: Ning, Changjun
name: He, Yuefeng
name: Zhao, Yingtan
name: Sun, Kang
name: Gao, Keqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LPMWPC can be used as the ΔE detector for the low-energy charged particle detection. In order to increase the transmittance, the wires were adopted as the cathode. This work investigated the LPMWPC signal characteristics of this configuration and measured the gas gain with a mixture of 90%Ar and 10% CO2 from 1E3 to 1E5 Pa. From the test, the second pulse after the avalanche signal was observed, which proved to be caused by the ions' drifting near the cathode wire.
A Compact Approximate Solution to the Kondo Problem
Creators: name: Bergmann, Gerd
name: Zhang, Liye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A compact approximate groundstate of the Kondo problem is introduced. It consists of four Slater states. The spin up and down states of the localized d-impurity are paired with two localized s-electron states of opposite spin. All the remaining s-electron states are rearranged forming two new optimal orthonormal bases. Through a rotation in Hilbert space the two localized states (and the rest of the bases) are optimized by minimizing the energy expectation value. The ground-state energy E and the singlet-triplet excitation energy dE are calculated numerically. Although the two energies can differ by a factor of 1000, they are obtained simultaneously. The singlet-triplet excitation energy dE is proportional to exp[-1/2Jg] and quite close to the Kondo temperature k_BT_K. The cases for anti-ferromagnetic (J>0) and ferromagnetic (J<0) coupling are investigated.
Coupling between magnetic ordering and structural instabilities in perovskite biferroics: A first-principles study
Creators: name: Ray, Nirat
name: Waghmare, Umesh V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use first-principles density functional theory-based calculations to investigate structural instabilities in the high symmetry cubic perovskite structure of rare-earth (R $=$ La, Y, Lu) and Bi-based biferroic chromites, focusing on $Γ$ and $R$ point phonons of states with para-, ferro-, and antiferromagnetic ordering. We find that (a) the structure with G-type antiferromagnetic ordering is most stable, (b) the most dominant structural instabilities in these oxides are the ones associated with rotations of oxygen octahedra, and (c) structural instabilities involving changes in Cr-O-Cr bond angle depend sensitively on the changes in magnetic ordering. The dependence of structural instabilities on magnetic ordering can be understood in terms of how super-exchange interactions depend on the Cr-O-Cr bond angles and Cr-O bond lengths. We demonstrate how adequate buckling of Cr-O-Cr chains can favour ferromagnetism. Born effective charges (BEC) calculated using the Berry phase expression are found to be anomalously large for the A-cations, indicating their chemical relevance to ferroelectric distortions.
description: 8 pages, 13 figures
Loops in AdS: From the Spectral Representation to Position Space II
Creators: name: Carmi, Dean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue the study of AdS loop amplitudes in the spectral representation and in position space. We compute the finite coupling 4-point function in position space for the large-$N$ conformal Gross Neveu model on $AdS_3$. The resummation of loop bubble diagrams gives a result proportional to a tree-level contact diagram. We show that certain families of fermionic Witten diagrams can be easily computed from their companion scalar diagrams. Thus, many of the results and identities of [1] are extended to the case of external fermions. We derive a spectral representation for ladder diagrams in AdS. Finally, we compute various bulk 2-point correlators, extending the results of [1].
description: minor corrections, 36 pages, 11 figures
Compton thick AGN in the Suzaku era
Creators: name: Comastri, A.
name: Gilli, R.
name: Vignali, C.
name: Matt, G.
name: Fiore, F.
name: Iwasawa, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Suzaku observations of two hard X-ray (> 10 keV) selected nearby Seyfert 2 galaxies are presented. Both sources were clearly detected with the PIN Hard X-ray Detector up to several tens of keV, allowing for a fairly good characterization of the broad band X-ray continuum. Both sources are heavily obscured, one of which (NGC 5728) being Compton thick, while at lower energies the shape and intensity of the scattered/reflected continuum is very different. Strong iron Kalpha lines are detected in both sources. There are also hints for the presence of a broad relativistic iron line in NGC 4992.
description: proceedings of "The Extreme Universe in the Suzaku Era", Kyoto 4-8 December 2006, to be published in Progress of Theoretical Physics, Supplement
Spin-orbit correlations and exchange-bias control in twisted Janus dichalcogenide multilayers
Creators: name: Soriano, D.
name: Lado, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Janus dichalcogenide multilayers provide a paradigmatic platform to engineer electronic phenomena dominated by spin-orbit coupling. Their unique spin-orbit effects stem from local mirror symmetry breaking in each layer, which induces a colossal Rashba spin-orbit effect in comparison with the conventional dichalcogenide counterparts. Here we put forward twisted dichalcogenide bilayers as a simple platform to realize spin-orbit correlated states. We demonstrate the emergence of flat bands featuring strong spin-momentum locking and the emergence of non-collinear symmetry broken states when interactions are included. We further show that the symmetry broken states can be controlled by means of a magnetic substrate, strongly impacting the non-collinear magnetic texture of the moire unit cell. Our results put forward twisted Janus multilayers as a powerful platform to explore spin-orbit correlated physics, and highlighting the versatility of magnetic substrates to control unconventional moire magnetism.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Ranking Bertrand, Cournot and Supply Function Equilibria in Oligopoly
Creators: name: Delbono, Flavio
name: Lambertini, Luca
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: We show that the standard argument according to which supply function equilibria rank intermediate between Bertrand and Cournot equilibria may be reversed. We prove this result within a static oligopolistic game in which both supply function competition and Cournot competition yield a unique Nash equilibrium, whereas price setting yields a continuum of Nash equilibria. There are parameter regions in which Bertrand profits are higher than Cournot ones, with the latter being higher than in the supply function equilibrium. Such reversal of the typical ranking occurs when price-setting mimics collusion. We then show that the reversal in profits is responsible for a reversal in the welfare performance of the industry.
Neutron Scattering Study of the Localized Mode in the beta-Pyrochlore Superconductors AOs2O6
Creators: name: Sasai, Kenzo
name: Hirota, Kazuma
name: Nagao, Yohei
name: Yonezawa, Shigeki
name: Hiroi, Zenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inelastic neutron scattering and neutron powder diffraction experiments were carried out to investigate a localized mode, proposed from various bulk measurements, in the beta-pyrochlore AOs2O6 (A=K, Rb, Cs). The localized mode was identified in all the three compounds as well as another beta-pyrochlore CsW2O6. The anharmonicity of the mode is weak in RbOs2O6 and CsOs2O6 but substantial in KOs2O6.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures; typos and graph corrected
Two-way coupling of FENE dumbbells with a turbulent shear flow
Creators: name: Peters, Thomas
name: Schumacher, Joerg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical studies for finitely extensible nonlinear elastic (FENE) dumbbells which are dispersed in a turbulent plane shear flow at moderate Reynolds number. The polymer ensemble is described on the mesoscopic level by a set of stochastic ordinary differential equations with Brownian noise. The dynamics of the Newtonian solvent is determined by the Navier-Stokes equations. Momentum transfer of the dumbbells with the solvent is implemented by an additional volume forcing term in the Navier-Stokes equations, such that both components of the resulting viscoelastic fluid are connected by a two-way coupling. The dynamics of the dumbbells is given then by Newton's second law of motion including small inertia effects. We investigate the dynamics of the flow for different degrees of dumbbell elasticity and inertia, as given by Weissenberg and Stokes numbers, respectively. For the parameters accessible in our study, the magnitude of the feedback of the polymers on the macroscopic properties of turbulence remains small as quantified by the global energy budget and the Reynolds stresses. A reduction of the turbulent drag by up to 20% is observed for the larger particle inertia. The angular statistics of the dumbbells shows an increasing alignment with the mean flow direction for both, increasing elasticity and inertia. This goes in line with a growing asymmetry of the probability density function of the transverse derivative of the streamwise turbulent velocity component. We find that dumbbells get stretched referentially in regions where vortex stretching or bi-axial strain dominate the local dynamics and topology of the velocity gradient tensor.
description: 20 pages, 10 Postscript figures (Figures 5 and 10 in reduced quality)
Generation and Measurement of Non Equilibrium Spin Currents in Two Terminal Systems
Creators: name: Pareek, T. P.
name: Jayannavar, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generation and measurement of non-equilibrium spin current in two probe configuration is discussed. It is argued and shown that spin current can be generated in two terminal non-magnetic system. Further it is shown that these spin currents can be measured via conductance in two probe configuration when the detector probe is ferromagnetic.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Life loaded with threat and vulnerability: a qualitative inquiry into the experiences of HIV negative married women in serodiscordant heterosexual relationships
Creators: name: Larki, Mona
name: Bahri, Narjes
name: Latifnejad Roudsari, Robab
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide.
Unification and Fermion Mass Structure
Creators: name: Ross, Graham
name: Serna, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Grand Unified Theories predict relationships between the GUT-scale quark and lepton masses. Using new data in the context of the MSSM, we update the values and uncertainties of the masses and mixing angles for the three generations at the GUT scale. We also update fits to hierarchical patterns in the GUT-scale Yukawa matrices. The new data shows not all the classic GUT-scale mass relationships remain in quantitative agreement at small to moderate tan beta. However, at large tan beta, these discrepancies can be eliminated by finite, tan beta-enhanced, radiative, threshold corrections if the gluino mass has the opposite sign to the wino mass.
description: 10 pages, added references and comments on GUT thresholds
title: Une expérience d’accueil ritualisé des élèves le matin par un chant
title: Une expérience d’accueil ritualisé des élèves le matin par un chant
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schuler, Florence
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Chant
subject: accueil en classe
subject: rituels
subject: attention
subject: cohésion du groupe classe

description: Il m’a paru intéressant d’explorer comment la musique, en particulier le chant, pouvait être utilisée en classe avec les élèves pour stimuler leur attention et favoriser la cohésion du groupe-classe. Par ailleurs, avec la pratique et en particulier avec des enfants de 8 ans, il était important pour moi de les accueillir en classe avec une activité brève qui leur procurait du plaisir avant de commencer les tâches scolaires de la journée. En effet, le rôle de l’enseignant ne se limite pas à transmettre des savoirs disciplinaires aux élèves, mais également à encourager le développement de compétences sociales telles le vivre ensemble, la coopération et l’acceptation des autres. La problématique m’a permis d’explorer l’importance de l’accueil en classe des élèves, ainsi que les effets que le chant pouvait avoir sur la suite des activités de la journée scolaire. De même que l’accueil pour que les élèves se sentent bienvenus à l’école, les rituels pourraient favoriser la transition fluide des enfants entre le milieu familial et le milieu scolaire. En cela le chant est intéressant, car il s’agit d’une activité à pratiquer avec tous les élèves en même temps qui nécessite une certaine coordination. Cette activité peut représenter un projet commun aux élèves de la classe, dans le sens qu’ils ont besoin les uns des autres pour que cela donne un chant harmonieux. L’expérience a été menée sur un semestre dans une classe de 5P de 17 enfants à Gimel à raison de deux fois par semaine, lors de ma présence en stage, soit sur quinze semaines. Il s’agissait ainsi d’expérimenter une activité transformée en rituel lors de l’accueil des élèves le matin à l’école. Le but était d’explorer si un tel rituel pouvait influencer favorablement l’attention des élèves sur leurs tâches et sur la cohésion du groupe classe. Des tendances ont pu être dégagées avec la mise en place sur l’échantillonnage de la classe.
A Novel String Derived Z' With Stable Proton, Light-Neutrinos and R-parity violation
Creators: name: Coriano, Claudio
name: Faraggi, Alon E.
name: Guzzi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Standard Model indicates the realization of grand unified structures in nature, and can only be viewed as an effective theory below a higher energy cutoff. While the renormalizable Standard Model forbids proton decay mediating operators due to accidental global symmetries, many extensions of the Standard Model introduce such dimension four, five and six operators. Furthermore, quantum gravity effects are expected to induce proton instability, indicating that the higher energy cutoff scale must be above 10^{16}GeV. Quasi-realistic heterotic string models provide the arena to explore how perturbative quantum gravity affects the particle physics phenomenology. An appealing explanation for the proton longevity is provided by the existence of an Abelian gauge symmetry that suppresses the proton decay mediating operators. Additionally, such a low-scale U(1) symmetry should: allow the suppression of the left-handed neutrino masses by a seesaw mechanism; allow fermion Yukawa couplings to the electroweak Higgs doublets; be anomaly free; be family universal. These requirements render the existence of such U(1) symmetries in quasi-realistic heterotic string models highly non-trivial. We demonstrate the existence of a U(1) symmetry that satisfies all of the above requirements in a class of left-right symmetric heterotic string models in the free fermionic formulation. The existence of the extra Z' in the energy range accessible to future experiments is motivated by the requirement of adequate suppression of proton decay mediation. We further show that while the extra U(1) forbids dimension four baryon number violating operators it allows dimension four lepton number violating operators and R-parity violation.
description: 16 pages. Standard LaTex. minor changes
Additional file 1 of Length of hospital stay after delivery among Danish women with congenital heart disease: a register-based cohort study
Creators: name: Kirkegaard, Anne Marie
name: Breckling, Maria
name: Nielsen, Dorte Guldbrand
name: Tolstrup, Janne S.
name: Johnsen, Søren Paaske
name: Ersbøll, Annette Kjær
name: Kloster, Stine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Cardiology

description: Additional file 1 : Figure S1. Simplified Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) highlighting variables of importance in the analysis of the association between maternal congenital heart disease and length of hospital stay. Table S1. Association between congenital heart disease and length of hospital stay after delivery given by relative ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Length of hospital stay is truncated at 30 days. Table S2. Association between congenital heart disease and length of hospital stay after delivery given by relative ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Length of hospital stay is truncated at 100 days. Table S3. Association between congenital heart disease and length of hospital stay after delivery given by relative ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Length of hospital stay >50 days have been excluded. Table S4. Multilevel analysis of the association between congenital heart disease and length of hospital stay after delivery given by relative ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI).
Impact of Locally Suppressed Wave sources on helioseismic travel times
Creators: name: Hanasoge, S. M.
name: Couvidat, S.
name: Rajaguru, S. P.
name: Birch, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wave travel-time shifts in the vicinity of sunspots are typically interpreted as arising predominantly from magnetic fields, flows, and local changes in sound speed. We show here that the suppression of granulation related wave sources in a sunspot can also contribute significantly to these travel-time shifts, and in some cases, an asymmetry between in and outgoing wave travel times. The tight connection between the physical interpretation of travel times and source-distribution homogeneity is confirmed. Statistically significant travel-time shifts are recovered upon numerically simulating wave propagation in the presence of a localized decrease in source strength. We also demonstrate that these time shifts are relatively sensitive to the modal damping rates; thus we are only able to place bounds on the magnitude of this effect. We see a systematic reduction of 10-15 seconds in $p$-mode mean travel times at short distances ($\sim 6.2$ Mm) that could be misinterpreted as arising from a shallow (thickness of 1.5 Mm) increase ($\sim$ 4%) in the sound speed. At larger travel distances ($\sim 24$ Mm) a 6-13 s difference between the ingoing and outgoing wave travel times is observed; this could mistakenly be interpreted as being caused by flows.
description: Revised version. Submitted to ApJ
Neutral-current Neutrino-nucleus Scattering in Quasielastic Region
Creators: name: Kim, K. S.
name: Yu, B. G.
name: Cheoun, M. K.
name: Choi, T. K.
name: Chung, M. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutral-current neutrino-nucleus scattering is calculated through the neutrino-induced knocked-out nucleon process in the quasielastic region by using a relativistic single particle model for the bound and continuum states. The incident energy range between 500 MeV and 1.0 GeV is used for the neutrino (antineutrino) scattering on ^{12}C target nucleus. The effects of the final state interaction of the knocked-out nucleon are studied not only on the cross section but also on the asymmetry due to the difference between neutrinos and antineutrinos, within a relativistic optical potential. We also investigate the sensitivity of the strange quark contents in the nucleon on the asymmetry.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures