cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Trends und deren Einflüsse auf die Strategie von österreichischen Schlacht- & Fleischverarbeitungsbetrieben
Creators: name: Titz, Hannes
Publisher: name: FH CAMPUS 02 (CAMPUS 02 Fachhochschule der Wirtschaft)
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 658 Allgemeines Management

description: Die österreichischen Schlacht- und Fleischverarbeitungsbetriebe sind innerhalb der Lebensmittelbranche eine fixe Konstante. Dies zeigt auch der Aspekt, dass Fleisch auch zu einer der absatz- und umsatzstärksten der Warengruppen zählt. Die Coronapandemie hat einen gewissen Wandel innerhalb der Gesellschaft herbeigeführt. Daher erlebt die Branche eine starke Veränderung und gerät aufgrund neuer Trends und Kundenanforderungen unter Druck. Werden die aktuellen Veränderungen herangezogen, so stellt sich die Frage, welche Chancen und Risiken diese Trends für die heimischen Unternehmen mit sich bringen und welche Auswirkungen diese auf die strategische Ausrichtung der Unternehmen hat. Das Ziel der vorliegenden wissenschaftlichen Arbeit ist, dass Erkenntnisse hinsichtlich dieser Trends gewonnen werden können. In weiterer Folge sollen die Chancen und Risiken, welche aus diesen Trends entstehen, näher erläutert werden und wie diese die Strategie der österreichischen Schlacht- und Fleischverarbeitungsbetriebe beeinflussen können. Die Erkenntnisse der Literatur zeigen, dass sich ein Wandel in der Ernährung innerhalb der Gesellschaft breit macht. KonsumentInnen hinterfragen kritischer und dahingehend werden Forderungen in puncto Umweltschutz, Tierwohl und einer allgemeinen gesünderen Lebensweise stärker. So spiegeln diese Forderungen zum einen den Trend der Nachhaltigkeit wider. Als weiteren Trend gilt der Trend Tierwohl, welcher nicht mehr von der Hand zu weisen ist. Aufgrund dessen, dass VerbraucherInnen dem Fleischkonsum allgemein kritisch gegenüberstehen, gewinnt der Trend des Veganismus mehr an Bedeutung. Trotzdem wird sich nicht die gesamte Gesellschaft vegan oder mit Fleisch ernähren können. Diesbezüglich werden alternative Proteinquellen in der Zukunft eine wesentliche Rolle einnehmen. Die befragten ExpertInnen beschreiben die Entwicklungen so, dass diese zum Teil mehr als überlebensnotwendig für die Unternehmen sind, jedoch auch zum anderen Bedrohungen für die Unternehmen mitbringen können. In dieser Hinsicht zeigt sich zum Beispiel, dass nachhaltig agierende Unternehmen durch den Ausstieg aus fossilen Energieträgern enorm Kosten sparen konnten. Hinsichtlich der anderen Trends gilt es für die österreichischen Schlacht- und Fleischverarbeitungsbetriebe diese zu validieren, um entsprechend Vorteile zu nutzen bzw. um Risiken abzuwenden.
Tailoring the topological surface state in ultrathin $α$-Sn (111) films
Creators: name: Rogalev, Victor A.
name: Reis, Felix
name: Adler, Florian
name: Bauernfeind, Maximilian
name: Erhardt, Jonas
name: Kowalewski, André
name: Scholz, Markus R.
name: Dudy, Lenart
name: Duffy, Liam B.
name: Hesjedal, Thorsten
name: Hoesch, Moritz
name: Bihlmayer, Gustav
name: Schäfer, Jörg
name: Claessen, Ralph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the electronic structure of $α$-Sn films in the very low thickness regime grown on InSb(111)A. High-resolution low photon energies angle-resolved photoemission (ARPES) allows for the direct observation of the linearly dispersing 2D topological surface states (TSSs) that exist between the second valence band and the conduction band. The Dirac point of this TSS was found to be 200meV below the Fermi level in 10-nm-thick $α$-Sn films, which enables the observation of the hybridization gap opening at the Dirac point of the TSS for thinner films. The crossover to a quasi-2D electronic structure is accompanied by a full gap opening at the Brillouin zone center, in agreement with our density functional theory calculations. We further identify the thickness regime of $α$-Sn films where the hybridization gap in TSS coexists with the topologically non-trivial electronic structure and one can expect the presence of a 1D helical edge states.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Enhanced tunneling across nanometer-scale metal-semiconductor interfaces
Creators: name: Smit, G. D. J.
name: Rogge, S.
name: Klapwijk, T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured electrical transport across epitaxial, nanometer-sized metal-semiconductor interfaces by contacting CoSi2-islands grown on Si(111) with an STM-tip. The conductance per unit area was found to increase with decreasing diode area. Indeed, the zero-bias conductance was found to be about 10^4 times larger than expected from downscaling a conventional diode. These observations are explained by a model, which predicts a narrower barrier for small diodes and therefore a greatly increased contribution of tunneling to the electrical transport.
description: 3 pages, 2 EPS-figures; accepted for publication in Appl. Phys. Lett
Simulational studies of axial granular segregation in a rotating cylinder
Creators: name: Rapaport, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discrete particle simulation methods have been used to study axial segregation in a horizontal rotating cylinder that is partially filled with a mixture of two different kinds of granular particles. Under suitable conditions segregation was found to occur, with the particles separating into a series of bands perpendicular to the axis. In certain cases the band structure exhibited time-dependent behavior, including band formation, merging and motion along the axis, all corresponding to phenomena that arise experimentally. In order to examine how the many parameters specifying the problem affect the segregation process, simulation runs were carried out using a variety of parameter settings, including combinations of friction coefficients not realizable experimentally. Both segregation and desegregation (mixing) were investigated, and cylinders with both explicit end caps and periodic ends were used to help isolate the causes of segregation.
description: 12 pages, 17 figures (low resolution figs to save space)
Fungiacyathus (Fungiacyathus) stephanus
Creators: name: Cairns, S. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Scleractinia
Fungiacyathidae
Fungiacyathus
Fungiacyathus stephanus

description: Fungiacyathus (F.) stephanus (Alcock, 1893)
 Bathyactis stephanus Alcock, 1893: 149, pl. 5, figs. 12, 12a.
 Fungiacyathus stephanus.– Cairns, 1989a: 7–9, pl. 1a–k, 2a,b (description, synonymy); 1995: 31–31, pl. 1, figs. a–c (NZ).– Cairns & Zibrowius, 1997: 68–69 (NT).– Cairns, 1998: 369 (WA); 1999a: 54–56 (synonymy, tabular comparison).
 New records. NEW SOUTH WALES: Kapala 75/5/5, 1, AM G16414; Kapala 78/27/5, 1, AM G16384; NZOI U219, 1, AM G16556; NZOI U222, 1, AM G16610. — WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Bhagwan 4, 1, WAM Z13056; Lady Basten 1031403, 1, WAM Z16002.
 Types. The holotype is presumed to be deposited at the Calcutta Museum, India (Cairns, 1989a), although it has not been examined by the author. Type Locality: 15°43'30"N 81°19'30"E (off Kistna Delta, Bay of Bengal), 1240 m.
description: Published as part of Cairns, S. D., 2004, The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia, pp. 259-329 in Records of the Australian Museum 56 on page 271
Student Response to the Integration of Online Education in High School Physics Classrooms: A Case Study
Creators: name: Clark, Samantha
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: online learning
online education
physics
hybrid learning
COVID-19
blended learning

description: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, high school classrooms in the province of Quebec had to switch to a half-in-person and half-online attendance, reducing in-person class sizes to follow the physical distancing requirements. With very few studies examining this education model, this study aims to investigate the teacher and student response, as well as observe its impact on student engagement within the high school physics classroom. Ten students in the same Grade 11 physics classroom participated in this case study. Two surveys, completed at the beginning and end of the 2020 fall semester, respectively, were used to evaluate the progression of the student’s physics interest, study habits, preferred learning methods and engagement in online and in-person settings over the course of the semester. Additionally, the instructor and five students volunteered to be interviewed. These interviews provided a deeper understanding of the survey data, as well as insight on the student’s emotional response to their new classroom setting. Results indicated that while the majority of the participants preferred to attend classes in-person, the half/half model was highly ranked, as a significant portion of the students mentioned its advantages. Technical difficulties, isolation and the increased workload were the main reasons for the lower motivation to attend school online. However, most students enjoyed the increased efficiency, schedule flexibility, comfort, and the ability to simultaneously cooperate with peers during teacher-led lectures when attending classes online. The students’ motivation to take the course, and their overall satisfaction and criticism of the course was found to be independent of the classroom setting and of the students’ main learning type – be it visual, auditory or kinetic.
Additional file 2 of Genome-wide association study identifies SNPs for growth performance and serum indicators in Valgus-varus deformity broilers (Gallus gallus) using ddGBS sequencing
Creators: name: Guo, Yaping
name: Huang, Hetian
name: Zhang, Zhenzhen
name: Ma, Yanchao
name: Li, Jianzeng
name: Tang, Hehe
name: Ma, Haoxiang
name: Li, Zhuanjian
name: Li, Wenting
name: Liu, Xiaojun
name: Kang, Xiangtao
name: Han, Ruili
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Distribution of SNPs on each chromosome. Figure S2. Distribution of SNPs on chromosome position. Figure S3. Population structure evaluated by the first two principal components. Figure S4. Manhattan and quantile-quantile (QQ) plot on Serum TG, T-CHO, LDL-C and P. Figure S5. Manhattan and quantile-quantile (QQ) plot on body weight and shank girth.
Formation of the Hayward black hole from a collapsing shell
Creators: name: Um, Hwajin
name: Kim, Wontae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a collapsing shell of matter to form the Hayward black hole and investigate semiclassically quantum radiation from the shell. Using the Israel's formulation, we obtain the mass relation between the collapsing shell and the Hayward black hole. By using the functional Schrödinger formulation for the massless quantum radiation, the evolution of a vacuum state for a scalar field is shown to be unitary. We find that the number of quanta at a low frequency decreases for a large length parameter characterizing the Hayward black hole. Moreover, in the limit of low frequency, the Hawking temperature can be read off from the occupation number of excited states when the shell approaches its own horizon.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, published version in Phys. Rev. D
Letepsammia superstes
Creators: name: Cairns, S. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Scleractinia
Micrabaciidae
Letepsammia
Letepsammia superstes

description: Letepsammia superstes (Ortmann, 1888)
 Stephanophyllia superstes Ortmann, 1888: 160–161, pl. 6, fig. 5.
 Letepsammia superstes.– Cairns, 1995: 34–35, pl. 2, figs. f–i (synonymy, description, NZ).–Cairns & Zibrowius, 1997: 75 (remarks).
 New record. QUEENSLAND: Franklin 3/99/D14, 2, USNM 1008202.
 Types. The holotype is at the Strasbourg Zoological Museum (Cairns, 1995). Type Locality: Sagami Bay, depth unknown.
description: Published as part of Cairns, S. D., 2004, The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia, pp. 259-329 in Records of the Australian Museum 56 on page 271
VERITAS Observations of 1ES 1218+304 during the 2019 VHE High State
Creators: name: O'Brien, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 1ES 1218+304 is a moderate-redshift (z = 0.182) high-frequency-peaked BL Lac object (HBL). Detected by both the MAGIC and VERITAS gamma-ray observatories, 1ES 1218+304 is frequently monitored by VERITAS as part of its long-term blazar monitoring program. On the 3rd of January 2019, during a regularly scheduled blazar snapshot, VERITAS observed 1ES 1218+304 to have an elevated VHE flux state which continued through January 5 (ATEL #12360). In addition to VERITAS observations, MAGIC also detected elevated VHE emission (ATEL #12354) and Swift-BAT/XRT and Tuorla observations, in X-ray and optical respectively, showed increased multiwavelength activity at the time of the VERITAS observations. In this work, VERITAS observations of 1ES 1218+304 taken as part of a target of opportunity campaign during this elevated state, are presented.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of the 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference
DICESC: Optimal Policy in a Stochastic Control Framework
Creators: name: Chang, Charles W.
name: Chang, Charles W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Climate Change
subject: Catastrophes
subject: Integrated Assessment Models
subject: Stochastic Control

description: The effects of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emission to climate change are uncertain; how does this uncertainty affect the optimal carbon abatement policy? Tackling this classic problem is challenging; not only does it require integrated assessment analyses that consolidate an adequate representation of both climate and economy, but also a sensible understanding of hedging incentives and decision making under uncertainty. In the Integrated Assessment Model (IAM) community, this representation is severely restricted by computational burdens and model intractability (Webster, Santen, and Parpas, 2012). I provide a minimal framework that relies on the transparency of mathematical programming, to assess precautionary mitigation as a means to hedge against the risk and uncertainty of climate catastrophes. The scope of the paper encompasses the following: assessment of optimal abatement under parameter uncertainty and endogenous learning; decomposition of optimal abatement with respect to mitigatory incentives; assessment of policy sensitivity to assumed distributions of uncertain temperature thresholds. I introduce DICESC, a multistage stochastic control version of Nordhaus’ DICE model to demonstrate that policy optimization in which the hazard rates of climate catastrophes can be controlled significantly increases incentives for precautionary abatement. Despite the drastic level increase in precautionary abatement the proposed formulation achieves, I stress the importance of understanding the distributive properties of uncertainty for the robust assessment of optimal policy.
Astrangia woodsi Wells 1955
Creators: name: Cairns, S. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Scleractinia
Rhizangiidae
Astrangia
Astrangia woodsi

description: Astrangia woodsi Wells, 1955
 Astrangia woodsi Wells, 1955: 15, pl. 2, fig. 4, pl. 3, figs. 1–2 (Qld).–Stephenson & Wells, 1956: 55 (listed).– Wells, 1964: 109 (listed).– Not Shepherd & Veron, 1982: 176, fig. 5.54c (= A. atrata).– Not Veron, 1986: 601, 2 figs. (= A. atrata).– Veron, 2000: II, 318, fig. 4 (NSW).
 New record. QUEENSLAND: 5 miles (= 8 km) west of Tangalooma, Moreton Bay, 18 m, 1 colony, USNM 78557.
 Types. Two paratypes are QMB G3018 and G3019. The holotype is identified in Wells’ (1955) figure caption to pl. 3, figs. 1–2, although this specimen could not be located at QMB in 1988. Type Locality: Pumice Stone Passage, Bribie Island, Moreton Bay, shallow water and Pleistocene of Mud Island, Moreton Bay.
description: Published as part of Cairns, S. D., 2004, The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia, pp. 259-329 in Records of the Australian Museum 56 on page 273
Spatial modelling of cumulative human pressure in the tropical coastscape of Zanzibar, Tanzania
Creators: name: ZA Khamis
name: R Kalliola
name: N Käyhkö
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy

description: Coastal landscapes and seascapes (‘coastscapes’) are under immense anthropogenic pressures emanating from multiple human activities. We applied spatial modelling to characterise the cumulative pressures in the coastscape of Zanzibar’s main island Unguja (hereafter Zanzibar), in the western Indian Ocean. We modified the European Union’s list of the human pressures in this context, conjointly covering Zanzibar’s marine and terrestrial environments. We applied a widely accepted algorithm for modelling cumulative human pressure. Spatial data were gathered from various sources and, where primary data were absent, model results were used as proxies. We used a hexagon lattice with a resolution of 0.5 km2 to map the anthropogenic pressures within the coastscape. Five typologies of coastscape were identified. A total of 283.55 km (68.86%) of the island’s coastscape is under moderate to high anthropogenic pressure, while the remaining 128.06 km (31.14%) is under low to moderate pressure. Cumulative human pressures are highest in the urbanised coastal areas, especially Zanzibar City, and in the growth zones. Principal components analysis was used to further explore the coexistence of separate human pressures and their contributions to the cumulative human pressure. Predominant pressures within the coastscape were litter, noise, the introduction of synthetic compounds, and inputs of organic matter. We recommend the use of these results for coastal-zone management in Zanzibar and for prioritisation of the management efforts.
Exchange Based Noise Spectroscopy of a Single Precessing Spin with STM
Creators: name: Balatsky, A. V.
name: Manassen, Yishay
name: Salem, Ran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ESR-STM is an emerging technique which is capable of detecting the precession of a single spin. We discuss the mechanism of ESR-STM based on a direct exchange coupling between the tunneling electrons and the local precessing spin S. We claim that since the number of tunneling electrons in a single precessing period is small (~20) one may expect a net temporary polarization within this period that will couple via exchange interaction to the localized spin. This coupling will randomly modulate the tunneling barrier and create a dispersion in the tunneling current which is a product of a Larmor frequency component due to the precession of the single spin and the dispersion of the spin of the tunneling electrons. This noise component is spread over the whole frequency range for random white noise spin polarization of electrons. In opposite case the power spectrum of the spins of the tunneling electrons has a peak at zero frequency an elevated noise in the current at omega_L will appear. We discuss the possible source of this spin polarization. We find that for relevant values of parameters signal to noise ratio in the spectral characteristic is 2-4 and is comparable to the reported signal to noise ratio. The magnitude of the current fluctuation is a relatively weak increaing function of the DC current and the magnetic field. The linewidth produced by the back action effect of tunneling electrons on the precessing spin is also discussed.
description: Added discussion on spin polarization of tunneling electrons and the role of paramagnetic centers on the tip. To be published; 5 pages latex file, 1 ps figure file
The purse-seine fishery for small pelagic fishes off the Madeira Archipelago
Creators: name: R Tejerina
name: M Hermida
name: G Faria
name: J Delgado
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Small pelagic fishes constitute a valuable food resource for human consumption and are also important components of marine food webs. At Madeira, a Portuguese archipelago in the eastern Atlantic, they are the target of a year-round purse-seine fishery operating mainly off the south coast of Madeira Island. Landings of this fishery are mostly composed of blue jack mackerel Trachurus picturatus, Atlantic chub mackerel Scomber colias, and small amounts of sardine Sardina pilchardus. A fisheries observation programme was carried out, from October 2016 to December 2017, to quantify discards and slipping. Large differences were detected in the proportion of each species present in the landings and in the gross catches. Large amounts of the caught S. pilchardus (76.6%), S. colias (42.6%) and even T. picturatus (14.2%) were either discarded dead or slipped. Reasons for discarding included small sizes and a low market value obtained in the first sale of these species. The fishing pattern in this region is in striking contrast with that for mainland Portugal, where S. pilchardus is the most valuable small pelagic species, fetching a high market price. The results of this study suggest a need for the introduction of specific measures to promote more effective utilisation of the resources.
Additional file 3 of Serial measurement of pancreatic stone protein for the early detection of sepsis in intensive care unit patients: a prospective multicentric study
Creators: name: Pugin, Jérôme
name: Daix, Thomas
name: Pagani, Jean-Luc
name: Morri, Davide
name: Giacomucci, Angelo
name: Pierre-François Dequin
name: Guitton, Christophe
name: Yok-Ai Que
name: Zani, Gianluca
name: Brealey, David
name: Lepape, Alain
name: Creagh-Brown, Ben
name: Wyncoll, Duncan
name: Silengo, Daniela
name: Irincheeva, Irina
name: Girard, Laurie
name: Rebeaud, Fabien
name: Maerki, Iwan
name: Eggimann, Philippe
name: François, Bruno
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 3: Figure 2. ROC curves for the diagnosis of sepsis at the time sepsis was clinically diagnosed by the EAC.
Maximum likelihood spectral fitting and its application to EBL constraints
Creators: name: O'Brien, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extragalactic background light (EBL) is the second-most-intense form of cosmic background light (the first being the cosmic microwave background) and contains the redshifted optical radiation, from infra-red to ultraviolet, emitted across all epochs, making it of great cosmological interest. While direct measurements of the EBL are hampered by foreground contamination, observations of VHE emission from distant sources can be used to obtain indirect measurements of the EBL. In this work a maximum-likelihood fit is applied to the energy spectra of blazars observed by VERITAS, an array of ground-based imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes sensitive to very-high-energy (VHE; E>100 GeV) gamma rays. Using theoretical models of the EBL shape and intensity, the EBL normalization is treated as a free parameter, allowing for model-dependent constraints to be obtained. Details of this maximum-likelihood analysis and preliminary model-dependent constraints on the EBL, are presented.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of the 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference
Additional file 1 of CT-based radiomics nomograms for preoperative prediction of diffuse-type and signet ring cell gastric cancer: a multicenter development and validation cohort
Creators: name: Chen, Tao
name: Wu, Jing
name: Cui, Chunhui
name: He, Qinglie
name: Li, Xunjun
name: Liang, Weiqi
name: Liu, Xiaoyue
name: Liu, Tianbao
name: Zhou, Xuanhui
name: Zhang, Xifan
name: Lei, Xiaotian
name: Xiong, Wei
name: Yu, Jiang
name: Li, Guoxin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biophysics
Medicine
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Measuring the Oblateness and Rotation of Transiting Extrasolar Giant Planets
Creators: name: Barnes, Jason W.
name: Fortney, Jonathan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the prospects for characterizing extrasolar giant planets by measuring planetary oblateness from transit photometry and inferring planetary rotational periods. The rotation rates of planets in the solar system vary widely, reflecting the planets' diverse formational and evolutionary histories. A measured oblateness, assumed composition, and equation of state yields a rotation rate from the Darwin-Radau relation. The lightcurve of a transiting oblate planet should differ significantly from that of a spherical one with the same cross-sectional area under identical stellar and orbital conditions. However, if the stellar and orbital parameters are not known a priori, fitting for them allows changes in the stellar radius, planetary radius, impact parameter, and stellar limb darkening parameters to mimic the transit signature of an oblate planet, diminishing the oblateness signature. Thus even if HD209458b had an oblateness of 0.1 instead of our predicted 0.003, it would introduce a detectable departure from a model spherical lightcurve at the level of only one part in 10^5. Planets with nonzero obliquity break this degeneracy because their ingress lightcurve is asymmetric relative to that from egress, and their best-case detectability is of order 10^{-4}. However, the measured rotation rate for these objects is non-unique due to degeneracy between obliquity and oblateness and the unknown component of obliquity along the line of sight. Detectability of oblateness is maximized for planets transiting near an impact parameter of 0.7 regardless of obliquity. Future measurements of oblateness will be challenging because the signal is near the photometric limits of current hardware and inherent stellar noise levels.
description: 13 pages -- accepted to the Astrophysical Journal
Issues in estimating economic effects of a disease outbreak in poultry: The case of Newcastle disease
Creators: name: Hafi, Ahmed
name: Reynolds, Russ
name: Rose, Roger
name: Hafi, Ahmed
name: Reynolds, Russ
name: Rose, Roger
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Health Economics and Policy
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Three issues in estimating producer losses from an outbreak of Newcastle disease in the poultry industry are discussed in this paper. First, annual producer losses from the short to intermediate run are estimated. Second, producer losses are estimated taking account of the substitution effects on other meat markets. Third, an annual aggregate model is used to estimate producer losses occurring during a part of a year in a part of the industry. The elasticity version of EMABA was used in estimating producer losses.
Additional file 1 of The cross-sectional average length of healthy life (HCAL): a measure that summarizes the history of cohort health and mortality
Creators: name: Sauerberg, Markus
name: Guillot, Michel
name: Luy, Marc
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. R code example for estimating HE and HCAL.
Estimating random effects production function models with selectivity bias: an application to Swedish crop producers
Creators: name: Heshmati, Almas
name: Heshmati, Almas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Production Economics

description: In this paper, the estimation of production functions and measurement of the rate of technical change is performed when selectivity bias is expected, A sample selection model consisting of a selection and a regression equation is estimated using Heckman's two-stage method. It is discussed in the context of a production function where the underlying technology is represented by a translog functional form. For the regression, a random effects model with heteroscedastic variances is assumed. This model and an alternative conventional model retaining heteroscedasticity without considering selectivity bias are estimated using the Generalized Least Squares method. The data used are a large rotating panel data set from Swedish crop producers over the period 1976-1988. The empirical results from the comparison between these two models show that the introduction of heteroscedasticity and the integration of sample selection in the production relationship is important. The impact of a correction for selectivity bias on the results, in terms of input elasticities and returns to scale is found to be significant.
Re-membering Heritage Science. Who might be future role players?
Creators: name: Heritage, Alison
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: These slides were presented at the HS Academy workshop titled "Working Group on Research Infrastructures and Heritage Science Career Paths," organized jointly by the IPERION HS and E-RIHS projects. The presentation was held in Bologna on January 25, 2024.
Cyathelia axillaris
Creators: name: Cairns, S. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Scleractinia
Oculinidae
Cyathelia
Cyathelia axillaris

description: Cyathelia axillaris (Ellis & Solander, 1786)
 Madrepora axillaris Ellis & Solander, 1786: 153, pl. 13, fig. 5.
 Cyathelia axillaris.– Cairns, 1994: 43–44, pl. 18, figs. a–c (description, synonymy).–Cairns & Zibrowius, 1997: 84 (remarks, synonymy).– Veron, 1986: 599, fig. 2 (WA).– Cairns, 1998: 374 (WA).– Veron, 2000: II, 96 (colour fig. 2), 97 (fig. 5) (WA).
 New records. None.
 Types. Not traced. Type Locality: eastern Indian Ocean, depth unknown.
description: Published as part of Cairns, S. D., 2004, The Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia, pp. 259-329 in Records of the Australian Museum 56 on page 274
An integrodifference model for vegetation patterns in semi-arid environments with seasonality
Creators: name: Eigentler, Lukas
name: Sherratt, Jonathan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vegetation patterns are a characteristic feature of semi-deserts occurring on all continents except Antarctica. In some semi-arid regions, the climate is characterised by seasonality, which yields a synchronisation of seed dispersal with the dry season or the beginning of the wet season. We reformulate the Klausmeier model, a reaction-advection-diffusion system that describes the plant-water dynamics in semi-arid environments, as an integrodifference model to account for the temporal separation of plant growth processes during the wet season and seed dispersal processes during the dry season. The model further accounts for nonlocal processes involved in the dispersal of seeds. Our analysis focusses on the onset of spatial patterns. The Klausmeier partial differential equations (PDE) model is linked to the integrodifference model in an appropriate limit, which yields a control parameter for the temporal separation of seed dispersal events. We find that the conditions for pattern onset in the integrodifference model are equivalent to those for the continuous PDE model and hence independent of the time between seed dispersal events. We thus conclude that in the context of seed dispersal, a PDE model provides a sufficiently accurate description, even if the environment is seasonal. This emphasises the validity of results that have previously been obtained for the PDE model. Further, we numerically investigate the effects of changes to seed dispersal behaviour on the onset of patterns. We find that long-range seed dispersal inhibits the formation of spatial patterns and that the seed dispersal kernel's decay at infinity is a significant regulator of patterning.
Shearing a Glassy Material: Numerical Tests of Nonequilibrium Mode-Coupling Approaches and Experimental Proposals
Creators: name: Berthier, Ludovic
name: Barrat, Jean-Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The predictions of a nonequilibrium schematic mode-coupling theory developed to describe the nonlinear rheology of soft glassy materials have been numerically challenged in a sheared binary Lennard-Jones mixture. The theory gives an excellent description of the stress/temperature `jamming phase diagram' of the system. In the present paper, we focus on the issue of an effective temperature Teff for the slow modes of the fluid, as defined from a generalized fluctuation-dissipation theorem. As predicted theoretically, many different observables are found to lead to the same value of Teff, suggesting several experimental procedures to measure Teff. New, simple experimental protocols to access Teff from a generalized equipartition theorem are also proposed, and one such experiment is numerically performed. These results give strong support to the thermodynamic interpretation of Teff and make it experimentally accessible in a very direct way.
description: Version accepted for publication - Physical Review Letters
Analytical classical density functionals from an equation learning network
Creators: name: Lin, Shang-Chun
name: Martius, Georg
name: Oettel, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We explore the feasibility of using machine learning methods to obtain an analytic form of the classical free energy functional for two model fluids, hard rods and Lennard--Jones, in one dimension . The Equation Learning Network proposed in Ref. 1 is suitably modified to construct free energy densities which are functions of a set of weighted densities and which are built from a small number of basis functions with flexible combination rules. This setup considerably enlarges the functional space used in the machine learning optimization as compared to previous work 2 where the functional is limited to a simple polynomial form. As a result, we find a good approximation for the exact hard rod functional and its direct correlation function. For the Lennard--Jones fluid, we let the network learn (i) the full excess free energy functional and (ii) the excess free energy functional related to interparticle attractions. Both functionals show a good agreement with simulated density profiles for thermodynamic parameters inside and outside the training region.
description: Update figures and SI. Some explanations and clarifications are added
Measurement of cost inefficiency with safety first measure of risk
Creators: name: Parikh, Ashok
name: Shah, Mir Kalan
name: Parikh, Ashok
name: Shah, Mir Kalan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Production Economics
Risk and Uncertainty

description: The objectives of this paper are to incorporate a measure of risk aversion in the translog frontier cost function to estimate cost inefficiency. Risk-averse behaviour of farmers is hypothesised to reduce efficiency by leading to a situation in which the marginal value product of an input is less than price. In developing agriculture, farmers are aware of their subsistence needs and seek to minimize the probability of their incomes falling below a disaster level of income. Using such a safety first principle, a measure of risk-taking is developed and explained by socio-economic characteristics. This measure is used in the translog cost function as a fixed input and, using the frontier approach (with half normal distribution of inefficiency disturbance), a measure of cost inefficiency is obtained. This is related to socio-economic characteristics such as education, assets and holding size. A survey data of 436 farmers for the North-West Frontier Province of Pakistan is used to reach policy conclusions for reducing cost inefficiency.
Additional file 1 of Acceptance and commitment therapy for fatigue interference in advanced gastrointestinal cancer and caregiver burden: protocol of a pilot randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Mosher, Catherine E.
name: Secinti, Ekin
name: Kroenke, Kurt
name: Helft, Paul R.
name: Turk, Anita A.
name: Loehrer, Patrick J.
name: Amikar Sehdev
name: Al-Hader, Ahmad A.
name: Champion, Victoria L.
name: Johns, Shelley A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1:. SPIRIT checklist
Determinants of agriculture's relative decline: Thailand
Creators: name: Martin, Will J.
name: Warr, Peter G.
name: Martin, Will J.
name: Warr, Peter G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Production Economics

description: During economic development, agriculture declines as a proportion of aggregate national output. A number of theoretical explanations for this phenomenon have been advanced in the economic literature, but their relative historical significance has not been clear. This paper develops an econometric methodology to analyze this issue and applies it to time series data for Thailand. The study investigates the importance of relative commodity prices, factor endowments and technical progress as explanations for changing sectoral GDP shares of agriculture, manufacturing and services. It is concluded that the movement in Thailand's aggregate factor endowment relative to labor was the most important determinant of agriculture's relative decline.
Evaluation of external market effects and government intervention in Malaysia's agricultural sector: A computable general equilibrium framework
Creators: name: Yeah, Kim Leng
name: Yanagida, John F.
name: Yamauchi, Hiroshi
name: Yeah, Kim Leng
name: Yanagida, John F.
name: Yamauchi, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Political Economy
Production Economics

description: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of changes in the external trade environment and domestic economic policies on the agricultural development of Malaysia. The scope of this research also includes providing further insights into the strengths and weaknesses of the computable general equilibrium (CGE) methodology for agricultural policy analysis. The first analysis focuses on the export agriculture sector which encompasses Malaysia's two primary agricultural commodities, rubber and palm oil. Heavily dependent on exports of rubber in the 1950s and 1960s, Malaysia has since built a more diversified economy with strong emphasis on manufacturing. Export agriculture, however, is still an important component of the national economy. The second objective examines the influence of domestic policy on agricultural development. The simulation results demonstrate the growing resiliency of the Malaysian economy to external shocks. Also, they point to the domestic economy's ability to buffer internal policy-induced distortions.
On-site economic evaluation of soil conservation practices in Honduras
Creators: name: Carcamo, Julio A.
name: Alwang, Jeffrey Roger
name: Norton, George W.
name: Carcamo, Julio A.
name: Alwang, Jeffrey Roger
name: Norton, George W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Production Economics

description: Factors affecting the cost to the farmer of employing soil erosion reduction strategies are examined for the steep hillsides near Tegucigalpa, Honduras. Linear programming and MOT AD are used to examine these factors. Results indicate that some modest reductions in erosion can be achieved at little cost to the farmer by reorganizing production, switching .rotations, and using contour plowing. These modest reductions still lead to extremely high rates of erosion. Sharper reductions may be achieved at progressively higher costs as erosion control structures are constructed and acreage is left fallow. There is a high cost to the farmer of reducing erosion to 'sustainable' levels. A consistent tradeoff emerges between levels of soil conservation, income, and risk; erosion reduction efforts lead to lower incomes and higher risk. The analysis of likely benefits to farmers for erosion reduction shows that even under assumptions of very high yield losses from soil erosion, optimal farm plans still lead to high rates of soil loss, implying a need for policies that internalize externalities if off-farm damages are to be minimized.
Additional file 2 of Musculoskeletal impairment among Syrian refugees living in Sultanbeyli, Turkey: prevalence, cause, diagnosis and need for related services and assistive products
Creators: name: Boggs, Dorothy
name: Oluwarantimi Atijosan-Ayodele
name: Hisem Yonso
name: Scherer, Nathaniel
name: O’Fallon, Timothy
name: Deniz, Gülten
name: Volkan, Selin
name: Örücü, Ahmed
name: Pivato, Isotta
name: Beck, Ammar Hasan
name: İbrahim Akıncı
name: Kuper, Hannah
name: Foster, Allen
name: Patterson, Andrea
name: Polack, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Tailoring Metal Insulator Transitions $\&$ Band Topology via Off-resonant Periodic Drive in an Interacting Triangular Lattice
Creators: name: Jana, Sayan
name: Mohan, Priyanka
name: Saha, Arijit
name: Mukherjee, Anamitra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A triangular lattice with onsite Coulomb interaction $U$ present only on one sub-lattice, is periodically driven by electromagnetic field with a frequency $Ω\gg (t,~U)$ at half filling. In this high frequency limit, the electromagnetic vector potential, with an amplitude $A$, modifies the bare hopping and generates new next nearest neighbour hopping parameters. For $U=0$, the driving acts like an emergent intrinsic spin-orbit coupling term and stabilises three dispersive bands with the lower and upper bands having non zero Chern numbers. Within a slave rotor mean field theory, we show that while $U$ freezes out charge fluctuations on the interacting sub-lattice, it does not open up a charge gap without the external drive. In presence of the drive, and small $U$, the system exhibits repeated metal insulator transitions as a function of the amplitude $A$. For large $U$, we establish that the freezing of charge fluctuations on the interacting sub-lattice stabilizes an emergent, low energy \textit{half filled non-interacting Kane-Mele model}, whose band gaps can be tuned by varying $A$. In this limit, we show that the external drive provides an handle to engineer periodic band inversions at specific values of $A$ accompanied by topological phase transitions that are characterised by swapping of band Chern numbers.
description: This is the published version
Segregation in hard spheres mixtures under gravity. An extension of Edwards approach with two thermodynamical parameters
Creators: name: Nicodemi, Mario
name: Fierro, Annalisa
name: Coniglio, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study segregation patterns in a hard sphere binary model under gravity subject to sequences of taps. We discuss the appearance of the ``Brazil nut'' effect (where large particles move up) and the ``reverse Brazil nut'' effects in the stationary states reached by ``tap'' dynamics. In particular, we show that the stationary state depends only on two thermodynamical quantities: the gravitational energy of the first and of the second species and not on the sample history. To describe the properties of the system, we generalize Edwards' approach by introducing a canonical distribution characterized by two configurational temperatures, conjugate to the energies of the two species. This is supported by Monte Carlo calculations showing that the average of several quantities over the tap dynamics and over such distribution coincide. The segregation problem can then be understood as an equilibrium statistical mechanics problem with two control parameters.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Constraints on Skyrme Equations of State from Doubly Magic Nuclei, Ab-Initio Calculations of Low-Density Neutron Matter, and Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Tsang, C. Y.
name: Brown, B. A.
name: Fattoyev, F. J.
name: Lynch, W. G.
name: Tsang, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use properties of doubly-magic nuclei, ab-initio calculations of low-density neutron matter, and of neutron stars to constrain the parameters of the Skyrme energy-density functional. We find all of these properties can be reproduced within a constrained family of Skyrme parameters. The maximum mass of a neutron star is found to be sensitive to the neutron effective mass. A value of [$ m^{*}_{\rm n}/m](ρ_0) = 0.60-0.65 $ is required to obtain a maximum neutron star mass of 2.1 solar masses. Using the constrained Skyrme functional with the aforementioned effective mass, the predicted radius for a neutron star of 1.4 solar masses is 12.4(1) km and $Λ$ = 423(40).