cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Aspects of N=4 SYM
Creators: name: Heslop, P. J.
name: Howe, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of gauge-invariant composite operators and their correlation functions in N=4 SYM are discussed in the analytic superspace formalism. A complete classification of the different types of operators in the theory is given. Operators can be either protected or unprotected according to whether they do not or do have anomalous dimensions, and the analytic superspace formalism allows one to identify which type a given operator is in a straightforward manner. A simple discussion is given of the behaviour of reducible multiplets at threshold. It is pointed out that there is a class of ``semi-protected'' operators which do not have anomalous dimensions but which do not necessarily have non-renormalised three-point functions when the other two operators in the correlator are protected, although two-point functions of such operators are non-renormalised. A complete discussion of superconformal invariants in analytic superspace is given. The paper includes a modified discussion of the transformation rules of analytic superfields which clarifies the $U(1)_Y$ properties of operators and correlation functions and, in particular, explicit examples are given of three-point correlation functions which violate this symmetry. A tensor, $\cE$, invariant under $SL(n|m)$ but not under $GL(n|m)$, is introduced and used in the discussion of $U(1)_Y$ and in the construction of invariants.
description: 49 pages. Added reference and acknowledgements
Quantum simulations of a qubit of space
Creators: name: Czelusta, Grzegorz
name: Mielczarek, Jakub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In loop quantum gravity approach to Planck scale physics, quantum geometry is represented by superposition of the so-called spin network states. In the recent literature, a class of spin networks promising from the perspective of quantum simulations of quantum gravitational systems has been studied. In this case, the spin network states are represented by graphs with four-valent nodes, and two dimensional intertwiner Hilbert spaces (qubits of space) attached to them. In this article, construction of quantum circuits for a general intertwiner qubit is presented. The obtained circuits are simulated on 5-qubit (Yorktown) and 15-qubit (Melbourne) IBM superconducting quantum computers, giving satisfactory fidelities. The circuits provide building blocks for quantum simulations of complex spin networks in the future. Furthermore, a class of maximally entangled states of spin networks is introduced. As an example of application, attempts to determine transition amplitudes for a monopole and a dipole spin networks with the use of superconducting quantum processor are made.
description: 17 pages. Matches the version published in PRD
Quasiparticle scattering rate in overdoped superconducting cuprates
Creators: name: Kastrinakis, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the quasiparticle scattering rate in the superconducting state of the overdoped cuprates, in the context of the Eliashberg formalism for a Fermi liquid with strong van Hove singularities close to the chemical potential. For a $d_{x^2-y^2}$ superconducting gap, we demonstrate analytically that the scattering rate is linear in the maximum of temperature or energy, but with different intercepts and momentum dependence. We discuss our results in view of angle-resolved photoemission experiments. We also discuss the case of a s-wave gap.
description: 5 pages, published version
Random Weather Shocks and Biased Estimates of Excess Demand
Creators: name: Labson, B. Stephen
name: Labson, B. Stephen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: In an excess demand system where random weather shocks enter multiplicatively rather than additively, estimates of the underlying parameters will be in-efficient und~r the "small country" assumptioi:i and biased in the "large country" case. A Monte Carlo simulation demonstrates that the magnitude of the bias is potentially very large.
New experimental evidence for the role of long-range potential fluctuations in the mechanism of 1/f noise in a-Si:H
Creators: name: Bakker, J. P. R.
name: van Capel, P. J. S.
name: Fine, B. V.
name: Dijkhuis, J. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of 1/f resistance noise in three different films of amorphous silicon (a-Si) in the presense of a transverse electric current. Two of these films have n-i-n sandwich structure - in one of them all three layers were hydrogenated; in the other one only the n-layers were hydrogenated, while the intrinsic layer was deuterated. The third film had p-i-p structure with all three layers hydrogenated. The experimental spectra were found to be in a very good quantitative agreement with theoretical predictions, which were based on the mechanism involving long-range fluctuations of the Coulomb potential created by charged defects (see cond-mat/0210680).
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, to appear in J. Non-Cryst. Solids
An Efficient and Theoretically Consistent Procedure for Generating Correlated, Non-Normal Random Variables in Simulation Models
Creators: name: Ramirez, O. A.
name: Boggess, W. G.
name: Moss, C. B.
name: Ramirez, O. A.
name: Boggess, W. G.
name: Moss, C. B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Simulation
subject: non-normal
subject: density function
subject: random sample
subject: efficient
subject: multivariate
subject: hyperbolic sine

description: In recent years, simulation has become an important methodology for applied decision analysis under uncertainty. A typical simulation effort requires generating a set of possibly correlated and non-normal random variables, using information regarding their underlying joint probability density function contained in a presumably random sample. A few techniques have been suggested to accomplish this task, but most have not met ·the requirement of being correct and efficient from the statistical point of view. This study proposes a multivariate hyperbolic sine probability density function as a basis to develop an efficient and theoretically consistent approach for generating correlated, non-normal random variables.
Dicerca tenebrica
Creators: name: Hallinen, Marie J.
name: Steffens, Wayne P.
name: Schultz, Jennifer L.
name: Aukema, Brian H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Buprestidae
Dicerca
Dicerca tenebrica

description: 90. Dicerca tenebrica (Kirby, 1837)
 County Records (n = 350): Aitkin, Anoka, Beltrami, Carlton, Cass, Chisago, Clearwater, Cook, Crow Wing, Dakota, Goodhue, Hennepin, Houston, Itasca, Kittson, Koochiching, Lac qui Parle, Lake, Lake of the Woods, Mille Lacs, Olmsted, Otter Tail, Pennington, Pine, Polk, Ramsey, St. Louis, Wadena, Washington, and Winona.
Collection Dates: 26 April–1 September.
 Minnesota Hosts: Adults collected on Larix laricina, Pinus banksiana,  Populus alba L. , Populus sp., and flowers of  Sonchus arvensis L.  (Asteraceae). Larval host recorded as Populus grandidentata. Adults also on P. tremuloides.
 Collection Method: On foliage and flowers, in Lindgren funnel trap on Pinus banksiana baited with alpha-pinene and bark beetle pheromones, washed ashore on Lake Superior, and as C. fumipennis prey.
description: Published as part of Hallinen, Marie J., Steffens, Wayne P., Schultz, Jennifer L. & Aukema, Brian H., 2021, The Buprestidae (Coleoptera) of Minnesota, with a Discussion of the Emerald Ash Borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, pp. 173-190 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 75 (1) on page 184, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-75.1.173, http://zenodo.org/record/4837088
Periodicity in fast radio bursts due to forced precession by a fallback disk
Creators: name: Tong, H.
name: Wang, W.
name: Wang, H. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a 16-day periodicity in one fast radio burst is reported. We propose that this 16-day periodicity may be due to forced precession of the neutron star by a fallback disk. When the rotation axis is misaligned with the normal direction of the disk plane, the neutron star will precess. The eccentricity of the neutron star may be due to rotation or strong magnetic field etc. We found that the 16-day period may be understood using typical masses of the fallback disk. Polarization observations and information about the neutron star rotation period may help to discriminate different models. The possible precession observations in pulsars, magnetars, and fast radio bursts may be understood together using forced precession by a fallback disk.
description: 7 pages, accepted in RAA
Upper estimates for the Hausdorff dimension of the temporal singular set in chemotaxis-fluid systems
Creators: name: Fuest, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B65 (primary), 35K55, 35Q35, 35Q92, 92C17 (secondary)

description: The chemotaxis-fluid system \begin{align}\tag{$\star$}\label{prob:star} \begin{cases} n_t + u \cdot \nabla n = Δn - \nabla \cdot (n \nabla c), \\ c_t + u \cdot \nabla c = Δc - nc, \\ u_t + (u \cdot \nabla) u = Δu + \nabla P + n \nabla Φ, \quad \nabla \cdot u = 0, \end{cases} \end{align} models aerobic bacteria interacting with a fluid via transportation and buoyancy. When posed on a three-dimensional, smoothly bounded, convex domain $Ω$, \eqref{prob:star} complemented with suitable initial and boundary conditions is known to admit a global `weak energy solution', which recently has been shown to be smooth (after a redefinition on a set of measure $0$) in $\overline Ω\times E$ for some countable union of open intervals $E$ with $|(0, \infty) \setminus E| = 0$.
 The present paper investigates further regularity properties of this solution and proves that ($E$ can be chosen such that) the $\frac12$-dimensional Hausdorff measure of $(0, \infty) \setminus E$ vanishes and thus that in particular its Hausdorff dimension is at most $\frac12$. As $\frac12$ has been the best known upper estimate for the Hausdorff dimension of the temporal singular set for the unperturbed Navier--Stokes equations for quite some time, this result is the best one can hope for \eqref{prob:star} without significant progress in the regularity theory of (homogeneous) Navier--Stokes equations.
description: 13 pages
Using REDCap for data in clinical trials : database management on a budget
Creators: name: Ciolino, Jody Dyan
name: Palac, Hannah Louks
name: Yang, Amy
name: Wehbe, Firas Hazem
Publisher: name: Biostatistics Collaboration Center, Northwestern University Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: REDCap
subject: Clinical database development
subject: Clinical trials
subject: Data Collection
subject: Database Management Systems
subject: Clinical Trials as Topic
subject: Data Collection/methods

description: These files contain (1) a checklist of items to consider before moving a clinical database from development mode to production mode in REDCap, and (2) a set of tutorial slides illustrating basic and some advanced REDCap features presented at an international conference (The Society for Clinical Trials 2017 meeting).
Folsom technological and socioeconomic strategies: Views from Stewart's Cattle Guard and the Upper Rio Grande Basin, Colorado
Creators: name: Brierty Jodry, Margaret Ann
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 43
subject: History, heritage and archaeology
classificationCode: 4301
subject: Archaeology

description: The purpose of this study is to increase understanding of the Folsom Cultural Complex by linking technological organization with social dynamics, economic orientation, and environmental context. Two assumptions underlie this endeavor: primary subsistence practices strongly influence patterns of social and technological organization, and environmental circumstances hold important keys to the structure and variation of social and subsistence activities across the landscape. It is suggested that Folsom social organization and technology developed in the context of significant changes in climate and subsistence resource structure during the Younger Dryas cool episode (nearly 10,000 to 11,000 BP) when expansion of grassland ecosystems likely favored radiation in bison populations. An ecological model is proposed whereby the large size of Folsom-age bison is related to longer somatic growing seasons, favorable moisture regimes, and a postulated increase in nitrogen availability that resulted in abundant, high quality forage and a possible rise in bison fertility rates. These fundamental changes altered predator-prey relations in the aftermath of Rancholabrean extinctions and permitted economic development of bison specialization. Cooperative hunting during the late summer-early fall involved upwards of fifty animals in a single kill. It is suggested that recurrent, large-scale bison processing necessitated cooperative labor and a few specialized tools. Technological innovations included a possible woman's fillet knife to thin-cut meat for drying and weapon tips designed to kill bison that were easily repaired and conserved raw material. High residential mobility and extensive networks of kin and other social alliances were means of offsetting risks inherent in subsistence specialization. Study of sixteen raw materials at forty-five sites suggests that regular interregional communication may have characterized the period. In the first detailed analysis of an extensively excavated late summer-early fall bison kill and processing camp (Stewart's Cattle Guard site) the archeological remains of hide working identify activities likely performed by females and weaponry repair and manufacture distinguish male tasks. Use-wear, refit, and spatial studies provide insight into the demands placed on end scrapers and projectile points. Their attrition rates may vary by season. These findings provide a useful interpretive tool for assemblages of many time periods.
Cancer prediction using DNA methylation profiles
Creators: name: Viswesh, Annika
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2021

description: Tools to help healthcare professionals identify a cancer type based on DNA Methylation profiles are currently unavailable. DNA methylation pattern changes occur early, so it can be used in the early detection of cancer. Machine learning algorithms were developed in this study to predict a particular kind of cancer. DNA methylation profiles of Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Sarcoma, Skin Cutaneous Melanoma, Stomach Adenocarcinoma, Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma, and Brain Lower Grade Glioma were downloaded from “The Cancer Genome Atlas”. 1200 samples with 200 records per cancer type and 485,577 features per record were extracted, cleaned, balanced, and feature engineered. Five different computational models were built using Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, Gaussian Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machines, and Random Forest. Precision, Recall, and f1_score were used to evaluate and compare their performance. Logistic Regression and Linear Support Vector Machines gave the best results with precision, recall, and f1_score of 99.5%. This project demonstrates an accurate big data-driven and machine learning to predictive analytics approach in early cancer detection, which can improve cancer patient outcomes. Although the study utilizes only data for six cancer types, this concept of machine learning-assisted decision-making can be extended to incorporate more cancers in the future.
Coulomb blockade and quantum tunnelling in the low-conductivity phase of granular metals
Creators: name: Tripathi, V.
name: Turlakov, M.
name: Loh, Y. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of Coulomb interaction and inter-grain quantum tunnelling in an array of metallic grains using the phase-functional approach for temperatures $T$ well below the charging energy $E_{c}$ of individual grains yet large compared to the level spacing in the grains. When the inter-grain tunnelling conductance $g\gg1$, the conductivity $σ$ in $d$ dimensions decreases logarithmically with temperature ($σ/σ_{0}\sim1-\frac{1}{2πgd}\ln(gE_{c}/T)$), while for $g\to0$, the conductivity shows simple activated behaviour ($σ\sim \exp(-E_c/T)$). We show, for bare tunnelling conductance $g \gtrsim 1$, that the parameter $γ\equiv g(1-2/(gπ)\ln(gE_{c}/T))$ determines the competition between charging and tunnelling effects. At low enough temperatures in the regime $1\gtrsim γ\gg 1/\sqrt{βE_{c}}$, a charge is shared among a finite number $N=\sqrt{(E_{c}/T)/\ln(π/2γz)}$ of grains, and we find a soft activation behaviour of the conductivity, $σ\sim z^{-1}\exp(-2\sqrt{(E_{c}/T)\ln(π/2γz)})$, where $z$ is the effective coordination number of a grain.
description: 11 pages REVTeX, 3 Figures. Appendix added, replaced with published version
Suppression of the $γ-α$ structural phase transition in $Ce_{0.8} La_{0.1} Th_{0.1}$ by large magnetic fields
Creators: name: Drymiotis, F.
name: Singleton, J.
name: Harrison, N.
name: Balicas, L.
name: Bangura, A.
name: Mielke, C. H.
name: Fisk, Z.
name: Migliori, A.
name: Smith, J. L.
name: Lashley, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $γ-α$ transition in Ce$_{0.8}$La$_{0.1}$Th$_{0.1}$ is measured as a function of applied magnetic field using both resistivity and magnetization. The $γ- α$ transition temperature decreases with increasing magnetic field, reaching zero temperature at around 56 T. The magnetic-field dependence of the transition temperature may be fitted using a model that invokes the field and temperature dependence of the entropy of the $4f$-electron moments of the $γ$ phase, suggesting that the volume collapse in Ce and its alloys is primarily driven by entropic considerations.
Folsom technological and socioeconomic strategies: Views from Stewart's Cattle Guard and the Upper Rio Grande Basin, Colorado
Creators: name: Brierty Jodry, Margaret Ann
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The purpose of this study is to increase understanding of the Folsom Cultural Complex by linking technological organization with social dynamics, economic orientation, and environmental context. Two assumptions underlie this endeavor: primary subsistence practices strongly influence patterns of social and technological organization, and environmental circumstances hold important keys to the structure and variation of social and subsistence activities across the landscape. It is suggested that Folsom social organization and technology developed in the context of significant changes in climate and subsistence resource structure during the Younger Dryas cool episode (nearly 10,000 to 11,000 BP) when expansion of grassland ecosystems likely favored radiation in bison populations. An ecological model is proposed whereby the large size of Folsom-age bison is related to longer somatic growing seasons, favorable moisture regimes, and a postulated increase in nitrogen availability that resulted in abundant, high quality forage and a possible rise in bison fertility rates. These fundamental changes altered predator-prey relations in the aftermath of Rancholabrean extinctions and permitted economic development of bison specialization. Cooperative hunting during the late summer-early fall involved upwards of fifty animals in a single kill. It is suggested that recurrent, large-scale bison processing necessitated cooperative labor and a few specialized tools. Technological innovations included a possible woman's fillet knife to thin-cut meat for drying and weapon tips designed to kill bison that were easily repaired and conserved raw material. High residential mobility and extensive networks of kin and other social alliances were means of offsetting risks inherent in subsistence specialization. Study of sixteen raw materials at forty-five sites suggests that regular interregional communication may have characterized the period. In the first detailed analysis of an extensively excavated late summer-early fall bison kill and processing camp (Stewart's Cattle Guard site) the archeological remains of hide working identify activities likely performed by females and weaponry repair and manufacture distinguish male tasks. Use-wear, refit, and spatial studies provide insight into the demands placed on end scrapers and projectile points. Their attrition rates may vary by season. These findings provide a useful interpretive tool for assemblages of many time periods.
Trends of pertussis in Evanston, IL from 2006 to 2016
Creators: name: Munoz Monari, Barbara Maria
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: public health
subject: pertussis
subject: Whooping Cough
subject: Pertussis Vaccine
subject: Evanston (Ill.)
subject: Whooping Cough/epidemiology

description: A Northwestern University Capstone Project
description: Background: Pertussis is a vaccine-preventable disease (VPD) that has been well-controlled since the implementation of vaccine programs in the 1940s. However, outbreaks and severe cases still happen throughout the US. Epidemiological data regarding cases of pertussis in smaller geographical areas, such as City of Evanston, IL is not always readily available. This study aims to thoroughly describe cases of pertussis in Evanston between 2006 and 2016.Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted using data collected from the Illinois National Electronic Surveillance System (INEDSS) from 2006 to 2016. Cases of pertussis were classified by case status, and descriptive statistics for demographics, clinical, and epidemiological variables were provided at a significance level of 0.05. Analysis of temporal trends and spatial distribution of cases in Evanston, IL was performed. Logistic regression was used to describe the association between immunization status at onset and number of symptoms. Results: A total of 214 cases of pertussis were analyzed. Of them 50% were women, 67% white, and 72% had a cough 14 days. Adolescents represented 57.5% (n=123) of the sample. Highest cumulative incidences are reported for 2014, 2015 and 2016. Association between up-to-date immunization schedule and number of symptoms was not statistically significant [OR=0.49 95%CI 0.20-1.21].Conclusion: Overall, there is an important variability in the characteristics of pertussis cases in Evanston, IL from 2006 to 2016. There was an increased incidence among adolescent when compared to other ages. No association was found between being updated in immunization schedule and number of symptoms among cases of pertussis in Evanston, IL.
For better or worse? How political consultants are changing elections in the United States
Creators: name: Dulio, David Anthony
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Much of what has been written about professional political consultants is based on assertion and speculation. Critics of consultants have indicted them for nearly every conceivable ill that plagues American federal elections---high campaign costs, weak parties, poisonous "negative" ads, and campaigns that are devoid of any attention to issues. This dissertation takes a fresh look at the "hired guns" of campaigning and empirically examines the assumptions and assertions from the consultant perspective, by investigating the relationships consultants have with candidates, voters, the media, and political parties. Utilizing a unique data set of consultants' attitudes and beliefs that comes from the most comprehensive survey of the profession, I evaluate consultants' place in modern democratic elections in the United States. This new perspective calls into question much of the conventional wisdom surrounding political consultants. For example, this work illustrates that consultants are not motivated solely by the money that is ever-present in today's campaigns. Rather, they resemble campaign activists; they are individuals who have a genuine love of politics and become involved because of issues and their own political beliefs. In addition, this work shows that rather than pushing parties to the side of elections, as some critics would have us believe, consultants and parties work in cooperation as partners. Data reported below suggests that a clear division of labor exists between consultants and parties with both sides recognizing that modern campaigns require a change from previous models of electioneering. This work also examines the effects of hiring consultants on candidates' electoral and fund-raising success. Building on work that shows that candidates who hire consultants both raise more money and garner a greater percentage of the vote, evidence is presented that shows that hiring consultants who are more renown and more skillful than others also have an impact on candidate successes. Finally, consultants place in democratic elections is considered. Reflecting on the small but growing pile of evidence, I argue that while they should not be given a free pass, consultants are not a scourge on democracy. In fact, in some ways, consultants can enhance democratic elections.
For better or worse? How political consultants are changing elections in the United States
Creators: name: Dulio, David Anthony
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Much of what has been written about professional political consultants is based on assertion and speculation. Critics of consultants have indicted them for nearly every conceivable ill that plagues American federal elections---high campaign costs, weak parties, poisonous "negative" ads, and campaigns that are devoid of any attention to issues. This dissertation takes a fresh look at the "hired guns" of campaigning and empirically examines the assumptions and assertions from the consultant perspective, by investigating the relationships consultants have with candidates, voters, the media, and political parties. Utilizing a unique data set of consultants' attitudes and beliefs that comes from the most comprehensive survey of the profession, I evaluate consultants' place in modern democratic elections in the United States. This new perspective calls into question much of the conventional wisdom surrounding political consultants. For example, this work illustrates that consultants are not motivated solely by the money that is ever-present in today's campaigns. Rather, they resemble campaign activists; they are individuals who have a genuine love of politics and become involved because of issues and their own political beliefs. In addition, this work shows that rather than pushing parties to the side of elections, as some critics would have us believe, consultants and parties work in cooperation as partners. Data reported below suggests that a clear division of labor exists between consultants and parties with both sides recognizing that modern campaigns require a change from previous models of electioneering. This work also examines the effects of hiring consultants on candidates' electoral and fund-raising success. Building on work that shows that candidates who hire consultants both raise more money and garner a greater percentage of the vote, evidence is presented that shows that hiring consultants who are more renown and more skillful than others also have an impact on candidate successes. Finally, consultants place in democratic elections is considered. Reflecting on the small but growing pile of evidence, I argue that while they should not be given a free pass, consultants are not a scourge on democracy. In fact, in some ways, consultants can enhance democratic elections.
Probing the inflationary background of gravitational waves from large to small scales
Creators: name: Giarè, William
name: Melchiorri, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of Primordial Gravitational Waves (PGWs) is one of the most important goals of modern cosmology since PGWs can both provide substantial evidence for primordial inflation and shed light on its physical nature. Small scale experiments on gravitational waves such as LIGO/VIRGO and, in future, LISA and Einstein Telescope (ET), being sensitive to the stochastic background of gravitational waves, can be used together with the CMB data to constrain the inflationary parameters. In performing these analyses the primordial tensor spectrum is usually parametrized with a power law that includes only the amplitude and a scale independent tilt. In this paper, we investigate the robustness of assuming the tensor tilt as scale independent. We show that due to the huge difference in the scales probed by CMB and GWs data, even a small scale dependence can remarkably affect the shape of the primordial spectrum possibly breaking the power-law assumption. When the non-linear corrections are considered the final constraints can be significantly changed. We also study the scale dependence in two different physical models of inflation providing an example of negligible scale dependence and an example of non-negligible scale dependence.
description: 12 Pages, 4 figures. Edited to match Phys. Lett. B published version
Preparing high purity initial states for nuclear magnetic resonance quantum computing
Creators: name: Anwar, M. S.
name: Blazina, D.
name: Carteret, H.
name: Duckett, S. B.
name: Halstead, T. K.
name: Jones, J. A.
name: Kozak, C. M.
name: Taylor, R. J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we demonstrate how para-hydrogen can be used to prepare a two-spin system in an almost pure state which is suitable for implementing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) quantum computation. A 12ns laser pulse is used to initiate a chemical reaction involving pure para-hydrogn (the nuclear spin singlet of H2). The product, formed on the microsecond timescale, contains a hydrogen derived two-spin system with an effective spin-state purity of 0.916. To achieve a comparable result by direct cooling would require an unmanageable (in the liquid state) effective spin temperature of 6.4mK or an impractical magnetic field of 0.45MT at room temperature. The resulting spin state has an entanglement of formation of 0.822 and cannot be described by local hidden variable models.
description: 4 pages including 2 figures. Changes from v.3 at request of referees. Now in press at Physical Review Letters
Greybody factor and sparsity of Hawking radiation from a charged spherical black hole with scalar hair
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Avijit
name: Banerjee, Narayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The `no-hair' conjecture claims that for a spherically symmetric black hole, only the information regarding the mass and charge of the black hole is available to an external observer. However, there are numerous counterexamples to the `no-hair' conjecture. In this work, we consider a particular counter-example to the `no-hair' conjecture in (3+1) dimensions, namely, a static spherically symmetric charged black hole with a scalar hair. We provide semi-analytic bounds on the greybody factors and study the sparsity of Hawking radiation of mass-less uncharged scalar fields. Our results show that the scalar and electric charges contribute oppositely to the greybody factor and the sparsity of the Hawking radiation cascade. Also, the greybody factor decreases and the Hawking emission spectra become more sparse with the reduction in the black hole (ADM) mass.
description: Version accepted for publication in PLB
Dermatology at Northwestern: A History
Creators: name: Sims, Ronald H
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Northwestern University Medical School
subject: Galter Health Sciences Library
subject: Chicago Medical College
subject: Woodley, David
subject: Oliver, Edward A., 1883-1957
subject: Stillians, Arthur William, 1871-1967
subject: Harris, Frederick Gillette, 1874-1919
subject: Zeisler, Joseph, 1858-1919
subject: Paine, A. G.
subject: Rattner, Herbert, 1900-1962
subject: Dermatology
subject: Dermatologists
subject: History
subject: Bluefarb, Samuel M.
subject: Roenigk, Henry H., 1934-
subject: Hyde, James Nevins, 1840-1910
subject: Paller, Amy

description: One of a series of articles prepared for the Galter Library's website about the history of Northwestern University's medical school, its departments, and notable persons. A related presentation was made by Ronald H. Sims to the department and its residents: Pictorial History of Dermatology at Northwestern University on July 2010, Chicago, IL.
description: Highlighted in this article are distinguished Northwestern University physicians specializing in dermatology: James Nevins Hyde, Joseph Zeisler, Frederick Gillette Harris, Arthur William Stillians, Edward Oliver, Herbert Rattner, Samuel M. Buefarb, Henry H. Roenigk, David (T.) Woodley, Amy S. Paller.
Additional file 1 of Factors associated with patient willingness to participate in anaesthesia clinical trials: a vignette-based cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Noirmain, Caroline
name: Gil-Wey, Béatrice
name: Pichon, Isabelle
name: Brindel, Pauline
name: Haller, Guy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire. Participation in a clinical trial in anesthesia: attitude, barriers and motivations of patients.
The Observed and Predicted Spatial Distribution of Milky Way Satellite Galaxies
Creators: name: Willman, B.
name: Governato, F.
name: Dalcanton, J. J.
name: Reed, D.
name: Quinn, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review evidence that the census of Milky Way satellites similar to those known may be incomplete at low latitude due to obscuration and in the outer halo due to a decreasing sensitivity to dwarf satellites with distance. We evaluate the possible impact that incompleteness has on comparisons with substructure models by estimating corrections to the known number of dwarfs using empirical and theoretical models. If we assume that the true distribution of Milky Way satellites is uniform with latitude, then we estimate a 33% incompleteness in the total number of dwarfs due to obscuration at low latitude. Similarly, if we suppose that the radial distribution of Milky Way satellites matches that of M31, or that of the oldest sub-halos or the most massive sub-halos in a simulation, we estimate a total number of Milky Way dwarfs ranging from 1 -- 3 times the known population. Although the true level of incompleteness is quite uncertain, the fact that our extrapolations yield average total numbers of MW dwarfs that are realistically 1.5 -- 2 times the known population, shows that incompleteness needs to be taken seriously when comparing to models of dwarf galaxy formation. Interestingly, the radial distribution of the oldest sub-halos in a Lambda+CDM simulation of a Milky Way-like galaxy possess a close match to the observed distribution of M31's satellites, which suggests that reionization may be an important factor controlling the observability of sub-halos. We also assess the prospects for a new SDSS search for Milky Way satellites to constrain the possible incompleteness in the outer halo.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures. Replaced with MNRAS accepted version
Additional file 2 of Lactate kinetics in ICU patients using a bolus of 13C-labeled lactate
Creators: name: Grip, Jonathan
name: Falkenström, Tobias
name: Panuwat Promsin
name: Wernerman, Jan
name: Norberg, Åke
name: Rooyackers, Olav
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Plasma lactate enrichment of labeled lactate for healthy volunteers and ICU patients
On projective Banach lattices of the form C(K) and FBL[E]
Creators: name: Avilés, Antonio
name: Martínez-Cervantes, Gonzalo
name: Abellán, José David Rodríguez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B43, 06BXX

description: We show that if a Banach lattice is projective, then every bounded sequence that can be mapped by a homomorphism onto the basis of $c_0$ must contain an $\ell_1$-subsequence. As a consequence, if Banach lattices $\ell_p$ or $FBL[E]$ are projective, then $p=1$ or $E$ has the Schur property, respectively. On the other hand, we show that $C(K)$ is projective whenever $K$ is an absolute neighbourhood retract, answering a question by de Pagter and Wickstead.
Dicerca tenebrosa subsp. tenebrosa tenebrosa (Kirby 1837
Creators: name: Hallinen, Marie J.
name: Steffens, Wayne P.
name: Schultz, Jennifer L.
name: Aukema, Brian H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Buprestidae
Dicerca
Dicerca tenebrosa
Dicerca tenebrosa tenebrosa (kirby, 1837)

description: 91. Dicerca tenebrosa tenebrosa (Kirby, 1837)
 County Records (n = 126): Anoka, Bemidji, Cass, Chisago, Clearwater, Cook, Crow Wing, Hennepin, Itasca, Olmsted, Pine, Ramsey, St. Louis, Stearns, and Washington.
Collection Dates: 18 May–29 August.
 Minnesota Hosts: Collected on  Picea pungens Engelm.  Adults also on Abies balsamea, Picea glauca, Pinus banksiana, P. resinosa, and Pseudotsuga menziesii.
 Collection Method: Collected on Picea pungens, in Lindgren funnel trap on Pinus banksiana, washed ashore on Lake Superior, and as C. fumipennis prey.
description: Published as part of Hallinen, Marie J., Steffens, Wayne P., Schultz, Jennifer L. & Aukema, Brian H., 2021, The Buprestidae (Coleoptera) of Minnesota, with a Discussion of the Emerald Ash Borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, pp. 173-190 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 75 (1) on page 184, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-75.1.173, http://zenodo.org/record/4837088
The cultural history of apartheid and the politics of healing in a South African indigenous church
Creators: name: Thomas, Linda Elaine
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The cultural history of South Africa records the events that led to the establishment of apartheid, the legal system which subjugated the black majority to an inferior status based on race. While apartheid became the official policy of South Africa in 1948, prior to that year white minority governments enacted laws and manufactured attitudes that led to the political domination of black people. The ramification of policies of discrimination has for decades caused black people's intellectual, economic, political, and educational pursuits to be substandard. Yet, the resiliency of black South Africans has been demonstrated many times over in movements of resistance. People such as Nelson and Winnie Mandela challenged the South African government concerning its continued domination of blacks. Grass roots movements all over the country used various means of resistance. One vehicle of resistance at the grassroots level was the emergence of African indigenous churches. In the context of sacred space, these churches, which attract the poorest of the poor, utilize symbolic orders that transform peoples' lives to the extent that they become empowered social actors. Moreover, these churches design rituals of healing in which people who suffer from various sicknesses are healed physically and, more often than not, transformed emotionally. This study focuses on healing rituals in an African indigenous church located in a black township in Cape Town known as Guguletu. It is based on fieldwork conducted from June 15, 1991-January 15, 1992 and during the month of August 1992. The primary focus of the research involves the study of religion as a cultural system. The goal is to examine how micro-level social relations, as reflected in an African indigenous church, impact and are impacted by macro-level political, social and economic structures, as well as by the struggles in the Republic of South Africa. The interpersonal social relations of poor black South Africans are examined with the intent of discovering how they employed religious healing rituals as a force for reorienting their social reality, a material world that is permeated with the legacy of apartheid. The ways in which this material world is symbolically transformed by healing rituals into a life enhancing reality are explored. The specific location of the study is an African indigenous church called St. John's Apostolic Faith Mission. It is part of a larger indigenous church movement that is the most rapidly growing segment of religious life in South Africa. These churches stand in counterdistinction to the "historical churches.". The conclusion is drawn that the rituals of healing are expressions of protest by nonelites who are thereby transforming the world in which they live.
Magnetoelectricity at room temperature in Bi0.9-xTbxLa0.1FeO3 system
Creators: name: Palkar, V. R.
name: Malik, S. K.
name: Bhattacharya, S.
name: Kundaliya, Darshan C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetoelectric compounds with the general formula, Bi0.9-xRxLa0.1FeO3 (R =Gd, Tb, Dy, etc.), have been synthesized. These show the coexistence of ferroelectricity and magnetism, possess high dielectric constant and exhibit magnetoelectric coupling at room temperature. Such materials may be of great significance in basic as well as applied research.
description: 11 pages of text and figures
Anomalous Production of Fourth Family Up Quarks at Future Lepton Hadron Colliders
Creators: name: Alan, A. T.
name: Senol, A.
name: Cakir, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the production of fourth family up-type quarks using effective lagrangian approach at future lepton-hadron colliders and study the kinematical characteristics of the signal with an optimal set of cuts. We obtain the upper mass limits 500 GeV at THERA and one TeV at Linac $\otimes$ LHC.
description: published version
Multi-Scale Denoising in the Feature Space for Low-Light Instance Segmentation
Creators: name: Lin, Joanne
name: Anantrasirichai, Nantheera
name: Bull, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Instance segmentation for low-light imagery remains largely unexplored due to the challenges imposed by such conditions, for example shot noise due to low photon count, color distortions and reduced contrast. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end solution to address this challenging task. Our proposed method implements weighted non-local blocks (wNLB) in the feature extractor. This integration enables an inherent denoising process at the feature level. As a result, our method eliminates the need for aligned ground truth images during training, thus supporting training on real-world low-light datasets. We introduce additional learnable weights at each layer in order to enhance the network's adaptability to real-world noise characteristics, which affect different feature scales in different ways. Experimental results on several object detectors show that the proposed method outperforms the pretrained networks with an Average Precision (AP) improvement of at least +7.6, with the introduction of wNLB further enhancing AP by upto +1.3.
description: Accepted by ICASSP 2025
Four-loop QCD MOM beta functions from the three-loop vertices at the symmetric point
Creators: name: Bednyakov, Alexander
name: Pikelner, Andrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the first time, we compute three-loop contributions to all triple vertices in QCD at the symmetric point. The analytic results are obtained in massless QCD with an arbitrary color group in the Landau gauge. All new loop integrals are expressed in terms of harmonic polylogarithms at the sixth root of unity. These corrections allow us to derive expressions for the four-loop QCD beta function in a set of momentum-subtraction schemes.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, ancillary files with analytic results, minor changes, matches journal version