cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Identifying the Bases for Gender Differences in Guilt and Shame
Creators: name: Edmondson, R. Shawn
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2002

description: Gender differences are frequently revealed on the popular TOSCA-2 measure of guilt- and shame-proneness. These gender differences could reflect biases in the eliciting conditions that participants evaluate and confounds between them. A new instrument, the Gender Relevant Test of Self-Conscious Affect (GR-TOSCA), was developed to eliminate these confounds, thereby introducing a gender-sensitive, and therefore more valid, measure of guilt and shame proneness. The psychometric integrity of the new instrument, hypotheses regarding condition-specific gender differences in the two emotions, and relationships of guilt- and shame-proneness scores to gender role endorsement were examined in a sample of undergraduate students (93 men and 109 women). Encouraging evidence was produced for the reliability and validity of the GR-TOSCA, but the hypothesized gender differences in guilt and shame proneness were not found. Several possibilities for these results are explored, including the possibility of biases in the research procedure.
Probing semiclassical magneto-oscillations in the low-field quantum Hall effect
Creators: name: Hang, D. R.
name: Huang, C. F.
name: Cheng, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low-field quantum Hall effect is investigated on a two-dimensional electron system in an AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure. Magneto-oscillations following the semiclassical Shubnikov-de Haas formula are observed even when the emergence of the mobility gap shows the importance of quantum localization effects. Moreover, the Lifshitz-Kosevich formula can survive as the oscillating amplitude becomes large enough for the deviation to the Dingle factor. The crossover from the semiclassical transport to the description of quantum diffusion is discussed. From our study, the difference between the mobility and cyclotron gaps indicates that some electron states away from the Landau-band tails can be responsible for the semiclassical behaviors under low-field Landau quantization.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Isobaric analogue resonances in the 56 Fe(p,y)57Co reaction
Creators: name: El-Kateb, Mohamed Salah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The excitation function for the reaction ⁵⁶F(p,y)⁵⁷Co has been measured from 1200 - 3000 KeV proton energy using enriched ⁵⁶Fe targets. Gamma-ray spectra were measured using Ge(Li) and NaI(T£) detectors. The resonance strength, 10^, has been determined for the studied resonances. Gamma-ray angular distributions were measured using NaI(T£) detectors. In the energy region between 1240 and 1272 KeV, the gamma-ray angular distributions were measured using the Ge(Li) detector. Gamma-ray angular distributions have been measured for resonances corresponding to excitation energies in ⁵⁷Co of 7253, 7267, 7272, 7598, 7622, 7641, 7647, 7925, 8192 and 8450 KeV. The-branching ratios, spins and parities of the resonance levels as well as some of the low-lying states in ⁵⁷Co have been established. The reaction Q-value derived from these measurements is Q = 6027 ± 3 KeV. From the gamma-ray spectra and angular distributions which have been studied the levels at 7253, 7267 and 7272 KeV excitation in ⁵⁷Co are identified as the split analogue of the T = 5/2 corresponding to the first bound state in the parent nucleus ⁵⁷Fe at 14 KeV. The group of levels at 7622, 7641 and 7647 KeV excitation in ⁵⁷Co are believed to form the split analogue of the 367 KeV bound state in 57Fe. The level at 8450 KeV excitation is tentatively identified as the isobaric analogue state of T = 5/2 corresponding to the 1196 KeV bound state in ⁵⁷Fe. The absence of the isobaric analogue resonance corresponding to the ground state in ⁵⁷Fe is discussed as a result of the present study. A coulomb displacement energy for ⁵⁷Co - ⁵⁷Fe of 8876 ± 6 KeV is deduced from these measurements.
Высшее образование сегодня,Выпуск 7 2019
Creators: name: Автономная некоммерческая организация высшего образования «Российский новый университет»
Publisher: name: Автономная некоммерческая организация высшего образования «Российский новый университет»
Year: 2019

description: Высшее образование сегодня,Выпуск 7 2019
Time-resolved optical observations of five cataclysmic variables detected by INTEGRAL
Creators: name: Pretorius, Magaretha L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ESA gamma-ray telescope, INTEGRAL, is detecting relatively more intrinsically rare cataclysmic variables (CVs) than were found by surveys at lower energies. Specifically, a large fraction of the CVs that are INTEGRAL sources consists of asynchronous polars and intermediate polars (IPs). IP classifications have been proposed for the majority of CVs discovered by INTEGRAL, but, in many cases, there is very little known about these systems. In order to address this, I present time-resolved optical data of five CVs discovered through INTEGRAL observations. The white dwarf spin modulation is detected in high-speed photometry of three of the new CVs (IGR J15094-6649, IGR J16500-3307, and IGR J17195-4100), but two others (XSS J12270-4859 and IGR J16167-4957) show no evidence of magnetism, and should be considered unclassified systems. Spectroscopic orbital period (P_orb) measurements are also given for IGR J15094-6649, IGR J16167-4957, IGR J16500-3307, and IGR J17195-4100.
description: 8 pages; 11 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Enantioselective ruthenium-catalyzed benzocyclobutenone-ketol cycloaddition & total synthesis of type II polyketide antibiotic SF2446 B3
Creators: name: Huynh, Nancy O.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Total synthesis
Methodology

description: Antibiotic resistance is a global issue that has become increasingly problematic even as new therapies continue to be developed. Our laboratory has reported a convergent method for the construction of type II polyketide natural products, many of which exhibit antibacterial properties. Through a transfer-hydrogenative ruthenium-catalyzed [4+2] cycloaddition, benzocyclobutenone and diol partners combine to form cycloadducts with complete regioselectivity and high levels of diastereo- and enantioselectivity. Employing a ketol as a coupling partner allows the reaction to operate as a redox neutral process, which bypasses the generation of stoichiometric byproducts. Using this methodology, the highly congested bay region of the type II polyketide natural product SF2446 B3 was synthesized. Various benzocyclobutenone coupling partners were also synthesized and experimentally evaluated together with DFT (density-functional theory) calculations, ultimately leading to the conclusion that electron donating substituents are required for the desired cycloaddition to occur smoothly. SF2446 B3 is reported to be an extremely potent antibiotic that is active against gram-positive pathogens (MIC = 3.13 μg/mL). The first total synthesis of SF2446 B3 is completed enantioselectively in 18 steps (longest linear sequence).
LongSAL : a longitudinal search as learning study with university students
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Nilavra
name: 0000-0001-7864-7726
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Search as learning
LongSAL
Longitudinal study
Interactive IR
Information behaviour

description: Learning today comprises navigation, discernment, induction, and synthesis of the wide body of information on the Internet present ubiquitously at every student’s fingertips. Learning, or addressing a gap in one’s knowledge, has been well established as an important motivator behind information-seeking activities. The Search as Learning research community advocates that online information search systems should be reconfigured to become educational platforms to foster learning and sensemaking. Modern search systems have yet to adapt to support this function. An important step to foster learning during online search is identifying behavioural patterns that distinguish searchers gaining more vs. less knowledge during search. Previous efforts have primarily studied searchers in the short term, typically during a single lab session. Researchers have expressed concerns over this ephemeral approach, as learning takes place over time, and is not fleeting. In this dissertation, an exploratory longitudinal study was conducted to observe the long-term searching behaviour of students enrolled in a university course, over the span of a semester. Our research aims were to identify if and how students’ searching behaviour changes over time, as they gain new knowledge on a subject; and how individual traits such as motivation, metacognition, self-regulation, and other individual differences moderate their searching as learning behaviour. We found that differences in these traits create observable and quantifiable differences in information searching as a learning activity. Students with higher levels of metacognition, self-regulation, and motivation were more effective and efficient in their search behaviours, reported better learning and search outcomes, and obtained better grades. We posit that learning environments should be designed to foster the effective use of metacognitive strategies to help learners develop and apply productive self-regulated learning. Moreover, learning technologies can be used to induce, track, model, and support learners’ metacognition across tasks, domains, and contexts. The study recommends that understanding the complex relationship between motivation and metacognition is essential to designing effective searching as learning environments. Findings from this exploratory longitudinal study will help to build improved search systems that foster human learning and sensemaking, which are more equitable in the face of learner diversity.
Resonance Damping in Ferromagnets and Ferroelectrics
Creators: name: Widom, A.
name: Sivasubramanian, S.
name: Vittoria, C.
name: Yoon, S.
name: Srivastava, Y. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenological equations of motion for the relaxation of ordered phases of magnetized and polarized crystal phases can be developed in close analogy with one another. For the case of magnetized systems, the driving magnetic field intensity toward relaxation was developed by Gilbert. For the case of polarized systems, the driving electric field intensity toward relaxation was developed by Khalatnikov. The transport times for relaxation into thermal equilibrium can be attributed to viscous sound wave damping via magnetostriction for the magnetic case and electrostriction for the polarization case.
description: 5 pages no figures ReVTeX 4
A study of sexual and mental health among baby boomers in the United States
Creators: name: Aguilar, Rodolfo Antonio
name: 0000-0002-8712-2750
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Attitudes
Institutionalized
Intimacy
Knowledge
Long-term care
Nursing home
Older age
Older people
Resident
Sexual expression
Sexuality

description: Baby boomers, the epicenter of revolutionizing sex during their coming-of-age years, carry their revolution onto older adulthood. Regardless of their expected physiological, physical, mental, and sexual age-related changes, when it comes to their sexuality, baby boomers demand respect, choice, and dignity. Therefore, nurses trained to use an integrative approach to care are uniquely qualified to catalyze necessary changes in care to meet and complement the needs of aging baby boomers, particularly those who live in nursing homes. To inform necessary changes, this dissertation presents a cross-sectional analysis of the prevalence of sexual activity, behaviors, and problems among baby boomers. The work is based on the secondary cross-sectional analysis of the third round of data collection of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP), which aggregates data from 2,742 representative baby boomers born between 1945 and 1964 (1,228 males and 1,514 females). I also describe the association of sexual activity, behaviors, and problems with age and mental health status. Additionally, I identified associations between sexual health factors and mental health outcomes. I also explored how sexual health factors impact mental health outcomes differently for men and women, including mediating and moderating relationships. My analysis establishes that sexual health factors influence mental health outcomes uniquely and differently in women than men. While future research will always be necessary to keep up with changing health demands in patient-centered care, this dissertation is essential in guiding pertinent changes in healthcare practice, system, and policy. I propose additions and modifications to nursing education curricula and devise appropriate interventions to advocate for sexual rights and sexual health in nursing home residents. My work's detailed findings, proposals, and advisories can serve as an empirical foundation for developing sustainable policies in nursing homes regarding residents' sexuality and sexual expression. If implemented, the revised policies will better prepare nursing care, and healthcare in general, by integrating personal views, needs, and rights of prospective nursing home residents, the baby boomer generation.
title: Changing the Role of Appraisal and Interpersonal Factors in Guilt Induction: Time, Perspective, and Responsibility
Creators: name: Treadwell, Chris Lee
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2001

description: Appraisal theories of emotion assert that guilt arises from the evaluations one ill makes about one's behavior. Perpetrators experience guilt when they view themselves as responsible for harm caused to their victims. Interpersonal theories of emotion hold that guilt is a function of relational factors, including the need to repair relationships. Theorists argue that guilty feelings often arise in spite of appraisals, and that perpetrators feel guilty because of a need to communicate reconciliatory messages to their victims. These two views of guilt are generally seen as mutually exclusive. This study proposed integrating both views of guilt into a single, interactive theory of guilt that includes both appraisals and interpersonal concerns and that asserts that guilt varies as a function of the appraisals one makes about one's own and others' behavior, the nature of the relationship between perpetrators and victims, the perspective from which one views events, and the passage of time. The main question asked was: when taking into account these factors, is guilt better accounted for by an appraisal, interpersonal , or the newly proposed integrative view of guilt?
One-hundred forty-seven male and 168 female university students were presented with scenarios depicting the interaction of two people who were friends or enemies and were directed to adopt the perspective of perpetrators, victims, or were not given instructions to adopt a perspective. In each scenario, a perpetrator acted to inflict harm that was either unintentional or angrily intended. Participants then rated perpetrators' responsibility appraisals, emotional responses, and forgiveness needs. Additionally, participants were asked to rate how responsible perpetrators believed their victims believed them to be.
Correlational analyses and AN OVA were used to test the effects of the factors in the proposed model on ratings of guilt. Although partial support was found for both the appraisal view and the interpersonal view of guilt, results provided the strongest support for the interactive view of guilt. Discussion focused on the role of appraisals, relational factors, perspective, and time in guilty feelings and the implications of these findings for further research.
Thrust and Efficiency Characterization of a Low-Power Applied-Field Magnetoplasmadynamic Thruster With a Superconducting Magnet
Creators: name: Glowacki, Jakub
name: Webster, Emile
name: Hellmann, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2025

description: Superconducting magnets can become an enabling technology, offering new potential for applied-field magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters (AF-MPDTs). This study investigates the role of high, Tesla-level magnetic fields (up to 1 T) in AF-MPDTs operating in the low-power regime. More specifically, the AF-MPDT is operated with a lanthanum-hexaboride hollow cathode using argon flow rates below 2 mg/s, and anode discharge currents below 10 A. The reported results aim to characterize thruster performance in relation to both anode voltage and thrust. The thruster delivers up to 27.8 mN of thrust, with a peak thrust efficiency of 22% and a thrust-to-power ratio of 32 mN/kW. The highest reported discharge power was 1.73 kW. In the low-field regime (< 250 mT) the magnetic field increases thrust and thruster performance. Thrust is seen to increase linearly reaching a maximum at 500 mT–750 mT, depending on the combination of anode discharge current and argon flow rate. The ability of the thruster to convert swirl energy into axial acceleration is shown to decrease with increasing field, limiting performance in the high-field regime. In addition, it has been shown that the applied magnetic field can be used as an efficient mechanism for thrust modulation.
Topic avoidance as a multiplex phenomenon among individuals transitioning from dating to cohabitation
Creators: name: Krawietz, Colton Ellis
name: 0000-0002-1280-4976
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Topic avoidance
Cohabitations
Strategies
Reasons
Transitions

description: The cohabitation effect denotes that people who cohabit with their romantic partner before marriage are at greater risk for relational discord than those who do not. One explanation suggests that communicating about the relationship during the transition from dating to cohabitation with a romantic partner can influence individuals’ relationship quality. Specifically, people who communicate about the relationship, labeled as deciders, are less likely to experience relationship concerns than those who do not, known as sliders. However, little inquiry has acknowledged that deciders and sliders can be topically avoidant during the transition. This dissertation was conducted for several purposes: (a) to investigate the extent to which sliders and deciders are prone to avoiding topics; (b) to explore the degree to which topic avoidance during the transition is related to cohabitors’ relationship quality; and (c) to test whether a complex perspective on topic avoidance that includes topics, reasons, and strategies is related to cohabitors’ relationship quality. The dissertation analyzed data collected from 519 individuals who have transitioned from dating to cohabitation via CloudResearch. The dissertation found that during the transition: (a) cohabitors report lower relationship quality when they avoid topics concerning their current relationship; (b) cohabitors are primarily motivated to avoid topics for relationship and self protection as well as avoiding conflict, though each is associated with relationship quality differently; (c) certain strategies for topic avoidance are inversely associated with cohabitors’ relationship quality; and (d) a holistic approach to topic avoidance is associated with cohabitors’ relationship quality in unique ways. As a result, these findings were discussed more broadly in topic avoidance research, stay-and-leave literature, and inertia theory.
“Undoing progress” : reactionary rhetoric and appeals to rhetorical liberalism
Creators: name: Walker, Kiara
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Rhetoric
Politics
Reactionary
Intellectuals
Publics

description: “ ‘Undoing Progress:’ Reactionary Rhetoric and Appeals to Rhetorical Liberalism” has two interrelated goals. First, this dissertation seeks to contribute to and further clarify contemporary rhetorical strategies central to toxic (Duffy) and exclusionary rhetoric. Second, this dissertation intends to offer preliminary insight into how scholars of rhetoric and writing studies can address the rhetorical strategies used by contemporary rhetors and institutions propagating toxic rhetoric without condemning progressivism populism or endorsing elitism; in effect, this dissertation aims to consider standards of discursive accountability in public discourse marred by toxic and exclusionary rhetoric. To reach these goals, I examine the rhetoric of contemporary reactionary intellectuals, and I draw connections between this purportedly inclusive and open-minded discourse and the form of intellectualism and liberal-democratic rhetorics deployed by more dangerous rhetors, in this instance, rhetors on the far-right. I begin the dissertation introducing the subset of reactionary intellectuals this project examines—the “Intellectual Dark Web”—and framing this “vanguard” as a public seeking to mainstream their rhetoric. Chapter One explores the affordances and constraints of intellectual populism, concluding that such a concept requires a further delineation to better understand the goals and possible consequences of intellectual populism that seeks to restrict discourse on that part of marginalize rhetors. Chapter Two examines the “campus mob” narrative of one reactionary intellectual, Bret Weinstein, to better understand the role claims to victimization play in the construction of (reactionary) intellectual populism. In Chapter Three, I turn to a case of far-right “intellectualism,” building on scholarship about the attempted intellectualization and rebranding of white supremacist rhetoric. While the object of Chapter Three, Richard Spencer, marks a shift from a discussion of the prior objects of reactionary intellectualism, I conclude that the reactionary intellectualism of individuals and movements like the “Intellectual Dark Web” creates a productive rhetorical climate for forms of far-right public discourse by normalizing ideas and language associated with antiegalitarian and anti-pluralist ideas and goals.
Educational expectations of students and their teachers, degree attainment, and labor market outcomes in midlife
Creators: name: Hung, Yuk Leong
name: 0000-0003-1100-5109
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Educational expectations
Occupational expectations
Degree attainment
Wages
Expectations of students
Expectations of teachers
Labor market changes

description: High schools are places where students in the U.S. start taking diverging pathways to realize their educational and occupational expectations. Teachers provide knowledge and resources that are critical to the success of students. During their interactions with students on the frontline, teachers form expectations and assessments that reflect first-hand information about students. Well-documented in the literature is that educational expectations of students and teachers are positively associated with the degree outcomes of students, which can be consequential to their labor market outcomes. To explain why educational expectations are important for students’ outcomes, existing frameworks focus on mechanisms that take place within an individual, such as motivation and commitment to the future. This dissertation goes beyond individual-level explanation and situates educational expectations in a broader labor market context. Drawing from two cohorts of high school students who graduated at the dawn of dramatic labor market changes, this dissertation aims to examine the change and stability in the extent to which educational expectations are associated with degree attainment and labor market outcomes. In chapter 1, I introduce the central role of educational expectations for degree attainment and labor market outcomes, and how labor market changes may impact the association between the expectations and the outcomes. In chapter 2, I provide an overview of data, sample restrictions, and variables used in the following chapters. In chapter 3, I use a refined classification of occupational expectations to show the importance of occupational upgrading in understanding the benefits of expecting 4-year degrees. In chapter 4, I demonstrate that the association between the educational expectations of teachers and the degree attainment of students remains strong and robust under the dramatic changes in the labor market. In chapter 5, I extend existing research by showing the relationship between teachers’ educational expectations and students’ employment and wages in midlife, and potential gender variations in the relationship. In chapter 6, I present the theoretical and policy implications of the findings in this dissertation, along with potential future directions.
Organic Farming in India: Catalysts that Can Help in Transition
Creators: name: Manjula, M.
name: Devi, P. Indira
name: Manjula, M.
name: Devi, P. Indira
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Organic Farming
subject: Economic Incentives
subject: Market Based Instruments
subject: PES
subject: Sustainability

description: Organic farming has been receiving policy support from both the central and state governments in India since 2005. The shift in policy thrust from conventional chemical-input based farming to organic farming comes as a response to the sustainability concerns surrounding Indian agriculture. Despite this, organic farming remains niche, with less than 2% of the net sown area in the country under organic production. This paper suggests market-based instruments—which have been successful in inducing changes in farming practices in some countries across the globe—as complementary policy mechanisms for catalysing the transition to organic farming in India.
title: Effects of Physical Activity and Religiosity on Psychophysiological Reactivity in an Aging Population
Creators: name: Benson, Tera L. Lensegrav
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2002

description: Physical activity is known to offer health benefits. Additionally, research has linked religious involvement with health. Psychophysiological reactivity has links to coronary heart disease. This study examines the relationship between physical activity and religiosity in light of psychophysiological reactivity. The sample included 75 subjects, with a mean age of 71. 7 (SD = 6.11 ), with no history of cardiac incident. Religiosity was measured with the Religious Orientation Scale (ROS). Physical activity was assessed utilizing the Typical Week Physical Activity Scale. Psychophysiological reactivity was measured by blood pressure, heart rate, and self-report anger ratings in response to interpersonal challenge. Regression predicting reactivity, including ROS, total metabolic equivalence (MET) minutes, and interaction of the two resulted in significant prediction of systolic blood pressure change, F (3, 74) = 3.33, p = .024. Analyses suggest relationships between reactivity and religiosity are not mediated by physical activity. Indicating ROS may operate more influentially over prohibited than proactive behaviors.
title: Responding to Crises in the Public Schools: A Survey of School Psychologists' Experiences and Perceptions
Creators: name: Adamson, Austin Douglas
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2003

description: A survey was created and mailed to 500 school psychologists randomly selected from the National Association of School Psychologists' membership lists. The final sample consisted of 228 school psychologists working at least half-time in a school setting. The survey's purpose was to gather information from school psychologists on their perspectives on crisis training and on crises experienced by public schools, as well as what schools have for crisis plans/teams, and what they do for crisis response.
Nearly all of the participants (98.2%) reported that they had some type of crisis intervention training. The majority of respondents indicated that their schools had both crisis plans (95.1%) and teams (83.6%). Most of the participants reported that their schqols have experienced and responded to serious crises. Respondents indicated that lll psychological debriefing was being used by the majority of schools (67%). Many participants suggested that additional training and practice would improve schools' crisis responses.
title: Disruptive Behaviors in Early Childhood: The Role of Parent Discipline and Parent Stress
Creators: name: Ehrlick, Angela L.W.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2002

description: Externalizing behavior problems during early childhood are fairly common, with approximately 10% to 15% of young children exhibiting at least mild to moderate disruptive behaviors. Of great significance, disruptive behaviors persist beyond early childhood for a substantial number of children and are related to impaired functioning 111 for children and families. Parent discipline and parent stress are two variables that have been examined in relation to children's disruptive behaviors. While a significant body of research has documented the association between broad parental discipline strategies and behavior problems during early childhood, little research attention has been devoted to specific discipline techniques that may be related to disruptive behaviors. This study surveyed 30 parents of children with behavior problems and 57 parents of children without behavior problems about the discipline techniques they use with their preschool children. The relationships between the specific techniques parents use with their young children, parents' perceived stress level, and parent-reported child behavior problems were examined. Telling the child "no," corrective feedback, lecturing, and scolding were the discipline techniques parents reported using most often. The discipline techniques of corrective feedback and threats as well as parent stress emerged as significant predictors of disruptive behaviors. Conclusions and clinical implications of these findings are provided.
title: Parents' and Teachers' Acceptability of Treatments for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: The Effects of Presentation and Information Delivery
Creators: name: Gage, Jason Donald
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2002

description: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most frequently diagnosed problems affecting school-age children. This disorder can cause significant problems for children who consequently need treatment. Consumers of interventions for ADHD have efficacious treatments to choose from, but such treatment may not be implemented appropriately and effectiveness may decrease. Viewing treatments as 111 acceptable can affect treatment integrity and in turn increase effectiveness. Therefore, it is important that professionals understand how to increase the acceptability of treatments when first presenting treatment options to consumers. The primary purpose of this study was to determine if presenting parents and teachers with additional information about treatment options (behavioral therapy, medications, combination of both), beyond that of only providing treatment descriptions, would increase their treatment acceptability. Results showed that providing a rationale for treatment increased parents' acceptability for treatments involving medications, but not for behavioral treatments. This effect for how treatments were presented was not found among teachers. The results also suggest that parents and teachers differ in how acceptable they viewed some of these treatments. While parents rated the behavioral intervention as more acceptable than teachers, teachers rated the combination intervention as more acceptable than did parents. The results also indicate that consumers, especially parents, viewed the acceptability of these three treatment options differently, but that these effects interact with the amount and kind of information that the practitioners present to them. Specifically among parents, those who only received a description of the interventions rated the behavioral intervention as more acceptable than the combination intervention. However, there was no longer a significant difference in acceptability ratings of these two treatment options when rationales were provided along with treatment descriptions.
title: An Investigation of the Prevalence and Nature of Child Sexual Abuse Among the Deaf Population
Creators: name: Hester, Rachelle
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2002

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence rates and effects of child sexual abuse in both deaf and hearing individuals living in Utah. A total of 104 deaf and 69 hearing individuals responded to the survey. The survey inquired about participants' experiences with sexual abuse and their mental health status.
The difference in rates of abuse between the two groups was not statistically significant. However, deaf individuals tended to be abused more often than hearing individuals. Deaf victims also experienced more severe forms of abuse and were abused more frequently than hearing victims. However, hearing victims experienced the use of force during abuse more often than deaf victims. The difference in mental health status between the deaf and hearing groups was not statistically significantly different. However, the difference between the total deaf group and the total hearing group was statistically significant, the deaf group reporting more problems than the hearing group.
The effectiveness of mother-led infant massage on symptoms of maternal postnatal depression: A systematic review
Creators: name: Geary, Orla
name: GREALISH, ANNMARIE
name: BRIGHT, ANN-MARIE
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Introduction Postnatal depression is a significant public health issue which may escalate and lead to adverse outcomes for women, infants, their family and the wider society. The aim of this review was to examine the effectiveness and experiences of mother-led infant massage on symptoms of maternal postnatal depression and to synthesise these findings to inform policy, practice and further research. Methods A systematic search of five academic databases was conducted: CINAHL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Allied and Complementary Medicine Database in February 2023 with no date or geographic limiters set owing to the paucity of research on this subject area. Quality appraisal was undertaken using the Joanna Briggs Institute quality appraisal tools and all included RCT’s were assessed separately using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Narrative synthesis was used to analyse the data. Findings A total of (n = 323) studies were returned of which (n = 8) met the inclusion criteria for the review. This review identified a total sampling of (n = 521) women with maternal postnatal depression. The results are presented under three themes: 1) the effectiveness of mother-led infant massage on symptoms of postnatal depression; 2) women’s experiences of mother-led infant massage; and 3) the effects of mother-led infant massage on the mother-infant relationship. Discussion The review highlights women who used infant massage displayed a reduction in symptoms of postnatal depression, improved mother-infant interactions and improved self-efficacy in addition to benefits for infants. Public Health Nurse/Community Midwife-led infant massage may help to relieve such symptoms and empower women.
title: Effects of competence-based sustainable entrepreneurship education on secondary school students’ sustainable entrepreneurial intention
Creators: name: Diepolder, Charlotte
name: Huwer, Johannes
name: Weitzel, Holger
Publisher: name: Publikationsserver der Pädagogischen Hochschule Thurgau
Year: 2025
Subjects: Sustainable entrepreneurship education
Education for sustainable development
Competence
Intention
Role models
Gender

description: Sustainable entrepreneurship is crucial for promoting economic growth while addressing environmental and social challenges to advance sustainable development. Sustainable entrepreneurs are driven by their intention to solve these sustainability challenges through entrepreneurial means. In higher education, sustainable entrepreneurship education is recognized as a driver of sustainable entrepreneurial intention and related antecedents, such as the attitude toward sustainable entrepreneurship. Based on the theory of planned behavior, this study aims to examine the impact of competence-based sustainable entrepreneurship education on secondary students’ sustainable entrepreneurial intention and its antecedents. Additionally, the effect of the commonly studied background factors ‘gender’ and ‘exposure to sustainable entrepreneurial role models’ is explored. A controlled pre-post research design was employed between April and May 2023 to assess changes in dependent variables. Data were collected via a questionnaire from 169 students participating in sustainable entrepreneurship interventions in Southern Germany. The findings indicate that sustainable entrepreneurship education has a significant positive effect on secondary school students’ sustainable entrepreneurial intention, attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control. The effect of the intervention on sustainable entrepreneurial intention, attitude, and perceived behavioral control is consistent across participants’ genders. Sustainable entrepreneurial role models did not significantly influence the measured constructs. These results support the implementation of sustainable entrepreneurship education already into secondary school curricula, demonstrating its potential to enhance students' sustainable entrepreneurial intention and related antecedents. This study contributes to the theoretical understanding of sustainable entrepreneurial intention formation and offers insights for educators and policymakers aiming to foster sustainable entrepreneurial intention among youth.
description: Sustainable Technology and Entrepreneurship, no. 4
Automated Household Devices Control System
Creators: name: Okonkwo, Ngozi Ukamaka
name: Simon, Chinonso
Publisher: name: International Conference on Computer Applications
Year: 2023

description: The Automated Household Devices Control System represents a cutting-edge solution designed to enhance the efficiency, convenience, and sustainability of modern living. This innovative system integrates smart technologies to automate the control and management of various household devices, creating a seamless and interconnected environment. Through the use of sensors, actuators, and intelligent algorithms, the system facilitates real-time monitoring and remote control of appliances, lighting, heating, ventilation, and other essential components of the household.

The key features of the Automated Household Devices Control System include user-friendly interfaces, customizable settings, and adaptive learning mechanisms that optimize energy consumption and contribute to overall resource efficiency. The system leverages the Internet of Things (IoT) to establish a network among devices, enabling communication and coordination for synchronized and harmonized operation. Machine learning algorithms enable the system to adapt to user preferences, anticipate needs, and optimize energy usage patterns over time.

This abstract highlights the potential benefits of increased energy efficiency, reduced environmental impact, and enhanced user convenience, positioning the Automated Household Devices Control System as a pivotal advancement in smart home technology. As the world continues to prioritize sustainable living and technological integration, this system emerges as a compelling solution for households seeking to embrace the era of automation for a more intelligent and connected lifestyle.
title: The Effects of a School-Wide Peer-Administered Praise Intervention on Student Problem Behavior
Creators: name: Brent, Meredith L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2003

description: This study evaluated the effects of a peer-administered positive behavioral support intervention on a school-wide problem behavior. Utilizing the differential reinforcement of incompatible behaviors method (DRl), peer monitors praised incidences of walking in order to decrease incidences of running in the hallway. A multiple baseline design across two hallway settings was used to evaluate the effect of peer monitors administering verbal praise and praise notes to students who demonstrated the desired behavior, walking. A lottery drawing in which recipients of praise notes received small prizes was conducted at the end of each week during the treatment phase. Results indicated that incidences of running significantly decreased following implementation of the peer-administered positive behavioral support intervention in both settings. In addition, a maintenance phase suggested that treatment effects were maintained when the peer-administered intervention was withdrawn in the two hallway settings. Results were socially validated by teachers who indicated that they were generally satisfied with the intervention four weeks after termination of the treatment phase. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Chandrasekhar-Clogston limit and phase separation in Fermi mixtures at Unitarity
Creators: name: Bausmerth, I.
name: Recati, A.
name: Stringari, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using many-body results available from diagrammatic and {\it ab initio} Monte Carlo calculations we analyze the phase diagram $μ=(μ_{\uparrow}+μ_{\downarrow})/2$ versus $h=(μ_{\uparrow}-μ_{\downarrow})/2$ of a unitary Fermi gas at zero temperature with population imbalance and unequal masses. We identify different regions where the gas is superfluid, partially polarized or fully polarized and determine the corresponding coexistence conditions. The asymmetry in the phase diagram, caused by the mass imbalance, and its effect on the Chandrasekhar-Clogston limit for the critical polarization are explicitly discussed. The equation of state of the superfluid and normal phases is employed, within the local density approximation, to predict novel phase separated configurations in the presence of harmonic trapping potentials.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures; comments added according to referee report; version as published
A non-singular universe with vacuum energy
Creators: name: Altaie, M. B.
name: Al-Ahmad, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a model for the universe based on the existence of quantum fields at finite temperature in the background of Robertson-Walker spacetime in presence of a non-zero cosmological constant. We discuss the vacuum regime in the light of the results obtained through previous studies of the back-reaction of massless quantum fields in the static Einstein universe, and we argue that an adiabatic vacuum state and thermal equilibrium is achieved throughout this regime. Results shows that such a model can explain many features of the early universe as well as the present universe. The model is free from the basic problems of the standard Friedmann cosmology, and is non-singular but involves a continuous creation of energy at a rate proportional to the size of the universe, which is lower than that suggested by the steady-state cosmology.
description: 28 pages, 4 figures
Isolation and characterization of some bacteria antagonistic to plant pathogenic fungi
Creators: name: Oedjijono,
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Bacteria antagonistic to plant pathogenic fungi were isolated from various sources and tested for their ability to inhibit fungi or protect plants in vitro, in the glasshouse and in a field trial. Five strains of bacterial antagonists were isolated from daisy roots (Bacillus polymyxa UTl), decomposing woodchips (B. subtilis UT2), clary sage roots (Pseudomonas cepacia UT3 and P. putida UT4) and from white clover roots (Acinetobacter sp. UT5). In vitro, the degree of inhibition of fungi by the five antagonists varied, with strain UT3 showing antagonism to all fungal pathogens (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; S. minor; Botrytis cinerea; Pythium ultimum; Fusarium solani; Phytophthora cinnamomi; P. cactorum; Gaeumannomyces graminis; and Penicillium echinulatum) tested. The action of the antagonists depended on the media used. Isolates of UTl and UT3 were inhibitory to the fungi on both PDA and KBM; the other strains were only inhibitory on PDA. Antifungal compounds produced by the antagonists were thought to be responsible for inhibiting the pathogens rather than ferric-siderophores, as addition of iron to the media did not affect the inhibitory activity of the antagonists. The antagonists (strains UTl, UT2, UJ\3 UT4 and NIR-6 of P. putida) significantly reduced wheat take-all disease in an axenic sand assay with isolate UT3 (P. cepacia) showing the most inhibition to the pathogen. The antagonists maintained their viability and ability to protect the wheat roots after 3 weeks of the assay. In the glasshouse the five antagonists (strains UTl to UT5) reduced lettuce (La.ctuca sativa) drop caused by either Sclerotinia sclerotiorum or S. minor compared with their controls after 10 weeks growth. In the field however the antagonists did not significantly protect daisy (Olearia phlogopappa) plants from the root rot disease caused by Pythium sp.. Metabolites produced by strains UTl and UT3 were inhibitory to several fungi in vitro. Strain UT3 of P. cepacia produced two types of antibiotic designated A and B. Compound A (the main inhibitor) was inhibitory to both fungi and bacteria tested while compound B (the minor inhibitor) was only inhibitory to the bacteria. The main compound had an Rp 0.40 and the minor had an Rp 0.87 on silica gel following development in a chloroform-methanol (7:3) solvent system. Both had very similar retention times (between 20 and 22 minutes) following separation by C1g reversed phase HPLC and elution with 0- 100% methanol containing 0.1 % trifluoroacetic acid. Both antibiotics were thermostable and resistant to acidic and alkaline treatments. Proton NMR indicated that the compound A may be an aromatic molecule but further characterization was not possible due to incomplete purification."
title: Factors That Influence the College Attendance Decisions of Appalachian Students
Creators: name: Chenoweth, Erica
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2003

description: The current study sought to examine the factors that influence the decisions of lll Appalachian high school students regarding college attendance. Using Bronfenbrenner' s ecological systems theory of human development (1986) as a theoretical basis, direct and indirect influences of environmental factors upon the academic aspirations of Appalachian youth were examined using survey methodology. Results indicated that predictors of college attendance for Appalachian students are not significantly different from those of students elsewhere. Variables reflective of individual academic preparation were most salient in predicting college aspirations for both males and females. Other important predictors included parent education, parent occupation, and socioeconomic status. Several analyses suggested that family and peer influences may be more salient for male students than female students. Implications of the results for educators and clinicians working with Appalachian youth were discussed.