cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electrical Switching in Metallic Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Son, Young-Woo
name: Ihm, Jisoon
name: Cohen, Marvin L.
name: Louie, Steven G.
name: Choi, Hyoung Joon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first-principles calculations of quantum transport which show that the resistance of metallic carbon nanotubes can be changed dramatically with homogeneous transverse electric fields if the nanotubes have impurities or defects. The change of the resistance is predicted to range over more than two orders of magnitude with experimentally attainable electric fields. This novel property has its origin that backscattering of conduction electrons by impurities or defects in the nanotubes is strongly dependent on the strength and/or direction of the applied electric fields. We expect this property to open a path to new device applications of metallic carbon nanotubes.
description: 4 pages and 4 figures
All exact Borel subalgebras and all directed bocses are normal
Creators: name: Conde, Teresa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recently, Brzeziński, Koenig and Külshammer have introduced the notion of normal exact Borel subalgebra of a quasihereditary algebra. They have shown that there exists a one-to-one correspondence between normal directed bocses and quasihereditary algebras with a normal and homological exact Borel subalgebra. In this short note, we prove that every exact Borel subalgebra is automatically normal. As a corollary, we conclude that every directed bocs has a group-like element. These results simplify Brzeziński, Koenig and Külshammer's bijection.
description: 6 pages; v2: added Remark 2.3 and condition (4) in Definition 2.2
Modern tests of Lorentz invariance
Creators: name: Mattingly, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by ideas about quantum gravity, a tremendous amount of effort over the past decade has gone into testing Lorentz invariance in various regimes. This review summarizes both the theoretical frameworks for tests of Lorentz invariance and experimental advances that have made new high precision tests possible. The current constraints on Lorentz violating effects from both terrestrial experiments and astrophysical observations are presented.
description: Modified and expanded discussions of various points. Numerous references added. Version matches that accepted by Living Reviews in Relativity
Ownership Risk, Investment, and the Use of Natural Resources
Creators: name: Bohn, Henning
name: Deacon, Robert T.
name: Bohn, Henning
name: Deacon, Robert T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: ownership security
subject: investment
subject: resource conservation

description: The effect of insecure ownership on ordinary investment and on the exploitation of natural resources is examined. Insecure ownership is characterized as a positive probability that a typical asset or its future return will be confiscated. For empirical analysis, the probability of confiscation is modeled as a function of observable political attributes of countries, principally the type of government regime in power (democratic versus nondemocratic) and the prevalence of political violence or instability. A general index of ownership security is estimated from the political determinants of economy wide investment rates, and then introduced into models of petroleum and forest use. Ownership risk is found to have a significant, and quantitatively important effect. Empirically, increases in ownership risk are associated with reductions in forest cover and with slower rates of petroleum exploration. Contrary to conventional wisdom, greater ownership risk tends to slow rates of petroleum extraction, apparently because the extraction process is capital intensive.
Radio spectral properties and the magnetic field of the SNR S147
Creators: name: Xiao, L.
name: Fürst, E.
name: Reich, W.
name: Han, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) S147 is a large faint shell-type supernova remnant (SNR). Its remarkable spectral break at cm-wavelengths is an important physical property to characterize the SNR evolution. However, the spectral break is based on radio observations with limited precision. We made new radio continuum and polarization observations of S147 at 11cm and at 6cm with the Effelsberg 100-m telescope and the Urumqi 25-m telescope, respectively. These new data were combined with published lower frequency data from the Effelsberg 100-m telescope and very high frequency data from WMAP to investigate the spectral turnover and polarization properties of S147. S147 consists of numerous filaments embedded in diffuse emission. We found that the integrated flux densities of S147 are 34.8+/-4.0 Jy at 11cm and 15.4+/-3.0Jy at 6cm. These new measurements confirm the known spectral turnover at ~1.5GHz, which can be entirely attributed to the diffuse emission component. The spectral index above the turnover is -1.35+/-0.20. The filamentary emission component has a constant spectral index over the entire wavelength range up to 40.7GHz of -0.35+/-0.15. The weak polarized emission of S147 is at the same level as the ambient diffuse Galactic polarization. The rotation measure of the eastern filamentary shell is about -70 rad/m2. The filamentary and diffuse emission components of S147 have different physical properties, which make S147 outstanding among shell type SNRs.The weak polarization of S147 at 11cm and at 6cm can be attributed to a section of the S147 shell showing a tangential magnetic field direction.
description: 11 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, the resolution of some figures have been reduced. For high resolution version, see ftp://ftp.mpifr-bonn.mpg.de/outgoing/p098wre/xiao-etal.pdf,revised following the language editor
On Initial Pools for Deep Active Learning
Creators: name: Chandra, Akshay L
name: Desai, Sai Vikas
name: Devaguptapu, Chaitanya
name: Balasubramanian, Vineeth N
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Active Learning (AL) techniques aim to minimize the training data required to train a model for a given task. Pool-based AL techniques start with a small initial labeled pool and then iteratively pick batches of the most informative samples for labeling. Generally, the initial pool is sampled randomly and labeled to seed the AL iterations. While recent studies have focused on evaluating the robustness of various query functions in AL, little to no attention has been given to the design of the initial labeled pool for deep active learning. Given the recent successes of learning representations in self-supervised/unsupervised ways, we study if an intelligently sampled initial labeled pool can improve deep AL performance. We investigate the effect of intelligently sampled initial labeled pools, including the use of self-supervised and unsupervised strategies, on deep AL methods. The setup, hypotheses, methodology, and implementation details were evaluated by peer review before experiments were conducted. Experimental results could not conclusively prove that intelligently sampled initial pools are better for AL than random initial pools in the long run, although a Variational Autoencoder-based initial pool sampling strategy showed interesting trends that merit deeper investigation.
description: Accepted at NeurIPS 2020 Preregistration Workshop and included in PMLR v148. 19 pages, 9 figures
title: Ð­Ð½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÐÐ¢Ð£ Ð¼Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð½Ð° Ð±Ð°Ð·Ðµ Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð³Ð°ÑÐµÐ»Ñ
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Low-power energy gtu based on an aircraft engine
Creators: name: ÐÐ°Ð¹ÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð°, ÐÐ½Ð°ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2024
Subjects: ÐÐ°Ð·Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð³Ð°ÑÐµÐ»Ð¸
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ÐÐ¸ÑÑÑÐ·Ð¾ÑÑ
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conversion
pressure recovery coefficient
output path

description: Ð Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¾ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð³Ð°Ð·Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð³Ð°ÑÐµÐ»Ñ ÐÐ-24 Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ 2 ÐÐÑ, Ð² Ð½Ð°Ð·ÐµÐ¼Ð½ÑÑ ÐÐ¢Ð£ Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ 4 ÐÐÑ. ÐÐ¸Ð¿Ð»Ð¾Ð¼Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð²ÐºÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÐµÑÑÑ Ð² ÑÐµÐ±Ñ Ð²Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ, ÑÑÐ¸ Ð³Ð»Ð°Ð²Ñ Ð¸ Ð·Ð°ÐºÐ»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ. Ð ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ñ: ÑÐµÐ¿Ð»Ð¾Ð²ÑÐµ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÑ ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ»Ð° ÐÐ¢Ð; Ð³Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÐµÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ°; ÑÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½Ñ; ÑÐ¸ÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÐºÐ° Ð² Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÐºÐ° Ð²ÑÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð±Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ° Â«Ð¡ÑÑÐ¿ÐµÐ½Ñ â ÐÐ¸ÑÑÑÐ·Ð¾ÑÂ».
description: In this final qualifying work, the conversion of the AI-24 turboprop aviation gas turbine engine with a capacity of 2 MW was performed into a ground-based GTU with a capacity of 4 MW. The thesis includes an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion. The work includes thermal calculations of the GTD cycle; gas dynamic calculations of the compressor; turbines; numerical simulation of the flow in the flow part of the output unit "Stage â Diffuser".
Neurosurgical applications of tractography in the UK
Creators: name: Toescu, Sebastian M.
name: Hales, Patrick W.
name: Tisdall, Martin M.
name: Aquilina, Kristian
name: Clark, Christopher A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Tractography derived from diffusion MRI can provide important insights into human brain microstructure in vivo. Neurosurgeons were quick to adopt the technique at the turn of the century, but it remains plagued by technical fallibilities. This study aims to describe how tractography is deployed clinically in a modern-day, public healthcare system, serving as a snapshot from the ‘shop floor’ of British neurosurgical practice. An 11-question survey was circulated to the mailing lists of the Society of British Neurological Surgeons and British Neurosurgical Trainees’ Association, including questions on frequency, indication, tracts reconstructed, specific details of techniques used and personnel by whom it was performed, and a free-text section on the limitations of tractography. 58 survey responses were received, covering all 40 neurosurgical units in the UK and Ireland. Overall, responses were received from neurosurgeons at 36 units (90.0%) stating tractography was in use at that unit. 74.1% of the responses were from Consultants. The most common indication for tractography was in tumour resection. It was most commonly performed by neuroradiologists or imaging scientists. 75.9% of respondents stated that the model used to process tractography was the diffusion tensor (DTI). Many respondents were unaware of which algorithm (74.1%) or software tools (65.6%) were used by the operator to produce tractography visualisations. The corticospinal tract was the most commonly reconstructed tract. The most commonly cited limitations of the technique were perceived inaccuracy and brain shift. In this UK-based survey of practising neurosurgeons, we show that 90% of neurosurgical units in the UK and Ireland use tractography regularly; that predominantly DTI-based reconstructions are used; that tumour resection remains the most frequent use of the technique; and that large tracts such as the corticospinal tract are most frequently identified. Many neurosurgeons remain unfamiliar with the underlying methods used to produce tractography visualisations.
Lower bounds on the absorption probability of beam splitters
Creators: name: Scheel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a lower limit to the amount of absorptive loss present in passive linear optical devices such as a beam splitter. We choose a particularly simple beam splitter geometry, a single planar slab surrounded by vacuum, which already reveals the important features of the theory. It is shown that, using general causality requirements and statistical arguments, the lower bound depends on the frequency of the incident light and the transverse resonance frequency of a suitably chosen single-resonance model only. For symmetric beam splitters and reasonable assumptions on the resonance frequency $ω_T$, the lower absorption bound is $p_{\min}\approx 10^{-6}(ω/ω_T)^4$.
description: 4 pages, 2 eps figures, typeset using RevTeX4
Texts 6
Creators: name: Brown, Nellie
name: Crawford, Judith G.
name: Drennon, Duane
name: Martin, Robert
name: Van Fleet, Emmett
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: mov
subject: Mojave language

description: Twelfth of 14 Yuman field notebooks. Front cover has note: "Texts 6 (EVF) pgs 1-50, Book 8 pp. 50-120"
Environmental Management in the Russian Federation: A Next Generation Enigma
Creators: name: Wernstedt, Kris
name: Wernstedt, Kris
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Russia
subject: environmental management
subject: non-governmental organizations
subject: water quality
subject: Siberia
subject: transitioning countries
subject: next-generation environmental policies

description: Environmental managers in Russia face severe problems, both from Soviet-era and continuing environmental degradation and due to the weakness of current institutions with responsibilities for environmental protection. This paper draws on surveys, a case study of water pollution, and workshops on Russian environmental decision-making to explore prospects for environmental improvements. Using concepts from the regulatory reform literature on next-generation environmental policies, it focuses on the use of market incentives, the construction of a civil society, and community involvement, and emphasizes that Russian nongovernmental organizations may have a particularly important role to play in improving environmental management. Solidifying their legal base, coalition-building skills, and capability to conduct independent, pragmatic policy analyses would enhance their contribution.
Numerical study of oscillatory regimes in the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation
Creators: name: Klein, C.
name: Markowich, P.
name: Sparber, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37K10, 35Q53, 34E05, 35Q55

description: The aim of this paper is the accurate numerical study of the KP equation. In particular we are concerned with the small dispersion limit of this model, where no comprehensive analytical description exists so far. To this end we first study a similar highly oscillatory regime for asymptotically small solutions, which can be described via the Davey-Stewartson system. In a second step we investigate numerically the small dispersion limit of the KP model in the case of large amplitudes. Similarities and differences to the much better studied Korteweg-de Vries situation are discussed as well as the dependence of the limit on the additional transverse coordinate.
description: 39 pages, 36 figures (high resolution figures at http://www.mis.mpg.de/preprints/index.html)
Low-density limit of dynamical correlations in the Lieb-Liniger model
Creators: name: Granet, Etienne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive explicit expressions for dynamical correlations of the field and density operators in the Lieb-Liniger model, within an arbitrary eigenstate with a small particle density ${\cal D}$. They are valid for all space and time and any interaction strength $c>0$, and are the leading order of an expansion in ${\cal D}$. This expansion is obtained by writing the correlation functions as sums over form factors when formally decomposed into partial fractions.
description: 30 pages
Neutron Transversity at Jefferson Lab
Creators: name: Chen, J. P.
name: Jiang, X.
name: Peng, J. -C.
name: Zhu, L.
name: Collaboration, for JLab Hall A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nucleon transversity and single transverse spin asymmetries have been the recent focus of large efforts by both theorists and experimentalists. On-going and planned experiments from HERMES, COMPASS and RHIC are mostly on the proton or the deuteron. Presented here is a planned measurement of the neutron transversity and single target spin asymmetries at Jefferson Lab in Hall A using a transversely polarized $^3$He target. Also presented are the results and plans of other neutron transverse spin experiments at Jefferson Lab. Finally, the factorization for semi-inclusive DIS studies at Jefferson Lab is discussed.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, proceedings of Como Transversity05 Workshop
Analysis of the economic risks caused by environmental issues in large infrastructure projects
Creators: name: De Zoysa, Garumuni Niranjan Sanjaya
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The objectives of the research described in the thesis are the identification and characterization of environmental issues associated with large infrastructure projects which affect the project's economic performance, and the development of a framework that will enable the analysis of the uncertainty in project economic variables caused by such issues. The focus of the research is on the natural environment. The risk analysis framework is developed with the aim of enabling project proponents and other stakeholders to identify, characterize and quantify environmental risks during the project appraisal stage. The risk identification process is based on the use of an extendable checklist or register of probable risks. This risk register acts as the starting point of the identification process, as well as a knowledge base that can be utilized on projects of a similar nature. The risks are categorized into 4 types based on the effect of environmental issues on project work packages. The categorization allows the selection of a suitable quantification method for the risks. Monte Carlo simulation and influence diagrams are employed in developing the quantification methods for the four risk types. Quantification of the economic variables is carried out by considering them in terms of their decomposed primary variables. Adjustment coefficients that represent the effect of external uncertainties are utilized in quantifying the cost and duration uncertainty of work packages subject to external uncertainty factors. Influence diagrams are used both to represent, and as an aid to quantifying such external uncertainty factors. The Pearson family of frequency curves is used to characterize the input distributions to the quantification process while the rank correlations between the primary variables are evaluated by considering their transformations into uniform variables on the unit interval [0,1]. A parameter of the joint distribution between the transformed variables is used to assess the rank correlation coefficient. The information elicitation process developed to obtain the information required for the quantification process makes use of decomposition, the use of directed questions, and appropriate feedback to elicit information of high quality from experts. The uncertainty associated with the economic variables is represented in a form suitable for incorporation into the overall project decision making process. This final output of the framework should help to enable the effective appraisal of the risks posed by environmental issues to the economic performance of the project.
Classical variational simulation of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm
Creators: name: Medvidovic, Matija
name: Carleo, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A key open question in quantum computing is whether quantum algorithms can potentially offer a significant advantage over classical algorithms for tasks of practical interest. Understanding the limits of classical computing in simulating quantum systems is an important component of addressing this question. We introduce a method to simulate layered quantum circuits consisting of parametrized gates, an architecture behind many variational quantum algorithms suitable for near-term quantum computers. A neural-network parametrization of the many-qubit wave function is used, focusing on states relevant for the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). For the largest circuits simulated, we reach 54 qubits at 4 QAOA layers, approximately implementing 324 RZZ gates and 216 RX gates without requiring large-scale computational resources. For larger systems, our approach can be used to provide accurate QAOA simulations at previously unexplored parameter values and to benchmark the next generation of experiments in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Combining Rate-Based and Cap-and-Trade Emissions Policies
Creators: name: Fischer, Carolyn
name: Fischer, Carolyn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: emissions trading
subject: permit allocation
subject: tradable performance standards
subject: climate
subject: greenhouse gases

description: Rate-based emissions policies (like tradable performance standards) fix average emissions intensity, while cap-and-trade policies fix total emissions. This paper shows that unfettered trade between rate-based and cap-and-trade programs always raises combined emissions, except when product markets are related in particular ways. Gains from trade are fully passed on to consumers in the rate-based sector, resulting in more output and greater emissions allocations. We consider a range of policy options to offset the expansion, including unilateral ones when jurisdictional differences require. The cap-and-trade jurisdiction could impose an "exchange rate" to adjust for relative permit values, but marginal abatement cost equalization is sacrificed. Still, that jurisdiction may prefer adjusted trade over tightening their own cap, which transfers away rents. Although the rate-based sector would have to implement the switch to output-based allocation of a cap, its surplus would be higher than with adjusted trade, which is also preferred to no trade. The cap-and-trade sector would also be better off. Thus, a range of combinations of tighter allocations could improve situations in both sectors with trade, while holding emissions constant.
Diamond magnetometry and gradiometry towards subpicotesla DC field measurement
Creators: name: Zhang, Chen
name: Shagieva, Farida
name: Widmann, Matthias
name: Kuebler, Michael
name: Vorobyov, Vadim
name: Kapitanova, Polina
name: Nenasheva, Elizaveta
name: Corkill, Ruth
name: Roehrle, Oliver
name: Nakamura, Kazuo
name: Sumiya, Hitoshi
name: Onoda, Shinobu
name: Isoya, Junichi
name: Wrachtrup, Joerg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond have developed into a powerful solid-state platform for compact quantum sensors. However, high sensitivity measurements usually come with additional constraints on the pumping intensity of the laser and the pulse control applied. Here, we demonstrate high sensitivity NV ensemble based magnetic field measurements with low-intensity optical excitation. DC magnetometry methods like, e.g., continuous-wave optically detected magnetic resonance and continuously excited Ramsey measurements combined with lock-in detection, are compared to get an optimization. Gradiometry is also investigated as a step towards unshielded measurements of unknown gradients. The magnetometer demonstrates a minimum detectable field of 0.3-0.7 pT in a 73 s measurement by further applying a flux guide with a sensing dimension of 2 mm, corresponding to a magnetic field sensitivity of 2.6-6 pT/Hz^0.5. Combined with our previous efforts on the diamond AC magnetometry, the diamond magnetometer is promising to perform wide bandwidth magnetometry with picotesla sensitivity and a cubic-millimeter sensing volume under ambient conditions.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures
Smooth triaxial weaving with naturally curved ribbons
Creators: name: Baek, Changyeob
name: Martin, Alison G.
name: Poincloux, Samuel
name: Chen, Tian
name: Reis, Pedro M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Triaxial weaving is a handicraft technique that has long been used to create curved structures using initially straight and flat ribbons. Weavers typically introduce discrete topological defects to produce nonzero Gaussian curvature, albeit with faceted surfaces. We demonstrate that, by tuning the in-plane curvature of the ribbons, the integrated Gaussian curvature of the weave can be varied continuously, which is not feasible using traditional techniques. Further, we reveal that the shape of the physical unit cells is dictated solely by the in-plane geometry of the ribbons, not elasticity. Finally, we leverage the geometry-driven nature of triaxial weaving to design a set of ribbon profiles to weave smooth spherical, ellipsoidal, and toroidal structures.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures; Supplementary information provided
Revealing chemical heterogeneity in surface layer of tooling alloy by collaborative imaging using synchrotron X-ray techniques
Creators: name: Pan, Jinshan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Chemical state of surface layer including native oxide film (nm in thickness) and underlying metal layer of advanced alloys determines their corrosion resistance and mechanical property, which are crucial for the applications. Usually X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is used for chemical analysis of the surface film, However, to reveal the heterogeneity in the passive film remains a challenge in corrosion science [1]. Earlier, we utilized synchrotron hard X-ray photoelectron emission microscopy (HAXPEEM) and spectroscopy (HAXPES) to analyze the oxide film on a super duplex stainless steel, the results revealed lateral variation of the film with a lateral resolution of 0.5 µm [2, 3]. Tooling alloys contain hard phases and precipitates, i.e., micro- or nano-sized carbide and nitride particles in the microstructure. Cr in the alloy leads to formation of a protective oxide film on the surface, and heat treatments are used to form nitride particles to achieve desirable mechanical property. It is desirable to gain detailed information of the chemical state of the surface layer and the changes induced by the heat treatment and electrochemical polarization in order to optimize the performance of such alloy. Recently, we used HAXPEEM and HAXPES at P22 beamline of PETRA III to investigate the native oxide film on a new tooling alloy containing Cr- and V-nitrides instead of traditional carbides as hard phase particles. Moreover, at MAXIV, we used MAXPEEM beamline to perform micro-XAS measurement of the tooling alloy at ambient and elevated temperature, and HIPPIE beamline to perform ambient pressure XPS (APXPS) measurement of the sample with a thin electrolyte layer on the surface [4]. The aim of these measurements is to gain a detailed understanding of the correlation between the microstructure and the chemical state of the surface layer of the tooling alloy, especially the lateral variation in the composition of the passive film related to the precipitate Cr- and V- nitride particles in the microstructure, as well as the effect of tempering heat treatment and electrochemical anodic polarization. This presentation reports selected results from these synchrotron measurements of the tooling alloy. 

References[1] Maurice, V. and P. Marcus, Prog. Mater. Sci., 95 (2018) 132.[2] M. Långberg, et. al, Corro. Sci., 174 (2020) 108841.[3] M. Långberg, et. al, J. Electrochem. Soc., 166 (2019) C3336.[4] X. Yue, et. al, Corro. Sci., 214 (2023) 111018.
Inelastic collisions of ultra-cold heteronuclear molecules in an optical trap
Creators: name: Hudson, Eric R.
name: Gilfoy, Nathan B.
name: Kotochigova, Svetlana
name: Sage, Jeremy M.
name: DeMille, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-cold RbCs molecules in high-lying vibrational levels of the a$^3Σ^+$ ground electronic state are confined in an optical trap. Inelastic collision rates of these molecules with both Rb and Cs atoms are determined for individual vibrational levels, across an order of magnitude of binding energies. A simple model for the collision process is shown to accurately reproduce the observed scattering rates.
Αιθέρια Έλαια Ελληνικών Αρωματικών Φυτών – Μελέτη χημικής σύστασης και βιολογικής δράσης
Creators: name: Βαρδάκα, Ευδοκία Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2024
Subjects: Αιθέρια έλαια
Υδροαπόσταξη
Αεριοχρωματογραφία
Εssential oil
hydro-distillation
GC-MS

description: Σκοπός της διατριβής ήταν η μελέτη των παγιωμένων εκφράσεων της νεοελληνικής γλώσσας. Εξετάσαμε την ορολογία που χρησιμοποιείται για τις παγιωμένες εκφράσεις και τους ορισμούς που έχουν προταθεί. Στη συνέχεια παρουσιάσαμε αναλυτικά τα χαρακτηριστικά των παγιωμένων εκφράσεων, καθώς και τους περιορισμούς που ισχύουν όσον αφορά το λεξιλόγιο, τη γραμματική και τη σύνταξή τους. Ακόμη αναφερθήκαμε αναλυτικά στα μοντέλα κατανόησης των παγιωμένων εκφράσεων που έχουν προταθεί και μας απασχόλησε η κατανόηση των παγιωμένων εκφράσεων από τα παιδιά καθώς και η διδασκαλία τους σε ξενόγλωσσους. Ένα άλλο θέμα που θίξαμε ήταν η συγγραφή λεξικών παγιωμένων εκφράσεων και παρουσιάσαμε ορισμένα που έχουν γραφεί για την ελληνική. Ασχοληθήκαμε επιπλέον με την ιστορική διάσταση των παγιωμένων εκφράσεων της νέας ελληνικής και διαπιστώσαμε την παρουσία τους από την αρχαιότητα μέχρι σήμερα.
description: Eight cultivated aromatic plants were studied, hydrodistilled for 2 h and the obtained essential oil analyzed by GC-MS. After the identification, a comparative study was made of the color, quantity and individual components of the oils. From the study it was found that Mentha piperita has as main components eucalyptol, δ-isomenthone, methyl acetate, neo-methol neoisomenthol etc. Ingredients such as caryophyllene, neral, geranial, caryophyllene oxide carvacrol etc. were found in Melissa officinalis. The components carvacrol, p-cymene carvacrol etc. were found in Origanum dictamnus essential oil. In Echinacea, components were found in a large percentage germacrene D and to a lesser extent spathulenol, caryophyllene oxide, δ-cadinene, α-caryophyllene, β-caryophyllene, etc. In Matricaria chamomilla a large percentage of β-farnesene was found and to a lesser extent bisabolol oxide A, bisabolol oxide II, camazulene, α-bisabolol etc. In the essential oil of Aloysia citrodora, components were found in a large percentage of citral and in a smaller percentage of δ-limonene, eucalyptol, neroli aldehyde, α-curcumene, caryophyllene oxide, etc. In the essential oil of Sideritis scardica, components were found in a large percentage of α-cadinol, oleyl alcohol and to a lesser extent spathulenol, epiglobulol, β-linalool, 1-octanol, δ-cadinene etc. In Salvia officinalis, components were found in a large percentage of camphor, eucalyptol, 3-thujanone and to a lesser extent camphene, β-pinene, α-thujone etc. Also, the biological activity of the main constituents of the studied essential oils was predicted using the free online molinspiration database. This study was carried out in the Pharmacognosy laboratory, of the School of Pharmacy, A.U.Th.
Isospectral twirling and quantum chaos
Creators: name: Leone, Lorenzo
name: Oliviero, Salvatore F. E.
name: Hamma, Alioscia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the most important measures of quantum chaos like frame potentials, scrambling, Loschmidt echo, and out-of-time-order correlators (OTOCs) can be described by the unified framework of the isospectral twirling, namely the Haar average of a $k$-fold unitary channel. We show that such measures can then be always cast in the form of an expectation value of the isospectral twirling. In literature, quantum chaos is investigated sometimes through the spectrum and some other times through the eigenvectors of the Hamiltonian generating the dynamics. We show that, by exploiting random matrix theory, these measures of quantum chaos clearly distinguish the finite time profiles of probes to quantum chaos corresponding to chaotic spectra given by the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (GUE) from the integrable spectra given by Poisson distribution and the Gaussian Diagonal Ensemble (GDE). On the other hand, we show that the asymptotic values do depend on the eigenvectors of the Hamiltonian. We see that the isospectral twirling of Hamiltonians with eigenvectors stabilizer states does not possess chaotic features, unlike those Hamiltonians whose eigenvectors are taken from the Haar measure. As an example, OTOCs obtained with Clifford resources decay to higher values compared with universal resources. Finally, we show a crossover in the OTOC behavior between a class of integrable models and quantum chaos.
description: Updated version with several new results
Fully Complex Magnetoencephalography
Creators: name: Simon, Jonathan Z.
name: Wang, Yadong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Complex numbers appear naturally in biology whenever a system can be analyzed in the frequency domain, such as physiological data from magnetoencephalography (MEG). For example, the MEG steady state response to a modulated auditory stimulus generates a complex magnetic field for each MEG channel, equal to the Fourier transform at the stimulus modulation frequency. The complex nature of these data sets, often not taken advantage of, is fully exploited here with new methods. Whole-head, complex magnetic data can be used to estimate complex neural current sources, and standard methods of source estimation naturally generalize for complex sources. We show that a general complex neural vector source is described by its location, magnitude, and direction, but also by a phase and by an additional perpendicular component. We give natural interpretations of all the parameters for the complex equivalent-current dipole by linking them to the underlying neurophysiology. We demonstrate complex magnetic fields, and their equivalent fully complex current sources, with both simulations and experimental data.
description: 23 pages, 1 table, 5 figures; to appear in Journal of Neuroscience Methods
Determinants of Land-Use Change In the United States 1982-1997
Creators: name: Lubowski, Ruben N.
name: Plantinga, Andrew J.
name: Stavins, Robert N.
name: Lubowski, Ruben N.
name: Plantinga, Andrew J.
name: Stavins, Robert N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: land use
subject: econometric model
subject: counterfactual simulation
subject: Conservation Reserve Program (CRP)

description: Changes in the use of land in the United States produce significant economic and environmental effects with important implications for a wide variety of policy issues, including protection of wildlife habitat, management of urban growth, and mitigation of global climate change. In contrast to previous descriptive and qualitative analyses of the trends in national land use, this paper uses an econometric approach to isolate the importance of historical changes in land-use profits and key government policies in determining national land-use changes from 1982 to 1997. The policies we examine are the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) and total government payments to crop producers. We estimate a national-level discrete choice model of changes among the major land-use categories (crops, pasture, forest, urban, range, and CRP) with parcel-level observations of land use and land quality from the U.S.D.A. National Resources Inventory (NRI) and measures of county-level land-use net returns from a variety of sources. We then use fitted values from the econometric model to simulate land-use change from 1982 to 1997 under a series of factual and counterfactual scenarios that isolate the effects of different economic and policy factors. The simulations suggest how changes in economic returns and government policies have driven land-use changes in the past and will continue to affect nationwide land-use changes in the future. For example, we find that the introduction of the CRP and the decline in crop profits were the most significant explanatory factors driving the decline in cropland. Our results highlight some "unintended consequences" of government policies and the importance of net returns to a range of alternative land uses as determinants of land area change for each particular use.
Fuchs, Ernst / Künneth, Walter, Die Auferstehung Jesu Christi von den Toten
Creators: name: Benz, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 23 Nr. 2 (1974): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 23, Heft 2
Marine Reserves: Is There a Free Lunch?
Creators: name: Sanchirico, James N.
name: Wilen, James E.
name: Sanchirico, James N.
name: Wilen, James E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: marine reserves
subject: spatial and intertemporal modeling
subject: bioeconomics

description: This paper employs a spatial and intertemporal model of renewable resource exploitation to investigate the effects of marine reserve creation. The model combines the H. S. Gordon/Vernon Smith hypothesis of a rent dissipation process with Ricardian notions that resources are exploited across space in a pattern dependent upon relative profitabilities. The metapopulation model employed here incorporates modern biological ideas that stress patch heterogeneity, linkages, and dispersal processes between patches. The spatial bioeconomic model is then used to simulate the effects of reserve creation under various ecological structures. We find, under certain parameter configurations and ecological linkages, that there is potential for a "double-dividend" where both aggregate biomass and harvest increase after an area of the fishery is set aside and protected from exploitation.
Adaptive Aggregation Networks for Class-Incremental Learning
Creators: name: Liu, Yaoyao
name: Schiele, Bernt
name: Sun, Qianru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Class-Incremental Learning (CIL) aims to learn a classification model with the number of classes increasing phase-by-phase. An inherent problem in CIL is the stability-plasticity dilemma between the learning of old and new classes, i.e., high-plasticity models easily forget old classes, but high-stability models are weak to learn new classes. We alleviate this issue by proposing a novel network architecture called Adaptive Aggregation Networks (AANets), in which we explicitly build two types of residual blocks at each residual level (taking ResNet as the baseline architecture): a stable block and a plastic block. We aggregate the output feature maps from these two blocks and then feed the results to the next-level blocks. We adapt the aggregation weights in order to balance these two types of blocks, i.e., to balance stability and plasticity, dynamically. We conduct extensive experiments on three CIL benchmarks: CIFAR-100, ImageNet-Subset, and ImageNet, and show that many existing CIL methods can be straightforwardly incorporated into the architecture of AANets to boost their performances.
description: Accepted to CVPR 2021. Code: https://github.com/yaoyao-liu/class-incremental-learning
Neutrino spin oscillations in gravitational fields
Creators: name: Dvornikov, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study neutrino spin oscillations in gravitational fields. The quasi-classical approach is used to describe the neutrino spin evolution. First we examine the case of a weak gravitational field. We obtain the effective Hamiltonian for the description of neutrino spin oscillations. We also receive the neutrino transition probability when a particle propagates in the gravitational field of a rotating massive object. Then we apply the general technique to the description of neutrino spin oscillations in the Schwarzschild metric. The neutrino spin evolution equation for the case of the neutrino motion in the vicinity of a black hole is obtained. The effective Hamiltonian and the transition probability are also derived. We examine the neutrino oscillations process on different circular orbits and analyze the frequencies of spin transitions. The validity of the quasi-classical approach is also considered.
description: RevTeX4, 9 pages, 1 esp figure; article was revised, some misprints were corrected, 6 references added; accepted for publication in Int.J.Mod.Phys.D
The Economics of Competition Policy: Recent Developments and Cautionary Notes in Antitrust and Regulation
Creators: name: Brennan, Timothy J.
name: Brennan, Timothy J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: antitrust
subject: regulation
subject: competition policy

description: Competition policy has become more prominent while the thinking underlying those policies has undergone substantial revision. We survey advances in antitrust economics and the economics of regulation. Increasing reliance on non-cooperative game theory as a foundation for antitrust has led to rethinking conventional approaches. We review some of these contributions in the context of mergers, vertical restraints, and competition in "network industries." Turning to regulation, we review standard rationales and identify some major contemporary refinements, with examples of the motives behind them and their application. After brief thoughts on privatization, we conclude with suggestions on design and implementation, with some observations on whether these developments are as valuable in the corridors of policy as they may be in the halls of academe.
EOSC-hub D2.1 First EOSC-hub Strategy Plan
Creators: name: Kupila-Rantala, Tiina
name: Lecarpentier, Damien
name: Oikarinen, Jesse
name: Andler, Marjut
name: Magchiel Bijsterbosch
name: Ferrari, Tiziana
name: Andreozzi, Sergio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The EOSC-hub project, funded by the European Commission (EOSC-hub Grant Agreement no. 777536 2017), contributes to the development of the European Open Science Cloud, as described in the EC Communication on European Cloud Initiative. The scope of the project is to create the integration and management system (the Hub) of the European Open Science Cloud in such a way that it complies with the FAIR principles and hence accelerates the generation of research and innovation products. The Hub brings together major European research infrastructures and e-Infrastructures, national e-Infrastructure providers, SMEs, and academic institutions, and delivers a catalog of services, software, and data in collaboration with them. The project collaborates closely with the peer Horizon2020 projects OpenAIRE-Advance, eInfraCentral, EOSCpilot, and GÉANT project GN4-2 and GN4-3.
 This document represents Deliverable 2.1 of the EOSC-hub project: The First EOSC-hub Strategy Plan. It is a high-level description of the strategic direction and ambition of EOSC-hub, serving as strategic guidance for the project as a whole. Additionally, it makes the project’s intentions publicly available in a transparent way. Based on consultative interviews with e-Infrastructure and research infrastructures representatives and thematic service providers contributing to the project, the deliverable presents the strategic positioning of EOSC-hub within EOSC and outlines the first set of strategic goals to be pursued within the period of 2018-2019.
Crucial effect of transverse vibrations on the transport through polymer chains
Creators: name: Boulatov, Alexei
name: Burin, Alexander L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low temperature transport of electron, or vibrational or electronic exciton towards polymer chains turns out to be dramatically sensitive to its interaction with transverse acoustic vibrations. We show that this interaction leads to substantial polaron effect and decoherence, which are generally stronger than those associated with longitudinal vibrations. For site-dependent interactions transverse phonons form subohmic bath leading to the quantum phase transition accompanied by full suppression of the transport at zero temperature and fast decoherence characterized by temperature dependent rate of temperature to the power of two thirds at low temperature while this rate rate ois proportional to the squared temperature for site-independent interactions. The latter dependence was used to interpret recent measurements of temperature dependent vibrational energy transport in polyethylene glycol oligomers.
description: 28 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Journal of Chemical Physics, references to literature have been updated and corrected
R^2 Corrections for 5D Black Holes and Rings
Creators: name: Guica, Monica
name: Huang, Lisa
name: Li, Wei
name: Strominger, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study higher-order corrections to two BPS solutions of 5D supergravity, namely the supersymmetric black ring and the spinning black hole. Due in part to our current relatively limited understanding of F-type terms in 5D supergravity, the nature of these corrections is less clear than that of their 4D cousins. Effects of certain $R^2$ terms found in Calabi-Yau compactification of M-theory are specifically considered. For the case of the black ring, for which the microscopic origin of the entropy is generally known, the corresponding higher order macroscopic correction to the entropy is found to match a microscopic correction, while for the spinning black hole the corrections are partially matched to those of a 4D $D0-D2-D6$ black hole.
description: 9 pages