cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Structural Parameters for 10 Halo Globular Clusters in M33
Creators: name: Ma, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present the properties of 10 halo globular clusters with luminosities $L\simeq 5-7\times 10^5{L_\odot}$ in the Local Group galaxy M33 using the images of {\it Hubble Space Telescope} Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 in the F555W and F814W bands. We obtained ellipticities, position angles and surface brightness profiles for them. In general, the ellipticities of M33 sample clusters are similar to those of M31 clusters. The structural and dynamical parameters are derived by fitting the profiles to three different models combined with mass-to-light ratios ($M/L$ values) from population-synthesis models. The structural parameters include core radii, concentration, half-light radii {\bf and} central surface brightness. The dynamical parameters include the integrated cluster mass, integrated binding energy, central surface mass density {\bf and} predicted line-of-sight velocity dispersion at the cluster center. The velocity dispersions of four clusters predicted here agree well with the observed dispersions by Larsen et al. The results here showed that the majority of the sample halo globular clusters are well fitted by King model as well as by Wilson model, and better than by Sérsic model. In general, the properties of clusters in M33, M31 and the Milky Way fall in the same regions of parameter spaces. The tight correlations of cluster properties indicate a "fundamental plane" for clusters, which reflects some universal physical conditions and processes operating at the epoch of cluster formation.
description: Accepted for Publication in AJ, 27 pages, 23 figures and 6 tables
A test for comparing conditional ROC curves with multidimensional covariates
Creators: name: Fanjul-Hevia, Arís
name: Pardo-Fernández, Juan Carlos
name: Van Keilegom, Ingrid
name: González-Manteiga, Wenceslao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The comparison of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves is frequently used in the literature to compare the discriminatory capability of different classification procedures based on diagnostic variables. The performance of these variables can be sometimes influenced by the presence of other covariates, and thus they should be taken into account when making the comparison. A new non-parametric test is proposed here for testing the equality of two or more dependent ROC curves conditioned to the value of a multidimensional covariate. Projections are used for transforming the problem into a one-dimensional approach easier to handle. Simulations are carried out to study the practical performance of the new methodology. A real data set of patients with Pleural Effusion is analysed to illustrate this procedure.
Anchored boundary conditions for locally isostatic networks
Creators: name: Theran, Louis
name: Nixon, Anthony
name: Ross, Elissa
name: Sadjadi, Mahdi
name: Servatius, Brigitte
name: Thorpe, M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Finite pieces of locally isostatic networks have a large number of floppy modes because of missing constraints at the surface. Here we show that by imposing suitable boundary conditions at the surface, the network can be rendered effectively isostatic. We refer to these as anchored boundary conditions. An important example is formed by a two-dimensional network of corner sharing triangles, which is the focus of this paper. Another way of rendering such networks isostatic, is by adding an external wire along which all unpinned vertices can slide (sliding boundary conditions). This approach also allows for the incorporation of boundaries associated with internal holes and complex sample geometries, which are illustrated with examples. The recent synthesis of bilayers of vitreous silica has provided impetus for this work. Experimental results from the imaging of finite pieces at the atomic level needs such boundary conditions, if the observed structure is to be computer-refined so that the interior atoms have the perception of being in an infinite isostatic environment.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures. v2 fixes typos and expands the exposition. v3 updated bibliography
Viewpoint: Simplicity of Black Holes
Creators: name: Ashtekar, Abhay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Editors of \emph{Viewpoint} requested a brief report on Norman Gürlebeck's recent results \cite{1} concerning black holes in astrophysical environments. The first draft I wrote assumed knowledge of general relativity at the level of a graduate-level course. But it was significantly simplified to make the final version \cite{viewpoint} accessible to undergraduates who are not familiar with general relativity. This submission to arXiv contains the first version that is likely to be more helpful to beginning researchers who are interested in black holes.
description: 3 pages; puts a recent result by Norman Guerlebeck in a broader context
Extra-special quotients of surface braid groups and double Kodaira fibrations with small signature
Creators: name: Polizzi, Francesco
name: Sabatino, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J29, 14J25, 20D15

description: We study some special systems of generators on finite groups, introduced in previous work by the first author and called "diagonal double Kodaira structures", in order to investigate non-abelian, finite quotients of the pure braid group on two strands $\mathsf{P}_2(Σ_b)$, where $Σ_b$ is a closed Riemann surface of genus $b$. In particular, we prove that, if a finite group $G$ admits a diagonal double Kodaira structure, then $|G|\geq 32$, and equality holds if and only if $G$ is extra-special. In the last section, as a geometrical application of our algebraic results, we construct two $3$-dimensional families of double Kodaira fibrations having signature $16$. Such surfaces are different from the ones recently constructed by Lee, Lönne and Rollenske and, as far as we know, they provide the first examples of positive-dimensional families of double Kodaira fibrations with small signature.
description: 28 pages, 2 figures. Title changed. Final version, to appear in Geometriae Dedicata
Table S1. List of Cimex specimens included in analyses. from Host association and selection on salivary protein genes in bed bugs and related blood-feeding ectoparasites.
Creators: name: Benoit Talbot
name: Ondřej Balvín
name: Vonhof, Maarten J.
name: Broders, Hugh G.
name: Fenton, Brock
name: Nusha Keyghobadi
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: Host refers to the species with which the ectoparasite was found associated, either being on its body or in a roost or housing unit inhabited mainly by the species. Accession numbers for each of the four genes analysed in the study are listed, except when no amplification could be obtained (indicated with “No amplification”).
{pdf download} Life's Too Short: A Memoir by Darius Rucker
Creators: name: Tackitt
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

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Life's Too Short: A Memoir

Darius Rucker

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A raw, heartfelt memoir from Darius Rucker, the three-time Grammy Award–winning, Diamond-selling lead singer of Hootie & the Blowfish and Country music sensation—told through the remarkable stories of the music that coursed through his life. “If I look back at my life and try to see into my past, everything seems blurry. But then I lean in and start to hear something. Melodies. Chords. Harmonies. Lyrics. This book is the story of my life as told through twenty-three songs that took me away, soaring, starting at ground level, living in a poor but happy home, never wanting for much more, enjoying what I had, even when times got tough, because I had my escape, my refuge, my music.”—From the Introduction Raised by a single mother in Charleston, South Carolina, Darius Rucker founded Hootie & the Blowfish with three classmates at the University of South Carolina in 1986. What began as a party band playing frat houses and dive bars quickly became a global rock pop phenomenon through their Diamond-certified debut album Cracked Rear View, featuring the era-defining hit songs “Only Wanna Be With You,” “Let Her Cry” and “Hold My Hand.” Later, Darius would also chart a pioneering path as a solo Country music artist, with Diamond-certified hit “Wagon Wheel,” plus timeless anthems such as “Alright” and “Don’t Think I Don’t Think About It,” while sharing the stage and a mic with the likes of David Crosby, Al Green, Bob Dylan, Willie Nelson, Bruce Springsteen, Neil Young, Adele, Taylor Swift and more.  Nearly 40 years into his illustrious career, Darius tells the story of his life through the music that made him, including songs by everyone from Frank Sinatra and Stevie Wonder to R.E.M., KISS, Prince and, of course, his own music with Hootie and as a solo artist. He recounts the unlikely ascent of his band and wild tales of his road-hardened life—one filled with stumbles, missteps and battles with demons, but ultimately resulting in triumph. Life’s Too Short is the story of a man, his music and his life; a page-turning memoir that is raw, real, hilarious and deeply emotional.
Impact of Basolateral Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein (Mrp) 3 and Mrp4 on the Hepatobiliary Disposition of Fexofenadine in Perfused Mouse Livers
Creators: name: Brouwer, Kim L.R.
name: Swift, Brandon
name: Kruh, Gary D.
name: Belinsky, Martin G.
name: Tian, Xianbin
name: Zamek-Gliszczynski, Maciej J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The disposition of fexofenadine, a commonly-used antihistamine drug, is governed primarily by active transport. Biliary excretion of the parent compound is the major route of systemic clearance. Previous studies demonstrated that fexofenadine hepatic uptake is mediated by organic anion transporting polypeptides. Recently, we showed that in mice fexofenadine is excreted into bile primarily by Mrp2 (Abcc2). In the present study, the role of Mrp3 (Abcc3) and Mrp4 (Abcc4) in the hepatobiliary disposition of fexofenadine was examined in knockout mice using in situ liver perfusion. Compared to wild-type mice, basolateral excretion of fexofenadine was impaired resulting in a ~50% decrease in perfusate recovery in Abcc3 ( − / − ) mice; in contrast, fexofenadine hepatobiliary disposition was unaltered in Abcc4 ( − / − ) mice. As expected, in Abcc2 ( − / − ) mice, fexofenadine was redirected from the canalicular to the basolateral membrane for excretion. In Abcc2 ( − / − )/Abcc3 ( − / − ) double knock-out mice, fexofenadine biliary excretion was impaired, but perfusate recovery was similar to wild-type mice, and more than 2-fold higher than in Abcc3 ( − / − ) mice, presumably due to compensatory basolateral transport mechanism(s). These results demonstrate that multiple transport proteins are involved in the hepatobiliary disposition of fexofenadine. In addition to Mrp2 and Mrp3, other transport proteins play an important role in the biliary and hepatic basolateral excretion of this zwitterionic drug.
Microwave-dressed state-selective potentials for atom interferometry
Creators: name: Guarrera, V.
name: Szmuk, R.
name: Reichel, J.
name: Rosenbusch, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel and robust technique to realize a beam splitter for trapped Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). The scheme relies on the possibility of producing different potentials simultaneously for two internal atomic states. The atoms are coherently transferred, via a Rabi coupling between the two long-lived internal states, from a single well potential to a double-well. We present numerical simulations supporting our proposal and confirming excellent efficiency and fidelity of the transfer process with realistic numbers for a BEC of $^{87}$Rb. We discuss the experimental implementation by suggesting state-selective microwave potentials as an ideal tool to be exploited for magnetically trapped atoms. The working principles of this technique are tested on our atom chip device which features an integrated coplanar micro-wave guide. In particular, the first realization of a double-well potential by using a microwave dressing field is reported. Experimental results are presented together with numerical simulations, showing good agreement. Simultaneous and independent control on the external potentials is also demonstrated in the two Rubidium clock states. The transfer between the two states, featuring respectively a single and a double-well, is characterized and it is used to measure the energy spectrum of the atoms in the double-well. Our results show that the spatial overlap between the two states is crucial to ensure the functioning of the beamsplitter. Even though this condition could not be achieve in our current setup, the proposed technique can be realized with current state-of-the-art devices being particularly well suited for atom chip experiments. We anticipate applications in quantum enhanced interferometry.
Focal Inverse Distance Transform Maps for Crowd Localization
Creators: name: Liang, Dingkang
name: Xu, Wei
name: Zhu, Yingying
name: Zhou, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we focus on the crowd localization task, a crucial topic of crowd analysis. Most regression-based methods utilize convolution neural networks (CNN) to regress a density map, which can not accurately locate the instance in the extremely dense scene, attributed to two crucial reasons: 1) the density map consists of a series of blurry Gaussian blobs, 2) severe overlaps exist in the dense region of the density map. To tackle this issue, we propose a novel Focal Inverse Distance Transform (FIDT) map for the crowd localization task. Compared with the density maps, the FIDT maps accurately describe the persons' locations without overlapping in dense regions. Based on the FIDT maps, a Local-Maxima-Detection-Strategy (LMDS) is derived to effectively extract the center point for each individual. Furthermore, we introduce an Independent SSIM (I-SSIM) loss to make the model tend to learn the local structural information, better recognizing local maxima. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method reports state-of-the-art localization performance on six crowd datasets and one vehicle dataset. Additionally, we find that the proposed method shows superior robustness on the negative and extremely dense scenes, which further verifies the effectiveness of the FIDT maps. The code and model will be available at https://github.com/dk-liang/FIDTM.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Multimedia (TMM). The code and models are available at https://github.com/dk-liang/FIDTM
On conformal supergravity and harmonic superspace
Creators: name: Butter, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes a fully covariant approach to harmonic superspace. It is based on the conformal superspace description of conformal supergravity and involves extending the supermanifold M^{4|8} by the tangent bundle of CP^1. The resulting superspace M^{4|8} x TCP^1 can be identified in a certain gauge with the conventional harmonic superspace M^{4|8} x S^2. This approach not only makes the connection to projective superspace transparent, but simplifies calculations in harmonic superspace significantly by eliminating the need to deal directly with supergravity prepotentials. As an application of the covariant approach, we derive from harmonic superspace the full component action for the sigma model of a hyperkahler cone coupled to conformal supergravity. Further applications are also sketched.
description: 61 pages; v2: reference added, minor changes; v3: references added, minor additional comments, published version
Table S1. List of Cimex specimens included in analyses. from Host association and selection on salivary protein genes in bed bugs and related blood-feeding ectoparasites
Creators: name: Benoit Talbot
name: Ondřej Balvín
name: Vonhof, Maarten J.
name: Broders, Hugh G.
name: Fenton, Brock
name: Nusha Keyghobadi
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: Host refers to the species with which the ectoparasite was found associated, either being on its body or in a roost or housing unit inhabited mainly by the species. Accession numbers for each of the four genes analysed in the study are listed, except when no amplification could be obtained (indicated with “No amplification”).
(3308) Caroline Thorpe
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Streaking temporal double slit interference by an orthogonal two-color laser field
Creators: name: Richter, Martin
name: Kunitski, Maksim
name: Schöffler, Markus
name: Jahnke, Till
name: Schmidt, Lothar P. H.
name: Li, Min
name: Liu, Yunquan
name: Dörner, Reinhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate electron momentum distributions from single ionization of Ar by two orthogonally polarized laser pulses of different color. The two-color scheme is used to experimentally control the interference between electron wave packets released at different times within one laser cycle. This intracycle interference pattern is typically hard to resolve in an experiment. With the two-color control scheme these features become the dominant contribution to the electron momentum distribution. Furthermore the second color can be used for streaking of the otherwise interfering wave packets establishing a which-way marker. Our investigation shows that the visibility of the interference fringes depends on the degree of the which-way information determined by the controllable phase between the two pulses.
description: submitted to PRL
Maxwell-Dirac stress-energy tensor in terms of Fierz bilinear currents
Creators: name: Inglis, Shaun
name: Jarvis, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the stress-energy tensor for the self-coupled Maxwell-Dirac system in the bilinear current formalism, using two independent approaches. The first method used is that attributed to Belinfante: starting from the spinor form of the action, the well-known canonical stress-energy tensor is augmented, by extending the Noether symmetry current to include contributions from the Lorentz group, to a manifestly symmetric form. This form admits a transcription to bilinear current form. The second method used is the variational derivation based on the covariant coupling to general relativity. The starting point here at the outset is the transcription of the action using, as independent field variables, both the bilinear currents, together with a gauge invariant vector field (a proxy for the electromagnetic vector potential). A central feature of the two constructions is that they both involve the mapping of the Dirac contribution to the stress-energy from the spinor fields to the equivalent set of bilinear tensor currents, through the use of appropriate Fierz identities. Although this mapping is done at quite different stages, nonetheless we find that the two forms of the bilinear stress-energy tensor agree. Finally, as an application, we consider the reduction of the obtained stress-energy tensor in bilinear form, under the assumption of spherical symmetry.
description: 22 pages, amended to bring in line with final published version
In Vitro Hepatic Metabolism Explains Higher Clearance of Voriconazole in Children versus Adults: Role of CYP2C19 and Flavin-Containing Monooxygenase 3
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Joseph G.
name: Annaert, Pieter P.
name: Augustijns, Patrick
name: Benjamin Jr., Daniel K.
name: Thakker, Dhiren R.
name: Yanni, Souzan B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Voriconazole is a broad spectrum antifungal agent for treating life-threatening fungal infections. Its clearance is approximately 3-fold higher in children compared with adults. Voriconazole is cleared predominantly via hepatic metabolism in adults, mainly by CYP3A4, CYP2C19, and flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3). In vitro metabolism of voriconazole by liver microsomes prepared from pediatric and adult tissues (n = 6/group) mirrored the in vivo clearance differences in children versus adults, and it showed that the oxidative metabolism was significantly faster in children compared with adults as indicated by the in vitro half-life (T1/2) of 33.8 ± 15.3 versus 72.6 ± 23.7 min, respectively. The Km for voriconazole metabolism to N-oxide, the major metabolite formed in humans, by liver microsomes from children and adults was similar (11 ± 5.2 versus 9.3 ± 3.6 μM, respectively). In contrast, apparent Vmax was approximately 3-fold higher in children compared with adults (120.5 ± 99.9 versus 40 ± 13.9 pmol/min/mg). The calculated in vivo clearance from in vitro data was found to be approximately 80% of the observed plasma clearance values in both populations. Metabolism studies in which CYP3A4, CYP2C19, or FMO was selectively inhibited provided evidence that contribution of CYP2C19 and FMO toward voriconazole N-oxidation was much greater in children than in adults, whereas CYP3A4 played a larger role in adults. Although expression of CYP2C19 and FMO3 is not significantly different in children versus adults, these enzymes seem to contribute to higher metabolic clearance of voriconazole in children versus adults.
When is Early Classification of Time Series Meaningful?
Creators: name: Wu, Renjie
name: Der, Audrey
name: Keogh, Eamonn J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Since its introduction two decades ago, there has been increasing interest in the problem of early classification of time series. This problem generalizes classic time series classification to ask if we can classify a time series subsequence with sufficient accuracy and confidence after seeing only some prefix of a target pattern. The idea is that the earlier classification would allow us to take immediate action, in a domain in which some practical interventions are possible. For example, that intervention might be sounding an alarm or applying the brakes in an automobile. In this work, we make a surprising claim. In spite of the fact that there are dozens of papers on early classification of time series, it is not clear that any of them could ever work in a real-world setting. The problem is not with the algorithms per se but with the vague and underspecified problem description. Essentially all algorithms make implicit and unwarranted assumptions about the problem that will ensure that they will be plagued by false positives and false negatives even if their results suggested that they could obtain near-perfect results. We will explain our findings with novel insights and experiments and offer recommendations to the community.
description: Full paper accepted by IEEE TKDE, extended abstract accepted by IEEE ICDE 2022
(3307) Mary Alice Perkin
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Interplay between Detection Strategies and Stochastic Resonance Properties
Creators: name: Addesso, Paolo
name: Pierro, Vincenzo
name: Filatrella, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss how to exploit stochastic resonance with the methods of statistical theory of decisions. To do so, we evaluate two detection strategies: escape time analysis and strobing. For a standard quartic bistable system with a periodic drive and disturbed by noise, we show that the detection strategies and the physics of the double well are connected, inasmuch as one (the strobing strategy) is based on synchronization, while the other (escape time analysis) is determined by the possibility to accumulate energy in the oscillations. The analysis of the escape times best performs at the frequency of the geometric resonance, while strobing shows a peak of the performances at a special noise level predicted by the stochastic resonance theory. We surmise that the detection properties of the quartic potential are generic for overdamped and underdamped systems, in that the physical nature of resonance decides the competition (in terms of performances) between different detection strategies.
description: To appear on Commun. Nonlinear Sci. Numer. Simulat. (2015); Keywords: Stochastic resonance, Random processes, Inference methods, Time series analysis
(3304) Ethel Marian Perkin
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Regular Cartan groupoids and longitudinal representations
Creators: name: Trentinaglia, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 22A22, Secondary 53C05, 53C10, 55S40

description: With the intent of laying the groundwork for a program that aims at explicitly describing the space of Cartan (i.e. multiplicative) connections on a general proper Lie groupoid, we begin to investigate the space of such connections in the regular case. We point out that there is a close relationship between Cartan connections on a proper regular groupoid and representations of the groupoid on its own longitudinal bundle (i.e. on the vector distribution tangent to its orbits). This observation enables us to reduce the original problem to a simpler one. We carry out a prospective study of the latter problem, and apply the resulting analysis to produce a number of examples in rank two which serve to illustrate the diversity of the possible obstructions to the existence of multiplicative connections.
description: 38 pages. Completely new paper. Old version (v1) is going to merge into arXiv:1403.2071v3
Quantitative Profiling of Human Renal UDP-glucuronosyltransferases and Glucuronidation Activity: A Comparison of Normal and Tumoral Kidney Tissues
Creators: name: Villeneuve, Lyne
name: Guillemette, Chantal
name: Joy, Melanie S.
name: Smith, Philip C.
name: Turcotte, Véronique
name: Rouleau, Michèle
name: Margaillan, Guillaume
name: Fallon, John K.
name: Caron, Patrick
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Renal metabolism by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes is central to the clearance of many drugs. However, significant discrepancies about the relative abundance and activity of individual UGT enzymes in the normal kidney prevail among reports, whereas glucuronidation in tumoral kidney has not been examined. In this study, we performed an extensive profiling of glucuronidation metabolism in normal (n = 12) and tumor (n = 14) kidneys using targeted mass spectrometry quantification of human UGTs. We then correlated UGT protein concentrations with mRNA levels assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and with conjugation activity for the major renal UGTs. Beyond the wide interindividual variability in expression levels observed among kidney samples, UGT1A9, UGT2B7, and UGT1A6 are the most abundant renal UGTs in both normal and tumoral tissues based on protein quantification. In normal kidney tissues, only UGT1A9 protein levels correlated with mRNA levels, whereas UGT1A6, UGT1A9, and UGT2B7 quantification correlated significantly with their mRNA levels in tumor kidneys. Data support that posttranscriptional regulation of UGT2B7 and UGT1A6 expression is modulating glucuronidation in the kidney. Importantly, our study reveals a significant decreased glucuronidation capacity of neoplastic kidneys versus normal kidneys that is paralleled by drastically reduced UGT1A9 and UGT2B7 mRNA and protein expression. UGT2B7 activity is the most repressed in tumors relative to normal tissues, with a 96-fold decrease in zidovudine metabolism, whereas propofol and sorafenib glucuronidation is decreased by 7.6- and 5.2-fold, respectively. Findings demonstrate that renal drug metabolism is predominantly mediated by UGT1A9 and UGT2B7 and is greatly reduced in kidney tumors.
Supplementary material and methods from Using Captain Scott's Discovery specimens to unlock the past: has Antarctic cyanobacterial diversity changed over the last 100 years?.
Creators: name: Jungblut, Anne D.
name: Hawes, Ian
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Supplementary material and methods
LongReMix: Robust Learning with High Confidence Samples in a Noisy Label Environment
Creators: name: Cordeiro, Filipe R.
name: Sachdeva, Ragav
name: Belagiannis, Vasileios
name: Reid, Ian
name: Carneiro, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep neural network models are robust to a limited amount of label noise, but their ability to memorise noisy labels in high noise rate problems is still an open issue. The most competitive noisy-label learning algorithms rely on a 2-stage process comprising an unsupervised learning to classify training samples as clean or noisy, followed by a semi-supervised learning that minimises the empirical vicinal risk (EVR) using a labelled set formed by samples classified as clean, and an unlabelled set with samples classified as noisy. In this paper, we hypothesise that the generalisation of such 2-stage noisy-label learning methods depends on the precision of the unsupervised classifier and the size of the training set to minimise the EVR. We empirically validate these two hypotheses and propose the new 2-stage noisy-label training algorithm LongReMix. We test LongReMix on the noisy-label benchmarks CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, WebVision, Clothing1M, and Food101-N. The results show that our LongReMix generalises better than competing approaches, particularly in high label noise problems. Furthermore, our approach achieves state-of-the-art performance in most datasets. The code is available at https://github.com/filipe-research/LongReMix.
description: Published at Pattern Recognition 2022
Evidence for DCO+ as a probe of ionization in the warm disk surface
Creators: name: Favre, Cécile
name: Bergin, Edwin A.
name: Cleeves, L. Ilsedore
name: Hersant, Franck
name: Qi, Chunhua
name: Aikawa, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter we model the chemistry of DCO$^{+}$ in protoplanetary disks. We find that the overall distribution of the DCO$^{+}$ abundance is qualitatively similar to that of CO but is dominated by thin layer located at the inner disk surface. To understand its distribution, we investigate the different key gas-phase deuteration pathways that can lead to the formation of DCO$^{+}$. Our analysis shows that the recent update in the exothermicity of the reaction involving CH$_2$D$^{+}$ as a parent molecule of DCO$^{+}$ favors deuterium fractionation in warmer conditions. As a result the formation of DCO$^{+}$ is enhanced in the inner warm surface layers of the disk where X-ray ionization occurs. Our analysis points out that DCO$^{+}$ is not a reliable tracer of the CO snow line as previously suggested. We thus predict that DCO$^{+}$ is a tracer of active deuterium and in particular X-ray ionization of the inner disk.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters (ApJL). 11 pages, 5 figures
Causality Assessment for Suspected DILI During Clinical Phases of Drug Development
Creators: name: Gallivan, Jim
name: Aithal, Guruprasad P.
name: Watkins, Paul B.
name: Regev, Arie
name: Seeff, Leonard B.
name: Ormarsdottir, Sif
name: Merz, Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Causality assessment is a critical step in establishing the diagnosis of drug induced liver injury (DILI) during drug development. DILI may resemble almost any type of liver disease, and often presents a serious challenge to clinical investigators and drug makers. The diagnosis of DILI is largely based upon a combination of a compatible clinical course, exclusion of all other reasonable causes, resemblance of clinical and pathological features to known features of liver injury due to the drug (i.e., “drug’s signature”), and incidence of liver injury among patients treated with the drug compared to placebo or comparator. Causality assessment for suspected DILI is currently performed using either evaluation by physicians with expertise in liver disorders (i.e., expert opinion) or standardized scoring instruments such as the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM). Both approaches are widely used in the post marketing setting. Causality assessment based on expert opinion is considered superior to standardized instruments such as RUCAM, in the setting of drug development, and is currently the preferred approach during clinical trials. There is a need for a systematic revision of RUCAM that will render it more suitable for the setting of clinical trials and drug development. Careful monitoring and meticulous data collection during clinical trials are essential in all cases with established liver injury to allow for a proper causality assessment. A workshop was convened to discuss best practices for the assessment of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) in clinical trials. This publication is based on the conclusions of this workshop.
Effects of Nonlinear Frequency Compression on Speech Identification in Children With Hearing Loss
Creators: name: Leibold, Lori J.
name: Hillock-Dunn, Andrea
name: Buss, Emily
name: Duncan, Nicole
name: Roush, Patricia A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: This study evaluated effects of nonlinear frequency compression (NLFC) processing in children with hearing loss for consonant identification in quiet and for spondee identification in competing noise or speech. It was predicted that participants would benefit from NLFC for consonant identification in quiet when access to high-frequency information was critical, but that NLFC would be less beneficial, or even detrimental, when identification relied on mid-frequency cues. Further, it was hypothesized that NLFC could result in greater susceptibility to masking in the spondee task. The rationale for these predictions is that improved access to high-frequency information comes at the cost of decreased spectral resolution.
Optimal Dual Schemes for Adaptive Grid Based Hexmeshing
Creators: name: Livesu, Marco
name: Pitzalis, Luca
name: Cherchi, Gianmarco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hexahedral meshes are an ubiquitous domain for the numerical resolution of partial differential equations. Computing a pure hexahedral mesh from an adaptively refined grid is a prominent approach to automatic hexmeshing, and requires the ability to restore the all hex property around the hanging nodes that arise at the interface between cells having different size. The most advanced tools to accomplish this task are based on mesh dualization. These approaches use topological schemes to regularize the valence of inner vertices and edges, such that dualizing the grid yields a pure hexahedral mesh. In this paper we study in detail the dual approach, and propose four main contributions to it: (i) we enumerate all the possible transitions that dual methods must be able to handle, showing that prior schemes do not natively cover all of them; (ii) we show that schemes are internally asymmetric, therefore not only their implementation is ambiguous, but different implementation choices lead to hexahedral meshes with different singular structure; (iii) we explore the combinatorial space of dual schemes, selecting the minimum set that covers all the possible configurations and also yields the simplest singular structure in the output hexmesh; (iv) we enlarge the class of adaptive grids that can be transformed into pure hexahedral meshes, relaxing one of the tight requirements imposed by previous approaches, and ultimately permitting to obtain much coarser meshes for same geometric accuracy. Last but not least, for the first time we make grid-based hexmeshing truly reproducible, releasing our code and also revealing a conspicuous amount of technical details that were always overlooked in previous literature, creating an entry barrier that was hard to overcome for practitioners in the field.
Effect of air pollution on chronic respiratory disease in the New York city metropolitan area, 1972
Creators: name: Shy, C.
name: Lan, S. P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1981

description: The effect of air pollution on chronic respiratory diseases (CRD) was examined in a study in the New York metropolitan area in 1972. Four study communities, sites A, B, C and D, were selected for the similarity of socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Historically, these communities represented an increasing gradient of air pollution levels. However, after air quality improvement in the metropolitan area, Site A had only slightly lower pollution levels than sites B, C and D. In the examination of chronic respiratory symptoms, study hypotheses were established to correspond with historical levels of air pollution. The study population was drawn from parents of children attending elementary school in each site. Information was obtained by means of a questionnaire modified from the 1966 BMRC questionnaire. The analysis was based on 5416 white long-term residents without occupational exposure to irritant dust and fumes. Confounding factors, including smoking status, age, level of education of head-of-household and crowding within the home, were examined. Smoking was found to be the most important factor in determining the level of severity of CRD. The effect of air pollution showed differential patterns among the smokers and nonsmokers. Among the smokers, no air pollution effect was observed. However, among nonsmokers, a statistically significant difference was observed among females. Further, among male nonsmokers a similar pattern was observed, but the effect was not statistically significant. Other possible factors that could contribute to the difference are discussed.
title: From Site to Place and Back and Forth: Towards a Fluid Methodology
Creators: name: Lavoie, Nathalie
Publisher: name: Emily Carr University of Art and Design
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Phenomenology
valueUri: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85100683
subject: Earthworks (Art)
valueUri: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85040508
subject: Art, Modern
valueUri: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85007793
subject: Site-specific art
valueUri: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh00000143

description: Site-specific art practices are becoming increasingly prevalent. This observation draws on the amount of recent literature devoted to the subject and its popularity as locus for biennials. However, several authors note that a clarification of the term and its meaning are necessary (Kwon 2, Cartiere Re/Placing 43). For example, one may associate site specificity as art related to the topography of the site, and regard place-specificity art as work that use the topography as well as addressing social contexts (Lippard Lure 275-281, Cartiere Re/Placing 43). Through a critical literature review and sited artistic practice, this thesis examines the role of place-specificity within site-specific art, the use of relocation of a work as a method, and the reconciliation of the lyrical and the critical in art productions, in an attempt to construct a methodological framework adapted to my location. I first introduce the context of the research: living in a small, remote locality. Proposed methods to conduct research while living in Northern Canada are outlined: they include a phenomenological experience of place, the use of water as an art medium, and practice-led research. I then define in more detail site-specificity and place-specificity, and offer examples of both practices utilizing artists’ works engaging with water as a medium: Andy Goldsworthy, the Snow Show, and Helen Mayer and Newton Harrison. Analysis of these works furthers inquiry on environmental art practices, the romantic impulse, and relevant spatiotemporal theories, notably drawn from human geography. Non-representational theories, a subgenre of human geography, are considered as an alternative framework to view “natural” sites and their unfolding. Subsequently, the thesis focus is examined through the creation of new sited works, produced in the community of Fort Simpson, Northwest Territories, and Vancouver, British Columbia. Finally, a discussion tying the theoretical research and artistic practice ensues.
Health Effects of Airborne Exposures from Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations
Creators: name: Dosman, James A.
name: Sigsgaard, Torben
name: Thorne, Peter S.
name: Avery, Rachel
name: Heederik, Dick
name: Chrischilles, Elizabeth A.
name: Kulhankova, Katarina
name: Merchant, James A.
name: Duchaine, Caroline
name: Kirkhorn, Steven R.
name: Kline, Joel N.
name: Bønløkke, Jakob H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Toxic gases, vapors, and particles are emitted from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) into the general environment. These include ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, malodorous vapors, and particles contaminated with a wide range of microorganisms. Little is known about the health risks of exposure to these agents for people living in the surrounding areas. Malodor is one of the predominant concerns, and there is evidence that psychophysiologic changes may occur as a result of exposure to malodorous compounds. There is a paucity of data regarding community adverse health effects related to low-level gas and particulate emissions. Most information comes from studies among workers in CAFO installations. Research over the last decades has shown that microbial exposures, especially endotoxin exposure, are related to deleterious respiratory health effects, of which cross-shift lung function decline and accelerated decline over time are the most pronounced effects. Studies in naïve subjects and workers have shown respiratory inflammatory responses related to the microbial load. This working group, which was part of the Conference on Environmental Health Impacts of Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations: Anticipating Hazards—Searching for Solutions, concluded that there is a great need to evaluate health effects from exposures to the toxic gases, vapors, and particles emitted into the general environment by CAFOs. Research should focus not only on nuisance and odors but also on potential health effects from microbial exposures, concentrating on susceptible subgroups, especially asthmatic children and the elderly, since these exposures have been shown to be related to respiratory health effects among workers in CAFOs.