cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Observed Faraday Effects in Damped Lyman-Alpha Absorbers and Lyman Limit Systems: The Magnetised Environment of Galactic Building Blocks at Redshift=2
Creators: name: Farnes, J. S.
name: Rudnick, L.
name: Gaensler, B. M.
name: Haverkorn, M.
name: O'Sullivan, S. P.
name: Curran, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Protogalactic environments are typically identified using quasar absorption lines, and these galactic building blocks can manifest as Damped Lyman-Alpha Absorbers (DLAs) and Lyman Limit Systems (LLSs). We use radio observations of Faraday effects to test whether DLAs and LLSs host a magnetised medium, by combining DLA and LLS detections throughout the literature with 1.4 GHz polarization data from the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS). We obtain a control, a DLA, and a LLS sample consisting of 114, 19, and 27 lines-of-sight respectively - all of which are polarized at $\ge8σ$ to ensure Rician bias is negligible. Using a Bayesian framework, we are unable to detect either coherent or random magnetic fields in DLAs: the regular coherent magnetic fields within the DLAs must be $\le2.8$ $μ$G, and the lack of depolarization is consistent with the weakly magnetised gas in DLAs being non-turbulent and quiescent. However, we find mild suggestive evidence that LLSs have coherent magnetic fields: after controlling for the redshift-distribution of our data, we find a 71.5% probability that LLSs have a higher RM than a control sample. We also find strong evidence that LLSs host random magnetic fields, with a 95.5% probability that LLS lines-of-sight have lower polarized fractions than a control sample. The regular coherent magnetic fields within the LLSs must be $\le2.4$ $μ$G, and the magnetised gas must be highly turbulent with a typical scale on the order of $\approx5$-20 pc, which is similar to that of the Milky Way. This is consistent with the standard dynamo pedagogy, whereby magnetic fields in protogalaxies increase in coherence and strength as a function of cosmic time. Our results are consistent with a hierarchical galaxy formation scenario, with the DLAs, LLSs, and strong magnesium II (MgII) systems exploring three different stages of magnetic field evolution in galaxies.
description: Submitted to ApJ
A blueprint for a simultaneous test of quantum mechanics and general relativity in a space-based quantum optics experiment
Creators: name: Pallister, Sam
name: Coop, Simon
name: Formichella, Valerio
name: Gampierakis, Nicolas
name: Notaro, Virginia
name: Knott, Paul
name: Azevedo, Rui
name: Buchheim, Nikolaus
name: de Carvalho, Silvio
name: Jarvela, Emilia
name: Laporte, Matthieu
name: Kaikkonen, Jukka-Pekka
name: Meshksar, Neda
name: Nikkanen, Timo
name: Yttergren, Madeleine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we propose an experiment designed to observe a general-relativistic effect on single photon interference. The experiment consists of a folded Mach-Zehnder interferometer, with the arms distributed between a single Earth orbiter and a ground station. By compensating for other degrees of freedom and the motion of the orbiter, this setup aims to detect the influence of general relativistic time dilation on a spatially superposed single photon. The proposal details a payload to measure the required effect, along with an extensive feasibility analysis given current technological capabilities.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
Densification and Structural Transitions in Networks that Grow by Node Copying
Creators: name: Bhat, U.
name: Krapivsky, P. L.
name: Lambiotte, R.
name: Redner, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a growing network model---the copying model---in which a new node attaches to a randomly selected target node and, in addition, independently to each of the neighbors of the target with copying probability $p$. When $p
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
Colloidal Directional Structures at a Nematic Liquid Crystal-Air Interface
Creators: name: Wang, Nan
name: Evans, Julian
name: Li, Chenxi
name: Pergamenshchik, Victor M.
name: He, Sailing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a variety of structures formed by colloidal droplets at a nematic liquid crystal-air interface, where the elastic dipole-dipole, quadrupole-quadrupole, and dipole-quadrupole interactions are all essentially involved. The colloidal structures observed not only include chains with kinks or clusters, but also comprise directional structures, such as directional chains and branches, whose direction is associated with the tilting director in the liquid crystal layer. The dipole-quadrupole interaction, originating from the polydispersity of the droplets, plays a central role for the formation of these directional structures. Clusters consisting of directional branches and chains are also observed and found to be fractal statistically.
description: Liquid Crystals (2023)
Characterization of Exact Lumpability for Vector Fields on Smooth Manifolds
Creators: name: Horstmeyer, Leonhard
name: Atay, Fatihcan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37C10 (Primary) 34C40, 58A30, 53B05, 34A05 (Secondary)

description: We characterize the exact lumpability of smooth vector fields on smooth manifolds. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for lumpability and express them from four different perspectives, thus simplifying and generalizing various results from the literature that exist for Euclidean spaces. We introduce a partial connection on the pullback bundle that is related to the Bott connection and behaves like a Lie derivative. The lumping conditions are formulated in terms of the differential of the lumping map, its covariant derivative with respect to the connection and their respective kernels. Some examples are discussed to illustrate the theory.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures; added journal ref to title page
Theoretical study on spintronic and optical property prediction of doped magnetic Borophene
Creators: name: Koley, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two dimensional materials are attracting new research for optoelectronics and spintronics due to their unique physical properties. A wide range of emerging spintronic devices are achieved from parent and doped two dimensional materials. First-principles electronic structure calculations of a two-dimensional monolayer of borophene in its P6/mmm form is explored in this study. The electronic, magnetic, and optical properties of doped borophene are analyzed for doping with lithium, sodium, and magnesium. Density functional theory calculations advocate their good dynamical and thermal stability. Spin-polarized electronic properties of these materials are observed to be useful for predicting new spintronic materials. Additionally optical analysis exhibits the absorption peaks in monolayers along the in-plane direction. These properties of doped magnetic borophene suggest the material to be a suitable candidate for designing optoelectronic devices. The most competent spintronic material among three different doped borophenes is lithium doping that can imply a promising avenue for the fast-growing electronics industry.
Modeling and Simulation of the Current Quenching Behavior of a Line Lightning Protection Device
Creators: name: Mürmann, Mario
name: Chusov, Alexander
name: Fuchs, Roman
name: Nefedov, Alexander
name: Nordborg, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a consistent model for a Line Lightning Protection Device and demonstrate that this model can explain the two modes of current quenching -- impulse quenching and current zero quenching -- observed in such devices. A dimensional analysis shows that impulse quenching can always be obtained if the power loss from the electric arcs is large enough as compared to $U_0 I_f$, where $U_0$ is the grid voltage and $I_f$ is the maximum follow current after a lightning strike. We further show that the two modes of quenching can be reproduced in a full 3D arc simulations coupled to the appropriate circuit model. This means the arc simulations can be used for optimization and development of future LLPDs.
Naturalistic Robot Arm Trajectory Generation via Representation Learning
Creators: name: Lee, Jayjun
name: Spiers, Adam J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The integration of manipulator robots in household environments suggests a need for more predictable and human-like robot motion. This holds especially true for wheelchair-mounted assistive robots that can support the independence of people with paralysis. One method of generating naturalistic motion trajectories is via the imitation of human demonstrators. This paper explores a self-supervised imitation learning method using an autoregressive spatio-temporal graph neural network for an assistive drinking task. We address learning from diverse human motion trajectory data that were captured via wearable IMU sensors on a human arm as the action-free task demonstrations. Observed arm motion data from several participants is used to generate natural and functional drinking motion trajectories for a UR5e robot arm.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Chlorine Abundances in Cool Stars
Creators: name: Maas, Z. G.
name: Pilachowski, C. A.
name: Hinkle, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chlorine abundances are reported in 15 evolved giants and one M dwarf in the solar neighborhood. The Cl abundance was measured using the vibration-rotation 1-0 P8 line of H$^{35}$Cl at 3.69851 $μ$m. The high resolution L-band spectra were observed using the Phoenix infrared spectrometer on the Kitt Peak Mayall 4m telescope. The average [$^{35}$Cl/Fe] abundance in stars with --0.72$
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
The Cryogenic Storage Ring CSR
Creators: name: von Hahn, Robert
name: Becker, Arno
name: Berg, Felix
name: Blaum, Klaus
name: Breitenfeldt, Christian
name: Fadil, Hisham
name: Fellenberger, Florian
name: Froese, Michael
name: George, Sebastian
name: Göck, Jürgen
name: Grieser, Manfred
name: Grussie, Florian
name: Guerin, Elisabeth A.
name: Heber, Oded
name: Herwig, Philipp
name: Karthein, Jonas
name: Krantz, Claude
name: Kreckel, Holger
name: Lange, Michael
name: Laux, Felix
name: Lohmann, Svenja
name: Menk, Sebastian
name: Meyer, Christian
name: Mishra, Preeti M.
name: Novotný, Oldřich
name: Connor, Aodh P. O
name: Orlov, Dmitry A.
name: Rappaport, Michael L.
name: Repnow, Roland
name: Saurabh, Sunny
name: Schippers, Stefan
name: Schröter, Claus Dieter
name: Schwalm, Dirk
name: Schweikhard, Lutz
name: Sieber, Thomas
name: Shornikov, Andrey
name: Spruck, Kaija
name: Kumar, Sudhakaran Sunil
name: Ullrich, Joachim
name: Urbain, Xavier
name: Vogel, Stephen
name: Wilhelm, Patrick
name: Wolf, Andreas
name: Zajfman, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An electrostatic cryogenic storage ring, CSR, for beams of anions and cations with up to 300 keV kinetic energy per unit charge has been designed, constructed and put into operation. With a circumference of 35 m, the ion-beam vacuum chambers and all beam optics are in a cryostat and cooled by a closed-cycle liquid helium system. At temperatures as low as (5.5 $\pm$ 1) K inside the ring, storage time constants of several minutes up to almost an hour were observed for atomic and molecular, anion and cation beams at an energy of 60 keV. The ion-beam intensity, energy-dependent closed-orbit shifts (dispersion) and the focusing properties of the machine were studied by a system of capacitive pickups. The Schottky-noise spectrum of the stored ions revealed a broadening of the momentum distribution on a time scale of 1000 s. Photodetachment of stored anions was used in the beam lifetime measurements. The detachment rate by anion collisions with residual-gas molecules was found to be extremely low. A residual-gas density below 140 cm$^{-3}$ is derived, equivalent to a room-temperature pressure below 10$^{-14}$ mbar. Fast atomic, molecular and cluster ion beams stored for long periods of time in a cryogenic environment will allow experiments on collision- and radiation-induced fragmentation processes of ions in known internal quantum states with merged and crossed photon and particle beams.
description: PDFLaTeX with 17 pages, 16 figures, 2 tables. This article has been accepted by Review of Scientific Instruments. After it is published, it will be found at http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/rsi
Power Converters and Power Quality
Creators: name: Kahle, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper discusses the subject of power quality for power converters. The first part gives an overview of most of the common disturbances and power quality issues in electrical networks for particle accelerators, and explains their consequences for accelerator operation. The propagation of asymmetrical network disturbances into a network is analysed. Quantitative parameters for network disturbances in a typical network are presented, and immunity levels for users' electrical equipment are proposed. The second part of this paper discusses the technologies and strategies used in particle accelerator networks for power quality improvement. Particular focus is given to networks supplying loads with cycling active and reactive power.
description: 26 pages, contribution to the 2014 CAS - CERN Accelerator School: Power Converters, Baden, Switzerland, 7-14 May 2014
On the Weyl and Ricci tensors of Generalized Robertson-Walker space-times
Creators: name: Mantica, Carlo Alberto
name: Molinari, Luca Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 83C20 (Primary) 53B30 (Secondary)

description: We prove theorems about the Ricci and the Weyl tensors on generalized Robertson-Walker space-times of dimension $n\ge 3$. In particular, we show that the concircular vector introduced by Chen decomposes the Ricci tensor as a perfect fluid term plus a term linear in the contracted Weyl tensor. The Weyl tensor is harmonic if and only if it is annihilated by Chen's vector, and any of the two conditions is necessary and sufficient for the GRW space-time to be a quasi-Einstein (perfect fluid) manifold. Finally, the general structure of the Riemann tensor for Robertson-Walker space-times is given, in terms of Chen's vector. A GRW space-time in n = 4 with null conformal divergence is a Robertson-Walker space-time.
description: 6 pages
Quantum Proofs
Creators: name: Vidick, Thomas
name: Watrous, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum information and computation provide a fascinating twist on the notion of proofs in computational complexity theory. For instance, one may consider a quantum computational analogue of the complexity class \class{NP}, known as QMA, in which a quantum state plays the role of a proof (also called a certificate or witness), and is checked by a polynomial-time quantum computation. For some problems, the fact that a quantum proof state could be a superposition over exponentially many classical states appears to offer computational advantages over classical proof strings. In the interactive proof system setting, one may consider a verifier and one or more provers that exchange and process quantum information rather than classical information during an interaction for a given input string, giving rise to quantum complexity classes such as QIP, QSZK, and QMIP* that represent natural quantum analogues of IP, SZK, and MIP. While quantum interactive proof systems inherit some properties from their classical counterparts, they also possess distinct and uniquely quantum features that lead to an interesting landscape of complexity classes based on variants of this model. In this survey we provide an overview of many of the known results concerning quantum proofs, computational models based on this concept, and properties of the complexity classes they define. In particular, we discuss non-interactive proofs and the complexity class QMA, single-prover quantum interactive proof systems and the complexity class QIP, statistical zero-knowledge quantum interactive proof systems and the complexity class \class{QSZK}, and multiprover interactive proof systems and the complexity classes QMIP, QMIP*, and MIP*.
description: Survey published by NOW publishers
Quantum correlations and entanglement in a model comprised of a short chain of nonlinear oscillators
Creators: name: Kalaga, J. K.
name: Kowalewska-Kudłaszyk, A.
name: Leoński, W.
name: Barasiński, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a model comprised of a chain of three Kerr-like nonlinear oscillators pumped by two modes of external coherent field. We show that the system can be treated as nonlinear quantum scissors and behave as a three-qubit model. For such situation, different types of tripartite entangled states can be generated, even when damping effects are present in the system. Some amount of such entanglement can survive even in a long-time limit. The flow of bipartite entanglement between subsystems of the model and relations among first-order correlations, second-order correlations, and the entanglement are discussed.
Accretion disks around neutron and strange stars in $\mathcal{R}^2$ gravity
Creators: name: Staykov, Kalin V.
name: Doneva, Daniela D.
name: Yazadjiev, Stoytcho S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electromagnetic spectrum of accretion disks around neutron and strange stars in $\mathcal{R}^2$ gravity. Both static and rapidly rotating models are investigated. The results are compared with the General Relativistic results. We found difference between the results in both theories of about 50\% for the electromagnetic flux and about 20\% in the luminosity for models with equal mass and angular velocity in both theories. The observed differences are much lower for models rotating with Kelperian velocity and with equal masses.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Doping-dependent superconducting physical quantities of K-doped BaFe$_2$As$_2$ obtained through infrared spectroscopy
Creators: name: Lee, Seokbae
name: Seo, Yu-Seong
name: Roh, Seulki
name: Song, Dongjoon
name: Eisaki, Hiroshi
name: Hwang, Jungseek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated four single crystals of K-doped BaFe$_2$As$_2$ (Ba-122), Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$Fe$_2$As$_2$ with $x$ = 0.29, 0.36, 0.40, and 0.51, using infrared spectroscopy. We explored a wide variety of doping levels, from under- to overdoped. We obtained the superfluid plasma frequencies ($Ω_{\mathrm{sp}}$) and corresponding London penetration depths ($λ_{\mathrm{L}}$) from the measured optical conductivity spectra. We also extracted the electron-boson spectral density (EBSD) functions using a two-parallel charge transport channel approach in the superconducting (SC) state. From the extracted EBSD functions, the maximum SC transition temperatures ($T_c^{\mathrm{Max}}$) were determined using a generalized McMillan formula and the SC coherence lengths ($ξ_{\mathrm{SC}}$) were calculated using the timescales encoded in the EBSD functions and reported Fermi velocities. We identified some similarities and differences in the doping-dependent SC quantities between the K-doped Ba-122 and the hole-doped cuprates. We expect that the various SC quantities obtained across the wide doping range will provide helpful information for establishing the microscopic pairing mechanism in Fe-pnictide superconductors.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Time-dependent Corotation Resonance in Barred Galaxies
Creators: name: Wu, Yu-Ting
name: Pfenniger, Daniel
name: Taam, Ronald E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective potential neighboring the corotation resonance region in barred galaxies is shown to be strongly time-dependent in any rotating frame because of the competition of nearby perturbations of similar strengths with differing rotation speeds. Contrary to the generally adopted assumption, that in the bar rotating frame the corotation region should possess four stationary equilibrium points (Lagrange points), with high quality N-body simulations we localize the instantaneous equilibrium points and find that they circulate or oscillate broadly in azimuth with respect to the pattern speeds of the inner or outer perturbations. This implies that at the particle level the Jacobi integral is not well conserved around the corotation radius. That is, angular momentum exchanges decouple from energy exchanges, enhancing the chaotic diffusion of stars through the corotation region.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. ApJ accepted
New Parallaxes and a Convergence Analysis for the TW Hya Association
Creators: name: Donaldson, Jessica K.
name: Weinberger, Alycia J.
name: Gagné, Jonathan
name: Faherty, Jacqueline K.
name: Boss, Alan P.
name: Keiser, Sandra A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The TW Hya Association (TWA) is a nearby stellar association with an age of $\sim$ 5-10 Myr. This is an important age for studying the late stages of star and planet formation. We measure the parallaxes of 14 candidate members of TWA. That brings to 38 the total number of individual stars with fully measured kinematics, i.e. proper motion, radial velocity, and parallax, to describe their motions through the Galaxy. We analyze these kinematics to search for convergence to a smaller volume in the past, but we find the association is never much more compact than it is at present. We show that it is difficult to measure traceback ages for associations such as TWA that have expected velocity dispersions of 1-2 km s$^{-1}$ with typical measurement uncertainties. We also use our stellar distances and pre-main-sequence evolutionary tracks to find the average age of the association of 7.9 $\pm$ 1.0 Myr. Additionally, our parallax measurement of TWA 32 indicates it should be considered a bona fide member of TWA. Two new candidate members have high membership probabilities, and we assign them TWA numbers: TWA 45 for 2MASS J11592786-4510192 and TWA 46 for 2MASS J12354615-4115531.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 24 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables
Sum uncertainty relations based on Wigner-Yanase skew information
Creators: name: Chen, Bin
name: Fei, Shao-Ming
name: Long, Gui-Lu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study sum uncertainty relations for arbitrary finite $N$ quantum mechanical observables. Some uncertainty inequalities are presented by using skew information introduced by Wigner and Yanase. These uncertainty inequalities are nontrivial as long as the observables are mutually noncommutative. The relations among these new and existing uncertainty inequalities have been investigated. Detailed examples are presented.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
Introduction of spin-orbit interaction into graphene with hydrogenation
Creators: name: Nakamura, Taketomo
name: Haruyama, Junji
name: Katsumoto, Shingo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Introduction of spin-orbit interaction (SOI) into graphene with weak hydrogenation ($\sim$0.1\%) by dissociation of hydrogen silsesquioxane resist has been confirmed through the appearance of inverse spin Hall effect. The spin current was produced by spin injection from permalloy electrodes excluding non-spin relating experimental artifact.
description: Short note
Temperature-dependent $f$-electron evolution in CeCoIn$_5$ via a comparative infrared study with LaCoIn$_5$
Creators: name: Lee, Myounghoon
name: Seo, Yu-Seong
name: Roh, Seulki
name: Lee, Seokbae
name: Kim, Jihyun
name: Kim, Junwon
name: Park, Tuson
name: Shim, Ji Hoon
name: Hwang, andJungseek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated CeCoIn$_5$ and LaCoIn$_5$ single crystals, which have the same HoCoGa$_5$-type tetragonal crystal structure, using infrared spectroscopy. However, while CeCoIn$_5$ has 4$f$ electrons, LaCoIn$_5$ does not. By comparing these two material systems, we extracted the temperature-dependent electronic evolution of the $f$ electrons of CeCoIn$_5$. We observed that the differences caused by the $f$ electrons are more obvious in low-energy optical spectra at low temperatures. We introduced a complex optical resistivity and obtained a magnetic optical resistivity from the difference in the optical resistivity spectra of the two material systems. From the temperature-dependent average magnetic resistivity, we found that the onset temperature of the Kondo effect is much higher than the known onset temperature of Kondo scattering ($\simeq$ 200 K) of CeCoIn$_5$. Based on momentum-dependent hybridization, the periodic Anderson model, and a maximum entropy approach, we obtained the hybridization gap distribution function of CeCoIn$_5$ and found that the resulting gap distribution function of CeCoIn$_5$ was mainly composed of two (small and large) components (or gaps). We assigned the small and large gaps to the in-plane and out-of-plane hybridization gaps, respectively. We expect that our results will provide useful information for understanding the temperature-dependent electronic evolution of $f$-electron systems near Fermi level.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures
Electromagnetic Compatibility of Power Converters
Creators: name: Charoy, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes the main challenges related to power converters in a scientific environment. It proposes some methods of EMC analysis, design, measurement, and EMC troubleshooting.
description: 13 pages, contribution to the 2014 CAS - CERN Accelerator School: Power Converters, Baden, Switzerland, 7-14 May 2014
Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular docking of ent-sauchinone-based amide derivatives with potential anti-invasion and anti-migration activities
Creators: name: He, Yan-Jun
name: Xiao, Di
name: Gong, Qi-Zhe
name: Zhu, Jia-Xin
name: Jiang, Xue-Yang
name: Dai, Wei-Qiang
name: Wen, Xiao-Dong
name: Feng, Feng
name: Qu, Wei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Ent-Sauchinone is a bioactive lignan isolated from Saururus chinensis (Lour.) Baill could suppress the migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. The study involves the structural modification of ent-sauchinone to augment its inhibitory effect on HCC progression and to investigate the mechanisms involved. In this study, a series of ent-sauchinone based amide derivatives were synthesised and the anticancer activities were evaluated against two hepatoma cell lines. Among them, compound 3 exhibited excellent resistance to migration and invasion by reversing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and inhibiting the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Molecular docking results indicate that compound 3 may exert its inhibitory effect on the progression of liver cancer by acting on the DNA-binding domain of STAT3. These results suggested that compound 3 could be a potential anticancer agent, especially for metastatic cancer therapy.
Derivation Hom-Lie 2-algebras and non-abelian extensions of Hom-Lie algebras
Creators: name: Song, Lina
name: Tang, Rong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we introduce the notion of a derivation of a Hom-Lie algebra and construct the corresponding strict Hom-Lie 2-algebra, which is called the derivation Hom-Lie 2-algebra. As applications, we study non-abelian extensions of Hom-Lie algebras. We show that iso- morphism classes of diagonal non-abelian extensions of a Hom-Lie algebra g by a Hom-Lie algebra h are in one-to-one correspondence with homotopy classes of morphisms from g to the derivation Hom-Lie 2-algebra DER(h).
Experimental demonstration of a crossed cubes nuller for coronagraphy and interferometry
Creators: name: Henault, Francois
name: Arezki, Brahim
name: Bourdarot, Guillaume
name: Spang, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this communication we present the first experimental results obtained on the Crossed-cubes nuller (CCN), that is a new type of Achromatic phase shifter (APS) based on a pair of crossed beamsplitter cubes. We review the general principle of the CCN, now restricted to two interferometric outputs for achieving better performance, and describe the experimental apparatus developed in our laboratory. It is cheap, compact, and easy to align. The results demonstrate a high extinction rate in monochromatic light and confirm that the device is insensitive to its polarization state. Finally, the first lessons from the experiment are summarized and discussed in view of future space missions searching for extra-solar planets located in the habitable zone, either based on a coronagraphic telescope or a sparse-aperture nulling interferometer
description: 12 pages
Weak versus strong wave turbulence in the MMT model
Creators: name: Chibbaro, Sergio
name: De Lillo, Filippo
name: Onorato, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the spirit of fluid turbulence, we consider the one-dimensional Majda-McLaughlin-Tabak (MMT) model that describes the interactions of nonlinear dispersive waves. We perform a detailed numerical study of the direct energy cascade in the defocusing regime. In particular, we consider a configuration with large-scale forcing and small scale dissipation, and we introduce three non- dimensional parameters: the ratio between nonlinearity and dispersion, ε, and the analogues of the Reynolds number, Re, i.e. the ratio between the nonlinear and dissipative time-scales, both at large and small scales. Our numerical experiments show that (i) in the limit of small ε the spectral slope observed in the statistical steady regime corresponds to the one predicted by the Weak Wave Turbulence (WWT) theory. (ii) As the nonlinearity is increased, the WWT theory breaks down and deviations from its predictions are observed. (iii) It is shown that such departures from the WWT theoretical predictions are accompanied by the phenomenon of intermittency, typical of three dimensional fluid turbulence. We calculate the structure-function as well as the probability density function of the wave field at each scale and show that the degree of intermittency depends on ε.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
MMEAD: MS MARCO Entity Annotations and Disambiguations
Creators: name: Kamphuis, Chris
name: Lin, Aileen
name: Yang, Siwen
name: Lin, Jimmy
name: de Vries, Arjen P.
name: Hasibi, Faegheh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: MMEAD, or MS MARCO Entity Annotations and Disambiguations, is a resource for entity links for the MS MARCO datasets. We specify a format to store and share links for both document and passage collections of MS MARCO. Following this specification, we release entity links to Wikipedia for documents and passages in both MS MARCO collections (v1 and v2). Entity links have been produced by the REL and BLINK systems. MMEAD is an easy-to-install Python package, allowing users to load the link data and entity embeddings effortlessly. Using MMEAD takes only a few lines of code. Finally, we show how MMEAD can be used for IR research that uses entity information. We show how to improve recall@1000 and MRR@10 on more complex queries on the MS MARCO v1 passage dataset by using this resource. We also demonstrate how entity expansions can be used for interactive search applications.
Using Regression Models to Examine the Effect of Carbon Dioxide on Fluid pH
Creators: name: King, Gracie
name: England, Alyssa
name: Douglas, Daniel
name: Holmes, Stefanie
name: Martin, Breonna
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2024

description: In this activity students will use statistics and regression models to explore the effects of carbon dioxide on blood pH by measuring pH changes that occur over time as carbon dioxide reacts with water to form carbonic acid. Physiological pH changes caused by exercise are also examined.
Electronic excitations stabilised by a degenerate electron gas in semiconductors
Creators: name: Nenstiel, C.
name: Callsen, G.
name: Nippert, F.
name: Kure, T.
name: Wagner, M. R.
name: Schlichting, S.
name: Jankowski, N.
name: Hoffmann, M. P.
name: Fritze, S.
name: Dadgar, A.
name: Krost, A.
name: Hoffmann, A.
name: Bechstedt, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excitons in semiconductors and insulators consist of fermionic subsystems, electrons and holes, whose attractive interaction facilitates bound quasiparticles with quasi-bosonic character due to even-numbered pair spins. In the presence of a degenerate electron gas, such excitons dissociate due to free carrier screening, leaving a spectrally broad and faint optical signature behind. Contrary to this expected behaviour, we have discovered pronounced emission traces in bulk, germanium-doped GaN up to 100 K, mimicking excitonic behaviour at high free electron concentrations from 3.4E19/cm3 to 8.9E19/cm3. Consequently, we show that a degenerate, three-dimensional electron gas stabilizes a novel class of quasiparticles, named collexons, by many-particle effects dominated by exchange of electrons with the Fermi gas. The observation of collexons and their stabilisation with rising doping concentration, is facilitated by a superior crystal quality due to perfect substitution of the host atom with the dopant.
Nematic Films at Chemically Structured Surfaces
Creators: name: Silvestre, Nuno M.
name: da Gama, Margarida M. Telo
name: Tasinkevych, Mykola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically the morphology of a thin nematic film adsorbed at flat substrate patterned by stripes with alternating aligning properties, normal and tangential respectively. We construct a simple "exactly-solvable" effective interfacial model where the liquid crystal distortions are accounted for via an effective interface potential. We find that chemically patterned substrates can strongly deform the nematic-air interface. The amplitude of this substrate-induced undulations increases with decreasing average film thickness and with increasing surface pattern pitch. We find a regime where the interfacial deformation may be described in terms of a material-independent universal scaling function. Surprisingly, the predictions of the effective interfacial model agree semi-quantitatively with the results of the numerical solution of a full model based on the Landau-de Gennes theory coupled to a square-gradient phase field free energy functional for a two phase system.
Orthogonal Temporal Interpolation for Zero-Shot Video Recognition
Creators: name: Zhu, Yan
name: Zhuo, Junbao
name: Ma, Bin
name: Geng, Jiajia
name: Wei, Xiaoming
name: Wei, Xiaolin
name: Wang, Shuhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Zero-shot video recognition (ZSVR) is a task that aims to recognize video categories that have not been seen during the model training process. Recently, vision-language models (VLMs) pre-trained on large-scale image-text pairs have demonstrated impressive transferability for ZSVR. To make VLMs applicable to the video domain, existing methods often use an additional temporal learning module after the image-level encoder to learn the temporal relationships among video frames. Unfortunately, for video from unseen categories, we observe an abnormal phenomenon where the model that uses spatial-temporal feature performs much worse than the model that removes temporal learning module and uses only spatial feature. We conjecture that improper temporal modeling on video disrupts the spatial feature of the video. To verify our hypothesis, we propose Feature Factorization to retain the orthogonal temporal feature of the video and use interpolation to construct refined spatial-temporal feature. The model using appropriately refined spatial-temporal feature performs better than the one using only spatial feature, which verifies the effectiveness of the orthogonal temporal feature for the ZSVR task. Therefore, an Orthogonal Temporal Interpolation module is designed to learn a better refined spatial-temporal video feature during training. Additionally, a Matching Loss is introduced to improve the quality of the orthogonal temporal feature. We propose a model called OTI for ZSVR by employing orthogonal temporal interpolation and the matching loss based on VLMs. The ZSVR accuracies on popular video datasets (i.e., Kinetics-600, UCF101 and HMDB51) show that OTI outperforms the previous state-of-the-art method by a clear margin.
Switched Mode Four-Quadrant Power Converters
Creators: name: Thurel, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper was originally presented at CAS-2004, and was slightly modified for CAS-2014. It presents a review of the key parameters that impact the design choices for a true four-quadrant power converter, in the range 1-10 kW, mainly based on switching mode converter topology. This paper will first describe the state-of-the-art for this power converter family, giving the drawbacks and advantages of different possible solutions. It will also present practical results obtained from the CERN-designed converter. It will finally give some important tips regarding critical phases like test one, when conducting a project dealing with this type of power converter.
description: 29 pages, contribution to the 2014 CAS - CERN Accelerator School: Power Converters, Baden, Switzerland, 7-14 May 2014
There and back again: A T-brane's tale
Creators: name: Bena, Iosif
name: Blåbäck, Johan
name: Minasian, Ruben
name: Savelli, Raffaele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: T-branes are supersymmetric configurations described by multiple Dp-branes with worldvolume flux and non-commuting vacuum expectation values for two of the worldvolume scalars. When these values are much larger than the string scale this description breaks down. We show that in this regime the correct description of T-branes is in terms of a single Dp-brane, whose worldvolume curvature encodes the T-brane data. We present the tale of the journey to reach this picture, which takes us through T-dualities and rugby-ball-shaped brane configurations that no eye has gazed upon before.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
Emo-StarGAN: A Semi-Supervised Any-to-Many Non-Parallel Emotion-Preserving Voice Conversion
Creators: name: Ghosh, Suhita
name: Das, Arnab
name: Sinha, Yamini
name: Siegert, Ingo
name: Polzehl, Tim
name: Stober, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Speech anonymisation prevents misuse of spoken data by removing any personal identifier while preserving at least linguistic content. However, emotion preservation is crucial for natural human-computer interaction. The well-known voice conversion technique StarGANv2-VC achieves anonymisation but fails to preserve emotion. This work presents an any-to-many semi-supervised StarGANv2-VC variant trained on partially emotion-labelled non-parallel data. We propose emotion-aware losses computed on the emotion embeddings and acoustic features correlated to emotion. Additionally, we use an emotion classifier to provide direct emotion supervision. Objective and subjective evaluations show that the proposed approach significantly improves emotion preservation over the vanilla StarGANv2-VC. This considerable improvement is seen over diverse datasets, emotions, target speakers, and inter-group conversions without compromising intelligibility and anonymisation.
description: Accepted in Interspeech 2023
Molecular dynamics simulation of twin boundary effect on deformation of Cu nanopillars
Creators: name: Sainath, G.
name: Choudhary, B. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular dynamics simulations performed on <110> Cu nanopillars revealed significant difference in deformation behavior of nanopillars with and without twin boundary. The plastic deformation in single crystal Cu nanopillar without twin boundary was dominated by twinning, whereas the introduction of twin boundary changed the deformation mode from twinning to slip consisting of leading partial followed by trailing partial dislocations. This difference in deformation behavior has been attributed to the formation of stair-rod dislocation and its dissociation in the twinned nanopillars.
description: 4 Pages, 4 figures, Journal article
Quantum Attacks on Mersenne Number Cryptosystems
Creators: name: Tiepelt, Kevin Marcel
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2018

description: Mersenne number based cryptography was introduced by Aggarwal et al. as a potential post- quantum cryptosystem in 2017. Shortly after the publication Beunardeau et al. propose a lattice based attack significantly reducing the security margins. During the NIST post-quantum project Aggarwal et al. and Szepieniec introduced a new form of Mersenne number based cryptosystems which remain secure in the presence of the lattice reduction attack. The cryptoschemes make use of error correcting codes and have a low but non-zero probability of failure during the decoding phase. In the event of a decoding failure information about the secret key may be leaked and may allow for new attacks. In the first part of this work, we analyze the Mersenne number cryptosystem and NIST submission Ramstake and identify approaches to exploit the information leaked by decoding failures. We describe different attacks on a weakened variant of Ramstake. Furthermore we pair the decoding failures with a timing attack on the code from the submission package. Both our attacks significantly reduce the security margins compared to the best known generic attack. However, our results on the weakened variant do not seem to carry over to the unweakened cryptosystem. It remains an open question whether the information flow from decoding failures can be exploited to break Ramstake. In the second part of this work we analyze the Groverization of the lattice reduction attack by Beunardeau et al.. The incorporation of classical search problem into a quantum framework promises a quadratic speedup potentially reducing the security margin by half. We give an explicit description of the quantum circuits resulting from the translation of the classical attack. This description contains, to the best of our knowledge, the first in depth description and analysis of a quantum variant of the LLL algorithm. We show that the Groverized attack requires a large (but polynomial) overhead of quantum memory.
Turning Dross Into Gold Loss: is BERT4Rec really better than SASRec?
Creators: name: Klenitskiy, Anton
name: Vasilev, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently sequential recommendations and next-item prediction task has become increasingly popular in the field of recommender systems. Currently, two state-of-the-art baselines are Transformer-based models SASRec and BERT4Rec. Over the past few years, there have been quite a few publications comparing these two algorithms and proposing new state-of-the-art models. In most of the publications, BERT4Rec achieves better performance than SASRec. But BERT4Rec uses cross-entropy over softmax for all items, while SASRec uses negative sampling and calculates binary cross-entropy loss for one positive and one negative item. In our work, we show that if both models are trained with the same loss, which is used by BERT4Rec, then SASRec will significantly outperform BERT4Rec both in terms of quality and training speed. In addition, we show that SASRec could be effectively trained with negative sampling and still outperform BERT4Rec, but the number of negative examples should be much larger than one.