cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum chemistry and quantum computers -- Testing the Bravyi-Kitaev mapping and Trotter order optimisations
Creators: name: Tranter, Andrew
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: The quantum simulation of quantum chemistry is often cited as one of the most important potential uses for emerging quantum technology. Quantum computing methods are expected to be able to perform full configuration interaction level quantum chemistry calculations with tractable computational resource requirements. However, early quantum computers are likely to be constrained in both the number of qubits available, and the number of gates that can be performed. Implementing chemical algorithms on such quantum devices will require algorithmic improvements. In this thesis, two avenues for optimisation of the canonical method for the simulation of quantum chemistry on quantum computers are discussed. The Bravyi-Kitaev transformation is an alternative to the Jordan-Wigner transformation, the canonical method of mapping electronic states and operators to states and operators of qubits. The resource implications of this transformation scheme are assessed using a variety of chemical examples. Known techniques for optimising quantum circuits for quantum chemistry are applied, and the implications for the use of the Bravyi-Kitaev transformation are considered. Trotterization – the use of Trotter-Suzuki formulae to approximate the evolution operator for the molecular Hamiltonian – is discussed. In particular, ordering schemes designed to minimise the Trotter error are described. Finally, the importance of Trotter ordering when using the Bravyi-Kitaev transformation is considered. The performance of either transformation scheme is found to be highly dependent on the Trotter ordering and level of optimisation chosen. As such, the relative merits of either transformation scheme are found to be not as simple as previously thought, although in most cases the Bravyi-Kitaev transformation is found to be advantageous. The relative merits of both mapping and ordering schemes are considered in the context of performing quantum simulation of quantum chemistry on real quantum devices. Particular focus is paid to molecular systems which are intractable to classical computational simulation. The results emphasise the need for thorough analysis of optimisation schemes, such that quantum chemistry may indeed be a principal use of early quantum computation.
Thermal Infrared Imaging to Evaluate Emotional Competences in Nursing Students: A First Approach through a Case Study
Creators: name: Marqués-Sánchez, Pilar
name: Liébana-Presa, Cristina
name: Benítez-Andrades, José Alberto
name: Gundín-Gallego, Raquel
name: Álvarez-Barrio, Lorena
name: Rodríguez-Gonzálvez, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: During nursing studies, it is crucial to develop emotional skills for both academic success and quality patient care. Utilizing technologies like thermography can be instrumental in nursing education to assess and enhance these skills. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of thermography in monitoring and improving the emotional skills of nursing students through a case study approach. The case study involved exposing a student to various emotional stimuli, including videos and music, and measuring facial temperature changes. These changes were recorded using a FLIR E6 camera across three phases: acclimatization, stimulus, and response. Environmental factors such as temperature and humidity were also recorded. Distinct thermal responses were observed for different emotions. For instance, during the acclimatization phase with video stimuli, forehead temperatures varied between positive emotions (joy: 34.5\textdegree C to 34.5\textdegree C) and negative emotions (anger: 36.1\textdegree C to 35.1\textdegree C). However, there was a uniform change in temperature during both stimulus (joy: 34.7\textdegree C to 35.0\textdegree C, anger: 35.0\textdegree C to 35.0\textdegree C) and response phases (joy: 35.0\textdegree C to 35.0\textdegree C, anger: 34.8\textdegree C to 35.0\textdegree C). Music stimuli also induced varying thermal patterns (joy: 34.2\textdegree C to 33.9\textdegree C to 33.4\textdegree C, anger: 33.8\textdegree C to 33.4\textdegree C to 33.8\textdegree C).Thermography revealed consistent thermal patterns in response to emotional stimuli, with the exception of the nose area, suggesting its suitability as a non-invasive, quantifiable, and accessible method for emotional skill training in nursing education.
title: 02_0069
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
A model for the postcollapse equilibrium of cosmological structure: truncated isothermal spheres from top-hat density perturbations
Creators: name: Shapiro, Paul R.
name: Iliev, Ilian T.
name: Raga, Alejandro C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The postcollapse structure of objects which form by gravitational condensation out of the expanding cosmological background universe is a key element in the theory of galaxy formation. Towards this end, we have reconsidered the outcome of the nonlinear growth of a uniform, spherical density perturbation in an unperturbed background universe - the cosmological ``top-hat'' problem. We adopt the usual assumption that the collapse to infinite density at a finite time predicted by the top-hat solution is interrupted by a rapid virialization caused by the growth of small-scale inhomogeneities in the initial perturbation. We replace the standard description of the postcollapse object as a uniform sphere in virial equilibrium by a more self-consistent one as a truncated, nonsingular, isothermal sphere in virial and hydrostatic equilibrium, including for the first time a proper treatment of the finite-pressure boundary condition on the sphere. The results differ significantly from both the uniform sphere and the singular isothermal sphere approximations for the postcollapse objects. These results will have a significant effect on a wide range of applications of the Press-Schechter and other semi-analytical models to cosmology. The truncated isothermal sphere solution presented here predicts the virial temperature and integrated mass distribution of the X-ray clusters formed in the CDM model as found by detailed, 3D, numerical gas and N-body dynamical simulations remarkably well. This solution allows us to derive analytically the numerically-calibrated mass-temperature and radius-temperature scaling laws for X-ray clusters which were derived empirically by Evrard, Metzler and Navarro from simulation results for the CDM model. (Shortened)
description: 29 pages, 7 ps figures, MNRAS-style, LaTeX. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Minor revisions only (including additional panel in Fig.3 and additional comparison with X-ray cluster simulations)
Nearly Flat Chern Bands in Moiré Superlattices
Creators: name: Zhang, Ya-Hui
name: Mao, Dan
name: Cao, Yuan
name: Jarillo-Herrero, Pablo
name: Senthil, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topology and electron interactions are two central themes in modern condensed matter physics. Here we propose graphene based systems where both the band topology and interaction effects can be simply controlled with electric fields. We study a number of systems of twisted double layers with small twist angle where a moiré super-lattice is formed. Each layer is chosen to be either AB stacked bilayer graphene (BG), ABC stacked trilayer graphene (TG), or hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN). In these systems a vertical applied electric field enables control of the bandwidth, and interestingly also the Chern number. We find that the Chern numbers of the bands associated with each of the two microscopic valleys can be $\pm 0,\pm 1,\pm 2, \pm 3$ depending on the specific system and vertical electrical field. We show that these graphene moiré super-lattices are promising platforms to realize a number of fascinating many-body phenomena, including (Fractional) Quantum Anomalous Hall Effects. We also discuss conceptual similarities and implications for modeling twisted bilayer graphene systems.
description: 24 pages+9 figures; version 2: changed language
Evidence for Scale-Scale Correlations in the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
Creators: name: Pando, Jesus
name: Valls-Gabaud, David
name: Fang, Li-Zhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a discrete wavelet analysis of the COBE-DMR 4yr sky maps and find a significant scale-scale correlation on angular scales from about 11 to 22 degrees, only in the DMR face centered on the North Galactic Pole. This non-Gaussian signature does not arise either from the known foregrounds or the correlated noise maps, nor is it consistent with upper limits on the residual systematic errors in the DMR maps. Either the scale-scale correlations are caused by an unknown foreground contaminate or systematic errors on angular scales as large as 22 degrees, or the standard inflation plus cold dark matter paradigm is ruled out at the $> 99%$ confidence level.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
On criteria related to the reciprocal of the Riemann zeta function
Creators: name: Patkowski, Alexander E
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We explore Fourier transforms of the reciprocal of the Riemann zeta function that have connections to the RH. A partial answer to a recently posed problem is explored by exploiting the fact that $ζ(s)\neq0$ when $\Re(s)=1.$
description: Corrected a few typos
The fine-structure constant: a new observational limit on its cosmological variation and some theoretical consequences
Creators: name: Ivanchik, A. V.
name: Potekhin, A. Y.
name: Varshalovich, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Endeavours of the unification of the four fundamental interactions have resulted in a development of theories having cosmological solutions in which low-energy limits of fundamental physical constants vary with time. The validity of such theoretical models should be checked by comparison of the theoretical predictions with observational and experimental bounds on possible time-dependences of the fundamental constants. Based on high-resolution measurements of quasar spectra, we obtain the following direct limits on the average rate of the cosmological time variation of the fine-structure constant α: |\dotα/α| < 1.9 \times 10^{-14} yr^{-1} is the most likely limit, and |\dotα/α| < 3.1 \times 10^{-14} yr^{-1} is the most conservative limit. Analogous estimates published previously, as well as other contemporary tests for possible variations of α(those based on the "Oklo phenomenon", on the primordial nucleosynthesis models, and others) are discussed and compared with the present upper limit. We argue that the present result is the most conservative one.
description: 8 pages, 2 embedded figures, 1 table, LaTeX using l-aa.sty and epsfig. Accepted for publication in A&A
Sample-to-Sample Correspondence for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation
Creators: name: Das, Debasmit
name: Lee, C. S. George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The assumption that training and testing samples are generated from the same distribution does not always hold for real-world machine-learning applications. The procedure of tackling this discrepancy between the training (source) and testing (target) domains is known as domain adaptation. We propose an unsupervised version of domain adaptation that considers the presence of only unlabelled data in the target domain. Our approach centers on finding correspondences between samples of each domain. The correspondences are obtained by treating the source and target samples as graphs and using a convex criterion to match them. The criteria used are first-order and second-order similarities between the graphs as well as a class-based regularization. We have also developed a computationally efficient routine for the convex optimization, thus allowing the proposed method to be used widely. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, computer simulations were conducted on synthetic, image classification and sentiment classification datasets. Results validated that the proposed local sample-to-sample matching method out-performs traditional moment-matching methods and is competitive with respect to current local domain-adaptation methods.
description: Final version appeared in Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence. Mostly, the related work in this version is different from the published version
Scaling Evolution of Universal Dark-Matter Halo Density Profiles
Creators: name: Raig, A.
name: Gonzalez-Casado, G.
name: Salvador-Sole, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark-matter halos show a universal density profile with a scaling such that less massive systems are typically denser. This mass-density relation is well described by a proportionality between the characteristic density of halos and the mean cosmic density at halo formation time. It has recently been shown that this proportionality could be the result of the following simple evolutionary picture. Halos form in major mergers with essentially the same, cosmogony-dependent, dimensionless profile, and then grow inside-outside, as a consequence of accretion. Here we verify the consistency of this picture and show that it predicts the correct zero point of the mass-density relation.
description: 9 pages, 1 Table and 1 postscript figure, latex uses aaspp4.sty, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Reevaluating LSST's Capability for Time Delay Measurements in Quasar Accretion Discs
Creators: name: Nuñez, F. Pozo
name: Czerny, B.
name: Panda, S.
name: Kovacevic, A.
name: Brandt, W.
name: Horne, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) at the Vera C. Rubin Observatory is poised to observe thousands of quasars using the Deep Drilling Fields (DDF) across six broadband filters over a decade. Understanding quasar accretion disc (AD) time delays is pivotal for probing the physics of these distant objects. Pozo Nuñez et al. (2023) has recently demonstrated the feasibility of recovering AD time delays with accuracies ranging from 5\% to 20\%, depending on the quasar's redshift and time sampling intervals. Here we reassess the potential for measuring AD time delays under the current DDF observing cadence, which is placeholder until a final cadence is decided. We find that contrary to prior expectations, achieving reliable AD time delay measurements for quasars is significantly more challenging, if not unfeasible, due to the limitations imposed by the current observational strategies.
description: Accepted as a research note in RNAAS; 3 pages, 1 figure
Recurvirostra Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Charadriiformes
Recurvirostridae
Recurvirostra

description: Recurvirostra [gen. nov.]
Rostrum depresso-planum, acuminatum, recurvatum.
Pedes palmati, tetradactyli.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 151, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Multiplicity upon restriction to the derived subgroup
Creators: name: Adler, Jeffrey D.
name: Prasad, Dipendra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E50

description: We present a conjecture on multiplicity of irreducible representations of a subgroup $H$ contained in the irreducible representations of a group $G$, with $G$ and $H$ having the same derived groups. We point out some consequences of the conjecture, and verification of some of the consequences. We give an explicit example of multiplicity $2$ upon restriction, as well as certain theorems in the context of classical groups where the multiplicity is $1$.
description: Removed the former Section 6, whose main result is proved by others
Modeling methodology for the accurate and prompt prediction of symptomatic events in chronic diseases
Creators: name: Pagán, Josué
name: Risco-Martín, José L.
name: Moya, José M.
name: Ayala, José L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Prediction of symptomatic crises in chronic diseases allows to take decisions before the symptoms occur, such as the intake of drugs to avoid the symptoms or the activation of medical alarms. The prediction horizon is in this case an important parameter in order to fulfill the pharmacokinetics of medications, or the time response of medical services. This paper presents a study about the prediction limits of a chronic disease with symptomatic crises: the migraine. For that purpose, this work develops a methodology to build predictive migraine models and to improve these predictions beyond the limits of the initial models. The maximum prediction horizon is analyzed, and its dependency on the selected features is studied. A strategy for model selection is proposed to tackle the trade off between conservative but robust predictive models, with respect to less accurate predictions with higher horizons. The obtained results show a prediction horizon close to 40 minutes, which is in the time range of the drug pharmacokinetics. Experiments have been performed in a realistic scenario where input data have been acquired in an ambulatory clinical study by the deployment of a non-intrusive Wireless Body Sensor Network. Our results provide an effective methodology for the selection of the future horizon in the development of prediction algorithms for diseases experiencing symptomatic crises.
Post-Newtonian spin-tidal couplings for compact binaries
Creators: name: Abdelsalhin, Tiziano
name: Gualtieri, Leonardo
name: Pani, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the spin-tidal couplings that affect the dynamics of two orbiting bodies at the leading order in the post-Newtonian (PN) framework and to linear order in the spin. These corrections belong to two classes: (i) terms arising from the coupling between the ordinary tidal terms and the point-particle terms, which depend on the standard tidal Love numbers of order $l$ and affect the gravitational-wave (GW) phase at $(2l+5/2)$PN order and (ii) terms depending on the rotational tidal Love numbers, recently introduced in previous work, that affect the GW phase at $(2l+1/2+δ_{2l})$PN order. For circular orbits and spins orthogonal to the orbital plane, all leading-order spin-tidal terms enter the GW phase at $1.5$PN order relative to the standard, quadrupolar, tidal deformability term (and, thus, before the standard octupolar tidal deformability terms). We present the GW phase that includes all tidal terms up to $6.5$PN order and to linear order in the spin. We comment on a conceptual issue related to the inclusion of the rotational tidal Love numbers in a Lagrangian formulation and on the relevance of spin-tidal couplings for parameter estimation in coalescing neutron-star binaries and for tests of gravity.
description: a few typos corrected, matches version published in PRD
Rising to the top: a developmental-ecological case study exploring the development of underrepresented young black men in higher education
Creators: name: Wilson, Bianca Sebiana Bailey
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Research on the educational development of young black men and other underrepresented students has explored many areas but has overwhelmingly addressed this topic through a Bourdiesian lens, exploring the role of social inequalities and disadvantage on their education (Archer & Francis, 2007; Byfield, 2008; Dumangane, 2017; Reay, Crozier & Clayton, 2009; Rollock, 2007, 2012). While this approach is justified as Bourdieu’s theory of capital (1986) provides insight into the social inequalities that exist in society, it does little to highlight the role of the individual on their development (Bronfenbrenner, 1979, 2005) and how their sense of agency, their efficacy and their motivations influence their engagement and experiences (Deci & Ryan, 2000). This thesis sought to address this, investigating black male educational development from a developmental-ecological viewpoint (Bronfenbrenner, 2005). Through an instrumental case study evaluation (Stake, 1995) of the Amos Bursary, a charitable organisation supporting underprivileged young black men from London, this study drew on US research (Renn et al., 2003; Renn & Arnold, 2003; Arnold, Lu & Armstrong, 2012) to explore the relationship between the developing young black man and their environment on their educational and career development. Moving away from the metanarrative of young black men as underachievers towards one where achievement and success are possible (Harper, 2012), this study used mixed qualitative methods such as graphic methods (Bagnioli, 2009) and participatory evaluation methods (Douthwaite et al., 2008) to explore the role of the environment in supporting young black men to become hopeful for the future (Little, Snyder & Wehemeyer, 2006) and to become more competent in their ability to navigate the system (Renn & Arnold, 2003; Bronfenbrenner, 2001b). It concludes with the presentation of DETUS (Developmental-Ecological-Theory for Underrepresented -Students), a theory for positive underrepresented student development that can be used by professionals and researchers to support more students to achieve their goals.
Thermodynamics of a gas of hadrons with attractive and repulsive interaction within S-matrix formalism
Creators: name: Dash, Ashutosh
name: Samanta, Subhasis
name: Mohanty, Bedangadas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the effect of including repulsive interactions on various thermodynamic observables calculated using a S-matrix based Hadron Resonance Gas (HRG) model to already available corresponding results with only attractive interactions [A. Dash, S. Samanta, and B. Mohanty, Phys. Rev. C 97, 055208 (2018)]. The attractive part of the interaction is calculated by parameterizing the two body phase shifts using K-matrix formalism while the repulsive part is included by fitting to the experimental phase shifts which carry the information about the nature of the interaction. We find that the bulk thermodynamic variables for a gas of hadrons such as energy density, pressure, entropy density, speed of sound and specific heat are suppressed by the inclusion of repulsive interactions and are more pronounced for second and higher order correlations and fluctuations, particularly for the observables $χ^2_Q$, $χ^2_B-χ^4_B$ and $C_{BS}$ in the present model. We find a good agreement between lattice QCD simulations and the present model for $C_{BS}$. We have also computed two leading order Fourier coefficients of the imaginary part of the first order baryonic susceptibility at imaginary baryon chemical potential within this model and compared them with the corresponding results from lattice. Additionally, assuming that the value of interacting pressure versus temperature for a gas of hadrons calculated in S-matrix formalism is same as that from a van der Waals HRG (VDWHRG) model, we have quantified the attractive and repulsive interactions in our model in terms of attractive and repulsive parameters used in the VDWHRG model. The values of parameters thus obtained are $a=1.54\pm 0.064$ GeV $\text{fm}^{3}$ and $r=0.81\pm 0.014$ fm.
title: 01_1994
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
The effects of nitrogen availability on the response of terrestrial ecosystems to elevated carbon dioxide
Creators: name: Terrer Moreno, César
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Human activities are increasing the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, warming the planet. Terrestrial ecosystems currently sequester about a quarter of human CO2 emissions, slowing climate change. The principal mechanism believed to be responsible for this is an increasing rate of plant growth (that is, “CO2 fertilization”). However, the fate of this ecosystem service is uncertain, as it has been proposed that soil nitrogen (N) availability will limit plants’ capacity to continue absorbing increasing quantities of CO2. Whether N will limit the CO2 fertilization effect in the future will determine the rate at which human CO2 emissions will accumulate in the atmosphere, thereby influencing the climate. In this thesis, I have collected and synthesized the large body of information about the N limitation of CO2 fertilization, using data from experiments in which atmospheric CO2 concentration is manipulated. I have found that the hypothesis that the increase in the strength of the CO2 fertilization effect will be eliminated by restricted N availability is simplistic. Based on the experimental data available, I have found evidence supporting a mechanism by which plants under elevated CO2 can acquire additional N in exchange for carbohydrates via symbiotic fungi. Using this framework, I have quantified the magnitude of the terrestrial CO2 fertilization effect on plant biomass worldwide, and identified the areas of the global land mass that could potentially experience a greater enhancement in biomass under elevated CO2. I propose a framework and areas of further research that may help models better simulate the interactions between the carbon and nitrogen cycles under elevated CO2 using a plant- economics approach, in which nitrogen is a resource that can be acquired by plants in exchange for energy.
Social network analysis for personalized characterization and risk assessment of alcohol use disorders in adolescents using semantic technologies
Creators: name: Benítez-Andrades, José Alberto
name: García-Rodríguez, Isaías
name: Benavides, Carmen
name: Alaiz-Moretón, Héctor
name: Rodríguez-González, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a major concern for public health organizations worldwide, especially as regards the adolescent population. The consumption of alcohol in adolescents is known to be influenced by seeing friends and even parents drinking alcohol. Building on this fact, a number of studies into alcohol consumption among adolescents have made use of Social Network Analysis (SNA) techniques to study the different social networks (peers, friends, family, etc.) with whom the adolescent is involved. These kinds of studies need an initial phase of data gathering by means of questionnaires and a subsequent analysis phase using the SNA techniques. The process involves a number of manual data handling stages that are time consuming and error-prone. The use of knowledge engineering techniques (including the construction of a domain ontology) to represent the information, allows the automation of all the activities, from the initial data collection to the results of the SNA study. This paper shows how a knowledge model is constructed, and compares the results obtained using the traditional method with this, fully automated model, detailing the main advantages of the latter. In the case of the SNA analysis, the validity of the results obtained with the knowledge engineering approach are compared to those obtained manually using the UCINET, Cytoscape, Pajek and Gephi to test the accuracy of the knowledge model.
Recurvirostra avosetta Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Charadriiformes
Recurvirostridae
Recurvirostra
Recurvirostra avosetta

description: Recurvirostra avosetta [spec. nov.]
R. albo nigroque varia. It. oel. 89. Fn. svec. 137.
Avosetta s. Recurvirostra. Gesn. av. 232. Aldr. orn. l. 19. c. 64. Will. orn. 240. t. 60. Raj. av. 117. Mars. danub. 5. p. 72. t. 34. Alb. av. 1. p. 96. t. 101.
Habitat in Europa australiore.
Migrat in Italiam, rarissima apud nos.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 151, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Two-local qubit Hamiltonians: when are they stoquastic?
Creators: name: Klassen, Joel
name: Terhal, Barbara M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the problem of determining if a 2-local Hamiltonian is stoquastic by local basis changes. We analyze this problem for two-qubit Hamiltonians, presenting some basic tools and giving a concrete example where using unitaries beyond Clifford rotations is required in order to decide stoquasticity. We report on simple results for $n$-qubit Hamiltonians with identical 2-local terms on bipartite graphs. Our most significant result is that we give an efficient algorithm to determine whether an arbitrary $n$-qubit XYZ Heisenberg Hamiltonian is stoquastic by local basis changes.
description: 24 pages
Radio-quiet QSO environments - I. The correlation of QSOs and bj<23 galaxies
Creators: name: Croom, S. M.
name: Shanks, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present results of an analysis of radio-quiet QSO environments. The aim is to determine the relation between QSOs and galaxies as a function of redshift. We cross-correlate a sample of ~150 QSOs from optically and X-ray selected catalogues with faint, bj<23, galaxies. These data allow us to probe the galaxy clustering environment of QSOs out to z~1.0-1.5. Far from giving a positive correlation, at z<1.5 the QSO-galaxy cross-correlation function is marginally negative, with w(theta<120'')=-0.027+-0.020. Colour information suggests that the anti-correlation is most significant between the QSOs and the red galaxy population. We have constructed models to predict the QSO-galaxy cross-correlation, using the known form of the galaxy N(z) at bj<23, and assuming a variety of clustering evolution rates. Cases in which QSOs exist in rich cluster environments are comfortably ruled out at more than 5sigma and the results are more consistent with a `normal' galaxy environment for radio-quiet QSOs. If the small anti-correlation is interpreted as an effect of gravitational lensing, this conclusion is not altered. In this case, the data are only ~1sigma below the low clustering amplitude models, while the high amplitude models are still comfortably rejected. We therefore conclude that these QSOs may not be much more highly biased than optically selected galaxies.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Unsteady flow around bluﬀ bodies spanning thin rectangular ducts
Creators: name: Harland, David George
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: This project consists of a two-pronged computational and experimental approach to the study of ﬂow in closed, thin rectangular ducts with a partial cubic blockage. Results are presented at three diﬀerent bulk Reynolds numbers, ReD = 5600, 10400 and 15600, based on the channel height, which is also the blockage dimension. The new experimental data produced consists of ﬂuctuating pressure measurements at the cube surface, with 2D-2C PIV snapshots captured simultaneously in the wake region. In addition to this, DNS data is produced at the lowest Reynolds number of ReD = 5600, allowing more detailed comparisons where PIV laser access was not possible. Comparisons are drawn between the data and URANS CFD simulations. A literature review and preliminary testing process narrowed down the considered URANS models to the two-layer k−ε model and the Elliptic Blending Reynolds Stress Model, or EBRSM. In the light of the new data, these two URANS models are compared in order to better understand their strengths and weaknesses. Particular regard is given to the prediction of large-scale unsteady behaviour, with a focus on vortex shedding. This unsteady phenomenon was found to be present and to have a signiﬁcant eﬀect on the ﬂow in the near-cube and wake regions. Results show that certain aspects of this behaviour are captured with only limited accuracy by the URANS models tested. As a result, inaccuracies are also found in the mean simulated velocity ﬁelds. The shortcomings appear more pronounced at higher ﬂow rates. At a given ﬂow rate, they are more severe in regions of the ﬂow where organised unsteadiness is large relative to the mean values. It is suggested that inaccuracies in mean URANS predictions are a result of limitations in model capability for unsteady ﬂows, and that validation cases may be pertinent to address this.
Two-photon minimal inertia scanning patterns for fast acquisition of calcium dynamics
Creators: name: Schuck, Renaud
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Development of optical technologies aiming to reverse engineer neural circuits has been flourishing over the past two decades. Multi-Photon Laser Scanning Microscopy (MPLMS) together with the development of fast kinetic fluorescent calcium dyes has revolutionised the world of modern neuroscience. This technology enables mesoscale functional imaging in deep scattering brain tissues of large two (2D) and three dimensional (3D) neural networks. With single cell sensitivity in vitro as well as in vivo, it is one of the main contenders for deciphering higher brain functions. My approach in this thesis is to develop and test new scanning techniques for fast functional calcium imaging aiming to enhance the temporal precision of the acquisition. To avoid the slow and sequential "point" raster scanning nature of these Galvanometric Scanners (GSs) based microscopes, I developed new 2D and 3D scanning algorithms. These algorithms were developed in MATLAB with a simulation platform that models the main mechanical elements of the MPLSM. Both my 2D Adaptive Spiral Scanning (SSA) algorithm and my 3D Orbital Scanning Trajectory (OST) algorithm were developed to minimize the inertial slowdowns of the GSs and Electrical Tunable Lens (ETL) and therefore increase the temporal resolution of the acquisition. In 2D, I tested the SSA algorithm on in vitro hippocampal brain slices loaded with the synthetic calcium dye Cal520. To assess the performance of the scanning technique, I used the Cramer-Rao Bound (CRB) as a metric for signal quality. The CRB estimates the time of occurrence of an Action Potential (AP) from the calcium imaging data, taking into account the sampling frequency and the SNR of the acquisition. In this thesis, I show that the use of scanning strategies enables sampling rates one order of magnitude higher than traditional frame scanning in functional calcium imaging. I also show that frame scanning needs considerably higher SNR values than scanning strategies to reach the same temporal precision. In 3D, I implemented the scanning algorithms into the software and hardware of the MPLSM and recorded the trajectory of the focal point with a high-speed camera as a proof of principle. More analyses regarding the precision of the paths needs to be carried out in 3D for functional calcium imaging in vitro or in vivo. These software-based scanning strategies are attractive as they are inexpensive, easily transferable from one setup to another and enable fast functional calcium imaging with standard commercial MPSLMs. Finally, through this implementation of scanning strategies, I recorded multiple data sets of spontaneous and evoked activity in populations of Dentate Granular Cells (DGCs). This lead to the new beginning of a larger in vitro investigation at the microcircuit level on the functionality of the DG.
A Narrowband Imaging Search for [OIII] Emission from Galaxies at z>3
Creators: name: Teplitz, Harry I.
name: Malkan, Matthew A.
name: McLean, Ian S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a narrow-band survey of QSO fields at redshifts that place the [OIII](5007) emission line in the 1% 2.16micron filter. We have observed 3 square arcminutes and detected one emission line candidate object in the field around PC 1109+4642. We discuss the possibilities that this object is a star-forming galaxy at the QSO redshift, z_em=3.313 or a Seyfert galaxy. In the former case, we infer a star formation rate of 170 Msun/yr for this Kprime=21.3 object. The galaxy has a compact but resolved morphology, with a FWHM=0.6arcs, or 4.2kpc at z=3.313 (H_0=50 km/s/Mpc and q_0=0.5). The comoving density of such objects in QSO environments appears to be 0.0033Mpc^3, marginally lower (<= 3sigma) than the density observed for Halpha-emitters in absorption-line fields at z~2.5, but similar to the density of Lyman Break Galaxies at z~3. If on the other hand, most of the line emission is [OIII] from a Seyfert 2 nucleus at z=3.31, then the high inferred volume density could imply a large evolution in the Seyfert 2 luminosity function from the current epoch. We find the field containing the object to also contain many faint extended objects in the Kprime image, but little significant excess over the expected number-magnitude relation. We discuss the implication of the emission line being a longer wavelength line at a lower redshift.
description: 19 pages, including 4 figures, accepted for publication by ApJ
Neutron disappearance inside the nucleus
Creators: name: Ejiri, H.
name: Vergados, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the possibility that a neutron may disappear inside the nucleus, which will demonstrate the existence of baryon violating $ΔB=1$ interactions. It has recently been proposed that such a process may have an effect on the free neutron decay life time. We evaluate the widths for $n\rightarrow χ$ and $n\rightarrow χγ$, with $χ$ being a light dark matter particle emitted by a loosely bound neutron in various light nuclei. We find that, assuming a mass $m_χ$ close to 938 MeV, the obtained width for $n\rightarrow χ$ in $^{11}$Be is much larger than the corresponding beta decay width. This suggests a severe limit on the possible decay channel of $n \rightarrow χγ$ for free neutron.
description: 3 figures, 1 table. References added.To appear 2018 J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6471/aaf55b arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1801.01124, arXiv:1203.3081 by other authors
The role of visual attention in product selection
Creators: name: Luca, Ruxandra Monica
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: The visual system is equipped with the ability to scan the environment for both threats and rewards. New and relevant objects draw more attention at the expense of old and irrelevant objects. Similarly, the online world barrages the consumer with pop-up advertisements (ads), some of which are more relevant than others. This research project explores why flashing ads attract attention in some, but not all, circumstances. Three main experiments, one replication, three pilot studies, and two pre-tests, were conducted. A mechanism of attention called Inhibition of Return (IOR) exemplifies how reaction time to a cue (ad) and a target (product) can be moderated by the timing between these two stimuli. In experiment 1, the spatial properties of IOR were observed, whereby participants were instructed to react to the location of a target. In experiment 2, participants were instructed to indicate the color of the target rather than its location. Both spatial and color IOR were observed. In experiment 3, participants responded to and rated unique objects. Color IOR became more prevalent because the complexity of the task increased. Overall, participants were faster to respond to the target when the cue appeared in the same location or shared the same color, but only under specific timing manipulations, which were reversible. These experiments demonstrated that visual disruptions can enhance and inhibit attention, depending on the timing of the stimuli, which can be used by website designers to optimize the timing of pop-ads.
Front tracking finite element methods for two-phase Navier-Stokes flow
Creators: name: Agnese, Marco
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Fluid flow problems with a moving interface are found in many applications in physics and engineering. In these type of problems, apart from the unknown flow in the bulk domain, also the position of the free surface needs to be determined. The goal of this thesis is to investigate front tracking finite element methods applied to two-phase incompressible Navier–Stokes flows. The front tracking approach consists on seeking a parametrization of the unknown interface over a reference manifold. A novel variational formulation for the interface evolution is used. This formulation preserves, in general, the interface mesh quality over time. Moreover, being a fitted approach, the interface mesh is made up of faces of elements belonging to the bulk mesh. Several fully discrete finite element approximations are derived and, wherever possible, stability and existence results are proved. In order to demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of the proposed algorithms, extensive numerical experiments are carried out, both in 2d and in 3d. A variety of finite element spaces are used. Smoothing and remeshing routines are applied to the bulk mesh to avoid heavily distorted simplicies.
Developing a Land Ethic: Applying Aldo Leopold’s Principles to Our Local Environmental Challenges
Creators: name: Oyamaguchi, Hilton
name: Contosta, David
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2025

description: This lesson plan engages students in understanding and applying Aldo Leopold's Land Ethic to current real-world contexts, specifically focusing on the Chestnut Hill College campus and the adjacent Wissahickon Valley Park, Philadelphia, PA. It emphasizes the intrinsic value of nature, the interconnectedness of all life forms, and the need for ethical stewardship of the environment.