cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An Optical Biosensor Towards Urinary Tract Infection Diagnosis
Creators: name: Béland, Paul
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2015
Subjects: Medical optics and biotechnology
Urology
Biological sensing and sensors
Surface plasmons;
Integrated optics devices
Waveguides, planar
Plasmonics.
Bacteria

description: We explore a new laboratory technique in the field of urinalysis promising a combination of speed and selectivity in support of urinary tract infection diagnosis. Laboratory experimentation demonstrates long range surface plasmon polaritons (LRSPP) waveguides as a useful biosensor to selectively detect gram negative bacteria or gram positive bacteria in human urine. The biosensor can detect bacteria at concentration of 105 CFU/ml, the internationally recommended threshold for diagnostic of urinary tract infection (UTI). Using a negative control solution at bacterial concentration 1000x higher than the targeted bacteria in urine with a weak concentration of constituents, the power ratio between the negative control signals to the target bacteria signal is measured to be 5.4. Thus we report a conclusive demonstration of the LRSPP waveguide biosensor selectivity to the gram of bacteria in human urine. In addition, the biosensor may prove useful as an alternative urinalysis test method to determine the urine specific gravity, to estimate proteinuria, and to detect biofilm formation on surfaces.
The Role of SIR4 in the Establishment of Heterochromatin in the Budding Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Creators: name: Parsons, Michelle L.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2014
Subjects: yeast
budding yeast
saccharomyces cerevisiae
silencing
heterochromatin
Dot1
HMR
telomere
histone modification
SIR protein
SIR4
cell cycle
pheromone
alpha factor

description: Heterochromatin in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is composed of polymers of the SIR (Silent Information Regulator) complex bound to nucleosomal DNA. Assembly of heterochromatin requires all three proteins of the Sir complex: the histone deacetylase Sir2, and histone binding proteins Sir3 and Sir4. Heterochromatin establishment requires passage through at least one cell cycle, but is not dependent on replication. Inhibition of chromatin modifying enzymes may be a mechanism for how cells limit assembly. Dot1 dependent methylation of H3K79 is suggested to inhibit de novo assembly. Halving the levels of Sir4 in cells causes a loss of silencing, suggesting that Sir4 protein abundance regulates the assembly of heterochromatin. We examine de novo assembly using a single cell assay. Half the level of Sir4 affects establishment, but not the maintenance, of silencing at HM loci. Additional Sir4 accelerates the rate of assembly. Epistasis analysis suggests that Dot1 dependent chromatin modification may act upstream of Sir4 abundance. We hypothesize that dot1Δ mutants speed assembly by disrupting telomeric heterochromatin, which liberates Sir4 to act at the HM loci. Deletion of YKU70, which specifically disrupts telomeric silencing, also speeds de novo assembly, without altering the methylation of histone H3. Consistent with our model, we have shown that Sir4 abundance falls during pheromone and stationary phase arrests after which several cell cycles are required before silencing can be reestablished.
Developing Guidelines for Program Evaluation in Community-Based Rehabilitation
Creators: name: Grandisson, Marie
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2015
Subjects: Community-based rehabilitation
CBR
Evaluation
Program evaluation
Guidelines
Methods
Process
Framework

description: Community-based rehabilitation (CBR) is an inclusive community development strategy implemented for and by people with disabilities in resource-poor areas. The scarcity of guidelines for CBR program evaluation largely contributes to its insufficient and fragmented evidence base. This thesis aimed to advance knowledge in this field by defining best evaluative practices in CBR and developing guidelines to foster sound CBR program evaluation. To achieve this, the doctoral candidate designed a sequential mixed methods study in three research phases: 1) a systematic literature review to identify potential best practice guidelines, 2) a field study in South Africa to pilot the guidelines, and 3) a Delphi study to generate expert consensus and refine the guidelines. Findings from this doctoral research emphasize the importance of giving a voice and control to those most affected by the program throughout the evaluation process, including people with disabilities. The findings also call for embracing the challenge of diversity by adapting CBR program evaluation to local cultures and languages, and by ensuring that programs leave no one behind. In addition, they indicate that CBR evaluators can foster the use of process and findings by endorsing a rigourous, collaborative and empowering approach. Ten best practice guidelines for CBR program evaluation were systematically developed through the three phases and represent expert consensus. They offer much-needed directions. Three represent features of sound CBR program evaluation processes, six offer indications to facilitate sound methodological decisions, and one recommends using a common framework to situate evaluation findings. The guidelines now need to be piloted in a range of CBR contexts and linked with tools to yield the valid and reliable data necessary to establishing CBR’s evidence base and ensuring that program evaluations lead to positive change in local communities.
Additional file 1 of The Alzheimer’s disease-associated protective Plcγ2-P522R variant promotes immune functions
Creators: name: Takalo, Mari
name: Wittrahm, Rebekka
name: Wefers, Benedikt
name: Parhizkar, Samira
name: Jokivarsi, Kimmo
name: Kuulasmaa, Teemu
name: Mäkinen, Petra
name: Martiskainen, Henna
name: Wurst, Wolfgang
name: Xianyuan Xiang
name: Marttinen, Mikael
name: Poutiainen, Pekka
name: Annakaisa Haapasalo
name: Hiltunen, Mikko
name: Haass, Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Representative Sanger-sequencing chromatograms of the Plcγ2 on-target site and the seven putative off target sites of a heterozygous F1 animal. Mixed peaks in the Plcγ2 locus show the correct P522R substitution (CCC > AGG, on complementary strand) and a silent mutation for genotyping purposes. Underlined: Protospacer; arrowhead: putative cut site; green letters: PAM site on shown strand; red letters: PAM site on complementary strand.
Transiting from school science to real engineering by employing materials science and engineering concepts within the school programme
Creators: name: Blicblau, Aaron
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Many scientific principles can be learnt by an understanding of materials behaviour in different physical, environmental and chemical situations. In the primary school these principles are often implemented by utilizing everyday materials for use in art or hobby applications. In the high school, as students learn some basic science and mathematics, they can apply this knowledge to analyze the behaviour of materials as components or structures. This is often achieved from a constructivist approach where students learn by doing. A first year course in materials science and engineering was developed with the realization of students’ basic knowledge of scientific concepts and principles gained from junior and senior school.
Dissecting Selective Translation of HSP90 mRNA in Mammalian Cells
Creators: name: Shaikho, Sarah
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: HSP90

description: Mammalian Hsp90 is a ubiquitous molecular chaperone that undergoes selective translation under stress. However, the precise control mechanism of HSP90 translation is yet to be elucidated. Polysome profiling has revealed that HSP90α mRNA is selectively translated, although global translation is inhibited during heat shock. A genetic screen identified two ribosomal proteins, RPL36A and RPL42, as translation regulators of yeast HSP90. I found that knockdown of either RPL36 or RPL36A, mammalian homologs of the yeast ribosomal proteins, modulates HSP90α expression under basal and heat shock condition, suggesting that the selective translation mechanism is conserved between humans and yeast. Profile expression in rhabdomyosarcoma cell line revealed a correlation between HSP90 protein levels and RPL36/RPL36A expression, suggesting that they might be the drivers behind elevated HSP90 expression. Interestingly, a higher level of RPL36 and RPL36A rendered cells less sensitive to HSP90 inhibitor, suggesting that they may be predictors of HSP90 inhibitor resistance.
Perispuda Forster 1869
Creators: name: Watanabe, Kyohei
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Perispuda

description: Genus Perispuda Förster, 1869
 Genarches Förster, 1869: 200. Type species: Mesoleptus facialis Gravenhorst, 1829. Designated by Perkins (1962).
 Perispuda Förster, 1869: 205. Type species: Mesoleptus facialis Gravenhorst, 1829. Designated by Viereck (1914).
 Zaplethis Förster, 1869: 205. Type species: Mesoleptus facialis Gravenhorst, 1807. Designated by Perkins (1962).
 Perispudus Thomson, 1888: 1261. Emendation.
 A single species, Peris. angularis (Uchida, 1952), has been recorded from Japan. In this study, I newly record Peris. bibullata Sheng, 1999, from Japan below. The Japanese specimens of this species are slightly different from the type series collected from China, thus I redescribe this species based on Japanese materials.
description: Published as part of Watanabe, Kyohei, 2024, Taxonomic Study of Japanese Ctenopelmatinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae), with Descriptions of 22 New Species, pp. 39-102 in Bulletin of the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum (Natural Science) 53 on page 85, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13237363
Bioleaching of low-grade nickel sulphide ore at elevated pH
Creators: name: Cameron, Rory
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2011
Subjects: bioleaching
pentlandite
bio-oxidation
nickel sulphide ore
nickel sulfide ore
stirred-tank reactor
serpentine
ultramafic

description: This thesis examines the bioleaching of six different Canadian nickel sulphide ores at pH levels above what is generally considered optimum (~ 2). The majority of work discussed in this thesis was conducted with a low-grade metamorphosed ultramafic nickel sulphide ore from Manitoba, Canada (Ore 3), which is not currently exploitable with conventional technologies. The ore contains 21% magnesium and 0.3% nickel. Nickel is the only significant metal value, and is present primarily as pentlandite. A substantial fraction of the magnesium is present as the serpentine mineral lizardite, making processing difficult with conventional pyro- and biohydrometallurgical techniques. The work with this ore has two equally important objectives: to minimize magnesium mobilization and to obtain an acceptable level of nickel extraction. Batch stirred-tank bioleaching experiments were conducted with finely ground ore ( 147 µm) with temperature and pH control. The first phase of experimentation examined the effect of pH (2 to 6) at 30 °C, and the second phase examined all combinations of three pH levels (3, 4 and 5) and five temperatures (5, 15, 22.5, 30, and 45 °C).
Model-based Crawling - An Approach to Design Efficient Crawling Strategies for Rich Internet Applications
Creators: name: Dincturk, Mustafa Emre
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: Rich Internet Applications
Web Crawling
Web Applications
Modeling
Model-based Crawling
AJAX
JavaScript

description: Rich Internet Applications (RIAs) are a new generation of web applications that break away from the concepts on which traditional web applications are based. RIAs are more interactive and responsive than traditional web applications since RIAs allow client-side scripting (such as JavaScript) and asynchronous communication with the server (using AJAX). Although these are improvements in terms of user-friendliness, there is a big impact on our ability to automatically explore (crawl) these applications. Traditional crawling algorithms are not sufficient for crawling RIAs. We should be able to crawl RIAs in order to be able to search their content and build their models for various purposes such as reverse-engineering, detecting security vulnerabilities, assessing usability, and applying model-based testing techniques. One important problem is designing efficient crawling strategies for RIAs. It seems possible to design crawling strategies more efficient than the standard crawling strategies, the Breadth-First and the Depth-First. In this thesis, we explore the possibilities of designing efficient crawling strategies. We use a general approach that we called Model-based Crawling and present two crawling strategies that are designed using this approach. We show by experimental results that model-based crawling strategies are more efficient than the standard strategies.
Hepatitis C virus infection characteristics and treatment outcomes in Canadian immigrants
Creators: name: Cooper, Curtis
name: Read, Daniel
name: Vachon, Marie-Louise
name: Conway, Brian
name: Wong, Alexander
name: Ramji, Alnoor
name: Borgia, Sergio
name: Tam, Ed
name: Barrett, Lisa
name: Smyth, Dan
name: Feld, Jordan J.
name: Lee, Sam
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2020

description: Background: There are multiple obstacles encountered by immigrants attempting to engage hepatitis C virus (HCV) care and treatment. We evaluated the diversity and treatment outcomes of HCV-infected immigrants evaluated for Direct Acting Antiviral (DAA) therapy in Canada. Methods: The Canadian Network Undertaking against Hepatitis C (CANUHC) Cohort contains demographic information and DAA treatment information prospectively collected at 10 Canadian sites. Information on country of origin and race are collected. Characteristics and outcomes (sustained virological response; SVR) were compared by immigration status and race. Results: Between January 2016 and May 2018, 725 HCV-infected patients assessed for DAA therapy were enrolled in CANUHC (mean age: 52.66 ± 12.68 years); 65.66% male; 82.08% White, 5.28% Indigenous, 4.64% South East Asian, 4.64% East Indian, 3.36% Black). 18.48% were born outside of Canada. Mean age was similar [immigrants: 54.36 ± 13.95 years), Canadian-born: 52.27 ± 12.35 years); (p = 0.085)]. The overall baseline fibrosis score (in kPa measured by transient elastography) was similar among Canadian and foreign-born patients. Fibrosis score was not predicted by race or genotype. The proportion initiating DAA therapy was similar by immigrant status (56.72% vs 49.92%). SVR rates by intent-to-treat analysis were similar (immigrants-89.47%, Canadian-born-92.52%; p = 0.575). Conclusion: A diverse immigrant population is engaging care in Canada, initiating HCV antiviral therapy in an equitable fashion and achieving SVR proportions similar to Canada-born patients. Our Canadian experience may be of value in informing HCV elimination efforts in economically developed regions.
Additional file 3 of The Alzheimer’s disease-associated protective Plcγ2-P522R variant promotes immune functions
Creators: name: Takalo, Mari
name: Wittrahm, Rebekka
name: Wefers, Benedikt
name: Parhizkar, Samira
name: Jokivarsi, Kimmo
name: Kuulasmaa, Teemu
name: Mäkinen, Petra
name: Martiskainen, Henna
name: Wurst, Wolfgang
name: Xianyuan Xiang
name: Marttinen, Mikael
name: Poutiainen, Pekka
name: Annakaisa Haapasalo
name: Hiltunen, Mikko
name: Haass, Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Figure 3. A) Heat map showing all significantly (p
A Quantitative Analysis of Cognitive Impairments Following Breast Cancer Treatment
Creators: name: Ouimet, Lea Ann Maria
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2011
Subjects: breast cancer
chemotherapy
cognitive impairment
methodological issues
neuropsychological assessment

description: One in nine North American women will be diagnosed with breast cancer in their lifetime and most will receive chemotherapy as part of their treatment. Although advances in treatment have increased survivorship, some research suggests chemotherapy results in cognitive deficits in a subset of recipients, a condition known as chemo-fog, thereby compromising quality of life. However, inconsistencies in methodology and neuropsychological assessment have complicated comparison of findings. The first objective of this thesis was to review the methodological issues with an emphasis on the quantitative techniques typically employed. A comparison of group and individual based analyses found negligible effects for both univariate and multivariate approaches while individual based analyses identified severe declines in function in a subset of participants. A standardized-regression based (SRB) approach was recommended as the method of choice. Furthermore, it was recommended that the number of tests be limited since comprehensive batteries can complicate identification due to increased risk of misclassification. Therefore, the second goal of the thesis was to evaluate the sensitivity of a reduced battery to the declines associated with chemo-fog. A comprehensive neuropsychological battery comprising 23 tests was compared to a subset of nine tests. SRB analyses demonstrated that a more selective battery was equally useful and may be appropriate for identification of chemo-fog. Given the variability in the composition of neuropsychological test batteries, the final aim of this thesis was to compare the structure of the theoretical cognitive domains with ones identified through exploratory factor analyses (principle axis factoring) to evaluate the convergence between the two. The results demonstrated there is statistical support for the conceptual framework that underlies the composition of the domains. The contributions of this thesis include providing methodological guidelines for those conducting future research in this area to ensure that results are comparable across studies and are meaningful, and evaluating the utility of a screening battery to facilitate identification of chemo-fog. In addition, it was demonstrated that despite the lack of professional guidelines informing the selection and construction of neuropsychological test batteries, there is statistical evidence to support the practice of grouping tests into domains based on theoretical grounds.
Additional file 4 of The Alzheimer’s disease-associated protective Plcγ2-P522R variant promotes immune functions
Creators: name: Takalo, Mari
name: Wittrahm, Rebekka
name: Wefers, Benedikt
name: Parhizkar, Samira
name: Jokivarsi, Kimmo
name: Kuulasmaa, Teemu
name: Mäkinen, Petra
name: Martiskainen, Henna
name: Wurst, Wolfgang
name: Xianyuan Xiang
name: Marttinen, Mikael
name: Poutiainen, Pekka
name: Annakaisa Haapasalo
name: Hiltunen, Mikko
name: Haass, Christian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Figure 4. A) Immunoblot showing the levels of phosphorylated Gsk3β at S9, total Gsk3β, and LC3BI, and LC3BII in total brain lysate of Plcγ2-P522R knock-in (KI) and wild type (WT) mice at 6-month of age. Respective quantitation showing total protein normalized phospho-protein levels, Gapdh-normalized total protein levels and the ratio of LC3BII/I. Mean ± SD, % of WT, n = 3–4 per genotype. Independent samples T-test, *p
Supplementary document for A Photopolymerization Strategy for Preparation of Small-Diameter Artificial Blood Vessel with Micro-nano structure on Inner Wall - 5401890.pdf
Creators: name: Liu, Yonghao
name: Zhang, Jiawei
name: Li, Shunxin
name: Xia, Hong
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: supplementary materials
RASA3, a Key Player in Dopamine D2S Receptor-mediated MAPK Signaling
Creators: name: Ma, Xun
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2011
Subjects: Dopamine
ERK signaling
RASA3

description: The short form of dopamine D2 receptor (D2S) functions as a presynaptic autoreceptor on dopamine neurons and has an inhibitory effect on dopaminergic tone. D2-MAPKs pathway is involved in many physiological events like production of prolactin and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression. However, the effect of D2S receptor signalling on MAPKs is cell type specific, and is not fully understood.A recent study in our lab has identified a Gαi-interacting ras-MAPK inhibitor RASA3. Here, we showed that RASA3 is the key effector in D2-induced inhibition of MAPK by knockdown of endogenous RASA3 in the GH4 cell using RASA3 siRNA. We have also transfected a dominant negative RASA3 to compete with the endogenous RASA3 for the binding site on Ras. Both RASA3-siRNA and dominant negative RASA3 blocked D2S-induced inhibition of MAPK activation, clearly implicating that RASA3 is a key effector in Gαi3-dependent D2S mediated MAPKs inhibition To determine whether RASA3’s inhibitory effect could be reconstituted in fibroblast cells, the effect of RASA3 on D2-mediated ERK1/2 activation in COS7 cells was tested. Our results show that both active Gαi2 (or Gαi3) and active RASA3 are required for optimal inhibition of ERK1/2 activation in fibroblast COS7 cells.
title: Pentachlorophenol and nine other chlorophenols in urine of children and adolescents in Germany - Human biomonitoring results of the German Environmental Survey 2014-2017 (GerES V)
title: Pentachlorophenol and nine other chlorophenols in urine of children and adolescents in Germany
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Apel, Petra
name: Kolossa-Gehring, Marike
name: Murawski, Aline
name: Schmidt, Lukas
name: Rucic, Enrico
name: Schmied-Tobies, Maria Irene Hilde
name: Schwedler, Gerda
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Pentachlorphenol
Kanzerogener Stoff
Biozid
Schädlingsbekämpfungsmittel

description: Chlorophenols comprise of a large group of chemicals used inter alia for the production of biocides, pharmaceuticals, other industrial products and are used e.g. as antiseptics or wood preservatives due to their biocidal properties. Several of them are classified as toxic to aquatic life and harmful to humans by ingestion, inhalation, or dermal contact, causing skin and eye irritation. Moreover, chlorophenols are possibly carcinogenic to humans. The most prominent chlorophenol - pentachlorophenol - is carcinogenic to humans, was banned in Germany in 1989 and further regulated by the European Commission in 2006 and included in the Stockholm Convention in 2017. Some chlorophenols are persistent in the environment and are also biodegradation products of precursor substances. To evaluate the health-relevance of recent exposure and monitor the effectiveness of regulatory measures, chlorophenols were analysed in the population-representative German Environmental Survey on Children and Adolescents 2014-2017 (GerES V). First-morning void urine samples of 485 3-17-year-old children and adolescents were analysed for ten chlorophenols. Pentachlorophenol was still quantified in 87% of the children and adolescents with a geometric mean (GM) concentration of 0.19 (my)g/L (0.16 (my)g/gcrea) and a maximum concentration of 6.7 (my)g/L (5.4 (my)g/gcrea). The maximum concentration was well below the health-based guidance value HBM-I of 25 (my)g/L (20 (my)g/gcrea). 4-Monochlorophenol was quantified in all samples with a GM concentration of 1.38 (my)g/L (1.14 (my)g/gcrea). 2-Monochlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, and 2,5-dichlorophenol were quantified in 97%, 98%, and 95% of the samples, with GMs of 0.26 (my)g/L (0.21 (my)g/gcrea), 0.24 (my)g/L (0.20 (my)g/gcrea), and 0.26 (my)g/L (0.21 (my)g/gcrea). 2,6-dichlorophenol, 2,3,4-trichlorophenol, and 2,4,5-trichlorophenol were quantified in 17-25% of the samples with GMs below the limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.1 (my)g/L 2,4,6-trichlorophenol was quantified in 72% of the samples (GM: 0.13 (my)g/L, 0.11 (my)g/gcrea), 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol in 44% of the samples (GM < LOQ). Comparison to previous cycles of GerES revealed substantially lower exposure to most of the chlorophenols in GerES V. Exposure levels found in Germany were comparatively low in contrast to North American results. © 2021 Published by Elsevier Inc.
Additional file 12 of Genome-wide detection of signatures of selection in indicine and Brazilian locally adapted taurine cattle breeds using whole-genome re-sequencing data
Creators: name: Peripolli, Elisa
name: Reimer, Christian
name: Ngoc-Thuy Ha
name: Geibel, Johannes
name: Machado, Marco Antonio
name: Panetto, João Cláudio Do Carmo
name: Egito, Andréa Alves Do
name: Baldi, Fernando
name: Simianer, Henner
name: Silva, Marcos Vinícius Gualberto Barbosa Da
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 12. Brazilian geographical regions of the four cattle breeds sampled in the study (Adapted from https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficheiro:Brazil_Labelled_Map.svg ).
Communautés virtuelles des fans de romans pour jeunes adultes ̶ une analyse des usages et gratifications
Creators: name: Blondin, Ariane
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: communautés virtuelles
romans
usages et gratifications
fan studies
young adult

description: Dans cette étude, nous avons cherché à comprendre pourquoi les lecteurs de romans, et plus particulièrement de romans pour jeunes adultes (tels que Twilight, Hunger Games, Divergent, etc.), décident de se joindre à des communautés virtuelles et d'y participer activement. Pour ce faire, nous nous sommes appuyés sur la théorie des usages et gratifications ainsi que sur les fan studies, c'est-à-dire le courant d'études réalisées sur des fans. Afin de répondre à notre question de recherche, nous avons effectué des entrevues qualitatives semi-dirigées. Les résultats de notre recherche indiquent que nos participantes ont joint les communautés virtuelles de fans pour répondre à des besoins non-comblés dans leur vie quotidienne, et y sont toujours actives car leurs interactions en ligne continuent de répondre à ce besoin ainsi qu'à d'autres encore.
Reframing American democracy: the role of research in the interpretation of election design artifacts
Creators: name: Tunstall, E. D.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: In November 2000, a poorly designed 'butterfly' ballot in Palm Beach County, Florida, of the United States of America, changed election history. Mostly African American and older voters believed that they had mistakenly voted for Pat Buchanan instead of Al Gore because they misread or misinterpreted the instructions on the ballot that had candidate names on both pages and punch-holes down the middle. While some institutions and individuals wrote reports and dissected the problems with the butterfly ballot, few people or groups sought to redesign the ballot. In 2001, AIGA Chicago chapter members developed an interdisciplinary group of information designers, industrial designers, and social researchers to understand and redesign the voting experience. This group became Design for Democracy, an organization that seeks to increase civic participation by making the experience clearer, understandable, easier to accomplish, and more trustworthy. Through partnerships between professionals and undergraduate students at University of Illinois at Chicago, over three years, the organization conducted ethnographically-based research and redesigned the election experience in Cook County Chicago, the Vote-By-Mail experience for the State of Oregon, and a get-out-the-vote campaign for culturally and linguistically disenfranchised voters in Chicago. This paper explores the role of research, particularly ethnographic research, in the interpretation of the 'meaning' of redesigned election artefacts within the discourses of American democracy following the 2000 Presidential election. In particular, it focuses on the shifting discourses of American democracy as framed by the contexts of American professional design and usability organizations, international museums, and American federal government officials. I argue that the research enables people to reframe the negative view of American politics following the November 2000 election to one of politics of inclusion, complexity, and transformation. This reframing has significant impact on individuals' and groups' perceptions of their active roles as potential positive change agents in civic life.
Charting New Territory in Bis(imino)pyridine Coordination Chemistry
Creators: name: Jurca, Titel
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2012
Subjects: Chemistry
Coordination Chemistry
Main Group Chemistry
Indium
Gallium
Thallium
Silver
Tin
Rhenium
bis(imino)pyridine

description: This work was initially launched to study the synthesis of low-valent group 13 compounds bearing the bis(imino)pyridine ligand framework. Since its inception, this project has grown beyond the boundaries of group 13 to include low valent tin, silver, and rhenium. Alongside the reports of novel coordination compounds, we utilized computational chemistry to uncover unprecedented interactions which challenge conventional concepts of bonding. Synthesis, characterization, and complimentary computational studies are presented herein. Chapter 1 presents a historical overview of the bis(imino)pyridine ligand as well as our synthetic methodology and characterization of new ligand variants we have contributed to the literature. Chapter 2 presents the synthesis of a series of In(I) and In(III) bis(imino)pyridine complexes with varied sterics. Ligand-metal interaction and effect of ligand steric bulk on complex stability, as well as computational studies highlighting weak covalent interactions will be discussed. Chapter 3 presents the synthesis of Ga(III) bis(imino)pyridine complexes. Reactivity with “GaI” synthon as well as varied-stoichiometry one-pot synthesis attempts to generate low valent Ga-bis(imino)pyridine complexes will be discussed. Chapter 4 presents the synthesis of a series of Tl(I) bis(imino)pyridine complexes with varied sterics analogous to the approach taken with indium(I). Unprecedented weak ligand-metal as well as Tl-arene interactions will be discussed. Chapter 5 presents the synthesis of a series of Sn(II) bis(imino)pyridine complexes with varied sterics and halide substituents. Preferential cation-anion pair formation and attempted reactivity will be discussed. Chapter 6 presents the synthesis of a series of Ag(I) bis(imino)pyridine complexes with varied sterics. Resulting ligand-metal interactions as well as reactivity towards Lewis basic donor ligands will be discussed. Chapter 7 presents the synthesis of first crystallographically authenticated examples of rhenium(I) pincer complexes utilizing the bis(imino)pyridine ligand. Chapter 8 presents a general conclusion to the work.
ORP-3 Rescues ER Membrane Expansions Caused by the VAPB-P56S Mutation in Familial ALS
Creators: name: Darbyson, Angie L.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
ALS8
Sac1
Oxysterol Binding Protein
PI4P

description: A mutation in ER membrane protein VAPB is responsible for causing a familial form of ALS (ALS8). The VAPB-P56S mutation causes protein aggregation and a nuclear envelope defect, where retrograde transport is disrupted. Over-expression of a FFAT peptide from OSBP1 reduces the size of VAPB-P56S aggregates and restores retrograde transport. A screen was performed on FFAT-motif containing ORPs to determine if any could rescue the mutant phenotype. ORP3 successfully reduced aggregate size and restored transport to the nuclear envelope. ER membrane protein Sac1, a PI4P phosphatase cycles between the ER and Golgi and becomes trapped in expanded ERGIC compartments with VAPB-P56S. Loss of Sac1 in the ER leads to an increase in intracellular PI4P. ORP3 may increase Sac1 phosphatase activity by acting as a lipid sensor. We propose that VAPB, Sac1 and ORP3 are interacting partners that together modulate levels of PI4P. Disruptions in the gradient of PI4P may result in the vesicle trafficking defects observed in VAPB-P56S cells.
A Model for Performance Evaluation of Emergency Department Physicians
Creators: name: Fiallos Rivera, Javier E.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2014
Subjects: performance evaluation
physician performance
data envelopment analysis

description: Performance of Emergency Department (ED) physicians (MDs) is multi-faceted since it impacts multiple dimensions such as health outcomes of patients, utilization of resources, throughput of patients and timeliness of care. Therefore, the assessment of their performance demands the use of a tool that allows considering multiple evaluation criteria. However, commonly used multi-criteria evaluation methods often require assigning weights to dimensions in order to define their relative importance on a final performance score. This feature introduces subjectivity in the development of weights and has the potential to produce biased results. The purpose of this thesis research is to develop a multi-dimensional evaluation tool for evaluating performance of ED MDs. The proposed evaluation tool relies on a mathematical programming model known as Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The use of DEA does not ask for subjective weighting assignments for each dimension that describe the ED MDs’ performance. It is capable of considering multiple heterogeneous performance measures to identify benchmark practice and the individual improvements leading to best practice of each evaluated unit. The DEA model described here was developed from real data to assess the performance of 20 PED MDs from the Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO). Multiple evaluations were run on stratified data in order to identify benchmark practice in each of seven categories of patients’ complaints and to determine the impact of accompanying MD trainees on PED MDs’ performance. For each PED MD, performance scores and improvements in each category of patients’ complaints (i.e. respiratory, trauma, abdominal, fever, gastroenterology, allergy and Ear-Nose-Throat complaints) were determined. This helped identifying the required improvements that would lead PED MDs to achieve benchmark performance. Regarding the influence of MD trainees on PED MDs’ performance, results show that most PED MDs (15 out of 20) perform better when they are not accompanied by a trainee which motivates further research to assess trade-offs between teaching and clinical performance. In summary, DEA proved to be an appropriate tool for performance evaluation of PED MDs because it helped to identify benchmark performers and provided information for performance improvements under a multi dimensional performance evaluation framework.
White lie during patient care: a qualitative study of nurses’ perspectives
Creators: name: Nasrabadi, A. N
name: Joolaee, S.
name: Navab, E.
name: Esmaeili, M.
name: Shali, M.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2020

description: Background: Keeping the patients well and fully informed about diagnosis, prognosis, and treatments is one of the patient’s rights in any healthcare system. Although all healthcare providers have the same viewpoint about rendering the truth in treatment process, sometimes the truth is not told to the patients; that is why the healthcare staff tell “white lie” instead. This study aimed to explore the nurses’ experience of white lies during patient care. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted from June to December 2018. Eighteen hospital nurses were recruited with maximum variation from ten state-run educational hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Purposeful sampling was used and data were collected by semi-structured interviews that were continued until data saturation. Data were classified and analyzed by content analysis approach. Results: The data analysis in this study resulted in four main categories and 11 subcategories. The main categories included hope crisis, bad news, cultural diversity, and nurses’ limited professional competences. Conclusion: Results of the present study showed that, white lie told by nurses during patient care may be due to a wide range of patient, nurse and/or organizational related factors. Communication was the main factor that influenced information rendering. Nurses’ communication with patients should be based on mutual respect, trust and adequate cultural knowledge, and also nurses should provide precise information to patients, so that they can make accurate decisions regarding their health care.
Probing Collective Multi-electron Effects with Few Cycle Laser Pulses
Creators: name: Shiner, Andrew
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: attosecond
laser
High Harmonic Generation
xenon
pulse compression

description: High Harmonic Generation (HHG) enables the production of bursts of coherent soft x-rays with attosecond pulse duration. This process arrises from the nonlinear interaction between intense infrared laser pulses and an ionizing gas medium. Soft x-ray photons are used for spectroscopy of inner-shell electron correlation and exchange processes, and the availability of attosecond pulse durations will enable these processes to be resolved on their natural time scales. The maximum or cutoff photon energy in HHG increases with both the intensity as well as the wavelength of the driving laser. It is highly desirable to increase the harmonic cutoff as this will allow for the generation of shorter attosecond pulses, as well as HHG spectroscopy of increasingly energetic electronic transitions. While the harmonic cutoff increases with laser wavelength, there is a corresponding decrease in harmonic yield. The first part of this thesis describes the experimental measurement of the wavelength scaling of HHG efficiency, which we report as lambda^(-6.3) in xenon, and lambda^(-6.5) in krypton. To increase the HHG cutoff, we have developed a 1.8 um source, with stable carrier envelope phase and a pulse duration of <2 optical cycles. The 1.8 um wavelength allowed for a significant increase in the harmonic cutoff compared to equivalent 800 nm sources, while still maintaing reasonable harmonic yield. By focusing this source into neon we have produced 400 eV harmonics that extend into the x-ray water window. In addition to providing a source of photons for a secondary target, the HHG spectrum caries the signature of the electronic structure of the generating medium. In krypton we observed a Cooper minimum at 85 eV, showing that photoionization cross sections can be measured with HHG. Measurements in xenon lead to the first clear observation of electron correlation effects during HHG, which manifest as a broad peak in the HHG spectrum centred at 100 eV. This thesis also describes several improvements to the HHG experiment including the development of an ionization detector for measuring laser intensity, as well as an investigation into the role of laser mode quality on HHG phase matching and efficiency.
An investigation into students’ attitudes and perceptions towards using AI tools in design education
Creators: name: Pooley, Andrew
name: Spencer, Glyn
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education

description: Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools have rapidly become prevalent within design education. Students’ attitudes and perceptions about these tools inform their use in their studies and future careers. Ultimately, as educators, we want students to learn how to think like designers and utilise these tools professionally and responsibly. This research explores the interconnection of AI and design education focusing on the attitudes of undergraduate and postgraduate students in the Design and Creative Arts department of a UK university. Through the implementation of online surveys, the study evaluates students' perceptions of AI tools, such as ChatGPT, and their trust in AI technology and societal sources during design tasks. The findings indicate that students regard AI tools as valuable collaborators, fostering confidence in their work and leading to recommendations among peers. Nonetheless, students recognise the irreplaceability of collaboration with fellow students. Notably, all students believe that AI tools have a place in the modern design world. This improved understanding of how students perceive these AI tools allows educators to integrate them into educational programmes that better influence emerging designers’ professional identities and practices in contemporary UK society. Presented at The Use of Artificial Intelligence in Higher Education Conference 2024, Stoke-on-Trent, 12 June.
Part A: Progress Towards the Total Synthesis of (±)-Communesin F; Part B: Aluminum as a Catalyst for the Diels-Alder Cycloaddition of Highly Hindered Dienophiles.
Creators: name: Newbury, Daniel John
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: Total Synthesis
Diels-Alder
Communesin
Ethylaluminium Sesquichloride
Gold Catalysis
Hindered Dienophile

description: This is a thesis in two parts. Part A examines two potential routes towards the synthesis of the communesin family of alkaloids, as well as an overview of some of the successful synthetic routes to date. Our first proposed route involves the gold catalyzed isomerization of an o-amino aryallene to a vinyl imine and subsequent (formal) cycloaddition with an indole. This would have allowed quick access to the pentacyclic core of the communesins; however, the unexpected 5-endo-dig product was exclusively obtained in good to excellent yields. The second route involves the use of a Meerwein- Eschenmoser Claisen rearrangement. This route was successful in affording the C, D, E and F rings of the communesin alkaloids, however future work is required for completion of the synthesis. Also discussed in these sections is an alternative endgame approach involving a novel Pictet-Spangler reaction to afford the G ring, and the possibility of an asymmetric variation to the proposed route. Part B examines the use of alkyl aluminum sesquichlorides in the catalysis of Diels-Alder cycloadditions of sterically hindered systems, a current obstacle in organic chemistry. Previously developed methods are discussed and preliminary results are presented. Ethyl aluminum sesquichloride is compared to other alkyl aluminum catalyst, and the effects of temperature, catalysts loading, choice of solvent, the use of additives, and the use of chiral oxazolidinones are reported and what these result can tell us about the mechanism of catalysis are discussed.
Large-scale parameter estimation for Crystal Structure Prediction. Part 1: Dataset, Methodology, and Implementation (Supporting Information)
Creators: name: Bowskill, David
name: Tan, Benjamin
name: Keates, Adam
name: Sugden, Isaac
name: Adjiman, Claire
name: Pantelides, Constantinos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Crystal Structure Prediction
Organic crystals
Parameter Estimation

description: Supporting information of the article 'Large-scale parameter estimation for Crystal Structure Prediction. Part 1: Dataset, Methodology, and Implementation'. Includes data related to:

Table 9

TP2 and TP4 distinct minima comparisons

Figure 5

Table 10

Figure 6

Multipole performance tests which were presented in the ESI
Additional file 14 of Genome-wide detection of signatures of selection in indicine and Brazilian locally adapted taurine cattle breeds using whole-genome re-sequencing data
Creators: name: Peripolli, Elisa
name: Reimer, Christian
name: Ngoc-Thuy Ha
name: Geibel, Johannes
name: Machado, Marco Antonio
name: Panetto, João Cláudio Do Carmo
name: Egito, Andréa Alves Do
name: Baldi, Fernando
name: Simianer, Henner
name: Silva, Marcos Vinícius Gualberto Barbosa Da
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 14. Histogram and quantile-quantile (Q-Q) plots of statistical scores calculated for all four methods derived from a skewness normal distribution.
ModuleInducer: Automating the Extraction of Knowledge from Biological Sequences
Creators: name: Korol, Oksana
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2011
Subjects: inductive logic programming
cis-regulatory modules
ChIP-Sequencing
bioinformatics

description: In the past decade, fast advancements have been made in the sequencing, digitalization and collection of the biological data. However the bottleneck remains at the point of analysis and extraction of patterns from the data. We have developed a method that is aimed at widening this bottleneck by automating the knowledge extraction from the biological data. Our approach is aimed at discovering patterns in a set of DNA sequences based on the location of transcription factor binding sites or any other biological markers with the emphasis of discovering relationships. A variety of statistical and computational methods exists to analyze such data. However, they either require an initial hypothesis, which is later tested, or classify the data based on its attributes. Our approach does not require an initial hypothesis and the classification it produces is based on the relationships between attributes. The value of such approach is that is is able to uncover new knowledge about the data by inducing a general theory based on basic known rules. The core of our approach lies in an inductive logic programming engine, which, based on positive and negative examples as well as background knowledge, is able to induce a descriptive, human-readable theory, describing the data. An application provides an end-to-end analysis of DNA sequences. A simple to use Web interface accepts a set of related sequences to be analyzed, set of negative example sequences to contrast the main set (optional), and a set of possible genetic markers as position-specific scoring matrices. A Java-based backend formats the sequences, determines the location of the genetic markers inside them and passes the information to the ILP engine, which induces the theory. The model, assumed in our background knowledge, is a set of basic interactions between biological markers in any DNA sequence. This makes our approach applicable to analyze a wide variety of biological problems, including detection of cis-regulatory modules and analysis of ChIP-Sequencing experiments. We have evaluated our method in the context of such applications on two real world datasets as well as a number of specially designed synthetic datasets. The approach has shown to have merit even in situations when no significant classification could be determined.