Filifascigera brevicaudex Gordon &amp; Taylor 2010, n. sp.
Creators: name: Gordon, Dennis P.
name: Taylor, Paul D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Bryozoa
Stenolaemata
Cyclostomatida
Frondiporidae
Filifascigera
Filifascigera brevicaudex

description: <i>Filifascigera brevicaudex</i> n. sp. (Fig. 6 A–C) <b>Material examined.</b> <i>Holotype:</i> NIWA 61246, from NIWA Stn I 97, 32°23.29’ S, 167°28.20’ E, West Norfolk Ridge, 540–544 m depth, collected 25 July 1975. <i>Paratype:</i> NIWA 61247, from KAH0204/15, 34°05.98– 34°06.21’ S, 174°06.82– 174°06.91’ E, Cavalli Seamount, 470–480 m depth, collected 15 April 2002. Other stations: Cruise KAH0204, Stns 1, 8, 9, 21, 22, 28, 32, 34, 40, 47, 50, Cavalli Seamounts, off northeastern North Island. <b>Distribution.</b> From Cavalli Seamounts off northeastern North Island and West Norfolk Ridge, 470–930 m depth. <b>Etymology.</b> Latin, <i>brevis</i>, short + <i>caudex</i>, stem, trunk, alluding to the short, erect fascicles of zooids. <b>Description.</b> Mature colony comprising ramifying and occasionally anastomosing branches from which arise relatively short fascicles of zooids; spread of colony about 5 cm. Width of ramifying branches 0.67–0.90 mm, these containing 5–11 zooidal cross sections in profile, 3–6 zooids having their basal wall against the substratum. Fascicles arising at intervals of about 1.5–3.5 mm from each other depending on the irregularity of the substratum, about 0.6–2.2 mm high and 0.78–0.87 mm in diameter, with about 7–11 peristomes occurring in a cluster at the flattish summit; a few other peristomes opening at intervals on the stem. Peristome diameter 0.13–0.16 mm, whether in ramifying or erect portions of colony. Gonozooid borne at the top of an erect fascicle, brood chamber ventricose, 0.84 mm in diameter, the ooeciostome subcircular, 0.15 mm diameter. Ancestrula not seen but immediate post-ancestrular zooids preserved in one colony; branch width rapidly increases to incorporate several zooids adnate to the substratum before the first fascicle is produced; a branch bifurcation occurs near the base of the fascicle and all subsequent branching is generally of this nature except that not all fascicles are succeeded by a bifurcation. <b>Remarks.</b> Relatively few species of <i>Filifascigera</i> have been described. The type species is from the Paleocene of New Jersey. Canu &amp; Bassler (1929) attributed six other species to the genus, ranging in stratigraphic distribution from the Cretaceous to the present day. Osburn (1953) recognised two more Recent species, and Brood (1972) and Taylor &amp; McKinney (2006) have named additional Cretaceous species. Of the five putative Recent species, nominally from Ireland, the Pacific coast of America, Hawaii and the Philippines, <i>F. brevicaudex</i> differs from them particularly in the dimensions of the fascicles and numbers of peristomes in each fascicle. The two Philippines species illustrated by Canu &amp; Bassler (1929) have no peristomes emerging from the stem of the fascicle. In <i>F. clarionensis</i> from California, the brood chamber occurs between a close pair of fascicles, extending from one fascicle to the next (Osburn 1953).
description: Published as part of <i>Gordon, Dennis P. &amp; Taylor, Paul D., 2010, New seamount- and ridge-associated cyclostome Bryozoa from New Zealand, pp. 43-68 in Zootaxa 2533 (1)</i> on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2533.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/5303533
description: {"references": ["Canu, F. &amp; Bassler, R. S. (1929) Bryozoa of the Philippine region. United States National Museum Bulleti, 100 (9): 1 - 685, 94 pls.", "Osburn, R. C. (1953) Bryozoa of the Pacific coast of America. Part 3, Cyclostomata, Ctenostomata, Entoprocta, and addenda. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 14, 613 - 841.", "Brood, K. (1972) Cyclostomatous Bryozoa from the upper Cretaceous and Danian in Scandinavia. Stockholm Contributions in Geology, 26, 1 - 464, 78 pls.", "Taylor, P. D. &amp; McKinney, F. K. (2006) Cretaceous Bryozoa from the Campanian and Maastrichtian of the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains, United States. Scripta Geologica, 132, 1 - 346."]}