cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The role of cognitive attributions of causality in the maintenance of conflict negotiation behavior
Creators: name: Harper, Brian R.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study was based upon the general thesis that individual performance expectations, attributions of causality and actual performance outcome interact to affect the maintenance and generalization of performance demonstrated during training. It compared the relative effectiveness of a management skill training program which included specific negotiation skills and "attribution structuring" components (designed to affect both expectations and causal attributions) with a similar program that included skill training only. "General Performance Orientation", a hypothesized cognitive structure, comprising "efficacy" prediction and causal attribution, was operationally defined to include four levels: i) success - internal; ii) success - external; iii) failure -internal; and iv) failure - external. A questionnaire which measured locus of control and required respondents to predict their success or failure on a hypothetical negotiation task was distributed to all students in an administrative management program at a technical training school. One hundred and four volunteers from this population were classified into three groups (one cell was empty as no subjects predicted success with an external causal attribution). Equal numbers of subjects from each group were then randomly assigned to each of the training programs. During the course of training all subjects engaged in a simulated negotiation task and completed a post-task questionnaire which (i) measured their locus of control; (ii) assessed their evaluation and attribution of causality for their performance on the task; and (iii) asked them to predict their performance in a similar future situation. The simulation task was repeated in a "non-training setting" four weeks after completion of the training program. Subjects' performance on the post-training simulation task was expected to be affected by an interaction between initial performance expectations, type of training experienced, and the type of causal attribution employed in explaining their performance during training. The relationships among measured locus of control, performance expectations, and causal attributions were investigated: i) prior to performance, ii) in reference to actual cause of performance effectiveness, and iii) post-performance. Analysis of scores on the negotiation task four weeks following completion of training revealed that the experimental training group scores were significantly higher than those of the traditional training group. There was not a significant difference between group scores on the negotiation task at the final training session. The data were also supportive of the hypothesized interaction among locus of control, causal attributions, and performance expectations. The hypothesized relationship between locus of control and successful performance was not supported.
Modeling the resistance to airflow in the human lung
Creators: name: Wiggs, Barry James Ryder
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: To examine the influence of airway smooth muscle shortening and airway wall thickness on pulmonary resistance a model of the tracheobronchial tree has been developed which allows simulations of these mechanisms of airway narrowing. The model is based on both a symmetrical branching system proposed by Weibel (61) and an asymmetric branching scheme developed by Horsfield(21). Fluid mechanic equations proposed by Pedley (49) are used to calculate inspiratory resistance and to allow for changes in lung inflation the pressure area curves described by Lambert(32) are used. The model is easily implemented using a spreadsheet and personal computer which allows calculation of total and regional pulmonary resistance. At each generation or order in the model provision is made for the airway wall thickness, the maximal airway smooth muscle shortening achievable and an S shaped dose response relationship to describe the smooth muscle shortening. Measurements of airway wall thickness from 23 normal subjects whom died suddenly and 19 asthmatic subjects whom died of complications of their disease are related to internal airway perimeter using an iterative restricted maximum likelihood technique. Using the estimated relationship for airway wall thickness it is possible to partition the changes to central or peripheral airways. It is concluded that the model provides a realistic qualitative estimate of the tracheobronchial pressure drop that may provide valuable insights into the interaction of airway smooth muscle shortening and airway wall thickness as important contributors to airway hyperresponsiveness.
Ultra-Heavy Dark Matter Search with Electron Microscopy of Geological Quartz
Creators: name: Ebadi, Reza
name: Mathur, Anubhav
name: Tanin, Erwin H.
name: Tailby, Nicholas D.
name: Marshall, Mason C.
name: Ravi, Aakash
name: Trubko, Raisa
name: Fu, Roger R.
name: Phillips, David F.
name: Rajendran, Surjeet
name: Walsworth, Ronald L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-interactions within the dark sector could clump dark matter into heavy composite states with low number density, leading to a highly suppressed event rate in existing direct detection experiments. However, the large interaction cross section between such ultra-heavy dark matter (UHDM) and standard model matter results in a distinctive and compelling signature: long, straight damage tracks as they pass through and scatter with matter. In this work, we propose using geologically old quartz samples as large-exposure detectors for UHDM. We describe a high-resolution readout method based on electron microscopy, characterize the most favorable geological samples for this approach, and study its reach in a simple model of the dark sector. The advantage of this search strategy is two-fold: the age of geological quartz compensates for the low number density of UHDMs, and the distinct geometry of the damage track serves as a high-fidelity background rejection tool.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Thermodynamics and superfluid density in BCS-BEC crossover with and without population imbalance
Creators: name: He, Yan
name: Chien, Chih-Chun
name: Chen, Qijin
name: Levin, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the thermodynamics, density profiles and superfluid density of trapped fermions undergoing BCS-BEC crossover, with and without population imbalance. Our approach represents a fully consistent treatment of "pseudogap effects", which reflect the distinction between the pair formation temperature $T^*$ and the pair condensation temperature $T_c$ and must be accommodated by modifying the fermionic excitation spectrum. This distinction has been omitted from all other many body approaches in the literature. We show how enforcing this corollary implies that pairing fluctuation contributions enter into both the gap and the number equations; this is necessary in order to be consistent with a generalized Ward identity. Furthermore, we demonstrate that we obtain physical results for the superfluid density $n_s(T)$ at all $T$. In contrast, previous work in the literature has led to ill-behaved $n_s(T)$. The superfluid density is a critical measure of the physicality of a given crossover theory. In order to properly address thermodynamic properties of a trapped Fermi gas, it is necessary to demonstrate that the particle density profiles are consistent with experiment. The lack of demonstrable consistency between theoretical and experimental density profiles, along with problematic behavior found for $n_s(T)$, casts doubt on previous claims in the literature concerning quantitative agreement between thermodynamical calculations and experiment.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures. Submitted to PRB
Il Fotocollage tra arte e terapia
Creators: name: Korth, Sabine
name: Manca, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: L-ART/04 Museologia e critica artistica e del restauro
M-PSI/01 Psicologia generale

description: “Dissociate and associate”. Sabine Korth’s credo in life and work
Photo collage, an artistic language and a precious tool for the self-inquiry: act, com- bine, match, eliminate, get involved, produce and let yourself be carried away deliber- ately by the creative flow
A transformative journey” by Alessandra Manca
Photo Collage in group work: a voyage and a simple and immediate tool. It reveals, through the creative stimulus, in an inherent and underlying way, unique options and skills: combines, superimposes and creates links between one’s own narrative and that of the other.
SunPy Proposal for Enhancement 3: Physical Units in SunPy (SEP 0003)
Creators: name: Christe, Steven
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: SunPy
Python
Solar
Astronomy

description: Using quantities with units is a great idea because it less likely that mistakes

will be made and units can be easily converted as needed. This SEP defines how physical

quantities should be dealt with in SunPy.
A large deviation theory perspective on nanoscale transport phenomena
Creators: name: Limmer, David T.
name: Gao, Chloe Y.
name: Poggioli, Anthony R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding transport processes in complex nanoscale systems, like ionic conductivities in nanofluidic devices or heat conduction in low dimensional solids, poses the problem of examining fluctuations of currents within nonequilibrium steady states and relating those fluctuations to nonlinear or anomalous responses. We have developed a systematic framework for computing distributions of time integrated currents in molecular models and relating cumulants of those distributions to nonlinear transport coefficients. The approach elaborated upon in this perspective follows from the theory of dynamical large deviations, benefits from substantial previous formal development, and has been illustrated in several applications. The framework provides a microscopic basis for going beyond traditional hydrodynamics in instances where local equilibrium assumptions break down, which are ubiquitous at the nanoscale.
description: Small revisions for clarity
Circulating Current States in Bilayer Fermionic and Bosonic Systems
Creators: name: Kolezhuk, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that fermionic polar molecules or atoms in a bilayer optical lattice can undergo the transition to a state with circulating currents, which spontaneously breaks the time reversal symmetry. Estimates of relevant temperature scales are given and experimental signatures of the circulating current phase are identified. Related phenomena in bosonic and spin systems with ring exchange are discussed.
description: final published version
Is Cosmological Tuning Fine or Coarse?
Creators: name: Díaz-Pachón, Daniel Andrés
name: Hössjer, Ola
name: Marks, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 85A40 (Primary) 94A17 92F05 60E05 85-10 (Secondary)

description: The fine-tuning of the universe for life, the idea that the constants of nature (or ratios between them) must belong to very small intervals in order for life to exist, has been debated by scientists for several decades. Several criticisms have emerged concerning probabilistic measurement of life-permitting intervals. Herein, a Bayesian statistical approach is used to assign an upper bound for the probability of tuning, which is invariant with respect to change of physical units, and under certain assumptions it is small whenever the life-permitting interval is small on a relative scale. The computation of the upper bound of the tuning probability is achieved by first assuming that the prior is chosen by the principle of maximum entropy (MaxEnt). The unknown parameters of this MaxEnt distribution are then handled in such a way that the weak anthropic principle is not violated. The MaxEnt assumption is "maximally noncommittal with regard to missing information." This approach is sufficiently general to be applied to constants of current cosmological models, or to other constants possibly under different models. Application of the MaxEnt model reveals, for example, that the ratio of the universal gravitational constant to the square of the Hubble constant is finely tuned in some cases, whereas the amplitude of primordial fluctuations is not.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure. Substantial reorganization and expansion to make it more clear
A linear RFQ ion trap for the Enriched Xenon Observatory
Creators: name: Flatt, B.
name: Green, M.
name: Wodin, J.
name: DeVoe, R.
name: Fierlinger, P.
name: Gratta, G.
name: LePort, F.
name: Diez, M. Montero
name: Neilson, R.
name: OSullivan, K.
name: Pocar, A.
name: Waldman, S.
name: Baussan, E.
name: Breidenbach, M.
name: Conley, R.
name: Fairbank, W.
name: Farine, J.
name: Hall, C.
name: Hall, K.
name: Hallman, D.
name: Hargrove, C.
name: Hauger, M.
name: Hodgson, J.
name: Juget, F.
name: Leonard, D. S.
name: Mackay, D.
name: Martin, Y.
name: Mong, B.
name: Odian, A.
name: Ounalli, L.
name: Piepke, A.
name: Prescott, C. Y.
name: Rowson, P. C.
name: Skarpass, K.
name: Schenker, D.
name: Sinclair, D.
name: Strickland, V.
name: Virtue, C.
name: Vuilleuimier, J. -L.
name: Vuilleuimier, J. -M.
name: Wamba, K.
name: Weber, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The design, construction, and performance of a linear radio-frequency ion trap (RFQ) intended for use in the Enriched Xenon Observatory (EXO) are described. EXO aims to detect the neutrinoless double-beta decay of $^{136}$Xe to $^{136}$Ba. To suppress possible backgrounds EXO will complement the measurement of decay energy and, to some extent, topology of candidate events in a Xe filled detector with the identification of the daughter nucleus ($^{136}$Ba). The ion trap described here is capable of accepting, cooling, and confining individual Ba ions extracted from the site of the candidate double-beta decay event. A single trapped ion can then be identified, with a large signal-to-noise ratio, via laser spectroscopy.
description: 18 pages, pdflatex, submitted to NIM A
Large amplitude oscillatory motion along a solar filament
Creators: name: Vrsnak, B.
name: Veronig, A. M.
name: Thalmann, J. K.
name: Zic, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large amplitude oscillations of solar filaments is a phenomenon known for more than half a century. Recently, a new mode of oscillations, characterized by periodical plasma motions along the filament axis, was discovered. We analyze such an event, recorded on 23 January 2002 in Big Bear Solar Observatory H$α$ filtergrams, in order to infer the triggering mechanism and the nature of the restoring force. Motion along the filament axis of a distinct buldge-like feature was traced, to quantify the kinematics of the oscillatory motion. The data were fitted by a damped sine function, to estimate the basic parameters of the oscillations. In order to identify the triggering mechanism, morphological changes in the vicinity of the filament were analyzed. The observed oscillations of the plasma along the filament was characterized by an initial displacement of 24 Mm, initial velocity amplitude of 51 km/s, period of 50 min, and damping time of 115 min. We interpret the trigger in terms of poloidal magnetic flux injection by magnetic reconnection at one of the filament legs. The restoring force is caused by the magnetic pressure gradient along the filament axis. The period of oscillations, derived from the linearized equation of motion (harmonic oscillator) can be expressed as $P=π\sqrt{2}L/v_{Aϕ}\approx4.4L/v_{Aϕ}$, where $v_{Aϕ} =B_{\phi0}/\sqrt{μ_0ρ}$ represents the Alfvén speed based on the equilibrium poloidal field $B_{\phi0}$. Combination of our measurements with some previous observations of the same kind of oscillations shows a good agreement with the proposed interpretation.
description: Astron. Astrophys., 2007, in press
"I Don't Know Too Much About It": On the Security Mindsets of Computer Science Students
Creators: name: Tahaei, Mohammad
name: Jenkins, Adam
name: Vaniea, Kami
name: Wolters, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The security attitudes and approaches of software developers have a large impact on the software they produce, yet we know very little about how and when these views are constructed. This paper investigates the security and privacy (S&P) perceptions, experiences, and practices of current Computer Science students at the graduate and undergraduate level using semi-structured interviews. We find that the attitudes of students already match many of those that have been observed in professional level developers. Students have a range of hacker and attack mindsets, lack of experience with security APIs, a mixed view of who is in charge of S&P in the software life cycle, and a tendency to trust other peoples' code as a convenient approach to rapidly build software. We discuss the impact of our results on both curriculum development and support for professional developers.
How much entropy is produced in strongly coupled Quark-Gluon Plasma (sQGP) by dissipative effects?
Creators: name: Lublinsky, Michael
name: Shuryak, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that estimates of dissipative effects based on the first-order hydrodynamics with shear viscosity are potentially misleading because higher order terms in the gradient expansion of the dissipative part of the stress tensor tend to reduce them. Using recently obtained sound dispersion relation in thermal $\cal N$=4 supersymmetric plasma, we calculate the $resummed$ effect of these high order terms for Bjorken expansion appropriate to RHIC/LHC collisions. A reduction of entropy production is found to be substantial, up to an order of magnitude.
description: 4 pages, 4 figure
AGILE Observations of Fast Radio Bursts
Creators: name: Verrecchia, F.
name: Casentini, C.
name: Tavani, M.
name: Ursi, A.
name: Mereghetti, S.
name: Pilia, M.
name: Cardillo, M.
name: Addis, A.
name: Barbiellini, G.
name: Baroncelli, L.
name: Bulgarelli, A.
name: Cattaneo, P. W.
name: Chen, A.
name: Costa, E.
name: Del Monte, E.
name: Di Piano, A.
name: Ferrari, A.
name: Fioretti, V.
name: Longo, F.
name: Lucarelli, F.
name: Parmiggiani, N.
name: Piano, G.
name: Pittori, C.
name: Rappoldi, A.
name: Vercellone, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a systematic search for hard X-ray and gamma-ray emission in coincidence with fast radio bursts (FRBs) observed by the AGILE satellite. We used 13 years of AGILE archival data searching for time coincidences between exposed FRBs and events detectable by the MCAL (0.4-100 MeV) and GRID (50 MeV-30 GeV) detectors at timescales ranging from milliseconds to days/weeks. The current AGILE sky coverage allowed us to extend the search for high-energy emission preceding and following the FRB occurrence. We considered all FRBs sources currently included in catalogues, and identified a sub-sample (15 events) for which a good AGILE exposure either with MCAL or GRID was obtained. In this paper we focus on non-repeating FRBs, compared to a few nearby repeating sources. We did not detect significant MeV or GeV emission from any event. Our hard X-ray upper limits (ULs) in the MeV energy range were obtained for timescales from sub-millisecond to seconds, and in the GeV range from minutes to weeks around event times. We focus on a sub-set of 5 non-repeating and 2 repeating FRB sources whose distances are most likely smaller than that of 180916.J0158+65 (150 Mpc). For these sources, our MeV ULs translate into ULs on the isotropically-emitted energy of about 3x10^46 erg, comparable to that observed in the 2004 giant flare from the Galactic magnetar SGR 1806-20. On average, these nearby FRBs emit radio pulses of energies significantly larger than the recently detected SGR 1935+2154 and are not yet associated with intense MeV flaring.
description: ApJ, 915, 102
Communication between children with cancer and their caretakers
Creators: name: Ratjen, Björn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The study examines interactions between children with cancer, their parents and hospital staff. Participant observation and interviewing techniques were used to gain insight into the perspectives of the three groups of persons involved. Various hospital staff members were followed through their daily routines and parents were extensively observed and interviewed. Children were observed during their first phase of the treatment in hospital using a case study approach. Extensive examples of interactions and scenes from the hospital setting are presented and analyzed. The changing role of participant observation is discussed and examined from the personal perspective of the observer. The understanding of the communication of each group which was generated showed many failures in mutual understanding during interactions. Well-meaning staff were often caught in organizational and hierarchical issues of the hospital setting and interpreted parent's and children's behaviour according to its usefulness for the application of treatment procedures. Parents tried to comply with hospital requirements, which seemed to represent their only hope for the well-being of their child, while at the same time they had to cope with their feelings in face of the suffering of their child. Children seemed to suffer from the direct consequences of the treatment as well as from the lack of meaningful explanations of the events, which led them to distrust communications. It is concluded that caring persons frequently fail to relate to the world of children with cancer, impeding a cooperative effort in the fight against the illness.
Unusual excitations and double-peak specific heat in a bond-alternating spin-$1$ $K$-$Γ$ chain
Creators: name: Luo, Qiang
name: Hu, Shijie
name: Kee, Hae-Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One-dimensional gapped phases that avoid any symmetry breaking have drawn enduring attention. In this paper, we study such phases in a bond-alternating spin-1 $K$-$Γ$ chain built of a Kitaev ($K$) interaction and an off-diagonal $Γ$ term. In the case of isotropic bond strength, a Haldane phase, which resembles the ground state of a spin-$1$ Heisenberg chain, is identified in a wide region. A gapped Kitaev phase situated at dominant ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic Kitaev limits is also found. The Kitaev phase has extremely short-range spin correlations and is characterized by finite $\mathbb{Z}_2$-valued quantities on bonds. Its lowest entanglement spectrum is unique, in contrast to the Haldane phase whose entanglement spectrum is doubly degenerate. In addition, the Kitaev phase shows a double-peak structure in the specific heat at two different temperatures. In the pure Kitaev limit, the two peaks are representative of the development of short-range spin correlation at $T_h \simeq 0.5680$ and the freezing of $\mathbb{Z}_2$ quantities at $T_l \simeq 0.0562$, respectively. By considering bond anisotropy, regions of Haldane phase and Kitaev phase are enlarged, accompanied by the emergence of dimerized phases and three distinct magnetically ordered states.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures. For a previous spin-1/2 analogy, see arXiv:2012.03382
Γλωσσικές πρακτικές των νέων σε τόπους κοινωνικής δικτύωσης: Η περίπτωση του Facebook
Creators: name: Lees, Christopher James C.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Κοινωνιογλωσσολογία
Διαδικτυακή εθνογραφία
Ψηφιακή προφορικότητα
Έμφυλες γλωσσικές πρακτικές
Sociolinguistics
Online ethnography
Digital orality
Gender and language practices

description: Η παρούσα διατριβή διερευνά τις γλωσσικές πρακτικές δεκαπέντε μαθητών/τριών γυμνασίου στο Facebook. Εξετάζει τους τρόπους με τους οποίους οι εν λόγω νέοι χρησιμοποιούν τους γλωσσικούς πόρους που τους παρέχει το Facebook, για να επικοινωνήσουν μεταξύ τους. Η ανάλυση γίνεται σε τρεις διαστάσεις: τη γλωσσική από την οπτική της φωνητικής, της μορφολογίας, της σύνταξης, του λεξιλογίου και της οργάνωσης του λόγου, καθώς και της χρήσης του λατινικού αλφαβήτου και της αγγλικής γλώσσας· τη συνομιλία από την οπτική της συνοχής και της συνεκτικότητας στην ψηφιακή επικοινωνία και τέλος, την κοινωνική διάσταση, στην οποία αναλύονται οι σχέσεις γλώσσας και φύλου και με ποιους τρόπους αναδεικνύεται το κοινωνικό φύλο των μαθητών/τριών μέσα από τις γλωσσικές τους επιλογές.
description: This dissertation examines the language practices on the Facebook walls of fifteen secondary school pupils in Greece. Ιt looks at the ways in which these particular teenagers use the language resources available to them, in order to communicate online. The research is carried out at three different levels of linguistic analysis: language, from the perspective of phonetics, morphology, syntax, vocabulary, and discourse, as well as the use of the Latin alphabet and English language; conversation, where aspects of cohesion and coherence are presented and analysed; and society and language, where the relationship between language and gender are discussed, as well as the ways in which the teenagers’ gender is constructed and negotiated in their communication and language choices on Facebook.
Spectral Analysis of the Chandra Comet Survey
Creators: name: Bodewits, D.
name: Christian, D. J.
name: Torney, M.
name: Dryer, M.
name: Lisse, C. M.
name: Dennerl, K.
name: Zurbuchen, T. H.
name: Wolk, S. J.
name: Tielens, A. G. G. M.
name: Hoekstra, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of the analysis of cometary X-ray spectra with an extended version of our charge exchange emission model (Bodewits et al. 2006). We have applied this model to the sample of 8 comets thus far observed with the Chandra X-ray observatory and ACIS spectrometer in the 300-1000 eV range. The surveyed comets are C/1999 S4 (LINEAR), C/1999 T1 (McNaught-Hartley), C/2000 WM1 (LINEAR), 153P/2002 (Ikeya-Zhang), 2P/2003 (Encke), C/2001 Q4 (NEAT), 9P/2005 (Tempel 1) and 73P/2006-B (Schwassmann-Wachmann 3) and the observations include a broad variety of comets, solar wind environments and observational conditions. The interaction model is based on state selective, velocity dependent charge exchange cross sections and is used to explore how cometary X-ray emission depend on cometary, observational and solar wind characteristics. It is further demonstrated that cometary X-ray spectra mainly reflect the state of the local solar wind. The current sample of Chandra observations was fit using the constrains of the charge exchange model, and relative solar wind abundances were derived from the X-ray spectra. Our analysis showed that spectral differences can be ascribed to different solar wind states, as such identifying comets interacting with (I) fast, cold wind, (II), slow, warm wind and (III) disturbed, fast, hot winds associated with interplanetary coronal mass ejections. We furthermore predict the existence of a fourth spectral class, associated with the cool, fast high latitude wind.
description: 16 pages, 16 figures, and 7 Tables; accepted A&A (Due to space limits, this version has lower resolution jpeg images.)
Emission Line Variability of the Accreting Young Brown Dwarf 2MASSW J1207334-393254: From Hours to Years
Creators: name: Stelzer, Beate
name: Scholz, Alexander
name: Jayawardhana, Ray
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained a series of high-resolution optical spectra for the brown dwarf 2MASSW J1207334-393254 (2M1207) using the ESO Very Large Telescope with the UVES spectrograph during two consecutive observing nights (time resolution of ~12 min) and the Magellan Clay telescope with the MIKE spectrograph. Combined with previously published results, these data allow us to investigate changes in the emission line spectrum of 2M1207 on timescales of hours to years. Most of the emission line profiles of 2M1207 are broad, in particular that of Halpha, indicating that the dominant fraction of the emission must be attributed to disk accretion rather than to magnetic activity. From the Halpha 10% width we deduce a relatively stable accretion rate between 10^(-10.1...-9.8) Msun/yr for two nights of consecutive observations. Therefore, either the accretion stream is nearly homogeneous over (sub-)stellar longitude or the system is seen face-on. Small but significant variations are evident throughout our near-continuous observation, and they reach a maximum after ~8 h, roughly the timescale on which maximum variability is expected across the rotation cycle. Together with past measurements, we confirm that the accretion rate of 2M1207 varies by more than one order of magnitude on timescales of months to years. Such variable mass accretion yields a plausible explanation for the observed spread in the accretion rate vs. mass diagram. The magnetic field required to drive the funnel flow is on the order of a few hundred G. Despite the obvious presence of a magnetic field, no radio nor X-ray emission has been reported for 2M1207. Possibly strong accretion suppresses magnetic activity in brown dwarfs, similar to the findings for higher mass T Tauri stars.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ
Collaborative Filtering Approach to Link Prediction
Creators: name: Lee, Yan-Li
name: Zhou, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Link prediction is a fundamental challenge in network science. Among various methods, local similarity indices are widely used for their high cost-performance. However, the performance is less robust: for some networks local indices are highly competitive to state-of-the-art algorithms while for some other networks they are very poor. Inspired by techniques developed for recommender systems, we propose an enhancement framework for local indices based on collaborative filtering (CF). Considering the delicate but important difference between personalized recommendation and link prediction, we further propose an improved framework named as self-included collaborative filtering (SCF). The SCF framework significantly improved the accuracy and robustness of well-known local indices. The combination of SCF framework and a simple local index can produce an index with competitive performance and much lower complexity compared with elaborately-designed state-of-the-art algorithms.
description: 19 pages, 3 tables, 1 figure
Fast radio bursts and their high-energy counterpart from magnetar magnetospheres
Creators: name: Yang, Yuan-Pei
name: Zhang, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent discovery of a Galactic fast radio burst (FRB) occurring simultaneously with an X-ray burst (XRB) from the Galactic magnetar SGR J1935+2154 implies that at least some FRBs arise from magnetar activities. We propose that FRBs are triggered by crust fracturing of magnetars, with the burst event rate depending on the magnetic field strength in the crust. Since the crust fracturing rate is relatively higher in polar regions, FRBs are preferred to be triggered near the directions of multipolar magnetic poles. Crust fracturing produces Alfvén waves, forming a charge starved region in the magnetosphere and leading to non-stationary pair plasma discharges. An FRB is produced by coherent plasma radiation due to nonuniform pair production across magnetic field lines. Meanwhile, the FRB-associated XRB is produced by the rapid relaxation of the external magnetic field lines. In this picture, the sharp-peak hard X-ray component in association with FRB 200428 is from a region between adjacent trapped fireballs, and its spectrum with a high cutoff energy is attributed to resonant Compton scattering. The persistent X-ray emission is from a hot spot heated by the magnetospheric activities, and its temperature evolution is dominated by magnetar surface cooling. Within this picture, magnetars with stronger fields tend to produce brighter and more frequent repeated bursts.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, ApJ in press
Canadian federalism : a major constraint on the development of national transportation policy : lessons from changes to the Crow Rat
Creators: name: Ropertz, Henry
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Canada is a confederation comprised of eleven governments, one federal and ten provincial. This Canadian style of federalism is relatively unique in important aspects. The provinces have considerable power compared to the federal government and increasingly exercise that power to influence federal policies. For example, each provincial government has control over the resource base of its economy. Situations such as this pose special handicaps to effective national government. This thesis examines those features of Canadian federalism and analyzes how the structure of federalism and changes taking place in the structure militates against the development of national policies, such as transportation which are necessary to sustain the economic union of Canada. The thesis analyzes the development of national transportation policy within the framework of the changing structure of federalism. The focus is a comprehensive analysis of the federal government's policy to change the Crow Rate. The analysis undertaken is a longitudinal study of the Crow Rate over a ten-year period with emphasis on the period between 1980-1983. To substantiate the arguments, particular attention was paid to the mechanisms by which federal-provincial conflicts are managed. Included as part of the analysis was a time-series review of the personal working papers of Jean-Luc Pepin, Minister of Transport, 1980-1983. An impact matrix was compiled to show how different sectors and interest groups were affected by Crow Rate change and how these differences influenced public opinion. An "Inside-Outside Access Model" was introduced to describe a somewhat unique approach for Canada that was taken to reach a conclusion on Crow Rate reform, given the existing constraints. The major contribution of the thesis is that it demonstrates the ways in which the combination of federalism and interest group action constrain changes in national policy. The intensity of opposition may well be primarily rooted in the economic interests and the traditions of important groups in society, but the existence of a Canadian type of federal system gives those groups an additional level of government that can be mobilized to defend their interests. Moreover, provincial governments often reinforce the fears of the population and interest groups, provide strategic leadership for their protests and bestow legitimacy on the resistance to change. A coalition of powerful interest groups and their provincial governments is a potent force affecting national policymaking, even in areas of exclusive federal jurisdiction such as the Crow Rate.
Coupling to a phononic mode in $Bi_{2-x}Pb_xSr_2CaCu_2O_{8+δ}$: Angle-resolved photoemission
Creators: name: Ziegler, B.
name: Müller, B.
name: Krapf, A.
name: Dwelk, H.
name: Janowitz, C.
name: Manzke, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kink in the dispersion and the drop in the width observed by angle-resolved photoemission in the nodal direction of the Brillouin zone of $\mathrm{Bi_{2-x}Pb_xSr_2CaCu_2O_{8+ δ}}$ (abbreviated as (Pb)Bi2212) has attracted broad interest [1-3]. Surprisingly optimally lead-doped (Pb)Bi2212 with $\mathrm{T_C>89K}$ as well as the shadow band were not investigated so far, although the origin of the kink and the drop is still under strong debate. In this context a resonant magnetic-mode scenario and an electron-phonon coupling scenario are discussed controversially. Here we analyze the relevant differences between both scenarios and conclude that the kink and the drop are caused by a coupling of the electronic system to a phononic mode at least in the nodal direction. It is found that besides the dispersion and the drop in the width also the peak height as a new criterion can be used to define the energy scale of the interaction, giving a new means for a precise and consistent determination of the kink energy.
Supplementary Information from Antithetic proportional-integral feedback for reduced variance and improved control performance of stochastic reaction networks
Creators: name: Briat, Corentin
name: Gupta, Ankit
name: Khammash, Mustafa
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018

description: The ability of a cell to regulate and adapt its internal state in response to unpredictable environmental changes is called homeostasis and this ability is crucial for the cell's survival and proper functioning. Understanding how cells can achieve homeostasis, despite the intrinsic noise or randomness in their dynamics, is fundamentally important for both systems and synthetic biology. In this context, a significant development is the proposed antithetic integral feedback (AIF) motif, which is found in natural systems, and is known to ensure robust perfect adaptation for the mean dynamics of a given molecular species involved in a complex stochastic biomolecular reaction network. From the standpoint of applications, one drawback of this motif is that it often leads to an increased cell-to-cell heterogeneity or variance when compared to a constitutive (i.e. open-loop) control strategy. Our goal in this paper is show that this performance deterioration can be countered by combining the AIF motif and a negative feedback strategy. Using a tailored moment closure method, we derive approximate expressions for the stationary variance for the controlled network that demonstrate that increasing the strength of the negative feedback can indeed decrease the variance, sometimes even below its constitutive level. Numerical results verify the accuracy of these results and we illustrate them by considering three biomolecular networks with two types of negative feedback strategies. Our computational analysis indicates that there is a trade-off between the speed of the settling-time of the mean trajectories and the stationary variance of the controlled species; i.e. smaller variance is associated with larger settling-time.
v. 2 n. 2 (2024): Revista Trabalho, Direito e Justiça (Mai/Ago 2024)
Creators: name: Tribunal Regional do Trabalho 9º Região (Paraná)
Publisher: name: Tribunal Regional do Trabalho 9º Região (Paraná)
Year: 2024
Subjects: Revista Brasileira de Direito do Trabalho, Direito e Justiça
Brazilian Journal of Labor, Law and Justice
Sustainable Development Goals

description: A Revista Brasileira de Direito do Trabalho, Direito e Justiça anunciou o lançamento do Volume 2 n2 (2024),, em formato eBook, contendo uma compilação de estudos acadêmicos inéditos e originais. A revista foca em artigos com impacto significativo e inovação na área do Direito do Trabalho, com ênfase em publicações que abordem os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) da Agenda 2030 da ONU. Esse enfoque reflete o compromisso da revista com a justiça social e a sustentabilidade, destacando a importância de fomentar debates que conectem o Direito do Trabalho às questões sociais mais amplas, promovendo práticas laborais mais justas e sustentáveis no Brasil.

The Brazilian Journal of Labor, Law and Justice announced the release of Volume 2 n2 (2024), in eBook format, featuring a compilation of original and unpublished academic studies. The journal emphasizes high-impact articles that bring innovation in the field of Labor Law, prioritizing those that address the United Nations' 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This focus highlights the journal's commitment to social justice and sustainability, encouraging discussions that link labor law to broader social issues, and promoting fairer and more sustainable labor practices in Brazil.
Correlations, fluctuations and stability of a finite-size network of coupled oscillators
Creators: name: Buice, Michael A.
name: Chow, Carson C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The incoherent state of the Kuramoto model of coupled oscillators exhibits marginal modes in mean field theory. We demonstrate that corrections due to finite size effects render these modes stable in the subcritical case, i.e. when the population is not synchronous. This demonstration is facilitated by the construction of a non-equilibrium statistical field theoretic formulation of a generic model of coupled oscillators. This theory is consistent with previous results. In the all-to-all case, the fluctuations in this theory are due completely to finite size corrections, which can be calculated in an expansion in 1/N, where N is the number of oscillators. The N -> infinity limit of this theory is what is traditionally called mean field theory for the Kuramoto model.
description: 25 pages (2 column), 12 figures, modifications for resubmission
On the divisor function and the Riemann zeta-function in short intervals
Creators: name: Ivic, Aleksandar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M06; 11N37

description: We obtain, for $T^ε\le U=U(T)\le T^{1/2-ε}$, asymptotic formulas for $$ \int_T^{2T}(E(t+U) - E(t))^2 dt,\quad \int_T^{2T}(Δ(t+U) - Δ(t))^2 dt, $$ where $Δ(x)$ is the error term in the classical divisor problem, and $E(T)$ is the error term in the mean square formula for $|ζ(1/2+it)|$. Upper bounds of the form $O_ε(T^{1+ε}U^2)$ for the above integrals with biquadrates instead of square are shown to hold for $T^{3/8} \le U =U(T) \ll T^{1/2}$. The connection between the moments of $E(t+U) - E(t)$ and $|ζ(1/2+it)|$ is also given. Generalizations to some other number-theoretic error terms are discussed.
description: 18 pages
Route to Lambda in conformally coupled phantom cosmology
Creators: name: Hrycyna, Orest
name: Szydlowski, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we investigate acceleration in the flat cosmological model with a conformally coupled phantom field and we show that acceleration is its generic feature. We reduce the dynamics of the model to a 3-dimensional dynamical system and analyze it on a invariant 2-dimensional submanifold. Then the concordance FRW model with the cosmological constant $Λ$ is a global attractor situated on a 2-dimensional invariant space. We also study the behaviour near this attractor, which can be approximated by the dynamics of the linearized part of the system. We demonstrate that trajectories of the conformally coupled phantom scalar field with a simple quadratic potential crosses the cosmological constant barrier infinitely many times in the phase space. The universal behaviour of the scalar field and its potential is also calculated. We conclude that the phantom scalar field conformally coupled to gravity gives a natural dynamical mechanism of concentration of the equation of state coefficient around the magical value $w_{\text{eff}}=-1$. We demonstrate route to Lambda through the infinite times crossing the $w_{\text{eff}}=-1$ phantom divide.
description: revtex4, 7 pages, 3 figures; (v2) refs. added, typos corrected; (v3) published version
S-shaped current-voltage characteristics of n+-i-n-n+ graphene field-effect transistors due the Coulomb drag of quasi-equilibrium electrons by ballistic electrons
Creators: name: Ryzhii, V.
name: Ryzhii, M.
name: Mitin, V.
name: Shur, M. S.
name: Otsuji, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the injection of the ballistic electrons into the two-dimensional electron plasma in lateral n$^+$-i-n-n$^+$ graphene field-effect transistors (G-FET) might lead to a substantial Coulomb drag of the quasi-equilibrium electrons due the violation of the Galilean and Lorentz invariance in the systems with a linear electron dispersion. This effect can result in the S-shaped current-voltage characteristics (IVs). The resulting negative differential conductivity enables the hysteresis effects and current filamentation that can be used for the implementation of voltage switching devices. Due to a strong nonlinearity of the IVs, the G-FETs can be used for an effective frequency multiplication and detection of terahertz radiation.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Lattice Paths for Persistent Diagrams
Creators: name: Chung, Moo K.
name: Ombao, Hernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Persistent homology has undergone significant development in recent years. However, one outstanding challenge is to build a coherent statistical inference procedure on persistent diagrams. In this paper, we first present a new lattice path representation for persistent diagrams. We then develop a new exact statistical inference procedure for lattice paths via combinatorial enumerations. The lattice path method is applied to the topological characterization of the protein structures of the COVID-19 virus. We demonstrate that there are topological changes during the conformational change of spike proteins.
การปรับใช้ภูมิปัญญาท้องถิ่นด้านการแพทย์แผนไทยเพื่อสนับสนุนการท่องเที่ยว โดยชุมชน กรณีศึกษา สวนสมุนไพรแอนนี่ อําเภอโพธิ์ไทร จังหวัดอุบลราชธานี
Creators: name: นวพร บุญประสม
Publisher: name: วิทยาลัยเซาธ์อีสท์บางกอก
Year: 2556
Subjects: สวนสมุนไพรแอนนี่ จังหวัดอุบลราชธานี, ภูมิปัญญาท้องถิ่นด้านการแพทย์แผนไทย

description: 2, 9, วารสารวิชาการการท่องเที่ยวไทยนานาชาติ
การเพิ่มมูลค่าของธุรกิจร้านค้าผลิตภัณฑ์ในชุมชนสู่การท่องเที่ยวอย่างยั่งยืนกรณีศึกษา : เกาะเกร็ดจังหวัดนนทบุรี
Creators: name: กนกธร ชัยสุขสังข์
Publisher: name: สถาบันบัณฑิตพัฒนบริหารศาสตร
Year: 2556
Subjects: การเพิ่มมูลค่า, การท่องเที่ยวอย่างยั่งยืน,ธุรกิจร้านค้าผลิตภัณฑ์ในชุมชน

description: 1, 9, วารสารวิชาการการท่องเที่ยวไทยนานาชาติ