Nesodiprion kagaensis Togashi 1998
Creators: name: Hara, Hideho
name: Smith, David R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Diprionidae
Nesodiprion
Nesodiprion kagaensis

description: Nesodiprion kagaensis Togashi, 1998
Figs 3E–K, 6D–F, 7H, 8F–G, 9I –K, 10D, 11I –J, 12J–K, 13I, 14B, P–T, 15J–K, 16H–J, 17G–J, 18D–E
Nesodiprion kagaensis Togashi, 1998: 259; Taeger et al. 2010: 210; Hara & Smith 2012: 8 –10, 23.
Nesodiprion japonicus: Anonymous 1969: 70; Sato 1981: 1; Hara & Smith 2012: 2 (part.). [Not Marlatt, 1898.]
Additional description of female [condition of holotype in brackets]. Length 5.0–8.0 mm [8.0 mm]. Shiny, without metallic reflection (Figs 3E–H). Antenna basally slightly pale or not [slightly pale]. Palpi pale yellow to brown [brown], basally darkened. Pronotum posterolaterally narrowly yellowish white to dark brown [dark brown]. Mesoscutellum variable, from yellowish white and marginally black (Fig. 3E) to entirely black [mostly black with small brown spot posteromedially (Fig. 3G)]. Forewing with vein C yellow to brown [brown], darkened apically; stigma brown, marginally and basally black. Legs black, white or brown yellow [brown yellow] on apices of coxae, most of trochanters and trochantelli, apices of femora, fore and mid tibiae and tarsi except for apices slightly darkened, hind tibia except for apical third to fourth brown to black [apical third black] and hind tarsus except for apex slightly or distinctly darkened [distinctly darkened]; spurs brown to black [black]. Abdomen entirely black, or black with small or large yellow white spots each on lateral parts of seventh and eighth terga [entirely black according to Togashi (1998)].
Punctures on head mostly contiguous or fused, dorsally fine and separated (Figs 6D–E), on mesoscutum fine, somewhat vague on posterior part of median lobe (Figs 9I –J), on mesoscutellum predominantly large, often contiguous, rarely absent on wide central part [absent on central part], and on dorsal part of mesepisternum large, predominantly contiguous (Fig. 11I). Clypeus with wide ventral part and labrum nearly smooth. Dorsum of abdomen smooth, posteriorly weakly punctured; first tergum punctured on medial part or not punctured [inconspicuously punctured on wide medial part (Fig. 13I)].
Distance between eyes 1.3–1.5 [1.5] × eye height. Postocellar area weakly or moderately convex [slightly] (Figs 6D–E), with width 1.5–1.7 [1.7] × length, sometimes with weak median furrow [without median furrow]. Distances between eye and hind ocellus, between hind ocelli, and between hind ocellus and posterior margin of head 0.9–1.3: 1.0: 0.9–1.2 [1.2:1.0:1.1]; distances between eye and hind ocellus and between hind ocellus and posterior margin of head 0.9–1.3: 1.0 [1.1:1.0]. Distance between torulus and eye 1.6–1.9 [1.9] × distance between toruli. Malar space 0.3–0.8 [0.6] × width of median ocellus. Clypeus with ventral margin roundly concave. Antenna (Fig. 7H) with 21–23 [22] antennomeres; first flagellomere in lateral view with length 0.8–1.0 [0.8] × apical breadth except for ramus and length of ramus 1.7–2.6 [2.6] × length of first flagellomere. Mesoscutellum (Figs 9I –J) dorsally flattened or slightly convex [flattened], without median furrow; anterior edge of mesoscutellum angled 100–130° [130°]. In hind leg, first tarsomere length 1.5–1.7 [1.7] × tibia breadth (Fig. 12J). In hind wing, section of vein 1A between crossveins a and cu-a 0.6–0.8 [0.6] × as long as width of cell 1A.
Ovipositor sheath as in Figs 14P–T. Ovipositor as in Figs 15J–K [missing]. Lancet (Figs 16H–J) with 10–11 annuli, with length from apex to ventral end of basal row of spines (ctenidium) 2.5–2.8 × maximum width; first row of spines nearly erect, extending to or near ventral margin of lancet; first annulus with inconspicuous serrula or without serrula; border of first and second annuli convex on ventral margin; serrula of second annulus enlarged, with posterior convexity apically truncate and anterior slope much shorter than posterior slope; serrulae of third and fourth annuli posteriorly convex; serrulae of fifth to sixth or seventh annuli simple.
Description of male (hitherto undescribed). Length 4.8–6.8 mm (Figs 3I –J). As in female, but differing as follows except for usual sexual differences. Mesoscutellum and abdomen entirely black. Punctures on head and thorax generally denser.
Postocellar area with width 1.9–2.1 × length. Ratio of distances between eye and lateral ocellus, between lateral ocelli, and between lateral ocellus and posterior margin of head 0.9–1.1:1.0:0.7–0.9; ratio of distances between eye and lateral ocellus and between lateral ocellus and posterior margin of head 1.1–1.3:1.0. Distance between torulus and eye 1.4–1.6 × distance between toruli. Antenna (Figs 3I –J) with 19–23 antennomeres. In hind leg, first tarsomere length 1.6–1.9 × tibia breadth (Fig. 12K).
Genital capsule (Figs 17G–J) narrow, rarely wide in dorsal or ventral view. Parapenis in ventral view long, apically rounded. Harpe in ventral view narrow, with medial margin nearly straight and apex pointed. Valviceps in dorsal view with lateral margin distinctly convex around middle and slightly roundly convex near apex, in lateral view (Figs 18D–E) sinuated, with dorsal margin strongly convex around middle.
Larva. Final feeding instar (semifinal instar), male (Fig. 3K): Length 15 mm; head pale yellow, with black band between eyes extending around frons; trunk pale whitish green, dorsally green except for narrow anterior and posterior ends; legs black.
Material examined. Holotype (Figs 3G–H): ♀, “Yoshioka Kawachi mura Ishikawa Pref. 10.V.1969 I. Togashi” (NSMT).
Other material examined: JAPAN, HOKKAIDO—1♀ (mother of HH 110627 B), Obihiro, Nishi-obihiro, coll. cocoon under Pinus koraiensis 13. X. 2010, em. 27. VI. 2011, laid ca. 50 eggs on Pinus pumila 27–29. VI., H. Hara (NSMT); 45♂ (rearing code HH 110627 B; progeny of above female) from eggs laid 27–29. VI. 2011, hatched 2– 4. VII., coc. 20–25. VII., em. 3–19. VIII. 2011, H. Hara (NSMT); 5♀ 1♂, Ebetsu, Nopporo, 9. V. 1942, Pinus pumila, M. Inouye (FFPRIH); 2♀, not labelled, but put by former specimens (FFPRIH); 6♀, same locality, coll. larva on Pinus strobus 2. X. 1962, em. 10. XII. 1962, C. Koidumi (FFPRIH); 2♀, Sapporo, Ainosato, coll. larvae on Pinus strobus 24. IX. 2011, coc. late IX., em. 3–10. VI. 2012, H. Hara (NSMT); 1♀, same data and HH 110924 C, laid eggs on Pinus pumila, early VI. 2012 (NSMT); 5♂, offspring of HH 110924 C, hatched late VI. 3012, coc. 6– 12. VII., em. 23–27. VII. 2012 (NSMT); 1♂, Eniwa, em. 14. VI. 1970, host Pinus strobus (FFPRIH) (probably emerged from a population in Eniwa stated by Anonymous 1969); 1♂, Hakodate, Kikyo, 4. VI.–17. VII. 2008, H. Hara (NSMT). HONSHU—Iwate Pref.: 1♀ 1♂, “Morioka Honshu, Spring 1967 H. Sato” “'67 [Spring, reared, sutorobu (= P. strobus) Takizawa (in Japanese)]” (NSMT) (probably cited by Sato 1981 as N. japonicus); 1♀ 3♂, Morioka, 1971, K. Furuta (FFPRIH) (probably obtained from populations studied by Sato 1981 as N. japonicus); 5♀ 10♂, Morioka, V. 1971, host Pinus strobus, K. Kamijo (probably obtained from populations studied by Sato 1981 as N. japonicus) (HFRI, NSMT, SDEI, USNM). Fukushima Pref.: 1♂, “WAKAMATSU, 30. V. 1951 Y. K.” (KU) (cited by Hara & Smith 2012 as N. japonicus). Gunma pref.: 2♂, Mt. Azumaya-san, offspring of female reared from larva on Pinus densiflora, H. Kojima (NSMT); 2♂, same data but offspring of female reared from larva on Pinus koraiensis (NSMT). Tokyo Met.: 1♂, Tokyo, early V. “12 [=?1937]” (OPU); 1♀, Kodaira, coll. larva 10. IX. 1948, em. 23. IX. 1948, “ Nesodiprion japonica MARLATT ” (KU); 2♀, do. but without species name label (OPU); 2♂, do. but (KU); 1♀ 4♂, Katsushika, Kanamachi, 18. IV. 1951 (KU); 1♂, Meguro, 30. VIII. 1918, M. Yano (NSMT). Nagano Pref.: 1♂, Nagano, Kitanagaike, em. 13. XI. 2006, H. Kojima (NSMT); 1♀, Nagano, Kinasa, 8. VI. 1980, host: Pinus strobus, H. Kojima (NSMT); 1♀ 1♂, Shiojiri, Kataoka, em. 27. VII.–3. VIII. 1998, host: Pinus densiflora, H. Kojima (NSMT); 4♂, Mt. Nyukasa-yama, em. 20–21. X. 2011, H. Kojima (NSMT); 1♀, Ina, Chuo-ku, 30. VI.–3. VII. 1971, host: Larix kaempferi, H. Kojima (NSMT); 1♀ 1♂, Ina, Takatoo, Katakura, em. 3–4. IX. 2008, H. Kojima (NSMT); 1♀, Minamishinano, Hontaniyama, 2. VII. 1973, H. Kojima (NSMT); 1♀, Shimoina, Yasuoka, 2. VI. 1982, H. Kojima (NSMT). Japan, locality undetermined: 1♀, “Ushio”, 20. IV. 1924, Takeuchi (OPU); 1♀, do. but 5. V. 1931. USA: 1♀, “ Japan (?) Seattle P.O.E. [= port of entry], May 3, 1956, in mdse [= merchandise]” (USNM); 1♀, “dwarf pine” “ Japan 9-29-06 ” “Quarantine, San Francisco, Calif., L. A. Whitney Colr.” (USNM).
Distribution. Japan: Hokkaido (new record), Honshu.
Two females were intercepted by quarantine at U. S. ports-of-entry.
Host plants. Pinaceae: Pinus densiflora Siebold et Zucc. (new record), P. koraiensis Siebold et Zucc. (new record), P. p um i l a (Pall.) Regel (new record), P. s t ro bu s L. (Sato 1981); Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carrière (new record).
Life history. The life history was detailed by Sato (1981) under the name of N. japonicus.
Remarks. This species is very similar to N. japonicus (for the differences, see Hara & Smith 2012). The larvae are also very similar to each other (compare Fig. 3K with Fig. 3L), and may be indistinguishable. The distribution of these two species are somewhat different. Nesodiprion kagaensis occurs from central Hokkaido to central Honshu in Japan, while N. japonicus is distributed more widely, through Japan from southern Hokkaido to Yaeyama Islands and in Taiwan and Korea (Hara & Smith 2012).
description: Published as part of Hara, Hideho & Smith, David R., 2015, Japanese species of the sawfly genus Nesodiprion (Hymenoptera, Diprionidae), pp. 481-508 in Zootaxa 4007 (4) on pages 502-505, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4007.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/235502