cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Being Hafu (Biethnic Japanese) in Japan: through the eyes of the Japanese media, Japanese university students, and Hafu themselves
Creators: name: Yoshida, Shima
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biethnicity
Hafu
Japan

description: There is generally scarce research concerning the hafu (biethnic Japanese) experience in Japan; therefore, the current study sets out to contribute to scholarship on this subject by examining Japanese media images of hafu, and how those images affect Japanese and hafu individuals' conception of hafu in Japan. Five research questions were posed: (1) How are hafu represented in the Japanese media ethnically? (2) How do Japanese university students perceive hafu to be depicted in the Japanese media? (3) Do Japanese university students perceive hafu to be generally Japanese/White as suggested by media images? (4) How do Japanese university students perceive hafu individuals? (5) What are hafu individuals' perceptions of employment opportunities in Japan? Two populations, Japanese university students (n=49) and hafu individuals (n=8), were surveyed, and the nationality and ethnicity of listed hafu celebrities on a Japanese internet celebrity database were categorized. Findings revealed that hafu celebrities tended to be commonly Japanese/White. Japanese university students perceived hafu to be depicted in the media as good-looking, subjects of envy for their Japanese/White appearance, and linguistically ambiguous. The general theme for impressions given for specific hafu celebrities was that they were not "normal" Japanese. Further, Japanese students perceived "real life" hafu to be more likely Japanese/Asian, rather than Japanese/White. Japanese university students perceived hafu in general as being multilingual, good-looking with foreign physical features, and having traits of iv "internationalism." Finally, hafu individuals who had grown up in Japan tended to perceive more employment opportunities in Japan; whereas, hafu who had grown up abroad perceived more employment opportunities abroad. However, hafu generally perceived more opportunities for employment in jobs that required bilingualism as a skill set in Japan. The narrow stereotypes created for hafu by the Japanese media seems to affect how both Japanese and hafu individuals perceive "being hafu in Japan," as the common impressions given about hafu by Japanese students mimicked the media depiction of hafu, and hafu themselves felt more compelled to position themselves as "international" bilinguals in the Japanese job market.
Multicenter Privacy-Preserving Model Training for Deep Learning Brain Metastases Autosegmentation
Creators: name: Huang, Yixing
name: Khodabakhshi, Zahra
name: Gomaa, Ahmed
name: Schmidt, Manuel
name: Fietkau, Rainer
name: Guckenberger, Matthias
name: Andratschke, Nicolaus
name: Bert, Christoph
name: Tanadini-Lang, Stephanie
name: Putz, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Objectives: This work aims to explore the impact of multicenter data heterogeneity on deep learning brain metastases (BM) autosegmentation performance, and assess the efficacy of an incremental transfer learning technique, namely learning without forgetting (LWF), to improve model generalizability without sharing raw data.
 Materials and methods: A total of six BM datasets from University Hospital Erlangen (UKER), University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Stanford, UCSF, NYU and BraTS Challenge 2023 on BM segmentation were used for this evaluation. First, the multicenter performance of a convolutional neural network (DeepMedic) for BM autosegmentation was established for exclusive single-center training and for training on pooled data, respectively. Subsequently bilateral collaboration was evaluated, where a UKER pretrained model is shared to another center for further training using transfer learning (TL) either with or without LWF.
 Results: For single-center training, average F1 scores of BM detection range from 0.625 (NYU) to 0.876 (UKER) on respective single-center test data. Mixed multicenter training notably improves F1 scores at Stanford and NYU, with negligible improvement at other centers. When the UKER pretrained model is applied to USZ, LWF achieves a higher average F1 score (0.839) than naive TL (0.570) and single-center training (0.688) on combined UKER and USZ test data. Naive TL improves sensitivity and contouring accuracy, but compromises precision. Conversely, LWF demonstrates commendable sensitivity, precision and contouring accuracy. When applied to Stanford, similar performance was observed.
 Conclusion: Data heterogeneity results in varying performance in BM autosegmentation, posing challenges to model generalizability. LWF is a promising approach to peer-to-peer privacy-preserving model training.
description: Official published version in the Green Journal: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radonc.2024.110419
Swift J1727.8-1613 has the Largest Resolved Continuous Jet Ever Seen in an X-ray Binary
Creators: name: Wood, Callan M.
name: Miller-Jones, James C. A.
name: Bahramian, Arash
name: Tingay, Steven J.
name: Prabu, Steve
name: Russell, Thomas D.
name: Atri, Pikky
name: Carotenuto, Francesco
name: Altamirano, Diego
name: Motta, Sara E.
name: Hyland, Lucas
name: Reynolds, Cormac
name: Weston, Stuart
name: Fender, Rob
name: Körding, Elmar
name: Maitra, Dipankar
name: Markoff, Sera
name: Migliari, Simone
name: Russell, David M.
name: Sarazin, Craig L.
name: Sivakoff, Gregory R.
name: Soria, Roberto
name: Tetarenko, Alexandra J.
name: Tudose, Valeriu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-wavelength polarimetry and radio observations of Swift J1727.8-1613 at the beginning of its recent 2023 outburst suggested the presence of a bright compact jet aligned in the north-south direction, which could not be confirmed without high angular resolution images. Using the Very Long Baseline Array and the Long Baseline Array, we imaged Swift J1727.8-1613, during the hard/hard-intermediate state, revealing a bright core and a large, two-sided, asymmetrical, resolved jet. The jet extends in the north-south direction, at a position angle of $-0.60\pm0.07°$ East of North. At 8.4 GHz, the entire resolved jet structure is $\sim110 (d/2.7\,\text{kpc})/\sin i$ AU long, with the southern approaching jet extending $\sim80 (d/2.7\,\text{kpc})/\sin i$ AU from the core, where $d$ is the distance to the source and $i$ is the inclination of the jet axis to the line of sight. These images reveal the most resolved continuous X-ray binary jet, and possibly the most physically extended continuous X-ray binary jet ever observed. Based on the brightness ratio of the approaching and receding jets, we put a lower limit on the intrinsic jet speed of $β\geq0.27$ and an upper limit on the jet inclination of $i\leq74°$. In our first observation we also detected a rapidly fading discrete jet knot $66.89\pm0.04$ mas south of the core, with a proper motion of $0.66\pm0.05$ mas hour$^{-1}$, which we interpret as the result of a downstream internal shock or a jet-ISM interaction, as opposed to a transient relativistic jet launched at the beginning of the outburst.
description: Accepted in ApJL
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22383.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 25.12.1966, erstellt von Werner Scheidegger
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Time-reversed information flow through a wormhole in scalar-tensor gravity
Creators: name: Nguyen, Hoang Ky
name: Lobo, Francisco S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This Letter aims to advance unexplored properties of a new class of Closed Timelike Curves recently discovered in scalar-tensor gravity, reported in Universe 9, 467 (2023) and Eur.$\,$Phys.$\,$J.$\,$C 83, 626 (2023). Therein, it was shown that when the Weak Energy Condition is violated, the topology of spacetime in scalar-tensor gravity is altered, enabling the formation of two-way traversable wormholes. Furthermore, each of these wormholes acts a gateway between two $\textit{time-mirrored}$ worlds, where the two asymptotically flat sheets in the Kruskal-Szekeres diagram are glued antipodally along $\textit{three}$ directions -- time $t$ and the polar and azimuth angles $(θ,\,φ)$ of the 2-sphere -- to form a wormhole throat. This contrasts with the standard embedding diagram which typically glues the sheets only along the $θ$ and $φ$ directions. Crucially, due to the `gluing' along the $t$ direction, the wormhole becomes a portal connecting the two spacetime sheets with $\textit{opposite}$ physical time flows, enabling the emergence of closed timelike loops which straddle the throat. We shall point out that this portal $\textit{mathematically}$ permits the possibility of backward propagation of information $\textit{against}$ time. This feature is ubiquitous for wormholes in scalar-tensor theories. In addition, we formulate the Feynman sum for transition amplitudes of microscopic particles in the proximity of a wormhole throat in which we account for timelike paths that experience time reversal.
description: To appear in Phys. Lett. B; 6 pages, 5 figures; slight revisions for clarification, with references added
Qualitative explanation of the data on the decays $D^0\to a_0(980)^\pmπ^\mp$ and $D^+\to a_0(980)^{+(0)}π^{0(+)}$ in the four-quark model of the $a_0(980)$ resonance
Creators: name: Achasov, N. N.
name: Shestakov, G. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the values of the ratios $\mathcal{B}(D^0\to a_0(980)^+π^-)/\mathcal{B} (D^0\to a_0(980)^-π^+ )$ and $\mathcal{B}(D^+\to a_0(980)^+π^0)/\mathcal{B} (D^+\to a_0(980)^0 π^+)$, recently measured by the BESIII Collaboration, are naturally explained in the four-quark model of the $a_0(980) $ resonance.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, v2, clarifications and references added, published in Phys. Rev. D
Predictive value of physiologic variables in bedside caregiver initiated extubation of postoperative cardiac surgery patients
Creators: name: Gooder, Valerie Jean
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Caregiver
subject: Extubation: Postoperative
subject: Cardiac Surgery
subject: Decision-Making
subject: Critical Care
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Anatomy & Physiology
subject: Surgery

description: Respiratory therapists and nurses (bedside caregivers) often make the decision to extubate patients following cardiac surgery. A potential mechanism to reduce variation, standardize decision-making, and provide an adjunct to the expert bedside caregiver is the use of rule-based computerized decision support tools. The development of these tools necessitates an understanding of the decision-making process, including the information and rules used to generate appropriate recommendations. The aims of the research were: (a) determining the positive and negative predictive values of threshold variables, (b) comparing the predictive power of two different decision models using the threshold values, and (c) determining if the use of threshold values to predict successful extubation is superior to the decisions to extubate made by bedside providers. A retrospective descriptive design was used to evaluate the decision models and the variable thresholds against bedside caregiver decisions to extubate. The medical records of 200 patients undergoing cardiac surgery at two large tertiary care centers in northern Utah were studied. The threshold values studied included FVC/kg > 10ml, V[T]/kg ? 3.5 ml, f ? 26 bpm, V[E] < 10 liters/min,f/V[T] <70, MAP > 70 mm Hg, SvO2 ? 60%, and mediastinal tube drainage ,< 100cc/hr. A decision model requiring one failed threshold to predict failed extubation and a second model predicting failure if two thresholds were not met were evaluated. In addition, the overall failure rate of extubations was evaluated. Analyses of the data suggest that neither model demonstrated improved overall prediction when compared to bedside caregivers. However, both models predicted failed extubations not predicted by the bedside-caregivers. The recommendations of both models resulted in potential delays in extubation. The impact of these delays was not quantified as part of this study. The overall extubation failure rate was 2% for bedside-caregiver extubation.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22365.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 26.11.1966, erstellt von Werner Scheidegger
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
A near-optimal rate of periodic homogenization for convex Hamilton-Jacobi equations
Creators: name: Cooperman, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35F21 (Primary) 35B27 (Secondary)

description: We consider a Hamilton-Jacobi equation where the Hamiltonian is periodic in space and coercive and convex in momentum. Combining the representation formula from optimal control theory and a theorem of Alexander, originally proved in the context of first-passage percolation, we find a rate of homogenization which is within a log-factor of optimal and holds in all dimensions.
description: 6 pages, comments welcome! (added references and updated introduction)
Additional file 2 of Readiness of health facilities to deliver non-communicable diseases services in Kenya: a national cross-sectional survey
Creators: name: Ammoun, Rita
name: Wami, Welcome Mkhululi
name: Otieno, Peter
name: Schultsz, Constance
name: Kyobutungi, Catherine
name: Asiki, Gershim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2. Tracer indicator items for non-communicable disease service readiness.
Do Molecular Geometries Change Under Vibrational Strong Coupling?
Creators: name: Schnappinger, Thomas
name: Kowalewski, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As pioneering experiments have shown, strong vibrational coupling between molecular vibrations and light modes in an optical cavity can significantly alter molecular properties and even affect chemical reactivity. However, the current theoretical description is limited and far from complete. To explore the origin of this exciting observation, we investigate how the molecular structure changes under strong light-matter coupling using an ab-initio method based on the cavity Born-Oppenheimer Hartree-Fock ansatz. By optimizing H$_2$O and H$_2$O$_2$ resonantly coupled to cavity modes, we study the importance of reorientation and geometric relaxation. In addition, we show that the inclusion of one or two cavity modes can change the observed results. On the basis of our findings, we derive a simple concept to estimate the effect of the cavity interaction on the molecular geometry using the molecular polarizability and the dipole moments.
The influence of bibliotherapy on children's attitudes toward peers who use augmentative and alternative communication
Creators: name: Kanarowski, Elizabeth Ann
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2013
Subjects: Bibliotherapy

description: This study investigated the effects of a single bibliotherapy intervention on the attitudes of first grade children toward peers who use augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). Seventy-one children, ages 6 and 7, participated in either (a) the experimental group, where they heard and discussed a book that featured a child who used AAC, or (b) the control group, where they heard and discussed a book featuring a child who did not use AAC. Participants then completed the AAC Acceptance Scale for Children. Postintervention, the experimental group demonstrated significantly more negative attitudes in the affective and behavioral domains of attitude. Findings suggest the importance of teacher education about the efficacy of single use bibliotherapy, and the need for future research regarding elimination of attitudinal barriers toward individuals who use AAC.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22376.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 13.12.1966, erstellt von Werner Scheidegger
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Adapting paths against zero-determinant strategies in repeated prisoner's dilemma games
Creators: name: Miyagawa, Daiki
name: Mamiya, Azumi
name: Ichinose, Genki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Long-term cooperation, competition, or exploitation among individuals can be modeled through repeated games. In repeated games, Press and Dyson discovered zero-determinant (ZD) strategies that enforce a special relationship between two players. This special relationship implies that a ZD player can unilaterally impose a linear payoff relationship to the opponent regardless of the opponent's strategies. A ZD player also has a property that can lead the opponent to an unconditional cooperation if the opponent tries to improve its payoff. This property has been mathematically confirmed by Chen and Zinger. Humans often underestimate a payoff obtained in the future. However, such discounting was not considered in their analysis. Here, we mathematically explored whether a ZD player can lead the opponent to an unconditional cooperation even if a discount factor is incorporated. Specifically, we represented the expected payoff with a discount factor as the form of determinants and calculated whether the values obtained by partially differentiating each factor in the strategy vector become positive. As a result, we proved that the strategy vector ends up as an unconditional cooperation even when starting from any initial strategy. This result was confirmed through numerical calculations. We extended the applicability of ZD strategies to real world problems.
description: 28 pages, 11 figures, and 6 tables
Evaluation of factors relative to medication errors
Creators: name: Carlton, Gaya
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Nurses' Instruction
Nursing Education

description: Medication errors rank second to falls as a cause of lawsuits involving nurses. Medication errors may be insignificant, without any apparent adverse reactions, or extremely hazardous, causing permanent damage or even death. Although medication errors are not new to nursing, the recent expansion of drug therapy has complicated the task of medication administration, causing much more potential for error. New drugs are more powerful and toxic, having profound effects on the body, to the point of changing body metabolism. As a result, there is greater responsibility placed on those involved in drug therapy. This study examined the effect of age, work experience, and education level on the occurrence of medication errors for registered nurses working on medical/surgical nursing departments at a not-for-profit health care facility in a metropolitan area. Descriptive statistics used for analysis determined that no statistical significance existed between the independent variables of age, work experience, and education level, and the dependent variable of the occurrence of medication errors.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22269.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 21.07.1966, erstellt von Berthold Hermes
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Additional file 1 of Socioeconomic inequalities in HRQoL in England: an age-sex stratified analysis
Creators: name: Schneider, Paul
name: Love-Koh, James
name: McNamara, Simon
name: Doran, Tim
name: Gutacker, Nils
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Online supplementary material to ‘Socioeconomic inequalities in HRQoL in England: an age-sex stratified analysis’.
Controlled sensitivity of marine controlled-source electromagnetic surveys
Creators: name: Yoon, Daeung
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Conjugate gradient method
Controlled sensitivity
Integrated sensitivity
MCSEM
Sensitivity

description: Based on the integrated sensitivity method, we introduce the concept of controlled sensitivity, which enables the sensitivity of a geophysical survey to be focused on a specific target area of sea bottom formation. In particular, we find the optimal parameters of the data weighing, which make it possible to increase the sensitivity of the survey within a specific area, where a potential geological target (e.g., a hydrocarbon reservoir)  may be located. We demonstrate this approach with a numerical study of the sensitivity of the marine controlled-source electromagnetic (MCSEM) surveys, developing a numerical method and computer codes for constructing one-dimensional and twodimensional  controlled sensitivity for given a priori sensitivity models. This method represents an important technique to increase the resolution of MCSEM data with respect  to a specific target area.
The human right to democracy
Creators: name: Jackson, David Michael
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2015
Subjects: Democracy
Human rights
Political philosophy
Utilitarianism

description: In this dissertation, I argue that democracy is a human right. In order to support this claim, my argument will proceed from a foundational moral grounding (Indirect Utilitarianism), through analyses of the concepts involved (human rights and democracy), to my conclusion. I begin by specifying the definition of democracy I find superior; proceed to an explication of the normative theory to which I appeal for my claims; then to a discussion of the justification of rights in general; followed by a discussion of human rights, and finally to my case for the human right to democracy. I follow this with a survey of the literature representing the opposing position, in order to catalogue the concerns my positive account will need to address. I then proceed to my own justificatory account. Having presented my positive account, I address the various criticisms of the minority position, using arguments that either blunt such criticism or demonstrate how the criticisms do not address my own position.
Probabilistic Deep Learning for Real-Time Large Deformation Simulations
Creators: name: Deshpande, Saurabh
name: Lengiewicz, Jakub
name: Bordas, Stéphane P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For many novel applications, such as patient-specific computer-aided surgery, conventional solution techniques of the underlying nonlinear problems are usually computationally too expensive and are lacking information about how certain can we be about their predictions. In the present work, we propose a highly efficient deep-learning surrogate framework that is able to accurately predict the response of bodies undergoing large deformations in real-time. The surrogate model has a convolutional neural network architecture, called U-Net, which is trained with force-displacement data obtained with the finite element method. We propose deterministic and probabilistic versions of the framework. The probabilistic framework utilizes the Variational Bayes Inference approach and is able to capture all the uncertainties present in the data as well as in the deep-learning model. Based on several benchmark examples, we show the predictive capabilities of the framework and discuss its possible limitations
Rasch Model Accounting for Measurement Errors
Creators: name: Volinn, Weining Y.
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2014

description: This dissertation focuses on two prominent issues encountered in analyzing questionnaire data. First, the summed score of all individual questions in a questionnaire is characteristically used as a measure of disease severity, even though it often does not have interval properties. Second, measurement errors exist whenever there is measurement. For example, questionnaires, composed of questions with predefined response categories, force patients to make choices. The data for the dissertation were binary response data from Simple Shoulder Test questionnaire (SST). A Rasch model was used to estimate Rasch scores. The minimum clinical important difference (MCID) in Rasch scores was then compared with the MCID in summed scores. MCID was defined as the statistically significant difference in change from baseline between patient groups (No Change and Minimal Improvement). Two anchored questions were used to delineate patient groups. In Rasch scores, conclusions about the MCID reached through both questions supported MCID in summed scores. To address issues of nonlinearity and measurement errors, I constructed a Rasch model accounting for measurement errors and mapped out Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) steps to estimate model parameters. The optimal setting of factors affecting MCMC implementation was identified. To evaluate the effect of measurement errors, I applied Rasch model accounting for measurement errors to SST data and obtained Rasch scores accounting for iv measurement errors (i.e., MCMC Rasch scores). MCID analysis was performed on MCMC Rasch scores. I found that MCID is unascertainable through MCMC Rasch scores. Inconsistent MCID findings in these two types of Rasch scores may be due to bias of estimates of Rasch SST when measurement errors are left unconsidered. In sum, Rasch scores accounting for measurement errors: 1) provide more accurate estimates for person abilities indicated by mean square errors; 2) provide unequal spaces between scores compared with summed scores, which may more accurately describe patients' experiences; 3) provide estimates corresponding to extreme summed scores with reasonable variances, which remain inestimable in the classical Rasch model; 4) may be used as a continuous variable, unlike summed and classical Rasch scores, because the measurement errors were treated as random effects.
Interactive computer graphics support of medical decision-making
Creators: name: Balas, E. Andrew
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Graphic Format

description: Results from experimental psychology indicate that interpretation is often faster and more accurate when the information is presented in a graphic format. Through the use of computer graphics technology, the objective of this research and development project was to improve the presentation of clinical information. A library of computer graphics methods (PALGRAPH) was developed to facilitate the development of clinical applications. The library includes tools visualizing diagnostic and therapeutic data, displaying reference areas, and providing user and data driven animation for highlighting abnormalities. Through the use of the PALGRAPH library, a labor curve presentation program was developed. It provides a combined graphic display of timed progressive cervical dilatation, fetal station, and stimulation of uterine activity (oxytocin infusion). For the earlier detection of abnormalities, phase specific normal ranges (reference areas) are displayed. In addition, protraction/arrest as well as precipitate labor disorders are highlighted and computer messages are displayed. The performance of the program was evaluated through the assessment of 405 labors entered into a local area network of computers. On an average, 1.5 abnormalities per recorded labor (2.0 for labors resulting in vaginal delivery) were identified by the program. The graphic presentation of the labor curve, produced within 3 seconds, displayed 27% more information than the tabular format on the same screen area. The graphic presentation could provide a single-screen display of the labor curve for all patients. A controlled study of the differential effects of computer graphics presentation on the detection and recall of labor abnormalities has been conducted. Twenty physicians interpreted the labor data of 12 patients. Half of the 240 labor data presentations were in graphics format, the other half in tabular format. Both types of presentation displayed the normal ranges and highlighted the abnormalities detected by the computer. There were 18% more labor abnormalities recorded when the data were presented graphically--primarily as a result of better sensitivity. The difference in sensitivity associated with the graphic presentation was significantly larger among residents than among the attending physicians. Graphic presentation also improved the recall of recorded labor abnormalities by 11%.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22287.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 11.08.1966, erstellt von Berthold Hermes
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Additional file 1 of Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake among French population aged 65 years and older: results from a national online survey
Creators: name: Jung, Yu-Jin
name: Gagneux-Brunon, Amandine
name: Bonneton, Marion
name: Botelho-Nevers, Elisabeth
name: Verger, Pierre
name: Ward, Jeremy K.
name: Launay, Odile
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Defininig the Relationship Between the Homeobox Gene VSX2 and Extrinsic Signaling in the Regulation of Retinal Progenitor Cell Properties
Creators: name: Sigulinsky, Crystal Lynn
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2014

description: Development of the neural retina is a complex process requiring step-wise induction of specified retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) from the neural ectoderm and their coordinated proliferative expansion and differentiation into the mature neurons and glia of the adult retina. The homeobox gene Vsx2 is expressed in RPCs and required for proper execution of this retinal program. In the absence of Vsx2 function, maintenance of retinal identity, RPC proliferation, and retinal neurogenesis are disrupted, with serious consequences on overall ocular development and visual function. Despite the obvious importance of Vsx2, an understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which Vsx2 regulates these processes is lacking and few direct targets have been identified. To further define the role of Vsx2, we sought to determine the relationship between Vsx2 and the extrinsic signaling pathways regulating RPC properties. Through the analysis of genetic chimeras and candidate signaling pathways, we evaluated the contribution of Vsx2 to the regulation of extrinsic signaling pathways involved in the cellular processes of retinal development. We find that Vsx2 mediates the response of RPCs to the signals driving retinal specification and maintenance, largely through cell autonomous repression of the RPE determinant Mitf. We also find that Vsx2-deficient RPCs exhibit a robust cell autonomous delay in the initiation of retinal neurogenesis, revealing an essential role for Vsx2 in the temporal regulation of neurogenic competence. In contrast, we find that regulation of RPC proliferation by Vsx2 involves significant cell nonautonomous iv contributions, suggesting an important role for Vsx2 in regulating the availability of retinal proliferation signals. Analysis of the retinal mitogen Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) and its signaling pathway in Vsx2-deficient retinas further supported this role, demonstrating that Vsx2 is required to ensure sufficient availability of Shh. We also describe a potential role for Vsx2 in the regulation of RPC responsiveness to Hedgehog (Hh) pathway stimulation. Taken together, the data presented in this dissertation demonstrate the requirement for Vsx2 in promoting both the reception and availability of the extrinsic signals necessary for the regulation of RPC properties, thereby ensuring the proper growth and differentiation of this important sensory tissue.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22292.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 21.08.1966, erstellt von Werner Scheidegger
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Factors associated with breastfeeding duration
Creators: name: Bedard, W. Sue
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Breastfeeding

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the experience of breastfeeding based on data collected from two structured questionnaires. The study addressed the impact of planned duration, social network, maternal confidence/commitment, and the impact of these variables on the actual breastfeeding duration. Forty-five primarily White, married, middle income, older (> 20 years) mothers completed the study.  At the 6-week follow-up interview, 75% (n=34) of the mothers were successfully breastfeeding. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Despite the small sample size, results suggested all the mothers tended to breastfeed for their intended duration. Mothers who were breastfeeding at 6 weeks had higher mean confidence and commitment scores, and perceived greater social support in terms of both information/education and support from family and friends. It is recommended that further research be done regarding maternal confidence and commitment and that nurses assume an active role in providing concrete information and consistent support.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung unnummeriert, einen Zürcher Lückentag ergänzend.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 26.10.1966, erstellt von André Koeckelenbergh, Observatoire Royal de Belgique in Uccle
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1966

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage in Uccle.
Instrument: Merz-Grubb Refraktor Teleskop (Öffnung 160 mm, f = 2450 mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25 cm)
Recent Developments in Quantum-Circuit Refrigeration
Creators: name: Mörstedt, Timm Fabian
name: Viitanen, Arto
name: Vadimov, Vasilii
name: Sevriuk, Vasilii
name: Partanen, Matti
name: Hyyppä, Eric
name: Catelani, Gianluigi
name: Silveri, Matti
name: Tan, Kuan Yen
name: Möttönen, Mikko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the recent progress in direct active cooling of the quantum-electric degrees freedom in engineered circuits, or quantum-circuit refrigeration. In 2017, the invention of a quantum-circuit refrigerator (QCR) based on photon-assisted tunneling of quasiparticles through a normal-metal--insulator--superconductor junction inspired a series of experimental studies demonstrating the following main properties: (i) the direct-current (dc) bias voltage of the junction can change the QCR-induced damping rate of a superconducting microwave resonator by orders of magnitude and give rise to non-trivial Lamb shifts, (ii) the damping rate can be controlled in nanosecond time scales, and (iii) the dc bias can be replaced by a microwave excitation, the amplitude of which controls the induced damping rate. Theoretically, it is predicted that state-of-the-art superconducting resonators and qubits can be reset with an infidelity lower than $10^{-4}$ in tens of nanoseconds using experimentally feasible parameters. A QCR-equipped resonator has also been demonstrated as an incoherent photon source with an output temperature above one kelvin yet operating at millikelvin. This source has been used to calibrate cryogenic amplification chains. In the future, the QCR may be experimentally used to quickly reset superconducting qubits, and hence assist in the great challenge of building a practical quantum computer.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Annalen der Physik (AdP) 19.11.2021
Evidence for C and Mg variations in the GD-1 stellar stream
Creators: name: Balbinot, Eduardo
name: Cabrera-Ziri, Ivan
name: Lardo, Carmela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamically cold stellar streams are the relics left over from globular cluster dissolution. These relics offer a unique insight into a now fully disrupted population of ancient clusters in our Galaxy. Using a combination of Gaia eDR3 proper motions, optical and near-UV colours we select a sample of likely Red Giant Branch stars from the GD-1 stream for medium-low resolution spectroscopic follow-up. Based on radial velocity and metallicity, we are able to find 14 new members of GD-1, 5 of which are associated with the \emph{spur} and \emph{blob/cocoon} off-stream features. We measured C-abundances to probe for abundance variations known to exist in globular clusters. These variations are expected to manifest in a subtle way in globular clusters with such low masses ($\sim10^4 {\rm ~M_{\odot}}$) and metallicities (${\rm[Fe/H]}\sim-2.1 {\rm ~dex}$). We find that the C-abundances of the stars in our sample display a small but significant ($ 3σ$ level) spread. Furthermore, we find $\sim 3σ$ variation in Mg-abundances among the stars in our sample that have been observed by APOGEE. These abundance patterns match the ones found in Galactic globular clusters of similar metallicity. Our results suggest that GD-1 represents another fully disrupted low mass globular cluster where light-element abundance spreads have been found.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures. Accepted to MNRAS
Progenitor mass and ejecta asymmetry of SN 2023ixf from nebular spectroscopy
Creators: name: Ferrari, Lucía
name: Folatelli, Gastón
name: Ertini, Keila
name: Kuncarayakti, Hanindyo
name: Andrews, Jennifer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. SN 2023ixf was discovered in Galaxy M101 in May 2023. Its proximity made it an extremely valuable opportunity for the scientific community to study the characteristics of the SN and its progenitor. A point source detected on archival images and hydrodynamical modelling of the bolometric light curve has been used to constrain the former star's properties. There is a significant variation in the published results regarding the initial mass of the progenitor. Nebular spectroscopy provides an independent tool to enhance our understanding of the supernova and its progenitor. Aims. We determine the SN progenitor mass by studying the first published nebular spectrum taken 259 days after the explosion. Methods. We analyze the nebular spectrum taken with GMOS at the Gemini North Telescope. Typical emission lines are identified, such as [O I], Hα, [Ca II], among others. Some species' line profiles show broad and narrow components, indicating two ejecta velocities and an asymmetric ejecta. We infer the progenitor mass of SN 2023ixf by comparing with synthetic spectra and by measuring the forbidden oxygen doublet flux. Results. Based on the flux ratio and the direct comparison with spectra models, the progenitor star of SN 2023ixf had a M_{ZAMS} between 12 and 15 M{_\odot}. In comparison with this, we find the use of the [O I] doublet flux to be less constraining of the progenitor mass. Our results agree with those from hydrodynamical modelling of the early light curve and pre-explosion image estimates pointing to a relatively low-mass progenitor.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Sent for publication to A&A Letters
Resonant two-photon ionization spectroscopy of jet cooled OsN, IrSi and CuCCH
Creators: name: Garcia, Maria A.
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2013
Subjects: High resolution
Jet cooled
Laser
Optical
Pulsed
Spectroscopy

description: The optical transitions of supersonically cooled OsN have been investigated in the range from 19 200 to 23 900 cm-1 using resonant two-photon ionization spectroscopy. More than 20 vibronic bands were observed, 17 of which were rotationally resolved and analyzed. The ground state is confirmed to be 2A5/2, deriving from the 1a2 2a2 1tc4 153 3a2 electronic configuration. The X 2A5/2 ground state rotational constant for 192Os14N was found to be B0 = 0.491 921(34) cm-1, giving r0 = 1.620 42(6) A (1o error limits). The observed bands were grouped into three band systems with Q' = 7/2 and four with Q' = 3/2, corresponding to the three 2®7/2 and four 2n 3/2 states expected from the 1a2 2a2 1tc4 153 3 a1 2ft1 and 1a2 2a2 1tc4 152 3a2 2a;1 electronic configurations. The optical spectrum of diatomic IrSi has been investigated for the first time, with transitions observed in the range from 17 200 to 23 850 cm-1 (581 - 419 nm). A rich spectrum has been recorded, consisting of 14 electronic band systems and a number of unclassified bands. Thirty-one bands have been investigated with rotational resolution, allowing the ground state to be identified as X2A5/2 arising from the 1o2 In4 2o2 1S3 3o2 configuration. The ground X2A5/2 state is characterized by AG1/2 = 533 cm-1 and r0 = 2.0899(1) A for the more abundant isotopic form, 193Ir28Si (57.8%). The measured excited electronic states have equilibrium bond lengths ranging from 2.17 to 2.25 A and vibrational frequencies ranging from 365 to 452 cm-1. The optical spectrum of the linear CuCCH molecule has been investigated for the first time, using resonant two-photon ionization spectroscopy employing ArF (193 nm) or F2 (157 nm) excimer radiation for photoionization. Scans over the range 19 40025 200 cm-1 were conducted, leading to the observation of three electronic band systems. These are identified as the [20.2] ~1 ^ X 1E+, the A 1E+ ^ X 1E+, and the [24.7] B 1n ^ X 1E+ systems, although only the first two have been rotationally resolved. The ~1 state is tentatively assigned as having 3n 1 symmetry, becoming optically accessible through spin-orbit interaction with the B 1n state.