cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Umsetzung der Grundordnung Umbenennung des Fachbereichs für Mathematik und Informatik in Carl-Friedrich-Gauß-Fakultät für Mathematik und Informatik
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Organisationsplan
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 351
Residual entropy from temperature incremental Monte Carlo method
Creators: name: Dai, Zenan
name: Xu, Xiao Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Residual entropy, which reflects the degrees of freedom in a system at absolute zero temperature, is crucial for understanding quantum and classical ground states. Despite its key role in explaining low-temperature phenomena and ground state degeneracy, accurately measuring residual entropy remains a difficult task owing to computational limitations. In this Letter, we introduce the temperature incremental Monte Carlo (TIMC) method, our approach to overcoming these challenges. The TIMC method incrementally calculates the partition function ratio of neighboring temperatures within Monte Carlo simulations, enabling precise entropy calculations and revealing other temperature-dependent properties in a single computational sweep of temperatures. We have rogorously tested TIMC on several complex systems, including the frustrated antiferromagnetic Ising model on both C60 and 2D triangular lattices, the Newman-Moore glassy model, and a 2D quantum transverse field Ising model. Notably, our method overcomes the difficulties encountered in partition function measurements when mapping $d$-dimensional quantum models to $d+1$-dimensional classical counterparts. These challenges arise from singular interactions that emerge in the small $Δ_τ$ limit during the quantum-to-classical mapping procedure. The TIMC method enables precise entropy calculations across the entire temperature range, as demonstrated in our studies of frustrated spin models, glassy phases, and phases exhibiting spontaneous symmetry breaking. This method's capability to calculate residual entropy could provide insights when applied to systems lacking analytical solutions.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures
title: Spielbasiertes Lernen (Jeopardy) im Fach Zahnerhaltungskunde
Creators: name: Friedrich, Sara
name: Möltner, Andreas
name: Rüttermann, Stefan
name: Gerhard-Szép, Susanne
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Ziel: Diese Studie soll einen Beitrag leisten zur Untersuchung des Lernerfolges von Studierenden des 1. klinischen Semesters Zahnmedizin mithilfe spielbasiertem Lernens. Bisherige Veröffentlichungen untersuchen den klassischen Frontalunterricht und die Unterstützung mit Hilfe von game-based-education[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Gemeinsame Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft für Medizinische Ausbildung (GMA), des Arbeitskreises zur Weiterentwicklung der Lehre in der Zahnmedizin (AKWLZ) und der Chirurgischen Arbeitsgemeinschaft Lehre (CAL)
Bayesian distances for quantifying tensions in cosmological inference and the surprise statistic
Creators: name: Schosser, Benedikt
name: Mello, Pedro Riba
name: Quartin, Miguel
name: Schaefer, Bjoern Malte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tensions between cosmological parameters derived through different channels can be a genuine signature of new physics that $Λ$CDM as the standard model is not able to reproduce, in particular in the missing consistency between parameter estimates from measurements the early and late Universe. Or, they could be caused by yet to be understood systematics in the measurements as a more mundane explanation. Commonly, cosmological tensions are stated in terms of mismatches of the posterior parameter distributions, often assuming Gaussian statistics. More importantly, though, would be a quantification if two data sets are consistent to each other before combining them into a joint measurement, ideally isolating hints at individual data points that have a strong influence in generating the tension. For this purpose, we start with statistical divergences applied to posterior distributions following from different data sets and develop the theory of a Fisher metric between two data sets, in analogy to the Fisher metric for different parameter choices. As a topical example, we consider the tension in the Hubble-Lemaître constant $H_0$ from supernova and measurements of the cosmic microwave background, derive a ranking of data points in order of their influence on the tension on $H_0$. For this particular example, we compute Bayesian distance measures and show that in the light of CMB data, supernovae are commonly too bright, whereas the low-$\ell$ CMB spectrum is too high, in agreement with intuition about the parameter sensitivity.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
The Limits of the Primitive Equations of Dynamics for Warm, Slowly Rotating Small Neptunes and Super Earths
Creators: name: Mayne, N. J.
name: Drummond, B.
name: Debras, F.
name: Jaupart, E.
name: Manners, J.
name: Boutle, I. A.
name: Baraffe, I.
name: Kohary, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present significant differences in the simulated atmospheric flow for warm, tidally-locked small Neptunes and super Earths (based on a nominal GJ 1214b) when solving the simplified, and commonly used, primitive dynamical equations or the full Navier-Stokes equations. The dominant prograde, superrotating zonal jet is markedly different between the simulations which are performed using practically identical numerical setups, within the same model. The differences arise due to the breakdown of the so-called `shallow-fluid' and traditional approximations, which worsens when rotation rates are slowed, and day-night temperature contrasts are increased. The changes in the zonal advection between simulations solving the full and simplified equations, give rise to significant differences in the atmospheric redistribution of heat, altering the position of the hottest part of the atmosphere and temperature contrast between the day and night sides. The implications for the atmospheric chemistry and, therefore, observations need to be studied with a model including a more detailed treatment of the radiative transfer and chemistry. Small Neptunes and super Earths are extremely abundant and important, potentially bridging the structural properties (mass, radius, composition) of terrestrial and gas giant planets. Our results indicate care is required when interpreting the output of models solving the primitive equations of motion for such planets.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures, Accepted for Publication in ApJ
Additional file 1: of Integrating terminologies into standard SQL: a new approach for research on routine data
Creators: name: AndrĂŠ Sander
name: Wauer, Roland
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Addendum 1. Detailed description on the specific used terminology and ontology. Explaines some of the advanced features possible. Addendum 2. Further details on O-SQL expressions, namely on the rewriting process. Also contains a structured documentation of the parts of an O-SQL expression. (DOCX 57 kb)
Gas infall and possible circumstellar rotation in R Leo
Creators: name: Fonfría, J. P.
name: Santander-García, M.
name: Cernicharo, J.
name: Velilla-Prieto, L.
name: Agúndez, M.
name: Marcelino, N.
name: Quintana-Lacaci, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new interferometer molecular observations of R Leo taken at 1.2 mm with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array with an angular resolution up to ~0.026 arcsec. These observations permit us to resolve the innermost envelope of this star revealing the existence of a complex structure that involves extended continuum emission and molecular emission showing a non-radial gas velocity distribution. This molecular emission displays prominent red-shifted absorptions located right in front to the star typical of material infall and lateral gas motions compatible with the presence of a torus-like structure.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in A&A
Molothrognathus Summers and Schlinger 1955
Creators: name: Khaustov, Alexander
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Acari
Caligonellidae
Molothrognathus

description: Genus Molothrognathus Summers and Schlinger, 1955
 Type species: Molothrognathus leptostylus Summers and Schlinger, 1955, by original designation
description: Published as part of Khaustov, Alexander, 2021, Two new species of Caligonellidae (Acari: Raphignathoidea) from Crimea, pp. 910-927 in Acarologia 61 (4) on page 917, DOI: 10.24349/DZRV-GIdY, http://zenodo.org/record/7159815
title: Neufassung der Vorläufigen Prüfungsordnung für die Bachelorstudiengänge Mathematik, Physik und Erziehungswissenschaften und den Zwei-Fächer-Bachelorstudiengang der Technischen Universität Braunschweig
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig, Fachbereich 1
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Prüfungsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 350
Four-phase patterns in forced oscillatory systems
Creators: name: Lin, A. L.
name: Hagberg, A.
name: Ardelea, A.
name: Bertram, M.
name: Swinney, H. L.
name: Meron, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate pattern formation in self-oscillating systems forced by an external periodic perturbation. Experimental observations and numerical studies of reaction-diffusion systems and an analysis of an amplitude equation are presented. The oscillations in each of these systems entrain to rational multiples of the perturbation frequency for certain values of the forcing frequency and amplitude. We focus on the subharmonic resonant case where the system locks at one fourth the driving frequency, and four-phase rotating spiral patterns are observed at low forcing amplitudes. The spiral patterns are studied using an amplitude equation for periodically forced oscillating systems. The analysis predicts a bifurcation (with increasing forcing) from rotating four-phase spirals to standing two-phase patterns. This bifurcation is also found in periodically forced reaction-diffusion equations, the FitzHugh-Nagumo and Brusselator models, even far from the onset of oscillations where the amplitude equation analysis is not strictly valid. In a Belousov-Zhabotinsky chemical system periodically forced with light we also observe four-phase rotating spiral wave patterns. However, we have not observed the transition to standing two-phase patterns, possibly because with increasing light intensity the reaction kinetics become excitable rather than oscillatory.
description: 11 pages
title: Organisationsplan für den Fachbereich für Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik Umbenennung des Instituts für Netzwerktheorie und Schaltungstechnik in Institut für Elektronische Bauelemente und Schaltungstechnik
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig, Fachbereich 8
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Organisationsplan
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 349
title: Presence of millennial-scale climatic cycles during the middle Eocene climatic optimum
Creators: name: Fox, Maddie
name: Slawson, Jake
name: Plink-Bjorklund, Piret
Publisher: name: Colorado School of Mines. Arthur Lakes Library
Year: 2024

description: The Eocene epoch (55-34 million years ago) witnessed a transition from a greenhouse to an icehouse climate, marked by rapid, extreme global warming events known as hyperthermals. These events, triggered by spikes in atmospheric CO2 concentration, offer insights into Earth's response to high-magnitude CO2 changes, crucial for comprehending modern climate shifts. One such event, the Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum, was a major climatic shift lasting approximately 500 kyr. Orbital forcers, most notably variations in the amount of solar irradiance reaching Earth, are believed to explain many of the observed climatic variations in both this epoch and others. Changes in orbital patterns are widely believed to explain cyclicities on the 20,000 to 100,000 year scale, while changes in solar irradiance have effects on the sub-1,000 year scale. However, little work has been done to understand the influence of orbital cycles of periods between these, in the millennial range. This study investigates Middle Eocene Climatic Optimum temperature proxies from Ocean Drilling Program sites, revealing a statistically significant 2500 ± 250-year cycle, identified as the Hallstatt cycle. Linked to a spin-orbit coupling of Jovian planets, this astronomical origin suggests that solar system chaos during this period played a role in abnormal climate patterns. Understanding such complexities enhances predictions about current and future climates by acknowledging the substantial influence of external factors on climate dynamics.
Additional file 1: of Structural and functional brain biomarkers of clinical response to rTMS of medication-resistant auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia patients: study protocol for a randomized sham-controlled double-blind clinical trial
Creators: name: Thomas, Fanny
name: Noomane Bouaziz
name: Gallea, Cécile
name: Andrianisaina, Palmyre Schenin-King
name: Durand, Florence
name: Bolloré, Ombline
name: Benadhira, René
name: Isaac, Clémence
name: Braha-Zeitoun, Sonia
name: Moulier, Virginie
name: Valero-Cabré, Antoni
name: Januel, Dominique
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents. (DOC 122 kb)
Five Centuries of History in a Network
Creators: name: Gibson, Nathan P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: TEI-XML
network analysis
factoid prosopography
Arabic
Christian-Muslim-Jewish relations
Ibn Abi Usaybia
Near East
Middle East

description: How should historical researchers encode texts that will be used as primary sources for network analysis? Moreover, how can they link together the various layers of this encoding in a way that explicitly shows the encoder’s methodology and interpretations? This presentation is intended to demonstrate and solicit feedback on an experimental procedure applicable to projects producing networks from historiographical texts. The project “Communities of Knowledge: Interreligious Networks of Scholars in Ibn Abi Usaybiʿa’s History of the Physicians” (https://usaybia.net) is conducting a network analysis of interactions among Muslim, Christian, and Jewish scholars across five centuries of Abbasid rule in the Near East (750–1258). The primary source text for this endeavor is an Arabic biographical dictionary written by Ibn Abi Usaybiʿa, a physician active in Cairo and Damascus in the 13th century. This History of Physicians details teacher-student relations, workplace exchanges, correspondence, oral reports, and other interactions among the scholars mentioned. The network analysis based on this historiographical text requires a way to proceed from encoding a source text in TEI to producing a dataset for network analysis. Along the way, it must document at least two layers of interpretation: (1) the primary source author’s portrayal of events and (2) the researcher’s own understanding of these assertions. One way to make these interpretive layers explicit is to isolate individual “factoids” as analytical units. Encoding factoids in TEI and RDF has been recently pioneered by Daniel L. Schwartz for the Syriaca.org project “SPEAR: Syriac Persons, Events, and Relationships.” The current project extends this by producing factoids directly from a primary source and integrating them into the encoded text, as well as by further refining the process of curating resulting factoids into nodes and edges for network analysis.
description: The project "Communities of Knowledge: Interreligious Networks of Scholars in Ibn Abi Usaybiʿa's History of the Physicians" (https://usaybia.net) is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research.
On the Existence of Static Equilibria of a Cable-Suspended Load with Non-stopping Flying Carriers
Creators: name: Gabellieri, Chiara
name: Franchi, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work answers positively the question whether non-stop flights are possible for maintaining constant the pose of cable-suspended objects. Such a counterintuitive answer paves the way for a paradigm shift where energetically efficient fixed-wing flying carriers can replace the inefficient multirotor carriers that have been used so far in precise cooperative cable-suspended aerial manipulation.
 First, we show that one or two flying carriers alone cannot perform non-stop flights while maintaining a constant pose of the suspended object. Instead, we prove that three flying carriers can achieve this task provided that the orientation of the load at the equilibrium is such that the components of the cable forces that balance the external force (typically gravity) do not belong to the plane of the cable anchoring points on the load. Numerical tests are presented in support of the analytical results.
Using think-aloud interviews to characterize model-based reasoning in electronics for a laboratory course assessment
Creators: name: Ríos, Laura
name: Pollard, Benjamin
name: Dounas-Frazer, Dimitri R.
name: Lewandowski, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models of physical systems are used to explain and predict experimental results and observations. The Modeling Framework for Experimental Physics describes the process by which physicists revise their models to account for the newly acquired observations, or change their apparatus to better represent their models when they encounter discrepancies between actual and expected behavior of a system. While modeling is a nationally recognized learning outcome for undergraduate physics lab courses, no assessments of students' model-based reasoning exist for upper-division labs. As part of a larger effort to create two assessments of students' modeling abilities, we used the Modeling Framework to develop and code think-aloud problem-solving activities centered on investigating an inverting amplifier circuit. This study is the second phase of a multiphase assessment instrument development process. Here, we focus on characterizing the range of modeling pathways students employ while interpreting the output signal of a circuit functioning far outside its recommended operation range. We end by discussing four outcomes of this work: (1) Students engaged in all modeling subtasks, and they spent the most time making measurements, making comparisons, and enacting revisions; (2) Each subtask occurred in close temporal proximity to all over subtasks; (3) Sometimes, students propose causes that do not follow logically from observed discrepancies; (4) Similarly, students often rely on their experiential knowledge and enact revisions that do not follow logically from articulated proposed causes.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Remarks on Conserved Quantities and Entropy of BTZ Black Hole Solutions. Part I: the General Setting
Creators: name: Fatibene, L.
name: Ferraris, M.
name: Francaviglia, M.
name: Raiteri, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BTZ stationary black hole solution is considered and its mass and angular momentum are calculated by means of Noether theorem. In particular, relative conserved quantities with respect to a suitably fixed background are discussed. Entropy is then computed in a geometric and macroscopic framework, so that it satisfies the first principle of thermodynamics. In order to compare this more general framework to the prescription by Wald et al. we construct the maximal extension of the BTZ horizon by means of Kruskal-like coordinates. A discussion about the different features of the two methods for computing entropy is finally developed.
description: PlainTEX, 16 pages. Revised version 1.1
title: Umsetzung der Grundordnung Umbenennung des Fachbereichs für Physik und Geowissenschaften in Fakultät für Physik und Geowissenschaften
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Organisationsplan
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 348
title: Umsetzung der Grundordnung Aufhebung der Gemeinschaftlichen Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät sowie der Gemeinsamen Fakultät für Maschinenbau und Elektrotechnik
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Organisationsplan
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 347
Entropy Driven Inductive Response of Topological Insulators
Creators: name: Bozkurt, A. Mert
name: Kölling, Sofie
name: Brinkman, Alexander
name: Adagideli, İnanç
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 3D topological insulators are characterized by an insulating bulk and extended surface states exhibiting a helical spin texture. In this work, we investigate the hyperfine interaction between the spin-charge coupled transport of electrons and the nuclear spins in these surface states. Previous work has predicted that in the quantum spin Hall insulator phase, work can be extracted from a bath of polarized nuclear spins as a resource. We employ nonequilibrium Green's function analysis to show that a similar effect exists on the surface of a 3D topological insulator, albeit rescaled by the ratio between electronic mean free path and device length. The induced current due to thermal relaxation of polarized nuclear spins has an inductive nature. We emphasize the inductive response by rewriting the current-voltage relation in harmonic response as a lumped element model containing two parallel resistors and an inductor. In a low-frequency analysis, a universal inductance value emerges that is only dependent on the device's aspect ratio. This scaling offers a means of miniaturizing inductive circuit elements. An efficiency estimate follows from comparing the spin-flip induced current to the Ohmic contribution. The inductive effect is most prominent in topological insulators which have a large number of spinful nuclei per coherent segment, of which the volume is given by the mean free path length, Fermi wavelength and penetration depth of the surface state.
description: Second version after peer review, 25 + 4 pages, 5 figures
Detection of He I $\lambda10830$ Å absorption on HD 189733 b with CARMENES high-resolution transmission spectroscopy
Creators: name: Salz, M.
name: Czesla, S.
name: Schneider, P. C.
name: Nagel, E.
name: Schmitt, J. H. M. M.
name: Nortmann, L.
name: Alonso-Floriano, F. J.
name: López-Puertas, M.
name: Lampón, M.
name: Bauer, F. F.
name: Snellen, I. A. G.
name: Pallé, E.
name: Caballero, J. A.
name: Yan, F.
name: Chen, G.
name: Sanz-Forcada, J.
name: Amado, P. J.
name: Quirrenbach, A.
name: Ribas, I.
name: Reiners, A.
name: Béjar, V. J. S.
name: Casasayas-Barris, N.
name: Cortés-Contreras, M.
name: Dreizler, S.
name: Guenther, E. W.
name: Henning, T.
name: Jeffers, S. V.
name: Kaminski, A.
name: Kürster, M.
name: Lafarga, M.
name: Lara, L. M.
name: Molaverdikhani, K.
name: Montes, D.
name: Morales, J. C.
name: Sánchez-López, A.
name: Seifert, W.
name: Osorio, M. R. Zapatero
name: Zechmeister, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present three transit observations of HD 189733 b obtained with the high-resolution spectrograph CARMENES at Calar Alto. A strong absorption signal is detected in the near-infrared He I triplet at 10830 Å in all three transits. During mid-transit, the mean absorption level is $0.88\pm0.04$ % measured in a $\pm$10 km s$^{-1}$ range at a net blueshift of $-3.5\pm0.4$ km s$^{-1}$ (10829.84--10830.57 Å). The absorption signal exhibits radial velocities of $+6.5\pm3.1$ km s$^{-1}$ and $-12.6\pm1.0$ km s$^{-1}$ during ingress and egress, respectively; measured in the planetary rest frame. We show that stellar activity related pseudo-signals interfere with the planetary atmospheric absorption signal. They could contribute as much as 80% of the observed signal and might also affect the radial velocity signature, but pseudo-signals are very unlikely to explain the entire signal. The observed line ratio between the two unresolved and the third line of the He I triplet is $2.8\pm0.2$, which strongly deviates from the value expected for an optically thin atmospheres. When interpreted in terms of absorption in the planetary atmosphere, this favors a compact helium atmosphere with an extent of only 0.2 planetary radii and a substantial column density on the order of $4\times 10^{12}$ cm$^{-2}$. The observed radial velocities can be understood either in terms of atmospheric circulation with equatorial superrotation or as a sign of an asymmetric atmospheric component of evaporating material. We detect no clear signature of ongoing evaporation, like pre- or post-transit absorption, which could indicate material beyond the planetary Roche lobe, or radial velocities in excess of the escape velocity. These findings do not contradict planetary evaporation, but only show that the detected helium absorption in HD 189733 b does not trace the atmospheric layers that show pronounced escape signatures.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
GCAN: Generative Counterfactual Attention-guided Network for Explainable Cognitive Decline Diagnostics based on fMRI Functional Connectivity
Creators: name: Shen, Xiongri
name: Song, Zhenxi
name: Zhang, Zhiguo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) from fMRI functional connectivity (FC) has gained popularity, but most FC-based diagnostic models are black boxes lacking casual reasoning so they contribute little to the knowledge about FC-based neural biomarkers of cognitive decline.To enhance the explainability of diagnostic models, we propose a generative counterfactual attention-guided network (GCAN), which introduces counterfactual reasoning to recognize cognitive decline-related brain regions and then uses these regions as attention maps to boost the prediction performance of diagnostic models. Furthermore, to tackle the difficulty in the generation of highly-structured and brain-atlas-constrained FC, which is essential in counterfactual reasoning, an Atlas-Aware Bidirectional Transformer (AABT) method is developed. AABT employs a bidirectional strategy to encode and decode the tokens from each network of brain atlas, thereby enhancing the generation of high-quality target label FC. In the experiments of hospital-collected and ADNI datasets, the generated attention maps closely resemble FC abnormalities in the literature on SCD and MCI. The diagnostic performance is also superior to baseline models. The code is available at https://github.com/SXR3015/GCAN
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
title: Zweite Änderung der Prüfungsordnung für den Bachelor-Studiengang Chemie an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig, Fachbereich 3
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Prüfungsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 346
New Class of Random Matrix Ensembles with Multifractal Eigenvectors
Creators: name: Kravtsov, V. E.
name: Muttalib, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three recently suggested random matrix ensembles (RME) are linked together by an exact mapping and plausible conjections. Since it is known that in one of these ensembles the eigenvector statistics is multifractal, we argue that all three ensembles belong to a new class of critical RME with multifractal eigenfunction statistics and a universal critical spectral statitics. The generic form of the two-level correlation function for weak and extremely strong multifractality is suggested. Applications to the spectral statistics at the Anderson transition and for certain systems on the border of chaos and integrability is discussed.
description: 4 pages RevTeX, resubmitted
Equivalences of stable categories of Gorenstein local rings
Creators: name: Puthenpurakal, Tony J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 13D09, 13D15, Secondary 13C14, 13C60

description: In this paper we give bountiful examples of Gorenstein local rings $A$ and $B$ such that there is a triangle equivalence between the stable categories \underline{CM}($A$), \underline{CM}($B$).
title: Änderung der Prüfungsordnung für den Masterstudiengang Chemie an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig, Fachbereich 3
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Prüfungsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 345
Noise sustained propagation: Local versus global noise
Creators: name: Locher, M.
name: Chatterjee, N.
name: Marchesoni, F.
name: Ditto, W. L.
name: Hunt, E. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We expand on prior results on noise supported signal propagation in arrays of coupled bistable elements. We present and compare experimental and numerical results for kink propagation under the influence of local and global fluctuations. As demonstrated previously for local noise, an optimum range of global noise power exists for which the medium acts as a reliable transmission ``channel''. We discuss implications for propagation failure in a model of cardiac tissue and present a general theoretical framework based on discrete kink statistics. Valid for generic bistable chains, the theory captures the essential features ob served in our experiments and numerical simulations.
description: 1 latex file 20 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review E
Using Contraint-Based Metabolic Modelling to Elucidate Drug-Induced Metabolic Changes in a Cancer Cell Line
Creators: name: Benedicto Molina, Xavier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Presented poster at the 23rd European Conference on Computational Biology by Xavier Benedicto Molina (P177).

Gastric carcinoma (GC) stands as a significant contributor to global cancer mortality. In this study, we unveil a methodology for evaluating the impact of drug interventions on the metabolic pathways of GC cell lines, particularly the AGS cell line. Recent advancements in computational biology have paved the way for the development of genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs), as a comprehensive mathematical framework for deciphering metabolic dynamics. Specifically, we have expanded upon a preceding framework known as Tasks Inferred from Differential Expression (TIDEs), now accommodating interventions targeting pivotal genes associated with specific metabolic functions (designated as TIDE-essential or TIDE-e).
The status of Galactic field lambda Bootis stars in the post-Hipparcos era
Creators: name: Paunzen, Ernst
name: Iliev, Ilian Kh.
name: Kamp, Inga
name: Barzova, Ina S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lambda Bootis stars are Population I, late B to early F-type stars, with moderate to extreme (up to a factor 100) surface underabundances of most Fe-peak elements and solar abundances of lighter elements (C, N, O, and S). To put constraints on the various existing theories that try to explain these peculiar stars, we investigate the observational properties of lambda Bootis stars compared to a reference sample of normal stars. Using various photometric systems and Hipparcos data, we analyze the validity of standard photometric calibrations, elemental abundances, and Galactic space motions. There crystallizes a clear picture of a homogeneous group of Population I objects found at all stages of their main-sequence evolution, with a peak at about 1 Gyr. No correlation of astrophysical parameters such as the projected rotational velocities or elemental abundances with age is found, suggesting that the a-priori unknown mechanism, which creates lambda Bootis stars, works continuously for late B to early F-type stars in all stages of main-sequence evolution. Surprisingly, the sodium abundances seem to indicate an interaction between the stars and their local environment.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Complete multipartite graphs that are determined, up to switching, by their Seidel spectrum
Creators: name: Berman, Abraham
name: Shaked-Monderer
name: Singh, Ranveer
name: Zhang, Xiao-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C50, 05C12

description: It is known that complete multipartite graphs are determined by their distance spectrum but not by their adjacency spectrum. The Seidel spectrum of a graph $G$ on more than one vertex does not determine the graph, since any graph obtained from $G$ by Seidel switching has the same Seidel spectrum. We consider $G$ to be determined by its Seidel spectrum, up to switching, if any graph with the same spectrum is switching equivalent to a graph isomorphic to $G$. It is shown that any graph which has the same spectrum as a complete $k$-partite graph is switching equivalent to a complete $k$-partite graph, and if the different partition sets sizes are $p_1,\ldots, p_l$, and there are at least three partition sets of each size $p_i$, $i=1,\ldots, l$, then $G$ is determined, up to switching, by its Seidel spectrum. Sufficient conditions for a complete tripartite graph to be determined by its Seidel spectrum are discussed, and a conjecture is made on complete tripartite graphs on more than 18 vertices.
description: 12 page 2 figures
Latoia urda
Creators: name: Mbata, Keith J.
name: Prins, Jurate De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Limacodidae
Latoia
Latoia urda

description: Latoia urda (Druce, 1887)
COMMON NAME(S): Large Green latoia.
SYNONYM(S): Parasa karschi Strand 1913d.
IUCN STATUS: Not Evaluated (NE).
DISTRIBUTION: Botswana, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
LOCALITY IN ZAMBIA: Kafue, in Lusaka Province.
LARVAL HOSTPLANT(S): Host plants include Coffea sp. (Rubiaceae), Markhamia platycalyx (Baker) Sprague (Bignoniaceae), Musanga cecropioides R.Br. ex Tedlie (Urticaceae), Lagerstroemia flos-reginae Retz. (Lythraceae) Uapaca sp. (Phyllanthaceae) and Lagerstroemia sp. (Lythraceae).
SOURCES: De Prins & De Prins 2022; Janse 1964.
description: Published as part of Mbata, Keith J. & Prins, Jurate De, 2023, Annotated checklist of moths of Zambia (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 1-503 in Zootaxa 5354 (1) on page 58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5354.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10130434
Dynamics of energetic particles scattered in the solar wind : Magnetohydrodynamics and test-particle simulations
Creators: name: Ahmed, Houeibib
name: Filippo, Pantellini
name: Lea, Griton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the transport of solar energetic particles (SEPs) in the solar wind. We propagated relativistic test particles in the field of a steady three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulation of the solar wind. We used the code MPI-AMRVAC for the wind simulations and integrated the relativistic guiding center equations using a new third-order-accurate predictor-corrector time-integration scheme. Turbulence-induced scattering of the particle trajectories in velocity space was taken into account through the inclusion of a constant field-aligned scattering mean free path $λ_\parallel$. We considered mid-range SEP electrons of $81\:{\rm keV}$ injected into the solar wind at a heliocentric distance of 0.28 AU and a magnetic latitude of $24^{\circ}$. For $λ_\parallel =0.5\:{\rm AU}$, the simulated velocity pitch angle distributions agree qualitatively well with in situ measurements at 1 AU. More generally, for $λ_\parallel$ in the range 0.1 to 1\:AU, an energy-loss rate associated with the velocity drift of about $10\%$ per day is observed. The energy loss is attributable to the magnetic curvature and gradient-induced poleward drifts of the electrons against the dominant component of the electric field. In our case study, which is representative of the average solar wind conditions, the observed drift-induced energy-loss rate is fastest near a heliocentric distance of 1.2 AU. We emphasize that adiabatic cooling is the dominant mechanism during the first 1.5 hours of propagation. Only at later times does the drift-associated loss rate become dominant.
Towards N=2 $SUSY$ Homogeneous Quantum Cosmology; Einstein--Yang--Mills systems
Creators: name: Donets, E. E.
name: Tentyukov, M. N.
name: Tsulaia, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The application of N=2 supersymmetric quantum mechanics for the quantization of homogeneous systems coupled with gravity is discussed. Starting with the superfield formulation of an N=2 SUSY sigma model, Hermitian self-adjoint expressions for quantum Hamiltonians and Lagrangians for any signature of a sigma-model metric are obtained. This approach is then applied to coupled SU(2) Einstein-Yang-Mills (EYM) systems in axially symmetric $Bianchi$-type I, II, VIII, IX, $Kantowski-Sachs$, and closed $Friedmann-Robertson-Walker$ cosmological models. It is shown that all these models admit the embedding into the N=2 SUSY sigma model with the explicit expressions for superpotentials being direct sums of gravitational and Yang-Mills (YM) parts. In addition, the YM parts of superpotentials exactly coincide with the corresponding Chern-Simons terms. The spontaneous SUSY breaking caused by YM instantons in EYM systems is discussed in a number of examples.
description: 17 pages, REVTeX, no figures; minor corrections, few ref's added; to appear in Phys. Rev. D58, Dec. 15, 1998 issue
Observation of quantum thermalization restricted to Hilbert space fragments
Creators: name: Zhao, Luheng
name: Datla, Prithvi Raj
name: Tian, Weikun
name: Aliyu, Mohammad Mujahid
name: Loh, Huanqian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum thermalization occurs in a broad class of systems from elementary particles to complex materials. Out-of-equilibrium quantum systems have long been understood to either thermalize or retain memory of their initial states, but not both. Here we achieve the first coexistence of thermalization and memory in a quantum system, where we use both Rydberg blockade and facilitation in an atom array to engineer a fragmentation of the Hilbert space into exponentially many disjointed subspaces. We find that the kinetically constrained system yields quantum many-body scars arising from the $\mathbb{Z}_{2k}$ class of initial states, which generalizes beyond the $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ scars previously reported in other quantum systems. When bringing multiple long-range interactions into resonance, we observe quantum thermalization restricted to Hilbert space fragments, where the thermalized system retains characteristics of the initial configuration. Intriguingly, states belonging to different subspaces do not thermalize with each other even when they have the same energy. Our work challenges established ideas of quantum thermalization while experimentally resolving the longstanding tension between thermalization and memory. These results may be applied to control entanglement dynamics in quantum processors and quantum sensors.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures
Valence Bond Mapping of Antiferromagnetic Spin Chains
Creators: name: Dukelsky, Jorge
name: Pittel, Stuart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Boson mapping techniques are developed to describe valence bond correlations in quantum spin chains. Applying the method to the alternating bond hamiltonian for a generic spin chain, we derive an analytic expression for the transition points which gives perfect agreement with existing Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) and Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) calculations.
description: 10 pages, Revtex
Efficient Quantum Cooling Algorithm for Fermionic Systems
Creators: name: Marti, Lucas
name: Mansuroglu, Refik
name: Hartmann, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a cooling algorithm for ground state preparation of fermionic Hamiltonians. Our algorithm makes use of the Hamiltonian simulation of the considered system coupled to an ancillary fridge, which is regularly reset to its known ground state. We derive suitable interaction Hamiltonians that originate from ladder operators of the free theory and initiate resonant gaps between system and fridge. We further propose a spectroscopic scan to find the relevant eigenenergies of the system using energy measurements on the fridge. With these insights, we design a ground state cooling algorithm for fermionic systems that is efficient, i.e. its runtime is polynomial in the system size, as long as the initial state is prepared in a low-energy sector of polynomial size. We achieve the latter via a pseudo-adiabatic sweep from a parameter regime whose ground state can be easily prepared. We estimate that our algorithm has a polynomial runtime for systems where the spectral gap decreases at most polynomially in system size, and is faster than the adiabatic algorithm for a large range of settings. We generalize the algorithm to prepare thermal states and demonstrate our findings on the Fermi-Hubbard model.
description: 14+11 pages, 5+6 figures
title: Holistic approach for multi-drone data collection
Creators: name: Moon, Ava
name: Fellinge, Cody J.
name: Schanker, Corey
name: Barigala, Priestly
Publisher: name: Colorado School of Mines. Arthur Lakes Library
Year: 2024

description: Drones can be used as data mules to collect data from wireless sensors to mitigate issues found in traditional ground-based networks. However, there are many open challenges to address in this problem that our team has been working on. We have developed a physical testbed for experiments, performed data collection to determine limitations on range and amounts of data, implemented an energy model into ArduPilot, and optimized the energy budget for offline and online planning.
Waste bins location problem: A review of recent advances in the storage stage of the Municipal Solid Waste reverse logistic chain
Creators: name: Rossit, Diego Gabriel
name: Nesmachnow, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Municipal Solid Waste systems have important economic, social, and environmental impacts for society. Within the diverse stages of the Municipal Solid Waste reverse logistic chain, the waste bin location problem consists in properly locating bins in the corresponding urban area to store waste produced by the citizens. This stage has a large impact in the overall efficiency of the whole system. Thus, several researchers have addressed the location problem considering different optimization criteria and approaches. This article presents a comprehensive review of recent advances on the Waste Bins Location Problem, with the main goal of serving as a reference point for decision-makers in this area. The main findings indicate that several optimization criteria and resolution approaches have been applied, but few proposals have simultaneously optimized bins location and waste collection, or considered uncertainty of the model parameters and integrated approaches.
Pseudohydryphantes mataranka Harvey 1988
Creators: name: Orginal, Harry Smit
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Hydryphantidae
Pseudohydryphantes
Pseudohydryphantes mataranka

description: Pseudohydryphantes mataranka Harvey, 1988
 New records — 0/1/0, Bell Creek at crossing with Gibb River Road, 17°9′1.11″ S 125°28′9.73″ E, 10 Sept. 1998 ; 0/2/0, plunge pool Adcock Gorge, The Kimberley, 12 Sept. 1998 ; 1/2/0, Spillway Creek, near Lake Argyle, 20 Sept. 1998 ; 3/0/0, pool W of Tunnel Creek, Tunnel Creek NP, 30 Sept. 1998.
 Distribution — Previously known from the Northern Territory and Western Australia.
description: Published as part of Orginal, Harry Smit, 2021, The water mites of Western Australia (Acari: Hydrachnidia), with the description of 13 new species, pp. 928-966 in Acarologia 61 (4) on page 930
Bounds for moments of quadratic Dirichlet character sums
Creators: name: Gao, Peng
name: Zhao, Liangyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11L40, 11M06

description: We establish upper bounds for moments of smoothed quadratic Dirichlet character sums under the generalized Riemann hypothesis, confirming a conjecture of M. Jutila.
description: 3 pages