cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Access to Land, Income Diversification and Poverty Reduction in Rural Kenya
Creators: name: Karugia, Joseph Thuo
name: Oluoch-Kosura, Willis
name: Nyikal, Rose Adhiambo
name: Odumbe, Michael
name: Marenya, Paswel Phiri
name: Karugia, Joseph Thuo
name: Oluoch-Kosura, Willis
name: Nyikal, Rose Adhiambo
name: Odumbe, Michael
name: Marenya, Paswel Phiri
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: diversification
subject: livelihoods
subject: land holding
subject: assets
subject: Kenya.

description: The increasing land scarcity and the worsening trend of poverty in Kenya in recent years have raised concerns about the focus on land-based agriculture as the basis of growth in the rural areas. This paper combines two complementary data sets obtained from two locations in Kenya, drawn against distinctively different land availability patterns, to examine the diverse rural asset base and key sources of livelihood in the rural areas. The analysis reveals that while access to productive land is still an important determinant of livelihoods in the rural areas, even where land holdings are very small, growth in farm productivity alone may not guarantee households sufficient incomes to escape poverty. We find evidence to suggest that growth of non-farm sector is necessary and may be much more important in reducing risks and vulnerability to poverty and should be equally emphasized if households in such regions are to escape poverty. Off-farm earnings accounted for at least 50 percent of total household incomes in the two research locations. The study further revealed existence of significant barriers to entry to remunerative livelihoods both at farm and off-farm level. The study advocates for expansion of educational services, infrastructure and strengthening of rural institutions to spur broad-based development in the rural areas.
Affleck-Dine baryogenesis and gravitino dark matter
Creators: name: Seto, Osamu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Affleck-Dine baryogenesis in models where the gravitino is both the lightest supersymmetric particle and the dark matter candidate is investigated. For a high enough reheating temperature to produce sufficient gravitinos by thermal processes, the observed baryon asymmetry can be explained by Affleck-Dine baryogenesis as well as thermal leptogenesis. On the other hand, if the reheating temperature is not high enough, most of the gravitinos must be produced by the decay of the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle (NSP). Particularly, in the case where Q-balls cannot survive the evaporation, the gravitino number density is given by the NSP's thermal relic density. Interestingly, if Q-balls survive, they can be a source of gravitinos via the NSP decay. Then, we could find a new cosmological interesting region in parameter space because the gravitino number density does not relate to the NSP's thermal relic density.
description: 13 pages, no figure, reference added and typos corrected, final version
V838 Mon: light echo evolution and distance estimate
Creators: name: Crause, Lisa A.
name: Lawson, Warrick A.
name: Menzies, John W.
name: Marang, Fred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following its 2002 February eruption, V838 Mon developed a light echo that continues to expand and evolve as light from the outburst scatters off progressively more distant circumstellar and/or interstellar material. Multi-filter images of the light echo, obtained with the South African Astronomical Observatory (SAAO) 1.0-m telescope between 2002 May and 2004 December, are analysed and made available electronically. The expansion of the light echo is measured from the images and the data compared with models for scattering by a thin sheet and a thin shell of dust. From these model results we infer that the dust is likely in the form of a thin sheet distant from the star, suggesting that the material is of interstellar origin, rather than being from earlier stages in the star's evolution. Although the fit is uncertain, we derive a stellar distance of ~ 9 kpc and a star-dust distance of ~ 5 pc, in good agreement with recent results reported from other methods. We also present JHKL and Cousins UBVRI photometry obtained at the SAAO during the star's second, third and fourth observing seasons post-outburst. These data show complex infrared colour behaviour while V838 Mon is slowly brightening in the optical.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures - accepted for publication in MNRAS
The representation of history in contemporary Chinese fiction : Han Shaogong, Mo Yan, Su Tong
Creators: name: Lee, Vivian P. Y.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The main focus of this study is the changing patterns of historical representation in modern and contemporary Chinese fiction. Beginning with a critical evaluation of Western critical theories such as Hayden White's concept of metahistory and Paul Ricoeur's philosophical reflections on narrative and metaphor, it probes the "interweaving reference" of history and fiction in contemporary Chinese fiction. Selected works of three major mainland writers - Han Shaogong, M o Yan and Su Tong - are treated primarily as cultural metaphors that reflect on and re-imagine Chinese history in ways that deviate from the Utopian vision perpetuated by Mao Zedong's version of modernity. In literature, this utopianism is exemplified in the so-called "revolutionary historical novel" that thrived under the patronage of the Communist Party after 1949. My reading of the three authors shows how this Utopian (revolutionary) rhetoric has given way to an essentially pessimistic view of history that subverts and overturns the oppressive "optimism" sanctioned by the Party State. This "critical pessimism" is characterized by a parade of the darkest and most abhorrent images of cultural degeneration. From evolution to devolution, this deviant aesthetics represents a major change in cultural imagination in China, and it also expresses a collective anxiety toward the future.
Integration Effects in Border Regions - A Survey of Economic Theory and Empirical Studies
Creators: name: Niebuhr, Annekatrin
name: Stiller, Silvia
name: Niebuhr, Annekatrin
name: Stiller, Silvia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Political Economy
subject: regional development
subject: border regions
subject: integration effects

description: Border regions and border effects currently attract a lot of attention in political practice and economic research. Substantial interest in regions located along the frontiers of integrating countries is predominantly inspired by the presumption that their specific geographic position might cause peculiarities in economic adjustments to integration. This survey explores whether economic theory and empirical studies support the assessment that integration effects concentrate in border regions. Economic theory alone allows only very vague conclusions about the spatial effects of integration. Depending on specific circumstances, border regions might benefit, lose or not be affected by integration. Empirical research on border regions - undertaken so far - does not allow to draw clearcut conclusions as well. At present, there is neither a direct test for integration effects in border regions, nor a comprehensive study on the development of border regions. To sum up, the survey suggests that rigorous theoretical and empirical analysis is needed to foster the understanding of integration effects in border regions. Grenzregionen und Grenzeffekte ziehen in der politischen Praxis und in der wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Forschung gegenwärtig großes Interesse auf sich. Ursächlich hierfür ist die Vermutung, dass die besondere geografische Lage von Grenzregionen spezifische ökonomische Integrationseffekte bedingt. Dieser Überblick fasst die Ergebnisse der ökonomischen Theorie und empirischer Untersuchungen zu dieser Fragestellung zusammen. Es ist festzustellen, dass die ökonomische Theorie keine eindeutigen Schlussfolgerungen erlaubt. Ob Grenzregionen von Integration profitieren, negativ beeinflusst werden oder unberührt bleiben, hängt von den konkreten Gegebenheiten ab. Auch die vorliegenden empirischen Studien zu Grenzregionen gelangen zu keinen eindeutigen Resultaten. Bisher gibt es allerdings weder eine direkte Überprüfung der Integrationseffekte in Grenzregionen noch umfassende Untersuchungen der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung von Grenzregionen. Insgesamt zeigt dieser Überblick, dass weitergehende theoretische und empirische Untersuchungen erforderlich sind, um fundierte Kenntnisse über Integrationseffekte in Grenzregionen zu erlangen.
title: Kindergarten to College (K2C) College Enrollment Findings: Fuel for an Evidence-Based Movement
Creators: name: Elliott, William
name: Sorensen, Nicholas
name: O'Brien, Megan
Publisher: name: University of Michigan
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Children's Savings Accounts
subject: Kindergarten to College
subject: K2C
subject: Children's Development Accounts
subject: Children's Assets
subject: Social Work
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Social Sciences

description: The goal of the Financial Independence policy conference held on September 16 and 17, 2024 in Washington, D.C. was to bring together experts from the asset and income fields to share theory, evidence, and best practices. The conference was divided into four sessions. The first two sessions were on Children’s Savings Accounts and Baby Bonds, the asset arm of the conference. The third session focused on the income arm. More specifically, it focused on Unconditional Cash Transfers, the Child Tax Credit, and Child Allowances. The final session focused on why solving poverty requires both asset and income proponents to come together. This policy brief is part of the Children’s Savings Account session.
description: This brief presents new evidence from Kindergarten to College (K2C), a Children’s Savings Account (CSA) program in San Francisco, CA.1 As part of the vision of then Mayor Gavin Newsom (now Governor of California) and under the leadership of Treasurer José Cisneros, K2C started 13 years ago by automatically opening an account with an initial seed deposit of $50 for over 1,000 kindergarten students. K2C is the nation’s first automatic and universal CSA program and one of the most recognized CSA programs in the U.S. It became the model for local CSA programs across the country and signaled to policymakers that CSAs could be administered at scale. Key Findings: • Among K2C students, the gap in college enrollment between represented and underrepresented students decreased by nearly 30% relative to the gap in the comparison group. • The gap in on-time graduation between represented and underrepresented students decreased by nearly 1/3 (29%) relative to the gap in the comparison group.
A comprehensive view of the manifestations of aggregate demand and aggregate supply shocks in Greece, Ireland, Italy and Portugal
Creators: name: Jianu, Ionut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The main goal of the paper is to extract the aggregate demand and aggregate supply shocks in Greece, Ireland, Italy and Portugal, as well as to examine the correlation among the two types of shocks. The decomposition of the shocks was achieved by using a structural vector autoregression that analyses the relationship between the evolution of the gross domestic product and inflation in the period 1997-2015. The goal of the paper is to confirm the aggregate demand - aggregate supply model in the above-mentioned economies.
description: 18 pages
Laminar-turbulent transition of a non-Newtonian fluid flow
Creators: name: Adithya Krishnan Thota Radhakrishnan
name: Poelma, Christian
name: Lier, Jules Van
name: Francois Clemens
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Computational Biology

description: Transition from laminar to turbulent flow of non-Newtonian fluids is investigated using velocimetry data. These data are obtained by applying particle image velocimetry to images obtained through ultrasound imaging (echography). This yielded the observation of intermittent structures (puffs and slugs) that are formed during transition. Post its observation, transition is characterized using the friction factor curves and turbulence intensity. Further, a number of models used to predict transition are assessed. This showed the Reynolds number based model by Slatter and the stability parameter based model by Hanks to be most suitable for non-Newtonian fluids with yield stress and low behaviour index.
Novel construction of Liquid Ring pump.pdf
Creators: name: Nikitin, Dmitriy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 99902 Engineering Instrumentation
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Разработана новая конструкция жидкостно-кольцевого вакуумного насоса, обеспечивающая кинематическое замыкание лопаток вращающейся втулки и лопаток рабочего колеса. Конструкция позволяет поддерживать постоянное передаточное число от втулки к рабочему колесу при взаимодействии одной пары лопастей и, как следствие, снизить динамические нагрузки на компоненты жидкокольцевого вакуумного насоса, сгладить его работу и обеспечить стабильность формы жидкого кольца. Проведено сравнение конструктивных отличий и гидродинамических особенностей течения жидкости в рабочей полости жидкокольцевого вакуумного насоса со стационарным корпусом и с кинематическим замыканием. Установлено, что энергозатраты на процесс эвакуации снижаются в среднем на 35% (примерно на 36% за счет уменьшения площади безлопастного пространства,
On the linear equation method for the subduction problem in symmetric groups
Creators: name: Chilla, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 05E10; 15A06; 20C30

description: We focus on the tranformation matrices between the standard Young-Yamanouchi basis of an irreducible representation for the symmetric group S_n and the split basis adapted to the direct product subgroups S_{n_1} \times S_{n-n_1} . We introduce the concept of subduction graph and we show that it conveniently describes the combinatorial structure of the equation system arisen from the linear equation method. Thus we can outline an improved algorithm to solve the subduction problem in symmetric groups by a graph searching process. We conclude observing that the general matrix form for multiplicity separations, resulting from orthonormalization, can be expressed in terms of Sylvester matrices relative to a suitable inner product in the multiplicity space.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, iopart class; reference added
Strategies in Financial Services, the Shareholders and the System Is Bigger and Broader Better?
Creators: name: Walter, Ingo
name: Walter, Ingo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: financial services
subject: shareholders
subject: size of financial firms

description: The financial services industry is "special" in a variety of ways, including the fiduciary nature of the business, its role at the center of the payments and capital allocation process with all its static and dynamic implications for economic performance, and the systemic nature of problems that can arise in the industry. So the structure, conduct and performance of the industry has unusually important public interest dimensions. One facet of the discussion has focused on size of financial firms, however measured, and the range of activities conducted by them. Is size positively related to total returns to shareholders? If so, does this involve gains in efficiency or transfers of wealth to shareholders from other constituencies, or maybe both? Does greater breadth generate sufficient information-cost and transaction-cost economies to be beneficial to shareholders and customers, or can it work against their interests in ways that may ultimately impede shareholder value as well? And is bigger and broader also safer? This paper starts with a simple strategic framework for thinking about these issues from the perspective of the management of financial firms. What should they be trying to do, and how does this relate to the issues of size and breadth? It then reviews the available evidence and reaches a set of tentative conclusions from what we know so far, both from a shareholder perspective and that of the financial system as a whole.
Evolution of PAH Features from Proto- to Planetary Nebulae
Creators: name: Szczerba, R.
name: Siódmiak, N.
name: Szyszka, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the aim to investigate the overall evolution of UIR band features with hardening of UV radiation (increase of the star's effective temperature) we have analysed ISO spectra for 32 C-rich stars: 20 proto-planetary nebulae and 12 planetary nebulae with Wolf-Rayet central stars. In this contribution we discuss variations in the peak position of UIR bands among analysed objects, and demonstrate that variations in the ``7.7'' to 11.3 microns flux ratio are correlated with the effective temperature (probably due to an increase of the ionization state of their carriers).
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, to appear in the Proceedings of the conference "Planetary Nebulae as Astronomical Tools", edited by R. Szczerba, G. Stasi\'nska, and S. K. G\'orny, AIP Conference Proceedings, Melville, New York
Study of charging up effect in a triple GEM detector
Creators: name: Chatterjee, S.
name: Sen, A.
name: Roy, S.
name: G, K. Nivedita
name: Paul, A.
name: Das, S.
name: Biswas, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The advancement of Micro Pattern Gaseous Detector technology offers us different kinds of detectors with good spatial resolution and high rate capability and the Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detector is one of them. Typically GEM is made up of a thin polyimide foil having a thickness of 50 micrometers with 5 micrometers copper cladding on top and bottom sides. The presence of polyimide changes the gain of the detector under the influence of external radiation and the phenomenon is referred to as the charging up effect. The charging up effect is investigated with a double mask triple GEM detector prototype with Ar/CO$_2$ gas mixture in 70/30 ratio under continuous irradiation from a strong Fe$^{55}$ X-ray source. The detailed method of measurements and the test results are presented in this article.
Regional study of Europa's photometry
Creators: name: Belgacem, Ines
name: Schmidt, Frédéric
name: Jonniaux, Grégory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surface of Europa is geologically young and shows signs of current activity. Studying it from a photometric point of view gives us insight on its physical state. We used a collection of 57 images from Voyager's Imaging Science System and New Horizons' LOng Range Reconnaissance Imager for which we corrected the geometric metadata and projected every pixel to compute photometric information (reflectance and geometry of observation). We studied 20 areas scattered across the surface of Europa and estimated their photometric behavior using the Hapke radiative transfer model and a Bayesian framework in order to estimate their microphysical state. We have found that most of them were consistent with the bright backscattering behavior of Europa, already observed at a global scale, indicating the presence of grains maturated by space weathering. However, we have identified very bright areas showing a narrow forward scattering possibly indicating the presence of fresh deposits that could be attributed to recent cryovolcanism or jets. Overall, we showed that the photometry of Europa's surface is more diverse than previously thought and so is its microphysical state.
description: 46 pages, 17 figures, 3 tables
Hydraulic resistance in mixed bedrock-alluvial meandering channels
Creators: name: Fernández, Roberto
name: Vitale, Alejandro J.
name: Parker, Gary
name: García, Marcelo H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: We present an experimental analysis of hydraulic roughness variations due to changes in alluvial cover in a mixed bedrock-alluvial meandering channel with larger bedrock roughness than alluvial roughness. Three sets of experiments were conducted in a highly sinuous flume: one with bare bedrock, and two with enough sediment to cover 21% and 78% of the bedrock respectively. We compare our results with data from experiments previously conducted in the same flume with flat- and smooth-bed, and data from experiments with fully alluvial conditions. Our results show that: (1) hydraulic resistance in a mixed bedrock-alluvial channel changes with the degree of alluviation; (2) hydraulic resistance is greater for bare-bedrock conditions, and decreases as sediment supply increases; (3) if bedforms appear, hydraulic resistance may be larger than for bare bedrock conditions due to form drag; (4) fluctuations in alluvial cover due to freely-migrating bars lead to instantaneous changes in hydraulic resistance.
Simplex-Structured Matrix Factorization: Sparsity-based Identifiability and Provably Correct Algorithms
Creators: name: Abdolali, Maryam
name: Gillis, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we provide novel algorithms with identifiability guarantees for simplex-structured matrix factorization (SSMF), a generalization of nonnegative matrix factorization. Current state-of-the-art algorithms that provide identifiability results for SSMF rely on the sufficiently scattered condition (SSC) which requires the data points to be well spread within the convex hull of the basis vectors. The conditions under which our proposed algorithms recover the unique decomposition is in most cases much weaker than the SSC. We only require to have $d$ points on each facet of the convex hull of the basis vectors whose dimension is $d-1$. The key idea is based on extracting facets containing the largest number of points. We illustrate the effectiveness of our approach on synthetic data sets and hyperspectral images, showing that it outperforms state-of-the-art SSMF algorithms as it is able to handle higher noise levels, rank deficient matrices, outliers, and input data that highly violates the SSC.
description: 38 pages
On the Relevance of Monetary Aggregates in Monetary Policy Models
Creators: name: Feldkord, Eva-Ulrike
name: Feldkord, Eva-Ulrike
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: broad money
subject: macroeconomic stability
subject: monetary policy.

description: This paper develops a business cycle model with a financial intermediation sector. Financial wealth is defined as a predetermined state variable. Both, the additional sector of financial intermediaries and predetermination of financial wealth, affect the demand for real financial wealth. If real financial wealth also enters the monetary policy rule, the conditions for stability and uniqueness of the macroeconomic equilibrium path change fundamentally compared to standard New Keynesian business cycle models. Here, real financial wealth is interpreted as a real broad monetary aggregate. Furthermore, different interest rate rules and their consequences for stability and uniqueness of the macroeconomic equilibrium path are considered. Two monetary policy rules are found to be feasible - i.e. if these monetary policy rules are applied there exists a stable and unique macroeconomic equilibrium path. Simulations of the model showed that the monetary policy rule considering inflation and broad money as indicators is optimal.
A Non-Cooperative Power Control Game for Multi-Carrier CDMA Systems
Creators: name: Meshkati, Farhad
name: Chiang, Mung
name: Schwartz, Stuart C.
name: Poor, H. Vincent
name: Mandayam, Narayan B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, a non-cooperative power control game for multi-carrier CDMA systems is proposed. In the proposed game, each user needs to decide how much power to transmit over each carrier to maximize its overall utility. The utility function considered here measures the number of reliable bits transmitted per joule of energy consumed. It is shown that the user's utility is maximized when the user transmits only on the carrier with the best "effective channel". The existence and uniqueness of Nash equilibrium for the proposed game are investigated and the properties of equilibrium are studied. Also, an iterative and distributed algorithm for reaching the equilibrium (if it exists) is presented. It is shown that the proposed approach results in a significant improvement in the total utility achieved at equilibrium compared to the case in which each user maximizes its utility over each carrier independently.
description: To appear in Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, New Orleans, LA, March 13 - 17, 2005
title: Enhancing Economic Stability: The Role of Guaranteed Income in Comprehensive Support Systems
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Sarah Berger
name: Thompson, Allison
name: Castro, Amy
name: West, Stacia
name: Cross, Nina
Publisher: name: University of Michigan
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Guaranteed Income
subject: Unconditional Cash Transfers
subject: Poverty
subject: Economic Stability
subject: Social Work
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Social Sciences

description: The goal of the Financial Independence policy conference held on September 16 and 17, 2024 in Washington, D.C. was to bring together experts from the asset and income fields to share theory, evidence, and best practices. The conference was divided into four sessions. The first two sessions were on Children’s Savings Accounts and Baby Bonds, the asset arm of the conference. The third session focused on the income arm. More specifically, it focused on Unconditional Cash Transfers, the Child Tax Credit, and Child Allowances. The final session focused on why solving poverty requires both asset and income proponents to come together. This policy brief is part of the Unconditional Cash Transfers, the Child Tax Credit, and Child Allowances session.
description: Guaranteed income has emerged as a promising tool that aims to provide financial security and meet the basic needs of individuals and families through the provision of recurring, unconditional, unrestricted cash transfers. Flexible cash supports in the form of a guaranteed income paid directly to individuals and households extend trust and agency to individuals and families to meet their ever-changing needs (West et al., 2023). Individual and household needs are dynamic. Current public benefits are not fungible and are often restricted in how they are spent. A guaranteed income allows individuals and families to decide when and how to allocate those resources to help fill and bridge gaps where low-wage jobs and benefits fall short. It also smooths income volatility that an individual or family may experience from changes in benefits receipt or variable work hours. Finally, it gives individuals and families hope to reimagine alternative pathways to thriving.
On-shell mediator dark matter models and the Xenon1T anomaly
Creators: name: Du, Mingxuan
name: Liang, Jinhan
name: Liu, Zuowei
name: Tran, Van Que
name: Xue, Yilun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a dark matter model to explain the excess events in the electron recoil data recently reported by the Xenon1T experiment. In our model, dark matter $χ$ annihilates into a pair of on-shell particles $ϕ$ which subsequently decay into $ψψ$ final state; $ψ$ interacts with electron to generate the observed excess events. Due to the mass hierarchy, the velocity of $ψ$ can be rather large and can have an extended distribution, which provides a good fit to the electron recoil energy spectrum. We estimated the flux of $ψ$ from dark matter annihilations in the galaxy and further determined the interaction cross section which is sizable but small enough to allow $ψ$ to penetrate the rocks to reach the underground labs.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 9 of Comparative transcriptome analyses reveal different mechanism of high- and low-tillering genotypes controlling tiller growth in orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.)
Creators: name: Xiaoheng Xu
name: Guangyan Feng
name: Yueyang Liang
name: Shuai, Yang
name: Qiuxu Liu
name: Nie, Gang
name: Zhongfu Yang
name: Linkai Hang
name: Xinquan Zhang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 9 : Supplemental Figure S9 The results of protein sequence alignment for genes involved in SL biosynthesis in orchardgrass. D27, DWARF27; CCD7, 9-cis-beta-carotene 9′,10′-cleaving dioxygenase; CCD8, carlactone synthase; MAX1, more axillary branching1.
Novel Phase Transition Near the Quantum Critical Point in the Filled-Skutterudite Compound CeOs4Sb12: an Sb-NQR Study
Creators: name: Yogi, Mamoru
name: Kotegawa, Hisashi
name: Zheng, Guo-qing
name: Kitaoka, Yoshio
name: Ohsaki, Shuji
name: Sugawara, Hitoshi
name: Sato, Hideyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a novel phase transition at $T$ = 0.9 K in the Ce-based filled-skutterudite compound CeOs$_{4}$Sb$_{12}$ via measurements of the nuclear-spin lattice relaxation rate $1/T_{1}$ and nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) spectrum of Sb nuclei. The temperature ($T$) dependence of $1/T_1$ behaves as if approaching closely an antiferromagnetic (AFM) quantum critical point (QCP), following the relation $1/T_{1}\propto T/(T-T_{\rm N})^{1/2}$ with $T_{\rm N} = 0.06$ K in the range of $T=1.3-25$ K. The onset of either the spin-density-wave (SDW) or charge-density-wave (CDW) order at $T_{\rm 0} = 0.9$ K, that is, of the first order, is evidenced by a broadening of the NQR spectrum and a marked reduction in $1/T_1$ just below $T_{\rm 0}$. The $f$-electron-derived correlated band realized in CeOs$_{4}$Sb$_{12}$ is demonstrated to give rise to the novel phase transition on the verge of AFM QCP.
description: 4pages, 5figures
Prediction of short time qubit readout via measurement of the next quantum jump of a coupled damped driven harmonic oscillator
Creators: name: Porrati, Massimo
name: Putterman, Seth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of the next quantum jump for a qubit [two level system] coupled to a readout resonator [damped driven harmonic oscillator] is calculated. A quantum mechanical treatment of readout resonator reveals non exponential short time behavior which could facilitate detection of the state of the qubit faster than the resonator lifetime.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
On the Relevance of Open Market Operations
Creators: name: Schabert, Andreas
name: Schabert, Andreas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Inside Money
subject: Liquidity Puzzle
subject: Risk-free Rate Puzzle
subject: Ricardian Fiscal Policy
subject: Price Level and Equilibrium Determinacy

description: This paper reexamines the role of open market operations for short-run effects of monetary policy. Money demand is induced by a cash constraint, while the central bank supplies money exclusively in exchange for securities, discounted with a short-run nominal interest rate. We consider a legal restriction for open market operations by which only government bonds are eligible, whereas private debt is not accepted as collateral for money. Supply of eligible securities is bounded by assuming fiscal policy to ensure government solvency. The model provides an endogenous liquidity premium on noneligible assets and liquidity effects of money supply shocks regardless whether prices are flexible or set in a staggered way. Nominal interest rate policy is always associated with a uniquely determined price level and rational expectations equilibrium. It is further shown that an intuitive equivalence principle between money supply and interest rates arises in this case.
Early Crediting of Emissions Reduction - A Panacea or Pandora's Box?
Creators: name: Michaelowa, Axel
name: Stronzik, Marcus
name: Michaelowa, Axel
name: Stronzik, Marcus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The Kyoto Protocol sets legally binding emission targets for industrialized countries without accounting for reductions carried out prior to 2008, the beginning of the first commitment period. There exists only one exception, the project-based Clean Development Mechanism. Two other possible ways to allow crediting for early reductions are discussed in this paper, a domestic scheme and early Joint Implementation. The implications of these concepts are analyzed on a macro as well as on a micro level taking the domestic and international commitments into account. They can lead to a strong redistribution and are prone to free riding. We conclude that early crediting makes built on clear baselines, sets incentives for innovation and provides for institutional learning. The current bill discussed in the U.S. does not meet these criteria.
Sick building syndrome: a case study of a library building and a survey of information sources
Creators: name: Smart, Christine A.
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sick building syndrome: a case study of a library building and a survey of information sources
Social Security, Unemployment, and Growth
Creators: name: Brauninger, Michael
name: Brauninger, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: unemployment benefits
subject: pensions
subject: wage bargaining
subject: endogenous growth

description: The paper develops an overlapping generations model that highlights interactions between social security, unemployment and growth. The social security system has two components: old age pensions and unemployment insurance. Pensions have a different effect on economic growth. Both pensions and unemployment benefits influence equilibrium unemployment caused by wage bargaining. Since unemployment impairs growth, both types of social security have an indirect, negative effect on growth.
Coherent control of reactive scattering at low temperatures: Signatures of quantum interference in the differential cross sections for F + H2 and F + HD
Creators: name: Devolder, Adrien
name: Tscherbul, Timur
name: Brumer, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fundamental entanglement related challenges have prevented quantum interference-based control (i.e. coherent control) of collisional cross sections from being implemented in the laboratory. Here, differential cross sections for reactive scattering at low temperatures are shown to provide a unique opportunity to display such interference-based control by forming coherent superpositions of degenerate rotational states of reactant molecules |jmi with different m. In particular, we identify and quantify a unique signature of coherent control in reactive scattering with applications to F + H2 ! H + HF and HF + D F + HD ! HD + F at 11 K. Control is shown to be extensive.
Value and Risks of Expiring Carbon Credits from CDM Afforestation and Reforestation
Creators: name: Dutschke, Michael
name: Schlamadinger, Bernhard
name: Wong, Jenny L.P.
name: Rumberg, Michael
name: Dutschke, Michael
name: Schlamadinger, Bernhard
name: Wong, Jenny L.P.
name: Rumberg, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: CDM
subject: afforestation
subject: reforestation
subject: permanence
subject: insurance
subject: lCER
subject: tCER

description: The Milan conference of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change has established two types of emission offsets under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), valid for afforestation and reforestation activities. In order to account for the non-permanent nature of carbon storage in forests, these credits expire after a predefined periods, after which the buyer needs to replace them. The present article assesses their market value in relation to "permanent" credits, identifies their specific risks and proposes how to mitigate and manage them. It analyzes strengths and weaknesses of expiring credits for sellers and buyers. Taking the example of the EU emissions trading system, the authors discuss how expiring credits could reach fungibility with permanent emission allowances on domestic markets.
al-Ğumaiyil, Nāṣir: an-Nussāḫ al-mawārina wa-mansūḫātuhum
Creators: name: Walbiner, Carsten-Michael
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 83 (1999): Oriens christianus, Band 83
UBVI CCD Photometry of the Old Open Cluster Berkeley 17
Creators: name: Krusberg, Zosia A. C.
name: Chaboyer, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photometric UBVI CCD photometry is presented for NGC 188 and Berkeley 17. Color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) are constructed and reach well past the main-sequence turn-off for both clusters. Cluster ages are determined by means of isochrone fitting to the cluster CMDs. These fits are constrained to agree with spectroscopic metallicity and reddening estimates. Cluster ages are determined to be 7.0+/-0.5 Gyr for NGC 188, and 10.0+/- 1.0 Gyr for Berkeley 17, where the errors refer to uncertainties in the relative age determinations. These ages are compared to the ages of relatively metal-rich inner halo/thick disk globular clusters and other old open clusters. Berkeley 17 and NGC 6791 are the oldest open clusters with an age of 10 Gyr. They are 2 Gyr younger than the thick disk globular clusters. These results confirm the status of Berkeley 17 as one of the oldest known open cluster in the Milky Way, and its age provides a lower limit to the age of the Galactic disk.
description: to appear in AJ; 28 pages, 9 figures
Modified Hermite Integrators of Arbitrary Order
Creators: name: Dittmann, Alexander J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a family of modified Hermite integrators of arbitrary order possessing superior behaviour for the integration of Keplerian and near-Keplerian orbits. After recounting the derivation of Hermite N-body integrators of arbitrary order, we derive a corrector expression that minimises integrated errors in the argument of periapsis for any such integrator. In addition to providing an alternate derivation of the modified corrector for the 4th-order Hermite integrator, we focus on improved correctors for the 6th- and 8th-order integrators previously featured in the literature. We present a set of numerical examples and find that the higher-order schemes improve performance, even when considering their slightly higher cost in floating point operations. The algorithms presented herein hold promise for systems dominated by central potentials, such as planetary systems and the centres of galaxies. Existing Hermite integrators of any order can be modified to use the expressions presented here with minimal effort. Accordingly the schemes presented herein can be easily implemented on massively parallel architectures.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Grand Canonical simulations of string tension in elastic surface model
Creators: name: Koibuchi, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a numerical evidence that the string tension σcan be viewed as an order parameter of the phase transition, which separates the smooth phase from the crumpled one, in the fluid surface model of Helfrich and Polyakov-Kleinert. The model is defined on spherical surfaces with two fixed vertices of distance L. The string tension σis calculated by regarding the surface as a string connecting the two points. We find that the phase transition strengthens as L is increased, and that σvanishes in the crumpled phase and non-vanishes in the smooth phase.
description: 7 pages with 7 figures
Supersymmetry on Jacobstahl lattices
Creators: name: Alcaraz, Francisco C.
name: Rittenberg, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the construction of Yang and Fendley (2004 {\it J. Phys. A: Math.Gen. {\bf 37}} 8937) to obtainsupersymmetric systems, leads not to the open XXZ chain with anisotropy $Δ=-{1/2}$ but to systems having dimensions given by Jacobstahl sequences.For each system the ground state is unique. The continuum limit of the spectra of the Jacobstahl systems coincide, up to degeneracies, with that of the $U_q(sl(2))$ invariant XXZ chain for $q=\exp(iπ/3)$. The relation between the Jacobstahl systems and the open XXZ chain is explained.
description: 6 pages, 0 figures
Thermo--inertial bouncing of a relativistic collapsing sphere: A numerical model
Creators: name: Herrera, L.
name: Di Prisco, A.
name: Barreto, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical model of a collapsing radiating sphere, whose boundary surface undergoes bouncing due to a decreasing of its inertial mass density (and, as expected from the equivalence principle, also of the ``gravitational'' force term) produced by the ``inertial'' term of the transport equation. This model exhibits for the first time the consequences of such an effect, and shows that under physically reasonable conditions this decreasing of the gravitational term in the dynamic equation may be large enough as to revert the collapse and produce a bouncing of the boundary surface of the sphere.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. D
Nuclear pasta in hot and dense matter and its influence on the equation of state for astrophysical simulations
Creators: name: Ji, Fan
name: Hu, Jinniu
name: Bao, Shishao
name: Shen, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the properties of nuclear pasta appearing in supernova matter, i.e., matter at finite temperature with a fixed proton fraction. The pasta phases with a series of geometric shapes are studied using the compressible liquid-drop (CLD) model, where nuclear matter separates into a dense liquid phase of nucleons and a dilute gas phase of nucleons and $α$ particles. The equilibrium conditions for two coexisting phases are derived by minimization of the total free energy including the surface and Coulomb contributions, which are clearly different from the Gibbs conditions for phase equilibrium due to the finite-size effects. Compared to the results considering only spherical nuclei, the inclusion of pasta phases can delay the transition to uniform matter and enlarge the region of nonuniform matter in the phase diagram. The thermodynamic quantities obtained in the present calculation with the CLD model are consistent with those in the realistic equation of state table for astrophysical simulations using the Thomas--Fermi approximation. It is found that the density ranges of various pasta shapes depend on both the temperature $T$ and the proton fraction $Y_p$. Furthermore, the nuclear symmetry energy and its density dependence may play crucial roles in determining the properties of pasta phases. Our results suggest that the pasta phase diagram is most sensitively dependent on the symmetry energy slope $L$ especially in the low-$Y_p$ and high-$T$ region.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
End-to-End Memristive HTM System for Pattern Recognition and Sequence Prediction
Creators: name: Zyarah, Abdullah M.
name: Gomez, Kevin
name: Kudithipudi, Dhireesha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neuromorphic systems that learn and predict from streaming inputs hold significant promise in pervasive edge computing and its applications. In this paper, a neuromorphic system that processes spatio-temporal information on the edge is proposed. Algorithmically, the system is based on hierarchical temporal memory that inherently offers online learning, resiliency, and fault tolerance. Architecturally, it is a full custom mixed-signal design with an underlying digital communication scheme and analog computational modules. Therefore, the proposed system features reconfigurability, real-time processing, low power consumption, and low-latency processing. The proposed architecture is benchmarked to predict on real-world streaming data. The network's mean absolute percentage error on the mixed-signal system is 1.129X lower compared to its baseline algorithm model. This reduction can be attributed to device non-idealities and probabilistic formation of synaptic connections. We demonstrate that the combined effect of Hebbian learning and network sparsity also plays a major role in extending the overall network lifespan. We also illustrate that the system offers 3.46X reduction in latency and 77.02X reduction in power consumption when compared to a custom CMOS digital design implemented at the same technology node. By employing specific low power techniques, such as clock gating, we observe 161.37X reduction in power consumption.