cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Impact of faults and fault damage zones on large open pit slopes
Creators: name: Severin, Jordan Melvin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The demand for metals combined with diminishing near surface resources has prompted the increasing development of complex and unprecedented open pit designs to recover deeper resources. These designs include pushback extensions, intentional over-steepening of toes, or the transition to underground retreat or mass mining methods. While past designs rarely involved pit depths exceeding 500 m, steeper and deeper designs approaching or exceeding 1000 m are now considered. Experiences with large open pits demonstrate that complex failure mechanisms occur with higher propensity within these slopes. New technologies used to monitor slope displacement, such as radar interferometry, along with increased real-time data processing have given engineers more data and faster tools to investigate the fundamental rock mechanics that occur within large slopes. Radar allows for the collection of large amounts of real-time data with millimeter precision. Emphasis is given in this thesis to the use of radar monitoring in resolving displacements in proximity to fault damage zones. Research was conducted to develop and execute a first of its kind 3-D radar experiment involving the simultaneous deployment of two radar systems. This experiment demonstrates that valuable knowledge, in the form of a 3-D displacement map, was used to resolve the influence of large fault zones in promoting complex slope deformation kinematics and failure mechanisms. In parallel, numerical modelling continues to develop as a key tool in understanding deep-seated rock slope deformation mechanisms. Research was conducted to investigate the characterization and representation of key fault properties within sensitivity analyses used to provide guidance on the impact of simplification of these complex structures. Representative geometries and input parameters based on case studies were used to show the influence of fault location, orientation and complexity, on stress heterogeneity created by the interaction between faults and deepening large open pits, as well as the transition to underground mass mining. These interactions can create zones of plastic shear strain or extensional strain damage not typically accounted for in most stability analyses. The inclusion of stress heterogeneity and subsequent rock mass damage is shown to modify the observed mechanisms of slope movement and allow previously unviable kinematics to develop.
Effects of thermal and quantum fluctuations on the phase diagram of a spin-1 87Rb Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Phuc, Nguyen Thanh
name: Kawaguchi, Yuki
name: Ueda, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate effects of thermal and quantum fluctuations on the phase diagram of a spin-1 87Rb Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) under a quadratic Zeeman effect. Due to the large ratio of spinindependent to spin-dependent interactions of 87Rb atoms, the effect of noncondensed atoms on the condensate is much more significant than that in scalar BECs. We find that the condensate and spontaneous magnetization emerge at different temperatures when the ground state is in the brokenaxisymmetry phase. In this phase, a magnetized condensate induces spin coherence of noncondensed atoms in different magnetic sublevels, resulting in temperature-dependent magnetization of the noncondensate. We also examine the effect of quantum fluctuations on the order parameter at absolute zero, and find that the ground-state phase diagram is significantly altered by quantum depletion.
description: Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures Comment: 20 pages, 7 figures, paper reconstructed, nomenclature changed, references added, grammatical errors corrected
Phenomenology of Current-Induced Dynamics in Antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Hals, Kjetil M. D.
name: Tserkovnyak, Yaroslav
name: Brataas, Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a phenomenological theory of current-induced staggered magnetization dynamics in antiferromagnets. The theory captures the reactive and dissipative current-induced torques and the conventional effects of magnetic fields and damping. A Walker ansatz describes the dc current-induced domain-wall motion when there is no dissipation. If magnetic damping and dissipative torques are included, the Walker ansatz remains robust when the domain-wall moves slowly. As in ferromagnets, the domain-wall velocity is proportional to the ratio between the dissipative-torque and the magnetization damping. In addition, a current-driven antiferromagnetic domain-wall acquires a net magnetic moment.
description: Final version accepted by Physical Review Letters
The mechanism of porosity formation during solvent-mediated phase transformations
Creators: name: Raufaste, Christophe
name: Jamtveit, Bjørn
name: John, Timm
name: Meakin, Paul
name: Dysthe, Dag Kristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solvent-mediated solid-solid phase transformations often result in the formation of a porous medium, which may be stable on long time scales or undergo ripening and consolidation. We have studied replace- ment processes in the KBr-KCl-H2O system using both in situ and ex situ experiments. The replacement of a KBr crystal by a K(Br,Cl) solid solution in the presence of an aqueous solution is facilitated by the gen- eration of a surprisingly stable, highly anisotropic and connected pore structure that pervades the product phase. This pore structure ensures efficient solute transport from the bulk solution to the reacting KBr and K(Br,Cl) surfaces. The compositional profile of the K(Br,Cl) solid solu- tion exhibits striking discontinuities across disc-like cavities in the product phase. Similar transformation mechanisms are probably important in con- trolling phase transformation processes and rates in a variety of natural and man-made systems.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
Hubble Space Telescope Transmission Spectroscopy of the Exoplanet HD 189733b: High-altitude atmospheric haze in the optical and near-UV with STIS
Creators: name: Sing, D. K.
name: Pont, F.
name: Aigrain, S.
name: Charbonneau, D.
name: Desert, J. -M.
name: Gibson, N.
name: Gilliland, R.
name: Hayek, W.
name: Henry, G.
name: Knutson, H.
name: Etangs, A. Lecavelier des
name: Mazeh, T.
name: Shporer, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Hubble Space Telescope optical and near-ultraviolet transmission spectra of the transiting hot-Jupiter HD189733b, taken with the repaired Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) instrument. The resulting spectra cover the range 2900-5700 Ang and reach per-exposure signal-to-noise levels greater than 11,000 within a 500 Ang bandwidth. We used time series spectra obtained during two transit events to determine the wavelength dependance of the planetary radius and measure the exoplanet's atmospheric transmission spectrum for the first time over this wavelength range. Our measurements, in conjunction with existing HST spectra, now provide a broadband transmission spectrum covering the full optical regime. The STIS data also shows unambiguous evidence of a large occulted stellar spot during one of our transit events, which we use to place constraints on the characteristics of the K dwarf's stellar spots, estimating spot temperatures around Teff~4250 K. With contemporaneous ground-based photometric monitoring of the stellar variability, we also measure the correlation between the stellar activity level and transit-measured planet-to-star radius contrast, which is in good agreement with predictions. We find a planetary transmission spectrum in good agreement with that of Rayleigh scattering from a high-altitude atmospheric haze as previously found from HST ACS camera. The high-altitude haze is now found to cover the entire optical regime and is well characterised by Rayleigh scattering. These findings suggest that haze may be a globally dominant atmospheric feature of the planet which would result in a high optical albedo at shorter optical wavelengths.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables, accepted to MNRAS, revised version has minor changes
Examining the population level and individual level longitudinal stability of psychosocial measures in the US Army’s Global Assessment Tool (GAT)
Creators: name: Ratcliff, Nathaniel J.
name: Thurston, Joel
name: Goldstein, Joshua R.
name: Lancaster, Vicki A.
name: Shipp, Stephanie S.
name: Keller, Sallie A.
name: Ervin, Kelly S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: As a component of the US Army’s Comprehensive Soldier and Family Fitness program (CSF2), the Global Assessment Tool (GAT) represents a multidimensional constellation of measures designed to assess characteristics related to resilience. Using a foundation of validated measures from prior research, the GAT has been the vehicle for self-assessment to provide Soldiers, their families, and Army Civilians snapshots of their psychosocial wellness. Despite the long history of the measurement instrument (first implemented in 2009) and widespread use (mandatory for all active-duty Soldiers annually), the longitudinal capabilities of the GAT has received little attention. Here, we examine the longitudinal stability of the GAT across an approximate five-year time frame and multiple statistical approaches that demonstrate measurement stability at both the aggregate population level (people on average) and the individual level. We find evidence that the majority of the measures within the GAT are relatively stable over time both at the population level and individual level. This evidence contributes to knowledge of how best to improve the GAT for future use with the pay-off for the Army being a self-assessment tool that is more effective and efficient.
Binary black hole coalescence in the extreme-mass-ratio limit: testing and improving the effective-one-body multipolar waveform
Creators: name: Bernuzzi, Sebastiano
name: Nagar, Alessandro
name: Zenginoglu, Anil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the properties of the effective-one-body (EOB) multipolar gravitational waveform emitted by nonspinning black-hole binaries of masses $μ$ and $M$ in the extreme-mass-ratio limit, $μ/M=ν\ll 1$. We focus on the transition from quasicircular inspiral to plunge, merger and ringdown.We compare the EOB waveform to a Regge-Wheeler-Zerilli (RWZ) waveform computed using the hyperboloidal layer method and extracted at null infinity. Because the EOB waveform keeps track analytically of most phase differences in the early inspiral, we do not allow for any arbitrary time or phase shift between the waveforms. The dynamics of the particle, common to both wave-generation formalisms, is driven by leading-order ${\cal O}(ν)$ analytically--resummed radiation reaction. The EOB and the RWZ waveforms have an initial dephasing of about $5\times 10^{-4}$ rad and maintain then a remarkably accurate phase coherence during the long inspiral ($\sim 33$ orbits), accumulating only about $-2\times 10^{-3}$ rad until the last stable orbit, i.e. $Δϕ/ϕ\sim -5.95\times 10^{-6}$. We obtain such accuracy without calibrating the analytically-resummed EOB waveform to numerical data, which indicates the aptitude of the EOB waveform for LISA-oriented studies. We then improve the behavior of the EOB waveform around merger by introducing and tuning next-to-quasi-circular corrections both in the gravitational wave amplitude and phase. For each multipole we tune only four next-to-quasi-circular parameters by requiring compatibility between EOB and RWZ waveforms at the light-ring. The resulting phase difference around merger time is as small as $\pm 0.015$ rad, with a fractional amplitude agreement of 2.5%. This suggest that next-to-quasi-circular corrections to the phase can be a useful ingredient in comparisons between EOB and numerical relativity waveforms.
Superconducting transitions of intrinsic arrays of weakly coupled 1D superconducting chains: The case of the extreme quasi-1D superconductor Tl2Mo6Se6
Creators: name: Bergk, B.
name: Petrović, A. P.
name: Wang, Z.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Salloum, D.
name: Gougeon, P.
name: Potel, M.
name: Lortz, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tl2Mo6Se6 represents a model system for quasi-one-dimensional superconductors. We investigate its superconducting transition in detail by means of electrical transport experiments on high-quality single crystalline samples with onset Tc = 6.8 K. Our measurements indicate a highly complex superconducting transition which occurs in different stages, with a characteristic bump in the resistivity and distinct plateau structures in the supercurrent gap imaged by V-I curves. We interpret these features as fingerprints of the gradual establishment of global phase coherence in an array of weakly coupled parallel one-dimensional (1D) superconducting bundles. In this way, we demonstrate that superconducting Tl2Mo6Se6 behaves like an intrinsic array of Proximity or Josephson junctions, undergoing a complex superconducting phase-ordering transition at 4.5 K which shows many similarities to the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Scaling with system size of the Lyapunov exponents for the Hamiltonian Mean Field model
Creators: name: Manos, Thanos
name: Ruffo, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hamiltonian Mean Field (HMF) model is a prototype for systems with long-range interactions. It describes the motion of $N$ particles moving on a ring, coupled through an infinite-range potential. The model has a second order phase transition at the energy $U_c=3/4$ and its dynamics is exactly described by the Vlasov equation in the $N \to \infty$ limit. Its chaotic properties have been investigated in the past, but the determination of the scaling with $N$ of the Lyapunov Spectrum (LS) of the model remains a challenging open problem. We here show that the $N^{-1/3}$ scaling of the Maximal Lyapunov Exponent (MLE), found in previous numerical and analytical studies, extends to the full LS; not only, scaling is "precocious" for the LS, meaning that it becomes manifest for a much smaller number of particles than the one needed to check the scaling for the MLE. Besides that, the $N^{-1/3}$ scaling appears to be valid not only for $U>U_c$, as suggested by theoretical approaches based on a random matrix approximation, but also below a threshold energy $U_t \approx 0.2$. Using a recently proposed method (GALI) devised to rapidly check the chaotic or regular nature of an orbit, we find that $U_t$ is also the energy at which a sharp transition from {\it weak} to {\it strong} chaos is present in the phase-space of the model. Around this energy the phase of the vector order parameter of the model becomes strongly time dependent, inducing a significant untrapping of particles from a nonlinear resonance.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, (revised version, several minor typos fixed - accepted for publication in Transport Theory and Statistical Physics)
Exquisite Nova Light Curves from the Solar Mass Ejection Imager (SMEI)
Creators: name: Hounsell, R.
name: Bode, M. F.
name: Hick, P. P.
name: Buffington, A.
name: Jackson, B. V.
name: Clover, J. M.
name: Shafter, A. W.
name: Darnley, M. J.
name: Mawson, N. R.
name: Steele, I. A.
name: Evans, A.
name: Eyres, S. P. S.
name: O'Brien, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present light curves of three classical novae (KT Eridani, V598 Puppis, V1280 Scorpii) and one recurrent nova (RS Ophiuchi) derived from data obtained by the Solar Mass Ejection Imager (SMEI) on board the Coriolis satellite. SMEI provides near complete sky-map coverage with precision visible-light photometry at 102-minute cadence. The light curves derived from these sky maps offer unprecedented temporal resolution around, and especially before, maximum light, a phase of the nova eruption normally not covered by ground-based observations. They allow us to explore fundamental parameters of individual objects including the epoch of the initial explosion, the reality and duration of any pre-maximum halt (found in all three fast novae in our sample), the presence of secondary maxima, speed of decline of the initial light curve, plus precise timing of the onset of dust formation (in V1280 Sco) leading to estimation of the bolometric luminosity, white dwarf mass and object distance. For KT Eri, Liverpool Telescope SkyCamT data confirm important features of the SMEI light curve and overall our results add weight to the proposed similarities of this object to recurrent rather than to classical novae. In RS Oph, comparison with hard X-ray data from the 2006 outburst implies that the onset of the outburst coincides with extensive high velocity mass-loss. It is also noted that two of the four novae we have detected (V598 Pup and KT Eri) were only discovered by ground-based observers weeks or months after maximum light, yet these novae reached peak magnitudes of 3.46 and 5.42 respectively. This emphasizes the fact that many bright novae per year are still overlooked, particularly those of the very fast speed class. Coupled with its ability to observe novae in detail even when relatively close to the Sun in the sky, we estimate that as many as 5 novae per year may be detectable by SMEI.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
The cosmic X-ray and gamma-ray background from dark matter annihilation
Creators: name: Zavala, Jesus
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: Slatyer, Tracy R.
name: Loeb, Abraham
name: Springel, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) The extragalactic background light (EBL) observed at multiple wavelengths is a promising tool to probe the nature of dark matter since it might contain a significant contribution from gamma-rays produced promptly by dark matter annihilation. Additionally, the electrons and positrons produced in the annihilation give energy to the CMB photons to populate the EBL with X-rays and gamma-rays. We here create full-sky maps of the radiation from both of these contributions using the high-resolution Millennium-II simulation. We use upper limits on the contributions of unknown sources to the EBL to constrain the intrinsic properties of dark matter using a model-independent approach that can be employed as a template to test different particle physics models (including those with a Sommerfeld enhancement). These upper limits are based on observations spanning eight orders of magnitude in energy (from soft X-rays measured by CHANDRA to gamma-rays measured by Fermi), and on expectations for the contributions from blazars and star forming galaxies. To exemplify this approach, we analyze a set of benchmark Sommerfeld-enhanced models that give the correct dark matter abundance, satisfy CMB constraints, and fit the cosmic ray spectra measured by PAMELA and Fermi without any contribution from local subhalos. We find that these models are in conflict with the EBL constraints unless the contribution of unresolved subhalos is small and the annihilation signal dominates the EBL. We conclude that provided the collisionless cold dark matter paradigm is accurate, even for conservative estimates of the contribution from unresolved subhalos and astrophysical backgrounds, the EBL is at least as sensitive a probe of these types of scenarios as the CMB. Our results disfavor an explanation of the positron excess measured by PAMELA based only on dark matter annihilation in the smooth Galactic halo.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review D. New Appendix D and other minor additions
Dynamic universality class of large-N gauge theories
Creators: name: Natsuume, Makoto
name: Okamura, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In dynamic critical phenomena, singular behaviors appear not only in the order parameter but also in the other transport coefficients (due to the mode-mode coupling). However, this effect has not been observed in the AdS/CFT duality. We point out that this mode-mode coupling is suppressed by 1/N^2 in the large-N gauge theories which correspond to model H in the classification of Hohenberg and Halperin. Thus, the effect cannot be seen in the classical supergravity approximation. We illustrate this point using the example of the N=4 super-Yang-Mills theory at a finite chemical potential. We also discuss the implications of this result to heavy-ion collisions.
description: 10 pages, ReVTeX4.1; v2: published version
SU(2)-invariant Majorana spin liquid with stable parton Fermi surfaces in an exactly solvable model
Creators: name: Lai, Hsin-Hua
name: Motrunich, Olexei I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an exactly solvable spin-orbital model on a decorated square lattice that realizes an SU(2)-invariant Majorana spin liquid with parton Fermi surfaces, of the kind discussed recently by Biswas et al. [ Phys. Rev. B. {\bf 83}, 245131(2011)]. We find power-law spin correlations as well as power-law spin-nematic correlations with the same dominant $1/|{\bf r}|^3$ envelope. The model is solvable also in the presence of Zeeman magnetic field. One fermion species carries $S^z=0$ quantum number and its Fermi surface is not altered in the field, while the Fermi surfaces of the other species evolve and can disappear. In particular, we find an interesting half-magnetization plateau phase in which spin excitations are gapful while there remain spinless gapless excitations that still produce metal-like thermal properties. In the fully-magnetized phase, the model reduces to the one proposed by Baskaran et al., [arXiv:0908.1614v3] in terms of the orbital degrees of freedom.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Importance of Meridional Circulation in Flux Transport Dynamo: The Possibility of a Maunder-like Grand Minimum
Creators: name: Karak, Bidya Binay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Meridional circulation is an important ingredient in flux transport dynamo models. We have studied its importance on the period, the amplitude of the solar cycle, and also in producing Maunder-like grand minima in these models. First, we model the periods of the last 23 sunspot cycles by varying the meridional circulation speed. If the dynamo is in a diffusion-dominated regime, then we find that most of the cycle amplitudes also get modeled up to some extent when we model the periods. Next, we propose that at the beginning of the Maunder minimum the amplitude of meridional circulation dropped to a low value and then after a few years it increased again. Several independent studies also favor this assumption. With this assumption, a diffusion-dominated dynamo is able to reproduce many important features of the Maunder minimum remarkably well. If the dynamo is in a diffusion-dominated regime, then a slower meridional circulation means that the poloidal field gets more time to diffuse during its transport through the convection zone, making the dynamo weaker. This consequence helps to model both the cycle amplitudes and the Maunder-like minima. We, however, fail to reproduce these results if the dynamo is in an advection-dominated regime.
description: 10 pages and 7 figures. ApJ, in press. Few typos are corrected in this version
Discovery of GeV gamma-ray emission from PSR B1259-63/LS 2883
Creators: name: Tam, P. H. Thomas
name: Huang, Regina H. H.
name: Takata, Jumpei
name: Hui, C. Y.
name: Kong, Albert K. H.
name: Cheng, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The binary system PSR B1259-63/LS 2883 consists of a 47.8 ms radio pulsar that orbits the companion Be star with a period of 3.4 years in a highly eccentric orbit. The system is well sampled in radio, X-rays, and TeV gamma-rays, and shows orbital-phase-dependent variability in all observed frequencies. Here we report on the discovery of >100 MeV gamma-rays from PSR B1259-63/LS 2883 through the 2010 pariastron passage. Using data collected with the Large Area Telescope aboard Fermi from 33 days before pariastron to 75 days after pariastron, PSR B1259-63/LS 2883 is detected at a significance of 13.6 standard deviations. The gamma-ray light curve is highly variable over the above period, with changing photon index that correlates with gamma-ray flux. In particular, two major flares that occur after the pariastron passage were observed. The onset of gamma-ray emission occurs close to, but not at the same orbital phases as, the two disk passages that occur ~1 month before and ~1 month after the pariastron passage. The fact that the GeV orbital light curve is different from that of the X-ray and TeV light curves strongly suggests that GeV gamma-ray emission originates from a different component. We speculate that the observed GeV flares may be resulting from Doppler boosting effects.
description: ApJ Letters, in press 7 pages, 4 figures (Fig. 4 added), 1 table
Constraining the flux and cross section models using carbon and oxygen targets in the off-axis near detector for the 2016 joint oscillation analysis at T2K
Creators: name: Nielsen, Christine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The T2K experiment is a long baseline neutrino experiment designed to measure various neutrino oscillation parameters, particularly θ₁₃ and θ₂₃, at world-leading precisions. T2K uses muon neutrino and antineutrino beams produced at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex. The off-axis beam strikes near detectors 280 m from the source (ND280) and the water Cherenkov detector, Super-Kamiokande, 295 km away. The far detector performs the primary oscillation analysis, while ND280 provides cross-section and flux constraints to reduce uncertainties in the oscillation analyses. ND280 consists of several different detectors, with the main target mass being the Fine Grained Detectors, one of which provides an active carbon target and one which provides a combined water-carbon target. This thesis describes the fitting methods used for T2K's oscillation analyses and near detector constraints, with a focus on the near detector fit. The addition of water target data in the near detector fit improves cross-section uncertainties at both near and far detectors. The near detector fit is a maximum likelihood fit to observed neutrino interaction rates in ND280 to constrain the cross-section and flux at the far detector. Event cuts identify and separate charged-current neutrino interactions into topology-based samples, with selection uncertainties and correlations handled through extensive detector systematic studies. The near detector fit to data including a water target shows consistent fitted cross-section and flux with previous ND280 fits, and significantly reduces the uncertainty on the neutrino energy spectrum predictions at the far detector. In addition, nuclear model dependencies in the cross-section model used at T2K were investigated using the near detector fit, and the T2K model was shown to be sufficient in accounting for nuclear effects.
Higher-order SUSY, exactly solvable potentials, and exceptional orthogonal polynomials
Creators: name: Quesne, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exactly solvable rationally-extended radial oscillator potentials, whose wavefunctions can be expressed in terms of Laguerre-type exceptional orthogonal polynomials, are constructed in the framework of $k$th-order supersymmetric quantum mechanics, with special emphasis on $k=2$. It is shown that for $μ=1$, 2, and 3, there exist exactly $μ$ distinct potentials of $μ$th type and associated families of exceptional orthogonal polynomials, where $μ$ denotes the degree of the polynomial $g_μ$ arising in the denominator of the potentials.
description: 14 pages, no figure, published version
The causes of the Bar Kokhba revolt : a critical reassessment and new comparisons
Creators: name: Burnstein, Brian Hale
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The causes of the Bar Kokhba revolt have long been debated. This thesis will explore the immediate causes of the Bar Kokhba revolt and compare them to other provincial revolts in the Roman Empire. Doing so will allow us to determine the similarity of the Bar Kokhba revolt to Roman provincial revolts in general. In chapter one, I argue that the unrest in Judaea before the revolt fostered enmity between Jews and Romans. When compounded with Hadrian’s decision to found the colonia Aelia Capitolina, this ultimately led the Jews to rebel. I analyze the literary source, Cassius Dio, to determine the reliability of his writings. Furthermore, thorough analyses of the archaeological and numismatic evidence, especially the Aelia Capitolina provincial and Bar Kokhba revolt coinage, support the foundation of Aelia Capitolina as the immediate cause. In chapter two, I argue that Hadrian’s supposed ban on circumcision was not a cause of the revolt. I argue that the source that states this, Historia Augusta, is not historically reliable. Moreover, I argue through close examination of Roman literary, legal, cultural, and social trends that Rome never forbade circumcision before or during the Hadrianic era. Similarly, I analyze the rabbinic sources that have been taken to affirm this ban, and argue that because they are not historiographical works, they can only be used to understand the times in which they were redacted. Finally, in chapter three I compare the causes of the Bar Kokhba revolt to other provincial revolts under the early Roman Empire to determine that the Bar Kokhba revolt fits within the general paradigm of these revolts. I argue that the unrest in Judaea and the foundation of Aelia Capitolina parallel actions that sparked other provincial revolts. As a result, the Bar Kokhba revolt ought to be considered a Roman provincial revolt and not solely a Jewish revolt. This final chapter allows us to view the Bar Kokhba revolt in a different light, thereby possibly opening further avenues of research on the Bar Kokhba revolt.
Zur Nutzung von Forschungsdaten
Creators: name: Strauch-Davey, Annette
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: FDM
Forschungsdaten
Forschungsdatenmanagement
Digitaler Wandel
Forschungsdatenrepositorien
Open Science
Offene Wissenschaft
Data Publication

description: Die Präsentation ist im Kontext der Veröffentlichung des Positionspapier „Nutzung und Verwertung von Daten im wissenschaftlichen Raum – Empfehlungen zur Ausgestaltung von Datendiensten an der Schnittstelle zwischen Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft“ entstanden. RfII – Rat für Informationsinfrastrukturen: Nutzung und Verwertung von Daten im wissenschaftlichen Raum − Empfehlungen zur Ausgestaltung von Datendiensten an der Schnittstelle zwischen Wissenschaft und Wirtschaft, Göttingen 2021, 120 S. Direkte Links zum Dokument Permalink auf der RfII-Website: https://rfii.de/?p=6961 URN der Online-Ausgabe bei der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek: urn:nbn:de:101:1-2020052673
Ultrahigh Energy Nuclei in the Galactic Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Giacinti, G.
name: Kachelriess, M.
name: Semikoz, D. V.
name: Sigl, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations are consistent with a significant fraction of heavy nuclei in the cosmic ray flux above a few times 10^19 eV. Such nuclei can be deflected considerably in the Galactic magnetic field, with important implications for the search of their sources. We perform detailed simulations of heavy nuclei propagation within recent Galactic magnetic field models. While such models are not yet sufficiently constrained to predict deflection maps in detail, we find general features of the distribution of (de-) magnified flux from sources. Since in most theoretical models sources of heavy nuclei are located in the local large scale structure of galaxies, we show examples of images of several nearby galaxy clusters and of the supergalactic plane. Such general features may be useful to develop efficient methods for source reconstruction from observed ultrahigh energy cosmic ray arrival directions.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures. Published in JCAP
Galaxy morphology, luminosity and, environment in the SDSS DR7
Creators: name: Tempel, E.
name: Saar, E.
name: Liivamägi, L. J.
name: Tamm, A.
name: Einasto, J.
name: Einasto, M.
name: Müller, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of the environment on the evolution of galaxies by investigating the luminosity function (LF) of galaxies of different morphological types and colours at different environmental density levels. We construct the LFs separately for galaxies of different morphology (spiral and elliptical) and of different colours (red and blue) using data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), correcting the luminosities for the intrinsic absorption. We use the global luminosity density field to define different environments, and analyse the environmental dependence of galaxy morphology and colour. The smoothed bootstrap method is used to calculate confidence regions of the derived luminosity functions. We find a strong environmental dependency for the LF of elliptical galaxies. The LF of spiral galaxies is almost environment independent, suggesting that spiral galaxy formation mechanisms are similar in different environments. Absorption by the intrinsic dust influences the bright-end of the LF of spiral galaxies. After attenuation correction, the brightest spiral galaxies are still about 0.5 mag less luminous than the brightest elliptical galaxies, except in the least dense environment, where spiral galaxies dominate the LF at every luminosity. Despite the extent of the SDSS survey, the influence of single rich superclusters is present in the galactic LF of the densest environment.
description: 14 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Neue Elektronentransfersysteme in DNA und Porphyrin-DNA-Konjugate
Creators: name: Wellner, Christian
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Organische Chemie
DNA
Elektronentransfer
Porphyrine
Biokonjugation

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit neuen Elektronentransfersystemen in DNA. Das System aus 2,7-Diazapyrenium und einem DIMAP-Derivat wurde dabei sowohl mittels stationärer als auch zeitaufgelöster Absorptionsspektroskopie sowie Fluorezenzspektroskopie untersucht. Desweiteren wurden Porphyrin-DNA-Konjugate dargestellt. Dazu wurden zwei tetrakationische Porphyrine synthetisiert und postsynthetisch mittels CuAAC bzw. Diels-Alder-Cycloaddition an DNA-Oligonukleotide angeknüpft.
Spin transport in a one-dimensional anisotropic Heisenberg model
Creators: name: Znidaric, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analytically and numerically study spin transport in a one-dimensional Heisenberg model in linear-response regime at infinite temperature. It is shown that as the anisotropy parameter Delta is varied spin transport changes from ballistic for Delta<1 to anomalous at the isotropic point Delta=1, to diffusive for finite Delta>1, ending up as a perfect isolator in the Ising limit of infinite Delta. Using perturbation theory for large Delta a quantitative prediction is made for the dependence of diffusion constant on Delta.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; v2.: few comments added and typos corrected; published version
Laser Ranging to the Lost Lunokhod~1 Reflector
Creators: name: Murphy, T. W.
name: Adelberger, E. G.
name: Battat, J. B. R.
name: Hoyle, C. D.
name: Johnson, N. H.
name: McMillan, R. J.
name: Michelsen, E. L.
name: Stubbs, C. W.
name: Swanson, H. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 1970, the Soviet Lunokhod 1 rover delivered a French-built laser reflector to the Moon. Although a few range measurements were made within three months of its landing, these measurements---and any that may have followed---are unpublished and unavailable. The Lunokhod 1 reflector was, therefore, effectively lost until March of 2010 when images from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) provided a positive identification of the rover and determined its coordinates with uncertainties of about 100 m. This allowed the Apache Point Observatory Lunar Laser-ranging Operation (APOLLO) to quickly acquire a laser signal. The reflector appears to be in excellent condition, delivering a signal roughly four times stronger than its twin reflector on the Lunokhod 2 rover. The Lunokhod 1 reflector is especially valuable for science because it is closer to the Moon's limb than any of the other reflectors and, unlike the Lunokhod 2 reflector, we find that it is usable during the lunar day. We report the selenographic position of the reflector to few-centimeter accuracy, comment on the health of the reflector, and illustrate the value of this reflector for achieving science goals.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure (color), submitted to Icarus; revision addresses reviewer comments
Critical Rotational Speeds in the Gross-Pitaevskii Theory on a Disc with Dirichlet Boundary Conditions
Creators: name: Correggi, M.
name: Pinsker, F.
name: Rougerie, N.
name: Yngvason, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the two-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii theory of a rotating Bose gas in a disc-shaped trap with Dirichlet boundary conditions, generalizing and extending previous results that were obtained under Neumann boundary conditions. The focus is on the energy asymptotics, vorticity and qualitative properties of the minimizers in the parameter range $|\log\eps| \ll Ω\lesssim \eps^{-2}|\log\eps|^{-1}$ where $ Ω$ is the rotational velocity and the coupling parameter is written as $ \eps^{-2} $ with $ \eps \ll 1 $. Three critical speeds can be identified. At $ Ω= Ω_{\mathrm{c_1}} \sim|\log\eps| $ vortices start to appear and for $ |\log\eps| \ll Ω< Ω_{\mathrm{c_2}} \sim \eps^{-1} $ the vorticity is uniformly distributed over the disc. For $ Ω\geq Ω_{\mathrm{c_2}} $ the centrifugal forces create a hole around the center with strongly depleted density. For $ Ω\ll \eps^{-2}|\log\eps|^{-1} $ vorticity is still uniformly distributed in an annulus containing the bulk of the density, but at $ Ω= Ω_{\mathrm{c_3}} \sim \eps^{-2}|\log\eps|^{-1} $ there is a transition to a giant vortex state where the vorticity disappears from the bulk. The energy is then well approximated by a trial function that is an eigenfunction of angular momentum but one of our results is that the true minimizers break rotational symmetry in the whole parameter range, including the giant vortex phase.
description: 42 pages, PDFLaTex. References added, minor modifications in the Introduction. To be published in J. Stat. Phys
Antilinear spectral symmetry and the vortex zero-modes in topological insulators and graphene
Creators: name: Herbut, Igor F.
name: Lu, Chi-Ken
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the general extension of the four-dimensional Jackiw-Rossi-Dirac Hamiltonian that preserves the antilinear reflection symmetry between the positive and negative energy eigenstates. Among other systems, the resulting Hamiltonian describes the s-wave superconducting vortex at the surface of the topological insulator, at a finite chemical potential, and in the presence of both Zeeman and orbital couplings to the external magnetic field. Here we find that the bound zero-mode exists only when the Zeeman term is below a critical value. Other physical realizations pertaining to graphene are considered, and some novel zero-energy wave functions are analytically computed.
description: 6 revtex pages; typos corrected, published version
Deriving the existence of $B\bar{B}^*$ bound states from the X(3872) and Heavy Quark Symmetry
Creators: name: Nieves, J.
name: Valderrama, M. Pavon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibility and the description of bound states between $B$ and $\bar{B}^*$ mesons. We argue that the existence of such a bound state can be deduced from (i) the weakly bound X(3872) state, (ii) certain assumptions about the short range dynamics of the $D\bar{D}^*$ system and (iii) heavy quark symmetry. From these assumptions the binding energy of the possible $B\bar{B}^*$ bound states is determined, first in a theory containing only contact interactions which serves as a straightforward illustration of the method, and then the effects of including the one pion exchange potential are discussed. In this latter case three isoscalar states are predicted: a positive and negative C-parity $^3S_1-{}^3D_1$ state with a binding energy of $20\,{\rm MeV}$ and $6\,{\rm MeV}$ below threshold respectively, and a positive C-parity $^3P_0$ shallow state located almost at the $B\bar{B}^*$ threshold. However, large uncertainties are generated as a consequence of the $1/m_Q$ corrections from heavy quark symmetry. Finally, the newly discovered isovector $Z_b(10610)$ state can be easily accommodated within the present framework by a minor modification of the short range dynamics.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures; a sign error in the potential has been corrected and new predictions have been computed
Parity proofs of the Kochen-Specker theorem based on the 24 rays of Peres
Creators: name: Waegell, Mordecai
name: Aravind, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A diagrammatic representation is given of the 24 rays of Peres that makes it easy to pick out all the 512 parity proofs of the Kochen-Specker theorem contained in them. The origin of this representation in the four-dimensional geometry of the rays is pointed out.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures and 3 tables. Three references have been added. Minor typos have been corrected
Amtliche Mitteilungen der Technischen Universität Dortmund Nr. 19/2021
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 080

description: Promotionsordnung der Fakultät Statistik der Technischen Universität Dortmund vom 22. September 2021
description: Amtliche Mitteilungen der Technischen Universität Dortmund;2021;19
The sparticle spectrum in Minimal gaugino-Gauge Mediation
Creators: name: Auzzi, Roberto
name: Giveon, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the sparticle mass spectrum in the minimal four-dimensional construction that interpolates between gaugino mediation and ordinary gauge mediation.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures; V2: refs. added; V3: some typos corrected
From higher-order Kerr nonlinearities to quantitative modeling of 3rd and 5th harmonic generation in argon
Creators: name: Béjot, P.
name: Hertz, E.
name: Lavorel, B.
name: Kasparian, J.
name: Wolf, J. -P.
name: Faucher, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent measurement of negative higher-order Kerr effect (HOKE) terms in gases has given rise to a controversial debate, fed by its impact on short laser pulse propagation. By comparing the experimentally measured yield of the third and fifth harmonics, with both an analytical and a full comprehensive numerical propagation model, we confirm the absolute and relative values of the reported HOKE indices.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures