cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Construction and performance of polar codes for transmission over the AWGN channel
Creators: name: Tahir, Bashar
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Polar codes
subject: channel coding
subject: code construction

description: Polar codes attracted a lot of attention since they were introduced by Arkan in 2008 [1]. They are the rst practical codes that are proven to achieve the channel capacity at in nite length. The eld of polar coding is an active eld of research, and one of its main topics is the code construction. The construction of polar codes involves nding the set of the most unreliable bit positions, usually called the Frozen set. The complement set is then used to transport information bits. In this thesis, we look at polar codes operating over the Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel and we consider two topics: their construction, and their performance against Turbo and Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes. In the rst part, we start with some construction algorithms that are frequently used, and then we show a new construction algorithm and demonstrate its performance. For the second part, we review the state-ofthe- art turbo and LDPC architectures and we benchmark their performance against polar codes.
description: Polar codes attracted a lot of attention since they were introduced by Arkan in 2008 [1]. They are the rst practical codes that are proven to achieve the channel capacity at in nite length. The eld of polar coding is an active eld of research, and one of its main topics is the code construction. The construction of polar codes involves nding the set of the most unreliable bit positions, usually called the Frozen set. The complement set is then used to transport information bits. In this thesis, we look at polar codes operating over the Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel and we consider two topics: their construction, and their performance against Turbo and Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes. In the rst part, we start with some construction algorithms that are frequently used, and then we show a new construction algorithm and demonstrate its performance. For the second part, we review the state-ofthe- art turbo and LDPC architectures and we benchmark their performance against polar codes.
Kolmogorov and Aleksandrov in Sevan Monastery, Armenia, 1929
Creators: name: Gurzadyan, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the summer of 1929 Andrei Kolmogorov and Pavel Aleksandrov visited lake Sevan in Armenia and lived in a cell in the monastery on the island. During about a month they not only enjoyed the beauties of the lake, but actively continued their research, Alexandrov working on "Aleksandrov-Hopf" (P.Alexandroff, H.Hopf, Topologie, Berlin, 1935), Kolmogorov on the paper "On analytic methods in the theory of probability". Both mathematicians mentioned Sevan in their memoirs many decades later. They visited also other sites of Armenia and climbed Mt.Aragatz.
Additional file 6 of DiCoExpress: a tool to process multifactorial RNAseq experiments from quality controls to co-expression analysis through differential analysis based on contrasts inside GLM models
Creators: name: Lambert, Ilana
name: Roux, Christine Paysant-Le
name: Colella, Stefano
name: Martin-Magniette, Marie-Laure
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 6. Comparison of DEG lists and clusters of co-expression.
Additional file 1 of Prevalence and burden of orthopaedic implantable-device infections in Italy: a hospital-based national study
Creators: name: Pirisi, Luca
name: Pennestrì, Federico
name: Viganò, Marco
name: Banfi, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Orthopaedic implantation procedures and infection diagnoses identified by the focus group, based on ICD-9-CM (International Classification of Diseases - 9th revision - Clinical Modification). The table contains the ICD-9-CM codes of procedure and diagnosis which the focus group has attributed to orthopaedic implantation device-related infections (see Methods section).
Mechanizmy wsparcia finansowego energetyki odnawialnej w Polsce i krajach Europy
Creators: name: Bukowski, Marcin
name: Bukowski, Marcin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: green certificates
subject: feed-in tariffs
subject: renewable sources of energy
subject: / ceny gwarantowane
subject: energetyka odnawialna
subject: zielone certyfikaty

description: Promotion of renewable sources of energy is one of main purposes of the EU energy policy. The article presents a comparison of financial support mechanisms for renewable energy in Poland and in selected European countries. It shows two main systems of support: green certificates and feed-in tariffs. / Synopsis. Promocja produkcji energii z odnawialnych źródeł jest jednym z głównych celi europejskiej polityki energetycznej. Artykuł przedstawia porównanie stosowanego w Polsce i w wybranych krajach UE mechanizmu wsparcia finansowego energetyki odnawialnej. Omówione zostały dwa najczęstsze systemy promocji: mechanizm zielonych certyfikatów oraz cen gwarantowanych.
Additional file 1 of SDePER: a hybrid machine learning and regression method for cell-type deconvolution of spatial barcoding-based transcriptomic data
Creators: name: Liu, Yunqing
name: Li, Ningshan
name: Qi, Ji
name: Xu, Gang
name: Zhao, Jiayi
name: Wang, Nating
name: Huang, Xiayuan
name: Jiang, Wenhao
name: Wei, Huanhuan
name: Justet, Aurélien
name: Adams, Taylor S.
name: Homer, Robert
name: Amei, Amei
name: Rosas, Ivan O.
name: Kaminski, Naftali
name: Wang, Zuoheng
name: Yan, Xiting
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Sensitivity of finite size effects to the boundary conditions and the vacuum term
Creators: name: Kovács, Győző
name: Kovács, Péter
name: Lo, Pok Man
name: Redlich, Krzysztof
name: Wolf, György
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finite volume effects are studied both with low-momentum cutoff and with momentum discretization in the framework of an (axial)vector meson extended quark-meson model with Polyakov-loop variables. In the momentum cutoff scenario, the CEP moves to lower temperatures and larger quark chemical potentials as the characteristic system size is reduced, however, the treatment of the vacuum term significantly affects its trajectory. The size dependence of the baryon fluctuations is also studied by the kurtosis and the skewness, both of which show moderate dependence on temperature and some dependence on quark chemical potential. The order of the phase transition is also studied near the chiral limit at finite system size and found to be second-order only at vanishing explicit breaking. The implementation of the finite size effect with momentum discretization is more complicated and shows peculiar behavior due to the different modes dropping below the Fermi surface and strong dependence on the type of the boundary condition chosen. We found that both the different boundary conditions and the treatment of the vacuum term cause significant changes in the trajectory of the CEP as the characteristic system size is changed.
description: 20 pages, 24 figures
Electronic isotope shift factors for the Ir $5d^{7}6s^{2} \ ^{4}\!F_{9/2} \to (\mbox{odd},J= 9/2)$ line at 247.587 nm
Creators: name: Schiffmann, Sacha
name: Godefroid, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the theoretical calculations of the electronic isotope shift factors of the $5d^{7}6s^{2} \ ^{4}\!F_{9/2} \to (\mbox{odd},J= 9/2)$ line at 247.587 nm, that were recently used to extract nuclear mean square radii and nuclear deformations of iridium isotopes [Mukai $\textit{et al.}$ (2020)]. The fully relativistic multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock method and the relativistic configuration interaction method were used to perform the atomic structure calculations. Additional properties such as the $\textit{sharing rule}$, Landé $g$ factors or $\textit{phase tracking}$ were employed to ensure an adequate description of the targeted odd level.
description: 33 pages
Dochodowość uprawy wybranych roślin strączkowych a ryzyko dochodowe i produkcyjne
Creators: name: Czerwińska-Kayzer, Dorota
name: Florek, Joanna
name: Czerwińska-Kayzer, Dorota
name: Florek, Joanna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: risk
subject: price risk
subject: production risk
subject: legumes
subject: / ryzyko dochodowe
subject: ryzyko cenowe
subject: ryzyko produkcyjne
subject: rośliny strączkowe

description: In recent years, the possibility of increasing production of legumes, whose area of cultivation has decreased, is being considered. It has been influenced by the yield variability which adversely affected the profitability of these plants cultivation. This paper attempts to assess the risk in production of selected legumes. The analysis shows that the income risk in legumes cultivation is high. To a large extent it is determined by the production risk (yield variability). / Synopsis. W ostatnich latach rozważa się możliwość zwiększenia produkcji roślin strączkowych, których powierzchnia uprawy zmniejszyła się. Jednym z czynników tej zmiany była zmienność plonowania, co niekorzystnie wpływało na opłacalność uprawy tych roślin. W związku z tym podjęto próbę oceny dochodowości i ryzyka dochodowego wybranych roślin strączkowych. Z przeprowadzonej analizy wynika, że uprawy roślin strączkowych cechują się niską dochodowością, a ryzyko dochodowe jest wysokie. W dużej mierze zdeterminowane jest ono ryzykiem produkcyjnym (zmiennością plonów).
A Data-Driven Technique Using Millisecond Transients to Measure the Milky Way Halo
Creators: name: Platts, E.
name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
name: Law, Casey J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new technique to constrain the line-of-sight integrated electron density of our Galactic halo $\text{DM}_\text{MW,halo}$ through analysis of the observed dispersion measure distributions of pulsars $\text{DM}_\text{pulsar}$ and fast radio bursts $\text{DM}_\text{FRB}$. We model these distributions, correcting for the Galactic interstellar medium, with kernel density estimation---well-suited to the small data regime---to find lower/upper bounds to the corrected $\text{DM}_\text{pulsar}$/$\text{DM}_\text{FRB}$ distributions: $\max[\text{DM}_\text{pulsar}] \approx 7\pm2 \text{ (stat)} \pm 9 \text{ (sys) pc cm}^{-3}$ and $\min[\text{DM}_\text{FRB}] \approx 63^{+27}_{-21} \text{ (stat)} \pm 9 \text{ (sys) pc cm}^{-3}$. Using bootstrap resampling to estimate uncertainties, we set conservative limits on the Galactic halo dispersion measure $-2 < \text{DM}_\text{MW,halo} < 123 \text{pc cm}^{-3}$ (95\% c.l.). The upper limit is especially conservative because it may include a non-negligible contribution from the FRB host galaxies and a non-zero contribution from the cosmic web. It strongly disfavors models where the Galaxy has retained the majority of its baryons with a density profile tracking the presumed dark matter density profile. Last, we perform Monte Carlo simulations of larger FRB samples to validate our technique and assess the sensitivity of ongoing and future surveys. We recover bounds of several tens $\text{pc cm}^{-3}$ which may be sufficient to test whether the Galaxy has retained a majority of its baryonic mass. We estimate that a sample of several thousand FRBs will significantly tighten constraints on $\text{DM}_\text{MW,halo}$ and offer a valuable complement to other analyses.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Uwarunkowania makroekonomiczne finansowego wsparcia rolnictwa w krajach BRCS
Creators: name: Czyżewski, Andrzej
name: Kułyk, Piotr
name: Czyżewski, Andrzej
name: Kułyk, Piotr
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Production Economics
subject: agricultural policy
subject: financial support for agriculture
subject: globalization
subject: / polityka rolna
subject: finansowe wsparcie rolnictwa
subject: globalizacja

description: The aim of the article is to present changes emerging in the agricultural policy of dynamically developing countries in the conditions of globalization. The elaboration pays attention to the specificity of dynamically developing states defined as BRCS countries. The changes taking place in the macroeconomic surrounding were presented, with special reference to the economic policy realized in these countries. The impact of macroeconomic factors (expressed by indicators) on changes in the financial support of agricultural sector was taken into consideration. In many of these states in the initial period of the analysis, we dealt with a depreciation of agriculture in relation to other segments of economy. However, due to emerging transformations, it is possible to notice retransfers in both structure and amount of support, which raises the role of the level of economic development and of the obtained macroeconomic balance. / Synopsis. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie zmian zachodzących w polityce rolnej w dynamicznie rozwijających się krajach w warunkach globalizacji. W opracowaniu zwrócono uwagę na specyfikę państw określanych, jako kraje BRCS. Zaprezentowano zmiany dokonujące się w otoczeniu makroekonomicznym, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem polityki gospodarczej realizowanej w tych krajach. Uwzględniono oddziaływanie zjawisk makroekonomicznych (wyrażonych za pośrednictwem wskaźników) na zmiany w finansowym wsparciu sektora rolnego. W wielu z tych państw w początkowym okresie analizy mieliśmy do czynienia z deprecjonowaniem rolnictwa w stosunku do innych segmentów gospodarki. Jednak w wyniku zachodzących przemian można zauważyć przesunięcia zarówno w strukturze, jak i w wielkości finansowego wsparcia, co podnosi znaczenie poziomu rozwoju gospodarczego i uzyskiwanej równowagi makroekonomicznej.
Branching Instabilities in Rapid Fracture: Dynamics and Geometry
Creators: name: Bouchbinder, Eran
name: Mathiesen, Joachim
name: Procaccia, Itamar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a theoretical model for branching instabilities in 2-dimensional fracture, offering predictions for when crack branching occurs, how multiple cracks develop, and what is the geometry of multiple branches. The model is based on equations of motion for crack tips which depend only on the time dependent stress intensity factors. The latter are obtained by invoking an approximate relation between static and dynamic stress intensity factors, together with an essentially exact calculation of the static ones. The results of this model are in good agreement with a sizeable quantity of experimental data.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
title: Wilderness And Aesthetic Values In The Antarctic
Creators: name: Codling, Rosamunde Jill
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1999

description: The 1991 Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty requires parties: 'to identify within a systematic environmental-geographical framework ... areas of outstanding aesthetic and wilderness value' (Annex V, article 3.2). In order to develop these frameworks, procedures and techniques used in environmental planning are considered for their applicability and practicality in the severe Antarctic environment. The phrase in the Protocol is taken as two separate topics. Concepts of wilderness are examined first, and it is concluded that the whole continent should be seen as wilderness, with this designation being modified only for those areas in which human influence is visible. In order to understand 'aesthetic values', interpretations given to landscape are considered, before examining the techniques developed in the United Kingdom for landscape assessment, and those used in the United States which are termed visual resource management. Procedures, primarily based on the most recent practice in the United Kingdom, are developed, before testing by fieldwork on the Peninsula. Landscape assessment is seen as a widescale planning procedure, distinct from, though essential to, the site-specific techniques required for environmental impact assessment (EIA). Objective description and classification of the landscape forms the basis of the methodology, with subjective aspects following in the form of clearly stated criteria so as to identify 'areas of outstanding value'. During evaluation comparisons may only be made on a 'like with like' basis, eg glaciers with glaciers, islands with islands. If desired, areas may then be designated under the procedures given in the Protocol.
Gospodarka wodno-ściekowa w przedsiębiorstwach mleczarskich po wstąpieniu Polski do Unii Europejskiej
Creators: name: Hadryjańska, Barbara
name: Hadryjańska, Barbara
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Public Economics
subject: water supply and sewage disposal
subject: dairy companies
subject: environmental protection
subject: / gospodarka wodno-ściekowa
subject: przedsiębiorstwa mleczarskie
subject: ochrona środowiska

description: The paper presents water supply and sewage disposal in milk processing factories and changes in this respect following Poland’s accession to the EU. A survey was conducted in dairy companies located in the western part of Poland. They were enterprises which employed more than 9 person. 50 enterprises constituted the examined population, among which 30 replied to the questionnaire. individuals they carried from examin ations. In particular, the examination concerned the assessment of degree of consumed water savings and the minimization of sewers created in the manufacturing process of dairy products. The research questionnaire form consisted of four parts. In order to assess the changes which occurred in Polish dairy enterprises after including Poland into the framework of the European Union, the questions concerning pro-environmental actions in water and sewage economy applied to the current period and the period directly preceding joining the EU. / Synopsis. W pracy przedstawiono gospodarkę wodno-ściekową oraz zmiany, jakie zaszły w tym zakresie po wstąpieniu Polski do UE. Badaniom ankietowym poddano przedsiębiorstwa mleczarskie usytuowane w zachodniej części Polski. Były to przedsiębiorstwa, które zatrudniały powyżej 9 osób. Próbę generalną badanej populacji stanowiło 50 przedsiębiorstw, z czego wśród 30 jednostek przeprowadzono ankietyzację. W szczególności badania dotyczyły oceny stopnia ograniczenia zużycia wody oraz minimalizacji ilości ścieków powstających w procesie produkcji wyrobów mleczarskich. Przeprowadzono je w oparciu o kwestionariusz ankietowy składający się z czterech części. Dla odnotowania zmian, jakie zaszły w polskich przedsiębiorstwach mleczarskich po włączeniu Polski w struktury Unii Europejskiej, pytania dotyczące działań prośrodowiskowych z zakresu gospodarki wodno-ściekowej dotyczyły okresu bieżącego oraz okresu bezpośrednio poprzedzającego wstąpienie do UE.
Crossover of spin Hall to quantum anomalous Hall effect in PbC/MnSe heterostructures
Creators: name: Chen, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study topological properties and Hall conductivities in PbC/MnSe heterostructure under the illumination of a circularly polarized light. At high frequency regime, energy gap, Chern numbers, and Hall conductivities are studied based on the Floquet theory and Green's function formalism, respectively. The interplay between spin orbit coupling and light leads to topological phase transition between anomalous Hall states and spin Hall states, which is related to the emission and absorption of two virtual photons. The anomalous Hall conductivities are dependent on polarization of light, while the spin Hall conductivity is independent.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Wpływ handlu zagranicznego z Rosją na wielkość PKB Polski ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem handlu rolno-spożywczego
Creators: name: Kacperska, Elżbieta
name: Kacperska, Elżbieta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: agro-food products
subject: Polish international trade
subject: multiplier effect
subject: Russia
subject: / produkty rolno-spożywcze
subject: polski handel zagraniczny
subject: mnożnik eksportowy
subject: Rosja

description: The influence of international trade on the growth of GDP has undergone some changes in time. The paper presents national trade between Poland and Russia with a special emphasis on the agro-food trade. The paper includes an estimation of the effects in Polish national income obtained through trade with Russia, including the agro-food trade. / Synopsis. Wpływ handlu zagranicznego na wielkość PKB ma swoje podstawy w teorii ekonomii. Związki te ulegały zmianom w czasie. W opracowaniu przedstawiono wielkości obrotów handlowych pomiędzy Polską a Rosją ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem handlu rolno-spożywczego. Praca zawiera szacunki efektów dochodowych Polski uzyskiwane z handlu z Rosją, w tym z handlu rolno-spożywczego.
Hip fractures : understanding the mechanism and seeking prevention through prophylactic augmentation of the proximal femur
Creators: name: De Bakker, Peter Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Introduction: In addition to having increased mortality and decreased mobility, hip fiacture patients are more likely to sustain a second hip fracture than people who have never fractured a hip. There is currently no surgical technique that can be used to instantly strengthen the contralateral femur. Objectives: The primary objective was to evaluate the mechanical feasibility of augmenting the proximal femur with a novel implant to prevent hip fracture. This involved developing implants to prevent proximal femur fracture and quantifying the effect of the implants on the propensity of femurs to fracture. The secondary objective was to describe the initiation and progression of proximal femur failure during hip fracture to better understand the injury mechanism. Methods: Four cadaveric femurs were fractured in a fall configuration while being filmed with a high-speed camera. Visual analysis of the video images was used to describe the initiation and progression of fracture. Eight implant designs were developed and assessed with a finite-element model of a proximal femur. Of these designs, the Carbon Sleeve and Gamma Nail implants underwent a preliminary experimental assessment using a single pair of femurs. The Neck- Contouring Composite was further investigated using four pairs of femurs to compare to the Femoroplasty concept, which was assessed with three pairs of femurs. Results: In the hip fracture mechanism experiments, the four femurs were found to fail in a two stage process, with fracture initiating in the superior neck followed by a second failure in the inferior neck or intertrochanteric region. The preliminary experimental assessment of the Carbon Sleeve a nd Gamma Nail implants found that neither had a large effect on femur strength, with differences in failure load between control and augmented femurs of -8% and +1% respectively. The Femoroplasty implants had failure loads that were 24% higher that controls (p = 0.071). The Neck-contouring Composite implants had failure loads that were 18% higher than controls (p = 0.095). Summary and Conclusion: Hip fractures were seen to occur in a two stage process with failure initiating in the superior neck. Although only four specimens were tested, these experiments point to the superior neck as a region of interest for the development of screening tools for hip fracture risk assessment, targeted therapy for bone strengthening and surgical prophylaxis. The augmentation experiments found that it was possible to increase in the strength of the proximal femur by up to 24%.
Additional file 5 of DiCoExpress: a tool to process multifactorial RNAseq experiments from quality controls to co-expression analysis through differential analysis based on contrasts inside GLM models
Creators: name: Lambert, Ilana
name: Roux, Christine Paysant-Le
name: Colella, Stefano
name: Martin-Magniette, Marie-Laure
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 5.Brassica napus GLM contrasts results. Organisation of the genes impacted in their transcription by the silicon treatment issued from the GLM differential analysis. (A) Venn diagram describing the numbers of differentially expressed genes in the three contrasts [MatureLeaf_NoSi-MatureLeaf_Si], [Root_NoSi-Root_Si] and [MatureLeaf_NoSi-MatureLeaf_Si]-[Root_NoSi-Root_Si], and their overlaps: (B) Gene expression of genes representative of each group of the Venn diagram (described with small letters from a to g).
An anthropomorphic thyroid phantom for ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation of nodules
Creators: name: Boers, Tim
name: Brink, Wyger
name: Bianchi, Leonardo
name: Saccomandi, Paola
name: van Hespen, Johan
name: Wennemars, Germen
name: Braak, Sicco
name: Versluis, Michel
name: Manohar, Srirang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: Needle-based procedures such as fine needle aspiration (FNA) and thermal ablation, are often applied for thyroid nodule diagnosis and therapeutic purposes, respectively. With blood vessels and nerves nearby, these procedures can pose risks in damaging surrounding critical structures. Purpose: The development and validation of innovative strategies to manage these risks require a test object with well-characterized physical properties. For this work, we focus on the application of ultrasound-guided thermal radio-frequency ablation (RFA). Methods: We have developed an anthropomorphic phantom mimicking the thyroid and surrounding anatomical and physiological structures that are relevant to ultrasound-guided thermal ablation. The phantom was composed of a mixture of polyacrylamide, water, and egg white extract and was cast using molds in multiple steps. The thermal, acoustical, and electrical characteristics were experimentally validated. The ablation zones were analyzed via non-destructive T2-weighted MRI scans utilizing the relaxometry changes of coagulated egg albumen, and the temperature distribution was monitored using an array of fiber Bragg sensors. Results: The physical properties of the phantom were verified both on ultrasound as well as its response to thermal ablation. The final temperature achieved (92°C), the median percentage of the nodule ablated (82.1%), the median volume ablated outside the nodule (0.8 mL), and the median number of critical structures affected (0) were quantified. Conclusion: An anthropomorphic phantom that can provide a realistic model for development and training in ultrasound-guided needle-based thermal interventions for thyroid nodules has been presented. In the future, this model can also be extended to novel needle-based diagnostic procedures.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables
title: Beiträge zur Laboralterung von bituminösen Materialien
Creators: name: Skledar, Christopher
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: bituminösen Materialien

description: Um die Lebensdauer von Asphalt beurteilen zu können, muss man die Veränderung der Eigenschaften über die Zeit kennen. Diese Veränderung ist entweder durch eine langjährige Beobachtung der Straßen über 5 – 10 Jahre möglich oder durch unterschiedliche Methoden zeitraffend im Labor simulierbar. Neben einer Literaturrecherche umfasst diese Arbeit mehrere Prüfprogramme welche an ungealterten, kurz- und langzeitgealterten Bitumenproben durchgeführt werden. Das erste Prüfprogramm beleuchtet eine eventuelle Streuung ungealterter Frischbitumen gleicher Charge (Kapitel 5). Da Probekörper für eine weiterführende Langzeitalterung erstmals eine Kurzzeitalterung bei der Probeplattenherstellung erfahren, wird in einem weiteren Prüfprogramm die Vergleichbarkeit der Probeplatten überprüft (Kapitel 6). Um die Verläufe der Langzeitalterung mittels PAV auch in den zwischenliegenden Alterungsniveaus zu bestimmen, nicht nur im Start- und Endniveau, wird ein auf diese Fragestellung abgestimmtes Prüfprogramm durchgeführt (Kapitel 7). Speziell für die Langzeitalterung wurden optimierte Methoden angewandt und das Material auf die somit veränderten Eigenschaften geprüft. Eine Möglichkeit der Abgrenzung der thermischen von der oxidativen Alterung wird durch ein umfassendes Prüfprogramm beleuchtet (Kapitel 8). Das letzte Prüfprogramm ist eine Untersuchung, welche oxidativen Gase sich für eine Langzeitalterung von Asphalt Probekörpern eignen (Kapitel 9).
description: To be able to assess the lifespan of asphalt mixtures, one must know the change in properties over time. Analyzing changes in properties can be carried out either by long-term observation of the roads over 5 – 10 years or can be simulated by different methods in the laboratory. In addition to a literature research, this thesis includes a test program which is carried out on unaged, short- and long-term-aged bitumen samples. The first stage of the test program investigates the scattering of fresh bitumen of the same batch (chapter 5). Since test specimens experience a short-term aging in hot mix asphalt slab production, the comparability of the hot mix asphalt slabs is checked in a further stage of the test program (Chapter 6). To investigate the evolution of the long-term aging by means of PAV aging duration, a third stage of the test program adapted to this question is carried out (Chapter 7). One way of distinguishing between thermal and oxidative aging is covered by a comprehensive test program (Chapter 8). The last stage of the test program is to investigate the impact of different gases on the long-term aging of hot mix asphalt test specimens (Chapter 9).
Binary-induced spiral arms inside the disc cavity of AB Aurigae
Creators: name: Poblete, Pedro P.
name: Calcino, Josh
name: Cuello, Nicolás
name: Macías, Enrique
name: Ribas, Álvaro
name: Price, Daniel J.
name: Cuadra, Jorge
name: Pinte, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we demonstrate that the inner spiral structure observed in AB Aurigae can be created by a binary star orbiting inside the dust cavity. We find that a companion with a mass-ratio of 0.25, semi-major axis of 40 au, eccentricity of 0.5, and inclination of 90° produces gaseous spirals closely matching the ones observed in $^{12}$CO (2-1) line emission. Based on dust dynamics in circumbinary discs (Poblete, Cuello, and Cuadra 2019), we constrain the inclination of the binary with respect to the circumbinary disc to range between 60° and 90°. We predict that the stellar companion is located roughly 0.18 arcsec from the central star towards the east-southeast, above the plane of the disc. Should this companion be detected in the near future, our model indicates that it should be moving away from the primary star at a rate of 6 mas/yr on the plane of the sky. Since our companion is inclined, we also predict that the spiral structure will appear to change with time, and not simply co-rotate with the companion.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 11 Pages, 7 Figures
Software Code Quality Measurement: Implications from Metric Distributions
Creators: name: Jin, Siyuan
name: Zhang, Mianmian
name: Guo, Yekai
name: He, Yuejiang
name: Li, Ziyuan
name: Chen, Bichao
name: Zhu, Bing
name: Xia, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software code quality is a construct with three dimensions: maintainability, reliability, and functionality. Although many firms have incorporated code quality metrics in their operations, evaluating these metrics still lacks consistent standards. We categorized distinct metrics into two types: 1) monotonic metrics that consistently influence code quality; and 2) non-monotonic metrics that lack a consistent relationship with code quality. To consistently evaluate them, we proposed a distribution-based method to get metric scores. Our empirical analysis includes 36,460 high-quality open-source software (OSS) repositories and their raw metrics from SonarQube and CK. The evaluated scores demonstrate great explainability on software adoption. Our work contributes to the multi-dimensional construct of code quality and its metric measurements, which provides practical implications for consistent measurements on both monotonic and non-monotonic metrics.
description: The paper has been accepted for presentation at IEEE QRS 2023. Unfortunately, due to authorship limits, Mianmian Zhang, Yekai Guo, and Yuejiang He could not be included as co-authors. However, we gratefully acknowledge their valuable contributions to this work and use this arXiv version to prove their contributions
Elliptic, Parabolic and Hyperbolic Analytic Function Theory--0: Geometry of Domains
Creators: name: Kisil, Vladimir V.
name: Biswas, Debapriya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30G35, 22E46

description: This paper lays down a foundation for a systematic treatment of three main (elliptic, parabolic and hyperbolic) types of analytic function theory based on the representation theory of SL(2,R) group. We describe here geometries of corresponding domains. The principal role is played by Clifford algebras of matching types. Keywords: analytic function theory, semisimple groups, elliptic, parabolic, hyperbolic, Clifford algebras
description: 14 pages, AMS-LaTeX, 31 PS graphcs in 7 Figures; v2--the missing PS file is included now; v3 minor corrections, reference added; v4 numerous misprints corrected
Pozycja konkurencyjna polskiego sektora rolno-żywnościowego na rynkach krajów Wspólnoty Niepodległych Państw
Creators: name: Kita, Katarzyna
name: Poczta, Walenty
name: Kita, Katarzyna
name: Poczta, Walenty
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: agricultural trade
subject: competitive advantage
subject: the European Union
subject: CIS
subject: / handel rolny
subject: przewaga konkurencyjna
subject: Unia Europejska
subject: Wspólnota Niepodległych Państw

description: The study is an attempt to define the role of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) in the Polish foreign agri-food trade and to examine the competitive position of agri-food products made in Poland in the markets of the CIS group of states in 2000-2009. A deliberately selected set of ex post indicators of the competitive position were used in the paper. / Synopsis. Artykuł wskazuje na rolę krajów Wspólnoty Niepodległych Państw w polskim handlu zagranicznym artykułami rolno-spożywczymi oraz prezentuje wyniki analizy pozycji konkurencyjnej artykułów rolno-żywnościowych wytwarzanych w Polsce na rynkach WNP w latach 2000-2009. W opracowaniu wykorzystano celowo dobrany zestaw ilościowych mierników międzynarodowej pozycji konkurencyjnej ex post.
Additional file 2 of Reliability assessment of the ‘field audit for children’s active transport routes to school’ (FACTS) tool
Creators: name: Vasey, Thomas V.
name: Dale, Michael J.
name: Carroll, Suzanne J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2
An analytical approximation of the scalar spectrum in the ultra-slow-roll inflationary models
Creators: name: Liu, Jing
name: Guo, Zong-Kuan
name: Cai, Rong-Gen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ultra-slow-roll (USR) inflationary models predict large-amplitude scalar perturbations at small scales which can lead to the primordial black hole production and scalar-induced gravitational waves. In general scalar perturbations in the USR models can only be obtained using numerical method because the usual slow-roll approximation breaks. In this work, we propose an analytical approach to estimate the scalar spectrum which is consistent with the numerical result. We find that the USR inflationary models predict a peak with power-law slopes in the scalar spectrum and energy spectrum of gravitational waves, and we derive the expression of the spectral indexes in terms of the inflationary potential. In turn, the inflationary potential near the USR regime can be reconstructed from the negative spectral index of the gravitational wave energy spectrum.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Fluctuation theorems and expected utility hypothesis
Creators: name: Francica, Gianluca
name: Dell'Anna, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The expected utility hypothesis is a popular concept in economics that is useful for making decisions when the payoff is uncertain. In this paper, we investigate the implications of a fluctuation theorem in the theory of expected utility. In particular, we wonder whether entropy could serve as a guideline for gambling. We prove the existence of a bound involving the certainty equivalent which depends on the entropy produced. Then, we examine the dependence of the certainty equivalent on the entropy by looking at specific situations, in particular the work extraction from a nonequilibrium initial state.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, comments welcome
Beyond Time II: Dual-Boundary Emergence of Temporality from Relativistic and Thermodynamic Limits
Creators: name: Yildirim, Kubilay
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Note: This paper is a direct follow-up to the original whitepaper, Beyond Time: A Proposal to Reframe the Role of Light-Speed as the Foundational Boundary of Perceived Temporality. It extends the hypothesis by incorporating thermodynamic extremities (absolute zero) as co-determinants of temporal emergence alongside the relativistic speed of light. Readers are encouraged to consult the foundational paper for the initial framing of time as an emergent property rooted in subluminal motion.

 

Abstract:

This paper proposes a conceptual shift in our understanding of time: rather than being a fundamental dimension of the universe, time may be an emergent property arising from boundary conditions defined by the speed of light (c) and the absolute zero of thermodynamic energy (0 K). The hypothesis posits that only systems existing between these extremes—those moving below the speed of light and above absolute zero—experience distinguishable state transitions, which we interpret as time. This view links relativistic and thermodynamic perspectives into a single emergent framework, challenging the spacetime continuum paradigm and reframing time as a scalar rate of internal change conditioned by physical deviation from both extremes.
Drowsy Cheetah Hunting Antelopes: A Diffusing Predator Seeking Fleeing Prey
Creators: name: Winkler, Karen
name: Bray, Alan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a system of three random walkers (a `cheetah' surrounded by two `antelopes') diffusing in one dimension. The cheetah and the antelopes diffuse, but the antelopes experience in addition a deterministic relative drift velocity, away from the cheetah, proportional to their distance from the cheetah, such that they tend to move away from the cheetah with increasing time. Using the backward Fokker-Planck equation we calculate, as a function of their initial separations, the probability that the cheetah has caught neither antelope after infinite time.
description: 5 pages
Zaangażowanie Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej w rozwój rolnictwa w Afryce
Creators: name: Krukowska, Monika
name: Krukowska, Monika
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: China
subject: Africa
subject: agriculture
subject: cooperation
subject: / Chiny
subject: Afryka
subject: rolnictwo
subject: współpraca

description: With over a billion people in Africa, the issue of agricultural development and food security is extremely important. The paper investigates the historical engagement of China in the economic cooperation with Africa, as well as the Chinese and African alimentary needs leading to enhanced interest in bilateral collaboration and assistance. Different aspects of the Chinese agricultural commitment in Africa are discussed. / Synopsis. Problem rozwoju rolnictwa i bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego pozostaje jednym z kluczowych wyzwań współczesnej Afryki. W artykule przedstawiono historyczne zaangażowanie Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej(ChRL) we współpracę gospodarczą z krajami Afryki oraz czynniki skłaniające państwa Afryki i ChRL do pogłębiania kooperacji w sektorze rolnym. Analizie poddano różne formy chińskiego zaangażowania we współpracę rolną z krajami Afryki.
Polski handel zagraniczny produktami rolno-spożywczymi z wybranymi krajami UE-15 w latach 2005-2011
Creators: name: Krzemiński, Marcin
name: Krzemiński, Marcin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Production Economics
subject: trade
subject: exports
subject: imports
subject: balance
subject: structure
subject: EU-15
subject: / handel zagraniczny
subject: eksport
subject: import
subject: saldo
subject: struktura
subject: UE-15

description: General information about Polish agri-food trade with six selected EU-15 countries after Polish accession is presented. Number of population in the chosen countries is similar and they have a high developed agriculture. The trade with these countries has a different turnover volume, value, structure and balance. Results of survey show that in the trade with all selected countries we observe an increase of exports and imports, but the scale of increase was lower than in the trade with countries that joined the EU in 2004. / Synopsis. W artykule przedstawiono podstawowe dane dotyczące obrotów rolno-spożywczych z sześcioma wybranymi krajami UE-15 po przystąpieniu Polski do UE. Kraje te posiadają zbliżoną liczbę ludności i charakteryzują się wysokorozwiniętym rolnictwem. Wielkość obrotów handlu rolno-spożywczego z każdym z tych krajów jest inna; handel z nimi różni się również strukturą towarową obrotów i saldem. Inne było również tempo zmian obrotów z tymi krajami w analizowanym okresie. Przeprowadzone badania pokazują, że z każdym z analizowanych krajów odnotowano wzrost obrotów w eksporcie i imporcie, jednak łączna skala wzrostu była niższa niż w przypadku handlu z krajami, które przystąpiły do UE w 2004 r.
Fast and Fourier: Extreme Mass Ratio Inspiral Waveforms in the Frequency Domain
Creators: name: Speri, Lorenzo
name: Katz, Michael L.
name: Chua, Alvin J. K.
name: Hughes, Scott A.
name: Warburton, Niels
name: Thompson, Jonathan E.
name: Chapman-Bird, Christian E. A.
name: Gair, Jonathan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extreme Mass Ratio Inspirals (EMRIs) are one of the key sources for future space-based gravitational wave interferometers. Measurements of EMRI gravitational waves are expected to determine the characteristics of their sources with sub-percent precision. However, their waveform generation is challenging due to the long duration of the signal and the high harmonic content. Here, we present the first ready-to-use Schwarzschild eccentric EMRI waveform implementation in the frequency domain for use with either graphics processing units (GPUs) or central processing units (CPUs). We present the overall waveform implementation and test the accuracy and performance of the frequency domain waveforms against the time domain implementation. On GPUs, the frequency domain waveform takes in median $0.044$ seconds to generate and is twice as fast to compute as its time domain counterpart when considering massive black hole masses $\geq 2 \times 10^6 \,{\rm M_\odot}$ and initial eccentricities $e_0 > 0.2$. On CPUs, the median waveform evaluation time is $5$ seconds, and it is five times faster in the frequency domain than in the time domain. Using a sparser frequency array can further speed up the waveform generation, reaching up to $ 0.3$ seconds. This enables us to perform, for the first time, EMRI parameter inference with fully relativistic waveforms on CPUs. Future EMRI models which encompass wider source characteristics (particularly black hole spin and generic orbit geometries) will require significantly more harmonics. Frequency-domain models will be essential analysis tools for these astrophysically realistic and important signals.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures
Rekomendacje miejsc zakupów produktów żywnościowych przez konsumentów
Creators: name: Lipowski, Marcin
name: Angowski, Marek
name: Lipowski, Marcin
name: Angowski, Marek
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: WOM purchasing places
subject: customer behavior on the food market
subject: place of sale

description: The aim of the paper was to identify the frequency and causes of customer feedback on the choice of buying food products. Using an online survey performed surveys 270 respondents. The study was conducted in mid-2013. Consumer recommendations (WOM) on the market food products may not only apply to specific products or brands but also of their place of sales. The aim of the publication is an attempt to indicate the frequency and causes of consumers recommendations on places selling food. The results show a high frequency of such behavior, both in terms of positive and negative recommendations. Consumers claim that the opinions of other people are trustworthy. The main cause of positive WOM is attractive prices, appropriate selection of the products and sales promotion.