cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
BJP isn't Indira's Congress
Creators: name: Barua, Akash
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Government and politics of Asia and the Pacific

description: The article examines the political landscape in India, drawing comparisons between Narendra Modi's regime and Indira Gandhi's second tenure. It analyzes the popularity of Indira Gandhi during the 1970s, her subsequent loss of authority during the National Emergency, and the election of the Janata Party in 1977. The article explores the similarities and differences between Modi and Indira, noting the Bharatiya Janata Party's ambitions beyond electoral supremacy and its focus on societal dominance. It delves into the historical contexts of Indira's Congress and BJP's rise to power, emphasizing the influence of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) on the BJP. It further discusses the contrasting intentions of the two parties, highlighting the BJP's aspirations for cultural hegemony through Hindutva ideology. The article raises concerns about the potential consequences of adopting a Western thought process that contradicts the pluralistic nature of Indian society.
Bounds For The Tail Distribution Of The Sum Of Digits Of Prime Numbers
Creators: name: Naslund, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let s_q(n) denote the base q sum of digits function, which for nalpha(q-1)log_q x}| >>x^{2(1-alpha)}e^{-c(log x)^{1/2+epsilon}} for 1/2
description: 4 pages
Photocurrent-based detection of Terahertz radiation in graphene
Creators: name: Tomadin, Andrea
name: Tredicucci, Alessandro
name: Pellegrini, Vittorio
name: Vitiello, Miriam S.
name: Polini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene is a promising candidate for the development of detectors of Terahertz (THz) radiation. A well-known detection scheme due to Dyakonov and Shur exploits the confinement of plasma waves in a field-effect transistor (FET), whereby a dc photovoltage is generated in response to a THz field. This scheme has already been experimentally studied in a graphene FET [L. Vicarelli et al., Nature Mat. 11, 865 (2012)]. In the quest for devices with a better signal-to-noise ratio, we theoretically investigate a plasma-wave photodetector in which a dc photocurrent is generated in a graphene FET. The rectified current features a peculiar change of sign when the frequency of the incoming radiation matches an even multiple of the fundamental frequency of plasma waves in the FET channel. The noise equivalent power per unit bandwidth of our device is shown to be much smaller than that of a Dyakonov-Shur detector in a wide spectral range.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
The Median Largest Prime Factor
Creators: name: Naslund, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $M(x)$ denote the median largest prime factor of the integers in the interval $[1,x]$. We prove that $$M(x)=x^{\frac{1}{\sqrt{e}}\exp(-\text{li}_{f}(x)/x)}+O_ε(x^{\frac{1}{\sqrt{e}}}e^{-c(\log x)^{3/5-ε}})$$ where $\text{li}_{f}(x)=\int_{2}^{x}\frac{\{x/t\}}{\log t}dt$. From this, we obtain the asymptotic $$M(x)=e^{\frac{γ-1}{\sqrt{e}}}x^{\frac{1}{\sqrt{e}}}(1+O(\frac{1}{\log x})),$$ where $γ$ is the Euler Mascheroni constant. This answers a question posed by Martin, and improves a result of Selfridge and Wunderlich.
description: 7 pages
Fixed point theorems for metric spaces with a conical geodesic bicombing
Creators: name: Basso, Giuliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We derive two fixed point theorems for a class of metric spaces that includes all Banach spaces and all complete Busemann spaces. We obtain our results by the use of a 1-Lipschitz barycenter construction and an existence result for invariant Radon probability measures. Furthermore, we construct a bounded complete Busemann space that admits an isometry without fixed points.
description: 19 pages
Database optimization for empirical interatomic potential models
Creators: name: Zhang, Pinchao
name: Trinkle, Dallas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weighted least squares fitting to a database of quantum mechanical calculations can determine the optimal parameters of empirical potential models. While algorithms exist to provide optimal potential parameters for a given fitting database of structures and their structure property functions, and to estimate prediction errors using Bayesian sampling, defining an optimal fitting database based on potential predictions remains elusive. A testing set of structures and their structure property functions provides an empirical measure of potential transferability. Here, we propose an objective function for fitting databases based on testing set errors. The objective function allows the optimization of the weights in a fitting database, the assessment of the inclusion or removal of structures in the fitting database, or the comparison of two different fitting databases. To showcase this technique, we consider an example Lennard-Jones potential for Ti, where modeling multiple complicated crystal structures is difficult for a radial pair potential. The algorithm finds different optimal fitting databases, depending on the objective function of potential prediction error for a testing set.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures
Upper bounds for sunflower-free sets
Creators: name: Naslund, Eric
name: Sawin, William F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A collection of $k$ sets is said to form a $k$-sunflower, or $Δ$-system, if the intersection of any two sets from the collection is the same, and we call a family of sets $\mathcal{F}$ sunflower-free if it contains no sunflowers. Following the recent breakthrough of Ellenberg and Gijswijt and Croot, Lev and Pach we apply the polynomial method directly to Erdős-Szemerédi sunflower problem and prove that any sunflower-free family $\mathcal{F}$ of subsets of $\{1,2,\dots,n\}$ has size at most \[ |\mathcal{F}|\leq3n\sum_{k\leq n/3}\binom{n}{k}\leq\left(\frac{3}{2^{2/3}}\right)^{n(1+o(1))}. \] We say that a set $A\subset(\mathbb Z/D \mathbb Z)^{n}=\{1,2,\dots,D\}^{n}$ for $D>2$ is sunflower-free if every distinct triple $x,y,z\in A$ there exists a coordinate $i$ where exactly two of $x_{i},y_{i},z_{i}$ are equal. Using a version of the polynomial method with characters $χ:\mathbb{Z}/D\mathbb{Z}\rightarrow\mathbb{C}$ instead of polynomials, we show that any sunflower-free set $A\subset(\mathbb Z/D \mathbb Z)^{n}$ has size \[ |A|\leq c_{D}^{n} \] where $c_{D}=\frac{3}{2^{2/3}}(D-1)^{2/3}$. This can be seen as making further progress on a possible approach to proving the Erdős-Rado sunflower conjecture, which by the work of Alon, Sphilka and Umans is equivalent to proving that $c_{D}\leq C$ for some constant $C$ independent of $D$.
description: 5 pages
Antidurotaxis Droplet Motion onto Gradient Brush Substrates
Creators: name: Kajouri, Russell
name: Theodorakis, Panagiotis E.
name: Židek, Jan
name: Milchev, Andrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Durotaxis motion is a spectacular phenomenon manifesting itself by the autonomous motion of a nano-object between parts of a substrate with different stiffness. This motion usually takes place along a stiffness gradient from softer to stiffer parts of the substrate. Here, we propose a new design of a polymer brush substrate that demonstrates antidurotaxis droplet motion, that is, droplet motion from stiffer to softer parts of the substrate. By carrying out extensive molecular dynamics simulation of a coarse-grained model, we find that antidurotaxis is solely controlled by the gradient in the grafting density of the brush and is favorable for fluids with a strong attraction to the substrate (low surface energy). The driving force of the antidurotaxial motion is the minimization of the droplet-substrate interfacial energy, which is attributed to the penetration of the droplet into the brush. Thus, we anticipate that the proposed substrate design offers a new understanding and possibilities in the area of autonomous motion of droplets for applications in microfluidics, energy conservation, and biology.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Sparse recovery in Wigner-D basis expansion
Creators: name: Bangun, Arya
name: Behboodi, Arash
name: Mathar, Rudolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We are concerned with the recovery of $s-$sparse Wigner-D expansions in terms of $N$ Wigner-D functions. Considered as a generalization of spherical harmonics, Wigner-D functions are eigenfunctions of Laplace-Beltrami operator and form an orthonormal system. However, since they are not uniformly bounded, the existing results on BOS do not apply. Using previously introduced preconditioning technique, a new orthonormal and bounded system is obtained for which RIP property can be established. We show that the number of sufficient samples for sparse recovery scales with ${N}^{1/6} \,s\, \log^3(s) \,\log(N)$. The phase transition diagram for this problem is also presented. We will also discuss the application of our results in the spherical near-field antenna measurement.
description: 10 pages,3 figures, Accepted to IEEE GlobalSIP 2016
Design of a millimetre-scale magnetic surface trap for cold atoms
Creators: name: Trypogeorgos, Dimitris
name: Albright, Stephen D.
name: Beesley, Daniel
name: Foot, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a novel millimetre-scale magnetic trap for ultracold atoms, in which the current carrying conductors can be situated outside the vacuum region, a few mm away from the atoms. This design generates a magnetic field gradient in excess of \SI{1000}{G/cm} at a distance of \SI{2}{mm} from the conductors. We perform electromagnetic and thermo-mechanical characterisation using Finite Element Methods (FEM). The predicted behaviour has been verified by electrical and thermal measurements on a prototype, but has not been implemented on an apparatus with cold atoms. Operating this trap at the highest gradient allows for rapid evaporative cooling comparable to that achieved by atom chips.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
P2O-Calib: Camera-LiDAR Calibration Using Point-Pair Spatial Occlusion Relationship
Creators: name: Wang, Su
name: Zhang, Shini
name: Qiu, Xuchong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The accurate and robust calibration result of sensors is considered as an important building block to the follow-up research in the autonomous driving and robotics domain. The current works involving extrinsic calibration between 3D LiDARs and monocular cameras mainly focus on target-based and target-less methods. The target-based methods are often utilized offline because of restrictions, such as additional target design and target placement limits. The current target-less methods suffer from feature indeterminacy and feature mismatching in various environments. To alleviate these limitations, we propose a novel target-less calibration approach which is based on the 2D-3D edge point extraction using the occlusion relationship in 3D space. Based on the extracted 2D-3D point pairs, we further propose an occlusion-guided point-matching method that improves the calibration accuracy and reduces computation costs. To validate the effectiveness of our approach, we evaluate the method performance qualitatively and quantitatively on real images from the KITTI dataset. The results demonstrate that our method outperforms the existing target-less methods and achieves low error and high robustness that can contribute to the practical applications relying on high-quality Camera-LiDAR calibration.
description: Accepted to IROS 2023. Presentation page: https://events.infovaya.com/presentation?id=103943
The Partition Rank of a Tensor and $k$-Right Corners in $\mathbb{F}_{q}^{n}$
Creators: name: Naslund, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Following the breakthrough of Croot, Lev, and Pach, Tao introduced a symmetrized version of their argument, which is now known as the slice rank method. In this paper, we introduce a more general version of the slice rank of a tensor, which we call the Partition Rank. This allows us to extend the slice rank method to problems that require the variables to be distinct. Using the partition rank, we generalize a recent result of Ge and Shangguan, and prove that any set $A\subset\mathbb{F}_{q}^{n}$ of size \[|A|>\binom{n+(k-1)q}{(k-1)(q-1)}\] contains a $k$-right-corner, that is distinct vectors $x_{1},\dots,x_{k},x_{k+1}$ where $x_{1}-x_{k+1},\dots,x_{k}-x_{k+1}$ are mutually orthogonal, for $q=p^{r}$, a prime power with $p>k$.
description: Updated section 5, as well as the proof for the improved k=2 bound
Exponential Bounds for the Erdős-Ginzburg-Ziv Constant
Creators: name: Naslund, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Erdős-Ginzburg-Ziv constant of an abelian group $G$, denoted $\mathfrak{s}(G)$, is the smallest $k\in\mathbb{N}$ such that any sequence of elements of $G$ of length $k$ contains a zero-sum subsequence of length $\exp(G)$. In this paper, we use the partition rank, which generalizes the slice rank, to prove that for any odd prime $p$, \[ \mathfrak{s}\left(\mathbb{F}_{p}^{n}\right)\leq(p-1)2^{p}\left(J(p)\cdot p\right)^{n} \] where $0.84143$, this is the first exponential improvement to the trivial bound. We also provide a near optimal result conditional on the conjecture that $\left(\mathbb{Z}/k\mathbb{Z}\right)^{n}$ satisfies property $D$, showing that in this case \[ \mathfrak{s}\left(\left(\mathbb{Z}/k\mathbb{Z}\right)^{n}\right)\leq(k-1)4^{n}+k. \]
description: 14 pages. Several updates
Adaptive Target Recognition: A Case Study Involving Airport Baggage Screening
Creators: name: Manerikar, Ankit
name: Prakash, Tanmay
name: Kak, Avinash C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work addresses the question whether it is possible to design a computer-vision based automatic threat recognition (ATR) system so that it can adapt to changing specifications of a threat without having to create a new ATR each time. The changes in threat specifications, which may be warranted by intelligence reports and world events, are typically regarding the physical characteristics of what constitutes a threat: its material composition, its shape, its method of concealment, etc. Here we present our design of an AATR system (Adaptive ATR) that can adapt to changing specifications in materials characterization (meaning density, as measured by its x-ray attenuation coefficient), its mass, and its thickness. Our design uses a two-stage cascaded approach, in which the first stage is characterized by a high recall rate over the entire range of possibilities for the threat parameters that are allowed to change. The purpose of the second stage is to then fine-tune the performance of the overall system for the current threat specifications. The computational effort for this fine-tuning for achieving a desired PD/PFA rate is far less than what it would take to create a new classifier with the same overall performance for the new set of threat specifications.
Classical Casimir-Polder force between polarizable microparticles and thin films including graphene
Creators: name: Klimchitskaya, G. L.
name: Mostepanenko, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive analytic expressions for the classical Casimir-Polder free energy and force for a polarizable (magnetizable) atom (microparticle) interacting with thin films, made of different materials, or graphene. It is shown that for an isolated dielectric film the free energy and force decrease quicker with separation, as compared to the case of atom interacting with a thick plate (semispace). For metallic films some peculiar features depending on the model of a metal used are analyzed. For an atom interacting with graphene we demonstrate that at room temperature the classical regime is achieved at about $1.5\,μ$m separation. In this regime the contributions to the free energy and force due to atomic magnetic polarizability are suppressed, as compared to main terms caused by the atomic electric polarizability. According to our results, at separations above $5\,μ$m the Casimir-Polder interaction of atoms with graphene is of the same strength as with an ideal-metal plane. The classical interaction of atoms with thin films deposited on substrates is also considered.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. A
Computation of maximal projection constants
Creators: name: Basso, Giuliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A30, 54C20, 05C50

description: The linear projection constant $Π(E)$ of a finite-dimensional real Banach space $E$ is the smallest number $C\in [0,+\infty)$ such that $E$ is a $C$-absolute retract in the category of real Banach spaces with bounded linear maps. We denote by $Π_n$ the maximal linear projection constant amongst $n$-dimensional Banach spaces. In this article, we prove that $Π_n$ may be determined by computing eigenvalues of certain two-graphs. From this result we obtain that the relative projection constants of codimension $n$ converge to $1+Π_n$. Furthermore, using the classification of $K_4$-free two-graphs, we give an alternative proof of $Π_2=\frac{4}{3}$. We also show by means of elementary functional analysis that for each integer $n\geq 1$ there exists a polyhedral $n$-dimensional Banach space $F_n$ such that $Π(F_n)=Π_n$.
description: 27 pages
Molecular dynamics simulation of the coalescence of surfactant-laden droplets
Creators: name: Arbabi, Soheil
name: Deuar, Piotr
name: Denys, Mateusz
name: Bennacer, Rachid
name: Che, Zhizhao
name: Theodorakis, Panagiotis E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the coalescence of surfactant-laden water droplets by using several different surfactant types and a wide range of concentrations by means of a coarse-grained model obtained by the statistical associating fluid theory. Our results demonstrate in detail a universal mass transport mechanism of surfactant across many concentrations and several surfactant types during the process. Coalescence initiation is seen to occur via a single pinch due to aggregation of surface surfactant, and its remnants tend to become engulfed in part inside the forming bridge. Across the board we confirm the existence of an initial thermal regime with constant bridge width followed by a later inertial regime with bridge width scaling roughly as the square root of time, but see no evidence of an intermediate viscous regime. Coalescence becomes slower as surfactant concentration grows, and we see evidence of the appearance of a further slowdown of a different nature for several times the critical concentration. We anticipate that our results provide further insights in the mechanisms of coalescence of surfactant-laden droplets.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures
On Scales of Sobolev spaces associated to generalized Hardy operators
Creators: name: Merz, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A23, 46E35

description: We consider the fractional Laplacian with Hardy potential and study the scale of homogeneous $L^p$ Sobolev spaces generated by this operator. Besides generalized and reversed Hardy inequalities, the analysis relies on a Hörmander multiplier theorem which is crucial to construct a basic Littlewood--Paley theory. The results extend those obtained recently in $L^2$ but do not cover negative coupling constants in general due to the slow decay of the associated heat kernel.
description: Corrected some misprints. This is a pre-print of an article published in Mathematische Zeitschrift, available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s00209-020-02651-0
Hereditary Interval Algebras and Cardinal Characteristics of the Continuum
Creators: name: Michael
name: Hrušák
name: Carlos
name: Martínez-Ranero
name: Ariet, Ulises
name: Ramos-García
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E17 (Primary), 03E35 (Secondary)

description: An interval algebra is a Boolean algebra which is isomorphic to the algebra of finite unions of half-open intervals, of a linearly ordered set. An interval algebra is hereditary if every subalgebra is an interval algebra. We answer a question of M. Bekkali and S. Todorčević, by showing that it is consistent that every $σ$-centered interval algebra of size $\mathfrak{b}$ is hereditary. We also show that there is, in ZFC, an hereditary interval algebra of cardinality $\aleph_1.$
Hyperstability of a functional equation
Creators: name: Gselmann, Eszter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 39B82, 94A17

description: The aim of this paper is to prove that the parametric fundamental equation of information is hyperstable on its open as well as on its closed domain, assuming that the parameter is negative. As a corollary of the main result, it is also proved that the system of equation that defines the alpha-recursive information measures is stable.
description: 9 pages
DDPNAS: Efficient Neural Architecture Search via Dynamic Distribution Pruning
Creators: name: Zheng, Xiawu
name: Yang, Chenyi
name: Zhang, Shaokun
name: Wang, Yan
name: Zhang, Baochang
name: Wu, Yongjian
name: Wu, Yunsheng
name: Shao, Ling
name: Ji, Rongrong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural Architecture Search (NAS) has demonstrated state-of-the-art performance on various computer vision tasks. Despite the superior performance achieved, the efficiency and generality of existing methods are highly valued due to their high computational complexity and low generality. In this paper, we propose an efficient and unified NAS framework termed DDPNAS via dynamic distribution pruning, facilitating a theoretical bound on accuracy and efficiency. In particular, we first sample architectures from a joint categorical distribution. Then the search space is dynamically pruned and its distribution is updated every few epochs. With the proposed efficient network generation method, we directly obtain the optimal neural architectures on given constraints, which is practical for on-device models across diverse search spaces and constraints. The architectures searched by our method achieve remarkable top-1 accuracies, 97.56 and 77.2 on CIFAR-10 and ImageNet (mobile settings), respectively, with the fastest search process, i.e., only 1.8 GPU hours on a Tesla V100. Codes for searching and network generation are available at: https://openi.pcl.ac.cn/PCL AutoML/XNAS.
description: A update version of this work. 19 pages
Stretched exponential spin relaxation in organic superconductors
Creators: name: Gezo, Joseph
name: Lui, Tak-Kei
name: Wolin, Brian
name: Slichter, Charles P.
name: Giannetta, Russell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Proton NMR measurements on the organic superconductor $κ-(ET)_2Cu[N(CN)_2]Br$ ($T_C = 11.6$ K) exhibit stretched exponential spin-lattice relaxation below $T\approx 25$ K, suggestive of an inhomogeneous magnetic phase that develops in the normal state and coexists with superconductivity. The onset of this phase coincides approximately with a large normal state Nernst signal reported previously. By contrast, the closely related superconductor $κ-(ET)_2Cu[(NCS)_2]Br$ ($T_C = 10.5$ K) shows single exponential spin-lattice relaxation and a conventional Nernst effect. The temperature range $T_C < T < 30$ K encompasses several phenomena in the $κ-(ET)_2X$ conductors, including changes in conduction electron spin resonance, electronic phase separation and the onset of antiferromagnetic order. Analogous behavior in $La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4$ suggests that a density wave may develop in $κ-(ET)_2Cu[N(CN)_2]Br$.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Many-body Green's function GW and Bethe-Salpeter study of the optical excitations in a paradigmatic model dipeptide
Creators: name: Faber, Carina
name: Boulanger, Paul
name: Duchemin, Ivan
name: Attaccalite, Claudio
name: Blase, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study within the many-body Green's function GW and Bethe-Salpeter formalisms the excitation energies of a paradigmatic model dipeptide, focusing on the four lowest-lying local and charge-transfer excitations. Our GW calculations are performed at the self-consistent level, updating first the quasiparticle energies, and further the single-particle wavefunctions within the static Coulomb-hole plus screened-exchange approximation to the GW self-energy operator. Important level crossings, as compared to the starting Kohn-Sham LDA spectrum, are identified. Our final Bethe-Salpeter singlet excitation energies are found to agree, within 0.07 eV, with CASPT2 reference data, except for one charge-transfer state where the discrepancy can be as large as 0.5 eV. Our results agree best with LC-BLYP and CAM-B3LYP calculations with enhanced long-range exchange, with a 0.1 eV mean absolute error. This has been achieved employing a parameter-free formalism applicable to metallic or insulating extended or finite systems.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures
Monochromatic Equilateral Triangles in the Unit Distance Graph
Creators: name: Naslund, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $χ_Δ(\mathbb{R}^{n})$ denote the minimum number of colors needed to color $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ so that there will not be a monochromatic equilateral triangle with side length $1$. Using the slice rank method, we reprove a result of Frankl and Rodl, and show that $χ_Δ\left(\mathbb{R}^{n}\right)$ grows exponentially with $n$. This technique substantially improves upon the best known quantitative lower bounds for $χ_Δ\left(\mathbb{R}^{n}\right)$, and we obtain \[ χ_Δ\left(\mathbb{R}^{n}\right)>(1.01446+o(1))^{n}. \]
description: 4 pages
Do altmetrics correlate with citations? Extensive comparison of altmetric indicators with citations from a multidisciplinary perspective
Creators: name: Costas, Rodrigo
name: Zahedi, Zohreh
name: Wouters, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An extensive analysis of the presence of different altmetric indicators provided by Altmetric.com across scientific fields is presented, particularly focusing on their relationship with citations. Our results confirm that the presence and density of social media altmetric counts are still very low and not very frequent among scientific publications, with 15%-24% of the publications presenting some altmetric activity and concentrating in the most recent publications, although their presence is increasing over time. Publications from the social sciences, humanities and the medical and life sciences show the highest presence of altmetrics, indicating their potential value and interest for these fields. The analysis of the relationships between altmetrics and citations confirms previous claims of positive correlations but relatively weak, thus supporting the idea that altmetrics do not reflect the same concept of impact as citations. Also, altmetric counts do not always present a better filtering of highly cited publications than journal citation scores. Altmetrics scores (particularly mentions in blogs) are able to identify highly cited publications with higher levels of precision than journal citation scores (JCS), but they have a lower level of recall. The value of altmetrics as a complementary tool of citation analysis is highlighted, although more research is suggested to disentangle the potential meaning and value of altmetric indicators for research evaluation.
A quantum battery with quadratic driving
Creators: name: Downing, C. A.
name: Ukhtary, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum batteries are energy storage devices built using quantum mechanical objects, which are developed with the aim of outperforming their classical counterparts. Proposing optimal designs of quantum batteries which are able to exploit quantum advantages requires balancing the competing demands for fast charging, durable storage and effective work extraction. Here we study theoretically a bipartite quantum battery model, composed of a driven charger connected to an energy holder, within two paradigmatic cases of a driven-dissipative open quantum system: linear driving and quadratic driving. The linear battery is governed by a single exceptional point which splits the response of the battery into two regimes, one of which induces a good amount of useful work. Quadratic driving leads to a squeezed quantum battery, which generates plentiful useful work near to critical points associated with dissipative phase transitions. Our theoretical results may be realized with parametric cavities or nonlinear circuits, potentially leading to the manifestation of a quantum battery exhibiting squeezing.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Autonomous Quantum Devices: When Are They Realizable without Additional Thermodynamic Costs?
Creators: name: Woods, Mischa P.
name: Horodecki, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The resource theory of quantum thermodynamics has been a very successful theory and has generated much follow-up work in the community. It requires energy-preserving unitary operations to be implemented over a system, bath, and catalyst as part of its paradigm. So far, such unitary operations have been considered a "free" resource in the theory. However, this is only an idealization of a necessarily inexact process. Here, we include an additional auxiliary control system which can autonomously implement the unitary by turning an interaction "on or off". However, the control system will inevitably be degraded by the backaction caused by the implementation of the unitary. We derive conditions on the quality of the control device so that the laws of thermodynamics do not change and prove - by utilizing a good quantum clock - that the laws of quantum mechanics allow the backreaction to be small enough so that these conditions are satisfiable. Our inclusion of nonidealized control into the resource framework also raises interesting prospects, which were absent when considering idealized control. Among other things, the emergence of a third law without the need for the assumption of a light cone. Our results and framework unify the field of autonomous thermal machines with the thermodynamic quantum resource-theoretic one, and lay the groundwork for all quantum processing devices to be unified with fully autonomous machines.
description: 12 + 55 pages
Decoupling with random quantum circuits
Creators: name: Brown, Winton
name: Fawzi, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Decoupling has become a central concept in quantum information theory with applications including proving coding theorems, randomness extraction and the study of conditions for reaching thermal equilibrium. However, our understanding of the dynamics that lead to decoupling is limited. In fact, the only families of transformations that are known to lead to decoupling are (approximate) unitary two-designs, i.e., measures over the unitary group which behave like the Haar measure as far as the first two moments are concerned. Such families include for example random quantum circuits with O(n^2) gates, where n is the number of qubits in the system under consideration. In fact, all known constructions of decoupling circuits use Ω(n^2) gates. Here, we prove that random quantum circuits with O(n log^2 n) gates satisfy an essentially optimal decoupling theorem. In addition, these circuits can be implemented in depth O(log^3 n). This proves that decoupling can happen in a time that scales polylogarithmically in the number of particles in the system, provided all the particles are allowed to interact. Our proof does not proceed by showing that such circuits are approximate two-designs in the usual sense, but rather we directly analyze the decoupling property.
description: 25 pages
COVERED, CollabOratiVE Robot Environment Dataset for 3D Semantic segmentation
Creators: name: Munasinghe, Charith
name: Amin, Fatemeh Mohammadi
name: Scaramuzza, Davide
name: van de Venn, Hans Wernher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Safe human-robot collaboration (HRC) has recently gained a lot of interest with the emerging Industry 5.0 paradigm. Conventional robots are being replaced with more intelligent and flexible collaborative robots (cobots). Safe and efficient collaboration between cobots and humans largely relies on the cobot's comprehensive semantic understanding of the dynamic surrounding of industrial environments. Despite the importance of semantic understanding for such applications, 3D semantic segmentation of collaborative robot workspaces lacks sufficient research and dedicated datasets. The performance limitation caused by insufficient datasets is called 'data hunger' problem. To overcome this current limitation, this work develops a new dataset specifically designed for this use case, named "COVERED", which includes point-wise annotated point clouds of a robotic cell. Lastly, we also provide a benchmark of current state-of-the-art (SOTA) algorithm performance on the dataset and demonstrate a real-time semantic segmentation of a collaborative robot workspace using a multi-LiDAR system. The promising results from using the trained Deep Networks on a real-time dynamically changing situation shows that we are on the right track. Our perception pipeline achieves 20Hz throughput with a prediction point accuracy of $>$96\% and $>$92\% mean intersection over union (mIOU) while maintaining an 8Hz throughput.
Almost minimal orthogonal projections
Creators: name: Basso, Giuliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The projection constant $Π(E):=Π(E, \ell_\infty)$ of a finite-dimensional Banach space $E\subset\ell_\infty$ is by definition the smallest norm of a linear projection of $\ell_\infty$ onto $E$. Fix $n\geq 1$ and denote by $Π_n$ the maximal value of $Π(\cdot)$ amongst $n$-dimensional real Banach spaces. We prove for every $\varepsilon >0$ that there exist an integer $d\geq 1$ and an $n$-dimensional subspace $E\subset\ell_1^d$ such that $Π_n \leq Π(E, \ell_1^d) +2 \varepsilon$ and the orthogonal projection $P\colon \ell_1^d\to E$ is almost minimal in the sense that $\lVert P \rVert \leq Π(E, \ell_1^d)+\varepsilon$. As a consequence of our main result, we obtain a formula relating $Π_n$ to smallest absolute value row-sums of orthogonal projection matrices of rank $n$.
description: final version
P-Age: Pexels Dataset for Robust Spatio-Temporal Apparent Age Classification
Creators: name: Ali, Abid
name: Marisetty, Ashish
name: Bremond, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Age estimation is a challenging task that has numerous applications. In this paper, we propose a new direction for age classification that utilizes a video-based model to address challenges such as occlusions, low-resolution, and lighting conditions. To address these challenges, we propose AgeFormer which utilizes spatio-temporal information on the dynamics of the entire body dominating face-based methods for age classification. Our novel two-stream architecture uses TimeSformer and EfficientNet as backbones, to effectively capture both facial and body dynamics information for efficient and accurate age estimation in videos. Furthermore, to fill the gap in predicting age in real-world situations from videos, we construct a video dataset called Pexels Age (P-Age) for age classification. The proposed method achieves superior results compared to existing face-based age estimation methods and is evaluated in situations where the face is highly occluded, blurred, or masked. The method is also cross-tested on a variety of challenging video datasets such as Charades, Smarthome, and Thumos-14.
Contributions to the Shape Synthesis of Directivity-Maximized Dielectric Resonator Antennas
Creators: name: Nassor, Mohammed
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: DRA
QFA
Spherical Coverage
Shape Synthesis
Directivity Maximization

description: Antennas are an important component of wireless ("without wires") communications, regardless of their use. As these systems have become increasingly complex, antenna design requirements have become more demanding. Conventional antenna design consists of selecting some canonical radiator structure described by a handful of key dimensions, and then adjusting these using an optimization algorithm that improves some performance-related objective function that is (during optimization) repeatedly evaluated via a full-wave computational electromagnetics model of the structure. This approach has been employed to great effect in the enormously successful development of wireless communications antenna technology thus far, but is limiting in the sense that the "design space" is restricted to a library of canonical (or regular near-canonical) shapes. As increased design constraints and more complicated placement requirements arise such an approach to antenna design could eventually become a bottleneck. The use of antenna shape synthesis, a process also referred to as inverse design, can widen the "design space", and include such aspects as occupancy and fabrication constraints, the presence of a platform, even weight constraints, and much more. Dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) hold the promise of lower losses at higher frequencies. This thesis uses a three-dimensional shape optimization algorithm along with a characteristic mode analysis and a genetic algorithm to shape synthesize DRAs. Until now, a limited amount of work on such shape synthesis has been performed for single-feed fixed-beam DRAs. In this thesis we extend this approach by devising and implementing a new shaping methodology for significantly more complex problems, namely directivity-maximized multi-port fixed-beam DRAs, and multi-port DRAs capable of the beam-steering required to satisfy certain spherical coverage constraints, where the location, type and number of feed-ports need not be specified prior to shaping. The approach enables even low-profile enhanced-directivity DRAs to be shape synthesized.
Pre-impulsive and Impulsive Phases of the Sub-Terahertz Flare of March 28, 2022
Creators: name: Motorina, G. G.
name: Tsap, Yu. T.
name: Smirnova, V. V.
name: Morgachev, A. S.
name: Shramko, A. D.
name: Motorin, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Properties of the solar radio spectrum, as well as the temporal profiles of flare emission, indicate the thermal nature of the sub-terahertz (sub-THz) component observed as the growth of radio emission in the frequency range of 100-1000 GHz. The sub-THz flare onset can be ahead of the impulsive phase for several minutes. However, the origin of the pre-impulsive and impulsive sub-THz emission remains unclear. The present work is devoted to a detailed analysis of the M4.0 X-class solar flare observed on March 28, 2022 with the Bauman Moscow State Technical University Radio Telescope RT-7.5 at 93 GHz. We supply these data with multiwavelength solar observations in the X-ray (GOES, GBM/Fermi), extreme ultraviolet (AIA/SDO), and microwave ranges. The differential emission measure (DEM) responsible for EUV emission is determined by solving the inverse problem based on the AIA/SDO data. Using the DEM and assuming a thermal free-free emission mechanism in pre-impulsive and impulsive phases, we calculated the millimeter emission flux of coronal plasma of the flare source, which turned out to be much smaller than the observed values. We concluded that electrons accelerated in the corona and heat fluxes from the coronal loop top cannot be responsible for heating the sub-THz emission source located in the transition region and upper chromosphere. A possible origin of chromospheric heating in the pre-impulsive phase of the solar flare is discussed.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, Geomagnetism and Aeronomy, accepted
On the stable Cholesky factorization-based method for the maximum correntropy criterion Kalman filtering
Creators: name: Kulikova, Maria V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper continues the research devoted to the design of numerically stable square-root implementations for the maximum correntropy criterion Kalman filtering (MCC-KF). In contrast to the previously obtained results, here we reveal the first robust (with respect to round-off errors) method within the Cholesky factorization-based approach. The method is formulated in terms of square-root factors of the {\it covariance} matrices, i.e. it belongs to the covariance-type filtering methodology. Additionally, a numerically stable orthogonal transformation is utilized at each iterate of the algorithm for accurate propagation of the Cholesky factors involved. The results of numerical experiments illustrate a superior performance of the novel MCC-KF implementation compared to both the conventional algorithm and its previously published Cholesky-based variant.
Open-Access-Publikationsfonds: Template zur Datenerfassung
Creators: name: Andrae, Magdalena
name: Blechl, Guido
name: Capellaro, Christof
name: Ferus, Andreas
name: Kranewitter, Michael
name: Leitner, Edith
name: Rieck, Katharina
name: Zarka, Tobias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Open Access
Publikationsfonds
Datenerfassung
Transformation

description: Das Dokument behandelt die Datenerfassung für Open-Access-Publikationfonds. Es entstand im Rahmen von Teilprojekt 3 des Hochschulraum-Strukturmittel-Projekts Austrian Transition to Open Access (AT2OA), das auf die Einrichtung und den Ausbau solcher Fonds in Österreich abzielt. Unter Berücksichtigung älterer Empfehlungen sowie des Datenschemas von OpenAPC schlägt das Papier ein einheitliches Minimalset zur Erfassung der Daten von Publikationen und Initiativen vor, die im Rahmen von Publikationsfonds gefördert werden. Das Datenset ist in einem separaten File dokumentiert, das auch Beispieldatensätze enthält.
Seeded Binary Segmentation: A general methodology for fast and optimal change point detection
Creators: name: Kovács, Solt
name: Li, Housen
name: Bühlmann, Peter
name: Munk, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, there has been an increasing demand on efficient algorithms for large scale change point detection problems. To this end, we propose seeded binary segmentation, an approach relying on a deterministic construction of background intervals, called seeded intervals, in which single change points are searched. The final selection of change points based on the candidates from seeded intervals can be done in various ways, adapted to the problem at hand. Thus, seeded binary segmentation is easy to adapt to a wide range of change point detection problems, let that be univariate, multivariate or even high-dimensional. We consider the univariate Gaussian change in mean setup in detail. For this specific case we show that seeded binary segmentation leads to a near-linear time approach (i.e. linear up to a logarithmic factor) independent of the underlying number of change points. Furthermore, using appropriate selection methods, the methodology is shown to be asymptotically minimax optimal. While computationally more efficient, the finite sample estimation performance remains competitive compared to state of the art procedures. Moreover, we illustrate the methodology for high-dimensional settings with an inverse covariance change point detection problem where our proposal leads to massive computational gains while still exhibiting good statistical performance.
Refined stable pair invariants for E-, M- and [p,q]-strings
Creators: name: Huang, Min-xin
name: Klemm, Albrecht
name: Poretschkin, Maximilian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use mirror symmetry, the refined holomorphic anomaly equation and modularity properties of elliptic singularities to calculate the refined BPS invariants of stable pairs on non-compact Calabi-Yau manifolds, based on del Pezzo surfaces and elliptic surfaces, in particular the half K3. The BPS numbers contribute naturally to the five-dimensional N=1 supersymmetric index of M-theory, but they can be also interpreted in terms of the superconformal index in six dimensions and upon dimensional reduction the generating functions count N=2 Seiberg-Witten gauge theory instantons in four dimensions. Using the M/F-theory uplift the additional information encoded in the spin content can be used in an essential way to obtain information about BPS states in physical systems associated to small instantons, tensionless strings, gauge symmetry enhancement in F-theory by [p,q]-strings as well as M-strings.
description: 120 pages, 21 figures