cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stochastic theory of large-scale enzyme-reaction networks: Finite copy number corrections to rate equation models
Creators: name: Thomas, Philipp
name: Straube, Arthur V.
name: Grima, Ramon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Chemical reactions inside cells occur in compartment volumes in the range of atto- to femtolitres. Physiological concentrations realized in such small volumes imply low copy numbers of interacting molecules with the consequence of considerable fluctuations in the concentrations. In contrast, rate equation models are based on the implicit assumption of infinitely large numbers of interacting molecules, or equivalently, that reactions occur in infinite volumes at constant macroscopic concentrations. In this article we compute the finite-volume corrections (or equivalently the finite copy number corrections) to the solutions of the rate equations for chemical reaction networks composed of arbitrarily large numbers of enzyme-catalyzed reactions which are confined inside a small sub-cellular compartment. This is achieved by applying a mesoscopic version of the quasi-steady state assumption to the exact Fokker-Planck equation associated with the Poisson Representation of the chemical master equation. The procedure yields impressively simple and compact expressions for the finite-volume corrections. We prove that the predictions of the rate equations will always underestimate the actual steady-state substrate concentrations for an enzyme-reaction network confined in a small volume. In particular we show that the finite-volume corrections increase with decreasing sub-cellular volume, decreasing Michaelis-Menten constants and increasing enzyme saturation. The magnitude of the corrections depends sensitively on the topology of the network. The predictions of the theory are shown to be in excellent agreement with stochastic simulations for two types of networks typically associated with protein methylation and metabolism.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures; published in The Journal of Chemical Physics
Quijote-PNG: The Information Content of the Halo Mass Function
Creators: name: Jung, Gabriel
name: Ravenni, Andrea
name: Baldi, Marco
name: Coulton, William R.
name: Jamieson, Drew
name: Karagiannis, Dionysios
name: Liguori, Michele
name: Shao, Helen
name: Verde, Licia
name: Villaescusa-Navarro, Francisco
name: Wandelt, Benjamin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study signatures of primordial non-Gaussianity (PNG) in the redshift-space halo field on non-linear scales, using a combination of three summary statistics, namely the halo mass function (HMF), power spectrum, and bispectrum. The choice of adding the HMF to our previous joint analysis of power spectrum and bispectrum is driven by a preliminary field-level analysis, in which we train graph neural networks on halo catalogues to infer the PNG $f_\mathrm{NL}$ parameter. The covariance matrix and the responses of our summaries to changes in model parameters are extracted from a suite of halo catalogues constructed from the Quijote-PNG N-body simulations. We consider the three main types of PNG: local, equilateral and orthogonal. Adding the HMF to our previous joint analysis of power spectrum and bispectrum produces two main effects. First, it reduces the equilateral $f_\mathrm{NL}$ predicted errors by roughly a factor $2$, while also producing notable, although smaller, improvements for orthogonal PNG. Second, it helps break the degeneracy between the local PNG amplitude, $f_\mathrm{NL}^\mathrm{local}$, and assembly bias, $b_ϕ$, without relying on any external prior assumption. Our final forecasts for PNG parameters are $Δf_\mathrm{NL}^\mathrm{local} = 40$, $Δf_\mathrm{NL}^\mathrm{equil} = 210$, $Δf_\mathrm{NL}^\mathrm{ortho} = 91$, on a cubic volume of $1 \left(h^{-1}{\rm Gpc}\right)^3$, with a halo number density of $\bar{n}\sim 5.1 \times 10^{-5}~h^3\mathrm{Mpc}^{-3}$, at $z = 1$, and considering scales up to $k_\mathrm{max} = 0.5~h\,\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures. v3 (minor caption fix)
New technologies and the struggle for the classroom: investigating the attitudes of teachers and a teachers' professional organization toward the implementation of new communications and information technologies
Creators: name: Jantzie, Gregory Noel
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: AC1 .T484 2002 J36
subject: Additional copy: 370 EDC 2002 JAN

description: Bibliography: p. 154-169
Ferroelectricity induced by cooperative orbital ordering and Peierls instability
Creators: name: Barone, Paolo
name: Picozzi, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general mechanism by which orbital ordering, coupled to Peierls-like lattice distortions, can induce an electronic switchable polarization is discussed within a model Hamiltonian approach in the context of the modern theory of polarization. By using a Berry-phase approach, a clear picture emerges in terms of Wannier-function centers and orbital occupancies. The proposed mechanism may apply to oxide spinels whose electronic structure has effective one-dimensional character, such as CdV$_2$O$_4$, recently proposed to display multiferroic behaviour.
The origin of middle Cambrian-hosted mid-platform dolomite; Cathedral Formation, Whirlpool Point, Alberta
Creators: name: Jeary, Victoria A.
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: AC1 .T484 2002 J436
subject: Dolomite - Alberta - Cathedral Formation
subject: Diagenesis - Alberta - Cathedral Formation
subject: Geology, Stratigraphic - Cambrian

description: Bibliography: p. 198-205
Evaluating the effects of variable NR2E1 levels on gene expression, behaviour, and neural and ocular development
Creators: name: Wong, Bibiana (Ka Yan)
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Nuclear receptor 2E1 (Nr2e1) is expressed in the developing and adult brain and eye, and controls proliferation and differentiation of neural and retinal stem/progenitor cells by regulating genes important in these cellular processes. The Simpson laboratory discovered and characterized a spontaneous deletion of mouse Nr2e1 (the fierce allele, frc) and demonstrated the functional equivalence of human and mouse NR2E1 when the behavioural and neuroanatomical phenotypes of Nr2e1frc/frc mutants were rescued by introducing human NR2E1. NR2E1 has recently been implicated in human psychiatric disorders and variants in NR2E1 were identified in patients with brain and behavioural abnormalities, including bipolar I disorder (BPI). Although NR2E1 had been implicated in BPI, the validity of Nr2e1frc/frc mice to model BPI has not yet been tested. In anticipation of subtle behavioural phenotypes, the hypothesis that dark-phase testing affects the outcome of high-throughput behavioural tests was tested. We demonstrated that dark-phase testing improved discrimination between genetically distinct inbred mouse strains. This result was integrated into the experimental design for evaluating Nr2e1frc/frc mice as a model for BPI by behavioural measures and lithium treatment. Nr2e1frc/frc mice exhibited behavioural traits used to model BPI in rodents, including hyperactivity and learning deficits; however, adult Nr2e1frc/frc mice were resistant to the effects of lithium treatment, and therefore our results did not provide support for Nr2e1frc/frc mice as an appropriate pharmacological model for BPI. Since the nature of patient variants in NR2E1 is likely regulatory, resulting in transcriptional alterations, and the effects of variable levels of Nr2e1 are currently unknown, I tested the hypothesis that variable Nr2e1 levels will affect gene expression and neurological and ocular development. Mice overexpressing Nr2e1 showed alterations in transcription levels of key target genes in both the brain and the eye, significant increase in neural stem/progenitor cell proliferation in the subventricular zone of the adult brain, and severe eye abnormalities. Gene expression changes in Gfap, Gsk3β, Pax6, and Nr2e3 suggest a role for Nr2e1 in genetic pathways important in psychiatric and eye disorders, including BP, Alzheimer Disease, cancer, Aniridia, and enhanced S-cone syndrome. Collectively, these results justify the further investigation of NR2E1 in these human disorders.
Thickness-dependent magnetic properties in Pt[CoNi]n multilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy
Creators: name: Yan, Chunjie
name: Chen, Lina
name: Zhou, Kaiyuan
name: Yang, Liupeng
name: Fu, Qingwei
name: Wang, Wenqiang
name: Yue, Wen-Cheng
name: Liang, Like
name: Tao, Zui
name: Du, Jun
name: Wang, Yong-Lei
name: Liu, Ronghua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically investigated the Ni and Co thickness-dependent perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) coefficient, magnetic domain structures, and magnetization dynamics of Pt(5 nm)/[Co(t_Co nm)/Ni(t_Ni nm)]5/Pt(1 nm) multilayers by combining the four standard magnetic characterization techniques. The magnetic-related hysteresis loops obtained from the field-dependent magnetization M and anomalous Hall resistivity (AHR) \r{ho}_xy found that the two serial multilayers with t_Co = 0.2 and 0.3 nm have the optimum PMA coefficient K_U well as the highest coercivity H_C at the Ni thickness t_Ni = 0.6 nm. Additionally, the magnetic domain structures obtained by Magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) microscopy also significantly depend on the thickness and K_U of the films. Furthermore, the thickness-dependent linewidth of ferromagnetic resonance is inversely proportional to K_U and H_C, indicating that inhomogeneous magnetic properties dominate the linewidth. However, the intrinsic Gilbert damping constant determined by a linear fitting of frequency-dependent linewidth does not depend on Ni thickness and K_U. Our results could help promote the PMA [Co/Ni] multilayer applications in various spintronic and spin-orbitronic devices.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
ContraCluster: Learning to Classify without Labels by Contrastive Self-Supervision and Prototype-Based Semi-Supervision
Creators: name: Joe, Seongho
name: Kim, Byoungjip
name: Kang, Hoyoung
name: Park, Kyoungwon
name: Kim, Bogun
name: Park, Jaeseon
name: Lee, Joonseok
name: Gwon, Youngjune
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The recent advances in representation learning inspire us to take on the challenging problem of unsupervised image classification tasks in a principled way. We propose ContraCluster, an unsupervised image classification method that combines clustering with the power of contrastive self-supervised learning. ContraCluster consists of three stages: (1) contrastive self-supervised pre-training (CPT), (2) contrastive prototype sampling (CPS), and (3) prototype-based semi-supervised fine-tuning (PB-SFT). CPS can select highly accurate, categorically prototypical images in an embedding space learned by contrastive learning. We use sampled prototypes as noisy labeled data to perform semi-supervised fine-tuning (PB-SFT), leveraging small prototypes and large unlabeled data to further enhance the accuracy. We demonstrate empirically that ContraCluster achieves new state-of-the-art results for standard benchmark datasets including CIFAR-10, STL-10, and ImageNet-10. For example, ContraCluster achieves about 90.8% accuracy for CIFAR-10, which outperforms DAC (52.2%), IIC (61.7%), and SCAN (87.6%) by a large margin. Without any labels, ContraCluster can achieve a 90.8% accuracy that is comparable to 95.8% by the best supervised counterpart.
description: Accepted at ICPR 2022
Rippled nanocarbons from periodic arrangements of reordered bivacancies in graphene or SWCNTs
Creators: name: Leyssale, Jean-Marc
name: Vignoles, G érard L.
name: Villesuzanne, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on various nanocarbons formed from a unique structural pattern containing two pentagons, three hexagons and two heptagons, resulting from local rearrange- ments around a divacancy in pristine graphene or nanotubes. This defect can be inserted in sheets or tubes either individually or as extended defect lines. Sheets or tubes containing only this defect as a pattern can also be obtained. These fully defective sheets, and most of the tubes, present a very pronounced rippled (wavy) structure and their energies are lower than other structures based on pentagons and heptagons published so far. Another particularity of these rippled carbon sheets is their ability to fold themselves into a two-dimensional porous network of inter- connected tubes upon heat treatment as shown by hybrid Monte Carlo simulations. Finally, contrary to the common belief that pentagon/heptagon based structures are metallic, this work shows that this defect pattern should give rise to semi-metallic conduction.
title: Editorial: Functional columnar organization and long-range circuits in different cortical systems
Creators: name: Schmidt, Kerstin E.
name: Galuske, Ralf A. W.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2023

description: The functional column is a classical concept which was introduced in the last century. This concept puts columns as organizing cortical units. It has largely influenced practical and theoretical research and also our understanding of neocortical processing. While it was initially attributed to early sensory cortical areas such as the primary visual cortex it can also be identified in higher sensory, multimodal or motor areas and their connections. Concomitant with the clustering of neurons of similar functional characteristics into periodic domains or columns extending through many cortical layers came the notion of a network of biased horizontal axons preferentially linking neurons with similar functional properties over short and long distances within a cortical area, and even between cortical areas, in a patchy manner. However, there is ample evidence for both selective and unselective long-range axons questioning the functional role of patchiness and the concept of the functional column in general.
Representations of posets: Linear versus Unitary
Creators: name: Futorny, Vyacheslav
name: Samoilenko, Yurii
name: Yusenko, Kostyantyn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 16G20, Secondary 53D20, 14L24

description: A number of recent papers treated the representation theory of partially ordered sets in unitary spaces with the so called orthoscalar relation. Such theory generalizes the classical theory which studies the representations of partially ordered sets in linear spaces. It happens that the results in the unitary case are well-correlated with those in the linear case. The purpose of this article is to shed light on this phenomena.
description: 22 pages
Assessment of time to recurrence of opportunistic infections in people living with HIV/AIDS, in Debre Markos town, East Gojam zone, North West Ethiopia, in 2013. (Retrospective Cohort study)
Creators: name: HABTAMU MELLIE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013

description: Introduction: According to 2011 Ethiopian demographic health survey the national adult HIV

prevalence is 1.5 %. In the same survey, HIV prevalence was 2.2% in the Amhara Region. In the

region of North West Ethiopia, 88.9% of pre-ART PLWHA has any type of OI at initiation of

ART. Different studies showed the effect of ART improves time to death of PLWHA however,

little is known about its effect on improving time of recurrence of OI and factors associated with

it and magnitude of the recurrence. Hence this study will be used to plan resources needed for

chronic HIV/AIDS care and to identify factors affecting patients’ survival.

Objective: To assess time to recurrence of OIs and factors associated with it and to determine

magnitude of recurrence in PLWHA in Debre Markos town in 2013.

Method: Institution based comparative retrospective cohort study were used and the required

sample size was 536. All 18 years old and above PLWHA who were on chronic HIV care in

Debre Makkos town health institutions was the source population for the study. Study

participants were selected from the list of PLWHA attending the public health facilities using

simple random sampling procedure by data collectors who are working in ART clinic. Univariate

analysis was used to describe patients’ baseline and follow up characteristics. Actuarial life table

and Kaplan-meier survival was used to estimate survival and log rank test was used to compare

survival curves. Cox proportional-hazard regression model was used to calculate the uni-variate

and adjusted hazard rate and to determine independent predictors of time to recurrence of OI
Shuffle & Divide: Contrastive Learning for Long Text
Creators: name: Lee, Joonseok
name: Joe, Seongho
name: Park, Kyoungwon
name: Kim, Bogun
name: Kang, Hoyoung
name: Park, Jaeseon
name: Gwon, Youngjune
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a self-supervised learning method for long text documents based on contrastive learning. A key to our method is Shuffle and Divide (SaD), a simple text augmentation algorithm that sets up a pretext task required for contrastive updates to BERT-based document embedding. SaD splits a document into two sub-documents containing randomly shuffled words in the entire documents. The sub-documents are considered positive examples, leaving all other documents in the corpus as negatives. After SaD, we repeat the contrastive update and clustering phases until convergence. It is naturally a time-consuming, cumbersome task to label text documents, and our method can help alleviate human efforts, which are most expensive resources in AI. We have empirically evaluated our method by performing unsupervised text classification on the 20 Newsgroups, Reuters-21578, BBC, and BBCSport datasets. In particular, our method pushes the current state-of-the-art, SS-SB-MT, on 20 Newsgroups by 20.94% in accuracy. We also achieve the state-of-the-art performance on Reuters-21578 and exceptionally-high accuracy performances (over 95%) for unsupervised classification on the BBC and BBCSport datasets.
description: Accepted at ICPR 2022
TORC Bonding Pairs as an Alternative to Nucleobases in Self Replicating Polymers
Creators: name: Van Der Stok, Aevi
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Organic chemistry
dynamic covalent chemistry
self-replication
astrobiology
peptide synthesis
TORC
macrocycle

description: The search for life on other planets is limited due to having only an incomplete knowledge of the origins of life on Earth as reference. While genetic information is stored and replicated by RNA and DNA using nucleobase chemistry here on Earth, this may not be the case on other planets with different environmental conditions. Tunable Orthogonal Reversible Covalent (TORC) bonds have promise in the creation of sequence-specific replicators because their orthogonality allows for the TORC bonding pairs to function similarly to nucleotide bases, defining and replicating the sequence, while their reversibility allows for duplexes to be separated for replication and their increased strength as covalent bonds would make these replicators more suitable to hot environments than the hydrogen bonding interactions observed in DNA replicators. This project represents the first step in the creation of sequence-specific TORC replicators by demonstrating the templating and synthesis of short peptide strands from a template strand using the hydrazone TORC bonding pair. In addition to this, macrocyclic products were also produced using these templates. This unexpected result holds promise for the creation of macrocyclic TORC replicators. The creation of macrocycles also has therapeutic applications, as macrocyclic peptides have useful properties but are generally difficult to synthesize, and the templates created in this project can quantitatively produce macrocyclic peptide products without any unwanted side products.
A Planetary lensing feature in caustic-crossing high-magnification microlensing events
Creators: name: Chung, Sun-Ju
name: Hwang, Kyu-Ha
name: Ryu, Yoon-Hyun
name: Lee, Chung-Uk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current microlensing follow-up observations focus on high-magnification events because of the high efficiency of planet detection. However, central perturbations of high-magnification events caused by a planet can also be produced by a very close or a very wide binary companion, and the two kinds of central perturbations are not generally distinguished without time consuming detailed modeling (a planet-binary degeneracy). Hence, it is important to resolve the planet-binary degeneracy that occurs in high-magnification events. In this paper, we investigate caustic-crossing high-magnification events caused by a planet and a wide binary companion. From this study, we find that because of the different magnification excess patterns inside the central caustics induced by the planet and the binary companion, the light curves of the caustic-crossing planetary-lensing events exhibit a feature that is discriminated from those of the caustic-crossing binary-lensing events, and the feature can be used to immediately distinguish between the planetary and binary companions. The planetary-lensing feature appears in the interpeak region between the two peaks of the caustic-crossings. The structure of the interpeak region for the planetary-lensing events is smooth and convex or boxy, whereas the structure for the binary-lensing events is smooth and concave. We also investigate the effect of a finite background source star on the planetary-lensing feature in the caustic-crossing high-magnification events. From this, we find that the convex-shaped interpeak structure appears in a certain range that changes with the mass ratio of the planet to the planet-hosting star.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
title: Real-time Testbed for Validating Distributed Antenna Scenarios
Creators: name: Peethala, Sundar Daniel Victor
name: Kreul, Theo
name: Kaiser, Thomas
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications Online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2017

description: Distributed Antenna Systems (DAS) promise to deliver solutions for the future wireless challenges using multiple remote radio heads (RRHs) in a distributed architecture, thereby supporting high frequency re-use, increased coverage, decreasing interference and latency. DAS architecture consists of multiple RRHs connected to a centralized base station via an optical fiber network. This work explains different DAS deployment techniques on a real-time LTE system. It focuses on the implementation details of LTE PHY on a TI (Texas Instruments) DSP and corresponding processing blocks that need to be adapted to support the functionality of DAS. Different DAS use case scenarios of deployment, their advantages and key performance indicators, are analyzed. This work also includes the measurement results of deploying antenna selection scenario to investigate and validate DAS on a real-time LTE system
The development of interpretive narrative thought throughout late childhood and early adolescence
Creators: name: Johnston, Erin Leanne
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: AC1 .T484 2002 J645
subject: Storytelling ability in children
subject: Children - Writing
subject: Children's stories - Psychological aspects
subject: Discourse analysis, Narrative

description: Bibliography: p. 109-118
Single-Photon-Memory Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Secure Direct Communication -- Part I: Its Fundamentals and Evolution
Creators: name: Li, Xiang-Jie
name: Pan, Dong
name: Long, Gui-Lu
name: Hanzo, Lajos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) has attracted a lot of attention, which exploits deep-rooted quantum physical principles to guarantee unconditional security of communication in the face of eavesdropping. We first briefly review the fundamentals of QSDC, and then present its evolution, including its security proof, its performance improvement techniques, and practical implementation. Finally, we discuss the future directions of QSDC.
description: IEEE Communications Letters, 2023
Domain dynamics and fluctuations in artificial square ice at finite temperatures
Creators: name: Budrikis, Zoe
name: Livesey, K. L.
name: Morgan, J. P.
name: Akerman, J.
name: Stein, A.
name: Langridge, S.
name: Marrows, C. H.
name: Stamps, R. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermally-driven formation and evolution of vertex domains is studied for square artificial spin ice. A self consistent mean field theory is used to show how domains of ground state ordering form spontaneously, and how these evolve in the presence of disorder. The role of fluctuations is studied, using Monte Carlo simulations and analytical modelling. Domain wall dynamics are shown to be driven by a biasing of random fluctuations towards processes that shrink closed domains, and fluctuations within domains are shown to generate isolated small excitations, which may stabilise as the effective temperature is lowered. Domain dynamics and fluctuations are determined by interaction strengths, which are controlled by inter-element spacing. The role of interaction strength is studied via experiments and Monte Carlo simulations. Our mean field model is applicable to ferroelectric `spin' ice, and we show that features similar to that of magnetic spin ice can be expected, but with different characteristic temperatures and rates.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures. Submitted to New Journal of Physics
Entwicklung neuer katalytischer Reaktionen mit frustrierten Lewispaaren
Creators: name: Tamke, Sergej
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2016
Subjects: Katalyse
Frustrierte Lewispaare
FLP
Hydrierung
Hydrosilylierung
Zykloisomerisierung
Organokatalyse

description: Frustrierte Lewispaare (FLP) haben sich in den letzten Jahren zu vielversprechenden metallfreien Katalysatoren für organische Transformationen entwickelt. Im Rahmen dieser Dissertation wurden neue FLP katalysierte Reaktionen, basierend auf der Aktivierung von molekularem Wasserstoff, Hydrosilanen sowie C-C-Dreifachbindungen, entwickelt. Zu diesen Reaktionen zählen die Reduktion von Pentafulvenen, die dehydrierende Kupplung von Hydrosilanen mit Aminen und die Zykloisomerisierung von 1,5-Eninen.
Information Geometrically Generalized Covariate Shift Adaptation
Creators: name: Kimura, Masanari
name: Hino, Hideitsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many machine learning methods assume that the training and test data follow the same distribution. However, in the real world, this assumption is very often violated. In particular, the phenomenon that the marginal distribution of the data changes is called covariate shift, one of the most important research topics in machine learning. We show that the well-known family of covariate shift adaptation methods is unified in the framework of information geometry. Furthermore, we show that parameter search for geometrically generalized covariate shift adaptation method can be achieved efficiently. Numerical experiments show that our generalization can achieve better performance than the existing methods it encompasses.
Η κατασκευή του «εμείς» στον πολιτικό λόγο: Οι μεταφορές της Χρυσής Αυγής
Creators: name: Μάνδυλα, Μαρία-Ελένη Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Θεωρία της Εννοιακής Μεταφοράς (ΘΕΜ)
Πολιτικός λόγος
Συλλογική ταυτότητα
Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT)
Political Discourse
Collective identity

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι να εξετάσει τον ρόλο των εννοιακών μεταφορών στην κατασκευή της συλλογικής ταυτότητας στον πολιτικό λόγο και, συγκεκριμένα, στον λόγο της ηγεσίας της οργάνωσης Χρυσή Αυγή. Θεωρητική βάση της παρούσας έρευνας αποτελεί η Θεωρία της Εννοιακής Μεταφοράς (ΘΕΜ). Παράλληλα, για τις ανάγκες της εργασίας έχει δημιουργηθεί ένα Σώμα Κειμένων (ΣΚ) αποτελούμενο από δέκα αποδελτιωμένες ομιλίες και δύο αποσπάσματα κειμένων. Βασικά ερωτήματα της έρευνας αποτελούν το πώς κατασκευάζεται το «Εμείς εναντίον των Άλλων», καθώς και το «Εμείς» και οι «Άλλοι» μεμονωμένα στον λόγο της ηγεσίας της Χρυσής Αυγής. Προκειμένου να απαντήσουμε στα εν λόγω ερωτήματα, εξετάσαμε τις εννοιακές μεταφορές που φαίνεται να έχουν πιο κεντρική θέση στη ρητορική της ηγεσίας της οργάνωσης
description: This study seeks to examine the role of conceptual metaphors in the construction of collective identity in political discourse and, in particular, the discourse of the leading members of the Greek political organisation Golden Dawn, using Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT). The main questions of this study were how “Us vs. Them” is constructed, as well as how “Us” and “Them” are individually constructed in the discourse of Golden Dawn’s leading members. In order to reach some conclusions regarding these questions, we created a corpus consisting of ten transcribed speeches and two text excerpts and examined the conceptual metaphors which seem to have a prominent role in the discourse of the organisation’s leadership.
Spectro-interferometric observations of classical nova V458 Vul 2007
Creators: name: Rajabi, Samira
name: Muterspaugh, Matthew W.
name: Lane, Benjamin F.
name: Sirk, Martin M.
name: Browne, Stanley
name: Ghasempour, Askari
name: Halverson, Samuel P.
name: Kelly, John G.
name: Williamson, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used the Palomar Testbed Interferometer (PTI) to resolve 2.2 $μ$m emission from the classical nova V458 Vul 2007 over the course of several days following its discovery on 2007 August 8.54 UT. We also obtained K-band photometric data and spectra of the nova during the early days of the outburst. We also used photometric measurements from the AAVSO database. This is a unique data set offering a 3-technique approach: high-resolution imaging, spectroscopy and photometry. Our analysis shows that the nova ejecta can be modeled as an inclined disk at low inclination i.e. low ellipticity which is consistent with the nova being in the fireball phase at which the outflowing gas is optically thick, confirmed by the presence of strong P-Cygni Balmer lines in the spectra. The expansion velocity is $\approx$1700 $\rm km\ s^{-1}$, derived from the H$α$ line. By combining the nova's angular expansion rate measured by PTI with the expansion rate measured from spectroscopy, the inferred distance to the nova is 9.9-11.4 kpc. We also used the K-band fluxes and the derived size of the emission to estimate the total mass ejected from the nova $\approx 4\times 10^{-4} M_{\odot}$. The quick transition of the nova from Fe II to He/N class makes V458 Vul 2007 a hybrid nova.
description: 31 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
JUNO Sensitivity to Geoneutrinos
Creators: name: Morales Reveco, Cristobal Ignacio
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: MAYORANA School, Modica, Italy, 4 Jul 2023 - 11 Jul 2023
description: The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is an experiment being built in China, which consist of a 20 kt liquid scintillator detector. The main objective of the experiment is to determine the neutrino mass ordering by measuring reactor anti-neutrinos. The experiment is also expected to have a high sensitivity to geoneutrinos, electron antineutrinos from natural radioactivity decays from 238 Uranium, 232 Thorium in the Earth. The radiogenic heat released in these decays is in a well established relationship with the abundances of Uranium and Thorium. Thus, the measurement of geoneutrino flux can provide an insight on the Earth's energy budget. Within the first year of data taking, JUNO will be able to exceed the precision of the existing results from Borexino and KamLAND experiments. With increased statistics, JUNO will be able to measure Uranium and Thorium fluxes individually and to establish their ratio, yet another important parameter for geo-science community, giving insights about Earth's formation processes.The poster will demonstrate the expected JUNO sensitivity to geoneutrinos, by using Monte Carlo simulations of the signal and the most relevant backgrounds expected in the analysis.
Internet of Texas Water Data Update: Use Cases for Flood, Drought, and Surface Water–Groundwater Interactions
Creators: name: Rosen, Rudolph
name: Mace, Robert E.
name: Hermitte, Sam Marie
name: Wade, Richard
Publisher: name: Texas Water Journal
Year: 2020

description: Experts representative of Texas’ water sectors identified critical water data needs and described the design of a comprehensive open access data system that facilitates use of public water data in Texas at the April 2018 Connecting Texas Water Data Workshop as reported in the Texas Water Journal. Participants described potential use cases to initiate work on the most critical data hubs for connecting Texas water data. This update describes progress on a flood dashboard by the Texas Water Development Board and development of use cases by stakeholders with expertise in water data for drought and surface water – groundwater interactions.
description: Texas Water Journal, Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020)
Tangential Casimir force in the misaligned system: Magnetic media, real conductors, and a torque
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhentao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Uncharged parallel plates in the misaligned system can experience a tangential Casimir force between them. We consider the role of magnetic response in this effect by extending the tangential force to magnetic media, and the extension is realized by working out the total zero-point energy of multilayered magnetodielectrics. Then we investigate the tangential force for real conductors by taking into account the temperature dependence of their dielectric constants, and obtain needed results for experimental investigations that are expected to be conducted at room temperature. Thereafter, we discuss a Casimir torque between parallel plates made of isotropic media, which offers a simple way to realize torques for uncharged surfaces.
description: 10 pages
Phase resolved spectroscopic study of the isolated neutron star RBS 1223 (1RXS J130848.6+212708)
Creators: name: Hambaryan, V.
name: Suleimanov, V.
name: Schwope, A. D.
name: Neuhaeuser, R.
name: Werner, K.
name: Potekhin, A. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The data from all observations of RBS 1223 (1RXS J130848.6+212708) conducted by XMM-Newton EPIC pn with the same instrumental setup in 2003-2007 were combined to form spin-phase resolved spectra. A number of complex models of neutron stars with strongly magnetized ($B_{pole} 10^{13}-10^{14}$ G) surface, with temperature and magnetic field distributions around magnetic poles, and partially ionized hydrogen thin atmosphere above it have been implemented into the X-ray spectral fitting package XSPEC for simultaneous fitting of phase-resolved spectra. A Markov-Chain-Monte-Carlo (MCMC) approach is also applied to verify results of fitting and estimating in multi parameter models. The spectra in different rotational phase intervals and light curves in different energy bands with high S/N ratio show a high complexity. The spectra can be parameterized with a Gaussian absorption line superimposed on a blackbody spectrum, while the light curves with double-humped shape show strong dependence of pulsed fraction upon the energy band (13%-42%), which indicates that radiation emerges from at least two emitting areas. A model with condensed iron surface and partially ionized hydrogen thin atmosphere above it allows us to fit simultaneously the observed general spectral shape and the broad absorption feature observed at 0.3 keV in different spin phases of RBS 1223. It allowed to constrain some physical properties of X-ray emitting areas, i.e. the temperatures ($T_{p1} ~ 105$ eV, $T_{p2} ~ 99$ eV), magnetic field strengths ($B_{p1}= B_{p2} ~ 8.6x10^{13}$G) at the poles, and their distributions parameters ($a_{1} 0.61, a_{2} 0.29$, indicating an absence of strong toroidal magnetic field component). In addition, it puts some constraints on the geometry of the emerging X-ray emission and gravitational redshift ($z=0.16^{+0.03}_{-0.01}$) of RBS 1223.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, Astronomy and Astrophysics accepted
SYK ubiquitination by CBL E3 ligases restrains cross-presentation of dead cell-associated antigens by type 1 dendritic cells.
Creators: name: Henry, Conor M
name: Castellanos, Carlos A
name: Buck, Michael D
name: Giampazolias, Evangelos
name: Frederico, Bruno
name: Cardoso, Ana
name: Rogers, Neil C
name: Schulz, Oliver
name: Lee, Sonia
name: Canton, Johnathan
name: Faull, Peter
name: Snijders, Ambrosius P
name: Mohapatra, Bhopal
name: Band, Hamid
name: Reis e Sousa, Caetano
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: Tumour Biology
subject: Tumour Biology
classificationCode: Chemical Biology & High Throughput
subject: Chemical Biology & High Throughput
classificationCode: Infectious Disease
subject: Infectious Disease
classificationCode: Immunology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: Computational & Systems Biology
subject: Computational & Systems Biology
classificationCode: Model organisms
subject: Model organisms
classificationCode: Biochemistry & Proteomics
subject: Biochemistry & Proteomics

description: Cross-presentation of dead cell-associated antigens by conventional dendritic cells type 1 (cDC1s) is critical for CD8+ T cells response against many tumors and viral infections. It is facilitated by DNGR-1 (CLEC9A), an SYK-coupled cDC1 receptor that detects dead cell debris. Here, we report that DNGR-1 engagement leads to rapid activation of CBL and CBL-B E3 ligases to cause K63-linked ubiquitination of SYK and terminate signaling. Genetic deletion of CBL E3 ligases or charge-conserved mutation of target lysines within SYK abolishes SYK ubiquitination and results in enhanced DNGR-1-dependent antigen cross-presentation. We also find that cDC1 deficient in CBL E3 ligases are more efficient at cross-priming CD8+ T cells to dead cell-associated antigens and promoting host resistance to tumors. Our findings reveal a role for CBL-dependent ubiquitination in limiting cross-presentation of dead cell-associated antigens and highlight an axis of negative regulation of cDC1 activity that could be exploited to increase anti-tumor immunity.
Human cortex development is shaped by molecular and cellular brain systems
Creators: name: Lotter, Leon
name: Saberi, Amin
name: Hansen, Justine Y.
name: Misic, Bratislav
name: Paquola, Casey
name: Barker, Gareth J.
name: Bokde, Arun L. W.
name: Desrivières, Sylvane
name: Flor, Herta
name: Grigis, Antoine
name: Garavan, Hugh
name: Gowland, Penny
name: Heinz, Andreas
name: Brühl, Rüdiger
name: Martinot, Jean-Luc
name: Paillère, Marie-Laure
name: Artiges, Eric
name: Orfanos, Dimitri Papadopoulos
name: Paus, Tomáš
name: Poustka, Luise
name: Hohmann, Sarah
name: Fröhner, Juliane H.
name: Smolka, Michael N.
name: Vaidya, Nilakshi
name: Walter, Henrik
name: Whelan, Robert
name: Schumann, Gunter
name: Nees, Frauke
name: Banaschewski, Tobias
name: Eickhoff, Simon B.
name: Dukart, Juergen
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: doi:10.1101/2023.05.05.539537
description: Human brain morphology undergoes complex changes over the lifespan. Despite recent progress in tracking brain development via normative models, current knowledge of underlying biological mechanisms is highly limited. We demonstrate that human cerebral cortex development unfolds along patterns of molecular and cellular brain organization, traceable from population-level to individual developmental trajectories. During childhood and adolescence, cortex-wide spatial distributions of dopaminergic receptors, inhibitory neurons, glial cell populations, and brain-metabolic features explain up to 50% of variance associated with regional cortical thickness trajectories. Adult cortical change patterns are best explained by cholinergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission. These relationships are supported by developmental gene expression trajectories and translate to longitudinal data from over 8,000 adolescents, explaining up to 59% of developmental change at population- and 18% at single-subject level. Integrating multilevel brain atlases with normative modeling and population neuroimaging provides a biologically meaningful path to understand typical and atypical brain development in living humans.
Simulating flexible polymers in a potential of randomly distributed hard disks
Creators: name: Schöbl, Sebastian
name: Zierenberg, Johannes
name: Janke, Wolfhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform equilibrium computer simulations of a two-dimensional pinned flexible polymer exposed to a quenched disorder potential consisting of hard disks. We are especially interested in the high-density regime of the disorder, where subtle structures such as cavities and channels play a central role. We apply an off-lattice growth algorithm proposed by Garel and Orland [J. Phys. A 23, L621 (1990)], where a distribution of polymers is constructed in parallel by growing each of them monomer by monomer. In addition we use a multicanonical Monte Carlo method in order to cross-check the results of the growth algorithm. We measure the end-to-end distribution and the tangent-tangent correlations. We also investigate the scaling behavior of the mean square end-to-end distance in dependence of the monomer number. While the influence of the potential in the low-density case is merely marginal, it dominates the configurational properties of the polymer for high densities.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
The experiences of rural and remote family palliative caregivers who commute with a family member for advanced cancer care at an urban center
Creators: name: Lockie, Sharon Jane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Commuting for advanced cancer care represents an important option for rural families who require palliative care. Few studies have focused on the experience of traveling for cancer care, and fewer still illuminate family palliative caregivers’ (FPCs) perspectives. The purpose of this qualitative study was to describe the experiences of rural FPCs who supported patients in commuting to a regional cancer centre for palliative care. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 FPCs (27-73 yrs) who were involved in commutes ranging from 24-774 km one way. FPCs in this study had the key responsibility for their family members’ personal needs as they sought palliative treatment and consultation. Data analysis revealed important contextual factors influencing FPCs’ experiences including the independent nature of rural dwellers, rural support networks, and familiarity with long distance travel. The dedication of FPCs to making the commuting experience as positive as possible for their family members was a central theme. Accordingly, FPCs were involved in extensive preparations for trips, managing the financial implications of commuting, taking extra precautions - just in case, monitoring the impact of travel on both the patient and themselves, and providing comfort and support during commutes. The work of commuting was stressful, tiring, and sometimes pushed FPCs beyond comfortable limits. Despite these challenges, FPCs spoke of the importance of “making the best it” by taking full advantage of the time spent with their family member and incorporating other activities to make each trip worthwhile. Participant recommendations for supporting FPCs involved in commuting for care targeted the importance of self care. Practice recommendations, therefore, include a holistic assessment of the FPC and the family member and their needs as they continue to commute for palliative care. Policy changes to support financial needs and plan treatment visits that will minimize commuting are indicated. Finally, research initiatives are indicated in order to focus attention on diversity issues such as gender and ethnicity among rural and remote palliative caregivers. Commuting for care as a FPC is still emerging as an area of research study.
title: Surge Margin Optimization of Centrifugal Compressors Using a New Objective Function Based on Local Flow Parameters
Creators: name: Ratz, Johannes
name: Leichtfuß, Sebastian
name: Beck, Maximilian
name: Schiffer, Heinz-Peter
name: Fröhlig, Friedrich
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: Currently, 3D-CFD design optimization of centrifugal compressors in terms of the surge margin is one major unresolved issue. On that account, this paper introduces a new kind of objective function. The objective function is based on local flow parameters present at the design point of the centrifugal compressor. A centrifugal compressor with a vaned diffuser is considered to demonstrate the performance of this approach. By means of a variation of the beta angle distribution of the impeller and diffuser blade, 73 design variations are generated, and several local flow parameters are evaluated. Finally, the most promising flow parameter is transferred into an objective function, and an optimization is carried out. It is shown that the new approach delivers similar results as a comparable optimization with a classic objective function using two operating points for surge margin estimation, but with less computational effort since no second operating point near the surge needs to be considered.
Positive combinations of projections in von Neumann algebras and purely infinite simple C*-algebras
Creators: name: Kaftal, V.
name: Ng, P. W.
name: Zhang, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L05, 47C15

description: We give an overview of the question: which positive elements in an operator algebra can be written as a linear combination of projections with positive coefficients. A special case of independent interest is the question of which positive elements can be written as a sum of finitely many projections. We focus on von Neumann algebras, on purely infinite simple C*-algebras, and on their associated multiplier algebras.