cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Data privacy in knowledge discovery
Creators: name: Jagannathan, Geetha
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: This thesis addresses data privacy in various stages of extracting knowledge embedded in databases. Advances in computer networking and database technologies have enabled the collection and storage of vast quantities of data.   Legal and ethical considerations might require measures to protect an individual's privacy in any use or release of the data.    In this thesis, we address the problem of preserving privacy in the two following cases:  (1)  in distributed knowledge discovery; (2) in situations where the output of a data mining algorithm could itself breach privacy.    We present results in two different models, namely secure multiparty computation (SMC) and differential privacy.  The first part of the thesis presents privacy preserving protocols in the SMC model.  Secure multiparty computation involves the collaborative computation of functions based on inputs from multiple parties. The privacy goal is to ensure that all parties  receive only the final output without any party learning anything beyond what can be inferred from the output.  Within this framework we address the problem of preserving privacy in the preprocessing and the data mining stages of knowledge  discovery in databases.  For the preprocessing stage, we present private protocols for the imputation of missing data in a dataset that is shared between two parties.  For the data mining stage, we introduce the notion of arbitrarily partitioned data that generalizes both horizontally and vertically partitioned data. We present a privacy-preserving protocol for k-means clustering of arbitrarily partitioned data. We also develop a new simple k-clustering algorithm  that was designed to be converted into a communication-efficient protocol for private clustering.    The second part of the thesis deals with privacy in situations where the output of a data mining algorithm could itself breach privacy.  In this setting, we present private inference control protocols in the SMC model for On-line Analytical Processing systems.  In the differential privacymodel, the goal is to provide access to a statistical database while preserving the privacy of every individual in the database, irrespective of any auxiliary information that may be available to the database client. Under this privacy model, we present a practical privacy preserving decision tree classifier using random decision trees.
Additional file 1: of GRcalculator: an online tool for calculating and mining doseâ  response data
Creators: name: Clark, Nicholas
name: Hafner, Marc
name: Kouril, Michal
name: Williams, Elizabeth
name: Muhlich, Jeremy
name: Pilarczyk, Marcin
name: Niepel, Mario
name: Sorger, Peter
name: Medvedovic, Mario
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Step-by-Step GR Calculator Example. Supplementary document describing step by step example of using GRcalculator (PDF 1256 kb)
Rethinking Athenian imperialism
Creators: name: Jensen, Sean Ryan
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: This dissertation examines the territorial possessions of the members of the Delian League, which I refer to as sub-hegemonies, since these regional hegemonies existed under the overarching control of Athens. Specifically, this study focuses on the administrative processes of syntely (grouping of tributaries often headed by a regional hegemonic state) and apotaxis (dissolution of tributary groupings) as a means of illuminating wider questions of fiscal administration, clashing imperialisms, and the coherence of tributary polities.   Traditionally, scholars of the Delian League have mainly focused on Athens’ role as the hegemonic state of an empire stretching throughout the Aegean and Ionia. Canonical studies such as the Athenian Tribute Lists and Russell Meiggs’ Athenian Empire have traced the development of Athens from the head of an alliance to the ruthless mistress of an empire. Much scholarship was devoted to charting the ways in which Athens exerted her will over her imperial subjects. Little attention was focused on the allies themselves outside of generalizations about the disenchantment with Athenian rule and periodic revolts. In place of an analysis of this kind, I examine the various sub-hegemonies that many allies in the league controlled, such as the peraiai (‘coastal strips’) possessed by the large insular allies, including Thasos and Rhodes, as well as the regional hegemonies of important littoral states. My conclusions reveal that Athenian policy was much more varied than previous analysis has shown and that the allied states often managed the tribute system to their advantage and were generally successful in maintaining their traditional spheres of influence. For example, syntelic and apotaxic tributary arrangements were primarily strategies employed by the allies to meet the changing demands for tribute and not solely determined by Athens to enhance revenue or weaken an ally. Moreover, Athens generally tolerated and even supported the historical claims of large states such as Miletos, and Mytilene. Thus, Athenian policy was more flexible and less imperialistic than is often understood.
Djeboa obovata Cook 1966
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Cook, David
name: Gerecke, Reinhard
name: Smit, Harry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Mideopsidae
Djeboa
Djeboa obovata

description: Djeboa obovata (Cook, 1966)
(Figs. 31A–F)
Mideopsis (Djeboa) obovata Cook 1966: 240.
Material examined: Type series: FMC, Liberia; holotype female, Congo Town area, water filled ditch, 30.vii.1958 Cook (Coll. 105); paratype male, same data as holotype.
General features: Idiosoma tapering posteriorly, obovoid in shape (L/W ratio 1.1–1.2), dorsal shield without medial depression; muscle scars with weakly pronounced thickenings, located anterior and posterior to the postocularia; colour pattern unknown; gnathosomal bay Y-shaped, narrowing in posterior half; tips of Cx-I ending posterior to frontal margin; medial margin of Cx-IV not reduced to a median angle; Cx-III and -IV with a few longitudinal striae (two or three pairs on Cx-IV) Palp (Fig. 31D): P-1 without a dorsal seta; P-2 with slightly concave ventral and convexly bowed dorsal margin; P-3 ventral margin slightly concave; P-4 equally narrowing from the base to distal edge. Legs: I-L (Fig. 31E) with I-L-6 dL/H ratio 3.2; IV-L: Fig. 31F.
Discussion: Differing from all known species of the genus in the obovate idiosoma shape.
Distribution: Liberia (Cook 1966).
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Cook, David, Gerecke, Reinhard & Smit, Harry, 2013, The water mite family Mideopsidae (Acari: Hydrachnidia): a contribution to the diversity in the Afrotropical region and taxonomic changes above species level, pp. 1-75 in Zootaxa 3720 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3720.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/285029
Oxidant-induced injury in the mammalian myocardium
Creators: name: Jaques, Kathryn Michelle
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: For over 100 years, acetaminophen (APAP) has been exclusively used as an efficacious antipyretic and analgesic. Here we report our ongoing investigation of the cardiovascular effects of APAP. In the first part of this study, we investigated the effects of 15 mg/kg APAP on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced canine myocardial dysfunction in vivo. Respiratory, metabolic, and hemodynamic indices such as left ventricularfunction (LVDP and ±dP/dtmax), and percent ectopy were measured in anesthetized, openchestdogs during intravenous administration of increasing doses of H2O2. Following 6.6 mM H2O2, tissue from the LV was harvested for electron microscopy. APAP-treated dogs regained greater fraction of baseline function after high concentrations of H2O2.Moreover, the incidence of H2O2 -induced ventricular arrhythmias was reduced in APAP treated dogs. Additionally, electron micrograph images of left ventricular tissue confirmed preservation of tissue ultrastructure in APAP-treated hearts. In the second part of this study, we investigated the effects of APAP ondoxorubicin (DOX)-induced murine cardiac fibrosis in vivo, with a more detailed investigation of osteopontin (OPN) involvement using the H9c2 myocyte cell line invitro. We hypothesized that APAP would attenuate DOX-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent fibrosis via attenuation of increased cardiomyocyte OPN synthesis. In H9c2 cells, we found a dose-dependent decrease in cell viability at allconcentrations of DOX, which was attenuated by 50 μM APAP. Increased ROS was observed at all concentrations of DOX, which also was attenuated by APAP. A trend of DOX-induced increased OPN RNA synthesis was observed, and was significantlydecreased in the presence of APAP. Additionally, in WT and OPN-/- mice receiving four weekly injections of 4 mg/kg DOX ± APAP (30 mg/kg), we found increased fibrosis in groups receiving DOX as compared to those receiving DOX + APAP. Furthermore,fibrosis in WT mice was higher than OPN-/- mice after DOX. Our results support the following conclusions: APAP is protective against (1) H2O2 –induced canine myocardial dysfunction, (2) H2O2 –induced arrhythmias, and (3) DOX injury by decreasing ROS, and(4) lowering OPN RNA synthesis. (5) The absence OPN and presence of APAP decrease the severity of myocardial fibrosis due to DOX injury.
Gymnocypris chinghainensis Tchang & Zhang 1963
Creators: name: Ye, Enqi
name: Xing, Yingchun
name: Zhang, Chunguang
name: Zhao, Yahui
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Cypriniformes
Cyprinidae
Gymnocypris
Gymnocypris chinghainensis

description: Gymnocypris chinghainensis Tchang & Zhang, 1963 (Fig. 17)
= Gymnocypris przewalskii (Kessler, 1876)
Holotype. 45573 ♀ (59-1), Heima Estuary of Qinghai Lake, Qinghai Province, P. R. China, Apr. 28, 1959. Paratypes. 45565 (H3064), 45570-45572 (H3048, H3057, H3046), locality with holotype, Aug., 1958; 45569 (59-103), 45574- 45575 (59-2, 59-3), collected with holotype.
description: Published as part of Ye, Enqi, Xing, Yingchun, Zhang, Chunguang & Zhao, Yahui, 2015, Catalogue of the type specimens in the fish collection of the National Zoological Museum, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, pp. 10-113 in Zootaxa 3962 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3962.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/233837
PROP taster status and its influence on dietary intake and plasma concentrations of α-tocopherol
Creators: name: Koelliker, Yvonne
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: Foods rich in Vitamin E (α-tocopherol), such as green, leafy vegetables and vegetable oils, are known to be an important part of a healthy diet, as Vitamin E has been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease through a variety of mechanisms.  However, often these foods contain phytonutrients which impart a bitter taste, making them less acceptable to consumers.  Sensitivity to 6-n-propylthiouracil (PROP) may be a marker for the selection of Vitamin E-rich foods.  Some studies have demonstrated that PROP non-tasters (NT) showed a higher acceptance of bitter fruits, vegetables and vegetable oils than PROP tasters.  The aim of this study was to relate PROP sensitivity to dietary intake and plasma concentrations of α-tocopherol.  Healthy, non-vegetarian females, ages 21-44 years, who did not take dietary supplements, were classified as NT (n=30), MT (n=33), and ST (n=30) based on the PROP paper disk method.  The subjects provided three, 24-hour diet recalls, collected using NDS-R.  Eating attitudes were measured using the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire. One fasting blood sample was collected from each subject and analyzed for α-tocopherol.  There were no differences in the consumption of Vitamin E-rich foods or total α-tocopherol across taster groups.  When the subjects were divided by restrained eating, non-restrained NT had higher intakes of α-tocopherol than the other groups (p=0.05).  There were no differences among PROP taster groups for plasma α-tocopherol status.  However, when the subjects were divided by “higher” and “lower” plasma concentrations of α-tocopherol, differences were seen in the “higher” group, where NT had significantly higher concentrations of α-tocopherol in their plasma than MT or ST (p=0.05).  Regressions were performed to determine the factors contributing to “higher” and “lower” plasma concentrations.  Among those subjects with “higher” levels, dairy intake, energy intake, and PROP taster status were found to influence plasma concentrations.  These data suggest that PROP taster status influences the consumption and plasma concentrations of α-tocopherol.  Further research should examine long-term intake of α-tocopherol and its relationship to plasma status, and the health implications of this relationship.
Task allocation for networked autonomous underwater vehicles
Creators: name: Kulkarni, Indraneel S.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks (UW-ASNs) consist of stationary or mobile nodes such as Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs), which may be classified as propeller-driven vehicles and gliders, that are equipped with a variety of sensors for performing collaborative monitoring tasks. UW-ASNs are envisioned for missions like oceanographic data collection, ocean sampling, offshore exploration, disaster prevention, tsunami and seaquake warning, assisted navigation, distributed tactical surveillance, and mine reconnaissance. A task allocation and optimization framework for networked AUVs that participate as a team to accomplish such missions is developed in this work. These missions entrusted to the AUVs are sometimes critical to human life and property, are bound by severe time and energy constraints, and involve a high degree of inter-vehicular communication. The objective of the framework is to form the best possible team, which is a subset of all deployed AUVs that is best suited to accomplish the mission, while adhering to the constraints. Successful  completion of the mission is dependent on effective communication between the networked AUVs and to achieve this a geocasting based networking framework is also proposed. Research specific to this area has been limited. Hence, a framework based on energy minimization for the team of AUVs to complete the mission in given time bound is proposed. Further, the effect of size of geocast region, effect of underwater current on the choice of geocast region and on localized nature of the problem, and the performance of Propeller Driven Vehicles (PDVs) and gliders is compared.
Rodent control strategies and Lassa virus: some unexpected effects in Guinea, West Africa.
Creators: name: Mariën, Joachim
name: Sage, Mickaël
name: Bangura, Umaru
name: Lamé, Alicia
name: Koropogui, Michel
name: Rieger, Toni
name: Soropogui, Barré
name: Douno, Moussa
name: Magassouba, N’Faly
name: Fichet-Calvet, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: The Natal multimammate mouse (Mastomys natalensis) is the host of Lassa mammarenavirus, causing Lassa haemorrhagic fever in West Africa. As there is currently no operational vaccine and therapeutic drugs are limited, we explored rodent control as an alternative to prevent Lassa virus spillover in Upper Guinea, where the disease is highly endemic in rural areas. In a seven-year experiment, we distributed rodenticides for 10-30 days once a year and, in the last year, added intensive snap trapping for three months in all the houses of one village. We also captured rodents both before and after the intervention period to assess their effectiveness by examining alterations in trapping success and infection rates (Lassa virus RNA and IgG antibodies). We found that both interventions reduced the rodent population by 74-92% but swiftly rebounded to pre-treatment levels, even already six months after the last snap-trapping control. Furthermore, while we observed that chemical control modestly decreased Lassa virus infection rates annually (a reduction of 5% in seroprevalence per year), the intensive trapping unexpectedly led to a significantly higher infection rate (from a seroprevalence of 25% before to 60% after snap trapping control). After six years, we conclude that annual chemical control, alone or with intensive trapping, is ineffective and sometimes counterproductive in preventing Lassa virus spillover in rural villages. These unexpected findings may result from density-dependent breeding compensation following culling and the survival of a small percentage of chronically infected rodents that may spread the virus to a new susceptible generation of mice.
Parameter estimation from grouped data with applications to meta-analysis
Creators: name: Kuo, Yen-Hong
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: Categorizing a continuous variable is easy for communication and statistical analysis in public health and medical research. However, categorization loses information, reduces statistical power, and biases the estimate of a dose-response association while reducing its efficiency. Further, it jeopardizes the validity and efficiency of a meta-analysis because of the single cutoff point and/or inconsistent cutoff points in the included studies. In order to appropriately summarize the estimates from each study in a meta-analysis with comparable categories or dose-response association, a new approach on re-estimating the underlying distribution of a categorized covariate by using the published information is the first step. This dissertation research proposes two types of approaches to estimate the underlying distribution. The first approach is linear model approach. When the underlying distribution follows a normal distribution, a linear model can be constructed by using the mean, standard deviation, and cutoff points with their cumulative probabilities in each study. The parameters can be estimated via the weighted mixed-effect linear regression model. When the underlying distribution follows a gamma distribution, a linear model is derived by applying a property of the incomplete gamma distribution. The parameters can be estimated by using a numerical iteration algorithm. The second approach is a goodness-of-fit approach. When the parameters of the underlying distribution cannot be linearized, based on the cutoff points and their cumulative probabilities in each study, the parameter estimates minimize the distance between the expected and observed values. We also applied this approach to estimate the parameters of a categorized zero-inflated distribution: the proportion of excess zero and the continuous variables. In addition, we discuss the impacts from categorization on the relative efficiency of estimating the parameters and the dose-response association, and the validity of the dose-response association by maximum likelihood approach via the multinomial distribution and simulation studies. In summary, the main contribution from this dissertation is that our approaches use published data to convert from the disadvantage of inconsistent cutoff points in many studies into useful information and to improve meta-analysis. We also generalize the approaches of evaluating the impacts from categorizing a continuous variable.
Gymnocypris chui Tchang, Yue & Huang 1964
Creators: name: Ye, Enqi
name: Xing, Yingchun
name: Zhang, Chunguang
name: Zhao, Yahui
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Cypriniformes
Cyprinidae
Gymnocypris
Gymnocypris chui

description: Gymnocypris chui Tchang, Yue & Huang, 1964 (Fig. 18)
Holotype. 44762 ♂ (TS-256), Lange Lake, Namu Town, Lazi County, Xizang Province, P. R. China, Aug. 5, 1961.
Paratypes. 44753-44756 (TS-229, TS-231, TS-233, TS-239), 44758-44761 (TS-245, TS-247, TS-248, TS-252), 44763-44764 (TS-257, TS-258), 46102-46106 (TS-230, TS-243, TS-246, TS-250, TS254), collected with holotype.
description: Published as part of Ye, Enqi, Xing, Yingchun, Zhang, Chunguang & Zhao, Yahui, 2015, Catalogue of the type specimens in the fish collection of the National Zoological Museum, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, pp. 10-113 in Zootaxa 3962 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3962.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/233837
Coralline P/CA
Creators: name: LaVigne, Michèle Gloria
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: The supply of limiting nutrients to the low latitude ocean is controlled by physical  processes linked to climate variations, but methods for reconstructing past nutrient  concentrations in the surface ocean are few and indirect. This thesis presents the first  calibration and downcore application of a new surface ocean phosphate (PO4 SW) proxy  derived from coral skeleton P/Ca ratios.  Skeletal P/Ca cycles tracked variations in past PO4 SW synchronously with  temperature variations associated with seasonal upwelling in a 4-year Gulf of Panamá  Pavona gigantea coral. P/Ca records in co-located Gulf of Panamá Pavona gigantea and  Porites lobata colonies were strongly correlated to a contemporaneous time-series record  of PO4 SW, supporting application of multi-colony calibration equations to down-core  records.  The P/Ca proxy was applied downcore to reconstruct an 18-year history of central  equatorial Pacific PO4 SW. The PO4 SW record decreased during El Niño warm phases,  resulting from decreased upwelling. In addition, a large 6-fold decrease in PO4 SW  occurred from ~1982-1990, distinct from sea surface temperature changes in the central  Equatorial Pacific. The decadal scale nutrient regime shift likely occurred in response to  the observed decreases in wind stress and equatorial upwelling with possible linkages to  the 1976/77 climate shift and changes in mid-latitude upwelling source water.  The reliability of P/Ca was tested in low nutrient environments (Gulf of Eilat,  Israel and Florida Keys, USA). Downcore P/Ca variability is low on centennial  timescales in the Florida Keys record, implying that other possible influences on P  incorporation (i.e. biological vital effects) are minimal and that the P/Ca proxy is not  subject to major diagenetic alteration.  With further development, the coralline P/Ca proxy could be applied to  reconstruct PO4 SW on millennial timescales and be used to place modern tropical and  subtropical nutrient distributions and dynamics in a paleoceanographic perspective.
Inflammation associated with monocyte/macrophage activation and recruitment corresponds with lethal outcome in a mouse model of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever
Creators: name: Sorvillo, Teresa E.
name: Ritter, Jana M.
name: Welch, Stephen R.
name: Coleman-McCray, JoAnn D.
name: Davies, Katherine A.
name: Hayes, Heather M.
name: Pegan, Scott D.
name: Montgomery, Joel M.
name: Bergeron, Éric
name: Spiropoulou, Christina F.
name: Spengler, Jessica R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) causes human disease ranging from subclinical to a fatal hemorrhagic syndrome. Determinants of CCHF pathogenesis are largely unknown and animal models that recapitulate human disease are limited. A recently described mouse model uses a monoclonal antibody (mAb 5A3) targeting the interferon (IFN) alpha/beta receptor to suppress type I IFN responses, making animals transiently susceptible to infection. To advance utility of this model, we investigated effects of challenge route, timing of 5A3 delivery, mouse sex and age, and virus strain on clinical course and outcome. C57BL/6J mice received mAb 5A3 -1, 0, or -1/+1 days post-infection (dpi). Subsets were challenged with CCHFV strain Turkey04 or IbAr10200 subcutaneously or intraperitoneally, and serially euthanized 3- and 7-dpi, when meeting euthanasia criteria or at study completion (14 dpi). CCHFV-IbAr10200-infected mice almost uniformly succumbed to infection, whereas CCHFV-Turkey04-infected mice transiently lost weight but survived. These results were consistent regardless of mAb timing or route of challenge. Viral replication and dissemination were comparable between the two strains at 3 dpi. However, in the plasma and livers of non-survivors, expression of proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines that correspond with macrophage activation and recruitment were significantly elevated. Lethal disease was also associated with elevated levels of macrophage activation marker CD163 in plasma. Further, mouse macrophages were more permissive to IbAr1200 infection in vitro, suggesting tropism for these cells may influence pathogenesis. Our data suggest that early inflammation may be a critical determinant of CCHF outcome and therapeutics to control inflammation may be worthwhile targets for future investigation.
Gymnocypris convexaventris Tchang & Zhang 1963
Creators: name: Ye, Enqi
name: Xing, Yingchun
name: Zhang, Chunguang
name: Zhao, Yahui
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Cypriniformes
Cyprinidae
Gymnocypris
Gymnocypris convexaventris

description: Gymnocypris convexaventris Tchang & Zhang, 1963 (Fig. 19)
= Gymnocypris przewalskii (Kessler, 1876)
Holotype. 45585 ♀ (62-4), Tieboka, Qinghai Lake, Qinghai Province, P. R. China, Mar. 1, 1962. Paratypes. 45576 (62-12), 45586-45587 (62-3, 62-5), collected with holotype.
description: Published as part of Ye, Enqi, Xing, Yingchun, Zhang, Chunguang & Zhao, Yahui, 2015, Catalogue of the type specimens in the fish collection of the National Zoological Museum, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, pp. 10-113 in Zootaxa 3962 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3962.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/233837
Comparing immigration policies in Japan and Korea
Creators: name: LEE, BYOUNGHA
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: This dissertation, Comparing Immigration Policies in Japan and Korea: a historical-institutionalist approach examines convergence and divergence in immigration policies between Japan and Korea. I challenge a well-established hypothesis that supports policy convergence based on the experiences of European countries. I argue that significant policy divergence has occurred between Korea and Japan especially when it comes to unskilled foreign workers, while policy convergence has been observed in return migration policies toward ethnic Koreans and Japanese. To explain these puzzles, I propose a historical-institutionalist approach to immigration policy by placing special emphasis on intra-governmental competition and political coalitions between state and social movement organizations (e.g. pro-migrant NGOs) in the policy-making processes. Using data from governmental sources and interviews, I find that political coalitions between state and pro-migrant civic organizations lead to liberal policies toward unskilled foreign workers in Korea, whereas the absence of influence of civil society in the policy-making process makes immigrant policies less liberal and less flexible in Japan. This comparative study outside of traditional western states not only broadens the empirical scope of international migration studies, but also tests whether current migration theories that heavily rely on Euroamerican cases may apply more generally to non-Western cases. For studying other policy areas, my research also can provide new analytical dimension including roles of new social movements in policy domains beyond the traditional view of bureaucracy-led policymaking in Japan and Korea.
Influenza D virus infection in China, 2022–2023
Creators: name: Yu, Jieshi
name: Wen, Zhenyu
name: Hu, Wanke
name: Chen, Mingwang
name: Zhang, Yuanlong
name: Liu, Shasha
name: Wang, Gang
name: Wang, Zhao
name: Wang, Dan
name: Zhai, Shao-lun
name: Wei, Wen-kang
name: Li, Tianyu
name: Liao, Ming
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Influenza D virus (IDV) plays an important role in the bovine respiratory disease (BRD) complex. Its potential for the zoonotic transmission is of particular concern. In China, IDV has previously been identified in agricultural animals by molecular surveys with no live virus isolates reported. In this study, live IDVs were successfully isolated from cattle in China, which prompted us to further investigate the national prevalence, antigenic property, and infection biology of the virus. IDV RNA was detected in 11.1% (51/460) of cattle throughout the country in 2022–2023. Moreover, we conducted the first IDV serosurveillance in China, revealing a high seroprevalence (91.4%, 393/430) of IDV in cattle during the 2022–2023 winter season. Notably, all the 16 provinces from which cattle originated possessed seropositive animals, and 3 of them displayed the 100% IDV-seropositivity rate. In contrast, a very low seroprevalence of IDV was observed in pigs (3%, 3/100) and goats (1%, 1/100) during the same period of investigation. Furthermore, besides D/Yama2019 lineage-like IDVs, we discovered the D/660 lineage-like IDV in Chinese cattle, which has not been detected to date in Asia. Finally, the Chinese IDVs replicated robustly in diverse cell lines but less efficiently in the swine cell line. Considering the nationwide distribution, high seroprevalence, and appreciably genetic diversity, further studies are required to fully evaluate the risk of Chinese IDVs for both animal and human health in China, which can be evidently facilitated by IDV isolates reported in this study.
Parametric modeling and optimization of thermal systems with design uncertainties
Creators: name: Lin, Po Ting
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: Thermal systems play significant roles in the engineering practices and our lives. To improve those thermal systems, it is necessary to model and optimize the operating conditions. More importantly, the design uncertainties should be considered because the failures of the thermal systems may be very dangerous and produce large loss. This study focuses on the parametric modeling and the optimization of the thermal systems with the considerations of the design uncertainties. As an example, the material processing thermal system, the Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD), is simulated with different inlet velocities and susceptor temperatures. Several responses are considered to represent the performance of the thin-film deposition, including the percentage of the working area, the mean of the deposition rate, the root mean square of the deposition, and the surface kurtosis. Those responses are then parametrically modeled by one of the Response Surface Method (RSM), the Radial Basis Function (RBF), and utilized to formulate the optimization problems to enhance the system performances. However, it is not until the design uncertainties are considered that the thermal system designs have high risk of the violations of the performance constraints. One of the Reliability-Based Design Optimization (RBDO) algorithms, the Reliability Index Approach (RIA), is used to solve the optimization problems with the design uncertainties However, the algorithm suffers from a convergence problem when the design point falls into the infeasible domain during the optimization process. A Modified Reliability Index Approach (MRIA) is proposed with a modified definition of the reliability index, and utilized to solve the RBDO problems of the CVD process. The MRIA converts the design space to the standard normal space and finds the Most Probable Points (MPPs) to evaluate the failure probabilities of the performance constraints. The probabilistic optimization problem is then solved using the approximate probabilistic constraints generated in terms of the MPPs. The MRIA has been used to solve several different optimization formulations with both normally and lognormally distributed random variables.  The Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) results verify that the optimal solutions have acceptable failure probabilities.  As a result, the proposed strategy of parametrically modeling and optimizing with design uncertainties can be applied to the experiments or the simulations of other thermal systems to improve their productivity, maintain the quality control, and reduce the probability of system failure.
Process operations with uncertainty and integration considerations
Creators: name: Li, Zukui
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: There has been a lot of attention in recent years towards the application of mathematical modeling and optimization approaches for the solution of production planning and scheduling problems. This is mainly due to the changing economic environment which pushes for more efficient process operations. However, there are still a number of challenges that restrict the effective application of optimization for planning and scheduling problem especially in the process industry. First, decision making in process operations is frequently based on parameters of which the values are uncertain. A systematic treatment of those uncertainties (e.g., processing time variations, rush orders, failed batches, machine breakdowns, etc) is necessary to satisfy the customer demands, increase the efficiency of operations and improve the plant profitability. Moreover, the interactions between the different decision-making levels were often ignored in existing solution approaches, which leads to sub-optimal and even infeasible solutions. Thus the integration of different decision making levels has been recognized by the research community as an imperative problem.  In this work, systematic methods have been developed to address the above challenges. First, different methodologies are proposed to address the uncertainties in process scheduling problem: robust optimization based preventive scheduling strategy which aims at generating a robust preventive schedule to handle the possible parameter perturbations; parametric programming based reactive scheduling strategy which aims at responsive schedule regeneration or updating upon the happening of disruptive events. To address the interaction between planning and scheduling decision levels, a dual decomposition based approach that targets the solution of large scale planning and scheduling integration problem was proposed, which aims at decreasing the computational complexity through decomposition and parallel computation. Finally, the rolling horizon method which provides a promising modeling framework for integrated planning and scheduling and incorporation of uncertainty is studied. A novel method of generating production capacity model through parametric programming technique is proposed, and it is verified that the incorporation of the capacity model into the rolling horizon framework can improve the solution quality.
Djeboa projecta Cook 1966
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Cook, David
name: Gerecke, Reinhard
name: Smit, Harry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Mideopsidae
Djeboa
Djeboa projecta

description: Djeboa projecta (Cook, 1966)
(Fig. 32A–E)
Mideopsis (Djeboa) projecta Cook, 1966: 237.
Material examined: Type series: FMC, Liberia; holotype female, approximately six miles north of Kpain, backwater area of a stream, 7.xi.1957 Cook (Coll. 79); paratype female, Tappita road, approximately 10 miles south of Ganta, small stream, 10.ix.1957 (Coll. 67).
General features: Dorsal shield oval (L/W ratio 1.1), with a slightly pronounced medial depression which is distinctly narrowed in the middle (Fig. 32A); muscle scars with weakly pronounced thickenings, located anterior and posterior to the postocularia; colour pattern unknown; gnathosomal bay Y-shaped, noticeably narrowing in posterior one-half; tips of Cx-I ending posterior to frontal margin; medial margin of Cx-IV not reduced to a median angle; Cx-II, III and -IV with a few longitudinal striae (three to four pairs on Cx-IV). Palp (Fig. 32C): P-1 with a dorsal seta; P-2 with straight ventral and convexly bowed dorsal margin; P-3 proximally thicker than distally, ventral margin concave; P-4 ventral margin concave. Legs: I-L (Fig. 32D) with I-L-6 slender, dL/H ratio 3.6, ventral margin slightly convex; IV-L: Fig. 32E.
Remarks: The combination of the medial depression on dorsal shield distinctly narrowed in the middle, and comparatively long and slender leg segments separates D. projecta from all other members of the genus. At present, only the two females of the type series are known.
Distribution: Liberia; known only from the type locality.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Cook, David, Gerecke, Reinhard & Smit, Harry, 2013, The water mite family Mideopsidae (Acari: Hydrachnidia): a contribution to the diversity in the Afrotropical region and taxonomic changes above species level, pp. 1-75 in Zootaxa 3720 (1) on pages 55-56, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3720.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/285029
Gymnocypris depressus Tchang & Zhang 1963
Creators: name: Ye, Enqi
name: Xing, Yingchun
name: Zhang, Chunguang
name: Zhao, Yahui
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Cypriniformes
Cyprinidae
Gymnocypris
Gymnocypris depressus

description: Gymnocypris depressus Tchang & Zhang, 1963 (Fig. 20)
= Gymnocypris przewalskii (Kessler, 1876)
Holotype. 56808 (59-20), Heima estuary of Qinghai Lake, Qinghai Province, P. R. China, May 6, 1959.
description: Published as part of Ye, Enqi, Xing, Yingchun, Zhang, Chunguang & Zhao, Yahui, 2015, Catalogue of the type specimens in the fish collection of the National Zoological Museum, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, pp. 10-113 in Zootaxa 3962 (1) on page 29, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3962.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/233837
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) regulates the HSF-1-dependent pro-survival mechanism in neurons
Creators: name: Liu, Diana J.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: The heat shock response (HSR) provides cytoprotection against protein misfolding and aggregation, characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Unfortunately, neurons have a diminished ability to mount this HSR. Understanding the molecular mechanism that limits the activation of heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) is imperative for the development of neurodegenerative disease therapeutics. This thesis provides evidence that SIRT1, a histone deacetylase is required for the activation and stability of HSF1. Our results showed that decreased expression of Sirt1 is a feature of differentiating neural progenitor cells and maturing neurons. In addition, we showed decreased Sirt1 expression results in a decreased amount and activity of HSF1, which contributes to an attenuated HSR. Understanding the regulation and function of HSF1 in neuronal cells, and will expedite advancements in therapeutics development to harness the HSF1-dependent pro-survival mechanism to mitigate disease processes of neurons.
Pachygnatha Sundevall 1823
Creators: name: Huang, Zongguang
name: Wu, Yecheng
name: Yin, Haiqiang
name: Xu, Xiang
name: Chen, Junhao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Tetragnathidae
Pachygnatha

description: Genus Pachygnatha Sundevall, 1823
Pachygnatha Sundevall, 1823: 16
Diagnosis: Males of Pachygnatha resemble those of Glenognatha by the presence of a retrolateral apophysis on the conductor (Figs 13B, D, 14; Cabra-García & Brescovit 2016, fig. 74G), but can be distinguished from the latter by the paracymbium with a middle apophysis and pointing to the same direction as the cymbium (Figs 2B, 8B), versus the paracymbium without a middle apophysis but with a more or less expanded distal portion and pointing to the opposite direction in relation to the cymbium in Glenognatha (Cabra-García & Brescovit 2016, figs 11H, 16H). Pachygnatha can also be distinguished from Glenognatha in both male and female by the position of tracheal spiracle, distinctly nearer to the colulus in Pachygnatha (Fig. 7B) than in Glenognatha (Cabra-García & Brescovit 2016, fig. 14G).
Type species: Pachygnatha clercki Sundevall, 1823 from Norway.
description: Published as part of Huang, Zongguang, Wu, Yecheng, Yin, Haiqiang, Xu, Xiang & Chen, Junhao, 2024, Two new species of the long-jawed orb-weaving spider genus Pachygnatha Sundevall, 1823 (Araneae, Tetragnathidae) from southern China, pp. 385-406 in Zootaxa 5555 (3) on page 387, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5555.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/14594782
A rat model of fetal alcohol syndrome
Creators: name: Luu, Truc N.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: The maternal consumption of alcohol during pregnancy produces a wide range of abnormalities in the offspring. The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate the (1) effects of prenatal ethanol exposure in two types of animal behavioral models and (2) effects on gene expression patterns produced by prenatal ethanol exposure. Sprague-Dawley rats from fetal alcohol exposure (FAE) and pair-fed (PF) treatment groups were tested as young adults. The purpose of the first study is to assess the effects of prenatal ethanol exposure on anxiety and social behaviors. The elevated plus maze model is used to measure anxiety and the social interaction model is used to study social activity in an open-field. Based on previous literature, we hypothesize that prenatal ethanol exposure will result in a significant difference in activity on the elevated plus maze and open-field. However, our data from the behavioral tests do not show a robust difference between the prenatally exposed and the pair-fed animals. There are no significant effects of prenatal ethanol exposure on the open versus closed arms of the plus maze. There are also no significant effects of prenatal ethanol exposure on social interaction with a companion rat. A reason for the subtle differences between the two behavioral tests is likely due to handling prior to the testing manipulations.   The purpose of the second study is to see the effects of prenatal ethanol exposure on gene expression. We hypothesize that FAE significantly affects gene expression, and using gene profiling techniques, we examine the patterns of gene expression in control and treated populations. In our study, we analyze gene expression profiles with pathway analysis as the approach. We identify specific molecular pathways that are significantly impacted by prenatal alcohol exposure. We further extend this study by focusing on the long-term potentiation (LTP) pathway and examine multiple molecular components in this pathway for their gene expression levels. LTP has long been known to be the mechanism by which memories are formed and stored. According to our study, it is compelling to say that FAE can cause profound and long-lasting alterations in the cellular signaling mechanisms associated with activity-dependent synaptic plasticity and memory formation. Our gene expression data also indicate an opposing pattern of ethanol effect on LTP pathway in the hippocampus and hypothalamus.
The prefrontal cortex communicates with the amygdala to impair learning after an acute stressful experience in females
Creators: name: Maeng, Lisa Y.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: Exposure to an acute stressful event enhances classical eyeblink conditioning in male rats, whereas exposure to the same event dramatically impairs performance in females (Wood & Shors, 1998; Wood et al., 2001).  We hypothesized that stress affects learning differently in males and females because different brain regions and circuits are being activated.  In the first experiment, we determined that neuronal activity within the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) during the stressful event is necessary to disrupt learning in females.  In both males and females, the mPFC was bilaterally inactivated with GABA agonist muscimol prior to the stressor.  Inactivation only prevented the impaired performance in females; it had no consequence for performance in males.  Previous studies indicate that neuronal activity within the basolateral amygdala (BLA) during the stressful event is necessary for the impaired performance in females (Waddell et al., 2008).  In the second experiment, we hypothesized that the mPFC communicates with the BLA to disrupt learning in females after the stressor.  To test this hypothesis, these structures were disconnected from each other with unilateral excitotoxic (NMDA) lesions on either the same or opposite sides of the brain.  Females with contralateral lesions, which disrupt the connections on both sides of the brain, were able to learn after the stressful event, whereas those with ipsilateral lesions, which disrupt only one connection, did not learn after the stressor.  Together, these data indicate that the mPFC is preferentially engaged in females during stress to impair subsequent learning and does so via communication with the amygdala.