cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Relativistic Shapiro delay measurements of an extremely massive millisecond pulsar
Creators: name: Cromartie, H. Thankful
name: Fonseca, Emmanuel
name: Ransom, Scott M.
name: Demorest, Paul B.
name: Arzoumanian, Zaven
name: Blumer, Harsha
name: Brook, Paul R.
name: DeCesar, Megan E.
name: Dolch, Timothy
name: Ellis, Justin A.
name: Ferdman, Robert D.
name: Ferrara, Elizabeth C.
name: Garver-Daniels, Nathaniel
name: Gentile, Pete A.
name: Jones, Megan L.
name: Lam, Michael T.
name: Lorimer, Duncan R.
name: Lynch, Ryan S.
name: McLaughlin, Maura A.
name: Ng, Cherry
name: Nice, David J.
name: Pennucci, Timothy T.
name: Spiewak, Renee
name: Stairs, Ingrid H.
name: Stovall, Kevin
name: Swiggum, Joseph K.
name: Zhu, Weiwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite its importance to our understanding of physics at supranuclear densities, the equation of state (EoS) of matter deep within neutron stars remains poorly understood. Millisecond pulsars (MSPs) are among the most useful astrophysical objects in the Universe for testing fundamental physics, and place some of the most stringent constraints on this high-density EoS. Pulsar timing - the process of accounting for every rotation of a pulsar over long time periods - can precisely measure a wide variety of physical phenomena, including those that allow the measurement of the masses of the components of a pulsar binary system (Lorimer & Kramer 2005). One of these, called relativistic Shapiro delay (Shapiro 1964), can yield precise masses for both an MSP and its companion; however, it is only easily observed in a small subset of high-precision, highly inclined (nearly edge-on) binary pulsar systems. By combining data from the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) 12.5-year data set with recent orbital-phase-specific observations using the Green Bank Telescope, we have measured the mass of the MSP J0740+6620 to be $\mathbf{2.14^{+0.10}_{-0.09}}$ solar masses (68.3% credibility interval; 95.4% credibility interval is $\mathbf{2.14^{+0.20}_{-0.18}}$ solar masses). It is highly likely to be the most massive neutron star yet observed, and serves as a strong constraint on the neutron star interior EoS.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, published in Nature Astronomy (2019)
О НЕКОТОРЫХ СЛОЖНОСТЯХ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА КАК ИНОСТРАННОГО
Creators: name: Бахромова, Назирабону
name: Йулдошева, Д.Т.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В статье рассматриваются определенные сложности освоения учащимися некоторых грамматических категорий русского языка - одного из самых сложных в мире. Показаны основные особенности родного языка учащихся, затрудняющие освоение изучаемого (русского) языка.
Moiré-pattern fluctuations and electron-phason coupling in twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Ochoa, Héctor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In twisted bilayer graphene, long-wavelength lattice fluctuations on the scale of the moiré period are dominated by phason modes, i.e., acoustic branches of the incommensurate lattice resulting from coherent superpositions of optical phonons. In the limit of small twist angles, these modes describe the sliding motion of stacking domain walls separating regions of partial commensuration. The resulting soliton network is a soft elastic manifold, whose reduced rigidity arises from the competition between intralayer (elastic) and interlayer (adhesion) forces governing lattice relaxation. Shear deformations of the beating pattern dominate the electron-phason coupling to the leading order in $t_{\perp}/t$, the ratio between interlayer and intralayer hopping parameters. This coupling lifts the layer degeneracy of the Dirac cones at the corners of the Moiré Brillouin zone, which could explain the observed 4-fold (instead of 8-fold) Landau level degeneracy. Electron-phason scattering gives rise to a linear-in-temperature contribution to the resistivity that increases with decreasing twist angle due to the reduction of the stiffness of the soliton network. This contribution alone, however, seems to be insufficient to explain the huge enhancement of the resistivity of the normal state close to the magic angle.
description: 21 pages (including 2 long appendices), 6 figures
Hydrodynamic Simulations for the Nuclear Morphology of NGC 4314
Creators: name: Ann, H. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed SPH simulations to study the nuclear morphology of a barred galaxy NGC 4314. We have constructed the mass models based on the results of a profile decomposition into disk, bulge, and bar components. Our models have three different nuclear structures according to the assumption about the nuclear bar: no nuclear bar, a synchronous nuclear bar and a fast nuclear bar. Our SPH simulations show that the morphology of the nuclear region of NGC 4314 which is characterized by an elongated ring/spiral of newly formed stars and HII regions, aligned nearly parallel to the primary bar can be understood in terms of the secular evolution driven by the non-axisymmetric potential. The slightly elongated and aligned nuclear ring of NGC 4314 can be formed by the strong barred potential and the moderate central concentration of the bulge mass with and without a nuclear bar. However, the nuclear spiral pattern can not be developed without a nuclear bar. The nuclear bar of NGC 4314 seems to rotate faster than the primary bar since the nuclear morphology induced by the synchronous nuclear bar is much different from the observed one.
description: 9 pages
Additional file 1: of â Theyâ re always thereâ : resident experiences of living with rats in a disadvantaged urban neighbourhood
Creators: name: Byers, Kaylee
name: Cox, Susan
name: Lam, Raymond
name: Himsworth, Chelsea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Interview Guide. Provides a list of questions used to guide interviews with participants regarding their experiences living with rats. (DOCX 15 kb)
MOESM1 of Factors associated with acute kidney injury in acute respiratory distress syndrome
Creators: name: Anupol Panitchote
name: Mehkri, Omar
name: Hasting, Andrei
name: Hanane, Tarik
name: Sevag Demirjian
name: Torbic, Heather
name: Mireles-Cabodevila, Eduardo
name: Krishnan, Sudhir
name: Abhijit Duggal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary tables and figures.
MOESM1 of Circular RNA circERBB2 promotes gallbladder cancer progression by regulating PA2G4-dependent rDNA transcription
Creators: name: Huang, Xince
name: He, Ming
name: Huang, Shuai
name: Lin, Ruirong
name: Zhan, Ming
name: Yang, Dong
name: Shen, Hui
name: Xu, Sunwang
name: Cheng, Wei
name: Yu, Jianxiu
name: Qiu, Zilong
name: Wang, Jian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Sequence of Oligonucleotide. Table S2. Critical Reagent.
An operator derivation of the Feynman-Vernon theory, with applications to the generating function of bath energy changes and to anharmonic baths
Creators: name: Aurell, Erik
name: Kawai, Ryoichi
name: Goyal, Ketan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a derivation of the Feynman-Vernon approach to open quantum systems in the language of super-operators. We show that this gives a new and more direct derivation of the generating function of energy changes in a bath, or baths. This generating function is given by a Feynman-Vernon-like influence functional, with only time shifts in some of the kernels. We further show that the approach can be extended to anharmonic baths by an expansion in cumulants. Every non-zero cumulant of certain environment correlation functions thus gives a kernel in a higher-order term in the Feynman-Vernon action.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
The dust temperature distribution in prestellar cores
Creators: name: Zucconi, A.
name: Walmsley, C. M.
name: Galli, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have computed the dust temperature distribution to be expected in a pre-protostellar core in the phase prior to the onset of gravitational instability. We have done this in the approximation that the heating of the dust grains is solely due to the attenuated external radiation field and that the core is optically thin to its own radiation. This permits us to consider non spherically symmetric geometries. We predict the intensity distributions of our model cores at millimeter and sub-millimeter wavelengths and compare with observations of the well studied object L1544. We have also developed an analytical approximation for the temperature at the center of spherically symmetric cores and we compare this with the numerical calculations. Our results show (in agreement with Evans et al. 2001) that the temperatures in the nuclei of cores of high visual extinction (> 30 magnitudes) are reduced to values of below ~8 K or roughly half of the surface temperature. This has the consequence that maps at wavelengths shortward of 1.3 mm see predominantly the low density exterior of pre-protostellar cores. It is extremely difficult to deduce the true density distribution from such maps alone. We have computed the intensity distribution expected on the basis of the models of Ciolek & Basu (2000) and compared with the observations of L1544. The agreement is good with a preference for higher inclinations (37 degrees instead of 16) than that adopted by Ciolek & Basu (2000). We find that a simple extension of the analytic approximation allows a reasonably accurate calculation of the dust temperature as a function of radius in cores with density distributions approximating those expected for Bonnor-Ebert spheres and suggest that this may be a useful tool for future calculations of the gas temperature in such cores.
description: 14 latex pages, 10 ps figures, A&A accepted
Quantifying Correlated Truncation Errors in Effective Field Theory
Creators: name: Melendez, J. A.
name: Furnstahl, R. J.
name: Phillips, D. R.
name: Pratola, M. T.
name: Wesolowski, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effective field theories (EFTs) organize the description of complex systems into an infinite sequence of decreasing importance. Predictions are made with a finite number of terms, which induces a truncation error that is often left unquantified. We formalize the notion of EFT convergence and propose a Bayesian truncation error model for predictions that are correlated across the independent variables, e.g., energy or scattering angle. Central to our approach are Gaussian processes that encode both the naturalness and correlation structure of EFT coefficients. Our use of Gaussian processes permits efficient and accurate assessment of credible intervals, allows EFT fits to easily include correlated theory errors, and provides analytic posteriors for physical EFT-related quantities such as the expansion parameter. We demonstrate that model-checking diagnostics---applied to the case of multiple curves---are powerful tools for EFT validation. As an example, we assess a set of nucleon-nucleon scattering observables in chiral EFT. In an effort to be self contained, appendices include thorough derivations of our statistical results. Our methods are packaged in Python code, called gsum, that is available for download on GitHub.
description: 24 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 1 of Cellular retinol binding protein-1 inhibits cancer stemness via upregulating WIF1 to suppress Wnt/β-catenin pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Liu, Xiangye
name: Shan, Wenhua
name: Li, Tingting
name: Gao, Xiaoge
name: Kong, Fanyun
name: You, Hongjuan
name: Kong, Delong
name: Qiao, Shuxi
name: Tang, Renxian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
title: Moving On by Holding On: Perceptions of Collective Identity and Peer Support in Breast Cancer Management
Creators: name: Legg, Melissa Ann
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Breast cancer treatment
subject: Social services for breast cancer patients
subject: Peer support for breast cancer

description: As the prevalence of breast cancer in the community increases, increasing numbers of women will face the psychosocial burden of this disease and its treatment. Peer support has emerged internationally as a community-based model of psychosocial care and involves the mutual sharing of experiences about breast cancer amongst those affected with this disease. Despite the psychosocial benefits reported by women who engage in this behaviour, utilisation of peer support services is estimated to be low and factors that influence its use are unclear. However, qualitative evidence suggests users hold distinct perceptions about peer support based upon these interactions involving other women with breast cancer. Accordingly, the aim of the present thesis was to better understand peer support behaviour amongst women with breast cancer by exploring the determinants of peer support service use from a social cognitive perspective.
How much entanglement can be created in a closed system?
Creators: name: Faiez, Dana
name: Šafránek, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a closed system, the total number of particles is fixed. We ask how much does this conservation law restrict the amount of entanglement that can be created. We derive a tight upper bound on the bipartite entanglement entropy in closed systems, and find what a maximally entangled state looks like in such a system. Finally, we illustrate numerically on an isolated system of one-dimensional fermionic gas, that the upper bound can be reached during its unitary evolution, when starting in a pure state that emulates a thermal state with high enough temperature. These results are in accordance with current experiments measuring Rényi-2 entanglement entropy, all of which employ a particle-conserving Hamiltonian, where our bound acts as a loose bound, and will become especially important for bounding the amount of entanglement that can be spontaneously created, once a direct measurement of entanglement entropy becomes feasible.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. v2: extended numerical simulations, now including cases with no interaction and no hopping, extended discussion, added evaluation of the bound in the thermodynamic limit
title: In a nutshell, it's the very basics: remote area nurses' constructions of primary health care
Creators: name: Donovan, Anne
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Remote area nursing
subject: Primary health care
subject: Nurses

description: This study explores the constructions of primary health care held by remote area nurses working in indigenous communities without resident medical practitioners, in the Northern Territory. Primary health care is increasingly permeating health policy in Australia, and nurses in remote areas are responsible for its implementation. The study investigates past and present discussions of the meaning of the concept of primary health care to begin to identify the major forces which have problematically impacted on its evolution and interpretation. It traces the threads which emerge from these forces through the more recent developments of health promotion and new pubflc health to explore the discourses and strategies they have produced, and which overtly and covertly influence the implementation of primary health care. Remote area nurses are individually interviewed and their discussions analysed to explore the constructions of primary health care which they hold. The analysis also explores some of the ways in which these constructions may have come to exist, the evident impact of current discourses, and the absence of effective support in the further development of these constructions. The remote area nurses' discussions display a view of primary health care as the most basic of health services, focussed on personal hygiene and the individual's responsibility in prevention of illness, operated through encounters which offer opportunities for education and basic curative care. While several of the nurses indicate discomfort with the paternalistic nature of such a service, none are aware of ways in which they might resolve their concerns about it. The study briefly explores positive approaches towards the democratization of health care, and examines the support needed by remote area nurses if primary health care is to be effectively implemented by them.
{BOAO Photometric Survey of Galactic Open Clusters. II. Physical Parameters of 12 Open Clusters
Creators: name: Ann, H. B.
name: Lee, S. H.
name: Sung, H.
name: Lee, M. G.
name: Kim, S. -L.
name: Chun, M. -Y.
name: Jeon, Y. -B.
name: Park, B. -G.
name: Yuk, I. -S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have initiated a long-term project, the BOAO photometric survey of open clusters, to enlarge our understanding of galactic structure using UBVI CCD photometry of open clusters which have been little studied before. This is the second paper of the project in which we present the photometry of 12 open clusters. We have determined the cluster parameters by fitting the Padova isochrones to the color-magnitude diagrams of the clusters. All the clusters except for Be 0 and NGC 1348 are found to be intermediate-age to old (0.2 - 4.0 Gyrs) open clusters with a mean metallicity of [Fe/H] = 0.0.
description: 11 pages
Prospektive vergleichende Verlaufsbeobachtung zur operativen arthroskopischen und der rein konservativen Behandlungsmethode bei primär extrinsischem Impingementsyndrom der Schulter
Creators: name: Köhler, Hans-Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Das Therapieergebnis bei Patienten mit primär extrinsischem Impingementsyndrom war hinsichtlich Funktion sowie Schmerzniveau bei konservativer und operativer Therapie nach 3, 6 und 12 Monaten vergleichbar. Bei konservativer Therapie ist die Dauer der Arbeitsunfähigkeit kürzer. Zudem können bei konservativer Therapie die mit einer Operation einhergehenden Risiken und Kosten umgangen werden. Eine arthroskopische Intervention kann bei ausbleibendem konservativem Therapieerfolg erfolgen.
A unified explanation of $b \to s μ^+ μ^-$ anomalies, neutrino masses and $B\rightarrow πK$ puzzle
Creators: name: Datta, Alakabha
name: Sachdeva, Divya
name: Waite, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anomalies in semi-leptonic $B$ decays could indicate new physics beyond the standard model(SM). There is an older puzzle in non-leptonic $B \to πK$ decays. The new particles, leptoquarks and diquarks, required to solve the semi-leptonic and the non-leptonic puzzles can also generate neutrino masses and mixing at loop level. We show that a consistent framework to explain the $B$ anomalies and the neutrino masses is possible and we make predictions for certain rare nonleptonic $B$ decays.
description: matches the published version
title: Domestic gestures of breakage and repair: Transformation of material culture in contemporary sculpture
Creators: name: Hegh, Ree
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: peripheral object
subject: contemporary sculpture
subject: material culture
subject: domestic gesture

description: This research is borne out of an object-based, visual art practice centred on sculpture and domestic material culture. In this exegesis, I examine the mutability of objects in the home environment, with particular emphasis on what I will call ‘peripheral objects:’ personal items that are not thrown way, but remain in the domestic periphery, in garages, under beds, or along the sides of houses. I argue that these objects, of ambiguous purpose and value, are infused with human experiences and therefore offer unique opportunities for investigating human subjectivity and psychology. This is particularly true when they are used as materials for sculpture. This exegesis considers the capacity of peripheral objects to convey the emotional value of daily routines and practices in the home. Of special interest to me are the repetitive, caredriven, material actions or gestures that are frequently put to use in the running of a family household. I use the term ‘domestic gesture’ to refer to actions including, but not limited to, wrapping, ripping, folding, smashing, stacking, arranging, stitching, and hanging. I assert that while these gestures may be motivated in the first instance by mundane practical necessity, they can also contain an implicit psychological complexity. Domestic gestures can constitute acts of intimacy and care for the family and its possessions. They can also be personally and psychologically challenging, acting as a material centre point for interpersonal obligation, sadness, grief, and regret. I explore this duality of positive and negative connotations in my studio practice through selecting, destroying, combining, and arranging materials and objects into sculptural forms. [...]
Microwave Meissner Screening of Proximity coupled Topological Insulator / Superconductor Bilayers
Creators: name: Bae, Seokjin
name: Lee, Seunghun
name: Zhang, Xiaohang
name: Takeuchi, Ichiro
name: Anlage, Steven M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The proximity coupled topological insulator / superconductor (TI/SC) bilayer system is a representative system to realize topological superconductivity. In order to better understand this unique state and design devices from the TI/SC bilayer, a comprehensive understanding of the microscopic properties of the bilayer is required. In this work, a microwave Meissner screening study, which exploits a high-precision microwave resonator technique, is conducted on the SmB6/YB6 thin film bilayers as an example TI/SC system. The study reveals spatially dependent electrodynamic screening response of the TI/SC system that is not accessible to other techniques, from which the corresponding microscopic properties of a TI/SC bilayer can be obtained. The TI thickness dependence of the effective penetration depth suggests the existence of a bulk insulating region in the TI layer. The spatially dependent electrodynamic screening model analysis provides an estimate for the characteristic lengths of the TI/SC bilayer: normal penetration depth, normal coherence length, and the thickness of the surface states. We also discuss implications of these characteristic lengths on the design of a vortex Majorana device such as the radius of the vortex core, the energy splitting due to intervortex tunneling, and the minimum thickness required for a device.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Evidence of AI and generative AI adoption in Italian firms
Creators: name: Garlatti Costa, Grazia
name: Roberto, Roberto
name: Venier, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This research paper provides a thorough exploration into the adoption of Artificial Intelligence(AI) within Italian businesses at the beginning of 2024, detailing the extent of AI integration, itseffectiveness, the readiness of companies, and the impact on the workforce. The studysurveyed a diverse group of 237 respondents, encompassing a range of positions from C-levelexecutives to technical specialists across various sectors, including manufacturing, ITservices, healthcare, and finance. The companies represented in the survey vary in size fromsmall startups to large multinational corporations, offering a comprehensive view of AI'spenetration and influence across different business models and scales.The initial findings highlight that AI integration varies significantly across departments, with anotable number of companies engaging as end-users of AI technologies. These applicationsspan from operational efficiency improvements to innovation in product and service offerings.The paper reports a positive trend towards increased AI investment, with a majority ofcompanies planning to enhance their AI budget allocations, demonstrating the strategicimportance attributed to AI in the Italian business context.However, the journey towards AI integration is not without its challenges. The researchidentifies critical hurdles such as data availability and structuring issues, a significant skillsgap, and the absence of clear use cases for AI deployment. Despite these obstacles, there'sa prevailing optimism about AI's capability to positively impact the workforce, with expectationsleaning towards job creation rather than displacement.The research advocates for a multi-faceted approach to AI adoption, emphasizing the needfor cross-functional AI initiatives, the establishment of specialized AI teams, and the crucialrole of AI in fostering creativity and enhancing operational processes. It also underscores theimportance of ethical considerations and stringent data quality management in navigating thecomplexities of AI adoption. Through this analytical lens, the paper presents a nuancedunderstanding of the transformative potential and challenges of AI in the Italian corporatesphere, offering strategic insights for businesses navigating the evolving landscape of digitalinnovation.
Near infrared spectroscopy of starburst galaxies
Creators: name: Coziol, R.
name: Doyon, R.
name: Demers, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We present new K-band spectroscopy for a sample of 48 starburst galaxies, obtained using UKIRT in Hawaii. This constitutes a fair sample of the most common types of starburst galaxies found in the nearby Universe. The variety of near infrared spectral features shown by these galaxies implies different bursts characteristics, which suggests that we survey galaxies with different star formation histories or at different stages of their burst evolution. Using synthetic starburst models, we conclude that the best ensemble of parameters which describe starburst galaxies in the nearby universe are a constant rate of star formation, a Salpeter IMF with an upper mass cutoff equal to 30 solar mass and bursts ages between 10 Myr and 1 Gyr. The model is fully consistent with the differences observed in the optical and FIR between the different types of starbursts. It suggests that HII galaxies have younger bursts and lower metallicities than SBNGs, while LIRGs have younger bursts but higher metallicities. Our observations suggest that the starburst phenomenon must be a sustained or self--sustained phenomenon: either star formation is continuous in time or multiple bursts happen in sequence over a relatively long period of time. The generality of our observations implies that this is a characteristic of starburst galaxies in the nearby Universe.
description: 19 pages, Latex, 12 encapsulated Postscript figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Frequentist Estimation of Cosmological Parameters from the MAXIMA-1 Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropy Data
Creators: name: Abroe, M. E.
name: Balbi, A.
name: Borrill, J.
name: Bunn, E. F.
name: Ferreira, P. G.
name: Hanany, S.
name: Jaffe, A. H.
name: Lee, A. T.
name: Olive, K. A.
name: Rabii, B.
name: Richards, P. L.
name: Smoot, G. F.
name: Stompor, R.
name: Winant, C. D.
name: Wu, J. H. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a frequentist statistical approach to set confidence intervals on the values of cosmological parameters using the MAXIMA-1 and COBE measurements of the angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background. We define a $Δχ^{2}$ statistic, simulate the measurements of MAXIMA-1 and COBE, determine the probability distribution of the statistic, and use it and the data to set confidence intervals on several cosmological parameters. We compare the frequentist confidence intervals to Bayesian credible regions. The frequentist and Bayesian approaches give best estimates for the parameters that agree within 15%, and confidence interval-widths that agree within 30%. The results also suggest that a frequentist analysis gives slightly broader confidence intervals than a Bayesian analysis. The frequentist analysis gives values of Ω=0.89{+0.26\atop -0.19}, Ω_{\rm B}h^2=0.026{+0.020\atop -0.011} and n=1.02{+0.31\atop -0.10}, and the Bayesian analysis gives values of Ω=0.98{+0.14\atop -0.19}, Ω_{\rm B}h^2=0.0.029{+0.015\atop-0.010}, and $n=1.18{+0.10\atop -0.23}$, all at the 95% confidence level.
description: 10 pages, 9 Postscript figures, changes made to reflect published version
Additional file 1 of Target recognition-initiated allosteric probe-based multiple signal amplification strategy for sensitive and direct Pseudomonas aeruginosa detection
Creators: name: Xue, Kun
name: Kang, Shuhong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Operationalizing Individual Fairness with Pairwise Fair Representations
Creators: name: Lahoti, Preethi
name: Gummadi, Krishna P.
name: Weikum, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We revisit the notion of individual fairness proposed by Dwork et al. A central challenge in operationalizing their approach is the difficulty in eliciting a human specification of a similarity metric. In this paper, we propose an operationalization of individual fairness that does not rely on a human specification of a distance metric. Instead, we propose novel approaches to elicit and leverage side-information on equally deserving individuals to counter subordination between social groups. We model this knowledge as a fairness graph, and learn a unified Pairwise Fair Representation (PFR) of the data that captures both data-driven similarity between individuals and the pairwise side-information in fairness graph. We elicit fairness judgments from a variety of sources, including human judgments for two real-world datasets on recidivism prediction (COMPAS) and violent neighborhood prediction (Crime & Communities). Our experiments show that the PFR model for operationalizing individual fairness is practically viable.
description: To be published in the proceedings of the VLDB Endowment, Vol. 13, Issue. 4
title: An Investigation of Aromatherapy and Hand Massage on Disruptive Behaviour in People with Dementia
Creators: name: Fu, Chieh-Yu
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Dementia patients
subject: Aromatherapy treatment
subject: Aged care

description: Agitation and aggression are some of the most difficult behaviour symptoms to manage in older people living with dementia. These disruptive behaviours can lead to staff injury and burnout, decreased job satisfaction, as well as recruitment and retention challenges. Disruptive behaviours can also influence the quality of care received by residents. Therefore management of such behaviours is paramount to staff satisfaction and quality of care. Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) therapies such as aromatherapy and massage have been applied to a range of health problems including dementia. Such therapies have become popular in residential care and in some cases additional cost for these therapies are invoiced to residents. While both aromatherapy and hand massage therapies have been reported to have some benefit in people with dementia, there are a number of limitations in the research design of reported studies. This study aimed to overcome some of the design problems of previous studies to investigate the effect of Aromatherapy (3% lavender angustifolia mist) with or without hand massage (five minutes with aqua cream) on disruptive behaviour in people with dementia living in residential aged care facilities (RACF). Sixty-one residents with a diagnosis of dementia and a history of disruptive behaviour from three RACF were randomized into three groups: (1) Combination (aromatherapy and hand massage), (2) Aromatherapy, (3) Control (placebo). The intervention was given twice a day, at two time periods, 9am to 11am and 2pm to 4pm, seven days a week for six weeks. Data (resident behaviour and cognition) were collected using three instruments: MMSE (pre and post intervention), Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) and Revised Memory and Behaviour Problems Checklist (RMBPC) at 5 time periods: pre-intervention, week 2 and week 4, at the end of the intervention period (week 6), and 6 weeks post-intervention.
Blue Stragglers, Young White Dwarfs and UV-excess stars in the core of 47 Tuc
Creators: name: Ferraro, Francesco R.
name: D'Amico, Nichi
name: Possenti, Andrea
name: Mignani, Roberto P.
name: Paltrinieri, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used a set of archived HST/WFPC2 images to probe the stellar population in the core of the nearby Galactic Globular Cluster (GGC) 47 Tuc. From the ultraviolet (UV) Color Magnitude Diagrams (CMDs) obtained for ~4,000 stars detected within the Planetary Camera (PC) field of view we have pinpointed a number of interesting objects: (i) 43 blue stragglers stars (BSSs) including 20 new candidates; (ii) 12 bright (young) cooling white dwarfs (WDs) at the extreme blue region of the UV-CMD; (iii) a large population of UV-excess (UVE) stars, lying between the BSS and the WD sequences. The WD candidates identified here define a clean pattern in the CMD, which define the WD cooling sequence. Moreover, both the location on the UV-CMDs and the number of WDs are in excellent agreement with the theoretical expectations. The UVE stars discovered here represent the largest population of anomalous blue objects ever observed in a globular cluster -- if the existence of such a large population is confirmed, we have finally found the long-searched population of interacting binaries predicted by the theory. Finally, we have investigated the feasibility of the optical identification of the companions of the binary X-ray sources recently detected by CHANDRA and of binary millisecond pulsars (MSPs) residing in the core of 47 Tuc. Unfortunately, the extreme faintness expected for the MSP companions together with the huge stellar crowding in the cluster center prevent statistically reliable identifications based only on positional coincidences.
description: 27 pages, LaTex, 4 Postscript figures. Astrophysical Journal, in press
Young Populations in the Nuclei of Barred Galaxies
Creators: name: Ann, H. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have conducted a $UBVRI$ and $H_α$ CCD photometry of 5 barred galaxies, NGC 2523, NGC 2950, NGC 3412, NGC 3945 and NGC 5383, along with SPH simulations, in order to understand the origin of young stellar populations in the nuclei of barred galaxies. The $H_α$ emissions which are thought to be emitted by young stellar populations are either absent or strongly concentrated on the nuclei of early type galaxies (NGC 2950, NGC 3412, NGC 3945), while they are observed in the nuclei and circumnuclear regions of intermediate type galaxies with strong bars (NGC 2523, NGC 5383). SPH simulations of realistic mass models for these galaxies show that some disk material can be driven into the nuclear regions by strong bar potentials. This implies that the young stellar populations in the circumnuclear regions of barred galaxies can be formed out of such gas. The existence of the nuclear dust lanes is an indication of an on-going gas inflow and extremely young stellar populations in these galaxies, because the nuclear dust lanes such as those in NGC 5383 are not long-lasting features according to our simulations.
description: 8 pages
Revealing the apparent and local mechanical properties of heterogeneous lattice: a multi-scale study of functionally graded scaffold
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiangyu
name: Jiang, Lan
name: Yan, Xingchen
name: Wang, Zhipeng
name: Li, Xiaowei
name: Fang, Gang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Functionally graded scaffold (FGS) can flexibly regulate the mechanical properties of bone scaffold and holds great promise for offering multifunctional responses of orthopaedic implants. Heterogeneous FGSs constructed by skeletal and sheet triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMSs) have been proposed in this study. The diversified deformation mechanisms of TPMS-FGSs showed superior mechanical stability, and energy absorption efficiency was enhanced by 3.0–79.0% and 2.6–16.8% compared to uniform skeletal and sheet TPMS, respectively. The graded structure of TPMS-FGSs altered the large-scale 45° shear failure to layer-wise or zigzag failure mode. Moreover, the comprehensive reformation of strain distribution and crack propagation in transition region under small compressive strain was experimentally and numerically studied. The results shed light on the global and local mechanical regulation mechanism of TPMS-FGS.
Angular distribution of gamma-ray emission from velocity-dependent dark matter annihilation in subhalos
Creators: name: Boddy, Kimberly K.
name: Kumar, Jason
name: Runburg, Jack
name: Strigari, Louis E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effect of velocity-dependent dark matter annihilation on the angular distribution of gamma rays produced in dark matter subhalos. We assume that the dark matter potential is spherically symmetric, characterized by a scale radius and scale density, and the velocity distribution is isotropic. We find that the effect of velocity-dependent dark matter annihilation is largely determined by dimensional analysis; the angular size of gamma-ray emission from an individual subhalo is rescaled by a factor which depends on the form of the dark matter distribution, but not on the halo parameters, while the relative normalization of the gamma-ray flux from different mass subhalos is rescaled by a factor which depends on the halo parameters, but not on the form of the dark matter distribution. We apply our results to a Navarro-Frenk-White profile for the case of an individual subhalo and comment on the application of these results to a distribution of subhalos.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, 1 table; fixed typos, corrected table
Additional file 1: of Soil-transmitted helminth infection in school age children in Sierra Leone after a decade of preventive chemotherapy interventions
Creators: name: Yakuba Bah
name: Bah, Mohamed
name: Jusufu Paye
name: Abdulai Conteh
name: Saffa, Sam
name: Tia, Alie
name: Sonnie, Mustapha
name: Veinoglou, Amy
name: Amon, Joseph
name: Hodges, Mary
name: Yaobi Zhang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Multilingual abstracts in the five official working languages of the United Nations. (PDF 475 kb)
Two-point connectivity of two-dimensional critical $Q-$ Potts random clusters on the torus
Creators: name: Javerzat, Nina
name: Picco, Marco
name: Santachiara, Raoul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the two dimensional $Q-$ random-cluster Potts model on the torus and at the critical point. We study the probability for two points to be connected by a cluster for general values of $Q\in [1,4]$. Using a Conformal Field Theory (CFT) approach, we provide the leading topological corrections to the plane limit of this probability. These corrections have universal nature and include, as a special case, the universality class of two-dimensional critical percolation. We compare our predictions to Monte Carlo measurements. Finally, we take Monte Carlo measurements of the torus energy one-point function that we compare to CFT computations.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures. Results added in Section 5.2, Section 5.4 has been clarified and some notation inconsistencies have been fixed
Carbon Monoxide bands in M dwarfs
Creators: name: Pavlenko, Yakiv V.
name: Jones, Hugh R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the observational and theoretical spectra of the $Δv$ = 2 CO bands in a range of M dwarfs. We investigate the dependence of theoretical spectra on effective temperatures as well as carbon abundance. In general we find that the synthetic CO bands fit the observed data extremely well and are excellent diagnostics. In particular the synthetic spectra reasonably match observations and the best fit temperatures are similar to those found by empirical methods. We also examine the \CDC isotopic ratio. We find that fundamental $^{13}$CO bands around 2.345 and 2.375 $μ$m are good discriminators for the \CDC ratio in M dwarfs. The 2.375 $μ$m is more useful because it doesn't suffer such serious contamination by water vapour transitions. Our current dataset does not quite have the wavelength coverage to perform a reliable determination of the \CDC ratio in M dwarfs. For this we recommend observing the region 2.31--2.40 $μ$m at a resolution of better than 1000. Alternatively the observational problems of contamination by water vapour at 2.345 $μ$m maybe solved by observing at resolutions of around 50000. We also investigated the possibility of using the $Δv$ = 1 CO bands around 4.5 $μ$m. We find that the contamination due to water vapour is even more of a problem at these wavelengths.
description: 9 pages, 10 figs, accepted by AA
The Optical/Infrared Astronomical Quality of High Atacama Sites. I. Preliminary Results of Optical Seeing
Creators: name: Giovanelli, Riccardo
name: Darling, Jeremy
name: Sarazin, Marc
name: Yu, Jennifer
name: Harvey, Paul
name: Henderson, Charles
name: Hoffman, William
name: Keller, Luke
name: Barry, Don
name: Cordes, James
name: Eikenberry, Stephen
name: Gull, George
name: Harrington, Joseph
name: Smith, J. D.
name: Stacey, Gordon
name: Swain, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The region surrounding the Llano de Chajnantor, a high altitude plateau in the Atacama Desert in northern Chile, has caught the attention of the astronomical community for its potential as an observatory site. Combining high elevation and extremely low atmospheric water content, the Llano has been chosen as the future site of the Atacama Large Millimeter Array. We have initiated a campaign to investigate the astronomical potential of the region in the optical/infrared. Here, we report on an aspect of our campaign aimed at establishing a seeing benchmark to be used as a reference for future activities in the region. After a brief description of the region and its climate, we describe the results of an astronomical seeing campaign, carried out with a Differential Image Motion Monitor that operates at 0.5 micron wavelength. The seeing at the Llano level of 5000 m, measured over 7 nights in May 1998, yielded a median FWHM of 1.1". However, the seeing decreased to 0.7" at a modest 100 m gain above the plateau (Cerro Chico), as measured over 38 nights spread between July 1998 and October 2000. Neither of these represents the best seeing expected in the region; the set of measurements provides a reference base for simultaneous dual runs at Cerro Chico and at other sites of interest in the region, currently underway. A comparison between simultaneous measurements at Cerro Chico and Cerro Paranal indicates that seeing at Cerro Chico is about 12% better than at Paranal. The percentage of optically photometric nights in the Chajnantor region is about 60%, while that of nights useful for astronomical work is near 80%.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures, to appear in the PASP (July 2001)
MOESM3 of LncRNA-HGBC stabilized by HuR promotes gallbladder cancer progression by regulating miR-502-3p/SET/AKT axis
Creators: name: Hu, Yun-ping
name: Jin, Yun-peng
name: Wu, Xiang-song
name: Yang, Yang
name: Li, Yong-sheng
name: Li, Huai-feng
name: Xiang, Shan-shan
name: Song, Xiao-ling
name: Jiang, Lin
name: Zhang, Yi-jian
name: Huang, Wen
name: Chen, Shi-li
name: Liu, Fa-tao
name: Chen, Chen
name: Zhu, Qin
name: Chen, Hong-zhuan
name: Shao, Rong
name: Liu, Ying-bin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Hematology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S1. Identification of lncRNA-HGBC and its noncoding nature analysis. Figure S2. LncRNA-HGBC promotes GBC cell proliferation and tumor growth. Figure S3. LncRNA-HGBC promotes the invasive capacity of GBC cells. Figure S4. LncRNA-HGBC did not influence HuR expression. Figure S5. Effects of miR-502-3p on lncRNA-HGBC expression. Figure S6. SET is a direct target of miR-502-3p in GBC cells. Figure S7. miR-502-3p inhibits GBC cell proliferation and invasion. Figure S8. Knockdown of SET inhibits GBC cell proliferation and invasion. Figure S9. HuR is upregulated in GBC tissues.