cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of The SAFEST review: a mixed methods systematic review of shock-absorbing flooring for fall-related injury prevention
Creators: name: Drahota, Amy
name: Felix, Lambert M.
name: Raftery, James
name: Keenan, Bethany E.
name: Lachance, Chantelle C.
name: Mackey, Dawn C.
name: Markham, Chris
name: Laing, Andrew C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Search strategy for Medline.
Bivariate Uniqueness and Endogeny for the Logistic Recursive Distributional Equation
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Antar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E05; 0J80, 60K35, 62E10, 82B43

description: In this article we prove the bivariate uniqueness property for a particular ``max-type'' recursive distributional equation (RDE). Using the general theory developed by Aldous and Bandyopadhyay (2005) we then show that the corresponding recursive tree process (RTP) has no external randomness, more preciously, the RTP is endogenous. The RDE we consider is so called the Logistic RDE, which appears in Aldous' (2001) proof of the $ζ(2)$-limit of the random assignment problem using the local weak convergence method. Thus this work provides a non-trivial application of the general theory developed by Aldous and Bandyopadhyay (2005).
description: A modified version with background and motivations. 19 pages
The benefits and challenges of a regional network to address campus sexual assault
Creators: name: McGann, Patrick
name: Palmer, Jane
name: Thomas, Greerlin
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: To respond to the epidemic of sexual assault on college campuses, many postsecondary institutions have instituted campus climate surveys, strengthened sexual assault misconduct policies, and created sexual assault task forces to coordinate entities within the institutional setting. However, few colleges and universities have engaged with regional networks to exchange resources, research, and innovative practices across campuses. This exploratory study applies the theoretical framework of social exchange theory to examine the necessary infrastructure for a regional network to enhance campus policies and prevention programs related to sexual assault, and the efficacy of providing formal and informal opportunities for information sharing. Interviews were conducted with 10 staff and students from seven of the nine campuses in the network. The sample includes representatives from one large public university, two historically Black colleges, a community college, and three private universities, one of which is faith based. Results indicate that there are several benefits and a few challenges for college campuses that participate in a regional network. Primary benefits include resource and information exchange, as well as new opportunities for student leadership and collaboration across campuses. Some challenges include staff turnover and limited time to devote to the network, as well as distance between some campuses. Based on these findings, it is recommended that universities consider building informal or formal alliances with regional colleges for mutual benefit.
TartanAir: A Dataset to Push the Limits of Visual SLAM
Creators: name: Wang, Wenshan
name: Zhu, Delong
name: Wang, Xiangwei
name: Hu, Yaoyu
name: Qiu, Yuheng
name: Wang, Chen
name: Hu, Yafei
name: Kapoor, Ashish
name: Scherer, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a challenging dataset, the TartanAir, for robot navigation tasks and more. The data is collected in photo-realistic simulation environments with the presence of moving objects, changing light and various weather conditions. By collecting data in simulations, we are able to obtain multi-modal sensor data and precise ground truth labels such as the stereo RGB image, depth image, segmentation, optical flow, camera poses, and LiDAR point cloud. We set up large numbers of environments with various styles and scenes, covering challenging viewpoints and diverse motion patterns that are difficult to achieve by using physical data collection platforms. In order to enable data collection at such a large scale, we develop an automatic pipeline, including mapping, trajectory sampling, data processing, and data verification. We evaluate the impact of various factors on visual SLAM algorithms using our data. The results of state-of-the-art algorithms reveal that the visual SLAM problem is far from solved. Methods that show good performance on established datasets such as KITTI do not perform well in more difficult scenarios. Although we use the simulation, our goal is to push the limits of Visual SLAM algorithms in the real world by providing a challenging benchmark for testing new methods, while also using a large diverse training data for learning-based methods. Our dataset is available at \url{http://theairlab.org/tartanair-dataset}.
description: Accepted by IROS 2020
An investigation into green laundry products for UBC Vancouver residence
Creators: name: Pezeshg, Bahar
name: Han, Don
name: Sandhu, Gurmehak Kaur
name: Piche, Isabelle
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: At the University of British Columbia (UBC), Student Housing and Hospitality Services (SHHS) is responsible for the housing of more than 8,000 students, faculty and staff. Laundry services are available in each residence at UBC’s Point Gray Campus in Vancouver. SHHS is looking for products that are environmentally friendly and will align with UBC’s commitment to the Water Action Plan (WAP) and the Sustainability Plan to introduce into residence laundry rooms and campus mini-marts. This report compares three laundry detergents: Tide® as the benchmark brand that is commonly used by students and eco-max® and Live for Tomorrow™ are the two green alternatives. The focus group for the investigation is students living in Place Vanier and Totem Park, the two first-year residences on campus. A student survey was conducted in these two residences and it is assumed that the results from this survey are indicative of the opinions of the majority of students. A performance test was completed to evaluate the functionality of the three products and compare the results. For the triple bottom line assessment, peer-reviewed journal articles were used to gather information about the environmental, economic and social aspects of these green laundry detergents. The use of both primary and secondary data allow for a complete analysis of green laundry detergents. Based on the results of the student survey, the performance test and the environmental impact of the three detergents, it is recommended to make Live for Tomorrow available to students, faculty and staff living in residence on UBC’s Vancouver campus. Overall, this brand performed better in environmental, economic and social terms compared to the two other brands investigated. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Non-trivial charge-to-spin conversion in ferromagnetic metal/Cu/Al2O3 by orbital transport
Creators: name: Kim, Junyeon
name: Go, Dongwook
name: Tsai, Hanshen
name: Jo, Daegeun
name: Kondou, Kouta
name: Lee, Hyun-Woo
name: Otani, YoshiChika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient spin/charge interconversion is desired to develop innovative spin-based devices. So far, the interconversion has been performed by using heavy atomic elements, strong spin-orbit interaction of which realizes the interconversion through the spin Hall effect and the Edelstein effect. We demonstrate highly efficient charge-to-spin conversion in a ferromagnetic metal/Cu/Al2O3 trilayers, which do not contain any heavy element. The resulting spin torque efficiency is higher than those of conventional spin Hall and Rashba systems consisting of heavy elements such as Pt and Bi. Our experimental results qualitatively deviate from typical behaviors arising from spin transport. However, they are surprisingly consistent with the behaviors arising from the orbital transport. Our results thus demonstrate a new direction for efficient charge-to-spin conversion through the orbital transport.
A sheaf theoretical approach to uncertainty quantification of heterogeneous geolocation information
Creators: name: Joslyn, Cliff A.
name: Charles, Lauren
name: DePerno, Christopher S.
name: Gould, Nicholas P.
name: Nowak, Kathleen E.
name: Praggastis, Brenda
name: Purvine, Emilie A.H.
name: Robinson, Michael A.
name: Strules, Jennifer
name: Whitney, Paul
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Integration of multiple, heterogeneous sensors is a challenging problem across a range of applications. Prominent among these are multi-target tracking, where one must combine observations from different sensor types in a meaningful and efficient way to track multiple targets. Because different sensors have differing error models, we seek a theoretically justified quantification of the agreement among ensembles of sensors, both overall for a sensor collection, and also at a fine-grained level specifying pairwise and multi-way interactions among sensors. We demonstrate that the theory of mathematical sheaves provides a unified answer to this need, supporting both quantitative and qualitative data. Furthermore, the theory provides algorithms to globalize data across the network of deployed sensors, and to diagnose issues when the data do not globalize cleanly. We demonstrate and illustrate the utility of sheaf-based tracking models based on experimental data of a wild population of black bears in Asheville, North Carolina. A measurement model involving four sensors deployed among the bears and the team of scientists charged with tracking their location is deployed. This provides a sheaf-based integration model which is small enough to fully interpret, but of sufficient complexity to demonstrate the sheaf’s ability to recover a holistic picture of the locations and behaviors of both individual bears and the bear-human tracking system. A statistical approach was developed in parallel for comparison, a dynamic linear model which was estimated using a Kalman filter. This approach also recovered bear and human locations and sensor accuracies. When the observations are normalized into a common coordinate system, the structure of the dynamic linear observation model recapitulates the structure of the sheaf model, demonstrating the canonicity of the sheaf-based approach. However, when the observations are not so normalized, the sheaf model still remains valid.
Adaptive Hyper-box Matching for Interpretable Individualized Treatment Effect Estimation
Creators: name: Morucci, Marco
name: Orlandi, Vittorio
name: Roy, Sudeepa
name: Rudin, Cynthia
name: Volfovsky, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a matching method for observational data that matches units with others in unit-specific, hyper-box-shaped regions of the covariate space. These regions are large enough that many matches are created for each unit and small enough that the treatment effect is roughly constant throughout. The regions are found as either the solution to a mixed integer program, or using a (fast) approximation algorithm. The result is an interpretable and tailored estimate of a causal effect for each unit.
Globular Clusters of the Galaxy: Chemical Composition vs Kinematics
Creators: name: Marsakov, V. A.
name: Koval', V. V.
name: Gozha, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive statistical analysis of the relationship between the chemical and spatially kinematic parameters of the globular clusters of the Galaxy has been performed. The data of the author's compilation catalog contain astrophysical parameters for 157 clusters and the relative abundances of α-elements for 69 clusters. For 121 clusters, the data are supplemented by spatially kinematic parameters taken from the literature. The phenomenon of reddening of horizontal branches of low-metal accreted globular clusters is discussed. We consider the contradiction between the criteria for clusters to belong to the subsystems of the thick disk and the halo in terms of chemical and kinematic properties. It consists in the fact that, regardless of belonging to the galactic subsystems by kinematics, almost all metallic ([Fe/H] >-1.0) clusters are located close to the center and plane of the Galaxy, while among the less metallic of both subsystems there are many distant ones. Differences in the abundances of α-elements in the stellar objects of the Galaxy and the surrounding low-mass dwarf satellite galaxies confirm the well-known conclusion that all globular clusters and field stars of the accreted halo are remnants of galaxies of higher mass than the current environment of the Galaxy. A possible exception is a distant low-metal cluster with low relative abundance of α-elements Rup 106.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Activating electricity system demand response for commercial and industrial organisations
Creators: name: Lashmar, N.
name: Wade, B.
name: Molyneaux, L.
name: Ashworth, P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: With the rapid uptake of renewable energy generation and increasing price volatility, there are multiple opportunities emerging for businesses to earn additional revenue and reduce electricity bills by implementing demand response. However, commercial and industrial consumer implementation of demand response is not well understood and largely absent in energy management guidelines, which focus on reducing energy consumption and driving energy efficiency. Based on interviews with managers from 24 commercial and industrial businesses, we describe a practical implementation framework for demand response. The framework identifies unique implementation features for demand response - the activation steps. Energy management guidelines may have underemphasised approaches to demand response and inclusion of its unique features for businesses because benefits to be gained from demand response have focussed on benefits for the utilities in the electricity system, not benefits for individual businesses. The article concludes there is an opportunity for market operators to encourage organisations who produce energy management guidelines to include demand response, to promote awareness of the opportunities for businesses and provide practical guidance for implementation, therefore providing support for greater renewable energy penetration and reduced energy costs for businesses.
Pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians, indefinite inner product spaces and their symmetries
Creators: name: Blasi, A.
name: Scolarici, G.
name: Solombrino, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the definition of generalized parity $P$, charge-conjugation $C$ and time-reversal $T$ operators to nondiagonalizable pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonians, and we use these generalized operators to describe the full set of symmetries of a pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonian according to a fourfold classification. In particular we show that $TP$ and $CTP$ are the generators of the antiunitary symmetries; moreover, a necessary and sufficient condition is provided for a pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonian $H$ to admit a $P$-reflecting symmetry which generates the $P$-pseudounitary and the $P$-pseudoantiunitary symmetries. Finally, a physical example is considered and some hints on the $P$-unitary evolution of a physical system are also given.
description: 20 pages
Additional file 2 of Effect of age at vaccination on the measles vaccine effectiveness and immunogenicity: systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Carazo, Sara
name: Marie-Noëlle Billard
name: Boutin, Amélie
name: Serres, Gaston De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Table – Characteristics of included studies. This table describes the characteristics (first author, year, country, number of cases or participants, vaccine strain and study design) of the studies included in the review.
The Mount Graham Environmental Conflict: Property Rules and the Public Policy Process Under Stress
Creators: name: Rhodes, Thomas C.
name: Wilson, Paul N.
name: Rhodes, Thomas C.
name: Wilson, Paul N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Public Economics

description: The absolutist nature of the Endangered Species Act of 1973 encourages uneven enforcement, lengthy litigation and rent seeking in the public policy process. An analysis of the Mt. Graham International Observatory siting conflict reflects all three types of behavior by interested parties.
A sheaf theoretical approach to uncertainty quantification of heterogeneous geolocation information
Creators: name: Joslyn, Cliff A.
name: Charles, Lauren
name: DePerno, Christopher S.
name: Gould, Nicholas P.
name: Nowak, Kathleen E.
name: Praggastis, Brenda
name: Purvine, Emilie A.H.
name: Robinson, Michael A.
name: Strules, Jennifer
name: Whitney, Paul
Publisher: name: Sensors (Switzerland)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 41
subject: Environmental sciences

description: Integration of multiple, heterogeneous sensors is a challenging problem across a range of applications. Prominent among these are multi-target tracking, where one must combine observations from different sensor types in a meaningful and efficient way to track multiple targets. Because different sensors have differing error models, we seek a theoretically justified quantification of the agreement among ensembles of sensors, both overall for a sensor collection, and also at a fine-grained level specifying pairwise and multi-way interactions among sensors. We demonstrate that the theory of mathematical sheaves provides a unified answer to this need, supporting both quantitative and qualitative data. Furthermore, the theory provides algorithms to globalize data across the network of deployed sensors, and to diagnose issues when the data do not globalize cleanly. We demonstrate and illustrate the utility of sheaf-based tracking models based on experimental data of a wild population of black bears in Asheville, North Carolina. A measurement model involving four sensors deployed among the bears and the team of scientists charged with tracking their location is deployed. This provides a sheaf-based integration model which is small enough to fully interpret, but of sufficient complexity to demonstrate the sheaf’s ability to recover a holistic picture of the locations and behaviors of both individual bears and the bear-human tracking system. A statistical approach was developed in parallel for comparison, a dynamic linear model which was estimated using a Kalman filter. This approach also recovered bear and human locations and sensor accuracies. When the observations are normalized into a common coordinate system, the structure of the dynamic linear observation model recapitulates the structure of the sheaf model, demonstrating the canonicity of the sheaf-based approach. However, when the observations are not so normalized, the sheaf model still remains valid.
Is Outdoor Recreation a Giffen Good?
Creators: name: Larson, Douglas M.
name: Johnston, Richard S.
name: Larson, Douglas M.
name: Johnston, Richard S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Time-intensive goods like outdoor recreation are likely candidates for Giffen behavior when money price changes. For choices with binding money and time constraints, observable conditions for a good to be Giffen are developed. Model specifications and omitted variable biases are likely reasons why no Giffen recreation goods have been found.
Quadratic descent of hermitian forms (with an erratum)
Creators: name: Nokhodkar, Amir Hossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Quadratic descent of hermitian and skew hermitian forms over division algebras with involution of the first kind in arbitrary characteristic is investigated and a criterion, in terms of systems of quadratic forms, is obtained. A refined result is also obtained for hermitian (resp. skew hermitian) forms over a quaternion algebra with symplectic (resp. orthogonal) involution.
description: An erratum to the paper is also submitted
A pilot open-label feasibility trial examining an adjunctive mindfulness intervention for adolescents with obesity
Creators: name: Cotter, Elizabeth
name: Hornack, Sarah E.
name: Fotang, Jenny P.
name: Pettit, Elizabeth
name: Mirza, Nazrat M.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Background: Obesity in adolescence is predictive of obesity in adulthood and risk for chronic disease. Traditional behavioral approaches to addressing obesity in adolescence rarely yield meaningful changes in body mass index (BMI), suggesting that adjunctive treatments are necessary. Herein, we describe a study examining whether it is feasible to integrate a brief mindfulness intervention with the usual recommended care for adolescent obesity in a pediatric weight management clinic. Methods: We conducted a single arm open-label trial with 11 adolescent patients with obesity. Participants received the recommended standard of medical management of obesity (usual care) plus a six-week mindfulness intervention. To assess our primary aim of feasibility, we examined recruitment, retention, and satisfaction rates. Participants also completed measures of mindfulness, emotion regulation, disordered eating, quality of life, and executive functioning, and had their BMI and blood pressure measured. Results: We recruited 11 adolescents to participate in the intervention, with 8 (73%) completing the entire program. Attendance rates (85%) and satisfaction rates (100%) were promising for a larger trial. While preliminary analyses of changes in health outcomes should be examined with caution, effect sizes ranged from small to large with some promising trends in eating behaviors. Discussion: It might be feasible to augment existing behavioral interventions for adolescents with obesity with brief mindfulness; however, some adaptations are needed to enhance recruitment and retention. The lessons learned in this feasibility study can inform an adequately powered efficacy trial.
Maximal Haagerup subalgebras in $L(\mathbb{Z}^2\rtimes SL_2(\mathbb{Z}))$
Creators: name: Jiang, Yongle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that $L(SL_2(\textbf{k}))$ is a maximal Haagerup von Neumann subalgebra in $L(\textbf{k}^2\rtimes SL_2(\textbf{k}))$ for $\textbf{k}=\mathbb{Q}$. Then we show how to modify the proof to handle $\textbf{k}=\mathbb{Z}$. The key step for the proof is a complete description of all intermediate von Neumann subalgebras between $L(SL_2(\textbf{k}))$ and $L^{\infty}(Y)\rtimes SL_2(\textbf{k})$, where $SL_2(\textbf{k})\curvearrowright Y$ denotes the quotient of the algebraic action $SL_2(\textbf{k})\curvearrowright \widehat{\textbf{k}^2}$ by modding out the relation $ϕ\sim ϕ'$, where $ϕ$, $ϕ'\in \widehat{\textbf{k}^2}$ and $ϕ'(x, y):=ϕ(-x, -y)$ for all $(x, y)\in \textbf{k}^2$. As a by-product, we show $L(PSL_2(\mathbb{Q}))$ is a maximal von Neumann subalgebra in $L^{\infty}(Y)\rtimes PSL_2(\mathbb{Q})$; in particular, $PSL_2(\mathbb{Q})\curvearrowright Y$ is a prime action, i.e. it admits no non-trivial quotient actions.
description: v2: simply formulas and calculations and minor corrections according to referee report, accepted to JOT
Optimizing User Interface Layouts via Gradient Descent
Creators: name: Duan, Peitong
name: Wierzynski, Casimir
name: Nachman, Lama
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automating parts of the user interface (UI) design process has been a longstanding challenge. We present an automated technique for optimizing the layouts of mobile UIs. Our method uses gradient descent on a neural network model of task performance with respect to the model's inputs to make layout modifications that result in improved predicted error rates and task completion times. We start by extending prior work on neural network based performance prediction to 2-dimensional mobile UIs with an expanded interaction space. We then apply our method to two UIs, including one that the model had not been trained on, to discover layout alternatives with significantly improved predicted performance. Finally, we confirm these predictions experimentally, showing improvements up to 9.2 percent in the optimized layouts. This demonstrates the algorithm's efficacy in improving the task performance of a layout, and its ability to generalize and improve layouts of new interfaces.
A pilot open-label feasibility trial examining an adjunctive mindfulness intervention for adolescents with obesity
Creators: name: Cotter, Elizabeth
name: Hornack, Sarah E.
name: Fotang, Jenny P.
name: Pettit, Elizabeth
name: Mirza, Nazrat M.
Publisher: name: Pilot and Feasibility Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: Obesity in adolescence is predictive of obesity in adulthood and risk for chronic disease. Traditional behavioral approaches to addressing obesity in adolescence rarely yield meaningful changes in body mass index (BMI), suggesting that adjunctive treatments are necessary. Herein, we describe a study examining whether it is feasible to integrate a brief mindfulness intervention with the usual recommended care for adolescent obesity in a pediatric weight management clinic. Methods: We conducted a single arm open-label trial with 11 adolescent patients with obesity. Participants received the recommended standard of medical management of obesity (usual care) plus a six-week mindfulness intervention. To assess our primary aim of feasibility, we examined recruitment, retention, and satisfaction rates. Participants also completed measures of mindfulness, emotion regulation, disordered eating, quality of life, and executive functioning, and had their BMI and blood pressure measured. Results: We recruited 11 adolescents to participate in the intervention, with 8 (73%) completing the entire program. Attendance rates (85%) and satisfaction rates (100%) were promising for a larger trial. While preliminary analyses of changes in health outcomes should be examined with caution, effect sizes ranged from small to large with some promising trends in eating behaviors. Discussion: It might be feasible to augment existing behavioral interventions for adolescents with obesity with brief mindfulness; however, some adaptations are needed to enhance recruitment and retention. The lessons learned in this feasibility study can inform an adequately powered efficacy trial.
Cooperative Incentives for Vertical Integration: The Bilateral Monopoly Case
Creators: name: Bhuyan, Sanjib
name: Royer, Jeffrey S.
name: Bhuyan, Sanjib
name: Royer, Jeffrey S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Industrial Organization

description: A model for evaluating farmer cooperative incentives for integrating forward into processing activities is presented for the bilateral monopoly market structure. Analysis suggests that cooperatives lack an incentive to integrate unless they are successful in restricting producer output to optimal levels. This result provides an additional explanation for empirical observations.
Discovery of a Low Mass Bipolar Molecular Outflow from L1014-IRS with the Submillimeter Array
Creators: name: Bourke, Tyler L.
name: Crapsi, Antonio
name: Myers, Philip C.
name: Evans, Neal J.
name: Wilner, David J.
name: Huard, Tracy L.
name: Jorgensen, Jes K.
name: Young, Chadwick H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Submillimeter Array we report the discovery of a compact low mass bipolar molecular outflow from L1014-IRS and confirm its association with the L1014 dense core at 200 pc. Consequently, L1014-IRS is the lowest luminosity (L \~0.09 Lsun) and perhaps the lowest mass source known to be driving a bipolar molecular outflow, which is one of the smallest known in size (~500 AU), mass (< 10^{-4} Msun), and energetics (e.g., force < 10^{-7} Msun km/s/yr).
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, to appear in ApJ Letters
(In)citing action to realize an equitable future
Creators: name: Dworkin, Jordan D.
name: Zurn, Perry
name: Bassett, Danielle S.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Reference lists of neuroscience articles show marked gender imbalances. To mitigate this disparity, we discuss relevant ethical considerations and offer practical recommendations to scientists of all ages. We envision an equitable future by all scientists for all scientists. Reference lists of neuroscience articles show marked gender imbalances. To mitigate this disparity and realize an equitable future, Dworkin et al. discuss relevant ethical considerations and offer practical recommendations to trainees, senior scientists, laboratory heads, editors, reviewers, mentors, and instructors.
(In)citing action to realize an equitable future
Creators: name: Dworkin, Jordan D.
name: Zurn, Perry
name: Bassett, Danielle S.
Publisher: name: Neuron
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences

description: Reference lists of neuroscience articles show marked gender imbalances. To mitigate this disparity, we discuss relevant ethical considerations and offer practical recommendations to scientists of all ages. We envision an equitable future by all scientists for all scientists. Reference lists of neuroscience articles show marked gender imbalances. To mitigate this disparity and realize an equitable future, Dworkin et al. discuss relevant ethical considerations and offer practical recommendations to trainees, senior scientists, laboratory heads, editors, reviewers, mentors, and instructors.
Additional file 1 of Three decades of a lesson learned from Thailand: compulsory service for dentist workforce distribution
Creators: name: Arunratanothai, Tanit
name: Booncharoen, Ravisorn
name: Suwankomolkul, Sirapop
name: Limpuangthip, Nareudee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Inflation rate of Thailand and inflation coefficient value.
Estrogen as a neuroprotectant in both sexes : stories from the bird brain
Creators: name: Saldanha, Colin
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Estrogens such as estradiol (E2) are potent effectors of neural structure and function via peripheral and central synthesis. In the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata), neural E2 synthesis is among the highest reported in homeotherms due to the abundant constitutive expression of aromatase (E-synthase) in discrete neuronal pools across the forebrain. Following penetrating or concussive trauma, E2 synthesis increases even further via the induced expression of aromatase in reactive astrocytes around the site of damage. Injury-associated astrocytic aromatization occurs in the brains of both sexes regardless of the site of injury and can remain elevated for weeks following trauma. Interestingly, penetrating injury induces astrocytic aromatase more rapidly in females compared to males, but this sex difference is not detectable 24 h posttrauma. Indeed, unilateral penetrating injury can increase E2 content 4-fold relative to the contralateral uninjured hemisphere, suggesting that glial aromatization may be a powerful source of neural E2 available to circuits. Glial aromatization is neuroprotective as inhibition of injury-induced aromatase increases neuroinflammation, gliosis, necrosis, apoptosis, and infarct size. These effects are ameliorated upon replacement with E2, suggesting that the songbird may have evolved a rapidly responsive neurosteroidogenic system to protect vulnerable brain circuits. The precise signals that induce aromatase expression in astrocytes include elements of the inflammatory cascade and underscore the sentinel role of the innate immune system as a crucial effector of trauma-associated E2 provision in the vertebrate brain. This review will describe the inductive signals of astroglial aromatase and the neuroprotective role for glial E2 synthesis in the adult songbird brains of both sexes. © Copyright © 2020 Saldanha.
Additional file 5 of Reduction of circulating innate lymphoid cell progenitors results in impaired cytokine production by innate lymphoid cells in patients with lupus nephritis
Creators: name: Seungwon Ryu
name: Lee, Eun Young
name: Kim, Dong Ki
name: Kim, Yon Su
name: Chung, Doo Hyun
name: Kim, Ji Hyung
name: Hajeong Lee
name: Kim, Hye Young
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 5: Figure S5. PD-1 expressing ILCs within PBMCS did not express IFN-γ, IL-13, or IL-17A. ILCs in both (a) HC and (b) LN.
Vortex Penetration in Magneto-Superconducting Heterostructures
Creators: name: Erdin, Serkan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report our results on vortex penetration in two realizations of heterogeneos magneto-superconducting systems (HMSS) based on London approach; semi-infinite ferromagnetic(FM)-superconducting(SC) bilayers and a FM dot on a semi-infinite SC film. In the first case, we study quantitatively the vortex entry in FM-SC bilayers which manifests Bean-Livingston-like vortex barrier, controlled by FM film's magnetization $m$ and SC film's Ginzburg parameter $κ$. In the second case, we investigate the conditions for sponteneous vortex creation and determine the position of vortex for various values of magnetization and the dot's position.
description: accepted for publication in Phys Rev B
Additional file 1 of Effect of age at vaccination on the measles vaccine effectiveness and immunogenicity: systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Carazo, Sara
name: Marie-Noëlle Billard
name: Boutin, Amélie
name: Serres, Gaston De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Systematic review protocol. This document describes the protocol for the systematic review and meta-analysis.
Stability and the Evolvability of Function in a Model Protein
Creators: name: Bloom, Jesse D
name: Wilke, Claus O
name: Arnold, Frances H
name: Adami, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Functional proteins must fold with some minimal stability to a structure that can perform a biochemical task. Here we use a simple model to investigate the relationship between the stability requirement and the capacity of a protein to evolve the function of binding to a ligand. Although our model contains no built-in tradeoff between stability and function, proteins evolved function more efficiently when the stability requirement was relaxed. Proteins with both high stability and high function evolved more efficiently when the stability requirement was gradually increased than when there was constant selection for high stability. These results show that in our model, the evolution of function is enhanced by allowing proteins to explore sequences corresponding to marginally stable structures, and that it is easier to improve stability while maintaining high function than to improve function while maintaining high stability. Our model also demonstrates that even in the absence of a fundamental biophysical tradeoff between stability and function, the speed with which function can evolve is limited by the stability requirement imposed on the protein.
description: Biophysical Journal in press
Witnessing non-classicality beyond quantum theory
Creators: name: Marletto, Chiara
name: Vedral, Vlatko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a general argument to show that if a physical system can mediate locally the generation of entanglement between two quantum systems, then it itself must be non-classical. Remarkably, we do not assume any classical or quantum formalism to describe the mediating physical system: our result follows from general information-theoretic principles, drawn from the recently proposed constructor theory of information. This argument provides the indispensable theoretical basis for recently proposed tests of non-classicality in gravity, based on witnessing gravitationally-induced entanglement in quantum probes.
title: Farmers’ behavioural determinants of on-farm biodiversity management in Europe: a systematic review
Creators: name: Klebl, Fabian
name: Feindt, Peter H.
name: Piorr, Annette
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biodiversity management
subject: Environmental perception
subject: Agri-environment-climate measures (AECM)
subject: Sustainable farming
subject: Systematic literature review
subject: Common Agricultural Policy (CAP)
subject: 630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Agricultural intensification and landscape homogenisation are major drivers of biodiversity loss in European agricultural landscapes. Improvements require changes in farming practices, but empirical evidence on farmers’ motivations underlying their on-farm biodiversity management remains fragmented. To date, there is no aggregated overview of behavioural determinants that influence European farmers’ decisions to implement biodiversity-friendly farming practices. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by conducting a systematic literature review of 150 empirical studies published between 2000 and 2022. We identified 108 potential determinants of farmers’ behaviour, which were integrated into a multilevel framework. The results show that the farmers’ decisions are complex and often non-directional processes, shaped by numerous external (at a society, landscape, community, and farm level) and internal factors. These factors are embedded in regional and cultural contexts. However, the analysis of study sites indicates that the spatial coverage of scientific evidence on biodiversity-friendly farming measures is uneven across Europe. Given the diversity of local and socio-cultural conditions, there is a need for public policies, including the European Union’s Common Agricultural Policy, to address more specifically determinants encouraging biodiversity-friendly farm management. This entails reflecting culture-specific perspectives and incorporating experiential knowledge into multilevel policy design processes, as well as offering regionally adapted advice on measure implementation and biodiversity impacts.
Pair-breaking and superconducting state recovery dynamics in MgB2
Creators: name: Demsar, J.
name: Averitt, R. D.
name: Taylor, A. J.
name: Kabanov, V. V.
name: Kang, W. N.
name: Kim, H. J.
name: Choi, E. M.
name: Lee, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present studies of the photoexcited quasiparticle dynamics in MgB2 where, using femtosecond optical techniques, Cooper pair breaking dynamics (PBD) have been temporally resolved for the first time. The PBD are strongly temperature and photoexcitation intensity dependent. Analysis of the PBD using the Rothwarf-Taylor equations suggests that the anomalous PBD arises from the fact that in MgB2 photoexcitation is initially followed by energy relaxation to high frequency phonons instead of, as commonly assumed, e-e thermalization. Furthermore, the bare quasiparticle recombination rate and the probability for pair-breaking by phonons have been determined.
description: to be published in Physical Review Letters
Comparing teh holographic principle inspired dark energy models
Creators: name: Dubey, Vipin Chandra
name: Sharma, Umesh Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we use the statefinder parameter diagnostic to the Holographic principal inspired dark energy models, taking into consideration, the Tsallis Holographic dark energy (THDE) model, the standard Holographic dark energy (HDE) model, and the R$\acute{e}$nyi holographic dark energy (RHDE) model. The evolutionary behaviour of first statefinder $r(z)$, second statefinder parameter $s(z)$, the statefinder parameter pairs $(r, s)$ and $(r, q)$ as well as the deceleration parameter $q(z)$ are plotted for comparison for the various parameter values of the respective dark energy models. In the low redshift region, it is observed from these plots that the Tsallis holographic dark energy (THDE) model and R$\acute{e}$nyi holographic dark energy (RHDE) model approach to the $Λ$CDM model. While for the HDE model, the evolutionary behaviour can be differentiated from the $Λ$CDM model in the low-redshift region. For all three dark energy models, a direct comparison in $q(z)$, $r(z)$, $s(z)$, $(r, s)$ and $(r, q)$ plane have also been done, in which the discrimination between these three models wif the $Λ$CDM model) may be easily seen.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Additional file 4 of Reduction of circulating innate lymphoid cell progenitors results in impaired cytokine production by innate lymphoid cells in patients with lupus nephritis
Creators: name: Seungwon Ryu
name: Lee, Eun Young
name: Kim, Dong Ki
name: Kim, Yon Su
name: Chung, Doo Hyun
name: Kim, Ji Hyung
name: Hajeong Lee
name: Kim, Hye Young
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. Blood ILCs from a healthy control before in vitro culture, related to Fig. 5a, b.
Estrogen as a neuroprotectant in both sexes : stories from the bird brain
Creators: name: Saldanha, Colin
Publisher: name: Frontiers in Neurology
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences

description: Estrogens such as estradiol (E2) are potent effectors of neural structure and function via peripheral and central synthesis. In the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata), neural E2 synthesis is among the highest reported in homeotherms due to the abundant constitutive expression of aromatase (E-synthase) in discrete neuronal pools across the forebrain. Following penetrating or concussive trauma, E2 synthesis increases even further via the induced expression of aromatase in reactive astrocytes around the site of damage. Injury-associated astrocytic aromatization occurs in the brains of both sexes regardless of the site of injury and can remain elevated for weeks following trauma. Interestingly, penetrating injury induces astrocytic aromatase more rapidly in females compared to males, but this sex difference is not detectable 24 h posttrauma. Indeed, unilateral penetrating injury can increase E2 content 4-fold relative to the contralateral uninjured hemisphere, suggesting that glial aromatization may be a powerful source of neural E2 available to circuits. Glial aromatization is neuroprotective as inhibition of injury-induced aromatase increases neuroinflammation, gliosis, necrosis, apoptosis, and infarct size. These effects are ameliorated upon replacement with E2, suggesting that the songbird may have evolved a rapidly responsive neurosteroidogenic system to protect vulnerable brain circuits. The precise signals that induce aromatase expression in astrocytes include elements of the inflammatory cascade and underscore the sentinel role of the innate immune system as a crucial effector of trauma-associated E2 provision in the vertebrate brain. This review will describe the inductive signals of astroglial aromatase and the neuroprotective role for glial E2 synthesis in the adult songbird brains of both sexes. © Copyright © 2020 Saldanha.
Bayesian Poroelastic Aquifer Characterization from InSAR Surface Deformation Data. Part I: Maximum A Posteriori Estimate
Creators: name: Alghamdi, Amal
name: Hesse, Marc A.
name: Chen, Jingyi
name: Ghattas, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Characterizing the properties of groundwater aquifers is essential for predicting aquifer response and managing groundwater resources. In this work, we develop a high-dimensional scalable Bayesian inversion framework governed by a three-dimensional quasi-static linear poroelastic model to characterize lateral permeability variations in groundwater aquifers. We determine the maximum a posteriori (MAP) point of the posterior permeability distribution from centimeter-level surface deformation measurements obtained from Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR). The scalability of our method to high parameter dimension is achieved through the use of adjoint-based derivatives, inexact Newton methods to determine the MAP point, and a Matérn class sparse prior precision operator. Together, these guarantee that the MAP point is found at a cost, measured in number of forward/adjoint poroelasticity solves, that is independent of the parameter dimension. We apply our methodology to a test case for a municipal well in Mesquite, Nevada, in which InSAR and GPS surface deformation data are available. We solve problems with up to 320,824 state variable degrees of freedom (DOFs) and 16,896 parameter DOFs. A consistent treatment of noise level is employed so that the aquifer characterization result does not depend on the pixel spacing of surface deformation data. Our results show that the use of InSAR data significantly improves characterization of lateral aquifer heterogeneity, and the InSAR-based aquifer characterization recovers complex lateral displacement trends observed by independent daily GPS measurements.