cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hubble Space Telescope Images of Red Mergers: How Dry are They?
Creators: name: Whitaker, K. E.
name: van Dokkum, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mergers between red galaxies are observed to be common in the nearby Universe, and are thought to be the dominant mechanism by which massive galaxies grow their mass at late times. These ``dry'' mergers can be readily identified in very deep ground based images, thanks to their extended low surface brightness tidal features. However, ground-based images lack the required resolution to determine the morphologies of the merging galaxies, and to measure the amount of dust and associated gas. We present HST/ACS and WFPC2 observations of a sample of 31 bulge-dominated red-sequence galaxies at z~0.1, comprised of ongoing mergers, merger remnants, and undisturbed galaxies. Nearly all galaxies have early-type morphologies and most are well-fit by r^1/4 law surface brightness profiles. We find that only 10% of the galaxies show evidence for the presence of dust. The amount of cold gas (or its upper limit) is calculated from the mean color-excess, assuming a simple relation between gas mass and dust mass. The gas mass is low for all galaxies, and we find that Mgas/Mstellar < 3x10^-4. We infer that red mergers in the nearby Universe mostly involve early-type galaxies containing little cold gas and dust. This may imply that the progenitors were mostly devoid of gas and/or that feedback mechanisms are very effective in preventing the gas to cool. The lack of gas in these objects may also imply a relatively large fraction of binary black holes in the centers of massive ellipticals.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; to be published in ApJL
Letter from F. H. Starr in Calgary, A.B., to James Goldie, March 3 1911
Creators: name: Starr, F.H.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to James Goldie from F. H. Starr in Calgary, A.B., dated March 3, 1911, regarding payment for transfer of land to Goldie.
COVID-19 Response: Comparative Case Study between Italy, Sweden and South Korea Read article
Creators: name: Haque, Sharmi
name: Hrzic, Rok
name: Yassaee, Arrash
name: van Kessel, Robin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Introduction Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) is a novel coronavirus and the agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV2 is known to have originated in Wuhan, China. The WHO declared COVID-19 a pandemic in March 2020. COVID-19 presents as a respiratory illness of varying severities ranging from a common cold-like illness to a severe viral pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Amidst the pandemic, COVID-19 responses have varied between across Europe and beyond. Contrasting the country responses to COVID-19 is of great interest as it identifies lessons for future pandemic preparedness (Bjørnskov, 2021; Habib, 2020). Objective The objective of this study is to inform policymakers about the effectiveness of country-specific COVID-19 responses in reducing the cases of COVID-19 and the role of health inequalities. The responses of Italy, Sweden, and South Korea between March and September 2020 were selected for an in-depth analysis. Rationale Italy had installed a national lockdown, minimised outdoor activities, and imposed restrictions on international travel and public gatherings. In contrast, Sweden had adopted a less restrictive strategy, permitting outside activities to take place, and allowing gatherings of up to 50 persons, while restricting international and non-essential travel (Habib, 2020). South Korea was able to bring the transmission of COVID-19 under control through more targeted measures, avoiding a national lockdown and instead increasing the deployment of COVID-19 testing and contact tracing(COVID-19 and the Long Road to Herd Immunity | Hub, n.d.)(Ritchie et al., 2020a).
Single book PDF for community members
Creators: name: Butler, Lynnika
name: Geary, Quirina
name: Warner, Natasha
name: Van Volkinburg, Heather
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: css

description: 1 PDF file. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). If you wish to cite this material or use it for additional analyses or publications, please attempt to contact a member of the Mutsun community, starting with co-author Quirina Geary (qgeary@tamien.org). This is not for permission, but to keep the community informed of what is being published about them.
Galactic Winds across the Gas-Rich Merger Sequence: I. Highly Ionized N V and O VI Outflows in the QUEST Quasars
Creators: name: Veilleux, Sylvain
name: Rupke, David S. N.
name: Liu, Weizhe
name: To, Anthony
name: Trippe, Margaret
name: Tripp, Todd M.
name: Hamann, Fred
name: Genzel, Reinhard
name: Lutz, Dieter
name: Maiolino, Roberto
name: Netzer, Hagai
name: Sembach, Kenneth R.
name: Sturm, Eckhard
name: Tacconi, Linda
name: Teng, Stacy H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This program is part of QUEST (Quasar/ULIRG Evolutionary Study) and seeks to examine the gaseous environments of z < 0.3 quasars and ULIRGs as a function of host galaxy properties and age across the merger sequence from ULIRGs to quasars. This first paper in the series focuses on 33 quasars from the QUEST sample and on the kinematics of the highly ionized gas phase traced by the N V 1238, 1243 A and O VI 1032, 1038 A absorption lines in high-quality Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) data. N V and O VI outflows are present in about 60% of the QUEST quasars and span a broad range of properties, both in terms of equivalent widths (from 20 mA to 25 A) and kinematics (outflow velocities from a few x 100 km/s up to ~10,000 km/s). The rate of incidence and equivalent widths of the highly ionized outflows are higher among X-ray weak or absorbed sources. The weighted outflow velocity dispersions are highest among the X-ray weakest sources. No significant trends are found between the weighted outflow velocities and the properties of the quasars and host galaxies although this may be due to the limited dynamic range of properties of the current sample. These results will be re-examined in an upcoming paper where the sample is expanded to include the QUEST ULIRGs. Finally, a lower limit of ~0.1% on the ratio of time-averaged kinetic power to bolometric luminosity is estimated in the 2-4 objects with blueshifted P V 1117, 1128 absorption features.
description: 37 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
INGLİZ TİLİNİ O'QİTİSHDA YUZAGA KELADİGAN MUAMMOLAR
Creators: name: Sayfiyeva, Mohinur
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ingliz tili bugungi kunda global kommunikatsiyaning asosiy vositasi bo'lib, ko'plab mamlakatlarda ta'lim tizimining ajralmas qismi hisoblanadi. Biroq, ingliz tilini o'qitishda bir qator qiyinchiliklar mavjud. O'quvchilarning ingliz tilini o'rganishga bo'lgan motivatsiyasi ko'pincha past bo'ladi. Ular tilni o'rganishning foydasini tushunmasliklari yoki o'zlariga qiziq bo'lmagan mavzular bilan shug'ullanishlari mumkin. Bu, o'qitish jarayonini qiyinlashtiradi va o'quvchilarning muvaffaqiyatini pasaytiradi. Ingliz tilini o'qitayotgan o'qituvchilarning malakasi va tajribasi muhim ahamiyatga ega. Ba'zi o'qituvchilar zamonaviy pedagogik usullarni bilmasligi yoki tilni o'zlari yaxshi bilmasligi mumkin.
Large deviation approach to non equilibrium processes in stochastic lattice gases
Creators: name: Bertini, L.
name: De Sole, A.
name: Gabrielli, D.
name: Jona-Lasinio, G.
name: Landim, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60K35, 60F10

description: We present a review of recent work on the statistical mechanics of non equilibrium processes based on the analysis of large deviations properties of microscopic systems. Stochastic lattice gases are non trivial models of such phenomena and can be studied rigorously providing a source of challenging mathematical problems. In this way, some principles of wide validity have been obtained leading to interesting physical consequences.
description: Extended version of the lectures given by G. Jona-Lasinio at the 9th Brazilian school of Probability, August 2005
On the nature of VX Sagitarii: Is it a TZO, a RSG or a high-mass AGB star?
Creators: name: Tabernero, H. M.
name: Dorda, R.
name: Negueruela, I.
name: Marfil, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We present a spectroscopic analysis of the extremely luminous red star VX Sgr based on high-resolution observations combined with AAVSO light curve data. Given the puzzling characteristics of VX Sgr, we explore three scenarios for its nature: a massive red supergiant (RSG) or hypergiant (RHG), a Thorne Zytkow object (TZO), and an extreme Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) star. Methods. Sampling more than one whole cycle of photometric variability, we derive stellar atmospheric parameters by using state-of-the-art PHOENIX atmospheric models. We compare them to optical and near infrared spectral types. We report on some key features due to neutral elemental atomic species such as Li I, Ca I, and Rb I. Results. We provide new insights into its luminosity, evolutionary stage as well as its pulsation period. Based on all the data, there are two strong reasons to believe that VX Sgr is some sort of extreme AGB star. Firstly, its Mira-like behaviour during active phases. VX Sgr shows light variations with amplitudes much larger than any known RSG and clearly larger than all RHGs. In addition, it displays Balmer line emission and, as shown here for the first time, line doubling of its metallic spectrum at maximum light, both characteristics typical of Miras. Secondly, unlike any known RSG or RHG, VX Sgr displays strong Rb I lines. In addition to the photospheric lines that are sometimes seen, it always shows circumstellar components whose expansion velocity is compatible with that of the OH masers in the envelope, demonstrating a continuous enrichment of the outer atmosphere with s-process elements, a behaviour that can only be explained by third dredge up during the thermal pulse phase.
description: 16 pages, 10 Figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Scale and Conformal Invariance in Higher Derivative Shift Symmetric Theories
Creators: name: Safari, Mahmoud
name: Stergiou, Andreas
name: Vacca, Gian Paolo
name: Zanusso, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical behavior of infinite families of shift symmetric interacting theories with higher derivative kinetic terms (non unitary) is considered. Single scalar theories with shift symmetry are classified according to their upper critical dimensions and studied at the leading non trivial order in perturbation theory. For two infinite families, one with quartic and one with cubic interactions, beta functions, criticality conditions and universal anomalous dimensions are computed. At the order considered, the cubic theories enjoy a one loop non renormalization of the vertex, so that the beta function depends non trivially only on the anomalous dimension. The trace of the energy momentum tensor is also investigated and it is shown that these two families of QFTs are conformally invariant at the fixed point of the RG flow.
description: 29 pages, 3 figures, Latex, matching published JHEP version
Measurement-based quantum computation and undecidable logic
Creators: name: Nest, M. Van den
name: Briegel, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a connection between measurement-based quantum computation and the field of mathematical logic. We show that the computational power of an important class of quantum states called graph states, representing resources for measurement-based quantum computation, is reflected in the expressive power of (classical) formal logic languages defined on the underlying mathematical graphs. In particular, we show that for all graph state resources which can yield a computational speed-up with respect to classical computation, the underlying graphs--describing the quantum correlations of the states--are associated with undecidable logic theories. Here undecidability is to be interpreted in a sense similar to Goedel's incompleteness results, meaning that there exist propositions, expressible in the above classical formal logic, which cannot be proven or disproven.
description: 10 pages. Presentation improved. Paper to appear in Found. Phys.; currently published online
The Milky Way Rotation Curve and its Vertical Derivatives Inside the Solar Circle
Creators: name: Levine, E. S.
name: Heiles, Carl
name: Blitz, Leo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the Galactic rotation curve and its first two vertical derivatives in the first and fourth quadrants of the Milky Way using the 21 cm VGPS and SGPS. We find tangent velocities of the atomic gas as a function of galactic longitude and latitude by fitting an analytic line profile to the edges of the velocity profiles. The shape of the analytic profile depends only on the tangent velocity and the velocity dispersion of the gas. We use two complementary methods to analyze the tangent velocities: a global model to fit typical parameter values and a local fitting routine to examine spatial variations. We confirm the validity of our fitting routines by testing simple models. Both the global and local fits are consistent with a vertical falloff in the rotation curve of -22 +/- 6 km/s/kpc within 100 pc of the Galactic midplane. The magnitude of the falloff is several times larger than what would be expected from the change in the potential alone, indicating some other physical process is important. The falloff we measure is consistent in magnitude with that measured in the halo gas of other galaxies.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures (3 color), 4 tables; ApJ accepted
IRAM 30 m CO-line Observation toward PeVatron Candidate G106.3+2.7: Direct Interaction between the Shock and the Molecular Cloud Remains Uncertain
Creators: name: Liu, Qian-Cheng
name: Zhou, Ping
name: Chen, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernova remnant (SNR) G106.3+2.7 was recently found to be one of the few potential Galactic hadronic PeVatrons. Aiming to test how solid the SNR is associated with the molecular clouds (MCs) that are thought to be responsible for hadronic interaction, we performed a new CO observation with the IRAM 30m telescope toward its "belly" region, which is coincident with the centroid of the $γ$-ray emission. There is a filament structure in the local-standard-of-rest velocity interval $-8$ to $-5$ km/s that nicely follows the northern radio boundary of the SNR. We have seen asymmetric broad profiles of $^{12}$CO lines, with widths of a few km/s along the northern boundary and in the "belly" region of G106.3+2.7, but similar $^{12}$CO line profiles are also found outside the SNR boundary. Further, the low $^{12}$CO J=2-1/J=1-0 line ratios suggest the MCs are cool. Therefore, it is still uncertain whether the MCs are directly disturbed by the SNR shocks, but we do find some clues that the MCs are nearby and thus can still be illuminated by the escaped protons from the SNR. Notably, we find an expanding molecular structure with a velocity of $\sim$3.5 km/s and a velocity gradient of the MCs across the SNR from $\sim -3$ to $-7$ km/s, which could be explained as the effect of the wind blown by the SNR's progenitor star.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures. Accepted by the Astrophysical Journal
Search for Z'--> e^+e^- Using Dielectron Mass and Angular Distribution
Creators: name: CDF Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for Z' bosons in dielectron events produced in ppbar collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV, using a 0.45 fb^(-1) dataset accumulated with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. To identify the Z' --> e^+e^- signal, both the dielectron invariant mass distribution and the angular distribution of the electron pair are used. No evidence of a signal is found, and 95% confidence level lower limits are set on the Z' mass for several models. Limits are also placed on the mass and gauge coupling of a generic Z', as well as on the contact interaction mass scales for different helicity structure scenarios.
description: Submitted to PRL 7 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables
Die Erwartungshaltung von Weintouristen in Deutschland
Creators: name: Rüdiger, Jens
name: Hanf, Jon Henrich
name: Schweikert, Erik
Publisher: name: Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft
Year: 2015

description: Durch die allgemeine Zunahme von Kurzurlaubsreisen sieht auch die Weinbranche in Europa immer mehr die wirtschaftlichen Vorteile und die damit einhergehenden positiven Synergien zwischen Wein und Tourismus. Das in unseren Breiten noch sehr junge Thema Weintourismus beschränkt sich in wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten meist auf die Angebotsstruktur und nicht auf die Erwartung der Konsumenten. In dieser Untersuchung wurden die Erwartungen von Weintouristen analysiert, um die aus der Literatur und die durch Experteninterviews gewonnenen Erkenntnisse für Weinbaugemeinden als Empfehlung zu Grunde legen zu können. Es zeigte sich, dass es nur eine geringe Zahl von Weinreisenden gibt, die explizit des Weines Willen in eine Region reist. Der Großteil der Touristen möchte im Kurzurlaub vom Thema Wein am Rande in Form eines Zusatzerlebnisses berührt werden. Es zeigt sich, dass die Erwartungen an diese Erlebnisse eher klassisch und traditionell geprägt sind. Primär stehen für den Touristen Entspannung und Genuss im Vordergrund, wobei sie offen sind, um „Neues Kennenzulernen“ und ihr Wissen über Wein durch kommunikative Vermittlung zu erweitern. Die Präferenz liegt auf Weinfeste und Weinveranstaltungen in Verbindung mit einem Erlebniswert. Erwartet werden Angebote an erklärten Weinverkostungen, Gemeinschaftsvinotheken und Gastronomie, die einen direkten Bezug zu Wein aufweisen.
description: Berichte über Landwirtschaft - Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft, Band 93, Heft 2, August 2015
Moyal dynamics of constraint systems
Creators: name: Krivoruchenko, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantization of constraint systems within the Weyl-Wigner-Groenewold-Moyal framework is discussed. Constraint dynamics of classical and quantum systems is reformulated using the skew-gradient projection formalism. The quantum deformation of the Dirac bracket is generalized to match smoothly the classical Dirac bracket in and outside of the constraint submanifold in the limit $\hbar \to 0$.
description: REVTeX 8 pages, 2 eps figures. Presented at the XIII Annual Seminar "Nonlinear Phenomena in Complex Systems: Chaos, Fractals, Phase Transitions, Self-organization", Minsk, Belarus, May 16-19, 2006
Ammer, Christian / Lindemann, Andreas (Hrsg.): Hirnforschung und Menschenbild
Creators: name: Achtner, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 64 Nr. 2 (2015): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 64, Heft 2
A avaliação da investigação e a Ciência Aberta
Creators: name: Morphy Dias dos Santos, Charles
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Apresentação realizada no Painel sobre "A avaliação da investigação e a Ciência Aberta" , da 15ª Conferência Lusófona de Ciência Aberta, na Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto (ESEP), de 01 a 04 de outubro de 2024.
The Vector-Tensor nature of Bekenstein's relativistic theory of Modified Gravity
Creators: name: Zlosnik, T. G.
name: Ferreira, P. G.
name: Starkman, Glenn D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bekenstein's theory of relativistic gravity is conventionally written as a bi-metric theory. The two metrics are related by a disformal transformation defined by a dynamical vector field and a scalar field. In this comment we show that the theory can be re-written as Vector-Tensor theory akin to Einstein-Aether theories with non-canonical kinetic terms. We discuss some of the implications of this equivalence.
description: Updated version: Notation cleaned up and some typos corrected-TGZ
Study of the scaling and temporal properties of a simplified earthquake model
Creators: name: Groleau, Daniel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Certain driven systems consisting of a large number of elements evolve towards a critical state with no characteristic time or length scales. This class of phenomena is described as Self-Organized Criticality (SOC). SOC relies on the condition of a slow driving of the systems and the existence of fast burst-like responses of them and includes earthquakes. We employ a model proposed by Xu et al. for ruptures in an elastic medium, subject to shear stress, and apply it to the study of earthquakes. In the model, the size of an earthquake is defined as the number of ruptures occurring sequentially on the basic units of discretization (squares) of the medium. A histogram of the earthquake sizes shows that the model is not completely scale invariant due to finite-size effects. To take them into account, we implement a finite-size-scaling analysis. The results of this analysis show that the model is scale invariant only when there is stress conservation. So, the model displays SOC in the conservative case only. We also study the dynamic quantities of the model, in particular the average stress in the system. The sets of average stress values are analyzed using two types of time series analysis. The nonlinear forecasting analysis investigates whether time series exhibit low-dimensional chaotic behavior as opposed to high-dimensional (or stochastic) behavior. We find that the above time series have a nonlinear structure, but with a substantial stochastic component, so SOC is inherently high-dimensional. The appearance of nonlinear structure is due to the fact that the system stops following linearly the external drive when it releases stress through earthquakes. The rescaled range analysis characterizes the time correlations (or memory effects) in the time series. We find strong positive time correlations in the above time series. Their presence is due to the nature of the driving in the model. These memory effects are destroyed as soon as a large earthquake resets the system.
The Fate of the First Galaxies. III. Properties of Primordial Dwarf Galaxies and their Impact on the Intergalactic Medium
Creators: name: Ricotti, Massimo
name: Gnedin, Nickolay Y.
name: Shull, J. Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In two previous papers, we presented simulations of the first galaxies in a representative volume of the Universe. The simulations are unique because we model feedback-regulated galaxy formation, using time-dependent, spatially-inhomogeneous radiative transfer coupled to hydrodynamics. Here, we study the properties of simulated primordial dwarf galaxies with masses <2x10^8 Msolar and investigate their impact on the intergalactic medium. While many primordial galaxies are dark, about 100--500 per comoving Mpc^3 are luminous but relatively faint. They form preferentially in chain structures, and have low surface brightness stellar spheroids extending to 20% of the virial radius. Their interstellar medium has mean density n_H~10--100 cm^-3, metallicity Z~ 0.01--0.1 Zsolar and can sustain a multi-phase structure. With large scatter, the mean efficiency of star formation scales with halo mass, \propto M_dm^2, independent of redshift. Because of feedback, halos smaller than a critical mass, M_crit(z), are devoid of most of their baryons. More interestingly, we find that dark halos have always a smaller M_crit(z) than luminous ones. Metal enrichment of the intergalactic medium is inhomogeneous, with only a 1%--10% volume filling factor of enriched gas with [Z/H]>-3.0 and 10%--50% with [Z/H]>-5.0. At z=10, the fraction of stars with metallicity Z<10^-3 Zsolar is 10^-6 of the total stellar mass. Although detections of high-redshift dwarf galaxies with the James Webb Space Telescope will be a challenge, studies of their fossil records in the local Universe are promising because of their large spatial density.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables (emulateapj). Submitted to ApJ
Swarat, Uwe / Söding, Thomas (Hrsg.): Gemeinsame Hoffnung über den Tod hinaus
Creators: name: Neuner, Peter
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 64 Nr. 2 (2015): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 64, Heft 2
Cluster growth and dynamic scaling in a two-lane driven diffusive system
Creators: name: Georgiev, I. T.
name: Schmittmann, B.
name: Zia, R. K. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using high precision Monte Carlo simulations and a mean-field theory, we explore coarsening phenomena in a simple driven diffusive system. The model is reminiscent of vehicular traffic on a two-lane ring road. At sufficiently high density, the system develops jams (clusters) which coarsen with time. A key parameter is the passing probability, $γ$. For small values of $γ$, the growing clusters display dynamic scaling, with a growth exponent of 2/3. For larger values of $γ$, the growth exponent must be adjusted, suggesting the ordered (jammed) state is not a genuine phase but rather a finite size effect.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures. Accepted by Journal of Physics A (2006)
Interpreting the empirical field emission equation for large area field emitters
Creators: name: Biswas, Debabrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both single emitters and large area field emitters (LAFE) are generally characterized using the slope and intercept of a Murphy-Good (or Fowler-Nordheim) plot which are used to extract the field enhancement factor and the emission area. Using a shielding model that has been developed recently for a LAFE, the validity of the underlying assumption is investigated. It is found that in case of a LAFE, the slope has contributions from the enhancement factor {\it as well as} the rate at which the effective number of super-emitters changes with the applied field. As a consequence, the emission area is related to both the slope and the intercept in a LAFE. When the mean spacing in a LAFE is much larger than the height of emitter, the usual interpretation of the slope and intercept are recovered.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Individual chapter PDFs for community members
Creators: name: Butler, Lynnika
name: Geary, Quirina
name: Warner, Natasha
name: Van Volkinburg, Heather
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: css

description: 34 PDF files, one per chapter, with introductory material. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). If you wish to cite this material or use it for additional analyses or publications, please attempt to contact a member of the Mutsun community, starting with co-author Quirina Geary (qgeary@tamien.org). This is not for permission, but to keep the community informed of what is being published about them.
Generalized Q-functions for GKM
Creators: name: Mironov, A.
name: Morozov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently we explained that the classical $Q$ Schur functions stand behind various well-known properties of the cubic Kontsevich model, and the next step is to ask what happens in this approach to the generalized Kontsevich model (GKM) with monomial potential $X^{n+1}$. We propose to use the Hall-Littlewood polynomials at the parameter equal to the $n$-th root of unity as a generalization of the $Q$ Schur functions from $n=2$ to arbitrary $n>2$. They are associated with $n$-strict Young diagrams and are independent of time-variables $p_{kn}$ with numbers divisible by $n$. These are exactly the properties possessed by the generalized Kontsevich model (GKM), thus its partition function can be expanded in such functions $Q^{(n)}$. However, the coefficients of this expansion remain to be properly identified. At this moment, we have not found any "superintegrability" property $\,\sim character$, which expressed these coefficients through the values of $Q$ at delta-loci in the $n=2$ case. This is not a big surprise, because for $n>2$ our suggested $Q$ functions are not looking associated with characters.
description: 13 pages
High-Energy Cosmology: gamma rays and neutrinos from beyond the galaxy
Creators: name: Dermer, Charles D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our knowledge of the high-energy universe is undergoing a period of rapid change as new astronomical detectors of high-energy radiation start to operate at their design sensitivities. Now is a boomtime for high-energy astrophysics, with new discoveries from Swift and HESS, results from MAGIC and VERITAS starting to be reported, the upcoming launches of the gamma-ray space telescopes GLAST and AGILE, and anticipated data releases from IceCube and Auger. A formalism for calculating statistical properties of cosmological gamma-ray sources is presented. Application is made to model calculations of the statistical distributions of gamma-ray and neutrino emission from (i) beamed sources, specifically, long-duration GRBs, blazars, and extagalactic microquasars, and (ii) unbeamed sources, including normal galaxies, starburst galaxies and clusters. Expressions for the integrated intensities of faint beamed and unbeamed high-energy radiation sources are also derived. A toy model for the background intensity of radiation from dark-matter annihilation taking place in the early universe is constructed. Estimates for the gamma-ray fluxes of local group galaxies, starburst, and infrared luminous galaxies are briefly reviewed. Because the brightest extragalactic gamma-ray sources are flaring sources, and these are the best targets for sources of PeV -- EeV neutrinos and ultra-high energy cosmic rays, rapidly slewing all-sky telescopes like MAGIC and an all-sky gamma-ray observatory beyond Milagro will be crucial for optimal science return in the multi-messenger age.
description: 10 pages, 3 figs, accepted for publication in the Barcelona Conference on Multimessenger Astronomy; corrected eq. 27, revised Fig. 3, added 2 refs
Selfdual 4-Manifolds, Projective Surfaces, and the Dunajski-West Construction
Creators: name: Calderbank, David M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A30, 32L25, 37K25, 37K65, 53C25, 70S15, 83C20, 83C60

description: I present a construction of real or complex selfdual conformal 4-manifolds (of signature (2,2) in the real case) from a natural gauge field equation on a real or complex projective surface, the gauge group being the group of diffeomorphisms of a real or complex 2-manifold. The 4-manifolds obtained are characterized by the existence of a foliation by selfdual null surfaces of a special kind. The classification by Dunajski and West of selfdual conformal 4-manifolds with a null conformal vector field is the special case in which the gauge group reduces to the group of diffeomorphisms commuting with a vector field, and I analyse the presence of compatible scalar-flat Kähler, hypercomplex and hyperkähler structures from a gauge-theoretic point of view. In an appendix, I discuss the twistor theory of projective surfaces, which is used in the body of the paper, but is also of independent interest.
description: for Progress in Twistor Theory, SIGMA
INGLIZ TILINI O'QITISHDA ZAMONAVIY METODLAR
Creators: name: Sayfiyeva, Mohinur
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ingliz tili global kommunikatsiya tili sifatida muhim ahamiyatga ega. Bugungi kunda ingliz tilini o'qitishda zamonaviy metodlar va yondashuvlar o'qituvchilar va o'quvchilar uchun yangi imkoniyatlar yaratmoqda. Interaktiv o'qitish metodlari o'quvchilarning faol ishtirokini ta'minlaydi. Bu metodlar o'quvchilarga dars jarayonida faol ishtirok etish, savollar berish va fikr almashish imkonini beradi. Misol uchun, guruhli muhokamalar, rolli o'yinlar va simulyatsiyalar orqali o'quvchilar o'z fikrlarini ifoda etish va ingliz tilida muloqot qilish ko'nikmalarini rivojlantiradilar.
On IC 10 X-1, the Most Massive Known Stellar-Mass Black Hole
Creators: name: Silverman, Jeffrey M.
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: IC 10 X-1 is a variable X-ray source in the Local Group starburst galaxy IC 10 whose optical counterpart is a Wolf-Rayet (WR) star. Prestwich et al. (2007) recently proposed that it contains the most massive known stellar-mass black hole (23-34 M_sun), but their conclusion was based on radial velocities derived from only a few optical spectra, the most important of which was seriously affected by a CCD defect. Here we present new spectra of the WR star, spanning one month, obtained with the Keck-I 10 m telescope. The spectra show a periodic shift in the He II 4686 Ang. emission line as compared with IC 10 nebular lines such as [O III] 5007 Ang. From this, we calculate a period of 34.93+/-0.04 hr (consistent with the X-ray period of 34.40+/-0.83 hr reported by Prestwich et al. 2007) and a radial-velocity semi-amplitude of 370+/-20 km/s. The resulting mass function is 7.64+/-1.26 M_sun, consistent with that of Prestwich et al. (2007) (7.8 M_sun). This, combined with the previously estimated (from spectra) mass of 35 M_sun for the WR star, yields a minimum primary mass of 32.7+/-2.6 M_sun. Even if the WR star has a mass of only 17 M_sun, the minimum primary mass is 23.1+/-2.1 M_sun. Thus, IC 10 X-1 is indeed a WR/black-hole binary containing the most massive known stellar-mass black hole.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to ApJL
Appendici 1-8 alla tesi di dottorato 'Autrici per la scuola. Modelli d'italiano, aspetti pragmatici e livelli di leggibilità in libri di lettura per la scuola elementare (1882-1913)': 'Spoglio integrale con informazioni lessicografiche e bibliografiche: lessico e fraseologia'
Creators: name: Russo, Benedetto Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: libri di lettura, scuola elementare, autrici per l'infanzia, modello linguistico manzoniano, colloquialismi, aulicismi, toscanismi, forestierismi, tecnicismi, neologismi, locuzioni, formule, proverbi

description: Il documento consta di 8 Appendici alla tesi di dottorato di Benedetto Giuseppe Russo, dal titolo Autrici per la scuola. Modelli d’italiano, aspetti pragmatici e livelli di leggibilità in libri di lettura per la scuola elementare (1882-1913) (relatori: dott. Francesco Bianco; prof.ssa Elisa De Roberto), presentata presso il Dipartimento di Lingue Romanze della Palacký University di Olomouc (Rep. Ceca) nell’anno accademico 2020-2021. Tali Appendici contengono lo spoglio lessicale e fraseologico integrale dei libri di lettura studiati, corredato di informazioni lessicografiche e bibliografiche.
A Wide and Deep Exploration of Radio Galaxies with Subaru HSC (WERGS). VI. Distant Filamentary Structures Pointed by High-z Radio Galaxies at z~4
Creators: name: Uchiyama, Hisakazu
name: Yamashita, Takuji
name: Toshikawa, Jun
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
name: Ichikawa, Kohei
name: Kubo, Mariko
name: Ito, Kei
name: Kawakatu, Nozomu
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Toba, Yoshiki
name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: Harikane, Yuichi
name: Imanishi, Masatoshi
name: Kajisawa, Masaru
name: Lee, Chien-Hsiu
name: Liang, Yongming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the environmental properties around high-$z$ radio galaxies (HzRGs) at $z\sim4$, which have been poorly investigated because of their rarity. We use the largest samples of HzRGs and $g$-dropout galaxy overdense regions at $z\sim4$, which were constructed from Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program, to characterize the HzRG environments statistically. We measure the $g$-dropout galaxy overdensities around 21 HzRGs whose rest-frame 1.4 GHz radio luminosities ($L_{1.4\mathrm{GHz}}$) are $10^{26-27}$ W Hz$^{-1}$. We find that the overdensities around the faint HzRGs with $L_{1.4\mathrm{GHz}}\sim10^{26.0-26.5}$ W Hz$^{-1}$ tend to be higher than that of the $g$-dropout galaxies. On the other hand, no significant difference of density environments is found between the luminous HzRGs with $ L_{1.4\mathrm{GHz}}\sim10^{26.5-27.0} $ W Hz$^{-1}$ and the $g$-dropout galaxies. The HzRGs are found to occupy more massive halos than $g$-dropout galaxies through a cross-correlation between the HzRGs and $g$-dropout galaxies. This trend is more pronounced in the faint HzRGs. These results are consistent with a scenario where HzRGs get older and more massive as the radio-luminosity decreases. The HzRGs are expected to trace the progenitors of local cluster halos from their calculated halo mass. In addition, we find that surrounding galaxies tend to distribute along the radio-jet major axis of the HzRGs at angular distances less than $\lesssim500$ physical kpc. Our findings imply the onset of the filamentary structures around the HzRGs at $z\sim4$.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures, accepted in ApJ
On the de Haas - van Alphen oscillations in quasi-two-dimensional metals: effect of the Fermi surface curvature
Creators: name: Zimbovskaya, Natalya A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here, we present the results of theoretical analysis of the de Haas-van Alphen oscillations in quasi-two-dimensional normal metals. We had been studying effects of the Fermi surface (FS) shape on these oscillations. It was shown that the effects could be revealed and well pronounced when the FS curvature becomes zero at cross-sections with extremal cross-sectional areas. In this case both shape and amplitude of the oscillations could be significantly changed. Also, we analyze the effect of the FS local geometry on the angular dependencies of the oscillation amplitudes when the magnetic field is tilted away from the FS symmetry axis by the angle $θ.$ We show that a peak appears at $θ\approx 0$ whose height could be of the same order as the maximum at the Yamaji angle. This peak emerges when the FS includes zero curvature cross-sections of extremal areas. Such maximum was observed in experiments on the $α-(BETS)_4TIHg(SeCN)_4.$ The obtained results could be applied to organic metals and other quasi-two-dimensional compounds.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, text added, references added
Aspects of quantum dynamics in magnets
Creators: name: Dubé, Martin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: We investigate the quantum dynamics of a pair of magnetic grains and of a ferromagnetic domain wall in presence of both a Caldeira-Leggett type of environment and of nuclear spins, from which we consider the "degeneracy blocking" effect. For the grains, we find that dissipation is extremely disruptive to any kind of coherent tunneling, as most of the dynamics is composed of incoherent relaxation. We distinguish two regimes: the locked phase and the correlated phase. This last phase is quite interesting as we establish the existence of a region of "mutual coherence", where coherence is restored due to the interaction between the grains. In the simplified case where any bias on the grains is ignored, we give analytical results for the dynamics of the system in most of the regions of interest. In particular, we can obtain the values of the frequency of the oscillations in the occupancy probability functions as well as the corrections brought by the environment. We also examine the effect of phonons on the tunneling of a magnetic domain wall. We show that 1-phonon processes cause superohmic dissipation, as expected, but that the dominant term comes from the coupling of the phonons to the velocity of the wall. 2-phonon processes are found to give ohmic dissipation, with a temperature dependent friction coefficient η[sub 2ph](Τ) ~ T[sup d+3] where d is the dimensionality of the phonons. These two results are then used to establish the temperature dependence of the tunneling rate of the wall. At finite temperature, there is a decrease of the effect of 1-phonon processes proportional to T⁴. However, 2-phonon processes give an increasingly large effect as the temperature is raised, causing a competition between the two mechanisms in the overall temperature dependence of the tunneling exponent. Finally, we briefly examine the recently proposed phenomenon of band diffusion of a wall and of tunneling of its chirality. A very limited form of diffusion for small walls is possible, but the random potential created by the nuclear spins blocks any kind of coherent propagation for large walls. The motion then takes place by incoherent tunneling. As for the chirality, we find that its quantum behaviour is severely restricted, due to an ohmic coupling to the phonons.
Looking for a heavy wino LSP in collider and dark matter experiments
Creators: name: Chattopadhyay, Utpal
name: Das, Debottam
name: Konar, Partha
name: Roy, D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the phenomenology of a wino LSP as obtained in AMSB and some string models. The WMAP constraint on the DM relic density implies a wino LSP mass of 2.0-2.3 TeV. We find a viable signature for such a heavy wino at CLIC, operating at its highest CM energy of 5 TeV. One also expects a viable monochromatic $γ$-ray signal from its pair-annihilation at the galactic centre at least for cuspy DM halo profiles.
description: A discussion on non-perturbative effects on annihilation cross section of TeV scale wino LSP added. Version to appear in Phys. Rev. D.
Minimizing the discrimination time for quantum states of an artificial atom
Creators: name: Takmakov, Ivan
name: Winkel, Patrick
name: Foroughi, Farshad
name: Planat, Luca
name: Gusenkova, Daria
name: Spiecker, Martin
name: Rieger, Dennis
name: Grünhaupt, Lukas
name: Ustinov, Alexey V.
name: Wernsdorfer, Wolfgang
name: Pop, Ioan M.
name: Roch, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast discrimination between quantum states of superconducting artificial atoms is an important ingredient for quantum information processing. In circuit quantum electrodynamics, increasing the signal field amplitude in the readout resonator, dispersively coupled to the artificial atom, improves the signal-to-noise ratio and increases the measurement strength. Here we employ this effect over two orders of magnitude in readout power, made possible by the unique combination of a dimer Josephson junction array amplifier with a large dynamic range, and the fact that the readout of our granular aluminum fluxonium artificial atom remained quantum-non-demolition (QND) at relatively large photon numbers in the readout resonator, up to $\overline{n} = 110$. Using Bayesian inference, this allows us to detect quantum jumps faster than the readout resonator response time $2/κ$, where $κ$ is the bandwidth of the readout resonator.
description: main text: 5 pages + 4 figures. appendices: 3 pages + 3 figures
Individual chapter PDFs for the public
Creators: name: Butler, Lynnika
name: Geary, Quirina
name: Warner, Natasha
name: Van Volkinburg, Heather
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: css

description: 34 PDF files, one per chapter, with introductory material. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). If you wish to cite this material or use it for additional analyses or publications, please attempt to contact a member of the Mutsun community, starting with co-author Quirina Geary (qgeary@tamien.org). This is not for permission, but to keep the community informed of what is being published about them.
21cm Absorption by Compact Hydrogen Disks Around Black Holes in Radio-Loud Nuclei of Galaxies
Creators: name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The clumpy maser disks observed in some galactic nuclei mark the outskirts of the accretion disk that fuels the central black hole and provide a potential site of nuclear star formation. Unfortunately, most of the gas in maser disks is currently not being probed; large maser gains favor paths that are characterized by a small velocity gradient and require rare edge-on orientations of the disk. Here we propose a method for mapping the atomic hydrogen distribution in nuclear disks through its 21cm absorption against the radio continuum glow around the central black hole. In NGC 4258, the 21cm optical depth may approach unity for high angular-resolution (VLBI) imaging of coherent clumps which are dominated by thermal broadening and have the column density inferred from X-ray absorption data, ~10^{23}/cm^2. Spreading the 21cm absorption over the full rotation velocity width of the material in front of the narrow radio jets gives a mean optical depth of ~0.1. Spectroscopic searches for the 21cm absorption feature in other galaxies can be used to identify the large population of inclined gaseous disks which are not masing in our direction. Follow-up imaging of 21cm silhouettes of accelerating clumps within these disks can in turn be used to measure cosmological distances.
description: 4 pages
Dangel, Silke: Konfessionelle Identität und ökumenische Prozesse
Creators: name: Voigt, Karl Heinz
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 64 Nr. 2 (2015): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 64, Heft 2
Letter from F. H. Starr in Calgary, A.B., to James Goldie, March 9, 1911
Creators: name: Starr, F.H.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to James Goldie from F. H. Starr in Calgary, A.B., dated March 9, 1911, regarding sale and transfer of land from Robert W. Mayhew to Goldie.