cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Sturm und Schiffsverkehr
title: Der Konflikt zwischen Rechtspopulisten und christlichen Kirchen
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Backes (Ed.), Uwe
name: Hildmann (Ed.), Philipp
Publisher: name: Hanns-Seidel-Stiftung e.V.
Year: 2020

description: Die Migrationspolitik bildet das gesellschaftlich umstrittenste Thema der letzten Jahre. Trotz zahlreicher Konflikte mit den Kirchen erhoben Rechtspopulisten vielfach den Anspruch, "christliche" Positionen zu vertreten. Der folgende Beitrag bewertet dies aus theologisch-ethischer Sicht und skizziert Aufgaben im Umgang mit Migration. Wir möchten Ihnen mit diesem Beitrag eine spannende und interessante Lektüre bieten.
MARKETING CHANNELS COMPETE FOR U.S. STOCKER CATTLE
Creators: name: Schmitz, Troy G.
name: Moss, Charles B.
name: Schmitz, Andrew
name: Schmitz, Troy G.
name: Moss, Charles B.
name: Schmitz, Andrew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: internet sales
subject: livestock
subject: marketing channels
subject: New Institutional Economics
subject: transaction costs

description: This study investigates the underlying reasons for a producer's choice of marketing channels for stocker cattle in the United States. In addition to traditional public auctions, private sales, video auctions, and Internet auctions have been recently used in the marketing of stocker cattle. Findings show that while the number of marketing options may have increased in recent years, only relatively large producers can actually take advantage of these options. The marketing options for smaller producers are still limited due to their relative size. Also, the number of cattle marketed privately and through video and Internet auctions is found to be positively correlated with herd size. In addition, the New Institutional Economics (NIE) provides insights into how herd size influences the choice of marketing channels.
[Brev til Johan Ernst Gunnerus]
Creators: name: Tonning, Henrik
name: Gunnerus, Johan Ernst
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1767

description: Tonning skriver om sin forestående disputas og om div. koraller. Skriver også om Linné som han bor hos
description: Dahl nr.: 668. Polydoc nr. 1: 419. Polydoc nr. 2: 67.
A renormalized Gross-Pitaevskii Theory and vortices in a strongly interacting Bose gas
Creators: name: Moseley, Ch.
name: Ziegler, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a strongly interacting Bose-Einstein condensate in a spherical harmonic trap. The system is treated by applying a slave-boson representation for hard-core bosons. A renormalized Gross-Pitaevskii theory is derived for the condensate wave function that describes the dilute regime (like the conventional Gross-Pitaevskii theory) as well as the dense regime. We calculate the condensate density of a rotating condensate for both the vortex-free condensate and the condensate with a single vortex and determine the critical angular velocity for the formation of a stable vortex in a rotating trap.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures; revision and extension, figure 2 added
TRACEABILITY AND CERTIFICATION IN MEAT SUPPLY CHAINS
Creators: name: Meuwissen, Miranda P.M.
name: Velthuis, Annet G.J.
name: Hogeveen, Henk
name: Huirne, Ruud B.M.
name: Meuwissen, Miranda P.M.
name: Velthuis, Annet G.J.
name: Hogeveen, Henk
name: Huirne, Ruud B.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: certification
subject: cost-benefit analysis
subject: livestock production
subject: supply chain
subject: traceability

description: Food safety problems such as the BSE and dioxin crises focused attention on traceability systems and the certification of such systems. This study analyzes the status and perspectives of traceability systems and certification schemes, and reviews their potential costs and benefits. Results indicate that traceability and certification in meat supply chains comprise a very dynamic area with an increasing impact. Necessary transparency, control of livestock epidemics, increasing due diligence, and a declining role for governments are critical factors. Findings also reveal there is a general focus on the technical characteristics of traceability and certification, and there is a lack of economic considerations. Therefore, specific topics are emphasized for an economic research agenda, such as an analysis of the break-even point for the level of detail of traceability systems, the reconsideration of liability and recall insurance schemes, and regulatory incentives to motivate adoption by free-riders.
Deep learning Local Reduced Density Matrices for Many-body Hamiltonian Estimation
Creators: name: Ma, Xinran
name: Tu, Z. C.
name: Ran, Shi-Ju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Human experts cannot efficiently access the physical information of quantum many-body states by simply "reading" the coefficients, but have to reply on the previous knowledge such as order parameters and quantum measurements. In this work, we demonstrate that convolutional neural network (CNN) can learn from the coefficients of local reduced density matrices to estimate the physical parameters of the many-body Hamiltonians, such as coupling strengths and magnetic fields, provided the states as the ground states. We propose QubismNet that consists of two main parts: the Qubism map that visualizes the ground states (or the purified reduced density matrices) as images, and a CNN that maps the images to the target physical parameters. By assuming certain constraints on the training set for the sake of balance, QubismNet exhibits impressive powers of learning and generalization on several quantum spin models. While the training samples are restricted to the states from certain ranges of the parameters, QubismNet can accurately estimate the parameters of the states beyond such training regions. For instance, our results show that QubismNet can estimate the magnetic fields near the critical point by learning from the states away from the critical vicinity. Our work illuminates a data-driven way to infer the Hamiltonians that give the designed ground states, and therefore would benefit the existing and future generalizations of quantum technologies such as Hamiltonian-based quantum simulations and state tomography.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Photon dose calculations in inhomogeneous media
Creators: name: Shahine, Bilal Haidar
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A series of experiments were carried out to simulate air cavities in a polystyrene phantom. Results of experiments were compared to calculations done using three treatment planning systems employing Batho, modified Batho and the equivalent tissue-air-ratio (ETAR) methods for inhomogeneity corrections. The measured interface dose decreased by 55% for a 5 cm air gap, 5x5 cm² field size and 6 MV photons while only a 10% decrease was calculated by these methods. This points to the need for proper inclusion of electronic disequilibrium effects caused by the air cavities. In an attempt to account for electron transport, an inhomogeneity correction factor model is proposed based on separating the primary and scatter photon interaction effect with matter. The primary inhomogeneity correction factor was evaluated in phantoms containing air cavities following Klein-Nishina formalism and detailed electron transport. The Fermi-Eyges theory was adopted to transport recoil electrons based on multiple Coulomb scattering formalism. The scatter inhomogeneity correction factor is proposed as a semi-empirical model based on ratios of tissue-maximum-ratio with scaled effective beam radius. A total correction factor was derived by weighting the primary and scatter components and Monte Carlo simulation was used to verify these results. A calculation code was written and an optimization technique was devised reducing the computation time to a practical limit while maintaining accuracy. An additional topic on the subject of Monte Carlo treatment planning was discussed. The two Monte Carlo codes EGS4 and GEANT3 have been compared for calculations of photon and electron depth doses in water. Good agreement was seen for radiation beams relevant to radiation therapy. To conclude the comparison, a timing study was performed. GEANT3 was seen to be two times slower than EGS4 in one of its electron transport modes and up to three times faster when using its energy straggling mode of electron transport.
Jacobi Forms of Indefinite Lattice Index
Creators: name: Zemel, Shaul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F50, 11F27, 11F37

description: We define Jacobi forms of indefinite lattice index, and show that they are isomorphic to vector-valued modular forms also in this setting. We also consider several operations of the two types of objects, and obtain an interesting bilinear map between vector-valued modular forms arising from the product operation.
description: 27 pages, to appear in Research in Number Theory
REGIONAL DEMAND FOR NATURAL BEEF PRODUCTS IN COLORADO: TARGET CONSUMERS AND WILLINGNESS TO PAY
Creators: name: Thilmany, Dawn D.
name: Grannis, Jennifer L.
name: Sparling, Edward
name: Thilmany, Dawn D.
name: Grannis, Jennifer L.
name: Sparling, Edward
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: consumer targeting
subject: freezer beef
subject: natural beef

description: Interest and sales in natural meats continue to grow, with increased offerings in supermarkets and other mainstream marketing channels. Producers interested in direct marketing also consider natural meats an attractive niche market. This study focuses on the market for natural meat, including freezer beef, in Colorado with special attention to whether consumers in different areas of the state differ in their price and product choices. Findings show that about 20% of Front Range Colorado consumers purchase at least some of their meat from specialty shops or natural food stores, while 24% of rural, Western Slope consumers buy at least some meat directly from producers.
Drought erodes mountain plant community resistance to novel species under a warming climate
Creators: name: Schuchardt, Max A.
name: Berauer, Bernd J.
name: Giejsztowt, Justyna
name: Heßberg, Andreas V.
name: Niu, Yujie
name: Bahn, Michael
name: Jentsch, Anke
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Warming in mountain regions is projected to occur three times faster than the global average. Recently, a small number of observational studies have reported species loss in mountain plant communities and have explored mechanisms facilitating the colonization by novel species. We monitored translocated mountain plant communities and their novel competitor interactions following five years of exposure to downslope climates. We found increasing species turnover under two future climate scenarios with time. Local loss of native species was followed by the colonization by novel species after a severe drought year in the third year after translocation. Here, the assumed mechanism facilitating novel species colonization in mountain communities is direct environmental filtering. We find a time lag between the local loss of native species and the colonization by novel species, which can be explained by interacting climate stressors—that is, warming and drought—pushing communities across a threshold of resistance to colonization. Interestingly, despite significant changes in species identity and strong colonization by novel species, the proportional contribution of plant functional groups to aboveground biomass stayed stable across both sites of origin and over time. Our study provides experimental evidence of local species loss in mountain plant communities prone to severe climatic change, revealing abrupt threshold dynamics.
A Systematic Search for Gravitationally-Lensed Arcs in the Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 Archive
Creators: name: Sand, D. J.
name: Treu, T.
name: Ellis, R. S.
name: Smith, G. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a systematic search for gravitationally-lensed arcs in clusters of galaxies located in the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 data archive. By carefully examining the images of 128 clusters we have located 12 candidate radial arcs and 104 tangential arcs, each of whose length to width ratio exceeds 7. In addition, 24 other radial arc candidates were identified with a length to width ratio less than 7. Keck spectroscopy of 17 candidate radial arcs suggests that contamination of the radial arc sample from non-lensed objects is ~30-50%. With our catalog, we explore the practicality of using the number ratio of radial to tangential arcs as a statistical measure of the slope βof the dark matter distribution in cluster cores (where ρ_{DM}\propto r^{-β} at small radii). Despite the heterogeneous nature of the cluster sample, we demonstrate that this abundance ratio is fairly constant across various cluster subsamples partitioned according to X-ray luminosity and optical survey depth. We develop the necessary formalism to interpret this ratio in the context of two-component mass models for cluster cores. Although the arc statistics in our survey are consistent with a range of density profiles -- β
description: ApJ in press; 47 pages, 9 figures; only 8 of the finding charts are shown, due to astro-ph space limitations. The rest of the finding charts will be made available at http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~djs
title: University evaluation toolkit: Navigating evaluative practices across all levels with RUFDATAE
Creators: name: Cook, Elizabeth
name: Cabral Morales, Kena
Publisher: name: Edith Cowan University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5.3
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: University stakeholders have mixed feelings about evaluation, and mixed understandings, skills and knowledge about how to effectively evaluate. How much do you know about evaluation? Could you plan an evaluation if asked? This poster provides a toolkit of strategies for enhancing evaluation in universities, based on Cook’s (2021) “Evaluation of work-integrated learning: A realist synthesis and toolkit to enhance university evaluative practices”. RUFDATAE is a modified version of Saunders’ (2000) approach.

The poster: defines evaluation; clarifies the difference between evaluation and research; summarises the four domains of evaluation in higher education; and outlines RUFDATAE, an evaluation planning framework, for prompting the following questions: R: What are the Reasons and purposes for the evaluation? U: How will the university Use the evaluation? F: What are the evaluation Foci? D: What Data and evidence should be collected and analyzed? A: Who is the Audience? T: When should evaluation Take place? A: Whose Agency will be required? E: What are the Ethical considerations?

RUFDATAE can be used to prompt reflection and decision-making for evaluation planning at any level (i.e., systemic, programmatic, institutional and/or self). It has no rules or limitations and can be used as a checklist or a planning tool.
ESTIMATED IMPACT OF NON-PRICE COORDINATION OF FED CATTLE PURCHASES ON MEAT PACKER PROCESSING COSTS
Creators: name: Anderson, John D.
name: Trapp, James N.
name: Fleming, Ronald A.
name: Anderson, John D.
name: Trapp, James N.
name: Fleming, Ronald A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: cattle
subject: cost curve
subject: meat packing
subject: vertical coordination

description: Stochastic simulation of daily slaughter level was used in conjunction with an estimated packing plant cost curve to assess potential reductions in processing costs due to improved vertical coordination between feedlots and packing plants. Results indicate that processing cost reductions of $1 to $5 per head may be possible. Savings result from ensuring a more stable processing volume that is near the plant's cost-minimizing level of production.
Deformed conformal and super-Poincaré symmetries in the non-(anti)commutative spaces
Creators: name: Banerjee, Rabin
name: Lee, Choonkyu
name: Siwach, Sanjay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generators of the super-Poincaré algebra in the non-(anti)commutative superspace are represented using appropriate higher-derivative operators defined in this quantum superspace. Also discussed are the analogous representations of the conformal and superconformal symmetry generators in the deformed spaces. This construction is obtained by generalizing the recent work of Wess et al on the Poincaré generators in the $θ$-deformed Minkowski space, or by using the substitution rules we derived on the basis of the phase-space structures of non-(anti)commutative-space variables. Even with the nonzero deformation parameters the algebras remain unchanged although the comultiplication rules are deformed. The transformation of the fields under deformed symmetry is also discussed. Our construction can be used for systematic developments of field theories in the deformed spaces.
description: 1+19 pages, a typos in the title corrected, to appear in EPJC
Cauchy completeness for DG-categories
Creators: name: Nikolić, Branko
name: Street, Ross
name: Tendas, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D20, 18G35, 18E30, 55P42

description: We go back to the roots of enriched category theory and study categories enriched in chain complexes; that is, we deal with differential graded categories (DG-categories for short). In particular, we recall weighted colimits and provide examples. We solve the 50 year old question of how to characterize Cauchy complete DG-categories in terms of existence of some specific finite absolute colimits. As well as the interactions between absolute weighted colimits, we also examine the total complex of a chain complex in a DG-category as a non-absolute weighted colimit.
description: 27 pages. Remark 7.3 is new. It gives an example to show that cokernels of protosplit chain maps cannot be constructed from the other assumed colimits appearing in Theorem 7.2. Thanks to the referee for pointing out other needed changes
Repeat-Until-Success quantum computing using stationary and flying qubits
Creators: name: Lim, Yuan Liang
name: Barrett, Sean D.
name: Beige, Almut
name: Kok, Pieter
name: Kwek, Leong Chuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce an architecture for robust and scalable quantum computation using both stationary qubits (e.g. single photon sources made out of trapped atoms, molecules, ions, quantum dots, or defect centers in solids) and flying qubits (e.g. photons). Our scheme solves some of the most pressing problems in existing non-hybrid proposals, which include the difficulty of scaling conventional stationary qubit approaches, and the lack of practical means for storing single photons in linear optics setups. We combine elements of two previous proposals for distributed quantum computing, namely the efficient photon-loss tolerant build up of cluster states by Barrett and Kok [Phys. Rev. A 71, 060310(R) (2005)] with the idea of Repeat-Until-Success (RUS) quantum computing by Lim et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 030505 (2005)]. This idea can be used to perform eventually deterministic two-qubit logic gates on spatially separated stationary qubits via photon pair measurements. Under non-ideal conditions, where photon loss is a possibility, the resulting gates can still be used to build graph states for one-way quantum computing. In this paper, we describe the RUS method, present possible experimental realizations, and analyse the generation of graph states.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, minor changes, references and a discussion on the effect of photon dark counts added
IMPLAN UNDERSTATES AGRICULTURAL INPUT-OUTPUT MULTIPLIERS: AN APPLICATION TO POTENTIAL AGRICULTURAL/GREEN INDUSTRY DROUGHT IMPACTS IN COLORADO
Creators: name: McKean, John R.
name: Spencer, William P.
name: McKean, John R.
name: Spencer, William P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: drought
subject: economic impact
subject: green industry
subject: IMPLAN
subject: input-output
subject: irrigated agriculture

description: Synthesized input-output models are widely used by industry and government economists. The IMPLAN program is popular because it provides user access to the base data so that modifications can be made. The Washington survey-based model and IMPLAN for Washington State are compared, and differences in multipliers are traced to differences in final payments leakages. An adjustment technique for IMPLAN is demonstrated. An application is made to a Colorado potential drought impact analysis. More than 51,000 part- and full-time jobs and $1.6 billion of household income are at stake in the Colorado farm and "green industry" sectors.
Stellungnahme zu dem Vortrag "Einheit der Kirche - Einheit der Menschheit"
Creators: name: Míguez Bonino, José
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 21 Nr. 2 (1972): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 21, Heft 2
Bayesian Triplet Loss: Uncertainty Quantification in Image Retrieval
Creators: name: Warburg, Frederik
name: Jørgensen, Martin
name: Civera, Javier
name: Hauberg, Søren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Uncertainty quantification in image retrieval is crucial for downstream decisions, yet it remains a challenging and largely unexplored problem. Current methods for estimating uncertainties are poorly calibrated, computationally expensive, or based on heuristics. We present a new method that views image embeddings as stochastic features rather than deterministic features. Our two main contributions are (1) a likelihood that matches the triplet constraint and that evaluates the probability of an anchor being closer to a positive than a negative; and (2) a prior over the feature space that justifies the conventional l2 normalization. To ensure computational efficiency, we derive a variational approximation of the posterior, called the Bayesian triplet loss, that produces state-of-the-art uncertainty estimates and matches the predictive performance of current state-of-the-art methods.
Film dosimetry and three-dimensional verification of conformal dose distributions in stereotactic radiosurgery
Creators: name: Robar, James L.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The measurement of stereotactic radiosurgical dose distributions requires an integrating, high-resolution dosimeter capable of providing a spatial map of absorbed dose. Although radiographic film is an accessible detector fulfilling these criteria, its application to the dosimetry of larger photon fields in radiotherapy has been limited by dependencies of emulsion sensitivity on depth in phantom, field size and orientation relative to the beam axis. The first part of this thesis examines the applicability of radiographic film specifically for the dosimetry of 6 MV radiosurgical beams. We show that while, for large (e.g. 20 cm x 20 cm) photon beams, the error in measured dose due to a depth-dependence of emulsion reaches 15%, the corresponding maximum error for a 2.5 cm diameter radiosurgical beam is reduced to 1.5%. For radiosurgical beams this error is comparable to the measured achievable reproducibility of film dosimetry (1.1%) and the potential error incurred due to orientation dependence (1.5%). We also demonstrate that the dependence of film sensitivity on field size is negligible for beams ranging from 1.0 cm to 4.0 cm in diameter at isocentre. The marked difference between radiosurgical and larger 6 MV photon beams in the context of film dosimetry is explained using EGS4 Monte Carlo simulation. For larger fields, significant increases in the Compton-scattered photon population, particularly below 400 keV, result in dependencies on depth and field size. In contrast, the relative increase of this low-energy component is negligible for radiosurgical photon fields. Finally, the problem of volume averaging in radiosurgical film dosimetry is addressed by evaluating a new, highresolution CCD-based transparency digitizer in terms of spatial linearity, dynamic range, signal-to-noise ratio and uniformity. The second part of this thesis presents the design considerations and clinical evaluation of a novel phantom system facilitating the measurement of conformal radiosurgical dose distributions using one or multiple arrays of up to 20 radiographic films separated by 3.2 mm-thick tissue-equivalent spacers. Using EGS4 Monte Carlo simulation and experimental measurement, we show that this geometry preserves tissue-equivalence to within 1%. The phantom provides 0.25 mm in-plane spatial resolution, and bicubic-interpolated isodose surfaces may be interpolated with an estimated spatial accuracy of 1.0 mm throughout the dose volume. Dedicated software has been developed to automate the process film digitization, ordering and orienting of film images, conversion of scanned pixel value to dose, interpolation within the measured volume and export of images in DICOM format for co-registration of planned and measured three-dimensional dose distributions. Benchmark tests and example conformal dose verification studies demonstrate that this technique provides a practical method of quantifying even minor errors in radiosurgical treatment delivery.
Superradiant phase transition in complex networks
Creators: name: Bazhenov, Andrei Yu.
name: Tsarev, Dmitriy V.
name: Alodjants, Alexander P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we consider a superradiant phase transition problem for the Dicke-Ising model, which generalizes the Dicke and Ising models for annealed complex networks presuming spin-spin interaction. The model accounts the interaction between a spin (two-level) system and external classical (magnetic) and quantized (transverse) fields. We examine regular, random, and scale-free network structures characterized by the delta-function, random (Poisson), and power-law exponent degree distributions, respectively. To describe paramagnetic (PM) - ferromagnetic (FM) and superradiant (SR) phase transitions we introduce two order parameters: the total weighted spin z-component and the normalized transverse field amplitude, which correspond to the spontaneous magnetization in z and x directions, respectively. Due to the interplay between the spin interaction and the finite size effects in the networks we first elucidate novel features of the SR state in the presence of the PM-FM phase transition. We reveal that the critical temperature of the SR phase transition grows monotonically from some certain value that corresponds to the critical number of nodes. For the scale-free networks we find that this critical temperature rises with the degree exponent increase accompanied both by establishing spontaneous magnetization in a quantum transverse field and vanishing of the collective spin component in z direction. In addition, we establish the conditions for the network parameters to obtain a quantum phase transition in the spin system when the critical temperature approaches zero. The fundamental features, which involve critical values of the classical and quantum field parameters, are discussed for the occurrence of the superradiance phase in this limit.
Valuing Catastrophic Citrus Losses
Creators: name: Adams, Damian C.
name: Kilmer, Richard L.
name: Moss, Charles B.
name: Schmitz, Andrew
name: Adams, Damian C.
name: Kilmer, Richard L.
name: Moss, Charles B.
name: Schmitz, Andrew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: citrus
subject: perennial crops
subject: catastrophic loss
subject: damages
subject: freeze

description: Courts are often required to estimate changes in welfare to agricultural operations from catastrophic events. For example, courts must assign damages in lawsuits, such as with pesticide drift cases, or determine "just compensation" when the government takes private land for public use, as with the removal of dairy farms from environmentally sensitive land or destruction of canker-contaminated citrus trees. In economics, the traditional method of quantifying producer losses is estimating changes in producer welfare, but courts rarely use this method. Instead, they turn to substitute valuation methods that may not fully capture welfare changes, such as changes in land value, tree replacement value, and total revenue. This study examines various measures for valuing the back-to-back catastrophic freezes that occurred in the Florida citrus industry in the 1980s. We first use the traditional method to determine the welfare change due to a freeze (1) for a citrus grove that loses one crop and is able to return to full production the next year, and (2) the lower measure of welfare loss due to a citrus grove that loses all of its trees and is abandoned or is replanted. The lower measure is used to simulate the legal doctrine of avoidable consequences. These measures are then compared to substitute valuation measures that have been used by courts to determine welfare changes. For case 1, total revenue overestimates losses by 35.6%. For case 2, total revenue overestimates losses by 55.3%, tree replacement value underestimates losses by 93.6%, and changes in land value underestimates losses by 13.2%.
Effects of nitrogen on benthic diatom assemblages in high-elevation central and eastern alpine lakes
Creators: name: Lepori, Fabio
name: Tolotti, Monica
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Virology

description: We explored patterns of benthic diatom composition across sixty-two high-elevation alpine lakes spanning a wide range of nitrogen (N) concentrations due to atmospheric deposition and background variation in lake and watershed characteristics. Our goals were to (1) assess the effect of lake water N concentration on benthic diatom composition during late summer or fall conditions and (2) identify policy-relevant response thresholds. The analyses were carried out on a large set of diatom and water chemistry data, integrated with new data. Multivariate and correlation analyses revealed associations between pH, N concentration, and benthic diatom composition, but the effects of pH and N were confounded. However, partial correlation analysis allowed us to identify “N-responsive diatoms”; that is, diatom taxa with nonspurious associations with N. Focusing on these taxa, we detected a decline in the abundance of taxa preferring low N concentrations and an increase in the abundance of taxa preferring high N concentrations starting at NO3 concentrations of approximately 5 µmol L−1. We interpreted this shift as an effect of watershed N saturation due to atmospheric deposition. Based on the results, we suggest a late-summer or fall concentration threshold of 5 µmol NO3 L−1 to prevent change in benthic diatoms in high-elevation alpine lakes.
[Brev til Johan Ernst Gunnerus]
Creators: name: Schmettow, Herman Waldemar
name: Gunnerus, Johan Ernst
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1767

description: Vedr. Memorial fra Det Norske Videnskabers Selskab som Schmettow har sendt til Det Danske Cancelli
description: Ikke tr. i Dahl. Polydoc nr. 1: 423. Polydoc nr. 2: 71.
European Union Farm Policy for Citrus, Tomatoes, and Dairy
Creators: name: Adams, Damian C.
name: Kilmer, Richard L.
name: Adams, Damian C.
name: Kilmer, Richard L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: European Union (EU) consumers pay almost twice the competitive world price for many agricultural products. Agricultural subsidies accounted for almost half of the EU's total budget (US$ 40 billion on agriculture in 2000) although agriculture represented 1.7 percent of the EU's GDP and employs 4.3% of the EU's population. Domestic policies for citrus and tomatoes include export refunds, product withdraws from the market, intervention thresholds, and direct producer aid. Domestic policies for dairy include export refunds, intervention thresholds, aid for private storage, disposal aid, and milk quotas. The EU's intentions are to enhance agricultural competitiveness by setting product intervention as "a real safety net measure, allowing EU producers to respond to market signals while protecting them from extreme price fluctuations," and promoting market oriented, sustainable agriculture by finishing the transition from product support to producer support, by introducing a "decoupled system of payments per farm" which are not connected to production. The EU wishes to allow flexibility in production, but also guarantee income stability to producers. Within the last 10 years, the EU has reduced price supports and increased direct payments to tomato, dairy, and citrus farmers to compensate them for the reductions.
Quantum Gravity: General Introduction and Recent Developments
Creators: name: Kiefer, Claus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I briefly review the current status of quantum gravity. After giving some general motivations for the need of such a theory, I discuss the main approaches in quantizing general relativity: Covariant approaches (perturbation theory, effective theory, and path integrals) and canonical approaches (quantum geometrodynamics, loop quantum gravity). I then address quantum gravitational aspects of string theory. This is followed by a discussion of black holes and quantum cosmology. I end with some remarks on the observational status of quantum gravity.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures, invited contribution for "Annalen der Physik", v2: minor corrections, additional references
Dynamics of a vortex lattice in an expanding polariton quantum fluid
Creators: name: Panico, Riccardo
name: Macorini, Guido
name: Dominici, Lorenzo
name: Gianfrate, Antonio
name: Fieramosca, Antonio
name: De Giorgi, Milena
name: Gigli, Giuseppe
name: Sanvitto, Daniele
name: Lanotte, Alessandra S.
name: Ballarini, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If a quantum fluid is driven with enough angular momentum, at equilibrium the ground state of the system is given by a lattice of quantised vortices whose density is prescribed by the quantization of circulation. We report on the first experimental study of the Feynman-Onsager relation in a non-equilibrium polariton fluid, free to expand and rotate. Upon initially imprinting a lattice of vortices in the quantum fluid, we track the vortex core positions on picosecond time scales. We observe an accelerated stretching of the lattice and an outward bending of the linear trajectories of the vortices, due to the repulsive polariton interactions. Access to the full density and phase fields allows us to detect a small deviation from the Feynman-Onsager rule in terms of a transverse velocity component, due to the density gradient of the fluid envelope acting on the vortex lattice.
description: Main 6 pages, 4 figures, SM 4 pages, 5 figures
Vector meson masses in 2+1 flavor Wilson Chiral Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Aoki, S.
name: Baer, O.
name: Takeda, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the vector meson masses in $N_{\rm f} = 2+1$ Wilson chiral perturbation theory at next-to-leading order. Generalizing the framework of heavy vector meson chiral perturbation theory, the quark mass and the lattice cutoff dependence of the vector meson masses is derived. Our chiral order counting assumes that the lattice cut-off artifacts are of the order of the typical pion momenta, $p \sim aΛ_{\rm QCD}^{2}$. This counting scheme is consistent with the one in the pseudo scalar meson sector where the O($a^2$) terms are included in the leading order chiral Lagrangian.
description: 26 pages
[Brev til Johan Ernst Gunnerus]
Creators: name: Tonning, Henrik
name: Gunnerus, Johan Ernst
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1767

description: Tonning skriver om sine medisinske studier og om div. planter
description: Dahl nr.: 683. Polydoc nr. 1: 426. Polydoc nr. 2: 74.
Universality in few-body systems with large scattering length
Creators: name: Hammer, H. -W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effective Field Theory (EFT) provides a powerful framework that exploits a separation of scales in physical systems to perform systematically improvable, model-independent calculations. Particularly interesting are few-body systems with short-range interactions and large two-body scattering length. Such systems display remarkable universal features. In systems with more than two particles, a three-body force with limit cycle behavior is required for consistent renormalization already at leading order. We will review this EFT and some of its applications in the physics of cold atoms and nuclear physics. In particular, we will discuss the possibility of an infrared limit cycle in QCD. Recent extensions of the EFT approach to the four-body system and N-boson droplets in two spatial dimensions will also be addressed.
description: 11 pages, 10 ps figures, invited talk at the workshop on "Nuclei and Mesoscopic Physics", Michigan State University, October 2004
Coaching legacies: influence propagation through temporal social networks in the Australian Football League
Creators: name: Marmulla, G
name: Dickson, Geoff
name: Wäsche, H
name: Brandes, U
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 350405
subject: Sport and leisure management
classificationCode: 4207
subject: Sports science and exercise

description: We study the lineage network of coaches in the Australian Football League (AFL) using a novel process of influence propagation through temporal social networks. Coaching and being coached are considered major opportunities for learning, and the vast majority of AFL coaches are former AFL players. We, therefore, establish influence via two antagonistic components: as players, future coaches are influenced by their coaches, and later liberate themselves from these influences while being coaches themselves. Influence thus propagates through time-dependent player–coach relationships, and we obtain a ranking of coaches by their aggregated influence on others. In addition to being based on an explicit process, we argue that the ranking has face validity, because it indeed favors highly reputed coaches, and is not determined by temporal or activity indicators such as the starting year of a coaching career, its length, or the number of future coaches coached.
The legacy of ecological imperialism in the Scandes: Earthworms and their implications for Arctic research
Creators: name: Jerand, Philip
name: Klaminder, Jonatan
name: Linderholm, Johan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In the nineteenth century, numerous settlements were established in the alpine region of Fennoscandia (the Scandes), an area that later became a major international scene for Arctic research. Here we raise awareness of this era and show that earthworm-driven bioturbation in “pristine” soils around contemporary Arctic research infrastructure is caused by soil fauna left behind during early land use. We use soil preserved under an alpine settlement to highlight that soils were not bioturbated when the first house was built at a site where bioturbation is now widespread. A review of archived material with unique site-specific chronology constrained the onset of bioturbation to the post-1871 era. Our results suggest that small-scale land use introduced earthworms that now thrive far beyond the realms of former cultivated fields. The legacy of soil fauna from this example of “ecological imperialism” still lingers and should be considered when studying soils of the Scandes.
The effects of moderately fast shellular rotation on adiabatic oscillations
Creators: name: Suarez, J. C.
name: Goupil, M. J.
name: Morel, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate adiabatic oscillations for delta Scuti star models, taking into account a moderate rotation velocity ~100 \km/s. The resulting oscillation frequencies include corrections for rotation up to second order in the rotation rate including those of near degeneracy. Effects of either a uniform rotation or a rotation profile assuming local angular momentum conservation of the form Omega=Omega(r) on oscillation frequencies are compared. As expected, important differences (around 3 microHz) are obtained in the $g$ and mixed mode regions. For higher frequency p modes, differences range between 1 microHz and 3 microHz. Such differences are likely to be detectable with future space missions such as COROT, where precisions in frequency around 0.5 microHz will be reachable.
description: A&A, in press (18 pag, 14 fig)
Approximate Bacon-Shor Code and Holography
Creators: name: Cao, ChunJun
name: Lackey, Brad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explicitly construct a class of holographic quantum error correction codes with non-trivial centers in the code subalgebra. Specifically, we use the Bacon-Shor codes and perfect tensors to construct a gauge code (or a stabilizer code with gauge-fixing), which we call the holographic hybrid code. This code admits a local log-depth encoding/decoding circuit, and can be represented as a holographic tensor network which satisfies an analog of the Ryu-Takayanagi formula and reproduces features of the sub-region duality. We then construct approximate versions of the holographic hybrid codes by "skewing" the code subspace, where the size of skewing is analogous to the size of the gravitational constant in holography. These approximate hybrid codes are not necessarily stabilizer codes, but they can be expressed as the superposition of holographic tensor networks that are stabilizer codes. For such constructions, different logical states, representing different bulk matter content, can "back-react" on the emergent geometry, resembling a key feature of gravity. The locality of the bulk degrees of freedom becomes subspace-dependent and approximate. Such subspace-dependence is manifest from the point of view of the "entanglement wedge" and bulk operator reconstruction from the boundary. Exact complementary error correction breaks down for certain bipartition of the boundary degrees of freedom; however, a limited, state-dependent form is preserved for particular subspaces. We also construct an example where the connected two-point correlation functions can have a power-law decay. Coupled with known constraints from holography, a weakly back-reacting bulk also forces these skewed tensor network models to the "large $N$ limit" where they are built by concatenating a large $N$ number of copies.
description: Updated to match the published version
Long range one-cookie random walk with positive speed
Creators: name: Collevecchio, Andrea
name: Hamza, Kais
name: Nguyen, Tuan-Minh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35, 60K37, 60F15

description: We study one-dimensional excited random walks with non-nearest neighbor jumps. When the process is at a vertex that has not been visited before, its next transition has a positive drift to the right, possibly with long jumps. Whenever the process visits a vertex that has already been visited in the past, its next transition is the one of a simple symmetric random walk. We give a sufficient condition for the process to have positive speed.
description: latest version, 18 pages, 2 figures
Probing the formation of intermediate- to high-mass stars in protoclusters: A detailed millimeter study of the NGC 2264 clumps
Creators: name: Peretto, N.
name: Andre, Ph.
name: Belloche, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of dust continuum and molecular line observations of two massive cluster-forming clumps, NGC 2264-C and NGC 2264-D, including extensive mapping performed with the MAMBO bolometer array and the HERA heterodyne array on the IRAM 30m telescope. Both NGC 2264 clumps are located in the Mon OB1 giant molecular cloud complex, adjacent to one another. Twelve and fifteen compact millimeter continuum sources (i.e. MMSs) are identified in clumps C and D, respectively. Evidence for widespread infall motions is found in, e.g., HCO+(3-2) or CS(3-2) in both NGC 2264-C and NGC 2264-D. A sharp velocity discontinuity ~ 2 km/s in amplitude is observed in N_2H+(1-0) and H^{13}CO+(1-0) in the central, innermost part of NGC 2264-C, which we interpret as the signature of a strong dynamical interaction between two MMSs and their possible merging with the central MMS C-MM3. Radiative transfer modelling supports the idea that NGC 2264-C is a highly unstable prolate clump in the process of collapsing along its long axis on a near free-fall dynamical timescale ~ 1.7x10^5 yr. Our model fit of this large-scale collapse suggests a maximum mass inflow rate ~ 3x10^{-3} Msun/yr toward the central protostellar object C-MM3. Such infall rates are sufficiently high to overcome radiation pressure and allow the formation of ~ 20 Msun stars by accretion in ~ 1.7x10^5 yr, i.e., a time similar to the global dynamical timescale of the central part of NGC 2264-C. We conclude that we are likely witnessing the formation of a high-mass (> 10 Msun) protostar in the central part of NGC 2264-C. Our results suggest a picture of massive star formation intermediate between the scenario of stellar mergers of Bonnell et al. (1998) and the massive turbulent core model of McKee & Tan (2003).
description: 22 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in A&A. Most of the Figures have been de-resolved in order to reduce file sizes