cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Designing inverse dynamic controller with integral action for motion planning of surgical robot in the presence of bounded disturbances
Creators: name: Ghavifekr, AA.
name: Badamchizadeh, MA
name: Alizadeh, G
name: Arjmandi, A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Robotic laparoscopic grasper is a surgical tool with minimal invasion. In this robot, achieve goals like precise tracking, stability and disturbance rejection are very important. In this paper, first the stages of modeling and simulating of laparoscopic robot will be discussed and the reasons for selecting the appropriate materials for different parts of proposed practical robot will be explained. Inverse dynamic controller with integral action is applied to improve the accuracy of tracking procedure for a surgical manipulator to track a specified reference signal in the presence of tremor that is modeled as constant bounded disturbance. Based on the disturbance rejection scheme, tracking controller is constructed which is asymptotically stabilizing in the sense of Lyapunov. It is shown that how under proper assumptions; the selected schemes succeed in achieving disturbance rejection at the input of a nonlinear system. Computer simulation results demonstrate that accurate trajectory tracking can be achieved by using the proposed controller.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2008.06676
Quantum-gravitational trans-Planckian radiation by a rotating black hole
Creators: name: Nurmagambetov, A. J.
name: Park, I. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We recently studied the energy behavior of a quantum-corrected time-dependent black hole. The system analyzed was a quantum-corrected Kerr solution that settles down to a stationary configuration as the time dependence fades out. A trans-Planckian energy scaling in the vicinity of the event horizon resulted, and we proposed the trans-Planckian radiation to be the missing link in the glowing mechanism of active galactic nuclei. The main goal of the present work is to examine the scaling and structure of the radiation by analyzing the quantum momentum density. We again observe a trans-Planckian behavior. Furthermore, the momentum density displays structures that are indicative of a disk-like configuration near the equator and a collimated outflow of matter from the poles. The bipolar outflow (disk-like structure) should be an essential part of the underlying mechanism for jets (accretion disks) of active galactic nuclei.
description: 41 pages, minor corrections, version to appear in Fortsch.Phys
OZIQ-OVQAT MUAMMOLARINI HAL ETISH MASALALARIDA LANDSHAFT OMILINING O'RNI VA AHAMIYATINI O'RGANISH
Creators: name: Umarov, Javohir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu tezisda oziq-ovqat muammolarini hal etishda landshaft omilining o‘rni va ahamiyati tahlil qilinadi. Xususan, landshaftning iqlim, tuproq unumdorligi va suv resurslariga ta’siri hamda bu omillarni oziq-ovqat ishlab chiqarishda muvaffaqiyatli qo‘llash yo‘llari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Tadqiqotda qishloq xo‘jaligi faoliyatida landshaft tahlilining ahamiyati va ekologik barqarorlikni ta’minlashdagi roli asosiy masalalardan biri sifatida ko‘rsatilgan. Shuningdek, landshaftni to‘g‘ri boshqarish orqali qishloq xo‘jaligi resurslarining samaradorligini oshirish va oziq-ovqat xavfsizligini mustahkamlash yo‘llari o‘rganiladi.
Comparison of Approaches to Measuring the Causes of Income Inequality
Creators: name: Satimanon, Monthien
name: Satimanon, Monthien
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: Most of the inequality literature in the United States and developing countries has focused on education and fringe benefit provided by government as determinants of income inequality. The partial effect (sign, magnitude, and significance) of education on the measure of income inequality depends not only on the return to education but also position of unit of observation on the upper and lower tail of income distribution. In the recent development literature, it has been pointed out that there exists the endogeneity issue regarding the causality of income inequality and education attainment. Hence, the estimating results of partial effect might be inconsistent. Taking advantages of the newly developed quantile regression with control function, this study compares the result from conventional estimation to the results of this new estimation method.
Crystal structures and magnetic order of La{0.5+delta}A{0.5-delta}Mn{0.5+epsilon}Ru{0.5-epsilon}O{3} (A= Ca, Sr, Ba): Possible orbital glass ferromagnetic state
Creators: name: Granado, Eduardo
name: Huang, Qingzhen
name: Lynn, Jeff W.
name: Gopalakrishnan, J.
name: Ramesha, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The crystallographic and magnetic properties of La{0.5+delta}A{0.5-delta}Mn{0.5+epsilon}Ru{0.5-epsilon}O{3} (A= Ca, Sr, Ba) were investigated by means of neutron powder diffraction. All studied samples show the orthorhombic perovskite crystal structure, space group Pnma, with regular (Mn,Ru)O{6} octahedra and no chemical ordering of the Mn3+ and Ru4+ ions. Ferromagnetic spin structures were observed below Tc ~ 200-250 K, with an average ordered moment of ~ 1.8-2.0 Bohr magnetons per (Mn,Ru). The observation of long-range ferromagnetism and the absence of orbital ordering are rationalized in terms a strong Mn-Ru hybridization, which may freeze the orbital degree of freedom and broaden the eg valence band, leading to an orbital-glass state with carrier-mediated ferromagnetism.
Additional file 5 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae nutrient signaling pathways show an unexpected early activation pattern during winemaking
Creators: name: Vallejo, Beatriz
name: Matallana, Emilia
name: Aranda, Agustín
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. Antibodies used in this work.
Additional file 1 of Human Toxoplasma gondii infection in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis of data published between 1960 and 2019
Creators: name: Karshima, Solomon Ngutor
name: Karshima, Magdalene Nguvan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist.
TypeNet: Scaling up Keystroke Biometrics
Creators: name: Acien, Alejandro
name: Monaco, John V.
name: Morales, Aythami
name: Vera-Rodriguez, Ruben
name: Fierrez, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the suitability of keystroke dynamics to authenticate 100K users typing free-text. For this, we first analyze to what extent our method based on a Siamese Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) is able to authenticate users when the amount of data per user is scarce, a common scenario in free-text keystroke authentication. With 1K users for testing the network, a population size comparable to previous works, TypeNet obtains an equal error rate of 4.8% using only 5 enrollment sequences and 1 test sequence per user with 50 keystrokes per sequence. Using the same amount of data per user, as the number of test users is scaled up to 100K, the performance in comparison to 1K decays relatively by less than 5%, demonstrating the potential of TypeNet to scale well at large scale number of users. Our experiments are conducted with the Aalto University keystroke database. To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest free-text keystroke database captured with more than 136M keystrokes from 168K users.
Bailout with white revolution or sink deeper?: groundwater depletion and impacts in the Moga District of Punjab, India.
Creators: name: Amarasinghe, Upali A.
name: Smakhtin, Vladimir U.
name: Sharma, Bharat R.
name: Eriyagama, Nishadi
name: Amarasinghe, Upali A.
name: Smakhtin, Vladimir U.
name: Sharma, Bharat R.
name: Eriyagama, Nishadi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Production Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Groundwater depletion
subject: Groundwater irrigation
subject: Water use
subject: Rice
subject: Wheat
subject: Milk production

description: Moga District in Punjab, India, is a microcosm of the twin story of irrigation-induced growth and stress. The groundwater consumptive water use in agriculture exceeds the recharge by a substantial margin. Rice production contributes to a major part of this difference. The groundwater depletion is so critical that diversifying agriculture is the only way forward for sustainable agricultural growth. Reducing the rice area and intensifying milk production will be a win-win situation for both the farmers and the area reeling with a groundwater crisis.
Artificial semantics in text retrieval
Creators: name: Arazy, Ofer
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The increase in the amounts of available information, coupled with the rising importance of information for planning and decision making purposes, stress the need for effective information retrieval (IR) techniques. Specifically, we are interested in the retrieval of textual information from general - i.e. large and heterogeneous - collections. One of the most critical problems impeding the performance of retrieval systems is the gap between the way in which people think about information (though semantic representations) and the natural language form of textual documents. Bridging this gap requires that documents be translated to semantic representations. For general document collections, the extraction of semantic representation has to be automated, as manual effort and the use of domain-specific resources are inappropriate. We have identified four types of artificial (i.e. automatically extracted) semantic units that are the building blocks of IR representation: 'Tokens', 'Composite Concepts', 'Synonym Concepts', and 'Topics'. These artificial semantic units have been employed in a variety of retrieval system; however, the isolated effect of semantic units on retrieval performance has not been studies previously. This dissertation investigates the effect of semantic units on retrieval performance. Our findings suggest that (a) there are significant differences in performance between semantic units, and (b) our proposed combinations of semantic units into a coherent retrieval model result is performance gains. In addition to the academic contribution in this dissertation, our findings are of importance to practitioners interested in the design of retrieval systems.
Low-cost options for reducing consumer health risks from farm to fork where crops are irrigated with polluted water in West Africa.
Creators: name: Amoah, Philip
name: Keraita, Bernard
name: Akple, Maxwell
name: Drechsel, Pay
name: Abaidoo, Robert Clement
name: Konradsen, Flemming
name: Amoah, Philip
name: Keraita, Bernard
name: Akple, Maxwell
name: Drechsel, Pay
name: Abaidoo, Robert Clement
name: Konradsen, Flemming
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Production Economics
subject: Urban agriculture
subject: Consumers
subject: Public health
subject: Health hazards
subject: Risk management
subject: Vegetable growing
subject: Wastewater irrigation
subject: Irrigation methods
subject: Irrigation practices
subject: Wastewater treatment
subject: Filtration

description: To identify interventions which reduce health risks of consumers where highly polluted irrigation water is used to irrigate vegetables in West Africa, scientists worked over 5 years with farmers, market traders and street food vendors in Ghana. The most promising low-cost interventions with high adoption potential were analyzed for their ability to reduce common levels of pathogens (counts of fecal coliforms and helminth eggs). The analysis showed the combination potential of various interventions, especially on-farm and during vegetable washing in line with the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. The tested market-based interventions were important to prevent new or additional contamination.
Base sizes for primitive groups with soluble stabilisers
Creators: name: Burness, Timothy C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $G$ be a finite primitive permutation group on a set $Ω$ with point stabiliser $H$. Recall that a subset of $Ω$ is a base for $G$ if its pointwise stabiliser is trivial. We define the base size of $G$, denoted $b(G,H)$, to be the minimal size of a base for $G$. Determining the base size of a group is a fundamental problem in permutation group theory, with a long history stretching back to the 19th century. Here one of our main motivations is a theorem of Seress from 1996, which states that $b(G,H) \leqslant 4$ if $G$ is soluble. In this paper we extend Seress' result by proving that $b(G,H) \leqslant 5$ for all finite primitive groups $G$ with a soluble point stabiliser $H$. This bound is best possible. We also determine the exact base size for all almost simple groups and we study random bases in this setting. For example, we prove that the probability that $4$ random elements in $Ω$ form a base tends to $1$ as $|G|$ tends to infinity.
description: 43 pages; to appear in Algebra and Number Theory
Empirical modeling of the stellar spectrum of galaxies
Creators: name: Li, Cheng
name: Wang, Ting-Gui
name: Zhou, Hong-Yan
name: Dong, Xiao-Bo
name: Cheng, Fu-Zhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An empirical method of modeling the stellar spectrum of galaxies is proposed, based on two successive applications of Principal Component Analysis (PCA). PCA is first applied to the newly available stellar library STELIB, supplemented by the J, H and K$_{s}$ magnitudes taken mainly from the 2 Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS). Next the resultant eigen-spectra are used to fit the observed spectra of a sample of 1016 galaxies selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release One (SDSS DR1). PCA is again applied, to the fitted spectra to construct the eigen-spectra of galaxies with zero velocity dispersion. The first 9 galactic eigen-spectra so obtained are then used to model the stellar spectrum of the galaxies in SDSS DR1, and synchronously to estimate the stellar velocity dispersion, the spectral type, the near-infrared SED, and the average reddening. Extensive tests show that the spectra of different type galaxies can be modeled quite accurately using these eigen-spectra. The method can yield stellar velocity dispersion with accuracies better than 10%, for the spectra of typical S/N ratios in SDSS DR1.
description: 34 pages with 18 figures, submitted to AJ
Radiation transport in diffractive media
Creators: name: Marklund, Mattias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider radiation transport theory applied to non-dispersive but refractive media. This setting is used to discuss Minkowski's and Abraham's electromagnetic momentum, and to derive conservation equations independent of the choice of momentum definition. Using general relativistic kinetic theory, we derive and discuss a radiation gas energy-momentum conservation equation valid in arbitrary curved spacetime with diffractive media.
description: 10 pages, typos and equation numbers corrected, version to appear in J. Phys. A: Math. Gen
Effect of kinematics on final state interactions in (e,e'p) reactions
Creators: name: Barbieri, C.
name: Rohe, D.
name: Sick, I.
name: Lapikas, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent data from experiment E97-006 at TJNAF using the 12C(e,e'p) reaction at very large missing energies and momenta are compared to a calculation of two-step rescattering. A comparison between parallel and perpendicular kinematics suggests that the effects of final state interactions can be strongly reduced in the former case.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, submitted to LPB
Magnetic fields in stellar radiative interiors
Creators: name: Bugnet, Lisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Asteroseismology
subject: magnetic-fields
subject: stellar-evolution

description: Understanding dynamical processes taking place below the surface of stars is key for a better estimate of stellar ages. The recent measurement of low-and intermediate-mass stars’ slow core rotation during the evolved stages of their evolution shows the need for strong angular momentum transport processes from the core to the envelope. Internal magnetic fields, mostly ignored in stellar evolution models, are one of the most promising candidates to explain this observed strong angular momentum transport. I will review the magnetoasteroseismology revolution that has taken place in the past few years, leading to the promising detection and characterization of magnetic fields inside the radiative interior of evolved stars. I will conclude on the impact of internal magnetic fields for angular momentum transport cosntraining stellar evolution and ages in the Universe.
Effect of an InP/In$_{0.53}$Ga$_{0.47}$As Interface on Spin-orbit Interaction in In$_{0.52}$Al$_{0.48}$As/In$_{0.53}$Ga$_{0.47}$As Heterostructures
Creators: name: Lin, Y.
name: Koga, T.
name: Nitta, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the effect of the insertion of an InP/In$_{0.53}$Ga$_{47}$As Interface on Rashba spin-orbit interaction in In$_{0.52}$Al$_{0.48}$As/In$_{0.53}$Ga$_{0.47}$As quantum wells. A small spin split-off energy in InP produces a very intriguing band lineup in the valence bands in this system. With or without this InP layer above the In$_{0.53}$Ga$_{47}$As well, the overall values of the spin-orbit coupling constant $α$ turned out to be enhanced or diminished for samples with the front- or back-doping position, respectively. These experimental results, using weak antilocalization analysis, are compared with the results of the $\mathbf{k\cdot p}$ theory. The actual conditions of the interfaces and materials should account for the quantitative difference in magnitude between the measurements and calculations.
description: Submitted for publication; v2 to adjust Eq.6; v3 to correct the figure file name; v4, a revised version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Superstring sigma models from spin chains: the SU(1,1|1) case
Creators: name: Bellucci, S.
name: Casteill, P. -Y.
name: Morales, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the coherent state representation of the integrable spin chain Hamiltonian with non-compact supersymmetry group G=SU(1,1|1). By passing to the continuous limit, we find a spin chain sigma model describing a string moving on the supercoset G/H, H being the stabilizer group. The action is written in a manifestly G-invariant form in terms of the Cartan forms and the string coordinates in the supercoset. The spin chain sigma model is shown to agree with that following from the Green-Schwarz action describing two-charged string spinning on AdS_5 x S^5.
description: 17 pages, references added, minor corrections
Are Agricultural PACs Monolithic? An Empirical Investigation
Creators: name: Bond, Craig A.
name: Hoag, Dana L.
name: Freeborn, Jennifer
name: Van Doren, Terry
name: Bond, Craig A.
name: Hoag, Dana L.
name: Freeborn, Jennifer
name: Van Doren, Terry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Monolithic Behavior
subject: Political Action Committee
subject: Political Donation Strategies
subject: Tobit model

description: This paper analyzes donation strategies of agricultural PACs by examining and testing a variety of variables theoretically related to contributions and formally testing for equivalence of donation strategies across PACs of varying levels of aggregation. Both chambers of the 108th Congress were modeled, with particular attention paid to the targeting of different power or influence sources within the legislature. Results showed significant heterogeneity across PAC subaggregates within a chamber, as well as between chambers, in terms of overall strategy and magnitude of marginal impacts. Evidence supporting the conditional party government hypothesis where PACs target top Party officials rather than influential legislative members was mixed and subindustry specific, with chairmanships apparently less important in the Senate than in the House.
CoAct School. S0: CITIZEN SOCIAL SCIENCE. Enhancing social dimensions in Citizen Science
Creators: name: Perelló, Josep
name: Bonhoure, Isabelle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: citizen science
citizen social science
school

description: The school takes inspiration from the EU H2020 SwafS CoAct (Co-designing Citizen Social Science for Collective Action) project’s experiences and partners. It aims to invigorate the academic community around a wide set of Citizen Social Science practices while providing a critical view on their strengths and challenges. The participant will have the opportunity to learn aspects related to the following elements: • Review of transdisciplinary aspects to Citizen Social Science (Open Science, Ethical Research, Digital participation, Evaluation and Policy Impact)
 • Practical examples of Citizen Social Science practices where groups in a vulnerable situation are acting as Co-Researchers
 • Portfolio of collaborative participatory research models (interdisciplinary, intersectoral and international)
 • Practical tools to maximize success and minimize challenges of Citizen Social Science
 • Development of an international network of peers
 • Strategies to be inclusive in a Citizen Science project S0: In this session, Citizen Science will be introduced jointly with the current discussions on how social dimension shall be considered and on how academics from the social sciences are currently shaping Citizen Social Science. CoAct vision will also be introduced. CoAct understands Citizen Social Science as participatory research co-designed and directly driven by citizen groups sharing a social concern. It combines equal collaboration between citizen groups (Co-Researchers) that share a social concern, and academic researchers. The session will end up with a summary of the State-of-the-Art CoAct deliverable.
Structure-Function Relationships in the Mouse Insulin Receptor 5'UTR
Creators: name: Dahl, William Benjamin
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2026
Subjects: 5' untranslated region
Insulin receptor
Internal ribosome entry sites
Non-canonical translation initiation
RNA secondary structure
RNA structure probing
Biochemistry

description: Cells under stress shift their proteome by repressing cap-dependent translation initiation. RNA elements called internal ribosome entry sites (IRES) allow key cellular transcripts to remain efficiently translated to support an effective stress response. Well- characterized IRESes depend on RNA structures that reduce the protein requirements for translation initiation, thus circumventing translation inhibition. We have previously determined that the insulin receptor 5’ untranslated region (Insr 5’UTR) possesses a capacity for IRES activity that is conserved from insects to mammals. There are several prominent examples of viral IRES structures solved in solution; however, the RNA secondary structures of cellular IRESes remain mostly elusive, especially in vivo. Here we probe the secondary structure of the Insr 5’UTR IRES in tandem with two well-studied viral IRESes from Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) using dimethyl sulfate mutational profiling by sequencing (DMS-MaPseq) in cells and in vitro. Additionally, preliminary DMS-MaPseq data for two other cellular IRESes are presented. One is from the 5’UTR of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (Igf1r), which operates in the same signaling pathway as Insr and exhibits a similar capacity for cap-independent translation initiation but differs vastly in sequence. The second is from an abundant circular RNA in Drosophila that has previously been shown to translate a small peptide. We find that the viral IRES structures in cells are consistent with their known in vitro structures and that significant linearization of these well-studied IRESes occurs in the region surrounding their translation start codon in cells. Using concurrent DMS-MaPseq probing as a constraint, we present a model of the mouse insulin receptor 5’UTR. With this model as a guide, we employed a mutation strategy which allowed us to identify a conserved segment distal from the translation start codon as critical for Insr IRES function. This knowledge informed the design of a minimal IRES element with equivalent activity to the full-length Insr 5’UTR across translation contexts.
Gould's Belt to Starburst Galaxies: The IMF of Extreme Star Formation
Creators: name: Meyer, M. R.
name: Greissl, J.
name: Kenworthy, M.
name: McCarthy, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results indicate the stellar initial mass function is not a strong function of star-forming environment or ``initial conditions'' (e.g. Meyer et al. 2000). Some studies suggest that a universal IMF may extend to sub-stellar masses (see however Briceno et al. 2002). Yet most of this work is confined to star-forming environments within 1 kpc of the Sun. In order to probe the universality of the IMF over a wider range of parameter space (metalicity, ambient pressure, magnetic field strength) new techniques are required. We begin by summarizing our approach to deriving the sub-stellar IMF down to the opacity-limit for fragmentation using NGC 1333 as an example. Next, we describe results from simulations using the observed point-spread function of the new 6.5m MMT adaptive optics system and examine the confusion-limited sensitivity to low mass stars in rich star-forming clusters out to 0.5 Mpc. We also present preliminary results from observations with this system of the W51 star-forming complex. Finally, we outline a new technique to estimate the ratio of high to low mass stars in unresolved stellar populations, such as the massive star clusters observed in interacting galaxies (e.g. Mengel et al. 2002). While evidence for variations in the IMF remains inconclusive, new studies are required to rule them out and determine whether or not the IMF is universal over the range of parameter space relevant to star-forming galaxies over cosmic time.
description: 10 postscript pages to appear in "The IMF@50", Kluwer (Astrophysics and Space Science Series), eds. E. Corbelli, F. Palla, and H. Zinnecker
Equation of State of Hot, Dense Magnesium Derived with First-PrinciplesComputer Simulations
Creators: name: González-Cataldo, Felipe
name: Soubiran, François
name: Militzer, Burkhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using two first-principles computer simulation techniques, path integral Monte-Carlo and density functional theory molecular dynamics, we derive the equation of state of magnesium in the regime of warm dense matter, with densities ranging from 0.43 to 86.11~g/cm$^3$~and temperatures from 20,000 K to $5\times10^8$~K. These conditions are relevant for the interiors of giant planets and stars as well as for shock compression measurements and inertial confinement fusion experiments. We study ionization mechanisms and electronic structure of magnesium as a function of density and temperature. We show that the L shell electrons 2s and 2p energy bands merge at high density. This results into a gradual ionization of the L-shell with increasing density and temperature. In this regard, Mg differs from MgO, which is also reflected in the shape of its principal shock Hugoniot curve. For Mg, we predict a single broad pressure-temperature region where the shock compression ratio is approximately 4.9. Mg thus differs from Si and Al plasma that exhibit two well-separated compression maxima on the Hugoniot curve for L and K shell ionizations. Finally we study multiple shocks and effects of preheat and precompression.
description: Full Equation of State table available. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2001.05300
An Application of Mixed Logit Estimation in the Analysis of Producers’ Stated Preferences
Creators: name: Kipperberg, Gorm
name: Bond, Craig A.
name: Hoag, Dana L.
name: Kipperberg, Gorm
name: Bond, Craig A.
name: Hoag, Dana L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Agricultural production
subject: profit-maximization
subject: environment
subject: mixed logit
subject: stated preference
subject: attribute part-worth
subject: nitrate leaching
subject: soil erosion
subject: risk

description: This paper analyzes Colorado Corn producers’ preferences over both private- and environmental public-good production system attributes. Current production practices are characterized by intensive water and chemical use, resulting in non-point source pollution to water bodies as well as soil erosion problems. Data from a stated preference survey are employed to analyze key attributes of experimentally configured irrigation systems, proposed as alternatives to current practices. Panel mixed logit estimations find positive preferences for profit, risk reduction, and, importantly, systems with less environmental impact in terms of nitrate leaching and soil erosion. The results also find presence of significant preference heterogeneity and a complementary relationship between the two environmental attributes. Analysis of this kind can be used by policy makers to predict behavioral responses associated with introduction of new technologies, or to assess welfare implications of agricultural policy changes and stricter environmental regulations.
The ecology, status and recovery prospects of Noonsack dace (Rhinichthys Cataractae ssp.) and Salish sucker (Catostomus sp.) in Canada
Creators: name: Pearson, Michael Philip
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: I studied the ecology and assessed the current status and prospects for recovery of two endangered fishes, the Salish sucker and the Nooksack dace. Salish sucker populations were located in 9 of 45 Fraser Valley watersheds. Distribution is discontinuous and abundance is spatially clumped at the regional and watershed scales. Populations are concentrated in headwaters, especially beaver ponds. The amount of deep pool habitat in a reach is the most powerful predictor of presence, but fish are usually absent if more than 50% of the land within 200 m of a reach is urban. Radio telemetry work showed that Salish suckers are crepuscular, have home ranges averaging 170 m of linear channel, made their longest movements during the spawning period (March to early June) and rarely crossed beaver dams. Relative to closely related Catostomids, they are small, early maturing, and have a prolonged spawning period. Nooksack dace are limited to three watersheds in Canada. Populations are spatially clumped. The amount of riffle habitat in a reach is the most powerful predictor of their presence, while long sections of deep pool are associated with absence. Mark-recapture work suggests that dace typically range over less than 50 m of channel, but that a small number venture further. Spawning is prolonged (April -July). Life history characteristics of both species are likely to impart good resilience to short-term disturbances of limited spatial scale, but not to the chronic, large-scale disruptions that affect their habitat in Canada. I identified eight potential threats and for each assessed species vulnerability, severity in each population's watershed, and the ability of current legislation and policy to address it. In light of these three factors, Salish suckers appear most threatened by acute hypoxia and Nooksack dace are most threatened by lack of water. Both species have been strongly impacted by habitat destruction from drainage and infilling projects and may be vulnerable to introduced predators and habitat fragmentation. Toxicity from urban runoff, sediment deposition and riffle loss to beaver ponds (dace only) threaten individual populations, but are probably not major threats across the range.
Supplementary material for "Assessing HRTF preprocessing methods for Ambisonics rendering through perceptual models"
Creators: name: Engel, Isaac
name: Goodman, Dan F. M.
name: Picinali, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Binaural models
Ambisonics
HRTF preprocessing
Spatial audio
Binaural rendering

description: Supplementary material for:
 Engel I., Goodman D.F.M. & Picinali L. 2021. Assessing HRTF preprocessing methods for Ambisonics rendering through perceptual models. Submitted to Acta Acustica. It contains a detailed report in tabular form of the data displayed in Figure 7 of the above paper.
The underlying event and fragmentation
Creators: name: Odagiri, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A good fit to the CDF underlying event is obtained in the multiple parton scattering picture using HERWIG, after modifying the cluster hadronization algorithm as suggested by our previous study and adopting a larger maximum cluster size. The number of scatters per event is generated simply as a Poisson distribution. If our picture is correct, the baryon yield should be enhanced in the underlying event. This effect may be studied by measuring the proton-to-pion ratio.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 4 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae nutrient signaling pathways show an unexpected early activation pattern during winemaking
Creators: name: Vallejo, Beatriz
name: Matallana, Emilia
name: Aranda, Agustín
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. Western blot analysis of PKA targets during MS300 fermentation for one day. Haploid C9 strains and mutants in potential PKA targets were used. Membrane was probed with an anti-PKA phosphorylation consensus RRXT/S.
Using Numerical Dynamic Programming to Compare Passive and Active Learning in the Adaptive Management of Nutrients in Shallow Lakes
Creators: name: Bond, Craig A.
name: Loomis, John B.
name: Bond, Craig A.
name: Loomis, John B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: adaptive control
subject: adaptive management
subject: dynamic programming
subject: value of experimentation
subject: value of information
subject: nonpoint source pollution
subject: learning
subject: decisions under uncertainty

description: This paper illustrates the use of dual/adaptive control methods to compare passive and active adaptive management decisions in the context of an ecosystem with a threshold effect. Using discrete-time dynamic programming techniques, we model optimal phosphorus loadings under both uncertainty about natural loadings and uncertainty regarding the critical level of phosphorus concentrations beyond which nutrient recycling begins. Active management is modeled by including the anticipated value of information (or learning) in the structure of the problem, and thus the agent can perturb the system (experiment), update beliefs, and learn about the uncertain parameter. Using this formulation, we define and value optimal experimentation both ex ante and ex post. Our simulation results show that experimentation is optimal over a large range of phosphorus concentration and belief space, though ex ante benefits are small. Furthermore, realized benefits may critically depend on the true underlying parameters of the problem.
Smartphone GIS: exploring technological competency in active learning across geography
Creators: name: Holloway, Paul
name: Thelen, Sarah
name: McCullagh, Denise
name: Tangney, Peter
name: Veenenbos, Koen R.
name: van der Horst, Sophie V. J.
name: O’Leary, Agnes
name: Bermingham, Suzanne
name: O’Brien, Celena
name: O’Leary, Niall
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Smartphones are increasingly becoming embedded in geography curriculums, meaning research is needed to gather insights from the student perspective to guide best practice for optimised implementation across diverse cohorts. This is particularly important in the context of ensuring that UN Sustainable Development Goal 4 (Quality Education) is met. In this article, we report on the role that student competency in technology (i.e. everyday user versus occasional user) and sub-discipline (i.e. human geography versus physical geography) plays in student engagement with smartphone technology to support active learning. Exercises were developed in Survey123, Field Maps, and QField for QGIS across undergraduate and postgraduate geography programmes. Focus groups identified three common themes among students in response to the use of this mobile technology in geographic research. Firstly, our research highlights the need to consider technology learning as a dynamic entity, perhaps even a continuum, with students identifying negative opinions of their technology skillsets, even when their baseline was quite advanced. Secondly, such activities should not necessarily be uniform across cohorts of students, with our results identifying substantially different responses across undergraduate and postgraduate cohorts. Finally, we highlight the need to think critically about whether such smartphone applications are necessary for all data collection tasks across different application areas, with a preference for human geography exercises identified by students.
Quantum multimode model of elastic scattering from Bose Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Zin, P.
name: Chwedenczuk, J.
name: Perez, A.
name: Rzazewski, K.
name: Trippenbach, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mean field approximation treats only coherent aspects of the evolution of a Bose Einstein condensate. However, in many experiments some atoms scatter out of the condensate. We study an analytic model of two counter-propagating atomic Gaussian wavepackets incorporating dynamics of incoherent scattering processes. Within the model we can treat processes of elastic collision of atoms into the initially empty modes, and observe how, with growing occupation, the bosonic enhancement is slowly kicking in. A condition for bosonic enhancement effect is found in terms of relevant parameters. Scattered atoms form a squeezed state that can be viewed as a multi-component condensate. Not only are we able to calculate the dynamics of mode occupation, but also the full statistics of scattered atoms.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Strategic Identification of Anti-Cancer Compounds Targeting PARP15 in DNA Repair Pathways for Enhanced Therapeutic Efficacy
Creators: name: Sharma, Pradeep
name: Sharma, Sujata
name: Alam, Aftab
name: Alqarni, Mohammed H.
name: Bhardwaj, Rima
name: Singh, Indrakant K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Cancer is a significant worldwide health concern that requires effective therapies. Addressing this critical issue necessitates innovative treatment strategies concentrating on the fundamental causes of cancer progression. The PARP15 protein is essential in cancer progression by facilitating DNA repair pathways, making it a promising target for anti-cancer therapies. This investigation relies on computational strategies, including virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulations, to identify potential inhibitors of PARP15 target protein. Three potential compounds (26646684, 104224077, and 17505556) with notable binding affinities and interaction patterns were selected for further investigation. Compound 17505556 shows significant interactions, suggesting more stable conformation throughout the simulation against the target protein. Compound 17505556 exhibited the highest binding free energy (-34.07 kcal/mol), significantly outperforming the reference inhibitor I4X (-26.70 kcal/mol). This strong binding affinity suggests that 17505556 forms stable and sustained interactions with PARP15, making it the most promising inhibitor among those studied. Other compounds, 26646684 (-28.92 kcal/mol) and 104224077 (-26.83 kcal/mol), also demonstrated favorable binding energies, indicating their potential as viable inhibitors. The overall result of the investigation suggests the compound 17505556 as a possible drug candidate for the inhibition of DNA repair protein, offering novel avenues for developing an anti-cancer drug candidate.
Galaxy Cluster Assembly at z=0.37
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Anthony H.
name: Tran, Kim-Vy H.
name: Conbere, Michelle N.
name: Zaritsky, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present X-ray and spectroscopic confirmation of a cluster assembling from multiple, distinct galaxy groups at z=0.371. Initially detected in the Las Campanas Distant Cluster Survey, the structure contains at least four X-ray detected groups that lie within a maximum projected separation of 4 Mpc and within dv=550 km/s of one another. Using Chandra imaging and wide-field optical spectroscopy, we show that the individual groups lie on the local sigma-T relation, and derive a total mass of M>=5e14 solar masses for the entire structure. We demonstrate that the groups are gravitationally bound to one another and will merge into a single cluster with >=1/3 the mass of Coma. We also find that although the cluster is in the process of forming, the individual groups already have a higher fraction of passive members than the field. This result indicates that galaxy evolution on group scales is key to developing the early-type galaxies that dominate the cluster population by z~0.
description: Accepted by ApJ Letters
Preterm infants' pose estimation with spatio-temporal features
Creators: name: Moccia, Sara
name: Migliorelli, Lucia
name: Carnielli, Virgilio
name: Frontoni, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Objective: Preterm infants' limb monitoring in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) is of primary importance for assessing infants' health status and motor/cognitive development. Herein, we propose a new approach to preterm infants' limb pose estimation that features spatio-temporal information to detect and track limb joints from depth videos with high reliability. Methods: Limb-pose estimation is performed using a deep-learning framework consisting of a detection and a regression convolutional neural network (CNN) for rough and precise joint localization, respectively. The CNNs are implemented to encode connectivity in the temporal direction through 3D convolution. Assessment of the proposed framework is performed through a comprehensive study with sixteen depth videos acquired in the actual clinical practice from sixteen preterm infants (the babyPose dataset). Results: When applied to pose estimation, the median root mean squared distance, computed among all limbs, between the estimated and the ground-truth pose was 9.06 pixels, overcoming approaches based on spatial features only (11.27pixels). Conclusion: Results showed that the spatio-temporal features had a significant influence on the pose-estimation performance, especially in challenging cases (e.g., homogeneous image intensity). Significance: This paper significantly enhances the state of art in automatic assessment of preterm infants' health status by introducing the use of spatio-temporal features for limb detection and tracking, and by being the first study to use depth videos acquired in the actual clinical practice for limb-pose estimation. The babyPose dataset has been released as the first annotated dataset for infants' pose estimation.
description: IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering (2019)