cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stratified Graphs
Creators: name: Gross, Jonathan L.
name: Tucker, Thomas W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: Two imbeddings of a graph G are considered to be adjacent if the second can be obtained from the first by moving one or both ends of a single edge within its or their respective rotations. Thus, the collection of imbeddings of G may be regarded as a "stratified graph", denoted SG. The induced subgraph of SG on the set of imbeddings into the surface of genus k is called the "kth stratum", and one may observe that the sequence of stratum sizes is precisely the genus distribution for the graph G. It is proved that the stratified graph is a complete isomorphism invariant for the category of graphs whose minimum valence is at least three and that the spanning subgraph of SG corresponding to moving only one edge-end is a cartesian product of graphs whose underlying isomorphism types depend only on the valence sequence for G.
On the influence of statistics on the determination of the mean value of the depth of shower maximum for ultra high energy cosmic ray showers
Creators: name: Supanitsky, A. D.
name: Medina-Tanco, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chemical composition of ultra high energy cosmic rays is still uncertain. The latest results obtained by the Pierre Auger Observatory and the HiRes Collaboration, concerning the measurement of the mean value and the fluctuations of the atmospheric depth at which the showers reach the maximum development, Xmax, are inconsistent. From comparison with air shower simulations it can be seen that, while the Auger data may be interpreted as a gradual transition to heavy nuclei for energies larger than ~ 2-3x10^18 eV, the HiRes data are consistent with a composition dominated by protons. In Ref. [1] it is suggested that a possible explanation of the observed deviation of the mean value of Xmax from the proton expectation, observed by Auger, could originate in a statistical bias arising from the approximated exponential shape of the Xmax distribution, combined with the decrease of the number of events as a function of primary energy. In this paper we consider a better description of the Xmax distribution and show that the possible bias in the Auger data is at least one order of magnitude smaller than the one obtained when assuming an exponential distribution. Therefore, we conclude that the deviation of the Auger data from the proton expectation is unlikely explained by such statistical effect.
description: To be published in Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
Solanum reticulatum Dunal
Creators: name: Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de
name: 2009
name: Knapp, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum reticulatum

description: Solanum reticulatum Dunal in Poir., Encycl. Suppl. 3: 764. 1814 Type: “ Saint Domingue ”, [Hispaniola], P. Richard s.n. (holotype, P [P00325752, Morton neg. 8176]; fragment, F).
description: Published as part of Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de, 2009 & Knapp, Sandra, 2009, Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies, pp. 65-84 in Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 66 (1) on page 71, DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209, http://zenodo.org/record/6326308
Experiments of Image Retrieval Using Weak Attributes
Creators: name: Yu, Xinnan
name: Ji, Rongrong
name: Tsai, Ming-Hen
name: Ye, Guangnan
name: Chang, Shih-Fu
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Computer science
Information science

description: Searching images based on descriptions of image attributes is an intuitive process that can be easily understood by humans and recently made feasible by a few promising works in both the computer vision and multimedia communities. In this report, we describe some experiments of image retrieval methods that utilize weak attributes.
Image Understanding and Robotics Research at Columbia University
Creators: name: Kender, John R.
name: Allen, Peter K.
name: Boult, Terrance E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: Over the past year, the research investigations of the Vision/Robotics Laboratory at Columbia University have reflected the interests of its four faculty members, two staff programmers, and 16 Ph.D. students. Several of the projects involve other faculty members in the department or the university, or researchers at AT&T, IBM, or Philips. We list below a summary of our interests and results, together with the principal researchers associated with them. Since it is difficult to separate those aspects of robotic research that are purely visual from those that are vision-like (for example, tactile sensing) or vision-related (for example, integrated vision-robotic systems), we have listed all robotic research that is not purely manipulative. The majority of our current investigations are deepenings of work reported last year; this was the second year of both our basic Image Understanding contract and our Strategic Computing contract. Therefore, the form of this year's report closely resembles last year's. Although there are a few new initiatives, mainly we report the new results we have obtained in the same five basic research areas. Much of this work is summarized on a video tape that is available on request. We also note two service contributions this past year. The Special Issue on Computer Vision of the Proceedings of the IEEE, August, 1988, was co-edited by one of us (John Kender [27]). And, the upcoming IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattem Recognition, June, 1989, is co-program chaired by one of us (John Kender [23]).
Algebraic Specification-Based Performance Analysis or Communication Protocols
Creators: name: Nounou, Nihal
name: Yemini, Yechiam
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1984
Subjects: Computer science

description: Safe and live protocols have been shown to exhibit timing errors. To avoid such errors, timing requirements of protocols should be specified and verified. In this paper, a method for mapping algebraic functional behavior descriptions into corresponding timing behavior descriptions is introduced. Constraints on timing behavior are then expressed and used in specifying and verifying protocol timing requirements. In addition, various protocol performance measures are defined and analyzed. Using the Alternating Bit protocol as an example, an upper bound on the protocol's timeout rate, such that it meets a given timeout requirement, is computed and its maximum throughput and mean transfer time are analyzed.
The Relationship Between Mental Disorder Stigma Interventions and Individual Differences
Creators: name: Neilson, Tessa
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: mental disorder stigma
subject: anti-stigma interventions
subject: individual differences
subject: HEXACO personality
subject: modern prejudice
subject: intergroup anxiety
subject: empathy
subject: perspective taking
subject: right wing authoritarianism
subject: social dominance orientation
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The present study examined the relationship between individual differences and mental disorder stigma ratings prior to an intervention, as well as directly following and one week after a mental disorder stigma intervention took place. A knowledge-based anti-stigma intervention and a contact-based anti-stigma intervention were also compared to a control group, in order to determine whether these relationships between stigma and individual difference variables would vary based on the type of intervention provided. Data was collected from 152 post-secondary students on their ratings of the HEXACO personality inventory, modern prejudice towards individuals with mental illnesses, intergroup anxiety, empathy, perspective taking, Right Wing Authoritarianism, Social Dominance Orientation, and mental disorder stigma. Results indicated that mental disorder stigma was related to each of the individual difference variables prior to participants receiving the intervention. Changes in mental disorder stigma ratings directly following the anti-stigma interventions, as well as one week later suggest that individual differences may play a role in the type of mental disorder stigma interventions that are most effective for different individuals. These findings and their implications for future research are discussed.
Solanum hoplophorum O. E. Schulz, Fuertes 1023
Creators: name: Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de
name: 2009
name: Knapp, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum hoplophorum

description: Solanum hoplophorum O.E. Schulz in Urb., Symb. Antill. 7: 369. 1912 Type: Dominican Republic. Barahona, Gippel des Noche Buena, 1800 m, Aug 1911, M. Fuertes 1023 (lectotype, S [S04-2916], designated here; isolectotypes, A [A00077555], BM [BM000629234], GH [GH00077554], GOET, K [K000196486], MO [MO-2572037]).
description: Published as part of Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de, 2009 & Knapp, Sandra, 2009, Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies, pp. 65-84 in Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 66 (1) on page 73, DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209, http://zenodo.org/record/6326308
Computing Geographical Scopes of Web Resources
Creators: name: Ding, Junyan
name: Gravano, Luis
name: Shivakumar, Narayanan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Computer science

description: Many information resources on the web are relevant primarily to limited geographical communities. For instance, web sites containing information on restaurants, theaters, and apartment rentals are relevant primarily to web users in geographical proximity to these locations. In contrast, other information resources are relevant to a broader geographical community. For instance, an on-line newspaper may be relevant to users across the United States. Unfortunately, most current web search engines largely ignore the geographical scope of web resources. In this paper, we introduce techniques for automatically computing the geographical scope of web resources, based on the textual content of the resources, as well as on the geographical distribution of hyperlinks to them. We report an extensive experimental evaluation of our strategies using real web data. Finally, we describe a geographically-aware search engine that we have built using our techniques for determining the geographical scope of web resources.
A Survey of Machine Learning Systems Integrating Explanation-Based and Similarity-Based Methods
Creators: name: Danyluk, Andrea Pohoreckyj
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: Two disparate machine learning approaches have received considerable attention. These are explanation-based and similarity-based learning. The basic goal of an explanation-based learning system is to more efficiently recognize concepts that it is already capable of recognizing. The learning process involves a knowledge-intensive analysis of an environment-provided example of a concept in order to extract its characteristic features. The basic goal of a similarity-based system, on the other hand, is to acquire descriptions that allow the system to recognize concepts it does not yet know. Although they have been applied with some success to problems in a variety of domains, both methods have clear deficiencies. Explanation-based learning assumes that a system will be provided with an explicit domain theory that is complete, correct, and tractable. This assumption is unrealistic for many complex, real-world domains. Similarity-based learning suffers because of its lack of an explicit theory. Since the two methods are complementary in nature, an obvious solution is to augment systems using one approach with techniques from the other. This survey discusses machine learning systems that integrate explanation-based and similarity-based learning methods such that one is incorporated primarily to handle a deficiency of the other. Although sufficient background material is provided that the reader need not be familiar with machine learning, general knowledge of AI is assumed.
Non-Gaussianities and chiral gravitational waves in natural steep inflation
Creators: name: Anber, Mohamed M.
name: Sorbo, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In arXiv:0908.4089, we have proposed a model where natural inflation is realized on a steep potential as a consequence of the interaction of the inflaton with gauge fields through an axion-like coupling. In the present work we study the nongaussianities and the spectrum of tensor modes generated in this scenario. The nongaussianities turn out to be compatible with current observations and can be large enough to be detectable by Planck. The non-observation of tensor modes imposes new constraints on the parameter space of the system that are about one order of magnitude stronger than those found in our previous work. More importantly, in certain regions of the parameter space tensor modes might be detected by upcoming Cosmic Microwave Background experiments even if inflation occurs at energies as low as the TeV scale. In this case the tensor modes would be chiral, and would lead to distinctive parity-violating correlation functions in the CMB.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 6 of Increasing incidence and antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli bloodstream infections: a multinational population-based cohort study
Creators: name: MacKinnon, Melissa C.
name: McEwen, Scott A.
name: Pearl, David L.
name: Lyytikäinen, Outi
name: Jacobsson, Gunnar
name: Collignon, Peter
name: Gregson, Daniel B.
name: Valiquette, Louis
name: Laupland, Kevin B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6. Table containing the crude odds ratios for the univariable logistic regression models estimating associations between having a third-generation cephalosporin-resistant E. coli bloodstream infection, and region, year, sex and age.
On Elastic Block Ciphers and Their Differential and Linear Cryptanalyses
Creators: name: Cook, Debra L.
name: Yung, Moti
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: Motivated by applications such as databases with nonuniform field lengths, we introduce the concept of an elastic block cipher, a new approach to variable length block ciphers which incorporates fixed sized cipher components into a new network structure. Our scheme allows us to dynamically 'stretch' the supported block size of a block cipher up to a length double the original block size, while increasing the computational workload proportionally to the block size. We show that traditional attacks against an elastic block cipher are impractical if the original cipher is secure. In this paper we focus on differential and linear attacks. Specifically, we employ an elastic version of Rijndael supporting block sizes of 128 to 256 bits as an example, and show it is resistant to both differential and linear attacks. In particular, employing a different method than what is employed in Rijndael design, we show that the probability of any differential characteristic for the elastic version of Rijndael is <= 2^-(block size). We further prove that both linear and nonlinear attacks are computationally infeasible for any elastic block cipher if the original cipher is not subject to such an attack and involves a block size for which an exhaustive plaintext search is computationally infeasible (as is the case for Rijndael).
Discontinuous phase transition in a dimer lattice gas
Creators: name: Dickman, Ronald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I study a dimer model on the square lattice with nearest-neighbor exclusion as the only interaction. Detailed simulations using tomographic entropic sampling show that as the chemical potential is varied, there is a strongly discontinuous phase transition, at which the particle density jumps by about 18% of its maximum value, 1/4. The transition is accompanied by the onset of orientational order, to an arrangement corresponding to the {1/2,0,1/2} structure identified by Phares et al. [Physica B {\bf 409}, 1096 (2011)] in a dimer model with {\it finite} repulsion at {\it fixed} density. Using finite-size scaling and Binder's cumulant, the expected scaling behavior at a discontinuous transition is verified in detail. The discontinuous transition can be understood qualitatively given that the model possesses eight equivalent maximum-density configurations, so that its coarse-grained description corresponds to that of the q=8 Potts model.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures
Solanum formonense O. Schmidt, Repert. 2009, Spec. Nov.
Creators: name: Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de
name: 2009
name: Knapp, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum formonense

description: Solanum formonense O.E. Schulz ex O. Schmidt, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 32: 92. 1933 Type: Haiti. Massif de la Hotte, in parte occidentali, Les Anglais, Morne l’Etang, 1400 m, 21 Jul 1928, H. Ekman H.10365 (lectotype, S [S04-2911], designated here).
description: Published as part of Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de, 2009 & Knapp, Sandra, 2009, Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies, pp. 65-84 in Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 66 (1) on page 73, DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209, http://zenodo.org/record/6326308
A New Routing Metric for High Throughput in Dense Ad Hoc Networks
Creators: name: Chang, Hoon
name: Misra, Vishal
name: Rubenstein, Daniel Stuart
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: Routing protocols in most ad hoc networks use the length of paths as the routing metric. Recent findings have revealed that the minimum-hop metric can not achieve the maximum throughput because it tries to reduce the number of hops by containing long range links, where packets need to be transmitted at the lowest transmission rate. In this paper, we investigate the tradeoff between transmission rates and throughputs and show that in dense networks with uniform-distributed traffic, there exists the optimal rate that may not be the lowest rate. Based on our observation, we propose a new routing metric, which measures the expected capability of a path assuming the per-node fairness. We develop a routing protocol based on DSDV and demonstrate that the routing metric enhances the system throughput by 20% compared to the original DSDV.
Grouped Distributed Queues: Distributed Queue, Proportional Share Multiprocessor Scheduling
Creators: name: Caprita, Bogdan
name: Nieh, Jason
name: Stein, Clifford S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Computer science

description: We present Grouped Distributed Queues (GDQ), the first proportional share scheduler for multiprocessor systems that, by using a distributed queue architecture, scales well with a large number of processors and processes. GDQ achieves accurate proportional fairness scheduling with only O(1) scheduling overhead. GDQ takes a novel approach to distributed queuing: instead of creating per-processor queues that need to be constantly balanced to achieve any measure of proportional sharing fairness, GDQ uses a simple grouping strategy to organize processes into groups based on similar processor time allocation rights, and then assigns processors to groups based on aggregate group shares. Group membership of processes is static, and fairness is achieved by dynamically migrating processors among groups. The set of processors working on a group use simple, low-overhead round-robin queues, while processor reallocation among groups is achieved using a new multiprocessor adaptation of the well-known Weighted Fair Queuing algorithm. By commoditizing processors and decoupling their allocation from process scheduling, GDQ provides, with only constant scheduling cost, fairness within a constant of the ideal generalized processor sharing model for process weights with a fixed upper bound. We have implemented GDQ in Linux and measured its performance. Our experimental results show that GDQ has low overhead and scales well with the number of processors.
DADO: A Parallel Processor for Expert Systems
Creators: name: Stolfo, Salvatore
name: Miranker, Daniel P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1984
Subjects: Computer science

description: DADO is a parallel, tree-structured machine designed to provide significant performance improvements in the execution of large expert systems implemented in production system form. A full-scale version of the DADO machine would comprise a large (on the order of a hundred thousand) set of processing elements (PE's), each containing its own processor, a small amount (16K bytes, in the current prototype design) of local random access memory, and a specialized I/O switch. The PE's are introduced to form a complete binary tree. This paper describes the application domain of the DADO machine and the rationale for its design. We then focus on the machine architecture and detail the hardware design of a moderately large prototype comprising 1023 microprocessors currently under development at Columbia University. We conclude with very encouraging performance statistics recently calculated from an analysis of extensive simulations of the system.
Object-Oriented Programming Language Facilities for Concurrency Control
Creators: name: Kaiser, Gail E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: Concurrent object-oriented programming systems require support for concurrency control, to enforce consistent commitment of changes and to support program-initiated rollback after application-specific failures. We have explored three different concurrency control models -- atomic blocks, serializable transactions, and commit-serializable transactions -- as part of the MELD programming language. We present our designs, discuss certain programming problems and implementation issues, and compare our work on MELD to other concurrent object-based systems.
Additional file 1 of The effects of vitamin D supplementation in carpal tunnel syndrome treatment outcomes: a systematic review
Creators: name: Anusitviwat, Chirathit
name: Suwanno, Porames
name: Suwannaphisit, Sitthiphong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 1 of Hypoxia promotes the metastasis of pancreatic cancer through regulating NOX4/KDM5A-mediated histone methylation modification changes in a HIF1A-independent manner
Creators: name: Li, Hongzhen
name: Peng, Chunyan
name: Zhu, Chenhui
name: Nie, Shuang
name: Qian, Xuetian
name: Shi, Zhao
name: Shi, Mengyue
name: Liang, Yan
name: Ding, Xiwei
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Zhang, Bin
name: Li, Xihan
name: Xu, Guifang
name: Lv, Ying
name: Wang, Lei
name: Friess, Helmut
name: Kong, Bo
name: Zou, Xiaoping
name: Shen, Shanshan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Information.
Unraveling the Dynamic Nature of Creativity in the Workplace
Creators: name: Chow, Sam
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: creativity
subject: innovation
subject: industrial/organizational psychology
subject: startup
subject: goal setting
subject: affect
subject: creative self efficacy
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Recent research and theories on workplace creativity have construed workplace creativity as a dynamic process. Past research, however, largely examines the phenomenon using crosssectional studies that are unable to test these dynamic theories of creativity. Moreover, scholars have traditionally studied the subject from a motivational perspective or from an affective state perspective. By doing so, the literature is oversimplifying and possibly distorting its understanding of workplace creativity. The primary goal of the study is two-fold: to test a dynamic theory of creativity and to integrate both a motivational and affective states model of creativity. Using daily survey data across ten days from 127 full-time employees, I found no support for a dynamic theory of creativity or integrated model of creativity. However, exploratory methods revealed that creativity is an outcome of both high activation positive affective states and goal orientations. Moreover, I found that this relationship was mediated by creative self-efficacy. Taken together, these exploratory results partially support an integrated model of creativity, albeit not being a dynamic phenomenon. Drawing from the current findings, theories and methodology are advanced towards providing a more robust test of a dynamic theory of creativity. Based on these findings, human resource practitioners are encouraged to engage in creative self-efficacy building by providing employees with feedback on their creative work. Moreover, practitioners should understand the importance of workplace affect in the role of creativity. Practitioners are encouraged to create a positive atmosphere to allow employees to express their creativity
The High Time Resolution Universe Pulsar Survey IV: Discovery and polarimetry of millisecond pulsars
Creators: name: Keith, M. J.
name: Johnston, S.
name: Bailes, M.
name: Bates, S. D.
name: Bhat, N. D. R.
name: Burgay, M.
name: Burke-Spolaor, S.
name: D'Amico, N.
name: Jameson, A.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Levin, L.
name: Milia, S.
name: Possenti, A.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: van Straten, W.
name: Parent, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of six millisecond pulsars (MSPs) in the High Time Resolution Universe (HTRU) survey for pulsars and fast transients carried out with the Parkes radio telescope. All six are in binary systems with approximately circular orbits and are likely to have white dwarf companions. PSR J1017-7156 has a high flux density and a narrow pulse width, making it ideal for precision timing experiments. PSRs J1446-4701 and J1125-5825 are coincident with gamma-ray sources, and folding the high-energy photons with the radio timing ephemeris shows evidence of pulsed gamma-ray emission. PSR J1502-6752 has a spin period of 26.7 ms, and its low period derivative implies that it is a recycled pulsar. The orbital parameters indicate it has a very low mass function, and therefore a companion mass much lower than usually expected for such a mildly recycled pulsar. In addition we present polarisation profiles for all 12 MSPs discovered in the HTRU survey to date. Similar to previous observations of MSPs, we find that many have large widths and a wide range of linear and circular polarisation fractions. Their polarisation profiles can be highly complex, and although the observed position angles often do not obey the rotating vector model, we present several examples of those that do. We speculate that the emission heights of MSPs are a substantial fraction of the light cylinder radius in order to explain broad emission profiles, which then naturally leads to a large number of cases where emission from both poles is observed.
description: Update to correct affiliation for CAASTRO. 16 pages, 18 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Modeling polarons in transition-metal oxides
Creators: name: Lau, Bayo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This work is a series of reports on progress in the description of electron-electron and electron-lattice interactions in transition-metal oxides, with an emphasis to the class of high-Tc superconducting cuprates. Combinations of numerical and analytical approaches were devised and developed to study large-scale models, which distinguish cation and anion sites of the realistic lattice structure. The many results range from incremental deviation to significant difference compared to those of the widely-accepted simple models without such distinction. A previously proposed numerical scheme and a perturbation approach were adapted to study the one-dimensional breathing-mode model, which describes a charge carrier interacting with vibrating anions. The effort yielded the first accurate benchmark result for all parameters values of the model. Based on a physical insight about the spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on a two-dimensional square lattice, an octapartite approach was devised to model the low-energy states. The efficiency of the resulting numerical approach was showcased with the explicit solution to a record-breaking 64-spin torus. A spin-polaron model was derived to model holes injected into cuprate's quasi two-dimensional copper-oxygen layer. Total-spin-resolved exact diagonalization was performed for a single fermionic hole in a record-breaking cluster with 32 copper and 64 oxygen sites. The solutions revealed important physics missed by previous studies. The octapartite approach was then developed to solve the spin-polaron model with two extra holes in the same cluster. The accuracy and efficiency of the method were established. Enhanced singlet correlation between two holes was observed. The preliminary results justify the need for an in-depth study.
Signalling Transport Protocols
Creators: name: Camarillo, Gonzalo
name: Schulzrinne, Henning G.
name: Kantola, Raimo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Computer science

description: SCTP is a newly developed transport protocol tailored for signalling transport. Whereas in theory SCTP is supposed to achieve a much better performance than TCP and UDP, at present there are no experimental results showing SCTP s real benefits. This paper analyzes SCTP s strengths and weaknesses and provides simulation results. We implemented SIP on top of UDP, TCP and SCTP in the network simulator and compared the three transport protocols under different network conditions.
Solanum formonense var. grandifolium O. Schmidt 2009
Creators: name: Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de
name: 2009
name: Knapp, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum formonense
Solanum formonense o.e. schulz ex o. schmidt var. grandifolium o.e. schulz ex o. schmidt, repert. spec. nov. regni veg. 32: 92. 1933

description: Solanum formonense O.E. Schulz ex O. Schmidt var. grandifolium O.E. Schulz ex O. Schmidt, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 32: 92. 1933 Type: Haiti. Massif de la Hotte, western group, Torbec, M. Formon, 1700 m, 30 Dec 1926, E.L. Ekman H.7461 (lectotype, S, designated here).
description: Published as part of Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de, 2009 & Knapp, Sandra, 2009, Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies, pp. 65-84 in Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 66 (1) on page 73, DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209, http://zenodo.org/record/6326308
The Application of Microeconomics to the Design of Resource Allocation and Control Algorithms
Creators: name: Ferguson, Donald Francis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: In this thesis, we present a new methodology for resource sharing algorithms in distributed systems. We propose that a distributed computing system should be composed of a decentralized community of microeconomic agents. We show that this approach decreases complexity and can substantially improve performance. We compare the performance, generality and complexity of our algorithms with non-economic algorithms. To validate the usefulness of our approach, we present economies that solve three distinct resource management problems encountered in large, distributed systems.
Five Parallel Algorithms for Production System Execution on the DADO Machine
Creators: name: Stolfo, Salvatore
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1984
Subjects: Computer science

description: In this paper we specify five abstract algorithms for the parallel execution of production systems on the DADO machine. Each algorithm is designed to capture the inherent parallelism in a variety of different production system programs. Ongoing research aims to substantiate our conclusions by empirically evaluating the performance of each algorithm on the DADO2 prototype, presently under construction at Columbia University.
Zitterbewegung and gravitational Berry phase
Creators: name: Papini, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Berry phases mix states of positive and negative energy in the propagation of fermions and bosons in external gravitational and electromagnetic fields and generate Zitterbewegung oscillations. The results are valid in any reference frame and to any order of approximation in the metric deviation.
description: 7 pages
Service Learning in Internet Telephony
Creators: name: Wu, Xiaotao
name: Schulzrinne, Henning G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Computer science

description: Internet telephony can introduce many novel communication services, however, novelty puts learning burden on users. It will be a great help to users if their desired services can be created automatically. We developed an intelligent communication service creation environment which can handle automatic service creation by learning from users' daily communication behaviors. The service creation environment models communication services as decision trees and uses the Incremental Tree Induction (ITI) algorithm for decision tree learning. We use Language for End System Services (LESS) scripts to represent learned results and implemented a simulation environment to verify the learning algorithm. We also noticed that when users get their desired services, they may not be aware of unexpected behaviors that the serivces could introduce, for example, mistakenly rejecting expected calls. In this paper, we also did a comprehensive analysis on communication service fail-safe handling and propose several approaches to create fail-safe services.
A Confocal Rheology Study of Network Stabilized Bicontinuous Emulsion Gels
Creators: name: Malone, Rachel Alexis
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: bijel
subject: cocontinuous structures
subject: confocal rheology
subject: colloidal gel
subject: spinodal decomposition
subject: curvature analysis
subject: Education--Sciences
subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Materials Science

description: In this thesis, a new bicontinuous soft material was discovered. Bicontinuous intraphase jammed emulsion gels (bipjels) were formed from critical mixtures of water and 2,6-lutidine and were stabilized with commercially produced alumina coated silica nanoparticles. Using a novel confocal rheology platform, the microstructure and rheological properties of the bipjels were simultaneously studied and provided key insights into the morphology and stability of the new materials during their formation, aging, and cooling. Through varying the concentration of the nanoparticles and the initial mixing energy delivered to the bipjel mixtures, the final morphologies could be tuned. A curvature analysis was performed over the aging of the different biPjel samples showing traits of optimal hyperbolic surfaces. The bipjels did not lose their strength upon cooling and liquids remixing which bodes well for their future development as an advanced material. Bipjels represent a new gateway for understanding the role non-interfacially localized particles play in stabilizing non-equilibrium morphologies.
Additional file 1 of Impact of video-led educational intervention on the uptake of influenza vaccine among adults aged 60 years and above in China: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Li, Pengchao
name: Hayat, Khezar
name: Jiang, Minghuan
name: Pu, Zhaojing
name: Yao, Xuelin
name: Zou, Yamin
name: Lambojon, Krizzia
name: Huang, Yifan
name: Hua, Jinghua
name: Xiao, Hanri
name: Du, Fulei
name: Shi, Li
name: Zhai, Panpan
name: Ji, Wenjing
name: Feng, Zhitong
name: Gong, Yilin
name: Fang, Yu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 2 of The effects of vitamin D supplementation in carpal tunnel syndrome treatment outcomes: a systematic review
Creators: name: Anusitviwat, Chirathit
name: Suwanno, Porames
name: Suwannaphisit, Sitthiphong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Solanum formonense var. parvifolium O. Schmidt 2009
Creators: name: Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de
name: 2009
name: Knapp, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum formonense
Solanum formonense o.e. schulz ex o. schmidt var. parvifolium o.e. schulz ex o. schmidt, repert. spec. nov. regni veg. 32: 92. 1933

description: Solanum formonense O.E. Schulz ex O. Schmidt var. parvifolium O.E. Schulz ex O. Schmidt, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 32: 92. 1933 Type: Haiti. Massif de la Hotte, western group, Les Anglais, Morne l’Etang, 1400 m, 21 Jul 1928, H. Ekman H.10365 (lectotype, S [S04-2911], designated here). Distribution. Known only from the montane cloud forests of Hispaniola (Haiti and the Dominican Republic), from 1000-1800 m elevation. Representative specimen. Dominican Republic.Prov. Peravia, Zanoni & Pimentel 40315 (JBSD, MO, NY). Although Lamarck’s protologue indicates that the plant collected by Joseph Martin came from Martinique, Solanum crotonoides has never been collected there. A similar situation exists for S. pyrifolium (Dulcamaroid clade), also collected by Martin from “Martinique”. I suspect that Martin did in fact also visit Hispaniola (the locality for his type collection of Aquartia microphylla is “S. Domingo”, see below) or that Martin used Martinique as a broad locality covering most of the Caribbean region, and that both these plants are true Hispaniolan endemics. In describing S. formonense, Schulz and Schmidt did not designate which of the two varieties was typical. Sheets of both syntypes are held at S; Ekman H.10365 (S04-2911, Fig. 2b) is in excellent condition and is here used to lectotypify both the species and the variety. Ekman H.7461 is the lectotype for var. grandifolium, but is not figured here. The lectotype of S. hoplophorum (Fig. 2c) is a very robust, prickly male plant (Fuertes 1023), showing that combination of characters that Dunal (1814) noted in describing S. reticulatum as the “hermaphrodite” of S. crotonoides (which is a dioecious species, see Knapp & al., 1998). Both varieties of S. formonense are female plants.
description: Published as part of Madrid, Anales del Jardín Botánico de, 2009 & Knapp, Sandra, 2009, Synopsis and lectotypification of Solanum (Solanaceae) species endemic in the West Indies, pp. 65-84 in Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid 66 (1) on page 73, DOI: 10.3989/ajbm.2209, http://zenodo.org/record/6326308
description: {"references": ["Dunal, M. - F. 1814. Morelle, Solanum. In: J. L. M. Poiret (ed.), Encyclopedie methodique, Botanique, Suppl. 3: 738 - 780. Paris: Chez H. Agasse.", "Knapp, S., Persson, V. & Blackmore, S. 1998. Pollen morphology and functional dioecy in Solanum (Solanaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 210: 113 - 139."]}
The Rate of Supernovae at Redshift 0.1-1.0 - the Stockholm VIMOS Supernova Survey IV
Creators: name: Melinder, J.
name: Dahlen, T.
name: Trinchant, L. Mencia
name: Östlin, G.
name: Mattila, S.
name: Sollerman, J.
name: Fransson, C.
name: Hayes, M.
name: Kankare, E.
name: Nasoudi-Shoar, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present supernova rate measurements at redshift 0.1-1.0 from the Stockholm VIMOS Supernova Survey (SVISS). The sample contains 16 supernovae in total. The discovered supernovae have been classified as core collapse or type Ia supernovae (9 and 7, respectively) based on their light curves, colour evolution and host galaxy photometric redshift. The rates we find for the core collapse supernovae are 3.29 (-1.78,-1.45)(+3.08,+1.98) x 10^-4 yr^-1 Mpc^-3 h70^3 (with statistical and systematic errors respectively) at average redshift 0.39 and 6.40 (-3.12,-2.11)(+5.30,+3.65) x 10^-4 yr^-1 Mpc^-3 h70^3 at average redshift 0.73. For the type Ia supernovae we find a rate of 1.29 (-0.57,-0.28)(+0.88,+0.27) x 10^-4 yr^-1 Mpc^-3 h70^3 at average redshift 0.62. All of these rate estimates have been corrected for host galaxy extinction, using a method that includes supernovae missed in infrared bright galaxies at high redshift. We use Monte Carlo simulations to make a thorough study of the systematic effects from assumptions made when calculating the rates and find that the most important errors come from misclassification, the assumed mix of faint and bright supernova types and uncertainties in the extinction correction. We compare our rates to other observations and to the predicted rates for core collapse and type Ia supernovae based on the star formation history and different models of the delay time distribution. Overall, our measurements, when taking the effects of extinction into account, agree quite well with the predictions and earlier results. Our results highlight the importance of understanding the role of systematic effects, and dust extinction in particular, when trying to estimate the rates of supernovae at moderate to high redshift.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in A&A. Version with high resolution images available at: http://www.astro.su.se:/~jens/sviss_rates.pdf
Online Maintenance of Minimal Directed Hypergraphs
Creators: name: Italiano, Giuseppe F.
name: Nanni, Umberto
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: In this paper we deal with directed hypergraphs, a generalization of directed graphs previously introduced in the literature. In particular, we investigate the problem of maintaining efficiently information about minimal hyperpaths while new hyperarcs are inserted. We consider several definitions of minimal hyperpath and we prove that accordingly to some of such definitions the problem of finding the minimal hyperpath is NP-complete, while hyperpaths with minimal GAP and minimal RANK can be found in polynomial time. We deal with this problem in an online fashion, by allowing insertions of hyperarcs in the hypergraphs. We present data structures and algorithms which allow to return a hyperpath with minimal GAP or RANK between an arbitrarily given pair of nodes in a time which is linear in its size. The total time required to maintain the data structure during the insertion of new hyperarcs is (9(m n2) for min-GAP and (9(m n2 log n) for min-RANK (where m is the total size of the description of the hyperarcs and n is the number of nodes). These results are useful in applications where directed hypergraphs are known to be a suitable model (e.g. transition networks, rewriting systems, database schemes, logic programming and problem solving).
Additional file 1 of SIESTA: a quick interprofessional learning activity fostering collaboration and communication between paediatric nursing trainees and medical students
Creators: name: Friedrich, Sebastian
name: Straub, Christine
name: Bode, Sebastian Felix Nepomuk
name: Heinzmann, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. SIESTA questionnaire. Full SIESTA questionnaire as it was handed to SIESTA participants. The original version of the questionnaire was in German. SF translated the questionnaire, with comments and corrections from all authors. All authors approved the final version of the translated questionnaire.
Knowledge Representation and Reasoning with Definitional Taxonomies
Creators: name: Weida, Robert Anthony
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1991
Subjects: Computer science

description: We provide a detailed overview of knowledge representation issues in general and terminological knowledge representation in particular. Terminological knowledge representation, which originated with KL-ONE, is an object-centered approach in the tradition of semantic networks and frames. Terminological systems share three distinguishing characteristics: (1) They are intended to support the definition of conceptual terms comprising a "terminology" and to facilitate reasoning about such terms. As such, they are explicitly distinguished from assertional systems which make statements of fact based on some terminology. (2) Their concepts are arranged in a taxonomy so that the attributes of a concept apply to its descendants without exception. Thus, the proper location of any concept within the taxonomy can be uniquely determined from the concept‘s definition by an automatic process known as classification. (3) They restrict the expressiveness of their language to achieve relatively efficient performance. We first survey important general issues in the field of knowledge representation, consider the semantics of concepts and their interrelationship, and examine the intertwined notions of taxonomy and inheritance. After discussing classification, we present a number of implemented terminological systems in detail, along with several hybrid systems which couple terminological and assertional reasoning components. We conclude by assessing the current state of the art in terminological knowledge representation.