cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Explaining alienability contrasts in adnominal possession: Economy vs. iconicity
Creators: name: Haspelmath, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006

description: In this talk, I claim that the universals of form-function relationship in alienability contrasts should not be explained in terms of iconic motivation, as in Haiman's (1983) influential paper, but by economic motivation and the frequency of occurrence in possessed constructions.
International HIV dementia scale for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Rosca, Elena Cecilia
name: Tadger, Philippe
name: Cornea, Amalia
name: Tudor, Raluca
name: Oancea, Cristian
name: Simu, Mihaela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine

description: Additional data on statistical methods and subgroup analysis.
On the Pilot Contamination Attack in Multi-Cell Multiuser Massive MIMO Networks
Creators: name: Akbar, Noman
name: Yan, Shihao
name: Khattak, Asad Masood
name: Yang, Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we analyze pilot contamination (PC) attacks on a multi-cell massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) network with correlated pilots. We obtain correlated pilots using a user capacity-achieving pilot sequence design. This design relies on an algorithm which designs correlated pilot sequences based on signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) requirements for all the legitimate users. The pilot design is capable of achieving the SINR requirements for all users even in the presence of PC. However, this design has some intrinsic limitations and vulnerabilities, such as a known pilot sequence and the non-zero cross-correlation among different pilot sequences. We reveal that such vulnerabilities may be exploited by an active attacker to increase PC in the network. Motivated by this, we analyze the correlated pilot design for vulnerabilities that can be exploited by an active attacker. Based on this analysis, we develop an effective active attack strategy in the massive MIMO network with correlated pilot sequences. Our examinations reveal that the user capacity region of the network is significantly reduced in the presence of the active attack. Importantly, the SINR requirements for the worst-affected users may not be satisfied even with an infinite number of antennas at the base station.
description: Accepted to appear in IEEE Transactions on Communications. DOI and other information will be added later
Conditionality and the impact of program design on household welfare: comparing two diverse cash transfer programs in rural Mexico
Creators: name: Davis, Benjamin
name: Handa, Sudhanshu
name: Ruiz -Arranz, Marta
name: Stampini, Marco
name: Winters, Paul
name: Davis, Benjamin
name: Handa, Sudhanshu
name: Ruiz -Arranz, Marta
name: Stampini, Marco
name: Winters, Paul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: In this paper, we examine how the design of cash transfer schemes influences household welfare outcomes with particular reference to the influence of transfers on conditioned outcomes, such as schooling, health and investment. We do this by examining two innovative cash transfer schemes initiated by the Mexican government in the last decade: PROGRESA, which is a national antipoverty scheme directed at chronic rural poverty, and PROCAMPO, which is a scheme designed to compensate farmers for the negative price effects of NAFTA. The schemes differ in that PROGRESA is targeted at women and conditioned on schooling and health outcomes and PROCAMPO is generally targeted at men and conditioned on land use. The analysis of data collected for an evaluation of PROGRESA suggest that the overall effects of the programs, as measured by total and food consumption expenditure, are not different. However, PROGRESA leads to greater schooling expenditure and school attendance as well as increased health outcomes. On the other hand, PROCAMPO is found to lead to increased investment in agriculture. The results suggest that conditionality may have little effect in terms of short-term welfare outcomes, but do influence both longer-term (human capital) and medium term (productive) investment. Policy makers must consider both whether or not conditions should be placed on a program, and the type of condition, depending on what they perceive to be the desirables outcomes of the transfer scheme.
description: FAO Document Repository: http://www.fao.org/3/a-ae029t.pdf
Aleurotrachelus trachoides Quaintance & Baker 1914
Creators: name: Martin, Jon H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aleyrodidae
Aleurotrachelus
Aleurotrachelus trachoides

description: Aleurotrachelus trachoides (Back)
(Figs 17, 100)
 Aleyrodes trachoides Back, 1912: 151–153. Syntypes, Cuba.
 Aleurotrachelus trachoides (Back) Quaintance & Baker, 1914: 103.
DISTRIBUTION. Neotropical Region: widely distributed; Ethiopian Region: Gambia (see below); Pacific Region: widely distributed.
 COMMENTS. A. trachoides is a native of the Neotropical Region, but had become established in Tahiti by the 1930s (BMNH). It has become more widespread across the Pacific since the late 1970s, and is now also in Hawaii (late 1990s) and Guam (2003). A recent quarantine interception in England, on plant material from Gambia, indicates possible establishment in the Ethiopian Region (Malumphy, 2005). A. trachoides has been called the solanum whitefly by some people, and it does seem to favour hosts in the Solanaceae, but it also feeds on several other plants, including aroids (Araceae), frangipanni (Apocynaceae) and Convolvulaceae.
 Belize Aleurotrachelus species 2 (Appendix 1) closely resembles A. trachoides, apparently differing only in the puparial lingula being less broad and less posteriorly notched. In Belize species 4, the characters of the lingula and submargin strongly resemble A. trachoides, but the marginal teeth are strongly castellate and not markedly paler than the dorsal disc as they are in A. trachoides.
description: Published as part of Martin, Jon H., 2005, Whiteflies of Belize (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Part 2 - a review of the subfamily Aleyrodinae Westwood, pp. 1-116 in Zootaxa 1098 (1) on pages 24-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1098.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5051548
Baryon Decuplet to Octet Electromagnetic Transitions in Quenched and Partially Quenched Chiral Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Arndt, Daniel
name: Tiburzi, Brian C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate baryon decuplet to octet electromagnetic transition form factors in quenched and partially quenched chiral perturbation theory. We work in the isospin limit of SU(3) flavor, up to next-to-leading order in the chiral expansion, and to leading order in the heavy baryon expansion. Our results are necessary for proper extrapolation of lattice calculations of these transitions. We also derive expressions for the case of SU(2) flavor away from the isospin limit.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, revtex4
Priorities and Progress in Gram-negative Bacterial Infection Research by the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group
Creators: name: Patel R.
name: Satlin M.J.
name: Bonomo R.A.
name: Lodise T.P.
name: Schwager N.
name: Baum K.
name: Fowler V.G.
name: van Duin D.
name: Rodvold K.A.
name: Van Tyne D.
name: Doi Y.
name: Rouphael N.
name: Hamasaki T.
name: Souli M.
name: Tamma P.D.
name: Komarow L.
name: Evans S.R.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2023

description: Addressing the treatment and prevention of antibacterial-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections is a priority area of the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group (ARLG). The ARLG has conducted a series of observational studies to define the clinical and molecular global epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant and ceftriaxone-resistant Enterobacterales, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, with the goal of optimizing the design and execution of interventional studies. One ongoing ARLG study aims to better understand the impact of fluoroquinolone-resistant gram-negative gut bacteria in neutropenic patients, which threatens to undermine the effectiveness of fluoroquinolone prophylaxis in these vulnerable patients. The ARLG has conducted pharmacokinetic studies to inform the optimal dosing of antibiotics that are important in the treatment of drug-resistant gram-negative bacteria, including oral fosfomycin, intravenous minocycline, and a combination of intravenous ceftazidime-avibactam and aztreonam. In addition, randomized clinical trials have assessed the safety and efficacy of step-down oral fosfomycin for complicated urinary tract infections and single-dose intravenous phage therapy for adult patients with cystic fibrosis who are chronically colonized with P. aeruginosa in their respiratory tract. Thus, the focus of investigation in the ARLG has evolved from improving understanding of drug-resistant gram-negative bacterial infections to positively affecting clinical care for affected patients through a combination of interventional pharmacokinetic and clinical studies, a focus that will be maintained moving forward.
Youth Empowered Advocating for Health (YEAH): Facilitating Partnerships Between Prevention Scientists and Black Youth to Promote Health Equity
Creators: name: Jahangir, Tasfia
name: Chandler, Caroline
name: Lightfoot, Alexandra F.
name: Lucas, Devin
name: Renfro, Tiffaney L.
name: Cave, Nkosi
name: Freeman, Marjorie
name: Knutzen, Kristin E.
name: Woods-Jaeger, Briana
name: Riggins, Christa
name: Jackson, Melvin
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2022

description: Structural racism inflicts a disproportionate burden of stress and trauma within Black communities, resulting in physical and mental health inequities that impact Black youth. Yet few multilevel interventions exist to address these deeply rooted inequities from a preventive standpoint, and even fewer are informed by the participatory input of the impacted communities. To bridge these gaps, we developed a community-based prevention strategy that promotes agency and active resistance to structural racism, Youth Empowered Advocating for Health (YEAH), and implemented it across various settings. We outline the development, implementation, and expansion of YEAH as a tool for promoting optimal health among Black communities. Lastly, we discuss lessons learned and offer a framework outlining key principles for prevention scientists to partner with Black youth and engage them in translational science to address structural racism. This framework is aimed at driving policies, practices, and procedures that promote equitable and sustainable change for and with Black communities.
More calories or more diversity? An econometric evaluation of the impact of the PROGRESA and PROCAMPO transfer programs on food security in rural Mexico
Creators: name: Ruiz -Arranz, Marta
name: Davis, Benjamin
name: Stampini, Marco
name: Winters, Paul
name: Handa, Sudhanshu
name: Ruiz -Arranz, Marta
name: Davis, Benjamin
name: Stampini, Marco
name: Winters, Paul
name: Handa, Sudhanshu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: This paper examines the PROGRESA and PROCAMPO cash transfer programs in Mexico and evaluates their impact on household food security and nutrition. These two programs differ in their gender targeting, with PROGRESA aimed at women and PROCAMPO generally at men, and program conditionality, with PROGRESA linked to development of human capital of children in the households and PROCAMPO linked to agricultural production. We try to answer the following questions. First, can a cash transfer program geared to agricultural production have the same impact on food security as a cash transfer program geared to consumption through purchases? Second, do eligibility requirements (gender of the recipient) and conditionality in the provision of cash transfers matter? Our results suggest that, contrary to conventional wisdom, men do not just drink away cash transfers and that monetary payments linked to a productive asset 'land- can have as large or larger impact on food security as cash transfers not linked to a productive asset. We show that both programs boost total food consumption and caloric intake in similar proportions. However, PROCAMPO has a larger impact on meat and vegetables consumption and PROGRESA on the other food category. Furthermore, increased food security is achieved through different channels: PROGRESA through purchases while PROCAMPO through investment in home production. We also find that cash transfers linked to information on nutrition and health increase food diversity. PROCAMPO households that also receive PROGRESA, and the information that goes with it, are more likely to be eating a more varied diet than households that get PROCAMPO only. All this suggests that the choice of program design in terms of food security depends on objectives beyond total food consumption and caloric intake, such as consumption from specific food categories, food diversity, investment in agricultural production, and the degree of access to retail food markets.
description: FAO Document Repository: http://www.fao.org/3/a-ae028t.pdf
Additional file 1 of Transcriptional insights into the CD8+ T cell response in mono-HIV and HCV infection
Creators: name: Si-Yao Li
name: Zhang, Zi-Ning
name: Yong‑Jun Jiang
name: Ya‑Jing Fu
name: Shang, Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. The PCAs of the matrix before and after Combat normalization
Propositional Computability Logic II
Creators: name: Japaridze, Giorgi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.4.1; F.1.2

description: Computability logic is a formal theory of computational tasks and resources. Its formulas represent interactive computational problems, logical operators stand for operations on computational problems, and validity of a formula is understood as being a scheme of problems that always have algorithmic solutions. A comprehensive online source on the subject is available at http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~giorgi/cl.html . The earlier article "Propositional computability logic I" proved soundness and completeness for the (in a sense) minimal nontrivial fragment CL1 of computability logic. The present paper extends that result to the significantly more expressive propositional system CL2. What makes CL2 more expressive than CL1 is the presence of two sorts of atoms in its language: elementary atoms, representing elementary computational problems (i.e. predicates), and general atoms, representing arbitrary computational problems. CL2 conservatively extends CL1, with the latter being nothing but the general-atom-free fragment of the former.
description: 25 pages
Structural basis for pre-tRNA recognition and processing by the human tRNA splicing endonuclease complex
Creators: name: Butay, Kevin John U.
name: Deterding, Leesa J.
name: Borgnia, Mario J.
name: Krahn, Juno M.
name: Williams, Jason G.
name: Matera, A. Gregory
name: Stanley, Robin E.
name: Hayne, Cassandra K.
name: Stewart, Zachary D.
name: Perera, Lalith
name: Petrovitch, Robert M.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2023

description: Throughout bacteria, archaea and eukarya, certain tRNA transcripts contain introns. Pre-tRNAs with introns require splicing to form the mature anticodon stem loop. In eukaryotes, tRNA splicing is initiated by the heterotetrameric tRNA splicing endonuclease (TSEN) complex. All TSEN subunits are essential, and mutations within the complex are associated with a family of neurodevelopmental disorders known as pontocerebellar hypoplasia (PCH). Here, we report cryo-electron microscopy structures of the human TSEN–pre-tRNA complex. These structures reveal the overall architecture of the complex and the extensive tRNA binding interfaces. The structures share homology with archaeal TSENs but contain additional features important for pre-tRNA recognition. The TSEN54 subunit functions as a pivotal scaffold for the pre-tRNA and the two endonuclease subunits. Finally, the TSEN structures enable visualization of the molecular environments of PCH-causing missense mutations, providing insight into the mechanism of pre-tRNA splicing and PCH.
The non-capacitor model of leaky integrate-and-fire $VO_2$ neuron with the thermal mechanism of the membrane potential
Creators: name: Velichko, A. A.
name: Belyaev, M. A.
name: Ryabokon, D. V.
name: Khanin, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.5.5
subject: 68T10

description: The study presents a numerical model of leaky integrate-and-fire neuron created on the basis of $VO_2$ switch. The analogue of the membrane potential in the model is the temperature of the switch channel, and the action potential from neighbouring neurons propagates along the substrate in the form of thermal pulses. We simulated the operation of three neurons and demonstrated that the total effect happens due to interference of thermal waves in the region of the neuron switching channel. The thermal mechanism of the threshold function operates due to the effect of electrical switching, and the magnitude (temperature) of the threshold can vary by external voltage. The neuron circuit does not contain capacitor, making it possible to produce a network with a high density of components, and has the potential for 3D integration due to the thermal mechanism of neurons interaction.
Metabolomic epidemiology offers insights into disease aetiology
Creators: name: Nicholas, Jayna
name: Darst, Burcu F.
name: Julián-Serrano, Sachelly
name: Sarvestani, Afrand K.
name: Drzymalla, Emily M.
name: Shutta, Katherine H.
name: Raffield, Laura M.
name: Fuller, Harriett
name: Rahnavard, Ali
name: Chatelaine, Haley A.
name: Zhu, Yiwen
name: Sinnott-Armstrong, Nasa
name: Tahir, Usman A.
name: Hua, Xinwei
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2023

description: Metabolomic epidemiology is the high-throughput study of the relationship between metabolites and health-related traits. This emerging and rapidly growing field has improved our understanding of disease aetiology and contributed to advances in precision medicine. As the field continues to develop, metabolomic epidemiology could lead to the discovery of diagnostic biomarkers predictive of disease risk, aiding in earlier disease detection and better prognosis. In this Review, we discuss key advances facilitated by the field of metabolomic epidemiology for a range of conditions, including cardiometabolic diseases, cancer, Alzheimer’s disease and COVID-19, with a focus on potential clinical utility. Core principles in metabolomic epidemiology, including study design, causal inference methods and multi-omic integration, are briefly discussed. Future directions required for clinical translation of metabolomic epidemiology findings are summarized, emphasizing public health implications. Further work is needed to establish which metabolites reproducibly improve clinical risk prediction in diverse populations and are causally related to disease progression.
Axion Model with Intermediate Scale Fermionic Dark Matter
Creators: name: Lazarides, George
name: Shafi, Qaisar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a non-supersymmetric $SO(10)\times U(1)_{\rm PQ}$ axion model in which the spontaneous breaking of $U(1)_{\rm PQ}$ occurs after inflation, and the axion domain wall problem is resolved by employing the Lazarides-Shafi mechanism. This requires the introduction of two fermion 10-plets, such that the surviving discrete symmetry from the explicit $U(1)_{\rm PQ}$ breaking by QCD instantons is reduced from $Z_{12}$ to $Z_4$, where $Z_4$ coincides with the center of $SO(10)$ (more precisely $Spin(10)$). An unbroken $Z_2$ subgroup of $Z_4$ yields intermediate scale topologically stable strings, as well as a stable electroweak doublet non-thermal dark matter candidate from the fermion 10-plets with mass comparable to or somewhat smaller than the axion decay constant $f_{\rm a}$. We present an explicit realization with inflation taken into account and which also incorporates non-thermal leptogenesis. The fermion dark matter mass lies in the $3\times 10^{8}-10^{10}~{\rm GeV}$ range and its contribution to the relic dark matter abundance can be comparable to that from the axion.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures included, version to be published in Phys. Lett. B
Genetic correlates of vitamin D-binding protein and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in neonatal dried blood spots
Creators: name: Revez, Joana A.
name: Wray, Naomi R.
name: Agerbo, Esben
name: Mortensen, Preben Bo
name: Borbye-Lorenzen, Nis
name: Werge, Thomas
name: Bulik, Cynthia M.
name: Privé, Florian
name: Vilhjálmsson, Bjarni J.
name: Boelt, Sanne Grundvad
name: Skogstrand, Kristin
name: Musliner, Katherine L.
name: Børglum, Anders D.
name: Plana-Ripoll, Oleguer
name: Zhu, Zhihong
name: Albiñana, Clara
name: Nordentoft, Merete
name: Hougaard, David M.
name: McGrath, John J.
name: Cohen, Arieh S.
name: Petersen, Liselotte V.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2023

description: The vitamin D binding protein (DBP), encoded by the group-specific component (GC) gene, is a component of the vitamin D system. In a genome-wide association study of DBP concentration in 65,589 neonates we identify 26 independent loci, 17 of which are in or close to the GC gene, with fine-mapping identifying 2 missense variants on chromosomes 12 and 17 (within SH2B3 and GSDMA, respectively). When adjusted for GC haplotypes, we find 15 independent loci distributed over 10 chromosomes. Mendelian randomization analyses identify a unidirectional effect of higher DBP concentration and (a) higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration, and (b) a reduced risk of multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. A phenome-wide association study confirms that higher DBP concentration is associated with a reduced risk of vitamin D deficiency. Our findings provide valuable insights into the influence of DBP on vitamin D status and a range of health outcomes.
Aleurotulus mundururu Bondar 1923
Creators: name: Martin, Jon H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aleyrodidae
Aleurotulus
Aleurotulus mundururu

description: Aleurotulus mundururu Bondar
(Figs 42, 102–104)
 Aleurotulus mundururu Bondar, 1923: 131–132. Syntypes, Brazil.
DISTRIBUTION. Neotropical Region: Belize, Brazil, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guyana, Trinidad.
 COMMENTS. A. mundururu is one of a group of species with a distinct abdominal rhachis with lateral arms that are angled acutely posteriad, with very characteristic oblique cephalothoracic folds, a keeled longitudinal moulting suture, and with the mesometathoracic division much thickened submedially, intersecting the longitudinal moulting suture close to its confluence with the transverse moulting sutures (Fig. 42). A. mundururu does not possess a pair of cephalic setae; the metathoracic, eighth abdominal and caudal setal pairs are long and hair­like; the glands at the bases of the marginal teeth are evensized, each narrower than one tooth­base and not longer than wide. A. laneus (described above) is also a member of this group, differing from A. mundururu primarily in the possession of a pair of cephalic setae (Fig. 9), in the thickened nature of the cephalic and eighth abdominal setal pairs, and the nature of the marginal tooth­base glands.
 Some puparia of A. mundururu possess a series of apparent short folds, perpendicular to the puparial margin, leading mesad from the marginal tooth bases and effectively defining the submarginal zone (Figs 103–104). However, post­emergence pupal cases do not display this character (Fig. 102), and it appears to be an artifact of the developing adult insect inside the puparium.
 In addition to A. mundururu and A. laneus, one further member of the A. mundururu ­ group (Appendix 1) has been collected in Belize, and also in Nicaragua. The puparia of this species secrete distinct peripheral wax “stars”, and there are other taxonomic differences.
description: Published as part of Martin, Jon H., 2005, Whiteflies of Belize (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Part 2 - a review of the subfamily Aleyrodinae Westwood, pp. 1-116 in Zootaxa 1098 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1098.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5051548
Private supplementary tutoring in a Vancouver independent school
Creators: name: Gale, Trevor
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Private supplementary tutoring is an increasing part of the educational landscape in Canada. There is a great deal of literature from around the world investigating different aspects of the tutoring phenomenon, however there are not many studies utilizing recent Canadian data or focusing on how tutoring relates to a single institution or its implications for school administrations. This paper presents a detailed study of the use of tutoring in the senior division of a single independent school. A survey of parents provided data on gender, grade, citizenship, language spoken at home in relation to different subjects tutored, forms of tutoring, time spent tutoring and reasons for undertaking tutoring. The resulting data was analyzed and compared to the wider literature to identify patterns that were broadly similar to the studies for the wider Canadian experience, but with local variations specific to the school. The school on the whole had a higher rate of tutoring than the Canadian average. The time spent in tutoring increased with grade level and the pending examinations. The subjects being tutored were similar to those reported in studies from around the world. One-to-one tutoring was the most common method of receiving tutoring. Students from East Asian cultural backgrounds tended to have higher levels of tutoring in terms of the numbers of subjects and hours per week. The study provides an opportunity for school administrations to reflect on policy and procedures regarding tutoring and develop ways to support students who are accessing outside providers of tutoring services.
Economic potentials of the water hyacinth
Creators: name: Beckley Ikhajiagbe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60303 Biological Adaptation
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Techniques
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Botany

description: The review articles describes water hyacinth as a blessing in disguise in the Nigerian waterways
Η θρησκευτική ανεκτικότητα στην Παλαιά Διαθήκη από την εποχή των Πατριαρχών μέχρι την περίοδο του ενωμένου βασιλείου
Creators: name: Χριστάκη, Ειρήνη Γ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2021
Subjects: Θρησκευτική ανεκτικότητα
Πατριάρχες
Έξοδος
Κριτές
Ενωμένο βασίλειο
Religious tolerance
Patriarchs
Εxodus
Judges
United monarchy

description: Σκοπός της διατριβής ήταν η εξέταση της ύπαρξης ή όχι ειδωλολατρικής ή συγκρητιστικής συμπεριφοράς των Ισραηλιτών από την εποχή των Πατριαρχών μέχρι την περίοδο του ενωμένου βασιλείου κι του αν οι ίδιοι ή οι βιβλικοί συγγραφείς την αντιλαμβάνονταν έτσι, αλλά και του κατά πόσο οι Ισραηλίτες έδειχναν ανεκτικότητα απέναντι στη λατρεία των ξένων θεοτήτων, εντός και εκτός της κοινότητάς τους. Αρχικά, παρουσιάσαμε αναλυτικά το ιστορικό πλαίσιο των γεγονότων που περιγράφονται στη Βίβλο, αλλά και των συντακτών που τα κατέγραψαν, καθώς και των παραδόσεων απ’ όπου άντλησαν το υλικό τους. Στη συνέχεια, αναφερθήκαμε αναλυτικά στα χαρακτηριστικά της θρησκείας του Γιαχβέ την εκάστοτε εποχή και προσπαθήσαμε μέσα από φιλτράρισμα των βιβλικών διηγήσεων, των ελάχιστων εξωβιβλικών πηγών και της υπάρχουσας βιβλιογραφίας, να αναπλάσουμε –κατά το εφικτό– τα βιβλικά γεγονότα και, μέσα απ’ αυτά, να αποφανθούμε σχετικά με την ύπαρξη ή όχι θρησκευτικής ανεκτικότητας την εκάστοτε εποχή. Κατά την ανάπτυξη του θέματός μας, βασική πηγή αποτέλεσε το πρωτότυπο εβραϊκό κείμενο της Παλαιάς Διαθήκης που εκδόθηκε από τη Γερμανική Βιβλική Εταιρία στη Στουτγκάρδη το 1997, καθώς και η ελληνική μετάφρασή του την ίδια χρονιά από την Ελληνική Βιβλική Εταιρία. Όσον αφορά τη μεθοδολογία, ακολουθήσαμε την ιστορικοκριτική μέθοδο.
description: The purpose of the the present thesis was to examine the existence or not of pagan or syncretistic behavior by the Israelites from the patriarchal age to the period of the united monarchy and whether they or the biblical authors perceived it that way, but also whether the Israelites showed tolerance in the worship of foreign deities, inside and outside their community. First, we presented in detail the historical context of the events described in the Bible, but also of the authors who recorded them, as well as the traditions from which they drew their material. Then, we discussed in detail the characteristics of Yahweh's religion at each time and tried by filtering the biblical narratives, the few extra-biblical sources and the existing bibliography, to reconstruct - as far as possible - the biblical events and, through them, to decide on the existence or not of religious tolerance in relation to each period. During the development of our subject, the main source was the original Hebrew text of the Old Testament published by the German Bible Society in Stuttgart in 1997, as well as its Greek translation the same year by the Greek Bible Society. In terms of methodology, we followed the historical-critical method.
Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Order-dispatching via Order-Vehicle Distribution Matching
Creators: name: Zhou, Ming
name: Jin, Jiarui
name: Zhang, Weinan
name: Qin, Zhiwei
name: Jiao, Yan
name: Wang, Chenxi
name: Wu, Guobin
name: Yu, Yong
name: Ye, Jieping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Improving the efficiency of dispatching orders to vehicles is a research hotspot in online ride-hailing systems. Most of the existing solutions for order-dispatching are centralized controlling, which require to consider all possible matches between available orders and vehicles. For large-scale ride-sharing platforms, there are thousands of vehicles and orders to be matched at every second which is of very high computational cost. In this paper, we propose a decentralized execution order-dispatching method based on multi-agent reinforcement learning to address the large-scale order-dispatching problem. Different from the previous cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning algorithms, in our method, all agents work independently with the guidance from an evaluation of the joint policy since there is no need for communication or explicit cooperation between agents. Furthermore, we use KL-divergence optimization at each time step to speed up the learning process and to balance the vehicles (supply) and orders (demand). Experiments on both the explanatory environment and real-world simulator show that the proposed method outperforms the baselines in terms of accumulated driver income (ADI) and Order Response Rate (ORR) in various traffic environments. Besides, with the support of the online platform of Didi Chuxing, we designed a hybrid system to deploy our model.
description: 9 pages,13 figures
High monoclonal neutralization titers reduced breakthrough HIV-1 viral loads in the Antibody Mediated Prevention trials
Creators: name: Williamson, Carolyn
name: Schiffer, Joshua T.
name: Reeves, Daniel B.
name: deCamp, Allan C.
name: Huang, Yunda
name: Mayer, Bryan T.
name: Mullins, James I.
name: Orrell, Catherine
name: Seaton, Kelly E.
name: Casapia, Martin
name: Sobieszczyk, Magdalena E.
name: Carpp, Lindsay N.
name: Juraska, Michal
name: Tomaras, Georgia D.
name: Andrew, Philip
name: Naidoo, Logashvari
name: Ledgerwood, Julie E.
name: Zhang, Bo
name: Cohen, Myron S.
name: Rossenkhan, Raabya
name: Morris, Lynn
name: Montefiori, David C.
name: Edlefsen, Paul
name: Mkhize, Nonhlanhla N.
name: Corey, Lawrence
name: Gilbert, Peter B.
name: Bar, Katharine J.
name: Karuna, Shelly T.
name: Magaret, Craig A.
name: Goepfert, Paul A.
name: Edupuganti, Srilatha
name: Mgodi, Nyaradzo
name: Cardozo-Ojeda, E. Fabian
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2023

description: The Antibody Mediated Prevention (AMP) trials (NCT02716675 and NCT02568215) demonstrated that passive administration of the broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody VRC01 could prevent some HIV-1 acquisition events. Here, we use mathematical modeling in a post hoc analysis to demonstrate that VRC01 influenced viral loads in AMP participants who acquired HIV. Instantaneous inhibitory potential (IIP), which integrates VRC01 serum concentration and VRC01 sensitivity of acquired viruses in terms of both IC50 and IC80, follows a dose-response relationship with first positive viral load (p = 0.03), which is particularly strong above a threshold of IIP = 1.6 (r = -0.6, p = 2e-4). Mathematical modeling reveals that VRC01 activity predicted from in vitro IC80s and serum VRC01 concentrations overestimates in vivo neutralization by 600-fold (95% CI: 300–1200). The trained model projects that even if future therapeutic HIV trials of combination monoclonal antibodies do not always prevent acquisition, reductions in viremia and reservoir size could be expected.
Advances and prospects for the Human BioMolecular Atlas Program (HuBMAP)
Creators: name: Spraggins, Jeffrey M.
name: Laurent, Louise C.
name: Kelleher, Neil L.
name: Liu, Huiping
name: Qian, Wei-Jun
name: Zhou, Mowei
name: Pei, Liming
name: Jain, Sanjay
name: Van de Plas, Raf
name: Lin, Yiing
name: Lin, Shin
name: Börner, Katy
name: Hickey, John W.
name: Nakayasu, Ernesto S.
name: Angelo, Michael
name: Ginty, Fiona
name: Vlachos, Ioannis S.
name: Snyder, Michael P.
name: Radtke, Andrea
name: Stockwell, Brent R.
name: Gehlenborg, Nils
name: Carson, James P.
name: Robson, Paul
name: Hagood, James S.
name: Gonçalves, Joana P.
name: Naba, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2023

description: The Human BioMolecular Atlas Program (HuBMAP) aims to create a multi-scale spatial atlas of the healthy human body at single-cell resolution by applying advanced technologies and disseminating resources to the community. As the HuBMAP moves past its first phase, creating ontologies, protocols and pipelines, this Perspective introduces the production phase: the generation of reference spatial maps of functional tissue units across many organs from diverse populations and the creation of mapping tools and infrastructure to advance biomedical research.
Crystalline electric field effects in the electrical resistivity of PrOs$_4$Sb$_{12}$
Creators: name: Frederick, N. A.
name: Maple, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temperature $T$ and magnetic field $H$ dependencies of the electrical resistivity $ρ$ of the recently discovered heavy fermion superconductor \PrOsSb{} have features that are associated with the splitting of the Pr$^{3+}$ Hund's rule multiplet by the crystalline electric field (CEF). These features are apparently due to magnetic exchange and aspherical Coulomb scattering from the thermally populated CEF-split Pr$^{3+}$ energy levels. The $ρ(T)$ data in zero magnetic field can be described well by calculations based on CEF theory for various ratios of magnetic exchange and aspherical Coulomb scattering, and yield CEF parameters that are qualitatively consistent with those previously derived from magnetic susceptibility, specific heat, and inelastic neutron scattering measurements. Calculated $ρ(H)$ isotherms for a $Γ_{3}$ ground state qualitatively account for the `dome-shaped' feature in the measured $ρ(H)$ isotherms.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
Mode coupling in the nonlinear response of black holes
Creators: name: Zlochower, Yosef
name: Gomez, Roberto
name: Husa, Sascha
name: Lehner, Luis
name: Winicour, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of the outgoing gravitational wave produced when a non-spinning black hole is excited by an ingoing gravitational wave. Simulations using a numerical code for solving Einstein's equations allow the study to be extended from the linearized approximation, where the system is treated as a perturbed Schwarzschild black hole, to the fully nonlinear regime. Several nonlinear features are found which bear importance to the data analysis of gravitational waves. When compared to the results obtained in the linearized approximation, we observe large phase shifts, a stronger than linear generation of gravitational wave output and considerable generation of radiation in polarization states which are not found in the linearized approximation. In terms of a spherical harmonic decomposition, the nonlinear properties of the harmonic amplitudes have simple scaling properties which offer an economical way to catalog the details of the waves produced in such black hole processes.
description: 17 pages, 20 figures, abstract and introduction re-written
Meso-economic filters along the policy chain: understanding the links between policy reforms and rural poverty in latin America
Creators: name: Zezza, Alberto
name: Llambí, Luis
name: Zezza, Alberto
name: Llambí, Luis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Security and Poverty

description: The policy reforms introduced in Latin America in the 1980s and 1990s have induced profound and beneficial changes in the overall productive structure of most Latin American countries, and particularly concerning the increased competitiveness and profitability of some agro-export activities. Yet, even if a relatively stable macroeconomic environment has been achieved, agricultural price distortions have been removed, and inefficient governmental agencies serving the sector have been dismantled, high levels of rural poverty remain in the region. What went wrong? How have the intended impacts of the reforms been transmitted to the rural sector, and how have farmers responded to the newly created incentive structure, and how has this influenced the observed poverty outcomes?The paper is organised into four parts. Part one provides stylised background information about policy reforms and rural poverty outcomes in Latin America. In the second part two main bodies of literature are reviewed: a) the 'meso-economy' level of market mechanisms, institutional arrangements, and the administrative procedures mediating the 'public' provision of goods and services; and b) the 'micro-economy' level of rural farm household models. In the third part, the insights provided by these two bodies of literature are used to develop an analytical framework integrating the macro-economy to agricultural household models, as mediated by the mesoeconomy links. Finally, in the fourth part some policy implications are drawn and research guidelines proposed.
description: FAO Document Repository: http://www.fao.org/3/a-ae027t.pdf
Additional file 1 of Equivalent change enrichment analysis: assessing equivalent and inverse change in biological pathways between diverse experiments
Creators: name: Thompson, Jeffrey
name: Koestler, Devin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Material: contains additional figures showing the results of the simulation when using varying probabilities of equivalent or inverse change.
Observation of Apparently Zero-Conductance States in Corbino Samples
Creators: name: Yang, C. L.
name: Zudov, M. A.
name: Knuuttila, T. A.
name: Du, R. R.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: West, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Corbino samples we have observed oscillatory conductance in a high-mobility two-dimensional electron system subjected to crossed microwave and magnetic fields. On the strongest of the oscillation minima the conductance is found to be vanishingly small, possibly indicating an insulating state associated with these minima.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, RevTex4
Is it possible to avoid a lemon? Reflections on choosing a poverty mapping method
Creators: name: Davis, Benjamin
name: Davis, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: Poverty and food security in most countries are highly heterogeneous phenomena. Both types and depth of poverty, measured in a variety of ways, vary between and within countries, regions or other geographic and administrative units. Poverty mapping in all its various forms involves techniques which permit sufficient disaggregation of a poverty measure to local administrative levels or small geographical units. All poverty mapping techniques imply alternative schemes for weighting a particular poverty index, and may imply alternative rankings by poverty of the chosen unit. The methodologies utilized are diverse, from participatory poverty profiles to sophisticated econometric techniques, and most are under continuing development. Each of these has different data requirements and implementation costs, and different advantages and disadvantages in their use. The themes of statistical error and possible bias are key issues in poverty mapping.The purpose of this paper is to discuss the relevance of and options in poverty and food security mapping for analysis and policy design and implementation in the rural sector of developing countries. We present and compare a large selection of the alternative poverty and food security mapping methodologies in use, in order to provide some guidance as to the possibilities and appropriateness of these methodologies for different policy applications. We do this by studying in detail a number of applications of poverty mapping to policy questions.
description: FAO Document Repository: http://www.fao.org/3/a-ae026t.pdf
Molecular Weights of Polyethyleneimine-Dependent Physicochemical Tuning of Gold Nanoparticles and FRET-Based Turn-On Sensing of Polymyxin B
Creators: name: Narayan, Roger J.
name: Tiwari, Atul Kumar
name: Gupta, Munesh Kumar
name: Meena, Ramovatar
name: Pandey, Prem C.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2024

description: Environmental monitoring and the detection of antibiotic contaminants require expensive and time-consuming techniques. To overcome these challenges, gold nanoparticle-mediated fluorometric "turn-on" detection of Polymyxin B (PMB) in an aqueous medium was undertaken. The molecular weight of polyethyleneimine (PEI)-dependent physicochemical tuning of gold nanoparticles (PEI@AuNPs) was achieved and employed for the same. The three variable molecular weights of branched polyethyleneimine (MW 750, 60, and 1.3 kDa) molecules controlled the nano-geometry of the gold nanoparticles along with enhanced stabilization at room temperature. The synthesized gold nanoparticles were characterized through various advanced techniques. The results revealed that polyethyleneimine-stabilized gold nanoparticles (PEI@AuNP-1-3) were 4.5, 7.0, and 52.5 nm in size with spherical shapes, and the zeta potential values were 29.9, 22.5, and 16.6 mV, respectively. Accordingly, the PEI@AuNPs probes demonstrated high sensitivity and selectivity, with a linear relationship curve over a concentration range of 1-6 μM for polymyxin B. The limit of detection (LOD) was calculated as 8.5 nM. This is the first unique report of gold nanoparticle nano-geometry-dependent FRET-based turn-on detection of PMB in an aqueous medium. We believe that this approach would offer a complementary strategy for the development of a highly sophisticated and advanced sensing system for PMB and act as a template for the development of new nanomaterial-based engineered sensors for rapid antibiotic detection in environmental as well as biological samples.
The sex-specific effects of diet quality versus quantity on morphology in Drosophila melanogaster
Creators: name: Shingleton, Alexander
name: JR Masandika
name: LS Thorsen
name: Y Zhu
name: CK Mirth
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Variation in the quality and quantity of nutrition is a major contributor to phenotypic variation in animal populations. Although we know much of how dietary restriction impacts phenotype, and of the molecular-genetic and physiological mechanisms that underlie this response, we know much less of the effects of dietary imbalance. Specifically, although dietary imbalance and restriction both reduce overall body size, it is unclear whether both have the same effect on the size of individual traits. Here, we use the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster to explore the effect of dietary food versus protein-to-carbohydrate ratio on body proportion and trait size. Our results indicate that body proportion and trait size respond differently to changes in diet quantity (food concentration) versus diet quality (protein-to-carbohydrate ratio), and that these effects are sex specific. While these differences suggest that Drosophila use at least partially distinct developmental mechanisms to respond to diet quality versus quantity, further analysis indicates that the responses can be largely explained by the independent and contrasting effects of protein and carbohydrate concentration on trait size. Our data highlight the importance of considering macronutrient composition when elucidating the effect of nutrition on trait size, at the levels of both morphology and developmental physiology.