cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mass loss rates of a sample of irregular and semiregular M-type AGB-variables
Creators: name: Olofsson, H.
name: Delgado, D. Gonzalez
name: Kerschbaum, F.
name: Schoeier, F. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have determined mass loss rates and gas expansion velocities for a sample of 69 M-type irregular (IRV; 22 objects) and semiregular (SRV; 47 objects) AGB-variables using a radiative transfer code to model their circumstellar CO radio line emission. We believe that this sample is representative for the mass losing stars of this type. The (molecular hydrogen) mass loss rate distribution has a median value of 2.0E-7 solar masses per year. M-type IRVs and SRVs with a mass loss rate in excess of 5E-7 solar masses per year must be very rare, and among these mass losing stars the number of sources with mass loss rates below a few 10E-8 solar masses per year must be small. We find no significant difference between the IRVs and the SRVs in terms of their mass loss characteristics. Among the SRVs the mass loss rate shows no dependence on the period. Likewise the mass loss rate shows no correlation with the stellar temperature. The gas expansion velocity distribution has a median of 7.0 km/s. The mass loss rate and the gas expansion velocity correlate well, a result in line with theoretical predictions for an optically thin, dust-driven wind. In general, the model produces line profiles which acceptably fit the observed ones. We have compared the results of this M-star sample with a similar C-star sample analysed in the same way. The mass loss rate characteristics are very similar for the two samples. On the contrary, the gas expansion velocity distributions are clearly different. In particular, the number of low-velocity sources is much higher in the M-star sample. We found no example of the sharply double-peaked CO line profile, which is evidence of a large, detached CO-shell, among the M-stars. About 10% of the C-stars show this phenomenon.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, accepted by A&A
Prognostic factors for patients with multiple myeloma admitted to the intensive care unit
Creators: name: Xiangwen Diao
name: Ruibin Cai
name: Jieyu Luo
name: Zhiwei Zheng
name: Zhan, Hong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Objectives: This study aimed to analyze clinical characteristics and outcomes of critically ill patients with multiple myeloma (MM) admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and identify predictors of poor short-term prognosis. Methods: Data for patients with MM admitted to the ICU were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III database. The risk factors leading to the ICU and hospital mortality were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results: Of 126 patients identified, 17 (13.5%) and 37 (29.4%) died in the ICU and hospital, respectively. Patients with ICU mortality showed higher median blood urea nitrogen (57.0 vs. 29.0) and poorer Acute Physiology Scores (APS, 70.0 vs. 46.0) than did surviving patients on the day of ICU admission. In-ICU deceased patients had higher proportion of mechanical ventilation (64.7% vs. 26.6%) and vasopressor use (64.7% vs. 17.4%) at admission and positive pathogenic culture during ICU stay (58.8% vs. 19.3%). The APS and positive pathogenic culture were independent prognostic factors for ICU mortality, while risk factors for hospital mortality included higher APS and relapsed/refractory disease. Conclusion: The short-term prognoses for patients with MM admitted to the ICU were mainly determined by the severity of organ failure, infection, and disease status.
title: Supporting the differential diagnosis of connective tissue diseases with neurological involvement by blood and cerebrospinal fluid flow cytometry
Creators: name: Heming, Michael Oleg
name: Müller‑Miny, Louisa
name: Rolfes, Leoni
name: Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Andreas
name: Brix, Tobias
name: Varghese, Julian
name: Pawlitzki, Marc
name: Pavenstädt, Hermann-Joseph
name: Kriegel, Martin
name: Gross, Catharina C.
name: Wiendl, Heinz
name: Meyer zu Hörste, Gerd
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Objective: Neurological manifestations of autoimmune connective tissue diseases (CTD) are poorly understood and difficult to diagnose. We here aimed to address this shortcoming by studying immune cell compositions in CTD patients with and without neurological manifestation. Methods: Using flow cytometry, we retrospectively investigated paired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood samples of 28 CTD patients without neurological manifestation, 38 CTD patients with neurological manifestation (N-CTD), 38 non-inflammatory controls, and 38 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, a paradigmatic primary neuroinflammatory disease. Results: We detected an expansion of plasma cells in the blood of both N-CTD and CTD compared to non-inflammatory controls and MS. Blood plasma cells alone distinguished the clinically similar entities N-CTD and MS with high discriminatory performance (AUC: 0.81). Classical blood monocytes indicated higher disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Surprisingly, immune cells in the CSF did not differ significantly between N-CTD and CTD, while CD4+ T cells and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio were elevated in the blood of N-CTD compared to CTD. Several B cell-associated parameters partially overlapped in the CSF in MS and N-CTD. We built a machine learning model that distinguished N-CTD from MS with high discriminatory power using either blood or CSF.
Conclusion: We here find that blood flow cytometry alone surprisingly suffices to distinguish CTD with neurological manifestations from clinically similar entities, suggesting that a rapid blood test could support clinicians in the differential diagnosis of N-CTD.
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley, Springer oder Elsevier 2019–2023.
Scrobipalpa artemisiella
Creators: name: Junnilainen, Jari
name: Karsholt, Ole
name: Nupponen, Kari
name: Kaitila, Jari-Pekka
name: Nupponen, Timo
name: Olschwang, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Scrobipalpa
Scrobipalpa artemisiella

description: Scrobipalpa artemisiella (Treitschke, 1833)
Ajat River 2–5. VII.1997; Arkaim 15–18.VI.1996, 8–9.VII.1997; Burannoe 29.VII.2000, 6.VIII.2005; Chalk Hills 3–5.VI.1998, 21.VI.1999, 30–31.VIII.2000, 26.V.2004, 5.VIII.2005; Guberlja 25. VI.2003; Kidriasovo 29. V.1998; Kizilskoye 26. VII.2000; Kuvandyk 13. VI.1998; Miass 26. VI.1997; Moskovo 11. VII.1998; Novoiletzk 8–9. VI.1998; Shkunovka 1.IX.2000; Uchaly 25. VII.2000; Verbljushka 30. V –2. VI., 11. VI., 15. VII.1998, 13. V., 18.VI.1999, 28.VII.2000, 9.IX.2002, 27.VI.2003, 31.VII.2005. A total of 57 exx. Genitalia slides: Hendriksen: 2811, 2969, 2974, 3992.
 Distribution. Widely distributed throughout Europe. Outside Europe from Turkey and Syria through the Caucasus and C Asia to Irkutsk province and Mongolia (Povolný 2002). Also recorded from North America, but the occurrence there requires confirmation.
description: Published as part of Junnilainen, Jari, Karsholt, Ole, Nupponen, Kari, Kaitila, Jari-Pekka, Nupponen, Timo & Olschwang, Vladimir, 2010, The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part II: list of recorded species with taxonomic notes (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 2367, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2367 (1) on page 46, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2367.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10093655
Forces Facing the Future of Kenyan Agriculture
Creators: name: Mwangi, W.M.
name: Mwangi, W.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Agribusiness
International Development

description: Kenya's population growth rate of 4 percent per year 1s considered to be the single most important force that will face the future of Kenyan agriculture. This paper attempts to show that the high population growth rate will result in land scarcity and lack of employment and food.
COMBINED STEERING AND ACCELERATION OPTIMIZED CONTROLLER FOR AN AUTONOMOUS GROUND VEHICLE
Creators: name: Dawood, Murad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90203 Automotive Mechatronics
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 90602 Control Systems, Robotics and Automation
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 90299 Automotive Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: 91303 Autonomous Vehicles

description: Autonomous driving has been a fast growing industry in the last decade mainly because of the improved processing capabilities of nowadays computers and moreover to increase the safety of transportation of passengers. Still withthe current sophisticated processing tools, the computational burden of the nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) in MIMO systems is still hindering further implementation in real time applications such as fully self-driving vehicles. We tackle this issue by developing a controller that is able to guide the vehicle through acceleration and steering to track a predefined path accurately while paying attention to the comfort of the passengers and moreover capable of running in real time. CaSAdi is used to formulate and solve the NMPC problem. MATLAB simulations show the effectiveness of the developed controller.
What moderates salivary markers of inflammation reactivity to stress? A descriptive report and meta-regression
Creators: name: Slavish, Danica C.
name: Szabo, Yvette Z.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Cardiology

description: As the assessment of salivary markers of inflammation gains popularity in stress research, understanding factors that influence these markers’ reactivity to stress is important. A recent meta-analysis synthesized literature on changes in salivary markers of inflammation in response to acute stressors in adults. As a supplement to this, we present pre-registered moderator analyses of salivary markers of inflammation responses to acute stress. Analyses included data from 27 studies (35 unique study samples). Outcomes were Cohen’s d effect sizes for salivary biomarkers interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), from pre- to post-stress. Moderators included: college education levels of the study sample; percent of the study sample that identified as African-American; body mass index (BMI); use of a resting baseline saliva sample; and use of a social evaluative stressor. Descriptive results on saliva sample timing were also examined. Biomarkers peaked 0–60 minutes after the end of the stressor. Before removing influential outliers, no moderators of salivary inflammation reactivity emerged, though not all moderators could be tested due to missing data. After removing one influential outlier study, higher study sample average BMI was associated with greater salivary IL-1β reactivity to stress (b = 0.41, p=.007). For every 1-unit increase in study sample average BMI, effect sizes for IL-1β increased by 0.41 units. These findings suggest BMI may be important to examine when assessing salivary markers of inflammation in response to stress. As this field expands, it is important to replicate these results and consider the role of other moderators of salivary markers of inflammation reactivity to stress.
On the effect of heterovalent substitutions in ruthenocuprates
Creators: name: Klamut, P. W.
name: Dabrowski, B.
name: Mini, S. M.
name: Maxwell, M.
name: Mais, J.
name: Felner, I.
name: Asaf, U.
name: Ritter, F.
name: Shengelaya, A.
name: Khasanov, R.
name: Savic, I. M.
name: Keller, H.
name: Wisniewski, A.
name: Puzniak, R.
name: Fita, I. M.
name: Sulkowski, C.
name: Matusiak, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the properties of superconducting derivatives of the RuSr2GdCu2O8 (1212-type) ruthenocuprate, for which heterovalent doping has been achieved through partial substitution of Cu ions into the RuO2 planes (Ru1-xSr2GdCu2+xO8-d, 0Ru doping achieved in these phases is found to decrease the temperature for magnetic ordering as well the volume fraction of the magnetic phase.
description: Proceedings of the 3rd Polish-US Workshop on Magnetism and Superconductivity of Advanced Materials, July 14-19, 2002, Ladek Zdroj (Poland) to appear in Physica C
Scrobipalpa brahmiella
Creators: name: Junnilainen, Jari
name: Karsholt, Ole
name: Nupponen, Kari
name: Kaitila, Jari-Pekka
name: Nupponen, Timo
name: Olschwang, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Scrobipalpa
Scrobipalpa brahmiella

description: Scrobipalpa brahmiella (Heyden, 1862)
Chalk Hills 3–7.VI.1998; Verbljushka 30.V.1998, 24–31.V.2004; A total of 6♂♂. Genitalia slide Hendriksen: 2862, 5456.
 Other material studied: Russia, Volgograd oblast, 80 km NW Volgograd near Ilovla village, 2.VI.2001 (3♂♂), K. Nupponen leg.
 Distribution. C Europe from France to Slovakia, Lower Volga, S Ural.
 Remarks. This species is new to Russia.
description: Published as part of Junnilainen, Jari, Karsholt, Ole, Nupponen, Kari, Kaitila, Jari-Pekka, Nupponen, Timo & Olschwang, Vladimir, 2010, The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part II: list of recorded species with taxonomic notes (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 2367, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2367 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2367.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10093655
Quantum clocks and the temporal localisability of events in the presence of gravitating quantum systems
Creators: name: Castro-Ruiz, Esteban
name: Giacomini, Flaminia
name: Belenchia, Alessio
name: Brukner, Časlav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard formulation of quantum theory relies on a fixed space-time metric determining the localisation and causal order of events. In general relativity, the metric is influenced by matter, and is expected to become indefinite when matter behaves quantum mechanically. Here, we develop a framework to operationally define events and their localisation with respect to a quantum clock reference frame, also in the presence of gravitating quantum systems. We find that, when clocks interact gravitationally, the time localisability of events becomes relative, depending on the reference frame. This relativity is a signature of an indefinite metric, where events can occur in an indefinite causal order. Even if the metric is indefinite, for any event we can find a reference frame where local quantum operations take their standard unitary dilation form. This form is preserved when changing clock reference frames, yielding physics covariant with respect to quantum reference frame transformations.
description: 20+4 pages, 6 figures. Published version
Effects of timing on users' perceived control when interacting with intelligent systems
Creators: name: Yu, Guo
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: mixed initiative interaction
human-computer interaction
sense of control
entrainment
rhythmic agency
temporal expectation

description: This research relates to the usability of mixed-initiative interaction systems, in which actions can be initiated either through a choice by the user or through intelligent decisions taken by the system. The key issue addressed here is how to preserve the user's perceived control ("sense of agency'') when the control of the interaction is being transferred between the system and the user in a back-and-forth manner. Previous research in social psychology and cognitive neuroscience suggests timing is a factor that can influence perceived control in such back-and-forth interactions. This dissertation explores the hypothesis that in mixed-initiative interaction, a predictable interaction rhythm can preserve the user's sense of control and enhance their experience during a task (e.g. higher confidence in task performance, stronger temporal alignment, lower perceived levels of stress and effort), whereas irregular interaction timing can have the opposite effect. Three controlled experiments compare alternative rhythmic strategies when users interact with simple visual stimuli, simple auditory stimuli, and a more realistic assisted text labelling task. The results of all three experiments support the hypothesis that a predictable interaction rhythm is beneficial in a range of interaction modalities and applications. This research contributes to the field of human-computer interaction (HCI) in four ways. Firstly, it builds novel connections between existing theories in cognitive neuroscience, social psychology and HCI, highlighting how rhythmic temporal structures can be beneficial to the user's experience: particularly, their sense of control. Secondly, it establishes timing as a crucial design resource for mixed-initiative interaction, and provides empirical evidence of how the user's perceived control and other task experiences (such as reported levels of confidence, stress and effort) can be influenced by the manipulation of timing. Thirdly, it provides quantitative measures for the user's entrainment behaviours that are applicable to a wide range of interaction timescales. Lastly, it contextualises the design of timing in a realistic application scenario and offers insights to the design of general end-user automation and decision support tools.
description: Cambridge Commonwealth European and International Trust Scholarship Cambridge Philosophical Society research studentship Gonville & Caius College hardship grant China Scholarship Council (CSC) (The agreement with CSC has been officially cancelled on 28 December 2017.)
4C/ID in medical education: How to design an educational program based on whole-task learning: AMEE Guide No. 93
Creators: name: Vandewaetere, Mieke
name: Manhaeve, Dominique
name: Aertgeerts, Bert
name: Clarebout, Geraldine
name: Merriënboer, Jeroen J. G. Van
name: Roex, Ann
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Medical education increasingly stresses that medical students should be prepared to take up multiple roles as a health professional. This requires the integrated acquisition of multiple competences such as clinical reasoning and decision making, communication skills and management skills. To promote such complex learning, instructional design has focused on the use of authentic, real-life learning tasks that students perform in a real or simulated task environment. The four-component instructional design model (4C/ID) model is an instructional design model that starts from the use of such tasks and provides students with a variety of learning tools facilitating the integrated acquisition of knowledge, skills and attitudes. In what follows, we guide the reader on how to implement educational programs based on the 4C/ID model and illustrate this with an example from general practice education. The developed learning environment is in line with the whole-task approach, where a learning domain is considered as a coherent, integrated whole and where teaching progresses from offering relatively simple, but meaningful, authentic whole tasks to more complex tasks. We describe the steps that were taken, from prototype over development to implementation, to build five learning modules (patient with diabetes; the young child with fever; axial skeleton; care for the elderly and physically undefined symptoms) that all focus on the integrated acquisition of the Canadian Medical Education Directives for Specialists roles in general practice. Furthermore, a change cycle for educational innovation is described that encompasses practice-based challenges and pitfalls about the collaboration between different stakeholders (students, developers and teachers) and the transition from traditional, fragmented and classroom-based learning to integrated and blended learning based on sound instructional design principles.
Gamma-Ray Spectral Variability of Cygnus X-1
Creators: name: McConnell, M. L.
name: Bennett, K.
name: Bloemen, H.
name: Collmar, W.
name: Hermsen, W.
name: Kuiper, L.
name: Paciesas, W.
name: Phlips, B.
name: Poutanen, J.
name: Ryan, J. M.
name: Schoenfelder, V.
name: Steinle, H.
name: Strong, A. W.
name: Zdziarski, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used observations from CGRO to study the variation in the MeV emission of Cygnus X-1 between its low and high X-ray states. These data provide a measurement of the spectral variability above 1 MeV. The high state MeV spectrum is found to be much harder than that of the low state MeV spectrum. In particular, the power-law emission seen at hard X-ray energies in the high state spectrum (with a photon spectral index of 2.6) is found to extend out to at least 5 MeV, with no evidence for any cutoff. Here we present the data and describe our efforts to model both the low state and high state spectra using a hybrid thermal/nonthermal model in which the emission results from the Comptonization of an electron population that consists of both a thermal and nonthermal component.
description: 5 pages, submitted to the proceedings of the GAMMA 2001 High Energy Astrophysics Symposium (Baltimore, April 4-6, 2001)
A Multifrequency Analysis of the Polarized Diffuse Galactic Radio Emission at Degree Scales
Creators: name: Burigana, C.
name: La Porta, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polarized diffuse Galactic radio emission, mainly synchrotron emission, is expected to be one of the most relevant source of astrophysical contamination at low and moderate multipoles in cosmic microwave background polarization anisotropy experiments at frequencies lower then 50 to 100 GHz. We present here preliminary results based on a recent analysis of the Leiden surveys covering about 50% of the sky at low as well as at middle and high Galactic latitudes. By implementing specific interpolation methods to deal with these data, which show a large variation of the sampling across the sky, we produce maps of the polarized diffuse Galactic synchrotron component at frequencies between 408 and 1411 MHz with pixel sizes larger or equal to about 0.92 degrees. We derive the angular power spectrum of this component for the whole covered region and for three patches in the sky significantly oversampled with respect to the average and at different Galactic latitudes. We find multipole spectral indices typically ranging between about -3 and about -1, according to the considered frequency and sky region. At frequencies higher or equal to 610 MHz, the frequency spectral indices observed in the considered sky regions are about -3.5, compatible with an intrinsic frequency spectral index of about -5.8 and a depolarization due to Faraday rotation with a rotation measure RM of about 15 radians per square meter. This implies that the observed angular power spectrum of the polarized signal is about 85% or 20% of the intrinsic one at 1411 MHz or 820 MHz respectively.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. to appear in S.Cecchini et al., Astrophysical Polarized Backgrounds, AIP Conf. Proceedings
On the heavy Majorana neutrino and light sneutrino contribution to \bm{$e^{-}e^{-} \to \ell^{-} \ell^{-}$}, (\bm{$\ell=μ,τ)$}
Creators: name: Cannoni, M.
name: Kolb, St.
name: Panella, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cross section for the reaction $e^{-}e^{-} \to \ell^-\ell^-$ ($\ell=μ,τ$) is calculated in models with heavy Majorana neutrinos mediating lepton number violating amplitudes at the loop level. The contributing four-point functions are evaluated exactly (numerically) taking into account the full propagator dependence on external momenta, thereby extending %an earlier approximate low energy calculation to the energy range of interest for the next linear colliders an earlier approximate low energy calculation. The amplitude shows a non-decoupling behaviour relative to the heavy Majorana neutrino masses, but due to the stringent bounds on heavy-light mixing the signal cross section attains observable values only for the less constrained $τ$ signal. The cross section induced by lepton number violation in the $SU(2)_L$ doublet sneutrino sector of supersymmetric extensions of the standard model is constrained by the upper limits on neutrino masses and probably too tiny to be observable.
description: Revtex 4, 5 figures
On the structure of exchangeable extreme-value copulas
Creators: name: Mai, Jan-Frederik
name: Scherer, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show that the set of $d$-variate symmetric stable tail dependence functions, uniquely associated with exchangeable $d$-dimensional extreme-value copulas, is a simplex and determine its extremal boundary. The subset of elements which arises as $d$-margins of the set of $(d+k)$-variate symmetric stable tail dependence functions is shown to be proper for arbitrary $k \geq 1$. Finally, we derive an intuitive and useful necessary condition for a bivariate extreme-value copula to arise as bi-margin of an exchangeable extreme-value copula of arbitrarily large dimension, and thus to be conditionally iid.
Theory of charge transport in diffusive normal metal / conventional superconductor point contacts
Creators: name: Tanaka, Y.
name: Golubov, A. A.
name: Kashiwaya, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tunneling conductance in diffusive normal metal / insulator / s-wave superconductor (DN/I/S) junctions is calculated for various situations by changing the magnitudes of the resistance and Thouless energy in DN and the transparency of the insulating barrier. The generalized boundary condition introduced by Yu. Nazarov [Superlattices and Microstructures 25 1221 (1999)] is applied, where the ballistic theory by Blonder Tinkham and Klapwijk (BTK) and the diffusive theory by Volkov Zaitsev and Klapwijk based on the boundary condition of Kupriyanov and Lukichev (KL) are naturally reproduced. It is shown that the proximity effect can enhance (reduce) the tunneling conductance for junctions with a low (high) transparency. A wide variety of dependencies of tunneling conductance on voltage bias is demonstrated including a $U$-shaped gap like structure, a zero bias conductance peak (ZBCP) and a zero bias conductance dip (ZBCD).
Africa's Growing Dependence on Imported Wheat
Creators: name: Shah, Mahendra
name: Fischer, Gunther
name: Kromer, Gerhard
name: Parikh, Kirit
name: Shah, Mahendra
name: Fischer, Gunther
name: Kromer, Gerhard
name: Parikh, Kirit
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Food Security and Poverty

description: Food production in many African countnes has in recent years not expanded fast enough to keep up with population growth. Dimimshmgself-sufficiency and food security and the consequent increase in food imports of many African countnes are causing great concern. Amongst all food items, wheat stands out as the one commodity whose influence in consumption seems to be growing rapidly This paper highlights the results of a detailed study investigating the underlying causes of past trends, estimating the ecological and econom1cally viable potential of ram fed wheat production m Africa, and outlining some aspects and possible consequences of different levels of international wheat prices and food aid on the agricultural sector as well as the nutritional level of African countries.
title: Es herrscht Krieg. Andrej Kurkovs Ukrainisches Tagebuch
Creators: name: Ost, Natalie
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst Slavistik
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Ukrainisches Tagebuch – Aufzeichnungen aus dem Herzen des Protests Kurkov, Andrij Jurijovyč
subject: 491.8

description: Wie oft hat man im letzten Jahr in den Medien gehört, dass der Konflikt in der Ukraine mit einem Sprachproblem zwischen ethnischen Russen und Ukrainern zusammenhängt. Andrej Kurkov, einer der bekanntesten ukrainischen Autoren, der die meisten seiner Bücher auf Russisch verfasst hat, zeigt in seinem “Ukrainischen Tagebuch” eindrücklich, dass es auf dem Majdan um etwas ganz anderes ging.
description: novinkigegengelesen
Implications of the upper bound on $\boldsymbol{h\toμ^+μ^-}$ on the baryon asymmetry of the Universe
Creators: name: Fuchs, Elina
name: Losada, Marta
name: Nir, Yosef
name: Viernik, Yehonatan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The upper bounds from the ATLAS and CMS experiments on the decay rate of the Higgs boson to two muons provide the strongest constraint on an imaginary part of the muon Yukawa coupling. This bound is more than an order of magnitude stronger than bounds from $\mathcal{CP}$-violating observables, specifically the electric dipole moment of the electron. It excludes a scenario $-$ which had been viable prior to these measurements $-$ that a complex muon Yukawa coupling is the dominant source of the baryon asymmetry. Even with this bound, the muon source can still contribute ${\cal O}(16\%)$ of the asymmetry.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Effects of social tolerance on stress: hair cortisol concentrations in the tolerant Tonkean macaques (Macaca tonkeana) and the despotic long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis)
Creators: name: Sadoughi, Baptiste
name: Lacroix, Laurent
name: Berbesque, Colette
name: Meunier, Hélène
name: Lehmann, Julia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Group living is a source of stress and an individuals’ social environment has been shown to have a significant effect on its health and well-being. However, little is known about how different social organizations affect the stress levels of their members. Is living in a hierarchical society more or less stressful than living in a more tolerant structure? Here, we assess cortisol concentrations in the hair of two macaque species with radically different dominance styles: the egalitarian Tonkean macaque (Macaca Tonkeana) and the despotic long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis). Hair was sampled in winter and again in late spring in two mixed-sex groups of 22 Tonkean macaques and 9 long-tailed macaques; Hair cortisol concentrations were significantly higher in the egalitarian Tonkean macaques than in the despotic long-tailed macaques, ranging from 161.13 to 938.8 pg/mg (mean ± SD 349.67 ± 126.22) and from 134.46 to 339.86 pg/mg (mean ± SD 231.2 ± 44.24), respectively. There was no difference between male and female cortisol concentrations, but hair cortisol increased with age in males. Dominance rank certainty was lower among female Tonkean macaques compared to long-tailed macaques. Our results suggest that species differences in dominance styles may translate into differences in long-term cortisol concentrations. We suggest that the higher cortisol concentrations in Tonkean macaques could be linked to the instability and lack of predictability and control around social relationships. Being part of a social group can be very stressful, depending on the social structure of this group. We found that the more socially tolerant Tonkean macaques exhibited on average higher hair cortisol concentrations than more despotic long-tailed macaques. Males and females exhibited similar concentrations of hair cortisol in both species, but in male Tonkean macaques concentrations increased with age. The finding that overall cortisol levels were higher in the more tolerant species suggests that psychological arousal due to unpredictable social relations and mating competition may be an important driver of cortisol release in this species despite its overall tolerant social organization.
Scrobipalpa bryophiloides Povolny 1966
Creators: name: Junnilainen, Jari
name: Karsholt, Ole
name: Nupponen, Kari
name: Kaitila, Jari-Pekka
name: Nupponen, Timo
name: Olschwang, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Scrobipalpa
Scrobipalpa bryophiloides

description: Scrobipalpa bryophiloides Povolný, 1966
Burannoe 30.VII.2000, 12.V.2005; Chalk Hills 3–7.VI.1998, 27.V.2004, 8–9.V.2005; Guberlja 25– 26.VI.2003; Kidriasovo 28–29.V.1998; Kizilskoye 27.V.1998; Sanarskii bor 26.VII.1998; Verbljushka. 18.VI.1999, 29.VII.2000, 27.VIII.2000, 27–28.VI.2003, 16.VI.2004, 1.VIII.2005. A total of 27 exx. Genitalia slides: Hendriksen: 3158, 5014, 5015, 5454, 5459. Three genitalia preparations preserved in glycerol.
 Distribution. Eastern Europe from Finland and Latvia through Ukraine to the Volga region and S Ural. Outside Europe from Turkey to the Middle East, Central Asia and Mongolia.
description: Published as part of Junnilainen, Jari, Karsholt, Ole, Nupponen, Kari, Kaitila, Jari-Pekka, Nupponen, Timo & Olschwang, Vladimir, 2010, The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part II: list of recorded species with taxonomic notes (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 2367, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2367 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2367.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10093655
Regulating interpersonal stress: the link between heart-rate variability, physical exercise and social perspective taking under stress
Creators: name: Kähkönen, Jenni E.
name: Krämer, Ulrike M.
name: Buades-Rotger, Macià
name: Beyer, Frederike
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Social interactions can be stressful, especially if they involve provocation or ambiguity. At the same time, such interactions necessitate social cognition. The question thus arises how stress affects social cognition and how personality attributes modulate this effect. The aim of the current study was to investigate the link between emotional reactivity, physical exercise, and social cognition under stress. As a measure of social cognition, we used spontaneous perspective taking, i.e., the degree to which participants represented the mental state of another agent. Studying young female participants, we investigated how physiological regulation, measured through resting heart-rate variability, is related to spontaneous social perspective taking under stress, and to predicted anger in an ambiguous social scenario. When controlling for resting heart rate, vagally mediated heart-rate variability was negatively correlated with the effect of stress on perspective taking, indicating that good physiological regulation supports social cognition under stress. Further, participants who reported to exercise at least once a week showed higher perspective taking under stress than less active participants. Finally, we found tentative evidence for participants who exercised regularly to show reduced predicted anger in response to an ambiguous provocation. Our findings suggest that good physiological regulation and regular physical exercise support social cognition under stress.
Two Qubit Quantum Computing in a Projected Subspace
Creators: name: Qiao, Bi
name: Ruda, H. E.
name: Zhan, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A formulation for performing quantum computing in a projected subspace is presented, based on the subdynamical kinetic equation (SKE) for an open quantum system. The eigenvectors of the kinetic equation are shown to remain invariant before and after interaction with the environment. However, the eigenvalues in the projected subspace exhibit a type of phase shift to the evolutionary states. This phase shift does not destroy the decoherence-free (DF) property of the subspace because the associated fidelity is 1. This permits a universal formalism to be presented - the eigenprojectors of the free part of the Hamiltonian for the system and bath may be used to construct a DF projected subspace based on the SKE. To eliminate possible phase or unitary errors induced by the change in the eigenvalues, a cancellation technique is proposed, using the adjustment of the coupling time, and applied to a two qubit computing system. A general criteria for constructing a DF projected subspace from the SKE is discussed. Finally, a proposal for using triangulation to realize a decoherence-free subsystem based on SKE is presented. The concrete formulation for a two-qubit model is given exactly. Our approach is novel and general, and appears applicable to any type of decoherence. Key Words: Quantum Computing, Decoherence, Subspace, Open System PACS number: 03.67.Lx,33.25.+k,.76.60.-k
description: 24 pages. accepted by Phys. Rev. A
Initiation and Growth of Reaction in LLM-105
Creators: name: French, Sara
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: impact sensitiveness
shock sensitivity
LLM-105
particle size

description: The aim of the research conducted in this thesis was to understand the behaviour of LLM-105, a new explosive material, when subjected to impact. Explosive reactivity under impact can be thought of in terms of safety (sensitiveness) and response to shock loading (sensitivity). The experimental work presented addresses both regimes, using hot-spot theory to support the observations made. The literature review discusses material properties that contribute to changes in sensitivity. This motivated modification of LLM-105 to provide different particle sizes and morphologies for assessment and comparison with other explosives. Impact sensitiveness is of particular interest for LLM-105 as there are some discrepancies in the literature data, owing to different methods being used to assess it in different countries and laboratories. Improved methods for characterising impact sensitiveness had to be developed in order to fully evaluate the LLM-105, enhancing a glass anvil drop-weight technique with multiple diagnostics, including high speed camera, mass spectrometer, photodiode and microphone. This equipment provided an ideal research tool for simultaneously assessing the reaction outputs of an explosive, and highlighted limitations of standard techniques used by industry. The characteristics of pristine and modified LLM-105 were evaluated using the drop-weight. It was found that particle size influenced reactive response, though presence of defects had a greater effect on initiation sensitiveness. Also, reaction growth was more strongly related to the particle shape and overall bulk density of the material, likely to be linked to packing efficiency of the particles. It was also found that LLM-105 was more sensitive to impact in general than previously thought, when compared to explosives such as HMX and TATB. The final chapter of this thesis examines LLM-105 behaviour under shock loading. LLM-105 was formulated with a fluoropolymer binder and detonated under a one dimensional shock regime with in-material gauge analysis. Data was acquired for two new LLM-105 formulations with respect to detonation velocity and growth of reaction within the explosive. The results showed that fine particle size LLM-105 has a shorter run distance to detonation than coarse, which is likely caused by the number of potential hot-spot sites available in voids within the pressed formulation.
Development of Large Irrigated Areas
Creators: name: Garrido, Leovigildo
name: Garrido, Leovigildo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This paper 1s a synthesis of studies in vanous irrigated areas in Spain. Agricultural development in large areas where major irrigation projects are carried out by the government is a complex problem. The change from dryland to wetland crops needs irrigation water, but many other factors are necessary for farmers to take advantage of all the possibilities irrigation can provide. The use of a new factor, according to the principle of the "package of practices," requires that simultaneously other factors be changed. One of the most important factors that determine the rate of adoption of irrigation is the increase in returns; the greater that increase, the greater the stimulus for change from dryland to wetland crops. Availability of credit to acquire the means of production needed for the intensification of crop farming is essential if farmers do not waste such funds. Another factor is the existence of marketing organizations, especially for marketing agricultural products. And the agranan structure of the zone has an influence on the process of irrigation adoption, especially the size of farms. Farmers' level of education, professional training, initiative, and dynamism, and the uncertainty mvolved in the change to wetland farmmg, whose techmcal and economic aspects are not famihar to farmers, have a great influence on irrigation adoption. The importance of these factors is manifest in the high rate of irrigat10n adoption 10 areas where some irrigated parcels existed pnor to the irrigation project
Technology Venture Assessment for Early-Stage Decisions
Creators: name: Zhao, Bingqing
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Technology Entrepreneurship
Technology Venturing
Early-Stage Business Evaluation
Entrepreneurial Decision-Making
Business Opportunity Assessment

description: This research aims to help technology entrepreneurs conduct effective assessments for three important early-stage decisions, namely: (1) whether to pursue a business opportunity, (2) which process to follow to define the launch product to get the business off the ground in the short term, and (3) how to strategically align technology and market development at the early stage to build competitive advantage in the longer term. As previous studies suggest that people make decisions based on judgements of certain questions, this research focuses on understanding: (a) what key questions technology do entrepreneurs consider and what underlying rationale do they follow when making the three focal decisions, and (b) how may technology entrepreneur conduct effective the key questions in an entrepreneurial environment? To understand these two main questions, the researcher selected case studies as the research method and interviewed 20 entrepreneurs from 17 technology-based firms, asking how they approached these three decisions at the early stage of their company’s development. Through case studies, this research (a) identified a set of key questions relating to each focal decision, and (b) proposed a method to help technology entrepreneurs achieve effective these questions. The findings were then developed into a tool to test with technology entrepreneurs and other stakeholders of technology entrepreneurship such as venture capitalists and incubator managers. Their positive feedback verified the main findings and highlighted a number of possible implications of this research. This research contributes to existing knowledge in both practical and theoretical perspectives. Practically, this research helps technology entrepreneurs conduct effective assessments for the three early-stage decisions. With respect to theoretical contributions, this research challenges conventional understandings of ‘what determines decision quality’ by claiming that high quality decisions do not depend principally on accurate answer to key questions, but rather require entrepreneurs’ appropriate understanding of the reliability of the answer they gave.
description: Cambridge Trust; CSC; RADMA; Clare College; Centre for Technology Management, IfM
Effects of boundary conditions on the dynamics of the solar convection zone
Creators: name: Tavakol, Reza
name: Covas, Eurico
name: Moss, David
name: Tworkowski, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent analyses of the helioseismic data have produced evidence for a variety of interesting dynamical behaviour associated with torsional oscillations. What is not so far clear is whether these oscillations extend all the way to the bottom of the convection zone and, if so, whether the oscillatory behaviour at the top and the bottom of the convection zone is different. Attempts have been made to understand such modes of behaviour within the framework of nonlinear dynamo models which include the nonlinear action of the Lorentz force of the dynamo generated magnetic field on the solar angular velocity. One aspect of these models that remains uncertain is the nature of the boundary conditions on the magnetic field. Here by employing a range of physically plausible boundary conditions, we show that for near-critical and moderately supercritical dynamo regimes, the oscillations extend all the way down to the bottom of the convection zone. Thus, such penetration is an extremely robust feature of the models considered. We also find parameter ranges for which the supercritical models show spatiotemporal fragmentation for a range of choices of boundary conditions. Given their observational importance, we also make a comparative study of the amplitude of torsional oscillations as a function of the boundary conditions.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures, submitted to A&A, also available at http://www.eurico.web.com
Scrobipalpa dorsoflava, comb. n.
Creators: name: Junnilainen, Jari
name: Karsholt, Ole
name: Nupponen, Kari
name: Kaitila, Jari-Pekka
name: Nupponen, Timo
name: Olschwang, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Scrobipalpa
Scrobipalpa dorsoflava

description: Scrobipalpa dorsoflava (Povolný, 1996) comb. n.
Moskovo 26.V.1998, 18–19.VI.1998, 2.VI.2004; Chalk Hills 25.V.2004. A total of 12 exx. Genitalia slides: Hendriksen 3179, 3180, 5472; Huemer: 02/1126, 02/1127.
 Distribution. Russia (S Ural) and Kirghizia.
 Remarks. This species is new to Russia.
description: Published as part of Junnilainen, Jari, Karsholt, Ole, Nupponen, Kari, Kaitila, Jari-Pekka, Nupponen, Timo & Olschwang, Vladimir, 2010, The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part II: list of recorded species with taxonomic notes (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 2367, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2367 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2367.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10093655