Hoplomachus toyoshious Larsen & Shimomura, 2006, n. sp.
Creators: name: Larsen, Kim
name: Shimomura, Michitaka
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Miridae
Hoplomachus
Hoplomachus toyoshious

description: Hoplomachus toyoshious n. sp.
(Figs 2–4)
Material examined
Holotype male (KMNH­IvR­700, 129), Station 7, 30 °15.00’N, 130°45.00’E, Southwest of Yakushima Island, East China Sea, 73 m, shell sand, 25 May 2000. Paratype, 1 female (KMNH­IvR­700, 130) same locality as holotype (dissected).
Diagnosis
Cephalothorax anterior margin with weak crenulations at base of rostrum, rostrum pointed. Pleotelson lateral margins without spiniform processes. Antennule article 1 with five–sex small spines on inner margin and one large subdistal spine on outer margin. Antenna articles 1 and 2 without distal spines. Maxilliped palp article 1 with inner distal spine. Pereopod 1 basis without dorsoproximal plumose setae.
Etymology
The species is named after the R/V Toyoshio­maru, Hiroshima University.
Description (body from holotype, appendages from dissected paratype).
MALE. Body length 2.95 mm
FEMALE. Body length 2.85 mm
Body (Fig. 2 A, B). Dorsoventrally flattened, about 5.5 times as long as wide. Cephalothorax. Almost as long as pereonites 1–3 combined (including rostrum). Eyes well developed and with visual elements, ocular lobes with small apophysis. Rostrum pointed. Anterior margin crenulated.
Pereonites. All with stout dorsal and lateral setation, setation more prominent on posterior pereonites. All pereonites wider than long. Pereonites 3–6 with anterolateral spines. Pereonites 3 and 6 with one anterolateral spine. Pereonite 4 with three spines. Pereonite 5 with paired anterolateral spines. Lateral shoulders prominent on all pereonites.
Pleon. About 0.2 times total body length. Pleonites all wider than long, with pointed epimera bearing dorsal and lateral setae. All pleonites with pleopods and ventral keel. Pleotelson longer than four pleonites combined.
Antennule (Fig. 2 C). Twice as long as carapace. Peduncle article 1 almost three times as long as two succeeding articles combined, with several simple and setulose setae, with several spines along inner margin and one large spine subdistally on outer margin; article 2 more than twice as long as than article 3, with several simple and setulose setae; article 3 with two simple distal setae. Article 4 (common article) naked. Outer flagellum longer than first peduncle article, of about 14 articles (some pseudoarticulated). Inner flagellum longer than half of outer flagellum and of about eight articles (some pseudoarticulated).
Antenna (Fig. 2 D). With about 16 articles. Approximately two thirds as long as antennule. Article 1 without apophysis, with few simple setae. Article 2 with few simple setae and inner spine. Squama attached distally on article 2, reaching beyond end of article 3, with seven distal simple setae. Article 3 with inner distal projection. Articles 4 and 5 rectangular with many simple and one setulose setae. Articles 6–14 serially repeating with simple setae.
Mouthparts. Labrum (Fig. 2 E) articulated from clypeus, distal margin finely setose. Mandibles, molar process weakly denticulate, straight, and with distal setae on right mandible. Palp long (almost as long as mandibular body), with three articles; article 1 with one subdistal seta; article 2 with distal row of simple setae; article 3 with mediodistal row of setae. Left mandible (Fig. 3 A) incisor bifurcate; lacinia mobilis smaller and multidenticulated; setal row of five bifurcate setae arising from common peduncle. Right mandible (Fig. 3 B) setal row of four simple and three bifurcate setae; incisor with eight prominent denticles. Labium (Fig. 2 F) palp with numerous setules and three simple terminal setae. Lobes with few setules. Maxillule (Fig. 3 C) palp with two articles, distal article with five simple setae. Outer endite with eight spiniform distal setae and scattered setae/setules; inner endite with one simple and four setulose distal setae. Maxilla not recovered. Maxilliped (Fig. 3 E) coxa naked. Basis with spines on outer distal corner and one large seta on inner distal corner. Endite with six complex setae and five simple setae on distal margin: inner margin with three coupling hooks and row of eight circumplumose setae. Palp article 1 with spine on inner margin; article 2 with row of simple setae on inner margin and two setae on outer margin; article 3 with row of setae on inner margin; article 4 with eight pinnate distal setae. Epignath (Fig. 3 D) body naked, terminal seta short and circumplumose.
Cheliped (Fig. 3 F). Basis marginally shorter than carpus with two ventrodistal setae and one prominent ventromedial spine. Merus longer than half of carpus, with two ventrodistal setae and ventrodistal spine. Carpus with several ventral setae and two ventral spines. Propodus with seta at dactylus insertion. Fixed finger with rows of setae along ventral margin and cutting surface. Dactylus as long as fixed finger, with three subdistal setae. Exopod distal article with six plumose setae.
Pereopod 1 (Fig. 4 A). Longer than other pereopods. Coxa with prominent apophysis and several setae. Basis stout, about 2.7 times as long as wide and as long as merus and carpus combined, with one ventrodistal spiniform seta, scattered simple setae, and dorsoproximal spine. Ischium with two ventral setae. Merus longer than carpus, with scattered simple setae on both margins and one spiniform ventrodistal seta. Carpus as long as propodus, with one dorsal and two ventral spiniform setae and several simple setae. Propodus marginally longer than dactylus/unguis, with row of four ventral and two dorsal spiniform setae and scattered simple setae. Dactylus 0.65 times as long as propodus, with serrations and two dorsal setae. Unguis one third lengths of dactylus. Exopod distal article with four plumose setae.
Pereopod 2 (Fig. 4 B). Coxa with one seta. Basis longer than ischium, merus and carpus combined; with few ventral setae. Ischium with simple setae on both margins. Merus shorter than carpus, with two ventral spiniform setae and few simple setae. Carpus shorter than propodus, with several simple and six spiniform setae arranged in two rows. Propodus with nine spiniform setae, scattered simple setae, one serrated distal comb seta, and one dorsal setulated seta. Dactylus with serration and one simple dorsomedial seta. Dactylus and unguis combined shorter than propodus.
Pereopod 3 (Fig. 4 C). As pereopod 2 except: coxa naked. Carpus with only four spiniform setae.
Pereopod 4 (Fig. 4 D, 4d1). As pereopod 3 except: basis with three setulated dorsoproximal setae: merus with only few setae and two spiniform setae. Carpus with 12 spiniform setae. Propodus with three spiniform setae and seven serrated distal comb setae.
Dactylus and unguis not reduced.
Pereopod 5 (Fig. 4 E). As pereopod 4 except: basis with three setulated dorsoproximal setae and two long dorsal plumose setae, and few simple setae. Carpus with only four spiniform ventral setae and scattered simple setae. Propodus with one setulated dorsal seta, four simple, nine spiniform setae, and row of five stout ventral setae.
Pereopod 6 (Fig. 4 F). Basis densely covered with plumose setae on both margins. Merus and carpus with plumose setae on dorsal margin but without spiniform setae. Propodus without plumose setae, with ventral row of identically repeating stout setae. Dactylus serrated.
Pleopods (Fig. 2 G). Peduncle uniarticulated, with three plumose setae. Exopod uniarticulated, with about 11 plumose setae. Endopod longer than exopod, with about 13 plumose setae.
Uropod (Fig. 2 A, B). Basal article three times as long as wide, several distal setae. Endopod with more than 25 articles, many of which pseudoarticulated, most with one or more distal setae. Exopod of about eight articles, each with 1–3 simple setae, proximal article smaller than other articles.
Remarks
This species differ from the only other species in the genus H. propinquus (Richardson, 1903) by the pleotelson lacking the two lateral spines, by pereopod 1 being without plumose setae and with only one dorsal spine, and by having six spines on the inner margin of antennule.
The inner distal spine of the maxilliped article 1 of this species is unusual, a possibly similar structure is vaguely illustrated for Gollumudes mortoni (Bamber 1997:90, fig 2E) but this is described as endite coupling hooks (Bamber 1997:88). Saltipedis forex Bamber, 2005 also has spines at that location but, apart from not belonging to the Apseudidae, S. forex has several smaller spines instead of the one large spine found in H. toyoshious.
description: Published as part of Larsen, Kim & Shimomura, Michitaka, 2006, Tanaidacea (Crustacea: Peracarida) from Japan. I. Apseudomorpha from the East China Sea, Seto Inland Sea, and Nansei Islands, pp. 29-48 in Zootaxa 1341 on pages 35-40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.174415