cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ExoMol molecular line lists -- XLII: Rovibronic molecular line list for the low-lying states of NO
Creators: name: Qu, Qianwei
name: Yurchenko, Sergei N.
name: Tennyson, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An accurate line list, called XABC, is computed for nitric oxide which covers its pure rotational, vibrational and rovibronic spectra. A mixture of empirical and theoretical electronic transition dipole moments are used for the final calculation of $^{14}\mathrm{N}^{16}\mathrm{O}$ rovibronic $\mathrm{A}\,^2Σ^+$ -- $\mathrm{X}\,^2Π$, $\mathrm{B}\,^2Π$ -- $\mathrm{X}^2Π$ and $\mathrm{C}\,^2Π$ -- $\mathrm{X}\,^2Π$ which correspond to the $γ$, $β$ and $δ$ band systems, respectively, as well as minor improvements to transitions within the $\mathrm{X}\,^2Π$ ground state. The work is a major update of the ExoMol NOname line list. It provides a high-accuracy NO ultraviolet line list covering the complicated regions where the $\mathrm{B}\,^2Π$-$\mathrm{C}\,^2Π$ states interact. XABC provides comprehensive data for the lowest four doublet states of NO in the region of $λ> 160 ~ \mathrm{nm}$ ($\tildeν < 63~000~\mathrm{cm}^{-1}$) for the analysis of atmospheric NO on Earth, Venus or Mars, other astronomical observations and applications. The data is available via www.exomol.com.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables
Suppressed dependence of polarization on epitaxial strain in highly polar ferroelectrics
Creators: name: Lee, Ho Nyung
name: Nakhmanson, Serge M.
name: Chisholm, Matthew F.
name: Christen, Hans M.
name: Rabe, Karin M.
name: Vanderbilt, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A combined experimental and computational investigation of coupling between polarization and epitaxial strain in highly polar ferroelectric PbZr_0.2Ti_0.8O_3 (PZT) thin films is reported. A comparison of the properties of relaxed (tetragonality c/a = 1.05) and highly-strained (c/a = 1.09) epitaxial films shows that polarization, while being amongst the highest reported for PZT or PbTiO_3 in either film or bulk forms (P_r = 82 microC/cm^2), is almost independent of the epitaxial strain. We attribute this behavior to a suppressed sensitivity of the A-site cations to epitaxial strain in these Pb-based perovskites, where the ferroelectric displacements are already large, contrary to the case of less polar perovskites, such as BaTiO_3. In the latter case, the A-site cation (Ba) and equatorial oxygen displacements can lead to substantial polarization increases.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Nonlinear viscoelastic dynamics of nano-confined water
Creators: name: Li, Tai-De
name: Riedo, Elisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The viscoelastic dynamics of nano-confined water is studied by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM). We observe a nonlinear viscoelastic behavior remarkably similar to that widely observed in metastable complex fluids. We show that the origin of the measured nonlinear viscoelasticity in nano-confined water is a strain rate dependent relaxation time and slow dynamics. By measuring the viscoelastic modulus at different frequencies and strains, we find that the intrinsic relaxation time of nano-confined water is in the range 0.1-0.0001 s, orders of magnitude longer than that of bulk water, and comparable to the dielectric relaxation time measured in supercooled water at 170-210 K.
description: 4 Figures
Existence of outermost apparent horizons with product of spheres topology
Creators: name: Schwartz, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we find new examples of Riemannian manifolds with outermost apparent horizons with nonspherical topology, in dimensions four and above. More precisely, for any $n,m\ge1$, we construct asymptotically flat, scalar flat Riemannian manifolds containing smooth outermost minimal hypersurfaces with topology $S^n\times S^{m+1}$. In the context of general relativity these hypersurfaces correspond to outermost apparent horizons of black holes.
description: Replaced by revised version. Improvements in exposition and simpler proofs. 3 figures added
Quarkonium production in coherent hadron-hadron interactions at the LHC
Creators: name: Goncalves, V. P.
name: Machado, M. V. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photoproduction of quarkonium in coherent hadron-hadron (pp/pA/AA$) interactions for LHC energies is an important tool to investigate the QCD dynamics at high energies. In this paper we estimate the integrated cross section and rapidity distribution for J/Psi and Upsilon production using the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) formalism. We predict large rates, implying that the experimental identification could be feasible at the LHC.
Formation of massive disk galaxies in the IllustrisTNG simulation
Creators: name: Zeng, Guangquan
name: Wang, Lan
name: Gao, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the formation history of massive disk galaxies in hydro-dynamical simulation--the IllustrisTNG, to study why massive disk galaxies survive through cosmic time. 83 galaxies in the simulation are selected with M$_{*,z=0}$ $>8\times10^{10}$ M$_\odot$ and kinematic bulge-to-total ratio less than $0.3$. We find that 8.4 percent of these massive disk galaxies have quiet merger histories and preserve disk morphology since formed. 54.2 percent have a significant increase in bulge components in history, then become disks again till present time. The rest 37.3 percent experience prominent mergers but survive to remain disky. While mergers and even major mergers do not always turn disk galaxies into ellipticals, we study the relations between various properties of mergers and the morphology of merger remnants. We find a strong dependence of remnant morphology on the orbit type of major mergers. Specifically, major mergers with a spiral-in falling orbit mostly lead to disk-dominant remnants, and major mergers of head-on galaxy-galaxy collision mostly form ellipticals. This dependence of remnant morphology on orbit type is much stronger than the dependence on cold gas fraction or orbital configuration of merger system as previously studied.
description: 12 pages, 1 table, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
BFKL at Next-to-Next-to-Leading Order
Creators: name: Marzani, Simone
name: Ball, Richard D.
name: Falgari, Pietro
name: Forte, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine an approximate expression for the O(alpha_s^3) contribution chi_2 to the kernel of the BFKL equation, which includes all collinear and anticollinear singular contributions. This is derived using recent results on the relation between the GLAP and BFKL kernels (including running-coupling effects to all orders) and on small-x factorization schemes. We present the result in various schemes, relevant both for applications to the BFKL equation and to small-x evolution of parton distributions.
description: 34 pages, 6 figures, TeX with harvmac. Various small typos corrects, in particular first term in eq D.3. Final version to be published in Nucl. Phys. B
The principal transmission condition
Creators: name: Grubb, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35S15, 47G30, 35J25, 60G52

description: The paper treats pseudodifferential operators $P=Op(p(ξ))$ with homogeneous complex symbol $p(ξ)$ of order $2a>0$, generalizing the fractional Laplacian $(-Δ)^a$ but lacking its symmetries, and taken to act on the halfspace $R^n_+$. The operators are seen to satisfy a principal $μ$-transmission condition relative to $R^n_+$, but generally not the full $μ$-transmission condition satisfied by $(-Δ)^a$ and related operators (with $μ=a$). However, $P$ acts well on the so-called $μ$-transmission spaces over $R^n_+$ (defined in earlier works), and when $P$ moreover is strongly elliptic, these spaces are the solution spaces for the homogeneous Dirichlet problem for $P$, leading to regularity results with a factor $x_n^μ$ (in a limited range of Sobolev spaces). The information is then shown to be sufficient to establish an integration by parts formula over $R^n_+$ for $P$ acting on such functions. The formulation in Sobolev spaces, and the results on strongly elliptic operators going beyond operators with real kernels, are new. Furthermore, large solutions with nonzero Dirichlet traces are described, and a halfways Green's formula is established, for this new class of operators. Since the principal $μ$-transmission condition has weaker requirements than the full $μ$-transmission condition assumed in earlier papers, new arguments were needed, relying on work of Vishik and Eskin instead of the Boutet de Monvel theory. The results cover the case of nonsymmetric operators with real kernel that were only partially treated in a preceding paper.
description: Numbering has been changed, misprints corrected. 34 pages. Published in Mathematics in Engineering
Search for New Physics in High Mass Electron-Positron Events in ppbar Collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV
Creators: name: CDF Collaboration
name: Aaltonen, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of a search for a narrow resonance in electron-positron events in the invariant mass range of 150-950 GeV/c^2 using 1.3 fb^-1 of ppbar collision data at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV collected by the CDF II detector at Fermilab. No significant evidence of such a resonance is observed and we interpret the results to exclude the standard model-like Z' with a mass below 923 GeV/c^2 and the Randall-Sundrum graviton with a mass below 807 GeV/c^2 for k/M_pl=0.1, both at the 95% confidence level. Combining with di-photon data excludes the Randall-Sundrum graviton for masses below 889 GeV/c^2 for k/M_pl=0.1.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. To be submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Exact solution of a quantum asymmetric exclusion process with particle creation and annihilation
Creators: name: Robertson, Jacob
name: Essler, Fabian H. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a Lindblad equation that for particular initial conditions reduces to an asymmetric simple exclusion process with additional loss and gain terms. The resulting Lindbladian exhibits operator-space fragmentation and each block is Yang-Baxter integrable. For particular loss/gain rates the model can be mapped to free fermions. We determine the full quantum dynamics for an initial product state in this case.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures. Explanations clarified from previous version, minor notation changes, minor typos fixed. Accepted for publication in JSTAT
The Physical Nature of Polar Broad Absorption Line Quasars
Creators: name: Ghosh, Kajal K.
name: Punsly, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been shown based on radio variability arguments that some BALQSOs (broad absorption line quasars) are viewed along the polar axis (orthogonal to accretion disk) in the recent article of Zhou et al. These arguments are based on the brightness temperature, $T_{b}$ exceeding $10^{12} ^{\circ}$ K which leads to the well-known inverse Compton catastrophe unless the radio jet is relativistic and is viewed along its axis. In this letter, we expand the Zhou et al sample of polar BALQSOs to the entire SDSS DR5. In the process, we clarify a mistake in their calculation of brightness temperature. The expanded sample of high $T_{b}$ BALQSOS, has an inordinately large fraction of LoBALQSOs (low ionization BALQSOs). We consider this an important clue to understanding the nature of the polar BALQSOs. This is expected in the polar BALQSO analytical/numerical models of Punsly in which LoBALQSOs occur when the line of sight is very close to the polar axis, where the outflow density is the highest.
description: To appear in ApJ Letters
Modified Form of Low-Reynolds-number Turbulence Model for Predicting Turbulent Heat Transfer
Creators: name: Kittisak Khuwaranyu
Publisher: name: Mahasarakham University
Year: 2013
Subjects: LRN model, k?, Turbulent, Heat transfer, Finite volume Method

description: 1, 32, Journal of SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY Mahasarakham University
Kinetics of Biomass Decomposition in Pyrolysis and Torrefaction Process
Creators: name: Unchana Sae-Ueng
Publisher: name: Mahasarakham University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biomass, Kinetics, Mild pyrolysis, Thermogravimetric analysis, Torrefaction

description: 1, 32, Journal of SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY Mahasarakham University
Properties of Torrefied Biomass and Torrefied Pellet
Creators: name: Dussadeeporn Baonongbua
Publisher: name: Mahasarakham University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biomass, Grindability, Properties, Proximate analysis, Torrefaction, and Ultimate analysis

description: 1, 32, Journal of SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY Mahasarakham University
Enzyme regulation and mutation in a model serial dilution ecosystem
Creators: name: Erez, Amir
name: Lopez, Jaime G.
name: Meir, Yigal
name: Wingreen, Ned S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Microbial communities are ubiquitous in nature and come in a multitude of forms, ranging from communities dominated by a handful of species to communities containing a wide variety of metabolically distinct organisms. This huge range in diversity is not a curiosity - microbial diversity has been linked to outcomes of substantial ecological and medical importance. However, the mechanisms underlying microbial diversity are still under debate, as simple mathematical models only permit as many species to coexist as there are resources. A plethora of mechanisms have been proposed to explain the origins of microbial diversity, but many of these analyses omit a key property of real microbial ecosystems: the propensity of the microbes themselves to change their growth properties within and across generations. In order to explore the impact of this key property on microbial diversity, we expand upon a recently developed model of microbial diversity in fluctuating environments. We implement changes in growth strategy in two distinct ways. First, we consider the regulation of a cell's enzyme levels within short, ecological times, and second we consider evolutionary changes driven by mutations across generations. Interestingly, we find that these two types of microbial responses to the environment can have drastically different outcomes. Enzyme regulation may collapse diversity over long enough times while, conversely, strategy-randomizing mutations can produce a "rich-get-poorer" effect that promotes diversity. This work makes explicit, using a simple serial-dilutions framework, the conflicting ways that microbial adaptation and evolution can affect community diversity.
description: This work extends the modeling framework from "Nutrient levels and trade-offs control diversity in a serial dilution ecosystem" at https://elifesciences.org/articles/57790 ; Main text: 8 pages, 3 figures. Appendix: 4 pages, 5 figures
On measurement of photon polarization in radiative penguin $B$ decays to baryons
Creators: name: Pakhlov, P.
name: Uglov, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement of the photon polarization in radiative penguin $B$ decays provides a test of the Standard Model and a probe for New Physics, that can lead to a deviation from the Standard Model prediction of left-handed photons in $b\to s γ$. We propose a new method to measure the photon polarization using the baryonic decay $B^- \to Λ\bar{p} γ$. The $P$-violating $Λ$-hyperon decay allows a measurement of the $Λ$ helicity to be performed, which can be uniquely related to the photon polarization in a model-independent way. The $B^- \to Λ\bar{p} γ$ decay was recently measured to have a large branching fraction providing a possibility to get meaningful results with the data already available at LHC and B-factory experiments. An increase of the $B$-meson sample at high luminosity LHC experiments and Belle II should provide a really stringent test by using this method already in the near future.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Resolving the pulsations of subdwarf B stars: HS 0039+4302, HS 0444+0458, and an examination of the group properties of resolved pulsators
Creators: name: Reed, M. D.
name: Terndrup, D. M.
name: Zhou, A. -Y.
name: Unterborn, C. T.
name: An, D.
name: Eggen, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue our program of single-site observations of pulsating subdwarf B (sdB) stars and present the results of extensive time series photometry of HS 0039+4302 and HS 0444+0458. Both were observed at MDM Observatory during the fall of 2005. We extend the number of known frequencies for HS 0039+4302 from 4 to 14 and discover one additional frequency for HS 0444+0458, bringing the total to three. We perform standard tests to search for multiplet structure, measure amplitude variations, and examine the frequency density to constrain the mode degree $\ell$. Including the two stars in this paper, 23 pulsating sdB stars have received follow-up observations designed to decipher their pulsation spectra. It is worth an examination of what has been detected. We compare and contrast the frequency content in terms of richness and range and the amplitudes with regards to variability and diversity. We use this information to examine observational correlations with the proposed $κ$ pulsation mechanism as well as alternative theories.
description: 32 pages, 18 figures, 7 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
On the Feigel Effect: Extraction of Momentum from Vacuum?
Creators: name: Birkeland, Ole Jakob
name: Brevik, Iver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Green-function formalism for the electromagnetic field in a magnetoelectric (ME) medium is constructed, as a generalization of conventional Casimir theory. Zero temperature is assumed. It is shown how the formalism predicts electromagnetic momentum to be extracted from the vacuum field, just analogous to how energy is extracted in the Casimir case. The possibility of extracting momentum from vacuum was discussed recently by Feigel [Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 020404 (2004)]. By contrast to Feigel's approach, we assume that the ME coupling occurs naturally, and is not produced by external strong fields. We also find the same effect qualitatively via another route, by considering one single electromagnetic mode.
description: 26 pages LaTeX, one figure; discussion expanded, especially in section 6, references added. Version to appear in Phys. Rev. E
Geometry vs growth: Internal consistency of the flat ΛCDM model with KiDS-1000
Creators: name: Ruiz-Zapatero, J.
name: Stölzner, Benjamin
name: Joachimi, Benjamin
name: Asgari, Marika
name: Bilicki, Maciej
name: Dvornik, Andrej
name: Giblin, Benjamin
name: Heymans, Catherine
name: Hildebrandt, Hendrik
name: Kannawadi, Arun
name: Kuijken, Konrad
name: TilmanTröster
name: Busch, Jan Luca van den
name: Wright, Angus H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry out a multi-probe self-consistency test of the flat $Λ$CDM model with the aim of exploring potential causes of the reported tensions between high- and low-redshift cosmological observations. We divide the model into two theory regimes determined by the smooth background (geometry) and the evolution of matter density fluctuations (growth), each governed by an independent set of Lambda Cold Dark Matter ($Λ$CDM) cosmological parameters. This extended model is constrained by a combination of weak gravitational lensing measurements from the Kilo-Degree Survey, galaxy clustering signatures extracted from Sloan Digital Sky Survey campaigns and the Six-Degree Field Galaxy Survey, and the angular baryon acoustic scale and the primordial scalar fluctuation power spectrum measured in $\textit{Planck}$ cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. We find strong consistency between the geometry and growth parameters, and with the posterior of standard $Λ$CDM analysis. Tension in the amplitude of matter density fluctuations as measured by the parameter $S_8$ persists at around 3$σ$, with a $1.5\,\%$ constraint of $S_8 = 0.776_{-0.008}^{+0.016}$ for the combined probes. We also observe a less significant preference (at least $2σ$) for higher values of the Hubble constant, $H_0 = 70.5^{+0.7}_{-1.5}\,{\rm km\, s^{-1} Mpc^{-1}}$, as well as for lower values of the total matter density parameter $Ω_{\rm{m}} = 0.289^{+0.007}_{-0.005}$ compared to the full $\textit{Planck}$ analysis. Including the subset of the CMB information in the probe combination enhances these differences rather than alleviate them, which we link to the discrepancy between low and high multipoles in $\textit{Planck}$ data.
description: 25 pages, 14 figures, updated after being accepted for publication to Astronomy and Astrophysics
Multilevel Deconstruction of the In Vivo Behavior of Looped DNA-Protein Complexes
Creators: name: Saiz, Leonor
name: Vilar, Jose M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Protein-DNA complexes with loops play a fundamental role in a wide variety of cellular processes, ranging from the regulation of DNA transcription to telomere maintenance. As ubiquitous as they are, their precise in vivo properties and their integration into the cellular function still remain largely unexplored. Here, we present a multilevel approach that efficiently connects in both directions molecular properties with cell physiology and use it to characterize the molecular properties of the looped DNA-lac repressor complex while functioning in vivo. The properties we uncover include the presence of two representative conformations of the complex, the stabilization of one conformation by DNA architectural proteins, and precise values of the underlying twisting elastic constants and bending free energies. Incorporation of all this molecular information into gene-regulation models reveals an unprecedented versatility of looped DNA-protein complexes at shaping the properties of gene expression.
description: Open Access article available at http://www.plosone.org/article/fetchArticle.action?articleURI=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0000355
Decoherence of coupled electron spins via nuclear spin dynamics in quantum dots
Creators: name: Yang, W.
name: Liu, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In double quantum dots, the exchange interaction between two electron spins renormalizes the excitation energy of pair-flips in the nuclear spin bath, which in turn modifies the non-Markovian bath dynamics. As the energy renormalization varies with the Overhauser field mismatch between the quantum dots, the electron singlet-triplet decoherence resulting from the bath dynamics depends on sampling of nuclear spin states from an ensemble, leading to the transition from exponential decoherence in single-sample dynamics to power-law decay under ensemble averaging. In contrast, the decoherence of a single electron spin in one dot is essentially the same for different choices of the nuclear spin configuration.
description: 4 pages 3 figures
Extragalactic Magnetism with SOFIA (Legacy Program) -- I: The magnetic field in the multi-phase interstellar medium of M51
Creators: name: Borlaff, Alejandro S.
name: Lopez-Rodriguez, Enrique
name: Beck, Rainer
name: Stepanov, Rodion
name: Ntormousi, Eva
name: Hughes, Annie
name: Tassis, Konstantinos
name: Marcum, Pamela M.
name: Grosset, Lucas
name: Beckman, John E.
name: Proudfit, Leslie
name: Clark, Susan E.
name: Díaz-Santos, Tanio
name: Mao, Sui Ann
name: Reach, William T.
name: Roman-Duval, Julia
name: Subramanian, Kandaswamy
name: Tram, Le Ngoc
name: Zweibel, Ellen G.
name: Team, SOFIA Legacy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent availability of high-resolution far-infrared (FIR) polarization observations of galaxies using HAWC+/SOFIA has facilitated studies of extragalactic magnetic fields in the cold and dense molecular disks.We investigate if any significant structural differences are detectable in the kpc-scale magnetic field of the grand design face-on spiral galaxy M51 when traced within the diffuse (radio) and the dense and cold (FIR) interstellar medium (ISM). Our analysis reveals a complex scenario where radio and FIR polarization observations do not necessarily trace the same magnetic field structure. We find that the magnetic field in the arms is wrapped tighter at 154um than at 3 and 6 cm; statistically significant lower values for the magnetic pitch angle are measured at FIR in the outskirts (R > 7 kpc) of the galaxy. This difference is not detected in the interarm region. We find strong correlations of the polarization fraction and total intensity at FIR and radio with the gas column density and 12CO(1-0) velocity dispersion. We conclude that the arms show a relative increase of small-scale turbulent B-fields at regions with increasing column density and dispersion velocities of the molecular gas. No correlations are found with HI neutral gas. The star formation rate shows a clear correlation with the radio polarized intensity, which is not found in FIR, pointing to a small-scale dynamo-driven B-field amplification scenario. This work shows that multi-wavelength polarization observations are key to disentangling the interlocked relation between star formation, magnetic fields, and gas kinematics in the multi-phase ISM.
description: 35 pages, 25 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Plethystic exponential calculus and characteristic polynomials of permutations
Creators: name: Florentino, Carlos A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 05A30, Secondary: 05A19, 05A05, 14N10

description: We prove a family of identities, expressing generating functions of powers of characteristic polynomials of permutations, as finite or infinite products. These generalize formulae first obtained in a study of the geometry/topology of symmetric products of real/algebraic tori. The proof uses formal power series expansions of plethystic exponentials, and has been motivated by some recent applications of these combinatorial tools in supersymmetric gauge and string theories. Since the methods are elementary, we tried to be self-contained, and relate to other topics such as the q-binoomial theorem, and the cycle index and Molien series for the symmetric group.
description: Some statements and treatment simplified; relation with cycle index better explored. New examples and citations added
A vertically-loaded diamond microdisk resonator spin-photon interface
Creators: name: Duan, Yuqin
name: Chen, Kevin C.
name: Englund, Dirk R.
name: Trusheim, Matthew E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and optimize a vertically-loaded diamond microdisk resonator (VLDMoRt) coupled to a nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond for efficient collection of zero-phonon-line emission into low numerical aperture ($\text{NA}$) free-space modes. The VLDMoRt achieves a Purcell enhancement of 172 with $39\%$ of the emitted light collected within a $\text{NA}$ of 0.6, leading to a total external spin-photon collection efficiency of 0.33. As the design is compatible with established nanofabrication techniques and couples to low-NA modes accessible by cryogenic free-space optical systems, it is a promising platform for efficient spin-photon interfaces based on diamond quantum emitters.
The Invariant Ring of Triples of 3x3 Matrices over a Field of Arbitrary Characteristic
Creators: name: Lopatin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13A50; 15A72

description: Let R_{n,d} be the ring of invariants of d-tuples of n x n matrices under the simultaneous conjugation action of the general linear group. A minimal generating system and a homogeneous system of parameters for R_{3,3} are determined. Homogeneous systems of parameters for R_{3,2}, R_{4,2} are also pointed out.
description: 13 pages
Threshold anomalies of ultra-high energy cosmic photons due to Lorentz invariance violation
Creators: name: Li, Hao
name: Ma, Bo-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From special relativity, photon annihilation process \HepProcess{{\Pgg}{\Pgg}{\to}{\Pep}{\Pem}} prevents cosmic photons with energies above a threshold to propagate a long distance in cosmic space due to their annihilation with low energy cosmic background photons. However, modifications of the photon dispersion relation from Lorentz invariance violation~(LIV) can cause novel phenomena beyond special relativity to happen. In this paper, we point out that these phenomena include optical transparency, threshold reduction and reappearance of ultra-high energy photons in cosmic space. The recent observation of near and above PeV photon events by the LHAASO Collaboration reveals the necessity to consider the threshold anomalies. Future observations of above threshold photons from extragalactic sources can testify LIV properties of photons.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
New homogeneous iron abundances of double-mode Cepheids from high-resolution echelle spectroscopy
Creators: name: Sziladi, K.
name: Vinko, J.
name: Poretti, E.
name: Szabados, L.
name: Kun, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: We define the relationship between the double-mode pulsation of Cepheids and metallicity in a more accurate way, determine the empirical metallicities of double-mode Cepheids from homogeneous, high-resolution spectroscopic data, and study of the period-ratio -- metallicity dependence. Methods: The high S/N echelle spectra obtained with the FEROS spectrograph were analyzed using a self-developed IRAF script, and the iron abundances were determined by comparing with synthetic spectra assuming LTE. Results: Accurate [Fe/H] values of 17 galactic beat Cepheids were determined. All these stars have solar or slightly subsolar metallicity. Their period ratio P1/P0 shows strong correlation with their derived [Fe/H] values. The corresponding period ratio -- metallicity relation has been evaluated.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, accepted in A&A
Pedagogy of Belonging: Cultivating wellbeing literacy in higher education
Creators: name: PRENDERGAST, JULIA
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 360201
subject: Creative writing (incl. scriptwriting)
classificationCode: 360299
subject: Creative and professional writing not elsewhere classified

description: Wellbeing literacy is the capability to set intentions and comprehend and compose wellbeing language. This is cultivated and embodied across contexts with the intention of maintaining or improving the wellbeing of oneself, others, or the world. In this paper, as co-authors we share the way we understand our wellbeing as educators in higher education, that is, through a Pedagogy of Belonging. Belonging is one of the domains to our wellbeing as academics and educators, as well as students in the studied higher education learning context. Pedagogy of Belonging helps us develop our wellbeing literacy individually and collectively. Through an authentic inquiry framed by hermeneutic phenomenology, we highlight four vignettes, showcasing what this looks like across different disciplines located in one school of an Australian university. In these vignettes, we look at what it means to engage with diverse areas of wellbeing that enhance our collective capacity to flourish. We have paused, listening deeply to our academic and wellbeing needs, addressing these together to develop a shared language that supports our wellbeing. We describe the valuing of meaning, curiosity associated with relationship building, multi-modal ways of being with each other, passion, and positive emotions that promote academic wellbeing capabilities that, in turn, support, develop, and sustain a wellbeing literacy. In demonstrating how a wellbeing literacy can be developed, maintained, and/or improved, we open new avenues of investigation that interrupt the dehumanising of higher education learning contexts.
Topological band theory of a generalized eigenvalue problem with Hermitian matrices: Symmetry-protected exceptional rings with emergent symmetry
Creators: name: Isobe, Takuma
name: Yoshida, Tsuneya
name: Hatsugai, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: So far, topological band theory is discussed mainly for systems described by eigenvalue problems. Here, we develop a topological band theory described by a generalized eigenvalue problem (GEVP). Our analysis elucidates that non-Hermitian topological band structures may emerge for systems described by a GEVP with Hermitian matrices. The above result is verified by analyzing a two-dimensional toy model where symmetry-protected exceptional rings (SPERs) emerge although the matrices involved are Hermitian. Remarkably, these SPERs are protected by emergent symmetry, which is unique to the systems described by the GEVP. Furthermore, these SPERs elucidate the origin of the characteristic dispersion of hyperbolic metamaterials which is observed in experiments.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
title: Nachhaltige Nutzung von Europaletten als standardisierte Bauelemente zur Errichtung von mobilen Bauten in Krisen und Katastrophen
title: Sustainable use of Euro-pallets for construction of semi permanent buildings in disaster situations
Creators: name: Da Costa, Rodolfo
Publisher: name: FH Münster
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 720 Architektur

description: In der internationalen Soforthilfe haben sich standardisierte und technisch angepasste Lösungen bewährt. Die als Verpackungsmaterial mobiler Nothilfeeinheiten ausgelieferten Europaletten lassen sich aufgrund ihrer Standardisierung weltweit zu semipermanenten Gebäuden mit einfachsten Mitteln zusammensetzen.
description: Equipment for international disaster relief operations has to be simple, technologically appropriate and sustainably fitting into local systems. International disaster relief units regularly are transported on Euro-pallets that afterwards can be used for construction of functional semi permanent buildings by using only basic tools.
Characterization of monoclonal antibodies to rubella virus structural proteins
Creators: name: Brush, Bradley Alan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), due to their intrinsic specificity to single determinants, are capable of defining the antigenic and structural properties of viruses. A panel of twenty-five monoclonal antibodies, the result of fusions between splenocytes from Balb/c mice immunized with RA 27/3 vaccine strain rubella virus and myeloma cell line NS1X63Ag8.653, were characterized by radioimmunoprecipitation of rubella virus structural proteins, IgG sub-classification, haemagglutination inhibition (HI) and virus neutralization (Nt) of rubella virus (RV). The antigen specificities of thirteen of twenty-five MAbs were identified by immunoprecipitation of [³⁵S]-methionine labelled virus. All showed reactivity to the E1 envelope glycoprotein of either M33 wild type, or RA 27/3 vaccine strain virus, or both. The remainder precipitated multiple viral proteins or none at all. These trials required numerous alterations in the composition of buffers to achieve unambiguous results. IgG subclassification was performed on hybridoma cell culture supernatants or purified ascites fluid by the Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion technique, with all immunoglobulins typed as IgG₁, IgG[sub 2a] or IgG[sub 2b], but with no cases of IgG₃ or IgM secretors. Inhibition of rubella virus agglutination of chick erythrocytes by nine of the monoclonal antibodies gave haemagglutination inhibition titres of greater than 8 with the highest titre at 16384. The panel of monoclonal antibodies was tested for its capacity to neutralize both M33 and RA 27/3 strains of rubella virus, with and without the presence of complement. To detect rubella plaque formation exclusively, an immunocytochemical method of detecting rubella virus proteins on cell surfaces was developed. Plaque reduction experiments showed that ten of the MAbs inhibited the cytopathic effect of rubella virus to some extent. Five MAbs neutralized M33 RV without complement present, one showing a four-fold increase in titre upon its addition, and one MAb, negative in the absence of complement displayed a positive titre in its presence. Three MAbs showed neutralizing activity toward RA 27/3 with no observed effect upon the addition of complement; two MAbs showed a shift from negativity to neutralizing titres. Of the ten MAbs that were active, four reacted with both rubella strains. The capacity of the monoclonal antibodies to neutralize rubella virus was found to be independent of their ability to inhibit the haemagglutinin of the virus. Therefore the epitopes for virus neutralization and haemagglutination appear to be different.
Current-Conserving Relativistic Linear Response for Collisional Plasmas
Creators: name: Formanek, Martin
name: Grayson, Christopher
name: Rafelski, Johann
name: Müller, Berndt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the response of a relativistic plasma to electromagnetic fields in the framework of the Boltzmann equation incorporating a collision term in the relaxation rate approximation selected in a form assuring current conservation. We obtain an explicit solution for the linearized perturbation of the Fermi-Dirac equilibrium distribution in terms of the average relaxation rate $κ$. We study the resulting covariant, gauge invariant, and current conserving form of the polarization tensor in the ultrarelativistic and non-relativistic limits. We evaluate the susceptibility in the ultrarelativistic limit and explore their dependence on $κ$. Finally, we study the dispersion relations for the longitudinal and transverse poles of the propagator. We show that for $κ> 2ω_p$, where $ω_p$ is the plasma frequency, the plasma wave modes are overdamped. In the opposite case, $κ\ll ω_p$, the propagating plasma modes are weakly damped.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Giant viscosity enhancement in a spin-polarized Fermi liquid
Creators: name: Akimoto, H.
name: Xia, J. S.
name: Candela, D.
name: Mullin, W. J.
name: Adams, E. D.
name: Sullivan, N. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The viscosity is measured for a Fermi liquid, a dilute $^3$He-$^4$He mixture, under extremely high magnetic field/temperature conditions ($B \leq 14.8$ T, $T \geq 1.5$ mK). The spin splitting energy $μB$ is substantially greater than the Fermi energy $k_B T_F$; as a consequence the polarization tends to unity and s-wave quasiparticle scattering is suppressed for $T \ll T_F$. Using a novel composite vibrating-wire viscometer an enhancement of the viscosity is observed by a factor of more than 500 over its low-field value. Good agreement is found between the measured viscosity and theoretical predictions based upon a $t$-matrix formalism.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Alloimmunity, autoimmunity, and AIDS
Creators: name: Grant, Michael David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The sensitivity of the human immune system to the retrovirus HIV is difficult to explain on the basis of viral cytopathicity. AIDS develops often long after initial HIV infection in spite of a vigorous and sustained immune response against the virus which effectively contains viral replication. Although more virulent strains of HIV can be isolated from immunodeficient persons, there is no evidence that these strains predominate in vivo or that a large increase in production of infectious virus accompanies progression to disease. There is as yet no satisfactory mechanism to explain the immunosuppression, T4 cell depletion, autoimmunity, and immunodeficiency associated with HIV infection. An hypothesis that AIDS results from immune responses to HIV gp120 and to allogeneic cells stems from recent developments in the symmetrical network theory. It is proposed that T-cell selection processes produce a T-cell idiotypic network "centrepole," which bears an internal image of self MHC class II within T-cell receptors. This network centrepole interacts with the anti-class II helper cell repertoire to stabilize both its own expression and expression of the helper T-cell repertoire. The idiotypes involved in this mutual stabilization are related to certain idiotypes present on allogeneic lymphocytes and to the envelope glycoprotein of HIV gp120. Through its relationship to CD4 protein, and hence class II MHC, HTV gp120 is thought to mimic the T-cell network centrepole. Anti-host class II receptors on allogeneic lymphocytes induce antibodies which also mimic the proposed centrepole. The immune response to gp120 is directed against the centrepole and against the antibodies (anti-anti-class II) induced by the receptors of allogeneic lymphocytes. The hypothesis evaluated in this thesis project is that the immune responses described above synergize in an attack on both the centrepole and the helper cell repertoire, resulting in aberrant immune regulation, autoimmunity, and eventually, AIDS. Sera from persons with AIDS or at risk of AIDS were examined for antibodies implicated in the above scheme. Anti-anti-CD4/anti-gp120 antibodies (putative anti-centrepole) were found in only a small minority of subjects and did not correlate with disease, while anti-anti-class II antibodies were almost never detected. Anti-MHC class I antibodies, reflecting alloimmunity, were associated with HIV infection and to some extent with disease progression. Autoantibodies against denatured collagen, reflecting autoimmunity, were found in almost all AIDS patients. The prevalence of these autoantibodies increases in HIV infection and with disease expression. Antibodies against denatured collagen show an interesting distribution which suggests they are related to the idiotypic determinants involved in the pathogenesis of AIDS and other similar immune disorders. The specificity of these antibodies suggests they arise through immunoregulatory defects induced through idiotypic network interactions.
Axial Anomaly in the $SU(N)$ Gauge Matrix Model
Creators: name: Acharyya, Nirmalendu
name: Pandey, Mahul
name: Vaidya, Sachindeo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills matrix model admits self-dual and anti-self-dual instantons. When coupled to $N_f$ flavors of massless quarks, the Euclidean Dirac equation in an instanton background has $n_+$ positive and $n_-$ negative chirality zero modes. We show that the index $(n_+ - n_-)$ is equal to a suitably defined instanton charge. Further, we show that the path integral measure is not invariant under a chiral rotation, and relate the non-invariance of the measure to the index of the Dirac operator. Axial symmetry is broken anomalously, with the residual symmetry being a finite group. For $N_f$ fundamental fermions, this residual symmetry is $\mathbb{Z}_{2N_f}$, whereas for adjoint quarks it is $\mathbb{Z}_{4N_f}$.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures. Typo corrected in eq. 2.15, citations corrected. This is a longer version, a shorter version will appear in the journal
Renormalization Group Analysis of a Gursey Model Inspired Field Theory II
Creators: name: Lutfuoglu, B. C.
name: Taskin, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently a model, which is equivalent to the scalar form of Gursey model, is shown to be a nontrivial field theoretical model when it is gauged with a SU(N) field. In this paper we study another model that is equivalent to the vector form of the Gursey model. We get a trivial theory when it is coupled with a scalar field. This result changes drastically when it is coupled with an additional SU(N) field. We find a nontrivial field theoretical model under certain conditions.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, revtex4, typos corrected, published version
Optimization of Climate Dows caling Using Gradient Descent with Momentum and Quasi-Newton Methods
Creators: name: Wachiraporn Permpoonsinsup
Publisher: name: Mahasarakham University
Year: 2014
Subjects: component, Downscaling, Artifi cial Neural Network, Gradient Descent, Quasi-Newton

description: 2, 33, Journal of SCIENCE and TECHNOLOGY Mahasarakham University
Radiative lifetime of the B³[Pi]₀₊u̳ state of Br₂
Creators: name: Deng, Qing
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The absorption and fluorescence spectra of the molecule bromine corresponding to the transition between the ground state, X¹ Σ[sub o+g], and excited state, B³II[sub o+u], have been measured from approximately 17464 cm⁻¹ to 17480 cm⁻¹. This region of the spectra covered the 14' — l", 15' — l", 17' — 2", 18' — 2", and 19' — 2" vibrational bands. The frequency of each absorption line was calculated and the integrated absorption coefficient under each absorption line was measured. At room temperature, the number of molecules per cm³ for [sup (79,79)]Br₂, [sup (79,81)]Br₂ and [sup (81,81)]Br₂ have been calculated. By using both theory and experiment the radiative lifetime τ[sub rad], from B state to X state of [sup (79,79)]Br₂,[sup (79,81)]Br₂, and [sup (81,81)]Br₂ for v' = 14,15,17,18,19 have been obtained. The predissociation of Br₂ in the B³II[sub o+u] state is discussed.