cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exact kinematics in the small x evolution of the color dipole and gluon cascade
Creators: name: Motyka, Leszek
name: Stasto, Anna M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of kinematic effects in the gluon and color dipole cascades is addressed in the large N_c limit of SU(N_c) Yang--Mills theory. We investigate the tree level multi-gluon components of the gluon light cone wave functions in the light cone gauge keeping the exact kinematics of the gluon emissions. We focus on the components with all helicities identical to the helicity of the incoming gluon. The recurrence relations for the gluon wave functions are derived. In the case when the virtuality of the incoming gluon is neglected the exact form of the multi-gluon wave function is obtained. Furthermore, we propose an approximate scheme to treat the kinematic effects in the color dipole evolution kernel. The new kernel entangles longitudinal and transverse degrees of freedom and leads to a reduced diffusion in the impact parameter. When evaluated in the next-to-leading logarithmic (NLL) accuracy, the kernel reproduces the correct form of the double logarithmic terms of the dipole size ratios present in the exact NLL dipole kernel. Finally, we analyze the scattering of the incoming gluon light cone components off a gluon target and the fragmentation of the scattered state into the final state. The equivalence of the resulting amplitudes and the maximally-helicity-violating amplitudes is demonstrated in the special case when the target gluon is far in rapidity from the evolved gluon wave function.
description: 37 pages, 13 figures
Modeling PROTAC Degradation Activity with Machine Learning
Creators: name: Ribes, Stefano
name: Nittinger, Eva
name: Tyrchan, Christian
name: Mercado, Rocío
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: PROTACs are a promising therapeutic modality that harnesses the cell's built-in degradation machinery to degrade specific proteins. Despite their potential, developing new PROTACs is challenging and requires significant domain expertise, time, and cost. Meanwhile, machine learning has transformed drug design and development. In this work, we present a strategy for curating open-source PROTAC data and an open-source deep learning tool for predicting the degradation activity of novel PROTAC molecules. The curated dataset incorporates important information such as $pDC_{50}$, $D_{max}$, E3 ligase type, POI amino acid sequence, and experimental cell type. Our model architecture leverages learned embeddings from pretrained machine learning models, in particular for encoding protein sequences and cell type information. We assessed the quality of the curated data and the generalization ability of our model architecture against new PROTACs and targets via three tailored studies, which we recommend other researchers to use in evaluating their degradation activity models. In each study, three models predict protein degradation in a majority vote setting, reaching a top test accuracy of 80.8% and 0.865 ROC AUC, and a test accuracy of 62.3% and 0.604 ROC AUC when generalizing to novel protein targets. Our results are not only comparable to state-of-the-art models for protein degradation prediction, but also part of an open-source implementation which is easily reproducible and less computationally complex than existing approaches.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Gravity duals for logarithmic conformal field theories
Creators: name: Grumiller, Daniel
name: Johansson, Niklas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Logarithmic conformal field theories with vanishing central charge describe systems with quenched disorder, percolation or dilute self-avoiding polymers. In these theories the energy momentum tensor acquires a logarithmic partner. In this talk we address the construction of possible gravity duals for these logarithmic conformal field theories and present two viable candidates for such duals, namely theories of massive gravity in three dimensions at a chiral point.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure, invited plenary talk at the First Mediterranean Conference on Classical and Quantum Gravity, v2: published version, corrected typo in left eq. (5)
Finite-temperature QCD
Creators: name: Laine, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I start by discussing recent ideas concerning three different heavy quark related observables in finite-temperature QCD. Subsequently selected studies related to light quarks and gluons are reviewed, with a focus on thermodynamic observables, screening masses, and sum rules.
description: 16 pages. Presented at the XXVII International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 26-31, 2009, Peking University, Beijing, China
Bulge and Clump Evolution in Hubble Ultra Deep Field Clump Clusters, Chains and Spiral Galaxies
Creators: name: Elmegreen, Bruce G.
name: Elmegreen, Debra Meloy
name: Fernandez, Maria Ximena
name: Lemonias, Jenna Jo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Clump clusters and chain galaxies in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field are examined for bulges in the NICMOS images. Approximately 50% of the clump clusters and 30% of the chains have relatively red and massive clumps that could be young bulges. Magnitudes and colors are determined for these bulge-like objects and for the bulges in spiral galaxies, and for all of the prominent star-formation clumps in these three galaxy types. The colors are fitted to population evolution models to determine the bulge and clump masses, ages, star-formation rate decay times, and extinctions. The results indicate that bulge-like objects in clump cluster and chain galaxies have similar ages and 2 to 5 times larger masses compared to the star-formation clumps, while the bulges in spirals have ~6 times larger ages and 20 to 30 times larger masses than the clumps. All systems appear to have an underlying red disk population. The masses of star-forming clumps are typically in a range from 10^7 to 10^8 Msun; their ages have a wide range around ~10^2 Myr. Ages and extinctions both decrease with redshift. Star formation is probably the result of gravitational instabilities in the disk gas, in which case the large clump mass in the UDF is the result of a high gas velocity dispersion, 30 km/s or more, combined with a high gas mass column density, ~100 Msun/pc^2. Because clump clusters and chains dominate disk galaxies beyond z~1, the observations suggest that these types represent an early phase in the formation of modern spiral galaxies, when the bulge and inner disk formed.
description: ApJ in press February 2009, vol. 691, 23 pages and 20 figures
Perturbation theory for the Nonlinear Schroedinger Equation with a random potential
Creators: name: Fishman, Shmuel
name: Krivolapov, Yevgeny
name: Soffer, Avy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A perturbation theory for the Nonlinear Schroedinger Equation (NLSE) in 1D on a lattice was developed. The small parameter is the strength of the nonlinearity. For this purpose secular terms were removed and a probabilistic bound on small denominators was developed. It was shown that the number of terms grows exponentially with the order. The results of the perturbation theory are compared with numerical calculations. An estimate on the remainder is obtained and it is demonstrated that the series is asymptotic.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures, accepted to Nonlinearity
Explanation for the absence of secondary peaks in black hole light curve autocorrelations
Creators: name: Cárdenas-Avendaño, Alejandro
name: Gammie, Charles
name: Lupsasca, Alexandru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed radiation from hot gas accreting onto a black hole depends on both the details of the flow and the spacetime geometry. The lensing behavior of a black hole produces a distinctive pattern of autocorrelations within its photon ring that encodes its mass, spin, and inclination. In particular, the time autocorrelation of the light curve is expected to display a series of peaks produced by light echoes of the source, with each peak delayed by the characteristic time lapse $τ$ between light echoes. However, such peaks are absent from the light curves of observed black holes. Here, we develop an analytical model for such light curves that demonstrates how, even though light echoes always exist in the signal, they do not produce autocorrelation peaks if the characteristic correlation timescale $λ_0$ of the source is greater than $τ$. We validate our model against simulated light curves of a stochastic accretion model ray traced with a general-relativistic code, and then fit the model to an observed light curve for Sgr A*. We infer that $λ_0>τ$, providing an explanation for the absence of light echoes in the time autocorrelations of Sgr A* light curves. Our results highlight the importance for black hole parameter inference of spatially resolving the photon ring via future space-based interferometry.
description: 5+8 pages, 1+5 figures. V2: The title was slightly modified to match the published version, and a new section was added to the appendix
Gravitational stability of simply rotating Myers-Perry black holes: tensorial perturbations
Creators: name: Kodama, Hideo
name: Konoplya, R. A.
name: Zhidenko, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stability of $D \geq 7$ asymptotically flat black holes rotating in a single two-plane against tensor-type gravitational perturbations. The extensive search of quasinormal modes for these black holes did not indicate any presence of growing modes, implying the stability of simply rotating Myers-Perry black holes against tensor-type perturbations.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, RevTeX
title: The use of informative and decorative pictures in health and safety posters for children
Creators: name: Copetti Klohn, Sara
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2019

description: This thesis investigates printed health and safety (H&S) information for children, focusing on pictures typically presented in posters and their relationship to the poster message. It examines the impact of different approaches to pictures on children aged 7 to 11. A sample of H&S information for children was analysed with a framework developed in this research. The analysis revealed that pictures tend to play either a decorative or an informative role, respectively independent of or supporting the message given in a poster’s text. The impact of the different types of picture was further investigated in two studies that aimed to identify children’s responses to them across two age groups: 7–8 year olds and 10–11 year olds. These age groups were chosen because the materials in the sample were targeted at 6–12 year olds, despite children’s developmental and cognitive differences across these years. Five posters were designed and tested. The verbal information was held constant in the posters but the pictorial information varied: two variants had informative pictures, two had decorative pictures, and one had no picture. The results suggested that children’s responses to the different kinds of picture differed according to their age. In the first study younger children benefitted more from the decorative picture than older children, who benefitted more from the informative picture. In the second study this polarisation was less evident. Overall, three concluding remarks were drawn from the studies: (1) Posters with informative picture communicate slightly better for older than younger children; (2) an emotional response to pictures benefits younger children more than older children; and finally, (3) tthe detail of picture–message relationship should be considered when designing posters for children. This thesis suggests that conducting research with lower and higher age segments might be beneficial for designing appropriate H&S information for children. A classification of pictures for artefacts such as posters for children is proposed. Finally, the limitations and contributions of the thesis are discussed, and suggestions are made for further research in this area to expand our understanding of how to maximise the impact of H&S posters for children.
On Inflation in the Presence of a Gaugino Condensate
Creators: name: Lebedev, Oleg
name: Papineau, Chloe
name: Postma, Marieke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of inflation on gaugino condensation in supergravity. Unless the Hubble scale H is significantly below the gaugino condensation scale, the gaugino condensate is a dynamical variable which cannot be integrated out. For a sufficiently high H, the gaugino condensate evolves to zero which in turn leads to dilaton/moduli destabilization. In practice, this often occurs at the Hubble rate about an order of magnitude below the gaugino condensation scale. This effect is independent of the specifics of moduli stabilization and thus places model independent constraints on inflationary scenarios. It also applies more generally to any periods of fast expansion in the early Universe.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure ; v2 matches published version in PLB
title: International handbook for the advancement of public health policies – Physical activity, health conditions and quality of life
Creators: name: Missias-Moreira, Ramon
name: Mota, Jorge
name: Santos, Paula Clara
Publisher: name: Publicações ESS
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: FOS: Health sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Vol. 2
Agronomic potential of new tomato hybrids as rootstocks for organic agriculture
Creators: name: Fonseca, Rocio
name: Ozuna, Carmen
name: Figás, María Rosario
name: Soler, Salvador
name: Prohens, Jaime
name: Lozano, Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Global climate change is the uppermost challenge for agriculture nowadays. The increase of temperatures, most of the time accompanied by a reduction of water availability, has a negative impact in plant growth and ultimately in crop production. Moreover, the growing population rate poses a huge concern on food availability and safety in this context of climate change. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a major vegetable crop highly appreciated by its nutritional qualities. Over the past decades, huge efforts have been made to genetically improve this species through breeding activities mainly directed to the development of varieties adapted to high input traditional systems instead of organic low input farming. Thus, the combined action of climate change and the consumers demand on greener and safer agricultural practices, makes necessary the development of varieties suitable for organic production under the climate change scenario. Funded by the European Union´s Horizon 2020, the BRESOV project aims to the development of new tomato varieties better adapted to climatic adverse conditions and to organic agriculture. The present work includes the implementation of a successful breeding programme which has allowed to obtain new inter- and intra-specific tomato hybrids. Their agronomic potential as rootstocks was tested under organic conditions, and BT02530 x BT00120, BT08300 x BT00250 and BT02220 x BT00230 hybrids were found to show higher fruit yield when compared to commercial rootstock hybrids. These hybrids also showed better agronomic performance under stress conditions, providing a suitable material for increasing resilience of organic tomato farming to climate adverse conditions.
How not to share a set of secrets
Creators: name: Sahasranand, K. R.
name: Nagaraj, Nithin
name: Rajan, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This note analyses one of the existing space efficient secret sharing schemes and suggests vulnerabilities in its design. We observe that the said algorithm fails for certain choices of the set of secrets and there is no reason for preferring this particular scheme over alternative schemes. The paper also elaborates the adoption of a scheme proposed by Hugo Krawczyk as an extension of Shamir's scheme, for a set of secrets. Such an implementation is space optimal and works for all choices of secrets. We also propose two new methods of attack which are valid under certain assumptions and observe that it is the elimination of random values that facilitates these kinds of attacks.
description: Added a new section demonstrating two new kinds of attack; 10 pages
Spin-orbit coupling induced orbital entanglement in a three-band Hubbard model
Creators: name: Igoshev, Petr A.
name: Chizhov, Danil E.
name: Irkhin, Valentin Yu.
name: Streltsov, Sergey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of the spin-orbit coupling on the ground state properties of the square-lattice three-band Hubbard model with a single electron per site is studied by a generalized Hartree-Fock approximation. We calculate the full phase diagram and show that there appear additional orbital-entangled phases brought about by competition of various exchange channels or by the spin-orbit coupling in addition to conventional states stabilized by the Kugel-Khomskii mechanism. One of these phases previously proposed to explain magnetic properties of Sr$_2$VO$_4$ is characterized by vanishing dipolar magnetic moments and antiferro-octupolar ordering. We calculated microscopic parameters for this material and demonstrate that it is located near a phase boundary of two orbital-entangled and two conventional antiferromagnetic ferro-orbital states.
title: Correlación clínico-metabólica en pacientes con esclerosis lateral amiotrófica: un estudio con espectroscopia-RM.
Creators: name: Vázquez Ólmos, Carlos
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
La esclerosis lateral amiotrófica (ELA) es una enfermedad que cursa con la degeneración de las motoneuronas de la corteza motora cerebral,
de los núcleos troncoencefálicos y del asta anterior de la médula (1), Fig. 1 , Fig. 2 , Fig. 3 .
El gran...
Light-induced atomic desorption and diffusion of Rb from porous alumina
Creators: name: Villalba, S.
name: Failache, H.
name: Lezama, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first study of light induced atom desorption (LIAD) of an alkali atom (Rb) in porous alumina. We observe the variation due to LIAD of the rubidium density in a vapor cell as a function of illumination time, intensity and wavelength. The simple and regular structure of the alumina pores allows a description of the atomic diffusion in the porous medium in which the diffusion constant only depends on the known pore geometry and the atomic sticking time to the pore wall. A simple one-dimensional theoretical model is presented which reproduces the essential features of the observed signals. Fitting of the model to the experimental data gives access to the diffusion constant and consequently the atom-wall sticking time and its dependence on light intensity and wavelength. The non-monotonic dependence of the LIAD yield on the illumination light frequency is indicative of the existence of Rb clusters in the porous medium.
title: Evaluación del infarto de miocardio con RM: Parámetros de imagen con valor pronóstico
Creators: name: Rodríguez Álvarez, Marta
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: MR
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
La cardiopatía isquémica es la causa más frecuente de mortalidad en los países desarrollados y constituye un grave problema social,
económico y sanitario.La Resonancia Magnética Cardíaca (RMC),
es una técnica no invasiva con crecientes...
Non-extensive statistical effects in high-energy collisions
Creators: name: Alberico, W. M.
name: Lavagno, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the basic prescriptions of the relativistic Tsallis' non-extensive thermostatistics, we investigate from a phenomenological point of view the relevance of non-extensive statistical effects on relativistic heavy-ion collisions observable, such as rapidity spectra of net proton production, transverse momentum distributions and transverse momentum fluctuations. Moreover, we study the nuclear and the subnuclear equation of state, investigating the critical densities of a phase transition to a hadron-quark-gluon mixed phase by requiring the Gibbs conditions on the global conservation of the electric and the baryon charges. The relevance of small deviations from the standard extensive statistics is studied in the context of intermediate and high energy heavy-ion collisions.
description: 11 pages, review for EPJA topical issue
Statistical analysis of single-server loss queueing systems
Creators: name: Abramov, Vyacheslav M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G30, 60K25

description: In this article statistical bounds for certain output characteristics of the $M/GI/1/n$ and $GI/M/1/n$ loss queueing systems are derived on the basis of large samples of an input characteristic of these systems, such as service time in the $M/GI/1/n$ queueing system or interarrival time in the $GI/M/1/n$ queueing system. The analysis of this article is based on application of Kolmogorov's statistics for empirical probability distribution functions.
description: This is the version of the paper that addresses the reviewer's report. A software for this paper (executable file) can be found in my homepage
title: Estudio MRI morfológico y funcional de la apertura torácica superior: más allá del outlet.
Creators: name: Martín Noguerol, Teodoro
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Thorax
subject: Molecular imaging
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Neoplasia

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Revisar los ajustes técnicos necesario para realizar tanto estudios morfológico de alta resolución de resonancia magnética como secuencias funcionales tales como la difusión (DWI),
los estudios dinámicos con contraste (DCE-MRI) y estudios de...
KU Leuven's BiblioTech Hackathon: Where Humanities and Data Meet!
Creators: name: Budke, Leah
name: Burke, Rebecca
name: Gabriëls, Nele
name: Grishin, Alisa
name: Narli, Laura
name: Kinnaes, Dirk
name: Fantoli, Margherita
name: Callari, Daisy
name: Sevens, Leen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In March 2023, KU Leuven Libraries, the Faculty of Arts, and the Humanities and Social Sciences Group joined forces to organize the first edition of the BiblioTech hackathon. The hackathon was a ten-day event focused on applying Digital Humanities tools and methods to the library’s digitized collections. During BiblioTech, teams of researchers, students, and university staff took on the challenge of applying DH tools to the datasets in creative ways in order to showcase the library’s collections and to open up new potential avenues of research.
Quantifying the uncertainty in CME kinematics derived from geometric modelling of Heliospheric Imager data
Creators: name: Barnard, Luke
name: Owens, Mathew
name: Scott, Christopher J.
name: Lockwood, Mike
name: de Koning, Curt A.
name: Amerstorfer, Tanja
name: Hinterreiter, Jürgen
name: Möstl, Christian
name: Davies, Jackie
name: Riley, Pete
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geometric modelling of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) is a widely used tool for assessing their kinematic evolution. Furthermore, techniques based on geometric modelling, such as ELEvoHI, are being developed into forecast tools for space weather prediction. These models assume that solar wind structure does not affect the evolution of the CME, which is an unquantified source of uncertainty. We use a large number of Cone CME simulations with the HUXt solar wind model to quantify the scale of uncertainty introduced into geometric modelling and the ELEvoHI CME arrival times by solar wind structure. We produce a database of simulations, representing an average, a fast, and an extreme CME scenario, each independently propagating through 100 different ambient solar wind environments. Synthetic heliospheric imager observations of these simulations are then used with a range of geometric models to estimate the CME kinematics. The errors of geometric modelling depend on the location of the observer, but do not seem to depend on the CME scenario. In general, geometric models are biased towards predicting CME apex distances that are larger than the true value. For these CME scenarios, geometric modelling errors are minimised for an observer in the L5 region. Furthermore, geometric modelling errors increase with the level of solar wind structure in the path of the CME. The ELEvoHI arrival time errors are minimised for an observer in the L5 region, with mean absolute arrival time errors of $8.2\pm1.2$~h, $8.3\pm1.0$~h, and $5.8\pm0.9$~h for the average, fast, and extreme CME scenarios.
description: 37 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in Space Weather
Design, modeling, and characteristics of ringshaped robot actuated by functional fluid
Creators: name: Mao, Zebing
name: Bai, Xuehang
name: Peng, Yanhong
name: Shen, Yayi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The controlled actuation of hydraulic and pneumatic actuators has unveiled fresh and thrilling opportunities for designing mobile robots with adaptable structures. Previously reported rolling robots, which were powered by fluidic systems, often relied on complex principles, cumbersome pump and valve systems, and intricate control strategies, limiting their applicability in other fields. In this investigation, we employed a distinct category of functional fluid identified as Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) fluid, serving as the pivotal element within the ring-shaped actuator. A short stream of functional fluid is placed within a fluidic channel and is then actuated by applying a direct current voltage aiming at shifting the center of mass of the robot and finally pushed the actuator to roll. We designed a ring-shaped fluidic robot, manufactured it using digital machining methods, and evaluated the robot's characteristics. Furthermore, we developed static and dynamic models to analyze the oscillation and rolling motion of the ring-shaped robots using the Lagrange method. This study is anticipated to contribute to the expansion of current research on EHD flexible actuators, enabling the realization of complex robotic systems.
A multitask transfer learning framework for the prediction of virus-human protein-protein interactions
Creators: name: Dong, Thi Ngan
name: Brogden, Graham
name: Gerold, Gisa
name: Khosla, Megha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Viral infections are causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Understanding the interaction patterns between a particular virus and human proteins plays a crucial role in unveiling the underlying mechanism of viral infection and pathogenesis. This could further help in the prevention and treatment of virus-related diseases. However, the task of predicting protein-protein interactions between a new virus and human cells is extremely challenging due to scarce data on virus-human interactions and fast mutation rates of most viruses. We developed a multitask transfer learning approach that exploits the information of around 24 million protein sequences and the interaction patterns from the human interactome to counter the problem of small training datasets. Instead of using hand-crafted protein features, we utilize statistically rich protein representations learned by a deep language modeling approach from a massive source of protein sequences. Additionally, we employ an additional objective which aims to maximize the probability of observing human protein-protein interactions. This additional task objective acts as a regularizer and also allows to incorporate domain knowledge to inform the virus-human protein-protein interaction prediction model. Our approach achieved competitive results on 13 benchmark datasets and the case study for the SAR-CoV-2 virus receptor. Experimental results show that our proposed model works effectively for both virus-human and bacteria-human protein-protein interaction prediction tasks. We share our code for reproducibility and future research at https://git.l3s.uni-hannover.de/dong/multitask-transfer.
Moduli of Smoothness and Approximation on the Unit Sphere and the Unit Ball
Creators: name: Dai, Feng
name: Xu, Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B15, 41A17, 41A63

description: A new modulus of smoothness based on the Euler angles is introduced on the unit sphere and is shown to satisfy all the usual characteristic properties of moduli of smoothness, including direct and inverse theorem for the best approximation by polynomials and its equivalence to a $K$-functional, defined via partial derivatives in Euler angles. The set of results on the moduli on the sphere serves as a basis for defining new moduli of smoothness and their corresponding $K$-functionals on the unit ball, which are used to characterize the best approximation by polynomials on the ball.
description: 63 pages, to appear in Advances in Math
Visualization of Atomic Structures on Faceted and Nonflat Surfaces by the Difference-of-Gaussians Approach
Creators: name: Aladyshkin, A. Yu.
name: Chaika, A. N.
name: Semenov, V. N.
name: Aladyshkina, A. S.
name: Bozhko, S. I.
name: Ionov, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed analysis of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) data acquired for faceted and non-flat surfaces is usually complicated due to the presence of a large number of surface areas tilted by large/variable angles relative to the scanning plane. As a consequence, standard methods of elimination of global or local slopes by either a plane subtraction or numerical differentiation seem to be ineffective. We demonstrate that a simple difference-of-Gaussians procedure provides output data corresponding to projection of a considered surface onto the scanning plane without undesirable contrast modifications. This method allows us to suppress small-scale noise, minimize effects of finite slopes in the SPM images along both fast and slow scanning directions and removes surface ripples without active participation of the operator. This method can be applied for fast on-the-fly visualization of experimental data, and for more detailed analysis, including high-precision determination of lattice parameters and angles between translation vectors for surface reconstruction of different terraces or surface domains. In order to estimate geometrical distortions introduced by our procedure, we compare the results obtained by the difference-of-Gaussians approach for the tilted surfaces with direct image rotation in 3D space.
description: 29 pages, 21 figures
Detecting structured sources in noisy images via Minkowski maps
Creators: name: Klatt, Michael Andreas
name: Mecke, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astronomy, biophysics, and material science often depend on the possibility to extract information out of faint spatial signals. Here we present a morphometric analysis technique to quantify the shape of structural deviations in greyscale images. It identifies important features in noisy spatial data, especially for short observation times and low statistics. Without assuming any prior knowledge about potential sources, the additional shape information can increase the sensitivity by 14 orders of magnitude compared to previous methods. Rejection rates can increase by an order of magnitude. As a key ingredient to such a dramatic increase, we accurately describe the distribution of the homogeneous background noise in terms of the density of states $Ω(A,P,χ)$ for the area $A$, perimeter $P$, and Euler characteristic $χ$ of random black-and-white images. The technique is successfully applied to data of the H.E.S.S. experiment for the detection of faint extended sources.
Mean Field Study of Superconductivity in the Square Lattice $t$-$J$ Model with Three-Site Hopping
Creators: name: Yang, Ke
name: Chen, Qianqian
name: Qiao, Lei
name: Zhu, Zheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It remains an open question whether the two-dimensional single-band pure Hubbard model and its related pure $t$-$J$ model truly capture the superconducting order in cuprates. Recent numerical studies on this issue have raised a notable disparity in superconducting order between the pure Hubbard model and the pure $t$-$J$ model. Inspired by these, we investigate the role of the three-site hopping term in $d$-wave superconductivity, such a term is usually neglected in the effective Hamiltonian of the Hubbard model, though its amplitude is of the same order as the superexchange coupling $J$ in the $t$-$J$ model. Our slave-boson mean-field solution demonstrates the suppression of $d$-wave superconducting order by incorporating the three-site hopping term, consistent with numerical observations by the density matrix renormalization group. This suppression could be understood as a result of competition between superexchange interaction and three-site hopping, the former favors $d$-wave pairing while the latter favors $s$-wave pairing. We also discussed its role in quasiparticle dispersion and boson-condensation temperature. Our findings may offer an alternative understanding of the recent numerical contrasting findings in the strong coupling regime: the absent or weak superconductivity in the pure Hubbard model, while the robust superconductivity in the $t$-$J$ model without including the three-site hopping term.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
An upper limit on late accretion and water delivery in the Trappist-1 exoplanet system
Creators: name: Raymond, Sean N.
name: Izidoro, Andre
name: Bolmont, Emeline
name: Dorn, Caroline
name: Selsis, Franck
name: Turbet, Martin
name: Agol, Eric
name: Barth, Patrick
name: Carone, Ludmila
name: Dasgupta, Rajdeep
name: Gillon, Michael
name: Grimm, Simon L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Trappist-1 system contains seven roughly Earth-sized planets locked in a multi-resonant orbital configuration, which has enabled precise measurements of the planets' masses and constrained their compositions. Here we use the system's fragile orbital structure to place robust upper limits on the planets' bombardment histories. We use N-body simulations to show how perturbations from additional objects can break the multi-resonant configuration by either triggering dynamical instability or simply removing the planets from resonance. The planets cannot have interacted with more than ${\sim 5\%}$ of an Earth mass (${M_\oplus}$) in planetesimals -- or a single rogue planet more massive than Earth's Moon -- without disrupting their resonant orbital structure. This implies an upper limit of ${10^{-4}}$ to ${10^{-2} M_\oplus}$ of late accretion on each planet since the dispersal of the system's gaseous disk. This is comparable to or less than the late accretion on Earth after the Moon-forming impact, and demonstrates that the Trappist-1 planets' growth was complete in just a few million years, roughly an order of magnitude faster than Earth's. Our results imply that any large water reservoirs on the Trappist-1 planets must have been incorporated during their formation in the gaseous disk.
description: Published in Nature Astronomy (Nov 25, 2021). This is the authors' version including Methods and Supplementary Info
Aspetti dell'architettura religiosa a Trento: il caso della basilica di S. Maria Maggiore
Architectural features of religious buildings in Trento: the S. Maria Maggiore case
Creators: name: Zanfini, Massimo <1975>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: L-ANT/10 Metodologie della ricerca archeologica

description: Lo scavo di Santa Maria Maggiore a Trento ha permesso di mettere in luce strutture precedenti fino al I sec. d.C. . Di queste, il presente lavoro ha analizzato quelle riferibili agli edifici sacri, di cui il primo costruito nella seconda metà del V sec. d.C. . Lo studio dell'edificio è stato utilizzato per cercare di comprendere le modalità con cui è avvenuta la monumentalizzazione dei luoghi di culto a Trento, e le dinamiche di interazione tra comunità religiosa e autorità civile.
description: The excavation of the church of Santa Maria Maggiore in Trento allowed us to bring to light previous archaeological structures until the I B.C.. This thesis analized the structures that can be referred to the previous churches, the first built in the second half of the 5th century. The data has been studied in order to understand how the first monumental christian buildings were built in Trento, and the methods of the interaction between the christian community and the constituted authority.
LuxTIME Project: Lessons Learned
Creators: name: Apostolopoulos Petros
name: Takats Sean
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: digital history, digital humanities, time machines

description: In this presentation, we will share our experience from the creation of the LuxTIME consortium, and we will discuss our findings from the interviews that we had with the main stakeholders of historical data in Luxembourg.
title: Actualización del papel de las pruebas de imagen en la estadificación y el seguimiento del cáncer de vejiga.
Creators: name: Rebollo García, Natividad
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
El objetivo del siguiente trabajo es realizar una revisión sistemática del papel actual de las pruebas de imagen en el diagnóstico,
estadificación y seguimiento del cáncer de...
title: Criterios RECIST y nuevas revisiones. Utilidad en la práctica diaria.
Creators: name: Matilla Muñoz, Alicia
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Oncology

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
El objetivo principal de este estudio es revisar los criterios de respuesta al tratamiento de tumores. Principalmente nos centraremos en los criterios RECIST versión 1.1,
que evalúan la respuesta al tratamiento de tumores sólidos,
para...
Cattolici e liberali dall'antifascismo alla seconda guerra mondiale (1925-1943)
Catholics and Liberal from Antifascim to the Second World War (1925-1943)
Creators: name: Mazzei, Federico <1983>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: M-STO/04 Storia contemporanea

description: Il quadro tematico della tesi è la storia politica e culturale delle relazioni tra il cattolicesimo democratico di origine «popolare» e la tradizione del liberalismo italiano, in un arco cronologico compreso tra l’antifascismo dell’Aventino e la fondazione della Democrazia Cristiana. L’ipotesi della ricerca è che proprio in questo «lungo viaggio» la classe dirigente del cattolicesimo politico (a cominciare dalla leadership di Alcide De Gasperi) abbia completato quel processo di acculturazione in senso «liberale» che le avrebbe consentito di guidare consensualmente l’uscita dal fascismo nel secondo dopoguerra.
description: The framework of the thesis deals with the political and cultural history of the relationship between the democratic Chatolicism stemming from the Italian Popular Party and the tradition of the Italian Liberalism, from the antifascist coalition of the «Aventino» to the establishment of Christian Democracy. The assumption of the research is that in its «long way» the political membership of the political Catholicism (starting with De Gasperi leadership) had go through with a process of «liberal» acculturation, that would allow it to lead the exit-strategy from Fascism in the Second post-World War.
Parental investment in threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus
Creators: name: Pressley, Peter Harold
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Parental investment, defined as any parental activity that1 increases the survival of offspring at a cost to the parent, is a useful concept for examining the selective bases of parental behavior. To maximize its lifetime production of surviving offspring, a parent should adjust its level of risk in a parental investment depending on the value of its future "prospects" in relation to its present young. as present young increase in value, either by number or age, a parent should expend more risk in a parental investment so long as the effectiveness of its behavior does not diminish. This will often be the case for a parent that defends a nest containing eggs. The prediction of an increase in parental risk for more eggs or older eggs has been tested using two natural populations of threespine stickleback, Gasteros teus- acule^tus L. Male sticklebacks that were guarding nests were presented with a dummy predator, the prickly sculpin Cottus asper, and their responses were measured. Those males that remained within their nest area and attacked the dummy sculpin had a larger number of eggs or older eggs than those males that deserted their nests and never attacked the dummy. In the population that is sympatric with sculpins, males that initially attacked the sculpin's head had older eggs than those which avoided the head but attacked the tail area. The level of the male's responsiveness, and associated risk, was recorded in a series of quantitative measures. The time it took a male to return to its nest, as well as the time to attack the sculpin dummy, was shorter for males with a larger number of eggs or older eggs. The number of bites at the dummy in the first minute after the initial attack increased as the egg number and egg age increased. Changes in male risk were in the predicted direction and none of the responses could be associated with any single biological or environmental factor other than the number or age of the eggs.
Comparison of affinity chromatography supports for separation of protein
Confronto tra supporti cromatografici di affinità per separazione di proteine
Creators: name: De Sousa Silva, Jouciane <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: ING-IND/24 Principi di ingegneria chimica

description: Chromatography is the most widely used technique for high-resolution separation and analysis of proteins. This technique is very useful for the purification of delicate compounds, e.g. pharmaceuticals, because it is usually performed at milder conditions than separation processes typically used by chemical industry. This thesis focuses on affinity chromatography. Chromatographic processes are traditionally performed using columns packed with porous resin. However, these supports have several limitations, including the dependence on intra-particle diffusion, a slow mass transfer mechanism, for the transport of solute molecules to the binding sites within the pores and high pressure drop through the packed bed. These limitations can be overcome by using chromatographic supports like membranes or monoliths. Dye-ligands are considered important alternatives to natural ligands. Several reactive dyes, particularly Cibacron Blue F3GA, are used as affinity ligand for protein purification. Cibacron Blue F3GA is a triazine dye that interacts specifically and reversibly with albumin. The aim of this study is to prepare dye-affinity membranes and monoliths for efficient removal of albumin and to compare the three different affinity supports: membranes and monoliths and a commercial column HiTrapTM Blue HP, produced by GE Healthcare. A comparison among the three supports was performed in terms of binding capacity at saturation (DBC100%) and dynamic binding capacity at 10% breakthrough (DBC10%) using solutions of pure BSA. The results obtained show that the CB-RC membranes and CB-Epoxy monoliths can be compared to commercial support, column HiTrapTM Blue HP, for the separation of albumin. These results encourage a further characterization of the new supports examined.
Effective removal of global tilt from topography images of vicinal surfaces with narrow terraces
Creators: name: Aladyshkin, A. Yu.
name: Chaika, A. N.
name: Semenov, V. N.
name: Ionov, A. M.
name: Bozhko, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main feature of vicinal surfaces of crystals characterized by the Miller indices (hhm) is rather small width (less than 10 nm) and substantially large length (more than 200 nm) of atomically-flat terraces on sample surface. This makes difficult to apply standard methods of image processing and correct visualization of crystalline lattices at the terraces and multiatomic steps. Here we consider two procedures allowing us to minimize effects of both small-scale noise and global tilt of sample: (i) analysis of the difference of two Gaussian blurred images, and (ii) subtraction of the plane, whose parameters are determined by optimization of the histogram of the visible heights, from raw topography image. It is shown that both methods provide nondistorted images demonstrating atomic structures on vicinal Si(556) and Si(557) surfaces.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures