Anastrepha nigra Norrbom & Korytkowski 2009, new species
Creators: name: Norrbom, Allen L.
name: Korytkowski, Cheslavo A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Anastrepha
Anastrepha nigra

description: Anastrepha nigra, new species   
Figs. 10, 45–46, 80–81, 126–127, 154, 201–202  
 Anastrepha nigra Norrbom & Korytkowski in Korytkowski 2004: 57 [nomen nudum; in key].   
 Diagnosis. Anastrepha nigra differs from most species of Anastrepha in having a posterior extension from the basal part of the S-band to the wing margin in the middle of cell cu 1 that is connected to the proximal arm of the V-band along the wing margin. It differs from the other species having that wing character in having the wing pattern more extensively brown, including the C-band in cells r 1 and r 2+3 posterior to pterostigma entirely brown. It is similar to A. partita in having a very slender aculeus with a short tip, but A. partita has shorter terminalia with the distal part of the aculeus tip less distinctly constricted. In A. nigra the oval distal part is strongly ventrally projected and demarcated by ridges. Anastrepha nigra also differs from A. partita in that the orange area bordering crossvein dm-cu does not extend into cell r 4+5 or is absent. Other useful diagnostic characters include: mesonotum and abdomen without brown markings; C-band and S-band and S-band and Vband broadly connected; and vein M only slightly curved apically, cell r 4+5 1.13–1.31 times as wide at apex as at level of dm-cu.   
 Description. Mostly yellow to orange, with white to pale yellow markings. Setae orange to dark red brown.   
Head: Yellow to orange except brown ocellar tubercle. 3–5 frontal setae; 2 orbital setae, posterior seta well developed. Ocellar seta weak, at most 1.5 times as long as ocellar tubercle. Facial carina, in profile, straight or slightly convex dorsally and medially. Antenna extended 0.75–0.85 distance to ventral facial margin.  
Thorax (Fig. 10): Without brown markings. Mostly yellow to orange with following areas white or pale yellow (not always well differentiated in dried specimens): postpronotal lobe; paired sublateral scutal vitta from transverse suture to posterior margin, including base of intra-alar seta; entire scutellum; dorsal margin of anepisternum; katepimeron; and most of anatergite and katatergite. Scutum orange medially, without pale vitta; posterior margin without darker band. Subscutellum and mediotergite entirely orange. Mesonotum 3.87–4.36 mm long. Scutum entirely microtrichose; setulae mostly yellow to orange, brownish laterally. Katepisternal seta weak, less than half as large as anepimeral seta.  
 Wing (Figs. 45–46): Length 8.95–10.2 mm, width 3.75–4.1 mm, ratio 2.29–2.55. Apex of vein R 1 at 0.50–0.55 wing length. Cell c 1.20–1.41 times as long as pterostigma; pterostigma 2.78–4.23 times as long as wide. Vein R 2+3 without sharp bends or undulations. Crossvein r-m at 0.65–0.68 distance from bm-cu to dm-cu on vein M. Vein M only slightly curved apically; cell r 4+5 1.13–1.31 times as wide at apex as at level of dm-cu. Cell bcu with distal lobe moderately long, length of bcu 1.55–1.70 times as long as anterior margin. Wing pattern mostly moderate to dark brown. C-band with cell bc yellowish to subhyaline; cell c yellowish, slightly darker basally, distal 0.33–0.67 anteriorly dark brown, yellow area extended into posterobasal 0.20–0.33 of pterostigma and narrowly into adjoining part of cell r 1; remainder of band in pterostigma, cells r 1, r 2+3, and br, except base of br, dark brown or occasionally with small, irregular orange areas subapically in r 1 and r 2+3. C-band and S-band broadly connected along vein R 4+5; hyaline area in cell br relatively small, usually reaching vein R 4+5, and 1.00–1.25 times as long as distal brown area of cell; cell dm with basal hyaline area moderately large. Basal half of S-band dark brown except for large medial orange area from anterior end of rm to or almost to vein Cu 1, proximal margin in cell dm without brown margin; with brown, lobelike projection to posterior wing margin in middle of cell cu 1 broadly connected to proximal arm of V-band along wing margin; distal section of S-band dark brown, usually with small orange area in cell r 2+3 proximal to connection with V-band, and with large orange medial area distally, moderately broad, at apex of vein R 2+3 0.73–0.83 times width of cell r 2+3, even in width or very slightly broadening in cell r 2+3, well separated from apex of vein M; hyaline area proximal to it usually ending at vein R 2+3 (narrowly separated from vein in 2 females). Hyaline basomarginal spot in cell r 1 triangular with blunt apex, distal side slightly elongated, extended to R 4+5, its apex aligned proximal to crossvein r-m. V-band complete, mostly brown, broadly connected to S-band in cell r 2+3; proximal arm usually with very narrow medial orange area bordering most or all of dm-cu but not extending into cell r 4+5; moderately broad anteriorly, gradually slightly broadening posteriorly, at level of vein M 1.6–2.33 times as wide as distal arm and 0.87–1.36 times as wide as hyaline area proximal to it in cells r 4+5 and dm; distal arm slender, sometimes broader basally.   
Abdomen: Mostly orange, without brown markings.  
Male terminalia (Figs. 201–202): Lateral surstylus short, extended beyond prensisetae by ca. 1.5 times length of prensiseta; in lateral view posteriorly curved to bluntly triangular apex; in posterior view gradually tapered to blunt apex, lateral margin slightly concave, medial margin convex. Proctiger with ventral and lateral sclerotized areas connected but lateral areas separate dorsally. Phallus 6.49–7.00 mm long, 1.51–1.71 times as long as mesonotum; glans 0.45–0.54 mm long.  
Female terminalia: Oviscape (Fig. 10) 4.07–4.83 mm long, 1.05–1.13 times as long as mesonotum; distal 0.40 or more brown; spiracle at basal 0.24–0.28. Eversible membrane (Figs. 80–81) with 12–15 long slender hooklike dorsobasal scales in 1–2 irregular rows separated from minute basal denticles by several rows of weakly sclerotized small more widely spaced scales. Aculeus (Figs. 126–127) slightly ventrally curved in lateral view, 4.02–4.06 mm long; in ventral view base 0.18–0.20 mm wide; shaft 0.04–0.05 mm wide at midlength; tip (Fig. 154) 0.09–0.12 mm long, 0.03–0.045 mm wide, 2.25–2.78 times as long as wide, 0.03–0.04 mm wide in lateral view, 0.87–0.89 times ventral width, in ventral view with strong subbasal constriction, distal 0.70–0.78 oval, produced ventrally, lateral margin irregular but nonserrate. Spermathecae spherical.  
 Distribution. Anastrepha nigra is known only from Panamá.   
 Biology. The host plants and other aspects of the biology of this species other than dates of capture of adults are unknown.   
 Type Data. Holotype female (National Museum of Natural History, Washington, USNMENT00215494), PANAMÁ: Panamá: Parque Nacional Chagres, Altos de Pacora [9°15'28"N 79°21'24"W], Lote H 4, McPhail trap 567, 28 Jul 2000, C. A. Korytkowski. Paratypes: PANAMÁ: Panamá: Altos de Pacora, 1998, 2♂ (USNM USNMENT00214872-73); Altos de Pacora, Chayotera, 10 Jul 1998, trap 547, 1♀ (MEUP); same, trap 548, 13 Jul 2001, 1♂ (MEUP); Altos de Pacora, Lote H 4, Lote H4, McPhail trap 567, 28 Jul 2000, C. A. Korytkowski, 1♂ 4♀ (USNM USNMENT00215489-93); Altos de Pacora, trap 551, 14 Aug 1997, 1♀ (MEUP USNMENT00214902); same, trap 537, 14 Aug 1997, 2♂ (USNM USNMENT00215487-88); same, 14 Aug 1997, trap 567, 1♀ (MEUP); Altos de Pacora, Migdalia Fuentes, McPhail trap 542, 22 Jul 1997, C. A. Korytkowski, 1♀ (MEUP); Altos de Pacora, Villa Myrtha, McPhail trap 519, 25 Jul 2000, C. A. Korytkowski, 2♀ (MEUP USNMENT00214903-04).   
 Etymology. The name of this species is a Latin adjective referring to the dark wing pattern.
description: Published as part of Norrbom, Allen L. & Korytkowski, Cheslavo A., 2009, A revision of the Anastrepha robusta species group (Diptera: Tephritidae) 2182, pp. 1-91 in Zootaxa 2182 (1) on pages 37-38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2182.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5316544