cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH: BENEFITS AND BENEFICIARIES OF ALTERNATIVE FUNDING MECHANISM
Creators: name: Huffman, Wallace E.
name: Just, Richard E.
name: Huffman, Wallace E.
name: Just, Richard E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: research
subject: R&D
subject: funding
subject: innovations
subject: science
subject: agriculture

description: The United States has developed a very successful R&D system for agriculture. It is a system with shared cost/financing and performance by the federal and state governments and by the private sector. The paper presents an economic analysis of alternative organization, management, incentive, and funding mechanisms for agricultural research under budget constraints, including some emphasis on the kinds of benefits that are generated and the groups that receive them. We conclude that the private sector should be permitted to carry out research that it finds profitable to undertake with minimal competition from the public sector. The public research institutions should focus on general and pretechnology science programs that complement private R&D activities and conduct applied research in areas where innovations are socially beneficial but not privately profitable. The mechanism for channeling public funds to researchers, e.g., formula, competitive grants, or ear-marks can be expected to affect the types of benefits/impacts of agricultural research conducted and the efficiency of the research activity. The management of research is difficult because of the large amount of uncertainty associated with innovations and contracting problems.
Academic economies : scholarship, publishing, capital
Creators: name: Pollex, Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis explores the growing relationship between the realms of academic knowledge production, scholarly publishing and the capitalist marketplace. Beginning with an early formulation of the goals of the modern university as understood by Immanuel Kant, I examine the extent to which these ideals, which I refer to as academic liberalism, are inadequate to account for academic practices today. Despite several theoretical attempts to justify the autonomy of academic practice, I demonstrate how a contemporary account of academic practice must reconsider it s socio-economic situation. I follow a sociology of knowledge methodology to examine the extent to which our current political economic situation leads to economic crises in academia. Among the more significant of these crises, I argue, is the “crisis of consumption” for academic libraries. In this crisis lies one of the connections of scholarship to the logic and practices of contemporary capitalism. With the loss of academic knowledge's primary consumer, a chain reaction is set off throughout the system of scholarly production where scholarly publishers must scramble for new markets in order to maintain their already modest print runs. Through interviews and institutional ethnographic data, I demonstrate the extent to which the consumer is considered as a factor in the publication of scholarly knowledge. An engagement of scholarship with consumer culture also brings about many significant changes for the academic author. Using the cultural Marxist theories of Jean Baudrillard and Pierre Bourdieu, I examine how publishing in consumer culture leads to a variety of forms of commodification for the academic author. Ultimately, I demonstrate that economic forces penetrate the very practices that are traditionally thought to exist outside of economic determination.
The role of primary point defects in the degradation of silicon detectors due to hadron and lepton irradiation
Creators: name: Lazanu, I.
name: Lazanu, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The principal obstacle to long-time operation of silicon detectors at the highest energies in the next generation of experiments arises from bulk displacement damage which causes significant degradation of their macroscopic properties. The analysis of the behaviour of silicon detectors after irradiation conduces to a good or reasonable agreement between theoretical calculations and experimental data for the time evolution of the leakage current and effective carrier concentration after lepton and gamma irradiation and large discrepancies after hadron irradiation and this in conditions where a reasonable agreement is obtained between experimental and calculated concentrations of complex defects. In this contribution, we argue that the main discrepancies could be solved naturally considering as primary defects the self-interstitials, classical vacancies and the new predicted fourfold coordinated silicon pseudo-vacancy defects. This new defect is supposed to be introduced uniformly in the bulk during irradiation, has deep energy level(s) in the gap and it is stable in time. Considering the mechanisms of production of defects and their kinetics, it was possible to determine indirectly the characteristics of the SiFFCD defect: energy level in the band gap and cross section for minority carrier capture. In the frame of the model, the effects of primary defects on the degradation of silicon detectors are important in conditions of continuous long time irradiation and /or high fluences.
description: version to appear in Physica Scripta
High contribution of methane in greenhouse gas emissions from a eutrophic lake: a mass balance synthesis
Creators: name: Arianto B. Santoso
name: Hamilton, David P.
name: Schipper, Louis A.
name: Ostrovsky, Ilia S.
name: Hendy, Chris H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Lakes are ‘hotspots’ for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, primarily carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4). Understanding the processes regulating GHG emissions from lakes, and their temporal variability, is essential for more accurately quantifying the role of lakes in global GHG cycles. In this study, we identified the processes that affect CO2 and CH4 concentrations in a small (0.3 km2) eutrophic monomictic lake (Okaro, New Zealand). A mass balance model was used to calculate changes in CO2 and CH4 storage in the lake as a result of internal cycling and atmospheric fluxes. To support model computations, CO2 and CH4 concentrations profiles were measured monthly over a one-year period, in addition to temperature, dissolved oxygen and chlorophyll a. Annually, Lake Okaro acted as a sink of CO2 from the atmosphere (425.4 mmol CO2 m−2 y−1) and a source of CH4 (553.4 mmol CH4 m−2 y−1) equating to a net GHG emission (diffusive fluxes of CO2 and CH4 combined) of 0.22 kg CO2-eq m−2 y−1. Although it may be viewed as conservative and applies only to diffusive fluxes, our study indicates that eutrophic lakes with high rates of primary production may act as a net source of GHGs.
Infrared spectroscopy of solid CO-CO2 mixtures and layers
Creators: name: van Broekhuizen, F. A.
name: Groot, I. M. N.
name: Fraser, H. J.
name: van Dishoeck, E. F.
name: Schlemmer, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectra of pure, mixed and layered CO and CO2 ices have been studied systematically under laboratory conditions using infrared spectroscopy. This work provides improved resolution spectra (0.5 cm-1) of the CO2 bending and asymmetric stretching mode, as well as the CO stretching mode, extending the existing Leiden database of laboratory spectra to match the spectral resolution reached by modern telescopes and to support the interpretation of the most recent data from Spitzer. It is shown that mixed and layered CO and CO2 ices exhibit very different spectral characteristics, which depend critically on thermal annealing and can be used to distinguish between mixed, layered and thermally annealed CO-CO2 ices. CO only affects the CO2 bending mode spectra in mixed ices below 50K under the current experimental conditions, where it exhibits a single asymmetric band profile in intimate mixtures. In all other ice morphologies the CO2 bending mode shows a double peaked profile, similar to that observed for pure solid CO2. Conversely, CO2 induces a blue-shift in the peak-position of the CO stretching vibration, to a maximum of 2142 cm-1 in mixed ices, and 2140-2146 cm-1 in layered ices. As such, the CO2 bending mode puts clear constraints on the ice morphology below 50K, whereas beyond this temperature the CO2 stretching vibration can distinguish between initially mixed and layered ices. This is illustrated for the low-mass YSO HH46, where the laboratory spectra are used to analyse the observed CO and CO2 band profiles and try to constrain the formation scenarios of CO2.
description: Accepted in A&A
The $B_K$ Kaon Parameter in the Chiral Limit
Creators: name: Bijnens, Johan
name: Gamiz, Elvira
name: Prades, Joaquim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce four-point functions in the hadronic ladder resummation approach to large $N_c$ QCD Green functions. We determine the relevant one to calculate the $B_K$ kaon parameter in the chiral limit. This four-point function contains both the large momenta QCD OPE and the small momenta ChPT at NLO limits, analytically. We get $\hat B_K^χ= 0.38 \pm 0.15$. We also give the ChPT result at NLO for the relevant four-point function to calculate $B_K$ outside the chiral limit, while the leading QCD OPE is the same as the chiral limit one.
description: 17 pages
VLT L-band mapping of the Galactic Center IRS 3-IRS 13 region Evidence for new Wolf-Rayet type stars
Creators: name: Moultaka, J.
name: Eckart, A.
name: Schoedel, R.
name: Viehmann, T.
name: Najarro, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents L-band ISAAC and NAOS/CONICA (VLT) spectroscopic observations of the IRS~3-IRS~13 Galactic Center region. The ISAAC data allowed us to build the first spectroscopic data cube of the region in the L-band domain corrected for the foreground extinction. Maps of the water ice and hydrocarbon absorption line strength were then derived. These maps are important diagnostics of the interstellar and circumstellar medium (resp. ISM and CSM). They support our previous results that the absorption features are most probably occuring in the local Galactic center medium and can be associated with the individual sources. Moreover, turbulence seems to affect the studied region of the minispiral which appears like a mixture of a dense and diffuse medium. The Br alpha and Pf gamma emission line maps allowed us to find three sources with broad lines corresponding to a FWHM deconvolved line width of about 1100 km/s and moving towards us with a radial velocity of about -300km/s. These sources are most probably new Wolf-Rayet type stars located in projection to the north and west of IRS 3. Their derived radial velocities and proper motions show that only two of them might belong to the two rotating disks of young stars reported by Genzel et al. (2003) and Levin & Beloborodov (2003)...
description: 12 pages, 11 figures and 2 tables. Accepted in A&A
DEMAND SYSTEM ANALYSIS WITH EMPHASIS ON CONTAINER SIZES OF NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES.
Creators: name: Stockton, Matthew C.
name: Capps, Oral
name: Stockton, Matthew C.
name: Capps, Oral
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: A demand system that includes five different beverages of various container sizes was estimated using a Censor Corrected Almost Ideal Demand System (CAIDS). Resulting elasticities provide information about intra-product relationships (same product but different sizes), intra-size relationships (different products same container size), and inter-product relationships (different products and different sizes).
Generalized Estimation Methods for Non-i.i.d. Binary Data: An Application to Dichotomous Choice Contingent Valuation
Creators: name: Kim, Sooil
name: Haab, Timothy C.
name: Kim, Sooil
name: Haab, Timothy C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: We challenge the assumption of i.i.d random utility across alternatives embedded in typical applications of logit models to dichotomous choice contingent valuation data. Using a Gumbel mixed distribution which nests a number of traditional models, we show that the logistic distribution is not a suitable distribution for contingent valuation analysis.
Trends in savannah waterbirds: protected area effect and influence of global threats on differing guilds
Creators: name: Tarakini, Tawanda
name: Mundy, Peter
name: Fritz, Hervé
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Understanding species threats is underpinned by information on their population trends. We investigated the contribution of population drivers associated with 86 waterbird species’ trends at a local scale, Hwange National Park (HNP) and a national scale (Zimbabwe). We used logistic regression models to test whether waterbird population trends differed across migration types, seasons, species traits (guild, weight, index of diet variety, social foraging and breeding systems), scale of use by humans (whether the waterbird species utilisation is documented at local or international scale) and susceptibility to hunting and diseases. In HNP during the wet season, waterbird population trends were mostly stable or increasing. During the dry season, larger species were more likely to be recorded, more so for those threatened by hunting, compared with the species limited by diseases. Colonial resident waterbirds had more increasing population trends in HNP in comparison to the solitary ones. At the Zimbabwean scale, records for 35% of species decreased during the wet season, and the declines were more pronounced in large birds. During the dry season, species threatened by habitat disturbances were more likely to decrease. Habitat disturbances and/or use of waterbirds at the international scale are more associated with declining trends than ecological and life history traits. We have shown that HNP, a protected area with mostly a pan wetland-system is supporting growing waterbird populations despite the species facing global negative population trends.
Deliverable 1.6 Updated and final version of all instruments and tools
Creators: name: Regeer, Barbara
name: Kok, Kristiaan P.W.
name: Van der Meij, Marjoleine
name: Malagrida, Rosina
name: Pino, Marina
name: Paca, Cristina
name: Doric, Iva
name: Gemen, Raymond
name: Lazaro Mojica, Jonas
name: Brierley, Chrissie
name: Broerse, Jacqueline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: FIT4FOOD2030
Dissemination
Responsible Research and Innovation
Food and Nutrition Security
FOOD2030EU
Food system transformation
Tools for transformation

description: This deliverable describes the work carried out under the umbrella of the Working Group on Tools for Transformation, established within the FIT4FOOD2030 project. The goal of this working group was to collect all the tools that have been developed throughout the project, and to make them available online on an engaging platform in suitable formats to be used by a wide range of stakeholders interested in the role of R&I in food system transformation, such as researchers, policy makers, innovators and educators. The result of these efforts is the FIT4FOO2030 Knowledge Hub. It can be accessed through: https://knowledgehub.fit4food2030.eu/ The Knowledge Hub already contains over 80 tools, including training programs, short exercises and communication materials. While the Working Group on Tools for Transformation operated under Work Package 1 (WP1, “Methodology to build the FOOD2030 Platform”), the website development efforts were led by WP7 (“Communication, dissemination and future engagement”) and the tools themselves are developed by many different partners in the project.
The Value of Sample Information for Water Quality Management
Creators: name: Shortle, James S.
name: Sung, Hwansoo
name: Shortle, James S.
name: Sung, Hwansoo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: There is considerable interest in watershed-based pollution water quality protection but the approach can be highly information intensive (USEPA 2004, NRC 2000). This study examines the value of different types and levels of information for water quality management in the Conestoga watershed. For this estimation, a Monte Carlo procedure is used to construct the posterior expected value. Then, an Evolutionary Optimization Strategy with Covariance Matrix Adaptation (CMA-ES) is used to compute the expected value of optimized resources allocations given posterior information structures for specific sample sizes. This posterior optimization is nested within a second Monte Carlo simulation that computes the preposterior expectation (a nested Monte Carlo procedure). Thus, this paper provides some insight about the relative values of these alternative types of information for controlling water pollution from agriculture, and the gains from more intensive sampling.
Modified cosmology through spacetime thermodynamics and Barrow horizon entropy
Creators: name: Saridakis, Emmanuel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present modified cosmological scenarios that arise from the application of the "gravity-thermodynamics" conjecture, using the Barrow entropy instead of the usual Bekenstein-Hawking one. The former is a modification of the black hole entropy due to quantum-gravitational effects that deform the black-hole horizon by giving it an intricate, fractal structure. We extract modified cosmological equations which contain new extra terms that constitute an effective dark-energy sector, and which coincide with the usual Friedmann equations in the case where the new Barrow exponent acquires its Bekenstein-Hawking value. We present analytical expressions for the evolution of the effective dark energy density parameter, and we show that the universe undergoes through the usual matter and dark-energy epochs. Additionally, the dark-energy equation-of-state parameter is affected by the value of the Barrow deformation exponent and it can lie in the quintessence or phantom regime, or experience the phantom-divide crossing. Finally, at asymptotically large times the universe always results in the de-Sitter solution.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
The origin of the phase separation in partially deuterated $κ$-(ET)$_2$Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Br studied by infrared magneto-optical imaging spectroscopy
Creators: name: Nishi, T.
name: Kimura, S.
name: Takahashi, T.
name: Ito, T.
name: Im, H. J.
name: Kwon, Y. S.
name: Miyagawa, K.
name: Taniguchi, H.
name: Kawamoto, A.
name: Kanoda, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The direct observation of the phase separation between the metallic and insulating states of 75 %-deuterated $κ$-(ET)$_2$Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Br ($d33$) using infrared magneto-optical imaging spectroscopy is reported, as well as the associated temperature, cooling rate, and magnetic field dependencies of the separation. The distribution of the center of spectral weight ($< ω>$) of $d33$ did not change under any of the conditions in which data were taken and was wider than that of the non-deuterated material. This result indicates that the inhomogenity of the sample itself is important as part of the origin of the metal - insulator phase separation.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Solid State Commun
Study of the effect of the tensor correlation on the alpha clustering in 8Be with the charge- and parity-projected Hartree-Fock method
Creators: name: Sugimoto, Satoru
name: Ikeda, Kiyomi
name: Toki, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of the tensor correlation in the alpha clustering in 8Be. We take as the wave function of the alpha particle the one calculated by the charge- and parity-projected Hartree- Fock method, which was proposed by us recently. We use the wave function in a cluster-model calculation. The expectation value of the potential energy from the tensor force is almost double of that in the alpha particle. The energy surface as the function of the relative distance of two alpha particles becomes much steeper in an inner region by the inclusion of the tensor correlation in the wave function of the alpha particle. This is caused by the p-state mixing induced by the tensor correlation. By superposing the wave function with different relative distances, the reasonable binding energy of 8Be is obtained.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
Quantum dimer phases in a frustrated spin ladder: Effective field theory approach and exact diagonalization
Creators: name: Vekua, Temo
name: Honecker, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase diagram of a frustrated S=1/2 antiferromagnetic spin ladder with additional next-nearest neighbor exchanges, both diagonal and inchain, is studied by a weak-coupling effective field theory approach combined with exact diagonalization for finite systems. In addition to two known phases with rung-singlet and Haldane-type ground states, we observe two new phases with dimerization along the chains. Furthermore, the transitions between the different phases are studied and shown to be either first order or to belong to the universality class of the two-dimensional Ising model. The nature of elementary excitations is discussed briefly.
description: 10 pages RevTex4, 7 figures; final version with some small extensions; to appear in Phys. Rev. B
PROFITABILITY OF FERTILIZER USE ON MAIZE BY SMALL-SCALE FARMING HOUSEHOLDS IN ZAMBIA
Creators: name: Xu, Zhiying
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Black, J. Roy
name: Govereh, Jones
name: Xu, Zhiying
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Black, J. Roy
name: Govereh, Jones
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Farm Management

description: Multi-year nationwide survey data is used to estimate maize yield response functions and determine profitability of fertilizer use by small-scale farmers in Zambia. Most previous research on economics of fertilization used estimates of yield response to nutrients based on experimental or simulation data and seldom investigated region-specific and management-specific effects. In this paper we address the main issues arising from using large survey data and estimate maize yield response functions for different groups of households that have various management practices and soil conditions in two major agro-climatic zones. Profitability of fertilizer use is determined for each group in each zone and the results provide the following messages. First, households that obtained fertilizer on time and used animal draught power or mechanical power for land preparation are more likely to find fertilizer use profitable than other groups of households located in the same district. Second, farmers' proximity to the provincial centers has a significant impact on the profitability of fertilizer use. Greater distances and transport costs from provincial centers erode the profitability of fertilizer use. Third, high time preferences for money also reduce the profitability of fertilizer use. Thus, despite achieving relatively high physical crop response rates to fertilizer use in some areas, small farmers may find fertilizer use unprofitable until efforts are made to reduce transportation costs and implicit interest rates as well as to ensure more timely delivery of fertilizer.
Pronominierte Nominalformen im Altlitauischen
Creators: name: Hock, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Pronominierte Nominalformen
subject: Leskiens Gesetz
subject: Dissimilation
subject: Metatonie
subject: Univerbierung
subject: Altlitauisch
subject: 400 Sprache
subject: 890 Literaturen anderer Sprachen

description: In Old Lithuanian texts (16-17 century), there are more than a hundred definite forms of adjectives and participles with unshortened pronominal ending -jie in the masculine nominative plural, e. g. baiſuſghie ‘the dreadful (errors)’ or mirßtąghie ‘the dying’ instead of modern Lithuanian forms like gerieji ‘the good’. Stang (1966: 237) supposed a complementary distribution - “-ji stands after -ie-, -jie in the other cases” - and explained the shortening as dissimilation process. However, dissimilation provides a solution only for -ie-ji, whereas in Stang’s framework -jíe with acute intonation should generally have been shortened in polysyllabic forms. It can be shown that the complementary distribution stated by Stang holds true for Old Lithuanian in general. Dissimilation seems to be the best explanation for *-ie-jie > -ie-ji, but it remains uncertain if this process affected other paradigmatic forms as well. It is proposed that definite forms became grammaticalized after monosyllabic forms with íe and úo underwent circumflexion. Only after subsequent univerbation, dissimilation or Leskien’s Law took place.
title: Symbolic versus non-symbolic magnitude estimations among children and adults
Creators: name: Ebersbach, Mirjam
name: Erz, Petra
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: magnitude estimation
subject: symbolic
subject: non-symbolic
subject: familiarity with numbers
subject: bidirectional mapping
subject: scalar variability
subject: 150
subject: Zahlenverständnis
subject: Kognitive Entwicklung
subject: Experimentelle Psychologie
subject: Kinderpsychologie

description: Manuscript
description: The conduct of this study was supported by a grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, EB462/1-1) to the first author
Bounds on the slope and the curvature of the scalar Kπform factor at zero momentum transfer
Creators: name: Bourrely, Claude
name: Caprini, Irinel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive and calculate unitarity bounds on the slope and curvature of the strangeness-changing scalar form factor at zero momentum transfer, using low-energy constraints and Watson final state interaction theorem. The results indicate that the curvature is important and should not be neglected in the representation of experimental data. The bounds can be converted also into an allowed region for the constants $C\_{12}^r$ and $C\_{34}^r$ of Chiral Perturbation Theory. Our results are consistent with, but weaker than the predictions made by Jamin, Oller and Pich in a coupled channel dispersion approach basedon chiral resonance model. We comment on the differences between the two dispersive methods and argue that the unitarity bounds are useful as an independent check involving different sources of information
description: 25 pages, 5 figures, version to be published in Nuclear Physics B
SPATIO-TEMPORAL MODELING OF AGRICULTURAL YIELD DATA WITH AN APPLICATION TO PRICING CROP INSURANCE CONTRACTS
Creators: name: Ozaki, Vitor Augusto
name: Ghosh, Sujit K.
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
name: Shirota, Ricardo
name: Ozaki, Vitor Augusto
name: Ghosh, Sujit K.
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
name: Shirota, Ricardo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This article focuses on the modeling of agricultural yield data using hierarchical Bayesian models. In recovering the generating process of these data, we consider the temporal, spatial and spatio-temporal relationships pertinent to the prediction and pricing of insurance contracts based on regional crop yields. A county-average yield data set was analyzed for the State of Paraná, Brazil for the period of 1990 through 2002. The choice of the best model from among the several non-nested models considered was based on the posterior predictive criterion. The methodology used in this article proposes improvements in the statistical and actuarial methods often applied to the calculation of insurance premium rates. These improvements are especially relevant to situations of limited data. These conditions are frequently encountered, especially at the individual level.
Integrin activation - the importance of a positive feedback
Creators: name: Iber, Dagmar
name: Campbell, Iain D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Integrins mediate cell adhesion and are essential receptors for the development and functioning of multicellular organisms. Integrin activation is known to require both ligand and talin binding and to correlate with cluster formation but the activation mechanism and precise roles of these processes are not yet resolved. Here mathematical modeling, with known experimental parameters, is used to show that the binding of a stabilizing factor, such as talin, is alone insufficient to enable ligand-dependent integrin activation for all observed conditions; an additional positive feedback is required.
description: in press in Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
Mechanical properties of graphene oxide
Creators: name: Chen, Junjie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: As graphene is expensive and relatively hard to produce, great efforts are made to find effective yet inexpensive ways to make and use graphene derivatives or related materials. Graphene oxide is one of those materials - it is a single-atomic layered material, made by the powerful oxidation of graphite, which is cheap and abundant. Graphene oxide is an oxidized form of graphene, laced with oxygen-containing groups. It is considered easy to process since it is dispersible in water and other solvents, and it can even be used to make graphene. Graphene oxide is not a good conductor, but processes exist to augment its properties. It is commonly sold in powder form, dispersed, or as a coating on substrates. Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0002-5022-6863, E-mail address: koncjj@gmail.com, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China
The Economics of Traceability for Multi-Ingredient Products: A Network Approach
Creators: name: Souza Monteiro, Diogo M.
name: Caswell, Julie A.
name: Souza Monteiro, Diogo M.
name: Caswell, Julie A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Traceability
subject: multi-ingredient foods
subject: network models

description: The consumption of multi-ingredient foods is increasing across the globe as consumers spend less time preparing meals. Traceability is now extensively used to reduce information imperfections in food markets and recent EU law suggests it will be implemented for manufactured meals as well. We present a model developed to understand how information on different ingredients flows through supply chains for multi-ingredient food products. The network model has three tiers linked by contracts for levels of quality and information. The model is useful for analyzing tradeoffs and network effects emerging in the choice of traceability levels.
Modeling characterisation of a bipolar pulsed discharge
Creators: name: Donko, Zoltan
name: Zajickova, Lenka
name: Sugimoto, Satoshi
name: Harumningtyas, Anjar Anggraini
name: Hamaguchi, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply particle based kinetic simulations to explore the characteristics of a low-pressure gas discharge driven by high-voltage ( $\sim$ kV) pulses with alternating polarity, with a duty cycle of $\approx$ 1% and a repetition rate of 5 kHz. The computations allow tracing the spatio-temporal development of several discharge characteristics, the potential and electric field distributions, charged particle densities and fluxes, the mean ion energy at the electrode surfaces, etc. As such discharges have important surface processing applications, e.g. in the treatment of artificial bones, we analyse the time-dependence of the flux and the mean energy of the ions reaching the electrode surfaces, which can be both conducting and dielectric. Our investigations are conducted for argon buffer gas in the 40-140 Pa pressure range, for 1-5 cm electrode gaps and voltage pulse amplitudes ranging between 600 V and 1200 V.
Institutional Barriers to Technology Diffusion in Rural Africa
Creators: name: Baker, Erin
name: Baker, Erin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper analyzes the connection between informal insurance institutions in rural Africa and the adoption of new technologies. We model two linked games -- a community risk-sharing game and an old-age insurance game -- and analyze the multiple equilibria that arise. We provide a numerical example that indicates that informal insurance institutions may put a downward pressure on the adoption of new technologies.
On tests of local realism by CP-violation parameters of K^0 mesons
Creators: name: Genovese, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently various papers have proposed to test local realism (LR) by considering electroweak CP-violation parameters values in neutral pseudoscalar meson systems. Considering the large interest for a conclusive test of LR and the experimental accessibility to these tests, in this paper we critically consider these results showing how they, albeit very interesting, require anyway additional assumptions and therefore cannot be considered conclusive tests of LR.
Meat Demand under Rational Habit Persistence
Creators: name: Zhen, Chen
name: Wohlgenant, Michael K.
name: Zhen, Chen
name: Wohlgenant, Michael K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: The objective of this paper is to explore the theoretical implications of a meat demand model with rational habits. To introduce consumption dynamics, habit persistence is used to motivate intertemporally related preferences. The impact of food safety information on meat consumption is systematically analyzed. Important differences between myopic habits and rational habits are outlined.
NPR/PBS NewsHour/Marist Poll: March 2021
Creators: name: National Public Radio
name: PBS NewsHour
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: President Joe Biden job approval (3); Congress job approval (2); Biden favorability (1); Biden compromise or stick to position on issues (1); coronavirus (COVID-19) relief package (2); experiences as a result of coronavirus pandemic (4); coronavirus vaccine (3); coronavirus testing (1); coronavirus pandemic economic or public health priority (1).
A search for $γ$-ray emission from a sample of local universe low-frequency selected radio galaxies
Creators: name: Harvey, Max
name: Rulten, Cameron B.
name: Chadwick, Paula M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio galaxies are uncommon $γ$-ray emitters, and only low redshift radio galaxies are detected with Fermi-LAT. However, they offer potential insights into the emission mechanisms of active galaxies, particularly as the alignment of their jets with respect to the Earth means that, unlike blazars, their emission is not necessarily jet-dominated. We use Fermi-LAT data to perform an unbiased survey of 78 radio galaxies from the Bologna Complete Sample in order to search for new $γ$-ray-emitting radio galaxies. We observe statistically significant $γ$-ray emission from 4 of the 6 known Fermi-LAT detected radio galaxies included in this sample, and find some evidence for $γ$-ray emission spatially coincident with 4 previously undetected radio galaxies. As a large parameter space is searched, we calculate a probability distribution to compute the look-elsewhere effect. We find that these 4 spatially coincident sub-threshold $γ$-ray excesses are most likely a chance association, and are unlikely to be emission from the radio galaxies. Upper limits on flux are calculated for the radio galaxies from which no $γ$-ray emission is observed.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Hierarchically nested factor model from multivariate data
Creators: name: Tumminello, M.
name: Lillo, F.
name: Mantegna, R. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to achieve a statistical description of the hierarchical structure of a multivariate data set. Specifically we show that the similarity matrix resulting from a hierarchical clustering procedure is the correlation matrix of a factor model, the hierarchically nested factor model. In this model, factors are mutually independent and hierarchically organized. Finally, we use a bootstrap based procedure to reduce the number of factors in the model with the aim of retaining only those factors significantly robust with respect to the statistical uncertainty due to the finite length of data records.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures; accepted for publication in Europhys. Lett. ; the Appendix corresponds to the additional material of the accepted letter.
Topics on the economics of international telecommunications
Creators: name: Rieck, Olaf
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis comprises three essays of the economics of international telecommunications. The first of the essays is concerned with the modeling of international telephone demand. Standard models of international telecommunications demand have exclusively focused on modeling the total demand for telephone minutes and ignored call durations as a separate dimension of calling behavior. Yet, average call durations and total volume of telephone traffic have developed in opposite directions over the past decade, suggesting that it is important to clarify the relationship between call duration and total traffic volume. This essay extends traditional telephone demand analysis to show how to handle call durations in the Point-to-Point telephone demand model, and presents estimation results using data of telephone traffic between the US and 42 countries. The remainder of this thesis analyzes the regulatory history of the Proportionate Return Requirement (PRR) and its effect on the US telephone markets and industry. The second essay is an institutional analysis of the PRR in the context of United States' regulation of international telephony. The main conclusion is that the actual effect of the PRR is not in line with its regulatory objectives, and that the PRR is not needed to prevent "whipsawing" of US carriers by foreign monopolists. The FCC's justifications of the PRR are found to be largely based on an erroneous interpretation of historic case law. The third essay, finally, attempts to provide an insight into the nature of economic distortions created by the PRR. It develops a competition model of an international telecommunications market with two types of carriers, facilities-based and resale carriers. The model is used to analyze and simulate the effect of the proportionate return requirement (PRR) on the existence and properties of equilibria in the country where the PRR is implemented. In addition, this model analyzes the discriminatory effect of the PRR on resellers, and the extent to which facilities-based carriers can use the advantage of receiving incoming traffic to increase their market share at the expense of resellers in the end-user market.
Resilience-building by community health organizations: a guiding model for practice
Creators: name: DeMello, Anna
name: Egan, Richard
name: Drew, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Background/purpose: Among certain academic disciplines there is a tendency to focus on underlying human attributes as primary contributors to resilience. In contrast, the concept of community resilience extends well beyond the capacities of the individual alone. This research aimed to offer diverse perspectives about resilience enhancement, including those concerned with broader socio-ecological circumstances; it further aimed to present those actions that are of particular relevance to community health organisations. A structured literature review was undertaken. The search strategy covered the topic areas of community resilience, resilience across the cancer continuum, and resilience in the context of other common chronic diseases (cardiovascular disease and diabetes). Findings included four key themes form the pillars of our Safety-Net Model of Resilience-Building for Community Health Organizations: (1) the fostering of social connectedness; (2) the provision of knowledge and skill-building services; (3) the application of innovative and strategic communication tools; and (4) the prioritisation of stakeholder community partnerships. In conclusion, the community resilience literature offers valuable and unconventional insight for those concerned with resilience building amongst populations of interest, including those living with chronic disease.
Physical properties of graphene oxide
Creators: name: Chen, Junjie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: Graphene oxide is synthesized using four basic methods: Staudenmaier, Hofmann, Brodie and Hummers. Many variations of these methods exist, with improvements constantly being explored to achieve better results and cheaper processes. The effectiveness of an oxidation process is often evaluated by the carbon-oxygen ratios of the graphene oxide. Graphene oxide can easily be mixed with different polymers and other materials, and enhance properties of composite materials like tensile strength, elasticity, conductivity and more. In solid form, graphene oxide flakes attach one to another to form thin and stable flat structures that can be folded, wrinkled, and stretched. Such graphene oxide structures can be used for applications like hydrogen storage, ion conductors and nanofiltration membranes. Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0002-5022-6863, E-mail address: koncjj@gmail.com, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China
An Automated Implementation of Hybrid Cloud for Performance Evaluation of Distributed Databases
Creators: name: Mansouri, Yaser
name: Prokhorenko, Victor
name: Babar, M. Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A Hybrid cloud is an integration of resources between private and public clouds. It enables users to horizontally scale their on-premises infrastructure up to public clouds in order to improve performance and cut up-front investment cost. This model of applications deployment is called cloud bursting that allows data-intensive applications especially distributed database systems to have the benefit of both private and public clouds. In this work, we present an automated implementation of a hybrid cloud using (i) a robust and zero-cost Linux-based VPN to make a secure connection between private and public clouds, and (ii) Terraform as a software tool to deploy infrastructure resources based on the requirements of hybrid cloud. We also explore performance evaluation of cloud bursting for six modern and distributed database systems on the hybrid cloud spanning over local OpenStack and Microsoft Azure. Our results reveal that MongoDB and MySQL Cluster work efficient in terms of throughput and operations latency if they burst into a public cloud to supply their resources. In contrast, the performance of Cassandra, Riak, Redis, and Couchdb reduces if they significantly leverage their required resources via cloud bursting.
Complex Matrix Model and Fermion Phase Space for Bubbling AdS Geometries
Creators: name: Takayama, Yastoshi
name: Tsuchiya, Asato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a relation between droplet configurations in the bubbling AdS geometries and a complex matrix model that describes the dynamics of a class of chiral primary operators in dual N=4 super Yang Mills (SYM). We show rigorously that a singlet holomorphic sector of the complex matrix model is equivalent to a holomorphic part of two-dimensional free fermions, and establish an exact correspondence between the singlet holomorphic sector of the complex matrix model and one-dimensional free fermions. Based on this correspondence, we find a relation of the singlet holomorphic operators of the complex matrix model to the Wigner phase space distribution. By using this relation and the AdS/CFT duality, we give a further evidence that the droplets in the bubbling AdS geometries are identified with those in the phase space of the one-dimensional fermions. We also show that the above correspondence actually maps the operators of N=4 SYM corresponding to the (dual) giant gravitons to the droplet configurations proposed in the literature.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures, some clarification, typos corrected, published version
WELFARE ANALYSIS AND POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE CALIFORNIA RAISIN MARKETING ORDER
Creators: name: Keeling Bond, Jennifer J.
name: Andersen, Matthew A.
name: Keeling Bond, Jennifer J.
name: Andersen, Matthew A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This empirical study analyzes the economic implications of reorganizing the California raisin marketing order. Welfare changes are examined for several groups when volume control and price discrimination policies are adopted singly and in combination. Results indicate that benefits from combinations of programs are highly sensitive to elasticities of pooled demand.