cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Computer Simulations of Biological Growth Patterns: Tree Modeling Success and Applications
Creators: name: Nagel, Robert L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1986

description: The purpose of this investigation was to explore the depiction of trees in three dimensions on a microcomputer. While the use of computer-aided design in landscape architecture is increasing, imagery for plant materials is found to be at a more or less symbolic level. The literature concerning previous inquiries into the mechanisms of tree growth and differentiation provide a good deal of information ranging from physiological basics to sophisticated structural and mathematical growth models. This forms the basis from which programming work proceeded.
In this context, the body of work reported here emphasizes the development of a programming methodology for achieving better tree images, rather than the sophistication of the images them-selves. A major goal in this effort was simplicity in the resulting algorithms. This is significant in both minimizing use of computer memory, and in aiding the transfer of the algorithms to other devices and uses. Discussed are the developmental steps taken from an initial tree model requiring a digitizing tablet and the internal storage of coordinates, to a tree model in which machine memory and algorithm complexity are minimized.
The methodology deemed most useful is that of storing the tr:es as a general set of rules for image generation, rather than a lengthy data file for each tree. The operational value of this process is intrinsic to future applications; whether six discrete tree types are to be used or sixty types, the computer is working vii with the same amount of "data" -- the tree generation algorithm. Further applications of this approach could offer savings in both storage requirements and data input for a variety of complex graphic images.
The Nature of Black Hole Shadows
Creators: name: Bronzwaer, Thomas
name: Falcke, Heino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A distinct visual signature occurs in black holes that are surrounded by optically thin and geometrically thick emission regions. This signature is a sharp-edged dip in brightness that is coincident with the black-hole shadow, which is the projection of the black hole's unstable-photon region on the observer's sky. We highlight two key mechanisms responsible for producing the sharp-edged dip: i) the reduction of intensity observed in rays that intersect the unstable-photon region, and thus the perfectly absorbing event horizon, versus rays that do not (blocking), and ii) the increase of intensity observed in rays that travel along extended, horizon-circling paths near the boundary of the unstable-photon region (path-lengthening). We demonstrate that the black-hole shadow is a distinct phenomenon from the photon ring, and that models exist in which the former may be observed, but not the latter. Additionally, we show that the black-hole shadow and its associated visual signature differ from the more model-dependent brightness depressions associated with thin-disk models, because for geometrically thick and optically thin emission regions, the blocking and path-lengthening effects are quite general. Consequentially, the black-hole shadow is a robust and fairly model-independent observable for accreting black holes that are in the deep sub-Eddington regime, such as low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (LLAGN).
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ (22 July 2021)
Additional file 14 of Narrow environmental niches predict land-use responses and vulnerability of land snail assemblages
Creators: name: Wehner, Katja
name: Renker, Carsten
name: Simons, Nadja K.
name: Weisser, Wolfgang W.
name: Blüthgen, Nico
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 14: Appendix 14. Relation of the abundance-weighted means (AWM) of the forest management index, proportion of non-native trees, proportion of dead wood with saw cuts, proportion of wood harvested, pH and soil moisture and the proportional occurrence of a certain species in forests.
Instability of wormholes supported by a ghost scalar field. I. Linear stability analysis
Creators: name: Gonzalez, J. A.
name: Guzman, F. S.
name: Sarbach, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the linear stability of static, spherically symmetric wormhole solutions of Einstein's field equations coupled to a massless ghost scalar field. These solutions are parametrized by the areal radius of their throat and the product of the masses at their asymptotically flat ends. We prove that all these solutions are unstable with respect to linear fluctuations and possess precisely one unstable, exponentially in time growing mode. The associated time scale is shown to be of the order of the wormhole throat divided by the speed of light. The nonlinear evolution is analyzed in a subsequent article.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure, minor changes, to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Additional file 1 of Narrow environmental niches predict land-use responses and vulnerability of land snail assemblages
Creators: name: Wehner, Katja
name: Renker, Carsten
name: Simons, Nadja K.
name: Weisser, Wolfgang W.
name: Blüthgen, Nico
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Summary of significant effects of land-use parameters and abiotic factors in forests (forest management index Formi, proportion of non-native tress, proportion of dead wood with saw cuts, proportion of wood harvested, pH and soil moisture) and grasslands (land-use index LUI, mowing, grazing, fertilization, pH and soil moisture) on the community weighted mean of the maximum shell size, the number of offspring, light preference, humidity preference, drought resistance and inundation tolerance. * p
title: A Comparative Review of Wetland Mitigation Practices: Monitoring, Maintaining, and Funding Mitigated Wetlands
Creators: name: Groshart, Giselle Marie
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2001

description: The objective of this project was to examine alternatives for monitoring, maintaining and funding of mitigated wetlands, as part of a larger project on wetland mitigation strategies. Research methods included a literature review, questionnaire, and telephone survey to determine current wetland mitigation practices. A variety of methods and techniques are presented, each with varying application for incorporation into a specific wetland mitigation strategy. Key components that came out of this study are the importance of maintaining flexibility, referring to project objectives, and planning throughout the process.
Additional file 15 of Narrow environmental niches predict land-use responses and vulnerability of land snail assemblages
Creators: name: Wehner, Katja
name: Renker, Carsten
name: Simons, Nadja K.
name: Weisser, Wolfgang W.
name: Blüthgen, Nico
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 15: Appendix 15. Relation of the abundance-weighted means (AWM) of the land-use intensity, mowing, grazing, fertilization, pH and soil moisture and the proportional occurrence of a certain species in forests.
Additional file 1 of Are transgender people satisfied with their lives?
Creators: name: Grupp, Katharina
name: Blessmann, Marco
name: König, Hans-Helmut
name: Hajek, André
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Not quite there yet: Combining analogical patterns and encoder-decoder networks for cognitively plausible inflection
Creators: name: Calderone, Basilio
name: Hathout, Nabil
name: Bonami, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The paper presents four models submitted to Part 2 of the SIGMORPHON 2021 Shared Task 0, which aims at replicating human judgements on the inflection of nonce lexemes. Our goal is to explore the usefulness of combining pre-compiled analogical patterns with an encoder-decoder architecture. Two models are designed using such patterns either in the input or the output of the network. Two extra models controlled for the role of raw similarity of nonce inflected forms to existing inflected forms in the same paradigm cell, and the role of the type frequency of analogical patterns. Our strategy is entirely endogenous in the sense that the models appealing solely to the data provided by the SIGMORPHON organisers, without using external resources. Our model 2 ranks second among all submitted systems, suggesting that the inclusion of analogical patterns in the network architecture is useful in mimicking speakers' predictions.
MOESM2 of Selection and validation of reference genes for quantitative expression analysis of miRNAs and mRNAs in Poplar
Creators: name: Tang, Fang
name: Chu, Liwei
name: Shu, Wenbo
name: He, Xuejiao
name: Wang, Lijuan
name: Lu, Mengzhu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S3. The sequence similarity of candidate reference genes compared between 84K poplar and Populus trichocarpa.
A Milstein scheme for SPDEs
Creators: name: Jentzen, Arnulf
name: Roeckner, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65C30, 60H35, 60H15, 35R60

description: This article studies an infinite dimensional analog of Milstein's scheme for finite dimensional stochastic ordinary differential equations (SODEs). The Milstein scheme is known to be impressively efficient for SODEs which fulfill a certain commutativity type condition. This article introduces the infinite dimensional analog of this commutativity type condition and observes that a certain class of semilinear stochastic partial differential equation (SPDEs) with multiplicative trace class noise naturally fulfills the resulting infinite dimensional commutativity condition. In particular, a suitable infinite dimensional analog of Milstein's algorithm can be simulated efficiently for such SPDEs and requires less computational operations and random variables than previously considered algorithms for simulating such SPDEs. The analysis is supported by numerical results for a stochastic heat equation and stochastic reaction diffusion equations showing signifficant computational savings.
description: The article is slightly revised and shortened. In particular, some numerical simulations are removed
Additional file 2 of Narrow environmental niches predict land-use responses and vulnerability of land snail assemblages
Creators: name: Wehner, Katja
name: Renker, Carsten
name: Simons, Nadja K.
name: Weisser, Wolfgang W.
name: Blüthgen, Nico
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Appendix 2. Influence of the abundance-weighted mean (AWM) of the forest management index on the maximum shell size, number of offspring, light preference, humidity preference, drought resistance and inundation tolerance in forests. Species in italics are land-use “winners”, species in bold are land-use “losers”.
Proteases production from fermentation of fish solubles
Creators: name: Lakhdari, Marc
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The possibility of using a culture medium derived from herring fish solubles to produce proteases was investigated. Following Wah-On's (27) recommandations, the role of the oxygen in the cell and enzyme production was specially considered. A Myxobacteria, Sorangium 495 was used to produce the protease. It was first confirmed that the organism was aerobic, and that glucose had a significant effect on growth and protease formation, according to experiments performed in 250 ml Erlenmeyer flasks and in a 7-liter fermentor. Two different sets of experiments were made in the latter fermentor, one using culture medium of initial protein content of about 4 mg (BSA)/ml, and another between 11 and 16 mg (BSA)/ml. The maximum enzyme activity of 2.47 unit/10 cc was noticed at DO = 100% saturation at the low initial protein content. It was then concluded that oxygen favors protease formation. However, although the importance of oxygen cannot be denied, no consistent pattern to the level of cell mass concentration as a function DO level could be found, and this role could not be accurately determined. Furthermore, the kinetic patterns were quite complex, and no simple correlation between the different parameters involved could be determined.
An Analysis of Burglayr Hot Spots in Bangkok
Creators: name: Pol.Col. Prapon Sahapattana
name: Pol.Col. Pornchai Kuntee
name: Suree Kanjanawong
Publisher: name: School of Public Administration, National Instituteof Development Administration (NIDA)
Year: 2010
Subjects: Crime mapping, Analysis of Burglary Hot Spots, GIS, Bangkok

description: 2, 8, Thai Journal of Public Administration
A Survey Length for AGN Variability Studies
Creators: name: Kozłowski, Szymon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The damped random walk (DRW) process is one of the most commonly used and simplest stochastic models to describe variability of active galactic nuclei (AGN). An AGN light curve can be converted to just two DRW model parameters - the signal decorrelation timescale $τ$ and the asymptotic amplitude ${SF}_{\infty}$. By simulation means, we have recently shown that in order to measure the decorrelation timescale accurately, the experiment or the light curve length must be at least 10 times the underlying decorrelation timescale. In this paper, we investigate the origin of this requirement and find that typical AGN light curves do not sufficiently represent the intrinsic stationary process. We simulated extremely long (10,000$τ$) AGN light curves using DRW, and then measured the variance and the mean of short light curves spanning 1-1000$τ$. We modeled these light curves with DRW to obtain both the signal decorrelation timescale $τ$ and the asymptotic amplitude ${SF}_{\infty}$. The variance in light curves shorter than $\approx30τ$ is smaller than that of the input process, as estimated by both a simple calculation from the light curve and by DRW modeling. This means that while the simulated stochastic process is intrinsically stationary, short light curves do not adequately represent the stationary process. Since the variance and timescale are correlated, underestimated variances in short light curves lead to underestimated timescales as compared to the input process. It seems, that a simulated AGN light curve does not fully represent the underlying DRW process until its length reaches even $\approx30$ decorrelation timescales. Modeling short AGN light curves with DRW leads to biases in measured parameters of the model - the amplitude being too small and the timescale being too short.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
The nuclear quadrupole interaction at 111Cd and 181Ta sites in anatase and rutile TiO2: A TDPAC study
Creators: name: Das, Satyendra Kumar
name: Thakare, Sanjay Vishwanath
name: Butz, Tilman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nuclear quadrupole interaction of the I=5/2 state of the nuclear probes 111Cd and 181Ta in the anatase and rutile polymorphs of bulk TiO2 was studied using the time differential perturbed angular correlation (TDPAC). The fast-slow coincidence setup is based on the CAMAC electronics. For anatase, the asymmetry of the electric field gradient was eta=0.22(1) and a quadrupole interaction frequency: 44.01(3) Mrad/s was obtained for 181Ta. For rutile, the respective values are eta=0.56(1) and quadrupole frequency=130.07(9) Mrad/s. The values for rutile match closely with the literature values. In case of the 111Cd probe produced from the beta decay of 111Ag, the quadrupole interaction frequency and the asymmetry parameter for anatase was negligible. This indicates an unperturbed angular correlation in anatase. On the other hand for rutile, the quadrupole frequency is 61.74(2) Mrad/s and the asymmetry is 0.23(1) for 111Cd probe. The results have been interpreted in terms of the surrounding atom positions in the lattice and the charge state of the probe nucleus.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Det nationale meldesystem for syfilis og gonoré på Statens Serum Institut
Creators: Statens Serum Institut
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2022

description: Det er lovpligtigt for læger at anmelde patienter med syfilis eller gonoré til Statens Serum Institut. Oplysningerne fra anmeldelserne (papirblanketter) indtastes i databasen, som administreres af Afdeling for Infektionsepidemiologi.
MHD Accretion-Disk Winds as X-ray Absorbers in AGNs
Creators: name: Fukumura, Keigo
name: Kazanas, Demosthenes
name: Contopoulos, Ioannis
name: Behar, Ehud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the 2D ionization structure of self-similar MHD winds off accretion disks around irradiated by a central X-ray source. Based on earlier observational clues and theoretical arguments, we focus our attention on a subset of these winds, namely those with radial density dependence n(r)~1/r. We employ the photoionization code XSTAR to compute the ionic abundances of a large number of ions of different elements and then compile their line-of-sight (LOS) absorption columns. Particular attention is paid to the absorption measure distribution (AMD), namely their Hydrogen-equivalent column per logarithmic ionization parameter ξinterval, d N_H/(d \log ξ), which provides a measure of the winds' radial density profiles. For n(r)~1/r the AMD is found to be independent of ξ, in good agreement with its behavior inferred from the X-ray spectra of several AGNs. For the specific wind structure and X-ray spectrum we also compute detailed absorption line profiles for a number of ions to obtain their LOS velocities, v~100-300 km/sec (at \log ξ~2-3) for Fe XVII and v~1,000-4,000 km/sec (at \log ξ~4-5) for Fe XXV, in good agreement with the observation. Our models describe the X-ray absorption properties of these winds with only two parameters, namely the mass-accretion rate \dot{m} and LOS angle θ. The probability of obscuration of the X-ray ionizing source in these winds decreases with increasing \dot{m} and increases steeply with θ. As such, we concur with previous authors that these wind configurations, viewed globally, incorporate all the requisite properties of the parsec scale "torii" invoked in AGN unification schemes. We indicate that a combination of the AMD and absorption line profile observations can uniquely determine these model parameters and their bearing on AGN population demographics.
description: Accepted to ApJ, 34 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
IR Dust Bubbles: Probing the Detailed Structure and Young Massive Stellar Populations of Galactic HII Regions
Creators: name: Watson, C.
name: Povich, M. S.
name: Churchwell, E. B.
name: Babler, B. L.
name: Chunev, G.
name: Hoare, M.
name: Indebetouw, R.
name: Meade, M. R.
name: Robitaille, T. P.
name: Whitney, B. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of wind-blown, parsec-sized, mid-infrared bubbles and associated star-formation using GLIMPSE/IRAC, MIPSGAL/MIPS and MAGPIS/VLA surveys. Three bubbles from the Churchwell et al. (2006) catalog were selected. The relative distribution of the ionized gas (based on 20 cm emission), PAH emission (based on 8 um, 5.8 um and lack of 4.5 um emission) and hot dust (24 um emission) are compared. At the center of each bubble there is a region containing ionized gas and hot dust, surrounded by PAHs. We identify the likely source(s) of the stellar wind and ionizing flux producing each bubble based upon SED fitting to numerical hot stellar photosphere models. Candidate YSOs are also identified using SED fitting, including several sites of possible triggered star formation.
description: 37 pages, 17 figures
Plotting in a Formally Verified Way
Creators: name: Melquiond, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An invaluable feature of computer algebra systems is their ability to plot the graph of functions. Unfortunately, when one is trying to design a library of mathematical functions, this feature often falls short, producing incorrect and potentially misleading plots, due to accuracy issues inherent to this use case. This paper investigates what it means for a plot to be correct and how to formally verify this property. The Coq proof assistant is then turned into a tool for plotting function graphs using reliable polynomial approximations. This feature is provided as part of the CoqInterval library.
description: In Proceedings F-IDE 2021, arXiv:2108.02369
สาส์นจากกรรมการที่ปรึกษาสมาคมพันธุศาสตร์แห่งประเทศไทย
Creators: name: สนิท ลวดทอง
Publisher: name: Genetics Society of Thailand
Year: 2008
Subjects: สาส์น, กรรมการที่ปรึกษา, สมาคมพันธุศาสตร์แห่งประเทศไทย

description: 1, 1, Thai Journal of Genetics
title: Besonderer Teil der Prüfungsordnung für den Bachelorstudiengang „Mathematik für Computer Sciences" der Carl-Friedrich-Gauß-Fakultät an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig
Creators: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig, Fakultät
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Prüfungsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 1600
Det nationale meldesystem for individuelt anmeldelsespligtige sygdomme på Statens Serum Institut
Creators: Statens Serum Institut
Publisher: name: Rigsarkivet
Year: 2022

description: Det er lovpligtigt for læger at anmelde patienter individuelt anmeldelsespligtige sygdomme til Statens Serum Institut. Oplysningerne fra anmeldelserne (papirblanketter) indtastes i databasen, som administreres af Afdeling for Infektionsepidemiologi.
title: Prediction of Stress Increase in Unbonded Tendons using Sparse Principal Component Analysis
Creators: name: Mckinney, Eric
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: While internal and external unbonded tendons are widely utilized in concrete structures, the analytic solution for the increase in unbonded tendon stress, Δ���, is challenging due to the lack of bond between strand and concrete. Moreover, most analysis methods do not provide high correlation due to the limited available test data. In this thesis, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Sparse Principal Component Analysis (SPCA) are employed on different sets of candidate variables, amongst the material and sectional properties from the database compiled by Maguire et al. [18]. Predictions of Δ��� are made via Principal Component Regression models, and the method proposed, a linear model using SPCA on variables with a significant level of correlation with Δ���, is shown to improve over current models without increasing complexity.
Studies on the respiratory protein hemerythrin
Creators: name: Bruce, Robert Emerson
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Hemerythrin from the marine worm Phascolosoma lurco has been isolated and characterized. The protein appears to have the uncommon trimeric structure reported for Phascolosoma agassizii hemerythrin, but is more homogeneous on disc gel electrophoresis, and can be crystallized from ethanol. P. lurco hemerythrin has no free cysteine residue and half the number of tryptophans of octameric hemerythrins. It appears to have a similar secondary structure to Phascolopsis gouldii hemerythrin, with a high degree (~75%) of alpha helix. Proteins which appear to be hemerythrins have been isolated from the sipunculid Phascolosoma noduliferum and the brachiopod Glottidea pyramidata, although they have not been as well characterized as the hemerythrin from P. lurco. Comparative studies using UV-visible and CD spectroscopies of oxy- and metazidohemerythrins from several species of sipunculids have shown that the proteins from all species examined have very similar active sites, despite differences in primary and quaternary structures. New methemerythrin derivatives with selenocyanate and dicyanamide, and the adduct formed between deoxyhemerythrin and nitric oxide, have all been characterized by UV-visible and circular dichroism spectroscopies. Tricyanomethide has been shown to bind "non-specifically" to P. gouldii hemerythrin and this has been related to the accessibility of the active site of the protein. Fluorescence and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies have been shown to be applicable to comparative studies of hemerythrin, with nmr of paramagnetically shifted resonances perhaps providing the best means of investigating the physiologically important colourless deoxy protein. Metal atom replacement studies and protein redox potential determinations were not able to be carried out successfully, and possible reasons for this as well as suggestions for future research are discussed.
Role of Patents in Diffusion of Environmentally Sound Technologies : Indian Perspective
Creators: name: Kheterpal, Ayushman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Intellectual Property
subject: TRIPS
subject: IPR
subject: Patent Law
subject: The Patents Act, 1970
subject: Technology Transfer
subject: Sustainability
subject: Green technology
subject: Environmentally Sound Technology
subject: Renewable Energy
subject: Patents,
subject: WTO
subject: UNFCCC
subject: WIPO Green
subject: SDG
subject: Sustainable Development Goals
subject: Patentability
subject: Compulsory Licensing
subject: Commercial Working Data
subject: Wind Energy
subject: Solar Energy
subject: Climate Change
subject: https://www.britannica.com/topic/law
subject: https://www.wipo.int/patents/en/
subject: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_trade_law
subject: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_Energy
subject: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_development
subject: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_Change

description: IPRs, in particular Patents, can be hurdle or opportunity based on the situation. Integrated factors
 other than strictness of Patent Regime are also important in Diffusion of ESTs which have been
 discussed in detail in the present research. International Legal framework plays a crucial role in
 ESTs diffusion into India. Major legal frameworks relevant for present research include Paris
 Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, 1883; Patent Cooperation Treaty, 1970;
 WTO framework; TRIPS; UNFCCC; WIPO Green and SDGs. Policy and Legal framework of
 India are also closely intertwined with diffusion of ESTs, their relationship is discussed in the
 present research. Policy related to climate change and renewable energy is also discussed. In
 Indian Legal Dimension, Strict Criteria of Patentability, Compulsory Licensing, Patent
 Prosecution Highway, Commercial Working Data and Renewable Energy is discussed.
 Thereafter, detailed empirical research is carried out wherein, search query is determined for
 wind and solar power generation technologies, yearly trends are studied, and nationality of
 applicants are determined. Towards the end of this research, summary of the research work
 carried out has been stated and suggestions have been described.
Uncertainties of Modeling Gamma-Ray Pulsar Light Curves with Vacuum Dipole Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Bai, Xue-Ning
name: Spitkovsky, Anatoly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current models of pulsar gamma-ray emission use the magnetic field of a rotating dipole in vacuum as a first approximation to the shape of plasma-filled pulsar magnetosphere. In this paper we revisit the question of gamma-ray light-curve formation in pulsars in order to ascertain the robustness of the "two-pole caustic" (TPC) and "outer gap" (OG) models based on the vacuum magnetic field. We point out an inconsistency in the literature on the use of the relativistic aberration formula, where in several works the vacuum field was treated as known in the instantaneously corotating frame, rather than in the laboratory frame. With the corrected formula, we find that the peaks in the light curves predicted from the TPC model using the vacuum field are less sharp. The sharpness of the peaks in the OG model is less affected by this change, but the range of magnetic inclination angles and viewing geometries resulting in double-peaked light curves is reduced. In a realistic magnetosphere, the modification of field structure near the light cylinder due to plasma effects may change the shape of the polar cap and the location of the emission zones. We study the sensitivity of the light curves to different shapes of the polar cap for static and retarded vacuum dipole fields. In particular, we consider polar caps traced by the last open field lines and compare them to circular polar caps. We find that the TPC model is very sensitive to the shape of the polar cap, and a circular polar cap can lead to four peaks of emission. The OG model is less affected by polar cap shapes, but is subject to big uncertainties of applying the vacuum field near the light cylinder. We conclude that deviations from vacuum field can lead to large uncertainties in the pulse shapes, and a more realistic force-free field should be applied to the study of pulsar high energy emission.
description: 12 pages, accepted for publication in ApJ
Full-frequency dynamical Bethe-Salpeter equation without frequency and a study of double excitations
Creators: name: Bintrim, Sylvia J.
name: Berkelbach, Timothy C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bethe-Salpeter equation (BSE) that results from the GW approximation to the self-energy is a frequency-dependent (nonlinear) eigenvalue problem due to the dynamically screened Coulomb interaction between electrons and holes. The computational time required for a numerically exact treatment of this frequency dependence is $O(N^6)$, where $N$ is the system size. To avoid the common static screening approximation, we show that the full-frequency dynamical BSE can be exactly reformulated as a frequency-independent eigenvalue problem in an expanded space of single and double excitations. When combined with an iterative eigensolver and the density fitting approximation to the electron repulsion integrals, this reformulation yields a dynamical BSE algorithm whose computational time is $O(N^5)$, which we verify numerically. Furthermore, the reformulation provides direct access to excited states with dominant double excitation character, which are completely absent in the spectrum of the statically screened BSE. We study the $2^1A_\mathrm{g}$ state of butadiene, hexatriene, and octatetraene and find that GW/BSE overestimates the excitation energy by about 1.5-2 eV and significantly underestimates the double excitation character.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
ECOtwist – modern and comfortable energy-efficient house
Creators: name: Gil, Joanna
name: Grudzińska, Anna
name: Potaczek, Agata
Publisher: name: Faculty of Architecture, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2014
Subjects: energy efficiency, single-family house, sustainable design, useful energy

description: ARCHITECTUS; ISSN 1429-7507
Additional file 3 of Narrow environmental niches predict land-use responses and vulnerability of land snail assemblages
Creators: name: Wehner, Katja
name: Renker, Carsten
name: Simons, Nadja K.
name: Weisser, Wolfgang W.
name: Blüthgen, Nico
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Appendix 3. Influence of the abundance-weighted mean (AWM) of the proportion of non-native trees on the maximum shell size, number of offspring, light preference, humidity preference, drought resistance and inundation tolerance in forests. Species in italics are land-use “winners”, species in bold are land-use “losers”.
title: Neufassung des Besonderen Teils der Prüfungsordnung für den Masterstudiengang „Data Science" der Carl-Friedrich-Gauß-Fakultät an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig
Creators: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig, Fakultät
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Prüfungsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 1601
Additional file 4 of Narrow environmental niches predict land-use responses and vulnerability of land snail assemblages
Creators: name: Wehner, Katja
name: Renker, Carsten
name: Simons, Nadja K.
name: Weisser, Wolfgang W.
name: Blüthgen, Nico
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Appendix 4. Influence of the abundance-weighted mean (AWM) of the proportion of deadwood with saw cuts on the maximum shell size, number of offspring, light preference, humidity preference, drought resistance and inundation tolerance in forests. Species in italics are land-use “winners”, species in bold are land-use “losers”.
title: Shedding Light on the Dark Side of Trade: Strategies for Analyzing the Extent and Impact of Illicit Imports
Creators: name: Berry, Renee
name: Carlson, Dylan
name: Schreiber, Samantha
name: Weaver, Marin
Publisher: name: United States International Trade Commission
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/05hsggr76
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2022

description: This paper provides researchers with a flexible set of tools for measuring and analyzing illicit imports, defined here as imports of goods produced from illegal or otherwise unethical activity. Using estimation and modeling techniques originally developed during the U.S. International Trade Commission’s factfinding investigation on illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing, this paper shows how similar approaches can be used for different sectors and production practices. For researchers seeking to use these tools, the first step involves defining the scope of analysis, particularly the types of illicit activities to be analyzed. Scoping decisions are usually based not only on what a researcher considers to be illicit activity, but also the intended audience of the research and data availability. The second step involves estimating the extent of illicit production among possible import partners and then tracing that illicit product into import supply chains. Researchers can accomplish these estimation exercises using careful and deliberate data management techniques as well as a reasonable set of assumptions for gap filling, and these techniques are explored in great detail. The third step involves analyzing the impact that illicit imports have on domestic producers that compete directly with these imports. A flexible partial equilibrium modeling framework is presented that can accommodate different kinds of industries as well as different policies for reducing exposure to illicit imports. In order to demonstrate the potential applicability of these tools, the paper concludes with two case studies focused on known illicit trade issues within the forest products and cotton sectors, providing ideas for how research could be pursued within each sector.
A Physical Model for the Quasar Luminosity Function Evolution between Cosmic Dawn and High Noon
Creators: name: Ren, Keven
name: Trenti, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modeling the evolution of the number density distribution of quasars through the Quasar Luminosity Function (QLF) is critical to improve our understanding of the connection between black holes, galaxies and their halos. Here we present a novel semi-empirical model for the evolution of the QLF that is fully defined after the specification of a free parameter, the internal duty cycle, $\varepsilon_{DC}$ along with minimal other assumptions. All remaining model parameters are fixed upon calibration against the QLF at two redshifts, $z=4$ and $z=5$. Our modeling shows that the evolution at the bright end results from the stochasticity in the median quasar luminosity versus halo mass relation, while the faint end shape is determined by the evolution of the Halo Mass Function (HMF) with redshift. Additionally, our model suggests the overall quasar density is determined by the evolution of the HMF, irrespective of the value of $\varepsilon_{DC}$. The $z\ge4$ QLFs from our model are in excellent agreement with current observations for all $\varepsilon_{DC}$, with model predictions suggesting that observations at $z\gtrsim7.5$ are needed to discriminate between different $\varepsilon_{DC}$. We further extend the model at $z\le4$, successfully describing the QLF between $1\le z\le4$, albeit with additional assumptions on $Σ$ and $\varepsilon_{DC}$. We use the existing measurements of quasar duty cycle from clustering to constrain $\varepsilon_{DC}$, finding $\varepsilon_{DC}\sim0.01$ or $\varepsilon_{DC}\gtrsim0.1$ dependent on observational datasets used for reference. Finally, we present forecasts for future wide-area surveys with promising expectations for the Nancy Grace Roman Telescope to discover $N\gtrsim10$, bright, $m_{UV}<26.5$ quasars at $z\sim8$.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ; data products available at https://github.com/renkeven/QuasarEvolutionData
A multiscale analysis of instability-induced failure mechanisms in fiber-reinforced composite structures via alternative modeling approaches
Creators: name: Greco, Fabrizio
name: Leonetti, Lorenzo
name: Lonetti, Paolo
name: Luciano, Raimondo
name: Pranno, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Multiscale techniques have been widely shown to potentially overcome the limitation of homogenization schemes in representing the microscopic failure mechanisms in heterogeneous media as well as their influence on their structural response at the macroscopic level. Such techniques allow the use of fully detailed models to be avoided, thus resulting in a notable decrease in the overall computational cost at fixed numerical accuracy compared to the so-called direct numerical simulations. In the present work, two different multiscale modeling approaches are presented for the analysis of microstructural instability-induced failure in locally periodic fiber-reinforced composite materials subjected to general loading conditions involving large deformations. The first approach, which is of a semi-concurrent kind, consists in the on-the-fly derivation of the macroscopic constitutive response of the composite structure together with its microscopic stability properties through a two-way computational homogenization scheme. The latter one is a novel hybrid hierarchical-concurrent multiscale approach relying on a two-level domain decomposition scheme used in conjunction with a nonlinear homogenization scheme performed at the preprocessing stage. Both multiscale approaches have been suitably validated through comparisons with reference direct numerical simulations, by which the ability of the latter approach in capturing boundary layer effects has been demonstrated.
Additional file 5 of Narrow environmental niches predict land-use responses and vulnerability of land snail assemblages
Creators: name: Wehner, Katja
name: Renker, Carsten
name: Simons, Nadja K.
name: Weisser, Wolfgang W.
name: Blüthgen, Nico
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Appendix 5. Influence of the abundance-weighted mean (AWM) of the proportion of wood harvested on the maximum shell size, number of offspring, light preference, humidity preference, drought resistance and inundation tolerance in forests. Species in italics are land-use “winners”, species in bold are land-use “losers”.
Additional file 1 of Imaging in metastatic breast cancer, CT, PET/CT, MRI, WB-DWI, CCA: review and new perspectives
Creators: name: Lother, Dione
name: Robert, Marie
name: Elwood, Elliot
name: Smith, Sam
name: Tunariu, Nina
name: Johnston, Stephen R.D.
name: Parton, Marina
name: Bhaludin, Basrull
name: Millard, Thomas
name: Downey, Kate
name: Sharma, Bhupinder
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
A multiparental cross population for mapping QTL for relevant agronomic traits in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)
Creators: name: Milner, Sara Giulia <1985>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: AGR/07 Genetica agraria

description: Multiparental cross designs for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) in crops are efficient alternatives to conventional biparental experimental populations because they exploit a broader genetic basis and higher mapping resolution. We describe the development and deployment of a multiparental recombinant inbred line (RIL) population in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) obtained by crossing four elite cultivars characterized by different traits of agronomic value. A linkage map spanning 2,663 cM and including 7,594 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was produced by genotyping 338 RILs with a wheat-dedicated 90k SNP chip. A cluster file was developed for correct allele calling in the framework of the tetraploid durum wheat genome. Based on phenotypic data collected over four field experiments, a multi-trait quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was carried out for 18 traits of agronomic relevance (including yield, yield-components, morpho-physiological and seed quality traits). Across environments, a total of 63 QTL were identified and characterized in terms of the four founder haplotypes. We mapped two QTL for grain yield across environments and 23 QTL for grain yield components. A novel major QTL for number of grain per spikelet/ear was mapped on chr 2A and shown to control up to 39% of phenotypic variance in this cross. Functionally different QTL alleles, in terms of direction and size of genetic effect, were distributed among the four parents. Based on the occurrence of QTL-clusters, we characterized the breeding values (in terms of effects on yield) of most of QTL for heading and maturity as well as yield component and quality QTL. This multiparental RIL population provides the wheat community with a highly informative QTL mapping resource enabling the dissection of the genetic architecture of multiple agronomic relevant traits in durum wheat.
Learning Langevin dynamics with QCD phase transition
Creators: name: Wang, Lingxiao
name: Jiang, Lijia
name: Zhou, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this proceeding, the deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are deployed to recognize the order of QCD phase transition and predict the dynamical parameters in Langevin processes. To overcome the intrinsic randomness existed in a stochastic process, we treat the final spectra as image-type inputs which preserve sufficient spatiotemporal correlations. As a practical example, we demonstrate this paradigm for the scalar condensation in QCD matter near the critical point, in which the order parameter of chiral phase transition can be characterized in a $1+1$-dimensional Langevin equation for $σ$ field. The well-trained CNNs accurately classify the first-order phase transition and crossover from $σ$ field configurations with fluctuations, in which the noise does not impair the performance of the recognition. In reconstructing the dynamics, we demonstrate it is robust to extract the damping coefficients $η$ from the intricate field configurations.
description: Contribution to: SQM2021
Photons from nuclear collisions at RHIC energies
Creators: name: Gale, Charles
name: Turbide, Simon
name: Frodermann, Evan
name: Heinz, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the hot and dense strongly interacting mater produced in high energy heavy ion collisions using relativistic hydrodynamics. Several different sources of real photons produced during these collisions are considered and their relative importance is assessed. We include contributions from QCD jets, which are allowed to loose and gain energy as they proceed through the hot matter. This is treated within the AMY formalism. We obtain photon spectra, R_{AA}, and v_2 in agreement with measurements performed by the PHENIX collaboration.
description: 4 pages, talk given at Quark Matter 2008, Feb. 4-10, 2008, Jaipur, India