cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
PdBI sub-arcsecond study of the SiO microjet in HH212 - Origin and collimation of Class 0 jets
Creators: name: Cabrit, S.
name: Codella, C.
name: Gueth, F.
name: Nisini, B.
name: Gusdorf, A.
name: Dougados, C.
name: Bacciotti, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bipolar HH 212 outflow has been mapped in SiO using the extended configuration of the Plateau de Bure Interferometer (PdBI), revealing a highly collimated SiO jet closely associated with the H2 jet component. We study at unprecedented resolution (0.34" across the jet axis) the properties of the innermost SiO ``microjet'' within 1000 AU of this young Class 0 source, to compare it with atomic microjets from more evolved sources and to constrain its origin. The SiO channel maps are used to investigate the microjet collimation and velocity structure. A large velocity gradient analysis is applied to SiO (2-1), (5-4) and (8-7) data from the PdBI and the Submillimeter Array to constrain the SiO opacity and abundance. The HH212 Class 0 microjet shows striking similarities in collimation and energetic budget with atomic microjets from T Tauri sources. Furthermore, the SiO lines appear optically thick, unlike what is generally assumed. We infer T(kin) ~ 50-500 K and an SiO/H2 abundance greater than 4 10(-8)-6 10(-5) for n(H2) = 10(7)-10(5) cm(-3), i.e. 0.05-90% of the elemental silicon. This similar jet width, regardless of the presence of a dense envelope, definitely rules out jet collimation by external pressure, and favors a common MHD self-collimation (and possibly acceleration) process at all stages of star formation. We propose that the more abundant SiO in Class 0 jets could mainly result from rapid (less than 25 yrs) molecular synthesis at high jet densities.
Deformed strings in the Heisenberg model
Creators: name: Hagemans, R.
name: Caux, J. -S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate solutions to the Bethe equations for the isotropic S = 1/2 Heisenberg chain involving complex, string-like rapidity configurations of arbitrary length. Going beyond the traditional string hypothesis of undeformed strings, we describe a general procedure to construct eigenstates including strings with generic deformations, discuss general features of these solutions, and provide a number of explicit examples including complete solutions for all wavefunctions of short chains. We finally investigate some singular cases and show from simple symmetry arguments that their contribution to zero-temperature correlation functions vanishes.
description: 34 pages, 13 figures
Piezomagnetic Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Abolfath, Ramin M.
name: Petukhov, Andre
name: Zutic, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of deformations on magnetic ordering in quantum dots doped with magnetic impurities. The reduction of symmetry and the associated deformation from circular to elliptical quantum confinement lead to the formation of piezomagnetic quantum dots. The strength of elliptical deformation can be controlled by the gate voltage to change the magnitude of magnetization, at a fixed number of carriers and in the absence of applied magnetic field. We reveal a reentrant magnetic ordering with the increase of elliptical deformation and suggest that the piezomagnetic quantum dots can be used as nanoscale magnetic switches.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Uterine transcriptome analysis reveals mRNA expression changes associated with the ultrastructure differences of eggshell in young and aged laying hens
Creators: name: Feng, Jia
name: Zhang, Hai-jun
name: Wu, Shu-geng
name: Qi, Guang-hai
name: Wang, Jing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Sequence quality and alignment information of uterus in young (42 wk. of age; T1–16) and aged hen groups (72 wk. of age; T17–31).
From Conservatism to Innovation: The Sequential and Iterative Process of Smart Livestock Technology Adoption in Japanese Small-Farm Systems
Creators: name: Ohashi, Takumi
name: Saijo, Miki
name: Suzuki, Kento
name: Arafuka, Shinsuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.4
subject: 91C99

description: As global demand for animal products is projected to increase significantly by 2050, driven by population growth and increased incomes, smart livestock technologies are essential for improving efficiency, animal welfare, and environmental sustainability. Conducted within the unique agricultural context of Japan, characterized by small-scale, family-run farms and strong government protection policies, our study builds upon traditional theoretical frameworks that often oversimplify farmers' decision-making processes. By employing a scoping review, expert interviews, and a Modified Grounded Theory Approach, our research uncovers the intricate interplay between individual farmer values, farm management policies, social relations, agricultural policies, and livestock industry trends. We particularly highlight the unique dynamics within family-owned businesses, noting the tension between an "advanced management mindset" and "conservatism." Our study reveals that technology adoption is a sequential and iterative process, influenced by technology availability, farmers' digital literacy, technology implementation support, and observable technology impacts on animal health and productivity. These insights highlight the need for tailored support mechanisms and policies to enhance technology uptake, thereby promoting sustainable and efficient livestock production system.
description: 58 pages, 3 figures
Aromatic Features in AGN: Star-Forming Infrared Luminosity Function of AGN Host Galaxies
Creators: name: Shi, Yong
name: Ogle, Patrick
name: Rieke, George H.
name: Antonucci, Robert
name: Hines, Dean C.
name: Smith, Paul S.
name: Low, Frank J.
name: Bouwman, Jeroen
name: Willmer, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe observations of aromatic features at 7.7 and 11.3 um in AGN of three types including PG, 2MASS and 3CR objects. The feature has been demonstrated to originate predominantly from star formation. Based on the aromatic-derived star forming luminosity, we find that the far-IR emission of AGN can be dominated by either star formation or nuclear emission; the average contribution from star formation is around 25% at 70 and 160 um. The star-forming infrared luminosity functions of the three types of AGN are flatter than that of field galaxies, implying nuclear activity and star formation tend to be enhanced together. The star-forming luminosity function is also a function of the strength of nuclear activity from normal galaxies to the bright quasars, with luminosity functions becoming flatter for more intense nuclear activity. Different types of AGN show different distributions in the level of star formation activity, with 2MASS> PG> 3CR star formation rates.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 24 pages, 13 figures
Parabolic-elliptic Keller-Segel's system
Creators: name: Lemarié, Valentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study on the whole space R d the compressible Euler system with damping coupled to the Poisson equation when the damping coefficient tends towards infinity. We first prove a result of global existence for the Euler-Poisson system in the case where the damping is large enough, then, in a second step, we rigorously justify the passage to the limit to the parabolic-elliptic Keller-Segel after performing a diffusive rescaling, and get an explicit convergence rate. The overall study is carried out in 'critical' Besov spaces, in the spirit of the recent survey [16] by R. Danchin devoted to partially dissipative systems.
Impact of gauge fixing on angular momentum operators of the covariantly quantized electromagnetic field
Creators: name: Damski, Bogdan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Covariant quantization of the electromagnetic field imposes the so-called gauge-fixing modification on the Lagrangian density. As a result of that, the total angular momentum operator receives at least one gauge-fixing-originated contribution, whose presence causes some confusion in the literature. The goal of this work is to discuss in detail why such a contribution, having no classical interpretation, is actually indispensable. For this purpose, we divide canonical and Belinfante-Rosenfeld total angular momentum operators into different components and study their commutation relations, their role in generation of rotations of quantum fields, and their action on states from the physical sector of the theory. Then, we examine physical matrix elements of operators having gauge-fixing-related contributions, illustrating problems that one may encounter due to careless employment of the resolution of identity during their evaluation. The resolution of identity, in the indefinite-metric space of the covariantly-quantized electromagnetic field, is extensively discussed because it takes a not-so-intuitive form if one insists on explicit projection onto states from the physical sector of the theory. Our studies are carried out in the framework of the Gupta-Bleuler theory of the free electromagnetic field. Relevant remarks about interacting systems, described by covariantly-quantized electrodynamics, are given.
description: 13 pages
Continuum limit for Laplace and Elliptic operators on lattices
Creators: name: Mikami, Keita
name: Nakamura, Shu
name: Tadano, Yukihide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 47A10, 47B39, 47A58

description: Continuum limits of Laplace operators on general lattices are considered, and it is shown that these operators converge to elliptic operators on the Euclidean space in the sense of the generalized norm resolvent convergence. We then study operators on the hexagonal lattice, which does not apply the above general theory, but we can show its Laplace operator converges to the continuous Laplace operator in the continuum limit. We also study discrete operators on the square lattice corresponding to second order strictly elliptic operators with variable coefficients, and prove the generalized norm resolvent convergence in the continuum limit.
Adversarial Latent Autoencoder with Self-Attention for Structural Image Synthesis
Creators: name: Fan, Jiajie
name: Vuaille, Laure
name: Wang, Hao
name: Bäck, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Generative Engineering Design approaches driven by Deep Generative Models (DGM) have been proposed to facilitate industrial engineering processes. In such processes, designs often come in the form of images, such as blueprints, engineering drawings, and CAD models depending on the level of detail. DGMs have been successfully employed for synthesis of natural images, e.g., displaying animals, human faces and landscapes. However, industrial design images are fundamentally different from natural scenes in that they contain rich structural patterns and long-range dependencies, which are challenging for convolution-based DGMs to generate. Moreover, DGM-driven generation process is typically triggered based on random noisy inputs, which outputs unpredictable samples and thus cannot perform an efficient industrial design exploration. We tackle these challenges by proposing a novel model Self-Attention Adversarial Latent Autoencoder (SA-ALAE), which allows generating feasible design images of complex engineering parts. With SA-ALAE, users can not only explore novel variants of an existing design, but also control the generation process by operating in latent space. The potential of SA-ALAE is shown by generating engineering blueprints in a real automotive design task.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Synchrotron flaring behaviour of CygnusX-3 during the February-March 1994 and September 2001 outbursts
Creators: name: Lindfors, E. J.
name: Türler, M.
name: Hannikainen, D. C.
name: Pooley, G.
name: Tammi, J.
name: Trushkin, S. A.
name: Valtaoja, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: In this paper we study whether the shock-in-jet model, widely used to explain the outbursting behaviour of quasars, can be used to explain the radio flaring behaviour of the microquasar Cygnus X-3. Method: We have used a method developed to model the synchrotron outbursts of quasar jets, which decomposes multifrequency lightcurves into a series of outbursts. The method is based on the Marscher & Gear (1985) shock model, but we have implemented the modifications to the model suggested by Bjornsson & Aslaksen (2000), which make the flux density increase in the initial phase less abrupt. We study the average outburst evolution as well as specific characteristics of individual outbursts and physical jet properties of Cyg X-3. Results: We find that the lightcurves of the February-March 1994 and September 2001 outbursts can be described with the modified shock model. The average evolution shows that instead of the expected synchrotron plateau, the flux density is still increasing during the synchrotron stage. We also find that high frequency peaking outbursts are shorter in duration than the ones peaking at lower frequencies. Finally, we show that the method can be used, complementary to radio interferometric jet imaging, for deriving the physical parameters such as the magnetic field strength and the energy density of relativistic electrons in the jet of Cyg X-3.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Collective Excitations of Self-Gravitating Bose-Einstein Condensates: Breathing Mode and Appearance of Anisotropy under Self-Gravity
Creators: name: Asakawa, Kenta
name: Ishihara, Hideki
name: Tsubota, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the collective mode of a self-gravitating Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) described by the Gross-Pitaevskii-Poisson (GPP) equations. The self-gravitating BEC has garnered considerable attention in cosmology and astrophysics, being proposed as a plausible candidate for dark matter. Our inquiry delves into the breathing and anisotropic collective modes by numerically solving the GPP equations and using the variational method. The breathing mode demonstrates a reduction in period with increasing total mass due to the density dependence of the self-gravitating BEC, attributed to the density-dependent nature of self-gravitating BECs, aligning quantitatively with our analytical findings. Additionally, we investigate an anisotropic collective mode in which the quadrupole mode intertwines with the breathing mode. The period of the quadrupole mode exhibits similar total mass dependence to that of the breathing mode. The characteristics of these periods differ from those of a conventional BEC confined by an external potential. Despite the differences in density dependence, the ratio of their periods equals that of the BEC confined by an isotropic harmonic potential. Furthermore, an extension of the variational method to a spheroidal configuration enables the isolation of solely the quadrupole mode from the anisotropic collective mode.
description: 28 pages, 10 figures
Multipartite positive-partial-transpose inequalities exponentially stronger than local reality inequalities
Creators: name: Nagata, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that positivity of {\it every} partial transpose of $N$-partite quantum states implies new inequalities on Bell correlations which are stronger than standard Bell inequalities by a factor of $2^{(N-1)/2}$. A violation of the inequality implies the system is in a bipartite distillable entangled state. It turns out that a family of $N$-qubit bound entangled states proposed by Dür {[Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 87}, 230402 (2001)]} violates the inequality for $N\geq 4$.
description: 4 pages, To appear in Phys. Rev. A
Pushing the Limits of Non-Autoregressive Speech Recognition
Creators: name: Ng, Edwin G.
name: Chiu, Chung-Cheng
name: Zhang, Yu
name: Chan, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We combine recent advancements in end-to-end speech recognition to non-autoregressive automatic speech recognition. We push the limits of non-autoregressive state-of-the-art results for multiple datasets: LibriSpeech, Fisher+Switchboard and Wall Street Journal. Key to our recipe, we leverage CTC on giant Conformer neural network architectures with SpecAugment and wav2vec2 pre-training. We achieve 1.8%/3.6% WER on LibriSpeech test/test-other sets, 5.1%/9.8% WER on Switchboard, and 3.4% on the Wall Street Journal, all without a language model.
description: Proceedings of INTERSPEECH
Photonic counterdiabatic quantum optimization algorithm
Creators: name: Chandarana, Pranav
name: Paul, Koushik
name: Garcia-de-Andoin, Mikel
name: Ban, Yue
name: Sanz, Mikel
name: Chen, Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a hybrid quantum-classical approximate optimization algorithm for photonic quantum computing, specifically tailored for addressing continuous-variable optimization problems. Inspired by counterdiabatic protocols, our algorithm significantly reduces the required quantum operations for optimization as compared to adiabatic protocols. This reduction enables us to tackle non-convex continuous optimization and countably infinite integer programming within the near-term era of quantum computing. Through comprehensive benchmarking, we demonstrate that our approach outperforms existing state-of-the-art hybrid adiabatic quantum algorithms in terms of convergence and implementability. Remarkably, our algorithm offers a practical and accessible experimental realization, bypassing the need for high-order operations and overcoming experimental constraints. We conduct proof-of-principle experiments on an eight-mode nanophotonic quantum chip, successfully showcasing the feasibility and potential impact of the algorithm.
Predicting delays in Indian lower courts using AutoML and Decision Forests
Creators: name: Bhatnagar, Mohit
name: Huchhanavar, Shivraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.1

description: This paper presents a classification model that predicts delays in Indian lower courts based on case information available at filing. The model is built on a dataset of 4.2 million court cases filed in 2010 and their outcomes over a 10-year period. The data set is drawn from 7000+ lower courts in India. The authors employed AutoML to develop a multi-class classification model over all periods of pendency and then used binary decision forest classifiers to improve predictive accuracy for the classification of delays. The best model achieved an accuracy of 81.4%, and the precision, recall, and F1 were found to be 0.81. The study demonstrates the feasibility of AI models for predicting delays in Indian courts, based on relevant data points such as jurisdiction, court, judge, subject, and the parties involved. The paper also discusses the results in light of relevant literature and suggests areas for improvement and future research. The authors have made the dataset and Python code files used for the analysis available for further research in the crucial and contemporary field of Indian judicial reform.
description: 11 pages, Presented at ICCIDA-2023, accepted to be published as part of conference proceedings
Oxypoda lucidula Casey 1906
Creators: name: Webster, Reginald
name: Klimaszewski, Jan
name: Pelletier, Georges
name: Savard, Karine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Oxypoda
Oxypoda lucidula

description: Oxypoda lucidula Casey, 1906 Fig 20, Map 20 New Records. CANADA, New Brunswick, Albert Co., Shepody NWA, Mary’s Point Section, 45.7260°N, 64.6640°W, 12.IX.2004 (1 ♀, RWC). Carleton Co., Meduxnekeag River Valley Nature Preserve, 46.1931°N, 67.6825°W, 31.V.2005, M.- Map 20. Collection localities in New Brunswick, Canada of Oxypoda lucidula. A. Giguère and R.P. Webster (1 ♁, RWC); “ Bell Forest ”, 46.2145°N, 67.7206°W, 12.IV.2007 (1 ♀, RWC). Bionomic Notes. In New Brunswick, this species was collected from decaying gilled mushrooms and drift material on river margins. Elsewhere in Canada most adults were collected from litter near various wetlands (stream and pond margins) (Klimaszewski et al. 2006). Adults were collected in April, May, and September. Collection method: sifting. Distribution in Canada and Alaska. AK, YT, NT, AB, MB, ON, QC, NB (Klimaszewski et al. 2006; Gouix and Klimaszewski 2007).
description: Published as part of Webster, Reginald, Klimaszewski, Jan, Pelletier, Georges & Savard, Karine, 2009, New Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) records with new collection data from New Brunswick, Canada. I. Aleocharinae, pp. 171-248 in ZooKeys 22 (22) on pages 196-197, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.22.152, http://zenodo.org/record/576537
description: {"references": ["Casey TL (1906) Observations of the staphylinid groups Aleocharinae and Xantholinini, chiefly of America. Transactions of the Academy of Sciences of St. Louis 16: 125 - 435.", "Gouix N, Klimaszewski J (2007) Catalogue of Aleocharine Rove Beetles of Canada and Alaska (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae). Pensoft Publishers, Sofia-Moscow, 165 pp."]}
Toward Globally Optimal State Estimation Using Automatically Tightened Semidefinite Relaxations
Creators: name: Dümbgen, Frederike
name: Holmes, Connor
name: Agro, Ben
name: Barfoot, Timothy D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, semidefinite relaxations of common optimization problems in robotics have attracted growing attention due to their ability to provide globally optimal solutions. In many cases, it was shown that specific handcrafted redundant constraints are required to obtain tight relaxations and thus global optimality. These constraints are formulation-dependent and typically identified through a lengthy manual process. Instead, the present paper suggests an automatic method to find a set of sufficient redundant constraints to obtain tightness, if they exist. We first propose an efficient feasibility check to determine if a given set of variables can lead to a tight formulation. Secondly, we show how to scale the method to problems of bigger size. At no point of the process do we have to find redundant constraints manually. We showcase the effectiveness of the approach, in simulation and on real datasets, for range-based localization and stereo-based pose estimation. Finally, we reproduce semidefinite relaxations presented in recent literature and show that our automatic method always finds a smaller set of constraints sufficient for tightness than previously considered.
description: 20 pages, 22 figures. Version history: v5 (published version T-RO), v4 (conditionally accepted version T-RO), v3 (revised version), v2 (submitted version), v1 (initial version)
Constraining GRB progenitor models by probing Wolf-Rayet wind geometries in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Vink, Jorick S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The favoured progenitors of long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are rapidly rotating Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars. However, most Galactic WR stars are slow rotators, as stellar winds are thought to remove angular momentum. This poses a challenge to the collapsar model. Recent observations indicate that GRBs occur predominately in low metallicity (Z) environments, which may resolve the problem: lower Z leads to less mass loss, which may inhibit angular momentum removal, allowing WR stars to remain rotating rapidly until collapse. We wish to determine whether low Z WR stars rotate on average more rapidly than Galactic WR stars, and perform a Very Large Telescope (VLT) linear spectropolarimetry survey of WR stars in the low Z environment of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and compare our results with the Galactic sample. We find that only 2 out of 13 (i.e. 15%) of LMC WR stars show line polarization effects, compared to a similarly low fraction of ~15-20% for Galactic WR stars. The low incidence of line polarization effects in LMC WR stars suggests that the threshold metallicity where significant differences in WR rotational properties occur is below that of the LMC (Z ~ 0.5 Zsun), possibly constraining GRB progenitor channels to this upper metallicity.
description: Accepted for A&A
Collapsing dynamics of relativistic fluid in modified gravity admitting a conformal Killing vector
Creators: name: Bamba, Kazuharu
name: Yousaf, Z.
name: Bhatti, M. Z.
name: Nazer, R.
name: Hashimoto, Yuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The collapsing dynamics of relativistic fluid are explored in $f(R)$ gravity in a detailed systematic manner for the non-static spherically symmetric spacetime satisfying the equation of the conformal Killing vector. With quasi-homologous condition and diminishing complexity factor condition, exact solutions for dissipative as well as for non-dissipative systems are found and the astrophysical applications of these exact solutions are discussed. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that $f(R)=R$, which is the extensive restriction of $f(R)$ gravity, prior solutions of the collapsing fluid in general relativity, can be retrieved.
description: 26 pages, version accepted for publication in the European Physical Journal C
Determinant Bounds and the Matsubara UV Problem of Many-Fermion Systems
Creators: name: Pedra, Walter
name: Salmhofer, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that perturbation theory converges in fermionic field theory at weak coupling if the interaction and the covariance are summable and if certain determinants arising in the expansion can be bounded efficiently, e.g. if the covariance admits a Gram representation with a finite Gram constant. The covariances of the standard many--fermion systems do not fall into this class due to the slow decay of the covariance at large Matsubara frequency, giving rise to a UV problem in the integration over degrees of freedom with Matsubara frequencies larger than some Omega (usually the first step in a multiscale analysis). We show that these covariances do not have Gram representations on any separable Hilbert space. We then prove a general bound for determinants associated to chronological products which is stronger than the usual Gram bound and which applies to the many--fermion case. This allows us to prove convergence of the first integration step in a rather easy way, for a short--range interaction which can be arbitrarily strong, provided Omega is chosen large enough. Moreover, we give - for the first time - nonperturbative bounds on all scales for the case of scale decompositions of the propagator which do not impose cutoffs on the Matsubara frequency.
description: 29 pages LaTeX
The role and relative importance of language in the development of perspective taking skills in young children
Creators: name: Clinton, Jill Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study was undertaken in order to investigate the role of language in the development of perspective taking skills in young children. Theory, research, and observation into the development of these skills supports the view that language may be important in this development. The purpose of this experiment was to provide empirical research on the role of language in the development of these skills. There were two research questions being addressed by this study. They were: 1) Does the level of language competence play a role in the successful development of conceptual and perceptual perspective taking; and 2) How do children with normal language development compare to children with delayed language development in their development of conceptual and perceptual perspective taking? The experiment was designed with one independent variable (language) and two dependent variables (conceptual and perceptual perspective taking tasks). Two groups of four year old children differing only in their language development (one normal, one delayed) were administered both a conceptual and a perceptual perspective taking task. The results of the statistical analyses comparing the two groups on each task revealed that the group with normal language development performed significantly better than the delayed language group on the conceptual task, while the groups performed equally well on the perceptual task. The results indicated that language plays a more important role in the development of conceptual perspective taking, and a less important role in the development of perceptual perspective taking.
Operational Quantification of Continuous Variable Correlations
Creators: name: Rodó, C.
name: Adesso, Gerardo
name: Sanpera, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantify correlations (quantum and/or classical) between two continuous variable modes in terms of how many correlated bits can be extracted by measuring the sign of two local quadratures. On Gaussian states, such `bit quadrature correlations' majorize entanglement, reducing to an entanglement monotone for pure states. For non-Gaussian states, such as photonic Bell states, ideal and real de-Gaussified photon-subtracted states, and mixtures of pure Gaussian states, the bit correlations are shown to be a {\em monotonic} function of the negativity. This yields a feasible, operational way to quantitatively measure non-Gaussian entanglement in current experiments by means of direct homodyne detection, without a full tomographical reconstruction of the Wigner function.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, improved presentation, a subfigure and some explicit analytical expressions added
title:  Richesses potentielles des approches interdisciplinaires et interculturelles pour questionner et analyser la mondialisation
Creators: name: Glaymann ,  Dominique
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2021

description: L’étude des faits sociaux, économiques, politiques et culturels se heurte souvent, en particulier en France, à un fractionnement disciplinaire qui segmente et appauvrit la compréhension de réalités qui sont complexes et multidimensionnelles. La réalité que forme le processus de mondialisation constitue un phénomène dont il paraît peu plausible d’analyser et de saisir la complexité sans franchir les frontières tant disciplinaires que nationales. En traitant de l’ancienneté de la mondialisation, de ses dimensions multiples, de ses origines et de ses évolutions prévisibles, nous souhaitons dans ce texte montrer l’intérêt et la fécondité des approches pluridisciplinaires et pluriculturelles, sans pour autant méconnaître les difficultés de ces démarches.
description: Interculture : contributions, réseaux, spécificités des contextes francophones
Quantisations of piecewise affine maps on the torus and their quantum limits
Creators: name: Chang, Cheng-Hung
name: Krueger, Tyll
name: Schubert, Roman
name: Troubetzkoy, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For general quantum systems the semiclassical behaviour of eigenfunctions in relation to the ergodic properties of the underlying classical system is quite difficult to understand. The Wignerfunctions of eigenstates converge weakly to invariant measures of the classical system, the so called quantum limits, and one would like to understand which invariant measures can occur that way, thereby classifying the semiclassical behaviour of eigenfunctions. We introduce a class of maps on the torus for whose quantisations we can understand the set of quantum limits in great detail. In particular we can construct examples of ergodic maps which have singular ergodic measures as quantum limits, and examples of non-ergodic maps where arbitrary convex combinations of absolutely continuous ergodic measures can occur as quantum limits. The maps we quantise are obtained by cutting and stacking.
A Tight Formulation for the Dial-a-Ride Problem
Creators: name: Gaul, Daniela
name: Klamroth, Kathrin
name: Pfeiffer, Christian
name: Schulz, Arne
name: Stiglmayr, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ridepooling services play an increasingly important role in modern transportation systems. With soaring demand and growing fleet sizes, the underlying route planning problems become increasingly challenging. In this context, we consider the dial-a-ride problem (DARP): Given a set of transportation requests with pick-up and delivery locations, passenger numbers, time windows, and maximum ride times, an optimal routing for a fleet of vehicles, including an optimized passenger assignment, needs to be determined. We present tight mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) formulations for the DARP by combining two state-of-the-art models into novel location-augmented-event-based formulations. Strong valid inequalities and lower and upper bounding techniques are derived to further improve the formulations. We then demonstrate the theoretical and computational superiority of the new model: First, the formulation is tight in the sense that, if time windows shrink to a single point in time, the linear programming relaxation yields integer (and hence optimal) solutions. Second, extensive numerical experiments on benchmark instances show that computational times are on average reduced by 49.7% compared to state-of-the-art event-based approaches.
Quantum secured LiDAR with Gaussian modulated coherent states
Creators: name: Wang, Dong
name: Zhao, Juan-Ying
name: Wang, Ya-Chao
name: Zhou, Liang-Jiang
name: Zhao, Yi-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LiDAR systems that rely on classical signals are susceptible to intercept-and-recent spoofing attacks, where a target attempts to avoid detection. To address this vulnerability, we propose a quantum-secured LiDAR protocol that utilizes Gaussian modulated coherent states for both range determination and spoofing attack detection. By leveraging the Gaussian nature of the signals, the LiDAR system can accurately determine the range of the target through cross-correlation analysis. Additionally, by estimating the excess noise of the LiDAR system, the spoofing attack performed by the target can be detected, as it can introduce additional noise to the signals. We have developed a model for target detection and security check, and conducted numerical simulations to evaluate the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) of the LiDAR system. The results indicate that an intercept-and-recent spoofing attack can be detected with a high probability at a low false-alarm rate. Furthermore, the proposed method can be implemented using currently available technology, highlighting its feasibility and practicality in real-world applications.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Le roman de l'Afrique occidentale : quelques paramètres de l'ambiguïté
Creators: name: David, Beverley Gail
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Le phenomene de l’aitibiguite qui sous-tend le roman africain est ne de l’existence et du contact en Afrique de deux mondes radicalement opposes (africain et europeen). Le romancier africain, place exemplairement au carrefour de ces deux mondes, porte la trace de ces contacts et des conf1its, culturels et autres, qui en naissent. La presente etude examine les racines du phenomene de l’ambiguite exprime par le roman africain dans les domaines culturel, socio-politique et religieux. Elle met en relief le fait que les maux dont souffre l’Afrique contemporaine sont en fait le resultat de la rencontre brutale entre les civilisations africaine et europeenne.
The top squark-mediated annihilation scenario and direct detection of dark matter in compressed supersymmetry
Creators: name: Martin, Stephen P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Top squark-mediated annihilation of bino-like neutralinos to top-antitop pairs can play the dominant role in obtaining a thermal relic dark matter abundance in agreement with observations. In a previous paper, it was argued that this can occur naturally in models of compressed supersymmetry, which feature a running gluino mass parameter that is substantially smaller than the wino mass parameter at the scale of apparent gauge coupling unification. Here I study in some more detail the parameter space in which this is viable, and compare to other scenarios for obtaining the observed dark matter density. I then study the possibility of detecting the dark matter directly in future experiments. The prospects are consistently very promising for a wide variety of model parameters within this scenario.
description: 17 pages. v2: additions to figures 4 and 6
Relations between generalised Wishart matrices, the Muttalib--Borodin model and matrix spherical functions
Creators: name: Forrester, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalised uncorrelated Wishart matrices are formed out of rectangular standard Gaussian data matrices with a certain pattern of zero entries. Development of the theory in the real and complex cases has proceeded along separate line. For example, emphasis in the real case has been placed on the Bellman and Riesz distributions, while that in the complex case has been shown to be closely related to the Muttalib-Borodin model. In this work, as well as uniting the lines of development, a tie in with matrix spherical functions is identified in the context of deducing the eigenvalue probability density function from the joint element probability density function.
description: 15 pages
The Belebele Benchmark: a Parallel Reading Comprehension Dataset in 122 Language Variants
Creators: name: Bandarkar, Lucas
name: Liang, Davis
name: Muller, Benjamin
name: Artetxe, Mikel
name: Shukla, Satya Narayan
name: Husa, Donald
name: Goyal, Naman
name: Krishnan, Abhinandan
name: Zettlemoyer, Luke
name: Khabsa, Madian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: We present Belebele, a multiple-choice machine reading comprehension (MRC) dataset spanning 122 language variants. Significantly expanding the language coverage of natural language understanding (NLU) benchmarks, this dataset enables the evaluation of text models in high-, medium-, and low-resource languages. Each question is based on a short passage from the Flores-200 dataset and has four multiple-choice answers. The questions were carefully curated to discriminate between models with different levels of general language comprehension. The English dataset on its own proves difficult enough to challenge state-of-the-art language models. Being fully parallel, this dataset enables direct comparison of model performance across all languages. We use this dataset to evaluate the capabilities of multilingual masked language models (MLMs) and large language models (LLMs). We present extensive results and find that despite significant cross-lingual transfer in English-centric LLMs, much smaller MLMs pretrained on balanced multilingual data still understand far more languages. We also observe that larger vocabulary size and conscious vocabulary construction correlate with better performance on low-resource languages. Overall, Belebele opens up new avenues for evaluating and analyzing the multilingual capabilities of NLP systems.
description: ACL 2024
Search for Lorentz-violation through sidereal effect at NOνA Experiment
Creators: name: Mishra, Shashank
name: Shukla, Saurabh
name: Singh, Lakhwinder
name: Singh, Venktesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments offer a unique laboratory to test the fundamental Lorentz symmetry, which is heart of both the standard model of particle and general relativity theory. Deviations from the standard neutrino oscillation or the sidereal modulation in neutrino events will smoking-gun experimental signature of Lorentz and CPT violation. In this study, we investigate the impact of the sidereal effect on standard neutrino oscillation measurements within the context of the NOνA experiment.
 Additionally, we assess the sensitivity of the NOνA experiment to detect Lorentz-violating interactions, taking into account the sidereal effect. Furthermore, we highlight potential of the NOνA experiment to set the new constraints on anisotropic Lorentz-violating parameters.
Harmonic chain far from equilibrium: single-file diffusion, long-range order, and hyperuniformity
Creators: name: Ikeda, Harukuni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In one dimension, particles can not bypass each other. As a consequence, the mean-squared displacement (MSD) in equilibrium shows sub-diffusion ${\rm MSD}(t)\sim t^{1/2}$, instead of normal diffusion ${\rm MSD}(t)\sim t$. This phenomenon is the so-called single-file diffusion. Here, we investigate how the above equilibrium behaviors are modified far from equilibrium. In particular, we want to uncover what kind of non-equilibrium driving force can suppress diffusion and achieve the long-range crystalline order in one dimension, which is prohibited by the Mermin-Wagner theorem in equilibrium. For that purpose, we investigate the harmonic chain driven by the following four types of driving forces that do not satisfy the detailed balance: (i) temporally correlated noise with the noise spectrum $D(ω)\sim ω^{-2θ}$, (ii) conserving noise, (iii) periodic driving force, and (iv) periodic deformations of particles. For the driving force (i) with $θ>-1/4$, we observe ${\rm MSD}(t)\sim t^{1/2+2θ}$ for large $t$. On the other hand, for the driving forces (i) with $θ<-1/4$ and (ii)-(iv), MSD remains finite. As a consequence, the harmonic chain exhibits the crystalline order even in one dimension. Furthermore, the density fluctuations of the model are highly suppressed in a large scale in the crystal phase. This phenomenon is known as hyperuniformity. We discuss that hyperuniformity of the noise fluctuations themselves is the relevant mechanism to stabilize the long-range crystalline order in one dimension and yield hyperuniformity of the density fluctuations.
description: 23 pages, 7figures
(Almost-)Quantum Bell Inequalities and Device-Independent Applications
Creators: name: Liu, Yuan
name: Chung, Ho Yiu
name: Ramanathan, Ravishankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Investigations of the boundary of the quantum correlation set through the derivation of quantum Bell inequalities have gained increased attention in recent years, which are related to Tsirelson's problem and have significant applications in DI information processing. However, determining quantum Bell inequalities is a notoriously difficult task and only isolated examples are known. In this paper, we present families of (almost-)quantum Bell inequalities and highlight three foundational and DI applications. Firstly, quantum correlations on the non-signaling boundary are crucial in the DI randomness extraction from weak sources. In the practical Bell scenario of two players with two k-outcome measurements, we derive quantum Bell inequalities that show a separation of the quantum boundary from certain portions of the no-signaling boundary of dimension up to 4k-8, extending previous results. As an immediate by-product of this, we give a general proof of Aumann's Agreement theorem for quantum systems and the almost-quantum correlations, which implies Aumann's agreement theorem is a reasonable physical principle in the context of epistemics to pick out both quantum theory and almost-quantum correlations from general no-signaling theories. Secondly, we present a family of quantum Bell inequalities in the two players with m binary measurements scenarios, that serve to self-test the two-qubit singlet and 2m measurements. Interestingly, this claim generalizes the result for m=2 discovered by Tsirelson-Landau-Masanes and shows an improvement over the state-of-the-art DIRA. Lastly, we use our quantum Bell inequalities to derive the general form of the principle of no advantage in nonlocal computation, which is an information-theoretic principle that serves to characterize the quantum correlation set. With this, we provide the most precise characterization of the quantum boundary known so far.
description: 19+15 pages. Accepted in Quantum