cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Risk Assessment of COVID Infection by Respiratory Droplets from Cough for Various Ventilation Scenarios Inside an Elevator An OpenFOAM based Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis
Creators: name: Biswas, Riddhideep
name: Pal, Anish
name: Pal, Ritam
name: Sarkar, Sourav
name: Mukhopadhyay, Achintya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Respiratory droplets exhaled during speaking, coughing or sneezing have been responsible for the spread of the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic. The droplet dynamics depend on the surrounding air velocity, temperature and relative humidity. Droplets evaporate to form aerosols which contain the disease spreading virus. In a confined space like an elevator, the risk of transmission becomes higher when there is an infected person inside the elevator with other individuals. In this work, a numerical study is carried out in a 3D domain resembling an elevator using OpenFoam. Different modes of air circulation are considered inside the elevator and the impact of these air circulations on droplet dynamics is investigated. The scenario of the opening of elevator door and the passenger leaving the elevator has also been considered in order to simulate a real life condition. A pedantic analysis of certain risk assessment factors and remedial measures to be adopted has been performed which include the number of aerosols present in the zone of 0.8 to 1.8 m, the radial spread of the suspended droplets around the mouth of the infected person. From these factors, the safe condition can be understood. The time period up to which the elevator will be risk prone has also been investigated in case the person coughs just before leaving the elevator. After conducting these studies, the quiescent environment has been found out to be the most dangerous whereas ventilation with an exhaust fan is the safest.
Dissipation and Extra Light in Galactic Nuclei: II. 'Cusp' Ellipticals
Creators: name: Hopkins, Philip F.
name: Cox, Thomas J.
name: Dutta, Suvendra N.
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Kormendy, John
name: Lauer, Tod R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the origin and properties of 'extra' or 'excess' central light in the surface brightness profiles of cusp or power-law ellipticals. Dissipational mergers give rise to two-component profiles: an outer profile established by violent relaxation acting on stars present in the progenitors prior to the final merger, and an inner stellar population comprising the extra light, formed in a compact starburst. Combining a large set of hydrodynamical simulations with data that span a broad range of profiles and masses, we show that this picture is borne out -- cusp ellipticals are indeed 'extra light' ellipticals -- and examine how the properties of this component scale with global galaxy properties. We show how to robustly separate the 'extra' light, and demonstrate that observed cusps are reliable tracers of the degree of dissipation in the spheroid-forming merger. We show that the typical degree of dissipation is a strong function of stellar mass, tracing observed disk gas fractions at each mass. We demonstrate a correlation between extra light content and effective radius at fixed mass: systems with more dissipation are more compact. The outer shape of the light profile does not depend on mass, with a mean outer Sersic index ~2.5. We explore how this relates to shapes, kinematics, and stellar population gradients. Simulations with the gas content needed to match observed profiles also reproduce observed age, metallicity, and color gradients, and we show how these can be used as tracers of the degree of dissipation in spheroid formation.
description: 40 pages, 32 figures, accepted to ApJ (revised to match accepted version)
Swift/UVOT follow-up of Gravitational Wave Alerts in the O3 era
Creators: name: Oates, S. R.
name: Marshall, F. E.
name: Breeveld, A. A.
name: Kuin, N. P. M.
name: Brown, P. J.
name: De Pasquale, M.
name: Evans, P. A.
name: Fenney, A. J.
name: Gronwall, C.
name: Kennea, J. A.
name: Klingler, N. J.
name: Page, M. J.
name: Siegel, M. H.
name: Tohuvavohu, A.
name: Ambrosi, E.
name: Barthelmy, S. D.
name: Beardmore, A. P.
name: Bernardini, M. G.
name: Campana, S.
name: Caputo, R.
name: Cenko, S. B.
name: Cusumano, G.
name: D'Aì, A.
name: D'Avanzo, P.
name: D'Elia, V.
name: Giommi, P.
name: Hartmann, D. H.
name: Krimm, H. A.
name: Laha, S.
name: Malesani, D. B.
name: Melandri, A.
name: Nousek, J. A.
name: O'Brien, P. T.
name: Osborne, J. P.
name: Pagani, C.
name: Page, K. L.
name: Palmer, D. M.
name: Perri, M.
name: Racusin, J. L.
name: Sakamoto, T.
name: Sbarufatti, B.
name: Schlieder, J. E.
name: Tagliaferri, G.
name: Troja, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we report on the observational performance of the Swift Ultra-violet/Optical Telescope (UVOT) in response to the Gravitational Wave alerts announced by the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory and the Advanced Virgo detector during the O3 period. We provide the observational strategy for follow-up of GW alerts and provide an overview of the processing and analysis of candidate optical/UV sources. For the O3 period, we also provide a statistical overview and report on serendipitous sources discovered by Swift/UVOT. Swift followed 18 gravitational-wave candidate alerts, with UVOT observing a total of 424 deg^2. We found 27 sources that changed in magnitude at the 3 sigma level compared with archival u or g-band catalogued values. Swift/UVOT also followed up a further 13 sources reported by other facilities during the O3 period. Using catalogue information, we divided these 40 sources into five initial classifications: 11 candidate active galactic nuclei (AGN)/quasars, 3 Cataclysmic Variables (CVs), 9 supernovae, 11 unidentified sources that had archival photometry and 6 uncatalogued sources for which no archival photometry was available. We have no strong evidence to identify any of these transients as counterparts to the GW events. The 17 unclassified sources are likely a mix of AGN and a class of fast-evolving transient, and one source may be a CV.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures and 5 tables. Submitted to MNRAS. Supplementary contains 23 pages with 8 figures and 1 table
On the application of the Critical Minimum Energy Subspace method to disordered systems
Creators: name: Hernandez, Laura
name: Ceva, Horacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the recent application to strongly disordered systems of the Critical Minimum Energy Subspace (CMES) method, used to limit the energy subspace of the Wang-Landau sampling. We compare with our results on the 3D Random Field Ising Model obtained by a multi-range Wang-Landau simulation in the whole energy range. We point out at some problems that may arise when applying the CMES scheme to models having a complex free energy landscape. PACS numbers: 02.70.Tt,02.70.Rr,05.50.+q, 64.60.Cn, 64.60.Fr, 75.10.Hk
description: work presented in CCP2007
Multi-wavelength observations of the Blazar 4C +28.07
Creators: name: Zargaryan, Davit
name: Mackey, Jonathan
name: Barnouin, Thibault
name: Aharonian, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The active galactic nucleus 4C +28.07 is a flat spectrum radio quasar, one of the brightest at $γ$-ray energies. We study its multi-wavelength emission by analysing $\sim12.3$ years of \textit{Fermi-LAT} data in the $γ$-ray band and \textit{Swift-XRT/UVOT} available data in X-ray and Optical-to-Ultraviolet bands. In the $γ$-ray band, five flaring periods have been detected, during which the flux dramatically increases by several times (>5) compared with its average quiescent phase. Quasi-simultaneously with the flaring times, the X-ray and UVOT data detected by \textit{Swift-XRT/UVOT} have also been analysed. In one of the brightest flare periods (Flare 5; observed on Oct 12, 2018) the $γ$-ray flux reached $(6.7\pm0.81)\times 10^{-6}$ photon/cm^2/s ($\sim31\times$ higher than the mean flux over 12.3 years) with detection significance of $σ=6.1$. The apparent $γ$-ray luminosity of this flaring corresponds to $3.6\times10^{49}$ erg/s (for a distance of 8.38 Gpc), one of the highest $γ$-ray luminosities observed for blazars. Flare 5 has an estimated $\sim2$ hours time block, which can be considered the average $γ$-ray variability time. The variability time constrains the $γ$-ray emitting region size to <9e14 cm, which is close to the black hole radius. The spectral energy distributions (SEDs) in the $γ$-ray band for the $\sim12.3$ years of data show an early cut-off at $\sim14$ GeV; beyond $\sim60$ GeV, however, the spectrum hardens and is detected up to $\sim316$ GeV. Similar spectral behaviour is also noticeable for the SEDs of flares, which can be linked to the photon absorption by the emitting region's internal and external narrow-band radiation fields. Considering the significance of the obtained results from 4C\,+28.07, we compared the parameters with 3C\,279 and M87, to motivate further studies.
description: Published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Inferring basic parameters of the geodynamo from sequences of polarity reversals
Creators: name: Fischer, Michael
name: Gerbeth, Gunter
name: Giesecke, Andre
name: Stefani, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The asymmetric time dependence and various statistical properties of polarity reversals of the Earth's magnetic field are utilized to infer some of the most essential parameters of the geodynamo, among them the effective (turbulent) magnetic diffusivity, the degree of supercriticality, and the relative strength of the periodic forcing which is believed to result from the Milankovic cycle of the Earth's orbit eccentricity. A time-stepped spherically symmetric alpha^2-dynamo model is used as the kernel of an inverse problem solver in form of a downhill simplex method which converges to solutions that yield a stunning correspondence with paleomagnetic data.
description: 15 pages, 3 figure, submitted to Inverse Problems
Binary Evolutionary Models
Creators: name: Han, Z.
name: Podsiadlowski, Ph.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk, we present the general principles of binary evolution and give two examples. The first example is the formation of subdwarf B stars (sdBs) and their application to the long-standing problem of ultraviolet excess (also known as UV-upturn) in elliptical galaxies. The second is for the progenitors of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). We discuss the main binary interactions, i.e., stable Roche lobe overflow (RLOF) and common envelope (CE) evolution, and show evolutionary channels leading to the formation of various binary-related objects. In the first example, we show that the binary model of sdB stars of Han et al. (2002, 2003) can reproduce field sdB stars and their counterparts, extreme horizontal branch (EHB) stars, in globular clusters. By applying the binary model to the study of evolutionary population synthesis, we have obtained an ``a priori'' model for the UV-upturn of elliptical galaxies and showed that the UV-upturn is most likely resulted from binary interactions. This has major implications for understanding the evolution of the UV excess and elliptical galaxies in general. In the second example, we introduce the single degenerate channel and the double degenerate channel for the progenitors of SNe Ia. We give the birth rates and delay time distributions for each channel and the distributions of companion stars at the moment of SN explosion for the single degenerate channel, which would help to search for the remnant companion stars observationally.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, invited talk, to appear in the Proceedings of IAU Symp. 252 "The Art of Modelling Stars in the 21st Century", Sanya, China, 6th-11th April 2008, (L. Deng, K.L. Chan & C. Chiosi, eds.)
Raffaella Colombo – Federico Francucci – Matteo Quinti (eds.), Mimesis» 1946-2016. Atti delle Giornate di Studio su Erich Auerbach
Creators: name: Comparini, Alberto
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Cagliari
Year: 2019

description: Gli studi auerbachiani si arricchiscono di un nuovo prezioso volume: inserendosi in quella che si potrebbe definire una vera e propria ‘Auerbach Renaissance’, che ha avuto inizio in Italia nel 2009 con la pubblicazione di due curatele – La rappresentazione della realtà (Artemide) e «Mimesis». L’eredita di Auerbach (Esedra) – ed è proseguita nel 2013 con le monografie di Riccardo Castellana (La teoria letteraria di Erich Auerbach. Una introduzione a «Mimesis» (Artemide) e di Giuseppe Tinè, Erich Auerbach. Una teoria della letteratura (Carocci), nel 2017 sono usciti gli atti di due giornate di studi dedicate al capolavoro dello studioso tedesco che ha avuto luogo nell’autunno del 2015 presso il Collegio Ghislieri.
description: Between, V. 9, N. 17 (2019): Immaginare l’impossibile: trame della creatività tra letteratura e scienza
fMRIPrep preprocessing of the UK Biobank using CBRAIN for NeuroHub
Creators: name: Pham, Xuan Mai
name: Abou-Haidar, Rida
name: Beck, Natacha
name: Boroday, Serge
name: Das, Samir
name: Le, Diana
name: Lecours-Boucher, Xavier
name: McPherson, Brent
name: Quesnel, Darcy
name: Rioux, Pierre
name: Caron, Bryan
name: Poline, Jean-Baptiste
name: Evans, Alan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: neuroinformatics and data sharing
workflows
informatics
computational neuroscience
computing
design and analysis
open data
open-source code
Other - Supercomputers

description: Accepted abstract and poster for presentation at the Organization for Human Brain Mapping (OHBM) Conference, June 2024.
Thermal memory: a storage of phononic information
Creators: name: Wang, Lei
name: Li, Baowen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Memory is an indispensable element for computer besides logic gates. In this Letter we report a model of thermal memory. We demonstrate via numerical simulation that thermal (phononic) information stored in the memory can be retained for a long time without being lost and more importantly can be read out without being destroyed. The possibility of experimental realization is also discussed.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures,
High-spin binary black hole mergers
Creators: name: Marronetti, Pedro
name: Tichy, Wolfgang
name: Brügmann, Bernd
name: González, Jose
name: Sperhake, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study identical mass black hole binaries with spins perpendicular to the binary's orbital plane. These binaries have individual spins ranging from $s/m^2=-0.90$ to 0.90, ($s_1 = s_2$ in all cases) which is near the limit possible with standard Bowen-York puncture initial data. The extreme cases correspond to the largest initial spin simulations to date. Our results expand the parameter space covered by Rezzolla {\it et al.} and, when combining both data sets, we obtain estimations for the minimum and maximum values for the intrinsic angular momenta of the remnant of binary black hole mergers of $J/M^2=0.341 \pm 0.004$ and $0.951 \pm 0.004$ respectively. Note, however, that these values are reached through extrapolation to the singular cases $|s_1| = |s_2| = 1$ and thus remain as {\it estimates} until full-fledged numerical simulations provide confirmation.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures. Changed to match the version accepted for publication in PRD
Bayesian eco-evolutionary game dynamics
Creators: name: Patra, Arunava
name: Bairagya, Joy Das
name: Chakraborty, Sagar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The symbiotic relationship between the frameworks of classical game theory and evolutionary game theory is well-established. However, evolutionary game theorists have mostly tapped into the classical game of complete information where players are completely informed of all other players' payoffs. Of late, there is a surge of interest in eco-evolutionary interactions where the environment's state is changed by the players' actions which, in turn, are influenced by the changing environment. However, in real life, the information about the true environmental state must pass through some noisy channel (like usually imperfect sensory apparatus of the players) before it is perceived by the players: The players naturally are prone to sometimes perceive the true state erroneously. Given the uncertain perceived environment, the players may adopt bet-hedging kind of strategies in which they play different actions in different perceptions. In a population of such ill-informed players, a player would be confused about the information state of her opponent, and an incomplete information situation akin to a Bayesian game surfaces. In short, we contemplate possibility of natural emergence of symbiotic relationship between the frameworks of Bayesian games and eco-evolutionary games when the players are equipped with inefficient sensory apparatus. Herein, we illustrate this connection using a setup of infinitely large, well-mixed population of players equipped with two actions for exploiting a resource (the environment) at two different rates so that the resource state evolves accordingly. The state of the resource impacts every player's decision of playing particular action. We investigate continuous state environment in the presence of a Gaussian noisy channel. Employing the formalism of replicator dynamics, we find that noisy information can be effective in preventing resource from going extinct.
Pyrolysis of some western Canadian coals in a spouted bed reactor
Creators: name: Jarallah, Adnan Mohammed
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Coal pyrolysis has been studied in a 12.8 cm diameter continuous spouted bed reactor with the aim of determining conditions for maximum liquid yields from Western Canadian coals. Coals studied included two British Columbia bituminous coals and one Alberta sub-bituminous coal. The basic characteristics of the spouted bed pyrolyzer were determined by carrying out experiments over a range of spouting gas velocities and composition, coal feed rates and particle size, reactor temperatures, and bed heights. The process was assessed by measuring the yields and compositions of the tar, char, and gas. Nitrogen and nitrogen/carbon dioxide mixtures and coal of size - 3.36 + 1.19 mm were fed at atmospheric pressure to an electrically heated reactor containing sand. The tar yield was determined by sampling the outlet gas through a series of cooled impingers. The spouted bed pyrolyzer behaves in a manner similar to a fluidized bed unit, and shows a maximum tar yield with temperature at a fixed feed rate. At a given pyrolyzer temperature, the tar yield was inversely proportional to the coal feed rate over the range 0.4 to 7.6 kg/h. This effect is attributed to the detrimental effect on tar yield of the increasing amounts of char present in the reactor as coal feed rate increases. Coal type strongly influenced the liquid yields as expected. Sukunka bituminous coal from the Peace River coal field gave a maximum tar yield at 600°C of 31% wt/wt MAF coal. The corresponding gas yield was 3.6%, and the char yield was 64%. The maximum tar yield from Balmer bituminous coal from Crowsnest coal field was 19.4% wt/wt MAF coal at 580°C while that from a high-ash Balmer bituminous coal was 12.1% at 620°C. Forestburg sub-bituminous coal from the Edmonton formation gave a maximum tar yield of 21% at 530°C and significantly higher gas yields of 20% versus 6% for the bituminous coals due to higher C02 production. With Sukunka coal, a steady increase in tar yield from 20.4 to 26.7% wt/wt MAF coal at 580°C was found as the average coal particle size was reduced from 2.28 to 0.65 mm. No significant effects on tar yield were found for variations in spouted bed depth, or vapour residence time over the range 0.68 -1.15 s. No serious problems were encountered with agglomeration. Composition of gas, tar and char are presented for conditions of maximum tar yield for the various coals tested. The H/C atomic ratio of the tars was as high as twice that of the parent coal. Oxygen, sulphur and nitrogen together represent up to 10 wt% of the bituminous coal tars, which suggests considerable upgrading will be necessary to produce liquids of quality comparable to petroleum oils. The total volatiles yield data were well represented by a first order kinetic model. An activation energy of 4.71 kcal/mole was obtained for the sub-bituminous coal while that for the bituminous coals was 14.1 kcal/mole.
Nodal Spin Density Wave and band topology of the FeAs based materials
Creators: name: Ran, Ying
name: Wang, Fa
name: Zhai, Hui
name: Vishwanath, Ashvin
name: Lee, Dung-Hai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently discovered FeAs-based materials exhibit a $(π,0)$ Spin Density Wave (SDW) in the undoped state, which gives way to superconductivity upon doping. Here we show that due to an interesting topological feature of the band structure, the SDW state cannot acquire a full gap. This is demonstrated within the SDW mean-field theory of both a simplified two band model and a more realistic 5-band model. The positions of the nodes are different in the two models and can be used to detected the validity of each model.
description: rewritten for clarity
Kelvin Falcão Klein, Wilcock, ficção e arquivo
Creators: name: Gialloreto, Andrea
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Cagliari
Year: 2019

description: Alla vigilia del centenario della nascita, l’eccentrico narratore, poeta e traduttore italo-argentino Juan Rodolfo Wilcock torna a essere oggetto delle attenzioni della critica grazie al brillante studio di Kelvin Falcão Klein, docente di Letterature comparate presso l’Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO).
description: Between, V. 9, N. 17 (2019): Immaginare l’impossibile: trame della creatività tra letteratura e scienza
Neutrino Masses and Mixings from String Theory Instantons
Creators: name: Antusch, S.
name: Ibanez, L. E.
name: Macri, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study possible patterns of neutrino masses and mixings in string models in which Majorana neutrino masses are generated by a certain class of string theory instantons recently considered in the literature. These instantons may generate either directly the dim=5 Weinberg operator or right-handed neutrino Majorana masses, both with a certain flavour-factorised form. A hierarchy of neutrino masses naturally appears from the exponentially suppressed contributions of different instantons. The flavour structure is controlled by string amplitudes involving neutrino fields and charged instanton zero modes. For some simple choices for these amplitudes one finds neutrino mixing patterns consistent with experimental results. In particular, we find that a tri-bimaximal mixing pattern is obtained for simple symmetric values of the string correlators.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures
Annalisa Izzo, Telos. Il finale nel romanzo dell’Ottocento
Creators: name: Marvaso, Renato
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Cagliari
Year: 2019

description: Il volume di Rosalba Galvagno si compone di ben sei sezioni nelle quali il tema dell’illusione è affrontato con impegno e grande inventiva. La lettura dei saggi, tutti inerenti la narrativa di De Roberto, è avvolgente e colta, ricca di richiami ed echi che si prolungano ben oltre il campo della letteratura, dialogando efficacemente con la psicanalisi e la teoria del testo.
description: Between, V. 9, N. 17 (2019): Immaginare l’impossibile: trame della creatività tra letteratura e scienza
Extending the Boutiques Tool Description Framework in CBRAIN
Creators: name: Boroday, Serge
name: Adalat, Reza
name: Beck, Natacha
name: Das, Samir
name: Glatard, Tristan
name: Khalili-Mahani, Najmeh
name: Lecours-Boucher, Xavier
name: Quesnel, Darcy
name: Rioux, Pierre
name: Caron, Bryan
name: Evans, Alan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Neuroinformatics and data sharing
Workflows
Informatics
Computational Neuroscience
Computing
Design and Analysis
Open Data
Open-Source Code
Other - Supercomputers

description: Accepted abstract and poster for presentation at the Organization for Human Brain Mapping (OHBM) Conference, June 2024.
Disorder-induced ordering in gallium oxide polymorphs
Creators: name: Azarov, Alexander
name: Bazioti, Calliope
name: Venkatachalapathy, Vishnukanthan
name: Vajeeston, Ponniah
name: Monakhov, Edouard
name: Kuznetsov, Andrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polymorphs are common in nature and can be stabilized by applying external pressure in materials. The pressure/strain can also be induced by the gradually accumulated radiation disorder. However, in semiconductors, the radiation disorder accumulation typically results in the amorphization instead of engaging polymorphism. By studying these phenomena in gallium oxide we found that the amorphization may be prominently suppressed by the monoclinic to orthorhombic phase transition. Utilizing this discovery, a highly oriented single-phase orthorhombic film on the top of the monoclinic gallium oxide substrate was fabricated. Exploring this system, a novel mode of a lateral polymorphic regrowth, not previously observed in solids, was detected. In combination, these data envisage a new direction of research on polymorphs in Ga2O3 and, potentially, for similar polymorphic families in other materials.
Fine Structure of Pentaquark Multiplets in the Dynamical Diquark Model
Creators: name: Giron, Jesse F.
name: Lebed, Richard F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the dynamical diquark model to predict the spectrum of hidden-charm pentaquark states in both unflavored and open-strange sectors. Using only Hamiltonian parameters introduced in the tetraquark $S$- and $P$-wave multiplets, the model naturally produces the level spacing supported by the most recent LHCb results for $P_c$ structures. Furthermore, using model inputs obtained from data of hidden-charm, open-strange tetraquarks ($Z_{cs}$), we predict the spectrum of $P_{cs}$ states, including the recently observed $P_{cs}(4459)$. We find all pentaquark candidates observed to date to belong to the $1P$ multiplet and hence have positive parity.
description: 10 pages, no figures, Includes updated references. To appear in Physical Review D
Natural extension of the Generalised Uncertainty Principle
Creators: name: Bambi, C.
name: Urban, F. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a gedanken experiment for the simultaneous measurement of the position and momentum of a particle in de Sitter spacetime. We propose an extension of the so-called generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) which implies the existence of a minimum observable momentum. The new GUP is directly connected to the nonzero cosmological constant, which becomes a necessary ingredient for a more complete picture of the quantum spacetime.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, v2 with added references, revised and extended as published in CQG
Low-energy probes of sterile neutrino transition magnetic moments
Creators: name: Miranda, O. G.
name: Papoulias, D. K.
name: Sanders, O.
name: Tórtola, M.
name: Valle, J. W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sterile neutrinos with keV-MeV masses and non-zero transition magnetic moments can be probed through low-energy nuclear or electron recoil measurements. Here we determine the sensitivities of current and future searches, showing how they can probe a previously unexplored parameter region. Future coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$ν$NS) or elastic neutrino-electron scattering (E$ν$ES) experiments using a monochromatic $^{51}$Cr source can fully probe the region indicated by the recent XENON1T excess.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. V2: References added, Fig.3 updated with additional bounds, conclusions unchanged, matches the published version
Degradation of diethanolamine solutions
Creators: name: Kennard, Malcolm L.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Raw natural gas contains acid gases such as H2S and C02 which must be removed before the gas can be sold. The removal of these gases is called "sweetening" and the use of Diethanolamine (DEA) as a solvent has become widely accepted by industry. The process is simply based on the absorption and desorption of the acid gases in aqueous DEA. Side reactions can occur when DEA reacts with the C02 to produce degradation compounds. This degradation causes a loss in valuable DEA and an increase in plant operating costs. The reaction between DEA and C02 was studied experimentally, using a 600 ml stirred autoclave, to determine the effect of temperature, DEA concentration, and reaction pressure. Degraded DEA samples were analysed using gas chromatography. A fast, simple, and reliable technique was developed to analyse degraded DEA samples, which was ideally suited to plant use. Over 12 degradation compounds were detected in the degraded DEA solutions using gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. Degradation mechanisms are proposed for the production of the various compounds. It was found that the degradation of DEA was very sensitive to temperature, DEA concentration, and C02 solubility of less than 0.2 g C02/g DEA. To study the effect of C02 solubility, which is a function of reaction pressure, simple solubility experiments were performed to cover the range of 100-200°C, 413.7-4137 kPa (60-600 psi) partial pressure of C02 and DEA concentration of 10, 20, and 30 wt % DEA. It was found that the reaction between DEA and C02 was extremely complex consisting of a mixture of equilibria, parallel, series, and ionic reactions. However, the overall degradation of DEA could be simply described by a pseudo first order reaction. The main degradation products were HEOD, THEED, and BHEP. It was concluded that C02 acted as a catalyst being neither consumed nor produced during the degradation of DEA to THEED and BHEP. HEOD was produced from DEA and C02, but was found to be unstable and could be converted back to DEA or react to form THEED and BHEP. The following simple kinetic model was developed to predict the degradation of DEA and the production of the major degradation compounds: [Figure 1] The model covered the ranges of DEA concentration 0-100 wt % DEA, 90-175°C, and C02 solubilities greater than 0.2 g C02/g DEA. Attempts were made to purify degraded DEA solutions. It has been claimed that activated carbon filters are useful in removing degradation compounds. However, tests with activated carbon proved it to be incapable of removing any of the major degradation compounds.
Neutrino Masses and the LHC: Testing Type II Seesaw
Creators: name: Perez, Pavel Fileviez
name: Han, Tao
name: Huang, Gui-Yu
name: Li, Tong
name: Wang, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate how to systematically test a well-motivated mechanism for neutrino mass generation (Type-II seesaw) at the LHC, in which a Higgs triplet is introduced. In the optimistic scenarios with a small Higgs triplet vacuum expectation value vd < 10^{-4} GeV, one can look for clean signals of lepton number violation in the decays of doubly charged and singly charged Higgs bosons to distinguish the Normal Hierarchy (NH), the Inverted Hierarchy (IH) and the Quasi-Degenerate (QD) spectrum for the light neutrino masses. The observation of either H+ --> tau+ nubar or H+ --> e+ nubar will be particularly robust for the spectrum test since they are independent of the unknown Majorana phases. The H++ decays moderately depend on a Majorana phase Phi2 in the NH, but sensitively depend on Phi1 in the IH. In a less favorable scenario vd > 2 10^{-4} GeV, when the leptonic channels are suppressed, one needs to observe the decays H+ --> W+ H_1 and H+ --> t bbar to confirm the triplet-doublet mixing which in turn implies the existence of the same gauge-invariant interaction between the lepton doublet and the Higgs triplet responsible for the neutrino mass generation. In the most optimistic situation, vd approx 10^{-4} GeV, both channels of the lepton pairs and gauge boson pairs may be available simultaneously. The determination of their relative branching fractions would give a measurement for the value of vd.
description: 50 pages, 51 figures, minor corrections, one reference added, to appear in Physical Review D
Additional file 1 of Global dynamics of international migration systems across South–South, North–North, and North–South flows, 1990–2015
Creators: name: Leal, Diego F.
name: Harder, Nicolas L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendices that include standardized country codes, Non-Network descriptive statistics, data sources, and the R code used to generate our results.
Octo-Tiger's New Hydro Module and Performance Using HPX+CUDA on ORNL's Summit
Creators: name: Diehl, Patrick
name: Daiß, Gregor
name: Marcello, Dominic
name: Huck, Kevin
name: Shiber, Sagiv
name: Kaiser, Hartmut
name: Frank, Juhan
name: Pflüger, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Octo-Tiger is a code for modeling three-dimensional self-gravitating astrophysical fluids. It was particularly designed for the study of dynamical mass transfer between interacting binary stars. Octo-Tiger is parallelized for distributed systems using the asynchronous many-task runtime system, the C++ standard library for parallelism and concurrency (HPX) and utilizes CUDA for its gravity solver. Recently, we have remodeled Octo-Tiger's hydro solver to use a three-dimensional reconstruction scheme. In addition, we have ported the hydro solver to GPU using CUDA kernels. We present scaling results for the new hydro kernels on ORNL's Summit machine using a Sedov-Taylor blast wave problem. We also compare Octo-Tiger's new hydro scheme with its old hydro scheme, using a rotating star as a test problem.
description: Accepted to IEEE Cluster
Three- and four-state rock-paper-scissors games with diffusion
Creators: name: Peltomaki, Matti
name: Alava, Mikko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cyclic dominance of three species is a commonly occurring interaction dynamics, often denoted the rock-paper-scissors (RPS) game. Such type of interactions is known to promote species coexistence. Here, we generalize recent results of Reichenbach et al. (e.g. Nature 448, 1046 (2007)) of a four-state variant of RPS. We show that spiral formation takes place only without a conservation law for the total density. Nevertheless, in general fast diffusion can destroy species coexistence. We also generalize the four-state model to slightly varying reaction rates. This is shown both analytically and numerically not to change pattern formation, or the effective wave length of the spirals, and therefore does not alter the qualitative properties of the cross-over to extinction.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review E
HOW BUSINESSES CREATE PERSONALIZED EXPERIENCES TO BOOST CUSTOMER RETENTION: THE ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY AND HUMAN INTERACTIONS IN CUSTOMER SATISFACTION
Creators: name: Mbonigaba Celestin*, M. Vasuki**, S. Sujatha*** & A. Dinesh Kumar****
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This study explores Customer Experience Management (CEM) as a crucial strategy for business success, focusing on personalized interactions and the balance between technology and human touch. The objective was to assess how businesses leverage CEM to improve customer satisfaction, retention, and loyalty. A mixed-method approach was adopted, involving quantitative surveys of 150 businesses and qualitative interviews with 20 senior managers. Results show that companies implementing effective CEM strategies reported a 25% increase in customer retention and a 30% improvement in customer satisfaction. Additionally, personalized interactions powered by AI contributed to a 15% increase in customer retention. Despite these advancements, 59% of consumers still prefer human interactions for complex needs. The study concludes that successful CEM strategies require a balance between automation and empathy.
Boson-Fermion pairing in Bose-Fermi mixtures on 1D optical lattices
Creators: name: Barillier-Pertuisel, X.
name: Pittel, S.
name: Pollet, L.
name: Schuck, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Boson-fermion pairing is considered in a discrete environment of bosons and fully spin-polarized fermions, coupled via an attractive Bose-Fermi Hubbard Hamiltonian in one dimension. The results of the T-matrix approximation for particles of equal mass and at double half filling are compared with the results of exact diagonalization and with Quantum Monte Carlo results. Satisfactory agreement for most quantities is found. The appearance of a stable, weak-coupling pairing mode is also confirmed.
description: accepted for publication by Phys. Rev. A
Closed-String Tachyon Condensation and the Worldsheet Super-Higgs Effect
Creators: name: Horava, Petr
name: Keeler, Cynthia A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Alternative gauge choices for worldsheet supersymmetry can elucidate dynamical phenomena obscured in the usual superconformal gauge. In the particular example of the tachyonic $E_8$ heterotic string, we use a judicious gauge choice to show that the process of closed-string tachyon condensation can be understood in terms of a worldsheet super-Higgs effect. The worldsheet gravitino assimilates the goldstino and becomes a dynamical propagating field. Conformal, but not superconformal, invariance is maintained throughout.
description: 4 pages; v2: typos corrected, a reference added; v3: final version, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett. (abstract and intro modified for a broader audience)
Lifecycle Management of Trustworthy AI Models in 6G Networks: The REASON Approach
Creators: name: Parra-Ullauri, Juan
name: Zhou, Xueqing
name: Moazzeni, Shadi
name: Hussain, Rasheed
name: Vasilakos, Xenofon
name: Wu, Yulei
name: Baby, Renjith
name: Mahmud, M M Hassan
name: Incorvaia, Gabriele
name: Hond, Darryl
name: Asgari, Hamid
name: Tassi, Andrea
name: Warren, Daniel
name: Simeonidou, Dimitra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Artificial Intelligence (AI) is expected to play a key role in 6G networks including optimising system management, operation, and evolution. This requires systematic lifecycle management of AI models, ensuring their impact on services and stakeholders is continuously monitored. While current 6G initiatives introduce AI, they often fall short in addressing end-to-end intelligence and crucial aspects like trust, transparency, privacy, and verifiability. Trustworthy AI is vital, especially for critical infrastructures like 6G. This paper introduces the REASON approach for holistically addressing AI's native integration and trustworthiness in future 6G networks. The approach comprises AI Orchestration (AIO) for model lifecycle management, Cognition (COG) for performance evaluation and explanation, and AI Monitoring (AIM) for tracking and feedback. Digital Twin (DT) technology is leveraged to facilitate real-time monitoring and scenario testing, which are essential for AIO, COG, and AIM. We demonstrate this approach through an AI-enabled xAPP use case, leveraging a DT platform to validate, explain, and deploy trustworthy AI models.
A comparison of particle and fluid models for positive streamer discharges in air
Creators: name: Wang, Zhen
name: Sun, Anbang
name: Teunissen, Jannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both fluid and particle models are commonly used to simulate streamer discharges. In this paper, we quantitatively study the agreement between these approaches for axisymmetric and 3D simulations of positive streamers in air. We use a drift-diffusion-reaction fluid model with the local field approximation and a PIC-MCC (particle-in-cell, Monte Carlo collision) particle model. The simulations are performed at 300 K and 1 bar in a 10 mm plate-plate gap with a 2 mm needle electrode. Applied voltages between 11.7 and 15.6 kV are used, which correspond to background fields of about 15 to 20 kV/cm. Streamer properties like maximal electric field, head position and velocity are compared as a function of time or space. Our results show good agreement between the particle and fluid simulations, in contrast to some earlier comparisons that were carried out in 1D or for negative streamers. To quantify discrepancies between the models, we mainly look at streamer velocities as a function of streamer length. For the test cases considered here, the mean deviation in streamer velocity between the particle and fluid simulations is less than 4%. We study the effect of different types of transport data for the fluid model, and find that flux coefficients lead to good agreement whereas bulk coefficients do not. Furthermore, we find that with a two-term Boltzmann solver, data should be computed using a temporal growth model for the best agreement. The numerical convergence of the particle and fluid models is also studied. In fluid simulations the streamer velocity increases somewhat using finer grids, whereas the particle simulations are less sensitive to the grid. Photoionization is the dominant source of stochastic fluctuations in our simulations. When the same stochastic photoionization model is used, particle and fluid simulations exhibit similar fluctuations.
Neutrino Oscillation Observables from Mass Matrix Structure
Creators: name: Winter, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic procedure to establish a connection between complex neutrino mass matrix textures and experimental observables, including the Dirac CP phase. In addition, we illustrate how future experimental measurements affect the selection of textures in the (theta_13,delta_CP)-plane. For the mixing angles, we use generic assumptions motivated by quark-lepton complementarity. We allow for any combination between U_l and U_nu, as well as we average over all present complex phases. We find that individual textures lead to very different distributions of the observables, such as to large or small leptonic CP violation. In addition, we find that the extended quark-lepton complementarity approach motivates future precision measurements of delta_CP at the level of theta_C \simeq 11 degrees.
description: Version to appear in Phys. Lett. B. A complete list of textures can be found at http://theorie.physik.uni-wuerzburg.de/~winter/Resources/CTex/index.html . 7 pages, 1 figure, 1 table
Novel Bayesian neural network based approach for nuclear charge radii
Creators: name: Dong, Xiao-Xu
name: An, Rong
name: Lu, Jun-Xu
name: Geng, Li-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge radius is one of the most fundamental properties of a nucleus. However, a precise description of the evolution of charge radii along an isotopic chain is highly nontrivial, as reinforced by recent experimental measurements. In this paper, we propose a novel approach which combines a three-parameter formula and a Bayesian neural network. We find that the novel approach can describe the charge radii of all $A\ge40$ and $Z\ge20$ nuclei with a root-mean-square deviation about 0.015 fm. In particular, the charge radii of the calcium isotopic chain are reproduced very well, including the parabolic behavior and strong odd-even staggerings. We further test the approach for the potassium isotopes and show that it can describe well the experimental data within uncertainties.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Physical Review C
Export Fact Sheet and Import Fact Sheet
Creators: name: , Development
name: , Development
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1964
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Excerpts from the Report: U.S. agricultural exports in fiscal year 1962-63 were slightly below record. Value totaled $5,084 million, 1 percent below the record in 1961-62. Volume about equaled the previous year's record. The export value was equivalent to one-seventh of cash receipts from farm marketings totaling $35,921 million. Value of U.S. agricultural imports in fiscal year 1963 was 4 percent above the 1962 value. Imports totaled $3,911 million in 1963 compared with $3,762 million in 1962. Quantity of imports increased by 5 percent. Supplementary (partially competitive) imports gained 8 percent in value and 6 percent in quantity while complementary (noncompetitive) items fell 1 percent in value but gained 4 percent in volume. Agricultural commodities accounted for 24 percent of total U.S. imports for consumption in fiscal year 1963.
description: Reprinted from Foreign Agricultural Trade of the United States January and April 1964