cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Theory of Exciton Recombination from the Magnetically Induced Wigner Crystal
Creators: name: Cooper, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the theory of itinerant-hole photoluminescence of two-dimensional electron systems in the regime of the magnetically induced Wigner crystal. We show that the exciton recombination transition develops structure related to the presence of the Wigner crystal. The form of this structure depends strongly on the separation $d$ between the photo-excited hole and the plane of the two-dimensional electron gas. When $d$ is small compared to the magnetic length, additional peaks appear in the spectrum due to the recombination of exciton states with wavevectors equal to the reciprocal lattice vectors of the crystal. For $d$ larger than the magnetic length, the exciton becomes strongly confined to an interstitial site of the lattice, and the structure in the spectrum reflects the short-range correlations of the Wigner crystal. We derive expressions for the energies and the radiative lifetimes of the states contributing to photoluminescence, and discuss how the results of our analysis compare with experimental observations.
description: 10 pages, no figures, uses Revtex and multicol.sty
Two dimensional dirac semimetals near the magic-angle: excitations, interactions, impurities, and methods
Creators: name: Yi, Jinjing
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2025

description: We theoretically study the excitation spectrum of a two-dimensional Dirac semi-metal inthe presence of an incommensurate potential. Such models have been shown to possessmagic-angle critical points in the single particle wavefunctions, signaled by a momentumspace delocalization of plane wave eigenstates and flat bands due to a vanishing Dirac conevelocity. Using the kernel polynomial method, we compute the single particle Green’sfunction to extract the nature of the single particle excitation energy, damping rate, andquasi-particle residue. As a result, we are able to clearly demonstrate the redistribution ofspectral weight due to quasi-periodicity-induced downfolding of the Brillouin zone creatingminibands with effective mini Brillouin zones that correspond to emergent superlattices.By computing the damping rate we show that the vanishing of the velocity and generationof finite density of states at the magic-angle transition coincides with the developmentof an imaginary part in the self energy and a suppression of the quasiparticle residue thatvanishes in a power law like fashion. Observing these effects with ultracold atoms usingmomentum resolved radiofrequency spectroscopy is discussed.We then extended the discussion of two dimensional Dirac semimetal to the case ofwith Hubbard interaction and later with coulomb interaction.We also explore a new method to accelerate the computation of physical propertiessimilar to Kernel Polynomial method, which is currently widely used in computationalcondensed matter, to compute density of states, Green’s function and conductivity. Weused a new method that can approximate the delta function in term of lorentzian functionsin a higher order fashion in the applied math community to introduce this new method.Finally, we explore vacancy-induced impurity states in twisted bilayer graphene (TBG)near the magic angle, where ab-initio calculations and atomic-scale modeling demonstratethat these vacancies act as quantum impurities. By constructing an Anderson impuritymodel and solving it using the numerical renormalization group and kernel polynomialmethod, we uncover a dichotomy between vacancies in AA/BB and AB/BA regions, withthe latter exhibiting multifractal wavefunctions and a broad distribution of Kondo temperatures.These findings highlight the potential of scanning tunneling microscopy to probeboth critical single-particle states and many-body ground states in magic-angle TBG.
A Preshower Photon Multiplicity Detector for the WA98 Experiment
Creators: name: Aggarwal, M. M.
name: Agnihotri, A.
name: Ahammed, Z.
name: Baba, P. V. K. S.
name: Badyal, S. K.
name: Bhalla, K. B.
name: Bhatia, V. S.
name: Chattopadhyay, S.
name: Das, A. C.
name: Majumdar, M. R. Dutta
name: Ganti, M. S.
name: Ghosh, T. K.
name: Gupta, S. K.
name: Gutbrod, H. H.
name: Kachroo, S.
name: Kolb, B. W.
name: Kumar, V.
name: Langbein, I.
name: Mahapatra, D. P.
name: Mishra, G. C.
name: Mukhopadhyay, D. S.
name: Nandi, B. K.
name: Nayak, S. K.
name: Nayak, T. K.
name: Purschke, M. L.
name: Raniwala, S.
name: Ramamurthy, V. S.
name: Rao, N. K.
name: Sambyal, S. S.
name: Sinha, B. C.
name: Trivedi, M. D.
name: Urbahn, J.
name: Viyogi, Y. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A high granularity preshower detector has been fabricated and installed in the WA98 Experiment at the CERN SPS for measuring the spatial distribution of photons produced in the forward region in lead ion induced interactions. Photons are counted by detecting the preshower signal in plastic scintillator pads placed behind a 3 radiation length thick lead converter and applying a threshold on the scintillator signal to reject the minimum ionizing particles. Techniques to improve the imaging of the fibre and performance of the detector in the high multiplicity environment of lead-lead collisions are described. Using Monte-Carlo simulation methods and test beam data of pi- and e- at various energies the photon counting efficiency is estimated to be 68% for central and 73% for peripheral Pb+Pb collisions.
description: 38 pages, 25 figures
The Casimir effect in string theory
Creators: name: Kehagias, Alexandros
name: Partouche, Herve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the Casimir effect in heterotic string theory. This is done by considering a Z_2 twist acting on one external compact direction and three internal coordinates. The hyperplanes fixed by the orbifold generator G realize the two infinite parallel plates. For the latter to behave as "conducting material", we implement in a modular invariant way the projection (1-G)/2 on the spectrum running in the vacuum-to-vacuum amplitude at one-loop. Hence, the relevant projector to account for the Casimir effect is orthogonal to that commonly used in string orbifold models, which is (1+G)/2. We find that this setup yields the same net force acting on the plates in the context of quantum field theory and string theory. However, when supersymmetry is not present from the onset, finiteness of the resultant force in field theory is reached by adding formally infinite forces acting on either side of each plate, while in string theory both contributions are finite. On the contrary, when supersymmetry is spontaneously broken a la Scherk-Schwarz, finiteness of each contribution is fulfilled in field and string theory.
description: 1+30 pages
Learning from power system data stream: phasor-detective approach
Creators: name: Escobar, Mauro
name: Bienstock, Daniel
name: Chertkov, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Assuming access to synchronized stream of Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) data over a significant portion of a power system interconnect, say controlled by an Independent System Operator (ISO), what can you extract about past, current and future state of the system? We have focused on answering this practical questions pragmatically - empowered with nothing but standard tools of data analysis, such as PCA, filtering and cross-correlation analysis. Quite surprisingly we have found that even during the quiet "no significant events" period this standard set of statistical tools allows the "phasor-detective" to extract from the data important hidden anomalies, such as problematic control loops at loads and wind farms, and mildly malfunctioning assets, such as transformers and generators. We also discuss and sketch future challenges a mature phasor-detective can possibly tackle by adding machine learning and physics modeling sophistication to the basic approach.
Two-dimensional behavior of the sublattice magnetization in three-dimensional Ising antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Petracic, O.
name: Binek, Ch.
name: Kleemann, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A three-dimensional layered Ising-Antiferromagnet with a ferromagnetic intra-layer coupling to z neighbors, zJ > 0, and an antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling to z' neighbors, z'J' < 0, is investigated by Monte Carlo simulations on a hexagonal lattice. The physical nature of the anomalous temperature bahavior of the sublattice magnetizations, which is found for certain values of r=zJ/z'J' and z' in magnetic fields is explained in terms of successive phase transitions. They take place on the ferromagnetic 2-dimensional spin-down sublattice at T = T_c^{2d}, smeared by a finite stabilizing molecular field, and on both antiferromagnetically coupled sublattices at T_c^{3d} > T_c^{2d}.
description: 8 pages (TeX), 6 figures (eps), submitted to World Scientific: Proceedings SDHS'99 Duisburg
Additional file 2: of GLA:DÂŽ Back: implementation of group-based patient education integrated with exercises to support self-management of back pain - protocol for a hybrid effectiveness-implementation study
Creators: name: Kongsted, Alice
name: Ris, Inge
name: Kjaer, Per
name: Vach, Werner
name: MorsĂ¸, Lars
name: Hartvigsen, Jan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: English translation of patient consent. (PDF 107 kb)
title: The Ballad of the Textbook Annex
Creators: name: Domier, Sharon H
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Administration, Management, and Leadership Archives and Special Collections Professional/staff development Technical Services
subject: textbooks
subject: Library and Information Science

description: Do you remember the theme song for Gilligan's Island? Imagine this in a project setting where a large number of library materials were contracted to be moved to storage in a very quick time-frame, only to discover that a significant number of them were not in the inventory system. A perfect storm of the effects of earlier uncompleted projects, poor implementation planning, quick decisions, and outside challenges threatened to sink our ship. Only the heroic efforts and flexibility of all involved managed to get us to shore without drowning or killing each other. The lessons learned will ensure that we don't find ourselves in the same situation again.
description: Sung to the tune of the Gilligan's Island theme song, the presenter is going take you on our version of a three hour tour and introduce you to the characters, the environment, the tools, the luggage, the setbacks, and ultimately the successful outcome of a project to move a large number of books to off-site storage. Be prepared to laugh, cry, shake your head, and learn from our mistakes.
Two-stream convolutional networks for end-to-end learning of self-driving cars
Creators: name: Fernandez, Nelson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a methodology to extend the concept of Two-Stream Convolutional Networks to perform end-to-end learning for self-driving cars with temporal cues. The system has the ability to learn spatiotemporal features by simultaneously mapping raw images and pre-calculated optical flows directly to steering commands. Although optical flows encode temporal-rich information, we found that 2D-CNNs are prone to capturing features only as spatial representations. We show how the use of Multitask Learning favors the learning of temporal features via inductive transfer from a shared spatiotemporal representation. Preliminary results demonstrate a competitive improvement of 30% in prediction accuracy and stability compared to widely used regression methods trained on the Comma.ai dataset.
On backreaction effects in geometrical destabilisation of inflation
Creators: name: Grocholski, Oskar
name: Kalinowski, Marcin
name: Kolanowski, Maciej
name: Renaux-Petel, Sébastien
name: Turzyński, Krzysztof
name: Vennin, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the geometrical instability arising in multi-field models of inflation with negatively-curved field space. We analyse how the homogeneous background evolves in presence of geometrical destabilisation, and show that, in simple models, a kinematical backreaction effect takes place that shuts off the instability. We also follow the evolution of the unstable scalar fluctuations. We show that they assist the kinematical backreaction while remaining in the perturbative regime. We conclude that, in the simplest models of geometrical destabilisation, inflation does not end prematurely, but rather proceeds along a modified, sidetracked, field-space trajectory.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures, matches the published version
Shape Analysis, Lebesgue Integration and Absolute Continuity Connections
Creators: name: Bernal, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: As shape analysis of the form presented in Srivastava and Klassen's textbook 'Functional and Shape Data Analysis' is intricately related to Lebesgue integration and absolute continuity, it is advantageous to have a good grasp of the latter two notions. Accordingly, in these notes we review basic concepts and results about Lebesgue integration and absolute continuity. In particular, we review fundamental results connecting them to each other and to the kind of shape analysis, or more generally, functional data analysis presented in the aforementioned textbook, in the process shedding light on important aspects of all three notions. Many well-known results, especially most results about Lebesgue integration and some results about absolute continuity, are presented without proofs. However, a good number of results about absolute continuity and most results about functional data and shape analysis are presented with proofs. Actually, most missing proofs can be found in Royden's 'Real Analysis' and Rudin's 'Principles of Mathematical Analysis' as it is on these classic textbooks and Srivastava and Klassen's textbook that a good portion of these notes are based. However, if the proof of a result does not appear in the aforementioned textbooks, nor in some other known publication, or if all by itself it could be of value to the reader, an effort has been made to present it accordingly.
description: 82 pages, 1 figure from 3 ps files
Von Neumann stability of modified loop quantum cosmologies
Creators: name: Saini, Sahil
name: Singh, Parampreet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Von Neumann stability analysis of quantum difference equations in loop quantized spacetimes has often proved useful to understand viability of quantizations and whether general relativistic description is recovered at small spacetime curvatures. We use this technique to analyze the infra-red behavior of quantum Hamiltonian constraint in recently explored modifications of loop quantum cosmology: mLQC-I and mLQC-II, for the spatially flat FLRW model. We investigate the behavior for $μ_o$ scheme, where minimum area of loops in quantization procedure does not take physical metric in to account, and the $\bar μ$ scheme where quantization procedure uses physical metric. The fate of stability of quantum difference equations is tested for massless scalar field as well as with inclusion of a positive cosmological constant. We show that for mLQC-I and mLQC-II, difference equation fails to be von Neumann stable for the $μ_o$ scheme if cosmological constant is included signaling problematic behavior at large volumes. Both of the modified loop quantum cosmologies are von Neumann stable for $\bar μ$ scheme. In contrast to standard loop quantum cosmology, properties of roots turn out to be richer and intricate. Our results demonstrate the robustness of $\bar μ$ scheme (or `improved dynamics') in loop quantization of cosmological spacetimes even when non-trivial quantization ambiguities of Hamiltonian are considered, and show that $μ_o$ scheme is non-viable in this setting.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures. Appendix on agreement between loop quantum difference equation and Wheeler-DeWitt differential equation at large volumes added. Version published in CQG
Additional file 1: of GLA:DÂŽ Back: implementation of group-based patient education integrated with exercises to support self-management of back pain - protocol for a hybrid effectiveness-implementation study
Creators: name: Kongsted, Alice
name: Ris, Inge
name: Kjaer, Per
name: Vach, Werner
name: MorsĂ¸, Lars
name: Hartvigsen, Jan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Plan for the two-day course. (DOCX 20 kb)
Jet collisions and vortex reversal in the human left ventricle
Creators: name: Di Labbio, Giuseppe
name: Kadem, Lyes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unnatural dynamics of the notorious vortex in the left ventricle is often associated with cardiac disease. Understanding how different cardiac diseases alter the flow physics in the left ventricle may therefore provide a powerful tool for disease detection. In this work, the fluid dynamics in the left ventricle subject to different severities of aortic regurgitation is experimentally investigated by performing time-resolved particle image velocimetry in a left heart duplicator. Diastolic vortex reversal was observed in the left ventricle accompanied by an increase in viscous energy dissipation. Vortex dynamics and energy dissipation may provide useful insights on sub-optimal flow patterns in the left ventricle.
Running coupling and Borel singularities at small x
Creators: name: Anderson, K. D.
name: Ross, D. A.
name: Sotiropoulos, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from the dipole representation of small-$x$ evolution we implement the running of the coupling in a self-consistent way. This results in an evolution equation for the dipole density in Borel $(b)$ space. We show that the Borel image of the dipole density is analytic in the neighbourhood of $b=0$ and that it is equal to the BFKL solution at $b=0$. We study the Borel singularity structure of the dipole cascade emanating from a virtual photon at small $x$ and find a branch cut on the positive $b$-semiaxis starting at $b=1/ β_0$. This indicates the presence of $1/Q^2$ power corrections to the small-$x$ structure functions. Finally we present numerical results in the context of D.I.S.
description: 20 pages, Latex, 3 figures included
Propagating Spectropolarimetric Disturbances in a Large Sunspot
Creators: name: Stangalini, M.
name: Jafarzadeh, S.
name: Ermolli, I.
name: Erdélyi, R.
name: Jess, D. B.
name: Keys, P. H.
name: Giorgi, F.
name: Murabito, M.
name: Berrilli, F.
name: Del Moro, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results derived from the analysis of spectropolarimetric measurements of active region AR12546, which represents one of the largest sunspots to have emerged onto the solar surface over the last $20$ years. The region was observed with full-Stokes scans of the Fe I 617.3 nm and Ca II 854.2 nm lines with the Interferometric BIdimensional Spectrometer (IBIS) instrument at the Dunn Solar Telescope over an uncommon, extremely long time interval exceeding three hours. Clear circular polarization (CP) oscillations localized at the umbra-penumbra boundary of the observed region were detected. Furthermore, the multi-height data allowed us to detect the downward propagation of both CP and intensity disturbances at $2.5-3$~mHz, which was identified by a phase delay between these two quantities. These results are interpreted as a propagating magneto-hydrodynamic surface mode in the observed sunspot.
description: 8 Pages, 4 Figures, ApJ Accepted
Additional file 1: of Sex ratios and bimaturism differ between temperature-dependent and genetic sex-determination systems in reptiles
Creators: name: Bókony, Veronika
name: Milne, Gregory
name: Ivett Pipoly
name: Székely, Tamás
name: Liker, András
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Supplementary Methods and Results, Figures S1-S5, Tables S1-S4. (DOCX 555 kb)
Estudo de caso de estimulação cognitiva avaliada por eletroencefalografia
Creators: name: Alves, Camila Fernanda Machado
name: Filho, João Batista Destro
name: Soares, Eduarda De Paula Nogueira
name: Colantoni, Márcia Artiaga
name: Ramos, Marina Abadia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Medicina e espiritualidade
EEG
Estimulaçao cognitiva

description: Este artigo realiza o estudo de caso de uma estimulação cognitiva particular, classificada como atividade meditativa, avaliada através do EEG (0 – 100 Hz), dentro do contexto das pesquisas ligadas à temática “Medicina e espiritualidade”. Um voluntario neurologicamente normal participou do experimento, tendo sido registrado um momento de silencio imediatamente seguido pela referida estimulação. As avaliações quantitativas realizadas, em termos da distribuição média da potência das diversas ondas neurológicas e em termos das variações temporais da mesma distribuição, demonstram alterações bioelétricas significativas nas faixas delta, gama e supergama; particularmente nos eletrodos frontais, temporais e occipitais. Tais resultados confirmam relatos anteriores da literatura, e sugerem que este tipo de estimulação ativa mecanismos cognitivos elaborados.
Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling of a Bose Condensate
Creators: name: Stoof, H. T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study, by means of a variational method, the stability of a condensate in a magnetically trapped atomic Bose gas with a negative scattering length and find that the condensate is unstable in general. However, for temperatures sufficiently close to the critical temperature the condensate turns out to be metastable. For that case we determine in the usual WKB approximation the decay rate of the condensate due to macroscopic quantum fluctuations. When appropriate, we also calculate the decay rate due to thermal fluctuations. An important feature of our approach is that (nonsingular) phase fluctuations of the condensate are taken into account exactly.
description: Invited paper for the Journal of Statistical Physics
Universal quantum computing with thermal state bosonic systems
Creators: name: Marshall, Kevin
name: James, Daniel F. V.
name: Paler, Alexandru
name: Lau, Hoi-Kwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent development of mixed-state encoding (MSE) allows pure-state logical information to be encoded by a bosonic (continuous-variable) system in mixed physical state. Despite interest due to its counter-intuitiveness, the utility of the current MSE scheme is limited due to several operational drawbacks, namely redundant information carrier, probabilistic initialisation, and requirement of discrete-variable measurement. In this work, we present a simplified MSE that does not suffer from any of these drawbacks. Specifically, our protocol encodes each qubit by only one mixed-state bosonic mode, and the logical basis can be deterministically initialised from thermal equilibrium. All logical operations of this encoding can be performed with continuous-variable interaction and measurement only. Without the necessity of ground state cooling, our proposal could broaden the set of candidate systems for implementing quantum computers, and reduce the reliance on demanding refrigerating facility for current quantum computing architectures. Additionally, our protocol can enhance the noise tolerance of logical qubit even if the system can be efficiently cooled.
description: Updated references, close to published version
title: Ethiopian Journals of Environment and Development, Vol. 2 No. 1 (2019): The Role of Moisture Schemes in Regional Climate Modeling of Precipitation over the Horn of Africa
title: The Role of Moisture Schemes in Regional Climate Modeling of Precipitation over the Horn of Africa
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ethiopian Journals Of Environment And Development
Publisher: name: Ethiopian Journals of Environment and Development
Year: 2021

description: Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the performance of the latest Regional Climate Model version 4 (RegCM4) to simulate the precipitation over the Horn of Africa. Although there are several aspects in which the model can be improved, the focus of this study is to tackle the problem of its moisture scheme. RegCM4 moisture scheme has fourteen moisture scheme parameters, which can be tuned within the allowed physical limits. Each of the fourteen moisture parameters have been varied around the current default setting and over 80 model runs have been performed for a domain defined by 60km resolution, 18 vertical levels covering spatially the whole Africa and the major circulation patterns that derive climate over the region.
Calibration of Super-Kamiokande Using an Electron Linac
Creators: name: Kamiokande Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to calibrate the Super-Kamiokande experiment for solar neutrino measurements, a linear accelerator (LINAC) for electrons was installed at the detector. LINAC data were taken at various positions in the detector volume, tracking the detector response in the variables relevant to solar neutrino analysis. In particular, the absolute energy scale is now known with less than 1 percent uncertainty.
description: 24 pages, 16 figures, Submitted to NIM A
Gauge field theories with Lorentz-violating operators of arbitrary dimension
Creators: name: Kostelecky, Alan
name: Li, Zonghao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classification of Lorentz- and CPT-violating operators in nonabelian gauge field theories is performed. We construct all gauge-invariant terms describing propagation and interaction in the action for fermions and gauge fields. Restrictions to the abelian, Lorentz-invariant, and isotropic limits are presented. We provide two illustrative applications of the results to quantum electrodynamics and quantum chromodynamics. First constraints on nonlinear Lorentz-violating effects in electrodynamics are obtained using data from experiments on photon-photon scattering, and corrections from nonminimal Lorentz and CPT violation to the cross section for deep inelastic scattering are derived.
description: 22 pages two-column REVTeX, version published in Physical Review D
Semileptonic B decays to excited charmed mesons
Creators: name: Leibovich, Adam K.
name: Ligeti, Zoltan
name: Stewart, Iain W.
name: Wise, Mark B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exclusive semileptonic B decays into excited charmed mesons are investigated at order $Λ_{QCD}/m_Q$ in the heavy quark effective theory. Differential decay rates for each helicity state of the four lightest excited $D$ mesons ($D_1$, $D_2^*$, $D_0^*$, and $D_1^*$) are examined. At zero recoil, $Λ_{QCD}/m_Q$ corrections to the matrix elements of the weak currents can be written in terms of the leading Isgur-Wise functions for the corresponding transition and meson mass splittings. A model independent prediction is found for the slope parameter of the decay rate into helicity zero $D_1$ at zero recoil. The differential decay rates are predicted, including $Λ_{QCD}/m_Q$ corrections with some model dependence away from zero recoil and including order $α_s$ corrections. Ratios of various exclusive branching ratios are computed. Matrix elements of the weak currents between $B$ mesons and other excited charmed mesons are discussed at zero recoil to order $Λ_{QCD}/m_Q$. These amplitudes vanish at leading order, and can be written at order $Λ_{QCD}/m_Q$ in terms of local matrix elements. Applications to $B$ decay sum rules and factorization are presented.
description: 39 pages revtex including 10 figures, uses epsf. Substantial improvements throughout the paper
Additional file 4: of A randomized controlled trial of folic acid intervention in pregnancy highlights a putative methylation-regulated control element at ZFP57
Creators: name: Irwin, Rachelle
name: Sara-Jayne Thursby
name: OndiÄOvĂĄ, Miroslava
name: Pentieva, Kristina
name: McNulty, Helene
name: Richmond, Rebecca
name: Caffrey, Aoife
name: Lees-Murdock, Diane
name: McLaughlin, Marian
name: Cassidy, Tony
name: Suderman, Matthew
name: Relton, Caroline
name: Walsh, Colum
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Table S1. Pyrosequencing and transcriptional primer sets used in this study. Pyroassay primers are given as bisulfite converted sequence. The same primers were used for both RT-PCR and RT-qPCR. (DOCX 15 kb)
One-Dimensional Electron Liquid in an Antiferromagnetic Environment: Spin Gap from Magnetic Correlations
Creators: name: Granath, Mats
name: Johannesson, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a one-dimensional electron liquid coupled by a weak spin-exchange interaction to an antiferromagnetic spin-S ladder with n legs. A perturbative renormalization group analysis in the semiclassical limit reveals the opening of a spin gap, driven by the local magnetic correlations on the ladder. The effect, which we argue is present for any gapful ladder or gapless ladder with $nS\gg 1$, is enhanced by the repulsive interaction among the conduction electrons but is insensitive to the sign of the spin exchange interaction with the ladder. Possible implications for the striped phases of the cuprates are discussed.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Additional file 3: of A randomized controlled trial of folic acid intervention in pregnancy highlights a putative methylation-regulated control element at ZFP57
Creators: name: Irwin, Rachelle
name: Sara-Jayne Thursby
name: Ondičová, Miroslava
name: Pentieva, Kristina
name: McNulty, Helene
name: Richmond, Rebecca
name: Caffrey, Aoife
name: Lees-Murdock, Diane
name: McLaughlin, Marian
name: Cassidy, Tony
name: Suderman, Matthew
name: Relton, Caroline
name: Walsh, Colum
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Figure S3. Median methylation levels at imprint control regions. Methylation levels at imprint control regions (ICR) were assessed by matching EPIC array probes to the imprint germline DMR intervals defined by [48] (A) or [49] (B) then taking the average (median) across each. The identities of each ICR and number of probes are indicated below. Boxes show the median and interquartile range for the individual averages from each group (Placebo n = 45, Treated n = 41), whiskers represent the range of values, dots indicate outliers. (PDF 1518 kb)
A class of phylogenetic networks reconstructable from ancestral profiles
Creators: name: Erdos, Peter L.
name: Semple, Charles
name: Steel, Mike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C85, 92D15

description: Rooted phylogenetic networks provide an explicit representation of the evolutionary history of a set $X$ of sampled species. In contrast to phylogenetic trees which show only speciation events, networks can also accommodate reticulate processes (for example, hybrid evolution, endosymbiosis, and lateral gene transfer). A major goal in systematic biology is to infer evolutionary relationships, and while phylogenetic trees can be uniquely determined from various simple combinatorial data on $X$, for networks the reconstruction question is much more subtle. Here we ask when can a network be uniquely reconstructed from its `ancestral profile' (the number of paths from each ancestral vertex to each element in $X$). We show that reconstruction holds (even within the class of all networks) for a class of networks we call `orchard networks', and we provide a polynomial-time algorithm for reconstructing any orchard network from its ancestral profile. Our approach relies on establishing a structural theorem for orchard networks, which also provides for a fast (polynomial-time) algorithm to test if any given network is of orchard type. Since the class of orchard networks includes tree-sibling tree-consistent networks and tree-child networks, our result generalise reconstruction results from 2008 and 2009. Orchard networks allow for an unbounded number $k$ of reticulation vertices, in contrast to tree-sibling tree-consistent networks and tree-child networks for which $k$ is at most $2|X|-4$ and $|X|-1$, respectively.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
MOESM6 of RNA sequencing, selection of reference genes and demonstration of feeding RNAi in Thrips tabaci (Lind.) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
Creators: name: Singh, Satnam
name: Gupta, Mridula
name: Suneet Pandher
name: Kaur, Gurmeet
name: Goel, Neha
name: Rathore, Pankaj
name: Subba Palli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6. RNA quality assessment for transcriptome sequencing and dsRNA feeding schematic layout.
Resistivity of Mixed-Phase Manganites
Creators: name: Mayr, Matthias
name: Moreo, Adriana
name: Verges, Jose A.
name: Arispe, Jeanette
name: Feiguin, Adrian
name: Dagotto, Elbio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The resistivity $ρ_{dc}$ of manganites is studied using a random-resistor-network, based on phase-separation between metallic and insulating domains. When percolation occurs, both as chemical composition and temperature vary, results in good agreement with experiments are obtained. Similar conclusions are reached using quantum calculations and microscopic considerations. Above the Curie temperature, it is argued that ferromagnetic clusters should exist in Mn-oxides. Small magnetic fields induce large $ρ_{dc}$ changes and a bad-metal state with (disconnected) insulating domains.
description: 4 pages, 4 eps figures
Gapless Coulomb state emerging from a self-dual topological tensor-network state
Creators: name: Zhu, Guo-Yi
name: Zhang, Guang-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the tensor network representation, a deformed $Z_{2}$ topological ground state wave function is proposed and its norm can be exactly mapped to the two-dimensional solvable Ashkin-Teller (AT) model. Then the topological (toric code) phase with anyonic excitations corresponds to the partial order phase of the AT model, and possible topological phase transitions are precisely determined. With the electric-magnetic self-duality, a novel gapless Coulomb state with quasi-long-range order is obtained via a quantum Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition. The corresponding ground state is a condensate of pairs of logarithmically confined electric charges and magnetic fluxes, and the scaling behavior of various anyon correlations can be exactly derived, revealing the effective interaction between anyons and their condensation. Deformations away from the self-duality drive the Coulomb state into either the gapped Higgs phase or confining phase.
description: 4.5 pages 4 figures, and 5 appendices, the published version
Disordered Electrons in a Strong Magnetic Field: Transfer Matrix Approaches to the Statistics of the Local Density of States
Creators: name: Dohmen, Axel
name: Freche, Peter
name: Janssen, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two novel approaches to establish the local density of states as an order parameter field for the Anderson transition problem. We first demonstrate for 2D quantum Hall systems the validity of conformal scaling relations which are characteristic of order parameter fields. Second we show the equivalence between the critical statistics of eigenvectors of the Hamiltonian and of the transfer matrix, respectively. Based on this equivalence we obtain the order parameter exponent $α_0\approx 3.4$ for 3D quantum Hall systems.
description: 4 pages, 3 Postscript figures, corrected scale in Fig.1
Current dependence of grain boundary magnetoresistance in La_0.67Ca_0.33MnO_3 films
Creators: name: Westerburg, W.
name: Martin, F.
name: Friedrich, S.
name: Maier, M.
name: Jakob, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prepared epitaxial ferromagnetic manganite films on bicrystal substrates by pulsed laser ablation. Their low- and high-field magnetoresistance (MR) was measured as a function of magnetic field, temperature and current. At low temperatures hysteretic changes in resistivity up to 70% due to switching of magnetic domains at the coercitive field are observed. The strongly non-ohmic behavior of the current-voltage leads to a complete suppression of the MR effect at high bias currents with the identical current dependence at low and high magnetic fields. We discuss the data in view of tunneling and mesoscale magnetic transport models and propose an explicit dependence of the spin polarization on the applied current in the grain boundary region.
description: 5 pages, to appear in J. Appl. Phys
The discreteness-driven relaxation of collisionless gravitating systems: entropy evolution in external potentials, N-dependence and the role of chaos
Creators: name: Silva, Leandro Beraldo e
name: Pedra, Walter de Siqueira
name: Valluri, Monica
name: Sodré, Laerte
name: Bru, Jean-Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the old problem of the fast relaxation of collisionless $N$-body systems which are collapsing or perturbed, emphasizing the importance of (non-collisional) discreteness effects. We integrate orbit ensembles in fixed external potentials, estimating the entropy of the ensemble to analyze the time evolution of the distribution function. We show that these estimates capture the correct physical behavior expected from the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics, without any spurious entropy production. For self-consistent (i.e. stationary) samples, the entropy is conserved, while for non-self-consistent samples, it increases within a few dynamical times up to a maximum where it stabilizes (even in integrable potentials). Our results shed light on the main ingredients for this fast collisionless relaxation. The fundamental ingredient is the discreteness (finite $N$) of gravitational systems in any potential. Additionally, in non-integrable potentials, the presence of chaotic orbits accelerates the entropy production. Contrary to the traditional violent relaxation scenario, our results indicate that a time-dependent potential is not necessary for this fast relaxation. For the first time, in connection with the Nyquist-Shannon theorem we determine the $N$-dependence of this discreteness-driven relaxation, deriving a typical relaxation time $T/τ_{cr}\approx 0.1 N^{1/6}$, with slightly weaker $N$-dependencies for non-integrable potentials with substantial fractions of chaotic orbits. This timescale is much smaller than the collisional timescale even for small-$N$ systems such as open clusters and represents an upper limit for real collisionless $N$-body systems. Additionally, our results reinforce the conclusion draw in Beraldo e Silva et al. (2017) that the Vlasov equation does not provide an adequate kinetic description of the fast relaxation of collapsing collisionless $N$-body systems.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Dataset of Ultra-high spatio-temporal resolution imaging with parallel acquisition-readout structure illumination microscopy
Creators: name: Xu, Xinzhu
name: Wang, Wenyi
name: Xi, Peng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400304
subject: Biomedical imaging
classificationCode: 400305
subject: Biomedical instrumentation

description: Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) has emerged as a promising super-resolution fluorescence imaging technique, offering diverse configurations and computational strategies to mitigate phototoxicity during real-time imaging of biological specimens. Traditionally, efforts to enhance system frame rates have concentrated on processing algorithms, like rolling reconstruction, or on investments in costly sCMOS cameras with accelerated row readout rates. In this article, we introduce an approach to elevate SIM frame rates and region of interest (ROI) coverage at the hardware level, without necessitating an upsurge in camera expenses or intricate algorithms. Here, parallel acquisition-readout SIM (PAR-SIM) achieves the highest imaging speed for fluorescence imaging at currently available detector sensitivity. By using the full frame-width of the detector through synchronizing the pattern generation and image exposure-readout process, we have achieved a fundamentally stupendous information spatial-temporal flux of 132.9 MPixels/s, larger than 9.6-fold of the latest techniques, with the lowest SNR of -2.11 dB and 100 nm resolution. PAR-SIM demonstrates its proficiency in successfully reconstructing diverse cellular organelles in dual excitations, even under conditions of low signal due to ultra-short exposure times. Notably, mitochondrial dynamic tubulation and ongoing membrane fusion processes have been captured in live COS-7 cell, recorded with PAR-SIM at an impressive 408 Hz. We posit that the introduction of this novel parallel exposure-readout mode not only augments SIM pattern modulation for superior frame rates but also holds the potential to benefit other intricate systems requiring such a strategic and logical control approach.
Collider Searches for Long-Lived Particles Beyond the Standard Model
Creators: name: Lee, Lawrence
name: Ohm, Christian
name: Soffer, Abner
name: Yu, Tien-Tien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental tests of the Standard Model of particle physics (SM) find excellent agreement with its predictions. Since the original formation of the SM, experiments have provided little guidance regarding the explanations of phenomena outside the SM, such as the baryon asymmetry and dark matter. Nor have we understood the aesthetic and theoretical problems of the SM, despite years of searching for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM) at particle colliders. Some BSM particles can be produced at colliders yet evade being discovered, if the reconstruction and analysis procedures not matched to characteristics of the particle. An example is particles with large lifetimes. As interest in searches for such long-lived particles (LLPs) grows rapidly, a review of the topic is presented in this article. The broad range of theoretical motivations for LLPs and the experimental strategies and methods employed to search for them are described. Results from decades of LLP searches are reviewed, as are opportunities for the next generation of searches at both existing and future experiments.
description: 79 pages, 36 figures, submitted to Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics
Approximate exchange-only entangling gates for the three-spin-$1/2$ decoherence-free subsystem
Creators: name: van Meter, James. R.
name: Knill, Emanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The three-spin-$1/2$ decoherence-free subsystem defines a logical qubit protected from collective noise and supports exchange-only universal gates. Such logical qubits are well-suited for implementation with electrically-defined quantum dots. Exact exchange-only entangling logical gates exist but are challenging to construct and understand. We use a decoupling strategy to obtain straightforward approximate entangling gates. A benefit of the strategy is that if the physical spins are aligned, then it can implement evolution under entangling Hamiltonians. Hamiltonians expressible as linear combinations of logical Pauli products not involving $σ_y$ can be implemented directly. Self-inverse gates that are constructible from these Hamiltonians, such as the CNOT, can be implemented without the assumption on the physical spins. We compare the control complexity of implementing CNOT to previous methods and find that the complexity for fault-tolerant fidelities is competitive.
description: Edited for consistency with the PRA version, mostly for clarity. Results unchanged