cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Timestep control for weakly instationary flows
Creators: name: Noelle, Sebastian
name: Steiner, Christina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We report on recent work on adaptive timestep control for weakly instationary gas flows [16, 18, 17] carried out within SFB 401, TPA3. The method which we implement and extend is a space-time splitting of adjoint error representations for target functionals due to Süli [19] and Hartmann [10]. In this paper, we first review the method for scalar, 1D, conservation laws. We design a test problem for weakly instationary solutions and show numerical experiments which clearly show the possible benefits of the method. Then we extend the approach to the 2D Euler equations of gas dynamics. New ingredients are (i) a conservative formulation of the adjoint problem which makes its solution robust and efficient, (ii) the derivation of boundary conditions for this new formulation of the adjoint problem and (iii) the coupling of the adaptive time-stepping with the multiscale spatial adaptation due to M üller [12, 3], also developed within SFB 401. The combined space-time adaptive method provides an efficient choice of timesteps for implicit computations of weakly instationary flows. The timestep will be very large in regions of stationary flow, and becomes small when a perturbation enters the flow field. The efficiency of the Euler solver is investigated by means of an unsteady inviscid 2D flow over a bump.
ผลลัพธ์ค่าสายตาหลังการผ่าตัดต้อกระจกในผู้ป่วยเอดส์
Creators: name: กฤษฎา หาญบรรเจิด
Publisher: name: กองนวัตกรรมและวิจัย กรมควบคุมโรค
Year: 2551
Subjects: การผ่าตัดต้อกระจก
ผู้ป่วยโรคเอดส์
จอประสาทตาอักเสบจาก Cytomegalovirus

description: วารสารควบคุมโรค, 34, 4, 441-447
title: The Effect of Oral Antibiotics on the Development of Community Acquired Clostridium Difficile Colitis in Medicare Beneficiaries
Creators: name: Psoinos, Charles M.
name: Collins, Courtney E.
name: Ayturk, M. Didem
name: Flahive, Julie
name: Anderson Jr., Frederick A.
name: Santry, Heena
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is increasingly prevalent among community dwelling Americans. Older Americans are particularly vulnerable to community-acquired Clostridium difficile (CACD), in part to increasing use of antibiotics. We studied the association between outpatient antibiotics and CACD among Medicare beneficiaries.

Case-control study utilizing a 5% sample of Medicare beneficiaries (2009-2011). Patients with CACD severe enough to warrant hospitalization were identified by a primary diagnosis code for CDI and no exposure to a healthcare environment within 90-days of admission. 1,514 CACD cases were matched to ten controls each on birth year and sex. Potential controls with exposure to healthcare environment were excluded. Outpatient oral antibiotic exposure was classified into three groups: ≤30 days, 31-60 days, or 61-90 days prior to case subject’s index admission. Metronidazole and Vancomycin were excluded because they are used to treat CDI. Multivariable models were utilized to determine the independent effect of antibiotics on the development of CACD while controlling for several patient associated characteristics.

Cases of CACD had more outpatient antibiotic exposure in each time period examined: ≤30 days = 40.0% vs 8.4%; 31-60 = 10.7% vs 5.0%; and 61-90 = 5.5% vs 4.4% (all p-values < 0.05). Subjects exposed to antibiotics ≤30 days prior to admission had a markedly higher risk of being admitted with CACD compared with those not exposed (OR 8.09, 95% CI 7.13, 9.19). Similarly, subjects taking antibiotics 31-60 days and 61-90 days prior to admission had increased risk of CDI admission (OR 3.65, 95% CI 3.02, 4.41) and (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.61, 2.63) respectively.

Recent exposure to outpatient oral antibiotics increases the risk of CACD among community dwelling elderly with the risk persisting as long as 90 days after exposure. Inappropriate antibiotic usage must be minimized and older Americans who require outpatient antibiotic treatment may warrant close observation for signs of CDI.
Balancing mass and momentum in the Local Group
Creators: name: Diaz, Jonathan D.
name: Koposov, Sergey E.
name: Irwin, Mike
name: Belokurov, Vasily
name: Evans, Wyn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the rest frame of the Local Group (LG), the total momentum of the Milky Way (MW) and Andromeda (M31) should balance to zero. We use this fact to constrain new solutions for the solar motion with respect to the LG centre-of-mass, the total mass of the LG, and the individual masses of M31 and the MW. Using the set of remote LG galaxies at $>350$ kpc from the MW and M31, we find that the solar motion has amplitude $V_{\odot}=299\pm 15 {\rm ~km~s^{-1}}$ in a direction pointing toward galactic longitude $l_{\odot}=98.4^{\circ}\pm 3.6^{\circ}$ and galactic latitude $b_{\odot}=-5.9^{\circ}\pm 3.0^{\circ}$. The velocities of M31 and the MW in this rest frame give a direct measurement of their mass ratio, for which we find $\log_{10} (M_{\rm M31}/M_{\rm MW})=0.36 \pm 0.29$. We combine these measurements with the virial theorem to estimate the total mass within the LG as $M_{\rm LG}=(2.5\pm 0.4)\times 10^{12}~{\rm M}_{\odot}$. Our value for $M_{\rm LG}$ is consistent with the sum of literature values for $M_{\rm MW}$ and $M_{\rm M31}$. This suggests that the mass of the LG is almost entirely located within the two largest galaxies rather than being dispersed on larger scales or in a background medium. The outskirts of the LG are seemingly rather empty. Combining our measurement for $M_{\rm LG}$ and the mass ratio, we estimate the individual masses of the MW and M31 to be $M_{\rm MW}=(0.8\pm 0.5)\times 10^{12}~{\rm M}_{\odot}$ and $M_{\rm M31}=(1.7\pm 0.3)\times 10^{12}~{\rm M}_{\odot}$, respectively. Our analysis favours M31 being more massive than the MW by a factor of $\sim$2.3, and the uncertainties allow only a small probability (9.8%) that the MW is more massive. This is consistent with other properties such as the maximum rotational velocities, total stellar content, and numbers of globular clusters and dwarf satellites, which all suggest that $M_{\rm M31}/M_{\rm MW}>1$.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Community-based Participatory Research to Promote Healthy Diet and Nutrition and Prevent and Control Obesity among African Americans: A Literature Review
Creators: name: Coughlin, Steven
name: Smith, Selina
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: The literature on community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches for promoting healthy diet, nutrition, and preventing and controlling obesity in African American communities was systematically reviewed.

CBPR studies of diet, nutrition, and weight management among African Americans were identified from 1989 through October 31, 2015 using PubMed and CINAHL databases and MeSH term and keyword searches.

A total of 16 CBPR studies on healthy diet, nutrition, and weight management among African Americans were identified; outcome evaluation results were available for all but two. Of the remaining 14 studies, 11 focused on adults, 1 on children, and 2 on both children and adults. Eight studies employed CBPR methods to address diet, nutrition, and weight management in church settings. Four had a cluster randomized controlled design. Others had a pre-post test, quasi-experimental, or uncontrolled design. Only one study addressed four levels of the socioecological model; none addressed all five levels of the model. The identified studies indicate that CBPR approaches can be effective for promoting healthy diet, nutrition, and weight management among African American adults but there is a need for additional studies with rigorous study designs that overcome methodologic limitations of many existing studies. There is only limited evidence for the effectiveness of CBPR approaches for promoting healthy eating and weight control among African American children and adolescents

To address health disparities, additional CBPR studies are needed to promote healthy diet, nutrition, and weight management in African American communities. Of particular interest are multilevel CBPR studies that include interventions aimed at multiple levels of the socioecological model.
การศึกษากิจกรรมสำหรับผู้ติดเชื้อและผู้ป่วยเอดส์เพื่อการกินยาอย่างต่อเนื่อง และสม่ำเสมอ
Creators: name: สุวนีย์ ใหม่สุวรรณ
Publisher: name: กองนวัตกรรมและวิจัย กรมควบคุมโรค
Year: 2551
Subjects: ผู้ป่วยเอดส์
การกินยาอย่างต่อเนื่อง
ยาต้านไวรัส

description: วารสารควบคุมโรค, 34, 4, 448-460
อุบัติการณ์และปัจจัยเสี่ยงของภาวะไขมันในเลือดผิดปกติในเด็กติดเชื้อเอชไอวี ที่ได้รับยาต้านไวรัส
Creators: name: รุจนี สุนทรขจิต
Publisher: name: กองนวัตกรรมและวิจัย กรมควบคุมโรค
Year: 2551
Subjects: ไขมันผิดปกติ
เด็กติดเชื้อเอชไอวี
ยาต้านไวรัส

description: วารสารควบคุมโรค, 34, 4, 461-470
title: The Therapeutic Effects of per os Artemisinin Delivered as Dried Leaf Artemisia annuavs. Artesunate in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Creators: name: Rassias, Dina
name: Weathers, Pamela
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Artemisinin, the active component of Artemisia annua L. used to treat malaria, also has therapeutic efficacy against many types of cancer. Solubility issues led to development of more soluble semi-synthetic derivatives. Artesunate (ART), in particular, is a more soluble derivative of artemisinin and has profound cytotoxicity toward many types of tumor cells, but healthy cells are less sensitive. Artemisinin delivered per os as dried leaves, referred to as dried leaf artemisinin (DLA), was shown in rodent studies to improve bioavailability by more than 40-fold. ART has been widely studied for its anti-cancer properties, but it has yet to be shown if DLA also improves therapeutic efficacy. As A. annua produces a wide array of phytochemicals with anti-cancer activity other than artemisinin, it is reasonable to expect DLA may provide a more potent therapeutic. Using two non-small cell lung cancer cell lines, PC-9 and H1299, artemisinin delivered as DLA effectively reduced viability with 24h IC50 values of 56.3 and 77.5 µM for PC-9 and H1299, respectively, as determined by MTT assay. For PC-9 cells, this was a 2.5-fold improvement in the 24h IC50 value for ART at 142.9 µM. However, for the H1299 cells, ART at 60.6 µM was better than DLA by about 25%. Ongoing studies are comparing the mechanism of action of DLA and ART on these two cell lines and will analyze markers for apoptosis, proliferation and metastatic migration and invasion. Xenograft models also will be used to compare in vivo efficacy of DLA and ART on tumor reduction. These studies will help us further understand the anti-cancer effects of artemisinin when delivered per os as dried plant leaves.
Serving Plaintiffs and Defendants -- NSPE Case No. 98-4
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2006
Subjects: Conflict of Interest
Engineer/Client Relationships
Ethics and Society
Expert Witness
Research and Practice
Social Responsibility
Workplace Ethics

description: An expert in her field, an engineer is approached by lawyers for manufacturer XYZ to testify on behalf of XYZ. Later, a plaintiff asks her to testify in an unrelated lawsuit against manufacturer XYZ. Does accepting the second job create a conflict of interest for her?
Searching for Debris Disks around Isolated Pulsars
Creators: name: Wang, Zhongxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Different pieces of observational evidence suggest the existence of disks around isolated neutron stars. Such disks could be formed from supernova fallback when neutron stars are born in core-collapse supernova explosions. Efforts have been made to search for disks around different classes of pulsars, which include millisecond pulsars, young neutron star classes (magnetars, central compact objects, and X-ray dim isolated neutron stars), and regular radio pulsars. We review the main results from observations at wavelengths of from optical to sub-millimeter/millimeter.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures, based on an invited talk at the Cosmic Dust VI conference, significant comments from referees incorporated, accepted for publication in Planetary and Space Science
การประเมินมาตรฐานการจัดบริการดูแลรักษาป้องกัน และควบคุมโรคติดต่อทางเพศสัมพันธ์ของสถานบริการสาธารณสุข
Creators: name: เพ็ญศรี สวัสดิ์เจริญยิ่ง
Publisher: name: กองนวัตกรรมและวิจัย กรมควบคุมโรค
Year: 2551
Subjects: การจัดบริการ
โรคติดต่อทางเพศสัมพันธ์
สถานบริการสาธารณสุข

description: วารสารควบคุมโรค, 34, 4, 471-483
title: Immune features that afford protection from clinical disease versus sterilizing immunity to Bordetella pertussis infection in a nonhuman primate model of whooping cough
Creators: name: Reimann, Keith A.
name: Belli, Aaron J.
name: Fulco, Sarah
name: Warfel, Jason M.
name: Wang, Rijian
name: Cavacini, Lisa
name: Papin, James F.
name: Merkel, Steven F.
name: Merkel, Tod J.
name: Klempner, Mark S.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: The respiratory bacterial infection caused by Bordetella pertussis (whooping cough) is the only vaccine-preventable disease whose incidence has been increasing over the last 3 decades. To better understand the resurgence of this infection, a baboon animal model of pertussis infection has been developed. Naïve baboons that recover from experimental pertussis infection are resistant both to clinical disease and to airway colonization when re-challenged. In contrast, animals vaccinated with acellular pertussis vaccine and experimentally challenged do not develop disease, but airways remain colonized for 4-6 weeks. We explored the possibility that the IgG antibody response to pertussis infection is qualitatively different from antibodies induced by acellular pertussis vaccination.

IgG was purified from pertussis-convalescent baboons shown to be resistant to pertussis disease and airway colonization. Purified IgG contained high titers to pertussis toxin, pertactin, and filamentous hemagglutinin. This pertussis-immune IgG or control IgG was passively transferred to naïve, juvenile baboons before experimental airway pertussis inoculation. The control animal that received normal IgG developed a typical symptomatic infection including leukocytosis, cough and airway colonization for 4 weeks. In contrast, baboons that received convalescent IgG maintained normal WBC counts and were asymptomatic. However, despite remaining asymptomatic, their airways were colonized for 4-6 weeks with B. pertussis. All animals developed IgG and IgA anti-pertussis antibody responses. Interestingly, the clearance of B. pertussis from airways coincided with the emergence of a serum anti-pertussis IgA response.

These studies demonstrate that passive administration of pertussis-specific IgG from previously infected animals can prevent clinical disease but does not affect prolonged airway colonization with B. pertussis. This outcome is similar to that observed following acellular pertussis vaccination. Understanding immune mechanisms—other than IgG—that are capable of preventing airway colonization with B. pertussis will be critical for developing more effective vaccines to prevent whooping cough.
Gauge-reversing maps on cones, and Hilbert and Thompson isometries
Creators: name: Walsh, Cormac
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that a cone admits a gauge-reversing map if and only if it is a symmetric cone. We use this to prove that every isometry of a Hilbert geometry is a collineation unless the Hilbert geometry is the projective space of a non-Lorentzian symmetric cone, in which case the collineation group is of index two in the isometry group. We also determine the isometry group of the Thompson geometry on a cone.
description: 36 pages, 3 figures
ปัจจัยที่มีความสัมพันธ์กับพฤติกรรมทางเพศของวัยรุ่นจังหวัดนครนายก
Creators: name: ศรีสุรางค์ ดวงประเสริฐ
Publisher: name: กองนวัตกรรมและวิจัย กรมควบคุมโรค
Year: 2551
Subjects: พฤติกรรมทางเพศ
วัยรุ่น
นครนายก

description: วารสารควบคุมโรค, 34, 4, 484-489
ผลกระทบเชิงสังคมจากการเข้าร่วมเป็นอาสาสมัครในโครงการศึกษาวัคซีนเอดส์ทดลอง ระยะที่ 3: ข้อมูลเบื้องต้น
Creators: name: นคร เปรมศรี
Publisher: name: กองนวัตกรรมและวิจัย กรมควบคุมโรค
Year: 2551
Subjects: ผลกระทบเชิงสังคม
วัคซีนทดลองเอดส์
อาสาสมัคร

description: วารสารควบคุมโรค, 34, 4, 490-496
Coupled-cluster computations of atomic nuclei
Creators: name: Hagen, G.
name: Papenbrock, T.
name: Hjorth-Jensen, M.
name: Dean, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the past decade, coupled-cluster theory has seen a renaissance in nuclear physics, with computations of neutron-rich and medium-mass nuclei. The method is efficient for nuclei with product-state references, and it describes many aspects of weakly bound and unbound nuclei. This report reviews the technical and conceptual developments of this method in nuclear physics, and the results of coupled-cluster calculations for nucleonic matter, and for exotic isotopes of helium, oxygen, calcium, and some of their neighbors.
แหล่งข้อมูลที่อาสาสมัครได้รับและมีผลต่อการตัดสินใจเข้าร่วม โครงการศึกษาวัคซีนเอดส์ทดลอง
Creators: name: เฉวตสรร นามวาท
Publisher: name: กองนวัตกรรมและวิจัย กรมควบคุมโรค
Year: 2551
Subjects: วัคซีนทดลองเอดส์
การตัดสินใจร่วมโครงการ
อาสาสมัคร

description: วารสารควบคุมโรค, 34, 4, 497-504
title: Show Back: Evaluation of Scoresheet for Identifying Self-Management Medication Problems of Older Adults
Creators: name: Sanford, Laura
name: Foust, Janice B.
name: Sarno, Maureen
name: Kapoor, Alok
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Purpose The study purpose was to test the feasibility of a scoresheet to screen for problems older adults may have managing medications after discharge from a hospital or nursing home facility.

Background Adverse drug events (ADE) prevention is an important patient safety priority, with ADEs accounting for an estimated one-third of hospital adverse events and approximately 280,000 hospital admissions annually. Home healthcare nurses work with older adults to avoid ADEs and promote self-management of medications. Few, if any, studies have described older adults’ cognitive and psychomotor abilities to manage their medications after being discharged home.

Methods We enrolled patients if they were aged 65 and older, recently discharged from a hospital, rehabilitation center, or nursing facility, and were prescribed at least one antidiabetic, anticoagulant, or opioid medication. A physician and homecare nurse observed and scored patients’ proficiency managing across five domains: identification, explanation of purpose, organization, administration, and timing. Based on the experiences in the first 20 visits, we created a protocol and a detailed manual for determining proficiency in each domain. Through the subsequent home visits, we determined inter-rater reliability using Cohen’s Kappa (κ).

Results Thirty older adults participated. During the ten visits completed after we developed the protocol and scoring guide, we scored a total of 90 medications with an average of 8 (SD±2.04) medications per patient. The physician and nurse scored the explanation domain most reliably, with an inter-rater reliability Kappa of 0.872 (p < 0.0001), followed by timing (κ=0.707, p < 0.0001), organization (κ=0.624, p < 0.0001), and identification (0.376, p < 0.0001). The physician and nurse scorers were least reliable in scoring the administration domain (κ=0.133, p=0.4454).

Conclusions & Implication: The Show Back scoresheet shows promise to identify domain-specific problems faced by older adults’ managing their medications at home. We plan to hone our protocol and recalculate agreement in subsequent cohort of patients.
A Comprehensive Study of Relativistic Gravity using PSR B1534+12
Creators: name: Fonseca, E.
name: Stairs, I. H.
name: Thorsett, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present updated analyses of pulse profiles and their arrival-times from PSR B1534+12, a 37.9-ms radio pulsar in orbit with another neutron star. A high-precision timing model is derived from twenty-two years of timing data, and accounts for all astrophysical processes that systematically affect pulse arrival-times. Five "post-Keplerian" parameters are measured that represent relativistic corrections to the standard Keplerian quantities of the pulsar's binary orbit. These relativistic parameters are then used to test general relativity by comparing the measurements with their predicted values. We conclude that relativity theory is confirmed to within 0.17% of its predictions. Furthermore, we derive the following astrophysical results from our timing analysis: a distance of $d_{\rm GR} = 1.051 \pm 0.005$ kpc to the pulsar-binary system, by relating the "excess" orbital decay to Galactic parameters; evidence for pulse "jitter" in PSR B1534+12 due to short-term magnetospheric activity; and evolution in pulse-dispersion properties. As a secondary study, we also present several analyses on pulse-structure evolution and its connection to relativistic precession of the pulsar's spin axis. The precession-rate measurement yields a value of $Ω_1^{\rm spin}$ = $0.59^{+0.12}_{-0.08}$ $^{\circ}$/year (68% confidence) that is consistent with expectations, and represents an additional test of relativistic gravity.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ on 6 April 2014. v3: added references, a structure-function analysis/discussion, edited MCMC figure and timing-error analysis, corrected minor errors in calculations for distance and MCMC results, and used most up-to-date planetary ephemeris for timing
title: Collecting Histories of Education and Employment Activities from Young Adults with Serious Mental Health Conditions
Creators: name: Sabella, Kathryn
name: Bui, Peter
name: Golden, Laura
name: Biebel, Kathleen
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Young adulthood is a critical time for establishing the foundation of an adult working life. As adolescents mature and explore career interests, they also begin to focus in on particular career pathways. However, lower levels of employment and educational attainment, as well as the demands of parenting, prevent and delay Youth and Young adults (Y&YAs) with serious mental health conditions (SMHCs) from participating in settings where career development and exploration activities typically occur. Of Y&YA parents who do work, the majority will work part-time, at low-level service jobs, and at low salaries (Osgood, et al., 2005). Y&YA parents with SMHCs are particularly vulnerable as they are more likely than their normative peers to experience unemployment, poverty, and dependence on government assistance (Luciano, et al., 2013). Through a one-time, semi-structured interview, this study seeks to describe the education and employment activities of Y&YAs between the ages of 25-30 with SMHCs, explore barriers and facilitators to these activities, and understand how parenting affects these experiences. Preliminary findings will be presented as they relate to themes of career exploration/development, the barriers and facilitators to education and employment activities this population encounters, including the impact that parenthood can have on these activities in young adulthood. We will also describe the education and employment activities and trajectories that were obtained as part of these interviews.
Knowledge of Damaging Information (adapted from NSPE Case No. 76-4)
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2006
Subjects: Confidentiality
Engineer/Client Relationships
Environmental Justice
Ethics and Society
Public Well-being
Research and Practice
Risk
Safety
Social Responsibility
Sustainability
Workplace Ethics

description: An engineer has a conflict between honoring an agreement with a former employer and reporting a hazard to protect the public interest. This is an open-ended scenario for discussion based on a case from the NSPE Board of Ethical Review.
Bouncing cosmology in modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Creators: name: Bamba, Kazuharu
name: Makarenko, Andrey N.
name: Myagky, Alexandr N.
name: Odintsov, Sergei D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore bounce cosmology in $F(\mathcal{G})$ gravity with the Gauss-Bonnet invariant $\mathcal{G}$. We reconstruct $F(\mathcal{G})$ gravity theory to realize the bouncing behavior in the early universe and examine the stability conditions for its cosmological solutions. It is demonstrated that the bouncing behavior with an exponential as well as a power-law scale factor naturally occurs in modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity. We also derive the $F(\mathcal{G})$ gravity model to produce the ekpyrotic scenario. Furthermore, we construct the bounce with the scale factor composed of a sum of two exponential functions and show that not only the early-time bounce but also the late-time cosmic acceleration can occur in the corresponding modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity. Also, the bounce and late-time solutions in this unified model is explicitly analyzed.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, version accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
title: Contemporary Analysis of Malignancies in Women of Child-Bearing Age: An NSQIP Analysis
Creators: name: Rouanet, Eva
name: Friedrich, Ann-Kristin U.
name: Dinh, Kate
name: Baratta, Kevin P.
name: Whalen, Giles F.
name: Santry, Heena
name: LaFemina, Jennifer
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Background: Recent evidence suggests that cancer incidence among pregnant women is increasing. The pattern of malignancies in pregnant women and how these compare to their nonpregnant counterparts has not been explored. Here we describe the differences in the proportion of resected malignancies in this population. Methods: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database was used to identify women aged 18-49 who underwent an operation for malignancy from 2007-2012. Age-adjusted distribution of specific surgical interventions for malignancy based on ICD-9 codes were compared among pregnant and non-pregnant women using logistic regression analysis. Results: 42,732 subjects with malignancies surgically treated during child-bearing age were identified. 0.33% (n=143) were pregnant. The most common tumors requiring resection were breast (51%), thyroid (17%), and colorectal (9%). The distribution for most cancers was similar between groups. The age-adjusted proportion was significantly increased in breast, major salivary gland and oropharyngeal malignancies (p<0.05). The proportion of resected colorectal cancers was significantly lower in pregnant women (p<0.05; Table 1). Conclusion: This study serves as the first comprehensive and contemporary overview of malignancies resected in women of childbearing age. This study demonstrates that the proportion of resections among pregnant women was significantly greater in breast, major salivary gland and oropharyngeal cancers and lower for colorectal cancers. While these data might represent true differences in cancer incidence, further work is necessary to demonstrate if these are true differences in incidence versus differences in detection and treatment of the pregnant patient.
การประเมินความพร้อมของการควบคุมโรคไข้หวัดนก ในโรงพยาบาลในเขตสาธารณสุขที่ 4 พ.ศ. 2548 - 2549
Creators: name: เสวก นุชจ๋าย
Publisher: name: กองนวัตกรรมและวิจัย กรมควบคุมโรค
Year: 2551
Subjects: โรคไข้หวัดนก
ความพร้อมของโรงพยาบาล
เขตสาธารณสุขที่ 4

description: วารสารควบคุมโรค, 34, 4, 505-512
ความรุนแรงกับ XYY Syndrome ในเชิงพันธุพฤติกรรม
Creators: name: กาญจนา ศรีสวัสดิ์
Publisher: name: กองนวัตกรรมและวิจัย กรมควบคุมโรค
Year: 2551
Subjects: ความรุนแรง
พันธุพฤติกรรม
ยีน
ความผิดปกติแบบ XYY

description: วารสารควบคุมโรค, 34, 4, 513-517
A doubly-localized equilibrium solution of plane Couette flow
Creators: name: Brand, Evan
name: Gibson, John F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76E30, 76E05

description: We present an equilibrium solution of plane Couette flow that is exponentially localized in both the spanwise and streamwise directions. The solution is similar in size and structure to previously computed turbulent spots and localized, chaotically wandering edge states of plane Couette flow. A linear analysis of dominant terms in the Navier-Stokes equations shows how the exponential decay rate and the wall-normal overhang profile of the streamwise tails are governed by the Reynolds number and the dominant spanwise wavenumber. Perturbations of the solution along its leading eigenfunctions cause rapid disruption of the interior roll-streak structure and formation of a turbulent spot, whose growth or decay depends on the Reynolds number and the choice of perturbation.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures. Discussion of symmetries expanded to explain angle-bracket notation and antisymmetries of eigenfunctions. More explicit discussion of the determination of the dominant spanwise wavenumber of the tails
title: Effect of Left Atrial Function Index on Late Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence after Pulmonary Vein Isolation
Creators: name: Sardana, Mayank
name: Asamoah, Owusu
name: Stokken, Glenn
name: Spring, Matthew
name: Shaikh, Amir Y.
name: Ogunsua, Adedotun
name: Hansra, Barinder
name: Mohamud, Deego
name: Gagnier, Michael
name: Aldrugh, Summer
name: Esa, Nada
name: Floyd, Kevin C.
name: Browning, Clifford
name: Ennis, Cynthia
name: Donahue, Kevin
name: Rosenthal, Lawrence S.
name: Aurigemma, Gerard P.
name: McManus, David D.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Background: Although the rates of catheter ablation (CA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) are rapidly increasing, there are few predictors of outcome to help inform appropriate patient selection for this procedure. Traditional echocardiographic measures of atrial structure do not significantly reclassify risk of AF recurrence over and above the clinical risk factors. Left Atrial Function Index (LAFI) is a rhythm-independent measure of atrial function. We hypothesized that baseline LAFI would relate to AF recurrence after CA.

Methods: Pre-procedural echocardiograms from 170 participants, who underwent CA for AF and were enrolled in the UMMC AF Treatment Registry, were analyzed. LAFI was calculated by a previously validated formula. Primary outcome was late or clinically significant AF recurrence 3-12 months after CA. Baseline clinical, laboratory and echocardiographic variables were compared between the recurrence and non-recurrence groups.

Results: Study participants were middle aged (60+/10 years) and had a moderate-to-severe burden of cardiovascular comorbidities. 78 participants (46%) experienced late AF recurrence. Mean LAFI was 0.26+/-0.18. In multivariate analysis, lower LAFI was independently associated with the risk of recurrence (0.23 in recurrence group vs 0.29 in non-recurrence group, p < 0.01). Predictive value of LAFI for AF recurrence was similar to CHADS2 score (c-statistic 0.60 vs 0.58, p 0.76). In subgroup of patients with persistent AF, LAFI predicted AF recurrence more strongly than CHADS2 score (c-statistic: 0.79 vs 0.58, p 0.02).

Conclusions: In our cohort of 170 participants with AF undergoing index CA ablation, we observed that LAFI related to late AF recurrence after CA, independent of the traditional risk factors. Since LAFI can be calculated from almost any traditional echocardiographic recording, our findings suggest that LAFI may help guide therapeutic decision-making regarding application of CA, particularly among challenging patients with symptomatic persistent AF.
Measuring Temporal Photon Bunching in Blackbody Radiation
Creators: name: Tan, Peng Kian
name: Yeo, Guang Hui
name: Poh, Hou Shun
name: Chan, Aik Hui
name: Kurtsiefer, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light from thermal black body radiators such as stars exhibits photon bunching behaviour at sufficiently short timescales. However, with available detector bandwidths, this bunching signal is difficult to be directly used for intensity interferometry with sufficient statistics in astronomy. Here we present an experimental technique to increase the photon bunching signal in blackbody radiation via spectral filtering of the light source. Our measurements reveal strong temporal photon bunching in light from blackbody radiation, including the Sun. Such filtering techniques may revive the interest in intensity interferometry as a tool in astronomy.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures (minor bugfixes, reference updates)
title: Identification of fully human monoclonal antibodies against the adhesin domain of colonizing factor antigen I of Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Sedic, Maja
name: Wisheart, Danielle
name: Ejemel, Monir
name: Stoppato, Matteo
name: Giuntini, Serena
name: Barry, Eileen
name: Thomas, William D.
name: Klempner, Mark S.
name: Wang, Yan
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) causes significant diarrheal illness in infants in the developing world and travelers to endemic countries including military personnel. Infection of the host involves bacterial colonization of the small intestinal epithelium and toxin secretion leading to watery diarrhea. CFA/I is the most common colonizing factor antigens expressed on the surface of ETEC isolates. The CFA/I adhesin, CfaE, appears to be required for ETEC binding to human intestinal cells for colonization. Human antibodies against the binding domain of CfaE have potential to block colonization of ETEC and serve as a potent immunoprophylactic therapeutic for ETEC-related diarrhea.

In the current study, we generated a panel of fully human monoclonal antibodies (HuMabs) against the adhesin domain of CfaE using mice transgenic for human immunoglobulin genes and identified lead antibodies utilizing a series of in vitro assays. Mice were immunized with the N-terminal binding domain of CfaE fused to maltose binding protein. Over thirty unique IgG1 HuMabs were identified with binding activity to recombinant CfaE. These antibodies were tested for inhibition of hemagglutination of type A human erythrocytes by ETEC. Two lead HuMabs, 837-6 and 840-53, inhibited hemagglutination at low concentrations (< 1 nM). Both antibodies also blocked the binding of ETEC with intestinal epithelial cells. Biacore analysis revealed an affinity of less than 2 nM with distinct epitopes of CfaE. Our analysis suggests that CfaE specific HuMabs 837-6 and 840-53, as the first isolated fully human monoclonal antibodies against CfaE adhesion domain, could potentially be used in combination with heat labile toxin neutralizing antibodies to prevent traveler’s diarrhea.
Transcriptome mining expands knowledge of RNA viruses across the plant kingdom
Creators: name: Mifsud, Jonathon C. O.
name: V. Gallagher, Rachael
name: Holmes, Edward C.
name: L. Geoghegan, Jemma
Publisher: name: Institute of Environmental Science and Research
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other biological sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Our current understanding of plant viruses stems largely from those affecting economically important plants. Yet plant species in cultivation represent a small and biased subset of the plant kingdom. Here, we describe virus diversity and abundance in 1,079 transcriptomes from species across the breadth of the plant kingdom (Archaeplastida) by analyzing open-source data from the 1000 Plant Transcriptomes Initiative (1KP). We identified 104 potentially novel viruses, of which 40% were single-stranded positive-sense RNA viruses across eight orders, including members of the Hepelivirales, Tymovirales, Cryppavirales, Martellivirales, and Picornavirales. One-third of the newly described viruses were double-stranded RNA viruses from the orders Durnavirales and Ghabrivirales. The remaining were negative-sense RNA viruses from the Rhabdoviridae, Aspiviridae, Yueviridae, and Phenuiviridae and the newly proposed Viridisbunyaviridae. Our analysis considerably expands the known host range of 13 virus families to include lower plants (e.g., Benyviridae and Secoviridae) and 4 virus families to include alga hosts (e.g., Tymoviridae and Chrysoviridae). More broadly, however, a cophylogeny analysis revealed that the evolutionary history of these families is largely driven by cross-species transmission events. The discovery of the first 30-kDa movement protein in a nonvascular plant suggests that the acquisition of plant virus movement proteins occurred prior to the emergence of the plant vascular system. Together, these data highlight that numerous RNA virus families are associated with older evolutionary plant lineages than previously thought and that the apparent scarcity of RNA viruses found in lower plants likely reflects a lack of investigation rather than their absence.
Secular Evolution of Pulsar Triple System J0337+1715
Creators: name: Luan, Jing
name: Goldreich, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pulsar triple system, J0337+1715, is remarkably regular and highly hierarchical. Secular dynamics controls its long term evolution with orbital commensurability having negligible effect. Secular interactions transfer angular momentum between inner and outer orbits unless their apsidal lines are parallel or anti-parallel. These choices correspond, respectively, to orthogonal eigenmodes p and a. Each is characterized by an eccentricity ratio set by the masses and semi-major axes, i.e., $e_{p, 1}/e_{p, 2}\sim a_1/a_2$ while $e_{a, 1}/e_{a, 2}\sim (a_1/a_2)^{-3/2}(m_2/m_1)$. Mode p dominates the system's current state so $e_1/e_2$ always remains close to $e_{p, 1}/e_{p, 2}$. A small contribution by Mode a causes $e_1$ and $e_2$ to oscillate with period $\sim 10^3\,\yr$. Orbital changes should be apparent in a few years. These will reveal the forcing of the apsidal precession of the inner orbit by general relativity (GR), and possibly also the smaller contribution due to the tidal and rotational distortion of the inner white dwarf (WD). Phinney (1992) proposes that the epicyclic energy of a WD-pulsar binary reaches equipartition with the kinetic energy of a single convective eddy when the WD's progenitor fills its Roche lobe. We extend Phinney's theory to apply to modes rather than individual orbits. Thus we predict that Mode p and Mode a achieved equipartition with eddies in the giant envelopes of the progenitors of the outer and inner WD, respectively. The most effective eddies are those with lifetimes closest to the orbit period. These were more energetic in the progenitor of the outer WD. This explains why Mode p overwhelms Mode a, and also why the inner binary's orbit is far more eccentric than other WD-pulsar binaries with similar orbit periods. Mode a's small but finite amplitude places a lower bound of $Q\sim 10^6$ on the tidal quality parameter of the inner WD.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; accepted to ApJ
title: Конструктивные особенности защитного устройства на gaas для частот 9,5–10,5 ггц.
Creators: name: Семёнова, А.
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: В статье рассматриваются проблемы конструирования и технологии изготовления защитных устройств на базе СВЧ МИС, выполненных на GaAs. В процессе работы обоснован выбор элементной базы в виде PIN-диодов и реализована технология их изготовления с помощью газофазной эпитаксии. Основная часть работы
посвящена разработке технологии создания низкоомных и малоиндуктивных шин металлизации на базе сквозных металлизированных отверстий, соединяющих элементы на лицевой стороне ИС с металлизацией обратной стороны. Особое внимание уделено проектированию оптимальных геометрических размеров проводящих линий МИС ЗУ на базе требований по волновому сопротивлению и фазовому набегу. Полученные электрические параметры СВЧ МИС удовлетворяют функциональному назначению ЗУ для частот 10 ГГц.
Lattice Formulation for 2d N=(2,2), (4,4) Super Yang-Mills Theories without Admissibility Conditions
Creators: name: Matsuura, So
name: Sugino, Fumihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a lattice formulation for two-dimensional N=(2,2) and (4,4) supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories that resolves vacuum degeneracy for gauge fields without imposing admissibility conditions. Cases of U(N) and SU(N) gauge groups are considered, gauge fields are expressed by unitary link variables, and one or two supercharges are preserved on the two-dimensional square lattice. There does not appear fermion doubler, and no fine-tuning is required to obtain the desired continuum theories in a perturbative argument. This formulation is expected to serve as a more convenient basis for numerical simulations. The same approach will also be useful to other two-dimensional supersymmetric lattice gauge theories with unitary link variables constructed so far -- for example, N=(8,8) supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory and N=(2,2) supersymmetric QCD.
description: 19 pages, no figure, (v2) reference added, minor corrections, version to be published in JHEP
Competition from Former Employees (adapted from NSPE Case No. 77-11)
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2006
Subjects: Employer/Employee Relationships
Workplace Ethics

description: A group of engineers leave their employer to start their own firm. As the new firm contacts clients from its former employer, each firm casts doubt on the capability of the other firm to provide competent services. This is an open-ended scenario for discussion based on a case from the NSPE Board of Ethical Review.
Self-Calibration of BICEP1 Three-Year Data and Constraints on Astrophysical Polarization Rotation
Creators: name: Kaufman, J. P.
name: Miller, N. J.
name: Shimon, M.
name: Barkats, D.
name: Bischoff, C.
name: Buder, I.
name: Keating, B. G.
name: Kovac, J. M.
name: Ade, P. A. R.
name: Aikin, R.
name: Battle, J. O.
name: Bierman, E. M.
name: Bock, J. J.
name: Chiang, H. C.
name: Dowell, C. D.
name: Duband, L.
name: Filippini, J.
name: Hivon, E. F.
name: Holzapfel, W. L.
name: Hristov, V. V.
name: Jones, W. C.
name: Kernasovskiy, S. S.
name: Kuo, C. L.
name: Leitch, E. M.
name: Mason, P. V.
name: Matsumura, T.
name: Nguyen, H. T.
name: Ponthieu, N.
name: Pryke, C.
name: Richter, S.
name: Rocha, G.
name: Sheehy, C.
name: Su, M.
name: Takahashi, Y. D.
name: Tolan, J. E.
name: Yoon, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarimeters aspire to measure the faint $B$-mode signature predicted to arise from inflationary gravitational waves. They also have the potential to constrain cosmic birefringence which would produce non-zero expectation values for the CMB's $TB$ and $EB$ spectra. However, instrumental systematic effects can also cause these $TB$ and $EB$ correlations to be non-zero. In particular, an overall miscalibration of the polarization orientation of the detectors produces $TB$ and $EB$ spectra which are degenerate with isotropic cosmological birefringence, while also introducing a small but predictable bias on the $BB$ spectrum. The \bicep three-year spectra, which use our standard calibration of detector polarization angles from a dielectric sheet, are consistent with a polarization rotation of $α= -2.77^\circ \pm 0.86^\circ \text{(statistical)} \pm 1.3^\circ \text{(systematic)}$. We revise the estimate of systematic error on the polarization rotation angle from the two-year analysis by comparing multiple calibration methods. We investigate the polarization rotation for the \bicep 100 GHz and 150 GHz bands separately to investigate theoretical models that produce frequency-dependent cosmic birefringence. We find no evidence in the data supporting either these models or Faraday rotation of the CMB polarization by the Milky Way galaxy's magnetic field. If we assume that there is no cosmic birefringence, we can use the $TB$ and $EB$ spectra to calibrate detector polarization orientations, thus reducing bias of the cosmological $B$-mode spectrum from leaked $E$-modes due to possible polarization orientation miscalibration. After applying this "self-calibration" process, we find that the upper limit on the tensor-to-scalar ratio decreases slightly, from $r<0.70$ to $r<0.65$ at $95\%$ confidence.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
title: 5-Hyroxymethylcytosine Immunohistochemical Staining Correlates with Overall Survival in Patients with Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia
Creators: name: Selove, William
name: Dresser, Karen A.
name: Chen, Benjamin
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Introduction Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is a myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm that has been associated with a number of genetic mutations, most commonly TET2 mutations in up to 50-60% of cases. Mutations in epigenetic genes such as TET2 are known to disrupt the conversion of 5-methycytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), contributing to oncogenesis. We hypothesized that CMML cases would exhibit decreased 5hmC expression, reflecting the propensity for TET2 mutations in CMML. We also sought to determine whether 5hmC IHC status reflected disease severity in terms of progression to AML and overall patient survival.

Methods Thirty-five cases of CMML from between 1/2006 and 12/2014 were identified from the pathology archives at UMass, under an IRB-approved protocol. IHC was performed on FFPE bone marrow biopsy specimens with an anti-5hmC antibody. Staining was scored based on intensity of nuclear staining: 0 (neg) to 3+ (strong); and proportion of cells staining: 0 ( < 1%), 1 (1-25%), 2 (26-50%), 3 (51-75%), 4 ( > 76%). A combined product score was calculated yielding scores of 0-12. Correlation to clinical parameters (age, blast count, progression to AML, and overall patient survival) was investigated.

Results 60% (21/35) of CMML cases showed low expression of 5hmc (combined score < =4). This loss of 5hmC expression correlated significantly with poorer overall survival in Kaplan-Meier curves (p=0.0287). There was no significant correlation between 5hmC score and patient age, blast count, or AML progression.

Conclusion IHC detection of 5hmC in CMML is significantly correlated with patient overall survival and could potentially be utilized as a prognostic biomarker. Loss of 5hmC expression likely reflects mutations to epigenetic pathways and could be useful in guiding treatment with hypomethylating agents.