cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Greater excitability and firing irregularity of tufted cells underlies distinct afferent-evoked activity of olfactory bulb mitral and tufted cells.
Creators: name: Burton, Shawn D.
name: Urban, Nathan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Mitral and tufted cells, the two classes of principal neurons in the mammalian main olfactory bulb, exhibit morphological differences but remain widely viewed as functionally equivalent. Results from several recent studies, however, suggest that these two cell classes may encode complementary olfactory information in their distinct patterns of afferent-evoked activity. To understand how these differences in activity arise, we have performed the first systematic comparison of synaptic and intrinsic properties between mitral and tufted cells. Consistent with previous studies, we found that tufted cells fire with higher probability and rates and shorter latencies than mitral cells in response to physiological afferent stimulation. This stronger response of tufted cells could be partially attributed to synaptic differences, as tufted cells received stronger afferent-evoked excitation than mitral cells. However, differences in intrinsic excitability also contributed to the differences between mitral and tufted cell activity. Compared to mitral cells, tufted cells exhibited twofold greater excitability and peak instantaneous firing rates. These differences in excitability probably arise from differential expression of voltage-gated potassium currents, as tufted cells exhibited faster action potential repolarization and afterhyperpolarizations than mitral cells. Surprisingly, mitral and tufted cells also showed firing mode differences. While both cell classes exhibited regular firing and irregular stuttering of action potential clusters, tufted cells demonstrated a greater propensity to stutter than mitral cells. Collectively, stronger afferent-evoked excitation, greater intrinsic excitability and more irregular firing in tufted cells can combine to drive distinct responses of mitral and tufted cells to afferent-evoked input.
Hypervelocity Stars: Predicting the Spectrum of Ejection Velocities
Creators: name: Bromley, Benjamin C.
name: Kenyon, Scott J.
name: Geller, Margaret J.
name: Barcikowski, Elliott
name: Brown, Warren R.
name: Kurtz, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The disruption of binary stars by the tidal field of the black hole in the Galactic Center can produce the hypervelocity stars observed in the halo. We use numerical models to simulate the full spectrum of observable velocities of stars ejected into the halo by this binary disruption process. Our model includes a range of parameters for binaries with 3-4 M_Solar primaries, consideration of radial orbits of the ejected stars through an approximate mass distribution for the Galaxy, and the impact of stellar lifetimes. We calculate the spectrum of ejection velocities and reproduce previous results for the mean ejection velocity at the Galactic center. The model predicts that the full population of ejected stars includes both the hypervelocity stars with velocities large enough to escape from the Galaxy and a comparable number of ejected, but bound, stars of the same stellar type. The predicted median speeds of the population of ejected stars as a function of distance in the halo are consistent with current observations. Combining the model with the data also shows that interesting constraints on the properties of binaries in the Galactic Center and on the mass distribution in the Galaxy can be obtained even with modest samples of ejected stars.
description: 26 pages, including 6 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
A simple formula for the Picard number of K3 surfaces of BHK type
Creators: name: Lyons, Christopher
name: Olcken, Bora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J28, 14C22, 14J33

description: The BHK mirror symmetry construction stems from work Berglund and Huebsch, and applies to certain types of Calabi-Yau varieties that are birational to finite quotients of Fermat varieties. Their definition involves a matrix $A$ and a certain finite abelian group $G$, and we denote the corresponding Calabi-Yau variety by $Z_{A,G}$. The transpose matrix $A^T$ and the so-called dual group $G^T$ give rise to the BHK mirror variety $Z_{A^T,G^T}$. In the case of dimension 2, the surface $Z_{A,G}$ is a K3 surface of BHK type. Let $Z_{A,G}$ be a K3 surface of BHK type, with BHK mirror $Z_{A^T,G^T}$. Using work of Shioda, Kelly shows that the geometric Picard number of $Z_{A,G}$ may be expressed in terms of a certain subset of the dual group $G^T$. We simplify this formula significantly to show that this Picard number depends only upon the degree of the mirror polynomial $F_{A^T}$.
description: 17 pages
Silene chalcedonica E. H. L. Krause 1901
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Caryophyllaceae
Silene
Silene chalcedonica

description: Lychnis chalcedonica Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 436. 1753.
"Habitat in Tataria." RCN: 3388.
 Lectotype (Jonsell & Jarvis in Jarvis & al., Regnum Veg. 127: 63. 1993): Herb. Clifford: 174, Lychnis 1 α (BM-000628549).
 Generitype of Lychnis Linnaeus, nom. rej. (vide Green, Prop. Brit. Bot.: 156. 1929).
 Current name: Silene chalcedonica (L.) E.H.L. Krause (Caryophyllaceae).
 Note: Lychnis Linnaeus, nom. rej. in favour of Silene Linnaeus, nom. cons. Jonsell & Jarvis (in Nordic J. Bot. 14: 158. 1994) gave an explanation for their earlier (1993) formal type choice.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on pages 644-645, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Grating imager systems for fluorescence optical-sectioning microscopy.
Creators: name: Lanni, Frederick
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In fluorescence microscopy, optical sectioning is defined as the attenuation or removal of out-of-focus features from an image, and it is a prerequisite for quantitative analysis of three-dimensional structure or function within the specimen. Optical sectioning is most commonly performed by confocal scanning fluorescence microscopy or two-photon scanning fluorescence microscopy. However, structured illumination can be used in conventional fluorescence microscopes to obtain optical sectioning performance, and, in advanced systems, 3D superresolution. The simplest structured-illumination system uses a Ronchi grating as a mask to project parallel stripes within the sharp depth-of-focus of the objective to encode in-focus specimen features differently from out-of-focus features. By shifting the grating, the in-focus image component can be discriminated and separated by elementary image processing operations. This implementation of structured illumination, the fluorescence grating imager, uses a conventional light source, is compatible with all high-quality fluorescence filter sets, and provides high optical-sectioning performance when used to image specimens in which (1) the out-of-focus image component is not much brighter than the in-focus features and (2) there is no significant movement in the specimen during the grating shift and image capture process.
Electroweak Precision Constraints on the Littlest Higgs Model with T Parity
Creators: name: Hubisz, Jay
name: Meade, Patrick
name: Noble, Andrew
name: Perelstein, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the leading corrections to the properties of W and Z bosons induced at the one-loop level in the SU(5)/SO(5) Littlest Higgs model with T parity, and perform a global fit to precision electroweak data to determine the constraints on the model parameters. We find that a large part of the model parameter space is consistent with data. Values of the symmetry breaking scale as low as 500 GeV are allowed, indicating that no significant fine tuning in the Higgs potential is required. We identify a region within the allowed parameter space in which the lightest T-odd particle, the partner of the hypercharge gauge boson, has the correct relic abundance to play the role of dark matter. In addition, we find that a consistent fit to data can be obtained for large values of the Higgs mass, up to 800 GeV, due to the possibility of a partial cancellation between the contributions to the T parameter from Higgs loops and new physics.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures. Minor corrections
Sox2 acts in thalamic neurons to control the development of retina-thalamus-cortex connectivity.
Creators: name: Mercurio, Sara
name: Serra, Linda
name: Motta, Alessia
name: Gesuita, Lorenzo
name: Sanchez-Arrones, Luisa
name: Inverardi, Francesca
name: Foglio, Benedetta
name: Barone, Cristiana
name: Polynikis Kaimakis
name: Martynoga, Ben
name: Ottolenghi, Sergio
name: Studer, Michèle
name: Francois Guillemot
name: Frassoni, Carolina
name: Bovolenta, Paola
name: Nicolis, Silvia K
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Model organisms
subject: Gene Expression
subject: Genetics & Genomics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Stem Cells

description: Visual system development involves the formation of neuronal projections connecting the retina to the thalamic dorso-lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) and the thalamus to the visual cerebral cortex. Patients carrying mutations in the SOX2 transcription factor gene present severe visual defects, thought to be linked to SOX2 functions in the retina. We show that Sox2 is strongly expressed in mouse postmitotic thalamic projection neurons. Cre-mediated deletion of Sox2 in these neurons causes reduction of the dLGN, abnormal distribution of retino-thalamic and thalamo-cortical projections, and secondary defects in cortical patterning. Reduced expression, in mutants, of Sox2 target genes encoding ephrin-A5 and the serotonin transport molecules SERT and vMAT2 (important for establishment of thalamic connectivity) likely provides a molecular contribution to these defects. These findings unveil thalamic SOX2 function as a novel regulator of visual system development and a plausible additional cause of brain-linked genetic blindness in humans.
Special Solutions of Bi-Riccati Delay-Differential Equations
Creators: name: Berntson, Bjorn K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Delay-differential equations are functional differential equations that involve shifts and derivatives with respect to a single independent variable. Some integrability candidates in this class have been identified by various means. For three of these equations we consider their elliptic and soliton-type solutions. Using Hirota's bilinear method, we find that two of our equations possess three-soliton-type solutions.
GRASP55 regulates Golgi ribbon formation.
Creators: name: Feinstein, Timothy N.
name: Linstedt, Adam
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Recent work indicates that mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)1 signaling at the G2/M cell cycle transition unlinks the contiguous mammalian Golgi apparatus and that this regulates cell cycle progression. Here, we sought to determine the role in this pathway of Golgi reassembly protein (GRASP)55, a Golgi-localized target of MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation at mitosis. In support of the hypothesis that GRASP55 is inhibited in late G2 phase, causing unlinking of the Golgi ribbon, we found that HeLa cells depleted of GRASP55 show a fragmented Golgi similar to control cells arrested in G2 phase. In the absence of GRASP55, Golgi stack length is shortened but Golgi stacking, compartmentalization, and transport seem normal. Absence of GRASP55 was also sufficient to suppress the requirement for MEK1 in the G2/M transition, a requirement that we previously found depends on an intact Golgi ribbon. Furthermore, mimicking mitotic phosphorylation of GRASP55 by using aspartic acid substitutions is sufficient to unlink the Golgi apparatus in a gene replacement assay. Our results implicate MEK1/ERK regulation of GRASP55-mediated Golgi linking as a control point in cell cycle progression.
Silene dioica Clairv.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Caryophyllaceae
Silene
Silene dioica

description: Lychnis dioica Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 437. 1753.
"Habitat in Europae frigidae pratis succulentis." RCN: 3393.
 Lectotype (Talavera & Muñoz Garmendia in Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 45: 453. 1989): Herb. Linn. No. 602.6, female specimen (LINN).
 Current name: Silene dioica (L.) Clairv. (Caryophyllaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 645, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Basic physical parameters of a selected sample of evolved stars
Creators: name: da Silva, L.
name: Girardi, L.
name: Pasquini, L.
name: Setiawan, J.
name: von der Luhe, O.
name: de Medeiros, J. R.
name: Hatzes, A.
name: Dollinger, M. P.
name: Weiss, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the detailed spectroscopic analysis of 72 evolved stars, including the [Fe/H] determination for the whole sample. These metallicities, together with the Teff values and the absolute V magnitude derived from Hipparcos parallaxes, are used to estimate basic stellar parameters (ages, masses, radii, (B-V)o and log g using theoretical isochrones and a Bayesian estimation method. The (B-V)o values so estimated turn out to be in excellent agreement with the observed (B-V), confirming the reliability of the (Teff,(B-V)o) relation used in the isochrones. The estimated diameters have been compared with limb darkening-corrected ones measured with independent methods, finding an agreement better than 0.3 mas within the 1-10 mas interval. We derive the age-metallicity relation for the solar neighborhood; for the first time such a relation has been derived from observations of field giants rather than from open clusters and field dwarfs and subdwarfs. The age-metallicity relation is characterized by close-to-solar metallicities for stars younger than ~4 Gyr, and by a large [Fe/H] spread with a trend towards lower metallicities for higher ages. We find that the [Fe/H] dispersion of young stars (less than 1 Gyr) is comparable to the observational errors, indicating that stars in the solar neighbourhood are formed from interstellar matter of quite homogeneous chemical composition. The three giants of our sample which have been proposed to host planets are not metal rich, what is at odds with those for main sequence stars. However, two of these stars have masses much larger than a solar mass so we may be sampling a different stellar population from most radial velocity searches for extrasolar planets. We also confirm that the radial velocity variability tends to increase along the RGB.
description: 17 pgs, 19 figs
Structure-guided identification of resistance breaking antimalarial N‑myristoyltransferase inhibitors.
Creators: name: Schlott, Anja C
name: Mayclin, Stephen
name: Reers, Alexandra R
name: Coburn-Flynn, Olivia
name: Bell, Andrew S
name: Green, Judith
name: Knuepfer, Ellen
name: Charter, David
name: Bonnert, Roger
name: Campo, Brice
name: Burrows, Jeremy
name: Lyons-Abbott, Sally
name: Staker, Bart L
name: Chung, Chun-Wa
name: Myler, Peter J
name: Fidock, David A
name: Tate, Edward W
name: Holder, Anthony A
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2020
Subjects: Model organisms
Biochemistry & Proteomics
Infectious Disease
Cell Biology

description: The attachment of myristate to the N-terminal glycine of certain proteins is largely a co-translational modification catalyzed by N-myristoyltransferase (NMT), and involved in protein membrane-localization. Pathogen NMT is a validated therapeutic target in numerous infectious diseases including malaria. In Plasmodium falciparum, NMT substrates are important in essential processes including parasite gliding motility and host cell invasion. Here, we generated parasites resistant to a particular NMT inhibitor series and show that resistance in an in vitro parasite growth assay is mediated by a single amino acid substitution in the NMT substrate-binding pocket. The basis of resistance was validated and analyzed with a structure-guided approach using crystallography, in combination with enzyme activity, stability, and surface plasmon resonance assays, allowing identification of another inhibitor series unaffected by this substitution. We suggest that resistance studies incorporated early in the drug development process help selection of drug combinations to impede rapid evolution of parasite resistance.
Attosecond metrology of 2D charge distribution in molecules
Creators: name: Loriot, V.
name: Boyer, A.
name: Nandi, S.
name: González-Collado, C. M.
name: Plésiat, E.
name: Marciniak, A.
name: Garcia, C. L.
name: Hu, Y.
name: Lara-Astiaso, M.
name: Palacios, A.
name: Decleva, P.
name: Martín, F.
name: Lépine, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoionization as a half-scattering process is not instantaneous. Usually, time delays in photoionization are of the order of few tens of attoseconds (1 as = 10$^{-18}$ s). While going from a single atom to a nano-object, one can expect the delay to increase since the photoelectron scatters over a larger distance. Here, we show that this is no longer valid in the case of planar systems. Using attosecond interferometry, we find that the time delay in a 2D carbon-based molecule, naphthalene, is significantly smaller compared to its 3D diamond-like counterpart, adamantane. The measured time delay carries the signature of the spatial distribution of the hole created in the residual molecular cation, allowing us to obtain its dimensions with angstrom accuracy. Our findings offer novel opportunities for tracking and manipulating ultrafast charge transport in molecular materials.
An immunotherapy survivor population: health-related quality of life and toxicity in patients with metastatic melanoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
Creators: name: O'Reilly, Aine
name: Hughes, Peta
name: Mann, Jasmine
name: Zhuangming Lai
name: Jhia Jiat Teh
name: Mclean, Emma
name: Edmonds, Kim
name: Lingard, Karla
name: Dharmisha Chauhan
name: Lynch, Joanna
name: Au, Lewis
name: Ludlow, Aileen
name: Pattison, Natalie
name: Wiseman, Theresa
name: Turajlic, Samra
name: Gore, Martin
name: Larkin, James
name: Husson, Olga
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: PURPOSE: The immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have resulted in subgroups of patients with metastatic melanoma achieving high-quality durable responses. Metastatic melanoma survivors are a new population in the era of cancer survivorship. The aim of this study was to evaluate metastatic melanoma survivors in terms of health-related quality of life (HRQoL), immune-related adverse events (irAEs) and exposure to immunosuppressive agents in a large single centre in the UK. METHODS: We defined the survivor population as patients with a diagnosis of metastatic melanoma who achieved a durable response to an ICI and had been followed-up for a minimum of 12 months from initiation of ICI without disease progression. HRQoL was assessed using SF-36. Electronic health records were accessed to collect data on demographics, treatments, irAEs and survival. HRQoL data was compared with two norm-based datasets. RESULTS: Eighty-four metastatic melanoma survivors were eligible and 87% (N = 73) completed the SF-36. ICI-related toxicity of any grade occurred in 92% of patients and 43% had experienced a grade 3 or 4 toxicity. Almost half (49%) of the patients required steroids for the treatment of ICI-related toxicity, whilst 14% required treatment with an immunosuppressive agent beyond steroids. Melanoma survivors had statistically significant lower HRQoL scores with regard to physical, social and physical role functioning and general health compared with the normative population. There was a trend towards inferior scores in patients with previous exposure to ipilimumab compared with those never exposed to ipilimumab. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that metastatic melanoma survivors have potentially experienced significant ICI-related toxicity and experience significant impairments in specific HRQoL domains. Future service planning is required to meet this population's unique survivorship needs.
Lychnis flos
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Caryophyllaceae
Lychnis
Lychnis flos

description: Lychnis flos-cuculi Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 436. 1753.
"Habitat in partis [sic] Europae humidiusculis." RCN: 3389.
 Lectotype (Sell in Jonsell & Jarvis in Nordic J. Bot. 14: 158. 1994): Herb. Clifford: 174, Lychnis 2 (BM-000628551).
 Current name: Lychnis flos - cuculi (L.) Clairv. (Caryophyllaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 645, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Dihedral Flavor Symmetry from Dimensional Deconstruction
Creators: name: Kubo, Jisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extra dimension deconstructed on a closed chain has naturally the symmetry of a regular polygon, the dihedral symmetry D_N. We assume that the fields are irreducible representations of the binary dihedral group Q_2N, which is the covering group of D_N. It is found that although the orbifold boundary conditions break the dihedral invariance explicitly, the Q_2N symmetry appears as an intact internal, global flavor symmetry at low energies. A concrete predictive model based on Q_6N$ with an odd N is given.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Graph theoretical insights into evolution of multidomain proteins.
Creators: name: Przytycka, Teresa
name: Davis, George B.
name: Song, Nan
name: Durand, Dannie
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study properties of multidomain proteins from a graph theoretical perspective. In particular, we demonstrate connections between properties of the domain overlap graph and certain variants of Dollo parsimony models. We apply our graph theoretical results to address several interrelated questions: do proteins acquire new domains infrequently, or often enough that the same combinations of domains will be created repeatedly through independent events? Once domain architectures are created do they persist? In other words, is the existence of ancestral proteins with domain compositions not observed in contemporary proteins unlikely? Our experimental results indicate that independent merges of domain pairs are not uncommon in large superfamilies.
The braided Ptolemy-Thompson group is finitely presented
Creators: name: Funar, Louis
name: Kapoudjian, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20 F 36, 20 F 38, 20 F 05, 57 M 07, 57 N 05

description: Pursueing our investigations on the relations between Thompson groups and mapping class groups, we introduce the group $T^*$ (and its further generalizations) which is an extension of the Ptolemy-Thompson group $T$ by means of the full braid group $B_{\infty}$ on infinitely many strands. We prove that it is a finitely presented group with solvable word problem, and give an explicit presentation of it.
description: 35 p
OmDet: Large-scale vision-language multi-dataset pre-training with multimodal detection network
Creators: name: Zhao, Tiancheng
name: Liu, Peng
name: Lee, Kyusong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The advancement of object detection (OD) in open-vocabulary and open-world scenarios is a critical challenge in computer vision. This work introduces OmDet, a novel language-aware object detection architecture, and an innovative training mechanism that harnesses continual learning and multi-dataset vision-language pre-training. Leveraging natural language as a universal knowledge representation, OmDet accumulates a "visual vocabulary" from diverse datasets, unifying the task as a language-conditioned detection framework. Our multimodal detection network (MDN) overcomes the challenges of multi-dataset joint training and generalizes to numerous training datasets without manual label taxonomy merging. We demonstrate superior performance of OmDet over strong baselines in object detection in the wild, open-vocabulary detection, and phrase grounding, achieving state-of-the-art results. Ablation studies reveal the impact of scaling the pre-training visual vocabulary, indicating a promising direction for further expansion to larger datasets. The effectiveness of our deep fusion approach is underscored by its ability to learn jointly from multiple datasets, enhancing performance through knowledge sharing.
description: Published at IET CV
Low catalytic activity is insufficient to induce disease pathology in triosephosphate isomerase deficiency.
Creators: name: Segal, Joanna
name: Mülleder, Michael
name: Krüger, Antje
name: Adler, Thure
name: Scholze-Wittler, Manuela
name: Becker, Lore
name: Calzada-Wack, Julia
name: Garrett, Lillian
name: Hölter, Sabine M
name: Rathkolb, Birgit
name: Rozman, Jan
name: Racz, Ildiko
name: Fischer, Ralf
name: Busch, Dirk H
name: Neff, Frauke
name: Klingenspor, Martin
name: Klopstock, Thomas
name: Nana-Maria Grüning
name: Michel, Steve
name: Lukaszewska-McGreal, Beata
name: Voigt, Ingo
name: Hartmann, Ludger
name: Timmermann, Bernd
name: Lehrach, Hans
name: Wolf, Eckhard
name: Wurst, Wolfgang
name: Gailus-Durner, Valérie
name: Fuchs, Helmut
name: Angelis, Martin H De
name: Schrewe, Heinrich
name: Mariia Yuneva
name: Ralser, Markus
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2020
Subjects: Model organisms
Synthetic Biology
Signalling & Oncogenes
Genome Integrity & Repair
Human Biology & Physiology
Chemical Biology & High Throughput
Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
Metabolism
Computational & Systems Biology

description: Triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) deficiency is a fatal genetic disorder characterized by haemolytic anaemia and neurological dysfunction. Although the enzyme defect in TPI was discovered in the 1960s, the exact etiology of the disease is still debated. Some aspects indicate the disease could be caused by insufficient enzyme activity, whereas other observations indicate it could be a protein misfolding disease with tissue-specific differences in TPI activity. We generated a mouse model in which exchange of a conserved catalytic amino acid residue (isoleucine to valine, Ile170Val) reduces TPI specific activity without affecting the stability of the protein dimer. TPIIle170Val/Ile170Val mice exhibit an ~85% reduction in TPI activity consistently across all examined tissues, which is a stronger average activity decline than observed in patients or symptomatic mouse models that carry structural defect mutant alleles. While monitoring protein expression levels revealed no evidence for protein instability, metabolite quantification indicated that glycolysis is affected by the active site mutation. TPIIle170Val/Ile170Val mice develop normally and show none of the disease symptoms associated with TPI deficiency. Therefore, without the stability defect that penetrates in a tissue-specific manner, a strong decline in TPI catalytic activity is not sufficient to explain the pathological onset of TPI deficiency. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Auger recombination in Dirac materials: A tangle of many-body effects
Creators: name: Alymov, Georgy
name: Vyurkov, Vladimir
name: Ryzhii, Victor
name: Satou, Akira
name: Svintsov, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The peculiar electron dispersion in Dirac materials makes lowest-order Auger processes prohibited or marginally prohibited by energy and momentum conservation laws. Thus, Auger recombination (AR) in these materials is very sensitive to many-body effects. We incorporate them at the level of the $GW$ approximation into the nonequilibrium Green's functions approach to AR and study the role of dynamic screening, spectrum broadening and renormalization in the case of weakly pumped undoped graphene. We find that incorrect treatment of many-body effects can lead to an order-of-magnitude error in the recombination rate. We show that the AR time weakly (sublinearly) depends on the background dielectric constant, which limits the possibility to control recombination by the choice of substrate. However, the AR time can be considerably prolonged by placing graphene under a metal gate or by introducing a bandgap. With carrier cooling taken into account, our results comply with experiments on photoexcited graphene.
Interstellar Turbulence Driving by Galactic Spiral Shocks
Creators: name: Kim, Chang-Goo
name: Kim, Woong-Tae
name: Ostriker, Eve C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spiral shocks are potentially a major source of turbulence in the interstellar medium. To address this problem quantitatively, we use numerical simulations to investigate gas flow across spiral arms in vertically stratified, self-gravitating, magnetized models of galactic disks. Our models are isothermal, quasi-axisymmetric, and local in the quasi-radial direction while global in the vertical direction. We find that a stellar spiral potential perturbation promptly induces a spiral shock in the gas flow. For vertically stratified gas disks, the shock front in the radial-vertical plane is in general curved, and never achieves a steady state. This behavior is in sharp contrast to spiral shocks in two-dimensional (thin) disks, which are generally stationary. The non-steady motions in our models include large-amplitude quasi-radial flapping of the shock front. This flapping feeds random gas motions on the scale of the vertical disk thickness, which then cascades to smaller scales. The induced gas velocity dispersion in quasi-steady state exceeds the sonic value for a range of shock strengths, suggesting that spiral shocks are indeed an important generator of turbulence in disk galaxies.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJL
Silene quadrifida Linnaeus
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Caryophyllaceae
Silene
Silene quadrifida

description: Lychnis quadridentata Linnaeus, Systema Vegetabilium, ed. 13: 362. 1774, nom. illeg.
["Habitat in Styriae monte ad oppidum Eisenertz."] Sp. Pl. 1: 415 (1753). RCN: 3268.
 Replaced synonym: Cucubalus quadrifidus L. (1753).
 Lectotype (Melzheimer & Polatschek in Phyton (Horn) 31: 285. 1992): [icon] " Caryophyllus minimus humilis alter exoticus flore candido amoeno " in Plantin, Pl. Stirp. Icon.: 445. 1581.
 Current name: Silene quadrifida (L.) L. (Caryophyllaceae).
 Note: As noted by Walters (in Feddes Repert. 69: 47. 1964), this is an illegitimate replacement name for Silene quadrifida (L.) L. (1759), itself based on Cucubalus quadrifidus L. (1753).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 645, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Excursion Processes Associated with Elliptic Combinatorics
Creators: name: Baba, Hiroya
name: Katori, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Researching elliptic analogues for equalities and formulas is a new trend in enumerative combinatorics which has followed the previous trend of studying $q$-analogues. Recently Schlosser proposed a lattice path model in the square lattice with a family of totally elliptic weight-functions including several complex parameters and discussed an elliptic extension of the binomial theorem. In the present paper, we introduce a family of discrete-time excursion processes on $\mathbb{Z}$ starting from the origin and returning to the origin in a given time duration $2T$ associated with Schlosser's elliptic combinatorics. The processes are inhomogeneous both in space and time and hence expected to provide new models in non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. By numerical calculation we show that the maximum likelihood trajectories on the spatio-temporal plane of the elliptic excursion processes and of their reduced trigonometric versions are not straight lines in general but are nontrivially curved depending on parameters. We analyze asymptotic probability laws in the long-term limit $T \to \infty$ for a simplified trigonometric version of excursion process. Emergence of nontrivial curves of trajectories in a large scale of space and time from the elementary elliptic weight-functions exhibits a new aspect of elliptic combinatorics.
description: v3: AMS-LaTeX, 36 pages, 10 figures; minor corrections made for publication in J. Stat. Phys
Telegram Regarding Nature of Charges Against White
Creators: name: United States. Embassy (Belgrade)
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1966
Subjects: Box 232 Folder 1
Box 232 Folder 01
Yugoslavia -- Politics and government -- 1945-1980
Yugoslavia -- Foreign relations -- 1945-1980 -- Soviet Union

description: Telegram regarding Colonel White's case and charges against White which appear not supported by the facts at hand.
Prompt photon photoproduction at HERA in the k_T-factorization approach
Creators: name: Lipatov, A. V.
name: Zotov, N. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present calculations of the prompt photon photoproduction at HERA collider in the k_T-factorization approach. Both direct and resolved contributions are taken into account. The conservative error analisys is performed. The unintegrated parton densities in a proton and in a photon are determined using the Kimber-Martin-Ryskin prescription. We investigate both inclusive and associated with jet prompt photon photoproduction rates. In particular, we study the angular correlations between produced photon and hadronic jet in the transverse momentum plane which can provide a unique information about non-collinear evolution dynamics. We compare our theoretical predictions with recent experimental data taken by the H1 and ZEUS collaborations.
description: 34 pages, 18 figures
Memorandum Regarding Suggested Economic Package
Creators: name: United States. Department Of State
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1965
Subjects: Box 232 Folder 5
Box 232 Folder 05
Yugoslavia -- Politics and government -- 1945-1980
Yugoslavia -- Foreign relations -- 1945-1980 -- Soviet Union

description: Memorandum for Bundy detailing the financials of suggested Yugoslav package for $150-160 million in new medium and longer-term credits.
Golgin160 recruits the dynein motor to position the Golgi apparatus.
Creators: name: Yadav, Smita
name: Manojkumar Puthenveedu
name: Linstedt, Adam
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Membrane motility is a fundamental characteristic of all eukaryotic cells. One of the best-known examples is that of the mammalian Golgi apparatus, where constant inward movement of Golgi membranes results in its characteristic position near the centrosome. While it is clear that the minus-end-directed motor dynein is required for this process, the mechanism and regulation of dynein recruitment to Golgi membranes remains unknown. Here, we show that the Golgi protein golgin160 recruits dynein to Golgi membranes. This recruitment confers centripetal motility to membranes and is regulated by the GTPase Arf1. Further, during cell division, motor association with membranes is regulated by the dissociation of the receptor-motor complex from membranes. These results identify a cell-cycle-regulated membrane receptor for a molecular motor and suggest a mechanistic basis for achieving the dramatic changes in organelle positioning seen during cell division.
Implications of the geometric representation of the early universe wave function
Creators: name: Lev, B. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main goal of this article is to present an algebraic approach to describing the birth and start evolution of the universe. In such an approach, it is possible to use the nature of supersymmetry in terms of the geometric representation of the wave function and propose a mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking of the excitations of the universe with different degrees of freedom. On this basis, it is possible to explain the origin of dark energy and matter and explain the baryonic asymmetry of the universe.
description: 8 pages
Optimizing the Performance of a High-Granularity Silicon-Pad EM Calorimeter
Creators: name: Paganis, Stathes
name: Psallidas, Andreas
name: Steen, Arnaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A silicon-based fine granularity calorimeter is a potential technology for the future International Linear Collider ILC, the future circular collider CEPC, and is also the chosen technology for the upgraded CMS experiment of the Large Hadron Collider. Active silicon sensing pads are used as MIP counters and the standard calibration of the calorimeter uses weights based on the average energy loss, $dEdx$. In this work, the limitations of the dEdx calibration method in terms of energy linearity, scale and resolution are explored. In the case of a calorimeter with varying passive layer thickness as the one planned for CMS, the $dEdx$ method leads to a significant constant term in the resolution function and a non-linearity of energy response. For these reasons, a method based on the calorimeter sampling fraction that exploits the per-event measured shower depth is presented and shown to deliver superior absolute energy scale, linearity and resolution. Calorimetric designs in which the back of the shower is sampled less, offer reduced cost without loss in performance. Therefore, a proper calibration as proposed here is crucial in obtaining the most cost- and performance-effective silicon-sampling calorimeter design.
description: Paper Accepted by JINST
Note Regarding Counterintelligence
Creators: name: United States. Department Of State
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 0
Subjects: Box 232 Folder 6
Box 232 Folder 06
Yugoslavia -- Politics and government -- 1945-1980
Yugoslavia -- Foreign relations -- 1945-1980 -- Soviet Union

description: Handwriten note to Ash believed to include counterintelligence.
Moduli evolution in the presence of flux compactifications
Creators: name: Barreiro, T.
name: de Carlos, B.
name: Copeland, E. J.
name: Nunes, N. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the cosmological evolution of the volume moduli in a class of recently proposed Inflationary Universe models arising out of Type IIB string theory, where a number of the moduli fields have been stabilised through flux compactifications. Developing an approach initially introduced in [3] we show, in agreement with [4], how the presence of extra sources of matter act so as to provide additional friction, slowing the modulus field as it evolves down its potential, thereby vastly increasing the region of parameter space which leads to the eventual stabilisation of these fields. Extending the case to include both the real and imaginary parts of the volume modulus, we show how the parameter space of inital conditions is modified and comment on the impact for these inflationary models arising out of flux type compactifications.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, added references and comments
First Evidence of a Precessing Jet Excavating a Protostellar Envelope
Creators: name: Ybarra, Jason E.
name: Barsony, Mary
name: Haisch,, Karl E.
name: Jarrett, Thomas H.
name: Sahai, Raghvendra
name: Weinberger, Alycia J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new, sensitive, near-infrared images of the Class I protostar, Elias 29, in the Ophiuchus cloud core. To explore the relationship between the infall envelope and the outflow, narrowband H2 1-0 S(1), Br-gamma, and narrowband K-continuum filters were used to image the source with the Wide-Field Infrared Camera on the Hale 5m telescope and with Persson's Auxiliary Nasmyth Infrared Camera on the Baade 6.5 m telescope. The source appears as a bipolar, scattered light nebula, with a wide opening angle in all filters, as is typical for late-stage protostars. However, the pure H2 emission-line images point to the presence of a heretofore undetected precessing jet. It is argued that high-velocity, narrow, precessing jets provide the mechanism for creating the observed wide-angled outflow cavity in this source.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure, 1 table
Correlation between Intraocular Pressure and Central Corneal Thickness in Persian Children
Creators: name: Nejabat, Mahmood
name: Heidary, Fatemeh
name: Talebnejad, Mohammad Reza
name: Salouti, Ramin
name: Nowroozzadeh, Mohammad Hossein
name: Masoumpour, Masoumeh
name: Mahdaviazad, Hamideh
name: Tajbakhsh, Zahra
name: Keshtkar, Maryam
name: Jamali, Hossein
name: Khalili, Mohammad Reza
name: Movahedan, Hossein
name: Roustaei, Narges
name: Gharebaghi, Reza
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 111301 Ophthalmology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine

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Telegram Regarding Jarring Mission
Creators: name: United States. Department Of State
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1968
Subjects: Box 232 Folder 8
Box 232 Folder 08
Yugoslavia -- Politics and government -- 1945-1980
Yugoslavia -- Foreign relations -- 1945-1980 -- Soviet Union

description: Telegram concerning future meeting with Tito and discussion of Jarring mission.
momentuHMM: R package for generalized hidden Markov models of animal movement
Creators: name: McClintock, Brett T.
name: Michelot, Theo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Discrete-time hidden Markov models (HMMs) have become an immensely popular tool for inferring latent animal behaviors from telemetry data. Here we introduce an open-source R package, momentuHMM, that addresses many of the deficiencies in existing HMM software. Features include: 1) data pre-processing and visualization; 2) user-specified probability distributions for an unlimited number of data streams and latent behavior states; 3) biased and correlated random walk movement models, including "activity centers" associated with attractive or repulsive forces; 4) user-specified design matrices and constraints for covariate modelling of parameters using formulas familiar to most R users; 5) multiple imputation methods that account for measurement error and temporally-irregular or missing data; 6) seamless integration of spatio-temporal covariate raster data; 7) cosinor and spline models for cyclical and other complicated patterns; 8) model checking and selection; and 9) simulation. momentuHMM considerably extends the capabilities of existing HMM software while accounting for common challenges associated with telemetery data. It therefore facilitates more realistic hypothesis-driven animal movement analyses that have hitherto been largely inaccessible to non-statisticians. While motivated by telemetry data, the package can be used for analyzing any type of data that is amenable to HMMs. Practitioners interested in additional features are encouraged to contact the authors.
Telegram Regarding Change of Soviet Leadership
Creators: name: United States. Embassy (Belgrade)
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1964
Subjects: Box 232 Folder 1
Box 232 Folder 01
Yugoslavia -- Politics and government -- 1945-1980
Yugoslavia -- Foreign relations -- 1945-1980 -- Soviet Union

description: Telegram addressing points by Nikezic on Soviet leadership and state of changes within the party.