cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Kinematics of Red Variables in the Solar Neighborhood I. Basic Data Obtained by an SiO Maser Survey
Creators: name: Deguchi, S.
name: Sakamoto, T.
name: Hasegawa, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to study the streaming motions of miras in the Solar neighborhood, we newly surveyed 379 red variables in the SiO maser lines at 42.821 and 43.122 GHz with the Nobeyama 45m radio telescope. Accurate radial velocities were obtained for 229 (220 new) detected stars. The sample is selected from optical variables found by new automated surveys: the Northern Sky Variability Survey and the All Sky Automated Survey. The new sample consists of the "bluer" objects compared with those observed in the previous SiO surveys. The distances to the objects are estimated using the period-luminosity relation, and they are mostly less than 3 kpc from the Sun. The longitude-velocity diagram reveals three prominent groups of stars deviant from the circular Galactic rotation with a flat rotation curve. In addition to the Hercules group of stars which was studied before, we found two new deviant groups: one toward the Perseus arm and the other toward the Sagittarius arm. These two groups both exhibit anomalous motions toward the Galactic center, which seem to be consistent with the noncircular motions of these spiral arms found in the recent VLBI proper-motion measurements for maser gas clumps.
description: PASJ 64 no.1 (2012 Feb. 25 issue) in press. A full version including Fig. 8a-m, and Fig. 9 are available at http://www.nro.nao.ac.jp/~lib_pub/report/data/no680.pdf
Mechanisms of Adaptation to Mean Light Intensity in the Chick Retina
Creators: name: Shi, Qing
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: retina
subject: Adaptation
subject: optokinetic response
subject: Dopamine
subject: nitric oxide
subject: cell-cell coupling

description: Through adaptation, animals can function visually under an enormous range of light intensities. Adaptation to changes in light intensity takes place early, in the retina. One role of adaptation is to regulate the spatiotemporal tuning of retinal outputs via retinal ganglion cells. In my project, I used the optokinetic response (OKR) to characterize contrast sensitivity (CS) in the chick retina as a function of spatial frequency and temporal frequency at different mean light intensities. I first found that adaptation from light to dark caused a shift in tuning preference of CS (Chapter 2). In the daytime, photopic CS of the chick was tuned to spatial frequency; whereas in the nighttime, scotopic CS was tuned to temporal frequency. Later, I explored mechanisms that modulated spatiotemporal CS under different adaptational conditions (Chapter 3). Since dopamine (DA) and nitric oxide (NO) are putative light-adaptation messengers in the retina, I injected agents affecting DA and NO actions and gap junction coupling into the eyes (vitreous bodies) of dark- or light-adapted chicks. Finally, I investigated the role of cell-cell coupling, a downstream mediator of DA or NO actions in the retina, in adaptation. I demonstrated that the chick uses a similar strategy to that used by mammals, to adapt to ambient illumination; and that DA, NO, as well as cell-cell coupling are adaptation-sensitive modulators of spatiotemporal visual processing in the retina. Optokinetic CS is a rapid and noninvasive method for assessing retinal function, which can be manipulated rapidly, conditionally and reversibly by intravitreal injection of specific pharmacological agents. The chick’s large eyes, and the similarities of control of light adaptation in chick and other species (e. g., mouse), make the chick a powerful new model for retinal research.
ANALYSIS OF STRESS DISTRIBUTION IN SINGLE POSTERIOR ZIRCONIA, LITHIUM DISILICATE AND POLYETHERETHERKETONE (PEEK) CROWN RESTORATION WITH FINISH LINE DESIGN USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS
Creators: name: FELIX HARTANTO ONGKO
name: SYAFRINANI
name: PUTRI WELDA UTAMI RITONGA
name: MUHAMMAD SABRI
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Crown Restoration, All-Ceramic, Peek, Stress Distribution, Finish Line Design, Finite Element Analysis.

description: Abstract
Background: All-ceramic crown restorations frequently used in prosthodontics as metal-free restoration because of their esthetics, biocompatibility, and inert properties, however fracture remains a complication. Stress distribution in all-ceramic crowns during mastication reported to be higher on cervical area than occlusal surface according to finite element analysis (FEA). Cervical area are vulnerable and may induce cracks from the occlusal surface to cervical. Shoulder and chamfer finish line design were recommended design for crown restoration and had influence in stress distribution. Mechanical properties of restoration material such as modulus elasticity is an important factor that must be considered. Besides all-ceramic material, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) material have widely been used on medical field. PEEK provides a shock absorbent effect, biocompatible with good esthetics which can be considered as an alternative restoration material.  Objectives: This study aims to analyze zirconia, lithium disilicate and PEEK posterior crown restoration stress distribution with finish line design using FEA software (ANSYS v17.2; ANSYS Inc, Canonsburg, PA, USA) Material and Method: Six 3D mandibular first molar models of two type finish line designs; shoulder and chamfer were prepared using AutoCAD 2016 software and crown restoration 3D designed. FEA simulation then started with loading condition, simulating average human maximum bite force of 600 N axially to the occlusal surface at the center of the crown. Result: Stress on zirconia and lithium disilicate crowns was localized on occlusal loading area as well as internal restoration axial wall and cervical region within restoration. Contrastly for PEEK crown, stress got absorbed and disperse to the underlying abutment. The lowest von Mises stress values showed on zirconia crown with shoulder finish line design (20,301 MPa) compared to chamfer (22,264 MPa), and both lithium disilicate (14,039 MPa) and PEEK (0,444 MPa) crown with chamfer finish line design compared to shoulder lithium disilicate (16,496 MPa) and PEEK (0,473 MPa). These result suggest that on zirconia crown, it needs a wide margin area such as shoulder finish line design to minimize stress, meanwhile on lithium disilicate and PEEK crown, chamfer finish line design distribute stress evenly so that crown restoration survival can be expected to improve. Conclusion: PEEK crown prevent stress concentration on crown cervical area, implying PEEK can be use clinically as alternative restoration material.
Derivation of transient relativistic fluid dynamics from the Boltzmann equation
Creators: name: Denicol, G. S.
name: Niemi, H.
name: Molnar, E.
name: Rischke, D. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a general derivation of relativistic fluid dynamics from the Boltzmann equation using the method of moments. The main difference between our approach and the traditional 14-moment approximation is that we will not close the fluid-dynamical equations of motion by truncating the expansion of the distribution function. Instead, we keep all terms in the moment expansion. The reduction of the degrees of freedom is done by identifying the microscopic time scales of the Boltzmann equation and considering only the slowest ones. In addition, the equations of motion for the dissipative quantities are truncated according to a systematic power-counting scheme in Knudsen and inverse Reynolds number. We conclude that the equations of motion can be closed in terms of only 14 dynamical variables, as long as we only keep terms of second order in Knudsen and/or inverse Reynolds number. We show that, even though the equations of motion are closed in terms of these 14 fields, the transport coefficients carry information about all the moments of the distribution function. In this way, we can show that the particle-diffusion and shear-viscosity coefficients agree with the values given by the Chapman-Enskog expansion.
description: 27 pages
Organic field effect transistors fabricated using solution based aggregation and soft lithography
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Abhimanyu
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: In this thesis, we present a study on thin films and organic field effect transistor (OFET) devices using solution ageing induced aggregation and soft lithography techniques. We first investigated the effect of solution ageing and film thickness of F8T2 (poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-bithiophene)) spin coated from different boiling point solvents. Using the weakly interacting H-J aggregate model, we found that with solution ageing, there was an increase in J-aggregate ordering, characteristic of the beta-phase regime commonly associated with polyfluorenes. In organic transistor devices, this corresponded with a positive correlation with threshold voltage, V_th, and the Vissenberg and Matters density-of-states temperature for disorder, T_0. Azeotropic binary solvent thin films of F8T2 were also investigated in regimes of extreme H and J aggregation, with the latter indicating more presence of the beta-phase was detrimental to OFET performance. Using the soft lithographic approach, patterning of the organic semiconductor layer was achieved by applying the micromolding in capillaries (MIMIC) and solvent assisted micro molding in capillaries (SAMIM) methods. Different architectures of stamp designs and domains using Fluorolink MD 700 perfluoropolyether (PFPE) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) materials were investigated and their effects on OFET device performance are presented. We found that patterned organic semiconductor layers of both small molecules such as TIPS-pentacene (6,13-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)pentacene), and the polymers F8T2 and P3HT (poly(3-hexylthiophene)) from a solution precursor, were capable of forming sub-micron features using optimised stamp geometries and materials at room temperature. Furthermore, we also investigated the effect of confined crystallisation of F8T2 from mono and azeotropic binary solvents in staggered top gate geometries. Using the highly hydrophobic fluoropolymer CYTOP as the dielectric, saturation mobilities of >0.001 cm^2/Vs, threshold voltages of V_th > -20 V, and gate leakage currents of (|I_D/I_G| > 10^3) were obtained. These results for confined crystallised F8T2 OFETs are of better performance, with the mobility in particular being an order of magnitude higher than that of conventional solution processed counterparts using spin coating and drop casting deposition methods.
Pulsed Injection System for Enhanced Treatment Delivery of In Situ Soil and Groundwater Remediation Systems
Creators: name: Derksen, Bonnie
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences
subject: Engineering--Civil
subject: Engineering--Environmental
subject: Pulsed
subject: remediation
subject: In-Situ

description: An area within in situ remediation technologies that continues to present challenges is the method used for delivery of chemical treatments (e.g. oxidants). This study observes the effects of combining the methods of two different delivery systems under similar geological conditions in both field and laboratory settings. The objective of this study is the comparison of the effects of a direct push liquid injection treatment with a pulsing injection system. The results of both the field-level and laboratory testing suggested that the pulsed injection technology was more effective in delivering treatments into the subsurface and enabling a longer horizontal transport distance.
ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ СТРУКТУРА СИСТЕМЫ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ КОНВЕРГЕНЦИИ
Creators: name: Олимова, Бахора
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: В данной статье освещены важность и актуальность создания большой базы данных в процессе конвергенции образовательных услуг, а также их теоретические и практические аспекты, а также высказаны мнения по данной теме.В рамках подхода, основанного на экономических направлениях экономики знаний, даются конкретные теоретические сведения по формированию компетенций с целью подготовки будущих специалистов экономического направления.
Evolution of the electronic structure of a Mott system across its phase diagram: an X-ray absorption spectroscopy study of (V(1-x)Crx)2O3
Creators: name: Rodolakis, F.
name: Rueff, J. -P.
name: Sikora, M.
name: Alliot, I.
name: Itié, J. -P.
name: Baudelet, F.
name: Ravy, S.
name: Wzietek, P.
name: Hansmann, P.
name: Toschi, A.
name: Haverkort, M. W.
name: Sangiovanni, G.
name: Held, K.
name: Metcalf, P.
name: Marsi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: V2O3 is an archetypal system for the study of correlation induced, Mott-Hubbard metal-insulator transitions. Despite decades of extensive investigations, the accurate description of its electronic properties remains an open problem in the physics of strongly correlated materials, also because of the lack of detailed experimental data on its electronic structure over the whole phase diagram. We present here a high resolution X-ray absorption spectroscopy study at the V K-edge of (V(1-x)Crx)2O3 to probe its electronic structure as a function of temperature, doping and pressure, providing an accurate picture of the electronic changes over the whole phase diagram. We also discuss the relevance of the parallel evolution of the lattice parameters, determined with X-ray diffraction. This allows us to draw two conclusions of general interest: first, the transition under pressure presents peculiar properties, related to a more continuous evolution of the lattice and electronic structure; second, the lattice mismatch is a good parameter describing the strength of the first order transition, and is consequently related to the tendency of the system towards the coexistence of different phases. Our results show that the evolution of the electronic structure while approaching a phase transition, and not only while crossing it, is also a key element to unveil the underlying physical mechanisms of Mott materials .
Die  Wege des Herrn : Roman
Creators: name: Epp, Peter
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1888

description: [Ubique] Peregrinus
description: Titelblatt mit Pseudonym [Ubique] Peregrinus
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire März 2021 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln ben
description: Originalverpackung
Ohm Esau
Creators: name: Epp, Peter
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1916

description: [Ubique] Peregrinus
description: Datierung gemäss handschriftlicher Eintragung
description: Titelblatt mit Pseudonym Ubique Peregrinus
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire März 2021 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln ben
description: Originalverpackung
The development of a soft tissue mimicking hydrogel: Mechanical characterisation and 3D printing
Creators: name: Tan, Zhengchu
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Accurate tissue phantoms are difficult to design due to the complex hyperelastic, viscoelastic and biphasic properties of real soft tissues. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the tissue mimicking ability of a composite hydrogel (CH), constituting of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and phytagel (PHY), as a soft tissue phantom over a range mechanical properties, for a variety of biomedical and tissue engineering applications. Its compressive stress-strain behaviour, relaxation response, tensile impact stresses and surgical needle-tissue interactions were mapped and characterised with respect to its constituent hydrogel formulation. The mechanical characterisation of biological tissues was also investigated and the results were used as the ground truth for mimicking. The best mimicking hydrogel compositions were determined by combining the most relevant mechanical properties for each desired application. This thesis demonstrates the use of the tissue mimicking composite hydrogel formulations as tissue phantoms for various surgical procedures, including convection enhanced drug delivery, and traumatic brain injury studies. To expand the applications of the CH, a preliminary biological evaluation of the hydrogel was performed using human dermal fibroblasts. Cell seeded on the collagen-coated composite hydrogel showed good attachment and viability. Finally, a novel fabrication method with the aim of creating samples that replicate the anisotropic properties of biological tissues was developed. A cryogenic 3D printing method utilising the liquid to solid phase change of the composite hydrogel ink was achieved by rapidly cooling the ink solution below its freezing point. The setup was able to successfully create complex 3D brain mimicking material. The method was validated by showing that the mechanical and microstructural properties of the 3D printed material was well matched to its cast-moulded equivalent. This greatly widens the applications of the CH as a mechanically accurate tool for in-vitro testing and also demonstrates promise for future mechanobiology and tissue engineering studies.
Majorana fermions in carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Sau, Jay D.
name: Tewari, Sumanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that carbon nanotubes (CNT) are good candidates for realizing one-dimensional topological superconductivity with Majorana fermions localized near the end points. The physics behind topological superconductivity in CNT is novel and is mediated by a recently reported curvature-induced spin-orbit coupling which itself has a topological origin. In addition to the spin-orbit coupling, an important new requirement for a robust topological state is broken chirality symmetry about the nanotube axis. We use topological arguments to show that, for recently realized strengths of spin-orbit coupling and broken chirality symmetry, a robust topological gap of around 500 mK is achievable in carbon nanotubes.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Die  Jungens
Creators: name: Epp, Peter
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1888

description: Ubique Peregrinus
description: Typoskript mit zahlreichen handschriftlichen Korrekturen
description: Titelblatt mit Pseudonym Ubique Peregrinus
description: Rückseiten leer
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire März 2021 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln ben
description: Originalverpackung
The Development Of The Leuven Embedded Figures Test (L-Eft)
Creators: name: de-Wit, Lee
name: Degroef, Jens
name: Van der Hallen, Ruth
name: Wagemans, Johan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Perceptual Organization; Gestalts; Test development; Embedded Figures Test; Vision

description: The Embedded Figures task has a long history as an important clinical and psychological test. There is however some ambiguity as to what exactly the test measures. This ambiguity is brought into clear focus by the fact that some researchers use the test as a measure of a local or global perceptual bias while others regard the test as a good measure of a much broader cognitive capacity related to intelligence or executive function. Given the importance of this test, particularly in clinical domains such as Autism, we have set out to develop a new version of the embedded figures test that more systematically manipulates the perceptual factors that contribute to the effective embedding of a target in a complex context. The result from two experiments will be presented, in which a range of factors, including continuity, complexity, closure and symmetry are revealed as potentially important. Based on these two experiments, a new set of stimuli will be presented which will form the basis of our new version of the Embedded Figures Test, which we plan to launch as an online test using the format of the Leuven Perceptual Organization Screening Test (L-POST). By more systematically manipulating the perceptual factors that contribute to effective embedding, we hope to offer a much more sensitive test, and a test that is better able to differentiate between genuine perceptual, as appose to executive, contributions to performance on this test.
Profile control charts based on nonparametric $L$-1 regression methods
Creators: name: Wei, Ying
name: Zhao, Zhibiao
name: Lin, Dennis K. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Classical statistical process control often relies on univariate characteristics. In many contemporary applications, however, the quality of products must be characterized by some functional relation between a response variable and its explanatory variables. Monitoring such functional profiles has been a rapidly growing field due to increasing demands. This paper develops a novel nonparametric $L$-1 location-scale model to screen the shapes of profiles. The model is built on three basic elements: location shifts, local shape distortions, and overall shape deviations, which are quantified by three individual metrics. The proposed approach is applied to the previously analyzed vertical density profile data, leading to some interesting insights.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-AOAS501 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Is the Sprawling Urban Form Sustainable? : An Investigation of the Ecological Impacts of Low-density Fringe Development
Creators: name: Abobo, Ansbert Monah
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Sociology--Transportation
subject: Urban and Regional Planning
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: Ecological footprint
subject: Sustainability
subject: Urban housing
subject: Urban mobility
subject: Sustainable design

description: The traditional postwar city has been characterized by extensive low-density residential growth coupled with an over-reliance on the private automobile for mobility in the city. As human activities seem to be the defining determinants of the unsustainable urban fabric, it is essential to understand the long-term impacts of the contemporary urban lifestyle and how it detrimentally relates to the planet. In this research, two urban development concepts were investigated to determine the type of urban form suitable for structuring a more sustainable city. By comparing low-density suburban communities to core area communities using an environmental impact assessment tool supported with empirical observations and theory, the differences between these two urban concepts were obtained. Using the ecological footprint methodology, footprint estimations were done for suburban communities (N = 8) and core area communities (N = 4) in Calgary to find out their disparities. The research used neighborhood household income/consumption as a proxy for estimating the ecological footprint values and footprints obtained ranged between 11.35 Gha/cap and 6.77 Gha/cap. All the data used in this research are secondary data obtained from Statistics Canada, The City of Calgary, and a Canadian national footprint study by Mackenzie et al (2008). The research suggests that drawing growth to core areas is a salient part of reducing ecological footprint but it needs to be complemented with novel ways of urban fringe development to maximize the outcomes of ecological footprint interventions. Since the highest ecological footprint values were found in high-income suburban neighborhoods, it is relevant to approach the problem by utilizing income as an integrator in making the urban form less suburban and also changing the structure of the few indispensable suburban communities.
Time delay between images of the lensed quasar UM673
Creators: name: Koptelova, E.
name: Chen, W. P.
name: Chiueh, T.
name: Artamonov, B. P
name: Oknyanskij, V. L.
name: Nuritdinov, S. N.
name: Burkhonov, O.
name: Akhunov, T.
name: Bruevich, V. V.
name: Ezhkova, O. V.
name: Gusev, A. S.
name: Sergeyev, A. A.
name: Ehgamberdiev, Sh. A.
name: Ibragimov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study brightness variations in the double lensed quasar UM673 (Q0142-100) with the aim of measuring the time delay between its two images. In the paper we combine our previously published observational data of UM673 obtained during the 2003 - 2005 seasons at the Maidanak Observatory with archival and recently observed Maidanak and CTIO UM673 data. We analyze the V, R and I-band light curves of the A and B images of UM673, which cover ten observational seasons from August 2001 to November 2010. We also analyze the time evolution of the difference in magnitudes between images A and B of UM673 over more than ten years. We find that the quasar exhibits both short-term (with amplitude of \sim 0.1 mag in the R band) and high-amplitude (\sim 0.3 mag) long-term variability on timescales of about several months and several years, respectively. These brightness variations are used to constrain the time delay between the images of UM673. From cross-correlation analysis of the A and B quasar light curves and error analysis we measure the mean time delay and its error of 89 \pm11 days. Given the input time delay of 88 days, the most probable value of the delay that can be recovered from light curves with the same statistical properties as the observed R-band light curves of UM673 is 95{+5/-16}{+14/-29} days (68 and 95 % confidence intervals). Analysis of the V - I color variations and V, R and I-band magnitude differences of the quasar images does not show clear evidence of the microlensing variations between 1998 and 2010.
description: Submitted to A&A, 11 pages, 9 figures
The DataCite Metadata Schema Through Time
Creators: name: Stathis, Kelly
name: Chen, Xiaoli
name: Cousijn, Helena
name: Puebla, Iratxe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: DataCite
Metadata Schema
Training
Research Data Alliance
Decade of Data
RDM Support & Education

description: This 1.5 hr training session will trace the history of the DataCite Metadata Schema and how it has evolved over time. In particular, it will focus on the relationship between DataCite and RDA, charting how community consensus and outputs from RDA IGs and WGs have influenced the development of the DataCite Metadata Schema and related services.
The session will provide an introduction to the DataCite Metadata Schema and highlight how it facilitates interoperability, with a deeper dive into related identifiers and SCHOLIX, the PID Graph, and persistent identifiers for instruments. The session will also inform how tools can be used to interact with DataCite services. Finally, the session ends by looking forward: what future developments there are for the DataCite Metadata Schema and our continued links to RDA through the Implementing FAIR Workflows Project and the recently approved Working with PIDs in Tools IG.
A recording of this event can be found here: https://youtu.be/6-wTf5aFRuI
Extending the physics reach of the LUX and LZ dark matter experiments by lowering the scintillation threshold
Creators: name: Marangou, Nellie
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Dark matter experiments searching for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), which are hypothesised to constitute the dark matter content of the Universe, probe other important physical processes producing very low energy (∼keV) nuclear recoils. These include the scattering of (non-WIMP) light dark matter particles and the coherent nuclear scattering of B-8 and He3-proton fusion (hep) solar neutrinos. Noble liquid dual-phase detectors, and particularly the Large Underground Xenon experiment (LUX), have placed stringent upper limits on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon scattering cross-section at masses above ∼6 GeV. LUX was located at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF), one mile underground, where it completed two successful runs between 2013 and 2016, utilising 300 kg of liquid xenon (LXe). The site will now be used by the forthcoming LUX- ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment, which is planned to start running in late 2020 and will utilise 10 tonnes of LXe. In this work we present a novel analysis technique for LXe time projection chambers (TPCs) that allows for a lower threshold by relying on events with a prompt scintillation signal consisting of single detected photons. The energy threshold of the LUX dark matter experiment was primarily determined by the smallest scintillation response detectable, which previously required a 2-fold coincidence signal in its photomultiplier arrays, enforced in data analysis. The technique presented here exploits the double photoelectron emission effect observed in some photomultiplier models at vacuum ultraviolet wavelengths. We demonstrate this analysis using an electron recoil calibration dataset and place new constraints on the spin-independent scattering cross-section of WIMPs down to 2.5 GeV WIMP mass using the 2013 LUX dataset. This new technique is promising to enhance light WIMP and astrophysical neutrino searches in next-generation liquid xenon experiments. To this end, we investigate the possible improvement in sensitivity brought about by applying this technique in LZ.
The Tomaraho Conception of the Sky
Creators: name: Sequera, Guillermo
name: Gangui, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The small community of the Tomaraho, an ethnic group culturally derived from the Zamucos, became known in the South American and world anthropological scenario in recent times. This group, far from the banks of the Paraguay river, remained concealed from organized modern societies for many years. Like any other groups of people in close contact with nature, the Tomaraho developed a profound and rich world view which parallels other more widely researched aboriginal cultures as well as showing distinctive features of their own. This is also apparent in their imagery of the sky and of the characters that are closely connected with the celestial sphere. This paper is based on the lengthy anthropological studies of G. Sequera. We have recently undertaken a project to carry out a detailed analysis of the different astronomical elements present in the imagined sky of the Tomaraho and other Chamacoco ethnic groups. We will briefly review some aspects of this aboriginal culture: places where they live, regions of influence in the past, their linguistic family, their living habits and how the advancement of civilization affected their culture and survival. We will later mention the fieldwork carried out for decades and some of the existing studies and publications. We will also make a brief description of the methodology of this work and special anthropological practices. Last but not least, we will focus on the Tomaraho conception of the sky as well as describe the research work we have been doing in recent times.
description: published in Archaeoastronomy and ethnoastronomy: Building bridges between cultures (Oxford IX - IAUS 278), Clive Ruggles (ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Rotary-axial spindles for precision machining
Creators: name: Paone, Matthew Paul
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis presents the design, analysis, fabrication, instrumentation, and control of a new type of machine tool spindle. Its primary contributions include the design and experimental demonstration of: two rotary-axial spindle prototypes, MIMO current control for a 1 kW linear power amplifier, sensorless rotary motion feedback, a novel method for increasing ADC resolution, and loop-shaping motion control systems. Some machining operations, such as face grinding, require rotational and feed motion to remove material. Conventional machine tools accomplish this by attaching a spindle which has thrust and journal support to a feed drive which also has thrust and lateral support systems. In modern machine design, the trend is towards increasing the stiffness of each individual element. However, the inherent serial duplication of support presents a fundamental limitation to stiffness and precision. The rotary-axial spindle architecture alleviates this problem by discarding the feed drive and spindle thrust bearing, replacing them both with a high force electromagnetic actuator. This provides millimeter range stroke for the spindle shaft, resulting in a single inertial element capable of both rotary and axial motion. This topology has several advantages. It allows kHz range bandwidth and hundreds of N/μm dynamic stiffness, improves acceleration, reduces structural bending moments, and eliminates thermal effects of fluid thrust bearings. Two prototypes are developed to demonstrate this technology. The first is a small scale rotary-axial spindle. Driven by a four-channel 1 kW linear power amplifier with decoupled current loops, the magnetic thrust bearing can handle 600 N peak axial loads over a 1 mm stroke. A novel method for increasing ADC resolution achieves sub-5 nm RMS positioning noise. Loop shaping compensation of the position loop results in 100 N/μm minimum dynamic stiffness and 2.6 kHz closed loop bandwidth. To control the spindle speed, a sensorless rotary motion feedback algorithm was developed. It produces results equivalent to a 1000 line rotary encoder. The second prototype is a full size machine tool. It demonstrated 6 kN continuous axial load capacity, 340 N/μm minimum dynamic stiffness, 800 Hz bandwidth, and 7 nm RMS positioning noise over a 1.5 mm stroke.
High-field MRI of articular cartilage: implications for the early diagnosis of osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Mountain, Kelsey
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biophysics--Medical
subject: Osteoarthritis
subject: Imaging
subject: Biophysics
subject: collagen

description: In osteoarthritis (OA), a disabling and painful disease, articular cartilage is unable to perform its function of resisting loads and providing joint lubrication. The cause of OA remains unknown, as is the exact progression from early biochemical changes to the complete loss of cartilage. The extracellular matrix of articular cartilage is made up of a complex arrangement of water-imbibing glycosaminoglycans (GAG) that are held together by a tensioned network of collagen fibres. Some research evidence suggests that osteoarthritic changes commence at the articular surface, and are followed by a larger scale disruption of the extracellular matrix. An in vivo test of cartilage surface integrity could be an early and sensitive test for diagnosis and for monitoring the pathogenesis of OA. The objective of this thesis was to investigate the three-dimensional architecture of articular cartilage using novel imaging techniques and apply these techniques to a model of early osteoarthritis. Several key findings are presented. To better understand the collagen component in OA, tendon was studied on MRI, as it is relatively homogeneous. While studying the large scale influences of collagen orientation on the MRI parameter T2, it was revealed that MRI has sufficient resolving power to detect microscopic changes in collagen orientation (collagen crimp). Healthy articular cartilage was then used to develop specific imaging and microscopy techniques to assess and monitor the structure of the articular surface. Finally, T2 mapping and polarized light microscopy were applied to an animal model of early osteoarthritis, where they revealed notable changes in collagen organization at the articular surface in diseased samples. These studies contribute to the current understanding of articular cartilage structure in health and disease, and support the hypothesis that disruption of the articular surface is one of the initiating factors in osteoarthritis.
Language Documentation Data and Creative Commons Licenses
Creators: name: Susan Kung
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: linguistics
language documentation
creative commons licence
language data

description: Language Documentation Data and Creative Commons Licenses

Susan Kung

Presented 7 October 2022 at the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities at the Conference Where Do We Need to Go From Here? - Language Documentation and Archiving,  in the UNESCO International Decade of Indigenous Languages
Magnetic effects on dust charging and dynamics in plasmas
Creators: name: Simons, Luke
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: This thesis documents the analytical and computational models developed for the purpose of understanding the influence of magnetic fields on dust behaviour in tokamak plasmas, vital for the safe and stable operation of future devices. The Monte Carlo code Dust in Magnetised Plasmas (DiMPl) designed to investigate the influence of magnetic fields on dust rotation and charging is presented. Comparisons of DiMPl with other simulation results revealed a surprising insensitivity to the form of the potential and the collisionality of the plasma for the purposes of determining the equilibrium potential and net surface current for dust smaller than the Debye length. The dependence of the normalised potential on the temperature ratio, flow speed, dust size and magnetic field strength was explored and used to constrain a semi-empirical model for the plasma currents, suitable for implementation in dust tracking codes. Simulations of the rotational dynamics of dust due to the collection of angular momentum revealed the importance of electrons at weak magnetic field strengths. These results and analytic estimates explain experimental observations in low temperature discharges of dust rotating anti-parallel to the magnetic field at $\sim$100Hz. These improved models were incorporated into DTOKS-U and compared with fast-camera observations of carbon dust transport in DIII-D and breakup of molten tungsten observed over 103 discharges in JET. Both the importance of the strike point for limiting dust transport in DIII-D and the rotational breakup mechanism responsible for the observations in JET were identified. These results suggest that the higher magnetic fields, plasma temperatures and densities of ITER will alter charging but also enhance the breakup process, protecting the core plasma from acute impurity deposition, providing significant operational benefits.
THE USE OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRESCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM
Creators: name: Azizova, Ziroatxon
name: Kenjaboyeva, Sayyora
name: Abdunazarova, Muxsina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The pedagogical process aimed at ensuring the comprehensive development of children in preschool educational organizations is complex, but at the same time colorful. In achieving educational effectiveness, it is necessary to properly organize each type of activity in preschool educational organizations. This article describes the use of modern technologies in preschool educational organizations, and their effectiveness.
On the point source approximation of nearby cosmic-ray sources
Creators: name: Thoudam, Satyendra
name: Hörandel, Jörg R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we check in detail the validity of the widely adopted point source approximation for nearby cosmic-ray (CR) sources. Under an energy independent escape model for CRs from the sources, we show that for young nearby sources, the point source approximation breaks down at lower energies and the CR spectrum depends on the size and the morphology of the source. When applied to the nearby supernova remnants (SNRs), we find that the approximation breaks down for some of the individual remnants like the Vela, but interestingly it still holds good for their combined total spectrum at the Earth. Moreover, we also find that the results obtained under this simple approximation are quite different from those calculated under an energy dependent escape model which is favored by diffusive shock acceleration models inside SNRs. Our study suggests that if SNRs are the main sources of CRs in our Galaxy, then the commonly adopted point source model (with an energy independent escape scenario) appears flawed for CR studies from the nearby SNRs.
description: 14 pages, To appear in MNRAS
QUANTUM EFFECTS IN EXCITON TRANSPORT AND INTERACTION IN MOLECULAR AGGREGATES
Creators: name: Kumar, Sarath
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 510203
subject: Nonlinear optics and spectroscopy
classificationCode: 340606
subject: Photochemistry

description: Long-range exciton transport, when coupled with reduced exciton-exciton annihilation (EEA), is pivotal for the enhanced performance of organic photovoltaics and the efficiency of natural light-harvesting systems. This thesis explores strategies to optimize exciton transport and EEA rates in molecular materials by manipulating the quantum nature of excitons, particularly exciton delocalization. In addition, we also aim to understand factors limiting the transport of delocalized excitons within molecular materials. To this end, self-assembled perylene diimide (PDI) molecular aggregates are ideal candidates for this study due to their conducive properties for engineering exciton delocalization. Chapter 1 establishes a fundamental understanding of exciton delocalization, outlining strategies to tune this phenomenon within PDI aggregates and presenting the open questions this thesis addresses. Chapter 2 details the synthesis of PDI aggregates and delineates the spectroscopic techniques used for characterization, including steady-state absorption and emission, transient photoluminescence (PL), and transient absorption spectroscopy. It also describes the microscopy methods implemented to visualize exciton transport, such as transient PL microscopy and transient absorption microscopy (TAM). Chapter 3 introduces the thesis's primary theme: the suppression of exciton-exciton annihilation (EEA) in molecular aggregates through quantum interference. This chapter demonstrates that the spatial phase relationship of delocalized excitons is crucial in EEA, with band bottom excitons in H aggregates exhibiting an oscillating spatial phase relationship displaying a coherent suppression of EEA. Chapter 4 discusses how coupling to static and dynamic disorder affects coherent exciton propagation. High spatial and temporal resolution TAM experiments, along with temperature-dependent studies, help disentangle the contributions of static and dynamic disorder to exciton transport. Chapter 5 delves into the concept of band shape engineering, whereby the microscopic electronic couplings within PDI aggregates are fine-tuned by altering the packing motifs to regulate exciton transport. Through low-temperature TAM experiments, this chapter illustrates how the interplay between long-range Coulombic and short-range charge transfer electronic couplings can determine exciton bandwidth and influence the coherent propagation of excitons. Chapter 6 provides a summary of the work and discusses future directions, paving the way for continued exploration in the field of exciton transport and interaction in molecular aggregates.
Pneumatic compression devices during hemodialysis
Creators: name: Tai, Davina Julia
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Surgery
subject: Hemodialysis
subject: Dialysis
subject: Central Blood Volume
subject: ESRD
subject: Intradialytic Hypotension
subject: Pneumatic Compression Devices
subject: Hemodynamics

description: Hemodynamic stability during hemodialysis requires maintenance of central blood volume (CBV), which pneumatic compression devices (PCDs) may help preserve. We performed a randomized crossover trial to determine the effect of PCDs on CBV during hemodialysis. Fifty-one patients were randomized to begin the first of two hemodialysis sessions with or without PCDs. The median change in CBV for PCDs vs control was -0.08 vs -0.05L (p=0.62). There was no difference in change in cardiac output (-0.63 vs -0.49L/min, p=0.78) or systemic vascular resistance (+1.30 vs +1.55mmHg/L/min, p=0.67) for PCDs vs control. There was a greater reduction in total body water (-2.6 vs -2.3L, p=0.05) and intracellular fluid volume (-1.3 vs -1.1L, p=0.03), with no difference in extracellular fluid volume (-1.3 vs -1.2L, p=0.09) for PCDs vs control. Compared with standard of care, PCDs have no effect on intradialytic hemodynamic parameters, including CBV, although they may allow greater capacity for fluid removal.
The nature of infants' early shape bias : the role of kind concepts, object domain, and learning
Creators: name: Dewar, Kathryn Megan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The studies in this thesis address two central issues that remain unresolved in the developmental literature. The first issue concerns the question of whether infants’ earliest object labels refer to distinct shapes or distinct kinds (Study One and Two). The second issue concerns the question of the origin of infants’ early linguistic sensitivity to shape, that is, identifying the potential mechanism through which a ‘shape bias’ may be learned (Study Three). All three studies employ the violation of expectancy looking-time method. Study One examined whether infants expect labels for objects in different domains to have different perceptual correlates or whether they have a general expectation that object labels refer to distinct shapes. Infants were presented with food objects: an object domain in which shape is not the primary perceptual correlate of kind. The findings indicate that when the labeled objects are food, both 9- and 12-month-olds demonstrate some color sensitivity and, moreover, infants do not expect food objects differing in shape to be marked by distinct labels. These findings provide evidence that, for infants, distinct labels do not solely correspond to distinct shapes. Study Two examined infants’ expectations about internal properties of labeled objects (as opposed to external object properties, such as, shape). Findings indicate that 10-month-olds are able to use linguistic information (the number of distinct object labels applied to an object pair) in order to predict whether a particular pair of objects should make the same sound or different sounds, regardless of the object pairs’ perceptual similarity or dissimilarity. These findings suggest that infants hold kind-relevant expectations about labeled objects. Study Three examined whether 9-month-olds (the youngest age group to demonstrate a shape sensitivity in their linguistic expectations) were capable of forming overhypotheses across feature variability. An overhypothesis is a second-order induction: it allows a learner to make predictions about an entire category based on evidence from only a few category members. Findings indicate that 9-month-olds are able to form overhypotheses flexibly, over multiple property dimensions. These results suggest that infants have at their disposal a powerful learning mechanism capable of supporting the formation of strong inductive inferences.