Syneches annulipes Bezzi
Creators: name: Menezes, Isis Sá
name: Ale-Rocha, Rosaly
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Hybotidae
Syneches
Syneches annulipes

description: Syneches annulipes Bezzi
(Figs 17–18, 118)
Syneches annulipes Bezzi, 1909: 316; Collin, 1933: 28 (citation); Smith, 1967: 9 (catalog); Rafael & Ale-Rocha, 1995: 536 (review); Yang et al., 2007: 306 (catalog); Ale-Rocha &Vieira, 2008: 115 (record).
Diagnosis. Small (about 2.3 mm length), dark brown to black. Ocellar triangle protuberant. Antenna brown; postpedicel round, very small, smaller than length of scape and pedicel combined; palpus brown, short, about 1/4 of proboscis in length, with 1 apical and 1 medial ventral long setae. Scutum high and pyramidal, with brown pruinescence on anterior half, gray pruinescence on posterior half, between dc setae and on scutellum. Prosternum narrow. Legs dark brown to black, except yellow apices and bases of tibiae, fore and mid tarsomeres 1–4, hind tarsomeres 2–4 and apex of hind tarsomere 1; fore femur and tibia slightly enlarged on basal half. Fore tibia with D and PV rows of slender setae. Mid tibia with 1 sub-basal AD, 1 PV and 1 apical AV seta. Hind femur with 4 stronger and long AV setae. Hind tibia with 1 AD seta before middle; 1 apical PD; 1 short apical AV, yellow and robust, and 1 PD slender preapical. Wing hyaline with pterostigma brown, small and somewhat triangular, located at end of vein R1; veins R2+3 and R4+5 with apices slightly curved upwards.
Description. Female: As in male, except dark brown abdomen with reddish brown pruinescence; short setae, slightly longer on laterals. Terminalia (Figs 17, 18): elongate; tergite 8 rectangular, 1.4 times longer than wide; sternite 8 1.3 times longer than tergite 8, distinctly narrowed towards base on basal 2/3, with short setae, except for long and strong apical setae; cercus long and robust, about 3/4 length of tergite 10.
Material examined. BRASIL. Roraima, Pacaraima, 25.vi.–5.vii.1988, Eq. J.A. Rafael, Flor de Heliconia sp. (3 ♀, INPA); Bonfim, Ig[arapé] Arraia, Varredura, v.1991, J.A. Rafael, R.A. Rocha, J. Vidal, Comparado com o tipo, Syneches annulipes, Det. R. Ale-Rocha (1 ♂, INPA); Amazonas, Tabatinga, 13–17.i.1992, J. Vidal & Lílian, Varredura, Syneches annulipes, Det. Ale-Rocha, 1999 (1 ♂, INPA); S[anta] Izabel [do] R[io] Negro, Maturacá, 11– 13.x.1990, Arm[adilha] Malaise, J.A. Rafael (3 ♀, INPA); Manaus, PDBFF /WWF, Proj[eto]: Bert Klein, ix.1985, Malaise, Reserva 1112 (1 ♂, INPA); R[eserva] Campina, BR-174, KM 60, 17.vi.1993, Varredura, J. Vidal (2 ♂, INPA); C[ampus] Univ[ersitário], vii.1979, Malaise, J.A. Rafael (1 ♂, 1 ♀, INPA); Pará, Rio Nhamundá, 01°35'11''S 57°37'30''W, 17–20.v.2008, R.A. Rocha e equipe, Arm[adilha] Suspensa, septo amarelo (1 ♂, INPA); Mato Grosso, West border, 31.v, R.S.C. Shannon, USNM 2053223 (1 ♂, USNM).
Geographical distribution. Bolivia, Brazil (Amazonas, Pará*, Roraima*, Mato Grosso*) (Fig. 118).
Comments. Some specimens have wing sub-hyaline with little infuscation at the end of vein R2+3, or with pterostigma almost inconspicuous, probably because they have been in alcohol. This species is similar to small species with pyramidal scutum, S. angulatus sp. nov., S. bilobatus sp. nov., S. maculosum sp. nov., S. obeliscus, S. pyramidatus and S. vidali; however, it can be differentiated from them as follows: small triangular pterostigma in the end of R1 and vein R2+3 with apex slightly curved upwards; postpedicel rounded and small, smaller than combined length of scape and pedicel; rectangular hypandrium with apex slightly rounded and a couple of medial apical setae as long as visible portion of phallus; phallus elongate with thin apex and small sclerotized lateral protuberances.
description: Published as part of Menezes, Isis Sá & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2016, Revision of the Amazonian species of Syneches Walker (Diptera, Hybotidae, Hybotinae), pp. 401-442 in Zootaxa 4103 (5) on pages 408-409, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4103.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267788