Synopeas russelli MacGown & Evans, 2003, n. sp.
Creators: name: MacGown, M. W.
name: Evans, G. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Platygastridae
Synopeas
Synopeas russelli

description: Synopeas russelli MacGown, n. sp.
Female (Figs.1-6, 10,11). Length: 1.86 mm.
Diagnosis
This species represents an extreme form in Synopeas because of its very tall and laterally compressed metasoma; the large, pendulous mandibles; smoothly rounded scutellum; and apically curved spurs of the second and third tibiae.
Description
Color: Head, mesosoma and metasoma black; legs reddish brown with very dark, blackish coxae and trochanters; tarsi somewhat lighter reddish brown; antennae black except dark reddish brown pedicel, (antennomere II, or A-II), A-III and A-IV.
Head (Figs. 1,3,10). Slightly narrower than mesosoma at the widest point across the mesoscutum (30:32 ocular divisions), thoroughly reticulate, the vertex with a finely crested ridge and very light transverse aciculation at the center; ocelli arranged in a flattened triangle, the lateral ocelli separated from the ocular margins by only slightly more than their own diameter; back of the head with numerous small white setae; face somewhat elongate, bulging in front, thoroughly reticulate with fine aciculation over the antennal bases and interantennal process; eyes narrow in front view, with tiny whitish setae; malar space long; interantennal process almost sharply pointed, reflexed around the edges.
Antennae (Fig. 2). Scape long and slim, incrassate, notched apically; A-III to A-IV slender, A-IV elongate, A-V and A-VI minute, subtriangular, A-VII to A-X quadrate to transverse, enlarged into a club (see Table 1 for measurements); A-VII to A-X with large, projecting finger-like sensilla, and usually with pairs of tiny linear sensilla at a corner of the apex. The latter sensilla have not previously been reported in the Platygastrinae; however Viggiani and Mazzone (1982) reported their occurrence in Amitus, a sceliotrachine platygastrid.
Mesosoma (Figs. 4,5,6). Robust, pronotal sides, dorsal plate, and mesoscutum thoroughly reticulate and shining; dorsal plate of the pronotum delineated by sharp lateral carinae, which may be referred to as the "epomia"; mesopleura and metapleura smooth and shining; the latter with short, transverse wrinkles below the wing bases; metapleura with thick long white setae, especially clustered in a patch at the hind margins. Scutellum short in dorsal view, steeply sloping downward in back, without a spine, instead with a thin, transparent apical keel; notaulices shallow, fading at the anterior third, the apex of the mid lobe truncated in front of the scutellum; admedian lines also faintly indicated on the anterior third; mesoscutum rather evenly covered with short white setae that are separated from each other by about one to three times their own length. Propodeum visible in top view mainly as a pair of closely approximated or partially fused keels that continue from the scutellar keel, otherwise covered with dense white pubescence and not visible except for a thin transverse dorsal strip behind the metanotum.
Wings (Figs. 5,11). Not reaching the tip of the metasoma, clear but with a milky cast, the marginal fringe of the forewing very short and uniform, the hind wing with a fringe of long setae on the hind margin.
Legs (Figs 12, 13). Tibiae somewhat swollen apically, especially in the hind leg; strigilis of the front tibia pectinate on the outside, with a peculiar triangular tooth -like structure internally; long spur of the second and hind tibiae curved at the tip, both middle and hind tibiae with several small apical spurs or spines (not clearly differentiated) intermixed with the large ones.
Metasoma (Figs 4,5). Very compressed laterally and flea -like, thus the common name which is introduced, the dorsal arc very smooth and shining, the rest also shining but more or less covered with longitudinal aciculation; tergites I and II fused, tergite II deeper below the lateral line than above, covered with white pubescence at the base; last four tergites narrowing to a triangular tip, with sparsely scattered setae and some faint microreticulation.
Male (Figs. 7-9). Similar to the female but with a cylindrical, ovoid metasoma, not compressed laterally; wings extending a little beyond the apex of the metasoma; legs variably medium to dark brown, darkest toward the tips, the hind legs very dark; antennae (Fig. 8) filiform, some of the antennomeres with the same tiny linear sensilla as found on the female club, antennomeres thickly clothed with long, erect whitish setae; A-III small, campanulate, A-IV larger and cylindrical, A-V to A-X filiform.
Average body length of ten females = 2.04 mm, s =.130 mm Average body length of ten males = 1.65 mm, s =.147 mm
Specimens examined and deposition
Holotype female. USA, Florida, Orange County, Orlando, University of Central Florida campus, 7.xi.1997, S. M. Fullerton collector, from Malaise trap in sand pine and turkey oak forest, UCFC no. 0 024 995, deposited in the Florida State Collection of Arthropods (FSCA), Gainesville, Florida; allotype male (UCFC no 0 025 018), same collection as holotype female, in FSCA; paratypes - 11 females and 3 males, same collection as holotype; 31 females and 45 males, USA, Florida, Orange County, Orlando, 23.ix.1998, P. Russell and S. Fullerton, swept from Chrysopsis scabrella, deposited in the U.S. National Museum of Natural History (USNM), Washington, DC; University of Central Florida, Orlando; and the Canadian National Collection, Ottawa, Canada.
Etymology
This species is named in honor of Phillip Russell who collected it.
Discussion
Synopeas russelli is similar to the European species, Synopeas hyllus (Walker, 1836), a senior synonym of S. figitiformis Thomson, 1860 according to Buhl (1998), and S. rhanis (Walker, 1836). However, these species have the metasoma wider (in top view), and not as tall (in lateral view). In addition, Synopeas rhanis has a spine at the apex of the scutellum; whereas the scutellum of the new species lacks the apical spine but slopes downward posteriorly. In Synopeas hyllus, the scutellar spine is absent and the top portion of the scutellum is microcrenulate or serrate posteriorly, and sternite II is smooth. Of the 28 Synopeas species described from the Nearctic, Synopeas russelli is the most morphologically similar to Synopeas longiventre (Ashmead, 1893) but the latter species has a small spine at the posterior apex of the scutellum, and the metasoma is far less compressed and not as tall as in the new species.
description: Published as part of MacGown, M. W. & Evans, G. A., 2003, A new platygastrid wasp from Florida (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae)., pp. 1-7 in Zootaxa 320 on pages 2-6