cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multivariate Approaches to Classification in Extragalactic Astronomy
Creators: name: Fraix-Burnet, Didier
name: Thuillard, Marc
name: Chattopadhyay, Asis Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Clustering objects into synthetic groups is a natural activity of any science. Astrophysics is not an exception and is now facing a deluge of data. For galaxies, the one-century old Hubble classification and the Hubble tuning fork are still largely in use, together with numerous mono-or bivariate classifications most often made by eye. However, a classification must be driven by the data, and sophisticated multivariate statistical tools are used more and more often. In this paper we review these different approaches in order to situate them in the general context of unsupervised and supervised learning. We insist on the astrophysical outcomes of these studies to show that multivariate analyses provide an obvious path toward a renewal of our classification of galaxies and are invaluable tools to investigate the physics and evolution of galaxies.
description: Open Access paper. http://www.frontiersin.org/milky\_way\_and\_galaxies/10.3389/fspas.2015.00003/abstract\>. \<10.3389/fspas.2015.00003 \>
Development of a Software Tool for Rapid STOP Analysis of Distorted Mirrors
Creators: name: Bloss, Meredith
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: reflecting telescopes
multiple mirror telescopes

description: It is impossible to build a perfect optical system. Structural, thermal, optical performance analysis, or STOP analysis, evaluates the effects of the environment on an optical system. The Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory is developing a tool to complete such an analysis quickly, but it cannot account for effects that cause the mirror surface to distort or imperfect mirrors. The purpose of this new software tool is to allow for rapid mirror design and specification, while including the effects of mirror distortion. The ability to visualize the final image that the imperfect system produces can aid in both the design and specification of optical systems. This makes it possible to compare optical performance between different instruments and different conditions in a way that is more representative of the actual system. The new tool expands the Optometrika MATLAB library for use with finite element analysis results. The software tool finds the focal distance and focused image for both the undistorted and distorted mirror. It can additionally provide a surface mapping of angular displacements on the distorted mirror surface as compared to the non-distorted mirror. Preliminary testing with real and simulated mirror data suggests that the tool is feasible for use in mirror design and for future integration into the complete suite of tools SAO is developing.
title: Magnetic resonance imaging contribution in the characterization of parotid tumors
Creators: name: Triki, Riadh
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Salivary glands
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Screening
subject: Statistics
subject: Neoplasia

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Parotid tumors are uncommon neoplasms. They account for about 3% of all head and neck tumors and 80% of salivary tumors.80%-85% of all parotid neoplasms are benign and 15%-20% are malignant. Most of these tumors, whether benign or malignant, grow...
Non-parametric methods for Longitudinal cognitive diagnosis: Based on the links of knowledge state of the students and the ideal response pattern 纵向非参数认知诊断评估
Creators: name: Zheng, TianPeng
name: Zhou, Wenjie
name: Guo, Lei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Educational psychology
Testing, assessment and psychometrics
Psychological methodology, design and analysis

description: This online resource is an R code of the 4 specific Longitudinal cognitive diagnosis model [Longitudinal non-parametric classification (LNPC), Longitudinal weighted non-parametric classification(LWNPC), Longitudinal generalized non-parametric classification(LGNPC) and Longitudinal weighted generalized non-parametric classification (LWGNPC)].  Users can use this code to obtain the estimation of Longitudinal cognitive diagnosis model to get the KS of students.
(101973) George Salusbury Williams
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Skew ray tracing in a step-index optical fiber using Geometric Algebra
Creators: name: Ang, Angeleene
name: Sugon, Quirino M.
name: McNamara, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used Geometric Algebra to compute the paths of skew rays in a cylindrical, step-index multimode optical fiber. To do this, we used the vector addition form for the law of propagation, the exponential of an imaginary vector form for the law of refraction, and the juxtaposed vector product form for the law of reflection. In particular, the exponential forms of the vector rotations enables us to take advantage of the addition or subtraction of exponential arguments of two rotated vectors in the derivation of the ray tracing invariants in cylindrical and spherical coordinates. We showed that the light rays inside the optical fiber trace a polygonal helical path characterized by three invariants that relate successive reflections inside the fiber: the ray path distance, the difference in axial distances, and the difference in the azimuthal angles. We also rederived the known generalized formula for the numerical aperture for skew rays, which simplifies to the standard form for meridional rays.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. This paper is currently being processed in Applied Optics. The Early Posting Version of the paper can be found at the following URL on the OSA website: http://www.opticsinfobase.org/ao/upcoming_pdf.cfm?id=231285. Systematic or multiple reproduction or distribution to multiple locations via electronic or other means is prohibited and is subject to penalties under law
Detection of acute infections during HIV testing in North Carolina
Creators: name: Leone, P.A.
name: McPherson, J.T.
name: Williams, D.
name: Pilcher, C.D.
name: Hightow, L.
name: Foust, E.
name: ODowd, J.O.
name: Stalzer, B.
name: Wolf, L.
name: Cohen, M.S.
name: Eron Jr., J.J.
name: Miller, W.C.
name: Fiscus, S.A.
name: Nguyen, T.Q.
name: Ashby, R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: BACKGROUND: North Carolina has added nucleic acid amplification testing for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to standard HIV antibody tests to detect persons with acute HIV infection who are viremic but antibody-negative. METHODS: To determine the effect of nucleic acid amplification testing on the yield and accuracy of HIV detection in public health practice, we conducted a 12-month observational study of methods for state-funded HIV testing. We compared the diagnostic performance of standard HIV antibody tests (i.e., enzyme immunoassay and Western blot analysis) with an algorithm whereby serum samples that yielded negative results on standard antibody tests were tested again with the use of nucleic acid amplification. A surveillance algorithm with repeated sensitive-less-sensitive enzyme immunoassay tests was also evaluated. HIV infection was defined as a confirmed positive result on a nucleic acid amplification test or as HIV antibody seroconversion. RESULTS: Between November 1,2002, and October 31,2003,109,250 persons at risk for HIV infection who had consented to HIV testing presented at state-funded sites. There were 606 HIV-positive results. Established infection, as identified by standard enzyme immunoassay or Western blot analysis, appeared in 583 participants; of these, 107 were identified, with the use of sensitive-less-sensitive enzyme immunoassay tests, as recent infections. A total of 23 acutely infected persons were identified only with the use of the nucleic acid amplification algorithm. With all detectable infections taken into account, the sensitivity of standard antibody testing was 0.962 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.944 to 0.976). There were two false positive results on nucleic acid amplification tests. The specificity and positive predictive value of the algorithm that included nucleic acid amplification testing were greater than 0.999 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.999 to >0.999) and 0.997 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.988 to >0.999), respectively. Of the 23 acute HIV infections, 16 were detected at sexually transmitted disease clinics. Emergency measures for HIV prevention protected 48 sex partners and one fetus from high-risk exposure to HIV. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of nucleic acid amplification testing to an HIV testing algorithm significantly increases the identification of cases of infection without impairing the performance of diagnostic testing. The detection of highly contagious, acutely infected persons creates new opportunities for HIV surveillance and prevention.
SIMP model at NNLO in chiral perturbation theory
Creators: name: Hansen, Martin
name: Langaeble, Kasper
name: Sannino, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the phenomenological viability of a recently proposed class of composite dark matter models where the relic density is determined by 3 to 2 number-changing processes in the dark sector. Here the pions of the strongly interacting field theory constitute the dark matter particles. By performing a consistent next-to-leading and next-to-next-to-leading order chiral perturbative investigation we demonstrate that the leading order analysis cannot be used to draw conclusions about the viability of the model. We further show that higher order corrections substantially increase the tension with phenomenological constraints challenging the viability of the simplest realisation of the strongly interacting massive particle (SIMP) paradigm.
description: RevTeX, two-columns, 7 pages, 6 figures (updated to match published version)
Large Frequency Change with Thickness in Interlayer Breathing Mode - Significant Interlayer Interactions in Few Layer Black Phosphorus
Creators: name: Luo, Xin
name: Lu, Xin
name: Koon, Gavin Kok Wai
name: Neto, Antonio H. Castro
name: Özyilmaz, Barbaros
name: Xiong, Qihua
name: Quek, Su Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bulk black phosphorus (BP) consists of puckered layers of phosphorus atoms. Few-layer BP, obtained from bulk BP by exfoliation, is an emerging candidate as a channel material in post-silicon electronics. A deep understanding of its physical properties and its full range of applications are still being uncovered. In this paper, we present a theoretical and experimental investigation of phonon properties in few-layer BP, focusing on the low-frequency regime corresponding to interlayer vibrational modes. We show that the interlayer breathing mode A3g shows a large redshift with increasing thickness; the experimental and theoretical results agreeing well. This thickness dependence is two times larger than that in the chalcogenide materials such as few-layer MoS2 and WSe2, because of the significantly larger interlayer force constant and smaller atomic mass in BP. The derived interlayer out-of-plane force constant is about 50% larger than that in graphene and MoS2. We show that this large interlayer force constant arises from the sizable covalent interaction between phosphorus atoms in adjacent layers, and that interlayer interactions are not merely of the weak van der Waals type. These significant interlayer interactions are consistent with the known surface reactivity of BP, and have been shown to be important for electric-field induced formation of Dirac cones in thin film BP.
description: Nano Letters, 2015
title: Optimal imaging method for separation of Pulmonary Artery (PA) and Pulmonary Vein (PV) - Comparison between a Spiral Flow Tube versus a Conventional Tube
Creators: name: MURAMATSU, SHUN
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Pulmonary vessels
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Venous access
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: 1. 3D-CTA is useful for preoperative simulation of VATS surgery. Positional relationship between pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein and bronchi is important information. Therefore, it is desirable that the pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein are...
Abacavir, efavirenz, didanosine, with or without hydroxyurea, in HIV-infected adults failing initial nucleoside/protease inhibitor-containing regimens
Creators: name: Berger, D.S.
name: Pobiner, B.F.
name: Mildvan, D.
name: Snidow, J.W.
name: Schleupner, C.
name: Woodward, W.C.
name: Cohen, C.J.
name: Swindells, S.
name: Pakes, G.E.
name: Becker, S.
name: Eron, J.
name: Hernandez, J.E.
name: Green, S.
name: Seekins, D.
name: Cooley, T.P.
name: Richmond, G.
name: Paar, D.
name: Liao, Q.
name: Tashima, K.T.
name: Pearce, D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Background: Hydroxyurea (HU) is an immunomodulatory agent that has been documented to enhance the antiretroviral activity of nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, such as abacavir (ABC) and didanosine (ddI), and would be expected to improve virologic efficacy. Methods: A 48-week, phase IV, multicenter, open-label, proof-of-concept clinical trial was conducted to evaluate second-line, protease inhibitor (PI)-sparing therapy with ABC/efavirenz (EFV)/ddl plus HU or without HU in HIV-infected subjects failing to achieve HIV-1 RNA â‰¤ 400 copies/mL after â‰¥ 16 weeks of treatment with lamivudine /zidovudine or lamivudine/stavudine, plus 1 or 2 Pls. Subjects were assigned to ABC (300 mg twice daily)/ EFV (600 mg once daily)/ ddI (400 mg once daily) plus HU (500 mg twice daily) (n = 30) or this regimen without HU (n = 24). Results: Baseline mean HIV-1 RNA was 3.86 log10 copies/mL and CD4+ cell count was 345 cells/mm3. A similar percentage of subjects in the non-HU arm (58%) and HU arm (53%) completed the study. Intent-to-treat: missing = failure analysis showed no differences in proportions of subjects in the non-HU and HU arms achieving undetectable plasma HIV-1 RNA levels at week 24 (<400 copies/mL: 58% [14/24] vs 57% [17/30], P = 0.899; <50 copies/mL (50% [12/24] vs 47% [14/30], P = 0.780). Median change from baseline in CD4+ cell count in the non-HU and HU arms at week 48 was +114 cells/mm3 and -63 cells/mm3 (P = 0.007), respectively. Both regimens were generally well tolerated, although more subjects in the HU arm withdrew prematurely from the study due to adverse events (23% vs 4%). Four cases of possible ABC-related hypersensitivity were observed. Conclusion: ABC/EFV/ddI was an effective and well-tolerated second-line regimen for nucleoside/PI-experienced HIV-infected subjects. The addition of HU blunted the CD4+ cell response, did not appear to enhance antiviral activity, and resulted in more treatment-limiting adverse events.
Experimental studies of pedestrian flows under different boundary conditions
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun
name: Seyfried, Armin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article the dynamics of pedestrian streams in four different scenarios are compared empirically to investigate the influence of boundary conditions on it. The Voronoi method, which allows high resolution and small fluctuations of measured density in time and space, is used to analyze the experiments. It is found that pedestrian movement in systems with different boundary conditions (open, periodic boundary conditions and outflow restrained) presents various characteristics especially when the density is larger than 2 m-2. In open corridor systems the specific flow increases continuously with increasing density till 4 m-2. The specific flow keeps constant in systems with restrained outflow, whereas it decreases from 1 (m.s)-1 to zero in system with closed periodical condition.
description: 6 pages, 10 figures
Beyond the Minimal Top Partner Decay
Creators: name: Serra, Javi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light top partners are the prime sign of naturalness in composite Higgs models. We explore here the possibility of non-standard top partner phenomenology. We show that even in the simplest extension of the minimal composite Higgs model, featuring an extra singlet pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson, the branching ratios of the top partners into standard channels can be significantly altered, with no substantial change in the generated Higgs potential. Together with the variety of possible final states from the decay of the pseudo-scalar singlet, this motivates more extensive analyses in the search for the top partners.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures, JHEP version
Quantum transport in ultracold atoms
Creators: name: Chien, Chih-Chun
name: Peotta, Sebastiano
name: Di Ventra, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold atoms confined by engineered magnetic or optical potentials are ideal systems for studying phenomena otherwise difficult to realize or probe in the solid state because their atomic interaction strength, number of species, density, and geometry can be independently controlled. This review focuses on quantum transport phenomena in atomic gases that mirror and oftentimes either better elucidate or show fundamental differences with those observed in mesoscopic and nanoscopic systems. We discuss significant progress in performing transport experiments in atomic gases, contrast similarities and differences between transport in cold atoms and in condensed matter systems, and survey inspiring theoretical predictions that are difficult to verify in conventional setups. These results further demonstrate the versatility offered by atomic systems in the study of nonequilibrium phenomena and their promise for novel applications.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures. A review
(101970) George Salusbury Williams
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: The faces of Juvenile Paracoccidioidomycosis
Creators: name: Ferreira Bueno, Letícia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Infection
subject: Tropical diseases

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Paracoccicidioidomycosis is a fungical granulomatous disease caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, which is considered the most important systemic mycosis in Latin America, being endemic in Brazil. If not diagnosed and treated promptly, this...
Emulating a trial of joint dynamic strategies: An application to monitoring and treatment of HIV-positive individuals
Creators: name: Boswell, S.L.
name: Miro, J.M.
name: Crane, H.
name: Alejos, B.
name: Meyer, L.
name: Costagliola, D.
name: Egger, M.
name: Moore, R.D.
name: Reiss, P.
name: Grinsztejn, B.
name: van Sighem, A.
name: Justice, A.
name: Bucher, H.C.
name: Sabin, C.
name: Mathews, W.C.
name: Abgrall, S.
name: Touloumi, G.
name: Gill, J.
name: Napravnik, S.
name: Seage III, G.R.
name: Phillips, A.
name: Seng, R.
name: Logan, R.
name: Furrer, H.
name: Jarran, I.
name: Hernan, M.A.
name: Saag, M.
name: Porter, K.
name: Muga, R.
name: Mugavero, M.J.
name: Eron, J.J.
name: Drozd, D.R.
name: Deeks, S.G.
name: Hernandez-DiÂ­az, S.
name: Le Marec, F.
name: Pacheco, A.
name: Robins, J.M.
name: Ferrer, E.
name: Bonnet, F.
name: Caniglia, E.C.
name: Tate, J.
name: Jose, S.
name: Cain, L.E.
name: Casabona, J.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Year: 2019

description: Decisions about when to start or switch a therapy often depend on the frequency with which individuals are monitored or tested. For example, the optimal time to switch antiretroviral therapy depends on the frequency with which HIV-positive individuals have HIV RNA measured. This paper describes an approach to use observational data for the comparison of joint monitoring and treatment strategies and applies the method to a clinically relevant question in HIV research: when can monitoring frequency be decreased and when should individuals switch from a first-line treatment regimen to a new regimen?. We outline the target trial that would compare the dynamic strategies of interest and then describe how to emulate it using data from HIV-positive individuals included in the HIV-CAUSAL Collaboration and the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems. When, as in our example, few individuals follow the dynamic strategies of interest over long periods of follow-up, we describe how to leverage an additional assumption: no direct effect of monitoring on the outcome of interest. We compare our results with and without the Ã¢â‚¬Å“no direct effectÃ¢â‚¬Â assumption. We found little differences on survival and AIDS-free survival between strategies where monitoring frequency was decreased at a CD4 threshold of 350 cells/ÃŽÂ¼l compared with 500 cells/ÃŽÂ¼l and where treatment was switched at an HIV-RNA threshold of 1000 copies/ml compared with 200 copies/ml. The Ã¢â‚¬Å“no direct effectÃ¢â‚¬Â assumption resulted in efficiency improvements for the risk difference estimates ranging from an 7- to 53-fold increase in the effective sample size.
School Management Model of Learning Center According to the Sufficiency Economy Philosophy in Education towards Sustainable Quality Development, Ban Pak Moo School, Nong Khai Primary Educational Service Area Office 2
Creators: name: Sujitra Pongkose
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sufficiency Economy Philosophy
Management Model
Learning Center

description: Interdisciplinary Academic and Research Journal, 2, 5, 117-137
Getting through to a qubit by magnetic solitons
Creators: name: Cuccoli, Alessandro
name: Nuzzi, Davide
name: Vaia, Ruggero
name: Verrucchi, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method for acting on the spin state of a spin-1/2 localized particle, or `qubit', by means of a magnetic signal effectively generated by the nearby transit of a magnetic soliton, there conveyed through a transmission line. We first introduce the specific magnetic soliton of which we will make use, and briefly review the properties that make it apt to represent a signal. We then show that a Heisenberg spin chain can serve as transmission line, and propose a method for injecting a soliton into the chain by acting just on one of its ends. We finally demonstrate that the resulting magnetic pulse can indeed cause, just passing by the spin-1/2 localized particle embodying the qubit, a permanent change in its spin state, thus realizing the possibility of getting through to a single, localized qubit, and manipulate its state. A thorough analysis of how the overall dynamical system operates depending on the setting of its parameters demonstrates that fine tuning is not necessary as it exists an extended region in the parameters space that corresponds to an effective functioning. Moreover, we show that possible noise on the transmission line does not invalidate the scheme.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
(101971) Charlotte Williams
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: 6-week interval PET-CT in predicting end of treatment response in high grade lymphoma
Creators: name: Kumar, Raekha
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Haematologic
subject: PET-CT
subject: Health policy and practice
subject: Lymphoma

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: High grade lymphomas are potentially curable with imaging playing a crucial role in initial therapy, treatment response and detecting relapse. They are consistently FDG avid hence PET-CT is an important imaging modality allowing more accurate...
title: Mörderischer Machismo und medialer Widerstand
title: Gewalt gegen Frauen und Feminismus in Mexiko
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Mitrovic, Mirjana
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Gewalt
subject: Widerstand
subject: Geschlechtsspezifik
subject: Feminismus
subject: Medien
subject: Internet
subject: 303 Gesellschaftliche Prozesse
subject: Mexiko

description: Geschlechtsspezifische Gewalt ist ein weltweites Phänomen, auch in Mexiko gehört sie zum gesellschaftlichen Alltag. Doch mittlerweile entwickelt sich auch Widerstand dagegen. Mirjana Mitrovic berichtet über Gewalt gegen Frauen und feministischen Aktivismus in Mexiko (-Stadt).
The Intrinsic Magnetization of Antiferromagnetic Textures
Creators: name: Tveten, Erlend G.
name: Müller, Tristan
name: Linder, Jacob
name: Brataas, Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Antiferromagnets (AFMs) exhibit intrinsic magnetization when the order parameter spatially varies. This intrinsic spin is present even at equilibrium and can be interpreted as a twisting of the homogeneous AFM into a state with a finite spin. Because magnetic moments couple directly to external magnetic fields, the intrinsic magnetization can alter the dynamics of antiferromagnetic textures under such influence. Starting from the discrete Heisenberg model, we derive the continuum limit of the free energy of AFMs in the exchange approximation and explicitly rederive that the spatial variation of the antiferromagnetic order parameter is associated with an intrinsic magnetization density. We calculate the magnetization profile of a domain wall and discuss how the intrinsic magnetization reacts to external forces. We show conclusively, both analytically and numerically, that a spatially inhomogeneous magnetic field can move and control the position of domain walls in AFMs. By comparing our model to a commonly used alternative parametrization procedure for the continuum fields, we show that the physical interpretations of these fields depend critically on the choice of parametrization procedure for the discrete-to-continuous transition. This can explain why a significant amount of recent studies of the dynamics of AFMs, including effective models that describe the motion of antiferromagnetic domain walls, have neglected the intrinsic spin of the textured order parameter.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Stabilizing halide perovskite surfaces for solar cell operation with wide-bandgap lead oxysalts
Creators: name: Xiao, X.
name: Mosconi, E.
name: Gao, Y.
name: Zhao, J.
name: Fang, Y.
name: Wang, C.
name: Yu, Z.
name: Zhou, Y.
name: Huang, J.
name: De Angelis, F.
name: Chen, S.
name: Yang, S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: We show that converting the surfaces of lead halide perovskite to water-insoluble lead (II) oxysalt through reaction with sulfate or phosphate ions can effectively stabilize the perovskite surface and bulk material. These capping lead oxysalt thin layers enhance the water resistance of the perovskite films by forming strong chemical bonds. The wide-bandgap lead oxysalt layers also reduce the defect density on the perovskite surfaces by passivating undercoordinated surface lead centers, which are defect-nucleating sites. Formation of the lead oxysalt layer increases the carrier recombination lifetime and boosts the efficiency of the solar cells to 21.1%. Encapsulated devices stabilized by the lead oxysalt layers maintain 96.8% of their initial efficiency after operation at maximum power point under simulated air mass (AM) 1.5 G irradiation for 1200 hours at 65°C.
Kane model parameters and stochastic spin current
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Debashree
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin current and spin conductivity is computed through thermally driven stochastic process. By evaluating the Kramers equation and with the help of $\vec{k}.\vec{p}$ method we have studied the spin Hall scenario. Due to the thermal assistance, the Kane model parameters get modified, which consequently modulate the spin orbit coupling(SOC). This modified SOC causes the spin current to change in a finite amount.
description: 8 Pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in Solid State Communications
(101972) Charlotte Madeline Williams
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Es gibt ein Leben nach der Rente
title: Ältere Frauen zwischen Unruhestand und neuen Aufgaben
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Notz, Gisela
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Alter
subject: Frauen
subject: Familie
subject: Politik
subject: Ehrenamt
subject: Geschlechterrolle
subject: 303 Gesellschaftliche Prozesse

description: Alle reden vom Alter und von den Schwierigkeiten und Chancen, die mit dieser Lebensphase verbunden sind. Aber wer ist alt und was ist die Lage des alten Menschen?, fragt Gisela Notz und stellt fest: Es gibt sie gar nicht, »die älteren Frauen«. Denn die Probleme der Alten gibt es nicht, ebenso wenig, wie es die Probleme der Jungen gibt. Die älteren Frauen sind ebenso wenig ein monolitischer Block wie die älteren Männer. Alte sind also nicht gleich Alte.
The Discourse on Cultural Communication on Meaning, Value, Identity, Truth and Otherness: A Case of Word Formation in Administration of the Onseon Long Drum Tradition of Isaan Folklore Good
Creators: name: Bancha Bhutwanakul
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion
Year: 2022
Subjects: Onseon Long Drum
Culture Management
Isaan Tradition
Culture Communication

description: International Journal of Sociologies and Anthropologies Science Reviews, 2, 5, 21-28
Imperfections and their passivation in halide perovskite solar cells
Creators: name: Huang, J.
name: Chen, B.
name: Rudd, P.N.
name: Yuan, Y.
name: Yang, S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: All highly-efficient organic–inorganic halide perovskite (OIHP) solar cells to date are made of polycrystalline perovskite films which contain a high density of defects, including point and extended imperfections. The imperfections in OIHP materials play an important role in the process of charge recombination and ion migration in perovskite solar cells (PSC), which heavily influences the resulting device energy conversion efficiency and stability. Here we review the recent advances in passivation of imperfections and suppressing ion migration to achieve improved efficiency and highly stable perovskite solar cells. Due to the ionic nature of OIHP materials, the defects in the photoactive films are inevitably electrically charged. The deep level traps induced by particular charged defects in OIHP films are major non-radiative recombination centers; passivation by coordinate bonding, ionic bonding, or chemical conversion have proven effective in mitigating the negative impacts of these deep traps. Shallow level charge traps themselves may contribute little to non-radiative recombination, but the migration of charged shallow level traps in OIHP films results in unfavorable band bending, interfacial reactions, and phase segregation, influencing the carrier extraction efficiency. Finally, the impact of defects and ion migration on the stability of perovskite solar cells is described.
title: Junior Doctor’s Knowledge of Radiation Exposure
Creators: name: Reed, Steen
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: Education
subject: Safety
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Objective 1 What level of knowledge do junior doctors have with regards to radiation exposure of common radiological investigations? Objective 2 Can teaching sessions improve junior doctors' level of knowledge with regards to radiation...
(101974) John Vaughn Williams
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Concentration for Poisson functionals: component counts in random geometric graphs
Creators: name: Bachmann, Sascha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 60D05, Secondary 05C80, 60C05

description: Upper bounds for the probabilities $\mathbb{P}(F\geq \mathbb{E} F + r)$ and $\mathbb{P}(F\leq \mathbb{E} F - r)$ are proved, where $F$ is a certain component count associated with a random geometric graph built over a Poisson point process on $\mathbb{R}^d$. The bounds for the upper tail decay exponentially, and the lower tail estimates even have a Gaussian decay. For the proof of the concentration inequalities, recently developed methods based on logarithmic Sobolev inequalities are used and enhanced. A particular advantage of this approach is that the resulting inequalities even apply in settings where the underlying Poisson process has infinite intensity measure.
description: 26 pages, 1 figure
(101968) Percy Aylwin Tillbrook
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Burma After the Elections in 2010 : "Something Will Happen"
Creators: name: Schüssler, Sina
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Politik

description: Policy makers have assumed that the 2010 elections in Burma, though not entirely free and fair, would create a “window of opportunity”. This “window of opportunity” could lead to democracy in Burma over the medium- or long term. Yet, these exceptions are not only misleading; they also ignore the ongoing systematic human rights violations by the military junta, who targets ethnic minorities in particular.
description: Nach den Wahlen in Burma 2010 vermuteten Politiker, es würde ein "Fenster der Chancen" entstehen, obwohl die Wahlen nicht völlig frei und fair verlaufen waren. Dieses "Fenster der Chancen" könnte mittel- oder langfristig den Weg zu Demokratie in Burma weisen. Jedoch sind diese Erwartungen nicht nur irreführend, sie ignorieren auch die fortgesetzten, systematischen Menschenrechtsverletzungen der Militär-Junta, die ins Besondere auf ethnische Minderheiten zielen.
(101969) Henry Byng Tillbrook
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A finite element/neural network framework for modeling suspensions of non-spherical particles
Creators: name: Minakowska, Martyna
name: Richter, Thomas
name: Sager, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Non-spherical particles
subject: Finite element method
subject: Neural network
subject: 510.72

description: An accurate prediction of the translational and rotational motion of particles suspended in a fluid is only possible if a complete set of correlations for the force coefficients of fluid-particle interaction is known. The present study is thus devoted to the derivation and validation of a new framework to determine the drag, lift, rotational and pitching torque coefficients for different non-spherical particles in a fluid flow. The motivation for the study arises from medical applications, where particles may have an arbitrary and complex shape. Here, it is usually not possible to derive accurate analytical models for predicting the different hydrodynamic forces. The presented model is designed to be applicable to a broad range of shapes. Another important feature of the suspensions occurring in medical and biological applications is the high number of particles. The modelling approach we propose can be efficiently used for simulations of solid-liquid suspensions with numerous particles. Based on resolved numerical simulations of prototypical particles we generate data to train a neural network which allows us to quickly estimate the hydrodynamic forces experienced by a specific particle immersed in a fluid.
title: What if it wasn’t a metastasis ”The interest of T2 weighted image sequence in brain MRI”.
Creators: name: Halli, Noureddine
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Infection
subject: Cerebral palsy
subject: Cancer
subject: Physiological studies
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Biopsy
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR physics

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Show the interest of the T2 sequence in different stages of tuberculoma maturation and underline the differential diagnosis of each stage. To compare the MR signal intensity patterns of intracranial tuberculoma with their histopathologic features....
A Real Time Autofocusing Prototype for CORSAIR
Creators: name: Hsu, Alan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Solar Optical Telescopes
Coronagraphic Imaging
Infrared Spectroscopy

description: The Coronal Spectropolarimeter for Airborne Infrared Research (CORSAIR) is a balloon-borne coronagraph designed to capture spatial and spectral information in the Sun’s corona to map out its magnetic field through different wavelength filters and a thin slit plate. While there are extensive autofocusing algorithms used in optical systems on full images, not much work has been done to autofocus images with minimal information from the scene: not only are the images from CORSAIR thin slits of filtered light from the Sun, but they also contain scattered light that pollutes the existing weak signal. We developed an efficient, real time autofocusing prototype of CORSAIR that models the coronagraph and spectrometer sections of the instrument. An HgNe lamp combined with white light through a beam splitter was used to illuminate an image of the Sun’s corona, simulating the Sun’s emission lines with associated background white light. The algorithm sequentially focuses the lenses in the spectrometer followed by the lenses in the coronagraph. To focus the spectrometer we used depth from defocus methods and performed a coarse-to-fine local search over the variance of the Laplacian in the spatial domain of observed images. Likewise, to autofocus the coronagraph, we used a linear combination of discrete wavelet-based transform metrics to characterize the blurriness of the slits in the frequency domain and iteratively compute the local optima for a focused image of the corona. Results of these experiments were presented, where we compared and fine-tuned the performance of our algorithms by varying the different focus metrics of the images, search space domain, and step size to move the lenses. Future work can be done to further tune the SNR ratio from the scattered white light, as well as designing more robust focus metrics in both the spatial and frequency domains.
MIND: Modality-Informed Knowledge Distillation Framework for Multimodal Clinical Prediction Tasks
Creators: name: Guerra-Manzanares, Alejandro
name: Shamout, Farah E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multimodal fusion leverages information across modalities to learn better feature representations with the goal of improving performance in fusion-based tasks. However, multimodal datasets, especially in medical settings, are typically smaller than their unimodal counterparts, which can impede the performance of multimodal models. Additionally, the increase in the number of modalities is often associated with an overall increase in the size of the multimodal network, which may be undesirable in medical use cases. Utilizing smaller unimodal encoders may lead to sub-optimal performance, particularly when dealing with high-dimensional clinical data. In this paper, we propose the Modality-INformed knowledge Distillation (MIND) framework, a multimodal model compression approach based on knowledge distillation that transfers knowledge from ensembles of pre-trained deep neural networks of varying sizes into a smaller multimodal student. The teacher models consist of unimodal networks, allowing the student to learn from diverse representations. MIND employs multi-head joint fusion models, as opposed to single-head models, enabling the use of unimodal encoders in the case of unimodal samples without requiring imputation or masking of absent modalities. As a result, MIND generates an optimized multimodal model, enhancing both multimodal and unimodal representations. It can also be leveraged to balance multimodal learning during training. We evaluate MIND on binary and multilabel clinical prediction tasks using time series data and chest X-ray images. Additionally, we assess the generalizability of the MIND framework on three non-medical multimodal multiclass datasets. Experimental results demonstrate that MIND enhances the performance of the smaller multimodal network across all five tasks, as well as various fusion methods and multimodal architectures, compared to state-of-the-art baselines.
description: Published in Transactions on Machine Learning Research (01/2025), https://openreview.net/forum?id=BhOJreYmur¬eId=ymnAhncuez