cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lipid regulation of placental mycotoxin transport
Creators: name: Szilagyi, John Thomas
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: During pregnancy, the placental BCRP/ABCG2 efflux transporter prevents the transplacental transfer of chemicals and protects the fetus from exposure to toxicants. Prior studies have demonstrated that BCRP can transport zearalenone, an estrogenic mycotoxin produced by fungi that grows on cereal crops. However, there is little known regarding the neonatal outcomes of compromised placental BCRP function in pregnant women exposed to zearalenone. Because of its estrogenic activity, in utero exposure to zearalenone could potentially increase the risk of altered sexual development and certain cancers. The purpose of this dissertation was to determine the influence of lipids on the expression and function of placental BCRP and its impact on the placental distribution of zearalenone during pregnancy. In both in vitro transwell models of the placental barrier (Marine Darby Canine Kidney cells and BeWo trophoblasts) and in vivo experiments with C57BL/6 mice, BCRP/Bcrp prevented the maternal-to-fetal transfer of zearalenone. Anandamide, an endocannabinoid, is known to influence placental development and function and may play a role in certain diseases of pregnancy. Studies using both human term placental explants and BeWo trophoblasts revealed that anandamide can down-regulate BCRP mRNA transcription and protein expression via a CB2-cyclic AMP signaling pathway. In BeWo trophoblast cells, anandamide increased the retention of Hoechst 33342, a fluorescent BCRP substrate, and zearalenone without directly inhibiting BCRP.  Anandamide also decreased the basolateral-to-apical transport of glyburide, a BCRP substrate prescribed for gestational diabetes. Detailed analysis of human placenta specimens and BeWo trophoblasts also revealed that BCRP function is dependent on membrane cholesterol. Specifically, lipid raft isolation by density gradient ultracentrifugation demonstrated that BCRP is localized to lipid rafts in both BeWo trophoblasts and human placentas. Pre-treatment with cholesterol lowering agents pravastatin and methyl-β-cyclodextrin decreased BCRP efflux of both Hoechst 33342 and zearalenone without altering BCRP surface expression. Taken together, these data provide evidence that BCRP is important in protecting the fetus from exposure to zearalenone and that this function can be influenced by certain classes of lipids.
Trap-induced ac Zeeman shift of the thorium-229 nuclear clock frequency
Creators: name: Beloy, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the effect of a parasitic rf magnetic field, attributed to ion trapping, on the highly anticipated nuclear clock based on $^{229}$Th$^{3+}$ [C. J. Campbell et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 120802 (2012)]. The rf magnetic field induces an ac Zeeman shift to the clock frequency. As we demonstrate, this shift threatens to be the dominant systematic frequency shift for the clock, exceeding other systematic frequency shifts and the projected systematic uncertainty of the clock by orders of magnitude. We propose practical means to suppress or eliminate this shift.
description: 6 pages
A Realization of Effective SUSY with Strong Unification
Creators: name: Liu, Chun
name: Zhao, Zhen-hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A natural model of realizing the effective supersymmetry is presented. Two sets of the Standard Model-like gauge group $G_1\times G_2$ are introduced, where $G_i=SU(3)_i\times SU(2)_i\times U(1)_i$, which break diagonally to the Standard Model gauge group at the energy scale $M \sim 10^7$ GeV. Gauge couplings in $G_1$ are assumed much larger than that in $G_2$. Gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking is adopted. The first two generations (third one) are charged only under $G_1$ ($G_2$). The effective supersymmetry spectrum is obtained. How to reproduce realistic Yukawa couplings is studied. Fine-tuning for an 126 GeV Higgs is much reduced by the large $A$ term due to direct Higgs-messenger interaction. Finally, $G_2$ is found to be a non-trivial realization of the strong unification scenario in which case we can predict $α_s(M_Z)$ without real unification
description: 11 pages,references added,version to appear in PRD
Comprehensive Event Representations using Event Knowledge Graphs and Natural Language Processing
Creators: name: Kuculo, Tin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent work has utilised knowledge-aware approaches to natural language understanding, question answering, recommendation systems, and other tasks. These approaches rely on well-constructed and large-scale knowledge graphs that can be useful for many downstream applications and empower knowledge-aware models with commonsense reasoning. Such knowledge graphs are constructed through knowledge acquisition tasks such as relation extraction and knowledge graph completion. This work seeks to utilise and build on the growing body of work that uses findings from the field of natural language processing (NLP) to extract knowledge from text and build knowledge graphs. The focus of this research project is on how we can use transformer-based approaches to extract and contextualise event information, matching it to existing ontologies, to build a comprehensive knowledge of graph-based event representations. Specifically, sub-event extraction is used as a way of creating sub-event-aware event representations. These event representations are then further enriched through fine-grained location extraction and contextualised through the alignment of historically relevant quotes.
description: This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here for your personal use. Not for redistribution. The definitive Version of Record was published in Companion Proceedings of the Web Conference 2022
Generalized local-density approximation and one-dimensional finite uniform electron gases
Creators: name: Loos, Pierre-François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explicitly build a generalized local-density approximation (GLDA) correlation functional based on one-dimensional (1D) uniform electron gases (UEGs). The fundamental parameters of the GLDA \textemdash a generalization of the widely-known local-density approximation (LDA) used in density-functional theory (DFT) \textemdash are the electronic density $ρ$ and a newly-defined two-electron local parameter called the hole curvature $η$. The UEGs considered in this study are finite versions of the conventional infinite homogeneous electron gas and consist of $n$ electrons on a infinitely thin wire with periodic boundary conditions. We perform a comprehensive study of these finite UEGs at high, intermediate and low densities using perturbation theory and quantum Monte Carlo calculations. We show that the present GLDA functional yields accurate estimates of the correlation energy for both weakly and strongly correlated one-dimensional systems and can be easily generalized to higher-dimensional systems.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
Is it realistic to use microbial photosynthesis to produce electricity directly?
Creators: name: Howe, Christopher J
name: Bombelli, Paolo
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Electricity
Photosynthesis

description: It is possible to generate small amounts of electrical power directly from photosynthetic microorganisms-arguably the greenest of green energy. But will it have useful applications, and what are the hurdles if so?
Adaptive FE-BE coupling for strongly nonlinear transmission problems with friction II
Creators: name: Gimperlein, Heiko
name: Stephan, Ernst P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This article discusses the well-posedness and error analysis of the coupling of finite and boundary elements for transmission or contact problems in nonlinear elasticity. It concerns W^{1,p}-monotone Hencky materials with an unbounded stress-strain relation, as they arise in the modelling of ice sheets, non-Newtonian fluids or porous media. For 1
description: 20 pages, corrected typos and improved exposition
Posterior pole analysis and ganglion cell layer measurements in Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Un, Yasemin
name: Alpaslan, Funda
name: Dikmen, Nejla Tukenmez
name: Sonmez, Murat
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: To compare posterior pole analysis and ganglion cell layer (GCL) of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and controls. Patients diagnosed with mild and moderate AD included in the study. Posterior pole analysis and GCL measurements were investigated by dividing the macula into superior and inferior hemifields and 5 corresponding zones. There were no significant differences between groups for retinal thickness measurements in any retinal zone. GCL measurements showed lower measurements in moderate AD group for GCL thickness in the superior zone 2 (p:0.025) and inferior zone 2 (p = 0.048) compared to mild AD and controls. A moderate AD status was found to cause a decrease of 5.349 µm in the GCL-SZ2 value [p:0.037]. GCL measurements in the moderate AD group show significant thinning in superior and inferior Zone 2, which may be a biomarker for AD.
Primordial Non-Gaussianities of inflationary step-like models
Creators: name: Novaes, Camila P.
name: Benetti, Micol
name: Bernui, Armando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Minkowski Functionals to explore the presence of non-Gaussian signatures in simulated cosmic microwave background (CMB) maps. Precisely, we analyse the non-Gaussianities produced from the angular power spectra emerging from a class of inflationary models with a primordial step-like potential. This class of models are able to perform the best-fit of the low-$\ell$ `features', revealed first in the CMB angular power spectrum by the WMAP experiment and then confirmed by the Planck collaboration maps. Indeed, such models generate oscillatory features in the primordial power spectrum of scalar perturbations, that are then imprinted in the large scales of the CMB field. Interestingly, we discover Gaussian deviations in the CMB maps simulated from the power spectra produced by these models, as compared with Gaussian $Λ$CDM maps. Moreover, we also show that the kind and level of the non-Gaussianities produced in these simulated CMB maps are compatible with that found in the four foreground-cleaned Planck maps. Our results indicate that inflationary models with a step-like potential are not only able to improve the best-fit respect to the $Λ$CDM model accounting well for the `features' observed in the CMB angular power spectrum, but also suggesting a possible origin for certain non-Gaussian signatures observed in the Planck data.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Chiral Ward identities, automatic O(a) improvement and the gradient flow
Creators: name: Shindler, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-singlet chiral Ward identities for fermionic operators at positive flow-time are derived using standard techniques based on local chiral variations of the action and of local operators. The gradient flow formalism is applied to twisted mass fermions and it is shown that automatic O(a) improvement for Wilson twisted mass fermions at maximal twist is a property valid also at positive flow-time. A definition of the chiral condensate that is multiplicatively renormalizable and automatically O(a) improved is then derived.
description: 25 pages; v2: few typos corrected, one reference added, it matches the published version
Time-Optimal Universal Control of Two-Level Systems under Strong Driving
Creators: name: Avinadav, Chen
name: Fischer, Ran
name: London, Paz
name: Gershoni, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally study the time-optimal construction of arbitrary single-qubit rotations under a single strong driving field of finite amplitude. Using radiation-dressed states of nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond, we realize a strongly-driven two-level system and achieve driving frequencies four times larger than its Larmor frequency. We implement time optimal universal rotations on this system, characterize their performance using quantum process tomography, and demonstrate a dual-axis ac magnetometry sequence with pulses at sub-Larmor time scales. Our results pave the way for applying fast qubit control and high-density pulse schemes in the fields of quantum information processing and quantum metrology.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
The role of research data repositories in open science and research data policy development
Creators: name: Weisweiler, Nina Leonie
name: Bertelmann, Roland
name: Nordling, Josefine
name: Perini, Lionel
name: Elger, Kirsten
name: Davidson, Joy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In the face of the global shift toward Open Science, policies accelerate cultural change and enable academic institutions, funders, research infrastructures, and publishers to develop their position in the discourse. Policies can reference norms from a wider setting, for example scientific societies or the FAIR Principles. They can also serve as a motivator for researchers to participate in Open Science practices, for example publishing articles Open Access or making code and research data available. However, in order to turn policies into practice, a research-supported infrastructure is necessary. Dedicated repositories facilitate the implementation of these policies, for example by making research output available under open licenses.
In this SciDataCon session, we explored how various stakeholders develop research data policies, and particularly the interrelation of policies and research data repositories. Repositories are at the core of data sharing, as they provide the means to store, curate, publish, and preserve research data. Furthermore, they generate, consolidate and maintain metadata, thus supporting the findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability of datasets. This topic has led to the creation of various guideline documents and recommendations in recent years, but also to controversial discussions.
The session included lightning talks from the perspective of various stakeholders that have developed policies and guidelines for Open Science practices and research data handling, namely research organizations, funding organizations, journals, and research data repositories. These insights were followed by a presentation on the topic of harmonization and standardization of data policies, which is a key motivation for activities in the national and international research data community. 
The proposed session was organized by members of the DFG-funded re3data COREF project.
Real-world data meta-analysis: procedural success and clinical outcomes after radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation in South America
Creators: name: Boissonnet, Carlos Pablo
name: Giorgi, Mariano Aníbal
name: Köhler, Gastón Claudio
name: Roura, Luciano García
name: Ginestar, Juan María
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: To profile patients’ characteristics, in-hospital results, and recurrence rates after radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation (RAAF) in South America. We comprehensively searched for single-center studies from South America with ≥10 patients receiving RAAF, published or presented from January 1, 2010, through June 29, 2020, excluding those reports aimed to specific populations such as permanent atrial fibrillation, structural cardiopathies, or re-do procedures. Main pooled estimates from a random-effects meta-analysis that included 3909 patients from 27 cohorts (from 5 countries): a) Patients characteristics: age 57.6 years (95% CI 55.7–59.5), male gender 71.5% (95% CI 67.0–75.6%), hypertension 54.2% (95% CI 45.4–62.8%), paroxysmal atrial fibrillation 79.8% (95% CI 71.3–94.5%), CHADS score 1.2 (95% CI 0.5–1.9), b) Acute procedural success 91.1% (95% CI 82.2–95.8%), c) In-hospital complications: stroke 0.6% (95% CI 0.3–1.2%), cardiac tamponade 2.3% (95% CI 1.4–3.7), hematoma 3.5% (95% CI 2.0–6.1), pseudoaneurysm 1.2% (95% CI 0.6–2.3), arteriovenous fistula 2.5% (95% CI 1.6–4.1). There were no cases of esophageal-atrial fistula nor death. Pooled estimate for arrhythmia recurrence (excluded 3-months blanking period) at 12 months was 19.9% (95% CI 17.0–23.1). In-hospital results of RAAF reported for South American centers were worse than published international registries, even when included populations profile was of lower risk, as reflected in younger age and less prevalence of non-paroxysmal AF. Late recurrence rates seemed appropriate. This study provides a real-life framework for the analysis of the performance of this technology in the region.
Entangling two distant non-interacting microwave modes
Creators: name: Abdi, M.
name: Tombesi, P.
name: Vitali, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a protocol able to prepare two remote and initially uncorrelated microwave modes in an entangled stationary state, which is certifiable using only local optical homodyne measurements. The protocol is an extension of continuous variable entanglement swapping, and exploits two hybrid quadripartite opto-electro-mechanical systems in which a nanomechanical resonator acts as a quantum interface able to entangle optical and microwave fields. The proposed protocol allows to circumvent the problems associated with the fragility of microwave photons with respect to thermal noise and may represent a fundamental tool for the realization of quantum networks connecting distant solid-state and superconducting qubits, which are typically manipulated with microwave fields. The certifying measurements on the optical modes guarantee the success of entanglement swapping without the need of performing explicit measurements on the distant microwave fields.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures; to appear in the special issue "Quantum and Hybrid Mechanical Systems - From Fundamentals to Applications" in Annalen der Physik
Determination of Gravitational Counterterms Near Four Dimensions from RG Equations
Creators: name: Hamada, Ken-ji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The finiteness condition of renormalization gives a restriction on the form of the gravitational action. By reconsidering the Hathrell's RG equations for massless QED in curved space, we determine the gravitational counterterms and the conformal anomalies as well near four dimensions. As conjectured for conformal couplings in 1970s, we show that at all orders of the perturbation they can be combined into two forms only: the square of the Weyl tensor in $D$ dimensions and $E_D=G_4 +(D-4)χ(D)H^2 -4χ(D) \nabla^2 H$, where $G_4$ is the usual Euler density, $H=R/(D-1)$ is the rescaled scalar curvature and $χ(D)$ is a finite function of $D$ only. The number of the dimensionless gravitational couplings is also reduced to two. $χ(D)$ can be determined order by order in series of $D-4$, whose first several coefficients are calculated. It has a universal value of $1/2$ at $D=4$. The familiar ambiguous $\nabla^2 R$ term is fixed. At the $D \to 4$ limit, the conformal anomaly $E_D$ just yields the combination $E_4=G_4-2\nabla^2 R/3$, which induces Riegert's effective action.
description: 29 pages, minor corrections, a reference added, to appear in Phys.Rev.D
Dimension reduction for semidefinite programs via Jordan algebras
Creators: name: Permenter, Frank
name: Parrilo, Pablo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a new method for simplifying semidefinite programs (SDP) inspired by symmetry reduction. Specifically, we show if an orthogonal projection map satisfies certain invariance conditions, restricting to its range yields an equivalent primal-dual pair over a lower-dimensional symmetric cone---namely, the cone-of-squares of a Jordan subalgebra of symmetric matrices. We present a simple algorithm for minimizing the rank of this projection and hence the dimension of this subalgebra. We also show that minimizing rank optimizes the direct-sum decomposition of the algebra into simple ideals, yielding an optimal "block-diagonalization" of the SDP. Finally, we give combinatorial versions of our algorithm that execute at reduced computational cost and illustrate effectiveness of an implementation on examples. Through the theory of Jordan algebras, the proposed method easily extends to linear and second-order-cone programming and, more generally, symmetric cone optimization.
The decoupling limit in the Georgi-Machacek model
Creators: name: Hartling, Katy
name: Kumar, Kunal
name: Logan, Heather E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the most general scalar potential of the Georgi-Machacek model, which adds isospin-triplet scalars to the Standard Model (SM) in a way that preserves custodial SU(2) symmetry. We show that this model possesses a decoupling limit, in which the predominantly-triplet states become heavy and degenerate while the couplings of the remaining light neutral scalar approach those of the SM Higgs boson. We find that the SM-like Higgs boson couplings to fermion pairs and gauge boson pairs can deviate from their SM values by corrections as large as $\mathcal{O}(v^2/M_{\rm new}^2)$, where $v$ is the SM Higgs vacuum expectation value and $M_{\rm new}$ is the mass scale of the predominantly-triplet states. In particular, the SM-like Higgs boson couplings to $W$ and $Z$ boson pairs can decouple much more slowly than in two Higgs doublet models, in which they deviate from their SM values like $\mathcal{O}(v^4/M_{\rm new}^4)$. Furthermore, near the decoupling limit the SM-like Higgs boson couplings to $W$ and $Z$ pairs are always larger than their SM values, which cannot occur in two Higgs doublet models. As such, a precision measurement of Higgs couplings to $W$ and $Z$ pairs may provide an effective method of distinguishing the Georgi-Machacek model from two Higgs doublet models. Using numerical scans, we show that the coupling deviations can reach 10% for $M_{\rm new}$ as large as 800~GeV.
description: 40 pages, 12 figures, v2 : typo in Eq. 61 corrected, Reference added, v3: typos in Eq. A8 line 2 and Eq. 28 corrected, version to be published in PRD
Three-dimensional fractional-spin gravity
Creators: name: Boulanger, Nicolas
name: Sundell, Per
name: Valenzuela, Mauricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Wigner-deformed Heisenberg oscillators, we construct 3D Chern--Simons models consisting of fractional-spin fields coupled to higher-spin gravity and internal non-abelian gauge fields. The gauge algebras consist of Lorentz-tensorial Blencowe-Vasiliev higher-spin algebras and compact internal algebras intertwined by infinite-dimensional generators in lowest-weight representations of the Lorentz algebra with fractional spin. In integer or half-integer non-unitary cases, there exist truncations to gl(N,N +/- 1) or gl(N|N +/- 1) models. In all non-unitary cases, the internal gauge fields can be set to zero. At the semi-classical level, the fractional-spin fields are either Grassmann even or odd. The action requires the enveloping-algebra representation of the deformed oscillators, while their Fock-space representation suffices on-shell.
description: 38 pages, 2 tables. References [7,13,61] added with comments in the second version. To appear in JHEP
Explicit formulae for Chern-Simons invariants of the hyperbolic $J(2n,-2m)$ knot orbifolds
Creators: name: Ham, Ji-Young
name: Lee, Joongul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We calculate the Chern-Simons invariants of the hyperbolic double twist knot orbifolds using the Schläfli formula for the generalized Chern-Simons function on the family of cone-manifold structures of double twist knots.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure, Published in Proceedings of the International Center for Geometry
Sustainable UV filters production through laccase assisted oxidative polymerization
Creators: name: Balfagón, Helena
name: Bassegoda, Arnau
name: Rey, Aroa
name: Randelli, Giuseppe
name: Rando, Pietro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: sunscream
greener
environmentally friendly
UV-filter
OXIPRO
enzyme
oxidoreductases
sustainable

description: Sunscreens are used to absorb, reflect, or scatter UV radiation preventing and reducing the negative effects of UV light, such as, sunburns and precancerous lesions. Organic UV filters, currently used as photoprotective ingredients in sun-cream and cosmetic formulations, have been associated with negative impacts on marine ecosystems. These compounds pollute the coastal waters, directly as a consequence of washing off from swimmers and indirectly from contaminated effluents, where induce coral bleaching and bioaccumulate in marine biota impairing growth and reproduction.
In recent years, the concern about marine environmental impact of UV filters has increased the demand for more sustainable sunscreens. The OXIPRO project aims to establish the enzymatic synthesis of melanin-like polymers as a green alternative to chemical UV filters. Melanin, a family of heterogeneous polymeric pigments present in all life forms, are able to absorb UV radiation and scavenge active oxygen species, thereby reducing the UV damage associated to sun exposure. In animals, the melanin biosynthetic pathway is based on the enzymatic oxidation and polymerization of tyrosine.
In the present work, within the OXIPRO project, we focus on the use of laccases due to their ability to catalyse oxidative polymerizations. Moreover, these enzymes can be used in combination with redox mediators to achieve the oxidation of larger substrates which otherwise cannot enter the laccase active site. In this context, two strategies have been carried out i) the oxidative polymerization of phenolic building blocks, to mimic the melanin biosynthetic pathway and ii) laccase-assisted phenolation of lignin, where this phenolic biopolymer acts as a starting scaffold that is functionalized with phenolic molecules to increase its UV absorbing properties. In both strategies natural-derived phenolic compounds such as, L-DOPA, ferulic acid and octyl ferulate are oxidized by laccase (+ mediator) to trigger crosslinking reactions between them or the lignin, when present. The resulting phenolic polymers will represent not only an environmentally safe UV-filter for sunscreens but also a bio-based alternative to the currently used petroleum-based photoprotective compounds.
Universal Amplitude Ratios for Constrained Critical Systems
Creators: name: Izmailian, N. Sh.
name: Kenna, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical properties of systems under constraint differ from their ideal counterparts through Fisher renormalization. The mathematical properties of Fisher renormalization applied to critical exponents are well known: the renormalized indices obey the same scaling relations as the ideal ones and the transformations are involutions in the sense that re-renormalizing the critical exponents of the constrained system delivers their original, ideal counterparts. Here we examine Fisher renormalization of critical amplitudes and show that, unlike for critical exponents, the associated transformations are not involutions. However, for ratios and combinations of amplitudes which are universal, Fisher renormalization is involutory.
description: JSTAT published version
How do frontline healthcare workers learn from COVID-19 webinars during a pandemic? An online survey study
Creators: name: Qamar, Shahraz
name: Tekin, Aysun
name: Singh, Romil
name: Surani, Salim
name: Adhikari, Ramesh
name: Bansal, Vikas
name: Sharma, Mayank
name: Bogojevic, Marija
name: Deo, Neha
name: Zec, Simon
name: Morales, Diana J. Valencia
name: Taji, Jamil
name: Kumar, Vishakha K.
name: Boman, Karen
name: Khan, Syed Anjum
name: Domecq, Juan Pablo
name: Kashyap, Rahul
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: The COVID-19 pandemic severely restricted in-person learning. As a result, many educational institutions switched to online platforms to continue teaching. COVID-19 webinars have been useful for rapidly disseminating information to frontline healthcare workers. While conducting COVID-19 webinars through online platforms is a popular method to train medical professionals, their effectiveness has never been investigated. Our aim was to ascertain the usefulness of COVID-19 webinars during the pandemic. We conducted an online survey of about 400 frontline healthcare workers. 112 people responded to the survey (response rate = 28%). In it, we asked several questions to determine whether webinars had been a useful resource to help deal with COVID-19 patients. We found that a majority of healthcare worker respondents had favorable opinions of online education during the pandemic as around 78% of respondents either agreed or highly agreed that webinars are a useful source of knowledge. A significant proportion (34%) did not participate in webinars and gave time constraints as their main reason for not participating. Our results indicated that while online education is a great way to disseminate information quickly to a large amount of people, it also comes with its disadvantages. As we transition into a post-pandemic world, we need to make sure that online teaching is designed with the best interests of the healthcare workers in mind to ensure that we get the most out of it.
X(3872): propagating in a dense medium
Creators: name: Azizi, K.
name: Er, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In cold nuclear matter, the shifts in the mass and current-meson coupling as well the vector self energy of the exotic $X(3872)$ are calculated using the diquark-antidiquark current within the framework of the in-medium two-point QCD sum rule. At the rest frame of the medium, the three momentum of the considered particle is fixed to remove the contributions of the particles with negative energy. In the calculations, we include the in-medium condensates of quark-quark, gluon-gluon and quark-gluon. It is observed that, the shift due to the nuclear matter is negative and is about $25\%$ when the saturation density is used. Such shift is considerably large and comparable with the nucleon' mass shift due to the nuclear medium. The negative shift in the current-meson coupling due to nuclear matter is approximately $10\%$. At the saturation density, the vector self energy of the exotic $X(3872)$ state is found to be $Σ_\upsilon=1.31$ GeV. It is shown that the mass, current-meson coupling and vector self energy of $X(3872)$ strongly depend on the density of cold nuclear matter.
description: 11 Pages, 3 Figures and 1 Table. A typo was corrected
The Use of MPI and OpenMP Technologies for Subsequence Similarity Search in Very Large Time Series on Computer Cluster System with Nodes Based on the Intel Xeon Phi Knights Landing Many-core Processor
Creators: name: Kraeva, Yana
name: Zymbler, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nowadays, subsequence similarity search is required in a wide range of time series mining applications: climate modeling, financial forecasts, medical research, etc. In most of these applications, the Dynamic TimeWarping (DTW) similarity measure is used since DTW is empirically confirmed as one of the best similarity measure for most subject domains. Since the DTW measure has a quadratic computational complexity w.r.t. the length of query subsequence, a number of parallel algorithms for various many-core architectures have been developed, namely FPGA, GPU, and Intel MIC. In this article, we propose a new parallel algorithm for subsequence similarity search in very large time series on computer cluster systems with nodes based on Intel Xeon Phi Knights Landing (KNL) many-core processors. Computations are parallelized on two levels as follows: through MPI at the level of all cluster nodes, and through OpenMP within one cluster node. The algorithm involves additional data structures and redundant computations, which make it possible to effectively use the capabilities of vector computations on Phi KNL. Experimental evaluation of the algorithm on real-world and synthetic datasets shows that it is highly scalable.
description: Accepted for publication in the "Numerical Methods and Programming" journal (http://num-meth.srcc.msu.ru/english/, in Russian "Vychislitelnye Metody i Programmirovanie"), in Russian
Parallel Algorithm for Frequent Itemset Mining on Intel Many-core Systems
Creators: name: Zymbler, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Frequent itemset mining leads to the discovery of associations and correlations among items in large transactional databases. Apriori is a classical frequent itemset mining algorithm, which employs iterative passes over database combining with generation of candidate itemsets based on frequent itemsets found at the previous iteration, and pruning of clearly infrequent itemsets. The Dynamic Itemset Counting (DIC) algorithm is a variation of Apriori, which tries to reduce the number of passes made over a transactional database while keeping the number of itemsets counted in a pass relatively low. In this paper, we address the problem of accelerating DIC on the Intel Xeon Phi many-core system for the case when the transactional database fits in main memory. Intel Xeon Phi provides a large number of small compute cores with vector processing units. The paper presents a parallel implementation of DIC based on OpenMP technology and thread-level parallelism. We exploit the bit-based internal layout for transactions and itemsets. This technique reduces the memory space for storing the transactional database, simplifies the support count via logical bitwise operation, and allows for vectorization of such a step. Experimental evaluation on the platforms of the Intel Xeon CPU and the Intel Xeon Phi coprocessor with large synthetic and real databases showed good performance and scalability of the proposed algorithm.
description: Accepted for publication in Journal of Computing and Information Technology (http://cit.fer.hr)
Real-world data metanalysis: procedural success and clinical outcomes after radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation in South America
Creators: name: Boissonnet, Carlos Pablo
name: Giorgi, Mariano Aníbal
name: Köhler, Gastón Claudio
name: Roura, Luciano García
name: Ginestar, Juan María
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: To profile patients’ characteristics, in-hospital results, and recurrence rates after radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation (RAAF) in South America. We comprehensively searched for single-center studies from South America with ≥10 patients receiving RAAF, published or presented from January 1, 2010, through June 29, 2020, excluding those reports aimed to specific populations such as permanent atrial fibrillation, structural cardiopathies, or re-do procedures. Main pooled estimates from a random-effects meta-analysis that included 3909 patients from 27 cohorts (from 5 countries): a) Patients characteristics: age 57.6 years (95% CI 55.7–59.5), male gender 71.5% (95% CI 67.0–75.6%), hypertension 54.2% (95% CI 45.4–62.8%), paroxysmal atrial fibrillation 79.8% (95% CI 71.3–94.5%), CHADS score 1.2 (95% CI 0.5–1.9), b) Acute procedural success 91.1% (95% CI 82.2–95.8%), c) In-hospital complications: stroke 0.6% (95% CI 0.3–1.2%), cardiac tamponade 2.3% (95% CI 1.4–3.7), hematoma 3.5% (95% CI 2.0–6.1), pseudoaneurysm 1.2% (95% CI 0.6–2.3), arteriovenous fistula 2.5% (95% CI 1.6–4.1). There were no cases of esophageal-atrial fistula nor death. Pooled estimate for arrhythmia recurrence (excluded 3-months blanking period) at 12 months was 19.9% (95% CI 17.0–23.1). In-hospital results of RAAF reported for South American centers were worse than published international registries, even when included populations profile was of lower risk, as reflected in younger age and less prevalence of non-paroxysmal AF. Late recurrence rates seemed appropriate. This study provides a real-life framework for the analysis of the performance of this technology in the region.
Beam energy measurements for an experiment on elastic $e^{\pm}p$ scattering at the VEPP-3 storage ring
Creators: name: Kaminskiy, V. V.
name: Gramolin, A. V.
name: Mishnev, S. I.
name: Muchnoi, N. Yu.
name: Neufeld, V. V.
name: Nikolenko, D. M.
name: Rachek, I. A.
name: Toporkov, D. K.
name: Zhilich, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A precise comparison of the cross sections for the elastic scattering of electrons and positrons on protons was performed recently at the VEPP-3 storage ring in Novosibirsk, Russia. To provide the proposed accuracy, the energies of the electron and positron beams used during the experiment needed to be carefully maintained. This paper describes a special beam energy measurement system used in this experiment. This system is based on measuring the maximum energy of laser photons backscattered from electron and positron beams. It provides continuous beam energy measurements with a total relative uncertainty of less than $4.4 \cdot 10^{-5}$.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
A case of the Rodriguez Villegas conjecture
Creators: name: Chinburg, Ted
name: Friedman, Eduardo
name: Rodriguez-Villegas, Fernando
name: Sundstrom, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R06, 11R27

description: Let L be a number field and let E be any subgroup of the units O_L^* of L. If rank(E) = 1, Lehmer's conjecture predicts that the height of any non-torsion element of E is bounded below by an absolute positive constant. If rank(E) = rank(O_L^*), Zimmert proved a lower bound on the regulator of E which grows exponentially with [L:Q]. Fernando Rodriguez Villegas made a conjecture in 2002 that "interpolates" between these two extremes of rank. Here we prove a high-rank case of this conjecture. Namely, it holds if L contains a subfield K for which [L:K] >> [K:Q] and E contains the kernel of the norm map from O_L^* to O_K^*.
Motor Network Reorganization Induced in Chronic Stroke Patients with the Use of a Contralesionally-Controlled Brain Computer Interface
Creators: name: Humphries, Joseph B.
name: Mattos, Daniela J. S.
name: Rutlin, Jerrel
name: Daniel, Andy G. S.
name: Rybczynski, Kathleen
name: Notestine, Theresa
name: Shimony, Joshua S.
name: Burton, Harold
name: Carter, Alexandre
name: Leuthardt, Eric C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Upper extremity weakness in chronic stroke remains a problem not fully addressed by current therapies. Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) engaging the unaffected hemisphere are a promising therapy that are entering clinical application, but the mechanism underlying recovery is not well understood. We used resting state functional MRI to assess the impact a contralesionally driven EEG BCI therapy had on motor system functional organization. Patients used a therapeutic BCI for 12 weeks at home. We acquired resting-state fMRI scans and motor function data before and after the therapy period. Changes in functional connectivity (FC) strength between motor network regions of interest (ROIs) and the topographic extent of FC to specific ROIs were analyzed. Most patients achieved clinically significant improvement. Motor FC strength and topographic extent decreased following BCI therapy. Motor recovery correlated with reductions in motor FC strength across the entire motor network. These findings suggest BCI-mediated interventions may reverse pathologic strengthening of dysfunctional network interactions.
Killing-Yano Tensors of Order n-1
Creators: name: Batista, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The properties of a Killing-Yano tensor of order n-1 in an n-dimensional manifold are investigated. The integrability conditions are worked out and all metrics admitting a Killing-Yano tensor of order n-1 are found. It is pointed out a connection between such tensors and a generalization of the concept of angular momentum. A theorem on how to generate closed conformal Killing vectors using the symmetries of a manifold is proved and used to find all Killing-Yano tensors of order n-1 of a maximally symmetric space.
description: 15 pages. Published Version
Interference measurements of non-Abelian e/4 & Abelian e/2 quasiparticle braiding
Creators: name: Willett, R. L.
name: Shtengel, K.
name: Nayak, C.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: Chung, Y. J.
name: Peabody, M. L.
name: Baldwin, K. W.
name: West, K. W.
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum Hall states at filling factors $ν=5/2$ and $7/2$ are expected to have Abelian charge $e/2$ quasiparticles and non-Abelian charge $e/4$ quasiparticles. The non-Abelian statistics of the latter has been predicted to display a striking interferometric signature, the even-odd effect. By measuring resistance oscillations as a function of magnetic field in Fabry-Pérot interferometers using new high purity heterostructures, we for the first time report experimental evidence for the non-Abelian nature of excitations at $ν=7/2$. At both $ν=5/2$ and $7/2$ we also examine, for the first time, the fermion parity, a topological quantum number of an even number of non-Abelian quasiparticles. The phase of observed $e/4$ oscillations is reproducible and stable over long times (hours) near both filling factors, indicating stability of the fermion parity. At both fractions, when phase fluctuations are observed, they are predominantly $π$ phase flips, consistent with either fermion parity change or change in the number of the enclosed $e/4$ quasiparticles. We also examine lower-frequency oscillations attributable to Abelian interference processes in both states. Taken together, these results constitute new evidence for the non-Abelian nature of $e/4$ quasiparticles; the observed life-time of their combined fermion parity further strengthens the case for their utility for topological quantum computation.
description: Final version, nearly identical to the one published in Phys. Rev. X sans some questionable superficial changes insisted upon by the PRX editors and with Supplementary Materials included after the main text
The internet dilemma: An exploratory study of luxury firms’ usage of internet-based technologies
Creators: name: Baker, J
name: Ashill, Nicholas
name: Amer, N
name: Diab, E
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 150599 Marketing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150699 Tourism not elsewhere classified
subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified

description: Surprisingly, there exists a paucity of research examining the adoption of Internet-based technologies by luxury firms. This represents a major shortcoming in our understanding of how luxury firms maintain the image of their brand, sustain a personal link with customers, and retain an aura of exclusivity as they seek to provide their products and services to increasingly technologically-astute customers. Using content analysis, we present the findings of a qualitative investigation of 92 luxury firm websites across the categories of automobiles, fashion, jewelry, watches, and yachts. Study findings indicate that there are noticeable differences in website characteristics and functionality across sectors. Implications of the results are discussed, noting that decisions about using the Internet for branding and selling, one-way and two-way communications, as well as operational and innovative features, are driven by the characteristics of the products being offered. Avenues for future research are also offered.