cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: On Atiyah-Segal completion for Hermitian K-theory
Creators: name: Rohrbach, Herman
Publisher: name: Bergische Universität Wuppertal
Year: 2021
Subjects: Hermitian K-theory
Grothendieck-Witt theory
Atiyah-Segal completion
classifying space
motivic homotopy theory
semi-orthogonal decomposition
dg category
representation theory
algebraic geometry
projective bundle
grassmannian

description: The Atiyah-Segal completion theorem states that the completion of equivariant complex K-theory may be computed using the Borel construction, which is a generalization of the construction of the classifying space. This thesis investigates whether there is an analogue of the Atiyah-Segal completion theorem for Hermitian K-theory, also known as Grothendieck-Witt theory. We compute the higher Grothendieck-Witt groups of the motivic classifying space of a split torus over an arbitrary field of characteristic not two. We also compute the higher Grothendieck-Witt groups of projective bundles over a divisorial base scheme for which two is an invertible global section, as well as the higher Grothendieck-Witt groups of even Grassmannians over a field of zero characteristic. These computations rely on semi-orthogonal decompositions that behave well with respect to duality. Using these results, we prove the Atiyah-Segal completion theorem for Grothendieck-Witt theory in the special case of the split torus. This completion theorem is an important first step in finding a more general Atiyah-Segal completion theorem, moreover it is likely to be a key ingredient in the proof of such a generalization.
Bilan des campagnes océanographiques françaises 2015
2015 French oceanographic cruises report
Creators: name: Danioux, Nolwenn
Publisher: name: Ifremer
Year: 2016

description: This document reports on the French oceanographic cruises conducted in 2015. It was drawn up by IFREMER, and more specifically by the SISMER (French acronym for Scientific information systems for the SEA) department which is in charge of managing the metadata and data produced by French research cruises.
It provides a detailed description of the role of the various players managing French ocean-going facilities and of the means to archive cruise information and oceanographic data. It presents the fleet's activity in 2015 and provides dynamic access to cruise information through the new research cruise catalogue: http://campagnes.flotteoceanographique.fr/.
Previous years' reports for French oceanographic cruises are also available via the Archimer website IFREMER'S institutional archive, at: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/.
description: Ce document présente le bilan des campagnes océanographiques françaises conduites en 2015. Il a été réalisé par l’IFREMER, et notamment par le SISMER (Systèmes d’Informations Scientifiques pour la MER) qui a la responsabilité de gérer les métadonnées et les données issues des campagnes à la mer françaises.
Il décrit le rôle des différents acteurs en matière de gestion des moyens navals français et des moyens d’archivage de l’information des campagnes et des données océanographiques. Il présente l’activité 2015 de la flotte et permet un accès dynamique à l’information des campagnes par l’intermédiaire du nouveau catalogue des campagnes : http://campagnes.flotteoceanographique.fr/.
Les bilans des campagnes océanographiques françaises des années antérieures sont également disponibles sur le site Archimer, archive institutionnelle de l’IFREMER, à l’adresse suivante : http://archimer.ifremer.fr/.
AGN-driven helium reionization and the incidence of extended HeIII regions at redshift z>3
Creators: name: Compostella, Michele
name: Cantalupo, Sebastiano
name: Porciani, Cristiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use hydrodynamic simulations post-processed with the radiative-transfer code RADAMESH to assess recent claims that the low HeII opacity observed in z>3 quasar spectra may be incompatible with models of HeII reionization driven by the observed population of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). In particular, building upon our previous work, we consider an early population of sources and start the radiative-transfer calculation at redshifts z>=5. Our model faithfully reproduces the emissivity of optically selected AGNs as inferred from measurements of their luminosity function. We find that HeII reionization is very extended in redshift (Δ z>=2) and highly spatially inhomogeneous. In fact, mock spectra extracted from the simulations show a large variability in the evolution of the HeII effective optical depth within chunks of size Δ z=0.04. Regions with low opacity (τ^{eff}_{HeII}<3) can be found at high redshift, in agreement with the most recent observations of UV-transmitting quasars. At the highest redshift currently probed by observations (z~3.4), our updated model predicts a much lower HeII effective optical depth than previous simulations in the literature relieving most of the tension with the current data, that, however, still persists at about the (Gaussian) 1σ to 2σ level. Given the very small number of observed lines of sight, our analysis indicates that current data cannot rule out a purely AGN-driven scenario with high statistical significance.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures. Matches version accepted for publication in MNRAS
Comprehensive and Macrospin-Based Magnetic Tunnel Junction Spin Torque Oscillator Model - Part II: Verilog-A Model Implementation
Creators: name: Chen, Tingsu
name: Eklund, Anders
name: Iacocca, Ezio
name: Rodriguez, Saul
name: Malm, Gunnar
name: Åkerman, Johan
name: Rusu, Ana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapid development of the magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) spin torque oscillator (STO) technology demands an analytical model to enable building MTJ STO-based circuits and systems so as to evaluate and utilize MTJ STOs in various applications. In Part I of this paper, an analytical model based on the macrospin approximation, has been introduced and verified by comparing it with the measurements of three different MTJ STOs. In Part II, the full Verilog-A implementation of the proposed model is presented. To achieve a reliable model, an approach to reproduce the phase noise generated by the MTJ STO has been proposed and successfully employed. The implemented model yields a time domain signal, which retains the characteristics of operating frequency, linewidth, oscillation amplitude and DC operating point, with respect to the magnetic field and applied DC current. The Verilog-A implementation is verified against the analytical model, providing equivalent device characteristics for the full range of biasing conditions. Furthermore, a system that includes an MTJ STO and CMOS RF circuits is simulated to validate the proposed model for system- and circuit-level designs. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed model opens the possibility to explore STO technology in a wide range of applications.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
The italian microbrewing experience: features and perspectives
Creators: name: Fastigi, Matteo
name: Viganò, Elena
name: Esposti, Roberto
Publisher: name: Bio-based and Applied Economics
Year: 2018

description: The so-called Italian craft beer revolution is a new phenomenon characterised by a rapidly growing number of microbreweries and popularity of their products. The evolution of the Italian craft beer sector has interesting potentialities in terms of local/rural development. The analysis is based on available statistics as well as on a survey carried out in May 2014 which discloses features, motivations and expectations of the craft beer producers. Together with the risk of overproduction due to the high number of recent entries, the creation of local supply chains (from barley cultivation to its transformation into malt) is emerging as a possible evolution of the sector, thanks to the advent of a new typology of microbrewery, the agricultural brewery.
description: Bio-based and Applied Economics, Vol 7 No 1 (2018):
Question of quantum equivalence between Jordan frame and Einstein frame
Creators: name: Kamenshchik, Alexander Yu.
name: Steinwachs, Christian F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of a general scalar-tensor theory, we investigate the equivalence between two different parametrizations of fields that are commonly used in cosmology - the so-called Jordan frame and Einstein frame. While it is clear that both parametrizations are mathematically equivalent at the level of the classical action, the question about their mathematical equivalence at the quantum level as well as their physical equivalence is still a matter of debate in cosmology. We analyze whether the mathematical equivalence still holds when the first quantum corrections are taken into account. We explicitly calculate the one-loop divergences in both parametrizations by using the generalized Schwinger-DeWitt algorithm and compare both results. We find that the quantum corrections do not coincide off shell and hence induce an off shell dependence on the parametrization. According to the equivalence theorem, the one-loop divergences should however coincide on shell. For a cosmological background, we show explicitly that the on shell equivalence is indeed realized by a nontrivial cancellation.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure, revised version accepted for publication in Physical Review D, new title, section V, VI and VIII of previous arXiv version removed, references updated
Sanitary and phytosanitary measures in the context of the CPTPP agreement
Creators: name: Boza, Sofía
Publisher: name: Bio-based and Applied Economics
Year: 2018

description: The Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) is a notorious example of the proliferation of so-called mega trade agreements. The countries constituting its signatory parties include five hundred million inhabitants and almost fifteen percent of the global Gross Domestic Product. The objective of this paper is to analyze the role of sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) provisions within the CPTPP regarding international food trade. Three sections are presented: (i) food production, imports and exports among CPTPP countries, (ii) the content of the SPS CPTPP chapter regarding the text of the WTO-SPS Agreement and (iii) concluding remarks. It stands out among the results that there are significant differences in agricultural production capabilities between CPTPP parties, which should be addressed in order to achieve the desired integration.
description: Bio-based and Applied Economics, Vol 7 No 1 (2018):
The Meaning Sextet: A Systematic Literature Review and Further Validation of a Universal Typology of Meaning in Life
Creators: name: Vos, Joel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Many researchers have asked what individuals experience as meaningful, valuable, purposeful, or important in life. However, there seems little consensus about a world-wide typology of meaning. This project aimed to identify a comprehensive universal typology of meaning in life in the empirical literature, and to find additional support for this typology. Study 1 included a systematic literature review on all studies on meaning in life, to identify types and sub-types of meaning via thematic analysis. Study 2 conceptually compared these findings with other published meaning typologies. Study 3 operationalized this typology in the “Meaning Sextet Questionnaire” (MSQ). The MSQ was developed in a sequential mixed-methods study design, consisting of the sub-studies of Item-development, Three-Step-Test-Interview, an informal feasibility study and a formal survey. The literature review identified 6 types and 29 sub-types of meaning in 107 studies in 45.710 participants, which integrated and extended other published typologies: materialistic types of meaning (material conditions, professional-educational success), hedonistic types (hedonistic/embodied experiences), self-oriented types (resilience, self-efficacy, self-acceptance, autonomy, creative self-expression, self-care), social types (social connections, belonging, conformism, altruism, and children), larger types (purposes, personal growth, temporality, justice/ethics, and spirituality/religion), existential-philosophical types (being-alive, unique, free, grateful, and responsible). The MSQ confirmed the universality of this meaning sextet in 1281 participants in 49 countries, with factor-structure and correlations as expected with other questionnaires. Materialistic, hedonistic, and self-oriented meanings correlate with low psychological well-being, and social and larger meanings with large psychological well-being. In sum, the meaning sextet seems to be a comprehensive valid typology of meaning in life which may be used in psychological therapies, counseling, coaching and education.
Effect of Extracellular Vesicles from HTLV-1 Infected Cells on Recipient Uninfected Cells
Creators: name: ARNAV SUBEDI
name: Fatah Kashanchi
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2023

description: Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is a retrovirus known to cause diseases such as adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Its global infection count has reached up to 10 million, with particularly high prevalence in regions like Japan, Africa, the Caribbean, and South America. HUT-102 (HuT-102), a cell line derived from ATL, is renowned for its aggressive cancer properties. Recent research has unveiled the critical role of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) in promoting HTLV-1 transmission through cell-cell contact, providing new insights into its spread mechanisms. To deepen our understanding, we employed differential ultracentrifugation (DUC) at various speeds (2 k, 10 k, 100 k, 167 k/4 hours, and 167 k/16 hours) to isolate distinct subpopulations of EVs from infected cell supernatants. Notably, the 2 k subpopulation exhibited the highest abundance of viral/host proteins. Additionally, HTLV-1 EVs were found to induce the expression of migration-related cytokines in astrocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages. Moreover, EVs from both the 2 k and 10 k subpopulations significantly increased HTLV-1 spread in a humanized mouse model, emphasizing their importance in viral transmission and pathogenesis. In this study, we examine the uptake of recipient infected cells from HUT-102 infected Extracellular Vesicles (EVs). EVs were collected from HUT-102 infected cells and subsequently co-cultured with CEM (Uninfected) Cells on a 96-Well Assay Black Plate, differentiating the subpopulations accordingly. The analysis of the recipient cells from HUT-102 infected cells was performed at both 1-hour and 24-hour time points. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that various populations of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) derived from HTLV-1 infected cells are taken up by uninfected T-cells.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 5 (2023)
Chenopodium vulvaria
Creators: name: Dalechamps, Jacques
name: Desmoulins, Jean
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1653
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Amaranthaceae
Chenopodium
Chenopodium vulvaria

description: De la Vulvaria, ou Herbe, de bouc, CHAP. VIII. C'este herbe resemble aucunement aux Arroches, sinon qu'elle est en tout & par tout plus petite; dont aucuns l'appellent petite Arroche, Lobel l'appelle Olida & Garum olens. Cordus la nomme Garosma. Les Herboristes tiennent que les Grecs, ny les Latins ne luy ont point donn� de nom. Pour ceste cause Dodon l'appelle Tragium, c'est � dire, Herbe de bouc, � raison de sa puanteur Et pource que Dioscoride met deux autres especes de Tragion, il l'a surnomm�e Tragion Germanicum. Les autres Herboristes l'appellent Vulvaria; pource qu'elle sent de mesme que le Con d'une putain. D'au tr�s l'appellent Atriplex canina, c'est � dire Arroche de chien, croyans qu'elle prouient de l'urine de chien. C'est une petite herbe tendre, ayant plusieurs petites tiges �parses par deffus la terre & des petites fueilles blancheastres, comme si elles estoient couvertes de farine, semblables � celles des Arroches mais moindres, quasi aussi petites que celles de la Mariolaine. Elle fait une petite graine blanche, en une grappe, comme l'Arroche sauvage. Toute la plante sent tres-mal, comme la teste d'un poisson, ou d'un bouc puant. Elle croist emmy les rues, �s lieux sablonneux. Elle fleurit & fait semence au milieu de l'Est�. La puanteur de ceste herbe sert grandement contre la suffocation de l� matrice, principalement estant appliqu�e sur je nombril.
description: Published as part of Dalechamps, Jacques & Desmoulins, Jean, 1653, Histoire generale des plantes, pp. 457 in Livre Cinquiesme, Lyon :Chez Philip. Borde, Laur. Arnaud, & Cl. Rigaud on page 457
Catalogue of data and platforms at Network GDAC level, including the example of Copernicus In Situ TAC
Creators: name: Carval, Thierry
Publisher: name: Ifremer
Year: 2016

description: This document presents catalogue techniques used at network GDAC level to facilitate the discovery of platforms and data files. Some AtlantOS networks are organized as DAC-GDACs that continuously update a catalogue of metadata on observation datasets and platforms: • A DAC is a Data Assembly Centre operating at national or regional scale. It manages data and metadata for its area with a direct link to Scientifics and Operators. The DAC pushes observations to the network GDAC. • A GDAC is a Global Data Assembly Centre. It is designed for a global observation network such as Argo, OceanSITES, DBCP, EGO, Gosud, etc… The GDAC aggregates data and metadata of an observation network, in real-time and delayed mode, provided by DACs.
Social-learning from farmers' experience and behavior: A triple-loop analysis on climate change awareness, perceived impacts, and adaptation
Creators: name: Ricart, S.
name: Castelletti, A.
name: Gandolfi, C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Climate change tends to be addressed by accurate statistics and modelling, but it is generallyperceived abstractly, being considered a distant psychological risk in which impacts andeffects are spatially and temporally differentiated. In other words, people’s attitude towardsclimate change is that it will impact other individuals and communities that aregeographically, temporally, and even generationally removed from themselves. However, dueto the hybrid nature of climate change as both a physical and social phenomenon, individualsare not ‘blank slates’ receiving information and facing climate change. Many have argued thatdeepening personal experience could be the fi rst step for reducing individual and communitypsychological distance of climate change while increasing the potential for behavior change.Considering that agriculture affects and is affected by climate change in several ways,farmers can provide fi rst-hand observations of climate change impacts and testing differentadaptation options. This contribution provides an overview of the intellectual structure offarmers’ behavior on climate change awareness, perceived risks, and adaptation capacity. Aportfolio of 108 survey studies published in the last decade was selected for a comprehensiveanalysis. Exploratory variables such as farmers’ socio-demographic characteristics, level ofclimate change awareness, major perceived impacts, and adaptation measures, parameters,and barriers have been reported. In addition to the bibliographic analysis, the fi rst results froma survey conducted in different irrigation systems in northern Italy will be tested to identify(dis)similar trends in farmers’ behavior. The identifi cation of not only farmers’ behavior gapsbut also their causing reasons will contribute to focus attention on most concerning issuesand provide more accurate bottom-up knowledge to managers and decision-makers.
Erfassen von digitalem Forschungsoutput. Daten als Publikationen
Creators: name: Strauch-Davey, Annette
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: FDM
Bibliothek
Bibliotheken
RDM
research data management
library
libraries

description: https://lehmannsbib.de/erfassen-von-digitalem-forschungsoutput/ (Zugriff am 28.02.2023)
HIV-1 Transcription Inhibition Using Small RNA-Binding Molecules
Creators: name: MAYA PASHAI
name: Kim, Yuriy
name: Williams, Anastasia
name: Fatah Kashanchi
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2023

description: HIV-1 is a retrovirus that integrates its genetic code into an infected host cell’s DNA. HIV-1 replication occurs in cells with a key mechanism known as the Tat-TAR interaction. Tat, the HIV-1 transactivator protein, interacts with the transactivation response element (TAR), an element of viral RNA, to incite the engagement of an essential protein called transcription elongation factor-b (P-TEFb). This process allows transcription of the viral genome to begin. The most effective treatment for HIV-1 infection, known as combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), currently contains no means of inhibition for this transcription mechanism, thus presenting a gap in HIV-1 antiviral treatment. This study tests two small molecules that have previously demonstrated the ability to bind to HIV-1 TAR RNA and showed successful inhibition of viral protein expression. We used a biotinylation pull-down assay to test the disruption of Tat from TAR RNA interaction using these TAR-binding molecules, and we also used a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay to determine whether treatment with TAR-binding molecules affected occupancy of transcription factors on HIV-1 long terminal repeat (LTR) DNA, which is the initiation site for viral transcription. References: • Aboul-Ela, F.; Karn, J.; Varani, G. Structure of HIV-1 TAR RNA in the Absence of Ligands Reveals a Novel Conformation of the Trinucleotide Bulge. Nucleic Acids Res. 1996, doi:10.1093/NAR/24.20.3974. • Alanazi, A.; Ivanov, A.; Kumari, N.; Lin, X.; Wang, S.; Kovalskyy, D.; Nekhai, S. Targeting Tat–TAR RNA Interaction for HIV-1 Inhibition. Viruses 2021, 13, 2004, doi:10.3390/v13102004. • DeMarino, C.; Pleet, M.L.; Cowen, M.; Barclay, R.A.; Akpamagbo, Y.; Erickson, J.; Ndembi, N.; Charurat, M.; Jumare, J.; Bwala, S.; Alabi, P.; Hogan, M.; Gupta, A.; Noren Hooten, N.; Evans, M.K.; Lepene, B.; Zhou, W.; Caputi, M.; Romerio, F.; Royal, W.; El-Hage, N.; Liotta, L.A.; Kashanchi F. Antiretroviral Drugs Alter the Content of Extracellular Vesicles from HIV-1-Infected Cells. Sci Rep. 2018 May 16;8(1):7653. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-25943-2. • Mahmoudi, T.; Parra, M.; Vries, R.G.J.; Kauder, S.E.; Verrijzer, C.P.; Ott, M.; Verdin, E. The SWI/SNF Chromatin-Remodeling Complex Is a Cofactor for Tat Transactivation of the HIV Promoter *. J. Biol. Chem. 2006, 281, 19960–19968, doi:10.1074/jbc.M603336200. • Pierson, T.; McArthur, J.; Siliciano, R.F. Reservoirs for HIV-1: Mechanisms for Viral Persistence in the Presence of Antiviral Immune Responses and Antiretroviral Therapy. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 2000, 18, 665–708, doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.18.1.665.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 5 (2023)
What is a DOI? and why do you need them?
Creators: name: Dreyer, Britta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Core Training
DataCite Member Meeting 2022
Training session
Digital Object Identifier
DOI
Persistent Identifier

description: DataCite Member Meeting 2022 DataCite Training Session (Core Track) What is a DOI? and why do you need them? September 2022
Enhancement of electrical conductivity and total yield of laser-inscribed aluminum graphene nanocomposites by multi-layering of polyimide tape
Creators: name: AARON SHANSAB
name: MAXWELL HONG
name: Najaf, Hossein
name: Lobo, Diego
name: Khan, Muhammad
name: Pilgyu Kang
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2023

description: Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional hexagonal lattice; it is known for its remarkable electrical and mechanical properties. Further, graphene has the potential to improve the electrical conductivity of substrate metals, such as aluminum, when engraved inside them. This new, highly conductive aluminum-graphene composite material, called a “covetic” material, can thus be used in a variety of industrial applications, from sensors to supercapacitors. This material is fabricated by putting a layer of polyimide (PI) tape over the substrate sample aluminum and applying a laser beam over the surface from a CO2 laser engraver. While Ye et al have shown laser-based manufacturing methods to yield high quality, electrically conductive 2D graphene, the question of how to best maximize the total conductivity of the aluminum-graphene nanocomposite remains. This experiment explores one method of increasing bulk conductivity by increasing both the thickness of the PI tape over the aluminum substrate (from the standard 50 µm to 100 µm), as well as the number of times the sample was lased by the engraving machine (ranging from 1 lasing to 5 lasings).
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 5 (2023)
Comments on Entanglement Negativity in Holographic Field Theories
Creators: name: Rangamani, Mukund
name: Rota, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore entanglement negativity, a measure of the distillable entanglement contained in a quantum state, in relativistic field theories in various dimensions. We first give a general overview of negativity and its properties and then explain a well known result relating (logarithmic) negativity of pure quantum states to the Renyi entropy (at index $1/2$), by exploiting the simple features of entanglement in thermal states. In particular, we show that the negativity of the thermofield double state is given by the free energy difference of the system at temperature $T$ and $2\,T$ respectively. We then use this result to compute the negativity in the vacuum state of conformal field theories in various dimensions, utilizing results that have been derived for free and holographic CFTs in the literature. We also comment upon general lessons to be learnt about negativity in holographic field theories.
description: 24 pages. v2: comments on quasi-topological theories. published version
Optimizing electrical conductivity of Aluminum covetic nanocomposites via CO2 laser synthesis on polyimide substrate
Creators: name: MAXWELL HONG
name: AARON SHANSAB
name: Najaf, Hossein
name: Lobo, Diego
name: Khan, Muhammad
name: Pilgyu Kang
Publisher: name: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research
Year: 2023

description: Covetics, a novel class of metal-carbon composite materials, have been a recent topic of focus for materials science research due to their superior electrical and mechanical properties. These hybrid materials consist of metals infused with nanocarbons - carbon materials with a structure on the nanometer scale. For example, Aluminum covetics, which are the focus of this study, are composed of both graphene and Aluminum. They benefit from the properties of both materials, including high conductivity, increased tensile strength, increased yield strength, and improved hardness. However, researchers are still developing methods of synthesis that produce covetic materials with optimal conductivity. One solution to this is manufacturing of Aluminum covetics with thicker polyimide film under a CO2 laser. This method works by inscribing graphene onto an Aluminum sample covered with polyimide tape; the polyimide tape, acting as a substrate, forms graphene when it is lased. Thus, the resultant laser-induced graphene (LIG), is embedded into the surface of the Aluminum, combining the two materials, and forming a covetic layer of LIG + Al. In this study, it was found that increasing the thickness of polyimide tape on the Aluminum sample leads to higher conductivity of the covetic material produced. This can be attributed to the fact that more polyimide tape provides a higher quantity of substrate for graphitization, thus allowing more graphene to become embedded in the Aluminum. Overall, this study could lead to an improvement in the conductivity of Aluminum covetics, making their use more feasible in microelectronics and other electrical applications.
description: Journal of Student-Scientists' Research, Vol. 5 (2023)
Precision Tests of Parity Violation Over Cosmological Distances
Creators: name: Kaufman, Jonathan
name: Keating, Brian
name: Johnson, Brad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background $B$-mode polarization power spectrum by the BICEP2 and POLARBEAR experiments have demonstrated new precision tools for probing fundamental physics. Regardless of origin, the fact that we can detect sub-$μ$K CMB polarization represents a tremendous technological breakthrough. Yet more information may be latent in the CMB's polarization pattern. Because of its tensorial nature, CMB polarization may also reveal parity-violating physics via a detection of cosmic polarization rotation. Although current CMB polarimeters are sensitive enough to measure one degree-level polarization rotation with $>5σ$ statistical significance, they lack the ability to differentiate this effect from a systematic instrumental polarization rotation. Here, we motivate the search for cosmic polarization rotation from current CMB data as well as independent radio galaxy and quasar polarization measurements. We argue that an improvement in calibration accuracy would allow the precise measurement of parity- and Lorentz-violating effects. We describe the CalSat space-based polarization calibrator that will provide stringent control of systematic polarization angle calibration uncertainties to $0.05^\circ$ -- an order of magnitude improvement over current CMB polarization calibrators. CalSat-based calibration could be used with current CMB polarimeters searching for $B$-mode polarization, effectively turning them into probes of cosmic parity violation, i.e. without the need to build dedicated instruments.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Stool microbiome, pH and short/branched chain fatty acids in infants receiving extensively hydrolyzed formula, amino acid formula, or human milk through two months of age
Creators: name: Car Reen Kok
name: Brabec, Bradford
name: Chichlowski, Maciej
name: Harris, Cheryl L.
name: Moore, Nancy
name: Wampler, Jennifer L.
name: Vanderhoof, Jon
name: Rose, Devin
name: Hutkins, Robert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Demographics of study participants. Table S2. Study protocol stool sample compliance criteria at Baseline, Day 30, and Day 60. Figure S1. Variable importance plots from random forest analysis using mean decrease in accuracy. Figure S2. Individual branched chain fatty acids; a isobutyrate and b isovalerate measured for the different feeding groups; amino acid (AAF; red), extensively hydrolyzed formula (EHF; green) and human milk (HM; blue). Figure S3. Spearman correlations of SCFA concentration with bacterial taxa. + indicates significant correlation and metabolite concentration (FDR
Lesson II - Databases
Creators: name: Rosenwald, Anne
name: Arora, Gaurav
name: Mathur, Vinayak
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2022

description: Genome Solver began as a way to teach undergraduate faculty some basic skills in bioinformatics; no coding or scripting is required. Lesson II introduces the principal databases for microbial genomics.
Localization in covariance matrices of coupled heterogenous Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes
Creators: name: Barucca, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define a random-matrix ensemble given by the infinite-time covariance matrices of Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes at different temperatures coupled by a Gaussian symmetric matrix. The spectral properties of this ensemble are shown to be in qualitative agreement with some stylized facts of financial markets. Through the presented model formulas are given for the analysis of heterogeneous time-series. Furthermore evidence for a localization transition in eigenvectors related to small and large eigenvalues in cross-correlations analysis of this model is found and a simple explanation of localization phenomena in financial time-series is provided. Finally we identify both in our model and in real financial data an inverted-bell effect in correlation between localized components and their local temperature: high and low temperature/volatility components are the most localized ones.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Lesson VI - The Community Science Project
Creators: name: Rosenwald, Anne
name: Arora, Gaurav
name: Mathur, Vinayak
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2022

description: Genome Solver's Community Science Project was developed as a way to use the skills taught in the previous lessons. We're asking members of the community to provide instances of potential phage genes embedded in bacterial genomes.
Isoscalar mesons upon unbreaking of chiral symmetry
Creators: name: Denissenya, M.
name: Glozman, L. Ya.
name: Lang, C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a dynamical lattice simulation with the overlap Dirac operator and $N_f=2$ mass degenerate quarks we study all possible $J=0$ and $J=1$ correlators upon exclusion of the low lying "quasi-zero" modes from the valence quark propagators. After subtraction of a small amount of such Dirac eigenmodes all disconnected contributions vanish and all possible point-to-point $J=0$ correlators with different quantum numbers become identical, signaling a restoration of the $SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R \times U(1)_A$. The original ground state of the $π$ meson does not survive this truncation, however. In contrast, in the $I=0$ and $I=1$ channels for the $J=1$ correlators the ground states have a very clean exponential decay. All possible chiral multiplets for the $J=1$ mesons become degenerate, indicating a restoration of an $SU(4)$ symmetry of the dynamical QCD-like string.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures
title: Isolation and Characterization of bioactive constituents from Pterocarpus santalinus L.
Creators: name: Adam, Elisabeth Josefa
Year: 2021

description: Der wachsende Anteil älterer Menschen und die damit einhergehenden chronischen Erkrankungen stellen die Gesundheitssysteme in Ländern der ganzen Welt vor immer größere Herausforderungen. Ein Schwerpunkt der heutigen Forschung liegt daher auf der Entschlüsselung der Mechanismen des Alterungsprozesses und der Suche nach neuen Zielproteinen, welche die Lebensspanne positiv beeinflussen können. Die Messung der Lebensdauer des Fadenwurms Caenorhabditis elegans ist ein sehr beliebtes Werkzeug in der Alterungsforschung, um die lebensverlängernde Wirkung von Naturstoffen zu bewerten. In früheren Studien zeigten ein Extrakt („Lead-Like Enhanced Extract“) aus dem Kernholz von Pterocarpus santalinus, dem rotem Sandelholz (PtesanXDM), die DCM-Fraktion dieses Extraktes (PtesanXDM_DCM) und eine daraus abgeleitete Fraktion (PSD01_03) in C. elegans vielversprechende Wirkung, da sie die Lebensdauer der Nematoden signifikant verlängerten. Darüber hinaus wurden die Proben in einem zellbasierten In-vitro-Assay in HUVECs auf ihre entzündungshemmende Eigenschaft untersucht. PSD01_03 zeigte in beiden Testsystemen vielversprechende Ergebnisse. Daher wurde die Arbeit in zwei Themenbereiche eingeteilt: Die phytochemische Untersuchung einer bioaktiven Fraktion aus P. santalinus, die die Lebensspanne von C. elegans positiv beeinflusst, und die Anwendung eines biochemometrischen Ansatzes zur gezielten Isolierung entzündungshemmender Substanzen in P. santalinus.
description: The growing proportion of the elderly population and the associated chronic diseases pose an ever-increasing challenge to health care systems in countries all over the world. Therefore, one focus of today’s research is on deciphering the mechanisms of the aging process and finding new targets that positively influence the lifespan. Measuring the lifespan of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a very popular tool in aging research to evaluate the life-extending effect of natural products. In a previous study, a lead-like enhanced extract generated from the heartwood of Pterocarpus santalinus (i.e., red sandalwood; PtesanXDM), the DCM fraction of PtesanXDM (PtesanXDM_DCM) and one sub-fraction (PSD01_03), showed promising effects in C. elegans by significantly prolonging the nematodes’ lifespan. Apart from this, the samples were also screened in a cell-based in vitro assay in HUVECs to assess their anti-inflammatory property. PSD01_03 showed promising results in both test systems and based on these, this sub-fraction was selected for an in-depth investigation resulting in two subject areas in this thesis: The phytochemical investigation of a bioactive fraction from P. santalinus affecting the health span of C. elegans, and application of a biochemometric approach for the targeted isolation of in vitro anti-inflammatory compounds in P. santalinus.
How eigenmode self-interaction affects zonal flows and convergence of tokamak core turbulence with toroidal system size
Creators: name: J., Ajay C.
name: Brunner, Stephan
name: McMillan, Ben
name: Ball, Justin
name: Dominski, Julien
name: Merlo, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-interaction is the process by which a microturbulence eigenmode that is extended along the direction parallel to the magnetic field interacts with itself non-linearly. This effect is particularly significant in gyrokinetic simulations accounting for kinetic passing electron dynamics. Self-interaction is known to generate stationary $E\times B$ zonal flow shear layers at radial locations near low order mode rational surfaces [Weikl et. al., Phys. Plasmas 25, 072305 (2018)]. We find however that it also plays a significant role in generating fluctuating zonal flows, which is critical to regulating transport throughout the radial extent. Unlike the usual picture of zonal flow drive where microturbulence eigenmodes coherently amplify the flow, the self-interaction drive of zonal flows from these eigenmodes are uncorrelated with each other. It is shown that the associated shearing rate of the fluctuating zonal flows therefore reduces as more toroidal modes are resolved in the simulation. In flux-tube simulations accounting for the full toroidal domain, such an increase in the density of toroidal modes corresponds to an increase in the system size, leading to a finite system size effect that is distinct from the well-known profile shearing effect.
Determination of Nonlinear Genetic Architecture using Compressed Sensing
Creators: name: Ho, Chiu Man
name: Hsu, Stephen D. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a statistical method that can reconstruct nonlinear genetic models (i.e., including epistasis, or gene-gene interactions) from phenotype-genotype (GWAS) data. The computational and data resource requirements are similar to those necessary for reconstruction of linear genetic models (or identification of gene-trait associations), assuming a condition of generalized sparsity, which limits the total number of gene-gene interactions. An example of a sparse nonlinear model is one in which a typical locus interacts with several or even many others, but only a small subset of all possible interactions exist. It seems plausible that most genetic architectures fall in this category. Our method uses a generalization of compressed sensing (L1-penalized regression) applied to nonlinear functions of the sensing matrix. We give theoretical arguments suggesting that the method is nearly optimal in performance, and demonstrate its effectiveness on broad classes of nonlinear genetic models using both real and simulated human genomes.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1408.3421
Inflation in a modified radiative seesaw model
Creators: name: Budhi, Romy H. S.
name: Kashiwase, Shoichi
name: Suematsu, Daijiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of the inflationary era in the early Universe seems to be strongly supported by recent CMB observations. However, only a few realistic inflation scenarios which have close relation to particle physics seem to have been known unfortunately. The radiative neutrino mass model with inert doublet dark matter is a promising model for the present experimental issues which cannot be explained within the standard model. In order to make the model include inflation, we extend it by a complex scalar field with a specific potential. This scalar could be closely related to the neutrino mass generation at a TeV scale as well as inflation. We show that the inflation favored by the CMB observations could be realized even if inflaton takes sub-Planck values during inflation.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures
title: Der Einfluss eines handlungsorientierten Natur- und Selbsterfahrungsseminars nach IOA® auf Stressbewältigungsstrategien
Creators: name: Jank, Elisa
Year: 2021

description: Der Begriff „Stress“ hält immer mehr Einzug in das menschliche Leben und nimmt stetig an Bedeutung als gesundheitlicher Risikofaktor zu. Die vorliegende Arbeit fokussiert sich auf den Aspekt der erfolgreichen Stressbewältigung durch Stärkung individueller Bewältigungskompetenzen. Ziel ist, den Einfluss eines handlungsorientierten Natur- und Selbsterfahrungsseminars nach IOA® auf Stressbewältigungsstrategien zu untersuchen. Neben der Erhebung und Analyse der Stressoren, stressbezogenen Bewertungen/Einstellungen, Stressreaktionen und der drei Bewältigungsmodalitäten stand folgende Fragestellung im Zentrum der Forschung: Wie wirkt sich ein handlungsorientiertes Natur- und Selbsterfahrungsseminar nach IOA® auf die instrumentellen, mentalen und palliativ-regenerativen Stressbewältigungsstrategien aus? Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfragen wurde eine qualitative Studie mit Rettungssanitäter*innen des Österreichischen Roten Kreuzes durchgeführt. Sechs der insgesamt neun problemzentrierten Interviews, die sechs Wochen nach dem Seminar stattfanden, wurden ausgewertet. Die qualitative Inhaltsanalyse, die sich an Kaluzas Stressbewältigungsmodell (2011, 2012) orientiert, zeigt, dass die Intervention alle drei Arten des Stressmanagements anspricht und auch sechs Wochen später wirkt. Im Zusammenhang mit dem Seminar wird die instrumentelle Stressbewältigung am häufigsten genannt, gefolgt von der mentalen und palliativ-regenerativen Stressbewältigung. Das Seminar weist sechs Wochen später die höchste Wirksamkeit in der mentalen und die niedrigste in der instrumentellen Bewältigungsmodalität auf. Die Forschung gibt Hinweise auf einen effektiven Einsatz handlungsorientierter Angebote nach IOA® zur Förderung und Erweiterung persönlicher Stressmanagementfähigkeiten. In weiterer Folge können derartige IOA®-Seminare präventiv im personenbezogenen Dienstleistungssektor angeboten werden. Mit ihrem Schwerpunkt auf das persönliche Erleben, Reflektieren und Lernen in der Natur können sie sich in der derzeitigen Seminarlandschaft in den Bereichen Stressmanagement, Gesundheitsförderung und Burnout-Prävention positionieren.
Balance constants for Coxeter groups
Creators: name: Gaetz, Christian
name: Gao, Yibo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The $1/3$-$2/3$ Conjecture, originally formulated in 1968, is one of the best-known open problems in the theory of posets, stating that the balance constant (a quantity determined by the linear extensions) of any non-total order is at least $1/3$. By reinterpreting balance constants of posets in terms of convex subsets of the symmetric group, we extend the study of balance constants to convex subsets $C$ of any Coxeter group. Remarkably, we conjecture that the lower bound of $1/3$ still applies in any finite Weyl group, with new and interesting equality cases appearing.
 We generalize several of the main results towards the $1/3$-$2/3$ Conjecture to this new setting: we prove our conjecture when $C$ is a weak order interval below a fully commutative element in any acyclic Coxeter group (an generalization of the case of width-two posets), we give a uniform lower bound for balance constants in all finite Weyl groups using a new generalization of order polytopes to this context, and we introduce generalized semiorders for which we resolve the conjecture.
 We hope this new perspective may shed light on the proper level of generality in which to consider the $1/3$-$2/3$ Conjecture, and therefore on which methods are likely to be successful in resolving it.
description: 28 pages; to appear in Transactions of the AMS
Biharmonic $δ(\lowercase{r})$-ideal hypersurfaces in Euclidean spaces are minimal
Creators: name: Deepika
name: Arvanitoyeorgos, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D12, 53C40, 53C42

description: A submanifold $M^n$ of a Euclidean space $\mathbb{E}^N$ is called biharmonic if $Δ\vec{H}=0$, where $\vec{H}$ is the mean curvature vector of $M^n$. A well known conjecture of B.Y. Chen states that the only biharmonic submanifolds of Euclidean spaces are the minimal ones. Ideal submanifolds were introduced by Chen as those which receive the least possible tension at each point. In this paper we prove that every $δ(r)$-ideal biharmonic hypersurfaces in the Euclidean space $\mathbb{E}^{n+1}$ ($n\geq 3$) is minimal. In this way we generalize a recent result of B. Y. Chen and M. I. Munteanu. In particular, we show that every $δ(r)$-ideal biconservative hypersurface in Euclidean space $\mathbb{E}^{n+1}$ for $n\geq 3$ must be of constant mean curvature.
description: 9 pages