cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
PRICE RELATIONS BETWEEN JULY AND SEPTEMBER WHEAT FUTURES AT CHICAGO SINCE 1885
Creators: name: Working, Holbrook
name: Working, Holbrook
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1933
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The price spread between July and September wheat is determined primarily by current domestic supplies of all wheat in the United States, conveniently measurable in terms of July 1 carryover. Early in the season the spread may show little relation to the statistical supply position, but by June the relation normally becomes very close. Given an accurate appraisal of the domestic supply position, the price spread in June may usually be predicted with great accuracy. Substantial disparity between the actual spread in June and that to be expected from the supply statistics has occurred in eight years since 1896. In each of these years there was a peculiar market situation-usually a corner or "squeeze" in the futures market. Existence of such a disparity gives. prima facie evidence of abnormal speculative market conditions. Changes in the spread tend to occur in response to influences specifically related to the spread, and not in response to general price influences. The spread-related influences necessarily affect the price of at least one of the two futures. Under certain circumstances they affect the price of July wheat and not the price of September; under other circumstances they affect September and not July; under still other circumstances they affect the price of both futures, but July more than September. The July-September price spread is subject to conspicuous and reliably predictable seasonal changes. Most of these are related to even stronger seasonal tendencies in price of the July future, which have hitherto been only imperfectly understood because their character is dependent in part on factors related to the July-September spread in a way not previously recognized.
Dynamic critical behavior of the Swendsen--Wang Algorithm for the three-dimensional Ising model
Creators: name: Ossola, Giovanni
name: Sokal, Alan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a high-precision Monte Carlo study of the dynamic critical behavior of the Swendsen-Wang algorithm for the three-dimensional Ising model at the critical point. For the dynamic critical exponents associated to the integrated autocorrelation times of the "energy-like" observables, we find z_{int,N} = z_{int,E} = z_{int,E'} = 0.459 +- 0.005 +- 0.025, where the first error bar represents statistical error (68% confidence interval) and the second error bar represents possible systematic error due to corrections to scaling (68% subjective confidence interval). For the "susceptibility-like" observables, we find z_{int,M^2} = z_{int,S_2} = 0.443 +- 0.005 +- 0.030. For the dynamic critical exponent associated to the exponential autocorrelation time, we find z_{exp} \approx 0.481. Our data are consistent with the Coddington-Baillie conjecture z_{SW} = β/ν\approx 0.5183, especially if it is interpreted as referring to z_{exp}.
description: LaTex2e, 39 pages including 5 figures
Touché: Towards Ideal and Efficient Cache Compression By Mitigating Tag Area Overheads
Creators: name: Hong, Seokin
name: Abali, Bulent
name: Buyuktosunoglu, Alper
name: Healy, Michael B.
name: Nair, Prashant J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Compression is seen as a simple technique to increase the effective cache capacity. Unfortunately, compression techniques either incur tag area overheads or restrict data placement to only include neighboring compressed cache blocks to mitigate tag area overheads. Ideally, we should be able to place arbitrary compressed cache blocks without any placement restrictions and tag area overheads. This paper proposes Touché, a framework that enables storing multiple arbitrary compressed cache blocks within a physical cacheline without any tag area overheads. The Touché framework consists of three components. The first component, called the ``Signature'' (SIGN) engine, creates shortened signatures from the tag addresses of compressed blocks. Due to this, the SIGN engine can store multiple signatures in each tag entry. On a cache access, the physical cacheline is accessed only if there is a signature match (which has a negligible probability of false positive). The second component, called the ``Tag Appended Data'' (TADA) mechanism, stores the full tag addresses with data. TADA enables Touché to detect false positive signature matches by ensuring that the actual tag address is available for comparison. The third component, called the ``Superblock Marker'' (SMARK) mechanism, uses a unique marker in the tag entry to indicate the occurrence of compressed cache blocks from neighboring physical addresses in the same cacheline. Touché is completely hardware-based and achieves an average speedup of 12\% (ideal 13\%) when compared to an uncompressed baseline.
description: Keywords: Compression, Caches, Tag Array, Data Array, Hashing
Mass-sheet degeneracy: Fundamental limit on the cluster mass reconstruction from statistical (weak) lensing
Creators: name: Bradac, M.
name: Lombardi, M.
name: Schneider, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak gravitational lensing is considered to be one of the most powerful tools to study the mass and the mass distribution of galaxy clusters. However, weak lensing mass reconstructions are plagued by the so-called mass-sheet degeneracy--the surface mass density κof the cluster can be determined only up to a degeneracy transformation κ\to κ' = λκ+ (1 -λ), where λis an arbitrary constant. This transformation fundamentally limits the accuracy of cluster mass determinations if no further assumptions are made. We describe here a method to break the mass-sheet degeneracy in weak lensing mass maps using distortion and redshift information of background galaxies and illustrate this by two simple toy models. Compared to other techniques proposed in the past, it does not rely on any assumptions on cluster potential; it can be easily applied to non-parametric mass-reconstructions and no assumptions on boundary conditions have to be made. In addition it does not make use of weakly constrained information (such as the source number counts, used in the magnification effect). Our simulations show that we are effectively able to break the mass-sheet degeneracy for supercritical lenses, but that for undercritical lenses the mass-sheet degeneracy is very difficult to be broken, even under idealised conditions.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
NH$_3$ Observations of the S235 Star Forming Region: Dense Gas in Inter-core Bridges
Creators: name: Burns, Ross A.
name: Handa, Toshihiro
name: Omodaka, Toshihiro
name: Sobolev, Andrej M.
name: Kirsanova, Maria S.
name: Nagayama, Takumi
name: Chibueze, James O.
name: Kohno, Mikito
name: Nakano, Makoto
name: Sunada, Kazuyoshi
name: Ladeyschikov, Dmitry A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Star formation is thought to be driven by two groups of mechanisms; spontaneous collapse and triggered collapse. Triggered star formation mechanisms further diverge into cloud-cloud collision (CCC), "collect and collapse" (C\&C) and shock induced collapse of pre-existing, gravitationally stable cores, or 'radiation driven implosion' (RDI). To evaluate the contributions of these mechanisms and establish whether these processes can occur together within the same star forming region we performed mapping observations of radio frequency ammonia, and water maser emission lines in the S235 massive star forming region. Via spectral analyses of main, hyperfine and multi-transitional ammonia lines we explored the distribution of temperature and column density in the dense gas in the S235 and S235AB star forming region. The most remarkable result of the mapping observations is the discovery of high density gas in inter-core bridges which physically link dense molecular cores that house young proto-stellar clusters. The presence of dense gas implies the potential for future star formation within the system of cores and gas bridges. Cluster formation implies collapse and the continuous physical links, also seen in re-imaged archival CS and $^{13}$CO maps, suggests a common origin to the molecular cores housing these clusters, i.e the structure condensed from a single, larger parent cloud, brought about by the influence of a local expanding H${\rm II}$ region. An ammonia absorption feature co-locating with the center of the extended H${\rm II}$ region may be attributed to an older gas component left over from the period prior to formation of the H${\rm II}$ region. Our observations also detail known and new sites of water maser emission, highlighting regions of active ongoing star formation.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ
The World Wheat Situation, 1933-34: A Review of the Crop Year
Creators: name: Bennett, Merrill K.
name: Farnsworth, Helen C.
name: Bennett, Merrill K.
name: Farnsworth, Helen C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1934
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: To observers concerned with improvement in the world wheat situation, the crop year 1933-34 was one of disappointed hopes and expectations. Early indications pointed toward a world wheat crop ex-Russia small enough to assure substantial reduction of the world wheat surplus and to foreshadow a rise in wheat prices, with an accompanying measure of relief to wheat producers and to governments deeply engaged in assisting producers. Week by week as the season progressed, however, the crop forecasts and estimates made larger and larger world totals; and appraisals standing in December 1934 were some 300 million bushels-nearly 10 per cent-above forecasts current in August and September 1933. World wheat prices, low when the crop year opened, tended to fall rather than to rise in the early months. Even with an advance in the spring and early summer of 1934 associated with unfavorable development of the ] 934 crop, the average crop-year price of wheat (gold basis) on free import markets fell to a new low-an occurrence avoided, however, in several countries where national currencies were sufficiently depreciated, or where protective devices provided sufficient shelter. Governmental price fixing, direct and indirect subsidization of wheat exports, and barriers to wheat imports were more widely in evidence than ever before. Year-end stocks were brought to a new high level when the year closed. The first attempt at governmental co-operation in international wheat control was unsuccessful in its major objectives. "Wheat adjustment" in the United States, domestically a qualified success, had little or no favorable influence on the current international position. The volume of international trade in wheat and flour plumbed new post-war depths (though this was early anticipated), and ruled at the level characteristic in the first decade of the twentieth century.
MOESM2 of Phosphatidylcholine PC ae C44:6 in cerebrospinal fluid is a sensitive biomarker for bacterial meningitis
Creators: name: Araujo, Leonardo
name: Pessler, Kevin
name: Kurt-Wolfram Sühs
name: Novoselova, Natalia
name: Klawonn, Frank
name: Kuhn, Maike
name: Kaever, Volkhard
name: Müller-Vahl, Kirsten
name: Trebst, Corinna
name: Skripuletz, Thomas
name: Stangel, Martin
name: Pessler, Frank
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Demographic and clinical laboratory characteristics.
Tetramorium guineense
Creators: name: Swezey, O. H.
Publisher: name: Bernice P. Bishop Museum
Year: 1942
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Tetramorium
Tetramorium guineense

description: *19. Tetramorium guineense (Fabricius).
 Formica guineense Fabricius, Ent. Syst. 2: 357, 1793.
 Tetramorimn guinecnse (Fabricius) Bingham, Fauna Brit. India, Hymenopt. 2: 184, 1903. Wheeler, New York Ent. Soc., Jour. 20: 46, 1912; B. P. Bishop Mus., 0cc. Papers 11 (11): 30, 1935.
 This red pantropical ant is distributed throughout the Pacific area and to India. It was collected in Guam by Fullaway in 1911, and is one of the very abundant species. It was collected practically everywhere, and in many situations: in cane fields, often nesting in rotten cane, often associated with mealybugs; in the house, the garden, and lawn; nesting under bark of Pithecolobium , in dead branch of breadfruit and orange, in rotten bamboo stumps; on corn, cacao, and pumpkin vines. In one nest among bases of coconut leaf stems were the small yellow lepismicls which are inhabitants of ant nests.
description: Published as part of Swezey, O. H., 1942, Hymenoptera Formicidae of Guam, pp. 175-183 in Insects of Guam I, Honolulu, Hawaii :Bernice P. Bishop Museum on page 179, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5160270
The high energy limit of the trajectory representation of quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Floyd, Edward R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The trajectory representation in the high energy limit (Bohr correspondence principle) manifests a residual indeterminacy. This indeterminacy is compared to the indeterminacy found in the classical limit (Planck's constant to 0) [Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 15, 1363 (2000)] for particles in the classically allowed region, the classically forbiden region, and near the WKB turning point. The differences between Bohr's and Planck's principles for the trajectory representation are compared with the differences between these correspondence principles for the wave representation. The trajectory representation in the high energy limit is shown to go to neither classical nor statistical mechanics. The residual indeterminacy is contrasted to Heisenberg uncertainty. The relationship between indeterminacy and 't Hooft's information loss and equivalence classes is investigated.
description: 12 pages of LaTeX. No figures. Incorporated into the "Proceedings of the Seventh International Wigner Symposium" (ed. M. E. Noz), 24-29 August 2001, U. of Maryland. Proceedings available at http://www.physics.umd.edu/robot
Unity and Diversity of Yellow Hypergiants Family
Creators: name: Klochkova, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize the results of long-term spectral monitoring of yellow hypergiants (YHGs) of northern hemisphere with a R$\ge$60000 resolution. The spectra of these F-G stars of extremely high luminosity, compactly located at the top of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram revealed a variety of spectral features: various types of H$α$ profile, the presence (or absence) of forbidden and permitted emissions, as well as circumstellar components. Variability of spectral details of various nature is studied. Absolute luminosity, circumstellar envelope expansion rate and amplitude of pulsations are determined. The reliability of the YHG status for V1427 Aql is reliably confirmed; manifestations of a significant dynamic instability of the upper layers of the atmosphere of $ρ$ Cas after the 2017 ejection and stratification of its gas envelope are registered; the lack of companion in the system of the V509 Cas hypergiant is proven; a conclusion is made that the V1302 Aql hypergiant is approaching to the low-temperature boundary of the Yellow Void.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures
WHEAT IN THE FOURTH WAR YEAR: MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS, 1942-43
Creators: name: Farnsworth, Helen C.
name: Farnsworth, Helen C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1943
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Military developments in 1942-43 favored the United Nations. So too did the distribution of wheat and of total food supplies. Aided by a record potato crop, German Europe made adjustments to the greatest bread-grain deficiency of the war period. The United States, Canada, and Australia turned some of their surplus wheat to nonfood uses that contributed to the war effort. But shortage of shipping and shipping blockades prevented much wheat from flowing to major grain-deficit areas in three of the United NationsSoviet Russia, India, and China. Urban bread rations were reduced in various countries of the Danube basin, but elsewhere in German Europe the bread rations of the preceding year were generally maintained or increased. In most countries bread-grain supplies were stretched by greater diversion of feed grains to human consumption. This was associated with further reductions in the prevailing low rations of meat and fats. World exports of wheat and flour were smaller in 1942-43 than in any year since the late 1880's. At least 90 per cent was supplied by the four chief exporting countries, which shipped about half of their aggregate exports to the British Isles. Britain's takings were nevertheless the smallest in 25 years. This reflected the efforts of the British Ministry of Food to cut importation and consumption of foreign wheat through increase in the average wheat-extraction rate for National Flour and through new admixtures of barley and oats. The four chief exporting countries together used about as much wheat for livestock feed and alcohol production in 1942-43 as they exported to other countries. Yet at the end of the crop year the remaining wheat stocks in the four countries were by far the largest on record-more than sufficient for a year's domestic wheat consumption.
Experimental phase diagram of moving vortices
Creators: name: Hilke, M.
name: Reid, S.
name: Gagnon, R.
name: Altounian, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the mixed state of type II superconductors, vortices penetrate the sample and form a correlated system due to the screening of supercurrents around them. Interestingly, we can study this correlated system as a function of density and driving force. The density, for instance, is controlled by the magnetic field, B, whereas a current density j acts as a driving force F=jxB on all vortices. The free motion of vortices is inhibited by the presence of an underlying potential, which tends to pin the vortices. Hence, to minimize the pinning strength we studied a superconducting glass in which the depinning current is 10 to 1000 times smaller than in previous studies, which enables us to map out the complete phase diagram in this new regime. The diagram is obtained as a function of B, driving current and temperature and led a remarkable set of new results, which includes a huge peak effect, an additional reentrant depinning phase and a driving force induced pinning phase.
description: 4 pages
Finding two-dimensional peaks
Creators: name: Silagadze, Z. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional generalization of the original peak finding algorithm suggested earlier is given. The ideology of the algorithm emerged from the well known quantum mechanical tunneling property which enables small bodies to penetrate through narrow potential barriers. We further merge this ``quantum'' ideology with the philosophy of Particle Swarm Optimization to get the global optimization algorithm which can be called Quantum Swarm Optimization. The functionality of the newborn algorithm is tested on some benchmark optimization problems.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, LaTeX, uses SIAM style files, text somewhat changed, improved algorithm
Two-soliton molecule bouncing in a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates under the effect of gravity
Creators: name: Khamrakulov, Kh. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of a two-soliton molecule bouncing on the reflecting atomic mirror under the effect of gravity has been studied by analytical and numerical methods. The analytical description is based on the variational approximation. In numerical simulations, we observe the resonance oscillations of the two-soliton's center-of-mass position and width, induced by modulated atomic mirror. Theoretical predictions are verified by numerical simulations of the nonlocal Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) and qualitative agreement between them is found. Hamiltonian dynamic system for a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) has been studied.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
Dynamical Structure of Irregular Constrained Systems
Creators: name: Miskovic, Olivera
name: Zanelli, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hamiltonian systems with functionally dependent constraints (irregular systems), for which the standard Dirac procedure is not directly applicable, are discussed. They are classified according to their behavior in the vicinity of the constraint surface into two fundamental types. If the irregular constraints are multilinear (type I), then it is possible to regularize the system so that the Hamiltonian and Lagrangian descriptions are equivalent. When the constraints are power of a linear function (type II), regularization is not always possible and the Hamiltonian and Lagrangian descriptions may be dynamically inequivalent. It is shown that the inequivalence between the two formalisms can occur if the kinetic energy is an indefinite quadratic form in the velocities. It is also shown that a system of type I can evolve in time from a regular configuration into an irregular one, without any catastrophic changes. Irregularities have important consequences in the linearized approximation to nonlinear theories, as well as for the quantization of such systems. The relevance of these problems to Chern-Simons theories in higher dimensions is discussed.
description: 14 pages, no figures, references added. Final version for J. Math. Phys
MOESM1 of Phosphatidylcholine PC ae C44:6 in cerebrospinal fluid is a sensitive biomarker for bacterial meningitis
Creators: name: Araujo, Leonardo
name: Pessler, Kevin
name: Kurt-Wolfram Sühs
name: Novoselova, Natalia
name: Klawonn, Frank
name: Kuhn, Maike
name: Kaever, Volkhard
name: Müller-Vahl, Kirsten
name: Trebst, Corinna
name: Skripuletz, Thomas
name: Stangel, Martin
name: Pessler, Frank
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Diagnostic criteria and clinical information.
Italiano e dialetto fra percezione e produzione nei bambini. Il bilinguismo fallito. Una ricerca in Salento
Creators: name: De Masi, Anna Assunta
Publisher: name: Universität Bern
Year: 2020
Subjects: 450 Italian, Romanian & related languages

description: Recent studies have shown that bilingualism might influence cognitive functions other than language. The goal of this study is to detect if these advantages are also for those bilinguals speaking Italian, (national language) and dialect (local language). The research project examines developmental patterns in the narrative skills of Italian children. The research investigates a longitudinal sample of 22 children speaking only Italian (I), and 26 children speaking Italian and dialect (ID). In the first session children are in Grade 1 of two Primary schools in southern Italy; the second session, set one year later, use the same procedure of the first session, but there is an additional questionnaire about the perception of the two languages by the children. The results of this questionnaire show that there are still misconceptions about language diversity: dialect is still considered a stigma. Data are gathered by using a narrative assessment tool: the child tells a story created by ENNI (Edmonton Narrative Norms Instrument), which involves story formulation from visual material only. Afterwards, children participate in comprehension task involving the same pictures to assess Story Grammar knowledge, Complexity Index, First mentions. Results show that ID’s performances are slightly better than those of I’s ones. A part from the presence of more colloquialisms and regionalisms in ID’s productions, the results of both groups are the same:the cognitive level of the children don’t differ regardless the language used. In both groups’ productions is evident the failure of bilingualism of Italian and dialect: the languages used are semi-languages, mixed, lacking their own independence. Italian and dialect seem to oppose and phagocitise each other provoking the failure of bilingualism. Children have learnt a language already mixed instead of two different languages. Dialects have always been considered as not-languages, instead of being preserved, provoking the slow loss of dialects.
Conserving Groundwater Supply in the Arkansas Delta using On-Farm Reservoirs
Creators: name: Kovacs, Kent F.
name: Popp, Michael P.
name: Brye, Kristofor R.
name: Kovacs, Kent F.
name: Popp, Michael P.
name: Brye, Kristofor R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Groundwater
subject: Reservoirs
subject: Farms

description: We model water use, aquifer recharge and producer returns over 30 years in three watersheds to determine impact of modified water cost and construction of reservoirs. To maintain groundwater resources, raising cost of pumped water by a buffer value to the aquifer resource and using surface storage looked most promising.
What contributes to gender parity in science? A Bayesian Network analysis
Creators: name: González-Salmón, Elvira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Presentation used during the 28th International Conference on Science, Technology and Innovation Indicators, 2024. 

Project supported by FPU2021 Fellowship (Ministerio de Universidades) and COMPARE Project (PID2020-117007RA-100)
Do Students See the Big Picture: General Versus Discipline Specific Education
Creators: name: Roberts, Jason
name: Mehlhorn, Sandy
name: Mehlhorn, Joey
name: Roberts, Jason
name: Mehlhorn, Sandy
name: Mehlhorn, Joey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: undergraduate education
subject: student perceptions
subject: discipline specific courses

description: Many students have difficulty connecting the concepts taught in general education courses to their career. Most see value in the discipline specific courses taken for the major. Students in the survey consistently rated discipline specific courses as more important than general courses, even if they were in the same area.
Analysis of Bias in Gathering Information Between User Attributes in News Application
Creators: name: Seki, Yoshifumi
name: Yoshida, Mitsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the process of information gathering on the web, confirmation bias is known to exist, exemplified in phenomena such as echo chambers and filter bubbles. Our purpose is to reveal how people consume news and discuss these phenomena. In web services, we are able to use action logs of a service to investigate these phenomena. However, many existing studies about these phenomena are conducted via questionnaires, and there are few studies using action logs. In this paper, we attempt to discover biases of information gathering due to differences in user demographic attributes, such as age and gender, from the behavior log of the news distribution service. First, we summarized the actions in the service for each user attribute and showed the difference of user behavior depending on the attributes. Next, the degree of correlation between the attributes was measured using the correlation coefficient, and a strong correlation was found to exist in the browsing tendency of the news articles between the attributes. Then, the bias of keywords between attributes was discovered, keywords with bias in behavior among the attributes were found using parameters of regression analysis. Since these discovered keywords are almost explainable by big news, our proposed method is effective in detecting biased keywords.
description: 8 pages, 13 figure, IEEE BigData 2018 Workshop : The 3rd International Workshop on Application of Big Data for Computational Social Science (ABCSS2018)
Rate observables for cosmology and heavy ion collision experiments
Creators: name: Jackson, Gregory Scott
Publisher: name: Universität Bern
Year: 2020
Subjects: 530 Physics

description: The early universe is perhaps the best conceivable multi-particle system in nature, for which the degrees of freedom are those of the Standard Model. This elementary particle plasma traced a path through its phase diagram, while evolving, that was largely determined by the underlying symmetries of the theory. Another trajectory, through the same phase diagram, is followed in a central collision between two heavy nuclei at high energies. Fortunately, theoretical methods developed and tested for heavy ion collision experiments are also proving useful in cosmology, and vice versa . We demonstrate this by giving context to (and summarising) the work in Refs. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. Important properties can be studied through the `eyes' of different probes that escape a thermal medium. In this thesis we consider three: Photons, neutrinos and gravitational waves. Each of these signals is a forensic tool for one or another facet of the Standard Model at finite temperature. Among the dynamical observables, interaction rates for hot gauge theories are conceptually interesting in their own right because they are sensitive to many scales in the problem. It is therefore crucial to evaluate the predictive power of perturbative approximations, either by examining higher-order terms or by comparing them with non-perturbative information. Keywords: perturbation theory, interaction rate, quark-gluon plasma, electroweak phase transition, gravitational radiation, hydrodynamics. References [1] G. Jackson and M. Laine Eur. Phys. J. C78 (Apr, 2018) 304, arXiv:1803.01871 [hep-ph]. [2] G. Jackson Phys. Rev. D100 no. 11, (2019) 116019, arXiv:1910.07552 [hep-ph]. [3] G. Jackson and M. Laine JHEP 11 (2019) 144, arXiv:1910.09567 [hep-ph]. [4] G. Jackson and M. Laine Nucl. Phys. B950 (2020) 114870, arXiv:1910.12880 [hep-ph]. [5] J. Ghiglieri, G. Jackson, M. Laine, and Y. Zhu JHEP 07 (2020) 092, arXiv:2004.11392 [hep-ph].
Opto-thermoelectric pulling of light-absorbing particles
Creators: name: Lin, Linhan
name: Kollipara, Pavana Siddhartha
name: Kotnala, Abhay
name: Jiang, Taizhi
name: Liu, Yaoran
name: Peng, Xiaolei
name: Korgel, Brian A.
name: Zheng, Yuebing
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Opto-thermoelectric

description: Optomechanics arises from the photon momentum and its exchange with low-dimensional objects. It is well known that optical radiation exerts pressure on objects, pushing them along the light path. However, optical pulling of an object against the light path is still a counter-intuitive phenomenon. Herein, we present a general concept of optical pulling—opto-thermoelectric pulling (OTEP)—where the optical heating of a light-absorbing particle using a simple plane wave can pull the particle itself against the light path. This irradiation orientation-directed pulling force imparts self-restoring behaviour to the particles, and three-dimensional (3D) trapping of single particles is achieved at an extremely low optical intensity of 10 −2 mW μm−2. Moreover, the OTEP force can overcome the short trapping range of conventional optical tweezers and optically drive the particle ﬂow up to a macroscopic distance. The concept of self- induced opto-thermomechanical coupling is paving the way towards freeform optoﬂuidic technology and lab-on-a- chip devices.
MOESM7 of Prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility and virulence factors of Enterococcus species in racing pigeons (Columba livia f. domestica)
Creators: name: Dolka, Beata
name: Michał Czopowicz
name: Chrobak-Chmiel, Dorota
name: Ledwoń, Aleksandra
name: Szeleszczuk, Piotr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 7. Sequences of PCR primers, products size, and positive controls used in this study. Reference: Jackson et al. 2004 [19].
Complexities of convex combinations and bounding the generalization error in classification
Creators: name: Koltchinskii, Vladimir
name: Panchenko, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G05 (Primary) 62G20, 60F15 (Secondary)

description: We introduce and study several measures of complexity of functions from the convex hull of a given base class. These complexity measures take into account the sparsity of the weights of a convex combination as well as certain clustering properties of the base functions involved in it. We prove new upper confidence bounds on the generalization error of ensemble (voting) classification algorithms that utilize the new complexity measures along with the empirical distributions of classification margins, providing a better explanation of generalization performance of large margin classification methods.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009053605000000228 in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Political polarisation on social media in different national contexts
Creators: name: Urman, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: Universität Bern
Year: 2020
Subjects: 070 News media, journalism & publishing
320 Political science

description: The present dissertation examines the phenomenon of political polarisation on social media. Specifically, the dissertation addresses the question of how the intensity of polarisation and the ideological lines along which it occurs might vary between different national contexts. First, it explores the differences in the intensity of political polarisation on Twitter in 16 democratic countries (Article 1). Second, it examines the ideological lines along which polarisation occurs in two non-Western contexts, specifically among Russian (Article 2) and Ukrainian (Article 3) users of Vkontakte – a social media platform popular among users from post-Soviet states. The dissertation demonstrates that the levels of political polarisation differ dramatically between countries. In democracies, polarisation tends to be lowest in multi-party systems with proportional electoral rules (e.g., Sweden), and the highest in pluralist two-party systems (e.g., United States). It also shows that, in non-democratic non- Western contexts, polarisation does not necessarily run along the left–right spectrum or party system lines. In authoritarian regimes or those with less stable party systems, polarisation runs along the lines of other issues that are more politically relevant in a given context. In Russia, polarisation manifests itself along pro-regime vs anti-regimes lines, whereas in Ukraine, polarisation happens around geopolitical issues. Polarisation on social media thus tends to reflect existing political cleavages and their intensity, in line with the theory of political parallelism. The major implication of this dissertation in the context of research into polarisation on social media is that findings on the topic from single-country studies that come from Western democratic contexts should be interpreted with caution, as they are not necessarily generalisable. To make generalisable inferences about the relationship between social media and political polarisation, more comparative studies are needed, as well as studies that take into account platform affordances and the causal mechanisms that might drive polarisation.
Vibrations of a chain of Xe atoms in a groove of carbon nanotube bundle
Creators: name: Cvitas, Marko T.
name: Siber, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a lattice dynamics study of the vibrations of a linear chain of Xe adsorbates in groove positions of a bundle of carbon nanotubes. The characteristic phonon frequencies are calculated and the adsorbate polarization vectors discussed. Comparison of the present results with the ones previously published shows that the adsorbate vibrations cannot be treated as completely decoupled from the vibrations of carbon nanotubes and that a significant hybridization between the adsorbate and the tube modes occurs for phonons of large wavelengths.
description: 3 PS figures
The Distance and Interstellar Sight Line to GX339-4
Creators: name: Hynes, R. I.
name: Steeghs, D.
name: Casares, J.
name: Charles, P. A.
name: O'Brien, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distance to the black hole binary GX339-4 remains a topic of debate. We examine high-resolution optical spectra of the NaD lines resolving the velocity structure along the line of sight. We find this to be complex, with at least nine components, mostly blue-shifted, spanning a velocity range of nearly 200km/s. The presence of components with a large blue-shift rules out a nearby location and requires that the binary be located at or beyond the tangent point, implying a lower limit to the distance of ~6kpc. The presence of a significant red-shifted component at +30km/s is even more intriguing as GX339-4 also has a slightly positive systemic velocity, suggesting that the source, and this cloud, could be on the far side of the Galaxy, where the radial velocities due to Galactic rotation become positive again. If this is the case, we require a distance of ~15kpc. This is less secure than the 6kpc lower limit however. We discuss the implications of these possible distances for the outburst and quiescent luminosities, and the nature of the companion star, and argue that a large distance is consistent with these characteristics. In particular, it would explain the non-detection of the companion star during the faintest states.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Revisiting, resolving and unifying the nanochannel-microchannel electrical resistance paradigm
Creators: name: Green, Yoav
name: Abu-Rjal, Ramadan
name: Eshel, Ran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Until recently, the accepted paradigm was that the Ohmic electrical response of nanochannel-microchannel systems is determined solely by the nanochannel while the effects of the adjacent microchannels are negligible. Two, almost identical, models were suggested to rationalize experimental observations that appeared to confirm the paradigm. However, recent works have challenged this paradigm and shown that the microchannels contribute in a non-negligible manner, and thus these two models are inadequate in describing realistic nanochannel-microchannel systems. Two newer nanochannel-microchannel models were suggested to replace the nanochannel-dominant models. These models were limited to either very low or very high concentrations. Here, we review these four leading models. The most popular is shown to be incorrect, while the remaining models are unified under a newly derived solution which shows remarkable correspondence to simulations and experiments. The unifying model can be used to improve the design of any nanofluidic based systems as the physics are more transparent, and the need for complicated time-consuming preliminary simulations and experiments has been eliminated.
MOESM6 of Prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility and virulence factors of Enterococcus species in racing pigeons (Columba livia f. domestica)
Creators: name: Dolka, Beata
name: Michał Czopowicz
name: Chrobak-Chmiel, Dorota
name: Ledwoń, Aleksandra
name: Szeleszczuk, Piotr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 6. The sensitivity, specificity of three tests (API, Multiplex PCR and sequencing) in identification of Enterococcus species in pigeons.
World Wide Web? A closer look at the transnational online public discourse on climate change
Creators: name: Reber, Ueli
Publisher: name: Universität Bern
Year: 0
Subjects: 300 Social sciences, sociology & anthropology

description: This dissertations pursues three research objectives: (1) map how transnational the online public discourse on the global phenomenon of climate change is, (2) understand the role of the (trans)nationalized online public discourses on climate change in today’s hybrid media system, and (3) find, implement, and validate computational methods to study public discourses across different political and language spaces. Devoted to these objectives, the three articles included in this thesis produced the following results: (1) The public discourse on climate change is transnationalized to a considerable degree. First, the same topics define the issue in the countries studied. However, some of the topics are of different importance to the actors in these countries. Second, the discourses in the countries are shaped by both domestic and foreign actors. However, the scope of transnationalization is restricted to countries of the Global North, with a clear bias towards the United States. The Global South is thus a blind spot. (2) For the studied case of Germany, there is no evidence for continuous resonance among climate change skeptics’ online communication and legacy media. However, there are occasions of selective resonance when climate change skeptics manage to exploit specific events to push their perspectives and positions onto the mass media’s agenda. The influence of the transnational skeptical counter-movement on German mainstream discourse is therefore limited. (3) The combination of machine translation and topic models is a great option when it comes to the automated analysis of large multilingual corpora. Regardless of whether full texts or only the vocabulary of a corpus is translated, the approach produces reliable and robust results. Moreover, the analysis of transnational discourse convergence has shown that machine translation and topic models can also be used for comparative research.
The topological hypothesis on phase transitions: the simplest case
Creators: name: Teixeira, Ana C. Ribeiro
name: Stariolo, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We critically analyze the possibility of finding signatures of a phase transition by looking exclusively at static quantities of statistical systems, like e.g., the topology of potential energy sub-manifolds (PES). This topological hypothesis has been successfully tested in a few statistical models but up to now there is no rigorous proof of its general validity. We make a new test of it analyzing the, probably, simplest example of a non trivial system undergoing a continuous phase transition: the completely connected version of the spherical model. Going through the topological properties of its PES it is shown that, as expected, the phase transition is correlated with a change in their topology. Nevertheless this change, as reflected in the behavior of a particular topological invariant, the Euler characteristic, is small at variance with the strong singularity observed in other systems. Furthermore, it is shown that in the presence of an external field, when the phase transition is destroyed, a similar topology change in the sub-manifolds is still observed at the maximum value of the potential energy manifold, a level which nevertheless is thermodynamically inaccessible. This suggests that static properties of the PES are not enough in order to decide whether a phase transition will take place, some input from dynamics seems necessary.
description: to appear in Phys. Rev. E
Frische Fische und prunkvolle Bankette: Handeln, Sammeln, Konsumieren und Imaginieren im Antwerpener Stillleben, 1610-1660
Creators: name: Wyssenbach, Stefanie
Publisher: name: Universität Bern
Year: 2017
Subjects: 700 Arts
750 Painting

description: Die Arbeit fokussiert die visuell-historischen Verbindungen zwischen der Malerei und der Stadt Antwerpen und legt dar, auf welch spezifische Weise die Bilder mit der Stadt an der Schelde als urbanes Markt- und Handelszentrum der Frühen Neuzeit verflochten waren. Zentraler Untersuchungsgegenstand sind zwei Gruppen von Gemälden. Bei der ersten handelt es sich um monumentale Darstellungen von Marktständen mit Fischen von Frans Snijders (1579–1657). Die zweite Gruppe umfasst so genannte Prunkstillleben von Adriaen van Utrecht (1599–1652) und Jan Davidsz. de Heem (1606–1683/1684), die unter anderem exotische Früchte, Papageien, kostbare Muscheln, gläserne Artefakte und Porzellangefässe zur Schau stellen. Im Fokus stehen somit Werke, die unterschiedlichste natürliche und von Menschenhand geschaffene Objekte zeigen. Gemein ist allen Bildern, dass sie in besonderem Masse Objekte inszenieren, welche durch ihre Verbundenheit mit dem Wasser und hierüber mit der Schifffahrt sowie mit dem internationalen Handel charakterisiert sind. Eine weitere Gemeinsamkeit ist ihr Entstehungsort – die Stadt Antwerpen. Mit dem Stillleben werden die Gemälde zudem zumeist einer Gattung zugeordnet, die von der Kunsttheorie lange Zeit geringeschätzt wurde. In der Studie werden die Bilder selbst als hochästhetische Produkte, aber auch die in den Gemälden dargestellten Objekte, allen voran Fische, Papageien und gläserne Artefakte, analysiert und ein Netz aus Querverbindungen zwischen Gemälden, Stadt, Sammlern, Inventaren, Sammlungen und Objekten gespannt.