Pholcus seokmodoensis Lee & Lee 2021, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Lee, Jun-Gi
name: Lee, Jun-Ho
name: Choi, Doo-Young
name: Park, Sun-Jae
name: Kim, A-Young
name: Kim, Sam-Kyu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Pholcidae
Pholcus
Pholcus seokmodoensis

description: Pholcus seokmodoensis Lee & Lee, sp. nov.
Figs. 1G–H, 2G–H, 9, 10, 14M–R, 16
Type material. Holotype: ♂, SOUTH KOREA: Incheon: Ganghwa-gun, Samsan-myeon, Bomunsa temple in Mt. Nakgasan, Seokmodo Is. (37˚41'18"N, 126˚19'15"E), 19 Jun. 2014, DY Choi leg. (NIBR). Paratypes: 5♂ 2♀, same data as for holotype (KISE); 3♀, same data as for holotype (KNU).
Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the type locality, Seokmodo Is.
Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from the other congeners by the combination of following characteristics: Male—procursus tip with round and flat dorsal process and sclerotized prolateral process; uncus oval. Female—epigynal anterior plate moderately protruded, posterolateral margin slightly extended posteriorly; lateral portion of epigynal posterior plate very slightly extended posteriorly, median portion broadly extended in ventral view, with sclerotized areas laterally; pore plates of internal genitalia narrowly oblong, medially located and positioned parallel vertically.
Description. Male (holotype). Habitus as in Fig. 1G. Total length 5.5. Prosoma 1.6 long, 1.6 wide. Diameter of AME 110 µm, ALE 180 µm, PME 160 µm, PLE 180 µm. AME–AME 60 µm, PME–PME 220 µm, PME–ALE 60 µm. Chelicera (Fig. 2G–H) with thumb-like proximo-lateral apophysis, small, ventrally curved frontal apophysis and ventrally curved, notched triangular distal apophysis longer than proximo-lateral apophysis; Opisthosoma 3.8 long, 1.7 wide. Leg Ⅰ 48.5 (12.3 + 0.8 + 12.3 + 20.8 + 2.3), leg II 31.9 (8.8 + 0.8 + 8.0 + 12.8 + 1.5), leg III 21.5 (6.2 + 0.7 + 5.1 + 8.3 + 1.2), leg IV 28.8 (8.3 + 0.8 + 7.1 + 11.1 + 1.5). Ratio of leg Ⅰ (16.4: 1.0: 16.4: 27.8: 3.1), leg II (11.3: 1.0: 10.3: 16.4: 1.9), leg III (8.9: 1.0: 7.3: 11.8: 1.7), leg IV (10.8: 1.0: 9.2: 14.4: 2.0). Leg formula 1243. Tibia Ⅰ L/d 62. Retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia Ⅰ at 5% proximally. Tarsus Ⅰ with 31 pseudosegments. For the other somatic features see description of the species-group above. Palp (Fig. 9). Trochanter apophysis (Fig. 9A–B) shorter than femur, slender, distinctly elongated and slightly curved, with tubercle proximo-retrolaterally; femur ventrally swollen; tibia with prolatero-ventral tubercle; procursus (Fig. 9B) dark brown, strongly bent dorsally, with moderate ventral knee; dorso-subdistal portion of procursus linear, with one short hair and two spines (Fig. 9C); procursus tip (Fig. 9C–E) with two ridges retrolaterally, elongated round dorsal process (arrowed in Fig. 9D), sclerotized flat prolateral process (arrowed in Fig. 9C), and slender, distally blunt ventral process (arrowed in Fig. 9E); genital bulb round, pale yellow; uncus (Fig. 9F) dark brown, oval, with many tiny scales marginally; pseudoappendix (Fig. 9G) tiny and round, hidden by uncus prolaterally; embolus (Fig. 9G) pale yellow, slender and distally fringed, weakly sclerotized, twice as long as uncus.
Female (one of paratypes from the same locality as holotype). Habitus as in Fig. 1H. Total length 5.2. Prosoma 1.6 long, 1.6 wide. Diameter of AME 90 µm, ALE 160 µm, PME 150 µm, PLE 150 µm. AME–AME 50 µm, PME–PME 190 µm, PME–ALE 40 µm. Opisthosoma 3.3 long, 1.9 wide. Leg Ⅰ 32.1 (8.0 + 0.6 + 8.0 + 13.2 + 2.3), leg II 21.8 (5.9 + 0.6 + 5.4 + 8.6 + 1.3), leg III 16.1 (4.6 + 0.6 + 4.0 + 5.8 + 1.1), leg IV 21.8 (6.1 + 0.6 + 5.5 + 8.2 + 1.4). Ratio of leg Ⅰ (12.8: 1.0: 12.9: 21.3: 3.7), leg II (9.1: 1.0: 8.4: 13.4: 2.1), leg III (7.7: 1.0: 6.7: 9.6: 1.9), leg IV (10.8: 1.0: 9.6: 14.4: 2.5). Leg formula 1423. Tibia Ⅰ L/d 44. For the other somatic features see description of the species-group above. Epigyne (Fig. 10A–C). Anterior plate moderately protruded, half as high as epigyne length, posterolateral margin slightly extended posteriorly; anterior cuticle sclerotized; posterior plate bright ivory, 0.1 times as long as anterior plate, lateral portion very slightly extended posteriorly, median portion broadly extended in ventral view, with sclerotized areas laterally; epigynal knob triangular and distally round, shorter than posterior plate. Internal genitalia (Fig. 10D).Anterior arch wavy; genital valve round; posterolateral portion strongly curved and protruded dorsally; pore plates narrowly oblong, medially located and positioned parallel vertically.
Variation. Males. Prosoma width: 1.6–1.8 (mean 1.7), tibia Ⅰ: 10.6–13.9 (mean 11.8) (n=6).An intrapopulational variation was observed on the shape of the rounded dorsal process (Fig. 14M, P).
Females. Prosoma width: 1.4–1.7 (mean 1.6), tibia Ⅰ: 7.9–8.4 (mean 8.2) (n=5). An intrapopulational variation was observed on the shape of the lateral portion and in the distance between pore plates of the internal genitalia (Fig. 14O, R), but the epigynal shapes were largely consistent (Fig. 14N, Q).
Habitat information. This species was found on rock walls and road drains in mountainous regions.
Distribution. Korea (Seokmodo Is., Incheon) (Fig. 16)
description: Published as part of Lee, Jun-Gi, Lee, Jun-Ho, Choi, Doo-Young, Park, Sun-Jae, Kim, A-Young & Kim, Sam-Kyu, 2021, Five new species of the genus Pholcus Walckenaer (Araneae: Pholcidae) from South Korea, pp. 61-77 in Zootaxa 5052 (1) on pages 70-72, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5052.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/5565987