Jumellea arachnantha Schltr.
Creators: name: Rakotoarivelo, Fanny
name: Pailler, Thierry
name: Faliniaina, Lucien
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Jumellea
Jumellea arachnantha

description: 2. <i>Jumellea arachnantha</i> (Rchb. f.) Schltr. (Fig. 4) <i>Beihefte zum Botanischen Centralblatt</i> 33 (2): 428 (1915); Perrier de la Bâthie <i>in</i> Humbert H. (éd.), <i>Flore de Madagascar</i>, 49e fam., Orchidées 2: 164 (1941); Stewart <i>et al.</i>, <i>Angraecoid orchids</i>: 186 (2006). — Basionym: <i>Aeranthes arachnanthus</i> Rchb.f., <i>Flora</i> 68: 539 (1885); <i>Mystacidium arachnanthus</i> (Rchb. f.) T. Durand &amp; Schinz, <i>Conspectus</i> <i>Florae Africae</i> 5: 52 (1895). — Type: Comoros, Grande Comore, XII.1884, Combani, <i>Humblot 1423</i> (Lecto-, W! [W-Rchb.Orch. 0011606, “gladiator”], designated here); isolecto-, P [P00090526, P00090527, P00090528]!). <i>Jumelllea gladiator</i> (Rchb. f.) Schltr., <i>Beihefte zum Botanischen Centralblatt</i> 33 (2): 429 (1915); Perrier de la Bâthie <i>in</i> Humbert H. (ed.), <i>Flore de Madagascar</i>, 49 e fam., Orchidées 2: 169 (1941); Stewart <i>et al.</i>, <i>Angraecoid orchids</i>: 186 (2006). — Basionym: <i>Aeranthes gladiator</i> Rchb.f., <i>Flora</i> 68: 539 (1885); <i>Mystacidium gladiator</i> (Rchb.) T. Durand &amp; Schinz, <i>Conspectus Florae Africae</i> 5: 53 (1895). — Lectotype (designated here): Comoros, Grande Comore, Combani, XII.1884, <i>Humblot 1415</i> (Lecto-, W! [W-Rchb.Orch. 0011607, “arachnantha”]; isolecto-, P [P 00090558, P 00090559, P 00090560, P 00090561]!, W [W-Rchb.Orch. 0011606, “arachnantha”]!). <b>Syn. nov.</b> <i>Jumellea phalaenophora</i> (Rchb. f.) Schltr., <i>Beihefte zum Botanischen Centralblatt</i> 33: 430 (1915); Perrier de la Bâthie <i>in</i> Humbert H. (éd.), <i>Flore de Madagascar</i>, 49 e fam., Orchidées 2: 181 (1941); Stewart <i>et al.</i>, <i>Angraecoid orchids</i>: 186 (2006). — Basionym: <i>Aeranthes phalaenophora</i> Rchb.f., Flora 68: 539 (1885); <i>Mystacidium phalaenophorum</i> (Rchb.f.) T.Durand &amp; Schinz, <i>Conspectus Florae Africae</i>, V, 54 (1892). — Type: Comoros, <i>s.loc.</i>, <i>Humblot s.n.</i> (holo-, W! [W-Rchb. Orch.0011603]). <b>Syn. nov.</b> SPECIMENS EXAMINED. <b> <i>—</i> Comoros. Anjouan, Mt. Remani, X.1958, <i>Benson 238</i> (BM, P [P00213132, P00213133, P00213134]!)</b> ; Dindi forest, <i>Rakotozafy</i> <i>1091</i> (P [P00213138]!). — Grande Comore, Maoueni, La Grille forest, 780 m, 11.XI.1999, <i>Labat et al. 3089</i> (P [P00183938, P00183939, P00183940]!, BR, CNDRS, G, K, MO); Mt. Karthala, XII.1986, <i>Pettersson</i> <i>C12</i> (K); <i>s.loc.</i>, IV.1989, <i>Monnerat s.n.</i> (P [P00213137]!); Hantsangoma, 19.X.2008, <i>Rouhan 740</i> (P [P00684785]!); Hantsangoma, 19.X.2008, <i>Rouhan et al. 740</i> (KM); La Grille Massif, Hantsongoma, 11°27’51.8’’S, 43°20’25.4’’E, 1076 m, 27.II.2009, <i>Rakotoarivelo et al. 042</i> (REU!); Karthala, III.2010, <i>Blambert HB11</i> (REU!). — Mohéli, Forêt de St Antoine, 1996, <i>Moulaert 0.5</i> (P [P00749769]!); Oualah II, 12°21’06.4’’S, 43°45’43.6’’E, 401 m, 2.III.2009, <i>Rakotoarivelo et al. 084</i> (REU!). DISTRIBUTION. — Endemic to the Comoros (Grande Comore, Mohéli, and Anjouan), from 400 to 1400 m elevation. DESCRIPTION Epiphyte, acaulescent or sub-acaulescent, robust. Leaves large (28-45 × 3-6 cm), oblong, conduplicate at the base, bilobate obtuse at the apex. Peduncle long (7-25 cm), bearing 5 to 6 sterile and tubular bracts at the base, the three first are inserted at the base and the three other distributed irregularly along the peduncle. Inflorescences numerous (2-10). Fertile bract (6-11 mm) tubular, inserted at the base of the pedicellate ovary (4-10 cm). Flower white, the perianth parts of the same size, oblong and acuminate (22-30 × 10-15 mm); lip spathulate (30-45 × 10-15 mm), slightly folded, narrower at the base, widened in the middle, acuminate and carinate at the apex. Spur enlarged, angled, 4-6.5 cm length. Column thin and very short (3 mm long and 2.5 mm in height); lobes of the rostellum acute on the external tips, covered by the anther cap at the upper and joined tips, between which a very small and acute median tongue of the rostellum is visible. Anther cap crested. Capsule fusiform. REMARKS <i>Jumellea arachnantha</i> and <i>J. gladiator</i> are very difficult to distinguish from each other (Stewart <i>et al.</i> 2006). They occur in the same habitat and have the same vegetative and floral aspects. According to Schlechter (1915), both species differ only in their inflorescence lengths. <i>Jumellea arachnanta</i> have a pedicellate ovary longer than the peduncle and the reverse for <i>J. gladiator</i>. However, as we noticed with other <i>Jumellea</i> species, peduncle length is a character which may vary from one plant to another and may increase between two flowering stages. Therefore we consider <i>J. arachnantha</i> and <i>J. gladiator</i> to be conspecific. According to the specimen type and the morphological description by Perrier de la Bâthie (1941), <i>J. phalaenophora</i> is also synonym to <i>J. arachnantha</i> and <i>J. gladiator.</i>
description: Published as part of <i>Rakotoarivelo, Fanny, Pailler, Thierry &amp; Faliniaina, Lucien, 2013, Revision of the genus Jumellea Schltr. (Orchidaceae) from the Comoros Archipelago, pp. 33-46 in Adansonia (3) (3) 35 (1)</i> on pages 38-40, DOI: 10.5252/a2013n1a3, http://zenodo.org/record/5371059
description: {"references": ["STEWART J., HERMANS J. &amp; CAMPBELL B. 2006. - Angraecoid orchids: Species from the African Region. Timber Press, Portland, 431 p.", "SCHLECHTER R. 1915. - Kritische Aufzaehlung der bisher von Madagaskar, den Maskarenen, Komoren und Seychellen bekanntgewordenen Orchidaceen, in UHLWORM O. (ed.), Beihefte zum Botanischen Centrablatt 33: 390 - 440.", "PERRIER DE LA BATHIE H. 1941. - Orchidaceae, volume 2, in HUMBERT H. (ed.), Flore de Madagascar et des Comores, 49. Antananarivo, Madagascar: 157 - 184."]}