cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multi-bubble nodal solutions to slightly subcritical elliptic problems with Hardy terms in symmetric domains
Creators: name: Bartsch, Thomas
name: Guo, Qianqiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q40

description: We consider the slightly subcritical elliptic problem with Hardy term $$ \left\{ \begin{aligned} -Δu-μ\frac{u}{|x|^2} &= |u|^{2^{\ast}-2-ε}u &&\quad \text{in } Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^N, \\\ u &= 0&&\quad \text{on } \partial Ω, \end{aligned} \right. $$ where $0\inΩ$ and $Ω$ is invariant under the subgroup $SO(2)\times\{\pm E_{N-2}\}\subset O(N)$; here $E_n$ denots the $n\times n$ identity matrix. If $μ=μ_0ε^α$ with $μ_0>0$ fixed and $α>\frac{N-4}{N-2}$ the existence of nodal solutions that blow up, as $ε\to0^+$, positively at the origin and negatively at a different point in a general bounded domain has been proved in \cite{BarGuo-ANS}. Solutions with more than two blow-up points have not been found so far. In the present paper we obtain the existence of nodal solutions with a positive blow-up point at the origin and $k=2$ or $k=3$ negative blow-up points placed symmetrically in $Ω\cap(\mathbb{R}^2\times\{0\})$ around the origin provided a certain function $f_k:\mathbb{R}^+\times\mathbb{R}^+\times I\to\mathbb{R}$ has stable critical points; here $I=\{t>0:(t,0,\dots,0)\inΩ\}$. If $Ω=B(0,1)\subset\mathbb{R}^N$ is the unit ball centered at the origin we obtain two solutions for $k=2$ and $N\ge7$, or $k=3$ and $N$ large. The result is optimal in the sense that for $Ω=B(0,1)$ there cannot exist solutions with a positive blow-up point at the origin and four negative blow-up points placed on the vertices of a square centered at the origin. Surprisingly there do exist solutions on $Ω=B(0,1)$ with a positive blow-up point at the origin and four blow-up points on the vertices of a square with alternating positive and negative signs. The results of our paper show that the structure of the set of blow-up solutions of the above problem offers fascinating features and is not well understood.
description: 22 pages
The molecular ecology of Microcystis sp. blooms in the San Francisco Estuary
Creators: name: Parker, A.E.
name: Otten, T.G.
name: Kimmerer, W.J.
name: Paerl, H.W.
name: Dreher, T.W.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2017

description: Harmful blooms of the cyanobacterium Microcystis sp. have become increasingly pervasive in the San Francisco Estuary Delta (USA) since the early 2000s and their rise has coincided with substantial decreases in several important fish species. Direct and indirect effects Microcystis blooms may have on the Delta food web were investigated. The Microcystis population was tracked for 2 years at six sites throughout the Delta using quantitative PCR. High-throughput amplicon sequencing and colony PCR sequencing revealed the presence of 10 different strains of Microcystis, including 6 different microcystin-producing strains. Shotgun metagenomic analysis identified a variety of Microcystis secondary metabolite pathways, including those for the biosynthesis of: aeruginosin, cyanopeptolin, microginin, microviridin and piricyclamide. A sizable reduction was observed in microbial community diversity during a large Microcystis bloom (H′ = 0.61) relative to periods preceding (H′ = 2.32) or following (H′ = 3.71) the bloom. Physicochemical conditions of the water column were stable throughout the bloom period. The elevated abundance of a cyanomyophage with high similarity to previously sequenced isolates known to infect Microcystis sp. was implicated in the bloom's collapse. Network analysis was employed to elucidate synergistic and antagonistic relationships between Microcystis and other bacteria and indicated that only very few taxa were positively correlated with Microcystis.
Ising-XY Transition in Three-dimensional Frustrated Antiferromagnets with Collinear Ordering
Creators: name: Sorokin, A. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Monte Carlo simulations, we study the critical behavior of two models of frustrated XY antiferromagnets with a collinear spin ordering and with an additional twofold degeneracy of the ground state. We consider a classic antiferromagnet on a body-centered cubic lattice with an additional antiferromagnetic exchange interaction between next-nearest spins, and a ferromagnet with an extra antiferromagnetic intralayer exchange. In both models, a single first-order transition on the discrete and continuous order parameters is found. Observed critical pseudo-exponents are in agreement with exponents of XY magnets with a planar spin ordering like a stacked-triangular antiferromagnet and helimagnets belonging to the same symmetry class.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
$δ$ Scuti pulsations in the bright Pleiades eclipsing binary HD 23642
Creators: name: Southworth, John
name: Murphy, Simon J.
name: Pavlovski, Kresimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We announce the discovery of pulsations in HD 23642, the only bright eclipsing system in the Pleiades, based on light curves from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). We measure 46 pulsation frequencies and attribute them to delta Scuti pulsations in the secondary component. We find four l=1 doublets, three of which have frequency splittings consistent with the rotation rate of the star. The dipole mode amplitude ratios are consistent with a high stellar inclination angle and the stellar rotation period agrees with the orbital period. Together, these suggest that the spin axis of the secondary is aligned with the orbital axis. We also determine precise effective temperatures and a spectroscopic light ratio, and use the latter to determine the physical properties of the system alongside the TESS data and published radial velocities. We measure a distance to the system in agreement with the Gaia parallax, and an age of 170 +/- 20 Myr based on a comparison to theoretical stellar evolutionary models.
description: Accepted for publication as a Letter in MNRAS. 6 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
On algebras of double cosets of symmetric groups with respect to Young subgroups
Creators: name: Neretin, Yury A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C30, 20N20, 20C05, 33C20, 05E16

description: We consider the subalgebra $Δ$ in the group algebra of the symmetric group $G=S_{n_1+\dots+n_ν}$ consisting of all functions invariant with respect to left and right shifts by elements of the Young subgroup $H:=S_{n_1}\times \dots \times S_{n_ν}$. We discuss structure constants of the algebra $Δ$ and construct an algebra with continuous parameters $n_1$ extrapolating algebras $Δ$, it can be also can be rewritten as an asymptotic algebra as $n_j\to\infty$ (for fixed $ν$). We show that there is a natural map from the Lie algebra of the group of pure braids to $Δ$ (and therefore this Lie algebra acts in spaces of multiplicities of the quasiregular representation of the group $G$ in functions on $G/H$).
description: 10p
The Return of GOLUM: Improving Distributed Joint Parameter Estimation for Strongly-Lensed Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Janquart, Justin
name: Haris, K.
name: Hannuksela, Otto A.
name: Broeck, Chris Van Den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Owing to the forecasted improved sensitivity of ground-based gravitational-wave detectors, new research avenues will become accessible. This is the case for gravitational-wave strong lensing, predicted with a non-negligible observation rate in the coming years. However, because one needs to investigate all the event pairs in the data, searches for strongly-lensed gravitational waves are often computationally heavy, and one faces high false-alarm rates. In this paper, we present upgrades made to the \GOLUM software, making it more reliable while increasing its speed by re-casting the look-up table, imposing a sample control, and implementing symmetric runs on the two lensed images. We show how the recovered posteriors have improved coverage of the parameter space and how we increase the pipeline's stability. Finally, we show the results obtained by performing a joint analysis of all the events reported until the GWTC-3 catalog, finding similar conclusions to the ones presented in the literature.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 2 of Single-cell analysis of menstrual endometrial tissues defines phenotypes associated with endometriosis
Creators: name: Shih, Andrew J.
name: Adelson, Robert P.
name: Vashistha, Himanshu
name: Khalili, Houman
name: Nayyar, Ashima
name: Puran, Radha
name: Herrera, Rixsi
name: Chatterjee, Prodyot K.
name: Lee, Annette T.
name: Truskinovsky, Alexander M.
name: Elmaliki, Kristine
name: DeFranco, Margaret
name: Metz, Christine N.
name: Gregersen, Peter K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2. Markers for UMAP plots of major cell clusters.
TALLRec: An Effective and Efficient Tuning Framework to Align Large Language Model with Recommendation
Creators: name: Bao, Keqin
name: Zhang, Jizhi
name: Zhang, Yang
name: Wang, Wenjie
name: Feng, Fuli
name: He, Xiangnan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across diverse domains, thereby prompting researchers to explore their potential for use in recommendation systems. Initial attempts have leveraged the exceptional capabilities of LLMs, such as rich knowledge and strong generalization through In-context Learning, which involves phrasing the recommendation task as prompts. Nevertheless, the performance of LLMs in recommendation tasks remains suboptimal due to a substantial disparity between the training tasks for LLMs and recommendation tasks, as well as inadequate recommendation data during pre-training. To bridge the gap, we consider building a Large Recommendation Language Model by tunning LLMs with recommendation data. To this end, we propose an efficient and effective Tuning framework for Aligning LLMs with Recommendation, namely TALLRec. We have demonstrated that the proposed TALLRec framework can significantly enhance the recommendation capabilities of LLMs in the movie and book domains, even with a limited dataset of fewer than 100 samples. Additionally, the proposed framework is highly efficient and can be executed on a single RTX 3090 with LLaMA-7B. Furthermore, the fine-tuned LLM exhibits robust cross-domain generalization. Our code and data are available at https://github.com/SAI990323/TALLRec.
description: RecSys '23: Proceedings of the 17th ACM Conference on Recommender Systems; September 2023 Pages; 1007-1014
Planar fiber-chip-coupling using angle-polished polarization maintaining fibers
Creators: name: Schneider, Marc
name: Herrera, Luis Alberto Garcia
name: Burger, Birgit
name: Eisenblätter, Lars
name: Kühner, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on our latest developments of a planar fiber-chip-coupling scheme, using angle polished, polarization maintaining (PM) fibers. Most integrated photonic chip components are polarization sensitive and a suitable way to launch several wavelength channels with the same polarization to the chip is the use of PM fibers. Those impose several challenges at processing and handling to achieve a stable, permanent, and low-loss coupling. We present the processing of the fibers in detail and experimental results for our planar and compact fiber-chip-coupling technique.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, conference paper for TWEPP2022, submitted to and reviewed by Journal of Instrumentation (JINST), to be typeset and published in JINST
MLAnalysis: An open-source program for high energy physics analyses
Creators: name: Guo, Yu-Chen
name: Feng, Fan
name: Di, An
name: Lu, Shi-Qi
name: Yang, Ji-Chong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a python-based program for phenomenological investigations in particle physics using machine learning algorithms, called \verb"MLAnalysis". The program is able to convert LHE and LHCO files generated by \verb"MadGraph5_aMC@NLO" into data sets for machine learning algorithms, which can analyze the information of the events. At present, it contains three machine learning (ML) algorithms: isolation forest (IF) algorithm, nested isolation forest (NIF) algorithm, kmeans anomaly detection (KMAD), and some basic functionality to analyze the kinematic features of a data set. Users can use this program to improve the efficiency of searching for new physics signals.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures
Nodal bubble tower solutions to slightly subcritical elliptic problems with Hardy terms
Creators: name: Bartsch, Thomas
name: Guo, Qianqiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B44, 35B33, 35J60

description: We study the possible blow-up behavior of solutions to the slightly subcritical elliptic problem with Hardy term \[ \left\{ \begin{aligned} -Δu-μ\frac{u}{|x|^2} &= |u|^{2^{\ast}-2-\varepsilon}u &&\quad \text{in } Ω, \\\ u &= 0&&\quad \text{on } \partialΩ, \end{aligned} \right. \] in a bounded domain $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^N (N\ge7)$ with $0\inΩ$, as $μ,\varepsilon\to 0^+$. In \cite{BarGuo-ANS}, we obtained the existence of nodal solutions that blow up positively at the origin and negatively at a different point as $μ=O(ε^α)$ with $α>\frac{N-4}{N-2}$, $\varepsilon\to 0^+$. Here we prove the existence of nodal bubble tower solutions, i.e.\ superpositions of bubbles of different signs, all blowing up at the origin but with different blow-up order, as $μ=O(\varepsilon)$, $\varepsilon\to0^+$.
description: 18 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1508.04007
Long-term nutrient trends and harmful cyanobacterial bloom potential in hypertrophic Lake Taihu, China
Creators: name: Paerl, H.W.
name: Hall, N.S.
name: Qin, B.
name: Xu, H.
name: Zhu, G.
name: Zhu, M.
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2017

description: Rapid economic development in China’s Lake Taihu basin during the past four decades has accelerated nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loadings to the lake. This has caused a shift from mesotrophic to hypertrophic conditions, symptomized by harmful cyanobacterial blooms (CyanoHABs). The relationships between phytoplankton biomass as chlorophyll a (Chla) and nutrients as total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were analyzed using historical data from 1992 to 2012 to link the response of CyanoHAB potential to long-term nutrient changes. Over the twenty year study period, annual mean Chla showed significantly positive correlations with both annual mean TN and TP (P < 0.001), reflecting a strong phytoplankton biomass response to changes in nutrient inputs to the lake. However, phytoplankton biomass responded slowly to annual changes in TN after 2002. There was not a well-defined or significant relationship between spring TN and summertime Chla. The loss of a significant fraction of spring N loading due to denitrification likely weakened this relationship. Bioavailability of both N and P during the summer plays a key role in sustaining cyanobacterial blooms. The frequency of occurrence of bloom level Chla (>20 μg L−1) was compared to TN and TP to determine nutrient-bloom thresholds. A decline in bloom risk is expected if TN remains below 1.0 mg L−1 and TP below 0.08 mg L−1.
Pivotal tests for relevant differences in the second order dynamics of functional time series
Creators: name: Van Delft, Anne
name: Dette, Holger
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: functional data
subject: martingale theory
subject: self-normalization
subject: relevant tests
subject: spectral analysis
subject: time series
subject: 310
subject: 330
subject: 620
subject: Datenanalyse
subject: Zeitreihenanalyse
subject: Spektralanalyse
subject: Martingaltheorie

description: Motivated by the need to statistically quantify differences between modern (complex) datasets which commonly result as high-resolution measurements of stochastic processes varying over a continuum, we propose novel testing procedures to detect relevant differences between the second order dynamics of two functional time series. In order to take the between-function dynamics into account that characterize this type of functional data, a frequency domain approach is taken. Test statistics are developed to compare differences in the spectral density operators and in the primary modes of variation as encoded in the associated eigenelements. Under mild moment conditions, we show convergence of the underlying statistics to Brownian motions and obtain pivotal test statistics via a self-normalization approach. The latter is essential because the nuisance parameters can be unwieldly and their robust estimation infeasible, especially if the two functional time series are dependent. Besides from these novel features, the properties of the tests are robust to any choice of frequency band enabling also to compare energy contents at a single frequency. The finite sample performance of the tests are verified through a simulation study and are illustrated with an application to fMRI data.
description: Discussion Paper / SFB823;10/2020
$G_2$ Integrable Point Characterization via Isotropic Spin-3 Chains
Creators: name: Li, Chengshu
name: Quito, Victor L.
name: Schuricht, Dirk
name: Lopes, Pedro L. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the physical properties of $G_2$-symmetric integrable chains with local degrees of freedom in the fundamental representation; given the typical connection between integrability and critical points, we test the model's properties against a hypothesis of conformal-invariant long-distance behavior. Leveraging an embedding between the $G_2$ exceptional Lie algebra and $SU(2)$-symmetric chains with local spin-3 representations, we perform numerical analyses via exact diagonalization (ED) targeted at specific spin sectors, as well as via non-Abelian density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG). A basic study of the momentum-resolved ED spectrum suggests the low-energy system is effectively described by a $(G_2)_1$ Wess--Zumino--Witten (WZW) theory, but we find challenges in further numerical characterization of conformal data. The study and control of the phenomenology of this model may have implications for the development of accessible models for Fibonacci anyons.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Entropy spectrum of (1+1) dimensional stringy black holes
Creators: name: Suresh, Jishnu
name: Kuriakose, V. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the entropy spectrum of $(1+1)$ dimensional dilatonic stringy black holes via the adiabatic invariant integral method and the Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization rule. It is found that the corresponding spectrum depends on black hole parameters like charge, ADM mass and more interestingly on the dilatonic field. We calculate the entropy of the present black hole system via the Euclidean treatment of quantum gravity and study the thermodynamics of the black hole and find that the system does not undergo any phase transition.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Andreev reflection at the altermagnet-superconductor interface
Creators: name: Papaj, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Altermagnets are a new class of magnetic materials, which exhibit large spin splitting, but due to the combined spin and real space group symmetry protection maintain zero net macroscopic magnetization. Such a characteristic may prove them to be superior in applications in superconducting heterostructures and thus here we investigate the Andreev reflection at the altermagnet/superconductor interface. We compare and contrast altermagnets to other magnetic materials, revealing qualitative differences in the behavior of altermagnetic junction depending on the Fermi surface orientation. We study the resonant states arising in setups with strong tunneling barriers and show that sensitivity to non-magnetic disorder is also dependent on the orientation. Our results provide a building block for altermagnetic superconducting heterostructures such as Josephson $π$ junctions with superior properties.
description: 7+3 pages, 4+1 figures
Closed field line vortices in planetary magnetospheres
Creators: name: Nemeth, Zoltan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a rotation-dominated magnetosphere, there is a region where closed field lines rotate around the planet, and also a region where the open field lines stretch away from the planet, forming the lobes of the magnetotail. This paper shows that there could be a third, significantly different region, where the closed field lines form twisted vortex structures anchored in the magnetotail. Such patterns form when there are significant plasma sources inside the magnetosphere and the time scale of the plasmoid formation process is substantially larger than the planetary rotation period. In the presence of vortices, the Dungey and Vasyliunas cycles act differently. The Dungey flow does not penetrate the central region of the polar cap. Tail reconnection events are rare, thus leaving the plasma time enough to participate in the essentially 3-dimensional vortex-forming plasma motion. The above conditions are fulfilled for Saturn. We discovered vortex-like patterns in the plasma and magnetic field data measured by the Cassini spacecraft in the nightside magnetosphere of Saturn. The plasma whirling around in these vortices never reaches the dayside, instead, it performs a retrograde motion in the high latitude regions of the magnetotail. Low-energy plasma data suggest that the observed patterns correspond to the closed field line vortices.
description: to be published in MNRAS
Combining WASP and Kepler data: the case of the $δ$ Sct star KIC 7106205
Creators: name: Bowman, Dominic M.
name: Holdsworth, Daniel L.
name: Kurtz, Donald W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ground-based photometric observations from WASP have been calibrated, scaled and combined with Kepler observations of the $δ$ Sct star KIC 7106205, allowing us to extend the time base of the study of the unexplained amplitude and frequency variation of a single pressure mode at $ν=13.3942$ d$^{-1}$ by 2 yr. Analysis of the combined data sets, spanning 6 yr, show that the amplitude modulation in KIC 7106205 has a much larger range than a previous study of the Kepler data alone indicated. The single pressure mode decreased from $11.70 \pm 0.05$ mmag in 2007, to $5.87 \pm 0.03$ mmag in 2009, and to $0.58 \pm 0.06$ mmag in 2013. Observations of the decrease in mode amplitude have now been extended back 2 yr before the launch of Kepler. With observations over a longer time span, we have been able to further investigate the decrease in mode amplitude in KIC 7106205 to address the question of mode amplitude stability in $δ$ Sct stars. This study highlights the usefulness of the WASP data set for extending studies of some Kepler variable stars.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Predicting Sources of Dissolved Organic Nitrogen to an Estuary from an Agro-Urban Coastal Watershed
Creators: name: Handsel, L.T.
name: Peierls, B.L.
name: Osburn, C.L.
name: Paerl, H.W.
Publisher: name: American Chemical Society
Year: 2016

description: Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) is the nitrogen (N)-containing component of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and in aquatic ecosystems is part of the biologically reactive nitrogen pool that can degrade water quality in N-sensitive waters. Unlike inorganic N (nitrate and ammonium) DON is comprised of many different molecules of variable reactivity. Few methods exist to track the sources of DON in watersheds. In this study, DOM excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence of eight discrete DON sources was measured and modeled with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) and the resulting model ("FluorMod") was fit to 516 EEMs measured in surface waters from the main stem of the Neuse River and its tributaries, located in eastern North Carolina. PARAFAC components were positively correlated to DON concentration. Principle components analysis (PCA) was used to confirm separation of the eight sources and model validation was achieved by measurement of source samples not included in the model development with an error of <10%. Application of FluorMod to surface waters of streams within the Neuse River Basin showed that while >70% of DON was attributed to natural sources, nonpoint sources, such as soil and poultry litter leachates and street runoff, accounted for the remaining 30%. This result was consistent with changes in land use from urbanized Raleigh metropolitan area to the largely agricultural Southeastern coastal plain. Overall, the predicted fraction of nonpoint DON sources was consistent with previous reports of increased organic N inputs in this river basin, which are suspected of impacting the water quality of its estuary.
Mean Values of Certain Multiplicative Functions and Artin's Conjecture on Primitive Roots
Creators: name: Sitaraman, Sankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R18, 11R32, 11M41, 11L07, 11N37, 11N45

description: We discuss how one could study asymptotics of cyclotomic quantities via the mean values of certain multiplicative functions and their Dirichlet series using a theorem of Delange. We show how this could provide a new approach to Artin's conjecture on primitive roots. We focus on whether a fixed prime has a certain order modulo infinitely many other primes. We also give an estimate for the mean value of one such Dirichlet series.
Curvature effect in the spinorial Yamabe problem on product manifolds
Creators: name: Bartsch, Thomas
name: Xu, Tian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C27, 35B40, 35Q40, 35R01, 58E30, 58J60

description: Let $(M_1,\textit{g}^{(1)})$, $(M_2,\textit{g}^{(2)})$ be closed Riemannian spin manifolds. We study the existence of solutions of the spinorial Yamabe problem on the product $M_1\times M_2$ equipped with a family of metrics $\varepsilon^{-2}\textit{g}^{(1)}\oplus\textit{g}^{(2)}$, $\varepsilon>0$. Via variational methods and blow-up techniques, we prove the existence of solutions which depend only on the factor $M_1$, and which exhibit a spike layer as $\varepsilon\to0$. Moreover, we locate the asymptotic position of the peak points of the solutions in terms of the curvature tensor on $(M_1,\textit{g}^{(1)})$.
description: 38 Pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2005.01448
Replica Symmetry Breaking in Cold Atoms and Spin Glasses
Creators: name: Rotondo, Pietro
name: Tesio, Enrico
name: Caracciolo, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a system composed by N atoms trapped within a multimode cavity, whose theoretical description is captured by a disordered multimode Dicke model. We show that in the resonant, zero field limit the system exactly realizes the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model. Upon a redefinition of the temperature, the same dynamics is realized in the dispersive, strong field limit. This regime also gives access to spin-glass observables which can be used to detect Replica Symmetry Breaking.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
БУЮК СИЙМОЛАР БЕШИГИ
Creators: name: Мавлянов, У.Н.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Мақолада темурийлар Ренессансининг алоҳида ютуғи бўлган Ҳиротдаги Бойсунғур санъат академияси ва унда фаолият кўрсатган олимлар тадқиқотларининг айрим жиҳатларига тўхталинган. Хусусан, мазкур илмий академия фаолиятининг асосий тўртта йўналиши ҳамда ушбу йўналишларнинг асосий вакиллари ҳақидаги маълумотлар таҳлил этилган.
Density-based clustering with fully-convolutional networks for crowd flow detection from drones
Creators: name: Castellano, Giovanna
name: Cotardo, Eugenio
name: Mencar, Corrado
name: Vessio, Gennaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Crowd analysis from drones has attracted increasing attention in recent times due to the ease of use and affordable cost of these devices. However, how this technology can provide a solution to crowd flow detection is still an unexplored research question. To this end, we propose a crowd flow detection method for video sequences shot by a drone. The method is based on a fully-convolutional network that learns to perform crowd clustering in order to detect the centroids of crowd-dense areas and track their movement in consecutive frames. The proposed method proved effective and efficient when tested on the Crowd Counting datasets of the VisDrone challenge, characterized by video sequences rather than still images. The encouraging results show that the proposed method could open up new ways of analyzing high-level crowd behavior from drones.
description: Accepted manuscript
The interaction of extended Bose-Einstein condensate dark matter with viscous $f(T, B)$ gravity
Creators: name: Mahichi, E.
name: Amani, Alireza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the viscous $f(T, B)$ gravity model as a source of dark energy, and the Extended Bose-Einstein Condensate (EBEC) as a source of dark matter, in a flat-FRW metric. In the presence of bulk viscosity, we obtain Friedmann equations and write two continuity equations of dark energy and dark matter by interacting them. Using the generalized Gross-Pitaeveskii equation, we earn Equation of State (EoS) of dark matter by EBEC regime as $p_m = αρ_{m} + βρ_{m}^2$ in which the both of terms are respectively introduced as normal dark matter and dark matter halo. The innovation of the work is that we can simultaneously describe the nature of the dark parts of the universe with the viscous $f(T, B)$ gravity and the EBEC regime, which leads to a deep understanding of the different epochs of the universe from early to late times. In what follows, the energy density and the pressure of dark energy are reconstructed in terms of the redshift parameter, and then we fit the obtained results with 53 supernova data from the Hubble data constraints. Next, we plot the cosmological parameters in terms of the redshift parameter and conclude that the current universe is in an accelerated phase. Finally, we analyze the stability and instability of the current model with the sound speed parameter as well as we draw the density parameter values for dark energy in terms of the redshift parameter.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2107.11827
Is ChatGPT Fair for Recommendation? Evaluating Fairness in Large Language Model Recommendation
Creators: name: Zhang, Jizhi
name: Bao, Keqin
name: Zhang, Yang
name: Wang, Wenjie
name: Feng, Fuli
name: He, Xiangnan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The remarkable achievements of Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to the emergence of a novel recommendation paradigm -- Recommendation via LLM (RecLLM). Nevertheless, it is important to note that LLMs may contain social prejudices, and therefore, the fairness of recommendations made by RecLLM requires further investigation. To avoid the potential risks of RecLLM, it is imperative to evaluate the fairness of RecLLM with respect to various sensitive attributes on the user side. Due to the differences between the RecLLM paradigm and the traditional recommendation paradigm, it is problematic to directly use the fairness benchmark of traditional recommendation. To address the dilemma, we propose a novel benchmark called Fairness of Recommendation via LLM (FaiRLLM). This benchmark comprises carefully crafted metrics and a dataset that accounts for eight sensitive attributes1 in two recommendation scenarios: music and movies. By utilizing our FaiRLLM benchmark, we conducted an evaluation of ChatGPT and discovered that it still exhibits unfairness to some sensitive attributes when generating recommendations. Our code and dataset can be found at https://github.com/jizhi-zhang/FaiRLLM.
description: Accepted by Recsys 2023 (Short)
Wilson fermion doubling phenomenon on irregular lattice: the similarity and difference with the case of regular lattice
Creators: name: Vergeles, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the Wilson fermion doubling phenomenon on irregular lattices (simplicial complexes) does exist. This means that the irregular (not smooth) zero or soft modes exist. The statement is proved on 4 Dimensional lattice by means of the Atiyah-Singer index theorem, then it is extended easily into the cases $D<4$. But there is a fundamental difference between doubled quanta on regular and irregular lattices: in the latter case the propagator decreases exponentially. This means that the doubled quanta on irregular lattice are "bad" quasiparticles.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures
Diamond optomechanical cavity with a color center for microwave-to-optical quantum interfaces
Creators: name: Kim, Byunggi
name: Kurokawa, Hodaka
name: Sakai, Katsuta
name: Koshino, Kazuki
name: Kosaka, Hideo
name: Nomura, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum transduction between microwave and optical photons plays a key role in quantum communication among remote qubits. Although the quantum transduction schemes generating communication photons have been successfully demonstrated by using optomechanical interfaces, the low conversion efficiency remains an obstacle to the implementation of a quantum network consisting of multiple qubits. Here, we present an efficient quantum transduction scheme using a one-dimensional diamond optomechanical crystal cavity tuned at a color-center emission without optomechanical coupling. The optomechanical crystal cavity incorporates a thin aluminum nitride (AlN) pad piezoelectric coupler near the concentrator cavity region, while retaining ultrasmall mechanical and optical mode volumes of about 1.5 \times 10^{-4} and ~0.2(λ/n)^3, respectively. The energy level of a coherent color-center electron is manipulated by a strong mechanical-mode-color-center electron-coupling rate up to 16.4MHz. In our system, we theoretically predict that the population-conversion efficiency from a single microwave photon into an optical photon can reach 15% combined with current technologies. The coherent conversion efficiency is over 10% with a reasonably pure decay time of T^2_{*} > 10 ns. Our results imply that an atomic color center strongly coupled to the optomechanical crystal cavity will offer a highly efficient quantum transduction platform.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures
Topological Defects from the Multiverse
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun
name: Blanco-Pillado, Jose J.
name: Garriga, Jaume
name: Vilenkin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many theories of the early universe predict the existence of a multiverse where bubbles continuously nucleate giving rise to observers in their interior. In this paper, we point out that topological defects of several dimensionalities will also be produced in de Sitter like regions of the multiverse. In particular, defects could be spontaneously nucleated in our parent vacuum. We study the evolution of these defects as they collide with and propagate inside of our bubble. We estimate the present distribution of defects in the observable part of the universe. The expected number of such nearby defects turns out to be quite small, even for the highest nucleation rate. We also study collisions of strings and domain walls with our bubble in our past light cone. We obtain simulated full-sky maps of the loci of such collisions, and find their angular size distribution. Similarly to what happens in the case of bubble collisions, the prospect of detecting any collisions of our bubble with ambient defects is greatly enhanced in the case where the cosmological constant of our parent vacuum is much higher than the vacuum energy density during inflation in our bubble.
description: 44 pages, 16 figures
Additional file 5 of Single-cell analysis of menstrual endometrial tissues defines phenotypes associated with endometriosis
Creators: name: Shih, Andrew J.
name: Adelson, Robert P.
name: Vashistha, Himanshu
name: Khalili, Houman
name: Nayyar, Ashima
name: Puran, Radha
name: Herrera, Rixsi
name: Chatterjee, Prodyot K.
name: Lee, Annette T.
name: Truskinovsky, Alexander M.
name: Elmaliki, Kristine
name: DeFranco, Margaret
name: Metz, Christine N.
name: Gregersen, Peter K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 5. Top 10 genes in groups 2 and 4 stromal cell subclusters from Figs. 5 and 6.
The persistence of cyanobacterial (Microcystis spp.) blooms throughout winter in Lake Taihu, China
Creators: name: Shi, K.
name: Hall, N.S.
name: Li, Z.
name: Long, S.
name: Brookes, J.D.
name: Guo, J.
name: Wu, T.
name: Paerl, H.W.
name: Qin, B.
name: Zhou, Y.
name: Xu, H.
name: Ma, J.
Publisher: name: Wiley Blackwell
Year: 2016

description: Temperature is generally considered as a key factor controlling algal bloom formation. Previous studies have indicated that the bloom-forming cyanobacteria Microcystis spp. overwinters near the sediment surface and does not actively grow below 15°C. However, satellite images and field collections from Lake Taihu, China have shown that Microcystis spp. blooms persisted when water temperatures were below 10°C during winter, although their magnitudes were smaller than during periods of higher temperature. Winter Microcystis cells maintained low activity and were able to grow again when exposed to elevated temperatures (≥12.5°C). Hence, cyanobacterial blooms may appear year-round in eutrophic lakes. Temperature increases coupled with nutrient enrichment promoted the growth of cyanobacteria, while low temperature decreased the loss rate of Microcystis, allowing winter blooms to persist. High concentrations of overwintering vegetative cells may provide a large inoculum for blooms during warmer seasons. Controlling winter blooms may reduce their magnitude during the warmer seasons.
Shadows of black holes at cosmological distances in the co-varying physical couplings framework
Creators: name: Cuzinatto, R. R.
name: de Melo, C. A. M.
name: Neves, Juliano C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The co-varying physical couplings (CPC) framework states that physical parameters like the speed of light in vacuum $c$, the Newtonian constant $G$, and the cosmological constant $Λ$ could indeed vary with the spacetime coordinates $x^μ$. Here, we assume a temporal variation, that is, $c(t),G(t)$ and $Λ(t)$. We show that the McVittie spacetime, a black hole in an expanding universe, is a solution of the CPC framework providing naturally an important parameter of the model. Then, we calculate the shadow angular radius of this black hole at cosmological distances. A black hole shadow in the CPC context could be either larger or smaller than the same shadow in the standard cosmology. It depends on how the set $\{ c,G,Λ\}$ varies with time or with the cosmic expansion.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures. Published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Measuring nonstabilizerness via multifractal flatness
Creators: name: Turkeshi, Xhek
name: Schirò, Marco
name: Sierant, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Universal quantum computing requires nonstabilizer (magic) quantum states. Quantifying the nonstabilizerness and relating it to other quantum resources is vital for characterizing the complexity of quantum many-body systems. In this work, we prove that a quantum state is a stabilizer if and only if all states belonging to its Clifford orbit have a flat probability distribution on the computational basis. This implies, in particular, that multifractal states are nonstabilizers. We introduce multifractal flatness, a measure based on the participation entropy that quantifies the wave-function distribution flatness. We demonstrate that this quantity is analytically related to the stabilizer entropy of the state and present several examples elucidating the relationship between multifractality and nonstabilizerness. In particular, we show that the multifractal flatness provides an experimentally and computationally viable nonstabilizerness certification. Our work unravels the direct relation between the nonstabilizerness of a quantum state and its wave-function structure.
description: 6 pages, Comments are welcome!
Rotational modulation in A and F stars: Magnetic stellar spots or convective core rotation?
Creators: name: Henriksen, Andreea I.
name: Antoci, Victoria
name: Saio, Hideyuki
name: Cantiello, Matteo
name: Kjeldsen, Hans
name: Kurtz, Donald W.
name: Murphy, Simon J.
name: Mathur, Savita
name: García, Rafael A.
name: Santos, Ângela R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kepler mission revealed a plethora of stellar variability in the light curves of many stars, some associated with magnetic activity or stellar oscillations. In this work, we analyse the periodic signal in 162 intermediate-mass stars, interpreted as Rossby modes and rotational modulation - the so-called \textit{hump \& spike} feature. We investigate whether the rotational modulation (\textit{spike}) is due to stellar spots caused by magnetic fields or due to Overstable Convective (OsC) modes resonantly exciting g~modes, with frequencies corresponding to the convective core rotation rate. Assuming that the spikes are created by magnetic spots at the stellar surface, we recover the amplitudes of the magnetic fields, which are in good agreement with theoretical predictions. Our data show a clear anti-correlation between the spike amplitudes and stellar mass and possibly a correlation with stellar age, consistent with the dynamo-generated magnetic fields theory in (sub)-surface convective layers. Investigating the harmonic behaviour, we find that for 125 stars neither of the two possible explanations can be excluded. While our results suggest that the dynamo-generated magnetic field scenario is more likely to explain the \textit{spike} feature, we assess further work is needed to distinguish between the two scenarios. One method for ruling out one of the two explanations is to directly observe magnetic fields in \textit{hump \& spike} stars. Another would be to impose additional constraints through detailed modelling of our stars, regarding the rotation requirement in the OsC mode scenario or the presence of a convective-core (stellar age).
description: 18 pages, 28 figures
Additional file 6 of Single-cell analysis of menstrual endometrial tissues defines phenotypes associated with endometriosis
Creators: name: Shih, Andrew J.
name: Adelson, Robert P.
name: Vashistha, Himanshu
name: Khalili, Houman
name: Nayyar, Ashima
name: Puran, Radha
name: Herrera, Rixsi
name: Chatterjee, Prodyot K.
name: Lee, Annette T.
name: Truskinovsky, Alexander M.
name: Elmaliki, Kristine
name: DeFranco, Margaret
name: Metz, Christine N.
name: Gregersen, Peter K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 6. References for genes described in Fig. 6.
Recursive polarization of nuclear spins in diamond at arbitrary magnetic fields
Creators: name: Pagliero, Daniela
name: Laraoui, Abdelghani
name: Henshaw, Jacob D.
name: Meriles, Carlos A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce an alternate route to dynamically polarize the nuclear spin host of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. Our approach articulates optical, microwave and radio-frequency pulses to recursively transfer spin polarization from the NV electronic spin. Using two complementary variants of the same underlying principle, we demonstrate nitrogen nuclear spin initialization approaching 80% at room temperature both in ensemble and single NV centers. Unlike existing schemes, our approach does not rely on level anti-crossings and is thus applicable at arbitrary magnetic fields. This versatility should prove useful in applications ranging from nanoscale metrology to sensitivity-enhanced NMR.