cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Emerging quasi-0D states at vanishing total entropy of the 1D hard sphere system: a coarse-grained similarity to the car parking problem
Creators: name: Frusawa, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A coarse-grained system of one-dimensional (1D) hard spheres (HSs) is created using the Delaunay tessellation, which enables one to define the quasi-0D state. It is found from comparing the quasi-0D and 1D free energy densities that a frozen state due to the emergence of quasi-0D HSs is thermodynamically more favorable than fluidity with a large-scale heterogeneity above crossover volume fraction of $ϕ_c=e/(1+e)=0.731\cdots$, at which the total entropy of the 1D state vanishes. The Delaunay-based lattice mapping further provides a similarity between the dense HS system above $ϕ_c$ and the jamming limit in the car parking problem.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Phys. Lett. A
Exact operator Hamiltonians and interactions in the droplet bosonization method
Creators: name: Karabali, Dimitra
name: Polychronakos, Alexios P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the exact form of the bosonized Hamiltonian for a many-body fermion system in one spatial dimension with arbitrary dispersion relations, using the droplet bosonization method. For a single-particle Hamiltonian polynomial in the momentum, the bosonized Hamiltonian is a polynomial of one degree higher in the bosonic "boundary" field and includes subleading lower-order and derivative terms. This generalizes the known results for massless relativistic and nonrelativistic fermions (quadratic and cubic bosonic Hamiltonians, respectively). We also consider two-body interactions and demonstrate that they lead to interesting collective behavior and phase transitions in the Fermi sea.
description: 18 pages
Additional file 3 of Functional genomics of AP-2α and AP-2γ in cancers: in silico study
Creators: name: Kołat, Damian
name: Żaneta Kałuzińska
name: Orzechowska, Magdalena
name: Bednarek, Andrzej K.
name: Elżbieta Płuciennik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. Detailed ontological analysis of selected modules differentiating tumor and corresponding normal tissue by means of AP-2γ target genes.
A Collaborative Filtering-Based Two Stage Model with Item Dependency for Course Recommendation
Creators: name: Lee, Eric L.
name: Kuo, Tsung-Ting
name: Lin, Shou-De
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recommender systems have been studied for decades with numerous promising models been proposed. Among them, Collaborative Filtering (CF) models are arguably the most successful one due to its high accuracy in recommendation and elimination of privacy-concerned personal meta-data from training. This paper extends the usage of CF-based model to the task of course recommendation. We point out several challenges in applying the existing CF-models to build a course recommendation engine, including the lack of rating and meta-data, the imbalance of course registration distribution, and the demand of course dependency modeling. We then propose several ideas to address these challenges. Eventually, we combine a two-stage CF model regularized by course dependency with a graph-based recommender based on course-transition network, to achieve AUC as high as 0.97 with a real-world dataset.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, 2017 IEEE International Conference on Data Science and Advanced Analytics (DSAA)
Flux insertion, entanglement, and quantized responses
Creators: name: Zaletel, Michael P.
name: Mong, Roger S. K.
name: Pollmann, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the construction of a ground state wavefunction on a finite ring given the ground state on a long chain. In the presence of local symmetries, we can obtain the ground state with arbitrary flux inserted through the ring. A key ingredient are the quantum numbers of the entanglement spectrum. This method allows us to characterize phases by measuring quantized responses, such as the Hall conductance, using data contained in the entanglement spectrum. As concrete examples, we show how the Berry phase allows us to map out the phase diagram of a spin-1 model and calculate the Hall conductivity of a quantum Hall system.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Development of concurrent infection of notoedric mange in rabbits infected with Trypanosoma evansi
Creators: name: Singla, L D
name: Singla, N
name: Parshad, V R
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2015

description: This report describes observations on the development of cutaneous lesions in rabbits experimentally infected with Trypanosoma evansi. Skinscrapings revealed the presence of different developmental stages of Notoedres cati var. cuniculi and the animals were successfully treated by combined anti-Trypanosoma (diminazene aceturate @ 3.5 mg.kg-1body weight) and acaricid treatments (doramectin @ 400mg.kg-1body weight). T. evansi infection probably made the rabbits more prone to infection of notoedric mange and doramectin proved to be effective, practical and well tolerated means of treatment.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol 41 (2015)
Program Transformations for Asynchronous and Batched Query Submission
Creators: name: Ramachandra, Karthik
name: Chavan, Mahendra
name: Guravannavar, Ravindra
name: Sudarshan, S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The performance of database/Web-service backed applications can be significantly improved by asynchronous submission of queries/requests well ahead of the point where the results are needed, so that results are likely to have been fetched already when they are actually needed. However, manually writing applications to exploit asynchronous query submission is tedious and error-prone. In this paper we address the issue of automatically transforming a program written assuming synchronous query submission, to one that exploits asynchronous query submission. Our program transformation method is based on data flow analysis and is framed as a set of transformation rules. Our rules can handle query executions within loops, unlike some of the earlier work in this area. We also present a novel approach that, at runtime, can combine multiple asynchronous requests into batches, thereby achieving the benefits of batching in addition to that of asynchronous submission. We have built a tool that implements our transformation techniques on Java programs that use JDBC calls; our tool can be extended to handle Web service calls. We have carried out a detailed experimental study on several real-life applications, which shows the effectiveness of the proposed rewrite techniques, both in terms of their applicability and the performance gains achieved.
description: 14 pages
Systemic Bone Mass Alterations and Ligature-Induced Periodontitis in Wistar Rats
Creators: name: De Lecue Pillon, F
name: K, C
name: De Souza, A C
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2015

description: Chronic inflammatory conditions have been associated with pathological outcomes, resulting in events responsible for abbreviation of life or decreasing life quality in elders. Periodontal diseases have been associated with systemic disorders, but there is a lack of evidence concerning the relationship between periodontal inflammation and systemic bone conditions. The aim of the present study was to analyze the relationship between ligature-induced periodontitis and generalized bone mass alterations in Wistar rats. Periodontal disease was induced by the placement of silk ligatures around the maxillary left second molar of each animal of the test group (n=14). The control group did not receive ligatures. Systemic bone mass was determined by bone densitometry (double energy X-ray). After 30 and 60 days of ligature placement, bone densitometry analysis did not reveal statistically significant differences between test and control groups both for bone mineral density and bone mineral content (BMC), but at 60 days BMC was slightly lower in the test group. Total bone area was, at 30 days, higher in the test group than in controls. However at 60 days this relationship was inverted, with a higher bone area in the control group. The control group exhibited progressive bone growth, as shown by comparison of BMC between 30 and 60 days; this bone growth was significantly higher than in the test group.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol 41 (2015)
FAIRLABEL: Correcting Bias in Labels
Creators: name: Sengamedu, Srinivasan H
name: Pham, Hien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6
subject: 68T07

description: There are several algorithms for measuring fairness of ML models. A fundamental assumption in these approaches is that the ground truth is fair or unbiased. In real-world datasets, however, the ground truth often contains data that is a result of historical and societal biases and discrimination. Models trained on these datasets will inherit and propagate the biases to the model outputs. We propose FAIRLABEL, an algorithm which detects and corrects biases in labels. The goal of FAIRLABELis to reduce the Disparate Impact (DI) across groups while maintaining high accuracy in predictions. We propose metrics to measure the quality of bias correction and validate FAIRLABEL on synthetic datasets and show that the label correction is correct 86.7% of the time vs. 71.9% for a baseline model. We also apply FAIRLABEL on benchmark datasets such as UCI Adult, German Credit Risk, and Compas datasets and show that the Disparate Impact Ratio increases by as much as 54.2%.
description: ICDM LegalAI Workshop 2023
Dynamics of a localized spin excitation close to the spin-helix regime
Creators: name: Salis, G.
name: Walser, M. P.
name: Altmann, P.
name: Reichl, C.
name: Wegscheider, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time evolution of a local spin excitation in a (001)-confined two-dimensional electron gas subjected to Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions of similar strength is investigated theoretically and compared with experimental data. Specifically, the consequences of the finite spatial extension of the initial spin polarization is studied for non-balanced Rashba and Dresselhaus terms and for finite cubic Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction. We show that the initial out-of-plane spin polarization evolves into a helical spin pattern with a wave number that gradually approaches the value $q_0$ of the persistent spin helix mode. In addition to an exponential decay of the spin polarization that is proportional to both the spin-orbit imbalance and the cubic Dresselhaus term, the finite width $w$ of the spin excitation reduces the spin polarization by a factor that approaches $\exp(-q_0^2 w^2/2)$ at longer times.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Higher Ionization Energies of Atoms in Density Functional Theory
Creators: name: Argaman, Uri
name: Makov, Guy
name: Kraisler, Eli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density functional theory (DFT) is an exact alternative formulation of quantum mechanics, in which it is possible to calculate the total energy, the spin and the charge density of many-electron systems in the ground state. In practice, it is necessary to use uncontrolled approximations that can mainly be verified against experimental data. Atoms and ions are simple systems, where the approximations of DFT can be easily tested. We have calculated within DFT the total energies, spin and higher ionization energies of all the ions of elements with 1 $\leq$ Z $\leq$ 29. We find the calculations in close agreement with experiment, with an error of typically less than ca. 1% for 1 $\leq$ Z $\leq$ 29. Surprisingly, the error depends on the electronic configuration of the ion in both local spin density approximation (LSDA) and Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof general gradient approximation (PBE-GGA) and independent of both self-interaction correction (SIC) and relativistic corrections. Larger errors are found for systems in which the spin-spin correlation is significant, which indicates the possible benefit from an orbital-dependent formulation of the correlation energy functional.
Correlation between synthesis of ?2-macroglobulin in hepatocytes and changes in serum cytokine levels in rats after inflammatory stimulation
Creators: name: Kuribayashi, Takashi
name: Seita, T
name: Momotani, E
name: Honjo, T
name: Yamazaki, S
name: Yamamoto, Shizuo
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2015

description: The time course of ?2-macroglobulin (?2M) synthesis in rat liver was investigated using immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, correlations between synthesis of ?2M in hepatocytes and interleukin (IL)-6 and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 (CINC-1), which are considered to contribute to the production of ?2M, were evaluated. The presence of ?2M in the liver was investigated by immunohistochemistry, and serum levels of ?2M, IL-6 and CINC-1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. ?2M was not detected in the liver before injection of turpentine oil. ?2M was detected throughout the liver at 12 hours after injection of turpentine oil, when high serum levels of IL-6 and CINC-1 were observed. ?2M was distributed mainly around the central vein of the liver at 36 hours. Only small amounts of ?2M were detected in the liver at 48 hours, when peak serum levels of ?2M were observed. Synthesis of ?2M in hepatocytes peaked long before peak ?2M serum levels were seen. In conclusion, ?2M was considered to be synthesized in response to stimulation by IL-6 and CINC-1.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol. 27 No. 2 (2000)
Estimation and model selection in generalized additive partial linear models for correlated data with diverging number of covariates
Creators: name: Wang, Li
name: Xue, Lan
name: Qu, Annie
name: Liang, Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose generalized additive partial linear models for complex data which allow one to capture nonlinear patterns of some covariates, in the presence of linear components. The proposed method improves estimation efficiency and increases statistical power for correlated data through incorporating the correlation information. A unique feature of the proposed method is its capability of handling model selection in cases where it is difficult to specify the likelihood function. We derive the quadratic inference function-based estimators for the linear coefficients and the nonparametric functions when the dimension of covariates diverges, and establish asymptotic normality for the linear coefficient estimators and the rates of convergence for the nonparametric functions estimators for both finite and high-dimensional cases. The proposed method and theoretical development are quite challenging since the numbers of linear covariates and nonlinear components both increase as the sample size increases. We also propose a doubly penalized procedure for variable selection which can simultaneously identify nonzero linear and nonparametric components, and which has an asymptotic oracle property. Extensive Monte Carlo studies have been conducted and show that the proposed procedure works effectively even with moderate sample sizes. A pharmacokinetics study on renal cancer data is illustrated using the proposed method.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AOS1194 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Additional file 4 of Identification of ALDH3A2 as a novel prognostic biomarker in gastric adenocarcinoma using integrated bioinformatics analysis
Creators: name: Zhenhua Yin
name: Dejun Wu
name: Jianping Shi
name: Xiyi Wei
name: Nuyun Jin
name: Xiaolan Lu
name: Ren, Xiaohan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S1. The 1672 prognosis-related genes.
Additional file 5 of Identification of ALDH3A2 as a novel prognostic biomarker in gastric adenocarcinoma using integrated bioinformatics analysis
Creators: name: Zhenhua Yin
name: Dejun Wu
name: Jianping Shi
name: Xiyi Wei
name: Nuyun Jin
name: Xiaolan Lu
name: Ren, Xiaohan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Table S2. The 31 genes of prognosis model.
A Few New Developments in Primate Housing and Husbandry
Creators: name: Schapiro, Steven J
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2015

description: Over the last few decades of the 20th century, laboratory animal scientists have made considerable advances in the development of avast array of animal models. This has been especially true for the establishment of nonhuman primate models as research resources. For these species, standards of care and criteria for definition, in terms of immunological, behavioral, and genetic factors, have been significantly enhanced in just the last few years. While these advancements are important, they represent only the initial steps toward the levels of care and definition that will be required in the 21st century. This paper will present a brief discussion of the past achievements, current practices, and future aims related to the development of nonhuman primate research resources at one primate facility in the United States. The discussion will focus on the primate colonies at The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center (UTMDACC) and our efforts to continue to enhance the definition of our primates and the samples we obtain from them. This philosophy of continuous refinement and definition of nonhuman primate models for research applies to many, if not all, primate facilities in the international laboratory animal community. A major focus of this paper will be to examine the complementary role that behavioral management strategies play in the establishment and enhancement of well-defined nonhuman primate research resources. I will mention the integral role of behavioral management in the development, maintenance, and enhancement of our rhesus macaque and chimpanzee breeding and research colonies. I will briefly describe why we converted our traditional rhesus monkey breeding colony into a Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) colony (Schapiro et al., 1994; Buchl et al., 1997). Our current efforts to further define the colony in ter s of MHC haplotypes (Doxiadis et al., 2000) and to breed for specific haplotypes, thereby making our colony Specific Haplotype Defined (SHD) in addition to SPF (using line breeding and potentially even embryo splitting techniques) will also be described. Additionally, I will discuss the use of positive reinforcement training techniques to obtain conscious and voluntary biological samples (blood samples) from chimpanzees. Conscious blood samples are obtained to improve welfare and to eliminate potential confounds related to unconsciousness, stress, and/or anesthetic agents, thereby enhancing the quality of the samples we use and thus the value of the research and the resource.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol. 27 No. 2 (2000)
Mechanism of structural phase transitions in KCrF3
Creators: name: Autieri, Carmine
name: Koch, Erik
name: Pavarini, Eva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the origin of the cubic to tetragonal and tetragonal to monoclinic structural transitions in KCrF3, and the associated change in orbital order, paying particular attention to the relevance of super-exchange in both phases. We show that super-exchange is not the main mechanism driving these transitions. Specifically, it is not strong enough to be responsible for the high-temperature cubic to tetragonal transition and does not yield the type of orbital order observed in the monoclinic phase. The energy difference between the tetragonal and the monoclinic structure is tiny, and most likely results from the interplay between volume, covalency, and localization effects. The transition is rather driven by Slater exchange than super-exchange. Nevertheless, once the monoclinic distortions are present, super-exchange helps in stabilizing the low symmetry structure. The orbital order we obtain for this monoclinic phase is consistent with the magnetic transition at 80 K.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Mental ability and common sense in an artificial society
Creators: name: Malarz, Krzysztof
name: Kułakowski, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We read newspapers and watch TV every day. There are many issues and many controversies. Since media are free, we can hear arguments from every possible side. How do we decide what is wrong or right? The first condition to accept a message is to understand it; messages that are too sophisticated are ignored. So it seems reasonable to assume that our understanding depends on our ability and our current knowledge. Here we show that the consequences of this statement are surprising and funny.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures, for Europhysics News
Dissemination, outreach and liaison activities report
Creators: name: Martínez, Daniel
name: Ramirez, Javier
name: Olive, Bernat
name: Bodare, Philip
name: Zafeirakopoulou, Effie
name: Petra, Eleni
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: EOSC
Underwater Research
Atmospheric Research
Space Research
IT services
Dissemination
Business
Strategy

description: This document is the dissemination, outreach and liaison activities report, report on activities
 and achievements of WP10 of NEANIAS project.
 The work carried out in the WP10 framework focused on three main objectives: the
 communication (to Increase NEANIAS visibility in terms of activities and outcomes, receive
 valuable feedback, inform the society and enhance market-uptake for the developed EOSC
 services), the dissemination (to position NEANIAS as a top-rank European Union EOSC project
 and EOSC Services Hub and to boost commercial exploitation strategy of the deployed EOSC
 services) and the user engagement and outreach (to share knowledge for further
 development and optimization of the considered services and raise awareness and
 demonstrate how NEANIAS services can cater to the needs and thematic end-user
 requirements). Outreach task force has been in permanent and close contact with the entire consortium,
 managing the knowledge and project activities for communication, dissemination and
 engagement purposes. The activity is organized by means of four tasks to be carried out
 throughout the life of the project (month1 to month 36) on a recurring basis: (i)
 communication, dissemination and outreach activities, (ii) branding, online presence and
 material establishment, (iii) stakeholder's engagement and (iv) Open Science initiatives and
 Research Infrastructures liaison activities with the support of all the partners according to
 their field of knowledge, specialty and connection with the ecosystem.
 The document presents:
 • The work plan for the work package, with goals and planned tasks.
 • The report of activities carried out during the project’s life, considering the digital
 channels, the material and templates, the articles and publications, the events and
 activities participated, and the open science initiatives and research infrastructures
 liaison activities.
 • The WP 10 organization.
 • The established KPIs and achievements.
Annealing effects on the magnetic and magnetotransport properties of iron oxide nanoparticles self-assemblies
Creators: name: Fabris, Fernando
name: Lima, Enio
name: Nuñez, Jorge Martín
name: Troiani, Horacio E
name: Aguirre, Myriam H
name: Leborán, Victor
name: Rivadulla, Francisco
name: Winkler, Elin L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In magnetic tunnel junctions based on iron oxide nanoparticles the disorder and the oxidation state of the surface spin as well as the nanoparticles functionalization play a crucial role in the magnetotransport properties. In this work, we report a systematic study of the effects of vacuum annealing on the structural, magnetic and transport properties of self-assembled ~10 nm Fe3O4 nanoparticles. The high temperature treatment (from 573 to 873 K) decomposes the organic coating into amorphous carbon, reducing the electrical resistivity of the assemblies by 4 orders of magnitude. At the same time, the 3Fe2+/(Fe3++Fe2+) ratio is reduced from 1.11 to 0.13 when the annealing temperature of the sample increases from 573 to 873 K, indicating an important surface oxidation. Although the 2 nm physical gap remains unchanged with the thermal treatment, a monotonous decrease of tunnel barrier width was obtained from the electron transport measurements when the annealing temperature increases, indicating an increment in the number of defects and hot-spots in the gap between the nanoparticles. This is reflected in the reduction of the spin dependent tunneling, which reduces the interparticle magnetoresistance. This work shows new insights about influence of the nanoparticle interfacial composition, as well their the spatial arrangement, on the tunnel transport of self-assemblies, and evidence the importance of optimizing the nanostructure fabrication for increasing the tunneling current without degrading the spin polarized current.
New infections to be considered in health monitoring of laboratory rodents
Creators: name: Hansen, AK
name: Velschow, S
name: Clausen, FB
name: Svendsen, O
name: Amtoft-Neubauer, H
name: Kristensen, K
name: Jørgensen, PH
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2015

description: In 1994 the Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associations issued guidelines for health monitoring in breeding colonies of rodents and rabbits recommending specific agents, test methods and sampling sites for each species. Today most commercial breeders in Europe perform health monitoring, which as a minimum fulfils the standards of the FELASA guidelines. Laboratory animal science and microbiology are, however, rapidly developing fields, which has made a revision necessary; a process, which is going on at the moment. This paper describe rodent infections, which need consideration in a revised set of guidelines. The infections considered are Helicobacter, Campylobacter, Haemophilus, Cilia associated respiratory bacillus and orphan parvovirus in rats and mice, as well as adenovirus, cardiovirus and parainfluenzavirus in guinea pigs. Some of these agents were mentioned but not recommended for mandatory screening in the guidelines, some have not been as easily accepted as part of health monitoring schedules as other agents, while some were not, at all, included in the guidelines.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol. 27 No. 2 (2000)
Internal flows and energy circulation in light beams
Creators: name: Bekshaev, Aleksandr
name: Bliokh, Konstantin
name: Soskin, Marat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review optical phenomena associated with the internal energy redistribution which accompany propagation and transformations of monochromatic light fields in homogeneous media. The total energy flow (linear-momentum density, Poynting vector) can be divided into spin part associated with the polarization and orbital part associated with the spatial inhomogeneity. We give general description of the internal flows in the coordinate and momentum (angular spectrum) representations for both nonparaxial and paraxial fields. This enables one to determine local densities and integral values of the spin and orbital angular momenta of the field. We analyse patterns of the internal flows in standard beam models (Gaussian, Laguerre-Gaussian, flat-top beam, etc.), which provide an insightful picture of the energy transport. The emphasize is made to the singular points of the flow fields. We describe the spin-orbit and orbit-orbit interactions in the processes of beam focusing and symmetry breakdown. Finally, we consider how the energy flows manifest themselves in the mechanical action on probing particles and in the transformations of a propagating beam subjected to a transverse perturbation.
description: 50 pages, 21 figures, 173 references. This is the final version of the manuscript (v1) modified in accord to the referee's remarks and with allowance for the recent development. The main changes are: additional discussion of the energy flows in Bessel beams (section 4.1), a lot of new references are added and the Conclusion is shortened and made more accurate. 01.11.2023: Eq. (4.5) corrected
Shaping the distribution of vertical velocities of antihydrogen in GBAR
Creators: name: Dufour, Gabriel
name: Debu, Pascal
name: Lambrecht, Astrid
name: Nesvizhevsky, Valery
name: Reynaud, Serge
name: Voronin, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GBAR is a project aiming at measuring the free fall acceleration of gravity for antimatter, namely antihydrogen atoms ($\overline{\mathrm{H}}$). Precision of this timing experiment depends crucially on the dispersion of initial vertical velocities of the atoms as well as on the reliable control of their distribution. We propose to use a new method for shaping the distribution of vertical velocities of $\overline{\mathrm{H}}$, which improves these factors simultaneously. The method is based on quantum reflection of elastically and specularly bouncing $\overline{\mathrm{H}}$ with small initial vertical velocity on a bottom mirror disk, and absorption of atoms with large initial vertical velocities on a top rough disk. We estimate statistical and systematic uncertainties, and show that the accuracy for measuring the free fall acceleration $\overline{g}$ of $\overline{\mathrm{H}}$ could be pushed below $10^{-3}$ under realistic experimental conditions.
Subwavelength particles in an inhomogeneous light field: Optical forces associated with the spin and orbital energy flows
Creators: name: Bekshaev, Aleksandr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the ponderomotive action experienced by a small spherical particle immersed in an optical field, in relation to the internal energy flows (optical currents) and their spin and orbital constituents. The problem is studied analytically, based on the dipole model, and numerically. Three sources of the field mechanical action - energy density gradient and the orbital and spin parts of the energy flow - differ by the ponderomotive mechanism, and their physical nature manifests itself in the optical force dependence on the particle radius a. If a is much less than the radiation wavelength, the optical force behaves as a^n and integer n can be used to classify the sources of the mechanical action. This classification correlates with the multipole representation of the field-particle interaction: The gradient force and the orbital-momentum force appear due to the electric or magnetic dipole moments per se, the spin-momentum force emerges due to interaction between the electric and magnetic dipoles or between the dipole and quadruple moments (if the particle is polarisable electrically but not magnetically or vice versa). In principle, the spin and orbital currents can be measured separately by the probe particle motion, employing the special choice of particles with necessary magnetic and/or electric properties.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures. The paper represents materials of the talk at conference "Singular Optics'12" in Sevastopol, 19 September 2012, and is designed to "Journal of Optics". In the last version, numbering of equations is corrected, and equations (17) and (21) are corrected
Plasma heating in solar flares and their soft and hard X-ray emissions
Creators: name: Falewicz, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the energy budgets of two single-loop like flares observed in X- ray are analysed under the assumption that non-thermal electrons (NTEs) are the only source of plasma heating during all phases of both events. The flares were observed by RHESSI and GOES on February 20th, 2002 and June 2nd, 2002, respectively. Using a 1D hydrodynamic code for both flares the energy deposited in the chromosphere was derived applying RHESSI observational data. The use of the Fokker-Planck formalism permits the calculation of distributions of the NTEs in flaring loops, thus spatial distributions of the X-ray non-thermal emissions and integral fluxes for the selected energy ranges which were compared with the observed ones. The best compatibility of the model with the observations was obtained for the June 2nd, 2002 event in both the 0.5-4 A GOES range and total fluxes in the 6-12 keV, 12-25 keV, 20-25 keV and 50- 100 keV energy bands. Results of photometry of the individual flaring structures in a high energy range shows that the best compliance occurred for the June 2nd, 2002 flare, where the synthesized emissions were 30% or more higher than the observed emissions. Some part of these differences may be caused by inevitable flaws of the applied methodology, like by an assumption that the model of the flare is symmetric and there are no differences in the emissions originating from the feet of the flare's loop and by relative simplicity of the applied numerical 1D code and procedures. Despite these problems, a collation of modelled results with observations shows that soft and hard X-ray emissions observed for analysed single-loop like events may be fully explained by electron beam-driven evaporation only.
description: 34 pages, 15 figures, 2 tables, The Astrophysical Journal (accepted, May 21, 2014)
Set-valued mapping and Rough Probability
Creators: name: Sedghi, Shaban
name: Shobe, Nabi
name: Lee, Dae-Won
name: Firouzian, Siamak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54E40, 54E35, 54H25

description: In 1982, the theory of rough sets proposed by Pawlak and in 2013, Luay concerned a rough probability by using the notion of Topology. In this paper, we study the rough probability in the stochastic approximation spaces by using set-valued mapping and obtain results on rough expectation, and rough variance.
description: 9 pages
Raman studies of nearly half-metallic ferromagnet CoS2
Creators: name: Lyapin, S. G.
name: Utyuzh, A. N.
name: Petrova, A. E.
name: Novikov, A. P.
name: Lograsso, T. A.
name: Stishov, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measured the Raman spectra of ferromagnetic nearly half metal CoS2 in a broad temperature range. All five Raman active modes Ag, Eg, Tg(1), Tg(2) and Tg(3) were observed. The magnetic ordering is indicated by a change of the temperature dependences of the frequency and the line width of Ag and T g(2) modes at the Curie point. The temperature dependence of the frequencies and linewidths of the Ag, Eg, Tg(1), T g(2) modes in the paramagnetic phase can be described in the framework of the Klemens approach. Hardening of the Tg(2), Tg(1) and A g modes on cooling can be unambiguously seen in the ferromagnetic phase. The linewidths of Tg(2) and Ag modes behave a natural way at low exciting laser power (decrease with decreasing temperature) in the ferromagnetic phase. At high exciting laser power the corresponding linewidths increase at temperature decreasing below the Curie temperature. Then as can be seen the line width of Ag mode reaches a maxima at about 80K. This intriging feature probably signifies a specific channel of the optical phonon decay in the ferromagnetic phase of CoS2. Tentative explanations of some of the observed effects are given, taking into account the nearly half metallic nature of CoS2.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
Cohomological Hall algebras for Higgs torsion sheaves, moduli of triples and sheaves on surfaces
Creators: name: Minets, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For any free oriented Borel-Moore homology theory $A$, we construct an associative product on the $A$-theory of the stack of Higgs torsion sheaves over a projective curve $C$. We show that the resulting algebra $A\mathbf{Ha}_C^0$ admits a natural shuffle presentation, and prove it is faithful when $A$ is replaced with usual Borel-Moore homology groups. We also introduce moduli spaces of stable triples, heavily inspired by Nakajima quiver varieties, whose $A$-theory admits an $A\mathbf{Ha}_C^0$-action. These triples can be interpreted as certain sheaves on $\mathbb P(T^*C)$. In particular, we obtain an action of $A\mathbf{Ha}_C^0$ on the cohomology of Hilbert schemes of points on $T^*C$.
description: 51 pages, completely rewritten section 7
Comparison of the arrhythmogenicity of acepromazine, xylazine and their combination in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats
Creators: name: Panahi, Y
name: Sajedianfard, J
name: Vesal, N
name: Mohammadabad, A R
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2015

description: Preanesthetic medications are often used in combination with injectable anesthetics in a variety of laboratory animal species. Simultaneous administration of sedative drugs, such as alpha2-adrenergic agonists and phenothiazines, provides muscle relaxation and reduces induction doses of anesthetic agents. However, these drugs may have significant cardiovascular and arrythmogenic effects which may contribute to anesthetic morbidity and mortality (Dyson et al., 1998). Results of previous reports indicate that xylazine, an alpha2-adrenergic agonist, may sensitize the myocardium to epinephrine in dogs anesthetized with halothane (Muir et al., 1975; Tranquilli et al., 1986), isoflurane (Tranquilli et al., 1988) and ketamine (Wright et al., 1987); whereas, acepromazine, a phenothiazine tranquilizer, possessed a protective action against catecholamine-induced arrhythmia in dogs anesthetized with halothane (Muir et al., 1975; Dyson & Pettifer, 1997). The male rat has been used as an animal model to determine the arrhythmic doses of epinephrine during halothane and isoflurane anesthesia (Laster et al., 1990). Rats are commonly used for scientific research and may be anesthetized using injectable or inhalant anesthetic agents for a variety of surgical procedures (Flecknell, 2009); however, injectable anesthetics are commonly preferred in a laboratory setting. Pentobarbital, as a short acting barbiturate anesthetic, is used for short surgical procedures in rats. It is rapidly absorbed following intraperitoneal administration and provide anesthesia for up to 60 min in the rat (Flecknell, 2009). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of clinical doses of acepromazine, xylazine and their combination on the occurrence of epinephrine induced arrhythmia in rats under pentobarbital anesthesia.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol. 40 (2014)
Parametric dependence of irregular conformal block
Creators: name: Choi, Sang-Kwan
name: Rim, Chaiho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Irregular conformal block is an important tool to study a new type of conformal theories, which can be constructed as the colliding limit of the regular conformal block. The irregular conformal block is realized as the $β$-deformed Penner matrix model whose partition function is regarded as the inner product of the irregular modules. The parameter dependence of the inner product is obtained explicitly using the loop equation with close attention to singularities in the parameter space. It is noted that the exact singular structure of the parameter space in general can be found using a very simple and powerful method which uses the flow equations of the partition function together with the hierarchical structure of the singularity. This method gives the exact expression to all orders of large $N$ expansion without using the explicit contour integral of the filling fraction.
description: 34pages, 8figures
Correlation between synthesis of ?2-macroglobulin in hepatocytes and changes in serum cytokine levels in rats after infl ammatory stimulation
Creators: name: Kuribayashi, T
name: Seita, T
name: Momotani, E
name: Honjo, T
name: Yamazaki, S
name: Yamamoto, S
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2015

description: The time course of ?2-macroglobulin (?2M) synthesis in rat liver was investigated using immunohistochemistry. Furthermore, correlations between synthesis of ?2M in hepatocytes and interleukin (IL)-6 and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 (CINC-1), which are considered to contribute to the production of ?2M, were evaluated. The presence of ?2M in the liver was investigated by immunohistochemistry, and serum levels of ?2M, IL-6 and CINC-1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. ?2M was not detected in the liver before injection of turpentine oil. ?2M was detected throughout the liver at 12 hours after injection of turpentine oil, when high serum levels of IL-6 and CINC-1 were observed. ?2M was distributed mainly around the central vein of the liver at 36 hours. Only small amounts of ?2M were detected in the liver at 48 hours, when peak serum levels of ?2M were observed. Synthesis of ?2M in hepatocytes peaked long before peak ?2M serum levels were seen. In conclusion, ?2M was considered to be synthesized in response to stimulation by IL-6 and CINC-1.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol. 40 (2014)
Double Decker Enrichment cages have no effect on long term nociception in neuropathic rats but increase exploration while decreasing anxiety-like behaviors
Creators: name: Vachon, P
Publisher: name: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences
Year: 2015

description: In this present study, we investigated the impact of environmental enrichment in Sprague Dawley rats up to three months after a chronic or sham nerve injury. Sprague Dawley rats were housed in either standard polycarbonate cages or rat enrichment cages. Following 2 weeks of training and the recording of baseline behavioral values, half of the animals underwent a right sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI) surgery under general anaesthesia to induce chronic neuropathic pain. The other animals underwent a sham surgery. Animals were then evaluated once a month for 3 consecutive months in different behavioural tests for of mechanical and heat sensitivities as well as for exploration and anxiety-like behaviors. Mechanical and heat sensitivities were also tested at 15 days following the surgery. One month following the surgery, half of the rats in each group (CCI and sham) were either left in the standard rat cages or placed in the Double Decker cages. Environmental enrichment did not affect the mechanical or heat sensitivity of neuropathic animals; however exploration increased, and anxiety-like behaviours decreased, significantly (p<0.01). These results clearly show that environmental enrichment can have a significant impact on exploratory and anxiety-like behaviour in neuropathic rats without modifying pain hypersensitivity.
description: Scandinavian Journal of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Vol. 40 (2014)
Economy Wide Impact of Investment in Road Infrastructure in Ethiopia: A Recursive Dynamic Computable General Equilibrium Approach
Creators: name: Gunjo, Semen Bekele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: In current periods Ethiopia has been implementing huge investment in road infrastructure across the country. Despite the significant improvements in road length, accessibility and quality of roads, few researches were conducted on the impacts of investments in road infrastructure on economic growth, household income and consumption growth. These researches were conducted following the partial equilibrium or econometric techniques that lacks to address the interrelated effect in addition to the limitation that some of these studies were done for a specific road sector development programs and or specific areas.
Additional file 1 of Beyond the supermarket: analyzing household shopping trip patterns that include food at home and away from home retailers
Creators: name: Yenerall, Jackie
name: You, Wen
name: Hill, Jennie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Influence of Household Characteristics and Food Environment on Likelihood of Belonging to Different Shopping Trip Patterns (Clusters). Additional file 1 and contains the full results for the regression reported in Table 5. This includes the coefficients for the variable’s vehicle, rural indicator, and primary respondent age, sex, race, self-reported education, which were included in the original analysis but not reported in Table 5.