cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Forks Over Knives: Predictive Inconsistency in Criminal Justice Algorithmic Risk Assessment Tools
Creators: name: Greene, Travis
name: Shmueli, Galit
name: Fell, Jan
name: Lin, Ching-Fu
name: Liu, Han-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Big data and algorithmic risk prediction tools promise to improve criminal justice systems by reducing human biases and inconsistencies in decision making. Yet different, equally-justifiable choices when developing, testing, and deploying these sociotechnical tools can lead to disparate predicted risk scores for the same individual. Synthesizing diverse perspectives from machine learning, statistics, sociology, criminology, law, philosophy and economics, we conceptualize this phenomenon as predictive inconsistency. We describe sources of predictive inconsistency at different stages of algorithmic risk assessment tool development and deployment and consider how future technological developments may amplify predictive inconsistency. We argue, however, that in a diverse and pluralistic society we should not expect to completely eliminate predictive inconsistency. Instead, to bolster the legal, political, and scientific legitimacy of algorithmic risk prediction tools, we propose identifying and documenting relevant and reasonable "forking paths" to enable quantifiable, reproducible multiverse and specification curve analyses of predictive inconsistency at the individual level.
A replication fork determinant for the establishment of sister chromatid cohesion.
Creators: name: Minamino, Masashi
name: Bouchoux, Céline
name: Canal, Berta
name: Diffley, John FX
name: Uhlmann, Frank
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: Model organisms
Biochemistry & Proteomics
Genetics & Genomics
Genome Integrity & Repair
Structural Biology & Biophysics
Cell Biology
Cell Cycle & Chromosomes
Computational & Systems Biology

description: Concomitant with DNA replication, the chromosomal cohesin complex establishes cohesion between newly replicated sister chromatids. Cohesion establishment requires acetylation of conserved cohesin lysine residues by Eco1 acetyltransferase. Here, we explore how cohesin acetylation is linked to DNA replication. Biochemical reconstitution of replication-coupled cohesin acetylation reveals that transient DNA structures, which form during DNA replication, control the acetylation reaction. As polymerases complete lagging strand replication, strand displacement synthesis produces DNA flaps that are trimmed to result in nicked double-stranded DNA. Both flaps and nicks stimulate cohesin acetylation, while subsequent nick ligation to complete Okazaki fragment maturation terminates the acetylation reaction. A flapped or nicked DNA substrate constitutes a transient molecular clue that directs cohesin acetylation to a window behind the replication fork, next to where cohesin likely entraps both sister chromatids. Our results provide an explanation for how DNA replication is linked to sister chromatid cohesion establishment.
title: How safe and effective is US guided biopsy: a retrospective analysis from a major tertiary teaching hospital in UK
Creators: name: Ghouri, Maaz
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Liver
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Biopsy

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Ultrasound-guided biopsy is widely regarded as safe and effective method of obtaining tissue for histological diagnosis for focal-lesions. Currently there are no definitive standards for success and complication rates of US-guided biopsies of...
ANAPT: Additive Noise Analysis for Persistence Thresholding
Creators: name: Myers, Audun D.
name: Khasawneh, Firas A.
name: Fasy, Brittany T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a novel method for Additive Noise Analysis for Persistence Thresholding (ANAPT) which separates significant features in the sublevel set persistence diagram of a time series based on a statistics analysis of the persistence of a noise distribution. Specifically, we consider an additive noise model and leverage the statistical analysis to provide a noise cutoff or confidence interval in the persistence diagram for the observed time series. This analysis is done for several common noise models including Gaussian, uniform, exponential and Rayleigh distributions. ANAPT is computationally efficient, does not require any signal pre-filtering, is widely applicable, and has open-source software available. We demonstrate the functionality ANAPT with both numerically simulated examples and an experimental data set. Additionally, we provide an efficient $Θ(n\log(n))$ algorithm for calculating the zero-dimensional sublevel set persistence homology.
title: The role of color Doppler ultrasound in the evaluation of choroidal melanoma.
Creators: name: Kamble, Akshaykumar
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Eyes

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To highlighttheradiological featuresofchoroidalmelanoma. To evaluatetheroleofcolorDopplerfor diagnosis and follow upofchoroidalmelanoma. To present a pictorial essayofchoroidalmelanomaand associated complications like retinal detachment. Review of...
Effects of microtubule mechanics on hydrolysis and catastrophes
Creators: name: Müller, Nina
name: Kierfeld, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a model for microtubule mechanics containing lateral bonds between dimers in neighboring protofilaments, bending rigidity of dimers, and repulsive interactions between protofilaments modeling steric constraints to investigate the influence of mechanical forces on hydrolysis and catastrophes. We use the allosteric dimer model, where tubulin dimers are characterized by an equilibrium bending angle, which changes from $0^\circ$ to $22^\circ$ by hydrolysis of a dimer. This also affects the lateral interaction and bending energies and, thus, the mechanical equilibrium state of the microtubule. As hydrolysis gives rise to conformational changes in dimers, mechanical forces also influence the hydrolysis rates by mechanical energy changes modulating the hydrolysis rate. The interaction via the microtubule mechanics then gives rise to correlation effects in the hydrolysis dynamics, which have not been taken into account before. Assuming a dominant influence of mechanical energies on hydrolysis rates, we investigate the most probable hydrolysis pathways both for vectorial and random hydrolysis. Investigating the stability with respect to lateral bond rupture, we identify initiation configurations for catastrophes along the hydrolysis pathways and values for a lateral bond rupture force. If we allow for rupturing of lateral bonds between dimers in neighboring protofilaments above this threshold force, our model exhibits avalanche-like catastrophe events.
title: Thermal ablation in painful bone metastases: a systematic review
Creators: name: Gennaro, Nicolò
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Bones
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Ablation procedures
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Complications
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological effects
subject: Outcomes

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: This is a systematic review of minimally invasive thermal ablative techniques aimedto provide pain relief to patients with bone metastases. We reviewed efficacy, duration of pain relief and complications of themajor ablation techniques:...
Artificial Intelligence Data Drive Marketing
Creators: name: Leocadio, Paulo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 460299
subject: Artificial intelligence not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460503
subject: Data models, storage and indexing

description: Current state of Cloud technologies, Big Data and data sciences driven solutions, machine learning and Artificial Intelligence offerings represents a renovated set of opportunities for sellers and marketers to reach their aimed audiences and further, enabling the identification of questions about customers’ segments, demographics, geographic, among others, where opportunity to expand their reach exists. Customer satisfaction trends and variations will provide data that can used on customer retention and competitive efforts. Customer insight data will help to strengthen loyalty programs on segments as diverse as banking and air travel. Data sets on demographics, behavior, competition will be key to shape products and offerings to the differences identified in the data. These applications, and others, have in common the need for data-related tools and solutions, where a business can retrieve and consume data (Big Data), can prepare the date according to the information needed to achieve a given goal (Analytics), and identify the big questions the business must ask to understand the market and successfully reach existing and new customers (Data Sciences). This article introduces the application of modern technologies building a market-data intertwined ecosystem where machine learning and analytics raise marketing efforts to the next level of execution.
title: HCC treatment with LUMI beads: first experience and imaging aspects
Creators: name: Dapoto, Annarita
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Embolisation
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Cone beam CT
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Interventional non-vascular

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the current standard of care for patients with intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [1, 2, 3]. TACE may also be performed using drug-eluting beads (DEB): embolic microspheres capable of loading...
Discovering the Ethereum2 P2P Network
Creators: name: Cortes-Goicoechea, Mikel
name: Bautista-Gomez, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Achieving the equilibrium between scalability, sustainability, and security while keeping decentralization has prevailed as the target solution for decentralized blockchain applications over the last years. Several approaches have been proposed by multiple blockchain teams to achieve it, Ethereum being among them. Ethereum is on the path of a major protocol improvement called Ethereum 2.0 (Eth2), implementing Sharding and introducing the Proof-of-Stake (PoS). As the change of consensus mechanism is a delicate matter, this improvement will be achieved through different phases, the first of which is the implementation of the Beacon Chain. As Ethereum1, Eth2 relies on a decentralized peer-to-peer (p2p) network for the message distribution. Up to date, we estimate that there are around 5.000 nodes in the Eth2 main net geographically distributed. However, the topology of this one still prevails unknown. In this paper, we present the results obtained from the analysis we performed on the Eth2 p2p network. Describing the topology of the network, as possible hazards that this one implies.
Proceedings 2nd French Singaporean Workshop on Formal Methods and Applications
Creators: name: Lin, Shang-Wei
name: Petrucci, Laure
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.1; D.2.2; D.2.4; D.2.10; D.2.11; F.1.1; F.1.2; F.3.1; F.3.2

description: This volume contains the proceedings of the 2nd French Singaporean Workshop on Formal Methods and Applications (FSFMA'14). The workshop was held in Singapore on May 13th, 2014, as a satellite event of the 19th International Symposium on Formal Methods (FM'14). FSFMA aims at sharing research interests and launching collaborations in the area of formal methods and their applications. The scientific subject of the workshop covers (but is not limited to) areas such as formal specification, model checking, verification, program analysis/transformation, software engineering, and applications in major areas of computer science, including aeronautics and aerospace. The workshop brings together researchers and industry R&D experts from France, Singapore and other countries together to exchange their knowledge, discuss their research findings, and explore potential collaborations. This volume contains eight contributions: four invited talks and four regular papers.
title: Imaging spectrum of non-epithelial ovarian tumors: a road less travelled
Creators: name: Sahin, Hilal
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Oncology
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: - To demonstrate wide spectrum of MR imaging findings of non-epithelial ovarian tumors - To review characteristic imaging features of tumors in the non-epithelial group - To emphasize pearls and pitfalls to differentiate them from their...
A Novel Approach for Classification and Forecasting of Time Series in Particle Accelerators
Creators: name: Li, Sichen
name: Zacharias, Mélissa
name: Snuverink, Jochem
name: de Portugal, Jaime Coello
name: Perez-Cruz, Fernando
name: Reggiani, Davide
name: Adelmann, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The beam interruptions (interlocks) of particle accelerators, despite being necessary safety measures, lead to abrupt operational changes and a substantial loss of beam time. A novel time series classification approach is applied to decrease beam time loss in the High Intensity Proton Accelerator complex by forecasting interlock events. The forecasting is performed through binary classification of windows of multivariate time series. The time series are transformed into Recurrence Plots which are then classified by a Convolutional Neural Network, which not only captures the inner structure of the time series but also utilizes the advances of image classification techniques. Our best performing interlock-to-stable classifier reaches an Area under the ROC Curve value of $0.71 \pm 0.01$ compared to $0.65 \pm 0.01$ of a Random Forest model, and it can potentially reduce the beam time loss by $0.5 \pm 0.2$ seconds per interlock.
title: Cerebral atrophy and white matter lesions as biomarkers of premature ageing amongst homeless patients: A pilot study.
Creators: name: O'Mahony, Johnny
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Occupational / Environmental hazards
subject: Socio-economic issues
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Head and neck

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: There is a little published data on indices of cerebral atrophy and cognitive impairment in homeless persons despite well documented premature ageing in this group. We sought to carry out a pilot study, assessing the extent of cerebral atrophy in a...
title: Fishing the pulmonary nodule: CT-guided hook wire localization
Creators: name: Calero Garcia, Maria
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Thorax
subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Surgery
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To explain the usefullness of pulmonary lesion localization prior to Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), being CT-guided hook-wire a feasible and safe method. In practice, non widely known. To describe the procedure. To assess the safety...
Order 3 symplectic automorphisms on K3 surfaces
Creators: name: Garbagnati, Alice
name: Montañez, Yulieth Prieto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J28, 14J50

description: The aim of this paper is to generalize results known for the symplectic involutions on K3 surfaces to the order 3 symplectic automorphisms on K3 surfaces. In particular, we will explicitly describe the action induced on the lattice $Λ_{K3}$, isometric to the second cohomology group of a K3 surface, by a symplectic automorphism of order 3; we exhibit the maps $π_*$ and $π^*$ induced in cohomology by the rational quotient map $π:X\dashrightarrow Y$, where $X$ is a K3 surface admitting an order 3 symplectic automorphism $σ$ and $Y$ is the minimal resolution of the quotient $X/σ$; we deduce the relation between the Néron--Severi group of $X$ and the one of $Y$. Applying these results we describe explicit geometric examples and generalize the Shioda--Inose structures, relating Abelian surfaces admitting order 3 endomorphisms with certain specific K3 surfaces admitting particular order 3 symplectic automorphisms.
description: 28 pages. Version 2: this is the published version of the paper. The last section of the previous version (v1) was erased (the results are only stated) and it is now contained in arXiv:2209.10141
Long non-coding RNA MCM3AP antisense RNA 1 promotes non-small cell lung cancer progression through targeting microRNA-195-5p
Creators: name: Shen, Dijian
name: Li, Jianqiang
name: Tao, Kaiyi
name: Jiang, Youhua
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Lung cancer (LC) ranks first among all causes of cancer-related death, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) taking up 85% of lung cancer cases. Although lncRNA MCM3AP antisense RNA 1 (MCM3AP-AS1) has been reported to be an oncogenic factor in NSCLC, its detailed mechanism in NSCLC is unknown. In this study, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to determine MCM3AP-AS1, microRNA (miR)-195-5p and E2F transcription factor 3 (E2F3) mRNA expressions in NSCLC tissues and cells. Western blot was utilized to determine the expression levels of E2F3, BCL2-associated X protein (Bax), B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), E-cadherin and N-cadherin. CCK-8 and Transwell assays were conducted to examine cell proliferation, migration and invasion, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation experiments were used to determine the regulatory relationships between MCM3AP-AS1 and miR-195-5p, and miR-195-5p and E2F3. We demonstrated that MCM3AP-AS1 was overexpressed in NSCLC tissues and cells, and MCM3AP-AS1 overexpression accelerated the proliferation, migration and invasion of NSCLC cells. In addition, MCM3AP-AS1 overexpression markedly up-modulated Bcl-2 expression and repressed Bax expression; MCM3AP-AS1 overexpression also significantly up-regulated N-cadherin expression and suppressed E-cadherin expression in NSCLC cells. What is more, in NSCLC cells, miR-195-5p was a target of MCM3AP-AS1, and the latter worked as a molecular sponge for miR-195-5p to regulate E2F3 expression. Collectively, MCM3AP-AS1, serving as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to regulate miR-195-5p/E2F3 axis, promotes NSCLC progression, which is a promising therapeutic target for NSCLC.
D4.6 Harmonization opportunities on the technological landscape for first aid response on multi-casualty disasters M18
Creators: name: López Bernal, Sergio
name: Martínez Beltrán, Enrique Tomás
name: Quiles Pérez, Mario
name: Gil Pérez, Manuel
name: Martínez Pérez, Gregorio
name: López Bernal, Eduardo
name: Martínez López, Juan Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: standard
protocol
trusted communication
network
CBRNE
GIS
Data Services

description: This section first presents the methodology followed during the elaboration of this report, which is essential to help understand a recreate the findings of this document. It also presents the structure of the document, which has been agreed and shared between the second deliverable of work packages WP4, WP5 and WP6. After that, it presents the exclusion criteria followed, which highlights essential aspects to understand which data have not been considered and why. Finally, a brief explanation of the data sources used is presented.
title: Thyroid orbitopathy: Imaging findings and indications. Assessment of quantitative analysis methods
Creators: name: García Sánchez, María Jesús
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Metabolic disorders
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Thyroid / Parathyroids
subject: Eyes

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: -To review the image findings in thyroid orbitopathy with different techniques. -To evaluate the usefulness of these techniques in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with emphasis on quantitative...
The Sustainability of Smart Cities and Digital Government
Creators: name: Leocadio, Paulo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 370201
subject: Climate change processes
classificationCode: 410402
subject: Environmental assessment and monitoring
classificationCode: 419999
subject: Other environmental sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 400602
subject: Data communications
classificationCode: 400699
subject: Communications engineering not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460609
subject: Networking and communications
classificationCode: 409999
subject: Other engineering not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460299
subject: Artificial intelligence not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 461299
subject: Software engineering not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460806
subject: Human-computer interaction
classificationCode: 460902
subject: Decision support and group support systems
classificationCode: 460699
subject: Distributed computing and systems software not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460911
subject: Inter-organisational, extra-organisational and global information systems
classificationCode: 460908
subject: Information systems organisation and management
classificationCode: 469999
subject: Other information and computing sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460608
subject: Mobile computing
classificationCode: 461008
subject: Organisation of information and knowledge resources
classificationCode: 460308
subject: Pattern recognition
classificationCode: 460502
subject: Data mining and knowledge discovery
classificationCode: 460603
subject: Cyberphysical systems and internet of things

description: Smart Cities and, broadly, digital government, e-government, together with every other denomination of public administration operated with strong application of modern technology, Big Data, Cloud Computing, and all sorts of connected devices (IoT or Internet of Things), became a theme at the top of the list of medium to large municipality governments across the world. Beyond the adoption of existing frameworks and the commission of comprehensive projects from global investment agencies and global consulting companies, the transformation of a locally governed territory (cities, districts, counties, municipalities) into Smart Cities will be an adaptation (objective or otherwise) of the concepts, models, standards, and principles of smart governments, combined with the adoption of current technologies to achieve the plans of the public administration, according to laws and regulations, within a time frame fundamentally restricted by the electoral schedule (and the administration’s approved budget). The goal of this article is to introduce sustainable smart cities, having sustainability as both a cause and a consequence of the digital transformation of the standard operations of the government. A Smart City can have sustainability embedded in its objectives and underlying goals, as much as a consequence of its implementation, with positive or negative outcomes for the population and the geography of the municipality.
Extremum Seeking-based Iterative Learning Linear MPC
Creators: name: Benosman, Mouhacine
name: Di Cairano, Stefano
name: Weiss, Avishai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this work we study the problem of adaptive MPC for linear time-invariant uncertain models. We assume linear models with parametric uncertainties, and propose an iterative multi-variable extremum seeking (MES)-based learning MPC algorithm to learn on-line the uncertain parameters and update the MPC model. We show the effectiveness of this algorithm on a DC servo motor control example.
description: To appear at the IEEE MSC 2014
Calm Before the Storm: The Challenges of Cloud Computing in Digital Forensics
Creators: name: Grispos, George
name: Storer, Tim
name: Glisson, William Bradley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cloud computing is a rapidly evolving information technology (IT) phenomenon. Rather than procure, deploy and manage a physical IT infrastructure to host their software applications, organizations are increasingly deploying their infrastructure into remote, virtualized environments, often hosted and managed by third parties. This development has significant implications for digital forensic investigators, equipment vendors, law enforcement, as well as corporate compliance and audit departments (among others). Much of digital forensic practice assumes careful control and management of IT assets (particularly data storage) during the conduct of an investigation. This paper summarises the key aspects of cloud computing and analyses how established digital forensic procedures will be invalidated in this new environment. Several new research challenges addressing this changing context are also identified and discussed.
title: Integrating the UK Royal College of Radiologists (RCR) undergraduate curriculum into final year medical student clinical teaching: experiences from a pilot radiology workshop and simulation exercise
Creators: name: Sarang, Zubair
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: eLearning
subject: Education
subject: MR
subject: Digital radiography
subject: CT
subject: eHealth

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Primary : To describe our institutional experience of integrating the United Kingdom Royal College of Radiologists (RCR) national undergraduate curriculum 2nd edition (January 2017) 1 into final year medical student teaching using a structured...
Extending Partial Representations of Rectangular Duals with Given Contact Orientations
Creators: name: Chaplick, Steven
name: Kindermann, Philipp
name: Klawitter, Jonathan
name: Rutter, Ignaz
name: Wolff, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05C62, 68R10

description: A rectangular dual of a graph $G$ is a contact representation of $G$ by axis-aligned rectangles such that (i)~no four rectangles share a point and (ii)~the union of all rectangles is a rectangle. The partial representation extension problem for rectangular duals asks whether a given partial rectangular dual can be extended to a rectangular dual, that is, whether there exists a rectangular dual where some vertices are represented by prescribed rectangles. Combinatorially, a rectangular dual can be described by a regular edge labeling (REL), which determines the orientations of the rectangle contacts. We describe two approaches to solve the partial representation extension problem for rectangular duals with given REL. On the one hand, we characterise the RELs that admit an extension, which leads to a linear-time testing algorithm. In the affirmative, we can construct an extension in linear time. This partial representation extension problem can also be formulated as a linear program (LP). We use this LP to solve the simultaneous representation problem for the case of rectangular duals when each input graph is given together with a REL.
description: An earier version appeared in the Proceedings of CIAC 2021
The long non-coding RNA NNT-AS1 promotes clear cell renal cell carcinoma progression via regulation of the miR-137/ Y-box binding protein 1 axis
Creators: name: Zhou, Yadi
name: Zhang, Zhenghao
name: Wo, Mingyi
name: Xu, Wenfang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in the progression of malignant tumors, including in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, the function and the specific mechanism of lncRNA nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase antisense RNA 1 (NNT-AS1) in ccRCC remains unknown. Thus, this study explored the role of NNT-AS1 in ccRCC. We evaluated NNT-AS1 expression in ccRCC specimens. Next, CCK-8 and Transwell assays were used to evaluate cell proliferation and metastatic abilities. The interaction between miR-137 and NNT-AS1 or Y-box binding protein 1 (YBX-1) was confirmed using a dual luciferase reporter assay. The results showed that NNT-AS1 was significantly upregulated in ccRCC specimens compared with normal tissues. Inhibition of NNT-AS1 restrained ccRCC proliferation and metastasis. Mechanistically, NNT-AS1 acted as a competitive endogenous RNA to sponge miR-137, which depressed ccRCC cells proliferation and metastasis. Moreover, with the use of bioinformatics analysis, the famous oncogene YBX-1 was selected as the potential target of miR-137. Luciferase assay also confirmed the interaction between miR-137 and YBX-1. Further functional studies demonstrated that the inhibition effect of NNT-AS1 knockdown on ccRCC carcinogenesis could be partially reversed by overexpression of YBX-1, suggesting that NNT-AS1 promotes ccRCC progression through the miR-137/YBX-1 pathway. In summary, these findings indicate that NNT-AS1 promotes ccRCC progression via the miR-137/YBX-1 pathway, which may provide a promising therapeutic target for renal cell carcinoma.
Large Language Models ‒ Machine Learning Down To Earth
Creators: name: Leocadio, Paulo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 461199
subject: Machine learning not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460299
subject: Artificial intelligence not elsewhere classified

description: The business marketplace has been flooded with waves of technology trends that periodically surface and become present on every other sales pitch from technology vendors and build up as the ultimate necessity in the minds of many CIOs.  There is a variety of examples to mention: downsizing, rightsizing, outsourcing, offshoring, consumerization of IT, and the adoption of Cloud technologies, among others. And like virtual tsunamis, these trends come impacting, sometimes disrupting, and even influencing the performance or changing the perception of a corporation (or government) in the eyes of the consumer. It is not different today: tailgating the Cloud adoption, and the spreading of a Big Data mindset to solve problems and build solutions comes Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML). Vendors quickly packaged “AI” offerings, often pre-existing call-center-related scripts and chatbots, the door to the CIOs’ IT team was opened, and the offerings began to mature beyond call centers and the diverse medical and micro-biological use. University and Academic AI-related research were reinforced by highly specialized and well-funded dedicated groups in companies like Google, Facebook, and IBM. Smaller organizations, collectives, and startups are also receiving funding and investments. Open AI became an important presence under many aspects and circumstances. Anyone can interact online and in real-time with its chatbot, obtaining real-life value as a work tool for many areas. When asked “please explain what Large Language Models are?”, the OpenAI chatbot responded (OpenAI, 2023): “Large Language Models (LLMs) are a type of artificial intelligence (AI) model that is designed to understand and generate human-like language. These models are trained on massive amounts of text data, such as books, articles, and web pages, and use advanced algorithms to learn the patterns and structures of language. LLMs can perform a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks, such as language translation, sentiment analysis, text classification, and question-answering. They can also generate human-like text, such as short stories, news articles, and even poetry. Some examples of LLMs include GPT-3 (Generative Pre-trained Transformer 3), BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers), and T5 (Text-to-Text Transfer Transformer). These models have achieved significant breakthroughs in NLP and are widely used in industry and academia for various applications.”(grammar errors found in the AI-generated text were left unchanged on purpose).
Light defection due to a charged, rotating body
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Sarani
name: Sen, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to GTR and subsequent developments in the field, it is known that there are three factors namely mass, rotation and charge that can influence the space-time geometry. Accordingly, we discuss the effect of space-time geometry of a charged, rotating body on the motion of the light ray. We obtained the expression for equatorial defection of light due to such a body up to fourth order term. In our expression for defection angle it is clear that charge can influence the path of light ray. We used the null geodesic approach of light ray for our calculation. If we set the charge to zero our expression of bending angle gets reduced to the Kerr equatorial bending angle.If we set rotation to zero our expression reduces to Resinner-Nordstr$\ddot{o}$m defection angle and if we set both charge and rotation to zero our expression reduces to Schwarzschild bending angle. However, we get non-zero bending angle for a hypothetical massless, rotating, charged body.
description: 8 pages
Riemannian geometry of resonant optical responses
Creators: name: Ahn, Junyeong
name: Guo, Guang-Yu
name: Nagaosa, Naoto
name: Vishwanath, Ashvin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The geometry of quantum states is well-established as a basis for understanding the response of electronic systems to static electromagnetic fields, as exemplified by the theory of the quantum and anomalous Hall effects. However, it has been challenging to relate quantum geometry to resonant optical responses. The main obstacle is that optical transitions involve a pair of states, while existing geometrical properties are defined for a single state. As a result, a concrete geometric understanding of optical responses has so far been limited to two-level systems, where the Hilbert space is completely determined by a single state and its orthogonal complement. Here, we construct a general theory of Riemannian geometry for resonant optical processes by identifying transition dipole moment matrix elements as tangent vectors. This theory applies to arbitrarily high-order responses, suggesting that optical responses can generally be thought of as manifestations of the Riemannian geometry of quantum states. We use our theory to show that third-order photovoltaic Hall effects are related to the Riemann curvature tensor and demonstrate an experimentally accessible regime where they dominate the response.
description: 14+4 pages, 3 figures, accepted version
Quantum limits to estimation of photon deformation
Creators: name: De Cillis, Giovanni
name: Paris, Matteo G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address potential deviations of radiation field from the bosonic behaviour and employ local quantum estimation theory to evaluate the ultimate bounds to precision in the estimation of these deviations using quantum-limited measurements on optical signals. We consider different classes of boson deformation and found that intensity measurement on coherent or thermal states would be suitable for their detection making, at least in principle, tests of boson deformation feasible with current quantum optical technology. On the other hand, we found that the quantum signal-to-noise ratio (QSNR) is vanishing with the deformation itself for all the considered classes of deformations and probe signals, thus making any estimation procedure of photon deformation inherently inefficient. A partial way out is provided by the polynomial dependence of the QSNR on the average number of photon, which suggests that, in principle, it would be possible to detect deformation by intensity measurements on high-energy thermal states.
description: 9 pages
title: Emergency neuroradiologic managment (CTA, MRA, DSA) in traumatic head and neck vascular injury: Indications, diagnostic findings and treatment
Creators: name: Sanfilippo, Giuseppina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Dissection
subject: Recanalisation
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Vascular
subject: Trauma
subject: Head and neck
subject: Fistula
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Emergency selection Criteria of traumatized Patient at risk of neurovascular injury (arterial dissection, venous thrombosis and AV fistulae) Role of CTA-MRA and DSA in the diagnosis (sensitivity and specificity of different techniques) and...
A comparative study on biogas production from food waste using Aspen Plus and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN)
Creators: name: Anaya Menacho, Walter
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2023
Subjects: Waste management, reduction, reuse and recycling

description: The goal of this research was to simulate and make a comparative study between Aspen Plus and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for the anaerobic digestion of food waste at different temperatures, Organic Loading Rates (OLR) and Hydraulic Retentions Time (HRT) variations, using a two-stage digester setup. The Anaerobic Digestion Model 1 (ADM1) included 13 hydrolysis reactions and 33 acidogenesis, acetogenesis and methanogenesis reactions. In addition, the retention time was set at 7, 10, 20, 30 and 40 days and a Stoichiometric and a Continuous Stirred tank reactors were used at 37°C and 55°C respectively. Conversely, the ANN model used 140 data samples for training, testing and validation. The ANN model used 6 biogas input parameters (biomass type, pH, OLR, HRT, temperature, and reactor volume) in order to predict the methane content from the anaerobic digestion of food waste.
title: Ex vivo comparison of the accuracy of a clamped with a hand-held drill guide
Creators: name: James, Oliver A.
Publisher: name: The University of Edinburgh
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Equine
subject: Drill guide
subject: Accuracy
subject: Orthopaedics
subject: Fracture

description: OBJECTIVES: To determine whether a clamped drill guide can be used effectively to drill across equine distal third metacarpal and metatarsal (MC3/MT3) bones and across the proximal aspect of the proximal phalanx (P1) bone. Additionally, to compare the accuracy and speed when using the clamped drill guide to that of a hand-held drill guide. STUDY DESIGN: 80 equine cadaver limbs were divided between 4 surgeons of varying experience. The limbs were randomly allocated to clamped or hand-held drill guides and placed in a stand in an upright/standing position on a table. Drilling times from cis to trans cortices were measured. Post-drilling CT images were used to assess drilling deviations in the dorsopalmar (dorsal = -ve and palmar/plantar = +ve values) and proximodistal (proximal = -ve and distal = +ve values) directions from parallel to the articular surface. RESULTS: Mean proximodistal deviation of the drill hole through the distal MC3/MT3 was distal for both guides and significantly lower for the clamped drill guide (+0.35º) than for the hand-held drill guide (+2.05º). Mean dorsopalmar/plantar deviation was non-significantly lower for the clamped drill guide (-0.27º) than the hand-held drill guide (+0.60º). There was no significant difference between drill guides in deviation of the drill hole when drilling through proximal P1 in either direction. The mean time taken to drill from cis to trans cortex was significantly shorter with the clamped drill guide than the hand-held guide for both the distal MC3/MT3 and P1. CONCLUSION: The clamped drill guide can be used successfully in the equid distal MC3/MT3 and P1. Use of the clamped guide resulted in improved accuracy when drilling across the distal MC3/MT3 and reduced drilling time when drilling across both MC3/MT3 and P1 bones compared to the hand-held guide. There was noticeable slippage of the clamped guide when used on P1, resulting in decreased accuracy. The results suggest use of the clamped drill guide in vivo may be of benefit, however further modifications may help reduce slippage and improve accuracy further, particularly when used for the proximal aspect of P1.
title: Ανάπτυξη φυσαλίδων σε υπερκόρο διάλυμα υπό συνθήκες μικροβαρύτητας
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Bubbles growing in supersaturated solutions at microgravity conditions
Creators: name: Διβίνης, Νικόλαος
Publisher: name: University of Thessaly
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: ΦΥΣΑΛΙΔΕΣ
subject: ΘΕΡΜΟΤΗΤΑ -- ΜΕΤΑΔΟΣΗ

description: Στη διατριβή εξετάζεται η ανάπτυξη φυσαλίδων μέσα σε υγρό κορεσμένο με διαλυμένο αέριο, όταν η θερμοκρασία του υγρού αυξάνεται τοπικά πάνω από τη θερμοκρασία κορεσμού, αλλά κάτω από το σημείο βρασμού του. Η δημιουργία και η ανάπτυξη φυσαλίδων αέριας φάσης μέσα σε υγρό παίζει σημαντικό ρόλο σε διάφορους τομείς της τεχνολογίας (παρασκευή γυαλιού, πολυμερικών αφρών, ανθρακούχων ποτών, διαχωρισμοί επίπλευσης, μεταφορά θερμότητας με βρασμό), σε γεωφυσικά φαινόμενα (απαέρωση ηφαιστείων) αλλά και στην ανθρώπινη φυσιολογία (νόσος δυτών). Τα πειράματα που παρουσιάζονται διεξήχθησαν σε συνθήκες μικροβαρύτητας κατά τη διάρκεια παραβολικών πτήσεων του ευρωπαϊκού οργανισμού διαστήματος (ESA). Το περιβάλλον μικροβαρύτητας διατηρεί το σχήμα των φυσαλίδων σφαιρικό και εκμηδενίζει τη φυσική συναγωγή, επιτρέποντας έτσι λεπτομερέστερη εξέταση της μοριακής μεταφοράς θερμότητας/μάζας (διάχυση) και των διεπιφανειακών φαινομένων (θερμοτριχοειδής συναγωγή). Μελετώνται τέσσερα υγρά με διαφορετικές θερμοφυσικές ιδιότητες, ενώ το αέριο κορεσμού είναι πάντα διοξείδιο του άνθρακα. Οι φυσαλίδες αναπτύσσονται στην άκρη ενός μικρού, σχεδόν σφαιρικού θερμαντήρα (thermistor) και στην επιφάνεια ενός επίπεδου θερμαντήρα, ενώ η εξέλιξή τους καταγράφεται οπτικά και αναλύεται με επεξεργασία εικόνας. Διαπιστώθηκε ότι η πυρηνογένεση παρουσιάζει χρονική υστέρηση αντιστρόφως ανάλογη της θερμοκρασίας του θερμαντήρα (ή, ισοδύναμα, της θερμικής ισχύος που καταναλώνεται). Ο ρυθμός ανάπτυξης της φυσαλίδας εξαρτάται ισχυρά από τις ιδιότητες του υγρού. Για το ίδιο υγρό, αύξηση της θερμικής ισχύος οδηγεί σε ταχύτερη ανάπτυξη. Πέραν ορισμένης ισχύος (χαρακτηριστικής για κάθε υγρό) αναπτύσσονται ταυτόχρονα περισσότερες της μίας φυσαλίδες οι οποίες ανταγωνίζονται για το διαθέσιμο διαλυμένο διοξείδιο. Οι φυσαλίδες που αναπτύσσονται στο ευνοϊκότερο υγρό (κ-επτάνιο) παρουσιάζουν έντονη εγκάρσια κινητικότητα και φαινόμενα συγχώνευσης, θερμοτριχοειδούς έλξης και εξαναγκασμένης αποκόλλησης. Διαμορφώθηκε μοντέλο σφαιρικά συμμετρικής διάχυσης θερμότητας/μάζας για την πρόβλεψη του ρυθμού αύξησης της ακτίνας της φυσαλίδας. Ισοθερμοκρασιακή ανάπτυξη (με θερμοκρασία φυσαλίδας ίση με του θερμαντήρα) οδηγεί σε νόμο της μορφής R~t05, και επαληθεύεται πειραματικά μόνον κατά τα πρώτα λίγα δευτερόλεπτα της εξέλιξης. Το μοντέλο χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την επίλυση του αντίστροφου προβλήματος (πρόβλεψη της χρονικής εξέλιξης της μέσης θερμοκρασίας φυσαλίδας με βάση την μετρημένη μεταβολή του μεγέθους της) και έδειξε ότι η φυσαλίδα σταδιακά υπολείπεται όλο και περισσότερο της θερμοκρασίας του θερμαντήρα λόγω της αύξουσας επίδρασης της ψυχρής κύριας μάζας του υγρού.
title: Caroli’s Syndrome and Caroli’s Disease. Let’s check the differences.
Creators: name: Camarco, Mariana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cysts
subject: Congenital
subject: Cirrhosis
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Liver
subject: Kidney
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Review autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) and its main presentation in association with liver disease. Show the difference between Caroli's disease and Caroli's syndrome. Familiarize radiologists with the spectrum of these...