cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phase Transition and Symmetry Breaking in the Minority Game
Creators: name: Challet, Damien
name: Marsili, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Minority Game, a model of interacting heterogeneous agents, can be described as a spin systems and it displays a phase transition between a symmetric phase and a symmetry broken phase where the games outcome is predicable. As a result a ``spontaneous magnetization'' arises in the spin formalism.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitted to PRE/Rapid Communications Major revision of the text
The Use and Role of Narrative Practices to Mitigate Compassion Fatigue among Expatriate Health Workers during the Ebola Outbreak of 2013-2016
Creators: Cunningham, Tim
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Ebola virus disease
subject: Narrative medicine
subject: Medical personnel--Mental health
subject: Public health
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This dissertation is made up of three distinct parts: 1) A comprehensive, structured literature review 2) a mixed-methods descriptive study and 3) an inductive thematic qualitative analysis.  The objective of this dissertation is to explore the concepts of compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction and burnout as they relate to the practices of narrative medicine among expatriate humanitarian aid workers.  Data collected for this research focuses on expatriate healthcare workers who provided direct patient care during the 2013-2016 Ebola response in Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea.  Findings from these studies support the growing body of evidence and discussion regarding psychosocial support of healthcare workers in humanitarian contexts.  To the extent that global health is public health (Fried, 2010), results from this dissertation will contribute guidance in the understanding and management of aid workers in contexts beyond the Ebola response.
Security, freedom and justice: The limits of mutual trust in EU Criminal law
Creators: name: Sáenz Pérez, Cristina
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The tensions between security and justice have shaped integration in the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ) since its early years. This thesis explores how systematic violations of the rule of law and fundamental rights as guarantees of justice limit the fulfilment of security objectives in judicial cooperation in criminal matters. In this area, Member States have resisted supranationalisation and prioritised cooperative instruments based on mutual recognition. Mutual trust provides the constitutional basis to this cooperation, permitting the realisation of security goals based on a presumption of equal compliance with EU values.Mutual trust is conceived as a constitutional principle that facilitates a multi-level judicial dialogue between Member States’ courts horizontally and, vertically, between them, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), and the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU). This thesis demonstrates that this multi-level engagement constitutes the primary governance mechanism to arbitrate tensions between security and justice in criminal matters. Through this judicial dialogue, Member States’ courts identify the areas in which systemic violations of fundamental rights and the rule of law occur. At the same time, the identification of these systemic violations shows the limits of court-based action in criminal matters and clarifies the areas in which further harmonisation remains necessary.This study argues that the multi-level engagement between courts exposes the limitations of integration based on mutual trust in criminal matters. It demonstrates that meeting the security goals of EU criminal law and guaranteeing that mutual recognition based on mutual trust operates unimpeded requires that the legislature prioritises the harmonisation of fundamental rights and the rule of law. Otherwise, the prevalence of deficient justice standards across the EU will continue to provide reasons to question the absoluteness of mutual trust and, hence, the fulfilment of the security goals of the AFSJ.
How to Describe Photons as (3+1)-Solitons?
Creators: name: Donev, S.
name: Trifonov, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper aims to present the pure field part of the newly developed nonlinear {\it Extended Electrodynamics} [1]-[3] in non-relativistic terms, i.e. in terms of the electric and magnetic vector fields (${\mathbf E},{\mathbf B}$), and to give explicitly those (3+1)-soliton solutions of the new equations which have the integral properties of photons. The set of solutions to the new equations contains all solutions to Maxwell's equations as a subclass, as well as, new solutions, called nonlinear. The important characteristics {\it scale factor}, {\it amplitude function}, and {\it phase function} of a nonlinear solution are defined in a coordinate free way and effectively used. The nonlinear solutions are identified through the non-zero values of two appropriately defined vector fields $\vec{\cal F}$ and $\vec{\cal M}$, as well as, through the finite values of the corresponding scale factors. The intrinsic angular momentum (spin) is also defined. A limited superposition principle (interference of nonlinear solutions), yielding the well known classical {\it coherence} conditions, is found to exist.
description: Latex, 15 pages (17 x 24cm text), no figures
Stable compactification and gravitational excitons from extra dimensions
Creators: name: Guenther, U.
name: Zhuk, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study inhomogeneous multidimensional cosmological models with a higher dimensional space-time manifold under dimensional reduction. Stability due to different types of effective potentials is analyzed for specific configurations of internal spaces. Necessary restrictions on the parameters of the models are found and masses of gravitational excitons (small inhomogeneous excitations of the scale factors of the internal spaces near minima of effective potentials) are calculated.
description: 42 pages, Latex. Extended version of a lecture given at the conference "Modern Modified Theories of Gravitation and Cosmology", Ben Gurion University, Beer Sheva, Israel, June 29-30 1997
Tephrocactus Lem.
Creators: name: Walter, Helmut E.
name: Guerrero, Pablo C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Cactaceae
Tephrocactus

description: Tephrocactus Lem.:
 — Kiesling (1984) and Rodríguez et al. (2018) placed Tephrocactus nigrispinus (K.Schum.) Backeb. within the genus Maihueniopsis. This assumption was not supported by molecular studies (Wallace & Dickie 2002, Griffith & Porter 2009, Ritz et al. 2012).
description: Published as part of Walter, Helmut E. & Guerrero, Pablo C., 2022, Towards a unified taxonomic catalogue for the Chilean cacti: assembling molecular systematics and classical taxonomy, pp. 79-98 in Phytotaxa 550 (2) on page 87, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.550.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6641038
Additional file 1 of The correlation of next-generation sequencing-based genotypic profiles with clinicopathologic characteristics in NPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia
Creators: name: Wang, Biao
name: Yang, Bin
name: Wu, Wei
name: Liu, Xuan
name: Li, Haiqian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. AML subtype-defining cytogenetic or molecular abnormalities accompanied by NPM1mut missense mutations.
Tagged-Particle Statistics in Single-File Motion with Random-Acceleration and Langevin Dynamics
Creators: name: Burkhardt, Theodore W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the simplest model of single-file diffusion, $N$ point particles wander on a segment of the $x$ axis of length $L$, with hard core interactions, which prevent passing, and with overdamped Brownian dynamics, $λ\dot{x}=η(t)$, where $η(t)$ has the form of Gaussian white noise with zero mean. In 1965 Harris showed that in the limit $N\to\infty$, $L\to\infty$ with constant $ρ=N/L$, the mean square displacement of a tagged particle grows subdiffusively, as $t^{1/2}$, for long times. Recently, it has been shown that the proportionality constants of the $t^{1/2}$ law for randomly-distributed initial positions of the particles and for equally-spaced initial positions are not the same, but have ratio $\sqrt{2}$. In this paper we consider point particles on the $x$ axis, which collide elastically, and which move according to (i) random-acceleration dynamics $\ddot{x}=η(t)$ and (ii) Langevin dynamics $\ddot{x}+λ\dot{x}=η(t)$. The mean square displacement and mean-square velocity of a tagged particle are analyzed for both types of dynamics and for random and equally-spaced initial positions and Gaussian-distributed initial velocities. We also study tagged particle statistics, for both types of dynamics, in the spreading of a compact cluster of particles, with all of the particles initially at the origin.
description: 25 pages, 3 figures
Dynamics with Infinitely Many Time Derivatives and Rolling Tachyons
Creators: name: Moeller, Nicolas
name: Zwiebach, Barton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both in string field theory and in p-adic string theory the equations of motion involve infinite number of time derivatives. We argue that the initial value problem is qualitatively different from that obtained in the limit of many time derivatives in that the space of initial conditions becomes strongly constrained. We calculate the energy-momentum tensor and study in detail time dependent solutions representing tachyons rolling on the p-adic string theory potentials. For even potentials we find surprising small oscillations at the tachyon vacuum. These are not conventional physical states but rather anharmonic oscillations with a nontrivial frequency--amplitude relation. When the potentials are not even, small oscillatory solutions around the bottom must grow in amplitude without a bound. Open string field theory resembles this latter case, the tachyon rolls to the bottom and ever growing oscillations ensue. We discuss the significance of these results for the issues of emerging closed strings and tachyon matter.
description: 46 pages, 14 figures, LaTeX. Replaced version: Minor typos corrected, some figures edited for clarity
The Use of Evidence in Young Adolescents' Argumentation
Creators: Moore, Wendy
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Educational psychology

description: This study examined the various ways in which students who participated in a two-year-long evidence-focused argument curriculum use evidence when engaging in argumentation. The experimental group was compared to groups who received either no such argument curriculum, or one year of an argument curriculum without focus on evidence. A total of 93 students participated in the study; at the end of the two-year period, all students were assessed on various dimensions of their evidence use during an assessment of their argumentation on topics not part of the intervention. One assessment was dialogic, the other an individual argumentive essay. In addition, intervention dialogs of the experimental group were studied at the beginning and end of the second year, to assess change. Both final assessments showed that experimental group students more frequently incorporated evidence - in particular, shared evidence- in their arguments, relative to the comparison groups. Also, students in the experimental group generated more factual questions that would help inform their arguments on the topic. Analysis of experimental students' evidence use during dialogs throughout their second, evidence-focused year of the curriculum showed an increase in meta-level dialog with their peers about the use of evidence. Across the intervention dialogs and both final assessments, however, the functions which evidence served in students' argumentation remained consistent: At most one third of statements invoking evidence sought to weaken a claim of the opponents. The more common function of evidence, occurring in about two thirds of uses, was to support one's own claims. Implications are discussed regarding our understanding of how evidence is used in argument and how sustained practice in argumentation, afforded by the curriculum studied here, affects this use.
The Use of Cartoons as Teaching a Tool in Middle School Mathematics
Creators: Cho, Hoyun
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Mathematics--Study and teaching
Mathematics--Study and teaching (Middle school)

description: This dissertation focuses on examining the use of mathematical cartoons as a teaching tool in middle school mathematics classroom. A mixed methods research design was used to answer how the use of cartoon activities affects teacher and student perceptions of teaching and learning and student intrinsic motivation, interest, and mathematics anxiety in middle school mathematics. 17 students in 7th grade pre-algebra class and one teacher participated in this study. Eight cartoon activities were provided over a 10-week period, but no more than one cartoon activity per class period was given to them. Student surveys were analyzed using quantitative method, such as mean score, frequency, and percentage, and student mathematics journal and teacher journal were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results of this study revealed that both students and teacher reported positive results from using cartoons in the mathematics classroom. Students became more open as time went on and it was possible to see their mathematical insights as the study progressed. They did not enjoy easy cartoon activities, but relished challenging ones.  Their frustration at difficult-to-understand activities shows the importance of carefully matching cartoon activities to student abilities. When cartoon activities have appropriate levels of difficulty and are clearly understandable, students' intrinsic motivation and interest increased, and mathematics anxiety decreased. The teacher reported that students gave up less easily, participated more readily, and were more focused in classes with cartoon activities. Mathematics instruction with cartoon activities has shown the students that they can enjoy learning mathematics, mathematics can be fun, and they do have the ability to be successful in mathematics. The use of cartoon activity proved to be a valuable instructional tool for improving the quality of mathematics instruction in a 7th grade classroom.
Probability density of determinants of random matrices
Creators: name: Cicuta, Giovanni M.
name: Mehta, Madan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this brief paper the probability density of a random real, complex and quaternion determinant is rederived using singular values. The behaviour of suitably rescaled random determinants is studied in the limit of infinite order of the matrices.
Multi-valuedness of the Luttinger-Ward functional in the Fermionic and Bosonic System with Replicas
Creators: name: Kim, Aaram J.
name: Sacksteder, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of the Luttinger-Ward functional (LWF) in a simplified Hubbard-type model without time or spatial dimensions, but with $N$ identical replicas located on a single site. The simplicity of this $(0+0)d$ model permits an exact solution for all $N$ and for both bosonic and fermionic statistics. We show that fermionic statistics are directly linked to the fact that multiple values of the noninteracting Green function $G_0$ map to the same value of the interacting Green function $G$, i.e. the mapping $G_0 \mapsto G$ is non-injective. This implies that with fermionic statistics the $(0+0)d$ model has a multiply-valued LWF. The number of LWF values in the fermionic model increases proportionally to the number of replicas $N$, while in the bosonic model the LWF has a single value regardless of $N$. We also discuss the formal connection between the $(0+0)d$ model and the $(0+1)d$ model which was used in previous studies of LWF multivaluedness.
NuSTAR Detection of X-rays Concurrent with Gamma Rays in the Nova V5855 Sgr
Creators: name: Nelson, Thomas
name: Mukai, Koji
name: Li, Kwan-Lok
name: Vurm, Indrek
name: Metzger, Brian D.
name: Chomiuk, Laura
name: Sokoloski, J. L.
name: Linford, Justin D.
name: Bohlsen, Terry
name: Luckas, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first detection of hard (>10 keV) X-ray emission simultaneous with gamma rays in a nova eruption. Observations of the nova V5855 Sgr carried out with the NuSTAR satellite on Day 12 of the eruption revealed faint, highly absorbed thermal X-rays. The extreme equivalent hydrogen column density towards the X-ray emitting region (~3 x 10$^{24}$ cm$^{-2}$) indicates that the shock producing the X-rays was deeply embedded within the nova ejecta. The slope of the X-ray spectrum favors a thermal origin for the bulk of the emission, and the constraints of the temperature in the shocked region suggest a shock velocity compatible with the ejecta velocities inferred from optical spectroscopy. While we do not claim the detection of non-thermal X-rays, the data do not allow us to rule out an additional, fainter component dominating at energy above 20 keV, for which we obtained upper limits. The inferred luminosity of the thermal X-rays is too low to be consistent with the gamma-ray luminosities if both are powered by the same shock under standard assumptions regarding the efficiency of non-thermal particle acceleration and the temperature distribution of the shocked gas.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal - 10 pages, 5 figures
Optical Gap Solitons in Nonresonant Quadratic Media
Creators: name: Iizuka, Takeshi
name: Kivshar, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate an important role of the process of optical rectification in the theory of nonlinear wave propagation in quadratically nonlinear [or $χ^{(2)}$ ] periodic optical media. We derive a novel physical model for gap solitons in $χ^{(2)}$ nonlinear Bragg gratings.
description: 3.5 pages, double-column, no figures; submitted to Physical Review E
Pathways to Interdisciplinary and Transdisciplinary Research: the SHAPE-ID Toolkit
Creators: name: Fletcher, Isabel
name: Lyall, Catherine
name: Wallace, Doireann
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: interdisciplinary, transdisciplinary, arts, humanities, social sciences, toolkit

description: This third SHAPE-ID policy brief introduces the SHAPE-ID Toolkit and presents recommendations to policymakers and funders on how this new web-based resource can be used to make informed decisions about inter- and transdisciplinary research, involving the Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences to maximise effective responses to societal challenges. This is a project deliverable for the SHAPE-ID project and is currently under review by the European Commission.
Separable Resolution-of-the-Identity with All-Electron Gaussian Bases: Application to Cubic-scaling RPA
Creators: name: Duchemin, Ivan
name: Blase, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a separable resolution-of-the-identity formalism built on quadratures over limited sets of real-space points designed for all-electron calculations. Our implementation preserves in particular the use of common atomic orbitals and their related auxiliary basis sets. The set up of the present density fitting scheme, i.e. the calculation of the system specific quadrature weights, scales cubically with respect to the system size. Extensive accuracy tests are presented for the Fock exchange and MP2 correlation energies. We finally demonstrate random phase approximation (RPA) correlation energy calculations with a scaling that is cubic in terms of operations, quadratic in memory, with a small crossover with respect to our standard RI-RPA implementation.
The Weyl representation on the torus
Creators: name: Rivas, A. M. F.
name: de Almeida, A. M. Ozorio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct reflection and translation operators on the Hilbert space corresponding to the torus by projecting them from the plane. These operators are shown to have the same group properties as their analogue on the plane. The decomposition of operators in the basis of reflections corresponds to the Weyl or center representation, conjugate to the chord representation which is based on quantized translations. Thus, the symbol of any operator on the torus is derived as the projection of the symbol on the plane. The group properties allow us to derive the product law for an arbitrary number of operators in a simple form. The analogy between the center and the chord representations on the torus to those on the plane is then exploited to treat Hamiltonian systems defined on the torus and to formulate a path integral representation of the evolution operator. We derive its semiclassical approximation.
description: 26 pages, latex, 4 figures Submitted to Annals of Physics
The Vatican and the Making of the Atlantic Order, 1920-1960
Creators: Chamedes, Giuliana
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: History
International relations
Religion

description: Historians have traditionally paid little attention to the influence of institutional religion in shaping the international state system in the twentieth century. This dissertation attempts to fill the gap. It draws on newly released archival material to show how through diplomatic activism, theological innovation, and the centralization of Catholic associational life, the Vatican helped unite the fates of Western Europe and North America as never before. Following its loss of the Papal States in 1870, the Vatican fought to regain influence on the European continent by pioneering a new form of treaty diplomacy and launching a transnational anticommunist campaign with broad appeal. These actions enabled the Vatican to seize a prominent place in European affairs, and integrate elements of its vision of state-society relations within the legal, economic and social framework of nearly a dozen European states. The Vatican's interwar gains led it to partner during World War II with the United States and Christian Democratic leaders, forging an alliance that would help sanction the continent's "democratic turn," contribute decisively to Europe's moral and material reconstruction, and lay the diplomatic and discursive foundations for the Cold War.
Interstate Rivalries in the Shanghai Cooperation Organization: Trust Building and Reinforcement as Impetus for Rivalry De-escalation
Creators: name: MacHaffie, James
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is a relatively new intergovernmental organization but has demonstrated its staying power over the past nineteen years, despite internal contradictions, such as competition among its members. Relations between these countries have always been fractious at best, especially since the fall of the Soviet Union, and the onset of independence among the Central Asian states.
This thesis examines the presence of interstate rivalries among the six founding members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization: China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan and the role, if any, the organization has played in de-escalating the rivalry impulses among them.
Through the case study method, and using process tracing, the research determined there are at least six dyadic rivalries that exist among these states. However, despite the presence of such triggers for conflict escalation as nondemocratic regimes, territorial disputes, and contested control of resources, none of these potential rivalries have escalated such joining the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. In fact, the rivalries seem to have de-escalated tensions in some ways.
This thesis argues that it is the SCO itself that helps to build and imbed trust among its members. This trust is reinforced over time through specific mechanisms such as summitry and joint military exercises. In this way rivalry impulses are tamped down among the SCO’s member states, and rivalry backsliding – the reemergence of the rivalry after it has de-escalated or terminated – is prevented.
The research is premised on the hypothesis that rivalries did form but have been restrained through the structural framework that the Shanghai Cooperation Organization amalgamates among its members: specifically, their interactions in formal settings, which are repeated consistently, over a prolonged number of years. This thesis adds new knowledge to the study of interstate rivalries and the SCO.
The Value of Humanity
Creators: Theunissen, L. Nandi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Value
subject: Human beings
subject: Ethics
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: My dissertation is on foundational questions about the value of human beings. This is a Kantian topic but I develop a proposal in a non-Kantian framework. I argue that to be a Kantian in ethics is to be committed to rationalism, but that the foundations of ethics should take account of the nature of human beings and our circumstances in the world. I develop a non-Kantian theory in which the value of human beings is no different, metaphysically speaking, from the value of other valuable things. Human beings have value, just as anything of value has value: because we are capable of being good-for something or someone. Most fundamentally, I argue that we are capable of being good-for ourselves. I propose that human beings have value in virtue of a capacity for having final ends, and that the capacity for having final ends makes us valuable because it makes us capable of living a good life, a life that is valuable because it is good-for the person who leads it. I show how the value of human beings gives everyone reason to treat human beings in certain ways. In particular, I show how everyone has reason not to destroy the capacity of human beings to have final ends, and, more positively, to help others realise their ends.
Comparing many-body localization lengths via non-perturbative construction of local integrals of motion
Creators: name: Peng, Pai
name: Li, Zeyang
name: Yan, Haoxiong
name: Wei, Ken Xuan
name: Cappellaro, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many-body localization (MBL), characterized by the absence of thermalization and the violation of conventional thermodynamics, has elicited much interest both as a fundamental physical phenomenon and for practical applications in quantum information. A phenomenological model, which describes the system using a complete set of local integrals of motion (LIOMs), provides a powerful tool to understand MBL, but can be usually only computed approximately. Here we explicitly compute a complete set of LIOMs with a non-perturbative approach, by maximizing the overlap between LIOMs and physical spin operators in real space. The set of LIOMs satisfies the desired exponential decay of weight of LIOMs in real-space. This LIOM construction enables a direct mapping from the real space Hamiltonian to the phenomenological model and thus enables studying the localized Hamiltonian and the system dynamics. We can thus study and compare the localization lengths extracted from the LIOM weights, their interactions, and dephasing dynamics, revealing interesting aspects of many-body localization. Our scheme is immune to accidental resonances and can be applied even at phase transition point, providing a novel tool to study the microscopic features of the phenomenological model of MBL.
description: 8+3 pages, 8+6 figures
Pour sauver les baleines, levez les yeux vers le ciel
Creators: name: Soubelet, Hélène
Publisher: name: Fondation pour la recherche sur la biodiversité
Year: 2022

description: Dans un article d’opinion paru dans le journal Pnas, le chercheur Maxime Sèbe et la chercheuse Sophie Gourguet (UMR Amure – Ifremer) proposent de s’inspirer des dispositifs anticollisions mis en place dans le cas du trafic aérien pour mieux préserver les baleines au niveau mondial.

Les populations de baleines sont menacées par de nombreux facteurs de pression comme le bruit anthropique, la pollution, la chasse dans certaines régions du monde, mais surtout les enchevêtrements accidentels dans les engins de pêche et les collisions avec les navires. On estime à plusieurs milliers par an le nombre d’individus morts par collision dans le monde (sur la seule côte ouest des États-Unis, les collisions tuent environ 80 baleines par an).

Alors que des mesures simples, comme des dispositifs de séparation du trafic maritime, sont connues depuis plusieurs années et pourraient réduire ces dommages, celles-ci ne sont pas encore systématisées. 

S’intéresser au ciel pour mieux comprendre ce qui se passe dans les océans, cela peut paraître étonnant, et pourtant. Dans les deux cas, les collisions se produisent dans un espace tridimensionnel. Les actions proactives sont donc cruciales pour prévenir les mortalités résultant de collisions. En effet, bien que oiseaux et baleines pourraient théoriquement éviter les avions ou les bateaux, des études ont montré que les animaux ne détectent pas nécessairement les véhicules venant en sens inverse. De même, les avions ou les bateaux ne détectent pas les animaux en raison de l’environnement tridimensionnel : l’angle de vue des pilotes est limité et la maniabilité des gros bateaux ou avions est faible. 

Malgré ces similitudes, les principales motivations pour éviter ces collisions sont différentes. Dans le cas des avions, les collisions peuvent être mortelles à la fois pour les oiseaux, l’équipage et les passagers de l’avion. La priorité est donc ici la sécurité des humains et a conduit l’industrie aéronautique à adopter des solutions standardisées et proactives au cours des dernières décennies.
Noise perturbations in the Brownian motion and quantum dynamics
Creators: name: Garbaczewski, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The third Newton law for mean velocity fields is utilised to generate anomalous (enhanced) or non-dispersive diffusion-type processes which, in particular, can be interpreted as a probabilistic counterpart of the Schrödinger picture quantum dynamics.
description: Phys. Lett. A, (1999), in press
The Visual Language of Vernacular Manuscript Illumination: John Gower's Confessio Amantis (Pierpont Morgan MS M.126)
Creators: Drimmer, Sonja
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Literature, Medieval
English literature--Middle English
English poetry--Middle English
Manuscripts, English (Middle)
Art
Literature
Middle Ages
History

description: The Confessio Amantis, a poem completed in 1393, opens with its author's pledge to: wryte of newe som matiere essampled of these olde wyse [write anew some matter modeled on these old wise books]. Expressing a commonplace among writers of vernacular literature in late medieval England, John Gower describes authorial activity as the process of translating and assimilating pre-existing narratives. This dissertation argues that such conceptualizations of authorship were embraced by illuminators of vernacular literature in their burgeoning notion of invention before the ascendance of print: as translation and compilation provided a model of creativity founded on the alteration of models, illuminators located an ideal congenial to both the restrictions and freedoms of their own profession. The centerpiece of the study is Pierpont Morgan MS M. 126, a manuscript of the Confessio Amantis produced c.1472 and made for Edward IV and his Queen Consort, Elizabeth Woodville. Although it has been acclaimed as one of the most impressive extant manuscripts of Middle English literature, it has never been the subject of a major study.  The aim of the dissertation is to recognize and restore to the illustrator the power of his position between the conception of a text and the consumption of a book. Part One focuses on the illustrator's interactions with the textual voices of the Confessio Amantis, demonstrating how the images in nineteen manuscripts of the poem, including the Morgan Confessio, address the identity of the author of the poem (Chapter One); and how miniatures in the Morgan Confessio reinterpret its Ovidian narratives (Chapter Two). Part Two shifts attention to the illustrator's confrontation with his patrons. Although their impact on the production of this manuscript appears to have been minimal, I observe how, as patrons they furnished a visual context for the Morgan Confessio from within their own library of illustrated historical manuscripts (Chapter Three) and books on science (Chapter Four). Produced just before Caxton printed his first book in Westminster in 1476 and standing at the threshold of standardization, this manuscript offers a complex glimpse into the variance that epitomized creative activity in illustrated vernacular manuscripts.
muSR and Magnetometry Study of the Type-I Superconductor BeAu
Creators: name: Beare, James
name: Nugent, Matthew
name: Wilson, Murray
name: Cai, Yipeng
name: Munsie, Timothy
name: Amon, Alfred
name: Leithe-Jasper, Andreas
name: Gong, Zizhou
name: Guo, Shengli
name: Guguchia, Zurab
name: Grin, Yuri
name: Uemura, Yasutomo
name: Svanidze, Eteri
name: Luke, Graeme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present muon spin rotation and relaxation (muSR) measurements as well as demagnetising field corrected magnetisation measurements on polycrystalline samples of the noncentrosymmetric superconductor BeAu. From muSR measurements in a transverse field, we determine that BeAu is a type-I superconductor with Hc = 256 Oe, amending the previous understanding of the compound as a type-II superconductor. To account for demagnetising effects in magnetisation measurements, we produce an ellipsoidal sample, for which a demagnetisation factor can be calculated. After correcting for demagnetising effects, our magnetisation results are in agreement with our muSR measurements. Using both types of measurements we construct a phase diagram from T = 30 mK to Tc = 3.25 K. We then study the effect of hydrostatic pressure and find that 450 MPa decreases Tc by 34 mK, comparable to the change seen in type-I elemental superconductors Sn, In and Ta, suggesting BeAu is far from a quantum critical point accessible by the application of pressure.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Trichocereinae Britton & Rose 1920
Creators: name: Walter, Helmut E.
name: Guerrero, Pablo C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Caryophyllales
Cactaceae

description: Subtribe Trichocereinae Britton & Rose (1920):
 —Most of the genera in Subtribe Trichocereine are also found in the traditional concept “Trichocereae” and the same applies to all the five Chilean genera [Haageocereus Backeb., Leucostele Backeb., Lobivia Britton & Rose, Oreocereus (A.Berger) Riccob., and Soehrensia Backeb.] in the Subtribe Trichocereinae. Based on DNA sequences and a broad sampling, Schlumperger & Renner (2012) showed that the large genus Echinopsis Zucc. is polyphyletic. Consequently, many former segregate genera were reinstalled, and the names of the Chilean taxa needed to be changed from Echinopsis s.l. into Leucostele Backeb., Lobivia Britton & Rose, and Soehrensia Backeb. (Schlumpberger 2012). Hunt (2012, 2016, see Table 2), accepted Schlumperger’s concept as “alternative”, while Rodríguez et al. (2018) still upheld the Echinopsis s.l. concept.
 Concerning the genus Leucostele, the old name Cactus coquimbanus Mol. has recently been rejected for being ambiguous (Eggli & Walter 2012) and Wilson (2016). Consequently, all combinations using this basionym must be abandoned. Among them is “ Leucostele coquimbana (Mol.) Schlumpb. ”.A new combination of Cereus nigripilis Phil., which represents the shrubby columnar plants occurring along the coast from the Coquimbo- to the Atacama Region was recently proposed [Leucostele nigripilis (Phil.) P.C. Guerrero & Helmut Walter (see Guerrero & Walter 2019 and Table 2)]. Several new taxa in the genus Leucostele were also recently proposed in different journals. As none of them had been included in the sampling of a molecular-based study, we decided not to accept them as long as they are supported by molecular phylogenies: L. faundezii (Albesiano) Schlumpb., L. pectinifera (Albesiano) Schlumpb., and L. undulosa (Albesiano) Schlumpb. (Korotkova et al. 2021).
description: Published as part of Walter, Helmut E. & Guerrero, Pablo C., 2022, Towards a unified taxonomic catalogue for the Chilean cacti: assembling molecular systematics and classical taxonomy, pp. 79-98 in Phytotaxa 550 (2) on page 95, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.550.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6641038
The Village of Richmond Hill: An Analysis of Punjabi Youth in New York City
Creators: Singh, Mandeep
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Sikh Americans
Cities and towns--Study and teaching
Americans

description: Due to political, social and economic push factors in Punjab and various pull factors to the United States, a significant number of Punjabi Sikhs have immigrated to build their homes throughout the nation--particularly in the last three decades or so. Specifically, a neighborhood in Queens, Richmond Hill, New York, has a high concentration of these immigrants and is a community that can be identified as a Punjabi Sikh enclave. As this demographic group continues to grow and foster a particular social environment, the children of Punjabi immigrants have forged a unique identity in which they balance the traditional values of their family’s heritage with the intricacies of urban America. Though Punjabi immigrants moved with the hope that the next generation will have more stability and opportunity than they did in the homeland, Punjabi American teenagers and adolescents inherit their own set of gender, education and class challenges. The plethora of obstacles they face originate because of different structural, communal and cultural reasons. These problems work together to be a heavy burden on the youth of a community that is still very much assimilating into the nation’s landscape. The detrimental and arduous circumstances that Punjabi youth are in essentially threatens their ability to climb the ladder of upward social mobility their parents dreamed of and perpetuates a cycle of disempowerment for a majority of young people growing up in Richmond Hill. Although there are Punjabi youth from the community who are beginning to access the resources and education they need in order to uplift themselves and their families, much more is needed in order to develop the ability of this lower-income, first-generation group to navigate through the hurdles they face in order to experience the prosperity that their parents dreamed of.
Chiral bag boundary conditions on the ball
Creators: name: Esposito, Giampiero
name: Kirsten, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Local boundary conditions for spinor fields are expressed in terms of a 1-parameter family of boundary operators, and find applications ranging from (supersymmetric) quantum cosmology to the bag model in quantum chromodynamics. The present paper proves that, for massless spinor fields on the Euclidean ball in dimensions d=2,4,6, the resulting zeta(0) value is independent of such a theta parameter, while the various heat-kernel coefficients exhibit a theta-dependence which is eventually expressed in a simple way through hyperbolic functions and their integer powers.
description: 30 pages, REVTeX
title: Die Anfänge der Geschlechtergeschichte . Interview mit Adelheid von Saldern, emeritierte Professorin für Neuere Geschichte am Historischen Seminar der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Creators: name: von Saldern, Adelheid
name: Schaser, Angelika
Publisher: name: ZZF - Centre for Contemporary History: Zeitgeschichte online
Year: 2020

description: Interview mit Adelheid von Saldern, emeritierte Professorin für Neuere Geschichte am Historischen Seminar der Leibniz Universität Hannover über Frauen- und Geschlechtergeschichte und den eigenen beruflichen Werdegang.
The Walled City of Ahmedabad: Proposing a New Framework for the Conservation and Maintenance of Pol Houses Through Analysis of the Roles of Different Stakeholders
Creators: Mistry, Nilika
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Historic preservation
Vernacular architecture
Historic buildings

description: The Walled city of Ahmedabad is the oldest portion of the Ahmedabad city in the state of Gujarat in India, established in 1411 A.D. on the eastern bank of Sabarmati river. The Walled City of Ahmedabad comprises of centuries-old vernacular houses constructed initially to withstand battles. The houses built in the city were organized in dense neighborhoods consisting of a set of dead-end streets entered through a single gateway. The gate into the neighborhood could be closed for security and each house could store its water and grains. These neighborhoods are called pols, and the houses in these neighborhoods are called pol houses. These houses are thriving today with day-to-day life and carry with them the history worth of six centuries. These houses are the reflection of the city and should be preserved and maintained so that the heritage of the city keeps living. Over the years, the condition of these pol houses has deteriorated, and many of these historic houses are dilapidated. The city is losing many of these houses because of changes in the economy, problems in regulations and policies, social problems and lack of awareness. This thesis aims to study the different factors and stakeholders responsible for the deteriorating conditions of the pol houses, and analyze the obstacles hindering the conservation and maintenance of these houses. The research process includes a site visit, examining a selected pilot project - Dhal ni pol, one of the 600 pols in the city, which has 80 pol houses under the local government body’s protection. The site visit comprises of interviews of stakeholders of the pol houses – owners, developers, restoration architects, and government entities, to understand the complexity of the dynamics between these stakeholders, and the challenges and dangers the pol houses are facing today. The thesis proposes policies that would contribute in addressing the factors affecting the conditions of the pol houses. It also proposes a co-management public-private framework and strategy for the better execution and monitoring of the policies.
Generalized Dix equation and analytic treatment of normal-moveout velocity for anisotropic media
Creators: name: Grechka, Vladimir
name: Tsvankin, Ilya
name: Cohen, Jack K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite the complexity of wave propagation in anisotropic media, reflection moveout on conventional common-midpoint (CMP) spreads is usually well described by the normal-moveout (NMO) velocity defined in the zero-spread limit. In their recent work, Grechka and Tsvankin showed that the azimuthal dependence of NMO velocity generally has an elliptical shape and is determined by the spatial derivatives of the slowness vector evaluated at the CMP location. This formalism is used here to develop exact solutions for normal-moveout velocity in anisotropic media of arbitrary symmetry. For the model of a single homogeneous layer above a dipping reflector, we obtain an explicit NMO expression valid for all pure modes and any orientation of the CMP line with respect to the reflector strike. The influence of anisotropy on normal-moveout velocity is absorbed by the slowness components of the zero-offset ray. If the medium above a dipping reflector is horizontally stratified, the effective NMO velocity is determined through a Dix-type average of the matrices responsible for the interval NMO ellipses in the individual layers. This generalized Dix equation provides an analytic basis for moveout inversion in vertically inhomogeneous, arbitrary anisotropic media.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures