cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A real time and time optimal trajectory generator for Cartesian machine tools
Creators: name: Zarif Mansour, Sepehr
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: This work focuses on control and trajectory optimization strategies for high speed contouring of machine tools. In the first part, control strategies are studied. Studied strategies are divided into three major categories. Axial error controllers, contour error controllers, and feed forward controllers. The control strategies are benchmarked on a biaxial XY table. The least contouring error was recorded for the control structure consisting of Cartesian Servo Control (CSC) with a Proportional Derivative Integral (PID) regulator + Torque Feed Forward (TFF). As for the trajectory optimization, a new real time algorithm to select time-optimal feedrates has been proposed. The algorithm is independent of the spline representation of the nominal path, and incorporates both velocity and acceleration constraints. The fact that the proposed algorithm is independent from the spline representation (since it simply adjusts sampling times for position increments), makes it more flexible than conventional algorithms in the literature that require particular spline representations of the reference trajectory. Also the proposed algorithm is computationally efficient because: 1) an analytical solution to the optimization is applied at every time step rather than a global numerical optimization procedure, and 2) other analytical solutions in the literature require a forward and a backward pass over the compete trajectory. The new algorithm only backtracks over a short window before decelerations. Finally, this study also introduces two new reference path generation techniques that use part tolerance values to reduce machining time.
An Artificial Life Simulation Library Based on Genetic Algorithm, 3-Character Genetic Code and Biological Hierarchy
Creators: name: Ling, Maurice HT
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Genetic algorithm (GA) is inspired by biological evolution of genetic organisms by optimizing the genotypic combinations encoded within each individual with the help of evolutionary operators, suggesting that GA may be a suitable model for studying real-life evolutionary processes. This paper describes the design of a Python library for artificial life simulation, Digital Organism Simulation Environment (DOSE), based on GA and biological hierarchy starting from genetic sequence to population. A 3-character instruction set that does not take any operand is introduced as genetic code for digital organism. This mimics the 3-nucleotide codon structure in naturally occurring DNA. In addition, the context of a 3-dimensional world composing of ecological cells is introduced to simulate a physical ecosystem. Using DOSE, an experiment to examine the changes in genetic sequences with respect to mutation rates is presented.
RESEARCH WORKS ON MUKHTAR AUEZOV'S CREATIVITY IN TURKEY
Creators: name: Mashakova, A.
Publisher: name: The Scientific Heritage
Year: 2021
Subjects: the Kazakh literature
Mukhtar Auezov
Turkey.

description: The article is devoted to the scientific researches on the creative writings of the classic of the Kazakh literature Mukhtar Auezov in Turkey based on the example of the monographic research of the scholar in philology from Turkey Ali Abbas Chinar "Research on Kazakh culture and literature". One of the chapters of the monograph is devoted to the creative writings of Mukhtar Auezov. Ali Abbas Chinar observes the entire life and creative path, especially noting the contribution of the writer, scientist, teacher and famous public figure Mukhtar Auezov to the culture and literature of Kazakhstan
Plasma graviton production in TeV-scale gravity
Creators: name: Melkumova, E. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the theory of interaction of classical plasma with Kaluza-Klein (KK) gravitons in the ADD model of TeV-scale gravity. Plasma is described within the kinetic approach as the system of charged particles and Maxwell field both confined on the brane. Interaction with multidimensional gravity living in the bulk with $n$ compact extra dimensions is introduced within the linearized theory. The KK gravitons emission rates are computed taking into account plasma collective effects through the two-point correlation functions of the fluctuations of the plasma energy-momentum tensor. Apart from known mechanisms (such as bremsstrahlung and gravi-Primakoff effect) we find essentially collective channels such as the coalescence of plasma waves into gravitons which may be manifest in turbulent plasmas. Our results indicate that commonly used rates of the KK gravitons production in stars and supernovae may be underestimated.
description: Talk at 16th International Symposium on Particles, Strings and Cosmology (PASCOS 2010), Valencia, Spain, July 19-23, 2010
The Recursive Collapse of RSA: A YBIM Perspective on Factoring Primes
Creators: name: Prakash, Prashant
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Yearning-Based Infinity Mathematics
Recursive Collapse Theorem
Polynomial-Time Factorization
RSA Encryption
Prime Factorization
Cryptographic Security
Recursive Algorithms
Post-RSA Cryptography
Quantum-Resilient Cryptography
Computational Complexity
Epistemic Flow
Yearning Fields
Mathematical Recursion
Security Vulnerabilities
Post-Quantum Cryptography

description: The Recursive Collapse of RSA: A YBIM Perspective on Factoring Primes introduces a groundbreaking application of Yearning-Based Infinity Mathematics (YBIM) to the field of cryptography. By applying recursive mathematical structures, the paper demonstrates a polynomial-time factorization algorithm that fundamentally challenges the foundational security of RSA encryption.

The study presents:

Recursive Collapse Theorem (𝒴-F2): A theoretical proof validating the reduction of prime factorization complexity.

YBIM-Inspired Algorithm: A novel algorithm leveraging recursive yearning fields to achieve efficient factorization of large semiprimes.

Experimental Results: Real-world performance data comparing the YBIM algorithm to traditional factorization methods such as Trial Division, Pollard’s Rho, and the Quadratic Sieve.

Cryptographic Implications: An analysis of the collapse of RSA security and the implications for modern encryption systems.

Philosophical and Ethical Reflections: Insights into the broader mathematical and ethical consequences of recursive discovery.

With a clear call for responsible application, the author recommends the immediate pursuit of post-RSA cryptographic standards and the exploration of recursive cryptographic systems resilient to polynomial-time attacks.

This paper marks a significant shift in computational theory and urges collaboration across mathematical, cryptographic, and security communities to ensure the integrity of global communication networks.

For collaboration inquiries, contact:

🔗 LinkedIn: [LinkedIn Profile]📩 Email: prashantprakash28@gmail.com
Bridging the Gap: Gaze Events as Interpretable Concepts to Explain Deep Neural Sequence Models
Creators: name: Krakowczyk, Daniel G.
name: Prasse, Paul
name: Reich, David R.
name: Lapuschkin, Sebastian
name: Scheffer, Tobias
name: Jäger, Lena A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent work in XAI for eye tracking data has evaluated the suitability of feature attribution methods to explain the output of deep neural sequence models for the task of oculomotric biometric identification. These methods provide saliency maps to highlight important input features of a specific eye gaze sequence. However, to date, its localization analysis has been lacking a quantitative approach across entire datasets. In this work, we employ established gaze event detection algorithms for fixations and saccades and quantitatively evaluate the impact of these events by determining their concept influence. Input features that belong to saccades are shown to be substantially more important than features that belong to fixations. By dissecting saccade events into sub-events, we are able to show that gaze samples that are close to the saccadic peak velocity are most influential. We further investigate the effect of event properties like saccadic amplitude or fixational dispersion on the resulting concept influence.
description: Preprint for ETRA '23: 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications
A spectrum-based shortcut method for topological systems
Creators: name: Xu, Jian
name: Mei, Feng
name: Zhu, Yan-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The need for fast and robust quantum state transfer is an essential element in scalable quantum information processing, leading to widespread interest in shortcuts to adiabaticity for speeding up adiabatic quantum protocols. However, shortcuts to adiabaticity for systems with more than a few levels is occasionally challenging to compute in theory and frequently difficult to implement in experiments. In this work, we develop a protocol for constructing shortcuts to adiabaticity through the multi-state Landau-Zener approach and a stricter adiabatic condition. Importantly, our protocol only requires a few pieces of information about the energy spectrum and just adjusts the evolutionary rate of the system. It means that our protocol has broad applicability to theoretical models and does not require increasing the difficulty of the experiment. As examples, we apply our protocol to state transfer in the two-level Landau-Zener model, the non-Hermitian Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model and the topological Thouless pump model and find that it can speed up the manipulation speed while remaining robust to Hamiltonian errors. Furthermore, based on the experimental friendliness of our findings, it can potentially be extended to many-body systems, dissipation cases, or Floquet processes. Overall, the proposed shortcut protocol offers a promising avenue for enhancing the efficiency and reliability of quantum state transfer protocols.
Unbiased estimation of gravitational-wave anisotropies from noisy data
Creators: name: Kouvatsos, Nikolaos
name: Jenkins, Alexander C.
name: Renzini, Arianna I.
name: Romano, Joseph D.
name: Sakellariadou, Mairi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most exciting targets of current and future gravitational-wave observations is the angular power spectrum of the astrophysical GW background. This cumulative signal encodes information about the large-scale structure of the Universe, as well as the formation and evolution of compact binaries throughout cosmic time. However, the finite rate of compact binary mergers gives rise to temporal shot noise, which introduces a significant bias in measurements of the angular power spectrum if not explicitly accounted for. Previous work showed that this bias can be removed by cross-correlating GW sky maps constructed from different observing times. However, this work considered an idealised measurement scenario, ignoring detector specifics and in particular noise contributions. Here we extend this temporal cross-correlation method to account for these difficulties, allowing us to implement the first unbiased anisotropic search pipeline for LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA data. In doing so, we show that the existing pipeline is biased even in the absence of shot noise, due to previously neglected sub-leading contributions to the noise covariance. We apply our pipeline to mock LIGO data, and find that our improved analysis will be crucial for stochastic searches from the current observing run (O4) onwards.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Endotaxial Si nanolines in Si(001):H
Creators: name: Bianco, F.
name: Owen, J. H. G.
name: Köster, S. A.
name: Mazur, D.
name: Bowler, D. R.
name: Renner, Ch.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of the structural and electronic properties of a self-assembled silicon nanoline embedded in the H-terminated silicon (001) surface, known as the Haiku stripe. The nanoline is a perfectly straight and defect free endotaxial structure of huge aspect ratio; it can grow micrometre long at a constant width of exactly four Si dimers (1.54nm). Another remarkable property is its capacity to be exposed to air without suffering any degradation. The nanoline grows independently of any step edges at tunable densities, from isolated nanolines to a dense array of nanolines. In addition to these unique structural characteristics, scanning tunnelling microscopy and density functional theory reveal a one-dimensional state confined along the Haiku core. This nanoline is a promising candidate for the long sought after electronic solid-state one-dimensional model system to explore the fascinating quantum properties emerging in such reduced dimensionality.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Dynamics of a Double-Impulsive Control Model of Integrated Pest Management Using Perturbation Methods and Floquet Theory
Creators: name: Basir, Fahad Al
name: Chowdhury, Jahangir
name: Torres, Delfim F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92D45, 34D20

description: We formulate an integrated pest management model to control natural pests of the crop through the periodic application of biopesticide and chemical pesticides. In a theoretical analysis of the system pest eradication, a periodic solution is found and established. All the system variables are proved to be bounded. Our main goal is then to ensure that pesticides are optimized, in terms of pesticide concentration and pesticide application frequency, and that the optimum combination of pesticides is found to provide the most benefit to the crop. By using Floquet theory and the small amplitude perturbation method, we prove that the pest eradication periodic solution is locally and globally stable. The acquired results establish a threshold time limit for the impulsive release of various controls as well as some valid theoretical conclusions for effective pest management. Furthermore, after a numerical comparison, we conclude that integrated pest management is more effective than single biological or chemical controls. Finally, we illustrate the analytical results through numerical simulations.
description: This is a preprint of a paper whose final and definite form is published Open Access in 'Axioms' at [https://doi.org/10.3390/axioms12040391]
The targum (1876:Oct.)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1876

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
Latency Target based Analysis of the DASH.js Player
Creators: name: O'Hanlon, Piers
name: Aslam, Adil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We analyse the low latency performance of the three Adaptive Bitrate (ABR) algorithms in the dash.js Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) player with respect to a range of latency targets and configuration options. We perform experiments on our DASH Testbed which allows for testing with a range of real world derived network profiles. Our experiments enable a better understanding of how latency targets affect quality of experience (QoE), and how well the different algorithms adhere to their targets. We find that with dash.js v4.5.0 the default Dynamic algorithm achieves the best overall QoE. We show that whilst the other algorithms can achieve higher video quality at lower latencies, they do so only at the expense of increased stalling. We analyse the poor performance of L2A-LL in our tests and develop modifications which demonstrate significant improvements. We also highlight how some low latency configuration settings can be detrimental to performance.
description: To be published in Proceedings of the 14th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference (MMSys '23), June 7-10, 2023, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Determination of the strong coupling constant from inclusive jet cross section in ppbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV with the D0 experiment
Creators: name: Sonnenschein, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strong coupling constant alpha_s and its dependence on the momentum scale is determined from the p_T dependence of the inclusive jet cross section in ppbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV measured with the D0 experiment. The jet transverse momentum range of 50 < p_T < 145 GeV contributes to the determination. Using perturbative QCD caclulations to order O(alpha_s^3) combined with resummed threshold corrections to order O(alpha_s^4) an alpha_s(M_Z)=0.1161^{+0.0041}_{-0.0048} is obtained. This is the most precise result from a hadron-hadron collider.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of The association between DNA methylation of 6p21.33 and AHRR in blood and coronary heart disease in Chinese population
Creators: name: Zhu, Liya
name: Zhu, Chao
name: Wang, Jinxin
name: Yang, Rongxi
name: Zhao, Xiaojing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Figure 1. Schematic diagrams and the sequences of 6p21.33 amplicon and AHRR amplicon. (A) The location of the investigated 398 bp amplicon in 6p21.33 and the 5 measurable CpG sites. The 6p21.33 amplicon covers the main hit CpG site cg06126421 (chr6:30,720,081, build 37/hg19). (B) The location of the investigated 386 bp amplicon in AHRR and the 14 measurable CpG sites. The AHRR amplicon is located at the third intron of AHRR, and covers the main hit CpG site cg05575921 (chr5:373,378, build 37/hg19). (C) The sequence of the 6p21.33 amplicon examined by the EpiTyper assay (chr6:30,719,778-30,720,175, build 37/hg19, defined by the UCSC Genome Browser). The EpiTyper assay determined the methylation levels of 5 CpGs in this amplicon, and yielded 4 distinguishable mass peaks. The CpG sites that could be measured are in bold, cg06126421 is in bold and underlined. (D) The sequence of the AHRR amplicon examined by the EpiTyper assay (chr5:373,077-373,462, build 37/hg19, defined by the UCSC Genome Browser). The EpiTyper assay determined the methylation levels of 14 CpGs in this amplicon, and yielded 10 distinguishable mass peaks. The CpG sites that could be measured are in bold, cg05575921 is in bold and underlined.
The Systematic Review-lution: A Manifesto to Promote Rigour and Inclusivity in Research Synthesis
Creators: name: Rogers, Katja
name: Seaborn, Katie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The field of human-computer interaction (HCI) is maturing. Systematic reviews, a staple of many disciplines, play an important and often essential role in how each field contributes to human knowledge. On this prospect, we argue that our meta-level approach to research within HCI needs a revolution. First, we echo previous calls for greater rigour in primary research reporting with a view towards supporting knowledge synthesis in secondary research. Second, we must decide as a community how to carry out systematic review work in light of the many ways that knowledge is produced within HCI (rigour in secondary research methods and epistemological inclusivity). In short, our manifesto is this: we need to develop and make space for an inclusive but rigorous set of standards that supports systematic review work in HCI, through careful consideration of both primary and secondary research methods, expectations, and infrastructure. We call for any and all fellow systematic review-lutionaries to join us.
description: 11 pages
"I'm" Lost in Translation: Pronoun Missteps in Crowdsourced Data Sets
Creators: name: Seaborn, Katie
name: Kim, Yeongdae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As virtual assistants continue to be taken up globally, there is an ever-greater need for these speech-based systems to communicate naturally in a variety of languages. Crowdsourcing initiatives have focused on multilingual translation of big, open data sets for use in natural language processing (NLP). Yet, language translation is often not one-to-one, and biases can trickle in. In this late-breaking work, we focus on the case of pronouns translated between English and Japanese in the crowdsourced Tatoeba database. We found that masculine pronoun biases were present overall, even though plurality in language was accounted for in other ways. Importantly, we detected biases in the translation process that reflect nuanced reactions to the presence of feminine, neutral, and/or non-binary pronouns. We raise the issue of translation bias for pronouns and offer a practical solution to embed plurality in NLP data sets.
description: 6 pages
Mindfulness, gratitude and perceived stress among counsellor trainees
Creators: name: Kam, Jessica C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: This study uses data from a larger mindfulness study to investigate the impact of a mindfulness and gratitude intervention on mindfulness, gratitude and perceived stress among graduate counselling psychology students in clinic. Twelve participants took part in a weekly meditation and gratitude journaling intervention, and three participants were in a control group. Participants also completed a questionnaire package four times: pre-intervention, one week after mindfulness training (during the first week of the intervention), at six weeks of intervention, and at twelve weeks. The questionnaires completed were the Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills (KIMS; Baer, Smith, & Allen, 2004), Gratitude Questionnaire-Six Item Form (GQ-6; McCullough, Emmons, & Tsang, 2002) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS; Cohen, Kamarck, & Mermelstein, 1983). No significant differences for the main of effect of intervention or the interaction between time and intervention were found between the control and intervention groups on the dependent variables. The main effect of time was found to be significant for the Observing subscale of the KIMS. Significant negative correlations were found between perceived stress and gratitude at 6 and 12 weeks. There were also significant negative correlations between perceived stress and the Observing and Describing subscales of the KIMS at pre-intervention, 1 week and 12 weeks. At 1 and 12 weeks, there was a significant negative correlation between perceived stress and the Acting with Awareness subscale of the KIMS. Finally, there was a significant correlation between perceived stress and Accepting without Judgement subscale of the KIMS at 6 weeks. Findings are discussed in context of the literature, as well as implications and future research.
Interacting with Masculinities: A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Seaborn, Katie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Gender is a hot topic in the field of human-computer interaction (HCI). Work has run the gamut, from assessing how we embed gender in our computational creations to correcting systemic sexism, online and off. While gender is often framed around women and femininities, we must recognize the genderful nature of humanity, acknowledge the evasiveness of men and masculinities, and avoid burdening women and genderful folk as the central actors and targets of change. Indeed, critical voices have called for a shift in focus to masculinities, not only in terms of privilege, power, and patriarchal harms, but also participation, plurality, and transformation. To this end, I present a 30-year history of masculinities in HCI work through a scoping review of 126 papers published to the ACM Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI) conference proceedings. I offer a primer and agenda grounded in the CHI and extant literatures to direct future work.
description: 12 pages
Pressure-tuned quantum criticality in the locally non-centrosymmetric superconductor CeRh$_2$As$_2$
Creators: name: Pfeiffer, Meike
name: Semeniuk, Konstantin
name: Landaeta, Javier F.
name: Borth, Robert
name: Geibel, Christoph
name: Nicklas, Michael
name: Brando, Manuel
name: Khim, Seunghyun
name: Hassinger, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unconventional superconductor CeRh$_2$As$_2$ (critical temperature $T_{\mathrm{c}}\approx0.4\,\mathrm{K}$) displays an exceptionally rare magnetic-field-induced transition between two distinct superconducting (SC) phases, proposed to be states of even and odd parity of the SC order parameter, which are enabled by a locally noncentrosymmetric structure. The superconductivity is preceded by a phase transition of unknown origin at $T_{0}\approx0.5\,\mathrm{K}$. Electronic low-temperature properties of CeRh$_2$As$_2$ show pronounced non-Fermi-liquid behavior, indicative of a proximity to a quantum critical point (QCP). The role of quantum fluctuations and normal state orders for the superconductivity in a system with staggered Rashba interaction is currently an open question, pertinent to explaining the occurrence of two-phase superconductivity. In this work, using measurements of resistivity and specific heat under hydrostatic pressure, we show that the $T_{0}$ order vanishes completely at a modest pressure of $P_{0}=0.5\,\mathrm{GPa}$, revealing a QCP. In line with the quantum criticality picture, the linear temperature dependence of the resistivity at $P_{0}$ evolves into a Fermi-liquid quadratic dependence as quantum critical fluctuations are suppressed by increasing pressure. Furthermore, the domelike behavior of $T_{\mathrm{c}}$ around $P_{0}$ implies that the fluctuations of the $T_{0}$ order are involved in the SC pairing mechanism.
description: Includes supplemental material
An exact lower energy bound for the infinite square well potential
Creators: name: Ogren, M.
name: Carlsson, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a lower bound for the energy of a quantum particle in the infinite square well. We show that the bound is exact and identify the well-known element that fulfils the equality. Our approach is not directly dependent on the Schroedinger equation and illustrates an example where the wavefunction is obtained directly by energy minimization. The derivation presented can serve as an example of a variational method in an undergraduate level university course in quantum mechanics.
description: Final published version
Modeling the hard TeV spectra of blazars 1ES 0229+200 and 3C 66A with an internal absorption scenario
Creators: name: Zacharopoulou, Olga
name: Khangulyan, Dmitry
name: Aharonian, Felix A.
name: Costamante, Luigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the applicability of the idea of internal absorption of gamma-rays produced through synchrotron radiation of ultrarelativistic protons in highly magnetized blobs to 1ES 0229+200 and 3C 66A, the two TeV blazars which show unusually hard intrinsic gamma-ray spectra after being corrected for the intergalactic absorption. We show that for certain combinations of reasonable model parameters, even with quite modest energy requirements, the scenario allows a self-consistent explanation of the non-thermal emission of these objects in the keV, GeV, and TeV energy bands.
description: 34 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ
Exposing the odd-parity superconductivity in CeRh$_2$As$_2$ with hydrostatic pressure
Creators: name: Semeniuk, Konstantin
name: Pfeiffer, Meike
name: Landaeta, Javier F.
name: Nicklas, Michael
name: Geibel, Christoph
name: Brando, Manuel
name: Khim, Seunghyun
name: Hassinger, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Odd-parity superconductivity is a fundamentally interesting but rare state of matter with a potential for applications in topological quantum computing. Crystals with staggered locally noncentrosymmetric structures have been proposed as platforms where a magnetic field can induce a transition between even- and odd-parity superconducting (SC) states. The strongly correlated superconductor CeRh$_2$As$_2$ with the critical temperature $T_{\mathrm{c}}\approx0.4\,\mathrm{K}$ is likely the first example material showing such a phase transition, which occurs at the magnetic field $μ_{0}H^{*}=4\,\mathrm{T}$ applied along the crystallographic $c$ axis. CeRh$_2$As$_2$ also undergoes a phase transition of an unknown origin at $T_{0}=0.5\,\mathrm{K}$. By subjecting CeRh$_2$As$_2$ to hydrostatic pressure and mapping the resultant changes to the SC phase diagrams we investigated how the lattice compression and changes to the electronic correlations affect the stability and relative balance of the two SC states. The abnormally high in-plane upper critical field becomes even higher close to a quantum critical point of the $T_{0}$ order. Remarkably, the SC phase-switching field $H^{*}$ is drastically reduced under pressure, dropping to $0.3\,\mathrm{T}$ at $2.7\,\mathrm{GPa}$. This result signals an apparent strengthening of the local noncentrosymmetricity and forecasts a possible stabilization of the putative odd-parity state down to zero field, hitherto not considered by theoretical models.
description: Includes supplemental material
Electromagnetic Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations in scale relativity
Creators: name: Célérier, Marie-Noëlle
name: Nottale, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new step in the foundation of quantum field theory with the tools of scale relativity. Previously, quantum motion equations (Schrödinger, Klein-Gordon, Dirac, Pauli) have been derived as geodesic equations written with a quantum-covariant derivative operator. Then, the nature of gauge transformations, of gauge fields and of conserved charges have been given a geometric meaning in terms of a scale-covariant derivative tool. Finally, the electromagnetic Klein-Gordon equation has been recovered with a covariant derivative constructed by combining the quantum-covariant velocity operator and the scale-covariant derivative. We show here that if one tries to derive the electromagnetic Dirac equation from the Klein-Gordon one as for the free particle motion, i.e. as a square root of the time part of the Klein-Gordon operator, one obtains an additional term which is the relativistic analog of the spin-magnetic field coupling term of the Pauli equation. However, if one first applies the quantum covariance, then implements the scale covariance through the scale-covariant derivative, one obtains the electromagnetic Dirac equation in its usual form. This method can also be applied successfully to the derivation of the electromagnetic Klein-Gordon equation. This suggests it rests on more profound roots of the theory, since it encompasses naturally the spin-charge coupling.
description: 14 pages, no figures
Examining leptogenesis with lepton flavor violation and the dark matter abundance
Creators: name: Blanchet, Steve
name: Marfatia, Danny
name: Mustafayev, Azar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within a supersymmetric (SUSY) type-I seesaw framework with flavor-blind universal boundary conditions, we study the consequences of requiring that the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe be explained by either thermal or non-thermal leptogenesis. In the former case, we find that the parameter space is very constrained. In the bulk and stop-coannihilation regions of mSUGRA parameter space (that are consistent with the measured dark matter abundance), lepton flavor-violating (LFV) processes are accessible at MEG and future experiments. However, the very high reheat temperature of the Universe needed after inflation (of about 10^{12} GeV) leads to a severe gravitino problem, which disfavors either thermal leptogenesis or neutralino dark matter. Non-thermal leptogenesis in the preheating phase from SUSY flat directions relaxes the gravitino problem by lowering the required reheat temperature. The baryon asymmetry can then be explained while preserving neutralino dark matter, and for the bulk or stop-coannihilation regions LFV processes should be observed in current or future experiments.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Imaging the spinning gas and dust in the disc around the supergiant A[e] star HD62623
Creators: name: Millour, Florentin
name: Meilland, Anthony
name: Chesneau, Olivier
name: Stee, Philippe
name: Kanaan, Samer
name: Petrov, Romain
name: Mourard, Denis
name: Kraus, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. To progress in the understanding of evolution of massive stars one needs to constrain the mass-loss and determine the phenomenon responsible for the ejection of matter an its reorganization in the circumstellar environment Aims. In order to test various mass-ejection processes, we probed the geometry and kinematics of the dust and gas surrounding the A[e] supergiant HD 62623. Methods. We used the combined high spectral and spatial resolution covered by the VLTI/AMBER instrument. Thanks to a new multiwavelength optical/IR interferometry imaging technique, we reconstructed the first velocity-resolved images with a milliarcsecond resolution in the infrared domain. Results. We managed to disentangle the dust and gas emission in the HD 62623 circumstellar disc.We measured the dusty disc inner inner rim, i.e. 6 mas, constrained the inclination angle and the position angle of the major-axis of the disc.We also measured the inner gaseous disc extension (2 mas) and probed its velocity field thanks to AMBER high spectral resolution. We find that the expansion velocity is negligible, and that Keplerian rotation is a favoured velocity field. Such a velocity field is unexpected if fast rotation of the central star alone is the main mechanism of matter ejection. Conclusions. As the star itself seems to rotate below its breakup-up velocity, rotation cannot explain the formation of the dense equatorial disc. Moreover, as the expansion velocity is negligible, radiatively driven wind is also not a suitable explanation to explain the disc formation. Consequently, the most probable hypothesis is that the accumulation of matter in the equatorial plane is due to the presence of the spectroscopic low mass companion.
description: To be published soon in A\&A
Ultracold Dipolar Gases in Optical Lattices
Creators: name: Trefzger, C.
name: Menotti, C.
name: Capogrosso-Sansone, B.
name: Lewenstein, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This tutorial is a theoretical work, in which we study the physics of ultra-cold dipolar bosonic gases in optical lattices. Such gases consist of bosonic atoms or molecules that interact via dipolar forces, and that are cooled below the quantum degeneracy temperature, typically in the nK range. When such a degenerate quantum gas is loaded into an optical lattice produced by standing waves of laser light, new kinds of physical phenomena occur. These systems realize then extended Hubbard-type models, and can be brought to a strongly correlated regime. The physical properties of such gases, dominated by the long-range, anisotropic dipole-dipole interactions, are discussed using the mean-field approximations, and exact Quantum Monte Carlo techniques (the Worm algorithm).
description: 56 pages, 26 figures
Printing via Laser-Induced Forward Transfer and the Future of Digital Manufacturing
Creators: name: Florian, Camilo
name: Serra, Pere
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the last decades, digital manufacturing has constituted the headline of what is starting to be known as the 'fourth industrial revolution', where the fabrication processes comprise a hybrid of technologies that blur the lines between fundamental sciences, engineering, and even medicine as never seen before. One of the reasons why this mixture is inevitable has to do with the fact that we live in an era that incorporates technology in every single aspect of our daily lives. In the industry, this has translated into fabrication versatility, as follows: design changes on a final product are just one click away, fabrication chains have evolved towards continuous roll-to roll processes, and, most importantly, the overall costs and fabrication speeds are matching and overcoming most of the traditional fabrication methods. Laser-induced forward transfer (LIFT) stands out as a versatile set of fabrication techniques, being the closest approach to an all-in-one additive manufacturing method compatible with virtually any material. In this technique, laser radiation is used to propel the material of interest and deposit it at user-defined locations with high spatial resolution. By selecting the proper laser parameters and considering the interaction of the laser light with the material, it is possible to transfer this technique from robust inorganic materials to fragile biological samples. In this work, we first present a brief introduction on the current developments of the LIFT technique by surveying recent scientific review publications. Then, we provide a general research overview by making an account of the publication and citation numbers of scientific papers on the LIFT technique considering the last three decades. At the same time, we highlight the geographical distribution and main research institutions that contribute to this scientific output.
A rubric for algorithm selection in optimization of black-box functions
Creators: name: Sremac, Stefan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: When optimizing black-box functions, little information is available to assist the user in selecting an optimization approach. It is assumed that prior to optimization, the input dimension d of the objective function, the average running time tf of the objective function and the total time T allotted to solve the problem, are known. The intent of this research is to explore the relationship between the variables d, tf, and T and the performance of five optimization algorithms: Genetic Algorithm, Nelder-Mead, NOMAD, Efficient Global Optimization, and Knowledge Gradient for Continuous Parameters. The performance of the algorithms is measured over a set of functions with varying dimensions, function call budgets, and starting points. Then a rubric is developed to assist the optimizer in selecting the most appropriate algorithm for a given optimization scenario. Based on the information available prior to optimization, the rubric estimates the number of function calls available to each algorithm and the amount of improvement each algorithm can make on the objective function under the function call constraint. The rubric reveals that Bayesian Global Optimization algorithms require substantially more time than the competing algorithms and are therefore limited to fewer function call budgets. However, if the objective function requires a large running time, this difference becomes negligible. With respect to improvement, the rubric suggests that Derivative Free Optimization algorithms are preferred at lower dimensions and higher budgets, while Bayesian Global Optimization algorithms are expected to perform better at higher dimensions and lower budgets. A test of the claims of the rubric reveals that the estimate of function call budget is accurate and reliable, but the improvement is not estimated accurately. The test data demonstrates large variability for the measure of improvement. It appears that the variables d, tf, and T are insufficient for describing the expected performance of the assessed algorithms, since variables such as function type and starting point are unaccounted for.
Bilgide Kaybolmak ya da Aşırı Bilgi Sorunu
Creators: name: Tuncer, Nilüfer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Information
Information Production
Information overload
Medical information
Information overload in medicine

description: This conference paper was presented by the ÜNAK/URLA Association on 23-25 September 2004 at Maltepe University in Istanbul, Managing Information in order not to get lost in Information and III. Presented at the Medical Information Management and Technologies Symposium.
Quantum Andreev effect in 2D HgTe/CdTe quantum well-superconductor systems
Creators: name: Sun, Qing-feng
name: Li, Yu-Xian
name: Long, Wen
name: Wang, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Andreev reflection (AR) in 2D HgTe/CdTe quantum well-superconductor hybrid systems is studied. A quantized AR with AR coefficient equal to one is predicted, which is due to the multi-Andreev reflection near the interface of the hybrid system. Importantly, this quantized AR is not only universal, i.e., independent of any system parameters and quality of the coupling of the hybrid system, it is also robust against disorder as well. As a result of this quantum Andreev effect, the conductance exhibits a quantized plateau when the external bias is less the superconductor gap.
description: submit to Phys. Rev. Lett. on Jul. 16, 2010
Ab initio study of the thermodynamic properties of rare-earthmagnesium intermetallics MgRE (RE=Y, Dy, Pr, Tb)
Creators: name: Wang, Rui
name: Wang, Shaofeng
name: Wu, Xiaozhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed an ab initio study of the thermodynamical properties of rare-earth-magnesium intermetallic compounds MgRE (RE=Y, Dy, Pr, Tb) with CsCl-type B2-type structures. The calculations have been carried out the density functional theory and density functional perturbation theory in combination with the quasiharmonic approximation. The phonon-dispersion curves and phonon total and partial density of states have been investigated. Our results show that the contribution of RE atoms is dominant in phonon frequency, and this character agrees with the previous discussion by using atomistic simulations. The temperature dependence of various quantities such as the thermal expansions, bulk modulus, and the heat capacity are obtained. The electronic contributions to the specific heat are discussed, and found to be important for the calculated MgRE intermetallics.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Overlapping abundance gradients and azimuthal gradients related to the spiral structure of the Galaxy
Creators: name: Lepine, J. R. D.
name: Cruz, P.
name: Scarano, S.
name: Barros, D. A.
name: Dias, W. S.
name: Pompeia, L.
name: Andrievsky, S. M.
name: Carraro, G.
name: Famaey, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The connection between some features of the metallicity gradient in the Galactic disk, best revealed by Open Clusters and Cepheids, and the spiral structure, is explored. The step-like abrupt decrease in metallicity at 8.5 kpc (with R_0= 7.5 kpc, or at 9.5 kpc if R_0 = 8.5 kpc is adopted) is well explained by the corotation ring-shaped gap in the density of gas, which isolates the internal and external regions of the disk one from the other. This solves a long standing problem of understanding the different chemical characteristics of the inner and outer parts of the disk. The time required to build up the metallicity difference between the two sides of the step is a measure of the minimal life-time of the present grand-design spiral pattern structure, of the order of 3 Gyr. The plateaux observed on each side of the step are interpreted in terms of the large scale radial motion of the stars and of the gas flow induced by the spiral structure. The star-formation rate revealed by the density of open clusters is maximum in the Galactic radial range from 6 to 12 kpc (with an exception of a narrow gap at corotation), coinciding with the region where the 4-arms mode is allowed to exist. We argue that most of the old open clusters situated at large galactocentric radii were born in this inner region where conditions more favorable to star-formation are found. The ratio of $α$-elements to Fe of the sample of Cepheids does not vary appreciably with the Galactic radius, which reveals an homogeneous history of star formation. Different arguments are given showing that usual approximations of chemical evolution models, which assume fast mixing of metallicity in the azimuthal direction and ignore the existence of the spiral arms, are a poor ones.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, paper accepted by MNRAS main journal