Chloeia paulayi Yáñez-Rivera & Salazar-Vallejo 2022, sp. n.
Creators: name: Yáñez-Rivera, Beatriz
name: Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Amphinomida
Amphinomidae
Chloeia
Chloeia paulayi

description: Chloeia paulayi sp. n.
LSID urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6CDE0BD6-65E7-45CB-B5F6-DBC39D61A99E
Figs 8, 9
Type material. Gulf of Mexico. Holotype (UF 493) and paratype (UF 493 b), 40 km SW off Pensacola, Florida, U. S.A. (29°57'00.0000" N, 86°58'59.8800"W), sandy bottom, 153 m, 10 Oct. 1992, no collector data.
Diagnosis. Chloeia with ventral cirri of chaetiger 2 3–4× longer than those of subsequent chaetigers. Caruncle sigmoid, reaching chaetiger 5; bipinnate branchiae from chaetiger 4; dorsum without pigmentation pattern; chaetal bundles golden to transparent.
Description. Holotype (UF 493) with body fusiform (Fig. 8A), complete, 28 mm long, 7 mm wide, 29 chaetigers. Live pigmentation unknown. Preserved specimen pale, chaetal bases broken, golden; anterior prostomial margin with a blackish spot (Fig. 8B), some dorsal cirri with violet pigmentation basally; venter with a narrow pale longitudinal band (Fig. 8D)
Prostomium anteriorly cleft with a middorsal blackish spot; eyes almost colorless, anterior eyes 2× larger than posterior ones. Median antenna inserted in anterior caruncular margin, one-third as long as caruncle, of similar length to lateral antennae. Lateral antennae close to each other basally, one-third longer than palps. Mouth between chaetigers 2–3 (Fig. 8D).
Caruncle pale, sigmoid, trilobed, tapered, reaching chaetiger 5–6 when pulled backwards. Median lobe plicate, with almost 40 vertical folds, almost completely concealing lateral lobes. Lateral lobes narrow, with about 40 vertical folds. Bipinnate branchiae from chaetiger 4, progressively smaller posteriorly.
Parapodia biramous, notopodia with cirriform branchiae along chaetigers 1–3, half as long as dorsal cirri. Dorsal cirri slightly longer than bipinnate branchiae along median chaetigers, 2–3× longer in posterior chaetigers. Second ventral cirri with cirrophores 3× longer and 4× wider, and cirrostyle 3× longer than adjacent ones, directed dorsally (Fig. 8C). Other ventral cirri directed ventrolaterally, as long as two subsequent segments.
Chaetae brittle, most broken. Complete chaetae with distal fragile hoods, rarely eroded. Notochaetae in anterior chaetigers furcate, longest tines 5.5–6.5× longer than shortest ones (Fig. 9A). Median chaetigers with at least two types of notochaetae: furcates with reduced shorter tines, longest tines 5.5× longer than shortest ones; thinner aciculars with a subdistal constriction (Fig. 9B). Neurochaetae all furcates, longest tines 5–10× longer than shorter ones (Fig. 9C).
Anus terminal; anal cirri lost.
Paratype (UF 493 b) with body fusiform, bent ventrally, complete, 60 mm long, 11 mm wide, 33 chaetigers; prostomium without black spot, eyes blackish, anterior eyes 4× larger than posterior ones; dorsal cirri basally violet, chaetae golden, left hypertrophied ventral cirri of chaetiger 2 brownish (Fig. 8E).
Caruncle pale, sigmoid, trilobed, tapered, reaching chatiger 5–6 when pulled backwards. Median lobe with a thin longitudinal brownish band, with about 45 vertical folds, almost completely concealing lateral lobes. Lateral lobes narrow, with about 40 vertical folds. Bipinnate branchiae from chaetiger 4 (Fig. 8F), progressively smaller posteriorly.
Dorsal cirri with violet pigmentation basally and distally, medially pale. Size relationships to branchiae as in holotype. Second ventral cirri 4× longer than adjacent ones, directed dorsally. Other parapodial cirri with size proportions as in holotype.
Chaetae mostly broken. Some remaining in posterior chaetigers slightly longer than half body width. Anus terminal; anal cirri lost.
Etymology. The specific epithet is derived after Dr. Gustav Paulay in recognition of his long-standing efforts in forming a World-wide collection of marine invertebrates, and to thank his support for our research activities. The derived name is a noun in the genitive case (ICZN 1999, Art. 31.1.2).
Remarks. Chloeia paulayi sp. n. resembles C. entypa Chamberlin, 1919 due to their pale dorsum and caruncle. They differ in the shape of the caruncle, the relative size of the ventral cirri of chaetiger 2, and the presence of acicular notochaetae. In C. paulayi, the caruncle is tapered, the second ventral cirri is 3× longer than adjacent ones, and notochaetae include aciculars, whereas in C. entypa, the caruncle is truncate, the second ventral cirri is about 2× longer than adjacent ones, and there are no acicular notochaete.
Distribution. Only known from a single locality in the Gulf of Mexico, in sandy sediments at 153 m water depth.
description: Published as part of Yáñez-Rivera, Beatriz & Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., 2022, Revision of Chloeia Savigny in Lamarck, 1818 from tropical American seas (Annelida, Amphinomidae), pp. 503-537 in Zootaxa 5128 (4) on pages 519-521, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5128.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/6479987