cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Estimated trends and patterns of road traffic fatalities in China, 2002–2012
Creators: name: Wang, Chong-Wen
name: Chan, Cecilia L. W.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Objective: This study examined the time trends and age distribution patterns of estimated road traffic fatalities (RTFs) in China over the period 2002–2012. Methods: Data on age-, sex-, and region-specific RTF rates were provided by the Chinese Ministry of Health. The crude rates were standardized and the Mann-Kendall test was used to test the significance of time trends. Annual number of RTFs was calculated. To minimize the effect of yearly variations, magnitude of changes in and age distribution patterns of the RTFs were examined using mean values of 2 years. Results: RTFs increased significantly in China during the study period. Several features were identified for the RTFs in China. First, RTF rates skyrocketed in rural areas including towns and counties. Second, a significant increase in RTFs was also observed in cities even though the change in RTF rates was not statistically significant there. Third, individuals aged 20–24, 40–49, and 55–64, especially in rural areas, were particularly at risk for RTFs in recent years. Finally, RTFs became more common among middle-aged and older adults than young Chinese, with roughly 57% of all RTFs occurring among individuals aged 45 and above during 2011–2012. Conclusions: RTFs increased dramatically in China during the past decade, especially in rural areas. Age distribution patterns of RTFs have changed there. Community-based public health education and intervention programs are warranted.
An experimental and computational study of aerodynamic properties of rugby balls
Creators: name: Alam, Firoz
name: Subic, Aleksandar
name: Watkins, Simon
name: Naser, Jamal
name: Rasul, Mohammad
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The aerodynamic properties of rugby balls as a function of wind speeds and yaw angles were measured using experimental and computational methods. The average drag and side forces coefficients for all speeds and yaw angles were computed and compared. The flow pattern around the rugby ball was visualized using wool tuft and smoke. No significant variation in Reynolds numbers was found in CFD results, however, some variations were noted in experimental findings. The average drag coefficient of a rugby ball at zero yaw was 0.18 and 0.14 in experimental and computational studies and this rose to about 0.60 and 0.50 when yawed at 90 degrees respectively.
Estimated trends and patterns of road traffic fatalities in China, 2002–2012
Creators: name: Wang, Chong-Wen
name: Chan, Cecilia L.W.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Science Policy
Developmental Biology
Biological Sciences
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Biotechnology

description: Objective: This study examined the time trends and age-distribution patterns of estimated road traffic fatalities (RTFs) in China over the period 2002–2012. Methods: Data on age-, sex-, and region-specific RTF rates were provided by the Chinese Ministry of Health. The crude rates were standardized and the Mann-Kendall test was used to test the significance of time trends. Annual number of RTFs was calculated. To minimize the effect of yearly variations, magnitude of changes in and age-distribution patterns of the RTFs were examined using mean values of two years. Results: RTFs increased significantly in China during the study period. Several features were identified for the RTFs in China. First, RTF rates skyrocketed in rural areas including towns and counties. Second, a significant increase of RTFs was also observed in cities even though the change of the RTF rates was not statistically significant there. Third, individuals aged 20–24, 40–49, and 55–64, especially in rural areas, were particularly at risk for RTFs in recent years. Finally, RTFs became more common among middle-aged and older adults than young Chinese, with roughly 57% of all RTFs occurring among individuals aged 45 and above during 2011–2012. Conclusions: RTFs increased dramatically in China during the past decade, especially in rural areas. Age-distribution patterns of RTFs have changed there. Community- based public health education and intervention programs are warranted.
Field testing of a soft-storey building in Melbourne
Creators: name: Bhamare, Rupali
name: Wibowo, A.
name: Gad, Emad
name: Collier, Philip
name: Wilson, John
name: Lam, Nelson
name: Rodsin, K
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Building structures possessing vertical stiffness irregularity with an open ground storey are common in areas of low and moderate seismicity. These types of structures translate back and forth like an inverted pendulum during earthquake shaking, with the columns in the open storey often susceptible to severe damage and collapse. This paper presents an overview of a collaborative research project which has been undertaken by Swinburne University of Technology and The University of Melbourne, Australia. The paper presents outcomes of unique experimental field testing on a four-storey soft storey building in Melbourne. The major aim of the project is to study the load deflection behaviour of soft storey buildings when subjected to lateral loading and to assess the lateral load and drift capacity. The results from the field test will be used to develop a representative seismic performance assessment procedure for soft storey buildings subject to different levels of ground shaking using force and displacement principles.
Prediction of vehicle crashes by drivers' characteristics and past traffic violations in Korea using a zero-inflated negative binomial model
Creators: name: Dae-Hwan Kim
name: Ramjan, Lucie M.
name: Kwok-Kei Mak
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Aims: Traffic safety is a significant public health challenge, and vehicle crashes account for the majority of injuries. This study aims to identify whether drivers' characteristics and past traffic violations may predict vehicle crashes in Korea. Methods: A total of 500,000 drivers were randomly selected from the 11.6 million driver records of the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs in Korea. Records of traffic crashes were obtained from the archives of the Korea Insurance Development Institute. After matching the past violation history for the period 2004–2005 with the number of crashes in year 2006, a total of 488,139 observations were used for the analysis. Zero-inflated negative binomial model was used to determine the incident risk ratio (IRR) of vehicle crashes by past violations of individual drivers. The included covariates were driver's age, gender, district of residence, vehicle choice, and driving experience. Results: Drivers violating (1) a hit-and-run or drunk driving regulation at least once and (2) a signal, central line, or speed regulation more than once had a higher risk of a vehicle crash with respective IRRs of 1.06 and 1.15. Furthermore, female gender, a younger age, fewer years of driving experience, and middle-sized vehicles were all significantly associated with a higher likelihood of vehicle crashes. Conclusions: Drivers' demographic characteristics and past traffic violations could predict vehicle crashes in Korea. Greater resources should be assigned to the provision of traffic safety education programs for the high-risk driver groups.
1 декабря - Всемирный день борьбы со СПИДом. Кампания 2003 года: Постер
Creators: name: Берковский Алексей Сергеевич
name: Белоцерковский Юрий Иванович
name: Сергеевич, Шевченко Александр
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: ВИЧ/СПИД
Всемирный день борьбы со СПИДом
стигма
дискриминация
HIV/AIDS
World AIDS Day
stigma
discrimination

description: На русском: [1 декабря - Всемирный день борьбы со СПИДом. Кампания 2003 года: Постер / разработан: Берковский, А.С., Белоцерковский, Ю.И., Шевченко, А.С.; БФ "Червона стрічка", МОМХ, ХОЦПС, Харьков, Украина (2003, 1 декабря). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3756942] Всемирный день борьбы со СПИДом проводится ежегодно 1 декабря с 1988 года по инициативе ВОЗ, а с 1996 года - под руководством ЮНЭЙДС. Кампания 2003 года была посвящена борьбе со стигматизацией и дискриминацией ВИЧ-инфицированных и проходила под лозунгом "Живи и дай жить другим". В городе Харькове Харьковский областной центр профилактики и борьбы со СПИДом, Благотворительный фонд "Червона стрічка" и Молодежная Организация Медиков Харькова провели акцию и выпустили этот плакат, который был размещен в вагонах харьковского метрополитена при поддержке Харьковского городского совета. Ключевые слова: ВИЧ/СПИД, Всемирный день борьбы со СПИДом, стигма, дискриминация. In English: [December 1 is World AIDS Day. 2003 Campaign: Poster / designed by Berkovsky, A.S., Belotserkovsky, Yu.I., Shevchenko, A.S.; CF "Red Ribbon", MYOKh, KhRCPFA, Kharkov, Ukraine (2003, December 1). https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3756942 (In Russian)] World AIDS Day has been held annually on 1 December since 1988 at the initiative of WHO, and since 1996 under the leadership of UNAIDS. The 2003 campaign was dedicated to the fight against stigma and discrimination by HIV-infected people and was held under the slogan "Live and let others live". In Kharkov-city, the Kharkiv Regional Center for AIDS Prevention and Control, Charitable Foundation "Red Ribbon", and the Medical Youth Organization of Kharkiv held a campaign and issued this poster, which was placed subway cars with the support of the Kharkiv City Council. Keywords: HIV/AIDS, World AIDS Day, stigma, discrimination.
Prediction of vehicle crashes by drivers' characteristics and past traffic violations in Korea using a zero-inflated negative binomial model
Creators: name: Dae-Hwan Kim
name: Kwok-Kei Mak
name: Ramjan, Lucie M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Medicine
subject: Engineering

description: Aims: Traffic safety is a significant public health challenge and vehicle crashes account for the majority of injuries. This study aims to identify whether drivers' characteristics and past traffic violations may predict vehicle crashes in Korea. Methods: A total of 500,000 drivers were randomly selected from the 11.6 million driver records of the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs in Korea. Records of traffic crashes were obtained from the archives of the Korea Insurance Development Institute. After matching the past violation history for the period 2004–2005, with the number of crashes in year 2006, a total of 488,139 observations were used for the analysis. Zero-inflated negative binomial model was used to determine the incident risk ratio (IRR) of vehicle crashes by past violations of individual drivers. The included covariates were driver's age, gender, district of living, vehicle choice, and driving experience. Results: Drivers violating: 1) a hit-and-run or drunk driving regulation at least once; and 2) a signal, central line, or speed regulation more than once, had a higher risk of a vehicle crash with respective IRR of 1.06 and 1.15. Furthermore, female gender, a younger age, fewer years of driving experience, and middle-sized vehicles were all significantly associated with a higher likelihood of vehicle crashes. Conclusions: Drivers' demographic characteristics and past traffic violations could predict vehicle crashes in Korea. Greater resources should be assigned to the provision of traffic safety education programs for the high-risk driver groups.
Prediction of vehicle crashes by drivers' characteristics and past traffic violations in Korea using a zero-inflated negative binomial model
Creators: name: Dae-Hwan Kim
name: Ramjan, Lucie M.
name: Kwok-Kei Mak
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Aims: Traffic safety is a significant public health challenge, and vehicle crashes account for the majority of injuries. This study aims to identify whether drivers' characteristics and past traffic violations may predict vehicle crashes in Korea. Methods: A total of 500,000 drivers were randomly selected from the 11.6 million driver records of the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs in Korea. Records of traffic crashes were obtained from the archives of the Korea Insurance Development Institute. After matching the past violation history for the period 2004–2005 with the number of crashes in year 2006, a total of 488,139 observations were used for the analysis. Zero-inflated negative binomial model was used to determine the incident risk ratio (IRR) of vehicle crashes by past violations of individual drivers. The included covariates were driver's age, gender, district of residence, vehicle choice, and driving experience. Results: Drivers violating (1) a hit-and-run or drunk driving regulation at least once and (2) a signal, central line, or speed regulation more than once had a higher risk of a vehicle crash with respective IRRs of 1.06 and 1.15. Furthermore, female gender, a younger age, fewer years of driving experience, and middle-sized vehicles were all significantly associated with a higher likelihood of vehicle crashes. Conclusions: Drivers' demographic characteristics and past traffic violations could predict vehicle crashes in Korea. Greater resources should be assigned to the provision of traffic safety education programs for the high-risk driver groups.
Vibrio fischeri and Escherichia coli adhesion tendencies towards photolithographically modified nanosmooth poly (tert-butyl methacrylate) polymer surfaces
Creators: name: Ivanova, Elena
name: Mitik-Dineva, Natasa
name: Mocanasu, Radu
name: Murphy, Sarah
name: Wang, James
name: Reissen, Grant
name: Crawford, Russell
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This study reports the adhesion behavior of two bacterial species, Vibrio fischeri and Escherichia coli, to the photoresistant poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) (P(tBMA)) polymer surface. The data has demonstrated that ultraviolet irradiation of P(tBMA) was able to provide control over bacterial adhesion tendencies. Following photolithography, several of the surface characteristics of P(tBMA) were found to be altered. Atomic force microscopy analysis indicated that photolithographically modified P(tBMA) (henceforth termed ‘modified polymer’) appeared as a ‘nanosmooth’ surface with an average surface roughness of 1.6 nm. Although confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis clearly demonstrated that V. fischeri and E. coli presented largely different patterns of attachment in order to adhere to the same surfaces, both species exhibited a greater adhesion propensity towards the ‘nanosmooth’ surface. The adhesion of both species to the modified polymer surface appeared to be facilitated by an elevated production of extracellular polymeric substances when in contact with the substrate.
Motorcycle safety among motorcycle taxi drivers and nonoccupational motorcyclists in developing countries: A case study of Maoming, South China
Creators: name: Wu, Connor Y. H.
name: Loo, Becky P. Y.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Objective: An increasing number of motorcycle taxis have been involved in traffic crashes in many developing countries. This study examines the characteristics of both motorcycle taxi drivers and nonoccupational motorcyclists, investigates the risks they pose to road safety, and provides recommendations to minimize their risks. Methods: Based on the data collected from a questionnaire survey of 867 motorcycle taxi drivers and 2,029 nonoccupational motorcyclists in Maoming, South China, comparisons were made to analyze differences of personal attributes, attitudes toward road safety, and self-reported behavior of the 2 groups. Results: Results of the chi-square tests show that not only motorcycle taxi drivers but also nonoccupational motorcyclists in Maoming held poor attitudes toward road safety and both groups reported unsafe driving behavior. There is much room for improving local road safety education among all motorcyclists in Maoming. Yet, motorcycle taxi drivers were more likely to pose road safety risks than nonoccupational motorcyclists under some circumstances, such as speeding late at night or early in the morning, not requiring passengers to wear helmets, and running a red light. The results of the binary logistic regression model show that possessing a vehicle license for a motorcycle or not was the common significant predictor for unsafe driving behavior of motorcycle taxi drivers and nonoccupational motorcyclists. Therefore, enforcement against all motorcyclists not showing vehicle licenses for their motorcycles should be stepped up. Conclusion: Motorcycle safety is largely poor in Maoming. Therefore, efforts to improve motorcycle safety should be strengthened by targeting not only motorcycle taxi drivers but also nonoccupational motorcyclists.
Seismic performance of strength degraded structures
Creators: name: Bhamare, Rupali
name: Bhamare, Bidur
name: Lam, Nelson
name: Wilson, John
name: Gad, Emad
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Traditionally, performance assessment of a structure is based on trading off strength demand with ductility demand. In high seismicity region, the design provisions are based on the concept of conservation of energy; such guidelines (FEMA 273) recommend a very low drift capacity for strength degraded structures. Furthermore, the application of these guidelines, results in most of the strength degraded structures deemed unsafe when subjected to earthquake excitations in low and moderate seismic regions. This paper presents results of nonlinear time history analyses (THA) for such strength degraded structures for a range of near-field and far-field earthquake scenarios of different M-R combinations. Fragility curves defining probability of failure of structures have been developed. The insensitivity of the probability of failure of the URM wall on its height (i.e. vertical span length) is an interesting finding in this study. Also, the extent of strength degradation in an unreinforced masonry wall is not shown to have increased its probability of failure.
Motorcycle safety among motorcycle taxi drivers and non-occupational motorcyclists in developing countries: A case study of Maoming, South China
Creators: name: Wu, Connor Y.H.
name: Loo, Becky P.Y.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology

description: ABSTRACTObjective: An increasing number of motorcycle taxis have been involved in traffic crashes in many developing countries. This study examines the characteristics of both motorcycle taxi drivers and non-occupational motorcyclists, investigates the risks they pose to road safety, and provides recommendations to minimize their risks. Methods: Based on the data collected from a questionnaire survey of 867 motorcycle taxi drivers and 2,029 non-occupational motorcyclists in Maoming, South China, comparisons were made to analyze differences of personal attributes, attitudes towards road safety and self-reported behavior of the two groups. Results: Results of the chi-square tests show that not only motorcycle taxi drivers but also non-occupational motorcyclists in Maoming held poor attitudes towards road safety and both groups reported unsafe driving behavior. There is much room for improving local road safety education among all motorcyclists in Maoming. Yet, motorcycle taxi drivers were more likely to pose road safety risks than non-occupational motorcyclists under some circumstances, such as speeding late at night or early in the morning, not requiring passengers to wear helmets and running the red-light in a hurry. The results of the binary logistic regression model show that possessing a vehicle license for the motorcycle or not was the common significant predictor for unsafe driving behavior of motorcycle taxi drivers and non-occupational motorcyclists. Therefore, enforcement against all motorcyclists not showing vehicle licenses properly on their motorcycles should be stepped up. Conclusion: Motorcycle safety is largely poor in Maoming. Therefore, efforts to improve motorcycle safety should be strengthened by targeting not only motorcycle taxi drivers but also non-occupational motorcyclists.
Lateral bracing in steel framed residential structures
Creators: name: Gad, Emad
name: Watson, K.
name: Pham, Linh
name: Mcgrath, L.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: One of the most critical design components in light framed residential structures is bracing. This includes bracing of the roof system, walls and sub-floor. Designers often have to make several assumptions concerning the behaviour of individual elements as well as subassemblies. They also have a growing suite of diverse bracing material and techniques to choose from. This paper provides a brief review of bracing requirements which underpin the bracing design for roofs and walls. Areas which require special attention are highlighted such as mixing of different bracing systems for walls.
Social networking sites, depression, and anxiety: A systematic review
Creators: name: Seabrook, Liz
name: Kern, Margaret L.
name: Rickard, Nikki S.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Background: Social networking sites (SNSs) have become a pervasive part of modern culture, which may also affect mental health. Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to identify and summarize research examining depression and anxiety in the context of SNSs. It also aimed to identify studies that complement the assessment of mental illness with measures of well-being and examine moderators and mediators that add to the complexity of this environment. Methods: A multidatabase search was performed. Papers published between January 2005 and June 2016 relevant to mental illness (depression and anxiety only) were extracted and reviewed. Results: Positive interactions, social support, and social connectedness on SNSs were consistently related to lower levels of depression and anxiety, whereas negative interaction and social comparisons on SNSs were related to higher levels of depression and anxiety. SNS use related to less loneliness and greater self-esteem and life satisfaction. Findings were mixed for frequency of SNS use and number of SNS friends. Different patterns in the way individuals with depression and individuals with social anxiety engage with SNSs are beginning to emerge. Conclusions: The systematic review revealed many mixed findings between depression, anxiety, and SNS use. Methodology has predominantly focused on self-report cross-sectional approaches; future research will benefit from leveraging real-time SNS data over time. The evidence suggests that SNS use correlates with mental illness and well-being; however, whether this effect is beneficial or detrimental depends at least partly on the quality of social factors in the SNS environment. Understanding these relationships will lead to better utilization of SNSs in their potential to positively influence mental health.
Latin American Resource Guide, Professional Development Series, Vol. 2
Creators: Institute of Latin American Studies
Urban Arts Partnership
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Arts, Latin American
Popular music
Music--Instruction and study--Curricula
Education, Elementary
Education, Secondary

description: This resource guide contains three workshops for K-12 teachers and education to use musical instruments and songs from Latin America and the Caribbean as means to engage with civic issues. Workshop four is suitable for K-5 through K-9 and teaches students how to turn trash into musical instruments. Workshops five and six analyze contemporary Latin American songs, which speak of the region but also with a civic purpose. The guide is the second and last volume of a Professional Development Series produced by ILAS in collaboration with Urban Arts Partnership.
Brand equity net promoter scores versus mean scores. Which presents a clearer picture for action? A non-elite branded university example
Creators: name: Mitsis, Ann
name: Foley, Patrick
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Reichheld (2003; 2006) argues that every organisation’s customers can be grouped as promoters, detractors or passives. This paper presents an exploratory comparison of a nonelite branded university’s brand equity (quality, value for cost and loyalty) mean and net promoter scores. This investigation identified that mean scores may misinform and that net promoter scores seem to provide better descriptions of customer satisfaction than mean scores as they incorporate variance information. Reichheld’s (2003; 2006) approach seems better at identifying both the level of urgency and creating cost effective interventions to enhance a university’s brand than the more conventional mean based score method .
Innovative passive viscoelastic damper to suppress excessive floor vibrations
Creators: name: Saidi, Ibrahim
name: Gad, Emad
name: Wilson, John
name: Haritos, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Due to changes in construction methods and new building layouts in recent years, human activities such as walking, dancing and aerobics have become major sources of floor vibrations. Excessive floor vibration is a cause of annoyance and discomfort to occupants. Excessive floor vibrations are realised after completion of construction or following structural modifications. Hence rectification measures would be required to minimise floor accelerations. This paper proposes a new innovative passive viscoelastic damper to reduce floor vibrations. This damper can be easily tuned to the fundamental frequency of the floor and can be designed to achieve various damping values. This paper discusses the analytical development of the damper and further experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed damper.
'Keeping it in the family': family trusts, family relationships and tax minimisation
Creators: name: Gilding, Michael
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: A trust is a relationship, based in confidence, whereby property is held by one party, known as thetrustee, on behalf of other parties, known as the beneficiaries. A practitioner literature celebrates thetrust’s ‘versatility’, facilitating ‘a whole range of “tricks” with particular aspects of property ownership:nominal title, benefit and control’ (Moffatt et al. 2005: 4). It is a distinctively English institution, originating in twelfth-century English law (Marcus 1992: 26) and found across British settler societies,including Australia and the US. Trusts serve two purposes in particular. First, trusts are extensively used for familial purposes. Forexample, a 2004 British government survey found that the ‘main motivation for setting up a trust relatedto having the ability to control assets’, such as ‘passing them on to children or grandchildren; providingfor a beneficiary in a particular way; withholding assets until children reach a certain age; and ensuringmoney stays within the “bloodline”’ (Bard and Brockington 2006: 12). Second, they are used to protectassets from creditors, not least the tax office. A 2003 Australian study of ‘red flags of risk’ in relation totax evasion among the very wealthy, for example, found that ‘trust distributions’ were the best ‘red flag’of all – followed by ‘capital loss creation’, and ‘use of an offshore entity in a country that may be a taxhaven’ (Braithwaite et al. 2003: 225). A growing body of research directs attention to ways in which social and economic processes are mixedtogether (Smelser and Swedberg 2005). Family trusts exemplify this point. This paper explores thesocio-economic dynamics of family trusts, in particular the articulation between familial and tax-related purposes.
Damage trends in residential structures
Creators: name: Heath, David
name: Gad, Emad
name: Wilson, John
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Normal environmental factors induce significant loads to houses during their design life. The majority of damage experienced is associated with footing movement and is generally caused by moisture related effects brought about by factors such as nearby vegetation and defective plumbing. Serviceability is typically affected by jammed windows and sprung floors, while other forms of damage such as cracking are frequently encountered in non-structural components such as plasterboard and masonry veneer. Correcting a defect requires not only accurate diagnosis of the root cause(s) but also careful selection of the appropriate rectification works since certain traditional techniques have proven costly and ineffective. This paper reports on the development of a unique database to capture damage information from detailed structural inspections of a large number of houses in Victoria. Data from 1000 damaged houses are summarised and presented in this paper. The database demonstrates significant trends relating damage to other parameters such as age of structure, foundation classification, vegetation, and repair costs. The database has become a useful tool for managers of large housing stock to refine their maintenance programs, assess repair techniques and plan property acquisitions.
Damage in the 2008 China earthquake
Creators: name: Wibowo, A.
name: Kafle, B.
name: Kermani, Alireza
name: Lam, Nelson
name: Wilson, John
name: Gad, Emad
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: An earthquake measuring 7.9 Richter scale occurred in Wenchuan on 12 May 2008, some 92km west of Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China. A field investigation was conducted in regions with Modified Mercalli intensity ranging from MMI VI to XI in order to study the damage pattern. As Australia has a low to moderate level of seismicity, this paper presents the failure characteristic of reinforced concrete buildings for intensity MMI VI to VIII, which dominated by 1) precast construction collapse, 2) unreinforced masonry damage, 3) soft storey building, 4) damage on facade system, 5) reinforced concrete quality and detailing, 6) pounding between two adjacent structures.
Approaches to validity in entrepreneurship research
Creators: name: Brennan, Linda
name: Hayward, David
name: Voros, Joseph
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This paper argues that research in entrepreneurship is a fraught process. Firstly, concepts of validity are paradigmatically framed. Secondly, the paradigms of research within entrepreneurship are still being argued and are the subject of much debate. Finally, the 'quality' of research is being determined by those at the leading edge of their own paradigm without reference to other points of view. We argue that these sub-processes of detemining the validity of research outcomes are a challenge to the 'discipline' of entrepreneurship research (ER) and that ER is at risk of becoming too narrowly focussed. Furthermore, we believe this is limiting ER's potential to contribute to the broader domain of business research.
Effect of Electron Donor to Sulfate Ratio on Mercury Methylation in Floodplain Sediments under Saturated Flow Conditions
Creators: name: Desrochers, Krista A. N.
name: Paulson, Krista M. A.
name: Ptacek, Carol J.
name: Blowes, David W.
name: W. Douglas Gould
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Molecular Biology

description: A column transport experiment was conducted to examine the release and methylation of Hg using Hg contaminated sediment from the floodplain of the South River near Waynesboro, Virginia. Three input solutions were sequentially introduced into the column. Input 1 was unamended South River water, Input 2 was river water amended with 100 mg L−1 SO4 and 3600 mg L−1 lactate, and Input 3 was river water amended with 500 mg L−1 SO4 and 340 mg L−1 lactate. During the first stage of the experiment (Input 1) the effluent Hg concentration was initially 4 µg L−1 and peaked at 21 µg L−1 and after 21 pore volumes stabilized at 13 µg L−1. During the second stage, at high lactate to SO4 ratios, elevated concentrations of acetic and propionic acids were detected, indicating that fermentative bacteria were dominant. During the third stage, at high SO4 to lactate ratios, a decrease in SO4 and an increase in H2S concentrations were detected in the column effluent indicating that SO4 reduction was occurring. Concentrations of methyl Hg (MeHg) in the effluent were variable over the duration of the experiment. During the first phase, concentrations of MeHg remained <3.3 ng L−1. During the fermentative stage, concentrations of MeHg increased to a maximum value of 32 ng L−1, and during the sulfate-reducing stage to a maximum value of 266 ng L−1. When the column was deconstructed both molecular and cultural techniques indicated that sulfate reducing bacteria were most dominant near the influent port. These results indicate that the formation of MeHg in the sediment is not limited by the availability of Hg and that the bacterial community that contributes to mercury methylation can respond quickly to changes in the abundances of electron donors and acceptors.
Unlocking the potential of private finance for forest and landscape restoration
Creators: name: Löfqvist, Sara
name: Garrett, Rachael
name: Ghazoul, Jaboury
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022

description: Private finance is necessary to scale forest and landscape restoration to deliver global commitments, yet finance levels remain insufficient. To understand why funding remains low despite growing interest, we conduct semi-structured interviews with financial actors and restoration finance practitioners to examine what incentives and barriers corporations and asset managers experience in financing restoration, and what type of restoration projects and regions different finance actors are likely to fund. Next, we assess how current financial barriers might be overcome. We find that there are market incentives for corporate entities to finance restoration for carbon drawdown, sustainable branding, and to promote sustainability in supply chains. Conversely, asset managers face strong barriers as projects are deemed high risk and with low prospects for sufficient return on investments. Through enhanced markets for restoration benefits, complementary public policies, and financial instruments, private finance for restoration can be scaled for a wider variety of restoration projects.
description: Research Square
description: ISSN:2693-5015
Effect of electron donor to sulfate ratio on mercury methylation in floodplain sediments under saturated flow conditions
Creators: name: Desrochers, Krista A. N.
name: Paulson, Krista M. A.
name: Ptacek, Carol J.
name: Blowes, David W.
name: W. Douglas Gould
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Molecular Biology

description: A column transport experiment was conducted to examine the release and methylation of Hg using Hg contaminated sediment from the floodplain of the South River near Waynesboro, Virginia. Three input solutions were sequentially introduced into the column. Input 1 was unamended South River water, Input 2 was river water amended with 100 mg L−1 SO4 and 3600 mg L−1 lactate, and Input 3 was river water amended with 500 mg L−1 SO4 and 340 mg L−1 lactate. During the first stage of the experiment (Input 1) the effluent Hg concentration was initially 4 µg L−1 and peaked at 21 µg L−1 and after 21 pore volumes stabilized at 13 µg L−1. During the second stage, at high lactate to SO4 ratios, elevated concentrations of acetic and propionic acids were detected, indicating that fermentative bacteria were dominant. During the third stage, at high SO4 to lactate ratios, a decrease in SO4 and an increase in H2S concentrations were detected in the column effluent indicating that SO4 reduction was occurring. Concentrations of methyl Hg (MeHg) in the effluent were variable over the duration of the experiment. During the first phase, concentrations of MeHg remained <3.3 ng L−1. During the fermentative stage, concentrations of MeHg increased to a maximum value of 32 ng L−1, and during the sulfate-reducing stage to a maximum value of 266 ng L−1. When the column was deconstructed both molecular and cultural techniques indicated that sulfate reducing bacteria were most dominant near the influent port. These results indicate that the formation of MeHg in the sediment is not limited by the availability of Hg and that the bacterial community that contributes to mercury methylation can respond quickly to changes in the abundances of electron donors and acceptors.
Monte Carlo QSAR models for predicting organophosphate inhibition of acetycholinesterase
Creators: name: J.B. Veselinović
name: G.M. Nikolić
name: N.V. Trutić
name: J.V. Živković
name: A.M. Veselinović
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Information and Computing Sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: A series of 278 organophosphate compounds acting as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors has been studied. The Monte Carlo method was used as a tool for building up one-variable quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models for acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity based on the principle that the target endpoint is treated as a random event. As an activity, bimolecular rate constants were used. The QSAR models were based on optimal descriptors obtained from Simplified Molecular Input-Line Entry System (SMILES) used for the representation of molecular structure. Two modelling approaches were examined: (1) ‘classic’ training-test system where the QSAR model was built with one random split into a training, test and validation set; and (2) the correlation balance based QSAR models were built with two random splits into a sub-training, calibration, test and validation set. The DModX method was used for defining the applicability domain. The obtained results suggest that studied activity can be determined with the application of QSAR models calculated with the Monte Carlo method since the statistical quality of all build models was very good. Finally, structural indicators for the increase and the decrease of the bimolecular rate constant are defined. The possibility of using these results for the computer-aided design of new organophosphate compounds is presented.
Predicting depression from language-based emotion dynamics: Longitudinal analysis of Facebook and Twitter status updates
Creators: name: Seabrook, Liz
name: Kern, Margaret L.
name: Fulcher, Ben D.
name: Rickard, Nikki S.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Background: Frequent expression of negative emotion words on social media has been linked to depression. However, metrics have relied on average values, not dynamic measures of emotional volatility. Objective: The aim of this study was to report on the associations between depression severity and the variability (time-unstructured) and instability (time-structured) in emotion word expression on Facebook and Twitter across status updates. Methods: Status updates and depression severity ratings of 29 Facebook users and 49 Twitter users were collected through the app MoodPrism. The average proportion of positive and negative emotion words used, within-person variability, and instability were computed. Results: Negative emotion word instability was a significant predictor of greater depression severity on Facebook (rs(29)=.44, P=.02, 95% CI 0.09-0.69), even after controlling for the average proportion of negative emotion words used (partial rs(26)=.51, P=.006) and within-person variability (partial rs(26)=.49, P=.009). A different pattern emerged on Twitter where greater negative emotion word variability indicated lower depression severity (rs(49)=−.34, P=.01, 95% CI −0.58 to 0.09). Differences between Facebook and Twitter users in their emotion word patterns and psychological characteristics were also explored. Conclusions: The findings suggest that negative emotion word instability may be a simple yet sensitive measure of time-structured variability, useful when screening for depression through social media, though its usefulness may depend on the social media platform.
Fully Onboard SLAM for Distributed Mapping with a Swarm of Nano-Drones
Creators: name: Friess, Carl
name: Niculescu, Vlad
name: Polonelli, Tommaso
name: Magno, Michele
name: Benini, Luca
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2023
Subjects: Mapping
SLAM
Swarm
UAVs
ICP

description: The use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is rapidly increasing in applications ranging from surveillance and first-aid missions to industrial automation involving cooperation with other machines or humans. To maximize area coverage and reduce mission latency, swarms of collaborating drones have become a significant research direction. However, this approach requires open challenges in positioning, mapping, and communications to be addressed. This work describes a distributed mapping system based on a swarm of nano-UAVs, characterized by a limited payload of 35 g and tightly constrained on-board sensing and computing capabilities. Each nano-UAV is equipped with four 64-pixel depth sensors that measure the relative distance to obstacles in four directions. The proposed system merges the information from the swarm and generates a coherent grid map without relying on any external infrastructure. The data fusion is performed using the iterative closest point algorithm and a graph-based simultaneous localization and mapping algorithm, running entirely on-board the UAV's low-power ARM Cortex-M microcontroller with just 192 kB of SRAM memory. Field results gathered in three different mazes from a swarm of up to 4 nano-UAVs prove a mapping accuracy of 12 cm and demonstrate that the mapping time is inversely proportional to the number of agents. The proposed framework scales linearly in terms of communication bandwidth and on-board computational complexity, supporting communication between up to 20 nano-UAVs and mapping of areas up to 180 m2 with the chosen configuration requiring only 50 kB of memory.
description: arXiv
In-plane performance of masonry veneer subjected to blast vibrations
Creators: name: Heath, David
name: Gad, Emad
name: Wilson, John
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Footing related movement in domestic structures from environmental loads is responsible for widespread cracking in houses. While the severity of cracking may vary significantly, cosmetic cracking frequently goes unnoticed. However, some residential areas in Australia also experience low level vibrations from blasting in nearby mines or quarries. Some residents are alarmed by the noise of a blast and become concerned their dwelling has been damaged, typically in the form of cracking. Common complaints relate to non-structural components such as interior plasterboard and masonry veneer. Despite existing governing vibration limits which are considered conservative relative to international limits, crack related complaints continue to be made and contention exists over the damage potential of low level blast vibrations. An extensive research project at the University of Melbourne has sought to identify the relationship between blast vibration and damage in plasterboard and masonry veneer in houses. An extensive testing program has been the primary avenue of this research, investigating the behaviour of plasterboard and masonry ranging from the local to global scale. The final component of the testing program has been a full-scale uniaxial shaking table test of a single room house in two orthogonal directions. The specimen included a timber frame with unreinforced masonry veneer and had penetrations in all four walls to be considered representative of a typical brick veneer house. This paper focuses on the performance of the masonry veneer, reporting on the deterioration with increasing level of vibration. Damage criteria are presented which relate the severity of cracking over a range of drift limits.