cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Structural remodeling of AAA+ ATPase p97 by adaptor protein ASPL facilitates posttranslational methylation by METTL21D
Creators: name: Petrović, Saša
name: Roske, Yvette
name: Rami, Biria
name: Phan, Mai Hoang Quynh
name: Panakova, Daniela
name: Heinemann, Udo
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: AAA+ ATPase
subject: p97
subject: protein methylation
subject: protein remodeling
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: p97 is an essential AAA+ ATPase that extracts and unfolds substrate proteins from membranes and protein complexes. Through its mode of action, p97 contributes to various cellular processes, such as membrane fusion, ER-associated protein degradation, DNA repair, and many others. Diverse p97 functions and protein interactions are regulated by a large number of adaptor proteins. Alveolar soft part sarcoma locus (ASPL) is a unique adaptor protein that regulates p97 by disassembling functional p97 hexamers to smaller entities. An alternative mechanism to regulate the activity and interactions of p97 is by posttranslational modifications (PTMs). Although more than 140 PTMs have been identified in p97, only a handful of those have been described in detail. Here we present structural and biochemical data to explain how the p97-remodeling adaptor protein ASPL enables the metastasis promoting methyltransferase METTL21D to bind and trimethylate p97 at a single lysine side chain, which is deeply buried inside functional p97 hexamers. The crystal structure of a heterotrimeric p97:ASPL:METTL21D complex in the presence of cofactors ATP and S-adenosyl homocysteine reveals how structural remodeling by ASPL exposes the crucial lysine residue of p97 to facilitate its trimethylation by METTL21D. The structure also uncovers a role of the second region of homology (SRH) present in the first ATPase domain of p97 in binding of a modifying enzyme to the AAA+ ATPase. Investigation of this interaction in the human, fish, and plant reveals fine details on the mechanism and significance of p97 trimethylation by METTL21D across different organisms.
Additional file 1 of Portable polygraphic device (Somnocheck micro CARDIO®) provides accurate diagnostic information in psychiatric patients at risk for obstructive sleep apnoea: an observational cohort study
Creators: name: Bailer, Maximilian
name: Stein, Eva M.
name: Sprügel, Maximilian I.
name: Mestermann, Stefan
name: Spitzer, Philipp
name: Utz, Janine
name: Zirlik, Sabine
name: Fuchs, Florian S.
name: Kornhuber, Johannes
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Impact of active teaching methods implemented on therapeutic chemistry module: Performance and impressions of First-year pharmacy students
Creators: name: Derfoufi, Sanae
name: Benmoussa, Adnane
name: El Harti, Jaouad
name: Ramli, Youssef
name: Taoufik, Jamal
name: Chaouir, Souad
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2016

description: This paper describes how a circuits-based project-oriented problem-based learning educational model was integrated into the first year of a Bachelor of Engineering in Electronic Engineering programme at Maynooth University, Ireland. While many variations of problem based learning exist, the presented model is closely aligned with the model used in Aalborg University, Denmark. Key learning outcomes, implementation features and an evaluation of the integrated project-oriented problembased learning module over a two year period are all presented within.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol 3 No 2 (2015)
Preprint: Using RF-DNA Fingerprints To Classify OFDM Transmitters Under Rayleigh Fading Conditions
Creators: name: Fadul, Mohamed
name: Reising, Donald
name: Loveless, T. Daniel
name: Ofoli, Abdul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Internet of Things (IoT) is a collection of Internet connected devices capable of interacting with the physical world and computer systems. It is estimated that the IoT will consist of approximately fifty billion devices by the year 2020. In addition to the sheer numbers, the need for IoT security is exacerbated by the fact that many of the edge devices employ weak to no encryption of the communication link. It has been estimated that almost 70% of IoT devices use no form of encryption. Previous research has suggested the use of Specific Emitter Identification (SEI), a physical layer technique, as a means of augmenting bit-level security mechanism such as encryption. The work presented here integrates a Nelder-Mead based approach for estimating the Rayleigh fading channel coefficients prior to the SEI approach known as RF-DNA fingerprinting. The performance of this estimator is assessed for degrading signal-to-noise ratio and compared with least square and minimum mean squared error channel estimators. Additionally, this work presents classification results using RF-DNA fingerprints that were extracted from received signals that have undergone Rayleigh fading channel correction using Minimum Mean Squared Error (MMSE) equalization. This work also performs radio discrimination using RF-DNA fingerprints generated from the normalized magnitude-squared and phase response of Gabor coefficients as well as two classifiers. Discrimination of four 802.11a Wi-Fi radios achieves an average percent correct classification of 90% or better for signal-to-noise ratios of 18 and 21 dB or greater using a Rayleigh fading channel comprised of two and five paths, respectively.
description: 13 pages, 14 total figures/images, Currently under review by the IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
Do the Small Numbers in the Quark Mixing arise from New Physics?
Creators: name: Branco, G. C.
name: Bastos, José Filipe
name: Silva-Marcos, J. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We put forward the conjecture that the small numbers in the $V_\text{CKM}$ matrix, are generated by physics beyond the Standard Model. We identify as small numbers $V_{ub}$ and the strength of CP violation, measured by $|\text{Im}Q|$, where $Q$ stands for a rephasing invariant quartet of $V_\text{CKM}$. We illustrate how the conjecture can be realised in the context of an extension of the Standard Model where an up-type vector-like quark is introduced leading to a realistic spectrum of quark masses and an effective $V_\text{CKM}$ in agreement with experiment.
description: 15 pages, 1 table
Additional file 1 of Suicide Reduction in Schizophrenia via Exercise (SUnRISE): study protocol for a multi-site, single-blind, randomized clinical trial of aerobic exercise for suicide risk reduction in individuals with schizophrenia
Creators: name: Beck-Felts, Katie
name: Goodman, Marianne
name: Ospina, Luz H.
name: Wall, Melanie
name: McEvoy, Joseph
name: Jarskog, Lars F.
name: Ballon, Jacob S.
name: Bartels, Matthew N.
name: Buchsbaum, Richard
name: Sloan, Richard P.
name: T. Scott Stroup
name: Kimhy, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents*.
Gradient-Free Methods for Saddle-Point Problem
Creators: name: Beznosikov, Aleksandr
name: Sadiev, Abdurakhmon
name: Gasnikov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the paper, we generalize the approach Gasnikov et. al, 2017, which allows to solve (stochastic) convex optimization problems with an inexact gradient-free oracle, to the convex-concave saddle-point problem. The proposed approach works, at least, like the best existing approaches. But for a special set-up (simplex type constraints and closeness of Lipschitz constants in 1 and 2 norms) our approach reduces $\frac{n}{\log n}$ times the required number of oracle calls (function calculations). Our method uses a stochastic approximation of the gradient via finite differences. In this case, the function must be specified not only on the optimization set itself, but in a certain neighbourhood of it. In the second part of the paper, we analyze the case when such an assumption cannot be made, we propose a general approach on how to modernize the method to solve this problem, and also we apply this approach to particular cases of some classical sets.
description: Appears in: Communications in Computer and Information Science book series (CCIS,volume 1275). Minor modifications (typos) with respect to the CCIS version. 26 pages, 1 algorithm, 5 figures, 3 tables
Rotation Measures in AGN jets seen by VLA at 21 cm to 6 mm
Creators: name: Kravchenko, E. V.
name: Cotton, W. D.
name: Kovalev, Y. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Faraday Rotation Measure (RM) properties of seven active galactic nuclei (AGN), observed with the NRAO VLA at three epochs in 2012-2014. Data was taken at 1.4, 2.2, 5.0, 8.2, 15.4, 22.4, 33.5 and 43.1 GHz quasi simultaneously in full polarization mode. For the first time RMs were calculated in a range of wavelengths covering more than one order of magnitude: from 21 cm up to 6 mm. We measured RM for each source and showed a tendency to increase its value toward high frequencies according to the law |RM|~f^a with a=1.6+/-0.1. For 0710+439, we observed an increase over the frequency range of 4 orders of magnitude and measured one of the highest RM ever, (-89+/-1)*10^3 rad/m^2. Analysis of different epochs shows variations of the value and the sign of RM on short and long time-scales. This may be caused by changing physical conditions in the compact regions of the AGN jets, e.g. strength of magnetic field, particle density and so on.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. To appear in the Proceedings of the IAU Symposium No. 313 Extragalactic jets from every angle, Galapagos, Ecuador, 15-19 September 2014, F. Massaro, C. C. Cheung, E. Lopez, and A. Siemiginowska (Eds.), Cambridge University Press
re3data – Indexing the Global Research Data Repository Landscape Since 2012
Creators: name: Pampel, Heinz
name: Weisweiler, Nina Leonie
name: Strecker, Dorothea
name: Witt, Michael
name: Vierkant, Paul
name: Elger, Kirsten
name: Bertelmann, Roland
name: Buys, Matthew
name: Ferguson, Lea Maria
name: Kindling, Maxi
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Databases
subject: Publishing
subject: re3data
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften::020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften

description: For more than ten years, re3data, a global registry of research data repositories (RDRs), has been helping scientists, funding agencies, libraries, and data centers with finding, identifying, and referencing RDRs. As the world’s largest directory of RDRs, re3data currently describes over 3,000 RDRs on the basis of a comprehensive metadata schema. The service allows searching for RDRs of any type and from all disciplines, and users can filter results based on a wide range of characteristics. The re3data RDR descriptions are available as Open Data accessible through an API and are utilized by numerous Open Science services. re3data is engaged in various initiatives and projects concerning data management and is mentioned in the policies of many scientific institutions, funding organizations, and publishers. This article reflects on the ten-year experience of running re3data and discusses ten key issues related to the management of an Open Science service that caters to RDRs worldwide.
Sample Complexity of Asynchronous Q-Learning: Sharper Analysis and Variance Reduction
Creators: name: Li, Gen
name: Wei, Yuting
name: Chi, Yuejie
name: Gu, Yuantao
name: Chen, Yuxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Asynchronous Q-learning aims to learn the optimal action-value function (or Q-function) of a Markov decision process (MDP), based on a single trajectory of Markovian samples induced by a behavior policy. Focusing on a $γ$-discounted MDP with state space $\mathcal{S}$ and action space $\mathcal{A}$, we demonstrate that the $\ell_{\infty}$-based sample complexity of classical asynchronous Q-learning --- namely, the number of samples needed to yield an entrywise $\varepsilon$-accurate estimate of the Q-function --- is at most on the order of $\frac{1}{μ_{\min}(1-γ)^5\varepsilon^2}+ \frac{t_{mix}}{μ_{\min}(1-γ)}$ up to some logarithmic factor, provided that a proper constant learning rate is adopted. Here, $t_{mix}$ and $μ_{\min}$ denote respectively the mixing time and the minimum state-action occupancy probability of the sample trajectory. The first term of this bound matches the sample complexity in the synchronous case with independent samples drawn from the stationary distribution of the trajectory. The second term reflects the cost taken for the empirical distribution of the Markovian trajectory to reach a steady state, which is incurred at the very beginning and becomes amortized as the algorithm runs. Encouragingly, the above bound improves upon the state-of-the-art result \cite{qu2020finite} by a factor of at least $|\mathcal{S}||\mathcal{A}|$ for all scenarios, and by a factor of at least $t_{mix}|\mathcal{S}||\mathcal{A}|$ for any sufficiently small accuracy level $\varepsilon$. Further, we demonstrate that the scaling on the effective horizon $\frac{1}{1-γ}$ can be improved by means of variance reduction.
description: accepted in part to Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) 2020
Rdimtools: An R package for Dimension Reduction and Intrinsic Dimension Estimation
Creators: name: You, Kisung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Discovering patterns of the complex high-dimensional data is a long-standing problem. Dimension Reduction (DR) and Intrinsic Dimension Estimation (IDE) are two fundamental thematic programs that facilitate geometric understanding of the data. We present Rdimtools - an R package that supports 133 DR and 17 IDE algorithms whose extent makes multifaceted scrutiny of the data in one place easier. Rdimtools is distributed under the MIT license and is accessible from CRAN, GitHub, and its package website, all of which deliver instruction for installation, self-contained examples, and API documentation.
Simulating the formation of massive seed black holes in the early Universe. II: Impact of rate coefficient uncertainties
Creators: name: Glover, Simon C. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how uncertainties in the chemical and cooling rate coefficients relevant for a metal-free gas influence our ability to determine the critical ultraviolet field strength required to suppress H2 cooling in high-redshift atomic cooling halos. The suppression of H2 cooling is a necessary prerequisite for the gas to undergo direct collapse and form an intermediate mass black hole. These black holes can then act as seeds for the growth of the supermassive black holes (SMBHs) observed at redshifts $z \sim 6$. The viability of this model for SMBH formation depends on the critical ultraviolet field strength, Jcrit: if this is too large, then too few seeds will form to explain the observed number density of SMBHs. We show in this paper that there are five key chemical reactions whose rate coefficients are uncertain enough to significantly affect Jcrit. The most important of these is the collisional ionization of hydrogen by collisions with other hydrogen atoms, as the rate for this process is very poorly constrained at the low energies relevant for direct collapse. The total uncertainty introduced into Jcrit by this and the other four reactions could in the worst case approach a factor of five. We also show that the use of outdated or inappropriate values for the rates of some chemical reactions in previous studies of the direct collapse mechanism may have significantly affected the values of Jcrit determined by these studies.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures. Minor revisions to match version accepted by MNRAS
Aaa
Creators: name: K.K. Basheer Ahammed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 50202 Conservation and Biodiversity
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 50205 Environmental Management
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 50206 Environmental Monitoring
subject: 60205 Marine and Estuarine Ecology (incl. Marine Ichthyology)
subject: 40305 Marine Geoscience
subject: 210202 Heritage and Cultural Conservation
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: aaaaaa
Dispersive and star ordering of sample extremes from dependent random variables following the proportional odds model
Creators: name: Panja, Arindam
name: Kundu, Pradip
name: Pradhan, Biswabrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Dispersive order is a type of variability order for comparing the variability in probability distributions. Star order compares the skewness of probability distributions. This work considers dispersive and star orders of extreme order statistics from dependent random variables following the proportional odds (PO) model. The joint distribution of the random variables is modeled with Archimedean copula. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the findings.
description: 8 figures
Aging of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) sperm induced by short-term storage does not alter global DNA methylation and specific histone modifications in offspring
Creators: name: Cheng, Yu
name: Waghmare, Swapnil Gorakh
name: Zhang, Songpei
name: Vechtová, Pavlína
name: Schumacher, Fabian
name: Kleuser, Burkhard
name: Samarin, Azin Mohagheghi
name: Samarin, Azadeh Mohagheghi
name: Linhartova, Zuzana
name: Dey, Abhipsha
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cyprinus
subject: DNA methylation
subject: Histone methylation and acetylation
subject: Artificial seminal plasma
subject: Fertility
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Short-term storage of sperm is a useful tool to synchronize the availability of male and female gametes for fertilization in a hatchery. Induced aging by short-term storage has been shown to affect fish spermatozoa phenotypes including morphology and motility kinetics. However, its effects on epigenetics of sperm and the resulting embryos have not been investigated. In the present study, sperm of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) was stored in vivo and/or in vitro using an extender, and spermatozoa motility kinetics, viability, and epigenetics were analyzed. We observed that spermatozoa motility and velocity decreased following in vivo and/or in vitro storage from 3 to 6.5 days, but spermatozoa viability remained stable. At the same time, global DNA methylation, DNA hydroxymethylation, and specific histone acetylation and methylation were not affected by sperm aging. Further analysis showed no variation in global DNA methylation during embryogenesis when short-term stored sperm in the extender was used for fertilization compared with embryos produced from fresh sperm. The results suggest the reliability of short-term storage of sperm using an extender in fertilization and the production of the next generation of embryos. However, larval growth and performance need to be elucidated for these fish. This study has shed light on the potential application of extenders in storage of sperm in common carp breeding programs to manage selection, genomic manipulation and genetic resources conservation.
Enhance Primordial Black Hole Abundance through the Non-linear Processes around Bounce Point
Creators: name: Chen, Jie-Wen
name: Zhu, Mian
name: Yan, Sheng-Feng
name: Wang, Qing-Qing
name: Cai, Yifu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-singular bouncing cosmology is an alternative paradigm to inflation, wherein the background energy density vanishes at the bounce point, in the context of Einstein gravity. Therefore, the non-linear effects in the evolution of density fluctuations ($δρ$) may be strong in the bounce phase, which potentially provides a mechanism to enhance the abundance of primordial black holes (PBHs). This article presents a comprehensive illustration for PBH enhancement due to the bounce phase. To calculate the non-linear evolution of $δρ$, the Raychaudhuri equation is numerically solved here. Since the non-linear processes may lead to a non-Gaussian probability distribution function for $δρ$ after the bounce point, the PBH abundance is calculated in a modified Press-Schechter formalism. In this case, the criterion of PBH formation is complicated, due to complicated non-linear evolutionary behavior of $δρ$ during the bounce phase. Our results indicate that the bounce phase indeed has potential to enhance the PBH abundance sufficiently. Furthermore, the PBH abundance is applied to constrain the parameters of bounce phase, providing a complementary to the surveys of cosmic microwave background and large scale structure.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Humanística e Teologia, v. 2 n. 1 (1981)
Creators: name: Humanística E Teologia
Publisher: name: Humanística e Teologia
Year: 1981

description: A primeira Homilia cristã: Jesus na sinagoga de Nazaré (Lucas, 4,16-30)...5-50 Problemas da actual situação ecuménica...51-65 A Eclesiologia e as Eclesiologias...67-90 Bibliografia para a história da Igreja em Portugal I (1961-1963)...91-112 Riobé (Guy-Marie), Pasion por el evangelio. Textos y palavras recogidos por un grupo de amigos, Ediciones Sígueme, Salamanca, 1980, p. 152...113-114 Torres (Carlos Alberto), Paulo Freire Educación y concientización, Ed. Sígueme, Salamanca, 1980, 269 pp....114-116 Vicente E. Y Tarancón - Marcelo González - Narciso Jubany, Iglesia y Política en la España de hoy, (prólogo e introdução de Olegario González de Cardedal), Salamanca, Ed. Sígueme, vol. 210x130, 143 pp....116-117 Miranda (Mário de França), Libertados para a práxis da Justiça (A Teologia da Graça no actual contexto latino-americano), coleção Fé e Realidade, S. Paulo, Ed. Loyola, 1980, 190 p....117-118 Martorell (José), Palabra, Fogma, Iglesia (Apuntes para una interpretación kerigmática del dogma cristológico), Valencia, 1980, 216x150, 138 páginas...119-119
QCD anatomy of photon isolation
Creators: name: Becher, Thomas
name: Favrod, Samuel
name: Xu, Xiaofeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To separate the energetic photons produced in hard scattering processes from those from other sources, measurements impose isolation requirements which restrict the hadronic radiation inside a cone around the photon. In this paper, we perform a detailed factorization analysis of the QCD effects associated with photon isolation. We show that for small cone radius $R$, photon isolation effects can be captured by a fragmentation function describing the decay of a parton into a photon accompanied by hadronic radiation. We compute this fragmentation function for different isolation criteria and solve the associated renormalization group equations to resum logarithms of $R$. For small isolation energy, the cone fragmentation function factorizes further, into collinear functions describing energetic quarks and gluons near the cone boundary and functions encoding their soft radiation emitted into the cone. Based on this factorization we also resum the non-global logarithms of the ratio of the photon energy and the isolation energy, so that we control all logarithmically enhanced terms in the cross section. Finally, we provide a simple formula to convert NNLO cross section results from smooth-cone isolation to fixed-cone isolation.
description: 38 pages, 13 figures. v2: journal version, corrected (A.2)
Bulk-edge correspondence for unbounded Dirac-Landau operators
Creators: name: Cornean, Horia D.
name: Moscolari, Massimo
name: Sørensen, Kasper S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two-dimensional unbounded magnetic Dirac operators, either defined on the whole plane, or with infinite mass boundary conditions on a half-plane. Our main results use techniques from elliptic PDEs and integral operators, while their topological consequences are presented as corollaries of some more general identities involving magnetic derivatives of local traces of fast decaying functions of the bulk and edge operators. One of these corollaries leads to the so-called Středa formula: if the bulk operator has an isolated compact spectral island, then the integrated density of states of the corresponding bulk spectral projection varies linearly with the magnetic field as long as the gaps between the spectral island and the rest of the spectrum are not closed, and the slope of this variation is given by the Chern character of the projection. The same bulk Chern character is related to the number of edge states which appear in the gaps of the bulk operator.
description: Final version, 25 pages, appeared in JMP
Adversarial jamming attacks and defense strategies via adaptive deep reinforcement learning
Creators: name: Wang, Feng
name: Zhong, Chen
name: Gursoy, M. Cenk
name: Velipasalar, Senem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T07 (Primary) 94A15 (Secondary)

description: As the applications of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) in wireless communications grow, sensitivity of DRL based wireless communication strategies against adversarial attacks has started to draw increasing attention. In order to address such sensitivity and alleviate the resulting security concerns, we in this paper consider a victim user that performs DRL-based dynamic channel access, and an attacker that executes DRLbased jamming attacks to disrupt the victim. Hence, both the victim and attacker are DRL agents and can interact with each other, retrain their models, and adapt to opponents' policies. In this setting, we initially develop an adversarial jamming attack policy that aims at minimizing the accuracy of victim's decision making on dynamic channel access. Subsequently, we devise defense strategies against such an attacker, and propose three defense strategies, namely diversified defense with proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control, diversified defense with an imitation attacker, and defense via orthogonal policies. We design these strategies to maximize the attacked victim's accuracy and evaluate their performances.
description: 13 pages, 24 figures
ALMA Imaging of Millimeter/Submillimeter Continuum Emission in Orion KL
Creators: name: Hirota, Tomoya
name: Kim, Mi Kyoung
name: Kurono, Yasutaka
name: Honma, Mareki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out high resolution observations with Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) of continuum emission from Orion KL region. We identify 11 compact sources at ALMA band 6 (245 GHz) and band 7 (339 GHz), including Hot Core, Compact Ridge, SMA1, IRc4, IRc7, and a radio source I (Source I). Spectral energy distribution (SED) of each source is determined by using previous 3 mm continuum emission data. Physical properties such as size, mass, hydrogen number density and column density are discussed based on the dust graybody SED. Among 11 identified sources, Source I, a massive protostar candidate, is a dominant energy source in Orion KL. We extensively investigate its SED from centimeter to submillimeter wavelengths. The SED of Source I can be fitted with a single power-law index of 1.97 suggesting an optically thick emission. We employ the H$^{-}$ free-free emission as an opacity source of this optically thick emission. The temperature, density, and mass of the circumstellar disk associated with Source I are constrained by the SED of H$^{-}$ free-free emission. Still the fitting result shows a significant deviation from the observed flux densities. Combined with the thermal dust graybody SED to explain excess emission at higher frequency, a smaller power-law index of 1.60 for the H$^{-}$ free-free emission is obtained in the SED fitting. The power-law index smaller than 2 would suggest a compact source size or a clumpy structure unresolved with the present study. Future higher resolution observations with ALMA are essential to reveal more detailed spatial structure and physical properties of Source I.
description: 34 pages, 9 figures, Accepted by ApJ
Strain Disorder and Gapless Intervalley Coherent Phase in Twisted Bilayer Graphene
Creators: name: Shavit, Gal
name: Kolář, Kryštof
name: Mora, Christophe
name: von Oppen, Felix
name: Oreg, Yuval
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlated insulators are frequently observed in magic angle twisted bilayer graphene at even fillings of electrons or holes per moiré unit-cell. Whereas theory predicts these insulators to be intervalley coherent excitonic phases, the measured gaps are routinely much smaller than theoretical estimates. We explore the effects of random strain variations on the intervalley coherent phase, which have a pair-breaking effect analogous to magnetic disorder in superconductors. We find that the spectral gap may be strongly suppressed by strain disorder, or vanish altogether, even as intervalley coherence is maintained. We discuss predicted features of the tunneling density of states, show that the activation gap measured in transport experiments corresponds to the diminished gap, and thus offer a solution for the apparent discrepancy between the theoretical and experimental gaps.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures + Supplementary. Published version
Additional file 2 of Portable polygraphic device (Somnocheck micro CARDIO®) provides accurate diagnostic information in psychiatric patients at risk for obstructive sleep apnoea: an observational cohort study
Creators: name: Bailer, Maximilian
name: Stein, Eva M.
name: Sprügel, Maximilian I.
name: Mestermann, Stefan
name: Spitzer, Philipp
name: Utz, Janine
name: Zirlik, Sabine
name: Fuchs, Florian S.
name: Kornhuber, Johannes
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 2
Is everything under control? a reexamination of individual variations in cognitive control
Creators: name: Miller, Angela Eve
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2015
Subjects: Executive functions
Goal-directed behavior
Individual differences in cognitive control
Inhibition
working memory

description: To investigate controlled processes, cognitive psychologists often rely on oppositional logic, pitting automatic and controlled processes against one another, measuring speed and accuracy of responding to incongruent stimuli (e.g., RED printed in green ink). These investigations have been critical to understanding cognitive control, but present a limited and mostly pejorative view of automatic processes. Through the studies in this dissertation, we explored a larger and more beneficial role for automatic processes. In the two preliminary experiments, we administered a high-congruency Simon task, with either a warning to encourage control or no warning where automatic and controlled processing were emphasized equally. The results suggested that high spans can exert or withhold control to a greater degree than low spans, based on simple changes to task instructions. The dissertation experiments replicated and extended these findings. The first two experiments were a speed-blocked variation of the Simon task, again with warning or no warning instructions as the only difference between experiments. Next, to see if these Simon task findings generalized, we administered the stop-signal paradigm as a multitasking extension of oppositional logic tasks and again found evidence of those higher in cognitive control having greater flexibility between automatic and controlled aspects of the task. Combined, the experiments suggest those with high levels of control are more flexible in their allocation of cognitive control and automaticity than low spans who rigidly apply both types of processing. High spans' flexibility is discussed as greater tolerance of automatic processing brought about by stronger inhibitory control.
Fast Global Convergence of Natural Policy Gradient Methods with Entropy Regularization
Creators: name: Cen, Shicong
name: Cheng, Chen
name: Chen, Yuxin
name: Wei, Yuting
name: Chi, Yuejie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Natural policy gradient (NPG) methods are among the most widely used policy optimization algorithms in contemporary reinforcement learning. This class of methods is often applied in conjunction with entropy regularization -- an algorithmic scheme that encourages exploration -- and is closely related to soft policy iteration and trust region policy optimization. Despite the empirical success, the theoretical underpinnings for NPG methods remain limited even for the tabular setting. This paper develops $\textit{non-asymptotic}$ convergence guarantees for entropy-regularized NPG methods under softmax parameterization, focusing on discounted Markov decision processes (MDPs). Assuming access to exact policy evaluation, we demonstrate that the algorithm converges linearly -- or even quadratically once it enters a local region around the optimal policy -- when computing optimal value functions of the regularized MDP. Moreover, the algorithm is provably stable vis-à-vis inexactness of policy evaluation. Our convergence results accommodate a wide range of learning rates, and shed light upon the role of entropy regularization in enabling fast convergence.
description: v2 adds new proofs and improved results; accepted to Operations Research
title: Durability and climate change: changing climatic loads as may affect the durability of building materials, components and assemblies, proceedings of CIB/NRC symposium
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: International Council for Research and Innovation in Building and Construction
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: building elements
subject: building envelope
subject: deterioration resistance
subject: durability design
subject: environmental separation
subject: guideline
subject: heat
subject: air and moisture transfer
subject: hygrothermal modelling
subject: hygrothermal response

description: CIB/NRC Symposium on Durability and Climate Change, September 21, 2018, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Canada
MCMC methods: graph samplers, invariance tests and epidemic models
Creators: name: Scott, James Alexander
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques are used ubiquitously for simulation-based inference. This thesis provides novel contributions to MCMC methods and their application to graph sampling and epidemic modeling. The first topic considered is that of sampling graphs conditional on a set of prescribed statistics, which is a difficult problem arising naturally in many fields: sociology (Holland and Leinhardt, 1981), psychology (Connor and Simberloff, 1979), categorical data analysis (Agresti, 1992) and finance (Squartini et al., 2018, Gandy and Veraart, 2019) being examples. Bespoke MCMC samplers are proposed for this setting. The second major topic addressed is that of modeling the dynamics of infectious diseases, where MCMC is leveraged as the general inference engine. The first part of this thesis addresses important problems such as the uniform sampling of graphs with given degree sequences, and weighted graphs with given strength sequences. These distributions are frequently used for exact tests on social networks and two-way contingency tables. Another application is quantifying the statistical significance of patterns observed in real networks. This is crucial for understanding whether such patterns indicate the presence of interesting network phenomena, or whether they simply result from less interesting processes, such as nodal-heterogeneity. The MCMC samplers developed in the course of this research are complex, and there is great scope for conceptual, analytic, and implementation errors. This motivates a chapter that develops novel tests for detecting errors in MCMC implementations. The tests introduced are unique in being exact, which allows us to keep the false rejection probability arbitrarily low. Rather than develop bespoke samplers, as in the first part of the thesis, the second part leverages a standard MCMC framework Stan (Stan Development Team, 2018) as the workhorse for fitting state-of-the-art epidemic models. We present a general framework for semi-mechanistic Bayesian modeling of infectious diseases using renewal processes. The term semi-mechanistic relates to statistical estimation within some constrained mechanism. This research was motivated by the ongoing SARS-COV-2 pandemic, and variants of the model have been used in specific analyses of Covid-19. We present epidemia, an R package allowing researchers to leverage the epidemic models. A key goal of this work is to demonstrate that MCMC, and in particular, Stan’s No-U-Turn (Hoffman and Gelman, 2014) sampler, can be routinely employed to fit a large-class of epidemic models. A second goal is to make the models accessible to the general research community, through epidemia.
Degenerate parametric down-conversion facilitated by exciton-plasmon polariton states in nonlinear plasmonic cavity
Creators: name: Piryatinski, Andrei
name: Sukharev, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of degenerate parametric down-conversion (DPDC) in an ensemble of two-level quantum emitters (QEs) coupled via near-field interactions to a single surface plasmon (SP) mode of a nonlinear plasmonic cavity. For this purpose, we develop a quantum driven-dissipative model capturing non-equilibrium dynamics of the system in which incoherently pumped QEs have transition frequency tuned near the second-harmonic response of the SPs. Considering the strong coupling regime, i.e., the SP-QE interaction rate exceeds system dissipation rates, we find a critical SP-QE coupling attributed to the phase transition between normal and lasing steady states. Examining fluctuations above the system's steady states, we predict new elementary excitations, namely, the exciton-plasmon polaritons formed by the two-SP quanta and single-exciton states of QEs. The contribution of two-SP quanta results in the linear scaling of the SP-QE interaction rate with the number of QEs, ${\cal N}_o$, as opposed to the $\sqrt{{\cal N}_o}$-scaling known for the Dicke and Tavis-Cummings models. We further examine how SP-QE interaction scaling affects the polariton dispersions and power spectra in the vicinity of the critical coupling. For this purpose, we compare the calculation results assuming a finite ensemble of QEs and the model thermodynamic limit. The calculated power spectra predict an interplay of coherent photon emission by QEs near the second-harmonic frequency and correlated photon-pair emission at the fundamental frequency by the SPs (i.e., the photonic DPDC effect).
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Genomic amplification of chromosome 20q13.33 is the early biomarker for the development of sporadic colorectal carcinoma
Creators: name: Vo-Minh-Hoang Bui
name: Mettling, Clément
name: Jou, Jonathan
name: H. Sunny Sun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Clinicopathological characteristics of 5 representative CRCs.
Search for the production of dark matter in association with top-quark pairs in the single-lepton final state in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search is presented for particle dark matter produced in association with a pair of top quarks in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 8 TeV. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 inverse femtobarns. This search requires the presence of one lepton, multiple jets, and large missing transverse energy. No excess of events is found above the SM expectation, and upper limits are derived on the production cross section. Interpreting the findings in the context of a scalar contact interaction between fermionic dark matter particles and top quarks, lower limits on the interaction scale are set. These limits are also interpreted in terms of the dark matter-nucleon scattering cross sections for the spin-independent scalar operator and they complement direct searches for dark matter particles in the low mass region.
description: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI
Comparing and modeling land use organization in cities
Creators: name: Lenormand, Maxime
name: Picornell, Miguel
name: Cantú-Ros, Oliva G.
name: Louail, Thomas
name: Herranz, Ricardo
name: Barthelemy, Marc
name: Frías-Martínez, Enrique
name: Miguel, Maxi San
name: Ramasco, José J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The advent of geolocated ICT technologies opens the possibility of exploring how people use space in cities, bringing an important new tool for urban scientists and planners, especially for regions where data is scarce or not available. Here we apply a functional network approach to determine land use patterns from mobile phone records. The versatility of the method allows us to run a systematic comparison between Spanish cities of various sizes. The method detects four major land use types that correspond to different temporal patterns. The proportion of these types, their spatial organization and scaling show a strong similarity between all cities that breaks down at a very local scale, where land use mixing is specific to each urban area. Finally, we introduce a model inspired by Schelling's segregation, able to explain and reproduce these results with simple interaction rules between different land uses.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures + Supplementary information
Thermodynamic evidence for field-angle dependent Majorana gap in a Kitaev spin liquid
Creators: name: Tanaka, O.
name: Mizukami, Y.
name: Harasawa, R.
name: Hashimoto, K.
name: Hwang, K.
name: Kurita, N.
name: Tanaka, H.
name: Fujimoto, S.
name: Matsuda, Y.
name: Moon, E. -G.
name: Shibauchi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exactly-solvable Kitaev model of two-dimensional honeycomb magnet leads to a quantum spin liquid (QSL) characterized by Majorana fermions, relevant for fault-tolerant topological quantum computations. In the high-field paramagnetic state of $α$-RuCl3, half-integer quantization of thermal Hall conductivity has been reported as a signature of edge current, but the bulk nature of this state remains elusive. Here, from high-resolution heat capacity measurements under in-plane field rotation, we find strongly angle-dependent low-energy excitations in bulk $α$-RuCl3. The excitation gap has a sextuple node structure, and the gap amplitude increases with field, exactly as expected for itinerant Majorana fermions in the Kitaev model. Our thermodynamic results are fully linked with the transport quantization properties, providing the first demonstration of the bulk-edge correspondence in a Kitaev QSL. Moreover, at higher fields where the quantum thermal Hall effect vanishes, we find the possible emergence of a novel nematic QSL state with two-fold rotational symmetry.
description: This is the submitted version. Revisions have been made and a revised version with extended Supplementary Information will be published in Nature Physics
When is the Kadowaki-Woods ratio universal?
Creators: name: Cavanagh, D. C.
name: Jacko, A. C.
name: Powell, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the Kadowaki-Woods ratio (KWR) in Fermi liquids with arbitrary band structures. We find that, contrary to the single band case, the ratio is not generally independent of the effects of electronic correlations (universal). This is very surprising given the experimental findings of a near universal KWR in many multiband metals. We identify a limit where the universality of the ratio, which has been observed experimentally in many strongly correlated electron systems, is recovered. We discuss the KWR in Dirac semimetals in two and three dimensions. In the two-dimensional case we also generalize the KWR to account for the logarithmic factor in the self-energy. In both cases we find that the KWR is independent of correlations, but strongly dependent on the doping of the system: for massless fermions the KWR is proportional to the inverse square of the carrier density, whereas the KWR for systems with massive quasiparticles is proportional to the inverse of the carrier density.
description: 7 + 5 pages; 0 figures