cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Forecasting dairy herd development in China
Creators: name: Wang, Dong
name: Parton, Kevin A.
name: Wang, Dong
name: Parton, Kevin A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: dairy herd
subject: China
subject: cattle inventory model
subject: projection

description: With the rapid development of the Chinese dairy industry, various researchers have examined the industry from many perspectives related to supply and demand. One of the most important factors for this industry is the total number of dairy cows and it is this aspect that will be addressed in this paper. This paper examines how economic and biological factors influenced the size of the Chinese dairy herd population using an autoregressive distributed lag model and a dairy herd inventory model. The estimated results showed that the biological process was dominating the development of the Chinese dairy herd. The ratio of milk to corn price, as an economic variable, is another factor that had an impact. Beef price, which was found to be an influential variable for the United States dairy cattle inventory did not have a significant impact on the Chinese dairy industry. This is expected to change as the dairy industry in China develops. Results from this study also suggest that Chinese farmers have a positive expectation in the long term towards the dairy industry and that there are high adjustment costs in dairy production in China. Finally, the projection results showed that it is very likely that the dairy cattle numbers in China would double between 2005 and 2010.
Determinants of Participation in Contract Farming Among Smallholder Dairy Farmers: The Case of North Shewa Zone of Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Hirpesa, Mosisa
name: Legesse, Belaineh
name: Haji, Jema
name: Bekele, Ketema
name: Hirpesa, Mosisa
name: Legesse, Belaineh
name: Haji, Jema
name: Bekele, Ketema
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: dairy contract farming
subject: logistic regression
subject: North Shewa Zone
subject: Oromia
subject: Ethiopia

description: The study analyzed the determinants of participation in dairy contract farming using data collected from 424 (192 participants and 232 non-participants) randomly selected milk-producing farmers from three districts of the North Shewa Zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. The study combines both quantitative and qualitative data obtained from household interview using semi structured questionnaire, key informant interview, focus group discussion, and direct personal observation. Descriptive statistics and econometric models were used to analyze data. The binary logistic regression model was employed to identify factors affecting participation in dairy contract farming. Results show that age, sex, perception of price uncertainty, frequency of extension contact and access to training significantly and positively affect participation in dairy contract farming while time taken to milk collection centers affected it significantly and negatively. Results suggest that the need to encourage young farmers, female-headed households, increasing frequency of extension contact, creating access for training, decentralization of milk collection centers and contract farming reduces perceived price uncertainty faced by smallholder farmers from the spot market through creating guaranteed milk price in the study area.
PLANTATION EVALUATION IN INDONESIA: A CLASSIFICATION TEMPLATE AND ANALYSIS OF PROFITABILITY
Creators: name: Indra, Maruli
name: Indra, Maruli
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Productivity Analysis

description: The purposes of this study were to develop a template to reduce errors and time needed to classify plantations in Indonesia; and to analyze the correlation between the profit of the firm and plantation performance level. This study uses dBase IV to develop the descriptive classification template and quantitative statistics (Discriminant Analysis) to evaluate the relationship between a firm's/classification and profits. Data used were obtained from the Directorate General of Estate Crops, ~Indonesian Ministry of Agriculture in 1992. The study found that processing the plantation classification data using the template increases data processing accuracy and is about 9 time faster than when classification is done manually. The study also found that several factors influence the profitability of the firm. The variable, knowledge of the leader, makes the highest share contribution to a firm's profit. Finally, this study recommends that the Directorate General of Estate Crops should review the weights currently assigned to variable in determining the plantation performance and use the template for processing the classification data in order to reduce data processing bias and the time required to classify plantations.
The Effects of the Incorporation of Bioactive Glasses and Zinc Oxide Fillers of Dental Provisional Light-polymerized Composite
Creators: name: Pongpruksa, Pong
Publisher: name: The Dental Association of Thailand
Year: 2022
Subjects: 45S5 bioactive glass
Flexural strength
Fracture toughness
S53P4 bioactive glass
Zinc oxide

description: Journal of The Dental Association of Thailand, 72, 1, 001-011
Mitigating the binary viewing angle bias for standard sirens
Creators: name: Salvarese, Alberto
name: Chen, Hsin-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inconsistency between experiments in the measurements of the local Universe expansion rate, the Hubble constant, suggests unknown systematics in the existing experiments or new physics. Gravitational-wave standard sirens, a method to independently provide direct measurements of the Hubble constant, have the potential to address this tension. Before that, it is critical to ensure there is no substantial systematics in the standard siren method. A significant systematic has been identified when the viewing angle of the gravitational-wave sources, the compact binary coalescences, is inferred inaccurately from electromagnetic observations of the sources. Such systematic has led to more than 10% discrepancy in the standard siren Hubble constant measurements with the observations of binary neutron star merger, GW170817. In this Letter, we develop a new formalism to infer and mitigate this systematic. We demonstrate that the systematic uncertainty of the Hubble constant measurements can be reduced to smaller than their statistical uncertainty with 5, 10, and 20 binary neutron star merger observations. We show that our formalism successfully reduces the systematics even if the shape of the biased viewing angle distribution does not follow precisely the model we choose. Our formalism ensures unbiased standard siren Hubble constant measurements when the binary viewing angles are inferred from electromagnetic observations.
description: Accepted version by The Astrophysical Journal Letters
PROBLEMS OF COORDINATION AND TRAINING IN WEST PAKISTAN AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES
Creators: name: Ahmad, Saeed
name: Ahmad, Saeed
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: In West Pakistan the agriculture sector achieved an annual growth rate of four percent during the Second Plan period (1960-65) mainly through increased supply of irrigation water and fertilizer use. The extension service, though quantitatively improved, did not play a major role in this development. The main objective of this study was to analyze the problems being faced by the extension service and to explore the type of extension service suitable for a traditional phase in the development of agriculture.
The On-Axis Magnetic Well and Mercier's Criterion for Arbitrary Stellarator Geometries
Creators: name: Kim, Patrick
name: Jorge, Rogerio
name: Dorland, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simplified analytical form of the on-axis magnetic well and Mercier's criterion for interchange instabilities for arbitrary three-dimensional magnetic field geometries is derived. For this purpose, a near-axis expansion based on a direct coordinate approach is used by expressing the toroidal magnetic flux in terms of powers of the radial distance to the magnetic axis. For the first time, the magnetic well and Mercier's criterion are then written as a one-dimensional integral with respect to the axis arclength. When compared with the original work of Mercier, the derivation here is presented using modern notation and in a more streamlined manner that highlights essential steps. Finally, these expressions are verified numerically using several quasisymmetric and non-quasisymmetric stellarator configurations including Wendelstein 7-X.
Laser ARPES, the sudden approximation, and quasiparticle-like peaks in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta
Creators: name: Koralek, J. D.
name: Douglas, J. F.
name: Plumb, N. C.
name: Sun, Z.
name: Fedorov, A.
name: Murnane, M.
name: Kapteyn, H.
name: Cundiff, S.
name: Aiura, Y.
name: Oka, K.
name: Eisaki, H.
name: Dessau, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new low photon energy regime of angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy is accessed with lasers and used to study the superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+delta. The low energy increases bulk sensitivity, reduces background, and improves resolution. With this we observe spectral peaks which are sharp on the scale of their binding energy - the clearest evidence yet for quasiparticles in the normal state. Crucial aspects of the data such as the dispersion, superconducting gaps, and the bosonic coupling kink and associated weight transfer are robust to a possible breakdown of the sudden approximation.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
IMPACT ANALYSIS OF SARA LEE'S CORPORATE RESTRUCTURING ON MICHIGAN'S TURKEY INDUSTRY AND SOUTHWEST MICHIGAN'S LOCAL ECONOMY
Creators: name: Burrows, Spencer Antonio
name: Burrows, Spencer Antonio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Agribusiness
Livestock Production/Industries

description: In 1998, the Sara Lee Corporation decided to restructure its value chain by diverging from manufacturing many of its products to outsourcing and concentrating its resources on developing and managing its brands. In light of this change, Bil Mar Foods, a subsidiary of Sara Lee located in Zeeland, Michigan, responsible for the processing of its packaged meat products such as hot dogs, shut down its turkey slaughter facilities and expanded into a full processing plant. The company also opted not to renew the expired production and marketing contracts of turkey growers and bought out the existing contracts of other growers. This action left turkey growers in the region without a market for their live birds. To assess the implications of Sara Lee's decision on the turkey growers in southwest Michigan and the effects on the local economy, an impact analysis using the statistical software Micro IMPLAN was conducted. Results show that shutting down the kill floor at Bil Mar will have an effect of approximately $65.5 million in total lost output and total lost employment in excess of 600 persons. This effect includes not only those persons in the industry directly impacted, but also those indirectly affected in other industries. As an option for redress, the formation of a cooperative, the Michigan Turkey Producers Cooperative (MTPC), will provide significant economic relief.
An adaptive scheme for the approximation of dissipative systems
Creators: name: Lemaire, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65C30, 60J60

description: We propose a new scheme for the long time approximation of a diffusion when the drift vector field is not globally Lipschitz. Under this assumption, regular explicit Euler scheme --with constant or decreasing step-- may explode and implicit Euler scheme are CPU-time expensive. The algorithm we introduce is explicit and we prove that any weak limit of the weighted empirical measures of this scheme is a stationary distribution of the stochastic differential equation. Several examples are presented including gradient dissipative systems and Hamiltonian dissipative systems.
COMPARISON OF METHODS FOR COLLECTING INPUT-OUTPUT FARM DATA: A CASE STUDY FROM THE MANDARA MOUNTAIN INTEGRATED RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT OF THE NORTHERN CAMEROON
Creators: name: Niang, Lamine
name: Niang, Lamine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Farm management research in developing countries originally focused on the collection and analysis of input-output type data obtained by survey methods for the purpose of improving resource allocation of individual farmers. More recently, with the belief that this has not been a cost effective approach for developing countries, farm management research has broadened its objectives to provide information to provide a stronger foundation micro-level data that may be used for policy analysis and decision-making. Some modifications of farm management research have been made to fit the situation in developing countries, usually by using more reliable (and more costly) methods, such as frequent visits for field measurement, for obtaining input-output data. The multiple visit method uses carefully designed interview schedules to be administered in repeated visits to participant households during a month and extending over a relevant period, such as a crop season or calendar year. The advantage of the multiple visit approach over other survey types is that less reliance is placed on a respondents ability to remember distant events. Two factors are critical in the design of a survey using the multiple visits method which affect the cost of collecting, processing and using information as well as its reliability. The first objective of this study is to describe the Mandara Area Development Project in Cameroon where these two methods (bi-weekly and one-shot survey) are used to collect input-output data at the farm level. The second objective will be an empirical assessment of the accepted views concerning the one-shot survey and the weekly or bi-weekly visits. Data collected from the Mandara Area Development Project in 1980 will be used. Labor and other input data were gathered by one-shot survey on a recall basis for specific crop enterprises for previous growing season. Labor data and other input data were collected on a bi-weekly basis for two crop and one animal enterprise currently operating on each farm. The third objective will be to prescribe, based upon the results of the study and empirical evidence from other studies, recommendations for collecting input-output farm data for economic planning and decision making for the developing countries, particularly for the African ones.
On NS5-brane instantons and volume stabilization
Creators: name: Looyestijn, Hugo
name: Vandoren, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study general aspects of NS5-brane instantons in relation to the stabilization of the volume modulus in Calabi-Yau compactifications of type II strings with fluxes, and their orientifold versions. These instantons correct the Kahler potential and generically yield significant contributions to the scalar potential at intermediate values of string coupling constant and volume. Under suitable conditions they yield uplifting terms that allow for meta--stable de Sitter vacua.
description: 29 pages, 3 figures; statements about fields G^a made more precise, added some clarifications, typos corrected
Elicitation to transcribe canoe-building interview
Creators: name: Rudolph, Johnny (Soni)
name: Ding, Lydia
name: Drummond, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: nkr

description: One .wav audio file for an elicitation to transcribe an interview about canoe-building and lexical elicitation based on that interview. Corresponds to pages 192-196 in Notebook 1.
Prospects of Agroforestry as Climate-smart Agricultural Strategy in Cocoa Landscapes: Perspectives of Farmers in Ghana
Creators: name: Arhin, Albert A.
name: Antoh, Ernestina F.
name: Edusah, Sampson
name: Obeng-Okah, Kwaku
name: Arhin, Albert A.
name: Antoh, Ernestina F.
name: Edusah, Sampson
name: Obeng-Okah, Kwaku
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: climate-smart agriculture
subject: reduicing carbon emissions
subject: agroforestry
subject: Ghana

description: Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) is increasingly being promoted by the international community to help farmers adapt to climate change and lift them out of poverty. An essential technique that is promoted under the climatemitigating smart agriculture policy package to reduce forest loss is agroforestry—the planting of woody plants or trees into farming systems. Integrating agroforesty into cocoa landscapes, it is argued, create forest-like habitats which serves as faunal refuges, sequester carbon and therefore contribute to increasing agricultural productivity, resilience (adaptation) and removal of greenhouse gas emissions. This article uses a qualitative data collected from 100 households in seven communities around the Kakum National Park in the Twifo Hemang Lower Denkyira District in Ghana, where a climate-smart agriculture programme is being piloted. The study analysed the extent of willingness of farmers to participate in interventions that promote increased adoption of agroforestry in cocoa landscapes. The result shows that though farmers have favourable perception about the role of agroforestry on cocoa systems, and are willing to adopt the practice, this does not automatically translate into their willingness to participate in agroforestry program that was asking them to extend the number of trees currently maintained on their cocoa landscapes. The study further reveals that size of farms, the age and height of cocoa trees, extension support and the general ecology of the cocoa varieties as some of the reasons influencing whether the agroforestry practices promoted could be adopted or not.
EXCHANGE RATE ARRANGEMENTS IN THE CFA FRANC ZONE: ALTERNATIVES TO FIXED PARITY
Creators: name: Dibley, David Leland
name: Dibley, David Leland
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: The CFA franc, currency for 13 West and Central African countries (the CFA zone), has been tied to the French franc via a fixed exchange rate arrangement since 1948. Proponents of the fixed parity rate argue that it provides price stability for the African countries, while opponents contend that it contributes to poor economic performance by sending incorrect signals to the domestic economy. Further, France's ability to maintain the current arrangement is uncertain in light of the approaching economic integration in Europe. After reviewing the history of the CFA zone, this paper assesses the appropriateness of the fixed rate arrangement for the zone, with emphasis placed on recent events, especially the1994 devaluation of the CFA franc. The paper then reviews alternative exchange rate arrangements for the CFA franc, and discusses their applicability in the setting of the CFA zone. The paper finds that a more flexible exchange rate arrangement, for example a peg to a common European currency, is appealing because it better reflects trade flows and may reduce exchange rate variability with non-CFA countries in West and Central Africa, thus aiding regional development.
SAMARQAND MADRASALARI VA UNDA UQITILGAN DINIY ILMLAR
Creators: name: Temirova Sevara Sayfiddinovna, Toshkent axborot texnalogiyalari universiteti Samarqand filiali Axborot Komunikatsiyasi sohasida kasb ta'limi fakulteti AKT 23.02-guruh talabasi
name: Ilmiy rahbar: X.U.Samatov
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu  maqolada  Samarqand  insoniyat  sivilizatsiyasida  muhim rol  uynagani,  tarix  sahifalarida  nomi  zarhal  harflar  bilan  yozilgan  va  uchmas  iz qoldirganligi,  Samarqand  ilm-fan,  ma’daniyat  va  san’at  beshigi,  ulug‘ vorlik, taraqqiyot  va  yuksalish  timsoli  ekanligi  tadqiq  etiladi.  Bundan  tashqari  O‘rta asrlarda faoliyat ko‘rsatgan madrasalar  va ularda o‘qitilgan fanlar haqida atroflicha ma’lumotlar beriladi.
Topological Nature of High Temperature Superconductivity
Creators: name: Diamantini, M. C.
name: Trugenberger, C. A.
name: Vinokur, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The key to unraveling the nature of high-temperature superconductivity (HTS) lies in resolving the enigma of the pseudogap state. The pseudogap state in the underdoped region is a distinct thermodynamic phase characterized by nematicity, temperature-quadratic resistive behavior, and magnetoelectric effects. Till present, a general description of the observed universal features of the pseudogap phase and their connection with HTS was lacking. The proposed work constructs a unifying effective field theory capturing all universal characteristics of HTS materials and explaining the observed phase diagram. The pseudogap state is established to be a phase where a charged magnetic monopole condensate confines Cooper pairs to form an oblique version of a superinsulator. The HTS phase diagram is dominated by a tricritical point (TCP) at which the first order transition between a fundamental Cooper pair condensate and a charged magnetic monopole condensate merges with the continuous superconductor-normal metal and superconductor-pseudogap state phase transitions. The universality of the HTS phase diagram reflects a unique topological mechanism of competition between the magnetic monopole condensate, inherent to antiferromagnetic-order-induced Mott insulators and the Cooper pair condensate. The obtained results establish the topological nature of the HTS and provide a platform for devising materials with the enhanced superconducting transition temperature.
The imprint of dark matter on the Galactic acceleration field
Creators: name: Arora, Arpit
name: Sanderson, Robyn E.
name: Chakrabarti, Sukanya
name: Wetzel, Andrew
name: Donlon, Thomas
name: Horta, Danny
name: Loebman, Sarah R.
name: Necib, Lina
name: Oeur, Micah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of the accelerations of stars enabled by time-series extreme-precision spectroscopic observations, from pulsar timing, and from eclipsing binary stars in the Solar Neighborhood offer insights into the mass distribution of the Milky Way that do not rely on traditional equilibrium modeling. Given the measured accelerations, we can determine a total mass density, and from this, by accounting for the mass in stars, gas, and dust, we can infer the amount of dark matter. Leveraging the FIRE-2 simulations of Milky Way-mass galaxies, we compare vertical acceleration profiles between cold dark matter (CDM) and self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) with constant cross-section of 1 cm$^2$ g$^{-1}$ across three halos with diverse assembly histories. Notably, significant asymmetries in vertical acceleration profiles near the midplane at fixed radii are observed in both CDM and SIDM, particularly in halos recently affected by mergers with satellites of Sagittarius/SMC-like masses or greater. These asymmetries offer a unique window into exploring the merger history of a galaxy. We show that SIDM halos consistently exhibit higher local stellar and dark matter densities and steeper vertical acceleration gradients, up to 30% steeper near the Solar Neighborhood. SIDM halos also manifest a more oblate halo shape in the Solar Neighborhood. Furthermore, enhanced precision in acceleration measurements and larger datasets promise to provide better constraints on the local dark matter density, complementing our understanding from kinematic analysis of their distribution within galaxies.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, and 2 tables. Submitted to APJ
Role of the cytoskeleton in basement membrane-induced mammary epithelial morphogenesis and differentiation
Creators: name: Somasiri, Aruna Mahendra
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Basement membrane-mediated mammary epithelial morphogenesis is characterized by both morphological changes to the cells and the induction of milk protein gene expression. When mammary epithelial cells are placed on a reconstituted basement membrane gel, they aggregate, pull the gel around them and cavitation takes place. During this morphogenic process, the cells undergo changes in shape, polarity and cell-cell junctions. In this thesis I have sought to identify the role of the three major cytoskeletal elements in theses changes and to determine their involvement in the associated induction of milk protein gene induction. When scp2 cells were placed on Matrigel, they formed polarized structures with a central lumen that resemble functional mammary alveolar in vivo. Within these "mammospheres" E-cadherin was localized to adherens junctions, occluding was localized to tight junctions and actin filaments formed an apical junction-associated network. These mammospheres differentiated and expressed two milk proteins: lactoferrin, which is transcriptionally regulated by cell rounding only and β-casein, which is transcriptionally regulated by α6β4 integrin-mediated morphogenic changes initiated by the ligation to laminin within the Matrigel. The cells cultured on Matrigel were treated with increasing concentrations of nocodazole (ND), acrylamide (Ac) and cytochalasin D (CD) for 4 hours and allowed to under go morphogenesis for 72 hours. All three disrupting agents prevented the cells from undergoing morphogenesis and inhibited differentiation. ND treatment inhibited the synthesis of both lactoferrin and fi-casein while Ac and CD treatments inhibited the β casein induction only. These observations suggested that ND was not specifically inhibiting differentiation by preventing morphogenesis. In contrast, Ac and CD appeared to inhibit differentiation in a morphogenesis-dependent manner. The α6β4 integrin becomes physically linked to keratin intermediate filaments after its ligation to laminin. Because α6β4 ligation also initiates apical/basal polarity, cells on Matrigel were treated with a short term high-dose of CD to completely disrupt factin and were then observed for a six day recovery period. The apical actin network and tight junctions were re-established first followed by the induction of β-casein. Therefore, keratin and actin appear to influence functional mammosphere formation by helping to initiate and maintain cell polarity.
Exothermic dark mesons in light of electron recoil excess at XENON1T
Creators: name: Choi, Soo-Min
name: Lee, Hyun Min
name: Zhu, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a novel mechanism to realize exothermic dark matter with dark mesons in the limit of approximate flavor symmetry in a dark QCD. We introduce a local dark $U(1)'$ symmetry to communicate between dark mesons and the Standard Model via $Z'$ portal by partially gauging the dark flavor symmetry with flavor-dependent charges for cancelling chiral anomalies in the dark sector. After the dark local $U(1)'$ is broken spontaneously by the VEV of a dark Higgs, there appear small mass splittings between dark quarks, consequently, leading to small split masses for dark mesons, required to explain the electron recoil excess in XENON1T by the inelastic scattering between dark mesons and electron. We propose a concrete benchmark model for split dark mesons based on $SU(3)_L\times SU(3)_R/ SU(3)_V$ flavor symmetry and $SU(N_c)$ color group and show that there exists a parameter space making a better fit to the XENON1T data with two correlated peaks from exothermic processes and satisfying the correct relic density, current experimental and theoretical constraints.
description: 28 pages, 4 figures, v2: Typos corrected, Version to be published in JHEP
Flipped SU(5) From D-branes With Type IIB Fluxes
Creators: name: Chen, Ching-Ming
name: Mayes, V. E.
name: Nanopoulos, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct flipped SU(5) GUT models as Type IIB flux vacua on $\Z_2\times \Z_2$ orientifolds. Turning on supergravity self-dual NSNS and RR three-form fluxes fixes the toroidal complex structure moduli and the dilaton. We give a specific example of a three-generation flipped SU(5) model with a complete Higgs sector where supersymmetry is softly broken by the supergravity fluxes in the closed string sector. All of the required Yukawa couplings are present if global U(1) factors resulting from a generalized Green-Schwarz mechanism are broken spontaneously or by world-sheet instantons. In addition, the model contains extra chiral and vector-like matter, potentially of mass $\mathcal{O}(M_{string})$ via trilinear superpotential couplings.
description: 17 pages, 5 tables, new refs added, typo corrected. accepted by PLB
Derivative four-fermion model, effective action and bumblebee generation
Creators: name: Araujo, R.
name: Mariz, T.
name: Nascimento, J. R.
name: Petrov, A. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the one-loop effective potential of a derivative four-fermion model. As a result, an exact bumblebee-like potential is radiatively generated. Afterwards, we generalize our study for a finite temperature case and explicitly demonstrate the possibility of phase transitions allowing for the restoration of the Lorentz symmetry. We also investigate the low-energy effective action, from which we obtain the usual kinetic term and the corresponding bumblebee potential.
description: 14 pages, version accepted to EPJ C
The FWHM of local pulses and the corresponding power-law index of gamma-ray burst FRED pulses
Creators: name: Jia, L. -W.
name: Qin, Y. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The FWHM of gamma-ray burst (GRB) pulses is known to be related with energy by a power-law. We wonder if the power-law index $α$ is related with the corresponding local pulse width $FWHM_0$. Seven FRED (fast rise and exponential decay) pulse GRBs are employed to study this issue, where six of them were interpreted recently by the relativistic curvature effect (the Doppler effect of fireballs) and the corresponding local pulses were intensely studied. A regression analysis shows an anti-correlation between $log α$ and $log FWHM_0$ with a slope of $-0.37\pm0.13$. This suggests that, for the class of the GRB pulses which are consequences of the curvature effect, the difference of the local pulse width might lead to the variation of the power law index, where the smaller the width the larger the value of $α$. Since the number of sources employed in this analysis is small, our result is only a preliminary one which needs to be confirmed by larger samples.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures. accepted by ApJL
Black hole inner horizon evaporation in semiclassical gravity
Creators: name: Barceló, Carlos
name: Boyanov, Valentin
name: Carballo-Rubio, Raúl
name: Garay, Luis J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we analyse the backreaction of a quantum field on a spherically symmetric black hole geometry with an inner horizon, i.e. an internal boundary of the trapped region. We start with a black hole background with an inner horizon which remains static after its formation. We quantise a massless scalar field on it and calculate its renormalised stress-energy tensor in the Polyakov approximation. We use this tensor as a source of perturbation on top of the background spacetime. We find that the inner horizon has a tendency to evaporate outward much more quickly than the outer one evaporates inward through the Hawking effect. This suggests a revised picture of a semiclassically self-consistent evaporation in which the dominant dynamical effect comes from the inner horizon. We also look at backreaction on backgrounds which resemble gravitational collapse, where the inner horizon moves toward the origin. There we find that, depending on the nature of the background dynamics, horizon-related semiclassical effects can become dominant and invert the collapse.
description: 33 pages, 9 figures; v2 generalises the formalism in sections 3 and 4 and fixes a minor mistake (conclusions remain unchanged)
Locally distinguishing a maximally entangled basis using shared entanglement
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Somshubhro
name: Russo, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of distinguishing between the elements of a bipartite maximally entangled orthonormal basis using local operations and classical communication (LOCC) and a partially entangled state acting as a resource. We derive an exact formula for the optimum success probability and find that it corresponds to the fully entangled fraction of the resource state. The derivation consists of two steps: First, we consider a relaxation of the problem by replacing LOCC with positive-partial-transpose (PPT) measurements and establish an upper bound on the success probability as the solution of a semidefinite program, and then show that this upper bound is achieved by a teleportation-based LOCC protocol. This further implies that separable and PPT measurements provide no advantage over LOCC for this task. We also present lower and upper bounds on the success probability for distinguishing the elements of an incomplete orthonormal maximally entangled basis in the same setup.
description: 15 pages; v2: 24 pages, published version - title and abstract slightly modified, a new section discussing the case of an incomplete basis, and other edits for clarity
AN OCTOBER PREDICTION OF THE DETROIT NOVEMBER PRICE FOR EGGS AT THE WHOLESALE LEVEL
Creators: name: Lee, Moon K.
name: Lee, Moon K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Livestock Production/Industries

description: The primary objective of this study is to formulate a multiple regression equation for predicting the November average price of Grade A, white, large eggs delivered in Detroit, Michigan. To accomplish the objective, several equations will be tried. The equation with the highest predicting power will be chosen to predict November price in 1970 as of October of that year. October was chosen on the basis that October price difference between medium and large size affected the November price considerable. Therefore, the factor just could not be dropped. The secondary objective in the study is to examine demand elasticities for eggs. Egg producers and policy makers may have the base in making decisions if egg marketing order is ineffective in the future.
Leading-Color Two-Loop QCD Corrections for Three-Photon Production at Hadron Colliders
Creators: name: Abreu, S.
name: Page, B.
name: Pascual, E.
name: Sotnikov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the two-loop helicity amplitudes for the production of three photons at hadron colliders in QCD at leading-color. Using the two-loop numerical unitarity method coupled with analytic reconstruction techniques, we obtain the decomposition of the two-loop amplitudes in terms of master integrals in analytic form. These expressions are valid to all orders in the dimensional regulator. We use them to compute the two-loop finite remainders, which are given in a form that can be efficiently evaluated across the whole physical phase space. We further package these results in a public code which assembles the helicity-summed squared two-loop remainders, whose numerical stability across phase-space is demonstrated. This is the first time that a five-point two-loop process is publicly available for immediate phenomenological applications.
description: Minor text changes, updated references, and a typo fix. Matches the published version
Are non-magnetic mechanisms such as temporal solar diameter variations conceivable for an irradiance variability?
Creators: name: Rozelot, J. P.
name: Lefebvre, S.
name: Pireaux, S.
name: Ajabshirizadeh, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Irradiance variability has been monitored from space for more than two decades. Even if data are coming from different sources, it is well established that a temporal variability exists which can be set to as approximately 0.1%, in phase with the solar cycle. Today, one of the best explanation for such an irradiance variability is provided by the evolution of the solar surface magnetic fields. But if some 90 to 95% can be reproduced, what would be the origin of the 10 to 5% left? Non magnetic effects are conceivable. In this paper we will consider temporal variations of the diameter of the Sun as a possible contributor for the remaining part. Such an approach imposes strong constraints on the solar radius variability. We will show that over a solar cycle, variations of no more than 20 mas of amplitude can be considered. Such a variability (far from what is reported by observers conducting measurements by means of ground-based solar astrolabes) may explain a little part of the irradiance changes not explained by magnetic features. Further requirements are needed that may help to reach a conclusion. Dedicated space missions are necessary (for example PICARD, GOLF-NG or SDO, scheduled for a launch around 2008); it is also proposed to reactivate SDS flights for such a purpose.
description: 8 pages, 2 eps figures, published in Solar Physics
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MILK PRODUCTION SUBSECTOR AND SUPPLY RESPONSE OF DAIRY PRODUCERS TO GOVERNMENT POLICIES AND MARKET CONDITIONS IN COLOMBIA, SOUTH AMERICA
Creators: name: Meza, Ernesto Rincon
name: Meza, Ernesto Rincon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Livestock Production/Industries

description: During the last decade there has been increasing concern in Colombia with respect to the inability of the dairy production industry to respond in the short run to the internal demand for milk, with greater volumes and improved quality of the product. This situation has become evident by the low level of consumption of milk estimated to be 73.4 liter of milk/person/year by the National Institute of Welfare, far below the normal requirement estimated to be 143 liter/person/year. This situation seems to be aggravated by the trend in the population growth in already populated consumption centers, the low purchasing power of the low income groups, and the slow increment in milk production. However, and in spite of, the governments effort to close the gap between supply and demand through different types of price policies, supply lags behind the increasing demand and has forced the government of Colombia to import powdered milk to satisfy the internal demand, especially in the urban areas. In Colombia most of the milk is produced by specialized enterprises, mainly located in cold areas of the country and close to the consumption centers. These areas of production are the ones where productivity gains can be made to meet the increasing demand. However, this potential can be diminished due to low market incentives, inadequate government policies, or other reasons that need to be investigated. These reasons and the present government policies to reach deprived target groups indicate the need to undertake a comprehensive analysis of the production and first handler of milk, in the areas of Boyaca and Cundinamarca, which explains the reason for the low level of performances of the production part of the dairy subsector. It is important, however, to indicate that an increase in supply occurs at the end of the year due to the effect of the rainy season. However, a decrease in demand evolves by the same period due to the school vacation period. This trend in demand and supply leads to a milk surplus with lower prices during the same period.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF COSTS AND RETURNS TO CATTLE VERSUS SMALL RUMINANT PRODUCTION IN GAO REGION OF MALI
Creators: name: Toure, Mariam
name: Toure, Mariam
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: The Gao region located in the northeastern part of Mali was the largest producer of both large and small ruminants in the country before the drought of 1972-1974. Since then, particular trends have been observed in livestock production: (a) small ruminant herds almost reached their pre-drought level in 1976, whereas cattle herds were at 23 percent of their pre-drought level; (b) in 1976-1977, local consumption of small ruminants attained their highest level of the 1970's, whereas cattle consumption decreased at least by a factor of four; and (c) exports of sheep and goats have increased after the drought, while cattle exports are almost nil. These trends suggest that herders have shifted from cattle to sheep and goat production at least during the post-drought period. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the economic reasons for the shift to small ruminant production. It consists of comparing costs and returns of producing cattle, and sheep and goats on one square kilometer of range typical of the Gao region. The study also analyzes the prospects of small ruminants in Gao, and identifies the possible constraints to their expansion.
Universal Role of Combined Symmetry for the Protection of the Dirac Cone in Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulators
Creators: name: Honma, Asuka
name: Kabeya, Noriyuki
name: Souma, Seigo
name: Wang, Yongjian
name: Yamauchi, Kunihiko
name: Nakayama, Kosuke
name: Takane, Daichi
name: Ozawa, Kenichi
name: Kitamura, Miho
name: Horiba, Koji
name: Kumigashira, Hiroshi
name: Oguchi, Tamio
name: Takahashi, Takashi
name: Kimura, Noriaki
name: Ando, Yoichi
name: Sato, Takafumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Antiferromagnetic topological insulators (AF TIs) are predicted to exhibit exotic physical properties such as gigantic optical and topological magnetoelectric responses. While a key to achieving such phenomena relies on how to break the symmetry protecting the Dirac-cone surface state (SS) and acquire the mass of Dirac fermions, the mechanism has yet to be clarified. To address this issue, we carried out micro-focused angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy for GdBi hosting the type-II AF order, and uncovered the stripe-type 2$\times$1 reconstruction of the Fermi surface associated with the AF band folding. Intriguingly, in contrast to NdBi with the type-I AF order displaying the surface-selective Dirac-fermion mass, GdBi shows massless behavior irrespective of AF domains due to the robust topological protection. These results strongly suggest a crucial role of the ThetaTD (time-reversal and translational) symmetry to create the Dirac-fermion mass in AF TIs.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures
On finiteness of some verbal subgroups in profinite groups
Creators: name: Azevedo, João
name: Shumyatsky, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E26, 20F45, 20F10

description: Given a group word $w$ and a group $G$, the set of $w$-values in $G$ is denoted by $G_w$ and the verbal subgroup $w(G)$ is the one generated by $G_w$. In the present paper we consider profinite groups admitting a word $w$ such that the cardinality of $G_w$ is less than $2^{\aleph_0}$ and $w(G)$ is generated by finitely many $w$-values. For several families of words $w$ we show that under these assumptions $w(G)$ must be finite. Our results are related to the concept of conciseness of group words.
description: Some minor changes
Overview of the most prevalent metabolic syndrome component causing more sexual dysfunction in postmenopausal women
Creators: name: Lima, Sonia Maria Rolim Rosa
name: Silva, Gustavo Maximiliano Dutra Da
name: Chechter, Michelle
name: Reis, Benedito Fabiano Dos
name: Macruz, Carolina Furtado
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Introduction:Several studies have demonstrated the great impact of the climacteric on sexual function, which can lead to dysfunctions and important changes in women’s health.The interest in studying the sexual function of female patients diagnosed with Metabolic Syndrome(MetS) has been recent, and researchers point out to the fact that there exist few studies focusing on the female sexuality.Objective:To realize overview of the most prevalent MetS component item causing more sexual dysfunction (SD) in postmenopausal women. Methods:This is a case-control study. The group consisted of postmenopausal women that usually seek treatment at the Santa Casa de São Paulo Medical School, in the period between February 2011 and February 2013. The women considered as being postmenopausal were those with amenorrhea ≥ 1 year and FSH ≥30mUI/mL. The MetS diagnosis was determined by following the guidelines defined by the ATP III (Adult Treatment Panel): (1) Abdominal circumference ≥88cm; (2) HDL-cholesterol ≤50mg/dL; (3) triglycerides ≥150mg/dL; (4) arterial blood pressure ≥130/85mmHg; and (5) fasting glucose ≥110mg/dL. The women considered as carrying MetS were those with at least three of the components described. The assessment of their sexual function was performed by using the FSFI. Postmenopausal women with an active sexual life were included in the study and submitted to standardized anamnesis. Results: All of the MetS diagnosis components, including systemic arterial hypertension(SAH), when analyzed separately by the Chi-square test, were associated with higher levels of SD, with significant differences found in the Study and Control Groups (p <0.001). Conclusion: When we analyze the diagnostic parameters for MetS we find significant differences when we compare them with those from the control group in all these aspects. We observed that some factors have already been singly described in the literature as risk factors. In our study, however, all of them had an important role, which led us to understand that MetS is the main predictor of SD when it is compared to any isolated component of the syndrome.