Xiruana bifida Oliveira & Brescovit, 2015, new species
Creators: name: Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M.
name: Brescovit, Antonio D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Anyphaenidae
Xiruana
Xiruana bifida

description: Xiruana bifida new species
Figs 8 A–H; 16A
Type material. Male holotype from Fazenda Cesumar, Maringá (23°25’30”S; 51°56’20”W), Paraná, Brazil, XII.2007 – III.2008, E.G.C. Silva leg., deposited in IBSP 134132; female paratype from São Miguel do Oeste (26°43’30”S; 53°31’04”W), Santa Catarina, Brazil, III.2004 – VII.2004, J. Barp leg., deposited in IBSP 79217.
Etymology. The specific name is a Latin adjective referring to the conspicuous bifurcation of the male palpal median tibial apophysis.
Diagnosis. Males of Xiruana bifida n. sp. differ from others in the genus by the palp having an extremely large embolar base (Fig. 8 A) and the median tibial apophysis having two long branches (Figs 8 E, F). Females are readily recognizable by the epigynal anterior border with the same length as the posterior border and by the large, straight borders of the median septum (Fig. 8 G).
Description. Male (IBSP 134132). Coloration as in X. hirsuta. Total length 7.7, carapace length 3.2, width 2.5. Clypeus height 0.12. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.12, ALE 0.14, PME 0.14, PLE 0.12; AME–AME 0.06, AME–ALE 0.04, PME–PME 0.18, PME–PLE 0.12, ALE–PLE 0.05. Chelicerae 1.5 long, with five promarginal teeth and five retromarginal denticles. Leg measurements: Leg I—femur 3.5/ patella 1.5/ tibia 4.1/ metatarsus 3.65/ tarsus 1.6/ total 14.35; II—3.2/ 1.35/ 3.4/ 3.1/ 1.2/ 12.25; III—2.6/ 1.0/ 1.9/ 2.3/ 0.8/ 8.6; IV—3.7/ 1.3/ 3.15/ 4.23/ 1.0/ 13.38. Leg spination: I—tibia p1-1-0; II—tibia p1-1-0, metatarsus v2-1 -0; III—tibia v1-2 -2; IV—tibia p1-1-1, r1-1-1. Palp: retrolateral tibial apophysis with long anterior branch and short posterior branch (Figs 8 D–F); median apophysis enlarged distally and sinuous at apex (Figs 8 B, C). Abdomen: length 4.0, epigastric furrow 0.45 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 2.1 from base of spinnerets.
Female (IBSP 79217). Coloration as in male. Total length 9.4, carapace length 3.8, width 3.0. Clypeus height 0.12. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.16, ALE 0.14, PME 0.14, PLE 0.14; AME–AME 0.08, AME–ALE 0.04, PME–PME 0.20, PME–PLE 0.15, ALE–PLE 0.04. Chelicerae 2.3 long, with four promarginal teeth and six retromarginal denticles. Leg measurements: Leg I—femur 3.4/ patella 1.6/ tibia 3.6/ metatarsus 3.0/ tarsus 1.2/ total 12.8; II—3.3/ 1.6/ 3.1/ 2.63/ 1.2/ 11.83; III—2.6/ 1.2/ 1.9/ 2.3/ 0.8/ 8.8; IV—3.7/ 1.35/ 3.1/ 4.1/ 0.9/ 13.15. Leg spination: I—tibia v2-2 -0, p0, r0, metatarsus v2 -0-0, p0, r0; II—tibia v2-2 -0, p1-1-0, r0, metatarsus v2 -0-0, p0, r0; III—metatarsus p1-0-1, r1-0-1; IV—tibia p1-0-1, r1-0-1. Abdomen: length 5.59, epigastric furrow 0.8 from tracheal spiracle, spiracle 2.59 from base of spinnerets. Epigynum: copulatory ducts curved distally; seminal receptacles next to the spermathecae, with short ducts, fertilization ducts shorter than spermathecae (Figs G, H).
Variation. Males (n = 8): total length 7.3–10.0; carapace 3.1–4.3; femur I 3.5–4.7.
Other material examined. BRAZIL, São Paulo: Ribeirão Preto, (21°10’40”S; 47°48’36”W), Campus UNESP, 1♂, 13.XI.2003 - 05.I.2004, H. F. Mendes; C. M. Polegatto leg. (IBSP 58158); São Paulo (23°32’51”S; 46°38’10”W), Nova Europa, Fazenda Itaquerê, 1♂, 23.XI.1963, K. Lenko leg. (MZSP 9945). PARAGUAY. Asunción: (25°16'55.91"S; 57°38' 6.36W), Jardín Botánico, 1♂, 1#J, (ZMB 2335); 2♂, 1#J, (ZMB 2434); 1♂, (ZMB 2353); 1♂, (ZMB 3765); 1♂, 1♀, 1#J, (ZMB 3739), all collected by K. Fiebrig.
Distribution. Southeast and South Brazil, Central Paraguay (Fig. 16 A).
description: Published as part of Oliveira, Luiz Fernando M. & Brescovit, Antonio D., 2015, A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical spider genus Xiruana Brescovit 1997 (Araneae: Anyphaenidae, Anyphaeninae), pp. 201-229 in Zootaxa 3980 (2) on pages 214-216, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3980.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/242229