cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gene targeting approaches to complex genetic diseases: atherosclerosis and essential hypertension.
Creators: name: Smithies, O.
name: Maeda, N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: Gene targeting allows precise, predetermined changes to be made in a chosen gene in the mouse genome. To date, targeting has been used most often for generation of animals completely lacking the product of a gene of interest. The resulting "knockout" mice have confirmed some hypotheses, have upset others, but have rarely been uninformative. Models of several human genetic diseases have been produced by targeting--including Gaucher disease, cystic fibrosis, and the fragile X syndrome. These diseases are primarily determined by defects in single genes, and their modes of inheritance are well understood. When the disease under study has a complex etiology with multiple genetic and environmental components, the generation of animal models becomes more difficult but no less valuable. The problems associated with dissecting out the individual genetic factors also increases substantially and the distinction between causation and correlation is often difficult. To prove causation in a complex system requires rigorous adherence to the principle that the experiments must allow detection of the effects of changing only a single variable at one time. Gene targeting experiments, when properly designed, can test the effects of a precise genetic change completely free from the effects of differences in any other genes (linked or unlinked to the test gene). They therefore allow proofs of causation.
title: D9.1 EU-IBISBA Implementation plan
Creators: name: Debeche, Sonia
Publisher: name: IBISBAHub
Year: 2023

description: IBISBA is a distributed research infrastructure designed to support the development of industrial biotechnology in Europe and worldwide, as an enabling technology of the circular bioeconomy. Accordingly, IBISBA provides a range of services frequently attributed to research infrastructures, while aiming to support end-to-end bioprocess development, nurturing strong interoperability between its members to achieve this. IBISBA entered the ESFRI Roadmap in 2018 as a research infrastructure project. Currently, it is in the final stage of its preparatory phase (Dec 2023) and thus preparing its move to implementation phase. The aim during this next phase is to deliver the future legal entity, which will be an ERIC. The current deliverable relates to the implementation plan to deliver IBISBA-ERIC. It is based on an indicative timeline, which might change depending on the progress of the project, and on the approval of Member States acting through the Steering Committee. It covers the period starting from mid-term project (2022: the choice of ERIC as the preferred legal entity option approved) until the creation of the legal entity (2027: early phase implementation). Finally, this document also serves as an overall PREP-IBISBA (even IBISBA 1.0) summary, listing the main results of the preparatory phase. The implementation plan aims to address three key challenges: (1) provide a viable route to RI sustainability, (2) define the means to devise and test robust business processes and, (3) organise the strategic positioning of IBISBA in a multi-stakeholder context. It is organised in 6 main sections and 33 actions: - Secure funding - Define the Ruling framework: setting all internal rules to operate IBISBA as a future ERIC - Define the Operating framework: organising all processes to support IBISBA distributed research infrastructure - Pre-implementation shift: transitioning from an interim organisation and governance to the ERIC final target - Launch the legal entity process: the regulatory process and steps to create an ERIC - Maintain scientific excellence and strategic positioning: supporting IBISBA’s rationale
Genetic Insights into the Population Connectivity, Biogeography, and Management of Fisheries-Important Spiny Lobsters (Palinuridae)
Creators: name: Farhadi, Ahmad
name: Vazirzadeh, Arya
name: Jeffs, Andrew G.
name: Lavery, Shane D.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Spiny lobster species are ecologically important and highly prized as seafood globally. Populations of spiny lobsters have been impacted by overfishing, the harvesting of juveniles for seeding aquaculture, the spread of virulent disease, and declines in recruitment and natural habitat. Many spiny lobster populations cover vast geographic ranges, maintained via ocean-going larval dispersal, which makes effective management challenging. Determining the genetic structure and phylogeographic boundaries are important in fisheries and aquaculture for defining appropriate units for management or breeding. Nevertheless, the common patterns of biogeographic distribution and connectivity of spiny lobster populations are generally not well understood. This review summarizes recent genetic advances in our understanding of these patterns and presents several meta-analyses to help discern the common processes driving them. Due to the probable link between biogeographic patterns among species and phylogeographic patterns within species, the spatial patterns of recent genetic stock divergence were investigated with the assistance of a new comprehensive and time-calibrated phylogeny for palinurids. Meta-analyses of biogeographic and phylogeographic patterns were used to identify common patterns of genetic stock divergence. A model is proposed that synthesizes the current understanding of the common processes of divergence of palinurid genetic lineages, emphasizing the importance of allopatry, ecological adaptation, and changing patterns of connectivity over time. Overall, the results highlight the importance of major biogeographic boundaries in structuring spiny lobster stocks over a broad scale, while oceanographic features and stochasticity dominate at smaller scales. These insights will assist the management of spiny lobster fisheries and aquaculture development, by better identifying and understanding the genetic units expected to be most appropriate for management and breeding, even in those species that have not yet received intensive genetic study.
Genetic control of blood pressure and the angiotensinogen locus.
Creators: name: Krege, J. H.
name: Smithies, O.
name: Kim, H. S.
name: Jennette, J. C.
name: Coffman, T. M.
name: Best, C. F.
name: Kluckman, K. D.
name: Maeda, N.
name: Hagaman, J. R.
name: Hodgin, J. B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: Variants of the human angiotensinogen gene have been linked in some studies to increased circulating angiotensinogen levels and essential hypertension. To test for direct causality between genotypes at the angiotensinogen locus and blood pressures, we have studied mice carrying zero, one, two, three, or four functional copies of the murine wild-type angiotensinogen gene (Agt) at its normal chromosomal location. Plasma angiotensinogen levels increase progressively, although not linearly, from zero in the zero-copy animals to 145% of normal in the four-copy animals. Mice of all genotypes are normal at birth, but most zero-copy animals die before weaning. The kidneys of the zero-copy animals show pathological changes as adults, but the kidneys are normal in the other genotypes. One adult zero-copy male tested was fertile. The blood pressures of the one-copy through four-copy animals show significant and almost linear increases of approximately 8 mmHg per gene copy despite their normal compensatory mechanisms being intact. These results establish a direct causal relationship between Agt genotypes and blood pressures.
Electron-neutron scattering and transport properties of neutron stars
Creators: name: Bertoni, Bridget
name: Reddy, Sanjay
name: Rrapaj, Ermal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that electrons can couple to the neutron excitations in neutron stars and find that this can limit their contribution to the transport properties of dense matter, especially the shear viscosity. The coupling between electrons and neutrons is induced by protons in the core, and by ions in the crust. We calculate the effective electron-neutron interaction for the kinematics of relevance to the scattering of degenerate electrons at high density. We use this interaction to calculate the electron thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and shear viscosity in the neutron star inner crust, and in the core where we consider both normal and superfluid phases of neutron-rich matter. In some cases, particularly when protons are superconducting and neutrons are in their normal phase, we find that electron-neutron scattering can be more important than the other scattering mechanisms considered previously.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Mice deficient in cystathionine beta-synthase: animal models for mild and severe homocyst(e)inemia.
Creators: name: Reddick, R.
name: Maeda, N.
name: Watanabe, M.
name: Malinow, M. R.
name: Osada, J.
name: Aratani, Y.
name: Kluckman, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: Studies by various investigators have indicated that elevated levels of plasma homocyst(e)ine are strongly associated with the occurrence of occlusive vascular diseases. With the eventual aim of determining whether or not elevated plasma homocyst(e)ine concentrations are directly causative of cardiovascular diseases, we have generated mice that are moderately and severely homocyst(e)inemic. Homologous recombination in mouse embryonic stem cells was used to inactivate the cystathionine beta-synthase [L-serine hydrolyase (adding homocysteine), EC 4.2.1.22] gene. Homozygous mutants completely lacking cystathionine beta-synthase were born at the expected frequency from matings of heterozygotes, but they suffered from severe growth retardation and a majority of them died within 5 weeks after birth. Histological examination showed that the hepatocytes of homozygotes were enlarged, multinucleated, and filled with microvesicular lipid droplets. Plasma homocyst(e)ine levels of the homozygotes were approximately 40 times normal. These mice, therefore, represent a model for severe homocyst(e)inemia resulting from the complete lack of cystathionine beta-synthase. Heterozygous mutants have approximately 50% reduction in cystathionine beta-synthase mRNA and enzyme activity in the liver and have twice normal plasma homocyst(e)ine levels. Thus, the heterozygous mutants are promising for studying the in vivo role of elevated levels of homocyst(e)ine in the etiology of cardiovascular diseases.
MPEC 2023-U267 : 2023 UM9
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 UM9

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Synthesis, antifungal activity, and 3d-QSAR study of L-carvone-based pyrazole-oxime ester compounds
Creators: name: Liu, Xinyan
name: Duan, Wengui
name: Lin, Guishan
name: Li, Baoyu
name: Cui, Yucheng
name: Zhang, Zhaolei
name: Yang, Maofang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Natural products can provide versatile substructures with potential bioactivity and biocompatibility for exploring bioactive compounds. Herein, to explore novel natural product-derived antifungal agents, 21 unreported L -carvone-based pyrazole-oxime ester compounds 6a-6u were synthesised using L-carvone as raw material, and structurally characterised by means of FT-IR,1H NMR,13C NMR, and HRMS. The results of the in vitro bioactivity tests showed that the target compounds exhibited certain antifungal activity against the eight tested plant fungi at the concentration of 50 mg/L, especially for Physalospora piricola. The inhibition rates of compounds 6e (R = m-Cl) and 6c (R = m-F) against P. piricola were 88.3% and 83.9%, respectively, both better than that of the positive control chlorothalonil. Compound 6e (R= m-Cl) with the most significant antifungal activity deserves further investigation as the potential leading compound. In addition, the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of the target compounds were investigated by establishing an effective three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) model.
HST/COS detection of a Ne VIII absorber towards PG 1407+265: An unambiguous tracer of collisionally ionized hot gas?
Creators: name: Hussain, Tanvir
name: Muzahid, Sowgat
name: Narayanan, Anand
name: Srianand, Raghunathan
name: Wakker, Bart P.
name: Charlton, Jane C.
name: Pathak, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of Ne VIII in a z_abs = 0.59961 absorber towards the QSO PG 1407+265 (z_em = 0.94). Besides Ne VIII, absorption from HI Lyman series lines (HI 1025 - 915), several other low (C II, N II, O II, and S II), intermediate (C III, N III, N IV, O III, S IV, and S V) and high (S VI, O VI, and Ne VIII) ionization metal lines are detected. Disparity in the absorption line kinematics between different ions implies that the absorbing gas comprises of multiple ionization phases. The low and the intermediate ions (except S V) trace a compact (~ 410 pc), metal-rich (Z ~ Z_sun) and over-dense (log n_H ~ -2.6) photoionized region that sustained star-formation for a prolonged period. The high ions, Ne VIII and O VI, can be explained as arising in a low density (-5.3 < log n_H < -5.0), metal-rich (Z > Z_sun) and diffuse (~ 180 kpc) photoionized gas. The S V, S VI and C IV (detected in the FOS spectrum) require an intermediate photoionization phase with -4.2 < log n_H < -3.5. Alternatively, a pure collisional ionization model, as used to explain the previous known Ne VIII absorbers, with 5.65 < log T < 5.72, can reproduce the S VI, O VI, and Ne VIII column densities simultaneously in a single phase. However, even such models require an intermediate phase to reproduce any observable S V and/or C IV. Therefore, we conclude that when multiple phases are present, the presence of Ne VIII is not necessarily an unambiguous indication of collisionally ionized hot gas.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables (MNRAS accepted on 28th Oct. 2014)
Mice lacking inducible nitric oxide synthase are not resistant to lipopolysaccharide-induced death.
Creators: name: Smithies, O.
name: Shesely, E. G.
name: Sherman, P. A.
name: Laubach, V. E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: Nitric oxide produced by cytokine-inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is thought to be important in the pathogenesis of septic shock. To further our understanding of the role of iNOS in normal biology and in a variety of inflammatory disorders, including septic shock, we have used gene targeting to generate a mouse strain that lacks iNOS. Mice lacking iNOS were indistinguishable from wild-type mice in appearance and histology. Upon treatment with lipopolysaccharide and interferon gamma, peritoneal macrophages from the mutant mice did not produce nitric oxide measured as nitrite in the culture medium. In addition, lysates of these cells did not contain iNOS protein by immunoblot analysis or iNOS enzyme activity. In a Northern analysis of total RNA, no iNOS transcript of the correct size was detected. No increases in serum nitrite plus nitrate levels were observed in homozygous mutant mice treated with a lethal dose of lipopolysaccharide, but the mutant mice exhibited no significant survival advantage over wild-type mice. These results show that lack of iNOS activity does not prevent mortality in this murine model for septic shock.
Additional file 1 of Patient values in patient-provider communication about participation in early phase clinical cancer trials: a qualitative analysis before and after implementation of an online value clarification tool intervention
Creators: name: van Lent, Liza G. G.
name: van der Ham, Mirte
name: de Jonge, Maja J. A.
name: Gort, Eelke H.
name: van Mil, Marjolein
name: Hasselaar, Jeroen
name: van der Rijt, Carin C. D.
name: van Gurp, Jelle
name: van Weert, Julia C. M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file1: Supplementary table 1. Final codebook (i.e. additions and changes to the initial codebook are italicized).
Analisis de los resultados obtenidos.docx
Creators: name: Fernández Remesal, Ángela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390199
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy not elsewhere classified

description: Análisis de los resultados obtenidos a través de diferentes pruebas para conocer el nivel de lectoescritura y el nivel de autoconcepto del alumnado de segundo de educación primaria
Deficient Reasoning for Dark Matter in Galaxies
Creators: name: Feng, James Q.
name: Gallo, C. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astronomers have been using the measured luminosity to estimate the {\em luminous mass} of stars, based on empirically established mass-to-light ratio which seems to be only applicable to a special class of stars---the main-sequence stars---with still considerable uncertainties. Another basic tool to determine the mass of a system of stars or galaxies comes from the study of their motion, as Newton demonstrated with his law of gravitation, which yields the {\em gravitational mass}. Because the luminous mass can at best only represent a portion of the gravitational mass, finding the luminous mass to be different or less than the gravitational mass should not be surprising. Using such an apparent discrepancy as a compelling evidence for the so-called dark matter, which has been believed to possess mysterious nonbaryonic properties and present a dominant amount in galaxies and the universe, seems to be too far a stretch when seriously examining the facts and uncertainties in the measurement techniques. In our opinion, a galaxy with star type distribution varying from its center to edge may have a mass-to-light ratio varying accordingly. With the thin-disk model computations based on measured rotation curves, we found that most galaxies have a typical mass density profile that peaks at the galactic center and decreases rapidly within $\sim 5%$ of the cut-off radius, and then declines nearly exponentially toward the edge. The predicted mass density in the Galactic disk is reasonably within the reported range of that observed in interstellar medium. This leads us to believe that ordinary baryonic matter can be sufficient for supporting the observed galactic rotation curves; speculation of large amount of non-baryonic matter may be based on an ill-conceived discrepancy between gravitational mass and luminous mass which appears to be unjustified.
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF ABIOTIC AND BIOTIC STRESS ON THE GROWTH DEVELOPMENT AND SECONDARY METABOLISM OF MEDICINAL PLANT SPECIES
Creators: name: NANAYAKKARAWASAM MASACHCHIGE, CHANDRIKA NIRANJALA NANAYAKKAR
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2012

description: Achillea collina Becker ex Rchb., a medicinal plant rich in volatile compounds, was used to study the effects of biotic and abiotic stresses over plant growth and secondary metabolism. Biotic stress was induced by Myzus persiceae Sulzer and Macrosiphoniella millefolii (De Geer ), a generalist and specialist aphid species respectively. Abiotic stress was caused by mechanical damages provoked by a pin and a specially built equipment which apply a controlled and extended pressure to the plants. Plant growth and volatile compounds emissions were evaluated in the different experimental conditions analyzed. The effect of jasmonic acid on the plant volatile fingerprint was also evaluated. The volatile emission patterns obtained in the different conditions were compared in order to have suggestions regarding the metabolic pathways activated in each situation. Furthermore pea (Pisum sativum L.) and peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch) volatile fingerprints due to M. persicae infestation were analyzed and compared to those obtained from A. collina. The comparison of the results lead to the identification of volatile compounds induced only by the aphids in all the plant species studied, suggesting the activation of a common metabolic pathway due to infestation. Preliminary molecular approach seems to confirm pytochemical data.
Multiple calcium channel transcripts in rat osteosarcoma cells: selective activation of alpha 1D isoform by parathyroid hormone.
Creators: name: Friedman, P. A.
name: Froehner, S. C.
name: Gesek, F. A.
name: Barry, E. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: Osteoblasts express calcium channels that are thought to be involved in the transduction of extracellular signals regulating bone metabolism. The molecular identity of the pore-forming subunit (alpha 1) of L-type calcium channel(s) was determined in rat osteosarcoma UMR-106 cells, which express an osteoblast phenotype. A homology-based reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction cloning strategy was employed that used primers spanning the fourth domain. Three types of cDNAs were isolated, corresponding to the alpha 1S (skeletal), alpha 1C (cardiac), and alpha 1D (neuroendocrine) isoforms. In the transmembrane segment IVS3 and the extracellular loop formed by the IVS3-S4 linker, a single pattern of mRNA splicing was found that occurs in all three types of calcium channel transcripts. Northern blot analysis revealed an 8.6-kb mRNA that hybridized to the alpha 1C probe and 4.8- and 11.7-kb mRNAs that hybridized to the alpha 1S and alpha 1D probes. Antisense oligonucleotides directed to the calcium channel alpha 1D transcript, but not those directed to alpha 1S or alpha 1C transcripts, inhibited the rise of intracellular calcium induced by parathyroid hormone. However, alpha 1D antisense oligonucleotides had no effect on the accumulation of cAMP induced by parathyroid hormone. When L-type calcium channels were activated with Bay K 8644, antisense oligonucleotides to each of the three isoforms partially inhibited the rise of intracellular calcium. The present results provide evidence for the expression of three distinct calcium channel alpha 1-subunit isoforms in an osteoblast-like cell line. We conclude that the alpha 1D isoform is selectively activated by parathyroid hormone.
Essays in climate finance
Creators: name: Zeni, Federica
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: This thesis investigates the behaviour of firms in relation to \emph{climate-transition} events, so-called events that occur as part of the transition to a green economy to prevent climate change. The first chapter looks at the current development of the sustainable finance market to study how green securities should be optimally designed and whether measurement and information frictions can explain observed cross-sectional issuance patterns. The second chapter exploits a climate regulatory announcement to study how firms' beliefs about climate regulation affect their emissions abatement plans and how they interact with cross-firm reputation externalities. The third chapter makes use of an environmental policy implemented in the United Kingdom to study the cost-effectiveness of carbon pricing policies subject to carbon leakage risk and asymmetric information.
Land: Hoffnung und Schmerz (Rezensionen)
Creators: name: Zimmer-Winkel, Rainer
name: Reck, Norbert
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 43 Nr. 2 (2007): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 43, Heft 2
Mutations in the MSH3 gene preferentially lead to deletions within tracts of simple repetitive DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Creators: name: Petes, T. D.
name: Strand, M.
name: Earley, M. C.
name: Crouse, G. F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: Eukaryotic genomes contain tracts of DNA in which a single base or a small number of bases are repeated (microsatellites). Mutations in the yeast DNA mismatch repair genes MSH2, PMS1, and MLH1 increase the frequency of mutations for normal DNA sequences and destabilize microsatellites. Mutations of human homologs of MSH2, PMS1, and MLH1 also cause microsatellite instability and result in certain types of cancer. We find that a mutation in the yeast gene MSH3 that does not substantially affect the rate of spontaneous mutations at several loci increases microsatellite instability about 40-fold, preferentially causing deletions. We suggest that MSH3 has different substrate specificities than the other mismatch repair proteins and that the human MSH3 homolog (MRP1) may be mutated in some tumors with microsatellite instability.
Dynamical Casimir Effect in Quantum Information Processing
Creators: name: Benenti, Giuliano
name: D'Arrigo, Antonio
name: Siccardi, Stefano
name: Strini, Giuliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate, in the regime of ultrastrong matter-field coupling, the strong connection between the dynamical Casimir effect (DCE) and the performance of quantum information protocols. Our results are illustrated by means of a realistic quantum communication channel and show that the DCE is a fundamental limit for quantum computation and communication and that novel schemes are required to implement ultrafast and reliable quantum gates. Strategies to partially counteract the DCE are also discussed.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Pex1, a pollen-specific gene with an extensin-like domain.
Creators: name: Bedinger, P. A.
name: Lowrey, K. B.
name: Rubinstein, A. L.
name: Broadwater, A. H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: We report here the identification of a pollen-specific gene from Zea mays that contains multiple Ser-(Pro)n repeats, the motif found in the cell wall-associated extensins. Sequence analysis reveals that the encoded protein has a putative globular domain at the N terminus and an extensin-like domain at the C terminus. The Pex1 (pollen extensin-like) gene is expressed exclusively in pollen, not in vegetative or female tissues, and is not induced in leaves upon wounding. We propose that the encoded protein may have a role in reproduction, either as a structural element deposited in the pollen tube wall during its rapid growth or as a sexual recognition molecule that interacts with partner molecules in the pistil.
Flavour-universal search for heavy neutral leptons with a deep neural network-based displaced jet tagger with the CMS experiment
Creators: name: Cepaitis, Vilius
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: This thesis describes a search for long-lived heavy neutral leptons using a dataset of 137/fb collected during the 2016-2018 proton-proton runs with the CMS detector. The search uses a final state containing two leptons and at least one hadronic jet. This is the first analysis at the Large Hadron Collider which considers universal mixing between the Standard Model and heavy neutral lepton species. The search makes heavy use of a deep neural network-based displaced jet tagging algorithm, originally developed to target heavy long-lived gluino decays. The tagger was trained on both simulation and proton-proton collision data using the domain adaptation technique, which significantly improved the modelling of its output in simulation. The tagger has excellent performance for a range of long-lived particle lifetimes and generalises well to various flavours of displaced jets. In this analysis, the backgrounds are estimated in an entirely data-driven manner. No evidence for heavy neutral leptons is observed, and upper limits are set for a wide range of heavy neutral lepton mass, lifetime, and mixing scenarios. This is the most sensitive search for heavy neutral leptons in the 1–12 GeV mass range to date.
Cosmological constant as confining U(1) charge in two-dimensional dilaton gravity
Creators: name: Grumiller, Daniel
name: McNees, Robert
name: Salzer, Jakob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmological constant is treated as a thermodynamical parameter in the framework of two-dimensional dilaton gravity. We find that the cosmological constant behaves as a U(1) charge with a confining potential, and that such potentials require a novel Born-Infeld boundary term in the action. The free energy and other thermodynamical quantities of interest are derived, from first principles, in a way that is essentially model-independent. We discover that there is always a Schottky anomaly in the specific heat and explain its physical origin. Finally, we apply these results to specific examples, like Anti-de Sitter-Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black holes, Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli black holes and the Jackiw-Teitelboim model.
description: 15pp
Eye tracking study: Effect of stimulus type and autism quotient score on visual scanning of faces
Creators: name: Guo, Guan Nan
name: Abel, Larry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Autistic Traits
Eye tracking
stimulus
Visual scanning
Gaze
Faces
Autism

description: This presentation highlights that different stimulus types would elicit different visual scanning response of faces. It also shows that autistic traits measured in typically developed individuals can affect visual scanning of faces similar to the responses found in autistic individuals.
Phosphorylated and unphosphorylated forms of human single-stranded DNA-binding protein are equally active in simian virus 40 DNA replication and in nucleotide excision repair.
Creators: name: Amin, A. A.
name: Hurwitz, J.
name: Pan, Z. Q.
name: Sancar, A.
name: Park, C. H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: The trimeric human single-stranded DNA-binding protein (HSSB; also called RP-A) plays an essential role in DNA replication, nucleotide excision repair, and homologous DNA recombination. The p34 subunit of HSSB is phosphorylated at the G1/S boundary of the cell cycle or upon exposure of cells to DNA damage-inducing agents including ionizing and UV radiation. We have previously shown that the phosphorylation of p34 is catalyzed by both cyclin-dependent kinase-cyclin A complex and DNA-dependent protein kinase. In this study, we investigated the effect of phosphorylation of p34 by these kinases on the replication and repair function of HSSB. We observed no significant difference with the unphosphorylated and phosphorylated forms of HSSB in the simian virus 40 DNA replication or nucleotide excision repair systems reconstituted with purified proteins. The phosphorylation status of the p34 subunit of HSSB was unchanged during the reactions. We suggest that the phosphorylated HSSB has no direct effect on the basic mechanism of DNA replication and nucleotide excision repair reactions in vitro, although we cannot exclude a role of p34 phosphorylation in modulating HSSB function in vivo through a yet poorly understood control pathway in the cellular response to DNA damage and replication.
Complete achromatic optical switching between two waveguides with a sign flip of the phase mismatch
Creators: name: Huang, Wei
name: Rangelov, Andon A.
name: Kyoseva, Elica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a two-waveguide coupler which, realizes complete achromatic all-optical switching. The coupling of the waveguides has a hyperbolic-secant shape while the phase mismatch has a sign flip at the maximum of the coupling. We derive an analytic solution for the electric field propagation using coupled mode theory and show that the light switching is robust again small-to-moderate variations in the coupling and phase mismatch. Thus, we realize an achromatic light switching between the two waveguides. We further consider the extended case of three coupled waveguides in an array and pay special attention to the case of equal achromatic light beam splitting.
Preservation of hemostatic and structural properties of rehydrated lyophilized platelets: potential for long-term storage of dried platelets for transfusion.
Creators: name: Read, M. S.
name: McMahon, D. K.
name: Reddick, R. L.
name: Bellinger, D. A.
name: Nichols, T. C.
name: Griggs, T. R.
name: Smith, S. V.
name: Taylor, K.
name: Bode, A. P.
name: Brinkhous, K. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: Currently, therapeutic platelet concentrates can be stored for only 5 days. We have developed a procedure that permits long-term storage of fixed and lyophilized platelets that retain hemostatic properties after rehydration. These rehydrated lyophilized platelets (RL platelets) restore hemostasis in thrombocytopenic rats and become incorporated in the hemostatic plug of bleeding time wounds of normal dogs as well as von Willebrand disease dogs with partially replenished plasma von Willebrand factor. Ultrastructurally, these platelets are well preserved and are comparable to control normal washed platelets. Flow cytometry analysis shows that RL platelets react with antibodies to the major surface receptors, glycoprotein (GP)Ib and GPIIb/IIIa. These receptors are involved in platelet agglutination, aggregation, and adhesion. In vitro functional tests document the ability of RL platelets to adhere to denuded subendothelium and to spread on a foreign surface. Circulating RL platelets participated in carotid arterial thrombus formation induced in normal canine subjects. The participation of RL platelets in these vital hemostatic properties suggests that with further development they could become a stable platelet product for transfusion.
Health perceptions of different cuisines - An experimental test of cuisine and nutrition facts labels on perceived healthiness
Creators: name: Mann, Traci
name: Horii, Rina
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Health Psychology
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Food Studies

description: While a growing body of literature has examined perceptions of American food or healthy foods, less work has examined perceptions across a variety of cuisines, especially within one study. In past research, we found that participants do tend to hold different beliefs about how healthy different foods are. However, we wonder whether this is because participants are thinking about different types of foods when judging a cuisine (e.g., thinking about seafood when judging Japanese food but thinking about hot dogs when judging American food). We therefore propose an experimental study in which we hold the foods constant to test whether these general beliefs about the healthiness of different cuisines influences judgments of specific food products.
Regulation of blood pressure by the type 1A angiotensin II receptor gene.
Creators: name: Maeda, N.
name: Oliverio, M. I.
name: Ito, M.
name: Coffman, T. M.
name: Mannon, P. J.
name: Best, C. F.
name: Smithies, O.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: The renin-angiotensin system plays a critical role in sodium and fluid homeostasis. Genetic or acquired alterations in the expression of components of this system are strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension. To specifically examine the physiological and genetic functions of the type 1A receptor for angiotensin II, we have disrupted the mouse gene encoding this receptor in embryonic stem cells by gene targeting. Agtr1A(-/-) mice were born in expected numbers, and the histomorphology of their kidneys, heart, and vasculature was normal. AT1 receptor-specific angiotensin II binding was not detected in the kidneys of homozygous Agtr1A(-/-) mutant animals, and Agtr1A(+/-) heterozygotes exhibited a reduction in renal AT1 receptor-specific binding to approximately 50% of wild-type [Agtr1A(+/+)] levels. Pressor responses to infused angiotensin II were virtually absent in Agtr1A(-/-) mice and were qualitatively altered in Agtr1A(+/-) heterozygotes. Compared with wild-type controls, systolic blood pressure measured by tail cuff sphygmomanometer was reduced by 12 mmHg (1 mmHg = 133 Pa) in Agtr1A(+/-) mice and by 24 mmHg in Agtr1A(-/-) mice. Similar differences in blood pressure between the groups were seen when intraarterial pressures were measured by carotid cannulation. These studies demonstrate that type 1A angiotensin II receptor function is required for vascular and hemodynamic responses to angiotensin II and that altered expression of the Agtr1A gene has marked effects on blood pressures.
The yielding of concentrated cohesive suspensions can be deformation rate dependent
Creators: name: Buscall, Richard
name: Scales, Peter J.
name: Stickland, Anthony D.
name: Teo, Hui-En
name: Kusuma, Tiara E.
name: Rubasingha, Sayuri
name: Lester, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The yielding of concentrated cohesive suspensions can be deformation-rate dependent. One consquence of this is that a single suspension can present in one several different ways, depending upon how it is tested, or more generally, how it is caused to flow. We have seen variously Herschel-Bulkley flow, highly non-monotonic flow curves and highly erratic or chaotic yield, all in one suspension. In controlled-rate testing one sees a systematic effect of deformation rate. In controlled stress testing, matters are more subtle. Whereas step-stress creep testing will elicit reproducible behaviour, any attempt to determine a flow curve by, e.g. stepping up or sweeping stress at an inappropriate rate can lead to highly irreproducible behaviour.
description: Updated and corrected version of a short informal article written for the Bulletin of the British Soc. Rheology. An alternative extended abstract on the same topic with an additional figure has been included
Additional file 1 of Designing tailored maintenance strategies for systematic reviews and clinical practice guidelines using the Portfolio Maintenance by Test-Treatment (POMBYTT) framework
Creators: name: Oerbekke, Michiel S.
name: Elbers, Roy G.
name: van der Laan, Maarten J.
name: Hooft, Lotty
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. A1.1. Review methods. A1.1.1. Search strategy. A1.2. Eligibility and literature selection. A1.3. Data extraction and data handling. A1.4. Data analysis. Figure A1. Flow diagram of the study selection. Table A1. Reasons for exclusion. Table A2. General characteristics of included studies. Figure A2. The Portfolio Maintenance by Test-Treatment framework with outlined test-treatment concepts. Table A1. Reasons for exclusion. Table A2. General characteristics of included studies. Figure A2. The Portfolio Maintenance by Test-Treatment framework with outlined test-treatment concepts. Table A3. Examples from the literature review which could be used as detection variables. Table A4. Examples from the literature review which could be used as detection tests. Table A5. Examples from the literature review which could be used as detection test thresholds. Table A6. Examples from the literature review which could be used as staging variables. Table A7. Examples from literature review which could be used as staging tests. Table A8. Examples from the literature review which could be used as staging thresholds. Table A9. Examples from the literature review which could be used as management indications. Table A10. Empty process description table. Table A11. Process description table of the example strategy in organization A. Figure A3. Process flow diagram of the example strategy in organization A (see Table A11). Table A12. Process description table of the example strategy in organization B. Figure A4. Process flow diagram of the example strategy in organization B (see Table A12). Table A13. A hypothetical example of a ‘living’ recommendations strategy. Figure A5. Process flow diagram of the hypothetical ‘living’ example strategy.
title: Logics of career choice - concept and results of an approval-sensitive career guidance workshop
Creators: name: Mutlu, Sevil
name: Ziegler, Birgit
name: Granato, Mona
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2024

description: To manage the transition from school to work, young people need to learn about occupations, explore their own (professional) interests, skills and values, and make career-related decisions. According to Gottfredson’s Career Construction (CC) theory (1981), young people - influenced by their need for social approval - have already narrowed down their spectrum of acceptable occupations by the time they participate in school-based career orientation programs. Therefore, we focus on career guidance interventions that take into account their need for social approval. We present first results of an intervention study of a newly developed approval-sensitive workshop, "Logic of Career Choice." It challenges students’ mostly unconscious need for social approval, raising awareness and prompting reflection and action on this aspect of their career choices. By analyzing a sample based on a quasi-experimental treatment-control group research design, we examine to what extent this workshop can contribute to reaching its objectives [n = 1236 students in secondary schools; treatment group (n = 766); control group (n = 470)]. Confirmatory factor analyses indicate the reliability of the new measurement instruments. The six examined constructs include (1) the relevance of social approval, (2) the feeling of autonomy, (3) interest in career choice, (4) reflection of needs, (5) intention to act, and (6) reported career choice activities. The results reveal partial confirmation of hypothesis (1) regarding the importance of social approval and (2) the feeling of autonomy. However, the constructs (4) reflection of needs and (5) intention to act show parallel developments in both the treatment and control groups, leading to the rejection of these hypotheses. The constructs (3) interest in career choice and (6) retrospectively reported activities regarding career choice show unexpected effects of the workshop. Interest in career choice decreases significantly more in the treatment group than in the control group, and the treatment group reports significantly more retrospective career choice activities. The discussion interprets the results in the context of their scientific and practical implications, with special attention given to the decrease in interest in career choice in the treatment group and the increased retrospective reporting of career choice activities.
"Wenn uns doch jemand Fleisch zu essen gäbe! In Ägypten ging es uns gut"
Creators: name: Gempp, Christoph
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 43 Nr. 2 (2007): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 43, Heft 2
Gutachten zur Eignung der Rollenden Kostenstudie für die Taxpunktwertberechnung im Kanton Wallis
Creators: name: Schoch, Tobias
name: Hulliger, Beat
name: Thees, Oscar
Publisher: name: Hochschule für Wirtschaft FHNW
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Kalibrierung
subject: Repräsentativität
subject: Stichprobentheorie
subject: 330 - Wirtschaft

description: Das Gutachten befasst sich mit dem Urteil C-7338/2018 des Bundesverwaltungsgerichts, das sich zur "Repräsentativität" der Rollenden Kostenstudie im Kanton Wallis äussert. Im vorliegenden Gutachten wird dargelegt, dass "Repräsentativität" und "repräsentative Stichprobe" keine Begriffe der Statistik sind und daher keine sinnvoll quantifizierbare Eigenschaft einer Stichprobe darstellen. Stattdessen sollte der Fokus darauf liegen, ob die Schätzungen auf die Grundgesamtheit verallgemeinerbar sind (d.h. externe Validität besitzen) und ob die Charakteristika oder Parameter der Grundgesamtheit möglichst unverzerrt und effizient geschätzt werden können. Dies wird empirisch für die Rollende Kostenstudie im Kanton Wallis anhand einer Kalibrierung diskutiert.
NuSTAR Observations of the State Transition of Millisecond Pulsar Binary PSR J1023+0038
Creators: name: Tendulkar, Shriharsh P.
name: Yang, Chengwei
name: An, Hongjun
name: Kaspi, Victoria M.
name: Archibald, Anne M.
name: Bassa, Cees
name: Bellm, Eric
name: Bogdanov, Slavko
name: Harrison, Fiona A.
name: Hessels, Jason W. T.
name: Janssen, Gemma H.
name: Lyne, Andrew G.
name: Patruno, Alessandro
name: Stappers, Benjamin
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Tomsick, John A.
name: Boggs, Steven E.
name: Chakrabarty, Deepto
name: Christensen, Finn E.
name: Craig, William W.
name: Hailey, Charles A.
name: Zhang, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report NuSTAR observations of the millisecond pulsar - low mass X-ray binary (LMXB) transition system PSR J1023+0038 from June and October 2013, before and after the formation of an accretion disk around the neutron star. Between June 10-12, a few days to two weeks before the radio disappearance of the pulsar, the 3-79 keV X-ray spectrum was well fit by a simple power law with a photon index of Gamma=1.17 +/-0.08 (at 90% confidence) with a 3-79 keV luminosity of 7.4+/-0.4 x 10^32 erg/s. Significant orbital modulation was observed with a modulation fraction of 36+/-10%. During the October 19-21 observation, the spectrum is described by a softer power law (Gamma=1.66+/-0.06) with an average luminosity of 5.8+/-0.2 x 10^33 erg/s and a peak luminosity of ~1.2 x 10^34 erg/s observed during a flare. No significant orbital modulation was detected. The spectral observations are consistent with previous and current multi-wavelength observations and show the hard X-ray power law extending to 79 keV without a spectral break. Sharp edged, flat bottomed `dips' are observed with widths between 30-1000 s and ingress and egress time-scales of 30-60 s. No change in hardness ratio was observed during the dips. Consecutive dip separations are log-normal in distribution with a typical separation of approximately 400 s. These dips are distinct from dipping activity observed in LMXBs. We compare and contrast these dips to observations of dips and state changes in the similar transition systems PSR J1824-2452I and XSS J1227.0-4859 and discuss possible interpretations based on the transitions in the inner disk.
description: 13 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ