cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Weighted mixed weak-type inequalities for multilinear operators
Creators: name: Li, Kangwei
name: Ombrosi, Sheldy J.
name: Picardi, Belén
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we present a theorem that generalizes Sawyer's classic result about mixed weighted inequalities to the multilinear context. Let $\vec{w}=(w_1,...,w_m)$ and $ν= w_1^\frac{1}{m}...w_m^\frac{1}{m}$, the main result of the paper sentences that under different conditions on the weights we can obtain $$\Bigg\| \frac{T(\vec f\,)(x)}{v}\Bigg\|_{L^{\frac{1}{m}, \infty}(νv^\frac{1}{m})} \leq C \ \prod_{i=1}^m{\|f_i\|_{L^1(w_i)}}, $$ where $T$ is a multilinear Calderón-Zygmund operator. To obtain this result we first prove it for the $m$-fold product of the Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator $M$, and also for $\mathcal{M}(\vec{f})(x)$: the multi(sub)linear maximal function introduced in \cite{LOPTT}. As an application we also prove a vector-valued extension to the mixed weighted weak-type inequalities of multilinear Calderón-Zygmund operators.
description: 10 pages
Relaxation leptogenesis, isocurvature perturbations, and the cosmic infrared background
Creators: name: Kawasaki, Masahiro
name: Kusenko, Alexander
name: Pearce, Lauren
name: Yang, Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of cosmic infrared background (CIB) radiation exhibit significant fluctuations on small angular scales. A number of explanations have been put forth, but there is currently no consensus on the origin of these large fluctuations. We consider the possibility that small-scale fluctuations in matter-antimatter asymmetry could lead to variations in star formation rates which are responsible for the CIB fluctuations. We show that the recently proposed Higgs relaxation leptogenesis mechanism can produce such small-scale baryonic isocurvature perturbations which can explain the observed excess in the CIB fluctuations.
description: 35 pages, 16 figures; Improved calculation of baryon density contrast. Added Appendix B
Spinning Witten Diagrams
Creators: name: Sleight, Charlotte
name: Taronna, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a systematic framework to compute the conformal partial wave expansions (CPWEs) of tree-level four-point Witten diagrams with totally symmetric external fields of arbitrary mass and integer spin in AdS$_{d+1}$. Employing this framework, we determine the CPWE of a generic exchange Witten diagram with spinning exchanged field. As an intermediate step, we diagonalise the linear map between spinning three-point conformal structures and spinning cubic couplings in AdS. As a concrete application, we compute all exchange diagrams in the type A higher-spin gauge theory on AdS$_{d+1}$, which is conjectured to be dual to the free scalar $O\left(N\right)$ model. Given a CFT$_d$, our results provide the complete holographic reconstruction of all cubic couplings involving totally symmetric fields in the putative dual theory on AdS$_{d+1}$.
description: 41 pages, many figures. v2: Three self-contained pages removed from section 4, to be restored elsewhere. Main results unaffected. Refs added and typos fixed
Ward identities and combinatorics of rainbow tensor models
Creators: name: Itoyama, H.
name: Mironov, A.
name: Morozov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the notion of renormalization group (RG) completion of non-Gaussian Lagrangians and its treatment within the framework of Bogoliubov-Zimmermann theory in application to the matrix and tensor models. With the example of the simplest non-trivial RGB tensor theory (Aristotelian rainbow), we introduce a few methods, which allow one to connect calculations in the tensor models to those in the matrix models. As a byproduct, we obtain some new factorization formulas and sum rules for the Gaussian correlators in the Hermitian and complex matrix theories, square and rectangular. These sum rules describe correlators as solutions to finite linear systems, which are much simpler than the bilinear Hirota equations and the infinite Virasoro recursion. Search for such relations can be a way to solving the tensor models, where an explicit integrability is still obscure.
description: 48 pages
War Diary of 1st Battalion Canadian Scottish Regiment, Vol. 45, May 1, 1943 to May 31, 1943
Creators: name: Canada. Canadian Army. Canadian Scottish Regiment (Princess Mary's)
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Canada. Canadian Army
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/531187
subject: Canada. Canadian Army. Canadian Scottish Regiment (Princess Mary's)
subject: World War (1939-1945)
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1180924
subject: War diaries
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1745536

description: The war diaries are official records kept by the Battalions during a one month period. They contain the daily orders, correspondence, newsletters, and an intelligence log detailing troop activities, locations, and weather conditions. The war diaries detail the activities and movement of the 1st Battalion from training in Canada and England to active duty on the Western Front and their return to Victoria in January 1946. This diary was kept while at Monk's Gate Common and Seaford, England. It has entries about participating in various exercises and training programs, moving camp to Seaford, the pipe band playing at various events, a demonstration on laying and clearing mines, noting that there are frequent enough air raid alerts that no one pays attention to them until they have definite reason to take cover, slightly relaxing the rules for clothing because of the warm weather, men resting with sore arms from vaccinations and inoculations, viewing several training films, moving back to Monk's Gate Common, and a lecture about the importance of security and not guessing out loud about where the battalion may be moved to as it could be correct and could get back to the enemy, among other activities and information. Includes appendices covering orders, strength returns (daily & weekly), training syllabi, administrative memos, exercises, movement orders, operational instructions, and camp standing orders.
Curvature dependence of relativistic epicyclic frequencies in static, axially symmetric spacetimes
Creators: name: Vieira, Ronaldo S. S.
name: Kluźniak, Włodek
name: Abramowicz, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sum of squared epicyclic frequencies of nearly circular motion ($ω_r^2+ω_θ^2$) in axially symmetric configurations of Newtonian gravity is known to depend both on the matter density and on the angular velocity profile of circular orbits. It was recently found that this sum goes to zero at the photon orbits of Schwarzschild and Kerr spacetimes. However, these are the only relativistic configurations for which such result exists in the literature. Here, we extend the above formalism in order to describe the analogous relation for geodesic motion in arbitrary static, axially symmetric, asymptotically flat solutions of general relativity. The sum of squared epicyclic frequencies is found to vanish at photon radii of vacuum solutions. In the presence of matter, we obtain that $ω_r^2+ω_θ^2>0$ for perturbed timelike circular geodesics on the equatorial plane if the strong energy condition holds for the matter-energy fluid of spacetime; in vacuum, the allowed region for timelike circular geodesic motion is characterized by the inequality above. The results presented here may be of use to shed light on general issues concerning the stability of circular orbits once they approach photon radii, mainly the ones corresponding to stable photon motion.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
The primes are not metric Poissonian
Creators: name: Walker, Aled
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It has been known since Vinogradov that, for irrational $α$, the sequence of fractional parts $\{αp\}$ is equidistributed in $\mathbb{R}/\mathbb{Z}$ as $p$ ranges over primes. There is a natural second-order equidistribution property, a pair correlation of such fractional parts, which has recently received renewed interest, in particular regarding its relation to additive combinatorics. In this paper we show that the primes do not enjoy this stronger equidistribution property.
description: 5 pages + references. Small corrections from version 1
Encuesta aplicada en Conocimientos sobre la perspectiva Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad del personal administrativo docente para la gestión de procesos universitarios
Creators: name: Vizcay-Castilla, Marisel
name: Morell-Alonso, Danni
name: Armas-Crespo, Miguel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Encuesta aplicada a 34 administrativos en funciones docentes en la investigación realizada con el objetivo de diagnosticar el nivel de conocimientos sobre la perspectiva Ciencia, Tecnología y Sociedad del personal administrativo docente de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Ciego de Ávila, durante el año 2022.
AdiosStMan: Parallelizing Casacore Table Data System Using Adaptive IO System
Creators: name: Wang, Ruonan
name: Harris, Christopher
name: Wicenec, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the Casacore Table Data System (CTDS) used in the casacore and CASA libraries, and methods to parallelize it. CTDS provides a storage manager plugin mechanism for third-party devel- opers to design and implement their own CTDS storage managers. Hav- ing this in mind, we looked into various storage backend techniques that can possibly enable parallel I/O for CTDS by implementing new storage managers. After carrying on benchmarks showing the excellent parallel I/O throughput of the Adaptive IO System (ADIOS), we implemented an ADIOS based parallel CTDS storage manager. We then applied the CASA MSTransform frequency split task to verify the ADIOS Storage Manager. We also ran a series of performance tests to examine the I/O throughput in a massively parallel scenario.
description: 20 pages, journal article, 2016
Deuterium enrichment of ammonia produced by surface N+H/D addition reactions at low temperature
Creators: name: Fedoseev, Gleb
name: Ioppolo, Sergio
name: Linnartz, Harold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surface formation of NH3 and its deuterated isotopologues - NH2D, NHD2, and ND3 - is investigated at low temperatures through the simultaneous addition of hydrogen and deuterium atoms to nitrogen atoms in CO-rich interstellar ice analogues. The formation of all four ammonia isotopologues is only observed up to 15 K, and drops below the detection limit for higher temperatures. Differences between hydrogenation and deuteration yields result in a clear deviation from a statistical distribution in favour of deuterium enriched species. The data analysis suggests that this is due to a higher sticking probability of D atoms to the cold surface, a property that may generally apply to molecules that are formed in low temperature surface reactions. The results found here are used to interpret ammonia deuterium fractionation as observed in pre-protostellar cores.
Terahertz and higher-order Brunel harmonics: from tunnel to multiphoton ionization regime in tailored fields
Creators: name: Babushkin, I.
name: Brée, C.
name: Dietrich, C. M.
name: Demircan, A.
name: Morgner, U.
name: Husakou, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brunel radiation appears as a result of a two-step process of photo-ionization and subsequent acceleration of electron, without the need of electron recollision. We show that for generation of Brunel harmonics at all frequencies the subcycle ionization dynamics is of critical importance. Namely, such harmonics disappear at low pump intensities when the ionization dynamics depends only on the slow envelope (so called multiphoton ionization regime) and not on the instantaneous field. Nevertheless, if the pump pulse contains incommensurate frequencies, Brunel mechanism does generate new frequencies even in the multiphoton ionization regime.
description: accepted for Journal of Modern Optics
A Model of Energetic Ion Effects on Pressure Driven Tearing Modes in Tokamaks
Creators: name: Halfmoon, Michael R.
name: Brennan, Dylan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects that energetic trapped ions have on linear resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities are studied in a reduced model that captures the essential physics driving or damping the modes through variations in the magnetic shear. The drift-kinetic orbital interaction of a slowing down distribution of trapped energetic ions with a resistive MHD instability is integrated to a scalar contribution to the perturbed pressure, and entered into an asymptotic matching formalism for the resistive MHD dispersion relation. Toroidal magnetic field line curvature is included to model trapping in the particle distribution, in an otherwise cylindrical model. The focus is on a configuration that is driven unstable to the m/n = 2/1 mode by increasing pressure, where m is the poloidal mode number and n the toroidal. The particles and pressure can affect the mode both in the core region where there can be low and reversed shear and outside the resonant surface in significant positive shear. The results show that the energetic ions damp and stabilize the mode when orbiting in significant positive shear, increasing the marginal stability boundary. However, the inner core region contribution with low and reversed shear can drive the mode unstable. This effect of shear on the energetic ion pressure contribution is found to be consistent with the literature. These results explain the observation that the 2/1 mode was found to be damped and stabilized by energetic ions in δf - MHD simulations of tokamak experiments with positive shear throughout, while the 2/1 mode was found to be driven unstable in simulations of experiments with weakly reversed shear in the core. This is also found to be consistent with related experimental observations of the stability of the 2/1 mode changing significantly with core shear.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
The X-ray view of black-hole candidate Swift J1842.5-1124 during its 2008 outburst
Creators: name: Zhao, Hai-Hui
name: Weng, Shan-Shan
name: Qu, Jin-Lu
name: Cai, Jing-Ping
name: Yuan, Qi-Rong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectral and temporal evolution during X-ray outbursts give important clues on the accretion process and radiation mechanism in black-hole X-ray binaries (BH XRBs). A set of Swift and RXTE observations were executed to monitor the 2008 outburst of the black-hole candidate Swift J1842.5-1124. We investigate these data to explore the accretion physics in BH XRBs. We carry out a comprehensive spectral and timing analysis on all the available pointing observations, including fitting both X-ray spectra and power density spectra, measuring the optical and near-ultraviolet flux density. We also search for correlations among the spectral and timing parameters. The observed properties of Swift J1842.5-1124 are similar to other BH XRBs in many respects, for example the hardness-intensity diagram and hardness-rms diagram. The type-C quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) were observed as the source started to transit from the low-hard state to the high-soft state. The frequency of QPOs correlate with intensity and the hard component index, and anti-correlate with the hardness and the total fractional rms. These relations are consistent with the Lense-Thirring precession model. The estimated U-band flux changed with the X-ray flux, while the flux density at the V band remained 0.26 mJy. These results imply that the X-ray reprocessing or the tail of thermal emission from the outer disk contributes a significant fraction of the U-band radiation; alternatively, the companion star or the jet dominates the flux at longer wavelengths.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, published in A&A
Density-functional calculations of multivalency-driven formation of Te-based monolayer materials with superior electronic and optical properties
Creators: name: Zhu, Zhili
name: Cai, Xiaolin
name: Niu, Chunyao
name: Yi, Seho
name: Guo, Zhengxiao
name: Liu, Feng
name: Cho, Jun-Hyung
name: Jia, Yu
name: Zhang, Zhenyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Contemporary science is witnessing a rapid expansion of the two-dimensional (2D) materials family, each member possessing intriguing emergent properties of fundamental and practical importance. Using the particle-swarm optimization method in combination with first-principles density functional theory calculations, here wepredict a new category of 2D monolayers named tellurene, composed of the metalloid element Te, with stable 1T-MoS2-like ( α-Te), and metastable tetragonal (\b{eta}-Te) and 2H-MoS2-like (γ-Te) structures. The underlying formation mechanism of such tri-layer arrangements is uniquely rooted in the multivalent nature of Te, with the central-layer Te behaving more metal-like (e.g., Mo), and the two outer layers more semiconductor-like (e.g.,S). In particular, the α-Te phase can be spontaneously obtained from the magic thicknesses truncated along the [001] direction of the trigonal structure of bulk Te. Furthermore, both the α- and \b{eta}-Te phases possess electron and hole mobilities much higher than MoS2, as well as salient optical absorption properties. These findings effectively extend the realm of 2D materials to group-VI monolayers, and provide a new and generic formation mechanism for designing 2D materials.
Facilitating content distribution in Sub-Saharan Africa through Software-Defined Exchange Points
Creators: name: Ibarra, Julio
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017

description: Sub-Saharan Africa is the fastest growing region of international Internet capacity in the world. Content in Sub-Saharan Africa is increasing: Microsoft is bringing two new data centers to South Africa, and Google and Akamai have been installing caches. The demand for content distribution within Sub-Saharan Africa is growing as the number of data centers and caches increase. Strategic placement of local compute, storage and networking is increasingly important in response to demands in local content distribution growth. Internet eXchange Points (IXPs) are resources that play a central role in interconnecting many networks. In addition, their role has been expanding in importance for bringing content closer to end users. For example, as content traffic continues to rise, IXPs are in the foreground of the peering issues between content providers and access networks. IXPs are considered a natural resource to evolve into a SDX, because they offer a physical location where multiple networks meet to exchange traffic and to peer (exchange routes). This paper presents a Software-Defined Exchange as a novel internetworking paradigm to facilitate content distribution. A SDX facilitates sharing of compute, storage and networking resources among multiple independent administrative domains, such as ISPs, CDNs, or NRENs. A survey of the most relevant SDX studies and use cases for a SDX, including content distribution, will be presented. Finally, deployment considerations and projects implementing SDXs will be discussed.
Vascular epiphytes of the South America Dry Diagonal: characterising their occurrence and richness in this neglected region
Creators: name: Ramos, Flavio Nunes
name: de Araujo, Matheus Lima
name: da Silva Assis, Isabella
name: Basilio, Geicilaine Alves
name: Barbosa, Daniel Elias Ferreira
name: Correa, Tabata Alves
name: Delgado, Camila Nardy
name: Furtado, Samyra Gomes
name: Marquez, Gonzalo
name: Soares, Jéssica Severiano
name: Yañez, Agustina
name: Silva, Sandro Menezes
name: Neto, Luiz Menini
name: Elias, João Pedro Costa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: The South America Dry Diagonal (SADD) is the most extensive and continuous portion of dry vegetation on the continent, characterised by lower rainfall and a marked dry season. Epiphytes are very poorly known and understudied in this area, even though they represent a high proportion of plant diversity in South America. Here, we compiled a dataset of epiphyte records from the SADD. The compiled epiphyte records date from 1859 to 2021, covering all four SADD domains, four countries, and 24 ecoregions. We utilised two databases for life form classification: Epilist and Brazil Flora Group. Our dataset contains 41,039 records distributed among 1119 epiphyte and hemiepiphyte species belonging to three main groups: angiosperms, ferns, and lycophytes. The SADD domains host a high number of unique species in each domain, with the Cerrado and Caatinga regions serving as primary hosts for the majority of species in the SADD dataset. Despite notable differences in species composition among domains, the least significant differences were observed between the Caatinga and Cerrado, as well as between the Chaco and the Pantanal. Orchidaceae, Bromeliaceae, and Polypodiaceae families exhibited the highest species diversity within the region. However, the species containing the highest number of specimens collected varied considerably among the domains. Herein, we also outlined some inconsistencies in the life-form classification across taxonomic bases, acknowledging the challenges of categorising epiphyte species while considering their intraspecific life-form variation.
Critical properties of the contact process with quenched dilution
Creators: name: Wada, Alexander H. O.
name: de Oliveira, Mário J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the critical properties of the contact process on a square lattice with quenched site dilution by Monte Carlo simulations. This was achieved by generating in advance the percolating cluster, through the use of an appropriate epidemic model, and then by the simulation of the contact process on the top of the percolating cluster. The dynamic critical exponents were calculated by assuming an activated scaling relation and the static exponents by the usual power law behavior. Our results are in agreement with the prediction that the quenched diluted contact process belongs to the universality class of the random transverse-field Ising model. We have also analyzed the model and determined the phase diagram by the use of a mean-field theory that takes into account the correlation between neighboring sites.
description: 14 pages and 8 figures
How Gaussian can our Universe be?
Creators: name: Cabass, Giovanni
name: Pajer, Enrico
name: Schmidt, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravity is a non-linear theory, and hence, barring cancellations, the initial super-horizon perturbations produced by inflation must contain some minimum amount of mode coupling, or primordial non-Gaussianity. In single-field slow-roll models, where this lower bound is saturated, non-Gaussianity is controlled by two observables: the tensor-to-scalar ratio, which is uncertain by more than fifty orders of magnitude; and the scalar spectral index, or tilt, which is relatively well measured. It is well known that to leading and next-to-leading order in derivatives, the contributions proportional to the tilt disappear from any local observable, and suspicion has been raised that this might happen to all orders, allowing for an arbitrarily low amount of primordial non-Gaussianity. Employing Conformal Fermi Coordinates, we show explicitly that this is not the case. Instead, a contribution of order the tilt appears in local observables. In summary, the floor of physical primordial non-Gaussianity in our Universe has a squeezed-limit scaling of $k_\ell^2/k_s^2$, similar to equilateral and orthogonal shapes, and a dimensionless amplitude of order $0.1\times(n_\mathrm{s}-1)$.
description: 26 + 18 pages, 2 figures. References added and minor typos corrected. Matches published version
Benchmarking integrated photonic architectures
Creators: name: Flamini, Fulvio
name: Spagnolo, Nicolò
name: Viggianiello, Niko
name: Crespi, Andrea
name: Osellame, Roberto
name: Sciarrino, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photonic platforms represent a promising technology for the realization of several quantum communication protocols and for experiments of quantum simulation. Moreover, large-scale integrated interferometers have recently gained a relevant role for restricted models of quantum computing, specifically with Boson Sampling devices. Indeed, various linear optical schemes have been proposed for the implementation of unitary transformations, each one suitable for a specific task. Notwithstanding, so far a comprehensive analysis of the state of the art under broader and realistic conditions is still lacking. In the present work we address this gap, providing in a unified framework a quantitative comparison of the three main photonic architectures, namely the ones with triangular and square designs and the so-called fast transformations. All layouts have been analyzed in presence of losses and imperfect control over the reflectivities and phases of the inner structure. Our results represent a further step ahead towards the implementation of quantum information protocols on large-scale integrated photonic devices.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures + 2 pages Supplementary Information
The Pauli objection
Creators: name: Leon, Juan
name: Maccone, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Schroedinger's equation says that the Hamiltonian is the generator of time translations. This seems to imply that any reasonable definition of time operator must be conjugate to the Hamiltonian. Then both time and energy must have the same spectrum since conjugate operators are unitarily equivalent. Clearly this is not always true: normal Hamiltonians have lower bounded spectrum and often only have discrete eigenvalues, whereas we typically desire that time can take any real value. Pauli concluded that constructing a general a time operator is impossible (although clearly it can be done in specific cases). Here we show how the Pauli argument fails when one uses an external system (a "clock") to track time, so that time arises as correlations between the system and the clock (conditional probability amplitudes framework). In this case, the time operator is not conjugate to the system Hamiltonian, but its eigenvalues still satisfy the Schroedinger equation for arbitrary Hamiltonians.
description: 6 pages
Analysis of the $Ω_c(3000)$, $Ω_c(3050)$, $Ω_c(3066)$, $Ω_c(3090)$ and $Ω_c(3119)$ with QCD sum rules
Creators: name: Wang, Zhi-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we assign the $Ω_c(3000)$, $Ω_c(3050)$, $Ω_c(3066)$, $Ω_c(3090)$ and $Ω_c(3119)$ to be the P-wave baryon states with $J^P={\frac{1}{2}}^-$, ${\frac{1}{2}}^-$, ${\frac{3}{2}}^-$, ${\frac{3}{2}}^-$ and ${\frac{5}{2}}^-$, respectively, and study them with the QCD sum rules by introducing an explicit relative P-wave between the two $s$ quarks. The predictions support assigning the $Ω_c(3050)$, $Ω_c(3066)$, $Ω_c(3090)$ and $Ω_c(3119)$ to be the P-wave baryon states with $J^P={\frac{1}{2}}^-$, ${\frac{3}{2}}^-$, ${\frac{3}{2}}^-$ and ${\frac{5}{2}}^-$, respectively, where the two $s$ quarks are in relative P-wave; while the $Ω_c(3000)$ can be assigned to the P-wave baryon state with $J^{P}={\frac{1}{2}}^-$, where the two $s$ quarks are in relative S-wave.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Solutions of generic bilinear master equations for a quantum oscillator -- positive and factorized conditions on stationary states
Creators: name: Tay, B. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the solutions of the generic bilinear master equation for a quantum oscillator with constant coefficients in the Gaussian form. The well-behavedness and positive semidefiniteness of the stationary states could be characterized by a three-dimensional Minkowski vector. By requiring the stationary states to satisfy a factorized condition, we obtain a generic class of master equations that includes the well-known ones and their generalizations, some of which are completely positive. A further subset of the master equations with the Gibbs states as stationary states is also obtained. For master equations with not completely positive generators, an analysis on the stationary states suggests conditions on the coefficients of the master equations that generate positive evolution for a given initial state.
description: Accepted by Physica A
Backward Raman Amplification in the Long-wavelength Infrared
Creators: name: Johnson, L. A.
name: Gordon, D. F.
name: Palastro, J. P.
name: Hafizi, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The wealth of work in backward Raman amplification in plasma has focused on the extreme intensity limit, however backward Raman amplification may also provide an effective and practical mechanism for generating intense, broad bandwidth, long-wavelength infrared radiation (LWIR). An electromagnetic simulation coupled with a relativistic cold fluid plasma model is used to demonstrate the generation of picosecond pulses at a wavelength of 10 microns with terawatt powers through backward Raman amplification. The effects of collisional damping, Landau damping, pump depletion, and wave breaking are examined, as well as the resulting design considerations for a LWIR Raman amplifier.
Immersed boundary model of aortic heart valve dynamics with physiological driving and loading conditions
Creators: name: Griffith, Boyce E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The immersed boundary (IB) method is a mathematical and numerical framework for problems of fluid-structure interaction, treating the particular case in which an elastic structure is immersed in a viscous incompressible fluid. The IB approach to such problems is to describe the elasticity of the immersed structure in Lagrangian form, and to describe the momentum, viscosity, and incompressibility of the coupled fluid-structure system in Eulerian form. Interaction between Lagrangian and Eulerian variables is mediated by integral equations with Dirac delta function kernels. The IB method provides a unified formulation for fluid-structure interaction models involving both thin elastic boundaries and also thick viscoelastic bodies. In this work, we describe the application of an adaptive, staggered-grid version of the IB method to the three-dimensional simulation of the fluid dynamics of the aortic heart valve. Our model describes the thin leaflets of the aortic valve as immersed elastic boundaries, and describes the wall of the aortic root as a thick, semi-rigid elastic structure. A physiological left-ventricular pressure waveform is used to drive flow through the model valve, and dynamic pressure loading conditions are provided by a reduced (zero-dimensional) circulation model that has been fit to clinical data. We use this model and method to simulate aortic valve dynamics over multiple cardiac cycles. The model is shown to approach rapidly a periodic steady state in which physiological cardiac output is obtained at physiological pressures. These realistic flow rates are not specified in the model, however. Instead, they emerge from the fluid-structure interaction simulation.
Electron-magnetohydrodynamic simulations of electron scale current sheet dynamics in the Vineta.II guide field reconnection experiment
Creators: name: Jain, Neeraj
name: von Stechow, Adrian
name: Muñoz, Patricio A.
name: Büchner, Jörg
name: Grulke, Olaf
name: Klinger, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three dimensional electron-magnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) simulations of electron current sheet dynamics in a background of stationary and unmagnetized ions and the subsequent generation of electromagnetic fluctuations are carried out. The physical parameters and initial magnetic configuration in the simulations are chosen to be similar to those in the \textsc{Vineta}.II magnetic reconnection experiment. Consistent with the experimental results, our 3D EMHD simulations show the formation of an elongated electron scale current sheet together with the excitation of electromagnetic fluctuations within this sheet. The fluctuations in the simulations are generated by an electron shear flow instability growing on the in-plane (perpendicular to the direction of the main current in the sheet) electron shear flow (or current) developed during the current sheet evolution. Similar to the experiments, the magnetic field fluctuations perpendicular to the guide magnetic field exhibit a broadband frequency spectrum following a power law and a positive correlation with the axial current density. Although the experimental results show that ions influence the spectral properties of the fluctuations, the simulations suggest that the electron dynamics, even in the absence of ion motion, primarily determines the formation of the current sheet and the generation of electromagnetic fluctuations observed in the experiments.
description: 9 figures, submitted
HETEROGENEOUS STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS BASED ON MECHANICS OF STRUCTUE GENOME
Creators: name: Chiu, Rong
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400102
subject: Aerospace structures
classificationCode: 400101
subject: Aerospace materials

description: The Mechanics of Structural Genome (MSG) is a unified homogenization theory used to find equivalent constitutive models for beam, plate, and solid structures. It has been proven accurate for periodic structures. However, for certain applications such as non-prismatic wind turbine blades and helicopter flexbeams featuring ply drop-off, where there is no repeating structure and the periodic boundary condition cannot be used, MSG's accuracy is limited. In this work, we aim to extend MSG to find element stiffness matrices directly for aperiodic structures, instead of beam properties or three-dimensional (3D) solid material properties. Two finite elements based on MSG have been developed: Heterogeneous Beam Element (HBE) and Heterogeneous Solid Element (HSE).
 For beam modeling, the beam-like structure is homogenized into a series of 3-node Heterogeneous Beam Elements (HBE) with 18×18 effective beam element stiffness matrices. These matrices are used as input for one-dimensional (1D) beam analysis using the Abaqus User Element subroutine (UEL). Using the macroscopic beam analysis results as input, we can also perform dehomogenization to predict the stresses and strains in the original structure. We use three examples (a prismatic composite beam, an isotropic homogeneous tapered beam, and a composite tapered beam) to demonstrate the capability of HBE and show its advantages over the MSG cross-sectional analysis approach. HBE can capture macroscopic behavior and detailed stresses due to non-prismatic geometry.
 The Heterogeneous Solid Element (HSE) is developed based on MSG to model a heterogeneous body as an equivalent solid element using an effective element stiffness matrix. HSE modeling includes homogenization, macroscopic global analysis, and dehomogenization to recover local strains/stresses. HSE avoids the local periodicity assumption for traditional multiscale modeling techniques for composite structures that compute effective material properties instead. Abaqus composite solid element and MSG-based traditional multiscale modeling are used to validate the accuracy of HSE. All example results show that HSE is more accurate in predicting global structural behavior and local strains/stresses.
 HBE and HSE provide a new concept for modeling aperiodic composite structures by modeling structures into equivalent beam or solid elements instead of beam properties of the reference line in 1D beam analysis or material properties of material points in solid structural analysis.
Africa IETF initiative: The Role for NRENs
Creators: name: Chege, Kevin
Publisher: name: UbuntuNet Alliance
Year: 2016
Subjects: NREN

description: Background: The Internet allows for ubiquitous communication globally thanks to the design, implementation and use of Open Standards. It allows us to communicate with anyone in the world using standards such as SMTP, DNS, BGP, HTTP among others. The key organization for Internet Standards development is the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) which meets 3 times a year and does majority of the work via mailing lists categorized under different Working Groups each tasked to come up with a standard that if accepted will become an Internet Standard. Participation is open to anyone in the world to participate in the design of Open Standards that will determine what the future Internet will look like. Problem statement: Participation at the IETF by engineers from Africa is very low. This is mainly because of low awareness levels. As a result, Africa is not playing a big enough role in the design of what the future Internet will look like as other researchers and engineers from other parts of the world actively work on designing the future Internet. The Initiative: The Internet Society has a launched an Africa wide initiative to increase the awareness levels and participation of various stakeholders from Africa to the IETF including Universities, Network Operator Groups, researchers, NRENs, Policy organizations, ISOC Chapters and University Students among others. It is hoped that this initiative will encourage more researchers from Africa to take up Internet Standards development and eventually lead to Africa hosting its first IETF meeting. The Paper: This paper will describe the role for NRENs in raising awareness and increasing participation of African researchers, University students and engineers in the work of Internet Standards development. To be discussed are: - What Internet Standards are - What role African NRENs can play in Internet Standards - How ISOC plans to help African NRENs in Internet Standards development work
Dichotomy of global capacity density in metric measure spaces
Creators: name: Aikawa, Hiroaki
name: Björn, Anders
name: Björn, Jana
name: Shanmugalingam, Nageswari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 31C15, 31C45, 31E05

description: The variational capacity cap_p in Euclidean spaces is known to enjoy the density dichotomy at large scales, namely that for every subset E of R^n, inf_{x in R^n} (cap_p(E \cap B(x,r),B(x,2r)) / cap_p(B(x,r),B(x,2r))) is either zero or tends to 1 as r tends to infinity. We prove that this property still holds in unbounded complete geodesic metric spaces equipped with a doubling measure supporting a p-Poincaré inequality, but that it can fail in nongeodesic metric spaces and also for the Sobolev capacity in R^n. It turns out that the shape of balls impacts the validity of the density dichotomy. Even in more general metric spaces, we construct families of sets, such as John domains, for which the density dichotomy holds. Our arguments include an exact formula for the variational capacity of superlevel sets for capacitary potentials and a quantitative approximation from inside of the variational capacity.
description: 2 figures
Chaos or Order?
Creators: name: Ovchinnikov, Igor V.
name: Di Ventra, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: What is chaos? Despite several decades of research on this ubiquitous and fundamental phenomenon there is yet no agreed-upon answer to this question. Recently, it was realized that all stochastic and deterministic differential equations, describing all natural and engineered dynamical systems, possess a topological supersymmetry. It was then suggested that its spontaneous breakdown could be interpreted as the stochastic generalization of deterministic chaos. This conclusion stems from the fact that such phenomenon encompasses features that are traditionally associated with chaotic dynamics such as non-integrability, positive topological entropy, sensitivity to initial conditions, and the Poincare-Bendixson theorem. Here, we strengthen and complete this picture by showing that the hallmarks of set-theoretic chaos -- topological transitivity/mixing and dense periodic orbits -- can also be attributed to the spontaneous breakdown of topological supersymmetry. We also demonstrate that these features, which highlight the noisy character of chaotic dynamics, do not actually admit a stochastic generalization. We therefore conclude that spontaneous topological symmetry breaking can be considered as the most general definition of continuous-time dynamical chaos. Contrary to the common perception and semantics of the word "chaos", this phenomenon should then be truly interpreted as the low-symmetry, or ordered phase of the dynamical systems that manifest it. Since the long-range order in this case is temporal, we then suggest the word "chronotaxis" as a better representation of this phenomenon.
description: 6 pages
光绪十年本馆（中华会馆）成立具禀美国总领事馆转呈驻英大臣备案原稿
Creators: name: Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association (Victoria, B.C.)
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chinese
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/857169
subject: History
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1411628
subject: Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association (Victoria, B.C.)
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/2009873
subject: Associations, institutions, etc.
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/819166

description: A draft of a letter to the Chinese Ambassador to England, which was to be transmitted by the Chinese Consul-General in San Francisco, recommending that the proposal to establish the Association in Victoria be accepted officially. August 1884（光绪十年六月).
Label generation rules for the Internet's root zone for African scripts
Creators: name: Atohoun, Yaovi
Publisher: name: UbuntuNet Alliance
Year: 2016
Subjects: Internationalized Domain Names

description: ICANN is working to promote the use of Internationalized Domain Names (IDN). This work will allow domain names to be completely represented in local languages and scripts of the world, by developing rules to determine valid and unique top-level domains (TLDs). As per the guidance of the community, this is being achieved by organizing script based panels to determine these linguistic rules for the different scripts and languages of the world. ICANN is organizing script-based panel, e.g. for Chinese, Thai, Cyrillic, and other scripts. Ethiopian community recently organized a group to determine the rules for forming TLDs in the Ethiopic script. The purpose of the proposed session is to give more information on IDN work and showcase the leadership of academia in Ethiopia, and to invite the community to contribute to other relevant panels, e.g. Latin script panel, to allow support of other languages of Africa.
Chemical composition variation of essential oils of Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. from different vegetational formations
Creators: name: de Oliveira Santos, Maria
name: Camilo, Cicera Janaine
name: Ribeiro, Daiany Alves
name: Macedo, Julimery Gonçalves Ferreira
name: de Fatima Alves Nonato, Carla
name: Rodrigues, Fábio Fernandes Galvão
name: da Costa, José Galberto Martins
name: de Almeida Souza, Marta Maria
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: This study aims to provide information about the chemical profile of the essential oil from C. langsdorffii resin in areas of Cerradão, Carrasco, and Humid Forest. In order to obtain the essential oils, oil-resin was submitted to hydrodistillation process, and the chemical components were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Twenty-six constituents were identified in the essential oil of C. langsdorffii resin, of which 12 were present in Cerradão, 15 in Carrasco and 18 in Humid Forest, with β-bisabolene, caryophyllene oxide, γ-muurolene, α-caryophyllene and β-caryophyllene common to the three phytophysiognomies. Among the studied areas, the resin collection varied from 2.652 g to 20.263 g, while the essential oil yield varied from 2.216 % to 11.764 %. A concentration range of 0.60 % to 84.57 % was recorded among the compounds in the three study areas. There was variation in chemical composition both among phytophysiognomies and among individuals from the same location, where β-caryophyllene showed to be the majority for all areas studied, being present in all individuals from Cerradão, Carrasco and Humid Forest.
Pezzana, Angelo. 1838-1859. Corrispondenza estrapolata da Copialettere Pezzana. Complesso Monumentale della Pilotta, Biblioteca Palatina, ms.
Creators: name: Pezzana, Angelo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Trascrizione delle lettere inviate da Angelo Pezzana ad Antonio Panizzi, ricopiate all’interno dei 24 volumi di Copialettere conservati presso il Complesso Monumentale della Pilotta, Biblioteca Palatina, ms.