Caroperla brevihamata Mo, Wang &amp; Li 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Mo, Raorao
name: Liu, Hong
name: Liao, Debao
name: Wang, Guoquan
name: Li, Weihai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Caroperla
Caroperla brevihamata

description: <i>Caroperla brevihamata</i> Mo, Wang &amp; Li, sp. nov. (Figs. 1–5) <b>Adult habitus</b> (Figs. 1 a–1b). General color brown. Head brown, with a large subtrapezoidal dark brown marking, covering ocelli and extending forward to frons; triocellate, anterior ocellus smaller, head slightly wider than pronotum. Pronotum darker than head, rectangular, covered with dark brown markings, corners rounded. Wings brownish, veins darker. Legs brown. <b>Male</b> (Figs. 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4 a–4c). Forewing length ca. 8.0 mm, hindwing length ca. 6.7 mm. Epiproct upcurved, anterior margin distinctly sclerotized, posterior margin membranous, upturned apex seemingly semicircular in dorsal views (Figs. 2 a–2b, 4a, 4c). Paraprocts strongly bent and upturned, apical half cambered, semicircular in outline, subtriangular in caudal view, with vestige of a triangular gill laterally (Figs. 2 a–2b, 4a–4c). Cerci short, with 6 segments. Basal cercal segment about 5X as long as apical wide of the segment (Figs. 2c, 3c, 4a, 4c); segment 1 of cerci distinctly sclerotized, curved upward, and gradually tapering to the tip, with a short hooked process, a long and large seta and two shorter thinner setae at tip; segments 2–6 covered by short dense thin setae with apical whorls. The apical whorl is a set of strong, acute setae. Abdominal tergum 10 with a large dark brown to brown inverted triangular mesal sclerite; terga 4–9 with mesal patches of thickened setae, also medially interrupted by a broad to narrow membranous patch. Abdominal terga and sterna with setal brushes on posterior edge; those on lateral margins of sterna 7–9 conspicuous. The posteromedian margin of the sternum 8 slightly produced forming a small triangular process with a blunt tip (Figs. 3 a–3b, 4a). Sternum 9 sclerotized, inverted subtrapezoidal (Figs. 3 a–3b). <b>Female</b> (Figs. 1c, 4d, 5). Forewing length 8.2 mm, hindwing length 7.2 mm. Habitus generally similar to male. Sternum 8 with large elliptical subgenital plate, extending over abdomen, with a shallow triangular posteromedian notch; posterior margin fringed with a row of long setae (Fig. 5). Posterior margin of sternum 9 constricted medially forming a shallow incision. Cerci short, with 7 segments (Fig. 4d). Basal cercal segment about 2 times long as wide; segments armed with normal fine long setae and with apical whorls of strong and acute setae. <b>Larva and egg</b>. Unknown. <b>Type material</b>. Holotype male (HIST): CHINA: Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin City, Multinational Autonomous County of Longsheng, Huaping National Nature Reserve, 25°37’ 37’’ N, 109°54’42” E, 731.6 m, 2020.VI.15, light trap, Raorao Mo, Yan Lai <i>et al</i>. Paratype: 1 female (HIST), same location and collectors as holotype, 2020.VI.17, light trap. <b>Etymology</b>. Latin “brev” means short; Latin “hamatus” means hooked. The specific epithet refers to the short hooked apical process of basal cercal segment. <b>Distribution</b>. China (Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region). <b>Remarks</b>. The male of new species is characterized by the inverted triangular mesal sclerite of tergum 10, the semicircular epiproct, the semicircular paraprocts with a small vestige of a triangular gill laterally, the tip of cercal segment 1 with a short hooked process and a long and large seta, and sternum 8 with a small triangular posteromedian process. The dorsolateral paraproct of the male has a vestige of a gill in both the new species and Japanese <i>C. pacifica</i> Kohno, 1946, but the basal cercal segment of the latter species has a large and long sclerotized hook, distinguishing it from <i>C</i>. <i>brevihamata</i>. Both the new species and <i>C. longilobata</i> Mo, Wang &amp; Li, 2019, another species known from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, share a similar long, large and outcurved seta on tip of cercal segment 1, but <i>C. longilobata</i> is easily separated from the new species by having the larger semicircular mid-posterior plate of sternum 9. In addition, usually the females of other <i>Caroperla</i> species have a large subgenital plate with a row of long setae at posterior margin lacking an apical notch. In <i>C</i>. <i>brevihamata</i>, the large elliptical subgenital plate that extends beyond posterior margin of sternum 10 with a small triangular posteromedian notch, distinguishes the female of it from all known species of <i>Caroperla.</i>
description: Published as part of <i>Mo, Raorao, Liu, Hong, Liao, Debao, Wang, Guoquan &amp; Li, Weihai, 2020, Caroperla brevihamata (Plecoptera: Perlidae), a new stonefly species from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of southern China, pp. 430-436 in Zootaxa 4869 (3)</i> on pages 431-436, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4869.3.9, http://zenodo.org/record/4443784
description: {"references": ["Kohno, M. (1946) Notes on two new genera of Plecoptera from Japan. Collecting and Breeding, 8, 58 - 65, 70.", "Mo, R. R., Wang, G. Q., &amp; Li, W. H. (2019) A new species of Caroperla Kohno, 1946 (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Guangxi of China. Zootaxa, 4612 (4), 591 - 594. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4612.4.11"]}