cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Epitaxial titanium nitride microwave resonators: Structural, chemical, electrical, and microwave properties
Creators: name: Gao, Ran
name: Yu, Wenlong
name: Deng, Hao
name: Ku, Hsiang-Sheng
name: Li, Zhisheng
name: Wang, Minghua
name: Miao, Xiaohe
name: Lin, Yue
name: Deng, Chunqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Titanium nitride is an attractive material for a range of superconducting quantum-circuit applications owing to its low microwave losses, high surface inductance, and chemical stability. The physical properties and device performance, nevertheless, depend strongly on the quality of the materials. Here we focus on the highly crystalline and epitaxial titanium nitride thin films deposited on sapphire substrates using magnetron sputtering at an intermediate temperature (300$^{\circ}$C). We perform a set of systematic and comprehensive material characterization to thoroughly understand the structural, chemical, and transport properties. Microwave losses at low temperatures are studied using patterned microwave resonators, where the best internal quality factor in the single-photon regime is measured to be $3.3\times 10^6$, and $> 1.0\times 10^7$ in the high-power regime. Adjusted with the material filling factor of the resonators, the microwave loss-tangent here compares well with the previously reported best values for superconducting resonators. This work lays the foundation of using epitaxial titanium nitride for low-loss superconducting quantum circuits.
Jahresbericht des Landesamtes für Denkmalpflege, Abteilung Archäologische Denkmalpflege, Amt Trier, für den Stadtbereich Trier 1997
Creators: name: Clemens, Lukas
name: Löhr, Hartwig
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2019

description: [nicht vorhanden]
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 62 (1999): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Ultrahigh-inductance materials from spinodal decomposition
Creators: name: Gao, Ran
name: Ku, Hsiang-Sheng
name: Deng, Hao
name: Yu, Wenlong
name: Xia, Tian
name: Wu, Feng
name: Song, Zhijun
name: Miao, Xiaohe
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Lin, Yue
name: Shi, Yaoyun
name: Zhao, Hui-Hai
name: Deng, Chunqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disordered superconducting nitrides with kinetic inductance have long been considered a leading material candidate for high-inductance quantum-circuit applications. Despite continuing efforts in reducing material dimensions to increase the kinetic inductance and the corresponding circuit impedance, it becomes a fundamental challenge to improve further without compromising material qualities. To this end, we propose a method to drastically increase the kinetic inductance of superconducting materials via spinodal decomposition while keeping a low microwave loss. We use epitaxial Ti\textsubscript{0.48}Al\textsubscript{0.52}N as a model system, and for the first time demonstrate the utilization of spinodal decomposition to trigger the insulator-to-superconductor transition with a drastically enhanced material disorder. The measured kinetic inductance has increased by 2-3 orders of magnitude compared with all the best reported disordered superconducting nitrides. Our work paves the way for substantially enhancing and deterministically controlling the inductance for advanced superconducting quantum circuits.
Detection of Pristine Gas Two Billion Years after the Big Bang
Creators: name: Fumagalli, Michele
name: O'Meara, John M.
name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the current cosmological model, only the three lightest elements were created in the first few minutes after the Big Bang; all other elements were produced later in stars. To date, however, heavy elements have been observed in all astrophysical environments. We report the detection of two gas clouds with no discernible elements heavier than hydrogen. These systems exhibit the lowest heavy-element abundance in the early universe and thus are potential fuel for the most metal poor halo stars. The detection of deuterium in one system at the level predicted by primordial nucleosynthesis provides a direct confirmation of the standard cosmological model. The composition of these clouds further implies that the transport of heavy elements from galaxies to their surroundings is highly inhomogeneous.
description: 32 pages, 11 figures, SOM included. To appear in Science
Steinbruch und Bergwerk : Denkmäler römischer Technikgeschichte zwischen Eifel und Rhein ; Kataloghandbuch zu den Ausstellungen in den Museen von Mayen und Andernach
Creators: name: Unruh, Frank
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Steinbruch und Bergwerk : Denkmäler römischer Technikgeschichte zwischen Eifel und Rhein ; Kataloghandbuch zu den Ausstellungen in den Museen von Mayen und Andernach. Mainz : Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum, 2000. 161, 39 S. - (Vulkanpark-Forschungen ; 2). ISBN 3-88467-048-4
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 63 (2000): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Insights on Entanglement Entropy in $1+1$ Dimensional Causal Sets
Creators: name: Keseman, Théo
name: Muneesamy, Hans J.
name: Yazdi, Yasaman K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement entropy in causal sets offers a fundamentally covariant characterisation of quantum field degrees of freedom. A known result in this context is that the degrees of freedom consist of a number of contributions that have continuum-like analogues, in addition to a number of contributions that do not. The latter exhibit features below the discreteness scale and are excluded from the entanglement entropy using a "truncation scheme". This truncation is necessary to recover the standard spatial area law of entanglement entropy. In this paper we build on previous work on the entanglement entropy of a massless scalar field on a causal set approximated by a 1+1D causal diamond in Minkowski spacetime. We present new insights into the truncated contributions, including evidence that they behave as fluctuations and encode features specific to a particular causal set sprinkling. We extend previous results in the massless theory to include Rényi entropies and include new results for the massive theory. We also discuss the implications of our work for the treatment of entanglement entropy in causal sets in more general settings.
description: 25 pages, 18 figures
Semiclassical Pictures of Gravity: Investigating and Testing Non-Linear Theories of Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Scully, Sabina
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2022

description: The question of how to unify quantum mechanics with general relativity is one of the most difficult, far-reaching questions of modern physics. This thesis investigates one potentinal answer to that question: semiclassical gravity, for the purpose of determining experimental parameters that can be used to test the theory. It examines two branches of semiclassical gravity theories: the Schrodinger-Newton equation, and a new formulation called Causal Conditional Collapse. The Schrodinger-Newton Equation is a theory of semiclassical gravity that has recently been shown to provide testable, falsifiable predictions using optomechanical oscillators. This thesis derives and uses a Taylor expansion of the Schrodinger-Newton equation, and examines it in the mathematical context, then models it for a series of experimental devices - some extant, some in development - and compares the predictions of the model to the noise floor of the systems to determine whether the device in question could detect Schrodinger-Newton semiclassical gravity. It is shown that the prototype device for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna; LISA Pathfinder, had sufficient sensitivity to detect the effects of Schrodinger-Newton semiclassical gravity, and so this data was used to rule the theory out, by comparing the empirical data to the modelled prediction. Causal Conditional Collapse is a new formulation of semiclassical gravity developed in response to the LISA Pathfinder results, which draws on the Transactional Interpretation to restrict the propagation of wave function collapse to light cones. This formalism allows for the linearisation of the nonlinear gravitational self-interaction term common to all semiclassical gravity theories, and allows us to construct a Wiener-Hopf filter to treat the semiclassical gravitational potential as a feedback force. Using this linearised, feed-back equivalent formalism, we construct new models, comparing them to the LISA Pathfinder, and and other experimental systems, and find that the signal of Causal Conditional Collapse is much harder to detect than that of the Schr\"odinger-Newton equation - the semiclassical signature is sufficiently small that the theory cannot currently be ruled out given current experimental noise constraints.
Jahresbericht des Landesamtes für Denkmalpflege, Abteilung Archäologische Denkmalpflege, Amt Trier, für den Stadtbereich Trier 1998
Creators: name: Clemens, Lukas
name: Löhr, Hartwig
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2019

description: [nicht vorhanden]
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 63 (2000): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Horofunction compactifications of symmetric cones under Finsler distances
Creators: name: Lemmens, Bas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we consider symmetric cones as symmetric spaces equipped with invariant Finsler distances, namely the Thompson distance and the Hilbert distance. We establish a correspondence between the horofunction compactification of a symmetric cone $A_+^\circ$ under these invariant Finsler distances and the horofunction compactification of the normed space in the tangent bundle. More precisely, for the Thompson distance on $A^\circ_+$ we show that the exponential map extends as a homeomorphism between the horofunction compactification of the normed space in the tangent bundle, which is a JB-algebra, and the horofunction compactification of $A_+^\circ$. We give a complete characteristation of the Thompson distance horofunctions and provide an explicit extension of the exponential map. Analogues results are established for the Hilbert distance on the projective cone $PA_+^\circ$. The analysis yields a geometric description of the horofunction compactifications of these spaces in terms of the facial structure of the closed unit ball of the dual norm of the norm in the tangent space.
description: 22 pages, Minor corrections to previous version
Neuerwerbungen der Mittelalterlichen und Neuzeitlichen Abteilung des Rheinischen Landesmuseums Trier 1998
Creators: name: Seewaldt, Peter
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2019

description: [nicht vorhanden]
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 63 (2000): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Evaluation of species differences in the metabolism of the selective NaV1.7 inhibitor DS-1971a, a mixed substrate of cytochrome P450 and aldehyde oxidase
Creators: name: Asano, Daigo
name: Shibayama, Takahiro
name: Shiozawa, Hideyuki
name: Inoue, Shin-ichi
name: Shinozuka, Tsuyoshi
name: Murata, Shinji
name: Watanabe, Nobuaki
name: Yoshinari, Kouichi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Nonclinical metabolite profiling of DS-1971a, a potent selective NaV1.7 inhibitor, was performed to predict human metabolites.After the oral administration of radiolabelled DS-1971a, the predominant metabolite in mouse plasma was M4, a monoxide at the pyrimidine ring, while the major metabolites with the first and second highest exposure in monkey plasma were M2, a monoxide at the cyclohexane ring, and M11, a demethylated pyrazole metabolite.Incubation studies with liver cytosolic and microsomal fractions in the absence or presence of NADPH indicated that the metabolising enzyme responsible for M4 formation was aldehyde oxidase (AO), while cytochrome P450s (P450s) were responsible for M2 and M11 formation. These results suggest that DS-1971a is a substrate for both AO and P450.When DS-1971a was incubated with liver S9 fractions and NADPH, the most abundant metabolites were M4 in mice, and M2 and M11 in monkeys, indicating that the results of in vitro incubation studies could provide information reflecting the in vivo plasma metabolite profiles in mice and monkeys. The results obtained from the incubation with the human liver S9 fraction and NADPH suggested that a major circulating metabolite in humans is M1, a regioisomer of M2. Nonclinical metabolite profiling of DS-1971a, a potent selective NaV1.7 inhibitor, was performed to predict human metabolites. After the oral administration of radiolabelled DS-1971a, the predominant metabolite in mouse plasma was M4, a monoxide at the pyrimidine ring, while the major metabolites with the first and second highest exposure in monkey plasma were M2, a monoxide at the cyclohexane ring, and M11, a demethylated pyrazole metabolite. Incubation studies with liver cytosolic and microsomal fractions in the absence or presence of NADPH indicated that the metabolising enzyme responsible for M4 formation was aldehyde oxidase (AO), while cytochrome P450s (P450s) were responsible for M2 and M11 formation. These results suggest that DS-1971a is a substrate for both AO and P450. When DS-1971a was incubated with liver S9 fractions and NADPH, the most abundant metabolites were M4 in mice, and M2 and M11 in monkeys, indicating that the results of in vitro incubation studies could provide information reflecting the in vivo plasma metabolite profiles in mice and monkeys. The results obtained from the incubation with the human liver S9 fraction and NADPH suggested that a major circulating metabolite in humans is M1, a regioisomer of M2.
Rieckhoff, Sabine, Die Kelten in Deutschland
Creators: name: Unruh, Frank
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Rieckhoff, Sabine, Die Kelten in Deutschland. Stuttgart : Theiss, 2001. 542 S.. ISBN 3-8062-1367-4
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 64 (2001): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
How the merger of two white dwarfs depends on their mass ratio: orbital stability and detonations at contact
Creators: name: Dan, Marius
name: Rosswog, Stephan
name: Guillochon, James
name: Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite their unique astrophysical relevance, the outcome of white dwarf binary mergers has so far only been studied for a very restricted number of systems. Here we present the results of a survey with more than two hundred simulations systematically scanning the white dwarf binary parameter space. We consider white dwarf masses ranging from 0.2 to 1.2 $M_\odot$ and account for their different chemical compositions. We find excellent agreement with the orbital evolution predicted by mass transfer stability analysis. Much of our effort in this paper is dedicated to determining which binary systems are prone to a thermonuclear explosion just prior to merger or at surface contact. We find that a large fraction of He-accreting binary systems explode: all dynamically unstable systems with accretor masses below 1.1 $M_\odot$ and donor masses above $\sim$ 0.4 $M_\odot$ are found to trigger a helium detonation at surface contact. A substantial fraction of these systems could explode at earlier times via detonations induced by instabilities in the accretion stream, as we have demonstrated in our previous work. We do not find definitive evidence for an explosion prior to merger or at surface contact in any of the studied double carbon-oxygen systems. Although we cannot exclude their occurrence if some helium is present, the available parameter space for a successful detonation in a white dwarf binary of pure carbon-oxygen composition is small. We demonstrate that a wide variety of dynamically unstable systems are viable type Ia candidates. The next decade thus holds enormous promise for the study of these events, in particular with the advent of wide-field synoptic surveys allowing a detailed characterization of their explosive properties.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Qudit surface codes and hypermap codes
Creators: name: Lei, Zihan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we define homological quantum codes in arbitrary qudit dimensions $D\geq 2$ by directly defining CSS operators on a 2-Complex $Σ$. If the 2-Complex is constructed from a surface, we obtain a qudit surface code. We then prove that the dimension of the code we define always equals the size of the first homology group of $Σ$. We also define the distance of the codes in this setting, finding that they share similar properties with their qubit counterpart. Additionally, we generalize the hypermap-homology quantum code proposed by Martin Leslie to the qudit case. For every such hypermap code, we construct an abstract 2-Complex whose homological quantum code is equivalent to the hypermap code.
Essential Self-Adjointness of Linear Operators on Hilbert Spaces and Spectral Theory
Creators: name: Circelli, Fabian
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2022
Subjects: mathematics
pure mathematics
operator theory
self-adjoint
essential self-adjointness
Hilbert spaces
differential operators
differential operator
spectral theorem
unbounded operator
unbounded operators
non-commutative geometry

description: Essential Self-Adjointness of Linear Operators on Hilbert Spaces and Spectral Theory Abstract: Unbounded linear operators are ubiquitous in mathematics and its applications. For example, differential operators are not in general bounded. The need for a framework in which to study these operators naturally leads to unbounded opera- tor theory. There is a spectral theorem for unbounded operators, allowing a functional calculus to be constructed for any self-adjoint operator. Self-adjointness is essential for this theorem, so questions of when an operator is merely symmetric, or self-adjoint, or perhaps essentially self-adjoint, are of interest. In this paper, we prove a version of the spectral theorem for tuples of unbounded operators, which is somewhat of a folklore theorem in the literature. We then apply this spectral theorem to generalise a result concerning the essential self-adjointness of a differential operator on Euclidean space satisfying certain conditions. The proof in this paper generalises the result to an arbitrary Hilbert space, where the operators are not assumed to be differential operators.
Jacomet, Stefanie, Archäobotanik
Creators: name: König, Margarethe
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Jacomet, Stefanie, Archäobotanik. Stuttgart : Ulmer, 1998. 368 S. - (UTB für Wissenschaft). ISBN 3-8252-8158-2
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 64 (2001): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Nominal number and gender in Kufo: A description of its derivational and inflectional systems
Creators: name: Mullan, Keira
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2022
Subjects: linguistics
African languages
morphology
syntax
gender
number

description: Kufo is a Kadu language traditionally spoken in the Nuba Mountains in Sudan of which the broader affiliations remain unclear. Due to ongoing conflict in the Nuba Mountains, there has been limited descriptive work done on languages of the region. This thesis uses data gathered through elicitation sessions with a diasporic Kufo speaker located in Australia to analyse the inflectional and derivational systems of nominal number and gender in the language. The study finds that Kufo nouns display tripartite numerative marking, using a combination of singulative, plurative, and equipollent number affixes. It also finds that Kufo exhibits a four-gender system of masculine, feminine, neuter I, and neuter II gender. Nouns trigger gender agreement in their base form when a base form is able to appear independently and in their singular form when a base form cannot appear independently. This thesis shows that Kufo numerative marking and gender are parallel systems of nominal classification. Nouns are being grouped on separate semantic criteria between the two categories. As the first substantive grammatical description of Kufo, this thesis provides data that can be referred to when trying to determine the broader affiliations and history of the Kadu languages, as well as contributing to the typology of nominal number and gender through describing the complex and interacting system Kufo displays.
Weber, Gerhard, Cambodunum-Kempten : Erste Hauptstadt der Provinz Raetien?
Creators: name: Unruh, Frank
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Weber, Gerhard, Cambodunum-Kempten : Erste Hauptstadt der Provinz Raetien?. Mainz : Zabern, 2000. IV, 155 S. - (Zaberns Bildbände zur Archäologie ; [38]). ISBN 3-8053-2691-2
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 64 (2001): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Exponential Convergence of Deep Operator Networks for Elliptic Partial Differential Equations
Creators: name: Marcati, Carlo
name: Schwab, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 35J15, 65N15, 65N35, 68T07

description: We construct and analyze approximation rates of deep operator networks (ONets) between infinite-dimensional spaces that emulate with an exponential rate of convergence the coefficient-to-solution map of elliptic second-order partial differential equations. In particular, we consider problems set in $d$-dimensional periodic domains, $d=1, 2, \dots$, and with analytic right-hand sides and coefficients. Our analysis covers linear, elliptic second order divergence-form PDEs as, e.g., diffusion-reaction problems, parametric diffusion equations, and elliptic systems such as linear isotropic elastostatics in heterogeneous materials. We leverage the exponential convergence of spectral collocation methods for boundary value problems whose solutions are analytic. In the present periodic and analytic setting, this follows from classical elliptic regularity. Within the ONet branch and trunk construction of [Chen and Chen, 1993] and of [Lu et al., 2021], we show the existence of deep ONets which emulate the coefficient-to-solution map to a desired accuracy in the $H^1$ norm, uniformly over the coefficient set. We prove that the neural networks in the ONet have size $\mathcal{O}(\left|\log(\varepsilon)\right|^κ)$, where $\varepsilon>0$ is the approximation accuracy, for some $κ>0$ depending on the physical space dimension.
Weighted analytic regularity for the integral fractional Laplacian in polygons
Creators: name: Faustmann, Markus
name: Marcati, Carlo
name: Melenk, Jens Markus
name: Schwab, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove weighted analytic regularity of solutions to the Dirichlet problem for the integral fractional Laplacian in polygons with analytic right-hand side. We localize the problem through the Caffarelli-Silvestre extension and study the tangential differentiability of the extended solutions, followed by bootstrapping based on Caccioppoli inequalities on dyadic decompositions of vertex, edge, and edge-vertex neighborhoods.
Zu den Schlacken und metallurgischen Zeugnissen beim Hügelgräberfeld von Hillesheim, Kreis Daun
Creators: name: Nortmann, Hans
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2019

description: [nicht vorhanden]
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 64 (2001): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Rethinking Influence Functions of Neural Networks in the Over-parameterized Regime
Creators: name: Zhang, Rui
name: Zhang, Shihua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Understanding the black-box prediction for neural networks is challenging. To achieve this, early studies have designed influence function (IF) to measure the effect of removing a single training point on neural networks. However, the classic implicit Hessian-vector product (IHVP) method for calculating IF is fragile, and theoretical analysis of IF in the context of neural networks is still lacking. To this end, we utilize the neural tangent kernel (NTK) theory to calculate IF for the neural network trained with regularized mean-square loss, and prove that the approximation error can be arbitrarily small when the width is sufficiently large for two-layer ReLU networks. We analyze the error bound for the classic IHVP method in the over-parameterized regime to understand when and why it fails or not. In detail, our theoretical analysis reveals that (1) the accuracy of IHVP depends on the regularization term, and is pretty low under weak regularization; (2) the accuracy of IHVP has a significant correlation with the probability density of corresponding training points. We further borrow the theory from NTK to understand the IFs better, including quantifying the complexity for influential samples and depicting the variation of IFs during the training dynamics. Numerical experiments on real-world data confirm our theoretical results and demonstrate our findings.
description: To appear in AAAI 2022
Sanke, Markus, Die mittelalterliche Keramikproduktion in Brühl-Pingsdorf : Technologie, Typologie, Chronologie
Creators: name: Siemers, Sven-Hinrich
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Sanke, Markus, Die mittelalterliche Keramikproduktion in Brühl-Pingsdorf : Technologie, Typologie, Chronologie. Mainz : Zabern, 2002. 319 S. - (Rheinische Ausgrabungen ; 50). ISBN 3-8053-2878-8
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 65 (2002): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Wolters, Reinhard, Nummi signati : Untersuchungen zur römischen Münzprägung und Geldwirtschaft
Creators: name: Loscheider, Robert
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Wolters, Reinhard, Nummi signati : Untersuchungen zur römischen Münzprägung und Geldwirtschaft. München : Beck, 1999. VIII, 475 S. - (Vestigia ; 49). ISBN 3-406-42923-8
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 65 (2002): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Vom Reliquiar zum Kunstobjekt : Ein Emailkästchen aus Trier-St. Paulin im Rheinischen Landesmuseum Trier
Creators: name: Hofmann-Kastner, Iris
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2019

description: [nicht vorhanden]
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 65 (2002): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Brather, Sebastian, Ethnische Interpretationen in der frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie : Geschichte, Grundlagen und Alternativen
Creators: name: Haas, Jochen
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Brather, Sebastian, Ethnische Interpretationen in der frühgeschichtlichen Archäologie : Geschichte, Grundlagen und Alternativen. Berlin : de Gruyter, 2004. X, 807 S. - (Reallexikon der germanischen Altertumskunde : Ergänzungsbände ; 42). ISBN 3-11-018040-5
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 67/68 (2004/2005): Trierer Zeitschrift : Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Trier und das spätantike Städtewesen im Westen des römischen Reiches
Creators: name: Witschel, Christian
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2019

description: [nicht vorhanden]
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 67/68 (2004/2005): Trierer Zeitschrift : Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Quantum Walks of SU(2)_k Anyons on a Ladder
Creators: name: Lehman, L.
name: Ellinas, D.
name: Brennen, G. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of braiding interactions on single anyon dynamics using a quantum walk model on a quasi-1-dimensional ladder filled with stationary anyons. The model includes loss of information of the coin and nonlocal fusion degrees of freedom on every second time step, such that the entanglement between the position states and the exponentially growing auxiliary degrees of freedom is lost. The computational complexity of numerical calculations reduces drastically from the fully coherent anyonic quantum walk model, allowing for relatively long simulations for anyons which are spin-1/2 irreps of SU(2)_k Chern-Simons theory. We find that for Abelian anyons, the walk retains the ballistic spreading velocity just like particles with trivial braiding statistics. For non-Abelian anyons, the numerical results indicate that the spreading velocity is linearly dependent on the number of time steps. By approximating the Kraus generators of the time evolution map by circulant matrices, it is shown that the spatial probability distribution for the k=2 walk, corresponding to Ising model anyons, is equal to the classical unbiased random walk distribution.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Toward the creation of terahertz graphene injection laser
Creators: name: Ryzhii, V.
name: Ryzhii, M.
name: Mitin, V.
name: Otsuji, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of population inversion associated with the electron and hole injection in graphene p-i-n structures at the room and slightly lower temperatures. It is assumed that the recombination and energy relaxation of electrons and holes is associated primarily with the interband and intraband processes assisted by optical phonons. The dependences of the electron-hole and optical phonon effective temperatures on the applied voltage, the current-voltage characteristics, and the frequency-dependent dynamic conductivity are calculated. In particular, we demonstrate that at low and moderate voltages the injection can lead to a pronounced cooling of the electron-hole plasma in the device i-section to the temperatures below the lattice temperature. However at higher voltages, the voltage dependences can be ambiguous exhibiting the S-shape. It is shown that the frequency-dependent dynamic conductivity can be negative in the terahertz range of freqiencies at certain values of the applied voltage. The electron-hole plasma cooling substantially reinforces the effect of negative dynamic conductivity and promotes the realization of terahertz lasing. On the other hand, the heating of optical phonon system can also be crucial affecting the realization of negative dynamic conductivity and terahertz lasing at the room temperatures.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
The Impact of Intestinal Inflammation on Nematode’s Excretory–Secretory Proteome
Creators: name: Maruszewska-Cheruiyot, M
name: Szewczak, L
name: Krawczak-Wójcik, K
name: Kierasińska, M
name: Stear, Michael
name: Donskow-Łysoniewska, K
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3107
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 3101
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology
classificationCode: 3404
subject: Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry

description: Parasitic nematodes and their products are promising candidates for therapeutics against inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Two species of nematodes, the hookworm Necator americanus and the whipworm Trichuis suis, are being used in clinical treatment trials of IBD referred to as “helminth therapy”. Heligmosomoides polygyrus is a well-known model for human hookworm infections. Excretory–secretory (ES) products of H. polygyrus L4 stage that developed during colitis show a different immunomodulatory effect compared to the ES of H. polgyrus from healthy mice. The aim of the study was to evaluate excretory–secretory proteins produced by H. polygyrus L4 stage males and females that developed in the colitic milieu. Mass spectrometry was used to identify proteins. Blast2GO was used to investigate the functions of the discovered proteins. A total of 387 proteins were identified in the ES of H. polygyrus L4 males (HpC males), and 330 proteins were identified in the ES of L4 females that developed in the colitic milieu (HpC females). In contrast, only 200 proteins were identified in the ES of L4 males (Hp males) and 218 in the ES of L4 females (Hp females) that developed in control conditions. Most of the proteins (123) were detected in all groups. Unique proteins identified in the ES of HpC females included annexin, lysozyme-2, apyrase, and galectin. Venom allergen/Ancylostoma-secreted protein-like, transthyretin-like family proteins, and galectins were found in the secretome of HpC males but not in the secretome of control males. These molecules may be responsible for the therapeutic effects of nematodes in DSS-induced colitis.
Eine Germanin in der Eifel : Zu einem Melonenwirtel aus Newel, Kreis Trier-Saarburg
Creators: name: Riemer, Ellen
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2019

description: [nicht vorhanden]
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 67/68 (2004/2005): Trierer Zeitschrift : Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Trierer Bildhauer der Spätrenaissance
Creators: name: Weiner, Andreas
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2019

description: [nicht vorhanden]
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 67/68 (2004/2005): Trierer Zeitschrift : Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Rekonstruktion einer spätantiken Diatretschale nach einer Scherbe aus den Kaiserthermen in Trier
Creators: name: Welzel, Josef
name: Finsterwalder, Herbert
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2019

description: [nicht vorhanden]
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 69/70 (2006/2007): Trierer Zeitschrift : Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
The Star Formation & Chemical Evolution History of the Sculptor Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy
Creators: name: de Boer, T. J. L.
name: Tolstoy, E.
name: Hill, V.
name: Saha, A.
name: Olsen, K.
name: Starkenburg, E.
name: Lemasle, B.
name: Irwin, M. J.
name: Battaglia, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have combined deep photometry in the B,V and I bands from CTIO/MOSAIC of the Sculptor dwarf spheroidal galaxy, going down to the oldest Main Sequence Turn-Offs, with spectroscopic metallicity distributions of Red Giant Branch stars. This allows us to obtain the most detailed and complete Star Formation History to date, as well as an accurate timescale for chemical enrichment. The Star Formation History shows that Sculptor is dominated by old ($>$10 Gyr), metal-poor stars, but that younger, more metal-rich populations are also present. Using Star Formation Histories determined at different radii from the centre we show that Sculptor formed stars with an increasing central concentration with time. The old, metal-poor populations are present at all radii, while more metal-rich, younger stars are more centrally concentrated. We find that within an elliptical radius of 1 degree, or 1.5 kpc from the centre, a total mass in stars of 7.8$\times10^{6}$ M$_{\odot}$ was formed, between 14 and 7 Gyr ago, with a peak at 13$-$14 Gyr ago. We use the detailed Star Formation History to determine age estimates for individual Red Giant Branch stars with high resolution spectroscopic abundances. Thus, for the first time, we can directly determine detailed timescales for the evolution of individual chemical elements. We find that the trends in alpha-elements match what is expected from an extended, relatively uninterrupted period of star formation continuing for 6$-$7 Gyr. The knee in the alpha-element distribution occurs at an age of 10.9$\pm$1Gyr, suggesting that SNe Ia enrichment began $\approx2\pm$1Gyr after the start of star formation in Sculptor.
description: 23 pages, 23 figures
A Lie-Rinehart algebra in general relativity
Creators: name: Blohmann, Christian
name: Schiavina, Michele
name: Weinstein, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 83C05, 37K06, 53D20

description: We construct a Lie-Rinehart algebra over an infinitesimal extension of the space of initial value fields for Einstein's equations. The bracket relations in this algebra are precisely those of the constraints for the initial value problem. The Lie-Rinehart algebra comes from a slight generalization of a Lie algebroid in which the algebra consists of sections of a sheaf rather than a vector bundle. (An actual Lie algebroid had been previously constructed by Blohmann, Fernandes, and Weinstein over a much larger extension.) The construction uses the BV-BFV (Batalin-Fradkin-Vilkovisky) approach to boundary value problems, starting with the Einstein equations themselves, to construct an $L_\infty$-algebroid over a graded manifold which extends the initial data. The Lie-Rinehart algebra is then constructed by a change of variables. One of the consequences of the BV-BFV approach is a proof that the coisotropic property of the constraint set follows from the invariance of the Einstein equations under space-time diffeomorphisms.
description: 35 pages; minor changes
Constraints on the CMB temperature redshift dependence from SZ and distance measurements
Creators: name: Avgoustidis, A.
name: Luzzi, G.
name: Martins, C. J. A. P.
name: Monteiro, A. M. R. V. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation between redshift and the CMB temperature, $T_{CMB}(z)=T_0(1+z)$ is a key prediction of standard cosmology, but is violated in many non-standard models. Constraining possible deviations to this law is an effective way to test the $Λ$CDM paradigm and search for hints of new physics. We present state-of-the-art constraints, using both direct and indirect measurements. In particular, we point out that in models where photons can be created or destroyed, not only does the temperature-redshift relation change, but so does the distance duality relation, and these departures from the standard behaviour are related, providing us with an opportunity to improve constraints. We show that current datasets limit possible deviations of the form $T_{CMB}(z)=T_0(1+z)^{1-β}$ to be $β=0.004\pm0.016$ up to a redshift $z\sim 3$. We also discuss how, with the next generation of space and ground-based experiments, these constraints can be improved by more than one order of magnitude.
description: 27 pages, 11 figures
Axial-vector form factor of nucleons at finite temperature from the AdS/QCD soft-wall model
Creators: name: Mamedov, Shahin
name: Nasibova, Narmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The axial-vector form factor of the nucleons is studied at a finite temperature using the holographic soft-wall model with the thermal dilaton field. We use the bulk interaction action known from the zero temperature case and apply the profile functions of fields thermalized by the interaction with the thermal dilaton field. The dependence of the axial form factor on the square of the transferred momentum and the temperature is plotted for the ground and excited states of the nucleons.
description: 20 pages, 17 figures, minor correction, added a reference
Griechische Souvenirs : Antike Münzen aus Philippopolis und Perinth aus der Mosel bei Trier
Creators: name: Gilles, Karl-Josef
name: Weisser, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2019

description: [nicht vorhanden]
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 69/70 (2006/2007): Trierer Zeitschrift : Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Lifshitz formula for the Casimir force and the Gelfand-Yaglom theorem
Creators: name: Ttira, C. Ccapa
name: Fosco, C. D.
name: Mazzitelli, F. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a Quantum Field Theory derivation of Lifshitz formula for the Casimir force due to a fluctuating real scalar field in $d+1$ dimensions. The field is coupled to two imperfect, thick, plane mirrors, which are modeled by background potentials localized on their positions. The derivation proceeds from the calculation of the vacuum energy in the Euclidean version of the system, reducing the problem to the evaluation of a functional determinant. The latter is written, via Gelfand-Yaglom's formula, in terms of functions depending on the structure of the potential describing each mirror; those functions encode the properties which are relevant to the Casimir force and are the reflection coefficients evaluated at imaginary frequencies.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
Huhn, Rebhuhn, Aal und Wels : Zu den Tierknochenfunden aus dem Kloster St. Irminen-Oeren in Trier (8. und 10. Jahrhundert)
Creators: name: Schoon, Reinhold
name: Clemens, Lukas
name: Heinrich, Dirk
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2019

description: [nicht vorhanden]
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 69/70 (2006/2007): Trierer Zeitschrift : Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Effects of anisotropy and disorder on the superconducting properties of Niobium
Creators: name: Zarea, Mehdi
name: Ueki, Hikaru
name: Sauls, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results for the superconducting transition temperature and anisotropic energy gap for pure Niobium based on Eliashberg's equations and electron and phonon band structures computed from density functional theory. The electronic band structure is used to construct the Fermi surface and calculate the Fermi velocity at each point on the Fermi surface.The phonon bands are in excellent agreement with inelastic neutron scattering data. The corresponding phonon density of states and electron-phonon coupling define the electron-phonon spectral function, $α^2F({\bf p},{\bf p}';ω)$, and the corresponding electron-phonon pairing interaction, which is the basis for computing the superconducting properties. The electron-phonon spectral function is good agreement with existing tunneling spectroscopy data except for the spectral weight of the longitudinal phonon peak at $\hbarω_{\text{LO}}=23\,\mbox{meV}$. We obtain an electron-phonon coupling constant of $λ=1.057$, renormalized Coulomb interaction, $μ^{\star}=0.218$ and transition temperature $T_c=9.33\,\mbox{K}$. The corresponding strong-coupling gap at $T=0$ is modestly enhanced, $Δ_0=1.55\,\mbox{meV}$, compared to the weak-coupling BCS value $Δ_0^{\text{wc}}=1.78\,k_{\mbox{b}}\,T_c= 1.43\,\mbox{meV}$. The superconducting gap function exhibits substantial anisotropy on the Fermi surface. We analyze the distribution of gap anisotropy and compute the suppression of the superconducting transition temperature using a self-consistent T-matrix theory for quasiparticle-impurity scattering to describe Niobium doped with non-magnetic impurities. We compare these results with experimental results on Niobium SRF cavities doped with Nitrogen impurities.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures with Tables