cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Food web on ice: a pragmatic approach to investigate the trophic magnification of chemicals of concern
Creators: name: Koschorreck, Jan
name: Kosfeld, Verena
name: Rüdel, Heinz
name: Rauert, Caren
name: Schlechtriem, Christian
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Bioakkumulation
Biomagnifikation
Aquatische Nahrungskette
Süßwasser
Fisch
Plankton

description: Background The trophic magnification factor (TMF) is a metric that describes the average trophic magnification of a chemical through a food web. TMFs may be used for the risk assessment of chemicals, although TMFs for single compounds can vary considerably between studies despite thorough guidance available in the literature to eliminate potential sources of error. The practical realization of a TMF investigation is quite complex and often only a few chemicals can be investigated due to low sample masses. This study evaluated whether a pragmatic approach involving the large-scale cryogenic sample preparation practices of the German Environmental Specimen Bank (ESB) is feasible. This approach could provide sufficient sample masses for a reduced set of samples allowing screenings for a broad spectrum of substances and by that enabling a systematic comparison of derived TMFs. Furthermore, it was assessed whether plausible TMFs can be derived with the â€ÌFood web on iceâ€Ì approach via a comparison with literature TMF values. Results This investigation at Lake Templin near Potsdam is the first TMF study for a German freshwater ecosystem and aimed to derive TMFs that are appropriate for regulatory purposes. A set of 15 composite biota samples was obtained and analyzed for an extended set of benchmark chemicals such as persistent organic pollutants, mercury and perfluoroalkyl substances. TMFs were calculated for all substances that were present inâ€ >â€ 80% of the biota samples. For example, in the case of polychlorinated biphenyls, TMFs from 1.7 to 2.5 were determined and comparisons to literature TMFs determined in other freshwater ecosystems showed similarities. We showed that 32 out of 35 compounds analyzed had TMFs significantly above 1. In the remaining three cases, the correlations were not statistically significant. Conclusions The derived food web samples allow for an on-demand analysis and are ready-to-use for additional investigations. Since substances with non-lipophilic accumulation properties were also included in the list of analyzed substances, we conclude that the 'Food web on ice' provides samples which could be used to characterize the trophic magnification potential of substances with unknown bioaccumulation properties in the future which in return could be compared directly to the benchmarking patterns provided here. © The Author(s) 2021
Three dimensional trapping of Mie metallic particles by the use of obstructed laser beams
Creators: name: Gu, Min
name: Morrish, Dru
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: In this article, we propose a method for three-dimensional optical trapping of metallic Mie particles using an obstructed laser beam. It is found from the ray-optics model that Mie gold, silver, and copper particles can be trapped against gravity in the focal region of a high numerical-aperture objective illuminated by a centrally obstructed Gaussian (TEM00-mode) beam. The axial trapping force of the three types of metallic particles is maximized in the near-infrared wavelength region. The maximum axial trapping efficiency increases with the size of the center obstruction and the aperture angle of an objective. Axial trapping force on Mie metallic particles is enhanced by a factor of two if an obstructed doughnut (TEM-mode) beam is employed. The experimental condition for achieving three-dimensional trapping is also discussed.
Saliva Diagnosis as a Disease Predictor
Creators: name: McGeer, Patrick L
name: Lee, Moonhee
name: Kennedy, Krista
name: McGeer, Edith G
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2020

description: Background: Saliva, the most readily available body fluid, is the product of genes which are in constant activity throughout life. Measurement of saliva can predict the onset of some diseases years before their accumulation in vulnerable tissues causes clinical signs to appear. The purpose of this study was is to demonstrate current applications of saliva analysis and to predict and prevent disease progression. Methods: We measured levels of Abeta42, C-reactive proteins (CRPs), and tumornecrosis factors (TNFs) in saliva from both healthy and fatal diseased cases such as cancer, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and coronary heart disease by ELISA-mediated techniques. We also immunostained human tissue sections with antibodies specific to these proteins to demonstrate the data are comparable. Results: We found all the proteins expressed constantly in saliva from healthy controls but increased in diseased cases. This was accompanied by data from immunohistochemistry. It was also found that these proteins wereexpressed in high amounts in some healthy controls, which reflects high risk for the onset of diseases such as AD and heart diseases.Conclusions: It is concluded that measuring changes in essential gene products in saliva can predict onset of fatal diseases and open the door to effective protection measures, thus preventing premature death.
A Role for the Phosphoinositide Lipid Kinase PI4KIIIbeta in Breast Oncogenesis and Akt Activation
Creators: name: Morrow, Anne
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2014
Subjects: Breast cancer
Phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase III beta
Phosphoinositides
Filopodia
Akt
Rab11

description: The lipid kinase phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase III β (PI4KIIIβ) phosphorylates phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) to generate PI(4)P in the Golgi. PI4KIIIβ is likely involved in the development of breast cancer as it has been reported genetically amplified in a subset of human breast tumours and is a downstream effector of the eukaryotic elongation factor 1 alpha 2 (eEF1A2), a transforming gene that is amplified and highly expressed in approximately 60% of human breast tumours. The goal of my thesis is to investigate a role for PI4KIIIβ in breast oncogenesis. We show that PI4KIIIβ is highly expressed in approximately 20% of primary human breast tumours. Overexpression of PI4KIIIβ in an invasive breast ductal carcinomas cell line, BT549, increased the production of filopodial actin filament protrusions and enhanced in vitro proliferative capacity. Enhanced PI4KIIIβ expression did not impact the migratory rate of these breast cancer cells. We found that PI4KIIIβ expression activates Akt kinase in the BT549 breast cancer cell line. PI4KIIIβ overexpression led to an increase in the plasma membrane abundance of the PI3K derived PI(3,4,5)P3/PI(3,4)P2 lipids, upstream activators of Akt signalling. PI(4)P and PI(4,5)P2 are precursors to PI(3,4,5)P3 and PI(3,4)P2 generation, however, no changes in the overall cellular abundance or localization of PI(4)P or PI(4,5)P2 were detected in PI4KIIIβ-overexpressing cells. Inhibition of PI4KIIIβ kinase activity, using the drug Pik93, had no effect on PI4KIIIβ-mediated Akt activation. Additionally, ectopic expression of a catalytically inactive PI4KIIIβ also led to increased Akt activity and PI(3,4,5)P3/PI(3,4)P2 plasma membrane abundance. Together, this implies that PI4KIIIβ regulates Akt independently of PI(4)P generation. The PI4KIIIβ interacting protein, Rab11, is likely involved in PI4KIIIβ mediated Akt activation, as RNAi-mediated depletion of Rab11 suppressed the effect of PI4KIIIβ overexpression on Akt activation. Furthermore, PI4KIIIβ overexpression altered cellular Rab11 distribution and led to enhanced recruitment of PI4KIIIβ and Rab11 to recycling endosomes. Therefore, PI4KIIIβ is highly expressed in a subset of breast tumours and upregulated PI4KIIIβ expression enhances filopodia production and cell growth in vitro. Enhanced PI4KIIIβ expression increases PI(3,4,5)P3/PI(3,4)P2 plasma membrane abundance and Akt activation independently of its kinase function, through a mechanism that likely involves Rab11. This work suggests that PI4KIIIβ impacts breast oncogenesis by regulating PI3K/Akt signalling through Rab11 and endosomal trafficking.
A procedure for the design of storage facilities for instream erosion control in urban streams.
Creators: name: MacRae, Craig R.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Civil.

description: It is demonstrated that the greatest increase in erosion potential is associated with moderate flow events (recurrence interval less then 1:1.5 years). The importance of the bank toe stratigraphic unit is also explored using field observations of bank structure. The implication on design methodology is the need to address scour potential on a point by point basis about a channel perimeter to account for variations in material characteristics and bank structure relative to the change in flow geometry. Channel response scenarios showing initial, intermediate and long term channel form in response to an alteration in flow and sediment regimes are developed; wherein channel form is initially determined by the relative difference between the erodibility of the bed and least resistance bank toe stratigraphic units, and ultimately by the relative difference between sediment load characteristics and stream competence. Consequently, the degree of storage control must balance erosive and sedimentation processes to ensure long term stability. These two process are incorporated into a proposed index of scour potential. The index compares sediment mass balance at a point on the channel periphery before and after development. Scour potential is addressed by creating a sub-index which is equated with excess shear potential. Integration of the sub-index with respect to time provides an index which is a measure of the temporal variation in erosion potential. It is argued that changes in erosion potential are minimized if the index is maintained constant with pre-development values. It follows that the channel should remain stable if the transverse distribution of the index is also maintained constant with the pre-development distribution. The ability of the index to represent scour potential is demonstrated through a one to one correspondence between the rank of index values with a ranking of depths of degradation as predicted using a one-dimensional mobile bed model. Several bed load sediment transport relations based on excess shear stress concepts are evaluated as a basis for the estimation of mass balance. It is acknowledged that the relation used will vary with site specific conditions and user preference. A procedure is then proposed for the development of flow criteria which would limit changes in flow geometry associated with urbanization by accounting for variations in boundary material resistance to scour about the channel perimeter. The amount of storage control required was found to vary with the resistance to scour of the least resistant bed or bank stratigraphic unit. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
POLLEN AND STARCH ANALYSIS OF GROUNDSTONE FROM SWALLOW SHELTER (5JF321), COLORADO
Creators: name: Cummings, Linda Scott
name: Moutoux, Thomas E.
Year: 2002
Subjects: Central Colorado
Swallow Shelter
Pollen
Ceramic
Ground Stone
Starch Analysis
Ceramic Sherd
Metate Fragments
Pollen Analysis
Data Recovery / Excavation

description: Twelve metate fragments and a single ceramic sherd from Swallow Shelter in central Colorado were examined to provide evidence of vegetal foods that might have been processed. These metates were recovered from levels 3 through 20, representing much of the stratigraphic sequence of occupation at this site. Radiocarbon ages associated with these levels range from 1100 to 3200 BP.
Supplementary document for Deep learning of image- and time-domain data enhances visibility of structures in optoacoustic tomography - 5211163.pdf
Creators: name: Davoudi, Neda
name: Özbek, Ali
name: Lafci, Berkan
name: DEÁN-BEN, XOSÉ
name: Razansky, Daniel
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary Document
La coscienza della libertà.
Una lettura del De Consolatione Philosophiae di Severino Boezio
Creators: name: Fedriga, Riccardo
Publisher: name: Doctor Virtualis
Year: 2008

description: Il problema filosofico di Boezio, già chiaro sin dalla comparsa sulla scena di Filosofia, risiede nel tentativo di chiarire come si possano avere conoscenze stabili, cioè necessarie, di cose mutevoli, cioè contingenti, ed è un problema di coesistenza tra le une e le altre. Una lettura filosofica che, trasposta in termini teologici, porta a questa idea di creazione: un mondo contingente creato da un Dio, in sé necessario, che nel momento in cui crea lo fa in relazione ai suoi modi di conoscere, cioè necessitando in modo condizionato le cose esistenti. In tal modo, egli fonda la nostra conoscenza del mondo e quella di noi stessi che il mondo vediamo, pensiamo e giudichiamo mentre vediamo, pensiamo e giudichiamo di vedere, pensare e giudicare il mondo.La storia della Consolatio Philosophiae è la storia tragica di quell’ipotetico generale, di cui scrive Musil, che per ragioni strategiche manda dei battaglioni alla morte sicura, ed è un assassino se si pensa che si tratta di migliaia di figli di mamma; ma diventa subito qualcos’altro se si connette il fatto con altri pensieri, per esempio con la necessità del sacrificio o la brevità della vita. È poi la storia tragica della presa d’atto di quanto sia utile ma falso il tentativo di chi considera la vita che si presenta dinnanzi come un dato fisso e fermo. E lo è perché è la contemporanea storia del tragico tentativo di fondare il pensiero sul mondo a partire dalla consapevolezza che il mondo potrebbe mutare in ogni istante in tutte le direzioni, o almeno in una qualunque di esse.
description: Doctor Virtualis, N° 8 (2008): Tracce di debolezza nel pensiero medievale
Costruzione della teologia e unità della ragione in Tommaso d’Aquino.
Una possibile interpretazione del Super Boetium De Trinitate
Creators: name: Bottarini, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Doctor Virtualis
Year: 2008

description: La teologia, come scienza e sapienza, non  asseconda o compie l’ideale di una ragione “forte”, che faccia tutt’uno con la conoscenza speculativa: per una simile ragione – e per la teologia che ne consegue – il significato della realtà, sebbene rivelato, non smette di essere un dato indifferente alla libertà della creatura. In essa Tommaso esprime   piuttosto la consapevolezza dello scacco cui la ragione va incontro se considera assoluto il criterio soltanto teoretico della verità, dimenticando che il senso dell’essere è piuttosto l’esito possibile di un processo vitale libero, offerto alla  creatura restituita alla propria integrità relazionale. In questa prospettiva, e nel contesto delle discussioni intorno alla scientificità della teologia e all’unità della ragione che si svolgono a Parigi nel corso del XIII secolo, la peculiare costruzione della teologia in Tommaso risulta proposta di un modello relazionale di ragione e di conoscenza, attento alle opportunità ma anche ai rischi propri di un quadro filosofico caratterizzato dall’influenza di Aristotele.
description: Doctor Virtualis, N° 8 (2008): Tracce di debolezza nel pensiero medievale
Pono tibi istam: “Tu curris”.
Uno sguardo alla teoria medievale delle obbligazioni
Creators: name: Strobino, Riccardo
Publisher: name: Doctor Virtualis
Year: 2008

description: La teoria delle obbligazioni rappresenta un significativo esempio di come un insieme di tecniche logiche possa essere applicato, in maniera feconda, a contesti disputazionali in cui la dimensione dialogica e l’interazione tra soggetti coinvolti in un confronto dialettico hanno un ruolo di primo piano.   L’attenzione che numerosi studiosi hanno manifestato nei confronti di questa parte della logica modernorum negli ultimi quarat’anni testimonia la profondità e la difficoltà dei problemi teorici che stanno alla base della teoria.   Molte interpretazioni sono state avanzate circa le motivazioni che spingono i logici medievali a scrivere trattati in cui il portato delle loro dottrine logiche – come, ad esempio, la teoria delle consequentiae - viene declinato ed elaboratamente applicato al gioco dialettico tra due disputanti. La gamma di tali letture comprende differenti ipotesi: la teoria delle obbligazioni potrebbe fornire un nucleo di regole per l’impostazione di un metodo assiomatico rudimentale così come rappresentare un tentativo di elaborare esercizi volti a valutare le capacità logiche degli studenti o, ancora, un gioco teorico, svincolato dall’effettiva applicazione a contesti concreti, la cui finalità sarebbe il mantenimento della coerenza logica.   E’ stata sostenuta da più interpreti la funzione pedagogica svolta dalla teoria, al di là del fatto che si tratti o meno di un metodo per la conduzione effettiva di dispute reali. Un’altra linea interpretativa collega la teoria delle obbligazioni al contesto della letteratura dei sophismata e degli insolubilia, dal cui repertorio, in effetti, sono spesso tratti molti degli esempi che si incontrano nella lettura dei trattati de obligationibus. In questo senso, la teoria offrirebbe regole e schemi di risposta che un interlocutore deve utilizzare per risolvere o rispondere a enunciati problematici o paradossali. Non si può escludere, inoltre, che nella teoria si realizzi un intreccio delle differenti motivazioni sopra esposte: potrebbe trattarsi di uno strumento che viene sviluppato tanto per la risoluzione di sophismata e insolubilia quanto per indagare il rapporto tra linguaggio e metalinguaggio o altre questioni teoriche. Altri studiosi hanno infine sostenuto  che lo scopo della teoria delle obbligazioni consisterebbe nell’elaborazione di un metodo adatto alla costruzione e alla discussione di esperimenti mentali e che questo costituirebbe una sorta di metametodologia della scienza medievale sulla linea del ragionamento secundum imaginationem.
description: Doctor Virtualis, N° 8 (2008): Tracce di debolezza nel pensiero medievale
Potenza di Dio e contingenza
Creators: name: Sechi, Michela
Publisher: name: Doctor Virtualis
Year: 2008

description: Forse si tratta solo di un’analogia, ma la distinzione tardo-medievale tra potenza assoluta e ordinata di Dio presenta un’aria di famiglia con alcune argomentazioni di carattere ermeneutico ­– psicanalitico dei primi decenni del XX secolo: in entrambi i casi ci si trova alle prese con quello che si potrebbe definire discorso sull’origine, quell’origine da cui, in qualche maniera, nasce un ordine.
description: Doctor Virtualis, N° 8 (2008): Tracce di debolezza nel pensiero medievale
Un unico partito possibile?
Teodicea e determinismo nel pensiero di John Wyclif
Creators: name: Campi, Luigi
Publisher: name: Doctor Virtualis
Year: 2008

description: La riflessione del maestro inglese può senz’altro essere considerata per molti versi forte: basti pensare alla piena fiducia riposta nella convergenza di ragione e fede e nella sinergia di metafisica realista e logica della scrittura. Tuttavia, non mancano tracce di debolezza: il discorso teologico del primo Wyclif non solo è più complesso e articolato di quanto non si sia soliti pensare, ma oltretutto sembra condurre a conclusioni ben lontane dall’affermazione estrema e urtante di un unico partito possibile per Dio e per l’uomo. Quanto alle formulazioni più mature, oltre alla possibilità di rintracciare indizi di debolezza nello spirito delle tesi giovanili, sembra anche attestabile la presenza di tracce di indebolimento: questo è il bilancio da trarre circa gli interventi correttivi cui Wyclif sottopose le proprie dottrine teologiche, private con il procedere degli anni del sostegno garantito dai ben congegnati argomenti filosofici.  La stessa ricezione del suo pensiero da parte della tradizione (avversa o favorevole che fosse) può dirsi debole, viziata da fraintendimenti e da letture unilaterali, nonché spesso priva del conforto di riscontri testuali.  Il ritratto ben noto del riformatore inglese – alla luce di quanto detto sin qui – reclama forse un ricorso più convinto al chiaro-scuro. Basti pensare al dubbio circa l’efficacia del tentativo proposto proprio nel giovanile De universalibus, così come nel De dominio divino, di una conciliazione tra la necessità degli eventi futuri quoad prescienciam Dei e la libertà umana di determinare le proprie azioni, che pure sembrerebbe suffragata da molte evidenze testuali.  Un modo, questo, per dire che la ballata leggendaria di un Wyclif determinista (presunto o meno) continuerà ancora a essere cantata.
description: Doctor Virtualis, N° 8 (2008): Tracce di debolezza nel pensiero medievale
A new technique for modeling open-ended waveguide structures and its application to dielectric spectroscopy.
Creators: name: Sibbald, Christopher L.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Electronics and Electrical.

description: A novel technique for modeling the aperture admittance of open-ended waveguide structures radiating into a homogeneous, lossy dielectric half-space is presented. This technique combines both analytical and numerical approaches to express the aperture admittance as rational function of frequency and the relative permittivity of the external medium. The coefficients of the rational approximation, which depend upon the geometry of the waveguide and aperture, are determined in a very convenient manner from a relatively small number of computed admittances. This computed data is obtained via a full-wave movement method solution and, hence, includes the effects of radiation and energy storage in the near-field and evanescent waveguide modes. The accuracy of the numerical method is demonstrated by comparison with measured values. The new technique is successfully applied to obtain a model for the open-ended coaxial line geometry. The new model has important applications in the field of dielectric spectroscopy. In addition to yielding accurate solutions for the aperture admittance of the line as a function of the permittivity of the external medium, the model yields a unique solution to the inverse problem and permits a rigorous sensitivity and uncertainty analysis.
Glucose and glycogen metabolism during prolonged swimming and recovery in rats.
Creators: name: Ryan, Collen.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: Biology, Animal Physiology.

description: In order to assess glucose dynamics and the pathways (direct and gluconeogenic) by which muscle and liver glycogen is synthesized during and following prolonged submaximal exercise, twelve-hour-fasted catheterized rats were infused intravenously with ($\sp3$H-6) -glucose (or ($\sp3$H-3) -glucose) and either (i) NaH$\sp $CO$\sb3,$ (ii) ($\sp $C-U) -lactate or (iii) ($\sp $C-1) -glucose (three gluconeogenic tracers) throughout two-hour basal, four-hour swim (or rest) and three-hour postexercise recovery periods. During recovery, rats were infused with either saline, lactic acid or glucose. Arterial blood samples were taken throughout the protocols. Liver and three muscles (soleus, white and red gastrocnemii) were excised and assessed for total and radiolabelled glycogen content. The results indicate that: (1) While plasma glucose concentrations are maintained during the prolonged swim owing to matched doubling of both glucose production (R$\sb{\rm a}$) and clearance (MCR), glucose increases during the recovery period as the fall in R$\sb{\rm a}$ lags behind that of MCR and the rate of gluconeogenesis remains elevated. (2) Despite increases in direct glycogenesis during prolonged swimming, glycogen is significantly depleted in white and red gastrocnemii. Glyconeogenesis contributes at least 20-25% to glycogen repletion during fasted recovery. The source of this gluconeogenic substrate appears to be lactate which is formed locally in the muscles (as traced by recycled $\sp $C-glucose). Although not required to elicit muscle gluconeogenic activity, high lactate levels enhance glyconeogenesis, especially in the postexercise period. (3) There is a high turnover of soleus glycogen at rest. The soleus does not respond to prolonged swimming but rather to the availability of substrate (glucose) to synthesize its glycogen almost entirely via the direct route. (4) Glyconeogenesis is the primary pathway of hepatic glycogen synthesis. While glucose infusion is the most potent stimulus of glycogenesis, the combined effects of lactate and exercise appear synergistic in the formation of liver glycogen.
Supplementary document for Intracavity Second Harmonic Generation from a WSe₂ Monolayer in a Passively Mode-locked Picosecond Fiber Laser - 5211431.pdf
Creators: name: KILINC, MUHAMMED
name: Cheney, Alec
name: Neureuter, Christian
name: Tarasek, Steven
name: Xu, Guangpeng
name: Thomay, Tim
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Raw and background corrected data for the SHG signal
Supplementary document for Intracavity Second Harmonic Generation from a WSe₂ Monolayer in a Passively Mode-locked Picosecond Fiber Laser - 5211431.pdf
Creators: name: KILINC, MUHAMMED
name: Cheney, Alec
name: Neureuter, Christian
name: Tarasek, Steven
name: Xu, Guangpeng
name: Thomay, Tim
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Raw and background corrected data for the SHG signal
Conditioning fixed-bed filters with fine fractions of granulated iron hydroxide (MyGFH)
Creators: name: Hilbrandt, Inga
name: Ruhl, Aki Sebastian
name: Jekel, Martin
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018

description: The fine fraction of granular ferric hydroxide (MyGFH, < 0.3 mm) is a promising adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals and phosphate, but properties of MyGFH were hitherto not known. The present study aimed at characterizing MyGFH regarding its physical and chemical properties and at evaluating methods for the conditioning of fixed-bed filters in order to develop a process that combines filtration and adsorption. Conditioning was done at different pH levels and for different particle sizes. Anthracite, coke, pumice and sand were studied as potential carrier materials. A method for the evaluation of the homogeneity of the iron hydroxide particle distribution on pumice filter grains using picture analysis was developed. Pre-washed pumice (pH 8.5) proved to lead to high embedment and a homogeneous distribution of MyGFH. Filter runs with phosphate (2 mg/L P) showed similar breakthrough curves for the embedded fine fraction adsorbent and for conventional GFH. © 2018 by the authors.
Prediction of the Sensitivity of Avian Species to the Embryotoxic Effects of Dioxin-like Compounds
Creators: name: Mohammad Reza, Farmahin Farahani
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: dioxin
risk assessment
molecular toxicology
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor
bird

description: The main goal of this thesis was to develop new methods and knowledge that will explain and predict species differences in sensitivity to dioxin-like compounds (DLCs) in birds. The important achievements and results obtained from the four experimental chapters of this thesis are summarized as follow: (1) an efficient luciferase reporter gene (LRG) assay was developed for use with 96-well cell culture plates; (2) the results obtained from LRG assay were shown to be highly correlated to available in ovo toxicity data; (3) amino acids at positions 324 and 380 within the aryl hydrocarbon receptor 1 ligand binding domain (AHR1 LBD) were shown to be responsible for reduced Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) AHR1 activity to induce a dioxin-responsive reporter gene in comparison to chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus), and ring-necked pheasant (Phasianus colchicus) AHR1 in response to different DLCs; (4) AHR1 LBD sequences of 86 avian species were studied and differences at amino acid sites 256, 257, 297, 324, 337 and 380 were identified. It was discovered that only positions 324 and 380 play a role in AHR1 activity to induce a dioxin-responsive gene; (5) in COS-7 cells expressing chicken AHR1, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (PeCDF) are equipotent inducers of the reporter gene and bind with similar affinity to chicken AHR1, however, in the cells expressing pheasant, Japanese quail and common tern (Sterna hirundo) AHR1, PeCDF is a stronger inducer than TCDD. PeCDF also binds with higher affinity to pheasant and quail AHR1 than TCDD. The results of this thesis show that embryo lethal effect of DLCs in avian species can be predicted by use of two new non-lethal methods: (1) the LRG assay and (2) determination of the identity of the amino acids at positions 324 and 380. The findings and methods described in this thesis will be of use for environmental risk assessments of DLCs.
MiR-145 Plays a Role in Oligodendroyte Differentiation by Regulating Cytoskeleton- and Myelin-Related Gene Expression
Creators: name: Kornfeld, Samantha F.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2014
Subjects: oligodendrocyte differentiation
multiple sclerosis
myelination
remyelination failure
miR-145

description: A key problem in multiple sclerosis (MS) is the diminished capacity for myelin repair. Although oligodendrocyte (OL) precursors can be seen at the lesion site, their ability to differentiate appears inhibited. MicroRNAs are key regulators of OL differentiation, and have been observed to be misregulated in MS lesions compared to healthy white matter. Thus, aberrant microRNA expression in MS lesions may disrupt the ability of incoming oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC s) to differentiate. Specifically, a microRNA known as miR - 145 is downregulated as OPCs progress to OLs, but is found at unusually high levels in MS lesions. In this study, we investigated how misregulation of miR - 145 affects OL differentiation in vitro. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that putative targets of miR - 145 are significantly enriched for factors which promote actin cytoskeleton organization and myelination. An immortalized OL cell line was transduced with an inducible lentivirus to create stable lines that overexpress miR - 145. These stable lines were characterized while proliferating, early in differentiation and late in differentiation. Immunofluorescence was used to quantify changes in proliferation rate, apoptosis, branching ability and myelin gene expression. qPCR arrays were used to quantify changes in microRNA target expression levels between induced and uninduced cells. Two stable lines were created: ON - 145 - 1 and ON - 145 - 2, which upon induction, over - express miR - 145 ~33 - fold and ~11 - fold, respectively. When proliferating, no significant morphological differences nor target expression differences could be detected between induced and uninduced cells. Proliferation was significantly decreased in ON - 145 - 1 induced cells, but not in ON - 145 - 2. No changes in apoptosis frequency were detected. In contrast, during early and late differentiation, both induced cell lines showed significant morphological defects characterized by a reduction in both iii primary and secondary branching. Further, significant differences in branching ability were observed between induced cells of ON - 145 - 1 and ON - 145 - 2, suggesting a dose - dependent response to miR - 145 overexpression. Expression of MAG, a myelin marker, was also significantly lowered in induced cells of both cell lines. Finally, we found that multiple miR - 145 targets involved in promoting cytoskeletal organization and myelination were significantly decreased both early and late in differentiation. These results suggest that overexpression of miR - 145 during OL differentiation may disrupt actin organization and myelin gene expression required for successful process extension and subsequent myelinating ability. Thus, the increase in miR - 145 in MS lesions may be a significant contributing factor to the loss of myelin repair in MS lesions.
Studies of Crystal Structure Using Multiphoton Transitions in GaAs
Creators: name: Golin, Sarah M
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2012
Subjects: Multiphoton Ionization
Strong-field physics
solid state
ultrafast

description: We demonstrate experimentally that the multiphoton ionization rate in gallium arsenide depends on the alignment of the laser polarization with respect to the crystal axis. We show real-time modulation of 1900nm laser ionization rate, through viewing transmission, which mimics the symmetry of the semiconductor crystal. We propose that the modulation in the ionization rate arises because the varying reduced effective carrier mass, as predicted by Keldysh theory. We show direct comparison of the experimental transmission modulation depth with that predicted by Keldysh theory. This opens up a novel method for real-time non-invasive crystallography of crystalline materials.
Storia della filosofia medievale e laicità
Creators: name: Fumagalli Beonio Brocchieri, Mariateresa
Publisher: name: Doctor Virtualis
Year: 2010

description: I medievisti ovviamente più degli antichisti - osserva G. Duby - sono strana gente simile agli antropologi, persone che evadono dal loro presente partendo per l'XI secolo invece che per Samoa o per le isole Trobriand e fuggono dal loro mondo per sprofondare nelle radici.
description: Doctor Virtualis, N° 9 (2009): Laicità e Medioevo
Effect of Oral Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 on the Vaginal Microbiota, Cytokines and Chemokines in Pregnant Women
Creators: name: Yang, Siwen
name: Reid, Gregor S. D.
name: Challis, John R. G.
name: Gloor, Gregory B.
name: Asztalos, Elizabeth
name: Money, Deborah M.
name: Seney, Shannon
name: Bocking, Alan D.
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2020

description: Spontaneous preterm birth is associated with vaginal microbial dysbiosis. As certain strains of lactobacilli help restore homeostasis in non-pregnant women, the goal was to determine the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 administered orally, twice daily for 12 weeks on the vaginal microbiota, cytokines and chemokines of low-risk pregnant women. A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial comparing probiotic lactobacilli to placebo daily was performed in 86 asymptomatic pregnant women who had an Intermediate or Bacterial Vaginosis Nugent score at 13 weeks. After drop outs, 32 women receiving probiotics and 34 receiving placebo completed the study. The Nugent score returned to normal in 30% of the women in both groups at 28 weeks and was maintained until 35 weeks. The majority of subjects had normal pregnancy outcomes. Ninety-three bacterial species were detected at 13 weeks, with Lactobacillus iners, Lactobacillus crispatus, Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae being the most abundant across pregnancy. There was no difference in the Shannon diversity index between the probiotic and placebo groups at 13, 28 or 35 weeks. Almost all subjects consumed fermented foods and many of the organisms in the vagina are also known to be present in fermented foods. Interleukin-4 in the placebo group and Interleukin-10 in both probiotic and placebo groups increased slightly at 28 weeks but were not different at 35 weeks when compared to 13 weeks. In conclusion, this study showed no adverse issues resulting from 12 week use of probiotic Lactobacillus strains GR-1 and RC-14 during pregnancy in women at low risk for premature birth. The vaginal microbiota demonstrated flux irrespective of this oral probiotic administration.
CD49d-specific Single Domain Antibodies for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis
Creators: name: Alsughayyir, Jawaher
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2012
Subjects: multiple sclerosis
single domain antibody
engineered antibody fragments

description: Multiple sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Currently, the disease is incurable and immunomodulating drugs are the only option to control the disease. CD49d is an adhesion receptor expressed on most immune cells. Antibodies that bind to CD49d and block immune cells from trafficking toward the CNS are being pursued as one class of therapeutics. In this work, by combining recombinant antibody and phage display technologies we isolated 10 anti-CD49d single domain antibodies from a synthetic antibody light chain variable domain (VL) phage display library. Isolated VLs (~ 12 kDa) were expressed in Escherichia coli, purified and analysed for biophysical characteristics. The majority were expressed in good yields and were non-aggregating. All 10 VLs bound recombinant CD49d by ELISA, and 7 bound to CD49d-expressing cells in flow cytometry experiments. To empower the VLs for better therapeutic efficacy (thru increasing avidity and half-life), three of the lead VLs were re-engineered as fusions to fragment crystallisable (Fc) of human immunoglobulin gamma (IgG). The engineered hFc-VL fragments (~ 70 – 90 kDa) retained their specificity for CD49d by flow cytometry. With (i) being less immunogenic due to their human nature, (ii) their efficient access to cryptic epitopes (iii) having half-lives comparable to IgGs’ and (iv) being more cost effective compared to IgGs, these novel antibody fragments (monovalent VLs and bivalent hFc-VLs) provide a promising therapeutic platform against multiple sclerosis.
The astronomical meaning of Botticelli's paintings
Creators: name: Keim, Frank
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astronomiegeschichte
subject: DDC 530 / Physics
subject: Comets
subject: Botticelli, Sandro, 1444 or 1445-1510
subject: Renaissance
subject: Komet
subject: Geburt der Venus
subject: Die Verleumdung des Apelles
subject: Heliozentrisches System
subject: Botticelli, Sandro

description: Abstract inside. This paper was presented at the INSAPIX-conference, London (on 27 August 2015)
description: Abstract inside. Das Paper wurde auf der INSAPIX-Konferenz in London präsentiert (27. August 2015)
Significato e posizione del laico nell’alto Medioevo
Creators: name: Sciuto, Italo
Publisher: name: Doctor Virtualis
Year: 2010

description: La storia del termine laicus, nel corso del Medioevo, mostra un'interessante evoluzione. Inizialmente laico ha un valore positivo e si riferisce semplicemente al popolo di Dio; si passa successivamente a una valutazione chiaramente negativa dall'XI al XIII secolo. In questo periodo si definisce il laico secondo una doppia negazione: come il non chierico e il non monaco, e come idiota e illitteratus, cioè il cristiano privo di istruzione. Si torna a importanti posizioni di apprezzamento positivo nel XIV-XV secolo, anche in connessione con l'espandersi dell'uso del volgare, in cui laico e illetterato non coincidono più e si afferma una figura nuova di cristiano autentico: il laico che vive nel mondo in modo utile a sé e agli altri, dedito all'esercizio delle virtù e alla frequentazione della cultura.    The history of the term laicus, in the course of the Middle Ages, shows an interesting development. Initially laicus has a positive value and refers simply to the people of God; later a clear negative meaning becomes prevalent: from the 11th to the 13rd century. In this period laicus is defined according to a double negative sense: as the non-clerical and the not-monk, and as idiota et illitteratus, i.e. the Christian without learning. A new important positive meaning appears during 14th and 15th century, also connected with the diffusion of vernacular languages, in which laicus and illitteratus don't overlap and the term means a new figure of authentic Christian: the layman who lives in the world in a useful way to himself and others, devoting himself to the exercise of virtue and to study of  learning.
description: Doctor Virtualis, N° 9 (2009): Laicità e Medioevo
Supplementary document for Interference-based wide-range dynamic tuning of the plasmonic color of single gold nanoparticles - 5212930.pdf
Creators: name: Nakayama, Bokusui
name: Nakabayashi, Takahito
name: Esashika, Keiko
name: Hiruta, Yuki
name: Saiki, Toshiharu
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Nanophotonics

description: Supplement 1 for supporting content.
Complementing semi-automated tools with text-mining techniques for a large-scale systematic review: a hybrid approach (Supplementary Material)
Creators: name: Armita Zarnegar
name: Koh, Zhao Hui
name: MURRAY, GREG
name: Skues, Jason
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2024

description: This component contains supplementary material such as source code and data files for the pre-print article.
L’ordine cristiano dei laici
Creators: name: Fiocchi, Claudio
Publisher: name: Doctor Virtualis
Year: 2010

description: Quando si usa il termine laico, occorre sempre rispondere ad alcune domande implicite: laico rispetto a chi? Quando? Un percorso tra le varie classificazioni che si possono trovare nei testi medievali. Nella convinzione che la struttura stessa della classificazione sia importante, l'articolo procede sulla base di un criterio quantitativo, facendo riferimento al numero di classi o generi identificati, a partire dalla divisione più semplice. Una passaggio dal semplice al complesso alla luce della centralità del binomio concettuale di unità-differenza.   When we use the term laico, we must ever answer to some implicit questions: laico compared to whom? When? A path among the various classifications that we can find in medieval texts. Persuaded that the very structure of the classification is important, the paper goes on, according to a quantitative criterion, by reference to the number of identified classes or genres, starting from the simplest partition. A transition from the simple to the complex in the light of the centrality of two-faced concept of unit-difference.
description: Doctor Virtualis, N° 9 (2009): Laicità e Medioevo
Psallendae Mariae: Marian Processional Chants of the Ambrosian Rite
Creators: name: Bruno, Emilie
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2012
Subjects: St. Ambrose
Ambrosian Chant
Medieval
Religious processions
Marian
Blessed Virgin Mary
Psallenda
Melodic theme
Ambrosian Rite
Milan

description: This interdisciplinary study examines a collection of chants intrinsically connected to the larger body of Western Chant: the psallendae. These chants of the Ambrosian rite, the form of Christian worship proper to the archdiocese of Milan, were sung during religious processions. With over 700 psallendae assigned to the Church calendar, this study examines only those assigned to feast days of the Virgin Mary, and in doing so, reveals a rich history of devotion to her. The primary sources examined are thirteenth-century manuscripts and medieval liturgical manuals. The processional chants are subjected to a thorough literary and musical analysis. Rooted in François-Auguste Gevaert's thematic theory, and using tools of reticular and stemmatic analysis, the psallendae are grouped according to melodic profile. Each group is then reduced to a core melodic theme, which, when juxtaposed with the ancient practice of religious processions, makes a compelling argument for the psallendae as among the oldest Christian chants.
The Naturalized Knowledge System: A methodology for community development.
Creators: name: Leech, David J.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Political Science, General.

description: The extensive experience of the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacy in adapting to their natural environment, and the distillation of this knowledge and the traditions of their peoples, offers us a comprehensive model for community development with the potential to overcome "crisis management" and begin planning for the future. Based on respect, equity, and empowerment, the Naturalized Knowledge System methodology enables us to evaluate, plan and promote community development at all levels---the individual, group, nation and confederacy. An adaptive tool, it learns from past mistakes and successes, integrating community development, cultural preservation, and environmental restoration into one process. The fundaments elements of the Naturalized Knowledge System methodology are developed in this paper, demonstrated in application to the community development of the Maleku First Nation of Costa Rica, and compared to other community development practices such as safety audits for women in urban environments, and creating place-based cultural representation in American cities. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Verso un punto di vista laico sulla questione del tirannicidio fra XII e XIII secolo
Creators: name: Simonetta, Stefano
Publisher: name: Doctor Virtualis
Year: 2010

description: L'articolo si domanda, con riferimento al tardo Medioevo, se e in quale misura si possa osservare uno spostamento verso un approccio più laico alla questione specifica della legittimità della resistenza al tiranno. Nel secolo circa che separa Giovanni di Salisbury e Tommaso d'Aquino si passa da una analisi di carattere essenzialmente etico teologico del problema a una considerazione più simile a quella che oggi si potrebbe definire laica. Nelle pagine del De Regno, Tommaso discute anche dal punto di vista teologico la questione della legittima resistenza a un governo tirannico e, tuttavia, in questo stesso contesto esamina attentamente i meccanismi costituzionali grazie ai quali una comunità politica può  minimizzare il rischio di cadere sotto una forma tirannica di potere.   With reference to the late Middle Ages, this paper discusses whether and to which extent we can see a shift towards an approach more secular concerning a specific issue: whether the resistance to tyrant is lawful or not. In the century, more or less, between John of Salisbury and Thomas Aquinas it goes from an essentially ethical-theological consideration of the problem to a consideration more close to that which today one would define secular. In the pages of De regno, Thomas discusses also from the theological point of view the question of lawful resistance in front of a tyrannical government and, however, in the same context he carefully examines the constitutional devices by which a political community can minimize the risk of coming under a tyrannical form of power.
description: Doctor Virtualis, N° 9 (2009): Laicità e Medioevo
Supplementary document for Interference-based wide-range dynamic tuning of the plasmonic color of single gold nanoparticles - 5212930.pdf
Creators: name: Nakayama, Bokusui
name: Nakabayashi, Takahito
name: Esashika, Keiko
name: Hiruta, Yuki
name: Saiki, Toshiharu
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Nanophotonics

description: Supplement 1 for supporting content.