cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Breakdown of gauge invariance in ultrastrong-coupling cavity QED
Creators: name: De Bernardis, Daniele
name: Pilar, Philipp
name: Jaako, Tuomas
name: De Liberato, Simone
name: Rabl, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the derivation of Rabi- and Dicke-type models, which are commonly used for the study of quantum light-matter interactions in cavity and circuit QED. We demonstrate that the validity of the two-level approximation, which is an essential step in this derivation, depends explicitly on the choice of gauge once the system enters the ultrastrong coupling regime. In particular, while in the electric dipole gauge the two-level approximation can be performed as long as the Rabi frequency remains much smaller than the energies of all higher-lying levels, it can dramatically fail in the Coulomb gauge, even for systems with an extremely anharmonic spectrum. We extensively investigate this phenomenon both in the single-dipole (Rabi) and multi-dipole (Dicke) case, and considering the specific examples of dipoles confined by double-well and by square-well potentials, and of circuit QED systems with flux qubits coupled to an LC resonator.
description: See also related independent work arxiv:1805.06356
A Descriptive Study of Hepatitis B Surface Antigenemia (HBsAg) among Pregnant Women in Southern Nigeria
Creators: name: Utoo Bernard Terkimbi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Sero-prevalence
Hepatitis B virus
routine screening
immunization

description: Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the most common public health issues worldwide. HBV-related chronic liver disease claims the lives of over one million people per year. In endemic areas, maternal to foetal transmission from chronic carriers reaches 90%, accounting for up to 40% of the world's chronic carriers. Methods: This was a descriptive study which involved Serial recruitment of 836 women attending the antenatal clinic at a health facility in Cross-River State, Nigeria. HBsAg screening was done using an ELISA test. Results: Fifty five (6.6%) of the 836 women screened tested positive for HBsAg. The mean age and parity of sero-positive subjects was 26.9 ±5.0 (range 18-38 years) and 2.2±1.2 (0 to 5) respectively. The prevalence was more in women who were farmers (29.1%) and those with either none or low level of formal education (67.2%). Conclusion: There is a 6.6 percent sero-prevalence rate among pregnant women. It is recommended that women's education, economic empowerment, and public awareness programmes with an emphasis on changing risky social lifestyles be implemented. Efforts to facilitate regular prenatal screening, immunisation, and child vaccination should be maintained.
HST Observations of the Broad Absorption Line Quasar PG 0946+301
Creators: name: Arav, Nahum
name: Korista, Kirk T.
name: de Kool, Martijn
name: Junkkarinen, Vesa T.
name: Begelman, Mitchell C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze HST and ground based spectra of the brightest BALQSO in the UV: PG~0946+301. A detailed study of the absorption troughs as a function of velocity is presented, facilitated by the use of a new algorithm to solve for the optical depth as a function of velocity for multiplet lines. We find convincing evidence for saturation in parts of the troughs. This supports our previous assertion that saturation is common in BALs and therefore cast doubts on claims for very high metallicity in BAL flows. Due to the importance of BAL saturation we also discuss its evidence in other objects. In PG~0946+301 large differences in ionization as a function of velocity are detected and our findings supports the hypothesis that the line of sight intersects a number of flow components that combine to give the appearance of the whole trough. Based on the optical depth profiles, we develop a geometrical-kinematical model for the flow. We have positively identified 16 ions of 8 elements (H~I, C~III, C~IV, N~III, N~IV, N~V, O~III, O~IV, O~V, O~VI, Ne~V, Ne~VIII, P~V, Si~IV, S~V, S~VI) and have a probable identifications of Mg~X and S~IV. Unlike earlier analysis of IUE data, we find no evidence for BALs arising from excited ionic states in the HST spectrum of PG~0946+301.
description: 43 pages, 13 figures, submitted to ApJ
Development of whole-heart myocardial perfusion magnetic resonance imaging
Creators: name: Fair, Merlin John Casper
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Myocardial perfusion imaging is of huge importance for the detection of coronary artery disease (CAD), one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, as it can provide non-invasive detection at the early stages of the disease. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can assess myocardial perfusion by capturing the rst-pass perfusion (FPP) of a gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA), which is now a well-established technique and compares well with other modalities. However, current MRI methods are restricted by their limited coverage of the left ventricle. Interest has therefore grown in 3D volumetric \whole-heart" FPP by MRI, although many challenges currently limit this. For this thesis, myocardial perfusion assessment in general, and 3D whole-heart FPP in particular, were reviewed in depth, alongside MRI techniques important for achieving 3D FPP. From this, a 3D `stack-of-stars' (SOS) FPP sequence was developed with the aim of addressing some current limitations. These included the breath-hold requirement during GBCA rst-pass, long 3D shot durations corrupted by cardiac motion, and a propensity for artefacts in FPP. Parallel imaging and compressed sensing were investigated for accelerating whole-heart FPP, with modi cations presented to potentially improve robustness to free-breathing. Novel sequences were developed that were capable of individually improving some current sequence limits, including spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio, although with some sacri ces. A nal 3D SOS FPP technique was developed and tested at stress during free-breathing examinations of CAD patients and healthy volunteers. This enabled the rst known detection of an inducible perfusion defect with a free-breathing, compressed sensing, 3D FPP sequence; however, further investigation into the diagnostic performance is required. Simulations were performed to analyse potential artefacts in 3D FPP, as well as to examine ways towards further optimisation of 3D SOS FPP. The nal chapter discusses some limitations of the work and proposes opportunities for further investigation.
Cross-System Categorization of Abnormal Traces in Microservice-Based Systems via Meta-Learning
Creators: name: Wang, Yuqing
name: Mäntylä, Mika V.
name: Demeyer, Serge
name: Beyazit, Mutlu
name: Kisaakye, Joanna
name: Nyyssölä, Jesse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Microservice-based systems (MSS) may fail with various fault types. While existing AIOps methods excel at detecting abnormal traces and locating the responsible service(s), human efforts are still required for diagnosing specific fault types and failure causes.This paper presents TraFaultDia, a novel AIOps framework to automatically classify abnormal traces into fault categories for MSS. We treat the classification process as a series of multi-class classification tasks, where each task represents an attempt to classify abnormal traces into specific fault categories for a MSS. TraFaultDia leverages meta-learning to train on several abnormal trace classification tasks with a few labeled instances from a MSS, enabling quick adaptation to new, unseen abnormal trace classification tasks with a few labeled instances across MSS. TraFaultDia's use cases are scalable depending on how fault categories are built from anomalies within MSS. We evaluated TraFaultDia on two MSS, TrainTicket and OnlineBoutique, with open datasets where each fault category is linked to faulty system components (service/pod) and a root cause. TraFaultDia automatically classifies abnormal traces into these fault categories, thus enabling the automatic identification of faulty system components and root causes without manual analysis. TraFaultDia achieves 93.26% and 85.20% accuracy on 50 new classification tasks for TrainTicket and OnlineBoutique, respectively, when trained within the same MSS with 10 labeled instances per category. In the cross-system context, when TraFaultDia is applied to a MSS different from the one it is trained on, TraFaultDia gets an average accuracy of 92.19% and 84.77% for the same set of 50 new, unseen abnormal trace classification tasks of the respective systems, also with 10 labeled instances provided for each fault category per task in each system.
description: Accepted at ACM International Conference on the Foundations of Software Engineering (FSE) 2025
Comparison of high-performance computing approaches in the Python environment for a five-point stencil case study [Presentation]
Creators: name: Miranda, Eduardo F.
name: Stephany, Stephan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: HPC

description: Presentation given at the XV Brazilian e-Science Workshop (BreSci).

Abstract. Several of the most important high-performance computing approaches available in the Python programming environment of the LNCC Santos Dumont supercomputer, are compared using a specific test problem. Python includes specific libraries, implementations, development tools, documentation, optimization and parallelization resources. It provides a straightforward way to program using a high level of abstraction, but the parallelization features for exploring multiple cores, processors, or accelerators such as GPUs, are diverse and may not be easily chosen by the user. Serial and parallel implementations of a test problem in Fortran 90 are taken as benchmarks to compare performance. This work is a primer for the use of HPC resources in Python.
Is the IMF in ellipticals bottom-heavy? Clues from their chemical abundances
Creators: name: De Masi, C.
name: Vincenzo, F.
name: Matteucci, F.
name: Rosani, G.
name: Barbera, La
name: Pasquali, A.
name: Spitoni, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We tested the implementation of different IMFs in our model for the chemical evolution of ellipticals, with the aim of reproducing the observed relations of [Fe/H] and [Mg/Fe] abundances with galaxy mass in a sample of early-type galaxies selected from the SPIDER-SDSS catalog. Abundances in the catalog were derived from averaged spectra, obtained by stacking individual spectra according to central velocity dispersion, as a proxy of galaxy mass. We tested initial mass functions already used in a previous work, as well as two new models, based on low-mass tapered ("bimodal") IMFs, where the IMF becomes either (1) bottom-heavy in more massive galaxies, or (2) is time-dependent, switching from top-heavy to bottom-heavy in the course of galactic evolution. We found that observations could only be reproduced by models assuming either a constant, Salpeter IMF, or a time-dependent distribution, as other IMFs failed. We further tested the models by calculating their M/L ratios. We conclude that a constant, time-independent bottom-heavy IMF does not reproduce the data, especially the increase of the $[α/Fe]$ ratio with galactic stellar mass, whereas a variable IMF, switching from top to bottom-heavy, can match observations. For the latter models, the IMF switch always occurs at the earliest possible considered time, i.e. $t_{\text{switch}}= 0.1$ Gyr.
description: 24 pages, 25 figures, accepted for publication on MNRAS
Anas moschata Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Anseriformes
Anatidae
Anas
Anas moschata

description: Anas moschata [spec. nov.]
A. facie nuda papillosa. Fn. svec. 98.
Anas moschata. Raj. av. 150. Alb. av. 3. p. 92. t. 97. 98.
Anas indica. Gesn. av. 122. Aldr. orn. l. 19. c. 26.
Anas libyca. Will. orn. 294.
Habitat in India.
Alba hujus forte varietas minor. It. Wgoth. 143.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 124, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Broad Absorption Line QSOs Observed by the ROSAT PSPC
Creators: name: Green, Paul J.
name: Mathur, Smita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey (RASS) have shown that broad absorption line (BAL) QSOs are either highly absorbed or underluminous in the soft X-ray bandpass. Here, we extend this work by analyzing all known bona fide BALQSOs observed within the inner 20' of the ROSAT PSPC. This sample includes both targeted and serendipitous exposures ranging from 8 to 75 ksec. Despite these deep exposures, most of the BALQSOs are undetected, and have unusually weak X-ray emission, as evidenced by large optical-to-X-ray slopes (AOX). Large values of AOX ($\gapprox$1.8) may prove to be a defining characteristic of BALQSOs. We predict that samples of QSO candidates with large AOX will yield a higher percentage of BALQSOs, particularly at low redshift. As a corollary, X-ray-selected QSO samples should yield The optical/UV emission line spectra of BAL and non-BAL QSOs are quite similar, suggesting that their intrinsic spectral energy distributions are similar as well. Absorption thus seems the likely reason for the X-ray quiet nature of BALQSOs. To constrain the total absorbing column of the BAL clouds, we compare our measured soft X-ray fluxes or upper limits to those expected from normal radio quiet QSOs of comparable optical continuum magnitude and redshift. From sensitive X-ray observations, we derive column densities of greater than about 2 times 10^22 cm-2, for intrinsic cold absorbers of solar metallicity. These new results suggest columns {\em at least} an order of magnitude larger than the columns previously estimated from optical/UV spectra alone.
description: 10 pages, no figures, AAS latex (aaspptwo.sty), to be published in ApJ Vol. 462, May 20 1996
The role of neutrophils and their proteases in allergic airway disease
Creators: name: Patel, Dhiren Ferise
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: An abundance of clinical data has demonstrated that a subset of asthmatic patients present with a neutrophilic infiltrate that is anticipated to be implicated in the pathology of the disease. However, this assumption is based largely on circumstantial evidence and the exact role of neutrophils in the pathophysiology of asthma has not been extensively explored. The aim of this thesis therefore was to elucidate the role of neutrophils in asthma by utilizing the house dust mite (HDM) murine model of allergic airway disease (AAD). We demonstrated that administration of HDM to different inbred mouse strains yielded very different inflammatory and airway remodelling profiles culminating variable airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR). Pertinently, whereas HDM-exposed 129/S2 mice exhibited a hyper-eosinophilic response, Balb/c mice presented with a mixed granulocytic response with a prominent neutrophilic component, which was TLR-4 independent. Specific depletion of neutrophils in HDM-exposed Balb/c mice was not protective but actually resulted in increased Th2 inflammation, with elevated ILC2s, Th2 CD4+ T cells, Th2 cytokines and serum IgE and IgG1 antibody responses. This elevated type 2 inflammation in neutrophil depleted animals was dependent on augmented Th2 cytokine production by ILC2s and a monocytosis that gave rise to enhanced antigen presentation. G-CSF was substantially elevated in neutrophil depleted mice and directly promoted the Th2 cytokine production by ILC2 and drove the monocytosis by acting on progenitors in the bone marrow. This data demonstrates that neutrophils may play a regulatory role in restricting Th2 inflammation rather than being strictly pathological. The enzyme leukotriene A4 hydrolase (LTA4H) regulates two distinct pathways that reciprocally regulate neutrophil recruitment. Classically, LTA4H functions intracellularly to generate the pro-inflammatory lipid mediator and potent neutrophil chemoattractant leukotriene B4 (LTB4). Accordingly, pharmaceutical companies have developed LTA4H inhibitors for the treatment of asthma, but they have failed to demonstrate efficacy in the clinic. Rationalizing the failure of these inhibitors, my lab have previously demonstrated a secondary extracellular anti-inflammatory role for LTA4H in degrading neutrophil chemoattractant Proline-Glycine-Proline (PGP). We have now demonstrated that mice lacking the LTB4 receptor, BLT1, showed reduced inflammation and AHR upon HDM exposure relative to wild type controls. Conversely, HDM treated lta4h-/- mice displayed an exacerbated airway resistance relative to littermate controls, despite being incapable of generating LTB4 and displaying reduced Th2 inflammation. This exacerbated airway resistance in lta4h-/- mice was attributable to a novel, neutrophil-independent, role for PGP in the context of AAD in driving pathological airway remodelling, with a pronounced epithelial hypertrophy and mucus hypersecretion apparent.
The influence of non-neuronal cholinergic signalling on the type 2 immune response
Creators: name: Roberts, Luke Bryan
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Acetylcholine (ACh) is synthesised from choline and acetyl-CoA, primarily by the enzyme choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). Traditionally known as a crucial neurotransmitter synthesised and released by neurons of the central and peripheral nervous systems, in recent years there has been an increased interest in the role of ACh synthesised by alternative cells types - particularly those of the haematopoietic immune system. Non-neuronal ACh plays many important roles in the regulation of various immune responses in addition to being associated with the development of a number of disease pathologies. A significant number of animal parasitic nematode species have evolved to secrete active acetylcholinesterase enzymes (AChEs) which hydrolyse ACh and inhibit it from transducing cholinergic signals, suggestive perhaps of an attempt to immunomodulate their hosts in this way. Utilising the ChATBAC-eGFP reporter mouse (Tallini et al., 1996) immune cell populations capable of ACh production were identified, and the dynamics of their capacity to produce ACh were followed throughout type 2 immune responses generated during nematode infection (modelled using Nippostrongylus brasiliensis) or during allergic airway inflammation (modelled using an allergenic extract of the fungus Alternaria alternata). In carrying out these studies, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) were newly identified as cholinergic cells capable of ACh synthesis and release during type 2 immune settings. The cholinergic phenotype of these cells was found to be closely associated with their activation state. Importantly, the cholinergic phenotype of pulmonary ILC2 could be induced by treatment of the cells with the alarmin cytokines IL-33 and IL-25, - IL-25 demonstrated a more potent capacity for this both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, treatment of the cells with IL-2 greatly augmented the actions of IL-25 and IL-33 alone with regards to expression of the ILC2 cholinergic phenotype. Finally, in an attempt to understand the roles ACh may play during type 2 immunity in the lung, recombinant active and mutant-inactive forms of an AChE expressed by N. brasiliensis were generated using a yeast expression system. These were administered intranasally to female BALB/c mice during N. brasiliensis infection and during Alternaria allergen extract (ALT)-induced airway inflammation. Among the results observed, administration of active AChE significantly increased gut worm burden as well as influencing effector mechanisms such as neutrophilia, eosinophilia, type 2 cytokine production by ILC2 and alternative activation of macrophages, dependent on the model in question. The data presented in this thesis contribute to the understanding of how immune cell derived ACh may influence type 2 immunity and supports the argument that parasite AChEs may have evolved as immunomodulators of host immunity.
Building detection for monitoring of urban changes
Creators: name: Konstantinidis, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: This thesis addresses the problem of monitoring urban changes by decomposing it to building and change detection. HOG features, in combination with several other discriminative features, such as NDVI, FAST and LBP features, are employed in a search for the development of a robust and accurate building detector. Furthermore, a novel cosine-based distance function is introduced for the computation of distances between the SVM feature vectors in order to suppress the sensitivity of the SVM classifier to the presence of noise and outliers. Moreover, the transformation of SVM scores to probabilities and the definition of a better threshold that differentiates positive from negative feature vectors are proposed. To allow the transition from the object-based building detection to the pixel-based building delineation, a set of novel region refinement processes that includes an unsupervised image segmentation technique and the construction of building candidates by employing the most probable to correspond to buildings image regions based on a novel scoring procedure is proposed. Taking advantage of the ability of the CNNs to automatically generate discriminative features, another approach to the problem of building detection involves the introduction of a Modular-CNN architecture. Two novel layers are proposed and added to the Modular-CNN architecture in order to improve its generalisation power and robustness. The change detection task is approached by a top-down approach that employs the computed building masks in order to identify building changes and a bottom-up approach that initially detects changes prior to their modelling using the computed building masks. In the change detection framework, we propose a novel change amplification algorithm that enhances the differences between the compared images in order to be more easily recognised and extracted. Finally, we propose a new robust change detector based on CNNs with the ability to automatically detect building changes, while discarding all other changes.
Additional file 4: of Phylogenomic analysis reveals splicing as a mechanism of parallel evolution of non-canonical SVAs in hominine primates
Creators: name: Damert, Annette
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Supplementary tables, notes and figures. (PDF 518 kb)
title: ADCO, Sixième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1662), Cart. 30 (G 133), 441 folios, f. 306
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Sixième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1662), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 30 (G 133), 441 folios, f. 306, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Sixième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1662), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 30 (G 133), 441 folios, f. 306, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
The Serendipitous Discovery of a Group or Cluster of young Galaxies at z=2.40 in Deep Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 Images
Creators: name: Pascarelle, Sebastian M.
name: Windhorst, Rogier A.
name: Driver, Simon P.
name: Ostrander, Eric J.
name: Keel, William C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the serendipitous discovery of a group or cluster of young galaxies at $z\simeq$2.40 in a 24-orbit HST/WFPC2 exposure of the field around the weak radio galaxy 53W002. Potential cluster members were identified on ground-based narrow-band redshifted Ly$α$ images and confirmed via spectroscopy. In addition to the known weak radio galaxy 53W002 at z=2.390, two other objects were found to have excess narrow-band Ly$α$ emission at $z\simeq$2.40. Both have been spectroscopically confirmed, and one clearly contains a weak AGN. They are located within one arcminute of 53W002, or $\sim0.23h_{100}^{-1}$Mpc ($q_o$=0.5) at $z\simeq$2.40, which is the physical scale of a group or small cluster of galaxies. Profile fitting of the WFPC2 images shows that the objects are very compact, with scale lengths $\simeq$0\farcs 1 ($\simeq0.39h_{100}^{-1}$kpc), and are rather faint (luminosities < L*), implying that they may be sub-galactic sized objects. We discuss these results in the context of galaxy and cluster evolution and the role that weak AGN may play in the formation of young galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal (Letters). 13 pages of gzip compressed and uuencoded PS. Figures are available at http://www.phys.unsw.edu.au/~spd/bib.html
Cyclic organometallic complexes for molecular electronics
Creators: name: Wilson, Lucy Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Interest in molecular scale electronics systems originates from the intention to miniaturise and harness the potential of electron scale electronic transfer phenomena. Current physical investigations have focused on producing and measuring systems with single molecular pathways and/or containing simple redox-active centres. Herein is described the synthesis linear, branched and cyclic {Ru(dppe)2} and {FeCp2} containing systems to enable the study of quantum interference effects and the resulting phenomena from multi-electronic pathways. In Chapter 3, a new methodology has been developed and utilised to synthesise a range of novel 1’,1’’’-biferrocene containing systems. The versatility of this method has produced an array of linear 1’,1’’’-biferrocene containing molecular wires with varying gold binding groups to allow comparison of charge through different binding groups and orientations. The multi-valency of these systems has been probed by electrochemistry, spectroelectrochemistry and DFT to classify all these systems as on the Class II/III border. The synthetic and design considerations to organometallic system are discussed, including several different routes to the cyclisation of covalently bonded conjugated systems. These results, highlight the importance of intramolecular cyclisation routes for these and result in four different cyclic products being reported. The linear, branched and cyclic {Ru(dppe)2} containing systems that resulted from these investigations will enable the study of conductance effects resulting from multiple electronic pathways and redox activity and the linear, asymmetric and symmetric cyclic ferrocene systems will complement these studies with increased redox activity and interference effects. The cyclic, branched and linear systems and have been evaluated and compared for their charge transfer properties through; electrochemistry, IR spectroscopy, spectroelectrochemistry and DFT enabling the classification of the mixed valent species and discussion of through bond and through space communication within the branched and cyclic systems.
Additional file 2: of Bivariate genome-wide association analysis strengthens the role of bitter receptor clusters on chromosomes 7 and 12 in human bitter taste
Creators: name: Liang-Dar Hwang
name: Puya Gharahkhani
name: Breslin, Paul
name: Gordon, Scott
name: Zhu, Gu
name: Martin, Nicholas
name: Reed, Danielle
name: Wright, Margaret
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S2. Top 100 SNPs on chromosome 12 associated with the perceived intensity of caffeine. (DOCX 178 kb)
Anas bahamenfis Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Anseriformes
Anatidae
Anas
Anas bahamenfis

description: Anas bahamenfis [spec. nov.]
A. grisea, rostro plumbeo: macula laterali fulva, macula alarum viridi luteaque.
Anas bahamensis; rostro plumbeo, macula aurantii coloris. Catesb. car. 1. p. 63. t. 93.
Habitat in Bahama.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 124, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
LiBeB Production by Nuclei and Neutrinos
Creators: name: Vangioni-Flam, Elisabeth
name: Cassé, Michel
name: Fields, Brian D.
name: Olive, Keith A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of LiBeB isotopes by nuclear and neutrino spallation are compared in the framework of galactic evolutionary models. As motivated by $γ$-ray observations of Orion, different possible sources of low-energy C and O nuclei are considered, such as supernovae of various masses and WC stars. We confirm that the low energy nuclei (LEN), injected in molecular clouds by stellar winds and type II supernovae originating from the most massive progenitors, can very naturally reproduce the observed Be and B evolution in the early galaxy (halo phase). Assuming the global importance of the LEN component, we compute upper and lower bounds to the neutrino process contribution corresponding to limiting cases of LEN particle spectra. A consistent solution is found with a spectrum of the kind proposed by Ramaty \etal (1995a,b), e.g. flat up to $E_c=30$ MeV/n and decreasing abruptly above. This solution fulfills the challenge of explaining at the same time the general Be and B evolution, and their solar system abundances without overproducing \li7 at very low metallicities, and the meteoritic \b11/\b10 ratio. In this case, neutrino spallation is constrained to play a limited role in the genesis of the solar system \b11. Galactic cosmic rays (GCR) become operative late in the evolution of the disk ([Fe/H]$>$-1), but their contribution to the solar abundances of \be9, \b10 and \b11 is not dominant (35\%, 30\% and 20\% respectively). Thus, with this LEN spectrum, GCR are {\it not}\ the main source of \be9 and B in the Galaxy. The most favorable case for neutrinos, (adopting the same kind of spectrum) has $E_c=20$ MeV/n. Even in this case, the neutrino yields of Woosley and Weaver (1995) must to be reduced by a factor of 5 to avoid \b11 overproduction. Furthermore, this solution leads to a high B/Be
description: 19 pages, 5 postscript figures, uses plain LaTeX, also available at http://www.nd.edu/~bfields/vcfo.html
Stochastic Block Models are a Discrete Surface Tension
Creators: name: Boyd, Zachary M.
name: Porter, Mason A.
name: Bertozzi, Andrea L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65K10, 49M20, 35Q56, 62H30, 91C20, 91D30, 94C15

description: Networks, which represent agents and interactions between them, arise in myriad applications throughout the sciences, engineering, and even the humanities. To understand large-scale structure in a network, a common task is to cluster a network's nodes into sets called "communities", such that there are dense connections within communities but sparse connections between them. A popular and statistically principled method to perform such clustering is to use a family of generative models known as stochastic block models (SBMs). In this paper, we show that maximum likelihood estimation in an SBM is a network analog of a well-known continuum surface-tension problem that arises from an application in metallurgy. To illustrate the utility of this relationship, we implement network analogs of three surface-tension algorithms, with which we successfully recover planted community structure in synthetic networks and which yield fascinating insights on empirical networks that we construct from hyperspectral videos.
description: to appear in Journal of Nonlinear Science
Networks of non-equilibrium condensates for global optimization
Creators: name: Kalinin, Kirill P.
name: Berloff, Natalia G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently several gain-dissipative platforms based on the networks of optical parametric oscillators, lasers, and various non-equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensates have been proposed and realised as analogue Hamiltonian simulators for solving large-scale hard optimisation problems. However, in these realisations the parameters of the problem depend on the node occupancies that are not known a priori, which limits the applicability of the gain-dissipative simulators to the classes of problems easily solvable by classical computations. We show how to overcome this difficulty and formulate the principles of operation of such simulators for solving the NP-hard large-scale optimisation problems such as constant modulus continuous quadratic optimisation and quadratic binary optimisation for any general matrix. To solve such problems any gain-dissipative simulator has to implement a feedback mechanism for the dynamical adjustment of the gain and coupling strengths.
description: Accepted version
Alloying-induced topological transition in 2D transition-metal dichalcogenide semiconductors
Creators: name: Ouyang, Liying
name: Hu, Ge
name: Qi, Can
name: Hu, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Research on two-dimensional (2D) topological insulators (TIs) is obstructed due to the lack of feasible approaches to growing 2D TIs in experiments. Through systematic first-principles calculations and tight-binding simulations, we propose that alloying Os in 2D MoX2 (X = S, Se, Te) monolayers is an effective approach to inducing semiconductor-to-TI transitions, with sizable nontrivial gaps of 25-37 meV. Analysis of the electronic structures reveals that the topological property mainly originates from the 5d orbitals of the Os atom. Furthermore, the TI gaps can be modulated by external biaxial strain.
Distributed voltage control and demand response
Creators: name: Akhtar, Zohaib
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Future power systems will have low inertia which will lead to larger deviations and rates of change of grid frequency. Large loss of infeed (e.g. due to a fault in the DC grid) higher than the spinning reserve can be more frequent. Also, voltage constraints will result in curtailment of renewable energy in the distribution systems. This thesis investigates the characteristics and eﬀectiveness of the use of power electronic compensators in the control of both grid voltage and frequency through aggregated demand response in an autonomous fashion without any need for communication. Not relying on communication is essential to have a plug-and-play functionality for these compensators, so no central controller is critical for the system operation. Concept of Electric Spring (ES) has been proposed recently, which is a series compensator used to decouple the non-critical load from the mains to form a Smart Load (SL). The voltage and hence the active and/or reactive power of the SL can be controlled to regulate the mains frequency and/or voltage. The classiﬁcation of SLs is provided and the characteristics and capabilities of each type are demonstrated through modelling, control design and simulations. The eﬀectiveness of SLs working in unison for voltage control is demonstrated through case studies on realistic power system models. The limitations of smart load with reactive compensation only are highlighted. To overcome these limitations, an additional shunt converter in back-to-back conﬁguration is proposed, which increases the ﬂexibility of the smart load without requiring any energy storage. The contribution of diﬀerent types of SLs in primary frequency control is also investigated. Sensitivity analysis are included to show the eﬀectiveness and limitations of SLs for varying load power factors, proportion of SLs, and system strengths. Due to the limitations associated with input voltage control technique used in SLs (such as load voltage tolerance and availability of non-critical loads), use of power electronic compensators in output voltage control like mid-feeder compensation (MFC) and point-of-load compensation (PoLC) are also analysed. A comparison between the MFC and PoLC option is presented in terms of their voltage control capability, required compensator capacity, network losses and PV throughput. Alongside voltage control, eﬀectiveness of the PoLC option for exercising voltage controlled demand response is also demonstrated and compared against the MFC option.
Adiabatic modulation of driving protocols in periodically driven quantum systems
Creators: name: Murali, Ashwin
name: Sarkar, Tapomoy Guha
name: Bandyopadhyay, Jayendra N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a periodically driven system where the high-frequency driving protocol consists of a sequence of potentials switched on and off at different instants within a period. We explore the possibility of introducing an adiabatic modulation of the driving protocol by considering a slow evolution of the instants when the sequence of potentials is switched on/off. We examine how this influences the long-term dynamics of periodically driven quantum systems. By assuming that the slow and fast timescales in the problem can be decoupled, we derive the stroboscopic (effective) Hamiltonian for a four-step driving sequence up to the first order in perturbation theory. We then apply this approach to a spin-$1/2$ system, where the adiabatic modulation of the driving protocol is chosen to produce an evolving emergent magnetic field that interacts with the spin. We study the emergence of diabolical points and diabolical loci in the parameter space of the effective Hamiltonian. Further, we study the topological properties of the maps of the adiabatic paths in the parameter space to the eigenspace of the effective Hamiltonian. In effect, we obtain a technique for tuning the topological properties of the eigenstates by selecting different adiabatic evolutions of the driving protocol, characterized by distinct paths in parameter space. This technique can be applied to any periodic driving protocol to achieve desirable topological effects.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Alternative compactifications in low genus Gromov-Witten theory
Creators: name: Battistella, Luca
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: In this thesis I explore the usefulness of alternative compactifications as a tool for answering some questions in Gromov-Witten theory, as well as the beautiful - and often simpler - geometry they exhibit, which is of independent interest. After a tour of quasimap theory with applications - including an explicit localisation formula in the toric setting, and an investigation of the quasimap quantum product in the semipositive case -, I discuss joint work with N. Nabijou in which we introduce the notion of relative quasimaps (in genus zero, when the target is toric, and the divisor is smooth and very ample), extend Gathmann’s formula, and exploit it in the semipositive case to obtain a quantum Lefschetz theorem for quasimaps. I describe a number of different approaches to the genus one Gromov-Witten theory of projective complete intersections, and hint at the relationship between them. I prove that the Li-Vakil-Zinger’s reduced invariants of the quintic threefold can be recovered from Viscardi’s moduli space of maps from at worst cuspidal curves (joint with F. Carocci and C. Manolache). Finally, I give a sketch of joint work in progress with N. Nabijou and D. Ranganathan on reduced genus one invariants relative to a smooth and very ample divisor, and show by means of examples how Gathmann’s recursion exhibits some non-trivial relations between the reduced invariants of the ambient space and those of the divisor (possibly with a double ramification condition).
Anas albeola Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Anseriformes
Anatidae
Anas
Anas albeola

description: Anas albeola [spec. nov.]
A. alba, dorso remigibusque nigris, capite caerulescente, occipite albo.
Anas minor albus & fuscus. Edw. av. 100. t. 100.
Habitat in America.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 124, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Page Curves for General Interacting Systems
Creators: name: Fujita, Hiroyuki
name: Nakagawa, Yuya O.
name: Sugiura, Sho
name: Watanabe, Masataka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate in detail the Renyi entanglement entropies of cTPQ states as a function of subsystem volume, filling the details of our prior work [Nature Communications 9, 1635 (2018)], where the formulas were first presented. Working in a limit of large total volume, we find universal formulas for the Renyi entanglement entropies in a region where the subsystem volume is comparable to that of the total system. The formulas are applicable to the infinite temperature limit as well as general interacting systems. For example we find that the second Renyi entropy of cTPQ states in terms of subsystem volume is written universally up to two constants, $S_2(\ell)=-\ln K(β)+\ell\ln a(β)-\ln\left(1+a(β)^{-L+2\ell}\right)$, where $L$ is the total volume of the system and $a$ and $K$ are two undetermined constants. The uses of the formulas were already presented in our prior work and we mostly concentrate on the theoretical aspect of the formulas themselves. Aside from deriving the formulas for the Renyi Page curves, the expression for the von Neumann Page curve is also derived, which was not presented in our previous work.
description: 29 pages, 3 figures; JHEP preparation
Generalized Linear Bandits with Limited Adaptivity
Creators: name: Sawarni, Ayush
name: Das, Nirjhar
name: Barman, Siddharth
name: Sinha, Gaurav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the generalized linear contextual bandit problem within the constraints of limited adaptivity. In this paper, we present two algorithms, $\texttt{B-GLinCB}$ and $\texttt{RS-GLinCB}$, that address, respectively, two prevalent limited adaptivity settings. Given a budget $M$ on the number of policy updates, in the first setting, the algorithm needs to decide upfront $M$ rounds at which it will update its policy, while in the second setting it can adaptively perform $M$ policy updates during its course. For the first setting, we design an algorithm $\texttt{B-GLinCB}$, that incurs $\tilde{O}(\sqrt{T})$ regret when $M = Ω( \log{\log T} )$ and the arm feature vectors are generated stochastically. For the second setting, we design an algorithm $\texttt{RS-GLinCB}$ that updates its policy $\tilde{O}(\log^2 T)$ times and achieves a regret of $\tilde{O}(\sqrt{T})$ even when the arm feature vectors are adversarially generated. Notably, in these bounds, we manage to eliminate the dependence on a key instance dependent parameter $κ$, that captures non-linearity of the underlying reward model. Our novel approach for removing this dependence for generalized linear contextual bandits might be of independent interest.
description: Accepted as Spotlight to NeurIPS 2024
H I, H II, and R-Band Observations of a Galactic Merger Sequence
Creators: name: Hibbard, J. E.
name: van Gorkom, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-quality aperture synthesis observations of the neutral hydrogen distribution in a sample of five galactic systems believed to be involved in progressive stages of merging: Arp295, NGC4676, NGC520, NGC3921, and NGC7252. These data are supplemented by wide-field images taken through a narrow band Halpha filter, and by deep R-band surface photometry. In the early stages, large amounts of HI exist within the galactic disks and star formation is widespread. The ionized gas emission often takes on the appearance of plumes and arcs emanating from the nuclear regions, which are presumably the sites of interaction induced starbursts. In the final stages there is little if any HI within the remnant bodies, and tidal material is seen moving inward. This suggests that these remnants will evolve into elliptical galaxies in their atomic gas contents as well as their photometric properties. However the observations of NGC520 reveal an extensive rotating gaseous disk, suggesting that perhaps some mergers will not destroy the atomic gas disks of the progenitors. Overall, large quantities of both gas and starlight are seen at large radii. Since this material evolves on very long time scales, it may leave observable signatures for many Gyr.
description: 71 pages, 18 Figs. Available electronically via the URL http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/~hibbard/MergeSeq/mergeseq.html To appear in the February 1996 issue of The Astronomical Journal