cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Subjective Experiences of Committed Meditators Across Practices Aiming for Contentless States
Creators: name: Woods, TJ
name: Windt, JM
name: Brown, Lydia
name: Carter, O
name: Van Dam, NT
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 5205
subject: Social and personality psychology
classificationCode: 5201
subject: Applied and developmental psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology

description: Objectives: Contentless experience involves an absence of mental content such as thoughts and perceptions. It is often described as pure consciousness or complete stillness/silence, and is a goal in Shamatha, Thai Forest, and Stillness Meditation. This study examined the subjective character of the deepest experience of stillness/silence typically reported in each practice, and whether there are differences in reports across traditions. Method: Eighty-four Shamatha, 80 Thai Forest, and 88 Stillness Meditation participants (M lifetime hours practice = 2305; median = 671; range = 5–34,021) provided usable responses to an online questionnaire. Participants were presented with 48 types of mental content described as absent or present in traditional texts, including well-recognized forms of content such as thoughts and perceptions, and less obvious forms—referred to in this paper as abstract content—such as wakefulness, naturalness, calm, bliss/joy, and freedom. Participants indicated the extent to which each type of content was part of their deepest experience of stillness/silence during a specific retreat or during class and home practice. Results: In each tradition, participants typically reported a highly positive experience involving low awareness of content such as thoughts and perceptions, and a high degree of abstract content such as calm and mental relaxation. Across the practices, there were robust differences with respect to bliss/joy, wakefulness, absorptiveness, and depth. Conclusions: The reported experiences are contentless in the sense that participants reported little awareness of content such as thoughts and perceptions. However, the experiences are not the states devoid of all content (and therefore identical to one another) that have been classically referred to in academic literature. These findings demonstrate the importance of examining contentless experiences in a fine-grained manner that takes into account abstract forms of content and assesses differences as well as similarities.
International Standards for Trustworthy Data Repositories
Creators: name: Downs, Robert R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Information science
Digital preservation
Database management
Data centers

description: Several international and community standards are applicable to the development and improvement of trustworthy data repositories. Such standards also inform practices of digital data repositories and serve as instruments for assessing their trustworthiness. When used to assess digital data repositories in terms of their trustworthiness, these standards offer value by establishing expectations for performance, based on the consensus of experts who represent international communities. As assessment instruments, such standards can be used by digital data repositories for conducting internal assessments, such as self-assessments, or for conducting external assessments, where auditors from outside the audited organization assess the data repository. Utilizing international and community standards for assessing a digital data repository for trustworthiness provides benefits to data centers and other kinds of data repositories and for a variety of other stakeholders, including producers and users of data, sponsors, publishers, and data professionals.
Testing the spin-cutoff parameterization with shell-model calculations
Creators: name: Spinella, William M.
name: Johnson, Calvin W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nuclear level density, an important input to Hauser-Feshbach calculations, depends not only on excitation energy but also on angular momentum J. The J-dependence of the level density at fixed excitation energy E_x is usually parameterized via the spin-cutoff factor sigma. We carefully test the statistical accuracy of this parameterization for a large number of spectra computed using semi-realistic interactions in the interacting shell model, with a nonlinear least-squares fit of sigma and finding the error bar in sigma. The spin-cutoff parameterization works well as long as there are enough states to be statistical. In turn, the spin-cutoff factor can be related to the average value of J^2 at a fixed excitation energy, and we briefly investigate extracting from a thermal calculation such as one might do via Monte Carlo.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures; accepted by Phys. Rev. C; modified in response to referee comments
title: Πρόταση διαμόρφωσης της περιοχής των Τουρκοβουνίων Αθήνας ως χώρου υπερτοπικής αναψυχής
Creators: name: Ντάφα Ευαγγελία
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2012

description: Μη διαθέσιμο
The interface for functions in the dune-functions module
Creators: name: Engwer, Christian
name: Gräser, Carsten
name: Müthing, Steffen
name: Sander, Oliver
Publisher: name: Archive of Numerical Software
Year: 2017
Subjects: dune; dune-functions; functions; type erasure; return-by-value; duck typing

description: The dune-functions Dune module introduces a new programmer interface for discrete and non-discrete functions. Unlike the previous interfaces considered in the existing Dune modules, it is based on overloading operator(), and returning values by-value.  This makes user code much more readable, and allows the incorporation of newer C++ features such as lambda expressions.  Run-time polymorphism is implemented not by inheritance, but by type erasure, generalizing the ideas of the std::function class from the C++11 standard library.  We describe the new interface, show its possibilities, and measure the  performance impact of type erasure and return-by-value.
description: Archive of Numerical Software, Vol 5, No 1 (2017)
Axisymmetric gravity currents in anisotropic porous media
Creators: name: Benham, GP
name: Neufeld, JA
name: Woods, AW
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the motion of an axisymmetric gravity current in an anisotropic porous medium in which the horizontal permeability is larger than the vertical permeability. It is well known that the classical axisymmetric gravity current supplied by a constant point source of fluid has an unphysical singularity near the origin. We address this by considering a pressure-dominated region near the origin which allows for vertical flow from the source, such that the current remains of finite depth, whilst beyond this region the flow is gravity-dominated. At early times the inner pressure-driven region controls the spreading of the current, but at late times the inner region occupies a progressively smaller fraction of the current such that the radius increases as $\sim t^{3/7}$, while the depth near the origin increases approximately as $\sim t^{1/7}$. The presence of anisotropy highlights this phenomenon, since the vertical permeability maintains an effect on the flow at late times through the pressure-driven flow near the origin. Using these results we provide some quantitative insights into the dominant dynamics which control CO$_2$ migration through permeable aquifers, as occurs in the context of carbon capture and storage.
Phase diagrams and excitations of anisotropic $S=1$ quantum magnets on the triangular lattice
Creators: name: Seifert, Urban F. P.
name: Savary, Lucile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $S=1$ bilinear-biquadratic Heisenberg exchange model on the triangular lattice with a single-ion anisotropy has previously been shown to host a number of exotic magnetic and nematic orders [Moreno-Cardoner $\textit{et al.}$, Phys. Rev. B $\textbf{90}$, 144409 (2014)], including an extensive region of "supersolid" order. In this work, we amend the model by an XXZ anisotropy in the exchange interactions. Tuning to the limit of an exactly solvable $S=1$ generalized Ising-/Blume-Capel-type model provides a controlled limit to access phases at finite transverse exchange. Notably, we find an additional macroscopically degenerate region in the phase diagram and study its fate under perturbation theory. We further map out phase diagrams as a function of the XXZ anisotropy parameter, ratio of bilinear and biquadratic interactions and single-ion anisotropy, and compute corrections to the total ordered moment in various phases using systematically constructed linear flavor-wave theory. We also present linear flavor-wave spectra of various states, finding that the lowest-energy band in three-sublattice generalized (i.e. with $S^z=\pm1,0$) Ising/Blume-Capel states, stabilized by strong exchange anisotropies, is remarkably flat, opening up the way to flat-band engineering of magnetic excitation via stabilizing non-trivial Ising-ordered ground states.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables
Anja Slawisch, Die Grabsteine der römischen Provinz Thracia. Aufnahme, Verarbeitung und Weitergabe überregionaler Ausdrucksmittel am Beispiel einer Binnenprovinz zwischen Ost und West
Creators: name: Conrad, Sven
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu: Anja Slawisch, Die Grabsteine der römischen Provinz Thracia. Aufnahme, Verarbeitung und Weitergabe überregionaler Ausdrucksmittel am Beispiel einer Binnenprovinz zwischen Ost und West. Schriften des Zentrums für Archäologie und Kulturgeschichte des Schwarzmeerraumes, Band 9. Verlag Beier und Beran, Langenweißbach 2007. 208 Seiten, 45 Tafeln
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 209.2009(2011): Bonner Jahrbücher
title: Debt-Relief Programs and Money Left on the Table: Evidence from Canada's Response to COVID-19
Creators: name: Allen, Jason
name: Clark, Robert
name: Li, Shaoteng
name: Vincent, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2021

description: During the COVID-19 pandemic, Canadian financial institutions offered debt-relief programs to help borrowers cope with job losses and economic insecurity. We consider the low take-up rates for these programs and suggest that to be effective, such programs must be visible and easy to use.

description: Pendant la pandémie de COVID-19, les institutions financières canadiennes ont offert des mesures d’allègement financier pour aider les emprunteurs à composer avec les pertes d’emploi et l’incertitude économique. Nous nous penchons sur les faibles taux de recours à ces mesures et constatons que pour être efficaces, celles-ci doivent être bien connues et faciles à utiliser.
Ruling out an inflation driven by a power law potential: kinetic coupling does not help
Creators: name: Avdeev, N.
name: Toporensky, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the latest constraints on inflationary observables, namely the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ and the scalar spectral index $n_{_S}$, from the Cosmic Background Radiation (CMB) observations are already strong enough to rule out the model of a scalar field with a power law potential even in the presence of kinetic coupling to gravity with a positive coupling constant. The case for a negative coupling constant needs special treatment.
description: 4 pages with 1 eps figure; title and abstract have been changed to better match with the result obtained; to appear in Gravitation and Cosmology
The Institute of Physics of La Plata in the first post-war period: the qualified transmission of sciences to young people
Creators: name: Gangui, Alejandro
name: Ortiz, Eduardo L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the first decade of the 20th century, the Universidad Nacional de La Plata, founded in 1905, created a modern and well-equipped Physics Institute. In this paper we study the impact that this initiative had on the modernisation of physics teaching at secondary and university level in Argentina. We focus on two of the most representative graduates of the Institute in those years, Ramon G. Loyarte and Enrique Loedel Palumbo, and analyse their most important pedagogical works and the public reception they received. These works are a sample of the contribution of the Institute of Physics to the raising of the level of national education in the field of physical sciences in the first half of the 20th century.
description: Article in Spanish, PDF document. Other related documents available at https://www.universoeinstein.com.ar/einsteinargentina.htm
title: Πρότυπο σύστημα ιδιόκτητων μονοκατοικιών και κοινόχρηστων χώρων σε προαστικές περιοχές
Creators: name: Μπεκιαρίδης Ευάγγελος
name: Παπαδοπούλου Δέσποινα
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2012

description: Μη διαθέσιμο
Amplitudes meet Cosmology: A (Scalar) Primer
Creators: name: Benincasa, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We review the most recent progress in our understanding of quantum mechanical observables in cosmology in the perturbative regime. It relies on an approach that considers them directly as functions of the data at the space-like boundary at future infinity prescinding from the explicit time evolution. It takes inspiration from the on-shell formulation of perturbative scattering amplitudes developed in the past 20 years: starting with the requirement of consistency with some fundamental principles such as causality, unitarity and locality, it provides different ways of phrasing and extracting predictions. In this review, we aim to provide a pedagogical treatment of the most recent insights about the analytic structure of the perturbative quantum mechanical observables in cosmology, its relation to fundamental principles as well as physical processes, and how such observables and their features emerge from novel well-defined mathematical objects with their own first principle definition. The review is divided in three parts: Part 0 discusses the definition of quantum mechanical observables in cosmology and some general principles; Part I reviews the boundary approach to the analysis and computation of the perturbative wavefunction of the universe; Part II provides an introduction to the combinatorial-geometrical description of cosmological processes in terms of cosmological polytopes.
description: 137 pages, figures with TikZ, invited review
Scaling of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm on superconducting qubit based hardware
Creators: name: Weidenfeller, Johannes
name: Valor, Lucia C.
name: Gacon, Julien
name: Tornow, Caroline
name: Bello, Luciano
name: Woerner, Stefan
name: Egger, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computers may provide good solutions to combinatorial optimization problems by leveraging the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). The QAOA is often presented as an algorithm for noisy hardware. However, hardware constraints limit its applicability to problem instances that closely match the connectivity of the qubits. Furthermore, the QAOA must outpace classical solvers. Here, we investigate swap strategies to map dense problems into linear, grid and heavy-hex coupling maps. A line-based swap strategy works best for linear and two-dimensional grid coupling maps. Heavy-hex coupling maps require an adaptation of the line swap strategy. By contrast, three-dimensional grid coupling maps benefit from a different swap strategy. Using known entropic arguments we find that the required gate fidelity for dense problems lies deep below the fault-tolerant threshold. We also provide a methodology to reason about the execution-time of QAOA. Finally, we present a QAOA Qiskit Runtime program and execute the closed-loop optimization on cloud-based quantum computers with transpiler settings optimized for QAOA. This work highlights some obstacles to improve to make QAOA competitive, such as gate fidelity, gate speed, and the large number of shots needed. The Qiskit Runtime program gives us a tool to investigate such issues at scale on noisy superconducting qubit hardware.
Person Centered Healthcare and Clinical Research: The Necessity of an Evolutionary Hierarchy of Knowing and Doing
Creators: name: Wyer, Peter C.
name: Loughlin, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Evidence-based medicine
Medical care
Clinical medicine--Research
Knowledge, Theory of

description: Effective person-centred care requires recognition of the personhood not only of patients but of practitioners. This chapter explores the consequences of this recognition for major debates in medical epistemology, regarding clinical reasoning and the relationship between research and practice. For too long these debates have been dominated by false dichotomies - subjectivity versus objectivity, judgement versus evidence, reason versus emotion. Based on flawed understandings of such core concepts as “objectivity” and “engagement”, this distorted dissection of the subject-object relationship has served to depersonalise practice. The costs of this depersonalisation include over-regulation and micromanagement of healthcare processes by administrators and payers at the same time that information from clinical research remains under-utilized and the personhood of patients’ risks being ignored. Science is a human practice, founded in a broader conception of human reasoning, ontologically dependent on human beings living and engaging with the world in social, emotional and ethical contexts. After looking at different conceptions of epistemic hierarchies and their uses in the analysis and evaluation of reasoning in a range of practice contexts, we propose a “nested hierarchy” that effectively turns upside-down the flawed evidence hierarchies that have helped to depersonalise care. T.S. Eliot’s “wisdom, knowledge, information” scheme (to which we add “data” below “information”) provides a model for a person-centred epistemic hierarchy. This crucial, person-centred inversion represents levels of awareness that characterize more or less developed thinking and judgment on the part of the particular practitioner.
The impact of systematic uncertainties in N-body simulations on the precision cosmology from galaxy clustering: a halo model approach
Creators: name: Wu, Hao-Yi
name: Huterer, Dragan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter N-body simulations provide a powerful tool to model the clustering of galaxies and help interpret the results of galaxy redshift surveys. However, the galaxy properties predicted from N-body simulations are not necessarily representative of the observed galaxy populations; for example, theoretical uncertainties arise from the absence of baryons in N-body simulations. In this work, we assess how the uncertainties in N-body simulations impact the cosmological parameters inferred from galaxy redshift surveys. Applying the halo model framework, we find that the velocity bias of galaxies in modeling the redshift-space distortions is likely to be the predominant source of systematic bias. For a deep, wide survey like BigBOSS, current 10 per cent uncertainties in the velocity bias limit k_max to 0.14 h/Mpc. In contrast, we find that the uncertainties related to the density profiles and the galaxy occupation statistics lead to relatively insignificant systematic biases. Therefore, the ability to calibrate the velocity bias accurately -- from observations as well as simulations -- will likely set the ultimate limit on the smallest length scale that can be used to infer cosmological information from galaxy clustering.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures; replaced to match published version
Magnetohydrodynamic Modeling of the Solar Eruption on 2010 April 8
Creators: name: Kliem, B.
name: Su, Y. N.
name: van Ballegooijen, A. A.
name: DeLuca, E. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of the coronal magnetic field prior to eruptive processes and the conditions for the onset of eruption are important issues that can be addressed through studying the magnetohydrodynamic stability and evolution of nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) models. This paper uses data-constrained NLFFF models of a solar active region that erupted on 2010 April 8 as initial condition in MHD simulations. These models, constructed with the techniques of flux rope insertion and magnetofrictional relaxation, include a stable, an approximately marginally stable, and an unstable configuration. The simulations confirm previous related results of magnetofrictional relaxation runs, in particular that stable flux rope equilibria represent key features of the observed pre-eruption coronal structure very well and that there is a limiting value of the axial flux in the rope for the existence of stable NLFFF equilibria. The specific limiting value is located within a tighter range, due to the sharper discrimination between stability and instability by the MHD description. The MHD treatment of the eruptive configuration yields very good agreement with a number of observed features like the strongly inclined initial rise path and the close temporal association between the coronal mass ejection and the onset of flare reconnection. Minor differences occur in the velocity of flare ribbon expansion and in the further evolution of the inclination; these can be eliminated through refined simulations. We suggest that the slingshot effect of horizontally bent flux in the source region of eruptions can contribute significantly to the inclination of the rise direction. Finally, we demonstrate that the onset criterion formulated in terms of a threshold value for the axial flux in the rope corresponds very well to the threshold of the torus instability in the considered active region.
description: V3: minor update to conform to the published article; dropped part of caption of Fig. 12 is included here
title: (Optimal) Monetary Policy with and without Debt
Creators: name: Chafwehé, Boris
name: Oikonomou, Rigas
name: Priftis, Romanos
name: Vogel, Lukas
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2021

description: How should policy be designed at high debt levels, when fiscal authorities have little room to adjust taxes? Assigning the monetary authority a role in achieving debt sustainability makes it less effective in stabilizing inflation and output.

description: Comment la politique devrait-elle être conçue dans un contexte de niveaux d’endettement élevés, où les autorités budgétaires ont peu de marge de manœuvre pour ajuster les taux d’imposition? Une autorité monétaire qui doit jouer un rôle afin d’assurer la viabilité de la dette réussit moins bien à stabiliser l’inflation et l’écart de production.
QCD sum rule study for hidden-strange pentaquarks
Creators: name: Yang, Pengfei
name: Chen, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by the LHCb's observations of hidden-charm $P_{c(s)}$ states, we study their hidden-strange analogues $P_s$ states in both $[udu][\bar ss]$ and $[uds][\bar su]$ configurations. We investigate the $P_s$ pentaquark states in $pη^\prime$, $pϕ$, $ΛK$, $ΣK$ and $Σ^\ast K^\ast$ structures with $J^P = \frac{1}{2}^-$ and $Σ^\ast K$ and $ΣK^\ast$ with $J^P = \frac{3}{2}^-$, and calculate their masses in the framework of QCD sum rules. Our numerical results show that the extracted hadron masses for all the $pη^\prime$, $pϕ$, $ΛK$, $ΣK$ and $Σ^\ast K^\ast$ structures are much higher than $ΣK$ mass threshold and masses for $Σ^\ast K$ and $ΣK^\ast$ also higher than threshold of corresponding hadron, so that no bound state exists in such channels, which is consistent with the experimental status to date.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures. To be published in Chinese Physics C
title: Αξιολόγηση ρύπανσης από πετρελαιοειδή στον κόλπο της Σούδας Χανίων
Creators: name: Μελιγκουνακη Βιργινια
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2015

description: Στόχος της παρούσας εργασίας ήταν η αποτίμηση της ρύπανσης από πετρελαιοειδή στην ευρύτερη περιοχή του κόλπου των Χανίων.Η εργασία πραγματοποιήθηκε σε συνεργασία με το Ευρωπαϊκό Πρόγραμμα LIFE+ PROTEAS «Πρωτόκολλο για εκπομπές και σενάρια ατυχημάτων κατά την τροφοδοσία και διακίνηση καυσίμων και Πετροχημικών προϊόντων» του Πολυτεχνείου Κρήτης.Στα πλαίσια της εργασίας συλλέχθηκαν δείγματα υδατικά και εδαφικά σε διαφορετικές χρονικές περιόδους. Αναπτύχθηκαν και εφαρμόστηκαν πρότυπες μέθοδοι προσδιορισμού συγκέντρωσης των συνολικών πετρελαϊκών υδρογονανθράκων (ΤΡΗ), των κανονικών αλκανιων και των πολυκυκλικών αρωματικών υδρογονανθράκων (PAH). Επιπλέον συγκεντρώθηκαν δεδομένα ρύπανσης από πετρελαιοειδή από μελέτες που είχαν διεξαχθεί στην ίδια περιοχή τα προηγούμενα χρόνια.
Από την αξιολόγηση των αποτελεσμάτων προκύπτει μέτριας έντασης χρόνια επιβάρυνση της περιοχής κυρίως από υδρογονάνθρακες κλασμάτων καυσίμων, η οποία εμφανίζει διακυμάνσεις, που αποδίδονται στις επικρατούσες κατά την περίοδο των δειγματοληψιών, κλιματολογικές συνθήκες αλλά και σε διακριτά επεισόδια διαρροών.
Conventionalism about time direction
Creators: name: Farr, Matt
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Original Research
All Things Reichenbach
Time
Direction of time
Conventionalism
Reichenbach
Past hypothesis

description: AbstractIn what sense is the direction of time a matter of convention? In The Direction of Time, Hans Reichenbach makes brief reference to parallels between his views about the status of time’s direction and his conventionalism about geometry. In this article, I: (1) provide a conventionalist account of time direction motivated by a number of Reichenbach’s claims in the book; (2) show how forwards and backwards time can give equivalent descriptions of the world despite the former being the ‘natural’ direction of time; and (3) argue that this offers an important middle-ground position between existing realist and antirealist accounts of the direction of time.
Decadal bandwidth phase matching for frequency resolved optical gating from the near to the long wavelength infrared
Creators: name: Davis, Brandin
name: Saule, Tobias
name: Trallero-Herrero, Carlos A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-fast laser pulses have made possible the study of extreme nonlinear processes. Many of these experiments however require a full characterization of the electric field, which typically requires a separate parametric optical process. As the central wavelength range of new sources continues to increase so too does the need for nonlinear crystals suited for characterizing these differing wavelengths. Here we report on the use of polycrystalline Zinc Selenide as a universal nonlinear crystal in the frequency resolved optical gating characterization technique from the near to long-wavelength infrared, capable of phase matching second-harmonic generation and sum-frequency generation over a decade of bandwidth, as well as ultra-broadband pulses, all of which being crystal orientation and input polarization independent. With the majority of ultra-fast laser sources being in this span of wavelengths, this work demonstrates a greatly simplified approach towards ultra-fast pulse characterization in the mid to long-wavelength infrared.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Zur Lage des altsprachlichen Unterrichts in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Bericht auf der Vertreterversammlung in Fulda am 20.2.1999
Creators: name: Brückner, Thomas
name: Scheda, Gunther
Publisher: name: Forum Classicum
Year: 2017

description: -
description: Forum Classicum, Nr. 1 (1999): Forum Classicum
Holographic reconstruction of asymptotically flat spacetimes
Creators: name: Tjoa, Erickson
name: Gray, Finnian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a "holographic" reconstruction of bulk spacetime geometry using correlation functions of a massless field living at the "future boundary" of the spacetime, namely future null infinity $\mathscr{I}^+$. It is holographic in the sense that there exists a one-to-one correspondence between correlation functions of a massless field in four-dimensional spacetime $\mathcal{M}$ and those of another massless field living in three-dimensional null boundary $\mathscr{I}^+$. The idea is to first reconstruct the bulk metric $g_{μν}$ by "inverting" the bulk correlation functions and re-express the latter in terms of boundary correlators via the correspondence. This effectively allows asymptotic observers close to $\mathscr{I}^+$ to reconstruct the deep interior of the spacetime using only correlation functions localized near $\mathscr{I}^+$.
description: 10 pages, single column; Essay written for the Gravity Research Foundation 2022 Awards for Essays on Gravitation --- Honourable Mention. Submitted to IJMPD for consideration as part of GRF special issue. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2204.13133
Mechanisms for Consultation and Free, Prior and Informed Consent in the Negotiation of Investment Contracts
Creators: name: Szoke-Burke, Sam
name: Cordes, Kaitlin Y.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics
Finance

description: Investor-state contracts are regularly used in low- and middle-income countries to grant concessions for land-based and natural resource investments, such as agricultural, extractive industry, forestry, or renewable energy projects. These contracts are rarely negotiated in the presence of, or with meaningful input from, the people who risk being adversely affected by the project. This practice will usually risk violating requirements for meaningful consultation, and, where applicable, free, prior and informed consent (FPIC), and is particularly concerning when the investor-state contract gives the investor company rights to lands or resources over which local communities have legitimate claims. This article explores how consultation and FPIC processes can be practically integrated into investor-state contract negotiations to better safeguard the land rights and human rights of members of project-affected communities. Based on a review of relevant international law standards and guidance documents, a close analysis of typical investor-state negotiations and of consultation and consent processes in other contexts, and a workshop with Indigenous and civil society representatives, the article provides three options for integrating consultation and consent processes into contract negotiations, the appropriateness of which will vary depending on local contexts and communities’ resources and decision-making structures.
The interplay between mass-loss and binarity
Creators: name: Sana, Hugues
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most stars with birth masses larger than that of our Sun belong to binary or higher order multiple systems. Similarly, most stars have stellar winds. Radiation pressure and multiplicity create outflows of material that remove mass from the primary star and inject it into the interstellar medium or transfer it to a companion. Both have strong impact on the subsequent evolution of the stars, yet they are often studied separately. In this short review, I will sketch part of the landscape of the interplay between stellar winds and binarity. I will present several examples where binarity shapes the stellar outflows, providing new opportunities to understand and measure mass loss properties. Stellar winds spectral signatures often help clearly identifying key stages of stellar evolution. The multiplicity properties of these stages then shed a new light onto evolutionary connections between the different categories of evolved stars.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Universal features of counting statistics of thermal and quantum phase slips in superconducting nanocircuits
Creators: name: Murphy, A.
name: Weinberg, P.
name: Aref, T.
name: Coskun, U.
name: Vakaryuk, V.
name: Levchenko, A.
name: Bezryadin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform measurements of phase-slip-induced switching current events on different types of superconducting weak links and systematically study statistical properties of the switching current distributions. We employ two types of devices in which a weak link is formed either by a superconducting nanowire or by a graphene flake subject to proximity effect. We demonstrate that, independently on the nature of the weak link, higher moments of the distribution take universal values. In particular, the third moment (skewness) of the distribution is close to -1 both in thermal and quantum regimes. The fourth moment (kurtosis) also takes a universal value close to 5. The discovered universality of skewness and kurtosis is confirmed by an analytical model. Our numerical analysis shows that introduction of extraneous noise into the system leads to significant deviations from the universal values. We suggest to use the discovered universality of higher moments as a robust tool for checking against undesirable effects on noise in various types of measurements.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; supplementary materials: 4 pages, 4 figures
Panorama do lixo na Praia do Cassino, RS
Creators: name: Ramos, Bruna
name: Vianna Alencar, Melanie
name: Lameiro, Fábio
name: Luzia, Ana
name: Proietti, Maira
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 50206 Environmental Monitoring
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: 91209 Polymers and Plastics
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: Este panorama é destinado à população da cidade do Rio Grande (RS), aos frequentadores da Praia do Cassino, à Secretaria Especial do Cassino (SEC), à Secretaria de Município do Meio Ambiente (SMMA), à Secretaria Municipal de Pesca (SMP) e à Secretaria de Controle e Serviços Urbanos (SMSCU) do Rio Grande; bem como aos demais tomadores de decisão e partes interessadas. As informações desse panorama são fruto de uma pesquisa científica realizada pelo Projeto Lixo Marinho, vinculado ao Instituto de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG). O estudo completo foi publicado na revista Environmental Pollution em março de 2021 (de Ramos et al., 2021).
Modeling Smectic Layers in Confined Geometries: Order Parameter and Defects
Creators: name: Pevnyi, Mykhailo Y.
name: Selinger, Jonathan V.
name: Sluckin, Timothy J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify problems with the standard complex order parameter formalism for smectic-A (SmA) liquid crystals, and discuss possible alternative descriptions of smectic order. In particular, we suggest an approach based on the real smectic density variation rather than a complex order parameter. This approach gives reasonable numerical results for the smectic layer configuration and director field in sample geometries, and can be used to model smectic liquid crystals under nanoscale confinement for technological applications.
description: 8 pages
Edge-cloud Collaborative Learning with Federated and Centralized Features
Creators: name: Li, Zexi
name: Li, Qunwei
name: Zhou, Yi
name: Zhong, Wenliang
name: Zhang, Guannan
name: Wu, Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated learning (FL) is a popular way of edge computing that doesn't compromise users' privacy. Current FL paradigms assume that data only resides on the edge, while cloud servers only perform model averaging. However, in real-life situations such as recommender systems, the cloud server has the ability to store historical and interactive features. In this paper, our proposed Edge-Cloud Collaborative Knowledge Transfer Framework (ECCT) bridges the gap between the edge and cloud, enabling bi-directional knowledge transfer between both, sharing feature embeddings and prediction logits. ECCT consolidates various benefits, including enhancing personalization, enabling model heterogeneity, tolerating training asynchronization, and relieving communication burdens. Extensive experiments on public and industrial datasets demonstrate ECCT's effectiveness and potential for use in academia and industry.
description: Accepted by Proceedings of the 46th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (SIGIR '23)
The Policy Implications of Third-Party Funding in Investor-State Dispute Settlement
Creators: name: Guven, Brooke S.
name: Johnson, Lise
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics
Finance

description: In this Working Paper, The Policy Implications of Third-Party Funding in Investor-State Dispute Settlement, CCSI analyzes underexplored yet critical policy issues surrounding the use of third-party funding in ISDS. It considers the costs and benefits of the practice, asks whether it is desirable or undesirable that third-parties be permitted to invest in ISDS claims, and if so, under what circumstances and in order to achieve what objectives, and overviews policy responses, including a total or partial ban and various regulatory responses, that may be appropriate to manage identified impacts.
Resurgent revivals in bosonic quantum gases: a striking signature of many-body quantum interferences
Creators: name: Schlagheck, Peter
name: Ullmo, Denis
name: Lando, Gabriel M.
name: Tomsovic, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Matter wave revivals depend on a delicate interplay of constructive many-body quantum interferences in the developing dynamics of an ultracold bosonic system in an optical lattice. It is shown that the interplay between weak intersite tunneling and strong onsite interactions can lead to the quantum dynamics of a density wave displaying several features not found in the mean-field limit: occupancy oscillations, resurgent revivals, and a (anti-) synchronization of revival peaks and occupancy oscillation peaks. This implies cooperative interference effects that alternate between constructive and destructive features leading to the peak revival behaviors. These many-body quantum interference phenomena create striking features in various observables, which are accessible in experimental measurements.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Malaysian Adolescents: An Investigation on the Development and Feasibility of a Culturally-appropriate ACT-based Prevention Program
Creators: name: WOO, JHIA MAE
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 520303
subject: Counselling psychology
classificationCode: 321301
subject: Adolescent health
classificationCode: 420313
subject: Mental health services

description: The present thesis reports on the development of the ‘Time to ACT! protocol, a culturally-adapted Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) based protocol for Malaysian adolescents. The present thesis also investigates the feasibility and acceptability of the ‘Time to ACT!’ as a stress and anxiety prevention program for Malaysian adolescents. The study applies a three-phase cultural adaptation model in developing, validating and testing the current ‘Time to ACT!’ program. The emerging findings from this study intend to contribute valuably to literature, clinical practices and research on effective prevention programs in the Malaysian context.
dS$\boldsymbol{_2}$ as excitation of AdS$\boldsymbol{_2}$
Creators: name: Ecker, Florian
name: Grumiller, Daniel
name: McNees, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a family of 2D dilaton gravity models with state-dependent constant curvature so that dS$_2$ emerges as an excitation of AdS$_2$. Curiously, the strong coupling region corresponds to the asymptotic region geometrically. Apart from these key differences, many features resemble the Almheiri--Polchinski model. We discuss perturbative and non-perturbative thermodynamical stability, bubble nucleation through matter shockwaves, and semiclassical backreaction effects. In some of these models, we find that low temperatures are dominated by AdS$_2$ but high temperatures are dominated by dS$_2$, concurrent with a recent proposal by Susskind.
description: 40 pages plus appendices, v2: added 2 refs and extended discussion in sec 6, v3: added ref and a comment in sec 4
title: Καθαρισμός υγρών αποβλήτων που περιέχουν βαρέα μέταλλα με χρήση ενεργών υλικών
Creators: name: Φραγκουλης Παυλος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2015

description: Ζούμε σε έναν αιώνα κατά τον οποίο η συνεχής τεχνολογική πρόοδος και γενικότερα η βιομηχανική ανάπτυξη, τον καθιστούν σημείο αναφοράς. Αλληλένδετα με αυτή τη ραγδαία ανάπτυξη συνδέεται, ως επακόλουθο αυτής, η καταστροφή των φυσικών πόρων, οι οποίοι παράλληλα αποτελούν μια από τις συνιστώσες αυτής της ανάπτυξης.
            Κατά τις τελευταίες δεκαετίες, η φυσική ποιότητα των υδάτινων πόρων μεταβλήθηκε σημαντικά εξ' αιτίας των διαφόρων ανθρώπινων δραστηριοτήτων και χρήσεων νερού. Η μεταβολή αυτή μπορεί να έχει αρνητικές επιπτώσεις στον άνθρωπο, σε άλλους ζωικούς ή φυτικούς οργανισμούς και γενικότερα να διαταράξει την ισορροπία των οικοσυστημάτων σε μεγάλη ή μικρή γεωγραφική κλίμακα.
Η ρύπανση των εδαφών, των υδάτων (επιφανειακών και υπογείων) και του αέρα λόγω της διάθεσης λυμάτων και εκπομπών επιβλαβών αερίων από βιομηχανικές εγκαταστάσεις, είναι οι ορισμένες από τις αιτίες που ενισχύουν την περιβαλλοντική ρύπανση.
Από τα πιο σημαντικά προβλήματα αποτελούν τα βαρέα μέταλλα όπως ο μόλυβδος και το νικέλιο, τα οποία περιέχονται στα υγρά απόβλητα που προκύπτουν από μια πλειάδα βιομηχανικών εφαρμογών.
Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία γίνεται διερεύνηση της αποδοτικότητας ορισμένων ενεργών υλικών όσον αφορά στην απομάκρυνση βαρέων μετάλλων από υγρά απόβλητα.
Ως ενεργά υλικά χρησιμοποιήθηκαν ο ζεόλιθος, ο ενεργοποιημένος άνθρακας και ο στοιχειακός σίδηρος σε συγκεντρώσεις που κυμαίνονται μεταξύ 0,5 - 5 g/L ενώ ως βαρέα μέταλλα χρησιμοποιήθηκαν το νικέλιο (Ni) , το κοβάλτιο (Co), ο μόλυβδος (Pb), το χρώμιο (Cr),  ο χαλκός (Cu)  και το κάδμιο (Cd).
Οι μετρήσεις πραγματοποιήθηκαν στο εργαστήριο «Τεχνολογίες διαχείρισης μεταλλευτικών και μεταλλουργικών αποβλήτων και αποκατάστασης εδαφών» της Σχολής Μηχανικών Ορυκτών Πόρων του Πολυτεχνείου Κρήτης.
Panorama do lixo na Praia do Cassino, RS
Creators: name: Ramos, Bruna
name: Proietti, Maira
name: Vianna Alencar, Melanie
name: Luzia, Ana
name: Lameiro, Fábio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 50206 Environmental Monitoring
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: 91209 Polymers and Plastics
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: Este panorama é destinado à população da cidade do Rio Grande (RS), aos frequentadores da Praia do Cassino, à Secretaria Especial do Cassino (SEC), à Secretaria de Município do Meio Ambiente (SMMA), à Secretaria Municipal de Pesca (SMP) e à Secretaria de Controle e Serviços Urbanos (SMSCU) do Rio Grande; bem como aos demais tomadores de decisão e partes interessadas. As informações desse panorama são fruto de uma pesquisa científica realizada pelo Projeto Lixo Marinho, vinculado ao Instituto de Oceanografia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG). O estudo completo foi publicado na revista Environmental Pollution em março de 2021 (de Ramos et al., 2021).
title: Αναζήτηση πηγών τροφοδοσίας κλαστικών ιζημάτων νεογενών σχηματισμών της λεκάνης της Μεσσαράς με χρήση βαρέων ορυκτών
Creators: name: Πολυχρονακης Χαραλαμπος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2015

description: Τα αλπικής και προαλπικής ηλικίας πετρώματα της Κρήτης έχουν καλυφθεί κατά τη διάρκεια του Νεογενούς από κατ΄εξοχήν κλαστικές, ετερογενείς στη λιθολογία, ακολουθίες που κατά θέσεις έχουν μεγάλο πάχος (μεγαλύτερο από 600 μ.), για τις οποίες, σε διάφορα χρονικά διαστήματα, εκπονήθηκαν προγράμματα αναζήτησης υδρογονανθράκων. Παρόλο που μεγάλος αριθμός ερευνητών, έχει μελετήσει τους προ- νεογενείς και νεογενείς σχηματισμούς της νήσου, υπάρχει σχετικά μικρός αριθμός εργασιών σχετικών με την παλαιογεωγραφική της εξέλιξη κατά το Νεογενές και ταυτόχρονα λείπουν παντελώς εργασίες σχετικές με την προέλευση (provenance) για τις περιοχές/θέσεις καθώς και τους σχηματισμούς τροφοδοσίας των υλικών, που δημιούργησαν αρχικά τα ιζήματα και στη συνέχεια τα πετρώματα του Νεογενούς.
Σκοπός αυτής της εργασίας είναι στα πλαίσια της «ανάλυσης προέλευσης» (provenance analysis) η πρώτη συστηματική μελέτη του κλάσματος βαρέων ορυκτών ψαμμιτών από ακολουθίες του Νεογενούς, των οποίων είναι γνωστή η στρωματογραφική θέση. Η χωρική κατανομή των θέσεων δειγματοληψίας έγινε με ισόρροπη κατανομή εντός της ευρύτερης περιοχής της λεκάνης της Μεσσαράς, που είναι η περιοχή της Κρήτης με τις μεγαλύτερες σε έκταση εμφανίσεις του Νεογενούς, με τρόπο που να επιτρέπει έναν πρώτο συσχετισμό και σύγκριση των αποτελεσμάτων της μελέτης των βαρέων ορυκτών, με απώτερο στόχο την εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων σχετικών με την παλαιογεωγραφική θέση των περιοχών τροφοδοσίας των αρχικών αμμούχων ιζημάτων, που δημιούργησαν τα πετρώματα δειγματοληψίας.
Από τα έντεκα δείγματα που μελετήθηκαν στα κλάσματα 63-125 και 125 -250μm ανακτήθηκε με τη μέθοδο των βαρέων υγρών η συνάθροιση των βαρέων ορυκτών, και αφού ακτινογραφήθηκε αναλύθηκαν ποιοτικά τα ορυκτά και υπολογίστηκε η σχετική ποσοστιαία αναλογία τους, με τo υπoλoγιστικό πακέτο EVA. Η μαζική ύπαρξη ορυκτών των ομάδων επιδότου και αμφιβόλων και στα δύο κλάσματα, σε εννέα από τα έντεκα δείγματα που πάρθηκαν από τους σχηματισμούς Σχινιά και Αμπελούζου, υποδεικνύουν ότι οι σχηματισμοί τροφοδοσίας των πετρωμάτων των σχηματισμών αυτών, που διαφέρουν και σε ηλικία αλλά και σε αποθετικό περιβάλλον (Σκινιά θαλάσσιο και Αμπελούζου λιμνοθαλάσσσιο - ποτάμιο) φαίνεται, από τα πρώτα αυτά δείγματα που αναλύθηκαν, να είναι τα μεταμορφωμένα πετρώματα του ανώτερου καλύμματος των Εσωτερικών Ελληνίδων και σε δεύτερη θέση τα μεταμορφωμένα πετρώματα του Φυλλιτικού Καλύμματος, που αντιπροσωπεύεται με την παρουσία κυρίως του χλωριτοειδούς. Τα πρώτα αυτά αποτελέσματα συνηγορούν στην άποψη, που εδώ και δεκαετίες έχει προταθεί, ότι η πηγή τροφοδοσίας των κλαστικών ιζημάτων που πλήρωσαν τις λεκάνες του Νεογενούς στην Κρήτη θα πρέπει να αναζητηθεί βορειότερα της Κρήτης, στην περιοχή του Κεντρικού Αιγαίου, που ήταν και είναι ευρέως εξαπλωμένα τα πετρώματα αυτά και όχι στις μικρές, καλυμματικού τύπου, διάσπαρτες εμφανίσεις του νησιού.