cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Detection of Infectious Adenovirus in Cell Culture by mRNA Reverse Transcription-PCR
Creators: name: Sobsey, M. D.
name: Cromeans, T. L.
name: Ko, G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: We have developed and evaluated the reverse transcription (RT)-PCR detection of mRNA in cell culture to assay infectious adenoviruses (Ads) by using Ad type 2 (Ad2) and Ad41 as models. Only infectious Ads are detected because they are the only ones able to produce mRNA during replication in cell culture. Three primer sets for RT-PCR amplification of mRNA were evaluated for their sensitivity and specificity: a conserved region of late mRNA transcript encoding a virion structural hexon protein and detecting a wide range of human Ads and two primer sets targeting a region of an early mRNA transcript that specifically detects either Ad2 and Ad5 or Ad40 and Ad41. The mRNAs of infected A549 and Graham 293 cells were recovered from cell lysates with oligo(dT) at different time periods after infection and treated with RNase-free DNase to remove residual contaminating DNA, and then Ad mRNA was detected by RT-PCR assay. The mRNA of Ad2 was detected as early as 6 h after infection at 106 infectious units (IU) per cell culture and after longer incubation times at levels as low as 1 to 2 IU per cell culture. The mRNA of Ad41 was detected as soon as 24 h after infection at 106 IU per cell culture and at levels as low as 5 IU per cell culture after longer incubation times. To confirm the detection of only infectious viruses, it was shown that no mRNA was detected from Ad2 and Ad41 inactivated by free chlorine or high doses of collimated, monochromatic (254-nm) UV radiation. Detection of Ad2 mRNA exactly coincided with the presence of virus infectivity detected by cytopathogenic effects in cell cultures, but mRNA detection occurred sooner. These results suggest that mRNA detection by RT-PCR assay in inoculated cell cultures is a very sensitive, specific, and rapid method by which to detect infectious Ads in water and other environmental samples.
Communication between general-relativistic observers without a shared reference frame
Creators: name: Chȩcińska, Agata
name: Dragan, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to reliably encode quantum information and send it between two arbitrary general-relativistic observers without a shared reference frame. Any information stored in a quantum field will inevitably be destroyed by an unknown Bogolyubov transformation relating the observers. However certain quantum correlations between different, independent fields will be preserved, no matter what transformation is applied. We show how to efficiently use these correlations in communication between arbitrary observers.
description: 5 pages, extended "Example" section
Broken Bridges: Trust in National Governments and NATO Among the Russian Minority Areas in the Baltic States after the Russian Invasion of Ukraine
Creators: name: Beliveau, Jon Nicholas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: This study analyses to what degree trust changed among the Russian minorities in the Baltic states in regard to their national governments and NATO following the war in Ukraine. Constructivism lays the theoretical framework, which is aided by conceptualisations of hybrid warfare and trust. Quantitative analysis relies on regional and language data from the Eurobarometer 2021 and 2022 surveys, as well as political party data from all three countries. The outcome of the study shows that Ida-Viru County in Estonia has a distinctive “Russian Identity” that is not mirrored at the national level or in Latvia or Lithuania. This study aids broader academic research on the Russian minorities in these three countries to see how the war in Ukraine affected thinking on national and international institutions.
Network events on multiple space and time scales in cultured neural networks and in a stochastic rate model
Creators: name: Gigante, Guido
name: Deco, Gustavo
name: Marom, Shimon
name: Del Giudice, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cortical networks, in-vitro as well as in-vivo, can spontaneously generate a variety of collective dynamical events such as network spikes, UP and DOWN states, global oscillations, and avalanches. Though each of them have been variously recognized in previous works as expressions of the excitability of the cortical tissue and the associated nonlinear dynamics, a unified picture of their determinant factors (dynamical and architectural) is desirable and not yet available. Progress has also been partially hindered by the use of a variety of statistical measures to define the network events of interest. We propose here a common probabilistic definition of network events that, applied to the firing activity of cultured neural networks, highlights the co-occurrence of network spikes, power-law distributed avalanches, and exponentially distributed `quasi-orbits', which offer a third type of collective behavior. A rate model, including synaptic excitation and inhibition with no imposed topology, synaptic short-term depression, and finite-size noise, accounts for all these different, coexisting phenomena. We find that their emergence is largely regulated by the proximity to an oscillatory instability of the dynamics, where the non-linear excitable behavior leads to a self-amplification of activity fluctuations over a wide range of scales in space and time. In this sense, the cultured network dynamics is compatible with an excitation-inhibition balance corresponding to a slightly sub-critical regime. Finally, we propose and test a method to infer the characteristic time of the fatigue process, from the observed time course of the network's firing rate. Unlike the model, possessing a single fatigue mechanism, the cultured network appears to show multiple time scales, signalling the possible coexistence of different fatigue mechanisms.
description: 35 pages, 9 figures
Sustainable management of piped water supply infrastructure in developing communities
Creators: name: Ermilio, Jordan
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 129999 Built Environment and Design not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: As the international development community continues to identify the sustainability of water infrastructure as an important development goal, the need for technical performance-monitoring is significant. A number of research initiatives have identified limitations with respect to current strategies for monitoring sustainability. These studies suggest that progress monitoring and proxy indicators used to evaluate the Millennium Development Goals, are not sufficient for measuring the Sustainable Development Goals. Whereas, progress can be viewed as a discrete and linear variable, sustainability is complex and continuous in nature. As a result, water development goals that call for “ensuring availability and sustainable management of water”, require research initiatives that use more objective and continuous monitoring to move the sector beyond progress monitoring. In addition, there is a need for research that employs performance monitoring methods that are intended to improve local management and inform utility operations.
Molecular Surveillance of Enterovirus and Norwalk-Like Virus in Oysters Relocated to a Municipal-Sewage-Impacted Gulf Estuary
Creators: name: Baric, R. S.
name: Calci, K. R.
name: Woods, J. W.
name: Shieh, Y. C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: An 18-month survey was conducted to examine the prevalence of enteric viruses and their relationship to indicators in environmentally polluted shellfish. Groups of oysters, one group per 4 weeks, were relocated to a coastal water area in the Gulf of Mexico that is impacted by municipal sewage and were analyzed for enteroviruses, Norwalk-like viruses (NLV), and indicator microorganisms (fecal coliform, Escherichia coli, and male-specific coliphages). The levels of indicator microorganisms were consistent with the expected continuous pollution of the area. Fourteen of the 18 oyster samples were found by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR to harbor NLV and/or enterovirus sequences. Of the four virus-negative oysters, three had exposure to water temperatures of >29°C. Concomitant with these findings, two of these four oysters also accumulated the lowest levels of coliphages. PCR primers targeting pan-enteroviruses and the NLV 95/96-US common subset were utilized; NLV sequences were detected more frequently than those of enteroviruses. Within the 12-month sampling period, NLV and enterovirus sequences were detected in 58 and 42%, respectively, of the oysters (67% of the oysters tested were positive for at least one virus) from a prohibited shellfish-growing area approximately 30 m away from a sewage discharge site. Eight (4.6%) of the 175 NLV capsid nucleotide sequences were heterogeneous among the clones derived from naturally polluted oysters. Overall, enteric viral sequences were found in the contaminated oysters throughout all seasons except hot summer, with a higher prevalence of NLV than enterovirus. Although a high percentage of the oysters harbored enteric viruses, the virus levels were usually less than or equal to 2 logs of RT-PCR-detectable units per gram of oyster meat.
Eta-nuclear interaction: optical vs. coupled channels
Creators: name: Niskanen, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of etamesic nuclei has been speculated for a long time without firm experimental evidence. Much of the effort has taken place in final state interactions on production. One crucial factor in seeing a quasibound state is its width, which should be related to the imaginary part of the scattering length. Comparing two models for eta-N scattering giving the same elementary scattering length, a simple optical potential and an explicit coupling to the pionic channel, it is seen that the latter yields a much smaller imaginary part for eta-nucleus scattering. This decrease of absorption may also mean a possibility for narrow eta-nuclear states.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, verbal clarifications added, Conclusion extended
Data Collection and Usability Clinical Study Results: PERSIST Case Study
Creators: name: Horvat, Matej
name: Ravnik, Maja
name: Bēma, Dina
name: Poļaka, Inese
name: Arcimoviča, Krista
name: Leščinska, Anna Marija
name: Chavez, Marcela
name: Molan, Maja
name: Pires, Liliana
name: Duflot, Patrick
name: Bleret, Valérie
name: Urška Smrke
name: Montero, Ariadna Mato
name: Cruz, Beatriz Calderón
name: Mlakar, Izidor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The PERSIST European Project: "Patients-centered SurvivorShIp care plan after Cancer treatments based on Big Data and Artificial Intelligence technologies" was developed to improve health outcomes, quality of life (QoL) and promote stress reduction for breast and colorectal cancer survivors after treatment. The long-term result will be to reduce the socio-economic burden related to cancer survivors’ care. As part of the PERSIST project, a pilot clinical study is being performed to assess the feasibility of patient interaction with the smart bracelet, the data reported by patients using the mHealth application (mHealthApp), and the usefulness of data collected and their correlation with clinical and demographic data. This pilot study is carried out by four clinical centres - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire De Liege (CHU) in Belgium, University Medical Centre Maribor (UKCM) in Slovenia, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense (SERGAS) in Spain and Riga East Clinical University Hospital (REUH) in Latvia in collaboration with University of Latvia (UL), as well as collaboration with other project partners. The pilot study involves 160 patients (80 survivors of breast cancer and 80 survivors of colon cancer, split equally among four clinical pilots.
Jasminanthoside – a new pregnane-steroid from Jasminanthes tuyetanhiae
Creators: name: Duong, Thi-Kim-Yen
name: Nguyen, Nhat-Nam
name: Nguyen, Ngoc-Tin
name: Tran, Huu-Duy
name: Nguyen, Kim-Phi-Phung
name: Nguyen, Thi-Hoai-Thu
name: Vo, Thi-Nga
name: Nguyen, Thi-Anh-Tuyet
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: A new pregnane steroid, jasminanthoside (1), together with three known compounds, telosmoside A7 (2), syringaresinol (3), and methyl 6–deoxy–3–O–methyl–β–D–allopyranosyl–(1→4)–β–D–oleandropyranoside (4) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of Jasminanthes tuyetanhiae roots collected in Vietnam. Their chemical structures were elucidated by NMR and MS spectroscopic data analysis along with the comparison of their data with the published ones in the literature. Although 4 was a known compound, its full NMR data were reported for the first time. All isolated compounds, evaluated for their α-glucosidase inhibition, showed activities stronger than the positive control acarbose. Among them, 1 was the best with the IC50 value of 7.41 ± 0.59 µM.
Joint Estimation and Control for Multi-Target Passive Monitoring with an Autonomous UAV Agent
Creators: name: Papaioannou, Savvas
name: Laoudias, Christos
name: Kolios, Panayiotis
name: Theocharides, Theocharis
name: Panayiotou, Christos G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work considers the problem of passively monitoring multiple moving targets with a single unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) agent equipped with a direction-finding radar. This is in general a challenging problem due to the unobservability of the target states, and the highly non-linear measurement process. In addition to these challenges, in this work we also consider: a) environments with multiple obstacles where the targets need to be tracked as they manoeuvre through the obstacles, and b) multiple false-alarm measurements caused by the cluttered environment. To address these challenges we first design a model predictive guidance controller which is used to plan hypothetical target trajectories over a rolling finite planning horizon. We then formulate a joint estimation and control problem where the trajectory of the UAV agent is optimized to achieve optimal multi-target monitoring.
Improved Kato's lemma on ordinary differential inequality and its application to semilinear wave equations
Creators: name: Takamura, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: primary 35L71, 34A40, 35E15, secondary 35A01, 35B44

description: We are interested in the upper bound of the lifespan of solutions of semilinear wave equations from above. For the sub-critical case in high dimensions, it has been believed that the basic tools of its analysis are Kato's lemma on ordinary differential inequalities and the rescaling argument in the functional method. But there is a small lack of delicate analysis and no published paper about this. Here we give a simple alternative proof by means of improved Kato's lemma without any rescaling argument.
description: 20 pages. In the second version, the assumption of Lemma 2.2 is improved. As a result, the restriction in low dimensions in Theorem 3.2 is removed. Finally, I have submitted the third version here which is accepted for publication in the journal, Nonlinear Analysis TMA. It has minor corrections and the proof of Theorem 4.1 is rewritten more clearly
Three new furanones from endophytic fungus Hypoxylon vinosopulvinatum DYR-1-7 from Cinnamomum cassia with their antifungal activity
Creators: name: Lv, Jia
name: Zhou, Hong
name: Dong, Limei
name: Wang, Hao
name: Yang, Li
name: Yu, Haiqian
name: Wu, Peixi
name: Zhou, Le
name: Yang, Quan
name: Liang, Yongqian
name: Luo, Bi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Hypoxylon vinosopulvinatum DYR-1-7 is a endophytic fungus isolated from the Cinnamomum cassia Presl and has an inhibitory effect on Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae. Three new furanones, hypoxylonone A-C (1-3), as well as three known compounds (4-6), were isolated from an EtOAc extract of H. vinosopulvinatum DYR-1-7. The structures were determined by spectroscopic data analysis using UV, IR, 1D-, 2D-NMR and HR-ESI-MS. The absolute configurations of 1-3 were elucidated by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analyses. In the antifungal bioassay, Hypoxylonone B and C exhibited strong inhibitory effects on L. pseudotheobromae with IC50 value at the concentration of 1.01 and 2.40 μg/mL, respectively. Compound 6 showed medium antifungal activity with IC50 value at the concentration of 10.67 μg/mL on Fusarium oxysporum. Compounds 3 and 4 displayed medium antifungul effects on Candida albicans.
PHIRI - WP6 - Use Case D Common Data Model
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Blazquez, Carmen
name: Tolonen, Hanna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: mental health
health care utilization
covid-19

description: Technical notes and documentation on the common data model of PHIRI Use Case D (WP6) measuring changes in mental health and health care utilization by mental health patients as an indirect effect of the COVID-19 pandemic The ZIP file includes: - A spreadsheet in EXCEL format with the data model specification for the use case - An HTML document with a description of Use Case D including the metadata of the data model - A JSON file in schema.org format including the metadata on the data model in a machine-readable format - A CSV file with a synthetic data set produced following the specifications of the use case data model for testing purposes !!!Attention: There is a typo in the naming of the files of the common data model within the ZIP file. This version corresponds to use case D common data model specification v.2.0.0.
Chemical constituents from the roots of Dolomiaea souliei
Creators: name: Wang, Zhe
name: Zhang, Li-Dan
name: Zhou, Gang-Gang
name: Zhong, Qi-Zheng
name: Jiang, Yun-Bin
name: Wang, Guo-Wei
name: Liao, Zhi-Hua
name: Meng, Fan-Cheng
name: Chen, Min
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A new benzofuran-type neolignan (1), two new phenylpropanoids (2 - 3), and one new C21 steroid (4) were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the roots of Dolomiaea souliei by chromatographic methods, including silica gel, ODS column chromatography, MPLC, and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified as dolosougenin A (1), (S)-3-isopropylpentyl (E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) acrylate (2), (S)-3-isopropylpentyl (Z)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl) acrylate (3) and dolosoucin A (4) through various spectroscopic techniques including 1D NMR, 2D NMR, IR, UV, HR ESI MS, ORD, and computational ORD methods.
Reduction of Norwalk Virus, Poliovirus 1, and Bacteriophage MS2 by Ozone Disinfection of Water
Creators: name: Sobsey, M. D.
name: Shin, G.-A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Norwalk virus and other human caliciviruses (noroviruses) are major agents of gastroenteritis, and water is a major route of their transmission. In an effort to control Norwalk virus in drinking water, Norwalk virus reduction by bench-scale ozone disinfection was determined using quantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR for virus assays. Two other enteric viruses, poliovirus 1 and coliphage MS2, were included for comparison, and their reductions were assayed by infectivity assays as well as by RT-PCR. Virus reductions by ozone were determined using a dose of 0.37 mg of ozone/liter at pH 7 and 5°C for up to 5 min. Based on two RT-PCR assays, the reductions of Norwalk virus were >3 log10 within a contact time of 10 s, and these were similar to the reductions of the other two viruses determined by the same assay methods. Also, the virus reductions detected by RT-PCR assays were similar to those detected by infectivity assays, indicating that the RT-PCR assay is a reliable surrogate assay for both culturable and nonculturable viruses disinfected with ozone. Overall, the results of this study indicate that Norwalk virus as well as other enteric viruses can be reduced rapidly and extensively by ozone disinfection and that RT-PCR is a useful surrogate assay for both culturable and nonculturable viruses disinfected with ozone.
Recoil momentum of an atom absorbing light in a gaseous medium and the Abraham-Minkowski debate
Creators: name: Condé, João G. L.
name: Saldanha, Pablo L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a fundamental question regarding the Abraham-Minkowski debate about the momentum of light in a medium: If an atom in a gas absorbs a photon, what is the momentum transferred to it? We consider a classical model for the internal degrees of freedom of the absorbing atom, computing the absorbed energy and momentum using the Lorentz force law due to the microscopic electromagnetic fields. Each non-absorbing atom from the gas is treated as a dielectric sphere, with the set of atoms forming a linear, dielectric, non-magnetic, and non-absorbing medium with a refractive index $n$ close to one. Our numerical results indicate that if the atoms are classically localized, the average absorbed momentum increases with $n$, but is smaller than Minkowski's momentum $np_0$, $p_0$ being the photon momentum in vacuum. However, experiments performed with Bose-Einstein condensates [Phys. Rev. Lett. $\mathbf{94}$, 170403 (2005)] are consistent with the atom absorbing Minkowski's momentum. We argue that there is no contradiction between these results since, in a Bose-Einstein condensate, the atoms are in a quantum state spatially superposed in a relatively large volume, forming a ``continuous'' medium. In this sense, the experimental verification of an atomic momentum recoil compatible with Minkowski's momentum would be a quantum signature of the medium state.
Numerical Prediction of cusps or kinks in the Nambu-Goto dynamics
Creators: name: Cervantes, Aldrin
name: García-Aspeitia, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that Nambu-Goto extended objects present some pathological structures, such as cusps and kinks, during their evolution. In this paper, we propose a model through the generalized Raychaudhuri equation [Rh] for membranes to determine if there are cusps and kinks in the world-sheet. We extend the generalized Rh equation for membranes to allow the study of the effect of higher order curvature terms in the action on the issue of cusps and kinks, using it as a tool for determining when a Nambu-Goto string generates cusps or kinks in its evolution. Furthermore, we present three examples where we test graphically this approach.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for Publication in Mod. Phys. Lett. A
Effects of Seeding Procedures and Water Quality on Recovery of Cryptosporidium Oocysts from Stream Water by Using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method 1623
Creators: name: Schaefer, F. W.
name: Simmons, O. D.
name: Granger, E. J.
name: Francy, D. S.
name: Sobsey, M. D.
name: Ware, M. W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency method 1623 is widely used to monitor source waters and drinking water supplies for Cryptosporidium oocysts. Matrix spikes, used to determine the effect of the environmental matrix on the method's recovery efficiency for the target organism, require the collection and analysis of two environmental samples, one for analysis of endemic oocysts and the other for analysis of recovery efficiency. A new product, ColorSeed, enables the analyst to determine recovery efficiency by using modified seeded oocysts that can be differentiated from endemic organisms in a single sample. Twenty-nine stream water samples and one untreated effluent sample from a cattle feedlot were collected in triplicate to compare modified seeding procedures to conventional seeding procedures that use viable, unmodified oocysts. Significant negative correlations were found between the average oocyst recovery and turbidity or suspended sediment; this was especially apparent in samples with turbidities greater than 100 nephelometric turbidity units and suspended sediment concentrations greater than 100 mg/liter. Cryptosporidium oocysts were found in 16.7% of the unseeded environmental samples, and concentrations, adjusted for recoveries, ranged from 4 to 80 oocysts per 10 liters. Determining recovery efficiency also provided data to calculate detection limits; these ranged from <2 to <215 oocysts per 10 liters. Recoveries of oocysts ranged from 2.0 to 61% for viable oocysts and from 3.0 to 59% for modified oocysts. The recoveries between the two seeding procedures were highly correlated (r = 0.802) and were not significantly different. Recoveries by using modified oocysts, therefore, were comparable to recoveries by using conventional seeding procedures.
Diurnal modulation signal from dissipative hidden sector dark matter
Creators: name: Foot, R.
name: Vagnozzi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a simple generic dissipative dark matter model: a hidden sector featuring two dark matter particles charged under an unbroken $U(1)'$ interaction. Previous work has shown that such a model has the potential to explain dark matter phenomena on both large and small scales. In this framework, the dark matter halo in spiral galaxies features nontrivial dynamics, with the halo energy loss due to dissipative interactions balanced by a heat source. Ordinary supernovae can potentially supply this heat provided kinetic mixing interaction exists with strength $ε\sim 10^{-9}$. This type of kinetically mixed dark matter can be probed in direct detection experiments. Importantly, this self-interacting dark matter can be captured within the Earth and shield a dark matter detector from the halo wind, giving rise to a diurnal modulation effect. We estimate the size of this effect for detectors located in the Southern hemisphere, and find that the modulation is large ($\gtrsim 10\%$) for a wide range of parameters.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, clarifying comments and references added
Polskie gabinety historii naturalnej w Essai sur l'histoire littéraire de Pologne Jean-Baptiste'a Dubois de Jancigny'ego (1769-1808)
Creators: name: Piotr Daszkiewicz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Natural history cabinets in the eighteenth century, Poland, Jean-Baptiste Dubois de Jancigny, natural history museography

description: Polish cabinets of natural history in Essai sur l'histoire littéraire de Pologne by Jean-Baptiste Dubois de Jancigny (1769-1808). The naturalist and lawyer, Jean-Baptiste Dubois de Jancigny, came to Poland in 1775. An intellectual of the Enlightenment, dealing with natural sciences, literature and politics, as well as publishing and educational activities. He quickly became one of the most important naturalists in the Polish king's entourage. In 1788, Dubois de Jancigny published in Berlin, under the pseudonym M. D., the book Essai sur l'Histoire littéraire de Pologne, a compilation of information from natural science works. The work has become one of the most important sources of information in Europe about the nature of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The last part discusses natural history cabinets. The article presents and analyzes information about Polish nature collections and recalls the circumstances of Dubois de Jancigny's stay in Warsaw.
Negative memory bias and the risk of emotional disorders under Covid-19 pandemic
Creators: name: El-Mir, Mohammed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical Psychology

description: This article aims to elucidate the correlations between negative memory bias and the risk of emotional disorders. It was established from previous studies that some emotional diroders such as depression and anxiety can be produced by cognitive bias, particularly negative memory bias, in which the person tends to encode, store and retrieve negative information and life memories. The activation of memory bias correlates with stress produced by a crisis like that under which we live nowdays. The changes in our everyday life caused by the Coronavirus pandemic are likely to generate stress that activates, in some people, negative memory bias which is a risk factor for their mental health. It was deduced from diverse data that memory bias weakens emotional regulation, and that engender an emotional distress that can yield the first symptoms of emotional disorders or their recurrence. It's found that negative memory bias constitutes a main cause of emotional disorders, given that the interaction between cognitive schemas and the stressful situation leads to a selective bias to encode, store and retrieve negative or threatening information, which creates a vicious circle that deteriorates the individual's ability to regulate his emotions.
Sulfide Ameliorates Metal Toxicity for Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Archaea
Creators: name: Boer, S.
name: Molyneaux, S. J.
name: Saito, M. A.
name: Teske, A.
name: Edgcomb, V. P.
name: Atkins, M. S.
name: Lloyd, K.
name: Wirsen, C. O.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: The chemical stress factors for microbial life at deep-sea hydrothermal vents include high concentrations of heavy metals and sulfide. Three hyperthermophilic vent archaea, the sulfur-reducing heterotrophs Thermococcus fumicolans and Pyrococcus strain GB-D and the chemolithoautotrophic methanogen Methanocaldococcus jannaschii, were tested for survival tolerance to heavy metals (Zn, Co, and Cu) and sulfide. The sulfide addition consistently ameliorated the high toxicity of free metal cations by the formation of dissolved metal-sulfide complexes as well as solid precipitates. Thus, chemical speciation of heavy metals with sulfide allows hydrothermal vent archaea to tolerate otherwise toxic metal concentrations in their natural environment.
Religion and the Secular State: Examining France’s History with Laïcité and Islam
Creators: name: McNeal, Jalyn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: At various points throughout France’s history, French political discourse and laws have been notably critical of Islam and Muslims, as evident by President Macron’s 2020 speech, “The Republic in action”. Based on studies and research I’ve conducted between the United States of America, France, and Morocco, this thesis explores why the French government holds such a critical view of Islam and Muslims. I hypothesize that five key factors are involved: France’s history with various organized religions, secularism, and laïcité; Islam as defined by the West; France’s colonial history in Algeria; French colonialism’s relation to current French demographics; and recent jihadist terrorism in France. To demonstrate how these factors correspond to the French government’s critical focus on Islam and Muslims, I’ll be examining the impact of France’s history with secularism, laïcité, Islam, and Muslims on the French government’s relationship with Islam and Muslims in 21st century France.
Dendrites as a biologically inspired approach to overcome catastrophic forgetting
Creators: name: Forest, Jeremy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Dendrites constitute a major unit element of biological neurons and more generally biological neural networks. Their multiple properties have mostly been ignored by the broader neuroscience and machine learning communities due to their lack of conceptual usefulness. So far, the theoretical framework of dendrites has been more or less that of summarizing the synaptic input activity to the soma. However recent experiments in biology, computational modeling and artificial intelligence (AI) have shown that they possess more interesting properties than simply that of linearly summation of weighted synaptic inputs ; driving a renewed interest in their properties and building a strong case for their usefullness. While point neurons have shown tremendous capabilities in deep neural networks, they fail spectaculary in some settings that could be argued are fundamental towards more capable AI, notably in the case of continual learning where there is ongoing memory formation, maintenance and retrieval. While some advances have been made toward the goal of developing algorithms more robust to catastrophic forgetting and able to perform impressive memory-related abilities, we still have a long way to go until we reach the potential of biological networks. There is still much unknown in dendrites' computational advantages and capabilities but dendritic-enabled unit models are emerging as a biologically-inspired alternative to typical point neuron better able to answer some of those challenging tasks. I will present some of the biological details as well as subtelties of dendrites computation in the brain; then reflect on how they can and are being translated to dit into continual learning research and applications. More precisely reflect on how dendrites have been shown to gate and direct the flow of information in neurons, integrate information over multiple timescales and lead to the emergence of sparse subnetworks.
Isoryanodane diterpene derivatives from Barringtonia macrocarpa
Creators: name: Huong, Pham Thi Mai
name: Cham, Pham Thi
name: Vien, Le Thi
name: Hanh, Tran Thi Hong
name: Nguyen The Cuong
name: Luong, Dang Vu
name: Quang, Tran Hong
name: Cuong, Nguyen Xuan
name: Nam, Nguyen Hoai
name: Van Minh, Chau
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: From the MeOH residue of Barringtonia macrocarpa branches and leaves, one new isoryanodane diterpene, barringisol (1), and two new isoryanodane diterpene glucosides, barringisosides A and B (2 and 3), were obtained using various chromatographic isolations. The structural characterization was confirmed by spectroscopic methods including 1D, 2D NMR and HR-ESI-QTOF-MS. This is the first isolation of isoryanodane diterpene derivatives from Barringtonia species. Moreover, the in vitro cytotoxicity of 1−3 on three human cancer cell lines (HepG2, LNCaP and MCF7) was also accessed using SRB assays.
Alternative ansatz to wounded nucleon and binary collision scaling in high-energy nuclear collisions
Creators: name: Moreland, J. Scott
name: Bernhard, Jonah E.
name: Bass, Steffen A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce TRENTO, a new parametric initial condition model for high-energy nuclear collisions based on eikonal entropy deposition via a "reduced thickness" function. The model simultaneously describes experimental proton-proton, proton-nucleus, and nucleus-nucleus multiplicity distributions, and generates nucleus-nucleus eccentricity harmonics consistent with experimental flow constraints. In addition, the model is compatible with ultra-central uranium-uranium data unlike existing models that include binary collision terms.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. This version has a new title, significant revisions to the introduction and conclusion, and new figures 1-3. The presented model is available at https://github.com/Duke-QCD/trento
Use of Transposon-Transposase Complexes To Create Stable Insertion Mutant Strains of Francisella tularensis LVS
Creators: name: Hall, J. D.
name: Kawula, T. H.
name: Craven, R. R.
name: Fuller, J. R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Francisella tularensis is a highly virulent zoonotic bacterial pathogen capable of infecting numerous different mammalian species, including humans. Elucidation of the pathogenic mechanisms of F. tularensis has been hampered by a lack of tools to genetically manipulate this organism. Herein we describe the use of transposome complexes to create insertion mutations in the chromosome of the F. tularensis live vaccine strain (LVS). A Tn5-derived transposon encoding kanamycin resistance and lacking a transposase gene was complexed with transposase enzyme and transformed directly into F. tularensis LVS by electroporation. An insertion frequency of 2.6 × 10−8 ± 0.87 × 10−8 per cell was consistently achieved using this method. There are 178 described Tn5 consensus target sites distributed throughout the F. tularensis genome. Twenty-two of 26 transposon insertions analyzed were within known or predicted open reading frames, but none of these insertions was associated with the Tn5 target site. Analysis of the insertions of sequentially passed strains indicated that the transposons were maintained stably at the initial insertion site after more than 270 generations. Therefore, transformation by electroporation of Tn5-based transposon-transposase complexes provided an efficient mechanism for generating random, stable chromosomal insertion mutations in F. tularensis.
An emerging and enigmatic spectral class of isolated DAe white dwarfs
Creators: name: Elms, Abbigail K.
name: Tremblay, Pier-Emmanuel
name: Gänsicke, Boris T.
name: Swan, Andrew
name: Melis, Carl
name: Bédard, Antoine
name: Manser, Christopher J.
name: Munday, James
name: Hermes, J. J.
name: Dennihy, Erik
name: Nitta, Atsuko
name: Zuckerman, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two recently discovered white dwarfs, WDJ041246.84$+$754942.26 and WDJ165335.21$-$100116.33, exhibit H$α$ and H$β$ Balmer line emission similar to stars in the emerging DAHe class, yet intriguingly have not been found to have detectable magnetic fields. These white dwarfs are assigned the spectral type DAe. We present detailed follow-up of the two known DAe stars using new time-domain spectroscopic observations and analysis of the latest photometric time-series data from TESS and ZTF. We measure the upper magnetic field strength limit of both stars as $B < 0.05$ MG. The DAe white dwarfs exhibit photometric and spectroscopic variability, where in the case of WDJ041246.84$+$754942.26 the strength of the H$α$ and H$β$ emission cores varies in anti-phase with its photometric variability over the spin period, which is the same phase relationship seen in DAHe stars. The DAe white dwarfs closely cluster in one region of the Gaia Hertzsprung-Russell diagram together with the DAHe stars. We discuss current theories on non-magnetic and magnetic mechanisms which could explain the characteristics observed in DAe white dwarfs, but additional data are required to unambiguously determine the origin of these stars.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures. Published by MNRAS
Electronic transport properties of (fluorinated) metal phthalocyanine
Creators: name: Fadlallah, M. M.
name: Eckern, U.
name: Romero, A. H.
name: Schwingenschlögl, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic and transport properties of the metal phthalocyanine (MPc) and F$_{16}$MPc (M = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Ag) families of molecules in contact with S-Au wires are investigated by density functional theory within the local density approximation, including local electronic correlations on the central metal atom. The magnetic moments are found to be considerably modified under fluorination. In addition, they do not depend exclusively on the configuration of the outer electronic shell of the central metal atom (as in isolated MPc and F$_{16}$MPc) but also on the interaction with the leads. Good agreement between the calculated conductance and experimental results is obtained. For M = Ag, a high spin filter efficiency and conductance is observed, giving rise to a potentially high sensitivity for chemical sensor applications.
description: 8 pages (two-column), 8 figures
Community Composition of a Hypersaline Endoevaporitic Microbial Mat
Creators: name: Teske, A. P.
name: Oren, A.
name: Sorensen, K. B.
name: Canfield, D. E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: A hypersaline, endoevaporitic microbial community in Eilat, Israel, was studied by microscopy and by PCR amplification of genes for 16S rRNA from different layers. In terms of biomass, the oxygenic layers of the community were dominated by Cyanobacteria of the Halothece, Spirulina, and Phormidium types, but cell counts (based on 4′,6′-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining) and molecular surveys (clone libraries of PCR-amplified genes for 16S rRNA) showed that oxygenic phototrophs were outnumbered by the other constituents of the community, including chemotrophs and anoxygenic phototrophs. Bacterial clone libraries were dominated by phylotypes affiliated with the Bacteroidetes group and both photo- and chemotrophic groups of α-proteobacteria. Green filaments related to the Chloroflexi were less abundant than reported from hypersaline microbial mats growing at lower salinities and were only detected in the deepest part of the anoxygenic phototrophic zone. Also detected were nonphototrophic γ- and δ-proteobacteria, Planctomycetes, the TM6 group, Firmicutes, and Spirochetes. Several of the phylotypes showed a distinct vertical distribution in the crust, suggesting specific adaptations to the presence or absence of oxygen and light. Archaea were less abundant than Bacteria, their diversity was lower, and the community was less stratified. Detected archaeal groups included organisms affiliated with the Methanosarcinales, the Halobacteriales, and uncultured groups of Euryarchaeota.
Continuous-Flow Capillary Assay for Measuring Bacterial Chemotaxis
Creators: name: Law, A. M. J.
name: Aitken, M. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Bacterial chemotaxis may have a significant impact on the structure and function of bacterial communities. Quantification of chemotactic motion is necessary to identify chemoeffectors and to determine the bacterial transport parameters used in predictive models of chemotaxis. When the chemotactic bacteria consume the chemoeffector, the chemoeffector gradient to which the bacteria respond may be significantly perturbed by the consumption. Therefore, consumption of the chemoeffector can confound chemotaxis measurements if it is not accounted for. Current methods of quantifying chemotaxis use bacterial concentrations that are too high to preclude chemoeffector consumption or involve ill-defined conditions that make quantifying chemotaxis difficult. We developed a method of quantifying bacterial chemotaxis at low cell concentrations (∼105 CFU/ml), so metabolism of the chemoeffector is minimized. The method facilitates quantification of bacterial-transport parameters by providing well-defined boundary conditions and can be used with volatile and semivolatile chemoeffectors.
Summary report 2020-23 (public).pdf
Creators: name: McNicol, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 441011
subject: Sociology of health

description: Project eARTh is a community arts for health project operating in the High Peak area of the UK and organised by High Peak Community Arts. It has now been running for over 13 years. This report summarises the evaluation findings from June 2020 to May 2023. Further information about the project is available at https://www.highpeakarts.org/project-earth-2/.
Development and Evaluation of a Broadly Reactive TaqMan Assay for Rapid Detection of Hepatitis A Virus
Creators: name: Robertson, B. H.
name: Sobsey, M. D.
name: Jothikumar, N.
name: Cromeans, T. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Primers and a TaqMan probe for the 5′-untranslated region (UTR) of the hepatitis A virus (HAV) genome were designed and evaluated. The assay detected 0.5 infectious units of HAV and 40 copies of a synthetic transcript and provides an important screening tool for rapid quantitative HAV detection in clinical or environmental samples.
Phytochemical, ethnomedicinal uses and pharmacological profile of Juncus decipiens (Buchenau) Nakai (common rush)
Creators: name: Ullah, Sana
name: Amen, Yhiya
name: Shimizu, Kuniyoshi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Plant Biology

description: Juncus decipiens is a member of the Juncaceae family and has culinary, medicinal, and decorative properties. It is also used in traditional Chinese Medicines for many years that promotes diuresis for strangury and clears out heart fire. This species has recently gained medicinal attention as a source of phenanthrenes, phenolic compounds, glycerides, flavonoids, and cycloartane triterpenes. This plant was also shown to be active, and researchers explored its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antialgal, antibacterial, and psychological behaviour-boosting properties. Preliminary research suggests that this species might be used for skin protection and brain disorders if proper clinical trials are conducted. The ethnomedicinal, phytochemistry, biological potencies, dangers, and scopes of Juncus decipiens have been examined in this respect.