cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Footprint Characteristics Revised for Field-Scale Soil Moisture Monitoring with Cosmic-Ray Neutrons
Creators: name: Köhli, M.
name: Schrön, M.
name: Zreda, M.
name: Schmidt, U.
name: Dietrich, P.
name: Zacharias, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic-ray neutron probes are widely used to monitor environmental water content near the surface. The method averages over tens of hectares and is unrivaled in serving representative data for agriculture and hydrological models at the hectometer scale. Recent experiments, however, indicate that the sensor response to environmental heterogeneity is not fully understood. Knowledge of the support volume is a prerequisite for the proper interpretation and validation of hydrogeophysical data. In a previous study, several physical simplifications have been introduced into a neutron transport model in order to derive the characteristics of the cosmic-ray probe's footprint. We utilize a refined source and energy spectrum for cosmic-ray neutrons and simulate their response to a variety of environmental conditions. Results indicate that the method is particularly sensitive to soil moisture in the first tens of meters around the probe, whereas the radial weights are changing dynamically with ambient water. The footprint radius ranges from 130 to 240 m depending on air humidity, soil moisture and vegetation. The moisture-dependent penetration depth of 15 to 83 cm decreases exponentially with distance to the sensor. However, the footprint circle remains almost isotropic in complex terrain with nearby rivers, roads or hill slopes. Our findings suggest that a dynamically weighted average of point measurements is essential for accurate calibration and validation. The new insights will have important impact on signal interpretation, sensor installation, data interpolation from mobile surveys, and the choice of appropriate resolutions for data assimilation into hydrological models.
description: 57 pages, 10 figures. An edited version of this paper was published by AGU
Hierarchical Structure in the Trace Formula
Creators: name: Keating, Jonathan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Guztwiller's Trace Formula is central to the semiclassical theory of quantum energy levels and spectral statistics in classically chaotic systems. Motivated by recent developments in Random Matrix Theory and Number Theory, we elucidate a hierarchical structure in the way periodic orbits contribute to the Trace Formula that has implications for the value distribution of spectral determinants in quantum chaotic systems.
description: Submitted to a collection of papers celebrating Michael Berry's 80th birthday. 10 pages, 1 figure
Individual ion species chemical potentials in the Mean Spherical Approximation
Creators: name: Høye, Johan S.
name: Gillespie, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Mean Spherical Approximation (MSA) is a commonly-used thermodynamic theory for computing the energetics of ions in the primitive model (i.e., charged hard-sphere ions in a background dielectric). For the excess chemical potential, however, the early MSA formulations (which were widely adopted) only included the terms needed to compute the mean excess chemical potential (or the mean activity coefficient). Other terms for the chemical potential $μ_i$ of individual species $i$ were not included because they sum to $0$ in the mean chemical potential. Here, we derive these terms to give a complete MSA formulation of the chemical potential. The result is a simple additive term for $μ_i$ that we show is a qualitative improvement over the previous MSA version. In addition, our derivation shows that the MSA's assumption of global charge neutrality is not strictly necessary, so that the MSA is also valid for systems close to neutrality.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures The following article has been submitted to The Journal of Chemical Physics. After it is published, it will be found at https://aip.scitation.org/journal/jcp
Prospect of detecting TeV halos with LHAASO: in the framework of the anisotropic diffusion model
Creators: name: Yan, Kai
name: Liu, Ruo-Yu
name: Chen, S. Z.
name: Wang, Xiang-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The particle diffusion coefficients of three TeV pulsar halos observed so far are inferred to be significantly smaller than the typical value of the interstellar medium (ISM). The anisotropic diffusion model ascribes the slow diffusion to the cross-field diffusion assuming sub-Alfv{é}nic turbulence in the ISM around the pulsar if the viewing angle between the observer's line-of-sight (LOS) to the pulsar and the local mean field direction is small. In general, the TeV halo's morphology under this model highly depends on the viewing angle, and an elongated, asymmetric morphology is predicted if the LOS is not approximately aligned with the local mean field direction. While the specific requirement of a small viewing angle is supposedly established only for a small fraction of TeV halos, TeV halos with apparent asymmetric morphology has not been detected. In this paper we will study the expectation of TeV halos measured by the TeV-PeV gamma-ray detector LHAASO in the framework of anisotropic diffusion model, with a particular focus on the influence of the viewing angle on the detectability. We show that a TeV halo is more detectable with a smaller viewing angle and this selection effect may explain why the morphologies of all three detected TeV halos so far are consistent being spherical. We also demonstrate that LHAASO is capable of detecting asymmetric TeV halos after several-year operation with reasonable source parameters. This can serve as a critical test of the anisotropic diffusion model.
description: 11 pages, 6 figure; submitted to ApJ
The Emergence of Superconducting Systems in Anti-de Sitter Space
Creators: name: Wu, W. M.
name: Pierpoint, M. P.
name: Forrester, D. M.
name: Kusmartsev, F. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we investigate the mathematical relationship between a (3+1) dimensional gravity model inside Anti-de Sitter space $\rm AdS_4$, and a (2+1) dimensional superconducting system on the asymptotically flat boundary of $\rm AdS_4$ (in the absence of gravity). We consider a simple case of the Type II superconducting model (in terms of Ginzburg-Landau theory) with an external perpendicular magnetic field ${\bf H}$. An interaction potential $V(r,ψ) = α(T)|ψ|^2/r^2+χ|ψ|^2/L^2+β|ψ|^4/(2 r^k )$ is introduced within the Lagrangian system. This provides more flexibility within the model, when the superconducting system is close to the transition temperature $T_c$. Overall, our result demonstrates that the two Ginzburg-Landau differential equations can be directly deduced from Einstein's theory of general relativity.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Deuteration of c-C$_3$H$_2$ towards the pre-stellar core L1544
Creators: name: Giers, K.
name: Spezzano, S.
name: Alves, F.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Redaelli, E.
name: Sipilä, O.
name: Khalifa, M. Ben
name: Wiesenfeld, L.
name: Brünken, S.
name: Bizzocchi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: In the centre of pre-stellar cores, the deuterium fractionation is enhanced due to the cold temperatures and high densities. Therefore, the chemistry of deuterated molecules can be used to probe the evolution and the kinematics in the earliest stages of star formation. Aims: We analyse emission maps of cyclopropenylidene, c-C$_3$H$_2$, to study the distribution of the deuteration throughout the prototypical pre-stellar core L1544. Methods: We use single-dish observations of c-C$_3$H$_2$, c-H$^{13}$CC$_2$H, c-C$_3$HD, and c-C$_3$D$_2$ towards the pre-stellar core L1544, performed at the IRAM 30m telescope. We derive the column density and deuterium fraction maps, and compare these observations with non-LTE radiative transfer simulations. Results: The highest deuterium fractions are found close to the dust peak at the centre of L1544, where the increased abundance of H$_2$D$^+$ ions drives the deuteration process. The peak values are N(c-C$_3$HD)/N(c-C$_3$H$_2)=0.17\pm0.01$, N(c-C$_3$D$_2$)/N(c-C$_3$H$_2)=0.025\pm0.003$ and N(c-C$_3$D$_2$)/N(c-C$_3$HD$)=0.16\pm0.03$, which is consistent with previous single point observations. The distributions of c-C$_3$HD and c-C$_3$D$_2$ indicate that the deuterated forms of c-C$_3$H$_2$ in fact trace the dust peak and not the c-C$_3$H$_2$ peak. Conclusions: The N(c-C$_3$D$_2$)/N(c-C$_3$HD) map confirms that the process of deuteration is more efficient towards the centre of the core and demonstrates that carbon-chain molecules are still present at high densities. This is likely caused by an increased abundance of He$^+$ ions destroying CO, which increases the amount of carbon atoms in the gas phase.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Die Verwandlung der Weltgeschichtsschreibung.
Creators: name: Middell, Matthias
Publisher: name: Leipziger Universitätsverlag
Year: 2010

description: Recent Transformations in the Fields of Research on Global History and of World History Writing: A Story from the Beginning of the 21st Century These introductory remarks focus besides the presentation of the articles in the thematic issue on two phenomena. World History got over the recent two decades again a prominent place within historiography and it is more and more characterized by a transnational practice in doing research, publication, and academic teaching. Back in 2000 when reviewing the previous decade it has been argued that global history turned into a field driven by archival studies different places and based on a division of labour inevitable in a highly specialized research landscape. An increasing number of workshops, a more and more sophisticated methodological debate, and the emergence of academic journals are among the indicators for a process of professionalisation. Insofar, this period was distinguished from a time when general histories and grand narratives had been written often by just one author synthesizing secondary literature dominating the field. Recently large syntheses are back on the book market, although some of them different in style and empirical foundation. Therefore, the relationship between the revival of the demand and the production of such master pieces and the ongoing development of global history as a field with emphasis on empirical research merits attention. A second point in case is the multilevel organizational pattern, namely the simultaneity of national audiences, local traditions of history writing and continental as well as global networks of scholars.
description: Comparativ, Vol 20 No 6 (2010): Die Verwandlung der Weltgeschichtsschreibung
Prevalence and factors associated with burnout syndrome among Thai medical students in a tertiary hospital
Creators: name: Amnuayporn  Apiraksakorn
name: Premisa  Trongtorkarn
name: Phisek  Yimyaem
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: Background: Burnout, a syndrome conceptualised as a state of fatigue, emotional and physical exhaustion, feeling unwilling to work, or having a negative attitude towards work is resulting in reduced work efficiency. Burnout could lead to work ineffectively, poor daily life quality, resignation, and suicidal ideation in medical students. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with burnout among medical students in a tertiary hospital.
 Summary of work: A descriptive cross-sectional survey study was performed among medical students in 2021 at Khon Kaen Hospital, Thailand. The online self-administered questionnaires including demographic data, health data, and Maslach burnout inventory were collected. The data were analysed by using multiple logistic regression to determine the factors associated with burnout.
 Summary of results: A total of 151 (54%) medical students answered the questionnaires, including 87 (58%) female, 80 (53%) preclinical, and 71 (47%) clinical year medical students. The total prevalence of burnout was 17%, comprising 19% and 14% in preclinical and clinical year medical students respectively. A total of 15 factors: sex, year of study, having a boy/girlfriend, having a consultant, a place of living, hobby time, social media use, exercise time, comorbidities, grade point average, physical health, mental, social, and environmental status were analysed by using multiple logistic regression analysis. Factors associated with burnout included year of study (aOR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.06-0.99), exercise time (aOR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.51-0.96), and poor mental health status (aOR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.03-0.55).
 Discussion and conclusion: The prevalence of burnout among Thai medical students in the tertiary hospital was 17% which was relatively lower than the prevalences in other countries of 25-75%. Factors associated with burnout including preclinical year, inappropriate exercise time, and students with poor mental health status were statistically significant. These findings were supported with literature reviews in many countries.
 Take-home messages: Burnout among medical students is still prevalent. To early detect burnout syndrome and promptly intervene to prevent bad outcomes are challenging, especially in the high risk group with associated factors. 
To Accept or Reject? Hindu and Muslim Children’s Views of Religious, Moral, and Conventional Norms
Creators: name: Srinivasan, Mahesh
name: Dahl, Audun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: Faced with myriad societal norms, children must decide which norms to accept and which to reject. These decisions hold consequences for how norms change over time. Decisions about norms are particularly salient for religious children in pluralistic societies, who encounter norms both from their own as well as from other religious and non-religious communities. Although children follow norms and disapprove of their violation from early in life, this should not be taken to mean that children approve of the norms themselves: a person can disapprove of a norm that they follow and enforce upon others. The present study examined religious children’s views about the authorship, utility, changeability, and changeworthiness of norms. Ninety-seven Hindu and Muslim 9- to 14-year-olds (46 female and 51 male) in India were interviewed about familiar religious, moral, and conventional norms. As predicted, children’s views about whether a norm should be changed (its changeworthiness) were predicted by how good they perceived the norm to be (its utility). Also as hypothesized, children’s views about who, if anyone, could change a norm (its changeability) was predicted by their views about who made the norm (its authorship). Children distinguished between norms based on their perceived authorship, utility, changeability, and changeworthiness. Age and religious differences also emerged. Together, these findings elucidate how children come to accept or reject norms, which ultimately affects how norms persist, change, or disappear over time.
A multiwavelength study of the W33 Main ultracompact HII region
Creators: name: Khan, Sarwar
name: Pandian, Jagadheep D.
name: Lal, Dharam V.
name: Rugel, Michael R.
name: Brunthaler, Andreas
name: Menten, Karl M.
name: Wyrowski, F.
name: Medina, S-N. X.
name: Dzib, S. A.
name: Nguyen, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of ionized gas around the W33 Main ultracompact HII region is studied using observations of hydrogen radio recombination lines and a detailed multiwavelength characterization of the massive star-forming region W33 Main is performed. We used the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope (GMRT) to observe the H167$α$ recombination line at 1.4 GHz at an angular resolution of 10 arcsec, and Karl. G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) data acquired in the GLOSTAR survey to study the dynamics of ionized gas. We also observed the radio continuum at 1.4 GHz and 610 MHz with the GMRT and used GLOSTAR 4$-$8 GHz continuum data to characterize the nature of the radio emission. In addition, archival data from submillimeter to near-infrared wavelengths were used to study the dust emission and identify YSOs in the W33 Main star-forming region. The radio recombination lines were detected at good signal to noise in the GLOSTAR data, while the H167$α$ radio recombination line was marginally detected with the GMRT. The spectral index of radio emission in the region determined from GMRT and GLOSTAR shows the emission to be thermal in the entire region. Along with W33 Main, an arc-shaped diffuse continuum source, G12.81$-$0.22, was detected with the GMRT data. The GLOSTAR recombination line data reveal a velocity gradient across W33 Main and G12.81$-$0.22. The electron temperature is found to be 6343 K and 4843 K in W33 Main and G12.81$-$0.22, respectively. The physical properties of the W33 Main molecular clump were derived by modeling the dust emission using data from the ATLASGAL and Hi-GAL surveys and they are consistent with the region being a relatively evolved site of massive star formation. The gas dynamics and physical properties of G12.81$-$0.22 are consistent with the HII region being in an evolved phase and its expansion on account of the pressure difference is slowing down.
Scattering anisotropy in HgTe (013) quantum well
Creators: name: Khudaiberdiev, D. A.
name: Savchenko, M. L.
name: Kozlov, D. A.
name: Mikhailov, N. N.
name: Kvon, Z. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a detailed experimental study of the electron transport anisotropy in HgTe (013) quantum well of 22 nm width in the directions $[100]$ and $[03\bar{1}]$ as the function of the electron density $n$. The anisotropy is absent at minimal electron density near the charge neutrality point. The anisotropy increases with the increase of n and reaches about 10% when the Fermi level is within the first subband H1. There is a sharp increase of the anisotropy (up to 60%) when the Fermi level reaches the second subband E2. We conclude that the first effect is due to the small intra-subband anisotropic interface roughness scattering, and the second one is due to the strongly anisotropic inter-subband roughness scattering, but the microscopical reason of such a strong change in the anisotropy remains unknown.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, published in Applied Physics Letters
Comparison of combined suprascapular and axillary nerve pulsed radiofrequency and nerve block for the treatment of primary frozen shoulder: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Wu, Yue
name: Huang, Jiangyou
name: Zhang, Weibo
name: Tian, Suming
name: Chen, Gang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: To compare the effects of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) and block of the suprascapular nerve (SSN) and axillary nerve (AN) in patients with primary frozen shoulder (FS). Patients with primary FS received PRF (Group P) or block (Group B). Shoulder pain during rest, activity and sleep was measured by a numerical rating scale (NRS), the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) was used to assess shoulder function and disability, and the passive range of motion (PROM) of the shoulder joint was measured by a digital inclinometer. Assessments were made at baseline and 2 weeks and 1, 3, and 6 months after the procedure. Of the 74 patients, 63 were eventually included, and a total of 3 patients were lost to follow-up. Finally, 60 patients (30 in each group) completed the final analysis. There was a significant improvement in all outcome measures from baseline to 6 months after the procedure. Compared with those in group B, the NRS scores during activity and sleep in group P decreased more at 6 months after the procedure (p = 0.005 and 0.028). SPADI total scores were lower at 3 and 6 months after the procedure (p = 0.021 and 0.001). At different time after the procedure, most of the parameters of PROM improved more in group P than those in group B (flexion at 3 and 6 months, p = 0.042 and <0.001; abduction at 3 and 6 monthse, p = 0.001 and 0.001; extension at 3 and 6 months, p = 0.038 and 0.007, internal rotation at 6 months, p = 0.015; external rotation at 1, 3, and 6 months, p = 0.002, 0.002, and 0.001, respectively). In patients with primary FS who completed both manipulation under anesthesia and intra-articular injections, PRF with SSN and AN appears to provide better pain relief, better PROM recovery, and more shoulder function improvement than nerve block treatment. Pulsed radiofrequency and blocking of the suprascapular nerve and axillary nerve have become new treatment options for primary frozen shoulder. This study showed that pulsed radiofrequency delivery via the suprascapular nerve and axillary nerve appears to provide better pain relief, better PROM recovery, and more shoulder function improvement than nerve block treatment.
Milky Way archaeology using RR Lyrae and type II Cepheids II. High velocity RR Lyrae stars, and mass of the Milky Way
Creators: name: Prudil, Z.
name: Koch-Hansen, A. J
name: Lemasle, B.
name: Grebel, E. K.
name: Marchetti, T.
name: Hansen, C. J.
name: Crestani, J.
name: Braga, V. F.
name: Bono, G.
name: Chaboyer, B.
name: Fabrizio, M.
name: Dall'Ora, M.
name: Martínez-Vázquez, C. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of high velocity candidates among RR~Lyrae stars found in the Milky Way halo. We identified 9 RR~Lyrae stars with Galactocentric velocities exceeding the local escape velocity based on the assumed Galaxy potential. Based on close examination of their orbits', we ruled out their ejection location in the Milky Way disk and bulge. The spatial distribution revealed that seven out of 9 pulsators overlap with the position of the Sagittarius stellar stream. Two out of these seven RR~Lyrae stars can be tentatively linked to the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy on the basis of their orbits. Focusing on the high-velocity tail of the RR~Lyrae velocity distribution we estimate the escape velocity in the Solar neighborhood to be $v_{\rm esc}=512^{+94}_{-37}$\,km\,s$^{-1}$~($4$ to $12$\,kpc), and beyond the Solar neighborhood as $v_{\rm esc}=436^{+44}_{-22}$\,km\,s$^{-1}$~and $v_{\rm esc}=393^{+53}_{-26}$\,km\,s$^{-1}$~(for distances between $12$ to $20$\,kpc and $20$ to $28$\,kpc), respectively. We utilized three escape velocity estimates together with the local circular velocity to estimate the Milky Way mass. The resulting measurement $M_{\rm 200}=0.83^{+0.29}_{-0.16} \cdot 10^{12}$\,M$_{\odot}$ falls on the lower end of the current Milky Way mass estimates, but once corrected for the likely bias in the escape velocity (approximately $10$ percent increase of the escape velocity), our mass estimate yields $M_{\rm 200}=1.26^{+0.40}_{-0.22} \cdot 10^{12}$\,M$_{\odot}$, which is in agreement with estimates based on different diagnostics of the Milky Way mass. The MW mass within $20$\,kpc then corresponds to $M_{\rm MW} \left(r < 20\,\text{kpc} \right)=1.9^{+0.2}_{-0.1} \times 10^{11}$\,M$_{\odot}$ without correction for bias, and $M_{\rm MW} \left(r < 20\,\text{kpc} \right)=2.1^{+0.2}_{-0.1} \times 10^{11}$\,M$_{\odot}$ corrected for a likely offset in escape velocities.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Complementarity of PALM and SOFI for super-resolution live cell imaging of focal adhesions
Creators: name: Deschout, Hendrik
name: Lukes, Tomas
name: Sharipov, Azat
name: Szlag, Daniel
name: Feletti, Lely
name: Vandenberg, Wim
name: Dedecker, Peter
name: Hofkens, Johan
name: Leutenegger, Marcel
name: Lasser, Theo
name: Radenovic, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Live cell imaging of focal adhesions requires a sufficiently high temporal resolution, which remains a challenging task for super-resolution microscopy. We have addressed this important issue by combining photo-activated localization microscopy (PALM) with super-resolution optical fluctuation imaging (SOFI). Using simulations and fixed cell focal adhesion images, we investigated the complementarity between PALM and SOFI in terms of spatial and temporal resolution. This PALM-SOFI framework was used to image focal adhesions in living cells, while obtaining a temporal resolution below 10 s. We visualized the dynamics of focal adhesions, and revealed local mean velocities around 190 nm per minute. The complementarity of PALM and SOFI was assessed in detail with a methodology that integrates a quantitative resolution and signal-to-noise metric. This PALM and SOFI concept provides an enlarged quantitative imaging framework, allowing unprecedented functional exploration of focal adhesions through the estimation of molecular parameters such as the fluorophore density and the photo-activation and photo-switching rates.
In-depth direct imaging and spectroscopic characterization of the young Solar System analog HD 95086
Creators: name: Desgrange, C.
name: Chauvin, G.
name: Christiaens, V.
name: Cantalloube, F.
name: Lefranc, L. -X.
name: Coroller, H. Le
name: Rubini, P.
name: Otten, G. P. P. L.
name: Beust, H.
name: Bonavita, M.
name: Delorme, P.
name: Devinat, M.
name: Gratton, R.
name: Lagrange, A. -M.
name: Langlois, M.
name: Mesa, D.
name: Milli, J.
name: Szulágyi, J.
name: Nowak, M.
name: Rodet, L.
name: Rojo, P.
name: Petrus, S.
name: Janson, M.
name: Henning, T.
name: Kral, Q.
name: van Holstein, R. G.
name: Ménard, F.
name: Beuzit, J. -L.
name: Biller, B.
name: Boccaletti, A.
name: Bonnefoy, M.
name: Brown, S.
name: Costille, A.
name: Delboulbe, A.
name: Desidera, S.
name: D'Orazi, V.
name: Feldt, M.
name: Fusco, T.
name: Galicher, R.
name: Hagelberg, J.
name: Lazzoni, C.
name: Ligi, R.
name: Maire, A. -L.
name: Messina, S.
name: Meyer, M.
name: Potier, A.
name: Ramos, J.
name: Rouan, D.
name: Schmidt, T.
name: Vigan, A.
name: Zurlo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. HD 95086 is a young nearby Solar System analog hosting a giant exoplanet orbiting at 57 au from the star between an inner and outer debris belt. The existence of additional planets has been suggested as the mechanism that maintains the broad cavity between the two belts. Aims. We present a dedicated monitoring of HD 95086 with the VLT/SPHERE instrument to refine the orbital and atmospheric properties of HD 95086 b, and to search for additional planets in this system. Methods. SPHERE observations, spread over ten epochs from 2015 to 2019 and including five new datasets, were used. Combined with archival observations, from VLT/NaCo (2012-2013) and Gemini/GPI (2013-2016), the extended set of astrometric measurements allowed us to refine the orbital properties of HD 95086 b. We also investigated the spectral properties and the presence of a circumplanetary disk around HD 95086 b by using the special fitting tool exploring the diversity of several atmospheric models. In addition, we improved our detection limits in order to search for a putative planet c via the K-Stacker algorithm. Results. We extracted for the first time the JH low-resolution spectrum of HD 95086 b by stacking the six best epochs, and confirm its very red spectral energy distribution. Combined with additional datasets from GPI and NaCo, our analysis indicates that this very red color can be explained by the presence of a circumplanetary disk around planet b, with a range of high-temperature solutions (1400-1600 K) and significant extinction (Av > 10 mag), or by a super-solar metallicity atmosphere with lower temperatures (800-1300 K), and small to medium amount of extinction (Av < 10 mag). We do not find any robust candidates for planet c, but give updated constraints on its potential mass and location.
description: 29 pages, 20 figures, A&A, accepted
D3.8. Report on the technical, legal and ethical profiles related to the interoperability of first response
Creators: name: Ramón y Cajal Ramo, Pedro
name: Ortiz Payán, Rocío
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: EIF
Organizational relationships
Legal
FAIR
Semantic
Syntactic

description: The main objective of this deliverable is to study, compare and develop the technical, legal and ethical issues related to the interoperability of first responders and other relevant actors in emergency situations. A variety of studies and trials on the subject as well as existing public and private initiatives have been analysed. The developments are currently most clearly seen in the eHealth sector, but we believe that many of the principles and steps followed can be applicable to emergency situations. To the challenges and opportunities found in all of them, we have added our own suggestions, which will be further developed and refined as the project progresses and lessons are learned. In order for the study to be realistic and applicable, it is of great importance to closely monitor the results of the Use Cases as well as the other research tasks, as valuable facts will emerge and the solution will be based on experience. Always with the aim of providing an innovative solution that is aware of reality, takes advantage of existing technologies and complies with EU regulations on the subject. This document constitutes the updated version of the D3.2 and D3.7. The new content with respect them has been highlighted in yellow for easy review and identification.
ALMA imaging of the cold molecular and dusty disk in the type 2 active nucleus of the Circinus galaxy
Creators: name: Tristram, Konrad R. W.
name: Impellizzeri, C. M. Violette
name: Zhang, Zhi-Yu
name: Villard, Eric
name: Henkel, Christian
name: Viti, Serena
name: Burtscher, Leonard
name: Combes, Françoise
name: García-Burillo, Santiago
name: Martín, Sergio
name: Meisenheimer, Klaus
name: van der Werf, Paul P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim to shed light on the physical properties and kinematics of the molecular material in the nucleus of one of the closest type 2 active galaxies. To this end, we obtained high angular resolution ALMA observations of the nucleus of the Circinus galaxy. The observations map the emission at 350GHz and 690GHz with spatial resolutions of ~3.8pc and ~2.2pc, respectively. The continuum emission traces cold ($T\lesssim100$K) dust in a circumnuclear disk with spiral arms on scales of 25pc, plus a marginally resolved nuclear emission peak. The latter is not extended in polar direction as claimed based on earlier ALMA observations. A significant amount (of the order of 40%) of the 350GHz emission is not related to dust, but most likely free-free emission instead. We detect CO(3-2) and CO(6-5) as well as HCO$^+$(4-3), HCN(4-3), and CS(4-3). The CO emission is extended, showing a spiral pattern, similar to the extended dust emission. Towards the nucleus, CO is excited to higher transitions and its emission is self-absorbed, leading to an apparent hole in the CO(3-2) but not the CO(6-5) emission. On the other hand, the high gas density tracers HCO$^+$, HCN, and CS show a strong, yet unresolved (($\lesssim4$pc) concentration of the emission at the nucleus, pointing at a very small 'torus'. The kinematics are dominated by rotation and point at a geometrically thin disk down to the resolution limit of our observations. In contrast to several other AGNs, no HCN enhancement is found towards the nucleus. The Circinus nucleus is therefore composed of at least two distinct components: (1) an optically thin, warm outflow of ionised gas containing clouds of dust; and (2) a cold molecular and dusty disk. These findings support the most recent radiative transfer calculations of the obscuring structures in AGNs, which find a similar two-component structure. (Abridged)
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Slow quenching of star formation in OMEGAWINGS clusters: galaxies in transition in the local universe
Creators: name: Paccagnella, Angela
name: Vulcani, Benedetta
name: Poggianti, Bianca Maria
name: Moretti, Alessia
name: Fritz, Jacopo
name: Gullieuszik, Marco
name: Couch, Warrick
name: Bettoni, Daniela
name: Cava, Antonio
name: Fasano, Giovanni
name: D'Onofrio, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The star formation quenching depends on environment, but a full understanding of what mechanisms drive it is still missing. Exploiting a sample of galaxies with masses $M_\ast>10^{9.8}M_\odot$, drawn from the WIde-field Nearby Galaxy-cluster Survey (WINGS) and its recent extension OMEGAWINGS, we investigate the star formation rate (SFR) as a function of stellar mass (M$_*$) in galaxy clusters at $0.04
description: ApJ Letter accepted
Wielding Intermittency with Cycle Expansions
Creators: name: Cao, Huanyu
name: Gao, Ang
name: Zheng, Haotian
name: Lan, Yueheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As periodic orbit theory works badly on computing the observable averages of dynamical systems with intermittency, we propose a scheme to cooperate with cycle expansion and perturbation theory so that we can deal with intermittent systems and compute the averages more precisely. Periodic orbit theory assumes that the shortest unstable periodic orbits build the framework of the system and provides cycles expansion to compute dynamical quantities based on them, while the perturbation theory can locally analyze the structure of dynamical systems. The dynamical averages may be obtained more precisely by combining the two techniques together. Based on the integrability near the marginal orbits and the hyperbolicity in the part away from the singularities in intermittent systems, the chief idea of this paper is to revise intermittent maps and maintain the natural measure produced by the original maps. We get the natural measure near the singularity through the Taylor expansions and periodic orbit theory captures the natural measure in the other parts of the phase space. We try this method on 1-dimensional intermittent maps with single singularity, and more precise results are achieved.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
Variational inequalities for the spectral fractional Laplacian
Creators: name: Musina, Roberta
name: Nazarov, Alexander I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R11, 49J40

description: In this paper we study the obstacle problems for the Navier (spectral) fractional Laplacian $\left(-Δ_Ω\right)^{\!s}$ of order $s\in(0,1)$, in a bounded domain $Ω\subset\mathbb R^n$.
description: 20 pages
Binding of the immunomodulatory drug Bz-423 to mitochondrial FoF1-ATP synthase in living cells by FRET acceptor photobleaching
Creators: name: Starke, Ilka
name: Johnson, Kathryn M.
name: Petersen, Jan
name: Graber, Peter
name: Opipari,, Anthony W.
name: Glick, Gary D.
name: Börsch, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Bz-423 is a promising new drug for treatment of autoimmune diseases. This small molecule binds to subunit OSCP of the mitochondrial enzyme FoF1-ATP synthase and modulates its catalytic activities. We investigate the binding of Bz-423 to mitochondria in living cells and how subunit rotation in FoF1-ATP synthase, i.e. the mechanochemical mechanism of this enzyme, is affected by Bz-423. Therefore, the enzyme was marked selectively by genetic fusion with the fluorescent protein EGFP to the C terminus of subunit gamma. Imaging the threedimensional arrangement of mitochondria in living yeast cells was possible at superresolution using structured illumination microscopy, SIM. We measured uptake and binding of a Cy5-labeled Bz-423 derivative to mitochondrial FoF1-ATP synthase in living yeast cells using FRET acceptor photobleaching microscopy. Our data confirmed the binding of Cy5-labeled Bz-423 to the top of the F1 domain of the enzyme in mitochondria of living Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Hormonal control of adult rat spermatogenesis
Creators: name: Meachem., Sarah Jayne
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Nonlinear normal modes, modal interactions and isolated resonance curves
Creators: name: Kuether, Robert J.
name: Renson, Ludovic
name: Detroux, Thibaut
name: Grappasonni, Chiara
name: Kerschen, Gaetan
name: Allen, Matthew S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The objective of the present study is to explore the connection between the nonlinear normal modes of an undamped and unforced nonlinear system and the isolated resonance curves that may appear in the damped response of the forced system. To this end, an energy balancing technique is used to predict the amplitude of the harmonic forcing that is necessary to excite a specific nonlinear normal mode. A cantilever beam with a nonlinear spring at its tip serves to illustrate the developments. The practical implications of isolated resonance curves are also discussed by computing the beam response to sine sweep excitations of increasing amplitudes.
description: Journal paper
Strain-driven valley states and phase transitions in Janus VSiGeN4 monolayer
Creators: name: Liu, Pengyu
name: Liu, Siyuan
name: Jia, Minglei
name: Yin, Huabing
name: Zhang, Guangbiao
name: Ren, Fengzhu
name: Wang, Bing
name: Liu, Chang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between topology and valley degree of freedom has attracted much interest because it can realize new phenomena and applications. Here, based on first-principles calculations, we demonstrate intrinsically valley-polarized quantum anomalous Hall effect in monolayer ferrovalley material: Janus VSiGeN4, of which the edge states are chiral-spin-valley locking. Besides, a small tensile or compressive strain can drive phase transition in the material from valley-polarized quantum anomalous Hall state to half-valley-metal state. With the increase of the strain, the material turns into ferrovalley semiconductor with valley anomalous Hall effect. The origin of phase transition is sequent band inversion of V d orbital at K valley. Moreover, we find that phase transition causes the sign reversal of Berry curvature and induces different polarized light absorption in different valley states. Our work provides an ideal material platform for practical applications and experimental exploration of the interplay between topology, spintronics, and valleytronics.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Impact drag force exerting on a projectile penetrating into a hierarchical granular bed
Creators: name: Okubo, F.
name: Katsuragi, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Impact of a solid object onto a small-body surface can be modeled by the solid impact onto a hierarchically structured granular target. Impact drag force model for the hierarchically structured granular target is developed based on the experiment. We perform a set of granular impact experiments in which mechanical strength and porosity of target grains are systematically varied. Tiny glass beads ($5$~$μ$m in diameter) are agglomerated to form porous grains of $2$--$4$~mm in diameter. Then, the grains are sintered to control their strength. A polyethylene sphere ($12.7$~mm in diameter) is dropped onto a hierarchical granular target consisting of these porous grains. Motion of the penetrating sphere is captured by a high-speed camera and analyzed. We find that impact drag force produced by the hierarchically structured granular target can be modeled by the sum of inertial drag and depth-proportional drag. The depth-proportional drag in hierarchical granular impact is much greater than that of the usual granular target consisting of rigid grains. The ratio between grain strength and impact dynamic pressure is a key dimensionless parameter to characterize this extraordinary large depth-proportional drag. Grain fracturing plays an important role in the impact dynamics when the impact dynamic pressure is sufficiently larger than the grain strength. This implies that the effect of grain fracturing should be considered also for the impact on a small body. Perhaps, effective strength of the surface grains can be estimated based on the kinematic observation of the intrusion or touchdown of the planetary explorator.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
First Constraining Upper Limits on Gravitational Wave Emission from NS 1987A in SNR 1987A
Creators: name: Owen, Benjamin J.
name: Lindblom, Lee
name: Pinheiro, Luciano Soares
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a search for continuous gravitational waves (GWs) from NS 1987A, the neutron star born in SN 1987A. The search covered a frequency band of 75-275 Hz, included a wide range of spin-down parameters for the first time, and coherently integrated 12.8 days of data below 125 Hz and 8.7 days of data above 125 Hz from the second Advanced LIGO observing run. We found no astrophysical signal. We set upper limits on GW emission as tight as an intrinsic strain of $2\times10^{-25}$ at 90\% confidence. The large spin-down parameter space makes this search the first astrophysically consistent one for continuous GWs from NS 1987A. Our upper limits are the first consistent ones to beat an analog of the spin-down limit based on the age of the neutron star, and hence are the first GW observations to put new constraints on NS 1987A.
Hadron Structure and Spectrum from the Lattice
Creators: name: Lang, C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice calculations for hadrons are now entering the domain of resonances and scattering, necessitating a better understanding of the observed discrete energy spectrum. This is a reviewing survey about recent lattice QCD results, with some emphasis on spectrum and scattering.
description: Invited talk at the XVI International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy September 13-18, 2015, Newport News
Modeling the sea-surface $p$CO$_2$ of the central Bay of Bengal region using machine learning algorithms
Creators: name: Joshi, A. P
name: Kumar, V.
name: Warrior, H. V
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present study explores the capabilities of advanced machine learning algorithms in predicting the sea-surface $p$CO$_2$ in the open oceans of the Bay of Bengal (BoB). We collect the available observations (outside EEZ) from the cruise tracks and the mooring stations. Due to the paucity of data in the BoB, we attempt to predict $p$CO$_2$ based on the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and the Sea Surface Salinity (SSS). Comparing the MLR, the ANN, and the XGBoost algorithm against a common dataset reveals that the XGBoost performs the best for predicting the sea-surface $p$CO$_2$ in the BoB. Using the satellite-derived SST and SSS, we predict the sea-surface $p$CO$_2$ using the XGBoost model and compare the same with the in-situ observations from RAMA buoy. The model performs satisfactorily, having a correlation of 0.75 and the RMSE of $\pm$ 12.23 $μ$atm. Further using this model, we emulate the monthly variations in the sea-surface $p$CO$_2$ for the central BoB between 2010-2019. Using the satellite data, we show that the central BoB is warming at a rate of 0.0175 per year, whereas the SSS decreases with a rate of -0.0088 per year. The modeled $p$CO$_2$ shows a declination at a rate of -0.4852 $μ$atm per year. We perform sensitivity experiments to find that the variations in SST and SSS contribute $\approx$ 41$\%$ and $\approx$ 37$\%$ to the declining trends of the $p$CO$_2$ for the last decade. Seasonal analysis shows that the pre-monsoon season has the highest rate of decrease of the sea-surface $p$CO$_2$.
Conservation of Total Wave Action in the Expanding Solar Wind
Creators: name: Huang, Zesen
name: Shi, Chen
name: Velli, Marco
name: Sioulas, Nikos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conservation of wave action in moving plasmas has been well-known for over half a century. However, wave action is not conserved when multiple wave modes propagate and coexist close to degeneration condition (Sound speed equals Alfvén speed, i.e. plasma $β\sim 1$). Here we show that the violation of conservation is due to wave mode conversion, and that the total wave action summed over interacting modes is still conserved. Though the result is general, we focus on MHD waves and identify three distinctive mode conversion mechanisms, i.e. degeneracy, linear mode conversion, and resonance, and provide an intuitive physical picture for the mode conversion processes. We use 1D MHD simulations with the Expanding Box Model to simulate the nonlinear evolution of monochromatic MHD waves in the expanding solar wind. Simulation results validate the theory; total wave action therefore remains an interesting diagnostic for studies of waves and turbulence in the solar wind.
description: Accepted by ApJ