cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gamma-rays from cascades in close massive binaries containing energetic pulsars
Creators: name: Sierpowska, A.
name: Bednarek, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some massive binaries should contain energetic pulsars which inject relativistic leptons from their inner magnetospheres and/or pulsar wind regions. If the binary system is compact enough, then these leptons can initiate inverse Compton (IC) $e^\pm$ pair cascades in the anisotropic radiation field of a massive star. $γ$-rays can be produced in the IC cascade during its development in a pulsar wind region and above a shock in a massive star wind region where the propagation of leptons is determined by the structure of a magnetic field around the massive star. For a binary system with specific parametres, we calculate phase dependent spectra and fluxes of $γ$-rays escaping as a function of the inclination angle of the system and for different assumptions on injection conditions of the primary leptons (their initial spectra and location of the shock inside the binary). We conclude that the features of $γ$-ray emission from such massive binaries containing energetic pulsars should allow to obtain important information on the acceleration of particles by the pulsars, and on interactions of a compact object with the massive star wind. Predicted $γ$-ray light curves and spectra in the GeV and TeV energy ranges from such binary systems within our Galaxy and Magellanic Clouds should be observed by future AGILE and GLAST satellites and low threshold Cherenkov telescopes such as MAGIC, HESS, VERITAS or CANGAROO III.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures, MNRAS, accepted
title: Wein und Werk : Artist in Residence Kamptal
Creators: name: Veziroglu, Ekin
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Kamptal Artist in Residence

description: In der Nähe von Langenlois, dem Mittelpunkt einer sehr alten, vom Weinanbau geprägten Kulturlandschaft, etabliert das Projekt 'Wein und Werk - Artist in Residence' eine spannungsgeladene Kombination aus Weingut und KünstlerInnenatelier. In einem der auch international erfolgreichsten Weinbaugebiete Niederösterreichs wird eine Weinproduktion errichtet, die die Natur nutzt und sich zugleich nachhaltig in die Natur einfügt, wobei in Fragen der Produktqualität, Energiebilanz und Baubiologie modernste Kriterien zur Anwendung kommen. Eine flexibel teilbare Studiohalle gibt Kunstschaffenden, die aus der ganzen Welt eingeladen werden, Raum, um für ihr Werk Inspiration aus der spezifischen Konstellation Natur-Weinbau-Kunst zu schöpfen und die Anziehungskraft des Kulturprodukts Wein für ihre Präsentationen zu nutzen. Im Sommer öffnet sich die Studiohalle einem breiteren Benutzerkreis als Sommerakademie.
description: On an estate near Langenlois, the heart of an old cultural landscape shaped by the traditions of winegrowing, the project 'Wein und Werk - Artist in Residence' will suspensefully combine a vineyard with an artists` studio. Situated in one of Lower Austrias most blooming and internationally successful wine-growing regions, a wine producing facility will be established to benefit from the riches of nature as well as to become symbiotically embedded into nature, applying the most advanced criteria of production quality, energy balance and building biology. An elongated, ample hall, highly customizable for hosting artists studios, will give artists in residence, invited from all over the world, the proper facilities to draw inspiration from this specific synergy of nature, wine-growing, and art, and to benefit from the power of attraction exerted by wine as a cultural product. During summer, the artists' studio will open up to a larger group of users, turning into a summer academy.
Diederich-Fornaess and Steinness indices for abstract CR manifolds
Creators: name: Adachi, Masanori
name: Yum, Jihun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose the concept of Diederich--Fornæss and Steinness indices on compact pseudoconvex CR manifolds of hypersurface type in terms of the D'Angelo 1-form. When the CR manifold bounds a domain in a complex manifold, under certain additional non-degeneracy condition, those indices are shown to coincide with the original Diederich--Fornæss and Steinness indices of the domain, and CR invariance of the original indices follows.
Mirror matter-type dark matter
Creators: name: Foot, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are six main things which any non-baryonic dark matter theory should endeavour to explain: (1) The basic dark matter particle properties [mass, stability, darkness]; (2) The similarity in cosmic abundance between ordinary and non-baryonic dark matter, $Ω_B \sim Ω_{dark}$; (3) Large scale structure formation; (4) Microlensing (MACHO) events; (5) Asymptotically flat rotation curves in spiral galaxies; (6) The impressive DAMA/NaI annual modulation signal. Only mirror matter-type dark matter is capable of explaining all six of these desirable features. The purpose of this article is to provide an up-to-date and pedagogical review of this dark matter candidate.
description: about 30 pages
On String Junctions in Supersymmetric Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Imamura, Yosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study junctions consisting of confining strings in N=1 supersymmetric large N gauge theories by means of the gauge/gravity correspondence. We realize these junctions as D-brane configurations in infrared geometries of the Klebanov-Strassler (KS) and the Maldacena-Nunez (MN) solutions. After discussing kinematics associated with the balance of tensions, we compute the energies of baryon vertices numerically. In the KS background, baryon vertices give negative contributions to the energies. The results for the MN background strongly suggest that the energies of baryon vertices exactly vanish, as in the case of supersymmetric (p,q)-string junctions. We find that brane configurations in the MN background have a property similar to the holomorphy of the M-theory realization of (p,q)-string junctions. With the help of this property, we analytically prove the vanishing of the energies of baryon vertices in the MN background.
description: 33 pages, 16 figures, LaTeX2e; references added, typos corrected
Determination of psi(2S) Total Number by Inclusive Hadronic Decay
Creators: name: Mo, X. H.
name: Zhu, Y. S.
name: Yuan, C. Z.
name: Fu, C. D.
name: Li, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the basis of the study of inclusive hadronic events, two methods are adopted to determine the number of produced psi(2S) events collected by BES in 2001-2002 run, which is 14 Million with the uncertainty of 4%.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 3 of Validation of a food frequency questionnaire as a tool for assessing dietary intake in cardiovascular disease research and surveillance in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Mumu, Shirin Jahan
name: Merom, Dafna
name: Liaquat Ali
name: Fahey, Paul P.
name: Israt Hossain
name: A. K. M. Fazlur Rahman
name: Allman-Farinelli, Margaret
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional File 3. Table A2. Correlation coefficient of energy and nutrients between FFQ and three days of 24-h dietary recall among men and women.
Gravitino production from reheating in split supersymmetry
Creators: name: Allahverdi, Rouzbeh
name: Jokinen, Asko
name: Mazumdar, Anupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss gravitino production from reheating in models where the splitting between particle and sparticle masses can be larger than TeV, as naturally arising in the context of split supersymmetry. We show that such a production typically dominates over thermal contributions arising from the interactions of gauginos, squarks and sleptons. We constrain the supersymmetry breaking scale of the relevant sector for a given reheat temperature. However the situation changes when the gravitinos dominate the Universe and decay before nucleosynthesis. We briefly describe prospects for a successful baryogenesis and a viable neutralino dark matter in this case.
description: 5 pages, RevTeX4, typos corrected, references added
T Dwarfs and the Substellar Mass Function. I. Monte Carlo Simulations
Creators: name: Burgasser, Adam J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monte Carlo simulations of the field substellar mass function (MF) are presented. Starting from various representations of the MF below 0.1 M$_{\sun}$ and the stellar birth rate, luminosity functions (LFs) and T$_{eff}$ distributions are produced for comparison with observed samples. These distributions exhibit distinct minima in the mid-type L dwarf regime followed by a rise in number density for fainter/cooler brown dwarfs, predicting many more T-type and cooler brown dwarfs in the field even for relatively shallow mass functions. Deuterium-burning brown dwarfs dominate field objects with 400 $\leq$ T$_{eff}$ $\leq$ 2000 K, while non-fusing brown dwarfs make up a substantial proportion of field dwarfs with T$_{eff}$ $\leq$ 500 K. The shape of the substellar LF is fairly consistent for various assumptions of the Galactic birth rate, choice of evolutionary model, and adopted age and mass ranges, particularly for field T dwarfs, which as a population provide the best constraints for the field substellar MF. Exceptions include a depletion of objects with 1200 $\leq$ T$_{eff}$ $\leq$ 2000 K in ``halo'' systems. Unresolved multiple systems tend to enhance features in the observed LF and may contribute significantly to the space density of very cool brown dwarfs. However, these effects are small ($
description: 36 pages, 22 figures, accepted for ApJS 1 September 2004 issue
Homotopy algebras inspired by classical open-closed string field theory
Creators: name: Kajiura, Hiroshige
name: Stasheff, Jim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 18G55, 81T18, 81T30

description: We define a homotopy algebra associated to classical open-closed strings. We call it an open-closed homotopy algebra (OCHA). It is inspired by Zwiebach's open-closed string field theory and also is related to the situation of Kontsevich's deformation quantization. We show that it is actually a homotopy invariant notion; for instance, the minimal model theorem holds. Also, we show that our open-closed homotopy algebra gives us a general scheme for deformation of open string structures (A(infinity)-algebras) by closed strings (L(infinity)-algebras).
description: 30 pages, 14 figures; v2: added an appendix by M.Markl, ambiguous terminology fixed, minor corrections; v3: published version
HQET vertex diagram: $\varepsilon$ expansion
Creators: name: Grozin, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Differential equations for the one-loop HQET vertex diagram with arbitrary self-energy insertions and arbitrary residual energies are reduced to the $\varepsilon$ form and used to obtain the $\varepsilon$ expansion in terms of Goncharov polylogarithms.
description: 7 pages; v2: ref [13] added, 2 typos fixed; v3: 1 ref added, 1 typo fixed; v4: 2 refs added
Enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose : cellulase enzyme adsorption and recycle
Creators: name: Tu, Maobing
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Producing ethanol from the bioconversion of lignocellulosic substrates is one of the most promising technologies to decrease fossil fuel utilization. However, the current economics of the bioconversion process prohibit its commercialization due to the high cost of cellulase enzymes. One potential means to decrease enzyme costs is to recycle enzymes during the bioconversion process. The initial work focused on comparing the distribution of cellulases among the solid and liquid phases after a typical enzymatic hydrolysis of Avicel and an organosolv pretreated Douglas fir substrate. It was shown that 50% of the applied cellulases desorbed into the liquid phase after the hydrolysis of an ethanol pretreated D. fir substrate compared to 76% in the case of Avicel. By exploiting the natural affinity of cellulases for cellulosic substrates, the free enzymes were recovered via readsorption onto fresh substrates. Using this approach, 85% of the free enzymes could be recovered, compared to an 82% recovery predicted by the Langmuir isotherm model. A novel recycling strategy for recovering both the free and bound enzymes was developed where Tween 80 was added at the beginning of the hydrolysis, followed by the addition of fresh substrate to recover free enzymes after hydrolysis. The cellulases from T. reesei ( Hypocrea jecorina ) could be recycled for four consecutive rounds of hydrolysis of an ethanol pretreated (EPLP) substrate with the addition of 0.2% Tween 80, compared to one round with a steam exploded (SELP) substrate, presumably due to the higher lignin content of the SELP substrate. Comparing isolated lignin preparations from SELP and EPLP, it was shown that CEL-SELP lignin exhibited a greater capacity to bind cellulases than CEL-EPLP lignin. A reduction in the adsorption of cellulases to lignin was achieved by the addition of Tween 80. The recycling of β-glucosidase was achieved by immobilization on an inert carrier, Eupergit C. The immobilized β-glucosidase exhibited improved operational stability and an increase in the apparent K[sub m] and V[sub max]. Overall, the results demonstrated that enzyme recycling using a combination of surfactants, readsorption onto substrates and enzyme immobilization could potentially decrease enzyme costs in the hydrolysis of softwoods during the bioconversion process.
Additional file 2 of Validation of a food frequency questionnaire as a tool for assessing dietary intake in cardiovascular disease research and surveillance in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Mumu, Shirin Jahan
name: Merom, Dafna
name: Liaquat Ali
name: Fahey, Paul P.
name: Israt Hossain
name: A. K. M. Fazlur Rahman
name: Allman-Farinelli, Margaret
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional File 2. Table A1. Characteristics of the study subjects according to rural and urban.
Cold, dry, windy, and UV irradiated -- surveying Mars relevant conditions in Ojos del Salado Volcano (Andes Mountains, Chile)
Creators: name: Kereszturi, Á.
name: Aszalós, J.
name: Heiling, Zs.
name: Kapui, Zs.
name: Király, Cs.
name: Leél-Össy, Sz.
name: Nagy, B.
name: Nemerkényi, Zs.
name: Pál, B.
name: Skultéti, Á.
name: Szalai, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Special Collection of papers in this issue of Astrobiology provide an overview of the characteristics and potential for future exploration of the Ojos del Salado volcano, located in the Andes Mountains in front of the Atacama Desert in northern Chile. The main benefits of this site compared with others are the combination of strong UV radiation, the presence of permafrost, and geothermal activity within a dry terrain. The interaction between limited snow events and wind results in snow patches buried under a dry soil surface. This leads to ephemeral water streams that only flow duringdaytime hours. On this volcano, which has the highest located subsurface temperature monitoring systems reported to date, seasonal melting of the permafrost is followed by fast percolation events. This is due to the high porosity of these soils. The results are landforms that shaped by the strong winds. At this site, both thermal springs and lakes (the latter arising from melting ice) provide habitats for life; a 6480m high lake heated by volcanic activity shows both warm and cold sediments that contain a number of different microbial species, including psychrophiles. Where the permafrost melts, thawing ponds have formed at 5900m that is dominated by populations of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria, while in the pond sediments and the permafrost itself Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Patescibacteria, Proteobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia are abundant. In turn, fumaroles show the presence of acidophilic iron-oxidizers and iron-reducing species. In spite of the extreme conditions reported at Ojos del Salado, this site is easily accessible.
description: Accepted in Astrobiology Special Issue 2020. 04. 10
Unusually weak irradiation effects in anisotropic iron-based superconductor RbCa2Fe4As4F2
Creators: name: Torsello, Daniele
name: Piatti, Erik
name: Fracasso, Michela
name: Gerbaldo, Roberto
name: Gozzelino, Laura
name: Yi, Xiaolei
name: Xing, Xiangzhuo
name: Shi, Zhixiang
name: Daghero, Dario
name: Ghigo, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the effects of 3.5 MeV proton irradiation in RbCa$_2$Fe$_4$As$_4$F$_2$, an iron-based superconductor with unusual properties in between those of the pnictides and of the cuprate high-temperature superconductors. We studied how structural disorder introduced by ion bombardment affects the critical temperature, superfluid density and gap values by combining a coplanar waveguide resonator technique, electric transport measurements and point-contact Andreev-reflection spectroscopy. We find an unusually weak dependence of the superconducting properties on the amount of disorder in this material when compared to other iron-based superconductors under comparable irradiation conditions. The nodal multigap state exhibited by pristine RbCa$_2$Fe$_4$As$_4$F$_2$ is also robust against proton irradiation, with a two-band $d-d$ model being the one that best fits the experimental data.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Open Semiclassical Strings and Long Defect Operators in AdS/dCFT Correspondence
Creators: name: Susaki, Yoshiaki
name: Takayama, Yastoshi
name: Yoshida, Kentaroh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider defect composite operators in a defect superconformal field theory obtained by inserting an AdS_4 x S^2-brane in the AdS_5 x S^5 background. The one-loop dilatation operator for the scalar sector is represented by an integrable open spin chain. We give a description to construct coherent states for the open spin chain. Then, by evaluating the expectation value of the Hamiltonian with the coherent states in a long operator limit, a Landau-Lifshitz type of sigma model action is obtained. This action is also derived from the string action and hence we find a complete agreement in both SYM and string sides. We see that an SO(3)_H pulsating string solution is included in the action and its energy completely agrees with the result calculated in a different method. In addition, we argue that our procedure would be applicable to other AdS-brane cases.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure, LaTeX, minor corrections and references added. v3) some new results added. shortened and accepted version in PRD
A New Approach to the Synthesis of Conjugated Polymer: Nanocrystal Composites for Heterojunction Optoelectronics
Creators: name: Watt, Andrew
name: Thomsen, Elizabeth
name: Meredith, Paul
name: Rubinsztein-Dunlop, Halina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a simple one pot process for the preparation of lead sulphide (PbS) nanocrystals in the conjugated polymer MEH-PPV, and we demonstrate electronic coupling between the two components.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, accepted Chem. Commm
Cannibalism hinders growth: Cannibal Dark Matter and the $S_8$ tension
Creators: name: Heimersheim, Stefan
name: Schöneberg, Nils
name: Hooper, Deanna C.
name: Lesgourgues, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many models of dark matter have been proposed in attempt to ease the $S_8$ tension between weak lensing and CMB experiments. One such exciting possibility is cannibalistic dark matter (CanDM), which has exothermal number-changing interactions allowing it to stay warm far into its non-relativistic regime. Here we investigate the cosmological implications of CanDM and how it impacts CMB anisotropies and the matter power spectrum, by implementing the model within a linear Einstein-Boltzmann solver. We show that CanDM suppresses the small scale matter power spectrum in a way very similar to light Warm Dark Matter or Hot Dark Matter. However, unlike in those models, the suppression may happen while the CanDM model still remains compatible with CMB constraints. We put strong constraints on the interaction strength of CanDM as a function of its abundance for both constant and temperature-dependent thermally-averaged cross sections. We find that the CanDM model can easily solve the $S_8$ tension (but has no impact on the Hubble tension). Indeed, it can accommodate values of $S_8$ of the order of 0.76 while being compatible with CMB+BAO data. However, as long as the $S_8$ tension remains moderate, the overall $χ^2$ improvement is relatively small given the number of extra free parameters, and the CanDM model is not significantly preferred.
description: 28 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables. Comments are welcome (we don't bite)
AC Loss in Striped (Filamentary) YBCO Coated Conductors Leading to Designs for High Frequencies and Field-Sweep Amplitudes
Creators: name: Sumption, M. D.
name: Barnes, P. N.
name: Collings, E. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AC losses of YBCO coated conductors are investigated by calculation and experiment for the higher frequency regime. Previous research using YBCO film deposited onto single crystal substrates demonstrated the effectiveness of filamentary subdivision as a technique for AC loss reduction. As a result of these studies the idea of subdividing YBCO coated conductors (both YBCO, overlayer, and even underlayer) into such stripes suggested itself. The suggestion was implemented by burning grooves into samples of coated conductor using laser micromachining. Various machining parameters were investigated, and the striping and slicing characteristics are presented. Loss measurements were performed on unstriped as well as striped samples by the pick-up coil technique at frequencies of from 50-200 Hz at field sweep amplitudes of up to 150 mT. The effect of soft ferromagnetic Fe shielding was also investigated. The results of the experiments form a starting point for a more general study of reduced loss coated conductor design (including hysteretic, coupling, normal eddy current, and transport losses) projected into higher ranges of frequency and field sweep amplitude with transformer and all cryogenic motor/generator applications in mind.
description: 38 pages, 4 tables, 9 figs
Additional file 1 of Validation of a food frequency questionnaire as a tool for assessing dietary intake in cardiovascular disease research and surveillance in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Mumu, Shirin Jahan
name: Merom, Dafna
name: Liaquat Ali
name: Fahey, Paul P.
name: Israt Hossain
name: A. K. M. Fazlur Rahman
name: Allman-Farinelli, Margaret
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional File 1. List of food items
Irreversibility Field and Flux Pinning in MgB2 with and Without SiC Additions
Creators: name: Sumption, M. D.
name: Bhatia, M.
name: Collings, E. W.
name: Rhindfliesh, M.
name: Tomsic, M.
name: Hascicek, Y.
name: Dou, S. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Critical current density was measured at 4.2 K for MgB2 strands with and without SiC additions. In some cases measurements were performed on longer (1 m) samples wound on barrels, and these were compared to magnetic measurements. Most measurements were performed on short samples at higher fields (up to 18 T). It was found that in-situ processed strands with 10% SiC additions HT at 700-800C show improved Hr and Fp values as compared to control samples, with Hr increasing by 1.5 T. At 900C even larger improvements are seen, with Hr reaching 18 T and Fp values maximizing at 20 GN/m3.
description: 15 pages, 1 table, six figs
Schwarzschild Metric with Planck Length
Creators: name: Good, Michael R. R.
name: Linder, Eric V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a modified Schwarzschild solution for a model of evaporation of a black hole with information preservation. By drawing a direct analogy to the quantum pure accelerating mirror (dynamical Casimir effect of a 1D horizon), we derive a Schwarzschild metric with not only the usual Schwarzschild radius but an additional length scale related to the Planck length. The black hole has thermal particle production that leads to complete evaporation of the black hole, resulting in non-divergent entanglement entropy, Page curve turn-over, and an asymptotic quantum pure state with no information loss.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Nonlinear stiffness allows passive dynamic hopping for one-legged robots with an upright trunk
Creators: name: Ossadnik, Dennis
name: Jensen, Elisabeth
name: Haddadin, Sami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Template models are frequently used to simplify the control dynamics for robot hopping or running. Passive limit cycles can emerge for such systems and be exploited for energy-efficient control. A grand challenge in locomotion is trunk stabilization when the hip is offset from the center of mass (CoM). The swing phase plays a major role in this process due to the moment of inertia of the leg; however, many template models ignore the leg mass. In this work, the authors consider a robot hopper model (RHM) with a rigid trunk and leg plus a hip that is displaced from the CoM. It has been previously shown that no passive limit cycle exists for such a model given a linear hip spring. In this work, we show that passive limit cycles can be found when a nonlinear hip spring is used instead. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first time that a passive limit cycle has been found for this type of system.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Temperature response and acclimation of Coastal Douglas-fir fine root respiration in the laboratory and field
Creators: name: Abbey, Tyler
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The temperature response of Coastal Douglas-fir fine root respiration (RFR) was investigated with a laboratory based experiment and during field studies. In the laboratory, a reciprocal transplant experiment was carried out to assess the temperature response of biomass-specific RFR. Seedlings were moved from either 16 to 24°C or 24 to 16°C, to test for warm and cold acclimation, respectively. Following transfer, there was an elevation in RFR of all treatments. Neither this ’transfer effect’, nor the subsequent results provided evidence of an acclimation response. Over the 2004 and 2005 growing seasons, RFR was characterized at three stands that differ in age (55-y-old: Mature, 17-y-old: Young and 5-y-old: New). The results were interpreted for evidence of acclimation. Rates of RFR were low in spring 2004, however during that summer there was a significant and unexpected elevation in rate, at all sites. In 2005, rates began higher than the previous spring, indicating a possible ’carry-over effect’ from 2004. The seasonal increase in RFR observed in 2004 was not repeated in 2005. The New stand was the only site to show a pattern consistent with acclimation, although these results may have arisen due to summer drought or a decline in substrate availability. Sensitivity (i.e. Q₁₀) of RFR appeared to change with overall capacity in 2004, increasing from ~1.3 to 2.4 at all sites. In 2005, Q₁₀ values changed little over the growing season; however, there were greater site differences in this year. RFR in summer 2004 was much higher than most other published results for conifers. Given that there were no apparent methodological artifacts, it is suggested that because 2004 was such a hot and dry year, an endogenous stress reaction occurred in the trees and led to this result. With standing fine root biomass in May 2004 and a hypothetical mortality scenario, the measured rates of RFR were scaled to area to facilitate their comparison to ecosystem respiration (ER). The resulting model indicates that RFR may play an important role in maintaining levels of ER during drought years, when other less drought resistant components may have reduced activity.
Novas Estratégias Produtivas na Amazônia: estudo sobre os produtores agropecuários familiares no Sudoeste Paraense
Creators: name: Herrera, José Antonio
name: Ramos, Pedro
name: Silva, João Ulisses Barata Da
name: Herrera, José Antonio
name: Ramos, Pedro
name: Silva, João Ulisses Barata Da
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Amazon
subject: determinations
subject: productive strategies
subject: specificities.

description: Amazon is integrated into the national economy so that capital takes advantage of trade asymmetries not loyal and unequal. The exploitation of resources is being more intense, degrading the environment and worsening social problems. The imposition of the capital established relations, although it transformed the family agricultural production, and have not eliminated it, and this presents different forms of production and different social relations. Starting from this premise, this paper sought to understand the production strategies that constitute the family agricultural production in Southwestern area of Pará. The study was carried out in three municipalities: Pacajá, Ancient Settlement area; Anapu, PDS (Sustainable Development Project) area; and Senador José Porfírio, the project area of Conventional Settlement of Incra (National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform). One hundred and fifty (150) families were researched during the 2007-2008 agricultural cycle. Qualitative parameters (observation in loco) and quantitative (statistical analysis) were used as methodological procedures, which can elucidate a mosaic (trajectories, perspectives and trends) that comprises the diversity of family agricultural production that results of the different materials bases in which families have to establish their medium and long-term projects.
title: Design and construction of an experimental setup to measure the impact of alkali metals on gasification
Creators: name: Rosenfeld, Daniel Cenk
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biomasse
subject: Dampfvergasung
subject: Bettmaterialien
subject: Biomass
subject: Steam gasification
subject: Bed materials

description: Biomass steam gasification is a promising way of producing synthetic gas that can be used for example in chemical industry and for fuel production. It can also be combined with heat and power generation and has a high potential as a renewable energy source. This has led to a lot of research about how catalytic active bed material could improve the quality of synthetic gas. Previous publications have shown that catalytic active bed material also has a positive effect on the efficiency of the char gasification reaction by transferring potassium from the bed material to the solid fuel. The present work investigates the impact of different bed materials on steam gasification of char. This should help to analyse the role of alkali metals, especially of potassium, in char gasification. To examine this, a new fluidized bed system on lab scale has been designed and constructed, which allows for the execution of steam gasification experiments without the risk of an interaction between the reactor and the catalytic material. This has been done by performing steam gasification experiments of char in active and nonactive olivine as bed material. After 50% conversion, the char has been analysed with a SEM/EDX. It was found that the activated olivine has a strong catalytic effect on the steam gasification of char. This results in a higher reaction rate a nd a reduction by 50% of the conversion time. Further experiments have shown that this effect is decreasing over time. The char analysis has shown that the potassium was transferred from the bed material to the fuel.
Critical field theory of the Kondo lattice model in two dimensions
Creators: name: Kim, Ki-Seok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of the U(1) slave boson theory we derive a critical field theory near the quantum critical point of the Kondo lattice model in two spatial dimensions. First we argue that strong gauge fluctuations in the U(1) slave boson theory give rise to confinement between spinons and holons, thus causing "neutralized" spinons in association with the slave boson U(1) gauge field. Second we show that critical fluctuations of Kondo singlets near the quantum critical point result in a new U(1) gauge field. This emergent gauge field has nothing to do with the slave boson U(1) gauge field. Third we find that the slave boson U(1) gauge field can be exactly integrated out in the low energy limit. As a result we find a critical field theory in terms of renormalized conduction electrons and neutralized spinons interacting via the new emergent U(1) gauge field. Based on this critical field theory we obtain the temperature dependence of specific heat and the imaginary part of the self-energy of the renormalized electrons. These quantities display non-Fermi liquid behavior near the quantum critical point.
Complexity Reduction of Volterra Nonlinear Equalization for Optical Short-Reach IM/DD Systems
Creators: name: Wettlin, Tom
name: Rahman, Talha
name: Wei, Jinlong
name: Calabrò, Stefano
name: Stojanovic, Nebojsa
name: Pachnicke, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We investigate approaches to reduce the computational complexity of Volterra nonlinear equalizers (VNLEs) for short-reach optical transmission systems using intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD). In this contribution we focus on a structural reduction of the number of kernels, i.e. we define rules to decide which terms need to be implemented and which can be neglected before the kernels are calculated. This static complexity reduction is to be distinguished from other approaches like pruning or L1 regularization, that are applied after the adaptation of the full Volterra equalizer e.g. by thresholding. We investigate the impact of the complexity reduction on 90 GBd PAM6 IM/DD experimental data acquired in a back-to-back setup as well as in case of transmission over 1 km SSMF. First, we show, that the third-order VNLE terms have a significant impact on the overall performance of the system and that a high number of coefficients is necessary for optimal performance. Afterwards, we show that restrictions, for example on the tap spacing among samples participating in the same kernel, can lead to an improved tradeoff between performance and complexity compared to a full third-order VNLE. We show an example, in which the number of third-order kernels is halved without any appreciable performance degradation.
Tame class field theory for arithmetic schemes
Creators: name: Schmidt, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19F05; 11R37

description: We extend the unramified class field theory for arithmetic schemes of K. Kato and S. Saito to the tame case. Let $X$ be a regular proper arithmetic scheme and let $D$ be a divisor on $X$ whose vertical irreducible components are normal schemes. Theorem: There exists a natural reciprocity isomorphism \[ \rec_{X,D}: \CH_0(X,D) \liso \tilde π_1^t(X,D)^\ab\. \] Both groups are finite. This paper corrects and generalizes my paper "Relative K-theory and class field theory for arithmetic surfaces" (math.NT/0204330)
MPEC 2025-C162 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2025 February 12)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Screening of Coulomb interactions in transition metals
Creators: name: Solovyev, I. V.
name: Imada, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss different methods of calculation of the screened Coulomb interaction $U$ in transition metals and compare the constraint local-density approximation (LDA) with the GW approach. We clarify that they offer complementary methods of treating the screening and should serve for different purposes. In the GW method, the renormalization of bare on-site Coulomb interactions between 3d electrons occurs mainly through the screening by the same 3d electrons, treated in the random phase approximation (RPA). The basic difference of the constraint-LDA method is that it deals with the neutral processes, where the Coulomb interactions are additionally screened by the ``excited'' electron, since it continues to stay in the system. This is the main channel of screening by the itinerant ($4sp$) electrons, which is especially strong in the case of transition metals and missing in the GW approach, although the details of this screening may be affected by additional approximations, which typically supplement these two methods. The major drawback of the conventional constraint-LDA method is that it does not allow to treat the energy-dependence of $U$. We propose a promising approximation based on the combination of these two methods. First, we take into account the screening of Coulomb interactions in the 3d-electron-line bands located near the Fermi level by the states from the subspace being orthogonal to these bands, using the constraint-LDA methods. The obtained interactions are further renormalized within the bands near the Fermi level in RPA. This allows the energy-dependent screening by electrons near the Fermi level including the same 3d electrons.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
IoT based real-time river water quality monitoring system
Creators: name: Abhijit Pathak
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Computer Engineering

description: Current water quality monitoring system is a manual system with a monotonous process and is very time-consuming. This paper proposes a sensor-based water quality monitoring system. The main components of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) include a microcontroller for processing the system, communication system for inter and intra node communication and several sensors. Real-time data access can be done by using remote monitoring and Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Data collected at the apart site can be displayed in a visual format on a server PC with the help of Spark streaming analysis through Spark MLlib, Deep learning neural network models, Belief Rule Based (BRB) system and is also compared with standard values. If the acquired value is above the threshold value automated warning SMS alert will be sent to the agent. The uniqueness of our proposed paper is to obtain the water monitoring system with high frequency, high mobility, and low powered. Therefore, our proposed system will immensely help Bangladeshi populations to become conscious against contaminated water as well as to stop polluting the water.
X-ray Lines in Gamma-ray Bursts and Cerenkov Line Mechanism
Creators: name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray emission and absorption features are of great importance in our understanding the nature and environment of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). So far, iron emission lines have been detected in at least four GRB afterglows. In this paper, the observational properties and physical constraints on materials surrounding GRB sources are reviewed, and several classes of theoretical models are also discussed. We will specially concentrate on the Cerenkov line mechanism, in which the broad iron lines are expected, and a small mass of Fe is required to produce the large line luminosity. In addition, our interpretation can favor the recent jet unified model for different classes of gamma-ray bursts with a standard energy reservoir.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, contribute to the Second Workshop on the Nature of the High-Energy UnidS for the publication in the journal Astrophysics and Space Science
Additional file 1 of Decoupling behavioral and transcriptional responses to color in an eyeless cnidarian
Creators: name: Leach, Whitney B.
name: Reitzel, Adam M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. A. Light spectra intensity and energy values from the experimental treatments used in this study. Spectra were determined using a Qstick Subminiature Spectrometer (RGB Laser Systems). B. Energy values were determined using a radiometer (QSL 2100, Biospherical Instruments Inc.) at two positions in a 90 mm petri dish, on the inner (left star) and outer (right star) edges. Measurements are in μmol/cm2/sec of photons. Figure S2. Experimental design of Nematostella RNA sequencing experiment. Shown are the 12:12 h light:dark treatments of red-, green-, and blue-light treated and 12:12 h dark:dark treated anemones’ 24-h time-course experiment ran in parallel with each other. Solid colored red, green, blue, and grey boxes represent the ‘day’ period or photoperiod of 12 h, solid black boxes represent the ‘night’ period or scotoperiod of 12 h. The black, left pointing arrows represent the 30-day entrainment period prior to animal collections. The sampling points are shown in Zeitgeber Times (ZT) and as white circles. ZT = 0, or 0700, corresponds to “lights on” and ZT = 12, or 1900, corresponds to “lights off”. The sampling size (n) of each treatment is indicated on the left of each timeline. At each collection time point, which occurred every 4 h for 24 h beginning at ZT = 2, or 0900, 4 anemones per time point were sampled individually from each treatment (6 time points * 4 replicates = 24 anemones per treatment). A total of 96 individuals were collected during the 24-h time course. Figure S3. Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) and Module-Trait Relationships. Heatmap of transcripts (4965) assigned to 10 modules (arbitrary colors on the left of the heatmap). Eigengenes were calculated for each module. The strength of the correlations between traits (light treatment, time, biological replicates) and gene expression, is indicated by the intensity of the colored blocks with red and blue indicting positive and negative correlations. The numbers in each block represent the Pearson’s correlation between the module eigengene and the trait and corresponding p-values. Modules that are specifically correlated with each of the light conditions are marked with asterisks.
Reducing the Error on alpha in B-> pi pi, rho rho, rho pi
Creators: name: Gronau, M.
name: Lunghi, E.
name: Wyler, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical errors in the extraction of alpha from B -> pi^+ pi^-, rho^+ rho^-, rho pi decays are usually given in terms of upper bounds on alpha_eff-alpha obtained from isospin or from SU(3) relations, where alpha_eff is measured through CP asymmetries. We show that mild assumptions about magnitudes and strong phases of penguin and tree amplitudes (|P/T| < 1 and |delta| < pi/2) in B -> pi pi and B -> rho rho, imply alpha_eff > alpha, thus reducing by a factor two the error in alpha. Similarly, the assumptions |p_+-/t_+-| < 1, |δ_-| < pi/2 rho pi lead to a cancellation between two terms in alpha_eff-alpha. Current data support these conditions.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, small corrections, few references added, final version to appear in Phys. Lett. B