cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Patterns of Homotypic and Heterotypic Continuity Between ADHD Symptoms, Externalising and Internalising Problems from Age 7 to 15
Creators: name: Obsuth, Ingrid
name: Murray, Aja Louise
name: Di Folco, Simona
name: Ribeaud, Denis
name: Eisner, Manuel
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
Homotypic continuity
Heterotypic continuity
ADHD
Internalising
Externalising
Longitudinal

description: Abstract: ADHD presents a serious community-health problem through its links to a wide range of negative outcomes. These outcomes are exacerbated when ADHD symptoms co-occur with other mental health problems. Research evidence suggests high rates of co-comorbidity with a range of problems. However, there is a paucity of longitudinal research that examines the predictive links between ADHD symptoms and symptoms of other mental health problems. We examined a cross-lagged autoregressive model in order to assess homotypic and heterotypic continuity between ADHD symptoms, aggressive behavior, non-aggressive behavior problems and anxiety/depression in a community-based sample of 1571 youth (761 female, 810 male) assessed annually from age 7 to 13 and again at age 15. Consistently significant correlations between each pair of problem behaviors provided support for concurrent comorbidity. Furthermore, significant autoregressive pathways provided support for homotypic continuity. Support for heterotypic continuity was limited to ADHD symptoms predicting both aggressive behavior and non-aggressive behavior problems, but not vice versa. Our study highlights the importance of focusing on ADHD symptoms to identify children at risk not only for continued ADHD symptomatology but also a range of externalizing behavior problems including different types of aggression and non-aggressive behavior problems, such as rule-breaking. Identifying these patterns in a community-based sample provides support for the possibility of early identification of risk for a range of problem behaviors.
Using a Portfolio Approach to Evaluate Animal Health Surveillance Portfolios in the United States
Creators: name: Johnson, Kamina K.
name: Antognoli, Maria C.
name: Ahola, Sara C.
name: Gustafson, Lori L.
name: Branan, Matthew A.
name: Remmenga, Marta D.
name: Jones, Rebecca D.
name: Orloski, Kathleen A.
name: Hsi, David J.
name: Johnson, Kamina K.
name: Antognoli, Maria C.
name: Ahola, Sara C.
name: Gustafson, Lori L.
name: Branan, Matthew A.
name: Remmenga, Marta D.
name: Jones, Rebecca D.
name: Orloski, Kathleen A.
name: Hsi, David J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Surveillance
subject: portfolio theory
subject: livestock disease
subject: risk

description: Selecting the optimal level of surveillance to implement for an animal disease is important when decision-makers are allocating resources within a surveillance portfolio (collection of all surveillance activities for a species). Decision-makers should consider economically efficient options that meet effectiveness requirements of a surveillance system (i.e., disease detection capability, timeliness, etc.). In this research, we look at components in two disease surveillance systems within a species portfolio and compare current surveillance testing levels with four other optional levels. Option 1 does not meet the detection capability thresholds, while option 2 meets thresholds for one disease but not the other. Options 3 and 4 meet the detection capability thresholds and result in a cost savings compared to current levels. We conclude that Option 3 would be the optimum level of surveillance as it has a lower cost-effectiveness ratio compared to option 4 and the current level, as well as a cost savings of $637,500.
Algas bentônicas da Lagoa de Piratininga, Niterói, RJ, Brasil
Creators: name: Pedrini, Alexandre De Gusmão
name: Monteiro, Maria Helena Durães Alves
name: Paula, Joel Campos De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Botany

description: Piratininga Lagoon lies within the municipality of Niterói, Rio de Janeiro State (22􏰀 56 ' S a 43 􏰀 00 ' W􏰀). This lagoon recieves two main tributaries, River Jacaré, its main source of fresh water and River Cafubá. The Channel of Camboatá an artificial opening links with the neighboring Itaipu Lagoon. Samples were collected monthly from february 1990 to january 1991 at 7 sites along the lagoon bank. A total of 14 taxa (12 Chlorophyta, 1 Rhodophyta and 1 Charophyta) were found. The most important family was Cladophoraceae (50% of the taxa), and the second, Ulvaceae (36%). The occurrence of laminar and filamentous thalli were striking. Modesto Island was the richest (12 taxa), followed by the Channel of Camboatá (8 taxa) of all the collection points. July (9 taxa) was the richest and december the poorest (1 taxon) sample times (monthly). The number of taxa oscillated a lot along the twelve months of collection, characterizing an absence of sazonality.
Vector coherent state representations, induced representations, and geometric quantization: II. Vector coherent state representations
Creators: name: Bartlett, Stephen D.
name: Rowe, David J.
name: Repka, Joe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown here and in the preceeding paper (quant-ph/0201129) that vector coherent state theory, the theory of induced representations, and geometric quantization provide alternative but equivalent quantizations of an algebraic model. The relationships are useful because some constructions are simpler and more natural from one perspective than another. More importantly, each approach suggests ways of generalizing its counterparts. In this paper, we focus on the construction of quantum models for algebraic systems with intrinsic degrees of freedom. Semi-classical partial quantizations, for which only the intrinsic degrees of freedom are quantized, arise naturally out of this construction. The quantization of the SU(3) and rigid rotor models are considered as examples.
description: 31 pages, part 2 of two papers, published version
Additional file 4 of Family-based intervention to prevent childhood obesity among school-age children of low socioeconomic status: study protocol of the FIVALIN project
Creators: name: C. Homs
name: P. Berruezo
name: G. Según
name: L. Estrada
name: J. De Bont
name: J. Riera-Romaní
name: E. Carrillo-Álvarez
name: H. Schröder
name: R. Milà
name: Gómez, S. F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. INFORMATION SHEET AND INFORMED CONSENT FIVALIN STUDY.
Influence of perturbations on the electron wave function inside the nucleus
Creators: name: Kuchiev, M. Yu.
name: Flambaum, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A variation of the valence electron wave function inside a nucleus induced by a perturbative potential is expressed in terms of the potential momenta. As an application we consider QED vacuum polarization corrections due to the Uehling and Wichmann-Kroll potentials to the weak interaction matrix elements.
description: 16 pages, Latex, IOP stile
Dynamically Composing Domain-Data Selection with Clean-Data Selection by "Co-Curricular Learning" for Neural Machine Translation
Creators: name: Wang, Wei
name: Caswell, Isaac
name: Chelba, Ciprian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Noise and domain are important aspects of data quality for neural machine translation. Existing research focus separately on domain-data selection, clean-data selection, or their static combination, leaving the dynamic interaction across them not explicitly examined. This paper introduces a "co-curricular learning" method to compose dynamic domain-data selection with dynamic clean-data selection, for transfer learning across both capabilities. We apply an EM-style optimization procedure to further refine the "co-curriculum". Experiment results and analysis with two domains demonstrate the effectiveness of the method and the properties of data scheduled by the co-curriculum.
description: 11 pages
Hard rods: statistics of parking configurations
Creators: name: Dunlop, Francois
name: Huillet, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60D05 60K35 82B05

description: We compute the correlation function in the equilibrium version of Rényi's {\sl parking problem}. The correlation length is found to diverge as $2^{-1}π^{-2}(1-ρ)^{-2}$ when $ρ\nearrow1$ (maximum density) and as $π^{-2}(2ρ-1)^{-2}$ when $ρ\searrow1/2$ (minimum density).
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
title: Examining the Emergence of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances as a Federal Policy Topic
Creators: name: Dobry, Charlotte
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: per and polyfluroalkyl substance
subject: multiple streams theory
subject: PFAS
subject: Multiple streams frameworks
subject: public policy
subject: policy enterpreneurs

description: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), colloquially referred to as “forever chemicals”, include approximately 15,000 chemicals. These chemicals have applications in commercial, household, and industrial settings, and have been detected nearly everywhere on earth. While data about PFAS’ environmental persistence and human health risks came to the attention of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency around the turn of the century, protective policies regarding PFAS use and acceptable exposure levels has been slow to evolve. Using John J. Kingdon’s multiple streams framework as a theoretical lens, this study reviewed Congressional bills and surveyed policy community stakeholders to analyze the factors important in PFAS’ emergence as a policy agenda topic. We found that support from policy entrepreneurs as information brokers was crucial in advancing policy, whether inside or outside of government. Additionally, attorneys, scientists, and community organizers were identified as key individuals in defining PFAS as a problem and raising awareness on a larger scale. These findings contribute to better understanding how environmental topics such as emerging contaminants, where there is a period of information gathering necessary to inform policy development, may successfully rise as agenda topics.
Impact of Dodd-Frank on Small Community Lenders
Creators: name: Brewer, Brady
name: Russell, Levi
name: Brewer, Brady
name: Russell, Levi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Political Economy
subject: Banking
subject: Dodd-Frank
subject: Regulation

description: With the passing of the Dodd-Frank Act in 2010, 10,000 new regulatory restrictions under Title 12 have been imposed on banks. This increase in regulation represents a great burden on financial institutions as it restricts avenues of revenue and causes an increase in compliance costs. While much attention has been paid to the Dodd-Frank Act, no empirical evidence exists to show the impact it has had on financial institutions and their profitability. Even though the Dodd-Frank Act targeted larger financial institutions, small banks, being defined as a bank with less than $250 million in total assets, are still regulated. With small community banks being a large provider of agricultural credit for farmers, the agricultural credit market relies heavily on small community banks being able to provide lending services to keep farmers in operation. This study examines the impact on profitability of small community banks and how that affects the availability of credit for the agricultural industry.
Saccharodite securifera Zelazny & Webb 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Saccharodite
Saccharodite securifera

description: Saccharodite securifera Zelazny, sp. nov.
(Figs. 95, 312)
 Description. Forewings 1.9 times longer than wide, length: male 3.2–3.7 mm (mean = 3.4, n = 4), female: about 2.9 mm. Posterior part of mesonotum, but not scutellum, with a bright red, rhomboid mark. Forewings glassy with very faint infuscations; veins stramineous with orange to orange-red sections in anterior, apical part; some piceous spots on base of Sc+R. Forewings with basal median cell broad, about twice as wide as basal cell between Sc+R and M. Male genitalia with pygofer narrow. Genital styles broad; proximal dorsal process broad, its tip curved inwards; distal dorsal process elongated. Aedeagus hatchet-like; on the ventral side, just before the apical portion, two flat, contiguous lobes, their front end abruptly cut off; a longitudinal fold divides the dorsal side into a short left lobe, bearing minute teeth, and a longer right lobe pointed at the end and bearing an additional, lateral process curving outwards.
 Note. Externally like to Saccharodite plurima sp. nov. The above description has been shortened, due to this similarity.
 Etymology. The species name is a Latin adjective (securifer, - fera, -ferum = bearing an axe).
 Type material. Holotype ♂ (forewing 3.3 mm), EAST MALAYSIA: NORTH BORNEO: SABAH; labels: 1) NORTH BORNEO (SE)/ Forest Camp, 19 km / N. of Kalabakan / 11.X.1962 2) K.J. Kuncheria / Collector / BISHOP (BPBM). Paratypes. EAST MALAYSIA: NORTH BORNEO: SABAH: Tawau, Quoin Hill, Cocoa Res. Sta., 3.IX.1962, 1 ♂ (fw. 3.4), light trap, Y. Hirashima (BPBM); EAST MALAYSIA: NORTH BORNEO: SARAWAK: Gunong Mulu, Nat. Park, Site 18, W. Melinan Gorge, 100 m, III.1978, 1 ♂ (fw. 3.2), alluvial forest, riverside veg., J.D. Holloway (BMNH); INDONESIA: SUMATRA: Binabo, Pengadang, VI.1916, 1 ♂ (fw. 3.7), Edw. Jacobson (RMNH); WEST MALAYSIA: Sungei Linam, 2–20 m, 20.IX.1960, 1 ♀ (fw. 2.9), J.L. Gressitt; SE, Pahang Taman, 5 m, 18.IX.1960, 1 ♂, Gressitt (all BPBM).
 Distribution. North Borneo, Sumatra, West Malaysia.
 Diagnosis. Saccharodite securifera is unseparable externally from Sa. plurima sp. nov. and Sa. spinosa Zelazny and is very similar to Sa. lucifera sp. nov., all three also found in Borneo. It can be distinguished from these by the hatchet-like male aedeagus.
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on pages 157-158
The Effects of Self-Control on Subsequent Purchasing Decisions
Creators: name: Palma, Marco
name: Segovia, Michelle
name: Kassas, Bachir
name: Ribera, Luis
name: Hall, Charles
name: Palma, Marco
name: Segovia, Michelle
name: Kassas, Bachir
name: Ribera, Luis
name: Hall, Charles
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Self-Control
subject: Knowledge Structure
subject: Resource Depletion
subject: Non-linear Effects

description: The effect of self-control on individual behavior has long been a subject of debate. The psychology literature has advanced three theories to explain self-control. However, those theories carry contradictory predictions as they were restricted to linear relationships between an initial act of self-control and subsequent self-control ability. This study uses biometric measures collected in a random assignment experiment to look at possible non-linear effects. This was done by considering the variation in the effect of an initial self-control task on purchasing decisions as compliance rates with the task change. There is strong evidence pointing towards the conclusion that the self-control theories are not mutually exclusive and are actually operating simultaneously. Specifically, moderate self-control exertion in the initial task was tied to the knowledge structure and higher self-control ability in subsequent purchasing decisions. On the other hand, exerting self-control beyond a certain threshold caused a fatigue effect, which made the resource depletion models more dominant and resulted in lower self-control ability in subsequent purchasing tasks. This result was robust across several model specifications. Moreover, data from brain activation capturing approach behavior in the prefrontal cortex conformed to those findings. Finally, it seems that males were not only able to access the knowledge structure more quickly than females, but they also had higher fatigue thresholds and were able to withstand higher levels of self-control in the initial task before resource depletion became dominant.
Comparing introductory physics and astronomy students' attitudes and approaches to problem solving
Creators: name: Good, Melanie
name: Mason, Andrew
name: Singh, Chandralekha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examined how introductory physics students' attitudes and approaches to problem solving compare to those of introductory astronomy students, using a previously validated survey, the Attitudes and Approaches to Problem Solving (AAPS) survey. In addition, we compared the performance of the introductory physics and astronomy students on the factors which were identified in a factor analysis in the original validation study. We found that introductory astronomy students' overall average AAPS score was significantly more favorable than that of introductory physics students (p < 0.01), and the effect size was large (Cohen's d = 0.81). We also found that introductory astronomy students' scores were more favorable in all clusters of questions except for one factor involving drawing diagrams and writing scratchwork while solving problems. We also found that introductory physics and astronomy students were equally capable of solving two isomorphic problems posed to them, and that the majority of introductory physics and introductory astronomy students reported that the problem posed in the astronomy context was more interesting to them. Interviews suggest that the context of astronomy in problem solving may be more interesting for students and could be one possible explanation for the more favorable AAPS scores amongst introductory astronomy students compared to introductory physics students. Instructors of introductory physics courses should heed these findings which indicate that it may be beneficial for instructors of introductory physics courses to incorporate problems into their instruction which contain real-world contexts, which may serve to increase student interest-level, and which could help create more favorable attitudes and approaches towards problem solving.
description: 19 pages
Dicke time crystals in driven-dissipative quantum many-body systems
Creators: name: Zhu, Bihui
name: Marino, Jamir
name: Yao, Norman Y.
name: Lukin, Mikhail D.
name: Demler, Eugene A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dicke model -- a paradigmatic example of superradiance in quantum optics -- describes an ensemble of atoms which are collectively coupled to a leaky cavity mode. As a result of the cooperative nature of these interactions, the system's dynamics are captured by the behavior of a single mean-field, collective spin. In this mean-field limit, it has recently been shown that the interplay between photon losses and periodic driving of light-matter coupling can lead to time-crystalline-like behavior of the collective spin. In this work, we investigate whether such a Dicke time crystal is stable to perturbations that explicitly break the mean-field solvability of the conventional Dicke model. In particular, we consider the addition of short-range interactions between atoms, which breaks the collective coupling and leads to complex many-body dynamics. In this context, the interplay between periodic driving, dissipation and interactions yields a rich set of dynamical responses including long-lived and metastable Dicke time crystals, where losses can cool down the many-body heating resulting from the continuous pump of energy from the periodic drive. Specifically, when the additional short-range interactions are ferromagnetic, we observe time crystalline behavior at non-perturbative values of the coupling strength, suggesting the possible existence of stable dynamical order in a driven-dissipative quantum many-body system. These findings illustrate the rich nature of novel dynamical responses with many-body character in quantum optics platforms.
Series Expansion Calculation of Persistence Exponents
Creators: name: Ehrhardt, George C. M. A
name: Bray, Alan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an arbitrary Gaussian Stationary Process X(T) with known correlator C(T), sampled at discrete times T_n = n ΔT. The probability that (n+1) consecutive values of X have the same sign decays as P_n \sim \exp(-θ_D T_n). We calculate the discrete persistence exponent θ_D as a series expansion in the correlator C(ΔT) up to 14th order, and extrapolate to ΔT = 0 using constrained Padé approximants to obtain the continuum persistence exponent θ. For the diffusion equation our results are in exceptionally good agreement with recent numerical estimates.
description: 5 pages; 5 page appendix containing series coefficients
Eleven grand challenges in single-cell data science
Creators: name: Lähnemann, David
name: Köster, Johannes
name: Szczurek, Ewa
name: McCarthy, Davis J.
name: Hicks, Stephanie C.
name: Robinson, Mark D.
name: Vallejos, Catalina A.
name: Campbell, Kieran R.
name: Beerenwinkel, Niko
name: Mahfouz, Ahmed
name: Pinello, Luca
name: Skums, Pavel
name: Stamatakis, Alexandros
name: Attolini, Camille Stephan-Otto
name: Aparicio, Samuel
name: Baaijens, Jasmijn
name: Balvert, Marleen
name: Barbanson, Buys De
name: Cappuccio, Antonio
name: Corleone, Giacomo
name: Dutilh, Bas E.
name: Florescu, Maria
name: Guryev, Victor
name: Holmer, Rens
name: Jahn, Katharina
name: Lobo, Thamar Jessurun
name: Keizer, Emma M.
name: Khatri, Indu
name: Kielbasa, Szymon M.
name: Korbel, Jan O.
name: Kozlov, Alexey M.
name: Kuo, Tzu-Hao
name: Lelieveldt, Boudewijn P.F.
name: Mandoiu, Ion I.
name: Marioni, John C.
name: Marschall, Tobias
name: Mölder, Felix
name: Niknejad, Amir
name: Raczkowski, Lukasz
name: Reinders, Marcel
name: Ridder, Jeroen De
name: Saliba, Antoine-Emmanuel
name: Somarakis, Antonios
name: Stegle, Oliver
name: Theis, Fabian J.
name: Yang, Huan
name: Zelikovsky, Alex
name: McHardy, Alice C.
name: Raphael, Benjamin J.
name: Shah, Sohrab P.
name: Schönhuth, Alexander
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Review

description: Abstract: The recent boom in microfluidics and combinatorial indexing strategies, combined with low sequencing costs, has empowered single-cell sequencing technology. Thousands—or even millions—of cells analyzed in a single experiment amount to a data revolution in single-cell biology and pose unique data science problems. Here, we outline eleven challenges that will be central to bringing this emerging field of single-cell data science forward. For each challenge, we highlight motivating research questions, review prior work, and formulate open problems. This compendium is for established researchers, newcomers, and students alike, highlighting interesting and rewarding problems for the coming years.
The diquark model: New Physics effects for charm and kaon decays
Creators: name: D'Ambrosio, Giancarlo
name: Gao, Dao-Neng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by diquark exchange, we construct a class of extensions of the standard model. These models can generate large CP conserving and CP violating contributions to the doubly Cabbibo suppressed decays D^0\to K^+π^- without affecting D^0-\overline{D^0} mixing, contrary to what is usually believed in the literature. We find an interesting specific realization of these models, which has the LR chiral structure and can induce novel density \times density operators. It is new for non-leptonic kaon decays, and particularly, may provide a possible solution to the ΔI=1/2 rule and direct CP violation, without inducing large flavour changing neutral currents.
description: LaTeX, 12 pages and 2 eps figures. Minor changes, paper accepted by Physics Letters B
Accurately Estimating Poverty Effects of Food Price Escalation: A Mexican Case Study
Creators: name: Wood, Benjamin D.K.
name: Nelson, Carl N.
name: Garduno, Rafael
name: Wood, Benjamin D.K.
name: Nelson, Carl N.
name: Garduno, Rafael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Mexico
subject: food price
subject: demand system
subject: economic welfare
subject: poverty
subject: substitution

description: With the continued instability in consumer food prices, questions abound regarding how food price shocks affect poverty in the developing world. Following up on Wood et al. (2012), this research uses repeated cross sectional Government of Mexico household surveys to test the longer term effects of food price shocks on household poverty status. Summary statistics for biennial surveys conducted in 2008 and 2010 provide an initial understanding of how households react to food price spikes. After calculating food demand systems for these years, we compare the importance of accounting for second order welfare effects during time of high and low food price increases. Assessing the accuracy of different measurement options will allow researchers to know which technique to use when assess the effect of future food price changes.
On the mass of elementary carriers of gravitational interaction
Creators: name: Krasnoholovets, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the theory of submicroscopic quantum mechanics recently constructed by the author the mass of elementary spatial excitations called inertons, which accompany a moving particle, is estimated herein. These excitations are treated as carriers of both inertial and gravitational properties of the particle.
description: 2 pages, no figures. Report delivered at Seminar "The theoretical backgrounds and experimental facts of gravitational screening of a substance", (R & Techn. Inst. TTR, Kharkiv, Ukraine), April 2001
$L^p$-Sobolev estimates for a class of integral operators with folding canonical relations
Creators: name: Pramanik, Malabika
name: Seeger, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35S30, 44A12, 42B20, 42B35

description: We prove a sharp $L^p$-Sobolev regularity results for a class of generalized Radon transforms for families of curves in a three dimensional manifold, with folding canonical relations. The proof relies on decoupling inequalities by Wolff and by Bourgain-Demeter for plate decompositions of thin neighborhoods of cones.
description: To appear in Journal of Geometric Analysis
An evaluation of machine-learning for predicting phenotype: studies in yeast, rice, and wheat
Creators: name: Grinberg, Nastasiya F.
name: Orhobor, Oghenejokpeme I.
name: King, Ross D.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
Random forest
Gradient boosting machines
Support vector machines
Lasso regression
Ridge regression
BLUP
GWAS
Statistical genetics
Plant biology

description: Abstract: In phenotype prediction the physical characteristics of an organism are predicted from knowledge of its genotype and environment. Such studies, often called genome-wide association studies, are of the highest societal importance, as they are of central importance to medicine, crop-breeding, etc. We investigated three phenotype prediction problems: one simple and clean (yeast), and the other two complex and real-world (rice and wheat). We compared standard machine learning methods; elastic net, ridge regression, lasso regression, random forest, gradient boosting machines (GBM), and support vector machines (SVM), with two state-of-the-art classical statistical genetics methods; genomic BLUP and a two-step sequential method based on linear regression. Additionally, using the clean yeast data, we investigated how performance varied with the complexity of the biological mechanism, the amount of observational noise, the number of examples, the amount of missing data, and the use of different data representations. We found that for almost all the phenotypes considered, standard machine learning methods outperformed the methods from classical statistical genetics. On the yeast problem, the most successful method was GBM, followed by lasso regression, and the two statistical genetics methods; with greater mechanistic complexity GBM was best, while in simpler cases lasso was superior. In the wheat and rice studies the best two methods were SVM and BLUP. The most robust method in the presence of noise, missing data, etc. was random forests. The classical statistical genetics method of genomic BLUP was found to perform well on problems where there was population structure. This suggests that standard machine learning methods need to be refined to include population structure information when this is present. We conclude that the application of machine learning methods to phenotype prediction problems holds great promise, but that determining which methods is likely to perform well on any given problem is elusive and non-trivial.
Saccharodite tricuspis Zelazny & Webb 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Saccharodite
Saccharodite tricuspis

description: Saccharodite tricuspis Zelazny, sp. nov.
(Figs. 97, 313)
 Description. Forewings broad, 1.7 times longer than wide, length in male 2.8–3.3 mm (mean = 3.1, n = 15). Frons stramineous with 2 fine red lines. Posterior part of mesonotum, but not scutellum, with a bright red mark. Forewings glassy with very faint infuscations; a red mark around last subcostal sector; veins stramineous with orange to orange-red sections in anterior, apical part; some piceous spots on base of Sc+R. Forewings with basal median cell broad, about twice as wide as basal cell between Sc+R and M. Male genitalia with pygofer narrow. Genital styles elongated; proximal dorsal process broad, nearly quadratic in outline; distal dorsal process elongated. Apical portion of aedeagus short, bearing 3 short, slender and pointed processes: one on the caudal end directed dorsad, and 2 on the right side directed forward and dorsad.
 Note. Externally very similar to Saccharodite plurima sp. nov. The above description has been shortened, due to this similarity.
 Etymology. The species name is a Latin adjective (tricuspis = with three points) which remains unchanged in all gender forms.
 Type material. Holotype ♂ (forewing 3.1 mm), EAST MALAYSIA: NORTH BORNEO: SABAH; labels: 1) NORTH BORNEO (SE)/ Forest Camp, 19 km / N. of Kalabakan / 30.X.1962 2) K.J. Kuncheria / Collector / BISHOP (BPBM). Paratypes. EAST MALAYSIA: NORTH BORNEO: SABAH: Tawau, Quoin Hill, 15–20. VII.1962, 1 ♂ (fw. 3.1), light trap, H. Holtmann; Tawau, Quoin Hill, Cocoa Res. Stn., 14.IX.1962, 1 ♂ (fw. 3.1), light trap, Y. Hirashima; same data as holotype, 10, 19, 26, 30.X.1962, 9 ♂ (fw. 2.8, 2.9, 3.0, 2x 3.1, 3x 3.2) (all BPBM); Sandakan, 1 ♂ (fw. 3.2), Baker (USNM); R. Karamuak, 7 mi [11 km] SSE, Telupid, 200 ft [70 m], 1–7.IX.1977, 1 ♂ (fw. 3.3), M.E. Bacchus; BRUNEI: Labi / Bukit Teraja / 30km S.E. of Seria / 21–28.iii.1979, primary mixed/dipterocarp/ forest, alt. 60m, light trap 2/ 50m. above ground/ L. Sutton /B.M. 1985-50, 1 ♂ (fw. 3.0); Bukit Sulang, nr. Lamunin, 20.VIII–10.IX.1982, 1 ♂ (fw. 3.1), N.E. Stork, B.M.1982-388, fogging (all BMNH).
 Distribution. North Borneo.
 Diagnosis. Saccharodite tricuspis is unseparable externally from Sa. virgata Zelazny, Sa. viperina sp. nov., and Sa. terebra Zelazny, and is very similar to Sa. costa sp. nov. All four species are also found in Borneo. It can be recognized by the short apical portion of the male aedeagus, bearing 3 short, slender, and pointed processes.
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on pages 158-159
Self-consistent parametrization of the two-flavor isotropic color-superconducting ground state
Creators: name: Buballa, M.
name: Hosek, J.
name: Oertel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lack of Lorentz invariance of QCD at finite quark chemical potential in general implies the need of Lorentz non-invariant condensates for the self-consistent description of the color-superconducting ground state. Moreover, the spontaneous breakdown of color SU(3) in this state naturally leads to the existence of SU(3) non-invariant non-superconducting expectation values. We illustrate these observations by analyzing the properties of an effective 2-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio type Lagrangian and discuss the possibility of color-superconducting states with effectively gapless fermionic excitations. It turns out that the effect of condensates so far neglected can yield new interesting phenomena.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of High School Basketball Coach and Player Perspectives on Warm-Up Routines and Lower Extremity Injuries
Creators: name: Munoz-Plaza, Corrine
name: Pounds, Dana
name: Davis, Anna
name: Park, Stacy
name: Sallis, Robert
name: Romero, Manuel G.
name: Sharp, Adam L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Digital Content 1. Coach and Player Interview Guides.
Genome-wide transcriptome analysis reveals equine embryonic stem cell-derived tenocytes resemble fetal, not adult tenocytes
Creators: name: Paterson, Y. Z.
name: Cribbs, A.
name: Espenel, M.
name: Smith, E. J.
name: Henson, F. M. D.
name: Guest, D. J.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research
Embryonic stem cells (ESCs)
Fetal tenocytes
Scar tissue
Transcriptome analysis
Tendon regeneration

description: Abstract: Background: Tendon injuries occur frequently in human and equine athletes. Treatment options are limited, and the prognosis is often poor with functionally deficient scar tissue resulting. Fetal tendon injuries in contrast are capable of healing without forming scar tissue. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) may provide a potential cellular therapeutic to improve adult tendon regeneration; however, whether they can mimic the properties of fetal tenocytes is unknown. To this end, understanding the unique expression profile of normal adult and fetal tenocytes is crucial to allow validation of ESC-derived tenocytes as a cellular therapeutic. Methods: Equine adult, fetal and ESC-derived tenocytes were cultured in a three-dimensional environment, with histological, morphological and transcriptomic differences compared. Additionally, the effects on gene expression of culturing adult and fetal tenocytes in either conventional two-dimensional monolayer culture or three-dimensional culture were compared using RNA sequencing. Results: No qualitative differences in three-dimensional tendon constructs generated from adult, fetal and ESCs were found using histological and morphological analysis. However, genome-wide transcriptomic analysis using RNA sequencing revealed that ESC-derived tenocytes’ transcriptomic profile more closely resembled fetal tenocytes as opposed to adult tenocytes. Furthermore, this study adds to the growing evidence that monolayer cultured cells’ gene expression profiles converge, with adult and fetal tenocytes having only 10 significantly different genes when cultured in this manner. In contrast, when adult and fetal tenocytes were cultured in 3D, large distinctions in gene expression between these two developmental stages were found, with 542 genes being differentially expressed. Conclusion: The information provided in this study makes a significant contribution to the investigation into the differences between adult reparative and fetal regenerative cells and supports the concept of using ESC-derived tenocytes as a cellular therapy. Comparing two- and three-dimensional culture also indicates three-dimensional culture as being a more physiologically relevant culture system for determining transcriptomic difference between the same cell types from different developmental stages.
Remote measurement of sea ice dynamics with regularized optimal transport
Creators: name: Parno, M. D.
name: West, B. A.
name: Song, A. J.
name: Hodgdon, T. S.
name: O'Connor, D. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As Arctic conditions rapidly change, human activity in the Arctic will continue to increase and so will the need for high-resolution observations of sea ice. While satellite imagery can provide high spatial resolution, it is temporally sparse and significant ice deformation can occur between observations. This makes it difficult to apply feature tracking or image correlation techniques that require persistent features to exist between images. With this in mind, we propose a technique based on optimal transport, which is commonly used to measure differences between probability distributions. When little ice enters or leaves the image scene, we show that regularized optimal transport can be used to quantitatively estimate ice deformation. We discuss the motivation for our approach and describe efficient computational implementations. Results are provided on a combination of synthetic and MODIS imagery to demonstrate the ability of our approach to estimate dynamics properties at the original image resolution.
Very light sbottom and gluino scenario confronting electroweak precision tests
Creators: name: Baek, Seungwon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The minimal supersymmetric model with light sbottom ($\sim m_b$) and light gluino (12 $\sim$ 16 GeV) can explain the excess of bottom quark production cross section at hadron colliders and has drawn much attention. We calculate one-loop contribution to Z-pole observable $R_b$ in this scenario when large CP violating phases are allowed in the gluino mass and/or sbottom sector. We show that these large CP violating phases can suppress the new contribution $δR_b$ safely within the experimental bounds even for heavier sbottom too heavy ($\wt{b}_2 \gtrsim$ 200 GeV) to be produced at LEP2 in association with light sbottom $\wt{b}_1$.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
The Order of Variables, Simulation Noise and Accuracy of Mixed Logit Estimates
Creators: name: Palma, Marco
name: Li, Yajuan
name: Vedenov, Dmitry
name: Bessler, David
name: Palma, Marco
name: Li, Yajuan
name: Vedenov, Dmitry
name: Bessler, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Cholesky
subject: Halton draws
subject: Mixing distribution
subject: Random draws
subject: Random Parameters
subject: Simulation.

description: The simulated choice probabilities in Mixed Logit are approximated numerically from a multidimensional integral with a mixing distribution from a multivariate density function of the random parameters. Theoretically the order in which the variables are estimated should not matter; however, due to the inherent simulation ‘noise’ the magnitude of the estimated coefficients differs depending on the arbitrarily selected order in which the random variables enter the estimation procedure. This problem is exacerbated with a low number of draws or if correlation among coefficients is allowed. If correlation among the random parameters is allowed the variable ordering effects arise from simulation noise and from the Cholesky factorization used to allow for correlation. Ignoring the potential ordering effects in simulated maximum likelihood estimation methods seriously compromises the ability for replicating the results and can inadvertently influence policy recommendations. The simulation noise is independent of the number of integrating dimensions for random draws, but it increases for Halton draws. Hence, better coverage is achieved with Halton draws for small integrating dimensions, but random draws provide better coverage for larger dimensions.
Diamagnetic orbital response of mesoscopic silver rings
Creators: name: Deblock, R.
name: Bel, R.
name: Reulet, B.
name: Bouchiat, H.
name: Mailly, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of the flux-dependent orbital magnetic susceptibility of an ensemble of 10^5 disconnected silver rings at 217 MHz. Because of the strong spin-orbit scattering rate in silver this experiment is a test of existing theories on orbital magnetism. Below 100 mK the rings exhibit a magnetic signal with a flux periodicity of h/2 e consistent with averaged persistent currents, whose amplitude is estimated to be of the order of 0.3 nA. The sign of the oscillations indicates diamagnetism in the vicinity of zero magnetic field. This sign is not consistent with theoretical predictions for average persistent currents unless considering attractive interactions in silver. We propose an alternative interpretation taking into account spin orbit scattering and finite frequency.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, revtex4, accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Asteroseismology of the DOV star PG 1159-035
Creators: name: Chen, Yanhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Grids of DOV star models are evolved by \texttt{WDEC} with fixed atmospheric constituent to the spectral values of $X_{C}/X_{He}/X_{O}$ = 50/33/17. The core compositions are from white dwarf models at highest $T_{eff}$ evolved by \texttt{MESA}. The eigenfrequencies are calculated and used to fit the observed modes. Based on 264.1 hours of photometric observations on PG 1159-035, Winget et al. identified 125 individual frequencies. Costa et al. identified 198 pulsation modes for PG 1159-035 according to the WET photometric data from 1983, 1985, 1989, and 2002. Both of them derived frequency splitting values of $δσ_{l=1}$ $\sim$ 4.2\,$μ$Hz and $δσ_{l=2}$ $\sim$ 6.9\,$μ$Hz. According to the values of $δσ_{l=1}$ and $δσ_{l=2}$, 20 triplets and 9 quintuplets are selected and used to constrain the fitting models. Our optimal model has $T_{eff}$ = 129000\,K, $M_{*}$ = 0.63\,$M_{\odot}$, log$g$ = 7.59, log($M_{\rm env}/M_{*}$) = -5.0, and $σ_{RMS}$ = 1.97\,s. The values of $T_{eff}$ and log$g$ are consistent with that values of Córsico et al.. The calculated modes of minimum rate of period change correspond to modes with maximum kinetic energy distributed in the envelope. The observed rates of period change with positive and negative values can also be partially reproduced. In particular, there are negative rates of period change for the calculated modes from our optimal model, which is not found in previous work.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, 8 tables, accepted by MNRAS 2019 July 1
Understanding The Impact of Offshore Wind Energy Development on Beach Trip Demand to the Coast of North Carolina
Creators: name: Harker, Amanda
name: Landry, Craig
name: Bergstrom, John
name: Harker, Amanda
name: Landry, Craig
name: Bergstrom, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Since the OPEC oil embargo of the 1970’s, U.S. energy policy has been increasingly concentrated on the advancement of domestic renewable energy resources. In order to reduce environmental impacts, promote energy security, and provide energy for an ever-growing population the U.S. has started to transition away from conventional fossil fuels and push forward towards the use of renewables. According to the Energy Information Administration (2015), the production and consumption of one renewable resource in particular, wind energy, has experienced a substantial increase over the past decade. Wind energy is often favored due to its inexhaustible nature, capacity to produce zero greenhouse gas emissions, positive impact on local job growth, and overall cost effectiveness. However, proponents of wind energy are frequently averse to the construction of turbines due to inadequate available land, possible decreases in property values generated by increased noise levels, impaired visual aesthetics, and the intermittence of the wind resource. The objective of our study is to estimate changes in economic welfare resulting from offshore wind farm expansion in coastal North Carolina. Specifically we estimate a fixed effects negative binomial model using a combination of both revealed and stated preference data.
Neutrino Wave Packets in Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Giunti, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model of neutrino oscillations in the framework of quantum field theory in which the propagating neutrino and the particles participating to the production and detection processes are described by wave packets. The neutrino state is a superposition of massive neutrino wave packets determined by the production process, as naturally expected from causality. We show that the energies and momenta of the massive neutrino components relevant for neutrino oscillations are in general different from the average energies and momenta of the propagating massive neutrino wave packets, because of the effects of the detection process. Our results confirm the correctness of the standard expression for the oscillation length of extremely relativistic neutrinos and the existence of a coherence length.
description: 25 pages
Additional file 2 of Effect of differences in extubation timing on postoperative pneumonia following meningioma resection: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Guo, Minna
name: Shi, Yan
name: Gao, Jian
name: Yu, Min
name: Liu, Cunming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.