cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Theoretical Investigation of Structural, Electronic Properties and Half-Metallic Ferromagnetism in Ti doped CaS
Creators: name: Ziati, Meryem
name: Ez-Zahraouy, Hamid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this research paper, we investigated the structural, electronic, and magnetic features of titanium atom substituting calciumatom in rock salt structure of CaS to explore the new dilute magnetic semiconductor compounds. The calculations are carried out using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method based on spin-polarized density functional theory, implemented in WIEN2k code. The generalized gradient approximation and Tran-Balaha modified Becke-Johnson exchange potential. The stability of Ti doped CaS in ferromagnetic state is provided by the total energy released from the optimized structures and defect formation energies. The classical model of Heisenberg is employed to estimate Curie temperature of these compounds. It is found that the room temperature ferromagnetism is achieved at low concentrations. The studied materials exhibit half metallic ferromagnetic demeanor. The half metallic gaps (GHM) are the extremely significant factors to consider for spintronic applications. The insertion of impurity significantly decreased the value of GHM due the broadening of 3d Ti states in the gap of the minority spin. Furthermore, to evaluate the effects of the exchange splitting process, the pd exchange splitting and the exchange constants are predicted.
The role of impact parameter in typical close galaxy flybys
Creators: name: Mitrašinović, A.
name: Micic, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Close galaxy flybys, interactions during which two galaxies inter-penetrate, are frequent and can significantly affect the evolution of individual galaxies. Equal-mass flybys are extremely rare and almost exclusively distant, while frequent flybys have mass ratios 0.1 or lower, with a secondary galaxy penetrating deep into the primary. This can result in comparable strengths of interaction S between the two classes of flybys and lead to essentially the same effects. To demonstrate this, emphasize and explore the role of the impact parameter $b$, we performed a series of N-body simulations of flybys with varying relative $b$ ranging from 0.114 to 0.272 of the virial radius of the primary. Two-armed spirals form during flybys, with radii of origin correlated with $b$ and strengths well approximated with an inverted S-curve. The impact parameter does not affect the shape of induced spirals, and the lifetimes of a distinguished spiral structure appear to be constant, 2 Gyr. Bars, with strengths anti-correlated with $b$, form after the encounter is over in simulations with interaction strengths $S\geq0.076$, but they are short-lived except for the stronger ones with $S\geq0.129$. We showcase an occurrence of double bar that survives for a long time in one of the simulations. Effects on the pre-existing bar instability are diverse. There is no uniform correlation between these effects and $b$, as they are secondary effects, happening later in a post-flyby stage. Bulges are resilient to flybys, while dark matter halos can significantly spin up in the amount anti-correlated with $b$. There is an offset angle between the angular momentum vector of the dark matter halo and that of a disc, and it correlates linearly with b. Flybys remain an important pathway for structural evolution within galaxies in the local Universe.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in PASA
An Extreme-Adaptive Time Series Prediction Model Based on Probability-Enhanced LSTM Neural Networks
Creators: name: Li, Yanhong
name: Xu, Jack
name: Anastasiu, David C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Forecasting time series with extreme events has been a challenging and prevalent research topic, especially when the time series data are affected by complicated uncertain factors, such as is the case in hydrologic prediction. Diverse traditional and deep learning models have been applied to discover the nonlinear relationships and recognize the complex patterns in these types of data. However, existing methods usually ignore the negative influence of imbalanced data, or severe events, on model training. Moreover, methods are usually evaluated on a small number of generally well-behaved time series, which does not show their ability to generalize. To tackle these issues, we propose a novel probability-enhanced neural network model, called NEC+, which concurrently learns extreme and normal prediction functions and a way to choose among them via selective back propagation. We evaluate the proposed model on the difficult 3-day ahead hourly water level prediction task applied to 9 reservoirs in California. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model significantly outperforms state-of-the-art baselines and exhibits superior generalization ability on data with diverse distributions.
description: Data and code available at https://github.com/davidanastasiu/NECPlus. Paper accepted to AAAI 2023
Renormalization group analysis of a self-organized critical system: Intrinsic anisotropy vs random environment
Creators: name: Antonov, N. V.
name: Kakin, P. I.
name: Lebedev, N. M.
name: Luchin, A. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a self-organized critical system coupled to an isotropic random fluid environment. The former is described by a strongly anisotropic continuous (coarse-grained) model introduced by Hwa and Kardar [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 62} 1813 (1989); Phys. Rev. A {\bf 45} 7002 (1992)]; the latter is described by the stirred Navier--Stokes equation due to Forster, Nelson and Stephen [Phys. Rev. A {\bf 16} 732 (1977)]. The full problem of two coupled stochastic equations is represented as a field theoretic model, which is shown to be multiplicatively renormalizable. The corresponding renormalization group equations possess a semi-infinite curve of fixed points in the four-dimensional space of the model parameters. The whole curve is infrared attractive for realistic values of parameters; its endpoint corresponds to the purely isotropic regime where the original Hwa-Kardar nonlinearity becomes irrelevant. There, one is left with a simple advection of a passive scalar field by the external environment. The main critical dimensions are calculated to the leading one-loop order (first terms in the $\varepsilon=4-d$ expansion); some of them are appear to be exact in all orders. They remain the same along that curve, which makes it reasonable to interpret it as a single universality class. However, the correction exponents do vary along the curve. It is therefore not clear whether the curve survives in all orders of the renormalization group expansion or shrinks to a single point when the higher-order corrections are taken into account.
Optically induced spin electromotive force in ferromagnetic-semiconductor quantum well structure
Creators: name: Rozhansky, Igor V.
name: Kalitukha, Ina V.
name: Dimitriev, Grigorii S.
name: Ken, Olga S.
name: Dorokhin, Mikhail V.
name: Zvonkov, Boris N.
name: Arteev, Dmitri S.
name: Averkiev, Nikita S.
name: Korenev, Vladimir L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hybrid structures combining ferromagnetic (FM) and semiconductor constituents have great potential for future applications in the field of spintronics. A systematic approach to study spin-dependent transport in the GaMnAs/GaAs/InGaAs quantum well (QW) hybrid structure with a few nanometer thick GaAs barrier is developed. It is demonstrated that a combination of spin electromotive force measurements and photoluminescence detection provides a powerful tool for studying the properties of such hybrid structures and allows to resolve the dynamic FM proximity effect on a nanometer scale. The method can be generalized on various systems including rapidly developing 2D van der Waals materials.
title: An Evaluation of the Collegiate Experience of the USU Student
Creators: name: Christensen, Mark G.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1970

description: The American College Testing Program's Institutional Self-Study Survey was used in this study to consider USU students' goals, achievements, and evaluations of their collegiate experience. Goals included were students' educational majors, vocational plans, final college degree sought, and the relative importance attached to attaining Vocational, Academic, Social, and Non-Conventional goals. Achievements studied were both intellectual and nonacademic out-of-class accomplishments, and students' perceived progress in achieving Intellectual-Humanistic, Group-Welfare, Scientific-Independent, and Practical-status outcomes of their collegiate experience. Student evaluations of instructors, college services, selected policies, practices, facilities, and required courses were also studied. National normative data were compared with USU data in all areas of the study. Compared with the national norms, USU student goals were found to be directed toward attaining specific vocational skills and less toward postgraduate training. USU students were generally found to have more achievements in both intellectual and non-academic areas. They rated college services, rules governing students, and academic facilities highly; instructors comparable to other universities; and cultural programs and recreational facilities relatively low.
Tidal disruption events and quasi periodic eruptions
Creators: name: Webb, Natalie A.
name: Barret, Didier
name: Godet, Olivier
name: Gupta, Maitrayee
name: Lin, Dacheng
name: Quintin, Erwan
name: Tranin, Hugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tidal disruption events (TDEs) occur when a star passes close to a massive black hole, so that the tidal forces of the black hole exceed the binding energy of a star and cause it to be ripped apart. Part of the matter will fall onto the black hole, causing a strong increase in the luminosity. Such events are often seen in the optical or the X-ray (or both) or even at other wavelengths such as in the radio, where the diversity of observed emission is still poorly understood. The XMM-Newton catalogue of approximately a million X-ray detections covering 1283$^2$ degrees of sky contains a number of these events. Here I will show the diverse nature of a number of TDEs discovered in the catalogue and discuss their relationship with quasi periodic eruptions.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, accepted version for the proceedings of the 'Black Hole Accretion Under the X-ray Microscope' Meeting held at ESAC in June 2022. Publisher : Astronomische Nachrichten
Interpretations of the Web of Data
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Marko A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.4; G.2.2; D.1.5

description: The emerging Web of Data utilizes the web infrastructure to represent and interrelate data. The foundational standards of the Web of Data include the Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) and the Resource Description Framework (RDF). URIs are used to identify resources and RDF is used to relate resources. While RDF has been posited as a logic language designed specifically for knowledge representation and reasoning, it is more generally useful if it can conveniently support other models of computing. In order to realize the Web of Data as a general-purpose medium for storing and processing the world's data, it is necessary to separate RDF from its logic language legacy and frame it simply as a data model. Moreover, there is significant advantage in seeing the Semantic Web as a particular interpretation of the Web of Data that is focused specifically on knowledge representation and reasoning. By doing so, other interpretations of the Web of Data are exposed that realize RDF in different capacities and in support of different computing models.
Starting inflation from inhomogeneous initial conditions with momentum
Creators: name: Corman, Maxence
name: East, William E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the circumstances under which cosmic inflation can arise from very inhomogeneous initial conditions using numerical relativity simulations. Previous studies have not considered cases with non-zero momentum density due to technical challenges with solving the coupled Einstein constraint equations. Here we address these, introducing and comparing several different ways of constructing cosmological initial conditions with inhomogeneous scalar field and time derivative profiles. We evolve such initial conditions with large inhomogeneities in both single- and two-field inflationary models. We study cases where the initial gradient and kinetic energy are much larger than the inflationary energy scale, and black holes can form, as well as cases where the initial scalar potential energy is comparable, as in scenarios where inflation occurs at nearly Planckian densities, finding large-field inflation to be generally robust. We consider examples of initial conditions where a large scalar field velocity towards non-inflationary values would prevent inflation from occurring in the homogeneous case, finding that the addition of large gradients in the scalar field can actually dilute this effect, with the increased expansion and non-vanishing restoring force leading to inflation.
description: 28 pages,10 figures,changed to match JCAP version
Plasma density profile reconstruction of a gas cell for Ionization Induced Laser Wakefield Acceleration
Creators: name: Filippi, F.
name: Dickson, L. T.
name: Backhouse, M.
name: Forestier-Colleoni, P.
name: Gustafsson, C.
name: Cobo, C.
name: Ballage, C.
name: Dufrénoy, S. Dobosz
name: Löfquist, E.
name: Maynard, G.
name: Murphy, C. D.
name: Najmudin, Z.
name: Panza, F.
name: Persson, A.
name: Scisciò, M.
name: Vasilovici, O.
name: Lundh, O.
name: Cros, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser-driven plasma wakefields can provide hundreds of MeV electron beam in mm-range distances potentially shrinking the dimension of the actual particle accelerators. The plasma density plays a fundamental role in the control and stability of the acceleration process, which is a key development for the future electron injector proposed by EuPRAXIA. A gas cell was designed by LPGP and LIDYL teams, with variable length and backing pressure, to confine the gas and tailor the gas density profile before the arrival of the laser. This cell was used during an experimental campaign with the multi TW-class laser at the Lund Laser Centre. Ionization assisted injection in a tailored density profile is used to tune the electron beam properties. During the experiment, we filled the gas cell with hydrogen mixed with different concentration of nitrogen. We also varied the backing pressure of the gas and the geometrical length of the gas cell. We used a transverse probe to acquire shadowgraphic images of the plasma and to measure the plasma electron density. Methods and results of the analysis with comparisons between shadowgraphic and interferometric images will be discussed.
description: Approved by JINST
GALEX Ultraviolet Imaging of Dwarf Galaxies and Star Formation
Creators: name: Hunter, Deidre A.
name: Elmegreen, Bruce G.
name: Ludka, Bonnie C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ultraviolet integrated and azimuthally-averaged surface photometric properties of a sample of 44 dIm, BCD, and Sm galaxies measured from archival NUV and FUV images obtained with GALEX. We compare the UV to Halpha and V-band properties and convert FUV, Halpha, and V-band luminosities into star formation rates (SFRs). We also model the star formation history from colors and compare the integrated SFRs and SFR profiles with radius for these methods. In most galaxies, the UV photometry extends beyond Halpha in radius, providing a better measure of the star formation activity in the outer disks. The Halpha appears to be lacking in the outer disk because of faintness in low density gas. The FUV and V-band profiles are continuous with radius, although they sometimes have a kink from a double exponential disk. There is no obvious difference in star formation properties between the inner and outer disks. No disk edges have been observed, even to stellar surface densities as low as 0.1 Msun/pc2 and star formation rates as low as 10^{-4} Msun/yr/kpc2. Galaxies with low HI to luminosity ratios have relatively low FUV compared to V-band emission in the outer parts, suggesting a cessation of star formation there. Galaxies with relatively high HI apparently have fluctuating star formation with a Gyr timescale.
description: 28 pages, 22 figures, 7 tables, to be published in Astronomical Journal
Canting angle behavior of magnetic moments in Y- substituted Tb2BaNiO5 and its relevance for magnetoelectric coupling
Creators: name: Kumar, Ram
name: Rayaprol, S.
name: Hoser, A.
name: Sampathkumaran, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Haldane-spin chain compound, Tb2BaNiO5, has been known to be an exotic multiferroic system, exhibiting antiferromagnetic anomalies at T_N1= 63 K and T_N2= 25 K, with ferroelectricity appearing below T_N2 only. Previous reports in addition established that, interestingly, Tb ions play a direct and decisive role to lead to multiferroic properties with a critical canting angle of magnetic moments, unlike other well-known multiferroics. Here, we report the results of temperature dependent neutron powder diffraction studies on Tb_2-x Y_x BaNiO_5, to get an insight into the critical canting angle for multiferroic behavior. While multiferroic transition temperature decreases linearly with Y concentration, there is an abrupt drop of relative canting angle (of Tb and Ni magnetic moments) with respect to that in parent compound for an initial substitution ofx = 0.5 in the multiferroic region, without any notable change thereafter. We therefore infer that this critical canting angle is made up of two components - cooperative (long-range) and local (short-range) contributions.
Measuring Intention to Purchase Innovative Personal Health Assistant Services of Hypertension Patients in A Private Hospital in Bangkok
Creators: name: Chittinat Thaummachod
Publisher: name: Assumption University Press
Year: 2023
Subjects: Perceived Service Quality
Word of Mouth
Patient Satisfaction
Purchase Intention
Health Assistant Services

description: AU-GSB e-Journal, 16, 2, 48-56
title: Attitude Toward the American Political System of Thai Students Attending Utah State University
Creators: name: Rojanapornpant, Thira
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1970

description: The purpose of this research was to measure the attitudes of Thai students at Utah State University toward the American political system, favorably or unfavorably.
The method of this study was an opinion or attitude survey. Copies of the questionnaires were personally delivered to and collected from Thai students by the writer. Ninety-four questionnaires or 97.92 percent of the total ninety-six were returned
The conclusion of this study indicated that: Thai students' attitudes toward the American political system were more favorable than unfavorable. Moreover, the period of time spent in the United States caused little difference in change of their attitude. The respondents absolutely do not desire to change the Thai political system to the American system although they thought well of the American system.
Asymptotic Large Deviations of Counting Statistics in Open Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Liu, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a semi-Markov process method to calculate large deviations of counting statistics for three open quantum systems, including a resonant two-level system and resonant three-level systems in the $Λ$- and $V$-configurations. In the first two systems, radical solutions to the scaled cumulant generating functions are obtained. Although this is impossible in the third system, since a general sixth-degree polynomial equation is present, we still obtain asymptotically large deviations of the complex system. Our results show that, in these open quantum systems, the large deviation rate functions at zero current are equal to two times the largest nonzero real parts of the eigenvalues of operator $-{\rm i}\hat H$, where $\hat H$ is a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian, while at a large current, these functions possess a unified formula.
description: 5 figures
Solutions to the wave equation for commuting flows of dispersionless PDEs
Creators: name: Manganaro, Natale
name: Rizzo, Alessandra
name: Vergallo, Pierandrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the viewpoint of integrable systems, we study commuting flows of 2-component quasilinear equations, reducing to investigate the solutions of the wave equation with non-constant speed. In this paper, we apply the reduction procedure of differential constraints to obtain a complete set of solutions of such an equation for some fixed velocities a^2(u,v). As a result, we present some examples of Hamiltonian integrable systems (as the shallow water equations) with relative symmetries, conserved quantities and solutions.
Sodium activity measurements in the sodium-aluminium system
Creators: name: Mitchell, John Christopher
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Sodium activity data has been obtained for the sodium - aluminum system for sodium concentrations in aluminum between N[subscript Na] = 25 x 10-⁶ and 75 x 10-⁶. Additional data has allowed the calculation of activity data up to N[subscript Na] = 300 x 10-⁶. The concentration interval N[subscript Na] = 25 x 10-⁶ to 300 x 10-⁶ encompasses those sodium concentrations normally found in commercial pot-line operation. The sodium activity data has been collected by using a two-phase distribution equilibration of sodium between a lead-rich and an aluminum-rich phase. The sodium-lead system was used as a reference for the determination of the activity of sodium. The sodium exhibits large positive deviations from ideality in the sodium-aluminum system. The sodium activity shows a strong dependence on the sodium concentration of the aluminum phase for sodium concentrations below N[subscript Na] = 100 x 10-⁶. The activity data for aluminum in the sodium-aluminum system has been obtained by the Gibbs - Duhem integration of the sodium activity data. The data for the aluminum indicates that the activity of aluminum can be considered equal to its mole fraction over the entire range of miscibility of the sodium-aluminum system.
Numerical Study of Current-Induced Domain-Wall Dynamics: Crossover from Spin Transfer to Momentum Transfer
Creators: name: Matsubayashi, Daisuke
name: Udagawa, Masafumi
name: Ogata, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study current-induced dynamics of a magnetic domain wall by solving a time-dependent Schrödinger equation combined with Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation in a one-dimensional electron system coupled to localized spins. Two types of domain-wall motions are observed depending on the hard-axis anisotropy, $K_{\perp}$, of the localized spin system. For small values of $K_{\perp}$, the magnetic domain wall shows a streaming motion driven by spin transfer. In contrast, for large values of $K_{\perp}$, a stick-slip motion driven by momentum transfer is obtained. We clarify the origin of these characters of domain-wall motions in terms of the dynamics of one-particle energy levels and distribution functions.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, revised version
title: Implications of Tort Liability in Utah and Physical Educators Understanding of Their Liability
Creators: name: Louder, Eldon C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1969

description: The Utah Tort Liability law was defined and a teacher understanding of the law and their liability was determined.
Physical Education teachers do not have a good knowledge of the state's liability law, nor are they aware of the liability they are open to.
Where opportunity was afforded, teachers were anxious to place the responsibility for their actions on someone of a higher position. This could be attributed to the fact that district and state administrators have not made an awareness of our new law.
The area of liability least understood is inadequate use of professional knowledge and skills. Sending a boy into a ball game not recognizing he has an injury, or letting a student participate With a letter of permission from home when it is obvious that he should not be allowed to participate are examples.
Teachers do seem to be aware of safety practices and the need to make students more aware of them; however, their reluctance to accept liability for neglecting to follow those practices would tend to overshadow the response to this section.
Physical educators must become more and more aware of the safety of pupils and provide the necessary supervision to make this possible.
Much more confidence and discretion needs to be employed in making professional decisions; and if the teacher's knowledge doesn't merit a decision, then additional professional advice should be sought when a student's well-being is in danger.
Hard TeV Gamma-Ray Afterglows of Nearby GRB 190829A as a Tentative Signature of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays Accelerated in Gamma-Ray Burst Jets
Creators: name: Huang, Jian-Kun
name: Huang, Xiao-Li
name: Cheng, Ji-Gui
name: Ren, Jia
name: Zhang, Lu-Lu
name: Liang, En-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed hard TeV gamma-ray spectrum of the nearby gamma-ray burst (GRB) 190829A may challenge the conventional leptonic GRB afterglow model. It has been proposed that an ultra-high-energy (UHE; $\varepsilon^{'}_{\rm p}\sim 10^{20}$ eV) proton population can be pre-accelerated by internal shocks in GRB jets. We study possible signatures of the UHE protons embedded in the TeV afterglows when they escape the afterglow fireball. We show that the leptonic model can represent the observed multiwavelength lightcurves and spectral energy distributions of GRB 190829A by considering the uncertainties of the model parameters. Attributing the TeV gamma-ray afterglows to the emission of both the electron self-Compton scattering process and the UHE proton synchrotron radiations in the afterglow fireball, we obtain tentative upper limits of $\log_{10} \varepsilon_{\rm p}^{\prime}/{\rm eV}\sim 20.46$ and $\log_{10}E_{\rm p, total}/{\rm erg}\leq 50.75$, where $E_{\rm p, total}$ is the total energy of the proton population. The synchrotron radiations of the UHE protons should dominate the early TeV gamma-ray afterglows, implying that early observations are critical for revealing the UHE proton population.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for Publication in ApJ
title: A Survey of the Cedar City High School graduates Who have Taken the One-Year Gregg Shorthand Course
Creators: name: Webster, Richard Manning
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1969

description: Statement of Purpose: The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to ascertain the value of the training received in the one-year shorthand program at the Cedar City High School, Cedar City, Utah, as indicated by the graduates of the program; and (2) to suggest ways in which the Cedar City High School business education department may improve the curricula insofar as the one-year shorthand program is concerned.
Methods and Sources Used: A follow-up study in the form of a survey was made of the graduates of Cedar City High School who participated in the one-year shorthand program. Permission to perform the study was obtained from the school administration, and names of participants were taken from the school records. A questionnaire containing pertinent information was sent to each graduate participating in the program during the years 1959-1960 and 1965-1966. The responses of each were compiled as a part of this thesis.
Summary of Findings: After graduating from the vocational shorthand program, students are finding jobs which require little or no shorthand skill. With 29 out of 76 graduates finding employment in which they can use their shorthand skill, a great deal of information and sources need to be made available to students concerning shorthand job opportunities.
Thirty of the graduates made an effort to strengthen their shorthand skills in business college, junior college, and university programs. Sixty-two (72 per cent) of the responding graduates indicated a lower ability level in shorthand than they had attained in high school. Students may not be aware of the educational opportunities available in the community in which they can refresh their shorthand skills.
The stenographic office practice course is not used to provide practice in dictation and transcription. Sixty per cent of the graduates were allowed to skip this valuable part of the course in which reinforcement of shorthand skills can be accomplished. Evidently, students would rather take other courses in the school curriculum than continue with the advised shorthand program.
Students do not seem to be developing high rates of transcription speeds because of the limited time available in which the skill is taught, learned, and developed. Evidently dictation and transcription skills are taught and learned as separate activities instead of as a fusion of both. The low proficiency demonstrated in transcription activities (18 to 25 words a minute ) may indicate the need for a fused program.
Uuel aastal edukamalt
Creators: name: Sinisalu, Väino
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2004

description: Ajakirja “uus projekt” alustab oma viiendat  tegutsemisaastat. Võrreldes alguega  2000.  aastal  on meil  nüüd  nii  autoreid  kui  lugejaid  oluliselt  enam.  Sel  aastal ulatub ajakirja tellijate arv 4000 piirimaile – suurem osa Eestimaa arste tellib ja loodeavasti  ka  loeb  ajakirja. Rohkelt  laekub  heatasemelisi  kaastöid. Nende  kiire  avaldamisega  on  toimetusel  paiguti  raskusi,  sest  ajakirja  mahtu  on praegu  raske  suurendada – eelkõige on selle põhjuseks rahanappus.
description: Eesti Arst, Jaanuar 2004
Enhancement of the Magnetocaloric Effect in Geometrically Frustrated Cluster Spin Glass Systems
Creators: name: Zimmer, F. M.
name: Mourao, R.
name: Schmidt, M.
name: Tumelero, M. A.
name: Magalhaes, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we theoretically demonstrate that a strong enhancement of the Magnetocaloric Effect is achieved in geometrically frustrated cluster spin-glass systems just above the freezing temperature. We consider a network of clusters interacting randomly which have triangular structure composed of Ising spins interacting antiferromagnetically. The intercluster disorder problem is treated using a cluster spin glass mean-field theory, which allows exact solution of the disordered problem. The intracluster part can be solved using exact enumeration. The coupling between the inter and intracluster problem incorporates the interplay between effects coming from geometric frustration and disorder. As a result, it is shown that there is the onset of cluster spin glass phase even with very weak disorder. Remarkably, it is exactly within a range of very weak disorder and small magnetic field that is observed the strongest isothermal release of entropy.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures. Provisionally accepted in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
Lithospheric Structure of Venusian Crustal Plateaus
Creators: name: Maia, Julia S.
name: Wieczorek, Mark A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crustal plateaus are Venusian highlands characterized by tectonized terrains. It is commonly interpreted that their topography is isostatically supported and that they represent fossils of an extinct tectonic regime. Using gravity and topography we perform a comprehensive investigation of the lithospheric structure of six crustal plateaus. We computed the admittance (gravity to topography wavelength-dependent ratio) for each region and compared them to modeled admittances. Three compensation scenarios were tested: Airy isostasy, a surface-loading flexural model, and a flexural model with surface and subsurface loads. Our results show that the topography of most plateaus is supported by crustal thickening and that the addition of a mantle support component is not necessary at the investigated wavelengths. The elastic thickness was constrained to be less than 35 km with a best-fitting average of 15 km, confirming that these regions are consistent with an isostatic regime. The average crustal thickness of the plateaus ranges from 15 to 34 km, and if they are in Airy isostasy, this implies that the global average crustal thickness of Venus is about 20 km. Phoebe Regio is the sole exception of our analysis in that crustal thicknesses that are compatible with the other plateaus are obtained only when a buoyant layer is included. Heat flow estimations computed from the elastic thickness indicate that the plateaus formed under higher heat flow conditions compared to the current global average and could have caused localized melting. Present-day heat flow predictions suggest that eclogitization could occur where the crust is thickest.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures
Study of Embedded Class-I Fluid Spheres in $f(R,T)$ Gravity with Karmarkar Condition
Creators: name: Asghar, Zoya
name: Shamir, M. Farasat
name: Usman, Ammara
name: Malik, Adnan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we explore some emerging properties of the stellar objects in the frame of the $f(R,T)$ gravity by employing the well-known Karmarkar condition, where $R$ and $T$ represent Ricci scalar and trace of energy momentum tensor respectively. It is worthy to highlight here that we assume the exponential type model of $f(R,T)$ theory of gravity $f(R,T)=R+α(e^{-βR}-1)+γT$ along with the matter Lagrangian $\mathcal{L}_{m}=-\frac{1}{3}(p_{r}+2 p_{t})$ to classify the complete set of modified field equations. We demonstrate the embedded class-I technique by using the static spherically symmetric line element along with anisotropic fluid matter distribution. Further, to achieve our goal, we consider a specific expression of metric potential $g_{rr}$, already presented in literature, and proceed by using the Karmarkar condition to obtain the second metric potential. In particular, we use four different compact stars, namely $LMC~X-4,$ $EXO~1785-248,$ $Cen~X-3$ and $4U~1820-30$ and compute the corresponding values of the unknown parameters appearing in metric potentials. Moreover, we conduct various physical evolutions such as graphical nature of energy density and pressure progression, energy constraints, mass function, adiabatic index, stability and equilibrium conditions to ensure the viability and consistency of our proposed model. Our analysis indicates that the obtained anisotropic outcomes are physically acceptable with the finest degree of accuracy.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication in Chinese Journal of Physics
Determination of 2beta_s in B_s -> J/psi K^+ K^- Decays in the Presence of a K^+K^- S-Wave Contribution
Creators: name: Xie, Yuehong
name: Clarke, Peter
name: Cowan, Greig
name: Muheim, Franz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the complete differential decay rates for the process B_s -> J/psi K^+ K^- including S-wave and P-wave angular momentum states for the K^+ K^- meson pair. We examine the effect of an S-wave component on the determination of the CP violating phase 2beta_s. Data from the B-factories indicate that an S-wave component of about 10% may be expected in the phi(1020) resonance region. We find that if this contribution is ignored in the analysis it could cause a bias in the measured value of 2beta_s towards zero of the order of 10%. When including the K^+K^- S-wave component we observe an increase in the statistical error on 2beta_s by less than 15%. We also point out the possibility of measuring the sign of cos2beta_s by using the interference between the K^+K^- S-wave and P-wave amplitudes to resolve the strong phase ambiguity. We conclude that the S-wave component can be properly taken into account in the analysis.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Effects of large-scale magnetic fields on the observed composition of ultra high-energy cosmic rays
Creators: name: Owen, Ellis R.
name: Han, Qin
name: Wu, Kinwah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra high-energy (UHE) cosmic rays (CRs) from distant sources interact with intergalactic radiation fields, leading to their spallation and attenuation. They are also deflected in intergalactic magnetic fields (IGMFs), particularly those associated with Mpc-scale structures. These deflections extend the propagation times of CR particles, forming a magnetic horizon for each CR species. The cumulative cooling and interactions of a CR ensemble also modifies their spectral shape and composition observed on Earth. We construct a transport formulation to calculate the observed UHE CR spectral composition for 4 classes of source population. The effects on CR propagation brought about by IGMFs are modeled as scattering processes during transport, by centers associated with cosmic filaments. Our calculations demonstrate that IGMFs can have a marked effect on observed UHE CRs, and that source population models are degenerate with IGMF properties. Interpretation of observations, including the endorsement or rejection of any particular source classes, thus needs careful consideration of the structural properties and evolution of IGMFs. Future observations providing tighter constraints on IGMF properties will significantly improve confidence in assessing UHE CR sources and their intrinsic CR production properties.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Hinnang 6- ja 10–12päevase sanatoorse ravi toimele osteoartroosi ning reumatoidartriidi haigetel
Creators: name: Vaht, Mai
name: Birkenfeldt, Reinhold
Publisher: name: OÜ Celsius Healthcare
Year: 2004
Subjects: osteoartroos, reumatoidartriit, sanatoorne ravi

description: Eestis  on  pikaaegne  kuurortravi  traditsioon. Kuurortraviga  on  saadud  häid  tulemusi reumaatiliste haiguste ravimisel. Viimasel aastakümnel on 3–4nädalane ravi asendunud peamiselt  6-, harvem  10–12päevase  raviga. Uuringus hinnati  6päevase  sanatoorse  ravi tõhusust  Eesti  sanatoorsetes  raviasutustes  osteoartroosi, spondüloosi  ja reumatoidartriidi haigetel ning võrreldi seda 10–12päevase ravi tulemustega. Selgus, et kompleksne  ravi  Eesti  sanatoorsetes  raviasutustes,  sealhulgas  6päevane  ravikuur,  on hea efektiga osteoartroosi, spondüloosi ja reumatoidartriidi korral, vähendades valu ja parandades liigeste funktsiooni ning haigete elukvaliteeti.
description: Eesti Arst, Jaanuar 2004
title: Simulation as a Technique for Evaluating Water in Competing Uses
Creators: name: DeTray, Dennis Norman
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1967

description: This thesis is a methodological study of a technique of analysis known as simulation, with special reference to developing economic-cum-hydrologic models of complex real world water resource systems.
It is the eventual goal of this project to develop a complete economic and hydrologic computer model of Cache County, Utah, to further test the applicability of simulation to water resource problems. Although no modeling is carried out, Cache County is used as a foundation for judging the technique within this thesis.
Of the several approaches to simulation which were reviewed, Forrester's (1961) methods, and the use of DYNAMO as a simulation compiler were selected as being the most applicable t o the Cache County project.
Although simulation techniques and computer modeling are still in the developing stage, they would seem to have considerable advantages, especially in tracing secondary benefits, over more conventional techniques of analysis. Certainly the potential advantages are great enough to make further development of this technique well justified.
Resonant states of open quantum systems
Creators: name: Hatano, Naomichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We first show that quantum resonant states observe particle number conservation and hence are consistent with the probabilistic interpretation of quantum mechanics. We then present for a class of quantum open systems, a resonant-state expansion of the sum of the retarded and advanced Green's functions. The expansion is given purely in terms of all discrete eigenstates and does not contain any background integrals. Using the expansion, we argue that the Fano asymmetry of resonance peaks is interpreted as interference between discrete eigenstates. We microscopically derive the Fano parameters for several cases.
description: 19 pages, to be published in Progress of Theoretical Physics, Supplement
First Detection of the Powerful Gamma Ray Burst GRB221009A by the THEMIS ESA and SST particle detectors on October 9, 2022
Creators: name: Agapitov, O. V.
name: Balikhin, M.
name: Hull, A. J.
name: Hobara, Y.
name: Angelopoulos, V.
name: Mozer, F. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results study of the effects of the powerful Gamma Ray Burst GRB 221009A that occurred on October 9, 2022, and was serendipitously recorded by electron and proton detectors aboard the four spacecraft of the NASA THEMIS mission. Long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are powerful cosmic explosions, signaling the death of massive stars, and, among them, GRB 221009A is so far the brightest burst ever observed due to its enormous energy ($E_{γiso}\sim10^{55}$ erg) and proximity (the redshift is $z\sim 0.1505$). The THEMIS mission launched in 2008 was designed to study the plasma processes in the Earth's magnetosphere and the solar wind. The particle flux measurements from the two inner magnetosphere THEMIS probes THA and THE and ARTEMIS spacecraft THB and THC orbiting the Moon captured the dynamics of GRB 221009A with a high-time resolution of more than 20 measurements per second. This allowed us to resolve the fine structure of the gamma-ray burst and determine the temporal scales of the two main bursts spiky structure complementing the results from gamma-ray space telescopes and detectors.
Electroweak corrections to $g+g\to H_{l,h}$ and $H_{l,h}\toγ+γ$ in the Higgs-singlet extension of the Standard model
Creators: name: Sturm, Christian
name: Summ, Benjamin
name: Uccirati, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the next-to-leading order electroweak corrections for Higgs-boson production in gluon fusion and the Higgs-boson decay into two photons or gluons in the real Higgs-singlet extension of the Standard model (HSESM). For the light Higgs-boson of the HSESM the electroweak corrections for these processes are of the same order of magnitude as in the Standard model. For the heavy Higgs-boson of the HSESM the electroweak corrections can become large depending on the considered scenario.
description: 31 pages, 11 figures
Semiclassical approximations of photoabsorption cross sections beyond the continuum threshold
Creators: name: Toulouse, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop semiclassical approximations for calculating photoabsorption cross sections beyond the continuum threshold in quantum many-body systems. These approximations use the fully quantum-mechanical Wigner function of the ground state and semiclassical expansions only for the part of the cross section depending on the continuum states, thus avoiding the difficult explicit calculation of the continuum states. Even though the approach is general, we test it in electronic-structure theory for the photoionization cross sections of the hydrogen and helium atoms. The results suggest that these semiclassical approximations can be used to obtain good estimates of cross sections at high energy.