cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Inostemma hispo Walker 1838
Creators: name: Buhl, Peter N.
name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Platygastridae
Inostemma
Inostemma hispo

description: Inostemma hispo Walker, 1838
England: Hampshire, Hayling Island, near golf course, 1 female, 10 June 1982, Brown, R.G. (BMNH).
Recorded from Ireland by Walker (1838).
description: Published as part of Buhl, Peter N. & Notton, David G., 2009, A revised catalogue of the Platygastridae of the British Isles (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea), pp. 1651-1703 in Journal of Natural History 43 (27 - 28) on page 1659, DOI: 10.1080/00222930902993732, http://zenodo.org/record/5216619
Mutual information chain rules for security proofs robust against device imperfections
Creators: name: Arqand, Amir
name: Metger, Tony
name: Tan, Ying Zhe Ernest
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we derive a number of chain rules for mutual information quantities, suitable for analyzing quantum cryptography with imperfect devices that leak additional information to an adversary. First, we derive a chain rule between smooth min-entropy and smooth max-information, which improves over previous chain rules for characterizing one-shot information leakage caused by an additional conditioning register. Second, we derive an ''information bounding theorem'' that bounds the Rényi mutual information of a state produced by a sequence of channels, in terms of the Rényi mutual information of the individual channel outputs, similar to entropy accumulation theorems. In particular, this yields simple bounds on the smooth max-information in the preceding chain rule. Third, we derive chain rules between Rényi entropies and Rényi mutual information, which can be used to modify the entropy accumulation theorem to accommodate leakage registers sent to the adversary in each round of a protocol. We show that these results can be used to handle some device imperfections in a variety of device-dependent and device-independent protocols, such as randomness generation and quantum key distribution.
description: arXiv
MPEC 2024-U17 : COMET C/2024 T3 (PANSTARRS)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: COMET C/2024 T3 (PANSTARRS)

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Role of the interplay between spinodal decomposition and crystal growth in the morphological evolution of crystalline bulk heterojunctions
Creators: name: Ronsin, Olivier J. J.
name: Harting, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stability of organic solar cells is strongly affected by the morphology of the photoactive layers, whose separated crystalline and/or amorphous phases are kinetically quenched far from their thermodynamic equilibrium during the production process. The evolution of these structures during the lifetime of the cell remains poorly understood. In this paper, a phase-field simulation framework is proposed, handling liquid-liquid demixing and polycrystalline growth at the same time in order to investigate the evolution of crystalline immiscible binary systems. We find that initially, the nuclei trigger the spinodal decomposition, while the growing crystals quench the phase coarsening in the amorphous mixture. Conversely, the separated liquid phases guide the crystal growth along the domains of high concentration. It is also demonstrated that with a higher crystallization rate, in the final morphology, single crystals are more structured and form percolating pathways for each material with smaller lateral dimensions.
Vertically stacked monolithic multiband perovskite photodetectors for color-filter-free imaging
Creators: name: Kovalenko, Maksym
name: Tsarev, Sergey
name: Proniakova, Daria
name: Wu, Erfu
name: Matt, Gebhard
name: Sakhatskyi, Kostiantyn
name: Ferraressi, Lorenzo
name: Liu, Xuqi
name: Kothandaraman, Radha
name: Shorubalko, Ivan
name: Fu, Fan
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: Modern color image sensors face challenges in further improving sensitivity and image quality because of inherent limitations in light utilization efficiency1. A significant factor contributing to these limitations is the use of passive optical filters, which absorb and dissipate a substantial amount of light, thereby reducing the efficiency of light capture2. On the contrary, active optical filtering in Foveon-type vertically stacked architectures still struggles to deliver optimal performance due to their lack of color selectivity, making them inefficient for precise color imaging3. Here, we introduce an innovative architecture for color sensor arrays that employ multilayer monolithically stacked lead halide perovskite thin-film photodetectors. Perovskite bandgap tunability4 is utilized to selectively absorb the visible light spectrum's red, green, and blue regions, eliminating the need for color filters. External quantum efficiencies of 50%, 47%, and 53% are demonstrated for the red, green, and blue channels, as well as color accuracy of 4.5 in ΔELab, outperforming state-of-the-art color-filter array and Foveon-type photosensors. The novel image sensor design improves light utilization in color sensors and paves the way for a new generation of highly sensitive, artifact-free images with enhanced color fidelity.
description: Research Square
description: ISSN:2693-5015
DelGrad: Exact event-based gradients in spiking networks for training delays and weights
Creators: name: Göltz, Julian
name: Weber, Jimmy
name: Kriener, Laura
name: Billaudelle, Sebastian
name: Lake, Peter
name: Schemmel, Johannes
name: Payvand, Melika
name: Petrovici, Mihai A.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
Machine Learning (cs.LG)
FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spiking neural networks (SNNs) inherently rely on the timing of signals for representing and processing information. Incorporating trainable transmission delays, alongside synaptic weights, is crucial for shaping these temporal dynamics. While recent methods have shown the benefits of training delays and weights in terms of accuracy and memory efficiency, they rely on discrete time, approximate gradients, and full access to internal variables like membrane potentials. This limits their precision, efficiency, and suitability for neuromorphic hardware due to increased memory requirements and I/O bandwidth demands. To address these challenges, we propose DelGrad, an analytical, event-based method to compute exact loss gradients for both synaptic weights and delays. The inclusion of delays in the training process emerges naturally within our proposed formalism, enriching the model's search space with a temporal dimension. Moreover, DelGrad, grounded purely in spike timing, eliminates the need to track additional variables such as membrane potentials. To showcase this key advantage, we demonstrate the functionality and benefits of DelGrad on the BrainScaleS-2 neuromorphic platform, by training SNNs in a chip-in-the-loop fashion. For the first time, we experimentally demonstrate the memory efficiency and accuracy benefits of adding delays to SNNs on noisy mixed-signal hardware. Additionally, these experiments also reveal the potential of delays for stabilizing networks against noise. DelGrad opens a new way for training SNNs with delays on neuromorphic hardware, which results in less number of required parameters, higher accuracy and ease of hardware training.
description: arXiv
Topology change in General Relativity and the black-hole black-string transition
Creators: name: Kol, Barak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the presence of compact dimensions massive solutions of General Relativity may take one of several forms including the black-hole and the black-string, the simplest relevant background being R^{3+1} * S^1. It is shown how Morse theory places constraints on the qualitative features of the phase diagram, and a minimalistic diagram is suggested which describes a first order transition whose only stable phases are the uniform string and the black-hole. The diagram calls for a topology changing ``merger'' transition in which the black-hole evolves continuously into an unstable black-string phase. As evidence a local model for the transition is presented in which the cone over S^2 * S^2 plays a central role. Horizon cusps do not appear as precursors to black hole merger. A generalization to higher dimensions finds that whereas the cone has a tachyon function for d=5, its stability depends interestingly on the dimension - it is unstable for d<10, and stable for d>10.
description: 28 pages, 13 figures, v2: minor changes, v3: published version. See "Note added" at end of introduction
Quantum measurements and Paul traps in gravitational backgrounds
Creators: name: Camacho, Abel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work we solve the motion equations of a particle in a Paul trap embeded in the gravitational field of a spherically symmetric mass. One of the ideas behind this work concerns the analysis of the effects that the gravity--induced quantum noise, stemming from the bodies in the neighborhood of the Paul trap, could have upon the enhancement of the quantum behavior of this system. This will be done considering a series expansion for the gravitational field of the source, and including in the Hamiltonian of the Paul trap only the first two terms. Higher--order contributions will be introduced as part of the environment of the system, and in consequence will not appear in the Hamiltonian. In other words, we put forward an argument that allows us to differentiate those gravitational degrees of freedom that will appear as an uncontrollable influence on the Paul trap. Along the ideas of the so called restricted path integral formalism, we take into account the continuous monitoring of the position of our particle, and in consequence the corresponding propagators and probabilities, associated with the different measurements outputs, are obtained. Afterwards, the differential equation related to a quantum nondemolition variable is posed and solved, i.e., a family of quantum nondemolition parameters is obtained. Finally, a qualitative analysis of the effects on the system, of the gravity--induced environment, will be done.
description: Accepted in International Journal of Modern Physics D
MOESM7 of CRISPR elements provide a new framework for the genealogy of the citrus canker pathogen Xanthomonas citri pv. citri
Creators: name: Kwanho Jeong
name: Muñoz-Bodnar, Alejandra
name: Rojas, Nathalia Arias
name: Poulin, Lucie
name: Rodriguez-R, Luis
name: Gagnevin, Lionel
name: Vernière, Christian
name: Pruvost, Olivier
name: Koebnik, Ralf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 7: Table S1. BLASTN database searches for spacer-related sequences at NCBI GenBank.
Inostemma melicerta Walker 1835
Creators: name: Buhl, Peter N.
name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Platygastridae
Inostemma
Inostemma melicerta

description: Inostemma melicerta Walker, 1835
England: Oxfordshire, Wytham, 1 female, 7 May 1960, Graham, M.W.R. de V. (BMNH).
Recorded from near London by Walker (1835) and from Ireland by Buhl and O’Connor (2009).
description: Published as part of Buhl, Peter N. & Notton, David G., 2009, A revised catalogue of the Platygastridae of the British Isles (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea), pp. 1651-1703 in Journal of Natural History 43 (27 - 28) on page 1660, DOI: 10.1080/00222930902993732, http://zenodo.org/record/5216619
Developing a 3D model of the airways
Creators: name: Güney, Tankut Gökhan
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Chronic cigarette smoke exposure leads to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in susceptible individuals where goblet cell metaplasia, ciliated cell hypoplasia and extra cellular matrix (ECM) thickening are observed. Current in vitro COPD models such as air-liquid interface (ALI) cultures, cannot model the complex morphology and the cell-ECM interaction seen in vivo. No organoid models of COPD currently exist and, therefore, a lung organoid model termed bronchosphere of COPD was generated. Basal epithelial cells from normal healthy and COPD donors were cultured into bronchospheres over 20 days in 25% Matrigel. Bronchospheres were characterised using quantitative PCR, immunofluorescence and RNA sequencing. The effect of stromal cells on basal epithelial cell-derived bronchosphere structure and function were investigated through a triple culture of bronchial epithelial, lung fibroblast and airway smooth muscle cells. COPD bronchospheres developed more slowly displaying goblet cell hyperplasia and ciliated cell hypoplasia with reduced cilial beat frequencies compared to normal healthy controls. Normal healthy basal cells chronically treated with cigarette smoke condensate formed bronchospheres with lumens lacking a differentiated epithelium. RNA-seq analysis of bronchospheres showed up-regulation of the club cell markers mucin 5B (muc5b) and secretoglobin family 3A member 1 (scgb3a1) in healthy vs COPD bronchospheres. Pathway analysis revealed increased extracellular matrix function and decreased fibroblast growth factor signalling in COPD and cigarette smoke-treated healthy bronchospheres, which may be a possible driver of disease phenotype. Epithelial-stromal cross talk enabled formation of epithelial cell-driven branching tubules consisting of luminal epithelial cells surrounded by stromal cells. Addition of agarose to the Matrigel scaffold (Agrigel) altered the matrix viscoelasticity and stiffness and prevented tubule collapse. This thesis described the development of a novel bronchosphere model of COPD derived from primary human airway cells that recapitulates many functions of human COPD. Generating large numbers of these bronchospheres provides opportunities for future personalised drug testing.
Moments of Margulis functions and indefinite ternary quadratic forms
Creators: name: Kim, Wooyeon
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
Number Theory (math.NT)
FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study the moments of the Margulis $α$-function integrating over expanding translates of a unipotent orbit in $\operatorname{SL}_3(\mathbb{R})/\operatorname{SL}_3(\mathbb{Z})$. We show that for some $λ>1$ the $λ$-moments of the Margulis $α$-function over expanding translates of a unipotent orbit are uniformly bounded, under suitable Diophantine conditions of the initial unipotent orbit.
description: arXiv
Tuning conjugated polymer properties with insulators
Creators: name: Dyson, Matthew James
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: A major attraction of polymeric semiconductors is that their optoelectronic properties can be tuned by controlling local microstructure, such as chain arrangement and conformation, in principle allowing functionality to be tailored to specific device applications. This local microstructure is influenced by intrinsic factors, such as chemical structure and molecular weight,but also by film formation conditions, such as solvent and casting temperature. Here, the effect of blending conjugated with insulating polymers, an additional tool to control structural and optoelectronic properties, is extensively explored. Focusing predominantly on widely studied poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) as a model system, the addition of a polar insulator poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) is shown to affect both the nature of aggregation (in terms of excitonic coupling), its temperature dependence and evolution during film formation. Spatially restricting evaporation of a P3HT:PEO blend leads to periodic variation in aggregation type, attributed to self-induced compositional changes, demonstrating that insulators can be used to achieve a measure of spatial control. The origin of a temperature dependent reduction in effective vibronic peak spacing of photoluminescence spectra P3HT:PEO is investigated by considering self-absorption, coupling to insulator vibration and additional Raman modes, and correlated with increased non-radiative decay. Finally, the two chemical functionalities, namely poly(thiophene) and oligo(ethylene oxide), are combined as a graft polymer, a block co-polymer, and blends with both, demonstrating that matching side chain and insulator polarity can promote translational order, aggregation and planarity. Together, this work demonstrates how the addition of insulating to conjugated polymers influences local microstructure and hence enables control of optoelectronic characteristics, with potential applications to a wide range of conjugated polymers and devices.
An example of a jump from chaos to integrability for magnetic geodesic flows
Creators: name: Taimanov, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is proved that the motion of a charge particle on a hyperbolic oriented two-dimensional surface in a magnetic field given by the volume form of the hyperbolic metric is completely integrable on the energy levels E < 1/2 in terms of real-analytic integrals. However it was known that on the level E=1/2 every trajectory is transitive and the restrictions of this flow onto the levels E>1/2 are Anosov flows
description: 4 pages
MOESM8 of CRISPR elements provide a new framework for the genealogy of the citrus canker pathogen Xanthomonas citri pv. citri
Creators: name: Kwanho Jeong
name: Muñoz-Bodnar, Alejandra
name: Rojas, Nathalia Arias
name: Poulin, Lucie
name: Rodriguez-R, Luis
name: Gagnevin, Lionel
name: Vernière, Christian
name: Pruvost, Olivier
name: Koebnik, Ralf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 8: Figure S7. Multiple sequence alignments of the seven cas gene open reading frames, which were retrieved from the corresponding GenBank files (Table 3).
Employment Growth in Rural Services Depends on Goods-Producing Industries
Creators: name: Bluestone, Herman
name: Miller, James P.
name: Bluestone, Herman
name: Miller, James P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Labor and Human Capital
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Unless growth in rural manufacturing increases appreciably, service jobs may expand less rapidly in rural than in urban areas. That's because growth in the rural service sector depends importantly on growth in rural goods-producing industries. The revolution in communications and information technology may eventually loosen the ties that bind service industries to large population centers, allowing services to decentralize to rural areas, but that development has yet to show up in any significant way.
Electronic properties of α-RuCl3 in proximity to graphene
Creators: name: Biswas, Sananda
name: Li, Ying
name: Winter, Stephen M.
name: Knolle, Johannes
name: Valenti, Roser
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the pursuit of developing routes to enhance magnetic Kitaev interactions in α-RuCl3, as well as probing doping effects, we investigate the electronic properties of α-RuCl3 in proximity to graphene. We study α-RuCl3/graphene heterostructures via ab initio density functional theory calculations, Wannier projection and non-perturbative exact diagonalization methods. We show that α-RuCl3 becomes strained when placed on graphene and charge transfer occurs between the two layers, making α-RuCl3 (graphene) lightly electron-doped (hole-doped). This gives rise to an insulator to metal transition in α-RuCl3 with the Fermi energy located close to the bottom of the upper Hubbard band of the t2g manifold. These results suggest the possibility of realizing metallic and even exotic superconducting states. Moreover, we show that in the strained α-RuCl3 monolayer the Kitaev interactions are enhanced by more than 50% compared to the unstrained bulk structure. Finally, we discuss scenarios related to transport experiments in α-RuCl3/graphene heterostructures.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures Further calculation details included
Numerical Relativity: A review
Creators: name: Lehner, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Computer simulations are enabling researchers to investigate systems which are extremely difficult to handle analytically. In the particular case of General Relativity, numerical models have proved extremely valuable for investigations of strong field scenarios and been crucial to reveal unexpected phenomena. Considerable efforts are being spent to simulate astrophysically relevant simulations, understand different aspects of the theory and even provide insights in the search for a quantum theory of gravity. In the present article I review the present status of the field of Numerical Relativity, describe the techniques most commonly used and discuss open problems and (some) future prospects.
description: 2 References added; 1 corrected. 67 pages. To appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity. (uses iopart.cls)
Decoherence in Discrete Quantum Walks
Creators: name: Kendon, Viv
name: Tregenna, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an introduction to coined quantum walks on regular graphs, which have been developed in the past few years as an alternative to quantum Fourier transforms for underpinning algorithms for quantum computation. We then describe our results on the effects of decoherence on these quantum walks on a line, cycle and hypercube. We find high sensitivity to decoherence, increasing with the number of steps in the walk, as the particle is becoming more delocalised with each step. However, the effect of a small amount of decoherence can be to enhance the properties of the quantum walk that are desirable for the development of quantum algorithms, such as fast mixing times to uniform distributions.
description: 15 pages, Springer LNP latex style, submitted to Proceedings of DICE 2002
On divergent on average trajectories for higher rank actions
Creators: name: Kim, Wooyeon
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
Number Theory (math.NT)
FOS: Mathematics

description: For $d\ge 3$ we first show that the Hausdorff dimension of the set of $A$-divergent on average points in the $(d-1)$-dimensional closed horosphere in the space of $d$-dimensional Euclidean lattices, where $A$ is the group of positive diagonal matrices, is at most $\frac{d-1}{2}$. In particular, this upper bound is sharp for $d=3$.
  We apply this to compute the Hausdorff dimension of the set of exceptions to the inhomogeneous uniform version of Littlewood conjecture. We say that a pair $(ξ_1,ξ_2)\in\mathbb{R}^2$ satisfies the inhomogeneous Littlewood conjecture if $$\liminf_{q\to\infty}q\|qξ_1-θ_1\|_{\mathbb{Z}}\|qξ_2-θ_2\|_{\mathbb{Z}}=0$$ for all $(θ_1,θ_2)\in\mathbb{R}^2$, where $\|\cdot\|_\mathbb{Z}$ denotes the distance to the nearest integer. We prove that the Hausdorff dimension of the set of pairs $(ξ_1,ξ_2)\in\mathbb{R}^2$ not satisfying the inhomogeneous Littlewood conjecture is $1$, which is equal to the Hausdorff dimension of the conjectural set of exceptions.
description: arXiv
Inostemma menippus Walker 1835
Creators: name: Buhl, Peter N.
name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Platygastridae
Inostemma
Inostemma menippus

description: Inostemma menippus Walker, 1835
Britain: 1 female, pre-1868, Desvignes, T. (BMNH).
Recorded from near London by Walker (1835). Addition and corrections to Szelényi’s (1938) description: head with distinct notch on vertex; female A3–A4 about equal, each about 1.5 times as long as wide; A9 distinctly transverse; horn of T1 reaching posterior ocelli; T6 1.5 times as long as wide.
description: Published as part of Buhl, Peter N. & Notton, David G., 2009, A revised catalogue of the Platygastridae of the British Isles (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea), pp. 1651-1703 in Journal of Natural History 43 (27 - 28) on page 1660, DOI: 10.1080/00222930902993732, http://zenodo.org/record/5216619
Czech Agricultural Trade After EU Accession as a Reflexion of the Competitiveness of Czech Agriculture and Food Industry Under the EU Single Market and Changes in WTO Commitments
Creators: name: Doucha, Tomáš
name: Pohlová, Karina
name: Doucha, Tomáš
name: Pohlová, Karina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: agricultural trade
subject: Czech Republic
subject: EU single market
subject: agriculture
subject: food industry
subject: effectiveness
subject: revealed comparative advantage

description: The development of the Czech agricultural trade after EU accession in 2004 is a reflexion of changing trade conditions (especially the entry on the EU single market and taking over the EU commitments to the WTO), effectiveness of the Czech agriculture and food industry. The main characteristics of the changes are the growth of the negative trade balance, a substantial increase of the trade turnover with EU countries to the detriment of the third countries and the growth of exports of agricultural raw materials accompanied with the growth of imports of more processed products. The main cause is the orientation of the Czech agriculture on products with a lower demand on labour quantity and quality and on simpler technologies, together with a lower effectiveness of domestic primary processors. Besides the global trade indicators, this development is documented by selected RCA indicators.
New physics and astronomy with the new gravitational-wave observatories
Creators: name: Hughes, Scott A.
name: Marka, Szabolcs
name: Bender, Peter L.
name: Hogan, Craig J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational-wave detectors with sensitivities sufficient to measure the radiation from astrophysical sources are rapidly coming into existence. By the end of this decade, there will exist several ground-based instruments in North America, Europe, and Japan, and the joint American-European space-based antenna LISA should be either approaching orbit or in final commissioning in preparation for launch. The goal of these instruments will be to open the field of gravitational-wave astronomy: using gravitational radiation as an observational window on astrophysics and the universe. In this article, we summarize the current status of the various detectors currently being developed, as well as future plans. We also discuss the scientific reach of these instruments, outlining what gravitational-wave astronomy is likely to teach us about the universe.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures, Proceedings of the 2001 Snowmass Meeting
International Diversification of the Asset Portfolio by Investing in Agricultural Commodities. Why Not Use the CAPM Futures Markets?
Creators: name: Hurduzeu, Gheorghe
name: Hurduzeu, Raluca
name: Hurduzeu, Gheorghe
name: Hurduzeu, Raluca
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: portofolio
subject: diversification
subject: prices
subject: volatility
subject: risk

description: The international diversification of assets by investing in agricultural commodities has manifested increasingly in recent years, as demonstrated by the growth in investment in commodities which have augmented rapidly in recent years, the prospect is that they will increase further. The common perception is that international trade markets investments popularity comes from the fact that the goods constitute an alternative asset class with returns that present, at least in theory, low or negative correlation with the returns on assets belonging to traditional asset classes: stocks and bonds. Harry Markowitz (1959) and James Tobin (1958) developed the theory of optimal selection of securities portfolios in an uncertain environment. This was developed by William Sharpe (1964) and John Lintner (1965) in a general equilibrium model prices. This model completes and improves Markowitz's theory, because even its author William Sharpe, leaves in its development, inters alia, on the premise that the investor will use an investment approach as described by his predecessor. Basically the model enables us to facilitate the work in evaluating the expected earnings of the various securities and portfolios, which relates to a risk measure called β. What is particularly important about this model is that it is currently applied in the industry of the investments, maybe not in its original form, but in newer versions adapted of it. However, the researchers concluded that the overall balance given by the CAPM is quite inconsistent in practice. Other authors have attempted to explain the application of CAPM on futures markets. The conclusion was that the CAPM is not consistent in explaining the results of the futures markets, but also the qualitative and quantitative empirical phenomena are unable to explain the results from the futures markets.
title: Lettre de Jacques Leibowitch à Thierry Lévy (avocat)
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: 2 exemplaires.
description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-20193111133487619
Interacting Majorana modes at surfaces of noncentrosymmetric superconductors
Creators: name: Rückert, Janna E.
name: Roósz, Gergő
name: Timm, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noncentrosymmetric superconductors with line nodes are expected to possess topologically protected flat zero-energy bands of surface states, which can be described as Majorana modes. We here investigate their fate if residual interactions beyond BCS theory are included. For a minimal square-lattice model with a plaquette interaction, we find string-like integrals of motion that form Clifford algebras and lead to exact degeneracies. These degeneracies strongly depend on whether the numbers of sites in the $x$ and $y$ directions are even or odd, and are robust against disorder in the interactions. We show that the mapping of the Majorana model onto two decoupled spin compass models [Kamiya et al., Phys. Rev. B 98, 161409 (2018)] and extra spectator degrees of freedom only works for open boundary conditions. The mapping shows that the three-leg and four-leg Majorana ladders are integrable, while systems of larger width are not. In addition, the mapping maximally reduces the effort for exact diagonalization, which is utilized to obtain the gap above the ground states. We find that this gap remains open if one dimension is kept constant and even, while the other is sent to infinity, at least if that dimension is odd. Moreover, we compare the topological properties of the interacting Majorana model to those of the toric-code model. The Majorana model has long-range entangled ground states that differ by $\mathbb{Z}_2$ fluxes through the system on a torus. The ground states exhibit string condensation similar to the toric code but the topological order is not robust. While the spectrum is gapped - due to spontaneous symmetry breaking inherited from the compass models - states with different values of the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ fluxes end up in the ground-state sector in the thermodynamic limit. Hence, the gap does not protect these fluxes against weak perturbations.
description: 14 pages + references, 7 figures, minor update
How to Improve World Food Supply Stability Under Future Uncertainty: Potential Role of WTO Regulation on Export Restrictions in Rice
Creators: name: Karapinar, Baris
name: Tanaka, Tetsuji
name: Karapinar, Baris
name: Tanaka, Tetsuji
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
International Relations/Trade
Risk and Uncertainty

description: In recent years, international grain markets have been exposed to considerable price volatility which was partly caused by supply shocks driven by extreme climate events affecting major grain exporters. In addition, a number of exporting countries resorted to distortive trade measures in the form of export restrictions which have led to additional shortages, undermining the reliability of the world trading system. Recent climate studies suggest that climate changeinduced extreme events are likely to increase yield fluctuations. As trade volumes are also projected to increase, export restrictions constitute a systemic threat to the security of the global food supply. However, WTO rules and regulations on export restrictions are lenient, offering ample ‘policy space’ to member countries. In this context, this paper explores the potential welfare implications of productivity shocks and consequent export restrictions imposed on rice. We use a world trade stochastic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model with the Monte Carlo method, taking into account risk factors in the form of a wide range of productivity shocks to world rice supplies. Our findings suggest that welfare losses that are likely to be caused by increased yield variability, due to climate change or other factors, are expected to grow substantially if countries react to productivity shocks by imposing export restrictions. Losses incurred by rice importing countries in Asia and Africa are expected to be particularly high. The paper links these results to potential WTO reform initiatives aiming at improving world food supply stability under future uncertainty.
Theory and simulation of domain walls in halide perovskites
Creators: name: Warwick, Andrew Ralph
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Over the past decade a new generation of photovoltaic devices has gained a vast amount of attention, not least owing to their rapidly improving efficiencies. In this generation of photovoltaic devices, the component that converts sunlight into electrical energy is composed of a class of materials called ‘hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskites’ (HOIP). The efficiencies of HOIP devices already rival those of more conventional silicon-based technologies. Furthermore, they are relatively cheap to produce. Thus, in the interest of commercialising HOIP photovoltaic devices, improving our understanding of their photovoltaic properties is essential. In this thesis, we present a theory and computer simulation study of ‘domains’ and ‘domain walls’ in HOIPs. In a given sample of one of the most widely studied HOIP materials, on a microscopic length scale one often observes stripes of crystal characterised by a regular atomic distortion (domains). The boundaries between these stripes (the domain walls) separate distortions of different orientations. Crucially, at the domain wall itself, atoms are arranged differently to their configuration in the domains themselves. Thus, one expects the wall to possess properties that are not present elsewhere in the material. Some of our key findings include showing that an electric polarisation necessarily emerges at a commonly observed type of wall in HOIPs. This polarisation is capable of enhancing the flow of electric current along them. Furthermore, although we simulated a material that serves as a model for HOIPs, we argue that this polarisation is also non-zero in the actual HOIP material. We explore the properties of these walls and their constituent domains across a range of chemical compositions and suggest potential pathways for engineering these walls to enhance photovoltaic performance.
Dilatonic monopoles from (4+1)-dimensional vortices
Creators: name: Brihaye, Yves
name: Hartmann, Betti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spherically and axially symmetric monopoles of the SU(2) Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs-dilaton (EYMHD) system with a new coupling between the dilaton field and the covariant derivative of the Higgs field. This coupling arises in the study of (4+1)-dimensional vortices in the Einstein-Yang-Mills (EYM) system.
description: 13 latex pages, 4 figures; one reference added, section on flat limit extended
Holographic Charge Excitations on Horizontal Boundary
Creators: name: Hotta, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that states with nontrivial horizontal charges of BTZ black hole can be excited by ordinary falling matter including Hawking radiation. The matter effect does not break the integrability condition of the charges on the horizon. Thus we are able to trace the proccesses in which the matter imprints the information on the horizon by use of the charged states. It is naturally expected that in the thermal equilibrium with the Hawking radiation the black hole wanders ergodically through different horizontal states due to thermal fluctuation of incoming matter. This fact strengthens plausibility of the basic part of Carlip's idea. We also discuss some aspects of the quantum horizontal symmetry and conjecture how the precise black hole entropy will be given from our point of view.
description: 21 pages, no figures, added some comments and corrected some typos. To be published in Physical Review D
The oriented graph complex revisited
Creators: name: Merkulov, Sergei
name: Willwacher, Thomas
name: Wolff, Vincent
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the Kontsevich graph complex $GC_d^{2}$ and its oriented version $OGC_{d+1}^2$ are quasi-isomorphic as dg Lie algebras.
description: arXiv
Validating the Critical Point of Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion for over 600 Scanning MEMS Micro Mirrors on Wafer-Level
Creators: name: Nabholz, Ulrike
name: Stockmar, Florian
name: Mehner, Jan E.
name: Degenfeld-Schonburg, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sensors and actuators based on resonant micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS), such as scanning micro mirrors, are well-established in automotive and consumer products. As the areas of application broaden, the requirements for the MEMS are increasing. Devices outside of the performance specifications have to be rejected which is costly due to the high processing times of MEMS technologies. In particular, nonlinear system behavior is often found to cause unexpected device failure or performance issues. Thus, accurate simulation or rather system models which account for nonlinear sensor dynamics can not only increase process yield, but more importantly, lead to a comprehensive understanding of the underlying physics and to improved MEMS design. We have studied [1] the possibility of a rather drastic device failure induced by nonlinearities on the example of a resonant scanning MEMS micro mirror. On the level of a few selected chips, we have carefully measured the complex nonlinear system behavior and modeled it by a nonlinear mode-coupling phenomenon known as spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC). The most intriguing feature of SPDC is the sudden change from a rather linear to a nonlinear system behavior at the critical oscillation amplitude. However, the threshold only lies within the range of the mirror's operational amplitude, if certain frequency resonance conditions regarding the mechanical modes are met. Thus, the critical amplitude strongly depends on the frequency spectrum of the MEMS design which in turn is largely influenced by fabrication imperfections. We validate the dependence of the critical amplitude on the resonance condition by measuring it for over 600 micro mirrors on wafer-level. Our work does not only validate the theory of SPDC with measurements on such a large scale, but also demonstrates modeling strategies which are essential for MEMS product design.
Transition Changes in Ex-Yugoslav Countries' Agrarian Trade Balances
Creators: name: Milanović, Milan R.
name: Stevanović, Simo
name: Radojević, Vuk
name: Milanović, Milan R.
name: Stevanović, Simo
name: Radojević, Vuk
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Ex-Yu countries’ market
subject: agrarian export
subject: agrarian import
subject: foreign-trade balance
subject: sectoral and spatial structure

description: Because of big internal differences in the production-resource structure, the former uniform Yugoslav market was characterized by intensive inter-republic trade. Given the controlled prices of agrarian products, their internal trade was frequently referred to as an example of non-equivalent exchange. After the violent secession and disintegration of the common country, the agrarian trade balances of the former republics and their positions in foreign trade essentially began to change. The relative changes of the agrarian-export positions of the republics/states are gained an insight into in the context of the market structure and the agrarian potentials of the former shared environment and the current new one. At the same time, we are comparatively analyzing the market structure and relations within the three status/systemically completely different conditions of these countries for the duration of an almost two-and-ahalf- decade-long period (from 1988 to 2010), namely: (1) the pre-transition position on the uniform market; (2) the transition period after the disintegration of the common state, and (3) the post-transition period of independence. The sectoral significance of the agrarian market is assessed via an analysis of the share of agrarian trade turnover in total foreign-trade turnover, as well as the movement of the net balance of agrarian trade, while positional changes in the spatial structure of the total and agrarian export and import are being gained an insight into via the relative share of some countries in the total trade turnover of the ex-YU market countries. Utilizing specific analytical methods, such a way to analyze the transition dynamic and structural changes of the agro-food sector in foreign trade offers a possibility of the identifying and objectivizing of the comparative advantage and export potentials of the agrarian foreign trade of these countries. The remarks and assessments derived on that basis are indicative of the consequences of the disintegration of the former uniform Yugoslav agrarian market.
Iphitrachelus gracilis Masner 1957
Creators: name: Buhl, Peter N.
name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Platygastridae
Iphitrachelus
Iphitrachelus gracilis

description: Iphitrachelus gracilis Masner, 1957
 England: Buckinghamshire, Burnham Beeches, 1 male, 25 August 1974, Bou C ek, Z., det. Bou C ek, 1975, conf. D. Notton, 2007 (BMNH).
Recorded from Buckinghamshire by Fergusson (1977).
description: Published as part of Buhl, Peter N. & Notton, David G., 2009, A revised catalogue of the Platygastridae of the British Isles (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea), pp. 1651-1703 in Journal of Natural History 43 (27 - 28) on page 1661, DOI: 10.1080/00222930902993732, http://zenodo.org/record/5216619
title: Kosmopolitische Kommunikationswissenschaft: Plädoyer für eine „tiefe Internationalisierung“ des Fachs in Deutschland
title: Ein wissenschaftspolitisches Positionspapier
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Badr, Hanan
name: Behmer, Markus
name: Fengler, Susanne
name: Fiedler, Anke
name: Grüne, Anne
name: Hafez, Kai
name: Hahn, Oliver
name: Hamidi, Kefa
name: Litvinenko, Anna
name: Richter, Carola
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Internationalisierung
subject: Kommunikationswissenschaft
subject: Deutschland
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: Internationalisierung ist zwar ein verbreitetes Schlagwort im heutigen akademischen Betrieb, und keiner bestreitet dessen Wichtigkeit, doch wie internationalisiert ist die deutsche Kommunikationswissenschaft wirklich? Manche deutschen Hochschulen verstehen unter Internationalisierung lediglich ein (kommunikationswissenschaftliches) englischsprachiges Lehrangebot, andere das Publizieren in englischsprachigen Fachzeitschriften. Dass dies zu kurz greift, versteht sich von selbst. Aber welche internationale Reichweite hat die deutsche Scientific community bisher tatsächlich erzielt? Welchen Stellenwert hat die international vergleichende Forschung, haben inter- und transkulturelle Perspektiven im Fach? Wie steht es um die internationale Anschlussfähigkeit der deutschen Kommunikationswissenschaft? International komparative und kollaborative Forschung und die Einnahme inter-/transkultureller Perspektiven sind Querschnittsaufträge für alle Forschungsfelder des Fachs und können nicht nur beschränkt sein auf so explizit getaufte Netzwerke und Fachgruppen der internationalen und transkulturellen Kommunikation unter dem Dach wissenschaftlicher Fachgesellschaften. Dieses Positionspapier plädiert daher für eine „tiefe Internationalisierung“ der deutschen Kommunikationswissenschaft.