cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Aspects of integrability in a classical model for non-interacting fermionic fields
Creators: name: Grosse-Holz, Simon
name: Engl, Thomas
name: Richter, Klaus
name: Urbina, Juan Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we investigate the issue of integrability in a classical model for noninteracting fermionic fields. This model is constructed via classical-quantum correspondence obtained from the semiclassical treatment of the quantum system. Our main finding is that the classical system, contrary to the quantum system, is not integrablein general. Regarding this contrast it is clear that in general classical models for fermionic quantum systems have to be handled with care. Further numerical investigation of the system showed that there may be islands of stability in the phase space. We also investigated a similar model that is used in theoretical chemistry and found this one to be most probably integrable, although also here the integrability is not assured by the quantum-classical correspondence principle.
Human cytomegalovirus UL83-coded pp65 virion protein inhibits antiviral gene expression in infected cells
Creators: name: Browne, E.P.
name: Browne, E.P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: The initial interaction of human cytomegalovirus with fibroblasts triggers, and then partially blocks, an innate immune response pathway that leads to the induction of IFN-responsive genes and proinflammatory chemokines. Infection of fibroblasts with human cytomegalovirus inhibited their ability to respond to exogenous IFN. Consistent with the observation that the block did not depend on de novo viral protein synthesis, ectopic expression of the viral UL83-coded pp65, an abundant virion protein, inhibited IFN signaling. Furthermore, DNA array analysis showed that infection with a pp65-deficient mutant virus caused a much stronger induction of many IFN-response and proinflammatory chemokine RNAs than infection with wild-type virus. The nuclear DNA-binding activities of transcription factors NF-κB and IRF1 were induced to a much greater extent after infection with the pp65-deficient mutant than with wild-type virus. IFN-stimulated gene factor 3 DNA-binding was modestly enhanced, whereas IRF3 activity was not affected by mutation of pp65. Together, these results imply that pp65, which is delivered to newly infected cells in the virion, antagonizes a pathway that affects NF-κB and IRF1 and prevents the accumulation of mRNAs encoded by numerous cellular antiviral genes.
title: Outcomes of Fluoroscopic versus Laparoscopic Placement of Peritoneal Dialysis Catheters: A Single Center Experience.
Creators: name: Abdel Aal, Ahmed
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Safety
subject: Outcomes

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: A variety of peritoneal dialysis catheter (PDC) placement techniques are available. The objective of this study was to compare the outcomes of PDC placement using fluoroscopy and ultrasound guidance with the laparoscopic...
Spontaneous coherence in spatially extended photonic systems: Non-Equilibrium Bose-Einstein condensation
Creators: name: Bloch, Jacqueline
name: Carusotto, Iacopo
name: Wouters, Michiel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review, we give an interdisciplinary overview of Bose-Einstein condensation phenomena in photonic systems. We cover a wide range of systems, from lasers to photon condensates in dye-filled cavities, to excitons in semiconductor heterostructures, to microcavity polaritons, as well as emerging systems such as mode-locked lasers and classical light waves. Rather than diving into the specific properties of each system, our main focus will be to highlight those novel universal phenomena that stem from the driven-dissipative, non-equilibrium nature of these systems and affect the static, dynamic and coherence properties of the condensate. We conclude with our view on the future perspectives of this field for both fundamental science and technological applications.
(102858) Norman Aubrey McDaniel Keene
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Mobility decisions, economic dynamics and epidemic
Creators: name: Fabbri, Giorgio
name: Federico, Salvatore
name: Fiaschi, Davide
name: Gozzi, Fausto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We propose a model, which nests a susceptible-infected-recovered-deceased (SIRD) epidemic model into a dynamic macroeconomic equilibrium framework with agents' mobility. The latter affect both their income and their probability of infecting and being infected. Strategic complementarities among individual mobility choices drive the evolution of aggregate economic activity, while infection externalities caused by individual mobility affect disease diffusion. The continuum of rational forward-looking agents coordinates on the Nash equilibrium of a discrete time, finite-state, infinite-horizon Mean Field Game. We prove the existence of an equilibrium and provide a recursive construction method for the search of an equilibrium(a), which also guides our numerical investigations. We calibrate the model by using Italian experience on COVID-19 epidemic and we discuss policy implications.
description: 33 pages, 5 figures
ARES v2 - new features and improved performance
Creators: name: Sousa, S. G.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Adibekyan, V.
name: Delgado-Mena, E.
name: Israelian, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: We present a new upgraded version of ARES. The new version includes a series of interesting new features such as automatic radial velocity correction, a fully automatic continuum determination, and an estimation of the errors for the equivalent widths. Methods: The automatic correction of the radial velocity is achieved with a simple cross-correlation function, and the automatic continuum determination, as well as the estimation of the errors, relies on a new approach to evaluating the spectral noise at the continuum level. Results: ARES v2 is totally compatible with its predecessor. We show that the fully automatic continuum determination is consistent with the previous methods applied for this task. It also presents a significant improvement on its performance thanks to the implementation of a parallel computation using the OpenMP library.
description: 4 pages, 2 Figures; accepted in A&A; ARES Webpage: www.astro.up.pt/~sousasag/ares
(102853) Ethel Maud Pinchbeck
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Primary Thyroid Lymphoma, role of ultrasound in the diagnosis
Creators: name: García Gutiérrez, Guillermo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Oncology
subject: Thyroid / Parathyroids
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Primary Thyroid Lymphoma is a rare entity, accounting for 2-5% of malignant thyroid neoplasms and less than 1% of all lymphomas. It usually appearsin previous pathological conditions, autoimmune thyroiditis preferably, such as chronic...
Degradation of Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 with an EED-Targeted Bivalent Chemical Degrader
Creators: name: Pearce, K.H.
name: Potjewyd, F.
name: Beri, J.
name: Cholensky, S.H.
name: Herring, L.E.
name: Turner, A.-M.W.
name: James, L.I.
name: Margolis, D.M.
name: Norris-Drouin, J.L.
name: Rectenwald, J.M.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2020

description: Protein degradation via the use of bivalent chemical degraders provides an alternative strategy to block protein function and assess the biological roles of putative drug targets. This approach capitalizes on the advantages of small-molecule inhibitors while moving beyond the restrictions of traditional pharmacology. Here, we report a chemical degrader (UNC6852) that targets polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). UNC6852 contains an EED226-derived ligand and a ligand for VHL which bind to the WD40 aromatic cage of EED and CRL2VHL, respectively, to induce proteasomal degradation of PRC2 components, EED, EZH2, and SUZ12. Degradation of PRC2 with UNC6852 blocks the histone methyltransferase activity of EZH2, decreasing H3K27me3 levels in HeLa cells and diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cells containing EZH2 gain-of-function mutations. UNC6852 degrades both wild-type and mutant EZH2, and additionally displays anti-proliferative effects in this cancer model system. Using an EED-targeted chemical degrader, Potjewyd et al. demonstrate successful degradation of the PRC2 complex. UNC6852 provides a unique tool to study PRC2 function and downregulation of PRC2 activity in cancer and demonstrates the feasibility of developing PRC2-targeted degraders as potential therapeutics.
Ultracold neutron production and up-scattering in superfluid helium between 1.1 K and 2.4 K
Creators: name: Leung, K. K. H.
name: Ivanov, S.
name: Piegsa, F. M.
name: Simson, M.
name: Zimmer, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold neutrons (UCNs) were produced in a 4 liter volume of superfluid helium using the PF1B cold neutron beam facility at the Institut Laue-Langevin and then extracted to a detector at room temperature. With a converter temperature of 1.08 K the number of accumulated UCNs was counted to be $91,\!700 \pm 300$. From this, we derive a volumetric UCN production rate of $(6.9 \pm 1.7)\,\mathrm{cm^{-3}\,s^{-1}}$, which includes a correction for losses in the converter during UCN extraction caused by a short storage time, but not accounting for UCN transport and detection efficiencies. The up-scattering rate of UCNs due to excitations in the superfluid was studied by scanning the temperature between 1.2-2.4 K. Using the temperature-dependent UCN production rate calculated from inelastic neutron scattering data in the analysis, the only UCN up-scattering process found to be present was from two-phonon scattering. Our analysis rules out contributions from the other scattering processes to $\lesssim 10\%$ of their predicted levels.
The Role of Mode Match in Asymmetric Fiber Cavities
Creators: name: Bick, Andreas
name: Staarmann, Christina
name: Christoph, Philipp
name: Hellmig, Ortwin
name: Heinze, Jannes
name: Sengstock, Klaus
name: Becker, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study and realize asymmetric fiber-based cavities with optimized mode match to achieve high reflectivity on resonance. This is especially important for mutually coupling two physical systems via light fields, e.g. in quantum hybrid systems. Our detailed theoretical and experimental analysis reveals that on resonance the interference effect between the directly reflected non-modematched light and the light leaking back out of the cavity can lead to large unexpected losses due to the mode filtering of the incoupling fiber. Strong restrictions for the cavity design result out of this effect and we show that planar-concave cavities are clearly best suited. We validate our analytical model using numerical calculations and demonstrate an experimental realization of an asymmetric fiber Fabry-Pérot cavity with optimized parameters.
title: Prediction of intracerebral hematoma expansion: CT angiography "spot sign"
Creators: name: Gallego Ferrero, Paula
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To analyze the best diagnostic protocol to study acute intracerebral hemorrhages. To review the concept of the “spot sign”. To evaluate the role of the “spot sign” in the evolution of the intracerebral hematoma and the prognosis of the...
Sangrahaka: A Tool for Annotating and Querying Knowledge Graphs
Creators: name: Terdalkar, Hrishikesh
name: Bhattacharya, Arnab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we present a web-based annotation and querying tool Sangrahaka. It annotates entities and relationships from text corpora and constructs a knowledge graph (KG). The KG is queried using templatized natural language queries. The application is language and corpus agnostic, but can be tuned for special needs of a specific language or a corpus. A customized version of the framework has been used in two annotation tasks. The application is available for download and installation. Besides having a user-friendly interface, it is fast, supports customization, and is fault tolerant on both client and server side. The code is available at https://github.com/hrishikeshrt/sangrahaka and the presentation with a demo is available at https://youtu.be/nw9GFLVZMMo.
Lepton Flavor Violation in the Inert Scalar Model with Higher Representations
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Talal Ahmed
name: Nasri, Salah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the lepton flavor violation (LFV) in the inert scalar model with higher representations. We generalize the inert doublet model with right handed neutrino by using higher scalar and fermion representation of $SU(2)_{L}$. As the generalized model and the inert doublet model have the same parameter space, we compare the rates of $μ\rightarrow eγ$, $μ\rightarrow ee\overline{e}$ and $μ-e$ conversion in nuclei in the doublet and its immediate extension, the quartet model. We show that the corresponding rates are larger in the case of higher representation compared to the Inert doublet for the same region of parameter space. This implies that such extended models are more constrained by current LFV bounds and will have better prospects in future experiments.
description: section 4 is improved by including the discussion on the Sommerfeld enhancement. Version published in JHEP
Reed-Muller Identification
Creators: name: Spandri, Mattia
name: Ferrara, Roberto
name: Deppe, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ahlswede and Dueck identification has the potential of exponentially reducing traffic or exponentially increasing rates in applications where a full decoding of the message is not necessary and, instead, a simple verification of the message of interest suffices. However, the proposed constructions can suffer from exponential increase in the computational load at the sender and receiver, rendering these advantages unusable. This has been shown in particular to be the case for a construction achieving identification capacity based on concatenated Reed-Solomon codes. Here, we consider the natural generalization of identification based on Reed-Muller codes and we show that, although without achieving identification capacity, they allow to achieve the exponentially large rates mentioned above without the computational penalty increasing too much the latency with respect to transmission.
description: V4: fixed typo in proof V3: capacity statement fixed; V2: published version in proceedings at International Zurich Seminar on Information and Communication (IZS) 2022 with wrong capacity statement; V1: wrong capacity statement (wrong proof that the codes do not achieve capacity while they do), submitted to 2021 IEEE Globecom: Workshop on Channel Coding beyond 5G
Assessing the impact of AGS-004, a dendritic cell-based immunotherapy, and vorinostat on persistent HIV-1 Infection
Creators: name: Gorelick, R.J.
name: Margolis, D.M.
name: Reifeis, S.A.
name: Kuruc, J.D.
name: Warren, J.A.
name: Hudgens, M.
name: Gay, C.L.
name: Dewey, M.G.
name: Allard, B.
name: Goonetilleke, N.
name: Falcinelli, S.D.
name: Gamble, A.
name: James, K.S.
name: Stuelke, E.
name: Tcherepanova, I.Y.
name: Kirchherr, J.L.
name: Plachco, A.
name: Archin, N.M.
name: Eron, J.J.
name: DeBenedette, M.A.
name: Garrido, C.
name: Nicolette, C.A.
name: Helms, A.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2020

description: Approaches to deplete persistent HIV infection are needed. We investigated the combined impact of the latency reversing agent vorinostat (VOR) and AGS-004, an autologous dendritic cell immunotherapeutic, on the HIV reservoir. HIV+, stably treated participants in whom resting CD4+ T cell-associated HIV RNA (rca-RNA) increased after VOR exposure ex vivo and in vivo received 4 doses of AGS-004 every 3 weeks, followed by VOR every 72 hours for 30 days, and then the cycle repeated. Change in VOR-responsive host gene expression, HIV-specific T cell responses, low-level HIV viremia, rca-RNA, and the frequency of resting CD4+ T-cell infection (RCI) was measured at baseline and after each cycle. No serious treatment-related adverse events were observed among five participants. As predicted, VOR-responsive host genes responded uniformly to VOR dosing. Following cycles of AGS-004 and VOR, rca-RNA decreased significantly in only two participants, with a significant decrease in SCA observed in one of these participants. However, unlike other cohorts dosed with AGS-004, no uniform increase in HIV-specific immune responses following vaccination was observed. Finally, no reproducible decline of RCI, defined as a decrease of >50%, was observed. AGS-004 and VOR were safe and well-tolerated, but no substantial impact on RCI was measured. In contrast to previous clinical data, AGS-004 did not induce HIV-specific immune responses greater than those measured at baseline. More efficacious antiviral immune interventions, perhaps paired with more effective latency reversal, must be developed to clear persistent HIV infection.
title: The Effectiveness of Ultrasonography in Detecting Pediatric Emergent Pathologies, If Additional Imaging such as CT was Required for Diagnosis?A Retrospective US Study.
Creators: name: Tiryaki Baştuğ, Betül
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Efficacy studies
subject: Acute

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: ultrasonography,pediatric emergent pathologies,CT ,ionizing...
(102854) Agnes Helen Higgitt
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Beyond the HSG - Gynaecological Fluoroscopy for selective salpingography and fallopian tube recannalisation.
Creators: name: Fossey, Samantha
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pelvis
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Fallopian tube catheterisation
subject: Hysterosalpingography
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Review the normal fluoroscopic appearances of the uterus and fallopian tubes at HSG. Review the appearances of fallopian tube disease in the context of subfertility. Outline the technique of selective salpingography and fluoroscopic guided fallopian...
A Finite Element Model for Investigation of Nuclear Stresses in Arterial Endothelial Cells
Creators: name: Rumberger, Charles B.
Publisher: name: IUPUI University Library
Year: 2022
Subjects: finite element modelling
laminopathy
Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome
nuclear stresses
endothelial cell
ANSYS
Python
cellular mechanotransduction

description: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
description: Cellular structural mechanics play a key role in homeostasis by transducing mechanical signals to regulate gene expression and by providing adaptive structural stability for the cell. The alteration of nuclear mechanics in various laminopathies and in natural aging can damage these key functions. Arterial endothelial cells appear to be especially vulnerable due to the importance of shear force mechanotransduction to structure and gene regulation as is made evident by the prominent role of atherosclerosis in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) and in natural aging. Computational models of cellular mechanics may provide a useful tool for exploring the structural hypothesis of laminopathy at the intracellular level. This thesis explores this topic by introducing the biological background of cellular mechanics and lamin proteins in arterial endothelial cells, investigating disease states related to aberrant lamin proteins, and exploring computational models of the cell structure. It then presents a finite element model designed specifically for investigation of nuclear shear forces in arterial endothelial cells. Model results demonstrate that changes in nuclear material properties consistent with those observed in progerin-expressing cells may result in substantial increases in stress concentrations on the nuclear membrane. This supports the hypothesis that progerin disrupts homeostatic regulation of gene expression in response to hemodynamic shear by altering the mechanical properties of the nucleus.
Cooperative Operation of the Fleet Operator and Incentive-aware Customers in an On-demand Delivery System: A Bi-level Approach
Creators: name: Yao, Canqi
name: Chen, Shibo
name: Yang, Zaiyue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we study the cooperative operation problem between the fleet operator and incentive-aware customers in an on-demand delivery system. Specifically, the fleet operator offers discounts on transportation costs in exchange of the delivery time flexibility of customers. In order to capture the interaction between the fleet operator and customers, a novel bi-level optimization framework is proposed. By exploiting the strong duality, and the KKT optimality condition of customer optimization problems, we can reformulate the bi-level optimization problem as a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem. Considering the inherent difficulties of MINLP, a computationally efficient algorithm, which combines the merits of Lagrangian dual decomposition and Benders decomposition, is devised to solve the resulting MINLP problem in a distributed manner. Finally, extensive numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed cooperation scheme can decrease the delivery fees for the customers, and reduce the operation cost of the fleet operator at the same time, thus leading to a win-win situation for both sides.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE Internet of Things Journal
title: Intracranial pericallosal lipoma incidental finding in CT scan
Creators: name: Dumitrescu, Diana Alina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Congenital
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate computed tomography aspects of intracranial pericallosal...
(102856) Lucy Ann Sweetman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Detection of Stroke, Blood Vessel Landmarks, and Leptomeningeal Anastomoses in Mouse Brain Imaging
Creators: name: Zhang, Leqi
Publisher: name: IUPUI University Library
Year: 2022
Subjects: Computer Vision
Image processing
connected component
vessel segmentation
vessel painting
collateral connection

description: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
description: Collateral connections in the brain, also known as Leptomeningeal Anastomoses, are connections between blood vessels originating from different arteries. Despite limited knowledge, they are suggested as an important contributor to cerebral stroke recovery that allows additional blood flow through the affected area. However, few databases and algorithms exist for this specific task of locating them. In this paper, a MATLAB program is developed to find these connections and detect strokes to replace manual labeling by professionals. The limited data available for this study are 23 2D microscopy images of mice cerebral vascular structures highlighted by dyes. In the images, strokes are shown to diminish the pixel count of vessels below 80\% compared to the healthy brain. Stroke classification error is greatly reduced by narrowing the scope from comparing the entire hemisphere to one smaller region. A novel way of finding collateral connections is utilizing connected components. Connected components organize all adjacent pixels into a group. All collateral connections can be found on the border of two neighboring arterial flow regions, and belong to the same group of connected components with the arterial source from each side. Along with finding collateral connections, a newly created coordinate system allows regions to be defined relative to the brain landmarks, based on the brain's center, orientation, and scale. The method newly proposed in this paper combines stroke detection, brain coordinate system extraction, and collateral connection detection in stroke-affected mouse brains using only image processing techniques. This allows a simpler, more explainable result on limited data than other techniques such as supervised machine learning. In addition, the new method does not require ground truth and high image count for training. This automated process was successfully interpreted by medical experts, which allows for further research into automating collateral connection detection in 3D.
CTLA-4 and PD-1 dual blockade induces SIV reactivation without control of rebound after antiretroviral therapy interruption
Creators: name: Wang, H.
name: Harper, J.
name: Koblansky, A.A.
name: Johns, B.
name: Jean, S.
name: Raines, S.L.M.
name: Pino, M.
name: Lindemuth, E.
name: Chan, C.N.
name: Cervasi, B.
name: Micci, L.
name: Read, J.L.
name: Galardi, C.
name: Silvestri, G.
name: McGary, C.S.
name: Margolis, D.M.
name: Favre, D.
name: Amrine-Madsen, H.
name: King, C.
name: Sanderson, A.
name: Busman-Sahay, K.
name: Estes, J.D.
name: Nguyen, K.
name: Bar, K.J.
name: Schawalder, J.
name: Nekorchuk, M.
name: Gordon, S.
name: Falcinelli, S.D.
name: Lifson, J.
name: Paiardini, M.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2020

description: The primary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reservoir is composed of resting memory CD4+ T cells, which often express the immune checkpoint receptors programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), which limit T cell activation via synergistic mechanisms. Using simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected, long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated rhesus macaques, we demonstrate that PD-1, CTLA-4 and dual CTLA-4/PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade using monoclonal antibodies is well tolerated, with evidence of bioactivity in blood and lymph nodes. Dual blockade was remarkably more effective than PD-1 blockade alone in enhancing T cell cycling and differentiation, expanding effector-memory T cells and inducing robust viral reactivation in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In lymph nodes, dual CTLA-4/PD-1 blockade, but not PD-1 alone, decreased the total and intact SIV-DNA in CD4+ T cells, and SIV-DNA and SIV-RNA in B cell follicles, a major site of viral persistence during ART. None of the tested interventions enhanced SIV-specific CD8+ T cell responses during ART or viral control after ART interruption. Thus, despite CTLA-4/PD-1 blockade inducing robust latency reversal and reducing total levels of integrated virus, the degree of reservoir clearance was still insufficient to achieve viral control. These results suggest that immune checkpoint blockade regimens targeting PD-1 and/or CTLA-4, if performed in people living with HIV with sustained aviremia, are unlikely to induce HIV remission in the absence of additional interventions.
Semi-analytic galaxy formation in coupled dark energy cosmologies
Creators: name: Fontanot, Fabio
name: Baldi, Marco
name: Springel, Volker
name: Bianchi, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among the possible alternatives to the standard cosmological model ($Λ$CDM), coupled Dark Energy models postulate that Dark Energy (DE), seen as a dynamical scalar field, may interact with Dark Matter (DM), giving rise to a "fifth-force", felt by DM particles only. In this paper, we study the impact of these cosmologies on the statistical properties of galaxy populations by combining high-resolution numerical simulations with semi-analytic models (SAM) of galaxy formation and evolution. New features have been implemented in the reference SAM in order to have it run self-consistently and calibrated on these cosmological simulations. They include an appropriate modification of the mass temperature relation and of the baryon fraction in DM haloes, due to the different virial scalings and to the gravitational bias, respectively. Our results show that the predictions of our coupled-DE SAM do not differ significantly from theoretical predictions obtained with standard SAMs applied to a reference $Λ$CDM simulation, implying that the statistical properties of galaxies provide only a weak probe for these alternative cosmological models. On the other hand, we show that both galaxy bias and the galaxy pairwise velocity distribution are sensitive to coupled DE models: this implies that these probes might be successfully applied to disentangle among quintessence, $f(R)$-Gravity and coupled DE models.
description: 8 pages, 1 Table, 5 Figures, MNRAS submitted
title: Utility of CTA in the diagnosis and therapeutic approach of carotid-cavernous fistula
Creators: name: Garrido Rull, José
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Vascular
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Embolisation
subject: Fistula

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate radiologic features of carotid-cavernous fistula using Computed tomography angiography (CTA) and the utility of CTA in the diagnosis, classification and therapeutic...
title: Correlation between CTA findings and angiographic characteristics of intracranial arteriovenous fistulas
Creators: name: Gallego Ferrero, Paula
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Vascular
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Arteriovenous malformations
subject: Fistula

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To analyse the types and diagnostic criteria of intracranial arteriovenous fistulas. To correlate the computed tomography angiography (CTA) findings with the angiographic characteristics of these lesions. To assess the usefulness of CTA in the...
HIV-Specific T Cell Responses Are Highly Stable on Antiretroviral Therapy
Creators: name: Adimora, A.A.
name: Margolis, D.M.
name: Hudgens, M.
name: Gay, C.L.
name: Clutton, G.
name: Mollan, K.R.
name: Abad-Fernandez, M.
name: Kuruc, J.D.
name: Warren, J.A.
name: Goonetilleke, N.
name: Kirchnerr, J.
name: Deeks, S.G.
name: Archin, N.M.
name: Trumble, I.M.
name: Xu, Y.
Publisher: name: Cell Press
Year: 2019

description: HIV infection induces a robust T cell response that is sustained by high viremia, but falls following the onset of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Relatively little has been reported on the subsequent stability of the HIV-specific T cell response in individuals on durable therapy. Such data are critical for powering clinical trials testing T cell-based immunotherapies. In a cross-sectional study, HIV-specific T cell responses were detectable by ex vivo interferon (IFN)-γ ELISpot (average ∼1,100 spot-forming units [SFUs]/106 peripheral blood mononuclear cells) in persons living with HIV (PLWH; n = 34), despite median durable ART suppression of 5.0 years. No substantial association was detected between the summed HIV-specific T cell response and the size of the replication-competent HIV reservoir. T cell responses were next measured in participants sampled weekly, monthly, or yearly. HIV-specific T cell responses were highly stable over the time periods examined; within-individual variation ranged from 16% coefficient of variation (CV) for weekly to 27% CV for yearly sampling. These data were used to generate power calculations for future immunotherapy studies. The stability of the HIV-specific T cell response in suppressed PLWH will enable powered studies of small sizes (e.g., n = 6–12), facilitating rapid and iterative testing for T cell-based immunotherapies against HIV.
Accurate and Approximate Calculations of Raman Scattering in the Atmosphere of Neptune
Creators: name: Sromovsky, Lawrence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Raman scattering by H$_2$ in Neptune's atmosphere has significant effects on its reflectivity for $λ
description: 25 pages, 21 figures, 5 tables
New Frontiers in Measuring and Characterizing the HIV Reservoir
Creators: name: Margolis, D.M.
name: Falcinelli, S.D.
name: Ceriani, C.
name: Archin, N.M.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2019

description: A cure for HIV infection remains elusive due to the persistence of replication-competent HIV proviral DNA during suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). With the exception of rare elite or post-treatment controllers of viremia, withdrawal of ART invariably results in the rebound of viremia and progression of HIV disease. A thorough understanding of the reservoir is necessary to develop new strategies in order to reduce or eliminate the reservoir. However, there is significant heterogeneity in the sequence composition, genomic location, stability, and expression of the HIV reservoir both within and across individuals, and a majority of proviral sequences are replication-defective. These factors, and the low frequency of persistently infected cells in individuals on suppressive ART, make understanding the reservoir and its response to experimental reservoir reduction interventions challenging. Here, we review the characteristics of the HIV reservoir, state-of-the-art assays to measure and characterize the reservoir, and how these assays can be applied to accurately detect reductions in reservoir during efforts to develop a cure for HIV infection. In particular, we highlight recent advances in the development of direct measures of provirus, including intact proviral DNA assays and full-length HIV DNA sequencing with integration site analysis. We also focus on novel techniques to quantitate persistent and inducible HIV, including RNA sequencing and RNA/gag protein staining techniques, as well as modified viral outgrowth methods that seek to improve upon throughput, sensitivity and dynamic range.
title: What should we expect in sinistral portal hypertension?
Creators: name: Kul, Melahat
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Spleen
subject: CT
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Varices
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Sinistral portal hypertension (SPH) or left sided portal hypertension occurs as a result of isolated obstruction of the splenic vein. In the majority of the cases, it is a complication of a pancreatic pathology (1, 2). In contrast to generalized...
Experimentally Validated Simulations of 50 μm X-ray PIV Tracer Particles
Creators: name: Parker, Jason T.
name: Mäkiharju, Simo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate Beer-Lambert (BL) ray-tracing and Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) photon tracking simulations for prediction and comparison of X-ray imaging system performance. These simulation tools can aid the methodical design of laboratory-scale X-ray particle image velocimetry (XPIV) experiments and tracer particles by predicting image quality. Particle image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is used as the metric of system performance. Simulated and experiment data of hollow, silver-coated, glass sphere tracer particles (AGSF-33) are compared. As predicted by the simulations, the AGSF-33 particles are visible with a SNR greater than unity in 100~ms exposure time images, demonstrating their potential as X-ray PIV or particle tracking velocimetry (XPTV) tracers. The BL approach predicts the image contrast, is computationally inexpensive, and enables the exploration of a vast parameter space for system design. MCNP simulations, on the other hand, predict experiment images slightly more accurately, but are more than an order of magnitude more computationally expensive than BL simulations. For most practical XPIV system design applications, the higher computational expense of MCNP is likely not justified by the modest accuracy improvement compared to BL.
description: 28 pages, LaTeX; Accepted for publication in Measurement Science and Technology 2022
(102850) Edward Russell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
An Examination of Supervisors' Implicit Person Theory and the Supervisor-Employee Relationship
Creators: name: Chavez, Emily K.
Publisher: name: IUPUI University Library
Year: 2022
Subjects: Implicit Person Theory

description: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
description: Previous research has established that supervisor’s play an important role in conveying performance management strategies and influencing an employee’s job experience. Notably, there has been a growing area of research of how Implicit Person Theory (IPT) can contribute to supervisors’ coaching and management styles. Research within the more recent years has shown that IPT has indirect effects on the employee experience. The current study expands upon both IPT and performance management literature, by examining how an employee perceives their Supervisor’s IPT, their supervisor’s coaching style of support for developmental opportunities, and the employee’s related job outcomes of: Turnover Intentions, Job Satisfaction, and Satisfaction with Supervisor. Results from 388 men and women in various industries and organizations suggest that Perceived Supervisor IPT is related to developmental opportunities within the workplace. Additionally, we found support for Supervisor IPT being indirectly related to employees’ Turnover Intentions, Job Satisfaction, and Satisfaction with Supervisor via Perceived Developmental Opportunities. When adding Employee IPT to our mediated model, we only found marginally significant support for employees’ Satisfaction with Supervisor. Additionally, we controlled for Leader Member Exchange (LMX) within our moderated mediation model and found non- significant interactions on the indirect path of Perceived Developmental Opportunities on all three employee outcomes and obtained non-significant mediations nested within our greater model. Within our exploratory analyses we found evidence of IPT interaction between an employee and supervisor predicting LMX, Turnover Intentions, and Job Satisfaction. Ultimately, this research contributes to performance management, IPT, and LMX research by providing evidence of how a developmental coaching style of providing opportunities to employees can influence the employees’ job experience and is related to their perceptions of their leader.
Fast Computation of Abelian Runs
Creators: name: Fici, Gabriele
name: Kociumaka, Tomasz
name: Lecroq, Thierry
name: Lefebvre, Arnaud
name: Prieur-Gaston, Elise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given a word $w$ and a Parikh vector $\mathcal{P}$, an abelian run of period $\mathcal{P}$ in $w$ is a maximal occurrence of a substring of $w$ having abelian period $\mathcal{P}$. Our main result is an online algorithm that, given a word $w$ of length $n$ over an alphabet of cardinality $σ$ and a Parikh vector $\mathcal{P}$, returns all the abelian runs of period $\mathcal{P}$ in $w$ in time $O(n)$ and space $O(σ+p)$, where $p$ is the norm of $\mathcal{P}$, i.e., the sum of its components. We also present an online algorithm that computes all the abelian runs with periods of norm $p$ in $w$ in time $O(np)$, for any given norm $p$. Finally, we give an $O(n^2)$-time offline randomized algorithm for computing all the abelian runs of $w$. Its deterministic counterpart runs in $O(n^2\logσ)$ time.
description: To appear in Theoretical Computer Science
(102851) Fanny Harrison
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.