Actinopus paraitinga, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Miglio, Laura Tavares
name: Pérez-Miles, Fernando
name: Bonaldo, Alexandre B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Actinopodidae
Actinopus
Actinopus paraitinga

description: Actinopus paraitinga sp. nov.
Figs 55–59, Map 4
Type material. Holotype male from [23° 24’ 18” S 45° 15’ 51” W], Parque Estadual Serra do Mar, Núcleo Santa Virgínia, S „o Luiz do Paraitinga, S„o Paulo, Brazil, 19.i.2005, Prado leg.(IBSP113424). Paratypes: BRAZIL. Goiás: Padre Bernardo, Fazenda Santa Clara, [15º 10’ 04” S 48º 17’ 04” W], 1♂, D. Brureville leg. (MNRJ 6795). Minas Gerais: Belo Horizonte, Bairro Gamaleira, [19° 56’ S 45° 59’ W], 1♂, 24.ix.1999 (UFMG 581); Viçosa, Bairro de Lourdes, [20º 45’ 21” S 42º 52’ 59” W], 1♂, 22.i.2002, B. de S. Lima leg. (MNRJ 6789); Campus da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), Villa Gianetti 21, Varanda, [20º 45’ 51” S 42º 52’ 05” W], 1♂, 26.i.1990, M. A. M. Rocha leg. (MNRJ 6794). Rio de Janeiro: Macaé, Parque Natural Municipal Atalaia, [22° 17’ S 42° 28’ W], 2♂, 04.ix.2010, G. Costa leg. (UFRJ 6464); Cachoeiras do Macacu, Reserva Biológica de Guapiaçu, 22° 25’ 45” S 2° 44’ 62” W, 1♂ e 1j, 8–12.xi.2001, A. Giupponi leg. (MNRJ 3555); Pinheiral, [22° 31’ S 43° 59’ W], 2♂ e 1♀, M. Mello leg. (MNRJ 1). São Paulo: São Luiz do Paraitinga, [23° 13’ S 45° 18’ W] 1♂, 28.ii–1º. iii.2005, I. Messina leg. (IBSP 112998); 3♂, 28.ii–1º. iii.2005, I. Messina col. (IBSP 112999, one removed for SEM); 1♂ e 1♀, 28.ii–1º. iii.2005, I. Messina leg. (IBSP 113000); Parque Estadual Serra do Mar, Núcleo Santa Virgínia, [23° 24’ 18” S 45° 15’ 51” W], 1♂, 19.i.2005, Prado leg. (IBSP 113419, 113420, 113421, 113422, 113423, 113424).
Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition from the type locality name.
Diagnosis. Males of A. paraitinga differ from those of most species of the genus by the delicate embolus and notable BTA placed medially on prolateral tegular surface. Males differ from those of all other species of the group by the tegulum with a swelling, above PA (visible on both prolateral and retrolateral views) and by the thinner embolus (Fig. 59 A–C). Females differ from those of other species by a unique combination of characters: two receptacles, each with two lobes; external lobe subtriangular, bigger than internal lobe and the presence on external lateral wall of each receptacle with a slight swelling (Fig. 59 D).
MALE (IBSP 113424): Total length 12.12; Carapace, long 6.25; wide 6.25. Carapace anterior part tapering. Anterioreyerowslightlyprocurved,posteriorrowrecurved (Fig. 55 B). Six bristles between AME-clypeus. Sternum with eight sigilla fused medially, all sigilla strongly demarcated and fused to each other (Fig. 55 C) Rastellum protuberant, inverted V-shaped, hirsute, with two spines apically (Fig. 55 E–F). Chelicerae with denticles along prolateral row of teeth. Prolateral row with five megateeth and two denticles. Retrolateral row with five megateeth and three teeth between three basal megateeth (Fig. 55 D). Patella and tibia III with distal crown of well-developed thorns, not interrupted in middle (Fig. 56 A–D). Patellae III and IV with spines on prolaterodorsal face (Figs. 56 A, C). Patella IV with prolaterodorsal short spines along extension of article (Fig. 56 D). Ventral pseudoscopulae occupying 30% of tarsi I, 40% of II and 100% of III and IV, and occupying 15% of metatarsi I. Pseudoscopula of tarsi I and II with setae spaced, forming diffuse group of bristles. Carapace, chelicerae, sternum, coxae, trochantera, femora, patellae, tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi reddish brown, tibia of palp yellow and abdomen pale brown (Fig. 55 A). Eyes: Diameters: PME 0.3 PLE 0.4; ALE 0.5; AME 0.4; MOQ: Length 1.25, front width 2.7, back width 2.55; Interdistances: PME–PME 1.35, PLE–PME 0.15, AME–AME 0.2, ALE–AME 0.55, ALE–PLE 0.6, AME–PME 0.45. Ocular area: OAL 4.25, OAW 3.55, and IF 1.55. Body: Clypeus: 0.37; Fovea: 2.32; Labium: long 1.58; wide 1.08; Chelicerae: long 3.08; wide 1.83; Sternum: long 4.3; wide 3.4. Abdomen: long 4.9; wide 3.9. Leg measurements: I: Fe 7.25/ Pa 2.87/ Ti 4.37/ Me 5/ Ta 3.12/ total 22.62. II: 7.25/ 3/ 9.5/ 5.37/ 3/ 28.12. III: 7.37/ 3/ 3.37/ 8/ 3.37/ 25.12. IV: 7.75/ 3.12/ 6.37/ 5.75/ 3.87/ 26.87. Formula 4123. Spination: I—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; ti v0-3-5, d0, p0-0-1, r0-0-4; Me v1-7-5, d0, p1-2-4, r3-3-3; ta v0-0-2, d0, p1-3-5, r3-5-9. II—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; ti v1-1-7, d0, p0, r0-6-10; Me v2-8-12, d0, p1-3-3, r5-3-4; ta v0-1-3, d0, p2-4-3, r4-5-14. III—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d1-3-29, p0-1-3, r0-0-2; ti v0-0-7, d0-1-11, p0-0-2, r0-2-9; Me v1- 15-18, d0, p2-1-1, r4-5-5; ta v0-0-5, d0, p4-7-10, r6-14- 15; IV—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d20-15-9, p2-0-1, r0; ti v2-2-7, d0, p0, r0; Me v6-8-14, d0, p0-1-4, r0-0-2; ta v0-0-4, d0, p4-8-11, r3-9-18. Palp: PA well developed, embolus with three keels (PAc, PI and PS). Basal surface of tegulum with swelling above PA. BTA well developed, placed medially on prolateral tegular surface; prolateral tegulum serrated next to base of embolus; embolar base thin (Fig. 59 A–C).
FEMALE (MNRJ 1): Total length 12.37; Carapace, long7.37; wide 7.5. Carapace anterior part square.Anterior eye row slightly procurved, posterior row recurved. Short bristles between AME-clypeus, one long bristle between PLE–ALE, short and long bristles between posterior eyes-fovea and short bristles between lateral eyes-edge of carapace (Fig. 57 B). Sternum with eight sigilla strongly fused medially, all sigilla very fused to each other (Fig. 57 C). Rastellum protuberant, subquadrate, hirsute, with row of spines on edge of rastellum and many spines on dorsal rastellum (Fig. 57 E–F). Chelicerae with denticles along prolateral row of teeth. Prolateral row with four megateeth and two teeth between three basal megateeth. Retrolateral row with five megateeth and four teeth between four basal megateeth (Fig. 57 D). Patella and tibia III with distal developed crowns of thorns (Fig. 58 A–B). Patella IV with prolaterodorsal spines along extension of article (Fig. 58 C). Tibia IV without spines along extension of article (Fig. 58 D). Carapace, chelicerae, sternum, coxae, trochantera, femora, patellae, Tibia, metatarsi, tarsi and palp reddish brown, and abdomen pale gray (Fig. 57 A). 32 labial cuspules, 134 on right maxilla and 147 on left. Eyes: Diameters: PME 0.24 PLE 0.4 ALE 0.4, AME 0.16; MOQ: Length 1.32, front width 4.08, back width 3.52; Interdistances: PME–PME 2.12, PLE–PME 0.12, AME–AME 0.16, ALE–AME 1.72, ALE–PLE 0.92, AME–PME 0.96. Ocular area: OAL 6.5, OAW 4.37, and IF 2.62. Body: Clypeus: 0.37; Fovea: 3.87; Labium: long 1.62; wide 1.5; Chelicerae: long 3.25; wide 2.87; Sternum: long 5.37; wide 4.75. Abdomen: long 11.87; wide 9.25. Leg measurements: I: Fe 3.5/ Pa 2.75/ Ti 2/ Me 2.62/ Ta 1.25/ total 12.12. II: 3.5/ 3/ 2.12/ 2.87/ 0.87/ 12.37. III: 4.12/ 2.87/ 0.75/ 3/ 1.12/ 11.87. IV: 5/ 3/ 3.12/ 3.25/ 1.25/ 15.62. Formula 4123. Spination: I—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; ti v0, d0, p0-2-4, r3-11-8; Me v1-1-3, d0, p9-8-7, r6-8-6; ta v0-0-2, d0, p4-3-2, r5-5-6. II—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0, p0, r0; ti v0-2-0, d0, p0-0- 1, r14-45-27; Me v0-0-1, d0, p5-9-8, r13-11-6; ta v0-1-4, d0, p6-7-3, r7-6-6. III—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d0-3-41, p0, r0-1-35; ti v0, d1-0-22, p0-0-4, r2-22-17; Me v0-3-8, d0-0-3, p6-3-4, r5-15-10; ta v23-22-20, d0, p7-8-9, r5-14- 9; IV—Fe v0, d0, p0, r0; Pa v0, d29-31-10, p0-1-0, r0; ti v0, d0, p0, r0; Me v0-0-2, d0-0-1, p1-7-7, r0; ta v5-13-9, d0, p3-11-9, r0-0-2. Spermathecae: Seminal receptacles slightly asymmetrical, as long as wide, with short ducts. Receptacles bilobed, external lobe subtriangular, bigger than internal one. Pore distribution reaching apical half of each receptacle (Fig. 59 D).
VARIATION
MALES (n=10): Eyes: Diameters: PME 0.24–0.32, PLE 0.28–0.40, ALE 0.44–0.60, AME 0.36–0.56; MOQ: Length 1.08–1.25, front width 2.6–3.2, back width 2.44– 2.84; Interdistances: PME–PME 1.24 – 1.72, PLE–PME 0.08–0.16, AME–AME 0.16–0.28, ALE–AME 0.48– 0.72, ALE–PLE 0.4–0.64, AME–PME 0.32–0.52. Ocular area: OAL 3.87–5, OAW 3.37–4.8, and IF 1.55–2.83. Body: Total length: 11.37–15.50; Carapace: long 5.5–7.2; wide 5.62–6.87; Clypeus: 0.12–0.37; Fovea: 1.95–2.75; Labium: long 1.05–1.58; wide 1–1.25; Chelicerae: long 1.1–3.08; wide 1.2–2.37; Sternum: long 3.6–4.75; wide 3–4. Abdomen: long 4.9–7.25; wide 3.87–5.87. Leg measurements: I: Fe 5.12–8/ Pa 2.37–3.25/ Ti 3.62–5/ Me 4–5.62/Ta 2.37–3.62/ total 17.75–24.75.II: 5.62–7.75/ 2.5–3.25/ 3.62–9.5/ 4.25–5.87/ 2.75–3.5/ 18,62–28.12. III: 4.37–7.37/ 2.5–3.37/ 2.62–4/ 4.62–8/ 2.75–4.12/ 17– 25.12. IV: 6–8.5/ 2.75–3.62/ 5.12–7/ 5–7.25/ 2.75–4.37/ 21.62–30.75. FEMALES (n=2): Eyes: Diameters: PME 0.24–0.32, PLE 0.36–0.4, ALE 0.4–0.48, AME 0.16–0.2; MOQ: Length 1.32–1.4, front width 3.6–4.08, back width 3.24–3.52; Interdistances: PME–PME 1.88 – 2.12, PLE–PME 0.12–0.16, AME–AME 0.16–0.4, ALE–AME 1.12 – 1.72, ALE–PLE 0.8–0.92, AME–PME 0.72–0.96. Ocular area: OAL 5.9–6.5, OAW 4.37–4.7, and IF 2.6–2.62. Body: Total length: 13.9; Carapace: long 7.37–8.25; wide 7–7.5; Clypeus: 0.37–0.5; Fovea: 3.62–3.87; Labium: long 1.62–1.7; wide 1–1.5; Chelicerae: long 3.25–4.25; wide 2.75–2.87; Sternum: long 5.37–5.4; wide 4.5–4.75. Abdomen: long 11.87; wide 9.25. Leg measurements: I: Fe 3.5–4.25/ Pa 2.75–2.87/ Ti 2/ Me 2.5–2.62/ Ta 1.25–1.37/ total 12.12–13. II: 3.5–4.37/ 2.87–3/ 2.12/ 2.75–2.87/ 0.87–1.37/ 12.37–13.5. III: 4–4.12/ 2.87–3.37/ 0.75–1.62/ 3–3.12/ 1.12/ 11.87–13.25. IV: 5–5.5/ 3–3.5/ 3.12/ 3.25–3.62/ 1.25–1.37/ 15.62–17.12. Formula 4123. Distribution. BRAZIL: Goiás: Padre Bernardo.S „o Paulo: S„o Luiz do Paraitinga. Minas Gerais: Belo Horizonte and Vioçosa. Rio de Janeiro: Macaé, Cachoeiras do Macacu and Pinheiral (Map 4).
description: Published as part of Miglio, Laura Tavares, Pérez-Miles, Fernando & Bonaldo, Alexandre B., 2020, Taxonomic Revision of the Spider Genus Actinopus Perty, 1833 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Actinopodidae), pp. 1-256 in Megataxa 2 (1) on pages 63-68, DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.2.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5597237