cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 11 of Systematic review and meta-analysis of case-crossover and time-series studies of short term outdoor nitrogen dioxide exposure and ischemic heart disease morbidity
Creators: name: Stieb, David M.
name: Zheng, Carine
name: Salama, Dina
name: Berjawi, Rania
name: Emode, Monica
name: Hocking, Robyn
name: Lyrette, Ninon
name: Carlyn Matz
name: Lavigne, Eric
name: Hwashin H. Shin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 11. Navigation Guide Criteria for Overall Quality and Strength of Evidencea.
Tracking and recognizing actions of multiple hockey players using the boosted particle filter
Creators: name: Lu, Wei-Lwun
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis presents a system that can automatically track multiple hockey players and simultaneously recognize their actions given a single broadcast video sequence, where detection is complicated by a panning, tilting, and zooming camera. Firstly, we use the Histograms of Oriented Gradients (HOG) to represent the players, and introduce a probabilistic framework to model the appearance of the players by a mixture of local subspaces. We also employ an efficient offline learning algorithm to learn the templates from training data, and an efficient online filtering algorithm to update the templates used by the tracker. Secondly, we recognize the players' actions by incorporating the HOG descriptors with a pure multi-class sparse classifier with a robust motion similarity measure. Lastly, we augment the Boosted Particle Filter (BPF) with new observation model and template updater that improves the robustness of the tracking system. Experiments on long sequences show promising quantitative and qualitative results, and the system can run smoothly in near realtime.
Additional file 4 of Shedding light: a phylotranscriptomic perspective illuminates the origin of photosymbiosis in marine bivalves
Creators: name: Jingchun Li
name: Lemer, Sarah
name: Kirkendale, Lisa
name: Bieler, Rüdiger
name: Cavanaugh, Colleen
name: Giribet, Gonzalo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 4 : Figure S2. A heat map of relative composition frequency variability (RCFV) values for all orthogroups in Matrix 1. Species name are coded as in Additional file 3: Figure S1.
The Health Care System in Latvia
Creators: name: Stupele, Liva
Publisher: name: Universität Bremen
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Latvia
subject: health
subject: health care
subject: health care system
subject: 300

description: This country report provides a description of the emergence of a health care system under public responsibility in Latvia. The inception of the health care system refers to the first legislation stipulating entitlements to medical care. The report also includes a brief description of major health care reforms, and the current organization of the health care system in Latvia. This report is part of the CRC 1342 Social Policy Country Briefs Series.
An Artificial Neural Network Based Approach for Identification of Native Protein Structures using an Extended ForceField
Creators: name: Fawcett, Timothy Matthew
name: Irausquin, Stephanie
name: Simin, Mikhail
name: Valafar, Homayoun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Current protein forcefields like the ones seen in CHARMM or Xplor-NIH have many terms that include bonded and non-bonded terms. Yet the forcefields do not take into account the use of hydrogen bonds which are important for secondary structure creation and stabilization of proteins. SCOPE is an open-source program that generates proteins from rotamer space. It then creates a forcefield that uses only non-bonded and hydrogen bond energy terms to create a profile for a given protein. The profiles can then be used in an artificial neural network to create a linear model that is funneled to the true protein conformation.
Afirmação da ética e integridade na Ciência Aberta
Creators: name: Silva, Eli Lopes da Silva
name: Rode, Sigmar de Mello Rode
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão Pecha Kucha I da 13ª Conferência Lusófona de Ciência Aberta, formato híbrido, de 10 a 12 de outubro de 2022.
Supplementary document for Low-temperature vanadium dioxide for CMOS integration and flexible polyimide applications - 7378094.pdf
Creators: name: Du, Yuxin
name: Wheeler, Callum
name: de Groot, C.
name: Muskens, Otto
name: Fang, Xu
name: Sun, Kai
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Support information
Exploring the design space for concurrent use of personal and large displays for in-home collaboration
Creators: name: Arksey, Nicole
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Recent technology improvements have led to two trends - larger display screens in the home and more personal computing devices (with displays) being used in the home. We believe these two trends will converge. We want to understand the implications and possibilities of using a large shared display in combination with a small personal display for a variety of in-home applications. This thesis addresses three questions. First, can multiple users work on loosely coupled tasks on a single shared large display? Second, if users are able to work in parallel on a single display, what is the impact of adding a personal display to the large shared display for collaborative tasks? Finally, for those applications that utilize a small personal display and a large display, how difficult is it for users to switch their attention between the displays? We completed a pilot study, a main study and a follow-up study to answer these questions. Subsequently we utilized the results to design and develop the Family Blog, a collaborative application using mobile phones and a large shared display. The results from our pilot study show that users are able to share a large display for loosely coupled tasks and suggest that personally relevant objects should be placed together relative to a user's seated position. Our main study demonstrates that users are able to use both a personal display and a large display for varying levels of coupling for different tasks, but each task should utilize a single display for the majority of the task activity, and that viewing and selecting media and completing collaborative tasks should be done on the shared large display rather the personal display. The results from our follow-up study indicate that while using both a personal and large display, users are able to switch their attention between the two displays without difficulty. Based on these findings, we built an application, the Family Blog that allows users to create photos, video, text, and audio files on a mobile phone, and then upload them to create a video blog of the shared photos on the large display. The Family Blog utilizes and validates our results and design guidelines from the studies.
Propagation of light through amplifying honeycomb photonic lattice
Creators: name: Islam, SK Firoz
name: Simon, Pascal
name: Zyuzin, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider light propagation through a ballistic amplifying photonic honeycomb lattice below the lasing threshold. Two sublattices of the system are formed by the wave-guides with different complex dielectric permittivities, which results in the non-Hermitian Dirac equation for electromagnetic field. We reveal that there exists a critical length of the amplifying region for which the photonic lattice exhibits an amplifier to generator transition. The transmission and reflection probabilities at the normal angle of incidence are strongly enhanced at a critical length of the system. We also comment on the sensitivity of amplification to the direction of incident light and the thickness of the amplifying region.
description: To appear in Physical Review A
Maximal tori determining the algebraic group
Creators: name: Garge, Shripad M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G15

description: Let k be a finite field, a global field or a local non-archimedean field. Let H_1 and H_2 be two split, connected, semisimple algebraic groups defined over k. We prove that if H_1 and H_2 share the same set of maximal k-tori up to k-isomorphism, then the Weyl groups W(H_1) and W(H_2) are isomorphic, and hence the algebraic groups modulo their centers are isomorphic except for a switch of a certain number of factors of type B_n and C_n. We remark that due to a recent result of Philippe Gille, above result holds for fields which admit arbitrary cyclic extensions.
description: 13 pages
Representation of noncommutative phase space
Creators: name: Li, Kang
name: Wang, Jianhua
name: Chen, Chiyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The representations of the algebra of coordinates and momenta of noncommutative phase space are given. We study, as an example, the harmonic oscillator in noncommutative space of any dimension. Finally the map of Sch$\ddot{o}$dinger equation from noncommutative space to commutative space is obtained.
description: Latex file, 10 pages
Dependence of Intensities of Major Geomagnetic Storms (Dst $\le$ -100 nT) on Associated Solar Wind Parameters
Creators: name: Le, Gui-Ming
name: Liu, Gui-Ang
name: Zhao, Ming-Xian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A geomagnetic storm is the result of sustained interaction between solar wind with a southward magnetic field and the magnetosphere. To investigate the influence of various solar wind parameters on the intensity of major geomagnetic storm, 67 major geomagnetic storms that occurred between 1998 and 2006 were used to calculate the correlation coefficients (CCs) between the intensities of major geomagnetic storms and the time integrals of southward interplanetary magnetic field $B_s$, solar wind electric field ($E_y$) and injection function (Q) during the main phase of the associated geomagnetic storms. SYM-H$_{min}$ was used to indicate the intensity of the associated major geomagnetic storm, while I($B_z$), I($E_y$) and I(Q) were used to indicate the time integrals of $B_z$, $E_y$ and Q during the main phase of associated major geomagnetic storm respectively. The derived CC between I($B_z$) and SYM-H$_{min}$ is 0.33, while the CC between I($E_y$) and SYM-H$_{min}$ is 0.57 and the CC between I(Q) and SYM-H$_{min}$ is 0.86. The results provide statistical evidence that solar wind dynamic pressure or solar wind density plays a significant role in transferring solar wind energy into the magnetosphere, in addition to the southward magnetic field and solar wind speed. Solar wind that has a strong geoeffectiveness requires solar wind dynamic pressure $>$3 nPa or solar wind density $>3$ nPa$/V_{sw}^2$. Large and long duration $B_s$ alone cannot ensure a major geomagnetic storm, especially if the solar wind dynamic pressure is very low, as large and long duration Bs is not a full condition, only a necessary condition to trigger a major geomagnetic storm.
The Herschel SPIRE Fourier Transform Spectrometer Spectral Feature Finder III. Line Identification and Off-Axis Spectra
Creators: name: Benson, Chris S.
name: Hladczuk, N.
name: Spencer, Locke D.
name: Robb, A.
name: Scott, J. P.
name: Valtchanov, I.
name: Hopwood, R.
name: Naylor, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ESA Herschel Spectral and Photometric Imaging Receiver (SPIRE) Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) Spectral Feature Finder (FF) project is an automated spectral feature fitting routine developed within the SPIRE instrument team to extract all prominent spectral features from all publicly available SPIRE FTS observations. We present the extension of the FF to include the off-axis detectors of the FTS in sparsely sampled single-pointing observations, the results of which have been ingested into the catalogue. We also present the results from an automated routine for identifications of the atomic/molecular transitions that correspond to the spectral features extracted by the FF. We use a template of 307 atomic fine structure and molecular lines that are commonly found in SPIRE FTS spectra for the cross-match. The routine makes use of information provided by the line identification to search for low signal-to-noise ratio features that have been excluded or missed by the iterative FF. In total, the atomic/molecular transitions of 178,942 lines are identified (corresponding to 83% of the entire FF catalogue), and an additional 33,840 spectral lines associated with missing features from SPIRE FTS observations are added to the FF catalogue.
description: 15 pages (+2 appendix pages), 14 figures, 7 tables, final version accepted by MNRAS June 2020
Additional file 10 of Systematic review and meta-analysis of case-crossover and time-series studies of short term outdoor nitrogen dioxide exposure and ischemic heart disease morbidity
Creators: name: Stieb, David M.
name: Zheng, Carine
name: Salama, Dina
name: Berjawi, Rania
name: Emode, Monica
name: Hocking, Robyn
name: Lyrette, Ninon
name: Carlyn Matz
name: Lavigne, Eric
name: Hwashin H. Shin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 10. Funnel plot of log(Relative Risk) vs. standard error for time-series studies from Fig. 4. Filled circles represent observed values, open circles represent missing studies identified with trim and fill, and the vertical line represents the log of the pooled relative risk. In the absence of publication bias, points should be symmetrically distributed around the vertical line, with smaller studies (larger standard errors on vertical axis) more widely scattered. Filling the plot with points mirroring observed values corrects for apparently missing smaller and/or negative studies which may have been suppressed due to publication bias.
The Clark-Ocone formula for vector valued random variables in abstract Wiener space
Creators: name: Mayer-Wolf, E.
name: Zakai, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H07; 60H25

description: The classical representation of random variables as the Ito integral of nonanticipative integrands is extended to include Banach space valued random variables on an abstract Wiener space equipped with a filtration induced by a resolution of the identity on the Cameron-Martin space. The Ito integral is replaced in this case by an extension of the divergence to random operators, and the operators involved in the representation are adapted with respect to this filtration in a suitably defined sense. However, the published paper contains a mistake which restricts the validity of the main result, as described in the added Erratum.
description: A 1-page erratum now precedes the paper
Perception-based design, including haptic feedback in expressive music interfaces
Creators: name: Pedrosa, Ricardo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: When designing haptic feedback into human-computer interfaces the most common approach is to restrict its deployment to only one of the haptic channels (either force or vibrotactile feedback) and this decision is often biased according to the technological boundaries imposed by the interface design or its purpose. The research presented here outlines a methodology developed to include haptic feedback in a gesture interface used to implement a computer based music instrument. The primary goal of this research is to achieve an increased understanding of how different flavors of haptic feedback should be combined to support both controllability and comfort in expressive interfaces such as computer based musical instruments. The work reported here has two parts: 1) a description of an initial user experiment conducted for the purpose of assessing the use of vibrotactile stimuli as rhythmic cues, and 2) a proposed research trajectory which will constitute the theme for a PhD project. The main hypothesis guiding this research is that the best way to include haptic feedback into any design should start by understanding the role each haptic channel plays in the "real life scenario". The assumption we will put into test is that the feedback provided for each haptic channel could be developed individually and later on fine tuned when mixed in the final design, and this includes that the addition of any extra cues we might be interested in supplying to the end user to enhance the real life experience should be designed and mixed in each haptic channel before the final blend occurs. This methodology could be defined as a "perception-based design": a design approach that starts with a perceptual characterization of the interaction that is being addressed and fine tune the results according to the perceptual load put on the user senses. We expect that the knowledge gathered will be useful not only to a broader spectrum of expressive interfaces but could also be extrapolated to including haptic feedback in other interface designs.
How magnetic field can transform a superconductor into a Bose metal
Creators: name: Ren, Tianhao
name: Tsvelik, Alexei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss whether a simple theory of superconducting stripes coupled by Josephson tunneling can describe a metallic transport, once the coherent tunneling of pairs is suppressed by the magnetic field. For a clean system, the conclusion we reached is negative: the excitation spectrum of preformed pairs consists of Landau levels, and once the magnetic field exceeds a critical value, the transport becomes insulating. As a speculation, we suggest that a Bose metal can exist in disordered systems provided that the disorder is strong enough to localize some pairs. Then the coupling between propagating and localized pairs broadens the Landau levels, resulting in a metallic conductivity. Our model respects the particle-hole symmetry, which leads to a zero Hall response. And intriguingly, the resulting anomalous metallic state has no Drude peak and the spectral weight of the cyclotron resonance vanishes at low temperatures.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
title: Baustellenbeleuchtung
Creators: name: Pfeiffer, Stefan
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Baustellenbeleuchtung

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Beleuchtung von Baustellen während der Nachtstunden beziehungsweise für Situationen, in denen das natürliche Tageslicht für eine effiziente und sichere Arbeit nicht ausreicht. Die Planung und Dimensionierung der Beleuchtung erfolgt im Rahmen der Arbeitsvorbereitung für die Baustelle beziehungsweise im Zuge der Planung der Baustelleneinrichtungsfläche und muss auf alle technischen, organisatorischen und wirtschaftlichen Randbedingungen sorgfältig abgestimmt werden. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit werden die Grundbegriffe der Beleuchtungstechnik erklärt sowie die zur Beleuchtung anwendbaren Leuchtmittel inklusive deren Vor- und Nachteile angeführt. Zusätzlich erfolgt eine Analyse der gesetzlichen Rahmenbedingungen und Vorschriften. Es wird auch der Einsatz von Beleuchtungselementen an exponierten Orten, im Speziellen auf Baustellen unter Tage sowie an explosionsgefährdeten Orten betrachtet und die speziellen Anforderungen an diese Leuchtelemente zusammengestellt. Den Abschluss der Arbeit bildet ein Kostenvergleich von verschiedenen Beleuchtungskonzepten in Abhängigkeit ihres Einsatzortes. Aus dem Einsatzort ergeben sich sowohl lichttechnische Vorgaben (Beleuchtungsstärken) als auch gerätespezifische Anforderungen (Schutzart und Schutzklasse) des Leuchtmittels, welche in diesem Kostenvergleich berücksichtigt und gegenübergestellt werden.
description: The present thesis deals with the lighting of construction sites during the night hours and also for situations in which the natural daylight for an efficient and safe work is not sufficiently available. The planning and design of the lighting should be integrated in the preparation and in the process of planning the building site areas and should be facilitated by this work. In this work the basic concepts of lighting technology were summarized and explained and the possible usable bulbs, including their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, an analysis of the legal framework and regulations was done. Lighting elements in exposed places, especially at tunneling building sites and at other potentially explosive places were also considered. The final part of this work is a comparison of costs of different types of bulbs depending on the condition of the building site. Building sites bring on their own requirements for lighting (luminance levels) and site-specific requirements (ingress protection and protection against electric shock) of the light source, which were all taken into consideration in the cost comparison.
Additional file 12 of Systematic review and meta-analysis of case-crossover and time-series studies of short term outdoor nitrogen dioxide exposure and ischemic heart disease morbidity
Creators: name: Stieb, David M.
name: Zheng, Carine
name: Salama, Dina
name: BerjawI, Rania
name: Emode, Monica
name: Hocking, Robyn
name: Lyrette, Ninon
name: Carlyn Matz
name: Lavigne, Eric
name: Hwashin H. Shin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 12. USEPA/Health Canada Criteria for Evaluating Likelihood of Causal Relationshipa.
Additional file 3 of A systematic literature review of existing conceptualisation and measurement of mental health literacy in adolescent research: current challenges and inconsistencies
Creators: name: Mansfield, Rosie
name: Praveetha Patalay
name: Humphrey, Neil
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. full reference list of included articles.
Supernova neutrinos: production, propagation and oscillations
Creators: name: Dighe, Amol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I shall review some of the recent results concerning the astrophysics of a core collapse supernova (SN) and neutrino oscillations. Neutrinos play an important role in the SN explosion, and they also carry most of the energy of the collapse. The energy spectra of neutrinos and antineutrinos arriving at the Earth incorporate information on the primary neutrino fluxes as well as the neutrino mixing scenario. The analysis of neutrino propagation through the matter of the supernova and the Earth, combined with the observation of a neutrino burst from a galactic SN, enables us to put limits on the mixing angle $θ_{13}$ and identify whether the mass hierarchy is normal or inverted. The neutrino burst also acts as an early warning signal for the optical observation, and in addition allows us to have a peek at the shock wave while still inside the SN mantle.
description: 8 pages, uses espcrc2.sty (Nucl. Phys. B). Talk given at Neutrino 2004, Paris
Les recherches en Protection des Plantes a l'INRA Antilles-Guyane : Priorites 1993- 1995
Plant Protection researches at INRA Antilles-Guyane - Priorities 1993-1995
Creators: name: Kermarrec, A.
name: Kermarrec, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Les recherches de base indispensables a l' etablissement de strategies durables de lutte integree sont menees a l'INRA en Guadeloupe, en collaboration etroite avec les autres organismes de recherche agronomique presents dans la region (CIRAD*, ORSTOM*), ainsi qu'avec le Service de la Protection des Vegetaux. Les priorites portent, d'une part, sur une connaissance approfondie des pathogenes et ravageurs ainsi que de leurs regulateurs naturels, et d'autre part, sur la recherche de resistances aux maladies et invertebres chez les plantes cultivees. Les recherches amenent a prendre en compte, dans le cadre de strategies raisonnees experimentees par le GRISP*, les differentes methodes de protection des cultures, qu'elles soient chimiques, genetiques, biologiques ou culturales. La cooperation regionale intra-caraibe est une priorite qui peut encore etre developpee avec une aide accrue de la C.E.E. * .
A Unified Computational and Statistical Framework for Nonconvex Low-Rank Matrix Estimation
Creators: name: Wang, Lingxiao
name: Zhang, Xiao
name: Gu, Quanquan
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: We propose a unified framework for estimating low-rank matrices through nonconvex optimization based on gradient descent algorithm. Our framework is quite general and can be applied to both noisy and noiseless observations. In the general case with noisy observations, we show that our algorithm is guaranteed to linearly converge to the unknown low-rank matrix up to minimax optimal statistical error, provided an appropriate initial estimator. While in the generic noiseless setting, our algorithm converges to the unknown low-rank matrix at a linear rate and enables exact recovery with optimal sample complexity. In addition, we develop a new initialization algorithm to provide a desired initial estimator, which outperforms existing initialization algorithms for nonconvex low-rank matrix estimation. We illustrate the superiority of our framework through three examples: matrix regression, matrix completion, and one-bit matrix completion. We also corroborate our theory through extensive experiments on synthetic data.
Localized magnetic field structures and their boundaries in the near-Sun solar wind from Parker Solar Probe measurements
Creators: name: Krasnoselskikh, V.
name: Larosa, A.
name: Agapitov, O.
name: de Wit, T. Dudok
name: Moncuquet, M.
name: Mozer, F. S.
name: Stevens, M.
name: Bale, S. D.
name: Bonnell, J.
name: Froment, C.
name: Goetz, K.
name: Goodrich, K.
name: Harvey, P.
name: Kasper, J.
name: MacDowall, R.
name: Malaspina, D.
name: Pulupa, M.
name: Raouafi, N.
name: Revillet, C.
name: Velli, M.
name: Wygant, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the discoveries made by Parker Solar Probe during first encounters with the Sun is the ubiquitous presence of relatively small-scale structures standing out as sudden deflections of the magnetic field. They were called switchbacks as some of them show up the full reversal of the radial component of the magnetic field and then return to regular conditions. Analyzing the magnetic field and plasma perturbations associated with switchbacks we identify three types of structures with slightly different characteristics: 1. Alfvenic structures, where the variations of the magnetic field components take place while the magnitude of the field remains constant; 2. Compressional, the field magnitude varies together with changes of the components; 3. Structures manifesting full reversal of the magnetic field (extremal class of Alfvenic structures). Processing of structures boundaries and plasma bulk velocity perturbations lead to the conclusion that they represent localized magnetic field tubes with enhanced parallel plasma velocity and ion beta moving together with respect to surrounding plasma. The magnetic field deflections before and after the switchbacks reveal the existence of total axial current. The electric currents are concentrated on the relatively narrow boundary layers on the surface of the tubes and determine the magnetic field perturbations inside the tube. These currents are closed on the structure surface, and typically have comparable azimuthal and the axial components. The surface of the structure may also accommodate an electromagnetic wave, that assists to particles in carrying currents. We suggest that the two types of structures we analyzed here may represent the local manifestations of the tube deformations corresponding to a saturated stage of the Firehose instability development.
description: 27 pages, 18 Figures, submitted to ApJ Supplement
Light- and strange-quark mass dependence of the $ρ(770)$ meson revisited
Creators: name: Molina, R.
name: de Elvira, J. Ruiz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent lattice data on $ππ$-scattering phase shifts in the vector-isovector channel, pseudoscalar meson masses and decay constants for strange-quark masses smaller or equal to the physical value allow us to study the strangeness dependence of these observables for the first time. We perform a global analysis on two kind of lattice trajectories depending on whether the sum of quark masses or the strange-quark mass is kept fixed to the physical point. The quark mass dependence of these observables is extracted from unitarized coupled-channel one-loop Chiral Perturbation Theory. This analysis guides new predictions on the $ρ(770)$ meson properties over trajectories where the strange-quark mass is lighter than the physical mass, as well as on the SU(3) symmetric line. As a result, the light- and strange-quark mass dependence of the $ρ(770)$ meson parameters are discussed and precise values of the Low Energy Constants present in unitarized one-loop Chiral Perturbation Theory are given. Finally, the current discrepancy between two- and three-flavor lattice results for the $ρ(770)$ meson is studied.
description: 44 pages, 41 figures, 11 tables
On the order of finite semisimple groups
Creators: name: Garge, Shripad M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is a theorem of Artin, Tits et al. that a finite simple group is determined by its order, with the exception of the groups (A_3(2), A_2(4)) and (B_n(q), C_n(q)) for n > 2, q odd. We investigate the situation for finite semisimple groups of Lie type. It turns out that the order of the finite group H(F_q) for a split semisimple algebraic group H defined over F_q, does not determine the group H upto isomorphism, but it determines the field F_q under some mild conditions. We then put a group structure on the pairs (H_1, H_2) of split semisimple groups defined over a fixed field F_q such that the orders of the finite groups H_1(F_q) and H_2(F_q) are the same and the groups H_i have no common simple direct factors. We obtain an explicit set of generators for this abelian, torsion-free group. We finally give a geometric reasoning for these order coincidences.
description: 17 pages
Indigenous egg parasitoids of root weevils, Exophtalmus spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Jamaica, West Indies.
Parasites naturels des oeufs de borers des racines, Exophtalmus spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) à la Jamaique.
Creators: name: Clarke, D.
name: Alam, M.
name: Mansingh, A.
name: Clarke, D.
name: Alam, M.
name: Mansingh, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The egg parasites of citrus root weevil complex of the Caribbean and Florida have been known to contribute appreciably to the control of these pests for decades. In Jamaica however, no emphasis was placed on developing biological control strategies as chemical pesticides had the confidence of the citrus industry. Field sampling of egg masses for parasitism levels at two plantation sites from August 1990 to April 1993 showed levels of 94 % and 71 % for United Estates, St. Catherine and Greenwood Farms, St. Mary respectively. Since April 1991,139, 160 F. citri and 197,850 A. haitiensis have been released at United States. Assessment of release activities showed higher parasitism levels in areas where releases were can·ied out though these observations were not consistent over time.
MAGIC and the Search for Signatures of Supersymmetric Dark Matter
Creators: name: Elsaesser, Dominik
name: Mannheim, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 17m Imaging Air shower Cherenkov Telescope MAGIC (Roque de los Muchachos Observatory, La Palma, Canary Islands) has recently entered its commissioning phase. One of the main goals of the MAGIC telescope project is to provide an unprecedented sensitivity for the detection of gamma rays with energies as low as 30 GeV. A dedicated search for the gamma rays expected to be produced by WIMP annihilations is a prime object of the MAGIC physics program. We consider annihilating supersymmetric dark matter in M 87 and discuss a possible observation strategy. New calculations concerning the extragalactic gamma ray and neutrino backgrounds owing to cosmological neutralino annihilation are also briefly discussed.
description: To be published in the proceedings of the "6th UCLA Symposium on Sources and Detection of Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe", Marina del Rey, 2004
The virtual K-theory of Quot schemes of surfaces
Creators: name: Arbesfeld, Noah
name: Johnson, Drew
name: Lim, Woonam
name: Oprea, Dragos
name: Pandharipande, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study virtual invariants of Quot schemes parametrizing quotients of dimension at most 1 of the trivial sheaf of rank N on nonsingular projective surfaces. We conjecture that the generating series of virtual K-theoretic invariants are given by rational functions. We prove rationality for several geometries including punctual quotients for all smooth projective surfaces and dimension 1 quotients for surfaces X with p_g>0. We also show that the generating series of virtual cobordism classes can be irrational. Given a K-theory class on X of rank r, we associate natural series of virtual Segre and Verlinde numbers. We show that the Segre and Verlinde series match in the following three cases: Quot schemes of dimension 0 quotients, Hilbert schemes of points and curves over surfaces with p_g>0, Quot schemes of minimal elliptic surfaces for quotients supported on fiber classes. Moreover, for punctual quotients of the trivial sheaf of rank N, we prove a new symmetry of the Segre/Verlinde series exchanging r and N. The Segre/Verlinde statements have analogues for punctual Quot schemes over curves.
title: Modeling individual's familiarity of places using social media
Creators: name: Wang, Wangshu
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Social media
subject: Place familiarity
subject: Meaningful places
subject: Clustering

description: Different people have different prior knowledge of a certain environment, which makes it hard to provide a geo-related service (e.g. navigation) that fits all. In order to provide a service adapted to individual's spatial knowledge, a model of individual's prior knowledge of the environment is needed. The growing popularity of location aware social media provides a unique opportunity to study individual's spatial knowledge. With Foursquare being one of the most popular location-based social media, this thesis focuses on modeling individual's familiarity of places by using Foursquare data. To achieve this overall goal, two objectives are set. The first objective is to identify individual's meaningful places. To derive meaningful places from the check-ins on Foursquare, which represent the frequency of visits to a place, an appropriate clustering algorithm is required. A comparison of four existing clustering algorithms (SLINK, K-means, DBSCAN and EM Algorithm for Gaussian Mixture Model) was then conducted. DBSCAN turned out to have the best overall performance. To attain the second objective, which is to model individual's familiarity of places, information indicating the affected responses of an individual, e.g., the text descriptions and photos along with a check-in, was added to weight each check-in and eventually to measure the familiarity. To evaluate the modeling framework, an online survey was carried out. The results demonstrated the possibility to model individual's familiarity of places using social media.
A new proxy to estimate the cosmic-ray ionisation rate in dense cores
Creators: name: Bovino, Stefano
name: Ferrada-Chamorro, Simon
name: Lupi, Alessandro
name: Schleicher, Dominik R. G.
name: Caselli, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic rays are a global source of ionisation, and the ionisation fraction represents a fundamental parameter in the interstellar medium. Ions couple to magnetic fields, affect the chemistry, and the dynamics of star-forming regions as well as planetary atmospheres. However, the cosmic-ray ionisation rate represents one of the bottlenecks for astrochemical models, and its determination is one of the most puzzling problems in astrophysics. While for diffuse clouds reasonable values have been provided from H$_3^+$ observations, for dense clouds, due to the lack of rotational transitions, this is not possible, and estimates are strongly biased by the employed model. We present here an analytical expression, obtained from first principles, to estimate the cosmic-ray ionisation rate from observational quantities. The theoretical predictions are validated with high-resolution three-dimensional numerical simulations and applied to the well known core L1544; we obtained an estimate of $ζ_2 \sim 2-3 \times 10^{-17}$ s$^{-1}$. Our results and the analytical formulae provided represent the first model-independent, robust tool to probe the cosmic-ray ionisation rate in the densest part of star-forming regions (on spatial scales of $R \leq 0.05$ pc). An error analysis is presented to give statistical relevance to our study.
description: Accepted on MNRAS Letters
Preventing denial-of-service attacks with packet symmetry
Creators: name: Wood, Mike
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Denial-of-service (DoS) attacks are a serious problem affecting the Internet today with security firms estimating over 5000 attacks are launched per day, leading to revenue loss and tarnished reputations for online businesses. These attacks remain prevalent and successful because the Internet has no mechanism to distinguish wanted from unwanted packets. The core of the Internet impartially forwards any packet to its destination without regard as to whether the destination actually desires said packet or not. This thesis evaluates packet symmetry [47] as a heuristic to distinguish wanted from unwanted traffic at the source network, to enable proactive filtering of DoS attack traffic before it reaches the core. Packet symmetry measures the "goodness" of outgoing traffic using the ratio of transmitted-to-reply packets with a lower ratio implying better traffic. A packet symmetry limiter shapes outgoing traffic to ensure the per-flow ratio of transmission-to-reply packets never exceeds a pre-defined threshold. This empowers DoS victims to throttle any unwanted traffic from symmetry-limited sources simply by not replying to those sources' requests. This power is especially important for end users and small businesses, who make up the majority of DoS attack victims [56, 53], that cannot afford to over-provision network resources as a means to tolerate massive flooding attacks. The net effect is that a network governed by packet symmetry cannot be the source of flooding DoS attacks, as senders are automatically rate-limited proportional to the rate of reply. In this thesis, analysis of network traces helps derive packet symmetry limiting principles and thresholds that effectively discern innocent from malicious DoS traffic with few false-positives. The implementation of a symmetry limiter prototype for the Linux kernel and corresponding deployment on a UBC research lab network evaluate the efficacy of the solution on live traffic with encouraging performance and usability results.
Galaxy cluster mass estimation with deep learning and hydrodynamical simulations
Creators: name: Yan, Z.
name: Mead, A. J.
name: Van Waerbeke, L.
name: Hinshaw, G.
name: McCarthy, I. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the ability of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to predict galaxy cluster masses in the BAHAMAS hydrodynamical simulations. We train four separate single-channel networks using: stellar mass, soft X-ray flux, bolometric X-ray flux, and the Compton $y$ parameter as observational tracers, respectively. Our training set consists of $\sim$4800 synthetic cluster images generated from the simulation, while an additional $\sim$3200 images form a validation set and a test set, each with 1600 images. In order to mimic real observation, these images also contain uncorrelated structures located within 50 Mpc in front and behind clusters and seen in projection, as well as instrumental systematics including noise and smoothing. In addition to CNNs for all the four observables, we also train a `multi-channel' CNN by combining the four observational tracers. The learning curves of all the five CNNs converge within 1000 epochs. The resulting predictions are especially precise for halo masses in the range $10^{13.25}M_{\odot}
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables, Accepted for Publication on MNRAS
Decline of cabbage production in Barbados: causes and solutions
Déclin de la culture du chou à la Barbade : causes et solutions
Creators: name: Chinnery, L.E.
name: Gibbs, I.H.
name: Chandler, L.R.
name: Chinnery, L.E.
name: Gibbs, I.H.
name: Chandler, L.R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Since 1980 there have been marked declines in cabbage production in the area planted under cabbage in Barbados. It is likely that these were in response to the development of insecticide resistance in the major pest of Brassica in the island, the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella). Data are presented on levels of insecticide resistance in P. xylostella and minimal insecticide resistance in its parasitoid Cotesia plutella. Strategies for managing insecticide resistance are discussed and results from trials conducted with new and novel insecticides are presented.
Umgang mit ängstlichen Kindern Wahrnehmungsmuster, Handlungsstrategien und Ressourcen von Kindergartenlehrpersonen
Creators: name: Neumann, Noemi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Angst
Kind
Strategie
Masterarbeit

description: Angststörungen entwickeln sich früh und gehören zu den häufigsten psychischen Störungen des Kindes und Jugendalters. Der Kindergarten eignet sich besonders, um gefährdete Kinder frühzeitig zu erkennen und zu stärken. Da ängstliche Kinder ihre Ängste oft nicht benennen können, ist der Umgang mit ihnen jedoch anspruchsvoll. Diese Masterarbeit befasst sich mit der Frage, wie Kindergartenlehrpersonen unter gegebenen Rahmenbedingungen die Ängste der Kinder wahrnehmen und welche Handlungsstrategien sie zu deren Unterstützung einsetzen. Methodisch wurden die Wahrnehmungsmuster und Ressourcen der Kindergartenlehrpersonen durch fokussierte Interviews und Fallvignetten erfasst. Nach der Transkription analysierte man die Daten mit Hilfe eines inhaltsanalytischen Kategoriensystems qualitativ. Diese Arbeit deckt Zusammenhänge auf und impliziert Handlungsansätze zur Optimierung der Situation.
Stringy Structure at the BPS Bound
Creators: name: Martinec, Emil J.
name: Massai, Stefano
name: Turton, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the stringy structure of 1/2-BPS bound states of NS fivebranes carrying momentum or fundamental string charge, in the decoupling limits leading to little string theory and to AdS3/CFT2 duality. We develop an exact worldsheet description of these states using null-gauged sigma models, and illustrate the construction by deriving the closed-form solution sourced by an elliptical NS5-F1 supertube. The Calabi-Yau/Landau-Ginsburg correspondence maps this geometrical worldsheet description to a non-compact LG model whose superpotential is determined by the fivebrane source configuration. Singular limits of the 1/2-BPS configuration space result when the fivebrane worldvolume self-intersects, as can be seen from both sides of the CY/LG duality - on the Landau-Ginsburg side from the degeneration of the superpotential(s), and on the geometrical side from an analysis of D-brane probes. These singular limits are a portal to black hole formation via the condensation of the branes that are becoming massless, and thus exhibit in the gravitational bulk description the central actors in the non-gravitational dual theory underlying black hole thermodynamics.
description: 65 pages, 12 figures. v2: minor corrections
A Universal Variance Reduction-Based Catalyst for Nonconvex Low-Rank Matrix Recovery
Creators: name: Wang, Lingxiao
name: Zhang, Xiao
name: Gu, Quanquan
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: We propose a generic framework based on a new stochastic variance-reduced gradient descent algorithm for accelerating nonconvex low-rank matrix recovery. Starting from an appropriate initial estimator, our proposed algorithm performs projected gradient descent based on a novel semi-stochastic gradient specifically designed for low-rank matrix recovery. Based upon the mild restricted strong convexity and smoothness conditions, we derive a projected notion of the restricted Lipschitz continuous gradient property, and prove that our algorithm enjoys linear convergence rate to the unknown low-rank matrix with an improved computational complexity. Moreover, our algorithm can be employed to both noiseless and noisy observations, where the optimal sample complexity and the minimax optimal statistical rate can be attained respectively. We further illustrate the superiority of our generic framework through several specific examples, both theoretically and experimentally.