cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mott localization in a pure stripe antiferromagnet Rb$_{1-δ}$Fe$_{1.5-σ}$S$_2$
Creators: name: Wang, Meng
name: Yi, Ming
name: Cao, Huibo
name: de la Cruz, C.
name: Mo, S. K.
name: Huang, Q. Z.
name: Bourret-Courchesne, E.
name: Dai, Pengcheng
name: Lee, D. H.
name: Shen, Z. X.
name: Birgeneau, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A combination of neutron diffraction and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements on a pure antiferromagnetic stripe Rb$_{1-δ}$Fe$_{1.5-σ}$S$_2$ is reported. A neutron diffraction experiment on a powder sample shows that a 98$\%$ volume fraction of the sample is in the antiferromagnetic stripe phase with rhombic iron vacancy order and a refined composition of Rb$_{0.66}$Fe$_{1.36}$S$_{2}$, and that only 2$\%$ of the sample is in the block antiferromagnetic phase with $\sqrt{5}\times \sqrt{5}$ iron vacancy order. Furthermore, a neutron diffraction experiment on a single crystal shows that there is only a single phase with the stripe antiferromagnetic order with the refined composition of Rb$_{0.78}$Fe$_{1.35}$S$_2$, while the phase with block antiferromagnetic order is absent. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements on the same crystal with the pure stripe phase reveal that the electronic structure is gapped at the Fermi level with a gap larger than 0.325 eV. The data collectively demonstrates that the extra 10$\%$ iron vacancies in addition to the rhombic iron vacancy order effectively impede the formation of the block antiferromagnetic phase; the data also suggest that the stripe antiferromagnetic phase with rhombic iron vacancy order is a Mott insulator.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, to be published on PRB Rapid Communications
Innovation and informal knowledge exchanges between firms
Creators: name: Raimbault, Juste
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Firm clusters are seen as having a positive effect on innovations, what can be interpreted as economies of scale or knowledge spillovers. The processes underlying the success of these clusters remain difficult to isolate. We propose in this paper a stylised agent-based model to test the role of geographical proximity and informal knowledge exchanges between firms on the emergence of innovations. The model is run on synthetic firm clusters. Sensitivity analysis and systematic model exploration unveil a strong impact of interaction distance on innovations, with a qualitative shift when spatial interactions are more intense. Model bi-objective optimisation shows a compromise between innovation and product diversity, suggesting trade-offs for clusters in practice. This model provides thus a first basis to systematically explore the interplay between firm cluster geography and innovation, from an evolutionary perspective.
Reversible Computations of One-Way Counter Automata
Creators: name: Kutrib, Martin
name: Malcher, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deterministic one-way time-bounded multi-counter automata are studied with respect to their ability to perform reversible computations, which means that the automata are also backward deterministic and, thus, are able to uniquely step the computation back and forth. We study the computational capacity of such devices and obtain separation results between irreversible and reversible k-counter automata for superpolynomial time. For exponential time we obtain moreover an infinite and tight hierarchy with respect to the number of counters. This hierarchy is shown with Kolmogorov complexity and incompressibility arguments. In this way, on passing we can prove this hierarchy also for ordinary counter automata. This improves the known hierarchy for ordinary counter automata in the sense that here we consider a weaker acceptance condition. Then, it turns out that k+1 reversible counters are not better than k ordinary counters and vice versa. Finally, almost all usually studied decidability questions turn out to be undecidable and not even semidecidable for reversible multi-counter automata, if at least two counters are provided.
description: In Proceedings NCMA 2022, arXiv:2208.13015
Modeling and control of an agile tail-sitter aircraft
Creators: name: Wang, Xinhua
name: Chen, Zengqiang
name: Yuan, Zhuzhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents a model of an agile tail-sitter aircraft, which can operate as a helicopter as well as capable of transition to fixed-wing flight. Aerodynamics of the co-axial counter-rotating propellers with quad rotors are analysed under the condition that the co-axial is operated at equal rotor torque (power). A finite-time convergent observer based on Lyapunov function is presented to estimate the unknown nonlinear terms in co-axial counter-rotating propellers, the uncertainties and external disturbances during mode transition. Furthermore, a simple controller based on the finite-time convergent observer and quaternion method is designed to implement mode transition.
P versus B: P Systems as a Formal Framework for Controllability of Boolean Networks
Creators: name: Alhazov, Artiom
name: Freund, Rudolf
name: Ivanov, Sergiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Membrane computing and P systems are a paradigm of massively parallel natural computing introduced by Gheorghe Păun in 1999, inspired by the structure of the living cell and by its biochemical reactions. In spite of this explicit biological motivation, P systems have not been extensively used in modelling real-world systems. To confirm this intuition, we establish a state of the art investigation comparing the use of P systems to that of Boolean networks in this line of research. We then propose to use P systems as a tool for setting up formal frameworks to reason about other formalisms, and we introduce Boolean P systems, specifically tailored for capturing sequential controllability of Boolean networks. We show how to tackle some technical challenges and prove that sequential controllability properly embeds in the framework of Boolean P systems.
description: In Proceedings NCMA 2022, arXiv:2208.13015
Monadic Expressions and their Derivatives
Creators: name: Attou, Samira
name: Mignot, Ludovic
name: Miklarz, Clément
name: Nicart, Florent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose another interpretation of well-known derivatives computations from regular expressions, due to Brzozowski, Antimirov or Lombardy and Sakarovitch, in order to abstract the underlying data structures (e.g. sets or linear combinations) using the notion of monad. As an example of this generalization advantage, we introduce a new derivation technique based on the graded module monad. We also extend operators defining expressions to any n-ary functions over value sets, such as classical operations (like negation or intersection for Boolean weights) or more exotic ones (like algebraic mean for rational weights). Moreover, we present how to compute a (non-necessarily finite) automaton from such an extended expression, using the Colcombet and Petrisan categorical definition of automata. These category theory concepts allow us to perform this construction in a unified way, whatever the underlying monad. Finally, to illustrate our work, we present a Haskell implementation of these notions using advanced techniques of functional programming, and we provide a web interface to manipulate concrete examples.
description: In Proceedings NCMA 2022, arXiv:2208.13015
On the Generative Capacity of Contextual Grammars with Strictly Locally Testable Selection Languages
Creators: name: Dassow, Jürgen
name: Truthe, Bianca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We continue the research on the generative capacity of contextual grammars where contexts are adjoined around whole words (externally) or around subwords (internally) which belong to special regular selection languages. All languages generated by contextual grammars where all selection languages are elements of a certain subregular language family form again a language family. We investigate contextual grammars with strictly locally testable selection languages and compare those families to families which are based on finite, monoidal, nilpotent, combinational, definite, suffix-closed, ordered, commutative, circular, non-counting, power-separating, or union-free languages.
description: In Proceedings NCMA 2022, arXiv:2208.13015
Multilinear singular integral forms of Christ-Journé type
Creators: name: Seeger, Andreas
name: Smart, Charles K.
name: Street, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B20

description: We prove $L^{p_1}(\mathbb R^d)\times \dots \times L^{p_{n+2}}(\mathbb R^{d})$ polynomial growth estimates for the Christ-Journé multilinear singular integral forms and suitable generalizations.
description: To appear in Memoirs of the AMS
title: To what extent can social media influence parental engagement in a primary school?
Creators: name: Jeffreys, Peter
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2022

description: Parental engagement is important to support children’s learning and positive environment for their nurturing. Primary schools have increasingly been using social media in recent years to communicate with parents, yet there is currently limited discussion about how the use of social media can influence parental engagement in this area. In this study there is an opportunity to bring together social media through a Facebook Group, with the context in a primary school, and for the purpose of understanding how it influences parental engagement. An intervention was run with parents of children in one class and used a parallel class as an initial comparison group. A small pre-intervention survey of parents gave feedback, which was supplemented with semi-structured interviews with parents from the target class at the beginning of the intervention and followed up eight months after the intervention concluded to reflect on their experiences. Engagement data from the Facebook Group was also captured to understand online experiences. A lower level of parental engagement with the intervention was found than was anticipated, and during this study I have reflected significantly on possible reasons for this including technological barriers, the impact of power relationships and dynamics between stakeholders, and the impact of low engagements particularly from socioeconomically deprived parents in the sample. These lessons are drawn together to provide a revised view of how primary schools can collaboratively approach parental engagement activities by using social media, and how teachers and school leaders can use these experiences to strengthen their own approach to using social media to positively impact on parental engagement.
Development and Validation of Risk Prediction Models for Cardiovascular Events in Black Adults: The Jackson Heart Study Cohort
Creators: name: Sung, Jung Hye
name: Fox, Ervin R.
name: Musani, Solomon K.
name: Mosley, Thomas H.
name: Covington, Carolyn
name: Balfour, Pelbreton C.
name: Bertoni, Alain G.
name: Folsom, Aaron R.
name: Rosamond, Wayne D.
name: Pencina, Michael J.
name: Vasan, Ramachandran S.
name: Xanthakis, Vanessa
name: Taylor, Herman A.
name: Shreenivas, Satya S.
name: Herrington, David M.
name: Samdarshi, Tandaw E.
name: Butler, Kenneth R.
name: Sarpong, Daniel F.
name: Liebson, Philip R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Cardiovascular risk assessment is a fundamental component of prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, commonly used prediction models have been formulated in primarily or exclusively white populations. Whether risk assessment in black adults is dissimilar to that in white adults is uncertain.
A Finite-Automaton Based Stream Cipher As a Quasigroup Based Cipher
Creators: name: Dömösi, Pál
name: Diene, Adama
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: E.3

description: In this paper we show that a recently published finite automaton stream cipher can be considered as a quasigroup based stream cipher. Some additional properties of the discussed cipher are also given.
description: In Proceedings NCMA 2022, arXiv:2208.13015
Design a Sustainable Micro-mobility Future: Trends and Challenges in the US and EU
Creators: name: Avetisyan, Lilit
name: Zhang, Chengxin
name: Bai, Sue
name: Pari, Ehsan Moradi
name: Feng, Fred
name: Bao, Shan
name: Zhou, Feng
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Micro-mobility, Social media, Sustainability, Natural Language Processing
subject: Industrial and Operations Engineering
subject: Engineering

description: Micro-mobility is promising to contribute to sustainable cities with its efficiency and low cost. To better design such a sustainable future, it is necessary to understand the trends and challenges. Thus, we examined people's opinions on micro-mobility in the US and the EU using Tweets. We used topic modeling based on advanced natural language processing techniques and categorized the data into seven topics: promotion and service, mobility, technical features, acceptance, recreation, infrastructure and regulations. Furthermore, using sentiment analysis, we investigated people's positive and negative attitudes towards specific aspects of these topics and compared the patterns of the trends and challenges in the US and the EU. We found that 1) promotion and service included the majority of Twitter discussions in the both regions, 2) the EU had more positive opinions than the US, 3) micro-mobility devices were more widely used for utilitarian mobility and recreational purposes in the EU than in the US, and 4) compared to the EU, people in the US had many more concerns related to infrastructure and regulation issues. These findings help us design and prioritize micro-mobility to improve their safety and experience across the two areas for designing a more sustainable micro-mobility future.
Conclusive Tree-Controlled Grammars
Creators: name: Klobučníková, Dominika
name: Křivka, Zbyněk
name: Meduna, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a new approach to regulation of grammars. It divides the derivation trees generated by grammars into two sections-generative and conclusive (the conclusion). The former encompasses generation of symbols up till the moment when the lowest rightmost terminal of the derivation tree is generated, whereas the latter represents the final steps needed to successfully generate a sentence. A control mechanism based on regulating only the conclusion is presented and subsequently applied to tree-controlled grammars, creating conclusive tree-controlled grammars. As the main result, it is shown that the ratio between depths of generative and conclusive sections does not influence the generative power. In addition, it is demonstrated that any recursively enumerable language is generated by these grammars possessing no more than seven nonterminals while the regulating language is union-free.
description: In Proceedings NCMA 2022, arXiv:2208.13015
Roles of Professional Research Software Engineers in the Science Gateway Landscape
Creators: name: Gesing, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: RSEs
science gateways
workforce development

description: Science gateways are increasingly used by researchers and educators evident in publications and presentations at events such as eScience and PEARC. Teams around science gateway development are diverse and need a diverse set of expertise. Skills needed are about developing and/or extending a science gateway framework with backend connections to complex research infrastructure or lab instruments, enabling collaboration with authentication and authorization mechanism as well as addressing FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principles. One of the most important aspects are the needs of the specific community for each science gateway on features and user interface development. All these are predestined tasks for Research Software Engineers (RSEs). In the science gateway landscape, there is also the need for providing expertise like usability studies, statistical support, data management or including Deep Learning methods into a science gateway. This additional need for knowledge opens up the potential for more opportunities and different roles as RSE. While these might be directly included as RSE knowledge areas for some people in the RSE domain, the specifics for knowledge and skills of RSEs are not well defined yet. Analyzing the overlap of the science gateway area and RSE area, there are some trends recognizable combining these two. Teams like the HUBzero team develop around a product. The first step for HUBzero as a product was developed 1996 as PUNCH for supporting nanotechnologies with creating an easy-to-use interface for simulations. Since then, the product went through expansion for more nanotechnology codes, diversification for different domains and then through a process for making the project sustainable considering business models. During the process also the roles in the team evolved and diversified with backend developers, user interface developers and a usability expert, to name a few. Other teams in the science gateway landscape evolve around services. At the Center for Research Computing at the University of Notre Dame, the RSE team developing science gateways is not driven by one product but by providing services to develop a best fitting science gateway for each use case employing different frameworks such as HUBzero or Jupyter Notebooks. The team can be part of the research team, the central IT department or the HPC team. The location makes a difference of the administration of the team. The overlap between RSEs and science gateway developers are large while some roles like a usability specialist might not see themselves as RSE but belong from our understanding of RSEs to the community of RSEs.
Multilocal bosonization
Creators: name: Anguelova, Iana I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81T40, 17B69, 17B68, 81R10

description: We present a bilocal isomorphism between the algebra generated by a single real twisted boson field and the algebra of the boson $βγ$ ghost system. As a consequence of this twisted vertex algebra isomorphism we show that each of these two algebras possesses both an untwisted and a twisted Heisenberg bosonic currents, as well as three separate families of Virasoro fields. We show that this bilocal isomorphism generalizes to an isomorphism between the algebra generated by the twisted boson field with $2n$ points of localization and the algebra of the $2n$ symplectic bosons.
description: 13 pages, improved notations, minor corrections, clarification for the Virasoro families, additional proofs. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1406.5158
Non-Returning Finite Automata With Translucent Letters
Creators: name: Mráz, František
name: Otto, Friedrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68Q45

description: Here we propose a variant of the nondeterministic finite automaton with translucent letters (NFAwtl) which, after reading and deleting a letter, does not return to the left end of its tape, but rather continues from the position of the letter just deleted. When the end-of-tape marker is reached, our automaton can decide whether to accept, to reject, or to continue, which means that it again reads the remaining tape contents from the beginning. This type of automaton, called a non-returning finite automaton with translucent letters or an nrNFAwtl, is strictly more expressive than the NFAwtl. We study the expressive capacity of this type of automaton and that of its deterministic variant. Also we are interested in closure properties of the resulting classes of languages and in decision problems.
description: In Proceedings NCMA 2022, arXiv:2208.13015
Quasi-deterministic 5' -> 3' Watson-Crick Automata
Creators: name: Nagy, Benedek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Watson-Crick (WK) finite automata are working on a Watson-Crick tape, that is, on a DNA molecule. A double stranded DNA molecule contains two strands, each having a 5' and a 3' end, and these two strands together form the molecule with the following properties. The strands have the same length, their 5' to 3' directions are opposite, and in each position, the two strands have nucleotides that are complement of each other (by the Watson-Crick complementary relation). Consequently, WK automata have two reading heads, one for each strand. In traditional WK automata both heads read the whole input in the same physical direction, but in 5'->3' WK automata the heads start from the two extremes and read the input in opposite direction. In sensing 5'->3' WK automata, the process on the input is finished when the heads meet, and the model is capable to accept the class of linear context-free languages. Deterministic variants are weaker, the class named 2detLIN, a proper subclass of linear languages is accepted by them. Recently, another specific variants, the state-deterministic sensing 5'->3' WK automata are investigated in which the graph of the automaton has the special property that for each node of the graph, all out edges (if any) go to a sole node, i.e., for each state there is (at most) one state that can be reached by a direct transition. It was shown that this concept is somewhat orthogonal to the usual concept of determinism in case of sensing 5'->3' WK automata. In this paper a new concept, the quasi-determinism is investigated, that is in each configuration of a computation (if it is not finished yet), the next state is uniquely determined although the next configuration may not be, in case various transitions are enabled at the same time. We show that this new concept is a common generalisation of the usual determinism and the state-determinism, i.e., the class of quasi-deterministic sensing 5'->3' WK automata is a superclass of both of the mentioned other classes. There are various usual restrictions on WK automata, e.g., stateless or 1-limited variants. We also prove some hierarchy results among language classes accepted by various subclasses of quasi-deterministic sensing 5'->3' WK automata and also some other already known language classes.
description: In Proceedings NCMA 2022, arXiv:2208.13015
Study on structure and luminescence properties of LaBMoO6:Dy3+ phosphor for photonic material applications
Creators: name: Eakgapon KAEWNUAM
Publisher: name: Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Phosphor
Dysprosium
Luminescence

description: Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals, 28, 2, 63-68
Oral Anticoagulant Therapy Prescription in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation Across the Spectrum of Stroke Risk: Insights From the NCDR PINNACLE Registry
Creators: name: Marzec, Lucas N.
name: Katz, David F.
name: Marcus, Gregory M.
name: Turakhia, Mintu P.
name: Gehi, Anil K.
name: Lubitz, Steven A.
name: Hsu, Jonathan C.
name: Kennedy, Kevin F.
name: Maddox, Thomas M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: IMPORTANCE: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are at a proportionally higher risk of stroke based on accumulation of well-defined risk factors.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the extent to which prescription of an oral anticoagulant (OAC) in US cardiology practices increases as the number of stroke risk factors increases.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Cross-sectional registry study of outpatients with AF enrolled in the American College of Cardiology National Cardiovascular Data Registry's PINNACLE (Practice Innovation and Clinical Excellence) Registry between January 1, 2008, and December 30, 2012. As a measure of stroke risk, we calculated the CHADS2 score and the CHA2DS2-VASc score for all patients. Using multinomial logistic regression models adjusted for patient, physician, and practice characteristics, we examined the association between increased stroke risk score and prescription of an OAC.

MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was prescription of an OAC with warfarin sodium or a non-vitamin K antagonist OAC.

RESULTS: The study cohort comprised 429 417 outpatients with AF. Their mean (SD) age was 71.3 (12.9) years, and 55.8% were male. Prescribed treatment consisted of an OAC (192 600 [44.9%]), aspirin only (111 134 [25.9%]), aspirin plus a thienopyridine (23 454 [5.5%]), or no antithrombotic therapy (102 229 [23.8%]). Each 1-point increase in risk score was associated with increased odds of OAC prescription compared with aspirin-only prescription using the CHADS2 score (adjusted odds ratio, 1.158; 95% CI, 1.144-1.172; P < .001) and the CHA2DS2-VASc score (adjusted odds ratio, 1.163; 95% CI, 1.157-1.169; P < .001). Overall, OAC prescription prevalence did not exceed 50% even in higher-risk patients with a CHADS2 score exceeding 3 or a CHA2DS2-VASc score exceeding 4.

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In a large quality improvement registry of outpatients with AF, prescription of OAC therapy increased with a higher CHADS2 score and CHA2DS2-VASc score. However, a plateau of OAC prescription was observed, with less than half of high-risk patients receiving an OAC prescription.
Shape-controlled synthesis of tungsten oxide nanostructures and characterization
Creators: name: Atcha KOPWITTHAYA
Publisher: name: Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Hydrothermal method
Silver ion-assisted synthesis
Nanodisks
Nanorods

description: Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals, 28, 2, 69-75
On the Accepting State Complexity of Operations on Permutation Automata
Creators: name: Rauch, Christian
name: Holzer, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.1.1;F.1.3

description: We investigate the accepting state complexity of deterministic finite automata for regular languages obtained by applying one of the following operations to languages accepted by permutation automata: union, quotient, complement, difference, intersection, Kleene star, Kleene plus, and reversal. The paper thus joins the study of accepting state complexity of regularity preserving language operations which was initiated by the work [J. Dassow: On the number of accepting states of finite automata, J. Autom., Lang. Comb., 21, 2016]. We show that for almost all of the operations, except for reversal and quotient, there is no difference in the accepting state complexity for permutation automata compared to deterministic finite automata in general. For both reversal and quotient we prove that certain accepting state complexities cannot be obtained; these number are called "magic" in the literature. Moreover, we solve the left open accepting state complexity problem for the intersection of unary languages accepted by permutation automata and deterministic finite automata in general.
description: In Proceedings NCMA 2022, arXiv:2208.13015
A fast, always positive definite and normalizable approximation of non-Gaussian likelihoods
Creators: name: Sellentin, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we extent the previously published DALI-approximation for likelihoods to cases in which the parameter dependency is in the covariance matrix. The approximation recovers non-Gaussian likelihoods, and reduces to the Fisher matrix approach in the case of Gaussianity. It works with the minimal assumptions of having Gaussian errors on the data, and a covariance matrix that possesses a converging Taylor approximation. The resulting approximation works in cases of severe parameter degeneracies and in cases where the Fisher matrix is singular. It is at least $1000$ times faster than a typical Monte Carlo Markov Chain run over the same parameter space. Two example applications, to cases of extremely non-Gaussian likelihoods, are presented -- one demonstrates how the method succeeds in reconstructing completely a ring-shaped likelihood. A public code is released here: http://lnasellentin.github.io/DALI/
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS
Open Challenges in Musical Metacreation
Creators: name: Carnovalini, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Musical Metacreation tries to obtain creative behaviors from computers algorithms composing music. In this paper I briefly analyze how this field evolved from algorithmic composition to be focused on the search for creativity, and I point out some issues in pursuing this goal. Finally, I argue that hybridization of algorithms can be a useful direction for research.
The Zariski Cancellation Problem and related problems in Affine Algebraic Geometry
Creators: name: Gupta, Neena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 14R10, Secondary: 14R20, 14R25, 13-02

description: In this article, we shall discuss the solution to the Zariski Cancellation Problem in positive characteristic, various approaches taken so far towards the possible solution in characteristic zero, and several other questions related to this problem.
description: To appear in Proceedings ICM 2022
The complexity of dynamics in small neural circuits
Creators: name: Fasoli, Diego
name: Cattani, Anna
name: Panzeri, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Mean-field theory is a powerful tool for studying large neural networks. However, when the system is composed of a few neurons, macroscopic differences between the mean-field approximation and the real behavior of the network can arise. Here we introduce a study of the dynamics of a small firing-rate network with excitatory and inhibitory populations, in terms of local and global bifurcations of the neural activity. Our approach is analytically tractable in many respects, and sheds new light on the finite-size effects of the system. In particular, we focus on the formation of multiple branching solutions of the neural equations through spontaneous symmetry-breaking, since this phenomenon increases considerably the complexity of the dynamical behavior of the network. For these reasons, branching points may reveal important mechanisms through which neurons interact and process information, which are not accounted for by the mean-field approximation.
description: 34 pages, 11 figures. Supplementary materials added, colors of figures 8 and 9 fixed, results unchanged
Racial Differences in Atrial Fibrillation-Related Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Creators: name: Magnani, Jared W.
name: Alonso, Alvaro
name: Loehr, Laura R.
name: Chen, Lin Y.
name: Soliman, Elsayed Z.
name: Norby, Faye L.
name: Agarwal, Sunil K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The adverse outcomes associated with atrial fibrillation (AF) have been studied in predominantly white cohorts. Racial differences in outcomes associated with AF merit continued investigation.
Halamphora daochengensis W. Zhang, Juttner & Levkov 2019, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zhang, Wei
name: Wang, Ting
name: Levkov, Zlatko
name: Jüttner, Ingrid
name: Ector, Luc
name: Zhou, Qi-Chao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Naviculales
Amphipleuraceae
Halamphora
Halamphora daochengensis

description: Halamphora daochengensis W. Zhang, Jüttner & Levkov sp. nov. (Figs 1–25)
LM: Valves dorsiventral, moderately arched, with triundulate, convex dorsal margin, straight to slightly concave ventral margin (Figs 1–9). Valve ends protracted, capitate. Dimensions: length 34.3–40.8 μm, width 5.4–6.9 μm. Axial area very narrow, central area indistinct. Raphe arched, proximal ends weakly expanded, slightly dorsally deflected, distal ends dorsally deflected. Dorsal striae with fine punctuation, slightly radiate throughout, 23–25(27) in 10 μm dorsally at valve centre, 24–27 in 10 μm ventrally, 28–30 in 10 μm near valve ends.
SEM: Externally, raphe located in flat, narrow ledge, slightly wider in valve centre (Figs 10, 11, 14, 17). Ledge ornamented with shallow, non-penetrating depressions, rounded or irregular in shape with variable size (Figs 14, 17). Striae uniseriate, composed of elongate areolae of variable length (Fig. 10–19). Dorsally, striae continuing uninterrupted onto mantle, mantle with 3–4 rows of areolae of variable length in valve centre, and one row of elongate areolae near valve ends (Figs 12, 13). Ventrally, striae composed of one row of transapically elongated areolae (Figs 11, 14–16). Girdle bands open, each bearing one or two rows of rounded or slightly transapically elongated poroids similar in size to ventral areolae (Figs 14–16, 20, 24). Internally, distal raphe ends slightly ventrally deflected terminating in large helictoglossae (Figs 22, 23). Proximally, raphe ends terminating in wide fused central helictoglossa (Fig. 25).
 Type: — CHINA. Sichuan Province: Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Garzi, Daocheng County, Haizishan Nature Reserve, Lake Congqiancuo, 29°21′58″ N, 100°04′51″E, elevation 4389 m a.s.l., samples collected by Q.C. ZHOU, 20 Sep. 2018. Holotype NMW.C.2019.01! Amgueddfa Cymru — National Museum Wales, isotype slide CQC1#, SHOU! Department of Hydrobiology, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University (SHOU), Shanghai.
 Etymology: —The specific epithet ‘ daochengensis ’ refers to the locality from which the new species was described.
description: Published as part of Zhang, Wei, Wang, Ting, Levkov, Zlatko, Jüttner, Ingrid, Ector, Luc & Zhou, Qi-Chao, 2019, Halamphora daochengensis sp. nov., a new freshwater diatom species (Bacillariophyceae) from a small mountain lake, Sichuan Province, China, pp. 12-22 in Phytotaxa 404 (1) on page 14, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.404.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/13715773
A New Corpus for Computational Music Research and A Novel Method for Musical Structure Analysis
Creators: name: Carnovalini, Filippo
name: Rodà, Antonio
name: Harley, Nicholas
name: Homer, Steven T.
name: Wiggins, Geraint A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Computational models of music, while providing good descriptions of melodic development, still cannot fully grasp the general structure comprised of repetitions, transpositions, and reuse of melodic material. We present a corpus of strongly structured baroque allemandes, and describe a top-down approach to abstract the shared structure of their musical content using tree representations produced from pairwise differences between the Schenkerian-inspired analyses of each piece, thereby providing a rich hierarchical description of the corpus.
Assessing and Refining Myocardial Infarction Risk Estimation Among Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Study by the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems
Creators: name: Mathews, William C.
name: Crane, Heidi M.
name: Eron, Joseph J.
name: Ning, Hongyan
name: Achenbach, Chad J.
name: Budoff, Matthew J.
name: Heckbert, Susan R.
name: Delaney, Joseph A.
name: Saag, Michael S.
name: Lloyd-Jones, Donald M.
name: Feinstein, Matthew J.
name: Moore, Richard D.
name: Nance, Robin M.
name: Drozd, Daniel R.
name: Kitahata, Mari M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) have improved longevity but are at elevated risk for myocardial infarction (MI) due to common MI risk factors and HIV-specific factors. Despite these elevated MI rates, optimal methods to predict MI risks for HIV-infected persons remain unclear.
A Musical Serious Game for Social Interaction through Augmented Rhythmic Improvisation
Creators: name: Carnovalini, Filippo
name: Rodà, Antonio
name: Caneva, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Making music with other people is a social activity as well as an artistic one. Music therapists take advantage of the social aspects of music to obtain benefits for the patients, interacting with them musically, but this activity requires an high level of expertise. We propose a serious game that helps people even without musical skills interact with each other by collaboratively creating a rhythm with MIDI drum pads. The gaming system analyzes the rhythm in real time to add a musical feedback that enhances the aesthetical experience that is a crucial part of the musical interaction. The system is evaluated through a questionnaire asking subjects who tried in couples the system if they perceived it as helping their interaction. Despite the early development stage of the game, the results of the questionnaire show positive reception.
Types of Myocardial Infarction Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Individuals in the United States
Creators: name: Willig, James H.
name: Kitahata, Mari M.
name: Moore, Richard D.
name: Paramsothy, Pathmaja
name: Barnes, Greg S.
name: Hunt, Peter W.
name: Napravnik, Sonia
name: Mugavero, Michael J.
name: Geng, Elvin
name: Budoff, Matthew J.
name: Hsue, Priscilla
name: Lober, William B.
name: Nance, Robin M.
name: Drozd, Daniel R.
name: Eron, Joseph J.
name: Mathews, William C.
name: Crane, Paul K.
name: McReynolds, Justin
name: Saag, Michael S.
name: Heckbert, Susan R.
name: Rodriguez, Carla
name: Peter, Inga
name: Feinstein, Matthew J.
name: Delaney, J. A. Chris
name: Crothers, Kristina
name: Crane, Heidi M.
name: Burkholder, Greer A.
name: Grunfeld, Carl MD
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction divides myocardial infarctions into different types. Type 1 myocardial infarctions result spontaneously from atherosclerotic plaque instability, whereas Type 2 myocardial infarctions occur in the setting of oxygen demand/supply mismatch such as with severe hypotension. Type 2 myocardial infarctions are uncommon in the general population but the frequency of Type 2 myocardial infarctions in HIV-infected individuals is unknown.
The Radio-Gamma Correlation In Starburst Galaxies
Creators: name: Eichmann, Björn
name: Tjus, Julia Becker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic study of the non-thermal electron-proton plasma and its emission processes in starburst galaxies in order to explain the correlation between the luminosity in the radio band and the recently observed gamma luminosity. In doing so, a steady state description of the cosmic ray electrons and protons within the spatially homogeneous starburst is considered where continuous momentum losses are included as well as catastrophic losses due to diffusion and advection. The primary source of the relativistic cosmic rays, e.g. supernova remnants, provides a quasi-neutral plasma with a power law spectrum in momentum where we account for rigidity dependent differences between the electron and proton spectrum. We examine the resulting leptonic and hadronic radiation processes by synchrotron radiation, inverse Compton scattering, Bremsstrahlung and hadronic pion production. Finally, the observations of NGC 253, M82, NGC 4945 and NGC 1068 in the radio and gamma-ray band as well as the observed supernova rate are used to constrain a best-fit model. In the case of NGC 253, M82, NGC 4945 our model is able to accurately describe the data, showing that: (i) Supernovae are the dominant particle accelerators for NGC 253, M82 and NGC 4945, but not in the case of NGC 1068. (ii) All considered starburst galaxies are poor proton calorimeters in which for NGC 253 the escape is predominantly driven by the galactic wind, whereas the diffusive escape dominates in NGC 4945 and M82 (at energies > 1TeV). (iii) Secondary electrons from hadronic pion production are important to model the radio flux, but the associated neutrino flux is below the current observation limit.
Topological superconducting states in monolayer FeSe/SrTiO$_{3}$
Creators: name: Hao, Ningning
name: Shen, Shun-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The monolayer FeSe with a thickness of one unit cell grown on a single-crystal SrTiO$_{3}$ substrate (FeSe/STO) exhibits striking high-temperature superconductivity with transition temperature $T_{c}$ over 65K reported by recent experimental measurements. In this work, through analyzing the distinctive electronic structure, and providing systematic classification of the pairing symmetry , we find that both $s$-and $p$-wave pairing with odd parity give rise to topological superconducting states in monolayer FeSe, and the exotic properties of $s$-wave topological superconducting states have close relations with the unique non-symmorphic lattice structure which induces the orbital-momentum locking. Our results indicate that the monolayer FeSe could be in the topological nontrivial $s$-wave superconducting states if the relevant effective pairing interactions are dominant in comparison with other candidates.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Experimental investigation and finite element modelling of PMMA/carbon nanotube nanobiocomposites for bone cement applications
Creators: name: Khakbiz, Mehrdad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biotechnology

description: Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are one of the preferred candidates for reinforcing polymeric nanobiocomposites, such as acrylic bone type of cement. In this study, at first, bulk samples of the reinforced polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) matrix were prepared with 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 wt per wt% of MWCNTs by the casting method. Tensile and three-point bending tests were performed to determine the essential mechanical properties of bone cement, such as tensile and bending strengths. The tensile fracture surfaces were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The commercial software (Abaqus) was used to conduct finite element analysis (FEA) by constructing a representative volume element (RVE) model for numerically computing the tensile and bending parameters of PMMA-MWCNT nanocomposites. Finally, MTT assays were utilized to evaluate the cell viability on the surface of nanobiocomposites. The results show that by increasing the MWCNT amount in the PMMA-based cement, the bending strengths (BS), tensile strength (TS), and elastic modulus (EM) increased considerably. Furthermore, the disparity between the FEA and experimental TS, EM, and BS values was less than 20%. According to MTT viability experiments, adding MWCNTs to PMMA had no influence on PMMA toxicity and resulted in a negative response to interaction with mesenchymal stem cells. The cell density on the nanobiocomposite was more than pristine-PMMA.
Observation of a Helical Luttinger-Liquid in InAs/GaSb Quantum Spin Hall Edges
Creators: name: Li, Tingxin
name: Wang, Pengjie
name: Fu, Hailong
name: Du, Lingjie
name: Schreiber, Kate A.
name: Mu, Xiaoyang
name: Liu, Xiaoxue
name: Sullivan, Gerard
name: Csáthy, Gábor A.
name: Lin, Xi
name: Du, Rui-Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the observation of a helical Luttinger-liquid in the edge of InAs/GaSb quantum spin Hall insulator, which shows characteristic suppression of conductance at low temperature and low bias voltage. Moreover, the conductance shows power-law behavior as a function of temperature and bias voltage. The results underscore the strong electron-electron interaction effect in transport of InAs/GaSb edge states. Because of the fact that the Fermi velocity of the edge modes is controlled by gates, the Luttinger parameter can be fine tuned. Realization of a tunable Luttinger-liquid offers a one-dimensional model system for future studies of predicted correlation effects.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures
Immigrant Parent Perspectives on Involvement in their Child’s Mathematics Learning: Views of East Asian Immigrant Parents in Aotearoa New Zealand
Creators: name: Lin, Yin-Tzu
name: Averill, Robin
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2022
Subjects: Education

description: AbstractParental involvement in mathematics learning can positively affect student achievement and wellbeing but is challenging to establish and maintain. Asian immigrants make up around 15% of New Zealand’s population, yet little is known about these parents’ involvement in their child’s schooling. To examine the experiences of parental involvement in their child’s mathematics learning of East Asian parents, data from semi-structured interviews carried out with eleven parents were considered in light of a common parental involvement framework. Parents’ perspectives about the mathematics curriculum were found to come mainly from communication with teachers and observation of their child’s learning. Parents desired improved involvement in their children’s mathematics learning and better communication with their child’s teacher. Implications include that to capitalise on the potential of parental involvement for improving mathematics learning, teachers must prioritise effective communication with parents to enable their involvement.