cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Virtual habitats, fossil preservation, and estimates of dinosaur biodiversity in the Cretaceous of North America
Creators: name: Chiarenza, Alfio
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: The archive of fossils and the sedimentary rocks that enclose them preserves a long record of climate change and associated fluctuations of biodiversity. However, this record is biased, and considerable efforts have focused on developing sampling methodologies and statistical treatments to mitigate for bias in a way that will allow us to understand how biodiversity has changed through time. The methods presented here attempt to account for the problem of data absence and spatial heterogeneity in fossil occurrence data. These approaches combine fossil occurrence data and palaeogeographic maps with Earth system and Ecological Niche Models (ENM). These methods are tested against three significant and contentious scientific questions regarding the evolution and extinction of non-avian dinosaurs. In the lead-up to the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) mass extinction (66 million years ago), dinosaur diversity is argued to have been either in long-term decline or thriving until their sudden demise. With respect to North America, ENM shows a habitability decrease in areas with present-day rock outcrop from the Campanian to Maastrichtian (i.e. the last stages of the Cretaceous), which mirrors a decline in species. However, a continent-wide projection demonstrates that habitat was either stable or increasing during the Campanian-to-Maastrichtian but was not preserved. This suggests that Maastrichtian North American dinosaur diversity is underestimated, with the apparent long-term, climatically-driven decline being due to sampling bias Climate and ENM simulations focused on the K/Pg event strongly suggest that the extinction of non-avian dinosaurs was forced by asteroid impact. The experiments also show that Deccan volcanism was a mitigating event that potentially protected against an even worse extinction and supported biotic recovery. Potential drivers of the latitudinal distribution of Late Cretaceous (100.5–66 million years ago) dinosaur diversity are also evaluated. Multivariate space quantification of palaeogeographic and palaeoclimatic occupation show that sauropod hypervolumes are more constrained by temperature extremes than the other two dinosaur clades. These results suggest a different thermophysiological strategy for sauropods, with a possible explanation for the gigantothermic physiology experimented by this dinosaur group. The work presented herein highlights the potential role for multi-disciplinary workflows in understanding big macroecological questions in deep time. As with all experimental and analytical procedures it is imperative that the limitations of the methods used are tailored to the nature of the data and questions being asked.
Post-Radiation Osteosarcoma
Creators: name: Tentugal, Claudia
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Bones
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: CT
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: MR
subject: Plain radiographic studies
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Radiation effects
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Biological effects
subject: Calcifications / Calculi
subject: Lymphoma
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Trauma

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: female, 53 years
description: Clinical History: Middle-aged woman attends the Emergency Department after minor trauma of the left leg, experiencing pain.Her past medical history revealed a previous well differentiated bone lymphoma which was treated with high dose radiotherapy in that leg 30 year... Final Diagnosis: Radiation induced osteosarcoma
title: Clintonia uniflora
title: Bride's bonnet
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Dorn, Robert
name: Dorn, Jane
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming
Year: 2006
Subjects: Liliaceae
Clintonia
uniflora

description: Family: Liliaceae
description: Genus: Clintonia
description: Species: uniflora
Planning Through Stochastic Local Search and Temporal Action Graphs in LPG
Creators: name: Gerevini, A.
name: Saetti, A.
name: Serina, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present some techniques for planning in domains specified with the recent standard language PDDL2.1, supporting 'durative actions' and numerical quantities. These techniques are implemented in LPG, a domain-independent planner that took part in the 3rd International Planning Competition (IPC). LPG is an incremental, any time system producing multi-criteria quality plans. The core of the system is based on a stochastic local search method and on a graph-based representation called 'Temporal Action Graphs' (TA-graphs). This paper focuses on temporal planning, introducing TA-graphs and proposing some techniques to guide the search in LPG using this representation. The experimental results of the 3rd IPC, as well as further results presented in this paper, show that our techniques can be very effective. Often LPG outperforms all other fully-automated planners of the 3rd IPC in terms of speed to derive a solution, or quality of the solutions that can be produced.
title: Salix eriocephala var. watsonii
title: Yellow willow
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Dorn, Robert
name: Dorn, Jane
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming
Year: 2006
Subjects: Salicaceae
Salix
eriocephala

description: Family: Salicaceae
description: Genus: Salix
description: Species: eriocephala
Laplaciens de graphes infinis I Graphes métriquement complets
Creators: name: Torki-Hamza, Nabila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce the weighted graph Laplacian and the notion of Schrödinger operator on a locally finite weighted graph . Concerning essential self-adjointness, we extend Wojciechowski's and Dodziuk's results for graphs with vertex constant weight. The main result in this work states that on any metrically complete weighted graph with bounded degree, the Laplacian is essentially self-adjoint and the same holds for the Schrödinger operator provided the associated quadratic form is bounded from below. We construct for the proof a strictly positive and harmonic function which allows us to write any Schrödinger operator as a weighted graph Laplacian modulo a unitary transform.
Revisiting the archaeobotany of Sand Canyon Pueblo : sampling and social context
Creators: name: Van Roggen, Judith
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: This dissertation revisits the archaeological record of Sand Canyon Pueblo (site 5MT765) to explore the effects of sampling and subsampling on the recovery and interpretation of ancient plant remains. Sand Canyon Pueblo is identified as an important Pueblo III period village (A.D. 1150-1350) located in the central Mesa Verde region of southwestern Colorado. Only briefly occupied in the waning years of the A.D. 1200s, the site is similar to other large neighboring late Pueblo III villages in its catastrophic depopulation. It stands out as unique in the area, however, for its bow-shaped multi-storied site-enclosing wall and distinctive D-shaped building. Both harken back to the massive architecture and apparent ideology of the previous period that saw its most powerful expression at Pueblo Bonito in Chaco Canyon, New Mexico. The hearths, firepits, and middens of Sand Canyon Pueblo provide evidence of life lived in a time of deepening drought, violence and social upheaval. The archaeobotanical methods used to speculate on resource stress as a cause for social problems relied on one-litre sediment volumes and subsampling using a “species-area curve” approach. In experimental simulations and a re-analysis of archaeobotanical (paleoethnobotanical) samples from the site demonstrate that the richness of the plant record was underestimated. A statistically significant bias is imposed on the smallest of plant materials impacting the recovery of wild seeds and fragments, notably, ground maize. When re-evaluated through material culture and structural aspects of the site, a toolkit of pharmacologically active wild plants emerges, the significance of which is confirmed in Pueblo oral tradition that links medicinal plant use to community organization and leadership roles. Social values and the durability of social memory have been shown to be encoded in oral tradition and confirm deeply embedded mythic themes that have persisted through time, in language, and in practice. The symbolic underpinnings of Pueblo religion are present in the wild plant record, written on the architecture and imagery of Sand Canyon Pueblo, and confirm a direct, but previously unseen link with clan organization, medicinal plants and the mythic ideals of the historic and contemporary northern Pueblos.
Text Classification using Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Kamruzzaman, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Text classification is the process of classifying documents into predefined categories based on their content. It is the automated assignment of natural language texts to predefined categories. Text classification is the primary requirement of text retrieval systems, which retrieve texts in response to a user query, and text understanding systems, which transform text in some way such as producing summaries, answering questions or extracting data. Existing supervised learning algorithms for classifying text need sufficient documents to learn accurately. This paper presents a new algorithm for text classification using artificial intelligence technique that requires fewer documents for training. Instead of using words, word relation i.e. association rules from these words is used to derive feature set from pre-classified text documents. The concept of naïve Bayes classifier is then used on derived features and finally only a single concept of genetic algorithm has been added for final classification. A system based on the proposed algorithm has been implemented and tested. The experimental results show that the proposed system works as a successful text classifier.
description: 6 Pages, International Journal
title: Atriplex confertifolia
title: Shadscale saltbush
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Dorn, Robert
name: Dorn, Jane
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming
Year: 2006
Subjects: Chenopodiaceae
Atriplex
confertifolia

description: Family: Chenopodiaceae
description: Genus: Atriplex
description: Species: confertifolia
Ficha Informativa #11 - Serviços culturais
Creators: name: Delicado, Ana
name: Schmidt, Luísa
name: Couto, Joana Sá
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Serviços culturais dos ecossistemas
Florestas ripárias

description: A décima primeira ficha informativa do projeto RIVEAL dá continuação uma série de documentos informativos que apresentam os serviços de ecossistema disponibilizados pelos rios e vegetação ripária, considerados para análise nas tarefas do projeto. Esta ficha informativa – Serviços Culturais – apresenta os benefícios não materiais dos ecossistemas através do enriquecimento espiritual, desenvolvimento cognitivo, bem-estar, recreação e experiência estética.
Materials design of photocathodes for free electron lasers from first principles simulations
Creators: name: Chang Lee, Victor
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: This thesis is focused on the simulation of photoemission for the design of new photocathode materials for Free electron laser (FEL) applications. In order to understand and develop new photocathode materials, a photoemission model that simulates the quantum efficiency (QE) and the mean transverse energy (MTE) of the photoemitted electrons from first principles simulations of the electronic structure of a material is developed in this work. The model presented in this work extends the previous models of photoemission to include an explicit model of surfaces, finite temperature and the effects of an external electric field. The photoemission model presented in this work is applied to simulations on different metallic surfaces and the results are compared to experimental measurements of MTE done by the ASTeC group at STFC with reasonable agreement. The computed QE is within the range of previously reported experimental values. Discrepancies between the computed and experimental workfunction observed in this work are studied from the perspective that a change in surface chemistry and composition can produce the observed change in workfunction.
Equivalence of the self-dual and Nambu-Goto strings
Creators: name: Fairbairn, Winston J.
name: Noui, Karim
name: Sardelli, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish explicitely the relation between the algebraic and Nambu-Goto strings when the target space is a four dimensional flat space. We find that the two theories are exactly equivalent only when the algebraic string is restricted to the self-dual or anti self-dual sectors. In its Hamiltonian formulation, the algebraic string defines a constrained system with first and second class constraints. In the self-dual case, we exhibit the appropriate set of second class constraints such that the resulting physical phase space is formulated in the same way as it is in the standard Nambu-Goto string. We conclude with a discussion on alternative quantisation schemes.
description: 20 pages
TALplanner in IPC-2002: Extensions and Control Rules
Creators: name: Kvarnström, J.
name: Magnusson, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: TALplanner is a forward-chaining planner that relies on domain knowledge in the shape of temporal logic formulas in order to prune irrelevant parts of the search space. TALplanner recently participated in the third International Planning Competition, which had a clear emphasis on increasing the complexity of the problem domains being used as benchmark tests and the expressivity required to represent these domains in a planning system. Like many other planners, TALplanner had support for some but not all aspects of this increase in expressivity, and a number of changes to the planner were required. After a short introduction to TALplanner, this article describes some of the changes that were made before and during the competition. We also describe the process of introducing suitable domain knowledge for several of the competition domains.
Honorific inscription for Valerius Licinius Licinianus as Caesar
Creators: name: Prag, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sicily
subject: epigraphy
subject: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300138808
subject: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/462492

description: TEI EpiDoc record
Potential-Based Shaping and Q-Value Initialization are Equivalent
Creators: name: Wiewiora, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Shaping has proven to be a powerful but precarious means of improving reinforcement learning performance. Ng, Harada, and Russell (1999) proposed the potential-based shaping algorithm for adding shaping rewards in a way that guarantees the learner will learn optimal behavior. In this note, we prove certain similarities between this shaping algorithm and the initialization step required for several reinforcement learning algorithms. More specifically, we prove that a reinforcement learner with initial Q-values based on the shaping algorithm's potential function make the same updates throughout learning as a learner receiving potential-based shaping rewards. We further prove that under a broad category of policies, the behavior of these two learners are indistinguishable. The comparison provides intuition on the theoretical properties of the shaping algorithm as well as a suggestion for a simpler method for capturing the algorithm's benefit. In addition, the equivalence raises previously unaddressed issues concerning the efficiency of learning with potential-based shaping.
title: Erigeron speciosus
title: Aspen fleabane
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Dorn, Robert
name: Dorn, Jane
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming
Year: 2006
Subjects: Asteraceae
Erigeron
speciosus

description: Family: Asteraceae
description: Genus: Erigeron
description: Species: speciosus
Wegner estimate for discrete alloy-type models
Creators: name: Veselić, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study discrete alloy-type random Schrödinger operators on $\ell^2(\mathbb{Z}^d)$. Wegner estimates are bounds on the average number of eigenvalues in an energy interval of finite box restrictions of these types of operators. If the single site potential is compactly supported and the distribution of the coupling constant is of bounded variation a Wegner estimate holds. The bound is polynomial in the volume of the box and thus applicable as an ingredient for a localisation proof via multiscale analysis.
description: Accepted for publication in AHP. For an earlier version see http://www.ma.utexas.edu/mp_arc-bin/mpa?yn=09-100
Rotation alignment in neutron-rich Cr isotopes: A probe of deformed single-particle levels across N=40
Creators: name: Yang, Yingchun
name: Sun, Yang
name: Kaneko, Kazunari
name: Hasegawa, Munetake
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments have reached the neutron-rich Cr isotope with N=40 and confirmed enhanced collectivity near this sub-shell. The current data focus on low-spin spectroscopy only, with little information on the states where high-j particles align their spins with the system rotation. By applying the Projected Shell Model, we show that rotation alignment occurs in neutron-rich even-even Cr nuclei as early as spin 8 and, due to shell filling, the aligning particles differ in different isotopes. It is suggested that observation of irregularities in moments of inertia is a direct probe of the deformed single-particle scheme in this exotic mass region.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C
Magnetic-field induced competition of two multiferroic orders in a triangular-lattice helimagnet MnI2
Creators: name: Kurumaji, T.
name: Seki, S.
name: Ishiwata, S.
name: Murakawa, H.
name: Tokunaga, Y.
name: Kaneko, Y.
name: Tokura, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic and dielectric properties with varying magnitude and direction of magnetic field H have been investigated for a triangular lattice helimagnet MnI2. The in-plane electric polarization P emerges in the proper screw magnetic ground state below 3.5 K, showing the rearrangement of six possible multiferroic domains as controlled by the in-plane H. With every 60-degree rotation of H around the [001]-axis, discontinuous 120-degree flop of P-vector is observed as a result of the flop of magnetic modulation vector q. With increasing the in-plane H above 3 T, however, the stable q-direction changes from q||<1-10> to q||<110>, leading to a change of P-flop patterns under rotating H. At the critical field region (~3 T), due to the phase competition and resultant enhanced q-flexibility, P-vector smoothly rotates clockwise twice while H-vector rotates counter-clockwise once.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Accepted in Physical Review Letters
title: Eustoma grandiflorum
title: Showy prairie gentian
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Dorn, Robert
name: Dorn, Jane
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming
Year: 2006
Subjects: Gentianaceae
Eustoma
grandiflorum

description: Family: Gentianaceae
description: Genus: Eustoma
description: Species: grandiflorum
Temporal Decision Trees: Model-based Diagnosis of Dynamic Systems On-Board
Creators: name: Console, L.
name: Picardi, C.
name: Duprè, D. Theseider
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The automatic generation of decision trees based on off-line reasoning on models of a domain is a reasonable compromise between the advantages of using a model-based approach in technical domains and the constraints imposed by embedded applications. In this paper we extend the approach to deal with temporal information. We introduce a notion of temporal decision tree, which is designed to make use of relevant information as long as it is acquired, and we present an algorithm for compiling such trees from a model-based reasoning system.
The Methyltransferase Smyd1 Mediates LPS-Triggered Up-Regulation of IL-6 in Endothelial Cells
Creators: name: Shamloul, Ahmed
name: Steinemann, Gustav
name: Roos, Kerrin
name: Liem, Celine Huajia
name: Bernd, Jonathan
name: Braun, Thorsten
name: Zakrzewicz, Andreas
name: Berkholz, Janine
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Smyd1
subject: lipopolysaccharide
subject: sepsis
subject: IL-6
subject: NF-κB
subject: histone methylation
subject: endothelial cells
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The lysine methyltransferase Smyd1 with its characteristic catalytic SET-domain is highly enriched in the embryonic heart and skeletal muscles, participating in cardiomyogenesis, sarcomere assembly and chromatin remodeling. Recently, significant Smyd1 levels were discovered in endothelial cells (ECs) that responded to inflammatory cytokines. Based on these biochemical properties, we hypothesized that Smyd1 is involved in inflammation-triggered signaling in ECs and therefore, investigated its role within the LPS-induced signaling cascade. Human endothelial cells (HUVECs and EA.hy926 cells) responded to LPS stimulation with higher intrinsic Smyd1 expression. By transfection with expression vectors containing gene inserts encoding either intact Smyd1, a catalytically inactive Smyd1-mutant or Smyd1-specific siRNAs, we show that Smyd1 contributes to LPS-triggered expression and secretion of IL-6 in EA.hy926 cells. Further molecular analysis revealed this process to be based on two signaling pathways: Smyd1 increased the activity of NF-kappa B and promoted the trimethylation of lysine-4 of histone-3 (H3K4me3) within the IL-6 promoter, as shown by ChIP-RT-qPCR combined with IL-6-promoter-driven luciferase reporter gene assays. In summary, our experimental analysis revealed that LPS-binding to ECs leads to the up-regulation of Smyd1 expression to transduce the signal for IL-6 up-regulation via activation of the established NF-κB pathway as well as via epigenetic trimethylation of H3K4.
title: Linaria dalmatica
title: Dalmation toadflax
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Dorn, Robert
name: Dorn, Jane
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming
Year: 2006
Subjects: Scrophulariaceae
Linaria
dalmatica

description: Family: Scrophulariaceae
description: Genus: Linaria
description: Species: dalmatica
The Regional Origins of the Libyan Conflict
Creators: name: Grigoriadis, Theocharis N.
name: Kassem, Walied
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Libyan Conflict
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: We explore the effects of Libya's administrative division into Tripolitania, Cyrenaica, and Fezzan on the onset of the Libyan conflict. We argue that Tripolitania and Cyrenaica, in particular, followed two different and distinct paths of political development and socioeconomic transformation. While Tripolitania and its elites are connected to the core of Libyan statehood and the legacies of Italian colonization, Cyrenaica is defined by localized political autonomy and economic autarky with respect to natural resources. Furthermore, the Qadhafi regime marginalized Cyrenaica politically, despite its major significance for the Libyan economy, because of its strong royalist inclinations. By offering an overview of Libya's political evolution and socioeconomic development, we indicate that the current conflict has largely been due to the asymmetric and artificial dominance of Tripolitania over the other two regions, particularly Cyrenaica.
Enzyklopädien im 21. Jahrhundert: Lexikographische, kommunikations- und kulturwissenschaftliche Strukturen im Kontext neuer Medien
Creators: name: Schneider, Ralf H.
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2008

description: Die sich im Umbruch befindenden Strukturen der Enzyklopädien der Gegenwart werden durch neue Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien verändert und verändern ihrerseits die Wissenslandschaft. Kollaborative Enzyklopädien wie die Wikipedia bieten Konzepte, Ideen und Inhalte, die Einfluss auf den globalen Wissensmarkt haben. Mit neuen IuK-Technologien wird die Verwirklichung längst vergessener enzyklopädischer Utopien in erreichbare Nähe gerückt, wobei  neue Wissensressourcen integriert werden.
title: Townsendia hookeri
title: Hooker's Townsend daisy
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Dorn, Robert
name: Dorn, Jane
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming
Year: 2006
Subjects: Asteraceae
Townsendia
hookeri

description: Family: Asteraceae
description: Genus: Townsendia
description: Species: hookeri
Coupling Circuit Resonators Among Themselves and To Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond
Creators: name: Hwang, Myung-Joong
name: Choi, Mahn-Soo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme to couple NV centers in diamond through coplanar waveguide resonators. The central conductor of the resonator is split into several pieces which are coupled strongly with each other via simple capacitive junctions or superconducting Josephson junctions. The NV centers are then put at the junctions. The discontinuity at the junctions induces a large local magnetic field, with which the NV centers are strongly coupled to the circuit resonator. The coupling strength $g$ between the resonator and the NV center is of order of $g/2π\sim 1$--$30\unit{MHz}$.
description: 4 pages; 3 figures; several typos corrected; figure 1 regenerated
Credit Default Swap Markets and Credit Risk Pricing - A Comparative Study
Creators: name: Gündüz, Yalin
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2008

description: This study focuses on the markets and pricing of credit default swaps. In order to understand various features of the instrument, different market venues are contrasted with their differentiating component, their liquidity. Structural and reduced-form models are brought into comparison in a way that their prediction power in pricing credit default swaps is tested. It is shown that simple and advanced forms of credit risk models perform similarly in reaching the fair price.
High-resolution sensitivity studies with the regional climate model COSMO-CLM
Creators: name: Meißner, Cathérine
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2008

description: Im ersten Teil der Arbeit werden Sensitivitätsstudien mit dem regionalen Klimamodell COSMO-CLM für den Südwestdeutschen Raum dargestellt. Im zweiten Teil wird die Kopplung des Boden-Vegetationsmodells an das COSMO_CLM beschrieben und die Auswirkungen des Boden-Vegetationsmodells auf Klimasimulationen untersucht. Der dritte Teil der Arbeit beschreibt ein statistisch-dynamisches Downscaling Verfahren für regionale Klimasimulationen.
Computational social influence : models, algorithms, and applications
Creators: name: Lu, Wei
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Social influence is a ubiquitous phenomenon in human life. Fueled by the extreme popularity of online social networks and social media, computational social influence has emerged as a subfield of data mining whose goal is to analyze and understand social influence using computational frameworks such as theoretical modeling and algorithm design. It also entails substantial application potentials for viral marketing, recommender systems, social media analysis, etc. In this dissertation, we present our research achievements that take significant steps toward bridging the gap between elegant theories in computational social influence and the needs of two real-world applications: viral marketing and recommender systems. In Chapter 2, we extend the classic Linear Thresholds model to incorporate price and valuation to model the diffusion process of new product adoption; we design a greedy-style algorithm that finds influential users from a social network as well as their corresponding personalized discounts to maximize the expected total profit of the advertiser. In Chapter 3, we propose a novel business model for online social network companies to sell viral marketing as a service to competing advertisers, for which we tackle two optimization problems: maximizing total influence spread of all advertisers and allocating seeds to advertisers in a fair manner. In Chapter 4, we design a highly expressive diffusion model that can capture arbitrary relationship between two propagating entities to arbitrary degrees. We then study the influence maximization problem in a novel setting consisting of two complementary entities and design efficient approximation algorithms. Next, in Chapter 5, we apply social influence into recommender systems. We model the dynamics of user interest evolution using social influence, as well as attraction and aversion effects. As a result, making effective recommendations are substantially more challenging and we apply semi-definite programming techniques to achieve near-optimal solutions. Chapter 6 concludes the dissertation and outlines possible future research directions.
The QCD phase diagram: Results and challenges
Creators: name: Pawlowski, Jan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review the progress made in recent years with functional methods in our understanding of the QCD phase diagram. In particular I discuss a renormalisation group approach to QCD at finite temperature and chemical potential. Results include the location of the confinement-deconfinement phase transition/cross-over and the chiral phase transition/cross-over lines, their nature as well as their interrelation.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures (pdflatex), plenary talk given at the conference "Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum IX", August 30 - September 3, 2010, Madrid, Spain
Resource allocation and performance analysis for wireless communication systems with radio frequency energy harvesting
Creators: name: Dong, Yanjie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Radio frequency energy harvesting (RF-EH) is a promising technology to increase the lifetime of the wireless nodes, and there are many use cases for this emerging technology. Despite a number of advantages of the RF-EH technology, several challenges remain to be solved in order to fully exploit its potential. For example, the impact of integrating the RF-EH technology into transmitters of the wireless communication systems remains unknown. Besides, heterogeneous quality-of-service (QoS) and the nonlinearity of the energy harvester require fundamental investigation from both resource allocation and performance analysis perspective. Failing to address these issues can wipe out the advantages that the RF-EH technology brings. In this thesis, we consider some of these challenges and develop solutions as described below. First, an energy efficiency (EE) maximization problem is studied in a distributed antenna system with \mbox{RF-EH} capability. The energy harvester on each radio remote head can scavenge energy over all frequency band for practical amount of energy. A low-complexity semi-distributed algorithm is proposed to maximize the system EE via subchannel allocation and power control. Next, an innovative optimization framework is proposed to formulate the long-term power minimization problem in a simultaneous wireless information and power transferring system. The formulated problem contains both long-term and short-term QoS constraints, which is difficult to solve via standard optimization methods. Thus, the stochastic optimization theory is used to propose a dynamic power control and time switching algorithm for suboptimal solution. By tuning a control parameter, the power consumption can approach its optimal value at the expense of the delay of the wireless nodes with best effort traffic. Finally, the performance of the wireless powered relaying systems with nonlinear energy harvester is investigated. We derive an analytical expression of the complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF) for the end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio. Compared with our analytical results, the linear energy harvester overestimates the CCDF of the end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio when the relay is placed closer to the source node.
Spectral, optical and transport properties of the adiabatic anisotropic Holstein model: Application to slightly doped organic semiconductors
Creators: name: Perroni, C. A.
name: Nocera, A.
name: Ramaglia, V. Marigliano
name: Cataudella, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectral, optical and transport properties of an anisotropic three-dimensional Holstein model are studied within the adiabatic approximation. The parameter regime is appropriate for organic semiconductors used in single crystal based field effect transistors. Different approaches have been used to solve the model: self-consistent Born approximation valid for weak electron-phonon coupling, coherent potential approximation exact for infinite dimensions, and numerical diagonalization for finite lattices. With increasing temperature, the width of the spectral functions gets larger and larger making the approximation of quasi-particle less accurate. On the contrary, their peak positions are never strongly renormalized in comparison with the bare ones. As expected, the density of states is characterized by an exponential tail corresponding to localized states at low temperature. For weak electron-lattice coupling, the optical conductivity follows a Drude behavior, while, for intermediate electron-lattice coupling, a temperature dependent peak is present at low frequency. For high temperatures and low particle densities, the mobility always exhibits a power-law behavior as function of temperature. With decreasing the particle density, at low temperature, the mobility shows a transition from metallic to insulating behavior. Results are discussed in connection with available experimental data.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
title: Atriplex canescens
title: Fourwing saltbush
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Dorn, Robert
name: Dorn, Jane
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming
Year: 2006
Subjects: Chenopodiaceae
Atriplex
canescens

description: Family: Chenopodiaceae
description: Genus: Atriplex
description: Species: canescens
title: Bouteloua curtipendula
title: Sideoats grama
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Dorn, Robert
name: Dorn, Jane
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming
Year: 2006
Subjects: Poaceae
Bouteloua
curtipendula

description: Family: Poaceae
description: Genus: Bouteloua
description: Species: curtipendula
Reflection of a Particle from a Quantum Measurement
Creators: name: Mackrory, Jonathan B.
name: Jacobs, Kurt
name: Steck, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a generalization of continuous position measurements that accounts for a spatially inhomogeneous measurement strength. This describes many real measurement scenarios, in which the rate at which information is extracted about position has itself a spatial profile, and includes measurements that detect if a particle has crossed from one region into another. We show that such measurements can be described, in their averaged behavior, as stochastically fluctuating potentials of vanishing time average. Reasonable constraints restrict the form of the measurement to have degenerate outcomes, which tend to drive the system to spatial superposition states. We present the results of quantum-trajectory simulations for measurements with a step-function profile (a "which-way" measurement) and a Gaussian profile. We find that the particle can coherently reflect from the measurement region in both cases, despite the stochastic nature of the measurement back-action. In addition, we explore the connection to the quantum Zeno effect, where we find that the reflection probability tends to unity as the measurement strength increases. Finally, we discuss two physical realizations of a spatially varying position measurement using atoms.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures, uses IOP style files
Ein Approximations- und ein Attraktivitätssatz für die verallgemeinerte Ginzburg-Landau-Gleichung [online]
Creators: name: Bitzer, Jochen
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2004

description: Untersucht werden räumlich ausgedehnte musterbildende Systeme in
der Nähe des Übergangs zur ersten Instabilität, wenn die
entscheidenden nichtlinearen Terme im Bifurkationspunkt
verschwinden und die verallgemeinerte Ginzburg-Landau-Gleichung
an die Stelle der klassischen Ginzburg-Landau-Gleichung als
Amplitudengleichung des Systems tritt. Wir zeigen, dass die
Lösungen der verallgemeinerten Ginzburg-Landau-Gleichung
tatsächlich eine gute Approximation für die Lösungen des
ursprünglichen Systems sind, und zwar über eine sehr lange
endliche Zeitskala. Außerdem beweisen wir, dass sich in diesem
Fall jede kleine Lösung des musterbildenden Systems nach einer
gewissen Zeit derart entwickelt, dass sie durch die Lösung der
Ginzburg-Landau-Gleichung beschrieben werden kann.
Dabei beschränken wir unsere Betrachtungen auf eine
Kuramoto-Shivashinsky-Swift-Hohenberg-Gleichung, die uns als
Modell für ein solches musterbildendes System dient.
System dient.
Water in IRC+10216: a genuine formation process by shock-induced chemistry in the inner wind
Creators: name: Cherchneff, Isabelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: The presence of water in the wind of the extreme carbon star IRC+10216 has been confirmed by the Herschel telescope. The regions where the high-J H2O lines have been detected are close to the star at radii r \geq 15 R\ast. Aims: We investigate the formation of water and related molecules in the periodically-shocked inner layers of IRC+10216 where dust also forms and accelerates the wind. Methods: We describe the molecular formation by a chemical kinetic network involving carbon-and oxygen-based molecules. We then apply this network to the physical conditions pertaining to the dust-formation zone which experiences the passage of pulsation- driven shocks between 1 and 5 R\ast. We solve for a system of stiff, coupled, ordinary, and differential equations. Results: Non-equilibrium chemistry prevails in the dust-formation zone. H2O forms quickly above the photosphere from the synthesis of hydroxyl OH induced by the thermal fragmentation of CO in the hot post-shock gas. The derived abundance with respect to H2 at 5 R\ast is 1.4\times10-7, which excellently agrees the values derived from Herschel observations. The non-equilibrium formation process of water will be active whatever the stellar C/O ratio, and H2O should then be present in the wind acceleration zone of all stars on the Asymptotic Giant Branch.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A Letters
title: Rudbeckia laciniata
title: Cutleaf coneflower
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Dorn, Robert
name: Dorn, Jane
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming
Year: 2006
Subjects: Asteraceae
Rudbeckia
laciniata

description: Family: Asteraceae
description: Genus: Rudbeckia
description: Species: laciniata
title: Salix lasiandra var. caudata
title: Greenleaf willow
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Dorn, Robert
name: Dorn, Jane
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming
Year: 2006
Subjects: Salicaceae
Salix
lasiandra

description: Family: Salicaceae
description: Genus: Salix
description: Species: lasiandra
Identification of a Novel Prognostic Gene Signature From the Immune Cell Infiltration Landscape of Osteosarcoma
Creators: name: Fan, Lei
name: Ru, Jingtao
name: Liu, Tao
name: Ma, Chao
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: osteosarcoma
subject: immune cell infiltration
subject: ICI
subject: tumor microenvironment
subject: gene signature
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: The tumor microenvironment (TME) mainly comprises tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells mixed with stromal components. Latestresearch hasdisplayed that tumor immune cell infiltration (ICI) is associated with the clinical outcome of patients with osteosarcoma (OS). This work aimed to build a gene signature according to ICI in OS for predicting patient outcomes. Methods: The TARGET-OS dataset was used for model training, while the GSE21257 dataset was taken forvalidation. Unsupervised clustering was performed on the training cohort based on the ICI profiles. The Kaplan-Meier estimator and univariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify the differentially expressed genes between clusters to preliminarily screen for potential prognostic genes. We incorporated these potential prognostic genes into a LASSO regression analysis and produced a gene signature, which was next assessed with the Kaplan-Meier estimator, Cox proportional hazards models, ROC curves, IAUC, and IBS in the training and validation cohorts. In addition, we compared our signature to previous models. GSEAswere deployed to further study the functional mechanism of the signature. We conducted an analysis of 22 TICsfor identifying the role of TICs in the gene signature's prognosis ability. Results: Data from the training cohort were used to generate a nine-gene signature. The Kaplan-Meier estimator, Cox proportional hazards models, ROC curves, IAUC, and IBS validated the signature's capacity and independence in predicting the outcomes of OS patients in the validation cohort. A comparison with previous studies confirmed the superiority of our signature regarding its prognostic ability. Annotation analysis revealed the mechanism related to the gene signature specifically. The immune-infiltration analysis uncoveredkey roles for activated mast cells in the prognosis of OS. Conclusion: We identified a robust nine-gene signature (ZFP90, UHRF2, SELPLG, PLD3, PLCB4, IFNGR1, DLEU2, ATP6V1E1, and ANXA5) that can predict OS outcome precisely and is strongly linked to activated mast cells.
title: Callirhoe involucrata
title: Purple poppymallow
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Dorn, Robert
name: Dorn, Jane
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming
Year: 2006
Subjects: Malvaceae
Callirhoe
involucrata

description: Family: Malvaceae
description: Genus: Callirhoe
description: Species: involucrata
Optimal Schedules for Parallelizing Anytime Algorithms: The Case of Shared Resources
Creators: name: Finkelstein, L.
name: Markovitch, S.
name: Rivlin, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The performance of anytime algorithms can be improved by simultaneously solving several instances of algorithm-problem pairs. These pairs may include different instances of a problem (such as starting from a different initial state), different algorithms (if several alternatives exist), or several runs of the same algorithm (for non-deterministic algorithms). In this paper we present a methodology for designing an optimal scheduling policy based on the statistical characteristics of the algorithms involved. We formally analyze the case where the processes share resources (a single-processor model), and provide an algorithm for optimal scheduling. We analyze, theoretically and empirically, the behavior of our scheduling algorithm for various distribution types. Finally, we present empirical results of applying our scheduling algorithm to the Latin Square problem.
Three essays in Macro Finance
Creators: name: Corhay, Alexandre
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: The present thesis is a collection of three essays in Macro Finance. The first essay examines the effects of industry competition on the cross-section of credit spreads and levered equity returns. I build a quantitative model where firms make investment, financing, and default decisions subject to aggregate and firm-specific risk. Firms operate in heterogeneous industries that differ by the intensity of product market competition. Higher competition reduces profit margins and increases default risk for debtholders. Equityholders are protected against default risk due to the option value arising from limited liability. In equilibrium, competitive industries are characterized by higher credit spreads, but lower expected equity returns. I find strong empirical support for these predictions across concentration quintiles. Moreover, the calibrated model generates cross-sectional variation in leverage and valuation ratios in line with the data. The second essay provides new evidence that imperfect competition is an important channel for time varying risk premia in asset markets. To this end, we build a general equilibrium model with monopolistic competition and endogenous firm entry and exit. Endogenous variation in industry concentration generates countercyclical markups, which amplifies macroeconomic risk. The nonlinear relation between the measure of firms and markups endogenously generates countercyclical macroeconomic volatility. With recursive preferences, the volatility dynamics lead to countercyclical risk premia forecastable with measures of competition. Also, the model produces a U-shaped term structure of equity returns. The final essay explores the interactions between yield curve dynamics and nominal government debt maturity operations in a New Keynesian model with endogenous bond risk premia. Violations of debt maturity neutrality occur when the yield curve slope is nonzero in a fiscally-led policy regime. When the risk profiles of government liabilities differ, rebalancing the maturity structure changes the government cost of capital. In the fiscal theory, changes in discount rates affect inflation through the intertemporal government budget equation. When the yield curve is upward-sloping (downward-sloping), the fiscal discount rate channel implies that shortening the maturity structure has contractionary (expansionary) effects.
Proximal Femoral Focal Deficiency: A case report
Creators: name: Belgur, Chethan
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Congenital

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: female, 4 months
description: Clinical History: A four months old female baby delivered to  non consangious parents presented with right lower limb shortening since birth was referred for radiograph of lower extremities. There was no family history of similar affection. Final Diagnosis: Proximal Femoral Focal Deficiency