Hohokam Farmsteads Along Cave Creek, Arizona
Creators: name: System User
Publisher: name: SWCA, Inc. Environmental Consultants
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Cave Creek, AZ
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/79838/cave-creek-az
subject: Arizona Upland Subdivision
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/83821/arizona-upland-subdivision
subject: Arizona (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/335/arizona-state-territory
subject: Sonoran Desert
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2772/sonoran-desert
subject: Phoenix Basin
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/27/phoenix-basin
subject: Maricopa (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3900/maricopa-county
subject: Classic Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/125/classic-period
subject: Sedentary Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5504/sedentary-period
subject: Colonial Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5377/colonial-period
subject: Hohokam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/21/hohokam
subject: Huhugam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/8166/huhugam
subject: AZ 11:1:16 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/101248/az-11116-asm
subject: AZ U:1:11 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/101247/az-u111-asm
subject: AZ U:1:159 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/101250/az-u1159-asm
subject: The Livingston Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/101249/the-livingston-site
subject: AZ U:1:310 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/101252/az-u1310-asm
subject: AZ U:1:309 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/101251/az-u1309-asm
subject: AZ U:1:359 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/101253/az-u1359-asm
subject: Domestic Structures
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/256/domestic-structures
subject: House
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/259/house
subject: Field House
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/595/field-house
subject: Pit House / Earth Lodge
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/263/pit-house-earth-lodge
subject: Shade Structure / Ramada
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/266/shade-structure-ramada
subject: Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/251/domestic-structure-or-architectural-complex
subject: Pollen
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/13/pollen
subject: Shell
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/14/shell
subject: Plainware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/174/plainware
subject: Projectile points
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/81/projectile-points
subject: Basalt
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/214/basalt
subject: Obsidian
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/89/obsidian
subject: Hammerstone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/94/hammerstone
subject: Ceramic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/1/ceramic
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Mano
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/131/mano
subject: Fauna
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/4/fauna
subject: Dacite
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/453/dacite
subject: Red-on-Buff
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2629/red-on-buff
subject: Ground Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/7/ground-stone
subject: metate
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/167/metate
subject: Core
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2121/core
subject: Macrobotanical
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/10/macrobotanical
subject: Andesite
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/524/andesite
subject: Diorite
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/588/diorite
subject: Archaeological Overview
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/1/archaeological-overview
subject: Historic Background Research
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/18/historic-background-research
subject: Data Recovery / Excavation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/5/data-recovery-excavation
subject: Records Search / Inventory Checking
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/8/records-search-inventory-checking
subject: Research Design / Data Recovery Plan
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/9/research-design-data-recovery-plan
subject: Site Evaluation / Testing
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/10/site-evaluation-testing
subject: Systematic Survey
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/12/systematic-survey

description: In 1998 and 1999, archaeologists from SWCA and volunteers from the Desert Foothills Chapter of the Arizona Archaeological Society conducted archaeological investigations at four sites in the Estado de Cholla project area, located southwest of the town of Cave Creek, Arizona. Three isolated Hohokam habitation structures were fully excavated at two of the sites. Each of the three houses was catastrophically burned and each contained intact, abundant, floor-contact artifact assemblages. More than 60 complete or partial ceramic vessels, as well as dozens of whole stone, bone, and shell artifacts were recovered from the three houses. The abundance and variety of artifacts indicate a wide range of commodity and food procurement, processing, and storage activities. The houses were also replete with cotton seeds and a wide range of other cultivated and wild collected botanical material. These characteristics, in conjunction with architectural data, indicate that the structures functioned as the permanent residences of self-sufficient household groups. Radiocarbon assays from two of the houses date to the early or middle Hohokam Classic period. This report first summarizes the archaeological investigations at the Estado de Cholla sites. Subsequent analytical chapters describe the studies of flaked stone, ground stone, ceramic, faunal, and shell artifacts, and of macrobotanical and pollen samples. A concluding chapter evaluates the role of these newly discovered, richly stocked houses in the Classic period Hohokam northern periphery land-use system. Several other catastrophically burned, one-room Hohokam structures with abundant, well-preserved artifact assemblages have recently been excavated in the vicinity of the Estado de Cholla. The accumulating evidence suggests that many, if not most of the small, isolated Classic period Hohokam pithouses and masonry rooms along middle Cave Creek actually represent year-round habitation structures instead of temporarily occupied, special-function “field houses.” This interpretation contradicts the standard models of Classic period Hohokam culture history that posit a land-use transformation that created population aggregates at a few large, compact villages. An alternative evaluation of Classic period land-use patterns in the middle Cave Creek drainage is presented.