cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Childia crassum Westblad 1942
Creators: name: Hooge, Matthew D.
name: Tyler, Seth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Xenacoelomorpha
Acoelomorpha
Acoela
Childiidae
Childia
Childia crassum

description: Childia crassum (Westblad, 1942)
(Figs. 1 A, B)
Paraphanostoma crassum: Westblad 1942 (p. 14); Westblad 1948 (p. 23); Marcus 1950 (p. 427); Westblad 1954 (p. 4); Marcus 1954 (p. 427); Riedl 1956 (p. 89); Dörjes 1968 (p. 112); Dörjes and Karling 1975 (p. 183); Lauckner 1980 (p. 292); Reuter et al. 2001 (p. 122); Raikova et al. 2004 (p. 72).
Childia crassum: Tekle et al. 2005 (p. 73); Raikova et al. 2006 (p. 220).
Material. Living specimens in squeeze preparations, whole mounts for fluorescence imaging of musculature.
Localities. Pond Sock Reef (9°17’17.9” N, 82°19’39.9” W), from fine-grained sand at 2 m depth collected from sediment surrounding a sunken boat; Isla Colon, Mangrove Inn (9°19.870’ N, 82°15.286’ W), from fine-grained sand at 3–4 m water depth.
Description. Mature specimens ~650 µm long and ~160 µm wide (Fig. 1 A). Anterior end rounded; posterior sometimes somewhat pointed. Body without conspicuous coloration.
Body-wall musculature with longitudinal fibers positioned outside of circular fibers. Ventral musculature with U1 and U2 muscles (sensu Tekle et al. 2005): muscles that are longitudinally oriented in the anterior half of body and wrap around posterior rim of mouth, and modified circular muscles whose mid-points line the posterior rim of the mouth and whose lateral extensions are positioned anterior to the mouth (data not shown).
Separate male and female gonopores. Male copulatory organ with fine penis stylets in cone-shaped arrangement (Fig. 1 B).
Remarks. Prior to this collection, Childia crassum was known only from the Eastern North Atlantic Ocean (see Tyler et al. 2006). Our specimens were approximately half the length of those originally described by Westblad (1942), with correspondingly smaller internal structures. Members of the genus Childia have species-specific patterns of body-wall musculature, and our specimens matched that described for C. crassum (see Tekle et al. 2005).
description: Published as part of Hooge, Matthew D. & Tyler, Seth, 2008, Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, pp. 1-40 in Zootaxa 1719 on pages 3-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181066
Childia groenlandica Levinsen 1879
Creators: name: Hooge, Matthew D.
name: Tyler, Seth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Xenacoelomorpha
Acoelomorpha
Acoela
Childiidae
Childia
Childia groenlandica

description: Childia groenlandica (Levinsen, 1879)
(Fig. 1 C)
Material. Living specimens in squeeze preparations.
Localities. Pond Sock Reef (9°17’17.9” N, 82°19’39.9” W), from fine-grained sand at 2 m water depth collected from sediment surrounding a sunken boat.
Description. Specimens ~620 µm long and ~180 µm wide (Fig. 1 C). Body teardrop-shaped when squeezed. Without distinctive body coloration.
Male gonopore terminal at posterior end of body. Paired male copulatory organs with caudally directed penis stylets at the posterior end of body (Fig. 1 C).
Remarks. Childia groenlandica is the most widely distributed species of Acoela recorded to date, having been found in the North and South Atlantic Ocean and in the North Pacific Ocean; this is the first record of its occurrence in the Caribbean Sea. Our specimens were less than half the length of specimens of C. groenlandica collected from other locations, but otherwise indistinguishable.
description: Published as part of Hooge, Matthew D. & Tyler, Seth, 2008, Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, pp. 1-40 in Zootaxa 1719 on page 4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181066
Convoluta
Creators: name: Hooge, Matthew D.
name: Tyler, Seth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Xenacoelomorpha
Acoelomorpha
Acoela
Convolutidae
Convoluta

description: Convoluta sp.
(Fig. 2 A)
Material. Living specimens in squeeze preparation.
Locality. Islas Zapatillas (9°15’56.4” N, 82°02’75.0” W), from subtidal sediment located between the Islas Zapatillas.
Description. Specimens ~ 400 m in length and ~ 160 m wide (Fig. 2 A). With many green-colored zoochlorellae endosymbionts. Numerous red rhabdoid gland cells in epidermis. Statocyst present. Pair of red eyespots present at level of statocyst.
Male copulatory organ well-developed; composed of seminal vesicle that surrounds sperm mass and penis. Seminal bursa and single bursal nozzle present.
Remarks. We collected only a couple specimens of this species and were unable to fix and embed any specimens for histological sections. As such, we could not make a positive identification. The presence of endosymbionts and eyespots and the lack of sagittocysts confirm that this species belongs in the Convolutidae. By squeeze preparation, the copulatory organs appeared to fit with the genus Convoluta; however, since the number of gonopores could not be discerned, there is a possibility that the species belongs in the genus Conaperta.
description: Published as part of Hooge, Matthew D. & Tyler, Seth, 2008, Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, pp. 1-40 in Zootaxa 1719 on pages 4-5, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181066
Heterochaerus sargassi Hyman 1939
Creators: name: Hooge, Matthew D.
name: Tyler, Seth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Xenacoelomorpha
Acoelomorpha
Acoela
Convolutidae
Heterochaerus
Heterochaerus sargassi

description: cf. Heterochaerus sargassi (Hyman, 1939)
(Fig. 2 B)
Amphiscolops sargassi: Hyman 1939; Marcus 1947 (p 161); Marcus 1949 (p 9); Marcus 1950 (p 44); Marcus 1952 (p 18); Marcus 1954 (p 15); Dörjes 1968 (p 87); Dörjes 1970 (p 262); Dörjes and Young 1973 (p 350); Dörjes and Karling 1975 (p 177); Hooge and Tyler 2001 (p 414).
Heterochaerus sargassi: Winsor 1990 (p 798); Hooge 2003 (p 275); Hooge and Rocha 2006 (p 1).
Material. Living immature specimens in squeeze preparation.
Locality. Isla Bastimentos (9°20.898’ N, 82°9.959’ W), from subtidal brown algae, and from plankton in Almirante Bay.
Description. Immature specimens ~640 µm in length and ~300 µm wide (Fig. 2 B). With many gold-colored endosymbiotic zooxanthellae. Statocyst absent. Red eyespots visible at anterior end. Concentration of black concrements (in transmitted light) present at anterior tip. Small crustaceans present in digestive syncytium.
Remarks. The genera Amphiscolops and Heterochaerus are difficult to distinguish, especially in specimens lacking sexual organs. Heterochaerus sargassi was originally described by Hyman (1939) from specimens that lacked sexual organs. Marcus (1950) collected sexually mature specimens of H. sargassi from the coast of Brazil and described the reproductive organs. The presence of eyespots, concrements at the anterior tip, and lack of a statocyst lead us to believe that our specimens are in fact H. sargassi.
description: Published as part of Hooge, Matthew D. & Tyler, Seth, 2008, Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, pp. 1-40 in Zootaxa 1719 on pages 5-6, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181066
Haploposthia vandula Hooge and Tyler 2001
Creators: name: Hooge, Matthew D.
name: Tyler, Seth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Xenacoelomorpha
Acoelomorpha
Acoela
Haploposthiidae
Haploposthia
Haploposthia vandula

description: Haploposthia vandula Hooge and Tyler, 2001
Material. Living specimens in squeeze preparations.
Localities. Pond Sock Reef (917’17.9” N, 82°19’39.9” W), from fine-grained sand at 2 m water depth collected from sediment surrounding a sunken boat; Islas Zapatillas (915’53.5” N, 82°03’27.6” W), from finegrained sand from 2 m water depth from south side of island; Crawl Cay (9°14’37.8” N, 82°08’25.0” W), from fine-grained sand from 1 m water depth; Isla Colon, Mangrove Inn (919.870’ N, 82°15.286’ W), from fine-grained sand at 3–4 m water depth.
Description. Mature specimens were ~800 µm long and ~300 µm wide. Body with distinctive yellowgold coloration. Anterior end rounded, posterior more blunt. Male gonopore terminal at posterior end.
Remarks. The broad body and bright yellow coloration of Haploposthia vandula make it easily distinguishable from other acoels. This species is also known to occur in Bermuda (Hooge & Tyler 2001) and Carrie Bow Cay, Belize (Hooge & Tyler 2007).
description: Published as part of Hooge, Matthew D. & Tyler, Seth, 2008, Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, pp. 1-40 in Zootaxa 1719 on pages 12-13, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181066
Kuma albiventer Marcus 1954
Creators: name: Hooge, Matthew D.
name: Tyler, Seth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Xenacoelomorpha
Acoelomorpha
Acoela
Haploposthiidae
Kuma
Kuma albiventer

description: Kuma albiventer (Marcus, 1954)
(Fig. 10 A)
Haploposthia albiventer: Marcus 1954 (p 420); Mamkaev 1967 (p 40); Dörjes 1968 (p 97); Dörjes and Karling 1975 (p 180).
Kuma albiventer: Faubel 1976 (p 35); Hooge and Smith 2004 (p 16); Tekle 2004 (p 86); Hooge and Rocha 2006 (p 1); Hooge and Tyler 2007 (p 22).
Material. Living specimens in squeeze preparations; four sets of 2-µm-thick serial sections of epoxy-embedded specimen stained with toluidine blue.
Localities. Pilings near Almirante (916’14.4” N, 82°23’21.2” W), from fine flocculent sand on top of black anoxic sand; Isla Colon (9°21’09.5” N, 82°13’52.6” W), from medium-grained sand near mangrove rhizomes; Pond Sock Reef (917’17.9” N, 82°19’39.9” W), from fine-grained sand at 2 m water depth collected from sediment surrounding a sunken boat; Crawl Cay (914’37.8” N, 82°08’25.0” W), from fine-grained sand from 1 m water depth; Isla Colon, Mangrove Inn (919.870’ N, 82°15.286’ W), from fine-grained sand at 3–4 m water depth.
Description. Mature specimens ~420 µm long when fully elongated and ~90 µm wide (Fig. 10 A). Body cylindrical. Anterior and posterior ends rounded; posterior more blunt. Body color dark brown by transmitted light. Often with large unpaired oocytes in posterior portion of body. Male gonopore terminal at posterior end of body. Female gonopore, seminal bursa and bursal nozzle all absent.
Remarks. Kuma albiventer was the most commonly occurring acoel in our sediment samples. Originally known only from the coast of São Paulo, Brazil (Marcus 1954, Hooge & Rocha 2006), this species was recently found abundantly at Carrie Bow Cay, Belize (Hooge & Tyler 2007).
description: Published as part of Hooge, Matthew D. & Tyler, Seth, 2008, Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, pp. 1-40 in Zootaxa 1719 on pages 13-14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181066
Kuma blacki Hooge & Tyler, 2008, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Hooge, Matthew D.
name: Tyler, Seth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Xenacoelomorpha
Acoelomorpha
Acoela
Haploposthiidae
Kuma
Kuma blacki

description: Kuma blacki sp. nov.
(Figs. 11, 12)
Type Material. Holotype. USNM 1096768, one set of 2-µm-thick serial frontal sections of epoxy-embedded specimen stained with toluidine blue.
Type Locality. Isla Bastimentos (9°20.898’ N, 82°9.959’ W), from subtidal, clean, coarse-grained, wellsorted sand surrounded by Thalassia sp.
Other Material Examined. Living specimens in squeeze preparations; two sets of 2-µm-thick serial sections.
Etymology. Species name honors Prof. Steven D. Black of Reed College, Portland, Oregon, who generously provided lab space and equipment to M.D.H. for the completion of this project.
Description. Mature specimens ~720 µm long and ~120 µm wide (Figs. 11 A, 12A). Anterior end rounded; posterior end blunt. Epidermis without obvious coloration, but digestive syncytium with orange coloration in transmitted light. Epidermis completely ciliated. Few scattered rhabdoids present in body wall. Frontal organ well developed (Figs. 11 B, 12A). Mouth opening on ventral surface, anterior half of body.
Ovaries paired, ventral; extend from mouth posteriorly to middle of body. Testes paired, lateral to ovary, compact; extend posteriorly from middle of body. Immediately behind ovary, testes fuse to form single mass that extends posteriorly to seminal vesicle (Figs. 11 A, C, 12A, B).
Female gonopore, vagina, and seminal bursa absent.
Male gonopore terminal at posterior end of body (Figs. 11 B, D, 12B). Gonopore opens to ciliated antrum with muscular wall (Figs. 11 D, 12B, C). Antrum wall appears to have a few gland cells that empty into antrum. Proximal end of antrum ringed by a rosette of erythrophilic gland cells that appear granular in living specimens (Figs. 11 D, 12C). Elongated seminal vesicle positioned proximally to antrum and gland cells; seminal vesicle wall lined with tissue but not muscle. Sperm within seminal vesicle aligned in parallel (Figs. 11 D, 12C).
Remarks. Species in the genus Kuma are distinguished from those in Haploposthia by having separate rather than combined germinal centers for sperm and eggs. Kuma blacki stands apart from the other six known species in the genus in having paired testes that fuse together to form a single mass in the posterior half of the body, and in having an elongated seminal vesicle with sperm aligned in parallel.
The male antrum of Kuma blacki is apparently capable of considerable contraction in its length. The live specimens we examined had only a very short antrum—almost nothing more than an indentation in the epidermis. However, in the histological sections of three specimens we examined, the antrum length was approximately 50 µm.
description: Published as part of Hooge, Matthew D. & Tyler, Seth, 2008, Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, pp. 1-40 in Zootaxa 1719 on pages 14-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181066
Pseudohaplogonaria caribbea Hooge and Tyler 2007
Creators: name: Hooge, Matthew D.
name: Tyler, Seth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Xenacoelomorpha
Acoelomorpha
Acoela
Haploposthiidae
Pseudohaplogonaria
Pseudohaplogonaria caribbea

description: Pseudohaplogonaria caribbea Hooge and Tyler, 2007
Material. Living specimens in squeeze preparations; one set of 2-µm-thick serial sagittal sections of epoxyembedded specimen stained with toluidine blue.
Localities. Pond Sock Reef (917’17.9” N, 82°19’39.9” W), from fine-grained sand at 2 m water depth collected from sediment surrounding a sunken boat; Crawl Cay (914’37.8” N, 82°08’25.0” W), from finegrained sand from 1 m water depth; Islas Zapatillas (915’56.4” N, 82°02’75.0” W), from subtidal fine-grained sand; Isla Colon, Mangrove Inn (919.870’ N, 82°15.286’ W), from fine-grained sand at 3–4 m water depth.
Description. Mature specimens ~500 µm long. Anterior and posterior ends rounded. Numerous red rhabdoids present in epidermis. Female gonopore and vagina absent. Seminal bursa and bursal nozzle present. Male gonopore ventral at posterior end of body; surrounded by large gland cells. Seminal vesicle positioned slightly anterior to gonopore gland cells.
Remarks. This species was easily noticed in our meiofauna extractions due to its prominent red rhaboid glands. However, in some samples, P. caribbea co-occured with an unidentified acoel that also bears large red rhabdoid glands (Figs. 13 A–C). We did not collect adequate material to identify or describe this second species; however, it can be readily distinguished from P. caribbea by to its possession of additional uncolored rhaboid glands that are visible in squeeze preparations (Fig. 13 C).
description: Published as part of Hooge, Matthew D. & Tyler, Seth, 2008, Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, pp. 1-40 in Zootaxa 1719 on page 16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181066
Hofstenia miamia Correa 1960
Creators: name: Hooge, Matthew D.
name: Tyler, Seth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Xenacoelomorpha
Acoelomorpha
Acoela
Hofsteniidae
Hofstenia
Hofstenia miamia

description: Hofstenia miamia Correa, 1960
(Fig. 10 B)
Material. Approximately 30 living specimens.
Localities. Isla Colon, near the STRI lab dock (921’06” N, 82°15’25” W), from submerged and decaying mangrove leaves surrounding mangrove rhizomes.
Description. Mature specimens ~ 4 mm long contracted and 6–7 mm when elongated. Specimens usually with brown coloration and numerous white spots; some white spots arranged to form three bands across the anterior, middle, and posterior portions of the body (Fig. 10 B).
Remarks. Hooge et al. (2007) provided a detailed study of the color variation of Hofstenia miamia collected from Bahamas, Belize, Bermuda, and Panama.
description: Published as part of Hooge, Matthew D. & Tyler, Seth, 2008, Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, pp. 1-40 in Zootaxa 1719 on pages 16-17, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181066
Avagina marci Dorjes and Karling 1975
Creators: name: Hooge, Matthew D.
name: Tyler, Seth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Xenacoelomorpha
Acoelomorpha
Acoela
Isodiametridae
Avagina
Avagina marci

description: cf. Avagina marci Dörjes and Karling, 1975
Material. Living specimens in squeeze preparation; one set of 2-µm-thick serial sagittal sections of epoxyembedded specimen stained with toluidine blue.
Locality. Crawl Cay (9°14’37.8” N, 82°08’25.0” W), from fine-grained sand from 1 m water depth
Description. Mature specimens ~600 µm in length. Anterior and posterior ends rounded; posterior end club-shaped. Body without coloration in transmitted light. Rhabdoid glands not present. Mouth opening on ventral surface, anterior half of body.
Remarks. We tentatively identify this species as Avagina marci due to its possession of an isodiametridtype copulatory organ that is positioned mid-body and its apparent lack of a seminal bursa. An acoel that appeared similar to this species, but with a thinner body was common in several of our samples. In squeeze preparation this second species appeared to possess a seminal bursa; unfortunately, we were not able to obtain appropriately fixed material for examination in histological sections.
description: Published as part of Hooge, Matthew D. & Tyler, Seth, 2008, Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, pp. 1-40 in Zootaxa 1719 on page 20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181066
Antrosagittifera corallina Hooge and Tyler 2001
Creators: name: Hooge, Matthew D.
name: Tyler, Seth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Xenacoelomorpha
Acoelomorpha
Acoela
Sagittiferidae
Antrosagittifera
Antrosagittifera corallina

description: Antrosagittifera corallina Hooge and Tyler, 2001
(Fig. 33)
Material. Living specimens in squeeze preparation; one set of serial sections of epoxy-embedded specimen stained with toluidine blue.
Locality. Islas Zapatillas (9°15’N, 82°03’W), from coarse-grained sand at 2 m water depth taken from the west side of the more westerly island.
Description. Mature specimens ~400 µm long and ~110 µm wide (Fig. 33 A). Anterior and posterior ends rounded. Greenish-brown color conferred by numerous zooxanthellae.
Paired strands of oocytes extend posteriorly from frontal glands to seminal bursa with bursal nozzle (Fig. 33 B).
Male gonopore subterminal at posterior end. Long male antrum opens to walled seminal vesicle.
Sagittocysts most easily visible at posterior end of body, behind seminal vesicle, where zooxanthellae are mostly absent (Fig. 33 B).
Remarks. Antrosagittifera corallina is the only member of the Sagittiferidae known to occur in the Caribbean. The type locality of this species is in Bermuda (Hooge & Tyler 2001), but other specimens have been reported from Carrie Bow Cay, Belize (Hooge & Tyler 2006).
description: Published as part of Hooge, Matthew D. & Tyler, Seth, 2008, Acoela (Acoelomorpha) from Bocas del Toro, Panama, pp. 1-40 in Zootaxa 1719 on pages 36-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.181066
Kinonia Ball 1933
Creators: name: Duan, Yani
name: Zhang, Yating
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Kinonia

description: Kinonia Ball, 1933 n. rec.
Kinonia Ball, 1933: 224 (Type: Kinonia elongata Ball, 1933, by original designation).
Diagnosis. Head acutely produced in dorsal and lateral view. Ocelli on anterior margin of crown. Frontoclypeus straight in profile, clypeal sulcus prominent. Forewing rounded apically, usually not extended to apex of abdomen, branches of R not strongly reflexed, usually with three anteapical cells, inner anteapical cell open basally, appendix absent. Pygofer side with short tooth on apical half near ventral margin. Valve long, triangular. Style preapical angle distinct. Connective H-shaped. Aedeagus with shaft relatively short and broad in lateral and posterior view, hinged at the base.
Distribution. Mexico; USA.
Remarks. This genus only includes the type species, Kinonia elongata. Emeljanov (1962) treated it as a junior synonym of Stirellus but Oman et al. (1990) retained Kinonia as a valid genus. Although it is similar to Stirellus, as delimited here, in most respects, it differs in having the aedeagus relatively broad and hinged at the base of the shaft, a trait characteristic of most Chiasmini Distant. Thus, further analysis may show that this genus may be more appropriately placed in the latter tribe. Nevertheless, Kinonia agrees with the current definition of Stenometopiini in other respects and phylogenetic analysis of combined morphological and molecular data placed this genus as sister to Stirellus with strong branch support (Zahniser & Dietrich, 2013). Kinonia was originally described from the southwestern USA. It is here recorded from Mexico for the first time.
description: Published as part of Duan, Yani, Zhang, Yating & Dietrich, Christopher H., 2019, Six new species of Stenometopiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) with redescription of additional species and new distributional records, pp. 201-240 in Zootaxa 4603 (2) on page 202, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4603.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2682252
Kinonia elongata Ball 1933
Creators: name: Duan, Yani
name: Zhang, Yating
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Kinonia
Kinonia elongata

description: Kinonia elongata Ball, 1933 n. rec.
(Figs 1–2)
Kinonia elongata Ball, 1933: 224.
Description. Length. Male: 3.3–3.6mm; female: 4.0– 4.9mm.
Coloration. Generally yellow green throughout without obvious markings other than variable brown infuscation on abdomen (Fig. 1 A–F). Face mostly ochraceous (Fig. 1G). Forewing translucent (Fig. 1 A–F). Femora and tibiae with dark brown marks (Fig. 1F). Abdominal sternites variably infused with dark brown (Fig. 1H).
Morphology. Head slightly wider than pronotum, subconical, anterior margin rounded to face (Fig. 1 A–F). Crown longer than 2x width between eyes (Fig. 1 A–E). Anteclypeus tapering to apex, slightly tumid medially, extending beyond normal curve of genae (Fig. 1F). Pronotum median length shorter than median length of crown. Mesonotum and scutellum nearly as long as pronotum (Fig. 1 A–E). Forewing exposing apex of abdomen (Fig. 1 A–F).
Male genitalia. Pygofer side with few macrosetae dorsally, dorsal margin convex, posterior margin nearly truncate (Fig. 2A). Subgenital plate ovoid, strongly convex laterally, apex obliquely truncate with weak median apical tooth, macrosetae uniseriate (Fig. 2C). Style apophysis digitate, slim, bent laterad adjacent to obtuse preapical lobe, then straight and tapered distally (Fig. 2D). Connective H-shaped, stem nearly as long as weakly divergent anterior arms (Fig. 2E). Aedeagal shaft robust, evenly curved anterodorsad and slightly tapered in lateral view with attenuate posteroapical projection, broadened from base to distal third, then tapered to apex in posterior view; gonopore large, apical (Fig. 2 F–H).
Female. Hind margin of seventh sternum broadly concave medially, angulate laterally (Fig. 1H).
Material examined. 2ƋƋ, Sabino Can[yon] Ar[izona]. 14 vii 1932, coll. R.H. Beamer (INHS); 1Ƌ, 6♀♀, Mexico: Durango. Hacienda El Potrero 4.5mi N. Borbollones, 2280m, 25 x 1995, coll. C.H. Dietrich vacuum 95- 0 55 (INHS); 9ƋƋ, 19♀♀, Mexico: Chihuahua. Rt. 432 29km NE Parral. 0.5km E Rio Chico. 1800m, 30 x 1995, coll. C.H. Dietrich, sweeping, 95-075 (INHS).
Distribution. Mexico; USA.
Remarks. This species is here recorded from Mexico for the first time.
description: Published as part of Duan, Yani, Zhang, Yating & Dietrich, Christopher H., 2019, Six new species of Stenometopiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) with redescription of additional species and new distributional records, pp. 201-240 in Zootaxa 4603 (2) on pages 202-205, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4603.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2682252
Stirellus multipunctatus Duan, Webb & Zhang 2016
Creators: name: Duan, Yani
name: Zhang, Yating
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Stirellus
Stirellus multipunctatus

description: Stirellus multipunctatus Duan, Webb & Zhang, 2016 n. rec.
(Figs 17–18)
Stirellus multipunctatus Duan, Webb & Zhang, 2016: 120.
Length. Male: 3.4–3.8mm; female: 3.6–4.4mm.
Material examined. 6ƋƋ, 9♀♀, Thailand Phetchabun Nam Nao NP Forest protection unit Huay Pralard cave, 16° 44′ 986" N 101° 27′ 874" E, 711m, Malaise trap, 5–12 ii 2007, Noopean Hongyothi, leg T1632 (QSBG, INHS).
Distribution. China; Thailand.
Remarks. This species is here recorded from Thailand for the first time. Duan et al. (2016) described this species adequately. We supplement their description with color illustrations. The hind margin of female sternite VII is slightly concave (Fig. 17F).
description: Published as part of Duan, Yani, Zhang, Yating & Dietrich, Christopher H., 2019, Six new species of Stenometopiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) with redescription of additional species and new distributional records, pp. 201-240 in Zootaxa 4603 (2) on pages 221-222, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4603.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2682252
Stirellus laetus
Creators: name: Duan, Yani
name: Zhang, Yating
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Stirellus
Stirellus laetus

description: Stirellus laetus (Melichar, 1903) n. rec.
(Figs 15–16)
Deltocephalus laetus Melichar, 1903: 202.
Stirellus laetus, Webb & Viraktamath, 2009: 30.
Description. Length. Male: 2.8mm.
Coloration. General color usually stramineous with orange-red and dark brown markings (Fig. 15A, B). Crown with transverse preapical orange band, pronotum with anterior margin orange, mesonotum with basal triangle orange (Fig. 15A). Face with two black round markings on each side just below antennal sockets; frontoclypeus ochraceous with fuscous arcs (Fig. 15C). Forewing translucent without fuscous tint (Fig. 15A, B). Femora and tibiae with dark brown marks. Abdominal segments variably infused with dark brown (Fig. 15B).
Morphology. Head nearly as long as pronotum, subconical, anterior margin rounded to face, angled in dorsal and lateral view (Fig. 15A, B). Crown nearly as long as width between eyes (Fig. 15A). Anteclypeus parallel-sided, extending beyond normal curve of genae (Fig. 15C). Pronotum median length nearly as long as median length of crown. Mesonotum and scutellum together longer than pronotum (Fig. 15A). Forewing submacropterous, usually exposing apex of abdomen (Fig. 15A, B).
Male genitalia. Pygofer side with few macrosetae dorsally, steeply declivous posteriorly, apex narrow, posterior margin bluntly rounded (Fig. 16A). Subgenital plate slightly convex laterally, macrosetae uniseriate, well separated from lateral margin, not extended to apex (Fig. 16C). Style apophysis relatively long, digitate, nearlynearly straight, preapical lobe forming right angle (Fig. 16D). ConnectiveConnective H-shaped, stemstem broadbroad andand nearlynearly asas longlong asas armsarms (Fig. 16E). Aedeagal shaft strongly bent dorsad near base, long, sinuate, parallel to aedeagal base in lateral view, apex hooked and blunt; in posterior view abruptly constricted near apex, apex pointed (Fig. 16F, G).
Female. Hind margin of seventh sternum slightly concave.
Material examined. 1Ƌ, Thailand Loei Phu Ruea NP Pah Lo Noy, 17° 33′ 502" N 101° 20′ 868" E, 1343m, Pan trap, 5–6 ix 2006, Nukoonchai Jaroenchai, leg T817 (INHS).
Distribution. India; Sri Lanka; Thailand.
Remarks. This species is here recorded from Thailand for the first time.
description: Published as part of Duan, Yani, Zhang, Yating & Dietrich, Christopher H., 2019, Six new species of Stenometopiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) with redescription of additional species and new distributional records, pp. 201-240 in Zootaxa 4603 (2) on page 220, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4603.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2682252
Stirellus neospeciosus Duan, Webb & Zhang 2016
Creators: name: Duan, Yani
name: Zhang, Yating
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Stirellus
Stirellus neospeciosus

description: Stirellus neospeciosus Duan, Webb & Zhang, 2016 n. rec.
(Fig. 19)
Stirellus neospeciosus Duan, Webb & Zhang, 2016: 121.
Length. Male: 3.8–4.0mm; female: 4.1–4.4mm.
Material examined. 1♀, Thailand Nan Doi Phu Kha NP Office 14, 19° 12′ 488" N 101° 4′ 907" E, 1375m, Malaise, 8–15 xii 2007, Charoen & Nikomi, leg T3278 (INHS).
Distribution. China; Thailand.
Remarks. This species is newly recorded from Thailand. Duan et al. (2016) have described this species adequately. We supplement their description by including color illustrations. The hind margin of female sternite VII is slightly concave or straight (Fig. 19C).
description: Published as part of Duan, Yani, Zhang, Yating & Dietrich, Christopher H., 2019, Six new species of Stenometopiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) with redescription of additional species and new distributional records, pp. 201-240 in Zootaxa 4603 (2) on pages 222-224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4603.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2682252
Stirellus rubrolineatus
Creators: name: Duan, Yani
name: Zhang, Yating
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Stirellus
Stirellus rubrolineatus

description: Stirellus rubrolineatus (Distant, 1908) n. rec.
(Fig. 20)
Length. Male: 4.8–5.1mm; female: 5.9mm.
Material examined. 1♀, Thailand Chaiyaphum Pa Hin Ngam NP Savana (Thepana waterfall), 15° 38′ 948" N 101° 25′ 625" E, 604m, Malaise, 1–7 x 2006, K Sa-nog & B. Adnafai, leg T657 (INHS).
Distribution. China; India; Thailand.
Remarks. This species is newly recorded from Thailand. Duan et al. (2016) described this species adequately. We supplement their description by including color illustrations. The hind margin of female sternite VII is slightly concave (Fig. 20D).
description: Published as part of Duan, Yani, Zhang, Yating & Dietrich, Christopher H., 2019, Six new species of Stenometopiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) with redescription of additional species and new distributional records, pp. 201-240 in Zootaxa 4603 (2) on page 224, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4603.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2682252
Stirellus sagittarius
Creators: name: Duan, Yani
name: Zhang, Yating
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Stirellus
Stirellus sagittarius

description: Stirellus sagittarius (Naudé, 1926)
(Figs 21–22)
Aconura sagittaria Naudé, 1926: 54.
Stirellus sagittarius, Theron, 1975: 189.
Length. Male: 3.0– 3.6mm; female: 4.1–5.1mm.
Material examined. 4ƋƋ, 4♀♀, South Africa: KZN Prov. Kwa Dlamini-White Mt. Resort, 29° 08′ 186" S 29° 36′ 408" E, 1532m, 26 xii 2004, #04-66, coll. J.N. Zahniser, sweep (INHS).
Distribution. Namibia; South Africa.
Remarks. Theron (1975) described this species adequately. We supplement his description by including color illustrations.
description: Published as part of Duan, Yani, Zhang, Yating & Dietrich, Christopher H., 2019, Six new species of Stenometopiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) with redescription of additional species and new distributional records, pp. 201-240 in Zootaxa 4603 (2) on page 225, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4603.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2682252
Stirellus lesioensis Duan & Zhang & Dietrich 2019, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Duan, Yani
name: Zhang, Yating
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Stirellus
Stirellus lesioensis

description: Stirellus lesioensis sp. nov.
(Figs 23–24)
Description. Length. Male: 4.1–4.2mm ..
Coloration. General color stramineous with brown or orange-red marks (Fig. 23 A–C). Crown with pair of small apical submedial spots, four spots between anterior eye angles and two spots on posterior margin; pronotum, mesonotum and scutellum symmetrically marked with brown or orange-red (Fig. 23A, B). Frontoclypeus brown with sordid white arcs reaching only part way across (Fig. 23D, E). Forewing translucent with fuscous tint and white veins (Fig. 23 A–C). Femora and tibiae with dark brown marks (Fig. 23C). Abdominal sternites variably infused with dark brown.
Morphology. Head nearly subequal in width to pronotum, subconical, anterior margin rounded to face, angled in dorsal and lateral view (Fig. 23 A–C). Crown with anterior margin forming right angle in dorsal view, slightly longer than width between eyes (Fig. 23A, B). Anteclypeus parallel-sided, extending slightly beyond normal curve of genae (Fig. 23D, E). Pronotum median length slightly longer than median length of crown. Mesonotum and scutellum together nearly as long as pronotum (Fig. 23A, B). Forewing macropterous, with few to many supernumerary crossveins (Fig. 23 A–C).
Male genitalia. Pygofer side long, with few macrosetae dorsally, dorsal margin slightly concave distally, posterior margin nearly truncate (Fig. 24A). Subgenital plate slightly concave laterally, macrosetae uniseriate laterally (Fig. 24C). Style apophysis digitate, laterallylaterally curved, preapicalpreapical lobelobe poorlypoorly developed, roundedrounded (Fig. 24D). Con-Con-Connective Y-shaped, stem broad and shorter than arms (Fig. 24E). Aedeagal shaft bent dorsad near base, long, very slender, sinuate in lateral view, apex abruptly tapered to point in dorsal view (Fig. 24 F–H).
Material examined. Holotype: Ƌ, REP OF CONGO Dept Pool, Abio Lesio-Louna Pk, 03° 06′ 020" S 15° 31′ 440" E, 330m, MT, 29 viii 2008, coll. Braet & Sharkey (INHS). Paratype: 1Ƌ, same data as holotype (INHS).
Etymology. The species epithet is based on the type locality.
Distribution. Republic of Congo.
Remarks. This species can be distinguished from other species of Stirellus by the distinctive color pattern of the crown (Fig. 23A, B), presence of supernumerary crossveins on the forewing, and the relatively long, apically truncate male pygofer (Fig. 24A, B). The Australian species S. hanuala also has supernumerary crossveins on the forewing but its forewing is truncate apically rather than rounded.
description: Published as part of Duan, Yani, Zhang, Yating & Dietrich, Christopher H., 2019, Six new species of Stenometopiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) with redescription of additional species and new distributional records, pp. 201-240 in Zootaxa 4603 (2) on pages 225-227, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4603.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2682252
Stirellus paralesioensis Duan & Zhang & Dietrich 2019, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Duan, Yani
name: Zhang, Yating
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Stirellus
Stirellus paralesioensis

description: Stirellus paralesioensis sp. nov.
(Figs 25–26)
Description. Length. Male: 3.3–3.6mm; female: 4.6mm.
Coloration. General color stramineous with brown marks (Fig. 25 A–C). Crown unmarked except pair of small spots on posterior margin, pronotum with transverse row of 4–6 anterior spots, mesonotum with pair of small sub- medial spots (Fig. 25A, B). Frontoclypeus with sordid white arcs reaching only part way across (Fig. 25D). Forewing translucent with fuscous tint and white veins (Fig. 25 A–C). Femora and tibiae with dark brown marks (Fig. 25C). Abdominal segments variably infused with dark brown (Fig. 25E).
Morphology. Head slightly narrower than pronotum, subconical, anterior margin rounded to face, acutely angled in dorsal and lateral view (Fig. 25 A–C). Crown nearly as long as 2x width between eyes (Fig. 25A, B). Anteclypeus parallel-sided, extending slightly beyond normal curve of genae (Fig. 25D). Pronotum median length shorter than median length of crown. Mesonotum and scutellum together nearly as long as pronotum (Fig. 25A, B). Forewing submacropterous, usually exposing apex of abdomen in female, with many supernumerary crossveins (Fig. 25 A–C).
Male genitalia. Pygofer side long, with few macrosetae dorsally, posterior margin nearly truncate (Fig. 26A). Subgenital plate slightly concave laterally, macrosetae uniseriate laterally (Fig. 26C). Style apophysis digitate, laterally curved (Fig. 26D, E). ConnectiveConnective Y-shaped, stemstem shortershorter thanthan armsarms (Fig. 26F). AedeagalAedeagal shaftshaft bentbent atat nearnear base, long, slim, curving, parallel to aedeagal base, tip not pointed in dorsal view (Fig. 26G, H).
Female. Hind margin of seventh sternum shallowly concave (Fig. 25E).
Material examined. Holotype: Ƌ, South Africa: W Cape Prov. Koeël Bay, 34° 14′ 560" S 18° 51′ 573" E, 64.5m, 18 xii 2004, #04-52, coll. J.N. Zahniser, sweep (INHS). Paratypes: 1♀, South Africa: W Cape Prov. Voëlv- leidam, 33° 20′ 768" S 19° 03′ 389" E, 90.5m, 14 xii 2004, #04-37, coll. J.N. Zahniser, sweep (INHS); 1Ƌ, 1♀, South Africa: W Cape Prov. Hangklip, 33° 22′ 686" S 18° 50′ 759" E, 1.797m, 19 xii 2004, #04-54, coll. J.N. Zahn- iser, sweep (INHS).
Etymology. The species epithet alludes to the similarity of this species to S. lesioensis sp. nov.
Distribution. South Africa.
Remarks. This species is similar to S. lesioensis sp. nov. but it can be distinguished by its much smaller size, reduced markings on the dorsum, and acutely angulate anterior margin of the crown.
description: Published as part of Duan, Yani, Zhang, Yating & Dietrich, Christopher H., 2019, Six new species of Stenometopiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) with redescription of additional species and new distributional records, pp. 201-240 in Zootaxa 4603 (2) on pages 227-230, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4603.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2682252
Stirellus petfordensis Duan & Zhang & Dietrich 2019, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Duan, Yani
name: Zhang, Yating
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Stirellus
Stirellus petfordensis

description: Stirellus petfordensis sp. nov.
(Figs 31–32)
Description. Length. Male: 4.4mm.
Coloration. General color stramineous with dark brown, brown and orange-red marks (Fig. 31A, B). Crown with large apical pair of dark brown spots and smaller pair of median orange-red marks. Pronotum with irregular anterior row of brown spots, mesonotum with basal triangles brown (Fig. 31A). Frontoclypeus brown with sordid white marks, dark brown spot below each eye, gena unmarked (Fig. 31C). Forewing translucent, apex brown (Fig. 31A, B). Femora and tibiae with dark brown marks.
Morphology. Head narrower than pronotum, weakly subconical, anterior margin rounded to face, angled (Fig. 31 A–B). Crown ~ 1.3x width between eyes (Fig. 31A). Apex of anteclypeus widened, extending slightly beyond normal curve of genae (Fig. 31C). Pronotum median length nearly as long as median length of crown. Mesonotum and scutellum together longer than pronotum (Fig. 31A). Forewing macropterous (Fig. 31A, B).
Male genitalia. Pygofer side without macrosetae, dorsal margin slightly convex, posterior margin rounded (Fig. 32A). Subgenital plate convex laterally, macrosetae uniseriate laterally (Fig. 32C). Style preapical angle indistinct, apophysis robust, digitate, slightlyslightly sinuatesinuate (Fig. 32D).. ConnectiveConnectiveConnective H-shaped H-shaped, stemstemstem slightlyslightlyslightly shortershortershorter thanthanthan armsarmsarms (Fig. 32E). Aedeagal shaft bent strongly dorsad near base, nearly straight through most of length in lateral view, parallel to aedeagal base, apex hooked anterad and attenuate, apex gradually tapered to point in dorsal view, with subapical membranous area (Fig. 32F, G).
Material examined. Holotype: Ƌ, Australia, Q[ueensland], 7 km. W. Petford, 24 ii 1997, L.B. O’Brien (ANIC).
Etymology. The species epithet is based on the type locality.
Distribution. Australia.
Remarks. This species is similar to Stirellus indrus (Distant), but it can be distinguished by the following combination of characters: marks on vertex, the proportions of the vertex and pygofer side without macrosetae.
description: Published as part of Duan, Yani, Zhang, Yating & Dietrich, Christopher H., 2019, Six new species of Stenometopiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) with redescription of additional species and new distributional records, pp. 201-240 in Zootaxa 4603 (2) on pages 236-238, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4603.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2682252
Stirellus sobrinus
Creators: name: Duan, Yani
name: Zhang, Yating
name: Dietrich, Christopher H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Stirellus
Stirellus sobrinus

description: Stirellus sobrinus (Melichar, 1912)
(Fig. 33)
Arya sobrina Melichar, 1912: 118. Material examined. Male holotype (photos), ”Französ Kongo, Mong[o]umba am Ubangi, Di. H. Schubotzbotz leg., 1. XI. 1910.; Inner-Afrika-Exped. D. Hrz. Adolf-Friedrich zu Mecklenburg 1910-1911 ” (Zoological Museum, Universität Hamburg).
Distribution. Central African Republic.
Remarks. This species was described and illustrated by Melichar (1912) but has not been treated since. We provide habitus photos of the holotype to help clarify its identity and for comparison to the new African species described above. The abdomen of the holotype was previously cleared and glued to a card but the genital capsule appears to be missing.
The following additional new combination is proposed as a result of the new generic synonymy proposed above:
Stirellus dolichocephalus (Kirkaldy, 1906), comb. nov. (from Giffardia)
description: Published as part of Duan, Yani, Zhang, Yating & Dietrich, Christopher H., 2019, Six new species of Stenometopiini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae) with redescription of additional species and new distributional records, pp. 201-240 in Zootaxa 4603 (2) on page 238, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4603.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2682252
Aphantochilus
Creators: name: SURESH P. BENJAMIN
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Thomisidae
Aphantochilus

description: Genus Aphantochilus O. P.-Cambridge, 1870
Figs 7 B, 7H, 10A–E, 11A–F, 12A–D, 13A–F, 14A–F, 15A–D, 16A–F, 17A–F Type species: Aphantochilus rogersi O. P.-Cambridge, 1870 Figs 7 B, 10A–E, 11A–F, 12A–D, 13A–F, 14A–F
Bucranium O. P.- Cambridge, 1881: 772: 66, fig 5. Description of juvenile. Type species Bucranium taurifrons O. P.- Cambridge, 1881, not examined. New synonymy.
Synonymy. The type species of Bucranium is here considered a typical member of the genus Aphantochilus as it fulfills criteria given in the diagnosis below. Bucranium is currently monotypic and thus, taxonomically uninformative. Aphantochilus has priority over Bucranium.
Diagnosis. Separated from other thomisid genera by the hooked-shaped ventral RTA (Figs 10 A, B, 11B, 15A, 16B, C), lack of VTA and DTA, presence of cymbial peg teeth (Figs 10 A, 11A–F, 15A, 16A–D), presence of dual spermathecal chambers with a relatively long CD (Figs 10 D, E), reduced labium, legs I and II not elongated (leg III is the shortest) and spine-like prosomal projections (Figs 13 A, B, 17A-C). Other characters that distinguish Aphantochilus are the presence of a femoral apophysis (FA, Figs 11 E, 16A), ant mimicking behavior of its members (Oliveira & Sazima 1984) and cymbial modifications of the male palp (which is closely associated with the RTA).
Composition. Four species, A. cambridgei Canals, 1933, A. inermipes Simon, 1929, A. rogersi O. P.-Cambridge, 1870, and A. taurifrons O. P.- Cambridge, 1881 comb. nov.
description: Published as part of SURESH P. BENJAMIN, 2011, Phylogenetics and comparative morphology of crab spiders (Araneae: Dionycha, Thomisidae), pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 3080 on pages 10-11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1049440
Borboropactus Simon 1884
Creators: name: SURESH P. BENJAMIN
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Thomisidae
Borboropactus

description: Genus Borboropactus Simon, 1884
Type species: Borboropactus squalidus Simon, 1884 Fig 20 C
Diagnosis. Borboropactus can be diagnosed by the presence of an epigynal plate or folds (Figs 18 D, 19C, 20C, D, 21A, B, 23A, B), the unique sensory patch on tarsi (Figs 24 C–E), canoe-shaped tapetum and straight PER. Further, Borboropactus can be separated from all other thomisids, except for Geraesta and Angaeus Thorell, 1881, by presence of a rudimentary RTA in males and ET in females. Both Geraesta and Angaeus posses a well developed RTA and sometimes DTA/VTA (Figs 39 B, 39C, 40E; Tang & Li 2009).
Composition. 15 species, plus the two new species described below; see Platnick (2011) for a listing of all described species.
Distribution. Old World, from Africa to New Guinea.
description: Published as part of SURESH P. BENJAMIN, 2011, Phylogenetics and comparative morphology of crab spiders (Araneae: Dionycha, Thomisidae), pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 3080 on page 11, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1049440
Borboropactus bituberculatus Simon 1884
Creators: name: SURESH P. BENJAMIN
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Thomisidae
Borboropactus
Borboropactus bituberculatus

description: Borboropactus bituberculatus Simon, 1884
Figs 5 A, 20A, B, 20D
Borboropactus bituberculatus Simon, 1884: 301.
Regillus bituberculatus (Simon). Simon 1895: 1049, fig 1093.
Regillus divergens Hogg 1914: 57. Hogg 1915: 461, fig 29; Chrysanthus 1964: 89, fig 12–14. Holotype from Setakwa River, South New Guinea, in the BMNH, not examined. New synonymy.
Borboropactus hainanus Song, 1993. Male holotype from China, Hainan, Changjiang Co., Bawangling Mountains, 15 May 1990, M.B.Gu, IZCAS-Ar9362, not examined. New synonymy.
Type material: Syntypes of B. bituberculatus. Two females from New Guinea in MNHN 5460/1572, no more data given, examined (Figs 5 A, 20D).
Synonymy. In both instances above, B. divergens and B. hainanus are well illustrated facilitating unambiguous identification. Further, the former species is from the same locality as B. bituberculatus.
Other material examined. INDONESIA: Irian Jaya: Waigeo Island, 1 male, Yembekaki, 0–180 m, 20–23 January 2001, A. Riedel (MHNG). Urbinasopen: 1 male, Gunung Susu, 0–450 m, 25 January 2001, A. Riedel (MHNG). Manokwari Province: 1 female, Wandammen Bay, Wondiwoi Mts., Wasior, 300–980 m, 3 January 2001, A. Riedel (MHNG). PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Madang Province: 1 female, Beiteta Road, 3.5 km W of North Coast Road, 80 m, 1 March 1989, Stop # 89–4, D. H. Kavanaugh, G. E. Ball and N. D. Penny (CAS).
Diagnosis. Resembles and likely to be confused with B. cinerascens. However, it could be separated from B. cinerascens by the large oval MA, broad based E and C (Figs 20A–20B). Females are separated by the stouter ET (Fig 20 D).
Description. Habitus as in Fig 5 A. Male palps as in Figs 20A–20B. Described in detail elsewhere (Song et al. 1999; Chrysanthus 1964; Song & Zhu 1997; Tang & Li 2010).
Distribution. China, Island of New Guinea.
description: Published as part of SURESH P. BENJAMIN, 2011, Phylogenetics and comparative morphology of crab spiders (Araneae: Dionycha, Thomisidae), pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 3080 on pages 11-12, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1049440