cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Expected Performance of the EUSO-SPB2 Fluorescence Telescope
Creators: name: Filippatos, G.
name: Battisti, M.
name: Bertaina, M.
name: Bisconti, F.
name: Esser, J.
name: Heaton, C.
name: Osteria, G.
name: Sarazin, F.
name: Wiencke, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Extreme Universe Space Observatory Supper Pressure Balloon 2 (EUSO-SPB2) is under development, and will prototype instrumentation for future satellite-based missions, including the Probe of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (POEMMA). EUSO-SPB2 will consist of two telescopes. The first is a Cherenkov telescope (CT) being developed to identify and estimate the background sources for future below-the-limb very high energy (E>10 PeV) astrophysical neutrino observations, as well as above-the-limb cosmic ray induced signals (E>1 PeV). The second is a fluorescence telescope (FT) being developed for detection of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs). In preparation for the expected launch in 2023, extensive simulations tuned by preliminary laboratory measurements have been preformed to understand the FT capabilities. The energy threshold has been estimated at $10^{18.2}$ eV, and results in a maximum detection rate at $10^{18.6}$ eV when taking into account the shape of the UHECR spectrum. In addition, onboard software has been developed based on the simulations as well as experience with previous EUSO missions. This includes a level 1 trigger to be run on the computationally limited flight hardware, as well as a deep learning based prioritization algorithm in order to accommodate the balloon's telemetry budget. These techniques could also be used later for future, space-based missions.
description: ICRC 2021
Mapping the Cosmic Web with the largest all-sky surveys
Creators: name: Bilicki, Maciej
name: Peacock, John A.
name: Jarrett, Thomas H.
name: Cluver, Michelle E.
name: Steward, Louise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our view of the low-redshift Cosmic Web has been revolutionized by galaxy redshift surveys such as 6dFGS, SDSS and 2MRS. However, the trade-off between depth and angular coverage limits a systematic three-dimensional account of the entire sky beyond the Local Volume (z<0.05). In order to reliably map the Universe to cosmologically significant depths over the full celestial sphere, one must draw on multiwavelength datasets and state-of-the-art photometric redshift techniques. We have undertaken a dedicated program of cross-matching the largest photometric all-sky surveys -- 2MASS, WISE and SuperCOSMOS -- to obtain accurate redshift estimates of millions of galaxies. The first outcome of these efforts -- the 2MASS Photometric Redshift catalog (2MPZ, Bilicki et al. 2014a) -- has been publicly released and includes almost 1 million galaxies with a mean redshift of z=0.08. Here we summarize how this catalog was constructed and how using the WISE mid-infrared sample together with SuperCOSMOS optical data allows us to push to redshift shells of z~0.2--0.3 on unprecedented angular scales. Our catalogs, with ~20 million sources in total, provide access to cosmological volumes crucial for studies of local galaxy flows (clustering dipole, bulk flow) and cross-correlations with the cosmic microwave background such as the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect or lensing studies.
description: Proceedings of IAU Symposium 308 "The Zeldovich Universe: Genesis and Growth of the Cosmic Web", 23-28 June 2014, Tallinn, Estonia
EABlock: A Declarative Entity Alignment Block for Knowledge Graph Creation Pipelines
Creators: name: Jozashoori, Samaneh
name: Sakor, Ahmad
name: Iglesias, Enrique
name: Vidal, Maria-Esther
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite encoding enormous amount of rich and valuable data, existing data sources are mostly created independently, being a significant challenge to their integration. Mapping languages, e.g., RML and R2RML, facilitate declarative specification of the process of applying meta-data and integrating data into a knowledge graph. Mapping rules can also include knowledge extraction functions in addition to expressing correspondences among data sources and a unified schema. Combining mapping rules and functions represents a powerful formalism to specify pipelines for integrating data into a knowledge graph transparently. Surprisingly, these formalisms are not fully adapted, and many knowledge graphs are created by executing ad-hoc programs to pre-process and integrate data. In this paper, we present EABlock, an approach integrating Entity Alignment (EA) as part of RML mapping rules. EABlock includes a block of functions performing entity recognition from textual attributes and link the recognized entities to the corresponding resources in Wikidata, DBpedia, and domain specific thesaurus, e.g., UMLS. EABlock provides agnostic and efficient techniques to evaluate the functions and transfer the mappings to facilitate its application in any RML-compliant engine. We have empirically evaluated EABlock performance, and results indicate that EABlock speeds up knowledge graph creation pipelines that require entity recognition and linking in state-of-the-art RML-compliant engines. EABlock is also publicly available as a tool through a GitHub repository(https://github.com/SDM-TIB/EABlock) and a DOI(https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5779773).
An Infrared and Optical Analysis of a Sample of XBONGs and Optically Elusive AGN
Creators: name: Smith, Krista Lynne
name: Koss, Michael
name: Mushotzky, Richard F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present near-infrared (NIR) spectra of four optically-elusive AGN and four X- ray bright, optically normal galaxies (XBONGs) from the Swift-BAT survey. With archival observations from SDSS, 2MASS, Spitzer and WISE, we test a number of AGN indicators in the NIR and MIR; namely, NIR emission line diagnostic ratios, the presence of coronal high-ionization lines, and infrared photometry. Of our eight hard X-ray selected AGN, we find that optical normalcy has a variety of causes from object to object, and no one explanation applies. Our objects have normal Eddington ratios, and so are unlikely to host radiatively-inefficient accretion flows (RIAFs). It is unlikely that star formation in the host or starlight dilution is contributing to their failure of optical diagnostics, except perhaps in two cases. The NIR continua are well-fit by two blackbodies: one at the stellar temperature, and a hot dust component near the dust sublimation temperature. XBONGs are more likely to have significant hot dust components, while these components are small relative to starlight in the optically-elusive AGN. Some of our sample have NIR line ratios typical of AGN, but NIR diagnostics are unsuccessful in distinguishing HII regions from AGN in general. In one object, we discover a hidden broad line region in the NIR. These results have strong relevance to the origin of optically normal AGN in deep X-ray surveys.
description: 38 pages including 3 tables and 11 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
La grazia divina come fulcro tematico e narrativo delle Confessiones di Agostino
Creators: name: Palermo, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: M-FIL/08 STORIA DELLA FILOSOFIA MEDIEVALE
subject: Agostino
subject: Grazia

description: 2019 - 2020
description: The writing of Ad Simplicianum represents a turning point in the Augustinian conception of the relationship between freedom and grace: from this moment on, Augustine clearly take a position in giving absolute priority to the divine initiative. Starting from this premise, the thesis tries to define grace as the unifying center of the Confessiones, proposing a solution that aims to reconstitute the unity of the work, seemingly fragmentary and uneven. While the first chapter reconstructs a brief history of the doctrines on grace from Paul up to the debate between Augustine and Pelagius, last three ones propose a textual analysis of the most significant passages of Augustine’s work, also referring to other works of the author and to the contribution of secondary literature. Therefore, the second chapter focuses on the narration of the first part of Augustine’s life, analysing questions related to the structure of the work and the condition of mankind between Fall and the saving intervention of grace. The other biographical part of the work that tells the account of conversion is the subject of the third chapter, while the fourth focuses on the exegetical part of the work, identifying its continuity with the biographical part in the act of confession that underlies both. [edited by Author]
description: La stesura dell’Ad Simplicianum rappresenta un punto di svolta nella concezione agostiniana del rapporto tra libertà e grazia: da questo momento in poi Agostino si sbilancia in maniera netta nel dare priorità assoluta all’iniziativa divina. Muovendo da questo presupposto, la tesi prova a individuare proprio nella grazia il centro unificatore delle Confessiones, proponendo una soluzione che mira a ricostituire l’unità dell’opera, all’apparenza frammentaria e disomogenea. Mentre il primo capitolo ricostruisce una breve storia delle dottrine sulla grazia da Paolo fino al dibattito tra Agostino e Pelagio, gli ultimi tre propongono una analisi testuale dei passi più significativi dell’opera di Agostino, in confronto costante con altre opere dell’autore e con il contributo della letteratura secondaria. Il secondo capitolo si focalizza dunque sulla narrazione della prima parte della vita di Agostino, analizzando questioni relative alla struttura dell’opera e alla condizione dell’uomo dopo la Caduta e prima dell’intervento salvifico della grazia. L’altra parte biografica dell’opera che costruisce il racconto della conversione è oggetto invece del terzo capitolo, mentre il quarto si focalizza sulla parte esegetica dell’opera, individuandone la continuità con la parte biografica nell’atto di confessione che soggiace a entrambe le parti. [a cura dell'Autore]
Development and evaluation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for detection of shiga-like toxin I and shiga-like toxin II.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1989

description: Mise au point de 2 tests ELISA sandwich détectant les shiga-like toxines I et II d'Escherichia coli. Ces tests sont sensibles, spécifiques et d'exécution facile.
Computational design of new antimicrobial peptides
Creators: name: Parisi, Rosaura
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: CHIM/03 CHIMICA GENERALE E INORGANICA
subject: Antimicrobial
subject: QSAR

description: 2016 - 2017
description: Antimicrobial peptides (AMP) are evolutionarily conserved components of the innate immune system. They have a broad spectrum of action against bacteria, fungi and viruses. Therefore, AMP are studied as probable substitutes of the traditional antibiotics, for which most pathogens have developed resistance. The main objective of this work was the design of novel linear peptides capable to interact with the cellular membrane of the common pathogens. In this work, sequences of active AMP were carefully obtained from the scientific literature and collected in Yadamp (http://yadamp.unisa.it/), a database of AMP created recently in the laboratory where this project was carried out. In Yadamp, there are information about peptides name, amino acid sequence, length, presence of disulfide bridges, date of discovery, activity and taxonomy. The most relevant chemical-physical properties are also listed. This database is mainly focused on the peptides activities. Experimental MIC values (the lowest concentration of an antimicrobial that inhibits the visible growth of a microorganism) are constantly obtained from careful reading the original papers. In this work, a great contribution was made in the enrichment of the database. In fact, 1009 sequences were added to Yadamp. It currently contains 3142 AMP sequences. For these AMP, 573 molecular descriptors were calculated. In addition, this project also involved the search for new molecular descriptors. Yadamp is a resource for QSAR investigations on AMP. It allows to create subsets of AMP, homogeneous in one, two or more parameters...[abstract by Author]
Serum immunoglobulin G antibody subclass response to respiratory syncytial virus F and G glycoproteins after first, second, and third infections.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1989

description: Les sérums d'enfants ayant subi 2 ou 3 infections dues au virus respiratoire syncytial dans les 4 premières années de la vie ont été testés par la technique ELISA pour détecter les différentes sous-classes d'IgG dirigés contre les glycoprotéines de surface F et G en relation avec l'infection primaire et les récidives.
АГРОТЕХНИКА ЧЕСНОКА, КАК ПОЛУЧАТЬ ХОРОШИЙ УРОЖАЙ
Creators: name: Эркаева, Нурхон
name: Авазов, C.Э.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Чеснок сложно переоценить – это очень популярная у нас культура, потому его мы используем для профилактики простудных заболеваний. И его несложно вырастить на участке, главное знать основные правила выращивания, посадки и ухода в открытом грунте
Discovery of a Thorne-Zytkow object candidate in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Levesque, Emily M.
name: Massey, Philip
name: Zytkow, Anna N.
name: Morrell, Nidia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thorne-Zytkow objects (TZOs) are a theoretical class of star in which a compact neutron star is surrounded by a large, diffuse envelope. Supergiant TZOs are predicted to be almost identical in appearance to red supergiants (RSGs). The best features that can be used at present to distinguish TZOs from the general RSG population are the unusually strong heavy-element and Li lines present in their spectra, products of the star's fully convective envelope linking the photosphere with the extraordinarily hot burning region in the vicinity of the neutron star core. Here we present our discovery of a TZO candidate in the Small Magellanic Cloud. It is the first star to display the distinctive chemical profile of anomalous element enhancements thought to be unique to TZOs. The positive detection of a TZO will provide the first direct evidence for a completely new model of stellar interiors, a theoretically predicted fate for massive binary systems, and never-before-seen nucleosynthesis processes that would offer a new channel for Li and heavy-element production in our universe.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Report on the MAX-DOAS analysis chain
Creators: name: Pettinari, Paolo
name: Valeri, Massimo
name: Papandrea, Enzo
name: Castelli, Elisa
name: Di Liberto, Luca
name: Marinoni, Angela
name: Decesari, Stefano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This document is the report of the activities performed in the frame of the project "WPs-2250-2251: DOAS-BO: Towards a new FRM4DOAS-compliant site - Phase 2''. Here, we briefly introduce the facility of San Pietro Capofiume and the instruments within the site that we exploit for the activities foreseen in this project. In particular, we describe the analysis chain implemented to achieve the expected output (i.e., calibrated spectra, slant column densities, etc.) from diffuse solar spectra measured by the SkySpec-2D in San Pietro Capofiume.
Comparison of a latex agglutination assay and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting cholera toxin.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1990

description: To determine the pandemic potential of Vibrio cholerae, one must demonstrate both the presence of O1 antigen and the production of enterotoxin (CT). Tissue culture or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for CT have been limited to research and reference laboratories. A kit for detecting CT by reversed passive latex agglutination is now commercially available and was used to test 168 strains of V. cholerae O1 and non-O1. When compared with the routine ELISA, the latex test was 98% accurate (86 of 88) for serogroup O1 strains and 100% accurate (80 of 80) for non-O1 strains. For both O1 and non-O1 study strains, the sensitivity of the latex agglutination test was 0.97 and the specificity was 1.00 when results were compared with ELISA results. The latex test is commercially available and has the advantages of being less complicated and less time-consuming than the ELISA.
A two-scale solver for linear elasticity problems in the context of parallel message passing
Creators: name: Salzman, Alexis
name: Moës, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper pushes further the intrinsic capabilities of the GFEM$^{gl}$ global-local approach introduced initially in [1]. We develop a distributed computing approach using MPI (Message Passing Interface) both for the global and local problems. Regarding local problems, a specific scheduling strategy is introduced. Then, to measure correctly the convergence of the iterative process, we introduce a reference solution that revisits the product of classical and enriched functions. As a consequence, we are able to propose a purely matrix-based implementation of the global-local problem. The distributed approach is then compared to other parallel solvers either direct or iterative with domain decomposition. The comparison addresses the scalability as well as the elapsed time. Numerical examples deal with linear elastic problems: a polynomial exact solution problem, a complex micro-structure, and, finally, a pull-out test (with different crack extent). 1: C. A. Duarte, D.-J. Kim, and I. Babuška. A global-local approach for the construction of enrichment functions for the generalized fem and its application to three-dimensional cracks. In Advances in Meshfree Techniques, Dordrecht, 2007. Springer
description: To be published in Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering. Revision: mainly introduction, conclusion and Fig3 updated
Determining Majorana Nature of Neutrino from Nucleon Decays and n-nbar oscillations
Creators: name: Babu, K. S.
name: Mohapatra, Rabindra N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that discovery of baryon number violation in two processes with at least one obeying the selection rule Δ(B-L) = \pm 2 can determine the Majorana character of neutrinos. Thus observing p \to e^+ π^0 and n \to e^- π^0 decays, or p \to e^+ π^0 and n-nbar oscillations, or n \to e^- π^+ and n-nbar oscillations would establish that neutrinos are Majorana particles. We discuss this in a model-independent effective operator approach.
description: 9 pages Latex, 11 figures
Detection of Norwalk virus in stool specimens by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and nonradioactive oligoprobes.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: A reverse transcriptase (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-oligoprobe (OP), or RT-PCR-OP, method was developed for the detection of the Norwalk virus, which causes acute, epidemic gastroenteritis, in stool specimens. The Norwalk virus genome regions encoding the following two proteins were amplified by RT-PCR: the RNA polymerase (260-bp product) and a putative immunogenic protein (224-bp product). The resulting DNA fragments (amplicons) were hybridized to a digoxigenin-labeled internal OP specific to each amplicon. The detection limit of Norwalk virus, as determined by the endpoint of RT-PCR amplification for serially diluted, positive stool specimens, was similar to the actual virion titer as estimated by electron microscopy and at least 100-fold greater than the titer determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). The RT-PCR-OP assay was specific for Norwalk virus and negative for other enteric viruses, including human and animal caliciviruses, hepatitis E virus, Snow Mountain agent, astroviruses, 16 human enteroviruses, and 5 human rotaviruses. Components of fecal specimens that interfere with RT-PCR were removed successfully by Sephadex G-200 gel chromatography. Of 20 stool specimens from human volunteers that were positive for Norwalk virus by RIA, a specific RT-PCR-OP result was obtained in 95% (19 of 20) of the samples by using the immunogenic protein primers and 75% (15 of 20) by using the polymerase primers. Twenty-six stool specimens from asymptomatic children and adults were negative by the Norwalk virus RT-PCR-OP. RT-PCR-OP detected Norwalk virus in the 4 of 21 coded fecal specimens that were also positive by enzyme immunoassay. Two samples that were positive by RIA or enzyme immunoassay were negative by RT-PCR, perhaps because viral RNA was not present or RT-PCR inhibitors were not adequately removed.
What a direct neutrino mass measurement might teach us about the dark sector
Creators: name: Klasen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searches for Dark Matter suggest that it couples to ordinary matter only very weakly and possibly only through the Higgs or other scalar bosons. On the other hand, neutrinos might not couple to the Higgs boson directly, but only through a loop of Dark Matter particles, which would naturally explain the small neutrino masses. We demonstrate that current experimental constraints on such a ``scotogenic'' scenario allow to make the linear dependence of the lightest neutrino mass on the dark sector-Higgs coupling explicit, so that a measurement by the KATRIN experiment would directly determine its value.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. Proceedings of the 20th Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics, Moscow, Russia, August 19-25, 2021
The Complex Structure of the Bulge of M31
Creators: name: Leahy, Denis
name: Craiciu, Traian
name: Postma, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bulge of M31 is of interest in the context of the nature of galactic bulges and how their structure relates to bulge formation mechanisms and their subsequent evolution. With the UVIT instrument on AstroSat, we have observed the bulge of M31 in five far ultraviolet (FUV) and near ultraviolet (NUV) filters at 1" spatial resolution. Models for the luminosity distribution of the bulge are constructed using the UVIT data and the galaxy image-fitting algorithm GALFIT. We fit the bulge without nuclear region with a Sersic function the five images and find Sersic indices ($\simeq2.1$ to 2.5) similar to previous studies but smaller $R_e$ values ($\simeq0.5$ to 0.6 kpc). When the images include the nuclear region, a multicomponent model is used to find the best-fit. We use an 8-component fit for the FUV 148nm image, which has the highest sensitivity. The other images (169 to 279 nm) are fit with 4-component models. The dust lanes in the bulge region are recovered in the residual image after subtraction of the bright bulge light using the multicomponent model. The dust lanes show that M31's nuclear spiral is visible in absorption at NUV and FUV wavelengths. The bulge images show boxy contours in all five UVIT wavebands, which is confirmed by fitting using GALFIT. The Sersic indices of $\sim$2.1-2.5 are intermediate between expected values for a classical bulge and for a pseudobulge. The boxiness of the bulge provides further evidence that M31's bulge has contributions from a classical bulge and a pseudobulge.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures
Non-radial oscillations in M-giant semi-regular variables: Stellar models and Kepler observations
Creators: name: Stello, D.
name: Compton, D.
name: Bedding, T. R.
name: Christensen-Dalsgaard, J.
name: Kiss, L. L.
name: Kjeldsen, H.
name: Bellamy, B.
name: Garcia, R. A.
name: Mathur, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The success of asteroseismology relies heavily on our ability to identify the frequency patterns of stellar oscillation modes. For stars like the Sun this is relatively easy because the mode frequencies follow a regular pattern described by a well-founded asymptotic relation. When a solar like star evolves off the main sequence and onto the red giant branch its structure changes dramatically resulting in changes in the frequency pattern of the modes. We follow the evolution of the adiabatic frequency pattern from the main sequence to near the tip of the red giant branch for a series of models. We find a significant departure from the asymptotic relation for the non-radial modes near the red giant branch tip, resulting in a triplet frequency pattern. To support our investigation we analyze almost four years of Kepler data of the most luminous stars in the field (late K and early M type) and find that their frequency spectra indeed show a triplet pattern dominated by dipole modes even for the most luminous stars in our sample. Our identification explains previous results from ground-based observations reporting fine structure in the Petersen diagram and sub ridges in the period-luminosity diagram. Finally, we find `new ridges' of non-radial modes with frequencies below the fundamental mode in our model calculations, and we speculate they are related to f modes.
description: 8 page, 5 figures, accepted by ApJL (ApJ, 788, L10)
Vibriophage VcA-3 as an epidemic strain marker for the U.S. Gulf Coast Vibrio cholerae O1 clone.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: Toxigenic and nontoxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1, El Tor biotype strains, which are endemic to the U.S. Gulf Coast, can be lysogenic for bacteriophage VcA-3. To evaluate the presence of VcA-3 as an indicator of toxigenicity and as an epidemic strain marker, phage production and the presence of phage and cholera toxin genes were assayed in 98 strains of V. cholerae O1 (35 U.S. and 63 foreign strains). By using a HindIII chromosomal digest for Southern blot analysis, 39 of the study strains hybridized with the VcA-3 probe in 10 banding patterns. The 15 toxigenic and 6 of the 20 nontoxigenic U.S. isolates gave four VcA-3-related patterns. Among the foreign isolates, 12 of 12 toxigenic classical biotype strains, 1 of 43 toxigenic El Tor biotype strains, and 3 of 8 nontoxigenic atypical strains gave six patterns that were clearly distinct from that of VcA-3. Compared with Southern blot analysis, the phage production assay had a sensitivity of 1.0 and a specificity of 0.48, while the colony hybridization assay had a sensitivity of 1.0 and a specificity of 0.77 for identification of VcA-3. Neither assay reliably identified the toxigenic Gulf Coast clone. The presence of VcA-3, as defined by Southern blot analysis, always separated toxigenic U.S. from foreign isolates and often from nontoxigenic U.S. isolates of V. cholerae O1.
Science and mission status of EUSO-SPB2
Creators: name: Eser, J.
name: Olinto, A. V.
name: Wiencke, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Extreme Universe Space Observatory on a Super Pressure Balloon II (EUSO-SPB2) is a second generation stratospheric balloon instrument for the detection of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs, E > 1 EeV) via the fluorescence technique and of Very High Energy (VHE, E > 10 PeV) neutrinos via Cherenkov emission. EUSO-SPB2 is a pathfinder mission for instruments like the proposed Probe Of Extreme Multi-Messenger Astrophysics (POEMMA). The purpose of such a space-based observatory is to measure UHECRs and UHE neutrinos with high statistics and uniform exposure. EUSO-SPB2 is designed with two Schmidt telescopes, each optimized for their respective observational goals. The Fluorescence Telescope looks at the nadir to measure the fluorescence emission from UHECR-induced extensive air shower (EAS), while the Cherenkov Telescope is optimized for fast signals ($\sim$10 ns) and points near the Earth's limb. This allows for the measurement of Cherenkov light from EAS caused by Earth skimming VHE neutrinos if pointed slightly below the limb or from UHECRs if observing slightly above. The expected launch date of EUSO-SPB2 is Spring 2023 from Wanaka, NZ with target duration of up to 100 days. Such a flight would provide thousands of VHECR Cherenkov signals in addition to tens of UHECR fluorescence tracks. Neither of these kinds of events have been observed from either orbital or suborbital altitudes before, making EUSO-SPB2 crucial to move forward towards a space-based instrument. It will also enhance the understanding of potential background signals for both detection techniques. This contribution will provide a short overview of the detector and the current status of the mission as well as its scientific goals.
description: 37$^{\rm{th}}$ International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021) July 12th -- 23rd, 2021 Online -- Berlin, Germany
Accurate Atmospheric Parameters at Moderate Resolution Using Spectral Indices: Preliminary Application to the MARVELS Survey
Creators: name: Ghezzi, Luan
name: Dutra-Ferreira, Letícia
name: Lorenzo-Oliveira, Diego
name: de Mello, Gustavo F. Porto
name: Santiago, Basílio X.
name: De Lee, Nathan
name: Lee, Brian L.
name: da Costa, Luiz N.
name: Maia, Marcio A. G.
name: Ogando, Ricardo L. C.
name: Wisniewski, John P.
name: Hernández, Jonay I. González
name: Stassun, Keivan G.
name: Fleming, Scott W.
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Mahadevan, Suvrath
name: Cargile, Phillip
name: Ge, Jian
name: Pepper, Joshua
name: Wang, Ji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies of Galactic chemical and dynamical evolution in the solar neighborhood depend on the availability of precise atmospheric parameters (Teff, [Fe/H] and log g) for solar-type stars. Many large-scale spectroscopic surveys operate at low to moderate spectral resolution for efficiency in observing large samples, which makes the stellar characterization difficult due to the high degree of blending of spectral features. While most surveys use spectral synthesis, in this work we employ an alternative method based on spectral indices to determine the atmospheric parameters of a sample of nearby FGK dwarfs and subgiants observed by the MARVELS survey at moderate resolving power (R~12,000). We have developed three codes to automatically normalize the observed spectra, measure the equivalent widths of the indices and, through the comparison of those with values calculated with pre-determined calibrations, derive the atmospheric parameters of the stars. The calibrations were built using a sample of 309 stars with precise stellar parameters obtained from the analysis of high-resolution FEROS spectra. A validation test of the method was conducted with a sample of 30 MARVELS targets that also have reliable atmospheric parameters from high-resolution spectroscopic analysis. Our approach was able to recover the parameters within 80 K for Teff, 0.05 dex for [Fe/H] and 0.15 dex for log g, values that are lower or equal to the typical external uncertainties found between different high-resolution analyzes. An additional test was performed with a subsample of 138 stars from the ELODIE stellar library and the literature atmospheric parameters were recovered within 125 K for Teff, 0.10 dex for [Fe/H] and 0.29 dex for log g. These results show that the spectral indices are a competitive tool to characterize stars with the intermediate resolution spectra.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ. Abstract edited to comply with arXiv standards regarding the number of characters
Vibronic interactions in trilobite and butterfly Rydberg molecules
Creators: name: Hummel, Frederic
name: Schmelcher, Peter
name: Eiles, Matthew T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultralong-range Rydberg molecules provide an exciting testbed for molecular physics at exaggerated scales. In the so-called trilobite and butterfly Rydberg molecules, the Born-Oppenheimer approximation can fail due to strong non-adiabatic couplings arising from the combination of radial oscillations and rapid energy variations in the adiabatic potential energy curves. We utilize an accurate coupled-channel treatment of the vibronic system to observe the breakdown of Born-Oppenheimer physics, such as non-adiabatic trapping and decay of molecular states found near pronounced avoided crossings in the adiabatic potential curves. Even for vibrational states localized far away from avoided crossings, a single channel model is quantitatively sufficient only after including the diagonal non-adiabatic corrections to the Born-Oppenheimer potentials. Our results indicate the importance of including non-adiabatic physics in the description of ultralong-range Rydberg molecules and in the interpretation of measured vibronic spectra.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Excitonic quasiparticles in a spin-orbit Mott insulator
Creators: name: Kim, Jungho
name: Daghofer, M.
name: Said, A. H.
name: Gog, T.
name: Brink, J. van den
name: Khaliullin, G.
name: Kim, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In condensed matter systems, out of a large number of interacting degrees of freedom emerge weakly coupled particles, in terms of which most physical properties are described. For example, Landau quasiparticles (QP) determine all electronic properties of a normal metal. The lack of identification of such QPs is major barrier for understanding myriad exotic properties of correlated electrons, such as unconventional superconductivity and non-Fermi liquid behaviours. Here, we report the observation of a composite particle in a Mott insulator Sr2IrO4---and exciton dressed with magnons---that propagates with the canonical characteristics of a QP: a finite QP residue and a lifetime longer than the hopping time scale. The dynamics of this charge-neutral bosonic excitation mirrors the fundamental process of the analogous one-hole propagation in the background of ordered spins, for which a well-defined QP has never been observed. The much narrower linewidth of the exciton reveals the same intrinsic dynamics that is obscured for the hole and is intimately related to the mechanism of high temperature superconductivity.
description: submitted version
Very Long Baseline polarimetry and the gamma-ray connection in Markarian 421 during the broadband campaign in 2011
Creators: name: Lico, R.
name: Giroletti, M.
name: Orienti, M.
name: Giovannini, G.
name: Gomez, J. L.
name: Casadio, C.
name: D'Ammando, F.
name: Blasi, M. G.
name: Cotton, W.
name: Edwards, P. G.
name: Fuhrmann, L.
name: Jorstad, S.
name: Kino, M.
name: Kovalev, Y. Y.
name: Krichbaum, T. P.
name: Marscher, A. P.
name: Paneque, D.
name: Piner, G.
name: Sokolovsky, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyzed data in polarized intensity obtained with the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) at twelve epochs (one observation per month from January to December 2011) at 15, 24, and 43 GHz. For the absolute orientation of the electric vector position angles (EVPA) we used the D-terms method. We also used gamma-ray data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope on weekly time bins throughout 2011. The source shows polarized emission, and its properties vary with time, frequency, and location along the jet. The core mean polarization fraction is generally between 1% and 2%, with a 4% peak at 43 GHz in March; the polarization angle is variable, mainly at 15 GHz, where it changes frequently, and less so at 43 GHz, where it oscillates in the range 114 - 173 deg. The jet polarization properties are more stable, with a fractional polarization of around 16% and a polarization angle nearly perpendicular to the jet axis. The average flux and photon index at gamma-ray energies are (17.7+-0.5)x10^8 ph cm^-2 s^-1 and the photon index is 1.77+-0.02. The gamma-ray light curve shows variability, with a main peak that appears to be associated with the peak in the core polarized emission at 43 GHz, as well as with the total intensity light curve. A discrete correlation function analysis yields a correlation coefficient of 0.54 at zero delay, with a significance level above 99.7%. We accurately determine the polarization properties of Mrk 421, both in the core and in the jet region. The radio and gamma-ray light curves are correlated. The observed EVPA variability at 15 GHz is partly due to opacity and partly to a variable Faraday rotation effect. To explain the residual variability of the intrinsic polarization angle and the low degree of polarization in the core region, we invoke a blend of variable cross-polarized subcomponents with different polarization properties within the beam.
description: 13 pages
Cytomegalovirus excretion in pregnant and nonpregnant women.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: Cervical and urinary excretion of cytomegalovirus by Taiwanese women was identified by the presence of a cytomegalovirus-specific immediate-early gene sequence amplified by the polymerase chain reaction. Excretion rates during the first trimester of pregnancy resembled rates for nonpregnant women. As pregnancy proceeded, the cervical excretion rate increased from 13 to 40% and the urinary excretion rate increased from 1 to 13%.
Evaluation of four commercially available enzyme immunoassays for laboratory diagnosis of Clostridium difficile-associated diseases.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: Four commercial enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) for the detection of Clostridium difficile toxin A have recently been developed and marketed (Premier, Meridian Diagnostics, Cincinnati, Ohio; VIDAS, bioMerierux Vitek, Inc., Hazelwood, Mo.; Tox-A-Test, TechLab, Blacksburg, Va.; and Bartels, Baxter Diagnostics, McGaw Park, III.). The performances of these EIAs were compared with those of the tissue culture cytotoxicity assay and a definition of C. difficile-associated disease based on both laboratory and clinical criteria for 329 clinical specimens. Two EIAs (Premier and VIDAS) showed good overall agreement (96 and 95%, respectively) with the cytotoxicity assay.Four commercial enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) for the detection of Clostridium difficile toxin A have recently been developed and marketed (Premier, Meridian Diagnostics, Cincinnati, Ohio; VIDAS, bioMerierux Vitek, Inc., Hazelwood, Mo.; Tox-A-Test, TechLab, Blacksburg, Va.; and Bartels, Baxter Diagnostics, McGaw Park, III.). The performances of these EIAs were compared with those of the tissue culture cytotoxicity assay and a definition of C. difficile-associated disease based on both laboratory and clinical criteria for 329 clinical specimens. Two EIAs (Premier and VIDAS) showed good overall agreement (96 and 95%, respectively) with the cytotoxicity assay.
Stability and dynamics of the flow past of a bullet-shaped blunt body moving in a pipe
Creators: name: Bonnefis, P.
name: Fabre, D.
name: Airiau, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The flow past a bullet-shaped blunt body moving in a pipe is investigated through global linear stability analysis (LSA) and direct numerical simulation (DNS). A cartography of the bifurcation curves is provided thanks to LSA, covering the range of parameters corresponding to Reynolds number $Re = [50-110]$, confinement ratio $a/A = [ 0.01 - 0.92]$ and length-to-diameter ratio $L/d = [ 2-10]$. Results show that the first bifurcation is always a steady bifurcation associated to a non-oscillating eigenmode with azimuthal wavenumber $m=\pm 1$ leading to a steady state with planar symmetry. For weakly confined cases ($a/A<0.6$) the second bifurcation is associated to an oscillating mode with azimuthal wavenumber $m=\pm 1$, as in the unconfined case. On the other hand, for the strongly confined case ($a/A>0.8$), on observes destabilization of non-oscillating modes with $|m| =2,3$ and a restabilization of the $m=\pm1$ eigenmodes. The aspect ratio $L/d$ is shown to have a minor influence for weakly confined cases and almost no influence for strongly confined cases. DNS is subsequently used to characterize the nonlinear dynamics. The results confirm the steady bifurcation predicted by LSA with excellent agreement for the threshold Reynolds. For weakly confined cases, the second bifurcation is a Hopf bifurcation leading to a periodic, planar-symmetric state in qualitative accordance with LSA predictions. For more confined cases, more complex dynamics is obtained, including a steady state with $|m|=3$ geometry and aperiodic states.
Calibrating cosmological simulations with implicit likelihood inference using galaxy growth observables
Creators: name: Jo, Yongseok
name: Genel, Shy
name: Wandelt, Benjamin
name: Somerville, Rachel
name: Villaescusa-Navarro, Francisco
name: Bryan, Greg L.
name: Angles-Alcazar, Daniel
name: Foreman-Mackey, Daniel
name: Nelson, Dylan
name: Kim, Ji-hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a novel approach employing implicit likelihood inference (ILI), also known as likelihood-free inference, we calibrate the parameters of cosmological hydrodynamic simulations against observations, which has previously been unfeasible due to the high computational cost of these simulations. For computational efficiency, we train neural networks as emulators on ~1000 cosmological simulations from the CAMELS project to estimate simulated observables, taking as input the cosmological and astrophysical parameters, and use these emulators as surrogates to the cosmological simulations. Using the cosmic star formation rate density (SFRD) and, separately, stellar mass functions (SMFs) at different redshifts, we perform ILI on selected cosmological and astrophysical parameters (Omega_m, sigma_8, stellar wind feedback, and kinetic black hole feedback) and obtain full 6-dimensional posterior distributions. In the performance test, the ILI from the emulated SFRD (SMFs) can recover the target observables with a relative error of 0.17% (0.4%). We find that degeneracies exist between the parameters inferred from the emulated SFRD, confirmed with new full cosmological simulations. We also find that the SMFs can break the degeneracy in the SFRD, which indicates that the SMFs provide complementary constraints for the parameters. Further, we find that the parameter combination inferred from an observationally-inferred SFRD reproduces the target observed SFRD very well, whereas, in the case of the SMFs, the inferred and observed SMFs show significant discrepancies that indicate potential limitations of the current galaxy formation modeling and calibration framework, and/or systematic differences and inconsistencies between observations of the stellar mass function.
description: This is the revised version from the reviewer's report (submitted to ApJ)
Die Rollenüberschneidung von «Elternteil» und «Beistandin» – bei Müttern von erwachsenen Menschen mit Behinderung: Eine Forschungsarbeit zur Bedarfsanalyse von Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten der Sozialen Arbeit
Creators: name: Kuza, Jessica
name: Reinhardt, Lisa
Publisher: name: Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit
Year: 2024

description: Die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit mit dem Titel «Die Rollenüberschneidung von «Elternteil» und «Beiständin» – bei Müttern von erwachsenen Menschen mit Behinderungen» wurde von den Verfasserinnen Jessica Kuza und Lisa Reinhardt verfasst. Liegt bei einer Person in der Schweiz eine Urteilsunfähigkeit vor, wird bei Volljährigkeit eine Beistandschaft errichtet. Bei Menschen mit Behinderungen übernehmen häufig die Mütter diese Aufgabe. Ihre Beziehung ist oftmals durch eine besondere emotionale Bindung geprägt. Leben die erwachsenen Kinder in institutionellen Settings, überschneiden sich die Rollen «Mutter» und «Beistandsperson» in verschiedenen Bereichen. Die vorliegende Forschungsarbeit beleuchtet diese Rollenüberschneidung und untersucht, welchen Beitrag Fachpersonen der Sozialen Arbeit in der Praxis leisten können, anhand folgender Forschungsfrage:

«Inwiefern können Fachpersonen der Sozialen Arbeit die Mütter von erwachsenen Menschen mit Behinderungen, im institutionellen Setting, in der Rollenüberschneidung «Elternteil» und «Beiständin» unterstützen?»

Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage wurden qualitative Leitfadeninterviews mit vier Müttern und zwei Expert:innen geführt und nach Meuser und Nagel ausgewertet. Die Ergebnisse werden im Forschungsteil dargestellt und in einer anschliessenden Diskussion mit der Theorie verknüpft. Abschliessend werden Schlussfolgerungen für die sozialpädagogische Praxis im institutionellen Setting formuliert. Diese umfassen unter anderem die Transparenz und Kommunikation zwischen Fachpersonen und Müttern als Beistandspersonen, die Verbesserung institutioneller Strukturen und grundlegende Wertehaltungen für die Praxis der Sozialen Arbeit.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa basp be + Fussnote: Bachelor-Arbeit, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, Studienrichtung Sozialpädagogik, 2024 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202409