cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evaporation of the planet HD189733b observed in HI Lyman-alpha
Creators: name: Etangs, A. Lecavelier des
name: Ehrenreich, D.
name: Vidal-Madjar, A.
name: Ballester, G. E.
name: Desert, J. -M.
name: Ferlet, R.
name: Hebrard, G.
name: Sing, D. K.
name: Tchakoumegni, K. -O.
name: Udry, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed three transits of the extrasolar planet HD189733b in HI Lyman-alpha and in a few other lines in the ultraviolet with HST/ACS, in the search for atmospheric signatures. We detect a transit signature in the Lyman-alpha light curve with a transit depth of 5.05 +/- 0.75 %. This depth exceeds the occultation depth produced by the planetary disk alone at the 3.5-sigma level (statistical). Other stellar emission lines are less bright, and, taken individually, they do not show the transit signature, while the whole spectra redward of the Lyman-alpha line has enough photons to show a transit signature consistent with the absorption by the planetary disk alone. The transit depth's upper limits in the emission lines are 11.1% for OI at 1305A and 5.5% for CII at 1335A. The presence of an extended exosphere of atomic hydrogen around HD189733b producing 5% absorption of the full unresolved Lyman-alpha line flux shows that the planet is losing gas. The Lyman-alpha light curve is well-fitted by a numerical simulation of escaping hydrogen in which the planetary atoms are pushed by the stellar radiation pressure. We constrain the escape rate of atomic hydrogen to be between 10^9 and 10^{11} g/s and the ionizing extreme UV flux between 2 and 40 times the solar value (1-sigma), with larger escape rates corresponding to larger EUV flux. The best fit is obtained for dM/dt=10^{10} g/s and an EUV flux F_{EUV}=20 times the solar value. HD189733b is the second extrasolar planet for which atmospheric evaporation has been detected.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
What Is Poetry?
Creators: name: Green, Diane
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 369999
subject: Other creative arts and writing not elsewhere classified

description: "What is Poetry?" provides a compendium that provides accessibility, and easy discovery making it easier for people to discover new poems and poets they may not have encountered otherwise. This can be especially helpful for those who are new to poetry or who are looking for specific themes or styles. Having well known poems readily available can encourage more frequent engagement with poetry. Whether it's during a brief coffee break or while waiting in line, a quick compendium allows for instant immersion in the world of verse. It brings education, appreciation and exposure to diverse voices. A well-curated compendium can offer a glimpse into various historical periods, cultures, and perspectives, broadening the reader's understanding and appreciation of poetry. A quick reference guide can be invaluable for students or casual readers seeking to learn about different poetic forms, styles, and techniques. Inspiration: Reading a variety of poems can spark creativity and inspire individuals to write their own poetry. Poetry's evocative language and imagery can provide a calming and meditative experience, reducing stress and promoting relaxation. Emotional connection: Poems can evoke a range of emotions, allowing readers to connect with their own feelings and experiences in a meaningful way. Engaging with poetry can challenge perspectives, stimulate critical thinking, and encourage personal reflection and growth.
Asymptotics for rank and crank moments
Creators: name: Bringmann, K.
name: Mahlburg, K.
name: Rhoades, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11P55, 05A17

description: Moments of the partition rank and crank statistics have been studied for their connections to combinatorial objects such as Durfee symbols, as well as for their connections to harmonic Maass forms. This paper proves a conjecture due to Bringmann and Mahlburg that refined a conjecture of Garvan. Garvan's conjecture states that the moments of the crank function are always larger than the moments of the rank function, even though the moments have the same main asymptotic term. The proof uses the Hardy-Ramanujan method to provide precise asymptotic estimates for rank and crank moments and their differences.
description: 11 pages
Exchangeable Convertible Bond Valuation
Creators: name: Lee, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Exchangeable Convertible Bond Valuation

description: A convertible bond issuer pays periodic coupons to the convertible bond holder. The bond holder can convert the bond into the underlying stock within the period(s) of time specified by the conversion schedule. The bond issuer can call the bond and the holder can put it according to the call and put provisions.
description: https://osf.io/gndpa/wiki/home/
Additional file 4 of Genome-wide association study reveals the genetic determinism of serum biochemical indicators in ducks
Creators: name: Tang, Hehe
name: Zhang, He
name: Liu, Dapeng
name: Wang, Zhen
name: Yu, Daxin
name: Fan, Wenlei
name: Guo, Zhanbao
name: Huang, Wei
name: Hou, Shuisheng
name: Zhou, Zhengkui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S1. Determination results of 18 blood biochemical indicators.
Echoes from a Warped Dimension
Creators: name: Davoudiasl, Hooman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Randall-Sundrum (RS) model, based on a slice of warped 5D spacetime, was originally introduced to explain the apparent hierarchy between the scales of weak and gravitational interactions. Over the past decade, this model has been extended to provide a predictive theory of flavor, as well as to address various constraints from precision data. In this talk, we will present a brief review of the RS model and some of its extensions. A survey of some key signatures of realistic warped models and the experimental challenges they pose will be presented. We will also consider truncated warped scenarios that address smaller hierarchies and discuss why their discovery can have improved prospects, at the LHC.
description: Invited talk given by the author at The International Workshop on "Beyond the Standard Model Physics and LHC Signatures (BSM-LHC)," held at Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA, June 2-4, 2009. 10 pages, 9 figures
Causal Propagation of a Charged Spin 3/2 Field in an External Electromagnetic Background
Creators: name: Porrati, Massimo
name: Rahman, Rakibur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Lagrangian for a massive, charged spin 3/2 field in a constant external electromagnetic background, which correctly propagates only physical degrees of freedom inside the light cone. The Velo-Zwanziger acausality and other pathologies such as loss of hyperbolicity or the appearance of unphysical degrees of freedom are avoided by a judicious choice of non-minimal couplings. No additional fields or equations besides the spin 3/2 ones are needed to solve the problem.
description: 10 pages, references added. To appear in PRD
Systems of Hess-Appel'rot Type and Zhukovskii Property
Creators: name: Dragovic, Vladimir
name: Gajic, Borislav
name: Jovanovic, Bozidar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 70H06; 37J35

description: We start with a review of a class of systems with invariant relations, so called {\it systems of Hess--Appel'rot type} that generalizes the classical Hess--Appel'rot rigid body case. The systems of Hess-Appel'rot type carry an interesting combination of both integrable and non-integrable properties. Further, following integrable line, we study partial reductions and systems having what we call the {\it Zhukovskii property}: these are Hamiltonian systems with invariant relations, such that partially reduced systems are completely integrable. We prove that the Zhukovskii property is a quite general characteristic of systems of Hess-Appel'rote type. The partial reduction neglects the most interesting and challenging part of the dynamics of the systems of Hess-Appel'rot type - the non-integrable part, some analysis of which may be seen as a reconstruction problem. We show that an integrable system, the magnetic pendulum on the oriented Grassmannian $Gr^+(4,2)$ has natural interpretation within Zhukovskii property and it is equivalent to a partial reduction of certain system of Hess-Appel'rot type. We perform a classical and an algebro-geometric integration of the system, as an example of an isoholomorphic system. The paper presents a lot of examples of systems of Hess-Appel'rot type, giving an additional argument in favor of further study of this class of systems.
description: 42 pages
Background independent quantization and the uncertainty principle
Creators: name: Hossain, Golam Mortuza
name: Husain, Viqar
name: Seahra, Sanjeev S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that polymer quantization leads to a modified uncertainty principle similar to that obtained from string theory and non-commutative geometry. When applied to quantum field theory on general background spacetimes, corrections to the uncertainty principle acquire a metric dependence. For Friedmann-Robertson-Walker cosmology this translates to a scale factor dependence which gives a large effect in the early universe.
description: 6 pages
title: NUCLEAR GEOMETRY: SODIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINUM
Creators: name: Melker, Alexander I.
Publisher: name: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Year: 2020

description: The nuclear geometry has been developed by analogy with the fullerene geometry.
On the basis of this geometric approach, it was possible to design the structure of sodium,
magnesium and aluminum isomers and their isotopes, which can be obtained by means of
nuclear synthesis. The most stable nuclei can be classed into two groups: basic nuclei having
equal number of protons and neutrons and isotopes having one or two more neutrons. The
latter ensure their mechanical stability with respect to shear stresses, sending their electron to
the coat of mail created by the basic nuclei.
Stochastic modelling of reaction-diffusion processes: algorithms for bimolecular reactions
Creators: name: Erban, Radek
name: Chapman, S Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Several stochastic simulation algorithms (SSAs) have been recently proposed for modelling reaction-diffusion processes in cellular and molecular biology. In this paper, two commonly used SSAs are studied. The first SSA is an on-lattice model described by the reaction-diffusion master equation. The second SSA is an off-lattice model based on the simulation of Brownian motion of individual molecules and their reactive collisions. In both cases, it is shown that the commonly used implementation of bimolecular reactions (i.e. the reactions of the form A + B -> C, or A + A -> C) might lead to incorrect results. Improvements of both SSAs are suggested which overcome the difficulties highlighted. In particular, a formula is presented for the smallest possible compartment size (lattice spacing) which can be correctly implemented in the first model. This implementation uses a new formula for the rate of bimolecular reactions per compartment (lattice site).
description: 33 pages, submitted to Physical Biology
Additional file 5 of Genome-wide association study reveals the genetic determinism of serum biochemical indicators in ducks
Creators: name: Tang, Hehe
name: Zhang, He
name: Liu, Dapeng
name: Wang, Zhen
name: Yu, Daxin
name: Fan, Wenlei
name: Guo, Zhanbao
name: Huang, Wei
name: Hou, Shuisheng
name: Zhou, Zhengkui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Table S2. SNPs with a pairwise r2 > 0.6 with the leader SNP at chr2: 44113911 bp.
title: Dr. David F. Cruess, PhD Oral History Interview Transcript
Creators: name: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Publisher: name: University Archives, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814
Year: 2010
Subjects: classificationCode: 3
subject: FOS: Medical and health sciences
classificationCode: 6.1
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: USU Oral History Interview Transcript
Dr. David F. Cruess, PhD
Professor, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics
Member, Graduate Education Committee
Faculty Senate President
Chair, Board of Regents
02-16-2010
Interviewed by Megan Guglielmi
Sales impact of live streaming
Creators: name: Wang, Zining
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: This research investigates the sales impact of live streaming. We estimate the sales lift of live-streaming videos for a set of representative apparel brands using detailed sales and live-streaming records from a leading online marketplace. The empirical analysis reveals that live-streaming videos on e-commerce platforms have a positive sales impact on 81.44% of brands, no sales impact on 14.37% of brands, and a negative sales impact on the remaining 4.19%. Specifically, one extra live-streaming video to showcase a product leads to a median 22.9% increase in the product’s daily sales. Live-streaming channels owned by strong brands are more effective than those owned by weak brands. Additionally, the effectiveness of live-streaming videos varies across host types, with those hosted by brand-owned channels being the most effective, followed by star, and micro live-streamers. We further delve into the intricacies of live-shopping videos to explain the heterogeneous sales lifts among live-streamers. Specifically, we develop a deep-learning-based framework to extract multimodal features from 3,057 live product videos broadcasted by 111 live-streamers. We examine the sales impact of communication strategies employed by live-streamers while controlling for their nonverbal cues, including emotion display and vocal features. The results indicate that the usage of product sales pitches has a significant sales impact, such that on average, a 10% increase in the ratio of product-related content to CRM-related content leads to an 8.9% increase in live-streaming sales. Nonetheless, this sales lift of product sales pitches wanes as the follower counts of live-streamers decrease. In contrast, promotion sales pitches boost sales only if substantial discounts exist.
Up on the roof: a review of design, construction, and technology trends in vertical extensions
Creators: name: Julistiono, Eunike Kristi
name: Oldfield, Philip
name: Cardellicchio, Luciano
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: New spaces to accommodate growing urban populations should be created in a way that also reduces building lifecycle carbon emissions. In this context, the vertical extension (VE) has emerged as a novel building typology that can increase space in cities through the construction of additional floor area atop existing base buildings. This paper presents a review of 172 VE projects worldwide to provide an understanding of their design and construction trends, and to classify the technologies applied. Results show that VE construction has accelerated significantly over the past decade. Although most VEs consist of only small vertical additions, often one to two storeys, higher VEs can be built with innovative structural strategies and lightweight materials. Industrial buildings are often found to provide significant opportunities for VE due to their higher structural capacity. By comparing the characteristics and design of VEs, typologies based on architectural, structural, and construction technologies are presented.
title: The Share of Systematic Variations in the Canadian Dollar—Part III
Creators: name: Nolin, Guillaume
name: Kyeong, James
name: Fontaine, Jean-Sébastien
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2018

description: We draw a parallel between the dramatic increases of systematic variations in exchange rates and international bank lending. We find that when a country’s currency has a larger share of systematic variations, lending flows by international banks to that country become more sensitive to global lending - they also become more systematic. This parallel is particularly prevalent for large commodity exporters, including Canada. Global financial intermediation may open a new channel between the real economy and exchange rates.
description: Nous établissons un parallèle entre l’augmentation spectaculaire des variations systématiques des taux de change et les prêts bancaires internationaux. Nous constatons que, lorsque la part des variations systématiques de la monnaie d’un pays est importante, les flux de prêts bancaires internationaux vers le pays en question deviennent plus sensibles aux prêts bancaires à l’échelle mondiale et donc plus systématiques. Ce parallèle s’observe surtout parmi les grands pays exportateurs de produits de base, dont le Canada. L’intermédiation financière internationale pourrait ouvrir un nouveau canal entre l’économie réelle et les taux de change.
Additional file 8 of Genome-wide association study reveals the genetic determinism of serum biochemical indicators in ducks
Creators: name: Tang, Hehe
name: Zhang, He
name: Liu, Dapeng
name: Wang, Zhen
name: Yu, Daxin
name: Fan, Wenlei
name: Guo, Zhanbao
name: Huang, Wei
name: Hou, Shuisheng
name: Zhou, Zhengkui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Table S5. The result of GO enrichment analysis.
Capturing Humans' Mental Models of AI: An Item Response Theory Approach
Creators: name: Kelly, Markelle
name: Kumar, Aakriti
name: Smyth, Padhraic
name: Steyvers, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Improving our understanding of how humans perceive AI teammates is an important foundation for our general understanding of human-AI teams. Extending relevant work from cognitive science, we propose a framework based on item response theory for modeling these perceptions. We apply this framework to real-world experiments, in which each participant works alongside another person or an AI agent in a question-answering setting, repeatedly assessing their teammate's performance. Using this experimental data, we demonstrate the use of our framework for testing research questions about people's perceptions of both AI agents and other people. We contrast mental models of AI teammates with those of human teammates as we characterize the dimensionality of these mental models, their development over time, and the influence of the participants' own self-perception. Our results indicate that people expect AI agents' performance to be significantly better on average than the performance of other humans, with less variation across different types of problems. We conclude with a discussion of the implications of these findings for human-AI interaction.
description: FAccT 2023
$\mathcal{G}$-SELC: Optimization by sequential elimination of level combinations using genetic algorithms and Gaussian processes
Creators: name: Mandal, Abhyuday
name: Ranjan, Pritam
name: Wu, C. F. Jeff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Identifying promising compounds from a vast collection of feasible compounds is an important and yet challenging problem in the pharmaceutical industry. An efficient solution to this problem will help reduce the expenditure at the early stages of drug discovery. In an attempt to solve this problem, Mandal, Wu and Johnson [Technometrics 48 (2006) 273--283] proposed the SELC algorithm. Although powerful, it fails to extract substantial information from the data to guide the search efficiently, as this methodology is not based on any statistical modeling. The proposed approach uses Gaussian Process (GP) modeling to improve upon SELC, and hence named $\mathcal{G}$-SELC. The performance of the proposed methodology is illustrated using four and five dimensional test functions. Finally, we implement the new algorithm on a real pharmaceutical data set for finding a group of chemical compounds with optimal properties.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOAS199 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
DECIPHERING THE DYNAMICS OF IMPORT PENETRATION, FDI INFLOWS, AND NON-OIL EXPORT PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS (1981-2012)
Creators: name: Aisha, Halima Abdullahi
name: Chukwudi, Nnamdi Eze
Publisher: name: AMERICAN SERIAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Nigeria
Economic diversification
Crude oil dependency
Non-oil sector
Economic resilience

description: Since the 1970s, Nigeria's economy has been heavily reliant on crude oil, leading to the neglect of other sectors, particularly agriculture. This overdependence on oil has left the economy vulnerable to fluctuations in international crude oil prices and underscored the need for diversification. Calls for economic diversification have grown louder over the years, emphasizing the potential benefits of developing the non-oil sector. This review examines Nigeria's economic landscape, tracing the evolution of its dependence on oil and the resultant neglect of other sectors. It highlights the imperative of diversifying the economy to mitigate risks associated with oil price volatility and unlock the untapped potential of non-oil sectors.
Age-Related Observations of Low Mass Pre-Main and Young Main Sequence Stars (Invited Review)
Creators: name: Hillenbrand, Lynne A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This overview summarizes the age dating methods available for young sub-solar mass stars. Pre-main sequence age diagnostics include the Hertzsprung-Russell (HR) diagram, spectroscopic surface gravity indicators, and lithium depletion; asteroseismology is also showing recent promise. Near and beyond the zero-age main sequence, rotation period or vsini and activity (coronal and chromospheric) diagnostics along with lithium depletion serve as age proxies. Other authors in this volume present more detail in each of the aforementioned areas. Herein, I focus on pre-main sequence HR diagrams and address the questions: Do empirical young cluster isochrones match theoretical isochrones? Do isochrones predict stellar ages consistent with those derived via other independent techniques? Do the observed apparent luminosity spreads at constant effective temperature correspond to true age spreads? While definitive answers to these questions are not provided, some methods of progression are outlined.
description: to appear in IAU Symposium 258, "Ages of Stars", E.E. Mamajek, D.R. Soderblom, R.F.G. Wyse, eds
Scientific Opportunities at the ARIEL Electron Linac
Creators: name: Bernauer, Jan
name: Corliss, Ross
name: Gardner, Susan
name: Hasinoff, Michael
name: Kanungo, Rituparna
name: Martin, Jeffery
name: Milner, Richard
name: Pachal, Katherine
name: Suda, Toshimi
name: Yen, Stanley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper gives an overview of the scientific opportunities at the ARIEL electron accelerator identified in open discussion at the workshop, including applications in hadron structure, astrophysical processes, tests of quantum electrodynamics, dark matter and other BSM physics, and material science.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures. A review of topics from the 2022 workshop "New Scientific Opportunities with the TRIUMF ARIEL e-linac"
Optical spectroscopy of 20 Be/X-ray Binaries in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Antoniou, Vallia
name: Hatzidimitriou, Despina
name: Zezas, Andreas
name: Reig, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a large sample (20 in total) of optical spectra of Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) High-Mass X-ray Binaries obtained with the 2dF spectrograph at the Anglo-Australian Telescope. All of these sources are found to be Be/X-ray binaries (Be-XRBs), while for 5 sources we present original classifications. Several statistical tests on this expanded sample support previous findings for similar spectral-type distributions of Be-XRBs and Be field stars in the SMC, and of Be-XRBs in the Large Magellanic Cloud and the Milky Way, although this could be the result of small samples. On the other hand, we find that Be-XRBs follow a different distribution than Be stars in the Galaxy, also in agreement with previous studies. In addition, we find similar Be spectral type distributions between the Magellanic Clouds samples. These results reinforce the relation between the orbital period and the equivalent width of the Halpha line that holds for Be-XRBs. SMC Be stars have larger Halpha equivalent widths when compared to Be-XRBs, supporting the notion of circumstellar disk truncation by the compact object.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
A MAD view of Trumpler 14
Creators: name: Sana, H.
name: Momany, Y.
name: Gieles, M.
name: Carraro, G.
name: Beletsky, Y.
name: Ivanov, V. D.
name: De Silva, G.
name: James, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present adaptive optics (AO) near-infrared observations of the core of the Tr 14 cluster in the Carina region obtained with the ESO multi-conjugate AO demonstrator, MAD. Our campaign yields AO-corrected observations with an image quality of about 0.2 arcsec across the 2 arcmin field of view, which is the widest AO mosaic ever obtained. We detected almost 2000 sources spanning a dynamic range of 10 mag. The pre-main sequence (PMS) locus in the colour-magnitude diagram is well reproduced by Palla & Stahler isochrones with an age of 3 to 5 1E+05 yr, confirming the very young age of the cluster. We derive a very high (deprojected) central density n0~4.5(+/-0.5) \times 10^4 pc^-3 and estimate the total mass of the cluster to be about ~4.3^{+3.3}_{-1.5} \times 10^3 Msun, although contamination of the field of view might have a significant impact on the derived mass. We show that the pairing process is largely dominated by chance alignment so that physical pairs are difficult to disentangle from spurious ones based on our single epoch observation. Yet, we identify 150 likely bound pairs, 30% of these with a separation smaller than 0.5 arcsec (~1300AU). We further show that at the 2-sigma level massive stars have more companions than lower-mass stars and that those companions are respectively brighter on average, thus more massive. Finally, we find some hints of mass segregation for stars heavier than about 10 Msun. If confirmed, the observed degree of mass segregation could be explained by dynamical evolution, despite the young age of the cluster.
description: 15 pages, 24 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Perceived density and positive affect ratings of studio apartments: an EEG study
Creators: name: Zur, Naama
name: Shamay-Tsoory, Simone
name: Sterkin, Anna
name: Fisher-Gewirtzman, Dafna
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Perceived density was examined as two architectural design features were varied: wider wall location in trapezoid-shaped apartments and window size. Subjects rated perceived density and positive affect following presentation of apartment units with these features changed but with the same amount of space. Two electroencephalogram (EEG) measures were examined: event-related desynchronization modulation (Mu-Rhythm) and Theta power – both associated with movement planning. There was an interaction of design features – the wide wall was at the entrance (appears narrowing) with a narrow window, was rated higher for perceived density compared to all other conditions. There was also an interaction for Mu Rhythm – greater modulation for incongruence: widening apartments with narrow windows or narrowing apartments with wide windows. Theta power results indicated a window size main effect – increased Theta power in wider window conditions. These findings support the idea that density perception is linked with movement planning and could lead to guidelines for architectural design in limited spaces to enhance wellbeing.
Application of the proximity force approximation to gravitational and Yukawa-type forces
Creators: name: Decca, R. S.
name: Fischbach, E.
name: Klimchitskaya, G. L.
name: Krause, D. E.
name: López, D.
name: Mostepanenko, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the proximity force approximation, which is widely used for the calculation of the Casimir force between bodies with nonplanar boundary surfaces, to gravitational and Yukawa-type interactions. It is shown that for the gravitational force in a sphere-plate configuration the general formulation of the proximity force approximation is well applicable. For a Yukawa-type interaction we demonstrate the validity of both the general formulation of the proximity force approximation, and a simple mapping between the sphere-plate and plate-plate configurations. The claims to the contrary in some recent literature are thus incorrect. Our results justify the constraints on the parameters of non-Newtonian gravity previously obtained from the indirect dynamic measurements of the Casimir pressure.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
Maxwell equations in matrix form, squaring procedure, separating the variables, and structure of electromagnetic solutions
Creators: name: Kisel, V. V.
name: Ovsiyuk, E. M.
name: Red'kov, V. M.
name: Tokarevskaya, N. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Riemann -- Silberstein -- Majorana -- Oppenheimer approach to the Maxwell electrodynamics in vacuum is investigated within the matrix formalism. The matrix form of electrodynamics includes three real 4 \times 4 matrices. Within the squaring procedure we construct four formal solutions of the Maxwell equations on the base of scalar Klein -- Fock -- Gordon solutions. The problem of separating physical electromagnetic waves in the linear space λ_{0}Ψ^{0}+λ_{1}Ψ^{1}+λ_{2}Ψ^{2}+ lambda_{3}Ψ^{3} is investigated, several particular cases, plane waves and cylindrical waves, are considered in detail.
description: 26 pages 16 International Seminar NCPC, May 19-22, 2009, Minsk, Belarus
Angular analysis of the B$^0$ $\to$ K$^*$(892)$^0μ^+μ^-$ decay in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A full set of optimized observables is measured in an angular analysis of the decay B$^0$ $\to$ K$^*$(892)$^0μ^+μ^-$ using a sample of proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb$^{-1}$. The analysis is performed in six bins of the squared invariant mass of the dimuon system, $q^2$, over the range 1.1 $\lt$ $q^2$ $\lt$ 16 GeV$^2$. The results are among the most precise experimental measurements of the angular observables for this decay and are compared to a variety of predictions based on the standard model. Some of these predictions exhibit tension with the measurements.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables, including additional supplementary figures and tables, can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/BPH-21-002 (CMS Public Pages)
Skin Deep: Investigating Subjectivity in Skin Tone Annotations for Computer Vision Benchmark Datasets
Creators: name: Barrett, Teanna
name: Chen, Quan Ze
name: Zhang, Amy X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To investigate the well-observed racial disparities in computer vision systems that analyze images of humans, researchers have turned to skin tone as more objective annotation than race metadata for fairness performance evaluations. However, the current state of skin tone annotation procedures is highly varied. For instance, researchers use a range of untested scales and skin tone categories, have unclear annotation procedures, and provide inadequate analyses of uncertainty. In addition, little attention is paid to the positionality of the humans involved in the annotation process--both designers and annotators alike--and the historical and sociological context of skin tone in the United States. Our work is the first to investigate the skin tone annotation process as a sociotechnical project. We surveyed recent skin tone annotation procedures and conducted annotation experiments to examine how subjective understandings of skin tone are embedded in skin tone annotation procedures. Our systematic literature review revealed the uninterrogated association between skin tone and race and the limited effort to analyze annotator uncertainty in current procedures for skin tone annotation in computer vision evaluation. Our experiments demonstrated that design decisions in the annotation procedure such as the order in which the skin tone scale is presented or additional context in the image (i.e., presence of a face) significantly affected the resulting inter-annotator agreement and individual uncertainty of skin tone annotations. We call for greater reflexivity in the design, analysis, and documentation of procedures for evaluation using skin tone.
description: To appear in FAcct '23
Perceived density and positive affect ratings of studio apartment: an EEG study
Creators: name: Zur, Naama
name: Shamay-Tsoory, Simone
name: Sterkin, Anna
name: Fisher-Gewirtzman, Dafna
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Perceived density was examined as two architectural design features were varied: wider wall location in trapezoid-shaped apartments and window size. Subjects rated perceived density and positive affect following presentation of apartment units with these features changed but with the same amount of space. Two Electroencephalograph (EEG) measures were examined: event-related desynchronization modulation (Mu-Rhythm) and Theta power – both associated with movement planning. There was an interaction of design features – the wide wall was at the entrance (appears narrowing) with a narrow window, was rated higher for perceived density compared to all other conditions. There was also an interaction for Mu Rhythm – greater modulation for incongruence: widening apartments with narrow windows or narrowing apartments with wide windows. Theta power results indicated a window size main effect – increased Theta power in wider window conditions. These findings support the idea that density perception is linked with movement planning and could lead to guidelines for architectural design in limited spaces to enhance wellbeing.
Evolution of Cosmological Parameters and Fundamental Constants in a Flat Quintessence Cosmology: A Dynamical Alternative to ΛCDM
Creators: name: Thompson, Rodger I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The primary purpose of this work is the provision of accurate, analytic, evolutionary templates for cosmological parameters and fundamental constants in a dynamical cosmology. A flat quintessence cosmology with a dark energy potential that has the mathematical form of the Higgs potential is the specific cosmology and potential addressed in this work. These templates, based on the physics of the cosmology and potential are intended to replace the parameterizations currently used to determine the likelihoods of dynamical cosmologies. Acknowledging that, unlike ΛCDM, the evolutions are dependent on both the specific cosmology and the dark energy potential the templates are referred to as Specific Cosmology and Potential, SCP, templates. The requirements set for the SCP templates are that they must be accurate, analytic functions of an observable such as the scale factor or redshift. This is achieved through the utilization of a modified beta function formalism that is based on a physically motivated dark energy potential to calculate the beta function. The methodology developed here is designed to be adaptable to other cosmologies and dark energy potentials. The SCP templates are essential tools in determining the relative likelihoods of a range of dynamical cosmologies and potentials. An ultimate purpose is the determination whether dark energy is dynamical or static in a quantitative manner. It is suggested that the SCP templates calculated in this work can serve as fiducial dynamical templates in the same manner as ΛCDM serves for static dark energy.
description: Published in the Journal Universe
Apparent dispersion in pulsar braking index measurements caused by timing noise
Creators: name: Vargas, Andrés F.
name: Melatos, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stochastic temporal wandering of the spin frequency $ν$ of a rotation-powered pulsar (i.e.~the achromatic component of timing noise unrelated to interstellar propagation) affects the accuracy with which the secular braking torque can be measured. Observational studies confirm that pulsars with anomalous braking indices $\vert n \vert = \vert ν\ddotν / \dotν^2 \vert \gg 1$ exhibit elevated levels of timing noise, where an overdot symbolizes a derivative with respect to time. Here it is shown, through analytic calculations and Monte Carlo simulations involving synthetic data and modern Bayesian timing techniques, that the variance $\langle n^2 \rangle$ of the measured $n$ scales with the square of the timing noise amplitude $σ_{\ddotν}$. The anomalous regime $\langle n^2 \rangle \gg 1$ corresponds to $ σ_{\ddotν}^2 \gg 10^{-60} (γ_{\ddotν}/10^{-6} \, {\rm s^{-1}})^2 (\dotν / 10^{-14} \, {\rm Hz \, s^{-1}})^4 (ν/ 1 \, {\rm Hz})^{-2} (T_{\rm obs} / 10^8 \, {\rm s}) \, {\rm Hz}^2{\rm s}^{-5 }$, where $γ_{\ddotν}$ is a stellar damping time-scale, and $T_{\rm obs}$ is the total observing time. When the inequality in the above condition is reversed, $n$ is dominated by the secular braking torque, and timing measurements return $n\sim 3$, if the secular braking torque is electromagnetic. The variance $\langle n^2 \rangle$ is greater, when the stochastic process driving spin fluctuations differs from the red noise model (e.g. power-law spectral density) assumed in the timing solution.
Additional file 9 of Genome-wide association study reveals the genetic determinism of serum biochemical indicators in ducks
Creators: name: Tang, Hehe
name: Zhang, He
name: Liu, Dapeng
name: Wang, Zhen
name: Yu, Daxin
name: Fan, Wenlei
name: Guo, Zhanbao
name: Huang, Wei
name: Hou, Shuisheng
name: Zhou, Zhengkui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 9: Table S6. The result of the KEGG enrichment analysis.
title: Customer Liquidity Provision in Canadian Bond Markets
Creators: name: Garriott, Corey
name: Johal, Jesse
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2018

description: This analytical note assesses the prevalence of liquidity provision by institutional investors in Canadian bonds. We find that the practice is not prevalent in Canada. Customer liquidity provision is more prevalent for less liquid bonds, on days when liquidity is already expensive or when there are larger trading volumes. In our interpretation, Canadian dealers draw on customer liquidity as a supplementary source of liquidity and only when necessary, given its cost.
description: Dans cette note analytique, nous évaluons la prépondérance du service de liquidité rendu par les investisseurs institutionnels sur le marché obligataire canadien. Nous constatons que cette pratique n’est pas courante au Canada. Le service de liquidité assuré par les clients des courtiers s’observe plus fréquemment dans le cas des obligations peu liquides, les jours où le coût de la liquidité est déjà élevé et ceux où le volume des transactions est important. Selon notre interprétation, ce service représente pour les courtiers canadiens une source de liquidité supplémentaire, qu’ils n’utilisent qu’au besoin, étant donné le coût qui s’y rattache.
Stellar Age Estimation from ~3 Myr to ~3 Gyr
Creators: name: Hillenbrand, Lynne
name: Mamajek, Eric
name: Stauffer, John
name: Soderblom, David
name: Carpenter, John
name: Meyer, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present recent progress on quantitative estimation of stellar ages using ind icators such as theoretical evolutionary tracks, rotation, rotation-driven chrom ospheric and coronal activity, and lithium depletion. Our focus is on roughly so lar-mass and solar-metallicity stars younger than the Sun. We attempt to charac terize the systematic and random error sources and then derive "best" ages alo ng with the dispersion in age arising among the various age estimation methods. Our main application of these techniques is to the evolution of debris disks.
description: 4 pages; to appear in "Cool Stars XV" published by AIP Conference Series (online only)
The spectral investigation of seven HII regions in Kazarian galaxies
Creators: name: Adibekyan, V. Zh.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to SDSS DR5 spectra the spectrophotometric investigations of seven HII regions of six Kazarian galaxies are conducted. The abundances of heavy elements and helium and also quantity of ionizing stars and star formation rate are determined. The oxygen abundance 12+log(O/H) lies in the range 7.94 - 8.35. The mean log(S/O), log(Ar/O) and log(Ne/O) abundance ratios are equal to: -1.63, -2.37 and -0.78, respectively. The log(N/O) abundance ratio of investigated HII regions is in the interval -0.63 to -1.37. They occupy the same area in the diagram N/O - O/H as the high-excitation HII regions. Most likely, the ages of investigated HII regions are larger than 100-300 Myr, required for the enrichment in nitrogen by intermediate-mass stars. The star formation rate is one order as in HII regions in spiral and irregular galaxies, and is in the interval 0.05 - 0.81 M year-1.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables, published in Astrophysics, Vol. 51, No. 1, 2008 (English translation of Astrofizika)
Let there be neutrons! Hadronic photoproduction from a large flux of high-energy photons
Creators: name: Mumpower, Matthew R.
name: Lee, Tsung-Shung H.
name: Lloyd-Ronning, Nicole
name: Barker, Brandon L.
name: Gross, Axel
name: Cupp, Samuel
name: Miller, Jonah M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that neutrons may be generated in high-energy, high-flux photon environments via photo-induced reactions on pre-existing baryons. These photohadronic interactions are expected to occur in astrophysical jets and surrounding material. Historically, these reactions have been attributed to the production of high-energy cosmic rays and neutrinos. We estimate the photoproduction off of protons in the context of gamma-ray bursts, where it is expected there will be sufficient baryonic material that may be encompassing or entrained in the jet. We show that typical stellar baryonic material, even material completely devoid of neutrons, can become inundated with neutrons in situ via hadronic photoproduction. Consequently, this mechanism provides a means for collapsars and other astrophysical sites containing substantial flux of high-energy photons to be favorable for neutron-capture nucleosynthesis.
description: Published version appearing in ApJ