cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Assessment of respiratory sensitizers: Cytokine responses in a 3D alveolo-capillary barrier model in vitro
Creators: name: M. I. Hermanns
name: J. Kasper
name: R. E. Unger
name: G. Carpentier
name: E. L. Roggen
name: C. J. Kirkpatrick
Publisher: name: Advanced Biomaterials and Devices in Medicine
Year: 2015
Subjects: 3D tissues
in vitro
proinflammatory cytokines
respiratory toxicity
sensitizer

description: Inhalation of highand low-molecular weight chemicals is a leading cause of allergic respiratory diseases. Respiratory epithelium has not only a barrier function, but contributes to pathogenesis via immuno-modulatory effector mechanisms. In this context, the epithelium is the first cell-type which primarily interacts with inhaled allergens. Our aim was to investigate the in vitro effects of respiratory sensitizers (trimellitic anhydride (TMA), diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), ammonium hexachloroplatinate IV (HCPt) and three enzymes) on specific cells of the human distal lung barrier. We examined the influence of these compounds on a human lung epithelial cell line with characteristics of alveolar type II and Clara cells (NCI H441) and on the micro vascular endothelial cell line (ISO-HAS-1) in an established co-culture model of the alveolo-capillary barrier. Apical exposure (inhalative exposure) to subtoxic doses of the compounds (maximum of 25% loss of barrier integrity compared to vehicle control) did not markedly affect the barrier function. However, a clear compartmentalized cytokine release was detected. All respiratory sensitizers (HCPt, TMA, MDI and enzymes) induced a specific cytokine release pattern in the basolateral compartment (corresponding to the vascular lumen) after apical exposure, whereas dermal sensitizers (DNCB, CA and the irritant SA) did not show such an effect. This immuno-modulatory effector mechanism could be a possible contribution of the distal lung epithelial and endothelial cells to the pathogenesis of respiratory sensitization. Our data suggest that measuring a basolateral release of cytokines in apically exposed co-cultures may represent a promising in vitro model for the screening of potential chemical respiratory allergens.
Rapporteur Talk: Cosmic Ray Direct
Creators: name: Mertsch, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the report on the cosmic ray direct track of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021), broadly covering the contributions relating to charged cosmic rays (CRs) of Galactic origin. The contributions highlighted here are of both observational and theoretical nature and aim at interpreting the local fluxes of CRs as well as studying the wider dynamical effects of CRs. New data from space-borne experiments on CR electrons and positrons, proton and helium as well as heavier nuclei and their isotopes are reviewed. We cover some models of CR acceleration and their feedback on Galactic scales. Diffuse emission in gamma-rays as far as it concerns the CR spectra in the immediate vicinity of the solar system and CR anisotropies are covered briefly. Some upcoming and proposed experiments are highlighted towards the end.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures
The effect of titanium dental implant surfaces with varying microtopography on the temporal expression of the osteogenic phenotype in vitro
Creators: name: C. Knabe
name: I. Naumann
name: A. Houshmand
name: M. A. Lopez-Heredia
name: M. Stiller
name: T. Niem
name: B. Wostmann
name: A. Hiibner
name: C. Miiller-Mai
Publisher: name: Advanced Biomaterials and Devices in Medicine
Year: 2015
Subjects: titanium dental implants
implant surfaces
microarchitecture
surface properties
SaOS-2
osteogenic phenotype
osteoblast
cell differentiation
bone

description: Over the past 15 years, titanium implant surfaces, which exhibit two superimposed levels of surface roughness, have received increasing attention in implant dentistry in view of accelerating the osseous integration of dental implants. However, there are few studies, which compare the biological behavior of a range of these clinically used implant surfaces with varying mixed microtopography to each other. This study aimed at establishing the relationship between the surface properties of an array of clinically used titanium implant surfaces with varying mixed microtopography and their osteogenic potential. Type I collagen (Col I), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin (OP), osteocalcin (OC), osteonectin (ON) and bone sialoprotein (BSP) are valuable markers for evaluating the osteogenic potential of endosseous implant materials. This study analyzed Col I, ALP, OP, OC, ON and BSP expression by SaOS-2 bone cells cultured on various implant surfaces with mixed microtopography for 3, 7, 14 and 21 days. Test materials were titanium disks with Cellplus® (CP), Promote® (Pro), SLA® (SLA), Titanium plasma-sprayed (TPS) and Osseotite® (Oss) surfaces. Machined Ti (MTi) was used as control. All surfaces supported cell proliferation, differentiation and extracellular matrix formation and mineralization. The SLA surface had the greatest stimulatory effect on osteoblast proliferation and differentiation; suggesting that this surface possesses the highest potency to enhance osteogenesis. This study shows that slight differences in surface microarchitectural features have a significant effect on the osteogenic phenotype expression in vitro. These differences are likely to influence the implant in vivo performance in patients
MIARMA: An information preserving method for filling gaps in time series. Application to CoRoT light curves
Creators: name: Pascual-Granado, J.
name: Garrido, R.
name: Suárez, J. C
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The method here presented intends to minimize the effect of the gaps in the power spectra by gap-filling preserving the original information, that is, in the case of asteroseismology, the stellar oscillation frequency content. We make use of a forward-backward predictor based on autoregressive moving average modelling (ARMA) in the time domain. The method MIARMA is particularly suitable for replacing invalid data such as those present in the light curves of the CoRoT satellite due to the pass through the South Atlantic Anomaly, and eventually for the data gathered by the NASA planet hunter Kepler. We select a sample of stars from the ultra-precise photometry collected by the asteroseismic camera on board the CoRoT satellite: the δ Scuti star HD 174966, showing periodic variations of the same order as the CoRoT observational window, the Be star HD 51193, showing longer time variations, and the solar-like HD 49933, with rapid time variations. We showed that in some cases linear interpolations are less reliable to what was believed. In particular: the power spectrum of HD 174966 is clearly aliased when this interpolation is used for filling the gaps; the light curve of HD 51193 presents a much more aliased spectrum than expected for a low frequency harmonic signal; and finally, although the linear interpolation does not affect noticeably the power spectrum of the CoRoT light curve of the solar-like star HD 49933, the ARMA interpolation showed rapid variations previously unidentified that ARMA interprets as a signal. In any case, the ARMA interpolation method provides a cleaner power spectrum, that is, less contaminated by spurious frequencies. In conclusion, MIARMA appears to be a suitable method for filling gaps in the light curves of pulsating stars observed by CoRoT since the method preserves their frequency content, which is a necessary condition for asteroseismic studies.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, submitted to A&A
Novel soy protein blend scaffolds loaded with antibiotics: Drug release profile—bacterial inhibition effects
Creators: name: H. Olami
name: I. Berdicevsky
name: M. Zilberman
Publisher: name: Advanced Biomaterials and Devices in Medicine
Year: 2015
Subjects: soy protein
scaffold
tissue regeneration
antibiotics release
bacterial inhibition

description: Soy protein is a natural biocompatible and biodegradable material and can therefore be used in biomedical applications. However, the practical use of pure soy protein is limited, due to its unsatisfactory physical properties. We hypothesized that cross-linking and blending soy protein with other natural polymers would enhance its biostability and potential use for skin regeneration applications. In the current study, gelatin and alginate were chemically cross-linked to soy protein using the cross-linking agent carbodiimide, and a porous blend structure was obtained through lyophilization. The antibiotic drug clindamycin was incorporated into the matrix for local controlled release, enabling a continuous bactericidal effect. The study focused on the microstructure and weight loss as well as the release profile of clindamycin from the porous blend structure and its effect on bacterial inhibition. Our results show that these blend structures can be assembled into porous three-dimensional structures. The soy protein-alginate blends remained intact and stable for longer than the soy protein-gelatin blends. Clindamycin release from the soy protein-based scaffolds exhibited a high burst effect (70%) accompanied by a decrease in the release rate for up to 4 days. The clindamycin release was correlated with in vitro bacterial inhibition profiles which demonstrated a significant decrease in the bacterial viability and effectively inhibited S. aureus and S. albus for 4 days. These soy protein porous blend scaffolds may be potentially useful as a unique drug/cells carrier platform for skin regeneration applications.
Introducing an ultralight, high-strength, biodegradable Mg-4Li-lCa alloy
Creators: name: S. S. Nene
name: Y. Estrin
name: B. P. Kashyap
name: N. Prabhu
name: T. Al-Samman
name: B. J. C. Luthringer
name: R. Willumeit
Publisher: name: Advanced Biomaterials and Devices in Medicine
Year: 2015
Subjects: Mg-4Li-lCa alloy
biodegradation
implant application
cytocompatibility
live-dead staining
two step rolling

description: Mg-4Li-lCa ternary alloy produced by melting from two binary master alloys was subjected to two-step rolling undergoing 60% thickness reduction in each. The density of the wrought alloy was found to be 1.56 ±0.3 gm/cm3—lower than the density of any commercial Mg alloys. Rolling resulted in a remarkable improvement in tensile strength (250 MPa) owing to substantial micro structure refinement and a rather uniform dispersion of second phase particles. Biodegradation behaviour in simulated physiological environments confirmed the formation of a hydroxyapatite layer ensuring good biocompatibility of the alloy. The live/dead staining results with osteoblast cells showed a substantial fraction of live cells upon seven days of culture, which indicates excellent cytocompatibility of the alloy. This was further supported by the scanning electron microscopy evidence. We conclude that the new Mg-4Li-lCa alloy is a promising material for medical implants possessing a favourable combination of properties, including low density, high strength, and promising cell response.
D4-branes wrapped on four-dimensional orbifolds through consistent truncation
Creators: name: Couzens, Christopher
name: Kim, Hyojoong
name: Kim, Nakwoo
name: Lee, Yein
name: Suh, Minwoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a consistent truncation of six-dimensional matter coupled $F(4)$ gauged supergravity on a cornucopia of two-dimensional surfaces including a spindle, disc, domain wall and other novel backgrounds to four-dimensional minimal gauged supergravity. Using our consistent truncation we uplift known AdS$_2\times Σ_1$ solutions giving rise to four-dimensional orbifold solutions, AdS$_2\timesΣ_1\ltimesΣ_2$. We further uplift our solutions to massive type IIA supergravity by constructing the full uplift formulae for six-dimensional U$(1)^2$-gauged supergravity including all fields and arbitrary Romans mass and gauge coupling. The solutions we construct are naturally interpreted as the near-horizon geometries of asymptotically AdS$_6$ black holes with a four-dimensional orbifold horizon. Alternatively, one may view them as the holographic duals of superconformal quantum mechanical theories constructed by compactifying five-dimensional USp$(2N)$ theory living on a stack of D4-D8 branes on the four-dimensional orbifolds. As a first step to identifying these quantum mechanical theories we compute the Bekenstein--Hawking entropy holographically.
description: v2: 49 pages, 3 figures, minor changes, published version
Kinetics of Ag+ ion release from TiCaPCON-Ag films: Influence of Ag content and surface roughness
Creators: name: I. V. Sukhorukova
name: A. N. Sheveyko
name: Ph. V. Kiryukhantsev-Komeev
name: D. V. Shtansky
Publisher: name: Advanced Biomaterials and Devices in Medicine
Year: 2015
Subjects: magnetron sputtering
TiCaPCON-Ag films
structure
surface roughness
electrochemical study
Ag+ ion release

description: TiCaPCON-Ag films with 1.0 and 2.5 at % Ag were deposited by magnetron sputtering onto Ti substrates with different surface roughness, i.e. (i) polished Ti with average surface roughness Ra = 20 nm and (ii) pulsed electrospark treated Ti with Ra = 8 pm. Doping with Ag was found to result in the formation of Ag nanoparticles, 5-10 nm in size, located on the film surface. The kinetics of Ag+ ion release from the films into physiological solution was studied by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. It has been demonstrated that the process of Ag+ ion leaching out of the surface can be well controlled by varying the substrate surface roughness and the Ag content of the films
A Dynamic Gender-barriers Framework to Women's Entrepreneurship: A Competency-based Perspective
Creators: name: Tatiana, Somià
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This paper presents a new dynamic gender-barriers framework that aims to provide an updated, layered, and contextualized view of barriers and seeks to further a holistic understanding of women's entrepreneurship and its evolution. Barriers can be created, developed, or removed, in different areas and at different levels, changing over time. Gender barriers can overlap and cross different levels of analysis, and the removal or strengthening of a barrier can have a domino effect on other elements, generating unintended negative consequences, or creating synergies. This work focuses attention on individual barriers, related to a lack of specific competencies, and offers recommendations to practitioners, policy makers, and ecosystem supporters on how to effectively contribute to the competency development of women entrepreneurs. Strategies and policies to develop the competencies, through experiential entrepreneurship programs and executive coaching initiatives, can produce a ripple effect across different layers of society, contributing to reduce the gender gap.
Community of endophytic bacteria colonized in Jerusalem artichoke observed under molecular technique
Creators: name: Wiyada Mongkolthanaruk
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2024
Subjects: Bacterial community
Colonization
Endophytes
Helianthus tuberosus L.

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 29, 5, 4 (8 pages)
Pathway-specific dopaminergic deficits in a mouse model of Angelman syndrome
Creators: name: Dankoski, Elyse C.
name: Riday, Thorfinn T.
name: Malanga, C.J.
name: Wightman, R. Mark
name: Krouse, Michael C.
name: Han, Ji Eun
name: Philpot, Benjamin D.
name: Fish, Eric W.
name: Walsh, Paul L.
name: Hodge, Clyde W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by maternal deletions or mutations of the ubiquitin ligase E3A (UBE3A) allele and characterized by minimal verbal communication, seizures, and disorders of voluntary movement. Previous studies have suggested that abnormal dopamine neurotransmission may underlie some of these deficits, but no effective treatment currently exists for the core features of AS. A clinical trial of levodopa (l-DOPA) in AS is ongoing, although the underlying rationale for this treatment strategy has not yet been thoroughly examined in preclinical models. We found that AS model mice lacking maternal Ube3a (Ube3am–/p+ mice) exhibit behavioral deficits that correlated with abnormal dopamine signaling. These deficits were not due to loss of dopaminergic neurons or impaired dopamine synthesis. Unexpectedly, Ube3am–/p+ mice exhibited increased dopamine release in the mesolimbic pathway while also exhibiting a decrease in dopamine release in the nigrostriatal pathway, as measured with fast-scan cyclic voltammetry. These findings demonstrate the complex effects of UBE3A loss on dopamine signaling in subcortical motor pathways that may inform ongoing clinical trials of l-DOPA therapy in patients with AS.
Semi-blind Bayesian inference of CMB map and power spectrum
Creators: name: Vansyngel, Flavien
name: Wandelt, Benjamin D.
name: Cardoso, Jean-François
name: Benabed, Karim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new blind formulation of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) inference problem. The approach relies on a phenomenological model of the multi-frequency microwave sky without the need for physical models of the individual components. For all-sky and high resolution data, it unifies parts of the analysis that have previously been treated separately, such as component separation and power spectrum inference. We describe an efficient sampling scheme that fully explores the component separation uncertainties on the inferred CMB products such as maps and/or power spectra. External information about individual components can be incorporated as a prior giving a flexible way to progressively and continuously introduce physical component separation from a maximally blind approach. We connect our Bayesian formalism to existing approaches such as Commander, SMICA and ILC, and discuss possible future extensions.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Matching entropy based disparity estimation from light field
Creators: name: Shi, Ligen
name: Liu, Chang
name: He, Di
name: Zhao, Xing
name: Qiu, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A major challenge for matching-based depth estimation is to prevent mismatches in occlusion and smooth regions. An effective matching window satisfying three characteristics: texture richness, disparity consistency and anti-occlusion should be able to prevent mismatches to some extent. According to these characteristics, we propose matching entropy in the spatial domain of light field to measure the amount of correct information in a matching window, which provides the criterion for matching window selection. Based on matching entropy regularization, we establish an optimization model for depth estimation with a matching cost fidelity term. To find the optimum, we propose a two-step adaptive matching algorithm. First, the region type is adaptively determined to identify occluding, occluded, smooth and textured regions. Then, the matching entropy criterion is used to adaptively select the size and shape of matching windows, as well as the visible viewpoints. The two-step process can reduce mismatches and redundant calculations by selecting effective matching windows. The experimental results on synthetic and real data show that the proposed method can effectively improve the accuracy of depth estimation in occlusion and smooth regions and has strong robustness for different noise levels. Therefore, high-precision depth estimation from 4D light field data is achieved.
A Review of computer simulation studies of cell membrane interaction with neutral and charged nano-objects. Quasi-zero-dimensional nanoparticles, drugs and fullerenes
Creators: name: A. A. Tsukanov
name: S. G. Psakhie
Publisher: name: Advanced Biomaterials and Devices in Medicine
Year: 2015
Subjects: molecular dynamics
cell membrane
lipids
nano-object
charged nanoparticle
computer simulation

description: The present paper is an overview of molecular dynamics simulation studies related to the interaction of neutral and charged nanoobjects with cell membranes. This research area is of great interest because of possible biomedical applications of nanoparticles and since now computer simulation techniques provide a detailed picture of structure and dynamics of membranes. An attempt is made to “systematize” the results of currently available numerical studies, combining nano-objects into six groups according to their general characteristics, for example, size, shape, fractal dimension, composition. A number of possible mechanisms of the nano-objects impact on the lipid bilayer structure and properties are revealed and discussed.
Introduction of deep level impurities, S, Se, and Zn, into Si wafers for high-temperature operation of a Si qubit
Creators: name: Ban, Yoshisuke
name: Kato, Kimihiko
name: Iizuka, Shota
name: Murakami, Shigenori
name: Ishibashi, Koji
name: Moriyama, Satoshi
name: Mori, Takahiro
name: Ono, Keiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To realize high-temperature operation of Si qubits, deep impurity levels with large confinement energy, which are hardly thermally excited, have been introduced into Si wafers. Group II impurity Zn and group VI impurities S and Se, which are known to form deep levels, were introduced into the Si substrates by ion implantation. These samples were analyzed for concentration-depth profiles, energy level depths, and absence of defects. To introduce deep impurities into thin channels such as 50-nm-thick Si, we found impurity introduction conditions so that the concentration depth profiles have maximum value at less than 50 nm from the Si surface. Then, the formation of the deep levels and absence of defects were experimentally examined. By using the conditions to introduce deep impurities into Si wafer obtained from the experiments, single-electron transport at room temperature, high-temperature operation of qubit, and room-temperature quantum magnetic sensors are promising.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
P-TCP-FeMg biodegradable nanocomposites: in vivo behavior and bone scaffold processing
Creators: name: S. K. Swain
name: I. Gotman
name: E. Y. Gutmanas
Publisher: name: Advanced Biomaterials and Devices in Medicine
Year: 2015
Subjects: bone scaffold
nanocomposite
P-TCP
iron
magnesium
subcutaneous implantation

description: 40 to 70% porous beta-tricalcium phosphate ((3-TCP) based bone scaffolds reinforced by FeMg metallic phase were produced by mixing precompacted nanocomposite granules (P-TCP with 30 vol % FeMg) of different size with salt particles followed by high pressure consolidation at room temperature and porogen dissolution. The use of precompacted granules instead of the loose P-TCP-30 (FeMg) powder allowed us to obtain scaffolds with high Darcy’s permeability while maintaining load bearing characteristics. Scaffolds with 50% porosity exhibited the best combination of compressive strength (8.5-10.5 MPa) and permeability (-3.5x10 10 m2) falling within the range of trabecular bone. Subcutaneous implantation of dense P-TCP-30 (FeMg) discs in mice demonstrated the absence of the scaffold material toxicity. The formation of degradation products (Fe-oxides and Fe-phosphate) on the implant surface, as well as a 30-40 % loss of compressive strength after 3 months implantation indicated the degradation of P-TCP-30 (FeMg) in vivo. No pronounced reduction in volume or mass loss was observed suggesting the protective action of the iron-phosphate surface layer.
A New Census of the 0.2< z <3.0 Universe, Part II: The Star-Forming Sequence
Creators: name: Leja, Joel
name: Speagle, Joshua S.
name: Ting, Yuan-Sen
name: Johnson, Benjamin D.
name: Conroy, Charlie
name: Whitaker, Katherine E.
name: Nelson, Erica J.
name: van Dokkum, Pieter
name: Franx, Marijn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the panchromatic SED-fitting code Prospector to measure the galaxy logM$^*$-logSFR relationship (the `star-forming sequence') across $0.2 < z < 3.0$ using the COSMOS-2015 and 3D-HST UV-IR photometric catalogs. We demonstrate that the chosen method of identifying star-forming galaxies introduces a systematic uncertainty in the inferred normalization and width of the star-forming sequence, peaking for massive galaxies at $\sim 0.5$ dex and $\sim0.2$ dex respectively. To avoid this systematic, we instead parameterize the density of the full galaxy population in the logM$^*$-logSFR-redshift plane using a flexible neural network known as a normalizing flow. The resulting star-forming sequence has a low-mass slope near unity and a much flatter slope at higher masses, with a normalization $0.2-0.5$ dex lower than typical inferences in the literature. We show this difference is due to the sophistication of the Prospector stellar populations modeling: the nonparametric star formation histories naturally produce higher masses while the combination of individualized metallicity, dust, and star formation history constraints produce lower star formation rates than typical UV+IR formulae. We introduce a simple formalism to understand the difference between SFRs inferred from spectral energy distribution fitting and standard template-based approaches such as UV+IR SFRs. Finally, we demonstrate the inferred star-forming sequence is consistent with predictions from theoretical models of galaxy formation, resolving a long-standing $\sim0.2-0.5$ dex offset with observations at $0.5
description: Accepted to ApJ. Trained flow available at https://github.com/jrleja/sfs_leja_trained_flow
Intermediate-age Globular Clusters in Four Galaxy Merger Remnants
Creators: name: Trancho, Gelys
name: Miller, Bryan W.
name: Schweizer, Francois
name: Burdett, Daniel P.
name: Palamara, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of combining Hubble Space Telescope optical photometry with ground-based Ks-band photometry from the Gemini imagers NIRI and FLAMINGOS-I to study the globular-cluster populations in four early-type galaxies that are candidate remnants of recent mergers (NGC1700, NGC2865, NGC4382, and NGC7727). These galaxies were chosen based on their blue colors and fine structure, such as shells and ripples that are indicative of past interactions. We fit the combined VIKs globular-cluster data with simple toy models of mixed cluster populations that contain three subpopulations of different age and metallicity. The fits, done via Chi-square mapping of the parameter space, yield clear evidence for the presence of intermediate-age clusters in each galaxy. We find that the ages of 1-2 Gyr for these globular-cluster subpopulations are consistent with the previously estimated merger ages for the host galaxies.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures and 4 tables
PHD3-dependent hydroxylation of HCLK2 promotes the DNA damage response
Creators: name: Fong, Guohua
name: Pi, Xinchun
name: Patterson, Cam
name: Peng, Junmin
name: Xie, Liang
name: Mishra, Ashutosh
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The DNA damage response (DDR) is a complex regulatory network that is critical for maintaining genome integrity. Posttranslational modifications are widely used to ensure strict spatiotemporal control of signal flow, but how the DDR responds to environmental cues, such as changes in ambient oxygen tension, remains poorly understood. We found that an essential component of the ATR/CHK1 signaling pathway, the human homolog of the Caenorhabditis elegans biological clock protein CLK-2 (HCLK2), associated with and was hydroxylated by prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 3 (PHD3). HCLK2 hydroxylation was necessary for its interaction with ATR and the subsequent activation of ATR/CHK1/p53. Inhibiting PHD3, either with the pan-hydroxylase inhibitor dimethyloxaloylglycine (DMOG) or through hypoxia, prevented activation of the ATR/CHK1/p53 pathway and decreased apoptosis induced by DNA damage. Consistent with these observations, we found that mice lacking PHD3 were resistant to the effects of ionizing radiation and had decreased thymic apoptosis, a biomarker of genomic integrity. Our identification of HCLK2 as a substrate of PHD3 reveals the mechanism through which hypoxia inhibits the DDR, suggesting hydroxylation of HCLK2 is a potential therapeutic target for regulating the ATR/CHK1/p53 pathway.
On the multipole mixing ratio of the $1066$ keV transition from the 0.52 $μs$ isomer of $^{180}$Hf
Creators: name: Chalil, A.
name: Mertzimekis, T. J.
name: Zyriliou, A.
name: Vasileiou, P.
name: Florea, N.
name: Mihai, C.
name: Mihai, R.
name: Nita, C.
name: Sotty, C.
name: Mitu, A.
name: Stan, L.
name: Turturica, A.
name: Mărginean, R.
name: Mărginean, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nucleus $^{180}$Hf is one of the most primary of examples of an axially symmetric prolate rotor. Combined with the presence of high-$K$ isomers, spectroscopic studies can provide important information on the nature of its single-particle levels. Precise measurements are essential for constraining nuclear models and interpreting the nature of such isomeric states. In this work, the nucleus $^{180}$Hf was populated using the proton pick-up reaction $^{181}$Ta($^{11}$B,$^{12}$C)$^{180}$Hf at beam energy of 47 MeV at Horia Hulubei National Institute of Nuclear Physics and Engineering (IFIN-HH). The spin of the 1374 keV state and the mixing ratio of the $1066$ keV transition have been measured, the latter with an increased precision compared to the previous value from literature. The presently measured spin of the 1374 keV state, currently assigned a tentative value of $(4^-_1)$, favors one of the two different values reported in the literature. The particular state constitutes the band-head of a rotational band in $^{180}$Hf. The measured multipolarity mixing ratio of the inter-band transition $1374 \rightarrow 309$ keV can provide important information for the testing and constraining of theoretical nuclear models used for the study of the intrinsic properties of $^{180}$Hf as well as its neighboring isotopes.
The Gaia-ESO Survey: Extracting diffuse interstellar bands from cool star spectra, DIB-based interstellar medium line-of-sight structures at the kpc scale
Creators: name: Puspitarini, L.
name: Lallement, R.
name: Babusiaux, C.
name: Chen, H-C.
name: Bonifacio, P.
name: Sbordone, L.
name: Caffau, E.
name: Duffau, S.
name: Hill, V.
name: Monreal-Ibero, A.
name: Royer, F.
name: Arenou, F.
name: R.
name: Peralta, A.
name: Drew, J. E.
name: Bonito, R.
name: Lopez-Santiago, J.
name: Alfaro, E.
name: Bensby, T.
name: Bragaglia, A.
name: Flaccomio, E.
name: Lanzafame, A.
name: Pancino, E.
name: Recio-Blanco, A.
name: Smiljanic, R.
name: Costado, M. T.
name: Lardo, C.
name: de Laverny, P.
name: Zwitter, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) measured toward distance-distributed target stars can be used to locate dense interstellar (IS) clouds in the Galaxy and probe a line-of-sight (LOS) kinematical structure, a potential useful tool when gaseous absorption lines are saturated or not available in the spectral range. Cool target stars are numerous enough for this purpose. We have devised automated DIB fitting methods appropriate to cool star spectra and multiple IS components. The data is fitted with a combination of a synthetic stellar spectrum, a synthetic telluric transmission, and empirical DIB profiles. In parallel, stellar distances and extinctions are estimated self-consistently by means of a 2D Bayesian method, from spectroscopically-derived stellar parameters and photometric data. We have analyzed Gaia-ESO Survey (GES) and previously recorded spectra that probe between $\sim$ 2 and 10 kpc long LOS in five different regions of the Milky Way. Depending on the observed spectral intervals, we extracted one or more of the following DIBs: $λλ$ 6283.8, 6613.6 and 8620.4. For each field, we compared the DIB strengths with the Bayesian distances and extinctions, and the DIB Doppler velocities with the HI emission spectra. For all fields, the DIB strength and the target extinction are well correlated. In case of targets widely distributed in distance, marked steps in DIBs and extinction radial distance profiles match with each other and broadly correspond to the expected locations of spiral arms. For all fields, the DIB velocity structure agrees with HI emission spectra and all detected DIBs correspond to strong NaI lines. This illustrates how DIBs can be used to locate the Galactic interstellar gas and to study its kinematics at the kpc scale.
description: 16 pages, 22 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (63)]
Creators: name: Christoforus
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1424
Subjects: subject: Sonstige weltliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Magister Christoforus de Cremelino aus Civate, Sohn des verstorbenen Magisters Teoldus, wohnhaft an der Porta Ticinese in der Gemeinde St. Victoris ad Puteum in Mailand, verpachtet dem Martinus de Vidalibus, Sohn des verstorbenen Vidalis, wohnhaft in Truccazzano, ein Grundstück mit Viehbestand und ein Stück Weideland, beide gelegen ebendort.
Effect of corn starch on sensory quality, physical quality, and consumer acceptance of gelatin-free pudding products
Creators: name: Krittin Chumkaew
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pudding, Gelatin
Corn starch
Sensory evaluation
Physical quality
Consumer acceptance

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 29, 5, 5 (9 pages)
Evolution of central dark matter of early-type galaxies up to z ~ 0.8
Creators: name: Tortora, C.
name: Napolitano, N. R.
name: Saglia, R. P.
name: Romanowsky, A. J.
name: Covone, G.
name: Capaccioli, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the evolution of dark and luminous matter in the central regions of early-type galaxies (ETGs) up to z ~ 0.8. We use a spectroscopically selected sample of 154 cluster and field galaxies from the EDisCS survey, covering a wide range in redshifts (z ~ 0.4-0.8), stellar masses ($\log M_{\star}/ M_{\odot}$ ~ 10.5-11.5 dex) and velocity dispersions ($σ_{\star}$ ~ 100-300 \, km/s). We obtain central dark matter (DM) fractions by determining the dynamical masses from Jeans modelling of galaxy aperture velocity dispersions and the $M_{\star}$ from galaxy colours, and compare the results with local samples. We discuss how the correlations of central DM with galaxy size (i.e. the effective radius, $R_{\rm e}$), $M_{\star}$ and $σ_{\star}$ evolve as a function of redshift, finding clear indications that local galaxies are, on average, more DM dominated than their counterparts at larger redshift. This DM fraction evolution with $z$ can be only partially interpreted as a consequence of the size-redshift evolution. We discuss our results within galaxy formation scenarios, and conclude that the growth in size and DM content which we measure within the last 7 Gyr is incompatible with passive evolution, while it is well reproduced in the multiple minor merger scenario. We also discuss the impact of the IMF on our DM inferences and argue that this can be non-universal with the lookback time. In particular, we find the Salpeter IMF can be better accommodated by low redshift systems, while producing stellar masses at high-$z$ which are unphysically larger than the estimated dynamical masses (particularly for lower-$σ_{\star}$ systems).
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, MNRAS in press
Using Subobservers to Synthesize Opacity-Enforcing Supervisors
Creators: name: Moulton, Richard Hugh
name: Hamgini, Behnam Behinaein
name: Khouzani, Zahra Abedi
name: Meira-Góes, Rômulo
name: Wang, Fei
name: Rudie, Karen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In discrete-event system control, the worst-case time complexity for computing a system's observer is exponential in the number of that system's states. This results in practical difficulties since some problems require calculating multiple observers for a changing system, e.g., synthesizing an opacity-enforcing supervisor. Although calculating these observers in an iterative manner allows us to synthesize an opacity-enforcing supervisor and although methods have been proposed to reduce the computational demands, room exists for a practical and intuitive solution. Here we extend the subautomaton relationship to the notion of a subobserver and demonstrate its use in reducing the computations required for iterated observer calculations. We then demonstrate the subobserver relationship's power by simplifying state-of-the-art synthesis approaches for opacity-enforcing supervisors under realistic assumptions.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures, to be published in Discrete Event Dynamic Systems
Prognostically relevant gene signatures of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma
Creators: name: Huntsman, David
name: Köbel, Martin
name: Zhang, Hailei
name: Akbani, Rehan
name: Zhang, Nianxiang
name: Hoadley, Katherine A.
name: Hubbard, Diana
name: Fereday, Sian
name: Saksena, Gordon
name: Yang, Ji-Yeon
name: Gomez, Sebastian
name: Defazio, Anna
name: Lawrence, Michael
name: Tamayo, Pablo
name: Kostic, Aleksandar D.
name: Gabriel, Stacey
name: Duraisamy, Sekhar
name: Creighton, Chad J.
name: Cibulskis, Kristian
name: Levanon, Keren
name: Etemadmoghadam, Dariush
name: Zhang, Yiqun
name: Spellman, Paul T.
name: Onofrio, Robert
name: Verhaak, Roel G.W.
name: Carter, Scott L.
name: Mermel, Craig H.
name: Chin, Lynda
name: Sougnez, Carrie
name: Tsherniak, Aviad
name: Kahn, Ari
name: Soslow, Robert A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Because of the high risk of recurrence in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGS-OvCa), the development of outcome predictors could be valuable for patient stratification. Using the catalog of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we developed subtype and survival gene expression signatures, which, when combined, provide a prognostic model of HGS-OvCa classification, named “Classification of Ovarian Cancer” (CLOVAR). We validated CLOVAR on an independent dataset consisting of 879 HGS-OvCa expression profiles. The worst outcome group, accounting for 23% of all cases, was associated with a median survival of 23 months and a platinum resistance rate of 63%, versus a median survival of 46 months and platinum resistance rate of 23% in other cases. Associating the outcome prediction model with BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation status, residual disease after surgery, and disease stage further optimized outcome classification. Ovarian cancer is a disease in urgent need of more effective therapies. The spectrum of outcomes observed here and their association with CLOVAR signatures suggests variations in underlying tumor biology. Prospective validation of the CLOVAR model in the context of additional prognostic variables may provide a rationale for optimal combination of patient and treatment regimens.
Development and study of medical implants made from nanostructured titanium
Creators: name: A. V. Polyakov
name: G. S. Dyakonov
name: I. P. Semenova
name: G. I. Raab
name: L. Dluhos
name: R. Z. Valiev
Publisher: name: Advanced Biomaterials and Devices in Medicine
Year: 2015
Subjects: nanostructured titanium
severe plastic deformation
ECAP-Conform
fatigue strength
dental implants
bone plates
miniimplants

description: Nanostructured Ti with enhanced static and fatigue strengths is a promising material for medical implants. The use of a combined Severe Plastic Deformation (SPD) processing, including the new Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP)-Conform technique, leads to significant strengthening of Grade 4 titanium rods, due to material nanostructuring. The use of nano-titanium rods with enhanced strength and fatigue life enables the fabrication of implants with improved design for dentistry and orthopaedics. Miniaturized dental implants with diameters as small as 2 mm and nano-titanium plates with reduced thickness were manufactured and successfully tested in clinical trials.
SOX2 regulates the hypothalamic-pituitary axis at multiple levels
Creators: name: Martinez-Barbera, Juan P.
name: Andoniadou, Cynthia L.
name: Bouloux, Pierre M.
name: Signore, Massimo
name: Gaston-Massuet, Carles
name: Le Tissier, Paul
name: Jayakody, Sujatha A.
name: Pevny, Larysa H.
name: Cariboni, Anna
name: Dattani, Mehul T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Sex-determining region Y (SRY) box 2 (SOX2) haploinsufficiency causes a form of hypopituitarism in humans that is characterized by gonadotrophin deficiency known as hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism. Here, we conditionally deleted Sox2 in mice to investigate the pathogenesis of hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism. First, we found that absence of SOX2 in the developing Rathke pouch of conditional embryos led to severe anterior lobe hypoplasia with drastically reduced expression of the pituitary-specific transcription factor POU class 1 homeobox 1 (POU1F1) as well as severe disruption of somatotroph and thyrotroph differentiation. In contrast, corticotrophs, rostral-tip POU1F1-independent thyrotrophs, and, interestingly, lactotrophs and gonadotrophs were less affected. Second, we identified a requirement for SOX2 in normal proliferation of periluminal progenitors; in its absence, insufficient precursors were available to produce all cell lineages of the anterior pituitary. Differentiated cells derived from precursors exiting cell cycle at early stages, including corticotrophs, rostral-tip thyrotrophs, and gonadotrophs, were generated, while hormone-producing cells originating from late-born precursors, such as somatotrophs and POU1F1-dependent thyrotrophs, were severely reduced. Finally, we found that 2 previously characterized patients with SOX2 haploinsufficiency and associated hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism had a measurable response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) stimulation, suggesting that it is not the absence of gonadotroph differentiation, but rather the deficient hypothalamic stimulation of gonadotrophs, that underlies typical hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism.
Measurements of inclusive photons at forward rapidities in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s\rm_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV with ALICE
Creators: name: Modak, Abhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present multiplicity and pseudorapidity distributions of inclusive photons at forward rapidity in proton-lead (p-Pb) collisions at $\sqrt{s\rm_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV using the data obtained from Photon Multiplicity Detector (PMD) of ALICE. The centrality dependence of pseudorapidity distributions of inclusive photons is also studied. Results are compared with the previous ALICE measurements of charged-particle production and with theoretical predictions from Monte Carlo models, DPMJET and HIJING.
description: Proceedings of The Ninth Annual Conference on Large Hadron Collider Physics - LHCP2021 conference, Date: 7-12 June 2021
Targeting Chk1 in p53-deficient triple-negative breast cancer is therapeutically beneficial in human-in-mouse tumor models
Creators: name: Lin, Li
name: Ryan, Christine E.
name: Prat, Aleix
name: Guo, Zhanfang
name: Ellis, Matthew J.
name: Schaiff, W. Timothy
name: Ma, Cynthia X.
name: Piwnica-Worms, Helen
name: Li, Shunqiang
name: Aft, Rebecca L.
name: Hoog, Jeremy
name: Goiffon, Reece J.
name: Cai, Shirong
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) — defined by lack of estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor expression as well as lack of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplification — have a poor prognosis. There is a need for targeted therapies to treat this condition. TNBCs frequently harbor mutations in TP53, resulting in loss of the G1 checkpoint and reliance on checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1) to arrest cells in response to DNA damage. Previous studies have shown that inhibition of Chk1 in a p53-deficient background in response to DNA damage. We therefore tested whether inhibition of Chk1 could potentiate the cytotoxicity of the DNA damaging agent irinotecan in TNBC using xenotransplant tumor models. Tumor specimens from patients with TNBC were engrafted into humanized mammary fat pads of immunodeficient mice to create 3 independent human-in-mouse TNBC lines: 1 WT (WU-BC3) and 2 mutant for TP53 (WU-BC4 and WU-BC5). These lines were tested for their response to irinotecan and a Chk1 inhibitor (either UCN-01 or AZD7762), either as single agents or in combination. The combination therapy induced checkpoint bypass and apoptosis in WU-BC4 and WU-BC5, but not WU-BC3, tumors. Moreover, combination therapy inhibited tumor growth and prolonged survival of mice bearing the WU-BC4 line, but not the WU-BC3 line. In addition, knockdown of p53 sensitized WU-BC3 tumors to the combination therapy. These results demonstrate that p53 is a major determinant of how TNBCs respond to therapies that combine DNA damage with Chk1 inhibition.
A new method for a lattice calculation of $η_c \rightarrow 2γ$
Creators: name: Meng, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a direct method to calculate the decay width of a hadron decaying to two photons, which is conventionally obtained by an extrapolation for various off-shell form factors. The new method provides an simple way to examine the finite-volune effects. As an example, we apply the method to $η_c\rightarrow 2γ$. Using three $N_f=2$ twisted-mass gauge ensembles with different lattice spacings, we obtain the final decay width $Γ_{η_cγγ}=6.57(15)_{\textrm{stat}}(8)_{\textrm{syst}}$ keV, where the systematic error accounts for the fine-tuning of the charm quark mass. This method can also be applied for other processes which involve the leptonic or radiative particles in the final states.
description: The 38th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, LATTICE2021 26th-30th July, 2021 Zoom/Gather@Massachusetts Institute of Technology. New submission with references added