cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Correlation of $γ$-ray and high-energy cosmic ray fluxes from the giant lobes of Centaurus A
Creators: name: Fraija, Nissim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectral energy distribution of giant lobes shows one main peak detected by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe at low energy of $10^{-5}$ eV and a faint $γ$-ray flux imaged by Fermi Large Area Telescope at energy $\geq$ 100 MeV. On the other hand, Pierre Auger Observatory associated some ultra-high-energy cosmic rays with the direction of Centaurus A and IceCube reported 28 neutrino-induced events in a TeV - PeV energy range, although none of them related with this direction. In this work we describe the spectra for each of the lobes, the main peak with synchrotron radiation, and the high-energy emission with $pp$ interactions. Obtaining a good description of the main peak, we deduce the magnetic fields, electron densities and the age of the lobes. Describing successfully the $γ$-ray emission by pp interactions and considering as targets those thermal particles in the lobes with density in the range $10^{-10}$ to $10^{-4}\, {\rm cm}^{-3}$, we calculate the number of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. Although $γ$-spectrum is well described with any density in the range, only when $10^{-4}\, {\rm cm}^{-3}$ is considered, the expected number of events is very similar to that observed by Pierre Auger Observatory, otherwise we obtain an excessive luminosity. In addition, correlating the $γ$-ray and neutrino fluxes through pp interactions we calculate the number of high-energy neutrinos expected in IceCube. Our analysis indicates that neutrinos above 1 TeV cannot be produced in the lobes of Centaurus A, which is consistent with the results recently published by IceCube Collaboration.
description: ApJ, accepted
New type of microengine using internal combustion of hydrogen and oxygen
Creators: name: Svetovoy, Vitaly B.
name: Sanders, Remco G. P.
name: Ma, Kechun
name: Elwenspoek, Miko C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microsystems become part of everyday life but their application is restricted by lack of strong and fast motors (actuators) converting energy into motion. For example, widespread internal combustion engines cannot be scaled down because combustion reactions are quenched in a small space. Here we present an actuator with the dimensions 100x100x5 um^3 that is using internal combustion of hydrogen and oxygen as part of its working cycle. Water electrolysis driven by short voltage pulses creates an extra pressure of 0.5-4 bar for a time of 100-400 us in a chamber closed by a flexible membrane. When the pulses are switched off this pressure is released even faster allowing production of mechanical work in short cycles. We provide arguments that this unexpectedly fast pressure decrease is due to spontaneous combustion of the gases in the chamber. This actuator is the first step to truly microscopic combustion engines.
description: Paper and Supplementary Information (to appear in Scientific Reports)
The Fine Structure of the Phonon in One Dimension from Quantum Hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Price, Tom
name: Lamacraft, Austen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the resonant interactions between phonons in one dimension may be treated consistently within Quantum Hydrodynamics by the introduction of phonon dispersion. In this way the physics of a nonlinear Luttinger liquid may be described in terms of hydrodynamic (i.e. bosonized) variables without recourse to refermionization or the introduction of fictitious impurities. We focus on the calculation of the dynamic structure factor for a model with quadratic dispersion, which has the Benjamin--Ono equation of fluid dynamics as its equation of motion. We find singular behavior in the vicinity of upper and lower energetic thresholds corresponding to phonon and soliton branches of the classical theory, which may be benchmarked against known results for the Calogero--Sutherland model.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Hub Location Problem For Optimal Vertiport Selection In Urban Air Mobility- Chicago Case Study
Creators: name: Villa, Alessandro
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The research topic addressed by this work is UAM. In recent years, several improvements and big attention have been focused on this industry, claiming that the concept of shifting the mobility from traditional ground transportation towards the low-altitudes airways will disrupt the business and will help society both to solve the astonishingly increasing traffic congestion issue, and to shift to an environmentally sustainable solution. In particular, the research question of this work aims at solving the problem of the optimal location for the so called “vertiports”, namely the infrastructure needed to be designed and built in the urban environment. The problem is to find an effective way to easily obtain a starting point to work on, when dealing with this topic. Exploiting the HLP optimization problem as a reference approach, the goal has been to adapt HLP to the specific UAM service, refining the mathematical structure behind. The work will be structured like this: after an initial introduction in Chapter 1 of what UAM is, how is the current state of the art regarding aircraft, technologies and architectural design, the focus will go on the specific HLP problem and how it can be designed for a specific service, namely, an Airport Shuttling Service in the city of Chicago. In fact, based on existing literature, from Chapter 2 on the Methodology will be explained in detail, showing results and how the initial model has been improved and refined. Different comparisons and results will be showed then in Chapter 5, focusing on how the model works and change in different situations considered
A reverse Holder inequality for extremal Sobolev functions
Creators: name: Carroll, Tom
name: Ratzkin, Jesse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J10

description: Let $n \geq 2$, let $Ω\subset \mathbf{R}^n$ be a bounded domain with smooth boundary, and let $1 \leq p \leq 2$. We prove a reverse-Holder inequality for functions $u$ realizing the best constant in the Sobolev inequality, that is $$\mathcal{C}_p(Ω) = \inf \left \{ \frac{\int_Ω|\nabla v|^2}{\left ( \int_Ω|v|^p \right )^{2/p}} \right \} = \frac{\int_Ω|\nabla u|^2}{\left ( \int_Ω|u|^p \right )^{2/p}}.$$ Our inequality has the form $\| u \|_{L^p} \geq K \| u \|_{L^q}$ for any $q > p$, where $K$ depends only on $n$, $p$, $q$, and $\mathcal{C}_p(Ω)$. This result generalizes work of Chiti, regarding the first Dirichlet eigenfunction of the Laplacian, and of van den Berg, regarding the torsion function.
description: 10 pages
Body Composition and Biomarkers to Explore Disparities in Sarcopenia and Inflammation of Lung Cancer
Creators: name: Byrne, Cecily
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In Cook County, IL, Non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB) and individuals of low socioeconomic status (SES) have higher lung cancer mortality compared with Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) and those of high SES. Sarcopenia, or low muscle strength and quantity or quality, and inflammation are each independent predictors of mortality in lung cancer. It is unknown if sarcopenia and/or inflammation may be contributing to these racial and SES disparities. The purpose of this study was to assess skeletal muscle quantity through the skeletal mass index (SMI) and sarcopenia prevalence using fully automated body composition analysis, as well as to assess inflammation through the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), in individuals with lung cancer. We aimed to determine differences by race and neighborhood SES. A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted (n=263) to include an approximate equal number of NHB and NHW by sex diagnosed with lung cancer with a residential address in IL. A sub-set was used to validate agreement of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue measurements between fully automated body composition analysis and a reference program. Electronic medical records were reviewed, and demographic and clinical information was collected relative to cancer diagnosis date. Computerized tomography scans were analyzed to obtain SMI. Sarcopenia prevalence was determined using various published criteria, while the degree and prevalence of inflammation were assessed via NLR as a continuous and a categorical variable. Fully automated body composition analysis produced skeletal muscle and adipose tissue measurements that were in excellent agreement with the reference program. There were no significant differences in either SMI or sarcopenia prevalence by race or neighborhood SES. The prevalence of sarcopenia in lung cancer varied greatly depending on the methodology used, including the choice of vertebral landmark and the criteria used. The degree and prevalence of inflammation at lung cancer diagnosis were significantly lower in NHB compared to NHW, and prevalence was significantly lower in those from the most disadvantaged compared to those from the least disadvantaged neighborhoods. Further research is needed to identify sarcopenia and inflammation in diverse populations and determine whether these two conditions are contributing to racial and SES disparities in lung cancer mortality.
ОБЗОР РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ В ОРЕНБУРГСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Creators: name: КРУТАЛЕВИЧ МАРИНА ГЕННАДЬЕВНА
Publisher: name: Московский экономический журнал
Year: 2020
Subjects: ГОСУДАРСТВЕННАЯ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ПОЛИТИКА
РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОЕКТЫ
ПЕРЕРАБОТКА ТВЕРДЫХ КОММУНАЛЬНЫХ ОТХОДОВ (ТКО)
ОБРАЩЕНИЕ С БЫТОВЫМИ ОТХОДАМИ
STATE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
REGIONAL PROJECTS
SOLID MUNICIPAL WASTE (MSW) PROCESSING
HOUSEHOLD WASTE MANAGEMENT

description: Пристальный интерес общественности к разрешению экологических проблем и предотвращению серьезных природных катаклизмов обусловлен ухудшением экологической обстановки как в Российской Федерации в целом, так и на территории Оренбургской области, в частности. Автором проводится обзор реализации экологической политики в Оренбургской области.
ОЦЕНКА ОТЕПЛЯЮЩЕГО ВЛИЯНИЯ БАРЕНЦЕВА МОРЯ НА ТЕМПЕРАТУРУ ВОЗДУХА ПО МЕРЕ УДАЛЕНИЯ ОТ ПОБЕРЕЖЬЯ
Creators: name: КУЗНЕЦОВА М.О.
Publisher: name: Московский экономический журнал
Year: 2020
Subjects: КОЛЬСКИЙ ЗАЛИВ
ТЕРМИЧЕСКИЙ РЕЖИМ
ОТЕПЛЯЮЩЕЕ ВЛИЯНИЕ
БАРЕНЦЕВО МОРЕ
KOLA BAY
THERMAL REGIME
WARMING EFFECT
BARENTS SEA

description: Обработаны и проанализированы данные температуры, полученные из оперативных данных метеорологических измерений на гидрометеорологических станциях. Дана количественная оценка влияния Баренцева моря на температуру воздуха, обусловленная различным удалением от побережья.
An Observational Perspective of Transitional Disks
Creators: name: Espaillat, Catherine
name: Muzerolle, James
name: Najita, Joan
name: Andrews, Sean
name: Zhu, Zhaohuan
name: Calvet, Nuria
name: Kraus, Stefan
name: Hashimoto, Jun
name: Kraus, Adam
name: D'Alessio, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transitional disks are objects whose inner disk regions have undergone substantial clearing. The Spitzer Space Telescope produced detailed spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of transitional disks that allowed us to infer their radial dust disk structure in some detail, revealing the diversity of this class of disks. The growing sample of transitional disks also opened up the possibility of demographic studies, which provided unique insights. There now exist (sub)millimeter and infrared images that confirm the presence of large clearings of dust in transitional disks. In addition, protoplanet candidates have been detected within some of these clearings. Transitional disks are thought to be a strong link to planet formation around young stars and are a key area to study if further progress is to be made on understanding the initial stages of planet formation. Here we provide a review and synthesis of transitional disk observations to date with the aim of providing timely direction to the field, which is about to undergo its next burst of growth as ALMA reaches its full potential. We discuss what we have learned about transitional disks from SEDs, color-color diagrams, and imaging in the (sub)mm and infrared. We then distill the observations into constraints for the main disk clearing mechanisms proposed to date (i.e., photoevaporation, grain growth, and companions) and explore how the expected observational signatures from these mechanisms, particularly planet-induced disk clearing, compare to actual observations. Lastly, we discuss future avenues of inquiry to be pursued with ALMA, JWST, and next generation of ground-based telescopes.
description: 24 pages, 13 figures, Accepted for publication as a chapter in Protostars and Planets VI, University of Arizona Press (2014), eds. H. Beuther, R. Klessen, C. Dullemond, Th. Henning
Patterns of Electro-magnetic Response in Topological Semi-metals
Creators: name: Ramamurthy, Srinidhi T.
name: Hughes, Taylor L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological semimetals are gapless states of matter which have robust and unique electromagnetic responses and surface states. In this paper, we consider semimetals which have point like Fermi surfaces in various spatial dimensions $D=1,2,3$ which naturally occur in the transition between a weak topological insulator and a trivial insulating phase. These semimetals include those of Dirac and Weyl type. We construct these phases by layering strong topological insulator phases in one dimension lower. This perspective helps us understand their effective response field theory that is generally characterized by a 1-form $b$ which represents a source of Lorentz violation and can be read off from the location of the nodes in momentum space and the helicities/chiralities of the nodes. We derive effective response actions for the 2D and 3D Dirac semi-metals, and extensively discuss the response of the Weyl semimetal. We also show how our work can be used to describe semi-metals with Fermi-surfaces with lower co-dimension as well as to describe the topological response of 3D topological crystalline insulators.
description: 42 pages, 19 figures
ЭКОЛОГО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ РЕГИОНОВ ТИХООКЕАНСКОЙ РОССИИ
Creators: name: СТЕПАНЬКО Н.Г.
Publisher: name: Московский экономический журнал
Year: 2020
Subjects: ТИХООКЕАНСКАЯ РОССИЯ
ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНО-ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫЕ СИСТЕМЫ
СТРУКТУРА ПРИРОДОПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ
ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ
ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННО-ПРИРОДНЫЕ ОТНОШЕНИЯ
ИНДЕКС ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ДОСТАТОЧНОСТИ
PACIFIC RUSSIA
TERRITORIAL-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS
NATURE MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE
ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS
INDUSTRIAL-NATURAL RELATIONS
ECONOMIC SUFFICIENCY INDEX

description: Экономика и экология, являясь одними из основных составляющих сложной территориально-хозяйственной системы, отличаются тесной взаимозависимостью и взаимообусловленностью. Изменения в экономике влекут за собой трансформационные процессы в природопользовании и изменения экологического состояния. И в зависимости от того, насколько эти составляющие и их связи будут сбалансированы, будут зависеть дальнейшее социально-экономическое развитие территории и условия жизнедеятельности населения. В работе представлена и проанализирована эколого-экономическая ситуация в регионах, входящих в состав Тихоокеанской России, выявлены основные факторы, формирующие экологическую ситуацию в них. На их основе определены и проанализированы трансформационные процессы в производственно-природных отношениях, которые и являются сутью природопользования, предложен и рассчитан индекс экономической достаточности природоохранной деятельности. Проведенный анализ, расчеты и выводы являются необходимой составляющей при рассмотрении и выборе перспектив развития любого региона с точки зрения эколого-экономической сбалансированности, тем более для такого значимого как Тихоокеанская Россия.
Quantum Ensemble Classification: A Sampling-based Learning Control Approach
Creators: name: Chen, Chunlin
name: Dong, Daoyi
name: Qi, Bo
name: Petersen, Ian R.
name: Rabitz, Herschel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Quantum ensemble classification has significant applications in discrimination of atoms (or molecules), separation of isotopic molecules and quantum information extraction. However, quantum mechanics forbids deterministic discrimination among nonorthogonal states. The classification of inhomogeneous quantum ensembles is very challenging since there exist variations in the parameters characterizing the members within different classes. In this paper, we recast quantum ensemble classification as a supervised quantum learning problem. A systematic classification methodology is presented by using a sampling-based learning control (SLC) approach for quantum discrimination. The classification task is accomplished via simultaneously steering members belonging to different classes to their corresponding target states (e.g., mutually orthogonal states). Firstly a new discrimination method is proposed for two similar quantum systems. Then an SLC method is presented for quantum ensemble classification. Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for the binary classification of two-level quantum ensembles and the multiclass classification of multilevel quantum ensembles.
description: 32 pages, 15 figures, 2 tables
Cambridge University Botanic Garden Living Collections Strategy
Creators: name: Brockington, Samuel
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019

description: Cambridge University Botanic Garden (CUBG) maintains a remarkable range of living plant diversity within a nexus of departments and institutions, hosting one of the largest concentrations of plant scientists anywhere in the world. Central to our success is the recognition that our Living Collections support world-class education, learning and research, and in doing so, help to solve some of society’s most pressing concerns. In support of these fundamental objectives, we have developed our Living Collections Strategy – a blueprint which will ensure stronger alignment of our garden with Cambridge University’s pursuit of education, learning and research at the highest levels of international excellence.
МОЖЕТ ЛИ НАЛОГ СУЩЕСТВОВАТЬ ВНЕ ПРАВА?
Creators: name: НЕМЕНОВА ДАРЬЯ ЛЬВОВНА
name: БУГРОВА СВЕТЛАНА СЕРГЕЕВНА
Publisher: name: Московский экономический журнал
Year: 2020
Subjects: НАЛОГ
ПРАВО
ЭКОНОМИКА
РАЗВИТИЕ
РЕТРОСПЕКТИВА
ИСТОРИЯ
РЕФОРМЫ
НАЛОГОВАЯ РЕФОРМА
TAX
LAW
ECONOMY
DEVELOPMENT
RETROSPECTIVE
HISTORY
REFORMS
TAX REFORM

description: В настоящей статье исследуются возникновение налога, налогообложения и налоговой системы в России, а также его дальнейшее развитие. Для целей глубокого изучение самого налога и его места в современной системе права и в экономике используется ретроспективный взгляд. Благодаря этому рассматривается исторический аспект налога, налогообложения и налоговой системы. Таким образом в статье рассматривается развитие налога от его возникновения до сегодняшних дней. Рассмотренная экономическая составляющая налога и его важность облекается в форму закона, что даёт взглянуть на его сущность, закреплённую законом. Именно подход к рассмотрению налога с двух точек зрения экономической и юридической позволяет понять, что такое сам по себе налог и его место и роль для государства. При изучении налога именно с экономической и юридической даётся более полное представление о налоге. Таким образом, изучив сам налог, делается вывод о его месте и важности закрепления в системе права нашей страны
Stellar parameters and accretion rate of the transition disk star HD 142527 from X-Shooter
Creators: name: Mendigutía, I.
name: Fairlamb, J.
name: Montesinos, B.
name: Oudmaijer, R. D.
name: Najita, J. R.
name: Brittain, S. D.
name: Ancker, M. E. van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HD 142527 is a young pre-main sequence star with properties indicative of the presence of a giant planet or/and a low-mass stellar companion. We have analyzed an X-Shooter/Very Large Telescope spectrum to provide accurate stellar parameters and accretion rate. The analysis of the spectrum, together with constraints provided by the SED fitting, the distance to the star (140 +- 20 pc) and the use of evolutionary tracks and isochrones, lead to the following set of parameters T_eff = 6550 +- 100 K, log g = 3.75 +- 0.10, L_*/L_sun = 16.3 +- 4.5, M_*/M_sun = 2.0 +- 0.3 and an age of 5.0 +- 1.5 Myr. This stellar age provides further constrains to the mass of the possible companion estimated by Biller et al. (2012), being in-between 0.20 and 0.35 M_sun. Stellar accretion rates obtained from UV Balmer excess modelling, optical photospheric line veiling, and from the correlations with several emission lines spanning from the UV to the near-IR, are consistent to each other. The mean value from all previous tracers is 2 (+- 1) x 10^-7 M_sun yr^-1, which is within the upper limit gas flow rate from the outer to the inner disk recently provided by Cassasus et al. (2013). This suggests that almost all gas transferred between both components of the disk is not trapped by the possible planet(s) in-between but fall onto the central star, although it is discussed how the gap flow rate could be larger than previously suggested. In addition, we provide evidence showing that the stellar accretion rate of HD 142527 has increased by a factor ~ 7 on a timescale of 2-5 years.
description: Accepted in ApJ. 8 pages, 7 figures
Meristhus (Sulcimerus) crenulatus Vats and Kashyap 1996
Creators: name: Kotru, Akash
name: Chandran, Nithya
name: Dubey, Anil Kumar
name: Prosvirov, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Elateridae
Meristhus
Meristhus crenulatus

description: Meristhus (Sulcimerus) crenulatus Vats and Kashyap, 1996
Meristhus (Sulcimerus) crenulatus Vats and Kashyap, 1996: 71.
Type depository. Type not deposited in NPC-IARI.
Type locality. Uttar Pradesh (Etah).
Distribution. India: Uttar Pradesh.
Literature. Vats and Kashyap (1996: 71): original description.
description: Published as part of Kotru, Akash, Chandran, Nithya, Dubey, Anil Kumar & Prosvirov, Alexander S., 2025, A catalogue of Indian Agrypninae Candèze, 1857 (Coleoptera: Elateridae), pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 5614 (1) on pages 33-34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5614.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/15217075
Novel and Efficient Execution Models using Automatic Program Transformation
Creators: name: Basu, Nilanjana
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Classical process execution models are successful but performance-wise can be highly inefficient under some common circumstances. New execution models such as kernel bypass techniques have been proposed to solve this problem. However, some of these models tend to trade off wasted CPU cycles for better performance and generally come at the cost of considerable programming effort for re-designing the application. In our work, we propose novel and efficient execution models to achieve better application performance with high CPU utilization that can be applied automatically with little or no extra programming effort. We present two new execution models: (a) Compiler Interrupts (CI) for replacing busy polling threads with frequent interrupt-based polling in order to perform meaningful work in between, and (b) Compound Processes (CP) for loading mutually trusting and frequently interacting co-located applications in the same address space in order to bypass the expensive kernel-mediated communication by using shared address-space communication instead. We evaluate CI and CP on a variety of micro-benchmarks, where they demonstrate compelling qualitative and quantitative improvements over the current state of the art. On three micro-benchmark suites of Parsec, Phoenix & Splash2, CI shows a median overhead of 4% vs. 800% for hardware interrupts. CP, on the other hand, shows a speedup of ≈20× for socket-based bidirectional communication and ≈5× for pipe-based unidirectional communication between loaded programs. CI is also evaluated on three systems-level applications, of which CI-based mTCP application achieves ≈2× stock mTCP throughput on a sample HTTP application.
Smeared Field Description of Free Electromagnetic Field
Creators: name: Przeszowski, Jerzy A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Free electromagnetic fields, satisfying Maxwell's equations with no charges and electric currents, can be described by complex vector fields. In the standard formulation with fields sharply dependent on position and time, one obtains integrals that are mathematically ill-defined. This happens for the massless Pauli--Jordan function, which is used to describe the time evolution of fields and appears in the Poisson brackets for classical fields. This difficulty can be solved by introducing smeared fields as linear functionals with test functions. In this way, the massless Pauli--Jordan function becomes a~tempered distribution, allowing a mathematically rigorous analysis.
description: This article belongs to the special issue of Acta Physica Polonica A printed in honor of Professor Iwo Bialynicki-Birula on the occasion of his 90th birthday (Ed. Tomasz Sowinski, DOI:10.12693/APhysPolA.143.S0)
title: Диффузное аксональное повреждение
Creators: name: Ходченкова, В.
name: Барскова, А.
name: Харламова, А.
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: Диффузное аксональное повреждение (ДАП) головного мозга – это распространенные повреждения аксонов вследствие его травмы, сочетающиеся с мелкоочаговыми геморрагиями. Нервное волокно менее устойчиво к травме, чем сосуды. Изучая клинические проявления, морфологическую картину, данные гистологического исследования, можно проследить переживаемость травмы в каждом конкретном случае ДАП.
title: Association analysis of genomic sequences
Creators: name: Alshammari, Abdulrahman Obaid
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2024

description: Studying genetic variations can help improve understanding of cancer aetiology and provide scientists with inspirational perspectives of tumour cells growth. So�matic mutations play a significant role in the development of cancer. Therefore, substantial effort has been expanded in order to identify somatic mutations. In light of this, in this research, we develop a novel method for detecting the impact of somatic mutations by matching tumour and normal sequences taken from an in�dividual based on the score test and implementing the generalised higher criticism (GHC) test correction. The proposed score test is appraised and compared to the binomial exact test by utilising simulations. Results of a wide range of simulations show that our method controls type I error and is more effective than the binomial exact test. Another way we propose with regard to association analysis of somatic mutations is to account for the uncertainty of discovering mutations. Since standard association methods do not take into account possible calling errors for somatic mutations, they are limited in their suitability for investigating functional consequences of such mutations. A recent somatic mutation association test with measurement errors (SAME) that addresses this issue via the likelihood ratio test has shown that taking account of uncertainty in somatic mutation calling improves power for detecting an association. In the spirit of SAME, the proposed score test procedure in this thesis models actual somatic mutation as an unobservable variable and uses read-depth to increase the mutation calls. The score test is computationally efficient as only optimisation under the null model is required for each genetic variant. Additionally, the risk of non-convergence of optimisation routines is re�duced. These computational advantages are particularly beneficial in genomewide settings. The score test is evaluated using simulations. Results of extensive evalua�tions and comparisons with the SAME procedure and GLM that does not consider mutation calling errors reveal that our proposed approach preserves type I error and is more efficient than the SAME and GLM methods.
ИНКОРПОРИРОВАНИЕ МАЛОГО ИННОВАЦИОННОГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА В ВЫСОКОТЕХНОЛОГИЧНОЕ ПРОИЗВОДСТВО
Creators: name: СЫТЕНКО ИЛЬЯ СЕРГЕЕВИЧ
name: ПЕРЕЖОГИН АНДРЕЙ ЕВГЕНЬЕВИЧ
Publisher: name: Московский экономический журнал
Year: 2020
Subjects: РАЗВИТИЕ ЭКОНОМИКИ
ИННОВАЦИИ
ИНВЕСТИЦИИ
ВЫСОКОТЕХНОЛОГИЧНЫЕ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА
УРОВЕНЬ ЖИЗНИ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ
ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННЫЕ ЦЕПОЧКИ
ИНКОРПОРИРОВАНИЕ
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
INNOVATION
INVESTMENT
HIGH-TECH PRODUCTION
LIVING STANDARDS
PRODUCTION CHAINS
INCORPORATION

description: Развитие экономики РФ в настоящее время возможно только в инновационном формате. Прежде всего, это связано с необходимостью преодоления зависимости от поставок сырья на мировые рынки. Так цены на сырье достаточно волатильны, что не позволяет поддерживать стабильный бюджет, в связи с проседанием мировых цен на углеводороды и обеспечить достойный уровень жизни населения. В то время как товары высокотехнологичных отраслей с высокой прибавочной стоимостью, не зависят от мировых цен на минерально-сырьевые ресурсы и позволяют наполнять бюджеты всех уровней стабильными финансовыми потоками, что позволяет в свою очередь, обеспечивать высокий уровень жизни населения. В настоящей статье, автором проведен критический анализ инкорпорирования малого инновационного предпринимательства в высокотехнологичное производство. Ведь, как известно, высокотехнологичные производства включают в себя широкие производственные цепочки, в которых представлены предприятия различного масштаба деятельности.
Curatr: A Platform for Semantic Analysis and Curation of Historical Literary Texts
Creators: name: Leavy, Susan
name: Meaney, Gerardine
name: Wade, Karen
name: Greene, Derek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The increasing availability of digital collections of historical and contemporary literature presents a wealth of possibilities for new research in the humanities. The scale and diversity of such collections however, presents particular challenges in identifying and extracting relevant content. This paper presents Curatr, an online platform for the exploration and curation of literature with machine learning-supported semantic search, designed within the context of digital humanities scholarship. The platform provides a text mining workflow that combines neural word embeddings with expert domain knowledge to enable the generation of thematic lexicons, allowing researches to curate relevant sub-corpora from a large corpus of 18th and 19th century digitised texts.
description: 12 pages
Data from: Hemin treatment drives viral reactivation and plasma cell differentiation of EBV latently infected B cells
Creators: name: Burnet, Anna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Epstein Barr Virus
EBV
Malaria
burkitt lymphoma
herpesvirus
reactivation

description: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Plasmodium falciparum have a well described role in the development of endemic Burkitt lymphoma (BL), yet the mechanisms involved remain unknown. A major hallmark of malarial disease is hemolysis and bystander eryptosis of red blood cells, which causes release of free heme in large quantities into peripheral blood. We hypothesized that heme released during malaria infection drives differentiation of latently infected EBV-positive B cells, resulting in viral reactivation and release of infectious virus. To test this hypothesis, we used the EBV-positive Mutu I B-cell line and treated with hemin (the oxidized form of heme) and evaluated for evidence of EBV reactivation­. Hemin treatment resulted in the expression of EBV immediate early, early and late lytic gene transcripts. In addition, expression of CD138, a marker of plasma cells was co-expressed with the late lytic protein gp350 on hemin treated Mutu I cells. Finally, DNase-resistant EBV DNA indicative of virion production was detected in supernatant. To assess the transcriptional changes induced by hemin treatment, RNA sequencing was performed on mock- and hemin-treated Mutu I cells, and a shift from mature B cell transcripts to plasma cell transcripts was identified. To identify the mechanism of hemin-induced B cell differentiation, we measured levels of the plasma cell transcriptional repressor, BACH2, that contains specific heme binding sites. Hemin treatment caused significant degradation of BACH2 by 24 hours post-treatment in four BL cell lines (two EBV positive, two EBV negative). Knockdown of BACH2 in Mutu I cells using siRNAs significantly increased CD138+gp350+ cells to levels similar to treatment with hemin. This suggested that hemin induced BACH2 degradation was responsible for plasma cell differentiation and viral reactivation. Together, these data support a model where EBV reactivation can occur during malaria infection via heme modulation, providing a mechanistic link between malaria and EBV.
description: Applications that are needed to access the data files: Flow Jo, PowerPoint and GraphPad Prism.Funding provided by: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000060
Award Number:
description: This data was collected using the following methods: western blot, flow cytometry, total RNA sequencing, RT-qPCR, and DNA sequencing.
ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ФОРМИРОВАНИЮ МЕХАНИЗМА РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РОСТА
Creators: name: ЧЖАН ВЭНЬ
Publisher: name: Московский экономический журнал
Year: 2020
Subjects: ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ РОСТ
ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЕ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ
РЫНОЧНОЕ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЕ
ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЙ МЕХАНИЗМ
ECONOMIC GROWTH
STATE REGULATION
MARKET REGULATION
ECONOMIC MECHANISM

description: В статье рассмотрены основные теоретические подходы зарубежных и российских ученых к проблеме определения механизмов регулирования экономического роста в стране. Показаны особенности научных взглядов представителей классической и кейнсианской теории государственного регулирования экономики. Дана характеристика известным представителям науки, развивающим теорию экономического роста. Представлен вывод о доминирующем положении взглядов на государственный характер механизма регулирования экономического роста.
Coexistence of bunching and meandering instability in simulated growth of 4H-SiC(0001) surface
Creators: name: Krzyzewski, Filip
name: Zaluska-Kotur, Magdalena A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bunching and meandering instability of steps at the 4H-SiC(0001) surface is studied by the kinetic Monte Carlo simulation method. Change in the character of step instability is analyzed for different rates of particle jumps towards step. In the experiment effective value of jump rates can be controlled by impurities or other growth conditions. An anisotropy of jump barriers at the step influences the character of surface structure formed in the process of crystal growth. Depending on the growth parameters different surface patterns are found. We show phase diagrams of surface patterns as a function of temperature and crystal growth rate for two different choices of step kinetics anisotropy. Jump rates which effectively model high inverse Schwoebel barrier (ISB) at steps lead either to regular, four-multistep or bunched structure. For weak anisotropy at higher temperatures or for lower crystal growth rates meanders and mounds are formed, but on coming towards lower temperatures and higher rates we observe bunch and meander coexistence. These results show that interplay between simple dynamical mechanisms induced by the asymmetry of the step kinetics and step movement assisted by the step edge diffusion are responsible for different types of surface morphology.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures
ГЛОБАЛИЗАЦИЯ И АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ
Creators: name: КОКОРЕВ АЛЕКСАНДР СЕРГЕЕВИЧ
Publisher: name: Московский экономический журнал
Year: 2020
Subjects: РЕГИОНАЛЬНАЯ ПОЛИТИКА
ГЛОБАЛЬНЫЕ ТРЕНДЫ
РЕГИОНАЛИЗАЦИЯ
ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНАЯ СТРУКТУРА ЭКОНОМИКИ
REGIONAL POLICY
GLOBAL TRENDS
REGIONALIZATION
TERRITORIAL STRUCTURE OF THE ECONOMY

description: Актуальность статьи обусловлена тем, что в современной ситуации успешная региональная экономическая политика и, соответственно, стратегическое развитие регионов основываются не столько на традиционном управлении доступными ресурсами, сколько на управлении возможностями и средой, а также на использовании составляющих «новой информационной экономики» и механизмов, стимулирующих формирование новых рынков и локализацию бизнеса. В статье обосновано, что особенности преобразований в регулировании стратегического развития региона тесно связано с глобальными трендами и экономическими закономерностями, которые всегда имеют свои проявления на региональном уровне.
Amplified Imagery: Trustworthy Projections of the Goddess from the Shree Mahalaxmi Darśan Livestream
Creators: name: Rahn, Usha L
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis focuses on the darśan livestream provided by the Shree Mahalaxmi temple of Kolhapur within their temple website as a piece of media that allows the viewer to access the goddess and take darśan regardless of proximity to her temple. The key characteristics of this livestream is its near-constant availability, its residence within the publicly accessible space of the internet, and its refusal to prescribe ritual behavior beyond darśan. I see the combination of these qualities as unique to this format of livestream and as particularly useful for devotees or members of Kolhapur’s diaspora seeking connection to the goddess. The first half of this thesis focuses on the livestream’s relationship to the physical temple that hosts it. In order to understand how the livestream functions as a resource for ritual practice that is seemingly detached from yet tethered to the physical temple, I argue that the virtual space of the website and livestream center the significance of the physical temple while providing a novel view of the goddess’s icon. This novel view prevents the livestream from merely mimicking the act of visiting the temple and serves as a pathway for connection to the divine that undermines the limitations of time and distance between the viewer and the goddess. In the second half of this thesis, I compare the livestream to three examples of publicly accessible sacred places commonly found in Maharashtra: the wayside shrine, the contemporary monumental sculpture, and the mythological film. Through comparison with these similarly public spaces for darśan, I tease out the characteristics of the temple livestream that make it uniquely suited for use by devotees wishing to spend more time with Mahalaxmi.
МЕХАНИЗМ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ФИНАНСОВЫМ СОСТОЯНИЕМ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ РЕГИОНА В УСЛОВИЯХ КРИЗИСА
Creators: name: ТАРАНОВА ИРИНА ВИКТОРОВНА
name: ШАВРИНА ЮЛИЯ ОЛЕГОВНА
name: СЫРОВАТСКАЯ ВАЛЕНТИНА ИВАНОВНА
Publisher: name: Московский экономический журнал
Year: 2020
Subjects: СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫЕ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ
ФИНАНСОВОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ
ВНУТРИОРГАНИЗАЦИОННЫЕ РЕЗЕРВЫ
АМОРТИЗАЦИЯ ОСНОВНЫХ СРЕДСТВ
AGRICULTURALORGANIZATIONS
FINANCIALCONDITION
INTERNALRESERVES
DEPRECIATIONOFFIXEDASSETS

description: В кризисных условиях хозяйствования сельскохозяйственным производителям необходимо укрепления финансового состояния. Удорожание кредитных ресурсов и слабая государственная поддержка вызывает риски финансовой несостоятельности сельскохозяйственных организаций, что требует формулировки управленческих решений в части мобилизации внутриорганизационных резервов. Авторами представлен механизм управления финансовым состоянием сельскохозяйственных организаций Оренбургской области. Данный механизм это последовательность действий, направленных на поиск и реализацию резервов укрепления финансового состояния сельскохозяйственных организаций. Он включает в себя: анализ финансового состояния, поиск резервов укрепления финансового состояния и разработку конкретных мероприятий для реализации выявленных резервов. Обосновано, что наличие в структуре имущества доли внеоборотных активов свыше 50% негативно влияет на показатели финансового состояния. В этой связи предложено выполнить пересмотр способов начисления амортизации основных средств для снижения их балансовой стоимости. Чтовсвоюочередьулучшитиндикаторыфинансовойсостоятельности
Probing Photophysical and Photochemical Processes via Nano-Confined Localized Surface Plasmons
Creators: name: Mahapatra, Sayantan
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Conventional spectroscopic techniques are limited by the optical diffraction limit to about half wavelength and therefore offer about 200 nm х 200 nm microscopic zone for working in the visible light range. Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) emerges as an advanced analytical technique, where the localized surface plasmons (LSPs) at the plasmonically active tip apex are utilized to interrogate the local chemical environment of surface adsorbed molecules with sub-nanometer scale precision. When illuminated with light, the intense LSP field confined at the tip apex enhances the traditionally weak Raman scattering process with an enhancement factor by a few orders for the surface system that resides underneath the tip. In this dissertation, a topographical and chemical analysis of two regioisomers (positional isomers) was achieved with the spatial resolution down to 8 Å, which has a wide range of applications in various fields of surface science & nanotechnology. In addition, the molecule-substrate interactions were chemically addressed at the single-molecule level by employing different surfaces. Strong surface interactions at surface convert the flexible molecular structure distorted, which has been verified by TERS. Expanding upon these works, the chemical information available through TERS allows a chemical modification process to be investigated with single-molecule sensitivity. Furthermore, with the confinement of light at the tip apex, the highly energetic LSPs generated at the tip apex can be specifically utilized to drive certain chemical reactions which is unmanageable via conventional chemistry. For the first time, specific chemical bond dissociation inside a single molecule has been achieved by the nano-confined LSPs.
Meristhus (Sulcimerus) indecorus Candeze 1892
Creators: name: Kotru, Akash
name: Chandran, Nithya
name: Dubey, Anil Kumar
name: Prosvirov, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Elateridae
Meristhus
Meristhus indecorus

description: Meristhus (Sulcimerus) indecorus Candèze, 1892
Meristhus indecorus Candèze, 1892: 485.
Type depository. Syntype (RBINS).
Type locality. “Bengale”.
Distribution. India: West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh (Chakraborty, Chakrabarti, 2000).
Literature. Candèze (1892: 485): original description; Chakraborty and Chakrabarti (2000: 79): catalogue.
description: Published as part of Kotru, Akash, Chandran, Nithya, Dubey, Anil Kumar & Prosvirov, Alexander S., 2025, A catalogue of Indian Agrypninae Candèze, 1857 (Coleoptera: Elateridae), pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 5614 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5614.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/15217075
High-Dimensional Density Ratio Estimation with Extensions to Approximate Likelihood Computation
Creators: name: Izbicki, Rafael
name: Lee, Ann B.
name: Schafer, Chad M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62G, 62M15

description: The ratio between two probability density functions is an important component of various tasks, including selection bias correction, novelty detection and classification. Recently, several estimators of this ratio have been proposed. Most of these methods fail if the sample space is high-dimensional, and hence require a dimension reduction step, the result of which can be a significant loss of information. Here we propose a simple-to-implement, fully nonparametric density ratio estimator that expands the ratio in terms of the eigenfunctions of a kernel-based operator; these functions reflect the underlying geometry of the data (e.g., submanifold structure), often leading to better estimates without an explicit dimension reduction step. We show how our general framework can be extended to address another important problem, the estimation of a likelihood function in situations where that function cannot be well-approximated by an analytical form. One is often faced with this situation when performing statistical inference with data from the sciences, due the complexity of the data and of the processes that generated those data. We emphasize applications where using existing likelihood-free methods of inference would be challenging due to the high dimensionality of the sample space, but where our spectral series method yields a reasonable estimate of the likelihood function. We provide theoretical guarantees and illustrate the effectiveness of our proposed method with numerical experiments.
description: With supplementary material
title: Нерешенные вопросы патогенеза, диагностики и хирургического лечения рубцовых стенозов трахеи
Creators: name: Холодова, М.
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: В статье представлены данные по патогенезу, диагностике рубцовых стенозов трахеи. Кроме того, изучены и освещены результаты хирургического лечения рубцовых стенозов трахеи.