cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Alopecia areata – Current understanding and management
Creators: name: Lintzeri, Dimitra Aikaterini
name: Constantinou, Andria
name: Hillmann, Kathrin
name: Ghoreschi, Kamran
name: Vogt, Annika
name: Blume‐Peytavi, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Alopecia Areata
subject: Drug Therapy
subject: Diagnosis
subject: MedGen
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Alopecia areata (AA) is a chronic, immune-mediated disease characterized by acute or chronic non-scarring hair loss, with a heterogeneity in clinical manifestations ranging from patchy hair loss to complete scalp and body hair loss. An overview of the up-to-date pathophysiology and the underlying signaling pathways involved in AA together with diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations will be provided. Current treatments, including topical, systemic and injectable interventions show varying response and frequent relapses reflecting the unmet clinical need. Thus, the new emerging concepts and therapeutic approaches, including Janus kinase inhibitors are eagerly awaited. Traditional and emerging therapies of AA will be discussed, in order to provide physicians with guidance for AA management. Since the latter is so challenging and often tends to take a chronic course, it can have an enormous psychosocial burden on patients, compromising their quality of life and often causing depression and anxiety. Therefore, the psychosocial aspects of the disease need to be evaluated and addressed, in order to implement appropriate psychological support when needed.
Enhanced interaction between a mechanical oscillator and two coupled resonant electrical circuits
Creators: name: Dmitriev, A. V.
name: Mitrofanov, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports result of calculation and experimental realization of an electromechanical system that consists of a high-Q mechanical oscillator parametrically coupled in the manner of a capacitive transducer with a RF circuit, which is in turn inductively coupled with another RF circuit. The system operates in the resolved sideband regime when the mechanical oscillator's frequency is larger than the electrical circuits' bandwidths. Using two coupled RF circuits allowed one to enhance the interaction between them and the mechanical oscillator which is one of flexural vibrational modes of a free-edge circular silicon wafer. Such a coupled electromechanical system can be used as a high-sensitive capacitive vibration sensor.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Efficient arithmetic operations for rank-structured matrices based on hierarchical low-rank updates
Creators: name: Börm, Steffen
name: Reimer, Knut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65F08, 65N22, 65N38

description: Many matrices appearing in numerical methods for partial differential equations and integral equations are rank-structured, i.e., they contain submatrices that can be approximated by matrices of low rank. A relatively general class of rank-structured matrices are $\mathcal{H}^2$-matrices: they can reach the optimal order of complexity, but are still general enough for a large number of practical applications. We consider algorithms for performing algebraic operations with $\mathcal{H}^2$-matrices, i.e., for approximating the matrix product, inverse or factorizations in almost linear complexity. The new approach is based on local low-rank updates that can be performed in linear complexity. These updates can be combined with a recursive procedure to approximate the product of two $\mathcal{H}^2$-matrices, and these products can be used to approximate the matrix inverse and the LR or Cholesky factorization. Numerical experiments indicate that the new method leads to preconditioners that require $\mathcal{O}(n)$ units of storage, can be evaluated in $\mathcal{O}(n)$ operations, and take $\mathcal{O}(n \log n)$ operations to set up.
title: Diskussionspapier zur Machbarkeitsstudie für eine (inter-)nationale Plattform der Hochschullehre
Creators: name: Arbeitsgruppe Digitales Lehren Lernen und Vernetzen
Publisher: name: Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ
Year: 2018

description: Ende Mai 2018 hat das Hochschulforum Digitalisierung eine „Machbarkeitsstudie für eine (inter-)nationale Plattform der Hochschullehre“ veröffentlicht. Zwischen Dezember 2017 und Mai 2018 hat das mmb-Institut gemeinsam mit der Neocosmo GmbH auf Basis von Schreibtischrecherche, 14 Expterteninterviews und vier Stakeholder-Workshops untersucht, inwiefern und mit welchem Aufwand eine hochschulübergreifende Plattform für die digitale Lehre in Deutschland sinnvoll realisierbar ist. Mit Blick auf die Ergebnisse der Machbarkeitsstudie möchte die Allianz-AG darüber hinaus zur Diskussion der in diesem Papier vorgestellten Thesen anregen.
Variations on a Generating-Function Theme: Enumerating Compositions with Parts Avoiding an Arithmetic Sequence
Creators: name: Beck, Matthias
name: Robbins, Neville
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11P83, 05A17

description: A \Def{composition} of a positive integer $n$ is a $k$-tuple $(ł_1, ł_2, \dots, ł_k) \in \Z_{> 0}^k$ such that $n = ł_1 + ł_2 + \dots + ł_k$. Our goal is to enumerate those compositions whose parts $ł_1, ł_2, \dots, ł_k$ avoid a fixed arithmetic sequence. When this sequence is given by the even integers (i.e., all parts of the compositions must be odd), it is well known that the number of compositions is given by the Fibonacci sequence. A much more recent theorem says that when the parts are required to avoid all multiples of a given integer $k$, the resulting compositions are counted by a sequence given by a Fibonacci-type recursion of depth $k$. We extend this result to arbitrary arithmetic sequences. Our main tool is a lemma on generating functions which is no secret among experts but deserves to be more widely known.
description: 7 pages
Electronic supplementary material for A gustatory polymorphism mediates a new adaptive courtship strategy from Gustatory polymorphism mediates a new adaptive courtship strategy
Creators: name: Wada-Katsumata, Ayako
name: Hatano, Eduardo
name: Schal, Coby
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: The file contains Material and methods and statistical analysis results for all figures
Heat-exchange statistics in driven open quantum systems
Creators: name: Gasparinetti, S.
name: Solinas, P.
name: Braggio, A.
name: Sassetti, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the dimensions of physical systems approach the nanoscale, the laws of thermodynamics must be reconsidered due to the increased importance of fluctuations and quantum effects. While the statistical mechanics of small classical systems is relatively well understood, the quantum case still poses challenges. Here we set up a formalism that allows to calculate the full probability distribution of energy exchanges between a periodically driven quantum system and a thermalized heat reservoir. The formalism combines Floquet theory with a generalized master equation approach. For a driven two-level system and in the long-time limit, we obtain a universal expression for the distribution, providing clear physical insight into the exchanged energy quanta. We illustrate our approach in two analytically solvable cases and discuss the differences in the corresponding distributions. Our predictions could be directly tested in a variety of systems, including optical cavities and solid-state devices.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures
Symmetries and boundary theories for chiral Projected Entangled Pair States
Creators: name: Wahl, Thorsten B.
name: Haßler, Stefan T.
name: Tu, Hong-Hao
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
name: Schuch, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the topological character of lattice chiral Gaussian fermionic states in two dimensions possessing the simplest descriptions in terms of projected entangled-pair states (PEPS). They are ground states of two different kinds of Hamiltonians. The first one, $\mathcal H_\mathrm{ff}$, is local, frustration-free, and gapless. It can be interpreted as describing a quantum phase transition between different topological phases. The second one, $\mathcal H_\mathrm{fb}$ is gapped, and has hopping terms scaling as $1/r^3$ with the distance $r$. The gap is robust against local perturbations, which allows us to define a Chern number for the PEPS. As for (non-chiral) topological PEPS, the non-trivial topological properties can be traced down to the existence of a symmetry in the virtual modes that are used to build the state. Based on that symmetry, we construct string-like operators acting on the virtual modes that can be continuously deformed without changing the state. On the torus, the symmetry implies that the ground state space of the local parent Hamiltonian is two-fold degenerate. By adding a string wrapping around the torus one can change one of the ground states into the other. We use the special properties of PEPS to build the boundary theory and show how the symmetry results in the appearance of chiral modes, and a universal correction to the area law for the zero Rényi entropy.
description: 29 pages, 14 figures
Frustrated hierarchical synchronization and emergent complexity in the human connectome network
Creators: name: Villegas, Pablo
name: Moretti, Paolo
name: Muñoz, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spontaneous emergence of coherent behavior through synchronization plays a key role in neural function, and its anomalies often lie at the basis of pathologies. Here we employ a parsimonious (mesoscopic) approach to study analytically and computationally the synchronization (Kuramoto) dynamics on the actual human-brain connectome network. We elucidate the existence of a so-far-uncovered intermediate phase, placed between the standard synchronous and asynchronous phases, i.e. between order and disorder. This novel phase stems from the hierarchical modular organization of the connectome. Where one would expect a hierarchical synchronization process, we show that the interplay between structural bottlenecks and quenched intrinsic frequency heterogeneities at many different scales, gives rise to frustrated synchronization, metastability, and chimera-like states, resulting in a very rich and complex phenomenology. We uncover the origin of the dynamic freezing behind these features by using spectral graph theory and discuss how the emerging complex synchronization patterns relate to the need for the brain to access --in a robust though flexible way-- a large variety of functional attractors and dynamical repertoires without ad hoc fine-tuning to a critical point.
description: 4 Figures
Excision in algebraic K-theory revisited
Creators: name: Tamme, Georg
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: excision, localizing invariant, alcebraic K-theory
subject: 510 Mathematik

description: By a theorem of Suslin, a Tor-unital (not necessarily unital) ring satisfies excision in algebraic K-theory. We give a new and direct proof of Suslin’s result based on an exact sequence of categories of perfect modules. In fact, we prove a more general descent result for a pullback square of ring spectra and any localizing invariant. Our descent theorem contains not only Suslin’s result, but also Nisnevich descent of algebraic K-theory for affine schemes as special cases. Moreover, the role of the Tor-unitality condition becomes very transparent.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
Investigating Cognitive Performance Deficits in Male and Female Soccer Players after a 4-week Heading- Training Programme: A Controlled Study
Creators: name: Jansen, Petra
name: Lehmann, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: soccer, heading, cognitive impairment, sex effect, headache, concussion, mild traumatic brain injury
subject: 796 Sport

description: This experimental study with a controlled pre-test and post-test group design investigated the possible effects of four sessions of heading training on cognitive performance. A total of 118 participants (mean age of 22.25 years) were assigned to one of the three following groups: a heading-training group, a passing-training group and a waiting control group. The participants completed a cognitive test battery of attention (D2-test), working memory (Paced Auditory Serial Addition Task, PASAT-2) and visual spatial intelligence (Mental Rotation Test) tests before, immediately after the second training session and one week after the fourth training session. There were no between-group differences in cognitive performance after the second or the fourth heading training sessions. However, within the heading-training group, women complained more of headaches than men after the fourth training session. These results build on the results from the study of Rieder and Jansen (2011) that showed no neuropsychological consequences after one heading session, showing no cumulative effects of repeat heading.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
ESM for "Host genetic identity determines parasite community structure across time and space in oyster restoration" by Hanley et al.
Creators: name: Hanley, Torrance C.
name: Grabowski, Jonathan H.
name: Schneider, Eric G.
name: Barrett, Patrick D.
name: Puishys, Lauren M.
name: Spadafore, Rachele
name: McManus, Gwendolyn
name: Helt, William S. K.
name: Kinney, Heather
name: Conor McManus, M.
name: Randall Hughes, A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Appendix S1: Genetic Differentiation and Diversity of Oyster Seed Sources (Methods and Results); Appendix S2: Parasite Analysis (Methods); Appendix S3: Parasite Prevalence and Intensity – PERMANOVA Year*Block Interaction (Results); Appendix S4: Oyster Density/Size and Parasite Prevalence through Time (Results); Appendix S5: 2017 Field Survey of Oyster Macroparasite Prevalence and Intensity (Methods and Results); Appendix S6: Analysis of Prevalence and Intensity for Three-Parasite Communities (Results)
Three sterile neutrinos in E6
Creators: name: Rosner, Jonathan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Candidates for unfication of the electroweak and strong interactions include the grand unified groups SU(5), SO(10), and the exceptional group E6. The 27-dimensional fundamental representation of E6 contains exotic fermions, including weak isosinglet quarks of charge -1/3, vector-like weak isodoublet leptons, and neutral leptons which are singlets under both left-handed and right-handed SU(2). These last are candidates for light "sterile" neutrinos, hinted at by some recent short-baseline neutrino experiments. In order to accommodate three families of quarks and charged leptons, an E6 model must contain three 27-plets, each of which contains a sterile neutrino candidate n. The mixing pattern within a 27-plet is described, and experimental consequences are discussed.
description: 15 pages, no figures, version to be published in Phys. Rev. D. Some references and text added
A systematic halo-independent analysis of direct detection data within the framework of Inelastic Dark Matter
Creators: name: Scopel, Stefano
name: Yoon, KookHyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic halo-independent analysis of available Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMP) direct detection data within the framework of Inelastic Dark Matter (IDM). We show that, when the smallest number of assumptions is made on the WIMP velocity distribution in the halo of our Galaxy, it is possible to find values of the WIMP mass and the IDM mass splitting for which compatibility between present constraints and any of the three experiments claiming to see a WIMP excess among DAMA, CDMS-Si and CRESST can be achieved.
description: 33 pages, 15 figures. Discussion extended with one additional figure. References added. Updated to published version
‘Outdooring’ the Historical Corpus of English in Ghana: Insights from the compilation of a historical corpus of New English
Creators: name: Brato, Thorsten
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 420 Englisch

description: Over the last 30 years there has been an upsurge in research and theorising on postcolonial Englishes. Beginning with Kachru's (1985) Three Circles model, more recently the focus has shifted to models focusing on identity construction and historical developments (Schneider, 2007), central and peripheral varieties and their spheres of influence (Mair, 2013), and those aiming to provide a more integrated approach to postcolonial and non-postcolonial Englishes (Buschfeld & Kautzsch, 2017). Dedicated corpora such as the International Corpus of English (ICE; Greenbaum, 1991) and the Corpus of Global Web-based English (GloWbe; Davies & Fuchs, 2015) have been designed to allow for a synchronic comparison of Englishes around the world and have since been widely used to study variation on the different levels of linguistic description within and across varieties. Recently, ICE corpora have also been used to test assumptions laid out by Schneider (2007), e.g. by comparing data from ICE corpora of varieties which have progressed to different phases (Mukherjee & Gries, 2009) or by taking an apparent-time approach to test developments within one variety (Fuchs & Gut, 2015).
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
Lichen planus – a clinical guide
Creators: name: Solimani, Farzan
name: Forchhammer, Stephan
name: Schloegl, Alexandra
name: Ghoreschi, Kamran
name: Meier, Katharina
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Lichen Planus
subject: Skin
subject: Chronic Disease
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic lichenoid inflammatory disorder of the skin, mucosa and of the appendages. LP is classically characterized by the presence of a rich infiltration of inflammatory T cells, which migrate in the upper part of the dermis, arranged in a band-like pattern. Different sub types of the disease have been so far described. Albeit LP is clinically well defined, the disease still represents a therapeutic enigma. Especially with regard to mucosal or scalp affecting LP types, which often present a recalcitrant and treatment unresponsive course, efficacious therapeutic options are still lacking. Thus, LP represents a disease with a high psychosocial burden. Yet, development in the deciphering of LP pathogenesis reveals possible new druggable targets, thus paving the way for future therapeutic options. In this clinical guide, we summarize the current clinical knowledge and therapeutic standards and discuss the future perspective for the management of LP.
A DEFINABLE P-ADIC ANALOGUE OF KIRSZBRAUN’S THEOREM ON EXTENSIONS OF LIPSCHITZ MAPS
Creators: name: Cluckers, Raf
name: Martin, Florent
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: p-adic semi-algebraic functions; p-adic subanalytic functions; Lipschitz continuous functions; p-adic cell decomposition; definable retractions
subject: 510 Mathematik

description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
A Remark on Configuration Spaces of Two Points
Creators: name: Raptis, George
name: Salvatore, P.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: configuration space; homotopy invariance; spherical tangent bundle
subject: 510 Mathematik

description: We prove a homotopy invariance result for a certain covering space of the space of ordered configurations of two points in M × X where M is a closed smooth manifold and X is any fixed aspherical space which is not a point.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
The Earth's velocity for direct detection experiments
Creators: name: McCabe, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Earth's velocity relative to the Sun in galactic coordinates is required in the rate calculation for direct detection experiments. We provide a rigorous derivation of this quantity to first order in the eccentricity of the Earth's orbit. We also discuss the effect of the precession of the equinoxes, which has hitherto received little explicit discussion. Comparing with other expressions in the literature, we confirm that the expression of Lee, Lisanti and Safdi is correct, while the expression of Lewin and Smith, the de facto standard expression, contains an error. For calculations of the absolute event rate, the leading order expression is sufficient while for modulation searches, an expression with the eccentricity is required for accurate predictions of the modulation phase.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. v2: Minor changes to the text. Matches JCAP version
Prioritizing Open Infrastructure Needs: IOI Funding Framework
Creators: name: Thaney, Kaitlin
name: Dunks, Richard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: open infrastructure
funding
open science
scholarly communication

description: We aim to find areas where investment in open, shared infrastructure can most impact and advance access and participation in research. As we begin this prioritization process, we propose starting that work by exploring attributes of what we are looking to enable.
description: This work was funded by Arcadia, a charitable fund of Lisbet Rausing and Peter Baldwin. Additional information about how our work is funded can be found here: https://investinopen.org/about/how-were-funded/
Duality for relative logarithmic de Rham–Witt sheaves and wildly ramified class field theory over finite fields
Creators: name: Jannsen, Uwe
name: Saito, Shuji
name: Zhao, Yigeng
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
TYK2 inhibition and its potential in the treatment of chronic inflammatory immune diseases
Creators: name: Ghoreschi, Kamran
name: Augustin, Matthias
name: Baraliakos, Xenofon
name: Krönke, Gerhard
name: Schneider, Matthias
name: Schreiber, Stefan
name: Schulze‐Koops, Hendrik
name: Zeißig, Sebastian
name: Thaçi, Diamant
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: TYK2 Kinase
subject: Autoimmune Disease
subject: Drug Therapie
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Immune-mediated chronic inflammatory diseases have emerged as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Western countries over the last decades. Although multiple putative factors have been suspected to be causally related to the diseases, their overarching etiology remains unknown. This review article summarizes the current state of scientific knowledge and understanding of the role of non-receptor tyrosine kinases, with a special focus on the Janus kinase TYK2 in autoimmune and immune mediated diseases as well as on the clinical properties of its inhibition. A panel of experts in the field discussed the scientific evidence and molecular rationale for TYK2 inhibition and its clinical application. Reviewing this meeting, we aim at providing an integrated overview of the clinical profile of TYK2 inhibition and its potential in targeted pharmacological therapy of chronic autoimmune and immune-mediated diseases, with a special focus on inflammatory diseases of the skin.
Supplementary material from Inferring the decision rules that drive co-foraging affiliations in wild mixed-species parrot groups
Creators: name: Ferdinand, Vanessa
name: Pattenden, Elle
name: Brightsmith, Donald J.
name: Hobson, Elizabeth A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Figures S1-S4 and Table S1
Shortest path and Schramm-Loewner Evolution
Creators: name: Posé, N.
name: Schrenk, K. J.
name: Araújo, N. A. M.
name: Herrmann, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically show that the statistical properties of the shortest path on critical percolation clusters are consistent with the ones predicted for Schramm-Loewner evolution (SLE) curves for $κ=1.04\pm0.02$. The shortest path results from a global optimization process. To identify it, one needs to explore an entire area. Establishing a relation with SLE permits to generate curves statistically equivalent to the shortest path from a Brownian motion. We numerically analyze the winding angle, the left passage probability, and the driving function of the shortest path and compare them to the distributions predicted for SLE curves with the same fractal dimension. The consistency with SLE opens the possibility of using a solid theoretical framework to describe the shortest path and it raises relevant questions regarding conformal invariance and domain Markov properties, which we also discuss.
description: 7 pages and 5 figures
Universality of spin-relaxation for spin 1/2 particles diffusing over magnetic field inhomogeneities in the adiabatic regime
Creators: name: Guigue, M.
name: Golub, R.
name: Pignol, G.
name: Petukhov, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical analysis of spin relaxation, for a polarized gas of spin 1/2 particles undergoing restricted adiabatic diffusive motion within a container of arbitrary shape, due to magnetic field inhomogeneities of arbitrary form.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
DATA INTEGRITY IN THE HEALTHCARE INDUSTRY: ANALYZING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DATA SECURITY IN GOOD DATA AND RECORD MANAGEMENT PRACTICES (A CASE STUDY OF COMPUTERIZING THE COMPETENCE MATRIX FOR A QUALITY CONTROL DRUG LABORATORY)
Creators: name: Okezue, Marcel C
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Data quality
Database systems
Data management and data science not elsewhere classified

description: This project analyzes the concept of time efficiency in the data management process associated with the personnel training and competence assessments in the quality control (QC) laboratory of Nigeria’s foods and drugs authority (NAFDAC). The laboratory administrators are encumbered with a lot of mental and paper-based record keeping because the personnel training data is managed manually. Consequently, the personnel training and competence assessments in the laboratory are not efficiently conducted. The Microsoft Excel spreadsheet provided by a Purdue doctoral dissertation as a remedial to this is found to be deficient in handling operations in database tables. As a result, hence doctoral dissertation did not appropriately address the inefficiencies. The problem addressed by this study is the operational inefficiency that results from the manual or Excel-based personnel training data management process in the NAFDAC laboratory. The purpose, therefore, is to reduce the time it essentially takes to generate, obtain, manipulate, exchange, and securely store the personnel competence training and assessment data. To do this, the study developed a software system that is integrated with a relational database management system (RDBMS) to improve the manual/Microsoft Excel-based data management procedure. This project examines the operational (time) efficiencies in using manual or Excel-based format in comparison with the new system that this project developed, as a method to ascertain its validity. The data used in this qualitative research is from literary sources and from simulating the distinction between the times spent in administering personnel training and competence assessment using the New system developed by this study and the Excel system by another project, respectively. The fundamental finding of this study is that the idea of improving the operational (time) efficiency in the personnel training and competence assessment process in the QC laboratory is valid. Doing that will reduce human errors, achieve enhanced time-efficient operation, and improve personnel training and competence assessment processes. Recommendations are made as to the procedure the laboratory administrator must adopt to take advantage of the new system. The study also recommended the steps for the potential research to extend the capability of this project.
The configuration multi-edge model: Assessing the effect of fixing node strengths on weighted network magnitudes
Creators: name: Sagarra, Oleguer
name: Font-Clos, Francesc
name: Pérez-Vicente, Conrad J.
name: Díaz-Guilera, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Complex networks grow subject to structural constraints which affect their measurable properties. Assessing the effect that such constraints impose on their observables is thus a crucial aspect to be taken into account in their analysis. To this end,we examine the effect of fixing the strength sequence in multi-edge networks on several network observables such as degrees, disparity, average neighbor properties and weight distribution using an ensemble approach. We provide a general method to calculate any desired weighted network metric and we show that several features detected in real data could be explained solely by structural constraints. We thus justify the need of analytical null models to be used as basis to assess the relevance of features found in real data represented in weighted network form.
description: 11 pages. 4 figures
Some Turing-Complete Extensions of First-Order Logic
Creators: name: Kuusisto, Antti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a natural Turing-complete extension of first-order logic FO. The extension adds two novel features to FO. The first one of these is the capacity to add new points to models and new tuples to relations. The second one is the possibility of recursive looping when a formula is evaluated using a semantic game. We first define a game-theoretic semantics for the logic and then prove that the expressive power of the logic corresponds in a canonical way to the recognition capacity of Turing machines. Finally, we show how to incorporate generalized quantifiers into the logic and argue for a highly natural connection between oracles and generalized quantifiers.
description: In Proceedings GandALF 2014, arXiv:1408.5560
Genetic differentiation between Mediterranean and Atlantic populations of the common prawn Palaemon serratus (Crustacea: Palaemonidae) reveals uncommon phylogeographic break
Creators: name: Weiss, Ronja
name: Torrecilla, Z.
name: González-Ortegón, E.
name: González-Tizón, Ana M.
name: Martínez-Lage, A.
name: Schubart, Christoph D.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Decapoda Caridea, Mediterranean Sea, Atlantic Ocean, Gulf of Cadiz, phylogeography, mtDNA Cox1
subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: The Atlantic–Mediterranean transition zone between the Alborán Sea and the Gulf of Cádiz constitutes the most prominent marine geographic barrier in European waters and includes known phylogeographic breaks such as the Strait of Gibraltar and the Almería-Oran Front. A genetic shift in this area has been previously documented for the European littoral shrimp Palaemon elegans. Here we carried out a phylogeographic analysis with the congeneric and sympatric species Palaemon serratus to test for similar intraspecific genetic differentiation and geographic structure. This littoral prawn is distributed in the Northeastern Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea. We compared DNA sequences from the mitochondrial genes Cox1 and to a lesser extent from 16S rRNA of several Atlantic and Mediterranean populations. Furthermore, sequences from the nuclear gene Enolase were included for corroborating differences between Mediterranean and Atlantic individuals. A pronounced genetic differentiation was detected between the Mediterranean and Atlantic populations, amounting to 10.14% in Cox1 and 2.0% in 16S, indicating the occurrence of two independent evolutionary lineages. Interestingly, specimens from the Atlantic Gulf of Cadiz cluster together with the Mediterranean individuals, indicating that a biogeographic barrier appears to be located west of the Strait of Gibraltar.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
Theory of extreme correlations using canonical Fermions and path integrals
Creators: name: Shastry, B Sriram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The t-J model is studied using a novel and rigorous mapping of the Gutzwiller projected electrons, in terms of canonical electrons. The mapping has considerable similarity to the Dyson-Maleev transformation relating spin operators to canonical Bosons. This representation gives rise to a non Hermitean quantum theory, characterized by minimal redundancies. A path integral representation of the canonical theory is given. Using it, the salient results of the extremely correlated Fermi liquid (ECFL) theory, including the previously found Schwinger equations of motion, are easily rederived. Further a transparent physical interpretation of the previously introduced auxiliary Greens functions and the caparison factor is obtained. The low energy electron spectral function in this theory with a strong intrinsic asymmetry, is summarized in terms of a few expansion coefficients. These include an important emergent energy scale $Δ_0$ that shrinks to zero on approaching the insulating state, thereby making it difficult to access the underlying low energy Fermi liquid behavior. The scaled low frequency ECFL spectral function is related simply to the Fano line shape. The resulting energy dispersion (EDC or MDC) is a hybrid of a massive and a massless Dirac spectrum $ E^*_Q\sim γ\, Q- \sqrt{Γ_0^2 + Q^2} $, where the vanishing of $Q$, a momentum like variable, locates the kink. Therefore the quasiparticle velocity interpolates between $(γ\mp 1)$ over a width $Γ_0$ on the two sides of $Q=0$. The resulting kink strongly resembles a prominent low energy feature seen in angle resolved photoemission spectra (ARPES) of cuprate materials. We also propose novel ways of analyzing the ARPES data to isolate the predicted asymmetry between particle and hole excitations.
description: 27 pages, 1 Figure, Updated figure and discussion of the "kink" feature
ON THE L-adic COHOMOLOGY OF SOME p-ADICALLY UNIFORMIZED SHIMURA VARIETIES
Creators: name: Shen, Zu
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Shimura varieties; p-adic uniformization; l-adic cohomology
subject: 510 Mathematik

description: We determine the Galois representations inside the l-adic cohomology of some unitary Shimura varieties at split places where they admit uniformization by finite products of Drinfeld upper half spaces. Our main results confirm Langlands–Kottwitz’s description of the cohomology of Shimura varieties in new cases.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
Distributed D3: A web-based distributed data visualisation framework for Big Data
Creators: name: Fan, Xiaoping
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: The influx of Big Data has created an ever-growing need for analytic tools targeting towards the acquisition of insights and knowledge from large datasets. Visual perception as a fundamental tool used by humans to retrieve information from the outside world around us has its unique ability to distinguish patterns pre-attentively. Visual analytics via data visualisations is therefore a very powerful tool and has become ever more important in this era. Data-Driven Documents (D3.js) is a versatile and popular web-based data visualisation library that has tended to be the standard toolkit for visualising data in recent years. However, the library is technically inherent and limited in capability by the single thread model of a single browser window in a single machine, and therefore not able to deal with large datasets. The main objective of this thesis is to overcome this limitation and address possible challenges by developing the Distributed D3 framework that employs distributed mechanism to enable the possibility of delivering web-based visualisations for large-scale data, which also allows to effectively utilise the graphical computational resources of the modern visualisation environments. As a result, the first contribution is that the integrated version of Distributed D3 framework has been developed for the Data Observatory. The work proves the concept of Distributed D3 is feasible in reality and also enables developers to collaborate on large-scale data visualisations by using it on the Data Observatory. The second contribution is that the Distributed D3 has been optimised by investigating the potential bottlenecks for large-scale data visualisation applications. The work finds the key performance bottlenecks of the framework and shows an improvement of the overall performance by 35.7% after optimisations, which improves the scalability and usability of Distributed D3 for large-scale data visualisation applications. The third contribution is that the generic version of Distributed D3 framework has been developed for the customised environments. The work improves the usability and flexibility of the framework and makes it ready to be published in the open-source community for further improvements and usages.
11-β hydroxysteroid type 1 knockout mice display an antidepressant-like phenotype in the forced swim test
Creators: name: Slattery, David A.
name: Uzunov, Doncho P.
name: Cryan, John F.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 11-BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE TYPE-1; PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; MAJOR DEPRESSION; RECEPTORS; BEHAVIOR; OBESITY; STRESS; MODEL; corticosterone; knockout; mouse; 11 beta-dehydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: Objective 11-dehydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) types 1 and 2, enzymes are involved in the activation and inactivation of glucocorticoids in vivo, respectively. Indirect evidence implicates two enzymes in the aetiology of depression but no study has directly assessed the potential role of 11 -HSD1 in animal tests. Methods We assessed 11 -HSD1 knockout mice in the forced swim test (FST), tail suspension test (TST) and for locomotor activity. Results Genetic ablation of the 11-HSD1 gene results in an antidepressant-like phenotype in the FST; the most widely utilised animal test of antidepressant activity, but not in the related TST. This may be related to the different biological substrates underlying these tests. The decreased FST immobility was not due to alterations in general activity. Conclusions Taken together these results suggest that 11-HSD1 may play an important role in depression-related behaviours and further studies are necessary to fully characterise its role in such behaviour.
description: OA-Komponente aus Allianzlizenz
Quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping of matter qubits with coherent multiphoton states
Creators: name: Torres, J. M.
name: Bernád, J. Z.
name: Alber, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Protocols for probabilistic entanglement-assisted quantum teleportation and for entanglement swapping of material qubits are presented. They are based on a protocol for postselective Bell-state projection which is capable of projecting two material qubits onto a Bell state with the help of ancillary coherent multiphoton states and postselection by balanced homodyne photodetection. Provided this photonic postselection is successful we explore the theoretical possibilities of realizing unit fidelity quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping with $25\%$ success probability. This photon-assisted Bell projection is generated by coupling almost resonantly the two material qubits to single modes of the radiation field in two separate cavities in a Ramsey-type interaction sequence and by measuring the emerged field states in a balanced homodyne detection scenario. As these quantum protocols require basic tools of quantum state engineering of coherent multiphoton states and balanced homodyne photodetection they may offer interesting perspectives in particular for current quantum optical applications in quantum information processing.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Measuring the spin of black holes in binary systems using gravitational waves
Creators: name: Vitale, Salvatore
name: Lynch, Ryan
name: Veitch, John
name: Raymond, Vivien
name: Sturani, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compact binary coalescences are the most promising sources of gravitational waves (GWs) for ground based detectors. Binary systems containing one or two spinning black holes are particularly interesting due to spin-orbit (and eventual spin-spin) interactions, and the opportunity of measuring spins directly through GW observations. In this letter we analyze simulated signals emitted by spinning binaries with several values of masses, spins, orientation, and signal-to-noise ratio. We find that spin magnitudes and tilt angles can be estimated to accuracy of a few percent for neutron star--black hole systems and $\sim$ 5-30% for black hole binaries. In contrast, the difference in the azimuth angles of the spins, which may be used to check if spins are locked into resonant configurations, cannot be constrained. We observe that the best performances are obtained when the line of sight is perpendicular to the system's total angular momentum, and that a sudden change of behavior occurs when a system is observed from angles such that the plane of the orbit can be seen both from above and below during the time the signal is in band. This study suggests that the measurement of black hole spin by means of GWs can be as precise as what can be obtained from X-ray binaries.
description: 4 figures, Version accepted for publication on PRL
Scattering equations and virtuous kinematic numerators and dual-trace functions
Creators: name: Naculich, Stephen G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by recent developments on scattering equations, we present a constructive procedure for computing symmetric, amplitude-encoded, BCJ numerators for n-point gauge-theory amplitudes, thus satisfying the three virtues identified by Broedel and Carrasco. We also develop a constructive procedure for computing symmetric, amplitude-encoded dual-trace functions (tau) for n-point amplitudes. These can be used to obtain symmetric kinematic numerators that automatically satisfy color-kinematic duality. The S_n symmetry of n-point gravity amplitudes formed from these symmetric dual-trace functions is completely manifest. Explicit expressions for four- and five-point amplitudes are presented.
description: 24 pages; v2: minor sign corrections, added references; v3: minor corrections, published version
Tuning spontaneous emission through waveguide cavity effects in semiconductor nanowires
Creators: name: Dirnberger, Florian
name: Abujetas, D. R.
name: König, J.
name: Forsch, M.
name: Koller, T.
name: Gronwald, Imke
name: Lange, Christoph
name: Huber, Rupert
name: Schüller, Christian
name: Korn, Tobias
name: Sánchez-Gil, J. A.
name: Bougeard, Dominique
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Semiconductor nanowire, luminescence lifetime, tunable spontaneous emission, photonic waveguide cavity, free excitons, subwavelength nanophotonics
subject: 530 Physik

description: The ability to tailor waveguide cavities and couple them with quantum emitters has developed a realm of nanophotonics encompassing, for example, highly efficient single photon generation or the control of giant photon nonlinearities. Opening new grounds by pushing the interaction of the waveguide cavity and integrated emitters further into the deep subwavelength regime, however, has been complicated by nonradiative losses due to the increasing importance of surface defects when decreasing cavity dimensions. Here, we show efficient suppression of nonradiative recombination for thin waveguide cavities using core–shell semiconductor nanowires. We experimentally reveal the advantages of such nanowires, which host mobile emitters, that is, free excitons, in a one-dimensional (1D) waveguide, highlighting the resulting potential for tunable, active, nanophotonic devices. In our experiment, controlling the nanowire waveguide diameter tunes the luminescence lifetime of excitons in the nanowires across 2 orders of magnitude up to 80 ns. At the smallest wire diameters, we show that this luminescence lifetime can be manipulated by engineering the dielectric environment of the nanowires. Exploiting this unique handle on the spontaneous emission of mobile emitters, we demonstrate an all-dielectric spatial control of the mobile emitters along the axis of the 1D nanowire waveguide.
Tunable Spin Qubit Coupling Mediated by a Multi-Electron Quantum Dot
Creators: name: Srinivasa, V.
name: Xu, H.
name: Taylor, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an approach for entangling electron spin qubits localized on spatially separated impurity atoms or quantum dots via a multi-electron, two-level quantum dot. The effective exchange interaction mediated by the dot can be understood as the simplest manifestation of Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida exchange, and can be manipulated through gate voltage control of level splittings and tunneling amplitudes within the system. This provides both a high degree of tuneability and a means for realizing high-fidelity two-qubit gates between spatially separated spins, yielding an experimentally accessible method of coupling donor electron spins in silicon via a hybrid impurity-dot system.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures