cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
International Collaboration in Space Cybersecurity
Creators: name: Harshit Sharma
name: Maliram Dhabas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: This research article investigates the important and evolving domain of area cybersecurity, focusing on the imperative for worldwide collaboration to protect area-based property and systems. As humanity becomes more and more reliant on area infrastructure for communique, navigation, and clinical exploration, the vulnerability of these systems to cyber threats has grown exponentially. The examine delves into the specific demanding situations posed by space-based totally cybersecurity, considering the complex interdependence of nations on shared area belongings and the ability catastrophic effects of a cyberattack on those structures. The studies assesses the present day panorama of international cooperation in addressing area cybersecurity challenges, inspecting present frameworks, treaties, and collaborative efforts. Through a comprehensive analysis of case research and current incidents, the item identifies gaps and weaknesses within the modern collaborative techniques and proposes strategic upgrades for an improved and globally unified protection against space cyber threats. Furthermore, it explores the role of international corporations, governmental companies, and personal entities in fostering a collaborative surroundings. By dropping light at the intricacies of worldwide collaboration in space cybersecurity, this research goals to make a contribution to the improvement of powerful policies, norms, and technological answers. The findings underscore the urgency of transcending geopolitical limitations to establish a coordinated and cooperative global framework which could ensure the long-time period protection and sustainability of area activities.
Acceleration of Cosmic Rays in Supernova Shocks: elemental selectivity of the injection mechanism
Creators: name: Hanusch, A.
name: Liseykina, T.
name: Malkov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise measurements of galactic cosmic rays revealed a significant difference between the rigidity spectral indices of protons and helium ions. This finding is a notable contrast to the commonly accepted theoretical prediction that supernova remnant (SNR) shocks accelerate protons and helium ions with the same rigidity alike. Most of the earlier explanations for the "paradox" appealed to SNR environmental factors, such as inhomogeneous $p$/He mixes in the shock upstream medium, variable ionization states of He, or a multi-SNR origin of the observed spectra. The newest observations, however, are in tension with most of them. In this paper, we show by self-consistent hybrid simulations that such special conditions are not vital for the explanation of the cosmic ray rigidity spectra. In particular, our simulations prove that an SNR shock can modify the chemical composition of accelerated cosmic rays by preferentially extracting them from a homogeneous background plasma without additional, largely untestable assumptions. Our results confirm the earlier theoretical predictions of how the efficiency of injection depends on the shock Mach number $M.$ Its increase with the charge-to-mass ratio saturates at a level that grows with $M.$ We have convolved the time-dependent injection rates of protons and helium ions, obtained from the simulations, with a decreasing shock strength over the active life of SNRs. The integrated SNR rigidity spectrum for $p$/He ratio compares well with the AMS-02 and PAMELA data.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1707.02744
Topes: Reusable Abstractions for Validating Data
Creators: name: Scaffidi, Chris
name: Myers, Brad
name: Shaw, Mary
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Programmers often omit input validation when inputs can appear in many different formats or when validation criteria cannot be precisely specified. To enable validation in these situations, we present a new technique that puts valid inputs into a consistent format and that identifies “questionable” inputs which might be valid or invalid, so that these values can be double-checked by a person or a program. Our technique relies on the concept of a “tope”, which is an application-independent abstraction describing how to recognize and transform values in a category of data. We present our definition of topes and describe a development environment that supports the implementation and use of topes. Experiments with web application and spreadsheet data indicate that using our technique improves the accuracy and reusability of validation code and also improves the effectiveness of subsequent data cleaning such as duplicate identification.
Real-time Video Processing in Web Applications
Creators: name: Ionita, Cristian
name: Barbulescu, Alexandru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.2

description: The OpenGL ES standard is implemented in modern desktop and mobile browsers through the WebGL API. This paper explores the potential for using OpenGL ES hardware acceleration for real time video processing in standard HTML5 applications. It analyses the WebGL performance across device types and compares it with the standard JavaScript and canvas performance.
description: 12th Romanian Human-Computer Interaction Conference, RoCHI 2015, Bucharest, Romania, September 24-25, 2015, http://rochi.utcluj.ro/articole/3/RoCHI-2015-Ionita.pdf
Dynamic Control of Laser Produced Proton Beams
Creators: name: Kar, S.
name: Markey, K.
name: Simpson, P. T.
name: Dromey, B.
name: Borghesi, M.
name: Zepf, M.
name: Bellei, C.
name: Nagel, S. R.
name: Kneip, S.
name: Willingale, L.
name: Najmudin, Z.
name: Krushelnick, K.
name: Green, J. S.
name: Norreys, P.
name: Clarke, R. J.
name: Neely, D.
name: Carroll, D. C.
name: McKenna, P.
name: Clark, E. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emission characteristics of intense laser driven protons are controlled using ultra-strong (of the order of 10^9 V/m) electrostatic fields varying on a few ps timescale. The field structures are achieved by exploiting the high potential of the target (reaching multi-MV during the laser interaction). Suitably shaped targets result in a reduction in the proton beam divergence, and hence an increase in proton flux while preserving the high beam quality. The peak focusing power and its temporal variation are shown to depend on the target characteristics, allowing for the collimation of the inherently highly divergent beam and the design of achromatic electrostatic lenses.
description: 9 Pages, 5 figures
Toped: Enabling End-User Programmers to Validate Data
Creators: name: Scaffidi, Chris
name: Myers, Brad
name: Shaw, Mary
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing tools require end-user programmers (EUPs) to write regular expressions (“regexps”) or even scripts to validate textual inputs, which is slow and error-prone. We present a new technique enabling EUPs to describe data as a series of constrained parts. We incorporate this technique into a prototype tool called Toped, which generates validation code for Excel and web forms. This technique enables EUPs to validate data more quickly and accurately than with existing techniques, finding 90% of invalid inputs in a lab study
The monodromy of meromorphic projective structures
Creators: name: Allegretti, Dylan G. L.
name: Bridgeland, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study projective structures on a surface having poles of prescribed orders. We obtain a monodromy map from a complex manifold parameterising such structures to the stack of framed $\mathrm{PGL}_2(\mathbb{C})$ local systems on the associated marked bordered surface. We prove that the image of this map is contained in the union of the domains of the cluster charts. We discuss a number of open questions concerning this monodromy map.
description: 54 pages. Version 2: Incorporated suggestions from referee
A new extended KP hierarchy
Creators: name: Liu, Xiaojun
name: Zeng, Yunbo
name: Lin, Runliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method is proposed to construct a new extended KP hierarchy, which includes two types of KP equation with self-consistent sources and admits reductions to k-constrained KP hierarchy and to Gelfand-Dickey hierarchy with sources. It provides a general way to construct soliton equations with sources and their Lax representations.
description: Published in Phys. Lett. A, 13 pages
title: ADCO, Septième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1665), Cart. 29 (G 134), 996 folios, f. 0122
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire

description: Septième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1665), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 29 (G 134), 996 folios, f. 0122, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Septième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1665), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 29 (G 134), 996 folios, f. 0122, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Retrieval-Augmented Generation in PreK–Higher Education: Theoretical Foundations, Applications, and Policy Implications
Creators: name: Spessard, Shelley L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 390102
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy theory and development

description: The AI Playbook for Teachers: 33 Winning Plays to Harness the Power of AI is a practitioner-driven guide designed to help educators integrate artificial intelligence meaningfully into their instructional practices.Drawing on research in Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), instructional design, and personalized learning, this playbook offers 33 actionable AI prompts that support lesson planning, formative assessment, differentiation, and curriculum innovation. Each prompt is crafted to promote academic integrity, equity, and learner-centered practice within future-ready classrooms.The resource addresses a critical gap between emerging educational technologies and classroom application, empowering teachers to use AI not as a replacement, but as a collaborative tool to enhance creativity, efficiency, and student engagement.This work is intended for K–12 teachers, instructional coaches, school leaders, and educational technologists seeking to align AI integration with best practices in curriculum development, professional learning, and equity-driven innovation.By bridging knowledge retrieval systems with authentic pedagogical strategies, The AI Playbook for Teachers contributes to the broader conversation on responsible, ethical, and transformative uses of AI in education.
Resource Pooling in Large-Scale Content Delivery Systems
Creators: name: Reddy, Kota Srinivas
name: Moharir, Sharayu
name: Karamchandani, Nikhil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Content delivery networks are a key infrastructure component used by Video on Demand (VoD) services to deliver content over the Internet. We study a content delivery system consisting of a central server and multiple co-located caches, each with limited storage and service capabilities. This work evaluates the performance of such a system as a function of the storage capacity of the caches, the content replication strategy, and the service policy. This analysis can be used for a system-level optimization of these design choices. The focus of this work is on understanding the benefits of allowing caches to pool their resources to serve user requests. We show that the benefits of resource pooling depend on the popularity profile of the contents offered by the VoD service. More specifically, if the popularity does not vary drastically across contents, resource pooling can lead to significant improvements in the system performance. In contrast, if the content popularity is uneven, the benefits of resource pooling are negligible.
description: Accepted in TCOM; 14 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1603.09153
Laser-induced solid-solid phase transition in As under pressure: A theoretical prediction
Creators: name: Zijlstra, Eeuwe S.
name: Huntemann, Nils
name: Garcia, Martin E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Arsenic a pressure-induced solid-solid phase transition from the A7 into the simple cubic structure has been experimentally demonstrated [Beister et al., Phys. Rev. B 41, 5535 (1990)]. In this paper we present calculations, which predict that this phase transition can also be induced by an ultrashort laser pulse in As under pressure. In addition, calculations for the pressure-induced phase transition are presented. Using density functional theory in the generalized gradient approximation, we found that the pressure-induced phase transition takes place at 26.3 GPa and is accompanied by a volume change "Delta V" = 0.5 bohr^3/atom. The laser-induced phase transition is predicted for an applied pressure of 23.8 GPa and an absorbed laser energy of 2.8 mRy/atom.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures Changes to content To be published in New Journal of Physics (accepted for publication)
Tool Support for Data Validation by End-User Programmers
Creators: name: Scaffidi, Chris
name: Myers, Brad
name: Shaw, Mary
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: End-user programming tools for creating spreadsheets and webforms offer no data types except “string” for storing many kinds of data, such as person names and street addresses. Consequently, these tools cannot automatically validate these data. To address this problem, we have developed a new userextensible model for string-like data. Each “tope” in this model is a user-defined abstraction that guides the interpretation of strings as a particular kind of data, such as a mailing address. Specifically, each tope implementation contains software functions for recognizing and reformatting that tope’s kind of data. With our tools, end-user programmers define new topes and associate them with fields in spreadsheets, webforms, and other programs. This makes it possible at runtime to distinguish between invalid data, valid data, and questionable data that could be valid or invalid. Once identified, questionable and/or invalid data can be double-checked and possibly corrected, thereby increasing the overall reliability of the data.
Formulae for study of LID induced diffusion in CP star model atmospheres
Creators: name: Sapar, A.
name: Aret, A.
name: Sapar, L.
name: Poolamäe, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Formulae suitable for computing light-induced drift (LID) acceleration and corresponding diffusional segregation of isotopes in CP star model atmospheres are given.
description: 2 pages, poster contribution presented at the CP#AP Workshop, Vienna, Austria, 10-14 September 2007
Time-Evolving Collaborative Filtering
Creators: name: Xiong, Liang
name: Chen, Xi
name: Tzu-Kuo  Huang
name: Schneider, Jeff
name: Carbonell, Jaime G.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Real-world relational data are seldom stationary, yet traditional collaborative filtering algorithms generally rely on this assumption. Motivated by our sales prediction problem, we propose a factor-based algorithm that is able to take time into account. By introducing additional factors for time, we formalize this problem as a tensor factorization with a special constraint on the time dimension. Further, we provide a fully Bayesian treatment to avoid tuning parameters and achieve automatic model complexity control. To learn the model we develop an efficient sampling procedure that is capable of analyzing large-scale data sets. This new algorithm, called Bayesian Probabilistic Tensor Factorization (BPTF), is evaluated on several real-world problems including sales prediction and movie recommendation. Empirical results demonstrate the superiority of our temporal model.
Debiasing Recommendation with Personal Popularity
Creators: name: Ning, Wentao
name: Cheng, Reynold
name: Yan, Xiao
name: Kao, Ben
name: Huo, Nan
name: Haldar, Nur AI Hasan
name: Tang, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Global popularity (GP) bias is the phenomenon that popular items are recommended much more frequently than they should be, which goes against the goal of providing personalized recommendations and harms user experience and recommendation accuracy. Many methods have been proposed to reduce GP bias but they fail to notice the fundamental problem of GP, i.e., it considers popularity from a \textit{global} perspective of \textit{all users} and uses a single set of popular items, and thus cannot capture the interests of individual users. As such, we propose a user-aware version of item popularity named \textit{personal popularity} (PP), which identifies different popular items for each user by considering the users that share similar interests. As PP models the preferences of individual users, it naturally helps to produce personalized recommendations and mitigate GP bias. To integrate PP into recommendation, we design a general \textit{personal popularity aware counterfactual} (PPAC) framework, which adapts easily to existing recommendation models. In particular, PPAC recognizes that PP and GP have both direct and indirect effects on recommendations and controls direct effects with counterfactual inference techniques for unbiased recommendations. All codes and datasets are available at \url{https://github.com/Stevenn9981/PPAC}.
description: Accepted by WWW'24 as a research full paper
title: ADCO, Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0609
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0609, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0609, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Eta and Eta' physics
Creators: name: Bijnens, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This talk describes the reasons why $η$ and $η^\prime$ decays are an interesting topic of study for both theory and experiment. The main part discusses the results of the recent calculation of $η\to3π$ at two-loop order in ChPT. Some puzzling aspects of the results compared to earlier dispersive calculations are highlighted. I also like to remind the reader of the use of $η$ and $η^\prime$ decays for studying the anomaly.
description: 10 pages, {Plenary talk given at MENU07, September 10-14, 2007 J\"ulich, Germany
title: ADCO, Deuxième cartulaire ou Grand cartulaire de l'abbaye de Molesme, Cart. 143 (7 H 7), 153 fol, f. 0137r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2009
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi

description: Deuxième cartulaire ou Grand cartulaire de l'abbaye de Molesme, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 143 (7 H 7), 153 fol, f. 0137r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Deuxième cartulaire ou Grand cartulaire de l'abbaye de Molesme, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 143 (7 H 7), 153 fol, f. 0137r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Molesme
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q334044
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb137389344
Arbitrary digital pulse sequence generator with delay-loop timing
Creators: name: Hošák, Radim
name: Ježek, Miroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an idea of an electronic multi-channel arbitrary digital sequence generator with temporal granularity equal to a single clock cycle. We implement the generator with 32 channels using a low-cost ARM microcontroller and demonstrate its capability to produce temporal delays ranging from tens of nanoseconds to hundreds of seconds, with 12 ns timing granularity and linear scaling of delay with respect to the number of delay loop iterations. The generator is optionally synchronized with an external clock source to provide 100 ps jitter and overall sequence repeatability within the whole temporal range. The generator is fully programmable and able to produce digital sequences of high complexity. The concept of the generator can be implemented using different microcontrollers and applied for controlling of various optical, atomic, and nuclear physics measurement setups.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Oswald et al. 2021 Whistle variable definitions, statistical test results and additional figures from Species information in whistle frequency modulation patterns of common dolphins
Creators: name: Oswald, Julie N.
name: Walmsley, Sam F.
name: Casey, Caroline
name: Fregosi, Selene
name: Southall, Brandon
name: Janik, Vincent M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Whistle variable definitions, statistical test results, and additional figures
Time is Not Money: The Case for Multi-dimensional Accounting in Value-based Software Engineering
Creators: name: Poladian, Vahe
name: Butler, Shawn
name: Shaw, Mary
name: Garlan, David
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: "Time is money," or so goes the old saying. Perhaps, influenced by this aphorism, some strategies for incorporating costs in the analysis of software design express all costs in currency units for reasons of simplicity and tractability. Indeed, in theoretical economics all costs can, in principle, be expressed in dollars. Software engineering problems, however, often present situations in which converting all costs to a common currency is problematical. In this paper we pinpoint some of these situations and the underlying causes of the problems, and we argue that it is often better to treat costs as a multidimensional value, with dimensions corresponding to distinct types of resources. We go on to highlight the differences among cost dimensions that need to be considered when developing cost-benefit analyses, and we suggest mechanisms for mediating among heterogeneous cost dimensions. ERRATUM: On page 3, in the list just above Table 2 and in Table 2, "integer" should read "interval."
A general test of the Copernican Principle
Creators: name: Clarkson, Chris
name: Bassett, Bruce A.
name: Lu, Teresa Hui-Ching
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent discovery of apparent cosmic acceleration has highlighted the depth of our ignorance of the fundamental properties of nature. It is commonly assumed that the explanation for acceleration must come from a new form of energy dominating the cosmos - dark energy - or a modification of Einstein's theory of Relativity. It is often overlooked, however, that a currently viable alternative explanation of the data is radial inhomogeneity which alters the Hubble diagram without any acceleration. This explanation is often ignored for two reasons: radial inhomogeneity significantly complicates analysis and predictions, and so the full details have not been investigated; and it is a philosophically highly controversial idea, revoking as it does the long-held Copernican Principle. To date, there has not been a general way of determining the validity if the Copernican Principle -- that we live at a typical position in the universe -- significantly weakening the foundations of cosmology as a scientific endeavour. Here we present an observational test for the Copernican assumption which can be automatically implemented while we search for dark energy in the coming decade. Our test is entirely independent of any model for dark energy or theory of gravity and thereby represents a model-independent test of the Copernican Principle.
description: 5 pages, no figures
Towards radiologist-level cancer risk assessment in CT lung screening using deep learning
Creators: name: Trajanovski, Stojan
name: Mavroeidis, Dimitrios
name: Swisher, Christine Leon
name: Gebre, Binyam Gebrekidan
name: Veeling, Bastiaan S.
name: Wiemker, Rafael
name: Klinder, Tobias
name: Tahmasebi, Amir
name: Regis, Shawn M.
name: Wald, Christoph
name: McKee, Brady J.
name: Flacke, Sebastian
name: MacMahon, Heber
name: Pien, Homer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Importance: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in the US, responsible for more deaths than breast, prostate, colon and pancreas cancer combined and it has been recently demonstrated that low-dose computed tomography (CT) screening of the chest can significantly reduce this death rate. Objective: To compare the performance of a deep learning model to state-of-the-art automated algorithms and radiologists as well as assessing the robustness of the algorithm in heterogeneous datasets. Design, Setting, and Participants: Three low-dose CT lung cancer screening datasets from heterogeneous sources were used, including National Lung Screening Trial (NLST, n=3410), Lahey Hospital and Medical Center (LHMC, n=3174) data, Kaggle competition data (from both stages, n=1595+505) and the University of Chicago data (UCM, a subset of NLST, annotated by radiologists, n=197). Relevant works on automated methods for Lung Cancer malignancy estimation have used significantly less data in size and diversity. At the first stage, our framework employs a nodule detector; while in the second stage, we use both the image area around the nodules and nodule features as inputs to a neural network that estimates the malignancy risk for the entire CT scan. We trained our two-stage algorithm on a part of the NLST dataset, and validated it on the other datasets. Results, Conclusions, and Relevance: The proposed deep learning model: (a) generalizes well across all three data sets, achieving AUC between 86% to 94%; (b) has better performance than the widely accepted PanCan Risk Model, achieving 11% better AUC score; (c) has improved performance compared to the state-of-the-art represented by the winners of the Kaggle Data Science Bowl 2017 competition on lung cancer screening; (d) has comparable performance to radiologists in estimating cancer risk at a patient level.
description: Submitted for publication. 11 pages
Space climate and space weather over the past 400 years: 2. Proxy indicators of geomagnetic storm and substorm
Creators: name: Lockwood, Mike
name: Owens, Mathew J.
name: Barnard, Luke A.
name: Scott, Chris J.
name: Watt, Clare E.
name: Bentley, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the reconstruction of power input to the magnetosphere given in Paper 1 (arXiv:1708.04904), we reconstruct annual means of geomagnetic indices over the past 400 years to within a 1-sigma error of +/-20 pc. In addition, we study the behaviour of the lognormal distribution of daily and hourly values about these annual means and show that we can also reconstruct the fraction of geomagnetically-active (storm-like) days and (substorm-like) hours in each year to accuracies of 50-60 pc. The results are the first physics-based quantification of the space weather conditions in both the Dalton and Maunder minima. We predict terrestrial disturbance levels in future repeats of these minima, allowing for the weakening of Earth's dipole moment.
Correcting α_3(M_Z) in the NMSGUT
Creators: name: Aulakh, Charanjit S.
name: Garg, Sumit Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that superheavy threshold corrections in the New Minimal Supersymmetric GUT based on the SO(10) Higgs system ${\bf{210\oplus 126\oplus {\bar {126}}\oplus 10 \oplus 120}} $ can comfortably correct the prediction for the value of $α_3(M_Z)$ from the relatively large value predicted by the two loop RG equations to the central value determined by the current world average. The unification scale is raised above the one loop value over almost all of the viable parameter space.
description: 9 pages, latex, 3 figures
ShakeDrop Regularization for Deep Residual Learning
Creators: name: Yamada, Yoshihiro
name: Iwamura, Masakazu
name: Akiba, Takuya
name: Kise, Koichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Overfitting is a crucial problem in deep neural networks, even in the latest network architectures. In this paper, to relieve the overfitting effect of ResNet and its improvements (i.e., Wide ResNet, PyramidNet, and ResNeXt), we propose a new regularization method called ShakeDrop regularization. ShakeDrop is inspired by Shake-Shake, which is an effective regularization method, but can be applied to ResNeXt only. ShakeDrop is more effective than Shake-Shake and can be applied not only to ResNeXt but also ResNet, Wide ResNet, and PyramidNet. An important key is to achieve stability of training. Because effective regularization often causes unstable training, we introduce a training stabilizer, which is an unusual use of an existing regularizer. Through experiments under various conditions, we demonstrate the conditions under which ShakeDrop works well.
Three Patterns that Help Explain the Development of Software Engineering
Creators: name: Shaw, Mary
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The term "software engineering" came to prominence when it was used as the name of a NATO workshop in 1968. It was used then to draw attention to software development problems. It was then, as to a large extent it remains now, a phrase of aspiration, not of description. In the intervening years, the focus of the academic community (though not so much the industrial software development community) has shifted from simply writing programs to analyzing and reasoning about large distributed systems of software and data the come from diverse sources. I see three simple patterns that have guided this development. Each of these provides partial explanations, but none is either comprehensive enough or rich enough to be in and of itself a full model. These notes describe those three patterns.
title: 02_0798
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
F-term uplifting and moduli stabilization consistent with Kahler invariance
Creators: name: Achucarro, Ana
name: Sousa, Kepa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An important ingredient in the construction of phenomenologically viable superstring models is the uplifting of Anti-de Sitter supersymmetric critical points in the moduli sector to metastable Minkowski or de Sitter vacua with broken supersymmetry. In all cases described so far, uplifting results in a displacement of the potential minimum away from the critical point and, if the uplifting is large, can lead to the disappearance of the minimum altogether. We propose a variant of F-term uplifting which exactly preserves supersymmetric critical points and shift symmetries at tree level. In spite of a direct coupling, the moduli do not contribute to supersymmetry breaking. We analyse the stability of the critical points in a toy one-modulus sector before and after uplifting, and find a simple stability condition depending solely on the amount of uplifting and not on the details of the uplifting sector. There is a region of parameter space, corresponding to the uplifting of local AdS {\em maxima} --or, more importantly, local minima of the Kahler function-- where the critical points are stable for any amount of uplifting. On the other hand, uplifting to (non- supersymmetric) Minkowski space is special in that all SUSY critical points, that is, for all possible compactifications, become stable or neutrally stable.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure
Dice and Pulsars
Creators: name: Kontorovich, Victor M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pulse sequence is interpreted as a realization of a random electron discharge process in a vacuum gap over the polar cap (PC) - the open magnetic force line region on the neutron star surface. This point of view is illustrated by an example based on the dice. The generators of the random numbers are a cube and a coin. Throwing of dice and coin tossing determine the discharge places on the "light" and "dark" sides of PC, and correspondingly - the "shape" of the individual pulses and their statistical properties The physical mechanism giving such discharge scheme is shortly discussed. It may be a charge drained down from a sharp top of surface waves in a parallel electric field on the liquid PC surface of a neutron star.
description: 5 pages, 8 figures
On weak Lie 2-algebras
Creators: name: Roytenberg, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B55 (Primary) 18G55, 58H15, 55U15, 17B81 (Secondary)

description: A Lie 2-algebra is a linear category equipped with a functorial bilinear operation satisfying skew-symmetry and Jacobi identity up to natural transformations which themselves obey coherence laws of their own. Functors and natural transformations between Lie 2-algebras can also be defined, yielding a 2-category. Passing to the normalized chain complex gives an equivalence of 2-categories between Lie 2-algebras and 2-term "homotopy everything" Lie algebras; for strictly skew-symmetric Lie 2-algebras, these reduce to $L_\infty$-algebras, by a result of Baez and Crans. Lie 2-algebras appear naturally as infinitesimal symmetries of solutions of the Maurer--Cartan equation in some differential graded Lie algebras and $L_\infty$-algebras. In particular, (quasi-) Poisson manifolds, (quasi-) Lie bialgebroids and Courant algebroids provide large classes of examples.
description: Based on my talk at the Bialowieza workshop, July 2007
Molecular characterization and transcriptional analysis of a crustacean heat shock protein 10 gene in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei
Creators: name: Wang, M Q
name: Wang, B J
name: Jiang, Ke Y
name: Liu, M
name: Han, Si Y
name: Wang, L
Publisher: name: Invertebrate Survival Journal
Year: 2017

description: Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are the most abundant and ubiquitous soluble intracellular proteins which conserved phylogenetically in all living organisms from archaebacteria to humans. Recent research achievements indicated that HSP10s might not only be involved in the responses to environmental stresses, but also play a pivotal role in the host defenses mechanism. In the present study, a cDNA of 715 bp for the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei HSP10 (designated as LvHSP10) was cloned via rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technique. The complete cDNA sequence of LvHSP10 contained an open reading frame (ORF) of 309 bp, which encoded a protein of 102 amino acids. The protein sequence of LvHSP10 shared over 80 % similarity with previously identified HSP10s. There were a CPN10 domain and a chaperonins HSP10/CPN10 signature in the protein sequence of LvHSP10. The mRNA transcripts of LvHSP10 were constitutively expressed in all the tested tissues, including eyestalk, gill, gonad, heart, hemocytes, hepatopancreas, intestine, muscle, nerve and stomach, with the highest expression level in hepatopancreas. The mRNA expression profiles of LvHSP10 in hepatopancreas could be significantly induced by the stimulation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), and low and high pH challenge. These results provided useful information of the potential roles of LvHSP10 in the defense mechanism of shrimp against various biological stimulations and multiple environmental stresses.
description: Invertebrate Survival Journal, Vol 14 No 1 (2017)
title: COMPARISON OF H alpha AND UV STAR FORMATION RATES IN THE LOCAL VOLUME: SYSTEMATIC DISCREPANCIES FOR DWARF GALAXIES
Creators: name: Lee, JC
name: De Paz, AG
name: Tremonti, C
name: Kennicutt, RC
name: Salim, S
name: Bothwell, M
name: Calzetti, D
name: Dalcanton, J
name: Dale, D
name: Engelbracht, C
name: Funes, SJJG
name: Johnson, B
name: Sakai, S
name: Skillman, E
name: Van Zee, L
name: Walter, F
name: Weisz, D
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: galaxies: dwarf
subject: galaxies: evolution
subject: galaxies: photometry
subject: stars: formation
subject: surveys
subject: ultraviolet: galaxies
subject: Astrophysics and Astronomy

description: This is the pre-published version harvested from arXiv. The published version is located at http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/706/1/599/
description: Using a complete sample of ~300 star-forming galaxies within 11 Mpc of the Milky Way, we evaluate the consistency between star formation rates (SFRs) inferred from the far ultraviolet (FUV) non-ionizing continuum and Hα nebular emission, assuming standard conversion recipes in which the SFR scales linearly with luminosity at a given wavelength. Our analysis probes SFRs over 5 orders of magnitude, down to ultra-low activities on the order of ~10-4 M sun yr-1. The data are drawn from the 11 Mpc Hα and Ultraviolet Galaxy Survey (11HUGS), which has obtained Hα fluxes from ground-based narrowband imaging, and UV fluxes from imaging with GALEX. For normal spiral galaxies (SFR ~ 1 M sun yr-1), our results are consistent with previous work which has shown that FUV SFRs tend to be lower than Hα SFRs before accounting for internal dust attenuation, but that there is relative consistency between the two tracers after proper corrections are applied. However, a puzzle is encountered at the faint end of the luminosity function. As lower luminosity dwarf galaxies, roughly less active than the Small Magellanic Cloud, are examined, Hα tends to increasingly underpredict the total SFR relative to the FUV. The trend is evident prior to corrections for dust attenuation, which affects the FUV more than the nebular Hα emission, so this general conclusion is robust to the effects of dust. Although past studies have suggested similar trends, this is the first time this effect is probed with a statistical sample for galaxies with SFR lsim 0.1 M sun yr-1. By SFR ~ 0.003 M sun yr-1, the average Hα-to-FUV flux ratio is lower than expected by a factor of two, and at the lowest SFRs probed, the ratio exhibits an order of magnitude discrepancy for the handful of galaxies that remain in the sample. A range of standard explanations does not appear to be able to fully account for the magnitude of the systematic. Some recent work has argued for a stellar initial mass function which is deficient in high-mass stars in dwarf and low surface brightness galaxies, and we also consider this scenario. Under the assumption that the FUV traces the SFR in dwarf galaxies more robustly, the prescription relating Hα luminosity to SFR is re-calibrated for use in the low SFR regime when FUV data are not available.
Evidence of Gate-Tunable Mott Insulator in Trilayer Graphene-Boron Nitride Moiré Superlattice
Creators: name: Chen, Guorui
name: Jiang, Lili
name: Wu, Shuang
name: Lyu, Bosai
name: Li, Hongyuan
name: Chittari, Bheema Lingam
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Shi, Zhiwen
name: Jung, Jeil
name: Zhang, Yuanbo
name: Wang, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mott insulator plays a central role in strongly correlated physics, where the repulsive Coulomb interaction dominates over the electron kinetic energy and leads to insulating states with one electron occupying each unit cell. Doped Mott insulator is often described by the Hubbard model3, which can give rise to other correlated phenomena such as unusual magnetism and even high-temperature superconductivity. A tunable Mott insulator, where the competition between the Coulomb interaction and the kinetic energy can be varied in situ, can provide an invaluable model system for the study of Mott physics. Here we report the realization of such a tunable Mott insulator in the ABC trilayer graphene (TLG) and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) heterostructure with a moiré superlattice. Unlike massless Dirac electrons in monolayer graphene, electrons in pristine ABC TLG are characterized by quartic energy dispersion and large effective mass that are conducive for strongly correlated phenomena. The moiré superlattice in TLG/hBN heterostructures leads to narrow electronic minibands that are gate tunable. Each filled miniband contains 4 electrons in one moiré lattice site due to the spin and valley degeneracy of graphene. The Mott insulator states emerge at 1/4 and 1/2 fillings, corresponding to one electron and two electrons per site, respectively. Moreover, the Mott states in the ABC TLG/hBN heterostructure exhibit unprecedented tunability: the Mott gap can be modulated in situ by a vertical electrical field, and at the meantime, the electron doping can be gate-tuned to fill the band from one Mott insulating state to another. Our observation of a tunable Mott insulator opens up exciting opportunities to explore novel strongly correlated phenomena in two-dimensional moiré superlattice heterostructures.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Flat-brane Compactifications in Supergravity Induced by Scalars
Creators: name: Kehagias, Alex
name: Mattheopoulou, Constantina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss flat compactifications of supergravities in diverse dimensions in the presence of branes. The compactification is induced by the scalar fields of supergravity and it is such that there is no relic cosmological constant on the brane, rendering this way the latter flat. We discuss in particular the D=4, $N=2,4$ and D=8, N=1 supergravities with $n=1,2,3$ vector multiplets where the scalar manifolds are Grassmannian cosets of the form $SO(2,n)/SO(2)\times SO(n)$. By introducing branes at certain points in the transverse space, finite energy solutions to the field equations are constructed. Some of the solutions we present may be interpreted as intersecting branes.
description: 26 pages