cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Ant Chromosome database – ACdb: an online resource for ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) chromosome researchers
Creators: name: Cardoso, Danon Clemes
name: Santos, Haroldo Gambini
name: Cristiano, Maykon Passos
Publisher: name: The Austrian Society of Entomofaunistics
Year: 2018

description: Ants are an important and diverse natural insect group exhibiting astonishing variation in chromosome number and structure. Their haploid chromosome numbers range from n = 1 to n = 60 and include diverse karyotypes comprising various different types of chromosome. This marked variation first attracted attention over 40 years ago, and has led to several theories concerning the evolution of chromosome change and the manner in which it may have promoted and contributed to ant species diversification. Despite the significance of ants, their chromosome numbers have been only sporadically documented and assembled. We present here the Ant Chromosome database – ACdb (www.ants.ufop.br), which was conceived as a regularly updated online tool for rapid access to data regarding ant karyology. ACdb is an easy-to-use database which will advance the accession and dissemination of cytogenetic knowledge of the Formicidae. At present, it contains 1080 entries of chromosome and karyotype data for 520 named species from 134 genera in 11 subfamilies. Basic information on karyotypes and chromosome numbers is provided, along with relevant karyotype formulae, which summarize chromosomal structure. ACdb highlights the challenge to ant cytogeneticists to improve the available chromosome knowledge of the Formicidae. Chromosome counts are still lacking in several subfamilies and many genera, while banding data are unavailable for most ant species. We trust that the database will inspire efforts to improve cytogenetic knowledge of these significant insects.
Minimizing Age of Incorrect Information for Unreliable Channel with Power Constraint
Creators: name: Chen, Yutao
name: Ephremides, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Age of Incorrect Information (AoII) is a newly introduced performance metric that considers communication goals. Therefore, comparing with traditional performance metrics and the recently introduced metric - Age of Information (AoI), AoII achieves better performance in many real-life applications. However, the fundamental nature of AoII has been elusive so far. In this paper, we consider the AoII in a system where a transmitter sends updates about a multi-state Markovian source to a remote receiver through an unreliable channel. The communication goal is to minimize AoII subject to a power constraint. We cast the problem into a Constrained Markov Decision Process (CMDP) and prove that the optimal policy is a mixture of two deterministic threshold policies. Afterward, by leveraging the notion of Relative Value Iteration (RVI) and the structural properties of threshold policy, we propose an efficient algorithm to find the threshold policies as well as the mixing coefficient. Lastly, numerical results are laid out to highlight the performance of AoII-optimal policy.
title: Das Europäische Sprachenportfolio für junge Erwachsene (ESP 15+) im Fremdsprachenunterricht als Instrument zur Förderung von autonomen und weiterführenden Lernen
Creators: name: Kraus, Natalie
Year: 2011

description: Hinter dem Begriff ‚Autonomes Lernen’, welcher im Diskurs der gegenwärtigen Sprachendidaktik nicht mehr wegzudenken ist, verbirgt sich ein komplexes Konzept. Es entwickelte sich gemeinsam mit der Kommunikativen Didaktik Ende der 1970er Jahre (vgl. Neuner-Afindsen 2005: 14) und wurde von Henri Holec weitgehend durch die folgende Definition geprägt: […] dans l’apprentissage des langues, l’autonomie est donc la capacité de prendre en charge son propre apprentissage (Holec 1979: 3, zitiert in Schmelter 2004: 264). Um für sein eigenes Lernen Verantwortung zu übernehmen, ist vor allem das Wissen über den metakognitiven Lernprozess - Planen, Überwachen, Bewerten - von Bedeutung. Das Europäische Sprachenportfolio für junge Erwachsene (ESP 15+) stellt ein unterstützendes Instrument zur Förderung des Bewusstseins für autonomes und weiterführendes Lernen dar. Die Durchführung zweier Gruppendiskussionen mit jugendlichen und erwachsenen Französischlernenden gab interessante Einblicke, wie das ESP 15+ den BenutzerInnen dazu verhelfen kann, metakognitive Lernstrategien im Sinne eines autonomen Lernprozesses einzusetzen. Die empirische Forschungsarbeit beruht auf einem eigens kreierten Konstrukt, welches sich auf die theoretischen Ansätze von Oxford (1990) und O’Malley & Chamot (1990) stützt.
ESS Target Moderator Cryogenic Plant : Process Design
Creators: name: Zenklusen, A.
name: Jurns, J.
name: Arnold, P.
name: Quack, H.
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2017

description: The European Spallation Source (ESS) project is a neutron spallation source facility currently under construction outside Lund, Sweden. The ESS accelerator will deliver a 5 MW proton beam to a spallation target at 2.0 GeV with a nominal current of 62.5 mA to generate fast neutrons. The cooling of the spallation target with liquid hydrogen circulating in the cryogenic moderator system (CMS) transforms these fast neutrons to slow neutrons which compose the useful radiation. The liquid hydrogen itself is cooled by a helium refrigeration cycle, the target moderator cryogenic plant (TMCP) providing cooling capacity in a wide range of  2.3-31.8 kW at 15-20 K. TMCP's maximum cooling capacity of 31.8 kW will make it the world's largest plant of its kind. The TMCP project is challenging in many ways. The heat load of the CMS has to be removed precisely all the time by the TMCP. In addition the TMCP has to meet highly dynamic requirements as the heat load ceases quickly in case the proton beam trips off. Furthermore transitions within the wide cooling capacity range have to be achieved seamlessly. In this talk the progress of the TMCP engineering is summarized. Process design, control strategies, machine concept and layout are presented.
Sorted Range Reporting and Range Minima Queries
Creators: name: Akram, Waseem
name: Saxena, Sanjeev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given an array A[1: n] of n elements drawn from an ordered set, the sorted range selection problem is to build a data structure that can be used to answer the following type of queries efficiently: Given a pair of indices i, j $ (1\le i\le j \le n)$, and a positive integer k, report the k smallest elements from the sub-array A[i: j] in order. Brodal et al. (Brodal, G.S., Fagerberg, R., Greve, M., and L{ó}pez-Ortiz, A., Online sorted range reporting. Algorithms and Computation (2009) pp. 173--182) introduced the problem and gave an optimal solution. After O(n log n) time for preprocessing, the query time is O(k). The space used is O(n).
 In this paper, we propose the only other possible optimal trade-off for the problem. We present a linear space solution to the problem that takes O(k log k) time to answer a range selection query. The preprocessing time is O(n). Moreover, the proposed algorithm reports the output elements one by one in non-decreasing order. Our solution is simple and practical.
 We also describe an extremely simple method for range minima queries (most of whose parts are known) which takes al most (but not exactly) linear time. We believe that this method may be, in practice, faster and easier to implement in most cases.
MMP++: Motion Manifold Primitives with Parametric Curve Models
Creators: name: Lee, Yonghyeon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Motion Manifold Primitives (MMP), a manifold-based approach for encoding basic motion skills, can produce diverse trajectories, enabling the system to adapt to unseen constraints. Nonetheless, we argue that current MMP models lack crucial functionalities of movement primitives, such as temporal and via-points modulation, found in traditional approaches. This shortfall primarily stems from MMP's reliance on discrete-time trajectories. To overcome these limitations, we introduce Motion Manifold Primitives++ (MMP++), a new model that integrates the strengths of both MMP and traditional methods by incorporating parametric curve representations into the MMP framework. Furthermore, we identify a significant challenge with MMP++: performance degradation due to geometric distortions in the latent space, meaning that similar motions are not closely positioned. To address this, Isometric Motion Manifold Primitives++ (IMMP++) is proposed to ensure the latent space accurately preserves the manifold's geometry. Our experimental results across various applications, including 2-DoF planar motions, 7-DoF robot arm motions, and SE(3) trajectory planning, show that MMP++ and IMMP++ outperform existing methods in trajectory generation tasks, achieving substantial improvements in some cases. Moreover, they enable the modulation of latent coordinates and via-points, thereby allowing efficient online adaptation to dynamic environments.
description: 15 pages. The paper will appear in the IEEE Transactions on Robotics
Corrected Bell and Noncontextuality Inequalities for Realistic Experiments
Creators: name: Vallée, Kim
name: Emeriau, Pierre-Emmanuel
name: Bourdoncle, Boris
name: Sohbi, Adel
name: Mansfield, Shane
name: Markham, Damian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Contextuality is a feature of quantum correlations. It is crucial from a foundational perspective as a nonclassical phenomenon, and from an applied perspective as a resource for quantum advantage. It is commonly defined in terms of hidden variables, for which it forces a contradiction with the assumptions of parameter-independence and determinism. The former can be justified by the empirical property of non-signalling or non-disturbance, and the latter by the empirical property of measurement sharpness. However, in realistic experiments neither empirical property holds exactly, which leads to possible objections to contextuality as a form of nonclassicality, and potential vulnerabilities for supposed quantum advantages. We introduce measures to quantify both properties, and introduce quantified relaxations of the corresponding assumptions. We prove the continuity of a known measure of contextuality, the contextual fraction, which ensures its robustness to noise. We then bound the extent to which these relaxations can account for contextuality, via corrections terms to the contextual fraction (or to any noncontextuality inequality), culminating in a notion of genuine contextuality, which is robust to experimental imperfections. We then show that our result is general enough to apply or relate to a variety of established results and experimental setups.
description: v2: accepted for publication in PTRSA; 20 pages + 14 pages of appendices, 3 figures
Cooling Requirements of Superconducting Power Cables
Creators: name: Noe, Mathias
name: Kottonau, Dustin
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2017

description: Superconducting cables have been built and tested for voltages larger than 100 kV, currents up to 5 kA and a length of up to 1 km. Within long term field tests, superconducting power cables have shown that they can fulfill all technical and operational requirements. This resulted in an increased interest for more applications and in contrast to the voltage and current design parameters, the cooling design parameters of a superconducting cable depend mainly on the length of the cable and the heat input. These parameters have to be adapted to each cable to fulfil the specification. This presentation gives an overview on cable specifications and requirements and points out specific cooling requirements. For two different examples of a medium and high voltage cable, design options are presented and discussed. It can be seen that the different loss contributions differ very much between medium and high voltage cables and that for example the interconnection between specification and maximum length before re-cooling needs a careful investigation. Finally, a design procedure is proposed that considers main specification and cooling requirements.
Explainability Auditing for Intelligent Systems: A Rationale for Multi-Disciplinary Perspectives
Creators: name: Langer, Markus
name: Baum, Kevin
name: Hartmann, Kathrin
name: Hessel, Stefan
name: Speith, Timo
name: Wahl, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: National and international guidelines for trustworthy artificial intelligence (AI) consider explainability to be a central facet of trustworthy systems. This paper outlines a multi-disciplinary rationale for explainability auditing. Specifically, we propose that explainability auditing can ensure the quality of explainability of systems in applied contexts and can be the basis for certification as a means to communicate whether systems meet certain explainability standards and requirements. Moreover, we emphasize that explainability auditing needs to take a multi-disciplinary perspective, and we provide an overview of four perspectives (technical, psychological, ethical, legal) and their respective benefits with respect to explainability auditing.
description: Accepted at the First International Workshop on Requirements Engineering for Explainable Systems (RE4ES) co-located with the 29th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE'21)
Resummation of local and non-local scalar self energies via the Schwinger-Dyson equation in de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Sourav
name: Joshi, Nitin
name: Roy, Kinsuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a massless and minimally coupled self interacting quantum scalar field in the inflationary de Sitter spacetime. The scalar potential is taken to be a hybrid, $V(ϕ)= λϕ^4/4!+βϕ^3/3!$ ($λ>0$). Compared to the earlier well studied $β=0$ case, the present potential has a rolling down effect due to the $ϕ^3$ term, along with the usual bounding effect due to the $ϕ^4$ term. We begin by constructing the Schwinger-Dyson equation for the scalar Feynman propagator up to two loop, at ${\cal O}(λ)$, ${\cal O}(β^2)$, ${\cal O}(λ^2)$ and ${\cal O}(λβ^2)$. We consider first the local part of the scalar self energy and compute the rest mass squared of the scalar field, dynamically generated via the late time non-perturbative secular logarithms, by resumming the daisy-like graphs. The logarithms associated here are sub-leading, compared to those associated with the non-local, leading terms. We also argue that unlike the quartic case, considering merely the one loop results for the purpose of resummation does not give us any sensible result here. We next construct the non-perturbative two particle irreducible effective action up to three loop and derive from it the Schwinger-Dyson equation once again. This equation is satisfied by the non-perturbative Feynman propagator. By series expanding this propagator, the resummed local part of the self energy is shown to yield the same dynamical mass as that of the above. We next use this equation to resum the effect of the non-local part of the scalar self energy, and show that even though the perturbatively corrected propagator shows secular growth at late times, there exists one resummed solution which is vanishing for large spatial separations, in qualitative agreement with that of the stochastic formalism.
description: v2, 31pp, 11 figs; added references, discussion and clarifications; accepted in GRG
title: Developing a Library Collection in Bioinformatics: Support for an Evolving Profession
title: In Library Collection Development for Professional Programs: Trends and Best Practices, edited by Sarah Holder, McGill University, Canada
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Martin, Victoria
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biology, Bioinformatics (0715)
subject: Collection management
subject: Academic Libraries
subject: Library Acquisitions
subject: Collection development
subject: Biological research
subject: Scholarly communication
subject: Biologists
subject: Bioinformaticians - information needs
subject: Bioinformaticians - information seeking behavior
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Molecular biology databases
subject: Open access

description: This chapter provides guidelines for developing a university library collection for bioinformatics programs. The chapter discusses current research and scholarly communication trends in bioinformatics and their impact on information needs and information seeking behavior of bioinformaticians and, consequently, on collection development. It also discusses the criteria for making collection development decisions that are largely influenced by the interdisciplinary nature of the field. The types of information resources most frequently used by bioinformaticians are described, specific resources are suggested, and creative options aimed at finding ways for a bioinformatics library collection to expand in the digital era are explored. The author draws on literature in bioinformatics and the library and information sciences as well as on her ten years of experience providing bioinformatics user services at George Mason University. The chapter is geared towards practicing librarians who are charged with developing a collection for bioinformatics academic programs as well as future librarians taking courses on collection development and academic librarianship.
description: https://www.igi-global.com/chapter/developing-library-collection-bioinformatics/67945
title: Politik mit dem Einkaufswagen
Creators: name: Singer, Claudia
Year: 2011

description: Das Ziel der Arbeit war herauszufinden, welche offizielle Politik des nachhaltigen Konsums die Europäische Union verfolgt. Für die Untersuchung wurde eine Textanalyse der Grundlagendokumente zum Thema nachhaltiger Konsum vorgenommen. In einem weiteren Schritt wurde das daraus ermittelte Konzept dem sozialwissenschaftlichen Ansprüchen an den nachhaltigen Konsum gegenübergestellt, um die Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede sowie Stärken und Schwächen des Konzepts der EU herauszuarbeiten. Die Analyse zeigte, dass der Fokus der EU vielmehr auf dem ökologischen Konsum – denn auf dem nachhaltigen Konsum – liegt. Ebenso setzt die EU-Politik auf einen effizienten Energie- und Ressourceneinsatz, vernachlässigt jedoch Konsumgewohnheiten als solche. Damit verfolgt die EU einen Ansatz der schwachen Nachhaltigkeit. Im Hinblick auf konsumentenbezogene Politik, verfolgt die EU das Verbraucherbild der mündigen KonsumentInnen, die mithilfe ihrer Kaufkraft nachhaltigen Konsum steuern. Zuletzt ergab die Untersuchung, dass in der Politik der EU auch der öffentlichen Verwaltung eine Rolle bei der Etablierung nachhaltigen Konsums zukommt.
description: The purpose of this thesis was to investigate, which policy the European Union actually pursue in terms of sustainable consumption. Identifying the core characteristics of sustainable consumption policy within the basic documents by means of a text analysis shows the actual concept of the EU. In order to evaluate the outcomes in terms of their strengths and weaknesses the concept gets confronted with the academic standards of sustainable consumption. The examination shows that the EU focuses on ecological – instead of sustainable – consumption. Also, the EU relies on the efficient use of material and energy. However, the concept disregards patterns of consumption as such. These findings point to a weak sustainability approach. Regarding consumer related policy, the EU relies on the image of the responsible consumer controlling sustainable consumption by means of purchasing power. Finally, the examination shows that public administration plays a major role in terms of the establishment of sustainable consumption.
Composite Goodness-of-fit Tests with Kernels
Creators: name: Key, Oscar
name: Gretton, Arthur
name: Briol, François-Xavier
name: Fernandez, Tamara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Model misspecification can create significant challenges for the implementation of probabilistic models, and this has led to development of a range of robust methods which directly account for this issue. However, whether these more involved methods are required will depend on whether the model is really misspecified, and there is a lack of generally applicable methods to answer this question. In this paper, we propose one such method. More precisely, we propose kernel-based hypothesis tests for the challenging composite testing problem, where we are interested in whether the data comes from any distribution in some parametric family. Our tests make use of minimum distance estimators based on the maximum mean discrepancy and the kernel Stein discrepancy. They are widely applicable, including whenever the density of the parametric model is known up to normalisation constant, or if the model takes the form of a simulator. As our main result, we show that we are able to estimate the parameter and conduct our test on the same data (without data splitting), while maintaining a correct test level. Our approach is illustrated on a range of problems, including testing for goodness-of-fit of an unnormalised non-parametric density model, and an intractable generative model of a biological cellular network.
1 Brief an Lieber Alter [Wilhelm Fischer]
Creators: name: Wagner, Richard
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1853

description: von R[ichard] W[agner]
description: Beilagen: "Aenderung im Schluss des Tannhäuser von der entsprechenden Stelle im alten Texte an", 1 amtlich beglaubigte Bestätigung von Otto Lessmann über den Erwerb des Briefes 1884 vom Sohn Fischers
Theory of spin center sensing of diffusion
Creators: name: Candido, Denis R.
name: Flatté, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface electric (charge) noise influences spin defects due to fluctuation of the surface charge density and also the electrostatic potential at the crystal surface. Surprisingly, the two-point correlation function of both the charged particles' positions and the surface electrostatic potential strongly influences the power of the polynomial decay of the electric noise spectral density; this power is not determined solely by the character of the charge fluctuators. Time-dependent crossover behavior near the correlation time of the fluctuators, of the spin defect's relaxation and decoherence, provide a quantitative fingerprint of the diffusive behavior of charged particles at the surface.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
A liquid nitrogen-cooled cryostat for multichannel HTS magnetoencephalography
Creators: name: Pfeiffer, Christoph
name: Ruffieux, Silvia
name: Schneiderman, Justin F.
name: Chukharkin, Maxim L.
name: Kalaboukhov, Alexei
name: Xie, Minshu
name: Winkler, Dag
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2017

description: Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a functional neuroimaging technology used in neuroscience as well as in the diagnosis and treatment of brain disorders like epilepsy and for surgical planning. In MEG neural activity is measured by sensing the weak magnetic fields (~10s to 100s of femtotesla) that are generated by neural currents in the brain. Highly sensitive magnetic field sensors are required for MEG. Today’s commercial systems therefore employ liquid helium-cooled low-Tc SQUIDs. With advances in high-temperature superconducting (HTS) technology high-Tc SQUIDs have become a serious alternative. Due to the higher operating temperature they can be placed closer to the head and therefore measure higher magnitude signals than low-Tc SQUIDs that must record from further away – thus enabling them to overcome the typically higher noise compared to their commercial counterparts [1]. We have developed a liquid nitrogen-cooled cryostat for a 7-channel HTS MEG system. The cryostat is designed for minimum distance between the cold (~77 K) SQUIDs and the head of a subject at room temperature. With superinsulation around the nitrogen vessel and a small vacuum space between the sensors and a thin window, we can achieve minimum sensor-to-head distances of less than 3 mm. The magnetometers are arranged in a dense hexagonal pattern for high spatial sampling of a small area of the head (≈ 15 cm2). The outer sensors are tilted towards the middle to align them to the average adult head’s curvature. The sensor tilt combined with a thin, curved window ensures minimal distance to the head for all sensors. The system employs 10 mm × 10 mm bicrystal dc SQUIDs made from YBa2Cu3O7-x with direct injection feedback (to minimize crosstalk [2]). The SQUIDs are thermally connected to liquid nitrogen via a sapphire fixture. To control temperature the nitrogen reservoir can be pumped on. The cryostat achieves high temperature stability (<0.1K) over long measurement times (>18h with a single filling). We will present the design and performance of the cryostat and show results from measurements on a head phantom.
 
[1] Schneiderman, J. Neurosci. Methods 222, 42-46 (2014)
[2] Ruffieux, Supercond. Sci. Technol. 30, 054006 (2017)
Quantum algorithms for computing observables of nonlinear partial differential equations
Creators: name: Jin, Shi
name: Liu, Nana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct quantum algorithms to compute physical observables of nonlinear PDEs with M initial data. Based on an exact mapping between nonlinear and linear PDEs using the level set method, these new quantum algorithms for nonlinear Hamilton-Jacobi and scalar hyperbolic PDEs can be performed with a computational cost that is independent of M, for arbitrary nonlinearity. Depending on the details of the initial data, it can also display up to exponential advantage in both the dimension of the PDE and the error in computing its observables. For general nonlinear PDEs, quantum advantage with respect to M is possible in the large M limit.
Dipole-dipole correlations in the nematic phases of symmetric cyanobiphenyl dimers and their binary mixtures with 5CB
Creators: name: Zavvou, Evangelia E.
name: Ramou, Efthymia
name: Ahmed, Ziauddin
name: Welch, Chris
name: Mehl, Georg H.
name: Vanakaras, Alexandros G.
name: Karahaliou, Panagiota K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the temperature dependence of birefringence and of the static dielectric permittivity tensor in a series of binary mixtures between the symmetric, bent-shaped, 1",9"-bis(4-cyanobiphenyl-4'-yl) nonane (CB9CB) dimer and the monomeric nematogen 5CB. In the studied composition range the mixtures exhibit two nematic phases with distinct birefringence and dielectric features. Birefringence measurements are used to estimate the temperature dependence of the tilt between the axis defining the nanoscale helical modulation of the low temperature nematic phase with the (local) direction of the maximal alignment of the cyanobiphenyl units. Planar as well as magnetically and/or electrically aligned samples are used to measure the perpendicular and parallel components of the dielectric permittivity in both nematic phases. A self-consistent molecular field theory that takes into account flexibility and symmetry of the constituent mesogens is introduced for the calculation of order parameters and intra-molecular orientational dipolar correlations of the flexible dimers as a function of temperature/concentration. Utilising the tilt angle, as calculated from the birefringence measurements, and the predictions of the molecular theory, dielectric permittivity is modelled in the framework of the anisotropic version of the Kirkwood-Frohlich theory. Using the inter-molecular Kirkwood correlation factors as adjustable parameters, excellent agreement between theory and permittivity measurements across the whole temperature range and composition of the mixtures is obtained. The importance of the orientational, intra- and inter-molecular, dipolar correlations, their relative impact on the static dielectric properties, as well as their connection with the local structure of the nematic phases of bent-shaped bimesogens, is discussed.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures and 4 pages supporting information with 5 figures
Bericht über die Auseinandersetzung um das dem Bischof von Basel gewidmete Vorwort des Nicolaus Stupanus zur 1580 bei Pietro Perna erschienenen zweiten Ausgabe von Machiavellis "Principe"
Creators: name: Amerbach, Basilius
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1580
Subjects: Stupanus, Johann Niklaus1542-1621
Perna, Peter1520-1582
Hotman, François1524-1590
Blarer von Wartensee, Jakob Christoph1542-1608

description: Basilius Amerbach verwahrt sich zusätzlich dagegen, dass Pietro Perna jemals François Hotman als Verfasser der Schrift "Vindiciae contra tyrannos" ausgegeben habe oder dass Amerbach selber etwas derartiges behauptet habe. Vgl. Kaegi 1940, S. 5ff. - Auf S. 666 Notizen zu einem anderen, nicht identifizierbaren Fall, u.a. betr. Gültigkeit der Zeugenaussagen von Kindern. - Zensur.
description: Basilius Amerbach
description: Kauf 1661 Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Kaegi, Werner. - Machiavelli in Basel / Werner Kaegi. - In: Basler Zeitschrift für Geschichte und Altertumskunde, Bd. 39 (1940), S. 5-51
description: Gábor Almási (2016): Experientia and the Machiavellian turn in religiopolitical and scientific thinking: Basel in 1580, History of European Ideas Druck
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Hans Berner
description: Digitalisierung=Digitization=Numérisation TIFF 01.03.2015
SuperAnimal pretrained pose estimation models for behavioral analysis
Creators: name: Ye, Shaokai
name: Filippova, Anastasiia
name: Lauer, Jessy
name: Schneider, Steffen
name: Vidal, Maxime
name: Qiu, Tian
name: Mathis, Alexander
name: Mathis, Mackenzie Weygandt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Quantification of behavior is critical in applications ranging from neuroscience, veterinary medicine and animal conservation efforts. A common key step for behavioral analysis is first extracting relevant keypoints on animals, known as pose estimation. However, reliable inference of poses currently requires domain knowledge and manual labeling effort to build supervised models. We present a series of technical innovations that enable a new method, collectively called SuperAnimal, to develop unified foundation models that can be used on over 45 species, without additional human labels. Concretely, we introduce a method to unify the keypoint space across differently labeled datasets (via our generalized data converter) and for training these diverse datasets in a manner such that they don't catastrophically forget keypoints given the unbalanced inputs (via our keypoint gradient masking and memory replay approaches). These models show excellent performance across six pose benchmarks. Then, to ensure maximal usability for end-users, we demonstrate how to fine-tune the models on differently labeled data and provide tooling for unsupervised video adaptation to boost performance and decrease jitter across frames. If the models are fine-tuned, we show SuperAnimal models are 10-100$\times$ more data efficient than prior transfer-learning-based approaches. We illustrate the utility of our models in behavioral classification in mice and gait analysis in horses. Collectively, this presents a data-efficient solution for animal pose estimation.
description: Models and demos available at http://modelzoo.deeplabcut.org
Attacking Graph Neural Networks with Bit Flips: Weisfeiler and Lehman Go Indifferent
Creators: name: Kummer, Lorenz
name: Moustafa, Samir
name: Kriege, Nils N.
name: Gansterer, Wilfried N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Prior attacks on graph neural networks have mostly focused on graph poisoning and evasion, neglecting the network's weights and biases. Traditional weight-based fault injection attacks, such as bit flip attacks used for convolutional neural networks, do not consider the unique properties of graph neural networks. We propose the Injectivity Bit Flip Attack, the first bit flip attack designed specifically for graph neural networks. Our attack targets the learnable neighborhood aggregation functions in quantized message passing neural networks, degrading their ability to distinguish graph structures and losing the expressivity of the Weisfeiler-Lehman test. Our findings suggest that exploiting mathematical properties specific to certain graph neural network architectures can significantly increase their vulnerability to bit flip attacks. Injectivity Bit Flip Attacks can degrade the maximal expressive Graph Isomorphism Networks trained on various graph property prediction datasets to random output by flipping only a small fraction of the network's bits, demonstrating its higher destructive power compared to a bit flip attack transferred from convolutional neural networks. Our attack is transparent and motivated by theoretical insights which are confirmed by extensive empirical results.
Mühle an der Clemgia bei Schuls
Creators: name: Rahn, Johann Rudolf
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1905
Subjects: Mühle

description: Dargestellt wird die Mühle an der Clemgia bei Scuol, am Ausgang des Val S-charl, südlich von Scuol gelegen
description: J R Rahn
Development of a pneumatic GM cryocooler with dual-displacer
Creators: name: Bao, Qian
name: Xu, Mingyao
name: Morie, Takaaki
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2017

description: As an alternative to conventional low temperature superconducting (LTS) materials, high temperature superconducting (HTS) materials have the potential to significantly reduce the cooling cost due to their higher critical temperature. Usually proportional to the physical size of the cooling object, cost reduction is especially conspicuous in large scale applications including power transmission cable and power generator. On the other hand, relatively high cooling capacity, roughly around 102 W to 104 W, remains indispensable for most cryocooler consumers in HTS area. In order to fulfill this requirement, a single-stage, dual-displacer, pneumatic type GM cryocooler has been developed at Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd.(SHI). GM type cryocoolers can be more compact and efficient compared with the currently available large-scale Turbo-Brayton cryocoolers. The main difficulty, however, is that the force needed to drive the displacer increases with the cooling capacity at the same time, which leads to the scale-up of the housing and consequently impairs the reliability of the whole system. To overcome this problem, a pneumatic type design is proposed in which the driving force is substituted by the pressure difference of helium gas. Additionally, a novel concept, called dual-displacer structure, is introduced to further increase the cooling efficiency. Since supply and discharge timing is reversed in the two expansion spaces, the pressure oscillation amplitude at the compressor side is reduced and thus the overall efficiency of the cryocooler is improved. A prototype unit was designed, built and tested in 2016. As preliminary results, a cooling capacity of 550W at 80K was achieved with an input power of about 13 kW.  Detailed design concept and performance results will be presented in this report.
Learnable latent embeddings for joint behavioral and neural analysis
Creators: name: Schneider, Steffen
name: Lee, Jin Hwa
name: Mathis, Mackenzie Weygandt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Mapping behavioral actions to neural activity is a fundamental goal of neuroscience. As our ability to record large neural and behavioral data increases, there is growing interest in modeling neural dynamics during adaptive behaviors to probe neural representations. In particular, neural latent embeddings can reveal underlying correlates of behavior, yet, we lack non-linear techniques that can explicitly and flexibly leverage joint behavior and neural data. Here, we fill this gap with a novel method, CEBRA, that jointly uses behavioral and neural data in a hypothesis- or discovery-driven manner to produce consistent, high-performance latent spaces. We validate its accuracy and demonstrate our tool's utility for both calcium and electrophysiology datasets, across sensory and motor tasks, and in simple or complex behaviors across species. It allows for single and multi-session datasets to be leveraged for hypothesis testing or can be used label-free. Lastly, we show that CEBRA can be used for the mapping of space, uncovering complex kinematic features, and rapid, high-accuracy decoding of natural movies from visual cortex.
description: Website: cebra.ai
Phase space noncommutativity, power-law inflation and quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Rasouli, S. M. M.
name: Marto, João
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering an arbitrary dimensional FLRW universe in the framework of a generalized Sáez--Ballester (SB) theory, we establish a noncommutative (NC) cosmological model. We concentrate on the predictions of NC model and compare them with their commutative counterparts in both the classical and quantum regimes. For the classic case, taking a very small NC parameter, we apply two different methods to analyze the model features. First, we show through numerical analysis that our NC model is a successful inflationary model capable of overcoming the graceful exit and horizon problems. Furthermore, the NC traces are visible the late time, which supports the UV/IR mixing characteristic of the NC models. In the second method, we show that our NC model can correspond to the previously developed NC inflationary models. In the commutative quantum case, we obtain an exact wave function and then use the WKB approximation to show that the solutions of the corresponding classical regime are recovered. Finally, with regard to the NC quantum level, we focus on the special case for which we show that a constant of motion exists. The latter helps us to conveniently transform the corresponding complicated NC-WDW equation into an ordinary differential equation, which can be easily solved numerically for the general case or analytically for some special cases. The resultant solutions show a damping behavior in the wave function associated with the proposed NC model, which may be important in determining the viable initial states for the very early universe.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, published in Chaos, Solitons and Fractals
Canonical formulation for the thermodynamics of $sl_n$-invariant integrable spin chains
Creators: name: Tavares, T. S.
name: Passos, I. R.
name: Klümper, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integrable quantum spin chains display distinctive physical properties making them a laboratory to test and assess different states of matter. The study of the finite temperature properties is possible by use of the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz, however at the expense of dealing with non-linear integral equations for, in general, infinitely many auxiliary functions. The definition of an alternative finite set of auxiliary functions allowing for the complete description of their thermodynamic properties at finite temperature and fields has been elusive. Indeed, in the context of $sl_n$-invariant models satisfactory auxiliary functions have been established only for $n \leq 4$. In this paper we take a step further by proposing a systematic approach to generate finite sets of auxiliary functions for $sl_n$-invariant models. We refer to this construction as the canonical formulation. The numerical efficiency is illustrated for $n=5$, for which we present some of the thermodynamic properties of the corresponding spin chain.
description: 40 pages, 7 figures + supplemental material
Quantum Extremal Learning
Creators: name: Varsamopoulos, Savvas
name: Philip, Evan
name: van Vlijmen, Herman W. T.
name: Menon, Sairam
name: Vos, Ann
name: Dyubankova, Natalia
name: Torfs, Bert
name: Rowe, Anthony
name: Elfving, Vincent E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a quantum algorithm for `extremal learning', which is the process of finding the input to a hidden function that extremizes the function output, without having direct access to the hidden function, given only partial input-output (training) data. The algorithm, called quantum extremal learning (QEL), consists of a parametric quantum circuit that is variationally trained to model data input-output relationships and where a trainable quantum feature map, that encodes the input data, is analytically differentiated in order to find the coordinate that extremizes the model. This enables the combination of established quantum machine learning modelling with established quantum optimization, on a single circuit/quantum computer. We have tested our algorithm on a range of classical datasets based on either discrete or continuous input variables, both of which are compatible with the algorithm. In case of discrete variables, we test our algorithm on synthetic problems formulated based on Max-Cut problem generators and also considering higher order correlations in the input-output relationships. In case of the continuous variables, we test our algorithm on synthetic datasets in 1D and simple ordinary differential functions. We find that the algorithm is able to successfully find the extremal value of such problems, even when the training dataset is sparse or a small fraction of the input configuration space. We additionally show how the algorithm can be used for much more general cases of higher dimensionality, complex differential equations, and with full flexibility in the choice of both modeling and optimization ansatz. We envision that due to its general framework and simple construction, the QEL algorithm will be able to solve a wide variety of applications in different fields, opening up areas of further research.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures, initial version
Sinaphaenops Ueno & Wang 1991
Creators: name: Ma, Zijun
name: Huang, Sunbin
name: Tian, Mingyi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Sinaphaenops

description: Key to species of the banshanicus species group of the genus Sinaphaenops
(modified from Chen, Huang & Tian, 2020)
1 Right mandible tridentate, protibia with a longitudinal sulcus (subgenus Sinaphaenops (s. str.) Uéno & Wang)........... 2
- Right mandible bidentate, protibia without a longitudinal sulcus........................................................................... subgenera Thaumastaphaenops Magrini, Vanni & Zanon and Dongaphaenops Deuve & Tian
2 Body stouter, neck constriction comparatively wide.......................................................... 3
- Body slenderer, neck constriction distinctly narrow.................................... mirabilissimus species group
3 Pronotum with pair of lateral-marginal setae (banshanicus species group)......................................... 4
- Pronotum without lateral-marginal setae................................................. trisetiger species group
4. Pronotum shorter (Fig. 2A), male genitalia with a distinct sagittal aileron (Fig. 4)........ S. (s. str.) chengguangyuani n. sp.
- Pronotum longer (Fig. 2B, C), male genitalia without sagittal aileron............................................ 5
5 Hind angles acute......................................................... S. (s. str.) lipoi Chen, Huang & Tian
- Hind angles obtuse................................................... S. (s. str.) banshanicus Tian, Chen & Tang
description: Published as part of Ma, Zijun, Huang, Sunbin & Tian, Mingyi, 2020, Two new species of cavernicolous trechines from central Guizhou and northwestern Guangxi, China (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae), pp. 581-593 in Zootaxa 4861 (4) on page 587, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4861.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/4416789
[Bestätigung über den Erwerb des Briefes von Richard Wagner an Wilhelm Fischer vom 30.6.1853 vom Sohn Fischers]
Creators: name: Lessmann, Otto
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1884

description: Otto Lessmann ; [amtlich beglaubigt von] Julius Lazarus, Notar im Bezirk des Königl. Kammergerichts
description: Beilage zum Brief an Wilhelm Fischer vom 30.6.1853, WBV 1302
Enhanced Measurement of Neutral Atom Qubits with Machine Learning
Creators: name: Phuttitarn, L.
name: Becker, B. M.
name: Chinnarasu, R.
name: Graham, T. M.
name: Saffman, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate qubit state measurements assisted by a supervised convolutional neural network (CNN) in a neutral atom quantum processor. We present two CNN architectures for analyzing neutral atom qubit readout data: a compact 5-layer single-qubit CNN architecture and a 6-layer multi-qubit CNN architecture. We benchmark both architectures against a conventional Gaussian threshold analysis method. In a sparse array (9 μm atom separation) which experiences negligible crosstalk, we observed up to 32% and 56% error reduction for the multi-qubit and single-qubit architectures respectively, as compared to the benchmark. In a tightly spaced array (5 μm atom separation), which suffers from readout crosstalk, we observed up to 43% and 32% error reduction in the multi-qubit and single-qubit CNN architectures respectively, as compared to the benchmark. By examining the correlation between the predicted states of neighboring qubits, we found that the multi-qubit CNN architecture reduces the crosstalk correlation up to 78.5%. This work demonstrates a proof of concept for a CNN network to be implemented as a real-time readout processing method on a neutral atom quantum computer, enabling faster readout time and improved fidelity.
description: additional data added