cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Techno-economic analysis of renewable energy generation at the South Pole
Creators: name: Babinec, Susan
name: Baring-Gould, Ian
name: Bender, Amy N.
name: Blair, Nate
name: Li, Xiangkun
name: Muehleisen, Ralph T.
name: Olis, Dan
name: Ovaitt, Silvana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transitioning from fossil-fuel power generation to renewable energy generation and energy storage in remote locations has the potential to reduce both carbon emissions and cost. This study presents a techno-economic analysis for implementation of a hybrid renewable energy system at the South Pole in Antarctica, which currently hosts several high-energy physics experiments with nontrivial power needs. A tailored model of resource availability and economics for solar photovoltaics, wind turbine generators, lithium-ion energy storage, and long-duration energy storage at this site is explored in different combinations with and without existing diesel energy generation. The Renewable Energy Integration and Optimization (REopt) platform is used to determine the optimal system component sizing and the associated system economics and environmental benefit. We find that the least-cost system includes all three energy generation sources and lithium-ion energy storage. For an example steady-state load of 170 kW, this hybrid system includes 180 kW-DC of photovoltaic panels, 570 kW of wind turbines, and a 3.4 MWh lithium-ion battery energy storage system. This system reduces diesel consumption by 95% compared to an all-diesel configuration, resulting in approximately 1200 metric tons of carbon footprint avoided annually. Over the course of a 15-year analysis period the reduced diesel usage leads to a net savings of 57 million United States dollars, with a time to payback of approximately two years. All the scenarios modeled show that the transition to renewables is highly cost effective under the unique economics and constraints of this extremely remote site.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, 7 tables Update: published in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. Version attached here is preprint only, please follow DOI for published version
A model of interband radiative transitions
Creators: name: Dittrich, J.
name: Exner, P.
name: Hirokawa, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81Q05

description: We consider a simple model which is a caricature of a crystal interacting with a radiation field. The model has two bands of continuous spectrum and the particle can pass from the upper one to the lower by radiating a photon, the coupling between the excited and deexcited states being of a Friedrichs type. Under suitable regularity and analyticity assumptions we find the continued resolvent and show that for weak enough coupling it has a curve-type singularity in the lower halfplane which is a deformation of the upper-band spectral cut. We then find a formula for the decay amplitude and show that for a fixed energy it is approximately exponential at intermediate times, while the tail has a power-like behaviour.
description: 42 pages
ТАМАКИ МАҲСУЛДОРЛИГИГА КЕМИРУВЧИ ТУНЛАМЛАРНИНГ ТАЪСИРИ ВА УЛАРГА ҚАРШИ КУРАШ
Creators: name: Хурсанов, Хайруллa
name: Шакаров, Озоджон
name: Пўлатов, Отамурод
name: Шониёзов, Бобур
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Мақолада тамаки ўсимлигининг зараркунандалари, хусусан кемирувчи зараркунандалар биоэкологияси, турлари, зарар келтириш даражаси, уларга қарши кураш усуллари атрофлича таҳлил этилган. Ҳашаротлар таъсирида тамаки ҳосилининг 30 % игача нобуд бўлиши, ҳашаротни 1 кв.м майдонда 1-4 донагача учраши аниқланган.
Anomalous spatio-temporal chaos in a two-dimensional system of non-locally coupled oscillators
Creators: name: Nakao, Hiroya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two-dimensional system of non-locally coupled complex Ginzburg-Landau oscillators is investigated numerically for the first time. As already known for the one-dimensional case, the system exhibits anomalous spatio-temporal chaos characterized by power-law spatial correlations. In this chaotic regime, the amplitude difference between neighboring elements shows temporal noisy on-off intermittency. The system is also spatially intermittent in this regime, which is revealed by multi-scaling analysis; the amplitude field is multi-affine and the difference field is multi-fractal. Correspondingly, the probability distribution function of the measure defined for each field is strongly non-Gaussian, showing scale-dependent deviations in the tails due to intermittency.
description: 9 pages, 14 figures, submitted to Chaos
Wavefunction of Plasmon Excitations with Space Charge Effects
Creators: name: Akbari-Moghanjoughi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The one dimensional (1D) driven quantum coupled pseudoforce system governing the dynamics of collective Langmuir electron oscillations is used in order to investigate the effects of variety of space charge distributions on plasmon excitations of a nearly free electron gas with arbitrary degree of degeneracy and electron fluid temperature. A generalized closed form analytic expression for the grand wavefunction of collective excitations in presence of an arbitrary space charge distribution is presented based on the stationary solutions of the driven coupled pseudoforce system which has been derived from the Schrödinger-Poisson model. The wavefunction and electrostatic potential profiles for some especial cases such as the Heaviside charge distribution, Dirac charge sheet, impurity charge sheet in 1D plasmonic lattice and the Kroning-Penney Dirac charge distributions with particular applications in plasmonics and condensed matter physics is investigated in this paper. It is remarkably found that two parallel Dirac charged sheets completely shield all interior plasmon excitations with any given energy value from outside electrostatic fields and charge densities. It is also found that the presence of even a weakly charged impurity layer within a perfect 1D plasmonic crystal profoundly destroys the periodic electrostatic field of the crystal lattice, hence, the Bloch character of the wavefunction considered in band gap theory of solids. Current investigation of electron excitations in arbitrary degenerate electron gas in the presence of static charge distributions may be used to develop analytic models for a variety of real physical situations. It also helps in further developments of the rapidly growing fields of nanotechnology and plasmonics.
description: 18 pages 5 figures
Automated Static Warning Identification via Path-based Semantic Representation
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuwei
name: Xing, Ying
name: Li, Ge
name: Jin, Zhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite their ability to aid developers in detecting potential defects early in the software development life cycle, static analysis tools often suffer from precision issues (i.e., high false positive rates of reported alarms). To improve the availability of these tools, many automated warning identification techniques have been proposed to assist developers in classifying false positive alarms. However, existing approaches mainly focus on using hand-engineered features or statement-level abstract syntax tree token sequences to represent the defective code, failing to capture semantics from the reported alarms. To overcome the limitations of traditional approaches, this paper employs deep neural networks' powerful feature extraction and representation abilities to generate code semantics from control flow graph paths for warning identification. The control flow graph abstractly represents the execution process of a given program. Thus, the generated path sequences of the control flow graph can guide the deep neural networks to learn semantic information about the potential defect more accurately. In this paper, we fine-tune the pre-trained language model to encode the path sequences and capture the semantic representations for model building. Finally, this paper conducts extensive experiments on eight open-source projects to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach by comparing it with the state-of-the-art baselines.
description: 17 pages, in Chinese language, 9 figures
Effective quantum volume, fidelity and computational cost of noisy quantum processing experiments
Creators: name: Kechedzhi, K.
name: Isakov, S. V.
name: Mandrà, S.
name: Villalonga, B.
name: Mi, X.
name: Boixo, S.
name: Smelyanskiy, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Today's experimental noisy quantum processors can compete with and surpass all known algorithms on state-of-the-art supercomputers for the computational benchmark task of Random Circuit Sampling [1-5]. Additionally, a circuit-based quantum simulation of quantum information scrambling [6], which measures a local observable, has already outperformed standard full wave function simulation algorithms, e.g., exact Schrodinger evolution and Matrix Product States (MPS). However, this experiment has not yet surpassed tensor network contraction for computing the value of the observable. Based on those studies, we provide a unified framework that utilizes the underlying effective circuit volume to explain the tradeoff between the experimentally achievable signal-to-noise ratio for a specific observable, and the corresponding computational cost. We apply this framework to recent quantum processor experiments of Random Circuit Sampling [5], quantum information scrambling [6], and a Floquet circuit unitary [7]. This allows us to reproduce the results of Ref. [7] in less than one second per data point using one GPU.
Gravitational collapse with non-vanishing tangential stresses II: a laboratory for cosmic censorship experiments
Creators: name: Magli, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The general exact solution describing the dynamics of anisotropic elastic spheres supported only by tangential stresses is reduced to a quadrature using Ori's mass-area coordinates. This leads to the explicit construction of the root equation governing the nature of the central singularity. Using this equation, we formulate and motivate on physical grounds a conjecture on the nature of this singularity. The conjecture covers a large sector of the space of initial data; roughly speaking, it asserts that addition of a tangential stress cannot undress a covered dust singularity. The root equation also allows us to analyze the case of self-similar spacetimes and to get some insight on the role of stresses in deciding the nature of the singularities in this case.
description: 16 pages, Plain TeX format
Additional file 1 of Tree reconciliation combined with subsampling improves large scale inference of orthologous group hierarchies
Creators: name: Heller, Davide
name: Szklarczyk, Damian
name: Mering, Christian Von
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Fully expanded OG networks for proteins annotated with InterPro entry IPR013241. Circles represent individual OG, scaled for size (no. of proteins, also shown as label), connected to represent protein overlap to OG at different taxonomic levels (legend). Version 4.0 shows the original OG network with hierarchical inconsistencies while the other methods (RANDOM, v4.5, LS) show the repaired and hierarchically consistent OGs. (PDF 665 kb)
Analysis of layering-related linear features on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Creators: name: Ruzicka, Birko-Katarina
name: Penasa, Luca
name: Boehnhardt, Hermann
name: Pack, Andreas
name: Dolives, Benoit
name: Souvannavong, Fabrice
name: Remetean, Emile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analysed layering-related linear features on the surface of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P) to determine the internal configuration of the layerings within the nucleus. We used high-resolution images from the OSIRIS Narrow Angle Camera onboard the Rosetta spacecraft, projected onto the SHAP7 shape model of the nucleus, to map 171 layering-related linear features which we believe to represent terrace margins and strata heads. From these curved lineaments, extending laterally to up to 1925 m, we extrapolated the subsurface layering planes and their normals. We furthermore fitted the lineaments with concentric ellipsoidal shells, which we compared to the established shell model based on planar terrace features. Our analysis confirms that the layerings on the comet's two lobes are independent from each other. Our data is not compatible with 67P's lobes representing fragments of a much larger layered body. The geometry we determined for the layerings on both lobes supports a concentrically layered, `onion-shell' inner structure of the nucleus. For the big lobe, our results are in close agreement with the established model of a largely undisturbed, regular, concentric inner structure following a generally ellipsoidal configuration. For the small lobe, the parameters of our ellipsoidal shells differ significantly from the established model, suggesting that the internal structure of the small lobe cannot be unambiguously modelled by regular, concentric ellipsoids and could have suffered deformational or evolutional influences. A more complex model is required to represent the actual geometry of the layerings in the small lobe.
Equilibrium Quantum Impurity Problems via Matrix Product State Encoding of the Retarded Action
Creators: name: Kloss, Benedikt
name: Thoenniss, Julian
name: Sonner, Michael
name: Lerose, Alessio
name: Fishman, Matthew T.
name: Stoudenmire, E. M.
name: Parcollet, Olivier
name: Georges, Antoine
name: Abanin, Dmitry A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the $0+1$ dimensional imaginary-time path integral formulation of quantum impurity problems, the retarded action encodes the hybridization of the impurity with the bath. In this Article, we explore the computational power of representing the retarded action as matrix product state (RAMPS). We focus on the challenging Kondo regime of the single-impurity Anderson model, where non-perturbative strong-correlation effects arise at very low energy scales. We demonstrate that the RAMPS approach reliably reaches the Kondo regime for a range of interaction strengths $U$, with a numerical error scaling as a weak power law with inverse temperature. We investigate the convergence behavior of the method with respect to bond dimension and time discretization by analyzing the error of local observables in the full interacting problem and find polynomial scaling in both parameters. Our results show that the RAMPS approach offers promise as an alternative tool for studying quantum impurity problems in regimes that challenge established methods, such as multi-orbital systems. Overall, our study contributes to the development of efficient and accurate non-wavefunction-based tensor-network methods for quantum impurity problems.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Standard Magnetic Field Production at Huairou Solar Observing Station
Creators: name: Liu, Suo
name: Lin, Ganghua
name: Yang, Xiao
name: Wang, Xiaofan
name: Su, Jiangtao
name: Deng, Yuanyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The regular solar observations are operated at Huairou Solar Observing Station (HSOS) since 1987, which make the construction of long-term magnetic field datasets available to understand solar magnetic field and cycles. There exist some inconveniences for solar physicist to use these data, because the data storage medium and format at HSOS experienced some changes. Additionally, the processes of magnetic field calibration are not easy to deal with for who are not familiar with these data. Here shows that the magnetic field of HSOS are further processed toward international standards, in order to explore HSOS observations data for scientific research.
description: 2page, 1 figure
Topics in Stochastic Portfolio Theory: Pathwise Generation of Trading Strategies, and Portfolio Theory in Open Markets
Creators: Kim, Donghan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Finance
subject: Stock exchanges
subject: Portfolio management--Mathematical models
subject: Investments

description: This thesis generalizes stochastic portfolio theory in two different aspects. The first part demonstrates the functional generation of portfolios in a pathwise way. This notion of functional generation of portfolios was first introduced by E.R. Fernholz, to construct a variety of portfolios solely in the terms of the individual companies' market weights. I. Karatzas and J. Ruf developed recently another approach to the functional construction of portfolios, which leads to very simple conditions for strong relative arbitrage with respect to the market. Both of these notions of functional portfolio generation are generalized in a pathwise, probability-free setting; portfolio generating functions, possibly less smooth than twice-differentiable, involve the current market weights, as well as additional bounded-variation functionals of past and present market weights. This generalization leads to a wider class of functionally-generated portfolios than was heretofore possible to analyze, and to improved conditions for outperforming the market portfolio over suitable time-horizons. The second part develops portfolio theory in open markets. An open market is a subset of the entire equity market, composed of a certain fixed number of top-capitalization stocks. Though the number of stocks in open market is fixed, the constituents of the market change over time as each company's rank by its market capitalization fluctuates. When one is allowed to invest also in money market, an open market resembles the entire 'closed' equity market in the sense that most of the results that are valid for the entire market, continue to hold when investment is restricted to the open market. One of these results is the equivalence of market viability (lack of arbitrage) and the existence of num\'eraire portfolio (portfolio which cannot be outperformed). When access to the money market is prohibited, the class of portfolios shrinks significantly in open markets. In such a case, we discuss the Capital Asset Pricing Model, how to construct functionally-generated portfolios, and the concept of universal portfolio in open market setting.
Magnetic Properties of Epitaxially-grown $SrRuO_3$ Nanodots
Creators: name: Laskin, Gennadii
name: Wang, Hongguang
name: Boschker, Hans
name: Braun, Wolfgang
name: Srot, Vesna
name: van Aken, Peter A.
name: Mannhart, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the fabrication and exploration of arrays of nanodots of $SrRuO_3$ with dot sizes between 500 nm and 15 nm. Down to the smallest dot size explored, the samples were found to be magnetic with a maximum of the Curie temperature $T_C$ achieved by dots of 30 nm diameter. This peak in $T_C$ is associated with a dot-size-induced relief of the epitaxial strain, as evidenced by scanning transmission electron microscopy.
Sicyopterus lagocephalus
Creators: name: Donaldson, James
name: Maeda, Ken
name: Iida, Midori
name: Kobayashi, Hirozumi
name: Ebner, Brendan C.
name: Tran, Hau Duc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Perciformes
Gobiidae
Sicyopterus
Sicyopterus lagocephalus

description: Sicyopterus lagocephalus (Pallas, 1770):
HNUE-F00293, 1 female (87.9 mm SL), stream 1, 2 Oct. 2018; HNUE-F00294, 1 male (71.0 mm SL), stream 2, 3 Oct. 2018; HNUE-F00295, 1 female (73.2 mm SL), stream 3, 16 Oct. 2018.
description: Published as part of Donaldson, James, Maeda, Ken, Iida, Midori, Kobayashi, Hirozumi, Ebner, Brendan C. & Tran, Hau Duc, 2023, New distributional records of four amphidromous gobies (Gobioidei: Sicydiinae) in continental Vietnam, pp. 467-472 in Cybium 47 (4) on page 468, DOI: 10.26028/cybium/2023-019, http://zenodo.org/record/12713800
Was It Real? The Exchange Rate-Interest Differntial Relation, 1973-1984
Creators: name: Meese, Richard
name: Rogoff, Kenneth
name: Meese, Richard
name: Rogoff, Kenneth
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The main result of Meese and Rogoff [1983 a,b] is that small structural exchange rate models forecast major dollar exchange rates no better than a naive random walk model. This result obtains even when the model forecasts are based on actual realized values of the explanatory variables. Here we improve our methodology by implementing a new test of out-of-sample fit; the test is valid even for overlapping long-horizon forecasts. We find that the dollar exchange rate models perform somewhat less badly over the recent Reagan regime period than over the episodes studied previously. The methodology is also applied to the mark/yen and mark/pound exchange rates, and to real exchange rates. Finally, we test to see if real exchange rates and real interest differentials can be represented as a cointegrated process. The evidence suggests that there is no single common influence inducing nonstationarity in both real exchange rates and real interest differentials.
Synchronization of quantum communication over an optical classical communication channel
Creators: name: Berra, Federico
name: Agnesi, Costantino
name: Stanco, Andrea
name: Avesani, Marco
name: Kuklewski, Michal
name: Matter, Daniel
name: Villoresi, Paolo
name: Vallone, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise synchronization between transmitter and receiver is crucial for quantum communication protocols, such as Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), to efficiently correlate the transmitted and received signals and increase the signal-to-noise ratio. In this work, we introduce a synchronization technique that exploits a co-propagating classical optical communication link and test its performance in a free-space QKD system. Previously, existing techniques required additional laser beams or relied on the capability of retrieving the synchronization from the quantum signal itself, though this is not applicable in high channel loss scenarios. On the contrary, our method exploits classical and quantum signals locked to the same master clock, allowing the receiver to synchronize both the classical and quantum communication links by performing a clock-data-recovery routine on the classical signal. In this way, by exploiting the same classical communication already required for post-processing and key generation, no additional hardware is required, and the synchronization can be reconstructed from a high-power signal. Our approach is suitable for both satellite and fiber infrastructures, where a classical and quantum channel can be transmitted through the same link.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Modeling Optical Fiber Space Division Multiplexed Quantum Key Distribution Systems
Creators: name: Ureña, mario
name: Gasulla, Ivana
name: Fraile, Francisco Javier
name: Capmany, José
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a model to evaluate the performance of multiple quantum key distribution (QKD) channel transmission using spatial division multiplexing (SDM) in multicore (MCF) and few-mode fibers (FMF). The model is then used to analyze the feasibility of QKD transmission in 7-core MCFs for two scenarios of practical interest. First for transmission of only QKD channels, the second for simultaneous transmission of QKD and classical channels. In the first case, standard homogeneous MCFs enable transmission distances per core compatible with transmission parameters (distance and net key rate) very close to those of single core singlemode fibers. For the second case, heterogeneous MCFs must be employed to make this option feasible
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Topics in Walsh Semimartingales and Diffusions: Construction, Stochastic Calculus, and Control
Creators: Yan, Minghan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Semimartingales (Mathematics)
subject: Walsh functions
subject: Stochastic control theory

description: This dissertation is devoted to theories of processes we call ``Walsh semimartingales"  and ``Walsh diffusions", as well as to  related optimization problems of control and stopping. These   processes move on the plane along rays emanating from the origin;  and when at the origin, the processes choose the rays of their subsequent voyage  according to a fixed probability measure---in a manner described by Walsh (1978) as a direct generalization of the skew Brownian motion.
      We first review in Chapter 1 some key results regarding the celebrated skew Brownian motions and Walsh Brownian motions. These results include  the characterization of skew Brownian motions via stochastic equations in Harrison & Shepp (1981), the construction of Walsh Brownian motions in Barlow, Pitman & Yor (1989), and  the important result of Tsirel'son (1997) regarding the nature of the filtration generated by the Walsh Brownian motion.
      Various generalizations of  Walsh Brownian motions are described in detail in Chapter 2. We formally define there Walsh semimartingales as a subclass of planar processes we call ``semimartingales on rays". We derive for such processes Freidlin-Sheu-type change-of-variable formulas, as well as two-dimensional versions of the Harrison-Shepp equations. The actual construction of Walsh semimartingales is given next.
      Walsh diffusions are then defined as a subclass of Walsh semimartingales, described by stochastic equations which involve local drift and dispersion characteristics. The associated local submartingale problems, strong Markov properties, existence, uniqueness, asymptotic behavior, and tests for explosions in finite time, are studied in turn.
      Finally, with Walsh semimartingales as state-processes, we study in Chapter 3 succesively a pure optimal stopping problem, a stochastic control problem with discretionary stopping, and a stochastic game between a controller and a stopper. We derive  for these problems optimal strategies in surprisingly explicit from. Crucial for the analysis underpinning these results, are   the change-of-variable formulas   derived in Chapter 2.
      Most of the results in Chapters 2 and 3 are based on two papers, [21] and [31], both cowritten by the author of this dissertation. Some results and proofs are rearranged and rewritten here.
Additional file 1 of Injection of amyloid-β to lateral ventricle induces gut microbiota dysbiosis in association with inhibition of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathways in Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Qian, Xiao-hang
name: Liu, Xiao-li
name: Chen, Guang
name: Chen, Sheng-di
name: Tang, Hui-dong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1: Primer sequences
On The Empirical Detection Of Financial Innovation
Creators: name: Hester, Donald D.
name: Hester, Donald D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This paper proposes and applies a set of distribution-free methods for testing for the presence of financial innovation in balance sheet data of large commercial banks. The goal is to detect innovations shortly after they occur using high frequency data. It is postulated that a financial innovation leads to irreversible changes in portfolio ratios, both at the aggregative and individual bank levels. The changes are expected to show up as runs. Using a null hypothesis that changes are the output from a pure white noise process, it is possible to test for an innovation. The method is vulnerable to negative autoregressive patterns that result from monthly payment cycles and reserve requirements. The methods are applied to data for Federal Reserve weekly reporting banks between 1965 and 1976. The results suggest that innovations modified the seasonality of several components of monetary aggregates and that innovations "trickle down" from large to small banks. Certificates of deposit declined in importance permanently at large but not at small banks after 1970. There is some evidence that repurchase agreements and off-shore banking changed the structure of domestic banking liabilities during the early 1970s.
Optimizing Measurements Sequences for Quantum State Verification
Creators: name: Liang, Weichao
name: Ticozzi, Francesco
name: Vallone, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of deciding whether a given state preparation, i.e., a source of quantum states, is accurate, namely produces states close to a target one within a prescribed threshold. We show that, when multiple measurements need to be used, the order of measurements is critical for quickly assessing accuracy. We propose and compare different strategies to compute optimal or suboptimal measurement sequences either relying solely on a priori information, i.e., the target state for state preparation, or actively adapting the sequence to the previously obtained measurements. Numerical simulations show that the proposed algorithms reduce significantly the number of measurements needed for verification, and indicate an advantage for the adaptive protocol especially assessing faulty preparations.
Blandford-Znajek jets in MOdified Gravity
Creators: name: Camilloni, Filippo
name: Harmark, Troels
name: Orselli, Marta
name: Rodriguez, Maria J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: General relativity (GR) will be imminently challenged by upcoming experiments in the strong gravity regime, including those testing the energy extraction mechanisms for black holes. Motivated by this, we explore magnetospheric models and black hole jet emissions in MOdified Gravity (MOG) scenarios. Specifically, we construct new power emitting magnetospheres in a Kerr-MOG background which are found to depend non-trivially on the MOG deformation parameter. This may allow for high-precision tests of GR. In addition, a complete set of analytic solutions for vacuum magnetic field configurations around static MOG black holes are explicitly derived, and found to comprise exclusively Heun polynomials.
description: 33 pages, 7 figure; v2: matches published version in JCAP
Critical Collapse of Skyrmions
Creators: name: Bizoń, Piotr
name: Chmaj, Tadeusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study first order phase transitions in the gravitational collapse of spherically symmetric skyrmions. Static sphaleron solutions are shown to play the role of critical solutions separating black-hole spacetimes from no-black-hole spacetimes. In particular, we find a new type of first order phase transition where subcritical data do not disperse but evolve towards a static regular stable solution. We also demonstrate explicitly that the near-critical solutions depart from the intermediate asymptotic regime along the unstable manifold of the critical solution.
description: 4 pages, 5 Postscript figures, RevTex, typos corrected
Improving Transmon Qudit Measurement on IBM Quantum Hardware
Creators: name: Kehrer, Tobias
name: Nadolny, Tobias
name: Bruder, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hilbert space of a physical qubit typically features more than two energy levels. Using states outside the qubit subspace can provide advantages in quantum computation. To benefit from these advantages, individual states of the $d$-dimensional qudit Hilbert space have to be discriminated during readout. We propose and analyze two measurement strategies that improve the distinguishability of transmon qudit states. Based on a model describing the readout of a transmon qudit coupled to a resonator, we identify the regime in hardware parameter space where each strategy is optimal. We discuss these strategies in the context of a practical implementation of the default measurement of a ququart on IBM Quantum hardware whose states are prepared by employing higher-order $X$ gates that make use of two-photon transitions.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures; corrected typos, references added, shortened section 2
Additional file 1 of Analysis of intra-fractional surface motion during adaptive radiation therapy and relation of internal vs. external position for prostate cancer
Creators: name: Macedo-Jiménez, Fernanda
name: Kalisch, Iris
name: Simeonova-Chergou, Anna
name: Boda-Heggemann, Judit
name: Fleckenstein, Jens
name: Dreher, Constantin
name: Giordano, Frank A.
name: Stieler, Florian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary table for Tables (PDF 38 kb)
Supersymmetries and Hopf-duality in the Penrose Limit of AdS_3 times S^3 times T^4
Creators: name: Cho, Jin-Ho
name: Lee, Taejin
name: Nam, Soonkeon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate various aspects of the plane wave geometries obtained from D1/D5-brane system. We study the effect of Hopf-duality on the supersymmetries preserved by the Penrose limit of $AdS_3\times S^3\times T^4$ geometry. In type-IIB case, we first show that the Penrose limit makes the size of the `would-be' internal torus comparable to that of the other directions. Based on this observation, we consider, in taking the Penrose limit, the generalization of the null geodesic to incorporate the tilted direction between the equator of $S^3$ and one of the torus directions. For generic values of the tilting angle, supersymmetries are not preserved. When the limit is taken along the torus direction, 16 supersymmetries are preserved. For the ordinary Penrose limit, 16 generic and 8 `supernumerary' supersymmetries are observed. In the Penrose limit of Hopf-dualized type-IIA geometry, only 4 supersymmetries are preserved. We classify all the Killing spinors according to their periodic properties along some relevant coordinates.
description: v3. Version to appear in Nucl. Phys. B
Optimized nuclear energy density functionals including long-range pion contributions
Creators: name: Zurek, L.
name: Bogner, S. K.
name: Furnstahl, R. J.
name: Pérez, R. Navarro
name: Schunck, N.
name: Schwenk, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear energy density functionals successfully reproduce properties of nuclei across almost the entire nuclear chart. However, nearly all available functionals are phenomenological in nature and lack a rigorous connection to systematically improvable nuclear forces. This issue might be solved with an energy density functional obtained from first principles. As an intermediate step towards this goal we construct the GUDE family of functionals that is obtained from a hybrid scheme consisting of long-range pion-exchange contributions derived from chiral effective field theory at the Hartree-Fock level and a phenomenological Skyrme part. When including pion contributions beyond next-to-leading order in the chiral expansion, we find significant improvements over a reference Skyrme functional constructed following the same protocol. We analyze the importance of different pion contributions and identify which terms drive the observed improvements. Since pions are incorporated without adding further optimization parameters to the functionals, the improvements can be attributed to the functional form of these terms. Our work therefore suggests that the considered chiral contributions constitute useful ingredients for true ab initio energy density functionals.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures, corresponds to published version
Topographical Projections of Limb-Innervating Motor Neurons in Drosophila melanogaster Specified by Morphological Transcription Factors and Downstream Cell Surface Proteins
Creators: Venkatasubramanian, Lalanti
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Developmental biology
subject: Morphology
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Motor neurons
subject: Drosophila melanogaster
subject: Transcription factors

description: The nervous system integrates multiple sources of sensory information that ultimately controls motor neurons to generate complex movements. Motor neurons form topographically organised ‘myotopic maps’ between the nerve cord and muscles in the periphery to ensure that correct pre-motor inputs into motor dendrites are relayed through corresponding axons to the appropriate muscle groups. Therefore understanding the development and assembly of motor neuronss is crucial for understanding how animals execute various motor outputs. In adult Drosophila, ~50 motor neurons are topographically organized between each leg and the nerve cord in a highly stereotyped manner (Baek and Mann, 2009). In this thesis, I describe a novel group of transcription factors that act in a combinatorial manner to specify the projections of distinct Drosophila leg motor neurons. Our studies suggest that morphological transcription factors regulate various downstream cell-surface genes that are involved in the assembly of motor circuitry. Using in vivo live imaging I describe the developmental steps involved in Drosophila leg motor neuron axon targeting during metamorphosis and the spatial expression patterns of a novel hetero-binding Ig domain transmembrane protein family – the DIPs and Dprs (Ozkan et al., 2013) in leg neuro-musculature. I further describe a function between interacting partners DIP-alpha and Dpr10, expressed in subsets of leg motor neurons and muscles respectively, in establishing the final stereotyped terminal axon branching of corresponding motor neurons. The combinations of such interactions throughout development between leg motor neurons, not only with muscles in the periphery, but also among themselves, with leg sensory neurons and other components in the central nervous system may ultimately lead to synaptic specificity and stereotyped morphologies of Drosophila leg motor neurons.
Compressed gate characterization for quantum devices with time-correlated noise
Creators: name: Gullans, M. J.
name: Caranti, M.
name: Mills, A. R.
name: Petta, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As quantum devices make steady progress towards intermediate scale and fault-tolerant quantum computing, it is essential to develop rigorous and efficient measurement protocols that account for known sources of noise. Most existing quantum characterization protocols such as gate set tomography and randomized benchmarking assume the noise acting on the qubits is Markovian. However, this assumption is often not valid, as for the case of 1/f charge noise or hyperfine nuclear spin noise. Here, we present a general framework for quantum process tomography (QPT) in the presence of time-correlated noise. We further introduce fidelity benchmarks that quantify the relative strength of different sources of Markovian and non-Markovian noise. As an application of our method, we perform a comparative theoretical and experimental analysis of silicon spin qubits. We first develop a detailed noise model that accounts for the dominant sources of noise and validate the model against experimental data. Applying our framework for time-correlated QPT, we find that the number of independent parameters needed to characterize one and two-qubit gates can be compressed by 10x and 100x, respectively, when compared to the fully generic case. These compressions reduce the amount of tomographic measurements needed in experiment, while also significantly speeding up numerical simulations of noisy quantum circuit dynamics compared to time-dependent Hamiltonian simulation. Using this compressed noise model, we find good agreement between our theoretically predicted process fidelities and two qubit interleaved randomized benchmarking fidelities of 99.8% measured in recent experiments on silicon spin qubits. More broadly, our formalism can be directly extended to develop efficient and scalable tuning protocols for high-fidelity control of large-arrays of quantum devices with non-Markovian noise.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, comments welcome
Quantum-limited linewidth of a chaotic laser cavity
Creators: name: Patra, M.
name: Schomerus, H.
name: Beenakker, C. W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A random-matrix theory is presented for the linewidth of a laser cavity in which the radiation is scattered chaotically. The linewidth is enhanced above the Schawlow-Townes value by the Petermann factor K, due to the non-orthogonality of the cavity modes. The factor K is expressed in terms of a non-Hermitian random matrix and its distribution is calculated exactly for the case that the cavity is coupled to the outside via a small opening. The average of K is found to depend non-analytically on the area of the opening, and to greatly exceed the most probable value.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; corrected an error in Fig. 1
Topography of the Splintered World: Hegel and the Disagreements of Right
Creators: Blili-Hamelin, Borhane
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Quarreling

description: For Hegel, serious, painful disagreement among reasonable individuals is part of the very fabric of our intellectual, moral, and social lives. Disagreement about what matters cannot be eliminated. Traditionally, this kind of interpretation is thought to be incompatible with Hegel’s epistemic and metaphysical ambitions: that reason has absolute power to explain all there is, leaving no significant question without an adequate answer. But if genuine disagreement cannot be eliminated, then at least some significant practical normative questions must remain without fully adequate answers. I develop a novel strategy for reconciling these two fundamental aspects of his approach to practical norms and values in his Philosophy of Right. Through what I call topographic explanations, Hegel takes on the task of explaining why the world is structured in such a way that (a) some significant questions necessarily remain open to painful disagreement, and that (b) the world remains a worthy home for our deepest aspirations.
Topics in vacuum decay
Creators: Abad, Ali Masoumi Khalil
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Physics

description: If a theory has more than one classically stable vacuum, quantum tunneling and thermal jumps make the transition between the vacua possible. The transition happens through a first order phase transition started by nucleation of a bubble of the new vacuum. The outward pressure of the truer vacuum makes the bubble expand and consequently eat away more of the old phase. In the presence of gravity this phenomenon gets more complicated and meanwhile more interesting. It can potentially have important cosmological consequences. Some aspects of this decay are studied in this thesis. Solutions with different symmetry than the generically used O(4) symmetry are studied and their actions calculated. Vacuum decay in a spatial vector field is studied and novel features like kinky domain walls are presented. The question of stability of vacua in a landscape of potentials is studied and the possible instability in large dimension of fields is shown. Finally a compactification of the Einstein-Maxwell theory is studied which can be a good lab to understand the decay rates in compactification models of arbitrary dimensions.