cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Physics-informed Bayesian inference of external potentials in classical density-functional theory
Creators: name: Malpica-Morales, Antonio
name: Yatsyshin, Peter
name: Duran-Olivencia, Miguel A.
name: Kalliadasis, Serafim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The swift progression of machine learning (ML) has not gone unnoticed in the realm of statistical mechanics. ML techniques have attracted attention by the classical density-functional theory (DFT) community, as they enable discovery of free-energy functionals to determine the equilibrium-density profile of a many-particle system. Within DFT, the external potential accounts for the interaction of the many-particle system with an external field, thus, affecting the density distribution. In this context, we introduce a statistical-learning framework to infer the external potential exerted on a many-particle system. We combine a Bayesian inference approach with the classical DFT apparatus to reconstruct the external potential, yielding a probabilistic description of the external potential functional form with inherent uncertainty quantification. Our framework is exemplified with a grand-canonical one-dimensional particle ensemble with excluded volume interactions in a confined geometry. The required training dataset is generated using a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation where the external potential is applied to the grand-canonical ensemble. The resulting particle coordinates from the MC simulation are fed into the learning framework to uncover the external potential. This eventually allows us to compute the equilibrium density profile of the system by using the tools of DFT. Our approach benchmarks the inferred density against the exact one calculated through the DFT formulation with the true external potential. The proposed Bayesian procedure accurately infers the external potential and the density profile. We also highlight the external-potential uncertainty quantification conditioned on the amount of available simulated data. The seemingly simple case study introduced in this work might serve as a prototype for studying a wide variety of applications, including adsorption and capillarity.
Thermodynamic State Variables in Quasi-Equilibrium Ultracold Neutral Plasma
Creators: name: Tiwari, Sanat Kumar
name: Shaffer, Nathaniel R.
name: Baalrud, Scott D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pressure and internal energy of an ultracold plasma in a state of quasi-equilibrium are evaluated using classical molecular dynamics simulations. Coulomb collapse is avoided by modeling electron-ion interactions using an attractive Coulomb potential with a repulsive core. We present a method to separate the contribution of classical bound states, which form due to recombination, from the contribution of free charges when evaluating these thermodynamic state variables. It is found that the contribution from free charges is independent of the choice of repulsive core length-scale when it is sufficiently short-ranged. The partial pressure associated with the free charges is found to closely follow that of the one-component plasma model, reaching negative values at strong coupling, while the total system pressure remains positive. This pseudo-potential model is also applied to Debye-Hückel theory to describe the weakly coupled regime.
Additional file 3 of Genome-wide screening of lectin putative genes from Sorghum bicolor L., distribution in QTLs and a probable implications of lectins in abiotic stress tolerance
Creators: name: Osman, Makarim El-fadil M.
name: Dirar, Amina Ibrahim
name: Konozy, Emadeldin Hassan E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3:
Comeback of epitaxial graphene for electronics: large-area growth of bilayer-free graphene on SiC
Creators: name: Kruskopf, Mattias
name: Pakdehi, Davood Momeni
name: Pierz, Klaus
name: Wundrack, Stefan
name: Stosch, Rainer
name: Dziomba, Thorsten
name: Goetz, Martin
name: Baringhaus, Jens
name: Aprojanz, Johannes
name: Tegenkamp, Christoph
name: Lidzba, Jakob
name: Seyller, Thomas
name: Hohls, Frank
name: Ahlers, Franz J.
name: Schumacher, Hans W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new fabrication method for epitaxial graphene on SiC which enables the growth of ultra-smooth defect- and bilayer-free graphene sheets with an unprecedented reproducibility, a necessary prerequisite for wafer-scale fabrication of high quality graphene-based electronic devices. The inherent but unfavorable formation of high SiC surface terrace steps during high temperature sublimation growth is suppressed by rapid formation of the graphene buffer layer which stabilizes the SiC surface. The enhanced nucleation is enforced by decomposition of polymer adsorbates which act as a carbon source. With most of the steps well below 0.75 nm pure monolayer graphene without bilayer inclusions is formed with lateral dimensions only limited by the size of the substrate. This makes the polymer assisted sublimation growth technique the most promising method for commercial wafer scale epitaxial graphene fabrication. The extraordinary electronic quality is evidenced by quantum resistance metrology at 4.2 K with until now unreached precision and high electron mobilities on mm scale devices.
description: 20 pages, 6 Figures
Euler Characteristics of Brill-Noether Loci on Prym Varieties
Creators: name: Jeon, Minyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H51, 14M15 (Primary) 19E20, 05A19 (Secondary)

description: In this article we propose formulas for the connected K-theory class of the pointed Brill-Noether loci in Prym varieties, which extends the result by Concini and Pragacz. Applying the formulas, we compute the holomorphic Euler Characteristics of the loci.
description: To appear in Manuscripta Mathematica. Fixed minor errors
The effect of Epichloë on the microbiota of established perennial ryegrass pastures
Creators: name: Prout, Bernie
name: Bell, Nigel
name: Mtandavari, Faith
name: Shi, Shengjing
name: Maclean, Paul
name: Aalders, Lee
name: Hume, David
name: Jauregui Sandoval, Ruy
name: Griffiths, Wendy
name: Lee, Charles
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310703
subject: Microbial ecology
classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 30
subject: Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences
classificationCode: 3004
subject: Crop and pasture production
classificationCode: 310805
subject: Plant pathology

description: Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) is a critical agricultural plant supporting New Zealand's intensive pasture-based dairy industry. A significant breakthrough in perennial ryegrass research was the discovery of Epichloë, a genus of ascomycete fungi that form an endophytic symbiosis with grasses and reduce invertebrate pest damage. Plant breeders have incorporated several strains of Epichloë in perennial ryegrass, including AR1 and AR37, which exhibit variations in their alkaloid production to target different pasture pests. The impact of Epichloë on ryegrass production and invertebrate pests has been extensively studied; however, little attention has focussed on its effects on other associated microorganisms, particularly in established pastures. This study utilised 16S and ITS rRNA amplicon sequencing to determine the influence of two Epichloë strains, AR1, AR37, and a Nil (without Epichloë) treatment, on the bacterial and fungal communities in three-year-old perennial ryegrass swards from three locations in New Zealand. The results revealed that the ryegrass niche and farming site were the most significant factors driving microbiome variation. Epichloë strain did not consistently correlate to variation across bacterial and fungal communities across all sites, except for the shoot endosphere communities from the one Canterbury farming location sampled (Burnham). Epichloë treatment could, however, be associated with several differences in the abundance of individual fungal ASVs across the sites. This study unveils the diverse microbiota within established ryegrass pastures. The presence of core microbiota across all samples despite differences in Epichloë strain was reassuring to plant breeders in that the wide utilisation of Epichloë in New Zealand pastures could not be associated with any dramatic community differences across the microbiome of three-year-old established pastures. Any Epichloë effects on plant microbiome were subtle and site-dependent in plants surviving 3 years post-sowing. This information can assist future research on microbial solutions and plant breeding targets for mitigating soil diseases and poor ryegrass persistence across different farming regions in New Zealand.
Mercury's gravity, tides, and spin from MESSENGER radio science data
Creators: name: Verma, Ashok Kumar
name: Margot, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze radio tracking data obtained during 1311 orbits of the MESSENGER spacecraft in the period March 2011 to April 2014. A least-squares minimization of the residuals between observed and computed values of two-way range and Doppler allows us to solve for a model describing Mercury's gravity, tidal response, and spin state. We use a spherical harmonic representation of the gravity field to degree and order 40 and report error bars corresponding to 10 times the formal uncertainties of the fit. Our estimate of the product of Mercury's mass and the gravitational constant, $GM = (22031.87404 \pm 9 \times 10^{-4})$ km$^{3}$s$^{-2}$, is in excellent agreement with published results. Our solution for the geophysically important second-degree coefficients ($\bar{C}_{2,0} = -2.25100 \times 10^{-5} \pm 1.3 \times 10^{-9}$, $\bar{C}_{2,2} = 1.24973 \times 10^{-5} \pm 1.2 \times 10^{-9}$) confirms previous estimates to better than 0.4\% and, therefore, inferences about Mercury's moment of inertia and interior structure. Our estimate of the tidal Love number $k_2 = 0.464 \pm 0.023$ indicates that Mercury's mantle may be hotter and weaker than previously thought. Our spin state solution suggests that gravity-based estimates of Mercury's spin axis orientation are marginally consistent with previous measurements of the orientation of the crust.
description: Accepted for publication in J. Geophys. Res. - planets
Nonparametric estimates of option prices via Hermite basis functions
Creators: name: Marinelli, Carlo
name: d'Addona, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We consider approximate pricing formulas for European options based on approximating the logarithmic return's density of the underlying by a linear combination of rescaled Hermite polynomials. The resulting models, that can be seen as perturbations of the classical Black-Scholes one, are nonpararametric in the sense that the distribution of logarithmic returns at fixed times to maturity is only assumed to have a square-integrable density. We extensively investigate the empirical performance, defined in terms of out-of-sample relative pricing error, of this class of approximating models, depending on their order (that is, roughly speaking, the degree of the polynomial expansion) as well as on several ways to calibrate them to observed data. Empirical results suggest that such approximate pricing formulas, when compared with simple nonparametric estimates based on interpolation and extrapolation on the implied volatility curve, perform reasonably well only for options with strike price not too far apart from the strike prices of the observed sample.
description: 44 pages. Final version
The effects of self-interacting bosonic dark matter on neutron star properties
Creators: name: Giangrandi, Edoardo
name: Sagun, Violetta
name: Ivanytskyi, Oleksii
name: Providência, Constança
name: Dietrich, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model of asymmetric bosonic dark matter (DM) with self-repulsion mediated by the vector field coupled to the complex scalar particles. By adopting the two-fluid formalism, we study different DM distribution regimes, either, fully condensed inside the core of a star or, otherwise, distributed in a dilute halo around a neutron star (NS). We show that DM condensed in a core leads to a decrease of the total gravitational mass, radius and tidal deformability compared to a pure baryonic star with the same central density, which we will perceive as an effective softening of the equation of state (EoS). On the other hand, the presence of a DM halo increases the tidal deformability and total gravitational mass. As a result, an accumulated DM inside compact stars could mimic an apparent stiffening of strongly interacting matter equation of state and constraints we impose on it at high densities. From the performed analysis of the effect of DM particles in a MeV-GeV mass-scale, interaction strength, and relative DM fractions inside NSs we obtained a rigorous constraint on model parameters. Finally, we discuss several smoking guns of the presence of DM that are free from the above mentioned apparent modification of the strongly interacting matter equation of state. With this we could be probed with the future astrophysical and gravitational wave (GW) surveys.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
SEER: Safe Efficient Exploration for Aerial Robots using Learning to Predict Information Gain
Creators: name: Tao, Yuezhan
name: Wu, Yuwei
name: Li, Beiming
name: Cladera, Fernando
name: Zhou, Alex
name: Thakur, Dinesh
name: Kumar, Vijay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We address the problem of efficient 3-D exploration in indoor environments for micro aerial vehicles with limited sensing capabilities and payload/power constraints. We develop an indoor exploration framework that uses learning to predict the occupancy of unseen areas, extracts semantic features, samples viewpoints to predict information gains for different exploration goals, and plans informative trajectories to enable safe and smart exploration. Extensive experimentation in simulated and real-world environments shows the proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art exploration framework by 24% in terms of the total path length in a structured indoor environment and with a higher success rate during exploration.
description: 2023 International Conference on Robotics and Automation
On Quantum Complexity
Creators: name: Alishahiha, Mohsen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ETH ansatz for matrix elements of a given operator in the energy eigenstate basis results in a notion of thermalization for a chaotic system. In this context for a certain quantity - to be found for a given model - one may impose a particular condition on its matrix elements in the energy eigenstate basis so that the corresponding quantity exhibit linear growth at late times. The condition is to do with a possible pole structure the corresponding matrix elements may have. Based on the general expectation of complexity one may want to think of this quantity as a possible candidate for the quantum complexity. We note, however, that for the explicit examples we have considered in this paper, there are infinitely many quantities exhibiting similar behavior.
description: 6 pages, V3: Published version + a comment on the saturation phase of complexity
All possible first signals of gauge leptoquark in quark-lepton unification and beyond
Creators: name: Gedeonová, Hedvika
name: Hudec, Matěj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study possible current and future low-energy signals of the gauge leptoquark in quark-lepton SU(4) unification à la Pati-Salam. Taking fully into account the freedom in the generation mixing between quarks and leptons, we compile a catalogue of observables which currently form a border of the excluded part of the parameter space - hot candidates for first signals of new physics. We also determine the sensitivity needed in order to inspect a currently allowed part of the parameter space for several other measurements which are not included in this catalogue. We improve older similar works on this topic by taking into account more (and more recent) experimental measurements and by scanning the parameter space more densely. Furthermore, we study in a similar manner the SU(4) models with a small number of generations of extra leptons. We also discuss the minimal number of leptons needed in order to alleviate the contemporary discrepancies in the neutral-current B-meson decays.
On q-deformed symmetries as Poisson-Lie symmetries and application to Yang-Baxter type models
Creators: name: Delduc, Francois
name: Lacroix, Sylvain
name: Magro, Marc
name: Vicedo, Benoit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Yang-Baxter type models are integrable deformations of integrable field theories, such as the principal chiral model on a Lie group $G$ or $σ$-models on (semi-)symmetric spaces $G/F$. The deformation has the effect of breaking the global $G$-symmetry of the original model, replacing the associated set of conserved charges by ones whose Poisson brackets are those of the $q$-deformed Poisson-Hopf algebra $\mathscr U_q(\mathfrak g)$. Working at the Hamiltonian level, we show how this $q$-deformed Poisson algebra originates from a Poisson-Lie $G$-symmetry. The theory of Poisson-Lie groups and their actions on Poisson manifolds, in particular the formalism of the non-abelian moment map, is reviewed. For a coboundary Poisson-Lie group $G$, this non-abelian moment map must obey the Semenov-Tian-Shansky bracket on the dual group $G^*$, up to terms involving central quantities. When the latter vanish, we develop a general procedure linking this Poisson bracket to the defining relations of the Poisson-Hopf algebra $\mathscr U_q(\mathfrak g)$, including the $q$-Poisson-Serre relations. We consider reality conditions leading to $q$ being either real or a phase. We determine the non-abelian moment map for Yang-Baxter type models. This enables to compute the corresponding action of $G$ on the fields parametrising the phase space of these models.
description: 45 pages
Impact of nuclear structure from shell model calculations on nuclear responses to WIMP elastic scattering for $^{19}$F and $^{nat}$Xe targets
Creators: name: Khaleq, Raghda Abdel
name: Simenel, Cedric
name: Stuchbery, Andrew E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-relativistic effective field theory (NREFT) is one approach used for describing the interaction of WIMPs with ordinary matter. Among other factors, these interactions are expected to be affected by the structure of the atomic nuclei in the target. The sensitivity of the nuclear response components of the WIMP-nucleus scattering amplitude is investigated using shell model calculations for $^{19}$F and $^{nat}$Xe. Resulting integrated nuclear response values are shown to be sensitive to some specifics of the nuclear structure calculations.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
KELT-11b: A Highly Inflated Sub-Saturn Exoplanet Transiting the V=8 Subgiant HD 93396
Creators: name: Pepper, Joshua
name: Rodriguez, Joseph E.
name: Collins, Karen A.
name: Johnson, John Asher
name: Fulton, Benjamin J.
name: Howard, Andrew W.
name: Beatty, Thomas
name: Stassun, Keivan G.
name: Isaacson, Howard
name: Colón, Knicole d.
name: Lund, Michael B.
name: Kuhn, Rudolf B.
name: Siverd, Robert J.
name: Gaudi, B. Scott
name: Tan, T. G.
name: Curtis, Ivan
name: Stockdale, Christopher
name: Mawet, Dimitri
name: Bottom, Michael
name: James, David
name: Zhou, George
name: Bayliss, Daniel
name: Cargile, Phillip
name: Bieryla, Allyson
name: Penev, Kaloyan
name: Latham, David W.
name: Labadie-Bartz, Jonathan
name: Kielkopf, John
name: Eastman, Jason D.
name: Oberst, Thomas E.
name: Jensen, Eric L. N.
name: Nelson, Peter
name: Sliski, David H.
name: Wittenmyer, Robert A.
name: McCrady, Nate
name: Wright, Jason T.
name: Relles, Howard M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a transiting exoplanet, KELT-11b, orbiting the bright ($V=8.0$) subgiant HD 93396. A global analysis of the system shows that the host star is an evolved subgiant star with $T_{\rm eff} = 5370\pm51$ K, $M_{*} = 1.438_{-0.052}^{+0.061} M_{\odot}$, $R_{*} = 2.72_{-0.17}^{+0.21} R_{\odot}$, log $g_*= 3.727_{-0.046}^{+0.040}$, and [Fe/H]$ = 0.180\pm0.075$. The planet is a low-mass gas giant in a $P = 4.736529\pm0.00006$ day orbit, with $M_{P} = 0.195\pm0.018 M_J$, $R_{P}= 1.37_{-0.12}^{+0.15} R_J$, $ρ_{P} = 0.093_{-0.024}^{+0.028}$ g cm$^{-3}$, surface gravity log ${g_{P}} = 2.407_{-0.086}^{+0.080}$, and equilibrium temperature $T_{eq} = 1712_{-46}^{+51}$ K. KELT-11 is the brightest known transiting exoplanet host in the southern hemisphere by more than a magnitude, and is the 6th brightest transit host to date. The planet is one of the most inflated planets known, with an exceptionally large atmospheric scale height (2763 km), and an associated size of the expected atmospheric transmission signal of 5.6%. These attributes make the KELT-11 system a valuable target for follow-up and atmospheric characterization, and it promises to become one of the benchmark systems for the study of inflated exoplanets.
description: 15 pages, Submitted to AAS Journals
Bring-Your-Own-Device (BYOD): An Evaluation of Associated Risks to Corporate Information Security
Creators: name: Yeboah-Boateng, Ezer Osei
name: Boaten, Francis Edmund
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study evaluates the cyber-risks to Business Information Assets posed by the adoption of Bring-Your-Own-Device (BYOD) to the workplace. BYOD is an emerging trend where employees bring and use personal computing devices on the companys network to access applications and sensitive data like emails, calendar and scheduling applications, documents, etc. Employees are captivated by BYOD because they can have access to private items as well as perform certain job functions while being unrestricted to their desks. This is however usually done on the blind side of management or the system administrator; a situation that tends to expose vital and sensitive corporate information to various threats like unwanted network traffic, unknown applications, malwares, and viruses. Expert opinions were elicited in this exploratory study. The study evaluated the characteristics of BYOD, assessed associated risks, threats and vulnerabilities. The findings indicate that little or no security measures were instituted to mitigate risks associated with BYOD. Though, profound benefits abound with BYOD adoption, they could be eroded by security threats and costs of mitigation in curing breaches. The most significant risk was found to be Data Loss which was in consonance with similar studies on Smartphone security risks. Some mitigation measures are then recommended.
Additional file 1 of Remote sampling of biomarkers of inflammation with linked patient generated health data in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: an Ecological Momentary Assessment feasibility study
Creators: name: Druce, Katie L.
name: Gibson, David S.
name: McEleney, Kevin
name: Yimer, Belay B.
name: Meleck, Stephanie
name: James, Ben
name: Hellman, Bruce
name: Dixon, William G.
name: McBeth, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Baseline Questionnaire.
Additional file 2 of Remote sampling of biomarkers of inflammation with linked patient generated health data in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: an Ecological Momentary Assessment feasibility study
Creators: name: Druce, Katie L.
name: Gibson, David S.
name: McEleney, Kevin
name: Yimer, Belay B.
name: Meleck, Stephanie
name: James, Ben
name: Hellman, Bruce
name: Dixon, William G.
name: McBeth, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Symptoms recorded via the uMotif app.
A spectroscopic study of the Globular Cluster M28 (NGC~6626)
Creators: name: Villanova, S.
name: Bidin, C. Moni
name: Mauro, F.
name: Munoz, C.
name: Monaco, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the abundance analysis for a sample of 17 red giant branch stars in the metal-poor globular cluster M28 based on high resolution spectra. This is the first extensive spectroscopic study of this cluster. We derive abundances of O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Ba, La, Ce, and Eu. We find a metallicity of [Fe/H]=-1.29+-0.01 and an alpha-enhancement of +0.34+-0.01 (errors on the mean), typical of Halo Globular Clusters in this metallicity regime. A large spread is observed in the abundances of light elements O, Na, and Al. Mg also shows an anticorrelation with Al with a significance of 3 sigma. The cluster shows a Na-O anticorrelation and a Na-Al correlation. This correlation is not linear but "segmented" and that the stars are not distributed continuously, but form at least 3 well separated sub-populations. In this aspect M28 resembles NGC~2808 that was found to host at least 5 sub-populations. The presence of a Mg-Al anticorrelation favor massive AGB stars as the main polluters responsible for the multiple-population phenomenon.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication on MNRAS. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1605.03408
Additional file 3 of Remote sampling of biomarkers of inflammation with linked patient generated health data in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases: an Ecological Momentary Assessment feasibility study
Creators: name: Druce, Katie L.
name: Gibson, David S.
name: McEleney, Kevin
name: Yimer, Belay B.
name: Meleck, Stephanie
name: James, Ben
name: Hellman, Bruce
name: Dixon, William G.
name: McBeth, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Symptom reporting: Pain and mood.
What are teachers interested in toward educational examples? A study of trainees' use of video-enhanced resources
Creators: name: Flandin, Simon
name: Auby, Marine
name: Ria, Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article reports on a case study on teachers' video-enhanced education. Considering the fact that video exemplification is a thriving practice in the field although there is little consensus in the literature regarding its instructional issues, it seems appropriate to focus on the activity carried out by teachers in video-enhanced devices in order to identify promising characteristics (nature of the examples, types of associations between them, documentation methods, organization and scenarization, etc.). This study involved six trainees who used, during two sessions of 45 minutes, a digital device based on a " pedagogy of typical professional paths " (Durand, 2014; Ria \& Leblanc, 2011). The goal was to better understand their use of video exemplification and sense-making. The results indicate that student teachers (i) preferentially target resources about "economic rules"; (ii) plebiscite classroom situations, always consulted; (iii) are particularly interested (even if they are sometimes disappointed) in the experts' testimonies; (iv) initially show a distrust toward resources assumed to be theoretical; (v) get gradually interested in these resources during the second session. We conclude with several empirical and technological prospects for the design of video-enhanced devices for teacher induction.
description: in French
Anatomy of Dynamical Quantum Phase Transitions
Creators: name: Van Damme, Maarten
name: Desaules, Jean-Yves
name: Papić, Zlatko
name: Halimeh, Jad C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Global quenches of quantum many-body models can give rise to periodic dynamical quantum phase transitions (DQPTs) directly connected to the zeros of a Landau order parameter (OP). The associated dynamics has been argued to bear close resemblance to Rabi oscillations characteristic of two-level systems. Here, we address the question of whether this DQPT behavior is merely a manifestation of the limit of an effective two-level system or if it can arise as part of a more complex dynamics. We focus on quantum many-body scarring as a useful toy model allowing us to naturally study state transfer in an otherwise chaotic system. We find that a DQPT signals a change in the dominant contribution to the wave function in the degenerate initial-state manifold, with a direct relation to an OP zero only in the special case of occurring at the midpoint of an evenly degenerate manifold. Our work generalizes previous results and reveals that, in general, periodic DQPTs comprise complex many-body dynamics fundamentally beyond that of two-level systems.
description: Accepted version
Multi-Tenancy Issues with Service Delivery in Developing Economies: Privacy, Trust and Availability Concerns
Creators: name: Yeboah-Boateng, Ezer Osei
name: Appiah-Nketiah, Akosua Boakyewaa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cloud computing is a new paradigm and innovation in the technology service delivery. It is utilized for IT-enabled value creation. The capex-free nature of cloud service delivery renders it very attractive to many SMEs. But it is saddled with multi-tenancy issues; prominent under this study are concerns of privacy, trust and availability. How do end-users trust providers with their sensitive data? How secured and confidential are their corporate assets? Amidst the perennial power outages (a.k.a. Dumsor), what is the acceptable available uptime? We sampled and interviewed cloud service providers (CSPs) as well as end-users in Ghana, a developing economy. We also gleaned through some secondary data to ascertain some operational concerns. The results indicate that security and service level agreements (SLAs) are key concerns in respect of privacy and trust issues. Similarly, perennial power outages and security were key availability concerns. This was expected as end-users use cloud services for mission critical information assets, and so requires high availability. The implications are that the cyber-security concerns ought to be addressed if SMEs in developing economies are to adopt and accept cloud computing resources for IT-enabled competitive advantage.
Transport mirages in single-molecule devices
Creators: name: Gaudenzi, Rocco
name: Misiorny, Maciej
name: Burzurí, Enrique
name: Wegewijs, Maarten R.
name: van der Zant, Herre S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular systems can exhibit a complex, chemically tailorable inner structure which allows for targeting of specific mechanical, electronic and optical properties. At the single-molecule level, two major complementary ways to explore these properties are molecular quantum-dot structures and scanning probes. This article outlines comprehensive principles of electron-transport spectroscopy relevant to both these approaches and presents a new, high-resolution experiment on a high-spin single-molecule junction exemplifying these principles. Such spectroscopy plays a key role in further advancing our understanding of molecular and atomic systems, in particular the relaxation of their spin. In this joint experimental and theoretical analysis, particular focus is put on the crossover between resonant regime [single-electron tunneling (SET)] and the off-resonant regime [inelastic electron (co)tunneling (IETS)]. We show that the interplay of these two processes leads to unexpected mirages of resonances not captured by either of the two pictures alone. Although this turns out to be important in a large fraction of the possible regimes of level positions and bias voltages, it has been given little attention in molecular transport studies. Combined with nonequilibrium IETS -- four-electron pump-probe excitations -- these mirages provide crucial information on the relaxation of spin excitations. Our encompassing physical picture is supported by a master-equation approach that goes beyond weak coupling. The present work encourages the development of a broader connection between the fields of molecular quantum-dot and scanning probe spectroscopy.
description: 28 pages, 16 figures. Submitted to "Journal of Chemical Physics"
Additional file 1 of Contemporary use of SGLT2 inhibitors in heart failure patients with diabetes mellitus: a comparison of DPP4 inhibitors in a nationwide electric health database of the superaged society
Creators: name: Nakai, Michikazu
name: Iwanaga, Yoshitaka
name: Kanaoka, Koshiro
name: Sumita, Yoko
name: Nishioka, Yuichi
name: Myojin, Tomoya
name: Kubo, Shinichiro
name: Okada, Katsuki
name: Soeda, Tsunenari
name: Noda, Tatsuya
name: Sakata, Yasushi
name: Imamura, Tomoaki
name: Saito, Yoshihiko
name: Yasuda, Satoshi
name: Miyamoto, Yoshihiro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Kaplan–Meier analysis of all-cause readmission for SGLT2 and DPP4 inhibitor use at discharge in overall patients and in patients aged ≥75 years. Figure S2. Stratified analysis for all-cause readmission in the propensity-matched cohort. Table S1. Definition and codes used in baseline characteristics. Table S2. Univariate/multivariable multilevel logistic analysis for mortality and readmissions. Table S3. Baseline characteristics after propensity matching.
Active spin lattice hyperpolarization: Application to hexagonal boron nitride color centers
Creators: name: Tabesh, F. T.
name: Fani, M.
name: Pedernales, J. S.
name: Plenio, M. B.
name: Abdi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The active driving of the electron spin of a color center is known as a method for the hyperpolarization of the surrounding nuclear spin bath and to initialize a system with large number of spins. Here, we investigate the efficiency of this approach for various spin coupling schemes in a one-dimensional Heisenberg chain coupled to a central spin. To extend our study to the realistic systems with a large number of interacting spins, we employ an approximate method based on Holstein-Primakoff transformation. The validity of the method for describing spin polarization dynamics is benchmarked by the exact numerics for a small lattice, where the accuracy of the bosonic Holstein-Primakoff approximation approach is confirmed. We, thus, extend our analysis to larger spin systems where the exact numerics are out of reach. The results prove the efficiency of the active driving method when the central spin interaction with the spin bath is long range and the inter-spin interactions in the bath spins is large enough. The method is then applied to the realistic case of optically active negatively charged boron vacancy centers ($V_B$) in hexagonal boron nitride. Our results suggest that a high degree of hyperpolarization in the boron and nitrogen nuclear spin lattices is achievable even starting from a fully thermal bath. As an initialization, our work provides the first step toward the realization of a two-dimensional quantum simulator based on natural nuclear spins and it can prove useful for extending the coherence time of the $V_B$ centers.
Characteristics of the flankmagnetopause: Cluster observations
Creators: name: Haaland, S.
name: Reistad, J.
name: Tenfjord, P.
name: Gjerloev, J.
name: Maes, L.
name: DeKeyser, J.
name: Maggiolo, R.
name: Anekallu, C.
name: Dorville, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetopause is a current sheet forming the boundary between the geomagnetic field on one side and the shocked solar wind on the other side. This paper discusses properties of the low-latitude dawn and dusk flanks of the magnetopause. The reported results are based on a large number of measurements obtained by the Cluster satellites during magnetopause traversals. Using a combination of single-spacecraft and multispacecraft techniques, we calculated macroscopic features such as thickness, location, and motion of the magnetopause. The results show that the typical flank magnetopause is significantly thicker than the dayside magnetopause and also possesses a pronounced and persistent dawn-dusk asymmetry. Thicknesses vary from 150 to 5000 km, with an median thickness of around 1400 km at dawn and around 1150 km at dusk. Current densities are on average higher on dusk, suggesting that the total current at dawn and dusk are similar. Solar wind conditions and the interplanetary magnetic field cannot fully explain the observed dawn-dusk asymmetry. For a number of crossings we were also able to derive detailed current density profiles. The profiles show that the magnetopause often consists of two or more adjacent current sheets, each current sheet typically several ion gyroradii thick and often with different current direction. This demonstrates that the flank magnetopause has a structure that is more complex than the thin, one-dimensional current sheet described by a Chapman-Ferraro layer.
Circular Photogalvanic Effect in Organometal Halide Perovskite CH$_3$NH$_3$PbI$_3$
Creators: name: Li, Junwen
name: Haney, Paul M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the circular photogalvanic effect in the organometal halide perovskite solar cell absorber CH$_3$NH$_3$PbI$_3$. For crystal structures which lack inversion symmetry, the calculated photocurrent density is about $10^{-9}$ A/W, comparable to the previously studied quantum well and bulk Rashba systems. Because of the dependence of the circular photogalvanic effect on inversion symmetry breaking, the degree of inversion asymmetry at different depths from the surface can be probed by tuning the photon energy and associated penetration depth. We propose that measurements of this effect may clarify the presence or absence of inversion symmetry, which remains a controversial issue and has been argued to play an important role in the high conversion efficiency of this material.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Can Tonne-Scale Direct Detection Experiments Discover Nuclear Dark Matter?
Creators: name: Butcher, A.
name: Kirk, R.
name: Monroe, J.
name: West, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models of nuclear dark matter propose that the dark sector contains large composite states consisting of dark nucleons in analogy to Standard Model nuclei. We examine the direct detection phenomenology of a particular class of nuclear dark matter model at the current generation of tonne-scale liquid noble experiments, in particular DEAP-3600 and XENON1T. In our chosen nuclear dark matter scenario distinctive features arise in the recoil energy spectra due to the non-point-like nature of the composite dark matter state. We calculate the number of events required to distinguish these spectra from those of a standard point-like WIMP state with a decaying exponential recoil spectrum. In the most favourable regions of nuclear dark matter parameter space, we find that a few tens of events are needed to distinguish nuclear dark matter from WIMPs at the $3\,σ$ level in a single experiment. Given the total exposure time of DEAP-3600 and XENON1T we find that at best a $2\,σ$ distinction is possible by these experiments individually, while $3\,σ$ sensitivity is reached for a range of parameters by the combination of the two experiments. We show that future upgrades of these experiments have potential to distinguish a large range of nuclear dark matter models from that of a WIMP at greater than $3\,σ$.
description: 23 pages, 7 multipanel figures
Instabilities and turbulence in stellarators from the perspective of global codes
Creators: name: Sánchez, E.
name: Navarro, A. Bañón
name: Wilms, F.
name: Borchardt, M.
name: Kleiber, R.
name: Jenko, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, a comparison of the global gyrokinetic codes EUTERPE and GENE-3D in stellarator configurations of LHD and W7-X is carried out. In linear simulations with adiabatic electrons, excellent agreement is found in the mode numbers, growth rate and frequency, mode structure, and spatial localization of the most unstable mode in LHD. In W7-X, the dependence of the growth rate and frequency with the mode number is well reproduced by both codes. The codes are also compared in linear simulations with kinetic ions and electrons in W7-X using model profiles, and reasonable agreement is found in the wavenumber of the most unstable modes. A stabilization of small-scale modes in kinetic-electron simulations with respect to the adiabatic-electron case is consistently found in both codes. Nonlinear simulations using adiabatic electrons and model profiles are also studied and the heat fluxes are compared. Very good agreement is found in the turbulent ion heat fluxes in both LHD and W7-X. Two problems that cannot be properly accounted for in local flux tube codes are studied: the localization of instabilities and turbulence over the flux surface and the influence of a background long-wavelength electric field. Good agreement between codes is found with respect to the spatial localization of instabilities and turbulence over the flux surface. The localization of saturated turbulence is found in both codes to be much smaller than that of the linear instabilities and smaller than previously reported in full-surface radially-local simulations. The influence of the electric field on the localization is also found to be smaller in the developed turbulent state than in the linear phase, and smaller than in previous works. A stabilizing effect of a constant electric field on the linearly unstable modes is found in both codes. A moderate reduction of turbulent transport by the radial electric field...
Steady-state and dynamic simulation of large thermal systems
Creators: name: Haag, Scott Thomas
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2005
Subjects: Office of Naval Research
Electrical-thermal management
Dynamic simulation
ProTRAX

description: The United States Navy has made a corporate decision to develop all-electric technology for inclusion in all future classes of its warships. In anticipation of this, the Office of Naval Research (ONR) continues to support fundamental and applied research in power and thermal management aboard such ships. Thus, as one avenue of activity, ONR is involved in an on-going process to develop transient modeling and simulation tools that may be used to investigate coupled electrical-thermal management issues for its future all-electric ships. The Navy is interested in dynamic models because many of the thermal loads on future all-electric ships have the potential to be heavily dynamic in nature, e.g., electric weaponry and pulsed sensors. The overarching theme of this thesis is thermal management modeling and simulation for large naval ship systems. The work reported here evaluates and utilizes two simulation tools, one steady-state and one dynamic, that were found suitable for modeling surface ship thermal systems. The current Arleigh Burke class destroyer (DDG-51) was used to baseline this modeling activity. The steady-state modeling tool, Cycle-Tempo, was first used in a demonstration – validation problem of a fuel cell – gas turbine hybrid system. Then, as an element of the mainstream work, Cycle-Tempo was used to model and simulate major portions of the DDG-51 thermal management system. Next, Cycle-Tempo was used, along with fundamental thermal analyses, to evaluate a novel cooling scheme that permits heat rejection directly through the hull and into the sea. The dynamic modeling tool of choice, ProTRAX, is a well established commercial product used principally to simulate thermal components and control aspects of conventional power plants. Operation and use of the ProTRAX simulation system is reviewed and discussed. To support the work reported here, the refrigerant R134a was introduced into ProTRAX and validated against established thermodynamic property representations. Finally, ProTRAX was adapted and used to construct a dynamic model of the Navy’s existing 200-ton, vapor compression refrigeration chiller. The model includes the baseline chiller and associated controls and is exercised against sudden and gradual changes in cooling load