cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
High Speed Dynamics of Collapsing Cylindrical Dust Fluid
Creators: name: Nakao, Ken-ichi
name: Morisawa, Yoshiyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct approximate solutions that will describe the last stage of cylindrically symmetric gravitational collapse of dust fluid. Just before the spacetime singularity formation, the speed of the dust fluid might be almost equal to the speed of light by gravitational acceleration. Therefore the analytic solution describing the dynamics of cylindrical null dust might be the crudest approximate solution of the last stage of the gravitational collapse. In this paper, we regard this null dust solution as a background and perform `high-speed approximation' to know the gravitational collapse of ordinary timelike dust fluid; the `deviation of the timelike 4-velocity vector field from null' is treated as a perturbation. In contrast with the null dust approximation, our approximation scheme can describe the generation of gravitational waves in the course of the cylindrically symmetric dust collapse.
description: 15 pages
Additional file 2 of How do the general population behave with facemasks to prevent COVID-19 in the community? A multi-site observational study
Creators: name: Deschanvres, Colin
name: Haudebourg, Thomas
name: Peiffer-Smadja, Nathan
name: Blanckaert, Karine
name: Boutoille, David
name: Jean-Christophe Lucet
name: Birgand, Gabriel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Fig. S2: Definitions for the qualitative evaluation of mask position.
Improving bounds on flavor changing vertices in the two Higgs doublet model from $B-\bar{B}$ mixing
Creators: name: Diaz, Rodolfo A.
name: Martinez, R.
name: Sandoval, Carlos E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find some constraints on the flavor changing vertices of the two Higgs doublet model, from the ΔM_{B_{d}} measurement. Although bounds from this observable have already been considered, this paper takes into account the role of a new operator not included previously, as well as the vertices ξ_{bb}, ξ_{tc} and ξ_{sb}. Using the Cheng-Sher parametrization, we found that for a relatively light charged Higgs boson (200-300 GeV), we get that λ_{tt}<1, while the parameter λ_{bb} could have values up to about 50. In addition, we use bounds for λ_{tt} and λ_{bb} obtained from B^{0}->X_{s}γat next to leading order, and studied the case where the only vanishing vertex factors are the ones involving quarks from the first family. We obtained that ΔM_{B_{d}} is not sensitive to the change of the parameter λ_{sb}, while λ_{tc}<1
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, LaTeX2e
Additional file 2 of Predictors of oral healthcare utilization and satisfaction among Indian migrants and the host population in the Netherlands
Creators: name: Pabbla, Amandeep
name: Duijster, Denise
name: Aartman, Irene H. A.
name: Agyemang, Charles
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2
Comment on "First-order phase transitions of type-I superconducting films" [Phys. Rev. A 322 (2004) 111]
Creators: name: Shopova, D. V.
name: Uzunov, D. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The authors of the paper indicated in the title derived an erroneous effective free energy of superconducting slabs (films) and this error led them to entirely wrong conclusions. Here we shall make clear the genesis of this mistake.
description: 4 pages, Miktex; submitted to Phys. Lett. A
Estimating the demand for Sea Angling in Irish Waters using on-site travel cost models
Creators: name: Hynes, Stephen
name: Gaeven Rainey,
name: O’Reilly, Paul
name: Hynes, Stephen
name: Gaeven Rainey,
name: O’Reilly, Paul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: On-site and household sampling,
subject: recreation demand,
subject: hurdle count data models,
subject: truncation,
subject: endogenous stratification,
subject: angling.

description: Sea angling is often over-looked in debates related to the sustainability of commercial fisheries, tourism and impacts on marine ecosystem service provision from coastal developments. This paper presents the estimation of a sea angling demand function for Irish waters. The negative binomial models also account for truncation and endogenous stratification; two issues that need to be controlled for when dealing with on-site sampled populations. Given the dispersed nature of sea angling activity, the chosen model does not focus on one specific site as is common in the literature for count data travel cost models but rather estimates the total demand for sea angling in the season, no matter where the angling takes place along the Irish coast. We use this empirical work to discuss the more general debate surrounding resource allocation between commercial fisheries and recreational anglers. The results indicate the high value of the Irish marine environment as a recreational angling resource.
IO-VNBD: Inertial and Odometry Benchmark Dataset for Ground Vehicle Positioning
Creators: name: Onyekpe, Uche
name: Palade, Vasile
name: Kanarachos, Stratis
name: Szkolnik, Alicja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Low-cost inertial navigation sensors (INS) can be exploited for a reliable tracking solution for autonomous vehicles. However, position errors grow exponentially due to noises in the measurements. Several deep learning techniques have been investigated to mitigate the errors for a better navigation solution [1-10]. However, these studies have involved the use of different datasets not made publicly available. The lack of a robust benchmark dataset has thus hindered the advancement in the research, comparison and adoption of deep learning techniques for vehicle positioning based on inertial navigation. In order to facilitate the benchmarking, fast development and evaluation of positioning algorithms, we therefore present the first of its kind large-scale and information-rich inertial and odometry focused public dataset called IO-VNBD (Inertial Odometry Vehicle Navigation Benchmark Dataset).The vehicle tracking dataset was recorded using a research vehicle equipped with ego-motion sensors on public roads in the United Kingdom, Nigeria, and France. The sensors include a GPS receiver, inertial navigation sensors, wheel-speed sensors amongst other sensors found on the car as well as the inertial navigation sensors and GPS receiver in an android smart phone sampling at 10HZ. A diverse number of scenarios and vehicle dynamics are captured such as traffic, round-abouts, hard-braking etc. on different road types (country roads, motorways etc.) with varying driving patterns. The dataset consists of a total driving time of about 40 hours over 1,300km for the vehicle extracted data and about 58 hours over 4,400 km for the smartphone recorded data. We hope that this dataset will prove valuable in furthering research on the correlation between vehicle dynamics and its displacement as well as other related studies
Effectiveness of Entrepreneurship Training Courses in Ilam Province, Iran
Creators: name: Moradnezhadi, Homayoon
name: Moradnezhadi, Homayoon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Effectiveness
subject: Training courses
subject: Entrepreneurship
subject: Entrepreneurial skills
subject: Ilam

description: Given entrepreneurs’ special role in the economic growth and development, many developed and developing countries are attempting to motivate more number of people who have entrepreneurial characteristics towards entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial activities. The purpose of this research was to study the effectiveness of entrepreneurship training courses in Ilam Province, Iran. In this research a descriptive survey method was used. The statistical population consisted of 830 people that based on Cochran’s formula and by using proportionate stratified random sampling method 130 people were selected as the sample. The research tool was a questionnaire which its validity was confirmed by a panel of experts’ and its reliability was estimated using Cronbach’s alpha as to be 0.83 proving its high reliability. Data were analyzed by SPSS Software Package. It was found that participants’ inclination towards self-employment and entrepreneurship was increased after attending the courses. Also, significant differences were observed in participants’ readiness to start a business, their familiarity with entrepreneurship concepts and their ability to make a business plan before and after attending the courses.
Knot mutation: 4-genus of knots and algebraic concordance
Creators: name: Kim, Se-Goo
name: Livingston, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25

description: Kearton observed that mutation can change the concordance class of a knot. A close examination of his example reveals that it is of 4-genus 1 and has a mutant of 4-genus 0. The first goal of this paper is to construct examples to show that for any pair of nonnegative integers m and n there is a knot of 4-genus m with a mutant of 4-genus n. A second result of this paper is a crossing change formula for the algebraic concordance class of a knot, which is then applied to prove the invariance of the algebraic concordance class under mutation. The paper concludes with an application of crossing change formulas to give a short new proof of Long's theorem that strongly positive amphicheiral knots are algebraically slice.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Analyses of Labour Productivity among Small-Holder Cassava Farmers for Food Security and Empowerment in Central Madagascar
Creators: name: Okoye, B.C.
name: Abass, A.
name: Bachwenkizi, B.
name: Asumugha, G.
name: Alenkhe, B.
name: Ranaivoson, R.
name: Randrianarivelo, R.
name: Rabemanantsoa, N
name: Ralimanana, I
name: Okoye, B.C.
name: Abass, A.
name: Bachwenkizi, B.
name: Asumugha, G.
name: Alenkhe, B.
name: Ranaivoson, R.
name: Randrianarivelo, R.
name: Rabemanantsoa, N
name: Ralimanana, I
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Farm size
subject: Family labour
subject: Membership of cooperatives

description: Labour productivity affects food security, but quantifying this relationship has been scarce with respect to empirical literature. The Central Madagascar dataset explores the influence of labour productivity and related variables on the food security status of cassava farmers. Drawing on both theory and empirical evidence, this paper argues that fundamental effects of links between labour productivity and food security are most times often overlooked currently in policy analyses. The study used a probit regression analytical procedure to explain the effect of labour productivity on food security of 180 Malagasy small- holder cassava farmers selected through a multi-stage random sampling technique. Results showed that 25% of the cassava farmers were food in-secure. Labour productivity had a direct relationship with food security status of farmers at 1% level of probability as well as membership of cooperatives and farm size. Aged farmers were more food insecure at 10% level of probability than their younger counterparts. Households with high dependency ratio and family labour tend to be food insecure at 1% and 10% level of probability respectively among the farmers sampled. The results therefore call for land re-distribution and re-form policies aimed at encouraging younger farmers who seem to be more labour productive by allocating more land to these group (as cooperatives) to increase cassava cultivation thereby giving a boost to food security.
Additional file 1 of Predictors of oral healthcare utilization and satisfaction among Indian migrants and the host population in the Netherlands
Creators: name: Pabbla, Amandeep
name: Duijster, Denise
name: Aartman, Irene H. A.
name: Agyemang, Charles
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Performance and characteristics of retail S&P 500 Index mutual funds
Creators: name: Smith, David M.
name: Baker, H
name: Haslem, John A.
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.); University of Maryland College Park; State University of New York at Albany
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3502
subject: Banking, finance and investment

description: Description to be added
A New Approach to Quantising Space-Time: II. Quantising on a Category of Sets
Creators: name: Isham, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper by the author, a new approach was suggested for quantising space-time, or space. This involved developing a procedure for quantising a system whose configuration space--or history-theory analogue--is the set of objects in a (small) category $\Q$. In the present paper, we show how this theory can be applied to the special case when $\Q$ is a category of sets. This includes the physically important examples where $\Q$ is a category of causal sets, or topological spaces.
description: Latex2e; minor changes only
Analyzing the Role of Self-Esteem Dimensions in Student’s Achievement Motivation (A Case of M.Sc. Students of Agriculture in Tehran University)
Creators: name: Manafi, Donya
name: Movahhed, Hamid
name: Hejazi, Yousef
name: Manafi, Donya
name: Movahhed, Hamid
name: Hejazi, Yousef
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Achievement motivation
subject: Self-esteem dimension
subject: Agriculture students

description: The main purpose of this study was to analyze the role of self- esteem dimensions on student’s achievement motivation. The statistical population consisted of MSc students in College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran (N=712). According to Cochran formula, 175 students were selected through quota sampling method. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire which its validity was confirmed by a panel of experts. Its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficients (α ≥0.7). The results of descriptive statistics showed that the amount of achievement motivation, global self-esteem, family self-esteem and social self-esteem found to be at a moderate level, whereas their educational self-esteem was found to be at a low level. The results of ANOVA showed that there are significant differences among students based on their levels of self-esteem and achievement motivation. Students with higher levels of self- esteem had achievement motivation more than others. Moreover, the results of logistic regression demonstrated that different aspects of self-esteem (including global self-esteem, social self-esteem and educational self-esteem) has a great ability to predict levels of students’ development. These factors explained 69.10 percent of the total variance.
On dark matter search after DAMA with Ge-73
Creators: name: Bednyakov, V. A.
name: Klapdor-Kleingrothaus, H. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) is one of the main candidates for the relic dark matter (DM).In the effective low-energy minimal supersymmetric standard model (effMSSM) the neutralino-nucleon spin and scalar cross sections in the low-mass regime were calculated. The calculated cross sections are compared with almost all experimental currently available exclusion curves for spin-dependent WIMP-proton and WIMP-neutron cross sections. It is demonstrated that in general about two-orders-of-magnitude improvement of the current DM experiment sensitivities is needed to reach the (effMSSM) SUSY predictions. At the current level of accuracy it looks reasonable to safely neglect sub-dominant spin WIMP-nucleon contributions analyzing the data from spin-non-zero targets. To avoid misleading discrepancies between data and SUSY calculations it is, however, preferable to use a mixed spin-scalar coupling approach.This approach is applied to estimate future prospects of experiments with the odd-neutron high-spin isotope Ge-73. It is noticed that the DAMA evidence favors the light Higgs sector in the effMSSM, a high event rate in a Ge-73 detector and relatively high upgoing muon fluxes from relic neutralino annihilations in the Earth and the Sun.
description: 29 pages, 12 figures, 124 references
Talent Management in Agricultural Higher Education System in Iran: Based on Grounded Theory
Creators: name: Sobhani, Seyed Mohammad Javad
name: Chizari, Mohammad
name: Sadighi, Hassan
name: Alambeig, Amir
name: Sobhani, Seyed Mohammad Javad
name: Chizari, Mohammad
name: Sadighi, Hassan
name: Alambeig, Amir
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Agricultural education
subject: Grounded Theory
subject: Human resources architecture
subject: Talent management

description: This study provides a framework and definition to the notion of talent management process and describes how it fits the human resources architecture of agricultural higher education system in Iran. This qualitative study was conducted using semi-structured interviews for data collection and systematic grounded theory methods for data analysis. For this study, we selected and interviewed 15 experts of agricultural extension and education and human resources management by snowball sampling. Furthermore, we transcribed and analyzed the interviews and literature using the MAXQDA software. Using the systematic Grounded Theory Method, our findings suggest that equal treatment with talents and other staff was the main concern of the experts. Based on the results, organizational factors and human factors were involved to resolve this concern. In addition, with regard to the contextual and individual factors, the talent management process can play an important role in improving workforce and the organizational performance in agricultural higher education system.
title: Managing the Import and Use of Healthcare Technology in Sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Temple-Bird, Caroline
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2005

description: This Thesis investigates the import and use of healthcare technology into Sub-Saharan Africa. With the increasing range of equipment types present in the health sector, the effective management of technology is of growing importance if health services are to improve in developing countries. Yet this sector has been relatively neglected within the traditional technology transfer, management, and development literature.

The activities and players involved in the healthcare technology sector are complex, thus an holistic healthcare technology package system is identified, and theoretically and practically assessed as a modelling framework. This tool is applied to provide detailed analysis in three case study countries over time - Zambia in 1990, Botswana in 1992, and Namibia in 1997, with a documented learning process.

The key issue pursued is how to improve the sustainability of healthcare technology. This proves fundamentally to be a management issue, and five overarching key constraints emerge-:

* the institutional framework available for delivering healthcare technology management throughout a country,

* training personnel and developing a national technical management capacity;

* sufficient allocation of financial resources;

* technical support availability from the private sector,

* the role played by external support agencies.

These five issues are studied in detail with support from relevant literature. The research proves that it is necessary to approach the subject from three perspectives. Thus a Thesis framework is used which ensures that healthcare technology is analysed as a Technological Systems issue, an Institutional Organization issue, and a Development issue. The area of overlap between these perspectives is key to finding creative solutions for sustainability.

The conclusions show that cross-denominational strategies will be essential between health service providers, the national support environment, donors agencies, the private sector, and the region. All institutions involved need to find ways to become 'learning organizations' in this field.
Periodic points for good reduction maps on curves
Creators: name: Einsiedler, Manfred
name: Everest, Graham
name: Ward, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11S05; 37F10

description: The periodic points of a morphism of good reduction for a smooth projective curve with good reduction over the p-adics form a discrete set. This is used to give an interpretation of the morphic height in terms of asymptotic properties of periodic points, and a morphic analogue of Jensen's formula.
Assessment Improving and Organizing Mechanism of Water Users Cooperatives Using AHP Method in Esfarayen County, Iran
Creators: name: Hosseinpur, Zahra
name: Menhaj, Mohammad Hossein
name: Kavoosi-Kalashami, Mohammad
name: Hosseinpur, Zahra
name: Menhaj, Mohammad Hossein
name: Kavoosi-Kalashami, Mohammad
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Organizing mechanism
subject: Development
subject: Water Users’ Cooperative (WUAS)
subject: Analytical hierarchical process

description: Institutionalization of Water Users’ Cooperatives (WUAS) is one of the strategies for cooperative irrigation management, which lays the foundation for the participation of farmers in tackling water shortage challenge to reach the objectives of sustainable management of agricultural water in an efficient manner. The main purpose of the present study was to identify the grounds for improving WUAs and prioritizing the effective factors for developing and strengthening these cooperatives. The statistical population was comprised of experts and members of the board of directors as well as elite farmers who were WUAs members in 2015 (n=40). The interviewees were selected through consensus sampling. The analytic hierarchy process was used to prioritize the mechanism of improvement and development of WUAs. Based on the final weights of the criteria, the mechanisms received the following scores: supportive mechanism (0.266), agricultural irrigation management (0.261), economic mechanism (0.183), education and extension (0.123), and legal mechanism (0.090) and WUA’s members’ attitude (0.076). Accordingly, the supportive, agricultural irrigation management and economic mechanisms were the most important mechanisms to improve WUAs. Hence, it is recommended that low-interest financing should be provided by the Agriculture Jihad Organization in collaboration with the Agricultural Bank for transforming from traditional irrigation to localized irrigation.
The Asymptotic Giant Branch of NGC 205: The Characteristics of Carbon Stars and M Giants Identified from JHK' Images
Creators: name: Davidge, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: J, H, and K' images are used to investigate the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) content of the Local Group dwarf elliptical galaxy NGC 205. The AGB on the (K, H-K) and (K, J-K) color-magnitude diagrams consists of two sequences: a near-vertical plume of giants with spectral types K and M, and a red arm containing C stars. There are 320 C stars with M_bol < -4.1 and J-K > 1.5 within 2 arcmin of the nucleus. C stars account for 10% of the integrated luminosity of AGB stars brighter than M_bol = -3.75 near the center of NGC 205, and this is in excellent agreement with what is measured in intermediate-age clusters in the LMC. The most luminous AGB star has M_bol = -6.5, although variability introduces an uncertainty of a few tenths of a magnitude when using this as an estimate of the AGB-tip brightness. Comparisons with models suggest that the brightest AGB stars formed within the past 0.1 Gyr, and that the previous episode of star formation occured a few tenths of a Gyr earlier. These results are consistent with star formation in NGC 205 being triggered by interactions with M31. These data also demonstrate that near-infrared imaging provides an efficient means of identifying C stars in nearby galaxies.
description: 16 pages of text; 8 postscript figures; will appear in ApJ
Small business financing : survey evidence in west Texas
Creators: name: He, Wei
name: Baker, H
Publisher: name: Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3502
subject: Banking, finance and investment

description: We investigate the financial sources of small firms through a survey of sample firms from West Texas. Evidence shows that the two most common start-up financing alternatives are personal savings and commercial bank loans. Commercial banks remain the most popular source of financing for present and future needs, followed by leasing companies and credit unions. Informal types of financing such as business credit cards, and trade credit are used in addition to lines of credit for transaction and working capital purposes. Firms typically review their financial performance monthly and use common cash balances as the primary financial tool.
Additional file 1 of High throughput sequencing provides exact genomic locations of inducible prophages and accurate phage-to-host ratios in gut microbial strains
Creators: name: Zünd, Mirjam
name: Hans-Joachim Ruscheweyh
name: Field, Christopher M.
name: Meyer, Natalie
name: Miguelangel Cuenca
name: Hoces, Daniel
name: Wolf-Dietrich Hardt
name: Sunagawa, Shinichi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure S1. A correct reference genome sequence is favourable for determining accurate ΔPtoH ratios. Supplementary Figure S2: Several in vitro-induced Oligo-MM12 strains reveal genomic regions with putative prophages. Supplementary Figure S3. OPR analysis localtes a putative prophage region in cultured A. muris KB18 and F. plautii YL31. Supplementary Figure S4. Ex vivo induction of prophages in A. muciniphila YL44 and B. coccoides YL58.
Lyman Break Galaxies at $z\sim5$: Rest-Frame UV Spectra
Creators: name: Ando, Masataka
name: Ohta, Kouji
name: Iwata, Ikuru
name: Watanabe, Chisato
name: Tamura, Naoyuki
name: Akiyama, Masayuki
name: Aoki, Kentaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report initial results for spectroscopic observations of candidates of Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) at $z\sim5$ in a region centered on the Hubble Deep Field-North by using the Faint Object Camera and Spectrograph attached to the Subaru Telescope. Eight objects with $I_C\leq25.0$ mag, including one AGN, are confirmed to be at $4.5
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, accepted by ApJ
title: Disenchantment with environmental education?: a longitudinal case study in a girls' secondary school (UK)
Creators: name: Sumner, Amira
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2005

description: A growing body of environmental education research suggests that environmental education has been unsuccessful in the achievement of some of its objectives. A dilemma exists - the environmental education being provided may be contributing to behaviour that is in conflict with the aims and objectives of this type of education. It was the aim of this research to build on previous work in order to describe the factors involved in a change seen in environmental disposition of UK secondary school &ls. The methodological approach taken to this research was that of a case study, including both cohort longitudinal) and cross-sectional aspects; also incorporating an action research approach taking the form of researcher diary, interviews, questionnaires and freewriting tasks throughout the 6 years of the study. Qualitative and quantitative approaches were used to analyse the empirical evidence. Freewriting was coded and a temporal-proximity grid was used to track changes in environmental concerns expressed by pupils through their schooling, key informants provided rich narratives of adolescent environmental thinking whilst statistics carried out on the questionnaire responses explored the wider-scale applicability of the data collected. The evidence is discussed with attention paid to factors relevant to the context - females going through adolescence. An Environmental Behaviour Portrait goes some way to visualizing the complex relationship between influences over environmental behaviour.
title: Essays on financial market aspects of corporate lawsuits and investor sentiment in stock markets
Creators: name: Flore, Christian
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2022

description: This dissertation’s first subject area considers the impact of legal proceedings on corporate valuation. The first paper of this subject area analyzes the shareholder wealth effects of corporate prosecution settlements in the U.S. from 2001 to 2014. The results show that the settlement of criminal prosecution leads to positive shareholder wealth effects due to the resolution of uncertainty. Stockholders generally view the announcement of plea agreements more positively than the announcement of deferred prosecution and non-prosecution agreements. Therefore, the argument that particularly large corporations are treated preferentially and suffer comparatively less when using pretrial diversions cannot be confirmed by the empirical results. The second paper considers the reaction of banks’ stocks, bonds, and credit default swaps to the announcements of monetary penalties. From 2005 to 2015, the 25 largest global financial institutions paid combined more than $285 billion in legal penalties. A reduction in default risk and lower financing costs, as well an increase in the stock market valuation is observed, suggesting that banks benefit from settling lawsuits. Again, the positive reaction is likely driven by the resolution of uncertainty. While the sued bank’s systemic risk increases in the size of the relative monetary penalty, also positive spillover effects to other banks facing pending lawsuits with the same plaintiff are observed, demonstrating the systemic effect of law enforcement against banks. Furthermore, banks appear to correctly anticipate penalties, as they are cash flow-effective but not income-effective in the year they are announced. In the second subject area of this dissertation, the impact of self-disclosed sentiment on the stock market is investigated using the two major social media platforms Seeking Alpha (SA) and StockTwits (ST). It is found that negative self-disclosed sentiment on SA produces economically significant negative returns on the next day. In contrast, self-disclosed disagreement and positive self-disclosed sentiment on ST induce significant trading volume the next day. Both effects are predominantly driven by small stocks. The results indicate that self-disclosed sentiment is a powerful means of measurement and that the quality oriented SA is connected to stock returns while the quantity oriented ST is connected to trading activity.
Potassium Isotope Compositions of Carbonaceous and Ordinary Chondrites: Implications on the Origin of Volatile Depletion in the Early Solar System
Creators: name: Bloom, Hannah
name: Lodders, Katharina
name: Chen, Heng
name: Zhao, Chen
name: Tian, Zhen
name: Koefoed, Piers
name: Peto, Maria K.
name: Jiang, Yun
name: Wang, Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar system materials are variably depleted in moderately volatile elements (MVEs) relative to the proto-solar composition. To address the origin of this MVE depletion, we conducted a systematic study of high-precision K isotopic composition on 16 carbonaceous chondrites (CCs) of types CM1-2, CO3, CV3, CR2, CK4-5 and CH3 and 28 ordinary chondrites (OCs) covering petrological types 3 to 6 and chemical groups H, L, and LL. We observed significant overall K isotope (delta41K) variations (-1.54 to 0.70 permil). The K isotope compositions of CCs are largely higher than the Bulk Silicate Earth (BSE) value, whereas OCs show typically lower values than BSE. Neither CCs nor OCs show resolvable correlations between K isotopes and chemical groups, petrological types, shock levels, exposure ages, fall or find occurrence, or terrestrial weathering. The lack of a clear trend between K isotopes and K content indicates that the K isotope fractionations were decoupled from the relative elemental K depletions. The range of K isotope variations in the CCs is consistent with a four-component (chondrule, refractory inclusion, matrix and water) mixing model that is able to explain the bulk elemental and isotopic compositions of the main CC groups, but requires a fractionation in K isotopic compositions in chondrules. We propose that the major control of the isotopic compositions of group averages is condensation or vaporization in nebular environments that is preserved in the compositional variation of chondrules. Parent-body processes (aqueous alteration, thermal metamorphism, and metasomatism) can mobilize K and affect the K isotopes in individual samples. In the case of the OCs, the full range of K isotopic variations can only be explained by the combined effects of the size and relative abundances of chondrules, parent-body aqueous and thermal alteration.
description: 71 pages, 2 tables, 9 figures
Kifusi: Towards an Ethnography of Rubble
Creators: name: Brunotti, Irene
Publisher: name: Stichproben - Wiener Zeitschrift für kritische Afrikastudien / Vienna Journal of African Studies
Year: 2021

description: In this work I talk about matter. In understanding the urban and its practices, I am concerned with the power of affect and memory, and here with the agency of the matter out of which they are built. Thinking through Mohamed Ghassani’s poetry, Abdul Sheriff’s historical knowledge and moved by the recent collapse of the House of Wonders in the Old Town of Zanzibar, I look at matter, and particularly rubble, as an actor in material-discursive practices (Barad 2007), and not just as the terrain of action. I look at rubble not as a component of ‘ruins’ but as active and present contemporary matter, the analysis of which discloses complexities that are, otherwise, simplified, invisible indeed, and, when addressed, run the risk of reifying and reproducing dangerous dichotomies and categorizations (Barad 2003). Looking at rubble as presently communicative restores agency to those humans and things who are constantly and regularly silenced because considered predetermined to their relations, and thus rendered fixed and unchangeable. The article eventually suggests that an ethnography of rubble can translate the plurality of invisible urbans, in response to the need to recalibrate urban studies away from “ the stories that the West tells about itself” (Roy 2019) and toward ontological and epistemological justice.
Troubles with quantum anistropic cosmological models: Loss of unitarity
Creators: name: Alvarenga, F. G.
name: Batista, A. B.
name: Fabris, J. C.
name: Gonçalves, S. V. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anisotropic Bianchi I cosmological model coupled with perfect fluid is quantized in the minisuperspace. The perfect fluid is described by using the Schutz formalism which allows to attribute dynamical degrees of freedom to matter. A Schrödinger-type equation is obtained where the matter variables play the role of time. However, the signature of the kinetic term is hyperbolic. This Schrödinger-like equation is solved and a wave packet is constructed. The norm of the resulting wave function comes out to be time dependent, indicating the loss of unitarity in this model. The loss of unitarity is due to the fact that the effective Hamiltonian is hermitian but not self-adjoint. The expectation value and the bohmian trajectories are evaluated leading to different cosmological scenarios, what is a consequence of the absence of a unitary quantum structure. The consistency of this quantum model is discussed as well as the generality of the absence of unitarity in anisotropic quantum models.
description: Latex file, 18 pages. To appear in General Relativity and Gravitation
Self-phase modulation of spherical gravitational waves
Creators: name: Mendonca, J. T.
name: Cardoso, V.
name: Marklund, M.
name: Servin, M.
name: Brodin, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-phase modulation of spherical gravitational wavepackets propagating in a flat space-time in the presence of a tenuous distribution of matter is considered. Analogies with respect to similar effects in nonlinear optics are explored. Self phase modulation of waves emitted from a single source can eventually lead to an efficient energy dilution of the gravitational wave energy over an increasingly large spectral range. An explicit criterium for the occurrence of a significant spectral energy dilution is established.
description: 11 pages
title: Dissection of the Interplay Between HPV E6 and Its Cellular and Viral Targets
Creators: name: Sterlinko Grm, Helena
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2005

description: Whilst numerous studies have assigned different activities to the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) proteins, most of these analyses have been performed using only individual viral proteins, in the absence of other viral gene products that would be encountered in the context of a normal viral infection. Because of this, we initiated a series of studies to investigate the biological consequences of coexpressing various combinations of the HPV-encoded proteins. We show that HPV E2 and E6 exert dramatic regulatory effects upon each other's activities, which are mediated by a direct protein-protein interaction. These include relocalisation and alteration of substrate specificity, as well as the fine tuning of viral DNA replication and gene expression. At the same time L2 was found to induce enhanced accumulation of E6 in promyeloitic leukemia oncogenic domains (PODs); one consequence of which is the targeting of the POD-associated protein Daxx for proteasome mediated degradation. These findings provide unique insights into the complexity of the viral life cycle, and suggest alternative models for the role of loss of E2 and potentially of L2 during malignant progression. Using peptides isolated from an E6-specific library the significance of the E6/E6-AP interaction for E6 target degradation was also investigated. These studies reveal striking differences in the mechanism by which E6 targets its cellular substrates for degradation and provide compelling evidence for the role of E6-associated ubiquitin ligases other than E6-AP in the degradation of certain E6 targets. This has profound importance for studies aimed at developing therapeutics to target the E6/E6-AP interaction.
Symmetries of the Energy-Momentum Tensor of Cylindrically Symmetric Static Spacetimes
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate matter symmetries of cylindrically symmetric static spacetimes. These are classified for both cases when the energy-momentum tensor is non-degenerate and also when it is degenerate. It is found that the non-degenerate energy-momentum tensor gives either three, four, five, six, seven or ten independent matter collineations in which three are isometries and the rest are proper. The worth mentioning cases are those where we obtain the group of matter collineations finite-dimensional even the energy-momentum tensor is degenerate. These are either three, four, five or ten. Some examples are constructed satisfying the constraints on the energy-momentum tensor.
description: 42 pages, no figure, LaTeX, Accepted for publication in J. Math. Phys
Non-Local Graph Neural Networks
Creators: name: Liu, Meng
name: Wang, Zhengyang
name: Ji, Shuiwang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern graph neural networks (GNNs) learn node embeddings through multilayer local aggregation and achieve great success in applications on assortative graphs. However, tasks on disassortative graphs usually require non-local aggregation. In addition, we find that local aggregation is even harmful for some disassortative graphs. In this work, we propose a simple yet effective non-local aggregation framework with an efficient attention-guided sorting for GNNs. Based on it, we develop various non-local GNNs. We perform thorough experiments to analyze disassortative graph datasets and evaluate our non-local GNNs. Experimental results demonstrate that our non-local GNNs significantly outperform previous state-of-the-art methods on seven benchmark datasets of disassortative graphs, in terms of both model performance and efficiency.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, accepted by TPAMI
Cardiac iron concentration in relation to systemic iron status and disease severity in non-ischaemic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Creators: name: Hirsch, Valentin G.
name: Tongers, Jörn
name: Bode, Julia
name: Berliner, Dominik
name: Widder, Julian D.
name: Escher, Felicitas
name: Mutsenko, Vitalii
name: Chung, Bomee
name: Rostami, Fatemeh
name: Guba‐Quint, Anja
name: Giannitsis, Evangelos
name: Schultheiss, Heinz‐Peter
name: Vogt, Carla
name: Bauersachs, Johann
name: Wollert, Kai C.
name: Kempf, Tibor
Publisher: name: Oxford : Wiley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Endomyocardial biopsy
subject: Inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy
subject: Iron deficiency
subject: Non-ischaemic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Aims: Low cardiac iron levels promote heart failure in experimental models. While cardiac iron concentration (CI) is decreased in patients with advanced heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), CI has never been measured in non-advanced HFrEF. We measured CI in left ventricular (LV) endomyocardial biopsies (EMB) from patients with non-advanced HFrEF and explored CI association with systemic iron status and disease severity. Methods and results: We enrolled 80 consecutive patients with non-ischaemic HFrEF with New York Heart Association class II or III symptoms and a median (interquartile range) LV ejection fraction of 25 (18–33)%. CI was 304 (262–373) μg/g dry tissue. CI was not related to immunohistological findings or the presence of cardiotropic viral genomes in EMBs and was not related to biomarkers of systemic iron status or anaemia. Patients with CI in the lowest quartile (CIQ1) had lower body mass indices and more often presented with heart failure histories longer than 6 months than patients in the upper three quartiles (CIQ2–4). CIQ1 patients had higher serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels than CIQ2–4 patients [3566 (1513–6412) vs. 1542 (526–2811) ng/L; P = 0.005]. CIQ1 patients also had greater LV end-diastolic (P = 0.001) and end-systolic diameter indices (P = 0.003) and higher LV end-diastolic pressures (P = 0.046) than CIQ2–4 patients. Conclusion: Low CI is associated with greater disease severity in patients with non-advanced non-ischaemic HFrEF. CI is unrelated to systemic iron homeostasis. The prognostic and therapeutic implications of CI measurements in EMBs should be further explored.
title: The impact of the evacuation and occupation experience, 1940-1945, on the lives and relationships of Guernsey children and Guernsey society
Creators: name: Smith, Corral Ann
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2005

description: This research attempts to integrate psychology and history drawing in particular on narrative psychology and the life history interview supported by secondary source information and using the principles of grounded theory (Strauss and Corbin 1990) as the tool for analysis. This thesis explores ways in which the evacuation and occupation of Guernsey during 1940-1945 impacted upon the lives and relationships of Guernsey children and Guernsey society. The psychological perspective provided an insight into the way in which narrative is constructed and the significance of the role of story telling in creating history. Memory was considered an important variable in this research and its influence has been discussed. Analysis of data collected indicates that a new narrative has emerged which challenges the existing official narrative and that individuals who perceive themselves to be disadvantaged by a situation and perceive that others have benefited from the same situation will view the other negatively, especially if feelings are acted out in a climate of suspicion or blame. Findings also presented evidence of many common features of the removal and separation experience of children from their homes and families. In a minority of cases the effects of separation were disabling and difficult to escape from unaided. For the majority it was a cathartic experience. This research concludes that family relationships and dynamics were affected following the separation experience with father and child and sibling relationships experiencing the most damage. The presence of competent and resourceful substitute carers can and did provide a buffer against trauma. This research has expanded and enriched the evacuation and occupation story by incorporating the previously unheard voice of those who were children and experienced that period of history.