cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mycoarachis inversa Malloch & Cain, Can. J. Bot.
Creators: name: Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro
name: Maia, Leonor Costa
name: Miller, Andrew Nicholas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Sordariomycetes
Hypocreales
Bionectriaceae
Mycoarachis
Mycoarachis inversa

description: 8. Mycoarachis inversa Malloch & Cain, Can. J. Bot. 48(10): 1822 (1970)
(Plate 1, Figs. 18–21)
 Ascomata non-ostiolate, scattered, semi immersed to superficial, globose to subglobose, dark green to black, 110–215 μm diam., glabrous, with a metallic appearance at reflected light, formed directly on dung or on wet paper in incubation. Peridium pseudoparenchymatous, membranaceous, opaque, with two distinct layers, the outermost composed of one to four inflated globose, angular or elongated, thin-walled, hyaline cells, 5–20 μm diam., the innermost composed of flattened, angular (textura angularis), dark brown, thick-walled cells, 5–17.5 μm diam. Asci 8-spored, globose to subglobose, 5–10 μm diam., evanescent. Ascospores 2-celled, peanut-shaped, with a marked constriction at the central septum dividing them into two globose cells, smooth, hyaline, 3–5 × 2–2.5 μm, lacking conspicuous germ pores.
 Material examined: — BRAZIL. Pernambuco, Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco (IPA), Caruaru, on cattle dung, 12 Dec 2012, R. F. R. Melo (URM86655 a!, 86655b!); Serra Talhada, on cattle dung, 30. May 2012, R. F. R. Melo (URM86656!), 15 Oct, R. F. R. Melo 2012 (URM86657 a!, 86657b!).
 Habitat: —Elephant and cattle dung, as well as on dung of unknown origin.
 Distribution: —Africa (Tanzania, Uganda) and North America (United States). This is the first record for Brazil.
 Notes:— Mycoarachis inversa, which until 1988 was the only representative of Mycoarachis, can be easily recognized by the small cleistothecia presenting a thick layer of hyaline cells in the outer peridium, as if the peridium were turned inside out, “reverse”, as suggested by the epithet’s etymology, and by the shape of ascospores. It differs from M. tetraspora Valldosera & Guarro (1988:231) mainly by having 8-spored asci.
description: Published as part of Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro, Maia, Leonor Costa & Miller, Andrew Nicholas, 2017, Coprophilous ascomycetes with passive ascospore liberation from Brazil, pp. 159-172 in Phytotaxa 295 (2) on page 166, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.295.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13688452
Health Cognitions and Perceptions related to COVID-19: Emotion Flexibility and Longitudinal Psychological Adjustment
Creators: name: Coifman, Karin
name: Fitzsimmons, Charles
name: Thompson, Clarissa
name: Taber, Jennifer
name: Mielicki, Marta
name: Sidney, Pooja
name: Matthews, Percival
name: Scheibe, Daniel
name: Schiller, Lauren
name: Waters, Erika
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Emotion Flexibility

description: These are pre-registration of planned analyses for an existing dataset with new follow-up data to be collected. Data were collected in March-April of 2020 via Qualtrics panels. These analyses will be conducted on all participants who respond to follow-up recruitment via email (and meet certain criteria, described below), who also completed the daily diary from the original data collection. The primary goal of this investigation is to test how flexible emotional appraisals early in the pandemic are associated with long-term psychological functioning. This work builds on prior research conducted by our team and others.
Aerial manipulation systems - public opinion
Creators: name: Li, Jamy
name: Janabi-Sharifi, Farrokh
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Computer Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics

description: Pre registration materials for public opinion surveys on aerial manipulation systems investigating the influence of application area, sampling and animation on public opinion.
Quantitatively Analyzing Phonon Spectral Contribution of Thermal Conductivity Based on Non-Equilibrium Molecular Dynamics Simulation II: From Time Fourier Transform
Creators: name: Zhou, Yanguang
name: Hu, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From nano-scale heat transfer point of view, currently one of the most interesting and challenging tasks is to quantitatively analyzing phonon mode specific transport properties in solid materials, which plays vital role in many emerging and diverse technological applications. It has not been so long since such information can be provided by the phonon spectral energy density (SED) or equivalently time domain normal mode analysis (TDNMA) methods in the framework of equilibrium molecular dynamics simulation (EMD). However, until now it has not been realized in non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations (NEMD), the other widely used computational method for calculating thermal transport of materials in addition to EMD. In this work, a computational scheme based on time Fourier transform of atomistic heat current, called frequency domain direct decomposed method (FDDDM), is proposed to analyze the contributions of frequency dependent thermal conductivity in NEMD simulations. The FDDDM results of Lennard-Jones (LJ) Argon and Stillinger-Weber (SW) Si are compared with TDNMA method from EMD simulation. Similar trends are found for both cases, which confirm the validity of our FDDDM approach. Benefiting from the inherent nature of NEMD and the theoretical formula that does not require any temperature assumption, the FDDDM can be directly used to investigate the size and temperature effect. Moreover, the unique advantage of FDDDM prior to previous methods (such as SED and TDNMA) is that it can be straightforwardly used to characterize the phonon frequency dependent thermal conductivity of disordered systems, such as amorphous materials. The FDDDM approach can also be a good candidate to be used to understand the phonon behaviors and thus provides useful guidance for designing efficient structures for advanced thermal management.
The worldwide clinical trial research response to the COVID-19 pandemic - the first 100 days
Creators: name: Janiaud, Perrine
name: Saccilotto, Ramon
name: Axfors, Cathrine
name: Hemkens, Lars
name: Schmitt, Andreas
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical Epidemiology
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: COVID-19
subject: meta-research
subject: trials

description: Never before have clinical trials drawn as much public attention as those testing interventions for COVID-19. We aimed to describe the worldwide COVID-19 clinical research response and its evolution over the first 100 days of the pandemic.
Inference Networks for Sequential Monte Carlo in Graphical Models
Creators: name: Paige, Brooks
name: Wood, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a new approach for amortizing inference in directed graphical models by learning heuristic approximations to stochastic inverses, designed specifically for use as proposal distributions in sequential Monte Carlo methods. We describe a procedure for constructing and learning a structured neural network which represents an inverse factorization of the graphical model, resulting in a conditional density estimator that takes as input particular values of the observed random variables, and returns an approximation to the distribution of the latent variables. This recognition model can be learned offline, independent from any particular dataset, prior to performing inference. The output of these networks can be used as automatically-learned high-quality proposal distributions to accelerate sequential Monte Carlo across a diverse range of problem settings.
description: 10 pages. Updated from version at ICML 2016; includes code at http://github.com/tbrx/compiled-inference
Pseudallescheria boydii McGinnis, A. A. Padhye & Ajello, Mycotaxon
Creators: name: Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro
name: Maia, Leonor Costa
name: Miller, Andrew Nicholas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Sordariomycetes
Microascales
Microascaceae
Pseudallescheria
Pseudallescheria boydii

description: 9. Pseudallescheria boydii (Shear) McGinnis, A.A. Padhye & Ajello, Mycotaxon 14(1): 97 (1982)
(Plate 1, Figs. 22–24)
 Ascomata non-ostiolate, gregarious, superficial, globose, black or dark brown, 150–250 μm diam., glabrous to sparsely hairy. Hairs hyphoid, simple to rarely branched, thin-walled, septate, smooth to finely roughened, hyaline, 2–2.5 μm thick at the broadest part, narrowing towards the apex. Peridium pseudoparenchymatous, membranaceous, 33–35 μm thick, formed by angular to elongated (textura epidermoidea), light brown to golden cells, 5–15 μm, thin-walled. Asci 8-spored, saccate, 15–16 μm long, “pars sporifera” 7–8.5 μm, evanescent. Ascospores 1-celled, ellipsoid to slightly fusoid, smooth, light yellow to pale golden, copper colored “en masse”, 5–6.5 × 3–4 μm, with two terminal germ pores.
 Material examined: — BRAZIL. Pernambuco, Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco (IPA), Caruaru, on goat dung, 03 Jan 2013, R. F. R. Melo (URM 86685a!, 86685b!, 86685c!, URM 86688a!, 86 688b!, 86688c!). Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, on cattle dung, 20. Mar 2012, R. F. R. Melo (URM 86686!), 26 Mar 2012, R. F. R. Melo (URM 86687!).
 Habitat: —Occasionally recorded in clinical samples and commonly on soil and dung of various animals, especially domestic herbivores.
 Distribution: —Worldwide.
 Notes:— Pseudallescheria boydii has similar morphology to P. fusoidea (Arx) McGinnis, A.A. Padhye & Ajello (1973: 98), which differs by having broader ascospores (3–4 μm) and to P. africana (Arx & G. Franz) McGinnis, A.A. Padhye & Ajello (1982: 97), which differs mainly by its smaller ascomata. Isolates identified as P. boydii were agents of mycosis in humans, associated with some degree of immunosuppression. The material analyzed here has shorter ascospores than the average for this species. However, the slightly fusoid shape differs from P. minutispora Gilgado, Gené, Cano & Guarro (2005: 4938), with ellipsoidal ascospores, with rounded ends (Guarro et al. 2012).
description: Published as part of Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro, Maia, Leonor Costa & Miller, Andrew Nicholas, 2017, Coprophilous ascomycetes with passive ascospore liberation from Brazil, pp. 159-172 in Phytotaxa 295 (2) on pages 166-167, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.295.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13688452
A theoretical study of time-dependent, ultrasound-induced acoustic streaming in microchannels
Creators: name: Muller, Peter Barkholt
name: Bruus, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on first- and second-order perturbation theory, we present a numerical study of the temporal build-up and decay of unsteady acoustic fields and acoustic streaming flows actuated by vibrating walls in the transverse cross-sectional plane of a long straight microchannel under adiabatic conditions and assuming temperature-independent material parameters. The unsteady streaming flow is obtained by averaging the time-dependent velocity field over one oscillation period, and as time increases, it is shown to converge towards the well-known steady time-averaged solution calculated in the frequency domain. Scaling analysis reveals that the acoustic resonance builds up much faster than the acoustic streaming, implying that the radiation force may dominate over the drag force from streaming even for small particles. However, our numerical time-dependent analysis indicates that pulsed actuation does not reduce streaming significantly due to its slow decay. Our analysis also shows that for an acoustic resonance with a quality factor Q, the amplitude of the oscillating second-order velocity component is Q times larger than the usual second-order steady time-averaged velocity component. Consequently, the well-known criterion v << c for the validity of the perturbation expansion is replaced by the more restrictive criterion v << c/Q. Our numerical model is available in the supplemental material in the form of Comsol model files and Matlab scripts.
description: 14 pages, Revtex, 8 eps figures
Skin Cancer and Sun Protective Behaviours in Water Based Sports: A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Bennett, Hannah
name: Furness, James
name: Kemp-Smith, Kevin
name: Climstein, Mike
name: Dahl, Lillian
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: The primary objectives of this scoping review were to (1) summarise the volume and type of scientific literature specific to skin cancer and sun protective measures in water-based sports, (2) examine the current levels of compliance and adherence to sun protective behaviours in water-based sports and (3) identify any knowledge gaps to inform future research or skin health guidelines.
Correlations between the fragmentation modes and light charged particles emission in heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Zhang, Yingxun
name: Zhou, Chengshuang
name: Chen, Jixian
name: Wang, Ning
name: Zhao, Kai
name: Li, Zhuxia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correlations between the shape of rapidity distribution of the yield of light charged particles and the fragmentation modes in semi-peripheral collisions for $^{70}$Zn+$^{70}$Zn, $^{64}$Zn+$^{64}$Zn and $^{64}$Ni+$^{64}$Ni at the beam energy of 35MeV/nucleon are investigated based on ImQMD05 code. Our studies show there is an interplay between the binary, ternary and multi-fragmentation break-up modes. The binary and ternary break-up modes more prefer to emit light charged particles at middle rapidity and give larger values of $R_{yield}^{mid}$ compared with the multi-fragmentation break-up mode does. The reduced rapidity distribution for the normalized yields of p, d, t, $^3$He, $^4$He and $^6$He and the corresponding values of $R_{yield}^{mid}$ can be used to estimate the probability of multi-fragmentation break-up modes. By comparing to experimental data, our results illustrate that $\ge$40\% of the collisions events belong to the multi-fragmentation break-up mode for the reactions we studied.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Thielavia terrestris Malloch & Cain, Can. J. Bot.
Creators: name: Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro
name: Maia, Leonor Costa
name: Miller, Andrew Nicholas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Sordariomycetes
Sordariales
Chaetomiaceae
Thielavia
Thielavia terrestris

description: 10. Thielavia terrestris (Apinis) Malloch & Cain, Can. J. Bot. 50(1): 66 (1972)
(Plate 1, Fig. 25–26)
 Ascomata non-ostiolate, gregarious, rarely scattered, semi immersed to superficial, subglobose to globose, dark brown to black, 175–200 μm diam., glabrous. Peridium pseudoparenchymatous, membranaceous, opaque, composed of large, elongated (textura epidermoidea), thin-walled, dark brown cells. Asci 8-spored, ovoid to irregularly clavate, 15–22.5 × 2–4 μm, evanescent. Ascospores 1-celled, ovoid, non-apiculated, smooth, hyaline to brown, copper colored “en masse”, 3.5–4.5 × 3–4 μm, with a single apical germ pore.
 Material examined: — BRAZIL. Pernambuco, Instituto Agronômico de Pernambuco (IPA), Caruaru, on cattle dung, 27 Oct 2012, R. F. R. Melo (URM 86717!). Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, on cattle dung, 27 Jun 2012, R. F. R. Melo (URM 86718a!, 86718b!).
 Habitat: —Recorded on soil, plant material and herbivore dung.
 Distribution: —Worldwide.
 Notes:—Representatives of Thielavia can be found forming dark-colored, glabrous to hairy cleistothecia, usually with pigmented ascospores, commonly found on soil and plant material. Thielavia terrestris can be easily recognized by its glabrous cleistothecia and uncommonly small ascospores (3.5–4.5 × 3–4 μm) that are ovoid and hyaline to weakly pigmented.
description: Published as part of Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro, Maia, Leonor Costa & Miller, Andrew Nicholas, 2017, Coprophilous ascomycetes with passive ascospore liberation from Brazil, pp. 159-172 in Phytotaxa 295 (2) on page 167, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.295.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13688452
Impressions of the Meson Spectrum: Hybrids & Exotics, present and future
Creators: name: Pennington, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has long been expected that the spectrum of hadrons in QCD would be far richer and extensive than experiment has so far revealed. While there have been experimental hints of this richness for some time, it is really only in the last few years that dramatic progress has been seen in the exploration both experimentally and in calculations on the lattice. Precision studies enabled by new technology both with detectors and high performance computations are converging on an understanding of the spectrum in strong coupling QCD. These methodologies are laying the foundation for a decade of potential discovery that electro and photoproduction experiments at Jefferson Lab, which when combined with key results on $B$ and charmonium decays from both $e^+e^-$ and $pp$ colliders, should turn mere impressions of the light meson spectrum into a high definition picture.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Zopfiella longicaudata Arx, Proc. K. Ned. Akad. Wet., Ser. C, Biol. Med. Sci.
Creators: name: Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro
name: Maia, Leonor Costa
name: Miller, Andrew Nicholas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Sordariomycetes
Sordariales
Lasiosphaeriaceae
Zopfiella
Zopfiella longicaudata

description: 13. Zopfiella longicaudata (Cain)Arx, Proc.K. Ned.Akad. Wet., Ser.C, Biol. Med. Sci. 76(3): 291 (1972)
(Plate 1, Fig. 31)
 Ascomata non-ostiolate, scattered to gregarious, immersed to superficial, globose, metallic black in stereomicroscopy, dark brown to black in mounting, 300–360 μm diam. Hairs hyphoid, simple, thin-walled, septate, smooth, flexuous. Peridium pseudoparenchymatous, membranaceous, opaque, composed angular (textura angularis), dark red to dark brown, thick-walled cells. Asci 8-spored, clavate, 25–35 × 10–15 μm, evanescent, irregularly biseriate, only observable in young cleistothecia. Ascospores 1-celled, lageniform to clavate and hyaline when young, smooth, becoming swollen at the apical part to forma transversal septum delimiting a head and pedicel. Head cell ellipsoid to lageniform, usually symmetrical, with umbonate apex and truncated base, smooth, light brown to chestnut brown, 7.5–12.5 × 6–8.5 μm, guttulate, with a subapical germ pore. Pedicel cylindrical, thin-walled, occasionally collapsing, with rounded base, 6–15 × 2–5 μm. Apical caudae absent. Basal caudae absent.
 Material examined: — BRAZIL. Pernambuco, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, on horse dung, 09 Nov 2012, R. F. R. Melo (URM 86759a!, 86759b!).
 Habitat: —Soil and dung of many herbivores.
 Distribution: —Worldwide.
 Notes:— Zopfiella longicaudata has similar morphological features as Z. marina Furuya & Udagawa (1975: 249), which can be distinguished by its smaller ascospores. Characteristics features are the non-ostiolate ascomata, usually glabrous, with clavate asci bearing ascospores composed of an ellipsoid to landform head cell and a long cylindrical pedicel, up to 15 μm long. The material from Pernambuco presented ascospores with shorter pedicels than the ones described by Guarro et al. (1991). However, considering the other characters, this difference did not justify the proposition of a new species or variety.
description: Published as part of Melo, Roger Fagner Ribeiro, Maia, Leonor Costa & Miller, Andrew Nicholas, 2017, Coprophilous ascomycetes with passive ascospore liberation from Brazil, pp. 159-172 in Phytotaxa 295 (2) on page 168, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.295.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13688452
title: Проблемы теории обучения и воспитания младших школьников
title: История и современность (На материале Республики Татарстан)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Гильманов Д.Ш.
name:  Мухаметшин А.Г.
name:  Федекин И.Н.
name:  Хакимова Н.Г.
name:  Хасимова Л.Н.
Publisher: name: Набережночелнинский государственный педагогический университет
Year: 2014

description: Монография подготовлена на основе научных и научно-исследовательских трудов коллектива авторов. Монография предназначена для студентов высших учебных заведений, обучающихся по направлениям «Педагогическое образование», «Психолого-педагогическое образование», а также всем тем, кто специализируется в области истории и философии образования. В работе рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с историей и теорией обучения и воспитания младших школьников.
description: This monograph was prepared on the basis of scientific and research works of the authors. The monograph is intended for students of higher educational institutions majoring in "Pedagogical education", "Psychological and pedagogical education", as well as all those who specializiruetsya in the field of history and philosophy of education. The paper discusses the issues related to the history and theory of training and education of younger students.
A Lifecycle Approach for Artificial Intelligence Ethics in Energy Systems
Creators: name: El-Haber, Nicole
name: Burnett, Donna
name: Halford, A
name: Stamp, K
name: De Silva, Daswin
name: Manic, M
name: Jennings, A
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering
classificationCode: 33
subject: Built environment and design

description: Despite the increasing prevalence of artificial intelligence (AI) ethics frameworks, the practical application of these frameworks in industrial settings remains limited. This limitation is further augmented in energy systems by the complexity of systems composition and systems operation for energy generation, distribution, and supply. The primary reason for this limitation is the gap between the conceptual notion of ethics principles and the technical performance of AI applications in energy systems. For instance, trust is featured prominently in ethics frameworks but pertains to limited relevance for the robust operation of a smart grid. In this paper, we propose a lifecycle approach for AI ethics that aims to address this gap. The proposed approach consists of four phases: design, development, operation, and evaluation. All four phases are supported by a central AI ethics repository that gathers and integrates the primary and secondary dimensions of ethical practice, including reliability, safety, and trustworthiness, from design through to evaluation. This lifecycle approach is closely aligned with the operational lifecycle of energy systems, from design and production through to use, maintenance, repair, and overhaul, followed by shutdown, recycling, and replacement. Across these lifecycle stages, an energy system engages with numerous human stakeholders, directly with designers, engineers, users, trainers, operators, and maintenance technicians, as well as indirectly with managers, owners, policymakers, and community groups. This lifecycle approach is empirically evaluated in the complex energy system of a multi-campus tertiary education institution where the alignment between ethics and technical performance, as well as the human-centric application of AI, are demonstrated.
Nonadditivity of Critical Casimir Forces
Creators: name: Paladugu, Sathyanarayana
name: Callegari, Agnese
name: Tuna, Yazgan
name: Barth, Lukas
name: Dietrich, Siegfried
name: Gambassi, Andrea
name: Volpe, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In soft and condensed matter physics, effective interactions often emerge as a result of the spatial confinement of a fluctuating field. For instance, microscopic particles in a binary liquid mixture are subject to critical Casimir forces whenever their surfaces confine the thermal fluctuations of the order parameter of this kind of solvent, the range of which diverges upon approaching the critical demixing point. Critical Casimir forces are predicted to be nonadditive on a particular large scale. However, a direct experimental evidence of this fact is still lacking. Here, we fill in this gap by reporting the experimental measurement of the associated many-body effects. In particular, we focus on three colloidal particles in optical traps and observe that the critical Casimir force exerted on one of them by the other two colloids differs from the sum of the forces they exert separately. The magnitude and range of this three-body effect turn out to depend sensitively on the distance from the critical point of the solvent and on the preferential adsorption at the surfaces of the colloids for the two components of the mixture.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
How does the political alignment of Americans correlate to their attitudes toward Black and white Americans varying in socioeconomic status?
Creators: name: Tyler, Leondra
name: Burke, Sara
name: Jaurique, Alexandria
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: American Politics
subject: Other Political Science
subject: Social Statistics
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This registration describes a secondary analysis of a subset of data from the Multi-University United States Election Study 2020 (MUSES-2020). For details about the full design and recruitment procedure, see the main MUSES-2020 Open Science Framework page.
Non-linear Gradient Algorithm for Parameter Estimation: Extended version
Creators: name: Rueda-Escobedo, Juan G.
name: Moreno, Jaime A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Gradient algorithms are classical in adaptive control and parameter estimation. For instantaneous quadratic cost functions they lead to a linear time-varying dynamic system that converges exponentially under persistence of excitation conditions. In this paper we consider (instantaneous) non-quadratic cost functions, for which the gradient algorithm leads to non-linear (and non Lipschitz) time-varying dynamics, which are homogeneous in the state. We show that under persistence of excitation conditions they also converge globally, uniformly and asymptotically. Compared to the linear counterpart, they accelerate the convergence and can provide for finite-time or fixed-time stability.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Charge instabilities of the two-dimensional Hubbard model with attractive nearest neighbour interaction
Creators: name: Fresard, Raymond
name: Steffen, Kevin
name: Kopp, Thilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Attractive non-local interactions jointly with repulsive local interaction in a microscopic modelling of electronic Fermi liquids generate a competition between an enhancement of the static charge susceptibility---ultimately signalling charge instability and phase separation---and its correlation induced suppression. We analyse this scenario through the investigation of the extended Hubbard model on a two-dimensional square lattice, using the spin rotation invariant slave-boson representation of Kotliar and Ruckenstein. The quasiparticle density of states, the renormalised effective mass and the Landau parameter $F_0^s$ are presented, whereby the positivity of $F_0^s-1$ constitutes a criterion for stability. Van Hove singularities in the density of states support possible charge instabilities. A (negative) next-nearest neighbour hopping parameter $t'$ shifts their positions and produces a tendency towards charge instability even for low filling whereas the $t'$-controlled particle-hole asymmetry of the correlation driven effective mass is small. A region of instability on account of the attractive interaction $V$ is identified, either at half filling in the absence of strong electronic correlations or, in the case of large on-site interaction $U$, at densities far from half filling.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Rapid Computation of Thermodynamic Properties Over Multidimensional Nonbonded Parameter Spaces using Adaptive Multistate Reweighting
Creators: name: Naden, Levi N.
name: Shirts, Michael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how thermodynamic properties of molecular models can be computed over a large, multidimensional parameter space by combining multistate reweighting analysis with a linear basis function approach. This approach reduces the computational cost to estimate thermodynamic properties from molecular simulations for over 130,000 tested parameter combinations from over a thousand CPU years to tens of CPU days. This speed increase is achieved primarily by computing the potential energy as a linear combination of basis functions, computed from either modified simulation code or as the difference of energy between two reference states, which can be done without any simulation code modification. The thermodynamic properties are then estimated with the Multistate Bennett Acceptance Ratio (MBAR) as a function of multiple model parameters without the need to define a priori how the states are connected by a pathway. Instead, we adaptively sample a set of points in parameter space to create mutual configuration space overlap. The existence of regions of poor configuration space overlap are detected by analyzing the eigenvalues of the sampled states' overlap matrix. The configuration space overlap to sampled states is monitored alongside the mean and maximum uncertainty to determine convergence, as neither the uncertainty or the configuration space overlap alone is a sufficient metric of convergence. This adaptive sampling scheme is demonstrated by estimating with high precision the solvation free energies of charged particles of Lennard-Jones plus Coulomb functional form. We also compute entropy, enthalpy, and radial distribution functions of unsampled parameter combinations using only the data from these sampled states and use the free energies estimates to examine the deviation of simulations from the Born approximation to the solvation free energy.
Sharp-interface formation during lithium intercalation into silicon
Creators: name: Meca, Esteban
name: Münch, Andreas
name: Wagner, Barbara
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: asymptotic analysis
subject: phase-field model
subject: stability analysis
subject: interface dynamics
subject: numerical methods

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: In this study, we present a phase-field model that describes the process of intercalation of Li ions into a layer of an amorphous solid such as amorphous silicon (a-Si). The governing equations couple a viscous Cahn–Hilliard-Reaction model with elasticity in the framework of the Cahn–Larché system. We discuss the parameter settings and flux conditions at the free boundary that lead to the formation of phase boundaries having a sharp gradient in lithium ion concentration between the initial state of the solid layer and the intercalated region. We carry out a matched asymptotic analysis to derive the corresponding sharp-interface model that also takes into account the dynamics of triple points where the sharp interface intersects the free boundary of the Si layer. We numerically compare the interface motion predicted by the sharp-interface model with the long-time dynamics of the phase-field model.
Exactly solvable problems in the momentum space with a minimum uncertainty in position
Creators: name: Samar, M. I.
name: Tkachuk, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new approach in solution of simple quantum mechanical problems in deformed space with minimal length is presented. We propose the generalization of Schroëdinger equation in momentum representation on the case of deformed Heisenberg algebra with minimal length. Assuming that the kernel of potential energy operator do not change in the case of deformation, we obtain exact solution of eigenproblem of a particle in delta potential as well as double delta potential. Particle in Coulomb like potential is revisited and the problem of inversibility and hermicity of inverse coordinate operator is solved.
Isolation and primary culture of Galleria mellonella hemocytes for infection studies
Creators: name: Senior, Nicola
name: Titball, Richard
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Life Sciences
subject: Galleria mellonella
subject: Hemocytes
subject: Primary culture

description: Raw data supporting the paper of this name by Nicola Senior and Richard Titball
Multi-photon entanglement in high dimensions
Creators: name: Malik, Mehul
name: Erhard, Manuel
name: Huber, Marcus
name: Krenn, Mario
name: Fickler, Robert
name: Zeilinger, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement lies at the heart of quantum mechanics $-$ as a fundamental tool for testing its deep rift with classical physics, while also providing a key resource for quantum technologies such as quantum computation and cryptography. In 1987 Greenberger, Horne, and Zeilinger realized that the entanglement of more than two particles implies a non-statistical conflict between local realism and quantum mechanics. The resulting predictions were experimentally confirmed by entangling three photons in their polarization. Experimental efforts since have singularly focused on increasing the number of particles entangled, while remaining in a two-dimensional space for each particle. Here we show the experimental generation of the first multi-photon entangled state where both $-$ the number of particles and the number of dimensions $-$ are greater than two. Interestingly, our state exhibits an asymmetric entanglement structure that is only possible when one considers multi-particle entangled states in high dimensions. Two photons in our state reside in a three-dimensional space, while the third lives in two dimensions. Our method relies on combining two pairs of photons, high-dimensionally entangled in their orbital angular momentum, in such a way that information about their origin is erased. Additionally, we show how this state enables a new type of "layered" quantum cryptographic protocol where two parties share an additional layer of secure information over that already shared by all three parties. In addition to their application in novel quantum communication protocols, such asymmetric entangled states serve as a manifestation of the complex dance of correlations that can exist within quantum mechanics.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Negotiating and Constructing Place: African Immigrant and Refugee Women’s Experiences Seeking Reproductive Health Information, Services and Support
Creators: name: Greenwood, Heather Louise
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: immigrant health
refugee health
reproductive health
women's health
intersectionality
place

description: African immigrant women and refugee women face disproportionate reproductive health risks and adverse outcomes compared with the Canadian population. The diversity of African women and complexity of the migration process suggest the need for contextualized knowledge to better understand these challenges. I sought such knowledge through the use of the theoretical frameworks of place and intersectionality. These frameworks draw attention to the multi-level mixture of social relations in given contexts and how they create opportunities and oppression. The specific purpose of this research was to: a) explore how the reproductive health experiences of African immigrant and refugee women were shaped by the unique context of given places; b) consider how these women actively negotiated and constructed place in their search for reproductive health information, services, and support. A multiple case study was used to explore the reproductive health experiences of African immigrant and refugee women in three different areas of Ottawa, Ontario. These areas provided different local contexts (e.g., history, socioeconomic profile, proximity to downtown). In each area, data was collected through interviews with African immigrant and refugee women, interviews and focus groups with reproductive health service providers, and mapping of available services. In total, 19 immigrant and refugee women and 23 service providers participated in this study. The findings showed that African immigrant and refugee women’s reproductive health experiences were much more complicated than simple interaction with neighbourhood services. Their varied social positions in Canadian society were highly relevant. In addition, social networks based in places outside of the system (e.g., private homes, religious institutions) were environments in which they were comfortable and sought support for their reproductive health needs. Recommendations based on these findings include the need to engage communities and explore the delivery of information and services outside of the traditional places employed by the Canadian health care system.
Private Information Retrieval from MDS Coded Data in Distributed Storage Systems
Creators: name: Tajeddine, Razan
name: Gnilke, Oliver W.
name: Rouayheb, Salim El
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The problem of providing privacy, in the private information retrieval (PIR) sense, to users requesting data from a distributed storage system (DSS), is considered. The DSS is coded by an $(n,k,d)$ Maximum Distance Separable (MDS) code to store the data reliably on unreliable storage nodes. Some of these nodes can be spies which report to a third party, such as an oppressive regime, which data is being requested by the user. An information theoretic PIR scheme ensures that a user can satisfy its request while revealing, to the spy nodes, no information on which data is being requested. A user can trivially achieve PIR by downloading all the data in the DSS. However, this is not a feasible solution due to its high communication cost. We construct PIR schemes with low download communication cost. When there is $b=1$ spy node in the DSS, we construct PIR schemes with download cost $\frac{1}{1-R}$ per unit of requested data ($R=k/n$ is the code rate), achieving the information theoretic limit for linear schemes. The proposed schemes are universal since they depend on the code rate, but not on the generator matrix of the code. Also, when $b\leq n-δk$, for some $δ\in \mathbb{N^+}$, we construct linear PIR schemes with $cPoP = \frac{b+δk}δ$.
The Ethics of the Algorithmic Prediction of Goal of Care Preferences: From Theory to Practice
Creators: name: Ferrario, Andrea
name: Gloeckler, Sophie
name: Biller-Andorno, Nikola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: algorithms
clinical ethics
artificial intelligence
decision-making
goal concordant care
patient preferences

description: Although the use of algorithms to predict patients’ most likely preferred treatment has been discussed in the bioethics literature, no example has been realized in clinical practice. The present paper offers a new perspective on the problem by suggesting that preference predicting AI be viewed as socio-technical systems with distinctive life cycles. We explore how both known and novel epistemological, ethical, and pragmatic challenges map onto the different stages of AI development, highlighting interdisciplinary strategies for their resolution.
In-vitro assessment of cone beam computed tomography in the detection of fractures in the vertical plane
Creators: name: Vanderburg, Aurelia
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for the detection of vertical root fractures (VRFs) in comparison to periapical radiography (PA). Fifty premolars and molars in dry skulls were accessed, instrumented and obturated. Fracture induction of twenty-one teeth took place using the Monaghan method. Three digital PAs with angular discrepancy of approximately 15 degrees and CBCT scans of each skull submerged in water, to simulate soft tissues, were made. All teeth were extracted and stained to obtain ground truth. Eight calibrated dentists determined VRF presence on a 5-point likelihood scale. Conclusions: PAs are more accurate than the CBCT for VRF detection. The specificity, positive likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio are better for PA; there is no difference in sensitivity and negative likelihood ratio. Differences between the two modalities results from a high false positive rate associated with CBCT.
Modification of the Nuclear Landscape in the Inverse Problem Framework using the Generalized Bethe-Weizsäcker Mass Formula
Creators: name: Mavrodiev, S. Cht.
name: Deliyergiyev, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65Fxx, 65F22, 81V35, 15A29, 49N45

description: The dependence on the structure functions and Z, N numbers of the nuclear binding energy is investigated within the inverse problem(IP) approach. This approach allows us to infer the underlying model parameters from experimental observation, rather than to predict the observations from the model parameters. The IP was formulated for the numerical generalization of the semi-empirical mass formula of BW. It was solved in step by step way based on the AME2012 nuclear database. The established parametrization describes the measured nuclear masses of 2564 isotopes with a maximum deviation less than 2.6 MeV, starting from the number of protons and number of neutrons equal to 1. The set of parameters $\{a_{i}\}$, $i=1,\dots, {\mathcal{N}}_{\rm{param}}$ of our fit represent the solution of an overdetermined system of nonlinear equations, which represent equalities between the binding energy $E_{B,j}^{\rm{Expt}}(A,Z)$ and its model $E_{B,j}^{\rm{Th}}(A,Z,\{a_{i}\})$, where $j$ is the index of the given isotope. The solution of the overdetermined system of nonlinear equations has been obtained with the help of the Aleksandrov's auto-regularization method of Gauss-Newton(GN) type for ill-posed problems. The efficiency of the above methods was checked by comparing relevant results with the results obtained independently. The explicit form of unknown functions was discovered in a step-by-step way using the modified least $χ^{2}$ procedure, that realized in the algorithms which were developed by Aleksandrov to solve nonlinear systems of equations via the GN method, lets us to choose between two functions with same $χ^{2}$ the better one. In the obtained generalized model the corrections to the binding energy depend on nine proton (2, 8, 14, 20, 28, 50, 82, 108, 124) and ten neutron (2, 8, 14, 20, 28, 50, 82, 124, 152, 202) magic numbers as well on the asymptotic boundaries of their influence.
description: 93 pages, 10 figures, 6 tables. Report on the International Symposium on Exotic Nuclei EXON-2016, Kazan, Russia, 4-10 September 2016
Examining the Effects of Different Model Types on Consolidation and Motor Learning
Creators: name: Moore, Clara
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Consolidation
Observation
Motor learning
Observational learning

description: It has been shown that the observation of two model types, or mixed-modeling, is more beneficial than watching a single type alone (Andrieux & Proteau, 2013; Robertson, 2015). Furthermore, observing others has been shown to lead to consolidation, however, the distinct behavioural outcomes are different than those following physical practice (Trempe et al., 2011). To date it is unknown, whether the observation of different model types, when interspersed with physical practice, will affect the amount of consolidation that occurs. The purpose of this research was to attempt to replicate the mixed-model benefit and to determine whether a mixed-model observation intervention would affect consolidation processes differentially compared to a single-model type alone. Forty-five university age students were randomly assigned to a mixed-model (MM), unskilled model (UM), or skilled model (SM) observation group. All participants were required to learn a waveform-matching task, in which they used their non-dominant arm to reproduce a waveform as accurately as possible within a goal movement time of 900ms. The experiment comprised three testing sessions. The first session required participants to complete a pretest, where they performed 10 trials of the skill with no knowledge of results (KR) provided. Following this, they did their first acquisition session where they received KR on all trials and performed nine blocks of 10 trials that consisted of six physical practice interspersed with four observation trials. Ten minutes following this session, participants performed an immediate retention test consisting of 10 no KR trials. The next day began with a delayed 24hr retention test of 10 no KR trials and another acquisition session. One week later, participants performed 10 no KR retention trials 10 transfer trials, in which participants reproduced a slightly different waveform under a goal movement-time of 1150ms. Root mean square error (RMSE), temporal accuracy and spatial accuracy were collected as dependent variables. Acquisition results demonstrated that all video conditions acquired the skill similarly in terms of all dependent variables. Retention results indicated a significant group by time interaction over the 24-hour retention interval (F(2, 42) = 3.809, p = .030), which showed that those in the MM group were significantly better at the 24-hour retention compared to the other groups, however, this mixed-model benefit was no longer seen at the weeklong retention. In conclusion, these results suggest that mixed-model observation is beneficial to motor learning at the 24-hour retention, in terms of temporal accuracy and also that mixed-model observation could potentially lead to enhanced consolidation of a motor skill.