cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The DADO Production System Machine
Creators: name: Stolfo, Salvatore
name: Miranker, Daniel P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1984
Subjects: Computer science

description: DADO is a parallel, tree-structured machine designed to provide significant performance improvements in the execution of large expert systems implemented in production system form. A full-scale version of the DADO machine would comprise a large set of processing elements (PEs) (on the order of thousands), each containing its own processor, a small amount (16K bytes, in the current prototype design) of local random access memory, and a specialized I/O switch. The PEs are interconnected to form a complete binary tree. This paper describes the application domain of the DADO machine and the rationale for its design. Parallel algorithms for production system execution are briefly described. We then focus on the machine architecture and detail the hardware design of a moderately large prototype comprising 1023 microprocessors currently operational at Columbia University. We conclude with very encouraging performance statistics recently calculated from an analysis of simulations of the system.
Evaluating Top-k Queries over Web-Accessible Databases
Creators: name: Gravano, Luis
name: Marian, Amelie
name: Bruno, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Computer science

description: A query to a web search engine usually consists of a list of keywords, to which the search engine responds with the best or 'top' k pages for the query. This top-k query model is prevalent over multimedia collections in general, but also over plain relational data for certain applications. For example, consider a relation with information on available restaurants, including their location, price range for one diner, and overall food rating. A user who queries such a relation might simply specify the user's location and target price range, and expect in return the best 10 restaurants in terms of some combination of proximity to the user, closeness of match to the target price range, and overall food rating. Processing such top-k queries efficiently is challenging for a number of reasons. One critical such reason is that, in many web applications, the relation attributes might not be available other than through external web-accessible form interfaces, which we will have to query repeatedly for a potentially large set of candidate objects. In this paper, we study how to process top-k queries efficiently in this setting, where the attributes for which users specify target values might be handled by external, autonomous sources with a variety of access interfaces. We present several new algorithms for processing such queries, and adapt existing techniques to our scenario as well. We also study the execution time of our algorithms analytically and present experimental results using both synthetic and real web-accessible data.
Incorporating Problem-Based Learning Skills into Graduate and Professional Student Classes
Creators: name: Quinn, Andrea
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2020

description: This paper provides insights into an initiative that offers graduate and professional students from across the University of Michigan the opportunity to participate in multi-disciplinary, problem-based classes that foster creative thinking, teamwork, and development of transferrable skills. The paper describes how, in order to improve student learning outcomes and play to the strengths of instructors with, each, subject matter and problem solving expertise, we have modified the initiative’s structure.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020)
Additional file 2 of Analytic Pearson residuals for normalization of single-cell RNA-seq UMI data
Creators: name: Lause, Jan
name: Berens, Philipp
name: Kobak, Dmitry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2 Review history.
CloudFence: Enabling Users to Audit the Use of their Cloud-Resident Data
Creators: name: Pappas, Vasilis
name: Kemerlis, Vasileios
name: Zavou, Angeliki
name: Polychronakis, Michalis
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Computer science

description: One of the primary concerns of users of cloud-based services and applications is the risk of unauthorized access to their private information. For the common setting in which the infrastructure provider and the online service provider are different, end users have to trust their data to both parties, although they interact solely with the service provider. This paper presents CloudFence, a framework that allows users to independently audit the treatment of their private data by third-party online services, through the intervention of the cloud provider that hosts these services. CloudFence is based on a fine-grained data flow tracking platform exposed by the cloud provider to both developers of cloud-based applications, as well as their users. Besides data auditing for end users, CloudFence allows service providers to confine the use of sensitive data in well-defined domains using data tracking at arbitrary granularity, offering additional protection against inadvertent leaks and unauthorized access. The results of our experimental evaluation with real-world applications, including an e-store platform and a cloud-based backup service, demonstrate that CloudFence requires just a few changes to existing application code, while it can detect and prevent a wide range of security breaches, ranging from data leakage attacks using SQL injection, to personal data disclosure due to missing or erroneously implemented access control checks.
Radiating Gravastars
Creators: name: Chan, R.
name: da Silva, M. F. A.
name: da Rocha, J. F. Villas
name: Wang, Anzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering a Vaidya exterior spacetime, we study dynamical models of prototype gravastars, made of an infinitely thin spherical shell of a perfect fluid with the equation of state $p = σ$, enclosing an interior de Sitter spacetime. We show explicitly that the final output can be a black hole, an unstable gravastar, a stable gravastar or a "bounded excursion" gravastar, depending on how the mass of the shell evolves in time, the cosmological constant and the initial position of the dynamical shell. This work presents, for the first time in the literature, a gravastar that emits radiation.
description: 23 pages and 17 figures, some typos corrected. Accepted for publication in JCAP
A Theoretical Analysis of the Conditions for Unambiguous Node Localization in Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Eren, Tolga
name: Whiteley, Walter
name: Belhumeur, Peter N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Computer science

description: In this paper we provide a theoretical foundation for the problem of network localization in which some nodes know their locations and other nodes determine their locations by measuring distances or bearings to their neighbors. Distance information is the separation between two nodes connected by a sensing/communication link. Bearing is the angle between a sensing/communication link and the x-axis of a node's local coordinate system. We construct grounded graphs to model network localization and apply graph rigidity theory and parallel drawings to test the conditions for unique localizability and to construct uniquely localizable networks. We further investigate partially localizable networks.
Tailoring Ovarian Cancer Strategies to a Sub-Saharan Region: Testing the Developed Country Experience
Creators: name: Rambau, Peter Fabian
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ovarian endometrioid carcinoma
subject: diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers
subject: ovarian seromucinous carcinoma
subject: histotype reproducibility
subject: molecular alterations
subject: ovarian cancer in Tanzania
subject: ovarian cancer tumor types
subject: diagnostic accuracy
subject: Pathology

description: Ovarian carcinoma is a spectrum of different histotypes which differ in risk factors, precursor lesions, molecular alterations and prognosis. Most of the research focused on high grade serous carcinoma which constitutes the majority of ovarian carcinoma. Endometrioid carcinoma (EC) constitutes 11% of ovarian carcinoma. Studies on EC have been limited by lack of sufficient number of cases for a meaningful conclusion. Seromucinous carcinoma, a newly introduced histotype shows resemblance to EC with no studies on its diagnostic reproducibility and molecular alterations. In developing countries, few studies have addressed the tumor types and histotype distribution of ovarian cancer, which could be useful in resource allocation, in addition the diagnostic accuracy of histotyping is not known. This study utilized immunohistochemical markers in a cohort of EC to study the diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as histotyping of ovarian cancers from Tanzania to establish diagnostic accuracy. Morphological studies and targeted deep sequencing was applied to seromucinous carcinoma to detect recurrent mutations known to occur in ovarian carcinoma, to justify whether it deserves a separate classification. This study found that, a defect in mismatch repair proteins was restricted to EC, and therefore screening for Lynch syndrome should be restricted to endometrioid histotype. This study also validated the association of hormone receptor (estrogen and progesterone) expression with ovarian cancer specific survival, with limited clinical utility. For seromucinous carcinoma, this study shows that the morphological diagnosis of seromucinous carcinomas is not very reliable. It did not show a distinct immunophenotype or genotype, and molecular features overlaps with endometrioid and low-grade serous carcinomas. Therefore, seromucinous carcinoma can be assigned to one of the major histotypes by ancillary molecular tests. Ovarian cancer in Tanzania shows relatively few cases compared to the Alberta population, with poor diagnostic agreement by using the current WHO criteria and immunohistochemistry. Improvement of H&E staining and adoption of current WHO classification can achieve a reasonable correct histotyping of ovarian carcinoma which can be meaningful in this area where the resource are scarce.
Implementing the Introduction, Methods, Results and Discussion Article Structure in Engineering Education based on Problem-based Learning
Creators: name: Liso, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2020

description: The organization of knowledge influences how effectively students learn, so that if the information are well structured and the knowledge acquisition process is carried out in a systemic way, one can more effectively retrieve pieces of knowledge. To tackle this problem a common document format used in academia, IMRaD (Introduction, Method, Results and Discussion), can help students in natural science and engineering education to approach the problem of knowledge organization in a systemic way from the beginning of the learning process. In this study, we explore the use of the IMRaD format for students pursuing undergraduate and master's degrees as a tool for learning whilst making the project report more comprehensible for readers. The predefined document structure cannot be considered the solution to all learning issues and it should not limit the unpredictability, which is necessary during the creative thinking typical of the research environment.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020)
$O(α_s v^2)$ correction to $e^+e^-\to J/ψ+η_c$ at $B$ factories
Creators: name: Dong, Hai-Rong
name: Feng, Feng
name: Jia, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ${\mathcal O}(α_s v^2)$ correction to the $e^+e^-\to J/ψ+η_c$ process in the nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) factorization approach. Within some reasonable choices of the relative order-$v^2$ NRQCD matrix elements, we find that including this new ingredient of correction only mildly enhances the existing NRQCD predictions. We have also deduced the asymptotic expressions for the ${\mathcal O}(α_s v^2)$ short-distance coefficients, and reconfirm the early speculation that at next-to-leading order in $α_s$, the double logarithm of type $\ln^2 (s/m_c^2)$ appearing in various NRQCD short-distance coefficients is always associated with the helicity-suppressed channels.
description: v3, 6 pages, 2 figures, 1 table; matching the published version
A Comprehensive Analysis of Poverty in India
Creators: name: Panagariya, Arvind
name: Mukim, Megha
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper offers a comprehensive analysis of poverty in India. It shows that no matter which of the two official poverty lines we use, poverty has declined steadily in all states and for all social and religious groups. Accelerated growth between the fiscal years 2004-05 and 2009-10 has also led to an accelerated decline in poverty rates. Moreover, the decline in poverty rates during these years has been sharper for the socially disadvantaged groups relative to upper caste groups so that we now observe a narrowing of the gap in the poverty rates between the two sets of social groups. The paper also provides a discussion of the recent controversies in India regarding the choice of poverty lines.
Merging Globally Rigid Formations of Mobile Autonomous Agents
Creators: name: Eren, Tolga
name: Anderson, Brian D. O.
name: Whiteley, Walter
name: Morse, A. Stephen
name: Belhumeur, Peter N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper is concerned with merging globally rigid formations of mobile autonomous agents. A key element in all future multi-agent systems will be the role of sensor and communication networks as an integral part of coordination. Network topologies are critically important for autonomous systems involving mobile underwater, ground and air vehicles and for sensor networks. This paper focuses on developing techniques and strategies for the analysis and design of sensor and network topologies required to merge globally rigid formations for cooperative tasks. Central to the development of these techniques and strategies will be the use of tools from rigidity theory, and graph theory.
Theoretical and Operational Reflections on the Interdisciplinary PBL Simulation for Conflict Negotiation and Communication at the University of Helsinki.
Creators: name: Wood, Graham
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2020

description: An interdisciplinary approach has been adopted for undergraduate Law and Social Science students attending separate seven-week intensive language communication courses run at the University of Helsinki. The challenge has been to anchor this pedagogical development within theoretical frames of reference that contextualise the interdisciplinary PBL simulation. Focus is placed on one of the simulations - Bradford Simulation, based on the 1995 riots involving the Pakistani immigrant community in the English city of Bradford. Conflict encompasses multidimensional problems and synthesising interdisciplinarity with the PBL simulation attempts to create a learning environment in which students can gain an insight into the intricacies of conflict analysis, management and resolution. Considerations of student identity and learning factors are recognised. Key operational management factors requiring advanced organisational and communication skills by the teacher are also broached. Whilst positive outcomes have accrued there are limitations that have compromised the activity.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020)
A Scoping Review of the Relation Between Problem-based Learning and Professional Identity Development in Medical Education
Creators: name: Johansson, Nicolaj
name: Nøhr, Susanne B.
name: Stentoft, Diana
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2020

description: There is a substantial amount of research pointing to the benefits of pedagogical approaches such as problem-based learning (PBL) and the importance of developing professional identity as a physician in medical education. The aim of this review is to investigate the existing literature concerned with the relation between PBL and professional identity development in undergraduate medical students. We performed a scoping review of six electronic databases to map out how the relation between PBL and professional identity development in undergraduate medical students is presented in the existing literature. Eight peer-reviewed full text articles were retrieved as eligible for review. The most important conclusion from our work is that even though the topic of professional identity development in medical education has been studied quite extensively, there is a lack of knowledge about how new types of pedagogical approaches such as how a PBL curriculum influences medical students’ professional identity development.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020)
Rigid Formations with Leader-Follower Architecture
Creators: name: Eren, Tolga
name: Whiteley, Walter
name: Belhumeur, Peter N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper is concerned with information structures used in rigid formations of autonomous agents that have leader-follower architecture. The focus of this paper is on sensor/network topologies to secure control of rigidity. We extend our previous approach for formations with symmetric neighbor relations to include formations with leader-follower architecture. Necessary and sufficient conditions for stably rigid directed formations are given including both cyclic and acyclic directed formations. Some useful steps for creating topologies of directed rigid formations are developed. An algorithm to determine the directions of links to create stably rigid directed formations from rigid undirected formations is presented. It is shown that k-cycles (k > 2) do not cause inconsistencies when measurements are noisy, while 2-cycles do. Simulation results are presented for (i) a rigid acyclic formation, (i) a flexible formation, and (iii) a rigid formation with cycles.
Impact of global crisis on Mexican multinationals varies by industry, survey finds
Creators: name: Kunhardt, Jorge Basave
name: Gutiérrez-Haces, María Teresa
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Business
Finance

description: The Institute for Economic Research (IIEc) of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) and the Vale Columbia Center on Sustainable International Investment (VCC), a joint initiative of the Columbia Law School and the Earth Institute at Columbia University in New York, are releasing the results of their second annual survey of Mexican multinationals today. The survey is part of a long-term study of the rapid global expansion of the multinational enterprises of emerging markets. The present report focuses on data for the year 2009.
Project Based Learning versus Traditional Learning – Comparing Perspectives of Arab Managers with Chinese Managers
Creators: name: Jaeger, Martin
name: Yu, Gang
name: Adair, Desmond
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2020

description: The perspectives on Project Based Learning (PBL), traditional learning and engineering competencies are influenced by national and organizational culture. Based on Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory and grounded in constructivist learning theory, the purpose of this study is to identify the perspectives of Arab and Chinese managers on the effectiveness of PBL versus traditional learning. Utilizing descriptive and inferential statistics (Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney U test), findings show that Arab managers perceive 13 and Chinese managers 2 competencies to be more effectively developed by PBL, while the difference between PBL and traditional learning is perceived smaller among Chinese managers. A higher desire of avoiding uncertainty among Arab managers, higher achievement orientation among Chinese managers and an influence of educational systems were identified. Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are advised to consider these findings, in order to compare with their institutions’ utilization of PBL versus traditional learning and to prepare engineers for global employment.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020)
Scalar 1-loop Feynman integrals as meromorphic functions in space-time dimension d
Creators: name: Phan, Khiem Hong
name: Riemann, Tord
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: n-point function: 4
loop integral: 1
Feynman graph
kinematics
any-dimensional
Mellin transformation
mathematical methods
numerical calculations

description: The long-standing problem of representing the general massive one-loop Feynman integral as a meromorphic function of the space-time dimension $d$ has been solved for the basis of scalar one- to four-point functions with indices one. In 2003 the solution of difference equations in the space-time dimension allowed to determine the necessary classes of special functions: self-energies need ordinary logarithms and Gauss hypergeometric functions $_2F_1$, vertices need additionally Kamp\'{e} de F\'{e}riet-Appell functions $F_1$, and box integrals also Lauricella-Saran functions $F_S$. In this study, alternative recursive Mellin-Barnes representations are used for the representation of $n$-point functions in terms of $(n-1)$-point functions. The approach enabled the first derivation of explicit solutions for the Feynman integrals at arbitrary kinematics. In this article, we scetch our new representations for the general massive vertex and box Feynman integrals and derive a numerical approach for the necessary Appell functions $F_1$ and Saran functions $F_S$ at arbitrary kinematical arguments.
The Problems that Impact the Quality of Project Management Courses Developed Following a Project-Based Learning Approach with the Support of Community Partners
Creators: name: Arantes Do Amaral, Joao Alberto
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2019

description: This case study presents findings regarding the problems that impact the quality of a Project Elaboration and Management course, developed following a project-based learning approach. From 2014 to 2019, the course was taught 27 times, involving 596 undergraduate students from Federal University of Sao Paolo, Campus Osasco, Brazil. The research objective is to reveal the main problems encountered both in setting up and delivering the course, and to analyze their impacts on the quality of the course. Data was collected from the professor’s notes, from correspondence between the professor, students, and other stakeholders, minutes of meetings between the professor and stakeholders, and from the students´ reports about the projects. The data was analyzed following a qualitative systemic analysis, revealing the impacts of the identified problems on the course. The article concludes by presenting possible ways of reducing such problems.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020)
Bargmann type estimates of the counting function for general Schrödinger operators
Creators: name: Molchanov, S.
name: Vainberg, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35P15, 47A75, 60J70

description: The paper concerns upper and lower estimates for the number of negative eigenvalues of one- and two-dimensional Schrödinger operators and more general operators with the spectral dimensions $d\leq 2$. The classical Cwikel-Lieb-Rosenblum (CLR) upper estimates require the corresponding Markov process to be transient, and therefore the dimension to be greater than two. We obtain CLR estimates in low dimensions by transforming the underlying recurrent process into a transient one using partial annihilation. As a result, the estimates for the number of negative eigenvalues are not translation invariant and contain Bargmann type terms. The general theorems are illustrated by analysis of several classes of the Schrödinger type operators (on the Riemannian manifolds, lattices, fractals, etc.). We provide estimates from below which prove that the results obtained are sharp. Lieb-Thirring estimates for the low-dimensional Schrödinger operators are also studied.
description: Some changes in section 5 on 2-D operators. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1105.0937
Interdisciplinary PBL Course Development in Higher Education
Creators: name: Bowen, Cheryl Marie
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2019

description: This case study explores how a problem-based learning (PBL), graduate education course could be organized in ways that utilize the current knowledge of how people learn within diverse, real world community settings. Students were asked to identify an educational enterprise and a social problem within a culturally diverse, high-need community. Throughout the course, they designed a service-learning experience, which was linked to the mission and vision of the enterprise while providing a meaningful, sustainable service to the community. At the end of the course, students viewed themselves as potential agents of social change through project presentations and reflections.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020)
Our Home on Native Land: Navigating Tensions between Reconciliation and the Liberal Democratic State
Creators: name: Thiessen, Dylan Wayne
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Reconciliation
subject: Settler-Colonial Reconciliation
subject: Indigenous-Settler Relations
subject: Liberal Democracy
subject: Canadian Politics
subject: Hannah Arendt
subject: Truth and Reconciliation Commission
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Historically, reconciliation has helped states transition from authoritarian regimes to democratic regimes after a period of violent conflict. More recently, settler states, including Canada, have adopted this approach to try to heal relationships between settler and Indigenous populations. How reconciliation can be used in a non-transitional setting (in an already-established democracy), however, is uncertain. As such, this thesis analyzes points of tension between liberal democratic principles and reconciliation, focusing on liberal individualism, private property, political institutions, and multiculturalism. I then offer a reconceptualization of reconciliation informed by the work of Hannah Arendt to clarify the role of forgiveness, show reconciliation as relational, and introduce non-reconciliation as a genuine possibility. The thesis ends by scrutinizing the role that private property and political institutions play in themselves creating roadblocks on a path toward reconciliation. Ultimately, my argument is twofold. First, I argue that reconciliation is not suitable for the Canadian context when defined traditionally, and that Canadian liberal democratic principles must also be subject to change, adaptation, or removal. Second, I argue that substantive reconciliation will only come about through a radical and fundamental shift in Indigenous-settler relations that allows for the emergence of Indigenous sovereignty and puts an end to the power and control that the Canadian state currently exerts over Indigenous nations.
Execution or OPS5 Production Systems on a Massively Parallel Machine
Creators: name: Hillyer, Bruce K.
name: Shaw, David Elliot
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1984
Subjects: Computer science

description: In recent years, the development of expert systems implemented by rule-based production systems has emerged as one of the dominant paradigms in the field of artificial intelligence. While production systems offer important advantages in large-scale AI applications, their use in such applications is typically very costly in execution time. In this paper, we describe an algorithm for executing production systems expressed in the OPS5 language on a massively parallel multiple-SIMD machine called NON-VON, portions of which are currently under construction at Columbia University. The algorithm, a parallel adaptation of Forgy's Rete Match, has been implemented and tested on an instruction-level simulator. We present a detailed performance analysis, based on the implemented code, for the averaged characteristics of six production systems having an average of 910 inference rules each. The analysis predicts an execution rate of more than 850 production firings per second using hardware comparable in cost to a VAX 11/780. By way of comparison, a LISP-based OPS5 interpreter running on a VAX 11/780 typically fires 1 to 5 rules per second, while a Bliss-based interpreter executes 5 to 12 rules per second.
Measurement of the gas-flow reduction factor of the KATRIN DPS2-F differential pumping section
Creators: name: Lukic, S.
name: Bornschein, B.
name: Bornschein, L.
name: Drexlin, G.
name: Kosmider, A.
name: Schloesser, K.
name: Windberger, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gas-flow reduction factor of the second forward Differential Pumping Section (DPS2-F) for the KATRIN experiment was determined using a dedicated vacuum-measurement setup and by detailed molecular-flow simulation of the DPS2-F beam tube and of the measurement apparatus. In the measurement, non-radioactive test gases deuterium, helium, neon, argon and krypton were used, the input gas flow was provided by a commercial mass-flow controller, and the output flow was measured using a residual gas analyzer, in order to distinguish it from the outgassing background. The measured reduction factor with the empty beam tube at room temperature for gases with mass 4 is 1.8(4)E4, which is in excellent agreement with the simulated value of 1.6E4. The simulated reduction factor for tritium, based on the interpolated value for the capture factor at the turbo-molecular pump inlet flange is 2.5E4. The difference with respect to the design value of 1E5 is due to the modifications in the beam tube geometry since the initial design, and can be partly recovered by reduction of the effective beam tube diameter.
description: 10 figures, 10 pages, version accepted for publication the Vacuum journal
DADO: A Tree-Structured Machine Architecture for Production Systems
Creators: name: Stolfo, Salvatore
name: Shaw, David Elliot
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1982
Subjects: Computer science

description: DAOO (Stolfo and Shaw, 1981) is a parallel, tree-structured machine designed to provide highly significant performance improvements in the execution of production systems. A production system (Newell, 1973; Davis and King 1975; Rychener, 1976) is defined by a set of rules, or productions, which form the production memory (PM), together with a database of assertions, called the working menory (WM). Each production consists of a conjunction of pattern elements, called the left-hand side (LHS) of the rule, along with a set of actions called the right-hand side (RHS). The RHS specifies information which is to be added to (asserted) or removed from WM when the LHS successfully matches against the contents of WM. In this paper, we describe a tree-structured machine architecture that utilizes the emerging technology of VLSI systems in support of the highly efficient parallel execution of large-scale production systans. Portions of the machine, which we have come to call DADO, are now in the early stages of construction at Columbia University. We believe a full-scale DADO prototype, capable of significant performance improvements over implementations based on von Neumann Machines, to be technically and economically feasible for implementation using current technology.
Dimensional Scaling Treatment with Relativistic Corrections for Stable Multiply Charged Atomic Ions in High-Frequency Super-Intense Laser Fields
Creators: name: Hoehn, Ross D.
name: Wang, Jiaxiang
name: Kais, Sabre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical framework which describes multiply-charged atomic ions, their stability within super-intense laser fields,also lay corrections to the systems due to relativistic effects. Dimensional scaling calculations with relativistic corrections for systems: H, H$^{-}$, H$^{2-}$, He, He$^{-}$, He$^{2-}$, He$^{3-}$ within super-intense laser fields were completed. Also completed were three-dimensional self consistent field calculations to verify the dimensionally scaled quantities. With the aforementioned methods the system's ability to stably bind 'additional' electrons through the development of multiple isolated regions of high potential energy leading to nodes of high electron density is shown. These nodes are spaced far enough from each other to minimized the electronic repulsion of the electrons, while still providing adequate enough attraction so as to bind the excess elections into orbitals. We have found that even with relativistic considerations these species are stably bound within the field. It was also found that performing the dimensional scaling calculations for systems within the confines of laser fields to be a much simpler and more cost-effective method than the supporting D=3 SCF method. The dimensional scaling method is general and can be extended to include relativistic corrections to describe the stability of simple molecular systems in super-intense laser fields.
The evolution of bird pollination in Macaronesian Lotus section Rhyncholotus (Leguminosae)
Creators: name: Ojeda Alayon, Isidro
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In order to understand the evolutionary transition from bee pollination (melittophily) to bird pollination (ornithophily), I studied a group of Lotus from Macaronesia. First, I provided a combined phylogenetic framework using nuclear and plastid genes, where I showed that the morphological features adapted to opportunistic passerine birds in Tenerife and La Palma are derived and evolved recently within the last 1.2 Ma in four species. I also identified Lotus sessilifolius as the most likely closely related species with melittophily. I showed that L. sessilifolius and the clade where this syndrome evolved had a pre-adaptation to produce a color change to red flowers (and the associated anthocyanidin pigment, cyanidin) as a possible strategy to increase bee foraging efficiency. The transition from yellow to red flowers in this group required only a redirection in the flux of pigment production and a modification in the proportions of flavonols and anthocyanidins, especially within the cyanidin branch. I also found that petal micromorphology is highly modified between the two syndromes. I found that ornithophilous flowers lack the typical papillose conical cells, which are distributed in the exposed sides of the petals in bee-pollinated flowers. This reduction of conical cells is associated with an early down-regulation of a dorsal identity gene in legumes, LjCYC2. Bird-pollinated flowers also have a higher proportion of tabular rugose cells in all three types of petals in comparison with the bee-pollinated species. The increase of this epidermal type is associated with an up-regulation of LjCYC3, a lateral petal identity gene, during early stages of flower development in the dorsal and lateral petals. Lotus sessilifolius also seems to have this early expression in comparison with other bee-pollinated species. All this evidence suggests that the transition from bee to bird pollination in this group required only heterochronic modifications of the genes involved in flower color and petal micromorphology. It seems that ornithophily in Lotus evolved within a group which has at least two pre-adaptations, production of pigments required for red colors and an increase in the amount of tabular rugose cells, which likely facilitated the evolution of phenotypes associated with this pollination syndrome in the Canary Islands.
The Pseudorandomness of Elastic Block Ciphers
Creators: name: Cook, Debra L.
name: Yung, Moti
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: We investigate elastic block ciphers, a method for constructing variable length block ciphers, from a theorectical perspective. We view the underlying structure of an elastic block cipher as a network, which we refer to as an elastic network, and analyze the network in a manner similar to the analysis performed by Luby and Rackoff on Fesitel networks. We prove that a three round elastic network is a pseudorandom permutation and a four round network is a strong pseudorandom permutation when the round functions are pseudorandom permutations.
Particle acceleration at relativistic shock waves
Creators: name: Lemoine, Martin
name: Pelletier, Guy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic sources, e.g. gamma-ray bursts, pulsar wind nebulae and powerful active galactic nuclei produce relativistic outflows that lead to the formation of collisionless shock waves, where particle acceleration is thought to take place. Our understanding of relativistic shock acceleration has improved in the past decade, thanks to the combination of analytical studies and high level numerical simulations. In ultra-relativistic shocks, particle acceleration is made difficult by the generically transverse magnetic field and large advection speed of the shocked plasma. Fast growing microturbulence is thus needed to make the Fermi process operative. It is thought, and numerical simulations support that view, that the penetration of supra-thermal particles in the shock precursor generates a magnetic turbulence which in turn produces the scattering process needed for particle acceleration through the Fermi mechanism. Through the comparison of the growth timescale of the microinstabilities in the shock precursor and the precursor crossing timescale, it is possible to delimit in terms of magnetization and shock Lorentz factor the region in which micro-turbulence may be excited, hence whether and how Fermi acceleration is triggered. These findings are summarized here and astrophysical consequences are drawn.
description: based on talks given at KIAA "Cosmic ray" workshop, at SF2A2011 and at WISAP2011; 16 pages, 1 figure. To be published in the proceedings of the WISAP 2011 Eilat meeting, eds M. Mond and P.-L. Sulem
Additional file 1 of A real-world economic analysis of biologic therapies for moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in Italy: results of the CANOVA observational longitudinal study
Creators: name: Zagni, Emanuela
name: Bianchi, Luca
name: Fabbrocini, Gabriella
name: Corrao, Salvatore
name: Offidani, Annamaria
name: Stingeni, Luca
name: Costanzo, Antonio
name: Pellacani, Giovanni
name: Peris, Ketty
name: Bardazzi, Federico
name: Argenziano, Giuseppe
name: Ruffolo, Silvana
name: Dapavo, Paolo
name: Carrera, Carlo
name: Fargnoli, Maria Concetta
name: Parodi, Aurora
name: Romanelli, Marco
name: Malagoli, Piergiorgio
name: Talamonti, Marina
name: Megna, Matteo
name: Raspanti, Massimo
name: Paolinelli, Matteo
name: Hansel, Katharina
name: Narcisi, Alessandra
name: Conti, Andrea
name: De Simone, Clara
name: Chessa, Marco Adriano
name: De Rosa, Alina
name: Provenzano, Eugenio
name: Ortoncelli, Michela
name: Moltrasio, Chiara
name: Fidanza, Rosaria
name: Burlando, Martina
name: Tonini, Annalisa
name: Gaiani, Francesca Maria
name: Simoni, Lucia
name: Zullo, Alessandro
name: Fiocchi, Martina
name: Colombo, Delia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
"Songs to Soothe a Mother": Intertextuality and Intertribalism in Kiowa War Mother Songs
Creators: name: Yamane, Maxwell Hiroshi
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Music
subject: Native American studies
subject: American history
subject: Chronotope
subject: James "Jimmy A" Anquoe
subject: Kiowa
subject: Lewis Toyebo
subject: Powwow
subject: War Mother Songs

description: War Mother songs were first composed for the women of the Kiowa War Mothers Chapter 18 organization during World War II by two main composers, Lewis Toyebo and James “Jimmy A” Anquoe. These songs initially functioned to provide encouragement for both the servicemen deploying overseas and their mothers, and later were performed to honor returning veterans. Through musical and linguistic elements, War Mother songs serve as an intertext of multiple pre-reservation songs and dances (War Journey, Scalp, and Victory), but also reflect changes in warfare and post-reservation lifestyle in the twentieth-century. After World War II into the Korean and Vietnam Wars, War Mother song performances continued to honor veterans, both returning and fallen in battle, in a mix of Kiowa contexts and intertribal spaces.
Stabilizing Gain Selection of Networked Variable Gain Controller to Maximize Robustness Using Particle Swarm Optimization
Creators: name: Pan, Indranil
name: Das, Saptarshi
name: Ghosh, Soumyajit
name: Gupta, Amitava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Networked Control Systems (NCSs) are often associated with problems like random data losses which might lead to system instability. This paper proposes a method based on the use of variable controller gains to achieve maximum parametric robustness of the plant controlled over a network. Stability using variable controller gains under data loss conditions is analyzed using a suitable Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) formulation. Also, a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based technique is used to maximize parametric robustness of the plant.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Catalytic Behavior of Metal-Organic Framework UiO-66 in Conversion of Saccharide Biomass
Creators: name: Morales, Ricardo
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
subject: Brønsted Acidity
subject: Exo-enzymatic model
subject: Inulin Hydrolysis
subject: Lewis Acidity
subject: Metal-organic frameworks
subject: UiO-66

description: UiO-66 (Universitet i Oslo 66) is a zirconium-based metal-organic framework (MOF) material. Due to the superior thermal, chemical and mechanical stability, UiO-66 is one of the most attractive MOF platforms to enabling catalysis. This thesis explored the catalytic behavior of UiO-66 in saccharide biomass conversion. The Brønsted acidity in UiO-66 enabled depolymerization of inulin into monosaccharides, which has distinct high activity than inorganic BEA zeolite and aqueous hydrogen chloride (HCl) acid catalysts. The catalytic mechanism of UiO-66 stays in-between pore mouth catalysis and random chain splitting which are prevalent mechanisms in BEA and HCl acid, respectively. The UiO-66 was further explored as catalyst for synthesis of alkyl lactates from saccharide biomass via one-pot multiple step reaction approach. The Lewis and Brønsted acidity in UiO-66 enabled this reaction network, and produced methyl and ethyl lactate from methanol and ethanol solvents by using mono-, di- and polysaccharide feedstocks.
Exploring the Experiences of Graduate Nurses with Horizontal Violence
Creators: name: Krut, Breanne Alyse
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: horizontal violence
subject: graduate nurses
subject: bullying in nursing
subject: new nurses
subject: lateral violence
subject: nurses eating their young
subject: toxic nursing culture
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Horizontal violence (HV) is a familiar term used within the nursing profession. Certain populations of nurses are more susceptible to HV than others. Graduate nurses (GNs), nurses within their first 12 months of practice, are widely considered a vulnerable population within the profession, and thus more at risk for HV. A common thread found in the literature is that the damage from HV is at all levels of healthcare. The purpose of this research was to explore how HV affects GNs. Interviews were conducted to collect data and analyze the data using thematic analysis. Participants included eight GNs or RNs, all of whom had experience with HV in their first 12 months of practice. The two main themes that were found in this study are Toxic Nursing Culture and Fear. Horizontal violence poses a serious challenge for GNs entering the nursing profession. It is essential to have an understanding of the challenges that GNs are facing today when they enter the workforce in order to promote change and advocate for safe workplace environments.
Die Quasi-in-house-Ausnahme
Creators: name: Diebold, Nicolas
name: Ludin, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: kein Abstract vorhanden
description: + ID der Publikation: unilu_48487 + Sprache: Deutsch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2020-12-14 17:46:01
Learning Meta-Rule Control of Production Systems from Execution Traces
Creators: name: Harrison, Malcolm C.
name: Stolfo, Salvatore
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1980
Subjects: Computer science
Execution traces (Computer program testing)
Explicit memory
Implicit memory

description: In the last decade, work in Artificial Intelligence has stressed the importance of having both declarative and procedural forms of knowledge available. Recently, a number of workers have pointed out that procedural information can be regarded as control information which can be used to control the sequencing of application of the declarative components, and have remarked on the advantages of keeping these two types of information separate [see, for example, Sigart Newsletters #63, June 1977 and #70, Feb. 1980]. In the last few years we have been looking at the problem of automatically inferring this control component from the behaviour of the declarative component [7]. In this paper we describe briefly some experiments we have done, discuss some of the difficulties we have encountered, and show how they might be overcome.