cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Testing Higher-Order Lagrangian Perturbation Theory Against Numerical Simulations - 1. Pancake Models
Creators: name: Buchert, T.
name: Melott, A. L.
name: Weiss, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results showing an improvement of the accuracy of perturbation theory as applied to cosmological structure formation for a useful range of quasilinear scales. The Lagrangian theory of gravitational instability of an Einstein-de Sitter dust cosmogony investigated and solved up to the third order in the series of papers by Buchert (1989, 1992, 1993a), Buchert \& Ehlers (1993), Buchert (1993b), Ehlers \& Buchert (1993), is compared with numerical simulations. In this paper we study the dynamics of pancake models as a first step. In previous work (Coles \etal 1993, Melott \etal 1993, Melott 1993) the accuracy of several analytical approximations for the modeling of large-scale structure in the mildly non-linear regime was analyzed in the same way, allowing for direct comparison of the accuracy of various approximations. In particular, the ``Zel'dovich approximation'' (Zel'dovich 1970, 1973, hereafter ZA) as a subclass of the first-order Lagrangian perturbation solutions was found to provide an excellent approximation to the density field in the mildly non-linear regime (i.e. up to a linear r.m.s. density contrast of $σ\approx 2$). The performance of ZA in hierarchical clustering models can be greatly improved by truncating the initial power spectrum (smoothing the initial data). We here explore whether this approximation can be further improved with higher-order corrections in the displacement mapping from homogeneity. We study a single pancake model (truncated power-spectrum with power-index $n=-1$) using cross-correlation statistics employed in
description: TeX, 18 pages excl.figures; contact TOB@ibma.ipp-garching.mpg.de ; MELOTT@kusmos.phsx.ukans.edu . submitted to Astron. & Astrophys
Three-dimensional mapping of the local interstellar medium with composite data
Creators: name: Capitanio, Letizia
name: Lallement, Rosine
name: Vergely, Jean Luc
name: Elyajouri, Meriem
name: Monreal-Ibero, Ana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional maps of the Galactic interstellar medium are general astrophysical tools. Reddening maps may be based on the inversion of color excess measurements for individual target stars or on statistical methods using stellar surveys. Three-dimensional maps based on diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) have also been produced. All methods benefit from the advent of massive surveys and from Gaia data. We first updated our previous local dust maps based on a regularized Bayesian inversion of individual color excess data by replacing Hipparcos or photometric distances with Gaia Data Release 1 values when available. Secondly, we complemented this database with a series of ~5,000 color excess values estimated from the strength of the lambda 15273 DIB toward stars from SDSS/APOGEE, possessing a Gaia parallax. Third, we computed a low-resolution map based on a grid of Pan-STARRS reddening measurements by means of a new hierarchical technique and used this map as the prior distribution during the inversion of the two other datasets. Here we present a first attempt to combine different datasets and methods to improve the local maps. The use of Gaia parallaxes introduces significant changes in some areas and globally increases the compactness of the structures. Additional DIB-based data make it possible to assign distances to clouds located behind closer opaque structures and do not introduce contradictory information for the close structures. A more realistic prior distribution instead of a plane-parallel homogeneous distribution helps better define the structures. We validated the results through comparisons with other maps and with soft X-ray data. Our study demonstrates that the combination of various tracers is a potential tool for more accurate maps. An online tool makes it possible to retrieve maps and reddening estimations (http://stilism.obspm.fr).
The brane as a Higgs domain wall: ideas and issues
Creators: name: Volkas, Raymond R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most obvious field-theoretic model for a brane is a scalar field domain wall or kink. I discuss how this idea can be connected with spontaneous internal symmetry breaking via a mechanism called the ``clash of symmetries''. Compatibility with Randall and Sundrum's warped metric alternative to compactification is then demonstrated. I end with brief remarks about open questions.
description: 4 pages. Invited talk at Susy06. To appear in the proceedings
Structures in Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Escalera, E.
name: Biviano, A.
name: Girardi, M.
name: Giuricin, G.
name: Mardirossian, F.
name: Mazure, A.
name: Mezzetti, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analysis of the presence of substructures in 16 well-sampled clusters of galaxies suggests a stimulating hypothesis: Clusters could be classified as unimodal or bimodal, on the basis of to the sub-clump distribution in the {\em 3-D} space of positions and velocities. The dynamic study of these clusters shows that their fundamental characteristics, in particular the virial masses, are not severely biased by the presence of subclustering if the system considered is bound.
description: (16 pages in LATEX, 4 tables in LATEX are at the end of the file, the figures not included are available upon request), REF SISSA 158/93/A
Characterization of Polarimetric Properties in Various Brain Tumor Types Using Wide-Field Imaging Mueller Polarimetry
Creators: name: Gros, Romane
name: Rodriguez-Nunez, Omar
name: Felger, Leonard
name: Moriconi, Stefano
name: McKinley, Richard
name: Pierangelo, Angelo
name: Novikova, Tatiana
name: Vassella, Erik
name: Schucht, Philippe
name: Hewer, Ekkehard
name: Maragkou, Theoni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Neuro-oncological surgery is the primary brain cancer treatment, yet it faces challenges with gliomas due to their invasiveness and the need to preserve neurological function. Hence, radical resection is often unfeasible, highlighting the importance of precise tumor margin delineation to prevent neurological deficits and improve prognosis. Imaging Mueller polarimetry, an effective modality in various organ tissues, seems a promising approach for tumor delineation in neurosurgery. To further assess its use, we characterized the polarimetric properties by analysing 45 polarimetric measurements of 27 fresh brain tumor samples, including different tumor types with a strong focus on gliomas. Our study integrates a wide-field imaging Mueller polarimetric system and a novel neuropathology protocol, correlating polarimetric and histological data for accurate tissue identification. An image processing pipeline facilitated the alignment and overlay of polarimetric images and histological masks. Variations in depolarization values were observed for grey and white matter of brain tumor tissue, while differences in linear retardance were seen only within white matter of brain tumor tissue. Notably, we identified pronounced optical axis azimuth randomization within tumor regions. This study lays the foundation for machine learning-based brain tumor segmentation algorithms using polarimetric data, facilitating intraoperative diagnosis and decision making.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures. This work has been submitted to the IEEE for possible publication
Antipodal correlation on the meron wormhole and a bang-crunch universe
Creators: name: Betzios, Panagiotis
name: Gaddam, Nava
name: Papadoulaki, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a covariant euclidean wormhole solution to Einstein Yang-Mills system and study scalar perturbations analytically. The fluctuation operator has a positive definite spectrum. We compute the Euclidean Green's function, which displays maximal antipodal correlation on the smallest three sphere. Upon analytic continuation, it corresponds to the Feynman propagator on a compact bang-crunch universe. We present the connection matrix that relates past and future modes. We thoroughly discuss the physical implications of the antipodal map in both the Euclidean and Lorentzian geometries.
description: 5 pages; v2 - discussion on semi-classical stability added, published
Imprints of Barrow-Tsallis Cosmology in Primordial Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Jizba, Petr
name: Lambiase, Gaetano
name: Luciano, Giuseppe Gaetano
name: Mastrototaro, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both the Barrow and Tsallis $δ$ entropies are one-parameter generalizations of the black-hole entropy, with the same microcanonical functional form. The ensuing deformation is quantified by a dimensionless parameter $Δ$, which in the case of Barrow entropy represents the anomalous dimension, while in Tsallis' case, it describes the deviation of the holographic scaling from extensivity. Here, we utilize the gravity-thermodynamics conjecture with the Barrow--Tsallis entropy to investigate the implications of the related modified Friedmann equations on the spectrum of primordial gravitational waves. We show that, with the experimental sensitivity of the next generation of gravitational wave detectors, such as the Big Bang Observer, it will be possible to discriminate deviations from the $Λ$CDM model up to $Δ\lesssim\mathcal{O}(10^{-3})$.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Supplementary Data S4 from Sost deficiency leads to reduced mechanical strains at the tibia midshaft in strain-matched in vivo loading experiments in mice
Creators: name: Albiol, Laia
name: Cilla, Myriam
name: Pflanz, David
name: Kramer, Ina
name: Kneissel, Michaela
name: Duda, Georg N.
name: Willie, Bettina M.
name: Checa, Sara
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Sclerostin, a product of the Sost gene, is a Wnt-inhibitor and thus negatively regulates bone accrual. Canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling is also known to be activated in mechanotransduction. Sclerostin neutralizing antibodies are being tested in ongoing clinical trials to target osteoporosis and osteogenesis imperfecta but their interaction with mechanical stimuli on bone formation remains unclear. Sost knockout (KO) mice were examined to gain insight on how long-term Sost deficiency alters the local mechanical environment within the bone. This knowledge is crucial since the strain environment regulates bone adaptation. We characterized the bone geometry at the tibial midshaft of young and adult Sost KO and age-matched littermate control (LC) mice using microcomputed tomography imaging. The cortical area and the minimal and maximal moment of inertia were higher in Sost KO than in LC mice, whereas no difference was detected in either the anterior–posterior or medio-lateral bone curvature. Differences observed between age-matched genotypes were greater in adult mice. We analysed the local mechanical environment in the bone using finite-element models (FEMs), which showed that strains in the tibiae of Sost KO mice are lower than in age-matched LC mice at the diaphyseal midshaft, a region commonly used to assess cortical bone formation and resorption. Our FEMs also suggested that tissue mineral density is only a minor contributor to the strain distribution in tibial cortical bone from Sost KO mice compared to bone geometry. Furthermore, they indicated that although strain gauging experiments matched strains at the gauge site, strains along the tibial length were not comparable between age-matched Sost KO and LC mice or between young and adult animals within the same genotype.
The visualization of the space probability distribution for a moving particle I: in a single ring-shaped Coulomb potential
Creators: name: You, Yuan
name: Lu, Fa-Lin
name: Sun, Dong-Sheng
name: Chen, Chang-Yuan
name: Dong, Shi-Hai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: A.m
subject: 83C15

description: We first present the exact solutions of the single ring-shaped Coulomb potential and then realize the visualizations of the space probability distribution for a moving particle within the framework of this potential. We illustrate the two-(contour) and three-dimensional (isosurface) visualizations for those specifically given quantum numbers (n, l, m) essentially related to those so-called quasi quantum numbers (n',l',m') through changing the single ring-shaped Coulomb potential parameter b. We find that the space probability distributions (isosurface) of a moving particle for the special case and the usual case are spherical and circular ring-shaped, respectively by considering all variables in spherical coordinates. We also study the features of the relative probability values P of the space probability distributions. As an illustration, by studying the special case of the quantum numbers (n, l, m)=(6, 5, 1) we notice that the space probability distribution for a moving particle will move towards two poles of axis z as the relative probability value P increases. Moreover, we discuss the series expansion of the deformed spherical harmonics through the orthogonal and complete spherical harmonics and find that the principal component decreases gradually and other components will increase as the potential parameter b increases.
description: 28 pages, 6 tables, 1 figures
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de l'office de la Porte de l'abbaye de Cîteaux, Registrum possessionum porte Cistercii (début XVe siècle), Cart. 172 (11 H 69), 115 folios, f. 0192
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire de l'office de la Porte de l'abbaye de Cîteaux, Registrum possessionum porte Cistercii (début XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 172 (11 H 69), 115 folios, f. 0192, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de l'office de la Porte de l'abbaye de Cîteaux, Registrum possessionum porte Cistercii (début XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 172 (11 H 69), 115 folios, f. 0192, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Diffractive $χ$ Production at the Tevatron and the LHC
Creators: name: Rangel, M.
name: Royon, C.
name: Alves, G.
name: Barreto, J.
name: Peschanski, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present predictions for the diffractive production of $χ$ mesons in the central rapidity region usually covered by collider detectors. The predicted cross sections are based on the Bialas-Landshoff formalism for both exclusive and inclusive production and makes use of the DPEMC Monte-Carlo simulation adapted with kinematics appropriate for small-mass diffractive production. We compare generator-level results with a CDF measurement for exclusive $χ$ production, and study background and other scenarios including the contribution of inclusive $χ$ production. The results agree with the Tevatron data and are extrapolated, highlighting the exclusive $\chic$ production at LHC energies. A possible new measurement at the Tevatron using the DØforward detectors is investigated, taking advantage of the dominance of exclusive production for high enough diffractive mass fraction.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, added akcnowledgments
A Morphology--Cosmology Connection for X--Ray Clusters
Creators: name: Evrard, August
name: Mohr, Joseph
name: Fabricant, Daniel
name: Geller, Margaret
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ N--body/$3D$ gas dynamic simulations of the formation of galaxy clusters to determine whether cluster X--ray morphologies can be used as cosmological constraints. Confirming the analytic expectations of Richstone, Loeb, \& Turner, we demonstrate that cluster evolution is sensitive to the cosmological model in which the clusters form. We further show that evolutionary differences are echoed in the gross morphological features of the cluster X--ray emission. We examine current--epoch X--ray images of models originating from the same initial density fields evolved in three different cosmologies: (i) an unbiased, low density universe with $Ω_o \se 0.2$; (ii) an unbiased universe dominated by vacuum energy with $Ω_o \se 0.2$ and $λ_o \se 0.8$ and (iii) a biased Einstein--deSitter model ($Ω\se 1$, $σ_8=0.59$). Using measures of X--ray morphology such as the axial ratio and centroid shifting, we demonstrate that clusters evolved in the two low $Ω_o$ models are much more regular, spherically symmetric, and centrally condensed than clusters evolved in the Einstein--deSitter model. This morphology--cosmology connection, along with the availability of a large body of cluster X--ray observations, makes cluster X--ray morphology both a powerful and a practical cosmological discriminant.
description: (uuencoded, compressed postscript, 9 pages including figures), CFA-3709
Post-Primary Teachers' Perspectives on the Effects of Homework for Student Learning
Creators: name: Redmond, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Student Teacher Educational Research (STER)
Year: 2021
Subjects: Junior Cycle
Post-Primary
Assessment
Feedback

description: Stephanie Redmond, graduate of the Bachelor of Arts in Education, Gaeilge and Business Studies at Mary Immaculate College, Thurles writes about her dissertation research - 'Post-Primary Teachers’ Perspectives on the Effects of Homework for Student Learning' in volume 4 of the STER e-Journal, 2021
Training the Caribbean territorial heritage: the CARITALENTS cooperation project in Barbados and Dominica
Creators: name: Morbidoni, Michele
name: Paloscia, Raffaele
Publisher: name: Scienze del Territorio
Year: 2019

description: Today as in the past, the Caribbean is the setting for intersections among peoples, cultures, economies and the natural environment, of which the local territorial heritage is the historical outcome. Thanks to their origins, natural and anthropic fragilities affecting these habitats are likely the most suitable to be cared by interventions based on knowledge sharing and exchange. In the Lesser Antilles, climate change and market globalization threaten the physical and human environment, imposing unsustainable socio-economic transformations and affecting namely young people disadvantaged and at risk. Therefore, the islands of Barbados and Dominica share the duty of preserving their territorial heritage against urban degradation, economic vulnerability and social disintegration. The CARITALENTS cooperation project fostered the sharing of expertise on territorial heritage between international and local experts and its transfer to local actors, especially by training young people through innovative participatory tools. Actions aimed at enhancing awareness and knowledge about local heritage are the hinge of Experimental laboratories developed throughout the territory of the islands. Two laboratories amongst the other are accounted, as selected cases useful to the assessment of the project effectiveness in renovating a collective vision on local territorial heritage from the viewpoint of young generations.
description: Scienze del Territorio, Vol 7 (2019): Territori fragili. Comunità, patrimonio, progetto
Beam normal spin asymmetry for the $e p \to e Δ(1232)$ process
Creators: name: Carlson, Carl E.
name: Pasquini, Barbara
name: Pauk, Vladyslav
name: Vanderhaeghen, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the single spin asymmetry for the $e p \to e Δ(1232)$ process, for an electron beam polarized normal to the scattering plane. Such single spin asymmetries vanish in the one-photon exchange approximation, and are directly proportional to the absorptive part of a two-photon exchange amplitude. As the intermediate state in such two-photon exchange process is on its mass shell, the asymmetry allows one to access for the first time the on-shell $Δ\to Δ$ as well as $N^\ast \to Δ$ electromagnetic transitions. We present the general formalism to describe the $e p \to e Δ$ beam normal spin asymmetry, and provide a numerical estimate of its value using the nucleon, $Δ(1232)$, $S_{11}(1535)$, and $D_{13}(1520)$ intermediate states. We compare our results with the first data from the Qweak@JLab experiment and give predictions for the A4@MAMI experiment.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
KI-Projekte erfolgreich umsetzen: Eine Checkliste für den Mittelstand
Creators: name: Mittelstand-Digital Zentrum Saarbrücken
name: Schnur, Christopher
name: Schmidt, Daniela
name: Becker, Daniel
name: Blum, Anne
Publisher: name: Mittelstand-Digital Zentrum Saarbrücken
Year: 2024
Subjects: Checkliste
KI
KI Projekte
Datenqualität
Mess- und Datenplanung
Mittelstand
Mittelstand-Digital Zentrum

description: Um das volle Potential der Algorithmen in datengetriebenen KI-Projekten der Industrie, speziell im Mittelstand, voll auszuschöpfen, spielt die zugrundeliegende Qualität der Daten eine maßgebende Rolle.  

Diese Checkliste dient zur Unterstützung bei der Planung eines Projektes zur Nutzung maschinellen Lernens an bereits vorhandenen Anlagen, Prozessen und Betriebsmitteln. Im Fokus stehen daher nicht die Neugestaltung/-anschaffung von Prozessen, Anlagen und Prototypen. Dennoch kann die Checkliste auch eine Orientierung für diese Anwendungsfälle sein. Sie verfolgt den Ansatz, durch die Einbringung von Fachwissen möglichst gezielt, valide zeitkontinuierliche Daten aufzuzeichnen und übersichtlich bereitzustellen. Weiterhin wird bei der Modellbildung unterstützt. Aufgrund der hohen Vielfalt verfügbarer maschineller Lernmethoden wird die Datenanalyse im Rahmen dieses Dokuments nur auf grundlegendem Niveau behandelt.  

Die vorliegende Checkliste basiert auf der "Checkliste – Mess- und Datenplanung für das maschinelle Lernen in der Montage" von Schnur et al., welche kostenlos und Open Source auf dem Online-Repository Zenodo unter folgendem Link verfügbar ist:  https://zenodo.org/record/6943476 

Förderinitiative:

Das Mittelstand-Digital Netzwerk bietet mit den Mittelstand-Digital Zentren und der Initiative IT-Sicherheit in der Wirtschaft umfassende Unterstützung bei der Digitalisierung. Kleine und mittlere Unternehmen profitieren von konkreten Praxisbeispielen und passgenauen, anbieterneutralen Angeboten zur Qualifikation und IT-Sicherheit. Das Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Klimaschutz ermöglichtdie kostenfreie Nutzung der Angebote von Mittelstand-Digital. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter www.mittelstand-digital.de.
GradNorm: Gradient Normalization for Adaptive Loss Balancing in Deep Multitask Networks
Creators: name: Chen, Zhao
name: Badrinarayanan, Vijay
name: Lee, Chen-Yu
name: Rabinovich, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep multitask networks, in which one neural network produces multiple predictive outputs, can offer better speed and performance than their single-task counterparts but are challenging to train properly. We present a gradient normalization (GradNorm) algorithm that automatically balances training in deep multitask models by dynamically tuning gradient magnitudes. We show that for various network architectures, for both regression and classification tasks, and on both synthetic and real datasets, GradNorm improves accuracy and reduces overfitting across multiple tasks when compared to single-task networks, static baselines, and other adaptive multitask loss balancing techniques. GradNorm also matches or surpasses the performance of exhaustive grid search methods, despite only involving a single asymmetry hyperparameter $α$. Thus, what was once a tedious search process that incurred exponentially more compute for each task added can now be accomplished within a few training runs, irrespective of the number of tasks. Ultimately, we will demonstrate that gradient manipulation affords us great control over the training dynamics of multitask networks and may be one of the keys to unlocking the potential of multitask learning.
description: ICML 2018
Supplementary Data S3 from Sost deficiency leads to reduced mechanical strains at the tibia midshaft in strain-matched in vivo loading experiments in mice
Creators: name: Albiol, Laia
name: Cilla, Myriam
name: Pflanz, David
name: Kramer, Ina
name: Kneissel, Michaela
name: Duda, Georg N.
name: Willie, Bettina M.
name: Checa, Sara
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Sclerostin, a product of the Sost gene, is a Wnt-inhibitor and thus negatively regulates bone accrual. Canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling is also known to be activated in mechanotransduction. Sclerostin neutralizing antibodies are being tested in ongoing clinical trials to target osteoporosis and osteogenesis imperfecta but their interaction with mechanical stimuli on bone formation remains unclear. Sost knockout (KO) mice were examined to gain insight on how long-term Sost deficiency alters the local mechanical environment within the bone. This knowledge is crucial since the strain environment regulates bone adaptation. We characterized the bone geometry at the tibial midshaft of young and adult Sost KO and age-matched littermate control (LC) mice using microcomputed tomography imaging. The cortical area and the minimal and maximal moment of inertia were higher in Sost KO than in LC mice, whereas no difference was detected in either the anterior–posterior or medio-lateral bone curvature. Differences observed between age-matched genotypes were greater in adult mice. We analysed the local mechanical environment in the bone using finite-element models (FEMs), which showed that strains in the tibiae of Sost KO mice are lower than in age-matched LC mice at the diaphyseal midshaft, a region commonly used to assess cortical bone formation and resorption. Our FEMs also suggested that tissue mineral density is only a minor contributor to the strain distribution in tibial cortical bone from Sost KO mice compared to bone geometry. Furthermore, they indicated that although strain gauging experiments matched strains at the gauge site, strains along the tibial length were not comparable between age-matched Sost KO and LC mice or between young and adult animals within the same genotype.
Self-gravitating Higgs field of scalar charge. II. Asymmetric scalar doublet
Creators: name: Ignat'ev, Yu. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The self-gravitating Higgs field of a scalar charge is studied for the case of an asymmetric scalar doublet containing, along with a canonical and a phantom component. It is shown that in the zero and first approximation of the smallness of the canonical and phantom scalar charges, the gravitational field of the scalar charge is described by the Schwarzschild-de Sitter metric with a cosmological constant determined by the stable equilibrium point - the vacuum potential of the canonical Higgs field and the zero value of the scalar potential. An equation for the perturbation of the stable value of the potential is obtained and studied, and the asymptotic behavior in the near and far zones is found. The averaging of microscopic oscillations of the scalar field is carried out and it is shown that the sign of the contribution of microscopic oscillations to the macroscopic energy of the scalar field is completely determined by the values of the fundamental constants of the Higgs potential of the asymmetric scalar doublet. Particular attention is paid to the case when the contribution of oscillations to the macroscopic energy and pressure densities is strictly equal to zero. Possible applications of the obtained solutions are discussed.
 Keywords: scalarly charged black hole, asymmetric scalar doublet, scalar Higgs field, asymptotic behavior, macroscopic characteristics, doublet orientation.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, 7 references
Lamb shift in muonic helium ion
Creators: name: Martynenko, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lamb shift (2P_{1/2}-2S_{1/2}) in the muonic helium ion (mu ^4_2He)^+ is calculated with the account of contributions of orders alpha^3, alpha^4, alpha^5 and alpha^6. Special attention is given to corrections of the electron vacuum polarization, the nuclear structure and recoil effects. The obtained numerical value of the Lamb shift 1379.028 meV can be considered as a reliable estimate for the comparison with experimental data.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
Do Gamma-Ray Bursts Come from the Oort Cloud?
Creators: name: Clarke, T. E.
name: Blaes, O.
name: Tremaine, adn S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the possibility that gamma-ray bursts arise from sources in the Oort comet cloud, basing most of our arguments on accepted models for the formation and spatial distribution of the cloud. We identify three severe problems with such models: (1) There is no known mechanism for producing bursts that can explain the observed burst rate and energetics without violating other observational constraints. (2) The bright source counts cannot be reconciled with standard models for the phase-space distribution of objects in the Oort cloud. (3) The observed isotropy of the available burst data is inconsistent with the expected angular distribution of sources in the Oort cloud. We therefore assert that Oort cloud models of gamma-ray bursts are extremely implausible.
description: 12 pages, uuencoded compressed postscript file, CITA-93-275
Autorganizzazione comunitaria e produzione
Creators: name: Caridi, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Scienze del Territorio
Year: 2019

description: This paper intends to explore the issue of the evident increase of experiences that aim to give centrality to processes of community self-organisation. A possible way to reflect on this trend can be sought in the strong and growing attention given to the theme of commons. The author argues that community self-organisation represents the reference point and the starting instrument for the production and reproduction of commons. The paper takes two main aspects into consideration. The first one highlights how the need for a rethinking of the dominant conception of associated living can only pass through a strengthening of the non-institutional sphere and of its instituting dynamics. Such a perspective expands the scope of the discussion with regards to processes of self-organisation as to the potentiality and the role of commons. The second one considers five specific design options which prove useful for identifying the causal links between community self-organisation and production of commons. These options can be traced back to the forms: i) of collaboration between citizens and administrations; ii) of the reconversion connected to the patrimonial contrast to organised crime; iii) of the pluralisation connected to reception and emergency; iv) of the regeneration connected to reuse and sharing of open spaces and of architectural artefacts; v) of the disputes related to squatting for housing purposes and those related to the cultural and art scene.
description: Scienze del Territorio, Vol 7 (2019): Territori fragili. Comunità, patrimonio, progetto
LHC signals of T-odd heavy quarks in the Littlest Higgs model
Creators: name: Choudhury, Debajyoti
name: Ghosh, Dilip Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently proposed Little Higgs models present a viable solution to the naturalness problem of the Standard Model. An additional discrete symmetry, called T-parity, has been included in the simplest Little Higgs models to evade the constraints arising from electroweak precision data. The Littlest Higgs model with T-parity (LHT) not only predicts a set of new fermions in addition to the heavy gauge bosons of the original Little Higgs model, but also provides a new candidate for dark matter. In this paper, we study two particularly interesting signatures of T-odd fermion pair production at the LHC, namely, (a) jj + l^+ l^- + missing E_T and (b) jj + b \bar b + l^\pm + missing E_T. Using a parton level Monte Carlo event generator, we evaluate both the signal as well as the standard model background profile for a selected set of model parameters thereby developing a good discriminator. Finally, we scan the parameter space and delineate the possible discovery region in the same.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures
Identifying and decoupling many-body interactions in spin ensembles in diamond
Creators: name: Farfurnik, D.
name: Horowicz, Y.
name: Bar-Gill, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate the dynamics of varying density quasi-two-dimensional spin ensembles in solid-state systems, focusing on the nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond. We consider the effects of various control sequences on the averaged dynamics of large ensembles of spins, under a realistic "spin-bath" environment. We reveal that spin locking is efficient for decoupling spins initialized along the driving axis, both from coherent dipolar interactions and from the external spin-bath environment, when the driving is two orders of magnitude stronger than the relevant coupling energies. Since the application of standard pulsed dynamical decoupling sequences leads to strong decoupling from the environment, while other specialized pulse sequences can decouple coherent dipolar interactions, such sequences can be used to identify the dominant interaction type. Moreover, a proper combination of pulsed decoupling sequences could lead to the suppression of both interaction types, allowing additional spin manipulations. Finally, we consider the effect of finite-width pulses on these control protocols and identify improved decoupling efficiency with increased pulse duration, resulting from the interplay of dephasing and coherent dynamics.
Supplementary Data S5 from Sost deficiency leads to reduced mechanical strains at the tibia midshaft in strain-matched in vivo loading experiments in mice
Creators: name: Albiol, Laia
name: Cilla, Myriam
name: Pflanz, David
name: Kramer, Ina
name: Kneissel, Michaela
name: Duda, Georg N.
name: Willie, Bettina M.
name: Checa, Sara
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Sclerostin, a product of the Sost gene, is a Wnt-inhibitor and thus negatively regulates bone accrual. Canonical Wnt/β-catenin signalling is also known to be activated in mechanotransduction. Sclerostin neutralizing antibodies are being tested in ongoing clinical trials to target osteoporosis and osteogenesis imperfecta but their interaction with mechanical stimuli on bone formation remains unclear. Sost knockout (KO) mice were examined to gain insight on how long-term Sost deficiency alters the local mechanical environment within the bone. This knowledge is crucial since the strain environment regulates bone adaptation. We characterized the bone geometry at the tibial midshaft of young and adult Sost KO and age-matched littermate control (LC) mice using microcomputed tomography imaging. The cortical area and the minimal and maximal moment of inertia were higher in Sost KO than in LC mice, whereas no difference was detected in either the anterior–posterior or medio-lateral bone curvature. Differences observed between age-matched genotypes were greater in adult mice. We analysed the local mechanical environment in the bone using finite-element models (FEMs), which showed that strains in the tibiae of Sost KO mice are lower than in age-matched LC mice at the diaphyseal midshaft, a region commonly used to assess cortical bone formation and resorption. Our FEMs also suggested that tissue mineral density is only a minor contributor to the strain distribution in tibial cortical bone from Sost KO mice compared to bone geometry. Furthermore, they indicated that although strain gauging experiments matched strains at the gauge site, strains along the tibial length were not comparable between age-matched Sost KO and LC mice or between young and adult animals within the same genotype.
On the Limitations of Neutrino Emissivity Formula of Iwamoto
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sanjay K.
name: Phatak, S. C.
name: Sahu, Pradip K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutrino emissivity from two and three flavour quark matter is numerically calculated and compared with Iwamoto's formula. We find that the calculated emissivity is smaller than Iwamoto's result by orders of magnitude when $p_{f}(u)+p_{f}(e)-p_{f}(d(s))$ is comparable with the temperature. We attribute it to the severe restriction imposed by momentum conservation on the phase space integral. We obtain an alternate formula for the neutrino emissivity which is valid when the quarks and electrons are degenerate and $p_{f}(u)~+~p_{f}(e)~-~p_{f}(d(s))$ is large compared to the temperature.
description: Latex Version 2.09, 15 pages, 5 postscript figures available upon request, preprint No. IP/BBSR/93-60
Accretion disks and relativistic line broadening in boson star spacetimes
Creators: name: Rosa, João Luís
name: Pelle, Joaquín
name: Pérez, Daniela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we analyze the observational properties of static, spherically symmetric boson stars with fourth and sixth-order self-interactions, using the Julia-based general-relativistic radiative transfer code Skylight. We assume the boson stars are surrounded by an optically thick, geometrically thin accretion disk. We use the Novikov-Thorne model to compute the energy flux, introducing a physically based accretion model around these boson star configurations. Additionally, we calculate the relativistic broadening of emission lines, incorporating a lamppost corona model with full relativistic effects for the first time around a boson star. Our results show distinct observational features between quartic-potential boson stars and Schwarzschild black holes, owing to the presence of stable circular orbits at all radii around the former. On the other hand, compact solitonic boson stars, which possess an innermost stable circular orbit, have observational features closely similar to black holes. This similarity emphasizes their potential as black-hole mimickers. However, the compact boson stars, lacking an event horizon, have complex light-ring structures that produce potentially observable differences from black holes with future generations of experiments.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Probing 6D Operators at Future $e^-e^+$ Colliders
Creators: name: Chiu, Wen Han
name: Leung, Sze Ching
name: Liu, Tao
name: Lyu, Kun-Feng
name: Wang, Lian-Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the sensitivities at future $e^-e^+$ colliders to probe a set of six-dimensional operators which can modify the SM predictions on Higgs physics and electroweak precision measurements. We consider the case in which the operators are turned on simultaneously. Such an analysis yields a "conservative" interpretation on the collider sensitivities, complementary to the "optimistic" scenario where the operators are individually probed. After a detail analysis at CEPC in both "conservative" and "optimistic" scenarios, we also considered the sensitivities for FCC-ee and ILC. As an illustration of the potential of constraining new physics models, we applied sensitivity analysis to two benchmarks: holographic composite Higgs model and littlest Higgs model.
Terra e Cibo, per costruire una comunità resiliente
Creators: name: Biolghini, Davide
Publisher: name: Scienze del Territorio
Year: 2019

description: The paper describes a research-action experience promoted, by a Research centre belonging to Lombard Solidarity economy network, in two towns of Abbiatense, an agricultural area nearby Milan, to the purpose of testing the chances of building a new ‘social formation’ beginning with the definition of a collective goal, i.e. the defence of land/food as a common good. The project aimed on one hand at rebuilding sustainable agro-food supply chains in a context dominated by two agro-industrial crops, i.e. rice and corn for animal feed, on the other at implementing a hatchery for networked social enterprises connected to such newly built chains; taking, as the main (but not the sole) referents/users of the process, actors belonging to ‘needy’ social sectors, like migrants, returning families or the ‘new poor’. The first results show that, when the pivot actors – like innovating farmers, responsible citizens-consumers and ‘sensitive’ local governments – do not implement a transformation strategy working at the social and cultural level besides the economic one, single practices, even though pioneering, risk to fail in triggering processes pointed at freeing local economy from the dominant market’s ‘long chains’, or at a genuine reconstruction of territorial communities. In this view, the chance of implementing a ‘solidarity interchange system’, borrowed from a model by Euclides Mance, is proposed as a solution.
description: Scienze del Territorio, Vol 7 (2019): Territori fragili. Comunità, patrimonio, progetto
Spin Analysis of Supersymmetric Particles
Creators: name: Choi, S. Y.
name: Hagiwara, K.
name: Martyn, H. -U.
name: Mawatari, K.
name: Zerwas, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin of supersymmetric particles can be determined at $e^+e^-$ colliders unambiguously. This is demonstrated for a characteristic set of non-colored supersymmetric particles -- smuons, selectrons, and charginos/neutralinos. The analysis is based on the threshold behavior of the excitation curves for pair production in $e^+e^-$ collisions, the angular distribution in the production process and decay angular distributions. In the first step we present the observables in the helicity formalism for the supersymmetric particles. Subsequently we confront the results with corresponding analyses of Kaluza-Klein particles in theories of universal extra space dimensions which behave distinctly different from supersymmetric theories. It is shown in the third step that a set of observables can be designed which signal the spin of supersymmetric particles unambiguously without any model assumptions. Finally in the fourth step it is demonstrated that the determination of the spin of supersymmetric particles can be performed experimentally in practice at an $e^+e^-$ collider.
description: 39 pages, 14 figures
Doronicum pardalianches Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Asteraceae
Doronicum
Doronicum pardalianches

description: Doronicum pardalianches Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 885. 1753.
"Habitat in Alpibus Helvetiae, Pannoniae, Vallesiae." RCN: 6406.
 Lectotype (Llamas & al. in Jarvis & Turland in Taxon 47: 360. 1998): Herb. Clifford: 411, Doronicum 1 (BM-000647132).
 Generitype of Doronicum Linnaeus (vide Green, Prop. Brit. Bot.: 182. 1929).
 Current name:  Doronicum pardalianches  L. (Asteraceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part D), pp. 474-489 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 485, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Isolated Lepton Events at HERA: SUSY R-Parity Violation?
Creators: name: Choi, S. Y.
name: Kalinowski, J.
name: Martyn, H. -U.
name: Rückl, R.
name: Spiesberger, H.
name: Zerwas, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Events with an isolated high $p_T$ lepton, a hadron jet and missing energy as observed in the H1 experiment at HERA, are potentially associated with R-parity violation in supersymmetric theories. However, stringent kinematic constraints must be fulfilled if the production of supersymmetric particles in R-parity violating scenarios were the correct path for explaining these puzzling events. A reference point \RF is specified for which these constraints are illustrated and implications of the supersymmetric interpretation for new classes of multi-lepton events are indicated.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure, url.sty used, Note added on Higgs sector
A network model for clonal differentiation and immune memory
Creators: name: de Castro, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A model of bit-strings, that uses the technique of multi-spin coding, was previously used to study the time evolution of B-cell clone repertoire, in a paper by Lagreca, Almeida and Santos. In this work we extend that simplified model to include independently the role of the populations of antibodies, in the control of the immune response, producing mechanisms of differentiation and regulation in a more complete way. Although the antibodies have the same molecular shape of the B-cells receptors (BCR), they should present a different time evolution and thus should be treated separately. We have also studied a possible model for the network immune memory, suggesting a random memory regeneration, which is self-perpetuating.
description: 19 pages