cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Factor augmented inverse regression and its application to microbiome data analysis
Creators: name: Pang, Daolin
name: Zhao, Hongyu
name: Wang, Tao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: We investigate the relationship between count data that inform the relative abundance of features of a composition, and factors that influence the composition. Our work is motivated from microbiome studies aiming to extract microbial signatures that are predictive of host phenotypes based on data collected from a group of individuals harboring radically different microbial communities. We introduce multinomial Factor Augmented Inverse Regression (FAIR) of the count vector onto response factors as a general framework for obtaining low-dimensional summaries of the count vector that preserve information relevant to the response. By augmenting known response factors with random latent factors, FAIR extends multinomial logistic regression to account for overdispersion and general correlations among counts. The projections of the count vector onto the loading vectors represent additional contribution, in addition to the projections that result from response factors. The method of maximum variational likelihood and a fast variational expectation-maximization algorithm are proposed for approximate inference based on variational approximation, and the asymptotic properties of the resulting estimator are derived. Moreover, a hybrid information criterion and a group-lasso penalized criterion are proposed for model selection. The effectiveness of FAIR is illustrated through simulations and application to a microbiome data set.
Change Management and Version Control of Scientific Applications
Creators: name: Koteska, Bojana
name: Misev, Anastas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The development process of scientific applications is largely dependent on scientific progress and the experimental research results. Thus, dealing with frequent changes is one of the main problems faced by the developers of scientific software. Taking into account the results of the survey conducted among scientists in the HP-SEE project, the implementation of change management and version control software processes is inevitable. In this paper, we propose software engineering principles that should be included in the development process to improve the version control and change management. Moreover, we give some specific recommendations for their implementation, thereby making a slight modification of already generally accepted templates and methods. The development steps practiced by scientists should not be replaced completely, but they need to be supplemented with appropriate practices, documents and formal methods. We also emphasize the reasons for the inclusion of these two processes and the consequences that may arise as a result of their non-application.
Trissolcus Ashmead 1893
Creators: name: Awad, Jessica
name: Zimmermann, Dominique
name: Talamas, Elijah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Scelionidae
Trissolcus

description: Genus Trissolcus Ashmead, 1893
Trissolcus Ashmead, 1893: 138, 161. Type species Telenomus brochymenae Ashmead, 1887 by original designation. Asolcus Nakagawa, 1900: 17. Type species Asolcus nigripedius Nakagawa, 1900 by monotypy. Aphanurus Kieffer, 1912: 10, 69. Type species Teleas semistriatus Nees, 1834 by original designation.
Preoccupied by Aphanurus Looss, 1907. Immsia Cameron, 1912: 104. Type species Immsia carinifrons Cameron, 1912 by monotypy. Microphanurus Kieffer, 1926: 16, 91. Replacement name for Aphanurus Kieffer, 1912.
Immsia – Nixon 1938: 123.
Microphanurus – Watanabe 1951: 21, 25.
Asolcus – Masner 1964: 145.
description: Published as part of Awad, Jessica, Zimmermann, Dominique & Talamas, Elijah, 2024, A photographic type catalogue of Platygastroidea (Insecta, Hymenoptera) in the Natural History Museum Vienna, pp. 1-58 in European Journal of Taxonomy 938 on page 39, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.938.2565, http://zenodo.org/record/12106502
Unbound Star-forming Molecular Clouds
Creators: name: Ward, Rachel L.
name: Wadsley, James
name: Sills, Alison
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore whether observed molecular clouds could include a substantial population of unbound clouds. Using simulations which include only turbulence and gravity, we are able to match observed relations and naturally reproduce the observed scatter in the cloud size-linewidth coefficient, at fixed surface density. We identify the source of this scatter as a spread in the intrinsic virial parameter. Thus these observational trends do not require that clouds exist in a state of dynamical equilibrium. We demonstrate that cloud virial parameters can be accurately determined observationally with an appropriate size estimator. All our simulated clouds eventually form collapsing cores, regardless of whether the cloud is bound overall. This supports the idea that molecular clouds do not have to be bound to form stars or to have observed properties like those of nearby low-mass clouds.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication by MNRAS
Additional results and discussion. from A free boundary mechanobiological model of epithelial tissues
Creators: name: Tambyah, Tamara A.
name: Murphy, Ryan J.
name: Buenzli, Pascal R.
name: Simpson, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 10299 Applied Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 10399 Numerical and Computational Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In this study, we couple intracellular signalling and cell-based mechanical properties to develop a novel free boundary mechanobiological model of epithelial tissue dynamics. Mechanobiological coupling is introduced at the cell level in a discrete modelling framework, and new reaction–diffusion equations are derived to describe tissue-level outcomes. The free boundary evolves as a result of the underlying biological mechanisms included in the discrete model. To demonstrate the accuracy of the continuum model, we compare numerical solutions of the discrete and continuum models for two different signalling pathways. First, we study the Rac–Rho pathway where cell- and tissue-level mechanics are directly related to intracellular signalling. Second, we study an activator–inhibitor system which gives rise to spatial and temporal patterning related to Turing patterns. In all cases, the continuum model and free boundary condition accurately reflect the cell-level processes included in the discrete model.
Statistical dynamics of continuous systems: perturbative and approximative approaches
Creators: name: Finkelshtein, Dmitri
name: Kondratiev, Yuri
name: Kutoviy, Oleksandr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 46E30, 82C21, 47D06

description: We discuss general concept of Markov statistical dynamics in the continuum. For a class of spatial birth-and-death models, we develop a perturbative technique for the construction of statistical dynamics. Particular examples of such systems are considered. For the case of Glauber type dynamics in the continuum we describe a Markov chain approximation approach that gives more detailed information about statistical evolution in this model.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1109.5094, arXiv:0910.4241, arXiv:1107.3487
Emission from the Galaxy NGC 1275 at High and Very High Energies and its Origin
Creators: name: Sinitsyna, V. G.
name: Sinitsyna, V. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Seyfert galaxy NGC 1275 is the central, dominant galaxy in the Perseus cluster of galaxies. NGC1275 is known as a powerful source of radio and X-ray emission. The well-known extragalactic object NGC 1275 has been observed by the SHALON high-altitude mirror Cherenkov telescopes within the framework of long-term studies of metagalactic gamma-ray sources. In 1996, the SHALON observations revealed a new metagalactic source of very high energy gamma-ray emission coincident in its coordinates with the galaxy NGC 1275. Having analyzed the SHALON data, we have determined such characteristics of NGC 1275 as the spectral energy distributions and images at energies >800 GeV for the first time. The results obtained at high and very high energies are needed for understanding the emission generation processes in an entire wide energy range.
description: Published in Astronomy Letters, 2014, Volume 40, Issue 2-3, pp.75-85 Original Russian Text: V.G. Sinitsyna, V.Yu. Sinitsyna, 2014, published in Pis'ma v Astronomicheskii Zhurnal, 2014, Vol. 40, Nos. 2-3, pp. 93-105
Distributed multi-agent magnetic field norm SLAM with Gaussian processes
Creators: name: Viset, Frida
name: Helmons, Rudy
name: Kok, Manon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurately estimating the positions of multi-agent systems in indoor environments is challenging due to the lack of Global Navigation Satelite System (GNSS) signals. Noisy measurements of position and orientation can cause the integrated position estimate to drift without bound. Previous research has proposed using magnetic field simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) to compensate for position drift in a single agent. Here, we propose two novel algorithms that allow multiple agents to apply magnetic field SLAM using their own and other agents measurements. Our first algorithm is a centralized approach that uses all measurements collected by all agents in a single extended Kalman filter. This algorithm simultaneously estimates the agents position and orientation and the magnetic field norm in a central unit that can communicate with all agents at all times. In cases where a central unit is not available, and there are communication drop-outs between agents, our second algorithm is a distributed approach that can be employed. We tested both algorithms by estimating the position of magnetometers carried by three people in an optical motion capture lab with simulated odometry and simulated communication dropouts between agents. We show that both algorithms are able to compensate for drift in a case where single-agent SLAM is not. We also discuss the conditions for the estimate from our distributed algorithm to converge to the estimate from the centralized algorithm, both theoretically and experimentally. Our experiments show that, for a communication drop-out rate of 80 percent, our proposed distributed algorithm, on average, provides a more accurate position estimate than single-agent SLAM. Finally, we demonstrate the drift-compensating abilities of our centralized algorithm on a real-life pedestrian localization problem with multiple agents moving inside a building.
An analysis of source motions derived from position time series
Creators: name: Malkin, Z.
name: Popova, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper an attempt is made to extract a systematic part from the source motions obtained from the position time series provided by several IVS Analysis Centers in the framework of the ICRF-2 project. Our preliminary results show that the radio source velocities and the parameters of the systematic part of the velocity field differ substantially between the source position time series, which does not allow us to get a reliable solution for the coefficients of spherical harmonics.
description: Presented at Journees 2008: Astrometry, Geodynamics and Astronomical Reference Systems, Dresden, Germany, 22-24 Sep 2008
Decomposition and Stability of Multiparameter Persistence Modules
Creators: name: Xin, Cheng
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460501
subject: Data engineering and data science
classificationCode: 461199
subject: Machine learning not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460299
subject: Artificial intelligence not elsewhere classified

description: The only datasets used in my thesis work are from TUDatasets, TUDataset | TUD Benchmark datasets (chrsmrrs.github.io), a collection of public benchmark datasets for graph classification and regression.
Non-renormalizability of the classical statistical approximation
Creators: name: Epelbaum, Thomas
name: Gelis, Francois
name: Wu, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we discuss questions related to the renormalizability of the classical statistical approximation, an approximation scheme that has been used recently in several studies of out-of-equilibrium problems in Quantum Field Theory. Although the ultraviolet power counting in this approximation scheme is identical to that of the unapproximated quantum field theory, this approximation is not renormalizable. The leading cause of this non-renormalizability is the breakdown of Weinberg's theorem in this approximation. We also discuss some practical implications of this negative result for simulations that employ this approximation scheme, and we speculate about a possible modification of the classical statistical approximation in order to systematically subtract the leading residual divergences.
description: 31 pages, 29 figures
Supplementary File_Physiological Genomics
Creators: name: Ahmad, Sharmila
name: Drag, Markus Hodal
name: Salleh, Suraya Mohamad
name: Cai, Zexi
name: Nielsen, Mette Olaf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Animal nutrition

description: Supplementary Figure and Tables for WGCNA manuscript
PlayTest: A Gamified Test Generator for Games
Creators: name: Feldmeier, Patric
name: Straubinger, Philipp
name: Fraser, Gordon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Games are usually created incrementally, requiring repeated testing of the same scenarios, which is a tedious and error-prone task for game developers. Therefore, we aim to alleviate this game testing process by encapsulating it into a game called Playtest, which transforms the tiring testing process into a competitive game with a purpose. Playtest automates the generation of valuable test cases based on player actions, without the players even realising it. We envision the use of Playtest to crowdsource the task of testing games by giving players access to the respective games through our tool in the playtesting phases during the development process.
description: 4 pages with 4 figures, to be published in Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Gamification in Software Development, Verification, and Validation 2023
An Analysis of Finite Element Approximation in Electrical Impedance Tomography
Creators: name: Gehre, Matthias
name: Jin, Bangti
name: Lu, Xiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a finite element analysis of electrical impedance tomography for reconstructing the conductivity distribution from electrode voltage measurements by means of Tikhonov regularization. Two popular choices of the penalty term, i.e., $H^1(Ω)$-norm smoothness penalty and total variation seminorm penalty, are considered. A piecewise linear finite element method is employed for discretizing the forward model, i.e., the complete electrode model, the conductivity, and the penalty functional. The convergence of the finite element approximations for the Tikhonov model on both polyhedral and smooth curved domains is established. This provides rigorous justifications for the ad hoc discretization procedures in the literature.
description: 20 pages
Supplementary File_Physiological Genomics
Creators: name: Ahmad, Sharmila
name: Drag, Markus Hodal
name: Salleh, Suraya Mohamad
name: Cai, Zexi
name: Nielsen, Mette Olaf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Animal nutrition

description: Supplementary Figure and Tables for WGCNA manuscript
Triple Intersection Formulas for Isotropic Grassmannians
Creators: name: Ravikumar, Vijay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 14N15, Secondary 19E08, 14M15

description: Let $X$ be an isotropic Grassmannian of type $B$, $C$, or $D$. In this paper we calculate $K$-theoretic Pieri-type triple intersection numbers for $X$: that is, the sheaf Euler characteristic of the triple intersection of two arbitrary Schubert varieties and a special Schubert variety in general position. We do this by determining explicit equations for the projected Richardson variety corresponding to the two arbitrary Schubert varieties, and show that it is a complete intersection in projective space. The $K$-theoretic Pieri coefficients are alternating sums of these triple intersection numbers, and we hope they will lead to positive Pieri formulas for isotropic Grassmannians.
description: 36 pages
New constraints on the formation and settling of dust in the atmospheres of young M and L dwarfs
Creators: name: Manjavacas, E.
name: Bonnefoy, M.
name: Schlieder, J. E.
name: Allard, F.
name: Rojo, P.
name: Goldman, B.
name: Chauvin, G.
name: Homeier, D.
name: Lodieu, N.
name: Henning, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtained medium-resolution near-infrared spectra of seven young M9.5-L3 dwarfs classified in the optical. We aim to confirm the low surface gravity of the objects in the NIR. We also test whether atmospheric models correctly represent the formation and the settling of dust clouds in the atmosphere of young late-M and L dwarfs. We used ISAAC at VLT to obtain the spectra of the targets. We compared them to those of mature and young BD, and young late-type companions to nearby stars with known ages, in order to identify and study gravity-sensitive features. We computed spectral indices weakly sensitive to the surface gravity to derive near-infrared spectral types. Finally, we found the best fit between each spectrum and synthetic spectra from the BT-Settl 2010 and 2013 models. Using the best fit, we derived the atmospheric parameters of the objects and identify which spectral characteristics the models do not reproduce. We confirmed that our objects are young BD and we found NIR spectral types in agreement with the ones determined at optical wavelengths. The spectrum of the L2-gamma dwarf 2MASSJ2322-6151 reproduces well the spectrum of the planetary mass companion 1RXS J1609-2105b. BT-Settl models fit the spectra and the 1-5 $μ$m SED of the L0-L3 dwarfs for temperatures between 1600-2000 K. But the models fail to reproduce the shape of the H band, and the NIR slope of some of our targets. This fact, and the best fit solutions found with super-solar metallicity are indicative of a lack of dust, in particular at high altitude, in the cloud models. The modeling of the vertical mixing and of the grain growth will be revised in the next version of the BT-Settl models. These revisions may suppress the remaining non-reproducibilities.
description: Accepted in A&A, February 6, 2014
GaitFormer: Learning Gait Representations with Noisy Multi-Task Learning
Creators: name: Cosma, Adrian
name: Radoi, Emilian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Gait analysis is proven to be a reliable way to perform person identification without relying on subject cooperation. Walking is a biometric that does not significantly change in short periods of time and can be regarded as unique to each person. So far, the study of gait analysis focused mostly on identification and demographics estimation, without considering many of the pedestrian attributes that appearance-based methods rely on. In this work, alongside gait-based person identification, we explore pedestrian attribute identification solely from movement patterns. We propose DenseGait, the largest dataset for pretraining gait analysis systems containing 217K anonymized tracklets, annotated automatically with 42 appearance attributes. DenseGait is constructed by automatically processing video streams and offers the full array of gait covariates present in the real world. We make the dataset available to the research community. Additionally, we propose GaitFormer, a transformer-based model that after pretraining in a multi-task fashion on DenseGait, achieves 92.5% accuracy on CASIA-B and 85.33% on FVG, without utilizing any manually annotated data. This corresponds to a +14.2% and +9.67% accuracy increase compared to similar methods. Moreover, GaitFormer is able to accurately identify gender information and a multitude of appearance attributes utilizing only movement patterns. The code to reproduce the experiments is made publicly.
description: Published in Sensors 2022, Image and Video Processing and Recognition Based on Artificial Intelligence
Thermodynamics in rotating systems -- analysis of selected examples
Creators: name: Güémez, Julio
name: Fiolhais, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve a set of selected exercises on rotational motion requiring a mechanical and thermodynamical analysis. When non-conservative forces or thermal effects are present, a complete study must use the first law of thermodynamics together with the Newton's second law. The latter is here better expressed in terms of an `angular' impulse-momentum equation (Poinsot-Euler equation), or, equivalently, in terms of a `rotational' pseudo-work-energy equation. Thermodynamical aspects in rotational systems, when e.g. frictional forces are present or when there is a variation of the rotational kinetic energy due to internal sources of energy, are discussed.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Wax‐Based Oleogels—Properties in Medium Chain Triglycerides and Canola Oil
Creators: name: Wettlaufer, Till
name: Brykczynski, Henriette
name: Flöter, Eckhard
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 660 Chemische Verfahrenstechnik
subject: canola
subject: MCT oil
subject: minor components
subject: oleogels
subject: waxes

description: The non‐triglyceride structuring of liquid oils, so‐called oleogelation, enables new and more beneficial product designs. Natural waxes have proven to be excellent oleogelators due to their wide availability and low inclusion levels. However, waxes vary greatly in their compositions and contain different proportions of major components: wax esters (WE), fatty acids (FA), fatty alcohols (FaOH), and hydrocarbons (HC). In this study six waxes (bees (BW)‐, sunflower (SFW)‐, ricebran(RBW), carnauba (CRW)‐, candelilla (CLW)‐, and sugarcane wax(SCW)) are selected to develop a pairwise assessment regarding the major components. Commercial canola oil, rich in minor and polar components, and medium‐chain triglycerides (MCT), as a “clean” saturated solvent, are used to elucidate the effect of solvent type on the gel forming behavior of 10% w/w oleogels. The gels are analyzed rheologically, penetronomically, microscopycally, and by calorimetry. It can be shown that the solubility and presence of polar minor components are crucial factors in oleogelation. Practical applications: Useful areas of application can be found in products with high proportions of saturated and trans fatty acids, a high potential of substitution, and can for instance include bakery‐, meat‐, culinary‐ and confectionary products.
Perspectives for improving circular economy in brackish shrimp aquaculture
Creators: name: Carvalho Pereira, Joana
name: Lemoine, Anja
name: Neubauer, Peter
name: Junne, Stefan
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
subject: anaerobic digestion
subject: brackish water aquaculture
subject: circular economy
subject: fishmeal
subject: polyunsaturated fatty acids

description: Shrimp farming in South‐East Asian and Latin American coastal regions generates economic benefits for the producer countries and contributes to a healthy nutrition of consumers. However, shrimp farming uses great amounts of fish meal and fish oil in the feed for the provision of essential proteins and polyunsaturated fatty acids during growth. This practice contributes to the environmental burden of the production process, as it is estimated that 25% of the total wild capture fish is used to produce these compounds. Also, intensive brackish water farming in coastal regions promotes the shrinkage of mangrove forests and the contamination of surrounding soil and water resources, causing further environmental degradation. In this work, several concepts for wastewater and sludge treatment in brackish water aquaculture are reviewed, and a novel concept that combines aquaculture with the production of macroalgae and microalgae is proposed to achieve a circular system. Macroalgae can assimilate nitrogen and phosphorus in the wastewater stream, which enables the recirculation of the salty water. Solid residues are converted via anaerobic digestion into several short‐chain carboxylic acids and methane. While methane can be used for electric energy and heat provision, the acids can be consumed by heterotrophic microalgae. Both macroalgae and microalgae can be applied as feed additives in shrimp aquaculture, providing proteins and polyunsaturated fatty acid sources. This integrated concept can enable the production of shrimp without the addition of fish meal and oil, enhance nutrient recycling in brackish aquaculture, and minimize the contamination of coastal land and water.
Cast for mouse unilateral hind limb
Creators: name: Fry, Christopher
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cast for mouse unilateral hind limb

description: CAD (computer-aided design) files for the creation and 3D printing of a cast for a mouse model of unilateral hind limn immobilization. Files provided include: mouse cast.FCStd: FreeCAD raw file used to make the cast mouse cast-Fusion.oca: OpenCAD file format Cast.pdf: 3D rendering of cast
ALD-coated mesoporous iridium-titanium mixed oxides: Maximizing iridium utilization for an outstanding OER performance
Creators: name: Frisch, Marvin
name: Raza, Muhammad Hamid
name: Ye, Meng-Yang
name: Sachse, René
name: Paul, Benjamin
name: Gunder, René
name: Pinna, Nicola
name: Kraehnert, Ralph
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: acidic oxygen evolution reaction
subject: atomic layer deposition
subject: electrocatalysis
subject: iridium oxide
subject: soft-templated mesoporous films

description: With the increasing production of renewable energy and concomitant depletion of fossil resources, the demand for efficient water splitting electrocatalysts continues to grow. Iridium (Ir) and iridium oxides (IrOx) are currently the most promising candidates for an efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in acidic medium, which remains the bottleneck in water electrolysis. Yet, the extremely high costs for Ir hamper a widespread production of hydrogen (H2) on an industrial scale. Herein, the authors report a concept for the synthesis of electrode coatings with template-controlled mesoporosity surface-modified with highly active Ir species. The improved utilization of noble metal species relies on the synthesis of soft-templated metal oxide supports and a subsequent shape-conformal deposition of Ir species via atomic layer deposition (ALD) at two different reaction temperatures. The study reveals that a minimum Ir content in the mesoporous titania-based support is mandatory to provide a sufficient electrical bulk conductivity. After ALD, a significantly enhanced OER activity results in dependency of the ALD cycle number and temperature. The most active developed electrocatalyst film achieves an outstanding mass-specific activity of 2622 mA mgIr–1 at 1.60 VRHE in a rotating-disc electrode (RDE) setup at 25 °C using 0.5 m H2SO4 as a supporting electrolyte.
High redshift supermassive blackholes: accretion through cold flows
Creators: name: Feng, Yu
name: Di Matteo, Tiziana
name: Croft, Rupert
name: Khandai, Nishikanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use zoom-in techniques to re-simulate three high-redshift (z > 5.5) halos which host 10^9 solar mass blackholes from the ~ Gpc volume, MassiveBlack cosmological hydrodynamic simulation. We examine a number of factors potentially affecting supermassive blackhole growth at high redshift in cosmological simulations. These include numerical resolution, feedback prescriptions and formulation of smoothed particle hydrodynamics. We find that varying the size of the region over which feedback energy is deposited directly, either for fixed number of neighbours or fixed volume makes very little difference to the accretion history of blackholes. Changing mass resolution by factors of up to 64 also does not change the blackhole growth history significantly. We find that switching from the density-entropy formulation to the pressure-entropy formulation of smoothed particle hydrodynamics slightly increases the accretion rate onto blackholes. In general numerical details appear to have small effects on the main fueling mechanism for blackholes at these high redshifts. We examine the fashion by which this occurs, finding that the insensitivity to simulation technique seems to be a hallmark of the cold flow feeding picture of these high-z supermassive blackholes. We show that the gas that participates in critical accretion phases, in these massive objects at z > 6~7 is in all cases colder, denser, and forms more coherent streams than the average gas in the halo. This is also mostly the case when the blackhole accretion is feedback regulated (z < 6), however the distinction is less prominent. For our resimulated halos, cold flows appear to be a viable mechanism for forming the most massive blackholes in the early universe, occurring naturally in LambdaCDM models of structure formation. Not requiring fine tuning of numerical parameters, they seem to be physically inevitable in these objects.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
Phytoplankton exudates provide full nutrition to a subset of accompanying heterotrophic bacteria via carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus allocation
Creators: name: Eigemann, Falk
name: Rahav, Eyal
name: Grossart, Hans‐Peter
name: Aharonovich, Dikla
name: Sher, Daniel
name: Vogts, Angela
name: Voss, Maren
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
subject: phytoplankton
subject: nutrition
subject: heterotrophic bacteria
subject: marine bacteria
subject: DOCp

description: Marine bacteria rely on phytoplankton exudates as carbon sources (DOCp). Yet, it is unclear to what extent phytoplankton exudates also provide nutrients such as phytoplankton‐derived N and P (DONp, DOPp). We address these questions by mesocosm exudate addition experiments with spent media from the ubiquitous pico‐cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus to bacterial communities in contrasting ecosystems in the Eastern Mediterranean – a coastal and an open‐ocean, oligotrophic station with and without on‐top additions of inorganic nutrients. Inorganic nutrient addition did not lower the incorporation of exudate DONp, nor did it reduce alkaline phosphatase activity, suggesting that bacterial communities are able to exclusively cover their nitrogen and phosphorus demands with organic forms provided by phytoplankton exudates. Approximately half of the cells in each ecosystem took up detectable amounts of Prochlorococcus‐derived C and N, yet based on 16S rRNA sequencing different bacterial genera were responsible for the observed exudate utilization patterns. In the coastal community, several phylotypes of Aureimarina, Psychrosphaera and Glaciecola responded positively to the addition of phytoplankton exudates, whereas phylotypes of Pseudoalteromonas increased and dominated the open‐ocean communities. Together, our results strongly indicate that phytoplankton exudates provide coastal and open‐ocean bacterial communities with organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, and that phytoplankton exudate serve a full‐fledged meal for the accompanying bacterial community in the nutrient‐poor eastern Mediterranean.
A comprehension on structure guided alignment dependent 3D-QSAR modelling, and molecular dynamics simulation on 2,4-thiazolidinediones as aldose reductase inhibitors for the management of diabetic complications
Creators: name: Gautam, Priyadarshi
name: Bisht, Priya
name: Gautam, Anupam
name: Gupta, Ghanshyam Das
name: Singh, Rajveer
name: Verma, Sant Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Pharmacology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: Aldose reductase is an oxo-reductase enzyme belonging to the aldo-keto reductase class. Compounds having thiazolidine-2,4-dione scaffold are reported as potential aldose reductase inhibitors for diabetic complications. The present work uses structure-guided alignment-dependent Gaussian field- and atom-based 3D-QSAR on a dataset of 84 molecules. 3D-QSAR studies on two sets of dataset alignment have been carried out to understand the favourable and unfavourable structural features influencing the affinity of these inhibitors towards the enzyme. Using common pharmacophore hypotheses, the five-point pharmacophores for aldose reductase favourable features were generated. The molecular dynamics simulations (up to 100 ns) were performed for the potent molecule from each alignment set (compounds 24 and 65) compared to reference standard tolrestat and epalrestat to study target-ligand complexes’ binding energy and stability. Compound 65 was most stable with better interactions in the aldose reductase binding pocket than tolrestat. The MM-PBSA study suggests compound 65 possessed better binding energy than reference standard tolrestat, i.e. −87.437 ± 19.728 and −73.424 ± 12.502 kJ/mol, respectively. The generated 3D-QSAR models provide information about structure–activity relationships and ligand-target binding energy. Target-specific stability data from MD simulation would be helpful for rational compound design with better aldose reductase activity. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
The Pivotal Role of s‐, p‐, and f‐Block Metals in Water Electrolysis: Status Quo and Perspectives
Creators: name: Chen, Ziliang
name: Yang, Hongyuan
name: Kang, Zhenhui
name: Driess, Matthias
name: Menezes, Prashanth W.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: catalytic mechanism
subject: precatalysts
subject: s‐, p‐, and f‐block
subject: transition metals
subject: water splitting

description: Transition metals, in particular noble metals, are the most common species in metal‐mediated water electrolysis because they serve as highly active catalytic sites. In many cases, the presence of nontransition metals, that is, s‐, p‐, and f‐block metals with high natural abundance in the earth‐crust in the catalytic material is indispensable to boost efficiency and durability in water electrolysis. This is why alkali metals, alkaline‐earth metals, rare‐earth metals, lean metals, and metalloids receive growing interest in this research area. In spite of the pivotal role of these nontransition metals in tuning efficiency of water electrolysis, there is far more room for developments toward a knowledge‐based catalyst design. In this review, five classes of nontransition metals species which are successfully utilized in water electrolysis, with special emphasis on electronic structure–catalytic activity relationships and phase stability, are discussed. Moreover, specific fundamental aspects on electrocatalysts for water electrolysis as well as a perspective on this research field are also addressed in this account. It is anticipated that this review can trigger a broader interest in using s‐, p‐, and f‐block metals species toward the discovery of advanced polymetal‐containing electrocatalysts for practical water splitting.
Orbital angular momentum light frequency conversion and interference with quasi-phase matching crystals
Creators: name: Zhou, Zhi-Yuan
name: Ding, Dong-Sheng
name: Jiang, Yun-Kun
name: Li, Yan
name: Shi, Shuai
name: Wang, Xi-Shi
name: Shi, Bao-Sen
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light with helical phase structures, carrying quantized orbital angular momentum (OAM), has many applications in both classical and quantum optics, such as high-capacity optical communications and quantum information processing. Frequency conversion is a basic technique to expand the frequency range of fundamental light. The frequency conversion of OAM-carrying light gives rise to new physics and applications such as up-conversion detection of images and high dimensional OAM entanglements. Quasi-phase matching (QPM) nonlinear crystals are good candidates for frequency conversion, particularly for their high-valued effective nonlinear coefficients and no walk-off effect. Here we report the first experimental second-harmonic generation (SHG) of OAM light with a QPM crystal, where a UV light with OAM of 100 is generated. OAM conservation is verified using a specially designed interferometer. With a pump beam carrying an OAM superposition of opposite sign, we observed interesting interference phenomena in the SHG light; specifically, a photonics gear-like structure is obtained that gives direct evidence of OAM conservation, which will be very useful for ultra-sensitive angular measurements. We also develop a theory to reveal the underlying physics of the phenomena. The methods and theoretical analysis shown here are also applicable to other frequency conversion processes, such as sum frequency generation and difference-frequency generation, and may also be generalized to the quantum regime for single photons.
description: comments are welcomed
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy as an Analytical Tool for the Prediction of the Dynamic Charge Acceptance of Lead-Acid Batteries
Creators: name: Bauknecht, Sophia
name: Kowal, Julia
name: Bozkaya, Begüm
name: Settelein, Jochen
name: Karden, Eckhard
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: dynamic charge acceptance
subject: electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
subject: equivalent circuit model
subject: lead-acid batteries
subject: Kramers–Kronig
subject: distribution of relaxation times

description: The subject of this study is test cells extracted from industrially manufactured automotive batteries. Each test cell either had a full set of plates or a reduced, negative-limited set of plates. With these test cells the predictability of the dynamic charge acceptance (DCA) by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is investigated. Thereby, the DCA was performed according to EN 50342-6:2015 standard. The micro cycling approach was used for the EIS measurements to disregard any influencing factors from previous usage. During the evaluation, Kramers-Kronig (K-K) was used to avoid systematic errors caused by violations of the stationarity, time-invariance or linearity. Furthermore, the analysis of the distribution of relaxation times (DRT) was used to identify a usable equivalent circuit model (ECM) and starting values for the parameter prediction. For all cell types and layouts, the resistance R1, the parameter indicating the size of the first/high-frequency semicircle, is smaller for cells with higher DCA. According to the literature, this semicircle represents the charge transfer reaction, thus confirming that current-enhancing additives may decrease the pore diameter of the negative electrode.
Low‐Temperature Processible Highly Conducting Pastes for Printed Electronics Applications
Creators: name: Scenev, Vitalij
name: Szalapak, Jerzy
name: Werft, Lukas
name: Hoelck, Ole
name: Jakubowska, Malgorzata
name: Von Krshiwoblozki, Malte
name: Kallmayer, Christine
name: Schneider-Ramelow, Martin
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 660 Chemische Verfahrenstechnik
subject: conductive pastes
subject: low temperature
subject: printed electronics
subject: screen-printing
subject: silver flakes

description: Scalable additive manufacturing of printed electronics is a growing field accompanied by increasing demands for reliable and integrable functional flexible printed electronic devices. Herein, a novel type of electrically conducting silver‐based pastes for additive manufacturing is demonstrated. These pastes are designed for stencil‐ and screen‐printing and can be post‐processed at very low temperatures, at ambient. Furthermore, printed lines made with the pastes exhibit an electrical sheet resistance below 60 mΩ sq−1 even after room temperature and only 25 mΩ sq−1 after two minutes of curing at 90 °C.
Electron propagation from a photo-excited surface: implications for time-resolved photoemission
Creators: name: Yang, Shuolong
name: Sobota, Jonathan A.
name: Kirchmann, Patrick S.
name: Shen, Zhi-Xun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform time- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy on p-type GaAs(110). We observe an optically excited population in the conduction band, from which the time scales of intraband relaxation and surface photovoltage decay are both extracted. Moreover, the photovoltage shift of the valence band intriguingly persists for hundreds of picoseconds at negative delays. By comparing to a recent theoretical study, we reveal that the negative-delay dynamics reflects the interaction of the photoelectrons with a photovoltage-induced electric field outside the sample surface. We develop a conceptual framework to disentangle the intrinsic electron dynamics from this long-range field effect, which sets the foundation for understanding time-resolved photoemission experiments on a broad range of materials in which poor electronic screening leads to surface photovoltage. Finally, we demonstrate how the long-lasting negative-delay dynamics in GaAs can be utilized to conveniently establish the temporal overlap of pump and probe pulses in a time-resolved photoemission setup.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Trissolcus saakowi
Creators: name: Awad, Jessica
name: Zimmermann, Dominique
name: Talamas, Elijah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Scelionidae
Trissolcus
Trissolcus saakowi

description: Trissolcus saakowi (Mayr, 1903)
Telenomus saakowi Mayr, 1903: 397–398. Type locality: Turkmenistan, Ashgabat.
Trissolcus mentha Kozlov & Lê, 1977: 1253. Type locality: Uzbekistan, Samarkand.
Trissolcus radjabii Iranipour, 2010: 66. Type locality: Iran.
Microphanurus saakowi – Kieffer 1926: 91, 95.
Trissolcus saakovi – Kozlov 1968: 198, 202 (lectotype designation, unjustified emendation). Trissolcus mentha – Talamas et al. 2017: 115.
Trissolcus radjabii – Talamas et al. 2017: 115.
Material examined
Lectotype [TURKMENISTAN] • 1 ♀; [Ashgabat]; [Jul. 1902]; [I. Vassiliev leg.]; [Apodiphus eggs]; NHMW-HYM#0006895.
Paralectotype [TURKMENISTAN] • 1 ♀; same data as for lectotype; USNMENT01059011.
Remarks
The paralectotype is double mounted, with the head on a card below the body.
description: Published as part of Awad, Jessica, Zimmermann, Dominique & Talamas, Elijah, 2024, A photographic type catalogue of Platygastroidea (Insecta, Hymenoptera) in the Natural History Museum Vienna, pp. 1-58 in European Journal of Taxonomy 938 on pages 40-41, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.938.2565, http://zenodo.org/record/12106502
Explaining the performance of multilabel classification methods with data set properties
Creators: name: Bogatinovski, Jasmin
name: Todorovski, Ljupčo
name: Džeroski, Sašo
name: Kocev, Dragi
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik
subject: hyperparameter tuning
subject: machine learning
subject: meta knowledge
subject: meta learning
subject: multilabel classification

description: Meta learning generalizes the empirical experience with different learning tasks and holds promise for providing important empirical insight into the behavior of machine learning algorithms. In this paper, we present a comprehensive meta‐learning study of data sets and methods for multilabel classification (MLC). MLC is a practically relevant machine learning task where each example is labeled with multiple labels simultaneously. Here, we analyze 40 MLC data sets by using 50 meta features describing different properties of the data. The main findings of this study are as follows. First, the most prominent meta features that describe the space of MLC data sets are the ones assessing different aspects of the label space. Second, the meta models show that the most important meta features describe the label space, and, the meta features describing the relationships among the labels tend to occur a bit more often than the meta features describing the distributions between and within the individual labels. Third, the optimization of the hyperparameters can improve the predictive performance, however, quite often the extent of the improvements does not always justify the resource utilization.
Spin-liquid phase and order-by-disorder of classical Heisenberg spins on the swedenborgite lattice
Creators: name: Buhrandt, Stefan
name: Fritz, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Frustration refers to the inability to satisfy competing interactions simultaneously, often leading to a large number of degenerate ground states. This can suppress ordering tendencies, sometimes resulting in a spin liquid phase. An intrinsic effect lifting this degeneracy is entropic order-by-disorder. We present strong evidence that a classical nearest neighbor Heisenberg model on the swedenborgite lattice exhibits both an extended spin-liquid phase as well as entropic order-by-disorder choosing planar configurations after a first order transition. We argue that this observation renders magnetic insulators such as ${\rm{RBaCo}}_4{\rm{O}}_7$, where R denotes a rare earth atom, prime candidates for displaying spin liquid behavior and entropic order-by-disorder physics due to their large exchange constant.
description: 4.5 pages, 6 figures