cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nonlocal effects: relevance for the spontaneous emission rates of quantum emitters coupled to plasmonic structures
Creators: name: Filter, Robert
name: Bösel, Christoph
name: Toscano, Giuseppe
name: Lederer, Falk
name: Rockstuhl, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spontaneous emission rate of dipole emitters close to plasmonic dimers are theoretically studied within a nonlocal hydrodynamic model. A nonlocal model has to be used since quantum emitters in the immediate environment of a metallic nanoparticle probe its electronic structure. Compared to local calculations, the emission rate is significantly reduced. The influence is mostly pronounced if the emitter is located close to sharp edges. We suggest to use quantum emitters to test nonlocal effects in experimentally feasible configurations.
Determining seafloor sediment geoacoustic and ripple parameters from simulated transmission loss data through Bayesian parallel tempering inference
Creators: name: Albritton, James Andrew
name: 0000-0002-4151-5989
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Acoustics
Inversion
Geacoustic inversion
Bayesian inversion
Seafloor parameterization
Transmission loss
Bellhop
Parallel tempering
Implicit inversion
Seafloor ripples
Roughness parameterization
HFEVA

description: Geoacoustic inversion of shallow water transmission loss (TL) measurements can be a more convenient way to characterize the seafloor compared to coring or other direct measurements. The Bayesian inversion method of parallel tempering was applied to high-fidelity simulated TL data to determine the viability of inverting for a small parameter set characterizing a rippled seafloor. The algorithm inverts for bulk sediment density, sound speed, attenuation, and sediment ripple amplitude and wavelength. Ripple wavelengths ranging from 1–3.5 m were considered due to their impact on acoustic waves in the kilohertz frequency range. Parallel tempering overcame local entrapment issues encountered by traditional Markov Chain Monte Carlo Metropolis-Hastings sampling with multimodal solutions. Parallel tempering prevents entrapment through state-swapping between parallel inversion chains, which improves parameter space sampling while remaining unbiased. The ray-based model Bellhop was used to evaluate the forward solution. To evaluate the algorithm’s performance, simulated data sets were created using both finite element models and Bellhop, and were then inverted. The algorithm yielded marginal posterior probability distributions for each of the parameters, as well as information about parameter resolvability. It performed well for a range of ripple parameters, acoustic frequencies, waveguide ranges, and source locations. The specific results of each test case and potential ways to improve the overall accuracy and efficiency of the algorithm are discussed
Additional file 8 of Reliable assessment of telomere maintenance mechanisms in neuroblastoma
Creators: name: Meeser, Alina
name: Bartenhagen, Christoph
name: Werr, Lisa
name: Hellmann, Anna-Maria
name: Kahlert, Yvonne
name: Hemstedt, Nadine
name: Nürnberg, Peter
name: Altmüller, Janine
name: Ackermann, Sandra
name: Hero, Barbara
name: Simon, Thorsten
name: Peifer, Martin
name: Fischer, Matthias
name: Rosswog, Carolina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 8: Figure S5. A distinct pattern of TRF southern blot analysis dependent on the TMM subgroup. Southern blot for telomere restriction fragment analyses of neuroblastoma samples and cell lines. ALT-positive cell line SK-N-FI and ALT-negative but telomerase-positive cell line Kelly were used on every blot with tumor samples as controls on every blot.
Flavour symmetry breaking in the kaon parton distribution amplitude
Creators: name: Shi, Chao
name: Chang, Lei
name: Roberts, Craig D.
name: Schmidt, Sebastian M.
name: Tandy, Peter C.
name: Zong, Hong-Shi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the kaon's valence-quark (twist-two parton) distribution amplitude (PDA) by projecting its Poincare'-covariant Bethe-Salpeter wave-function onto the light-front. At a scale ζ=2GeV, the PDA is a broad, concave and asymmetric function, whose peak is shifted 12-16% away from its position in QCD's conformal limit. These features are a clear expression of SU(3)-flavour-symmetry breaking. They show that the heavier quark in the kaon carries more of the bound-state's momentum than the lighter quark and also that emergent phenomena in QCD modulate the magnitude of flavour-symmetry breaking: it is markedly smaller than one might expect based on the difference between light-quark current masses. Our results add to a body of evidence which indicates that at any energy scale accessible with existing or foreseeable facilities, a reliable guide to the interpretation of experiment requires the use of such nonperturbatively broadened PDAs in leading-order, leading-twist formulae for hard exclusive processes instead of the asymptotic PDA associated with QCD's conformal limit. We illustrate this via the ratio of kaon and pion electromagnetic form factors: using our nonperturbative PDAs in the appropriate formulae, $F_K/F_π=1.23$ at spacelike-$Q^2=17\,{\rm GeV}^2$, which compares satisfactorily with the value of $0.92(5)$ inferred in $e^+ e^-$ annihilation at $s=17\,{\rm GeV}^2$.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables
Additional file 1 of Assessing emergency room leadership of ObGyn residents in a public university teaching hospital of Sindh, Pakistan: a cross-sectional survey
Creators: name: Shah, Nusrat
name: Shah, Nighat
name: Rabab, Umm-e
name: Tariq, Hira
name: Ayaz, Samina
name: Fahim, Tanzila
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Beam-beam effects in space charge dominated ion beams
Creators: name: Montag, C.
name: Fedotov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During low-energy operations below the regular injection energy in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), significant beam lifetime reductions due to the beam-beam interaction in conjunction with large space charge tune shifts have been observed. We report on dedicated experiments aimed at understanding this phenomenon as well as preliminary simulation results, and propose alternative working points to improve the beam lifetime in future lowenergy RHIC runs.
description: 6 pages, contribution to the ICFA Mini-Workshop on Beam-Beam Effects in Hadron Colliders, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, 18-22 Mar 2013
The Role of Environmental Exposures in the Etiology of Eosinophilic Esophagitis A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Cotton, Cary C.
name: Dellon, Evan S.
name: Green, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an emerging clinicopathologic entity defined by abnormal esophageal eosinophilic infiltration. Management of this disease is hampered by limited understanding of etiologic and controllable risk factors. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the environmental risk factors for EoE. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases from 1950 through June 30, 2015. To identify additional relevant studies, we hand searched bibliographies of included articles. We limited the review to articles using human subjects, and consisting of case reports, case series, cross-sectional and cohort studies, or clinical trials. 19 articles discuss the risk of environmental exposures on EoE and indicate that environment plays a large role in the etiology of EoE. Seasonal, geographic, and climate-based differences in disease prevalence have been shown but the exact mediators of this process, possibly aeroallergens that vary over time and from place to place, remains elusive.
Groupes d'extensions et foncteurs polynomiaux
Creators: name: Djament, Aurélien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Généralisant un article de Pirashvili, nous caractérisons les petites catégories additives A telles que l'inclusion dans la catégorie des foncteurs de A vers les groupes abéliens de la sous-catégorie pleine des foncteurs analytiques induise un isomorphisme entre groupes d'extensions. -- Extending an article of Pirashvili, we characterize small additive categories A such that the inclusion in the category of functors from A to abelian groups of the full subcategory of analytic functors induces an isomorphism between extension groups.
description: 24 pages, in French
Additional file 9 of Reliable assessment of telomere maintenance mechanisms in neuroblastoma
Creators: name: Meeser, Alina
name: Bartenhagen, Christoph
name: Werr, Lisa
name: Hellmann, Anna-Maria
name: Kahlert, Yvonne
name: Hemstedt, Nadine
name: Nürnberg, Peter
name: Altmüller, Janine
name: Ackermann, Sandra
name: Hero, Barbara
name: Simon, Thorsten
name: Peifer, Martin
name: Fischer, Matthias
name: Rosswog, Carolina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 9: Figure S6. Features for prediction of TMM status in neuroblastoma. (A) Combined ROC for TC and TRF. After binary logistic regression and calculation of predicted probabilities, used for combined ROC, n=36. (B) ROC for normalized TERRA read count as a classifier for ALT, n=58.
Archaeology & pilgrimage. Studies around rurAllure European project
Creators: name: Bassani, Maddalena;Bergamo, Maria;Gonzáles Soutelo, Silvia
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Slow Tourism
subject: Pilgrimage
subject: Ancient History
subject: Archaelogy
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: Engramma 204 collects researches and findings of several Italian and European scholars who have dealt with aspects related to ancient, Medieval and Modern pilgrimage along the main three European Routes (Via Romea Francigena, Via Romea Strata, Via Romea Germanica), or along other routes to the Holy Land. The issue is divided into three sections. The first one is dedicated to the European project rurAllure by Martín López Nores, José Juan Pazos Arias, Susana Reboreda Morillo, Óscar Penín Romero, which focuses on the enhancement of minor sites along the pilgrimage routes of Europe, and it is accompanied by an overview on the development of promotional activities for some Italian cases supervised by Alessia Mariotti. The second section presents a series of studies related to some contexts that are close to mineral springs or important waterways and were frequented by pilgrims throughout the centuries: these are articles by Paola Zanovello and Andrea Meleri's on the Euganean Hills (Padua), by Maddalena Bassani's on the sanctuary of Minerva Medica in Val Trebbia (Piacenza) and that at Timavo’s Sources (Monfalcone), by Jacopo Turchetto on the centuriation between Padua and Altino. Furthermore, the articles by Silvia González Soutelo, Miguel Gómez-Heras, and Laura García Juan on the Bagno Vignoni area (Siena), and by Alessia Mariotti and Mattia Vitelli Casella on the Argenta site (Po Delta). In the third and final section one can read two important contributions, the first by Ludovico Rebaudo, devoted to the study of manuscript evidences recorded during a pilgrimage to the Holy Land about archaeological remains in Anatolia; the second by Jacopo Tabolli, who presents an exhibition on votive bronzes left by pilgrims in the sanctuary at the ‘Sorgenti di San Casciano ai Bagni’ (Siena) that recently opened at the Palazzo del Quirinale in Rome.
Additional file 2 of Cross-cultural adaptation and validation to Brazilian Portuguese of the ‘knowledge of gestational diabetes (GDM)’ questionnaire for women with GDM
Creators: name: Pereira, Laura Betat
name: Schroeder, Helena Trevisan
name: dos Santos, Juciela Keller
name: Capelari, Paulo César Brizolla
name: Schaan, Beatriz D.
name: Bock, Patrícia Martins
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Dissemination and Systemic Colonization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli in a Murine Model of Bacteremia
Creators: name: Smith, S. N.
name: Hagan, E. C.
name: Mobley, H. L. T.
name: Lane, M. C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Infection with uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), the causative agent of most uncomplicated urinary tract infections, proceeds in an ascending manner and, if left untreated, may result in bacteremia and urosepsis. To examine the fate of UPEC after its entry into the bloodstream, we developed a murine model of sublethal bacteremia. CBA/J mice were inoculated intravenously with 1 × 106CFU of pyelonephritis strain E. coli CFT073 carrying a bioluminescent reporter. Biophotonic imaging, used to monitor the infection over 48h, demonstrated that the bacteria disseminated systemically and appeared to localize at discrete sites. UPEC was recovered from the spleen, liver, kidneys, lungs, heart, brain, and intestines as early as 20min postinoculation, peaking at 24h postinoculation. A nonpathogenic E.coli K-12 strain, however, disseminated at significantly lower levels (P < 0.01) and was cleared from the liver and cecum by 24h postinoculation. Isogenic mutants lacking type 1 fimbriae, P fimbriae, capsule, TonB, the heme receptors Hma and ChuA, or particularly the sialic acid catabolism enzyme NanA were significantly outcompeted by wild-type CFT073 during bacteremia (P < 0.05), while flagellin and hemolysin mutants were not.IMPORTANCEE. coli is the primary cause of urinary tract infections. In severe cases of kidney infection, bacteria can enter the bloodstream and cause systemic disease. While the ability of E.coli to cause urinary tract infection has been extensively studied, the fate of these bacteria once they enter the bloodstream is largely unknown. Here we used an imaging technique to develop a mouse model of E.coli bloodstream infection and identify bacterial genes that are important for the bacteria to spread to and infect various organs. Understanding how urinary tract pathogens like E.coli cause disease after they enter the bloodstream may aid in the development of protective and therapeutic treatments.
Securing sustainable snow for winter tourism
Creators: name: Mettiäinen, Ilona
name: Coath, Martin
name: Contreras, Roxana
name: Toivonen, Jusu
name: Moore, John
name: Lesser, Pamela
name: Koivurova, Timo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: ilmastopalvelu
climate service
winter tourism
talvimatkailu

description: Presentation at the Arctic Smartness Research Seminar on 24th January 2020, University of Lapland, Rovaniemi, Finland
Additional file 3 of Cross-cultural adaptation and validation to Brazilian Portuguese of the ‘knowledge of gestational diabetes (GDM)’ questionnaire for women with GDM
Creators: name: Pereira, Laura Betat
name: Schroeder, Helena Trevisan
name: dos Santos, Juciela Keller
name: Capelari, Paulo César Brizolla
name: Schaan, Beatriz D.
name: Bock, Patrícia Martins
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3.
Charge disorder and variations of $T_c$ in Zn-doped cuprate superconductors
Creators: name: de Mello, E. V. L.
name: Möckli, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Impurity doping like Zn atoms in cuprates were systematically studied to provide important information on the pseudogap phase because this process substantially reduces $T_c$ without effect $T^*$. Despite many important results and advances, the normal phase of these superconductors is still subject of a great debate. We show that the observed Zn-doped data can be reproduced by constructing a nanoscale granular superconductor whose resistivity transition is achieved by Josephson coupling, what provides also a simple interpretation to the pseudogap phase.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Vorbilder aus der Geschichte?
Creators: name: Gautschi, Peter
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2013

description: Jugendliche heute sind permanent mit den Fragen konfrontiert, wer sie sind, was sie wollen, wohin sie gehen sollen. Zur Beantwortung dieser Fragen scheinen die Lebensgeschichten anderer Menschen eine große Anziehungskraft zu haben. Jugendliche suchen ihre Vorbilder vor allem in der Gegenwart, zuerst bei ihren Eltern, dann oft bei Medien- und Sportstars. Dass sie auch in der Vergangenheit positive Identifikationsfiguren suchen könnten, wird ihnen kaum gezeigt.
Tunable Magnetism and Half-Metallicity in Hole-doped Monolayer GaSe
Creators: name: Cao, Ting
name: Li, Zhenglu
name: Louie, Steven G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find, through first-principles calculations, that hole doping induces a ferromagnetic phase transition in monolayer GaSe. Upon increasing hole density, the average spin magnetic moment per carrier increases and reaches a plateau near 1.0 $μ_{\rm{B}}$/carrier in a range of $3\times 10^{13}$/cm$^{2}$-$1\times 10^{14}$/cm$^{2}$ with the system in a half-metal state before the moment starts to descend abruptly. The predicted magnetism originates from an exchange splitting of electronic states at the top of the valence band where the density of states exhibits a sharp van Hove singularity in this quasi-two-dimensional system.
Additional file 1 of Cross-cultural adaptation and validation to Brazilian Portuguese of the ‘knowledge of gestational diabetes (GDM)’ questionnaire for women with GDM
Creators: name: Pereira, Laura Betat
name: Schroeder, Helena Trevisan
name: dos Santos, Juciela Keller
name: Capelari, Paulo César Brizolla
name: Schaan, Beatriz D.
name: Bock, Patrícia Martins
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Simple Sari Cloth Filtration of Water Is Sustainable and Continues To Protect Villagers from Cholera in Matlab, Bangladesh
Creators: name: Colwell, R. R.
name: Huq, A.
name: Sohel, S. S.
name: Bhuiya, A.
name: Sack, R. B.
name: Yunus, M.
name: Nair, G. B.
name: Emch, M.
name: Russek-Cohen, E.
name: Luby, S. P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: A simple method for filtering water to reduce the incidence of cholera was tested in a field trial in Matlab, Bangladesh, and proved effective. A follow-up study was conducted 5 years later to determine whether the filtration method continued to be employed by villagers and its impact on the incidence of cholera. A total of 7,233 village women collecting water daily for their households in Bangladesh were selected from the same study population of the original field trial for interviewing. Analysis of the data showed that 31% of the women used a filter of which 60% used sari filters for household water. Results showed that sari filtration not only was accepted and sustained by the villagers and benefited them, including their neighbors not filtering water, in reducing the incidence of cholera, the latter being an unexpected benefit.
title: Professionelles Handeln von Programmplanenden in der betrieblichen Weiterbildung im Kontext eines postmodernen Wertewandels
title: Eine professionstheoretische Analyse des Umgangs mit der Widerspruchskonstellation Ökonomie und Pädagogik im New Work Ansatz
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Tometschek, Philipp
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: betriebliche Weiterbildung
subject: New York
subject: Privatwirtschaft
subject: Unternehmenskultur
subject: New Learning
subject: Interview
subject: 374 Erwachsenenbildung

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit analysiert das Spannungsfeld zwischen ökonomischen Interessen und pädagogischen Ansprüchen in der betrieblichen Weiterbildung im Kontext von New Work. In einer Ära, in der Unternehmen vermehrt postmoderne Wertekonzepte wie flache Hierarchien und hybride Arbeitsmodelle verfolgen, werden individuelle Entwicklungsversprechen in Bezug auf betriebliche Weiterbildung gemacht. Diese Versprechen betonen nicht nur die Vermittlung von Kompetenzen, sondern erstrecken sich auch auf die Förderung der individuellen Persönlichkeitsentwicklung und Selbstentfaltung. In der Erwachsenenbildung wird hingegen angenommen, dass betriebliche Weiterbildung stets zur Steigerung des Unternehmenserfolgs und der Gewinnmaximierung dient. Das Forschungsdesiderat liegt in der empirischen Untersuchung dieser Widerspruchskonstellation zwischen Ökonomie und Pädagogik im Kontext eines postmodernen Wertewandels. Insbesondere interessant ist die Betrachtung des Aspekts der Autonomie und Bedürfnisorientierung, der unter dem Deckmantel des postmodernen Wertewandels als Wettbewerbsvorteil auf dem Arbeitsmarkt betont wird. Die Forschung befasst sich mit der professionellen Bewältigung der Spannung zwischen ökonomischen und pädagogischen Zielen durch Programmplanende in der betrieblichen Weiterbildung im Kontext von New Work. Die empirische Analyse basiert auf leitfadengestützten Experteninterviews mit Pro-grammplanenden in der betrieblichen Weiterbildung im Kontext von New Work. Die Untersuchung zeigt, dass das Spannungsverhältnis in der Praxis eher durch bedarfsorientierte Auflösungsstrategien aufgelöst wird. Unternehmen setzen aber auf eine Vielzahl von Maßnahmen, um den Spagat zwischen beiden Interessen zu bewältigen. Dabei spielen sowohl bedarfsorientierte als auch bedürfnisorientierte Entscheidungsstrategien eine Rolle. Bedürfnisorientierte Auflösungsstrategien werden als konfliktärmer und deutlich mehr den Weiterbildungsversprechen nachkommend erlebt. Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit bieten professionellen Erwachsenenbildner*innen nützliche Handlungsempfehlungen, wie sie mit der Widerspruchskonstellation zwischen Ökonomie und Pädagogik im Rahmen von New Work professionell umgehen können. Die Erkenntnisse tragen zur Weiterentwicklung der Theorie und Praxis der betrieblichen Weiterbildung im Kontext des postmodernen Wertewandels bei, indem sie zeigen, wie Konflikte aufgelöst und ein reibungsloses Programmplanungshandeln gestaltet werden kann.
3D-HST Emission Line Galaxies at z ~ 2: Discrepancies in the Optical/UV Star Formation Rates
Creators: name: Zeimann, Gregory R.
name: Ciardullo, Robin
name: Gebhardt, Henry
name: Gronwall, Caryl
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Hagen, Alex
name: Bridge, Joanna S.
name: Feldmeier, John
name: Trump, Jonathan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Hubble Space Telescope near-IR grism spectroscopy to examine the H-beta line strengths of 260 star-forming galaxies in the redshift range 1.90 < z < 2.35. We show that at these epochs, the H-beta star formation rate (SFR) is a factor of ~1.8 higher than what would be expected from the systems' rest-frame UV flux density, suggesting a shift in the standard conversion between these quantities and star formation rate. We demonstrate that at least part of this shift can be attributed to metallicity, as H-beta is more greatly enhanced in systems with lower oxygen abundance. This offset must be considered when measuring the star formation rate history of the universe. We also show that the relation between stellar and nebular extinction in our z ~ 2 sample is consistent with that observed in the local universe.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, Accepted to ApJ
Unique Signatures of Long Noncoding RNA Expression in Response to Virus Infection and Altered Innate Immune Signaling
Creators: name: Biery, M. C.
name: Armour, C. D.
name: Korth, M. J.
name: Gralinski, L.
name: Bradel-Tretheway, B. G.
name: Haynor, D. R.
name: Heise, M.
name: Ferris, M. T.
name: Thomas, M. J.
name: Frieman, M. B.
name: Proll, S.
name: Bouzek, H. K.
name: Castle, J. C.
name: Baric, R. S.
name: Katze, M. G.
name: Peng, X.
name: Raymond, C. K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Studies of the host response to virus infection typically focus on protein-coding genes. However, non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are transcribed in mammalian cells, and the roles of many of these ncRNAs remain enigmas. Using next-generation sequencing, we performed a whole-transcriptome analysis of the host response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection across four founder mouse strains of the Collaborative Cross. We observed differential expression of approximately 500 annotated, long ncRNAs and 1,000 nonannotated genomic regions during infection. Moreover, studies of a subset of these ncRNAs and genomic regions showed the following. (i) Most were similarly regulated in response to influenza virus infection. (ii) They had distinctive kinetic expression profiles in type I interferon receptor and STAT1 knockout mice during SARS-CoV infection, including unique signatures of ncRNA expression associated with lethal infection. (iii) Over 40% were similarly regulated in vitro in response to both influenza virus infection and interferon treatment. These findings represent the first discovery of the widespread differential expression of long ncRNAs in response to virus infection and suggest that ncRNAs are involved in regulating the host response, including innate immunity. At the same time, virus infection models provide a unique platform for studying the biology and regulation of ncRNAs.IMPORTANCEMost studies examining the host transcriptional response to infection focus only on protein-coding genes. However, there is growing evidence that thousands of non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are transcribed from mammalian genomes. While most attention to the involvement of ncRNAs in virus-host interactions has been on small ncRNAs such as microRNAs, it is becoming apparent that many long ncRNAs (>200 nucleotides[nt]) are also biologically important. These long ncRNAs have been found to have widespread functionality, including chromatin modification and transcriptional regulation and serving as the precursors of small RNAs. With the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, whole-transcriptome analysis of the host response, including long ncRNAs, is now possible. Using this approach, we demonstrated that virus infection alters the expression of numerous long ncRNAs, suggesting that these RNAs may be a new class of regulatory molecules that play a role in determining the outcome of infection.
Archivio storico campano. A. 1, n. 2-3 (1889-90)
Creators: name: Broccoli, Angelo
name: De Lellis, Caroli
name: Orgera, Francesco
name: Mariotti, Stanistalus
name: Miola, Alfonso
name: Mongillo, Mariano
name: Minieri Riccio, Camillo
name: Padiglione, Carlo
Publisher: name: Caserta : Stab. tip. sociale
Year: 1889

description: A.1, n. 2-3 (1889-90): A. Broccoli, Il Registro di Carlo I d’Angio 1271 A in Regia Sicla (contin.), P. 5 ; C. De Lellis, ‘Notamentum ex Registro Regis Caroli Primi’ 1271 Litera A in Regia Sicla (contin.), P. 17 ; A. Broccoli, Dal ‘Liber Instructionum Regis Ferdinandi Primi’ (1486-87-88) (contin.), P. 49 ; F. Orgera, Del Tempio monumentale Nazionale di S. Francesco d’Assisi nella città di Gaeta, P. 119 ; S. Mariotti, ‘De Urbis Nolae Antiquissima hoistoria adnotantiunculae’ (contin. e fine), P. 141 ; A. Broccoli, Ludovico degli Abenavoli di Teano, i suoi avi e nepoti: documenti, albero genealogico e note (contin.), P. 149 ; A. Miola, I beni della Badia di S. Lorenzo d’Aversa nel 1561, P. 231 ; A. Broccoli, Il Codice Municipale Sessano – Capitoli di Re Ferrante del 1468 e 1470, P. 251 ; A. Broccoli, Capua, la Fedelissima, episodio della rivoluzione del 1647-48 con lettera inedita degli eletti di Capua a D. Giovanni d’Austria, P. 281 ; M. Mongillo, Intorno ai due Galeazzi di Tarsia, disamina sulle più recenti pubblicazioni con documenti inediti, P. 301 ; C. Minieri Riccio, Dal Repertorio di Terra di Lavoro: i feudi del Gran Capitano, con ‘facsimile’ della firma, P. 319 ; A. Miola, Un Codice Capuano del secolo XVII del can.° Giov. Vincenzo Bovenzio, P. 323 ; C. Padiglione, Una dimissione Araldica seguita da alcune considerazioni dei compilatori dell’Archivio, P. 331.
description: Periodicità irregolare
Pre-conditioned Backward Monte Carlo solutions to radiative transport in planetary atmospheres. Fundamentals: Sampling of propagation directions in polarising media
Creators: name: Muñoz, García
name: A.
name: Mills
name: P, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The interpretation of polarised radiation emerging from a planetary atmosphere must rely on solutions to the vector Radiative Transport Equation (vRTE). Monte Carlo integration of the vRTE is a valuable approach for its flexible treatment of complex viewing and/or illumination geometries and because it can intuitively incorporate elaborate physics. Aims. We present a novel Pre-Conditioned Backward Monte Carlo (PBMC) algorithm for solving the vRTE and apply it to planetary atmospheres irradiated from above. As classical BMC methods, our PBMC algorithm builds the solution by simulating the photon trajectories from the detector towards the radiation source, i.e. in the reverse order of the actual photon displacements. Methods. We show that the neglect of polarisation in the sampling of photon propagation directions in classical BMC algorithms leads to unstable and biased solutions for conservative, optically-thick, strongly-polarising media such as Rayleigh atmospheres. The numerical difficulty is avoided by pre-conditioning the scattering matrix with information from the scattering matrices of prior (in the BMC integration order) photon collisions. Pre-conditioning introduces a sense of history in the photon polarisation states through the simulated trajectories. Results. The PBMC algorithm is robust and its accuracy is extensively demonstrated via comparisons with examples drawn from the literature for scattering in diverse media. Since the convergence rate for MC integration is independent of the integral's dimension, the scheme is a valuable option for estimating the disk-integrated signal of stellar radiation reflected from planets. Such a tool is relevant in the prospective investigation of exoplanetary phase curves. We lay out two frameworks for disk integration and, as an application, explore the impact of atmospheric stratification on planetary phase curves...
description: Accepted for publication in Section 15. Numerical methods and codes of Astronomy and Astrophysics
The tensile behavior of AA6013 at room temperature and 240 °C
Creators: name: Fascitelli, Dominic Gianni
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Retrogression
AA6013
Aluminum
Forming
Warm-forming
High-strength
Lightweighting

description: Automotive manufacturers are pursuing technologies, such as lightweighting, that improve vehicle fuel-efficiency and reduce emissions. High-strength aluminum alloys might provide performance equal to the current ultra-high-strength steels while decreasing vehicle weight. High-strength 6xxx-series aluminum alloys, such as AA6013, are candidates for lightweighting structural components of vehicles because of their high strength-to-weight ratios compared to steel. In the peak-aged condition, these alloys often lack the ductility necessary to form complex part geometries at room temperature. Forming at elevated temperatures increases the ductility but can reduce strength. Retrogression forming and reaging (RFRA) is a relatively new technology for warm forming parts in high-strength aluminum alloys and then recovering strength to equal the peak-aged condition. Previous studies on aluminum alloy AA6013 performed by Rader et al. demonstrated a significant response to retrogression and reaging. New data for AA6013 are presented from tension tests at room temperature and 240 °C, an appropriate temperature for retrogression of this alloy. The effects of different heat treatments on room temperature properties are investigated. The effects of temperature and time at temperature on plastic deformation are investigated using experiments at 240 °C. Retrogression from the T6 temper reduced room-temperature strength by 3.5%, but subsequent reaging restored strength to within 2% of the original T6 temper. At 240 °C, the yield stress was 25 to 30% lower and elongations after rupture were 42% higher than at room temperature for the T6 temper. Stress relaxation at 240 °C decreased stress by 32 to 43% at a fixed elongation within approximately three minutes. These results suggest that RFRA could be viable for forming complex components in AA6013-T6
Restricted Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) Herpesvirus Transcription in KS Lesions from Patients on Successful Antiretroviral Therapy
Creators: name: Dittmer, D. P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: ABSTRACTKaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is caused by Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV; human herpesvirus 8). KS is an AIDS-defining cancer, and it is changing in the post-antiretroviral therapy (post-ART) era. In countries with ready access to ART, approximately one-third of KS cases present in patients with undetectable HIV loads and CD4 counts of ≥200cells/µl. This is in contrast to pre-ART era KS, which was associated with systemic HIV replication and CD4 counts of ≤200cells/µl. Using primary patient biopsy specimens, we identified a novel molecular signature that characterizes AIDS KS lesions that develop in HIV-suppressed patients on ART: KSHV transcription is limited in HIV-suppressed patients. With one exception, only the canonical viral latency mRNAs were detectable. In contrast, early AIDS KS lesions expressed many more viral mRNAs, including, for instance, the viral G protein-coupled receptor (vGPCR).IMPORTANCEThis is the first genomewide study of Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) transcription in KS lesions in the post-antiretroviral (post-ART) era. It shows that the gene expression of KSHV is altered in patients on ART, and it provides clinical evidence for active AIDS (as characterized by high HIV load and low CD4 counts) being a potential modulator of KSHV transcription. This implies a novel mode of pathogenesis (tightly latent KS), which may inform KS cancer treatment options in the post-ART era.
A computational study of femtosecond laser sintering of copper nanoparticles
Creators: name: Kim, Jaewoo
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Femtosecond laser
Sintering
Numerical analysis
Physical modelling
Heat transfer
Multi-physics simulation

description: Femtosecond Selective Laser Sintering (fs-SLS) has much advantage of finer resolution of 3D printing as the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ) of the irradiated samples is much narrower comparing to other laser sources. Recent studies report that fs- SLS technique suffers from ablation problem. The ultrafast nature of femtosecond laser causes different ablation mechanism that are not observed in nanosecond and continuous wave lasers. The theoretical understanding of the femtosecond laser ablation mechanisms of MNPs is the first step to develop a novel technique of fs-SLS. In this study, we develop a Two Temperature based ablation model considering two possible mechanisms; Thermal stress and Coulomb Explosion. We conduct simulation studies in different sizes of MNPs (10 nm, 100 nm and 1 μm) and investigate which ablation mechanism is dominant over the other in different particle sizes. Under high sintering fluences, 10 nm particles is both vulnerable to the thermal stress and Coulomb explosion while thermal stress is the dominant ablation mechanism in 100 nm and 1 μm. However, in lower fluence, the Coulomb Explosion is the dominant in 10 nm MNPs. We also found that there is a limit of ablation depth with Coulomb Explosion. After that, we conduct the double pulse sintering (DPS) simulation in 100 nm MNPs, and it shows that a significant reduction of thermal stress can be observed while there is no sign of suppression of Coulomb Explosion. We suggest that DPS could be the effective fs-SLS technique for the better sintering of MNPs
Kinetics of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Metapopulation Movement during Urinary Tract Infection
Creators: name: Mobley, H. L. T.
name: Vigil, P. D.
name: Smith, S. N.
name: Lane, M. C.
name: Walk, S. T.
name: Walters, M. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: ABSTRACTThe urinary tract is one of the most frequent sites of bacterial infection in humans. Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains are the leading cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and are responsible for greater than 80% of uncomplicated cases in adults. Infection of the urinary tract occurs in an ascending manner, with colonization of the bladder leading to possible kidney infection and bacteremia. The goal of this study was to examine the population dynamics of UPEC in vivo using a murine model of ascending UTI. To track individual UPEC lineages within a host, we constructed 10 isogenic clones of UPEC strain CFT073 by inserting unique signature tag sequences between the pstS and glmS genes at the attTn7 chromosomal site. Mice were transurethrally inoculated with a mixture containing equal numbers of unique clones. After 4 and 48 h, the tags present in the bladders, kidneys, and spleens of infected mice were enumerated using tag-specific primers and quantitative real-time PCR. The results indicated that kidney infection and bacteremia associated with UTI are most likely the result of multiple rounds of ascension and dissemination from motile UPEC subpopulations, with a distinct bottleneck existing between the kidney and bloodstream. The abundance of tagged lineages became more variable as infection progressed, especially after bacterial ascension to the upper urinary tract. Analysis of the population kinetics of UPEC during UTI revealed metapopulation dynamics, with lineages that constantly increased and decreased in abundance as they migrated from one organ to another.IMPORTANCEUrinary tract infections are some of the most common infections affecting humans, and Escherichia coli is the primary cause in most uncomplicated cases. These infections occur in an ascending manner, with bacteria traveling from the bladder to the kidneys and potentially the bloodstream. Little is known about the spatiotemporal population dynamics of uropathogenic E.coli within a host. Here we describe a novel approach for tracking lineages of isogenic tagged E.coli strains within a murine host by the use of quantitative real-time PCR. Understanding the in vivo population dynamics and the factors that shape the bacterial population may prove to be of significant value in the development of novel vaccines and drug therapies.
Modulation of Symbiont Lipid A Signaling by Host Alkaline Phosphatases in the Squid-Vibrio Symbiosis
Creators: name: Goldman, W. E.
name: Kremer, N.
name: Rader, B. A.
name: Apicella, M. A.
name: McFall-Ngai, M. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: ABSTRACTThe synergistic activity of Vibrio fischeri lipid A and the peptidoglycan monomer (tracheal cytotoxin [TCT]) induces apoptosis in the superficial cells of the juvenile Euprymna scolopes light organ during the onset of the squid-vibrio symbiosis. Once the association is established in the epithelium-lined crypts of the light organ, the host degrades the symbiont’s constitutively produced TCT by the amidase activity of a peptidoglycan recognition protein (E. scolopes peptidoglycan recognition protein 2 [EsPGRP2]). In the present study, we explored the role of alkaline phosphatases in transforming the lipid A of the symbiont into a form that changes its signaling properties to host tissues. We obtained full-length open reading frames for two E. scolopes alkaline phosphatase (EsAP) mRNAs (esap1 and esap2); transcript levels suggested that the dominant light organ isoform is EsAP1. Levels of total EsAP activity increased with symbiosis, but only after the lipid A-dependent morphogenetic induction at 12h, and were regulated over the day-night cycle. Inhibition of total EsAP activity impaired normal colonization and persistence by the symbiont. EsAP activity localized to the internal regions of the symbiotic juvenile light organ, including the lumina of the crypt spaces where the symbiont resides. These data provide evidence that EsAPs work in concert with EsPGRPs to change the signaling properties of bacterial products and thereby promote persistent colonization by the mutualistic symbiont.IMPORTANCEThe potential for microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) to compromise host-tissue health is reflected in the often-used nomenclature for these molecules: lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is also called “endotoxin” and the peptidoglycan monomer is also called “tracheal cytotoxin” (TCT). With constant presentation of MAMPs by the normal microbiota, mechanisms to tolerate their effects have developed. The results of this contribution provide evidence that host alkaline phosphatases (APs) dephosphorylate and inactivate the symbiont MAMP lipid A. As such, APs work in synergy with a peptidoglycan recognition protein, which inactivates symbiont-exported TCT, to alter the symbiont MAMPs and promote persistence of the partnership. Not only may these activities serve to “tame” the MAMPs, but also the resulting products may themselves be important signals in persistent mutualisms. The finding of lipid A modification by APs in an invertebrate mutualism provides evidence that this specific strategy for dealing with symbiotic partners is conserved across the animal kingdom.
D2.4 Report on Multilevel and multidirectional knowledge and innovation in Replicators and Role Models
Creators: name: Pavlova, Irina
name: Esperancinha, Sergio
name: Amirzada, Zahra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Within RURITAGE, the process of knowledge transfer is not intended to be unidirectional but a mutual learning process where both Role Models (RMs) and Replicators (Rs) can exchange experiences that further up skill and reskill their knowledge and capacities. The aim is to reach and train on heritage-led rural regeneration the wider stakeholder community of RURITAGE across the different RMs and Rs. Task 2.3 ensures capacity building to guarantee knowledge transfer and brokerage across different SIAs, different Rural Heritage Hubs and transcend the mentor-mentee relationship of RM and Rs in Task 2.4. This Task focuses on face-to-face interactions through four workshops, where the entire RURITAGE consortium joins for an intense interactive working session for 3-4 days. According to an initial plan agreed at the Project’s proposal stage, each workshop was held in a different location hosted by one of partner organisations. One exception was for the last Fine-Tuning workshop that due to COVID-19 pandemics in 2020 was held on-line. This Deliverable presents the overall approach of the four knowledge exchange workshops, including the logistics and content preparations, and describes in detail each workshop, such as modalities and outcomes of sessions. The Deliverable is completed with the results of overall feedback survey, addressed to the RURITAGE Replicators and Role Models.
Transcriptome Changes Induced by Epstein-Barr Virus LMP1 and LMP2A in Transgenic Lymphocytes and Lymphoma
Creators: name: Raab-Traub, N.
name: Shair, K. H. Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: ABSTRACTLatent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) and LMP2A affect cell growth in both epithelial cells and lymphocytes. In this study, the effects on cellular gene expression were determined by microarray analysis of transgenic mice expressing LMP1, LMP2A, or both using the immunoglobulin heavy chain promoter and enhancer. Large differential changes were detected, indicating that LMP1 and LMP2A can both potently affect host gene transcription, inducing distinct transcriptional profiles. Seventypercent of the changes detected in LMP1/2A doubly transgenic lymphocytes were also modulated by LMP1 or LMP2A alone. These common and unique expression changes indicate that the combined effects of LMP1 and LMP2A may be additive, synergistic, or inhibitory. Using significant pathway analysis, the expression changes detected in LMP1, LMP2A, and LMP1/2A transgenic B lymphocytes were predicted to commonly target cancer and inflammatory pathways. Additionally, using the correlation coefficient to calculate the regulation of known c-Rel and Stat3 transcriptional targets, both were found to be enhanced in LMP1 lymphocytes and lymphomas, and a selection of Stat3 targets was further evaluated and confirmed using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). Analyses of the effects on cell growth and viability revealed that LMP2A transgenic lymphocytes had the greatest enhanced viability in vitro; however, doubly transgenic lymphocytes (LMP1/2A) did not have enhanced survival in culture and these mice were similar to negative littermates. These findings indicate that the combined expression of LMP1 and LMP2A has potentially different biological outcomes than when the two proteins are expressed individually.IMPORTANCEThe Epstein-Barr virus proteins latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1) and LMP2A have potent effects on cell growth. In transgenic mice that express these proteins in B lymphocytes, the cell growth and survival properties are also affected. LMP1 transgenic mice have increased development of lymphoma, and the LMP1 lymphocytes have increased viability in culture. LMP2A transgenic lymphocytes have altered B cell development and enhanced survival. In this study, analysis of the cellular gene expression changes in transgenic LMP1 and LMP2A lymphocytes and LMP1 lymphomas revealed that both transgenes individually and in combination affected pathways important for the development of cancer and inflammation. Importantly, the combined expression of the two proteins had unique effects on cellular expression and cell viability. This is the first study to look at the combined effects of LMP1 and LMP2A on global changes in host gene expression.