cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The survival and destruction of X-ray coronae of early-type galaxies in the rich cluster environments: a case study of Abell 1367
Creators: name: Sun, M.
name: Vikhlinin, A.
name: Forman, W.
name: Jones, C.
name: Murray, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new Chandra observation of the northwest region of the galaxy cluster A1367 reveals four cool galaxy coronae (0.4 - 1.0 keV) embedded in the hot intracluster medium (ICM) (5 - 6 keV). While the large coronae of NGC 3842 and NGC 3837 appear symmetric and relaxed, the galaxy coronae of the $\lsim$ L* galaxies (NGC 3841 and CGCG 97090) are disturbed and being stripped. Massive galaxies, with dense cooling cores, are better able to resist ram pressure stripping and survive in rich environments than $\lsim$ L* galaxies whose galactic coronae are much less dense. The survival of these cool coronae implies that thermal conduction from the hot surrounding ICM has to be suppressed by a factor of at least 60, at the corona boundary. Within the galaxy coronae of NGC 3842 and NGC 3837, stellar mass loss or heat conduction with the Spitzer value may be sufficient to balance radiative cooling. Energy deposition at the ends of collimated jets may heat the outer coronae, but allow the survival of a small, dense gas core (e.g., NGC 3842 in A1367 and NGC 4874 in Coma). The survived X-ray coronae become significantly smaller and fainter with the increasing ambient pressure.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, emulateapj5, accepted by ApJ
Gravitational Wave Signatures of Lepton Universality Violation
Creators: name: Fornal, Bartosz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the prospects for using gravitational waves produced in early universe phase transitions as a complementary probe of the flavor anomalies in B meson decays. We focus on the Left-Right SU(4) Model, for which the strength of the observed lepton universality violation and consistency with other experiments impose a vast hierarchy between the symmetry breaking scales. This leads to a multipeaked gravitational wave signature within the reach of upcoming gravitational wave detectors.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures; v2: published version
Agricultural Statistics in Sub-Saharan Africa: Differences in Institutional Arrangements and their Impacts on Agricultural Statistics Systems. A Synthesis of Four Country Case Studies.
Creators: name: Kelly, Valerie A.
name: Donovan, Cynthia
name: Kelly, Valerie A.
name: Donovan, Cynthia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Africa
subject: agriculture
subject: statistics
subject: institutions

description: A major push supporting improved data collection and analysis is required if African countries are to successfully design and implement results- based Poverty Reduction Strategy Programs (PRSP) and the Comprehensive Africa Agricultural Development Program (CAADP) being promoted by the New Partnership for African Development (NEPAD). Over the years there have been many initiatives to build statistical capacity in Africa. Many problems have plagued these efforts, including inadequate funding and the stop-go phenomenon. Recently the World Bank and development partners began a major new commitment to support Africa-wide improvements in statistical data through the Accelerated Data Program for Africa (ADP). It is hoped that this program will be more successful than previous programs by placing countries at the center of the program and building on the PRSP process. To improve the effectiveness of this effort the World Bank (WB ) Africa Region contracted with the Department of Agricultural Economics at Michigan State University (MSU) to carry out a desk study of the agricultural statistics programs in four countries: Mali, Zambia, Mozambique, and Rwanda. The objectives of the study are to: • draw on existing experience to review the institutional arrangements for the collection of agricultural statistics; • describe how information is collected and provided to meet macro and micro level policy requirements; and • identify ways to make the process more efficient and effective.
Exploring issues in learning progression research in the context of a genetics learning progression
Creators: name: Matus-Nicodemos (Castro-Faix), Moraima
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: The Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) and the National Research Council (NRC) report A Framework for K-12 Science Education emphasize the importance of scientific literacy and recommend that instruction should include a set of core ideas and practices taught following a developmentally appropriate learning progression (NRC, 2012). Learning progressions (LPs) are testable hypotheses about how students learn scientific concepts and practices and how these develop over time. LPs describe the possible pathways by which students can develop mastery of core concepts in a domain and provide guidance for how to organize instruction that builds on these developing understandings (NRC, 2007).In genetics, there are several learning progressions that differ in the assumptions about how students learn genetics and describe various learning pathways (Duncan, Rogat & Yarden, 2009; Elmensky, 2012; Roseman, Caldwell, Gogos & Kurth, 2006). The differences between these progressions are due to a lack of evidence in the field about the possible developmental constraints that may exist when learning genetics and how learning about one construct may relate to learning in another. Therefore, it is important to identify which constructs are easier to learn and if there are any affordances or constraints in learning genetics. The research presented in this dissertation addresses this gap in three parts. First, I empirically revised Duncan et al.’s (2009) genetics LP to expand upon and clarify the classical genetics constructs. Next, I identified the knowledge resources that students used to build molecular explanations for inheritance patterns and identified a snapshot of what a progression may look like across several grades. Finally, I present a cross-sectional study in which I described student performance in genetics across several grades and identified which constructs are easier or more difficult to learn under status-quo instruction. I found that, for the most part, the conjectures of the LP hold true. However, under status-quo instruction, the students seemed to progress slower than expected. Together, these studies provide further evidence about the strength and nature of the conjectures in a genetics LP, identify “stepping-stone” ideas that are productive for learning genetics and answer questions in the field about the nature and strength of the conjectures in LPs.
Uniformizable families of $t$-motives
Creators: name: Böckle, Gebhard
name: Hartl, Urs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G09 (Primary), 14G22 (Secondary)

description: Abelian $t$-modules and the dual notion of $t$-motives were introduced by Anderson as a generalization of Drinfeld modules. For such Anderson defined and studied the important concept of uniformizability. It is an interesting question, and the main objective of the present article to see how uniformizability behaves in families. Since uniformizability is an analytic notion, we have to work with families over a rigid analytic base. We provide many basic results, and in fact a large part of this article concentrates on laying foundations for studying the above question. Building on these, we obtain a generalization of a uniformizability criterion of Anderson and, among other things, we establish that the locus of uniformizability is Berkovich open.
description: 40 pages, v2: Section 7 rewritten; to appear in Trans. Amer. Math. Soc
Marcus Andrew Hurttig und Alfred Weidinger (Hrsg.); Impressionismus in Leipzig 1900–1914. Liebermann, Slevogt, Corinth
Creators: name: Muhr, Barbara
Publisher: name: Journal für Kunstgeschichte
Year: 2024

description: Rezension zu: Marcus Andrew Hurttig und Alfred Weidinger (Hrsg.); Impressionismus in Leipzig 1900–1914. Liebermann, Slevogt, Corinth (Ausst.-Kat. Museum der bildenden Künste Leipzig, 24.11.2019–14.06.2020); Leipzig: E. A. Seemann Verlag 2019; 192 S., 160 farb. u. s/w-Abb.; ISBN 978-3-86502-425-1
description: Journal für Kunstgeschichte, Bd. 24 Nr. 4 (2020): Journal für Kunstgeschichte
Neutrino Floor in Leptophilic $U(1)$ Models: Modification in $U(1)_{L_μ-L_τ}$
Creators: name: Sadhukhan, Soumya
name: Singh, Manvinder Pal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the beyond standard model (BSM) impact of leptophilic U(1) models, namely $ U(1)_{L_μ-L_e}$, $U(1)_{L_e-L_τ}$ and $U(1)_{L_μ-L_τ}$ on coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$ν$NS) and hence its effect on dark matter (DM) direct detection experiments. Imposing the latest relevant experimental constraints on these models, we obtain $\mathcal{O}(50\%)$ enhancement for case of $U(1)_{L_μ-L_τ}$ in a region $m_Z' \approx 20~$MeV. Subsequently, we observe that the enhancement seen in CE$ν$NS is roughly getting translated to enhancement by a factor of 2.7 (for Germanium based detectors) and 1.8 (for Xenon based detectors) in the neutrino scattering event rate which eventually enhances the neutrino floor by same amount. This enhancement is more prominent in the region with DM masses less than 10 GeV. The model parameter space that leads to this enhancement, can simultaneously explain both anomalous magnetic moment of muon ($(g-2)_μ$) and observed DM relic density, in a modified scenario. Enhancement of neutrino floor requires increased number of DM-nucleon scattering events in the future DM direct detection experiments, to establish themselves to be DM signal events. In absence of any DM signal, those experiments can directly be used to measure the neutrino rate, quantifying the BSM effects.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Covalent linkage of cello-oligosaccharides to borosilicate glass for single molecule binding measurements using acoustic force spectroscopy
Creators: name: Power, Zachary
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Carbohydrate binding modules (CBMs) are proteins that bind to various carbohydrate constructs. CBMs are often components of modular cellulase enzymes that bind to polysaccharides and specifically break them down into smaller subunits. These cellulases are important protein complexes in the field of biomass processing, where they are used to decompose materials like cellulose into useful compounds that are raw materials for industrial processes. The engineering of CBMs for improved binding to polysaccharides is one of the main methods for enhancing efficiency of cellulases. For this reason, the binding behavior between CBMs and the polysaccharides they target has been an area of interest for some time. CBMs are categorized into three types based on the polysaccharides they bind to. Type-B CBMs typically bind to oligosaccharides with a degree of polymerization of three or more. Since many of these shorter oligosaccharides are soluble in water, previous studies of Type-B CBMs have been performed with both components of the binding complex free in solution. Force spectroscopy is one of the most powerful tools for measuring the binding interactions at the single molecule level. Acoustic force spectroscopy (AFS) is a high throughput method that can measure the rupture forces of hundreds of bound complexes simultaneously. The AFS requires both components of the protein-ligand complex to be bound to either a borosilicate glass surface, or a polystyrene microsphere. Given the lack of force spectroscopy measurements of type-B CBMs and cello-oligosaccharides, the purpose of this project was to develop and validate a novel method for covalently linking cello-oligosaccharides to a borosilicate glass surface. This method has enabled the first force spectroscopy study of bound cello-oligosaccharides and type-B CBMs. By chemically modifying cello- oligosaccharides, and using multiple bioconjugation techniques, cellotetraose, cellopentaose, and cellohexaose were successfully linked to a borosilicate glass surface and used for AFS measurements of binding rupture forces. In the future, this novel technique can be used to further the understanding of binding interactions between various proteins and soluble polysaccharides.
Artificial Ant Colonies in Digital Image Habitats - A Mass Behaviour Effect Study on Pattern Recognition
Creators: name: Ramos, Vitorino
name: Almeida, Filipe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2; I.5; I.5.3; I.4; I.2.11

description: Some recent studies have pointed that, the self-organization of neurons into brain-like structures, and the self-organization of ants into a swarm are similar in many respects. If possible to implement, these features could lead to important developments in pattern recognition systems, where perceptive capabilities can emerge and evolve from the interaction of many simple local rules. The principle of the method is inspired by the work of Chialvo and Millonas who developed the first numerical simulation in which swarm cognitive map formation could be explained. From this point, an extended model is presented in order to deal with digital image habitats, in which artificial ants could be able to react to the environment and perceive it. Evolution of pheromone fields point that artificial ant colonies could react and adapt appropriately to any type of digital habitat. KEYWORDS: Swarm Intelligence, Self-Organization, Stigmergy, Artificial Ant Systems, Pattern Recognition and Perception, Image Segmentation, Gestalt Perception Theory, Distributed Computation.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, Author at http://alfa.ist.utl.pt/~cvrm/staff/vramos/ref_29.html
Additional file 5 of Defining and classifying public health systems: a critical interpretive synthesis
Creators: name: Jarvis, Tamika
name: Scott, Fran
name: El-Jardali, Fadi
name: Alvarez, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5. Aligning public health systems into the health system arrangements framework. This additional file includes a summary of the coded data sources used to align public health within the health system arrangements framework.
Physics of thin-film ferroelectric oxides
Creators: name: Dawber, M.
name: Rabe, K. M.
name: Scott, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review covers the important advances in recent years in the physics of thin film ferroelectric oxides, the strongest emphasis being on those aspects particular to ferroelectrics in thin film form. We introduce the current state of development in the application of ferroelectric thin films for electronic devices and discuss the physics relevant for the performance and failure of these devices. Following this we cover the enormous progress that has been made in the first principles computational approach to understanding ferroelectrics. We then discuss in detail the important role that strain plays in determining the properties of epitaxial thin ferroelectric films. Finally, we look at the emerging possibilities for nanoscale ferroelectrics, with particular emphasis on ferroelectrics in non conventional nanoscale geometries.
description: This is an invited review for Reviews of Modern Physics. We welcome feedback and will endeavour to incorporate comments received promptly into the final version
Empirical Confirmation of Fractal Spiral Quantization in Atomic Spectra
Creators: name: Boulfoul, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: hydrogen
helium
lanthanides
atomic spectra
prime symmetry
fractal physics

description: This document provides a detailed empirical and mathematical validation of the spiral quantization model introduced in the main publication:

 

"A New Perspective on Infinite Number Spaces through Prime Number Distances and Quantization" 

(DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14853309).

 

The work confirms the universality of the five-step spiral structure across atomic spectra and offers a geometric foundation for quantization.

"New Version 2"-"Update Section"-"Geometric Reinterpretation of the Schrödinger Equation in Spiral Quantized Space"

"New Version 3"-"Update Section"-"Quantitative Comparsion with the Hydrogen Energy Formula"

"New Version 4"-"Update Section"-"Formal Operator Structure of the Spiral Sequence"

 

 

License:

Creative Commons Attribution–NonCommercial–NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

 

Author:

Sebastian Boulfoul
Distance and Steering Heuristics for Streamline-Based Flow Field Planning
Creators: name: To, K. Y. Cadmus
name: Yoo, Chanyeol
name: Anstee, Stuart
name: Fitch, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Motion planning for vehicles under the influence of flow fields can benefit from the idea of streamline-based planning, which exploits ideas from fluid dynamics to achieve computational efficiency. Important to such planners is an efficient means of computing the travel distance and direction between two points in free space, but this is difficult to achieve in strong incompressible flows such as ocean currents. We propose two useful distance functions in analytical form that combine Euclidean distance with values of the stream function associated with a flow field, and with an estimation of the strength of the opposing flow between two points. Further, we propose steering heuristics that are useful for steering towards a sampled point. We evaluate these ideas by integrating them with RRT* and comparing the algorithm's performance with state-of-the-art methods in an artificial flow field and in actual ocean prediction data in the region of the dominant East Australian Current between Sydney and Brisbane. Results demonstrate the method's computational efficiency and ability to find high-quality paths outperforming state-of-the-art methods, and show promise for practical use with autonomous marine robots.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted to IEEE ICRA 2020. Copyright 2020 IEEE
Multimode entanglement of light and atomic ensembles via off-resonant coherent forward scattering
Creators: name: Kupriyanov, D. V.
name: Mishina, O. S.
name: Sokolov, I. M.
name: Julsgaard, B.
name: Polzik, E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum theoretical treatment of coherent forward scattering of light in a polarized atomic ensemble with an arbitrary angular momentum is developed. We consider coherent forward scattering of a weak radiation field interacting with a realistic multi-level atomic transition. Based on the concept of an effective Hamiltonian and on the Heisenberg formalism, we discuss the coupled dynamics of the quantum fluctuations of the polarization Stokes components of propagating light and of the collective spin fluctuations of the scattering atoms. We show that in the process of coherent forward scattering this dynamics can be described in terms of a polariton-type spin wave created in the atomic sample. Our work presents a general example of entangling process in the system of collective quantum states of light and atomic angular momenta, previously considered only for the case of spin-1/2 atoms. We use the developed general formalism to test the applicability of spin-1/2 approximation for modelling the quantum non-demolishing measurement of atoms with a higher angular momentum.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures
Empirical Confirmation of Fractal Spiral Quantization in Atomic Spectra
Creators: name: Boulfoul, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: hydrogen
helium
lanthanides
atomic spectra
prime symmetry
fractal physics

description: This document provides a detailed empirical and mathematical validation of the spiral quantization model introduced in the main publication:

 

"A New Perspective on Infinite Number Spaces through Prime Number Distances and Quantization" 

(DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14853309).

 

The work confirms the universality of the five-step spiral structure across atomic spectra and offers a geometric foundation for quantization.

 

License:

Creative Commons Attribution–NonCommercial–NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

 

Author:

Sebastian Boulfoul
Food Crises and Food Markets: Implications for Emergency Response in Southern Africa.
Creators: name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Southern Africa
subject: Malawi
subject: Mozambique
subject: Zambia
subject: markets
subject: emergency response
subject: trust

description: Concern about humanitarian crises in southern Africa, especially in light of the surge in world food prices since 2007, has been accompanied by calls for direct government action in food markets. This paper reviews how Zambia, Malawi, and Mozambique handled private food markets during the food crises of 2001/02, 2002/03, and 2005/06, which may provide important lessons for the management of future crises. Lack of trust between government and traders can lead to behavior that undermines the interests of each and harms consumers and farmers; Malawi and Zambia have persistently fallen into this trap while Mozambique has partially avoided it. Empirical policy analysis can make an important contribution to resolution only within a consultative process involving a broad range of (often fractious) stakeholders.
Empirical Confirmation of Fractal Spiral Quantization in Atomic Spectra
Creators: name: Boulfoul, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: hydrogen
helium
lanthanides
atomic spectra
prime symmetry
fractal physics

description: This document provides a detailed empirical and mathematical validation of the spiral quantization model introduced in the main publication:

 

"A New Perspective on Infinite Number Spaces through Prime Number Distances and Quantization" 

(DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14853309).

 

The work confirms the universality of the five-step spiral structure across atomic spectra and offers a geometric foundation for quantization.

"New Version 2"-"Update Section 9"-"Geometric Reinterpretation of the Schrödinger Equation in Spiral Quantized Space"

 

License:

Creative Commons Attribution–NonCommercial–NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

 

Author:

Sebastian Boulfoul
Spatial Disadvantages or Spatial Poverty Traps: Household Evidence from Rural Kenya.
Creators: name: Burke, William J.
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Burke, William J.
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Africa
subject: food security
subject: Kenya
subject: spatial
subject: poverty

description: The goals of this study are: 1) to determine the relative importance of spatial factors in explaining household wealth; 2) to identify the spatial characteristics of the chronically poorest, the consistently well off, and households escaping from poverty as well as descending into poverty; 3) to determine effects of compound disadvantages on the likelihood of chronic poverty; and 4) to assess the evidence of spatial poverty traps (SPTs). Quantitative analysis is conducted using panel data collected from 1275 households, each surveyed four times with a structured questionnaire over an 11 year period from 1997 to 2007. We identified four distinct groups. The chronically poor are defined as households remaining consistently in the bottom third (tercile) of households ranked by wealth in each of the four survey years. Roughly 12.9% of the nationwide sample was found to be chronically poor. The consistently non-poor are defined as households consistently in the upper tercile of households ranked by wealth, and this group formed 16.2% of the total sample. The third and fourth groups were those households found to have risen from poverty (starting in the bottom tercile and ending in the top tercile, the ascending) and those who were in the top asset tercile in 1997 and fell to the bottom tercile by 2007 (the declining). Relatively few households in the sample were in either the upwardly mobile category (3.8%) or the downwardly mobile category (3.6%).
Cautious Adaptation For Reinforcement Learning in Safety-Critical Settings
Creators: name: Zhang, Jesse
name: Cheung, Brian
name: Finn, Chelsea
name: Levine, Sergey
name: Jayaraman, Dinesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reinforcement learning (RL) in real-world safety-critical target settings like urban driving is hazardous, imperiling the RL agent, other agents, and the environment. To overcome this difficulty, we propose a "safety-critical adaptation" task setting: an agent first trains in non-safety-critical "source" environments such as in a simulator, before it adapts to the target environment where failures carry heavy costs. We propose a solution approach, CARL, that builds on the intuition that prior experience in diverse environments equips an agent to estimate risk, which in turn enables relative safety through risk-averse, cautious adaptation. CARL first employs model-based RL to train a probabilistic model to capture uncertainty about transition dynamics and catastrophic states across varied source environments. Then, when exploring a new safety-critical environment with unknown dynamics, the CARL agent plans to avoid actions that could lead to catastrophic states. In experiments on car driving, cartpole balancing, half-cheetah locomotion, and robotic object manipulation, CARL successfully acquires cautious exploration behaviors, yielding higher rewards with fewer failures than strong RL adaptation baselines. Website at https://sites.google.com/berkeley.edu/carl.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, ICML 2020. Website with code: https://sites.google.com/berkeley.edu/carl
Exploring Automatic Diagnosis of COVID-19 from Crowdsourced Respiratory Sound Data
Creators: name: Brown, Chloë
name: Chauhan, Jagmohan
name: Grammenos, Andreas
name: Han, Jing
name: Hasthanasombat, Apinan
name: Spathis, Dimitris
name: Xia, Tong
name: Cicuta, Pietro
name: Mascolo, Cecilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Audio signals generated by the human body (e.g., sighs, breathing, heart, digestion, vibration sounds) have routinely been used by clinicians as indicators to diagnose disease or assess disease progression. Until recently, such signals were usually collected through manual auscultation at scheduled visits. Research has now started to use digital technology to gather bodily sounds (e.g., from digital stethoscopes) for cardiovascular or respiratory examination, which could then be used for automatic analysis. Some initial work shows promise in detecting diagnostic signals of COVID-19 from voice and coughs. In this paper we describe our data analysis over a large-scale crowdsourced dataset of respiratory sounds collected to aid diagnosis of COVID-19. We use coughs and breathing to understand how discernible COVID-19 sounds are from those in asthma or healthy controls. Our results show that even a simple binary machine learning classifier is able to classify correctly healthy and COVID-19 sounds. We also show how we distinguish a user who tested positive for COVID-19 and has a cough from a healthy user with a cough, and users who tested positive for COVID-19 and have a cough from users with asthma and a cough. Our models achieve an AUC of above 80% across all tasks. These results are preliminary and only scratch the surface of the potential of this type of data and audio-based machine learning. This work opens the door to further investigation of how automatically analysed respiratory patterns could be used as pre-screening signals to aid COVID-19 diagnosis.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, Accepted for publication at KDD'20 (Health Day)
Linking Emergency Response to Need in “Food Emergencies”
Creators: name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Staatz, John M.
name: Donovan, Cynthia
name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Staatz, John M.
name: Donovan, Cynthia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Africa
subject: food security
subject: food policy
subject: food aid
subject: emergency response

description: When an emergency occurs, agencies must make quick decisions on how to help people facing severe food insecurity. This paper addresses the challenges of designing appropriate responses that are linked to identified needs of affected households and individuals. The primary goal of any response is to save lives now and protect the food security of households and individuals now and in the future. However, instrumental goals and the specific means of achieving them are varied, and must be responsive to the setting in which the emergency occurs. The paper conceives the costs and benefits of a response as the product of how efficiently a resource is delivered (resource transfer efficiency) and the effectiveness of the resource and its mode of delivery in achieving the objectives of the response (resource use efficiency). Those designing emergency response operations need to focus on the combination of these efficiencies, not just on one of them.
On the Transfer of Metric Fluctuations when Extra Dimensions Bounce or Stabilize
Creators: name: Battefeld, T. J.
name: Patil, S. P.
name: Brandenberger, R. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this report, we study within the context of general relativity with one extra dimension compactified either on a circle or an orbifold, how radion fluctuations interact with metric fluctuations in the three non-compact directions. The background is non-singular and can either describe an extra dimension on its way to stabilization, or immediately before and after a series of non-singular bounces. We find that the metric fluctuations transfer undisturbed through the bounces or through the transients of the pre-stabilization epoch. Our background is obtained by considering the effects of a gas of massless string modes in the context of a consistent 'massless background' (or low energy effective theory) limit of string theory. We discuss applications to various approaches to early universe cosmology, including the ekpyrotic/cyclic universe scenario and string gas cosmology.
description: V2. Minor Clarifications V3. appendix and 2 figures added, typos corrected, conclusions unchanged 12 pages, 6 figures
Empirical Confirmation of Fractal Spiral Quantization in Atomic Spectra
Creators: name: Boulfoul, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: hydrogen
helium
lanthanides
atomic spectra
prime symmetry
fractal physics

description: This document provides a detailed empirical and mathematical validation of the spiral quantization model introduced in the main publication:

 

"A New Perspective on Infinite Number Spaces through Prime Number Distances and Quantization" 

(DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14853309).

 

The work confirms the universality of the five-step spiral structure across atomic spectra and offers a geometric foundation for quantization.

"New Version 2"-"Update Section 9"-"Geometric Reinterpretation of the Schrödinger Equation in Spiral Quantized Space"

"New Version 3"-"Update Section 10"-"Quantitative Comparsion with the Hydrogen Energy Formula"

 

License:

Creative Commons Attribution–NonCommercial–NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

 

Author:

Sebastian Boulfoul
Look, Knave
Creators: name: Morrill, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B37 (Primary), 11B05 (Secondary)

description: We examine a recursive sequence in which $s_n$ is a literal description of what the binary expansion of the previous term $s_{n-1}$ is not. By adapting a technique of Conway, we determine limiting behaviour of $\{s_n\}$ and dynamics of a related self-map of $2^{\mathbb{N}}$. Our main result is the existence and uniqueness of a pair of binary sequences, each the compliment-description of the other. We also take every opportunity to make puns.
Shape-phase transitions in nuclei and random interactions
Creators: name: Bijker, Roelof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In these lecture notes I present a short review of nuclear shapes, shape coexistence and shape-phase transitions in the interacting boson model. In a study with random interactions it is shown that the appearance of regular spectral features is a far more common phenomenon than was previously thought. The origin of these features are explained by studying the relation with the underlying geometric shapes.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables. Lectures notes IV International Balkan School on Nuclear Physics, Bodrum, Turkey, September 22-29, 2004
the Kornhaus Field Resonance Attractor System
Creators: name: Kornhaus, Devin
Publisher: name: Devin Kornhaus
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Electric energy
subject: Renewable energy
subject: Energy technology
subject: Renewable energy
subject: Energy conversion
subject: Physics
subject: Mathematical physics
subject: Physics/methods
subject: Theoretical physics
subject: Energy
subject: Energy utilisation
subject: Energy process
subject: Energy industry
subject: Energy Intake

description: I propose a novel theoretical construct—the Field Resonance Attractor System (FRAS)—that reimagines the mass–energy relationship via a resonance-based model. Here, energy configured with a unique resonant “fingerprint” functions as an attractor or vacuum to induce the emergence of matter. Drawing on electromagnetic field dynamics, quantum resonance phenomena, and zero-point field hypotheses, this framework delineates a path by which tailored field configurations serve as templates to “pull in” matter from ambient or quantum vacuum sources. We present the scientific rationale, develop the mathematical formulation, and discuss experimental strategies to validate and extend this model, with implications for energy technology, materials science, and fundamental physics.
The clash of positivities in topological density correlators
Creators: name: Aguado, Miguel
name: Seiler, Erhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the apparent conflict between reflection positivity and positivity of the topological susceptibility in two-dimensional nonlinear sigma models and in four-dimensional gauge theories. We pay special attention to the fact that this apparent conflict is already present on the lattice; its resolution puts some nontrivial restrictions on the short-distance behavior of the lattice correlator. It is found that these restrictions can be satisfied both in the case of asymptotic freedom and the dissident scenario of a critical point at finite coupling.
description: 10 pages
Local and Regional Food Aid Procurement: An Assessment of Experience in Africa and Elements of Good Donor Practice.
Creators: name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Del Castillo, Anne Marie
name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Del Castillo, Anne Marie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Africa
subject: food security
subject: food policy
subject: food aid

description: This report discusses the potential for procurement of food aid in local/regional markets to improve the effectiveness of response to food emergency victims. The paper examines the relevance of local/regional procurement (LRP) to donors and the rationale for using it, reviews LRP’s efficiency relative to in-kind food aid and to local prices in the markets in which it occurs (focusing on Africa), proposes a classification of risks involved in LRP, discusses a range of potential LRP modalities, and closes by proposing a framework of guiding principles, information systems, and operational procedures for responsible and effective LRP.
Factors Associated with Farm Households’ Movement Into and Out of Poverty in Kenya: The Rising Importance of Livestock.
Creators: name: Burke, William J.
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Freeman, H. Ade
name: Kristjanson, Patricia
name: Burke, William J.
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Freeman, H. Ade
name: Kristjanson, Patricia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: food security
subject: food policy
subject: Kenya
subject: poverty
subject: livestock

description: This study explores the dynamics of poverty in Kenya. The study specifically examines how initial conditions, household decisions, and other factors that may change over time affect poverty. Dynamic relationships are identified between behavioral variables, exogenous shocks at one point in time, and indicators of household welfare in subsequent years.
Additional file 4 of Defining and classifying public health systems: a critical interpretive synthesis
Creators: name: Jarvis, Tamika
name: Scott, Fran
name: El-Jardali, Fadi
name: Alvarez, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Public Health Functions and Purpose. Additional file 4 provides a table as a way of organising what functions were found within the literature across a variety of countries, following the three core public health functions and 10 essential services.
Two-photon photoelectron emission studies of metal/conjugated polymer interfaces
Creators: name: Sohn, Youngku
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Two photon photoelectron spectroscopy (2PPE) has been used in the investigation of the electronic structure of interfaces between metals and conjugated polymers. This technique probes excited intermediate states in the polymers. The systems studied in this thesis are regioregular poly(3-hexlythiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) and MEH-PPV polymers on a Au(lll) substrate. Electron kinetic energy distributions and quantum yields were recorded with varying polymer thicknesses to investigate the influence of the metal substrate. Spectra and yields were also measured as a function of various photon energies and incident laser power. The kinetic energy distribution increases in width by an amount equal to the increment in photon energy, characteristic of the 2PPE process with photoexcitation from a fixed intermediate state. Kinetic modeling of the emission yield as a function of incident laser power and photon energy suggests that the intermediate state accessed during the 20 ns laser pulse is the negatively charged polaron. The binding energy of the intermediate state decreases for films thinner than 4 nm. This behavior can be understood by polarization at the interface, or alternatively by charge transfer. Also, thickness has a very large effect on quantum yield. Intermediate state pumping efficiency is lowered more than -1000-fold for thin films compared to films more than 4 nm thick. Change in lifetime quenching with polymer film thickness maybe a consequence of diffusion and dipole coupling to the metal.
Anticipating and Responding to Drought Emergencies in Southern Africa: Lessons from the 2002-2003 Experience
Creators: name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Nijhoff, Jan J.
name: Arlindo, Pedro
name: Mwiinga, Billy
name: Weber, Michael T.
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Nijhoff, Jan J.
name: Arlindo, Pedro
name: Mwiinga, Billy
name: Weber, Michael T.
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: food security
subject: drought
subject: emergency
subject: Southern Africa

description: This paper examines the efficiency and effectiveness of emergency response in southern Africa through the lens of the 2002/03 food crisis in the region. The authors outline improvements in information and operational procedures needed to enhance the response to future events. They also discuss national and regional trade regime changes that would reduce the need for emergency response, and consider what lessons the 2002/03 crisis may have for the role of Strategic Grain Reserves (SGRs).
The supermassive black hole masses of reverberation-mapped active galactic nuclei
Creators: name: Yu, Li-Ming
name: Bian, Wei-Hao
name: Zhang, Xue-Guang
name: Zhao, Bi-Xuan
name: Wang, Chan
name: Ge, Xue
name: Zhu, Bing-Qian
name: Chen, Yu-Qin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using different kinds of velocity tracers derived from the broad H$β$ profile (in the mean or rms spectrum) and the corresponding virial factors $f$, the central supermassive black hole (SMBH) masses ($M_{\rm BH}$) are calculated for a compiled sample of 120 reverberation-mapped (RM) AGNs. For its subsample of RM AGNs with measured stellar velocity dispersion ($σ_{\rm \ast}$), the multivariate linear regression technique is used to calibrate the mean value $f$, as well as the variable FWHM-based $f$. It is found that, whether excluding the pseudo-bulges or not, $M_{\rm BH}$ from the H$β$ line dispersion in the mean spectrum ($σ_{\rm Hβ,mean}$) has the smallest offset rms with respect to the $M_{\rm BH}-σ_{\ast}$ relation. For the total sample excluding SDSS-RM AGNs, with respect to $M_{\rm BH}$ from $σ_{\rm \ast}$ or that from the H$β$ line dispersion in the rms spectrum ($σ_{\rm Hβ,rms}$), it is found that we can obtain $M_{\rm BH}$ from the $σ_{\rm Hβ,mean}$ with the smallest offset rms of 0.38 dex or 0.23 dex, respectively. It implies that, with respect to the H$β$ FWHM, we prefer $σ_{\rm Hβ,mean}$ to calculate $M_{\rm BH}$ from the single-epoch spectrum. Using the FWHM-based $f$, we can improve $M_{\rm BH}$ calculation from FWHM(H$β$) and the mean $f$, with a decreased offset rms from 0.52 dex to 0.39 dex with respect to $M_{\rm BH}$ from $σ_{\rm \ast}$ for the subsample of 36 AGNs with $σ_{\rm \ast}$. The value of 0.39 dex is almost the same as that from $σ_{\rm Hβ,mean}$ and the mean $f$.
description: 20 pages, 5 tables, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Practical plant nematology: A field and laboratory guide
Creators: name: Coyne, D.L.
name: Nicol, J.M.
name: Claudius-Cole, B.
name: Coyne, D.L.
name: Nicol, J.M.
name: Claudius-Cole, B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Published by IITA (International Institute of Tropical Agriculture)
Additional file 2 of Defining and classifying public health systems: a critical interpretive synthesis
Creators: name: Jarvis, Tamika
name: Scott, Fran
name: El-Jardali, Fadi
name: Alvarez, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Characteristics of documents reviewed for this study. Additional file 2 provides a description of the characteristics of the documents included in this study.
Nonlinear viscoelasticity of metastable complex fluids
Creators: name: Miyazaki, Kunimasa
name: Wyss, Hans M.
name: Weitz, D. A.
name: Reichman, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many metastable complex fluids such as colloidal glasses and gels show distinct nonlinear viscoelasticity with increasing oscillatory-strain amplitude; the storage modulus decreases monotonically as the strain amplitude increases whereas the loss modulus has a distinct peak before it decreases at larger strains. We present a qualitative argument to explain this ubiquitous behavior and use mode coupling theory (MCT) to confirm it. We compare theoretical predictions to the measured nonlinear viscoelasticity in a dense hard sphere colloidal suspensions; reasonable agreement is obtained. The argument given here can be used to obtain new information about linear viscoelasticity of metastable complex fluids from nonlinear strain measurements.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Europhys. Lett
A supervised learning approach involving active subspaces for an efficient genetic algorithm in high-dimensional optimization problems
Creators: name: Demo, Nicola
name: Tezzele, Marco
name: Rozza, Gianluigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work, we present an extension of the genetic algorithm (GA) which exploits the supervised learning technique called active subspaces (AS) to evolve the individuals on a lower dimensional space. In many cases, GA requires in fact more function evaluations than others optimization method to converge to the global optimum. Thus, complex and high-dimensional functions may result extremely demanding (from computational viewpoint) to optimize with the standard algorithm. To address this issue, we propose to linearly map the input parameter space of the original function onto its AS before the evolution, performing the mutation and mate processes in a lower dimensional space. In this contribution, we describe the novel method called ASGA, presenting differences and similarities with the standard GA method. We test the proposed method over n-dimensional benchmark functions -- Rosenbrock, Ackley, Bohachevsky, Rastrigin, Schaffer N. 7, and Zakharov -- and finally we apply it to an aeronautical shape optimization problem.