cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
§ 7 Aufzeichnungs- und Auskunftspflichten von Krypto-Dienstleistern bei der Besteuerung von Krypto-Veräußerungsgewinnen
Creators: name: Dietz, Milena
Publisher: name: Heidelberger Beiträge zum Finanz- und Steuerrecht
Year: 2023

description: Heidelberger Beiträge zum Finanz- und Steuerrecht, Bd. 20 (2023): Geprägte Freiheit 2022/23
§ 5 Bus und Bahn – Zum Neutralitätsgrundsatz im Mehrwertsteuerrecht
Creators: name: Kube, Hanno
Publisher: name: Heidelberger Beiträge zum Finanz- und Steuerrecht
Year: 2023

description: Heidelberger Beiträge zum Finanz- und Steuerrecht, Bd. 20 (2023): Geprägte Freiheit 2022/23
§ 6 Zweiseitige Lösung dreiseitiger Fälle? Zur Anwendung von DBA im Dreieck
Creators: name: Reimer, Ekkehart
Publisher: name: Heidelberger Beiträge zum Finanz- und Steuerrecht
Year: 2023

description: Heidelberger Beiträge zum Finanz- und Steuerrecht, Bd. 20 (2023): Geprägte Freiheit 2022/23
§ 4 Der verengte steuerrechtliche Blick im Verfassungs- und EU-Primärrecht
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Noah
Publisher: name: Heidelberger Beiträge zum Finanz- und Steuerrecht
Year: 2023

description: Heidelberger Beiträge zum Finanz- und Steuerrecht, Bd. 20 (2023): Geprägte Freiheit 2022/23
§ 3 Das Gebot der steuerlichen Freistellung des persönlichen Gebrauchsvermögens
Creators: name: Klamet, Johannes
Publisher: name: Heidelberger Beiträge zum Finanz- und Steuerrecht
Year: 2023

description: Heidelberger Beiträge zum Finanz- und Steuerrecht, Bd. 20 (2023): Geprägte Freiheit 2022/23
§ 2 Der verfassungsrechtliche Einnahmenbegriff im Überblick
Creators: name: Milutinović, Anđela
Publisher: name: Heidelberger Beiträge zum Finanz- und Steuerrecht
Year: 2023

description: Heidelberger Beiträge zum Finanz- und Steuerrecht, Bd. 20 (2023): Geprägte Freiheit 2022/23
Energy Shaping Control of an Inverted Flexible Pendulum Fixed to a Cart
Creators: name: Gandhi, Prasanna S.
name: Borja, Pablo
name: Ortega, Romeo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Control of compliant mechanical systems is increasingly being researched for several applications including flexible link robots and ultra-precision positioning systems. The control problem in these systems is challenging, especially with gravity coupling and large deformations, because of inherent underactuation and the combination of lumped and distributed parameters of a nonlinear system. In this paper we consider an ultra-flexible inverted pendulum on a cart and propose a new nonlinear energy shaping controller to keep the pendulum at the upward position with the cart stopped at a desired location. The design is based on a model, obtained via the constrained Lagrange formulation, which previously has been validated experimentally. The controller design consists of a partial feedback linearization step followed by a standard PID controller acting on two passive outputs. Boundedness of all signals and (local) asymptotic stability of the desired equilibrium is theoretically established. Simulations and experimental evidence assess the performance of the proposed controller.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, extended version of the NOLCOS 2016 paper
Photonic Crystals as Rear-Side Diffusers and Reflectors for High Efficiency Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Janz, S.
name: Voisin, P.
name: Suwito, D.
name: Peters, M.
name: Hermle, M.
name: Glunz, S.W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1529-1533
description: The results in this publication show that it is possible to fabricate photonic crystals through spincoating
of nano spheres made of Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or SiO2, a subsequent infiltration with SiyC1-y
using plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition and optional burning out of the PMMA spheres. The structures
are highly ordered and show enhanced reflectivity (600 nm spheres). An implementation of such structures into the
process chain of high efficiency solar cells was done successfully. After passivating the solar cells rear side with
SixC1-x and generating the photonic structure the rear metal contact was established with laser ablation and Al
evaporation. Reflectivity measurements show reduced reflection for the
§ 1 Steuergesetzgebung in Zeiten rechtsstaatlicher Ungewissheiten
Creators: name: Kirchhof, Paul
Publisher: name: Heidelberger Beiträge zum Finanz- und Steuerrecht
Year: 2023

description: Heidelberger Beiträge zum Finanz- und Steuerrecht, Bd. 20 (2023): Geprägte Freiheit 2022/23
Continuous Vernier filtering of an optical frequency comb for broadband cavity-enhanced molecular spectroscopy
Creators: name: Rutkowski, Lucile
name: Morville, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recently introduced the Vernier-based Direct Frequency Comb Cavity-Enhanced Spectroscopy technique and we present the corresponding formalism for quantitative broadband spectroscopy. We achieve high sensitivity and broadband performance by acquiring spectra covering more than 2000 cm$^{-1}$ around 12600 cm$^{-1}$ (800 nm), resolving the 3$ν$+$δ$ band of water vapor and the entire A-band of oxygen in ambient air. 31 300 independent spectral elements are acquired at the second time scale with an absorption baseline noise of 2$\times$10$^{-8}$ cm$^{-1}$ providing a merit figure of 1,1.10$^{-10}$ cm$^{-1}$/$\sqrt{Hz}$ with a cavity finesse of 3000 and a cavity round-trip length around 3,3 m. This state-of-the-art performance is reached through a continuous Vernier filtering of a Titanium:Saphire frequency comb with the cavity grid of resonances, obtained when the cavity free spectral range and the laser repetition rate are slightly mismatched. Here, we discuss the effect of the Vernier filtering on the measured absorbtion lineshape and we derive the formalism needed to fit molecular spectra.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
Non-Thermal Transitions in n-th Order Moral Decisions
Creators: name: Alamino, Roberto C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work introduces a model in which agents of a network act upon one another according to three different kinds of moral decisions. These decisions are based on an increasing level of sophistication in the empathy capacity of the agent, a hierarchy which we name Piaget's Ladder. The decision strategy of the agents is non-rational, in the sense that it does not minimize model's Hamiltonian, and the model presents quenched disorder given by the distribution of its defining parameters. We obtain an analytical solution for this model in the thermodynamic limit and also a leading order correction for finite sized systems. Using these results, we show that typical realizations develop a rich phase structure with discontinuous non-thermal transitions.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures
The Stacked Lyman-Alpha Emission Profile from the Circum-Galactic Medium of z~2 Quasars
Creators: name: Battaia, Fabrizio Arrigoni
name: Hennawi, Joseph F.
name: Cantalupo, Sebastiano
name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of the FLASHLIGHT survey, we obtained deep narrow band images of 15 $z\sim2$ quasars with GMOS on Gemini-South in an effort to measure Ly$α$ emission from circum- and inter-galactic gas on scales of hundreds of kpc from the central quasar. We do not detect bright giant Ly$α$ nebulae (SB~10$^{-17}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ arcsec$^{-2}$ at distances >50 kpc) around any of our sources, although we routinely ($\simeq47$%) detect smaller scale <50 kpc Ly$α$ emission at this SB level emerging from either the extended narrow emission line regions powered by the quasars or by star-formation in their host galaxies. We stack our 15 deep images to study the average extended Ly$α$ surface brightness profile around $z\sim2$ quasars, carefully PSF-subtracting the unresolved emission component and paying close attention to sources of systematic error. Our analysis, which achieves an unprecedented depth, reveals a surface brightness of SB$_{\rm Lyα}\sim10^{-19}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ arcsec$^{-2}$ at $\sim200$ kpc, with a $2.3σ$ detection of Ly$α$ emission at SB$_{\rm Lyα}=(5.5\pm3.1)\times10^{-20}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ arcsec$^{-2}$ within an annulus spanning 50 kpc
description: 22 pages, 13 figures, 1 table, submitted to ApJ
Thermally Activated p- and n-Doped Passivation Layers
Creators: name: Seiffe, J.
name: Suwito, D.
name: Korte, L.
name: Hofmann, M.
name: Janz, S.
name: Rentsch, J.
name: Preu, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1562-1568
description: Amorphous phosphorus- and boron-doped silicon carbide films are used below a silicon nitride
capping layer to passivate p-type silicon. It is shown that the nitride capping layer in combination with a high
temperature step similar to a contact firing step – but with lower peak temperature – can significantly improve the
passivation quality of boron-doped silicon carbide. In spite of the silicon nitride capping a slight accumulation at the
silicon surface is created, which is detected by surface photovoltage measurements (SPV). A second very simple
qualitative test in order to verify the disadvantageous existence of inversion conditions underneath a passivation
layer is presented and is based on checking whether the depletion region modulation (DRM) affects the low injection
lifetime measured via quasi-steady-state photoconductance.
Fundamental Parameters of Kepler Eclipsing Binaries. I. KIC 5738698
Creators: name: Matson, Rachel A.
name: Gies, Douglas R.
name: Guo, Zhao
name: Orosz, Jerome A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Eclipsing binaries serve as a valuable source of stellar masses and radii that inform stellar evolutionary models and provide insight into additional astrophysical processes. The exquisite light curves generated by space-based missions such as Kepler offer the most stringent tests to date. We use the Kepler light curve of the 4.8-day eclipsing binary KIC 5739896 with ground based optical spectra to derive fundamental parameters for the system. We reconstruct the component spectra to determine the individual atmospheric parameters, and model the Kepler photometry with the binary synthesis code ELC to obtain accurate masses and radii. The two components of KIC 5738698 are F-type stars with M1 = 1.39+/-0.04M, M2 = 1.34+/-0.06M, and R1 = 1.84+/-0.03R, R2 = 1.72+/-0.03R. We also report a small eccentricity (e < 0.0017) and unusual albedo values that are required to match the detailed shape of the Kepler light curve. Comparisons with evolutionary models indicate an approximate age of 2.3 Gyr for the system.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
Target shape dependence in a simple model of receptor-mediated endocytosis and phagocytosis
Creators: name: Richards, David M.
name: Endres, Robert G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Phagocytosis and receptor-mediated endocytosis are vitally important particle uptake mechanisms in many cell types, ranging from single-cell organisms to immune cells. In both processes, engulfment by the cell depends critically on both particle shape and orientation. However, most previous theoretical work has focused only on spherical particles and hence disregards the wide-ranging particle shapes occurring in nature, such as those of bacteria. Here, by implementing a simple model in one and two dimensions, we compare and contrast receptor-mediated endocytosis and phagocytosis for a range of biologically relevant shapes, including spheres, ellipsoids, capped cylinders, and hourglasses. We find a whole range of different engulfment behaviors with some ellipsoids engulfing faster than spheres, and that phagocytosis is able to engulf a greater range of target shapes than other types of endocytosis. Further, the 2D model can explain why some nonspherical particles engulf fastest (not at all) when presented to the membrane tip-first (lying flat). Our work reveals how some bacteria may avoid being internalized simply because of their shape, and suggests shapes for optimal drug delivery.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Rational approximation to surfaces defined by polynomials in one variable
Creators: name: Schleischitz, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11J13, 11J83

description: We study the rational approximation properties of special manifolds defined by a set of polynomials with rational coefficients. Mostly we will assume the case of all polynomials to depend on only one variable. In this case the manifold can be viewed as a Cartesian product of polynomial curves and it is possible to generalize recent results concerning such curves with similar concepts. There is hope that the method leads to insights on how to treat more general manifolds defined by arbitrary polynomials with rational coefficients.
description: 11 pages
Liquid Crystal Elastomer Strips as Soft Crawlers
Creators: name: DeSimone, Antonio
name: Gidoni, Paolo
name: Noselli, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we speculate on a possible application of Liquid Crystal Elastomers to the field of soft robotics. In particular, we study a concept for limbless locomotion that is amenable to miniaturisation. For this purpose, we formulate and solve the evolution equations for a strip of nematic elastomer, subject to directional frictional interactions with a flat solid substrate, and cyclically actuated by a spatially uniform, time-periodic stimulus (e.g., temperature change). The presence of frictional forces that are sensitive to the direction of sliding transforms reciprocal, 'breathing-like' deformations into directed forward motion. We derive formulas quantifying this motion in the case of distributed friction, by solving a differential inclusion for the displacement field. The simpler case of concentrated frictional interactions at the two ends of the strip is also solved, in order to provide a benchmark to compare the continuously distributed case with a finite-dimensional benchmark. We also provide explicit formulas for the axial force along the crawler body.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures
Au-Ag-Cu nano-alloys: tailoring of permittivity
Creators: name: Hashimoto, Yoshikazu
name: Seniutinas, Gediminas
name: Balcytis, Armandas
name: Juodkazis, Saulius
name: Nishijima, Yoshiaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precious metal alloys enables new possibilities to tailor materials for specific optical functions. Here we present a systematic study of the effects of a nanoscale alloying on the permittivity of Au-Ag-Cu metals at 38 different atomic mixing ratios. The permittivity was measured and analyzed numerically by applying the Drude model. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed the face centered cubic lattice of the alloys. Both, optical spectra and XRD results point towards an equivalent composition-dependent electron scattering behavior. Correlation between the fundamental structural parameters of alloys and the resulting optical properties is elucidated. Plasmonic properties of the Au-Ag-Cu alloy nanoparticles were investigated by numerical simulations. Guidelines for designing plasmonic response of nano- structures and their patterns are presented from the material science perspective.
All three-loop four-point correlators of half-BPS operators in planar N=4 SYM
Creators: name: Chicherin, Dmitry
name: Drummond, James
name: Heslop, Paul
name: Sokatchev, Emery
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the planar correlation function of four half-BPS operators of arbitrary weights, up to three loops. Our method exploits only elementary properties of the integrand of the planar correlator, such as its symmetries and singularity structure. This allows us to write down a general ansatz for the integrand. The coefficients in the ansatz are fixed by means of a powerful light-cone OPE relation between correlators with different weights. Our result is formulated in terms of a limited number of functions built from known one-, two- and three-loop conformal integrals. These results are useful for checking recent integrability predictions for the OPE structure constants.
description: 42 pages, 2 figures
Search for Physics beyond Standard Model at the Precision Frontiers
Creators: name: Aleksejevs, A.
name: Wu, S.
name: Barkanova, S.
name: Bystritskiy, Y.
name: Zykunov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The article outlines the recent developments in the theoretical and computational approaches to the higher-order electroweak effects needed for the accurate interpretation of MOLLER and Belle II experimental data, and shows how new-physics particles enter at the one-loop level. By analyzing the effects of $Z'$-boson on the polarization asymmetry, we show how this hypothetical interaction carrier may influence the future experimental results.
description: ACAT 2016
Soil environmental criteria in six representative developed countries: soil management targets, and human health and ecological risk assessment
Creators: name: Liu, Qiyuan
name: Wu, Yihang
name: Zhao, Wenhao
name: Ma, Jin
name: Qu, Yajing
name: Chen, Haiyan
name: Tian, Yuxin
name: Wu, Fengchang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Soil pollution is a global problem. As one of the important tools for contaminated land management, much attention has been given to soil environmental criteria (SEC) in some countries. However, most of the current researches on SEC are concentrated in several developed countries. For other countries that need to establish SEC, learning the experience of developed countries can promote the development of SEC. This paper systematically described the development of SEC in the USA, the Netherlands, the UK, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. In addition, the process of deriving SEC in these countries was comprehensively compared and analyzed from the aspects of human health risk and ecological risk. The results show that the USA and the Netherlands developed SEC earlier and formed a relatively complete system. Health risk assessment and ecological risk assessment are the main methods to establish SEC in the world. The differences in the derivation of SEC in different countries are mainly reflected in the establishment of conceptual site models, the selection of calculation methods and the determination of data. It is suggested that other countries should strengthen the research on risk-based theoretical method systems and pay attention to the localization research of SEC. This paper highlights the importance of establishing SEC based on local realities. Furthermore, it can provide a reference and scientific basis for the establishment of SEC in developing countries, and provide scientific support for soil environmental management.
The first observation of an intermediate flare from SGR 1935+2154
Creators: name: Kozlova, A. V.
name: Israel, G. L.
name: Svinkin, D. S.
name: Frederiks, D. D.
name: Pal'shin, V. D.
name: Tsvetkova, A. E.
name: Hurley, K.
name: Goldsten, J.
name: Golovin, D. V.
name: Mitrofanov, I. G.
name: Zhang, X. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the bright burst detected by four Interplanetary network (IPN) spacecraft on 2015 April 12. The IPN localization of the source is consistent with the position of the recently discovered soft gamma-repeater SGR 1935+2154. From the Konus-Wind (KW) observation, we derive temporal and spectral parameters of the emission, and the burst energetics. The rather long duration of the burst ($\sim$1.7 s) and the large measured energy fluence ($\sim2.5\times10^{-5}$ erg cm$^{-2}$) put it in the class of rare "intermediate" SGR flares, and this is the first one observed from SGR 1935+2154. A search for quasi-periodic oscillations in the KW light curve yields no statistically significant signal. Of four spectral models tested, optically thin thermal bremsstrahlung and a single blackbody (BB) function can be rejected on statistical grounds; two more complex models, a cutoff power law (CPL) and a sum of two BB functions (2BB), fit the burst spectra well and neither of them may be ruled out by the KW observation. The CPL and 2BB model parameters we report for this bright flare are typical of SGRs; they are also consistent with those obtained from observations of much weaker and shorter SGR 1935+2154 bursts with other instruments. From the distribution of double blackbody spectral fit parameters we estimate the SGR 1935+2154 distance to be $
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Ζητήματα τυπολογίας των βυζαντινών «μεταβατικών» τρουλλαίων ναών. Η εξελικτική πορεία από την τρουλλαία βασιλική έως την διαμόρφωση του σταυροειδούς εγγεγραμμένου ναού
Creators: name: Πετκάκη, Μαρίνα Χρήστου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2024
Subjects: Βυζαντινή αρχιτεκτονική
«Μεταβατικοί» ναοί
Τρούλλος
Byzantine architecture
Cross-domed Churches
Dome

description: Στόχος της μεταπτυχιακής διπλωματικής εργασίας ήταν η επανεξέταση μιας ομάδας βυζαντινών ναών που χαρακτηρίζονται «μεταβατικοί» ή σταυρικοί τρουλλαίοι και εμφανίζονται κατά την μεταβατική περίοδο (7ος-9ος αι.). Αρχικά, έγινε μια αναφορά στα ζητήματα ορολογίας που ενυπάρχουν στην έρευνα σε ό,τι αφορά τους ναούς που δεν εμπίπτουν σαφώς σε καθιερωμένες τυπολογίες. Έπειτα, εξετάστηκε η εμφάνιση και προέλευση των επιμέρους τμημάτων που συνθέτουν αυτούς τους ναούς, όπως ο τρούλλος και το τριμερές ιερό. Ακολούθησε η επιλογή δέκα βασικών μνημείων αναφοράς με γνώμονα την τυπολογία και την πιθανή χρονολόγηση στην μεταβατική περίοδο και η λεπτομερής μελέτη των αρχιτεκτονικών χαρακτηριστικών και των ενδείξεων χρονολόγησής τους, καταλήγοντας στην πρόταση μιας τυπολογικής κατάταξης των ναών και μιας σαφέστερης ορολογίας στην ελληνική γλώσσα. Τέλος, εξετάστηκαν οι θεωρίες προέλευσης του σταυροειδούς εγγεγραμμένου ναού, η εμφάνιση των πρώτων παραδειγμάτων την περίοδο της Εικονομαχίας και ο ρόλος των «μεταβατικών» ή σταυρικών τρουλλαίων ναών ως συνδετικού κρίκου μεταξύ της τρουλλαίας βασιλικής και του σταυροειδούς εγγεγραμμένου τύπου ναοδομίας.
description: The aim of the present master theses was the review of a group of byzantine churches known in the bibliography as cross-domed churches, which firstly appear during the transitional period (7th-9th c.). Initially, we presented the terminology issues of the existing research regarding churches which do not fall into specific typological categories. Afterwards, we examined the appearance and origins of certain elements which constitute said churches, such as the dome and the tripartite sanctuary. We then chose ten monuments for reference, based on typology and possible dating in the transitional period and we studied in depth the architectural features and the chronological indications of these monuments. As a result, we propose a typological classification and a more precise terminology in the Greek language. Last but not least, we examined the theories regarding the origination of the cross-in-square church, the appearance of the first examples during the Iconoclastic period and the role of cross-domed churches as a link between the domed basilica and the cross-in-square church type.
A complete cosmological scenario from $f(R,T^φ)$ gravity theory
Creators: name: Moraes, P. H. R. S.
name: Santos, J. R. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent elaborated by T. Harko and collaborators, the $f(R,T)$ theories of gravity contemplate an optimistic alternative to dark energy, for which $R$ and $T$ stand for the Ricci scalar and the trace of the energy-momentum tensor, respectively. Although the literature has shown that the $T$ dependence on the gravitational part of the action - which is due to the consideration of quantum effects - may induce some novel features in the scope of late-time cosmological dynamics, in the radiation-dominated universe, when $T=0$, no contributions seem to rise from such theories. Apparently, $f(R,T)$ contributions to a radiation-dominated universe may rise only from the $f(R,T^φ)$ approach, which is nothing but the $f(R,T)$ gravity in the case of a self-interacting scalar field whose trace of the energy-momentum tensor is $T^φ$. We intend, in this article, to show how $f(R,T^φ)$ theories of gravity can contribute to the study of the primordial stages of the universe. Our results predict a graceful exit from inflationary stage to a radiation-dominated era. They also predict a late-time cosmic acceleration after a matter-dominated phase, making the $f(R,T^φ)$ theories able to describe, in a self-consistent way, all the different stages of the universe dynamics.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Thermal unfolding of myoglobin in the Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson approach
Creators: name: Peng, Xubiao
name: Sieradzan, Adam
name: Niemi, Antti J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson paradigm is applied to model the low-temperature crystallographic C$α$ backbone structure of sperm whale myoglobin. The Glauber protocol is employed to simulate its response to an increase in ambient temperature. The myoglobin is found to unfold from its native state by a succession of $α$-helical intermediates, fully in line with the observed folding and unfolding patterns in denaturation experiments. In particular, a molten globule intermediate is identified with experimentally correct attributes. A detailed, experimentally testable contact map is constructed to characterise the specifics of the unfolding pathway, including the formation of long range interactions. The results reveal how the unfolding process of a protein is driven by the interplay between, and a successive melting of, its modular secondary structure components.
description: 18 pages 16 figures
Kernel-based Sensor Fusion with Application to Audio-Visual Voice Activity Detection
Creators: name: Dov, David
name: Talmon, Ronen
name: Cohen, Israel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we address the problem of multiple view data fusion in the presence of noise and interferences. Recent studies have approached this problem using kernel methods, by relying particularly on a product of kernels constructed separately for each view. From a graph theory point of view, we analyze this fusion approach in a discrete setting. More specifically, based on a statistical model for the connectivity between data points, we propose an algorithm for the selection of the kernel bandwidth, a parameter, which, as we show, has important implications on the robustness of this fusion approach to interferences. Then, we consider the fusion of audio-visual speech signals measured by a single microphone and by a video camera pointed to the face of the speaker. Specifically, we address the task of voice activity detection, i.e., the detection of speech and non-speech segments, in the presence of structured interferences such as keyboard taps and office noise. We propose an algorithm for voice activity detection based on the audio-visual signal. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms competing fusion and voice activity detection approaches. In addition, we demonstrate that a proper selection of the kernel bandwidth indeed leads to improved performance.
Supplementary Material from Dogs with a vocabulary of object labels retain them for at least two years
Creators: name: Dror, Shany
name: Miklósi, Ádám
name: Fugazza, Claudia
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour

description: Dror_Gdogs_Long_Memo_Supp.docx
Squirmers with swirl -- a model for $Volvox$ swimming
Creators: name: Pedley, T. J.
name: Brumley, D. R.
name: Goldstein, R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Colonies of the green alga $Volvox$ are spheres that swim through the beating of pairs of flagella on their surface somatic cells. The somatic cells themselves are mounted rigidly in a polymeric extracellular matrix, fixing the orientation of the flagella so that they beat approximately in a meridional plane, with axis of symmetry in the swimming direction, but with a roughly 15 degree azimuthal offset which results in the eponymous rotation of the colonies about a body-fixed axis. Experiments on colonies held stationary on a micropipette show that the beating pattern takes the form of a symplectic metachronal wave (Brumley et al. (2012)). Here we extend the Lighthill/Blake axisymmetric, Stokes-flow model of a free-swimming spherical squirmer (Lighthill (1952), Blake (1971b)) to include azimuthal swirl. The measured kinematics of the metachronal wave for 60 different colonies are used to calculate the coefficients in the eigenfunction expansions and hence predict the mean swimming speeds and rotation rates, proportional to the square of the beating amplitude, as functions of colony radius. As a test of the squirmer model, the results are compared with measurements (Drescher et al. (2009)) of the mean swimming speeds and angular velocities of a different set of 220 colonies, also given as functions of colony radius. The predicted variation with radius is qualitatively correct, but the model underestimates both the mean swimming speed and the mean angular velocity unless the amplitude of the flagellar beat is taken to be larger than previously thought. The reasons for this discrepancy are discussed.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures, 4 supplemental movies available on website of REG
Reanalysis of Uranus' cloud scattering properties from IRTF/SpeX observations using a self-consistent scattering cloud retrieval scheme
Creators: name: Irwin, P. G. J.
name: Tice, D. S.
name: Fletcher, L. N.
name: Barstow, J. K.
name: Teanby, N. A.
name: Orton, G. S.
name: Davis, G. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a new retrieval approach to modelling near-infrared spectra of Uranus that represents a significant improvement over previous modelling methods. We reanalysed IRTF/SpeX observations of Uranus observed in 2009 covering the wavelength range 0.8 to 1.8 microns and reported by Tice et al. (2013). By retrieving the imaginary refractive index spectra of cloud particles we are able to consistently define the real part of the refractive index spectra, through a Kramers-Kronig analysis, and thus determine self-consistent extinction cross-section, single-scattering and phase-function spectra for the clouds and hazes in Uranus' atmosphere. We tested two different cloud-modelling schemes used in conjunction with the temperature/methane profile of Baines et al. (1995), a reanalysis of the Voyager-2 radio-occultation observations performed by Sromovsky, Fry and Tomasko (2011), and a recent determination from Spitzer (Orton et al., 2014). We find that both cloud-modelling schemes represent the observed centre-of-disc spectrum of Uranus well, and both require similar cloud scattering properties of the main cloud residing at approximately 2 bars. However, a modified version of the Sromovsky, Fry and Tomasko (2011) model, with revised spectral properties of the lowest cloud layer, fits slightly better at shorter wavelengths and is more consistent with the expected vertical position of Uranus' methane cloud. We find that the bulk of the reflected radiance from Uranus arises from a thick cloud at approximately the 2 bar level, composed of particles that are significantly more absorbing at wavelengths > 1.0 micron than they are at wavelengths < 1.0 micron. This spectral information provides a possible constraint on the identity of the main particle type.
description: 52 Pages, 14 Figures
All-spherical telescope with extremely wide field of view
Creators: name: Terebizh, V. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An all-spherical catadioptic telescope with the angular field of view of several tens of degrees in diameter and spherical focal surface is proposed for the monitoring of large sky areas. We provide a few examples of such a system with the apertures up to 800 mm and the field of view $30^\circ$ and $40^\circ$ in diameter. The curvature of the focal surface is repaid by high performance of the telescope. In particular, the diameter of a circle, that includes 80% of energy in the polychromatic image of a star, is in the range $1.4'' - 1.9''$ across the field of $30^\circ$ size and $2.2'' - 2.9''$ for the field of $40^\circ$ size. Some ways of working with curved focal surfaces are discussed.
description: Version 2. Accepted by Astron. Nachr. / AN
Quantum Hydrogen-Bond Symmetrization and High-Temperature Superconductivity in Hydrogen Sulfide
Creators: name: Errea, Ion
name: Calandra, Matteo
name: Pickard, Chris J.
name: Nelson, Joseph
name: Needs, Richard J.
name: Li, Yinwei
name: Liu, Hanyu
name: Zhang, Yunwei
name: Ma, Yanming
name: Mauri, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrogen compounds are peculiar as the quantum nature of the proton can crucially affect their structural and physical properties. A remarkable example are the high-pressure phases of H$_2$O, where quantum proton fluctuations favor the symmetrization of the H bond and lower by 30 GPa the boundary between the asymmetric structure and the symmetric one. Here we show that an analogous quantum symmetrization occurs in the recently discovered sulfur hydride superconductor with the record superconducting critical temperature $T_c=203$ K at 155 GPa. In this system, according to classical theory, superconductivity occurs via formation of a structure of stoichiometry H$_3$S with S atoms arranged on a body-centered-cubic (bcc) lattice. For $P \gtrsim 175$ GPa, the H atoms are predicted to sit midway between two S atoms, in a structure with $Im\bar3m$ symmetry. At lower pressures the H atoms move to an off-center position forming a short H$-$S covalent bond and a longer H$\cdots$S hydrogen bond, in a structure with $R3m$ symmetry. X-ray diffraction experiments confirmed the H$_3$S stoichiometry and the S lattice sites, but were unable to discriminate between the two phases. Our present ab initio density-functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the quantum nuclear motion lowers the symmetrization pressure by 72 GPa. Consequently, we predict that the $Im\bar3m$ phase is stable over the whole pressure range within which a high $T_c$ was measured. The observed pressure-dependence of $T_c$ is closely reproduced in our calculations for the $Im\bar3m$ phase, but not for the $R3m$ phase. Thus, the quantum nature of the proton completely rules the superconducting phase diagram of H$_3$S.
Uniqueness for the electrostatic inverse boundary value problem with piecewise constant anisotropic conductivities
Creators: name: Alessandrini, Giovanni
name: de Hoop, Maarten V.
name: Gaburro, Romina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R30 35J25 35R05 35Q36

description: We discuss the inverse problem of determining the, possibly anisotropic, conductivity of a body $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^{n}$ when the so-called Neumann-to-Dirichlet map is locally given on a non empty curved portion $Σ$ of the boundary $\partialΩ$. We prove that anisotropic conductivities that are \textit{a-priori} known to be piecewise constant matrices on a given partition of $Ω$ with curved interfaces can be uniquely determined in the interior from the knowledge of the local Neumann-to-Dirichlet map.
Overview of RE-EMPOWERED project
Creators: name: Hatziargyriou, Nikos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Re-Empowered
EU - India
microgrids
energy islands
renewable energy
Bornholm
Kythnos
Keonjar
Ghoramara

description: Overview of RE-EMPOWERED project presented at India Smart Utility Week 2022 conference.
description: The project is financially supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program and the Department of Science and Technology (DST), India through the RE-EMPOWERED Project under Grant Agreement No 101018420 and DST/TMD/INDIA/EU/ILES/2020/50(c) respectively.
Patterning of Thin-Film Silicon Modules Using Lasers With Tailored Beam Shapes and Different Wavelengths
Creators: name: Haas, S.
name: Ku, S.
name: Schöpe, G.
name: Du, K.
name: Rau, U.
name: Stiebig, H.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2383-2387
description: A detailed analysis of the front contact ablation step and the silicon ablation process for the fabrication of the series interconnection of thin-film silicon modules in superstrate configuration is presented. In this study pulsed lasers with wavelengths of 355 nm and 532 nm were used. The front contact ablation was investigated for zinc oxide as well as for tin dioxide applying an UV-laser from the glass side. As measure of the quality the achieved separation resistance and line profile measurements were used. The silicon ablation step is studied by a green laser with a two dimensional Top-Hat profile. Here the quality of the process was mainly assessed by the contact resistance between front and back contact.
Stasis domains and slip surfaces in the locomotion of a bio-inspired two-segment crawler
Creators: name: Gidoni, Paolo
name: DeSimone, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate and solve the locomotion problem for a bio-inspired crawler consisting of two active elastic segments (i.e., capable of changing their rest lengths), resting on three supports providing directional frictional interactions. The problem consists in finding the motion produced by a given, slow actuation history. By focusing on the tensions in the elastic segments, we show that the evolution laws for the system are entirely analogous to the flow rules of elasto-plasticity. In particular, sliding of the supports and hence motion cannot occur when the tensions are in the interior of certain convex regions (stasis domains), while support sliding (and hence motion) can only take place when the tensions are on the boundary of such regions (slip surfaces). We solve the locomotion problem explicitly in a few interesting examples. In particular, we show that, for a suitable range of the friction parameters, specific choices of the actuation strategy can lead to net displacements also in the direction of higher friction.
10 kWp Photovoltaic System Installed in a Thai University of Technology: First Year in Experience of System Operating
Creators: name: Hiranvarodom, S.
name: Sadmai, O.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV System Engineering and Standards, Socio-economic Aspects, and Sustainability

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4537-4540
description: This paper presents the experience of system operating in the first year of 10 kWp three-phase
Photovoltaic (PV) system in terms of grid-connected type. This PV system has been installed at the central area of
Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi (RMUTT), Klong 6, Thanyaburi district, Pathumthani
province of Thailand. The main objective for installation is to supply an electrical energy to a group of fountain
pumping motors that to be installed in the middle main university’s pond. The data of generated voltage and
current including power from 10 kWp three-phase PV grid connected system on Direct Current (DC) side have
been recorded since the system starts to officially operate in October 2009. In addition, the data of output voltage,
current and power on Alternating Current (AC) side have been also recorded via three single phase grid inverters.
Based on climatic data of design location at RMUTT, an average daily power produced by the 10 kWp PV system
that can be measured is 50 kWh per day approximately. It is able to be indicated that this PV system produces the
electrical energy of 18,250 kWh per year approximately.
Development of Nanocrystalline Silicon Solar Cells Grown by LEPECVD: Optimization of the Intrinsic Layer for Pin Structures
Creators: name: Micard, G.
name: Hahn, G.
name: Le Donne, A.
name: Binetti, S.
name: Acciarri, M.
name: Pizzini, S.
name: Chrastina, D.
name: Isella, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2388-2392
description: Low-energy plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition (LEPECVD) is a new technique for growth
of hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) at high growth rate. For all existing growing techniques, a silane
dilution threshold exists below which the material’s electronic and optical properties are crystalline-like and above
which they are amorphous-like. As known in literature, optimized μc-Si:H materials for photovoltaics are always
grown around this threshold. Our previous studies have demonstrated that up to 10% silane dilution
(d = [SiH4] / ([SiH4] + [H2])), the grown material showed a rather crystalline behaviour. Therefore our present study
focuses on higher dilution samples (30 and 50%) characterized electrically (dark and illuminated conductivity) and
structurally (confocal Raman spectroscopy) in order to identify this dilution threshold for LEPECVD. The
conductivity measured in a solar cell configuration allowed us to draw only a semi-quantitative picture. This was,
however, sufficient to reveal that reducing the silane flow (from 20 to 12 sccm) leads to an increase of the structural
homogeneity in the growth direction, of the surface crystallinity, and of the conductivity (dark and illuminated) while
varying the silane dilution induces nearly no change of these properties. Then, from a conductivity criterion, the most
suitable material seems to be obtained at a flow of 16 sccm of silane and a dilution d of 30%. However, this material
shows an inhomogeneity of the microstructure in the growth direction which could be detrimental to the performance
of the solar cell.
Quantifying the Antireflection Properties of Internal Interfaces of Solar Cells on Rough TCO
Creators: name: Hagemann, V.
name: Reichel, S.
name: Bauer, S.
name: Lechner, P.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2400-2402
description: Transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) are crucial for the performance of amorphous, microcrystalline and
micromorph, silicon based thin film solar cells. Key properties of TCO coated substrates are high conductivity, high
transmission and good light trapping ability. However, another important, but less prominent effect of the surface
roughness is the grading of the otherwise abrupt index step at the interface of layers with different refractive indices.
This results in a reduction of the effective reflection compared to the Fresnel-reflection of a step index interface.
The purpose of this work is to describe an algorithm that allows for quantifying these reflection reducing
properties of internal interfaces of solar cells on rough TCOs.
This will result in a deeper understanding of the optical properties of TCO substrates and their effect on the
efficiency of solar cells. It will especially be helpful to give a physical meaning to parameters that are used in the
semi-coherent modeling.
A reflection reduction of 30%-60% for the air – TCO interface of commercially available TCO substrates was
calculated. For the TCO – a-Si:H (p) interface the calculated reflection reduction is still in the range of 10% to 20%.
Hollanda'da Açık Bilim Çalışmaları ve Delft Teknik Üniversitesi
Creators: name: Turkyilmaz-van der Velden, Yasemin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: HacknBreak 2020 Sağlıkta Açık İnovasyon Kampı için ''Hollanda’da Açık Bilim Çalışmaları ve Delft Teknik Üniversitesi'' isimli konuşma.
Latent heat at the first order phase transition point of SU(3) gauge theory
Creators: name: Shirogane, Mizuki
name: Ejiri, Shinji
name: Iwami, Ryo
name: Kanaya, Kazuyuki
name: Kitazawa, Masakiyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the energy gap (latent heat) and pressure gap between the hot and cold phases of the SU(3) gauge theory at the first order deconfining phase transition point. We perform simulations around the phase transition point with the lattice size in the temporal direction Nt=6, 8 and 12 and extrapolate the results to the continuum limit. We also investigate the spatial volume dependence. The energy density and pressure are evaluated by the derivative method with non-perturabative anisotropy coefficients. We adopt a multi-point reweighting method to determine the anisotropy coefficients. We confirm that the anisotropy coefficients approach the perturbative values as Nt increases. We find that the pressure gap vanishes at all values of Nt when the non-perturbative anisotropy coefficients are used. The spatial volume dependence in the latent heat is found to be small on large lattices. Performing extrapolation to the continuum limit, we obtain $ Δε/T^4 = 0.75 \pm 0.17 $ and $ Δ(ε-3 p)/T^4 = 0.623 \pm 0.056.$
description: 20 pages, 20 figures