cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the food problem in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Creators: name: Ayazbayeva, Gulnara
Publisher: name: International Journal on Food System Dynamics
Year: 2024
Subjects: Agriculture; nutrition; food security; level of self-sufficiency; agricultural sector

description: The purpose of the study is to assess the food security of Kazakhstan and analyze the production and consumption of food. The methods that were used are the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, general scientific, special methods, and statistical analysis. The article identifies such priority areas: the production of their own food, the use of innovative, resource-saving technologies in agriculture; integrated use of land resources, solving the problems of degraded pastures; attracting human resources, investments, and technologies to the industrial sector; implementation of the consolidation of agricultural land and the development of animal husbandry; opening of new export markets.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 15, No 3 (2024): Country Issue: Kazakhstan
Questionnaire for the paper : "Generating requirements out of thin air: Automated feature identification for new apps"
Creators: name: Xyz Xyz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 80703 Human Information Behaviour
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: Applied Computer Science

description: This questionnaire is part of our under review publication in 27th IEEE International Requirements Engineering Conference (RE'19)
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 23 (77)]
Creators: name: Ferrus, Johannes Baptista
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1485
Subjects: subject: Sonstige geistliche Aussteller
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Brief des Johannes Baptista Ferrus, Rector ecclesie sancti Sirii de Sorecina Cremonensis und Generalvikar des Erzbischofs von Mailand, an Alexandrus Vicecomitis, Sohn des Johannes Maria aus Mailand.
Inferring the strength of social ties: a community-driven approach
Creators: name: Rozenshtein, Polina
name: Tatti, Nikolaj
name: Gionis, Aristides
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Online social networks are growing and becoming denser. The social connections of a given person may have very high variability: from close friends and relatives to acquaintances to people who hardly know. Inferring the strength of social ties is an important ingredient for modeling the interaction of users in a network and understanding their behavior. Furthermore, the problem has applications in computational social science, viral marketing, and people recommendation. In this paper we study the problem of inferring the strength of social ties in a given network. Our work is motivated by a recent approach [27], which leverages the strong triadic closure (STC) principle, a hypothesis rooted in social psychology [13]. To guide our inference process, in addition to the network structure, we also consider as input a collection of tight communities. Those are sets of vertices that we expect to be connected via strong ties. Such communities appear in different situations, e.g., when being part of a community implies a strong connection to one of the existing members. We consider two related problem formalizations that reflect the assumptions of our setting: small number of STC violations and strong-tie connectivity in the input communities. We show that both problem formulations are NP-hard. We also show that one problem formulation is hard to approximate, while for the second we develop an algorithm with approximation guarantee. We validate the proposed method on real-world datasets by comparing with baselines that optimize STC violations and community connectivity separately.
Synchronization of strongly interacting alkali-metal spins
Creators: name: Katz, Or
name: Firstenberg, Ofer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spins of gaseous alkali atoms are commonly assumed to oscillate at a constant hyperfine frequency, which for many years has been used to define the Second. Indeed, under standard experimental conditions, the spins oscillate independently, only weakly perturbed and slowly decaying due to random spin-spin collisions. Here we consider a different, unexplored regime of very dense gas, where collisions, more frequent than the hyperfine frequency, dominate the dynamics. Counter-intuitively, we find that the hyperfine oscillations become significantly longer-lived, and their frequency becomes dependent on the state of the ensemble, manifesting strong nonlinear dynamics. We reveal that the nonlinearity originates from a many-body interaction which synchronizes the electronic spins, driving them into a single collective mode. The conditions for experimental realizations of this regime are outlined.
Understanding the Relative Strength of QBF CDCL Solvers and QBF Resolution
Creators: name: Beyersdorff, Olaf
name: Böhm, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: QBF solvers implementing the QCDCL paradigm are powerful algorithms that successfully tackle many computationally complex applications. However, our theoretical understanding of the strength and limitations of these QCDCL solvers is very limited.
 In this paper we suggest to formally model QCDCL solvers as proof systems. We define different policies that can be used for decision heuristics and unit propagation and give rise to a number of sound and complete QBF proof systems (and hence new QCDCL algorithms). With respect to the standard policies used in practical QCDCL solving, we show that the corresponding QCDCL proof system is incomparable (via exponential separations) to Q-resolution, the classical QBF resolution system used in the literature. This is in stark contrast to the propositional setting where CDCL and resolution are known to be p-equivalent.
 This raises the question what formulas are hard for standard QCDCL, since Q-resolution lower bounds do not necessarily apply to QCDCL as we show here. In answer to this question we prove several lower bounds for QCDCL, including exponential lower bounds for a large class of random QBFs.
 We also introduce a strengthening of the decision heuristic used in classical QCDCL, which does not necessarily decide variables in order of the prefix, but still allows to learn asserting clauses. We show that with this decision policy, QCDCL can be exponentially faster on some formulas.
 We further exhibit a QCDCL proof system that is p-equivalent to Q-resolution. In comparison to classical QCDCL, this new QCDCL version adapts both decision and unit propagation policies.
Wolfeniana randolphensis U. B. Deshmukh. 2022, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Deshmukh, Umakant Bhoopati
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Gentianales
Rubiaceae
Wolfeniana
Wolfeniana randolphensis

description: Wolfeniana randolphensis (Erwin & Rothwell) U.B. Deshmukh comb. nov.
 Basionym: Gillespiea randolphensis Erwin & Rothwell in Canad. J. Bot., 67(10): 3064. 1989.
 Holotype: Compression-limonitized specimen No.193-59 (Figs. 25–31); Nos. 8452–8485 in the Paleobotanical collections, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. (Previously in Paleobotanical Herbarium, Department of Botany, Ohio University (OUPH). Athens, USA.)
 Paratypes: Specimens Nos. 49-6 (Fig. 9), 49-7 (Fig. 11), 49-24 (Figs. 14–16), 49-33 (Fig. 10), 49-40 (Fig. 19), 49-59 (Figs. 17, 18, 21), 80-9 (Fig. l), 192-23 (Figs. 12, 13), 193-3 (Fig. 6), 193-34 (Figs. 7, 8) and 193-9 (no figure); OUPH Nos. 8541–8543, 8543, 8487–8489, 8546–8547, 8565–8566, 8575–8584, 8540, 8668-8671, 8452, 8744, 8740.
 Type Locality: Road cut located 10 km east of the intersection of U.S. Rte. 33 and W.V. Rte. 219 on south side of U.S. Rte. 33 near Elkins, Randolph Co., West Virginia, USA. (38054’25”N, 790 ‘43’42”W).
 Stratigraphic position: Hampshire Formation, Cassadaga Stage, Chautauquan Series.
 Age: Upper Devonian.
description: Published as part of Deshmukh, Umakant Bhoopati, 2022, Wolfeniana, a new replacement name for fossil Pteridophyte genus Gillespiea Erwin & Rothwell (Stauropteridales), pp. 249-250 in Phytotaxa 566 (2) on page 249, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.566.2.11, http://zenodo.org/record/7119073
Chiral anomaly in Weyl semimetals from spin current injection
Creators: name: Gao, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weyl semimetals are well-known for hosting topologically protected linear band crossings, serving as the analog of the relativistic Weyl Fermions in the condensed matter context. Such analogy persists deeply, allowing the existence of the chiral anomaly under parallel electric and magnetic field in Weyl semimetals. Different from such picture, here we show that, a unique mechanism of the chiral anomaly exists in Weyl semimetals by injecting a spin current with parallel spin polarization and flow direction. The existence of such a chiral anomaly is protected by the topological feature that each Weyl cone can also be a source or drain of the spin field in the momentum space. It leads to measurable experimental signals, such as an electric charge current parallel with an applied magnetic field in the absence of the electric field, and a sharp peak at certain resonant frequency in the injection current in achiral Weyl semimetals through the circular photogalvanic effect. Our work shows that the topological implication of Weyl semimetals goes beyond the link with relativistic Weyl Fermions, and offers a promising scenario to examine the interplay between topology and spin.
The BEBOP radial-velocity survey for circumbinary planets I. Eight years of CORALIE observations of 47 single-line eclipsing binaries and abundance constraints on the masses of circumbinary planets
Creators: name: Martin, David V.
name: Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.
name: Udry, Stephane
name: Marmier, Maxime
name: Maxted, Pierre F. L.
name: Cameron, Andrew Collier
name: Hellier, Coel
name: Pepe, Francesco
name: Pollacco, Don
name: Segransan, Damien
name: West, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the BEBOP radial velocity survey for circumbinary planets. We initiated this survey using the CORALIE spectrograph on the Swiss Euler Telescope at La Silla, Chile. An intensive four year observing campaign commenced in 2013, targeting 47 single-lined eclipsing binaries drawn from the EBLM survey for low mass eclipsing binaries. Our specific use of binaries with faint M dwarf companions avoids spectral contamination, providing observing conditions akin to single stars. By combining new BEBOP observations with existing ones from the EBLM programme, we report on the results of 1519 radial velocity measurements over timespans as long as eight years. For the best targets we are sensitive to planets down to 0.1 Jupiter masses, and our median sensitivity is 0.4 Jupiter masses. In this initial survey we do not detect any planetary mass companions. Nonetheless, we present the first constraints on the abundance of circumbinary companions, as a function of mass and period. A comparison of our results to Kepler's detections indicates a dispersion of planetary orbital inclinations less than ~10 degrees.
description: After second referee report at A&A, 17 pages of main text and 28 pages of appendix tables and figures
Instrument Simulator and Data Reduction Pipeline for the iLocater Spectrograph
Creators: name: Bechter, Eric B.
name: Bechter, Andrew J.
name: Crepp, Justin R.
name: Crass, Jonathan
name: King, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: iLocater is a near-infrared (NIR) radial velocity (RV) spectrograph that is being developed for the Large Binocular Telescope in Arizona. Unlike seeing limited designs, iLocater uses adaptive optics to inject starlight directly into a single mode fiber. This feature offers high spectral resolution while simultaneously maintaining a compact optical design. Although this approach shows promise to generate extremely precise RV measurements, it differs from conventional Doppler spectrographs, and therefore carries additional risk. To aid with the design of the instrument, we have developed a comprehensive simulator and data reduction pipeline. In this paper, we describe the simulation code and quantify its performance in the context of understanding terms in a RV error budget. We find that the program has an intrinsic precision of $σ< 5$ cm/s, thereby justifying its use in a number of instrument trade studies. The code is written in Matlab and available for download on GitHub.
description: 23 pages, 17 figures
From topological to parametrized field theory
Creators: name: Sa, N. Barros e
name: Bengtsson, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been proposed to study the theory resulting from setting the gravitational constant to zero in the first order formalism for general relativity. In this letter we investigate this theory in the presence of matter fields, establish its equivalence with parametrized field theory on a flat background, and relate it to previous results in topological field theory (BF theory).
description: 8 pages, latex, no figures
Adding Negation to Lambda Mu
Creators: name: van Bakel, Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present $\cal L$, an extension of Parigot's $λμ$-calculus by adding negation as a type constructor, together with syntactic constructs that represent negation introduction and elimination. We will define a notion of reduction that extends $λμ$'s reduction system with two new reduction rules, and show that the system satisfies subject reduction. Using Aczel's generalisation of Tait and Martin-Löf's notion of parallel reduction, we show that this extended reduction is confluent. Although the notion of type assignment has its limitations with respect to representation of proofs in natural deduction with implication and negation, we will show that all propositions that can be shown in there have a witness in $\cal L$. Using Girard's approach of reducibility candidates, we show that all typeable terms are strongly normalisable, and conclude the paper by showing that type assignment for $\cal L$ enjoys the principal typing property.
Instanton-Meron Hybrid in the Background of Gravitational Instantons
Creators: name: Kim, Hongsu
name: Yoon, Yongsung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When it comes to the topological aspects, gravity may have profound effects even at the level of particle physics despite its negligibly small relative strength well below the Planck scale. In spite of this intriguing possibility, relatively little attempt has been made toward the exhibition of this phenomenon in relevant physical systems. In the present work, perhaps the simplest and the most straightforward new algorithm for generating solutions to (anti) self-dual Yang-Mills (YM) equation in the typical gravitational instanton backgrounds is proposed and then applied to find the solutions practically in all the gravitational instantons known. Solutions thus obtained turn out to be some kind of instanton-meron hybrids possessing mixed features of both. Namely, they are rather exotic type of configurations obeying first order (anti) self-dual YM equation which are everywhere non-singular and have finite Euclidean YM actions on one hand while exhibiting meron-like large distance behavior and carrying generally fractional topological charge values on the other. Close inspection, however, reveals that the solutions are more like instantons rather than merons in their generic natures.
description: 33pages, Revtex, typos corrected
Oilaviy hayotda tolerantlikning muhim ahamiyati
Creators: name: Sultanmurodova Zilola Shuhrat qizi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Annatotsiya: Ushbu maqolada oilaviy hayotda tolerantlikning muhim ahamiyati, uning oilani to‘laqonli mustahkamlash uchun qanchalik muhim ekanligi, ayniqsa, yoshlar tarbiyasida bugungi glaballashuv jarayonida juda kerakli ekanligi ko‘rsatib o‘tilgan.

Kalit so’zlar: tolerantlik, deklaratsiya, oilaviy hayot, tenglik, glaballashuv, oila, qarash, qadriyat, sivilizatsiya, murasa qilish, turmush tarzi 

Аннатоция: В данной статье показано значение толерантности в семейной жизни, насколько она важна для полноценного укрепления семьи, особенно в воспитании молодежи, что очень необходимо в современном процессе глобализации.

Ключевые слова: толерантность, декларация, семейная жизнь, равенство, глобализация, семья, видение, ценности, цивилизация, компромисс, образ жизни.

Annatotsia: This article shows the importance of tolerance in family life, how important it is for the full strengthening of the family, especially in the education of young people, which is very necessary in today's process of globalization.

Key words: tolerance, declaration, family life, equality, globalization, family, vision, value, civilization, compromise, lifestyle
Entrepreneurial Intention among Management students.pdf
Creators: name: GOPI, JISHA
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150304 Entrepreneurship
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Entrepreneurship has become an emerging phenomenon in the recent times. Entrepreneurship has been considered as the cure for youth unemployment and helps in wealth creation. While the process of initiation, funding and success or failure of a start-up have been studied widely, studies on the determining factors of entrepreneurial intentions have been unconvincing.
High proper motion white dwarfs and halo dark matter
Creators: name: Torres, Santiago
name: Garcia-Berro, Enrique
name: Burkert, Andreas
name: Isern, Jordi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interpretation of the old, cool white dwarfs recently found by Oppenheimer et al. (2001) is still controversial. Whereas these authors claim that they have finally found the elusive ancient halo white dwarf population that contributes significantly to the mass budget of the galactic halo, there have been several other contributions that argue that these white dwarfs are not genuine halo members but, instead, thick disk stars. We show here that the interpretation of this sample is based on the adopted distances, which are obtained from a color--magnitude calibration, and we demonstrate that when the correct distances are used a sizeable fraction of these putative halo white dwarfs belong indeed to the disk population. We also perform a maximum likelihood analysis of the remaining set of white dwarfs and we find that they most likely belong to the thick disk population. However, another possible explanation is that this sample of white dwarfs has been drawn from a 1:1 mixture of the halo and disk white dwarf populations.
description: accepted for publication in the MNRAS, 9 pages, 6 figures
Food security in Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan: Challenges and strategies for economic and sustainable development
Creators: name: Duisenbekuly, Abylay-Khan
name: Kulbay, Bauyrzhan
name: Bigeldiyeva, Zarema
name: Zhakipbekova, Dilyara
name: Daurbayeva, Marzhan
Publisher: name: International Journal on Food System Dynamics
Year: 2024
Subjects: Agriculture; policy effectiveness; international standards; international cooperation; sustainable development

description: The study aims to analyse the current mechanisms of state regulation of food security in Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan to identify and assess their effectiveness. Among the methods used were analytical, statistical, functional, method of system analysis, deduction, synthesis, and comparison. A comparative analysis of state regulation of food security in Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan was conducted, leading to recommendations for enhancing regulatory measures. Suggestions include integrating new agricultural technologies, fostering international partnerships, and learning from other nations' exfperiences. The study also highlighted opportunities for sustainable agricultural development, product quality improvement, and ensuring food accessibility across various population segments in both regions.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 15, No 3 (2024): Country Issue: Kazakhstan
Quantum internal modes of solitons in 1d easy-plane antiferromagnet in strong magnetic field
Creators: name: Ivanov, B. A.
name: Kolezhuk, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In presence of a strong external magnetic field the dynamics of solitons in a one-dimensional easy-plane Heisenberg antiferromagnet exhibits a number of peculiarities. Dynamics of internal soliton degrees of freedom is essentially quantum, and they are strongly coupled to the "translational" mode of soliton movement. These peculiarities lead to considerable changes in the response functions of the system which can be detected experimentally.
description: 8 pages, RevTeX, 6 figures, uses psfig.sty, submitted to PRB
Visual modelling methods and statistical analysis from Risk of social colours in an agamid lizard: implications for the evolution of dynamic signals
Creators: name: Madhura S. Amdekar
name: Thaker, Maria
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Details on methods of visual modelling, the associated statistical analyses and supplementary figures and tables.
Formal Verification of Quantum Programs: Theory, Tools and Challenges
Creators: name: Lewis, Marco
name: Soudjani, Sadegh
name: Zuliani, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past 27 years, quantum computing has seen a huge rise in interest from both academia and industry. At the current rate, quantum computers are growing in size rapidly backed up by the increase of research in the field. Significant efforts are being made to improve the reliability of quantum hardware and to develop suitable software to program quantum computers. In contrast, the verification of quantum programs has received relatively less attention. Verifying programs is especially important in the quantum setting due to how difficult it is to program complex algorithms correctly on resource-constrained and error-prone quantum hardware. Research into creating verification frameworks for quantum programs has seen recent development, with a variety of tools implemented using a collection of theoretical ideas. This survey aims to be a short introduction into the area of formal verification of quantum programs, bringing together theory and tools developed to date. Further, this survey examines some of the challenges that the field may face in the future, namely the development of complex quantum algorithms.
description: 32 pages; changes to Sections 2, 3, 4, 5.5, Appendix
title: Braunschweigische Anzeigen 87. Jahr 1831
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Herzogliche Waisenhaus-Buchdruckerei
Year: 1831
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Braunschweigische Anzeigen
subject: 902

description: Braunschweigische Anzeigen: offizielles Regierungs- und Anzeigeblatt, vol. 87
Emerging angular momentum physics from kinematic surveys
Creators: name: Colless, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review the insights emerging from recent large kinematic surveys of galaxies at low redshift, with particular reference to the SAMI, CALIFA and MaNGA surveys. These new observations provide a more comprehensive picture of the angular momentum properties of galaxies over wide ranges in mass, morphology and environment in the present-day universe. I focus on the distribution of angular momentum within galaxies of various types and the relationship between mass, morphology and specific angular momentum. I discuss the implications of the new results for models of galaxy assembly.
description: To appear in 'Galactic Angular Momentum', edited by Danail Obreschkow, the proceedings of Focus Meeting 6 held during the XXXth IAU General Assembly, August 2018 (6 pages, 7 figures). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1608.00291
Nonequilibrium Mesoscopic Conductors Driven by Reservoirs
Creators: name: Shimizu, Akira
name: Kato, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to specify a nonequilibrium steady state of a quantum wire (QWR), one must connect reservoirs to it. Since reservoirs should be large 2d or 3d systems, the total system is a large and inhomogeneous 2d or 3d system, in which e-e interactions have the same strength in all regions. However, most theories of interacting electrons in QWR considered simplified 1d models, in which reservoirs are absent or replaced with noninteracting 1d leads. We first discuss fundamental problems of such theories in view of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics. We then present formulations which are free from such difficulties, and discuss what is going on in mesoscopic systems in nonequilibrium steady state. In particular, we point out important roles of energy corrections and non-mechanical forces, which are induced by a finite current.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures Proc. 219th Int. WEH Workshop in Hamburg, Germany, 1999
An efficient approach to extract parameters from star cluster CMDs: fitCMD
Creators: name: Bonatto, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents an approach (fitCMD) designed to obtain a comprehensive set of astrophysical parameters from colour-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of star clusters. Based on initial mass function (IMF) properties taken from isochrones, fitCMD searches for the values of total (or cluster) stellar mass, age, global metallicity, foreground reddening, distance modulus, and magnitude-dependent photometric completeness that produce the artificial CMD that best reproduces the observed one; photometric scatter is also taken into account in the artificial CMDs. Inclusion of photometric completeness proves to be an important feature of fitCMD, something that becomes apparent especially when luminosity functions are considered. These parameters are used to build a synthetic CMD that also includes photometric scatter. Residual minimization between the observed and synthetic CMDs leads to the best-fit parameters. When tested against artificial star clusters, fitCMD shows to be efficient both in terms of computational time and ability to recover the input values.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Photoneutralization of charges in GaAs quantum dot based entangled photon emitters
Creators: name: Yang, Jingzhong
name: Fandrich, Tom
name: Benthin, Frederik
name: Keil, Robert
name: Sharma, Nand Lal
name: Nie, Weijie
name: Hopfmann, Caspar
name: Schmidt, Oliver G.
name: Zopf, Michael
name: Ding, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconductor-based emitters of pairwise photonic entanglement are a promising constituent of photonic quantum technologies. They are known for the ability to generate discrete photonic states on-demand with low multiphoton emission, near-unity entanglement fidelity, and high single photon indistinguishability. However, quantum dots typically suffer from luminescence blinking, lowering the efficiency of the source and hampering their scalable application in quantum networks. In this paper, we investigate and adjust the intermittence of the neutral exciton emission in a GaAs/AlGaAs quantum dot under two-photon resonant excitation of the neutral biexciton. We investigate the spectral and quantum optical response of the quantum dot emission to an additional wavelength tunable gate laser, revealing blinking caused by the intrinsic Coulomb blockade due to charge capture processes. Our finding demonstrates that the emission quenching can be actively suppressed by controlling the balance of free electrons and holes in the vicinity of the quantum dot and thereby significantly increasing the quantum efficiency by 30%.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Food security assessment: The example of the Almaty Region
Creators: name: Irkitbayevaa, Assel
name: Jumadildayeva, Zhaniya
name: Abaidullayeva, Madina
name: Sissenov, Assel
name: Zakirova, Dilnara
Publisher: name: International Journal on Food System Dynamics
Year: 2024
Subjects: Agricultural production; sustainability; policy implications; environmental Impact

description: The study analysed the challenges to food security in the Almaty region and developed practical recommendations in this area, using the experience of other countries as an example. The developed model includes assessments of threats to food security in the Almaty region, monitoring of international experience in improving the regulation of food security issues, and practical application of innovative approaches to enterprise performance management, given the state of food security. This model includes theoretical and practical recommendations, in particular, a set of methods to protect the economy from the crisis.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 15, No 3 (2024): Country Issue: Kazakhstan
Influence of deep levels on the electrical transport properties of CdZnTeSe detectors
Creators: name: Rejhon, M
name: Franc, J
name: Dědič, V
name: Pekárek, J
name: Roy, U N
name: Grill, R
name: James, R B
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the influence of deep levels on the electrical transport properties of CdZnTeSe radiation detectors by comparing experimental data with numerical simulations based on simultaneous solution of drift-diffusion and Posisson equations, including the Shockley-Read-Hall model of the carrier trapping. We determined the Schottky barrier height and the Fermi level position from I-V measurements. We measured the time evolution of the electric field and the electrical current after application of a voltage bias. We observed that the electrical properties of CZTS are fundamentally governed by two deep levels close to the mid-bandgap - one recombination and one hole trap. We show that the hole trap indirectly increases the mobility-lifetime product of electrons. We conclude that the structure of deep levels in CZTS are favorable for high electrical charge transport.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
A Fully Self-Consistent Cosmological Simulation Pipeline for Interacting Dark Energy Models
Creators: name: Zhang, Jiajun
name: An, Rui
name: Liao, Shihong
name: Luo, Wentao
name: Li, Zhaozhou
name: Wang, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We devise a fully self-consistent simulation pipeline for the first time to study the interaction between dark matter and dark energy. We perform convergence tests and show that our code is accurate on different scales. Using the parameters constrained by Planck, Type Ia Supernovae, Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) and Hubble constant observations, we perform cosmological N-body simulations. We calculate the resulting matter power spectra and halo mass functions for four different interacting dark energy models. In addition to the dark matter density distribution, we also show the inhomogeneous density distribution of dark energy. With this new simulation pipeline, we can further refine and constrain interacting dark energy models.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, accepted by PRD
Proving exact values for the $2$-limited broadcast domination number on grid graphs
Creators: name: Slobodin, Aaron
name: MacGillivray, Gary
name: Myrvold, Wendy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish exact values for the $2$-limited broadcast domination number of various grid graphs, in particular $C_m\square C_n$ for $3 \leq m \leq 6$ and all $n\geq m$, $P_m \square C_3$ for all $m \geq 3$, and $P_m \square C_n$ for $4\leq m \leq 5$ and all $n \geq m$. We also produce periodically optimal values for $P_m \square C_4$ and $P_m \square C_6$ for $m \geq 3$, $P_4 \square P_n$ for $n \geq 4$, and $P_5 \square P_n$ for $n \geq 5$. Our method completes an exhaustive case analysis and eliminates cases by combining tools from linear programming with various mathematical proof techniques.
An exploratory analysis of U.S. FDA Class I medical device recalls: 2014–2018
Creators: name: Sarkissian, Alfred
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Medical device manufacturing and distribution is globalised; consequently, medical device failures pose serious but preventable global public health hazard. Moreover, a clear understanding of recalls will help firms improve their operations. This study examines 871 U.S. FDA Class I (i.e. most serious) medical device recalls, highlights the shortcomings of the recall reporting system and proposes recommendations for improvement. Top three recall reasons are: “packaging” (47.4%), “component” issues (14%) and “design” (13.3%). About 40% of recall events have mischaracterised or ambiguous “FDA Determined Cause”. Ninety-four firms are related to the recalls and the majority (78%) of the recall events emanate from U.S.-headquartered firms. Thirty-four firms (36%) have been acquired or are a subsidiary of another. Results also yield recommendations for improvement. The cause classification scheme needs revision and there might be a case for more than one classification scheme. Specifically, the “device design” cause designation is conflated with “component quality” issues. “Other”, “unknown” and “under investigation” designations should be replaced with real cause determinations. The effectiveness of “Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)” and the impact of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) on device quality should be examined. Devising a “recall severity measure” and improving and standardising the recalls database are other important issues. Results and recommendations may hold lessons for other jurisdictions as well.
A dynamical symmetry breaking model in Weyl space
Creators: name: Feoli, A.
name: Wood, W. R.
name: Papini, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical process following the breaking of Weyl geometry to Riemannian geometry is considered by studying the motion of de Sitter bubbles in a Weyl vacuum. The bubbles are given in terms of an exact, spherically symmetric thin shell solution to the Einstein equations in a Weyl-Dirac theory with a time-dependent scalar field of the form beta = f(t)/r. The dynamical solutions obtained lead to a number of possible applications. An important feature of the thin shell model is the manner in which beta provides a connection between the interior and exterior geometries since information about the exterior geometry is contained in the boundary conditions for beta.
description: 18 pages, RevTex, to be published in J. Math. Phys
Token Games and History-Deterministic Quantitative-Automata
Creators: name: Boker, Udi
name: Lehtinen, Karoliina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A nondeterministic automaton is history-deterministic if its nondeterminism can be resolved by only considering the prefix of the word read so far. Due to their good compositional properties, history-deterministic automata are useful in solving games and synthesis problems. Deciding whether a given nondeterministic automaton is history-deterministic (the HDness problem) is generally a difficult task, which can involve an exponential procedure, or even be undecidable, as is the case for example with pushdown automata. Token games provide a PTime solution to the HDness problem of Büchi and coBüchi automata, and it is conjectured that 2-token games characterise HDness for all $ω$-regular automata.
 We extend token games to the quantitative setting and analyse their potential to help deciding HDness of quantitative automata. In particular, we show that 1-token games characterise HDness for all quantitative (and Boolean) automata on finite words, as well as discounted-sum (DSum), Inf and Reachability automata on infinite words, and that 2-token games characterise HDness of LimInf and LimSup automata, as well as Sup automata on infinite words. Using these characterisations, we provide solutions to the HDness problem of Safety, Reachability, Inf and Sup automata on finite and infinite words in PTime, of DSum automata on finite and infinite words in NP$\cap$co-NP, of LimSup automata in quasipolynomial time, and of LimInf automata in exponential time, where the latter two are only polynomial for automata with a logarithmic number of weights.
Analyse dynamischer Reifeneigenschaften und deren Auswirkung auf den Schwingungskomfort
Creators: name: Kerber, Michael
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2019
Subjects: Reifen
Schwingungen
Steifigkeit
Tire
Vibration
Stiffness

description: In dieser Arbeit soll, auf dem Stand der Forschung und aktuellen Technik aufbauend, der fahrbahnerregte Schwingungskomfort mit dem Fokus auf der Komponente Reifen untersucht werden. Hierzu werden relevante Mess- und Untersuchungsmethoden vorgestellt. Abschließend erfolgt die Objektivierung der subjektiven Schwingungsbeurteilung anhand einer physikalischen Fahrzeuggröße, die im relevanten Frequenzbereich mit dem quantifizierten subjektiven Urteil statistisch korreliert.
Star Formation from Galaxies to Globules
Creators: name: Elmegreen, Bruce G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The empirical laws of star formation suggest that galactic-scale gravity is involved, but they do not identify the actual triggering mechanisms for clusters in the final stages. Many other triggering processes satisfy the empirical laws too, including turbulence compression and expanding shell collapse. The self-similar nature of the gas and associated young stars suggests that turbulence is more directly involved, but the small scale morphology of gas around most embedded clusters does not look like a random turbulent flow. Most clusters look triggered by other nearby stars. Such a prominent local influence makes it difficult to understand the universality of the Kennicutt and Schmidt laws on galactic scales. A unified view of multi-scale star formation avoids most of these problems. Ambient self-gravity produces spiral arms and drives much of the turbulence that leads to self-similar structures, while localized energy input from existing clusters and field supernovae triggers new clusters in pre-existing clouds. The hierarchical structure in the gas made by turbulence ensures that the triggering time scales with size, giving the Schmidt law over a wide range of scales and the size-duration correlation for young star fields. The efficiency of star formation is determined by the fraction of the gas above a critical density of around 10^5 m(H2)/cc. Star formation is saturated to its largest possible value given the fractal nature of the interstellar medium.
description: accepted for ApJ, 42 pages, Dannie Heineman prize lecture, January 2002
Unbiased Statistical Estimation and Valid Confidence Intervals Under Differential Privacy
Creators: name: Covington, Christian
name: He, Xi
name: Honaker, James
name: Kamath, Gautam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a method for producing unbiased parameter estimates and valid confidence intervals under the constraints of differential privacy, a formal framework for limiting individual information leakage from sensitive data. Prior work in this area is limited in that it is tailored to calculating confidence intervals for specific statistical procedures, such as mean estimation or simple linear regression. While other recent work can produce confidence intervals for more general sets of procedures, they either yield only approximately unbiased estimates, are designed for one-dimensional outputs, or assume significant user knowledge about the data-generating distribution. Our method induces distributions of mean and covariance estimates via the bag of little bootstraps (BLB) and uses them to privately estimate the parameters' sampling distribution via a generalized version of the CoinPress estimation algorithm. If the user can bound the parameters of the BLB-induced parameters and provide heavier-tailed families, the algorithm produces unbiased parameter estimates and valid confidence intervals which hold with arbitrarily high probability. These results hold in high dimensions and for any estimation procedure which behaves nicely under the bootstrap.
Dissipative Collapse Through the Critical Point
Creators: name: Herrera, L.
name: Martinez, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A relativistic model of a heat conducting collapsing star, which includes thermal pre-relaxation processes, is presented. Particular attention is paid to the influence of a given parameter defined in terms of thermodynamic variables, on the outcome of evolution. Evaluation of the system when passing through a critical value of the aforesaid parameter, does not yield evidence of anomalous behaviour.
description: 14 pages, 12 Postscript figures. Emtex 2.09 To appear in Astrophysics and Space Science
On Small Types in Univalent Foundations
Creators: name: de Jong, Tom
name: Escardó, Martín Hötzel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate predicative aspects of constructive univalent foundations. By predicative and constructive, we respectively mean that we do not assume Voevodsky's propositional resizing axioms or excluded middle. Our work complements existing work on predicative mathematics by exploring what cannot be done predicatively in univalent foundations. Our first main result is that nontrivial (directed or bounded) complete posets are necessarily large. That is, if such a nontrivial poset is small, then weak propositional resizing holds. It is possible to derive full propositional resizing if we strengthen nontriviality to positivity. The distinction between nontriviality and positivity is analogous to the distinction between nonemptiness and inhabitedness. Moreover, we prove that locally small, nontrivial (directed or bounded) complete posets necessarily lack decidable equality. We prove our results for a general class of posets, which includes e.g. directed complete posets, bounded complete posets, sup-lattices and frames. Secondly, the fact that these nontrivial posets are necessarily large has the important consequence that Tarski's theorem (and similar results) cannot be applied in nontrivial instances. Furthermore, we explain that generalizations of Tarski's theorem that allow for large structures are provably false by showing that the ordinal of ordinals in a univalent universe has small suprema in the presence of set quotients. The latter also leads us to investigate the inter-definability and interaction of type universes of propositional truncations and set quotients, as well as a set replacement principle. Thirdly, we clarify, in our predicative setting, the relation between the traditional definition of sup-lattice that requires suprema for all subsets and our definition that asks for suprema of all small families.
Assessing the impact of innovations in the food industry on labour productivity
Creators: name: Mukhametzhanova, Zhadyra
name: Aliyeva, Baglan
name: Mukhametzhanova, Zhanar
name: Satbaeva, Gulbarshyn
name: Karimova, Madina
Publisher: name: International Journal on Food System Dynamics
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technological efficiency; qualitative growth; food production; econometric model; medium-sized enterprise

description: The research aims to assess the degree of dependence between innovation and productivity of medium-sized enterprises to further improve Kazakhstan’s innovation policy and identify ways to implement it. In the process, methods of analysis were used with the help of an open-source statistical program “gretl”, and data comparison from the position of positive innovation effect concerning the segment of medium-sized enterprises. The results demonstrate that innovation (production and process) is positively influenced by the internal costs of research and development, as well as the availability of patents and the size of the enterprise itself.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 15, No 3 (2024): Country Issue: Kazakhstan
Seasonal evolution of temperatures in Titan's lower stratosphere
Creators: name: Sylvestre, M.
name: Teanby, N. A.
name: d'Ollone, J. Vatant
name: Vinatier, S.
name: Bézard, B.
name: Lebonnois, S.
name: Irwin, P. G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cassini mission offered us the opportunity to monitor the seasonal evolution of Titan's atmosphere from 2004 to 2017, i.e. half a Titan year. The lower part of the stratosphere (pressures greater than 10 mbar) is a region of particular interest as there are few available temperature measurements, and because its thermal response to the seasonal and meridional insolation variations undergone by Titan remains poorly known. In this study, we measure temperatures in Titan's lower stratosphere between 6 mbar and 25 mbar using Cassini/CIRS spectra covering the whole duration of the mission (from 2004 to 2017) and the whole latitude range. We can thus characterize the meridional distribution of temperatures in Titan's lower stratosphere, and how it evolves from northern winter (2004) to summer solstice (2017). Our measurements show that Titan's lower stratosphere undergoes significant seasonal changes, especially at the South pole, where temperature decreases by 19 K at 15 mbar in 4 years.