cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Knapsack Voting for Participatory Budgeting
Creators: name: Goel, Ashish
name: Krishnaswamy, Anilesh K.
name: Sakshuwong, Sukolsak
name: Aitamurto, Tanja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We address the question of aggregating the preferences of voters in the context of participatory budgeting. We scrutinize the voting method currently used in practice, underline its drawbacks, and introduce a novel scheme tailored to this setting, which we call "Knapsack Voting". We study its strategic properties - we show that it is strategy-proof under a natural model of utility (a dis-utility given by the $\ell_1$ distance between the outcome and the true preference of the voter), and "partially" strategy-proof under general additive utilities. We extend Knapsack Voting to more general settings with revenues, deficits or surpluses, and prove a similar strategy-proofness result. To further demonstrate the applicability of our scheme, we discuss its implementation on the digital voting platform that we have deployed in partnership with the local government bodies in many cities across the nation. From voting data thus collected, we present empirical evidence that Knapsack Voting works well in practice.
Local image descriptors for biometric liveness detection
Creators: name: Gragnaniello, Diego
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: L'argomento scelto riguarda la classificazione delle immagini tramite descrittori locali e più in particolare le applicazioni ai sistemi di classificazione biometrica. I descrittori locali sono largamente utilizzati in vari ambiti della Computer Vision. Vengono calcolati per ogni pixel dell'immagine e sono in grado di descrivere in maniera accurata classi di immagini tramite istogrammi. A partire da questi descrittori ricchi di informazioni, classificatori potenti presi in prestito dal Machine Learning sono in grado di apprendere i modelli statistici delle classi del problema in esame. Dunque uno stesso descrittore locale che cattura determinate relazioni tra un pixel ed il suo vicinato può essere applicato con successo in diversi ambiti a patto di avere ogni volta una quantità sufficiente di campioni per apprendere i modelli statistici delle classi.
Le applicazioni di questo approccio sono molteplici, durante il mio dottorato mi sono occupato dei sistemi di autenticazione basati su biometrie (come le impronte digitali, l'iride, le vene o l'intero volto). Tali sistemi, che attualmente stanno subendo una notevole diffusione, si è visto come sia relativamente semplice attaccare questi sistemi accedendo con le credenziali di un'altra persona. E' necessario dunque una fase di Liveness Detection che attesti l'autenticità del tratto biometrico presentato in ingresso al sensore prima ancora di individuare l'utente a cui esso appartenga.

Nell'ambito della Liveness Detection sono stati affrontati diversi tipi di attacchi a sistemi basati sulla scansione delle impronte digitali, delle vene delle dita, dell'iride e della faccia. In particolare è stato proposto un nuovo descrittore locale, denominato LCPD (Local Contrast Phase Descriptor) progettato per le impronte digitali e che utilizza informazioni complementari di ampiezza e fase dell'immagine sotto test. Inoltre è stato proposto un nuovo approccio che fa uso di un descrittore proposto recentemente (SID, Scale Invariant Descriptor) e dell'approccio Bag of Words per ottenere un descrittore molto versatile, in grado di raggiungere (ed in diversi casi superare) l'attuale stato dell'arte nella maggior parte delle applicazioni biometriche considerate. In altri casi sono stati uniti descrittori differenti, provenienti da altri ambiti di ricerca, oppure sono stati modificati descrittori già noti in letteratura, per risolvere con successo il problema della liveness detection.
Advancement on Security Applications of Private Intersection Sum Protocol
Creators: name: Raghuvir, Yuvaraj Athur
name: Govindarajan, Senthil
name: Vijayakumar, Sanjeevi
name: Yadlapalli, Pradeep
name: Di Troia, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Secure computation protocols combine inputs from involved parties to generate an output while keeping their inputs private. Private Set Intersection (PSI) is a secure computation protocol that allows two parties, who each hold a set of items, to learn the intersection of their sets without revealing anything else about the items. Private Intersection Sum (PIS) extends PSI when the two parties want to learn the cardinality of the intersection, as well as the sum of the associated integer values for each identifier in the intersection, but nothing more. Finally, Private Join and Compute (PJC) is a scalable extension of PIS protocol to help organizations work together with confidential data sets. The extensions proposed in this paper include: (a) extending PJC protocol to additional data columns and applying columnar aggregation based on supported homomorphic operations, (b) exploring Ring Learning with Errors (RLWE) homomorphic encryption schemes to apply arithmetic operations such as sum and sum of squares, (c) ensuring stronger security using mutual authentication of communicating parties using certificates, and (d) developing a Website to operationalize such a service offering. We applied our results to develop a Proof-of-Concept solution called JingBing, a voter list validation service that allows different states to register, acquire secure communication modules, install it, and then conduct authenticated peer-to-peer communication. We conclude our paper with directions for future research to make such a solution scalable for practical real-life scenarios.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, conference proceeding
Accretion Disk Spectra of the Brightest Ultra-luminous X-ray Source in M82
Creators: name: Yuan, Feng
name: Misra, Ronald E. Taam R.
name: Wu, Xue-Bing
name: Xue, Yongquan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Emission spectra of hot accretion disks characteristic of advection dominated accretion flow (ADAF) models are investigated for comparison with the brightest ultra-luminous source, X-1, in the galaxy M82. If the spectral state of the source is similar to the low luminosity hard state of stellar mass black holes in our Galaxy, a fit to the {\it Chandra} X-ray spectrum and constraints from the radio and infrared upper limits, require a black hole mass in the range of $9 \times 10^4 - 5 \times 10^5 \msun$. Lower black hole masses ($\la 10^4 \msun$) are possible if M82 X-1 corresponds to the high luminosity hard state of Galactic black hole X-ray binary sources. Both of these spectrally degenerate hot accretion disk solutions lead to an intermediate mass black hole interpretation for M82 X-1. Since these solutions have different spectral variability with X-ray luminosity and predict different infrared emission, they can be distinguished by future off axis {\it Chandra} observations or simultaneous sensitive infrared detections.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures; accepted by ApJ
Low-momentum interactions in three- and four-nucleon scattering
Creators: name: Deltuva, A.
name: Fonseca, A. C.
name: Bogner, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low momentum two-nucleon interactions obtained with the renormalization group method and the similarity renormalization group method are used to study the cutoff dependence of low energy 3N and 4N scattering observables. The residual cutoff dependence arises from omitted short-ranged 3N (and higher) forces that are induced by the renormalization group transformations, and may help to estimate the sensitivity of various 3N and 4N scattering observables to short-ranged many-body forces.
description: 5 pages, 8 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. C
Two-dimensional electron-hole system under the influence of the Chern-Simons gauge field created by the quantum point vortices
Creators: name: Moskalenko, S. A.
name: Moskalenko, V. A.
name: Podlesny, I. V.
name: Liberman, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work the Chern-Simons(C-S) gauge field theory developed by Jackiw and Pi [1] and widely used to explain the fractional quantum Hall effects, was applied to describe the two-dimensional (2D) electron-hole (e-h) system in a strong perpendicular magnetic field under the influence of the quantum point vortices creating the Chern-Simons(C-S) gauge field. The composite particles formed by electrons and by holes with equal integer positive numbers of the attached quantum point vortices are described by the dressed field operators, which obey to the Fermi or to the Bose statistics depending on the even or odd numbers . It is shown that the phase operators as well as the vector and the scalar potentials of the C-S gauge field depend on the difference of the electron and of the hole density operators. They vanish in the mean field approximation, when the average values of the electron and of the whole densities coincide. Nevertheless, even in this case, the quantum fluctuations of the C-S gauge field lead to new physics of the 2D e-h system.
description: 28 pages
Relying on the unreliable sea : a study of tuna fishing in Viet Nam
Creators: name: Ho, Thu Lan
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Tuna fishing Vietnam
subject: Longlining (Fisheries) Vietnam
subject: Fishing boats Vietnam
subject: Fishers Vietnam

description: It can be said that overfishing is the problem of ""too many boats chasing too few fish"". One can then question how fishing boats get developed in the first place, and what influences people to invest in boats. This research aims to approach this question of boat development, from the perspective of boatowners, in the context of Vietnamese tuna longline fishing industry. It aims to better understand tuna fishers' decision to acquire their first fishing boat, to reinvest in fishing boats, and the elements of resource sustainability that the fishers consider. This research employed a constructivist grounded theory method using qualitative data generated from interviews, observation and collected documents. In-depth face-to-face interviews were carried out with 28 tuna-fishing boat-owners and 44 other participants closely involved in the tuna fishing industry. Fieldwork was conducted mainly in three tuna-fishing provinces in Vietnam (Binh Dinh, Phu Yen, Khanh Hoa) during 2010-2012. Data analysis was conducted through two stages of coding, generating themes from the data and reporting propositions. The study finds that the decision of fishers to acquire their first fishing boat is, primarily, a commitment to work long-term as a fisher. Notably, fishers seem to self-select themselves into the occupation of fishing before they acquire their first boat; career identity is an important source of motivation for acquiring a boat. Aside from that fishers are also motivated by financial rewards and job satisfaction of fishing. The study examines two types of fishers' reinvestment activities: expanding their own boats, and acquiring extra boats. In both types fishers' reinvestments in boats are aimed at bringing about larger profit and strengthening their career identity and success. Fishers tend to expand and improve their own boats before getting extra boats. However they face the challenges of capital availability, profitability, personnel and resource concerns when considering reinvestment. The study finds that fishers develop certain dependence on the fish resource. Given the unpredictability of fish landings, fishers maintain commitment to their fishing occupation, expanding boats and increasing their fishing effort to improve their income. While considering oceanic tuna as viable stock for the medium term, fishers are, to some extent, prepared to switch to other fisheries. Fishers do not wish for their children to pursue the occupation of fishing.
Eclipsing binaries observed with the WIRE satellite I. Discovery and photometric analysis of the new bright A0IV eclipsing binary Psi Centauri
Creators: name: Bruntt, H.
name: Southworth, J.
name: Torres, G.
name: Penny, A. J.
name: Clausen, J. V.
name: Buzasi, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determinations of stellar mass and radius with realistic uncertainties at the level of 1% provide important constraints on models of stellar structure and evolution. We present a high-precision light curve of the A0IV star Psi Centauri, from the star tracker on board the WIRE satellite and the Solar Mass Ejection Imager camera on the Coriolis spacecraft. The data show that Psi Cen is an eccentric eclipsing binary system with a relatively long orbital period. The WIRE light curve extends over 28.7 nights and contains 41334 observations with 2 mmag point-to-point scatter. The eclipse depths are 0.28 and 0.16 mag, and show that the two eclipsing components of Psi Cen have very different radii. As a consequence, the secondary eclipse is total. We find the eccentricity to be e=0.55 with an orbital period of 38.8 days from combining the WIRE light curve with data taken over two years from the Solar Mass Ejection Imager camera. We have fitted the light curve with EBOP and have assessed the uncertainties of the resulting parameters using Monte Carlo simulations. The fractional radii of the stars and the inclination of the orbit have random errors of only 0.1% and 0.01 degrees, respectively, but the systematic uncertainty in these quantities may be somewhat larger. We have used photometric calibrations to estimate the effective temperatures of the components of Psi Cen to be 10450+-300 and 8800+-300 K, indicating masses of about 3.1 and 2.0 Msun. There is evidence in the WIRE light curve for g-mode pulsations in the primary star.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in A&A. Photometric data will be made available at the CDS once the final version appears. The resolution in Fig. 1 has been reduced
Potency of inhibitors depend upon the accessibility of their aromatic rings within the hydrophobic specificity pocket: A novel avenue for future Aldose reductase inhibitor design
Creators: name: Khan, Saif
name: Somvanshi, Pallavi
name: Singh, Aditi
name: Mahvish Khan
name: Mandal, Raju K.
name: Sajad A. Dar
name: Mohd Wahid
name: Jawed, Arshad
name: Bhartendu Nath Mishra
name: Shafiul Haque
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Potency of inhibitors depend upon the accessibility of their aromatic rings within the hydrophobic specificity pocket: A novel avenue for future Aldose reductase inhibitor design
Human Pose Transfer by Adaptive Hierarchical Deformation
Creators: name: Zhang, Jinsong
name: Liu, Xingzi
name: Li, Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Human pose transfer, as a misaligned image generation task, is very challenging. Existing methods cannot effectively utilize the input information, which often fail to preserve the style and shape of hair and clothes. In this paper, we propose an adaptive human pose transfer network with two hierarchical deformation levels. The first level generates human semantic parsing aligned with the target pose, and the second level generates the final textured person image in the target pose with the semantic guidance. To avoid the drawback of vanilla convolution that treats all the pixels as valid information, we use gated convolution in both two levels to dynamically select the important features and adaptively deform the image layer by layer. Our model has very few parameters and is fast to converge. Experimental results demonstrate that our model achieves better performance with more consistent hair, face and clothes with fewer parameters than state-of-the-art methods. Furthermore, our method can be applied to clothing texture transfer.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures. Code is available at https://github.com/Zhangjinso/PINet_PG
Schopenhauer and beckett : theatre of asceticism
Creators: name: Thomas, Martin Lee
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018

description: It is the central argument of this thesis that the plays Waiting for Godot, Endgame, and Happy Days are Schopenhauerian-informed, Beckettian theatre of asceticism. By proposing this understanding of Beckettian tragedy, this work presents a challenge to the life-affirming reading of Beckettian art presented by Adorno, Cavell, Deleuze, Critchley, and Badiou, for whom Beckett's work exemplifies art's capacity to provide genuine resistance to nihilism. In contrast to the life-affirming interpretation of Beckett's work, I believe the spectator to the performance of these three Beckettian tragedies witnesses something unique in the history of theatre: deliberately generated, self-inflicted physical and mental suffering undertaken with the intention of attaining a painless, will-less, state. Beckett is the first tragedian to stage ascetic practice where, in Schopenhauerian terms, the human intellect refuses the agreeable and, instead, looks for disagreeable in its attempts to break the will. To understand Beckett's contribution to asceticism, it is vital that we understand Beckett's work in relation to Schopenhauer, Beckett's most important ascetic predecessor. In the process of developing his own ascetic method - that of representational deprivation - Beckett utilizes and develops the central aspects of Schopenhauer's philosophical system. By so doing, Beckett incorporates both ascetic and non-ascetic elements of Schopenhauerian philosophy into his own ascetic thought. These non-ascetic elements include Schopenhauer's understanding of the dynamically sublime, the experience of boredom, and the conception of the self as that comprised of willing and knowing subjects. Only by understanding the foundation upon which Beckettian asceticism is built can one then also appreciate the significant development of asceticism that one finds in Beckettian tragedy. On the Beckettian stage, one witnesses the practice of a variety of ascetic methods which focus on inhibiting the body, methods such as self-mortification, fasting, poverty, and celibacy. With a long history of implementation, these ascetic methods may be referred to as 'traditional' asceticism. It is this version of asceticism that Schopenhauer discusses at length in the Fourth Book of The World as Will and Representation. In addition to the depiction of traditional asceticism, Beckett employs the artistic medium of tragedy to display the effectiveness of radical ascetic methods of his own devising. These 'Beckettian' ascetic methods, which operate in conjunction with traditional methods, focus on depriving the will - that perpetually striving aspect of the self (WWR 1: 164-5) - of the knowledge that it requires to strive. In its attempts to attain the will-quieted state of 'nothingness', Beckettian asceticism starves the mind as much as it starves the body.
The medium in heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Dremin, I. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nuclear index of refraction, the density of partons, their free path length and energy loss in the matter created in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC are estimated within the suggestion that the emission of Cherenkov gluons is responsible for the observed two-bump structure of the angular distribution of hadrons belonging to the companion (away-side) jet.
description: 3 pages, 1 Figure
Deep Video Codec Control for Vision Models
Creators: name: Reich, Christoph
name: Debnath, Biplob
name: Patel, Deep
name: Prangemeier, Tim
name: Cremers, Daniel
name: Chakradhar, Srimat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Standardized lossy video coding is at the core of almost all real-world video processing pipelines. Rate control is used to enable standard codecs to adapt to different network bandwidth conditions or storage constraints. However, standard video codecs (e.g., H.264) and their rate control modules aim to minimize video distortion w.r.t. human quality assessment. We demonstrate empirically that standard-coded videos vastly deteriorate the performance of deep vision models. To overcome the deterioration of vision performance, this paper presents the first end-to-end learnable deep video codec control that considers both bandwidth constraints and downstream deep vision performance, while adhering to existing standardization. We demonstrate that our approach better preserves downstream deep vision performance than traditional standard video coding.
description: Accepted at CVPR 2024 Workshop on AI for Streaming (AIS)
Pharmacophore-guided fragment-based design of novel mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors: Extra precision docking, fingerprint-based 2D and atom-based 3D-QSAR modelling
Creators: name: Kumar, Avinash
name: Sudhanshu Rai
name: Rathi, Ekta
name: Paridhi Agarwal
name: Suvarna G. Kini
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Rapamycin and their derivatives known as rapalogs, were the first-generation mTOR inhibitors which interacted with mTORC1 but not with the mTORC2 protein. Second-generation inhibitors could bind with both and showed excellent anti-proliferative activity. Our aim was to design novel mTOR inhibitors which could bind at both the allosteric and the kinase site. The FRB domain is present in both the mTORC1 and mTORC2 protein complexes. We have employed e-pharmacophore-guided fragment-based design to develop novel mTOR inhibitors. The affinity of designed molecules at both the sites was analyzed using molecular docking in extra precision mode. The atom-based 3D-QSAR model was developed to predict the activity while the fingerprint-based 2D-QSAR model was employed to refine an identified hit as potent dual mTOR inhibitor. Ligand ASK23 showed a docking score of -15.452 kcal/mol at the allosteric site (PDB ID 5GPG) while ASK38 showed a docking score of -11.535 kcal/mol at the kinase site (PDB ID 4JT6). Ligand ASK12 showed binding energy of -106.23 kcal/mol at the allosteric site. Refined molecule ASK12a from ASK12 showed the highest predicted activity (pIC50: 6.512). The stability of the best hits and receptor complex was analyzed using molecular dynamics simulation studies. Herein we report five potential mTOR dual inhibitors based on the predicted activity, drug-likeness analysis and off-target effects. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on pharmacophore-guided fragment-based drug design for mTOR inhibitors. This design strategy can be used for the rational drug design against other proteins for which only apo-structures are available.
A holonomy characterisation of Fefferman spaces
Creators: name: Cap, Andreas
name: Gover, A. Rod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C29, 53C25, 53A40, 32V05

description: We prove that Fefferman spaces, associated to non--degenerate CR structures of hypersurface type, are characterised, up to local conformal isometry, by the existence of a parallel orthogonal complex structure on the standard tractor bundle. This condition can be equivalently expressed in terms of conformal holonomy. Extracting from this picture the essential consequences at the level of tensor bundles yields an improved, conformally invariant analogue of Sparling's characterisation of Fefferman spaces.
description: AMSLaTeX, 15 pages
Functional Deutsch Uncertainty Principle
Creators: name: Krishna, K. Mahesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42C15

description: Let $\{f_j\}_{j=1}^n$ and $\{g_k\}_{k=1}^m$ be Parseval p-frames for a finite dimensional Banach space $\mathcal{X}$. Then we show that \begin{align} (1) \quad\quad\quad\quad \log (nm)\geq S_f (x)+S_g (x)\geq -p \log \left(\displaystyle\sup_{y \in \mathcal{X}_f\cap \mathcal{X}_g, \|y\|=1}\left(\max_{1\leq j\leq n, 1\leq k\leq m}|f_j(y)g_k(y)|\right)\right), \quad \forall x \in \mathcal{X}_f\cap \mathcal{X}_g, \end{align} where \begin{align*} &\mathcal{X}_f:= \{z\in \mathcal{X}: f_j(z)\neq 0, 1\leq j \leq n\}, \quad \mathcal{X}_g:= \{w\in \mathcal{X}: g_k(w)\neq 0, 1\leq k \leq m\},\\ &S_f (x):= -\sum_{j=1}^{n}\left|f_j\left(\frac{x}{\|x\|}\right)\right|^p\log \left|f_j\left(\frac{x}{\|x\|}\right)\right|^p, \quad S_g (x):= -\sum_{k=1}^{m}\left|g_k\left(\frac{x}{\|x\|}\right)\right|^p\log \left|g_k\left(\frac{x}{\|x\|}\right)\right|^p, \quad \forall x \in \mathcal{X}_g. \end{align*} We call Inequality (1) as \textbf{Functional Deutsch Uncertainty Principle}. For Hilbert spaces, we show that Inequality (1) reduces to the uncertainty principle obtained by Deutsch \textit{[Phys. Rev. Lett., 1983]}. We also derive a dual of Inequality (1).
description: 7 Pages, 0 Figures
Knowledge, nature, and representation : clearings for conservation in the Maine Woods
Creators: name: Demeritt, David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis concerns the cultural and scientific practices involved with turn-of-the-century struggles to conserve the Maine Woods. Conservation was underwritten by the powerful and productive fiction that an essential nature exists as something completely apart from the elaborately organized exhibitions by which it has been staged for our benefit. The absolute distinction between nature and culture is profoundly problematic but tremendously productive as well. Drawing on a variety of historical and theoretical sources, this thesis describes the various ways in which the essential nature of the Maine Woods was set up and represented as something demanding protection and conservation. The thesis is divided into three parts. Part I sets the stage for the historical discussions that follow by assessing debates in geography and environmental history about the social construction of knowledge and nature. Recent scholarship has been caught on the horns of a theoretical dilemma: while understanding of the present environmental crisis and its historical roots seems to demand recognition of the independent agency of nature, social theory suggests the impossibility of stepping outside the bounds of culture to represent an independent nature as it really is. Different responses to this dilemma are discussed. It is argued that environmental critique demands a more humble approach to truth, one sensitive to the meanings of its metaphors and the politics of its practices. Part II assesses the forest conservation movement. The objects of scientific forestry depended fundamentally upon the ways in which the forest was framed as an object of knowledge. Very different programs of action flowed from competing metaphorical definitions of the Maine Woods as a crop, a mine, or a kind of capital. The ascendency of technical and quantitative knowledge of the forest and its displacement of local understandings are described as are public policy disputes in Maine about the regulation of private property, the institution of publicly owned forest reserves, and the role of the state in forestry. Part in deals with the conservation of wildlife for sport. Flocking to the forest to hunt, wealthy sportsmen articulated a variety of sexual, class, and racial anxieties about the debilitating embrace of modern life. The transfomation of the Maine Woods into a vacationland for their manly recreation demanded the institution of game laws and the criminalization of traditional lifeways to save the game for sport. In these struggles, conservationists had to contend not only with local residents, who resisted this construction of the Maine Woods, but also with a variety of non-human actors, such as deer, predators, and pathogens, whose presence, though difficult to deny outright, was culturally framed and mediated in materially significant ways.
The relevance of pion-exchange contributions versus contact terms in the chiral effective field theory description of nucleon-nucleon scattering
Creators: name: Alanazi, H.
name: Machleidt, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard way to demonstrate the relevance of chiral symmetry for the NN interaction is to consider higher partial waves of NN scattering which are controlled entirely by chiral pion-exchanges (since contacts vanish). However, in applications of NN-potentials to nuclear structure and reactions, the lower partial waves are the important ones, making the largest contributions. Lower partial waves are sensitive to the short-range potential, and so, when the short-range contacts were to dominate over the chiral pion-contributions in lower partial waves, then the predictions from "chiral potentials" would have little to do with chiral symmetry. To address this issue, we investigate systematically the role of the (chiral) one- and two-pion exchanges, on the one hand, and the effect of the contacts, on the other hand, in the lower partial waves of NN scattering. We are able to clearly identify the signature of chiral symmetry in lower partial waves. Our study has also a pedagogical spin-off as it demonstrates in detail how the reproduction of the lower partial-wave phase shifts comes about from the various ingredients of the theory.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures
Trust and self-disclosure
Creators: name: Lim, Li
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: BF697.5.S427 L56 2011
subject: Self-disclosure
subject: Trust
subject: Intergroup relations

description: My research focus is on intergroup self-disclosure and the roles of trust and impression management in these cross-group communication contexts. This research is grounded in the theoretical understandings of the Social Identity and Self-Categorization theories, both of which have been widely applied in explaining and predicting various forms of social or group-level behaviour. This research initially looked at identifying the role of trust in influencing people's self-disclosing behaviours. Specifically, I wanted to determine how trust in strangers can be formed on the basis of shared social group-memberships and how this would impact upon people's self-disclosure patterns. While previous research in this area of group-based trust in strangers was primarily conducted within the domain of outcome-based decisions, such as the distribution of valued resources, I wanted to extend this work to the domain of self-disclosure. Through the five empirical studies reported in this thesis, I demonstrated that people's intentions and actual self-disclosing behaviours are highly determined by their self-perceptions within these interaction situations. Specifically, if people see themselves in terms of a particular group membership (i.e. Australian, student, woman, young person) within an intergroup interaction context, their communicative behaviours will reflect the norms and values of that particular social group. Communication intentions and behaviours, therefore, will be guided predominantly by the interests of the salient social in-group, and those of the interacting parties, as group members, rather than the interests of the specific individuals. Based upon preliminary findings from my first two studies, I went on to argue that people's willingness to self-disclose in an intergroup interaction situation may be highly determined by their desires to project a positive image of the salient in-group to an out-group audience. Intergroup disclosure, therefore, may be characterized by an increase in willingness to share information that portrays the salient social in-group in a positive light, whilst at the same time withholding information that would paint a negative impression of the in-group.
Renormalized Kaluza-Klein theories
Creators: name: Álvarez, Enrique
name: Faedo, Antón F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using six-dimensional quantum electrodynamics ($QED_6$) as an example we study the one-loop renormalization of the theory both from the six and four-dimensional points of view. Our main conclusion is that the properly renormalized four dimensional theory never forgets its higher dimensional origin. In particular, the coefficients of the neccessary extra counterterms in the four dimensional theory are determined in a precise way. We check our results by studying the reduction of $QED_4$ on a two-torus.
description: LaTeX, 36 pages. A new section added; references improved, typos fixed
In silico search of triple mutant T790M/C797S allosteric inhibitors to conquer acquired resistance problem in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): a combined approach of structure-based virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation
Creators: name: Patel, Harun M.
name: Iqrar Ahmad
name: Pawara, Rahul
name: Matin Shaikh
name: Surana, Sanjay
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Third generation EGFR inhibitor osimertinib was approved as the first-line treatment for EGFR T790M mutation-positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients in 2017. However, EGFR tertiary Cys797 to Ser797 (C797S) point mutation emanate rapidly after treatment of osimertinib, which is undruggable mutation to the all existing drugs. Recently, EAI045 fourth-generation allosteric EGFR inhibitor has been reported, which binds away from the ATP-binding site and not rely on Cys 797 binding. Here, we are reporting compound ZINC20531199 by virtual based screening studies as allosteric inhibitor to overcome the EGFR T790M/C797S Tyrosine Kinase (TK) mutation problem. Molecular Dynamics simulation for 10 ns further suggested that docked compound ZINC20531199 was stable into the allosteric pocket of the C797S EGFR tyrosine kinase. In silico pharmacokinetic predictions of the virtually screened compounds are within the defined range described for human use. Results indicate that the virtual screened compounds could be potential leads for the further development of new allosteric EGFR T790M/C797S inhibitors to overcome the problem of drug resistance. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Two-Moment Neutrino Flavor Transformation with applications to the Fast Flavor Instability in Neutron Star Mergers
Creators: name: Grohs, Evan
name: Richers, Sherwood
name: Couch, Sean M.
name: Foucart, Francois
name: Froustey, Julien
name: Kneller, Jim
name: McLaughlin, Gail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-messenger astrophysics has produced a wealth of data with much more to come in the future. This enormous data set will reveal new insights into the physics of core collapse supernovae, neutron star mergers, and many other objects where it is actually possible, if not probable, that new physics is in operation. To tease out different possibilities, we will need to analyze signals from photons, neutrinos, gravitational waves, and chemical elements. This task is made all the more difficult when it is necessary to evolve the neutrino component of the radiation field and associated quantum-mechanical property of flavor in order to model the astrophysical system of interest -- a numerical challenge that has not been addressed to this day. In this work, we take a step in this direction by adopting the technique of angular-integrated moments with a truncated tower of dynamical equations and a closure, convolving the flavor-transformation with spatial transport to evolve the neutrino radiation quantum field. We show that moments capture the dynamical features of fast flavor instabilities in a variety of systems, although our technique is by no means a universal blueprint for solving fast flavor transformation. To evaluate the effectiveness of our moment results, we compare to a more precise particle-in-cell method. Based on our results, we propose areas for improvement and application to complementary techniques in the future.
description: Version accepted by Astrophysical Journal. 33 pages, 5 tables, 16 figures
Local rules for fabricating allosteric networks
Creators: name: Pashine, Nidhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanical properties of disordered networks can be significantly tailored by modifying a small fraction of their bonds. This procedure has been used to design and build mechanical metamaterials with a variety of responses. A long-range 'allosteric' response, where a localized input strain at one site gives rise to a localized output strain at a distant site, has been of particular interest. This work presents a novel approach to incorporating allosteric responses in experimental systems by pruning disordered networks $\textit{in-situ}$. Previous work has relied on computer simulations to design and predict the response of such systems using a cost function where the response of the entire network to each bond removal is used at each step to determine which bond to prune. It is not feasible to follow such a design protocol in experiments where one has access only to local response at each site. This paper presents design algorithms that allow determination of what bonds to prune based purely on the local stresses in the network without employing a cost function; using only local information, allosteric networks are designed in simulations and then built out of real materials. The results show that some pruning strategies work better than others when translated into an experimental system. A method is presented to measure local stresses experimentally in disordered networks. This approach is then used to implement pruning methods to design desired responses $\textit{in-situ}$. Results from these experiments confirm that the pruning methods are robust and work in a real laboratory material.
Computational Identification of Natural Product Leads that Inhibit Mast Cell Chymase: An Exclusive Plausible Treatment for Japanese Encephalitis
Creators: name: Kant, Kamal
name: Rawat, Ravi
name: Vipin Bhati
name: Shailesh Bhosale
name: Dalchand Sharma
name: Subham Banerjee
name: Anoop Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: A recent research has identified chymase, a mast cell-specific protease as an exclusive novel therapeutic target to prevent Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) induced encephalitis. Interestingly, JEV activates mast cell specific chymase during its penetration through blood brain barrier (BBB) which eventually guide to viral encephalitis. Hence, in this study, natural chemical entities (NCE) from multiple databases (MPD3, TIPDB and MTDP) were virtually screened for their binding affinity as chymase inhibitors, a promising negotiator for prolong survival against JEV tempted encephalitis. Merged computational programs, Maestro software, QikProp, ProTox and Gromacs were applied to screen the NCEs against target receptor (PDB: 4KP0). Three hits (C00008437, C00014417 and 8141903) were identified after employing a series of sieves such as High Throughput Virtual Screening (HTVS), Standard precision (SP) and Xtra precision (XP) molecular docking simulations followed by desired pharmacokinetic-toxicity profile predictions and molecular dynamics (MD) examinations. Maestro simulations resulted in best three binding energy scores as -11.992 kcal/mol (first ranked; C00008437), -11.673 kcal/mol (second ranked; C00014417) and -11.456 kcal/mol (third ranked; 8141903), respectively. The top three hits revealed an ideal range of pharmacokinetic and toxicity descriptors values. In addition, MD simulations enabled us to confirm top hits higher selectivity toward chymase receptor. In conclusion, this might potentially represent remarkable novel classes with an effective chymase mediated treatment to combat JEV induced encephalitis, which need to justify with further detail studies.
Omega meson production in pp collisions with a polarized beam
Creators: name: Balasubramanyam, J.
name: Venkataraya
name: Ramachandran, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Model independent formulae are derived for the beam analyzing power $A_y$ and beam to meson spin transfers in $pp \to pp ω$ taking into consideration all the six threshold partial wave amplitudes covering the $Ss, Sp$ and $Ps$ channels. Attention is also focussed on the empirical determination of the lowest three partial wave amplitudes $f_1, f_2, f_3$ without any discrete ambiguities.
description: 5 pages, Latex 2e
The Cosmic Microwave Background and the Ionization History of the Universe
Creators: name: Lewis, Antony
name: Weller, Jochen
name: Battye, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Details of how the primordial plasma recombined and how the universe later reionized are currently somewhat uncertain. This uncertainty can restrict the accuracy of cosmological parameter measurements from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). More positively, future CMB data can be used to constrain the ionization history using observations. We first discuss how current uncertainties in the recombination history impact parameter constraints, and show how suitable parameterizations can be used to obtain unbiased parameter estimates from future data. Some parameters can be constrained robustly, however there is clear motivation to model recombination more accurately with quantified errors. We then discuss constraints on the ionization fraction binned in redshift during reionization. Perfect CMB polarization data could in principle distinguish different histories that have the same optical depth. We discuss how well the Planck satellite may be able to constrain the ionization history, and show the currently very weak constraints from WMAP three-year data.
description: Changes to match MNRAS accepted version
Structural aspects of medical literature retrieval
Creators: name: Krumpholz, Alexander Heinz
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: R859.7.D36 K78 2012
subject: Medical literature Data processing
subject: Information storage and retrieval systems Medicine
subject: Data mining

description: Finding scientific literature forms a main part of every researcher's daily life. Modern tools that implement state of the art information retrieval technologies allow this retrieval process to be done from each researcher's computer without the need to physically access to the library during opening hours. Publications matching given queries are now returned within seconds but the researcher still has to wade through thousands of matching documents to find the important ones or modify the query in numerous iterative steps until they are satisfied with the results. Even more important from a humanitarian point of view is the requirement of medical practitioners to answer information needs quickly as they are trying to save lives or improve the quality of life for their patients. Missing out on key papers due to sub-optimal queries is a worry for most doctors and so the literature retrieval process is still quite repetitive and extremely time consuming for them. This thesis explores ways to improve the retrieval of medical literature by exploiting structural aspects of the documents indexed, using existing medical ontologies and structures within the immediate context of the researcher. In the case of the clinical domain this context can be represented by structured data held in the clinical records of current patients. An Intelligent Literature Retrieval Assistant relieving researchers by automating the retrieval process is described and prototypically implemented. The research prototype developed in the course of this Ph.D. studies uses properties of the patient record, such as the patient's age and recent blood test results, to derive queries, which automatically retrieve publications. The clinician can then easily alter the query to retrieve the best matching documents within a short amount of time. The design of the system aims to instantly identify the publications that are most relevant to a given patient's case rather than providing a complex interface to deeply analyse all published material. During an evaluation of the prototype, researchers expressed their appreciation for the effectiveness of the tool and some even found new publications that they were not yet aware of. -- provided by Candidate.