cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum walks with sequential aperiodic jumps
Creators: name: Pires, Marcelo A.
name: Queirós, Sílvio M. Duarte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a set of discrete-time quantum walks for which the displacements on a chain follow binary aperiodic jumps according to three paradigmatic sequences: Fibonacci, Thue-Morse and Rudin-Shapiro. We use a generalized Hadamard coin $\widehat C_{H}$ as well as a generalized Fourier coin $\widehat C_{K}$. We verify the QW experiences a slowdown of the wavepacket spreading --- $σ^2 (t) \sim t^α$ --- by the aperiodic jumps whose exponent, $α$, depends on the type of aperiodicity. Additional aperiodicity-induced effects also emerge, namely: (i) while the superdiffusive regime ($1
description: Updated version, close to the published one
The static effective action for non-commutative QED at high temperature
Creators: name: Brandt, F. T.
name: Das, Ashok
name: Frenkel, J.
name: Pereira, S.
name: Taylor, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we systematically study the effective action for non-commutative QED in the static limit at high temperature. When $θp^{2}\ll 1$, where $θ$ represents the magnitude of the parameter for non-commutativity and $p$ denotes a typical external three momentum, we show that this leads naturally to a derivative expansion in this model. The study of the self-energy, in this limit, leads to nontrivial $θ$ dependent corrections to the electric and magnetic masses, which exist only above a certain critical temperature. The three point and the four point amplitudes are also studied as well as their relations to the Ward identities in this limit. We determine the closed form expression for the current involving only the spatial components of the gauge field and present the corresponding static effective action, which is gauge invariant.
description: 13 pages and 4 figures. Revised version to be published in Phys. Rev. D
The complexity of promise SAT on non-Boolean domains
Creators: name: Brandts, Alex
name: Wrochna, Marcin
name: Živný, Stanislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.2.1; F.2.2
subject: 68R05, 68Q17

description: While 3-SAT is NP-hard, 2-SAT is solvable in polynomial time. Austrin, Guruswami, and Håstad roved a result known as "$(2+\varepsilon)$-SAT is NP-hard" [FOCS'14/SICOMP'17]. They showed that the problem of distinguishing k-CNF formulas that are g-satisfiable (i.e. some assignment satisfies at least g literals in every clause) from those that are not even 1-satisfiable is NP-hard if $\frac{g}{k} < \frac{1}{2}$ and is in P otherwise. We study a generalisation of SAT on arbitrary finite domains, with clauses that are disjunctions of unary constraints, and establish analogous behaviour. Thus we give a dichotomy for a natural fragment of promise constraint satisfaction problems (PCSPs) on arbitrary finite domains. The hardness side is proved using the algebraic approach, via a new general NP-hardness criterion on polymorphisms of the problem, based on a gap version of the Layered Label Cover problem. We show that previously used criteria are insufficient -- the problem hence gives an interesting benchmark of algebraic techniques for proving hardness of approximation problems such as PCSPs.
description: Full version of an ICALP 2020 paper
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ПЕДАГОГІЧНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ У РОБОТІ З ДІТЬМИ ДОШКІЛЬНОГО ВІКУ З РОДИН УЧАСНИКІВ АТО І ВНУТРІШНЬО ПЕРЕМІЩЕНИХ ОСІБ
Creators: name: Зорька І.Ю.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Реалізація сучасних наукових підходів, концепцій неможлива поза застосування педагогічної технології, яка є і науковим підходом, і процесуально-дієвим засобом. Педагогічну технологію розглядають як сукупність науково обґрунтованих способів педагогічної діяльності, спрямованої на досягнення виховної, розвивальної чи освітньої мети, і як проект (програму) діяльності педагога, яку він послідовно реалізує в процесі професійної взаємодії з дітьми. Педагогічна технологія – це сукупність конкретних дій, операцій, процедур, які здійснює педагог задля організації відповідно до поставленої мети діяльності дітей. Відмітною ознакою педагогічної технології є концептуальність, тобто опора на певну наукову концепцію.
Optimierung automatisierter Analysen von Ultraschallaufnahmen mittel Bild-Segmentierung am Fallbeispiel des Breast Ultrasound Images Dataset und der U-Net-Architektur
Creators: name: Bundt, Timo
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Halle (Saale)
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Ultraschallaufnahmen
subject: Bild-Segmentierung
subject: Breast Ultrasound Images Dataset
subject: U-Net-Architektur
subject: Erkennung von Tumoren
subject: 006

description: Ziel der Arbeit ist es, eine nachvollziehbare Empfehlung zur optimalen Konfiguration eines U-Net-Modells für die Bildsegmentierung zur Erkennung von Tumoren zu entwickeln. Für die Untersuchung wird der Breast Ultrasound Image (BUSI)-Datensatz genutzt.
Quantum transport in parallel magnetic fields: A realization of the Berry-Robnik symmetry phenomenon
Creators: name: Meyer, Julia S.
name: Altland, Alexander
name: Altshuler, B. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the magnetoconductance of two-dimensional electron and hole gases (2DEGs) subject to a parallel magnetic field. It is shown that, for confining potential wells which are symmetric with respect to spatial inversion, a temperature-dependent weak localization signal exists even in the presence of a magnetic field. Deviations from this symmetry lead to magnetoconductance profiles that contain information on both, the geometry of the confining potential and characteristics of the disorder.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures included
Das Katastrophenmanagement aus Sicht der Systemtheorie : Eine hierarchische Darstellung
Creators: name: Leopold, Christian
Publisher: name: Hochschulbibliothek, Hochschule Merseburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Katastrophenmanagement
subject: disaster management
subject: emergency management
subject: Disaster Life Cycle
subject: DDC::300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: In times of corona virus, the world is once again shown how important an efficient and comprehensive disaster management is. For this reason, the present discourse deals with the possibility of a general representation of disaster management. In the course of a qualitative literature analysis and with the help of systems theory a first hierarchical representation at the level of the complex of measures is developed, which fulfills the requirement of general validity. However, this presentation does not claim to be com-plete, but rather represents a first foray into this area and thereby prepares a solid foundation for further research. The presentation also offers various application options for theory and practice, such as a basic framework for orientation when developing a special disaster management or evaluation options, for example comparable to a cost center calculation of a company. Furthermore, an initial argument for the consideration of disaster management as a system in the course of systems theory is provided and important interactions between the individual phases of the Disaster Life Cycle are identified, which offer great potential for further research.
Induced metal-free star formation around a massive black hole seed
Creators: name: Aykutalp, Aycin
name: Barrow, Kirk S. S.
name: Wise, John H.
name: Johnson, Jarrett L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The direct formation of a massive black hole is a potential seeding mechanism of the earliest observed supermassive black holes. We investigate how the existence of a massive black hole seed impacts the ionization and thermal state of its pre-galactic host halo and subsequent star formation. We show that its X-ray radiation ionizes and heats the medium, enhancing $\rm{H}_2$ formation in shielded regions, within the nuclear region in the span of a million years. The enhanced molecular cooling triggers the formation of a $\sim 10^4~{\rm M}_\odot$ metal-free stellar cluster at a star formation efficiency of $\sim 0.1\%$ in a single event. Star formation occurs near the edges of the H II region that is partially ionized by X-rays, thus the initial size depends on the black hole properties and surrounding environment. The simulated metal-free galaxy has an initial half-light radius of $\sim 10$ pc but expands to $\sim 50$ pc after 10 million years because of the outward velocities of their birth clouds. Supernova feedback then quenches any further star formation for tens of millions of years, allowing the massive black hole to dominate the spectrum once the massive metal-free stars die.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters, 7 pages, 5 figures
ПРЕЕМСТВЕННОСТЬ УДО И НАЧАЛЬНОЙ ШКОЛЫ В ПСИХОЛОГО-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКОМ СОПРОВОЖДЕНИИ ДЕТЕЙ С НИЗКИМ СОЦИАЛЬНЫМ СТАТУСОМ
Creators: name: Балтушко А.В.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: На сегодняшний день в современном образовательном пространстве очень важным условием успешной социализации ребенка в группе сверстников является его положение в системе межличностных отношений. Проблема формирования межличностных отношений и социального статуса детей остро встает на этапе поступления в 1 класс школы в условиях важного этапа социализации младших школьников. Эффективное межличностное взаимодействие со сверстниками способствует не только благополучной социализации и адаптации ребенка в коллективе, но и повышает качество обучения в начальной школе.
Bedarf einer professionalisierten Trauerbegleitung als Feld der Sozialen Arbeit
Creators: name: Höber, Caroline Sophie
Publisher: name: Hochschulbibliothek, Hochschule Merseburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Trauer
subject: Trauerbegleitung
subject: Professionalität
subject: Soziale Arbeit
subject: Tod-Trauer-Sterben
subject: DDC::3** Sozialwissenschaften::30* Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::302 Soziale Interaktion

description: Trauer ist ein elementarer Bestandteil jeden Lebens. Dennoch wird der Themenkomplex Tod-Sterben-Trauer in der Sozialen Arbeit bisher wenig beachtet. Gerade bezogen auf das Arbeitsfeld der Trauerbegleitung hat sich die Forschungsfrage ergeben, ob es einen Be-darf für die Professionalisierung dieser als Feld der Sozialen Arbeit gibt, beziehungsweise inwieweit Trauerbegleitung schon jetzt als der Sozialen Arbeit zugehörig gedeutet werden kann. Um die Forschungsfrage zu beantworten, wurde eine umfangreiche Literaturrecherche vorgenommen, die sich sowohl auf die aktuelle Trauerforschung, die vorhandenen Ange-bote von Trauerbegleitung in Deutschland, als auch auf die Kriterien von Professionalität in der Sozialen Arbeit bezieht. Daraus hat sich ergeben, dass die Anforderungen an quali-fizierte Trauerbegleitung, die durch den Bundesverband Trauerbegleitung erarbeitet wur-den, viele Ähnlichkeiten mit den Professionalitätskriterien Sozialer Arbeit vorweisen. Ein Ausbau von Trauerbegleitung durch die Soziale Arbeit mit niedrigschwelligen Angebo-ten, auch im ländlichen Raum, ist erstrebenswert. Gerade für Menschen mit geringen Ressourcen im sozialen Umfeld, die dem Leitbild Sozialer Arbeit entsprechen. Ziel dabei sollte die Ergänzung des vorhandenen Angebots, nicht die Übernahme des bestehenden Bereichs sein. Für die Klärung der spezifischen Bedarfe werden im Diskussionsteil Fragen für die mögli-che weiterführende Forschung aufgezeigt.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ГРАЖДАНСКОЙ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТИ ВОСПИТАННИКОВ В КОНТЕКСТЕ ИННОВАЦИОННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ «ДОШКОЛЬНЫЙ ЦЕНТР РАЗВИТИЯ РЕБЕНКА №1 Г. МОГИЛЕВА»
Creators: name: Внук Л.Б.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Обновление содержания образования в Республике Беларусь во многом обусловлено инновационными процессами. Инновационная деятельность непосредственно влияет на целевые и ценностные ориентиры образовательной практики и соответственно актуализирует новые требования к профессиональной компетентности педагогических работников, а также повышает качество образовательного процесса.
Ungewollte Sexualisierungserfahrungen von Mädchen in der Frühadoleszenz
Creators: name: Brecht, Anna
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Frühadoleszenz
subject: Sexualisierung
subject: Ungewollte Sexualisierungserfahrungen
subject: Frauenbild
subject: Geschlechtsidentität
subject: 305

description: Die Sexualisierung von Mädchen* und Frauen* ist ein medial und gesellschaftlich verbreitetes Phänomen. Insbesondere wenn diese Sexualisierung ungewollt geschieht, kann dies ein Belastungserleben bei den Betroffenen zur Folge haben. Die vorliegende Bachelorarbeit untersucht ungewollte Sexualisierungserfahrungen von Mädchen* in der Frühadoleszenz und die Auswirkungen dieser Erfahrungen auf den weiteren Verlauf der Adoleszenz. Die methodische Herangehensweise umfasst eine theoretische Literaturrecherche sowie die Durchführung qualitativer Interviews. Die Analyse zeigt, dass Mädchen* während der Frühadoleszenz durch Medien, Familie, Institutionen und Peers ungewollte Sexualisierung erleben und beobachten. Die erfahrenen Grenzverletzungen führen zu einem Erleben von Verunsicherung, Normierungsdruck und Machtlosigkeit. Dies resultiert in der Internalisierung eines sexualisierten Frauen*bilds und einem reduktionistischen Selbstbild, insbesondere durch genormte Vorstellungen und Erwartungen bezüglich des Verhaltens und Aussehens von Frauen* und Mädchen*. Im weiteren Verlauf der Adoleszenz kann dies zu einem gestörten Essverhalten und beeinträchtigten Körperbild führen und die Ausbildung der Geschlechtsidentität der Betroffenen beeinträchtigen.
Identification of Factors Leading to High Severity of Crashes in Rural Areas Using Ordered Probit Modeling
Creators: name: Dissanayake, Sunanda
name: Ratnayake, Indike
name: Dissanayake, Sunanda
name: Ratnayake, Indike
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: This study made an effort to identify critical factors contributing to increased crash severities on rural highways. Crash data from the Kansas Accident Reporting System (KARS) database was analyzed and crash severity was modeled using ordered choice models. Many driver-related factors, such as alcohol involvement, lack of seat belt usage, excessive speed, and driver ejections because of the crash contribute to the increased severity of crashes in rural areas. Also, severities of singlevehicle crashes are higher than two-vehicle and animal-vehicle crashes. Factors related to roadway geometry such as sharp curves and steep grades are also found to contribute to the increased crash severity in rural areas.
A Framework for Building Closed-Domain Chat Dialogue Systems
Creators: name: Nakano, Mikio
name: Komatani, Kazunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents HRIChat, a framework for developing closed-domain chat dialogue systems. Being able to engage in chat dialogues has been found effective for improving communication between humans and dialogue systems. This paper focuses on closed-domain systems because they would be useful when combined with task-oriented dialogue systems in the same domain. HRIChat enables domain-dependent language understanding so that it can deal well with domain-specific utterances. In addition, HRIChat makes it possible to integrate state transition network-based dialogue management and reaction-based dialogue management. FoodChatbot, which is an application in the food and restaurant domain, has been developed and evaluated through a user study. Its results suggest that reasonably good systems can be developed with HRIChat. This paper also reports lessons learned from the development and evaluation of FoodChatbot.
description: 24 pages
MOESM18 of Initial high-resolution microscopic mapping of active and inactive regulatory sequences proves non-random 3D arrangements in chromatin domain clusters
Creators: name: Cremer, Marion
name: Schmid, Volker
name: Kraus, Felix
name: Markaki, Yolanda
name: Hellmann, Ines
name: Maiser, Andreas
name: Leonhardt, Heinrich
name: John, Sam
name: Stamatoyannopoulos, John
name: Cremer, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 18. Significance values for relative signal distributions of 6-kb probes 1 and 2 in BJ1 and A549 nuclei.
Rigidity theorems in the braneworld model
Creators: name: Kodama, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper, we give some theorems representing ridigity of a vacuum brane in static bulk spacetimes. As an application, we show that a static bulk spacetime with dimension D>3 and spatial symmetry IO(D-2), O(D-1) or O_+(D-2,1) does not allow a vacuum brane with a black hole on it. We also show that if a static bulk spacetime with dimension D>4 satsifying the vacuum Einstein equations can be foliated by a continuous family of vacuum branes with asymptotically constant curvature, it is a black string solution.
description: 7 pages in LaTeX with the PTP style. No figure. To be published in the proceedings of the workshop "Braneworld -- Dynamics of spacetime with boundary --"
Optimization and Parallelization of a force field for silicon using OpenMP
Creators: name: Goedecker, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The force field by Lenosky and coworkers is the latest force field for silicon which is one of the most studied materials. It has turned out to be highly accurate in a large range of test cases. The optimization and parallelization of this force field using OpenMp and Fortan90 is described here. The optimized program allows us to handle a very large number of silicon atoms in large scale simulations. Since all the parallelization is hidden in a single subroutine that returns the total energies and forces, this subroutine can be called from within a serial program in an user friendly way.
description: The program can be obtained upon request from the author (SGoedecker@cea.fr)
Universal Sound Diffusion in a Strongly Interacting Fermi Gas
Creators: name: Patel, Parth B.
name: Yan, Zhenjie
name: Mukherjee, Biswaroop
name: Fletcher, Richard J.
name: Struck, Julian
name: Zwierlein, Martin W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport of strongly interacting fermions governs modern materials -- from the high-$T_c$ cuprates to bilayer graphene --, but also nuclear fission, the merging of neutron stars and the expansion of the early universe. Here we observe a universal quantum limit of diffusivity in a homogeneous, strongly interacting Fermi gas of atoms by studying sound propagation and its attenuation via the coupled transport of momentum and heat. In the normal state, the sound diffusivity ${D}$ monotonically decreases upon lowering the temperature $T$, in contrast to the diverging behavior of weakly interacting Fermi liquids. As the superfluid transition temperature is crossed, ${D}$ attains a universal value set by the ratio of Planck's constant ${h}$ and the particle mass ${m}$. This finding of quantum limited sound diffusivity informs theories of fermion transport, with relevance for hydrodynamic flow of electrons, neutrons and quarks.
Global Optimization on an Evolving Energy Landscape
Creators: name: Hunjan, J. S.
name: Sarkar, S.
name: Ramaswamy, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Locating the global minimum of a complex potential energy surface is facilitated by considering a homotopy, namely a family of surfaces that interpolate continuously from an arbitrary initial potential to the system under consideration. Different strategies can be used to follow the evolving minima. It is possible to enhance the probability of locating the global minimum through a heuristic choice of interpolation schemes and parameters, and the continuously evolving potential landscape reduces the probability of trapping in local minima. In application to a model problem, finding the ground--state configuration and energy of rare--gas (Lennard--Jones) atomic clusters, we demonstrate the utility and efficacy of this method.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in PRE
MOESM19 of Initial high-resolution microscopic mapping of active and inactive regulatory sequences proves non-random 3D arrangements in chromatin domain clusters
Creators: name: Cremer, Marion
name: Schmid, Volker
name: Kraus, Felix
name: Markaki, Yolanda
name: Hellmann, Ines
name: Maiser, Andreas
name: Leonhardt, Heinrich
name: John, Sam
name: Stamatoyannopoulos, John
name: Cremer, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 19. fosmid ID (G248 library #) and sequence alignment of fosmids used. Data are based on hg19.
Building Information Modeling and Classification by Visual Learning At A City Scale
Creators: name: Yu, Qian
name: Wang, Chaofeng
name: Cetiner, Barbaros
name: Yu, Stella X.
name: Mckenna, Frank
name: Taciroglu, Ertugrul
name: Law, Kincho H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we provide two case studies to demonstrate how artificial intelligence can empower civil engineering. In the first case, a machine learning-assisted framework, BRAILS, is proposed for city-scale building information modeling. Building information modeling (BIM) is an efficient way of describing buildings, which is essential to architecture, engineering, and construction. Our proposed framework employs deep learning technique to extract visual information of buildings from satellite/street view images. Further, a novel machine learning (ML)-based statistical tool, SURF, is proposed to discover the spatial patterns in building metadata. The second case focuses on the task of soft-story building classification. Soft-story buildings are a type of buildings prone to collapse during a moderate or severe earthquake. Hence, identifying and retrofitting such buildings is vital in the current earthquake preparedness efforts. For this task, we propose an automated deep learning-based procedure for identifying soft-story buildings from street view images at a regional scale. We also create a large-scale building image database and a semi-automated image labeling approach that effectively annotates new database entries. Through extensive computational experiments, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
description: 33rd Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS 2019), Vancouver, Canada
An investigation on gravitational entropy of cosmological models
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Samarjit
name: Guha, Sarbari
name: Goswami, Rituparno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the entropy of the free gravitational field for a given epoch for some well-known isotropic and anisotropic cosmologies. We use the definition of gravitational entropy proposed by Clifton, Ellis, and Tavakol, where the 2-index square root of the 4-index Bel-Robinson tensor is taken to be the energy momentum tensor for the free gravity. We examine whether, in the vicinity of the initial singularity, the ratio of the energy density of free gravity to that of matter density goes to zero, validating Penrose's conjecture on Weyl curvature. Whenever this is true, the gravitational entropy increases monotonically with time, leading to structure formation. For the models considered by us, we identify the conditions for which the Weyl curvature hypothesis is valid, and the assumptions under which it is validated, or otherwise.
description: 12 pages, final form, accepted for publication in IJMPD
Fresnel filtering in lasing emission from scarred modes of wave-chaotic optical resonators
Creators: name: Rex, N. B.
name: Tureci, H. E.
name: Schwefel, H. G. L.
name: Chang, R. K.
name: Stone, A. Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study lasing emission from asymmetric resonant cavity (ARC) GaN micro-lasers. By comparing far-field intensity patterns with images of the micro-laser we find that the lasing modes are concentrated on three-bounce unstable periodic ray orbits, i.e. the modes are scarred. The high-intensity emission directions of these scarred modes are completely different from those predicted by applying Snell's law to the ray orbit. This effect is due to the process of ``Fresnel filtering'' which occurs when a beam of finite angular spread is incident at the critical angle for total internal reflection.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures (eps), RevTeX 3.1, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett; corrected a minor (transcription) error
Analysis of Traveler Characteristics by Mode Choice in HOT Corridors
Creators: name: Burris, Mark W.
name: Figueroa, Carlos F.
name: Burris, Mark W.
name: Figueroa, Carlos F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This research examined travelers who have a vast array of travel options, including some rather unique ones: HOV3+ in an HOV lane, HOV2+ in an HOV lane off-peak, HOV2 plus a $2.00 toll in an HOV lane during the peak, and casual carpooling (slugging). Travelers using all these modes were surveyed in 2003, and significant differences between the groups of travelers were observed, providing some understanding of travel behavior when faced with these travel options. In the study, particular effort was spent on examining the characteristics of travelers who choose to travel as HOV2 carpools during peak periods and pay a $2.00 toll. This group of travelers was found to contain significantly more well-educated females with high household incomes on school related trips. The proximity of private schools near the terminus of the HOV lane probably contributed significantly to this result. Due to the array of mode choices available to these travelers, surveying all these groups was challenging and, therefore, the methodology employed in survey development and administration is also detailed in this paper.
ТВОРЧИЙ САМОРОЗВИТОК СТУДЕНТІВ В УМОВАХ ЛАБОРАТОРІЇ ФАХОВОЇ КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ ПЕДАГОГА ДОШКІЛЬНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Creators: name: Аль-Хамадані Н.Д.
name: МатлінаО.В.
name: Сидоренко Н.М.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Сучасні тенденції розвитку вищої освіти в Україні засвідчують важливість не лише підготовки майбутнього фахівця до реалізації професійних функцій, але й забезпечення його особистісного творчого зростання. Національна доктрина розвитку освіти в Україні, Закон України «Про вищу освіту» пропагують особистісний розвиток майбутнього фахівця освіти як найвищу цінність суспільства. Отже, головне завдання професійної освіти полягає у професійній підготовці фахівців, здатних до самовизначення, самореалізації та самоствердження. У контексті цього особливої актуальності набувають питання творчого саморозвитку особистості у межах екзистенційного інформаційно-навчального середовища (лабораторії фахової компетентності). Необхідність спеціальної розробки технології творчого саморозвитку майбутнього фахівця дошкільної освіти має як теоретичне, так і прикладне значення. Таким чином, обґрунтування концептуальних основ становлення особистісних смислів майбутніх фахівців дошкілля повинно знайти своє відображення у реальних моделях освітнього середовища, які забезпечують творчий саморозвиток студентів.
Ultrafast Photoinduced Band Splitting and Carrier Dynamics in Chiral Tellurium Nanosheets
Creators: name: Jnawali, Giriraj
name: Xiang, Yuan
name: Linser, Samuel M.
name: Shojaei, Iraj Abbasian
name: Wang, Ruoxing
name: Qiu, Gang
name: Lian, Chao
name: Wong, Bryan M.
name: Wenzhuo, Wu
name: Ye, Peide D.
name: Leng, Yongsheng
name: Jackson, Howard E.
name: Smith, Leigh M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Trigonal tellurium (Te) is a chiral semiconductor that lacks both mirror and inversion symmetries, resulting in complex band structures with Weyl crossings and unique spin textures. Detailed time-resolved polarized reflectance spectroscopy is used to investigate its band structure and carrier dynamics. The polarized transient spectra reveal optical transitions between the uppermost spin-split H4 and H5 and the degenerate H6 valence bands (VB) and the lowest degenerate H6 conduction band (CB) as well as a higher energy transition at the L-point. Surprisingly, the degeneracy of the H6 CB (a proposed Weyl node) is lifted and the spin-split VB gap is reduced upon photoexcitation before relaxing to equilibrium as the carriers decay. Using ab initio density functional theory (DFT) calculations we conclude that the dynamic band structure is caused by a photoinduced shear strain in the Te film that breaks the screw symmetry of the crystal. The band-edge anisotropy is also reflected in the hot carrier decay rate, which is a factor of two slower along c-axis than perpendicular to it. The majority of photoexcited carriers near the band-edge are seen to recombine within 30 ps while higher lying transitions observed near 1.2 eV appear to have substantially longer lifetimes, potentially due to contributions of intervalley processes in the recombination rate. These new findings shed light on the strong correlation between photoinduced carriers and electronic structure in anisotropic crystals, which opens a potential pathway for designing novel Te-based devices that take advantage of the topological structures as well as strong spin-related properties.
description: 42 pages, 13 figures
Deployment characterization of a floatable tidal energy converter on a tidal channel, Ria Formosa, Portugal
Creators: name: Pacheco, A.
name: Gorbeña, E.
name: Plomaritis, T. A.
name: Garel, E.
name: Gonçalves, J. M. S.
name: Bentes, L.
name: Monteiro, P.
name: Afonso, C. M. L.
name: Oliveira, F.
name: Soares, C.
name: Zabel, F.
name: Sequeira, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the results of a pilot experiment with an existing tidal energy converter (TEC), Evopod 1 kW floatable prototype, in a real test case scenario (Faro Channel, Ria Formosa, Portugal). A baseline marine geophysical, hydrodynamic and ecological study based on the experience collected on the test site is presented. The collected data was used to validate a hydro-morphodynamic model, allowing the selection of the installation area based on both operational and environmental constraints. Operational results related to the description of power generation capacity, energy capture area and proportion of energy flux are presented and discussed, including the failures occurring during the experimental setup. The data is now available to the scientific community and to TEC industry developers, enhancing the operational knowledge of TEC technology concerning efficiency, environmental effects, and interactions (i.e. device/environment). The results can be used by developers on the licensing process, on overcoming the commercial deployment barriers, on offering extra assurance and confidence to investors, who traditionally have seen environmental concerns as a barrier, and on providing the foundations whereupon similar deployment areas can be considered around the world for marine tidal energy extraction.
SUSY Breaking and Moduli Stabilization from Fluxes in Gauged 6D Supergravity
Creators: name: Aghababaie, Y.
name: Burgess, C. P.
name: Parameswaran, S. L.
name: Quevedo, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the 4D N=1 supergravity which describes the low-energy limit of 6D supergravity compactified on a sphere with a monopole background a la Salam and Sezgin. This provides a simple setting sharing the main properties of realistic string compactifications such as flat 4D spacetime, chiral fermions and N=1 supersymmetry as well as Fayet-Iliopoulos terms induced by the Green-Schwarz mechanism. The matter content of the resulting theory is a supersymmetric SO(3)xU(1) gauge model with two chiral multiplets, S and T. The expectation value of T is fixed by the classical potential, and S describes a flat direction to all orders in perturbation theory. We consider possible perturbative corrections to the Kahler potential in inverse powers of $Re S$ and $Re T$, and find that under certain circumstances, and when taken together with low-energy gaugino condensation, these can lift the degeneracy of the flat direction for $Re S$. The resulting vacuum breaks supersymmetry at moderately low energies in comparison with the compactification scale, with positive cosmological constant. It is argued that the 6D model might itself be obtained from string compactifications, giving rise to realistic string compactifications on non Ricci flat manifolds. Possible phenomenological and cosmological applications are briefly discussed.
description: 32 pages, 2 figures. Uses JHEP3.cls. References fixed and updated, some minor typos fixed. Corrected minor error concerning Kaluza-Klein scales. Results remain unchanged
Freight Transportation Demands on the Upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers
Creators: name: Yu, Tun-Hsiang
name: Zhang, Jin
name: Yu, Tun-Hsiang
name: Zhang, Jin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Industrial Organization

description: This paper estimates structural demands for grain transportation on the upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers. Grain is the predominant commodity transported on these waterways. Analysis indicates Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) to be a superior method for estimating each waterway’s structural demand. Results show rates, foreign and domestic demands, floods, season, and river water level influence demands. Further, the analysis suggests that a detailed analysis of river freight demand is a necessary precursor of a defendable study into the economic feasibility of improving transportation infrastructure on the upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers.
An Abstraction-Based Framework for Neural Network Verification
Creators: name: Elboher, Yizhak Yisrael
name: Gottschlich, Justin
name: Katz, Guy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep neural networks are increasingly being used as controllers for safety-critical systems. Because neural networks are opaque, certifying their correctness is a significant challenge. To address this issue, several neural network verification approaches have recently been proposed. However, these approaches afford limited scalability, and applying them to large networks can be challenging. In this paper, we propose a framework that can enhance neural network verification techniques by using over-approximation to reduce the size of the network - thus making it more amenable to verification. We perform the approximation such that if the property holds for the smaller (abstract) network, it holds for the original as well. The over-approximation may be too coarse, in which case the underlying verification tool might return a spurious counterexample. Under such conditions, we perform counterexample-guided refinement to adjust the approximation, and then repeat the process. Our approach is orthogonal to, and can be integrated with, many existing verification techniques. For evaluation purposes, we integrate it with the recently proposed Marabou framework, and observe a significant improvement in Marabou's performance. Our experiments demonstrate the great potential of our approach for verifying larger neural networks.
description: This paper appeared at CAV 2020
Scale-free topology of e-mail networks
Creators: name: Ebel, Holger
name: Mielsch, Lutz-Ingo
name: Bornholdt, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the topology of e-mail networks with e-mail addresses as nodes and e-mails as links using data from server log files. The resulting network exhibits a scale-free link distribution and pronounced small-world behavior, as observed in other social networks. These observations imply that the spreading of e-mail viruses is greatly facilitated in real e-mail networks compared to random architectures.
description: 4 pages RevTeX, 4 figures PostScript (extended version)
Review and Analysis of the Effects of Major Aviation Accidents in the United States on Safety Policy, Regulation, and Technology
Creators: name: Lagos, Alfredo
name: Motevalli, Vahid
name: Motevalli, Majid
name: Sakata, Nobuyo
name: Lagos, Alfredo
name: Motevalli, Vahid
name: Motevalli, Majid
name: Sakata, Nobuyo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Public Economics

description: The authors reviewed civil air transport accidents over a 15-year period (1988-2003) and arrived at milestone accidents. The impact of these milestone accidents on aviation safety developments in policy, regulation and technology are analyzed here. The analysis shows that these accidents have led to significant changes in these three areas. However, it is concluded that the outcomes were reactive as opposed to proactive solutions. Indicators of change are U.S. Congressional and Federal Aviation Administration records and other published information. The impacts of milestone accidents are shown using a timeline format to demonstrate various sets of outcomes and their interrelation over time.
Guadana neblina Rheims 2010, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Rheims, Cristina Anne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Sparassidae
Guadana
Guadana neblina

description: Guadana neblina sp. nov.
Figs 5, 20–21, 39
 Type material: Holotype: ♂ from Cachoeira do Tucano, Parque Nacional do Pico da Neblina, São Gabriel da Cachoeira [00°07’ S; 67°04’ W], Amazonas, Brazil, 23 September 2007, N.F. Lo Man Hung leg. (INPA).
 Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.
 Diagnosis. Males of Guadana neblina sp. nov. are easily distinguished from those of the remaining species of the genus by the palp with hook-shaped dorsal branch of the RTA, by the bifid embolus with short and thick tips and by the very slender conductor (Figs 20–21).
 Description. Male (INPA): Dorsal shield of prosoma pale yellow, laterally variegated gray and with bright orange hairs along thoracic striae, around eyes and at base of cephalic region. Chelicerae pale yellow with lateral black spot at base. Legs and pedipalps pale yellow with gray spots at the base of spines. Sternum cream colored with pale yellow margins. Labium and endites pale yellow, distally lighter. Opisthosoma pale yellow. Dorsally covered with bright orange hairs and patches of black hairs laterally, around muscular impressions and close to anal tubercle (Fig. 5). Ventrally mottled with white spots. Total length 6.4. Prosoma: 2.9 long, 3.0 wide. Opisthosoma: 3.5 long, 2.9 wide. Eye diameters: 0.20, 0.24, 0.16, 0.26; interdistances: 0.12, 0.02, 0.26, 0.26, 0.24, 0.26. Legs: I: 25.0 (6.4, 1.7, 7.4, 7.1, 2.4); II: 27.8 (7.0, 1.9, 8.3, 8.1. 2.5); III: 17.5 (4.7, 1.5, 4.7, 4.9, 1.7); IV: 20.2 (5.2, 1.4, 5.3, 6.1, 2.2). Spination follows the generic pattern, except tibia III: d0-0-1. Palp: RTA with ventral branch conical; VTA triangular; embolus with small base, slightly widened at tip (Figs 24–25).
 Female: unknown.
 Distribution. Only known from the type locality (Fig. 39).
description: Published as part of Rheims, Cristina Anne, 2010, A new genus of huntsman spiders from the Neotropical region (Araneae: Sparassidae: Heteropodinae), pp. 33-46 in Zootaxa 2650 (1) on pages 37-39, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2650.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/5301955
Universal Self Force from an Extended-Object Approach
Creators: name: Ori, Amos
name: Rosenthal, Eran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a consistent extended-object approach for determining the self force acting on an accelerating charged particle. In this approach one considers an extended charged object of finite size $ε$, and calculates the overall contribution of the mutual electromagnetic forces. Previous implementations of this approach yielded divergent terms $\propto 1/ε$ that could not be cured by mass-renormalization. Here we explain the origin of this problem and fix it. We obtain a consistent, universal, expression for the extended-object self force, which conforms with Dirac's well known formula.
description: Latex, one postscript figure, 4 pages
Vortex line representation for flows of ideal and viscous fluids
Creators: name: Kuznetsov, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the Euler hydrodynamics for vortical flows of an ideal fluid coincides with the equations of motion of a charged {\it compressible} fluid moving due to a self-consistent electromagnetic field. Transition to the Lagrangian description in a new hydrodynamics is equivalent for the original Euler equations to the mixed Lagrangian-Eulerian description - the vortex line representation (VLR). Due to compressibility of a "new" fluid the collapse of vortex lines can happen as the result of breaking (or overturning) of vortex lines. It is found that the Navier-Stokes equation in the vortex line representation can be reduced to the equation of the diffusive type for the Cauchy invariant with the diffusion tensor given by the metric of the VLR.
Black hole entropy in string-generated gravity models
Creators: name: Neupane, Ishwaree P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Euclidean action and entropy are computed in string-generated gravity models with quadratic curvatures, and used to argue that a negative mass extremal metric is the background for hyperbolic (k=-1) black hole spacetimes, k being the curvature constant of the event horizon. The entropy associated with a black hole is always positive for k=(0,1) family. The positivity of energy condition also ensures that the k=-1 (extremal) entropy is non-negative.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Physical Review D (Rapid Communication) version
Negative energy elasticity in a rubberlike gel
Creators: name: Yoshikawa, Yuki
name: Sakumichi, Naoyuki
name: Chung, Ung-il
name: Sakai, Takamasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rubber elasticity is the archetype of the entropic force emerging from the second law of thermodynamics; numerous experimental and theoretical studies on natural and synthetic rubbers have shown that the elasticity originates mostly from entropy change with deformation. Similarly, in polymer gels containing a large amount of solvent, it has also been postulated that the shear modulus (the modulus of rigidity) $G$, which is a kind of modulus of elasticity, is approximately equivalent to the entropy contribution $G_S$, but this has yet to be verified experimentally. In this study, we measure the temperature dependence of the shear modulus $G$ in a rubberlike (hyperelastic) polymer gel whose polymer volume fraction is at most 0.1. As a result, we find that the energy contribution $G_E=G-G_S$ can be a significant negative value, reaching up to double the shear modulus $G$ (i.e., $\left|G_E\right| \simeq 2G$), although the shear modulus of stable materials is generally bound to be positive. We further argue that the energy contribution $G_E$ is governed by a vanishing temperature that is a universal function of the normalized polymer concentration, and $G_E$ vanishes when the solvent is removed. Our findings highlight the essential difference between rubber elasticity and gel elasticity (which were previously thought to be the same) and push the established field of gel elasticity into a new direction.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures; published version
A MODEL FOR ESTIMATING LINEA R TREND IN PRODUC- TION, AREA AND YIELD OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS
Creators: name: Elahi, Khandakar Qudrat-I
name: Elahi, Khandakar Qudrat-I
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Growth rates in production, area and yield of agricultural crops are widely estimated for examining growth performance of the crop sector and evaluating government policies. But estimation of linear trends which provide valuable information for policy analysis received little importance. This paper developed a model for estimating linear trends in production, area and yields of agricultural crops and used the same to derive estimates of linear trends in the cereal sector. The analysis shows that linear trends in cereal production Increased in the 80's only marginaliy which is unsatisfactory in view of population growth and public investment. The poor trend resulted mainly from decreased trends in production and yield of wheat and yield of boro paddy.