cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Mormons and YouTube
Creators: name: Reeder, Ryan
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: As the internet’s second-most trafficked site, behind only Google in both the United States and globally, and with 600,000 hours of content uploaded and one billion hours viewed daily by more than one billion monthly users, YouTube’s reach and scope is vast. Growing out of a need to better facilitate the production and distribution of online video, YouTube was able to become dominant through a combination of factors including the implementation of innovative features, an ability to capitalize on popular videos hosted on its site, and good timing in managing to become a key component of the social media revolution. YouTube, through its ubiquity and ease of use, has provided the tools for institutions, professionals, and individual members of society to tell their own stories, to share their own talents, to play their own music, both literally and figuratively, and to otherwise express themselves as never before. In translating their culture onto YouTube, Mormons have been able to do all of this, with an additional focus on sharing their beliefs, values, and religion, both directly and indirectly. While elements of Mormon belief, history and society can be found reflected in their YouTube videos, Moreover, YouTube has allowed Mormons and other cultures to refine and add new dimensions to their cultures, which in turn has helped to reshape their societies. In this symbiotic process, culture continues to develop the societies that create it.
Some results on $2^{n-m}$ designs of resolution IV with (weak) minimum aberration
Creators: name: Chen, Hegang H.
name: Cheng, Ching-Shui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62K15 (Primary)

description: It is known that all resolution IV regular $2^{n-m}$ designs of run size $N=2^{n-m}$ where $5N/16
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOS670 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
The Comparative Fallacy in UG Studies
Creators: name: Park, Eun Sung
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2004

description: In his well-known paper, Bley-Vroman (1983) discusses the potentially harmful effect of the comparative fallacy, in which “the linguistic description of learners’ language may be seriously hindered or sidetracked by a concern with the target language” (p. 2). In order to avoid the problem, he urges researchers to focus on linguistic descriptions of learners’ languages with respect to their own logic, rather than comparing them with those of native speakers (NSs). Similarly, Cook (1999) cautions that many second language acquisition (SLA) research methods, such as grammaticality judgments, obligatory occurrences, and error analysis, involve comparing the second language (L2) speaker’s language with that of a native speaker. He also argues against measuring the success or failure of an L2 learner’s language use against native norms. Such arguments on the comparative fallacy (CF) are well-grounded, especially with regard to studies which employ direct comparison of a learner’s performance with NS norms. However, it may also be the case that the use of NS criterion could be useful in some studies, especially in Universal Grammar (UG)-related studies which focus on the nature of learners’ mental representations or interlanguage grammar (ILG), rather than their performance.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 4 No. 1 (2004)
Additional file 1 of Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and plasma IL-6 in discontinuation of continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration for severe acute kidney injury: a multicenter prospective observational study
Creators: name: Komaru, Yohei
name: Oguchi, Moe
name: Sadahiro, Tomohito
name: Nakada, Taka-aki
name: Hattori, Noriyuki
name: Moriguchi, Takeshi
name: Goto, Junko
name: Shiga, Hidetoshi
name: Kikuchi, Yoshihiko
name: Negi, Shigeo
name: Shigematsu, Takashi
name: Kuriyama, Naohide
name: Nakamura, Tomoyuki
name: Doi, Kent
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1: CVVHDF settings for the included patients. Table S2: Multivariate logistic regression for survival during CVVHDF. Table S3: CVVHDF settings for the CVVHDF survivors. Table S4: Urinary NGAL levels of the CVVHDF survivors. Figure S1: Urinary and plasma biomarkers at initiation and discontinuation of CVVHDF in patients with sepsis.
Hydraulic and Financial Comparison of Combined and Separate Sewer Systems for a Residential Colony in Islamabad
Creators: name: Shafquat Ali Aslam, Shafquat Ali Aslam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Civil Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Hydraulics
subject: Sewer System
subject: Financial Comparison
subject: Engineering
subject: Water Resources
subject: Public Health Engineering
subject: Infrastructure Development
subject: Hydrology
subject: Drainage System

description: Purpose of this study is to check suitability of system selection by doing hydraulic and financial comparison subjected networks.
title: Effect of an Aquatic Environment on Dual-Task Performance in Older Adults
Creators: name: Patterson, Devin
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: Background: Older adults tend to have difficulty maintaining balance. It has been suggested that the aquatic environment may provide a safer and more challenging alternative to land for balance training. It has also been suggested that the performance of a dual cognitive-balance task paradigm may increase the competition for cortical resources needed to maintain balance. There is a need to evaluate the influence of an aquatic environment on the performance of a combined cognitive and motor task paradigm in older adults. Purpose: To assess the effects of an aquatic environment on the performance of cognitive and motor tasks in older adults using a dual-task paradigm. Methods: Twenty-one older adults performed a cognitive and motor task separately and simultaneously on land and in water. Cognitive and motor performance measures were number of listening errors and 95% ellipse area center of pressure (balance), respectively. Results: A significant main effect for environment on listening errors was observed (p = 0.001, effect size [ES] = 0.82). Participants made 37.5% (single-task) and 72.3% (dual-task) fewer listening errors when performing the auditory vigilance test in water versus land respectively. A significant main effect of environment on CoP sway was observed (p = 0.003, ES = -1.19). CoP sway areas were 58.3% (single-task) and 64.4% (dual-task) greater in water versus land respectively. Conclusion: Results suggest that older adults make fewer ‘cognitive’ errors when immersed in water compared to on land. This may be beneficial to older adults who are involved in aquatic-based exercise and rehabilitation.
Experimental and numerical studies of terahertz surface waves on a thin metamaterial film
Creators: name: Reinhard, Benjamin
name: Paul, Oliver
name: Beigang, Rene
name: Rahm, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present experimental and numerical studies of localized terahertz surface waves on a subwavelength-thick metamaterial film consisting of in-plane split-ring resonators. A simple and intuitive model is derived that describes the propagation of surface waves as guided modes in a waveguide filled with a Lorentz-like medium. The effective medium model allows to deduce the dispersion relation of the surface waves in excellent agreement with the numerical data obtained from 3-D full-wave calculations. Both the accuracy of the analytical model and the numerical calculations are confirmed by spectroscopic terahertz time domain measurements.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
Avoiding the Comparative Fallacy: A Review of Two Recent SLA Studies
Creators: name: Murphy, Shirin
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2004

description: One of the most common approaches to studying L2 acquisition involves the comparison of L2 performance and L1 norms with regard to a particular linguistic feature. However, as Bley-Vroman (1983) points out, such an approach can be misleading, since the L1 norms may not be as clear-cut as the researchers claim, and the L2 errors may actually represent a systematic application of the learner’s developing target-language system. Rehner, Mougeon, & Nadasdi (2003) and Liu and Gleason (2002) represent two recent studies that examine L2 acquisition of particular target features. The following review will look at the ways in which the researchers take into account both L1 variability and the subtleties of the target features in order to gain a more accurate perspective on the L2 acquisition process.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 4 No. 1 (2004)
title: Investigations into mapping lava flows in the Snake River Plain, Idaho
Creators: name: Hobson-Broko, Vinita Ruth
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2009

description: The origin of the Snake River plain continues to be debated, but the plume model is most popular at the current time. Some theories, such as meteorite impact, have been excluded, but the remaining theories require more scrutiny.
Various methods of examining phenomena in the Snake River Plain were employed. Unsupervised classification of Landsat ETM data indicates that spectra can be used to differentiate between flows. However, photographs of flows at Craters of the Moon National Monument show wide variations in texture and color within a single flow. Vegetation grows preferentially on the smoother pahoehoe slabs and significantly impacting the spectra observed through remote sensing. Additional vegetation would prohibit using Landsat ETM to map lava flows reliably. Landsat ETM is not a viable method to map the lava flows in quadrangles Twin Falls NE, Hunt, and Eden NE, since they have significantly more loess and vegetative cover.
Elevation data reveal the locations of the ramparts at the source vent, but do not define the edge of a flow except when an inflated lobe terminates the flow. Field observations of terrain and geochemical analysis of samples defines the flows and their source vent.
Multidimensional basis of p-adic wavelets and representation theory
Creators: name: Albeverio, S.
name: Kozyrev, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A multidimensional basis of p-adic wavelets is constructed. The relation of the constructed basis to a system of coherent states (i.e. orbit of action) for some $p$-adic group of linear transformations is discussed. We show that the set of products of the vectors from the constructed basis and p-roots of one is the orbit of the corresponding p-adic group of linear transformations.
description: 12 pages
Additional file 1 of Understanding the spatial heterogeneity of COVID-19 vaccination uptake in England
Creators: name: Chen, Huanfa
name: Cao, Yanjia
name: Feng, Lingru
name: Zhao, Qunshan
name: Torres, José Rafael Verduzco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
The Comparative Fallacy in Tone Perception Studies
Creators: name: Liu, Yeu-Ting
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2004

description: During the past few decades, linguists have been striving to investigate language-specific phenomena in addition to their efforts to construct a model of language processing in general. Psycholinguistic studies have been following the same trends by employing a comparative perspective in research on spoken-language processing by human listeners. The aim of this practice is to provide a unified account pertaining to all human listeners, and is therefore valid irrespective of the language which is listened to. It is true that universal characteristics of language processing can only be accurately observed cross-linguistically. However, Bley-Vroman (1983) warned that work aimed at classifying the development or the systematicity of learners’ languages can be seriously sidetracked by a comparative approach or a reliance on the target language (TL) structure. Bley-Vroman contended that the interlanguage (IL) system “is worthy of study in its own right, and should not be taken just as a degenerate form of the target system” (p. 4).
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 4 No. 1 (2004)
title: Effect of Cholesterol and Ibuprofen on DMPC-β-Aescin Bicelles: A Temperature-Dependent Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering Study
Creators: name: Geisler, Ramsia
name: Prévost, Sylvain
name: Dattani, Rajeev
name: Hellweg, Thomas
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2022

description: β-aescin is a versatile biosurfactant extracted from the seeds of the horse chestnut tree Aesculus hippocastanum with anti-cancer potential and is commonly used in the food and pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. In this article, wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) is used in order to study the modifications of the structural parameters at the molecular scale of lipid bilayers in the form of bicelles composed of 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) and the triterpenoid saponin β-aescin. In particular, the impact on the cooperative phase transition and the structural parameters of the DMPC bilayers at different compositions and temperatures is of special interest. Moreover, we show how cholesterol and the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) ibuprofen modulate the structural parameters of the β-aescin-DMPC assemblies on a molecular scale. Ibuprofen and cholesterol interact with different parts of the bilayer, namely the head-region in the former and the tail-region in the latter case allowing for specific molecular packing and phase formation in the binary and ternary mixtures.
Repulsive Casimir force at zero and finite temperature
Creators: name: Lim, S. C.
name: Teo, L. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the zero and finite temperature Casimir force acting on a perfectly conducting piston with arbitrary cross section moving inside a closed cylinder with infinitely permeable walls. We show that at any temperature, the Casimir force always tends to move the piston away from the walls and towards its equilibrium position. In the case of rectangular piston, exact expressions for the Casimir force are derived. In the high temperature regime, we show that the leading term of the Casimir force is linear in temperature and therefore the Casimir force has a classical limit. Due to duality, all these result also hold for an infinitely permeable piston moving inside a closed cylinder with perfectly conducting walls.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables
The Comparative Fallacy: An Analysis and Discussion of Selected Research
Creators: name: Kwon, Eun-Young
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2004

description: Ever since the introduction of the “independent grammars assumption,” whereby a child is said to have its own grammar and not just an imitation of adult language, first language (L1) acquisition researchers such as Martin Braine (1963) and others have constructed grammars for children’s languages rather than treat them as defective adult grammars. This is based on the view that language learners create grammars of their own, rather than master the target grammar imperfectly. Thus, at any moment, a child’s grammar is an independent system. In second language acquisition (SLA) research this notion has led to several slightly variant conclusions. On the one hand, second language (L2) learners should be treated as already having a language of their own, not just as poor beginning learners of the target language, and should be encouraged to create a system from experience and internal resources rather than have the target language thrust down their throats by teachers (Johnson & Johnson, 1998). In reality, however, as Cook (1999) asserts, “SLA research has often fallen into the comparative fallacy (Bley-Vroman, 1983) of relating the L2 learner to the native speaker” (p. 189).
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 4 No. 1 (2004)
title: Decision Problems
Creators: name: Anderson, Lowell
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1965

description: From an intuitive point of view the notion of effective procedure consists of a set of rules or instructions that enables one, in a finite number of steps and in a purely mechanical way, to answer yes or no to any one of a given class of questions. This procedure requires no intelligence to carry out the instructions and, in fact, it is con­ceivable that some mechanical contrivance may be constructed to carry out these instructions. Should such an effective procedure exist, that answers either yes or no, then the group of problems in question is said to be effectively decidable; otherwise not decidable. In this paper, some of the more important properties of the pro­positional and predicate calculi will be established with the thought in mind of considering the notion of effective procedure relative to these properties. In achieving this end, the propositional and predicate calculi will be considered in a purely formal context. Formal in the sense that on the outset the symbols employed within the theories will be devoid of any interpretation. Later, however, an interpretation will be placed on these symbols in order to answer certain questions concern­ing decidability. In considering the propositional and predicate calculi as formal theories, a distinction must be drawn between those symbols used in the particular theory and the language used to describe this theory. The former use will be referred to as the object language and the latter as the syntax or metalanguage. The object language, for the formal theory under consideration, will
be given explicitely, whereas the metalanguage will consist of, only that portion of the English language needed to clearly describe the formal system. In some instances, since no confusion will result, certain symbols may appear not only in the object language but also in the metalanguage. This will be evident by the two-fold use of the symbols: ~, >,, (, ), and '. Should specific reference be made to some one of the symbols of the theory, this symbol will be enclosed in single quotes. Furthermore, the reasoning employed in establishing results about the formal systems will consist only of those notions which have great intuitive appeal. Included among these will be mathematical induction.
Renormalization-group investigation of the S=1 random antiferromagnetic Heisenberg Chain
Creators: name: Lajkó, Péter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce variants of the Ma-Dasgupta renormalization-group approach for random quantum spin chains, in which the energy-scale is reduced by decimation built on either perturbative or non-perturbative principles. In one non-perturbative version of the method, we require the exact invariance of the lowest gaps, while in a second class of perturbative Ma-Dasgupta techniques, different decimation rules are utilized. For the S=1 random antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain, both type of methods provide the same type of disorder dependent phase diagram, which is in agreement with density-matrix renormalization-group calculations and previous studies.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Spatial correlators in strongly coupled plasmas
Creators: name: Iqbal, Nabil
name: Meyer, Harvey B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically calculate the spatial correlators of the scalar and pseudoscalar operators $F^2$ and $F\tilde F$, in SU(3) Yang-Mills theory at zero and finite-temperature on the lattice. We compare the results over the distances $\frac{1}{2T}
description: 32 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables; added some references, more detailed captions, conclusions unchanged
The Comparative Fallacy in SLA Literature
Creators: name: Kim, Ji Hyun
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2004

description: Learners’ language has been described as transitional competence (Corder, 1967) and interlanguage (Selinker, 1972), and it has been categorized as a natural language (Adjemian, 1976). This indicates that learners possess their own languages. However, the question remains whether or not learners’ language has been explained and understood on its own, and not merely compared to target-language (TL) norms in the SLA literature (Cook, 1999). Bley-Vroman (1983) asserts that comparing learners’ language to TL norms may preclude researchers from an understanding of the systematic nature of a learner’s system, which in turn results in the comparative fallacy. He also warns that “[t]he comparative fallacy can have very serious effects on the validity of empirical studies in the way that it influences the interpretation and classification of data” (p. 15).
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 4 No. 1 (2004)
The Comparative Fallacy Reflected in L2 Proficiency Tests
Creators: name: Galaczi, Árpád
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2004

description: Most language learners and language teachers around the world, if asked about their dream goal, would say something to the effect of: “(for my students) to speak/write/sound like a native speaker.” While this is a natural and understandable striving – given that native speakers are the most proficient users of any language – it sets adult language learners up for ultimate failure. Even though in a handful of documented cases some adult L2 learners do achieve this goal, they are rather the exceptions than the norm and most post-puberty language learners stop short of native-like performance. As Cook (1999) puts it: “Whether or not one accepts that some L2 users can pass for native speakers, these passers form an extremely small percentage of L2 users. [They are] as typical of human beings as are Olympic high jumpers or opera singers” (p. 191). He goes on to make the point that L2 users should be viewed in their own right, as proficient users of highly complex linguistic systems (interlanguages) and not in terms of what they are not: “L2 users (should) be viewed as multicompetent language users rather than as deficient native speakers” (p. 185).
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 4 No. 1 (2004)
Benchmarking GW against exact diagonalization for semi-empirical models
Creators: name: Kaasbjerg, K.
name: Thygesen, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate groundstate total energies and single-particle excitation energies of seven pi conjugated molecules described with the semi-empirical Pariser-Parr-Pople (PPP) model using self-consistent many-body perturbation theory at the GW level and exact diagonalization. For the total energies GW captures around 65% of the groundstate correlation energy. The lowest lying excitations are overscreened by GW leading to an underestimation of electron affinities and ionization potentials by approximately 0.15 eV corresponding to 2.5%. One-shot G_0W_0 calculations starting from Hartree-Fock reduce the screening and improve the low-lying excitation energies. The effect of the GW self-energy on the molecular excitation energies is shown to be similar to the inclusion of final state relaxations in Hartree-Fock theory. We discuss the break down of the GW approximation in systems with short range interactions (Hubbard models) where correlation effects dominate over screening/relaxation effects. Finally we illustrate the important role of the derivative discontinuity of the true exchange-correlation functional by computing the exact Kohn-Sham levels of benzene.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Combining inhomogeneous magnetization transfer and myelin water imaging at 9.4T
Creators: name: Novoselova, Maria
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Myelin is an important biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis. It is for this reason that there has been a concerted effort to enhance myelin imaging techniques. Two established methods in this pursuit are myelin water imaging (MWI) and inhomogeneous magnetization transfer (ihMT). Combining these approaches has the potential to further elucidate the microenvironment surrounding myelin. In this study, the viability of this joint method is investigated on a 9.4 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner, focusing on pulse sequence implementation and optimizations. The method is then applied to a cohort of 17 formalin-fixed rat spinal cord samples, collected at various stages post-injury: six controls, five at 3 weeks post-injury, and six at 8 weeks post-injury, with the aim to gain insight on the myelin degradation process. Specifically, data with various levels of dipolar relaxation (T₁D) filtering was acquired, selecting for protons experiencing predominantly dipolar coupling, such as those within myelin. These datasets were then subjected to fitting within an expanded 4-pool model framework to extract T₁D for myelin and non-myelin semisolids, as an indirect measure of myelin content. It was discovered that the 9.4T scanner’s high field strength rendered the T₂ value of myelin water too short to be resolved under standard imaging conditions, despite advantages in improved resolution and SNR. This led to truncated myelin water peaks within the T₂ distributions, consequently distorting area estimates under these curves. Additionally, it impeded the scanner’s ability to detect the impact of dual saturation pulses on the myelin water compartment, thereby obstructing subsequent analyses such as determining T₁D. This work underscores the importance of considering field strength when pursuing myelin imaging, highlighting the need for exploration at lower field strengths to harness the full diagnostic potential of this method.
Ferroelectricity in multiferroic magnetite Fe3O4 driven by noncentrosymmetric Fe2+/Fe3+ charge-ordering: First-principles study
Creators: name: Yamauchi, Kunihiko
name: Fukushima, Tetsuya
name: Picozzi, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of first-principles simulations, we unambiguously show that improper ferroelectricity in magnetite in the low-temperature insulating phase is driven by charge-ordering. An accurate comparison between monoclinic ferroelectric Cc and paraelectric P2/c structures shows that the polarization arises because of "shifts" of electronic charge between octahedral Fe sites, leading to a non-centrosymmetric Fe2+/Fe3+ charge-ordered pattern. Our predicted values for polarization, in good agreement with available experimental values, are discussed in terms of point-charge dipoles located on selected Fe tetrahedra, pointing to a manifest example of electronic ferroelectricity driven by charge rearrangement.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
The IR Luminosity Functions of Rich Clusters
Creators: name: Bai, Lei
name: Rieke, George H.
name: Rieke, Marcia J.
name: Christlein, Daniel
name: Zabludoff, Ann I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present MIPS observations of the cluster A3266. About 100 spectroscopic cluster members have been detected at 24 micron. The IR luminosity function in A3266 is very similar to that in the Coma cluster down to the detection limit L_IR~10^43 ergs/s, suggesting a universal form of the bright end IR LF for local rich clusters with M~10^15 M_sun. The shape of the bright end of the A3266-Coma composite IR LF is not significantly different from that of nearby field galaxies, but the fraction of IR-bright galaxies (SFR > 0.2M_sun/yr) in both clusters increases with cluster-centric radius. The decrease of the blue galaxy fraction toward the high density cores only accounts for part of the trend; the fraction of red galaxies with moderate SFRs (0.2 < SFR < 1 M_sun/yr) also decreases with increasing galaxy density. These results suggest that for the IR bright galaxies, nearby rich clusters are distinguished from the field by a lower star-forming galaxy fraction, but not by a change in L*_IR. The composite IR LF of Coma and A3266 shows strong evolution when compared with the composite IR LF of two z~0.8 clusters, MS 1054 and RX J0152, with L*_IR \propto (1+z)^{3.2+/-0.7},Phi*_IR \propto (1+z)^{1.7+/-1.0}. This L*_IR evolution is indistinguishable from that in the field, and the Phi*_IR evolution is stronger, but still consistent with that in the field. The similarity of the evolution of bright-end IR LF in very different cluster and field environments suggests either this evolution is driven by the mechanism that works in both environments, or clusters continually replenish their star-forming galaxies from the field, yielding an evolution in the IR LF that is similar to the field. The mass-normalized integrated star formation rates (SFRs) of clusters within 0.5R_200 also evolve strongly with redshift, as (1+z)^5.3.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, accepted by ApJ
Additional file 1 of Galectin-1 promotes angiogenesis and chondrogenesis during antler regeneration
Creators: name: Li, Xunsheng
name: Shi, Wanwan
name: Wei, Guanning
name: Lv, Jinpeng
name: Wang, Datao
name: Xing, Baorui
name: Zhou, Jue
name: Zhao, Jianwei
name: Sun, Hongmei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Tissue sampling sites of AP, PP, FP and antler growth center. A The antlerogenic periosteumis located above the eye sockets on both sides and develops into pedicle during puberty. Note the bulges on both sides. Facial periosteumswas used as a control in this study. B Pedicle periosteumis located below the antler. Pedicle is a permanent bone post derived from AP and does not fall off with antler. Notice the pedicle below the dotted line. C The growth center is about 5 cm on the tip of antler. According to the degree of antler stem cell differentiation, it can be divided into reserve mesenchyme, pre-cartilage, transition zone, and cartilagefrom distal to proximal.
Spectroscopic Evidence for a 5.4-Minute Orbital Period in HM Cancri
Creators: name: Roelofs, G. H. A.
name: Rau, A.
name: Marsh, T. R.
name: Steeghs, D.
name: Groot, P. J.
name: Nelemans, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HM Cancri is a candidate ultracompact binary white dwarf with an apparent orbital period of only 5.4 minutes, as suggested by X-ray and optical light-curve modulations on that period, and by the absence of longer-period variability. In this Letter we present Keck-I spectroscopy which shows clear modulation of the helium emission lines in both radial velocity and amplitude on the 5.4-minute period and no other. The data strongly suggest that the binary is emitting He I 4471 from the irradiated face of the cooler, less massive star, and He II 4686 from a ring around the more massive star. From their relative radial velocities, we measure a mass ratio q=0.50+/-0.13. We conclude that the observed 5.4-minute period almost certainly represents the orbital period of an interacting binary white dwarf. We thus confirm that HM Cnc is the shortest-period binary star known: a unique test for stellar evolution theory, and one of the strongest known sources of gravitational waves for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA).
description: Accepted to ApJ Letters
title: Laplace, Finite Fourier Sine and Cosine, Transformations
Creators: name: Wynn, Jan Eugene
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1965

description: The Laplace and finite Fourier sine transforms can be used to solve certain boundary value problems. Also the Laplace transform is a useful took in solving some integral and integrodifferential equations. This report is composed of transform solutions of seventeen such applied problems, while the author's first report is focused towards the theoretical aspect of these transforms.
Several different types of problems are solved in this report. Among these are Bessel's classical differential equation of index n, two electrical circuit problems, a beam problem, a vibrating string problem, a heat flow problem, and a temperature gradient problem.
One of the objectives of this report is to illustrate several operation properties of the Laplace and finite Fourier sine transforms. Therefore, various methods of inverting transforms are employed to provide diversification.
Computational Complexities and Breaches in Authentication Frameworks of Broadband Wireless Access
Creators: name: Hashmi, Raheel Maqsood
name: Siddiqui, Arooj Mubashara
name: Jabeen, Memoona
name: Alimgeer, Khurram S.
name: Khan, Shahid A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Secure access of communication networks has become an increasingly important area of consideration for the communication service providers of present day. Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) networks are proving to be an efficient and cost effective solution for the provisioning of high rate wireless traffic links in static and mobile domains. The secure access of these networks is necessary to ensure their superior operation and revenue efficacy. Although authentication process is a key to secure access in BWA networks, the breaches present in them limit the networks performance. In this paper, the vulnerabilities in the authentication frameworks of BWA networks have been unveiled. Moreover, this paper also describes the limitations of these protocols and of the solutions proposed to them due to the involved computational complexities and overheads. The possible attacks on privacy and performance of BWA networks have been discussed and explained in detail.
description: 5 Pages IEEE format, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, IJCSIS 2009, ISSN 1947 5500, Impact factor 0.423,http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
title: Estimation of Irregular Spacing on Sugar Beets and its Effect on their Chemical Measurements and Weight
Creators: name: Aghabeigi, Ahmad Ali
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1966

description: In an attempt to improve the yield and quality of the sugar beet, many problems arise as to the effect of "growing space" on the individual beets. Large quantities of chemical data can be collected on individual beets and the problem of reducing this data to a suitable and understandable effect of space on the chemical data needs investigating. In the past this reduction process has been accomplished by slow hand calculation methods , thus making it virtually impossible for the scientist to analyze and propose corrective measures at the time they are needed . With the use of high speed computing equipment this need no longer be a major facto r of concern to the research worker today, and it is felt that the mathematical models involved can be solved . It is the purpose of this study to develop a prog ram utilizing computers to solve a typical problem of the effect of space on individual beets.
Investigating the Foreign Language Needs of Professional School Students in International Affairs: A Case Study
Creators: name: Purpura, James E.
name: Graziano-King, Janine
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2004

description: On-going demographic changes and increasing globalization have challenged professional schools to prepare students for the plurilinguistic and pluricultural realities of the workplace both within and across national boundaries. Given these evolving workplace realities, professional schools may need to re-assess the degree to which their students’ career needs are being met by existing language programs, so that policy and resources can be adjusted accordingly. The current inquiry reports on a large-scale assessment designed to investigate the foreign language needs of students in the School of International and Public Affairs (SIPA) at Columbia University and to evaluate the degree to which these needs are being addressed. Recognizing that different stakeholders may have opposing perceptions of foreign language needs, this study utilized a conceptual model of needs assessment that surveyed multiple sources of data within and across a variety of stakeholder groups. These perceived needs were then examined and compared. The findings showed a disparity among the needs of the professional school students, foreign language instruction, and SIPA’s language policy. The model of needs assessment used in this study served as an invaluable framework for examining the different dimensions of foreign language needs.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 4 No. 1 (2004)
title: Bayesian Inference
Creators: name: Wu, Sing-chou
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1966

description: Bayes' original paper "Essay Towards Solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Change" was published in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, 1763. Over 200 years, Bayes' Concepts have survived numerous critical onslaughts. Even though Bayesian Inference is still regarded as being somewhat unorthodox, it is becoming more generally accepted each year by statisticians and other scientists.
It is the purpose of this paper to provide a bird's-eye view of Bayesian Inference with emphasis on the comparison of Bayesian approaches and conventional approaches. This paper is written for those who have had about one year's background in mathematical statistics.
Some conclusions from Bayesian Inferences and classic inferences are essentially the same. However, it is informative to know how a problem can be handled by two completely different procedures, even though the conclusions are the same. What is more, the Bayesian approach does have some advantages over the classic approach. Sometimes the Bayesian approach can handle a problem which has not been solved by the classic approach. For example. an exact test of the differences between two normal means with unequal variances can be developed by introducing Behrens' distribution; a solution has not been obtained by classical methods.
New Algorithmic Approaches for Computing Optimal Network Paths with Several Types of QoS Constraints
Creators: name: Andreica, Mugurel Ionut
name: Tapus, Nicolae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.2.2; G.2.1

description: The problem of efficiently delivering data within networks is very important nowadays, especially in the context of the large volumes of data which are being produced each year and of the increased data access needs of the users. Efficient data delivery strategies must satisfy several types of Quality of Service (QoS) constraints which are imposed by the data consumers. One possibility of achieving this goal (particularly in the case of in-order data transfers) is to choose a satisfactory network delivery path. In this paper we present novel algorithmic approaches for computing optimal network paths which satisfy several types of (QoS) constraints.
title: Topics in Semigroups
Creators: name: Jenson, Merlin Ray
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1967

description: The semigroup theories of fundamental importance were discovered in 1928 with the publication of a paper by A. K. Suschkewitsch. The paper is included in the only book published prior to 1961 dealing primarily with the algebraic theory of semigroups. The book written by the above author and published in 1937 is entitles "The Theory of Generalized Groups."
Since 1940 the number of papers on semigroups has increased to approximately 30 per year. Thus we find ourselves in the midst of a new and expanding area of mathematics. Our interest centers around the structure of semigroups and their representation by mappings. Therefore it is necessary that the reader be familiar with sets, mappings, groups, and lattices.
Additional file 2 of Galectin-1 promotes angiogenesis and chondrogenesis during antler regeneration
Creators: name: Li, Xunsheng
name: Shi, Wanwan
name: Wei, Guanning
name: Lv, Jinpeng
name: Wang, Datao
name: Xing, Baorui
name: Zhou, Jue
name: Zhao, Jianwei
name: Sun, Hongmei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Western-blots images.
An Investigation of an ESL Placement Test of Writing Using Manyfacet Rasch Measurement
Creators: name: Park, Taejoon
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2004

description: Because performance assessment, such as a composition test, introduces a range of factors that may influence the chances of success for a candidate on the test, those in charge of monitoring quality control for performance assessment programs need to gather information that will help them determine whether all aspects of the programs are working as intended. In the present study, Many-facet Rasch measurement (Linacre, 1989) was employed to examine the effects of various sources of variability on students’ performance on an ESL placement test of writing and also to investigate the validity of the assigned scores for students’ essays.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 4 No. 1 (2004)
Climatology and Trends of Tornado-Favorable Atmospheric Ingredients in the United States
Creators: name: Moore, Todd W.
name: St. Clair, Jennifer M.
name: McGuire, Michael P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Tornadoes cause numerous fatalities and injuries each year in the United States. Understanding the geographic distribution of tornado risk and how it changes over time is critical to our ability to communicate risk and heighten public awareness and preparation—all part of our attempt to reduce the number of tornado-related fatalities and injuries. Tornadoes are most common when certain atmospheric conditions are met, namely, in a humid, unstable atmosphere with vertical wind shear. In this study, we generate seasonal climatologies and track seasonal changes of these atmospheric conditions. Each of these atmospheric conditions is found to change in different ways, creating unique spatiotemporal combinations. For example, wind shear and moisture increased in winter in the Midwest and Mid-South along with tornado counts. In spring, instability, wind shear, and moisture increased by various amounts through the Midwest and Mid-South. In addition to changes in the mean state of atmospheric conditions, trends herein show that variability is also changing. Notable changes include increases in the variability of convective available potential energy in the western portions of the north and south Great Plains in spring and summer and an increase in the variability of wind shear in the Midwest and Mid-South in fall. This study illustrates that atmospheric ingredients interact in complex ways. When considered with other studies, this study also shows that changing atmospheric conditions could be contributing to changes in tornado activity in the United States.
Acquisition of the English Article System by Speakers of Polish in ESL and EFL Settings
Creators: name: Ekiert, Monika
Publisher: name: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Year: 2004

description: This paper examines the second language (L2) developmental sequence of article acquisition by adult language learners in two different environments: English as a Second Language (ESL), and English as a Foreign Language (EFL). On the basis of an existing classification of English articles (a, the, zero), data on article usage were obtained from adult learners who were native speakers of Polish, a language that has no articles or article-like morphemes. Data analyses led to some limited conclusions about the order of acquisition of the English article system, and may contribute to a more detailed understanding of the nature of interlanguage representations.
description: Studies in Applied Linguistics and TESOL, Vol. 4 No. 1 (2004)
title: Tests of Independence in Contingency Tables
Creators: name: Wongbhan, Su-feng
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1966

description: This report is a survey of the literature for a combination of different tests for both two-way and multi-way tests of independence in contingency tables. The derivation of the commonly used chi-square statistic for the tests will be shown immediately below, then followed by the summary of the different tests which will be the contents of this report.
The neurobiology of sleep and emotional regulation in infants and young children aged 0-5 years: a scoping review
Creators: name: Finlay-Jones, Amy
name: Whitehouse, Andrew
name: Downs, Jenny
name: Kottampally, Keerthi
name: Rigney, Gabrielle
name: Bayliss, Donna
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: children
subject: emotion regulation
subject: infants
subject: scoping review
subject: sleep

description: Sleep problems and irritability are both risk factors of and highly comorbid with a range of childhood psychiatric disorders. In the last decade, research has begun to establish a complex, bidirectional relationship between sleep problems and irritability, postulating that they are complementary, neurobehavioral operations with shared neural circuitry.
The aim of this scoping review is to understand the extent and type of evidence in relation to the shared neural correlates of sleep problems and irritability in infants and young children aged 0-5 years. This review will follow the established JBI methodology for scoping reviews. A comprehensive search of electronic databases for academic and gray literature will be conducted. Relevant information will be extracted from included studies, summarised in tables/diagrams and synthesised into a narrative summary.