cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Hidden Cost of Using Amazon Mechanical Turk for Research
Creators: name: Saravanos, Antonios
name: Zervoudakis, Stavros
name: Zheng, Dongnanzi
name: Stott, Neil
name: Hawryluk, Bohdan
name: Delfino, Donatella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this study, we investigate the attentiveness exhibited by participants sourced through Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk), thereby discovering a significant level of inattentiveness amongst the platform's top crowd workers (those classified as 'Master', with an 'Approval Rate' of 98% or more, and a 'Number of HITS approved' value of 1,000 or more). A total of 564 individuals from the United States participated in our experiment. They were asked to read a vignette outlining one of four hypothetical technology products and then complete a related survey. Three forms of attention check (logic, honesty, and time) were used to assess attentiveness. Through this experiment we determined that a total of 126 (22.3%) participants failed at least one of the three forms of attention check, with most (94) failing the honesty check - followed by the logic check (31), and the time check (27). Thus, we established that significant levels of inattentiveness exist even among the most elite MTurk workers. The study concludes by reaffirming the need for multiple forms of carefully crafted attention checks, irrespective of whether participant quality is presumed to be high according to MTurk criteria such as 'Master', 'Approval Rate', and 'Number of HITS approved'. Furthermore, we propose that researchers adjust their proposals to account for the effort and costs required to address participant inattentiveness.
description: 19 pages
Edad de inicio del declive cognitivo en la enfermedad de Alzheimer Familiar. Estudio longitudinal, retrospectivo en la cohorte con mutación E280A en PSEN1. IX congreso Cerebro y Mente: la integración” en la ciudad de Guadalajara México. Mayo 2016
Creators: name: Aguirre-Acevedo, Daniel Camilo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biomarkers
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110308 Geriatrics and Gerontology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
subject: 110999 Neurosciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified

description: Introducción: La mutación E280A se encuentra en el cromosoma 14, afecta el gen de la presenilina 1 (PSEN1), fue descubierta en las regiones del norte de Antioquia- Colombia, hace 25 años. Se caracteriza por tener un patrón autosómico dominante de penetrancia completa y una edad de inicio antes de los 65 años, siendo los 49 años la edad promedio de instauración del cuadro de demencia y de 44 del deterioro cognitivo leve (DCL). Objetivo. El presente trabajo, tuvo como objetivo principal determinar la edad de inicio del declive cognitivo. Adicionalmente se exploró el efecto de factores individuales, socioeconómicos y genéticos asociados al declive cognitivo en portadores de la mutación E280A en el gen de la presenilina 1. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de cohorte longitudinal, retrospectivo. Se utilizó la batería de evaluación neuropsicológica del CERAD. Por medio de un modelo de efectos mixtos se determinaron: 1. La edad de inicio del declive cognitivo. 2. Asociación de factores con el declive cognitivo. Resultados y conclusiones: El principal hallazgo es que el declive cognitivo en portadores de la mutación E280a en PSEN1, evaluado por la prueba de evocación de lista de palabras del CERAD, comienza alrededor de los 32 años, 12 años antes de la presentación de los síntomas clínicos. Adicionalmente, se encontró que portadores con escolaridad alta, tenían un inicio 3 años mayor que aquellos con escolaridad baja. Estos resultados confirman una etapa preclínica evidenciada por las pruebas cognitivas. La escolaridad en esta población parece tener efecto protector en retardar el inicio del declive pero no en la velocidad de deterioro cognitivo.
Can stable and accurate neural networks be computed? -- On the barriers of deep learning and Smale's 18th problem
Creators: name: Colbrook, Matthew J.
name: Antun, Vegard
name: Hansen, Anders C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Deep learning (DL) has had unprecedented success and is now entering scientific computing with full force. However, current DL methods typically suffer from instability, even when universal approximation properties guarantee the existence of stable neural networks (NNs). We address this paradox by demonstrating basic well-conditioned problems in scientific computing where one can prove the existence of NNs with great approximation qualities, however, there does not exist any algorithm, even randomised, that can train (or compute) such a NN. For any positive integers $K > 2$ and $L$, there are cases where simultaneously: (a) no randomised training algorithm can compute a NN correct to $K$ digits with probability greater than $1/2$, (b) there exists a deterministic training algorithm that computes a NN with $K-1$ correct digits, but any such (even randomised) algorithm needs arbitrarily many training data, (c) there exists a deterministic training algorithm that computes a NN with $K-2$ correct digits using no more than $L$ training samples. These results imply a classification theory describing conditions under which (stable) NNs with a given accuracy can be computed by an algorithm. We begin this theory by establishing sufficient conditions for the existence of algorithms that compute stable NNs in inverse problems. We introduce Fast Iterative REstarted NETworks (FIRENETs), which we both prove and numerically verify are stable. Moreover, we prove that only $\mathcal{O}(|\log(ε)|)$ layers are needed for an $ε$-accurate solution to the inverse problem.
description: 14 pages + SI Appendix
Parity alternating permutations starting with an odd integer
Creators: name: Kebede, Frether Getachew
name: Rakotondrajao, Fanja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A Parity Alternating Permutation of the set $[n] = \{1, 2,\ldots, n\}$ is a permutation with even and odd entries alternatively. We deal with parity alternating permutations having an odd entry in the first position, PAPs. We study the numbers that count the PAPs with even as well as odd parity. We also study a subclass of PAPs being derangements as well, Parity Alternating Derangements (PADs). Moreover, by considering the parity of these PADs we look into their statistical property of excedance.
Deep Anti-aliasing of Whole Focal Stack Using Slice Spectrum
Creators: name: Li, Yaning
name: Wang, Xue
name: Zhu, Hao
name: Zhou, Guoqing
name: Wang, Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The paper aims at removing the aliasing effects of the whole focal stack generated from a sparse-sampled {4D} light field, while keeping the consistency across all the focal layers. We first explore the structural characteristics embedded in the focal stack slice and its corresponding frequency-domain representation, i.e., the Focal Stack Spectrum (FSS). We observe that the energy distribution of the FSS always resides within the same triangular area under different angular sampling rates, additionally the continuity of the Point Spread Function (PSF) is intrinsically maintained in the FSS. Based on these two observations, we propose a learning-based FSS reconstruction approach for one-time aliasing removing over the whole focal stack. Moreover, a novel conjugate-symmetric loss function is proposed for the optimization. Compared to previous works, our method avoids an explicit depth estimation, and can handle challenging large-disparity scenarios. Experimental results on both synthetic and real light field datasets show the superiority of the proposed approach for different scenes and various angular sampling rates.
Die Top 5 SEO-Massnahmen beim Online-Texten für Autorinnen und Autoren
Creators: name: Göldi, Susan
name: Zachlod, Cécile
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz FHNW
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: SEO-Massnahmen
subject: Schreibstrategien
subject: Schlüsselwörter
subject: Verlinken
subject: Hypertext
subject: Visualisierung
subject: 330 - Wirtschaft
subject: 650 - Management

description: SEO – kurz für Search Engine Optimization – bezeichnet Massnahmen, um Inhalte auf Webseiten oder in Blogbeiträgen bei Suchmaschinen wie Google, Yahoo etc. möglichst weit vorne zu positionieren. Zu einem guten Suchergebnis können die Autorinnen und Autoren von Texten für Online-Medien wesentlich beitragen. Die top 5 Schreibstrategien, die zu einem guten Ranking von Texten führen, sind im Beitrag praxisnah erläutert.
Ausbildungsverbünde als Krisen-Bewältiger und krisenhafte Modelle in der dualen Berufsbildung – Analysen mit dem Instrumentarium der Soziologie der Konventionen
Creators: name: Leemann, Regula Julia
name: Da Rin, Sandra
name: Imdorf, Christian
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz FHNW
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Ausbidungsverbünde
subject: Krise Berufsbildung
subject: 300 - Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie
subject: 370 - Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Seit den 1990er Jahren wird das duale Berufsbildungssystem in den deutschsprachigen Ländern von Krisenszenarien begleitet. Es biete zu wenige Ausbildungsplätze, sei für die heutigen Jugendlichen nicht mehr attraktiv, bereite ungenügend auf die Anforderungen der heutigen Arbeitswelt vor und diskriminiere Jugendliche bei der Lehrstellensuche. Um die Qualität der dualen Berufsbildung zu verbessern, haben die verantwortlichen Behörden Ende der 1990er Jahre deshalb ein neues Modell in der dualen Berufsbildung – sogenannte Ausbildungsverbünde – lanciert, bei denen Betriebe gemeinsam Jugendliche ausbilden. Im Beitrag gehen wir der Frage nach, weshalb und unter welchen Bedingungen sich Betriebe an diesem voraussetzungsvollen und komplex organisierten Modell der Berufsbildung beteiligen und nicht alleine ausbilden. Die einer konventionensoziologischen Sichtweise verpflichtete empirische Analyse geht dabei von der Annahme aus, dass die Betriebe sich bei der Begründung ihrer Beteiligung auf die – auf unterschiedlichen Wertigkeitsordnungen beruhende – gesellschaftliche Kritik an der Berufsbildung beziehen. Diese Frage der Beteiligung wird aus der jeweiligen betrieblichen Situation heraus – welche durch Strukturmerkmale wie Branchenzugehörigkeit, Betriebsgrösse oder Trägerschaft strukturiert ist – interpretiert und bewertet. Für die empirische Untersuchung beziehen wir uns auf vier von uns untersuchte Ausbildungsverbünde in der Schweiz und analysieren Interviews, welche wir mit Vertretern von Ausbildungsbetrieben geführt haben. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass a) die Beteiligung und der weitere Verbleib im Verbund mit Bezug auf unterschiedliche Wertigkeitsordnungen begründet werden, b) betriebliche Merkmale die Rechtfertigungsbasis einer Beteiligung mitbestimmen, und c) die Beteiligung eine brüchige und immer wieder neu zu bestätigende Entscheidung ist, bei der verschiedene Logiken austariert und zu Kompromissformen verbunden werden müssen.
ROAD: The ROad event Awareness Dataset for Autonomous Driving
Creators: name: Singh, Gurkirt
name: Akrigg, Stephen
name: Di Maio, Manuele
name: Fontana, Valentina
name: Alitappeh, Reza Javanmard
name: Saha, Suman
name: Jeddisaravi, Kossar
name: Yousefi, Farzad
name: Culley, Jacob
name: Nicholson, Tom
name: Omokeowa, Jordan
name: Khan, Salman
name: Grazioso, Stanislao
name: Bradley, Andrew
name: Di Gironimo, Giuseppe
name: Cuzzolin, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Humans drive in a holistic fashion which entails, in particular, understanding dynamic road events and their evolution. Injecting these capabilities in autonomous vehicles can thus take situational awareness and decision making closer to human-level performance. To this purpose, we introduce the ROad event Awareness Dataset (ROAD) for Autonomous Driving, to our knowledge the first of its kind. ROAD is designed to test an autonomous vehicle's ability to detect road events, defined as triplets composed by an active agent, the action(s) it performs and the corresponding scene locations. ROAD comprises videos originally from the Oxford RobotCar Dataset annotated with bounding boxes showing the location in the image plane of each road event. We benchmark various detection tasks, proposing as a baseline a new incremental algorithm for online road event awareness termed 3D-RetinaNet. We also report the performance on the ROAD tasks of Slowfast and YOLOv5 detectors, as well as that of the winners of the ICCV2021 ROAD challenge, which highlight the challenges faced by situation awareness in autonomous driving. ROAD is designed to allow scholars to investigate exciting tasks such as complex (road) activity detection, future event anticipation and continual learning. The dataset is available at https://github.com/gurkirt/road-dataset; the baseline can be found at https://github.com/gurkirt/3D-RetinaNet.
description: 29 pages, accepted at TPAMI
Exploring the Effect of Resolution on the Usability of Locimetric Authentication
Creators: name: Saravanos, Antonios
name: Zheng, Dongnanzi
name: Zervoudakis, Stavros
name: Delfino, Donatella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Locimetric authentication is a form of graphical authentication in which users validate their identity by selecting predetermined points on a predetermined image. Its primary advantage over the ubiquitous text-based approach stems from users' superior ability to remember visual information over textual information, coupled with the authentication process being transformed to one requiring recognition (instead of recall). Ideally, these differentiations enable users to create more complex passwords, which theoretically are more secure. Yet locimetric authentication has one significant weakness: hot-spots. This term refers to areas of an image that users gravitate towards, and which consequently have a higher probability of being selected. Although many strategies have been proposed to counter the hot-spot problem, one area that has received little attention is that of resolution. The hypothesis here is that high-resolution images would afford the user a larger password space, and consequently any hot-spots would dissipate. We employ an experimental approach, where users generate a series of locimetric passwords on either low- or high-resolution images. Our research reveals the presence of hot-spots even in high-resolution images, albeit at a lower level than that exhibited with low-resolution images. We conclude by reinforcing that other techniques - such as existing or new software controls or training - need to be utilized to mitigate the emergence of hot-spots with the locimetric scheme.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
STRATEGIC SURVIVAL OF THE NIGERIAN BANKING SYSTEM POST COVID-19: AN EXPLORATORY ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Olubunmi Alao, Abimbola Abosede Joshua, Amos Tomomewo, Ige, Oludele Emmanuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The covid-19 pandemic impact on every facet of lives and businesses cannot be overemphasised in which banking sector both in Nigeria and outside are not excluded. The study aimed at unravelling the pandemic impacts on the Nigeria banking system and recommended measures for banking reforms post covid. The study adopted content analysis of literatures on the subject matter and discovered that some of the impacts of the pandemic on banking industry in Nigeria and globally include increase in the remote working as banks adopted hybrid mode of operations which include physical and remote mode of work system. Also, covid-19 impact has birthed the use of digitalisation which is the only suitable options for banks and banks’ clients. The CBN instituted measures for banks resilience post covid among which include the reduction of interest rates, the injection of liquidity into the banking system during the pandemic, institution of some tax relief measures, suspension of import duties among many others. The study made recommendations for the survival of banking system post covid among which include the management of cost, restructuring of loan portfolios, the comprehensive customers’ credit review should be conducted to mitigate risk. Finally, regulations in Nigerian banks should be adjusted to give room for diversifications and new innovations so as to reduce covid-19 impacts on the banks’ survival.
Derived equivalence classification of Brauer graph algebras
Creators: name: Opper, Sebastian
name: Zvonareva, Alexandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16E35, 16G10

description: We classify Brauer graph algebras up to derived equivalence by showing that the set of derived invariants introduced by Antipov is complete. These algebras first appeared in representation theory of finite groups and can be defined for any suitably decorated graph on an oriented surface. Motivated by the connection between Brauer graph algebras and gentle algebras we consider $A_{\infty}$-trivial extensions of partially wrapped Fukaya categories associated to surfaces with boundary. This construction naturally enlarges the class of Brauer graph algebras and provides a way to construct derived equivalences between Brauer graph algebras with the same derived invariants. As part of the proof we provide an interpretation of derived invariants of Brauer graph algebras as orbit invariants of line fields under the action of the mapping class group.
description: 42 pages, 3rd version: added Theorem B; closed gap in Proposition 7.6. and added Lemma 7.5.; expanded Remark 7.13
Responses of reconstituted human bronchial epithelia from normal and health-compromised donors to non-volatile particulate matter emissions from an aircraft turbofan engine
Creators: name: Delaval, Mathilde N.
name: Jonsdottir, Hulda R.
name: Leni, Zaira
name: Keller, Alejandro
name: Brem, Benjamin T.
name: Siegerist, Frithjof
name: Schönenberger, David
name: Durdina, Lukas
name: Elser, Miriam
name: Salathe, Matthias
name: Baumlin, Nathalie
name: Lobo, Prem
name: Burtscher, Heinz
name: Liati, Anthi
name: Geiser, Marianne
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Aerosol
subject: Aircraft engine exhaust
subject: Bronchial epithelial cell culture
subject: Cellular response
subject: Non-volatile particulate matter
subject: 660 - Technische Chemie

description: Health effects of particulate matter (PM) from aircraft engines have not been adequately studied since controlled laboratory studies reflecting realistic conditions regarding aerosols, target tissue, particle exposure and deposited particle dose are logistically challenging. Due to the important contributions of aircraft engine emissions to air pollution, we employed a unique experimental setup to deposit exhaust particles directly from an aircraft engine onto reconstituted human bronchial epithelia (HBE) at air-liquid interface under conditions similar to in vivo airways to mimic realistic human exposure. The toxicity of non-volatile PM (nvPM) from a CFM56-7B26 aircraft engine was evaluated under realistic engine conditions by sampling and exposing HBE derived from donors of normal and compromised health status to exhaust for 1 h followed by biomarker analysis 24 h post exposure. Particle deposition varied depending on the engine thrust levels with 85% thrust producing the highest nvPM mass and number emissions with estimated surface deposition of 3.17 × 109 particles cm−2 or 337.1 ng cm−2. Transient increase in cytotoxicity was observed after exposure to nvPM in epithelia derived from a normal donor as well as a decrease in the secretion of interleukin 6 and monocyte chemotactic protein 1. Non-replicated multiple exposures of epithelia derived from a normal donor to nvPM primarily led to a pro-inflammatory response, while both cytotoxicity and oxidative stress induction remained unaffected. This raises concerns for the long-term implications of aircraft nvPM for human pulmonary health, especially in occupational settings.
Optimal Strategies for Guarding a Compact and Convex Target Set: A Differential Game Approach
Creators: name: Lee, Yoonjae
name: Bakolas, Efstathios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We revisit the two-player planar target-defense game initially posed by Isaacs where a pursuer (or defender) attempts to guard a target set from an attack by an evader (or attacker). This paper builds on existing analytical solutions to games of defending a simple shape of target area to develop a generalized and extended solution to the same game with a compact convex target set with smooth boundary. Isaacs' method is applied to address the game of kind and games of degree. A geometric solution approach is used to find the barrier surface that demarcates the winning sets of the players. A value function coupled with a set of optimal state feedback strategies in each winning set is derived and proven to correspond to the saddle point solution of the game. The proposed solutions are illustrated by means of numerical simulations.
Credit Card Fraud Detection
Creators: name: Gyawali, Sanjaya
name: Ledbetter, David
name: Ishraq Reefat, Hasin
name: Anoruo, Mike
name: Sanjana Mehjabin, Suhee
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2023

description: The emergence of credit card fraud as a major concern has coincided with the unparalleled ease brought about by the spread of electronic transactions and online commercein the quickly changing financial technology landscape [1]. Strengthening security measures is becoming more and more important as financial transactions move to digitalplatforms. In this dynamic context, credit card fraud detection emerges as a crucialand proactive solution that thoroughly analyzes transactional patterns using advancedalgorithms, machine learning, and artificial intelligence [2]. This advanced approach allows for the swift identification of anomalies indicative of fraudulent activities. Beyondsafeguarding the interests of consumers and financial institutions, credit card frauddetection stands as a testament to the symbiotic relationship between technology andsecurity in our interconnected world. It not only addresses the pressing need for robustprotection in digital transactions but also underscores the collaborative evolution oftechnological innovation and safeguarding measures. Credit card fraud detection servesas the vanguard against rising risks in this era of unrelenting technological innovation,when the frontiers of financial interactions are constantly stretched. Its significancegoes beyond simple identification; it actively participates in the continuous conversation about cybersecurity resilience. This proactive solution constantly refines its arsenalas cybercriminal techniques advance, demonstrating the dynamic interaction betweenhuman inventiveness and machine precision [3]. The dedication to strengthening security not only reassures stakeholders, but also places credit card fraud detection asa critical component in the smooth integration of technical innovation and financialsecurity
Telling Stories on Commoning with Design of Models and Simulations
Creators: name: Savic, Selena
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz FHNW
Year: 2021
Subjects: commoning
agent-based modelling
storytelling
digital commoning practices

description: This talk focuses on commoning as practice, or rather the research project Thinking Toys for Commoning as a practice in understanding commoning, and its complicated relationship with technology. We explored this relationship through making of agent-based models, workshops on tech and commoning, and documenting the relationship between commoning, degrowth, technology, hegemony and making of (computational) toys. We focus on searching for a commoning way to think about technology and the digital in the context of housing cooperatives. I present here in detail two stories that we explore with the computational toys - agent-based models built from the information we gathered from workshops with the coopeartives. The stories are attuned at exploring the entanglements of labour with value extraction in commoning activities and demonstrating the power of convergence of actors around shared interests.
Hidden Inverses: Coherent Error Cancellation at the Circuit Level
Creators: name: Zhang, Bichen
name: Majumder, Swarnadeep
name: Leung, Pak Hong
name: Crain, Stephen
name: Wang, Ye
name: Fang, Chao
name: Debroy, Dripto M.
name: Kim, Jungsang
name: Brown, Kenneth R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent gate errors are a concern in many proposed quantum computing architectures. These errors can be effectively handled through composite pulse sequences for single-qubit gates, however, such techniques are less feasible for entangling operations. In this work, we benchmark our coherent errors by comparing the actual performance of composite single-qubit gates to the predicted performance based on characterization of individual single-qubit rotations. We then propose a compilation technique, which we refer to as hidden inverses, that creates circuits robust to these coherent errors. We present experimental data showing that these circuits suppress both overrotation and phase misalignment errors in our trapped ion system.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Effect of animal and diet parameters on methane emissions for pasture-fed cattle
Creators: name: Muetzel, Stefan
name: Hannaford, Rina
name: Jonker, Arjan
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3002
subject: Agriculture, land and farm management

description: Context: Estimates of enteric methane emissions for agricultural emissions trading schemes or national inventories can be a simple single emission factor, but the accuracy of the predictions may be affected by other diet- and animal-related parameters.Aims: Determine the animal and dietary factors that affect methane yield (methane per unit of dry-matter intake) in pasture-fed cattle.Methods: Methane emissions and dry-matter intake (DMI) of cattle of various ages and in different physiological stages that were fed different-quality fresh-cut pastures were quantified in respiration chambers. The animals used in the various trials were post-weaned calves, heifers and steers of various ages and some older lactating dairy cows. Diet quality of the pastures offered was determined using near-infrared spectroscopy. Mixed linear modelling was used to assess the impacts of animal and diet parameters on methane emissions.Key results: Our results indicated that diet quality does not have a major effect on methane production. For individual composition parameters, the correlation (Pearson’s r) with methane production was less than 0.25. Only estimates of metabolisable energy (ME) content showed a higher correlation (r = 0.43). However, despite this correlation, ME, like the other diet composition variables, was not a useful parameter to predict daily methane production, as indicated by the Akaike’s information criterion (AICc). Including data on concentrate supplementation at a level of 30% of the DMI did not improve the prediction of methane production. The resulting model indicated that besides DMI, bodyweight, physiological state and sex significantly affected methane production. Methane production was mostly explained by DMI. This was illustrated by the observation that when methane production is expressed per kilogram DMI (methane yield, g kg−1 DMI) none of the diet or animal related characteristics showed a significant correlation with methane yield. The model performed well, but needs to be validated with an independent dataset.Conclusions: For ryegrass-based pasture dry-matter intake is the single most important factor that affects methane yield, while pasture composition has no effect and animal-related factors such as physiological stage and age only appear to modulate methane emissions.Implications: Our findings have implications for methane accounting and national inventories in pastoral agricultural systems, which account for the majority of ruminant production systems.
Optimisation of stability and charge transferability of ferrocene-encapsulated carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Pongthep Prajongtat
name: Suwannee Sriyab
name: Zentgraf, Thomas
name: Supa Hannongbua
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Ferrocene-encapsulated carbon nanotubes (Fc@CNTs) became promising nanocomposite materials for a wide range of applications due to their superior catalytic, mechanical and electronic properties. To open up new windows of applications, the highly stable and charge transferable encapsulation complexes are required. In this work, we designed the new encapsulation complexes formed from ferrocene derivatives (FcR, where R = –CHO, –CH2OH, –CON3 and -PCl2) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). The influence of diameter and chirality of the nanotubes on the stability, charge transferability and electronic properties of such complexes has been investigated using density functional theory. The calculations suggest that the encapsulation stability and charge transferability of the encapsulation complexes depend on the size and chirality of the nanotubes. FcR@SWCNTs are more stable than Fc@SWCNTs at the optimum tube diameter. The greatest charge transfer was observed for FcCH2OH@SWCNTs and Fc@SWCNTs since the Fe d levels of FcCH2OH and Fc are nearly equal and close to the Fermi energy level of the nanotubes. The obtained results pave the way to the design of new encapsulated ferrocene derivatives which can give rise to higher stability and charge transferability of the encapsulation complexes.
Benchmarking Advantage and D-Wave 2000Q quantum annealers with exact cover problems
Creators: name: Willsch, Dennis
name: Willsch, Madita
name: Calaza, Carlos D. Gonzalez
name: Jin, Fengping
name: De Raedt, Hans
name: Svensson, Marika
name: Michielsen, Kristel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We benchmark the quantum processing units of the largest quantum annealers to date, the 5000+ qubit quantum annealer Advantage and its 2000+ qubit predecessor D-Wave 2000Q, using tail assignment and exact cover problems from aircraft scheduling scenarios. The benchmark set contains small, intermediate, and large problems with both sparsely connected and almost fully connected instances. We find that Advantage outperforms D-Wave 2000Q for almost all problems, with a notable increase in success rate and problem size. In particular, Advantage is also able to solve the largest problems with 120 logical qubits that D-Wave 2000Q cannot solve anymore. Furthermore, problems that can still be solved by D-Wave 2000Q are solved faster by Advantage. We find, however, that D-Wave 2000Q can achieve better success rates for sparsely connected problems that do not require the many new couplers present on Advantage, so improving the connectivity of a quantum annealer does not per se improve its performance.
description: new experiments to test the conjecture about unused couplers (appendix B)
Reaction of 2-cyano[(4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)methylidene]acetohydrazide with phosphorus reagents: Synthesis and evaluation of anticancer activities of some novel 1,2-azaphospholes, 1,2,3-diazaphospholidine, and 1,3,2-diaza-phosphinanes bearing a chromone ring
Creators: name: Ali, Tarik E.
name: Ali, Mamdouh M.
name: Somaia M. Abdel-Kariem
name: Ahmed, Marwa M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: A series of 1,2-azaphospholes, 1,2,3-diazaphospholidine, 1,3,2-diaza-phosphinanes bearing a chromone ring as well as dialkyl pyrazolopyrimidine phosphonates have been synthesized from treatment of multifunctional 2-cyano[(4-oxo-4H-chromen-3-yl)methylidene]acetohydrazide (2), some phosphorus reagents such as phosphonic acid and its esters, and phosphorus sulfides as well as phosphorus halides in dry dioxane. The isolated products were evaluated for their anticancer activities and on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibition. Among the isolated products, compounds 3 and 10 exhibited higher effect against breast cancer cells than the reference drug and on the expression of VEGF inhibition.
Beweggründe junger Männer zum Leisten von Freiwilligenarbeit
Creators: name: Hugentobler, Corina
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz FHNW
Year: 2020
Subjects: Freiwilligenarbeit
Motivation
Altruismus
Prosoziales Verhalten
Personalmarketing
Personalbindung

description: In Zusammenarbeit mit dem Jugendrotkreuz Kanton Aargau wurde untersucht, wie junge Männer zu Freiwilligenarbeit motiviert werden können. Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, Beweggründe für das Leisten von Freiwilligenarbeit herauszufinden, bevorzugte Personalmarketingstrategien aufzudecken und Kriterien für eine tiefe Fluktuation zu erfahren. Mit 14 Leitfadeninterviews, welche auf Basis einer umfassenden Literaturrecherche erstellt wurden, konnten die Ergebnisse mit den wichtigsten Theorien verknüpft und präsentiert werden. Abschliessend wurden denkbare Handlungsempfehlungen dargelegt, welche zur Motivation von neuen Freiwilligen und Beibehaltung von bestehenden Freiwilligen beitragen könnten. Die Ergebnisse lieferten viele Ideen, wie man mehr junge Männer zu Freiwilligenarbeit motivieren kann.
Efficient synthesis of N-oxysulfonyl formamidines through thionyl chloride-promoted reaction of sulfamates with formamides
Creators: name: Abudureheman Wusiman
name: Ruzeahong Hudabaierdi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: N-Oxysulfonyl formamidine derivatives have been efficiently synthesized under mild conditions through direct condensation of various sulfamates and formamides in the presence of thionyl chloride. The scope of this reaction was investigated, and a plausible mechanism was proposed. The resulting N-oxysulfonyl formamidines can be converted to sulfamates through appropriate deprotection.
Blockchain in Startup Financing: ICOs and STOs in Switzerland
Creators: name: Kondova, Galia
name: Simonella, Geremia
Publisher: name: North American Business Press
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Blockchain
subject: Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs)
subject: Security Token Offerings (STOs)
subject: Startup Financing
subject: 330 - Wirtschaft

description: This paper provides a comparative analysis of the new blockchain-based start-up and small companies funding methods, namely, initial coin offerings (ICOs) and security token offerings (STOs) against the backdrop of traditional fundraising methods like venture capital and private equity building on the experience of Switzerland. In particular, the comparative analysis is based on a theoretical overview of the nature of these blockchain applications, the relevant legislative framework as well as recent market developments with a focus on Switzerland. The paper concludes that both ICOs and STOs are characterized by lower entry barriers for investors and higher cost efficiency as compared to traditional start-up fundraising methods. However, STOs provide more security to investors than ICOs due to their wider regulation.
The Wald-Zoupas prescription for asymptotic charges at null infinity in general relativity
Creators: name: Grant, Alexander M.
name: Prabhu, Kartik
name: Shehzad, Ibrahim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the formalism developed by Wald and Zoupas to derive explicit covariant expressions for the charges and fluxes associated with the Bondi-Metzner-Sachs symmetries at null infinity in asymptotically flat spacetimes in vacuum general relativity. Our expressions hold in non-stationary regions of null infinity, are local and covariant, conformally-invariant, and are independent of the choice of foliation of null infinity and of the chosen extension of the symmetries away from null infinity. While similar expressions have appeared previously in the literature in Bondi-Sachs coordinates (to which we compare our own), such a choice of coordinates obscures these properties. Our covariant expressions can be used to obtain charge formulae in any choice of coordinates at null infinity. We also include detailed comparisons with other expressions for the charges and fluxes that have appeared in the literature: the Ashtekar-Streubel flux formula, the Komar formulae, and the linkage and twistor charge formulae. Such comparisons are easier to perform using our explicit expressions, instead of those which appear in the original work by Wald and Zoupas.
description: v2: 64 pages, minor edits to v1, matches published version
Additional file 1 of Re-expression of DIRAS3 and p53 induces apoptosis and impaired autophagy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Liu, Zhe
name: Hurst, Douglas R.
name: Qu, Xing
name: Lu, Li-Guang
name: Wu, Chen-Zhou
name: Li, Yu-Yu
name: Li, Yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1 Expression of GFP in cells treated with Ad-GFP, Ad-DIRAS3, or rAd-p53 alone or with a combination of Ad-DIRAS3 and rAd-p53.
Contemporary Research Trends in Response Robotics
Creators: name: Dadvar, Mehdi
name: Habibian, Soheil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The multidisciplinary nature of response robotics has brought about a diversified research community with extended expertise. Motivated by the recent accelerated rate of publications in the field, this paper analyzes the technical content, statistics, and implications of the literature from bibliometric standpoints. The aim is to study the global progress of response robotics research and identify the contemporary trends. To that end, we investigated the collaboration mapping together with the citation network to formally recognize impactful and contributing authors, publications, sources, institutions, funding agencies, and countries. We found how natural and human-made disasters contributed to forming productive regional research communities, while there are communities that only view response robotics as an application of their research. Furthermore, through an extensive discussion on the bibliometric results, we elucidated the philosophy behind research priority shifts in response robotics and presented our deliberations on future research directions.
Ab-initio study of interacting fermions at finite temperature with neural canonical transformation
Creators: name: Xie, Hao
name: Zhang, Linfeng
name: Wang, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a variational density matrix approach to the thermal properties of interacting fermions in the continuum. The variational density matrix is parametrized by a permutation equivariant many-body unitary transformation together with a discrete probabilistic model. The unitary transformation is implemented as a quantum counterpart of neural canonical transformation, which incorporates correlation effects via a flow of fermion coordinates. As the first application, we study electrons in a two-dimensional quantum dot with an interaction-induced crossover from Fermi liquid to Wigner molecule. The present approach provides accurate results in the low-temperature regime, where conventional quantum Monte Carlo methods face severe difficulties due to the fermion sign problem. The approach is general and flexible for further extensions, thus holds the promise to deliver new physical results on strongly correlated fermions in the context of ultracold quantum gases, condensed matter, and warm dense matter physics.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, code: https://github.com/buwantaiji/FermiFlow
Dynamic-quenching of a single-photon avalanche photodetector using an adaptive resistive switch
Creators: name: Zheng, Jiyuan
name: Ji, Cheng
name: Xue, Xingjun
name: Yuan, Yuan
name: Sun, Keye
name: Rosenmann, Daniel
name: Wang, Lai
name: Wu, Jiamin
name: Campbell, Joe C.
name: Guha, Supratik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most common approaches for quenching single-photon avalanche diodes is to use a passive resistor in series with it. A drawback of this approach has been the limited recovery speed of the single-photon avalanche diodes. High resistance is needed to quench the avalanche, leading to slower recharging of the single-photon avalanche diodes depletion capacitor. We address this issue by replacing a fixed quenching resistor with a bias-dependent adaptive resistive switch. Reversible generation of metallic conduction enables switching between low and high resistance states under unipolar bias. As an example, using a Pt/Al2O3/Ag resistor with a commercial silicon single-photon avalanche diodes, we demonstrate avalanche pulse widths as small as ~30 ns, 10x smaller than a passively quenched approach, thus significantly improving the single-photon avalanche diodes frequency response. The experimental results are consistent with a model where the adaptive resistor dynamically changes its resistance during discharging and recharging the single-photon avalanche diodes.
CAN-catalyzed microwave promoted reaction of indole with Betti bases under solvent-free condition and evaluation of antibacterial activity of the products
Creators: name: Choitanya Dev Pegu
name: Sheikh Benazir Nasrin
name: Mohit L. Deb
name: Das, Deep Jyoti
name: Kandarpa K. Saikia
name: Pranjal K. Baruah
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: CAN-catalyzed reaction of Betti bases with indoles under microwave irradiation gives 3-(α,α-diarylmethyl)indoles. Better yield of the products, especially when one of the aryl ring is phenol were achieved. The reaction is performed in solvent-free condition. The antibacterial studies of the synthesized compounds were performed and some of the compounds showed good activity against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
Phenomena Portal: Large- Scale Visual Exploration of Atmospheric Phenomena
Creators: name: Ramasubramanian, Muthukumaran
name: Gurung, Iksha
name: Freitag, Brian
name: Kaulfus, Aaron
name: Maskey, Manil
name: Ramachandran, Rahul
name: Da Silva, Daniel
name: Mestre, Ricardo
name: Ruehl, Alice
name: Sarago, Vincent
name: Bollinger, Drew
Publisher: name: NASA
Year: 2020
Subjects: Earth Resources And Remote Sensing

description: AGU Fall 2020, Virtual, US, December 1- 17, 2020
description: The Earth science community is experiencing a high influx of remote sensing data due to recent advancements in sensor technology. This enables the community to extend their research on a larger scale than ever before. Unfortunately, traditional data processing techniques do not scale well to these new, high volume data sources. State-of-the-art machine learning (ML) pipelines have been proven to overcome these burdens in various other fields but are underexploited within the physical sciences community. Moreover, ML is reliant on labeled data, which is currently sparsely available, owing to the fact that ML adoption is still in the early stages within the Earth and atmospheric science communities. To address these issues, we developed the Phenomena Portal, a visual exploration tool that uses ML to detect various atmospheric phenomena on a global scale. This allows the Earth and atmospheric science communities to view trends of occurrences of phenomena, identify potential relationships between them, and analyze spatiotemporal patterns over time. These detections can also serve as initial labeled data for ML research pertaining to the respective phenomena. The tool also incorporates feedback from subject matter experts to further improve the model detection accuracy, thereby facilitating human-in-the-loop. This presentation will provide an overview of the ML model development and cloud deployment. We also discuss the capabilities of the user interface for displaying the detections.