cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On solving fair exchange and related distributed problems in Byzantine environments
Creators: name: Rickebusch, Ian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0

description: The solvability of the problem of fair exchange in a synchronous system subject to Byzantine failures is investigated in this work. The fair exchange problem arises when a group of processes are required to exchange digital items in a fair manner, which means that either each process obtains the item it was expecting or no process obtains any information on the inputs of others. After introducing a novel speci¯cation of fair exchange that clearly separates safety and liveness, we give an overview of the di±culty of solving such a problem in the context of a fully-connected topology. On one hand, we show that no solution to fair exchange exists in the absence of an identi¯ed process that every process can trust a priori; on the other, a well-known solution to fair exchange relying on a trusted third party is recalled. These two results lead us to complete our system model with a °exible representation of the notion of trust. We then show that fair exchange is solvable if and only if a connectivity condition, named the reachable majority condition, is satis¯ed. The necessity of the condition is proven by an impossibility result and its su±ciency by presenting a general solution to fair exchange relying on a set of trusted processes. The focus is then turned towards a speci¯c network topology in order to provide a fully decentralized, yet realistic, solution to fair exchange. The general solution mentioned above is optimized by reducing the computational load assumed by trusted processes as far as possible. Accordingly, our fair exchange protocol relies on trusted tamperproof modules that have limited communication abilities and are only required in key steps of the algorithm. This modular solution is then implemented in the context of a pedagogical application developed for illustrating and apprehending the complexity of fair exchange. This application, which also includes the implementation of a wide range of Byzantine behaviors, allows executions of the algorithm to be set up and monitored through a graphical display. Surprisingly, some of our results on fair exchange seem contradictory with those found in the literature of secure multiparty computation, a problem from the ¯eld of modern cryptography, although the two problems have much in common. Both problems are closely related to the notion of trusted third party, but their approaches and descriptions di®er greatly. By introducing a common speci¯cation framework, a comparison is proposed in order to clarify their di®erences and the possible origins of the confusion between them. This leads us to introduce the problem of generalized fair computation, a generalization of fair exchange. Finally, a solution to this new problem is given by generalizing our modular solution to fair exchange.
Simulating the in situ condensation process of solar prominences
Creators: name: Xia, Chun
name: Keppens, Rony
name: Antolin, Patrick
name: Porth, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prominences in the solar corona are hundredfold cooler and denser than their surroundings, with a total mass of 1.e13 up to 1.e15 g. Here we report on the first comprehensive simulations of three-dimensional, thermally and gravitationally stratified magnetic flux ropes, where in situ condensation to a prominence happens due to radiative losses. After a gradual thermodynamic adjustment, we witness a phase where runaway cooling happens while counter-streaming shearing flows drain off mass along helical field lines. After this drainage, a prominence-like condensation resides in concave upward field regions, and this prominence retains its overall characteristics for more than two hours. While condensing, the prominence establishes a prominence-corona transition region, where magnetic field-aligned thermal conduction is operative during the runaway cooling. The prominence structure represents a force-balanced state in a helical flux rope. The simulated condensation demonstrates a right-bearing barb, as a remnant of the drainage. Synthetic images at extreme ultraviolet wavelengths follow the onset of the condensation, and confirm the appearance of horns and a three-part structure for the stable prominence state, as often seen in erupting prominences. This naturally explains recent Solar Dynamics Observatory views with the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on prominences in coronal cavities demonstrating horns.
description: 5 figures
On Sunspot and Starspot Lifetimes
Creators: name: Bradshaw, Stephen J.
name: Hartigan, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the lifetimes of spots on the Sun and other stars from the standpoint of magnetic diffusion. While normal magnetic diffusivity predicts lifetimes of sunspots that are too large by at least two orders of magnitude, turbulent magnetic diffusivity accounts for both the functional form of the solar empirical spot-lifetime relation and for the observed sunspot lifetimes, provided that the relevant diffusion length is the supergranule size. Applying this relation to other stars, the value of turbulent diffusivity depends almost entirely on supergranule size, with very weak dependence on other variables such as magnetic field strength and density. Overall, the best observational data for other stars is consistent with the extension of the solar relation provided that stellar supergranule sizes for some stars are significantly larger than they are on the Sun.
Three essays on short-term macroeconomics: business fluctuations, large devaluations and inflation dynamics
Creators: name: Bruchez, Pierre-Alain
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0

description: At least since the Great Depression, explaining why there are business fluctuations has been one of the biggest challenges that the science of economics has had to face. The hope is that if we could better understand recessions, then we could also be more successful in overcoming them. This dissertation consists of three papers that are part of the general endeavor of economists to understand these fluctuations. The first paper discusses, for a particular model, whether a result related to fluctuations would still hold if time were modeled as continuous rather than discrete. The two other papers focus on price stickiness. The second paper discusses why, after a large devaluation, prices of non-tradables may change by only a small amount in comparison to the magnitude of the devaluation. The third paper examines price adjustment in a model in which information is imperfect and it is costly to change prices.
Composition and cycling of marine organic phosphorus
Creators: name: Clark, Lauren Lisa, 1972-
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Dissolved organic phosphorus
subject: Chemical composition
subject: Cycling
subject: Nuclear magnetic resonance
subject: Marine high molecular weight
subject: Ultrafiltered dissolved organic matter
subject: P esters
subject: Phosphonates
subject: Seawater organic compound content
subject: Chemical oceanography
subject: Organophosphorus compounds
subject: Ocean residence time
subject: Remineralization
subject: Organophosphorus compounds
subject: Phosphonates
subject: Seawater--Organic compound content
subject: Chemical oceanography
subject: Nuclear magnetic resonance
subject: Ultrafiltration

description: The composition and cycling of dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) were investigated in samples from the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea. Using ultrafiltration and solid-state ³¹P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, the dominant compound classes of marine high molecular weight (HMW) DOP have been characterized. NMR spectra of ultrafiltered dissolved organic matter (UDOM) from all sites and depths reveal that P esters and phosphonates are the major components of ultrafiltered DOP (UDOP). Phosphonates, a chemically stable group of compounds containing a direct C-P bond, were not previously known to be a significant component of marine DOP. P esters (75 percent) and phosphonates (25 percent) are present in similar proportions throughout the ocean. The homogeneity of UDOP from different oceanic regions suggests that processes leading to this chemical composition are ubiquitous. To explore possible sources of phosphonates in the marine environment, three sets of samples were examined by ³¹P NMR: 1) UDOM and particulate organic matter (POM) from cultures of four marine primary producers, 2) particulates from heterotrophic bacterial cultures, and 3) ultrafiltered particulate organic matter (UPOM; 0.1-60 μm size fraction) samples from the Pacific Ocean and the North Sea. P esters were observed in all samples, and phosphonates were detected in only two of the heterotrophic bacterial cultures. Several processes may be acting to produce the observed abundance of phosphonate-P in marine UDOP, including (1) selective preservation of phosphonates, and (2) production by an unrecognized source of phosphonates. C/P and N/P ratios of UDOM are significantly higher than Redfield ratios for POM. In general, C/P and N/P ratios of UDOM double between surface waters and the deep ocean. Increasing C/P and N/P ratios suggest that P is preferentially remineralized from UDOM relative to C and N throughout the water column. A simplified budget of the marine P cycle is presented, allowing for a first estimate of DOP residence time in the ocean. In the surface ocean, the estimated DOP residence time is 1.5 years, and the deep ocean estimated DOP residence time is 125 years. Calculations reveal that remineralization of DOP in the deep ocean may be a significant source of deep ocean DIP
Author Correction: PRESTO-Tango as an open-source resource for interrogation of the druggable human GPCRome
Creators: name: Lansu, Katherine
name: Huang, Xi-Ping
name: Sassano, Maria F.
name: Roth, Bryan L.
name: McCorvy, John D.
name: Kroeze, Wesley K.
name: Sciaky, Noah
name: Giguère, Patrick M.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description: Correction to: Nature Structural & Molecular
Biology https://doi.org/10.1038/nsmb.3014.
Published online 20 April 2015.
MPEC 2023-F58 : 2023 FH1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 FH1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Le fait de ne pas informer un enfant quant à sa paternité biologique, dans le cas ou celle-ci est douteuse ou différente de la paternité légale, relève-t-il de la matraitance ?
Creators: name: Guerre, Pascal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0

description: La connaissance de ses origines biologiques est une question constitutive et existentielle pour chaque individu. Dans les cas d’incertitude, les expertises en paternité apportent leur contribution dans l’inclusion ou l’exclusion d’un lien de paternité/filiation biologique. La sous-commission « Filiation et droits de l’enfant » a été chargée d’apporter une réponse à plusieurs questions sur les origines biologiques dont la question suivante : "S'il est considéré comme étant de la maltraitance envers un enfant de lui cacher la véritable identité de son père biologique (marié à sa mère ou pas) ? » La sous-commission a entrepris un travail de réflexion et a départagé la question en 3 volets : juridique, psychologique et médical. Le but de notre travail est d’apporter une réponse médicale, fondée sur l’expérience pratique des médecins, à la question suivante : « Le fait de ne pas informer un enfant quant à sa paternité biologique, dans le cas ou celle-ci est douteuse ou différente de la paternité légale, relève-t-il de la maltraitance ? » Nous présentons tout d’abord une revue de la littérature concernant les sujets de la paternité, de la filiation, de la maltraitance. Nous avons consulté 935 praticiens généralistes, psychiatres et pédiatres par le biais d’un questionnaire à choix multiple de 25 questions et nous avons analysé les 263 exemplaires retournés. Nous avons investigué la révélation des patients aux médecins, la révélation aux enfants (par qui, à quel âge, etc.), le vécu des patients et des enfants, l’avis des praticiens sur le sujet de la révélation, de la connaissance des origines biologiques, de la maltraitance, leurs conseils, etc. Nous observons que 93 praticiens ont été les confidents de situations de paternité légales différentes de la paternité biologique ou d’un doute à ce sujet. D’après les médecins, les patients (les mères, les pères et les enfants) vivent généralement mal la situation de paternité particulière. La moitié des enfants concernés étaient informés de leur filiation atypique. La majorité des enfants informés se sentaient victimes. Une proportion élevée de problèmes affectifs et psychologiques était signalée parmi les enfants informés et non informés. A la question ci-dessus, nous avons observé une différence entre la réponse globale des praticiens consultés et la littérature psychologique et psychiatrique relative au secret des origines. Nous apportons également une réflexion sur la situation des enfants dont la filiation est particulière et sur une hypothèse de prise en charge de ces patients.
Supplementary material from Error cancellation
Creators: name: Foerster, Anna
name: Steinhauser, Marco
name: Schwarz, Katharina A.
name: Kunde, Wilfried
name: Pfister, Roland
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Details on the pilot study, the validation study and the main experiment
Requirements for an innovative CDE tool
Creators: name: Pavlov, Nikolay
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: concept development and experimentation (CD&E)
modelling and simulation (M&S)
European Union
conflict prevention
peacebuilding

description: This deliverable presents the results from Phase 3 (INNOVATE) of the CDE4Peace project and the respective Work package 5 (Innovate) in which the requirements for a potential new Concept development and experimentation (CDE) tool for the European Union's conflict prevention and peace-building have been defined. The innovative CDE tool is designed as a simulation tool for training and experimentation of EU peace-building missions and operations. This applied research work contributes to the project’s innovation objective and marks the attainment of milestone no.4.
description: This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 882055. This publication reflects only the author's view and is his sole responsibility. The funding agency is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.
Attività economiche nel distretto industriale di Nocera Inferiore – Gragnano. Una analisi su dati Tagliacarne
Creators: name: Fiorillo, Damiano
name: Guadalupi, Luigi
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2005
Subjects: Attività produttive
Terzismo produttivo
Coesione territoriale

description: Il presente lavoro, elaborato su dati della rilevazione statistica dell’Istituto G. Tagliacarne, fornisce indicazioni sulla struttura economico-sociale dell’area del Distretto di Nocera Inferiore- Gragnano, sui rapporti tra le imprese e le banche nonché tra queste e le istituzioni. Emerge una realtà economica caratterizzata da due aspetti peculiari: il fenomeno del terzismo produttivo e la carenza di rapporti di cooperazione ed integrazione tra le imprese.
Gradient correction scheme for bulk and defect positron states in materials: New developments
Creators: name: Kuriplach, J.
name: Barbiellini, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As local density approximation positron calculations systematically underestimate positron lifetimes when they are compared with their experimental counterparts, the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) for positrons was introduced in the 1990s, in analogy with the GGA for electrons. New developments in the GGA for positrons are summarized and presented here and it is also discussed how they affect and possibly improve calculated positron lifetimes. In particular, these new GGA approaches are based on the recent perturbed hypernetted-chain and quantum Monte Carlo results.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables; SLOPOS 2013 workshop
In situ‐crosslinked Zippersomes enhance cardiac repair by increasing accumulation and retention
Creators: name: Mei, Kuo‐Ching
name: Byrum, Camryn
name: Bonacquisti, Emily E.
name: Nguyen, Juliane
name: Oh, Hannah M.
name: Jasiewicz, Natalie E.
name: Jensen, Brian C.
name: Chaudhari, Ameya
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)‐derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a promising treatment for myocardial infarction (MI), but their therapeutic efficacy is limited by inefficient accumulation at the target site. A minimally invasive MSC EV therapy that enhances EV accumulation at the disease site and extends EV retention could significantly improve post‐infarct cardiac regeneration. Here, we show that EVs decorated with the next‐generation of high‐affinity (HiA) heterodimerizing leucine zippers, termed HiA Zippersomes, amplify targetable surface areas through in situ crosslinking and exhibited ~7‐fold enhanced accumulation within the infarcted myocardium in mice after 3 days and continued to be retained up to Day 21, surpassing the performance of unmodified EVs. After MI in mice, HiA Zippersomes increase the ejection fraction by 53% and 100% compared with unmodified EVs and phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS), respectively. This notable improvement in cardiac function played a crucial role in restoring healthy heart performance. HiA Zippersomes also robustly decrease infarct size by 52% and 60% compared with unmodified EVs and PBS, respectively, thus representing a promising platform for minimally invasive vesicle delivery to the infarcted heart compared to intramyocardial injections.
Code and data related to: Spatial Machine-Learning Model Diagnostics: A Model-Agnostic Distance-Based Approach
Creators: name: Brenning, Alexander
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Code and data related to the paper published in the International Journal of Geographical Information Science. A development version is available in the following GitHub repository: https://github.com/alexanderbrenning/spdiag
The Korteweg-de Vries equation and its symmetry-preserving discretization
Creators: name: Bihlo, Alexander
name: Coiteux-Roy, Xavier
name: Winternitz, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Korteweg-de Vries equation is one of the most important nonlinear evolution equations in the mathematical sciences. In this article invariant discretization schemes are constructed for this equation both in the Lagrangian and in the Eulerian form. We also propose invariant schemes that preserve the momentum. Numerical tests are carried out for all invariant discretization schemes and related to standard numerical schemes. We find that the invariant discretization schemes give generally the same level of accuracy as the standard schemes with the added benefit of preserving Galilean transformations which is demonstrated numerically as well.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables
Explanatory power of the tourist destination competitiveness index on the control of the first wave of COVID-19
Creators: name: Dempere, Juan
name: Modugu, Kennedy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 140202 Economic Development and Growth
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140208 Health Economics
subject: 140216 Tourism Economics
subject: 140217 Transport Economics
subject: 140213 Public Economics- Public Choice
subject: 140214 Public Economics- Publically Provided Goods
subject: 140205 Environment and Resource Economics
subject: 149902 Ecological Economics
subject: 130209 Medicine, Nursing and Health Curriculum and Pedagogy
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 110305 Emergency Medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111709 Health Care Administration
subject: 111711 Health Information Systems (incl. Surveillance)
subject: 111708 Health and Community Services
subject: 111712 Health Promotion
subject: Health Care
subject: 119999 Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences
subject: 111716 Preventive Medicine
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: 150699 Tourism not elsewhere classified
subject: 150606 Tourist Behaviour and Visitor Experience
subject: 150603 Tourism Management
subject: 150604 Tourism Marketing
subject: 150605 Tourism Resource Appraisal
subject: 150602 Tourism Forecasting
subject: 150402 Hospitality Management
subject: 150601 Impacts of Tourism

description: Explanatory power of the tourist destination competitiveness index on the control of the first wave of COVID-19 Abstract: This article intends to analyse the explanatory power of the Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Index (TTCI) and some of its constituent factors on national success metrics in managing the initial surge of the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors study the outbreak control effectiveness of 132 countries during the first semester of 2020. The authors apply generalized linear regression models and weighted least squares models using 6 COVID-19-related dependent variables, 9 TTCI-related independent variables and 12 control variables. The results suggest that countries with superior TTCI values and selected constituent factors have the highest daily averages of coronavirus infections and fatalities per million and the highest speed rates of COVID-19 spread. The authors also find that these countries have the shortest government response time, the lowest daily average of the social restrictions index and the shortest time from the first case reported in China to the first case reported nationally. To the best of the authors' awareness, no previous study exists analysing the statistical relationship between the TTCIB and some of its constituent factors with the selected metrics of national success at managing the initial surge of the COVID-19 pandemic. This fact represents the primary evidence of this article's unique contribution.
Axial magnetic field and toroidally streaming fast ions in the dense plasma focus are natural consequences of conservation laws in the curved axisymmetric geometry of the current sheath
Creators: name: Auluck, S. K. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct measurement of axial magnetic field in the PF-1000 dense plasma focus (DPF), and its reported correlation with neutron emission, call for a fresh look at previous reports of existence of axial magnetic field component in the DPF from other laboratories, and associated data suggesting toroidal directionality of fast ions participating in fusion reactions, with a view to understand the underlying physics. In this context, recent work dealing with application of the hyperbolic conservation law formalism to the DPF is extended in this paper to a curvilinear coordinate system, which reflects the shape of the DPF current sheath. Locally-unidirectional shock propagation in this coordinate system enables construction of a system of 7 one-dimensional hyperbolic conservation law equations with geometric source terms, taking into account all the components of magnetic field and flow velocity. Rankine-Hugoniot jump conditions for this system lead to expressions for the axial magnetic field and three components of fluid velocity having high ion kinetic energy.
description: Accepted for publication in Physics of Plasmas on 14th October 2014
Sociodemographic patterns in biomarkers of aging in the Add Health cohort
Creators: name: Momkus, Jennifer
name: Zhang, Yuan
name: Stebbins, Rebecca
name: Aiello, Allison E.
name: Harris, Kathleen Mullan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024

description: Biomarkers in population health research serve as indicators of incremental physiological deterioration and contribute to our understanding of mechanisms through which social disparities in health unfold over time. Yet, few population-based studies incorporate biomarkers of aging in early midlife, when disease risks may emerge and progress across the life course. We describe the distributions of several biomarkers of inflammation and neurodegeneration and their variation by sociodemographic characteristics using blood samples collected during Wave V of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (ages 33-44 years). Higher mean levels of inflammatory and neurodegenerative biomarkers were associated with greater socioeconomic disadvantage. For example, the neurodegenerative markers, Neurofilament Light Chain and total Tau proteins were higher among lower income groups, though the relationship was not statistically significant. Similarly, proinflammatory marker Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α) levels were higher among those with lower education. Significant differences in the mean levels of other proinflammatory markers were observed by race/ethnicity, sex, census region, BMI, and smoking status. These descriptive findings indicate that disparities in biomarkers associated with aging are already evident among young adults in their 30s and attention should focus on age-related disease risk earlier in the life course.
Revealing Optically Induced Magnetization in SrTiO$_3$ using Optically Coupled SQUID Magnetometry and Magnetic Circular Dichroism
Creators: name: Rice, W. D.
name: Ambwani, P.
name: Thompson, J. D.
name: Leighton, C.
name: Crooker, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study the time- and temperature-dependence of optically induced magnetization in bulk crystals of slightly oxygen-deficient SrTiO$_{3-δ}$ using an optically coupled SQUID magnetometer. We find that a weak ($\sim$5$\times$10$^{-7}$~emu) but extremely long-lived (hours) magnetic moment can be induced in SrTiO$_{3-δ}$ at zero magnetic field by circular-polarized sub-bandgap light. We utilize this effect to demonstrate that SrTiO$_{3-δ}$ crystals can be used as an optically addressable magnetic memory by writing and subsequently reading magnetic patterns with light. The induced magnetization is consistent with that of a polarized ensemble of independent oxygen-vacancy-related complexes, rather than from collective or long-range magnetic order.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Self-modulation instability of ultra-relativistic particle bunches with finite rise times
Creators: name: Vieira, J.
name: Amorim, L. D.
name: Fang, Y.
name: Mori, W. B.
name: Muggli, P.
name: Silva, L. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of the self-modulation instability using bunches with finite rise times. Using particle-in-cell simulations we show that unlike long bunches with sharp rise times, there are large variations of the wake amplitudes and wake phase velocity when bunches with finite rise times are used. These results show that use of bunches with sharp rise times is important to seed the self-modulation instability and to ensure stable acceleration regimes.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Doubled Conformal Compactification
Creators: name: Sun, Zhao Yong
name: Tian, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Weyl transformations between the Minkowski spacetime and dS/AdS spacetime to show that one cannot well define the electrodynamics globally on the ordinary conformal compactification of the Minkowski spacetime (or dS/AdS spacetime), where the electromagnetic field has a sign factor (and thus is discountinuous) at the light cone. This problem is intuitively and clearly shown by the Penrose diagrams, from which one may find the remedy without too much difficulty. We use the Minkowski and dS spacetimes together to cover the compactified space, which in fact leads to the doubled conformal compactification. On this doubled conformal compactification, we obtain the globally well-defined electrodynamics.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Supplementary data: Interrogation of an ovine serum peptide spectral library to annotate ambiguous clinicopathological biomarkers using data-independent acquisition
Creators: name: Chemonges, Saul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 70709 Veterinary Pathology
subject: FOS: Veterinary sciences
subject: 70799 Veterinary Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 70706 Veterinary Medicine
subject: 79999 Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences
subject: 70703 Veterinary Diagnosis and Diagnostics

description: Abstract Background: The use of data-independent data acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) on biological samples from domestic animals is still uncommon. Here, sequential window acquisition of all theoretical mass spectra (SWATH-MS) – a variant of DIA-MS – was used to analyse serum peptides of healthy sheep as compared with serum of sick sheep by interrogating a novel peptide spectral library (PSL). This approach enabled the detection and annotation of a wider range of proteins than conventional clinical pathology protein assays. Methods: Serum samples from healthy sheep were obtained from a commercial source and normalised to represent a healthy sheep proteome background and then compared with serum samples of sheep suffering from a range of naturally-acquired illnesses submitted to The University of Queensland, Australia. Purified tryptic peptides were subjected to liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) on a quadrupole time-of-flight instrument (TripleTOF 5600+, SCIEX) set in a cyclic data-independent acquisition (DIA) mode using a generic (SWATH™, SCIEX) acquisition method. Data were processed using the PeakView® v2.2 software with SWATH™ Acquisition MicroApp 2.0 (SCIEX) and MarkerView™ v1.3 software (SCIEX) pipeline to generate protein lists for downstream gene ontology annotation and pathway analysis of identified proteins. Results: There were distinct differences in peptide chromatographic features of sick sheep samples as compared to those from healthy sheep. Healthy sheep and sick sheep serum samples yielded 335 and 236 protein identifications (IDs), respectively. There were 96 protein IDs unique to sick sheep serum. A total of 431 protein IDs were annotated by combining healthy control and sick sheep protein IDs. Conclusions: SWATH analysis successfully aided in the detection of some established clinicopathological serum biochemical analytes. This approach enabled the distinction of protein profiles of sick sheep samples from a healthy control sample, thereby providing a promising future perspective for the application of SWATH analysis in veterinary clinical use.
Med-CORDEX-CMIP6 Data Request: Aerosol variables
Creators: name: Nabat, Pierre
name: Solmon, Fabien
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: CORDEX
Med-CORDEX
aerosol
data request
Mediterranean

description: This file describes the list of output variables to be provided for the Aerosol realm for the RCM simulations of the Med-CORDEX-CMIP6 initiative
$^{119}$Sn-NMR investigations on superconducting Ca$_3$Ir$_4$Sn$_{13}$: Evidence for multigap superconductivity
Creators: name: Sarkar, R.
name: Brückner, F.
name: Günther, M.
name: Petrovic, C.
name: Wang, Kefeng
name: Biswas, P. K.
name: Luetkens, H.
name: Morenzoni, E.
name: Amato, A.
name: Klauss, H-H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report bulk superconductivity (SC) in Ca$_3$Ir$_4$Sn$_{13}$ by means of $^{119}$Sn nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. Two classical signatures of BCS superconductivity in spin-lattice relaxation rate ($1/T_1$), namely the Hebel-Slichter coherence peak just below the $T_c$ and the exponential decay in the superconducting phase, are evident. The noticeable decrease of $^{119}$Sn Knight shift below $T_c$ indicates spin-singlet superconductivity. The temperature dependence of the spin-lattice relaxation rate ($1/T_1$) is convincingly described by the multigap isotropic superconducting gap. Present NMR experiments do not witness any sign of enhanced spin fluctuations in the normal state.
Siglec15/TGF‐β bispecific antibody mediates synergistic anti‐tumor response against 4T1 triple negative breast cancer in mice
Creators: name: Lai, Samuel K.
name: Wolf, Whitney
name: Shen, Limei
name: Schaefer, Alison M.
name: Tiruthani, Karthik
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2024

description: Abstract An ideal tumor‐specific immunomodulatory therapy should both preferentially target the tumor, while simultaneously reduce the immunosuppressive environment within the tumor. This guiding principle led us to explore engineering Siglec‐15 (S15) targeted bispecific antibody (bsAb) to enhance therapy against triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). S15 appears to be exclusively expressed on macrophages and diverse tumor cells, including human and mouse 4T1 TNBC. TGF‐β is a growth hormone frequently associated with increased tumor invasiveness, including in TNBC. Here, to overcome the immune‐suppressive environment within TNBC tumors to enable more effective cancer therapy, we engineered a bispecific antibody (bsAb) targeting both Siglec15 and TGF‐β. In mice engrafted with orthotopic 4T1 tumors, S15/TGF‐β bsAb treatment was highly effective in suppressing tumor growth, not only compared to control monoclonal antibody (mAb) but also markedly more effective than mAbs against S15 alone, against TGF‐β alone, as well as a cocktail of both anti‐S15 and anti‐TGF‐β mAbs. We did not detect liver and lung metastasis in mice treated with S15/TGF‐β bsAb, unlike all other treatment groups at the end of the study. The enhanced anti‐tumor response observed with S15/TGF‐β bsAb correlated with a less immunosuppressive environment in the tumor. These results underscore S15‐targeted bsAb as a promising therapeutic strategy for TNBC, and possibly other S15 positive solid tumors.
L'Ami de la Liberté ou Bulletin des séances de la Société populaire de Lausanne
Creators: name: Mourer, Jean
name: Reymond, Louis
name: La Harpe, Frédéric-César
Publisher: name: Mourer,
Year: 1798

description: Rédacteur : Louis Reymond. Collaboration : Frédéric-César de Laharpe
The Thermal Stability of Helium Burning on Accreting Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Zamfir, Michael
name: Cumming, Andrew
name: Niquette, Caroline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermonuclear burning on the surface of accreting neutron stars is observed to stabilize at accretion rates almost an order of magnitude lower than theoretical models predict. One way to resolve this discrepancy is by including a base heating flux that can stabilize the layer. We focus our attention on pure helium accretion, for which we calculate the effect of a base heating flux on the critical accretion rate at which thermonuclear burning stabilizes. We use the MESA stellar evolution code to calculate $\dot m_{\rm crit}$ as a function of the base flux, and derive analytic fitting formulae for $\dot m_{\rm crit}$ and the burning temperature at that critical accretion rate, based on a one-zone model. We also investigate whether the critical accretion rate can be determined by examining steady-state models only, without time-dependent simulations. We examine the argument that the stability boundary coincides with the turning point $dy_{\rm burn}/d\dot m=0$ in the steady-state models, and find that it does not hold outside of the one-zone, zero base flux case. A linear stability analysis of a large suite of steady-state models is also carried out, which yields critical accretion rates a factor of $\sim3$ larger than the MESA result, but with a similar dependence on base flux. Lastly, we discuss the implications of our results for the ultracompact X-ray binary 4U~1820-30.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, accepted to MNRAS
title: La relation entre l’environnement construit et l’activité physique sous forme de déplacements à pied
title: Étude quantitative du comportement de marche dans deux quartiers de la ville de Zurich
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Schmid, Jonas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: activités physiques
subject: santé publique
subject: mobilité spatiale
subject: locomotion douce
subject: marche
subject: environnement construit
subject: accessibilité
subject: perception de l’espace
subject: modélisation par équations structurelles
subject: régression multiple
subject: Zurich
subject: Suisse
subject: ville

description: La promotion de la mobilité à force humaine et de la marche en particulier est un vecteur important dans la lutte contre l’inactivité physique. Dans cette perspective, une meilleure connaissance de l’influence de l’environnement construit sur la mobilité à force humaine est indispensable. Cette étude tente d’y contribuer par des analyses quantitatives du comportement de marche dans deux quartiers de la Ville de Zurich. L’accessibilité des services et commerces ainsi que l’attrait esthétique du quartier sont les principaux éléments identifiés qui favorisent l’activité physique sous forme de déplacements quotidiens.
Supplementary Information from Girls in early childhood increase food returns of nursing women during subsistence activities of the BaYaka in the Republic of Congo
Creators: name: Jang, Haneul
name: Janmaat, Karline R. L.
name: Kandza, Vidrige
name: Boyette, Adam H.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Nursing mothers face an energetic trade-off between infant care and work. Under pooled energy budgets, this trade-off can be reduced by assistance in food acquisition and infant care tasks from non-maternal cares. Across cultures, children also often provide infant care. Yet the question of who helps nursing mothers during foraging has been understudied, especially the role of children. Using focal follow data from 140 subsistence expeditions by BaYaka women in the Republic of Congo, we investigated how potential support from cares increased mothers' foraging productivity. We found that the number of girls in early childhood (ages 4–7 years) in subsistence groups increased food returns of nursing women with infants (kcal collected per minute). This effect was stronger than that of other adult women, and older girls in middle childhood (ages 8–13 years) and adolescence (ages 14–19 years). Child helpers were not necessarily genetically related to nursing women. Our results suggest that it is young girls who provide infant care while nursing mothers are acquiring food—by holding, monitoring and playing with infants—and, thus, that they also contribute to the energy pool of the community during women's subsistence activities. Our study highlights the critical role of children as cares from early childhood.
title: Les bois du Jorat : une forêt de loisirs aux portes de Lausanne
title: Analyse des modalités de fréquentation d'une forêt périurbaine
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Stuby, Patrick
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: bois du Jorat
subject: Jorat
subject: forêt
subject: fréquentation
subject: périurbain
subject: Lausanne
subject: espace vert
subject: loisir

description: Les bois du Jorat offrent un espace de loisirs de qualité à la population de l'agglomération lausannoise. Ce travail consiste en une analyse de leur fréquentation dans le but de déterminer quel type de population profite de cet espace et de voir si la qualité de l'environnement urbain d'habitat détermine le fait de se rendre en forêt.
Med-CORDEX-CMIP6 Data Request: River variables
Creators: name: Coppola, Erika
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: RCM CORDEX Mediterranean river variable list

description: This file describes the list of output variables to be provided for the River realm for the RCM simulations of the Med-CORDEX-CMIP6 initiative
description: This version is the first version of the variable list
title: Projets touristiques et de loisirs durables
title: le cas de la troisième correction du Rhône en Valais
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Sauthier, Géraldine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: tourisme
subject: loisirs
subject: développement durable
subject: tourisme durable
subject: troisième correction du Rhône
subject: aménagement concerté
subject: Valais
subject: Lyon
subject: Sion

description: A l’heure où s’imposent dans les esprits comme dans les pratiques les différents principes de précaution, d’aménagement concerté et de développement socialement et économiquement durable, ce travail se propose de répondre à la question suivante : de quelle manière les projets de loisirs et de tourisme envisagés dans la troisième correction du Rhône tiennent-ils compte de l’aspect du développement durable ?
Regulation of the expression of Nav1.5, the cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel
Creators: name: Gavillet, Bruno
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0

description: The cardiac sodium channel Nav1.5 plays a key role in cardiac excitability and conduction. Its importance for normal cardiac function has been highlighted by descriptions of numerous mutations of SCN5A (the gene encoding Nav1.5), causing cardiac arrhythmias which can lead to sudden cardiac death. The general aim of my PhD research project has been to investigate the regulation of Nav1.5 along two main axes: (1) We obtained experimental evidence revealing an interaction between Nav1.5 and a multiprotein complex comprising dystrophin. The first part of this study reports the characterization of this interaction. (2) The second part of the study is dedicated to the regulation of the cardiac sodium channel by the mineralocorticoid hormone named aldosterone. (1) Early in this study, we showed that Nav1.5 C-terminus was associated with dystrophin and that this interaction was mediated by syntrophin proteins. We used dystrophin-deficient mdx5cv mice to study the role of this interaction. We reported that dystrophin deficiency led to a reduction of both Nav1.5 protein level and the sodium current (INa). We also found that mdx5cv mice displayed atrial and ventricular conduction defects. Our results also indicated that proteasome inhibitor MG132 treatment of mdx5cv mice rescued Nav1.5 protein level and INa in cardiac tissue. (2) We showed that aldosterone treatment of mice cardiomyocytes led to an increase of the sodium current with no modification of Nav1.5 transcript and protein level. Altogether, these results suggest that the sodium current can be increased by distribution of intracellular pools of protein to the plasma membrane (e.g. upon aldosterone stimulation) and that interaction with dystrophin multiprotein complex is required for the stabilization of the channel at the plasma membrane. Finally, we obtained preliminary results suggesting that the proteasome could regulate Nav1.5 in mdx5cv mice. This study defines regulatory mechanisms of Nav1.5 which could play an important role in cardiac arrhythmia and bring new insight in cardiac conduction alterations observed in patients with dystrophinopathies. Moreover, this work suggests that Brugada syndrome, and some of the cardiac alterations seen in Duchenne patients may be caused by overlapping molecular mechanisms leading to a reduction of the cardiac sodium current.
Developing Skills for Managing Research Data and Software in Open Research
Creators: name: Ashley, Kevin
Publisher: name: Wellcome Trust
Year: 2020
Subjects: Science Policy

description: In looking at the literature and talking to those close to the issues, we concentrated on the 4 questions suggested by the Trust in its request for proposals:[A] What evidence exists of potential gaps and needs for skills and capacity in data management (both in terms of current and anticipated future demands) - both among (i) specialist data scientists/managers; and (ii) the broader research community?[B] What initiatives and models exist to develop skills in data and software management in both of these groups both at institutional, UK and international level? And what evidence exists on their effectiveness?[C] What career structures exist for data scientists in research institutions, and what is the broader employment market context for these skills?[D] What key longer-term actions have been proposed for funders and institutions to build the skills and capacity in data management to meet future needs?
Hypersurface homogeneous Killing spinor space-times
Creators: name: Bergh, Norbert Van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present a complete list of hypersurface homogeneous space-times admitting a non-null valence two Killing spinor, including a new class admitting only exceptional Killing tensors. A connection is established with the classification of locally rotationally symmetric or boost symmetric space-times.
description: 16 pages