Pungalina semiferruginea L. Koch 1879, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Richardson, Barry J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Salticidae
Pungalina
Pungalina semiferruginea

description: Pungalina semiferruginea (L. Koch, 1879) comb. nov.
Figs 117–133
Icius semiferrugineus L. Koch, 1879: 1135, pl. 99, fig. 1.
Clynotis semiferrugineus — Rainbow 1911: 293, Żabka 1987: 442, figs 11–13 (redescription).
Remarks. The syntypes are part of the collection in ZMUH and can no longer be borrowed, making work on this very extensive collection of Australian types difficult for Australian workers. Fortunately, Prof. M. Żabka has seen and drawn one of the male syntypes and kindly made his original illustrations available (Żabka 1987). As there is no confusion as to the specific identification of the syntypes and they have not been seen, no lectotype has been designated.
Material examined. Syntype. Drawings provided by M. Żabka: M, Gayndah, 151.62°E, 25.62°S, Daemel (ZMUH 16535).
Other material examined: AUSTRALIA: QUEENSLAND: 2M, Brisbane Forest Park, 152.83°E, 27.42°S, 23 Jan. 1998, N. Power (AMS KS118944); 1M, Brisbane, 153.02°E, 27.47°S, 21 Nov. 1987, M. Żabka (AMS KS64899); 1M, Rochedale State Forest, Brisbane, 153.1°E, 27.567°S, 14 Feb. 1980, V. Davies & R. Raven (QM S4563); 1M, 1 imm., Rochedale State Forest, Brisbane, 153.1°E, 27.57°S, 6 Sep. 1979, V. Davies & R. Raven (QM S96147); 1M, 1 imm., Rochedale State Forest, 153.1°E, 27.57°S, 23 Nov. 1979, D. Wallace & R. Raven (QM S96154); 1M, Laidley, 152.4°E, 27.63°S, 28 Sep. 1981, M. Grant (QM S96146); NEW SOUTH WALES: 1F, Mulligans Hut, Gibralter Range, 152.18°E, 29.60°S, 10 Nov. 1980, R. Raven (QM S96150); 1F, Kunderang Trail, 1.2 km from Homestead, 152.13°E, 30.82°S (AM64650); 1M, Temi (N of Murrurundi), Chilcotts Creek Road, 150.82°E, 31.67°S, 12 Jun. 2001, L. Wilkie & H. Smith (AMS KS80947); 1M, Scheyville, NW of Sydney, 150.88°E, 33.6°S, 22 Oct. 1987, M. Żabka (AMS KS64894); 1M, Como, 151.07°E, 34.02°S (AMS KS21133); 1M, Royal National Park, N of Waterfall, 151.07°E, 34.13°S, 4 Mar. 1994, M. Toezer (AMS KS42643).
Diagnosis. Externally, cephalothorax (Figs 117, 118,121, 122) very similar to P. waldockae sp. nov. (134, 135, 138, 139). The abdomen is light brown with a distinctive brown pattern in both sexes, unlike P. waldockae, in which the female has a different brown pattern and the male is black with four pairs of white dots. The epigyne (Figs 130–132) includes a pair of large atria with sclerotised margins in both species, however the lateral margins are wave-shaped in P. semiferruginea, unlike the smooth curve seen in P. waldockae (Figs 146, 147, 148). The copulatory openings are broad and extend partially along the median side of the atria, unlike the smaller openings in P. waldockae that only open into the posterior end of the atria. There is a large median pocket in the epigastic fold, unlike the smaller pocket seen in P. waldockae. The embolus (Figs 125–129) is strongly built in both species; however, it consists of a straight narrow distal half in P. semiferruginea arising from a broad base and with heavily sclerotised bumps along the posterior edge. In P. waldockae (Figs 142–144) the embolus is thick throughout its length with a bifurcate distal end.
Description. Male: Gracile with relatively long legs (Figs 117, 118). Cephalothorax rectangular, dark brown to black with scattered pennate grey hairs over dorsal surface and around eyes. A pair of bulges on the dorsal surface anterior to PLE (Fig. 120). Light brown striae on rear face, overlaid with white hairs. Medial indent on the posterior edge of the carapace. Clypeus orange/brown, narrow, with a sparse fringe of long white hairs. Chelicerae orange/brown, long, geniculate, with transverse ridges. Two, widely spaced, promarginal teeth (Fig. 119) and one distally placed, large, straight unident retromarginal tooth. Endites and labium dark brown grading to light brown. Sternum brown. Endites laterally flared. Abdomen narrow. Dorsal abdomen dirty brown with darker pattern of markings often faded in preserved individuals. Spinnerets brown with terminal, lighter, hairs. Ventral abdomen dirty brown with thick speckled pattern on the sides. All legs dark brown without fringing. Palp (Figs 125–129): long and narrow, dark brown, lighter at the distal end of the cymbium; tibia with single long, curved, tapering apophysis; tegulum light brown, relatively broad and strongly rounded ventrally with a slight, proximal lobe, embolus rises from a broad base, long, straight, slight clockwise curve in the last quarter, strongly built with a distinctive series of bulges along the posterior edge. Dimensions: CL 2.85, EFL 1.05, CW 2.17, AEW 1.64, AMEW 0.99, PEW 1.73, AL 3.10, P1+T1 2.48: L1 7.12 (2.54 + 1.24 + 1.55 + 0.55 + 0.74), L2 4.64 (1.49 + 0.87 + 0.99 + 0.74 + 0.56), L3 4.46 (1.55 + 0.74 + 0.80 + 0.87 + 0.50), L4 5.51 (1.86 + 0.80 + 1.24 + 0.99 + 0.62).
Female: As for the male, except larger and more heavily built, including shorter, heavier, limbs (Figs 121, 122). Clypeus (Fig. 124) with a thick fringe of long white hairs. Chelicerae broader and heavier than in male (Fig. 123). Endites not laterally flared. Epigyne (Figs 130–132): consisting of a pair of oval atria with sclerotised margins and with deep guides that break up the smooth apparent lateral edge of the atria; broad copulatory openings placed on an angle just inside the heavily sclerotised posterior margin of the atria; insemination ducts pass posteriorly, then laterally, alongside the proximal edge of the atria; they then move posteriorly, finally entering the spermathecae in the middle of the anterior surface; the spermathecae are placed laterally immediately posterior to the lateral edges of the atria and very close to the epigastic fold; fertilization ducts medium sized and placed on the median edge of the spermathecae; epigastric fold sclerotised and with a large median pocket. Dimensions: CL 2.91, EFL 1.18, CW 2.29, AEW 1.80, AMEW 1.11, PEW 1.92, AL 3.72, P1+T1 1.86: L1 5.26 (1.86 + 0.93 + 1.24 + 0.74 + 0.50), L2 4.46 (1.49 + 0.87 + 0.87 + 0.78 + 0.56), L3 4.15 (1.30 + 0.68 + 0.74 + 0.87 + 0.62), L4 5.14 (1.86 + 0.74 + 0.80 + 1.11 + 0.62).
Distribution and biology. Widespread across the wetter, subtropical parts of eastern Australia in a range of habitats including reserves (Fig. 133). Predicted distribution suggests may be found as far south as Victoria. As a consequence of the known distribution, likely IUCN Red List Category LC. Males have been found on both foliage and on the ground. They are relatively slender, longer-legged and presumably more mobile than females.
description: Published as part of Richardson, Barry J., 2016, New genera, new species and redescriptions of Australian jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae), pp. 501-560 in Zootaxa 4114 (5) on pages 533-536, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4114.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/271623