cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Detergent-Based Cleaning Methods Against Coronavirus MHV-A59 on Porous and Non-Porous Surfaces
Creators: name: Hardison, Rachael L.
name: Nelson, Sarah W.
name: Barriga, Daniela
name: Ghere, Jessica M.
name: Fenton, Gabrielle A.
name: James, Ryan R.
name: Stewart, Michael J.
name: Lee, Sangdon
name: Calfee, M. Worth
name: Ryan, Shawn P.
name: Howard, Megan W.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: This study evaluated the efficacy of detergent-based surface cleaning methods against Murine Hepatitis Virus A59 (MHV) as a surrogate coronavirus for SARS-CoV-2. MHV (5% soil load in culture medium or simulated saliva) was inoculated onto four different high-touch materials [stainless steel (SS), Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene plastic (ABS), Formica, seat fabric (SF)]. Immediately and two-hours post-inoculation, coupons were cleaned (damp wipe wiping) with and without pre-treatment with detergent solution or 375 ppm hard water. Results identified that physical removal (no pre-treatment) removed >2.3 log10 MHV on ABS, SS, and Formica when surfaces were cleaned immediately. Pre-treatment with detergent or hard water increased effectiveness over wet wiping two-hours post-inoculation; pre-treatment with detergent significantly increased (p ≤ 0.05) removal of MHV in simulated saliva, but not in culture media, over hard water pre-treatment (Formica and ABS). Detergent and hard water cleaning methods were ineffective on SF under all conditions. Overall, efficacy of cleaning methods against coronaviruses are material- and matrix-dependent; pre-wetting surfaces with detergent solutions increased efficacy against coronavirus suspended in simulated saliva. This study provides data highlighting the importance of incorporating a pre-wetting step prior to detergent cleaning and can inform cleaning strategies to reducing coronavirus surface transmission.
Bovine Reproductive Disorder
Creators: name: Brown, L.N.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1981

description: When the supply of available food dwindles for a given animal population, there is often a resulting decrease in fertility and reproductivity. The veterinarian often observes similar principles at work in the cow-calf herd.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1981
Singularities of Schröder maps and unhyperbolicity of rational functions
Creators: name: Drasin, David
name: Okuyama, Yûsuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37F10 (Primary), 30D05, 30D35, 37F15 (Secondary)

description: We study transcendental singularities of a Schröder map arising from a rational function $f$, using results from complex dynamics and Nevanlinna theory. These maps are transcendental meromorphic functions of finite order in the complex plane. We show that their transcendental singularities lie over the set where $f$ is not semihyperbolic (unhyperbolic). In addition, if they are direct, then they lie over only attracting periodic points of $f$, and moreover, if $f$ is a polynomial, then both direct and indirect singularities lie over attracting, parabolic and Cremer periodic points of $f$. We also obtain concrete examples of both kinds of transcendental singularities of Schröder maps as well as a new proof of the Pommerenke-Levin-Yoccoz inequality and a new formulation of the Fatou conjecture.
description: 17 pages; some typos corrected
Did Uranus' regular moons form via a rocky giant impactor?
Creators: name: Woo, Jason Man Yin
name: Reinhardt, Christian
name: Cilibrasi, Marco
name: Chau, Alice
name: Helled, Ravit
name: Stadel, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of Uranus' regular moons has been suggested to be linked to the origin of its enormous spin axial tilt (~98^o). A giant impact between proto-Uranus and a 2-3 M_Earth impactor could lead to a large tilt and to the formation of an impact generated disc, where prograde and circular satellites are accreted. The most intriguing features of the current regular Uranian satellite system is that it possesses a positive trend in the mass-distance distribution and likely also in the bulk density, implying that viscous spreading of the disc after the giant impact plays a crucial role in shaping the architecture of the final system. In this paper, we investigate the formation of Uranus' satellites by combining results of SPH simulations for the giant impact, a 1D semi-analytic disc model for viscous spreading of the post-impact disc, and N-body simulations for the assembly of satellites from a disc of moonlets. Assuming the condensed rock (i.e., silicate) remains small and available to stick onto the relatively rapid growing condensed water-ice, we find that the best case in reproducing the observed mass and bulk composition of Uranus' satellite system is a pure-rocky impactor with 3 M_Earth colliding with the young Uranus with an impact parameter b = 0.75. Such an oblique collision could also naturally explain Uranus' large tilt and possibly, its low internal heat flux. The giant impact scenario can naturally explain the key features of Uranus and its regular moons. We therefore suggest that the Uranian satellite system formed as a result of an impact rather than from a circumplanetary disc.
description: Accepted for publication in Icarus
Finding the Material of Memory: Sketch for a Palimpsest
Creators: name: Smith, Steven
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2021

description: This written component of the research complements a film project developed as art-based research, the aim being to investigate the primary research question: How can the Barbican be revealed as a place of memory through a visual portrait? Using walking as a means of researching the Barbican in the City of London, the research tests the efficacy of the method of deep topography, a term originally coined by writer Nick Papadimitriou, and applies this to a visual art practice rooted in site-specificity. This leads to a supplementary research question: Is it possible to develop an artistic method based upon literary approaches to psychogeography, memory, and place? and proposes that deep topography lends itself to an improvisatory mode of research essential for artistic research and of particular usefulness for a site responsive creative practice. Deep topography allows a mode of close observation of the built environment to access a sense of the past contained in the structure of the present city. Reflecting on memory studies and theories of place, the written component balances discussion of the earlier phases of site research and tracks the development of the creative project. A supplementary research question emerges from the site research: How can the work of a number of cultural theorists be synthesised and applied to a film about the Barbican? Later chapters contrast theories of place and memory and analyse their relevance to the site and contribution to the creation of the film. The two-screen film titled Sketch for a Palimpsest embeds the methods and motivations of deep topography in its structure and mapping of the architecture and spaces of the Barbican, tracking the movements of a walking figure through the site. The film contains a voiceover of sources narrating the Barbican from a variety of perspectives. The film’s right-hand screen consists of views of the cityscape and architecture, on the left are either close-up details of the built environment or appropriated, abstracted and adapted footage of the Barbican and other sites. The film achieves two critical elements, firstly it offers a realisation of deep topographic methods in a creative film project, and secondly perceives the built environment’s influence on our sense of the past. The culmination of the research is informed by an understanding of memory and its contribution to our sense of place as complex real and imagined places.
Electronic Structure of the Solvated Benzene Radical Anion
Creators: name: Brezina, Krystof
name: Kostal, Vojtech
name: Jungwirth, Pavel
name: Marsalek, Ondrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The benzene radical anion is a molecular ion pertinent to several organic reactions, including the Birch reduction of benzene in liquid ammonia. The species exhibits a dynamic Jahn-Teller effect due to its open-shell nature and undergoes pseudorotation of its geometry. Here we characterize the complex electronic structure of this condensed-phase system based on ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and GW calculations of the benzene radical anion solvated in liquid ammonia. Using detailed analysis of molecular and electronic structure, we find that the spatial character of the excess electron of the solvated radical anion follows the underlying Jahn-Teller distortions of the molecular geometry. We decompose the electronic density of states to isolate the contribution of the solute and to examine the response of the solvent to its presence. Our findings show the correspondence between instantaneous molecular structure and spin density, provide important insights into the electronic stability of the species, revealing that it is indeed a bound state in the condensed phase, and offer electronic densities of states that aid in the interpretation of experimental photoelectron spectra.
description: main text: 11 pages, 6 figures; supporting information: 5 pages, 10 figures; version updated after review
The Hot Inner Disk of FU Ori
Creators: name: Zhu, Zhaohuan
name: Hartmann, Lee
name: Calvet, Nuria
name: Hernandez, Jesus
name: Muzerolle, James
name: Tannirkulam, Ajay-Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have constructed a detailed radiative transfer disk model which reproduces the main features of the spectrum of the outbursting young stellar object FU Orionis from ~ 4000 angstrom, to ~ 8 micron. Using an estimated visual extinction Av~1.5, a steady disk model with a central star mass ~0.3 Msun and a mass accretion rate ~ 2e-4 Msun/yr, we can reproduce the spectral energy distribution of FU Ori quite well. With the mid-infrared spectrum obtained by the Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) on board the Spitzer Space Telescope, we estimate that the outer radius of the hot, rapidly accreting inner disk is ~ 1 AU using disk models truncated at this outer radius. Inclusion of radiation from a cooler irradiated outer disk might reduce the outer limit of the hot inner disk to ~ 0.5 AU. In either case, the radius is inconsistent with a pure thermal instability model for the outburst. Our radiative transfer model implies that the central disk temperature Tc > 1000 K out to ~ 0.5 - 1 AU, suggesting that the magnetorotational instability (MRI) can be supported out to that distance. Assuming that the ~ 100 yr decay timescale in brightness of FU Ori represents the viscous timescale of the hot inner disk, we estimate the viscosity parameter (alpha) to be ~ 0.2 - 0.02 in the outburst state, consistent with numerical simulations of MRI in disks. The radial extent of the high mass accretion region is inconsistent with the model of Bell & Lin, but may be consistent with theories incorporating both gravitational instability and MRI.
description: 32 pages, 10 figures, to appear in the Astrophysical Journal
PVLAS experiment, star cooling and BBN constraints: Possible interpretation with temperature dependent gauge symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Kim, Jihn E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that the kinetic mixing of photon and another U(1)_ex gauge boson can introduce millicharged particles. Millicharged particles $f$ of mass 0.1 eV can explain the PVLAS experiment. We suggest a temperature dependent gauge symmetry breaking of U(1)_ex for this idea to be consistent with astrophysical and cosmological constraints.
description: 9 pages, 3 figues
Commensurability of geometric subgroups of mapping class groups
Creators: name: Stukow, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57N05, 20F38, 22D10, 22D30, 57M99

description: Let M be a surface (possibly nonorientable) with punctures and/or boundary components. The paper is a study of ``geometric subgroups'' of the mapping class group of M, that is subgroups corresponding to inclusions of subsurfaces (possibly disconnected). We characterise the subsurfaces which lead to virtually abelian geometric subgroups. We provide algebraic and geometric conditions under which two geometric subgroups are commensurable. We also describe the commensurator of a geometric subgroup in terms of the stabiliser of the underlying subsurface. Finally, we show some applications of our analysis to the theory of irreducible unitary representations of mapping class groups.
Tensor Processing Primitives: A Programming Abstraction for Efficiency and Portability in Deep Learning & HPC Workloads
Creators: name: Georganas, Evangelos
name: Kalamkar, Dhiraj
name: Avancha, Sasikanth
name: Adelman, Menachem
name: Aggarwal, Deepti
name: Anderson, Cristina
name: Breuer, Alexander
name: Bruestle, Jeremy
name: Chaudhary, Narendra
name: Kundu, Abhisek
name: Kutnick, Denise
name: Laub, Frank
name: Md, Vasimuddin
name: Misra, Sanchit
name: Mohanty, Ramanarayan
name: Pabst, Hans
name: Retford, Brian
name: Ziv, Barukh
name: Heinecke, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: During the past decade, novel Deep Learning (DL) algorithms, workloads and hardware have been developed to tackle a wide range of problems. Despite the advances in workload and hardware ecosystems, the programming methodology of DL systems is stagnant. DL workloads leverage either highly-optimized, yet platform-specific and inflexible kernels from DL libraries, or in the case of novel operators, reference implementations are built via DL framework primitives with underwhelming performance. This work introduces the Tensor Processing Primitives (TPP), a programming abstraction striving for efficient, portable implementation of DL workloads with high-productivity. TPPs define a compact, yet versatile set of 2D-tensor operators (or a virtual Tensor ISA), which subsequently can be utilized as building-blocks to construct complex operators on high-dimensional tensors. The TPP specification is platform-agnostic, thus code expressed via TPPs is portable, whereas the TPP implementation is highly-optimized and platform-specific. We demonstrate the efficacy and viability of our approach using standalone kernels and end-to-end DL & HPC workloads expressed entirely via TPPs that outperform state-of-the-art implementations on multiple platforms.
rho(omega)-> pi^0 pi^0 gamma, rho(omega) -> eta pi^0 gamma decays in the local quark Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model
Creators: name: Radzhabov, A. E.
name: Volkov, M. K.
name: Kornakov, N. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The branching ratios and photon spectra of the rare processes rho(omega)-> pi^0 pi^0 gamma, rho(omega) -> eta pi^0 gamma are calculated in the framework of the standard local quark Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model. Three types of diagrams are considered: the quark box and the pole diagrams with scalar (sigma,a_0(980)) and vector (rho,omega) mesons. The obtained estimations for the widths of the processes rho(omega)-> pi^0 pi^0 gamma are in satisfactory agreement with existing experimental data. Predictions are made for the widths of the processes rho(omega) -> eta pi^0 gamma.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
The nature of ZZ branes
Creators: name: Ambjorn, J.
name: Gesser, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In minimal non-critical string theory we show that the principal (r,s) ZZ brane can be viewed as the basic (1,1) ZZ boundary state tensored with the (r,s) Cardy boundary state. In this sense there exists only one ZZ boundary state, the basic (1,1) boundary state.
description: 10 pages, footnote added
Artificial Tongue-Placed Tactile Biofeedback for perceptual supplementation: application to human disability and biomedical engineering
Creators: name: Vuillerme, Nicolas
name: Chenu, Olivier
name: Moreau-Gaudry, Alexandre
name: Demongeot, Jacques
name: Payan, Yohan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The present paper aims at introducing the innovative technologies, based on the concept of "sensory substitution" or "perceptual supplementation", we are developing in the fields of human disability and biomedical engineering. Precisely, our goal is to design, develop and validate practical assistive biomedical and/technical devices and/or rehabilitating procedures for persons with disabilities, using artificial tongue-placed tactile biofeedback systems. Proposed applications are dealing with: (1) pressure sores prevention in case of spinal cord injuries (persons with paraplegia, or tetraplegia); (2) ankle proprioceptive acuity improvement for driving assistance in older and/or disabled adults; and (3) balance control improvement to prevent fall in older and/or disabled adults. This paper presents results of three feasibility studies performed on young healthy adults.
Changes in seismicity pattern due to the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake sequence and implications for improving the foreshock traffic-light system
Creators: name: Nanjo, K. Z.
name: Izutsu, J.
name: Orihara, Y.
name: Kamogawa, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crustal deformation due to the 2016 earthquake sequence in Kumamoto, Japan, that culminated in a preceding earthquake of magnitude M6.5 and a subsequent M7.3 earthquake 28 hours later, caused stress perturbation on and around the causative Futagawa-Hinagu fault zone. Monitoring changes in seismicity pattern along this zone plays a role in understanding the process before and after major earthquakes. For this purpose, stress-dependent laws in statistical seismology can be used: the Gutenberg-Richter frequency-size law and the Omori-Utsu aftershock-decay law. We review the results obtained by using these laws in previous studies to show a zone of high stress near the eventual epicenters of the M6.5 and M7.3 earthquakes before the start of the Kumamoto sequence, and after it, showing a decreasing trend in stress along the Futagawa-Hinagu fault zone. Detailed analysis suggests aseismic slips along the causative fault zone. The aseismic preslip locally reduced stress just prior to the M7.3 earthquake near its epicenter. Recently, a system was proposed by Gulia and Wiemer (2019) that utilizes the Gutenberg-Richter frequency-size law to judge, immediately after a large earthquake, whether it was the mainshock or a foreshock to a future event. Based on the reviewed results and our new results, further research that takes into account the spatial variation of frequency-size distribution, allowing the exploration of the possibility of a local preslip of a future nearby earthquake, is needed to improve this system.
description: 4 figures
Luminosity Functions of Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglows
Creators: name: Jóhannesson, Guðlaugur
name: Björnsson, Gunnlaugur
name: Gudmundsson, Einar H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: Use the standard fireball model to create virtual populations of gamma-ray burst afterglows and study their luminosity functions. Methods: We randomly vary the parameters of the standard fireball model to create virtual populations of afterglows. We use the luminosity of each burst at an observer's time of 1 day to create a luminosity function and compare our results with available observational data to assess the internal consistency of the standard fireball model. Results: We show that the luminosity functions can be described by a function similar to a log normal distribution with an exponential cutoff. The function parameters are frequency dependent but not very dependent on the model parameter distributions used to create the virtual populations. Comparison with observations shows that while there is good general agreement with the data, it is difficult to explain simultaneously the X-ray and optical data. Possible reasons for this are discussed and the most likely one is that the standard fireball model is incomplete and that decoupling of the X-ray and optical emission mechanism may be needed.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; accepted for publication in A&A
Life Between Construction Sites and Reconfiguring Public Space: The Current Case of Istanbul
Creators: name: Can, Elvan
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2021

description: The recent urban transformation and redevelopment of Istanbul has been associated with gentrification resulting from the neoliberal policies of the current government. This inevitably has changed and shaped daily life, streets, neighbourhoods and created a city that seems to be constantly under reconstruction. With almost half of the building stock in Istanbul listed to be demolished, life is experienced in and around construction sites. Public spaces, streets and neighbourhoods are being reconfigured, transformed, emptied, and even demolished. The fundamental question of this research is this impact of the mass redevelopment of Istanbul on the use and experience of public space. What drives the government’s urban redevelopment agenda, how life between buildings has become life between construction sites, and what it means to live one’s everyday life surrounded by construction projects form the secondary questions. The research investigates three areas in Istanbul (Balat, Caddebostan and Karakoy) through a micro-ethnographic study which includes economic, visual, sensory, and observational methods, together with a review of redevelopment policies and laws implemented by the government. The findings suggest that the construction sites are in every corner of the city and creating noise, dirt, and dust, as well as changing visionscapes, soundscapes and smellscapes. This systematic ‘cleansing’ is not only blocking traffic and closing streets to accommodate constructions but it also breaks nodes, edges, and linkages, damages them temporarily or sometimes demolishes them completely in a spatial and relational sense. The chain of continuity in certain neighbourhoods is being reconfigured and the collective memory of places are being erased physically, sensorially, and emotionally. The research further argues that a secular versus postsecular dichotomy has emerged and the government’s postsecular Islamist ideology is erasing secular memory, while giving ‘rights to the city’ to certain groups of people.
Solution landscape of the Onsager model identifies non-axisymmetric critical points
Creators: name: Yin, Jianyuan
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Zhang, Pingwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate critical points of the Onsager free-energy model on a sphere with different potential kernels, including the dipolar potential, the Maier-Saupe potential, the coupled dipolar/Maier-Saupe potential, and the Onsager potential. A uniform sampling method is implemented for the discretization of the Onsager model, and solution landscapes of the Onsager model are constructed using saddle dynamics coupled with downward/upward search algorithms. We first construct the solution landscapes with the dipolar and Maier-Saupe potentials, for which all critical points are axisymmetric. For the coupled dipolar/Maier-Saupe potential, the solution landscape shows a novel non-axisymmetric critical point, named tennis, which exists for a wide range of parameters. We further demonstrate various non-axisymmetric critical points in the Onsager model with the Onsager potential, including square, hexagon, octahedral, cubic, quarter, icosahedral}, and dodecahedral states. The bifurcation diagram is presented to show the primary and secondary bifurcations of the isotropic state and reveal the emergence of the critical points. The solution landscape provides an efficient approach to show the global structure of the model system as well as the bifurcations of critical points, which can not only support the previous theoretical conjectures but also propose new conjectures based on the numerical findings.
Photons in polychromatic rotating modes
Creators: name: van Enk, S. J.
name: Nienhuis, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a quantum theory of rotating light beams and study some of its properties. Such beams are polychromatic and have either a slowly rotating polarization or a slowly rotating transverse mode pattern. We show there are, for both cases, three different natural types of modes that qualify as rotating, one of which is a new type not previously considered. We discuss differences between these three types of rotating modes on the one hand and non-rotating modes as viewed from a rotating frame of reference on the other. We present various examples illustrating the possible use of rotating photons, mostly for quantum information processing purposes. We introduce in this context a rotating version of the two-photon singlet state.
description: enormously expanded: 12 pages, 3 figures; a new, more informative, but less elegant title, especially designed for Phys. Rev. A
Studies into the mechanism of action of interleukin 3 : purification of interleukin 3 and characterization of its cell surface receptor
Creators: name: Murthy, Sudish C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Hemopoiesis is regulated, in part, by a group of potent, soluble hemopoietic growth factors. One of these growth factors, interleukin 3, stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of both multi-potential hemopoietic stem cells and maturing committed progenitors, and may thus play a central role in regulating hemopoiesis in vivo. Studies of the mechanism of action of this hemopoietic growth factor may therefore yield valuable insights into normal hemopoietic differentiation and provide an understanding of the pathogenesis of hemopoietic malignancies. In order to begin these studies, it was first necessary to devise a simple high yield purification procedure for murine interleukin 3, since published purification protocols were lengthy and resulted in unacceptably low yields. A simple and rapid 3-step procedure was therefore devised which greatly facilitated our studies. The novel aspect of this procedure involved the treatment of B6SUtA₁ cells with 0.01% glutaraldehyde which transformed them into mechanically resistant spheres. This made it possible to use these high interleukin 3 receptor-expressing cells as a solid phase reagent suitable for the large scale purification of interleukin 3. Purification, using these fixed cells and two standard purification steps, resulted in a 16,000-fold enrichment and purification to apparent homogeneity of interleukin 3 from serum-free pokeweed mitogen stimulated spleen cell conditioned medium. The effects of pure interleukin 3 on interleukin 3 receptor internalization and re-expression and the relationship between interleukin 3 receptor surface density and growth factor sensitivity were then examined. From these studies, it was demonstrated that surface bound interleukin 3 is rapidly internalized and cleaved at two specific sites, before being completely digested within lysosomes. However, unlike its ligand, the interleukin 3 receptor appears to be recycled to the cell surface without proteolytic cleavage. Furthermore, receptor re-expression is critically dependent upon the extracellular concentration of interleukin 3. More importantly, in the absence of interleukin 3, target cells express extremely high levels of surface receptor and become exquisitely sensitive to interleukin 3. iii Finally, the structure of the interleukin 3 receptor was examined. Previous the precise nature of the interleukin 3 receptor have proven particularly molecular weight estimates for the receptor have been forwarded. Through crosslinking agents, this controversy appears to have been resolved. A model generated suggests that the interleukin 3 receptor is a 140 kd membrane 3 binding and chemical crosslinking, becomes proteolytically cleaved to a 70kd surface protein.
Absolute Proper Motions of H2O Masers Away from the Galactic Plane Measured with VERA in the "Superbubble" Region NGC 281
Creators: name: Sato, Mayumi
name: Hirota, Tomoya
name: Honma, Mareki
name: Kobayashi, Hideyuki
name: Sasao, Tetsuo
name: Bushimata, Takeshi
name: Choi, Yoon Kyung
name: Imai, Hiroshi
name: Iwadate, Kenzaburo
name: Jike, Takaaki
name: Kameno, Seiji
name: Kameya, Osamu
name: Kamohara, Ryuichi
name: Kan-ya, Yukitoshi
name: Kawaguchi, Noriyuki
name: Kijima, Masachika
name: Kim, Mi Kyoung
name: Kuji, Seisuke
name: Kurayama, Tomoharu
name: Manabe, Seiji
name: Maruyama, Kenta
name: Matsui, Makoto
name: Matsumoto, Naoko
name: Miyaji, Takeshi
name: Nagayama, Takumi
name: Nakagawa, Akiharu
name: Nakamura, Kayoko
name: Oh, Chung Sik
name: Omodaka, Toshihiro
name: Oyama, Tomoaki
name: Sakai, Satoshi
name: Sato, Katsuhisa
name: Shibata, Katsunori M.
name: Shintani, Motonobu
name: Tamura, Yoshiaki
name: Tsushima, Miyuki
name: Yamashita, Kazuyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on absolute proper-motion measurements of an H2O maser source in the NGC 281 West molecular cloud, which is located ~320 pc above the Galactic plane and is associated with an HI loop extending from the Galactic plane. We have conducted multi-epoch phase-referencing observations of the maser source with VERA (VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry) over a monitoring period of 6 months since May 2006. We find that the H2O maser features in NGC 281 West are systematically moving toward the southwest and further away from the Galactic plane with a vertical velocity of ~20-30 km/s at its estimated distance of 2.2-3.5 kpc. Our new results provide the most direct evidence that the gas in the NGC 281 region on the HI loop was blown out from the Galactic plane, most likely in a superbubble driven by multiple or sequential supernova explosions in the Galactic plane.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, PASJ in press (Vol. 59, No. 4; August 25, 2007 issue)
Reaction rate calculation by parallel path swapping
Creators: name: van Erp, Titus S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The efficiency of path sampling simulations can be improved considerably using the approach of path swapping. For this purpose, we have devised a new algorithmic procedure based on the transition interface sampling technique. In the same spirit of parallel tempering, paths between different ensembles are swapped, but the role of temperature is here played by the interface position. We have tested the method on the denaturation transition of DNA using the Peyrard-Bishop-Dauxois model. We find that the new algorithm gives a reduction of the computational cost by a factor 20.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Assuring Quality Higher Education in Sierra Leone: Celebrating a legacy of transformational change
Creators: name: Lewis, Hannah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: On Tuesday, 30th of November, the Assuring Quality Higher Education in Sierra Leone project (part of the SPHEIR portfolio funded by the FCDO) held its final meeting. After four years of working together to prepare for and then implement the project, navigating challenges such as COVID-19 and university strikes, the project team, with representatives all over Sierra Leone as well as the UK and the US came together to close the project and communicate our achievements to our stakeholders. This article summarises some of the key discussions at that meeting.
description: The AQHEd-SL project is funded by the UK's Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) as part of its SPHEIR (Strategic Partnerships for Higher Education Innovation and Reform) programme to support higher education transformation in focus countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and the Middle East.
Cryptosporidiosis in Calves
Creators: name: Anderson, Bruce C.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1981

description: Cryptosporidium is a protozoan parasite of the suborder Eimeriorina which inhabits the microvillous border of intestinal enterocytes of calves, lambsand other animals and which has a life cycle pattern similar to that of other coccidia. Cryptosporidia have been recognized histologically in intestinal sections and by Giemsastained ileal and fecal smears, in field outbreaks of calf diarrhea. Recently, fecal flotation was used to detect oocysts in feces. They most often are in the presence of other enteric pathogens but some recent reports have attributed outbreaks solely to cryptosporidia
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1981
The CO Tully-Fisher Relation and Implications for the Host Galaxies of High-Redshift Quasars
Creators: name: Ho, Luis C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The integrated line width derived from CO spectroscopy provides a powerful tool to study the internal kinematics of extragalactic objects, including quasars at high redshift, provided that the observed line width can be properly translated to more conventionally used kinematical parameters of galaxies. We show, through construction of a K-band CO Tully-Fisher relation for nearby galaxies spanning a wide range in infrared luminosity, that the CO line width measured at 20% of the peak intensity, when corrected for inclination and other effects, successfully recovers the maximum rotation velocity of the disk. The line width at 50% of the peak intensity performs much more poorly, in large part because CO lines have a wide range of profiles, which are shown to vary systematically with infrared luminosity. We present a practical prescription for converting observed CO line widths into the stellar velocity dispersion of the bulge (sigma), and then apply it to a sample of low-redshift (z < 0.2) and high-redshift (1.4 < z < 6.4) quasars to study their host galaxies. Nearby quasars roughly fall on the correlation between black hole mass and bulge stellar velocity dispersion established for inactive galaxies, but the host galaxies of the high-z quasars systematically deviate from the local M_BH-sigma relation. At a given sigma, high-z quasars have black hole masses larger by a factor of 4 relative to local galaxies, suggesting that early in the life-cycle of galaxies the development of the bulge lags behind the growth of the central black hole. An alternative explanation for these observations, which currently cannot be ruled out rigorously, is that high-redshift quasars are preferentially viewed at face-on orientations.
description: To appear in ApJ; 10 pages
A fluctuation theorem for currents and non-linear response coefficients
Creators: name: Andrieux, D.
name: Gaspard, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a recently proved fluctuation theorem for the currents to develop the response theory of nonequilibrium phenomena. In this framework, expressions for the response coefficients of the currents at arbitrary orders in the thermodynamic forces or affinities are obtained in terms of the fluctuations of the cumulative currents and remarkable relations are obtained which are the consequences of microreversibility beyond Onsager reciprocity relations.
Genus Two Partition Functions of Extremal Conformal Field Theories
Creators: name: Gaiotto, Davide
name: Yin, Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently Witten conjectured the existence of a family of "extremal" conformal field theories (ECFTs) of central charge c=24k, which are supposed to be dual to three-dimensional pure quantum gravity in AdS3. Assuming their existence, we determine explicitly the genus two partition functions of k=2 and k=3 ECFTs, using modular invariance and the behavior of the partition function in degenerating limits of the Riemann surface. The result passes highly nontrivial tests and in particular provides a piece of evidence for the existence of the k=3 ECFT. We also argue that the genus two partition function of ECFTs with k<11 are uniquely fixed (if they exist).
description: 14 pages
Multipole analysis on gyroscopic precession in $f(R)$ gravity with irreducible Cartesian tensors
Creators: name: Wu, Bofeng
name: Zhang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In $f(R)$ gravity, the metric, presented in the form of the multipole expansion, for the external gravitational field of a spatially compact supported source up to $1/c^3$ order is provided, where $c$ is the velocity of light in vacuum. The metric consists of General Relativity-like part and $f(R)$ part, where the latter is the correction to the former in $f(R)$ gravity. At the leading pole order, the metric can reduce to that for a point-like or ball-like source. For the gyroscope moving around the source without experiencing any torque, the multipole expansions of its spin's angular velocities of gravitoelectric-type precession, gravitomagnetic-type precession, $f(R)$ precession, and Thomas precession are all derived. The first two types of precession are collectively called General Relativity-like precession, and the $f(R)$ precession is the correction in $f(R)$ gravity. At the leading pole order, these expansions can recover the results for the gyroscope moving around a point-like or ball-like source. If the gyroscope has a nonzero four-acceleration, its spin's total angular velocity of precession up to $1/c^3$ order in $f(R)$ gravity is the same as that in General Relativity.
description: 18 pages;
The Sixth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Creators: name: Adelman-McCarthy, Jennifer K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the Sixth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, the imaging of the Northern Galactic Cap is now complete. The survey contains images and parameters of roughly 287 million objects over 9583 deg^2, and 1.27 million spectra of stars, galaxies, quasars and blank sky (for sky subtraction) selected over 7425 deg^2. This release includes much more extensive stellar spectroscopy than previously, and also includes detailed estimates of stellar temperatures, gravities, and metallicities. The results of improved photometric calibration are now available, with uncertainties of roughly 1% in g, r, i, and z, and 2% in u, substantially better than the uncertainties in previous data releases. The spectra in this data release have improved wavelength and flux calibration, especially in the extreme blue and extreme red, leading to the qualitatively better determination of stellar types and radial velocities. The spectrophotometric fluxes are now tied to point spread function magnitudes of stars rather than fiber magnitudes, giving a 0.35 mag change in the spectrophotometric flux scale. Systematic errors in the velocity dispersions of galaxies have been fixed, and the results of two independent codes for determining spectral classifications and redshifts are made available. (Abridged)
description: 21 pages with 8 color figures. ApJS, in press. Minor modifications from previous version
Molecular phylogenetic and morphological evidence reveal a rare limacoid snail genus, Khmerquantula gen. nov. (Eupulmonata: Dyakiidae) from Cambodia
Creators: name: Pholyotha, Arthit
name: Sutcharit, Chirasak
name: Jirapatrasilp, Parin
name: Ngor, Peng Bun
name: Oba, Yuichi
name: Panha, Somsak
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: An enigmatic land snail species restricted to the karst ecosystem in southern Cambodia and formerly placed in the family Ariophantidae is now reclassified into the family Dyakiidae. Its current systematic position is based on morpho-anatomical characters combined with a molecular phylogeny based on two partial mitochondrial markers (COI and 16S rDNA) and a nuclear gene fragment (28S rDNA). Our results indicate that Khmerquantula gen. nov. is a member of the Dyakiidae with very strong support from both morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses. The diagnostic characters of this new genus and new species, Khmerquantula leipo are a dextral shell with a well-polished surface, animal with only three dorsal lobes, and reproductive organ without penial verge and amatorial organ papilla. This finding adds a new taxon to current biodiversity and illustrates the growing knowledge of the endemic malacofauna in Cambodia. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5E5201B1-5BE6-452F-8D1A-B292DBA4AC25 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0D0414A4-FDA5-4E59-BAFE-1E1B68F37E36 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E08633F4-F5E1-4D99-8C70-252DF349C39A
Experimental study of the coherent A1 phonons in Te with tailored femtosecond pulses
Creators: name: Misochko, O V
name: Lebedev, M V
name: Schaefer, H
name: Dekorsy, T
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We tailor the shape and phase of the pump pulse spectrum in order to study the coherent lattice dynamics in tellurium. Employing the coherent control via splitting the pump pulse into a two-pulse sequence, we show that the oscillations due to A1 coherent phonons can be cancelled but not enhanced as compared to single pulse excitation. We further demonstrate that a decisive factor for the coherent phonon generation is the bandwidth of the pulse spectrum and not the steepness of the pulse envelope. We also observe that the coherent amplitude for long pump pulses decreases exponentially independent of the shape of the pulse spectrum. Finally, by varying the pulse chirp, we show that the coherent amplitude is independent of while the oscillation lifetime is dependent on the chirp sign.
description: submitted to New Journal of Physics
INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE IN BLACK MIDDLE-CLASS FAMILIES DURING ECONOMIC DOWNTURNS AND SOCIAL UNREST
Creators: name: Johnson, Kalani
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law

description: In domestic violence scholarship, the literature finds that Black women experience higher intimate partner violence (IPV) rates across all income levels. However, little attention is given to understanding the intersectionality of these women. This study investigates IPV against Black women from a Black feminist lens. Using Straus and Murray’s 1976’s Physical Violence in American Families survey, class status (emphasizing the occupational, as defined by Black-middle class studies), economic strain, and race provide the opportunity to assess the varying effects on husband-to-wife abuse rates. This data was used because of the social context at the time (i.e., social unrest, recession) of collection and availability of the occupational title variable. The data is analyzed using a negative binomial, while a second model explores the use of a three-way interaction variable. Results suggest income remains a strong predictor of husband-to-wife violence; however, occupational becomes a predictor for abuse (verbal and/or physical violence). Economic strain was not significant for violence or abuse. The results suggest that income remains the better predictor of IPV against women for both races, while the occupational is tangential. Moreover, future research should explore how to capture and measure social strain to understand the potential impact on IPV rates.
Towards Antihydrogen Confinement with the ALPHA Antihydrogen Trap
Creators: name: Fujiwara, M. C.
name: Andresen, G.
name: Bertsche, W.
name: Boston, A.
name: Bowe, P. D.
name: Cesar, C. L.
name: Chapman, S.
name: Charlton, M.
name: Chartier, M.
name: Deutsch, A.
name: Fajans, J.
name: Funakoshi, R.
name: Gill, D. R.
name: Gomberoff, K.
name: Hangst, J. S.
name: Hardy, W. N.
name: Hayano, R. S.
name: Hydomako, R.
name: Jenkins, M. J.
name: Jorgensen, L. V.
name: Kurchaninov, L.
name: Madsen, N.
name: Nolan, P.
name: Olchanski, K.
name: Olin, A.
name: Page, R. D.
name: Povilus, A.
name: Robicheaux, F.
name: Sarid, E.
name: Silveira, D. M.
name: Storey, J. W.
name: Thompson, R. I.
name: van der Werf, D. P.
name: Wurtele, J. S.
name: Yamazaki, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ALPHA is an international project that has recently begun experimentation at CERN's Antiproton Decelerator (AD) facility. The primary goal of ALPHA is stable trapping of cold antihydrogen atoms with the ultimate goal of precise spectroscopic comparisons with hydrogen. We discuss the status of the ALPHA project and the prospects for antihydrogen trapping.
description: Invited talk at International Conference on Trapped Charged Particles and Fundamental Physics: TCP06, Parksville, BC, Canada, September 2006. To be published in Hyperfine Interactions