cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum field theory of topological spin dynamics
Creators: name: Nikolić, Predrag
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a field theory of quantum magnets and magnetic (semi)metals, which is suitable for the analysis of their universal and topological properties. The systems of interest include collinear, coplanar and general non-coplanar magnets. At the basic level, we describe the dynamics of magnetic moments using smooth vector fields in the continuum limit. Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction is captured by a non-Abelian vector gauge field, and chiral spin couplings related to topological defects appear as higher-rank antisymmetric tensor gauge fields. We distinguish type-I and type-II magnets by their equilibrium response to the non-Abelian gauge flux, and characterize the resulting lattices of skyrmions and hedgehogs, the spectra of spin waves, and the chiral response to external perturbations. The general spin-orbit coupling of electrons is similarly described by non-Abelian gauge fields, including higher-rank tensors related to the electronic Berry flux. Itinerant electrons and local moments exchange their gauge fluxes through Kondo and Hund interactions. Hence, by utilizing gauge fields, this theory provides a unifying physical picture of ``intrinsic'' and ``topological'' anomalous Hall effects, spin-Hall effects, and other correlations between the topological properties of electrons and moments. We predict ``topological'' magnetoelectric effect in materials prone to hosting hedgehogs. Links to experiments and model calculations are provided by deriving the couplings and gauge fields from generic microscopic models, including the Hubbard model with spin-orbit interactions. We establish the possible existence of novel quantum spin liquids that exhibit a fractional magnetoelectric effect, and discuss a few applications to topological magnetic conductors like Mn$_3$Sn and Pr$_2$Ir$_2$O$_7$.
description: Revised version with a new section. 44 pages, 2 figures
An X-ray Reprocessing Model of Disk Thermal Emission in Type 1 Seyfert Galaxies
Creators: name: Chiang, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a geometry consisting of a hot central Comptonizing plasma surrounded by a thin accretion disk, we model the optical through hard X-ray spectral energy distributions of the type 1 Seyfert galaxies NGC 3516 and NGC 7469. As in the model proposed by Poutanen, Krolik, & Ryde for the X-ray binary Cygnus X-1 and later applied to Seyfert galaxies by Zdziarski, Lubiński, & Smith, feedback between the radiation reprocessed by the disk and the thermal Comptonization emission from the hot central plasma plays a pivotal role in determining the X-ray spectrum, and as we show, the optical and ultraviolet spectra as well. Seemingly uncorrelated optical/UV and X-ray light curves, similar to those which have been observed from these objects can be explained by variations in the size, shape, and temperature of the Comptonizing plasma. Furthermore, by positing a disk mass accretion rate which satisfies a condition for global energy balance between the thermal Comptonization luminosity and the power available from accretion, one can predict the spectral properties of the hard X-ray continuum above $\sim 50$ keV in type 1 Seyfert galaxies. Forthcoming measurements of the hard X-ray continuum by more sensitive hard X-ray and soft $γ$-ray telescopes, in conjunction with simultaneous optical, UV, and soft X-ray monitoring, will allow the mass accretion rates to be directly constrained for these sources in the context of this model.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, LaTeX2e, emulateapj5, accepted for publication in ApJ
Die Rolle von CCUS in der industriellen Transformation (Technology Talk)
Creators: name: Kienberger, Thomas
name: Hochmeister, Susanne
name: NEFI New Energy for Industry
Publisher: name: NEFI New Energy for Industry
Year: 2025
Subjects: NEFI
Innovationsnetzwerk
Energie
Industrie
New Energy for Industry
Klima- und Energiefonds
Vorzeigeregion
Industrielle Transformation
Klimaneutralität in der Industrie
GHG Abatement

description: Zur Erreichung der Klimaneutralität braucht es unterschiedliche Maßnahmen. In manchen Industrieprozessen können die Treibhausgas Emissionen nicht vollständig vermieden werden. Dort besteht aber die grundsätzliche Möglichkeit, nicht-reduzierbare CO2-Emissionen abzuscheiden, zu transportieren, geologisch zu speichern oder so weiter zu nutzen, dass sie permanent gebunden sind.

Die im Juni 2024 beschlossene österreichische Carbon Management Strategie (CMS) sieht als Empfehlung die Zulassung der geologischen Speicherung von schwer beziehungsweise nicht vermeidbaren CO2-Emissionen in "hard-to-abate"-Sektoren unter strengen Sicherheits- und Umweltauflagen vor. Es stellen sich Fragen der organisatorischen, technologischen und wirtschaftlichen Umsetzbarkeit sowie der Ausgestaltung der gesetzlichen Rahmenbedingungen.

Der NEFI Technology Talk des OÖ Energiesparverbandes präsentierte und diskutierte am 3. April 2025 wichtige technische, ökonomische und rechtliche Aspekte zum Thema CCUS sowie unterschiedliche Sichtweisen rund um die Infrastruktur, Nutzung und allfällige Verspeicherung von schwer oder nicht vermeidbaren CO2-Emissionen.

NEFI+ ist die österreichische Innovations-Plattform zur Transformation der Industrie in Richtung Klimaneutralität. Die NEFI Technology Talks sind eine Veranstaltungsreihe, die sich aktuellen technischen und systemischen Fragestellungen rund um die industrielle Energiewende widmet.
Additional file 1 of HairNet: a deep learning model to score leaf hairiness, a key phenotype for cotton fibre yield, value and insect resistance
Creators: name: Rolland, Vivien
name: Farazi, Moshiur R.
name: Conaty, Warren C.
name: Cameron, Deon
name: Liu, Shiming
name: Petersson, Lars
name: Stiller, Warwick N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Average [min, max] accuracy of HairNet model on leaf-based splits with training dataset size, as reported in Fig. 8a. Table S2. Average [min, max] accuracy of HairNet model on year-based splits with training dataset size, as reported in Fig. 8b. Table S3. Average [min, max] accuracy of HairNet model on environment-based splits with training dataset size, as reported in Fig. 8c. Figure S1. Effect of varying the probability (p) of Random Vertical (RV) and Random Horizontal (RH) flip data augmentation on model accuracy (Image Accuracy [IA]). Figure S2. Effect of different weight initialisation methods in the classification neural network on model accuracy (Image Accuracy [IA]). Figure S3. Prediction of HairNet model on random examples from the whole dataset. Figure S4. Prediction of HairNet model on random first image (most proximal) examples from the whole dataset. Figure S5. Effect of Gaussian noise on model accuracy. Figure S6. Normalized confusion matrices of HairNet predictions on leaf-based splits. Figure S7. Normalized confusion matrices of HairNet predictions on year-based splits. Figure S8. Normalized confusion matrices of HairNet predictions on environment-based splits.
Few-Electron Quantum Dot Circuit with Integrated Charge Read-Out
Creators: name: Elzerman, J. M.
name: Hanson, R.
name: Greidanus, J. S.
name: van Beveren, L. H. Willems
name: De Franceschi, S.
name: Vandersypen, L. M. K.
name: Tarucha, S.
name: Kouwenhoven, L. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the realization of a few-electron double quantum dot defined in a two-dimensional electron gas by means of surface gates on top of a GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure. Two quantum point contacts (QPCs) are placed in the vicinity of the double quantum dot and serve as charge detectors. These enable determination of the number of conduction electrons on each dot. This number can be reduced to zero while still allowing transport measurements through the double dot. Microwave radiation is used to pump an electron from one dot to the other by absorption of a single photon. The experiments demonstrate that this quantum dot circuit can serve as a good starting point for a scalable spin-qubit system.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
The development of novel methods for the targeting and manipulation of neural circuits in vivo
Creators: name: Lee, Hassal
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: circuit-tracing
CRISPR-CAS9
Rabies Virus
neurodegeneration
gene therapy
viral gene therapy
interneuronal protein transfer

description: Neural networks are at the core of the brain’s ability to compute complex responses to our external environment. Clinically, network dysfunction is emerging as a key component of several psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease or schizophrenia. However, our ability to precisely and safely manipulate neural networks for research and deliver network-specific therapy remains limited. To address this problem, our lab recently developed a monosynaptically restricted Self-Inactivating Rabies virus (SiR) which enables the targeting of neural circuits without cytotoxicity. To expand the scope of SiR we further developed the technology in two directions: A) By incorporating the CRISPR/CAS9 gene-editing machinery into the SiR genome to successfully edit endogenous loci in vitro and in vivo. B) By designing an improved second generation SiR virus (SiR 2.0) which applies the same SiR technology to a challenge rabies strain (CVS-N2C). SiR 2.0 demonstrates increased neurotropism, increased trans-synaptic transfer efficiency and markedly decreased immunogenicity compared to the SiR 1.0 vector. These advancements expand the scope of SiR viruses to be used in the genome-editing of circuits in vivo. A combined SiR 2.0 CAS9 virus, in physiology, allows us to investigate the roles of genes within circuits in the brain function of live animals. For therapy, it paves the way for the rabies virus’ potential use to edit disease-related genes in dysfunctional circuits. Despite the circuit-basis of many neurological disorders, existing gene therapy vectors are not circuit specific. In addition, the practical difficulties of delivering therapeutic agents at high doses into the central nervous system exacerbates our inability to achieve high therapeutic loads into affected circuits. In contrast, a SiR 2.0 CAS9 virus would, following injection into peripheral organs, trans-synaptically spread into desired circuits of the central nervous system that are affected in neurological disease (e.g. networks demonstrating pathological protein propagation in neurodegenerative disorders) and edit disease-related genes. Lastly, our interest in network-level pathological protein propagation also led us to investigate the biology behind this observation. Due to additional evidence that a significant number of other proteins in physiology also show interneuronal movement, we hypothesised that perhaps this is an overlooked phenomena in neurobiology which could have key implications
MOESM1 of Impact of metformin use among tuberculosis close contacts with diabetes mellitus in a nationwide cohort study
Creators: name: Ming-Chia Lee
name: Chih-Hsin Lee
name: Meng-Rui Lee
name: Jann-Yuan Wang
name: Shih-Ming Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Supplemental methods and results. This file includes definitions of co-morbidities, list of drugs and anatomic therapeutic chemical codes, E-Table S1, E-Table S2, E-Table S3, E-Table S4 and E-Table S5.
MOESM1 of Heritabilities for the puppy weight at birth in Labrador retrievers
Creators: name: Schelling, Claude
name: Gaillard, Claude
name: Russenberger, Jane
name: Moseley, Lou
name: Dolf, Gaudenz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Effects of covariates.
IAG-FA-GSWR-JSG1 2019 Mid-term Report PPT
Creators: name: Calabia, Andres
name: Shah, Munawar
name: Adhikari, Binod
name: Amory-Mazaudier, Christine
name: Maute, Astrid
name: Lu, Gang
name: Chukwuma, Anoruo
name: Jimoh, Oluwaseyi Emmanuel
name: Mehta, Piyush M.
name: Yuan, LiangLiang
name: Maruyama, Naomi
name: Ayorinde, Toyese Tunde
name: Owolabi, Charles
name: Ariyibi, Emmanuel Abiodun
name: Bolaji, Olawale S.
name: Yasyukevich, Yury
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Mid-term report about recent activities and future works of the Join Study Group 1: Coupling processes between magnetosphere, thermosphere, and ionosphere. This group is implemented at the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) Inter-Commission Committee on Theory (ICCT); joint with IAG Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS), Focus Area on Geodetic Space Weather Research (FA-GSWR), and IAG Commission 4, and IAG subCommission 4.3.
Probing Beyond Standard Model Physics with Elelctroweak Penguin B Decays
Creators: name: Nakao, Mikihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Latest experimental progress is reviewed on the searches for physics beyond the Standard Model using the radiative and electroweak penguin decays of B mesons. This review covers inclusive and exclusive measurements of the b --> s gamma, b --> d gamma and b --> s l+ l- processes, including the first observation of B --> K l+ l- and the first attempt to measure the inclusive B --> X(s) l+ l- branching fraction.
description: Invited talk at the XXII Physics in Collisions Conference (PIC02), Stanford, Ca, USA, June 2002, 11 pages, LaTeX, 5 eps figures. PSN THAT03
Modeling the Impact of Drought on Agriculture and Food Security in Sudan
Creators: name: Siddig, Khalid
name: Siddig, Khalid
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: drought
subject: CGE
subject: Agriculture
subject: Food supply
subject: Sudan.

description: Global climatic changes and water scarcity are attracting major concerns in the recent literature. These issues are particularly important in a country like Sudan, where agriculture contributes over 31% to GDP and the bulk of agricultural production depends on rainfall. Similar to several countries in the Sahel belt of Africa, Sudan has suffered a number of long and devastating droughts during the last decades. The most severe drought occurred in 1984, which was accompanied by widespread displacement and famine, while localized and less severe droughts were also recorded during the late sixties, late eighties and early nineties (UNEP, 2007). This paper is an attempt to use the history of drought in Sudan exemplified by the famous droughts of 1984 and 1990 to estimate the economic effects of future droughts on Sudan. The two drought periods are simulated in a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) modeling framework that is defined and calibrated to produce parameters necessary for the analysis. The model uses the most recent Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) that represents the Sudanese economy in 2004 as underlying database. Results indicate and confirm the ability of the model to determine the magnitude of the loss in the domestic supply as well as the welfare and overall economic implications of droughts. This provides insights for all relevant institutions such as the Strategic Reserve Corporation and the food aid agencies working in Sudan to estimate the mitigation requirements for future drought incidents in Sudan.
Water Price and Water Sectoral Reallocation in Andalusia. A Computable General Equilibrium Approach1
Creators: name: Cardenete, Manuel Alejandro
name: Hewings, Geoffrey
name: Cardenete, Manuel Alejandro
name: Hewings, Geoffrey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: environmental tax reforms
subject: computable general equilibrium
subject: water price.

description: The objective of this work is to analyze the effects that an increase in the price of the water delivered to the agriculture sector to promote the conservation of this resource would have on the efficiency of the consumption of water and the possible reallocation of water to the remaining productive sectors. The analysis is motivated by the fact that the agriculture consumes a disproportionately large amount of water at very low prices –subsidized-. The methodology that will be used to explore the implications on the economy will be a computable general equilibrium model (CGE), previously designed for an analysis of the direct taxes of the Andalusian economy (Cardenete and Sancho, 2003), but now enhanced and extended to include emissions of pollutants and the introduction of environmental taxes (André, Cardenete and Velázquez, 2005). This model has been further modified to introduce the variations in the water price that we will try to analyze by means of a tariff applied on the production structure. The main conclusion drawn indicates that, although the tax policy applied does not correspond to a significant water saving in the above-mentioned sector, a reallocation of this resource is achieved which seems to generate a more efficient and more rational behavior from a production point of view.
The Co-Evolution of Galaxies and the Cool Circumgalactic Medium Probed with the SDSS and DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys
Creators: name: Lan, Ting-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of galaxies and the circumgalactic medium (CGM) through cosmic time by correlating $\sim50,000$ MgII absorbers, tracers of cool gas ($\sim10^{4}$~K), detected in the SDSS quasar spectra with galaxies detected in the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys. By doing so, we extract the properties of galaxies associated with absorbers from redshift 0.4 to 1.3 with effectively $\sim 15,000$ pairs and explore the covering fraction of MgII absorbers as a function of galaxy type, stellar mass, impact parameter, and redshift. We find that the gas covering fraction increases with stellar mass of galaxies by $\sim M_{*}^{0.4}$. However, after we normalize the impact parameter by the virial radius of dark matter halos, the gas profiles around galaxies with masses ranging from $10^{9}$ to $10^{11} \, M_{\odot}$ become weakly dependent on stellar mass. In addition, the gas distribution depends on galaxy type: the covering fraction within $0.3 \, r_{vir}$ around star-forming galaxies is 2-4 times higher than that around passive galaxies at all redshifts. We find that the covering fraction of strong absorbers ($W_{\lambda2796}>1$ Angstrom) around both types of galaxies evolves significantly with redshift, similarly to the evolution of star-formation rate of galaxies, while such an evolution is not detected for weak absorbers ($W_{\lambda2796}<1$ Angstrom). We quantify the HI mass traced by strong absorbers and find that the gas mass around galaxies evolves consistently with the star-formation rate of galaxies. This result suggests that the properties of galaxies and their CGM co-evolve through cosmic time. Finally, we discuss the origins of strong absorbers around passive galaxies and argue that its redshift evolution may trace the star-formation activity of satellite galaxies.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, ApJ accepted
Development of a Software Package for the Quantitative Analysis of Proteomic Mass Spectrometry Datasets Labelled with Nitrogen-15
Creators: name: Charles, Philip David
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Proteomics
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Nitrogen-15
subject: 15N
subject: Mass Spectrometry
subject: Quantitation
subject: Quantification

description: Elemental metabolic labelling using 15N stable isotopes is a technique used in peptide-centric proteomics that allows samples to be mixed before preparation and analysis (minimising technical variance) without introducing sample ambiguity to the results. Labelling with 15N induces a mass shift in labelled peptides that, when analysed by mass spectrometry (MS), allows the signal associated with differently labelled samples to be differentiated. When compared to similar labelling techniques such as Stable Isotope Labelling by Amino acids in Cell culture (SILAC), 15N poses unique challenges for analysis because the level of label incorporation affects not only the relative intensity of signals in MS analysis, but also how that signal is distributed. A computational signal extraction algorithm is not easily generalised to all peptides, especially if there are differences in the level of incorporation. Analysis of 15N data has been neglected by the general pace of software development in proteomic MS. Furthermore, the current 15N analysis options have relatively complex installation procedures and are limited to a command-line interface. I describe the development of a cross-platform 15N quantification software package (HeavyMetL) which runs inside a web browser, requiring no installation procedure and providing a graphical interface for both the analysis of data and visual interrogation of results (in addition to a more typical text-format table output). The optimisation (using experimental data) of a core part of the algorithm to determine the level of 15N incorporation is described in detail. Finally, the performance of HeavyMetL is benchmarked against published 15N labelled data from Arabidopsis seedlings quantified by a previously published algorithm, showing that HeavyMetL produces quantification of equivalent or better quality.
Additional file 1 of Activation of TCA cycle restrains virus-metabolic hijacking and viral replication in mouse hepatitis virus-infected cells
Creators: name: Lee, Sang R.
name: Roh, Jeong Yeon
name: Ryu, Jihoon
name: Shin, Hyun-Jin
name: Hong, Eui-Ju
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Suppressed mitochondrial energy metabolism by glycolysis inhibitors. Extracellular acidification rates and oxygen consumption rates were measured before and after oligomycin treatment. Rate changes were normalized relative to baseline. DBT cells were treated for 30 h as indicated; 2-DG (2-deoxyglucose, 1mM), PHA (phenylalanine, 0.5 mM). Values represent means ± SD. *, p
Pretence and Counterfactual Reasoning: What is the nature of the relationship
Creators: name: Francis, Gill Althia
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Pretence
Counterfactual Reasoning
Imagination
Hypothetical Thinking
Cognitive Models

description: This study aims to explore the theoretical assertion that pretence and counterfactual reasoning involve the same cognitive mechanisms. However, there is little empirical evidence concerning the nature of the association between pretence and counterfactual reasoning (CFR), and the associations of these constructs with other cognitive abilities. This study investigated shared cognitive skills proposed to link pretence to counterfactual reasoning and explored whether an underlying cognitive capacity might explain the associations shared between the two. This study uses a large-scale observational design to test the relationship between pretence and counterfactual reasoning at a structural level. 189 typically developing children (Mage = 58 mths, SD = 4) completed measures of pretend play, counterfactual reasoning, executive functions (EFs) and receptive language. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to assess whether pretence and CFR measures each loaded on to latent factors. Hierarchical multiple repression analyses were used to assess predictors of scores on these factors. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to explore whether a second order ability explained common variance in CFR and Pretence latent variables. CFA results confirmed the latent pretence and CFR constructs emerged as predicted. Further these factors were significantly correlated with each other. The hierarchical multiple regression analyses identified inhibition as commonly accounting for unique variance in both latent constructs. SEM supported that a second-order factor, predicted by inhibition, accounted for the unique variance shared between pretence and counterfactual reasoning. The findings are discussed with reference to the theoretical supposition that pretence and counterfactual reasoning share cognitive mechanisms. Based on the results of this first study to model empirically a unifying theory of pretence and counterfactual reasoning, a tentative new theoretical model is proposed which is based on the idea of a general mental state model of an imaginary representational capacity influenced by inhibitory control.
description: Cambridge Lego Scholarship
GEOMAX: beyond linear compression for 3pt galaxy clustering statistics
Creators: name: Gualdi, Davide
name: Gil-Marín, Héctor
name: Manera, Marc
name: Joachimi, Benjamin
name: Lahav, Ofer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the GEOMAX algorithm and its Python implementation for a two-step compression of bispectrum measurements. The first step groups bispectra by the geometric properties of their arguments; the second step then maximises the Fisher information with respect to a chosen set of model parameters in each group. The algorithm only requires the derivatives of the data vector with respect to the parameters and a small number of mock data, producing an effective, non-linear compression. By applying GEOMAX to bispectrum monopole measurements from BOSS DR12 CMASS redshift-space galaxy clustering data, we reduce the $68\%$ credible intervals for the inferred parameters $\left(b_1,b_2,f,σ_8\right)$ by $\left(50.4\%,56.1\%,33.2\%,38.3\%\right)$ with respect to standard MCMC on the full data vector. We run the analysis and comparison between compression methods over one hundred galaxy mocks to test the statistical significance of the improvements. On average GEOMAX performs $\sim15\%$ better than geometrical or maximal linear compression alone and is consistent with being lossless. Given its flexibility, the GEOMAX approach has the potential to optimally exploit three-point statistics of various cosmological probes like weak lensing or line-intensity maps from current and future cosmological data-sets such as DESI, Euclid, PFS and SKA.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, accepted version by MNRAS
Polymer Waveguide Amplifiers
Creators: name: Ziarko, Marcin Wojciech
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: polymer
Erbium-doped
EDWA
EDPWA
Erbium-doped waveguide amplifier
Erbium-doped polymer waveguide amplifier

description: Polymer-based optical waveguides are a promising technology for integrating optical links onto standard printed circuit boards as they enable cost-effective manufacturing and assembly as well as offer high bandwidth. The motivation for this work is to address the lack of amplifying components the currently demonstrated polymer interconnects, which limits the complexity, functionality and reach of these systems. This dissertation studies combination of rare-earth-doped material with polymer platform to create compact erbium-doped waveguide amplifiers (EDWAs) for board-level interconnect applications. Siloxane polymer materials developed by Dow Corning are used as they have shown the necessary optical, mechanical and thermal properties required for EDWA designs (such as the ability to withstand temperatures in excess of 350 °C). The feasibility of two approaches for integrating Er-doped materials into siloxane polymer layers is investigated, namely: (i) ultrafast laser plasma implantation (ULPI) and (ii) solution-based dispersion of Er-doped nanoparticles (NP). Er-doped thin films are prepared with these two methods and their properties investigated. The maximum dopant concentrations and lifetimes are determined to be 16.3, 4.4 and 1.5 × 10$^{20}$ cm$^{-3}$ and 12.1, 4.2 and 5.7 ms for ULPI into silica glass, ULPI into polymer and the dispersion of erbium NPs in a polymer matrix, respectively. An EDWA numerical modelling framework is developed to optimise the erbium-ytterbium ratio to maximise the device gain while accounting for various potential integration methods and waveguide design parameters. Using a channel geometry based on the measured optical properties of Er-doped glass, an internal gain of 9.6 dB/cm is predicted at the optimal Er:Yb ratio of 9.0:7.3 × 10$^{20}$ cm$^{-3}$ when pumped at an optical power of 200 mW. A hybrid, polymer-glass strip-loaded design is proposed to combine the highly doped glass layer with the polymer material. While a slightly lower gain of 7.4 dB/cm is projected in the re-optimised design under the same operating conditions, it benefits from a simpler fabrication procedure. An experimental study of devices prepared through the direct Er integration into polymer waveguides enables a comparison with developed theoretical models. A good agreement between measured and modelled results show that a practical amplifier operation with erbium concentration of 1.5 × 10$^{20}$ cm$^{-3}$ is prevented by the dopant NP clustering and the potential gain limited by the absence of ytterbium co-doping. The excess scattering loss of 9.3 dB/cm could not be further reduced only with the proposed additional ultrasonication and filtering fabrication steps indicating alternative approaches such as core-shell structures are required.
description: Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)
The $U_A(1)$ Problem on the Lattice
Creators: name: Giusti, L.
name: Rossi, G. C.
name: Testa, M.
name: Veneziano, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the expression of the topological charge density operator, suggested by fermions obeying the Ginsparg--Wilson relation, is employed, it is possible to prove on the lattice the validity of the Witten--Veneziano formula for the $η'$ mass. Recent numerical results from simulations with overlap fermions in 2 (abelian Schwinger model) and 4 (QCD) dimensions give values for the mass of the lightest pseudo-scalar flavour-singlet state that agree with theoretical expectations and/or experimental data.
description: 3 pages, talk presented by G.C. Rossi at Lattice2001(theorydevelop)
title: Avant-propos_Guide pratique de l'amateur de papillons
Creators: name: AmateurS
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Avant-propos
description: ID_PARA_00553
MOESM1 of Effect of tranexamic acid on mortality in patients with haemoptysis: a nationwide study
Creators: name: Kinoshita, Takahiro
name: Ohbe, Hiroyuki
name: Matsui, Hiroki
name: Kiyohide Fushimi
name: Ogura, Hiroshi
name: Yasunaga, Hideo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Aetiology of haemoptysis according to ICD-10 codes. The aetiology of haemoptysis was divided into the following categories: cryptogenic, tuberculosis, bronchopulmonary carcinoma, cystic fibrosis/bronchial dilatation, respiratory infection, aspergillosis, and “others”. Benign pulmonary bronchial tumour (D143), vasculitis (J991, M317, M310, and M301), pulmonary embolism (I260, I269, O880, O881, O883, and O888), thoracic trauma (S2580, S270, S272, S273, S275, S277, S278, S298, and S299), pulmonary oedema (I501, J81, I502, I081, I083, I342, I681, I050, and Q232), anticoagulant involvement (Y442 and D683), vascular malformation (Q252, Q254, Q257, Q258, I280, I719, and M352), bronchial endometriosis (N808), foreign body (T178, T174, and T175), and pulmonary haemosiderosis (E831) were defined as “others”, since only a small number of patients existed in each subgroup. Patients were classified into the cryptogenic category when none of the above listed diagnoses were recorded. ICD-10, International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision.
Exciton and Energy Transfer Dynamics in Hybrid Perovskite and Lanthanide Nanomaterials
Creators: name: Ni, Limeng
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Renewable energy
Solar cells
Light-emitting diodes
Exciton dynamics
Energy transfer
Ultrafast spectroscopy

description: A new class of semiconductors, halide perovskites have stood out from other semiconductors due to their tunable emission properties, ease of fabrication and device integration. Some perovskite nanostructures, e.g. self-assembled hybrid perovskite quantum wells (PQWs) and CsPbX3 nanoparticles, show interesting excitonic properties and enhanced stability towards moisture, oxygen, and heat. In organic semiconductors, triplet excitons are of great importance because they are usually the lowest-energy states and they show long lifetimes and diffusion lengths. However, triplet excitons are dark states. This makes harvesting triplet energy for optoelectronic applications difficult. This thesis focuses on fundamental study on: 1) Understanding the exciton dynamics in two-dimensional PQWs, especially the exciton-phonon coupling dynamics. Femtosecond vibrational spectroscopy was performed to deliver a real-time picture of the phonon modes that interact with excitons. These vibrational modes govern the linewidth broadening and the asymmetric lineshape of the photoluminescence (PL) of PQWs. 2) Triplet energy transfer mechanism from CsPbX3 perovskite nanoparticles to DPA ligands for upconversion purpose. Magnetic field dependent PL (MPL) confirms the triplet-born nature of upconverted emission of DPA, when perovskite nanocrystals were selectively photo excited. The ultrafast (~100 ps) triplet transfer time from perovskite nanocrystals to DPA ligands was determined through transient absorption spectroscopy. 3) The ‘dark’ triplet states of tetracene/TIPS-tetracene were harvested as downconverted emission at the NIR wavelengths using lanthanide materials. Upconverted emission of tetracene/TIPS-tetracene was also observed when lanthanide was selectively excited. MPL and time-resolved spectroscopy were conducted to reveal the transfer mechanisms of this downconversion/upconversion system. These results provide a vital new insight into 2D perovskites and inorganic nanocrystals/organic semiconductor interface and help provide guidelines for material design and engineering.
description: Jardine Foundation, Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), Winton Programme for the Physics of Sustainability
Improving Heart Rate Estimation on Consumer Grade Wrist-Worn Device Using Post-Calibration Approach
Creators: name: Choksatchawathi, Tanut
name: Ponglertnapakorn, Puntawat
name: Ditthapron, Apiwat
name: Leelaarporn, Pitshaporn
name: Wisutthisen, Thayakorn
name: Piriyajitakonkij, Maytus
name: Wilaiprasitporn, Theerawit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The technological advancement in wireless health monitoring through the direct contact of the skin allows the development of light-weight wrist-worn wearable devices to be equipped with different sensors such as photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors. However, the motion artifact (MA) is possible to occur during daily activities. In this study, we attempted to perform a post-calibration of the heart rate (HR) estimation during the three possible states of average daily activity (resting, \textcolor{red}{laying down}, and intense treadmill activity states) in 29 participants (130 minutes/person) on four popular wearable devices: Fitbit Charge HR, Apple Watch Series 4, TicWatch Pro, and Empatica E4. In comparison to the standard measurement (HR$_\text{ECG}$), HR provided by Fitbit Charge HR (HR$_\text{Fitbit}$) yielded the highest error of $3.26 \pm 0.34$ bpm in resting, $2.33 \pm 0.23$ bpm in \textcolor{red}{laying down}, $9.53 \pm 1.47$ bpm in intense treadmill activity states, and $5.02 \pm 0.64$ bpm in all states combined among the four chosen devices. Following our improving HR estimation model with rolling windows as feature (HR$_\text{R}$), the mean absolute error (MAE) was significantly reduced by $33.44\%$ in resting, $15.88\%$ in \textcolor{red}{laying down}, $9.55\%$ in intense treadmill activity states, and $18.73\%$ in all states combined. This demonstrates the feasibility of our proposed methods in order to correct and provide HR monitoring post-calibrated with high accuracy, raising further awareness of individual fitness in the daily application.
How Sensitive Are Weak Lensing Statistics to Dark Energy Content?
Creators: name: Munshi, Dipak
name: Wang, Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future weak lensing surveys will directly probe the clustering of dark matter, in addition to providing a test for various cosmological models. Recent studies have provided us with the tools which can be used to construct the complete probability distribution function for convergence fields. It is also possible to construct the bias associated with the hot-spots in convergence maps. These techniques can be used in both the quasi-linear and the highly nonlinear regimes using various well developed numerical methods. We use these results here to study the weak lensing statistics of cosmological models with dark energy. We study how well various classes of dark energy models can be distinguished from models with a cosmological constant. We find that the ratio of the square root of the variance of convergence is complementary to the convergence skewness $S_3$ in probing dark energy equation of state; it can be used to predict the expected difference in weak lensing statistics between various dark energy models, and for choosing optimized smoothing angles to constrain a given class of dark energy models. Our results should be useful for probing dark energy using future weak lensing data with high statistics from galaxy weak lensing surveys and supernova pencil beam surveys.
description: slightly modified version, ApJ accepted
Detailed transfer line beam characteristics at an operational proton therapy center
Creators: name: Gillespie, George
name: Konzer, Joshua
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2025

description: The McLaren Proton Therapy Center functions as a clinically active, multi-room cancer treatment center.  Beam size, position, and current measurements along the transfer lines are being utilized together with simulations to validate computer models for the Center’s transfer lines and associated beam parameters.  BPM data collected along the beam lines provide detailed beam measurements.  A computer tool, utilizing nonlinear constrained optimization programs that are integrated with a beam envelope code, is used to find detailed beam phase space parameters (sigma matrices, centroids) that reproduced the measured data.  Quadrupole scan and steerer scan experiments are used to validate the calibration and alignment of these devices, as well as to independently confirm beam parameters at selected locations.  Beam current measurements along the beamlines are used to infer transmission efficiencies and are compared to multi-particle simulations in order to identify beam loss locations. The goal of the work is to develop an improved understanding of the beams and beam transfer lines to support further beamline optimization and design activities.  An overview of the combined experimental and simulation methodology will be described and selected results presented.
Japan’s Agri-Food Sector and the Trans-Pacific Partnership
Creators: name: Dyck, John
name: Arita, Shawn
name: Dyck, John
name: Arita, Shawn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Japan
subject: trade
subject: trade agreement
subject: trade liberalization
subject: Trans-Pacific Partnership
subject: TPP
subject: Pacific Rim
subject: Japanese agriculture
subject: Japanese agri-food sector
subject: product differentiation

description: Japan’s agriculture has been inward oriented, protected by trade barriers from foreign competition. Even though the share of Japan’s food consumption provided by Japanese production has gradually fallen, Japan’s farm sector remains the second-largest among the countries negotiating the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). Japan’s food industry is increasingly integrated with TPP economies, although the TPP share of Japan’s agricultural imports has fallen over time. The proposed TPP agreement would lead to more agricultural exports to Japan from TPP partners, likely dominating the total agricultural trade impact of such an agreement. Despite potentially large import increases, especially in the rice, beef, and dairy sectors, the proposed agreement would only marginally reduce Japan’s output. Intrinsic strengths of Japanese agricultural production and constraints to the growth of supply in the rest of the TPP countries may limit the impact of the agreement on Japan’s agriculture. Nevertheless, U.S. exports would be well positioned to meet Japan’s new import demand.
Paratelius snizeki Malohlava et Bocak 2009, n. sp.
Creators: name: Malohlava, Vladimír
name: Bocak, Ladislav
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Lycidae
Paratelius
Paratelius snizeki

description: Paratelius snizeki Malohlava et Bocak, n. sp.
 Type material: Holotype, male. Borneo, Sabah, Crocker Mt., Gunung Emas env., 15.-27. iv. 1993, leg. Jenis & Strba (LMBC). Paratype: male, Borneo, Sabah, Mt. Kinabalu, 28 May 1999, M. Snizek lgt. (LMBC).
 Diagnosis: Paratelius snizeki n. sp. is similar to P. emasensis n. sp. in the testaceous to reddish brown coloration of the cranium and pronotum. These species differ in the shape of antennomeres, which are more robust and acutely serrate in P.snizeki. Male genitalia differ in the relatively shorter phallus of P. snizeki (Figs 1 A-B and 1C-D).
 Description: Male. Body small, moderately slender; head, thorax, elytra reddish brown; abdomen dark brown; eyes black; antennae, mouth parts and legs brown. Head small, hypognathous; eyes small, hemispherically prominent; frontal interocular distance 3.04 times maximum eye diameter. Antennae slender, flattened, surpassing by 3 antennomeres apex of elytra. Antennomeres 3–11 gradually more slender; apical antennomere eliptical. Elytra slender, 3.69 times longer than width at humeri, parallel-sided, with four well developed primary costae, covered with dense brown pubescence. Legs moderately long, slender, flattened, densely pubescent. Male genitalia trilobate; phallus very long, slightly turned upwards; parameres short, reaching one fifth of phallic length; phallobase small and subtle (Figs 1 A-B).
 Measurements: BL 5.8 mm, PW 1.0 mm, PL 0.8 mm, WH 1.3 mm, Edist 0.64 mm, Ediam 0.21 mm.
 Distribution: Malaysia: Sabah.
 Etymology: The specific epithet is a patronym in honor of M. Snizek, the collector of the type specimen.
description: Published as part of Malohlava, Vladimír & Bocak, Ladislav, 2009, A revision of Paratelius Kazantsev, 1992 (Coleoptera: Lycidae), pp. 44-50 in Zootaxa 2306 (1) on pages 48-49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2306.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/5304869
The International Association of Agricultural Economists 1929 to 1969: The Growth of an International Fraternity of Scientists
Creators: name: Rolfes, Max
name: Rolfes, Max
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1970
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: With a preface by Leonard K. Elmhirst. Reprinted for IAAE from Zeitschrift fur auslandische Landwirtschaft, V.9(2), June 1970.
The Anglo-American Relationship: Race and the Perception of German Threat 1890-1910
Creators: name: Sharath, Arjun
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Race
Geopolitics
Anglo-American Relations
Special Relationship
Rapprochement
Theodore Roosevelt
Teutonism
Anglo-Saxonism
Migration
Immigration
Empire
Colonialism
International Relations

description: This dissertation set out to examine whether a relationship existed between ideas of race and great power politics, specifically as it influenced the perceptions of key American and British political leaders towards each other and Germany, during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It examines private correspondence, key public statements, and contemporary publications, analyzing where theories and fears regarding race influenced the thinking of key individuals during critical international incidents. The dissertation uses a model to conceptualize race as seen by contemporary leaders that incorporates both biological and cultural elements. From here, it furthermore proposes that it is indeed possible to identify at least certain key moments when breaks occurred between Anglo-Saxon and a broader conceptualization of Teuton to political leaders. It first examines contemporary thought on race as seen by these leaders, looks at specific crises in the Americas, Africa, and Asia, and concludes with an analysis of how race impacted views on contemporary immigration to the United States and the process of amalgamation between races. Moreover, it reveals that the weighting of the cultural and biological elements shifted, moving from viewing race as Anglo-Saxon to the paradigm of the English-speaking races. The dissertation highlights that especially during the Presidency of Theodore Roosevelt, race indeed increasingly influenced the thinking of the United States and Britain with respect to foreign policy, especially through concerns of migration and settlement, and created a perception of seemingly disproportionate threat from Germany. In doing so, the United States and settler colonies became of paramount importance in this rivalry with Germany, in part due to their ability to turn migrants from Europe into members of the English-speaking race.