Sternaulopius macrophthalmos Sheng & Wu & Achterberg & Chen 2019, sp. n.
Creators: name: Sheng, Ying-Yi
name: Wu, Qiong
name: Achterberg, Cornelis Van
name: Chen, Xue-Xin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Sternaulopius
Sternaulopius macrophthalmos

description: Sternaulopius macrophthalmos Sheng & Chen sp. n.
Type material. Holotype, ♀ (NWUX), “SW. China: Sichuan, Liziping Ya’an, 1805 m, N29.11° E102.34°, 21. VII.2016, swept, Tong Zhou”. Paratype: 1³ (ZJUH), “NE. China: Jilin, Dongliao, 23–31. VII.1988, Xiaoming Lou, No. 888185”.
Description. FAMALE. Holotype. Length. Body 2.5 mm, of fore wing 2.5 mm.
Head. Antenna broken, with at least 24 segments (Fig. 23), third segment 1.2× as long as fourth segment, length of third and fourth segments 2.5 and 2.2× their width (Fig. 32); length of maxillary palp 0.9× height of head (Fig. 23); length of eye in dorsal view 2.8× temple; frons slightly depressed behind antennal socket, entirely smooth, glabrous and shiny; temple, vertex and stemmaticum shiny, smooth, and with sparse setae; OOL: diameter of ocellus: POL= 12:7:8 (Fig. 34); occipital carina absent dorsally, somewhat protruding and with slightly crenulate in lateral view, moderately far from hypostomal carina; hypostomal carina narrow, protruding downwards (Fig.35); face densely punctate, densely sculptured near margin of eyes and sparsely setose; labrum glabrous and smooth, slightly depressed; clypeus transverse, slightly punctate, convex, and its ventral margin truncate; width of clypeus 1.8× its maximum height and 0.5× width of face; hypoclypeal depression moderate; mandible twisted, apically gradually narrowed and with second teeth much smaller than first tooth; malar suture sculptured and slightly curved; malar space slightly shorter than basal width of mandible (Fig. 33).
Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.4× its height; dorsal pronope small and round (Fig. 29); pronotal side largely transversely sculptured medially, smooth anteriorly and dorsally; propleuron smooth, sculptured and depressed ventro-posteriorly; epicnemial area entirely crenulate; both precoxal sulcus and sternaulus present on mesopleuron, precoxal sulcus widely strong crenulated and distinctly impressed, absent ventro-posteriorly, connected with anterior sculpture of mesopleuron; sternaulus slightly curved, strongly crenulate and absent posteriorly; remainder of mesopleuron smooth and shiny, sparsely setose antero-dorsally and postero-ventrally; pleural sulcus distinctly crenulate; mesosternum sparsely setose (Fig. 29); mesosternal sulcus deep, medium-sized and crenulate; postpectal carina present but only medially (Fig. 24); anterior groove of metapleuron densely crenulate ventrally, posterior margin of metapleuron crenulate medially, metapleuron sculptured ventrally and smooth medially (Fig. 29); mesoscutum very shiny, smooth and sparsely setose; notauli depressed, crenulate and elongates until half of mesoscutum, absent posteriorly; medio-posterior depression of mesoscutum relatively big, round and shallow; scutellar sulcus wide, deep and with 4 long, parallel-sided crenulate; scutellum flattened and smooth, not convex (Fig. 30); lateral axillar lamella narrow; propodeum with a short medio-longitudinal carina and two oblique transverse carinae medially, surface of propodeum coarsely reticulate-rugose, with several short longitudinal carinae and posteriorly bordered by curved carina (Figs 29–31).
Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma near triangular; 1-R1 ending at wing apex and 1.2× as long as pterostigma; r long and linear with 3-SR with obtuse angle; r-m not tubular; r:3-SR:SR1= 9:33:57; 2-SR:3-SR:r-m= 24:33:12; 1- M distinctly curved, 1-SR 0.5× longer than 1-M; SR1 nearly straight; m-cu distinctly postfurcal and straight; cu-a postfurcal, 1-CU1 widened; 1-CU1:2-CU1 = 1:10; 2-CU1: m-cu=20:13; first subdiscal cell closed; CU1b mediumsized; M+CU1 sclerotized (Fig. 27). Hind wing: 1-M of hind wing straight, resulting in subparallel-sided cell apically; M+CU:1-M:1r-m = 37:27:17; m-cu slightly sclerotized; cu-a straight; SR absent (Fig. 28).
Legs. Length of femur, tibia and basitarsus of hind leg 4.8, 7.6 and 3.2× as long as width, respectively (Fig. 36); femur moderately setose, tarsus and tibia densely setose.
Metasoma. Length of first tergite 1.1× its apical width, convex and largely longitudinally costate-striate, dorsal carinae strong basally and reaching apex of tergite (Fig. 31); dorsope slightly impressed; second suture almost invisible; basal depressions of second tergite shallow and second tergite 0.9× as long as third tergite; second and following tergites smooth, shiny; third tergite convex in lateral view (Fig. 25); combined length of second and third metasomal tergites 0.5× total length of metasoma; hypopygium membranous medially (but with two elongate sclerites submedially) and posteriorly, with its posterior margin near straight (Fig. 26); length of setose part of ovipositor sheath 0.5× first tergite (Fig. 26).
Colour. Black; head (except mandible), mesosoma, first tergite, third tergite posteriorly to sixth tergite black; mandible, second tergite posteriorly brown; second tergite anteriorly yellow.
MALE. Length of fore wing 2.4 mm; length of third and fourth segments 3.5 and 3.0× their width, length of eye in dorsal view 1.7× temple; OOL: diameter of ocellus: POL= 17:7:12; width of clypeus 2.3× its maximum height; dorsal pronope absent; length of hind femur and basitarsus 4× and 4.5× its width; length of first tergite 1.7× its apical width.
Distribution. China (Oriental: Sichuan, Palaearctic: Jilin).
Biology. Unknown.
Etymology. Name is derived from “macro” (Greek for “big”) and “ophthaloms” (Greek for “eye”) because of the rather long eye (nearly 3× as long as temple in dorsal view).
Comments. The hypopygium of the female is typical for the genus because of its membranous parts; third tergite convex in lateral view; postpectal carina present but only medially so; occipital carina absent dorsally, somewhat protruding and with slight crenulae in lateral view; precoxal sulcus wide and strongly crenulate and distinctly impressed, absent posteriorly, widely connected with anterior sculpture of mesopleuron; sternaulus slightly curved, strongly crenulate and absent posteriorly.
The new species differs from S. duplicatus Wharton, 2006, by having a medium-sized hypoclypeal depression (absent in S. duplicatus), mesoscutum very shiny, smooth and sparsely setose (more densely setose); precoxal sulcus and sternaulus separate posteriorly (slightly converging posteriorly). The new species differs from S. bisternaulicus Fischer, 1965 by having length of eye in dorsal view 2.8× temple (1.1× in S. bisternaulicus), mesoscutum very shiny, smooth and sparsely setose (densely covered with setae), vein 1-SR+M of fore wing slightly curved (straight), and vein 2-SR+M of fore wing rather short.
description: Published as part of Sheng, Ying-Yi, Wu, Qiong, Achterberg, Cornelis Van & Chen, Xue-Xin, 2019, Three newly recorded genera from China (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Opiinae) with the notes on the genus Neopius and descriptions of three new species, pp. 588-600 in Zootaxa 4604 (3) on pages 595-598, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4604.3.13, http://zenodo.org/record/2839455