cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Scalable Byzantine Consensus via Hardware-assisted Secret Sharing
Creators: name: Liu, Jian
name: Li, Wenting
name: Karame, Ghassan O.
name: Asokan, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The surging interest in blockchain technology has revitalized the search for effective Byzantine consensus schemes. In particular, the blockchain community has been looking for ways to effectively integrate traditional Byzantine fault-tolerant (BFT) protocols into a blockchain consensus layer allowing various financial institutions to securely agree on the order of transactions. However, existing BFT protocols can only scale to tens of nodes due to their $O(n^2)$ message complexity. In this paper, we propose FastBFT, a fast and scalable BFT protocol. At the heart of FastBFT is a novel message aggregation technique that combines hardware-based trusted execution environments (TEEs) with lightweight secret sharing primitives. Combining this technique with several other optimizations (i.e., optimistic execution, tree topology and failure detection), FastBFT achieves low latency and high throughput even for large scale networks. Via systematic analysis and experiments, we demonstrate that FastBFT has better scalability and performance than previous BFT protocols.
description: This paper will be published in IEEE Transactions on Computers
Voluntarily and Involuntarily Immobile Farmers under the Impacts of Climate Crisis in Turkey
Creators: name: Gören, Hacer
Publisher: name: Eurac Research
Year: 2023

description: To move or not to move? I seek to answer this question among farmers from three rural areas of Turkey who face manifold climatic and non-climatic challenges, which include drought, seasonal shifts, frost, hail, storms, climbing input prices, and market fluctuations. Farmers' answers diverge regarding moving or not. There are those willingly immobile and those unwillingly immobile.
Associations between WASH-related violence and depressive symptoms in adolescent girls and young women in South Africa (HPTN 068): a cross-sectional analysis
Creators: name: Neilands, Torsten B
name: Wagner, Ryan G
name: Pettifor, Audrey
name: Twine, Rhian
name: Lippman, Sheri A
name: Jayaweera, Ruvani T
name: Goin, Dana
name: Kahn, Kathleen
name: Ahern, Jennifer
Publisher: name: BMJ
Year: 2022

description: OBJECTIVE: There is a lack of research on experiences of WASH-related violence. This study aims to quantify the association between experience or worry of violence when using the toilet or collecting water and depressive symptoms among a cohort of young women in South Africa.
METHODS: Data are from visit 3 of the HPTN 068 cohort of adolescent girls in rural Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. Participants (n=1798) included in this analysis were aged 13-21 at baseline. Lifetime experience of violence or fear of violence when using the toilet and collecting water was collected by self-report; depressive symptoms in the past week were measured using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). We used G-computation to calculate the prevalence difference (PD) and prevalence ratio of depression (CES-D score >15) associated with each domain of violence, controlling for baseline covariates.
FINDINGS: A total of 15.1% of respondents reported experiencing violence when using the toilet; 17.1% reported experiencing violence when collecting water and 26.7% reported depression. In adjusted models, those who reported experiencing violence when using the toilet had an 18.1% higher prevalence of depression (95% CI: 11.6% to 24.4%) than those who did not experience violence when using the toilet. Adjusted prevalence of depression was also higher among those who reported violence when collecting water (PD 11.9%, 95% CI: 6.7% to 17.2%), and who worried about violence when using the toilet (PD 12.8%, 95% CI: 7.9% to 19.8%), as compared with those who did not report these experiences. Worrying about violence when collecting water was not associated with depression after adjusting for covariates.
CONCLUSION: Experience of WASH-related violence is common among young women in rural South Africa, and experience or worry of experiencing violence is associated with higher prevalence of depressive symptoms.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT01233531; Post-results.
(500479) John Patten
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Model Predictive Control of Wind Turbines with Piecewise-Affine Power Coefficient Approximation
Creators: name: Sterle, Arnold
name: Grapentin, Aaron
name: Hans, Christian A.
name: Raisch, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, an offset-free bilinear model predictive control approach for wind turbines is presented. State-of-the-art controllers employ different control loops for pitch angle and generator torque which switch depending on wind conditions. In contrast, the presented controller is based on one unified control law that works for all wind conditions. The inherent nonlinearity of wind turbines is addressed through a piecewise-affine approximation of the power coefficient, which is modelled in a mixed-integer fashion. The presented controller is compared to a state-of-the-art baseline controller in a numerical case study using OpenFAST. Simulation results show that the presented controller ensures accurate reference power tracking. Additionally, damage equivalent loads are reduced for higher wind speeds.
title: Redeeming ‘slippery’ meaning from the gap between the present and past : exploring visual art processes and visual representation
Creators: name: Lee, EKJ
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2018

description: This study identifies and then investigates processes intrinsic to artworks that interrogate similarity and difference as situated within different assemblages of materials in artistic space. The impetus for this investigation emerged from an opportunity identified within the existing field of knowledge to redeem slippery meaning from the transitory space between two and three-dimensional forms. In doing so, the investigation demonstrates and makes explicit the significance of process and how it is integral to assembling meaning. This research explicates my current practices in relational concept and form with previous approaches to art-making, exploring art practices of other artists and published writings by Walter Benjamin, Georges Bataille and Gilles Deleuze. The research considers an artistic position that does not differentiate between sketches, painting, montage and assemblage. In doing so, the investigation explores issues such as ‘formlessness’ in the context of transposition, and slippage in relation to porosity within the procedural application of transparent polymer for three-dimensional painting. The main outcome of this research is the formation of a physically distinctive artistic perception and art practice, emerging in process through layers of transparency to blur the distinction between two- and three-dimensional forms. The research explores by critical examination creative practice as a layered differentiation, adopting an entanglement of creative approaches that challenges the threshold between two- and three-dimensional materials and approaches. In my practice-led research the redemption of slippage and the investigation of the layered space between various materials, positions us to make complex visual renderings of the value between two and three-dimensional data. The research outcome produced reflects the diversity and connectivity that is created when layers impact, entangle and dissect.
Stress and heat flux via automatic differentiation
Creators: name: Langer, Marcel F.
name: Frank, J. Thorben
name: Knoop, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine-learning potentials provide computationally efficient and accurate approximations of the Born-Oppenheimer potential energy surface. This potential determines many materials properties and simulation techniques usually require its gradients, in particular forces and stress for molecular dynamics, and heat flux for thermal transport properties. Recently developed potentials feature high body order and can include equivariant semi-local interactions through message-passing mechanisms. Due to their complex functional forms, they rely on automatic differentiation (AD), overcoming the need for manual implementations or finite-difference schemes to evaluate gradients. This study demonstrates a unified AD approach to obtain forces, stress, and heat flux for such potentials, and provides a model-independent implementation. The method is tested on the Lennard-Jones potential, and then applied to predict cohesive properties and thermal conductivity of tin selenide using an equivariant message-passing neural network potential.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, 6 tables, excluding supplement (3 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables). Additional information at https://marcel.science/glp
Two-terminal transport along a proximity induced superconducting quantum Hall edge
Creators: name: Gamayun, Oleksandr
name: Hutasoit, Jimmy A.
name: Cheianov, Vadim V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study electric transport along an integer quantum Hall edge where the proximity effect is induced due to a coupling to a superconductor. Such an edge exhibits two Majorana-Weyl fermions with different group velocities set by the induced superconducting pairing. We show that this structure of the spectrum results in interference fringes that can be observed in both the two-terminal conductance and shot noise. We develop a complete analytical theory of such fringes for an arbitrary smooth profile of the induced pairing.
description: 5+1 pages, 2 figures
Fabrication of bulk delta-phase Zirconium Hydride from Zircaloy-4 for use as moderators in microreactors
Creators: name: Parkison, D.
name: Tunes, M. A.
name: Nizolek, T. J.
name: Saleh, T. A.
name: Hosemann, P.
name: Kohnert, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fabrication of bulk delta-phase Zirconium Hydride ($δ$-ZrH) using Zircaloy-4 as a precursor is herein reported. Characterization using electron-microscopy methods indicate that the fabricated material is of a single-phase. Sn-rich segregation zones have been observed to form as a direct result of the hydriding process. These findings experimentally validate previous \textit{ab initio} calculations on the influence H incorporation in Zircaloy-4 constitutional elements such as Sn, Fe and Cr. The effect of hydriding and Sn segregation on pre-existing Zr(Fe,Cr)$_{2}$ Laves phases is also evaluated. Major implications on the development of moderators for use in microreactors within the nuclear industry are discussed.
(500478) Court D'Ewes Granville
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The nil-Brauer category
Creators: name: Brundan, Jonathan
name: Wang, Weiqiang
name: Webster, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B10

description: We introduce the nil-Brauer category and prove a basis theorem for its morphism spaces. This basis theorem is an essential ingredient required to prove that nil-Brauer categorifies the split $\imath$-quantum group of rank one. As this $\imath$-quantum group is a basic building block for $\imath$-quantum groups of higher rank, we expect that the nil-Brauer category will play a role in future developments related to the categorification of quantum symmetric pairs.
description: v2: minor corrections
Particle velocity based hydrofracturing algorithm for a penny-shaped crack
Creators: name: Peck, Daniel
name: Wrobel, Michel
name: Perkowska, Monika
name: Mishuris, Gennady
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 86-08, 74F10, 74R10, 76D08

description: A universal particle velocity based algorithm for simulating hydraulic fracture with leak-off, previously demonstrated for the PKN and KGD models, is extended to obtain solutions for a penny-shaped crack. The numerical scheme is capable of dealing with both the viscosity and toughness dominated regimes, with the fracture being driven by a power-law fluid. The computational approach utilizes two dependent variables; the fracture aperture and the reduced particle velocity. The latter allows for the application of a local condition of the Stefan type (the speed equation) to trace the fracture front. The obtained numerical solutions are carefully tested using various methods, and are shown to achieve a high level of accuracy. Simple, accurate, semi-analytical approximations of the solution are provided for the zero leak-off case. A comparison with other results available in the literature is undertaken.
description: 47 pages, 18 Figures, 12 Tables
A small cusped hyperbolic 4-manifold
Creators: name: Riolo, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: By gluing some copies of a polytope of Kerckhoff and Storm's, we build the smallest known orientable hyperbolic 4-manifold that is not commensurable with the ideal 24-cell or the ideal rectified simplex. It is cusped and arithemtic, and has twice the minimal volume.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Final version, to appear in the Bulletin LMS
(500480) Alexander McLeish
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Robust Tensor CUR Decompositions: Rapid Low-Tucker-Rank Tensor Recovery with Sparse Corruption
Creators: name: Cai, HanQin
name: Chao, Zehan
name: Huang, Longxiu
name: Needell, Deanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68p20, 68W20, 68W25, 68Q25, 65F30

description: We study the tensor robust principal component analysis (TRPCA) problem, a tensorial extension of matrix robust principal component analysis (RPCA), that aims to split the given tensor into an underlying low-rank component and a sparse outlier component. This work proposes a fast algorithm, called Robust Tensor CUR Decompositions (RTCUR), for large-scale non-convex TRPCA problems under the Tucker rank setting. RTCUR is developed within a framework of alternating projections that projects between the set of low-rank tensors and the set of sparse tensors. We utilize the recently developed tensor CUR decomposition to substantially reduce the computational complexity in each projection. In addition, we develop four variants of RTCUR for different application settings. We demonstrate the effectiveness and computational advantages of RTCUR against state-of-the-art methods on both synthetic and real-world datasets.
Twisted statistics and the structure of Lie-deformed Minkowski spaces
Creators: name: Meljanac, Daniel
name: Meljanac, Stjepan
name: Pikutić, Danijel
name: Gupta, Kumar S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the realizations of noncommutative coordinates that are linear in the Lorentz generators form a closed Lie algebra under certain conditions. The star product and the coproduct for the momentum generators are obtained for these Lie algebras and the corresponding twist satisfies the cocycle and normalization conditions. We also obtain the twisted flip operator and the $\mathcal R$-matrix that define the statistics of particles or quantum fields propagating in these noncommutative spacetimes. The Lie algebra obtained in this work contains a special case which has been used in the literature to put bounds on noncommutative parameters from the experimental limits on Pauli forbidden transitions. The general covariant framework presented here is suitable for analyzing the properties of particles or quantum fields at the Planck scale.
description: 6 pages; version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
A polynomial time algorithm for the Lambek calculus with brackets of bounded order
Creators: name: Kanovich, Max
name: Kuznetsov, Stepan
name: Morrill, Glyn
name: Scedrov, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Lambek calculus is a logical foundation of categorial grammar, a linguistic paradigm of grammar as logic and parsing as deduction. Pentus (2010) gave a polynomial-time algorithm for determ- ining provability of bounded depth formulas in the Lambek calculus with empty antecedents allowed. Pentus' algorithm is based on tabularisation of proof nets. Lambek calculus with brackets is a conservative extension of Lambek calculus with bracket modalities, suitable for the modeling of syntactical domains. In this paper we give an algorithm for provability the Lambek calculus with brackets allowing empty antecedents. Our algorithm runs in polynomial time when both the formula depth and the bracket nesting depth are bounded. It combines a Pentus-style tabularisation of proof nets with an automata-theoretic treatment of bracketing.
Effect of matter geometry on low angular momentum black hole accretion in the Kerr metric
Creators: name: Tarafdar, Pratik
name: Ananda, Deepika B.
name: Nag, Sankhashubhra
name: Das, Tapas K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work illustrates how the formation of energy-preserving shocks for polytropic accretion and temperature-preserving shocks for isothermal accretion are influenced by various geometrical configurations of general relativistic, axisymmetric, low-angular-momentum flow in the Kerr metric. Relevant pre- and post-shock states of the accreting fluid, both dynamical and thermodynamic, have been studied comprehensively. Self-gravitational back-reaction on the metric has not been considered in the present context. An elegant eigenvalue-based analytical method has been introduced to provide qualitative descriptions of the phase-orbits corresponding to stationary transonic accretion solutions, without resorting to involved numerical schemes. Effort has been made to understand how the weakly-rotating flow behaves in close proximity of the event horizon and how such `quasi-terminal' quantities are influenced by the black hole spin for different matter geometries. Our main purpose is thus to mathematically demonstrate that for non-self-gravitating accretion, separate matter geometries, in addition to the corresponding space-time geometry, control various shock-induced phenomena observed within black hole accretion discs. This work is expected to reveal how such phenomena observed near the horizon depend on physical environment of the source harbouring a supermassive black hole at its centre. It is also expected to unfold correspondences between the dependence of accretion-related parameters on flow geometries and on black hole spin. Temperature-preserving shocks in isothermal accretion may appear bright as substantial amount of rest-mass energy of the infalling matter gets dissipated at the shock surface, and the prompt removal of such energy to maintain isothermality may power the X-ray/IR flares emitted from our Galactic centre.
description: 50 pages, 24 figures. Title has been modified. Section pertaining to powering of flares through energy dissipation at shock for isothermal flows, has been included. New figures have been added. Some previous figures and sections have been modified
Automatic sequences and generalised polynomials
Creators: name: Byszewski, Jakub
name: Konieczny, Jakub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Primary: 11B85, 37A45. Secondary: 37B05, 37B10, 11J71, 11B37, 05C20

description: We conjecture that bounded generalised polynomial functions cannot be generated by finite automata, except for the trivial case when they are ultimately periodic. Using methods from ergodic theory, we are able to partially resolve this conjecture, proving that any hypothetical counterexample is periodic away from a very sparse and structured set. In particular, we show that for a polynomial $p(n)$ with at least one irrational coefficient (except for the constant one) and integer $m\geq 2$, the sequence $\lfloor p(n) \rfloor \bmod{m}$ is never automatic. We also prove that the conjecture is equivalent to the claim that the set of powers of an integer $k\geq 2$ is not given by a generalised polynomial.
description: 29 pages, upgraded presentation and references to existing literature, an extended version of the second half of arxiv:1610.03900 [math.NT]
Impurity-Induced Environmental Quantum Phase Transitions in the Quadratic-Coupling Spin-Boson Model
Creators: name: Zheng, Da-Chuan
name: Wan, Li
name: Tong, Ning-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the zero temperature properties of the sub-Ohmic spin-boson model with quadratic spin-boson coupling. This model describes experimental set ups at the optimal working point where the linear-coupling between the qubit (spin) and the environmental noise (bosons) is zero and the leading coupling is quadratic. In the strong coupling regime, we find that the existence of spin induces quantum phase transitions (QPTs) between two states of environment: the normal state and a state with local distortions. The phase diagram contains both continuous and the first-order QPTs, with non-trivial critical properties obtained exactly. At the QPTs, the equilibrium state spin dynamics bears power-law $ω$ dependence in the small frequency limit and a robust coherent Rabi oscillation at high frequency. We discuss the feasibility of observing such environmental QPTs in the qubit-related experiments.
description: 15 pages, 15 figures, published version
de Sitter versus anti-de Sitter in Horndeski-like gravity
Creators: name: Santos, Fabiano F.
name: Pourhassan, Behnam
name: Saridakis, Emmanuel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present general solutions of Horndeski-like gravity that can interpolate between the de Sitter and anti-de Sitter regimes. In particular, we develop the first-order formalism with two scalar fields, and considering a black hole ansatz with flat slicing we investigate three different cases, namely exponential, vacuum, and smooth superpotential solutions, with no Minkowski extrema. Furthermore, with these solutions we show that a Renormalization Group flow is established, and we obtain a turnaround in the warp factor, where the transition is bounded by the area low. We discuss the ideal regimes to trap gravity, which are constructed using the holographic function, which provides stable and unstable regimes to localize gravity. Finally, we show that no ghost appear and that the matter sector that violates the $c$-theorem is physical.
description: 32 pages, 15 figures
Maximum-Area Triangle in a Convex Polygon, Revisited
Creators: name: Keikha, Vahideh
name: Löffler, Maarten
name: Mohades, Ali
name: Urhausen, Jérôme
name: van der Hoog, Ivor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We revisit the following problem: Given a convex polygon $P$, find the largest-area inscribed triangle. We show by example that the linear-time algorithm presented in 1979 by Dobkin and Snyder for solving this problem fails. We then proceed to show that with a small adaptation, their approach does lead to a quadratic-time algorithm. We also present a more involved $O(n\log n)$ time divide-and-conquer algorithm. Also we show by example that the algorithm presented in 1979 by Dobkin and Snyder for finding the largest-area $k$-gon that is inscribed in a convex polygon fails to find the optimal solution for $k=4$. Finally, we discuss the implications of our discoveries on the literature.
Relation between circular photon orbits and the stability of wormholes with the thin shell of a barotropic fluid
Creators: name: Tsukamoto, Naoki
name: Kokubu, Takafumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We cut a general, static, spherically symmetric spacetime and paste its copy to make a wormhole with a thin shell of any barotropic fluid in general relativity. We show that the stability of the thin-shell wormhole is characterized by a set of circular photon orbits called an (anti)photon sphere in the original spacetime if a momentum flux passing through a throat is prohibited. Our result will be useful to classify the stability of the thin shell on the throat against linearized spherically symmetric perturbations.
description: 8 papes, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Universality of Power-of-$d$ Load Balancing in Many-Server Systems
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Debankur
name: Borst, Sem C.
name: van Leeuwaarden, Johan S. H.
name: Whiting, Philip A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a system of $N$ parallel single-server queues with unit exponential service rates and a single dispatcher where tasks arrive as a Poisson process of rate $λ(N)$. When a task arrives, the dispatcher assigns it to a server with the shortest queue among $d(N)$ randomly selected servers ($1 \leq d(N) \leq N$). This load balancing strategy is referred to as a JSQ($d(N)$) scheme, marking that it subsumes the celebrated Join-the-Shortest Queue (JSQ) policy as a crucial special case for $d(N) = N$. We construct a stochastic coupling to bound the difference in the queue length processes between the JSQ policy and a scheme with an arbitrary value of $d(N)$. We use the coupling to derive the fluid limit in the regime where $λ(N) / N \to λ< 1$ as $N \to \infty$ with $d(N) \to\infty$, along with the associated fixed point. The fluid limit turns out not to depend on the exact growth rate of $d(N)$, and in particular coincides with that for the JSQ policy. We further leverage the coupling to establish that the diffusion limit in the critical regime where $(N - λ(N)) / \sqrt{N} \to β> 0$ as $N \to \infty$ with $d(N)/(\sqrt{N} \log (N))\to\infty$ corresponds to that for the JSQ policy. These results indicate that the optimality of the JSQ policy can be preserved at the fluid-level and diffusion-level while reducing the overhead by nearly a factor O($N$) and O($\sqrt{N}/\log(N)$), respectively.
description: 39 pages, 2 figures, companion paper of arXiv:1612.00722
Cauchy dual and Wold-type decomposition for bi-regular covariant representations
Creators: name: Saini, Dimple
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L08 47A15 (Primary ) 47B38, 47L30, 47L55 (Secondary)

description: The notion of Cauchy dual for left-invertible covariant representations was studied by Trivedi and Veerabathiran. Using the Moore-Penrose inverse, we extend this notion for the covariant representations having closed range and explore several useful properties. We obtain a Wold-type decomposition for {regular} completely bounded covariant representation whose Moore-Penrose inverse is regular. Also, we discuss an example related to the non-commutative bilateral weighted shift. We prove that the Cauchy dual of the concave covariant representation $(σ, V)$ modulo $N(\wV)$ is hyponormal modulo $N(\wV)$.
description: 21 pages
(500481) Patrick Venus
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Optical coherence of $^{166}$Er:$^{7}$LiYF$_4$ crystal below 1 Kelvin
Creators: name: Kukharchyk, Nadezhda
name: Sholokhov, Dmitriy
name: Korableva, Stella L.
name: Kalachev, Alexey A.
name: Bushev, Pavel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore spin dynamics of isotopically purified $^{166}$Er:$^{7}$LiYF$_4$ crystal below 1 Kelvin and at weak magnetic fields $1.5$ K and time scales of $μ$s, spin coherence of Er:LYF crystal appears only at magnetic fields above 1 Tesla. In the present work, we demonstrate spin coherence of Er:LYF crystals at the field range compatible with ZEFOZ transitions of $^{167}$Er isotope and with working conditions of superconducting quantum circuits.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Measurement as the Basis of Waves and Matter: A Higgs-Zeno Perspective
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Dristi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Measurement is often treated as a passive act in quantum mechanics, but we propose that mea- surement **actively constructs reality** by defining wave-particle interactions, energy distributions, and spacetime evolution. Using the Higgs-Zeno framework, we suggest that **wave function be- havior is fundamentally dictated by measurement frequency**, introducing a physical basis for quantum-to-classical transition and matter-wave duality. We refine our understanding of quantum measurement effects by incorporating: • **Measurement frequency as a determinant of wave properties**: The measurement operator modifies wave evolution, linking measurement to renormalization scaling. • **Matter formation as a high-frequency measurement residue**: Low-frequency measurement maintains wave behavior, while high-frequency measurement induces classical states. • **Experimental verification through condensed matter physics and quantum optics**: Quantum Hall sys- tems and Bose-Einstein condensates provide potential empirical validation. • **Decay Rate Suppression by Measurement Frequency**: Simulations analyze the relationship between frequent measurement and the longevity of quantum states. • **Quantum Tunneling and Wave Emergence**: Measurement acts as a regulator for tunneling probabilities and the creation of stable wave structures. • **Spacetime Emergence through Measurement Metrics**: A connection between Higgs-Zeno interactions and quantum gravity. These findings redefine quantum measurement as a fundamental process shaping physical reality beyond the standard observer paradigm.
Measurement as the Basis of Waves and Matter: A Higgs-Zeno Perspective
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Dristi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Measurement is often treated as a passive act in quantum mechanics, but we propose that measurement **actively constructs reality** by defining wave-particle interactions, energy distributions,and spacetime evolution. Using the Higgs-Zeno framework, we suggest that **wave function behavior is fundamentally dictated by measurement frequency**, introducing a physical basis forquantum-to-classical transition and matter-wave duality.We refine our understanding of quantum measurement effects by incorporating:• **Measurement frequency as a determinant of wave properties**: The measurement operator modifies waveevolution, linking measurement to renormalization scaling.• **Matter formation as a function of measurement frequency**: Low-frequency measurement stabilizesstates into classical matter, while high-frequency measurement prevents localization, allowing for wave-likebehavior such as photons.• **Experimental verification through condensed matter physics and quantum optics**: Quantum Hall systems and Bose-Einstein condensates provide potential empirical validation.• **Decay Rate Suppression by Measurement Frequency**: Simulations analyze the relationship betweenfrequent measurement and the longevity of quantum states.• **Quantum Tunneling and Wave Emergence**: Measurement acts as a regulator for tunneling probabilitiesand the creation of stable wave structures.• **Spacetime Emergence through Measurement Metrics**: A connection between Higgs-Zeno interactionsand quantum gravity.These findings redefine quantum measurement as a fundamental process shaping physical realitybeyond the standard observer paradigm.
The complete chloroplast genome of Flemingia stricta Roxb. ex Ait. 1812 (Phaseoleae, Fabaceae)
Creators: name: Cai, Yisha
name: Chen, Haimei
name: Zhang, Jinghong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Flemingia stricta Roxb. ex Ait. 1812 belongs to the Phaseoleae tribe within the Fabaceae family and has significant pharmaceutical value. In this study, we reported the complete chloroplast genome of F. stricta using the Illumina DNA sequencing data. The chloroplast genome was 152,940 bp and encoded 111 unique genes, including 77 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 30 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 4 ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes. The phylogenetic analysis confirmed that F. stricta was closely related to Flemingia prostrata and Flemingia macrophylla. The chloroplast genome of F. stricta could provide critical information for the molecular breeding of F. stricta and be used as a reference genome for other species of Phaseoleae.
Learning Sequence Descriptor based on Spatio-Temporal Attention for Visual Place Recognition
Creators: name: Zhao, Junqiao
name: Zhang, Fenglin
name: Cai, Yingfeng
name: Tian, Gengxuan
name: Mu, Wenjie
name: Ye, Chen
name: Feng, Tiantian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Visual Place Recognition (VPR) aims to retrieve frames from a geotagged database that are located at the same place as the query frame. To improve the robustness of VPR in perceptually aliasing scenarios, sequence-based VPR methods are proposed. These methods are either based on matching between frame sequences or extracting sequence descriptors for direct retrieval. However, the former is usually based on the assumption of constant velocity, which is difficult to hold in practice, and is computationally expensive and subject to sequence length. Although the latter overcomes these problems, existing sequence descriptors are constructed by aggregating features of multiple frames only, without interaction on temporal information, and thus cannot obtain descriptors with spatio-temporal discrimination.In this paper, we propose a sequence descriptor that effectively incorporates spatio-temporal information. Specifically, spatial attention within the same frame is utilized to learn spatial feature patterns, while attention in corresponding local regions of different frames is utilized to learn the persistence or change of features over time. We use a sliding window to control the temporal range of attention and use relative positional encoding to construct sequential relationships between different features. This allows our descriptors to capture the intrinsic dynamics in a sequence of frames.Comprehensive experiments on challenging benchmark datasets show that the proposed approach outperforms recent state-of-the-art methods.The code is available at https://github.com/tiev-tongji/Spatio-Temporal-SeqVPR.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, published to RA-L
(500482) Henry Gibb
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The complete chloroplast genome of Pyankovia brachiata (amaranthaceae), an annual desert plant in China
Creators: name: Liu, Huafeng
name: Xie, Kaiqing
name: Hua, Donglai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Pyankovia brachiata (Pall.) Akhani & Roalson 2007, is an annual plant belonging to the genus Pyankovia, family Amaranthaceae, which is widely distributed in the inland deserts of Northwest China. P. brachiata was previously categorized under the genus Salsola in Salsoleae and has been a long-standing topic of debate. Therefore, the complete chloroplast genome of P. brachiata must be studied to provide a theoretical reference for species classification. In this study, we sequenced P. brachiata samples and determined the species’ complete chloroplast genome. The complete chloroplast genome was 149,922 bp in length, with one large single copy (LSC: 83,565 bp), one small single copy (SSC: 18,535 bp), and two inverted repeat regions (IRa and IRb, 23,911 bp each). It contains 132 genes, including 87 protein-coding, eight rRNA, and 37 tRNA genes. The phylogenetic position showed that P. brachiata has the closest relationship with Caroxylon passerinum (accession number: NC057191.1). This study will provide genetic information and be beneficial to understanding the systematic position of P. brachiata within the Amaranthaceae.
Noncommutative Wilson lines in higher-spin theory and correlation functions of conserved currents for free conformal fields
Creators: name: Bonezzi, Roberto
name: Boulanger, Nicolas
name: De Filippi, David
name: Sundell, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We first prove that, in Vasiliev's theory, the zero-form charges studied in 1103.2360 and 1208.3880 are twisted open Wilson lines in the noncommutative $Z$ space. This is shown by mapping Vasiliev's higher-spin model on noncommutative Yang--Mills theory. We then prove that, prior to Bose-symmetrising, the cyclically-symmetric higher-spin invariants given by the leading order of these $n$-point zero-form charges are equal to corresponding cyclically-invariant building blocks of $n$-point correlation functions of bilinear operators in free conformal field theories (CFT) in three dimensions. On the higher spin gravity side, our computation reproduces the results of 1210.7963 using an alternative method amenable to the computation of subleading corrections obtained by perturbation theory in normal order. On the free CFT side, our proof involves the explicit computation of the separate cyclic building blocks of the correlation functions of $n$ conserved currents in arbitrary dimension $d>2$, using polarization vectors, which is an original result. It is shown to agree, for $d=3$, with the results obtained in 1301.3123 in various dimensions and where polarization spinors were used.
description: 1+42 pages, no figure
Measurement as the Basis of Waves and Matter: A Higgs-Zeno Perspective
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Dristi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Measurement is often treated as a passive act in quantum mechanics, but we propose that measurement **actively constructs reality** by defining wave-particle interactions, energy distributions,and spacetime evolution. Using the Higgs-Zeno framework derived from Lindblad dynamics, we establish:• **Measurement frequency dependence** of localization via quantum Zeno effect.• **Energy renormalization** from measurement-induced decoherence.• **Spacetime emergence** through measurement-regulated entanglement.• **Matter formation as a result of decreasing measurement frequency, leading to particle stabilization.**• **Field interactions as generators of measurement, defining wave structures and matter evolution.**• **Fibonacci-based measurement sequences governing wave-particle transitions and basis selection.**• **Correction of decay rate suppression to match power-law behavior observed in standard Zeno models.**• **Experimental validation** through quantum optics and condensed matter systems.• **Numerical verification** of measurement-induced wave-particle transition and energy scaling.**This work provides a mathematical derivation of all key results from first principles and integratesnumerical simulations to further validate the theoretical framework
(500483) James Burrell Smith
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
GraVAC: Adaptive Compression for Communication-Efficient Distributed DL Training
Creators: name: Tyagi, Sahil
name: Swany, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Distributed data-parallel (DDP) training improves overall application throughput as multiple devices train on a subset of data and aggregate updates to produce a globally shared model. The periodic synchronization at each iteration incurs considerable overhead, exacerbated by the increasing size and complexity of state-of-the-art neural networks. Although many gradient compression techniques propose to reduce communication cost, the ideal compression factor that leads to maximum speedup or minimum data exchange remains an open-ended problem since it varies with the quality of compression, model size and structure, hardware, network topology and bandwidth. We propose GraVAC, a framework to dynamically adjust compression factor throughout training by evaluating model progress and assessing gradient information loss associated with compression. GraVAC works in an online, black-box manner without any prior assumptions about a model or its hyperparameters, while achieving the same or better accuracy than dense SGD (i.e., no compression) in the same number of iterations/epochs. As opposed to using a static compression factor, GraVAC reduces end-to-end training time for ResNet101, VGG16 and LSTM by 4.32x, 1.95x and 6.67x respectively. Compared to other adaptive schemes, our framework provides 1.94x to 5.63x overall speedup.