cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Characterization and modeling of the barrier properties in nanostructured systems
Creators: name: Minelli, Matteo <1980>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: ING-IND/24 Principi di ingegneria chimica

description: The object of the present study is the process of gas transport in nano-sized materials, i.e. systems having structural elements of the order of nanometers. The aim of this work is to advance the understanding of the gas transport mechanism in such materials, for which traditional models are not often suitable, by providing a correct interpretation of the relationship between diffusive phenomena and structural features. This result would allow the development new materials with permeation properties tailored on the specific application, especially in packaging systems. The methods used to achieve this goal were a detailed experimental characterization and different simulation methods. 
The experimental campaign regarded the determination of oxygen permeability and diffusivity in different sets of organic-inorganic hybrid coatings prepared via sol-gel technique. The polymeric samples coated with these hybrid layers experienced a remarkable enhancement of the barrier properties, which was explained by the strong interconnection at the nano-scale between the organic moiety and silica domains. An analogous characterization was performed on microfibrillated cellulose films, which presented remarkable barrier effect toward oxygen when it is dry, while in the presence of water the performance significantly drops. The very low value of water diffusivity at low activities is also an interesting characteristic which deals with its structural properties.
Two different approaches of simulation were then considered: the diffusion of oxygen through polymer-layered silicates was modeled on a continuum scale with a CFD software, while the properties of n-alkanthiolate self assembled monolayers on gold were analyzed from a molecular point of view by means of a molecular dynamics algorithm.
Modeling transport properties in layered nanocomposites, resulting from the ordered dispersion of impermeable flakes in a 2-D matrix, allowed the calculation of the enhancement of barrier effect in relation with platelets structural parameters leading to derive a new expression. On this basis, randomly distributed systems were simulated and the results were analyzed to evaluate the different contributions to the overall effect. The study of more realistic three-dimensional geometries revealed a prefect correspondence with the 2-D approximation.
A completely different approach was applied to simulate the effect of temperature on the oxygen transport through self assembled monolayers; the structural information obtained from equilibrium MD simulations showed that raising the temperature, makes the monolayer less ordered and consequently less crystalline. This disorder produces a decrease in the barrier free energy and it lowers the overall resistance to oxygen diffusion, making the monolayer more permeable to small molecules.
Quantum Annealing of Hard Problems
Creators: name: Jorg, Thomas
name: Krzakala, Florent
name: Kurchan, Jorge
name: Maggs, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum annealing is analogous to simulated annealing with a tunneling mechanism substituting for thermal activation. Its performance has been tested in numerical simulation with mixed conclusions. There is a class of optimization problems for which the efficiency can be studied analytically using techniques based on the statistical mechanics of spin glasses.
description: Proceedings of the "YKIS 2009 : Frontiers in Nonequilibrium Physics" conference in Kyoto, August 2009. A shorter version can found in arXiv:0806.4144v3
Numerical models of trench migration for lateral heterogeneous subducting plates
Creators: name: Magni, Valentina <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: GEO/10 Geofisica della terra solida

description: The aim of this Thesis is to investigate the effect of heterogeneities within the subducting plate on the dynamics of subduction. In particular, I study the motion of the trench for oceanic and continental subduction, first, separately, and, then, together in the same system to understand how they interact. The understanding of these features is fundamental to reconstruct the evolution of complex subduction zones, such as the Central Mediterranean.
For this purpose, I developed 2D and 3D numerical models of oceanic and continental subduction where the rheological, geometrical and compositional properties of the plates are varied. In these models, the trench and the overriding plate move self-consistently as a function of the dynamics of the system.
The effect of continental subduction on trench migration is largely investigated. Results from a parametric study showed that despite different rheological properties of the plates, all models with a uniform continental crust share the same kinematic behaviour: the trench starts to advance once the continent arrives at the subduction zone. Hence, the advancing mode in continental collision scenarios is at least partly driven by an intrinsic feature of the system. Moreover, the presence of a weak lower crust within the continental plate can lead to the occurrence of delamination. Indeed, by changing the viscosity of the lower crust, both delamination and slab detachment can occur. Delamination is favoured by a low viscosity value of the lower crust, because this makes the mechanical decoupling easier between crust and lithospheric mantle. These features are observed both in 2D and 3D models, but the numerical results of the 3D models also showed that the rheology of the continental crust has a very strong effect on the dynamics of the whole system, since it influences not only the continental part of plate but also the oceanic sides.
High-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study of the electronic structure of EuFe2As2
Creators: name: Zhou, Bo
name: Zhang, Yan
name: Yang, Le-Xian
name: Xu, Min
name: He, Cheng
name: Chen, Fei
name: Zhao, Jia-Feng
name: Ou, Hong-Wei
name: Wei, Jia
name: Xie, Bin-Ping
name: Wu, Tao
name: Wu, Gang
name: Arita, Masashi
name: Shimada, Kenya
name: Namatame, Hirofumi
name: Taniguchi, Masaki
name: Chen, X. H.
name: Feng, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy studies of electronic structure of EuFe2As2. The paramagnetic state data are found to be consistent with density-functional calculations. In the antiferromagnetic ordering state of Fe, our results show that the band splitting, folding, and hybridization evolve with temperature, which cannot be explained by a simple folding picture. Detailed measurements reveal that a tiny electron Fermi pocket and a tiny hole pocket are formed near (pi,pi) in the (0,0)-(pi,pi) direction, which qualitatively agree with the results of quantum oscillations, considering kz variation of Fermi surface. Furthermore, no noticeable change within the energy resolution is observed across the antiferromagnetic transition of Eu2+ ordering, suggesting weak coupling between Eu sublattice and FeAs sublattice.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Rise and fall of plaquette order in Shastry-Sutherland magnet revealed by pseudo-fermion functional renormalization group
Creators: name: Keles, Ahmet
name: Zhao, Erhai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Shastry-Sutherland model as a canonical example of frustrated magnetism has been extensively studied. The conventional wisdom has been that the transition from the plaquette valence bond order to the Neel order is direct and potentially realizes a deconfined quantum critical point beyond the Ginzburg-Landau paradigm. This scenario however was challenged recently by improved numerics from density matrix renormalization group which offers evidence for a narrow gapless spin liquid between the two phases. Prompted by this controversy and to shed light on this intricate parameter regime from a fresh perspective, we report high-resolution functional renormalization group analysis of the generalized Shastry-Sutherland model. The flows of over 50 million running couplings provide a detailed picture for the evolution of spin correlations as the frequency/energy scale is dialed from the ultraviolet to the infrared to yield the zero temperature phase diagram. The singlet dimer phase emerges as a fixed point, the Neel order is characterized by divergence in the vertex function, while the transition into and out of the plaquette order is accompanied by pronounced peaks in the plaquette susceptibility. The plaquette order is suppressed before the onset of the Neel order, lending evidence for a finite spin liquid region for $J_1/J_2\in (0.77,0.82)$, where the flow is continuous without any indication of divergence.
description: 4+4 pages with supplementary materials
Additional file 2 of iGlioSub: an integrative transcriptomic and epigenomic classifier for glioblastoma molecular subtypes
Creators: name: Ensenyat-Mendez, Miquel
name: Íñiguez-Muñoz, Sandra
name: Sesé, Borja
name: Marzese, Diego M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Suppl Figure 2. t-SNE plots displaying the distribution of samples coming from different DNA methylation arrays and sources, before and after correction of batch effect. The batch effect was corrected using the ComBat function in the R/sva package.
2-torsion in the n-solvable filtration of the knot concordance group
Creators: name: Cochran, Tim D.
name: Harvey, Shelly
name: Leidy, Constance
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25 (Primary), 20J (Secondary)

description: In 1997 Cochran-Orr-Teichner introduced a natural filtration, called the n-solvable filtration, of the smooth knot concordance group, C. Its terms {F_n} are indexed by half integers. We show that each associated graded abelian group G_n=F_n/F_{n.5}, n>1, contains infinite linearly independent sets of elements of order 2 (this was known previously for n=0,1). Each of the representative knots is negative amphichiral, with vanishing s-invariant, tau-invariant, delta-invariants and Casson-Gordon invariants. Moreover each is smoothly slice in a rational homology 4-ball. In fact we show that there are many distinct such classes in G_n, distinguished by their classical Alexander polynomials and by the orders of elements in their higher-order Alexander modules.
description: 40 pages, minor corrections, final version for Proc. London Math. Soc.; Proc. London Math. Soc. 2010
MAQOL VA MATALLAR TARJIMASIGA DOIR (O'ZBEKCHA-RUSCHA LUG'AT MISOLIDA)
Creators: name: Mexlieva, Dilnoza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Maqolada o‘zbek xalq maqol va matallarini rus tiliga tarjima qilish usullari borasida so‘z yuritilgan. Maqol va matallar har bir xalqning boy merosi bo‘lib, ba’zi maqol va matallarda milliy mentalitet yaqqol namoyon bo‘lishi,  ularni tarjima qilishda duch kelinadigan muammolar xususida fikr bildirilgan, maqollar va matallar tarjimasida so‘zma-so‘z, mazmunini saqlab qolgan holda yoki aynan o‘xshash ekvavalentiga almashtirish, kerak o‘rinlarda izoh berish kabi usullarga e’tibor qaratilgan. Tarjimada milliy koloritni saqlash eng muhim vazifalardan biri bo‘lib, maqol-matallar tarjimasida ham bu jihatlar inobatga olinishi zarur.
Additional file 3 of iGlioSub: an integrative transcriptomic and epigenomic classifier for glioblastoma molecular subtypes
Creators: name: Ensenyat-Mendez, Miquel
name: Íñiguez-Muñoz, Sandra
name: Sesé, Borja
name: Marzese, Diego M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Suppl Figure 3. t-SNE plotting representing clustering of different subtype patients using (A) all differentially expressed genes (DEG), (B) all differentially methylated sites (DMS), or (C) all DEG and DMS. All plots show a modest classification potential using gene expression data of all DEG, DNAm data of all DMS, or both all DEG and DMS combined.
Additional file 4 of iGlioSub: an integrative transcriptomic and epigenomic classifier for glioblastoma molecular subtypes
Creators: name: Ensenyat-Mendez, Miquel
name: Íñiguez-Muñoz, Sandra
name: Sesé, Borja
name: Marzese, Diego M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Suppl Figure 4. Hierarchical cluster analysis using Euclidean distance for the gene expression/DNAm levels of (A) all differentially expressed genes (DEG), (B) all differentially methylated sites (DMS), or (C) all DEG and DMS. All plots show a significant classification potential of hierarchical clustering using gene expression data of all DEG, DNAm data of all DMS, or both all DEG and DMS combined.
Collisional properties of cm-sized high-porosity ice and dust aggregates and their applications to early planet formation
Creators: name: Schräpler, Rainer R.
name: Landeck, Wolf A.
name: Blum, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In dead zones of protoplanetary discs, it is assumed that micrometre-sized particles grow Brownian, sediment to the midplane and drift radially inward. When collisional compaction sets in, the growing aggregates collect slower and therefore dynamically smaller particles. This sedimentation and growth phase of highly porous ice and dust aggregates is simulated with laboratory experiments in which we obtained mm- to cm-sized ice aggregates with a porosity of 90\% as well as cm-sized dust agglomerates with a porosity of 85\%. We modelled the growth process during sedimentation in an analytical calculation to compute the agglomerate sizes when they reach the midplane of the protoplanetary disc. In the midplane, the dust particles form a thin dense layer and gain relative velocities by, e.g., the streaming instability or the onset of shear turbulence. To investigate also these collisions, we performed additional laboratory drop tower experiments with the high-porosity aggregates formed in the sedimentary-growth experiments and determined their mechanical parameters, including their sticking threshold velocity, which is important for their further collisional evolution on their way to form planetesimals. Finally, we developed a method to calculate the packing-density-dependent fundamental properties of our dust and ice agglomerates, the Young's modulus, the Poisson ratio, the shear viscosity and the bulk viscosity from compression measurements. With these parameters, it was possible to derive the coefficient of restitution which fits our measurements. In order to physically describe these outcomes, we applied a collision model. With this model, predictions about general dust-aggregate collisions are possible.
Two-photon coherent control of femtosecond photoassociation
Creators: name: Koch, Christiane P.
name: Ndong, Mamadou
name: Kosloff, Ronnie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoassociation with short laser pulses has been proposed as a technique to create ultracold ground state molecules. A broad-band excitation seems the natural choice to drive the series of excitation and deexcitation steps required to form a molecule in its vibronic ground state from two scattering atoms. First attempts at femtosecond photoassociation were, however, hampered by the requirement to eliminate the atomic excitation leading to trap depletion. On the other hand, molecular levels very close to the atomic transition are to be excited. The broad bandwidth of a femtosecond laser then appears to be rather an obstacle. To overcome the ostensible conflict of driving a narrow transition by a broad-band laser, we suggest a two-photon photoassociation scheme. In the weak-field regime, a spectral phase pattern can be employed to eliminate the atomic line. When the excitation is carried out by more than one photon, different pathways in the field can be interfered constructively or destructively. In the strong-field regime, a temporal phase can be applied to control dynamic Stark shifts. The atomic transition is suppressed by choosing a phase which keeps the levels out of resonance. We derive analytical solutions for atomic two-photon dark states in both the weak-field and strong-field regime. Two-photon excitation may thus pave the way toward coherent control of photoassociation. Ultimately, the success of such a scheme will depend on the details of the excited electronic states and transition dipole moments. We explore the possibility of two-photon femtosecond photoassociation for alkali and alkaline-earth metal dimers and present a detailed study for the example of calcium.
How much hydrogen is in Type Ib and IIb supernova progenitors?
Creators: name: Gilkis, Avishai
name: Arcavi, Iair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Core-collapse supernovae showing little or no hydrogen (denoted by Type IIb and Ib, respectively) are the explosions of massive stars that have lost some or most of their outer envelopes. How they lose their mass is unclear, but it likely involves binary interaction. So far, seven progenitors of such supernovae have been identified in pre-explosion imaging (five for Type IIb events and two for Type Ib events). Here, we evolve detailed binary stellar evolution models in order to better understand the nature of these progenitors. We find that the amount of hydrogen left in the envelope at the time of explosion greatly depends on the post-interaction mass-loss rate. The leftover hydrogen, in turn, strongly affects progenitor properties, such as temperature and photospheric radius, in non-trivial ways. Together with extinction and distance uncertainties in progenitor data, it is difficult to deduce an accurate progenitor hydrogen mass from pre-explosion imaging. We quantify this uncertainty and find that available data are consistent with a proposed Type Ib-IIb hydrogen mass threshold of approximately 0.033 Msun, implying that even Type Ib progenitors are not pure helium stars. These results alleviate the proposed tension between the Type Ib classification of SN 2019yvr and its candidate progenitor properties. We also estimate the brightness of a surviving 2019yvr progenitor companion, which might be detected in future observations.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS
QCD Static Force in Gradient Flow
Creators: name: Brambilla, Nora
name: Chung, Hee Sok
name: Vairo, Antonio
name: Wang, Xiang-Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the QCD static force and potential using gradient flow at next-to-leading order in the strong coupling. The static force is the spatial derivative of the static potential: it encodes the QCD interaction at both short and long distances. While on the one side the static force has the advantage of being free of the $O(Λ_{\rm QCD})$ renormalon affecting the static potential when computed in perturbation theory, on the other side its direct lattice QCD computation suffers from poor convergence. The convergence can be improved by using gradient flow, where the gauge fields in the operator definition of a given quantity are replaced by flowed fields at flow time $t$, which effectively smear the gauge fields over a distance of order $\sqrt{t}$, while they reduce to the QCD fields in the limit $t \to 0$. Based on our next-to-leading order calculation, we explore the properties of the static force for arbitrary values of $t$, as well as in the $t \to 0$ limit, which may be useful for lattice QCD studies.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Additional file 8 of Endolysins of bacteriophage vB_Sal-S-S10 can naturally lyse Salmonella enteritidis
Creators: name: Wang, Xinrui
name: Han, Lili
name: Rong, Jiaqing
name: Ren, Huiying
name: Liu, Wenhua
name: Zhang, Can
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 8.
Additional file 5 of iGlioSub: an integrative transcriptomic and epigenomic classifier for glioblastoma molecular subtypes
Creators: name: Ensenyat-Mendez, Miquel
name: Íñiguez-Muñoz, Sandra
name: Sesé, Borja
name: Marzese, Diego M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Suppl Figure 5. Comparison of the diminution of the Area Under Curve (AUC) (top panels) and increase of the Error Rate (bottom panels) with less than five features per panel for the gene expression (left) and DNAm (right) panels. The lines represent the mean AUC±SD and Error Rate±SD for each subtype. All lines are normalized against the range of the classifier with the highest AUC or the lowest error rate (Classical subtype classifier). Both AUC and Error Rate show an optimal performance when using five features per panel.
The Role of Multiple Social Categorisation 
in Promoting the Inclusion in the Human Group of Outgroup Members
Creators: name: Prati, Francesca <1982>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: M-PSI/05 Psicologia sociale

description: This dissertation examines social cognitive processes that promote perceived inclusion of outgroup members in the human group.
We first review the literature on social categorization, highlighting the role of multiple and complex categorisations, as social cognitive processes reducing intergroup prejudice. Then, we review research on dehumanisation, addressing antecedents and consequences of this tendency to exclude the “others” from the human group, assessing that research is needed to address the construens role of categorisation in including outgroups in the human group. 
The first line of research pursued in this contribution investigates the effectiveness of multiple categorisation as a human-enhancing mechanism towards outgroups at stake. 
Study 1 shows that perceiving members of a rival University along multiple categorical dimensions enhances the tendency to attribute them human traits. Study 2, involving a highly threatening outgroup, that is, immigrants, goes further beyond previous findings showing that multiple categorisation increases not only attribution of human traits to the target, but also supports for policies in defense of outgroup members’ health. Furthermore, de-categorisation as well as perceived threat from immigrants explains the relationship between categorisation and their inclusion in the human group. 
The second line of research extends the issue of social inclusion of outgroups, through attribution of humanness, by investigating counter-stereotypical (vs. stereotypical) expectations of others. Across three studies we provide evidence that counter-stereotypical vs. stereotypical category combinations elicits more positive and less stereotypical judgments towards different outgroups and more interestingly, the attribution of higher humanness to unrelated outgroups. Furthermore, the extension of humanising outcomes to different discriminated outgroups is explained by an increase of cognitive flexibility, such as the inhibition of reliance on heuristic thoughts. 
In the general discussion, we highlight the relevance of our findings in the contexts of impression formation, groups perception and intergroup relationships.
Bilinear-biquadratic spin-1 model in the Haldane and dimerized phases
Creators: name: Rakov, Mykhailo V.
name: Weyrauch, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the low-lying spectrum of the bilinear-biquadratic Heisenberg model in the dimerized and Haldane phases using a tensor renormalization method. At the (Takhtajan-Babujian) critical point the finite size spectrum predicted by the Wess-Zumino-Witten (WZW) model can only partly be confirmed. We find a singlet-singlet gap which does not fit into the WZW systematics. The results obtained are compared to Bethe Ansatz, exact diagonalization, and density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) calculations for specific parameters.
description: 5 pages, 6 multi-panel figures, 1 table
Optimal incorporation of sparsity information by weighted $\ell_1$ optimization
Creators: name: Tanaka, Toshiyuki
name: Raymond, Jack
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Compressed sensing of sparse sources can be improved by incorporating prior knowledge of the source. In this paper we demonstrate a method for optimal selection of weights in weighted $L_1$ norm minimization for a noiseless reconstruction model, and show the improvements in compression that can be achieved.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Proceedings of ISIT2010
Phase-transition-induced giant Thomson effect for thermoelectric cooling
Creators: name: Modak, Rajkumar
name: Murata, Masayuki
name: Hou, Dazhi
name: Miura, Asuka
name: Iguchi, Ryo
name: Xu, Bin
name: Guo, Rulei
name: Shiomi, Junichiro
name: Sakuraba, Yuya
name: Uchida, Ken-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Seebeck and Peltier effects have been widely studied and used in various thermoelectric technologies, including thermal energy harvesting and solid-state heat pumps. However, basic and applied studies on the Thomson effect, another fundamental thermoelectric effect in conductors, are limited despite the fact that the Thomson effect allows electronic cooling through the application of a temperature gradient bias rather than the construction of junction structures. In this article, we report the observation of a giant Thomson effect that appears owing to magnetic phase transitions. The Thomson coefficient of FeRh-based alloys reaches large values approaching $-$1,000 $μ$VK$^{-1}$ around room temperature because of the steep temperature dependence of the Seebeck coefficient associated with the antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic phase transition. The Thomson coefficient is several orders of magnitude larger than the Seebeck coefficient of the alloys. Using the active thermography technique, we demonstrate that the Thomson cooling can be much larger than Joule heating in the same material even in a nearly steady state. The operation temperature of the giant Thomson effect in the FeRh-based alloys can be tuned over a wide range by applying an external magnetic field or by slightly changing the composition. Our findings provide a new direction in the materials science of thermoelectrics and pave the way for thermal management applications using the Thomson effect.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. In Fig. 3, 4, and 5, the definition of the spatial coordinates is changed for easy comparison with previous studies and the arrows showing the charge current directions are reversed to correct a mistake. This revision does not change the conclusion and discussion of the present work and the figures in this version are the same as those in the published version
Scaling laws in the quantum to classical transition in chaotic systems
Creators: name: Wisniacki, Diego A.
name: Toscano, Fabricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum to classical transition in a chaotic system surrounded by a diffusive environment. The emergence of classicality is monitored by the Renyi entropy, a measure of the entanglement of a system with its environment. We show that the Renyi entropy has a transition from quantum to classical behavior that scales with $\hbar^2_{\rm eff}/D$, where $\hbar_{\rm eff}$ is the effective Planck constant and $D$ is the strength of the noise. However, it was recently shown that a different scaling law controls the quantum to classical transition when it is measured comparing the corresponding phase space distributions. We discuss here the meaning of both scalings in the precise definition of a frontier between the classical and quantum behavior. We also show that there are quantum coherences that the Renyi entropy is unable to detect which questions its use in the studies of decoherence.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Compactifications and algebraic completions of Limit groups
Creators: name: Barlev, Jonathan
name: Gelander, Tsachik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we consider the existence of dense embeddings of Limit groups in locally compact groups generalizing earlier work of Breuillard, Gelander, Souto and Storm [GBSS] where surface groups were considered. Our main results are proved in the context of compact groups and algebraic groups over local fields. In addition we prove a generalization of the classical Baumslag lemma which is a useful tool for generating eventually faithful sequences of homomorphisms. The last section is dedicated to correct a mistake from [BGSS] and to get rid of the even genus assumption.
description: v2: Substantial changes to sections 7 and 8.2. Typos corrected. References added. v3: Acknowledgement corrected
Additional file 6 of iGlioSub: an integrative transcriptomic and epigenomic classifier for glioblastoma molecular subtypes
Creators: name: Ensenyat-Mendez, Miquel
name: Íñiguez-Muñoz, Sandra
name: Sesé, Borja
name: Marzese, Diego M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Suppl Figure 6. t-SNE plots representing clustering of different subtypes using the combination of the three-subtype panels using gene expression, DNAm, and iGlioSub.
Matrix product states for Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov wave functions
Creators: name: Jin, Hui-Ke
name: Sun, Rong-Yang
name: Zhou, Yi
name: Tu, Hong-Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide an efficient and accurate method for converting Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov wave functions into matrix product states (MPSs). These wave functions, also known as Bogoliubov vacua, exhibit a peculiar entanglement structure that the eigenvectors of the reduced density matrix are also Bogoliubov vacua. We exploit this important feature to obtain their optimal MPS approximation and derive an explicit formula for corresponding MPS matrices. The performance of our method is benchmarked with the Kitaev chain and the Majorana-Hubbard model on the honeycomb lattice. The approach facilitates the applications of Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov wave functions and is ideally suited for combining with the density-matrix renormalization group method.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, published version
General effective medium model for the complex permittivity extraction with an open-ended coaxial probe in presence of a multilayer material under test
Creators: name: Pérez Cesaretti, Mauricio David <1980>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: ING-IND/31 Elettrotecnica

description: The work presented in this thesis is focused on the open-ended coaxial-probe frequency-domain reflectometry technique for complex permittivity measurement at microwave frequencies of dispersive dielectric multilayer materials. An effective dielectric model is introduced and validated to extend the applicability of this technique to multilayer materials in on-line system context. In addition, the thesis presents: 1) a numerical study regarding the imperfectness of the contact at the probe-material interface, 2) a review of the available models and techniques, 3) a new classification of the extraction schemes with guidelines on how they can be used to improve the overall performance of the probe according to the problem requirements.
title: GSICS quarterly. Volume 6, number 4 (2012)
Creators: name: Global Space-Based Inter-Calibration System Coordination Center,
Publisher: name: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service, Center for Satellite Applications and Research
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Satellite meteorology
subject: Global Observing System (Meteorology)

description: GSICS Quarterly is a newsletter designed to communicate GSICS activities to all GSICS members and partners, as well as to satellite data users and policy makers
Additional file 7 of iGlioSub: an integrative transcriptomic and epigenomic classifier for glioblastoma molecular subtypes
Creators: name: Ensenyat-Mendez, Miquel
name: Íñiguez-Muñoz, Sandra
name: Sesé, Borja
name: Marzese, Diego M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7: Suppl Figure 7. Hierarchical cluster analysis using Euclidean distance for the gene expression/DNAm levels of the three-subtype panels simultaneously (n = 15 features).
Temperature Dependence of Inertial Pumping in Microchannels
Creators: name: Kornilovitch, Pavel E.
name: Cochell, Tyler
name: Govyadinov, Alexander N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inertial pumping is a promising new method of moving fluids through microchannels but many of its properties remain unexplored. In this work, inertial flow rates are investigated for different channel lengths, operating temperatures, and resistor pulse energies. Flow in closed channels is visualized by adding fluorescent tracer beads to the test fluid (pure water). A robust methodology of extracting flow rates from high-resolution video recordings is developed. Flow rates are found to scale inversely with the channel length. The observed dependence is explained based on a simple phenomenological "kick" model of inertial pumping. Flow rates are also fitted to the more fundamental one-dimensional model of inertial pumping from which the intrinsic drive bubble strength is extracted. The measured flow rates vary strongly with temperature. For well-developed drive bubbles, flow rates at T = 70C are about 12x higher than at T = 30C. Three separate effects contribute to increasing flow rates at high temperatures: (i) lower viscosity of the test fluid, (ii) a stronger drive bubble, and (iii) increasing mechanical efficiency of the pump, i.e., better conversion of the drive bubble strength to unidirectional post-collapse kick. Relative contributions of the three effects are quantified. The energy dependence of flow rates exhibits a clear saturation behavior. The bubble strength is fitted to a phenomenological saturation model. In the end, a complete predictive length-temperature-energy model of flow rates is constructed. The observed strong temperature dependence of inertial pumping should be considered when designing microfluidic workflows. It also highlights the need for integrated flowmeters that could stabilize complex flow patterns via sensory feedback.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures
Monte Carlo Simulation of the Semimetal-Insulator Phase Transition in Monolayer Graphene
Creators: name: Armour, Wes
name: Hands, Simon
name: Strouthos, Costas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A 2+1 dimensional fermion field theory is proposed as a model for the low-energy electronic excitations in monolayer graphene. The model consists of N=2 four-component Dirac fermions moving in the plane and interacting via a contact interaction between charge densities. For strong couplings there is a continuous transition to a Mott insulting phase. We present results of an extensive numerical study of the model's critical region, including the order parameter, its associated susceptibility, and for the first time the quasiparticle propagator. The data enables an extraction of the critical exponents at the transition, including the dynamical critical exponent, which are hypothesised to be universal features of a quantum critical point. The relation of our model with others in the literature is discussed, along with the implications for physical graphene following from our value of the critical coupling.
description: 19 pages
Superdiffusion of Cosmic Rays in Compressible Magnetized Turbulence
Creators: name: Hu, Yue
name: Lazarian, A.
name: Xu, Siyao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Owing to the complexity of turbulent magnetic fields, modeling the diffusion of cosmic rays is challenging. Based on the current understanding of anisotropic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence, we use test particles to examine the cosmic rays' superdiffusion in the direction perpendicular to the mean magnetic field. By changing Alfven Mach number $M_A$ and sonic Mach number $M_S$ of compressible MHD simulations, our study covers a wide range of astrophysical conditions including subsonic warm gas phase and supersonic cold molecular gas. We show that freely streaming cosmic rays' perpendicular displacement increases as 3/2 to the power of the time traveled along local magnetic field lines. This power-law index changes to 3/4 if the parallel propagation is diffusive. We find that the cosmic rays' parallel mean free path decreases in a power-law relation of $M_A^{-2}$ in supersonic turbulence. We investigate the energy fraction of slow, fast, and Alfvenic modes and confirm the dominance of Alfvenic modes in the perpendicular superdiffusion. In particular, the energy fraction of fast mode, which is the main agent for pitch-angle scattering, increases with $M_A$ but is insensitive to $M_S \ge 2$. Accordingly, our results suggest that the suppressed diffusion in supersonic molecular clouds arises primarily due to the variations of $M_A$ instead of $M_S$.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
VERITAS Observations of a Very High Energy Gamma-ray Flare from the Blazar 3C 66A
Creators: name: VERITAS Collaboration
name: Acciari, V. A.
name: Aliu, E.
name: Arlen, T.
name: Beilicke, M.
name: Benbow, W.
name: Bottcher, M.
name: Bradbury, S. M.
name: Buckley, J. H.
name: Bugaev, V.
name: Butt, Y.
name: Byrum, K.
name: Cannon, A.
name: Celik, O.
name: Cesarini, A.
name: Chow, Y. C.
name: Ciupik, L.
name: Cogan, P.
name: Cui, W.
name: Daniel, M. K.
name: Dickherber, R.
name: Ergin, T.
name: Falcone, A.
name: Fegan, S. J.
name: Finley, J. P.
name: Fortin, P.
name: Fortson, L.
name: Furniss, A.
name: Gall, D.
name: Gibbs, K.
name: Gillanders, G. H.
name: Godambe, S.
name: Grube, J.
name: Guenette, R.
name: Gyuk, G.
name: Hanna, D.
name: Hays, E.
name: Holder, J.
name: Horan, D.
name: Hui, C. M.
name: Humensky, T. B.
name: Imran, A.
name: Kaaret, P.
name: Karlsson, N.
name: Kertzman, M.
name: Kieda, D.
name: Kildea, J.
name: Konopelko, A.
name: Krawczynski, H.
name: Krennrich, F.
name: Lang, M. J.
name: LeBohec, S.
name: Maier, G.
name: McCann, A.
name: McCutcheon, M.
name: Millis, J.
name: Moriarty, P.
name: Mukherjee, R.
name: Nagai, T.
name: Ong, R. A.
name: Otte, A. N.
name: Pandel, D.
name: Perkins, J. S.
name: Petry, D.
name: Pizlo, F.
name: Pohl, M.
name: Quinn, J.
name: Ragan, K.
name: Reyes, L. C.
name: Reynolds, P. T.
name: Roache, E.
name: Rose, H. J.
name: Schroedter, M.
name: Sembroski, G. H.
name: Smith, A. W.
name: Steele, D.
name: Swordy, S. P.
name: Theiling, M.
name: Toner, J. A.
name: Varlotta, A.
name: Vassiliev, V. V.
name: Wagner, R. G.
name: Wakely, S. P.
name: Ward, J. E.
name: Weekes, T. C.
name: Weinstein, A.
name: Williams, D. A.
name: Wissel, S.
name: Wood, M.
name: Zitzer, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intermediate-frequency peaked BL Lacertae (IBL) object 3C 66A is detected during 2007 - 2008 in VHE (very high energy: E > 100 GeV) gamma-rays with the VERITAS stereoscopic array of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. An excess of 1791 events is detected, corresponding to a significance of 21.2 standard deviations (sigma), in these observations (32.8 hours live time). The observed integral flux above 200 GeV is 6% of the Crab Nebula's flux and shows evidence for variability on the time-scale of days. The measured energy spectrum is characterized by a soft power law with photon index Gamma = 4.1 +- 0.4_stat +- 0.6_sys. The radio galaxy 3C 66B is excluded as a possible source of the VHE emission.
description: 13 Pages, 4 Figures. Published in ApJL. This new version correctly calculates the intrinsic photon index (see Erratum: ApJL, 721:L203-L204)
Additional file 8 of iGlioSub: an integrative transcriptomic and epigenomic classifier for glioblastoma molecular subtypes
Creators: name: Ensenyat-Mendez, Miquel
name: Íñiguez-Muñoz, Sandra
name: Sesé, Borja
name: Marzese, Diego M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Suppl Figure 8. Barplots displaying the percentage of cells classified as Classical, Mesenchymal, and Proneural from a single-cell RNA-seq experiment using our gene expression-based classifier and GlioVis. The colored squares represent the subtype selected by the classifier and GlioVis for each patient using a bulk simulation using the mean expression of all cells. Both methodologies display a moderate agreement in the selection of the predominant subtype (κ=0.45), and a significant agreement between the predominant subtype and the assigned subtype using the bulk-like method (classifier κ=0.88; GlioVis κ=0.63).
The pronunciation of English in British Columbia : an analysis of the responses to the phonological section of the Linguistic Survey of B. C., Postal Questionnaire (PQ3)
Creators: name: Stevenson, Roberta C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The primary object of this thesis is the analysis of responses to the phonological section of the Linguistic Survey of B.C.: Postal Questionnaire (PQ3) which was designed by James Poison and Dr. R. J. Gregg at the University of B.C. In analysing the responses to the questionnaire, major emphasis has been placed on the distribution of variants in the province as a whole, on the shifting distribution of variants from older to younger generation speakers and on the isolation of dialect areas within the province. With regard to the isolation of dialect areas, the overall area distribution is the focus of attention; discussion of regional age variations is of necessity brief since sample sizes in age/area categories are for the most part too small to allow a definitive analysis. In addition to the analysis of PQ3 data, correlations have been made with data from other B.C. dialect surveys at both provincial and regional levels. Responses to other surveys at the provincial level are for the most part in agreement with those of PQ3> however, for some items significant variations occur. Comparison of responses at the regional level is difficult due to small and/or disparate sample sizes. The analysis of PQ3 data and the comparison of the results of this survey with those of other B.C. surveys indicates the necessity of a more concentrated study of B.C. speech. To this end, some alternative approaches to the study of British Columbia dialect have been suggested.
Simply connected projective manifolds in characteristic $p>0$ have no nontrivial stratified bundles
Creators: name: Esnault, Hélène
name: Mehta, Vikram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that simply connected projective manifolds in characteristic $p>0$ have no nontrivial stratified bundles. This gives a positive answer to a conjecture by D. Gieseker. The proof uses Hrushovski's theorem on periodic points.
description: 16 pages. Revised version contains a more general theorem on torsion points on moduli, together with an illustration in rank 2 due to M. Raynaud. Reference added. Last version has some typos corrected. Appears in Invent.math.
Additional file 9 of iGlioSub: an integrative transcriptomic and epigenomic classifier for glioblastoma molecular subtypes
Creators: name: Ensenyat-Mendez, Miquel
name: Íñiguez-Muñoz, Sandra
name: Sesé, Borja
name: Marzese, Diego M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 9: Suppl Figure 9. Pathways enriched for upregulated and downregulated genes in Classical, Mesenchymal, and Proneural subtype patients compared to the rest of patients.
Charge and spin dynamics in interacting quantum dots
Creators: name: Splettstoesser, Janine
name: Governale, Michele
name: König, Jürgen
name: Büttiker, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transient response of a quantum dot with strong Coulomb interaction to a fast change in the gate potential, as well as the stationary ac-response to a slow harmonic variation of the gate potential are computed by means of a real-time diagrammatic expansion in the tunnel-coupling strength. We find that after a fast switching, the relaxation of charge and spin are governed by a single time constant each, which differ from each other due to Coulomb repulsion. We compare the response to a step potential with the $RC$ time extracted from the ac response.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, published version