cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Collective excitations of quantum Hall states under tilted magnetic field
Creators: name: Yang, Kang
name: Goerbig, Mark
name: Douçot, Benoît
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the neutral excitations of fractional quantum Hall states in electronic systems of finite width where an external anisotropy is introduced by tilting the magnetic field. As in the isotropic case, the neutral collective excitation can be worked out through the conserving method of composite fermions in the Hamiltonian theory because the interaction potential has a natural cutoff due to the quantum well width. We show how such a computation can be carried out perturbatively for an anisotropic interaction. We find that unlike the charge gap, the neutral collective gap is much more sensitive to the tilt and can thus, for certain fractional quantum Hall states, be easily destroyed by the parallel component of the magnetic field. We also discuss the convergence of the collective spectrum to the activation gap in the large-momentum limit.
Optical-lattice based Cs active clock with continual superradiant lasing signal
Creators: name: Pan, Duo
name: Arora, Bindiya
name: Yu, Yan-mei
name: Sahoo, B. K.
name: Chen, Jingbiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate state-of-the-art technique of an active clock to provide a continuous superradiant lasing signal using an ensemble of trapped Cs atoms in the optical lattice. A magic wavelength of the proposed |7S1/2; F = 4, MF = 0> - |6P3/2; F = 3, MF = 0> clock transition in Cs atom is identified at 1181 nm for constructing the optical lattice. Pertinent optical lines are also found for pumping and repumping atoms from their ground states. A fractional uncertainty about 10-15 level to the clock frequency has been predicted by carrying out rigorous calculations of several atomic properties. The bad-cavity operational mode of the active clock is anticipated to improve its short-term stability remarkably by suppressing intrinsic thermal fluctuations. Thus, a composite clock system with better in both short-term and long-term stabilities can be built by combining the above proposed active clock with another high-accuracy passive optical clock.
Price, Quality, and International Agricultural Trade
Creators: name: Woods, Darian
name: Woods, Darian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Production Economics
subject: agriculture
subject: trade
subject: prices
subject: quality
subject: market power

description: The average value of a particular class of agricultural exports varies widely across different destinations. In the event of a supply shock, such as the implementation of the Emissions Trading Scheme, can farmers offset higher costs by raising their average prices by contracting exports to lower value destinations? If the difference in value reflects different prices because producers have market power, the answer will be ―yes‖. If the difference in value reflects differences in the quality of goods exported to different destinations, the answer is ―no.‖ While not definitive, there is little support for the hypothesis that exports are curtailed.
title: The role of cuticular hydrocarbons in intraspecific aggression in the invasive ant Cardiocondyla obscurior
Creators: name: Drakula, Maja
name: Büllesbach, Jan
name: Schrader, Lukas
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 570 Biology

description: Cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) are important cues for nestmate discrimination and intraspecific aggression in ants. In invasive ants, diminished CHC profile diversity is suspected to contribute to the ecological and evolutionary success of populations by reducing intraspecific aggression between colonies. The ant 'Cardiocondyla obscurior' Wheeler, 1929 has successfully colonized habitats around the world, reaching high local population densities. However, despite being invasive, colonies still react aggressively against each other, especially in interactions with non-nestmate alate queens. Here, we study whether CHCs are relevant for antagonistic interactions in this species, by combining behavioral experiments with gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. We show that queen and worker CHC profiles show pronounced quantitative as well as qualitative differences, that queens with depleted CHC profiles receive virtually no aggression from non-nestmates, and that aggression levels are positively correlated with the naturally occurring CHC profile differences between colonies. These findings provide first empirical evidence for a role of CHCs and chemical diversity in antagonistic behaviors against foreign queens in this species. They further suggest that invasive populations of 'C. obscurior' are multicolonial and polydomous.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Universität Münster.
Additional file 3 of Towards a fasting-mimicking diet for critically ill patients: the pilot randomized crossover ICU-FM-1 study
Creators: name: Dyck, Lisa Van
name: Vanhorebeek, Ilse
name: Wilmer, Alexander
name: Schrijvers, An
name: Derese, Inge
name: Mebis, Liese
name: Wouters, Pieter J.
name: Berghe, Greet Van Den
name: Gunst, Jan
name: Casaer, Michaël P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. (VanDyck-ICU-FM-additional_table3). Nutrition on the intervention day and clinical endpoints. Description of data: Nutrition on the intervention day combined for both intervention windows. ICU-related complications for 7 days after the study day, or until ICU discharge if the ICU stay was shorter, and for short- and long-term mortality.
State-of-the-art AGN SEDs for Photoionization Models: BLR Predictions Confront the Observations
Creators: name: Ferland, Gary
name: Done, Chris
name: Jin, Chichuan
name: Landt, Hermine
name: Ward, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The great power offered by photoionization models of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) emission-line regions has long been mitigated by the fact that very little is known about the spectral energy distribution (SED) between the Lyman limit, where intervening absorption becomes a problem, and 0.3 keV, where soft x-ray observations become possible. The emission lines themselves can, to some degree, be used to probe the SED, but only in the broadest terms. This paper employs a new generation of theoretical SEDs which are internally self-consistent, energy-conserving, and tested against observations, to infer properties of the emission-line regions. The SEDs are given as a function of the Eddington ratio, allowing emission-line correlations to be investigated on a fundamental basis. We apply the simplest possible tests, based on the foundations of photoionization theory, to investigate the implications for the geometry of the emission-line region. The SEDs become more far-ultraviolet bright as the Eddington ratio increases, so the equivalent widths of recombination lines should also become larger, an effect which we quantify. The observed lack of correlation between Eddington ratio and equivalent width shows that the cloud covering factor must decrease as Eddington ratio increases. This would be consistent with recent models proposing that the broad-line region is a failed dusty wind off the accretion disc.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Structural Effects of Small Molecules on Phospholipid Bilayers Investigated by Molecular Simulations
Creators: name: Lee, Bryan W.
name: Faller, Roland
name: Sum, Amadeu K.
name: Vattulainen, Ilpo
name: Patra, Michael
name: Karttunen, Mikko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize and compare recent Molecular Dynamics simulations on the interactions of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) bilayers in the liquid crystalline phase with a number of small molecules including trehalose, a disaccharide of glucose, alcohols, and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). The sugar molecules tend to stabilize the structure of the bilayer as they bridge adjacent lipid headgroups. They do not strongly change the structure of the bilayer. Alcohols and DMSO destabilize the bilayer as they increase its area per molecule in the bilayer plane and decrease the order parameter. Alcohols have a stronger detrimental effect than DMSO. The observables which we compare are the area per molecule in the plane of the bilayer, the membrane thickness, and the NMR order parameter of DPPC hydrocarbon tails. The area per molecule and the order parameter are very well correlated whereas the bilayer thickness is not necessarily correlated with them.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted to Fluid Phase Equilibria
Environmental and Social Values from Plantation Forests: A Study in New Zealand with Focus on the Hawke’s Bay Region
Creators: name: Rivas Palma, Rosa Maria
name: Manley, Bruce
name: Kerr, Geoffrey N.
name: Rivas Palma, Rosa Maria
name: Manley, Bruce
name: Kerr, Geoffrey N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: plantation forests
subject: non-market values
subject: stakeholders
subject: choice modelling

description: There is a need for better understanding and estimating forests non-market values. This study aimed to investigate the environmental and social values of plantation forests in New Zealand focusing in Hawke’s Bay. Identified stakeholder groups considered Erosion control, Water quality and quantity, Employment, Increased living standard, and Recreation as the most relevant values. These became the focus of the study. The environmental value of plantation forests was estimated through choice modelling. The results indicated that respondents with higher education levels and positive attitude towards community values were more willing to pay for improved levels of land stabilisation and water quality.
title: Are SNPs Linked to Somatic Cell Score Suitable Markers for the Susceptibility to Specific Mastitis Pathogens in Holstein Cows?
Creators: name: Müller, U.
name: Strucken, E. M.
name: Gao, J.
name: Rahmatalla, S.
name: Korkuć, P.
name: Reissmann, M.
name: Brockmann, G. A.
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
subject: 640 Hauswirtschaft und Familie

description: Mastitis in cattle is often caused by microorganism infections in the udder. The three most common pathogens are esculin‐positive streptococci ( SC+ ), coagulase‐negative staphylococci ( CNS ), and Escherichia coli ( E. coli ). In a previous study, 10 SNPs were associated with somatic cell score and mastitis in diverse Holstein populations. We tested these SNPs for their effects on individual pathogen presence. Milk and pathogen samples of 3076 Holstein cows were collected from four farms. Samples were excluded if multiple pathogens were present at the same time. Records of the same pathogen within 14 days of each other were counted as one infection. This resulted in 1129 pathogen‐positive samples. Cases and controls were in ratios of 20:80 for SC+ , 8:92 for CNS , and 11:89 for E. coli . The lasso, backward, and forward methods were used to narrow down SNPs associated with pathogen presence. The suitability of the SNPs to separate the samples into cases or controls for each pathogen was indicated using ROC curves. The Cochran‐Armitage (CAT) and the Jonckheere‐Terpstra (JTT) tests evaluated the influence of the SNPs on pathogen presence. Finally, a generalised linear mixed model (GLMM) including fixed environmental effects and a random sire effect was fitted to the binary trait of pathogen presence to test for association. In total, six out of the 10 investigated SNPs showed associations with pathogen presence based on the forward method: Two SNPs each for SC+ (rs41588957, rs41257403) and CNS (rs109934030, rs109441194), and three for E. coli (rs109934030, rs41634110, rs41636878). The CAT and GTT tests linked four SNPs (rs41588957, rs41634110, rs109441194, rs41636878) to pathogen presence, two of which were confirmed with the GLMM (rs41634110, rs109441194), with effects on CNS and E. coli . The SNPs linked to CNS and those linked to E. coli explained 13.2% and 13.8% of the variance, compared to 19% and 18.4%, respectively, of the full model with all 10 SNPs. Half of the SNP genotypes previously linked to lower SCS also decreased the probability for pathogen presence and might therefore be targets not just for lower SCS but for a better pathogen resistance. Trial Registration: Not applicable, no new data were collected for this study.
Rebel group identity and international relations : how the illogic of appropriateness prolongs civil conflict
Creators: name: Tyer, James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Despite the growing literature on the causes of intrastate conflict, little attention has been paid to the identity of rebel groups. Where rebel groups are introduced, they are represented as rational entities with static interests. Moreover, civil war is represented as a domestic microcosm of neorealist anarchy. This thesis questions the completeness of such explanations and argues that a constructivist analysis of the normative foundations of the international system can provide vital reasons for the longevity of civil conflict. A critical constructivist understanding explains the international system as a communally-maintained normative culture. Ideas form the guiding 'logic of appropriateness' and therefore constitute the identities of the actors in the system. For rebel groups, the logic of appropriateness is actually an 'illogic' as the prescriptions of the dominant norms of normative sovereignty carry inherent contradictions as to what it means to be a legitimate actor. The case studies of the Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A) in southern Sudan and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LITE) in Sri Lanka demonstrate the effects of the contradictory normative dissonance on rebel group identity and question the likelihood of a successful peace in either country while the dissonance prevails.
The Labour Allocation Decisions of Farm Households: Defining a theoretical model.
Creators: name: Donnellan, Trevor
name: Hennessy, Thia C.
name: Donnellan, Trevor
name: Hennessy, Thia C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Labour allocation
subject: farm household
subject: theoretical model

description: This paper presents a theoretical model for the analysis of decisions regarding farm household labour allocation. The agricultural household model is selected as the most appropriate theoretical framework; a model based on the assumption that households behave to maximise utility, which is a function of consumption and leisure, and is subject to time and budget constraints. The model can be used to describe the role of government subsidies in farm household labour allocation decisions; in particular the impact of decoupled subsidies on labour allocation can be examined. Decoupled subsidies are a labour-free payment and as such represent an increase in labour-free income or wealth. An increase in wealth allows farm households to work less while maintaining consumption. On the other hand, decoupled subsidies represent a decline in the return to farm labour and may lead to a substitution effect, i.e. farmers may choose to substitute non-farm work for farm work. The theoretical framework proposed in this paper allows us to examine these two conflicting effects.
Solution-processed silver sulphide nanocrystal film for resistive switching memories
Creators: name: Martín-García, Beatriz
name: Spirito, Davide
name: Krahne, Roman
name: Moreels, Iwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resistive switching memories allow electrical control of the conductivity of a material, by inducing a high resistance (OFF) or a low resistance (ON) state, using electrochemical and ion transport processes. As alternative to high temperature and vacuum-based physical sulphurization methods of silver (Ag), here we propose, as resistive switching medium, a layer built from colloidal Ag$_{2-x}$S nanocrystals -compatible with solution-processed approaches. The effect of the electrode size (from macro- to micro-scale), composition (Ag, Ti and Pt) and geometry on the device performance together with the electrochemical mechanisms involved are evaluated. We achieved an optimized Ag/Ti bowtie proof-of-concept configuration by e-beam lithography, which fulfils the general requirements for ReRAM devices in terms of low power consumption and reliable $I_{ON}/I_{OFF}$ ratio. This configuration demonstrates reproducible switching between ON and OFF states with data endurance of at least 20 cycles; and an $I_{ON}/I_{OFF}$ ratio up to 10$^3$ at low power consumption (0.1V readout), which outperforms previous results in literature for devices with resistive layers fabricated from silver chalcogenide nanoparticles.
Additional file 2 of Towards a fasting-mimicking diet for critically ill patients: the pilot randomized crossover ICU-FM-1 study
Creators: name: Dyck, Lisa Van
name: Vanhorebeek, Ilse
name: Wilmer, Alexander
name: Schrijvers, An
name: Derese, Inge
name: Mebis, Liese
name: Wouters, Pieter J.
name: Berghe, Greet Van Den
name: Gunst, Jan
name: Casaer, Michaël P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. (VanDyck-ICU-FM-additional_table2). Formulas of enteral and parenteral nutrition. Description of data: Formulas of enteral and parenteral nutrition used in the study.
The inelastic hard dimer gas: a non-spherical model for granular matter
Creators: name: Costantini, Giulio
name: Marconi, Umberto Marini Bettolo
name: Kalibaeva, Galina
name: Ciccotti, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a two-dimensional gas of inelastic smooth hard dimers. Since the collisions between dimers are dissipative, being characterized by a coefficient of restitution $α<1$, and no external driving force is present, the energy of the system decreases in time and no stationary state is achieved. However, the resulting non equilibrium state of the system displays several interesting properties in close analogy with systems of inelastic hard spheres, whose relaxational dynamics has been thoroughly explored. We generalise to inelastic systems a recently method introduced [G.Ciccotti and G.Kalibaeva, J. Stat. Phys. {\bf 115}, 701 (2004)] to study the dynamics of rigid elastic bodies made up of different spheres hold together by rigid bonds. Each dimer consists of two hard disks of diameter $d$, whose centers are separated by a fixed distance $a$. By describing the rigid bonds by means of holonomic constraints and deriving the appropriate collision rules between dimers, we reduce the dynamics to a set of equations which can be solved by means of event driven simulation. After deriving the algorithm we study the decay of the total kinetic energy, and of the ratio between the rotational and the translational kinetic energy of inelastic dimers. We show numerically that the celebrated Haff's homogeneous cooling law $t^{-2}$, describing how the kinetic energy of an inelastic hard sphere system with constant coefficient of restitution decreases in time, holds even in the case of these non spherical particles. We fully characterize this homogeneous decay process in terms of appropriate decay constants and confirm numerically the scaling behavior of the velocity distributions.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures and 2 tables, submitted to JCP
Rank zero elliptic curves induced by rational Diophantine triples
Creators: name: Dujella, Andrej
name: Mikić, Miljen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G05, 11D09

description: Rational Diophantine triples, i.e. rationals a,b,c with the property that ab+1, ac+1, bc+1 are perfect squares, are often used in construction of elliptic curves with high rank. In this paper, we consider the opposite problem and ask how small can be the rank of elliptic curves induced by rational Diophantine triples. It is easy to find rational Diophantine triples with elements with mixed signs which induce elliptic curves with rank 0. However, the problem of finding such examples of rational Diophantine triples with positive elements is much more challenging, and we will provide the first such known example.
description: 7 pages
Art und Ausmaß der Inanspruchnahme landwirtschaftlicher Flächen für außerlandwirtschaftliche Zwecke und Ausgleichsmaßnahmen
Creators: name: Tietz, Andreas
name: Bathke, Manfred
name: Osterburg, Bernhard
name: Tietz, Andreas
name: Bathke, Manfred
name: Osterburg, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Landnutzungsarten
subject: Flächeninanspruchnahme
subject: Eingriffsregelung
subject: land use types
subject: land consumption
subject: environmental impact regulation

description: Zusammenfassung : Diese Studie stellt Hintergründe zu Art und Ausmaß der Inanspruchnahme landwirtschaftlicher Nutzfläche durch außerlandwirtschaftliche Nutzungen einschließlich der naturschutzrechtlichen Ausgleichs- und Ersatzmaßnahmen dar. Im ersten Teil werden anhand statistischer Daten der letzten zwei Jahrzehnte Aussagen zu Flächenbilanzen der verschiedenen Nutzungsarten abgeleitet. Aufgrund der unsicheren Datenlage kann das Verhältnis zwischen dem Verlust an Landwirtschaftsfläche für Siedlungs- und Verkehrszwecke und dem korrespondierenden Verlust durch Ausgleichs- und Ersatzmaßnahmen nicht verlässlich abgeschätzt werden. Im zweiten Teil werden mögliche Optionen eines sparsameren Umgangs mit landwirtschaftlicher Fläche thematisiert. Dazu wird zunächst ein kurzer Überblick über die Berücksichtigung landwirtschaftlicher Belange im Planungs- und Naturschutzrecht gegeben. Abschließend stehen Ansätze zur Reduzierung der Flächeninanspruchnahme im Rahmen der Eingriffsregelung im Mittelpunkt. Sofern ein öffentliches Interesse daran besteht, landwirtschaftliche Nutzflächen als solche zu erhalten, sind verbindlichere Vorgaben zu einer entsprechenden Umsetzung der Eingriffsregelung unverzichtbar. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Summary: In this study, background information regarding the nature and the extent of the usage of agricultural land for non-agricultural purposes including environmental compensation measures is given. In the first part, statistical data of the past two decades is analysed in order to derive balances on different land use types. Due to uncertain data, the relation between the losses of agricultural area for settlement and traffic purposes and the corresponding losses for environmental compensation cannot be reliably estimated. In the second part, possible options of a more economical use of agricultural land are discussed. First, an overview on the consideration of agricultural concerns in planning and conservation laws is given. Finally, approaches to reduce the consumption of agricultural land in environmental compensation measures are presented. If there is a public interest in maintaining agricultural land as such, more binding rules for the adequate implementation of the environmental impact regulation are essential.
Stable, low-error and calibration-free polarization encoder for free-space quantum communication
Creators: name: Avesani, Marco
name: Agnesi, Costantino
name: Stanco, Andrea
name: Vallone, Giuseppe
name: Villoresi, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarization-encoded free-space Quantum Communication requires a quantum state source featuring fast polarization modulation, long-term stability and a low intrinsic error rate. Here we present a source based on a Sagnac interferometer and composed of polarization maintaining fibers, a fiber polarization beam splitter and an electro-optic phase modulator. The system generates predetermined polarization states with a fixed reference frame in free-space that does not require calibration neither at the transmitter nor at the receiver. In this way we achieve long-term stability and low error rates. A proof-of-concept experiment is also reported, demonstrating a Quantum Bit Error Rate lower than 0.2% for several hours without any active recalibration of the devices.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of The state of ethics education at medical schools in Turkey: taking stock and looking forward
Creators: name: Kavas, Mustafa Volkan
name: Yesim Isil Ulman
name: Demir, Figen
name: Artvinli, Fatih
name: Şahiner, Melike
name: Demirören, Meral
name: Şenyürek, Gamze
name: Işıl Pakiş
name: Nadi Bakırcı
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Questionnaire for the inventory analysis of ethics curricula at medical schools in Turkey.
Proton Decay in Supersymmetric GUT Models
Creators: name: Wiesenfeldt, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The instability of protons is a crucial prediction of supersymmetric GUTs. We review the decay in minimal supersymmetric SU(5), which is dominated by dimension-five operators, and discuss the implications of the failure of Yukawa unification for the decay rate. In a consistent SU(5) model, where SU(5) relations among Yukawa couplings hold, the proton decay rate can be several orders of magnitude smaller than the present experimental bound. Finally, we discuss orbifold GUTs, where proton decay via dimension-five operators is absent. The branching ratios of dimension-six decay can significantly differ from those in four dimensions.
description: DESY report number corrected
title: Battles on Different Fronts: The Role of the EU in Strengthening the Response of Ukraine to Gender-based Violence, Including Conflict-related Sexual Violence, Since Russia’s Invasion
Creators: name: Anosova, Iuliia
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: European Union
subject: Ukraine
subject: gender-based violence
subject: war
subject: discursive institutionalism
subject: normative power

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2023 8(3), 1131-1142
description: European Forum Insight of 16 January 2024
description: I. Introduction. - II. EU’s stance on gender equality and the operationalization of its supportive role in Ukraine. - III. The EU’s multifaceted engagement. - III.1. Legal dimension. - III.2. Justice-related dimension. - III.3. Values-based dimension. - IV. Conclusion.
description: The Insight investigates the role of the EU in promoting gender equality and freedom from gender-based violence in Ukraine in the context of Russia’s war against Ukraine. By drawing on concrete examples of developments which took place at legal, justice-related and values-based dimensions through the framework of discursive institutionalism, the Author identifies a significant shift in the EU’s role since the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. Concretely, the shift from a supportive presence in the initial stages of war in 2014 to the EU more actively exercising its normative power.
title: Meditation expertise influences response bias and prestimulus alpha activity in the somatosensory signal detection task
Creators: name: Mylius, Maik
name: Guendelman, Simon
name: Iliopoulos, Fivos
name: Gallese, Vittorio
name: Kaltwasser, Laura
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: alpha modulation
subject: interoception
subject: meditation
subject: mindfulness
subject: prestimulus alpha
subject: somatosensory awareness
subject: somatosensory signal detection
subject: Vipassana
subject: 150 Psychologie
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: This study investigates the proposed mechanism of mindfulness, its impact on body awareness and interoception, and its potential benefits for mental and physical health. Using psychophysical assessments, we compared 31 expert meditators with 33 matched controls (non‐meditators who engage in regular reading, more than 5 h per week) in terms of somatosensory accuracy with a somatosensory signal detection task (SSDT) and interoceptive sensibility via self‐report measures. We hypothesized that meditators would demonstrate superior somatosensory accuracy, indicative of heightened body awareness, potentially linked to increased alpha modulation in the somatosensory cortex, as observed via electroencephalography (EEG). In the SSDT, participants attempted to detect near‐threshold tactile stimuli presented with a non‐informative light in half of the trials. Contrary to our expectations, the findings showed that meditators had a lower decision threshold rather than higher accuracy. EEG results corroborated earlier research, indicating reduced prestimulus alpha power in meditators, suggesting enhanced alpha modulation. Furthermore, a trial‐by‐trial analysis revealed a negative correlation between prestimulus alpha activity and tactile perception. Compared to controls, meditators also reported greater interoceptive sensibility, less emotional suppression, and fewer difficulties in describing feelings. These findings may imply that enhanced tactile perception is associated with lower prestimulus alpha activity by reducing sensory filtering in the somatosensory cortex, thus increasing response rates without necessarily improving accuracy among meditators.
WEB FRONT-END AND BACK-END TECHNOLOGIES IN PROGRAMMING
Creators: name: Quvvatov, Behruz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Web programming dynamic and interactive websites work exit own into takes both front-end and back-end technologies according to requires experience . _ Front-end technologies user interface design and user to the experience attention focuses on backend technologies and the server side logic , data bases and applications functions manages _ This article modern web development on the way out their importance clarity by entering this technologies about complete information will give .
Additional file 1 of A novel risk score model based on eight genes and a nomogram for predicting overall survival of patients with osteosarcoma
Creators: name: Guangzhi Wu
name: Minglei Zhang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The list of differentially expressed genes between metastatic and non-metastatic osteosarcoma patients in training dataset was displayed. Table S2. The list of differentially expressed genes between high and low risk groups in training dataset.
Erwerbstätigkeit in den ländlichen Landkreisen in Deutschland 1995 bis 2008
Creators: name: Kriehn, Claudia
name: Kriehn, Claudia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Ländliche Arbeitsmärkte
subject: Erwerbstätigkeit
subject: Regionale Disparitäten
subject: rural labour markets
subject: employment
subject: regional disparities

description: Zusammenfassung : Dieser Arbeitsbericht bietet einen Vergleich der Struktur und Entwicklung der Erwerbstätigkeit zwischen verschiedenen Typen von Landkreisen für die Jahre 1995 bis 2008. Im Fokus stehen Disparitäten zwischen ländlichen und nichtländlichen Landkreisen. Es ist unter anderem zu erkennen, dass in den alten Bundesländern die am dünnsten besiedelten ländlichen Kreise nicht mit der Zunahme der Erwerbstätigkeit in den übrigen Kreisen Schritt halten konnten. In den neuen Bundesländern ist bei den meisten Kreistypen die Zahl der Erwerbstätigen zurückgegangen; nur in den Kernstädten der Agglomerationsräume und in den ländlichen Kreisen in verstädterten Räumen ist die Wachstumsrate positiv. Die Zusammenfassung ausgewählter neuerer Forschungsbeiträge zu regionalen Disparitäten bei der Beschäftigungsentwicklung verdeutlicht, dass eine Vielzahl von Faktoren für Entwicklungsunterschiede verantwortlich gemacht werden können. Die Hauptrolle scheinen dabei lokale Besonderheiten zu spielen, die sich in der Regel nur schwer in empirischen Schätzungen berücksichtigen lassen. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Summary: This working paper presents a comparison of the employment structure and development among different types of districts in Germany between 1995 and 2008. The paper focuses on disparities between rural and non-rural districts. The data reveal that in Western Germany the rural districts of minor density could not keep up with the employment growth in the remaining district types. In Eastern Germany, the number of employees decreased in most district types; a positive growth rate could only be observed for core cities in agglomerations and rural districts in urbanized regions. A summary of selected recent contributions to research in the field of regional employment disparities clarifies that the differences are driven by a large number of factors. The most important ones seem to be local characteristics which usually are difficult to include in empirical estimations.
Understanding the role of Ca segregation on thermal stability, electrical resistivity and mechanical strength of nanostructured aluminum
Creators: name: Sauvage, Xavier
name: Cuvilly, Fabien
name: Russell, Alan
name: Edalati, Kaveh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Achieving a combination of high mechanical strength and high electrical conductivity in low-weight Al alloys requires a full understanding of the relationships between nanoscaled features and physical properties. Grain boundary strengthening through grain size reduction offers some interesting possibilities but is limited by thermal stability issues. Zener pinning by stable nanoscaled particles or grain boundary segregation are well-known strategies for stabilizing grain boundaries. In this study, the Al-Ca system has been selected to investigate the way segregation affects the combination of mechanical strength and electrical resistivity. For this purpose, an Al-Ca composite material was severely deformed by high-pressure torsion to achieve a nanoscaled structure with a mean grain size of only 25 nm. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography data revealed that the fcc Ca phase was dissolved for large levels of plastic deformation leading mainly to Ca segregations along crystalline defects. The resulting microhardness of about 300 HV is much higher than predictions based on Hall and Petch Law and is attributed to limited grain boundary mediated plasticity due to Ca segregation. The electrical resistivity is also much higher than that expected for nanostructured Al. The main contribution comes from Ca segregations that lead to a fraction of electrons reflected or trapped by grain boundaries twice larger than in pure Al. The two-phase state was investigated by in-situ and ex-situ microscopy after annealing at 200{\textdegree}C for 30 min, where precipitation of nanoscaled Al4Ca particles occurred and the mean grain size reached 35 nm. Annealing also significantly decreased electrical resistivity, but it remained much higher than that of nanostructured pure Al, due to Al/Al4Ca interfaces that reflect or trap more than 85% of electrons.
Parts of Quantum States
Creators: name: Jones, Nick S.
name: Linden, Noah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that generic N-party pure quantum states (with equidimensional subsystems) are uniquely determined by their reduced states of just over half the parties; in other words, all the information in almost all N-party pure states is in the set of reduced states of just over half the parties. For N even, the reduced states in fewer than N/2 parties are shown to be an insufficient description of almost all states (similar results hold when N is odd). It is noted that Real Algebraic Geometry is a natural framework for any analysis of parts of quantum states: two simple polynomials, a quadratic and a cubic, contain all of their structure. Algorithmic techniques are described which can provide conditions for sets of reduced states to belong to pure or mixed states.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 1 of Towards a fasting-mimicking diet for critically ill patients: the pilot randomized crossover ICU-FM-1 study
Creators: name: Dyck, Lisa Van
name: Vanhorebeek, Ilse
name: Wilmer, Alexander
name: Schrijvers, An
name: Derese, Inge
name: Mebis, Liese
name: Wouters, Pieter J.
name: Berghe, Greet Van Den
name: Gunst, Jan
name: Casaer, Michaël P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. (VanDyck-ICU-FM-additional_table1). Calculation of caloric target. Description of data: Formula used to calculate the caloric target.
Técnica de alporquia: como multiplicar suas plantas de forma eficiente
Creators: name: Popoff, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: jornalismo rural
agricultura familiar

description: Quem aprecia jardinagem ou se dedica ao cultivo de plantas e árvores frutíferas geralmente está familiarizado com os métodos convencionais de plantio, seja por meio de sementes ou utilizando mudas. No entanto, há uma técnica menos conhecida, porém fascinante, para realizar esse propósito: a técnica de alporquia.

A alporquia é um método rápido para clonar uma árvore a partir de uma planta já estabelecida. Diferentemente do plantio realizado com sementes, essa técnica é capaz de gerar uma cópia exata da planta-mãe. Tudo o que é necessário é um pouco de prática e dedicação.

Se você tem interesse no assunto e deseja aprender mais sobre como e quando realizar a alporquia, continue conosco ao longo deste artigo. Vamos começar?
Making Neural Networks Interpretable with Attribution: Application to Implicit Signals Prediction
Creators: name: Afchar, Darius
name: Hennequin, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Explaining recommendations enables users to understand whether recommended items are relevant to their needs and has been shown to increase their trust in the system. More generally, if designing explainable machine learning models is key to check the sanity and robustness of a decision process and improve their efficiency, it however remains a challenge for complex architectures, especially deep neural networks that are often deemed "black-box". In this paper, we propose a novel formulation of interpretable deep neural networks for the attribution task. Differently to popular post-hoc methods, our approach is interpretable by design. Using masked weights, hidden features can be deeply attributed, split into several input-restricted sub-networks and trained as a boosted mixture of experts. Experimental results on synthetic data and real-world recommendation tasks demonstrate that our method enables to build models achieving close predictive performances to their non-interpretable counterparts, while providing informative attribution interpretations.
description: 14th ACM Conference on Recommender Systems (RecSys '20)
Computerised Cognitive Training in Cognitively Healthy Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Component Network Meta-Analysis [Thesis]
Creators: name: Lampit, Amit
name: Launder, Nathalie
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: BIOM30003 thesis by Nathalie H Launder
Trapping, cooling, and photodissociation analysis of state-selected H$\_2^+$ ions produced by (3+1) multiphoton ionization
Creators: name: Schmidt, Julian
name: Louvradoux, Thomas
name: Heinrich, Johannes
name: Sillitoe, Nicolas
name: Simpson, Malcolm
name: Karr, Jean-Philippe
name: Hilico, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the production of cold, state-selected H$_2^+$ molecular ions in a linear RF trap. The ions are produced by (3+1) resonance-enhanced multi-photon ionisation (REMPI) of H$_2$, and sympathetically cooled by laser-cooled Be$^+$ ions. After demonstrating and characterizing the REMPI process, we use photodissociation by a deep UV laser at 213~nm to verify the high vibrational purity of the produced H$_2^+$ ion samples. Moreover, the large difference between the photodissociation efficiencies of ions created in the $v=0$ and $v=1$ levels provides a way to detect a $v=0 \to 1$ transition. These results pave the way towards high-resolution vibrational spectroscopy of H$_2^+$ for fundamental metrology applications.
Field Theory Methods in Classical Dynamics
Creators: name: Manoukian, E. B.
name: Yongram, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Dirac picture perturbation theory is developed for the time evolution operator in classical dynamics in the spirit of the Schwinger-Feynman-Dyson perturbation expansion and detailed rules are derived for computations. Complexification formalisms are given for the time evolution operator suitable for phase space analyses, and then extended to a two-dimensional setting for a study of the geometrical Berry phase as an example. Finally a direct integration of Hamilton's equations is shown to lead naturally to a path integral expression, as a resolution of the identity, as applied to arbitrary functions of generalized coordinates and momenta.
description: LaTeX, 14 pages, no figure, misprints corrected
An all-sky optical catalogue of radio / X-ray sources
Creators: name: Flesch, E.
name: Hardcastle, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an all-sky catalogue that aligns and overlays the ROSAT HRI, RASS, PSPC and WGA X-ray catalogues and the NVSS, FIRST and SUMSS radio catalogues onto the optical APM and USNO-A catalogues. Objects presented are those APM/USNO-A optical objects which are calculated with >= 40% confidence to be associated with radio/X-ray detections, or which are identified as known QSOs, AGN or BL Lacs, totalling 501,761 objects in all, including 48,285 QSOs and 21,498 double radio lobe detections. For each radio/X-ray associated optical object we display the calculated percentage probabilities of its being a QSO, galaxy, star, or erroneous radio/X-ray association, plus any identification from the literature. The catalogue includes 86,009 objects which were not previously identified and which we list as being 40% to >99% likely to be a QSO. As a byproduct of the construction of this catalogue, we are able to list comprehensive ROSAT field shifts as determined by our whole-sky likelihood algorithm, and also plate-by-plate photometric recalibration of the complete APM and USNO-A2.0 optical catalogues, significantly improving accuracy for objects of >15 mag. The catalogue is available wholly and in subsets at http://quasars.org/qorg-data.htm
description: 33 pages, accepted for A&A (first 6 pages only for print version). Some figures reduced in quality: full-quality PDF at http://www.quasars.org/qorg-paper.pdf
A LAND DEMAND AND SUPPLY SYSTEM WITH ENDOGENOUS LAND PRICES IN THE CAPRI AGRICULTURAL SECTOR MODEL
Creators: name: Adenauer, Marcel
name: Britz, Wolfgang
name: Adenauer, Marcel
name: Britz, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Land use change
subject: CAPRI
subject: agricultural sector modelling
subject: land market

description: Questions about land use change induced by policies impacting the agricultural sector such as bio-fuel mandates have clearly raised the interest of understanding to which extent changes in agricultural productions stem from the extensive margins – expansion of agricultural land cover – or from the intensive margin – changes in the special intensity which increase yields or stocking rates. Agricultural sector models being able to answer these questions in a consistent manner are still rare. In this paper, we develop a land demand and supply system with endogenous land prices in the CAPRI agricultural sector model.
Benefits of temporal information for appearance-based gaze estimation
Creators: name: Palmero, Cristina
name: Komogortsev, Oleg V.
name: Talathi, Sachin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: State-of-the-art appearance-based gaze estimation methods, usually based on deep learning techniques, mainly rely on static features. However, temporal trace of eye gaze contains useful information for estimating a given gaze point. For example, approaches leveraging sequential eye gaze information when applied to remote or low-resolution image scenarios with off-the-shelf cameras are showing promising results. The magnitude of contribution from temporal gaze trace is yet unclear for higher resolution/frame rate imaging systems, in which more detailed information about an eye is captured. In this paper, we investigate whether temporal sequences of eye images, captured using a high-resolution, high-frame rate head-mounted virtual reality system, can be leveraged to enhance the accuracy of an end-to-end appearance-based deep-learning model for gaze estimation. Performance is compared against a static-only version of the model. Results demonstrate statistically-significant benefits of temporal information, particularly for the vertical component of gaze.
description: In ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications (ETRA), 2020