Epeorus (Epeorus) unicornutus Braasch 2006
Creators: name: Vasanth, M.
name: Selvakumar, C.
name: Subramanian, K. A.
name: Sivaramakrishnan, K. G.
name: Sinha, Bikramjit
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Ephemeroptera
Heptageniidae
Epeorus
Epeorus unicornutus

description: <i>Epeorus</i> (<i>Epeorus</i>) <i>unicornutus</i> Braasch, 2006a (Figs 35–49) <b>Material examined:</b> 2 larvae, INDIA, Arunachal Pradesh, Lower Subansiri district, Pa stream 27.74791 N, 94.0346 E, 284.2 m, 14.vi.2017, colls. K. A. Subramanian and M. Vasanth [ZSI/ SRC-I / E 287]; 2 larvae, INDIA, Arunachal Pradesh, West Kameng district, Dirang, Showda village, Dirang river, 27.3267528 N, 92.231802 E, 1877 m, 13.iii.2018, coll. Bikramjit Sinha [ZSI/ SRC-I / E 296]; 2 larvae, INDIA, Arunachal Pradesh, Lower Dibang valley district, Roing, Iphipani river, 28.18728 N, 95.84094 E, 488 m, 04.iv.2016, coll. Santabala &amp; Party [ZSI/ SRC-I / E 309]. <b>Description:</b> Mature larva: Body length 11.8 mm; length of cerci 12 mm. Body generally pale brown. (Fig. 35). <b>Head:</b> Length 1.9 mm, width 2.8 mm; pale brown (Fig. 35); subrectangular; anterior and lateral margins convex, with rows of dense hair-like setae directed anteriorly; posterior margin slightly concave. Compound eyes blackish, antennal scape, pedicels and flagellum pale brown. Labrum wide, dark brown, anterior margin with 11–12 denticles, long hair-like setae laterally (Fig. 39). Hypopharynx as in Fig. 40. Mandible brown with scattered setae along the molar area; incisor serrated; outer incisor longer than inner incisor (Figs 41– 42). Maxilla as in Fig. 43. Labium: glossae broad with V-shaped separation, subtriangular; paraglossae slightly expanded laterally; apical segment of palp pointed, dorsal surface with dense row of comb setae (Fig. 44). <b>Thorax:</b> Pronotum pale brown; mesonotum light brown (Fig. 35). Femora light brown with distinct patches; dorsal surface of all femora with two brown maculae medially (Fig. 45) and stout setae (Fig. 45A); femora of distal end with a prominent pointed spine on all legs (Fig. 45). Claw with 4 denticles (Fig. 46). <b>Abdomen:</b> Abdominal terga pale brown without special marks (Fig. 35); posterior margin of abdominal terga I–X each with a row of spines (Figs 37– 38); terga II–X with a single acute median and medially prominent pointed spine (Fig. 35); tergum X with short spines with minute hair-like setae on posterior margin (Fig. 38); terga II–VII with long posterolateral extensions (Fig. 36); sterna pale with brown markings of oblique stripes medially and medio-lateral stripes laterally. Lamellae of gill I somewhat extended beneath of abdomen (Fig. 47). Gills II–VII with anal rib straight (Figs 48–49); gill faces with exception of marginal parts brownish tinged with black. Cerci with row of small hair-like setae dorsally. <b>Diagnosis:</b> The larva of <i>Epeorus</i> (<i>E.</i>) <i>unicornutus</i> can be distinguished from other species of this genus by the following combination of characters: (i) posterior margin of abdominal terga I–X each with a row of spines (Fig. 35); (ii) terga II–IX each with acute median and medially prominent pointed spine (Figs 35–38); (iii) tergum X with short spines with minute hair-like setae on posterior margin (Fig. 38) and (iv) anterior margin of labrum with 11–12 denticles (Fig. 39). <b>Distribution:</b> Nepal, Thailand and India (Arunachal Pradesh). <b>Remarks:</b> The larva of this species was described from Nepal by Braasch (2006a) and reported from Thailand by Boonsoong and Braasch (2013); we provide a supplementary larval description based on our material, which represents the first record of the species for India.
description: Published as part of <i>Vasanth, M., Selvakumar, C., Subramanian, K. A., Sivaramakrishnan, K. G. &amp; Sinha, Bikramjit, 2021, Contribution to the study of Epeorus Eaton, 1881 (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) from India, pp. 499-522 in Zootaxa 4991 (3)</i> on pages 503-508, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4991.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/5042522
description: {"references": ["Braasch, D. (2006 a) Neue Eintagsfliegen der Gattungen Epeorus und Iron aus dem Himalaja (Ephemeroptera, Heptageniidae). Entomologische Nachrichten und Berichte, 50 (1 - 2), 79 - 88.", "Boonsoong, B. &amp; Braasch, D. (2013) Heptageniidae (Insecta, Ephemeroptera) of Thailand. ZooKeys, 272, 61 - 93. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 272.3638"]}