cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Joint evolution of spatial integration and product segmentation on agricultural markets: the case of cereals in Mali
Creators: name: Aubert, Magali
name: Bignebat, Celine
name: Egg, Johny
name: Aubert, Magali
name: Bignebat, Celine
name: Egg, Johny
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: product differentiation
subject: co- integration
subject: cereals
subject: Mali

description: Within the context of liberalisation experienced by the Malian economy since the beginning of the 1990s, spatial integration of cereal markets has been considered as a major tool as to avoid localised shortages due to production shortfalls. However, market dynamic reveals since then new patterns: the diversification of urban consumer demand towards "modern cereals", in particular rice and maize, drives the segmentation of the cereal market. As consumer s are likely to substitute traditional cereals, like millet and sorghum, for other cereal types, new market segments emerge. We account for this evolution with a theoretical model à la Hotelling : the good is considered according to two characteristics, the spatial localisation (local market) and the cereal type. We show that, as far as market integration implies the reduction of transaction, it affects the strategic decisions of sellers. In fact, incentives to invest in product differentiation (and exploit new market segments) rises relatively to the incentives to take advantage of spatial price differentials, as they decrease. Last, we test this analytical proposition on price data collected by the agricultural market information system (SIM/PAM) from 1990 to 2004 on 6 local markets in central and northern Mali. We apply a vector error - correction model, and find evidence for the intensification of spatial co- integration relations during the period. Moreover, we relate this latter dynamics to the evolution towards the segmentation of cereal markets in Mali. Last, the leader markets of this progression are identified as being the central urban markets.
Ubiquity of the spin-orbit induced magnon nonreciprocity in ultrathin ferromagnets
Creators: name: von Faber, Albrecht
name: Hins, Christopher
name: Zakeri, Khalil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of magnons along a symmetry path may depend on the direction of propagation, similar to many other quasiparticles in nature. This phenomenon is commonly referred to as nonreciprocity. In addition to the fact that it is of great interest to understand the fundamental physical mechanism leading to this nonreciprocal propagation, the phenomenon of magnon nonreciprocity may be used to design magnon-based logic devices. Recently, it has been demonstrated that a significantly large spin-orbit coupling can lead to giant nonreciprocity of exchange-dominated terahertz magnons, when they are excited by means of spin-polarized electrons [Phys.~Rev.~Lett.~\textbf{132},~126702~(2024)]. Here, by providing experimental results on two additional systems we demonstrate the generality of the observed phenomenon. Comparing the results of a Co/Ni bilayer on Ir(001) to those of a Co double layer on Ir(001) and W(110) we unravel the impact of the interfacial electronic hybridization on the observed phenomenon and provide further insights into the microscopic mechanism leading to this nonreciprocal magnon excitation. It was observed that the interfacial electronic hybridization is of some importance but is not crucial for the magnon nonreciprocity. This is an important observation since the electronic hybridization is known to be a key aspect in the determination of the magnetic properties at the interface. On the other hand the choice of the incident energy of the incoming electron beam is decisive for the observation of the effect. Our results indicate that depending on the energy of the incident electron beam and the scattering geometry the magnon nonreciprocity can be tuned and even be inverted for some ranges of the magnon momentum.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Cointegration analysis of wine export prices for France, Greece and Turkey
Creators: name: Mencet, M. Nisa
name: Firat, M. Ziya
name: Sayin, Cengiz
name: Mencet, M. Nisa
name: Firat, M. Ziya
name: Sayin, Cengiz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Cointegration Analysis
subject: Error Correction Model (ECM)
subject: Wine Export Prices
subject: Real Exchange Rates
subject: Wine Market

description: Mediterranean countries have noticeable affect on the world wine exportation. Among these countries France, Greece and Turkey are selected for this study because of different wine market, trade systems and wine policies they have. In this study, cointegration analysis was conducted for real wine export prices and real exchange rates for France, Greece and Turkey. The long term relationships between real exchange rates and real wine export values were explored by using cointegration analysis. Annual data from 1970 to 2003 was used for this analysis and the data sets were found to be integrated of the same order. It was also found that they move together in the long run by Johansen Cointegration Test. Then, Error Correction Model (ECM) was applied to search any short term relations and impacts of exchange rate variations on wine exports. French and Greek monetary policies affect their wine export volume by the years. Therefore, any depreciation of local currency in dollar terms will lead to increase of exports vice versa. On the other hand, Turkish wine real export value and real exchange rate were found not cointegrated. Since, there was not any cointegrated vector, any exchange rate volatility do not influence Turkish real export wine value. Subsequently, the reasons of wine market failures in these countries and pursued policies were discussed.
EU dairy policy and WTO negotiations
Creators: name: Bouamra-Mechemache, Zohra
name: Requillart, Vincent
name: Bouamra-Mechemache, Zohra
name: Requillart, Vincent
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: WTO
subject: agricultural policy
subject: dairy industry
subject: partial equilibrium model

description: The EU dairy sector is facing a period of significant changes that are due to three major decisions : the EU enlargement, the Luxemburg reform and on-going WTO negotiations. In this paper, we focus on the analysis of changes in both domestic and trade dairy policies using a spatial model of the dairy sector that includes EU25 member countries, the modelling of the rest of the world including the main world dairy exporter (Oceania) and 4 importing areas (Africa, America, Asia and the Rest of Europe). The paper provides detailed results with respect to dairy markets in the EU. We show that in the context of the Luxemburg reform, the WTO might have positive impacts on EU milk price. The positive impact on EU milk price of a reduction of the tariffs in the importing countries exceeds the negative one of removing export subsidies as well as lowering EU import tariffs. We explore the sensitivity of the results to alternative assumptions on demand for dairy products, EU competitiveness and price transmission in the dairy chain.
Food retailing and prices in Slovenia
Creators: name: Bojnec, Stefan
name: Bojnec, Stefan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Segmentation
subject: Price Adjustments
subject: Slovenia.

description: This paper focuses on agro- food chains and agro- food consumer prices in Slovenia considering its European Union (EU) membership. As the Slovenian agro- food markets were distorted prior to the EU accession with some agro- food prices that were greater than comparable EU prices, the empirical results confirm that with the EU membership Slovenian real agro- food consumer prices have largely downward adjusted. Besides policy changes, internalization of retailing and distribution chains by entries of supermarket s and hypermarket s have had impacts on market structures and rationalization of marketing activities. Supermarket s and hypermarket s are taking over a substantial proportion of retail trade in agro- food products with implications on increasing food chains efficiency by squeezing structures in consumer prices, including for farmers, processors and marketing margins for main agro- food staples. After the greater price adjustment changes that occurred by the EU membership, some stabilizations in agro- food markets are occurring, but at different levels of real consumer and producer prices and marketing margins. This imply that agro- food markets in the new EU member states are becoming much more integrated into internationally competitive markets, where pricing and sales promotion issues and branding are taking important role in market segmentation of agro- food products.
Strong photo-absorption by a single quantum wire in waveguide-transmission spectroscopy
Creators: name: Takahashi, Yasushi
name: Hayamizu, Yuhei
name: Itoh, Hirotake
name: Yoshita, Masahiro
name: Akiyama, Hidefumi
name: Pfeiffer, Loren N.
name: West, Ken W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measured the absorption spectrum of a single T-shaped, 14x6 nm lateral-sized quantum wire embedded in an optical waveguide using waveguide-transmission spectroscopy at 5 K. In spite of its small volume, the one-dimensional-exciton ground state shows a large absorption coefficient of 80 /cm, or a 98 % absorption probability for a single pass of the 500-um-long waveguide.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
METHODOLOGY OF AN IPM IMPACT ASSESSMENT: DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF A PROTOCOL IN MICHIGAN TART CHERRIES
Creators: name: Williams, Mollie B.
name: Williams, Mollie B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: An integrated pest management (IPM) impact assessment protocol was applied to the IPM program for tart cherries in Northwest Lower Michigan. Four pest management scenarios were developed for typical tart cherry growers in the region, the level of adoption of each of the 91 scenarios was determined, and the profitability and environmental and human health effects from adoption of each of the scenarios was assessed. Data was collected through personal inter-views with IPM specialists in tart cherries in the Northwest Lower Michigan region and using secondary data sources. Analysis of the different pest management scenarios revealed that a moderate amount of IPM adoption yielded the best profitability and environmental and human health results. The analysis highlighted the usefulness of the protocol as an IPM assessment tool and emphasized key areas where improvements in the protocol could be made, namely in improving the methods of data collection.
Hamiltonian structures of fermionic two-dimensional Toda lattice hierarchies
Creators: name: Gribanov, V. V.
name: Kadyshevsky, V. G.
name: Sorin, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By exhibiting the corresponding Lax pair representations we propose a wide class of integrable two-dimensional (2D) fermionic Toda lattice (TL) hierarchies which includes the 2D N=(2|2) and N=(0|2) supersymmetric TL hierarchies as particular cases. We develop the generalized graded R-matrix formalism using the generalized graded bracket on the space of graded operators with involution generalizing the graded commutator in superalgebras, which allows one to describe these hierarchies in the framework of the Hamiltonian formalism and construct their first two Hamiltonian structures. The first Hamiltonian structure is obtained for both bosonic and fermionic Lax operators while the second Hamiltonian structure is established for bosonic Lax operators only.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX, the talks delivered at the International Workshop on Classical and Quantum Integrable Systems (Dubna, January 24 - 28, 2005) and International Conference on Theoretical Physics (Moscow, April 11 - 16, 2005)
Choose your own training adventure: designing a gamified SETA artefact for improving information security and privacy through interactive storytelling
Creators: name: Dincelli, Ersin
name: InduShobha Chengalur-Smith
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Online self-disclosure (OSD) on social networking sites can leave individuals and organisations vulnerable to security threats. Following a design science research (DSR) method, we created a gamified, “choose your own adventure” style security education, training, and awareness (SETA) artefact using two formats: text and visual. Both artefacts were designed to identify the security threats that trainees are most susceptible to, debrief them about the threat and its potential consequences, and facilitate behaviour change by letting trainees re-evaluate their decisions. Using a longitudinal randomised controlled experiment, we compared these two artefacts to no intervention and traditional security warning emails by assessing both instrumental (changes in attitudes, intentions, and OSD behaviour) and experiential (memorability and user experience) outcomes. Our survey of 1,718 employees showed that the text-based artefact was better at improving instrumental outcomes, and the visual-based artefact was better at improving experiential outcomes. This study provides a more granular understanding of the linkages between technology artefacts and human experiences through the application of design science thinking. The findings contribute to DSR by developing design principles, testable propositions, and realistic performance evaluation metrics for gamified SETA artefacts, and present practical recommendations for regulating employees’ information security and privacy behaviours inside and outside the workplace.
Density matrix renormalization group approach of the spin-boson model
Creators: name: Wong, Hang
name: Chen, Zhi-De
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a density matrix renormalization group approach to tackle a two-state system coupled to a bosonic bath with continuous spectrum. In this approach, the optimized phonon scheme is applied to several hundred phonon modes which are divided linearly among the spectrum. Although DMRG cannot resolve very small energy scales, the delocalized-localized transition points of the two-state system are extracted by the extrapolation of the flow diagram results. The phase diagram is compared with the numerical renormalization group results and shows good agreement in both Ohmic and sub-Ohmic cases.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
3+1 Formulation of the Standard-Model Extension Gravity Sector
Creators: name: O'Neal-Ault, Kellie
name: Bailey, Quentin G.
name: Nilsson, Nils A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a 3+1 formulation of the effective field theory framework called the Standard-Model Extension in the gravitational sector. The explicit local Lorentz and diffeomorphism symmetry breaking assumption is adopted and we perform a Dirac-Hamiltonian analysis. We show that the structure of the dynamics presents significant differences from General Relativity and other modified gravity models. We explore Hamilton's equations for some special choices of the coefficients. Our main application is cosmology and we present the modified Friedmann equations for this case. The results show some intriguing modifications to standard cosmology. In addition, we compare our results to existing frameworks and models and we comment on the potential impact to other areas of gravitational theory and phenomenology.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures. Matches published version
FARM MANAGEMENT EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM IN THE U.S. AND THAILAND
Creators: name: Saiprasert, Prayong
name: Saiprasert, Prayong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1970
Subjects: Farm Management
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: In the early agricultural period in the United States, land and labor represented about 85 percent of all resources used, farms tended to be small, farmers had limited skill and experience in managing their farms. Each farmer produced food for himself and his family. Capital inputs represented about 15 percent of the total. About 5 decades ago a big change began in U.S. agriculture. The combined programs in research and education of the USDA and the Land-Grant Colleges resulted in discoveries of improved varieties of seeds and livestock, hybrid seed, fertilizer, new machinery, chemicals for diseases, and weed and insect control. The educational program provided modern agricultural information to farmers through extension workers. With changes in technology U.S. agriculture has grown more efficient, farms are more highly capitalized, mechanized and productive. Large quantities of capital are required to substitute for land and labor. One farmer can produce enough food to feed himself and in 1966 thirty nine and a half persons. Changing technology in agriculture has affected size of farms, number of farms, capital requirements and management.
Lefever, Ernest W.: Weltkirchenrat und Dritte Welt
Creators: name: Müller-Römheld, Walter
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 30 Nr. 4 (1981): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 30, Heft 4
A Chandra/ACIS Study of 30 Doradus I. Superbubbles and Supernova Remnants
Creators: name: Townsley, L. K.
name: Broos, P. S.
name: Feigelson, E. D.
name: Brandl, B. R.
name: Chu, Y. -H.
name: Garmire, G. P.
name: Pavlov, G. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an X-ray tour of diffuse emission in the 30 Doradus star-forming complex in the Large Magellanic Cloud using high-spatial-resolution X-ray images and spatially-resolved spectra obtained with the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer aboard the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The dominant X-ray feature of the 30 Doradus nebula is the intricate network of diffuse emission generated by interacting stellar winds and supernovae working together to create vast superbubbles filled with hot plasma. We construct maps of the region showing variations in plasma temperature (T = 3--9 million degrees), absorption (N_H = 1--6 x 10^{21} cm^{-2}), and absorption-corrected X-ray surface brightness (S_X = 3--126 x 10^{31} ergs s^{-1} pc^{-2}). Enhanced images reveal the pulsar wind nebula in the composite supernova remnant N157B and the Chandra data show spectral evolution from non-thermal synchrotron emission in the N157B core to a thermal plasma in its outer regions. In a companion paper we show that R136, the central massive star cluster, is resolved at the arcsecond level into almost 100 X-ray sources. Through X-ray studies of 30 Doradus the complete life cycle of such a massive stellar cluster can be revealed.
description: 42 pages, 15 bitmapped figures, 4 tables; accepted to AJ
LG-VQ: Language-Guided Codebook Learning
Creators: name: Liang, Guotao
name: Zhang, Baoquan
name: Wang, Yaowei
name: Li, Xutao
name: Ye, Yunming
name: Wang, Huaibin
name: Luo, Chuyao
name: Ye, Kola
name: Luo, linfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Vector quantization (VQ) is a key technique in high-resolution and high-fidelity image synthesis, which aims to learn a codebook to encode an image with a sequence of discrete codes and then generate an image in an auto-regression manner. Although existing methods have shown superior performance, most methods prefer to learn a single-modal codebook (\emph{e.g.}, image), resulting in suboptimal performance when the codebook is applied to multi-modal downstream tasks (\emph{e.g.}, text-to-image, image captioning) due to the existence of modal gaps. In this paper, we propose a novel language-guided codebook learning framework, called LG-VQ, which aims to learn a codebook that can be aligned with the text to improve the performance of multi-modal downstream tasks. Specifically, we first introduce pre-trained text semantics as prior knowledge, then design two novel alignment modules (\emph{i.e.}, Semantic Alignment Module, and Relationship Alignment Module) to transfer such prior knowledge into codes for achieving codebook text alignment. In particular, our LG-VQ method is model-agnostic, which can be easily integrated into existing VQ models. Experimental results show that our method achieves superior performance on reconstruction and various multi-modal downstream tasks.
description: Accepted by NeurIPS 2024
Integrated assessment of the ecological footprint of North America
Creators: name: Senbel, Maged
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Recently developed analytical tools provide opportunities for revisiting old questions of scarcity and ecological limits. This research combines ecological footprint analysis with integrated assessment modeling. It sets out to reveal which of the factors of human consumption and ecological productivity have the most significant effect on the ecological budget of North America over the next century. Three choice variables were used to project four possible future scenarios. Under these scenarios North America is likely to experience an exponentially increasing ecological deficit. Only one scenario, which assumes considerable reductions in consumption, is likely to yield an ecological surplus through the next century. Among the different consumption categories, food is by far the most significant.
Infrared extinction by homogeneous particle aggregates of SiC, FeO and SiO2: comparison of different theoretical approaches
Creators: name: Andersen, Anja C.
name: Mutschke, Harald
name: Posch, Thomas
name: Min, Michiel
name: Tamanai, Akemi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle shape and aggregation have a strong influence on the spectral profiles of infrared phonon bands of solid dust grains. Calculating these effects is difficult due to the often extreme refractive index values in these bands. In this paper, we use the Discrete Dipole Approximation (DDA) and the T-matrix method to compute the absorption band profiles for simple clusters of touching spherical grains. We invest reasonable amounts of computation time in order to reach high dipole grid resolutions and take high multi-polar orders into account, respectively. The infrared phonon bands of three different refractory materials of astrophysical relevance are considered - Silicon Carbide (SiC), Wustite (FeO) and Silicon Dioxide (SiO2). We demonstrate that even though these materials display a range of material properties and therefore different strengths of the surface resonances, a complete convergence is obtained with none of the approaches. For the DDA, we find a strong dependence of the calculated band profiles on the exact dipole distribution within the aggregates, especially in the vicinity of the contact points between their spherical constituents. By applying a recently developed method to separate the material optical constants from the geometrical parameters in the DDA approach, we are able to demonstrate that the most critical material properties are those where the real part of the refractive index is much smaller than unity.
description: Accepted for publication in the Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer (JQSRT)
Cloud Cover and Aurora Contamination at Dome A in 2017 from KLCAM
Creators: name: Yang, Xu
name: Shang, Zhaohui
name: Hu, Keliang
name: Hu, Yi
name: Ma, Bin
name: Wang, Yongjiang
name: Cao, Zihuang
name: Ashley, Michael C. B.
name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dome A in Antarctica has many characteristics that make it an excellent site for astronomical observations, from the optical to the terahertz. Quantitative site testing is still needed to confirm the site's properties. In this paper, we present a statistical analysis of cloud cover and aurora contamination from the Kunlun Cloud and Aurora Monitor (KLCAM). KLCAM is an automatic, unattended all-sky camera aiming for long-term monitoring of the usable observing time and optical sky background at Dome~A. It was installed at Dome~A in January 2017, worked through the austral winter, and collected over 47,000 images over 490 days. A semi-quantitative visual data analysis of cloud cover and auroral contamination was carried out by five individuals. The analysis shows that the night sky was free of cloud for 83 per cent of the time, which ranks Dome~A highly in a comparison with other observatory sites. Although aurorae were detected somewhere on an image for nearly 45 per cent of the time, the strongest auroral emission lines can be filtered out with customized filters.
description: 7 pages, 11 figures, published in MNRAS
Elicitation on determiners and transcription of creation story and coconut-planting
Creators: name: Rudolph, Johnny (Soni)
name: Drummond, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: nkr

description: One .wav audio file for an elicitation on determiners and transcription of a creation story and how to plant coconuts. Corresponds to pages 224-226 in Notebook 1.
Exact finite-size scaling of the maximum likelihood spectra in the quenched and annealed Sherrington-Kirkpatrick spin glass
Creators: name: Wang, Ding
name: Tang, Lei-Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fine resolution of the discrete eigenvalues at the spectral edge of an $N\times N$ random matrix is required in many applications. Starting from a finite-size scaling ansatz for the Stieltjes transform of the maximum likelihood spectrum, we demonstrate that the scaling function satisfies a first-order ODE of the Riccati type. Further transformation yields a linear second-order ODE for the characteristic function, whose nodes determine leading eigenvalues. Using this technique, we examine in detail the spectral crossover of the annealed Sherrington-Kirkpatrick (SK) spin glass model, where a gap develops below a critical temperature. Our analysis provides analytic predictions for the finite-size scaling of the spin condensation phenomenon in the annealed SK model, validated by Monte Carlo simulations. Deviation of scaling amplitudes from their predicted values is observed in the critical region due to eigenvalue fluctuations. More generally, rescaling the spectral axis, adjusted to the distance of neighboring eigenvalues, offers a powerful approach to handling singularities in the infinite size limit.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, Re-Submission to SciPost
A Chandra/ACIS Study of 30 Doradus II. X-ray Point Sources in the Massive Star Cluster R136 and Beyond
Creators: name: Townsley, L. K.
name: Broos, P. S.
name: Feigelson, E. D.
name: Garmire, G. P.
name: Getman, K. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the X-ray point source population of the 30 Doradus star-forming complex in the Large Magellanic Cloud using high-spatial-resolution X-ray images and spatially-resolved spectra obtained with the Advanced CCD Imaging Spectrometer (ACIS) aboard the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Here we describe the X-ray sources in a 17' x 17' field centered on R136, the massive star cluster at the center of the main 30 Dor nebula. We detect 20 of the 32 Wolf-Rayet stars in the ACIS field. R136 is resolved at the subarcsecond level into almost 100 X-ray sources, including many typical O3--O5 stars as well as a few bright X-ray sources previously reported. Over two orders of magnitude of scatter in L_X is seen among R136 O stars, suggesting that X-ray emission in the most massive stars depends critically on the details of wind properties and binarity of each system, rather than reflecting the widely-reported characteristic value L_X/L_bol ~ 10^{-7}. Such a canonical ratio may exist for single massive stars in R136, but our data are too shallow to confirm this relationship. Through this and future X-ray studies of 30 Doradus, the complete life cycle of a massive stellar cluster can be revealed.
description: 31 pages, 6 bitmapped figures, 5 tables; accepted to AJ
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF CAPITAL INTENSIVE AND LABOR INTENSIVE RICE IRRIGATED PERIMETERS IN THE SENEGAL RIVER VALLEY
Creators: name: Diallo, Mamadou Dian
name: Diallo, Mamadou Dian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Senegal is heavily dependent on imported food, particularly rice. During the late sixties and early seventies the Sahelian drought made the country painfully aware how dependent its agriculture is on rainfall. Irrigation and full water control systems along the major rivers became the "priority of priorities" in the recent Senegalese national plans. In the Senegal River Valley two major types of irrigation schemes had been implemented along the river valley since 1973: large scale and small scale irrigated perimeters. The objectives are to increase rice production and reduce dependence on foreign imports of rice. This paper analyzed the two types of irrigation schemes in the Senegal River Valley and compares the financial and economic cost of producing rice in each of them with the average CIF price of rice delivered to the capital city Dakar. The analysis shows that for large irrigated perimeters the economic and financial cost of locally produced rice delivered to Dakar range from 132 to 233 percent of the economic and financial average CIF price, respectively. For small perimeters the economic and financial costs are, respectively, 140 and 125 percent of the CIF prices. Costs for both large scale and small scale perimeters are relatively high for the following reasons: a) Senegal rice imports consist of broken milled rice from Southeast Asia which is the least expensive quality of rice on the world market; and b) Managerial problems which can be significantly improved if more consistent policies toward irrigated rice production are defined and applies, and if the land development agency concerned with the Senegal River Valley is reorganized.
On the Minimal Displacement Vector of the Douglas-Rachford Operator
Creators: name: Banjac, Goran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Douglas-Rachford algorithm can be represented as the fixed point iteration of a firmly nonexpansive operator. When the operator has no fixed points, the algorithm's iterates diverge, but the difference between consecutive iterates converges to the so-called minimal displacement vector, which can be used to certify infeasibility of an optimization problem. In this paper, we establish new properties of the minimal displacement vector, which allow us to generalize some existing results.
Dairy Producers’ Market Participation Decision and Volume of Milk Supply in Mekelle City, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Girmay, Hailay
name: Legesse, Belaineh
name: Ejigu, Abebe
name: Tajebe, Seare
name: Girmay, Hailay
name: Legesse, Belaineh
name: Ejigu, Abebe
name: Tajebe, Seare
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: milk sale decision
subject: Heckman selection model
subject: volume of milk supply

description: This study was intended to examine dairy producers’ market participation decision and volume of milk supply. Cross-sectional data was obtained from 220 sample households and analyzed using Heckman selection model. Heckman first-stage model result shows that age of household head, access to market information, access to extension service, contract agreement and accessibility of animal feed was positively determined dairy producers’ milk sale decision. Heckman second-stage model result shows that access to market information, market price, accessibility of animal feed and family size was positively determined volume of milk supply, whereas religion determined negatively. This implies that dairy producers capacity building, improving information delivery system and strengthen extension service are an optional solution to improve milk production and market supply decision.
title: Political Struggles around »Gender«
title: Decentering Queer Feminism (?)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Barát, Erzsébet
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Hungary
subject: genderism
subject: right-wing populism
subject: hegemonic masculinity
subject: queering solidarity
subject: Ungarn
subject: Genderismus
subject: rechter Populismus
subject: Hegemoniale Männlichkeit
subject: queering Solidarität
subject: 301 Soziologie und Anthropologie

description: This article focuses on the recent struggles around the concept of “gender” in the context of the anti-gender(ism) propaganda of the incumbent Hungarian right-wing populist regime since the year 2010. The government’s “war on gender” is discussed through the analysis of three legislative acts passed under the precarious conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim in their analysis is, on the one hand, to illuminate how a certain radical feminist discourse that self-identifies as a “gender critical” position has emerged, one simultaneously finding itself caught up in the official routine intimation of hate speech. On the other, it is to forge an intersectional position that may speak across this harmful internal division by shifting the critical gaze onto the shared enemy of hegemonic masculinity and to propose a trust-based queer solidarity.
description: Der Beitrag konzentriert sich auf die jüngsten Kämpfe um das Konzept "Gender", wie sie seit 2010 im Kontext der Anti-Gender(ismus)-Propaganda des amtierenden ungarischen rechtspopulistischen Regimes zu beobachten sind. Der "Krieg gegen Gender" der Regierung wird anhand von drei Gesetzen diskutiert, die unter den prekären Bedingungen der COVID-19-Pandemie verabschiedet wurden. Ziel der Analyse ist es, einerseits zu beleuchten, wie ein bestimmter radikaler feministischer Diskurs entstanden ist, der sich selbst als "geschlechterkritisch" bezeichnet und sich gleichzeitig in der offiziellen Rhetorik der Hassrede verfangen hat. Zum anderen geht es darum, eine intersektionale Position zu entwerfen, die ein Sprechen über interne Spaltungen hinweg erlaubt, indem der kritische Blick auf den gemeinsamen Feind der hegemonialen Männlichkeit gelenkt wird und das Konzept einer auf Vertrauen basierten queeren Solidarität entwickelt wird.
Comment on "A simple experiment to test Bell's inequality", J.-M. Vigoureux
Creators: name: Drezet, Aurelien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the above paper, it is claimed that with a particular use of the Bell inequality a simple single photon experiment could be performed to show the impossibility of any deterministic hidden variable theory in quantum optics. A careful analysis of the concept of probability for hidden variables and a detailed discussion of the hidden variable model of de Broglie-Bohm show that the reasoning and main conclusion of this paper are not correct.
description: 3pages, no figure, accepted for publication in Optics Communications. accepted for publication in Optics Communications
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE WEST OF IRELAND: A MARGINAL PRODUCTIVITY STUDY
Creators: name: Reidy, James A.
name: Reidy, James A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1972
Subjects: International Development
Productivity Analysis

description: This paper focuses on the impact of economic and demographic variables on agricultural productivity. The purpose of this study was to examine resource productivity on farms in selected areas of County Mayo. The returns to land, labor, livestock investment, and variable nonlabor costs were examined for possible resource misallocation. The impacts of age of decision maker and family size on gross output were also studied. Knowledge of the productivity of resources used in the production processes of farmers in County Mayo should be of interest to the farming community, extension agents, banks and lending agencies, policy makers, and all concerned with the development of agriculture in the west of Ireland.
First detection of collective oscillations of a stored deuteron beam with an amplitude close to the quantum limit
Creators: name: Slim, J.
name: Nikolaev, N. N.
name: Rathmann, F.
name: Wirzba, A.
name: Nass, A.
name: Hejny, V.
name: Pretz, J.
name: Soltner, H.
name: Abusaif, F.
name: Aggarwal, A.
name: Aksentev, A.
name: Andres, A.
name: Barion, L.
name: Ciullo, G.
name: Dymov, S.
name: Gebel, R.
name: Gaisser, M.
name: Grigoryev, K.
name: Grzonka, D.
name: Javakhishvili, O.
name: Kacharava, A.
name: Kamerdzhiev, V.
name: Karanth, S.
name: Keshelashvili, I.
name: Lehrach, A.
name: Lenisa, P.
name: Lomidze, N.
name: Lorentz, B.
name: Magiera, A.
name: Mchedlishvili, D.
name: Müller, F.
name: Pesce, A.
name: Poncza, V.
name: Prasuhn, D.
name: Saleev, A.
name: Shmakova, V.
name: Ströher, H.
name: Tabidze, M.
name: Tagliente, G.
name: Valdau, Y.
name: Wagner, T.
name: Weidemann, C.
name: Wrońska, A.
name: Żurek, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated coherent betatron oscillations of a deuteron beam in the storage ring COSY, excited by a detuned radio-frequency Wien filter. The beam oscillations were detected by conventional beam position monitors. With the currently available apparatus, we show that oscillation amplitudes down to \SI{1}{\micro \meter} can be detected. The interpretation of the response of the stored beam to the detuned radio-frequency Wien filter is based on simulations of the beam evolution in the lattice of the ring and realistic time-dependent 3D field maps of the Wien filter. Future measurements of the electric dipole moment of protons will, however, require control of the relative position of counter-propagating beams in the sub-picometer range. Since here the stored beam can be considered as a rarefied gas of uncorrelated particles, we moreover demonstrate that the amplitudes of the zero-point (ground state) betatron oscillations of individual particles are only a factor of about 10 larger than the Heisenberg uncertainty limit. As a consequence of this, we conclude that quantum mechanics does not preclude the control of the beam centroids to sub-picometer accuracy. The smallest Lorentz force exerted on a single particle that we have been able to determine is \SI{10}{aN}.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures
Social Work ›With Refugees‹ as a Site of Gendered Everyday Bordering
Creators: name: Odierna, Beatrice
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social Work
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Social Anthropology
subject: agency
subject: gender
subject: refugee reception
subject: Sozialarbeit
subject: Sozial- und Kulturanthropologie
subject: Handlungsmacht
subject: Gender
subject: Flüchtlingsaufnahme
subject: 301 Soziologie und Anthropologie

description: Recently, gendered images of people categorized as ›refugees‹ became ubiquitous in German media and also awakened many researchers interest. However, less attention has been paid to how gendered images of refugees are put into practice in daily life – also with regards to Social Work, notwithstanding its growing societal importance. Since 2015, many social organizations have become involved in the administration, accommodation and counselling of refugees. Often constituting their first point of contact with the German welfare system, they are both a target and an instrument for the implementation of (gendered) integration policies. As observed during ethnographic fieldwork (2020–2022), perceptions of gendered agency become increasingly important as markers of difference here. Against this background, I argue that Social Work with people categorized as ›refugees‹ can be considered an important site of gendered forms of ›everyday bordering‹. To support this argument, I present special programmes ›for refugee women*‹ as well as funding procedures as two examples of where ideas of gender (relations) and agency become intertwined in bordering processes.
description: Seit 2015 sind geschlechtsbezogene Bilder in der medialen Berichterstattung über geflüchtet kategorisierte Menschen in Deutschland allgegenwärtig und wurden auch in der Forschung viel beachtet. Wie diese Bilder im Alltag wirksam werden, steht bislang jedoch weniger im Fokus – auch im Hinblick auf die Soziale Arbeit, trotz ihrer wachsenden gesellschaftlichen Bedeutung. Seit 2015 begannen viele soziale Organisationen, sich in der Beratung, Unterbringung und Verwaltung von als geflüchtet kategorisierten Menschen zu engagieren. Da sie oft deren ersten Begegnungspunkt mit dem deutschen Wohlfahrtssystem bilden, wurden sie sowohl zum Ziel als auch zum Instrument (geschlechtsbezogener) Integrationspolitiken. Wie ich im Rahmen meiner ethnographischen Feldforschung beobachten konnte, bilden Vorstellungen geschlechtsbezogener Handlungsmacht als Differenzmarkierungen in diesem Kontext eine wichtige Rolle. Daher möchte ich argumentieren, dass die alltägliche Praxis der Sozialen Arbeit einen wichtigen Schauplatz vergeschlechtlichter Formen alltäglicher Grenzziehung bietet. Um dies zu verdeutlichen, werde ich im Folgenden insbesondere Angebote und Förderungsbemühungen von Sozialarbeiter*innen in den Blick nehmen, innerhalb derer Vorstellungen von Geschlecht(erbeziehungen) und Handlungsmacht als Teil von Grenzziehungsprozessen zum Tragen kommen.
ESTIMATION OF CROP YIELD VARIATION AND ITS USE IN FARM FINANCIAL PLANNING
Creators: name: Anibal, Mark E.
name: Anibal, Mark E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Agricultural Finance
Crop Production/Industries

description: Actual farm records were used to evaluate variation of crop yields for corn, wheat, and soybeans grown in Michigan. The assumption of yields being normally distribute with independent and constant variance was tested for all farms, farms characterized by soil groupings, and individual farms of a selected soil group. Sufficient evidence was not found to reject the assumption that yield variation is normally distributed with independent and constant variance when all farms were grouped together. Grouping farms by soil potential showed strong support for yields being independent and normally distributed. The assumption of constant variance had strong support for wheat, but was weak for corn. Analysis of individual farms for a selected soil group, suggested that farms having data sets with significant amounts of negative kurtosis or negative outliers could be better modeled by alternative distributions. Estimates for yield variation parameters were incorporated into planning tools used for predictive analysis.
EVALUATION OF OPPORTUNITIES AND PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED BY YOUNG U.S. PROFESSIONALS SEEKING CAREER INVOLVEMENT IN THE ECONOMICS OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: Senger, Larry
name: Senger, Larry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: International Development
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: In 1978, the American Agricultural Economics Association sponsored a study entitled "Needs and Strategies for Improving Training of Agricultural Economists for Work in International Agricultural Development." Major emphasis was placed on exploring two related topics. First, what can U.S. universities do to improve the training of future agricultural economists from LDC's for work in the agricultural development of their countries; and second, what can be done to increase the participation and contribution of young U.S. professionals trained to work in the economics of agricultural development in LDC's. It is generally recognized that it is desirable for LDC professionals to staff and direct their own programs to develop their agricultural sectors. This is an ideal towards which most LDC's are moving, but an ideal which has not yet been attained. It is reasonable to expect that in many developing countries much of the technical expertise required for development work will continue to come from the developed countries for at least the next two decades. The need to teach and advise LDC students in U.S. universities will also continue to exist.
Quasi-two-dimensional ferromagnetism in the triangular magnet EuAl$_{12}$O$_{19}$
Creators: name: Bastien, G.
name: Courtade, Q.
name: Eliáš, A.
name: Haidamak, T.
name: Proschek, P.
name: Dušek, M.
name: Priessnitz, J.
name: Baláž, P.
name: Colman, R. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report ferromagnetic ordering at $T_\mathrm {C}=1.3\,$K in the quasi-two dimensional magnet EuAl$_{12}$O$_{19}$ with large spins $S=7/2$. This ferromagnetic state was characterized by magnetization and specific heat measurements and the experimental results were compared with classical Monte Carlo simulations. They reveal a strong single ion anisotropy leading to an uniaxial spontaneous magnetization along the $c$ axis. Furthermore the application of a magnetic field in the hard magnetization plane $ab$ reduces the Curie temperature and it reaches zero temperature at a magnetic field of $μ_\mathrm{0} H_c \approx 0.5\,$T.