cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rapid identification and analysis of the major chemical constituents from the fruits of Sapindus mukorossi by HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS
Creators: name: Ling, Yun
name: Zhang, Qing
name: Zhong, Wenjuan
name: Chen, Mengping
name: Gong, Haonan
name: He, Shasha
name: Liang, Rong
name: Lv, Jiao
name: Song, Liyuan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: In the present work, high performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) has been used for the identification of the major chemical constituents from the fruits of Sapindus mukorossi. A total of 31 peaks were identified based on their accurate masses and fragmentation characteristics. Among these 9 acyclic sesquiterpene oligoglycosides and 8 triterpenoid saponins were reported from the fruits of Sapindus mukorossi for the first time. This study demonstrates the potential of HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS for analysis and identification of acyclic sesquiterpene oligoglycosides and triterpenoid saponins.
Density, habitat use, and daily activity patterns of the Red-rumped Agouti (Dasyprocta leporina) in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil
Creators: name: Ferreguetti, Atilla Colombo
name: Walfrido Moraes Tomas
name: Bergallo, Helena Godoy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: The Red-rumped Agouti (Dasyprocta leporina, Linnaeus, 1758) is considered common in areas where it occurs, and it is listed as Least Concern status in the IUCN red list; however, in recent decades it has been negatively affected by habitat loss and hunting. The conservation status needs to be updated since no recent studies have been conducted in the Atlantic Forest. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the density, occupancy and detectability of D. leporina in one of the larger Atlantic Forest remnants in Espírito Santo, Brazil, the Vale Natural Reserve (VNR). We surveyed four line transects between April 2013 and May 2014 to estimate density and abundance. To model occupancy probability, as well as to document activity pattern, we selected 39 sampling sites with one camera-trap each. Estimated density was 21 ± 3 individuals km–2 and estimated population size was 4935 ± 368 individuals. Occupancy increases with palm density, distance from forest edge, and canopy cover. Occupancy and detectability decreases with distance from water resources. Detectability increases with palm density. The results presented herein can be a starting point to support future action plans for the species, making predictions regarding the ecosystem and management and conservation of D. leporina.
Metasurface-based planar microlenses for SPAD pixels
Creators: name: Vaillant, Jérôme
name: Dilhan, Lucie
name: Ostrovsky, Alain
name: Abadie, Quentin
name: Masarotto, Lilian
name: Paquet, Romain
name: Cavelier, Mickaël
name: Bellegarde, Cyril
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present two design generations of metasurface-based planar microlenses implemented on Front-Side Illumination SPAD pixels. This kind of microlens is an alternative to conventional reflow microlens. It offers more degrees of freedom in term of design, especially the capability to design off-axis microlens to gather light around the SPAD photodiode. The two generations of microlenses have been fabricated on STMicroelectronics SPAD and characterized. We validated the sensitivity improvement offered by extended metasurface-based microlens. We also confirmed the impact of lithography capability on metasurface performances, highlighting the
Measurement of normalized differential $\mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}}$ cross sections in the dilepton channel from pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Normalized differential cross sections for top quark pair production are measured in the dilepton (e$^+$e$^-$, $μ^+μ^-$, and $μ^\mp$e$^\pm$) decay channels in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The measurements are performed with data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.1 fb$^{-1}$ using the CMS detector at the LHC. The cross sections are measured differentially as a function of the kinematic properties of the leptons, jets from bottom quark hadronization, top quarks, and top quark pairs at the particle and parton levels. The results are compared to several Monte Carlo generators that implement calculations up to next-to-leading order in perturbative quantum chromodynamics interfaced with parton showering, and also to fixed-order theoretical calculations of top quark pair production up to next-to-next-to-leading order.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/TOP-16-007/ (CMS Public Pages)
Measurement of the inclusive jet cross-sections in proton--proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}= $8 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inclusive jet production cross-sections are measured in proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=$8 TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. The total integrated luminosity of the analysed data set amounts to $20.2$ fb$^{-1}$. Double-differential cross-sections are measured for jets defined by the anti-$k_{t}$ jet clustering algorithm with radius parameters of $R=0.4$ and $R=0.6$ and are presented as a function of the jet transverse momentum, in the range between 70 GeV and 2.5 TeV and in six bins of the absolute jet rapidity, between 0 and 3.0. The measured cross-sections are compared to predictions of quantum chromodynamics, calculated at next-to-leading order in perturbation theory, and corrected for non-perturbative and electroweak effects. The level of agreement with predictions, using a selection of different parton distribution functions for the proton, is quantified. Tensions between the data and the theory predictions are observed.
description: 56 pages in total, author list starting page 40, 10 figures, 6 tables, published version, all figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2015-01
Organic log-domain integrator synapse
Creators: name: Hosseini, Mohammad Javad Mirshojaeian
name: Donati, Elisa
name: Indiveri, Giacomo
name: Nawrocki, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Synapses play a critical role in memory, learning, and cognition. Their main functions include converting pre-synaptic voltage spikes to post-synaptic currents, as well as scaling the input signal. Several brain-inspired architectures have been proposed to emulate the behavior of biological synapses. While these are useful to explore the properties of nervous systems, the challenge of making biocompatible and flexible circuits with biologically plausible time constants and tunable gain remains. Here, a physically flexible organic log-domain integrator synaptic circuit is shown to address this challenge. In particular, the circuit is fabricated using organic-based materials that are electrically active, offer flexibility and biocompatibility, as well as time constants (critical in learning neural codes and encoding spatiotemporal patterns) that are biologically plausible. Using a 10 nF synaptic capacitor, the time constant reached 126 ms and 221 ms before and during bending, respectively. The flexible synaptic circuit is characterized before and during bending, followed by studies on the effects of weighting voltage, synaptic capacitance, and disparity in pre-synaptic signals on the time constant.
description: Accepted by Advanced Electronic Materials (18 pages, 17 figures)
Characterization of pixel crosstalk and impact of Bayer patterning by quantum efficiency measurement
Creators: name: Vaillant, Jérôme
name: Mornet, Clémence
name: Decroux, Thomas
name: Hérault, Didier
name: Schanen, Isabelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Development of small pixels for high resolution image sensors implies a lot of challenges. A high level of performance should be guaranteed whereas the overall size must be reduced and so the degree of freedom in design and process. One key parameter of this constant improvement is the knowledge and the control of the crosstalk between pixels. In this paper, we present an advance in crosstalk characterization method based on the design of specific color patterns and the measurement of quantum efficiency. In a first part, we describe the color patterns designed to isolate one pixel or to simulate un-patterned colored pixels. These patterns have been implemented on test-chip and characterized. The second part deals with the characterization setup for quantum efficiency. Indeed, the use of spectral measurements allows us to discriminate pixels based on the color filter placed on top of them and to probe the crosstalk as a function of the depth in silicon, thanks to the photon absorption length variation with the wavelength. In the last part, results are presented showing the impact of color filters patterning, i.e. pixels in a Bayer pattern versus un-patterned pixels. The crosstalk directions and amplitudes are also analyzed in relation to pixel layout.
Longtime convergence of the Temperature-Accelerated Molecular Dynamics Method
Creators: name: Stoltz, Gabriel
name: Vanden-Eijnden, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equations of the temperature-accelerated molecular dynamics (TAMD) method for the calculations of free energies and partition functions are analyzed. Specifically, the exponential convergence of the law of these stochastic processes is established, with a convergence rate close to the one of the limiting, effective dynamics at higher temperature obtained with infinite acceleration. It is also shown that the invariant measures of TAMD are close to a known reference measure, with an error that can be quantified precisely. Finally, a Central Limit Theorem is proven, which allows the estimation of errors on properties calculated by ergodic time averages. These results not only demonstrate the usefulness and validity range of the TAMD equations, but they also permit in principle to adjust the parameter in these equations to optimize their efficiency.
The relationship between sense of community belonging and self-rated mental health among Canadians with mental or substance use disorders
Creators: name: Palis, Heather
name: Marchand, Kirsten
name: Oviedo-Joekes, Eugenia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: One-third of Canadians meet the criteria for a mental or substance use disorder at some point in their lifetime. While prevention and treatment efforts have been focused on the individual, studies suggest the importance of incorporating social and community factors. Aims: This study investigates the relationship between community belonging and self-rated mental health among Canadians with mental or substance use disorders. Methods: The Canadian Community Health Survey-Mental Health (2012) is a nationally representative survey of Canadians aged 15 years and older (n = 25,113). The present analytic sample is comprised of respondents reporting a mental or substance use disorder in the previous 12 months (n = 2628). The relationship between community belonging and self-rated mental health is depicted with a multivariable multinomial logistic regression model. Results: Self-rated mental health was reported as follows: poor or fair (38.1%); good (33.7%); and very good or excellent (28.2%). In the multivariable multinomial model, a positive relationship was observed. Those reporting very strong compared to very weak community belonging had an increased odds of better mental health. Conclusions: Findings indicate the importance of social and community-based interventions to effectively engage and retain individuals in services for the prevention and treatment of mental and substance use disorders.
Additional file 1 of Ancestry-specific associations identified in genome-wide combined-phenotype study of red blood cell traits emphasize benefits of diversity in genomics
Creators: name: Hodonsky, Chani J.
name: Baldassari, Antoine R.
name: Bien, Stephanie A.
name: Raffield, Laura M.
name: Highland, Heather M.
name: Sitlani, Colleen M.
name: Wojcik, Genevieve L.
name: Tao, Ran
name: Graff, Marielisa
name: Tang, Weihong
name: Thyagarajan, Bharat
name: Buyske, Steve
name: Fornage, Myriam
name: Hindorff, Lucia A.
name: Li, Yun
name: Lin, Danyu
name: Reiner, Alex P.
name: North, Kari E.
name: Loos, Ruth J. F.
name: Kooperberg, Charles
name: Avery, Christy L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Manhattan and Quantile-Quantile plots for individual RBC traits in the total study population. In Manhattan plots, previously reported loci (published index SNP reported p < 5E-08 within 500 kb of PAGE combined-phenotype lead SNP) are shown in purple; previously unreported loci with a PAGE lead SNP p < 5E-09 are shown in green. In Q-Q plots, all (black) p-values and p-values for variants > 500 kb from a previously reported significant variant for any RBC trait (blue) are both shown. Figure S2. Evidence of genetic associations shared across correlated RBC traits. X-axis: chromosome and position (top) and rsid (bottom) for each combined-phenotype lead SNP. Y-axis: trait-specific –log10(p-values), with increased intensity representing higher significance, for each combined-phenotype lead SNP. P-values scaled to a maximum –log10 value of 25 for improved interpretation. Figure S3. Locus-Zoom plots of the association between rs6573766 and RBCC in PAGE African Americans on an African American LD background (A), Hispanics/Latinos on a Hispanic/Latino LD background (B), and European Americans on a European LD background (C). Each point represents one SNP; x-axis: increasing position on chromosome 14 left to right; y-axis: -log10(p-value) of the association with MCH SNP correlation with the lead SNP (r2) is colored according to the legend in Figure S3A. Annotated Refseq genes proximal to the lead SNP are shown by position above the X axis. Figure S4. Locus-Zoom plot of the association between MCH (A) and MCV (B) and rs145548796 in the total MEGA study population. Each point represents one SNP; x-axis: increasing position on chromosome 6 left to right; y-axis: -log10(p-value) of the association with MCH SNP correlation with the lead SNP (r2) is colored according to the legend in Figure S4A. Annotated Refseq genes proximal to the lead SNP are shown by position above the X axis.
Your "Attention" Deserves Attention: A Self-Diversified Multi-Channel Attention for Facial Action Analysis
Creators: name: Li, Xiaotian
name: Li, Zhihua
name: Yang, Huiyuan
name: Zhao, Geran
name: Yin, Lijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Visual attention has been extensively studied for learning fine-grained features in both facial expression recognition (FER) and Action Unit (AU) detection. A broad range of previous research has explored how to use attention modules to localize detailed facial parts (e,g. facial action units), learn discriminative features, and learn inter-class correlation. However, few related works pay attention to the robustness of the attention module itself. Through experiments, we found neural attention maps initialized with different feature maps yield diverse representations when learning to attend the identical Region of Interest (ROI). In other words, similar to general feature learning, the representational quality of attention maps also greatly affects the performance of a model, which means unconstrained attention learning has lots of randomnesses. This uncertainty lets conventional attention learning fall into sub-optimal. In this paper, we propose a compact model to enhance the representational and focusing power of neural attention maps and learn the "inter-attention" correlation for refined attention maps, which we term the "Self-Diversified Multi-Channel Attention Network (SMA-Net)". The proposed method is evaluated on two benchmark databases (BP4D and DISFA) for AU detection and four databases (CK+, MMI, BU-3DFE, and BP4D+) for facial expression recognition. It achieves superior performance compared to the state-of-the-art methods.
Experimental quantum verification in the presence of temporally correlated noise
Creators: name: Mavadia, S.
name: Edmunds, C. L.
name: Hempel, C.
name: Ball, H.
name: Roy, F.
name: Stace, T. M.
name: Biercuk, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Growth in the complexity and capabilities of quantum information hardware mandates access to practical techniques for performance verification that function under realistic laboratory conditions. Here we experimentally characterise the impact of common temporally correlated noise processes on both randomised benchmarking (RB) and gate-set tomography (GST). We study these using an analytic toolkit based on a formalism mapping noise to errors for arbitrary sequences of unitary operations. This analysis highlights the role of sequence structure in enhancing or suppressing the sensitivity of quantum verification protocols to either slowly or rapidly varying noise, which we treat in the limiting cases of quasi-DC miscalibration and white noise power spectra. We perform experiments with a single trapped $^{171}$Yb$^{+}$ ion as a qubit and inject engineered noise ($\propto σ^z$) to probe protocol performance. Experiments on RB validate predictions that the distribution of measured fidelities over sequences is described by a gamma distribution varying between approximately Gaussian for rapidly varying noise, and a broad, highly skewed distribution for the slowly varying case. Similarly we find a strong gate set dependence of GST in the presence of correlated errors, leading to significant deviations between estimated and calculated diamond distances in the presence of correlated $σ^z$ errors. Numerical simulations demonstrate that expansion of the gate set to include negative rotations can suppress these discrepancies and increase reported diamond distances by orders of magnitude for the same error processes. Similar effects do not occur for correlated $σ^x$ or $σ^y$ errors or rapidly varying noise processes, highlighting the critical interplay of selected gate set and the gauge optimisation process on the meaning of the reported diamond norm in correlated noise environments.
description: Expanded and updated analysis of GST, including detailed examination of the role of gauge optimization in GST. Full GST data sets and supplementary information available on request from the authors. Related results available from http://www.physics.usyd.edu.au/~mbiercuk/Publications.html
Collapse of superconductivity in cuprates via ultrafast quenching of phase coherence
Creators: name: Boschini, F.
name: Neto, E. H. da Silva
name: Razzoli, E.
name: Zonno, M.
name: Peli, S.
name: Day, R. P.
name: Michiardi, M.
name: Schneider, M.
name: Zwartsenberg, B.
name: Nigge, P.
name: Zhong, R. D.
name: Schneeloch, J.
name: Gu, G. D.
name: Zhdanovich, S.
name: Mills, A. K.
name: Levy, G.
name: Jones, D. J.
name: Giannetti, C.
name: Damascelli, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of driving phase transitions in low-density condensates through the loss of phase coherence alone has far-reaching implications for the study of quantum phases of matter. This has inspired the development of tools to control and explore the collective properties of condensate phases via phase fluctuations. Electrically-gated oxide interfaces, ultracold Fermi atoms, and cuprate superconductors, which are characterized by an intrinsically small phase-stiffness, are paradigmatic examples where these tools are having a dramatic impact. Here we use light pulses shorter than the internal thermalization time to drive and probe the phase fragility of the Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+δ}$ cuprate superconductor, completely melting the superconducting condensate without affecting the pairing strength. The resulting ultrafast dynamics of phase fluctuations and charge excitations are captured and disentangled by time-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. This work demonstrates the dominant role of phase coherence in the superconductor-to-normal state phase transition and offers a benchmark for non-equilibrium spectroscopic investigations of the cuprate phase diagram.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures, Main Text and Supplementary Information
D5.5 (M12)- Report of "Framework for achieving import of sensitive data obtained from external sources and deployed infrastructure for ELIXIR BioContainers repository in secure compute environments" an ELIXIR Norway ELIXIR3 deliverable)
Creators: name: Vazquez Faci, Pavel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: research infrastructure
e-infrastructure
secure compute environment
biocontainers
trusted research environments

description: This report details the progress of Deliverable 5.5 "Framework for achieving import of sensitive data obtained from external sources and deployed infrastructure for ELIXIR BioContainers repository in secure compute environments", aimed at the import and integration of non-sensitive data sourced externally and the deployment of pre-built BioContainers into secure computing environments commonly known as Trusted Research Environment (TREs). The report outlines the current status, the challenges tackled, and the objectives defined for deploying a robust and efficient infrastructure.

Through the integration of BioContainers, a collection of containerised, open-source bioinformatics software packages, this deliverable further broadens the range of computational resources accessible to researchers, provided within a secure environment.
Daphne striata Tratt. and D. mezereum L.: a study of anti-proliferative activity towards human cancer cells and antioxidant properties
Creators: name: Tundis, Rosa
name: Loizzo, Monica R.
name: Bonesi, Marco
name: Peruzzi, Lorenzo
name: Efferth, Thomas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: In this study, we investigated for the first time the anti-proliferative and antioxidant properties of D. mezereum and D. striata. The aerial parts were extracted by maceration with n-hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol. MPLC, GC, and GC-MS were used for the phytochemical study. The anti-proliferative activity was tested against MCF-7, A549, LNCaP, ACHN, and C32 cancer human cells. The antioxidant activity was measured by employing β-carotene bleaching, ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP tests. The Relative Antioxidant Capacity Index (RACI) was applied from the perspective of statistics. D. mezereum dichloromethane extract showed a remarkable anti-proliferative with an IC50 of 6.08 μg/mL against LNCaP cells. Experimental data indicate that Daphne species have interesting anti-proliferative and antioxidant properties that deserve more investigations to develop novel antineoplastic drugs.
Temporal Markov Processes for Transport in Porous Media: Random Lattice Networks
Creators: name: Delgoshaie, Amir H.
name: Jenny, Patrick
name: Tchelepi, Hamdi A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of transport in random porous networks indicate that for high variances of the log-normal permeability distribution, the transport of a passive tracer is non-Fickian. Here we model this non-Fickian dispersion in random porous networks using discrete temporal Markov models. We show that such temporal models capture the spreading behavior accurately. This is true despite the fact that the slow velocities are strongly correlated in time, and some studies have suggested that the persistence of low velocities would render the temporal Markovian model inapplicable. Compared to previously proposed temporal stochastic differential equations with case specific drift and diffusion terms, the models presented here require fewer modeling assumptions. Moreover, we show that discrete temporal Markov models can be used to represent dispersion in unstructured networks, which are widely used to model porous media. A new method is proposed to extend the state space of temporal Markov models to improve the model predictions in the presence of extremely low velocities in particle trajectories and extend the applicability of the model to higher temporal resolutions. Finally, it is shown that by combining multiple transitions, temporal models are more efficient for computing particle evolution compared to correlated CTRW with spatial increments that are equal to the lengths of the links in the network.
Advanced Long-Content Speech Recognition With Factorized Neural Transducer
Creators: name: Gong, Xun
name: Wu, Yu
name: Li, Jinyu
name: Liu, Shujie
name: Zhao, Rui
name: Chen, Xie
name: Qian, Yanmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we propose two novel approaches, which integrate long-content information into the factorized neural transducer (FNT) based architecture in both non-streaming (referred to as LongFNT ) and streaming (referred to as SLongFNT ) scenarios. We first investigate whether long-content transcriptions can improve the vanilla conformer transducer (C-T) models. Our experiments indicate that the vanilla C-T models do not exhibit improved performance when utilizing long-content transcriptions, possibly due to the predictor network of C-T models not functioning as a pure language model. Instead, FNT shows its potential in utilizing long-content information, where we propose the LongFNT model and explore the impact of long-content information in both text (LongFNT-Text) and speech (LongFNT-Speech). The proposed LongFNT-Text and LongFNT-Speech models further complement each other to achieve better performance, with transcription history proving more valuable to the model. The effectiveness of our LongFNT approach is evaluated on LibriSpeech and GigaSpeech corpora, and obtains relative 19% and 12% word error rate reduction, respectively. Furthermore, we extend the LongFNT model to the streaming scenario, which is named SLongFNT , consisting of SLongFNT-Text and SLongFNT-Speech approaches to utilize long-content text and speech information. Experiments show that the proposed SLongFNT model achieves relative 26% and 17% WER reduction on LibriSpeech and GigaSpeech respectively while keeping a good latency, compared to the FNT baseline. Overall, our proposed LongFNT and SLongFNT highlight the significance of considering long-content speech and transcription knowledge for improving both non-streaming and streaming speech recognition systems.
description: Accepted by TASLP 2024
Understanding the Polyploidisation Process of Hexaploid Chrysanthemum
Creators: name: van Lieshout, Natascha
name: van Kaauwen, Martijn
name: Kodde, Linda
name: Arens, Paul
name: Smulders, René
name: Visser, Richard
name: Finkers, Richard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: genome assembly
nanopore
chrysanthemum
chloroplast

description: To shed light on the polyploidisation process of cultivated chrysanthemum we develop a high quality genome sequence of a diploid wild species as well as re-sequencing a selection of other possible progenitors of the current, economically important, hexaploid varieties. With a large and highly heterozygous genome even the diploids have to date proven difficult to assemble. Here we present a novel assembly based on long and short read sequencing technology and using polyploid aware assembly tools. We also provide some insight into how the species fit together into the larger chrysanthemum family.
Detecting and Triaging Spoofing using Temporal Convolutional Networks
Creators: name: Kularatnam, Kaushalya
name: Stathaki, Tania
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As algorithmic trading and electronic markets continue to transform the landscape of financial markets, detecting and deterring rogue agents to maintain a fair and efficient marketplace is crucial. The explosion of large datasets and the continually changing tricks of the trade make it difficult to adapt to new market conditions and detect bad actors. To that end, we propose a framework that can be adapted easily to various problems in the space of detecting market manipulation. Our approach entails initially employing a labelling algorithm which we use to create a training set to learn a weakly supervised model to identify potentially suspicious sequences of order book states. The main goal here is to learn a representation of the order book that can be used to easily compare future events. Subsequently, we posit the incorporation of expert assessment to scrutinize specific flagged order book states. In the event of an expert's unavailability, recourse is taken to the application of a more complex algorithm on the identified suspicious order book states. We then conduct a similarity search between any new representation of the order book against the expert labelled representations to rank the results of the weak learner. We show some preliminary results that are promising to explore further in this direction
Rydberg excitation of cold atoms inside a hollow core fiber
Creators: name: Langbecker, Maria
name: Noaman, Mohammad
name: Kjærgaard, Niels
name: Benabid, Fetah
name: Windpassinger, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a versatile, highly controllable hybrid cold Rydberg atom fiber interface, based on laser cooled atoms transported into a hollow core Kagomé crystal fiber. Our experiments are the first to demonstrate the feasibility of exciting cold Rydberg atoms inside a hollow core fiber and we study the influence of the fiber on Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) signals. Using a temporally resolved detection method to distinguish between excitation and loss, we observe two different regimes of the Rydberg excitations: one EIT regime and one regime dominated by atom loss. These results are a substantial advancement towards future use of our system for quantum simulation or information.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 supplementary material
Single Carrier Frequency Domain Detectors for Internet of Underwater Things
Creators: name: Aljanabi, Amer
name: Alluhaibi, Osama
name: Ahmed, Qasim Z.
name: Khan, Fahd A.
name: Waqas-Bin-Abbas
name: Lazaridis, Pavlos I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes low complexity detection for internet of underwater things (IoUT)s communication. The signal is transmitted from the source to the destination using several sensors. To simplify the computational operations at the transmitter and the sensory nodes, a single carrier frequency domain equalizer (SC-FDE) is proposed and amplify-and-forward (AF) protocols are employed. Fast Fourier transform (FFT) and use of cyclic prefix (CP) are also proposed to simplify these algorithms when compared to time-domain equalization. As precise channel data is difficult to capture in underwater communications, the adaptive implementation of FDE is proposed as a solution that can be employed when the channel experiences a fast doppler shift. The two adaptive detectors are based on the least mean-square (LMS) and recursive least square (RLS) principles. Numerical simulations show that the performance of the bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed detectors is close to that of the ideal minimum mean square error (MMSE).
A New Method to Test the Einstein's Weak Equivalence Principle
Creators: name: Yu, H.
name: Xi, S. Q.
name: Wang, F. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Einstein's weak equivalence principle (WEP) is one of the foundational assumptions of general relativity and some other gravity theories. In the theory of parametrized post-Newtonian (PPN), the difference between the PPN parameters $γ$ of different particles or the same type of particle with different energies, $Δγ$, represents the violation of WEP. Current constraints on $Δγ$ are derived from the observed time delay between correlated particles of astronomical sources. However, the observed time delay is contaminated by other effects, such as the time delays due to different particle emission times, the potential Lorentz invariance violation and none-zero photon rest mass. Therefore, current constraints are only upper limits. Here we propose a new method to test WEP based on the fact that the gravitational time delay is direction-dependent while others are not. This is the first method which can naturally correct other time delay effects. Using the time delay measurements of BASTE gamma-ray burst (GRB) sample and the gravitational potential of local super galaxy cluster Laniakea, we find that the constraint on $Δγ$ of different energy photons can be as low as $10^{-14}$. In the future, if more gravitational wave events and fast radio bursts with much more precise time delay measurements are observed, this method can give a reliable and tight constraint on WEP.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Standing Forest Coin (SFC)
Creators: name: Borges, Marcelo de A.
name: Filho, Guido L. de S.
name: da Silva, Cicero Inacio
name: Barros, Anderson M. P.
name: Britto, Raul V. B. J.
name: Junior, Nivaldo M. de C.
name: de Souza, Daniel F. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.7
subject: 58-04

description: This article describes a proposal to create a digital currency that allows the decentralized collection of resources directed to initiatives and activities that aim to protect the Brazilian Amazon ecosystem by using blockchain and digital contracts. In addition to the digital currency, the goal is to design a smart contract based in oracles to ensure credibility and security for investors and donors of financial resources invested in projects within the Standing Forest Coin (SFC - standingforest.org).
description: in Portuguese
In silico approaches to evaluate the molecular properties of organophosphate compounds to inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity in housefly
Creators: name: Parthiban Marimuthu
name: Lee, Yong-Jin
name: ByungHoon Kim
name: Seo, Seong S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Organophosphate compounds (OPC) have become the primary choice as insecticides and are widely used across the world. Additionally, OPCs were also commonly used as a chemical warfare agent that triggers a great challenge to public safety. Exposure of OPCs to human causes immediate excitation of cholinergic neurotransmission through transient elevation of synaptic acetylcholine (ACh) levels and accumulations. Likewise, prolonged exposure of OPCs can affect the processes in immune response, carbohydrate metabolism, cardiovascular toxicity, and several others. Studies revealed that the toxicity of OPCs was provoked by inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Therefore, combined in silico approaches – pharmacophore-based 3D-QSAR model; docking and Molecular Dynamics (MD) – were used to assess the precise and comprehensive effects of series of known OP-derived compounds together with its −log LD50 values. The selected five-featured pharmacophore model – AAHHR.61 – displayed the highest correlation (R2 = .9166), cross-validated coefficient (Q2 = .8221), F = 63.2, Pearson-R = .9615 with low RMSE = .2621 values obtained using five component PLS factors. Subsequently, the well-validated model was then used as a 3D query to search novel OPCs using a high-throughput virtual screening technique. Simultaneously, the docking studies predicted the binding pose of the most active OPC in the MdAChE binding pocket. Additionally, the stability of docking was verified using MD simulation. The results revealed that OP22 and predicted lead compounds bound tightly to S315 of MdAChE through potential hydrogen bond interaction over time. Overall, this study might provide valuable insight into binding mode of OPCs and hit compounds to inhibit AChE in housefly.
Grandes fraudes y gobiernos corporativos en la Economía desde mediados del siglo XX
Creators: name: Martín-de-Santos, I
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The international financial system is currently not yet prepared to face a foreseeable crisis mainly motivated by the dichotomy between the real economy and the virtual economy. Skepticism is widespread even when it comes to investments in sustainable economy. The concentration of capital in a few persons is one of the greatest risks for the possible reiteration of economic crises. The benevolent sentences of the courts to some of the fraudsters do not contribute to dispelling the ghost of fraud nor to the disappearance of tax havens. From the diachronic perspective, it is observed that economic crises are increasingly frequent and incidents always in the financial field; which forces us to rethink an economic model on an international scale in which there is a greater weight of the economic policy of governments over the power of multinational companies in the context of globalization. In the context of Corporate Social Responsibility, Corporate Governance is listed as one of the fundamental levers to curb large business fraud, but its efficiency seems insufficient due to the lack of international regulations and the ignorance of hidden forces in what has been known as fiscal and financial engineering. The application of liberal policies in an unorthodox way is causing real social gaps in the distribution of income and is undermining the current capitalist system. The need to implement corporate governments is recommended as one of the essential formulas for sustaining the international economic system.
description: 12 pages, in Spanish
Symmetric arithmetic circuits
Creators: name: Dawar, A
name: Wilsenach, G
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2020

description: We introduce symmetric arithmetic circuits, i.e. arithmetic circuits with a natural symmetry restriction. In the context of circuits computing polynomials defined on a matrix of variables, such as the determinant or the permanent, the restriction amounts to requiring that the shape of the circuit is invariant under row and column permutations of the matrix. We establish unconditional, nearly exponential, lower bounds on the size of any symmetric circuit for computing the permanent over any field of characteristic other than 2. In contrast, we show that there are polynomial-size symmetric circuits for computing the determinant over fields of characteristic zero.
Heat radiation and transfer for point particles in arbitrary geometries
Creators: name: Asheichyk, Kiryl
name: Müller, Boris
name: Krüger, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study heat radiation and heat transfer for pointlike particles in a system of other objects. Starting from exact many-body expressions found from scattering theory and fluctuational electrodynamics, we find that transfer and radiation for point particles are given in terms of the Green's function of the system in the absence of the point particles. These general expressions contain no approximation for the surrounding objects. As an application, we compute the heat transfer between two point particles in the presence of a sphere of arbitrary size and show that the transfer is enhanced by several orders of magnitude through the presence of the sphere, depending on the materials. Furthermore, we compute the heat emission of a point particle in front of a planar mirror. Finally, we show that a particle placed inside a spherical mirror cavity does not radiate energy.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures (v2: Sec. IIIE was added; explanation of Eq. (29) was added; sentence in Acknowledgments was added; Ref. [69] was added; minor changes in text)
Transactional Interpretation for the Principle of Minimum Fisher Information
Creators: name: Makowski, Marcin
name: Piotrowski, Edward W.
name: Frąckiewicz, Piotr
name: Szopa, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The principle of minimum Fisher information states that in the set of acceptable probability distributions characterizing the given system, it is best done by the one that minimizes the corresponding Fisher information. This principle can be applied to transaction processes, the dynamics of which can be interpreted as the market tendency to minimize the information revealed about itself. More information involves higher costs (information is physical). The starting point for our considerations is a description of the market derived from the assumption of minimum Fisher information for a strategy with a fixed financial risk. Strategies of this type that minimize Fisher information overlap with the well-known eigenstates of a the quantum harmonic oscillator. The analytical extension of this field of strategy to the complex vector space (traditional for quantum mechanics) suggests the study of the interference of the oscillator eigenstates in terms of their minimization of Fisher information. It is revealed that the minimum value of Fisher information of the superposition of the two strategies being the ground state and the second excited state of the oscillator, has Fisher information less than the ground state of the oscillator. Similarly, less information is obtained for the system of strategies (the oscillator eigenstates) randomized by the Gibbs distribution. We distinguish two different views on the description of Fisher information. One of them, the classical, is based on the value of Fisher information. The second, we call it transactional, expresses Fisher information from the perspective of the constant risk of market strategies. The orders of the market strategies derived from these two descriptions are different. From a market standpoint, minimizing Fisher information is equivalent to minimizing risk.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
Supplementary document for All-optical wavelength conversion of a 92-Gb/s 16-QAM signal within the C-band in a single thin-film PPLN waveguide - 5971246.pdf
Creators: name: Wei, Junjie
name: Hu, Zihe
name: Zhang, Ming-Ming
name: Li, Pan
name: Wu, You
name: Zeng, Cheng
name: Tang, Ming
name: Xia, Jinsong
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The details of Cr poling electrodes, the all-optical wavelength conversion (AOWC) spectra, the theoretical analyses for AOWC, and the theoretical 3-dB bandwidth of AOWC conversion efficiency.
Total variation regularization of multi-material topology optimization
Creators: name: Clason, Christian
name: Kruse, Florian
name: Kunisch, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This work is concerned with the determination of the diffusion coefficient from distributed data of the state. This problem is related to homogenization theory on the one hand and to regularization theory on the other hand. An approach is proposed which involves total variation regularization combined with a suitably chosen cost functional that promotes the diffusion coefficient assuming prespecified values at each point of the domain. The main difficulty lies in the delicate functional-analytic structure of the resulting nondifferentiable optimization problem with pointwise constraints for functions of bounded variation, which makes the derivation of useful pointwise optimality conditions challenging. To cope with this difficulty, a novel reparametrization technique is introduced. Numerical examples using a regularized semismooth Newton method illustrate the structure of the obtained diffusion coefficient. ~