cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Flow of a shear-thinning fluid in a rectangular duct
Creators: name: Barmak, Ilya
name: Picchi, Davide
name: Gelfgat, Alexander
name: Brauner, Neima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the problem of steady laminar flow of a shear-thinning fluid in rectangular ducts, which is encountered in many systems, in particular, in microfluidic and biomedical devices. However, an exact solution for the flow of non-Newtonian fluids that considers a realistic shear-thinning rheological behavior is not available in the literature. In this study, an accurate solution for the case of Carreau fluid is obtained and investigated numerically. The numerical solution allows us to analyze the effects of the fluid rheology and the aspect ratio of the rectangular duct on the velocity field and pressure gradient that drives the flow. The relationship between the pressure gradient and the Carreau number is found to follow the rheological curve of the shear-thinning fluid. The analysis shows that the fluid rheology and the aspect ratio have independent contributions to the integral flow characteristics. Moreover, separate consideration of these contributions allows us to arrive at universal scaling and general formulae for the pressure gradient and friction factor for various rheological parameters of the fluid and aspect ratios of rectangular ducts.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Flavor Unification and Discrete Nonabelian Symmetries
Creators: name: Kaplan, David B.
name: Schmaltz, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Grand unified theories with fermions transforming as irreducible representations of a discrete nonabelian flavor symmetry can lead to realistic fermion masses, without requiring very small fundamental parameters. We construct a specific example of a supersymmetric GUT based on the flavor symmetry $Δ(75)$ --- a subgroup of $SU(3)$ --- which can explain the observed quark and lepton masses and mixing angles. The model predicts $\tanβ\simeq 2-5$ and gives a $τ$ neutrino mass $m_ν\simeq M_p/G_F M_{GUT}^2 = 10$ eV, with other neutrino masses much lighter. Combined constraints of light quark masses and perturbative unification place flavor symmetry breaking near the GUT scale; it may be possible to probe these extremely high energies by continuing the search for flavor changing neutral currents.
description: 24 pages, UCSD-PTH-93-30 (uuencoded file; requires epsf.tex, available from this bulletin board)
Meshfree micromechanical modelling of the mechanical properties and responses of woven composites
Creators: name: Chen, Yanhong
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Obtaining a clear understanding of the elastic properties and overall responses of woven composites is a significant prerequisite for cost-effective design of these materials. Such an understanding is often achieved via developing unit cell (UC) models using analytical or the FEM-based approaches, which leads to either the problem of a reduced accuracy, resulting from the analytical nature, or the concern of high complexity, associated with using elements. The aim of this work is to simultaneously address the above concerns by developing a meshfree-based UC modelling approach to predict the elastic properties and overall responses of woven composites. Specifically, high-fidelity UC models have been developed to describe the internal architecture of woven composites, which addresses the accuracy problem in analytical approaches. Also, meshfree methods have been employed to implicitly implement the UC models, eliminating the complexity problem in the FEM-based approaches. For predicting the overall responses, constitutive modelling has been performed for the constituents of woven composites, with a viscoplasticity-based model being selected to describe the nonlinear and rate-dependent behaviour of polymer matrix and a Weibull function based formulation being proposed to identify the damage of yarn material. Furthermore, in-house computer programs implementing the UC models, the constitutive models and the meshfree methods have been coded, and numerical examples have been conducted for predicting the elastic properties and overall responses of woven composites. It has demonstrated that the meshfree-based predictions agree well with the experimental results and the data in the literature, validating the proposed approach. The significance of this work is that it eliminates the problems in traditional approaches and meanwhile extends the capability of the UC modelling methodology from homogenising only the elastic properties in the normal directions to predicting the elastic properties and overall responses of woven composites in both the normal and off-axis directions.
Unlabeled sample compression schemes and corner peelings for ample and maximum classes
Creators: name: Chalopin, Jérémie
name: Chepoi, Victor
name: Moran, Shay
name: Warmuth, Manfred K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We examine connections between combinatorial notions that arise in machine learning and topological notions in cubical/simplicial geometry. These connections enable to export results from geometry to machine learning. Our first main result is based on a geometric construction by Tracy Hall (2004) of a partial shelling of the cross-polytope which can not be extended. We use it to derive a maximum class of VC dimension 3 that has no corners. This refutes several previous works in machine learning from the past 11 years. In particular, it implies that all previous constructions of optimal unlabeled sample compression schemes for maximum classes are erroneous. On the positive side we present a new construction of an unlabeled sample compression scheme for maximum classes. We leave as open whether our unlabeled sample compression scheme extends to ample (a.k.a. lopsided or extremal) classes, which represent a natural and far-reaching generalization of maximum classes. Towards resolving this question, we provide a geometric characterization in terms of unique sink orientations of the 1-skeletons of associated cubical complexes.
Magneto- and barocaloric properties of the ferro-antiferromagnetic sawtooth chain
Creators: name: Reichert, N.
name: Schlüter, H.
name: Heitmann, T.
name: Richter, J.
name: Rausch, R.
name: Schnack, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Materials that are susceptible to pressure and external magnetic fields allow the combined use of both for caloric processes. Here we report investigations of the ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic sawtooth chain that due to its critical behavior not only allows for both barocaloric as well as magnetocaloric processes but also features very large cooling rates in the vicinity of the quantum critical point.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Kondo volume collapse, Kondo breakdown, and Fermi surface transitions in heavy-fermion metals
Creators: name: Hackl, Andreas
name: Vojta, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unconventional critical behavior near magnetic quantum phase transitions in various heavy-fermion metals, apparently inconsistent with the standard spin-density-wave scenario, has triggered proposals on the breakdown of the Kondo effect at the critical point. Here we investigate, within one specific scenario, the fate of such a zero-temperature transition upon coupling of the electronic to lattice degrees of freedom. We study a Kondo-Heisenberg model with volume-dependent Kondo coupling -- this model displays both Kondo volume collapse and Kondo-breakdown transitions, as well as Lifshitz transitions associated with a change of the Fermi-surface topology. Within a large-N treatment, we find that the Lifshitz transition tends to merge with the Kondo volume collapse and hence becomes first order, whereas the Kondo breakdown transition remains of second order except for very soft lattices. Interesting physics emerges at the zero-temperature endpoint of the Kondo volume collapse: For electrons in two space dimensions, this endpoint is located at the Lifshitz line for a large range of parameters, thus two continuous quantum phase transitions coincide without fine tuning. We analyze the effective Landau theory for such a situation and discuss critical exponents. Finally, we relate our findings to current heavy-fermion experiments.
description: 11 pages, 7 figs; (v2) small changes, additional refs, final version as published
Evaluating Overfit and Underfit in Models of Network Community Structure
Creators: name: Ghasemian, Amir
name: Hosseinmardi, Homa
name: Clauset, Aaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A common data mining task on networks is community detection, which seeks an unsupervised decomposition of a network into structural groups based on statistical regularities in the network's connectivity. Although many methods exist, the No Free Lunch theorem for community detection implies that each makes some kind of tradeoff, and no algorithm can be optimal on all inputs. Thus, different algorithms will over or underfit on different inputs, finding more, fewer, or just different communities than is optimal, and evaluation methods that use a metadata partition as a ground truth will produce misleading conclusions about general accuracy. Here, we present a broad evaluation of over and underfitting in community detection, comparing the behavior of 16 state-of-the-art community detection algorithms on a novel and structurally diverse corpus of 406 real-world networks. We find that (i) algorithms vary widely both in the number of communities they find and in their corresponding composition, given the same input, (ii) algorithms can be clustered into distinct high-level groups based on similarities of their outputs on real-world networks, and (iii) these differences induce wide variation in accuracy on link prediction and link description tasks. We introduce a new diagnostic for evaluating overfitting and underfitting in practice, and use it to roughly divide community detection methods into general and specialized learning algorithms. Across methods and inputs, Bayesian techniques based on the stochastic block model and a minimum description length approach to regularization represent the best general learning approach, but can be outperformed under specific circumstances. These results introduce both a theoretically principled approach to evaluate over and underfitting in models of network community structure and a realistic benchmark by which new methods may be evaluated and compared.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables
The role of propionate in appetite regulation and energy homeostasis
Creators: name: Byrne, Claire Sarah
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Propionate, a product of microbial fermentation, is thought to play a key role in appetite regulation and energy homeostasis. Supplementation with inulin-propionate ester (IPE), which selectively increases colonic propionate production, has previously been reported to reduce energy intake and increase peripheral anorexigenic gut hormone concentrations acutely in humans. Furthermore, long-term IPE-supplementation prevented weight gain and reduced intrahepatocellular lipid content. This thesis aimed to further investigate the effect of colonic propionate on appetite regulation and energy homeostasis in humans. Study 1 investigated the effect of L-rhamnose, a propiogenic non-digestible carbohydrate, on gut transit rates using a dual 13C breath test combined with breath H2. The presented data suggest that L-rhamnose delays gastric emptying rates, increases circulating propionate concentrations and is fermented in the small intestine despite it previously being considered to reach the colon intact. Study 2 investigated the effect of IPE on brain responses to food picture stimuli during an fMRI food picture evaluation task. IPE reduced brain responses to food picture stimuli in the striatum, a brain region involved in reward processing, and reduced their subjective appeal, and reduced energy intake. Study 3 investigated the effect of IPE following a 7-day supplementation period with food products containing IPE (IPE-FP). IPE-FP reduced energy intake. IPE-FP also significantly increased fasting and post-prandial energy expenditure. However, this effect was lost after correcting for lean mass. There was also a reduction in fasting non-esterified fatty acid concentrations following IPE-FP. Finally, study 4 investigated the effect of propionate on liver fat accumulation in two human hepatocyte cell lines. Propionate did not reduce liver fat accumulation in vitro, which suggests the effects observed in vivo may be indirect. The majority of work presented in this thesis supports a role for propionate in energy homeostasis. However, the exact underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated.
Geometric quench and nonequilibrium dynamics of fractional quantum Hall states
Creators: name: Liu, Zhao
name: Gromov, Andrey
name: Papić, Zlatko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a quench of the geometry of Landau level orbitals as a probe of nonequilibrium dynamics of fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states. We show that such geometric quenches induce coherent many-body dynamics of neutral degrees of freedom of FQH fluids. The simplest case of mass anisotropy quench can be experimentally implemented as a sudden tilt of the magnetic field, and the resulting dynamics reduces to the harmonic motion of the spin-$2$ "graviton" mode, i.e., the long wavelength limit of the Girvin-MacDonald-Platzman magnetoroton. We derive an analytical description of the graviton dynamics using the bimetric theory of FQH states, and find agreement with exact numerical simulations at short times. We show that certain types of geometric quenches excite higher-spin collective modes, thus establishing their existence in a microscopic model and motivating an extension of geometric theories of FQH states.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures, published version
Synthetic biology biosensor design for medical diagnostics
Creators: name: Kylilis, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Biosensors are compact, integrated analytical devices that use a biologically derived sensor element to specifically detect their target analyte. Their design makes them convenient for the performance of diagnostic tests at the site where the sample is procured. Synthetic biology has been extensively applied to biosensor design to produce genetically encoded devices that detect metal and organic contaminants, drug molecules and metabolites among others. However, there is only a very limited number of synthetic biology biosensor tools available for the detection of analytes that do not readily transport across the cell membrane. This is especially the case for protein analytes despite the potential of such tools for use in diagnostic applications at the point of care. This research investigated synthetic biology biosensor designs for the detection of protein analytes and developed such technologies featuring high specificity sensor elements. One of the technologies developed features a single domain antibody (nanobody) which is surface displayed on E. coli cells. By the use of a GFP binding nanobody, this biosensor technology was successfully demonstrated to detect dimeric GFP in a plate agglutination assay format. A second technology developed features a RNA-aptamer sensor element incorporated into a RNA-switch device. For prototyping this technology, a thrombin binding RNA-aptamer incorporated into the RNA-switch device was demonstrated to detect thrombin by controlling GFP expression in E. coli cell-extract assay. Additionally, the design space for both prototyped technologies was successfully investigated for strategies that would enable the modulation of their analytical characteristics. Lastly, the modularity of the biosensor designs was investigated by the incorporation of sensors for alternative protein analytes. The pool of known biomarkers for medical conditions includes a large number of protein molecules. Since the prototyped designs feature sensor elements that can be evolved in vitro for the specific recognition of any protein target at will, the technologies developed here can potentially be utilised as synthetic biology platforms for the development of low cost biosensor devices for use in medical diagnostic applications.
Additional file 1 of Apremilast for genital erosive lichen planus in women (the AP-GELP Study): study protocol for a randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial
Creators: name: Skullerud, Kristin Helene
name: Gjersvik, Petter
name: Pripp, Are Hugo
name: Qvigstad, Erik
name: Helgesen, Anne Lise Ording
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. AP-GELP Study Protocol, version 1.7.
Top Condensation without Fine-Tuning
Creators: name: Blumhofer, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quadratic divergencies which lead to the usual fine-tuning or hierarchy problem are discussed in top condensation models. As in the Standard Model a cancellation of quadratic divergencies is not possible without the boson contributions in the radiative corrections which are absent in lowest order of an $1/N_c$-expansion. To deal with the cancellation of quadratic divergencies we propose therefore an expansion in the flavor degrees of freedom. In leading order we find the remarkable result that quadratic divergencies automatically disappear.
description: LMU - 17/93, in LATEX, 12 pages and 3 pages of figures appended in Postscript
Generalized Chaplygin gas as geometrical dark energy
Creators: name: Heydari-Fard, M.
name: Sepangi, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generalized Chaplygin gas provides an interesting candidate for the present accelerated expansion of the universe. We explore a geometrical explanation for the generalized Chaplygin gas within the context of brane world theories where matter fields are confined to the brane by means of the action of a confining potential. We obtain the modified Friedmann equations, deceleration parameter and age of the universe in this scenario and show that they are consistent with the present observational data.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, to appear in PRD
Condensation for random variables conditioned by the value of their sum
Creators: name: Godrèche, Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We revisit the problem of condensation for independent, identically distributed random variables with a power-law tail, conditioned by the value of their sum. For large values of the sum, and for a large number of summands, a condensation transition occurs where the largest summand accommodates the excess difference between the value of the sum and its mean. This simple scenario of condensation underlies a number of studies in statistical physics, such as, e.g., in random allocation and urn models, random maps, zero-range processes and mass transport models. Much of the effort here is devoted to presenting the subject in simple terms, reproducing known results and adding some new ones. In particular we address the question of the quantitative comparison between asymptotic estimates and exact finite-size results. Simply stated, one would like to know how accurate are the asymptotic estimates of the observables of interest, compared to their exact finite-size counterparts, to the extent that they are known. This comparison, illustrated on the particular exemple of a distribution with Lévy index equal to $3/2$, demonstrates the role of the contributions of the dip and large deviation regimes. Except for the last section devoted to a brief review of extremal statistics, the presentation is self-contained and uses simple analytical methods.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures
SALES PROMOTION TOOLS ON CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR: A CASE OF SHOPPING CENTRE IN MOGADISHU, SOMALIA
Creators: name: Barwaaqo, Farah Ahmed
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: SALES PROMOTION TOOLS ON CONSUMER
CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR:
CASE OF SHOPPING CENTRE IN MOGADISHU, SOMALIA

description: Abstract

Sale promotions are a powerful technique employed by companies to influence consumer buying behavior. By offering discounts special deals or incentives businesses aim to increase sales generate brand loyalty and attract new customers. The concept of sale promotion plays a crucial role in shaping consumer behavior and its effectiveness lies in its ability to tap into key psychological principles.

One primary way sale promotions impact consumer buying behavior is by creating a sense of urgency and scarcity. Limited-time offers or exclusive deals create a fear of missing out (FOMO) among consumers pushing them to make quick purchase decisions. The fear of losing out on a good deal often overrides rational decision-making leading individuals to act on impulse and buy products they may not have considered otherwise.
Additional file 4: of Epigenetic signature of preterm birth in adult twins
Creators: name: Qihua Tan
name: Shuxia Li
name: Frost, Morten
name: Nygaard, Marianne
name: Soerensen, Mette
name: Larsen, Martin
name: Christensen, Kaare
name: Christiansen, Lene
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S2. PTB DMR with p value lower than 5%. (PDF 991 kb)
Additional file 2 of Apremilast for genital erosive lichen planus in women (the AP-GELP Study): study protocol for a randomised placebo-controlled clinical trial
Creators: name: Skullerud, Kristin Helene
name: Gjersvik, Petter
name: Pripp, Are Hugo
name: Qvigstad, Erik
name: Helgesen, Anne Lise Ording
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. SPIRIT checklist.
Simple sampling clock synchronisation scheme for reduced-guard-interval coherent optical OFDM systems
Creators: name: Omomukuyo, Oluyemi
name: Chang, Deyuan
name: Dobre, Octavia A.
name: Venkatesan, Ramachandran
name: Ngatched, Telex M. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A simple data-aided scheme for sampling clock synchronisation in reduced-guard-interval coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (RGI-CO-OFDM) systems is proposed. In the proposed scheme, the sampling clock offset (SCO) is estimated by using the training symbols reserved for channel estimation, thus avoiding extra training overhead. The SCO is then compensated by resampling, using a time-domain interpolation filter. The feasibility of the proposed scheme is demonstrated by means of numerical simulations in a 32-Gbaud 16-QAM dual-polarisation RGI-CO-OFDM system.
description: 2 pages, 5 figures, Journal
FORMATION OF CREATIVITY IN PRIMARY CLASSES
Creators: name: Shakirov, Abitkhan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The article highlights the main issues related to the formation of creativity among primary school students. Teaching art subjects, in particular art and music lessons in the context of teaching spirituality, is one of the fundamental knowledge acquired in secondary schools. The disciplines of art determine the direction in the development of the environment, based on such concepts of universal human values as philanthropy and morality, which are more capaciously and clearly explained by objects of art. At the same time, educating elementary school students in the beginnings of fine arts and the art of music play a major role in mastering the concept of spirituality and morality. Also in the formation of creativity, the need to be vigilant in correctly mastering a given subject is a key approach when teaching various subjects
Additional file 4: of Analysis of novel caudal hindbrain genes reveals different regulatory logic for gene expression in rhombomere 4 versus 5/6 in embryonic zebrafish
Creators: name: Priyanjali Ghosh
name: Maurer, Jennifer
name: Sagerstrรถm, Charles
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S3. Generation and analysis of RNA-seq data from 18 hpf WT and hoxb1b mutant embryos. (A) Total RNA was collected from WT and hoxb1b mutant whole embryos and used for RNA-seq. (B) 866 differentially expressed genes were identified from RNA-Seq where seven of the 175 up-regulated genes and 78 of the 691 down-regulated genes are expressed in the hindbrain. (C) Top 20 GO terms for up-regulated and down-regulated genes. (D) A subset of genes was validated by RT-qPCR from independently collected samples. (PDF 589 kb)
Putting Question-Answering Systems into Practice: Transfer Learning for Efficient Domain Customization
Creators: name: Kratzwald, Bernhard
name: Feuerriegel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traditional information retrieval (such as that offered by web search engines) impedes users with information overload from extensive result pages and the need to manually locate the desired information therein. Conversely, question-answering systems change how humans interact with information systems: users can now ask specific questions and obtain a tailored answer - both conveniently in natural language. Despite obvious benefits, their use is often limited to an academic context, largely because of expensive domain customizations, which means that the performance in domain-specific applications often fails to meet expectations. This paper proposes cost-efficient remedies: (i) we leverage metadata through a filtering mechanism, which increases the precision of document retrieval, and (ii) we develop a novel fuse-and-oversample approach for transfer learning in order to improve the performance of answer extraction. Here knowledge is inductively transferred from a related, yet different, tasks to the domain-specific application, while accounting for potential differences in the sample sizes across both tasks. The resulting performance is demonstrated with actual use cases from a finance company and the film industry, where fewer than 400 question-answer pairs had to be annotated in order to yield significant performance gains. As a direct implication to management, this presents a promising path to better leveraging of knowledge stored in information systems.
description: Accepted by ACM TMIS
Collective excitations of a Bose-condensed gas: Fate of second sound in the crossover regime between hydrodynamic and collisionless regimes
Creators: name: Hiyane, Hoshu
name: Watabe, Shohei
name: Nikuni, Tetsuro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the moment method for Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) at finite temperatures that enable us to study collective sound modes from the hydrodynamic to the collisionless regime. In particular, we investigate collective excitations in a weakly interacting dilute Bose gas by applying the moment method to the Zaremba-Nikuni-Griffin equation, which is the coupled equation of the Boltzmann equation with the generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Utilizing the moment method, collective excitations in the crossover regime between the hydrodynamic and collisionless regimes are investigated in detail. In the crossover regime, the second sound mode loses the weight of the density response function because of the significant coupling with incoherent modes, whereas the first sound shows a distinct but broad peak structure. We compare the result obtained by the moment method with that of the Landau two-fluid equations and show that the collective mode predicted by the Landau two-fluid equations well coincides with the result from the moment method even far from the hydrodynamic regime, whereas clear distinction also emerges in the relatively higher momentum regime.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Decipher the width of the $X(3872)$ via the QCD sum rules
Creators: name: Wang, Zhi-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we take the $X(3872)$ as the hidden-charm tetraquark state with both isospin $I=0$ and $1$ components, then investigate the strong decays $X(3872)\to J/ψπ^+π^-$, $J/ψω$, $χ_{c1}π^0$, $D^{*0}\bar{D}^0$ and $D^{0}\bar{D}^0π^0$ with the QCD sum rules. We take account of all the Feynman diagrams, and acquire four QCD sum rules based on rigorous quark-hadron duality. We obtain the total decay width about $1\,\rm{MeV}$, which is in excellent agreement with the experiment data $ Γ_{X}=1.19\pm 0.21\,\rm{MeV}$ from the Particle Data Group, it is the first time to reproduce the tiny width of the $X(3872)$ via the QCD sum rules, which supports assigning the $X(3872)$ as the hidden-charm tetraquark state with the $J^{PC}=1^{++}$.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
On the generalized Jacobi equation
Creators: name: Perlick, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard text-book Jacobi equation (equation of geodesic deviation) arises by linearizing the geodesic equation around some chosen geodesic, where the linearization is done with respect to the coordinates and the velocities. The generalized Jacobi equation, introduced by Hodgkinson in 1972 and further developed by Mashhoon and others, arises if the linearization is done only with respect to the coordinates, but not with respect to the velocities. The resulting equation has been studied by several authors in some detail for timelike geodesics in a Lorentzian manifold. Here we begin by briefly considering the generalized Jacobi equation on affine manifolds, without a metric; then we specify to lightlike geodesics in a Lorentzian manifold. We illustrate the latter case by considering particular lightlike geodesics (a) in Schwarzschild spacetime and (b) in a plane-wave spacetime.
description: Contribution to Mashhoon Festschrift (Special Issue of Gen. Rel. Grav.). 17 pages, 2 figures
The Coulomb problem in iron based superconductors
Creators: name: König, Elio J.
name: Coleman, Piers
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the role of strong Coulomb interactions in iron-based superconductors (FeSCs). The presumed $s^{\pm}$ character of these superconductors means that the condensate is not symmetry protected against Coulomb repulsion. Remarkably, the transition temperatures and the excitation gap are quite robust across the large family of iron based superconductors, despite drastic changes in Fermi surface geometry. The Coulomb problem is to understand how these superconductors avoid the strong onsite Coulomb interaction at the iron atoms, while maintaining a robust transition temperature. Within the dominant space of $t_{2g}$ orbitals, on-site repulsion in the FeSCs enforces two linearly independent components of the condensate to vanish. This raises the possibility that iron-based superconductors might adapt their condensate to the Coulomb constraints by rotating the pairing state within the large manifold of entangled, extended s-wave gap functions with different orbital and momentum space structure. We examine this "orbital and k-space flexibility" (OKF) mechanism using both Landau theory and microscopic calculations within a multi-orbital t-J model. Based on our results, we conclude that OKF necessitates a large condensate degeneracy. One interesting possibility raised by our results, is that a resolution to the Coulomb problem in FeSC might require a reconsideration of triplet pairing.
description: 8 pages main text, 4 pages appendix, 6 figures. Accepted in Phys. Rev. B
Breakdown of an intermediate plateau in the magnetization process of anisotropic spin-1 Heisenberg dimer: theory vs. experiment
Creators: name: Strecka, J.
name: Hagiwara, M.
name: Balaz, P.
name: Jascur, M.
name: Narumi, Y.
name: Kimura, S.
name: Kuchar, J.
name: Kindo, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetization process of the spin-1 Heisenberg dimer model with axial and rhombic single-ion anisotropy terms is particularly investigated in connection with recent experimental high-field measurements performed on the single-crystal sample of the homodinuclear nickel(II) compound [Ni2(Medpt)2(ox)(H2O)2](ClO4)2.2H2O (Medpt=methyl-bis(3-aminopropyl)amine). The results obtained from the exact numerical diagonalization reveal a striking magnetization process with a marked spatial dependence on the applied magnetic field for arbitrary but non-zero single-ion anisotropy. It is demonstrated that the field range, which corresponds to an intermediate magnetization plateau emerging at a half of the saturation magnetization, basically depends on single-ion anisotropy terms as well as a spatial orientation of the applied field. The breakdown of the intermediate magnetization plateau is discussed at length in relation to the single-ion anisotropy strength.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, preprint submitted to Physica B
Gauge invariant top quark form factors from e+ e- experiments
Creators: name: Papavassiliou, J.
name: Parrinello, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the possibility of experimental determination of top quark form factors in upcoming e+ e- experiments, as recently discussed by Atwood and Soni, we show at the one loop level that the conventionally defined magnetic dipole moment (MDM) form factor of the top quark is gauge dependent, in the class of renormalizable ($R_ξ$) gauges. We explicitly calculate its gauge dependence, which, due to the massiveness of the top quark, turns out to be numerically very sizable. We show how to use the S-matrix pinch technique in order to define gauge independent form factors. The real and imaginary parts of the gauge independent MDM form factor are calculated and their dependence on the top quark and Higgs boson masses is discussed. Most noticeably, the dependence on the Higgs mass turns out to be stronger than that of the cross section as a whole.
description: 32 pages, 2 uuencoded dvi files, preprint NYU--TH--93/05/02
Entanglement entropy scaling in critical phases of 1D quasiperiodic systems
Creators: name: Gonçalves, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the scaling of the entanglement entropy in different classes of one-dimensional fermionic quasiperiodic systems with and without pairing, focusing on multifractal critical points/phases. We find that the entanglement entropy scales logarithmically with the subsystem size $N_{A}$ with a proportionality coefficient $\mathcal{C}$, as in homogeneous critical points, apart from possible additional small oscillations. In the absence of pairing, we find that the entanglement entropy coefficient $\mathcal{C}$ is non-universal and depends significantly and non-trivially both on the model parameters and electron filling, in multifractal critical points. In some of these points, $\mathcal{C}$ can take values close to the homogeneous (or ballistic) system, although it typically takes smaller values. We find a close relation between the behaviour of the entanglement entropy and the small-$q$ (long-wavelength) dependence of the momentum structure factor $\mathcal{S}(q)$. $\mathcal{S}(q)$ increases linearly with q as in the homogeneous case, with a slope that grows with $\mathcal{C}$. In the presence of pairing, we find that even the addition of small anomalous terms affects very significantly the scaling of the entanglement entropy compared to the unpaired case. In particular, we focused on topological phase transitions for which the gap closes with either extended or critical multifractal states. In the former case, the scaling of the entanglement entropy mirrors the behaviour observed at the critical points of the homogeneous Kitaev chain, while in the latter, it shows only slight deviations arising at small length scales. In contrast with the unpaired case, we always observe $\mathcal{C}\approx1/6$ for different critical points, the known value for the homogeneous Kitaev chain with periodic boundary conditions.
Additional file 1: of Gene promoter and exon DNA methylation changes in colon cancer development – mRNA expression and tumor mutation alterations
Creators: name: Molnár, Béla
name: Galamb, Orsolya
name: Péterfia, Bálint
name: Wichmann, Barnabás
name: Csabai, István
name: Bodor, András
name: Kalmár, Alexandra
name: Szigeti, Krisztina
name: Barták, Barbara
name: Nagy, Zsófia
name: Valcz, Gábor
name: Patai, Árpád
name: Igaz, Péter
name: Tulassay, Zsolt
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Table S1A. Top50 hypermethylated DMRs in CRC versus NAT comparison. Table S1B. Top50 hypomethylated DMRs in CRC versus NAT comparison. Table S1C. Top50 hypermethylated DMRs in adenoma tissue compared to NAT samples. Table S1D. Top50 hypomethylated DMRs in adenoma tissue compared to NAT samples. (DOC 253 kb)
Persistent polarization oscillations in ring-shape polariton condensates
Creators: name: Yulin, A. V.
name: Sedov, E. S.
name: Kavokin, A. V.
name: Shelykh, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict the limit cycle solution for a ring-shape bosonic condensate of exciton-polaritons confined in an optically induced rotating trap. The limit cycle manifests itself with polarization oscillations on a characteristic timescale of tens of picoseconds. The effect arises due to the interplay between orbital motion and the polarization degree of freedom. It is specific to spinor bosonic condensates and would be absent in a scalar case, where a bi-stability of stationary solutions would be observed instead. This work offers a tool of initialisation and control of qubits based on superpositions of polariton condensates characterised by different topologic charges.
title: CU Anschutz HSL Color Our Collections 2016
Creators: name: Multiple Authors
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: University of Colorado Denver. Health Sciences Library
subject: Coloring books
subject: Medical Illustration

description: This coloring book was created to submit to the yearly Color Our Collections initiative. Images were scanned from volumes in the HSL rare book collection, and collected into one PDF. Citations for each volume are included with the images. The images were prepared by Emily Epstein, the Rare Materials Librarian.
title: Extra-planar Diffuse Hot Gas Around Normal Disk Galaxies
Creators: name: Wang, QD
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics and Astronomy

description: This is the pre-published version harvested from ArXiv. The published version is located at http://www.aspbooks.org/a/volumes/article_details/?paper_id=1468
description: I review results from Chandra observations of nearby normal edge-on galaxies (Sd to Sa types). These galaxies have a broad range of star formation rate, but none of them is dominated by a nuclear starburst. The galaxies are all in directions of low Galactic foreground absorption (NHI ≤ 4 × 1020 cm−2). Extra-Planar diffuse soft X-ray emission is detected unambiguously from all the galaxies, except for N4244 (Sd), which is low in both stellar mass and star formation rate. The thermal nature of the X-ray-emitting gas is well established, although its chemical and ionization states remain largely uncertain. The X-ray luminosity of the gas is proportional to the star formation rate and to the stellar mass of the galaxies. But the luminosity accounts for at most a few percent of the expected supernova mechanical energy input. Therefore, there is a "missing" energy problem for spiral galaxies. Much of the energy in late-type spirals may be converted and radiated in lower energy bands. But early-type ones most likely have outflows, which are powered primarily by Type Ia supernovae in galactic bulges. These galactic outflows may strongly affect both the dynamics and cooling of the intergalactic gas accretion, hence the evolution of the galaxies.
ТРАНСФОРМАЦИЯ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОГО СОЗНАНИЯ МОЛОДЁЖИ УЗБЕКИСТАНА  В ПРОЦЕССЕ РАЗВИТИЯ ГРАЖДАНСКОГО ОБЩЕСТВА
Creators: name: Юсупова, Элеонора
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: В статье исследуется влияние гражданского общества и правового государства на трансформацию политического сознания молодёжи Узбекистана. Автор раскрывает основные элементы гражданского общества, роль правового государства в формировании политической культуры, а также особенности политического поведения молодёжи в условиях социально-экономических и политических изменений в стране.
Candidates for non-rectangular constrained Willmore minimizers
Creators: name: Heller, Lynn
name: Ndiaye, Cheikh Birahim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A05, 53A30, 53C43

description: For every $\;b>1\;$ fixed, we explicitly construct $1$-dimensional families of embedded constrained Willmore tori parametrized by their conformal class $\;(a,b)$\; with $\; a \sim_b 0^+\;$ deforming the homogenous torus \;$f^b$ of conformal class \;$(0,b).$ The variational vector field at $f^b$ is hereby given by a non-trivial zero direction of a penalized Willmore stability operator which we show to coincide with a double point of the corresponding spectral curve. Further, we characterize for $b \sim 1$, $b \neq 1$ and $a \sim_b 0^+$ the family obtained by opening the "smallest" double point on the spectral curve which is heuristically the direction with the smallest increase of Willmore energy at $f^b$. Indeed we show in \cite{HelNdi1} that these candidates minimize the Willmore energy in their respective conformal class for $b \sim 1$, $b \neq 1$ and $a \sim_b 0^+.$
description: 35 pages, originally a section of arXiv:1710.00533, we decided to split the paper due to length
Additional file 3: of Analysis of novel caudal hindbrain genes reveals different regulatory logic for gene expression in rhombomere 4 versus 5/6 in embryonic zebrafish
Creators: name: Priyanjali Ghosh
name: Maurer, Jennifer
name: Sagerstrรถm, Charles
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S2. Expression of the r4 gene set is unaffected in hoxb1a mutants at least until 24hpf. Expression of hoxb1a (A), meis1a (B), fgf3 (C) and egfl6 (D) was assessed in wildtype (i) and hoxb1a mutant (ii) zebrafish at 24hpf. The black brackets mark r4 and dotted circles represent the otic vesicles (OV). (PDF 1051 kb)
An Imaging and Spectral Study of Ten X-Ray Filaments around the Galactic Center
Creators: name: Lu, F. J.
name: Yuan, T. T.
name: Lou, Y. -Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of 10 new X-ray filaments using the data from the {\sl Chandra} X-ray satellite for the inner $6^{\prime}$ ($\sim 15$ parsec) around the Galactic center (GC). All these X-ray filaments are characterized by non-thermal energy spectra, and most of them have point-like features at their heads that point inward. Fitted with the simple absorbed power-law model, the measured X-ray flux from an individual filament in the 2-10 keV band is $\sim 2.8\times10^{-14}$ to $10^{-13}$ ergs cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ and the absorption-corrected X-ray luminosity is $\sim 10^{32}-10^{33}$ ergs s$^{-1}$ at a presumed distance of 8 kpc to the GC. We speculate the origin(s) of these filaments by morphologies and by comparing their X-ray images with the corresponding radio and infrared images. On the basis of combined information available, we suspect that these X-ray filaments might be pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) associated with pulsars of age $10^3 \sim 3\times 10^5$ yr. The fact that most of the filament tails point outward may further suggest a high velocity wind blowing away form the GC.
description: 29 pages with 7 figures and 3 pages included. Accepted to ApJ