cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Extreme-value modelling of the brightest galaxies at $z\gtrsim9$
Creators: name: Heather, Cameron
name: Chantavat, Teeraparb
name: Chongchitnan, Siri
name: Silk, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data from the James Webb Space Telescope have revealed an intriguing population of bright galaxies at high redshifts. In this work, we use extreme-value statistics to calculate the distribution (in UV magnitude) of the brightest galaxies in the redshift range $9 \lesssim z \lesssim 16$. We combine the Generalised Extreme Value (GEV) approach with modelling of the galaxy luminosity function. We obtain predictions of the brightest galaxies for a suite of luminosity functions, including the Schechter and double power law functions, as well as a model parametrised by the stellar formation efficiency $f_*$. We find that the JWST data is broadly consistent with $f_*$ of $5\%-10\%$, and that the brightest galaxy at $z\sim16$ will have $M_{\rm UV}\approx -23.5^{0.8}_{0.4}$. If $f_*$ is dependent on halo mass, we predict $M_{\rm UV}\approx -22.5^{0.5}_{1.5}$ for such an object. We show that extreme-value statistics not only predicts the magnitude of the brightest galaxies at high redshifts, but may also be able to distinguish between models of star formation in high-redshift galaxies.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, MNRAS accepted
Benchmark all-electron ab initio quantum Monte Carlo calculations for small molecules
Creators: name: Nemec, Norbert
name: Towler, Michael D.
name: Needs, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the efficiency, precision and accuracy of all-electron variational and diffusion quantum Monte Carlo calculations using Slater basis sets. Starting from wave functions generated by Hartree-Fock and density functional theory, we describe an algorithm to enforce the electron-nucleus cusp condition by linear projection. For the 55 molecules in the G2 set, the diffusion quantum Monte Carlo calculations recovers an average of 95% of the correlation energy and reproduces bond energies to a mean absolute deviation of 3.2 kcal/mol. Comparing the individual total energies with essentially exact values, we investigate the error cancellation in atomization and chemical reaction path energies, giving additional insight into the sizes of nodal surface errors.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, published by J. Chem. Phys (substantial changes after first submission)
Bovine Immunodeficiency Virus
Creators: name: Snider, T. G.
name: Blas-Machado, U.
name: Lemarchand, T. X.
name: Luther, D. G.
name: Jenny, B.
name: Gonda, M. A.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1995

description: Following several years of serological surveys for antibody to bovine immunodeficiency virus, an unusual number of cattle diseases and deaths were noted at the Louisiana State University & A&M College Dairy.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1995
Neuroendovascular Surgery Applications in Craniocervical Trauma
Creators: name: Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institutes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Purpose— Cerebrovascular injuries after blunt or penetrating trauma to the head and neck often lead to localhemorrhage and stroke. A large number of manifestations can be seen including carotid or vertebral artery dissection,pseudoaneurysm, occlusion, transection, arteriovenous fistula, carotid cavernous fistula, epistaxis, venous sinusthrombosis, and subdural hematoma.Methods— A selective review of the literature reporting various neuroendovascular surgery techniques incraniocervical trauma was performed. The authors conducted a PubMed search from 1989-2020 including the terms:endovascular, trauma, dissection, blunt cerebrovascular injury, pseudoaneurysm, occlusion, transection, vasospasm,carotid-cavernous fistula, arteriovenous fistula, epistaxis, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, subdural hematoma, andmiddle meningeal artery embolization.Results— An increasing number of neuroendovascular procedures are currently available to treat these traumaticinjuries. Lesions can be embolized using coils, liquid embolics (onyx or n-butyl cyanoacrylate), and polyvinyl al-cohol particles. Stent placement using uncovered, covered, and overlapping stents; mechanical thrombectomy usingstent-retrievers or aspiration catheters; and balloon occlusion tests and supraselective angiography to assess the safetyof therapeutic arterial occlusion are additional options depending upon the underlying lesion.Conclusion— Neuroendovascular techniques can often treat conditions where surgical options are otherwiselimited. However, there is limited data comparing neuroendovascular and surgical techniques in the setting of trauma.
155 Referral Hospital Uterine Torsions
Creators: name: Frazer, G.
name: Perkins, N.
name: Constable, P.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1995

description: Although uterine torsion has been reported in all of the domestic species, it is a condition that is more likely to be encountered by bovine practitioners. The anatomical features of the gravid bovine uterus undoubtedly play a major role, just as the anatomy of the equine gastro-intestinal tract predisposes the horse to colic. Literature on the topic is sparse and the etiology of the condition is open to speculation.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1995
Joint Transmitter and Receiver Design for Movable Antenna Enhanced Multicast Communications
Creators: name: Gao, Ying
name: Wu, Qingqing
name: Chen, Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Movable antenna (MA) is an emerging technology that utilizes localized antenna movement to achieve better channel conditions for enhancing communication performance. In this paper, we study the MA-enhanced multicast transmission from a base station equipped with multiple MAs to multiple groups of single-MA users. Our goal is to maximize the minimum weighted signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) among all the users by jointly optimizing the position of each transmit/receive MA and the transmit beamforming. To tackle this challenging problem, we first consider the single-group scenario and propose an efficient algorithm based on the techniques of alternating optimization and successive convex approximation. Particularly, when optimizing transmit or receive MA positions, we construct a concave lower bound for the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each user using only the second-order Taylor expansion, which simplifies the problem-solving process compared to the existing two-step approximation method. The proposed design is then extended to the general multi-group scenario. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm converges faster than the existing two-step approximation method, achieving a 3.4% enhancement in max-min SNR. Moreover, it can improve the max-min SNR/SINR by up to 22.5%, 181.7%, and 343.9% compared to benchmarks employing only receive MAs, only transmit MAs, and both transmit and receive FPAs, respectively.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, accepted by IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
title: The Economic Impact of Federal Land on County Governments in Utah
Creators: name: Hope, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1998

description: County governments cannot assess property taxes on federal land, yet local governments are required to provide similar services as they do on all other areas of the county. Federal government payment programs have been implemented to compensate county governments for the expenditures incurred due to federal land.
In the mid-1960s, the Public Land Law Review Commission implemented and completed a study which analyzed whether selected individual states and counties were being compensated for the expenditures incurred on federal land. It also estimated tax revenues local governments would receive if federally owned acreage was privately owned. The study then compared these potential revenues with existing revenues from government payment programs.
The purpose of this study was to identify net revenues from county government expenditures and revenues due to federally owned land for the years 1975 through 1990. Comparisons were also made between estimated tax revenues, if federal land acreage was privately owned, and federal land-related government payment programs. Two Utah counties, Box Elder and Kane, were selected for this study. County government audit reports and other county records, along with information and data obtained from county and federal government personnel, were obtained and analyzed. Comparisons were made between these findings and the Public Land Law Review Commission mid-1960s results and conclusions. The results are opposite between the two counties and from the Public Land Law Review Commission Study.
ESMARConf2021 Session 3 - User Interfaces (livestream)
Creators: name: Grainger, Matthew
name: Haddaway, Neal
name: Hennessy, Emily A.
name: Keenan, Ciara
name: McGuinness, Luke
name: Westgate, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Presenter: Clareece Nevill Title: Pilot for an Interactive Living Network Meta-Analysis web application Presenter: Suzanne Freeman Title: MetaDTA: An interactive web-based tool for meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies Presenter: W. Kyle Hamilton Title: Jamovi as a Platform for Running a Meta-Analysis The speakers take part in a panel discussion Facilitator: Ciara Keenan
Tri-bimaximal lepton mixing from symmetry only
Creators: name: Grimus, W.
name: Lavoura, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a model for tri-bimaximal lepton mixing which employs only family symmetries and their soft breaking; neither vacuum alignment nor supersymmetry, extra dimensions, or non-renormalizable terms are used in our model. It is an extension of the Standard Model making use of the seesaw mechanism with five right-handed neutrino singlets. The scalar sector comprises four Higgs doublets and one complex gauge singlet. The horizontal symmetry of our model is based on the permutation group S_3 of the lepton families together with the three family lepton numbers--united this constitutes a symmetry group Delta(6\infty^2). The model makes no predictions for the neutrino masses.
description: 16 pages, no figures; references added, section 3 supplemented by discussion of the group structure of the model
What's Going on in Bovine Viral Vaccines
Creators: name: Chase, Christopher C. L.
name: Hurley, David J.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1995

description: The spectrum of immunity from inactivated bovine viral vaccines has often been discounted because of the lack of a cell mediated response. With the advent of newer adjuvants, the effect of an inactivated BRSV, BVDV PI3, IBR vaccine (Vira Shield™ 5: Grand Laboratories, Freeman, SD) on cell mediated and cytotoxic T cell response against IBR and BRSV was measured.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1995
Pasteurella haemolytica Vaccines and Their Effectiveness
Creators: name: Loan, Raymond W.
name: Purdy, Charles W. M.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1995

description: Pasteurella haemolytica biotype A, serotype 1 (Ph1) bacterins and bacterin-toxoids formulated in oil adjuvants induce protective immune responses approaching those induced by virulent Ph1. In comparison, aluminum hydroxide based adjuvants induce lower protective and serological immune responses. Bacterin-toxoid vaccines formulated in water-in-oil adjuvants induced high levels of protective immunity against transthoracic and field challenge. Bacterin-toxoid with oil-in-water adjuvant induced high protective immunity against transthoracic challenge and was superior to Ph1 bacterin-toxoid withAI(OH)3 adjuvant. Reactions at the point of inoculation vary with formulations, are usually inapparent if intramuscular, manageable if subcutaneous and disappear with time.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1995
Additional file 1: of Effects of intestinal colonization by Clostridium difficile and Staphylococcus aureus on microbiota diversity in healthy individuals in China
Creators: name: Dong, Danfeng
name: Ni, Qi
name: Wang, Chen
name: Zhang, Lihua
name: Li, Zhen
name: Jiang, Cen
name: EnqiangMao
name: Peng, Yibing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Table S1. Detailed information on participants selected for microbiota analysis. (DOCX 42 kb)
DMP for PhD students and their supervisors at the University of Milan
Creators: name: Galimberti, Paola
name: Dobi, Dorina
name: Guzzetti, Martina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This presentation outlines the details and execution of a training initiative started at the University of Milan three years ago. It involves the joint training of ten PHD students each year spanning diverse academic disciplines and their respective supervisors. The training focuses on FAIR data management principles and the skills required for crafting Data Management Plans (DMPs). This training effort is a collaborative endeavor, involving the Technology Transfer Office (TTO), and as of this year, the Data Protection Officer (DPO) support office as well. The primary objective is to establish specialized hubs of knowledge within university laboratories and departments. Three years into the project, initial assessments and comments will be made.
Comparison of Maternal Blood and Fetal Liver Selenium Concentrations in California Cattle
Creators: name: Kirk, J.
name: Terra, R.
name: Gardner, I.
name: Wright, J.
name: Case, J.
name: Maas, J.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1995

description: Selenium (Se) concentrations were measured in paired maternal blood and fetal liver samples from a California slaughterhouse (SH) (beef=19, dairy=54) and from bovine abortions submitted to the California Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory System (CVDLS) (beef=20, dairy=20).
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1995
A Quantitative and qualitative inquiry into dementia and physically aggressive behaviour in residential aged care
Creators: name: Cubit, KA
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Australia has an ageing population with a proportionate increase in the number of people with dementia. Subsequently, there are an increasing number of people living in residential aged care with dementia. Indirect evidence suggests behavioural symptoms associated with dementia are of concern to nursing and care staff but there is little research that explores how and why this is the case. The behavioural symptoms of dementia are referred to as Behaviours of Concern (BoC) in this thesis. This study examines the extent to which BoC are of concern to nursing and care staff in the Tasmanian residential aged care sector. A mixed methods approach comprising two distinct phases was undertaken. The first phase was a general survey to determine the incidence and impact of BoC to provide a contextual perspective. The focus was on physically aggressive behaviour in Tasmanian Residential Aged Care Facilities (RACFs). This was important because of two identified gaps in the literature: a lack of clarity found in the reporting of incidence of physically aggressive behaviours; and an ambiguity surrounding the impact of physically aggressive behaviour on nursing and care staff. The second phase focussed on the incidence, impact, understanding and management of physically aggressive behaviour in one RACF from multiple perspectives to determine how and why it was of concern to nursing and care staff. Data were collected using multiple methods including a survey, a clinical audit, structured observation, participant observation, group discussions and interviews with nursing and care staff. The literature highlighted that physically aggressive behaviour among residents with dementia is a significant issue for nursing and care staff in RACFs. This study found a low incidence of physically aggressive behaviour among people with dementia, but that when it occurred it had a high impact on nursing and care staff. The high impact is attributed to a lack of capacity within the aged care sector to manage such behaviour effectively. This lack of capacity was due to a number of key factors. These included: the absence of a formal dementia diagnosis; a shortage of skilled nursing staff able to understand and assess individual residents' needs; a nursing and care staff shortage restricting the possibility of delivering one-to-one nursing care; a culture of tolerance to physically aggressive behaviours; a culture of resistance to the implementation of behaviour management strategies; problems with the educational preparation of staff; and ineffective communication between nursing and care staff regarding behaviour management.
title: Influence of Type of Supplemental Carbohydrate on Ruminal Responses and Methane Output from Ruminants Consuming Low-Quality Forage
Creators: name: Lira, Raul J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1999

description: In a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement, three energy supplements and two species (cows and ewes) were evaluated in two identical experimental periods: gestation and lactation. The three supplement treatments were a control, barley, and sugar beet pulp (SBP). The basal diet was tall wheatgrass straw (5.52% CP).
Forage and total dry matter intake (FDMI and TDMI, respectively) interacted (P=.04) with species, supplements, and physiological stages.
An interaction of physiological stage and sampling time occurred for pH. Supplement and sampling time interacted for butyric acid proportion and total VFA concentration.
Diet digestibility displayed an interaction between species and physiological stage. Digestibility was lower during lactation than gestation for cows, but similar for ewes. Retention time interacted for species, supplement, and physiological stage. Fill of the gastrointestinal tract responded to physiological stage. Fill of the gastrointestinal tract responded to physiological stage, with values of .80 and 1.36% BW for gestation and lactation, respectively.
Methane output displayed an interaction between species and physiological stage when data where analyzed as g CH4 d-1kg-1 BW. The highest and more variable values in CH4 losses were from ewes. From gestation to lactation, both species increased CH4 production.
Energy lost in feces responded to physiological stage (P=.0008). Across species and supplements, 48 and 60% of the GEI were lost as feces during gestation and lactation, respectively.
The use of energetic supplements in ewes depresses FDMI in late gestation, but stimulates it during lactation when a diet based on low-quality forage is fed. For cows, the use of energetic supplements does not affect FDMI during late gestation or lactation. The source of energy does not have an effect, and thus the decision will depend on the cost of supplements. Intake is more strongly affected in ewes than cows when low-quality forage is used. However, for both species, dry matter intake (DMI) is strongly depressed in late gestation.
Optical Polarization of $^{13}$C Nuclei in Diamond through Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers
Creators: name: King, Jonathan P.
name: Coles, Patrick J.
name: Reimer, Jeffrey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the polarization of the bulk $^{13}$C nuclear spin system in diamond produced by interaction with optically oriented nitrogen-vacancy (NV-) defect centers. $^{13}$C nuclei are polarized into the higher energy Zeeman state with a bulk-average polarization up to 5.2%, although local polarization may be higher. The kinetics of polarization are temperature independent, and occur within 5 minutes. Fluctuations in the dipolar field of the NV- center spin bath are identified as the mechanism by which nuclear spin transitions are induced near defect centers. Polarization is then transported to the bulk material via spin diffusion, which accounts for the observed kinetics of polarization. These results indicate control over the nuclear spin bath, a methodology to study dynamics of an NV- center ensemble, and application to sensitivity-enhanced NMR.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
title: A Dynamic Analysis of the Global Timber Market and Carbon Flux of Forest Under Global Warming: An Integrated Modeling Approach
Creators: name: Lee, Dug Man
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2000

description: As global warming migrates ecosystems toward the poles, the result has been a change in the distribution of ecosystem types and the productivity of ecosystem as well. Similar to other natural resources, forests are also potentially affected as ecosystems move toward the poles. Consequently, human beings are forced to adapt, and global warming will generate an impact on the global timber market through changes in timber harvests, regeneration inputs, stumpage prices, etc. In addition, the dynamic process of forest change in response to economic activities of human beings will accelerate or dampen the amount of carbon in the atmosphere. In this context, we propose an integrated modeling approach to identify the effect of global warming on the global timber market, and examine the feedback effect of the global timber market on global warming.
To perform the primary research objective, we estimated dynamic ecological change based on (1) the simulation results of BIOME 3 using hamburg and (2) the linearity assumptions about change in climate and ecosystem. With the estimates of dynamic ecological change, we modified the Timber Supply Model 2000 (TSM 2000) to reflect the dynamic ecological change caused by climate change. After simulating the base scenario and the climate change scenario of TSM 2000, we identified that global warming has a positive effect on the global timber market.
For the secondary research objective, we extend the modeling framework by incorporating the Terrestrial Carbon Model (TCM) designed to investigate net carbon release into the atmosphere. Simulating both the base TCM and the modified TCM which reflects climate change, we identified that the global timber market has a dampening (negative feedback) effect on global warming through net carbon sequestering. Fore sensitivity analyses, we performed these simulation procedures under three different timber demand growth scenarios
title: Effects of Antioxidants on Development of In Vitro Fertilized Bovine Embryos
Creators: name: Anderson, Bret L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1995

description: Free radicals are short-lived molecules that can cause decreased embryonic development in vitro. Antioxidants are molecules that block free radical formation or guard against their harmful effects. Many studies have linked exposure of media to light and culturing of embryos in high (20%) oxygen concentrations to free radical production. Some of the antioxidants used in culture media are superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, zinc (II), ethylenedinitrilo tetraacetic acid (EDTA), mannitol, vitamin E, dimethyl sulfide, and taurine. Most research involving antioxidants and embryonic development has been conducted on non-farm animals, particularly mouse and rabbit. Studies have shown that antioxidants in vitro culture improved embryo development to the blastocyst stage.
In this study, we evaluated the effects of SOD and catalase on bovine embryo development. Four concentrations of SOD (0, 1500, 3000, 6000 IU/ml) and catalase (0, 75, 100, 125 μg/ml) and combinations of the two antioxidants were evaluated through maturation, fertilization, and culture. SOD and catalase were first reconstituted in water and then diluted to their final concentrations. Oocytes were matured in M-199 plus 0.5 μg/ml LH, 5 μg/ml FSH, and 10% FBS at 39°C in 5% CO2 for 24 hours. They were then placed in fertilization-TALP with heparin and 1 x 106/ml sperm. Embryos were cultured in CR2 medium supplemented with alanine, glycine, and 3 mg/ml of fatty-acid free bovine serum albumin in modular incubators with 5% CO2, 5% O2, and 90% N2. Embryo development was evaluated on day 8. Three replicates with approximately 50 embryos per treatment were used to evaluate the effects of SOD and catalase. The control had better embryo development than all treatments. The treatment that was most similar to the control was treatment 2, which consisted of no SOD and 75 μg/ml catalase.
Based on these observations, levels of both SOD and catalase were lowered to 0, 100, 250, and 500 IU/ml and 0, 10, 25, and 50 μg/ml, respectively. Although these levels appeared to improve embryo development, there were no statistical differences. Based on the culture system and media currently used along with the precautions against light and oxygen concentration, we did not find any beneficial effects of supplementing medium with SOD or catalase.
Wavelength stabilized high pulse power 48 emitter laser bars for automotive light detection and ranging application
Creators: name: Klehr, Andreas
name: Liero, Armin
name: Christopher, Heike
name: Wenzel, Hans
name: Maaßdorf, Andre
name: Della Casa, Pietro
name: Fricke, Jörg
name: Ginolas, Arnim
name: Knigge, Andrea
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publ.
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: distributed Bragg reflector laser
subject: high power
subject: laser bar
subject: nanosecond pulses
subject: 530

description: Diode lasers generating optical pulses with high peak power and lengths in the nanosecond range are key components for light detection and ranging systems, e.g. for autonomous driving and object detection. We present here an internally wavelength stabilized distributed Bragg reflector broad area laser bar with 48 emitters. The vertical structure based on AlGaAs (confinement and cladding layers) and InGaAs (active quantum well) is specifically optimized for wavelength-stabilized pulsed operation, applying a surface Bragg grating with high reflectivity. The bar is electrically driven by a new in-house developed high-speed driver based on GaN transistors providing current pulses with amplitudes of up to 1000 A and a repetition frequency of 10 kHz. The generated 4 ns to 10 ns long optical pulses are nearly rectangular shaped and reach a pulse peak power in excess of 600 Watts at 25 °C. The optical spectrum with a centre wavelength of about 900 nm has a width of 0.15 nm (FWHM) with a side mode suppression ratio > 30 dB. © 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd.
title: DNA-Protein Cross-Linking by Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids
Creators: name: Drew, Gail L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1997

description: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are natural plant compounds found in hundreds of plant species worldwide and are reported to have cytotoxic, carcinogenic, antimitotic, and gentotoxic activity. PAs are metabolized by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) sytem to the pyrrole or the N-oxide form. They pyrroles are bifunctional electrophillic alkylators that bind cellular nucleophiles such as DNA and proteins and disrupt normal cell processes, including DNA replication and gene transcription, and can cause megalocytosis. The pyrroles dehyrosenecionine (DHSN) and dehydromoncrotaline (DHMO) are among the most potent PA cross-linkers and inducers of megalocytosis. DHSN and DHMO-induced cross-links in cultured normal (MDBK) and neoplastic (MCF7) cells were nalyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot and both were found to contain the protein actin. Actin is crucial to DNA replication and is known to be involved in cross-links induced by cis-dichlorodiammine platinum II (cistplatin), a well known cross-linking drug used for the treatment of cancer. Actin cross-linking may explain the antimitotic, megalocytotic, and anticarcinogenic effects of PAs.
Since protein cross-linking is an important mode of action for PAs, we were interested in what characteristics of the protein might make it a good nucleophilic target. Thus, further research was undertaken based on the hypothesis that cysteine residues, and specifically free sulfhydryl groups, are attractive targets for the bifunctional electrophilic alkylators DHSN and DHMO. Nucleophiles were selected for their abundance in the cell, their cysteine content, and their relationship to the documented side effects of PAs. Actin, glutathione (GSH), metallothionein, topoisomerase II, and cysteine were all found to cross-link with DHSN and DHMO in vitro while methionine, with no free sulfhydryl groups, did not cross-link.
Our results support the hypothesis that cysteine residues are a key characteristic of proteins that are cross-linked by PAs. The cross-links could have negative effects to the cell as in the case of binding actin or topoisomerase II to alter normal DNA processes and replication, or beneficial effects such as binding to electrophillic scavengers like GSH or metallothionine as a detoxifying mechanism. the nucleophiles we tested in vitro and found to form cross-links with DHSN and DHMO may help to explain the antimitotic carcinogenic, and anticarcinogenic effects of PAs.
Effect of Pasture Trace Mineral Supplementation on Liver Mineral Levels and Postweaning Health
Creators: name: Grotelueschen, D.
name: Wohlers, A.
name: Dewey, C.
name: Rush, I.
name: Braselton, E.
name: Johnson, B.
name: Pollreisz, J.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1995

description: The development of healthy, immune competent beef animals during the cow/calf phase of production can be important for successful transition of weaned calves to the feedlot. The objectives of this trial were to determine if differences are present in liver mineral levels, feedlot morbidity and mortality, weaning weights, and serological titers of calves nursing dams supplemented with and having access to one of three mineral supplements: sulfate-based trace minerals, metal-complexed trace minerals, and a control mineral. An additional objective was to determine if differences in liver mineral levels are present in cows fed one of the three minerals on a free choice basis.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1995
Filtering 'ways of seeing' through their lenses: representations of Antarctic exploration by lesser known Heroic Era photographers.
Creators: name: Millar, PM
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Photographers made a major contribution to the recording of the Heroic Era of Antarctic exploration. By far the best known photographers were the professionals, Herbert Ponting and Frank Hurley, hired to photograph British and Australasian expeditions. But a great number of photographs were also taken on Belgian, German, Swedish, French, Norwegian and Japanese expeditions. These were taken by amateurs, sometimes designated official photographers, often scientists recording their research. Apart from a few Pole-reaching images from the Norwegian expedition, these lesser known expedition photographers and their work seldom feature in the scholarly literature on the Heroic Era, but they, too, have their importance. They played a vital role in the growing understanding and advancement of Antarctic science; they provided visual evidence of their nation's determination to penetrate the polar unknown; and they played a formative role in public perceptions of Antarctic geopolitics. The objective of this study is to collate background information and literature on lesser known Heroic Era photographers and to offer a discursive examination of photographs, assessing their representations of exploration in Antarctica. Photographers' 'ways of seeing' were influenced by their backgrounds and often by the history of their nations' involvement in Arctic exploration. Their representations were shaped within contexts of prevailing polar exploration discourses‚ÄövÑvÆthe race for the South Pole, nationalism, heroic adventure, and scientific investigation. The images they brought back were determined by the nature of their expeditions, whether inherently scientific, nationalist, or adventure-seeking; by the various sponsoring imperatives; and by how their photographic documentation was intended to be used. This study is important because it offers a comparative consideration of photographers of less well known expeditions from a range of nations and cultures, offering new layers of understanding of the forces that drove the exploration of Antarctica. It is based on principles of historiography and on discourse analysis, an appropriate method for examining the multi-layered cultural messages within the images.
A Subexponential Algorithm for Evaluating Large Degree Isogenies
Creators: name: Jao, David
name: Soukharev, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11Y16

description: An isogeny between elliptic curves is an algebraic morphism which is a group homomorphism. Many applications in cryptography require evaluating large degree isogenies between elliptic curves efficiently. For ordinary curves of the same endomorphism ring, the previous best known algorithm has a worst case running time which is exponential in the length of the input. In this paper we show this problem can be solved in subexponential time under reasonable heuristics. Our approach is based on factoring the ideal corresponding to the kernel of the isogeny, modulo principal ideals, into a product of smaller prime ideals for which the isogenies can be computed directly. Combined with previous work of Bostan et al., our algorithm yields equations for large degree isogenies in quasi-optimal time given only the starting curve and the kernel.
description: Final version, to appear in ANTS IX
Localization in boundary-driven lattice models
Creators: name: Giusfredi, Michele
name: Iubini, Stefano
name: Politi, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several systems display an equilibrium condensation transition, where a finite fraction of a conserved quantity is spatially localized. The presence of two conservation laws may induce the emergence of such transition in an out-of-equilibrium setup, where boundaries are attached to different and subcritical heat baths. We study this phenomenon in a class of stochastic lattice models, where the local energy is a general convex function of the local mass, mass and energy being both globally conserved in the isolated system. We obtain exact results for the nonequilibrium steady state (spatial profiles, mass and energy currents, Onsager coefficients) and we highlight important differences between equilibrium and out-of-equilibrium condensation.
description: Accepted for publication in the Journal of Statistical Physics. The Introduction and the presentation of the results have been strongly revised. 30 pages, 9 figures
title: Development of an Ovine Genome Map with Emphasis on In Situ Hybridization
Creators: name: Heaton, Melanie R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1996

description: Livestock genome maps are used to identify economic trait loci and loci proximal to genes affecting economically important traits. This research contributes to the development of the ovine genome map by establishing techniques to physically map large DNA inserts to ovine chromosomes using fluorescent in situ hybridization. Fluorescent in situ hybridization techniques were established using yeast artificial chromosomes as DNA probes. Probes were as large as 1,000,000 kilobases and hybridized to fixed ovine metaphase chromosomes from a callipyge ewe. Three yeast artificial chromosome probes contained a genetic marker for the ovine callipyge gene. Probes were assigned to ovine chromosome pair 18, which was distinguished by a fluorescent R-band pattern. This method verified the location of the marker, which had previously been assigned to chromosome 18 through linkage analysis. This study also determined whether a chromosomal alteration is the cause of the callipyge phenotype, an economically advantageous trait where muscle mass is increased and fat deposition is decreased. A fibroblast cell line was produced from a six-month-old callipyge ewe. Chromosomes were examined using G and R dynamic banding techniques. The ewe had a normal diploid chromosome number of 54, and the karyotype consisted of 3 pairs of submetacentric chromosomes, 23 pairs of acrocentric autosomes, and 2 large acrocentric X chromosomes. G and R banding did not reveal any chromosomal structural abnormalities at the level of resolution (premetaphase) used in this study.
Select Immune Response in Beef Calves Grazing Endophyte-infected Tall Fescue
Creators: name: Saker, K. E.
name: Swecker, W. S.
name: Allen, V. G.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1995

description: Copper status and immune response of weaned beef steers that grazed endophye-infected (Acremonium coenophinlum, Morgan Jones and Gams) tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) was evaluated in a 6 month, bi-location study(Ridge-Valley [R-V] and Southern Piedmont [SP] regions ofVirginia).
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1995
The genus Raysymmela Saylor, 1947 (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Melolonthinae, Sericini): taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis
Creators: name: Pacheco, Thaynara L.
name: Wipfler, Benedict
name: Monné, Marcela L.
name: Ahrens, Dirk
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: Here we revise the taxonomy of the South American genus Raysymmela Saylor, 1947 and perform a phylogenetic analysis based on 126 morphological characters. We propose one new synonym, Raysymmela pallipes (Blanchard, 1850) (= Symmela boliviensis Moser, 1919 syn. n.), and three new combinations, Raysymmela costaricensis (Moser, 1924) comb. n., Raysymmela seticollis (Moser, 1921) comb. n., and Raysymmela varians (Erichson, 1847) comb. n. Two new species are described: Raysymmela equatorialis sp. n. (Ecuador) and R. erwini sp. n. (Bolivia). Lectotypes of following taxa were designated: Symmela boliviensis Moser, 1919, S. bruchi Moser, 1924, S. costaricensis Moser, 1924, S. curtula Erichson, 1835, S. pallipes Blanchard, 1850, S. seticollis Moser, 1921, and S. varians Erichson, 1847. Species are redescribed and a key to species is given, external morphological features as well as aedeagus are illustrated for all taxa. Distribution maps as well as a key to currently known South American genera of Sericini are provided. From phylogenetic analysis using parsimony, Raysymmela is not recovered as monophyletic.
Immunologic and Other Strategies to Overcoine Fescue Toxicosis
Creators: name: Thompson, F. N.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1995

description: Tall fescue has desirable compositional characteristics, withstands heavy grazing and environmental stresses. However, animal performance (body weight gains and reproductive efficiency) is depressed in animals grazing this forage. The signs exhibited by affected animals are exacerbated by elevated environmental temperatures and humidity. Affected animals have long, rough hair coats, excessive salivation and avoid sunlight. Increased respiratory rates arid body temperatures are also observed. Relative to reproduction, milk yields and pregnancy rates are depressed. No microscopic or gross lesions are associated with the general syndrome of fescue toxicosis.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1995
Properties of the ionised plasma in the vicinity of the neutron-star X-ray binary EXO 0748-676
Creators: name: van Peet, J. C. A.
name: Costantini, E.
name: Méndez, M.
name: Paerels, F. B. S.
name: Cottam, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the spectral analysis of a large set of XMM-Newton observations of EXO 0748-676, a bright dipping LMXB. In particular, we focus on the dipping phenomenon as a result of changes in the properties of the ionised gas close to the source. Using the high-resolution spectra collected with the RGS, we explored two simple geometrical scenarios for which we derived physical quantities of the absorbing material like the density, size, and mass. We find that the continuum is absorbed by a neutral gas, and by both a collisionally (temperature T~70 eV) and photoionised (ionisation parameter logξ~2.5) absorbers. Emission lines from OVII and OVIII are also detected. This is the first time that evidence of a collisionally ionised absorber has been found in a low-mass X-ray binary. The collisionally ionised absorber may be in the form of dense (n>10^14 cm^-3) filaments, located at a distance r>10^11 cm. During dips, the photoionised absorber significantly increases its column density (factor 2--4) while becoming less ionised. This strengthens the idea that the colder material of the accretion stream impinging the disc is passing on our line of sight during dips. We find that the distance from the neutron star to the impact region (~ 5x10^10 cm) is similar to the size of the neutron star's Roche lobe. The gas observed during the persistent state may have a flattened geometry. Finally, we explore the possibility of the existence of material forming an initial, hotter portion of a circumbinary disc.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
title: An Empirical Study of the Real Exchange Rate Misalignment and Its Effects on the Macro-Economic Performance of Bangladesh
Creators: name: Karim, Md. Shahnawaz
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1997

description: This paper provides empirical study of whether there was a misalignment of the real exchange rate (RER) in the Bangladesh economy during 1976-1991. The time series of multilateral and bilateral RER indexes were computed for the period 1976-1991. The computed series of RER were indexed to a base year of when the RER attained its highest level and thereby appeared to be closer to the actual long-run equilibrium RER.
In the empirical part of this thesis, five different RER indexes were computed: multilateral real exchange rate index 1 (MRER1), multilateral real exchange rate index 2 (MRER2), bilateral real exchange index 1 (BRER1), bilateral real exchange rate index 2 (BRER2), and black market bilateral exchange rate index 1 (BMRER1). Computation of the multilateral and bilateral RER indexes involved data on trade weights and wholesale and consumer price indexes of the domestic economy and its trading partners, besides their nominal official exchange rates. As a result, the study period was not large enough due to the unavailability of data on all variables involved.
Misalignment of RER refers to the sustained deviation of the observed RER from its long-run equilibrium level. Three different measures of RER misalignment were constructed: purchasing power parity (RERMISPP), instability (RERMISINSTA), and black market (RERMISBLK). The MRER1, BRER2, and BMRER1 indexes were used respectively, in contrasting RERMISPP, RERMISINSTA, and RERMISBLK measures of RER misalignment.
All of these measures demonstrated RER misalignment in Bangladesh during 1976-1991. In order to compute the long-run equilibrium RER, a multivariate regression was executed with respect to the RER fundamental real variables.
Later, a time series of three different measures of RER misalignment index was regressed on the time series of the growth rate of real GDP (gross domestic product), exports, imports, savings, and investment for 1976-1991 to bring about the effects of RER misalignment on the macroeconomic performance of Bangladesh. It was found that RER misalignment adversely affected the macroeconomic performance of Bangladesh. An effectiveness index of nominal devaluation as a preventive policy eroded in later years. Consequently, a cross episode regression was executed to appraise the efficacy of 10 nominal devaluation episodes. It was found that when supplementary macroeconomic policies, such as the growth rate of domestic credit, growth rate of domestic credit to the public sector, and the growth rate in the ratio of public sector to total domestic credit were taken into consideration, nominal devaluation became more effective in bringing about the real devaluation.
A Stochastic Rounding-Enabled Low-Precision Floating-Point MAC for DNN Training
Creators: name: Ali, Sami Ben
name: Filip, Silviu-Ioan
name: Sentieys, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Training Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) can be computationally demanding, particularly when dealing with large models. Recent work has aimed to mitigate this computational challenge by introducing 8-bit floating-point (FP8) formats for multiplication. However, accumulations are still done in either half (16-bit) or single (32-bit) precision arithmetic. In this paper, we investigate lowering accumulator word length while maintaining the same model accuracy. We present a multiply-accumulate (MAC) unit with FP8 multiplier inputs and FP12 accumulations, which leverages an optimized stochastic rounding (SR) implementation to mitigate swamping errors that commonly arise during low precision accumulations. We investigate the hardware implications and accuracy impact associated with varying the number of random bits used for rounding operations. We additionally attempt to reduce MAC area and power by proposing a new scheme to support SR in floating-point MAC and by removing support for subnormal values. Our optimized eager SR unit significantly reduces delay and area when compared to a classic lazy SR design. Moreover, when compared to MACs utilizing single-or half-precision adders, our design showcases notable savings in all metrics. Furthermore, our approach consistently maintains near baseline accuracy across a diverse range of computer vision tasks, making it a promising alternative for low-precision DNN training.
Efficacy of Ceftiofur Sodium (NAXCEL ®) as Therapy for Experimentally Induced Bacterial Foot Rot
Creators: name: Berg, J. N.
name: Henke, C. L.
name: Hanson, B. J.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1995

description: The objective of this dose finding-efficacy study was to evaluate the efficacy of 0.5 and 1.0 mg of ceftiofur sodium per pound body weight given IM once daily for three consecutive days for treatment of acute bacterial foot rot in cattle when compared to similar treated placebo controls. An established model that produces lesions virtually identical to naturally occurring acute foot rot was utilized for this study. The study was initiated and completed during April 1992.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1995