cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Symmetries of a mean-field spin model
Creators: name: Paškauskas, Rytis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermodynamic limit evolution of a closed quantum Heisenberg-type spin model with mean-field interactions is characterized by classifying all the symmetries of the equations of motion. It is shown that parameters of the model induce a structure in the Hilbert space by partitioning it into invariant subspaces, decoupled by the underlying Bogoliubov-Born-Green-Kirkwood-Yvon (BBGKY) hierarchy. All possible partitions are classified in terms of a $3\times3$ matrix of effective, thermodynamic limit coupling constants. It is found that there are either 1, 2, 4, or O(N) invariant subspaces. The BBGKY hierarchy decouples into the corresponding number of anti-Hermitian operators on each subspace. These findings imply that equilibration and the equilibrium in this model depend on the initial conditions.
description: 23 pages
Heisenberg's uncertainty principle and particle trajectories
Creators: name: Aristarhov, Serj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we critically analyse W. Heisenberg's arguments against the ontology of point particles following trajectories in quantum theory, presented in his famous 1927 paper and in his Chicago lectures (1929). Along the way, we will clarify the meaning of Heisenberg's uncertainty relation and help resolve some confusions related to it.
description: 13 pages
Phenomenology of a Light Cold Dark Matter Two-Singlet Model
Creators: name: Abada, Abdessamad
name: Nasri, Salah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the implications of phenomenological processes on a two-singlet extension of the Standard Model we introduced in a previous work to describe light cold dark matter. We look into the rare decays of $Υ$ and $B$ mesons, most particularly the invisible channels, and study the decay channels of the Higgs particle. Preferred regions of the parameter space are indicated, together with others that are excluded. Comments in relation to recent Higgs searches and finds at the LHC are made.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Spin Dynamics at Very Low Temperature in Spin Ice Dy$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$
Creators: name: Matsuhira, K.
name: Paulsen, C.
name: Lhotel, E.
name: Sekine, C.
name: Hiroi, Z.
name: Takagi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed AC susceptibility and DC magnetic relaxation measurements on the spin ice system Dy$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ down to 0.08 K. The relaxation time of the magnetization has been estimated below 2 K down to 0.08 K. The spin dynamics of Dy$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ is well described by using two relaxation times ($τ_{\rm S}$ (short time) and $τ_{\rm L}$ (long time)). Both $τ_{\rm S}$ and $τ_{\rm L}$ increase on cooling. Assuming the Arrhenius law in the temperature range 0.5-1 K, we obtained an energy barrier of 9 K. Below 0.5 K, both $τ_{\rm S}$ and $τ_{\rm L}$ show a clear deviation from the thermal activated dynamics toward temperature independent relaxation, suggesting a quantum dynamics.
description: 4 pages
Measurement of Rb-Rb van der Waals coefficient via Quantum Diffractive Universality
Creators: name: Stewart, Riley A.
name: Shen, Pinrui
name: Booth, James L.
name: Madison, Kirk W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collisions between trapped atoms or trapped molecules with room temperature particles in the surrounding vacuum induce loss of the trapped population at a rate proportional to the density of the background gas particles. The total velocity-averaged loss rate coefficient $\langle σ_\mathrm{tot} v \rangle$ for such collisions and the variation of the loss rate with trap depth has been shown to depend only on the long range interaction potential between the collision partners. This collision universality was previously used to realize a self-calibrating, atom-based, primary pressure standard and was validated by indirect comparison with an orifice flow standard. Here, we use collision universality to measure $\langle σ_\mathrm{tot} v \rangle = 6.44(11)(5) \times 10^{-15}~\rm{m^3/s}$ for Rb-Rb collisions and deduce the corresponding $C_6 = 4688(198)(95)~E_ha_0^6$, in excellent agreement with predictions based upon $\textit{ab initio}$ calculated and previously measured $C_6$ values.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Geoeffectiveness of Interplanetary Shocks Controlled by Impact Angles: Past Research, Recent Advancements, and Future Work
Creators: name: Oliveira, Denny M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interplanetary (IP) shocks are disturbances commonly observed in the solar wind. IP shock impacts can cause a myriad of space weather effects in the Earth's magnetopause, inner magnetosphere, ionosphere, thermosphere, and ground magnetic field. The shock impact angle, measured as the angle the shock normal vector performs with the Sun-Earth line, has been shown to be a very important parameter that controls shock geoeffectivess. An extensive review provided by Oliveira and Samsonov (2018) summarized all the work known at the time with respect to shock impact angles and geomagnetic activity; however, this topic has had some progress since Oliveira and Samsonov (2018) and the main goal of this mini review is to summarize all achievements to date in the topic to the knowledge of the author. Finally, this mini review also brings a few suggestions and ideas for future research in the area of IP shock impact angle geoeffectiveness.
description: 13 pages, 1 figuew
Synchronization of globally coupled two-state stochastic oscillators with a state dependent refractory period
Creators: name: Escaff, Daniel
name: Harbola, Upendra
name: Lindenberg, Katja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model of identical coupled two-state stochastic units each of which in isolation is governed by a fixed refractory period. The nonlinear coupling between units directly affects the refractory period, which now depends on the global state of the system and can therefore itself become time dependent. At weak coupling the array settles into a quiescent stationary state. Increasing coupling strength leads to a saddle node bifurcation, beyond which the quiescent state coexists with a stable limit cycle of nonlinear coherent oscillations. We explicitly determine the critical coupling constant for this transition.
Graph Embedding Augmented Skill Rating System
Creators: name: Wang, Jiasheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a framework for learning player embeddings in competitive games and events. Players and their win-loss relationships are modeled as a skill gap graph, which is an undirected weighted graph. The player embeddings are learned from the graph using a random walk-based graph embedding method and can reflect the relative skill levels among players. Embeddings are low-dimensional vector representations that can be conveniently applied to subsequent tasks while still preserving the topological relationships in a graph. In the latter part of this paper, Graphical Elo (GElo) is introduced as an application of player embeddings when rating player skills. GElo is an extension of the classic Elo rating system. It constructs a skill gap graph based on player match histories and learns player embeddings from it. Afterward, the rating scores that were calculated by Elo are adjusted according to player activeness and cosine similarities among player embeddings. GElo can be executed offline and in parallel, and it is non-intrusive to existing rating systems. Experiments on public datasets show that GElo makes a more reliable evaluation of player skill levels than vanilla Elo. The experimental results suggest potential applications of player embeddings in competitive games and events.
Rapid decline in the lightcurves of luminous supernovae by jet-driven bipolar explosions
Creators: name: Akashi, Muhammad
name: Michaelis, Amir
name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the lightcurves of jet-driven bipolar core collapse supernova (CCSN) explosions into a bipolar circumstellar mater (CSM) and show that an equatorial observer finds the lightcurves to possess a rapid, and even an abrupt, drop. The scenario that might lead to such an explosion morphology is a common envelope evolution (CEE) where shortly before the CCSN explosion the RSG progenitor interacts with a more compact companion that spirals-in and spins-up the core. The companion can be a main sequence star, a neutron star, or a black hole. The binary interaction ejects a shell through an intensive wind and the CEE ejects a denser gas in the equatorial plane. We assume that the companion accretes mass and launches jets. We conduct three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamical simulations where we launch weak jets, the shaping jets, into the dense shell and show that the interaction forms a bipolar CSM. As a result of the rapid pre-collapse core rotation jets drive the CCSN explosion. We simulate the interaction of the jets with the bipolar CSM and use a simple scheme to calculate the lightcurves. We show that the abrupt drop in the lightcurve of an observer not too close to the polar directions can account for the lightcurve of the hydrogen poor luminous supernova (LSN) SN 2018don. Our study strengthens the claim that jet-driven explosions account for many, even most, CCSNe.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Kossinna, Gustaf. Die deutsche Vorgeschichte, eine hervorragend nationale Wissenschaft
Creators: name: Jacob-Friesen, Karl Hermann
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2020

description: Rezension zu: Kossinna, Gustaf. Die deutsche Vorgeschichte, eine hervorragend nationale Wissenschaft. VII. Auflage, durchgesehen und durch Anmerkungen ergänzt von Werner Hülle. 8°, 302 Seiten mit 483 Abbildungen. Leipzig 1936. Verlag Curt Kabitzsch
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 10 (1936): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Computing committors via Mahalanobis diffusion maps with enhanced sampling data
Creators: name: Evans, Luke
name: Cameron, Maria K.
name: Tiwary, Pratyush
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The study of phenomena such as protein folding and conformational changes in molecules is a central theme in chemical physics. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is the primary tool for the study of transition processes in biomolecules, but it is hampered by a huge timescale gap between the processes of interest and atomic vibrations which dictate the time step size. Therefore, it is imperative to combine MD simulations with other techniques in order to quantify the transition processes taking place on large timescales. In this work, the diffusion map with Mahalanobis kernel, a meshless approach for approximating the Backward Kolmogorov Operator (BKO) in collective variables, is upgraded to incorporate standard enhanced sampling techniques such as metadynamics. The resulting algorithm, which we call the "target measure Mahalanobis diffusion map" (tm-mmap), is suitable for a moderate number of collective variables in which one can approximate the diffusion tensor and free energy. Imposing appropriate boundary conditions allows use of the approximated BKO to solve for the committor function and utilization of transition path theory to find the reactive current delineating the transition channels and the transition rate. The proposed algorithm, tm-mmap, is tested on the two-dimensional Moro-Cardin two-well system with position-dependent diffusion coefficient and on alanine dipeptide in two collective variables where the committor, the reactive current, and the transition rate are compared to those computed by the finite element method (FEM). Finally, tm-mmap is applied to alanine dipeptide in four collective variables where the use of finite elements is infeasible.
description: Restructured introduction, improved explanation of key algorithms and formulas (Section II.C and III.B,C). Streamlined presentation and proof of Theorem 1
Dumpy: A Compact and Adaptive Index for Large Data Series Collections
Creators: name: Wang, Zeyu
name: Wang, Qitong
name: Wang, Peng
name: Palpanas, Themis
name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data series indexes are necessary for managing and analyzing the increasing amounts of data series collections that are nowadays available. These indexes support both exact and approximate similarity search, with approximate search providing high-quality results within milliseconds, which makes it very attractive for certain modern applications. Reducing the pre-processing (i.e., index building) time and improving the accuracy of search results are two major challenges. DSTree and the iSAX index family are state-of-the-art solutions for this problem. However, DSTree suffers from long index building times, while iSAX suffers from low search accuracy. In this paper, we identify two problems of the iSAX index family that adversely affect the overall performance. First, we observe the presence of a proximity-compactness trade-off related to the index structure design (i.e., the node fanout degree), significantly limiting the efficiency and accuracy of the resulting index. Second, a skewed data distribution will negatively affect the performance of iSAX. To overcome these problems, we propose Dumpy, an index that employs a novel multi-ary data structure with an adaptive node splitting algorithm and an efficient building workflow. Furthermore, we devise Dumpy-Fuzzy as a variant of Dumpy which further improves search accuracy by proper duplication of series. Experiments with a variety of large, real datasets demonstrate that the Dumpy solutions achieve considerably better efficiency, scalability and search accuracy than its competitors. This paper was published in SIGMOD'23.
J/psi production in pp and Pb-Pb with ALICE at the LHC
Creators: name: Hugo, Pereira Da Costa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ALICE is the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiment dedicated to the study of heavy ion collisions. The main purpose of ALICE is to investigate the properties of a new state of deconfined nuclear matter, the Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP). Quarkonium measurements will play a crucial role in this investigation due to the interplay of several competing mechanisms that are predicted to modify its production in the presence of a QGP. During the 2010 and 2011 LHC campaigns, ALICE took pp data at sqrt(s)=2.76 and 7 TeV and Pb-Pb data at sqrt(s_nn)=2.76 TeV. We present the latest results of J/psi production under these conditions, measured by the ALICE experiment at both mid- and forward-rapidities.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures. Proceedings for the PANIC 2011 Conference, Boston, USA (2011, July 24-29)
Optical Phonon Anomaly in Bilayer Graphene with Ultrahigh Carrier Densities
Creators: name: Yan, Jia-An
name: Varga, K.
name: Chou, M. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron-phonon coupling (EPC) in bilayer graphene (BLG) at different doping levels is studied by first-principles calculations. The phonons considered are long-wavelength high-energy symmetric (S) and antisymmetric (AS) optical modes. Both are shown to have distinct EPC-induced phonon linewidths and frequency shifts as a function of the Fermi level $E_F$. We find that the AS mode has a strong coupling with the lowest two conduction bands when the Fermi level $E_F$ is nearly 0.5 eV above the neutrality point, giving rise to a giant linewidth (more than 100 cm$^{-1}$) and a significant frequency softening ($\sim$ 60 cm$^{-1}$). Our \emph{ab initio} calculations show that the origin of the dramatic change arises from the unusual band structure in BLG. The results highlight the band structure effects on the EPC in BLG in the high carrier density regime.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Land der Entdeckungen. Die Archäologie des friesischen Küstenraums – Land van ontdekkingen. De archeologie van het Friese kustgebied
Creators: name: Eilbracht, Heidemarie
Publisher: name: Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica
Year: 2020

description: Rezension zu: Land der Entdeckungen. Die Archäologie des friesischen Küstenraums – Land van ontdekkingen. De archeologie van het Friese kustgebied. Begleitband zu den gleichnamigen Einzelausstellungen in Emden, Assen, Leeuwarden und Groningen. Hrsg. von der Ostfriesischen Landschaft. 480 Seiten, zahlreiche Abbildungen. Ostfriesische Landschaftliche Verlags- und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH, Aurich 2013. ISBN 978-3-940601-16-2
description: Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica, Bd. 46 (2014)
Production of loosely-bound hadron molecules from bottomonium decays
Creators: name: Marietti, Davide
name: Pilloni, Alessandro
name: Tamponi, Umberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present multiple results on the production of loosely-bound molecules in bottomonium annihilations and $e^+e^-$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 10.58$ GeV. We perform the first comprehensive test of several models for deuteron production against all the existing data in this energy region. We fit the free parameters of the models to reproduce the observed cross sections, and we predict the deuteron spectrum and production and the cross section for the $e^+e^- \to d\bar{d} + X$ process both at the $Υ(1,2,3S)$ resonances and at $\sqrt{s}=10.58$ GeV. The predicted spectra show differences but are all compatible with the uncertainties of the existing data. These differences could be addressed if larger datasets are collected by the Belle~II experiment. Fixing the source size parameter to reproduce the deuteron data, we then predict the production rates for $H$ dibaryon and hypertriton in this energy region using a simple coalescence model. Our prediction on $H$ dibaryon production rate is below the limits set by the direct search at the Belle experiment, but in the range accessible to the Belle~II experiment. The systematic effect due to the MC modelling of quarks and gluon fragmentation into baryons is reduced deriving a new tuning of the \pythia MonteCarlo generator using the available measurement of single- and double-particle spectra in $Υ$ decays.
Mechanical behavior of ion-irradiated ODS RAF steels strengthened with different types of refractory oxides
Creators: name: Frelek-Kozak, M.
name: Kurpaska, Ł.
name: Mulewska, K.
name: Zieliński, M.
name: Diduszko, R.
name: Kosińska, A.
name: Kalita, D.
name: Chromiński, W.
name: Turek, M.
name: Kaszyca, K.
name: Zaborowska, A.
name: Jagielski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work, authors focused on verifying structural and mechanical properties of Oxide Dispersed Strengthening (ODS) steels strengthened by three different types of refractory oxides submitted to ion-irradiation. Three materials strengthened with Y2O3 or Al2O3 or ZrO2 were produced by mechanical alloying and Spark Plasma Sintering technique. Specimens have been submitted to high energy Ar-ion irradiation at room temperature with three fluences. This procedure allowed to generate strongly damaged zone with a thickness of 230nm. SEM/EBSD and TEM observations, GIXRD analysis, and nanoindentation tests have been included in examination of modified layers. Investigation revealed alteration of structural and mechanical features as a result of Ar-irradiation. Obtained results showed a strong correlation between the strengthening oxide and materials' behavior under radiation damage. It has been proved that below 1x1015ions/cm2 mechanical properties in the modified layer of all materials are very similar. Reported behavior may be related to the efficient annealing of the radiation defect process. Above this limit, significant differences between the materials are visible. It is believed that described phenomenon is directly related to the presence of the structural features and their capacity to act as defect sinks. Consequently, type of dominant mechanisms occurring in modified layer is proposed.
Broadband sum frequency generation via chirped quasi-phase-matching
Creators: name: Rangelov, A. A.
name: Vitanov, N. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An efficient broadband sum frequency generation (SFG) technique using the two collinear optical parametric processes ω3=ω1+ω2 and ω4=ω1+ω3 is proposed. The technique uses chirped quasi-phase-matched gratings, which, in the undepleted pump approximation, make SFG analogous to adiabatic population transfer in three-state systems with crossing energies in quantum physics. If the local modulation period %for aperiodically poled quasi-phase-matching first makes the phase match occur for ω3 and then for ω4 SFG processes then the energy is converted adiabatically to the ω4 field. Efficient SFG of the ω4 field is also possible by the opposite direction of the local modulation sweep; then transient SFG of the ω3 field is strongly reduced. Most of these features remain valid in the nonlinear regime of depleted pump.
Lumbar Spine Degeneration Detection Using MRI Images
Creators: name: L, Ravi Teja
name: Chevuri, Govardhan Reddy
name: Chundi, Samba Sivuni Sai Kiran
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Lumbar Spine Degeneration
MRI Image Classification
Deep Learning
Convolutional Neural Networks
Medical Imaging
Subarticular Stenosis Detection

description: This study presents a deep learning-based system for classifying lumbar spine degeneration using MRI images. A hybrid Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) model was developed, integrating image-based features and coordinate data to detect the severity of Left Subarticular Stenosis. Transfer Learning techniques, including DenseNet, ResNet, and VGG16, were explored for performance enhancement. The model was evaluated using multiple metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, AUC-ROC, and F1-score. Results indicate that the custom CNN-MLP hybrid model offers improved diagnostic accuracy compared to traditional methods. The findings emphasize the growing role of deep learning in automated medical image analysis.
Bericht über die Arbeit der Kommission zur Erforschung von Sammlungen archäologischer Funde und Unterlagen aus dem nordöstlichen Mitteleuropa (KAFU) im Jahr 2014
Creators: name: Neumayer, Heino
Publisher: name: Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica
Year: 2020

description: Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica, Bd. 47 (2015)
Measurement of Inclusive and Dijet D* Meson Cross Sections in Photoproduction at HERA
Creators: name: H1 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inclusive photoproduction of D\ast mesons and of D\ast-tagged dijets is investigated with the H1 detector at the ep collider HERA. The kinematic region covers small photon virtualities Q2 < 2 GeV2 and photon-proton centre-of-mass energies of 100 < Wgp < 285 GeV. Inclusive D\ast meson differential cross sections are measured for central rapidities |eta(D\ast)| < 1.5 and transverse momenta pT (D\ast) > 1.8 GeV. The heavy quark production process is further investigated in events with at least two jets with transverse momentum pT (jet) > 3.5 GeV each, one containing the D\ast meson. Differential cross sections for D\ast-tagged dijet production and for correlations between the jets are measured in the range |eta(D\ast)| < 1.5 and pT (D\ast) > 2.1 GeV. The results are compared with predictions from Monte Carlo simulations and next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations.
description: 36 pages, 10 figures, 8 tables, submitted to EPJC
Stadtleben im römischen Deutschland. Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier/Landesmuseum Württemberg (Hrsg.). Offizieller Begleitband zur Ausstellung „Ein Traum von Rom“
Creators: name: Neumayer, Heino
Publisher: name: Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica
Year: 2020

description: Rezension zu: Stadtleben im römischen Deutschland. Rheinisches Landesmuseum Trier/Landesmuseum Württemberg (Hrsg.). Offizieller Begleitband zur Ausstellung „Ein Traum von Rom“. Theiss-Verlag, Stuttgart 2014. 372 S., ca. 420 Abb. ISBN 978-3-8062-2887-8
description: Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica, Bd. 47 (2015)
DIALITE: Discover, Align and Integrate Open Data Tables
Creators: name: Khatiwada, Aamod
name: Shraga, Roee
name: Miller, Renée J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We demonstrate a novel table discovery pipeline called DIALITE that allows users to discover, integrate and analyze open data tables. DIALITE has three main stages. First, it allows users to discover tables from open data platforms using state-of-the-art table discovery techniques. Second, DIALITE integrates the discovered tables to produce an integrated table. Finally, it allows users to analyze the integration result by applying different downstreaming tasks over it. Our pipeline is flexible such that the user can easily add and compare additional discovery and integration algorithms.
description: SIGMOD 2023
Self-support topology optimization considering distortion for metal additive manufacturing
Creators: name: Miki, Takao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a self-support topology optimization method that considers distortion to improve the manufacturability of additive manufacturing. First, a self-support constraint is proposed that combines an overhang angle constraint with an adjustable degree of the dripping effect and a thermal constraint for heat dissipation in the building process. Next, we introduce a mechanical model based on the inherent strain method in the building process and propose a constraint that can suppress distortion. An optimization problem is formulated to satisfy all constraints, and an optimization algorithm based on level-set-based topology optimization is constructed. Finally, two- and three-dimensional optimization examples are presented to validate the effectiveness of the proposed topology optimization method.
description: 38 pages, 29 figures
The massless three-loop Wilson coefficients for the deep-inelastic structure functions $F_2, F_L, xF_3$ and $g_1$
Creators: name: Blümlein, J.
name: Marquard, P.
name: Schneider, C.
name: Schönwald, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the massless unpolarized Wilson coefficients for deeply inelastic scattering for the structure functions $F_2(x,Q^2), F_L(x,Q^2), x F_3(x,Q^2)$ in the $\overline{\sf MS}$ scheme and the polarized Wilson coefficients of the structure function $g_1(x,Q^2)$ in the Larin scheme up to three--loop order in QCD in a fully automated way based on the method of arbitrary high Mellin moments. We work in the Larin scheme in the case of contributing axial--vector couplings or polarized nucleons. For the unpolarized structure functions we compare to results given in the literature. The polarized three--loop Wilson coefficients are calculated for the first time. As a by--product we also obtain the quarkonic three--loop anomalous dimensions from the $O(1/\varepsilon)$ terms of the unrenormalized forward Compton amplitude. Expansions for small and large values of the Bjorken variable $x$ are provided.
description: 159 pages Latex
High magnetic field evolution of the in-plane angular magnetoresistance of electron-doped Sr1-xLaxCuO2 in the normal state
Creators: name: Jovanović, V. P.
name: Raffy, H.
name: Li, Z. Z.
name: Reményi, G.
name: Monceau, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the in-plane angular magnetoresistance (AMR), in the normal state, of underdoped superconducting Sr1-xLaxCuO2 , which has the simplest crystal structure among cuprates. The measurements of two underdoped thin films with different dopings were performed in intense magnetic field H (up to 22 T). The longitudinal magnetoresistance at temperature T is negative and scales with H/T. For both samples, the AMR is anisotropic and shows an unexpected dependence on H intensity. While at the low magnetic field, one observes essentially twofold AMR oscillations for the more doped sample, fourfold ones start to grow under the high magnetic field, resulting in the coexistence of the two. For the less doped film at the low magnetic field, both twofold and fourfold AMR components exist. With the increase of the magnetic field, the fourfold component survives a pi/4 phase shift, during which its amplitude vanishes, at a magnetic field Hc such as: 16 T < Hc < 17 T. As a result, at the high magnetic field above Hc, the angular dependence of the in-plane magnetoresistance turns out to be the same for both samples. We tentatively ascribe the above features to the presence of anti-ferromagnetism in the CuO2 planes of underdoped Sr1-xLaxCuO2.
description: 9 pages 5 figures
Augmenting the residue theorem with boundary terms in finite-density calculations
Creators: name: Gorda, Tyler
name: Österman, Juuso
name: Säppi, Saga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At zero temperature and finite chemical potential, $d$-dimensional loop integrals with complex-valued integrands in the imaginary-time formalism yield results dependent on the integration order. We observe this even with the simplest one-loop dimensionally regularized integrals. Computing such integrals by evaluating the spatial $\mathrm{d}^{d} p$ integral before the temporal $\mathrm{d} p_0$ integral yields results consistent with those obtained at small but nonvanishing temperatures. Computing the temporal integral first by applying the residue theorem to the integrand yields a different answer. The same holds for general complexified propagators. In this work we aim to understand the theoretical background behind this difference, in order to fully enable the powerful techniques of residue calculus in applications. We cast the difference into the form of a derivative term related to Dirac deltas, and further demonstrate how the difference originates from the zero-temperature limit of the Fermi-Dirac occupation functions treated as complex-valued functions. We also discuss a generalization to propagators raised to non-integer powers.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures. Multiple minor changes to phrases and conventions following reviewer comments
Possible origin of extremely large magnetoresistance in the topological insulator CaBi2 single crystal
Creators: name: Ma, Yuzhe
name: Wang, Yulong
name: Wang, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CaBi2 has been experimentally found to be a superconductor with a transition temperature of 2 K and identified as a topological insulator via spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, which makes it a possible platform to study the interplay between superconductivity and topology. But the detailed transport properties for CaBi2 single crystal remain unexplored in experiments. Here, we systematically studied the magneto-transport properties of CaBi2 single crystal grown by a flux method. CaBi2 shows a magnetic-field-induced upturn behavior with a plateau in resistivity at low temperature. An extremely large and non-saturating magnetoresistance up to ~15000% at 3 K and 12 T was achieved. The possible reason for the magnetic field and temperature dependence of resistivity and extremely large magnetoresistance at low temperature was discussed by adopting the Kohler's scaling law, which can be understood by the compensation effect confirmed by the Hall Effect measurement.
Studying Exotic Hadrons in Heavy Ion Collisions
Creators: name: ExHIC Collaboration
name: Cho, Sungtae
name: Furumoto, Takenori
name: Hyodo, Tetsuo
name: Jido, Daisuke
name: Ko, Che Ming
name: Lee, Su Houng
name: Nielsen, Marina
name: Ohnishi, Akira
name: Sekihara, Takayasu
name: Yasui, Shigehiro
name: Yazaki, Koichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibilities of using measurements in present and future experiments on heavy ion collisions to answer some longstanding problems in hadronic physics, namely identifying hadronic molecular states and exotic hadrons with multiquark components. The yields of a selected set of exotic hadron candidates in relativistic heavy ion collisions are discussed in the coalescence model in comparison with the statistical model. We find that the yield of a hadron is typically an order of magnitude smaller when it is a compact multiquark state, compared to that of an excited hadronic state with normal quark numbers. We also find that some loosely bound hadronic molecules are formed more abundantly than the statistical model prediction by a factor of two or more. Moreover, due to the significant numbers of charm and bottom quarks produced at RHIC and even larger numbers expected at LHC, some of the proposed heavy exotic hadrons could be produced with sufficient abundance for detection, making it possible to study these new exotic hadrons in heavy ion collisions.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures
FilDReaMS 1. Presentation of a new method for Filament Detection and Reconstruction at Multiple Scales
Creators: name: Carrière, J. -S.
name: Montier, L.
name: Ferrière, K.
name: Ristorcelli, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Filamentary structures appear to be ubiquitous in the interstellar medium. Being able to detect and characterize them is the first step toward understanding their origin, their evolution, and their role in the Galactic cycle of matter. Aims. We present a new method, called FilDReaMS, to detect and analyze filaments in a given image. This method is meant to be fast, user-friendly, multi-scale, and suited for statistical studies. Methods. The input image is scanned with a rectangular model bar, which makes it possible to uncover structures that can be locally approximated by this bar and to derive their orientations. The bar width can be varied over a broad range of values to probe filaments of different widths. Results. We performed several series of tests to validate the method and to assess its sensitivity to the level of noise, the filament aspect ratios, and the dynamic range of filament intensities. We found that the method exhibits very good performance at recovering the orientation of the filamentary structures, with an accuracy of 0.5° in nominal conditions, up to 3° in the worst case scenario with high level of noise. The filaments width is recovered with uncertainties better than 0.5 px (pixels) in most of the cases, which could extend up to 3 px in case of low signal-to-noise ratios. Some attempt to build a correspondence between Plummer-type filament profiles and outcomes of the method is proposed, but remains sensitive to the local environment. Conclusions. Our method is found to be robust and adapted to the identification and the reconstruction of filamentary structures in various environments, from diffuse to dense medium. It allows us to explore the hierarchical scales of these filamentary structures with a high reliability, especially when dealing with their orientation.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables
Reports about new techniques for the integration of model hierarchies into optimization techniques
Creators: name: Bärmann, Andreas
name: Martin, Alexander
name: Staszek, Jonasz
name: Benamou, Jean-David
name: Rukhaia, Giorgi
name: Ramlau, Ronny
name: Stadler, Bernadett
name: Ijzerman, Wilbert
name: Hintermüller, Michael
name: Knall, Karl
name: Nguyen, Hong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Project Deliverable D4.2
FilDReaMS 2. Application to the analysis of the relative orientations between filaments and the magnetic field in four Herschel fields
Creators: name: Carrière, J. -S.
name: Ferrière, K.
name: Ristorcelli, I.
name: Montier, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both simulations and observations of the interstellar medium show that the study of the relative orientations between filamentary structures and the magnetic field can bring new insight into the role played by magnetic fields in the formation and evolution of filaments and in the process of star formation. We provide a first application of FilDReaMS, the new method to detect and analyze filaments. Our goal is to investigate the relative orientations between the detected filaments and the magnetic field. We apply FilDReaMS to a sample of four Herschel fields (G210, G300, G82, G202) characterized by different Galactic environments and evolutionary stages. First, we examine the networks formed by filaments of different bar widths as well as their hierarchical organization. Second, we compare the filament orientations to the magnetic field orientation inferred from Planck polarization data and, for the first time, we study the statistics of the relative orientation angle as functions of both spatial scale and ${\rm H_2}$ column density. We find preferential relative orientations in the four Herschel fields: small filaments with low column densities are slightly more parallel than perpendicular to the magnetic field, while large filaments (higher column densities) are oriented nearly perpendicular (or, in the case of G202, nearly parallel). In the two nearby fields (G210 and G300), we observe a transition from mostly parallel to mostly perpendicular at an $N_{\rm H_2} \simeq 1.1$ and $1.4\times10^{21}\,$cm$^{-2}$, respectively, consistent with the results of previous studies. Our results confirm the existence of a coupling between magnetic fields at cloud scales and filaments at smaller scale. They also illustrate the potential of combining Herschel and Planck observations, and they call for further statistical analyses with our dedicated method.
description: 29 pages, 22 figures, 3 tables
The properties of the brightest Lyman alpha emitters at z~5.7
Creators: name: Lidman, C.
name: Hayes, M.
name: Jones, D. H.
name: Schaerer, D.
name: Westra, E.
name: Tapken, C.
name: Meisenheimer, K.
name: Verhamme, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We use deep VLT optical and near-IR spectroscopy and deep Spitzer/IRAC imaging to examine the properties of two of the most luminous Lyman alpha emitters at z=5.7. The continuum red-ward of the Lyman alpha line is clearly detected in both objects, thus facilitating a relatively accurate measurement (10--20% uncertainties) of the observed rest-frame equivalent widths, which are around 160 Angstroms for both objects. Through detailed modelling of the profile of the Lyman alpha line with a 3-D Monte-Carlo radiative transfer code, we estimate the intrinsic rest-frame equivalent width of Lyman alpha and find values that are around 300 Angstroms, which is at the upper end of the range allowed for very young, moderately metal-poor star-forming galaxies. However, the uncertainties are large and values as high as 700 Angstroms are permitted by the data. Both Lyman alpha emitters are detected at 3.6 micron in deep images taken with the Spitzer Space Telescope. We use these measurements, the measurement of the continuum red-ward of Lyman alpha and other photometry to constrain the spectral energy distributions of these very luminous Lyman alpha emitters and to compare them to three similar Lyman alpha emitters from the literature. The contribution from nebular emission is included in our models: excluding it results in significantly higher masses. Evidence for dust is found in all objects, and emission from nebular lines often make a dominant contribution to the rest frame 3.6 micron flux. Rich in emission lines, these objects are prime targets for the next generation of extremely large telescopes, JWST and ALMA.
description: Submitted to MNRAS, 14 pages, 9 figures
A new lattice Boltzmann scheme for linear elastic solids: periodic problems
Creators: name: Boolakee, Oliver
name: Geier, Martin
name: De Lorenzis, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new second-order accurate lattice Boltzmann scheme that solves the quasi-static equations of linear elasticity in two dimensions. In contrast to previous works, our formulation solves for a single distribution function with a standard velocity set and avoids any recourse to finite difference approximations. As a result, all computational benefits of the lattice Boltzmann method can be used to full capacity. The novel scheme is systematically derived using the asymptotic expansion technique and a detailed analysis of the leading-order error behavior is provided. As demonstrated by a linear stability analysis, the method is stable for a very large range of Poisson's ratios. We consider periodic problems to focus on the governing equations and rule out the influence of boundary conditions. The analytical derivations are verified by numerical experiments and convergence studies.
Single ion heat engine with maximum efficiency at maximum power
Creators: name: Abah, Obinna
name: Rossnagel, Johannes
name: Jacob, Georg
name: Deffner, Sebastian
name: Schmidt-Kaler, Ferdinand
name: Singer, Kilian
name: Lutz, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an experimental scheme to realize a nano heat engine with a single ion. An Otto cycle may be implemented by confining the ion in a linear Paul trap with tapered geometry and coupling it to engineered laser reservoirs. The quantum efficiency at maximum power is analytically determined in various regimes. Moreover, Monte Carlo simulations of the engine are performed that demonstrate its feasibility and its ability to operate at maximum efficiency of 30% under realistic conditions.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Pricing of Islamic Banking and Conventional Banking: An Empirical Study
Creators: name: Prandi, Stefano Giovanni
name: Colecchia, Daniele
Publisher: name: European Journal of Islamic Finance
Year: 2021

description: This paper examines and assesses the extent to which pricing of Islamic banking and finance (IBF) worldwide is correlated to conventional finance. The data used were obtained from the Islamic Finance Country Index (IFCI) and the Cbonds platform. The IFCI is a methodology developed by Edbiz Consulting to measure the growth of IBF. The IFCI has been gathering data for nine years, sufficient time to yield meaningful results. Cbonds is a financial-data vendor highly specialised in the analysis of bond markets. This study provides both a qualitative analysis in the form of a tile map chart and a statistical test aimed at generalising the correlation between IBF expansion and interest rates to all countries where IBF banks might locate. This correlation is estimated by dividing the analysed countries into tertiles according to their interest rate and comparing the mean IFCI scores. The difference between the lowest tertile and the others is statistically significant. This appears to be the first empirical study to incorporate the whole geographical scope of the IFCI and analyse the interest rates of all countries to which IBF expansion metrics apply. Emerging markets represent an important growth opportunity for Islamic banks. In fact, the presence of Zakat as a mandatory tax to reduce poverty and the idea of a system based on distribution of wealth are important factors for developing economies. This study is consistent with previous findings: the IBF pricing system is correlated to the conventional banking system, and there is a positive correlation between the IFCI and countries with high yields. The main limitation of this study is the difficulty in obtaining the 10-yearyield to maturity (YTM) of countries for which no data was available.
description: European Journal of Islamic Finance, No 18 (2021): EJIF - European Journal of Islamic Finance, 18, 2021
Maurizio Harari, Il 'Gruppo Clusium' nella ceramografia etrusca
Creators: name: Fischer-Graf, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2020

description: Rezension zu: Maurizio Harari, Il 'Gruppo Clusium' nella ceramografia etrusca. Verlag L'Erma di Bretschneider, Rom 1980. 240 Seiten, 74 Tafeln, 1 Tabelle, 2 Karten.
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 182.1982: Bonner Jahrbücher
Chiral Quantum Phases and Tricriticality in a Dicke Triangle
Creators: name: Chen, Guo-Jing
name: Padilla, Diego Fallas
name: Deng, Tao
name: Zhang, Yu-Yu
name: Pu, Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of quantum tricriticality and exotic phases are found in a Dicke triangle (TDT) where three cavities, each one containing an ensemble of three-level atoms, are connected to each other through the action of an artificial magnetic field. The conventional superradiant phase (SR) is connected to the normal phase through first- and second-order boundaries, with tricritical points located at the intersection of such boundaries. Apart from the SR phase, a chiral superradiant (CSR) phase is found by tuning the artificial magnetic field. This phase is characterized by a nonzero photon current and its boundary presents chiral tricritical points (CTCPs). Through the study of different critical exponents, we are able to differentiate the universality class of the CTCP and TCP from that of second-order critical points, as well as find distinctive critical behavior among the two different superradiant phases. The TDT can be implemented in various systems, including atoms in optical cavities as well as the circuit QED system, allowing the exploration of a great variety of critical manifolds.
description: 24pages, 9 figures