cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Πιθανότητες κατάληψης στις ημιμαρκοβιανές αλυσίδες
Creators: name: Φαρμακιώτη, Ευανθία Αθανάσιου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Πιθανότητες κατάληψης
Αναλυτική σχέση
Γεωμετρικοί μετασχηματισμοί
State occupancies
Analytic relations
Geometric transforms

description: Σκοπός της εργασίας είναι η εύρεση αναλυτικών σχέσεων για τις πιθανότητες κατάληψης σε μια ημιμαρκοβιανή αλυσίδα διακριτού χρόνου και χώρου. Για τον λόγο αυτό, πρέπει να περιγράψουμε την ακολουθία πινάκων των πιθανοτήτων κατάληψης σε σχέση με τις βασικές παραμέτρους μιας ημιμαρκοβιανής αλυσίδας οι οποίες είναι ο πίνακας πιθανοτήτων μετάβασης P της εμφυτευμένης Μαρκοβιανής αλυσίδας και την ακολουθία πινάκων H(m) με στοιχεία τις πιθανότητες των χρόνων παραμονής. Για τον σκοπό αυτό, χρειαζόμαστε την βασική αναδρομική σχέση, όπως ορίζεται από τον Howard (1971). Κατόπιν, εφαρμόζουμε ιδιότητες του γινομένου Hadamard στην βασική αναδρομική εξίσωση των πιθανοτήτων κατάληψης και προκύπτει μια περιγραφή των αντίστοιχων γεωμετρικών μετασχηματισμών. Μετά, παραγωγίζουμε τις αναλυτικές σχέσεις εφαρμόζοντας ιδιότητες των γεωμετρικών μετασχηματισμών. Επιπλέον, έγινε επαλήθευση των αναλυτικών σχέσεων αρχικά συγκρίνοντας τους αντίστοιχους τύπους οι οποίοι προκύπτουν από τις αναλυτικές και αναδρομικές σχέσεις και μετά αριθμητικά με πλασματικά δεδομένα. Τέλος, παρουσιάζεται μια εφαρμογή χρησιμοποιώντας Mathematica V.9, καθώς τα δεδομένα προέρχονται από μια αλυσίδα DNA.
description: The aim of this paper is to provide analytic relations for the probabilities of the state occupancies for a semi Markov chain in discrete time and space. Thus, we need to describe the sequence of matrices of the probabilities for the state occupancies in relation to the basic parameters of the semi-Markov process which are the transition probability matrix P of the embedded Markov chain and the sequence of matrices H(m) with elements the holding time probabilities. For this purpose, we use the basic recursive relation, as defined in Howard (1971). Then, we apply properties of the Hadamard (elementwise) product to the basic recursive equation of the probabilities of the state occupancies and provide a description of the corresponding geometric transforms. We then produce the analytic relations by applying properties of the geometric transforms. Furthermore, verification of the analytic relations is performed first by the comparison of the corresponding typos which are obtained by the analytic and recursive relations and then numerically with hypothetical data. Finally, an illustration is provided by using Mathematica V.9 while the data are from a DNA sequence.
Screening, Friedel oscillations, RKKY interaction, and Drude transport in anisotropic two-dimensional systems
Creators: name: Ahn, Seongjin
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of the mass anisotropy on Friedel Oscillations, Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction, screening properties, and Boltzmann transport in two dimensional (2D) metallic and doped semiconductor systems. We calculate the static polarizability and the dielectric function within the random phase approximation with the mass anisotropy fully taken into account without making any effective isotropic approximation in the theory. We find that carrier screening exhibits an isotropic behavior for small momenta despite the anisotropy of the system, and becomes strongly anisotropic above a certain threshold momentum. Such an anisotropy of screening leads to anisotropic Friedel oscillations, and an anisotropic RKKY interaction characterized by a periodicity dependent on the direction between the localized magnetic moments. We also explore the disorder limited dc transport properties in the presence of mass anisotropy based on the Boltzmann transport theory. Interestingly, we find that the anisotropy ratio of the short range disorder limited resistivity along the heavy- and light-mass directions is always the same as the mass anisotropy ratio whereas for the long range disorder limited resistivity the anisotropy ratio is the same as the mass ratio only in the low density limit, and saturates to the square root of the mass ratio in the high density limit. Our theoretical work should apply to many existing and to-be-discovered anisotropic 2D systems.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
title: Nanolaser – aktuelle Entwicklungsstufe
Creators: name: Sauder, Gangolf
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Mit dem Cetus™ Nanolaser (A.R.C. Laser, Nürnberg, Deutschland) besteht seit einigen Jahren eine Alternative zur Phakoemulsifikation. In ersten renommierten Studien konnte vor einigen Jahren gezeigt werden, dass hinsichtlich des Traumatisierungsgrades, insbesondere des Endothelzellverlustes[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 35. Kongress der Deutschsprachigen Gesellschaft für Intraokularlinsen-Implantation, interventionelle und refraktive Chirurgie
Magnetic field induced lattice anomaly inside the superconducting state of CeCoIn$_5$: evidence of the proposed Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state
Creators: name: Correa, V. F.
name: Murphy, T. P.
name: Martin, C.
name: Purcell, K. M.
name: Palm, E. C.
name: Schmiedeshoff, G. M.
name: Cooley, J. C.
name: Tozer, S. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report high magnetic field linear magnetostriction experiments on CeCoIn$_5$ single crystals. Two features are remarkable: (i) a sharp discontinuity in all the crystallographic axes associated with the upper superconducting critical field $B_{c2}$ that becomes less pronounced as the temperature increases; (ii) a distinctive second order-like feature observed only along the c-axis in the high field (10 T $ \lesssim B \leq B_{c2}$) low temperature ($T \lesssim$ 0.35 K) region. This second order transition is observed only when the magnetic field lies within 20$^o$ of the ab-planes and there is no signature of it above $B_{c2}$, which raises questions regarding its interpretation as a field induced magnetically ordered phase. Good agreement with previous results suggests that this anomaly is related to the transition to the Fulde-Ferrel-Larkin-Ovchinnikov superconducting state.
description: 3 figures, 5 pages
The interaction of opposing jets
Creators: name: Quick, Jeffrey William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Opposing jets under conditions typical of industrial furnace air systems are studied using isothermal numerical and physical modelling. The prime motivation for the study comes from an interest in the development of modelling capabilities for the recovery furnaces used in the wood pulping process. The instability of the jet interaction and nature of the resulting flow states are the foci of the work. Cases for opposing jets in confined ducts with either a cross flow or a closed floor are investigated, which exhibit sonae of the main features of recovery furnaces and a number of other applications. The numerical modelling is based on the UBC-MGFD finite volume, multi grid code, under development in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at U.B.C., which is modified for transient computations in this work. Two and three dimensional computations are performed for a variety of parametric configurations; resulting in bifurcations to stable asymmetric flows in the 2D cases and unsteady, oscillatory flows in the 3D cases. Extensive testing of the numerical method is carried out for one case of opposing jets in a closed floor cavity to determine convergence level requirements and time step and grid dependence; which shows that reliable results can be obtained. Physical modelling is performed for one case of opposing jets in a closed floor cavity. Laser doppler velocimetry measurements of velocity time series are compared with corresponding time series data from the numerical modelling and excellent agreement is obtained for the total root mean square velocity at a strategic point where the jets are colliding. Flow visualization studies using a laser light sheet with a seeded flow, and a particle image velocimetry analysis reveal flow patterns that are in good, qualitative agreement with the numerical results.
title: Ultraschall-Kataraktoperation: der Fußschalter, meine 3. Hand
Creators: name: Fabian, Ekkehard
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Die Fußschalterfunktionen für die U/S-Katarakt-Operation beeinflusst das operative Vorgehen deutlich. Es gibt 2 verschiedene Systeme: lineare und duo-lineare Fußschalter. Die Verfügbarkeit wird einerseits durch die Lieferanten der Phako-Systeme (Patent-Abhängigkeit) bedingt[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 35. Kongress der Deutschsprachigen Gesellschaft für Intraokularlinsen-Implantation, interventionelle und refraktive Chirurgie
Insights into the Emergence of Mass from Studies of Pion and Kaon Structure
Creators: name: Roberts, Craig D.
name: Richards, David G.
name: Horn, Tanja
name: Chang, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are two mass generating mechanisms in the standard model of particle physics (SM). One is related to the Higgs boson and fairly well understood. The other is embedded in quantum chromodynamics (QCD), the SM's strong interaction piece; and although responsible for emergence of the roughly 1 GeV mass scale that characterises the proton and hence all observable matter, the source and impacts of this emergent hadronic mass (EHM) remain puzzling. As bound states seeded by a valence-quark and -antiquark, pseudoscalar mesons present a simpler problem in quantum field theory than that associated with the nucleon. Consequently, there is a large array of robust predictions for pion and kaon properties whose empirical validation will provide a clear window onto many effects of both mass generating mechanisms and the constructive interference between them. This has now become significant because new-era experimental facilities, in operation, construction, or planning, are capable of conducting such tests and thereby contributing greatly to resolving the puzzles of EHM. These aspects of experiment, phenomenology, and theory, along with contemporary successes and challenges, are sketched herein, simultaneously highlighting the potential gains that can accrue from a coherent effort aimed at finally reaching an understanding of the character and structure of Nature's Nambu-Goldstone modes.
description: 110 pages, 41 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys
title: Vorbereitung und Durchführung komplexer Kataraktchirurgie
Creators: name: Wirbelauer, Christopher
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Im klinischen Alltag kommt es immer wieder zu komplizierten Ausgangsituationen bei der Kataraktoperation. Eine gründliche Voruntersuchung zur Operationsvorbereitung und neue ophthalmochirurgischen Hilfsmittel zur Erweiterung der Pupille, zur Kapsulorhexis, zur Kapselhalterung, zur Versorgung von[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 35. Kongress der Deutschsprachigen Gesellschaft für Intraokularlinsen-Implantation, interventionelle und refraktive Chirurgie
Supersymmetric Rings in Field Theory
Creators: name: Blanco-Pillado, Jose J.
name: Redi, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of BPS string-like objects obtained by lifting monopole and dyon solutions of N=2 Super-Yang-Mills theory to five dimensions. We present exact traveling wave solutions which preserve half of the supersymmetries. Upon compactification this leads to macroscopic BPS rings in four dimensions in field theory. Due to the fact that the strings effectively move in six dimensions the same procedure can also be used to obtain rings in five dimensions by using the hidden dimension.
description: 22 pages and 2 figures. Minor changes, Fig. 2 replaced for clarification
A potential revolution in diabetes type 1 care: heat stability of insulin in tropical conditions
Creators: name: Kaufmann, Beatrice
name: Scapozza, Leonardo
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: The MSF goal that we are investigating is proper treatment for diabetic patients. In order to achieve this, the stability of insulin under field conditions needs to be assessed.

 In summary, delivery of insulin in tropical settings is possible if guidelines are followed. These guidelines include avoiding continuous exposure of insulin to temperatures above 31 degrees celsius, avoiding freezing and direct sunlight exposure. Samples that come back from the field would need to be evaluated to allow for validation of the study.
Analysis of damped linear dynamic systems and application of component mode synthesis
Creators: name: Muravyov, Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The analysis of nongyroscopic damped (viscous) linear dynamic systems is presented. Discrete systems having symmetric mass, stiffness and damping matrices are considered. Discretization of the systems is accomplished by application of the finite element proce dure. The general case of classically damped systems is considered, and the necessary and sufficient condition for classical damping is given. For a system of this type, it is possible to specify the damping matrix that will result in each mode having either a prescribed decay factor or a damped eigenfrequency. This may be accomplished with only a knowl edge of the undamped eigenfrequencies. The equations required to accomplish this task are presented. Graphical results are presented that illustrate the effect of damping for mass-proportional, stiffness-proportional and for Rayleigh damping. Nonclassically damped systems are considered and the formulation of a component mode synthesis (CMS) method for the solution of the free vibration problem is described. The component mode synthesis method is a procedure in which the exact solution is approximated by one constructed from some basis vectors (e.g., mode shapes) of sub systems (components of the original system). This method allows significant reduction of the eigenvalue equation size due to the use of a limited number of basis vectors. The approximate solution found for the lower eigenvalues and eigenvectors is very close to the exact one due to the proper selection of the basis vectors and the procedure followed (e.g., Galerkin’s method) that determines the best approximation. The use of CMS methods is especially advantageous in the case of large systems, subjected to numerous modifications. In this work the formulation of the CMS method was developed for the general case of nonclassically damped systems. It was tested for different cases of noriclassically damped systems and the excellent agreement with the exact results derived from nonsubdivided systems was found. Also a new method to treat an unconstrained component for the purpose of stiffness matrix inversion is presented. The selection procedure of component modes is generalized from the undamped system case to the damped one. Some examples of forced responses are considered, particularly, the case of sinusoidal excitation and the influence of the damping factor is analyzed. The experimental part of this study consists of the designing and testing of a vibration rig designed to simulate the behaviour of a rigid engine resting on isolators that in turn are supported on flexible beams. Free and steady-state responses of the rig are experimentally determined. Comparison of analytical results with experimental ones show good agreement for eigenquantities and steady-state forced response.
Μεταβίβαση γεωργικού κλήρου και επικύρωση ανώμαλης δικαιοπραξίας
Creators: name: Γεωργιάδου, Ολυμπία Αλέξανδρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Γεωργικός κλήρος
Επικύρωση ανώμαλης Δικαιοπραξίας
Πλασματική νομή
Agricultural allotment
Validation of abnormal transaction
Assumed Possession

description: Αντικείμενο της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η μελέτη ορισμένων ζητημάτων της αγροτικής νομοθεσίας. Συγκεκριμένα ασχολείται με τη μελέτη των γεωργικών κλήρων και τον τρόπο περιέλευσης της κυριότητάς τους στους κληρούχους. Στη συνέχεια αναλύεται ο θεσμός της πλασματικής νομής και τα μέτρα που έλαβε ο νομοθέτης για να παραμείνουν οι κλήροι στην ιδιοκτησία των κληρούχων όπως είναι οι περιορισμοί στη μεταβίβασή τους αλλά και την απαγόρευση κατάτμησης των κλήρων. Εξετάζεται η χρησικτησία στον γεωργικό κλήρο και πώς αυτή διαμορφώνεται τόσο πριν την έναρξη ισχύος του α.ν. 431/1968 (ο οποίος κατήργησε όλες τις απαγορεύσεις στη μεταβίβαση των κλήρων πλην της απαγόρευσης κατάτμησης των κληροτεμαχίων της οριστικής διανομής) όσο και μετά την έναρξη ισχύος του. Τέλος αναφέρεται στον θεσμό της επικύρωσης ανώμαλων δικαιοπραξιών και τη διαδικασία που ακολουθείται ανάλογα με το αν πρόκειται για μεταβίβαση που έλαβε χώρα με συμβολαιογραφικό έγγραφο ή με ιδιωτικό συμφωνητικό ή με προσύμφωνο. Βασικές έννοιες που περιλαμβάνονται στη διπλωματική εργασία είναι: εποικιστικοί νόμοι, γεωργική αποκατάσταση γηγενών και προσφύγων ακτημόνων, πλασματική νομή, απαγόρευση κατάτμησης των κλήρων, γεωργικοί κλήροι και επικύρωση ανώμαλης δικαιοπραξίας
description: Subject of this thesis is the study of certain aspects of agricultural legislation. It is referring to agricultural allotments and the way cleruchs get ownership over them. The institution of assumed possession is analysed as well as the measures taken by the legislator in order to keep the land allotments in ownership of cleruchs such as restrictions on their transfer and the prohibition of allotments segmentation. It is about the assumed possession in land allotments and how it is formed before the entry into force of Emergency Law 431/1968 – who abolished all restrictions on the transfer of allotments except the prohibition of the segmentations allotments of the final distribution- and after its entry. It’ s dealing also with the institution of validation abnormal transactions and the procedure followed depending on whether the transfer took place by notarial deed or by private agreement or preliminary agreement. Basic concepts included in the thesis are : agricultural laws, rehabilitation of landless refugees and indigenous, assumed possession, prohibition of allotments segmentation, agricultural allotments and validation of abnormal transactions
Local measurement of vortex statistics in quantum turbulence
Creators: name: Woillez, Eric
name: Valentin, Jérôme
name: Roche, Philippe-E
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density fluctuations of quantum vortex lines are measured in a turbulent flow of superfluid He, at temperatures corresponding to superfluid fraction of 16%, 47% and 81%. The probe is a micro-fabricated second sound resonator that allows for local and small-scale measurements in the core of the flow, at a 10-mesh-size behind a grid. Remarkably, all the vortex power spectra collapse on a single master curve, independently from the superfluid fraction and the mean velocity. By contrast with previous measurements, we report an peculiar shape of the power spectra. The vortex density probability distributions are found to be strongly skewed, similarly to the vorticity distributions observed in classical turbulence. Implications of those results are discussed.
Perspective on Tsallis Statistics for Nuclear and Particle Physics
Creators: name: Kapusta, Joseph I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a concise introduction to the topic of nonextensive Tsallis statistics meant especially for those interested in its relation to high energy proton-proton, proton-nucleus, and nucleus-nucleus collisions. The three types of Tsallis statistics are reviewed. Only one of them is consistent with the fundamental hypothesis of equilibrium statistical mechanics. The single particle distributions associated with it, namely Boltzmann, Fermi-Dirac, and Bose-Einstein, are derived. These are not equilibrium solutions to the conventional Boltzmann transport equation which must be modified in a rather nonintuitive manner for them to be so. Nevertheless the Boltzmann limit of the Tsallis distribution is extremely efficient in representing a wide variety of single particle distributions in high energy proton-proton, proton-nucleus, and nucleus-nucleus collisions with only three parameters, one of them being the so-called nonextensitivity parameter $q$. This distribution interpolates between an exponential at low transverse energy, reflecting thermal equilibrium, to a power law at high transverse energy, reflecting the asymptotic freedom of QCD. It should not be viewed as a fundamental new parameter representing nonextensive behavior in these collisions.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
Εμπειρική Διερεύνηση Δυναμικής Αλληλεπίδρασης μεταξύ Οικονομικής Μεγέθυνσης και Ανθρώπινου Κεφαλαίου στις Αναπτυγμένες Οικονομίες
Creators: name: Διαμαντόγλου, Χρήστος Αναστασίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Ανθρώπινο Κεφάλαιο
Ρυθμός Οικονομικής Μεγέθυνσης
Επίπεδο Εκπαίδευσης
Human Capital
Economic Growth Rate
Education Level

description: Η παρούσα μελέτη διερευνά εμπειρικά την επίδραση του ανθρώπινου κεφαλαίου στον ρυθμό οικονομικής μεγέθυνσης 28 αναπτυγμένων χωρών μελών του ΟΟΣΑ για τη χρονική περίοδο 1995-2016. Επίσης, μελετά κατά πόσο η παγκόσμια οικονομική κρίση που ξέσπασε το 2008 διαφοροποιεί τα ευρήματα, επαναλαμβάνοντας τη μελέτη για δύο υποπεριόδους: 2000-2007 και 2008-2016. Το ανθρώπινο κεφάλαιο εκφράζεται ως τα ποσοστά του πληθυσμού με τριτοβάθμια, κατώτερη δευτεροβάθμια εκπαίδευση, καθώς και το προσδόκιμο ζωής κατά τη γέννηση αντίστοιχα. Η τριτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση επιδρά θετικά στον ρυθμό οικονομικής μεγέθυνσης (+0,15% ετησίως), ενώ η βασική εκπαίδευση τον μειώνει (-0,10%). Έτσι, η καθαρή συνεισφορά της εκπαίδευσης είναι θετική (+0,05%). Αντίθετα, η αύξηση στο προσδόκιμο ζωής επιδρά αρνητικά στον ρυθμό οικονομικής μεγέθυνσης (-0,60%). Τέλος, στη μελέτη συμπεριλαμβάνεται και ο σχηματισμός φυσικού κεφαλαίου ως Μεταβλητή Ελέγχου (Control Variable), με τη συσσώρευση φυσικού κεφαλαίου να έχει θετικό αποτέλεσμα (+0,10%), χωρίς να μειώνει τη σημασία του ανθρώπινου κεφαλαίου. Πριν την οικονομική κρίση και κατά τα πρώτα χρόνια της τόσο το φυσικό όσο και το ανθρώπινο κεφάλαιο δεν τροφοδοτούσαν την οικονομική μεγέθυνση. Από το 2009 το φυσικό κεφάλαιο γίνεται στατιστικά σημαντικό, ενώ η εκπαίδευση επιδρά θετικά από το 2009 μέσω της τριτοβάθμιας και από το 2012 αρνητικά μέσω της βασικής εκπαίδευσης
description: This thesis investigates empirically the effect of human capital on economic growth rate of 28 developed Member countries of the OECD for the time period 1995-2016. Furthermore, this thesis studies the extent that the global economic crisis which burst in 2008 differentiates the results, repeating the study for two sub-periods: 2000-2007 and 2008-2016. Human capital is expressed as the percentages of population with tertiary, below upper secondary education as well as the life expectancy at birth correspondingly. The tertiary education affects positively the economic growth rate (+0,15% annually), while the basic education reduces it (-0,10%). Consequently, the net contribution of the education is positive (+0,05%). On the contrary, the increase in life expectancy affects negatively the economic growth rate (-0,60%). Finally, in the study was also included physical capital formation as a Control Variable with physical capital accumulation having a positive result (+0,10%) without reducing the significance of human capital. Before the economic crisis and during the first years physical as well as human capital did not increase the economic growth. Since 2009 physical capital has become statistically significant, while the education has affected positively the economic growth since 2009 through the tertiary education and negatively since 2012 through the basic education
Measuring muon tracks in Baikal-GVD using a fast reconstruction algorithm
Creators: name: GVD Collaboration
name: Allakhverdyan, V. A.
name: Avrorin, A. D.
name: Avrorin, A. V.
name: Aynutdinov, V. M.
name: Bannasch, R.
name: Bardačová, Z.
name: Belolaptikov, I. A.
name: Borina, I. V.
name: Brudanin, V. B.
name: Budnev, N. M.
name: Dik, V. Y.
name: Domogatsky, G. V.
name: Doroshenko, A. A.
name: Dvornický, R.
name: Dyachok, A. N.
name: Dzhilkibaev, Zh. -A. M.
name: Eckerová, E.
name: Elzhov, T. V.
name: Fajt, L.
name: Fialkovski, S. V.
name: Gafarov, A. R.
name: Golubkov, K. V.
name: Gorshkov, N. S.
name: Gress, T. I.
name: Katulin, M. S.
name: Kebkal, K. G.
name: Kebkal, O. G.
name: Khramov, E. V.
name: Kolbin, M. M.
name: Konischev, K. V.
name: Kopański, K. A.
name: Korobchenko, A. V.
name: Koshechkin, A. P.
name: Kozhin, V. A.
name: Kruglov, M. V.
name: Kryukov, M. K.
name: Kulepov, V. F.
name: Malecki, Pa.
name: Malyshkin, Y. M.
name: Milenin, M. B.
name: Mirgazov, R. R.
name: Naumov, D. V.
name: Nazari, V.
name: Noga, W.
name: Petukhov, D. P.
name: Pliskovsky, E. N.
name: Rozanov, M. I.
name: Rushay, V. D.
name: Ryabov, E. V.
name: Safronov, G. B.
name: Shaybonov, B. A.
name: Shelepov, M. D.
name: Šimkovic, F.
name: Sirenko, A. E.
name: Skurikhin, A. V.
name: Solovjev, A. G.
name: Sorokovikov, M. N.
name: Štekl, I.
name: Stromakov, A. P.
name: Sushenok, E. O.
name: Suvorova, O. V.
name: Tabolenko, V. A.
name: Tarashansky, B. A.
name: Yablokova, Y. V.
name: Yakovlev, S. A.
name: Zaborov, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Baikal Gigaton Volume Detector (Baikal-GVD) is a km$^3$-scale neutrino detector currently under construction in Lake Baikal, Russia. The detector consists of several thousand optical sensors arranged on vertical strings, with 36 sensors per string. The strings are grouped into clusters of 8 strings each. Each cluster can operate as a stand-alone neutrino detector. The detector layout is optimized for the measurement of astrophysical neutrinos with energies of $\sim$ 100 TeV and above. Events resulting from charged current interactions of muon (anti-)neutrinos will have a track-like topology in Baikal-GVD. A fast $χ^2$-based reconstruction algorithm has been developed to reconstruct such track-like events. The algorithm has been applied to data collected in 2019 from the first five operational clusters of Baikal-GVD, resulting in observations of both downgoing atmospheric muons and upgoing atmospheric neutrinos. This serves as an important milestone towards experimental validation of the Baikal-GVD design. The analysis is limited to single-cluster data, favoring nearly-vertical tracks.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, to be published in Eur. Phys. J. C
Radiowave Neutrino Detection
Creators: name: Besson, Dave
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current experiments aimed at measuring the UHE (E>100 PeV) neutrino flux via detection of coherent Cherenkov radiation are summarized.
description: ARENA06 Conference Summary Talk, Northumbria, UK (July 1, 2006)
title: Präoperative Risikoevaluation in der Kataraktchirurgie
Creators: name: Kolarov, Dobrin
name: Puk, C.
name: Linz, J.
name: Wirbelauer, C.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Die Kataraktoperation ist heutzutage sicher und standardisiert mit einer niedrigen Komplikationsrate. Allerdings ist die Erkennung und Berücksichtigung verschiedener Risikofaktoren für einen komplizierten Verlauf wichtig. In dieser Untersuchung wurde ein Scoring-System für[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 35. Kongress der Deutschsprachigen Gesellschaft für Intraokularlinsen-Implantation, interventionelle und refraktive Chirurgie
Green's functions on a renormalized lattice: An improved method for the integer quantum Hall transition
Creators: name: Puschmann, Martin
name: Vojta, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a performance-optimized method to simulate localization problems on bipartite tight-binding lattices. It combines an exact renormalization group step to reduce the sparseness of the original problem with the recursive Green's function method. We apply this framework to investigate the critical behavior of the integer quantum Hall transition of a tight-binding Hamiltonian defined on a simple square lattice. In addition, we employ an improved scaling analysis that includes two irrelevant exponents to characterize the shift of the critical energy as well as the corrections to the dimensionless Lyapunov exponent. We compare our findings with the results of a conventional implementation of the recursive Green's function method, and we put them into broader perspective in view of recent development in this field.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, submitted to Localisation 2020 volume of Annals of Physics
Plasmon Assisted Transparency in Metal--Dielectric Microspheres
Creators: name: Rohde, Charles
name: Hasegawa, Keisuke
name: Deutsch, Miriam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical analysis of light scattering from a layered metal-dielectric microsphere. The system consists of two spherical resonators, coupled through concentric embedding. Solving for the modes of this system we find that near an avoided crossing the scattering cross section is dramatically suppressed, exhibiting a tunable optical transparency. Similar to electromagnetically induced transparency, this phenomenon is associated with a large group delay, which in our system is manifest as flat azimuthal dispersion.
description: Submitted to Optics Letters, Sep 13th
Diffusion of cosmic rays in MHD turbulence with magnetic mirrors
Creators: name: Lazarian, Alex
name: Xu, Siyao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the fundamental physical process with many astrophysical implications, the diffusion of cosmic rays (CRs) is determined by their interaction with magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. We consider the magnetic mirroring effect arising from MHD turbulence on the diffusion of CRs. Due to the intrinsic superdiffusion of turbulent magnetic fields, CRs with large pitch angles that undergo mirror reflection, i.e., bouncing CRs, are not trapped between magnetic mirrors, but move diffusively along the turbulent magnetic field, leading to a new type of parallel diffusion, i.e., mirror diffusion. This mirror diffusion is in general slower than the diffusion of non-bouncing CRs with small pitch angles that undergo gyroresonant scattering. The critical pitch angle at the balance between magnetic mirroring and pitch-angle scattering is important for determining the diffusion coefficients of both bouncing and non-bouncing CRs and their scalings with the CR energy. We find non-universal energy scalings of diffusion coefficients, depending on the properties of MHD turbulence.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Has the second law of thermodynamics really been violated ?
Creators: name: Chiatti, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some works have appeared in recent accredited literature considering the possibility of macroscopic violations of the second law in simulated as well as really executed experiments. We argue the inexistence of such violations in experiments based on the so-called nonbias diode, demonstrating that the interpretation of the authors is flawed by a confusion between the concepts of thermal equilibrium and thermodynamic equilibrium. We also discuss an isomorphic experimental set up based on the evaporation-condensation of a liquid in a closed atmosphere. Some critical observations are then made concerning recent attempts to reformulate classical equilibrium thermodynamics.
description: 6 pages, 0 figures
Global Aspects of T-Duality, Gauged Sigma Models and T-Folds
Creators: name: Hull, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gauged sigma-model argument that string backgrounds related by T-dual give equivalent quantum theories is revisited, taking careful account of global considerations. The topological obstructions to gauging sigma-models give rise to obstructions to T-duality, but these are milder than those for gauging: it is possible to T-dualise a large class of sigma-models that cannot be gauged. For backgrounds that are torus fibrations, it is expected that T-duality can be applied fibrewise in the general case in which there are no globally-defined Killing vector fields, so that there is no isometry symmetry that can be gauged; the derivation of T-duality is extended to this case. The T-duality transformations are presented in terms of globally-defined quantities. The generalisation to non-geometric string backgrounds is discussed, the conditions for the T-dual background to be geometric found and the topology of T-folds analysed.
description: Minor corrections and additions
The CJT calculation in studying nuclear matter beyond mean field approximation
Creators: name: Shu, Song
name: Jia-RongLi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have introduced a CJT calculation in studying nuclear matter beyond mean field approximation. Based on the CJT formalism and using Walecka model, we have derived a set of coupled Dyson equations of nucleons and mesons. Neglecting the medium effects of the mesons, the usual MFT results could be reproduced. The beyond MFT calculations have been performed by thermodynamic consistently determining the meson effective masses and solving the coupled gap equations for nucleons and mesons. The numerical results for the nucleon and meson effective masses at finite temperature and chemical potential in nuclear matter are discussed.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Light baryon masses with dynamical twisted mass fermions
Creators: name: Alexandrou, C.
name: Baron, R.
name: Blossier, B.
name: Brinet, M.
name: Carbonell, J.
name: Dimopoulos, P.
name: Drach, V.
name: Farchioni, F.
name: Frezzotti, R.
name: Guichon, P.
name: Herdoiza, G.
name: Jansen, K.
name: Korzec, T.
name: Koutsou, G.
name: Liu, Z.
name: Michael, C.
name: Pène, O.
name: Shindler, A.
name: Urbach, C.
name: Wenger, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results on the mass of the nucleon and the Delta using two dynamical degenerate twisted mass quarks and the tree-level Symanzik improved gauge action. The evaluation is performed at four quark masses corresponding to a pion mass in the range of about 300-600 MeV on lattices of 2.1-2.7 fm. We check for cut-off effects by evaluating these baryon masses on lattices of spatial size 2.1 fm at beta=3.9 and beta=4.05 and on a lattice of 2.4 fm at beta=3.8. The values we find are compatible within our statistical errors. Lattice results are extrapolated to the physical limit using continuum chiral perturbation theory. Performing a combined fit to our lattice data at beta=3.9 and beta=4.05 we find a nucleon mass of 964\pm 28 (stat.) \pm 8 (syst.) MeV. The nucleon mass at the physical point provides an independent determination of the lattice spacing. Using heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory at O(p^3) we find a_{β=3.9}=0.0890\pm 0.0039(stat.) \pm 0.0014(syst.) fm, and a_{β=4.05}= 0.0691\pm 0.0034(stat.) \pm 0.0010(syst.) fm, in good agreement with the values determined from the pion decay constant. Isospin violating lattice artifacts in the Delta-system are found to be compatible with zero for the values of the lattice spacings used in this work. Performing a combined fit to our lattice data at beta=3.9 and beta=4.05 we find for the masses of the Delta^{++,-} and Delta^{+,0} 1316 \pm 60 (stat.) MeV and 1330 \pm 74 (stat.) MeV respectively. We confirm that in the continuum limit they are also degenerate.
description: 19 pages, 18 figures, Version as accepted in Phys. Rev. D, Discussion on nucleon sigma-term extended, typos corrected
Limiting Value of the Kolkata Index for Social Inequality and a Possible Social Constant
Creators: name: Ghosh, Asim
name: Chakrabarti, Bikas K
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Based on some analytic structural properties of the Gini and Kolkata indices for social inequality, as obtained from a generic form of the Lorenz function, we make a conjecture that the limiting (effective saturation) value of the above-mentioned indices is about 0.865. This, together with some more new observations on the citation statistics of individual authors (including Nobel laureates), suggests that about $14\%$ of people or papers or social conflicts tend to earn or attract or cause about $86\%$ of wealth or citations or deaths respectively in very competitive situations in markets, universities or wars. This is a modified form of the (more than a) century old $80-20$ law of Pareto in economy (not visible today because of various welfare and other strategies) and gives an universal value ($0.86$) of social (inequality) constant or number.
description: Accepted for publication in Physica A
title: ‚Big Data‘ bei der IOL-Berechnung
Creators: name: Preußner, Paul-Rolf
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Fragestellung: IOL-Berechnungen sind möglich durch höherdimensionale Intra- und Extrapolationen aus den refraktiven Ergebnissen vorangegangener IOL-Implantationen. Dazu wird eine möglichst große Datenbasis benötigt, die den gesamten Bereich aller Eingangsvariablen abdeckt. Ist[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 35. Kongress der Deutschsprachigen Gesellschaft für Intraokularlinsen-Implantation, interventionelle und refraktive Chirurgie
Use of kinematic redundancy for design optimization in robots
Creators: name: Wang, Yuyan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: For a manipulator mounted on a dynamic structure, as in space applications, the interactions with the robot and its supporting structure can play a crucial role. For example, stability and accurate control of space station operations are critical; therefore, methods that minimize the dynamic interactions (force and torque ) between the space station and robot manipulators are needed. This thesis evaluates two such approaches, and extends these ideas to the design of space robots. General simulations of trajectory optimization schemes are conducted based on the redundancy model proposed by de Silva [1], [7], [8]. Furthermore, this optimization theory is extended to cover robot parameter design for a redundant manipulator. Two techniques are developed. First method is the “Joint Angle Manifold Approach”, which uses a path integral to define the global cost function as the sum of the terms contributed by the reaction forces along the robot trajectory, which are described mathematically as different topological manifolds. The final cost function becomes a polynomial of the design parameters i. After calculating the cost function in each manifold, the one with the minimal value was selected for further optimization to search for the optimal link parameter solution. The second approach uses a global time integral to define the cost function as the sum of two terms; one term describing the time integral of the instantaneous base reaction cost function and the second term describing the peak value of all instantaneous cost function curves. The global cost function is then optimized against the design parameters which are link lengths 1, using a numerical optimization method. Both methodologies are simulated for a three degree-of-freedom manipulator.
Characterization of anomalous diffusion classical statistics powered by deep learning (CONDOR)
Creators: name: Gentili, Alessia
name: Volpe, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusion processes are important in several physical, chemical, biological and human phenomena. Examples include molecular encounters in reactions, cellular signalling, the foraging of animals, the spread of diseases, as well as trends in financial markets and climate records. Deviations from Brownian diffusion, known as anomalous diffusion, can often be observed in these processes, when the growth of the mean square displacement in time is not linear. An ever-increasing number of methods has thus appeared to characterize anomalous diffusion trajectories based on classical statistics or machine learning approaches. Yet, characterization of anomalous diffusion remains challenging to date as testified by the launch of the Anomalous Diffusion (AnDi) Challenge in March 2020 to assess and compare new and pre-existing methods on three different aspects of the problem: the inference of the anomalous diffusion exponent, the classification of the diffusion model, and the segmentation of trajectories. Here, we introduce a novel method (CONDOR) which combines feature engineering based on classical statistics with supervised deep learning to efficiently identify the underlying anomalous diffusion model with high accuracy and infer its exponent with a small mean absolute error in single 1D, 2D and 3D trajectories corrupted by localization noise. Finally, we extend our method to the segmentation of trajectories where the diffusion model and/or its anomalous exponent vary in time.
Multimessenger Binary Mergers Containing Neutron Stars: Gravitational Waves, Jets, and $\boldsymbolγ$-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Ruiz, Milton
name: Shapiro, Stuart L.
name: Tsokaros, Antonios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron stars (NSs) are extraordinary not only because they are the densest form of matter in the visible Universe but also because they can generate B-fields ten orders of magnitude larger than those currently constructed on Earth. The combination of extreme gravity with the enormous electromagnetic (EM) fields gives rise to spectacular phenomena like those observed on August 2017 with the merger of a binary neutron star (NSNS) system, an event that generated a gravitational wave (GW) signal, a short $γ$-ray burst (sGRB), and a kilonova. This event serves as the highlight so far of the era of multimessenger astronomy. In this review, we present the current state of our theoretical understanding of compact binary mergers containing NSs as gleaned from the latest general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations. Such mergers can lead to events like the one on August 2017, GW170817, and its EM counterparts, GRB 170817 and AT 2017gfo. In addition to exploring the GW emission from binary black hole-neutron star and NSNS mergers, we also focus on their counterpart EM signals. In particular, we are interested in identifying the conditions under which a relativistic jet can be launched following these mergers. Such a jet is an essential feature of most sGRB models and provides the main conduit of energy from the central object to the outer radiation regions. Jet properties, including their lifetimes and Poynting luminosities, the effects of the initial B-field geometries and spins of the coalescing NSs, as well as their governing equation of state, are discussed. Lastly, we present our current understanding of how the Blandford-Znajek mechanism arises from merger remnants as the trigger for launching jets, if, when and how a horizon is necessary for this mechanism, and the possibility that it can turn on in magnetized neutron ergostars, which contain ergoregions, but no horizons.
description: Invited review for the Research Topic: "Neutron Star Physics in the Multi-Messenger Discourse", Frontiers Astronomy and Space Sciences. 22pages, 12 figures. Matches published version
Intrinsic fractional noise in nanopores: The effect of reservoirs
Creators: name: Marbach, Sophie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluctuations affect nanoporous transport in complex and intricate ways, making optimization of signal-to-noise in artificial designs challenging. Here we focus on the simplest nanopore system, where non-interacting particles diffuse through a pore separating reservoirs. We find that the concentration difference between both sides (akin to the osmotic pressure drop) exhibits fractional noise in time $t$ with mean square average that grows as $t^{1/2}$. This originates from the diffusive exchange of particles from one region to another. We fully rationalize this effect, with particle simulations and analytic solutions. We further infer the parameters (pore radius, pore thickness) that control this exotic behavior. As a consequence, we show that the number of particles within the pore also exhibits fractional noise. Such fractional noise is responsible for noise spectral density scaling as $1/f^{3/2}$ with frequency $f$, and we quantify its amplitude. Our theoretical approach is applicable to more complex nanoporous systems (for example with adsorption within the pore) and drastically simplifies both particle simulations and analytic calculus.
การปฏิรูปเรือนจำ : จากสถาบันการลงโทษสู่ชุมชนแห่งความห่วงใย
Creators: name: นภาภรณ์ หะวานนท์
Publisher: name: Center for Research on Plurality in the Mekong Region (CERP)
Year: 2014
Subjects: อำนาจเชิงระเบียบวินัย, ผู้ต้องขังหญิง, ความสัมพันธ์เชิงอำนาจ, ข้อกำหนดกรุงเทพฯ

description: 2, 10, Journal of Mekong Societies