cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Establishing the Probability of a real Effect Given the Data (PEGD) for randomized controlled trials published in the Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia — a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Jones, Philip
name: Chuang, Zachary
name: Martin, Janet
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistics and Probability
subject: Anesthesiology
subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Biostatistics
subject: anesthesiology
subject: Bayes factors
subject: cardiac
subject: False positive
subject: Likelihood ratios
subject: RCT

description: Exploring the probability of real effects in cardiac anesthesia RCTs
Field-driven Mott gap collapse and resistive switch in correlated insulators
Creators: name: Mazza, G.
name: Amaricci, A.
name: Capone, M.
name: Fabrizio, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mott insulators can be portrayed as "unsuccessful metals": systems in which a strong Coulomb repulsion prevents charge conduction notwithstanding the metal-like density of conduction electrons. The possibility to unlock such large density of frozen carriers with an electric field offers a tantalizing opportunity to realize new Mott-based microelectronic devices. Here we explicitly unveil how such unlocking happens by solving a simple, yet generic, model for correlated insulators using dynamical mean-field theory. Specifically, we show that the electric breakdown of a Mott insulator can occur via a first-order insulator-to-metal transition, characterized by an abrupt gap-collapse in sharp contrast to the Zener tunneling mechanism. The switch-on of charge conduction is due to the energetic stabilization of a metallic phase that preexists as metastable state in equilibrium and is disconnected from the stable insulator. Our findings rationalize recent experimental observations and offer a guideline for future technological research.
EFFECT OF KNEE VALGUS UNLOADER BRACE IN VARUS-ALIGNED INDIVIDUALS ON FEMORAL ARTICULAR CARTILAGE DEFORMATION ACUTELY FOLLOWING WALKING PROTOCOL
Creators: name: Valentine, Joshua
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA) has been associated with excessive cartilage loading. Varus knee malalignment has been hypothesized to increase the load through the medial compartment of the knee. The purpose of our study was to examine the effects of a valgus unloader knee brace in individuals with varus knee alignment on medial femoral articular cartilage deformation following a standardized walking protocol.
      Medial compartment cartilage area (MCCA) was measured in 24 healthy subjects pre and post walking 5000 steps across two conditions: braced and unbraced. Percent area change was measured from pre to post in each condition and evaluated via paired samples t-test.
      There was no difference in percent change of MCCA between conditions. A post hoc analysis found a subgroup of individuals, who deformed more than the minimal detectable change for cartilage area, deformed less during the braced compared to the unbraced condition. These findings suggest a valgus unloader knee brace may decrease the mechanical load on the medial femoral articular cartilage in varus individuals who experience measureable deformation during usual unbraced walking.
History against planning: The role of Manfredo Tafuri in the contemporary architectural thought
Creators: name: Pangalos, Panayotis
name: Matsa, Sarra
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: What kind of connections are there between history, ideology and urban planning? Through a process of "organizing the memory" for an ideological use, history becomes a technical parameter and the city is the field of its application. Therefore, in the construction of the collective memory, the boundaries between myth and history are often being refuted and the consciousness of the myth as a true story turns the mythical time into an experienced one. In this game, the spatial signs of time play a major role: monuments, buildings, ruins, become documents through which historians assemble the pieces of the past, establishes their constructions and tame the social present. Under this assumption, the city is not a place of spaces but of histories and the urban planning is the result of a systematic management of the ideologies. What role does the historian hold in the evolution of urban planning? According to Manfredo Tafuri, the position of the historian cannot be innocent. On the contrary, to the extent that he determines behaviors and directs actions, he is critical and dangerous. Through the historians’ writings, the past becomes one of the most powerful technological means, a dynamic way of producing moral and cultural models, capable of binding contemporary decisions. Each history constitutes a kind of ideological myth and every myth is a history brought into alignment with the needs of an ideology. The past is constantly reconstructed, in order to support the choices of the present. Historians can cure the theoretical voids of architecture and therefore historical word is easily transformed into a specific technical tool in the construction of interpretation of a specific urban form. Is it though possible for the presence of history to function reversibly and, instead of strengthening architecture with certitudes, to provoke vivid concerns? Is there a critical history against planning? Such enquiries will lead Tafuri to review the historical facts, and, as he will observe that “the discipline itself was rotten to the core”, get involved again with the writing of basic chapters of architectural history, making widely understood the fact that morphological revolutions are not destabilizing, because they flow from the economically powerful. Beyond Tafuri, architects cannot any more address to historians in order to purify conscience, to clarify notions, to choose rules, to break through doubts and build truths, because history constitutes a procedure of subversion par-excellence. How do we owe to act today under the suggestions of Tafuri? Only if any field of planning is removed from the educational programs of architectural studies, we could expect a quality change of architectural thought.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 17 No. 5 (2016): HISTORY URBANISM RESILIENCE: Historical Perspectives
Pier Vittorio Tondelli, Camere separate e il romanzo di formazione
Creators: name: Scaccianoce, Giosuè
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Some early reviewers of Camere separate have compared Pier Vittorio Tondelli's final work to a novel of formation. After a brief overview of Tondelli's literary output and an exploration of the evolution of the Bildungsroman genre as proposed by Moretti, the thesis aims at comparing Camere separate to the conventions of some of the early examples of Bildungsroman. Structurally, the novel does not follow the chronological order typical of the Bildungsroman and finds its organizing principle in ambient music rather than literature. Thematically, the elements which in the novel of formation help the main character find his place in society (most notably, work and marriage) are here what sets him apart from the community, thus making Camere separate a progressive study in separation.
Impurity-induced antiferromagnetic order in Pauli-limited nodal superconductors: application to heavy fermion CeCoIn5
Creators: name: Martiny, Johannes. H. J.
name: Gastiasoro, Maria N.
name: Vekhter, I.
name: Andersen, Brian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of the coexistence phase of itinerant antiferromagnetism and nodal $d$-wave superconductivity (Q-phase) discovered in heavy fermion CeCoIn5 under applied magnetic field. We solve the minimal model that includes $d$-wave superconductivity and underlying magnetic correlations in real space to elucidate the structure of the $Q$-phase in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. We further focus on the role of magnetic impurities, and show that they nucleate the Q-phase at lower magnetic fields. Our most crucial finding is that, even at zero applied field, dilute magnetic impurities cooperate via RKKY-like exchange interactions to generate a long-range ordered coexistence state identical to the Q-phase. This result is in agreement with recent neutron scattering measurements [S. Raymond et al., J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. {\bf 83}, 013707 (2014)].
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
General anxiety disorder and stress
Creators: name: Potuzak, Elouise
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Cross-sectional correlational study run online via Prolific Academic. 220 Participants Hypothesis: Young adults (18-34) have higher levels of stress, leading to greater levels general anxiety disorders than people who are 35 years or older.
Sparse Neural Codes and Convexity
Creators: name: Jeffs, R. Amzi
name: Omar, Mohamed
name: Suaysom, Natchanon
name: Wachtel, Aleina
name: Youngs, Nora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 92C20, 52A35, 05C62

description: Determining how the brain stores information is one of the most pressing problems in neuroscience. In many instances, the collection of stimuli for a given neuron can be modeled by a convex set in $\mathbb{R}^d$. Combinatorial objects known as \emph{neural codes} can then be used to extract features of the space covered by these convex regions. We apply results from convex geometry to determine which neural codes can be realized by arrangements of open convex sets. We restrict our attention primarily to sparse codes in low dimensions. We find that intersection-completeness characterizes realizable $2$-sparse codes, and show that any realizable $2$-sparse code has embedding dimension at most $3$. Furthermore, we prove that in $\mathbb{R}^2$ and $\mathbb{R}^3$, realizations of $2$-sparse codes using closed sets are equivalent to those with open sets, and this allows us to provide some preliminary results on distinguishing which $2$-sparse codes have embedding dimension at most $2$.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Unlocking the Past to Re-enact Rotterdam’s future: A professional’s view on planning history.
Creators: name: Arts, Martin
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: To implement policy, spatial planners depend on common narratives. That is true in Rotterdam too. But what sets a city like Rotterdam apart is that its history is influenced by dramatic and traumatic events. This history must therefore first be unlocked before we are able to design a successful future. The history of the last 140 years of port city of Rotterdam shows that, efforts were directed unilaterally on the port. This was due to the absence of a representative city. One consequence is that the city and the port are seen as two entities or stronger Rotterdam is mainly seen as a gateway. Today a new perspective for the port is badly needed, given the vulnerable position of a future without fossil fuels. That's why in 2013 the OECD argued that huge economic benefits could be achieved if the ports and cities worked together more effectively. However, to accept this challenging advice, the question is: “How can Rotterdam strip its historical grown lock-in, of the big port with a small city and look for a more synergetic future?’ Additionally the real potential of the social-economical interface of the port city region had not been explored.. The international Isocarp congress 2015 was an opportunity to re-enact Rotterdam’s future by bringing together experts from municipalities, port authorities and universities. . The idea was to research the impact of this international orientated port embedded in the local social-economic network or: “How to develop unprecedented port city synergy?”. It became clear that parallel histories of other port cities could be imaginaries for the future of Rotterdam. They show that a successful port can in fact boost an urban economy. However these histories can only shape the future by acting. Therefore the workshop was intended as a stepping-stone to re-enact the future. This paper will show that the synergy can only be successful when focussing on the Metropolitan region as a whole hosting the maritime and food cluster and knowledge and innovation hubs.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 17 No. 5 (2016): HISTORY URBANISM RESILIENCE: Historical Perspectives
Sci X hypothesis- Indecisiveness and Sense of Control
Creators: name: Krikstolaitis, Sophie
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: A cross-sectional correlational study run online via Prolific Academy with 220 participants. Hypothesis: The more indecisive an individual is, the less control they feel they possess over their personal life outcomes.
A Relative Peace: Ethnic Land Conflict in Post-War Ituri District, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Creators: name: Camm, Megan Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2012

description: Between 1999 and 2007, an ethnic civil war devastated Ituri District, Democratic Republic of the Congo, killing an estimated 60,000 people and displacing at least half a million more. Today, the war is over, but the source of conflict--competition over access to land in the context of confusing and contradictory land laws--has yet to be addressed. In fact, the widespread and long-term displacement of entire communities as a result of the war has additionally complicated land rights. A Relative Peace is a series of three immersive non-fiction articles that strive to illuminate the sources and ramifications of ethnic land conflicts by examining their impact on the lives of various individuals living in Ituri, DRC. See www.relativepeace.com.
Primal World Beliefs (Alive Vs. Mechanistic) and Anxious Feelings
Creators: name: Wardan, Lily
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Other Psychology
subject: Other Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Quantitative Psychology
subject: Cognition and Perception
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Psychological Phenomena and Processes
subject: Comparative Psychology

description: A cross-sectional study run via Prolific Academic. There were 220 participants and ethicality was confirmed through the UNSW human research ethics panel. Hypothesis: Those who hold the primal world belief of the world being more mechanistic than alive have higher levels of anxious feelings than those who have the primal world belief of the world being more alive than mechanistic.
The impact of diet on wastewater treatment works phosphorus loading
Creators: name: Down, Chloe
name: Comber, Sean
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy

description: Phosphorus (P) is a building block for life in which the human body requires 0.55 g of per day. In some cases, this requirement is exceeded by 2 g per day, with P additives contributing to half of this exceedance. The use of P has become prominent as demand for processed convenience foods has increased. P can cause significant eutrophication once discharged to the environment. As of October 2019, 55% of assessed rivers and 73% of assessed lakes in England failed the current water quality standards. A survey was conducted to calculate the average P consumption of individuals who identify as meat eaters, flexitarians, vegetarians and vegans based on stated eating habits and reported P levels in foods, revealing an estimated P consumption of 1715, 1664, 1244, 1125 mg P/day respectively. It was estimated that current diets contribute 45% of the P load to UK wastewater treatment works (WwTW). If the UK population were to all convert to veganism this would decrease by 54% reducing the load to WwTW by over 15,000 tonnes of P per year, or 9000 tonnes of P per year if there was a move towards a 50% vegetarian or vegan population. Finally, the population needs to be better informed on what is in their food and the associated environmental impacts.
RNA-Seq analysis of Phanerochaete sordida YK-624 degrades neonicotinoid pesticide acetamiprid
Creators: name: Wang, Jianqiao
name: Liu, Yilin
name: Yin, Ru
name: Wang, Nana
name: Xiao, Tangfu
name: Hirai, Hirofumi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Acetamiprid (ACE) belongs to the group of neonicotinoid pesticides, which have become the most widely utilised pesticides around the world in the last two decades. The ability of Phanerochaete sordida YK-624 to degrade ACE under ligninolytic conditions has been demonstrated; however, the functional genes involved in ACE degradation have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, the differentially expressed genes of P. sordida YK-624 under ACE-degrading conditions and in the absence of ACE were elucidated by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Based on the gene ontology enrichment results, the cell wall and cell membrane were significantly affected under ACE-degrading conditions. This result suggested that intracellular degradation of ACE might be mediated by this fungus. In addition, genes in metabolic pathways were the most enriched upregulated differentially expressed genes according to the KEGG pathway analysis. Eleven differentially expressed genes characterised as cytochrome P450s were upregulated, and these genes were determined to be particularly important for ACE degradation by P. sordida YK-624 under ligninolytic conditions.
An Evaluation of SafeCare in Michigan
Creators: name: Jacob, Brian
name: Ryan, Joseph
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration
subject: Social Work
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This study is a randomized control trial of an in-home, parenting skills program. The program teaches caregivers skills in three module areas: (1) how to interact in a positive manner with their children, to plan activities, and respond appropriately to challenging child behaviors; (2) to recognize hazards in the home to improve the home environment; and (3) to recognize and respond to symptoms of illness and injury, in addition to keeping good health records. SafeCare will be piloted in 17 counties in Michigan, with funding for up to 996 families per year. Enrollment in the program (and thus the study) will begin in late 2022 and continue through the end of 2025. Primary outcomes will be binary measures of child maltreatment and out-of-home placement for any child under the age of 6 in the household at the time of random assignment. We will report interim results using data 12 months post random assignment and then final results using outcomes measured 24 months post random assignment. The 24-month results will supersede the 12-month results.
RNA-Seq analysis of Phanerochaete sordida YK-624 degrades neonicotinoid pesticide acetamiprid
Creators: name: Wang, Jianqiao
name: Liu, Yilin
name: Yin, Ru
name: Wang, Nana
name: Xiao, Tangfu
name: Hirai, Hirofumi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Acetamiprid (ACE) belongs to the group of neonicotinoid pesticides, which have become the most widely utilized pesticides around the world in the last two decades. The ability of Phanerochaete sordida YK-624 to degrade ACE under ligninolytic conditions has been demonstrated; however, the functional genes involved in ACE degradation have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, the differentially expressed genes of P. sordida YK-624 under ACE-degrading conditions and in the absence of ACE were elucidated by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). Based on the gene ontology enrichment results, the cell wall and cell membrane were significantly affected under ACE-degrading conditions. This result suggested that intracellular degradation of ACE might be mediated by this fungus. In addition, genes in metabolic pathways were the most enriched upregulated differentially expressed genes according to the KEGG pathway analysis. Eleven differentially expressed genes characterized as cytochrome P450s were upregulated, and these genes were determined to be particularly important for ACE degradation by P. sordida YK-624 under ligninolytic conditions.
Tunable magnetic anisotropy from higher-harmonics exchange scattering on the surface of a topological insulator
Creators: name: Paaske, Jens
name: Gaidamauskas, Erikas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that higher-harmonics exchange scattering from a magnetic adatom on the surface of a three dimensional topological insulator leads to a magnetic anisotropy whose magnitude and sign may be tuned by adjusting the chemical potential of the helical surface band. As chemical potential moves from the Dirac point towards the surface band edge, the surface normal is found to change from magnetic easy, to hard axis. Hexagonal warping is shown to diminish the region with easy axis anisotropy, and to suppress the anisotropy altogether. This indirect contribution can be comparable in magnitude to the intrinsic term arising from crystal field splitting and atomic spin-orbit coupling, and its tunability with chemical potential makes the two contributions experimentally discernible, and endows this source of anisotropy with potentially interesting magnetic functionality.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
A Discrete-Time Multiple Event Process Survival Mixture (MEPSUM) Model for Investigating the Order and Timing of Multiple Non-Repeatable Events
Creators: name: Dean, Danielle O.
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2012

description: Traditional survival analysis was developed to investigate both the occurrence and the timing of an event, but researchers have recently begun to ask questions about the order and timing of multiple events. A multiple event process survival mixture model is developed here to analyze non-repeatable events measured in discrete-time that are not mutually exclusive. The model assumes the population is composed of a finite number of subpopulations of individuals who are homogeneous with respect to the risk of multiple events over time, in order to parsimoniously describe the underlying multivariate distribution of hazard functions. The model builds on both traditional univariate survival analysis and univariate survival mixture analysis. The model is applied to two empirical data sets, one concerning transitions to adulthood and another concerning age of first use of a number of substances. Promising opportunities, as well as possible limitations and future directions are discussed.
A Real-time Coherent Dedispersion Pipeline for the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope
Creators: name: De, Kishalay
name: Gupta, Yashwant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fully real-time coherent dedispersion system has been developed for the pulsar back-end at the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT). The dedispersion pipeline uses the single phased array voltage beam produced by the existing GMRT software back-end (GSB) to produce coherently dedispersed intensity output in real time, for the currently operational bandwidths of 16 MHz and 32 MHz. Provision has also been made to coherently dedisperse voltage beam data from observations recorded on disk. We discuss the design and implementation of the real-time coherent dedispersion system, describing the steps carried out to optimise the performance of the pipeline. Presently functioning on an Intel Xeon X5550 CPU equipped with a NVIDIA Tesla C2075 GPU, the pipeline allows dispersion free, high time resolution data to be obtained in real-time. We illustrate the significant improvements over the existing incoherent dedispersion system at the GMRT, and present some preliminary results obtained from studies of pulsars using this system, demonstrating its potential as a useful tool for low frequency pulsar observations. We describe the salient features of our implementation, comparing it with other recently developed real-time coherent dedispersion systems. This implementation of a real-time coherent dedispersion pipeline for a large, low frequency array instrument like the GMRT, will enable long-term observing programs using coherent dedispersion to be carried out routinely at the observatory. We also outline the possible improvements for such a pipeline, including prospects for the upgraded GMRT which will have bandwidths about ten times larger than at present.
description: 25 pages, 14 figures, 1 table, Accepted by Experimental Astronomy
The Status of Child Development Knowledge in Educational Research: A Content Analysis of Early Childhood and Elementary Education Journals
Creators: name: Comperatore, Aubrey Noel
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2012

description: Education reform calls for a cohesive professional knowledge base from which all educators can draw. Scholars have proposed that this knowledge base, as informed by educational research, entails knowledge of subject matter, pedagogical content knowledge, and a deeper understanding of child development. However, a common knowledge base has historically remained elusive for two educational sub-groups--early childhood and elementary education. Guided by socio-cultural theory and the notion of professional cultural communities, this study focused on the status of child development research in published journals across the sub-fields. Through an exploratory content analysis and descriptive statistical analysis, results indicated an equal distribution of developmental research across the sub-fields and audiences, as well as an attention to children's achievement and learning. The only significant difference was found between journals published for a scholarly audience. Implications suggest an evolution of the two knowledge bases and propose future research to examine this change.
Learning Word Representations with Projective Geometry
Creators: name: Baker, Patrick
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2024
Subjects: Hyperbolic Geometry
Word Representation

description: Recent work has demonstrated the impressive efficacy of computing representations in hyperbolic space rather than in Euclidean space. This is especially true for multi-relational data and for data containing latent hierarchical structures. In this work, we seek to understand why this is the case. We reflect on the intrinsic properties of hyperbolic geometry and then zero in on one of these as a possible explanation for the performance improvements --- projection. To validate this hypothesis, we propose our projected cone model, $\mathcal{PC}$. This model is designed to capture the effects of projection while not exhibiting other distinguishing properties of hyperbolic geometry. We define the $\mathcal{PC}$ model and determine all of the properties we need in order to conduct machine learning experiments with it. The model is defined as the stereographic projection of a cone into a unit disk. This is analogous to the construction of the Beltrami-Poincaré model of hyperbolic geometry by stereographic projection of one sheet of a two-sheet hyperboloid into the unit disk. We determine the mapping formulae between the cone and the unit disk, its Riemannian metric, and the distance formula between two points in the $\mathcal{PC}$ model. We investigate the learning capacity of our model. Finally, we generalize our model to higher dimensions so that we can perform representation learning in higher dimensions with our $\mathcal{PC}$ model. Because generalizing models into higher dimensions can be difficult, we also introduce a baseline model for comparison. This is a product space model, $\mathcal{PCP}$. It is built up from our rigourously developed, two-dimensional version of the $\mathcal{PC}$ model. We run experiments and compare our results with those obtained by others using the Beltrami-Poincaré model. We find that our model performs almost as well as their Beltrami-Poincaré model, far outperforming representation learning in Euclidean space. We thus conclude that projection indeed is key in explaining the success which hyperbolic geometry brings to representation learning.
Floquet realization and signatures of one-dimensional anyons in an optical lattice
Creators: name: Sträter, Christoph
name: Srivastava, Shashi C. L.
name: Eckardt, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple scheme for realizing the physics of 1D anyons with ultracold bosonic atoms in an optical lattice. It relies on lattice-shaking-induced resonant tunneling against potential off-sets created by a combination of a lattice tilt and strong on-site interactions. No lasers additional to those used for the creation of the optical lattice are required. We also discuss experimental signatures of the continuous interpolation between bosons and fermions when the statistical angle $θ$ is varied from 0 to $π$. Since the anyonic momentum distribution is not measurable in the bosonic representation of the anyon model, we propose to use Friedel oscillations in small systems as an alternative probe.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Biodegradation of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) by Mesophilic fungus “Penicillium citrinum” isolated from soils of plastic waste dump yard, Bhopal, India
Creators: name: Khan, Ms. Shazia
name: Ali, Dr Sharique A.
name: Ali, Dr Ayesha S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Low density Polyethylene (LDPE) in various forms has become a part of life. Its accretion due to non degradable nature is concern, endangering life on earth. Amongst various methods of LDPE disposal bioremediation is regarded as ecofriendly & widely accepted. Current investigation was an attempt to isolate potent PE degrading fungus from municipal landfill soils of Bhopal, India loaded with plastic waste.16 fungal isolates were recorded from the site; PE deteriorating fungus was screened using mineral salt agar medium amended with 3% LDPE powder as sole carbon source. The isolate Penicillium citrinum showed fast fungal colony growth in screening medium was selected for biodegradation study. P.citrinum showed 38.82 ± 1.08% weight loss of untreated LDPE pieces; to improve the degradation capacity nitric acid pretreatment was performed; biodegradation was significantly stimulated by 47.22 ± 2.04% after it’s pretreatment. Laccase, lipase, esterase & manganese peroxidase activities were assayed by spectrophotometer. LDPE biodegradation was analyzed by weight loss %, change in pH during fungal growth, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) & thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). FTIR spectra showed appearance of new functional groups assigned to hydrocarbon biodegradation, confirming enzymatic role in process. Changes in FTIR spectra of LDPE samples (untreated & pretreated) before & after biodegradation & surface changes in the biodegraded LDPE (indicated from FE-SEM) confirmed depolymerization of LDPE. Further changes in thermal decomposition rates of biodegraded samples in comparison to control, validate biodegradation. This is the first report signifying high competence of P.citrinum in LDPE degradation without prior pretreatment.
Co-sputtered MoRe thin films for carbon nanotube growth-compatible superconducting coplanar resonators
Creators: name: Götz, K. J. G.
name: Blien, S.
name: Stiller, P. L.
name: Vavra, O.
name: Mayer, T.
name: Huber, T.
name: Meier, T. N. G.
name: Kronseder, M.
name: Strunk, Ch.
name: Hüttel, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molybdenum rhenium alloy thin films can exhibit superconductivity up to critical temperatures of $T_c=15\mathrm{K}$. At the same time, the films are highly stable in the high-temperature methane / hydrogen atmosphere typically required to grow single wall carbon nanotubes. We characterize molybdenum rhenium alloy films deposited via simultaneous sputtering from two sources, with respect to their composition as function of sputter parameters and their electronic dc as well as GHz properties at low temperature. Specific emphasis is placed on the effect of the carbon nanotube growth conditions on the film. Superconducting coplanar waveguide resonators are defined lithographically; we demonstrate that the resonators remain functional when undergoing nanotube growth conditions, and characterize their properties as function of temperature. This paves the way for ultra-clean nanotube devices grown in situ onto superconducting coplanar waveguide circuit elements.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
The impact of diet on wastewater treatment works phosphorus loading
Creators: name: Down, Chloe
name: Comber, Sean
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy

description: Phosphorus (P) is a building block for life in which the human body requires 0.55 g of per day. In some cases, this requirement is exceeded by 2g per day, with P additives contributing to half of this exceedance. The use of P has become prominent as demand for processed convenience foods has increased. P can cause significant eutrophication once discharged to the environment. As of October 2019, 55% of assessed rivers and 73% of assessed lakes in England failed the current water quality standards. A survey was conducted to calculate the average P consumption of individuals who identify as meat eaters, flexitarians, vegetarians and vegans based on stated eating habits and reported P levels in foods, revealing an estimated P consumption of 1715, 1664, 1244, 1125 mg P/day respectively. It was estimated that current diets contribute 45% of the P load to UK wastewater treatment works (WwTW). If the UK population were to all convert to veganism this would decrease by 54% reducing the load to WwTW by over 15,000 tonnes of P per year, or 9,000 tonnes of P per year if there was a move towards a 50% vegetarian or vegan population. Finally, the population needs to be better informed on what is in their food and the associated environmental impacts.
Low dimensional linear representations of SAut(Fn)
Creators: name: Varghese, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that SAut(Fn), the unique subgroup of index two in the automorphism group of a free group of rank n, admits no non-trivial linear representation of degree d
Interaction of divalent metals with struvite: sorption, reversibility, and implications for mineral recovery from wastes
Creators: name: Goswami, Omanjana
name: Rouff, Ashaki A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Phosphorus (P) recovered from wastewater as struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) can meet high P demands in the agricultural sector by reuse as a P fertiliser. Heavy metals are prevalent in wastewaters and are common fertiliser contaminants, therefore struvite as a sorbent for metals requires evaluation. Struvite sorption experiments were conducted in model solutions with cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) at 1–5 μM concentrations from pH 7–10. The struvite metal loading increased with dissolved metal concentration and pH, ranging from 2 to 493 mg kg−1. Highest loadings were observed for 5 μM Pb, which exceeded the 120 mg kg−1 European Union (EU) struvite fertiliser limit at all pH values. At 5 μM concentrations, Ni and Cd loadings exceeded EU limits of 100 mg kg−1 at pH 10, and 60 mg kg−1 at pH 8–10, respectively. In desorption experiments, 10–85% metal was released after resuspension in metal-free solutions, with a positive correlation between initial loading and amount desorbed. Distortions of the struvite phosphate band, by Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, indicated lowered symmetry of phosphate vibrations with metal sorption. X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS) analysis of pH 9 solids indicated tetrahedral coordination for Cu and Zn, octahedral coordination for Co and Ni, and Pb in 9-fold coordination. Precipitation of Pb-phosphate minerals was a primary mechanism for Pb sorption. The results provide insight into metal contaminant sorption with struvite in wastewaters, and the potential for metal desorption after recovery.
Life interests and values: agreements and disagreements between adults with aphasia and family members and friends
Creators: name: Goff, Rachel Ann
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: This study is grounded in two approaches: Theory of Self-Determination (Williams, Frankel, Campbell, & Deci, 2000) and the LPAA Project Group's (as cited in Chapey, 2001) Life Participation Approach to Aphasia. The purpose of this study is to determine the overall level of agreement, and areas where agreements are more likely, on rating life interests and values between adults with aphasia and their family members and friends. Participants included five individuals with aphasia and their family members and friends asked to speak for them. The findings showed that overall agreement was low (below 80%). Unexpectedly, agreements for objective behaviors and subjective values are generally equal. Aphasia severity (percentile) and overall level of agreement (percentage) had a significant linear correlation. Further research is needed to enhance our knowledge about agreement and disagreement for ratings of life interests and values between individuals with aphasia and family members and friends.
Electron Scattering Intensities and Patterson Functions of Skyrmions
Creators: name: Karliner, M.
name: King, C.
name: Manton, N. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scattering of electrons off nuclei is one of the best methods of probing nuclear structure. In this paper we focus on electron scattering off nuclei with spin and isospin zero within the Skyrme model. We consider two distinct methods and simplify our calculations by use of the Born approximation. The first method is to calculate the form factor of the spherically averaged Skyrmion charge density; the second uses the Patterson function to calculate the scattering intensity off randomly oriented Skyrmions, and spherically averages at the end. We compare our findings with experimental scattering data. We also find approximate analytical formulae for the first zero and first stationary point of a form factor.
description: 24 pages, 38 figures
Urban ecosystems, cultural identity and urban environmental planning in 1980s Sydney: the making of Bicentennial Park
Creators: name: Evans, Catherine
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: In the 1980s in Sydney, as elsewhere, a new framing of the city emerged, in which global health and survival was considered to depend on the local intervention in and transformation of degraded urban environments. Underpinning this shift were distinct changes in meaning that Sydney-siders attached to their natural environment, which in turn shaped planning policy and legislation, directions in ecological research, and ultimately urban landscape projects. This paper charts this transition by examining ways in which ecologists, planners and designers constructed and communicated a new ecological understanding of Sydney in the 1980s and early 1990s, and explores Bicentennial Park as an urban landscape project which translated and expressed this new ecological framing of the city. The findings demonstrate that what we take for granted now—that ecology is urban, and that urban ecology offers a pathway to beneficial strategies for adaptation and resilience to environmental change—is a culturally and politically constructed framing of the city which emerged in the late 1970s through the 1980s. Bicentennial Park, now overshadowed by the surrounding Sydney Olympic Parkland is reconsidered for its contribution to ecological conservation as a basis of urban park design in Australia.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 17 No. 4 (2016): HISTORY URBANISM RESILIENCE: Planning and Heritage
Efficient removal of 3,6-dichlorocarbazole with Fe0-activated peroxymonosulfate: performance, intermediates and mechanism
Creators: name: Kang, Xin
name: Li, Dongpeng
name: Chu, Linglong
name: Zhao, Xiaoxiang
name: Song, Xinshan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Nowadays, polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs) are a major pollutant that has recently sparked widespread concern. In this work, peroxymonosulfate (PMS) was activated by zero valent iron (Fe0) to remove 3,6-dichlorocarbazole (3,6-CCZ). First, the key parameters influencing 3,6-CCZ degradation (PMS dosage, Fe0 dosage, initial pH, temperature and co-existing ions) were determined. Under the determined optimum conditions, the removal rate of 3,6-CCZ reached 100% within 1.5 h. Sulfate radicals (SO4·-), hydroxyl radicals (OH·), and singlet oxygen (1O2) generated in the reaction were directly identified with 0.1 M 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrrolidine N-oxide (DMPO) by in-situ electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and indirectly identified by radical quenching experiments. The main reactive oxygen species (ROS) were different from most reported hydroxyl radicals (OH·) and sulfate radicals (SO4·-). In this study, it was found that OH· and 1O2 play a major role. Then, fresh and reacted Fe0 were characterized by XRD, SEM, and XPS. Iron corrosion products such as Fe2O3, Fe3O4, and FeOOH were generated. Finally, 3,6-CCZ degradation intermediates were identified by GC-MS and its degradation pathway was speculated. The intermediate pathway confirmed the combined action of (OH·) and (1O2) in 3,6-CCZ removal. This study provides new insight into the activation mechanism of Fe0-activated PMS and the removal mechanism of 3,6-CCZ. HighlightsFe0 is a long-lasting and efficient catalyst of PMS for the degradation of 3,6-CCZ.The key parameters influencing 3,6-CCZ degradation were determined.The degradation pathways of 3,6-CCZ were inferred.OH· and 1O2 were the main ROS in Fe0-activated PMS system. Fe0 is a long-lasting and efficient catalyst of PMS for the degradation of 3,6-CCZ. The key parameters influencing 3,6-CCZ degradation were determined. The degradation pathways of 3,6-CCZ were inferred. OH· and 1O2 were the main ROS in Fe0-activated PMS system.
Small-scale properties of a stochastic cubic-autocatalytic reaction-diffusion model
Creators: name: Gagnon, Jean-Sebastien
name: Hochberg, David
name: Perez-Mercader, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the small-scale properties of a stochastic cubic-autocatalytic reaction-diffusion (CARD) model using renormalization techniques. We renormalize noise-induced ultraviolet divergences and obtain beta functions for the decay rate and coupling at one-loop. Assuming colored (power law) noise, our results show that the behavior of both decay rate and coupling with scale depends crucially on the noise exponent. Interpreting the CARD model as a proxy for a (very simple) living system, our results suggest that power law correlations in environmental fluctuations can both decrease or increase the growth of structures at smaller scales.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures