cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficient criteria of quantumness for a large system of qubits
Creators: name: Watabe, Shohei
name: Serikow, Michael Zach
name: Kawabata, Shiro
name: Zagoskin, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to model and evaluate large-scale quantum systems, e.g. quantum computer and quantum annealer, it is necessary to quantify the ``quantumness" of such systems. In this paper, we discuss the dimensionless combinations of basic parameters of large, partially quantum coherent systems, which could be used to characterize their degree of quantumness. Based on analytical and numerical calculations, we suggest one such number for a system of qubits undergoing adiabatic evolution, i.e., the accessibility index. Applying it to the case of D-Wave One superconducting quantum annealing device, we find that its operation as described falls well within the quantum domain.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
title: Theoretisch global. Peter J. Ucko (ed.): Theory in Archaeology. A World Perspective
Creators: name: Kalkbrenner, Gerd
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Rezension zu: Theoretisch global
Peter J. Ucko (ed.): Theory in Archaeology. A World Perspective. Theoretical Archaeology Group Series. Routledge. London 1995. 416 pp. 0-415-10677-X
title: Ethno-analogy and the reconstruction of prehistoric artefact use and production. Bericht über eine Tagung am Institut für Ur- und Frühgeschichte und Archäologie des Mittelalters der Universität Tübingen am 5. und 6. Juli 1997
Creators: name: Owen, Linda R.
name: Porr, Martin
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: [nicht vorhanden]
Higgsino Dark Matter and the Cosmological Gravitino Problem
Creators: name: Sinha, Kuver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We motivate Higgsino dark matter from a solution to the cosmological moduli/gravitino problem. Cosmological moduli/gravitino should be heavy enough to decay before the onset of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis, and this requirement typically forces gauginos to have masses above a TeV in Type IIB compactifications. Higgsinos emerge as the viable sub-TeV dark matter candidates if anomaly and modulus mediated contributions to supersymmetry breaking are both competitive. Obtaining the correct relic density in this mass range forces Higgsinos to be produced non-thermally from the decay of a modulus. We outline constraints arising from indirect and direct detection experiments in this context, as well as theoretical constraints such as the overproduction of dark matter from gravitino decay.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the proceedings of CETUP* 2012
Learning to Predict and Make Decisions under Distribution Shift
Creators: name: Wu, Yifan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: A common use case of machine learning in real world settings is to learn a model from historical data and then deploy the model on future unseen examples. When the data distribution for the future examples differs from the historical data distribution, machine learning techniques that depend precariously on the i.i.d. assumption tend to fail. So dealing with distribution shift is an important challenge when developing machine learning techniques for practical use. While it is unrealistic to expect a learned model to predict accurately under any form of distribution shift, well chosen research objectives may still lead to effective machine learning algorithms that handle distribution shift properly. For example, when facing distribution shift, we may expect to build machine learning models that (i) make accurate predictions under specific assumptions on how the distribution shift happens; (ii) identify out-of-distribution inputs where the model may not be able to predict well; and/or (iii) act conservatively according to what it can predict well. While recent research has produced practically successful methods in machine learning settings with independent and identically distributed data, progress on settings where dealing with distribution shift is necessary has remained in a comparatively developmental stage. In this thesis, we study the problem of learning under distribution shift in two scenarios: prediction and decision making. The first part of the thesis addresses the prediction problem, focusing on exploiting specific assumptions such as covariate shift and label shift. We develop theoretical understanding and effective techniques in these scenarios. In the second part of this thesis, we study the problem of offline policy optimization, where the goal is to learn a good policy from a fixed set of data, whose distribution may not be rich enough to inform the optimal policy. We first present an extensive empirical study on behavior regularized offline reinforcement learning algorithms. We then present a theoretical study on whether/why one should follow the pessimistic principle in the offline policy optimization problem.
Characterizing the stellar photospheres and near-infrared excesses in accreting T Tauri systems
Creators: name: McClure, M. K.
name: Calvet, N.
name: Espaillat, C.
name: Hartmann, L.
name: Hernandez, J.
name: Ingleby, L.
name: Luhman, K. L.
name: D'Alessio, P.
name: Sargent, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using NASA IRTF SpeX data from 0.8 to 4.5 $μ$m, we determine self-consistently the stellar properties and excess emission above the photosphere for a sample of classical T Tauri stars (CTTS) in the Taurus molecular cloud with varying degrees of accretion. This process uses a combination of techniques from the recent literature as well as observations of weak-line T Tauri stars (WTTS) to account for the differences in surface gravity and chromospheric activity between the TTS and dwarfs, which are typically used as photospheric templates for CTTS. Our improved veiling and extinction estimates for our targets allow us to extract flux-calibrated spectra of the excess in the near-infrared. We find that we are able to produce an acceptable parametric fit to the near-infrared excesses using a combination of up to three blackbodies. In half of our sample, two blackbodies at temperatures of 8000 K and 1600 K suffice. These temperatures and the corresponding solid angles are consistent with emission from the accretion shock on the stellar surface and the inner dust sublimation rim of the disk, respectively. In contrast, the other half requires three blackbodies at 8000, 1800, and 800 K, to describe the excess. We interpret the combined two cooler blackbodies as the dust sublimation wall with either a contribution from the disk surface beyond the wall or curvature of the wall itself, neither of which should have single-temperature blackbody emission. In these fits, we find no evidence of a contribution from optically thick gas inside the inner dust rim.
description: Accepted to ApJ, 22 pages, 2 appendices, 12 figures, 7 tables
Absorption Line Observations of H$_3^+$ and CO in Sight Lines Toward the Vela and W28 Supernova Remnants
Creators: name: Indriolo, Nick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernova remnants act as particle accelerators, providing the cosmic-ray protons that permeate the interstellar medium and initiate the ion-molecule reactions that drive interstellar chemistry. Enhanced fluxes of cosmic-ray protons in close proximity to supernova remnants have been inferred from observations tracing particle interactions with nearby molecular gas. Here I present observations of H$_3^+$ and CO absorption, molecules that serve as tracers of the cosmic-ray ionization rate and gas density, respectively, in sight lines toward the W28 and Vela supernova remnants. Cosmic-ray ionization rates inferred from these observations range from about 2--10 times the average value in Galactic diffuse clouds ($\sim 3\times10^{-16}$ s$^{-1}$), suggesting that the gas being probed is experiencing an elevated particle flux. While it is difficult to constrain the line-of-sight location of the absorbing gas with respect to the supernova remnants, these results are consistent with a scenario where cosmic rays are diffusing away from the acceleration site and producing enhanced ionization rates in the surrounding medium.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables; accepted for publication in ApJ
Global Well-Posedness of 2D Euler-$α$ Equations in Exterior Domain
Creators: name: You, Xiaoguang
name: Zang, Aibin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q53, 35B30, 35G25

description: After casting Euler-$α$ equations into vorticity-stream function formula, we obtain some very useful estimates from the properties of the vorticity formula in exterior domain. Basing on these estimates, one can have got the global existence and uniqueness of the solutions to Euler-$α$ equations in 2D exterior domain provided that the initial data is regular enough.
On the IR/UV flavour connection in non-universal axion models
Creators: name: Di Luzio, Luca
name: Guerrera, Alfredo Walter Mario
name: Díaz, Xavier Ponce
name: Rigolin, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-universal axion models, with the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry acting on Standard Model (SM) fermions in a generation-dependent way, are typically accompanied by two different sources of flavour violation, dubbed here as infrared (IR) and ultraviolet (UV). The former is due to the flavour violating axion couplings to SM fermions, while the latter arises from the heavy degrees of freedom that UV complete the axion effective field theory. We point out that these two sources of flavour violation are directly related and exemplify this connection in a general class of non-universal axion model, based on a renormalizable DFSZ-like setup with two Higgs doublets (PQ-2HDM). We next discuss the interplay of axion flavour phenomenology with the signatures stemming from the heavy radial modes of the PQ-2HDM, including meson oscillation observables and charged lepton flavour violating decays. We emphasize the strong complementarity between flavour observables, LHC direct searches and standard axion physics.
description: 33 pages, 5 figures; v2: published version
Tense-aspect-modality with video prompts
Creators: name: Irisato, Teruo
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: Teedun-muni language

description: 1 WAV file, 1 EAF file, 1 TXT file.
An innovative way of etching MoS2: Characterization and mechanistic investigation
Creators: name: Huang, Yuan
name: Wu, Jing
name: Xu, Xiangfan
name: Ho, Yuda
name: Ni, Guangxin
name: Zou, Qiang
name: Koon, Gavin Kok Wai
name: Zhao, Weijie
name: Neto, A. H. Castro
name: Eda, Goki
name: Shen, Chengmin
name: Özyilmaz, Barbaros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a systematic study of the etching of MoS2 crystals by using XeF2 as a gaseous reactant. By controlling the etching process, monolayer MoS2 with uniform morphology can be obtained. The Raman and photoluminescence spectra of the resulting material were similar to those of exfoliated MoS2. Utilizing this strategy, different patterns such as a Hall bar structure and a hexagonal array can be realized. Furthermore, the etching mechanism was studied by introducing graphene as an etching mask. We believe our technique opens an easy and controllable way of etching MoS2, which can be used to fabricate complex nanostructures, such as nanoribbons, quantum dots and transistor structures. This etching process using XeF2 can also be extended to other interesting two-dimensional crystals.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
Gravitational collapse involving electric charge in the decoupling limit of the dilatonic Gauss--Bonnet gravity
Creators: name: Nakonieczna, Anna
name: Nakonieczny, Łukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper discusses a collapse of a self-interacting electrically charged scalar field in the decoupling limit of the dilatonic Gauss-Bonnet gravity. The emerging spacetimes were either non-singular or singular and containing black holes of a Schwarzschild type. A size of the region, in which the gravitational dynamics was observed was controlled by an absolute value of the Gauss-Bonnet coupling. Dependencies of characteristics of the forming black holes on the dilatonic and Gauss-Bonnet parameters turned out to be similar in the case of black hole masses and radii as well as their time of formation in terms of retarded time. In the cases of masses and radii minima were observed, while in the remaining case a maximum existed. The electric charge of the emerging black holes possessed a maximum when measured versus the dilatonic coupling constant and was strictly decreasing with the Gauss-Bonnet coupling. All the characteristics changed monotonically with the field self-interaction strengths. The times of formation and charges of black holes decreased, while masses and radii increased with the self-interaction strengths of the dynamical fields. Values of the energy density, radial pressure, pressure anisotropy and the collapsing scalar fields were the biggest along the null hypersurface of propagation of the initial peaks of the scalar fields. For big values of the Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant, an increase in their values was also observed in the vicinity of the central singularity within the whole range of advanced time. Non-zero values of the dilaton field outside the black hole event horizon may indicate a formation of a hairy black hole. The local temperature calculated along the apparent horizon was increasing for late times of the evolution, that is in non-dynamical spacetime regions, and exhibited extrema in areas, where the dynamics of the gravity-matter system was observed.
description: 24 pages, 18 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2009.01600
Photometric Variability in Kepler Target Stars. III. Comparison with the Sun on Different Timescales
Creators: name: Basri, Gibor
name: Walkowicz, Lucianne
name: Reiners, Ansgar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We utilize Kepler data to study the precision differential photometric variability of solar-type and cooler stars at different timescales, ranging from half an hour to 3 months. We define a diagnostic that characterizes the median differential intensity change between data bins of a given timescale. We apply the same diagnostics to SOHO data that has been rendered comparable to Kepler. The Sun exhibits similar photometric variability on all timescales as comparable solar-type stars in the Kepler field (it is not unusually quiet). The previously-defined photometric "range" serves as our activity proxy (driven by starspot coverage). We revisit the fraction of comparable stars in the Kepler field that are more active than the Sun. The exact active fraction depends on what is meant by "more active than the Sun", and on the magnitude limit of the sample of stars considered. This active fraction is between a quarter and a third (depending on the timescale). We argue that a reliable result requires timescales of half a day or longer and stars brighter than Kepler magnitude of 14, otherwise non-stellar noise distorts it. We also analyze main sequence stars grouped by temperature from 6500-3500K. As one moves to cooler stars, the active fraction of stars becomes steadily larger (greater than 90% for early M dwarfs). The Sun is a good photometric model at all timescales for those cooler stars that have long-term variability within the span of solar variability.
description: 45 pages, 15 figures. Accepted by Ap.J. (title slightly different for reasons peculiar to the Journal)
MPEC 2023-V225 : OBSERVATIONS AND ORBITS OF COMETS AND A/ OBJECTS
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: OBSERVATIONS AND ORBITS OF COMETS AND A/ OBJECTS

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Optimal beam combiner design for nulling interferometers
Creators: name: Guyon, Olivier
name: Mennesson, Bertrand
name: Serabyn, Eugene
name: Martin, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scheme to optimally design a beam combiner is discussed for any pre-determined fixed geometry nulling interferometer aimed at detection and characterization of exoplanets with multiple telescopes or a single telescope (aperture masking). We show that considerably higher order nulls can be achieved with 1-D interferometer geometries than possible with 2-D geometries with the same number of apertures. Any 1-D interferometer with N apertures can achieve a 2(N-1)-order null, while the order of the deepest null for a random 2-D aperture geometry interferometer is the order of the N-th term in the Taylor expansion of e^{i(x^2+y^2)} around x=0, y=0 (2nd order null for N=2,3; 4th order null for N=4,5,6). We also show that an optimal beam combiner for nulling interferometry relies only 0 or Pi phase shifts. Examples of nulling interferometer designs are shown to illustrate these findings.
description: 14 page, 8 figures, Submitted to PASP
Pauli Equation on a Curved Surface and Rashba Splitting on a Corrugated Surface
Creators: name: Kosugi, Taichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Schroedinger equation for a spinless charged particle on a curved surface under an electromagnetic field has been obtained by adopting a proper gauge which allows the separation of the on-surface and transverse dynamics. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 (2008) 230403] As its extension, I provide the Pauli equation for a charged spin-1/2 particle confined to a curved surface under an electromagnetic field. Energy spectra of a sphere and a corrugated surface to which a particle is confined are given as simple applications of the equation. The energy levels obtained exhibit splittings due to the relativistic effect known as the Rashba effect.
On Misbehaviour and Fault Tolerance in Machine Learning Systems
Creators: name: Myllyaho, Lalli
name: Raatikainen, Mikko
name: Männistö, Tomi
name: Nurminen, Jukka K.
name: Mikkonen, Tommi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.5; D.2.10; D.2.11

description: Machine learning (ML) provides us with numerous opportunities, allowing ML systems to adapt to new situations and contexts. At the same time, this adaptability raises uncertainties concerning the run-time product quality or dependability, such as reliability and security, of these systems. Systems can be tested and monitored, but this does not provide protection against faults and failures in adapted ML systems themselves. We studied software designs that aim at introducing fault tolerance in ML systems so that possible problems in ML components of the systems can be avoided. The research was conducted as a case study, and its data was collected through five semi-structured interviews with experienced software architects. We present a conceptualisation of the misbehaviour of ML systems, the perceived role of fault tolerance, and the designs used. Common patterns to incorporating ML components in design in a fault tolerant fashion have started to emerge. ML models are, for example, guarded by monitoring the inputs and their distribution, and enforcing business rules on acceptable outputs. Multiple, specialised ML models are used to adapt to the variations and changes in the surrounding world, and simpler fall-over techniques like default outputs are put in place to have systems up and running in the face of problems. However, the general role of these patterns is not widely acknowledged. This is mainly due to the relative immaturity of using ML as part of a complete software system: the field still lacks established frameworks and practices beyond training to implement, operate, and maintain the software that utilises ML. ML software engineering needs further analysis and development on all fronts.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables. The manuscript has been accepted to the Journal of Systems and Software
Growth rate distribution of NH_4Cl dendrite and its scaling structure
Creators: name: Miki, Hiroshi
name: Honjo, Haruo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scaling structure of the growth rate distribution on the interface of a dendritic pattern is investigated. The distribution is evaluated for an ${\rm NH_4Cl}$ quasi-two-dimensional crystal by numerically solving the Laplace equation with the boundary condition taking account of the surface tension effect. It is found that the distribution has multifractality and the surface tension effect is almost ineffective in the unscreened large growth region. The values of the minimum singular exponent and the fractal dimension are smaller than those for the diffusion-limited aggregation pattern. The Makarov's theorem, the information dimension equals one, and the Turkevich-Scher conjecture between the fractal dimension and the minimum singularity exponent hold.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
title: Patent analysis and thermodynamic evaluation of Sand Thermal Energy Storage integration into Liquid Air Energy Storage
Creators: name: Zhou, Liesa
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: storage of energy
subject: liquid air

description: Arbeit an der Bibliothek noch nicht eingelangt - Daten nicht geprueft - gesperrte Arbeit (bis 2025-03-28+01:00)
description: Abweichender Titel nach Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers
Monomatapa Distant 1897
Creators: name: Boulard, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1980
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Monomatapa

description: III. Genre Monomatapa Distant, 1897 Créé en 1897 par Distant pour son espèce insignis (*), ce genre est resté monospécifique jusqu'ici(2). Il se trouve représenté en Mozambique et au Zimbabwe par une deuxième espèce ci-dessous décrite.
description: Published as part of Boulard, Michel, 1980, Cicadoidea nouveaux de l'Afrique sud-orientale [Hom.], pp. 165-173 in Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France 85 (5) on page 171, DOI: 10.3406/bsef.1980.18260, http://zenodo.org/record/7390762
description: {"references": ["Distant (W. L.), 1897. - On a collection of Homoptera made in Southern Africa (Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., (6) 19 125 - 133)."]}
The Z Camelopardalis-type star AY Piscium: stellar and accretion disk parameters
Creators: name: Kára, Jan
name: Zharikov, Sergey
name: Wolf, Marek
name: Amantayeva, Ainash
name: Subebekova, Gulnur
name: Khokhlov, Serik
name: Agishev, Aldiyar
name: Merc, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new study of the Z~Cam-type eclipsing cataclysmic variable AY~Piscium with the aim of determining the fundamental parameters of the system and the structure of the accretion flow therein. We use time-resolved photometric observations supplemented by spectroscopy in the standstill, to which we applied our light-curve modeling techniques and the Doppler tomography method, to update system parameters. We found that the system has a massive white dwarf $M_{\rm WD}=0.90(4)$ \ms, a mass ratio $q=0.50(3)$, and the effective temperature of a secondary $T_2 = 4100(50)$~K. The system inclination is $i=74.^{\circ}8(7)$. The orbital period of the system $P_{\mathrm{orb}}=0.217320523(8)\;\mathrm{d}$ is continuously increasing with the rate of $\dot{P}_{\mathrm{orb}} = +7.6(5)\times10^{-9}$ d year$^{-1}$. The mass transfer rate varies between 2.4$\times$10$^{-10}$ M$_\odot$ year$^{-1}$ in quiescence up to 1.36$\times$10$^{-8}$ M$_\odot$ year$^{-1}$ in outburst. The accretion disk transitions from the cooler, flared, steady-state disk to a warmer state with a practically constant and relatively high disk height. The mass transfer rate is about 1.6$\times$10$^{-9}$ M$_\odot$ year$^{-1}$ in the standstill. The Balmer emission lines show a multi-component structure similar to that observed in long-orbital-period nova-like systems. Out of standstill, the system exhibits outburst bimodality, with long outbursts being more prominent. We conclude that the Balmer emission lines in AY~Psc are formed by the combination of radiation from the irradiated surface of the secondary, from the outflow zone, and from winds originating in the bright spot and the disk's inner part.
Messing Up 3D Virtual Environments: Transferable Adversarial 3D Objects
Creators: name: Meloni, Enrico
name: Tiezzi, Matteo
name: Pasqualini, Luca
name: Gori, Marco
name: Melacci, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the last few years, the scientific community showed a remarkable and increasing interest towards 3D Virtual Environments, training and testing Machine Learning-based models in realistic virtual worlds. On one hand, these environments could also become a mean to study the weaknesses of Machine Learning algorithms, or to simulate training settings that allow Machine Learning models to gain robustness to 3D adversarial attacks. On the other hand, their growing popularity might also attract those that aim at creating adversarial conditions to invalidate the benchmarking process, especially in the case of public environments that allow the contribution from a large community of people. Most of the existing Adversarial Machine Learning approaches are focused on static images, and little work has been done in studying how to deal with 3D environments and how a 3D object should be altered to fool a classifier that observes it. In this paper, we study how to craft adversarial 3D objects by altering their textures, using a tool chain composed of easily accessible elements. We show that it is possible, and indeed simple, to create adversarial objects using off-the-shelf limited surrogate renderers that can compute gradients with respect to the parameters of the rendering process, and, to a certain extent, to transfer the attacks to more advanced 3D engines. We propose a saliency-based attack that intersects the two classes of renderers in order to focus the alteration to those texture elements that are estimated to be effective in the target engine, evaluating its impact in popular neural classifiers.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication at the IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications (ICMLA) 2021
Defect-Induced Magnetism in Solids
Creators: name: Esquinazi, P.
name: Hergert, W.
name: Spemann, D.
name: Setzer, A.
name: Ernst, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the last years the number of nominally non-magnetic solids showing magnetic order induced by some kind of defects has increased continuously. From the single element material graphite to several covalently bonded non-magnetic compounds, the influence of defects like vacancies and/or non-magnetic ad-atoms on triggering magnetic order has attracted the interest of experimentalists and theoreticians. We review and discuss the main theoretical approach as well as recently obtained experimental evidence based on different experimental methods that supports the existence of defect-induced magnetism (DIM) in non-magnetic as well as in magnetic materials.
description: 2 Figures, 9 pages, invited contribution at LAW3M (Buenos Aires) to be published in IEEE Transaction on Magnetics
title: Felix Biermann, Thomas Kersting, Anne Klammt, Thomas Westphalen (Hrsg.): Transformationen und Umbrüche des 12./13. Jahrhunderts (Beiträge zur Ur- und Frühgeschichte Mitteleuropas 64). Langenweißbach 2012.
Creators: name: Müller, Joachim
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Rezension zu: Felix Biermann, Thomas Kersting, Anne Klammt, Thomas Westphalen (Hrsg.): Transformationen und Umbrüche des 12./13. Jahrhunderts (Beiträge zur Urund Frühgeschichte Mitteleuropas 64). Langenweißbach 2012. 367 Seiten, ISBN 978-3-941171-56-5
Ground material classification for UAV-based photogrammetric 3D data A 2D-3D Hybrid Approach
Creators: name: Chen, Meida
name: Feng, Andrew
name: Hou, Yu
name: McCullough, Kyle
name: Prasad, Pratusha Bhuvana
name: Soibelman, Lucio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, photogrammetry has been widely used in many areas to create photorealistic 3D virtual data representing the physical environment. The innovation of small unmanned aerial vehicles (sUAVs) has provided additional high-resolution imaging capabilities with low cost for mapping a relatively large area of interest. These cutting-edge technologies have caught the US Army and Navy's attention for the purpose of rapid 3D battlefield reconstruction, virtual training, and simulations. Our previous works have demonstrated the importance of information extraction from the derived photogrammetric data to create semantic-rich virtual environments (Chen et al., 2019). For example, an increase of simulation realism and fidelity was achieved by segmenting and replacing photogrammetric trees with game-ready tree models. In this work, we further investigated the semantic information extraction problem and focused on the ground material segmentation and object detection tasks. The main innovation of this work was that we leveraged both the original 2D images and the derived 3D photogrammetric data to overcome the challenges faced when using each individual data source. For ground material segmentation, we utilized an existing convolutional neural network architecture (i.e., 3DMV) which was originally designed for segmenting RGB-D sensed indoor data. We improved its performance for outdoor photogrammetric data by introducing a depth pooling layer in the architecture to take into consideration the distance between the source images and the reconstructed terrain model. To test the performance of our improved 3DMV, a ground truth ground material database was created using data from the One World Terrain (OWT) data repository. Finally, a workflow for importing the segmented ground materials into a virtual simulation scene was introduced, and visual results are reported in this paper.
Quantitative Current-Voltage Characteristics in Molecular Junctions from First Principles
Creators: name: Darancet, Pierre
name: Widawsky, Jonathan R.
name: Choi, Hyoung Joon
name: Venkataraman, Latha
name: Neaton, Jeffrey B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using self-energy-corrected density functional theory (DFT) and a coherent scattering-state approach, we explain current-voltage (IV) measurements of four pyridine-Au and amine-Au linked molecular junctions with quantitative accuracy. Parameter-free many-electron self-energy corrections to DFT Kohn-Sham eigenvalues are demonstrated to lead to excellent agreement with experiments at finite bias, improving upon order-of-magnitude errors in currents obtained with standard DFT approaches. We further propose an approximate route for prediction of quantitative IV characteristics for both symmetric and asymmetric molecular junctions based on linear response theory and knowledge of the Stark shifts of junction resonance energies. Our work demonstrates that a quantitative, computationally inexpensive description of coherent transport in molecular junctions is readily achievable, enabling new understanding and control of charge transport properties of molecular-scale interfaces at large bias voltages.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Rich groups, weak second order logic, and applications
Creators: name: Kharlampovich, Olga
name: Myasnikov, Alexei
name: Sohrabi, Mahmood
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we initiate a study of first-order rich groups, i.e., groups where the first-order logic has the same power as the weak second order logic. Surprisingly, there are quite a lot of finitely generated rich groups, they are somewhere in between hyperbolic and nilpotent groups (these ones are not rich). We provide some methods to prove that groups (and other structures) are rich and describe some of their properties. As corollaries we look at Malcev's problems in various groups.
description: This a mainly expository paper, the final version of which appeared as a contribution to the book "Groups and Model Theory, GAGTA Book 2", edited by Kharlampovich and Sklinos, published in 2021 by de Gruyter (Misprints are corrected in this version)
Henneaux-Teitelboim gauge symmetry and its applications to higher gauge theories
Creators: name: Djordjevic, Mihailo
name: Radenkovic, Tijana
name: Stipsic, Pavle
name: Vojinovic, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When discussing the gauge symmetries of any theory, the Henneaux-Teitelboim transformations are often underappreciated or even completely ignored, due to their on-shell triviality. Nevertheless, these gauge transformations play an important role in understanding the structure of the full gauge symmetry group of any theory, especially regarding the subgroup of diffeomorphisms. We give a review of the Henneaux-Teitelboim transformations and the resulting gauge group in the general case, and then discuss its role in the applications to the class of topological theories called nBF models, relevant for the constructions of higher gauge theories and quantum gravity.
description: v3: published version, 18 pages
Additional file 1 of Cardiovascular events and venous thromboembolism after primary malignant or non-malignant brain tumour diagnosis: a population matched cohort study in Wales (United Kingdom)
Creators: name: Poon, Michael T. C.
name: Brennan, Paul M.
name: Jin, Kai
name: Sudlow, Cathie L. M.
name: Figueroa, Jonine D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Characteristics of patients with glioblastoma and meningioma and their matched controls. Table S2. Clinical management of 6800 brain tumour patients. Table S3. Cumulative incidence and relative risks of cardiovascular diseases within 1 year of study entry in brain tumour patients compared with general population in competing risk analyses. Table S4. Cumulative incidence and relative risks of cardiovascular diseases from 1 year after study entry in brain tumour patients compared with general population in competing risk analyses. Figure S1. Data completeness for smoking and body mass index data. Figure S2. Crude incidences and hazard ratios for cardiovascular events after tumour diagnosis in people with glioblastoma and meningioma diagnosis compared with their matched controls. Figure S3. Estimated incidences of major vascular events and venous thromboembolism from study entry to 1 year using flexible parametric models by surgery status. Figure S4. Risk comparisons including body mass index and smoking status in multivariable analyses. Figure S5. Risk comparisons excluding stroke occurring within 14 days of brain tumour diagnosis in people with brain tumour.
Electronic Properties and Persistent Spin Currents of Nanospring under Static Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Kosugi, Taichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic electronic properties of a nanospring under a static magnetic field are theoretically investigated in the present study. The wave equation accounting for the spin-orbit interaction is derived for the nanospring as a special case of the Pauli equation for a spin-1/2 particle confined to a curved surface under an electromagnetic field. We define the helical momentum operator and show that it commutes with the Hamiltonian owing to the helical geometry of the nanospring. The energy eigenstates are hence also the eigenstates of the helical momentum. We solve the equation numerically to obtain the surface wave functions and the energy spectra. The electronic properties are systematically examined by varying the parameters that characterize the system. It is demonstrated that either the nonzero spin-orbit interaction or the nonzero external magnetic field suffices for the occurrence of the persistent spin current on the nanospring. Two different mechanisms are shown to generate the persistent spin current. One employs the spin-orbit interaction coming from the local inversion asymmetry on the surface, while the other employs the curvature coupling with the external magnetic field.
description: 10 figures
Presentation Public participartion in your research? Chances and opportunities of citizen science studies
Creators: name: Kiessling, Tim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: citizen science
participation in research
Phd seminar

description: Accompanying presentation for a seminar for Phd students about citizen science, attempting to evaluate which parts of their scientific work could be opened up to the general public. The name of the seminar was "Public participation in your research? Chances and opportunities of citizen science studies"
Lorentz Gauge Quantization in a Cosmological Space-time
Creators: name: Vollick, Dan N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been shown that it is not possible to impose the Lorentz gauge condition in a cosmological space-time using the Gutpa-Bleuler method of quantization. It was also shown that it is possible to add $\nabla_μA^μ$ as a new degree of freedom to the electromagnetic field and that this new degree of freedom might be the dark energy which is producing the accelerated expansion of the Universe. In this paper I show that the Lorentz gauge condition can be imposed using Dirac's method of quantizing constrained dynamical systems. I also compute the vacuum expectation value of the energy-momentum tensor and show that it vanishes. Thus, in Dirac's approach, the electromagnetic field does not make a contribution to the dark energy.
description: 8 pages; http://prd.aps.org/abstract/PRD/v86/i8/e084057
Tuned bipolar oscillating gradients for mapping frequency dispersion of diffusion kurtosis in the human brain
Creators: name: Borsos, Kevin B.
name: Tse, Desmond H. Y.
name: Dubovan, Paul I.
name: Baron, Corey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: Oscillating gradient spin echo (OGSE) sequences have demonstrated an ability to probe time-dependent microstructural features, though they often suffer from low SNR due to increased echo times. In this work we introduce frequency tuned bipolar (FTB) gradients as a variation of oscillating gradients with reduced echo time and demonstrate their utility by mapping the frequency dispersion of diffusion kurtosis in human subjects. Methods: An FTB oscillating gradient waveform is presented that provides encoding of 1.5 net oscillation periods thereby reducing the echo time of the acquisition. Simulations were performed to determine an optimal protocol based on SNR of kurtosis frequency dispersion - defined as the difference in kurtosis between pulsed and oscillating gradient acquisitions. Healthy human subjects were scanned at 7T using pulsed gradient and an optimized 23 Hz FTB protocol, which featured a maximum b-value of 2500 s/mm2. In addition, to directly compare existing methods, measurements using traditional cosine OGSE were also acquired. Results: FTB oscillating gradients demonstrated equivalent frequency dependent diffusion measurements compared to cosine modulated OGSE while enabling a significant reduction in echo time. Optimization and in vivo results suggest FTB gradients provide increased SNR of kurtosis dispersion maps compared to traditional cosine OGSE. The optimized FTB gradient protocol demonstrated consistent reductions in apparent kurtosis values and increased diffusivity in generated frequency dispersion maps. Conclusion: This work presents an alternative to traditional cosine OGSE sequences enabling more time efficient acquisitions of frequency dependent diffusion quantities as demonstrated through in vivo kurtosis frequency dispersion maps.
Potential, permissive, experiential, and desiderative verbs
Creators: name: Irisato, Teruo
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: Teedun-muni language

description: 1 WAV file, 1 TXT file. Potential (ability) "can + V"; permissive "may + V"; experiential "have + V before"; desiderative "want to V."
Asymmetric Absorption Profiles of Lyα and Lyβ in Damped Lyman Alpha Systems
Creators: name: Lee, Hee-Won
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Damped Lyα systems (DLAs) observed in the quasar spectra are characterized by a high neutral hydrogen column density $N_{HI}>2\times 10^{20}{\rm\ cm^{-2}}$. The absorption wing profiles are often fitted using the Voigt function due to the fact that the scattering cross section near resonant line center is approximately described by the Lorentzian function. Since a hydrogen atom has infinitely many $p$ states that participate in the electric dipole interaction, the cross section starts to deviate from the Lorentzian in an asymmetric way in the line wing regions. We investigate this asymmetry in the absorption line profiles around Lyα and Lyβ as a function of the neutral hydrogen column density $N_{HI}$. In terms of $Δλ\equivλ-λ_α$ we expand the Kramers-Heisenberg formula around Lyα to find $σ(λ)\simeq (0.5 f_{12})^2σ_{T}(Δλ/λ_α)^{-2}[1+3.792 (Δλ/λ_α)]$, where $f_{12}$ and $σ_T$ are the oscillator strength of Ly$α$ and the Thomson scattering cross section, respectively. In terms of $Δλ_2\equivλ-λ_β$ in the vicinity of Lyβ, the total scattering cross section, given as the sum of cross sections for Rayleigh and Raman scattering, is shown to be $σ(λ)\simeq σ_T(0.5f_{13})^2(1+R_0) (Δλ_2/λ_β)^{-2}[1-24.68(Δλ_2/λ_β)]$ with $f_{13}$ and the factor $R_0=0.1342$ being the oscillator strength for Lyβ and the ratio of Raman cross section to Rayleigh cross section, respectively. A redward asymmetry develops around Lyα whereas a blue asymmetry is obtained for Lyβ. The absorption center shifts are found to be almost proportional to the neutral hydrogen column density.
description: 30 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, accpeted for publication in ApJ
Spectral dimension of Liouville quantum gravity
Creators: name: Rhodes, Rémi
name: Vargas, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is concerned with computing the spectral dimension of 2d-Liouville quantum gravity. As a warm-up, we first treat the simple case of boundary Liouville quantum gravity. We prove that the spectral dimension is 1 via an exact expression for the boundary Liouville Brownian motion and heat kernel. Then we treat the 2d-case via a decomposition of time integral transforms of the Liouville heat kernel into Gaussian multiplicative chaos of Brownian bridges. We show that the spectral dimension is 2 in this case, as announced by physicists (see Ambj\orn and al. in \cite{amb}) fifteen years ago.
description: 18 pages
title: Living with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy caused by a p.S358L disease-causing variant in TMEM43: symptoms of anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress in non-carrier first-degree relatives of patients with an ICD
Creators: name: Butt, Natalie
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2020

description: This pilot study investigated the mental health impact of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy on families in Newfoundland and Labrador that are affected by arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy caused by a p.S358L mutation in transmembrane protein 43 (TMEM43). The sample for this study was individuals born at an a priori 50% risk of having the TMEM43 mutation but tested negative and had a first-degree relative with an ICD. A total of 25 participants completed three psychometric scales that assessed symptoms of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Our sample scored significantly lower on depression, anxiety, and PTSD than ICD patients but significantly higher on anxiety than the general population. A significant relationship was observed between symptoms of anxiety and the duration of time since their relative had an ICD implanted. As the time since implant increased, anxiety significantly decreased. These preliminary findings suggest that testing negative for the TMEM43 mutation raises anxiety above general population norms; however, within the family context, they have fewer potential mental health sequalea. Studies of this kind can inform healthcare professionals and health system decision makers regarding the provision of mental health services to high risk individuals and their families.