cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A simpler solution of the non-uniqueness problem of the covariant Dirac theory
Creators: name: Arminjon, Mayeul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the standard generally-covariant Dirac equation is unique in a topologically simple spacetime, it has been shown that it leads to non-uniqueness problems for the Hamiltonian and energy operators, including the non-uniqueness of the energy spectrum. These problems should be solved by restricting the choice of the Dirac gamma field in a consistent way. Recently, we proposed to impose the value of the rotation rate of the tetrad field. This is not necessarily easy to implement and works only in a given reference frame. Here, we propose that the gamma field should change only by constant gauge transformations. To get that situation, we are naturally led to assume that the metric can be put in a space-isotropic diagonal form. When this is the case, it distinguishes a preferred reference frame. We show that by defining the gamma field from the "diagonal tetrad" in a chart in which the metric has that form, the uniqueness problems are solved at once for all reference frames. We discuss the physical relevance of the metric considered and our restriction to first-quantized theory.
description: 32 pages in 12pt article. V4: Matches exactly with published version: Theorem 1 corrected (physical relevance unchanged)
Light vector meson production in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ALICE experiment has measured low-mass dimuon production in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV in the dimuon rapidity region 2.5
description: 18 pages, 6 captioned figures, 2 tables, authors from page 13, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/3508
Gene discovery in individuals from families indicative of Mendelian forms of late onset Alzheimer disease
Creators: name: Greenwood, Talitha
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Globally, approximately 35.6 million people live with dementia, with a yearly incident increase of approximately 7.7 million. Factoring in the aging population and increasing life expectancies, current projections predict that by 2050, global prevalence of dementia will reach 155 million. Alzheimer disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia accounting for 60-80% of cases. AD is a complex and genetically heterogeneous condition. Most cases are the result of multifactorial inheritance with advancing age being the greatest contributor to risk; however, approximately 5% of AD occurs in the context of a dominant family history. Because there is such a strong association between young onset age (before age 60-65) and dominantly inherited AD, it is unclear how often late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD) is due to single gene inheritance. We hypothesize that LOAD in multi-incident families is, at times, caused by single gene mutation, in either the 3 genes known to cause early-onset AD (PSEN1, PSEN2 and APP) or genes not previously associated with AD. Family history data from attendees of a referral-based memory disorder clinic were entered into a new comprehensive database which allowed selection of thirteen families suggestive of dominantly inherited LOAD. A targeted gene panel containing the coding region of 177 genes implicated in dementia and other neurodegenerative conditions was used to screen for pathogenic mutations in our candidate families. We identified 97 missense variants and 1 nonsense variant, including mutations in PSEN1 (p.I437V), PSEN2 (p.S130L), DNAJC13 (p.N855S), DCTN1 (p.T147A) and LMNA (p.N459S). Our findings justify offering diagnostic genetic testing to individuals symptomatic for LOAD with family histories suggestive of autosomal dominant inheritance. Currently, such testing is only offered to individuals with early-onset disease. This research also provides a useful framework for ongoing gene discovery in LOAD and other dementias utilizing the family history database and population-based DNA samples available at the University of British Columbia Hospital Clinic for Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders (UBCH-CARD).
Analyse der posttranskriptionellen Regulation der Genexpression während der erythroiden Reifung
Creators: name: Naarmann, Isabel Sophie
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 573.15548845
subject: 572.8

description: Während der erythroiden Reifung wird der Zellkern ausgeschleust, so dass keine mRNA-Synthese stattfinden kann. Daher wird die Translation von mRNAs, die für Proteine kodieren, die wichtig für späte Stadien der Reifung sind, kontrolliert. Retikulozyten-15-Lipoxygenase (r15-LOX) katalysiert den Abbau der Mitochondrien in reifen Retikulozyten. R15-LOX wird nur in reifen Retikulozyten synthetisiert, obwohl die r15-LOX-mRNA bereits in erythroiden Vorläuferzellen vorhanden ist. Der hnRNP K/ hnRNP E1/ DICE-Komplex in der 3’UTR der r15-LOX-mRNA inhibiert die Translationsinitiation am Startkodon. Es wurde ein induzierbares erythroides Zellsystem, basierend auf K562-Zellen etabliert, das die DICE-abhängige Kontrolle der r15-LOX-mRNA-Translation rekapituliert. DDX6 wurde als Regulator der r15-LOX-mRNA-Translation identifiziert. hnRNP K wurde als Regulator der c-Src-mRNA-Translation während der erythroiden Reifung identifiziert. Der Abbau von hnRNP K während der erythroiden Reifung wurde untersucht.
Prediction and reduction of cycle time for five-axis CNC machine tools
Creators: name: Tulsyan, Sneha
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The growing demand for high speed machining in aerospace, automotive and die and mold industry has directed the interest of research community towards prediction and reduction of machining cycle time. In this thesis, a cycle time prediction scheme is proposed for milling operations based on identified CNC machine dynamics in exact-stop and continuous mode. Various system identification techniques are utilized to identify the implemented trajectory generation and corner smoothing technique and feed drive dynamics of the CNC system. An analytical approach for predicting cycle time based on the identified CNC system dynamics and given part program is presented. It is shown that the cycle time of NC machining process is predominantly affected by trajectory generation and corner smoothing techniques implemented on CNC systems. The closed-loop feed drive dynamics does not have much influence on the cycle time, since the tracking delay is insignificant in position control servos. The proposed algorithm is validated in experiments and experimental results has shown that the cycle time prediction error remains within 5% for various 2-axis, 3-axis and 5-axis toolpaths. In the later half of the thesis, a new decoupled approach for five-axis corner smoothing is presented to reduce the cycle time of milling operations. Toolpath position and orientation are smoothed by inserting quintic and normalized septic micro-splines, respectively between the adjacent linear toolpath segments. Optimal control points are calculated for position and orientation splines to achieve C³ continuity at the junctions between the splines and the linear segments while respecting user-defined corner position tolerance and orientation tolerance limits. Synchronization of position and orientation splines is carried out. After geometrical modification of the toolpath, feedrate planning is performed using C³ continuous cubic acceleration feedrate profile to preserve jerk continuity in toolpath motion. The proposed C³ continuous toolpath motion is compared against the unsmooth and C² continuous motion in experiments and simulations to show improvements in cycle time, tracking accuracy and smoothness throughout the toolpath.
Higher Dimensional Cylindrical or Kasner Type Electrovacuum Solutions
Creators: name: Delice, Özgür
name: Kirezli, Pınar
name: Çiftci, Dilek K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a D dimensional Kasner type diagonal spacetime where metric functions depend only on a single coordinate and electromagnetic field shares the symmetries of spacetime. These solutions can describe static cylindrical or cosmological Einstein-Maxwell vacuum spacetimes. We mainly focus on electrovacuum solutions and four different types of solutions are obtained in which one of them has no four dimensional counterpart. We also consider the properties of the general solution corresponding to the exterior field of a charged line mass and discuss its several properties. Although it resembles the same form with four dimensional one, there is a difference on the range of the solutions for fixed signs of the parameters. General magnetic field vacuum solution are also briefly discussed, which reduces to Bonnor-Melvin magnetic universe for a special choice of the parameters. The Kasner forms of the general solution are also presented for the cylindrical or cosmological cases.
description: 16 pages, Revtex. Text and references are extended, Published version
Isolierung des Paprika Bs3-Resistenzgens und Interaktionsanalyse zwischen TAL-Effektoren und pflanzlichen Promotoren
Creators: name: Römer, Patrick
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 571.9933123952
subject: 572

description: Das R-Gen Bs3 aus der Paprikalinie ECW-30R vermittelt Resistenz gegen AvrBs3-translozierende Xcv-Stämme. In der Arbeit wurde das Bs3-Gen isoliert. Es weist Homologie zu FMOs auf. Die Aktivierung des Bs3-Promotors ist abhängig von der UPTAvrBs3-Box, an die AvrBs3 spezifisch bindet. Das Bs3-E-Allel aus der Paprikalinie ECW enthält eine 13-Bp Insertion in der UPTAvrBs3-Box, die bedingt, dass AvrBs3Δrep16 diesen Promotor binden und aktivieren kann. Durch den 13 Bp Unterschied konnte der Marker “PR-Bs3“ abgeleitet werden, der zwischen Bs3-resistenten und suszeptiblen Pflanzen diskriminieren kann. Die Längen der UPTAvrBs3- und der UPTAvrBs3Δrep16-Box wurden durch Mutagenese bestimmt. Die Verschiebung der UPTAvrBs3-Box an verschiedene Positionen zeigte, dass diese den Transkriptionsstart definiert. Für die durch TAL-Effektoren induzierten Gene Os8N3, Os11N3, OsTFX1 und Xa27 aus Reis ist die spezifische Promotorbindung die Grundlage für die Aktivierung der Gene. In der Arbeit wurde gezeigt, dass drei UPT-Boxen in einem komplexen Promotor kombiniert werden können, wobei die Spezifität und Funktionalität der einzelnen Boxen erhalten bleibt.
Untersuchung der für einen Tat-Transport in Escherichia coli erforderlichen Substrateigenschaften
Creators: name: Richter, Silke
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 571.6429342
subject: 570

description: Das Tat-System (twin-arginine translocation) ist ein Protein-Transportsystem, welches die Translokation von gefalteten Proteinen über biologische Membranen ermöglicht. Das Wissen über den notwendigen Faltungszustand der Tat-Substrate ist fundamental wichtig für die Aufklärung des Transport-Mechanismuses. In Escherichia coli ist das Tat-System nicht in der Lage PhoA (Alkalische Phosphatase) fusioniert an ein Tat-Signalpeptid (RR-PhoA) zu transportieren, da PhoA die Bildung von Disufid-Brücken zur Faltung benötigt. Diese Arbeit zeigt, dass ein effizientes Targeting eines solchen RR-PhoA-Konstruktes zum Tat-Translokon möglich ist, der Transport aber nicht vollständig abläuft. RR-PhoA ist detektierbar in einem 580 kDa TatBC-enthaltenden Komplex. Ein zweiter TatBC-Komplex bei 440 kDa enthält kein RR-PhoA. Das Targeting von PhoA zum Tat-Translokon ist abhängig vom twin-arginine-Motiv und hat eine deutliche Wachstumsinhibition zur Folge. Dieser physiologische Effekt ist wahrscheinlich auf ein Protonen-leakage an der Cytoplasmamembran zurückzuführen. Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt mittels der natürlich ungefalteten FG-repeats des Nucleoporins Nsp1p aus Hefe, fusioniert an ein Tat-Signalpeptid, einen Tat-Transport von völlig unstrukturierten Proteinen. Der Transport der ungefalteten Proteine wird ineffizienter mit der Länge der Konstrukte. Die Einführung von sechs Aminosäureresten aus dem hydrophoben core-Bereich eines globulären Proteins blockierte den Transport vollständig, was darauf hinweist, dass hydrophile Oberflächen eine Voraussetzung für den Tat-Transport sind. Die physiologischen Daten lassen vermuten, dass exponierte hydrophobe Bereiche den Transport zu einem späten Zeitpunkt, wahrscheinlich durch Interaktion mit der Membran, abbrechen lassen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine intrinsische Qualitätskontrolle der Faltung am Tat-System selber nicht existiert und deuten auf eine Inkompatibilität des Tat-Systems mit langen ungefalteten Proteinen und mit Proteinen mit exponierten hydrophoben Oberflächen hin.
The distance-t chromatic index of graphs
Creators: name: Kaiser, Tomáš
name: Kang, Ross J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C15 (primary), 05C35, 05D40, 05C70 (secondary)

description: We consider two graph colouring problems in which edges at distance at most $t$ are given distinct colours, for some fixed positive integer $t$. We obtain two upper bounds for the distance-$t$ chromatic index, the least number of colours necessary for such a colouring. One is a bound of $(2-\eps)Δ^t$ for graphs of maximum degree at most $Δ$, where $\eps$ is some absolute positive constant independent of $t$. The other is a bound of $O(Δ^t/\log Δ)$ (as $Δ\to\infty$) for graphs of maximum degree at most $Δ$ and girth at least $2t+1$. The first bound is an analogue of Molloy and Reed's bound on the strong chromatic index. The second bound is tight up to a constant multiplicative factor, as certified by a class of graphs of girth at least $g$, for every fixed $g \ge 3$, of arbitrarily large maximum degree $Δ$, with distance-$t$ chromatic index at least $Ω(Δ^t/\log Δ)$.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures; to appear in Combinatorics, Probability and Computing
Oleogele auf 12-Hydroxystearinsäurebasis als injizierbare Implantate zur kontrollierten Proteinfreisetzung
Creators: name: Kutza, Johannes
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Pharmazeutische Technologie
subject: Proteine
subject: Kontrollierte Wirkstofffreisetzung
subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 615

description: Proteine gewinnen in der Arzneimitteltherapie immer mehr an Bedeutung. Jedoch müssen diese Arzneimittel in der Regel in recht hoher Frequenz als Injektion verabreicht werden. Um die Häufigkeit zu senken, war es das Ziel ein System zu entwickeln, welches mit einer einmaligen Injektion die Therapie für mehrere Monate sicherstellt. Daraufhin wurden Oleogele auf 12-Hydroxystearinsäurebasis entwickelt. Diese konnten mit Proteinlösung als W/O-Emusilon beladen werden. Es folgte eine Charakterisierung hinsichtlich morphologischer Eigenschaften mittels konfokaler Laser-Scanning-Mikroskopie und Phasenkontrastmikroskopie. Außerdem wurde eine physikochemische Untersuchung mittels oszillierender Rheometrie und ESR-Spektroskopie durchgeführt. Die Freisetzungstudien erfolgten mit Hilfe von multispektraler Fluoreszenzbildgebung sowohl an einem eigens entwickelten Modell als auch im Tierversuch. Es zeigte sich, dass mit diesen Systemen eine kontrollierte Freisetzung über bis zu vier Monat möglich war.
description: Proteins are getting more and more important in drug therapy. But these drugs have to be applied very often by injection. To reduce the frequency it was the aim to develop a system which ensures the therapy for months by only one injection. Therefor, 12-hydroxystearic acid oleogels have been developed. These could be loaded with a solution of protein as W/O emulsion. A characterization of the morphological properties by confocal laser scanning microscopy and phase contrast microscopy followed. Furthermore, the physicochemical investigation was done by oscillation rheometry and ESR spectroscopy. Finally, the release studies were performed by multispectral fluorescence imaging with an especially developed model in vitro and also in vivo. It was found that the system shows a controlled release of protein for up to four month.
Truly work-like work extraction
Creators: name: Aberg, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The work content of non-equilibrium systems in relation to a heat bath is often analyzed in terms of expectation values of an underlying random work variable. However, we show that when optimizing the expectation value of the extracted work, the resulting extraction process is subject to intrinsic fluctuations, uniquely determined by the Hamiltonian and the initial distribution of the system. These fluctuations can be of the same order as the expected work content per se, in which case the extracted energy is unpredictable, thus intuitively more heat-like than work-like. This raises the question of the `truly' work-like energy that can extracted. Here we consider an alternative that corresponds to an essentially fluctuation-free extraction. We show that this quantity can be expressed in terms of a non-equilibrium generalization of the free energy, or equivalently in terms of a one-shot relative entropy measure introduced in information theory.
description: Main text reformulated. New figures. Some discussions added
Finite Element Simulation of Dynamic Wetting Flows as an Interface Formation Process
Creators: name: Sprittles, James
name: Shikhmurzaev, Yulii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mathematically challenging model of dynamic wetting as a process of interface formation has been, for the first time, fully incorporated into a numerical code based on the finite element method and applied, as a test case, to the problem of capillary rise. The motivation for this work comes from the fact that, as discovered experimentally more than a decade ago, the key variable in dynamic wetting flows -the dynamic contact angle - depends not just on the velocity of the three-phase contact line but on the entire flow field/geometry. Hence, to describe this effect, it becomes necessary to use the mathematical model that has this dependence as its integral part. A new physical effect, termed the `hydrodynamic resist to dynamic wetting', is discovered where the influence of the capillary's radius on the dynamic contact angle, and hence on the global flow, is computed. The capabilities of the numerical framework are then demonstrated by comparing the results to experiments on the unsteady capillary rise, where excellent agreement is obtained. Practical recommendations on the spatial resolution required by the numerical scheme for a given set of non-dimensional similarity parameters are provided, and a comparison to asymptotic results available in limiting cases confirms that the code is converging to the correct solution. The appendix gives a user-friendl step-by-step guide specifying the entire implementation and allowing the reader to easily reproduce all presented results, including the benchmark calculations.
description: Minor errors in Eq 53, 63 and resulting expressions corrected which were never present in the code - i.e. all previous results remain valid and unchanged
Zelltransplantation im Tiermodell der akuten und chronischen Leberschädigung
Creators: name: Brückner, Sandra
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 615

description: Wie die Organtransplantation bedarf die klinische Hepatozytentransplantation der Immunsuppression. Im Rattenmodell wurden allogene, über die Portalvene applizierte Hepatozyten T-Zell-vermittelt abgestoßen. Die Abstoßungsreaktion konnte durch Cyclosporin A am effektivsten verhindert werden. Cyclosporin A erhöhte außerdem die Integrationsrate von Spenderhepatozyten in das Empfängerparenchym durch Auflockerung der Endothelbarriere. Als Alternative zur Hepatozytentransplantation wurde der therapeutische Nutzen von hepatogen differenzierten mesenchymalen Stammzellen (MSC) in Modellen der akuten und chronischen Leberschädigung untersucht. Die hepatozytär differenzierten MSC wirkten hepatoprotektiv und stellen somit eine mögliche Alternative zu Hepatozytentransplantation dar. Darüber hinaus konnten porcine MSC aus Knochenmark, sowie subkutanem/viszeralem Fettgewebe isoliert und hepatogen differenziert werden, und stehen somit zur Verwendung in einem präklinischen Großtiermodell zur Verfügung.
description: As for whole organ transplantation, immunosuppressive drugs are necessary to prevent rejection of hepatocytes after transplantation. The rejection of allogeneic hepatocytes delivered via portal vein was T-cell mediated. It could effectively be avoided by Cyclosporine A treatment. In addition, Cyclosporine A elevated the integration of donor hepatocytes into the recipient liver parenchyma by disturbing the liver endothelium. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) differentiated into “hepatocyte-like” cells were used instead of primary hepatocytes for transplantation to prevent acute and chronic liver failure. Regarding their protective features on the liver parenchyma, mesenchymal stem cell-derived “hepatocyte-like” cells seem to be a feasible therapeutic alternative to hepatocyte transplantation. Thus, porcine “hepatocyte-like” cells were generated from bone marrow as well as from subcutaneous/visceral adipose tissue MSC to make these cell sources available for preclinical large animal studies.
Strangers on a Plane: Context-Dependent Willingness to Divulge Sensitive Information
Creators: name: John, Leslie K
name: Acquisti, Alessandro
name: Loewenstein, George
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Organizational Behavioral Psychology
subject: 80703 Human Information Behaviour
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: New marketing paradigms that exploit the capabilities for data collection, aggregation, and dissemination introduced by the Internet provide benefits to consumers but also pose real or perceived privacy hazards. In four experiments, we seek to understand consumer decisions to reveal or withhold information and the relationship between such decisions and objective hazards posed by information revelation. Our central thesis, and a central finding of all four experiments, is that disclosure of private information is responsive to environmental cues that bear little connection, or are even inversely related, to objective hazards. We address underlying processes and rule out alternative explanations by eliciting subjective judgments of the sensitivity of inquiries (experiment 3) and by showing that the effect of cues diminishes if privacy concern is activated at the outset of the experiment (experiment 4). This research highlights consumer vulnerabilities in navigating increasingly complex privacy issues introduced by new information technologies. © 2010 by JOURNAL OF CONSUMER RESEARCH, Inc.
Additional file 1 of Magnolia extract is effective for the chemoprevention of oral cancer through its ability to inhibit mitochondrial respiration at complex I
Creators: name: Zhang, Qi
name: Cheng, Gang
name: Pan, Jing
name: Zielonka, Jacek
name: Xiong, Donghai
name: Myers, Charles R.
name: Feng, Liang
name: Shin, Song Seok
name: Kim, Young Heui
name: Bui, Dinh
name: Hu, Ming
name: Bennett, Brian
name: Schmainda, Kathleen
name: Wang, Yian
name: Kalyanaraman, Balaraman
name: You, Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Variability in active compounds of magnolol extracts in various marketed products of ME found in local pharmacy or popular internet sites. Product #7 is the one we called ME.
Non-Fermi Liquid due to Orbital Fluctuations in Iron Pnictide Superconductors
Creators: name: Lee, Wei-Cheng
name: Phillips, Philip W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of quantum fluctuations on the electron self energy in the normal state of iron-pnictide superconductors using a five orbital tight binding model with generalized Hubbard on-site interactions. Within a one-loop treatment, we find that an overdamped collective mode develops at low frequency in channels associated with quasi-1D $d_{xz}$ and $d_{yz}$ bands. When the critical point for the $C_4$ symmetry broken phase (structural phase transition) is approached, the overdamped collective modes soften, and acquire increased spectral weight, resulting in non-Fermi liquid behavior at the Fermi surface characterized by the frequency dependence of the imaginary part of electron self energy of the form $ω^λ$, $0
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, more discussions and results are included. Accepted by Phys. Rev. B
Doubly Special Relativity with a minimum speed and the Uncertainty Principle
Creators: name: Nassif, Cláudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present work aims to search for an implementation of a new symmetry in the space-time by introducing the idea of an invariant minimum speed scale ($V$). Such a lowest limit $V$, being unattainable by the particles, represents a fundamental and preferred reference frame connected to a universal background field (a vacuum energy) that breaks Lorentz symmetry. So there emerges a new principle of symmetry in the space-time at the subatomic level for very low energies close to the background frame ($v\approx V$), providing a fundamental understanding for the uncertainty principle, i.e., the uncertainty relations should emerge from the space-time with an invariant minimum speed.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, Correlated paper in: http://www.worldscientific.com/worldscinet/ijmpd?journalTabs=read. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:physics/0702095, arXiv:0705.4315, arXiv:0709.1727, arXiv:0805.1201
Generation of novel intracellular binding reagents based on the human γB-crystallin scaffold
Creators: name: Mirecka, Ewa
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 571

description: Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Dissertation wurde daher die Eignung der γB-Kristallin-Struktur für die Entwicklung von intrazellulären Bindeproteinen untersucht. Als Modell wurde das human Papillomavirus E7 Protein, welches bei der Entwicklung von Gebärmutterhalskrebs eine Rolle spielt, ausgewählt. In einem Phage-Display Selektionsprozess konnten erfolgreich anti-E7 Affilin Varianten mit Affinität zu E7 im nano- bis mikromolaren Bereich isoliert werden. Für anti-E7 Affilin Varianten, die in eukaryontischen Zellen transient produziert wurden, konnte eine signifikante und spezifische Inhibierung der Proliferation E7-positiver Zellen nachgewiesen werden. Die hier präsentierten Ergebnisse belegen damit erstmalig, dass Affilin Moleküle ihre Funktionalität und ihre Bindungseigenschaften auch im reduzierenden Medium des Zellinneren von eukaryontischen Zellen behalten. Sie sind daher für die Generierung neuartiger intrazellulär funktioneller Bindeproteine grundsätzlich geeignet.
A robust and sensitive voxel-based method for measuring cortical thickness change using fuzzy correspondence
Creators: name: Saurabh, Saurabh
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The human cerebral cortex is a deep folded structure of grey matter and is responsible for maintaining cognitive functions. The cortical thickness has emerged as an important surrogate biomarker in many neurodegenerative diseases. In this thesis, we propose a longitudinal method called LCT (Longitudinal Cortical Thickness) for measuring cortical thickness changes over time in magnetic resonance scans. We adopt a voxel-based approach rather than surface-based to gain computational efficiency and sensitivity to subtle changes but aim to achieve the scan-rescan reproducibility of surface-based methods. The existing surface-based methods are very time-consuming and the topological and smoothness constraints imposed during surface reconstruction may blunt longitudinal sensitivity. Also, longitudinal processing requires establishing anatomical correspondence across time, and most current methods use deformable registration for this purpose, which requires setting many parameters that can directly affect the measurements. In contrast, LCT establishes cortex-specific matches by using three intuitive features: normal direction, spatial coordinates and shape context that are defined on the cortical skeleton. We also introduce the concept of fuzzy correspondence, which allows a skeletal point in one scan to be partially matched to multiple points in another scan, thereby enhancing the stability of the matches. LCT was evaluated using three longitudinal datasets: 1) same-day pairs of scans of 15 subjects to test for scan-rescan reproducibility, 2) paired scans of 50 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and 50 healthy subjects taken one-year apart, to test our method’s ability to distinguish between AD and normal, and 3) paired scans of 100 secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) subjects taken two years apart, to test for sensitivity to change over time. Tests on the scan-rescan dataset show that LCT is comparable in scan-rescan reproducibility to two other state-of-the-art methods: FreeSurfer and minimum line integral (MLI). Tests on the AD dataset show that LCT detected larger group differences between AD and normal subjects than FreeSurfer and MLI. Further, the results on the MS dataset demonstrate that LCT is more sensitive to change over time and produced stronger correlations between cortical thickness changes and changes in clinical scores than FreeSurfer, which did not produce any statistically significant correlations.
Chameleon f(R) gravity in the virialized cluster
Creators: name: Lombriser, Lucas
name: Koyama, Kazuya
name: Zhao, Gong-Bo
name: Li, Baojiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current constraints on f(R) gravity from the large-scale structure are at the verge of penetrating into a region where the modified forces become nonlinearly suppressed. For a consistent treatment of observables at these scales, we study cluster quantities produced in chameleon and linearized Hu-Sawicki f(R) gravity dark matter N-body simulations. We find that the standard Navarro-Frenk-White halo density profile and the radial power law for the pseudo phase-space density provide equally good fits for f(R) clusters as they do in the Newtonian scenario. We give qualitative arguments for why this should be the case. For practical applications, we derive analytic relations, e.g., for the f(R) scalar field, the gravitational potential, and the velocity dispersion as seen within the virialized clusters. These functions are based on three degrees of freedom fitted to simulations, i.e., the characteristic density, scale, and velocity dispersion. We further analyze predictions for these fitting parameters from the gravitational collapse and the Jeans equation, which are found to agree well with the simulations. Our analytic results can be used to consistently constrain chameleon f(R) gravity with future observations on virialized cluster scales without the necessity of running a large number of simulations.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; v2 matches published version
Quantum phases of hard-core bosons on 2D lattices with anisotropic dipole-dipole interaction
Creators: name: Ohgoe, Takahiro
name: Suzuki, Takafumi
name: Kawashima, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using an unbiased quantum Monte Carlo method, we investigate the hard-core Bose-Hubbard model on a square lattice with anisotropic dipole-dipole interaction. To study the effect of the anisotropy, dipole moments are assumed to be polarized in the $y$ direction on the two-dimensional (2D) $xy$ plane. To perform efficient simulations of long-range interacting systems, we use the worm algorithm with an O(N) Monte Carlo method. We obtain the ground-state phase diagram that includes a superfluid phase and a striped solid phase at half-filling as two main phases. In addition to these two main phases, we find a small region where there are multi plateaus in the particle density for small hopping amplitudes. In this region, the number of plateaus increases as the system size increases. This indicates the appearance of numerous competing ground states due to frustrated interactions. In our simulations, we find no evidence of a supersolid phase.
Die Veränderungen des Zugangs und der Komplikationsrate bei AR/AHB-Patienten nach Hüft- und Kniegelenksendoprothetik mit Einführung der DRGs aus der Perspektive einer Reha-Klinik
Creators: name: Kopp, Gisa Angela
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 615

description: Über einen langen Zeitraum vor und während der DRG-Konvergenzphase sollten bei der AHB von Patienten nach Hüft- und Knie-TEP-Implantationen Veränderungen der Kranken-hausverweildauer, der Übergangszeiten, der Komplikationsraten, der Rückverlegungen und des Medikamentenverbrauchs untersucht werden. Die Akten von 3 196 Patienten wurden retrospektiv analysiert. Die mittlere Krankenhausverweildauer ging von 16,8 auf 12,6 Tage zurück, die Häufigkeit der Direktverlegungen zur AHB stieg von 9,0 auf 46,7%. Die Gesamtkomplikationsrate erhöhte sich von 3,0 auf 21,8%; vor allem aufgrund von Wundheilungsstörungen mit einem Anstieg von 0,6 auf 14,4%. Krankenhausrückverlegungen wegen akuter Komplikationen stiegen von 1,6 auf 3,7%. Im Studienzeitraum erhöhte sich der Medikamentenverbrauch bei Antikoagulantien, Analgetika und vorwiegend wegen Harnwegsinfektionen bei Antibiotika. Mit der DRG-Einführung werden bereits vor Abschluss der Konvergenzphase Hinweise auf eine Verlagerung von postoperativen Komplikationen und Leistungen aus den Akutkranken-häusern in den Bereich der Rehabilitation gefunden.
New classes of weighted Hölder-Zygmund spaces and the wavelet transform
Creators: name: Pilipovic, Stevan
name: Rakic, Dusan
name: Vindas, Jasson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A12, 26B35, 42C40, 46E35, 46F05

description: We provide a new and elementary proof of the continuity theorem for the wavelet and left-inverse wavelet transforms on the spaces $ \mathcal{S}_0(\mathbb{R}^n) $ and $ \mathcal{S}(\mathbb{H}^{n+1})$. We then introduce and study a new class of weighted Hölder-Zygmund spaces, where the weights are regularly varying functions. The analysis of these spaces is carried out via the wavelet transform and generalized Littlewood-Paley pairs.
description: 18 pages
Additional file 5 of Magnolia extract is effective for the chemoprevention of oral cancer through its ability to inhibit mitochondrial respiration at complex I
Creators: name: Zhang, Qi
name: Cheng, Gang
name: Pan, Jing
name: Zielonka, Jacek
name: Xiong, Donghai
name: Myers, Charles R.
name: Feng, Liang
name: Shin, Song Seok
name: Kim, Young Heui
name: Bui, Dinh
name: Hu, Ming
name: Bennett, Brian
name: Schmainda, Kathleen
name: Wang, Yian
name: Kalyanaraman, Balaraman
name: You, Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Additional file 5: Figure S4. A. HPLC fingerprint of ME used in the current study (made by SK Bioland). B Structures of 11 compounds identified in the used ME, from LC-MS/MS analyses.
Determination of SU(2) Chiral Perturbation Theory low energy constants from a precise description of pion-pion scattering threshold parameters
Creators: name: Nebreda, J.
name: Pelaez, J. R.
name: Rios, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the values of the one- and two-loop low energy constants appearing in the SU(2) Chiral Perturbation Theory calculation of pion-pion scattering. For this we use a recent and precise sum rule determination of some scattering lengths and slopes that appear in the effective range expansion. In addition we provide sum rules for these coefficients up to third order in the expansion. Our results when using only the scattering lengths and slopes of the S, P, D and F waves are consistent with previous determinations, but seem to require higher order contributions if they are to accommodate the third order coefficients of the effective range expansion.
description: 16 pages. Version published in Phys. Rev. D. Enlarged discussions in several sections, appendices and many references added. Results and conclusions unchanged
Fath & Proudfoot 2024 Psychological Science
Creators: name: Fath, Sean
name: Proudfoot, Devon
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: In the present research, we explored social identity threat caused by subtle acts of omission, specifically, situations in which social identity information is requested but one’s identity is not among the options provided. We predicted that being unable to identify with one’s group—i.e., in the demographics section of a survey—may signal social identity devaluation, eliciting negative affect (e.g., anger) and increasing the importance of the omitted identity to group members’ sense of self. Six pre-registered experiments (N = 2,964 adults) sampling members of two minority identity groups (i.e., gender minorities and members of a minority political party) support these predictions. Our findings document the existence of a subtle but likely pervasive form of social identity threat.
Template fitting of WMAP 7-year data: anomalous dust or flattening synchrotron emission?
Creators: name: Peel, M. W.
name: Dickinson, C.
name: Davies, R. D.
name: Banday, A. J.
name: Jaffe, T. R.
name: Jonas, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anomalous microwave emission at 20-40 GHz has been detected across our Galactic sky. It is highly correlated with thermal dust emission and hence it is thought to be due to spinning dust grains. Alternatively, this emission could be due to synchrotron radiation with a flattening (hard) spectral index. We cross-correlate synchrotron, free-free and thermal dust templates with the WMAP 7-year maps using synchrotron templates at both 408 MHz and 2.3 GHz to assess the amount of flat synchrotron emission that is present, and the impact that this has on the correlations with the other components. We find that there is only a small amount of flattening visible in the synchrotron spectral indices by 2.3 GHz, of around Δβ~ 0.05, and that the significant level of dust-correlated emission in the lowest WMAP bands is largely unaffected by the choice of synchrotron template, particularly at high latitudes (it decreases by only ~7 per cent when using 2.3 GHz rather than 408 MHz). This agrees with expectation if the bulk of the anomalous emission is generated by spinning dust grains.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 6 tables. Published in MNRAS
On the Spectral Asymptotics of Operators on Manifolds with Ends
Creators: name: Coriasco, Sandro
name: Maniccia, Lidia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58J40 (Primary) 35S05, 35S30, 47G30, 58J45 (Secondary)

description: We deal with the asymptotic behaviour for $λ\to+\infty$ of the counting function $N_P(λ)$ of certain positive selfadjoint operators $P$ with double order $(m,μ)$, $m,μ>0$, $m\not=μ$, defined on a manifold with ends $M$. The structure of this class of noncompact manifolds allows to make use of calculi of pseudodifferential operators and Fourier Integral Operators associated with weighted symbols globally defined on $\mathbb{R}^n$. By means of these tools, we improve known results concerning the remainder terms of the Weyl Formulae for $N_P(λ)$ and show how their behaviour depends on the ratio $\frac{m}μ$ and the dimension of $M$.
description: Final version, 30 pages
Untersuchungen zum Einfluss oraler Kontrazeptiva auf den Blutdruck bei gesunden Mädchen im jungen Erwachsenenalter zwischen 14 und 18 Jahren mittels ambulanter Langzeitblutdruckmessung
Creators: name: Forsberg, Hanna Daniela Elisabeth
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Online-Publikation
subject: Hochschulschrift
subject: 615
subject: 610

description: Der Zusammenhang zwischen der Einnahme der „Pille“ und Veränderungen des Blutdruckes bei jungen Frauen war Inhalt dieser Studie. Hierbei wurden 11 gesunde Probandinnen mit einem initialen Durchschnittsalter von 16 Jahren zu zwei festgelegten Messzeitpunkten mittels einer ambulanten Langzeitblutdruckmessung untersucht. Bei den eingeschlossenen Probandinnen wurden vor der ersten Blutdruckmessung Gewicht und Größe, u.a. zur Ermittlung des BMI, erfasst sowie eine standardisierte Sonographie des Harntraktes durchgeführt. Die erhaltenen Rohwerte wurden mithilfe der modifizierten LMS-Korrektur (mittels Einteilung nach Größe) nach Wühl et al. in SDS-Werte und somit eine normalverteilte Form transformiert. Unter Summation von Risikofaktoren konnten nach Einnahme einer oralen Kontrazeption Blutdruckveränderungen in Form eines Blutdruckanstieges registriert werden.
description: The association between the use of the "pill" and changes in blood pressure in young women was the subject of this study. Here, 11 healthy subjects were examined with an initial mean age of 16 years to two fixed points in time by means of a long-term ambulatory blood pressure measurement. Subjects were confined at the front of the first blood pressure measurement the weight and size, including for the determination of BMI, recorded and performed a standardized ultrasonography of the urinary tract. The raw data obtained were evaluated using the modified LMS correction (by classification according to size) to Scavenge et al. in SDS values ​​and thus transformed a normally distributed form. In summation of risk factors were registered after taking oral contraception blood pressure changes in the form of a rise in blood pressure.
Multiply-refined enumeration of alternating sign matrices
Creators: name: Behrend, Roger E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 05A05, 05A15, 05A19, 15B35, 82B20, 82B23

description: Four natural boundary statistics and two natural bulk statistics are considered for alternating sign matrices (ASMs). Specifically, these statistics are the positions of the 1's in the first and last rows and columns of an ASM, and the numbers of generalized inversions and -1's in an ASM. Previously-known and related results for the exact enumeration of ASMs with prescribed values of some of these statistics are discussed in detail. A quadratic relation which recursively determines the generating function associated with all six statistics is then obtained. This relation also leads to various new identities satisfied by generating functions associated with fewer than six of the statistics. The derivation of the relation involves combining the Desnanot-Jacobi determinant identity with the Izergin-Korepin formula for the partition function of the six-vertex model with domain-wall boundary conditions.
description: 62 pages; v3 slightly updated relative to published version
The information seeking experiences of the post-secondary distance/online student
Creators: name: Black, Nancy Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Understanding the information seeking experiences of distance/online learners is important because it sheds light on information seeking behaviour of distance learners, builds awareness about the phenomenon, and provides insights for practitioners, but there has been little prior research on this topic. This qualitative investigation builds on Library and Information Studies (LIS) information seeking research, framed by ideas associated with hermeneutic phenomenology as the theoretical framework. The results of this study showed the ways in which participants’ perceptions and attitudes influenced their information seeking behaviour. Among the findings, five stand out as being particularly revealing about the participants’ information seeking behaviour: the high value placed on time (and the relational dynamic of time with motivation, domain knowledge, and source preference); the Dunning-Kruger Effect; perceptions about librarians, library resources and services; the connection made by participants between technological aptitude and searching success/outcomes; and searching experiences that contributed to altered or transformed searching behaviour. The findings of this study are presented in five dimensions reflective of the descriptive and the interpretive range of the phenomenon of participant information seeking experiences: 1) Profile; 2) Essence; 3) Sense-Making; 4) Barriers; and 5) Transformation. The conclusions drawn from the study findings provide insights about the phenomenon of information seeking experiences and behaviour of distance/online learners and suggest changes to practice.