cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Teukolsky master equation and Painlevé transcendents: numerics and extremal limit
Creators: name: da Cunha, Bruno Carneiro
name: Cavalcante, João Paulo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conduct an analysis of the quasi-normal modes for generic spin perturbations of the Kerr black hole using the isomonodromic method. The strategy consists of solving the Riemann-Hilbert map relating the accessory parameters of the differential equations involved to monodromy properties of the solutions, using the $τ$-function for the Painlevé V transcendent. We show good accordance of the method with the literature for generic rotation parameter $a
description: REVTeX 4.2, 17 pages, 7 figures; version 2 with added references and better control of the Stokes phenomenon in the numerical calculations. Results now agree within machine precision to the method of choice when they are both applicable
Effects of the low frequencies of noise on On-Off intermittency
Creators: name: Aumaitre, Sebastien
name: Mallick, Kirone
name: Petrelis, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A bifurcating system subject to multiplicative noise can exhibit on-off intermittency close to the instability threshold. For a canonical system, we discuss the dependence of this intermittency on the Power Spectrum Density (PSD) of the noise. Our study is based on the calculation of the Probability Density Function (PDF) of the unstable variable. We derive analytical results for some particular types of noises and interpret them in the framework of on-off intermittency. Besides, we perform a cumulant expansion for a random noise with arbitrary power spectrum density and show that the intermittent regime is controlled by the ratio between the departure from the threshold and the value of the PSD of the noise at zero frequency. Our results are in agreement with numerical simulations performed with two types of random perturbations: colored Gaussian noise and deterministic fluctuations of a chaotic variable. Extensions of this study to another, more complex, system are presented and the underlying mechanisms are discussed.
description: 13pages, 13 figures
NVCache: A Plug-and-Play NVMM-based I/O Booster for Legacy Systems
Creators: name: Dulong, Rémi
name: Pires, Rafael
name: Correia, Andreia
name: Schiavoni, Valerio
name: Ramalhete, Pedro
name: Felber, Pascal
name: Thomas, Gaël
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Operating Systems (cs.OS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.4.2; D.4.3; D.4.8
subject: 68M20

description: This paper introduces NVCache, an approach that uses a non-volatile main memory (NVMM) as a write cache to improve the write performance of legacy applications. We compare NVCache against file systems tailored for NVMM (Ext4-DAX and NOVA) and with I/O-heavy applications (SQLite, RocksDB). Our evaluation shows that NVCache reaches the performance level of the existing state-of-the-art systems for NVMM, but without their limitations: NVCache does not limit the size of the stored data to the size of the NVMM, and works transparently with unmodified legacy applications, providing additional persistence guarantees even when their source code is not available.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, to be published in the 51th IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (DSN 21)
A bending theory of thermoelastic diffusion plates based on Green-Naghdi theory
Creators: name: Aouadi, Moncef
name: Passarella, Francesca
name: Tibullo, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article is concerned with bending plate theory for thermoelastic diffusion materials under Green-Naghdi theory. First, we present the basic equations which characterize the bending of thin thermoelastic diffusion plates for type II and III models. The theory allows for the effect of transverse shear deformation without any shear correction factor, and permits the propagation of waves at a finite speed without energy dissipation for type II model and with energy dissipation for type III model. By the semigroup theory of linear operators, we prove the well-posedness of the both models and the asymptotic behavior of the solutions of type III model. For unbounded plate of type III model, we prove that a measure associated with the thermodynamic process decays faster than an exponential of a polynomial of second degree. Finally, we investigate the impossibility of the localization in time of solutions. The main idea to prove this result is to show the uniqueness of solutions for the backward in-time problem.
Variations in the lithium abundances of turn off stars in the globular cluster 47 Tuc
Creators: name: Bonifacio, Piercarlo
name: Pasquini, Luca
name: Molaro, Paolo
name: Carretta, Eugenio
name: François, Patrick
name: Gratton, Raffaele G.
name: James, Gael
name: Sbordone, Luca
name: Spite, François
name: Zoccali, Manuela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: aims: Our aim is to determine Li abundances in TO stars of the Globular Cluster 47 Tuc and test theories about Li variations among TO stars. method: We make use of high resolution (R~ 43000), high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N=50--70) spectra of 4 turn off (TO) stars obtained with the UVES spectrograph at the 8.2m VLT Kueyen telescope. results: The four stars observed, span the range 1.6
description: recommended for publication in A&A by the managing associate Editor
Economic Development, Novelty Consumption, and Body Weight: Evidence from the East German Transition to Capitalism
Creators: name: Dragone, Davide
name: Ziebarth, Nicolas R.
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: SECS-P/02 Politica economica

description: This paper develops a conceptual framework that can explain why economic development goes along with increases in body weight and obesity rates. We first introduce the concept of novelty consumption, which refers to an increase in food availability due to trade or innovation. Then we study how novel food products alter the optimal consumption bundle and welfare, and possibly lead to changes in body weight. We test our model employing the German reunification as a fast motion natural experiment of economic development. Our data elicit detailed information on East Germans’ food consumption, body mass, and diet-related health. After the fall of the Wall, East Germans permanently changed their diet by consuming novel western food products. A significant population share permanently gained weight. This is consistent with our theoretical framework where past affects current consumption, and where novel goods determine consumption changes over time with ambiguous effects on dietrelated health.
Is the Standard Model in the Swampland? Consistency Requirements from Gravitational Scattering
Creators: name: Aoki, Katsuki
name: Loc, Tran Quang
name: Noumi, Toshifumi
name: Tokuda, Junsei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study compatibility of the Standard Model of particle physics and General Relativity by means of gravitational positivity bounds, which provide a necessary condition for a low-energy gravitational theory to be UV completable within the weakly coupled regime of gravity. In particular, we identify the cutoff scale of the Standard Model coupled to gravity by studying consistency of light-by-light scattering. While the precise value depends on details of the Pomeron effects in QCD, the cutoff scale reads $10^{16}$GeV if the single-Pomeron exchange picture works well up to this scale. We also demonstrate that the cutoff scale is lowered to $10^{13}$GeV if we consider the electroweak theory without the QCD sector.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, updated to match the version to appear in PRL
Towards Supporting Users in Assessing the Risk in Privilege Elevation
Creators: name: Motiee, Sara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Usable Security, Principle of Least Privilege, Risk Assessment, Security Warning

description: To better protect users from security incidents, the principle of least privilege (PLP) requires that users and programs be granted the most restrictive set of privileges possible to perform the required tasks. The low-privileged user accounts (LUA) and privilege elevation prompts are two practical implementations of PLP in the main-stream operating systems. However, there is anecdotal evidence suggesting that users do not employ these implementations correctly. Our research goal was to understand users' challenges and behavior in using these mechanisms and improve them so that average users of personal computers can follow the PLP correctly. For this purpose, we conducted a user study and contextual interviews to investigate the understanding, behavior, and challenges users face when working with user accounts and the privilege elevation prompts (called User Account Control (UAC) prompts) in Windows Vista and 7. We found that 69% of participants did not use and respond correctly to UAC prompts. Also, all our 45 participants used an admin user account, and 91% were not aware of the benefits of low-privileged user accounts or the risks of high-privileged ones. Their knowledge and experience were limited to the restricted rights of low-privileged accounts. Based on our findings, we offered recommendations to improve the UAC and LUA approaches. Since our study showed that users can benefit from UAC prompts, we investigated the information content for such prompts so that users can assess the risk of privilege elevation more accurately and consequently respond to the prompts correctly. We considered thirteen different information items for including on these prompts mostly based on the results of our first study. Our user study with 48 participants showed that program name, origin, description, digital certification, changes the program applies and the result of program scan by anti-virus are the most understandable, useful and preferred items for users. To avoid habituation, decrease cognitive load on users and improve users' response to the prompts, we recommend to employ a context-based UAC prompt which presents a subset of information items to users based on the context. A set of guidelines is provided for selecting the appropriate items in different contexts.
Effects of interactivity and presentation on review-based explanations for recommendations
Creators: name: Hernandez-Bocanegra, Diana C.
name: Ziegler, Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: User reviews have become an important source for recommending and explaining products or services. Particularly, providing explanations based on user reviews may improve users' perception of a recommender system (RS). However, little is known about how review-based explanations can be effectively and efficiently presented to users of RS. We investigate the potential of interactive explanations in review-based RS in the domain of hotels, and propose an explanation scheme inspired by dialog models and formal argument structures. Additionally, we also address the combined effect of interactivity and different presentation styles (i.e. using only text, a bar chart or a table), as well as the influence that different user characteristics might have on users' perception of the system and its explanations. To such effect, we implemented a review-based RS using a matrix factorization explanatory method, and conducted a user study. Our results show that providing more interactive explanations in review-based RS has a significant positive influence on the perception of explanation quality, effectiveness and trust in the system by users, and that user characteristics such as rational decision-making style and social awareness also have a significant influence on this perception.
Breaching the limit: formation of GW190521-like and IMBH mergers in young massive clusters
Creators: name: Sedda, Manuel Arca
name: Rizzuto, Francesco Paolo
name: Naab, Thorsten
name: Ostriker, Jeremiah
name: Giersz, Mirek
name: Spurzem, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LIGO-Virgo-Kagra collaboration (LVC) discovered recently GW190521, a gravitational wave (GW) source associated with the merger between two black holes (BHs) with mass $66$ M$_\odot$ and $>85$ M$_\odot$. GW190521 represents the first BH binary (BBH) merger with a primary mass falling in the "upper mass-gap" and the first leaving behind a $\sim 150$ M$_\odot$ remnant. So far, the LVC reported the discovery of four further mergers having a total mass $>100$ M$_\odot$, i.e. in the intermediate-mass black holes (IMBH) mass range. Here, we discuss results from a series of 80 $N$-body simulations of young massive clusters (YMCs) that implement relativistic corrections to follow compact object mergers. We discover the development of a GW190521-like system as the result of a 3rd-generation merger, and four IMBH-BH mergers with total mass $~(300-350)$ M$_\odot$. We show that these IMBH-BH mergers are low-frequency GW sources detectable with LISA and DECIGO out to redshift $z=0.01-0.1$ and $z>100$, and we discuss how their detection could help unravelling IMBH natal spins. For the GW190521 test case, we show that the 3rd-generation merger remnant has a spin and effective spin parameter that matches the $90\%$ credible interval measured for GW190521 better than a simpler double merger and comparably to a single merger. Due to GW recoil kicks, we show that retaining the products of these mergers require birth-sites with escape velocities $\gtrsim 50-100$ km s$^{-1}$, values typically attained in galactic nuclei and massive clusters with steep density profiles.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables, 2 Appendix. ApJ accepted
Thermal imaginary part of a real-time static potential from classical lattice gauge theory simulations
Creators: name: Laine, M.
name: Philipsen, O.
name: Tassler, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a finite-temperature real-time static potential has been introduced via a Schrödinger-type equation satisfied by a certain heavy quarkonium Green's function. Furthermore, it has been pointed out that it possesses an imaginary part, which induces a finite width for the tip of the quarkonium peak in the thermal dilepton production rate. The imaginary part originates from Landau-damping of low-frequency gauge fields, which are essentially classical due to their high occupation number. Here we show how the imaginary part can be measured with classical lattice gauge theory simulations, accounting non-perturbatively for the infrared sector of finite-temperature field theory. We demonstrate that a non-vanishing imaginary part indeed exists non-perturbatively; and that its value agrees semi-quantitatively with that predicted by Hard Loop resummed perturbation theory.
description: 18 pages. v2: clarifications and a reference added; published version
Δράση και εσωτερικότητα: έρευνα με αφετηρία τη σκέψη των Nietzsche, Heidegger και Corbin
Creators: name: Καμπουρίδης, Θεόδωρος Δ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Τεχνολογία
Μηδενισμός
Δράση
Εσωτερικότητα
Τechnology
Nihilism
Action
Internality

description: Σκοπός της διατριβής υπήρξε η αποσαφήνιση της σχέσης μεταξύ δράσης και εσωτερικότητας χρησιμοποιώντας εναρκτήριο εννοιολογικό υλικό από τους Nietzsche, Heidegger και Corbin. H σχέση διαφωτίστηκε μέσα από τη σύνδεση των δύο με την αντικειμενική τεχνική δράση, η οποία επιδρά στο υποκείμενο από την αρχέγονη μορφή της προϊστορικής τεχνικής, μέχρι και τη σύγχρονη εικονική τεχνολογία και την εξέλιξή της στην προσωποποιημένη και εν-διάμεση τεχνολογία. Τη μακροσκοπική προϊστορική ανάλυση την ονομάσαμε τεχνοντολογία, μέσω της οποίας αναδεικνύεται ο ισαρχέγονος ρόλος της τεχνικής ως παράλληλος και θεμελιακός της ανθρώπινης σκέψης. Τη μικροκοσμική μελέτη των καθημερινών εικονικών τεχνολογιών και την ψηφιακή μετάβαση σε μία νέου τύπου τεχνολογία, την εξετάσαμε παράλληλα με τα φαινόμενα του μηδενισμού και της αυθυπέρβασης, τη λειτουργική ενεργοποίηση του προσώπου, καθώς και την ανθρωποκεντρική προσέγγιση της φιλοσοφίας απέναντι στην τεχνολογία.
description: The aim of the thesis was the elucidation of the relation between action and internality using its basic conceptual framework from the philosophy of Nietzsche, Heidegger and Corbin. This relation has been informed through the connection of our two central concepts to objective technical activity that influences the subject from the primordial form of a pre-historic technique, up until postmodern virtual technology and its evolution to personalized and intermediational technology. The macroscopic pre-historic analysis has been characterized as technontology through which the equiprimordial character of technique emerges as parallel and fundamental to human thinking. The microcosmic study of daily life virtual technologies along with the digital transition to a new type of technology has been examined alongside the phenomena of nihilism and self-transcendence, the operational actuation of the personal, as well as the anthropocentric approach of philosophy towards technology.
Arcsine Law and Multistable Brownian Dynamics in a Tilted Periodic Potential
Creators: name: Spiechowicz, J.
name: Łuczka, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multistability is one of the most important phenomena in dynamical systems, e.g. bistability enables the implementation of logic gates and therefore computation. Recently multistability has attracted a greatly renewed interest related to memristors and graphene structures, to name only a few. We investigate tristability in velocity dynamics of a Brownian particle subjected to a tilted periodic potential. It is demonstrated that the origin of this effect is attributed to the arcsine law for the velocity dynamics at the zero temperature limit. We analyze the impact of thermal fluctuations and construct the phase diagram for the stability of the velocity dynamics. It suggests an efficient strategy to control the multistability by changing solely the force acting on the particle or temperature of the system. Our findings for the paradigmatic model of nonequilibrium statistical physics apply to, inter alia, Brownian motors, Josephson junctions, cold atoms dwelling in optical lattices and colloidal systems.
description: in press in Phys. Rev. E
Comprehensive quasi-Einstein spacetime with application to general relativity
Creators: name: Gupta, Punam
name: Singh, Sanjay Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25, 53C35, 53C50 53B30

description: The aim of this paper is to extend the notion of all known quasi-Einstein manifolds like generalized quasi-Einstein, mixed generalized quasi-Einstein manifold, pseudo generalized quasi-Einstein manifold and many more and name it comprehensive quasi Einstein manifold C(QE)$_{n}$. We investigate some geometric and physical properties of the comprehensive quasi Einstein manifolds C(QE)$_{n}$ under certain conditions. We study the conformal and conharmonic mappings between C(QE)$_{n}$ manifolds. Then we examine the C(QE)$_{n}$ with harmonic Weyl tensor. We investigate geometric and physical properties of the comprehensive quasi Einstein manifolds C(QE)$_{n}$ under certain conditions. We define the manifold of comprehensive quasi-constant curvature and proved that conformally flat C(QE)$_{n}$ is manifold of comprehensive quasi-constant curvature and vice versa. We study the general two viscous fluid spacetime C(QE)$_{4}$ and find out some important consequences about C(QE)$_{4}$. We study C(QE)$_{n}$ with vanishing space matter tensor. Finally, we prove the existence of such manifolds by constructing non-trivial example.
title: Несколько наблюдений a стратегиями самонаписания в романе Булата Окуджавы Упраздненный театр
Creators: name: Sazontchik, Olga
Publisher: name: AvtobiografiЯ
Year: 2020

description: Bulat Okudzhavaʼs novel Uprazdnennyi Teatr is often regarded as a source of autobiographical information about the life of the poet.  The article attempts to investigate the strategies mainly utilized by the author, which relate to the narrative features of the text. As shown, the main narrative techniques that determine both the reciprocal approach of the reader and the narrator and creating the distance between them are as follows: the polyperspectivity of the narrative; its „swirl“ character, its polytemporality and multifunctional use of verbs of the present tense; the questioning of language as the instrument of expression and the sophisticated system of intertextual linkages. In general, these narrative characteristics of the text suggest that Okudzhavaʼs novel is not any more documentary and historical than his lyrical works, and should be regarded as one of their artistic rank.
Additional file 1 of Stenting of the pancreatic duct in the early phase of acute pancreatitis: a retrospective study
Creators: name: Yao, Weijie
name: Wang, Genwang
name: Wang, Qi
name: Wang, Feng
name: Wang, Zuoquan
name: Wang, Zuozheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Variable assignment for multivariate analysis.
A Luttinger Liquid Coupled to a Quantum Spin Bath: Flow Equation Approach to the Kondo Necklace Model
Creators: name: Essler, F. H. L.
name: Kuzmenko, T.
name: Zaliznyak, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a lattice realization of a Luttinger liquid interacting with a bath of quantum spins in terms of an antiferromagnetic S=1/2 Heisenberg chain, where each spin is also coupled to a σ=1/2 Kondo spin degree of freedom. This model describes the low-energy spin dynamics in quasi one dimensional materials, where the electronic spins of the magnetic ions interact with those of impurities, nuclei and possibly other spin species present in their environment. For large ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic Kondo interaction J' there are two phases corresponding to an effective spin-1 Heisenberg chain and a dimerised spin-1/2 ladder, respectively. For weak Kondo interaction we establish that the Kondo interaction drives the system to a strong coupling regime. This suggests that J'=0 is the only critical point in the system.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, added figures
Uncertainty over time and its relationship to life satisfaction for biological valve patients
Creators: name: Ford, Jo-Ann Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This descriptive correlational study was designed to determine the perceived level of uncertainty of individuals who have had a biological cardiac valve implanted. The study investigated the relationship between uncertainty and factors that might influence this uncertainty such as time since implant, age at initial implant, and the relationships between uncertainty and quality of life indicators, such as patients' perceptions of their life satisfaction. The Lazarus and Folkman (1984) cognitive theory of psychological stress and coping guided this study. A convenience sample of 121 subjects who had their first biological valve implanted at least 12 months prior completed the Uncertainty Stress Scale (USS), the Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale Community Version (MUISCV), the Cantril Self-Anchoring Scale, and a patient information sheet. The subjects were mailed the questionnaires. Overall, the biological valve patients perceived moderately low levels of uncertainty. The nature of the uncertainty experienced appears to be primarily generated by the patient not being able to foretell the future and by unpredictability in their situation. There was a significant difference in uncertainty depending on the time since implant for subjects grouped according to year of implant. Subjects whose valves were implanted between 1976 and 1978, who had their valves implanted for approximately 11 to 13 years, experienced the lowest level of uncertainty. The highest level of uncertainty was experienced by subjects implanted between 1979 and 1981. Subjects implanted between 1982 and 1984 experienced the second highest level of uncertainty and the second lowest level of uncertainty was experienced by subjects implanted between 1985 and 1987. A significant relationship was not found between uncertainty and the age of a patient at implant. Quality of life indicators of biological valve patients may be adversely influenced by uncertainty. Higher levels of uncertainty are appraised as stressful or threatening and contribute to a poorer past, present, and future life satisfaction and health status. A significant positive relationship was demonstrated between uncertainty and stress. The higher the level of uncertainty, the higher the subjects' overall perceptions of stress. The findings of this study were discussed in relation to other research studies, the theoretical framework, and methodological problems inherent to the study. Implications for nursing practice, theory, and education, and recommendations for future research were identified.
Using globular clusters to test gravity in the weak acceleration regime
Creators: name: Scarpa, Riccardo
name: Marconi, Gianni
name: Gilmozzi, Roberto
name: Carraro, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the results from an ongoing program aimed at testing Newton's law of gravity in the low acceleration regime using globular clusters. It is shown that all clusters studied so far do behave like galaxies, that is, their velocity dispersion profile flattens out at large radii where the acceleration of gravity goes below 1e-8 cm/s/s, instead of following the expected Keplerian fall off. In galaxies this behavior is ascribed to the existence of a dark matter halo. Globular clusters, however, do not contain dark matter, hence this result might indicate that our present understanding of gravity in the weak regime of accelerations is incomplete and somehow incorrect.
description: As published on the European Southern Observatory "the Messenger", Num. 128, June 2007. Seven pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Understanding one-body losses in magnetically trapped metastable europium atoms
Creators: name: Matsui, Hiroki
name: Miyazawa, Yuki
name: Inoue, Ryotaro
name: Kozuma, Mikio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the measurement of one-body loss rates for magnetically trapped metastable europium atoms and the study of their loss mechanism. The loss of atoms observed in a magneto-optical trap is not fully understood because of the indivisibility of the loss regarding optical pumpings due to the presence of cooling laser beams. We magnetically trapped the atoms by directly loading from the magneto-optical trap and observed almost identical one-body loss rates of approximately $2.6\,\mathrm{s^{-1}}$ for two isotopes: $\mathrm{{}^{151}Eu}$ and $\mathrm{{}^{153}Eu}$. Our rate-equation-based model, combined with loss rate measurements carried out with repumpers, shows that blackbody radiation at room temperature drives E1 transitions and induces the observed losses.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
A graphene edge-mediated quantum gate
Creators: name: Weinberg, Phillip
name: Feiguin, Adrian E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a quantum gate architecture that allows for the systematic control of the effective exchange interactions between magnetic impurities embedded in nano-scale graphene flakes connected by a gated bridge. The entanglement between the magnetic moment and the edge states of the fragments is used to electrostatically tune the exchange interaction from ferro to antiferromagnetic by merely changing the bridge's carrier density. By characterizing the effects of size and coupling parameters, we explore different operation regimes of this device by means of exact calculations with the density matrix renormalization group (DMRG). We analyze the results utilizing a simplified model that accounts for the main many-body mechanisms. Finally, we discuss how to use arrays of these devices to build quantum simulators for quantum many-body Hamiltonians.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, supplemental material attached
Ο Επτανησιακός συνταγματισμός στα χρόνια της Αγγλοκρατίας:
Creators: name: Μιχαλοπούλου, Ζωή Κ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Επτάνησος Πολιτεία
Ηνωμένο Κράτος Ιονίων Νήσων
Συνταγματικό Δίκαιο
Βρετανικό προτεκτοράτο
Septinsular Republic
United States of the Ionian Islands
Constitutional Law
British protectorate

description: Βασικό πεδίο έρευνας της διδακτορικής διατριβής αποτελεί ο επτανησιακός συνταγματισμός που αναπτύχθηκε στα Επτάνησα κατά την περίοδο της Αγγλοκρατίας, που διήρκεσε ουσιαστικά από το έτος 1815 έως και την Ένωση με την Ελλάδα το 1864. Επειδή όμως βασικά χαρακτηριστικά γνωρίσματα της επτανησιακής συνταγματικής ιστορίας είχαν διαμορφωθεί και παγιωθεί σε προγενέστερες ιστορικές περιόδους, η διατριβή ανατρέχει στα γεγονότα, αλλά και τις διεργασίες που προηγήθηκαν της έλευσης των Βρετανών στην Επτάνησο, με αφετηρία την κατάλυση της Βενετικής Δημοκρατίας από τους Δημοκρατικούς Γάλλους. Για το λόγο αυτό, λοιπόν, η διατριβή απέκτησε την συγκεκριμένη δομή, που αποτελείται από Ιστορικά Προλεγόμενα και δύο διακριτά μέρη. Εξάλλου, η έρευνα ολοκληρώνεται με την αποστολή του Gladstone στα Επτάνησα το έτος 1859, αφού η εν λόγω αποστολή αποτελεί και το τελευταίο στάδιο της επτανησιακής συνταγματικής ιστορίας, υπό την έννοια ότι τα γεγονότα που ακολούθησαν και αναφέρονται πλέον στις διεργασίες της Ένωσης, αποτελούν αντικείμενο άλλου επιστημονικού πεδίου.
description: The main focus of the research is the constitutionalism of the Ionian Islands during the British rule, which lasted from 1815 until the Union with Greece in 1864. However, the basic characteristics of the Ionian constitutional history where developed and solidified during previous periods and for that reason it was deemed necessary to address the events and the processes, that proceeded the British rule, starting with the collapse of the Venetian Republic by the French Republic army. Moreover the research concludes with Gladstone’s mission at the Ionian Islands in 1859, because his mission was the last phase of the Ionian constitutionalism, since the events that followed and relate to the proceedings that led to the Union, are the object of a different academic field. Thus, the doctorate has a specific structure, i.e. historic introduction and two separate parts.
Parallel computing for the finite element method
Creators: name: Vollaire, Christian
name: Nicolas, Laurent
name: Nicolas, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A finite element method is presented to compute time harmonic microwave fields in three dimensional configurations. Nodal-based finite elements have been coupled with an absorbing boundary condition to solve open boundary problems. This paper describes how the modeling of large devices has been made possible using parallel computation, New algorithms are then proposed to implement this formulation on a cluster of workstations (10 DEC ALPHA 300X) and on a CRAY C98. Analysis of the computation efficiency is performed using simple problems. The electromagnetic scattering of a plane wave by a perfect electric conducting airplane is finally given as example.
Institutionalization of a spouse with Alzheimer's disease : a phenomenological study of the experience of the elderly wife caregiver
Creators: name: Whytock, Sandra Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study describes the experience of the elderly wife caregiver during the initial period of institutionalization of her husband with Alzheimer's disease. Phenomenology was the research method used because of its unique focus on revealing an experience from the perspective of the participant. Because problems in health care arise from the differing perspectives of professionals and lay persons, discovery of the caregiver's perspective was considered to be essential in order for professionals to provide care which is sensitive to caregiver needs. Data were collected through 16 interactive interviews with 8 wives who were between 64 and 78 years old, and whose husbands with Alzheimer's disease had been living in an institution for between 4 and 13 months. Reflective analysis proceeded concurrently with interviews and continued following interview completion. The insights achieved were synthesized and integrated into a consistent description of the experience. Throughout the accounts of the experience, uncertainty was the pervasive and unifying theme. The uncertainty which the wives experienced was described as having its source in two forms of separation. These two forms of separation, separation of husband from home, and separation of husband and wife, had parallel structures which included expressions of uncertainty, factors influencing uncertainty and management in the state of uncertainty. Uncertainty was the way in which wives experienced both continuing responsibility for their husbands' well-being and lives as married widows. The summary description of the total experience for the wives was that it was worse than death. The findings confirm that the wives' burden is not relieved by institutionalization of their husbands. Thus they also confirm the continuing need for caregiver care. The findings also demonstrate that failure of professionals and others to understand the experience from the wives' perspective contributes to caregiver burden following institutionalization of husbands with Alzheimer's disease.
title: Design and Innovation in the British Empire
Creators: name: Wodehouse, Andrew
name: Tindley, Annie
Publisher: name: University of Strathclyde
Year: 2014
Subjects: design
innovation
British Empire
history of technology

description: This AHRC funder project (Design and Innovation in the British Empire) considers the role of design in the innovation ecosystem and provides evidence of the impact of design in its historical domestic and imperial context.  We used digital photographs, transcripts and listings to create records of the historical archives.  These are recorded as .jpg, .pdf and .docx files and organised by case study.
Magnetic Interference Patterns and Vortices in Diffusive SNS junctions
Creators: name: Cuevas, J. C.
name: Bergeret, F. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the electronic and transport properties of a diffusive superconductor-normal metal-superconductor (SNS) junction in the presence of a perpendicular magnetic field. We show that the field dependence of the critical current crosses over from the well-known Fraunhofer pattern in wide junctions to a monotonous decay when the width of the normal wire is smaller than the magnetic length ξ_H = \sqrt{Φ_0/H}, where H is the magnetic field and Φ_0 the flux quantum. We demonstrate that this behavior is a direct consequence of the magnetic vortex structure appearing in the normal region and predict how such structure is manifested in the local density of states.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Subsubleading soft graviton symmetry and MHV graviton scattering amplitudes
Creators: name: Banerjee, Shamik
name: Ghosh, Sudip
name: Samal, Sai Satyam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In arXiv:2008.04330 it was shown that supertranslation and $\overline{SL(2,\mathbb C)}$ current algebra symmetries, corresponding to leading and subleading soft graviton theorems, are enough to determine the tree level MHV graviton scattering amplitudes. In this note we clarify the role of subsubleading soft graviton theorem in this context.
description: 15 pages, Latex, Version Published in JHEP
title: ‘Онегинские’ черты в Поэме без предмета Валерия Перелешина
Creators: name: Wittkowsky, Vadim
Publisher: name: AvtobiografiЯ
Year: 2020

description: In his autobiographical "Poem without a Subject" (1972–1976) the Russian poet Valerii Pereleshin (1913–1992) living in Brazil moves on the tracks of the most famous work of Russian poetry, "Eugene Onegin" by Alexander Pushkin. Pereleshin spent most of his life in China, and his long poem (8.400 verses; one of the longest ever written in Russian) is some kind of "encyclopedia of Russian life in China" as also (after V. Belinsky) "Onegin" was an "encyclopedia of Russian life" one hundred years before. There are several characteristic poetic means in which Pereleshin is following Pushkin: long digressions, discussions of rhymes and neologisms, macaronic rhymes as well as prosaic footnotes.
Outward Migration of Super-Jupiters
Creators: name: Dempsey, Adam M.
name: Muñoz, Diego J.
name: Lithwick, Yoram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent simulations show that giant planets of about one Jupiter mass migrate inward at a rate that differs from the Type II prediction. Here we show that at higher masses, planets migrate outward. Our result differs from previous ones because of our longer simulation times, lower viscosity, and our boundary conditions that allow the disk to reach viscous steady state. We show that, for planets on circular orbits, the transition from inward to outward migration coincides with the known transition from circular to eccentric disks that occurs for planets more massive than a few Jupiters. In an eccentric disk, the torque on the outer disk weakens due to two effects: the planet launches weaker waves, and those waves travel further before damping. As a result, the torque on the inner disk dominates, and the planet pushes itself outward. Our results suggest that the many super-Jupiters observed by direct-imaging at large distances from the star may have gotten there by outward migration.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures. ApJL accepted
On Predicting the Solar Cycle using Mean-Field Models
Creators: name: Bushby, Paul J.
name: Tobias, Steven M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the difficulties of predicting the solar cycle using mean-field models. Here we argue that these difficulties arise owing to the significant modulation of the solar activity cycle, and that this modulation arises owing to either stochastic or deterministic processes. We analyse the implications for predictability in both of these situations by considering two separate solar dynamo models. The first model represents a stochastically-perturbed flux transport dynamo. Here even very weak stochastic perturbations can give rise to significant modulation in the activity cycle. This modulation leads to a loss of predictability. In the second model, we neglect stochastic effects and assume that generation of magnetic field in the Sun can be described by a fully deterministic nonlinear mean-field model -- this is a best case scenario for prediction. We designate the output from this deterministic model (with parameters chosen to produce chaotically modulated cycles) as a target timeseries that subsequent deterministic mean-field models are required to predict. Long-term prediction is impossible even if a model that is correct in all details is utilised in the prediction. Furthermore, we show that even short-term prediction is impossible if there is a small discrepancy in the input parameters from the fiducial model. This is the case even if the predicting model has been tuned to reproduce the output of previous cycles. Given the inherent uncertainties in determining the transport coefficients and nonlinear responses for mean-field models, we argue that this makes predicting the solar cycle using the output from such models impossible.
description: 22 Pages, 5 Figures, Preprint accepted for publication in ApJ
Influencing User Password Choice Through Peer Pressure
Creators: name: Sotirakopoulos, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011

description: Passwords are the main means of authenticating users in most systems today. How- ever, they have been identified as a weak link to the overall security of many sys- tems and much research has been done in order to enhance their security and usabil- ity. Although, many schemes have been proposed, users still find it challenging to keep up with password best practices. Our current work is based on recent research indicating that social navigation can be used to guide users to safer, more secure practices regarding computer security and privacy. Our goal is the evaluation of a novel concept for a proactive password checking mechanism that analyzes and presents to users, information about their peer's password strength. Our proposed proactive password feedback mechanism is an effort to guide users in creating bet- ter passwords by relating their password strength to that of other system users. We hypothesized that this would enable users to have a better understanding of their password's strength in regards to the system at hand and its users' expectations in terms of account security. We evaluated our mechanism with two between- subjects laboratory studies, embedding our proactive password checking scheme in the Campus Wide Login (CWL) mechanism for changing an account's pass- word. In our study, we compared the password entropy of participants assigned to our proposed mechanism to this of participants assigned to the current CWL imple- mentation (no feedback) as well as to the traditional horizontal bar, employed by many web sites, which provides feedback in the form of absolute password strength characterization. Our results revealed significant effect on improving password strength between our motivator and the control condition as well as between the group using the existing motivator and the control group. Although, we found a difference between the no feedback condition and the two feedback conditions, we did not find any difference between feedback conditions (i.e., relative vs. absolute strength assessment). However, our results show that relating password strength to that of one's peers, while maintaining the standard visual cues, may yield certain advantages over lack of feedback or current practices.
The Socialbot Network: Are Social Botnets Possible?
Creators: name: Boshmaf, Yazan
name: Muslukhov, Ildar
name: Beznosov, Konstantin
name: Ripeanu, Matei
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Online Social Networks
Social Network Security
Large-scale Infiltration
Socialbots
Botnets

description: In this invited piece at the ACM Interactions Magazine, we briefly describe our research into the use, impact, and implications of socialbots on Facebook.
La rilevanza della dimensione spazio-temporale nella conservazione documentale bio-bibliografica per una filologia italiana post-accademica
Creators: name: Tonfoni, Graziella
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: L-FIL-LET/13 Filologia della letteratura italiana

description: Una ricercatrice interdisciplinare, che ha portato a compimento una fase ulteriore, particolarmente delicata della sua attività scientifica accademica, riproduce, letteralmente, alcuni file, corredandoli di propri commenti in corsivo, predisponendoli in occasione della Giornata Mondiale del Libro, proclamata dall'Unesco (23 aprile, Giornata Mondiale del Libro e del Diritto di Autore). L'autrice intende preservare per gli studiosi, alcune informazioni bio-bibliografiche, per fornire un quadro complessivo dell’attività didattica, accademica, scientifica, divulgativa, svolta per la comunità accademica italiana. Sottolinea la necessità di conservare il modello di presentazione del profilo di Ricercatrice Universitaria, nella forma appositamente prevista e predisposta dalla modulistica attuale, destinata alla consultazione pubblica, online. Si tratta di alcune sezioni descrittive, selezione di dati e contenuti dalla pagina appositamente dedicata ad ogni Docente nel sito di Unibo, che si completa con una sintesi estratta dal sito Miur. Il bilancio complessivo indica l’importanza di distinguere fasi, periodi, date e luoghi di attuazione, in ogni percorso scientifico e didattico.
Transition on the entropic elasticity of DNA induced by intercalating molecules
Creators: name: Rocha, M. S.
name: Ferreira, M. C.
name: Mesquita, O. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use optical tweezers to perform stretching experiments on DNA molecules when interacting with the drugs daunomycin and ethidium bromide, which intercalate the DNA molecule. These experiments are performed in the low-force regime from zero up to 2 pN. Our results show that the persistence length of the DNA-drug complexes increases strongly as the drug concentration increases up to some critical value. Above this critical value, the persistence length decreases abruptly and remains practically constant for larger drug concentrations. The contour length of the molecules increases monotonically and saturates as drugs concentration increases. Measured in- tercalants critical concentrations for the persistence length transition coincide with reported values for the helix-coil transition of DNA-drug complexes, obtained from sedimentation experiments.
description: This experimental article shows and discuss a transition observed in the persistence length of DNA molecules when studied as a function of some intercalating drug concentrations, like daunomycin and ethidium bromide. It has 15 pages and 4 figures. The article presented here is in preprint format