Grandilithus bialatus Liu & Xu & Yin 2023, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Liu, Keke
name: Xu, Xiang
name: Yin, Haiqiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Phrurolithidae
Grandilithus
Grandilithus bialatus

description: Grandilithus bialatus sp. nov.
(Figs 1, 2, 21)
Type material. Holotype: ♀: China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning City, Shanglin County, Damingshan Natural Reserve, Jilong Station, 23°25'29.45"N, 108°27'16.63"E, 602 m, 5.11.2018.
Etymology. The specific epithet is a Latin word meaning “ bialatus ”, referring to the shape of the duct system resembling two-winged; adjective.
Diagnosis. The female of this new species differs from other species of Grandilithus by the connecting tubes (CT) with a spiral (vs. lacking spiral) and the relatively thin and parallel copulatory ducts (CD) (Fig 1C, D) (vs. wide and sloping or C-shaped) (cf. Figs 1C, D and Liu et al. 2022: figs 40c, d, 43c, d, 44c, d, 47c, d, 50c, d, 59c, d, 62c, d, 63c, d, 64c, d, 67c, d).
Description. Female holotype. Habitus as in Figs 1A, B. Total length 2.68, carapace 1.26 long, 1.13 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.06, ALE 0.07, PME 0.07, PLE 0.07; AME−AME 0.05, ALE−AME 0.02, PME−PME 0.10, ALE−ALE 0.22, PLE−PME 0.04, PLE−PLE 0.30, ALE−PLE 0.08, AME−PME 0.08, AME−PLE 0.16. MOA 0.22 long, anterior width 0.17, posterior width 0.22. Chelicera with 3 promarginal (proximal one largest, distal one smallest) and 2 retromarginal teeth (distal one larger). Leg measurements: I 5.12 (1.32, 0.45, 1.65, 1.23, 0.47); II 4.04 (1.06, 0.40, 1.17, 0.91, 0.50); III 3.09 (0.85, 0.31, 0.77, 0.72, 0.44); IV 4.92 (1.35, 0.43, 1.18, 1.36, 0.60). Legs spination: femora I d1, pv1111, II d1, pv11, III d1, IV d1; Tibiae I v2222222, II v222222; Metatarsi I v2222, II pv2222. Abdomen (Figs 1A, B) 1.32 long, 0.90 wide.
Colouration (Figs 1A, B). Carapace yellow, with radial, irregular yellowish mottled markings on surface and broad yellowish middle band, lateral margins with dark grey fringes. Chelicerae yellow. Endites and labium yellowish. Sternum beige. Legs yellow, without annulations. Abdomen dark brown, with narrow grey strips in anterior half, four faint chevrons in posterior part, and oval yellowish stripes in front of anal tubercle; venter pale grey, with a sub-quadrangle, brown pattern in front of anterior spinnerets.
Epigyne (Figs 1C, D, 2). Epigynal plate longer than wide, medially with broad septum. Copulatory ducts, connecting tubes, and spermathecae distinctly visible through integument. Copulatory openings (CO) slit-like, located middle-laterally, covered by sclerotized plug. Anterior part of copulatory ducts (CD) trumpet-shaped in ventral view, with a slight turn in dorsal view, shorter than wings-like plug. Transparent bursae (B) located medially, large, covering more than 2/3 of whole plate. Glandular appendage (GA) thin, directed laterally. Connecting tubes (CT) with a helix-shaped spiral, posterior part extending laterally. Spermathecae (SP) peanut-shaped, posteriorly slightly converging in ventral view, separated by median septum. Fertilization ducts (FD) short, arising from subapical part of spermathecae, directed anterolaterally.
Male. Unknown.
Distribution. Known only from the type locality in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China (Fig. 21).
description: Published as part of Liu, Keke, Xu, Xiang & Yin, Haiqiang, 2023, A survey of the Phrurolithidae (Arachnida: Araneae) of Damingshan National Natural Reserve, south China, pp. 511-536 in Zootaxa 5278 (3) on pages 512-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5278.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/7906649