cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
What are the experimentally observable effects of vertex corrections in superconductors?
Creators: name: Miller, P.
name: Freericks, J. K.
name: Nicol, E. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the effects of vertex corrections, of non-constant density of states and of a (self-consistently determined) phonon self-energy for the Holstein model on a 3D cubic lattice. We replace vertex corrections with a Coulomb pseudopotential, mu*, adjusted to give the same Tc, and repeat the calculations, to see which effects are a distinct feature of vertex corrections. This allows us to determine directly observable effects ofvertex corrections on a variety of thermodynamic properties of superconductors. To this end, we employ conserving approximations (in the local approximation) to calculate the superconducting critical temperatures, isotope coefficients, superconducting gaps, free-energy differences and thermodynamic critical fields for a range of parameters. We find that the dressed value of lambda is significantly larger than the bare value. While vertex corrections can cause significant changes in all the above quantities (even whenthe bare electron-phonon coupling is small), the changes can usually be well-modeled by an appropriate Coulomb pseudopotential. The isotope coefficient proves to be the quantity that most clearly shows effects of vertex corrections that can not be mimicked by a mu*.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures
The shape of a moving fluxon in stacked Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Krasnov, V. M.
name: Winkler, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study numerically and analytically the shape of a single fluxon moving in a double stacked Josephson junctions (SJJ's) for various junction parameters. We show that the fluxon in a double SJJ's consists of two components, which are characterized by different Swihart velocities and Josephson penetration depths. The weight coefficients of the two components depend on the parameters of the junctions and the velocity of the fluxon. It is shown that the fluxon in SJJ's may have an unusual shape with an inverted magnetic field in the second junction when the velocity of the fluxon is approaching the lower Swihart velocity. Finally, we study the influence of fluxon shape on flux-flow current-voltage characteristics and analyze the spectrum of Cherenkov radiation for fluxon velocity above the lower Swihart velocity. Analytic expression for the wavelength of Cherenkov radiation is derived.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures
Additional file 5 of Circ-GALNT16 restrains colorectal cancer progression by enhancing the SUMOylation of hnRNPK
Creators: name: Peng, Chaofan
name: Tan, Yuqian
name: Yang, Peng
name: Jin, Kangpeng
name: Zhang, Chuan
name: Peng, Wen
name: Wang, Lu
name: Zhou, Jiahui
name: Chen, Ranran
name: Wang, Tuo
name: Jin, Chi
name: Ji, Jiangzhou
name: Feng, Yifei
name: Tang, Junwei
name: Sun, Yueming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Figure S5. Circ-GALNT16 promotes the interaction between hnRNPK and p53 via inhibiting SENP2-mediated deSUMOylation. a. SUMOylation modification analysis was performed to identify the levels of hnRNPK SUMOylation in circ-GALNT16 knockdown and overexpression cells. b. The co-IP assay showed SENP2 could interact with hnRNPK in CRC cells. c. The co-IP assay was performed between SENP2 and hnRNPK in circ-GALNT16 silencing and overexpression cells at 6 h after UV stimulation. d. The knockdown efficiency of SENP2. e. SUMOylation modification analysis to explore the levels of hnRNPK SUMOylation in circ-GALNT16 knockdown and SENP2 knockdown cells. f. Pulldown assay showed p53 did not physically interact with circ-GALNT16. g. CCK8 indicated that circ-GALNT16 suppressed the proliferation of CRC by attenuating the deSUMOylation of hnRNPK. All data are presented as the means ± SD of three independent experiments.nsp>0.05, **p < 0.01.
Stereospecific effects of asymmetric ligands in cobalt (III) complexes
Creators: name: MacDermott, Thomas Edward
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1962
Subjects: Coordination compounds

description: In the study of the effects of asymmetric groups in metal complexes, by far the most commonly used ligand has been propylenediamine. This base is a bidentate ligand and its metal complexes show a close chemical resemblance to those of ethylenediamine, so that any complex of ethylenediamine can be paralleled using propylenediamine. X-ray and infra-red studies show that the metal ligand ring in both ethylenediamine and propylenediamine complexes assumes a non-planar configuration. The atoms are distributed in a staggered conformation so that the angles between bonds deviate as little as possible from the tetrahedral and octahedral angles. This puckering, shown in Fig. 1.11 for the ethylenediamine case, gives rise to isomerism such as that found in the cyclopentane system. The hydrogen atoms attached to the methylene carbons can be either "axial" or "equatorial." Using conformational anlyses Bailar and Corey were able to predict which isomers should be energetically preferred to others in a system such as tris(ethylenediamine)cobalt-(III). They also applied this treatment to the corresponding propylenediamine complex and predicted the predominance of some isomers. (First two paragraphs of introduction).
The deformation of metal single crystals by alternating tension and compression
Creators: name: Kemsley, Douglas Sinclair
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1959
Subjects: Dislocations in crystals

description: The initial aim of the experiments, suggested "by Dr. M.S. Paterson, was to study the influence of plastic strain amplitude on the work-hardening of copper crystals of various orientations under alternating tension and compression. Dr. Paterson had shown in previous work that the "behaviour of copper crystals under alternating straining was dependent on orientation, "but the influence of strain amplitude had not "been explored and very little work of this nature had "been published "by others. The study of work-hardening under alternating straining is essential for the eventual understanding of fatigue processes, although the higher strain amplitudes used in the present work may still "be too large to "be directly relevant to practical fatigue problems. Such studies should also contribute to the general knowledge of plastic deformation, especially in relation to current theories of v/ork-hardening, since the hardening is being produced under conditions different from usual, and, in particular, the orientations of crystals do not change progressively during deformation. Reversed straining was done at constant plastic strain amplitude, since this was considered to make the interpretation of the results simpler than in the case of constant stress amplitude. (First paragraph of general introduction).
The dark side of the mountain: Huang Binhong (1865-1955) and artistic continuity in twentieth century China
Creators: name: Roberts, Claire
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Huang Binhong
painting
China
landscapes

description: This thesis is an interpretive study of the life and art of Huang Binhong (1865-1955). It uses empirical and textual analysis to examine the landscape paintings of Huang Binhong in particular and places them within the historical context of a period of unprecedented political and social change in China. The thesis explores the background to Huang Binhong’s creative practice and the development of his artistic style and vision. It investigates Huang’s training as a Confucian scholar and his multiple identities as painter, art historian, art editor, teacher, collector and connoisseur. The first two chapters place Huang within the cultural milieu of the Lower Yangtze Valley and his ancestral home in Anhui, noting the influence of Xin’an artists and examining paintings of Huangshan; Chapters Three and Four examine Huang Binhong’s working life and milieu in Shanghai, his art historical writings and his work to authenticate paintings in the collection of the Palace Museum, and considers the influence of his work as editor and scholar on his artistic practice. Chapter Five follows Huang’s travels to Guangxi, Guangdong, Hong Kong and Sichuan, exploring the effect of contact with different landscapes on the evolution of his artistic style. Chapters Six and Seven locate him in Beiping during the Japanese occupation, a period of artistic reflection and experimentation in which the artist’s interest in “darkness” intensified. Chapter Eight examines Huang Binhong’s move to Hangzhou in 1948 and the impact of the establishment of the People’s Republic of China on his life and his late artistic style. Chapter Nine is a detailed examination of paintings from 1952 to 1955. In Chapter Ten I briefly discuss the legacy of Huang Binhong and reflect on a visit to his ancestral home in Shexian, Anhui in 2004.
Pottery Production and Social Complexity on the Chengdu Plain,Sichuan, China, 2500 to 800 BC
Creators: name: Chiang, Po-Yi
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2015

description: The goal of this research has been to examine potential changes in pottery production between 2500 and 800 BC on the Chengdu Plain of Sichuan, China, with a central focus on any relationships that might have existed between organization of pottery production and degree of social complexity. The evolutionary model of pottery production outlined by Rice (1981) is tested against archaeological data from the Chengdu Plain, covering pottery manufacturing technology and fabric composition, combined with a usage of metric indices to investigate degrees of standardization. In this research, the most commonly accepted chronology for the Chengdu Plain between 2500 and 800 BC is first reviewed. Through an analysis of available radiocarbon dates, archaeological stratigraphies, and the contrasting distributions of the Sanxingdui and Shierqiao assemblages, I have suggested that the Baodun culture existed between 2500 and 2000 BC, and was succeeded in parallel by the Sanxingdui and Shierqiao cultures in the 2nd millennium BC. This research also gives an introduction to significant sites on the plain and reviews past archaeological research. Problems with the relative and absolute dates of some sites are analysed. One of my conclusions is that the Bronze Age commenced on the Chengdu Plain between ca. 1100 and 950 BC, rather than during the earlier part of the 2nd millennium BC. By synthesizing anthropological theories on the formations of social inequality and states, combined with an analysis of mortuary data and available protohistorical accounts, I propose an evolutionary model for the development of those societies that inhabited the prehistoric Chengdu Plain.
Exploring the formation by core accretion and the luminosity evolution of directly imaged planets: The case of HIP 65426 b
Creators: name: Marleau, Gabriel-Dominique
name: Coleman, Gavin A. L.
name: Leleu, Adrien
name: Mordasini, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A low-mass companion to the two-solar mass star HIP65426 has recently been detected by SPHERE at around 100 au from its host. Explaining the presence of super-Jovian planets at large separations, as revealed by direct imaging, is currently an open question. We want to derive statistical constraints on the mass and initial entropy of HIP65426b and to explore possible formation pathways of directly imaged objects within the core-accretion paradigm, focusing on HIP65426b. Constraints on the planet's mass and post-formation entropy are derived from its age and luminosity combined with cooling models. For the first time, the results of population synthesis are also used to inform the results. Then, a formation model that includes N-body dynamics with several embryos per disc is used to study possible formation histories and the properties of possible additional companions. Finally, the outcomes of two- and three-planet scattering in the post-disc phase are analysed, taking tides into account. The mass of HIP65426b is found to be Mp = 9.9 +1.1 -1.8 MJ using the hot population and Mp = 10.9 +1.4 -2.0 MJ with the cold-nominal population. Core formation at small separations from the star followed by outward scattering and runaway accretion at a few hundred AU succeeds in reproducing the mass and separation of HIP65426b. Alternatively, systems having two or more giant planets close enough to be on an unstable orbit at disc dispersal are likely to end up with one planet on a wide HIP65426b-like orbit with a relatively high eccentricity (>~ 0.5). If this scattering scenario explains its formation, HIP65426b is predicted to have a high eccentricity and to be accompanied by one or several roughly Jovian-mass planets at smaller semi-major axes, which also could have a high eccentricity. This could be tested by further direct-imaging as well as radial-velocity observations.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures. A&A in press. Bern EXoplanet cooling curves (BEX) available upon request. v2: Language and other minor changes; Fig. 4 now has labels summarising a possible formation pathway discussed in the text
A site for hybrid practice: between traditional culture and contemporary ceramic art
Creators: name: Peng, Qian
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Hybrid Practice
Traditional Culture
Ceramic Art

description: This research project examines the relationship between Chinese traditional culture and contemporary ceramic art to propose a hybrid practice across materials, concepts and disciplines within conventional as well as experimental ceramic practice. The studio research deals with intense personal expression and cultural background in the medium of fabric clay. This project has involved advanced experimentation in material and technique involved in the application of fabric in the ceramic making process. Thus, this project seeks to break the practical limitation of material in both physical and conceptual terms. This exegesis situates the role of traditional concepts in contemporary ceramics through field observations of two important exhibitions in China, the Ninth China Contemporary Young Ceramic Artists’ Biennale (CYCB, 2014) and the 2014 Hangzhou International Contemporary Ceramic Biennale (HICB), and individual interviews with three Chinese ceramicists. A research triangle encompassing cultural context, formal considerations and ceramic practice is proposed as a theoretical model to accompany the studio research. The entire body of the research consists of this exegesis, studio practice and a detailed documentation of material experiments (available as an open-access online database).
Radiative capture reactions in light nuclei
Creators: name: Gemmell, Donald Stewart
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1959
Subjects: Protons Capture
Gamma rays

description: The experimental investigations to be described in this thesis are concerned with the class of nuclear reactions in which electromagnetic radiation is emitted subsequent to the capture of a bombarding proton by a light nucleus (A<32). Radiative proton capture reactions form a useful method of studying the spectroscopy of nuclear levels and permit the examination of nuclear structure over a wide range of excitation energies. In the past, however,m this approach has not been pursued to the same extent as other methods of nuclear spectroscopy such as the study of beta decay or reactions involving the emission of heavy particles. This has been mainly because of technical difficulties in the detection of y-rays. (First paragraph of Introduction.)
Additional file 8 of Circ-GALNT16 restrains colorectal cancer progression by enhancing the SUMOylation of hnRNPK
Creators: name: Peng, Chaofan
name: Tan, Yuqian
name: Yang, Peng
name: Jin, Kangpeng
name: Zhang, Chuan
name: Peng, Wen
name: Wang, Lu
name: Zhou, Jiahui
name: Chen, Ranran
name: Wang, Tuo
name: Jin, Chi
name: Ji, Jiangzhou
name: Feng, Yifei
name: Tang, Junwei
name: Sun, Yueming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Figure S8. Circ-GALNT16 regulates cell cycle and apoptosis of CRC cells through downregulating Serpine1. a. Cell cycle assays were performed in circ-GALNT16 overexpression and Serpine1 overexpression groups. b. Cell apoptosis assays were performed in sh-circ-GALNT16 and si-Serpine1 co-transfected cells. **p < 0.01.
Jet-powered Outflows in Supermassive Black Hole Binary Candidate SDSS J1048+0055
Creators: name: Jaiswal, Sumit
name: Mohan, Prashanth
name: An, Tao
name: Frey, Sándor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search and study of close pairs of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) is important in the study of galaxy mergers which can possibly trigger active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity, and in the context of their evolution into the gravitational wave emitting regime. The quasar SDSS~J1048+0055 was identified as a SMBH binary candidate based on the observed double-peaked \OIII$λλ$4959,5007 emission lines and two distinct radio components separated by $\sim 20$~pc \citep{2004ApJ...604L..33Z}. To ascertain the binary nature of this source, we analyzed multi-frequency, multi-epoch very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) data to investigate its pc-scale radio properties. The source shows double components with the western feature being brighter than the eastern one. This brighter component has a brightness temperature of $\sim 10^{10}$~K, spectral index of $α= -0.09 \pm 0.09$ (flat) and is indicative of mildly relativistic beaming. In contrast, the faint component has a lower brightness temperature of $\sim 10^{8-9}$~K and steep spectrum. These clues are consistent with a core--jet structure, moreover, the apparent separation speed between the two components is much higher than the expected orbital motion in a binary SMBH. Thus the present study excludes the association of the two VLBI components with the cores of a SMBH binary, although the SMBH binary possibility (e.g., a pair of radio-loud and radio-quiet AGNs) is not fully ruled out. In the single active galactic nucleus (AGN) scenario, the double-peaked optical emission lines can originate from the jet interacting with the narrow-line region as indicated by a change in the jet direction at $\sim$ 140 pc.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. (13 pages, 2 figures, and 2 tables)
Evaluating the effects of BMPs on agricultural contaminants using a novel method accounting for uncertainty in water flow and contaminant loads
Creators: name: Ratté-Fortin, Claudie
name: Rousseau, Alain N.
name: Thériault, Georges
name: Éric Van Bochove
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Field-scale studies have shown that beneficial management practices (BMPs), such as nutrient management plans and grass buffers, can reduce the downstream transport of non-point source contaminants. This study presents a novel method for evaluating the effectiveness of BMPs using in situ data. From 2005 to 2012, hydrometric monitoring and water quality monitoring were carried out at the outlet and along two main branches of a micro-watershed (236 ha) with a high proportion of cultivated land. The method was based on evaluating the uncertainty associated with the determination of water flow and agricultural contaminant loads, with the latter being based on statistical distributions of nutrient or sediment concentrations. Distribution of loads (i.e. April–November) was estimated in order to assess the cumulative effectiveness of all implemented BMPs with an emphasis in riparian buffers established on the micro-watershed under study at different spatio-temporal scales. Results showed the concentrations and loads of total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3−−N) and particulate phosphorus (PP) were significantly lower following riparian buffer implementation. A significant decrease in NO2−−N and ammonium nitrogen (NH4+−N) in the loads also occurred after riparian buffers were established. Spatially, a ratio approach based on comparing an export fraction (loads [kg] to nutrient balances [kg]) downstream from riparian buffers with that at the outlet of the same stream showed a significant reduction in the ratio downstream from the riparian buffer for TN and TP in 2009, with no significant reduction in 2010, 2011 and 2012. Ratios calculated on a seasonal basis showed the riparian buffers were less effective in the spring, as well as during seasons marked by one or more intense rainfall events.
Elastic fields of stationary and moving dislocations in finite samples
Creators: name: Arias, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integral expressions are determined for the elastic displacement and stress fields due to stationary or moving dislocation loops in finite samples. These general expressions are valid for anisotropic media as well. Specifically for the stress fields, a line integral representation is found, thus showing rigorously the independence of the stress fields with respect to the choice of slip planes. In the stationary case the line integral representation involves calculating a "vector potential" dependent on the specific geometry of the sample. Two examples of geometries, isotropic half space and thin plate, are shown where the "vector potential" has been explicitly determined. With this general method one recovers some earlier specific results in these geometries.
description: Latex, 5 pages, submitted to Philosophical Magazine
Singularity theorems and the abstract boundary construction
Creators: name: Ashley, Michael
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2002
Subjects: essential singularities • space-time • optimal embeddings • Beem • curvature singularities • abstract boundary • theorems • General Relativity • a-boundary • Riemannian manifolds

description: The abstract boundary construction of Scott and Szekeres has proven a practical classification scheme for boundary points of pseudo-Riemannian manifolds. It has also proved its utility in problems associated with the re-embedding of exact solutions containing directional singularities in space-time. Moreover it provides a model for singularities in space-time - essential singularities. However the literature has been devoid of abstract boundary results which have results of direct physical applicability.¶ This thesis presents several theorems on the existence of essential singularities in space-time and on how the abstract boundary allows definition of optimal em- beddings for depicting space-time. Firstly, a review of other boundary constructions for space-time is made with particular emphasis on the deficiencies they possess for describing singularities. The abstract boundary construction is then pedagogically defined and an overview of previous research provided.¶ We prove that strongly causal, maximally extended space-times possess essential singularities if and only if they possess incomplete causal geodesics. This result creates a link between the Hawking-Penrose incompleteness theorems and the existence of essential singularities. Using this result again together with the work of Beem on the stability of geodesic incompleteness it is possible to prove the stability of existence for essential singularities.¶ Invariant topological contact properties of abstract boundary points are presented for the first time and used to define partial cross sections, which are an generalization of the notion of embedding for boundary points. Partial cross sections are then used to define a model for an optimal embedding of space-time.¶ Finally we end with a presentation of the current research into the relationship between curvature singularities and the abstract boundary. This work proposes that the abstract boundary may provide the correct framework to prove curvature singularity theorems for General Relativity. This exciting development would culminate over 30 years of research into the physical conditions required for curvature singularities in space-time.
The Stellar Content of NGC 6789, A Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxy in the Local Void
Creators: name: Drozdovsky, Igor O.
name: Schulte-Ladbeck, Regina E.
name: Hopp, Ulrich
name: Crone, Mary M.
name: Greggio, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find that NGC6789 is the most nearby example of a Blue Compact Dwarf galaxy known to date. With the help of WFPC2 aboard the Hubble Space Telescope, we resolve NGC6789 into over 15,000 point sources in the V and I bands. The young stars of NGC6789 are found exclusively near the center of the galaxy. The red giant population identified at large galacticentric radii yields a distance of about 3.6 Mpc, a stellar metallicity [Fe/H] of about -2, and a minimum age of about 1 Gyr. Despite its isolated location in the Local Void,its low metallicity, and its active star formation, the properties of NGC6789 are clearly not those of a galaxy in formation.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, ApJL Accepted
Additional file 1 of Third-generation sequencing found LncRNA associated with heat shock protein response to heat stress in Populus qiongdaoensis seedlings
Creators: name: Xu, Jiahong
name: Zheng, Yao
name: Pu, Shouqin
name: Zhang, Xiujie
name: Li, Zhihao
name: Chen, Jinhui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1 Figure S1. Annotation result statistics for seven queried databases. Figure S2. Length distribution of all sRNA sequences in the six samples. Figure S3. First base type of the known miRNA of six samples of 18–30 nt in length. pqh1 (a), pqh2 (b), pqh3 (c), pqq1 (d), pqq2 (e), and pqq3 (f). Figure S4. First base type of the novel miRNA of six samples of 18–30 nt in length. pqh1 (a), pqh2 (b), pqh3 (c), pqq1 (d), pqq2 (e), and pqq3 (f). Figure S5. Predicted total number of lncRNAs. Figure S6. GO analysis of the biological functions of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs. GO terms of the up- (a) and down-regulated mRNAs (b), the lncRNAs (c), and the up- (d) and down-regulated miRNAs (e). Figure S7. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and miRNAs. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the up- (a) and down-regulated mRNAs (b), the lncRNAs(c), and the up- (d) and down-regulated miRNAs (e). Figure S8. Networks of miRNAs and mRNAs in P. qiongdaoensis. Thirty-nine mRNAs were predicted as potential target genes of nine miRNAs, in the psRNATarget with an expectation ≤3. Figure S9. Prediction of lncHSP18.2 secondary structure. The optimal secondary structure in dot-bracket notation (a), minimum free energy secondary structure (b), centroid secondary structure (c), and mountain plot representation of the MFE structure, thermodynamic ensemble of RNA structure, and the centroid structure (d). Base colors in the b and c diagrams represent base-pair probabilities. A mountain plot represents a secondary structure in a plot of height versus position, where the height m (k) is given by the number of bases at position k. The loops correspond to plateaus (hairpin loops are peaks), the helices to slopes. Figure S10. Prediction of mRNA (HSP18.2) secondary structure. The optimal secondary structure in dot-bracket notation (a), minimum free energy secondary structure (b), centroid secondary structure (c), and mountain plot representation of the MFE structure, thermodynamic ensemble of RNA structure, and the centroid structure (d). Base colors in the b and c diagrams represent base-pair probabilities. A mountain plot represents a secondary structure in a plot of height versus position, where the height m (k) is given by the number of bases at position k. The loops correspond to plateaus (hairpin loops are peaks), the helices to slopes.
Universality of EPR pairs in Entanglement-Assisted Communication Complexity, and the Communication Cost of State Conversion
Creators: name: Coudron, Matthew
name: Harrow, Aram W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement assistance is known to reduce the quantum communication complexity of evaluating functions with distributed inputs. But does the type of entanglement matter, or are EPR pairs always sufficient? This is a natural question because in several other settings maximally entangled states are known to be less useful as a resource than some partially entangled state. These include non-local games, tasks with quantum communication between players and referee, and simulating bipartite unitaries or communication channels. By contrast, we prove that the bounded-error entanglement-assisted quantum communication complexity of a function cannot be improved by more than a constant factor by replacing maximally entangled states with arbitrary entangled states. In particular, we show that every quantum communication protocol using $Q$ qubits of communication and arbitrary shared entanglement can be $ε$-approximated by a protocol using $O(Q/ε+\log(1/ε)/ε)$ qubits of communication and only EPR pairs as shared entanglement. Our second result concerns an old question in quantum information theory: How much quantum communication is required to approximately convert one pure bipartite entangled state into another? We show that the communication cost of converting between two bipartite quantum states is upper bounded, up to a constant multiplicative factor, by a natural and efficiently computable quantity which we call the $\ell_{\infty}$-Earth Mover's Distance (EMD) between those two states. Furthermore, we prove a complementary lower bound on the cost of state conversion by the $ε$-smoothed $\ell_{\infty}$-EMD, which is a natural smoothing of the $\ell_{\infty}$-EMD that we will define via a connection with optimal transport theory.
TeV-PeV Cosmic-Ray Anisotropy and Local Interstellar Turbulence
Creators: name: Giacinti, Gwenael
name: Kirk, John G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the shape of the large-scale anisotropy of TeV-PeV cosmic-rays (CR) in different models of the interstellar turbulence. In general, the large-scale CR anisotropy (CRA) is not a dipole, and its shape can be used as a new probe of the turbulence. The 400 TeV and 2 PeV data sets of IceTop can be fitted with Goldreich-Sridhar turbulence and a broad resonance function, but other possibilities are not excluded. We then present our first numerical calculations of the CRA down to 3 TeV energies in 3D isotropic Kolmogorov turbulence. At these low energies, the large-scale CRA aligns well with the direction of local magnetic field lines around the observer. In this type of turbulence, the CR intensity is flat in a broad region perpendicular to field lines. Even though the CRA is quite gyrotropic, we show that the local configuration of the turbulence around the observer does result in the appearance of weak, "non-gyrotropic" small-scale anisotropies, which contain information on the local turbulence level.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to Journal of Physics: Conference Series. Talk presented at the 26th Extended European Cosmic Ray Symposium, Barnaul, July 2018
Transmission problems for Dirac's and Maxwell's equations with Lipschitz interfaces
Creators: name: Axelsson, Andreas
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Dirac operator
Maxwell's equations
transmission problem
Hodge decomposition
Cauchy integral
double layer potential
Lipschitz surface
singular integral
Carleson measure
boundary integral method
oblique boundary value problem
Fredholm theory
exterior algebra
Clifford analysis
Rellich inequality
Banach algebra
projection operator
Toeplitz operator
Calderón projection

description: The aim of this thesis is to give a mathematical framework for scattering of electromagnetic waves by rough surfaces. We prove that the Maxwell transmission problem with a weakly Lipschitz interface, in finite energy norms, is well posed in Fredholm sense for real frequencies. Furthermore, we give precise conditions on the material constants ε, μ and σ and the frequency ω when this transmission problem is well posed. To solve the Maxwell transmission problem, we embed Maxwell’s equations in an elliptic Dirac equation. We develop a new boundary integral method to solve the Dirac transmission problem. This method uses a boundary integral operator, the rotation operator, which factorises the double layer potential operator. We prove spectral estimates for this rotation operator in finite energy norms using Hodge decompositions on weakly Lipschitz domains. To ensure that solutions to the Dirac transmission problem indeed solve Maxwell’s equations, we introduce an exterior/interior derivative operator acting in the trace space. By showing that this operator commutes with the two basic reflection operators, we are able to prove that the Maxwell transmission problem is well posed. We also prove well-posedness for a class of oblique Dirac transmission problems with a strongly Lipschitz interface, in the L_2 space on the interface. This is shown by employing the Rellich technique, which gives angular spectral estimates on the rotation operator.
A network meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of baloxavir marboxil versus neuraminidase inhibitors for the treatment of influenza in otherwise healthy patients
Creators: name: Taieb, Vanessa
name: Ikeoka, Hidetoshi
name: Ma, Fang-Fang
name: Borkowska, Katarzyna
name: Aballéa, Samuel
name: Tone, Keiko
name: Hirotsu, Nobuo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Objective: Baloxavir marboxil (baloxavir) is the first cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor being studied for the treatment of influenza in single oral dosing regimen. This network meta-analysis (NMA) evaluated the efficacy and safety of baloxavir compared to other antivirals for influenza in otherwise healthy patients. Methods: A systematic literature review was performed on 14 November 2016 in Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, and ICHUSHI to identify randomized controlled trials assessing antivirals for influenza. A NMA including 22 trials was performed to compare the efficacy and safety of baloxavir with other antivirals. Results: The time to alleviation of all symptoms was significantly shorter for baloxavir compared to zanamivir (difference in median time 19.96 h; 95% CrI [3.23, 39.07]). The time to cessation of viral shedding was significantly shorter for baloxavir than zanamivir and oseltamivir (47.00 h; 95% CrI [28.18, 73.86] and 56.03 h [33.74, 87.86], respectively). The mean decline in virus titer from baseline to 24 h was significantly greater for baloxavir than for the other drugs. Other differences in efficacy outcomes were not significant. No significant differences were found between baloxavir and the other antivirals for safety, except total drug-related adverse events where baloxavir demonstrated a decrease compared to oseltamivir and laninamivir. Conclusions: The NMA suggests that baloxavir demonstrated better or similar efficacy results compared to other antivirals with a comparable safety profile. Baloxavir led to a significant decrease in viral titer versus zanamivir, oseltamivir and peramivir and decreased viral shedding versus zanamivir and oseltamivir.
Homotopic Classification of Yang-Mills Vacua Taking into Account Causality
Creators: name: Etesi, Gabor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Existence of theta-vacuum states in Yang--Mills theories defined over asymptotically flat space-times examined taking into account not only the topology but the complicated causal structure of these space-times, too. By a result of Galloway apparently causality makes all vacuum states, seen by a distant observer, homotopically equivalent making the introduction of theta-terms unnecessary. But a more careful analysis shows that certain twisted classical vacuum states survive even in this case eventually leading to the conclusion that the concept of ``theta-vacua'' is meaningful in the case of general Yang--Mills theories. We give a classification of these vacuum states based on Isham's results showing that the Yang--Mills vacuum has the same complexity as in the flat Minkowskian case hence the general CP-problem is not more complicated than the well-known flat one. We also construct the theta vacua rigorously via geometric quantization.
description: LaTex, 13 pages, no figures; final published version
Automated terrestrial laser scanning with near-real-time change detection – monitoring of the Séchilienne landslide
Creators: Kromer, Ryan A.
Abellán, Antonio
Hutchinson, D. Jean
Lato, Matt
Chanu, Marie-Aurelie
Dubois, Laurent
Jaboyedoff, Michel
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2017

We present an automated terrestrial laser scanning (ATLS) system with automatic near-real-time change detection processing. The ATLS system was tested on the Séchilienne landslide in France for a 6-week period with data collected at 30 min intervals. The purpose of developing the system was to fill the gap of high-temporal-resolution TLS monitoring studies of earth surface processes and to offer a cost-effective, light, portable alternative to ground-based interferometric synthetic aperture radar (GB-InSAR) deformation monitoring. During the study, we detected the flux of talus, displacement of the landslide and pre-failure deformation of discrete rockfall events. Additionally, we found the ATLS system to be an effective tool in monitoring landslide and rockfall processes despite missing points due to poor atmospheric conditions or rainfall. Furthermore, such a system has the potential to help us better understand a wide variety of slope processes at high levels of temporal detail.
Policy-Gradient Algorithms for Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes
Creators: name: Aberdeen, Douglas
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2003
Subjects: POMDP
Reinforcement Learning
Policy gradient
cluster
high performance computing

description: Partially observable Markov decision processes are interesting because of their ability to model most conceivable real-world learning problems, for example, robot navigation, driving a car, speech recognition, stock trading, and playing games. The downside of this generality is that exact algorithms are computationally intractable. Such computational complexity motivates approximate approaches. One such class of algorithms are the so-called policy-gradient methods from reinforcement learning. They seek to adjust the parameters of an agent in the direction that maximises the long-term average of a reward signal. Policy-gradient methods are attractive as a \emph{scalable} approach for controlling partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs). In the most general case POMDP policies require some form of internal state, or memory, in order to act optimally. Policy-gradient methods have shown promise for problems admitting memory-less policies but have been less successful when memory is required. This thesis develops several improved algorithms for learning policies with memory in an infinite-horizon setting. Directly, when the dynamics of the world are known, and via Monte-Carlo methods otherwise. The algorithms simultaneously learn how to act and what to remember.
Generalized comonotonicity and new axiomatizations of Sugeno integrals on bounded distributive lattices
Creators: name: Halaš, Radomír
name: Mesiar, Radko
name: Pócs, Jozef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Two new generalizations of the relation of comonotonicity of lattice-valued vectors are introduced and discussed. These new relations coincide on distributive lattices and they share several properties with the comonotonicity for the real-valued vectors (which need not hold for $L$-valued vectors comonotonicity, in general). Based on these newly introduced generalized types of comonotonicity of $L$-valued vectors, several new axiomatizations of $L$-valued Sugeno integrals are introduced. One of them brings a substantial decrease of computational complexity when checking an aggregation function to be a Sugeno integral.
description: 22 pages
Admissible Equivalence Transformations for Linearization of Nonlinear Wave Type Equations
Creators: name: Özer, Saadet S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper we consider a general family of two dimensional wave equations which represents a great variety of linear and nonlinear equations within the framework of the transformations of equivalence groups. We have investigated the existence problem of point transformations that lead mappings between linear and nonlinear members of particular families and determined the structure of the nonlinear terms of linearizable equations. We have also given examples about some equivalence transformations between linear and nonlinear equations and obtained exact solutions of nonlinear equations via the linear ones.
Some aspects of economic growth : a study of some problems in the measurement and analysis of the capital stock
Creators: name: Hogan, Warren Pat
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1958
Subjects: subject: economic growth
subject: capital stock
subject: output
subject: Capital investments
subject: Saving and investment
subject: Depreciation

description: This thesis attempts to explain some of the problems in the statistical measurement and handling of capital stock estimates. We are led into a discussion of some aspects of replacement and technical progress. The reason for the inquiry is clear. With the proliferation of writings on growth theory in recent years and, in particular, the questioning of the role of capital, one is struck by the ease with which the concept is used and the statistical measures estimated. Al;though there are important concepts which defy quantification, this is not the case with capital; if anything the mass of conflicting material and the variety of results arouses suspicion, Admittedly there are handicaps in the way of a statistical presentation of any concept by an examination of the plethora of work on capital does suggest some gaps in the theoretical and empirical framework and the links between them. (First paragraph of preface).
Buckminsterfullerene: C60
Creators: name: Fullagar, Wilfred K.
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1992
Subjects: fullerene, C60, C70, X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, vibrational spectroscopy, optical spectroscopy, liquid ammonia, electrochemistry, superconductor

description: A study of the recently discovered molecular allotrope of carbon, C60 (buckminsterfullerene) is presented. The preparation of this potentially useful new material is described, along with its characterisation by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet/visible/near-infrared spectroscopy. To a lesser extent, its congener C70 is also described. The newly discovered spectra of the C601-, C602-, C603-, and C604- anions of C60 are characterised and used in a novel preparation of the superconducting Rb3C60 salt in liquid ammonia. This method is the first to allow determination of the oxidation state of C60 during synthesis, and also provided the first near-infrared spectroscopic observation of the C605- anion. The nature of the synthesis is such as to allow stoichiometric synthesis of other alkali metal compounds also. The products of the liquid ammonia synthesis were analysed by X-ray diffraction and microwave susceptibility (to determine superconductivity temperatures).
The stability of a continuously pumped atom laser
Creators: name: Haine, S. A.
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2002
Subjects: atom lasers Bose-Einstein condensation BEC

description: In this thesis we theoretically model a continuously pumped atom laser using the mean-field description. We find that it is unstable below a critical scattering length. Above the critical scattering length, the atom laser reaches a steady state, the stability of which increases with pumping. Below this limit the atom laser does not reach a steady state. We show that this instability results from the competition between gain and loss for the excited states of the lasing mode, and show how the nonlinearities stabilise the system. The requirement for a minimum scattering length will determine a fundamental limit for the linewidth of an atom laser beam. We propose a method of stabilising the system below the critical scattering length and investigate its effectiveness.
Bayesian analysis of claim run-off triangles
Creators: name: Lim, Kar Wai
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Bayesian inference
Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods
claim run-off triangles

description: This dissertation studies Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, and applies them to actuarial data, with a focus on claim run-off triangles. After reviewing a classical model for run-off triangles proposed by Hertig (1985) and improved by de Jong (2004), who incorporated a correlation structure, a Bayesian analogue is developed to model an actuarial dataset, with a view to estimating the total outstanding claim liabilities (also known as the required reserve). MCMC methods are used to solve the Bayesian model, estimate its parameters, make predictions, and assess the model itself. The resulting estimate of reserve is compared to estimates obtained using other methods, such as the chain-ladder method, a Bayesian over-dispersed Poisson model, and the classical development correlation model of de Jong. The thesis demonstrates that the proposed Bayesian correlation model performs well for claim reserving purposes. This model yields similar results to its classical counterparts, with relatively conservative point estimates. It also gives a better idea of the uncertainties involved in the estimation procedure.