cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Wer wählt den Hausarzt zum „Gatekeeper“? Eine Anwendung des Verhaltensmodells von Andersen zur Beschreibung der Teilnahme an Hausarztmodellen in Deutschland
Creators: name: Kürschner, N.
name: Weidmann, C.
name: Müters, Stephan
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsberichterstattung
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Deutschland
subject: Hausarztzentrierte Versorgung
subject: Hausarztmodell
subject: Inanspruchnahme
subject: Krankenkassen
subject: Germany
subject: General practitioner model
subject: Health service gatekeeper
subject: Utilization
subject: Statutory health insurance
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Die gesetzlichen Krankenkassen sind seit Juli 2009 verpflichtet, sogenannte Hausarztmodelle anzubieten. In diesen Modellen wird die Koordinierungsfunktion des Hausarztes gestärkt. Bislang ist wenig über den Nutzerkreis von Hausarztmodellen bekannt. Die vorliegende Arbeit möchte diese Lücke schließen und auf Grundlage des Verhaltensmodells von Andersen Einflussgrößen der Teilnahme an Hausarztmodellen bestimmen. Hierzu werden Daten des Telefonischen Gesundheitssurveys 2006 des Robert Koch-Instituts vorgestellt und Einflussgrößen des Einschreibeverhaltens mithilfe logistischer Regressionsmodelle bestimmt. Wie sich zeigt, nutzten ältere Versicherte, Angehörige der unteren sozialen Schichten, nicht oder nur geringfügig Erwerbstätige und Personen, die in kleineren Wohnorten leben, besonders häufig das Angebot von Hausarztmodellen. Versicherte mit einem hohen Versorgungsbedarf sind tatsächlich häufiger in Hausarztmodelle eingeschrieben, auch wenn hierbei noch Verbesserungspotenzial besteht. Es handelt sich bei den Nutzern jedoch in erster Linie um Versicherte, die auch vor Einführung der Hausarztmodelle häufig einen Hausarzt konsultierten, während die Bevölkerungsgruppen, die den direkten Weg zum Facharzt wählen, häufig nicht erreicht werden.
description: Since July 2009, statutory health insurance companies in Germany are obliged to offer a so-called general practitioner model. By strengthening the general practitioner’s position, these models should optimize healthcare especially for people with higher demands for health services. So far, little is known about which patients participate in the model. Our study’s aim was to describe correlates of enrollment based on the behavioral model of health services use. The data were obtained from the Robert Koch Institute’s 2006 telephone health survey. Variables influencing enrollment in the general practitioner models were determined through logistic regression models. Main indicators for enrollment were age above 60 years, lower social status, lower income status, and living in less populated areas. Insured persons with a higher demand for medical services were more often enrolled in general practitioner models. Most of them had consulted their general practitioner very frequently even before the general practitioner model was introduced.
Additional file 5 of Relationship between dyslipidemia and diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Li, Zhaoping
name: Yuan, Yuan
name: Qi, Qianjin
name: Wang, Qian
name: Feng, Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Table S2. The methodological quality of cohort studies in accordance with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS).
Management bioterroristischer Anschläge mit gefährlichen infektiösen Agenzien
Creators: name: Fock, Rüdiger
name: Grünewald, Thomas
name: Biederbick, Walter
name: Wirtz, Alfred
name: Gottschalk, René
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Biologische Sicherheit
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Infektionsschutz
subject: Bioterrorismus
subject: Öffentliches Gesundheitswesen
subject: Seuchenhygiene
subject: Katastrophenschutz
subject: Public health
subject: Bioterrorism
subject: Epidemic control
subject: Disaster prevention
subject: Preparedness plan
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Die anhaltende Diskussion über eine akute Gefährdung durch terroristische Anschläge gibt Anlass, Aufgaben und Möglichkeiten des öffentlichen Gesundheitswesens als Teil der spezifischen Katastrophenabwehr bei biologischen Großschadenslagen und Katastrophen näher zu skizzieren. Kam dem öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienst im Katastrophenschutz bisher überwiegend eine beratende Funktion zu, so wird anhand des veränderten Bedrohungspotenzials zunehmend die Forderung laut, ihn verbindlich in die Katastrophen- und Alarmierungspläne zu integrieren und seine genaue vertikale und horizontale Einbindungsstruktur und Weisungskompetenz zu regeln. Die vernetzte Strukturlandkreis- und teilweise länderübergreifender Kompetenzzentren für hochkontagiöse lebensbedrohliche Infektionserkrankungen hat sich bewährt und gezeigt, dass diese durch die Verknüpfung von öffentlichem Gesundheitsdienst, Diagnostik, Klinik, Feuerwehr/Rettungsdienst und Krankenhaushygiene auch auf zunächst unerwartete infektiologische Situationen (Milzbrandfehlalarme) schnell und professionell reagieren bzw. Hilfe leisten können. Um sich regelmäßig gegenseitig zu informieren, sich im Bedarfsfall personell zu unterstützen und um eine einheitliche Fortbildung zu gewährleisten, wurde im März 2003 die StAKoB (Ständige Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Kompetenz- und Behandlungszentren) gegründet.
description: The ongoing discussion on threats by terrorist attacks leads to a realignment of tasks and responsibilities within the health care system. Especially the public health services are developing from exercising mainly an advisory function to becoming an integral part in disaster response to devastating biological scenarios. Recent risk assessment recommends authoritative integration of public health officials into disaster response planning and to define their role inside the command and control structures of disaster management. Interdisciplinary networks of public health services, medical treatment centres, emergency medical services, reference laboratories and hospital hygiene services have appeared to be successful in the management of life-threatening, contagious diseases and unexpected bioterrorist incidents as well. In March 2003 the “StAKoB” was established as a permanent working group of the centres for prepared ness and treatment. Major objectives of the working group are ex change of information, mutual support in cases of emergency and standardisation in staff training.
The Poetics of Education in Antebellum New Orleans
Creators: name: Braun, Juliane
Publisher: name: Cambridge University Press
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Poetry
subject: Education
subject: American poetry--African American authors
subject: American literature--African American authors
subject: History
subject: Louisiana

description: Published in New Orleans in 1845 by a group of free men of color, Les Cenelles: Choix de poésies indigènes is now commonly recognized as the first collection of African American poetry. As a testament to and expression of the intellectual prowess of New Orleans's francophone free Black community, Les Cenelles deserves to be read as a formally integrated volume, a collection of poetry that was assembled with purpose and organized with a keen eye for the complexity and precariousness of the free Black experience in the 1840s. This essay reads Les Cenelles in conjunction with one specific aspect of this experience, namely, free Black efforts to gain access to formal education and institutions of learning.
 Examining Les Cenelles alongside debates surrounding the establishment of the Institution Catholique des Orphelins Indigents (Catholic Institution for Indigent Orphans), New Orleans's first school run by and for free people of color, this essay traces the emergence of a poetics of education, a theory of free Black community engagement that relied on the persuasive and instructive powers of poetry. In the absence of formal curricula or instruction manuals, I analyze Les Cenelles as a textbook of sorts, an exercise in writing and reading, designed to train both its contributors and its readers in the form, function, and tradition of French letters while simultaneously educating them about the very real threats the free Black community faced in New Orleans during the 1840s.
 By reading Les Cenelles as a collective, deliberate, and cohesive work rather than a collection of individual poems compiled at random, this essay reveals not only how the contributors and their editor created webs of meaning through intertextual reference and by communicating to each other through their poems, but also how they engaged in a collective effort to consolidate, protect, and invigorate the free Black community through education.
Experiences from the Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O104:H4 outbreak in Germany and research needs in the field, Berlin, 28–29 November 2011
Creators: name: Stark, Klaus
name: Bauerfeind, Rolf
name: Bernard, Helen
name: Eckmanns, Tim
name: Ethelberg, Steen
name: Flieger, Antje
name: Giesecke, J.
name: Greiner, M.
name: Karch, Helge
name: Krause, Gérard
name: Mielke, Martin
name: O'Brien, S. J.
name: Pulz, M.
name: Scheutz, F.
name: Schielke, Anika
name: Stahl, R. A.
name: Takkinen, J.
name: Tarr, Phillip I.
name: Tauxe, R. V.
name: Werber, Dirk
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionsepidemiologie
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Anti-Infective Agents/therapeutic use
subject: Humans
subject: Disease Outbreaks
subject: Germany/epidemiology
subject: Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/microbiology
subject: Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/epidemiology
subject: Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli/isolation & purification
subject: Microbial Sensitivity Tests
subject: Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology
subject: Escherichia coli Infections/epidemiology
subject: Food Contamination/analysis
subject: Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli/pathogenicity
subject: Escherichia coli Infections/drug therapy
subject: Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/drug therapy
subject: Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli/drug effects
subject: 610 Medizin

description: This report presents the main findings from an international workshop on Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), held on 28–29 November 2011, organised by the Robert Koch Institute [1]. The workshop assembled over 100 experts in clinical medicine, epidemiology, public health, microbiology, food safety, and environmental science from various countries.
Antibody-drug conjugates-related interstitial lung diseases: data mining of the FAERS database
Creators: name: Yu, Zicheng
name: Zhu, Haibin
name: Liao, Xiaolan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) is a serious adverse event (AE) associated with antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). This study aims to delve deeply into the signals of AE associated with ILD linked to ADCs. The AE reports were extracted from the first quarter of 2004 to the fourth quarter of 2023 based on the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. Signal mining was performed using the reporting odds ratio (ROR) method and the multi‐item gamma Poisson shrinker (MGPS) method. Data management, analysis, and visualization were carried out using Python, R software, and MySQL. A total of 1389 AE reports related to ILD with 11 types of ADCs as the primary suspected drugs were obtained. The age groups most represented were 61–80 age group. ILD-related AE signals were detected for 11 ADCs in the study. Trastuzumab deruxtecan showed the strongest signals in both for ROR and MGPS methods. The median onset time vary from 8 days to 207 days. The signals of ILD AE associated with ADCs are notably strong. ILD should be closely monitored and assessed in the clinical use of ADCs taking full account of the efficacy and risks of these drugs.
Additional file 6 of Relationship between dyslipidemia and diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Li, Zhaoping
name: Yuan, Yuan
name: Qi, Qianjin
name: Wang, Qian
name: Feng, Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6. PRISMA 2020 Checklist.
DEVELOPMENT OF TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRIC METHODS FOR CHARACTERIZING ASPHALTENES AND DIFFERENTIATING SMALL ORGANIC ISOMERS
Creators: name: Dong, Xueming
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2019
Subjects: Analytical spectrometry

description: High-resolution mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) are powerful tools for the characterization of the molecular structures of components of both simple and complex mixtures. MS and MS/MS have played key roles in many fields, including proteomics, metabolomics, and petroleomics. This thesis focuses on the development of tandem mass spectrometric methods for the structural characterization of asphaltenes and small isomeric molecules. In addition, this thesis also presents a method to address a sampling bias in asphaltene analysis.
Additional file 2 of Primary care pediatricians and job satisfaction: a cross sectional study in the Lazio region
Creators: name: Sapienza, Martina
name: Furia, Giuseppe
name: La Regina, Domenico Paolo
name: Grimaldi, Valentina
name: Tarsitano, Maria Grazia
name: Patrizi, Cristina
name: Capelli, Giovanni
name: Damiani, Gianfranco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2 Supplementary Questionnaire.
Monitoring pandemic influenza A(H1N1) vaccination coverage in Germany 2009/10
Creators: name: Walter, Dietmar
name: Böhmer, Merle
name: Heiden, Matthias An Der
name: Reiter, Sabine
name: Krause, Gérard
name: Wichmann, Ole
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionsepidemiologie
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Germany
subject: Influenza
subject: Pandemic
subject: Vaccination
subject: Coverage
subject: H1N1
subject: 610 Medizin

description: To monitor pandemic influenza A(H1N1) vaccine uptake during the vaccination campaign in Germany 2009/10, thirteen consecutive cross-sectional telephone-surveys were performed between November 2009 and April 2010. In total 13,010 household-interviews were conducted. Vaccination coverage in persons >14 years of age remained low, both in the general population (8.1%; 95%CI: 7.4–8.8) and in specific target groups such as healthcare workers and individuals with underlying chronic diseases (12.8%; 95%CI: 11.4–14.4). Previous vaccination against seasonal influenza was a main factor independently associated with pandemic influenza vaccination (Odds ratio = 8.8; 95%CI: 7.2–10.8). The campaign failed to reach people at risk who were not used to receive their annual seasonal influenza shot.
Anomaly Detection Techniques for the Protection of Database Systems against Insider Threats
Creators: name: Sallam, Asmaa Mohamed
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2019
Subjects: Applied computing not elsewhere classified
Software engineering not elsewhere classified
Database systems
System and network security

description: The mitigation of insider threats against databases is a challenging problem since insiders often have legitimate privileges to access sensitive data. Conventional security mechanisms, such as authentication and access control, are thus insufficient for the protection of databases against insider threats; such mechanisms need to be complemented with real-time anomaly detection techniques. Since the malicious activities aiming at stealing data may consist of multiple steps executed across temporal intervals, database anomaly detection is required to track users' actions across time in order to detect correlated actions that collectively indicate the occurrence of anomalies. The existing real-time anomaly detection techniques for databases can detect anomalies in the patterns of referencing the database entities, i.e., tables and columns, but are unable to detect the increase in the sizes of data retrieved by queries; neither can they detect changes in the users' data access frequencies. According to recent security reports, such changes are indicators of potential data misuse and may be the result of malicious intents for stealing or corrupting the data. In this thesis, we present techniques for monitoring database accesses and detecting anomalies that are considered early signs of data misuse by insiders. Our techniques are able to track the data retrieved by queries and sequences of queries, the frequencies of execution of periodic queries and the frequencies of referencing the database tuples and tables. We provide detailed algorithms and data structures that support the implementation of our techniques and the results of the evaluation of their implementation.
sj-pdf-1-cmp-10.1177_07388942211024947 – Supplemental material for Preventive war and sovereign debt
Creators: name: Krainin, Colin
name: Ramsay, Kristopher W
name: Wang, Bella
name: Ruggiero, Joseph J
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 220104 Human Rights and Justice Issues
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-cmp-10.1177_07388942211024947 for Preventive war and sovereign debt by Colin Krainin, Kristopher W Ramsay, Bella Wang and Joseph J Ruggiero in Conflict Management and Peace Science
Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-caj-10.1177_08465371211026310 - Is Call Karma Real? Resident After-Hours On-Call Imaging at the University of Saskatchewan: An Assessment of Call Volumes Including Inter-Resident Variability
Creators: name: Huynh, James
name: Horne, David
name: Bryce, Rhonda
name: Leswick, David A
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110320 Radiology and Organ Imaging
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-caj-10.1177_08465371211026310 for Is Call Karma Real? Resident After-Hours On-Call Imaging at the University of Saskatchewan: An Assessment of Call Volumes Including Inter-Resident Variability by James Huynh, David Horne, Rhonda Bryce and David A Leswick in Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal
Trends in Imported Chikungunya Virus Infections in Germany, 2006–2009
Creators: name: Frank, Christina
name: Schöneberg, Irene
name: Stark, Klaus
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionsepidemiologie
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Adolescent
subject: Humans
subject: Female
subject: Travel
subject: Germany/epidemiology
subject: Male
subject: Middle Aged
subject: Animals
subject: Child
subject: Adult
subject: Aged
subject: Time Factors
subject: Young Adult
subject: Alphavirus Infections/virology
subject: Asia
subject: Alphavirus Infections/epidemiology
subject: Chikungunya virus
subject: Indian Ocean Islands
subject: Kenya
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has been previously reported in many African and Asian areas, but it recently reemerged strongly in countries bordering the Indian Ocean as well as caused an outbreak in northern Italy. In Germany, where potential CHIKV vectors are not yet established, CHIKV infection is mandatorily notifiable. Cases reported from 2006 through 2009 were analyzed for travel characteristics and demographic factors. 152 cases of symptomatic CHIKV infection were notified. Both sexes were affected, with a median age of 46 years. Over the years, countries of infection largely followed the outbreaks reported from various travel destinations. India and the Maldives were the countries of infection most frequently named. In Sri Lanka, India, and Thailand, which are also frequently named countries of infection for dengue virus, the median age of CHIKV-affected patients was higher than that of dengue fever patients. Taking traveler numbers into consideration, risk of CHIKV infection was higher in the Seychelles and Mauritius than in Thailand and India. Even though substantial underdiagnosis is suspected, this assessment of CHIKV importation to Germany offers valuable information about the details of travel-associated cases. Between 17 and 53 notified cases per year signify that CHIKV would be occasionally available for local transmission in Germany once a vector becomes present. Although CHIKV most often causes a comparatively mild disease, the high median age of notified cases and the higher age than dengue patients support more severe disease courses in older adults. Travelers to all CHIKV endemic areas should protect against mosquito bites. In Germany, CHIKV surveillance will be continued to monitor ongoing importation of the virus and to detect early potential autochthonous cases.
Monitoring und Qualitätssicherung von Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung auf Bundesebene
Creators: name: Jordan, Susanne
name: Töppich, J.
name: Hamouda, Osamah
name: Rüden, U. Von
name: Mensink, Gert
name: Mann, R.
name: Hölling, Heike
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsberichterstattung
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Prävention
subject: Qualitätssicherung
subject: Surveillance
subject: Evaluation
subject: Monitoring
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Prevention
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Das Monitoring und die Qualitätssicherung zur Ermittlung des Bedarfs und der Wirksamkeit von Präventions- und Gesundheitsförderungsmaßnahmen gewinnen zunehmend an Bedeutung. Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt exemplarisch diesbezügliche Aktivitäten auf Bundesebene vor, die von der Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung und vom Robert Koch-Institut durchgeführt werden. Als Beispiele wurden die Präventionsthemen „HIV/Aids“, „Ernährung und Bewegung“ sowie „Kindergesundheit“ ausgewählt. Sie veranschaulichen die Rolle der epidemiologischen Surveillance, der Gesundheitsberichterstattung, der Evaluation und der Interventionsberichterstattung. Das Robert Koch-Institut und die Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung liefern sich ergänzende Informationen zur Gesundheits- und Interventionsberichterstattung auf Bundesebene. Mit ihren Berichten stellen sie der Politik Entscheidungsgrundlagen zur Verfügung, um nationale Gesundheitsziele und Aktionspläne evidenzbasiert zu formulieren, umzusetzen und zu evaluieren.
description: Monitoring and quality assurance are gaining in importance for the identification of needs and the effectiveness of prevention and health promotion activities. This paper presents examples of activities of monitoring and quality assurance at the federal level, carried out by the Federal Centre for Health Education and the Robert Koch Institute. Examples include the prevention issues “HIV/AIDS”, “nutrition and physical activity” and “child health”. They illustrate the roles of epidemiological surveillance, health monitoring, evaluation, and intervention reporting. The Robert Koch Institute and the Federal Centre for Health Education provide complementary information on health and intervention reporting at the federal level. With their reports, they provide essential information for health policy to formulate, to implement and to evaluate evidence-based national health goals and action plans.
sj-pdf-1-pul-10.1177_20458940211029550 - Supplemental material for Pulmonary hypertension associated with neurofibromatosis type 2
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Hirohisa
name: Takashima, Tomoya
name: Tu, Ly
name: Thuillet, Raphaël
name: Furukawa, Asuka
name: Furukawa, Yoshiko
name: Kawamura, Akio
name: Humbert, Marc
name: Guignabert, Christophe
name: Tamura, Yuichi
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cardiology
subject: 110203 Respiratory Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-pul-10.1177_20458940211029550 for Pulmonary hypertension associated with neurofibromatosis type 2 by Hirohisa Taniguchi, Tomoya Takashima, Ly Tu, Raphaël Thuillet, Asuka Furukawa, Yoshiko Furukawa, Akio Kawamura, Marc Humbert, Christophe Guignabert and Yuichi Tamura in Pulmonary Circulation
Additional file 1 of Drug utilization in patients starting haemodialysis with a focus on cardiovascular and antidiabetic medications: an epidemiological study in the Lazio region (Italy), 2016–2020
Creators: name: Kirchmayer, Ursula
name: Marino, Claudia
name: Feriozzi, Sandro
name: Massimetti, Carlo
name: Manzuoli, Micol
name: Angelici, Laura
name: Bargagli, Anna Maria
name: Cascini, Silvia
name: Addis, Antonio
name: Davoli, Marina
name: Agabiti, Nera
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Seropositivity of Lyme Borreliosis and Associated Risk Factors: A Population-Based Study in Children and Adolescents in Germany (KiGGS)
Creators: name: Dehnert, Manuel
name: Fingerle, Volker
name: Klier, Christiane
name: Talaska, Thomas
name: Schlaud, Martin
name: Krause, Gérard
name: Wilking, Hendrik
name: Poggensee, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsberichterstattung; Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionsepidemiologie
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Adolescent
subject: Humans
subject: Female
subject: Germany
subject: Male
subject: Prevalence
subject: Risk Factors
subject: Animals
subject: Child
subject: Seroepidemiologic Studies
subject: Infant
subject: Odds Ratio
subject: Regression Analysis
subject: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods
subject: Child Preschool
subject: Lyme Disease/epidemiology
subject: Borrelia burgdorferi/metabolism
subject: Immunoglobulin G/metabolism
subject: Lyme Disease/blood
subject: Lyme Disease/microbiology
subject: Ticks
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: Lyme borreliosis (LB) caused by spirochetes of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex is the most common tick-borne disease in the northern hemisphere. Data on the distribution and on risk factors in Germany are sketchy. Methodology/Principal Findings: Blood samples of a nationwide population-based cross-sectional study from 2003–2006 in children and adolescents aged 1 to 17 years in Germany (KiGGS) were analysed (n = 12,614) to assess the seroprevalence of anti-Borrelia antibodies. Data from standardized interviews were used to assess potential risk factors. First, sera were screened for anti-Borrelia antibodies by ELISA. The overall prevalence was 4.8% (95% confidence interval (CI) 4.3–5.4%). Positive and borderline ELISA test results were confirmed by a line blot revealing a combined prevalence of 4.0% (95% CI 3.6–4.5%). Seroprevalence of ELISA was significantly higher in males (odds ratio (OR) = 1.37; CI 1.15–1.63) and in the southern part of Germany (OR = 1.41; CI 1.09–1.83), but significantly lower in children and adolescents with migration background (OR = 0.33; CI 0.24–0.44). Study participants from households with cats had a higher chance of seropositivity (OR = 6.7; CI 5.6–8.0). In a multivariable model the odds of seropositivity increases by 11% for every year of age for boys and 6% for girls. Conclusions/Significance: This survey is the first nationwide, representative seroprevalence survey of LB in children and young adolescents. The study shows that infections with Borrelia burgdorferi are endemic in all parts of Germany despite regional differences. Even at a young age children are exposed to tick bites including seropositivity. Encouraging a thorough check for ticks and promptly removal of ticks are the key public health strategies to reduce the risk of LB and other tick-borne diseases in children and adolescents. Further epidemiological studies are warranted to better understand the burden of disease related to LB.
ENGINEERING GENETICALLY ENCODED FLUORESCENT BIOSENSORS TO STUDY THE ROLE OF MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION AND INFLAMMATION IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE
Creators: name: Norcross, Stevie
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biochemistry and cell biology not elsewhere classified
Proteins and peptides
Analytical spectrometry

description: Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a loss of dopaminergic neurons, where mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation are implicated in this process. However, the exact mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation leading to the onset and development of Parkinson’s disease are not well understood. There is a lack of tools necessary to dissect these mechanisms, therefore we engineered genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors to monitor redox status and an inflammatory signal peptide with high spatiotemporal resolution. To measure intracellular redox dynamics, we developed red-shifted redox sensors and demonstrated their application in dual compartment imaging to study cross compartmental redox dynamics in live cells. To monitor extracellular inflammatory events, we developed a family of spectrally diverse genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors for the inflammatory mediator peptide, bradykinin. At the organismal level, we characterized the locomotor effects of mitochondrial toxicant-induced dopaminergic disruption in a zebrafish animal model and evaluated a behavioral assay as a method to screen for dopaminergic dysfunction. Pairing our intracellular redox sensors and our extracellular bradykinin sensors in a Parkinson’s disease animal model, such as a zebrafish toxicant-induced model will prove useful for dissecting the role of mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation in Parkinson’s disease.
Characterisation of the Escherichia coli strain associated with an outbreak of haemolytic uraemic syndrome in Germany, 2011: a microbiological study
Creators: name: Bielaszewska, Martina
name: Mellmann, Alexander
name: Zhang, Wenlan
name: Köck, Robin
name: Fruth, Angelika
name: Bauwens, Andreas
name: Peters, Georg
name: Karch, Helge
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Humans
subject: Phylogeny
subject: Female
subject: Germany
subject: Polymerase Chain Reaction
subject: Disease Outbreaks
subject: Virulence
subject: Male
subject: Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome/microbiology
subject: Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli/genetics
subject: Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli/isolation & purification
subject: Microbial Sensitivity Tests
subject: Feces/microbiology
subject: Phenotype
subject: Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology
subject: Sequence Analysis DNA
subject: Escherichia coli Infections/epidemiology
subject: Multilocus Sequence Typing
subject: Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli/pathogenicity
subject: Diarrhea/microbiology
subject: Genome Bacterial
subject: Shiga Toxin 2/genetics
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: In an ongoing outbreak of haemolytic uraemic syndrome and bloody diarrhoea caused by a virulent Escherichia coli strain O104:H4 in Germany (with some cases elsewhere in Europe and North America), 810 cases of the syndrome and 39 deaths have occurred since the beginning of May, 2011. We analysed virulence profiles and relevant phenotypes of outbreak isolates recovered in our laboratory. Methods: We analysed stool samples from 80 patients that had been submitted to the National Consulting Laboratory for Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome in Münster, Germany, between May 23 and June 2, 2011. Isolates were screened with standard PCR for virulence genes of Shiga-toxin-producing E coli and a newly developed multiplex PCR for characteristic features of the outbreak strain (rfbO104, fliCH4, stx2, and terD). Virulence profiles of the isolates were determined with PCR targeting typical virulence genes of Shiga-toxin-producing E coli and of other intestinal pathogenic E coli. We sequenced stx with Sanger sequencing and measured Shiga-toxin production, adherence to epithelial cells, and determined phylogeny and antimicrobial susceptibility. Findings: All isolates were of the HUSEC041 clone (sequence type 678). All shared virulence profiles combining typical Shiga-toxin-producing E coli (stx2, iha, lpfO26, lpfO113) and enteroaggregative E coli (aggA, aggR, set1, pic, aap) loci and expressed phenotypes that define Shiga-toxin-producing E coli and enteroaggregative E coli, including production of Shiga toxing 2 and aggregative adherence to epithelial cells. Isolates additionally displayed an extended-spectrum β-lactamase phenotype absent in HUSEC041. Interpretation: Augmented adherence of the strain to intestinal epithelium might facilitate systemic absorption of Shiga toxin and could explain the high progression to haemolytic uraemic syndrome. This outbreak demonstrates that blended virulence profiles in enteric pathogens, introduced into susceptible populations, can have extreme consequences for infected people.
Archetypes Embodied, Then and Now
Creators: name: Spolsky, Ellen
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Psychology and literature
subject: Cognitive psychology

description: With the support of recent theorizing in evolutionary biology and anthropology, this essay refurbishes the term archetype for reuse, recognizing that it signals a painful cognitive failure. Examples are taken from The Terminator movies and pictures of the annunciation to Mary.
Safety assessment of brexanolone in the FAERS database: real adverse event analysis and discussion of side effects
Creators: name: Jin, Liuyin
name: Yang, Kaixia
name: Wu, Xiping
name: Zhang, Jing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Postpartum depression (PPD) is linked to hormonal changes. Brexanolone, the first FDA-approved drug for PPD, is a potential treatment. This study analyzes Brexanolone’s safety using the FAERS database, highlighting its adverse effects and potential risk factors. We analyzed FAERS data from Q3 2019 to Q3 2023, evaluating adverse reactions to Brexanolone. The analysis includes demographics, reporting regions, reporter identities, and types of adverse reactions. Most reports are from the United States, with consumers and physicians as primary reporters. Adverse reactions mainly involve severe systemic diseases, administration site reactions, injuries, intoxication, operational complications, and mental disorders. Specific adverse reactions include incorrect drug monitoring, PPD, intrusive thoughts, delayed treatment efficacy, sedation complications, product discontinuation, misuse, infusion site leakage and pain, and medication errors. The study confirms known safety information about Brexanolone and provides comprehensive data for medical practices and public health decisions. However, relying on spontaneous reports may introduce biases and incomplete information. Continued monitoring and reporting of adverse reactions to newer drugs like Brexanolone remain crucial.
Oral anticoagulants-induced intracranial hemorrhage: a real-world pharmacovigilance study over 2008–2024
Creators: name: Chen, Jiale
name: Wang, Ling
name: Chen, Guoquan
name: Peng, Wenxing
name: Hu, Wei
name: Guo, Hejian
name: Mao, KaiLi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study aims to review and describe the national post-market cases of oral anticoagulants (OACs)-induced intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) to enhance patient safety. All ICH cases of OACs as primary suspected medicines were extracted from the FAERS. The disproportionality analysis was utilized for signal detection. Subgroup analyses and logistic regression were conducted according to age, sex, weight, hypertension status, concomitant antiplatelet drugs, and indications. Stratification analysis was performed according to the ICH locations. In total 11,201 cases of OACs-induced ICH were identified from 2008Q1 to 2024Q1. The median time-to-onset (TTO) and median age for OAC-induced ICHs were 181 days and 75 years, respectively. Most potent positive signal was subdural hemorrhage in rivaroxaban and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), spinal cord hemorrhage in apixaban, hemorrhagic cerebellar infarction in edoxaban and extra-axial hemorrhage in dabigatran (IC025: 4.04, 5.00, 3.45, 6.09 and 3.51, respectively). After adjusting for confounding factors, lower ICH risks were observed in direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), compared to VKAs. DOACs demonstrated a robust lower risk of ICH compared with VKAs. Different OACs exhibited distinct risk profiles at different ICH sites. The majority of DOACs-induced ICH occurred within 5 months and in elderly patients.
Nurses' contacts and potential for infectious disease transmission
Creators: name: Bernard, Helen
name: Fischer, Richela
name: Mikolajczyk, Rafael T.
name: Kretzschmar, Mirjam
name: Wildner, Manfred
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionsepidemiologie
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Humans
subject: Germany
subject: Contact Tracing/methods
subject: Infectious Disease Transmission
subject: Nursing Staff
subject: Hospital
subject: Questionnaires
subject: Time Factors
subject: Communicable Diseases/transmission
subject: Cross Infection/transmission
subject: General Surgery
subject: Patient-to-Professional
subject: Internal Medicine
subject: Skin
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Nurses' contacts with potentially infectious persons probably place them at higher risk than the general population for infectious diseases. During an influenza pandemic, illness among nurses might result in staff shortage. We aimed to show the value of individual data from the healthcare sector for mathematical modeling of infectious disease transmission. Using a paper diary approach, we compared nurses' daily contacts (2-way conversation with >2 words or skin-to-skin contact) with those of matched controls from a representative population survey. Nurses (n = 129) reported a median of 40 contacts (85% work related), and controls (n = 129) reported 12 contacts (33% work related). For nurses, 51% of work-related contacts were with patients (74% involving skin-to-skin contact, and 63% lasted
Misconceptions in Comparative Study of Public Diplomacy: A U.S.-China Case Study
Creators: name: Pan, Liang
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: International relations
subject: Diplomatics

description: The study of public diplomacy often proceeds with an empirical approach, focusing on crafting policy instruments and measuring policy efficiency. But this approach tends to render descriptive and quantitative results. This paper contextualizes public diplomacy in theoretical terms, institutional structure, and policy priority, and points out three common misconceptions in comparison of U.S.-China public diplomacy. It means to draw attention to normative and qualitative approaches that should be applied to the fledging interdisciplinary study of public diplomacy.
Additional file 2 of Drug utilization in patients starting haemodialysis with a focus on cardiovascular and antidiabetic medications: an epidemiological study in the Lazio region (Italy), 2016–2020
Creators: name: Kirchmayer, Ursula
name: Marino, Claudia
name: Feriozzi, Sandro
name: Massimetti, Carlo
name: Manzuoli, Micol
name: Angelici, Laura
name: Bargagli, Anna Maria
name: Cascini, Silvia
name: Addis, Antonio
name: Davoli, Marina
name: Agabiti, Nera
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 2
Oral anticoagulants-induced intracranial hemorrhage: a real-world pharmacovigilance study over 2008-2024
Creators: name: Chen, Jiale
name: Wang, Ling
name: Chen, Guoquan
name: Peng, Wenxing
name: Hu, Wei
name: Guo, Hejian
name: Mao, KaiLi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study aims to review and describe the national post-market cases of Oral anticoagulants (OACs)-induced intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) to enhance patient safety. All ICH cases of OACs as primary suspected medicines were extracted from the FAERS. The disproportionality analysis was utilized to signal detection. Subgroup analyses and logistic regression were conducted according to age, sex, weight, hypertension status, concomitant antiplatelet drugs and indications. Stratification analysis was performed according to ICH locations. In total 11,201 cases of OACs-induced ICH were identified from 2008Q1 to 2024Q1. The median time-to-onset (TTO) and median age for OACs-induced ICH was 181 days and 75 years, respectively. Most potent positive signal was subdural hemorrhage in rivaroxaban and vitamin K antagonists (VKAs), spinal cord hemorrhage in apixaban, hemorrhagic cerebellar infarction in edoxaban and extra-axial hemorrhage in dabigatran (IC025: 4.04, 5.00, 3.45, 6.09 and 3.51, respectively). After adjusting for confounding factors, lower ICH risks were observed in direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), compared to VKAs. DOACs demonstrated a robust lower risk of ICH compared with VKAs. Different OACs exhibited distinct risk profiles at different ICH sites. The majority of DOACs-induced ICH occurred within 5 months and in elderly patients.
Additional file 3 of Drug utilization in patients starting haemodialysis with a focus on cardiovascular and antidiabetic medications: an epidemiological study in the Lazio region (Italy), 2016–2020
Creators: name: Kirchmayer, Ursula
name: Marino, Claudia
name: Feriozzi, Sandro
name: Massimetti, Carlo
name: Manzuoli, Micol
name: Angelici, Laura
name: Bargagli, Anna Maria
name: Cascini, Silvia
name: Addis, Antonio
name: Davoli, Marina
name: Agabiti, Nera
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 3
A SYSTEMATIC METHODOLOGY FOR FATIGUE ANALYSIS OF MACHINE ELEMENTS WITH CHARACTERIZED DYNAMIC LOADS
Creators: name: Mula, Rahul
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2019
Subjects: Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Fatigue analysis is essential for the optimization of products subjected to dynamic loads. However, a number of fatigue analysis theories have been developed, how to apply an established method in real-world product designs is not a trivial task. Most of small or medium sized enterprises (SMEs) still rely heavily on the experiments to evaluate the fatigue lives of products. Among existing fatigue design methods (i.e., experiments, analytical methods, and simulations), the simulation-based methods have the advantages of low cost, low risk environment and enable a designer to determine the accuracy and performance of a product design without building physical prototypes. Regarding the methodologies for fatigue analysis, some identified challenges are (1) the characterization of dynamic loads, (2) the formulation of finite element models which can be aligned with applications or testing scenarios, and (3) the verification and validation of simulations. To make a simulation-based fatigue analysis more practical for real-world product designs, the solutions to the aforementioned problems must be found. This thesis aims to establish a systematic methodology to perform the fatigue analysis for product design with any material, carbon steel material is used for the present case study to illustrate and verify the proposed methodology for fatigue analysis. Major tasks involved in this thesis study are: 1).The method for the characterization of dynamic loads. It is a numerical method to simulate the kinematic and dynamic behaviors subjected to the given motion, and it is expected to extract interacting dynamic forces of components to be analyzed. 2).The systematic method and procedure to formulate the problem of fatigue analysis as a finite element analysis model and find the solution of fatigue life of product.3).The procedure and approaches are developed to verify and validate fatigue analysis models and procedure used for the present case study.4).The parametric studies with a set of design variables to show the feasibility and flexibility of using simulation methods to evaluate the influence of multiple design variables on wheel products.
Additional file 4 of Drug utilization in patients starting haemodialysis with a focus on cardiovascular and antidiabetic medications: an epidemiological study in the Lazio region (Italy), 2016–2020
Creators: name: Kirchmayer, Ursula
name: Marino, Claudia
name: Feriozzi, Sandro
name: Massimetti, Carlo
name: Manzuoli, Micol
name: Angelici, Laura
name: Bargagli, Anna Maria
name: Cascini, Silvia
name: Addis, Antonio
name: Davoli, Marina
name: Agabiti, Nera
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 4
Safety assessment of ezetimibe: real-world adverse event analysis from the FAERS database
Creators: name: Han, Yuchen
name: Cheng, Siyuan
name: He, Jinzheng
name: Han, Shaojie
name: Zhang, Lishuai
name: Zhang, Mingzheng
name: Yang, Yang
name: Guo, Jun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Ezetimibe is known for its lipid-lowering safety and tolerability, but its real-world adverse effects have not been fully evaluated. In this study, adverse events associated with ezetimibe were investigated using the FAERS database for the period 2004 to 2023. Adverse events data for ezetimibe, spanning from the first quarter of 2004 to the fourth quarter of 2023, were standardized and analyzed using signal quantification methods like Reporting Odds Ratio (ROR), Proportional Reporting Ratio (PRR), Bayesian Confidence Propagation Neural Network (BCPNN), and Multi-item Gamma Poisson Shrinker (EBGM). Among 11,550 adverse drug events reports with ezetimibe as the primary suspect drug, 211 preferred terms (PTs) were identified across 24 different system organ classes (SOCs).Notably, in addition to the adverse reactions already specified in the instruction manual, unstable angina (n = 120, ROR 30.53(25.47–36.58), PRR 30.41(25.49–36.28), IC 4.9(4.64), EBGM 29.85(25.66)), crush syndrome(n = 19,ROR 298.83(182.95–488.09), PRR 298.65(182.96–487.49), IC 7.97(7.29),EBGM 251.12(166.57)), and autoscopy (n = 7, ROR 28.81(13.64–60.85), PRR 28.80(13.68–60.65), IC 4.82(3.81), EBGM 28.30(15.14))were new adverse reactions that emerged as strong signals. Ezetimibe is effective in lowering blood lipids, but there is a risk of adverse reactions such as unstable angina, rhabdomyolysis and autoscopy, which require careful monitoring by physicians.