Astrocystis cocoes Laessoe &amp; Spooner, Kew Bull.
Creators: name: Wu, You-Peng
name: Pi, Yin-Hui
name: Long, Si-Han
name: Lin, Yan
name: Long, Qing-De
name: Kang, Ji-Chuan
name: Kang, Ying-Qian
name: Shen, Xiang-Chun
name: Wijayawardene, Nalin N.
name: Zhang, Xu
name: Li, Qi-Rui
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Sordariomycetes
Xylariales
Xylariaceae
Astrocystis
Astrocystis cocoes

description: <i>Astrocystis cocoes</i> (Henn.) Laessøe &amp; Spooner, Kew Bull. 49(1): 27 (1994) (Fig. 6) ≡ <i>Rosellinia cocoes</i> Henn., Hedwigia 47(4): 256 (1908) MycoBank: MB580660 Saprobic on the surface of dead bamboo stalk, visible as black raised spots on the host. <b>Sexual morph</b>: <i>Stromata</i> erumpent, solitary or gregarious, not or somewhat confluent, black, carbonaceous, containing 1 ascoma, almost conical with a round apex, 0.4–0.6 mm diam., 0.5–0.8 mm high, with an outer stellate layer; persistent pale squamules from host cuticle, apex smooth and sometimes almost annulate with a minutely papillate ostiole. <i>Asci</i> 118–129 × 6.6–8.5 μm (mean 123 × 7.6 μm, n = 30), 8-spored, spore bearing part cylindrical, stipe short and tapering, apically rounded, with a discoid, subapical, J+ apical apparatus, with sides tapering to the base, blue staining in Melzer’s reagent, 2.4–3.5 μm (mean 2.8 μm, n = 30) high, 2.0–3.2 μm (mean 2.8 μm, n = 30) wide. <i>Ascospores</i> 18.1–22.8 × 5.5–6.0 μm (mean 19.8 × 6.2 μm, n = 30), overlapping uniseriate, aseptate, dark reddish brown, inequilaterally fusiform, with one or both ends beaked, flattened side slightly convex, with a germ slit on flattened side, less than full spore-length, with thin mucilaginous sheath and pad-like polar appendages. <b>Asexual morph</b>: undetermined. <b>Specimens examined:—</b> CHINA. Hainan Province: Wuzhishan City, Wuzhishan Nature Reserve (18.541959°N, 109.405444°E), elev. 767 m, on dead bamboo culms, 11 October 2020, Q.R. Li 2020WZS64-3 (GMB0037; KUN-HKAS 112701; living culture, GMBC0037). <b>Culture characteristics:—</b> Ascospores germinated on PDA within 24 hours at 25 °C, colonies, dense but thinning towards the edge, edge irregular, white from above, reverse similar in colour. No conidia were observed on PDA or OA media. <b>Habitat/Distribution:—</b> Known to inhabit dead bamboo, Brazil, China, India, Philippines. <b>Notes:—</b> <i>Astrocystis cocoes</i> was described on dead branches of <i>Cocos nucifera</i> (Laessøe &amp; Spooner 1994) collected from Philippines. Our new collection (GMB0037) morphologically resembles <i>A. cocoes</i>. <i>Astrocystis cocoes</i> is distinct from <i>A. sublimbata</i> by its size of ascospores (15–19 × 6.5–8.5 μm vs 17–22 × 7.5–9.5 μm). Moreover, the ascospores of <i>A. sublimbata</i> do not possess a mucilaginous sheath and pad-like polar appendages (Smith &amp; Hyde 2001). Phylogenetic analyses of the combined ITS, RPB2, β-tubulin and α-actin genes show that GMBC0037 groups with <i>A. cocoes</i> with high support (100% ML, 1.00 BYPP; Fig. 1). This is the first report of <i>A. cocoes</i> from China.
description: Published as part of <i>Wu, You-Peng, Pi, Yin-Hui, Long, Si-Han, Lin, Yan, Long, Qing-De, Kang, Ji-Chuan, Kang, Ying-Qian, Shen, Xiang-Chun, Wijayawardene, Nalin N., Zhang, Xu &amp; Li, Qi-Rui, 2021, Morphological and phylogenetic study of five species of Astrocystis and Collodiscula on bamboo, pp. 265-284 in Phytotaxa 522 (4)</i> on page 280, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.522.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5565846
description: {"references": ["Laessoe, T. &amp; Spooner, B. M. (1994) Rosellinia &amp; Astrocystis (Xylariaceae): new species and generic concepts. Kew Bulletin 49: 1 - 70. http: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 4110199", "Smith, G. &amp; Hyde, K. D. (2001) Fungi from palms. XLIX. Astrocystis, Biscogniauxia, Cyanopulvis, Hypoxylon, Nemania, Guestia, Rosellinia and Stilbohypoxylon. Fungal Diversity 7: 89 - 127. http: // doi. org / 10.1002 / yea. 733"]}