cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On an extremal problem for nonoverlapping domains *
Creators: name: Pchelintsev, Evgenii
name: Pchelintsev, Valerii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The paper considers the problem of finding the range of functional I = J f (z 0), f (z 0), F ($ζ$ 0), F ($ζ$ 0) , defined on the class M of pairs functions (f (z), F ($ζ$)) that are univalent in the system of the disk and the interior of the disk, using the method of internal variations. We establish that the range of this functional is bounded by the curve whose equation is written in terms of elliptic integrals, depending on the parameters of the functional I.
Getting to a Net Zero Energy Lifestyle in Canada: The Alstonvale Net Zero Energy House
Creators: name: Pogharian, S.
name: Ayoub, J.
name: Candanedo, J.A.
name: Athienitis, A.K.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: PV Systems
PV Applications in the Built Environment

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 3305-3311
description: The Government of Canada is funding the demonstration of twelve innovative homes under the EQuilibrium initiative that would strive to achieve net zero energy consumption by the house, a healthy indoor environment, reduced resource consumption, particulary water, reduced deleterious impacts on the environment; affordability to the target market, and repeatability throughout Canada. This paper describes the process undertaken by one of the houses - the Alstonvale Net Zero Energy House (ANZEH), which in addition to meeting the targets of the initiative, is proposing to go one step further as it strives towards net zero energy lifestyle by integrating efficient on-site food production methods to further reduce the household´s energy footprint, and incorporating, as the primary energy generation system, a 7 kW, building integrated, photovoltaic/thermal (BIPV/T) system on its roof to generate electricity and thermal energy, and of which 1.5 kW is dedicated to balancing the local transportation needs of the household, assuming an electric drive vehicle. The design and selection of the enrgy systems of the house is presented and discussed with particular emphasis on its BIPV/T system, heat pumps using BIPV/T solar-heated air as source to heat a thermal storage tank, and anticipatory control to optimize heat storage and reduce peak loads.
A Novel Concept Based on Thin Film Silicon Triple-Junction Solar Cells Simultaneously Generating Solar Electricity and Hydrogen
Creators: name: Abermann, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 321-323
description: The direct combination of a photovoltaic system with an energy storage component appears desirable since
it produces and stores electrical energy simultaneously, enabling it to compensate power generation fluctuations and
supply sufficient energy during low- or non-irradiation periods. A novel concept based on hydrogenated amorphous
silicon (a-Si:H) triple-junction solar cells, as for example a-Si:H/a-SiGe:H/nc-Si:H or a-Si:H/a-SiGe:H/a-SiGe:H, and a
solar water splitting system integrating a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolyser is presented. By means of
modeling and numerical computer simulation different combinations of a-Si/a-Si/a-Si device configurations have been
evaluated. Obtained results show that it is possible to achieve a sufficient voltage of greater than 1.5 V for effective water
splitting with the top dual junction of a triple junction a-Si based solar cell. Thus, the bottom cell may be used for
photovoltaic energy generation and the system itself can simultaneously generate solar electricity and hydrogen to
instantaneously deliver and store energy.
Dynamic Modelling and Control of a Robotic System Used in Spray Pyrolysis Deposition
Creators: name: Enescu, M.
name: Alexandru, C.
name: Tatu, I.N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 324-328
description: The purpose of this paper is to simulate a robotic control system in order to optimize the motion law
which results in uniform coating deposited by spray pyrolysis. The nozzle (end - effector of the robot) has two
translations, in longitudinal and transversal direction relative to the surface deposition. For simulating the real
behavior of the spraying system we developed the control system in the mechatronic concept using ADAMS/Controls
and MATLAB/Simulink. The mechanical model of the robotic system was developed by using the MBS (Multi-Body
Systems) environment ADAMS/View. For this study it was used a MIMO (Multi-Input Multi-Output) system with
six inputs (control torques) and twelve outputs (the angle and angular velocity). The main contribution of this paper is
the control of the robot in order to optimize the motion law for increase the uniformity of thin film. The virtual
prototype of the robotic system is a control loop consisted of multi-body mechanical model, which is connected with
the dynamic model of the drive unit and with the controller model. Film thickness depends on the distance between
spraying nozzle and substrate, substrate temperature and spraying rate.
$W^+W^-$ production at the LHC: fiducial cross sections and distributions in NNLO QCD
Creators: name: Grazzini, Massimiliano
name: Kallweit, Stefan
name: Pozzorini, Stefano
name: Rathlev, Dirk
name: Wiesemann, Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider QCD radiative corrections to $W^+W^-$ production at the LHC and present the first fully differential predictions for this process at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in perturbation theory. Our computation consistently includes the leptonic decays of the $W$ bosons, taking into account spin correlations, off-shell effects and non-resonant contributions. Detailed predictions are presented for the different-flavour channel $pp\toμ^+e^-ν_μ{\bar ν}_e+X$ at $\sqrt{s}=8$ and $13$ TeV. In particular, we discuss fiducial cross sections and distributions in the presence of standard selection cuts used in experimental $W^+W^-$ and $H\to W^+W^-$ analyses at the LHC. The inclusive $W^+W^-$ cross section receives large NNLO corrections, and, due to the presence of a jet veto, typical fiducial cuts have a sizeable influence on the behaviour of the perturbative expansion. The availability of differential NNLO predictions, both for inclusive and fiducial observables, will play an important role in the rich physics programme that is based on precision studies of $W^+W^-$ signatures at the LHC.
description: 40 pages, 23 figures, 6 tables
Quantum thermodynamics of periodically driven polaritonic systems
Creators: name: Ochoa, Maicol A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the energy distribution and quantum thermodynamics in periodically driven polaritonic systems in the stationary state at room temperature. Specifically, we consider an exciton strongly coupled to a harmonic oscillator and quantify the energy reorganization between these two systems and their interaction as a function of coupling strength, driving force, and detuning. After deriving the quantum master equation for the polariton density matrix with weak environment interactions, we obtain the dissipative time propagator and the long-time evolution of an equilibrium initial state. This approach provides direct access to the stationary state and overcomes the difficulties found in the numerical evolution of weakly damped quantum systems near resonance, also providing maps on the polariton lineshape. Then, we compute the thermodynamic performance during harmonic modulation and demonstrate that maximum efficiency occurs at resonance. We also provide an expression for the irreversible heat rate and numerically demonstrate that this agrees with the thermodynamic laws.
Optimizing nonadiabatic geometric quantum gates against off-resonance error by dynamical correction in a silicon-based spin qubit
Creators: name: Guo, Liu-Jun
name: Xu, Hai
name: Fang, Zi-Yu
name: Chen, Tao
name: Wei, Kejin
name: Zhang, Chengxian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geometric quantum gates are performed by using the geometric phase, making them particularly robust to the pulse amplitude error due to the intrinsic global property. However, in many systems, such as the silicon-based spin qubits, the off-resonance error is the dominant noise, which can cause dephasing and is always difficult to deal with for a geometric gate. Thus how to deal with the off-resonance error is very significant for the application of the geometric gates. A recent work in \emph{Phy. Rev. Appl. 16, 044005 (2021)} reveals that by inserting two $π$-pulse dynamically corrected sequences into the evolution paths, the holonomic quantum gate is effective to suppress the pulse amplitude error, however it is still useless for combating the off-resonance error. Inspired by this work, we combine using the techniques of dynamical correction and path design. Surprisingly, we find that by picking up a specific evolution path inserted by only a $π$-pulse dynamically corrected sequence, the obtained optimized geometric gate is robust to the off-resonance error, assuming the noise is static. Further, by calculating the filter function considering the realistic $1/f$-type noise in silicon, the related results show that the performance of the optimized geometric gate can also surpass both the conventional geometric gate and the naive dynamical gate constructed without using the geometric phase. Our results indicate dynamical correction is an powerful tool to improve the geometric gate.
description: 8 pages,5 figures
Instructional Goals and Grading Practices of Graduate Students after One Semester of Teaching Experience
Creators: name: Henderson, Charles
name: Marshman, Emily
name: Maries, Alexandru
name: Yerushalmi, Edit
name: Singh, Chandralekha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Teaching assistants (TAs) are often responsible for grading student solutions. Since grading communicates instructors' expectations, TAs' grading decisions play a crucial role in forming students' approaches to problem solving (PS) in physics. We investigated the change in grading practices and considerations of 18 first-year graduate students participating in a TA professional development (PD) course. The TAs were asked to state their beliefs about the purpose of grading, to grade a set of specially designed student solutions, and to explain their grading decisions. We found that after one semester of teaching experience and participation in PD, TAs did not significantly change their goals for grading (i.e., a learning opportunity for both the student and the instructor) or their grading practice. In addition, TAs' grading practice frequently did not align with their goals. However, some TAs' perceptions of the level of explication required in a student solution did change. Our findings suggest that in order for PD to help TAs better coordinate their goals with appropriate grading practices, PD should focus on TAs' perception of sufficient reasoning in student solutions.
Enhancing thermoelectric properties of isotope graphene nanoribbons via machine learning guided manipulation of disordered antidots and interfaces
Creators: name: Huang, Xiang
name: Ma, Shengluo
name: Wang, Haidong
name: Lin, Shangchao
name: Zhao, C. Y.
name: Wang, Hong
name: Ju, Shenghong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structural manipulation at the nanoscale breaks the intrinsic correlations among different energy carrier transport properties, achieving high thermoelectric performance. However, the coupled multifunctional (phonon and electron) transport in the design of nanomaterials makes the optimization of thermoelectric properties challenging. Machine learning brings convenience to the design of nanostructures with large degree of freedom. Herein, we conducted comprehensive thermoelectric optimization of isotopic armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) with antidots and interfaces by combining Green's function approach with machine learning algorithms. The optimal AGNR with ZT of 0.894 by manipulating antidots was obtained at the interfaces of the aperiodic isotope superlattices, which is 5.69 times larger than that of the pristine structure. The proposed optimal structure via machine learning provides physical insights that the carbon-13 atoms tend to form a continuous interface barrier perpendicular to the carrier transport direction to suppress the propagation of phonons through isotope AGNRs. The antidot effect is more effective than isotope substitution in improving the thermoelectric properties of AGNRs. The proposed approach coupling energy carrier transport property analysis with machine learning algorithms offers highly efficient guidance on enhancing the thermoelectric properties of low-dimensional nanomaterials, as well as to explore and gain non-intuitive physical insights.
Baryon Octet Electromagnetic Form Factors in a confining NJL model
Creators: name: Carrillo-Serrano, Manuel E.
name: Bentz, Wolfgang
name: Cloët, Ian C.
name: Thomas, Anthony W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic form factors of the baryon octet are studied using a Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model which utilizes the proper-time regularization scheme to simulate aspects of colour confinement. In addition, the model also incorporates corrections to the dressed quarks from vector meson correlations in the t-channel and the pion cloud. Comparison with recent chiral extrapolations of lattice QCD results shows a remarkable level of consistency. For the charge radii we find the surprising result $r_{E}^p < r_{E}^{Σ^+}$ and $|r_{E}^n| < |r_{E}^{Ξ^0}|$, whereas the magnetic radii have a pattern largely consistent with a naive expectation based on the dressed quark masses.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Connecting Localization and Wall-Crossing via D-Branes
Creators: name: Chang, Chih-Kai
name: Chen, Heng-Yu
name: Jain, Dharmesh
name: Lee, Norton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate explicitly that the vacuum expectation values (vevs) of BPS line operators in 4d N=2 super Yang-Mills theory compactified on a circle, computed by localization techniques, can be expanded in terms of Darboux coordinates as proposed by Gaiotto, Moore, and Neitzke [arXiv:1006.0146]. However, we need to refine the expansion by including additional novel monopole bubbling contributions to obtain a precise match. Using D-brane realization of these singular BPS line operators, we derive and incorporate the monopole bubbling contributions as well as predict the degeneracies of framed BPS states contributing to the line operator vevs in the limit of vanishing simultaneous spatial and R-symmetry rotation fugacity parameter.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures
Impact of Potential Barriers at Grain Boundaries of Multi Crystalline Silicon Wafers on Inductively Coupled Resistivity Measurements
Creators: name: Spitz, M.
name: Rein, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 338-343
description: Base resistance and emitter sheet resistance are two of the most important process control parameters
in solar cell manufacturing, which may be measured inductively. On mono-crystalline silicon, measurement accuracy
of this contactless inline technique has already been demonstrated. In this work the investigation of measurement
accuracy is extended to multi-crystalline silicon (mc-Si) and reveals for base resistance measurements severe
measurement artifacts of up to a factor 2 upon chemical standard treatments, such as damage etching and acidic
texturization. The investigation identifies potential barriers at grain boundaries as reason for these artifacts which
form upon chemical treatments and further increase with storage time after such chemical steps. It is found that these
potential barriers vanish almost completely after thermal treatments, such as a standard emitter diffusion. As a
consequence, the emitter sheet resistance calculated from the inductive sheet resistances before and after emitter
diffusion may be significantly underestimated if the presumed base resistance is overestimated. Taking into account
that mc-Si wafers are almost not affected by potential barriers in the as-cut state, we develop a patented procedure
which allows reliable emitter sheet resistance measurements in mc-Si wafers irrespective of the presence of potential
barriers before diffusion.
High precision measurement of the $^6$He half-life
Creators: name: Kanafani, M.
name: Fléchard, X.
name: Naviliat-Cuncic, O.
name: Chung, G. D.
name: Leblond, S.
name: Liénard, E.
name: Mougeot, X.
name: Quéméner, G.
name: Di Filippo, A. Simancas
name: Thomas, J-C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The half-life of $^{6}$He has been measured using a low energy radioactive beam implanted in a YAP scintillator and recording decay events in a 4$π$ geometry. Events were time-stamped with a digital data acquisition system enabling a reliable control of dead-time effects and detector gain variations. The result, $T_{1/2} = (807.25 \pm 0.16_{\rm stat} \pm 0.11_{\rm sys}$)~ms, provides the most precise value obtained so far and is consistent with the only previous measurement having a precision smaller than 0.1%. This resolves the longstanding discrepancy previously observed between two sets of measurements.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures
An Optimisation Study of the Copper Ribbon for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Interconnections
Creators: name: Hammam, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3329-3335
description: A cost optimisation study of the tin alloy-coated copper ribbons soldered onto the screen-printed
busbars of the crystalline silicon solar cell was performed. The electrical loss, the material cost and the cost for the
inactive area, i.e. metal-covered area and the area between the cells, were optimised for a number of different
parameters. The electricity loss was valued equal to the cost to produce electricity from a solar module. The optimum
number of ribbons per solar cell (156 x 156 mm) was six ribbons in this study. Increased number of ribbons per cell
from three (standard today) to six will also enable industrial screen/stencil printing of 40 μm wide and 4 μm thick
fingers while reducing the amount of silver by 50%. Further cost reduction can be achieved when the width of the
solar cell is included in the optimisation. A reduced width of the solar cell from 156 mm to 39 mm results in a
reduction of the optimal cross-section area of the ribbons by 65 %, which will reduce significantly the mechanical
stress on the silicon cell and the shadowing of the solar cell.
Quantifying the Solderability of Lead Free Solder Alloys on Solar Cells Using Wetting Balance Analyzer
Creators: name: Wendt, J.
name: Köhler, M.
name: Träger, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3298-3301
description: Solderability is a major aspect to be considered in module manufacturing. To understand the effects
governing the soldering process it is necessary to understand the solderability as a system. It is composed of the
suitability of the materials, the feasibility of the process and the reliability of the interconnection. For determining the
suitability of involved materials, we recommend using a wetting balance analyzer. In the first part of the paper, we show
how the analyzer works. We explain the experimental setup and which boundary conditions affect the results. The size of
the test samples should be defined and identical. The number of measurements with one piece of solder should not be too
large. Generously fluxing both cell and solder is very important to achieve trustable results. An exemplary series of
measurements is given to explain how to handle them. To prove the suitability of the system, we show the differences in
wetting of three different alloys. A standard SnPbAg and two lead free alloys: SnAgCu and SnBi. Additionally we show
how different kinds of flux influence the wetting behaviour of SnAgCu alloy.
Universal Corner Symmetry and the Orbit Method for Gravity
Creators: name: Ciambelli, Luca
name: Leigh, Robert G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A universal symmetry algebra organizing the gravitational phase space has been recently found. It corresponds to the subset of diffeomorphisms that become physical at corners -- codimension-$2$ surfaces supporting Noether charges. It applies to both finite distance and asymptotic corners. In this paper, we study this algebra and its representations, via the coadjoint orbit method. We show that generic orbits of the universal algebra split into sub-orbits spanned by finite distance and asymptotic corner symmetries, such that the full universal symmetry algebra gives rise to a unified treatment of corners in a manifold. We then identify the geometric structure that captures these algebraic properties on corners, which is the Atiyah Lie algebroid associated to a principal $GL(2,\mathbb{R})\ltimes \mathbb{R}^2$-bundle. This structure is suggestive of the existence of a novel quantum gravitational theory which would unitarily glue such geometric structures, with spacetime geometries appearing as semi-classical configurations.
description: V2, published version (NPB)
Product-Integrated PV - Innovative Design Methods for PV-Powered Products
Creators: name: Reinders, A.H.M.E.
name: De Boer, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: PV Systems
Off-grid Applications

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 3321-3324
description: Given the high potential of PV technology to reduce the environmental impact of electricity use of products, it would be worthwhile to advance the integration of PV systems in mass produced products. We assume that the use of carefully chosen and applied industrial design methods can help to better integrate PV technology in products Therefore, in this paper, we will assess how industrial design methods might favor the development of product-integrated PV applications. In our project product designers have conceptually designed 17 products with integrated PV cells. The application of industrial design methods (IDMs) resulted in a broad range of innovative PV-powered product concepts varying from small products, like electronic handhelds to big-sized objects such as building-integrated PV elements. Seventeen PV-powered products were evaluated on the innovative effect of the use of industrial design methods on product-integrated PV applications. In our paper two products are illustrated in relation to the application of design methods.
Fully Industrial Bifacial Solar Cells with Selective Emitters
Creators: name: Hoces, I.
name: Azkona, N.
name: Pérez, L.
name: Recart, F.
name: Jimeno, J.C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1974-1977
description: The purpose of this paper is to report the development of a bifacial cell process for CZ silicon. This is
an in-line process simple and totally industrial suitable to manufacture thin bifacial solar cells. Screen printing
techniques have been selected to create both emitters and metal contacts for its low cost to be used in industrial large
production lines. Key points are the creation of a phosphorus selective emitter and the optimization of the firing point
for the boron emitter using a Ag-Al-Si alloy screen printable paste to reduce shunting and avoid bowing while
contacting boron emitters for thin cells. Good performance has been achieved before metallizing for both p+nn+ and
n+pp+ structures respectively leading to Voc>616 mV and tb>500 μs with n and p-type CZ substrates (120 μm) with
resistivities ranging from 1 to 6 F·cm. Further experiments led to p+nn+ cells showing Voc>597 mV, Jsc~27 mA/cm2,
with acceptable series resistance of 0.8 Ω.cm2 (taking into account we deal with bifacial cells), FF>0.74 and front
efficiencies better than 12 % without a SiNx coating.
HiFormer: Hierarchical Multi-scale Representations Using Transformers for Medical Image Segmentation
Creators: name: Heidari, Moein
name: Kazerouni, Amirhossein
name: Soltany, Milad
name: Azad, Reza
name: Aghdam, Ehsan Khodapanah
name: Cohen-Adad, Julien
name: Merhof, Dorit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been the consensus for medical image segmentation tasks. However, they suffer from the limitation in modeling long-range dependencies and spatial correlations due to the nature of convolution operation. Although transformers were first developed to address this issue, they fail to capture low-level features. In contrast, it is demonstrated that both local and global features are crucial for dense prediction, such as segmenting in challenging contexts. In this paper, we propose HiFormer, a novel method that efficiently bridges a CNN and a transformer for medical image segmentation. Specifically, we design two multi-scale feature representations using the seminal Swin Transformer module and a CNN-based encoder. To secure a fine fusion of global and local features obtained from the two aforementioned representations, we propose a Double-Level Fusion (DLF) module in the skip connection of the encoder-decoder structure. Extensive experiments on various medical image segmentation datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of HiFormer over other CNN-based, transformer-based, and hybrid methods in terms of computational complexity, and quantitative and qualitative results. Our code is publicly available at: https://github.com/amirhossein-kz/HiFormer
description: The accepted version of the paper at WACV 2023
A High-Accuracy Method for Evaluating Photovoltaic-Panel Power Loss under Outdoor Conditions
Creators: name: Nakamura, A.
name: Kohno, T.
name: Tsuchiya, R.
name: Morikawa, K.
name: Suzuki, K.
name: Miyazaki, S.
name: Nakamura, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3360-3363
description: In this paper, a method for quantitatively calculating the relationship between the power loss of
photovoltaic (PV) panel and the resistance (Rs) of its parasitic series resistors, which is the main factor causing faults
in PVs at outdoor condition, is proposed. This proposed method can simply estimate power loss of series-connected
PV panels without using solar-simulator at indoor standard test condition. It focuses on power loss when a bypass
diode in the PV panel turns on. To evaluate the accuracy of the proposed method, the current-voltage (I-V)
characteristics of poly-silicon PV panels in an outdoor environment were evaluated. The comparison results show
that the normalized power loss determined from measurements under a standard test condition agrees well with that
calculated by proposed method within an error of 3.0%.
Exotic Quarks in Twin Higgs Models
Creators: name: Cheng, Hsin-Chia
name: Jung, Sunghoon
name: Salvioni, Ennio
name: Tsai, Yuhsin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Twin Higgs model provides a natural theory for the electroweak symmetry breaking without the need of new particles carrying the standard model gauge charges below a few TeV. In the low energy theory, the only probe comes from the mixing of the Higgs fields in the standard model and twin sectors. However, an ultraviolet completion is required below ~ 10 TeV to remove residual logarithmic divergences. In non-supersymmetric completions, new exotic fermions charged under both the standard model and twin gauge symmetries have to be present to accompany the top quark, thus providing a high energy probe of the model. Some of them carry standard model color, and may therefore be copiously produced at current or future hadron colliders. Once produced, these exotic quarks can decay into a top together with twin sector particles. If the twin sector particles escape the detection, we have the irreducible stop-like signals. On the other hand, some twin sector particles may decay back into the standard model particles with long lifetimes, giving spectacular displaced vertex signals in combination with the prompt top quarks. This happens in the Fraternal Twin Higgs scenario with typical parameters, and sometimes is even necessary for cosmological reasons. We study the potential displaced vertex signals from the decays of the twin bottomonia, twin glueballs, and twin leptons in the Fraternal Twin Higgs scenario. Depending on the details of the twin sector, the exotic quarks may be probed up to ~ 2.5 TeV at the LHC and beyond 10 TeV at a future 100 TeV collider, providing a strong test of this class of ultraviolet completions.
description: 43 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
Development of High-Efficiency Silicon Solar Cell by Applying Rear Dielectric Passivation with the Optimized Contacts Using Screen-Printed Al Paste
Creators: name: Guo, H.-W.
name: Mishra, R.
name: Zhang, Z.
name: Mungekar, H.
name: Frei, M.
name: Yin, H.
name: Zhu, S.
name: He, S.
name: Jin, J.
name: Li, Y.
name: Shan, W.
name: Paak, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1948-1950
description: Passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC) has been shown to be one of the promising approaches to
continue cell efficiency increase in the PV industry. The rear surface of PERC is mostly covered with a dielectric
film directly on the p-type substrate to provide electrical passivation and improve light trapping. Electrical contact is
then created at the contact hole through this passivation layer. A cost effective manufacturing process is presented by
depositing a SiOx/SiNx stack as the passivation layer and forming contact holes via laser. The experimental data
demonstrated the gain in both short-circuit current density (Jsc=1.3mA/cm2) and open-circuit voltage
(Voc=10mV). Next, PC1D simulations with analytical models were characterized with these data, and further
provide the guidance to drive 1% gain in cell efficiency.
A Novel Potential Featuring Off-Center Circular Orbits
Creators: name: Olshanii, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Book 1, Proposition 7, Problem 2 of his 1687 Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, Isaac Newton poses and answers the following question: Let the orbit of a particle moving in a central force field be an off-center circle. How does the magnitude of the force depend on the position of the particle onthat circle? In this article, we identify a potential that can produce such a force, only at zero energy. We further map the zero-energy orbits in this potential to finite-energy free motion orbits on a sphere; such a duality is a particular instance of a general result by Goursat, from 1887. The map itself is an inverse stereographic projection, and this fact explains the circularity of the zero-energy orbits in the system of interest. Finally, we identify an additional integral of motion - an analogue of the Runge-Lenz vector in the Coulomb problem - that is responsible for the closeness of the zero-energy orbits in our problem.
Microscopic Near Infrared (NIR) Investigation of the Fundamental Abrasion Process in Wire Sawing of Silicon
Creators: name: Johnsen, L.
name: Armada, S.N.
name: Gastinger, K.
name: Espallargas, N.
name: Simonsen, O.
name: Aksnes, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 333-337
description: The abrasive process in multi wire sawing of silicon wafers is studied. The two competing sawing
processes, slurry based sawing and diamond coated wire sawing, both involve the interaction between the hard
cutting particles and silicon surface. This paper presents in situ investigations of the interaction between a diamond
Vickers indenter and the silicon surface. The investigations are performed with a near infrared high resolution
imaging low coherence interferometer setup. In situ images of the indent is presented and a mod-2π phase map of the
indent with chipping are presented together with an ex situ infinite focus 3D measurement of the same indent. A first
attempt on quantifying the chipping volume from the in situ interferometric measurement are also presented.
Grading Practices and Considerations of Graduate Students at the Beginning of their Teaching Assignment
Creators: name: Yerushalmi, Edit
name: Marshman, Emily
name: Maries, Alexandru
name: Henderson, Charles R.
name: Singh, Chandralekha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Research shows that expert-like approaches to problem-solving can be promoted by encouraging students to explicate their thought processes and follow a prescribed problem-solving strategy. Since grading communicates instructors' expectations, teaching assistants' grading decisions play a crucial role in forming students' approaches to problem-solving in physics. We investigated the grading practices and considerations of 43 graduate teaching assistants (TAs). The TAs were asked to grade a set of specially designed student solutions and explain their grading decisions. We found that in a quiz context, a majority of TAs noticed but did not grade on solution features which promote expert-like approaches to problem-solving. In addition, TAs graded differently in quiz and homework contexts, partly because of how they considered time limitations in a quiz. Our findings can inform professional development programs for TAs.
Topological pressure of proper map
Creators: name: Ma, Dongkui
name: Fan, Nuanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Based on the Carathéodory -Pesin structure theory[11], we introduce three notions of topological pressure of a proper map and provide some properties of these notions. For the proper map of a locally compact separable metric space, we prove some variational principles and give some applications. These are the extensions of results of Pesin, Takens and Verbiski, etc.
Impurity Analysis in Wet Chemical Baths in PV Processes
Creators: name: Oltersdorf, A.
name: Bayer, M.
name: Zimmer, M.
name: Rentsch, J.
name: Rein, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1961-1964
description: The monitoring of chemical solutions is an important factor for quality control in industrial high
efficiency cell processing. In the solar cell industry, the possible contamination of wet chemical baths for texturing
and cleaning with trace impurities has not yet been studied intensively. Questions concerning the desired bath purity
or the maximum impurity load of the cleaning bath can only be answered empirically. In this paper the acidic texture
bath is monitored by impurity analysis with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES)
during the etching of upgraded metallurgical grade (umg)-mc-silicon. A further researched point is the influence of
iron on the texture behaviour in the acidic texture bath and the consequence on the silicon surface contamination
degree. The texture behaviour is investigated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the surface concentration
was analysed with droplet collection/atomic absorption spectrometry (DC/AAS).
Graded modules with Noetherian graded second spectrum
Creators: name: Salam, Saif
name: Al-Zoubi, Khaldoun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $R$ be a $G$ graded commutative ring and $M$ be a $G$-graded $R$-module. The set of all graded second submodules of $M$ is denoted by $Spec_G^s(M)$ and it is called the graded second spectrum of $M$. In this paper, we discuss graded rings with Noetherian graded prime spectrum and obtain some conclusions. In addition, we introduce the notion of the graded Zariski socle of graded submodules and explore their properties. Using these conclusions and properties, we also investigate $Spec_G^s(M)$ with the Zariski topology from the viewpoint of being a Noetherian space and give some related outcomes.
The Kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect with Projected Fields II: prospects, challenges, and comparison with simulations
Creators: name: Ferraro, Simone
name: Hill, J. Colin
name: Battaglia, Nick
name: Liu, Jia
name: Spergel, David N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) signal is a powerful probe of the cosmic baryon distribution. The kSZ signal is proportional to the integrated free electron momentum rather than the electron pressure (which sources the thermal SZ signal). Since velocities should be unbiased on large scales, the kSZ signal is an unbiased tracer of the large-scale electron distribution, and thus can be used to detect the "missing baryon" that evade most observational techniques. While most current methods for kSZ extraction rely on the availability of very accurate redshifts, we revisit a method that allows measurements even in the absence of redshift information for individual objects. It involves cross-correlating the square of an appropriately filtered cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature map with a projected density map constructed from a sample of large-scale structure tracers. We show that this method will achieve high signal-to-noise when applied to the next generation of high-resolution CMB experiments, provided that component separation is sufficiently effective at removing foreground contamination. Considering statistical errors only, we forecast that this estimator can yield $S/N \approx $ 3, 120 and over 150 for Planck, Advanced ACTPol, and hypothetical Stage-IV CMB experiments, respectively, in combination with a galaxy catalog from WISE, and about 20% larger $S/N$ for a galaxy catalog from the proposed SPHEREx experiment. This work serves as a companion paper to the first kSZ measurement with this method, where we used CMB temperature maps constructed from Planck and WMAP data, together with galaxies from the WISE survey, to obtain a 3.8 - 4.5$σ$ detection of the kSZ$^2$ amplitude.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures. Comments welcome
19% Efficiency Module Based on Roth&Rau Heterojunction Solar Cells and Day4™ Energy Module Concept
Creators: name: Papet, P.
name: Efinger, R.
name: Bram Sadlik, B.
name: Andrault, Y.
name: Bätzner, D.
name: Lachenal, D.
name: Strahm, B.
name: Wahli, G.
name: Wuensch, F.
name: Frammelsberger, W.
name: Stein, W.
name: Rubin, L.
name: Schmutz, W.
name: Buechel, A.
name: Rau, B.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3336-3339
description: The photovoltaic technology is evolving rapidly with new concepts and ideas to systematically reduce
cost and improve efficiency. Roth & Rau AG has started in 2008 a R&D project with the goal to provide tools and
processes for mass production of hetero junction technology (HJT) based solar cells. Three years later, HJT solar
cells with efficiencies of 20% have been produced on 238cm2 Cz-Si wafers by Roth &Rau team and the process
transfer to mass production size tools is processing. This paper focuses on the module integration of HJT solar cells
with the Day4™ module concept. The Day4TM cell interconnection technology offers attractive advantages to
standard technology: reduction of resistive losses in front metallization, up to 60% savings in silver paste
consumption and reduced mechanical stress on cells during the module encapsulation. The successful combination of
these two technologies is reported in this paper. Results for a four cell HJT mini module with efficiency of 19.3% are
presented (ISE CalLab certified).
Two-loop three-gluon vertex from the Curci-Ferrari model and its leading infrared behavior to all loop orders
Creators: name: Barrios, Nahuel
name: Peláez, Marcela
name: Reinosa, Urko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the three-gluon vertex with one vanishing external momentum within the Curci-Ferrari (CF) model at two-loop order and compare our results to Landau-gauge lattice simulations of the same vertex function for the SU(2) and SU(3) gauge groups in four dimensions. The parameters of the model being adjusted by fitting the two-point functions to lattice data, our evaluation of the three-gluon vertex arises as a pure prediction. We find that two-loop corrections systematically improve the agreement between the model and the lattice data as compared to earlier one-loop calculations, with a better agreement in the SU(3) case, as already seen in previous studies [1,2]. We also analyze the renormalization scheme dependence of our calculation. In all cases, this dependence diminishes when two-loop corrections are included, which is consistent with the perturbative CF paradigm. In addition, we study the low momentum regime of the three-gluon vertex in relation with the possibility of zero-crossing. Within the CF model, we show that the leading infrared behavior of the exact vertex is given by the same linear logarithm that arises at one-loop order, multiplied by the all orders cubic ghost dressing function at zero-momentum (we provide similar exact results for other vertex functions). We argue that this property remains true within the FP framework under the assumption that the resummed gluon propagator features a decoupling behavior. This shows that the zero-crossing is a property of the exact three-gluon vertex function. Within the CF model, we find however that the scale of the zero-crossing is considerably reduced when going from one- to two-loop order. This seems consistent with some recent lattice simulations [3]. Our analysis also allows us to support recent claims about the dominance of the tree-level tensor component [4].
description: 25 pages, 11 figures
Coupling vs decoupling approaches for PDE/ODE systems modeling intercellular signaling
Creators: name: Carraro, Thomas
name: Friedmann, Elfriede
name: Gerecht, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider PDE/ODE systems for the simulation of intercellular signaling in multicellular environments. The intracellular processes for each cell described here by ODEs determine the long-time dynamics, but the PDE part dominates the solving effort. Thus, it is not clear if commonly used decoupling methods can outperform a coupling approach. Based on a sensitivity analysis, we present a systematic comparison between coupling and decoupling approaches for this class of problems and show numerical results. For biologically relevant configurations of the model, our quantitative study shows that a coupling approach performs much better than a decoupling one.
Relationship of Spectral Irradiance Distribution and Average Photon Energy for Analyzing the Impact of Solar Spectrum on Photovoltaic Module Performance
Creators: name: Minemoto, T.
name: Yamasaki, K.
name: Takakura, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3345-3348
description: To analyze the impact of solar spectral irradiance distribution on the outdoor performance of
photovoltaic modules, an index for the spectral distribution is needed. Average photon energy (APE) which
represents the average energy per photons included in a spectrum is one of these. The spectral distribution is twodimensional
quantity, and APE calculated from the spectral distribution is one-dimensional quantity. One APE value
is always determined from one spectrum shape, but one APE value does not necessarily determine the spectrum
shape. Before using APE as the index, the relationship between APE and spectrum shape has to be analyzed. In this
study, the outdoor measurement data of solar spectrums with the wavelength range of 350-1050 nm was analyzed for
verifying the uniqueness of APE and spectrum shape. The spectrums were recorded every one minute by spectroradiometer
installed at Kusatsu-city, Japan. The tilt angle and azimuth of the spectro-radiometer is 15.3 degree and
due south. The data period used for this analysis is one year. The comparison of the spectral distribution of solar
spectrums indexed as the same APE values showed that the spectrum shapes are quite similar. These results
demonstrate that APE is a suitable index for representing solar spectrum.