cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The complexity of heterogeneity in real-world networks
Creators: name: Serafino, Matteo
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2021

description: Many real-world phenomena are characterized by complex structures. Modeling and detecting these architectures is of paramount importance to understand the dynamics of the considered systems and to consciously intervene on them. The COVID-19 pandemic is, in this sense, a telling example. One common feature of these complex structures is the heterogeneity of the node connectivity of the underlying network. This heterogeneity is one of the main culprits of the ongoing pandemic. In this thesis, we introduce a method capable of uncovering complex networks’ heterogeneous structures when finite-size effects hide the latter. Larger heterogeneity in the network structure leads to a smaller epidemic threshold. It is not a coincidence that policymakers worldwide are trying to reduce this heterogeneity (employing lockdowns and other less restrictive measurements) to stop the spread of the virus. We show that a macro-quarantine followed by a micro-quarantine can help in this direction. For this scope, we introduce an algorithm that is able to track super-spreaders. Notably, the same algorithm can be used to define an optimized strategy for vaccinations. Similarly to a virus, information continuously spreads on social networks. By combining Machine Learning and network theory techniques, we develop an algorithm able to discover what “social users” think about a particular topic—a sort of social listener, an AI alternative to traditional polls.
Feedback Synthesis for Controllable Underactuated Systems using Sequential Second Order Actions
Creators: name: Mamakoukas, Giorgos
name: MacIver, Malcolm A.
name: Murphey, Todd D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper derives nonlinear feedback control synthesis for general control affine systems using second-order actions---the needle variations of optimal control---as the basis for choosing each control response to the current state. A second result of the paper is that the method provably exploits the nonlinear controllability of a system by virtue of an explicit dependence of the second-order needle variation on the Lie bracket between vector fields. As a result, each control decision necessarily decreases the objective when the system is nonlinearly controllable using first-order Lie brackets. Simulation results using a differential drive cart, an underactuated kinematic vehicle in three dimensions, and an underactuated dynamic model of an underwater vehicle demonstrate that the method finds control solutions when the first-order analysis is singular. Moreover, the simulated examples demonstrate superior convergence when compared to synthesis based on first-order needle variations. Lastly, the underactuated dynamic underwater vehicle model demonstrates the convergence even in the presence of a velocity field.
description: 9 pages
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.1 (début XIIIe siècle), Cart. 166 (11 H 64), 136 folios, f. 0064r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.1 (début XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 166 (11 H 64), 136 folios, f. 0064r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.1 (début XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 166 (11 H 64), 136 folios, f. 0064r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
A Determination of the Hubble Constant from Cepheid Distances and a Model of the Local Peculiar Velocity Field
Creators: name: Willick, Jeffrey A.
name: Batra, Puneet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a measurement of the Hubble Constant based on Cepheid distances to 27 galaxies within 20 Mpc. We take the Cepheid data from published measurements by the Hubble Telescope Key Project on the Distance Scale (H0KP). We calibrate the Cepheid Period-Luminosity (PL) relation with data from over 700 Cepheids in the LMC obtained by the OGLE collaboration; we assume an LMC distance modulus of 18.50 mag (d=50.1 kpc). Using this PL calibration we obtain new distances to the H0KP galaxies. We correct the redshifts of these galaxies for peculiar velocities using two distinct velocity field models: the phenomenological model of Tonry et al. and a model based on the IRAS density field and linear gravitational instability theory. We combine the Cepheid distances with the corrected redshifts for the 27 galaxies to derive H_0, the Hubble constant. The results are H_0 = 85 +/- 5 km/s/Mpc (random error) at 95% confidence when the IRAS model is used, and 92 +/- 5 km/s/Mpc when the phenomenological model is used. The IRAS model is a better fit to the data and the Hubble constant it returns is more reliable. Systematic error stems mainly from LMC distance uncertainty which is not directly addressed by this paper. Our value of H_0 is significantly larger than that quoted by the H0KP, H_0 = 71 +/- 6 km/s/Mpc. Cepheid recalibration explains ~30% of this difference, velocity field analysis accounts for ~70%. We discuss in detail possible reasons for this discrepancy and future study needed to resolve it.
description: 33 pages, 8 embedded figures. New table, 5 new references, text revisions
An introduction to inflation and cosmological perturbation theory
Creators: name: Sriramkumar, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article provides an introductory review of inflation and cosmological perturbation theory. I begin by motivating the need for an epoch of inflation during the early stages of the radiation dominated era, and describe how inflation is typically achieved using scalar fields. Then, after an overview of linear cosmological perturbation theory, I derive the equations governing the perturbations, and outline the generation of the scalar and the tensor perturbations during inflation. I illustrate that slow roll inflation naturally leads to an almost scale invariant spectrum of perturbations, a prediction that seems to be in remarkable agreement with the measurements of the anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background. I describe the constraints from the recent observations on some of the more popular models of inflation. I conclude with a brief discussion on the status and certain prospects of the inflationary paradigm.
description: Revtex, 19 pages, 3 figures, Invited review for Current Science
Sampling techniques applicable for the characterization of the quality of self pulsations in semiconductor lasers
Creators: name: Radziunas, Mindaugas
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Self pulsations
subject: quality
subject: locking
subject: jitter
subject: 78-04
subject: 78-01
subject: 78A55

description: The aim of the presented report is to demonstrate how the sampling techniques can be used to characterize the quality of self pulsations in a multi-section semiconductor laser and the synchronization of self pulsations with an optical or electrical periodically modulated signal. The developed tools are described and some examples are given.
Bounds on the growth of high Sobolev norms of solutions to Nonlinear Schrodinger Equations on $S^1$
Creators: name: Sohinger, Vedran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider Nonlinear Schrodinger type equations on $S^1$. In this paper, we obtain polynomial bounds on the growth in time of high Sobolev norms of their solutions. The key is to derive an iteration bound based on a frequency decomposition of the solution. This iteration bound is different than the one used earlier in the work of Bourgain, and is less dependent on the structure of the nonlinearity. We first look at the defocusing NLS equation with nonlinearity of degree $\geq 5$. For the quintic NLS, Bourgain derives stronger bounds using different techniques. However, our approach works for higher nonlinearities, where the techniques of Bourgain don't seem to apply. Furthermore, we study variants of the defocusing cubic NLS in which the complete integrability is broken. Among this class of equations, we consider in particular the Hartree Equation, with sufficiently regular convolution potential. For most of the equations that come from modifying the defocusing cubic NLS, we obtain better bounds than for the other equations due to the fact that we can use higher modified energies as in the work of the I-Team.
description: 56 pages, Revised version; Accepted, Differential and Integral Equations
Elderly Care in the 21st Century : A Critical Review of its Importance, Challenges and Recommendations in India and Globally.
Creators: name: Pateriya, Srijan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 480403
subject: Law and humanities
classificationCode: 350507
subject: Workplace wellbeing and quality of working life

description: The aging population is a global phenomenon, and India is no exception. With over 138 million elderly persons (aged 60 years and above) accounting for about 10% of the total population, India faces significant challenges in providing adequate elderly care. This review paper aims to highlight the importance of elderly care, the challenges faced in providing elderly care in India, and compare the elderly care system in India with other countries. The paper also provides recommendations for improving elderly care in India. The findings suggest that the challenges of elderly care in India are influenced by socio-cultural changes, economic dependency, inadequate healthcare infrastructure, and lack of specialized geriatric services. Although the government has implemented several schemes and programs for the welfare of the elderly population, there is still a significant gap in the availability and accessibility of comprehensive elderly care services in India. Compared to developed countries and some Asian countries like Japan, India lags behind in the provision of comprehensive elderly care services. To address these challenges, it is recommended to strengthen community-based services, improve access to healthcare services, and enhance the financial security of the elderly. Implementing these recommendations effectively will contribute to improving the quality of life of the elderly in India.
title: Ubykh2, listeXX
Creators: name: Michailovsky, Boyd
name: Dumézil, Georges
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Ubykh
subject: uby

description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
Model-based cluster analysis applied to flow cytometry data of phytoplankton
Creators: name: Mucha, Hans-Joachim
name: Simon, Ute
name: Brüggemann, Rainer
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: cluster analysis
subject: K-means
subject: data mining
subject: principal components analysis
subject: freshwater ecology
subject: phytoplankton
subject: flow cytometry
subject: 62-07
subject: 62H30
subject: 62H25

description: Starting from well-known model-based clustering models equivalent formulations for some special models based on pairwise distances are presented. Moreover, these models can be generalized in order to taking into account both weights of observations and weights of variables. Well-known cluster analysis techniques like the iterative partitional K-means method or the agglomerative hierarchical Ward method are useful for discovering partitions or hierarchies in the underlying data. Here these methods are generalised in two ways, firstly by using weighted observations and secondly by allowing different volumes of clusters. Then a more general K-means approach based on pair-wise distances is recommended. Simulation studies are carried out in order to compare the new clustering techniques with the well-known ones. Afterwards a successful application in the field of freshwater ecology is presented. As an example, the cluster analysis of a snapshot from monitoring of phytoplankton (algae) is considered in more detail. Indeed, monitoring by microscope is very time- and work-consuming. Flow cytometry provides the opportunity to investigate algae communities in a semiautomatic way. Statistical data analysis and cluster analysis can at least support the investigations. Here a combination of agglomerative hierarchical clustering and iterative clustering is recommended. In order to give some insight into the data under investigation several univariate, bivariate and multivariate visualizations are proposed.
Bounds on the growth of high Sobolev norms of solutions to Nonlinear Schrodinger Equations on $\mathbb{R}$
Creators: name: Sohinger, Vedran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we consider the cubic nonlinear Schrodinger equation, and the Hartree equation, with sufficiently regular convolution potential, both on the real line. We are interested in bounding the growth of high Sobolev norms of solutions to these equations. Since the cubic NLS is completely integrable, it makes sense to bound only the fractional Sobolev norms of solutions, whose initial data is of restricted smoothness. For the Hartree equation, we consider all Sobolev norms. For both equations, we derive our results by using an appropriate frequency decomposition. In the case of the cubic NLS, this method allows us to recover uniform bounds on the integral Sobolev norms, up to a factor of $t^{0+}$. For the Hartree equation, we use the same method as in our previous work on $S^1$, and the improved Strichartz estimate to obtain a better bound than we previously obtained in the periodic setting.
description: 35 pages, Revised version
Shell model Monte Carlo calculations for Dy-170
Creators: name: Dean, D. J.
name: Koonin, S. E.
name: Lang, G. H.
name: Radha, P. B.
name: Ormand, W. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first auxiliary field Monte Carlo calculations for a rare earth nucleus, Dy-170. A pairing plus quadrupole Hamiltonian is used to demonstrate the physical properties that can be studied in this region. We calculate various static observables for both uncranked and cranked systems and show how the shape distribution evolves with temperature. We also introduce a discretization of the path integral that allows a more efficient Monte Carlo sampling.
description: 11 pages, figures available upon request, Caltech Preprint No. MAP-163
Locating privileged spreaders on an Online Social Network
Creators: name: Borge-Holthoefer, Javier
name: Rivero, Alejandro
name: Moreno, Yamir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Social media have provided plentiful evidence of their capacity for information diffusion. Fads and rumors, but also social unrest and riots travel fast and affect large fractions of the population participating in online social networks (OSNs). This has spurred much research regarding the mechanisms that underlie social contagion, and also who (if any) can unleash system-wide information dissemination. Access to real data, both regarding topology --the network of friendships-- and dynamics --the actual way in which OSNs users interact--, is crucial to decipher how the former facilitates the latter's success, understood as efficiency in information spreading. With the quantitative analysis that stems from complex network theory, we discuss who (and why) has privileged spreading capabilities when it comes to information diffusion. This is done considering the evolution of an episode of political protest which took place in Spain, spanning one month in 2011.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
The Dynamics of Protest Recruitment through an Online Network
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Bailon, Sandra
name: Borge-Holthoefer, Javier
name: Rivero, Alejandro
name: Moreno, Yamir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The recent wave of mobilizations in the Arab world and across Western countries has generated much discussion on how digital media is connected to the diffusion of protests. We examine that connection using data from the surge of mobilizations that took place in Spain in May 2011. We study recruitment patterns in the Twitter network and find evidence of social influence and complex contagion. We identify the network position of early participants (i.e. the leaders of the recruitment process) and of the users who acted as seeds of message cascades (i.e. the spreaders of information). We find that early participants cannot be characterized by a typical topological position but spreaders tend to me more central to the network. These findings shed light on the connection between online networks, social contagion, and collective dynamics, and offer an empirical test to the recruitment mechanisms theorized in formal models of collective action.
description: Main text: 20 pages, 4 figures; Supplementary Information: 17 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
Entrograms and coarse graining of dynamics on complex networks
Creators: name: Faccin, Mauro
name: Schaub, Michael T.
name: Delvenne, Jean-Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C82

description: Using an information theoretic point of view, we investigate how a dynamics acting on a network can be coarse grained through the use of graph partitions. Specifically, we are interested in how aggregating the state space of a Markov process according to a partition impacts on the thus obtained lower-dimensional dynamics. We highlight that for a dynamics on a particular graph there may be multiple coarse grained descriptions that capture different, incomparable features of the original process. For instance, a coarse graining induced by one partition may be commensurate with a time-scale separation in the dynamics, while another coarse graining may correspond to a different lower-dimensional dynamics that preserves the Markov property of the original process. Taking inspiration from the literature of Computational Mechanics, we find that a convenient tool to summarise and visualise such dynamical properties of a coarse grained model (partition) is the entrogram. The entrogram gathers certain information-theoretic measures, which quantify how information flows across time steps. These information theoretic quantities include the entropy rate, as well as a measure for the memory contained in the process, i.e., how well the dynamics can be approximated by a first order Markov process. We use the entrogram to investigate how specific macro-scale connection patterns in the state-space transition graph of the original dynamics result in desirable properties of coarse grained descriptions. We thereby provide a fresh perspective on the interplay between structure and dynamics in networks, and the process of partitioning from an information theoretic perspective. We focus on networks that may be approximated by both a core-periphery or a clustered organization, and highlight that each of these coarse grained descriptions can capture different aspects of a Markov process acting on the network.
description: 17 pages, 6 figues
title: Ubykh2, listeXXI
Creators: name: Michailovsky, Boyd
name: Dumézil, Georges
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Ubykh
subject: uby

description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
From Branes to Branes
Creators: name: Khoze, Valentin V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the `branes within branes' approach to study the appearance of stable $ (p-2)-branes and unstable (p-1)-branes in type II string theory from p-brane--p-antibrane pairs.Our goal is to describe the emergence of these lower dimensional branes from brane-antibrane pairs in string theory using a tractable gauge theory language. This is achieved by suspending the original p-brane--p-antibrane pair between two (p+2)-branes, and describing its dynamics in terms of the worldvolume gauge theory on the spectator (p+2)-branes. Instantons, monopoles, sphalerons and their higher-dimensional generalizations in this worldvolume gauge theory correspond to stable (BPS) and unstable (non-BPS) branes in string theory. Collisions of stable branes with corresponding antibranes and production of lower-dimensional branes in string theory are described in a straightforward way in gauge theory. Tachyonic modes on the p-brane--p-antibrane worldvolume do not appear in our analysis since we work on the worldvolume of the spectator (p+2)-branes. Our results on brane descent relations are in agreement with Sen's tachyon condensation approach.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures, references added
Black media producers of Austin, Texas : critical media production and design as active citizenship
Creators: name: Vasudevan, Krishnan
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2017
Subjects: Race
Design
Technology
Critical race theory
Voice
Black media production
Critical media production
Black activism
Black citizen producers
Black media activists
Austin Black activists

description: The latest epoch of Black activism in the United States has emerged in response to the brutal treatment of Black citizens at the hands of law enforcement. Digital production software and networks have allowed Black citizen media producers to circumvent traditional authorities of knowledge production such as news media and have also engendered pathways to develop new and counter knowledge about racial and social inequality. This three part immersive study based on nearly 900 hours of field research examines the lives and work of nine Black activist media makers in Austin, Texas and develops thick description through ethnography, critical discourse analysis and methods of visual anthropology. Austin provides a unique context for this study given its historical segregation of Black residents and recent gentrification during its rise as a cultural and economic juggernaut. This study makes theoretical contributions to critical race theory and political voice along with developing nuanced ideas about citizenship, journalism and design
Discretisation of the Maxwell equations on tetrahedral grids
Creators: name: Schefter, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: microwave device
subject: simulation
subject: Maxwell's equations
subject: 65F15
subject: 65N22

description: The aim of this report is to describe the discretisation of the Maxwell equations on tetrahedral grids with corresponding dual Voronoi cells to explain the resulting program. The symmetry of the coefficients of the matrix is proven. A small example shows an input file and same other details.
Abundances of Stars in the Galactic Bulge Obtained Using the Keck Telescope
Creators: name: Rich, R. M.
name: McWilliam, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on detailed abundances of giants in the Galactic bulge, measured with the HIRES echelle spectrograph on the 10-m Keck telescope. We also review other work on the bulge field population and globular clusters using Keck/HIRES. Our new spectra have 3 times the resolution and higher S/N than previous spectra obtained with 4m telescopes. We are able to derive $\log g$ from Fe II lines and excitation temperature from Fe I lines, and do not rely on photometric estimates for these parameters. We confirm that the iron abundance range extends from -1.6 to +0.55 dex. The improved resolution and S/N of the Keck spectra give [Fe/H] typically 0.1 to 0.2 dex higher than previous studies of bulge stars more metal rich than the Sun. Alpha elements are enhanced even for stars at the Solar metallicity (as is the case for bulge globular clusters). We confirm our earlier abundance ananlysis of bulge giants and find that Mg and Ti are enhanced relative to Ca and Si even up to [Fe/H]=+0.55. We also resport the first reliable estimates of the bulge oxygen abundance. Our element ratios confirm that bulge giants have a clearly identifiable chemical signature and suggest a rapid formation timescale for the bulge.
description: 12 pages, 6 postscript figures, uses spie.sty, to appear in Discoveries and Research Prospects from 8--10-Meter-Class Telescopes, Jacqueline Bergeron, Editor, Proceedings of the SPIE vol. 4005, 2000
On the representation of $k$-free integers by binary forms
Creators: name: Stewart, C. L.
name: Xiao, Stanley Yao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11N32, 11E76

description: Let $F$ be a binary form with integer coefficients, non-zero discriminant and degree $d$ with $d$ at least $3$ and let $r$ denote the largest degree of an irreducible factor of $F$ over the rationals. Let $k$ be an integer with $k \geq 2$ and suppose that there is no prime $p$ such that $p^k$ divides $F(a,b)$ for all pairs of integers $(a,b)$. Let $R_{F,k}(Z)$ denote the number of $k$-free integers of absolute value at most $Z$ which are represented by $F$. We prove that there is a positive number $C_{F,k}$ such that $R_{F,k}(Z)$ is asymptotic to $C_{F,k} Z^{\frac{2}{d}}$ provided that $k$ exceeds $ \frac{7r}{18}$ or $(k,r)$ is $(2,6)$ or $(3,8)$.
description: 25 pages, revised. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1605.03427
TetGen, A Quality Tetrahedral Mesh Generator and Three-Dimensional Delaunay Triangulator, v1.3 User's Manual
Creators: name: Si, Hang
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: tetrahedral mesh
subject: quality mesh generation
subject: boundary mesh generation
subject: Delaunay tetrahedralization
subject: constrained Delaunaytetrahedralization
subject: 65N50

description: TetGen is a quality tetrahedral mesh generator and 3-dimensional Delaunay triangulator. Based on the the-state-of-the-art algorithms for Delaunay tetrahedralization and mesh generation, this program has been specifically designed to fulfill the task of automatically generating high quality tetrahedral meshes, which are suitable for scientific computing using numerical methods such as finite element and finite volume methods. The purpose of this document is to give a brief explanation of the problems solved by TetGen and to provide a detailed user's documentation. In this document, the user will learn how to create tetrahedral meshes using TetGen's input files and command line switches. In the following section, the programming interface of TetGen for calling TetGen from another program is explained. Various examples are given to simplify the ``getting started''.
Monte Carlo Simulation of a Model of Water
Creators: name: Maggs, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate TIP3P water using a constrained Monte Carlo algorithm to generate electrostatic interactions eliminating the need to sum over long ranged Coulomb interactions. We study discretization errors when interpolating charges using splines and Gaussians. We compare our implementation to molecular dynamics and Brownian dynamics codes.
description: 4 pages 2 figures
title: Ubykh2, listeXXII
Creators: name: Michailovsky, Boyd
name: Dumézil, Georges
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Ubykh
subject: uby

description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
Free Isotropic-Nematic Interfaces in Fluids of Charged Platelike Colloids
Creators: name: Bier, Markus
name: Harnau, Ludger
name: Dietrich, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bulk properties and free interfaces of mixtures of charged platelike colloids and salt are studied within density-functional theory. The particles are modeled by hard cuboids with their edges constrained to be parallel to the artesian axes corresponding to the Zwanzig model. The charges of the particles are concentrated in their center. The density functional is derived by functional integration of an extension of the Debye-Hückel pair distribution function with respect to the interaction potential. For sufficiently small macroion charges, the bulk phase diagrams exhibit one isotropic and one nematic phase separated by a first-order phase transition. With increasing platelet charge, the isotropic and nematic binodals are shifted to higher densities. The Donnan potential between the coexisting isotropic and nematic phases is inferred from bulk structure calculations. Non-monotonic density and nematic order parameter profiles are found at a free interface interpolating between the coexisting isotropic and nematic bulk phases. Moreover, electrically charged layers form at the free interface leading to monotonically varying electrostatic potential profiles. Both the widths of the free interfaces and the bulk correlation lengths are approximately given by the Debye length. For fixed salt density, the interfacial tension decreases upon increasing the macroion charge.
description: 11 pages, submitted to J. Chem. Phys
Justifications for the study of computers on the curriculum: neo-vocational ideology veiled in progressive educational discourse
Creators: name: McGarr, Oliver
name: Engen, Bård Ketil
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education

description: Interest in the study of computer technology in schools (often in the form of Computer Science subjects or coding initiatives) is seen to have undergone two waves of interest, one in the late 1970s/early 1980s and the other more recently since about 2010. Through a historical exploration of the rationales for the study of computer technology in schools in both the first wave and the second wave, this paper aimed to explore the various curriculum ideologies underpinning their justification. In doing so, the paper highlights the chameleon-like nature of this change agenda in aligning with contemporary trends to advance the study of computer technology on the curriculum. The paper argues that current manifestations of the study of computer technology in schools are at odds with broader curriculum reform goals and international policies and raises questions about students' access to such knowledge.
title: 03_0818
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Probing new physics through $B^*_s \rightarrow μ^+ μ^-$ decay
Creators: name: Kumar, Dinesh
name: Saini, Jyoti
name: Gangal, Shireen
name: Das, Sanjeeda Bharati
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a model independent analysis of new physics in $B^*_s \rightarrow μ^+ μ^-$ decay. We intend to identify new physics operator(s) which can provide large enhancement in the branching ratio of $B^*_s \rightarrow μ^+ μ^-$ above its standard model prediction. For this, we consider new physics in the form of vector, axial-vector, scalar and pseudoscalar operators. We find that scalar and pseudoscalar operators do not contribute to the branching ratio of $B^*_s \rightarrow μ^+ μ^-$. We perform a global fit to all relevant $b \to s μ^+ μ^-$ data for different new physics scenarios. For each of these scenarios, we predict $Br(B^*_s \rightarrow μ^+ μ^-)$. We find that a significant enhancement in $Br(B^*_s \rightarrow μ^+ μ^-)$ is not allowed by any of these new physics operators. In fact, for all new physics scenarios providing a good fit to the data, the branching ratio of $B^*_s \rightarrow μ^+ μ^-$ is suppressed as compared to the SM value. Hence the present $b \to s μ^+ μ^-$ data indicates that the future measurements of $Br(B^*_s \rightarrow μ^+ μ^-)$ is expected to be suppressed in comparison to the standard model prediction.
description: 10 pages, no figures
An Introduction to Supersymmetric Gauge Theories and Matrix Models
Creators: name: Argurio, Riccardo
name: Ferretti, Gabriele
name: Heise, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an introduction to the recently established connection between supersymmetric gauge theories and matrix models. We begin by reviewing previous material that is required in order to follow the latest developments. This includes the superfield formulation of gauge theories, holomorphy, the chiral ring, the Konishi anomaly and the large N limit. We then present both the diagrammatic proof of the connection and the one based on the anomaly. Our discussion is entirely field theoretical and self contained.
description: 78 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, V2: eq. (148) corrected; minor changes in Sect. 5; 2 Refs. added, V3: 1 Ref added, V4: eqs. (126) and (257) corrected
Caveats of mean first-passage time methods applied to the crystallization transition: effects of non-Markovianity
Creators: name: Jungblut, S.
name: Dellago, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the crystallization transition in a Lennard-Jones fluid as example, we show that mean first-passage time based methods may underestimate the reaction rates. We trace the reason of this deficiency back to the non-Markovian character of the dynamics caused by the projection to a poorly chosen reaction coordinate. The non-Markovianity of the dynamics becomes apparent in the behavior of the recurrence times.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Efficient Solvers for Sparse Subspace Clustering
Creators: name: Pourkamali-Anaraki, Farhad
name: Folberth, James
name: Becker, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sparse subspace clustering (SSC) clusters $n$ points that lie near a union of low-dimensional subspaces. The SSC model expresses each point as a linear or affine combination of the other points, using either $\ell_1$ or $\ell_0$ regularization. Using $\ell_1$ regularization results in a convex problem but requires $O(n^2)$ storage, and is typically solved by the alternating direction method of multipliers which takes $O(n^3)$ flops. The $\ell_0$ model is non-convex but only needs memory linear in $n$, and is solved via orthogonal matching pursuit and cannot handle the case of affine subspaces. This paper shows that a proximal gradient framework can solve SSC, covering both $\ell_1$ and $\ell_0$ models, and both linear and affine constraints. For both $\ell_1$ and $\ell_0$, algorithms to compute the proximity operator in the presence of affine constraints have not been presented in the SSC literature, so we derive an exact and efficient algorithm that solves the $\ell_1$ case with just $O(n^2)$ flops. In the $\ell_0$ case, our algorithm retains the low-memory overhead, and is the first algorithm to solve the SSC-$\ell_0$ model with affine constraints. Experiments show our algorithms do not rely on sensitive regularization parameters, and they are less sensitive to sparsity misspecification and high noise.
description: This paper is accepted for publication in Signal Processing
Fourth order moments of nonnegative measures on S² and applications
Creators: name: Francfort, Gilles
name: Franc╠ºois  Murat
name: Tartar, Luc
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Abstract: "We characterize the set of fourth order moments of a nonnegative measure on S┬▓. This question is motivated by problems of homogenization in linearized elasticity. As a consequence the minimum number of layering directions for generating general anisotropic, transversely isotropic or isotropic multilayered media is found. A key ingredient is a result about the decomposition of some nonnegative polynomials into sums of squares of polynomials; this particular result is due to Hilbert (1888)."
Quasi Experimental Design for Health Psychology
Creators: name: Singh, Ajit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111501 Basic Pharmacology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Health psychology is a branch of psychology which studies the psychology of the patient’s behaviour, the role of psychic factors in the origin and development of the diseases, the psychology of relationships between doctor, staff and patient, as well as the use of a psychological approach in their assessment and treatment in medical practice. Nowadays, researchers in Health psychology are interested in applied psychology issues conducting research on how patients are treated in hospital, how social factors influence the behaviour of an individual patient, how to motivate health workers to perform at a higher level etc. These research questions cannot be answered by lab experiments as one has to go to the field and the real life situation like the classroom etc., to find answers to the research issues mentioned above. Thus, the quasi-experimental research came into existence. Quasi-experimental research eliminates the directionality problem because it involves the manipulation of the independent variable. It does not eliminate the problem of confounding variables, however, because it does not involve random assignment to conditions. For these reasons, quasi-experimental research is generally higher in internal validity than correlational studies but lower than true experiments. Quasi-experimental research design can be more easily implemented in natural settings and one can make direct assessment of subjects, find out the effects of a specific treatment introduced by the researcher, and while doing so the researcher can also minimise the influence of extraneous variables. In this paper, the quasi - experimental design is discussed for health psychology.
title: Ubykh2, listeXXIII
Creators: name: Michailovsky, Boyd
name: Dumézil, Georges
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Ubykh
subject: uby

description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
Setting the agenda on air pollution : examining the traditional and social media agendas and their relationships 2011-2015
Creators: name: Zheng, Pei
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2017
Subjects: Air pollution
PM2.5
Agenda-setting
Authoritarian environmentalism
Traditional media
Social media
Weibo
Granger’s causality

description: Under the theoretical frameworks of agenda-setting and authoritarian environmentalism , this dissertation examined traditional and social media agendas on the air pollution issue in China from 2011 to 2015. It adopted Granger’s causality analysis to test the causal relationships among four traditional media outlets (N = 1,147), six types of actors on the Chinese social media platform called Weibo (N = 4,045), and between agendas of traditional media outlets and social media actors. The results showed most of news stories were framed under “publicity and government trust” frame between 2011 and 2012, and under “war on pollution” and “science” frames after 2013. Government officials, environmental scientists and researchers dominated media sources. The state-owned media, People’s Daily, set the agenda for other local and commercial media outlets. Agendas on social media were fragmented with media setting the agenda for NGOs and verified individual’s accounts. Agenda-setting effects existed only between traditional media and media’s Weibo accounts, and between traditional media and verified individuals’ Weibo accounts. The agendas of ordinary people on Weibo were independent of the agendas other social media actors and of traditional media. The opinion leaders on Weibo were mostly business leaders and celebrities. This dissertation is the first study to provide a holistic view and clear trajectory of agendas on air pollution over five years. It explained authoritarian environmentalism from a media perspective and contributed to agenda-setting theory by capturing the fragmented nature of the social media agenda. Methodologically, this dissertation advanced existing study by applying a computer-assisted social media data collection method and conducting a more rigorous causality analysis called Granger’s causality.
Cluster-based Generalized Multiscale Finite Element Method for elliptic PDEs with random coefficients
Creators: name: Chung, Eric T.
name: Efendiev, Yalchin
name: Leung, Wing Tat
name: Zhang, Zhiwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a generalized multiscale finite element method (GMsFEM) based on clustering algorithm to study the elliptic PDEs with random coefficients in the multi-query setting. Our method consists of offline and online stages. In the offline stage, we construct a small number of reduced basis functions within each coarse grid block, which can then be used to approximate the multiscale finite element basis functions. In addition, we coarsen the corresponding random space through a clustering algorithm. In the online stage, we can obtain the multiscale finite element basis very efficiently on a coarse grid by using the pre-computed multiscale basis. The new GMsFEM can be applied to multiscale SPDE starting with a relatively coarse grid, without requiring the coarsest grid to resolve the smallest-scale of the solution. The new method offers considerable savings in solving multiscale SPDEs. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method for several multiscale stochastic problems without scale separation.
Faster k-Medoids Clustering: Improving the PAM, CLARA, and CLARANS Algorithms
Creators: name: Schubert, Erich
name: Rousseeuw, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Clustering non-Euclidean data is difficult, and one of the most used algorithms besides hierarchical clustering is the popular algorithm Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM), also simply referred to as k-medoids. In Euclidean geometry the mean-as used in k-means-is a good estimator for the cluster center, but this does not hold for arbitrary dissimilarities. PAM uses the medoid instead, the object with the smallest dissimilarity to all others in the cluster. This notion of centrality can be used with any (dis-)similarity, and thus is of high relevance to many domains such as biology that require the use of Jaccard, Gower, or more complex distances.
 A key issue with PAM is its high run time cost. We propose modifications to the PAM algorithm to achieve an O(k)-fold speedup in the second SWAP phase of the algorithm, but will still find the same results as the original PAM algorithm. If we slightly relax the choice of swaps performed (at comparable quality), we can further accelerate the algorithm by performing up to k swaps in each iteration. With the substantially faster SWAP, we can now also explore alternative strategies for choosing the initial medoids. We also show how the CLARA and CLARANS algorithms benefit from these modifications. It can easily be combined with earlier approaches to use PAM and CLARA on big data (some of which use PAM as a subroutine, hence can immediately benefit from these improvements), where the performance with high k becomes increasingly important.
 In experiments on real data with k=100, we observed a 200-fold speedup compared to the original PAM SWAP algorithm, making PAM applicable to larger data sets as long as we can afford to compute a distance matrix, and in particular to higher k (at k=2, the new SWAP was only 1.5 times faster, as the speedup is expected to increase with k).