cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Emitting electrons spectra and acceleration processes in the jet of Mrk 421: from low state to giant flare state
Creators: name: Yan, Dahai
name: Zhang, Li
name: Yuan, Qiang
name: Fan, Zhonghui
name: Zeng, Houdun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the electron energy distributions (EEDs) and the acceleration processes in the jet of Mrk 421 through fitting the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) in different active states in the frame of a one-zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model. After assuming two possible EEDs formed in different acceleration models: the shock accelerated power-law with exponential cut-off (PLC) EED and the stochastic turbulence accelerated log-parabolic (LP) EED, we fit the observed SEDs of Mrk 421 in both low and giant flare states by using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method which constrains the model parameters in a more efficient way. Our calculating results indicate that (1) the PLC and LP models give comparably good fits for the SED in low state, but the variations of model parameters from low state to flaring can be reasonably explained only in the case of the PLC in low state; and (2) the LP model gives better fits compared to the PLC model for the SED in flare state, and the intra-day/night variability observed at GeV-TeV bands can be accommodated only in the LP model. The giant flare may be attributed to the stochastic turbulence re-acceleration of the shock accelerated electrons in low state. Therefore, we may conclude that shock acceleration is dominant in low state, while stochastic turbulence acceleration is dominant in flare state. Moreover, our result shows that the extrapolated TeV spectra from the best-fit SEDs from optical through GeV with the two EEDs are different. It should be considered in caution when such extrapolated TeV spectra are used to constrain extragalactic background light (EBL) models.
description: Accepted by ApJ
title: Riderly waves of networked textual improvisation: an interview with Mark Marino, Catherine Podeszwa, Joellyn Rock, and Rob Wittig
Creators: name: Nacher, Anna
name: Rock, Joellyn
name: Wittig, Rob
name: Podeszwa, Cathy
name: Marino, Mark
Publisher: name: Electronic Book Review
Year: 2022

description: Anna Nacher chats with Mark Marino, Cathy Podeszwa, Joellyn Rock, and Rob Wittig—artists, designers, and new media theorists all—to discuss the impetus and impact of their long-running netprov collaborations (communal and improvisational creative writing conducted online). Interview conducted October 2022.
Scarabaeidae as human food ‒ A comprehensive review
Creators: name: Siddiqui, S.A.
name: Ampofo, K.A.
name: Dery, E.K.
name: Eddy-Doh, A.M.
name: Castro-Muñoz, R.
name: Pushpalatha, M.
name: Fernando, I.
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 309999
subject: Other agricultural, veterinary and food sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Rising global population and sustainable protein demand have sparked interest in unique food sources. Entomophagy, or insect consumption, presents a solution and Scarab beetles, part of the Scarabaeidae family, offer a novel food option. The comprehensive review underscores their potential as human food, with strong nutrition, low environmental impact, and the ability to ease strain on conventional agriculture. Nutritional analysis reveals rich protein content, essential amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. Scarab beetles' beneficial fatty acid profile and healthy fats position them as a superior protein source to traditional livestock. Scarabaeidae excel in feed conversion, emit fewer greenhouse gases, and require minimal land, establishing them as an ecologically sustainable protein source. Cultural attitudes towards insect consumption vary; history exists in some regions while skepticism prevails in others. Highlighting nutritional advantages, organizing outreach, and introducing processed scarab products could enhance acceptance. The review addresses challenges including mass rearing, processing, allergens, and toxins. Evolving insect-based food regulations require cautious consideration. Success depends on multidisciplinary efforts including nutrition, environmental sustainability, cultural openness, and regulatory alignment. Continued research and collaboration are essential to fully unlock Scarabaeidae's potential as a sustainable, nutritious food source for our growing global population.
A Combinatorial Approach to Quantum Error Correcting Codes
Creators: name: Luna, German
name: Reid, Samuel
name: De Sanctis, Bianca
name: Gheorghiu, Vlad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94C15

description: Motivated from the theory of quantum error correcting codes, we investigate a combinatorial problem that involves a symmetric $n$-vertices colourable graph and a group of operations (colouring rules) on the graph: find the minimum sequence of operations that maps between two given graph colourings. We provide an explicit algorithm for computing the solution of our problem, which in turn is directly related to computing the distance (performance) of an underlying quantum error correcting code. Computing the distance of a quantum code is a highly non-trivial problem and our method may be of use in the construction of better codes.
description: 8 pages and 3 figures
Synchronization in hyperchaotic time-delayed electronic oscillators coupled indirectly via a common environment
Creators: name: Banerjee, Tanmoy
name: Biswas, Debabrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present paper explores the synchronization scenario of hyperchaotic time-delayed electronic oscillators coupled indirectly via a common environment. We show that depending upon the coupling parameters a hyperchaotic time-delayed system can show in-phase or complete synchronization, and also inverse-phase or anti-synchronization. This paper reports the first experimental confirmation of synchronization of hyperchaos in time-delayed electronic oscillators coupled indirectly through a common environment. We confirm the occurrence of in-phase and inverse-phase synchronization phenomena in the coupled system through the dynamical measures like generalized autocorrelation function, correlation of probability of recurrence, and the concept of localized sets computed directly from the experimental time-series data. We also present a linear stability analysis of the coupled system. The experimental and analytical results are further supported by the detailed numerical analysis of the coupled system. Apart from the above mentioned measures, we numerically compute another quantitative measure, namely, Lyapunov exponent spectrum of the coupled system that confirms the transition from the in-phase (inverse-phase) synchronized state to the complete (anti-) synchronized state with the increasing coupling strength.
description: 17 pages, 20 figures, Pre-print submitted version
Correction of Doi-Edwards' Green Function for a Chain in a Harmonic Potential and its Implication for the Stress-Optical Rule
Creators: name: Schieber, Jay D.
name: Indei, Tsutomu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a corrected Green's function for a polymer chain trapped in a two-dimensional anisotropic harmonic potential with a fixed boundary condition. This Green's function is a modified version of what Doi and Edwards first derived to describe the polymer chain confined in the tube-like domain of surrounding entangled polymers [J. Chem. Soc. Farad. Trans. II 74 (1978) 1802]. In contradiction to the results found by Ianniruberto and Marrucci (IM) when applying the Doi-Edwards Green function [J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 79 (1998) 225], we find that the stress-optical rule is violated for any tube potential either circular or elliptic if the corrected Green's function is used. The violation is due to the presence of the virtual springs to confine the chain in the tube rather than the anisotropy of the confinement potential. On the other hand, Doi and Edwards used their Green's function only for estimation of the monomer density along the primitive path where we find just a small correction. Since they did not use it for rheological calculations, the stress-optic rule appears to be safe for the Doi-Edwards model.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Influence of the time-dependent surfactant adsorption on the lifetime of a drop pressed by buoyancy against a planar interface
Creators: name: Rojas, Clara
name: Garcia-Sucre, Maximo
name: Urbina-Villalba, German
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Emulsion Stability Simulations (ESS) of deformable droplets are used to study the influence of the time-dependent adsorption on the coalescence time of a 200-$μ$m drop of soybean oil pressed by buoyancy against a planar water/oil interface. The interface is represented by a 5000-$μ$m drop of oil fixed in the space. The movement of the small drop is determined by the interaction forces between the drops, the buoyancy force, and its thermal interaction with the solvent. The interaction forces depend on the surface concentration of surfactant molecules at the oil/water interfaces. Assuming diffusion limited adsorption, the surface excess of the surfactant becomes a function of its apparent diffusion constant, $D_{app}$. Distinct probability distributions of the coalescence time are obtained depending on the magnitude of $D_{app}$. The origin and the significance of these distributions are discussed.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Statistical features of freely decaying two-dimensional hydrodynamic turbulence
Creators: name: Kudryavtsev, A. N.
name: Kuznetsov, E. A.
name: Sereshchenko, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statistical characteristics of freely decaying two-dimensional hydrodynamic turbulence at high Reynolds numbers are numerically studied. In particular, numerical experiments (with resolution up to $8192\times 8192$) provide a Kraichnan-type turbulence spectrum $E_k\sim k^{-3}$. By means of spatial filtration, it is found that the main contribution to the spectrum comes from the sharp vorticity gradients in the form of quasi-shocks. Such quasi-singularities are responsible for a strong angular dependence of the spectrum owing to well-localized (in terms of the angle) jets with minor and/or large overlapping. In each jet, the spectrum decreases as $k^{-3}$. The behavior of the third-order structure function accurately agrees with Kraichnan direct cascade concept corresponding to a constant enstrophy flux. It is shown that the power law exponents $ζ_n$ for higher structure functions grow more slowly than the linear dependence of $n$, which testifies to turbulence intermittency.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures
title: African Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine, Vol 1 No 1 (2020): Sanitary Survey and DrinkingWater Quality Performance of Treatment Plant: The Case of Dilla Town, Ethiopia.
title: Sanitary Survey and DrinkingWater Quality Performance of Treatment Plant: The Case of Dilla Town, Ethiopia.
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: African Journal Of Health Sciences And Medicine
Publisher: name: African Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine
Year: 2020

description: Background: Drinking water treatment is considered as a critical challenge especially in developing countries since this treatment is an essential facility to conserve the public health and environment by eliminating pathogens of the waterborne diseases. This study was conducted to assess the sanitary risks associated with quality of drinking water sources (surface water and 8 deep boreholes) in Dilla town and performance evaluation of Dilla town water treatment plant. Methods: The comprehensive sanitary survey was conducted from October to November 2019 on 9 community drinking water supply sources in Dilla town. Sanitary inspection using observational checklist, secondary data analysis and in-depth interview were conducted. Significant risks were identified in all the investigated water sources. The treatment units have been assessed based on observation and laboratory tests. Result: Most of the physicochemical parameters were within the World Health Organizations (WHO) acceptable drinking water guideline range except for iron (0.73 mg/l) and Turbidity (6.17 NTU) from Hostel Deep borehole site which were above the guideline limit and the bacteriological water quality analysis indicated that the water treated from Lege Dara surface water treatment and two deep boreholes (Chichu number one and Millennium borehole) sites have bacterial load of 5, 47 and many to count Colony Forming Unit respectively, which violets the WHO’s bacteriological drinking water quality standard. Possible sources of pollutants were identified in all the water sources and human activity was the main reason for the risk. Conclusion: Human activities could be a potential source for pollution. Physicochemical and bacteriological test results of raw water were moderately of poor quality, while the treated water was relatively satisfactory. Based on the risks identified, this study suggests that the units and process operations need to be improved, rescaled, and re-designed to enhance safe and adequate water supply to the town.
Scarabaeidae as human food ‒ a comprehensive review
Creators: name: Siddiqui, S.A.
name: Ampofo, K.A.
name: Dery, E.K.
name: Eddy-Doh, A.M.
name: Castro-Muñoz, R.
name: Pushpalatha, M.
name: Fernando, I.
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 309999
subject: Other agricultural, veterinary and food sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Rising global population and sustainable protein demand have sparked interest in unique food sources. Entomophagy, or insect consumption, presents a solution and Scarab beetles, part of the Scarabaeidae family, offer a novel food option. The comprehensive review underscores their potential as human food, with strong nutrition, low environmental impact, and the ability to ease strain on conventional agriculture. Nutritional analysis reveals rich protein content, essential amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. Scarab beetles' beneficial fatty acid profile and healthy fats position them as a superior protein source to traditional livestock. Scarabaeidae excel in feed conversion, emit fewer greenhouse gases, and require minimal land, establishing them as an ecologically sustainable protein source. Cultural attitudes towards insect consumption vary; history exists in some regions while skepticism prevails in others. Highlighting nutritional advantages, organizing outreach, and introducing processed scarab products could enhance acceptance. The review addresses challenges including mass rearing, processing, allergens, and toxins. Evolving insect-based food regulations require cautious consideration. Success depends on multidisciplinary efforts including nutrition, environmental sustainability, cultural openness, and regulatory alignment. Continued research and collaboration are essential to fully unlock Scarabaeidae's potential as a sustainable, nutritious food source for our growing global population.
title: African Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine, Vol 1 No 1 (2020): What could be done to mitigating the impacts of food shortage and hunger during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia?
title: What could be done to mitigating the impacts of food shortage and hunger during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia?
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: African Journal Of Health Sciences And Medicine
Publisher: name: African Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine
Year: 2020

description: The novel corona virus (COVID-19) has continued to spread at an alarming rate since its discovery. So far, more than five million cases and hundreds of thousands of deaths have been reported worldwide and the virus has spread to almost every country [1]. In Ethiopia, through late to break the containment line, the virus is on the rise to spread and infecting millions. The pandemic is spurring dramatic changes to all sectors and systems, with significant effects on economic, health, transportation, and education systems. Equally important is its impact on local and global food systems, particularly on governments’ ability to provide safe, sufficient, affordable, and nutritious food to all citizens.
title: Budowanie spójnego przekazu artystycznego w oparciu o wzajemne oddziaływanie przestrzeni wystawienniczej i działań twórczych w obszarze różnych mediów
Creators: name: Stefańska, Joanna
Publisher: name: Publishing House of Poznan University of Technology
Year: 2023

description: Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Architektura, Urbanistyka, Architektura Wnętrz, 14, 153-168
Explicit secular equation for Scholte waves over a monoclinic crystal
Creators: name: Destrade, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this Letter is to derive explicitly the secular equation for Scholte waves at the interface between a fluid and an anisotropic crystal cut along a plane containing the normal to a single symmetry plane, that is containing only one crystallographic axis.
Hubble Tarantula Treasury Project: Unraveling Tarantula's Web. I. Observational overview and first results
Creators: name: Sabbi, E.
name: Anderson, J.
name: Lennon, D. J.
name: van der Marel, R. P.
name: Aloisi, A.
name: Boyer, M. L.
name: Cignoni, M.
name: de Marchi, G.
name: de Mink, S. E.
name: Evans, C. J.
name: Gallagher, J. S.
name: Gordon, K.
name: Gouliermis, D. A.
name: Grebel, E. K.
name: Koekemoer, A. M.
name: Larsen, S. S.
name: Panagia, N.
name: Ryon, J. E.
name: Smith, L. J.
name: Tosi, M.
name: Zaritsky, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hubble Tarantula Treasury Project (HTTP) is an ongoing panchromatic imaging survey of stellar populations in the Tarantula Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud that reaches into the sub-solar mass regime (< 0.5 Mo). HTTP utilizes the capability of HST to operate the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) and the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) in parallel to study this remarkable region in the near-ultraviolet, optical, and near-infrared spectral regions, including narrow band H$α$ images. The combination of all these bands provides a unique multi-band view. The resulting maps of the stellar content of the Tarantula Nebula within its main body provide the basis for investigations of star formation in an environment resembling the extreme conditions found in starburst galaxies and in the early Universe. Access to detailed properties of individual stars allows us to begin to reconstruct the evolution of the stellar skeleton of the Tarantula Nebula over space and time with parcsec-scale resolution. In this first paper we describe the observing strategy, the photometric techniques, and the upcoming data products from this survey and present preliminary results obtained from the analysis of the initial set of near-infrared observations.
description: 14 pages, 10 Figures, 1 Table, submitted to AJ
Size dependence in the stabilities and electronic properties of α-graphyne and its BN analogue
Creators: name: Özçelik, V. Ongun
name: Ciraci, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict the stabilities of α-graphynes and their boron nitride analogues(α-BNyne), which are considered as competitors of graphene and two-dimensional hexagonal BN. Based on first-principles plane wave method, we investigated the stability and structural transformations of these materials at different sizes using phonon dispersion calculations and ab-initio finite temperature, molecular dynamics simulations. Depending on the number of additional atoms in the edges between the corner atoms of the hexagons, n, both α-graphyne(n) and α-BNyne(n) are stable for even n, but unstable for odd n. α-graphyne(3) undergoes a structural transformation, where the symmetry of hexagons is broken. We present the structure optimized cohesive energies, electronic, magnetic and mechanical properties of stable structures. Our calculations reveal the existence of Dirac cones in the electronic structures of α-graphynes of all sizes, where the Fermi velocities decrease with increasing n. The electronic and magnetic properties of these structures are modified by hydrogenation. A single hydrogen vacancy renders a magnetic moment of one Bohr magneton. We finally present the properties of the bilayer α-graphyne and α-BNyne structures. We expect that these layered materials can function as frameworks in various chemical and electronic applications.
description: Published version in The Journal of Physical Chemistry
Determination of tan(beta) from the Higgs boson decay at linear colliders
Creators: name: Kanemura, Shinya
name: Tsumura, Koji
name: Yokoya, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the two Higgs doublet model, $\tanβ$ is an important parameter, which is defined as the ratio of the vacuum expectation values of the doublets. We study how accurately $\tanβ$ can be determined at linear colliders via the precision measurement of the decay branching fraction of the standard model (SM) like Higgs boson. Since the effective coupling constants of the Higgs boson with the weak gauge bosons are expected to be measured accurately, the branching ratios can be precisely determined. Consequently, $\tanβ$ can be determined with a certain amount of accuracy. Comparing the method to those using direct production of the additional Higgs bosons, we find that, depending on the type of Yukawa interactions, the precision measurement of the decay of the SM-like Higgs boson can be the best way to determine $\tanβ$, when the deviations in the coupling constants with the gauge boson from the SM prediction are observed at linear colliders.
description: 17 pages, 16 eps files
A study of polymer knots using a simple knot invariant written consisting of multiple contour integrals
Creators: name: Zhao, Yani
name: Ferrari, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work the thermodynamic properties of short polymer knots (up to 120 segments) defined on a simple cubic lattice are studied with the help of the Wang-Landau Monte Carlo algorithm. The sampling process is performed using pivot transformations starting from a given seed conformation. Both cases of short-range attractive and repulsive interactions acting on the monomers are considered. The properties of the specific energy, heat capacity and gyration radius of several knots are discussed. It is found that the heat capacity exhibits a sharp peak. If the interactions are attractive, similar peaks have been observed also in single open chains and have been related to the transition from a frozen crystallite state to an expanded coil state. Some other peculiarities of the behavior of the analyzed observables are presented, like for instance the increasing or decreasing of the knot specific energy at high temperatures with increasing polymer lengths depending if the interactions are attractive or repulsive. Besides the investigation of the thermodynamics of polymer knots, the second goal of this paper is to introduce a method for distinguishing the topology of a knot based on a topological invariant which is in the form of multiple contour integrals and explicitly depends on the physical trajectory of the knot. The chosen invariant is related to the second coefficient of the Conway polynomial. It has been first isolated from the amplitudes of a Chern-Simons field theory with gauge group SU(N). It is shown that this invariant is very reliable in distinguishing the topology of polymer knots. One of the advantages of the proposed approach is that it allows to reduce the number of samples needed by the Wang-Landau algorithm. Some solutions to speed up the calculations exploiting Monte Carlo integration techniques are developed.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures, LaTeX + RevTeX 4, a small misprint in fig. 9 corrected, some new references added
Entanglement's Benefit Survives an Entanglement-Breaking Channel
Creators: name: Zhang, Zheshen
name: Tengner, Maria
name: Zhong, Tian
name: Wong, Franco N. C.
name: Shapiro, Jeffrey H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement is essential to many quantum information applications, but it is easily destroyed by quantum decoherence arising from interaction with the environment. We report the first experimental demonstration of an entanglement-based protocol that is resilient to loss and noise which destroy entanglement. Specifically, despite channel noise 8.3 dB beyond the threshold for entanglement breaking, eavesdropping-immune communication is achieved between Alice and Bob when an entangled source is used, but no such immunity is obtainable when their source is classical. The results prove that entanglement can be utilized beneficially in lossy and noisy situations, i.e., in practical scenarios.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
The German Human Genome-Phenome Archive (GHGA) – A national infrastructure for secure archival and community-driven analysis of omics data
Creators: name: Philipp, Julia
name: Schatlowski, Nicole
name: Träger, Ulrike
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: The German Human Genome-Phenome Archive (GHGA) is building a secure national omics data infrastructure, aiming to enable the secondary use of human omics data for research purposes. It is part of the German National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI) and will serve as the German national hub of the Federated European Genome-Phenome Archive (FEGA).
 GHGA strives to provide the necessary computing infrastructure, an ethical-legal framework to handle omics data in a data-protection-compliant and FAIR manner, a harmonized metadata schema, and standardized workflows to uniformly process the incoming data. GHGA will be based on cloud computing infrastructures managed in a network of data generators. Utilizing the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH) standards, researchers will have controlled access to raw and processed sequence data.
 Introducing our first milestone: The GHGA Metadata Catalog, a public frontend for the discovery of human omics study data from German research institutions. All data sets within are annotated with the FEGA-compatible GHGA Metadata Model. In addition, GHGA has developed tools to help overcome challenges around consent and GDPR-compliance and (together with the nf-core community) workflows for data analysis, benchmarking, statistical analysis and data visualization. Building a portfolio of training and outreach measures, GHGA aims to support users and communities, like the Elixir community, in all topics relevant to sharing data in the field of biomedical research and health care, as well as related bioinformatic methods.
REACT 2 Study 5 Round 2B Behaviour and Antibody Test Surveys
Creators: name: Elliott, Paul
name: Darzi, Ara
name: Cooke, Graham
name: Barclay, Wendy
name: Ward, Helen
name: Riley, Steven
name: Donelly, Christl
name: Ashby, Deborah
name: Atchison, Christina
name: Buckle, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: REACT 2 Study 5 Round 2B Behaviour and Antibody Test Surveys
description: We thank key collaborators on this work, Ipsos MORI.
Very Rapid High-Amplitude Gamma-ray Variability in Luminous Blazar PKS 1510-089 Studied with Fermi-LAT
Creators: name: Saito, S.
name: Stawarz, L.
name: Tanaka, Y. T.
name: Takahashi, T.
name: Madejski, G.
name: D'Ammando, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we report on the detailed analysis of the gamma-ray light curve of a luminous blazar PKS1510-089 observed in the GeV range with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi satellite during the period 2011 September -- December. By investigating the properties of the detected three major flares with the shortest possible time binning allowed by the photon statistics, we find a variety of temporal characteristics and variability patterns. This includes a clearly asymmetric profile (with a faster flux rise and a slower decay) of the flare resolved on sub-daily timescales, a superposition of many short uncorrelated flaring events forming the apparently coherent longer-duration outburst, and a huge single isolated outburst unresolved down to the timescale of three-hours. In the latter case we estimate the corresponding gamma-ray flux doubling timescale to be below one hour, which is extreme and never previously reported for any active galaxy in the GeV range. The other unique finding is that the total power released during the studied rapid and high-amplitude flares constitute the bulk of the power radiatively dissipated in the source, and a significant fraction of the total kinetic luminosity of the underlying relativistic outflow. Our analysis allows us to access directly the characteristic timescales involved in shaping the energy dissipation processes in the source, and to provide constraints on the location and the structure of the blazar emission zone in PKS1510-089.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Assessment of Railway Tunneling by Cut and Cover Method - Case study of the St. George Church Tunnel in Addis Ababa
Creators: name: MAMMO MUMICHA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: The aim of this work is to assess the construction method and used in tunnel -1 construction site for given site soil condition. It is known that the cut and cover tunnel-1 alignment is under urban street and it needs a serious consideration to provided street for services after excavation; and also the construction method should have to secured the worker and society around the site construction during construction time. In addition, construction method should safe with respect to environmental &socio-economical of Ethiopian. Finally, the construction method of the tunnel-1constructed by cut and cover is tested and assessed by literatures analysis. The construction method will addressed per global class trend and which applicable for Ethiopia depend on site investigation data
Finite amplitude inhomogeneous waves in Mooney-Rivlin viscoelastic solids
Creators: name: Destrade, Michel
name: Saccomandi, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New exact solutions are exhibited within the framework of finite viscoelasticity. More precisely, the solutions correspond to finite-amplitude, transverse, linearly-polarized, inhomogeneous motions superposed upon a finite homogeneous static deformation. The viscoelastic body is composed of a Mooney-Rivlin viscoelastic solid, whose constitutive equation consists in the sum of an elastic part (Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic model) and a viscous part (Newtonian viscous fluid model). The analysis shows that the results are similar to those obtained for the purely elastic case; inter alia, the normals to the planes of constant phase and to the planes of constant amplitude must be orthogonal and conjugate with respect to the B-ellipsoid, where B is the left Cauchy-Green strain tensor associated with the initial large static deformation. However, when the constitutive equation is specialized either to the case of a neo-Hookean viscoelastic solid or to the case of a Newtonian viscous fluid, a greater variety of solutions arises, with no counterpart in the purely elastic case. These solutions include travelling inhomogeneous finite-amplitude damped waves and standing damped waves.
Observation of antiferromagnetic order collapse in the pressurized insulator LaMnPO
Creators: name: Guo, Jing
name: Simonson, J. W.
name: Sun, Liling
name: Wu, Qi
name: Gao, Peiwen
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Gu, Dachun
name: Kotliar, Gabriel
name: Aronson, Meigan
name: Zhao, Zhongxian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emergence of superconductivity in the iron pnictide and cuprate high temperature superconductors usually accompanies the suppression of an antiferromagnetically (AFM) ordered state in a corresponding parent compound through the use of chemical doping or external pressure1-5. A great deal of effort has been made to find superconductivity in Mn-based compounds6-14, which are thought to bridge the gap between the two families of high temperature superconductors7,15,16, but long-ranged AFM order was not successfully suppressed via chemical doping in these investigations. Here we report the first observation of the pressure-induced elimination of long-ranged AFM order in LaMnPO single crystals that are iso-structural to the LaFeAsO superconductor15,17. By combining in-situ high pressure resistance and ac susceptibility measurements, we found that LaMnPO undergoes a crossover from an AFM insulating to an AFM metallic state at a pressure ~20 GPa and that the long-ranged AFM order collapses at a higher pressure ~32 GPa. Our findings are of importance to explore potential superconductivity in Mn-based compounds and to shed new light on the underlying mechanism of high temperature superconductivity.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
An Operational Framework for Guiding Human Evaluation in Explainable and Trustworthy AI (Supplemental Material)
Creators: name: Confalonieri, Roberto
name: Alonso Moral, Jose Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This supplemental material provides readers with information on the software developed and instructions on how to conduct a full XAI evaluation experiment, and how to replicate the results presented in the manuscript "An Operational Framework for Guiding Human Evaluation in Explainable and Trustworthy AI", which was accepted for publication in the "Special Issue on AI Ethics and Trust: From Principles to Practice" in IEEE Intelligent Systems (ISSN: 1541-1672), IEEE Computer Society.
Investigation of dust properties of the proto-planetary nebula IRAS 18276-1431
Creators: name: Murakawa, K.
name: Izumiura, H.
name: Oudmaijer, R. D.
name: Maud, L. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the circumstellar dust properties of the oxygen-rich bipolar proto-planetary nebula IRAS 18276-1431 by means of two-dimensional radiative transfer simulations of the circumstellar dust shell. The model geometry is assumed to have a torus and an envelope. The parameters of the dust and the dust shell are constrained by comparing the SED and NIR intensity and polarisation data with the models. The polarisation in the envelope reaches 50 -- 60 % and is nearly constant in the H and K_S bands in the observations. This weak wavelength dependence of the polarisation can be reproduced with a grain size distribution function for the torus: 0.05 micron <= a with n(a)=a^{-(p=5.5)}exp(-a/{a_c=0.3 micron}). The power index p is significantly steeper than that for interstellar dust. Similar results have also been found in some other PPNs and suggest that mechanisms that grind down large particles may also have acted when the dust particles formed. The spectral opacity index beta is found to be 0.6+/-0.5 from the millimeter fluxes. This low value indicates the presence of large dust grains in the torus. We discuss two possible dust models for the torus. One has a size distribution function of 1.0 micron <= a <= a_max=5,000.0 micron with n(a)=a^{-(p=2.5)} and the other is 1.0 micron <= a <= a_max=10,000.0 micron with n(a)=a^{-(p=3.5)}. The former has beta of 0.633, but we are not able to find reasonable geometry parameters to fit the SED in the infrared. The latter has beta of 1.12, but reproduces the SED better over a wide wavelength range. With this dust model, the geometric parameters are estimated as follows: the inner and outer radii are 30 AU and 1000 AU and the torus mass is 3.0 M_sun. Assuming an expansion velocity of 15 kms^{-1}, the torus formation time and mass-loss rate are found to be \sim300 yrs and \sim10^{-2}M_sun yr^{-1} respectively.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Observational challenges in dark energy models
Creators: name: Bengochea, Gabriel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological distances inferred from supernova Ia observations constitute the most direct and solid evidence for the recently detected accelerated expansion of the universe. In this contribution, we show some inconsistencies between two of the main light-curve fitters used for the elaboration of supernova Ia data sets, opening new observational challenges regarding the use of these luminosity distances when combined with CMB and BAO data. We also mention ongoing analysis related to alternative models. The resolution of these challenges will be crucial for XXI century cosmology.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to the BAAA Vol. 55, 2012
Large Size Scatter of Passively Evolving Lensed Galaxies at z~2 in CLASH
Creators: name: Fan, Lulu
name: Chen, Yang
name: Er, Xinzhong
name: Li, Jinrong
name: Lin, Lin
name: Kong, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a systematic search over 11 cluster fields from Cluster Lensing And Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH) we identify ten passively evolving massive galaxies at redshift z~2.We derive the stellar properties of these galaxies using HST WFC3/ACS multiband data, together with Spitzer IRAC observations. We also deduce the optical rest-frame effective radius of these high redshift objects. The derived stellar masses and measured effective radii have been corrected by the lensing magnification factors, which are estimated by simply adopting the spherical NFW model for the foreground cluster lens. The observed near-IR images, obtained by HST WFC3 camera with high spatial resolution and lensed by the foreground clusters, enable us to study the structures of such systems. Nine out of ten galaxies have on average three times smaller effective radius than local ETGs of similar stellar masses, in agreement with previous works at redshift 1.5 < z < 2.5. Combined with literature data for z~2, we find that the mass-normalized effective radius scales with redshift as re/M^0.56 \propto (1 + z)^{-1.13}. We confirm that their size distribution shows a large scatter: from normal size to ~5 times smaller compared to local ETGs with similar stellar masses. The 1-σ scatter σ_{logre} of the size distribution is 0.22 and 0.34 at z~1.6 and z~2.1,respectively.The observed large size scatter has to be carefully taken into account in galaxy evolution model predictions.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Superconductivity induced by U-doping in the SmFeAsO system
Creators: name: Huang, Bo
name: Yang, Jijun
name: Tang, Jun
name: Liao, Jiali
name: Yang, Yuanyou
name: Liu, Ning
name: Mu, Gang
name: Hu, Tao
name: Shen, Xiaoping
name: Feng, Donglai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Through partial substitution of Sm by U in SmFeAsO, a different member of the family of iron-based superconductors was successfully synthesized. X-ray diffraction measurements show that the lattice constants along the a and c axes are both squeezed through U doping, indicating a successful substitution of U at the Sm site. The parent compound shows a strong resistivity anomaly near 150 K, associated with spin-density-wave instability.U doping suppresses this instability and leads to a transition to the superconducting state at temperatures up to 49 K. Magnetic measurements confirm the bulk superconductivity in this system. For the sample with a doping level of x = 0.2, the external magnetic field suppresses the onset temperature very slowly, indicating a rather high upper critical field. In addition, the Hall effect measurements show that U clearly dopes electrons into the material.
description: 5 pages,5 figures
Second harmonic double resonance cones in dispersive hyperbolic metamaterials
Creators: name: de Ceglia, Domenico
name: Vincenti, Maria Antonietta
name: Campione, Salvatore
name: Capolino, Filippo
name: Haus, Joseph W.
name: Scalora, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation of second harmonic double-resonance cones in hyperbolic metamaterials. An electric dipole on the surface of the structure induces second harmonic light to propagate into two distinct volume plasmon-polariton channels: A signal that propagates within its own peculiar resonance cone; and a phase-locked signal that is trapped under the pump's resonance cone. Metamaterial dispersion and birefringence induce a large angular divergence between the two volume plasmon-polaritons, making these structures ideal for subwavelength second and higher harmonic imaging microscopy.
Four-loop corrections with two closed fermion loops to fermion self energies and the lepton anomalous magnetic moment
Creators: name: Lee, Roman
name: Marquard, Peter
name: Smirnov, Alexander V.
name: Smirnov, Vladimir A.
name: Steinhauser, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the eighth-order fermionic corrections involving two and three closed massless fermion loops to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. The required four-loop on-shell integrals are classified and explicit analytical results for the master integrals are presented. As further applications we compute the corresponding four-loop QCD corrections to the mass and wave function renormalization constants for a massive quark in the on-shell scheme.
description: 21 pages
Geometrische Scherben in Mainz
Creators: name: Brommer, Frank
Publisher: name: Verlag des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz
Year: 2017
Subjects: Bronzezeit; Südeuropa; Griechenland; Keramik

description: [nicht vorhanden / not available]
description: Jahrbuch des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz, Bd. 7 (1960)
Broadband enhancement of spontaneous emission from nitrogen-vacancy centers in nanodiamonds by hyperbolic metamaterials
Creators: name: Shalaginov, M. Y.
name: Ishii, S.
name: Liu, J.
name: Liu, J.
name: Irudayaraj, J.
name: Lagutchev, A.
name: Kildishev, A. V.
name: Shalaev, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally demonstrate a broadband enhancement of emission from nitrogen vacancy centers in nanodiamonds. The enhancement is achieved by using a multilayer metamaterial with hyperbolic dispersion. The metamaterial is fabricated as a stack of alternating gold and alumina layers. Our approach paves the way towards the construction of efficient single-photon sources as planar on-chip devices.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Optical photometric and polarimetric investigation of NGC 1931
Creators: name: Pandey, A. K.
name: Eswaraiah, C.
name: Sharma, Saurabh
name: Samal, M. R.
name: Chauhan, N.
name: Chen, W. P.
name: Jose, J.
name: Ojha, D. K.
name: Yadav, Ram Kesh
name: Chandola, H. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present optical photometric and polarimetric observations of stars towards NGC 1931 with the aim to derive the cluster parameters such as distance, reddening, age and luminosity/mass function as well as to understand the dust properties and star formation in the region. The distance to the cluster is found to be 2.3$\pm$0.3 kpc and the reddening E(B-V) in the region is found to be variable. The stellar density contours reveal two clustering in the region. The observations suggest differing reddening law within the cluster region. Polarization efficiency of the dust grains towards the direction of the cluster is found to be less than that for the general diffuse interstellar medium (ISM). The slope of the mass function (-0.98$\pm$0.22) in the southern region in the mass range 0.8 \textless $M/M_{\sun}$ $\textless$ 9.8 is found to be shallower in comparison to that in the northern region (-1.26$\pm$0.23), which is comparable to the Salpeter value (-1.35). The K-band luminosity function (KLF) of the region is found to be comparable to the average value of slope (~0.4) for young clusters obtained by Lada & Lada (2003), however, the slope of the KLF is steeper in the northern region as compared to the southern region. The region is probably ionized by two B2 main-sequence type stars. The mean age of the young stellar objects (YSOs) is found to be 2$\pm$1 Myr which suggests that the identified YSOs could be younger than the ionizing sources of the region. The morphology of the region, the distribution of the YSOs as well as ages of the YSOs and ionizing sources indicate a triggered star formation in the region.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ on 27Dec2012