Xylopia mildbraedii Diels, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 53: 444 1915
Creators: name: Couvreur, Thomas L. P.
name: Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J.
name: Crozier, Francoise
name: Ghogue, Jean-Paul
name: Hoekstra, Paul H.
name: Kamdem, Narcisse G.
name: Johnson, David M.
name: Murray, Nancy A.
name: Sonke, Bonaventure
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliales
Annonaceae
Xylopia
Xylopia mildbraedii

description: Xylopia mildbraedii Diels, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 53: 444, 1915 Fig. 148; Map 18D = Xylopia lastoursvillii Pellegr., Mém. Soc. Bot. France 1949: 71, 1950. Type. Gabon. Ogooué-Lolo, région de Lastoursville, Koulamotou, <i>Le Testu G.M.P.C. 8742</i>, 13 Apr 1931: lectotype, designated by Johnson and Murray (2018), p. 188: P[P00169128]; isolectotypes: BM[BM000511051]; BR[BR0000008825308]; LISC[000404]; OWU; P[P00169129, P00169130]; WAG[WAG0247282, WAG0247283]. Type. Cameroon. South Region; 45 km west of Grand Batanga, <i>Mildbraed G.W.J. 6055</i>, 22 Jul 1911: holotype: B[B 10 0153148]; isotypes: HBG[HBG502478, HBG502477]. Description. Tree up to 9 m tall, rarely a shrub, d.b.h. up to 9 cm; stilt roots and buttresses absent. Old branches glabrous, <b>young branches pubescent with appressede hairs 0.1-0.5 mm long</b>. Leaves: petiole 2-5 mm long, 1 mm wide, sparsely pubescent, grooved, blade inserted on the side of the petiole; blade 9.5-17.5 cm long, 3.2-5.6 cm wide, elliptic to oblong, occasionally oblanceolate or lanceolate, apex acuminate, acumen 0.8-1.9 cm long, base cuneate, papyraceous, below pubescent when young, glabrous to sparsely pubescent when old, above glabrous when young and old, discolorous but sometimes concolorous; midrib sunken, above pubescent when young and old, below pubescent when young, glabrous when old; secondary veins 12 to 20 pairs, glabrous above; tertiary venation reticulate. Individuals bisexual; inflorescences ramiflorous on young foliate branches, axillary, peduncle absent. Flowers with 9 perianth parts in 3 whorls, 1 to 2 per inflorescence; pedicel 4-9 mm long, 1-2 mm in diameter, pubescent; in fruit 5-7 mm long, 5-7 mm in diameter, glabrous; bracts 3 to 4, evenly spaced, 2-4 mm long, 2-3 mm wide; sepals 3, valvate, basally fused, 4-7 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, triangular, apex acute, base truncate, pubescent outside, glabrous inside; <b>petals free, subequal; outer petals 3, 45-79 mm long, 3.6-5.5 mm wide at base</b>, linear, apex obtuse, base broad and concave, cream, pubescent outside, pubescent towards base inside; inner petals 3, valvate, 35-61 mm long, 4.9-5.4 mm wide at base, linear, apex acute, base broad and concave <b>with a tuft of long hairs at the apex of the concavity</b>, cream, pubescent outside, pubescent inside; stamens ca. 100, in 5 to 6 rows, 1-2 mm long, clavate to oblong; connective apex shield-like, glabrous; carpels 10 to 11, ovary 1-2 mm long, stigmas connivent, linear, 4.5-6 mm long, pubescent. Monocarps stipitate, stipe 9-15 mm long, 3-5 mm in diameter; monocarps 1 to 14, 42-65 mm long, 13-15 mm wide, oblong, apex with a curved beak ca. 1 mm long, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, verrucose and wrinkled when dried, pale green to yellowish green outside, endocarp red to pink-red; seeds 5 to 9 per monocarp, <b>in a single row, 13-14 mm long, 7-9 mm wide</b>, ellipsoid; <b>sarcotesta greenish blue, greenish white, or gray; aril absent.</b> Distribution. From Cameroon to Gabon; in Cameroon known from the South and Littoral regions. Habitat. A rare and rarely collected species; in primary and older secondary rain forest Altitude 100-520 m. a.s.l. Local and common names known in Cameroon. None recorded. IUCN conservation status. Vulnerable (VU) (Cosiaux et al. 2019b a). Uses in Cameroon. None reported. Notes. The petal length of <i>X. mildbraedii</i> surpasses that of all other African <i>Xylopia</i> species. The species most resembles <i>X. thomsonii</i> in overall appearance, but differs in the hairs of the young twigs which are appressed and relatively short, the pronounced tuft of hairs on the inside of the inner petal base, and the distinctly larger seeds. Specimens examined. <b>Littoral Region</b>: Forêt de Bakaka 3 km E of Eboné a village on km 11 Nkongsamba-Loum Road, 4.83°N, 9.9°E, <i>13 September 1971</i>, <i>Leeuwenberg A.J.M.</i> 8362 (BR,MO,P,WAG,YA). <b>South Region</b>: 20 km from Kribi Lolodorf road, 3.03°N, 10.05°E, <i>09 June 1969</i>, <i>Bos J.J.</i> 4772 (B,BR,K,LD,LM,MO,P,WAG,YA); Campo-Ma’an area Bibabimvoto, 2.25°N, 10.09°E, <i>01 February 2000</i>, <i>Elad M.</i> 1253 (KRIBI,WAG); Beson 45 km E Kribi, 2.79°N, 10.27°E, <i>22 July 1911</i>, <i>Mildbraed G.W.J.</i> 6055 (B,HBG).
description: Published as part of <i>Couvreur, Thomas L. P., Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J., Crozier, Francoise, Ghogue, Jean-Paul, Hoekstra, Paul H., Kamdem, Narcisse G., Johnson, David M., Murray, Nancy A. &amp; Sonke, Bonaventure, 2022, Flora of Cameroon - Annonaceae Vol 45, pp. 1-532 in PhytoKeys 207</i> on pages 471-473, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.207.61432
description: {"references": ["Johnson, DM, Murray, NA, 2018. A revision of Xylopia L. (Annonaceae): the species of Tropical Africa. PhytoKeys 97: 1 - 252, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.97.20975", "Cosiaux, A, Couvreur, TLP, Erkens, RHJ, 2019b. Annickia chlorantha. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e.T60762300A60762303. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T60762300A60762303.en", "Le Thomas, A, 1969b. Annonacees. In: Aubreville, A, Ed., Flore du Gabon. Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris: 1 - 371"]}