cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Asseessment of Mothers'/Caretakers Modern Health Care Seeking Behavior for Common Childhood Illnesses in Jeldu District, West Shewa Zone
Creators: name: Kolola, Tufa
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2011

description: Background: Even though health care seeking interventions have the potential to substantially reduce child mortality from easily preventable and treatable diseases, large number of children die without appropriate treatment and ever reaching the health facility and due to delays in seeking care in developing countries including Ethiopia. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess mothers/caretakers modern health care seeking behavior for common childhood illnesses and factors affecting it in Jeldu District. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Jeldu District of West Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State, from January 2011 to February 2011. A total of 433mothers/caretakers with under- five children who experienced diseases within six weeks before the survey were selected for this study. The study subjects were allocated to the selected kebeles proportionally to their estimated number of households and data were collected by using structured, pre-tested and interviewer administered questionnaire. The data entry and clearance were carried out using Epi Info version 3.5.1 statistical software package, whereas SPSS version 16 statistical software package was used for analysis. Results: A total of 422 mothers/caretakers were enrolled in the study giving an overall response rate of 97.5%. Of the total sick children reported, care was sought from health facilities for 315(74.6%). Care was sought first from health facilities for only 44%, while 30.6% sought health facilities after sought care from other sources. Marital status of the mothers (AOR=2.81; 95%CI: 1.54, 5.13), number of symptoms experienced by the child (AOR=1.98; 95%CI: 1.20, 3.36) and perceived severity of the illness (AOR=3.75; 95%CI: 2.24, 6.28) were identified as independent predictors of health care seeking practices from health facilities. Lack of money (40.2%) and perception that the illness was not serious (27.1%) were the main reasons given for failure to seek care from health facilities. Conclusion: Health care seeking practices of mothers/caretakers for common childhood illnesses were delayed (86.3%) and maternal/caretakers decisions to seek care from health facilities were widely influenced by worsening of the illnesses (61.0%). Thus, significant behavioral change effort should be taken to enhance the health care seeking behavior of the mothers/caretakers in the locality
Semantics of a single branch in a prolog tree
Creators: name: Jeavons., John Stanley
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Analogue black holes in relativistic BECs: Mimicking Killing and universal horizons
Creators: name: Cropp, Bethan
name: Liberati, Stefano
name: Turcati, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic Bose-Einstein condensates (rBECs) have recently become a well-established system for analogue gravity. Indeed, while such relativistic systems cannot be yet realized experimentally, they provide an interesting framework for mimicking metrics for which no analogue is yet available, so paving the way for further theoretical and numerical explorations. In this vein, we here discuss black holes in rBECs and explore how their features relate to the bulk properties of the system. We then propose the coupling of external fields to the rBEC as a way to mimic non-metric features. In particular, we use a Proca field to simulate an aether field, as found in Einstein-Aether or Horava-Lifshitz gravity. This allows us to mimic a universal horizon, the causal barrier relevant for superluminal modes in these modified gravitational theories.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures. Final version matching the published one in PRD
Ο προ-αγωνιστικός έλεγχος της ελαστικότητας των οπίσθιων μηριαίων μυών, ως παράγοντας πρωτογενούς πρόληψης των κακώσεών τους, σε επαγγελματίες αθλήτριες ποδοσφαίρου
Creators: name: Γατίδου, Χριστίνα Ιωάννη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2022
Subjects: Oπίσθιοι μηριαίοι μύες
Mυϊκή κάκωση
Ελαστικότητα
Πρωτογενής πρόληψη
Ηamstring
Μuscle injury
Flexibility
Primary prevention

description: Επιστήμης Φυσικής Αγωγής και Αθλητισμού, με έδρα τη Θεσσαλονίκη
description: Introduction: Muscle flexibility is a parameter that is frequently associated with muscle injuries and plays a significant role in injury prevention. Although quality muscle flexibility is considered an important parameter for the athlete’s return to activity and in secondary injury prevention of theirs, it hasn’t been researched yet for its effect, as a factor in primary injury prevention. Purpose: The study’s purpose is to investigate if the pre-match testing of female athletes, with the hamstrings’ flexibility tests, can predict the first injury as well as which test is the most reliable. Methodology: In this study, 64 female football high-level athletes (average age 21,7, height 1.65m, body mass 59,5 kilos) participated. Based on the exclusion criteria from the 64 participants, 61 were evaluated in both lower extremities, which means that 122 muscle groups were evaluated for their flexibility. Of the 3 participants who were excluded, two had musculoskeletal injuries and one had back pain. The estimation of hamstrings’ flexibility was assessed using four different tests, such as: the Active Knee Extension Test (AKE), the Passive Knee Extension Test (PKE), the Straight Leg Raise Test (SLR) and the "Αskling". The evaluation was carried out during the preparation and the injuries that occurred throughout the recorded season. The association between anthropometric characteristics and the injury rate, such as age, Body mass index (BMI), athletic age and position of the player was also assessed. Results: A statistically significant relationship between hamstring flexibility and the occurrence of injuries was found only during the flexibility test with SLR (p = .044) and "Αskling" (p = .044). The analysis results revealed that the athletes experienced more injuries in the dominant lower extremity compared to the non- dominant (t(60) = -3,287). However, no significant correlation was found between the age, BMI, athletic age and position of the player (p> 0.05), with the injury occurrence. Conclusions: Participants with reduced Range of Motion (ROM) in hip flexion due to muscle elasticity may be at greater risk of injury to this muscle group. The age, BMI, athletic age and position of the athlete as possible confounders did not appear to affect this association. Professionals should consider these results using the two most trustworthy SLR elasticity tests and the "Αskling".
How eclipse time variations, eclipse duration variations, and radial velocities can reveal S-type planets in close eclipsing binaries
Creators: name: Oshagh, M.
name: Heller, R.
name: Dreizler, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While about a dozen transiting planets have been found in wide orbits around an inner, close stellar binary (so-called "P-type planets"), no planet has yet been detected orbiting only one star (a so-called "S-type planet") in an eclipsing binary. This is despite a large number of eclipsing binary systems discovered with the Kepler telescope. Here we propose a new detection method for these S-type planets, which uses a correlation between the stellar radial velocities (RVs), eclipse timing variations (ETVs), and eclipse duration variations (EDVs). We test the capability of this technique by simulating a realistic benchmark system and demonstrate its detectability with existing high-accuracy RV and photometry instruments. We illustrate that, with a small number of RV observations, the RV-ETV diagrams allows us to distinguish between prograde and retrograde planetary orbits and also the planetary mass can be estimated if the stellar cross-correlation functions can be disentangled. We also identify a new (though minimal) contribution of S-type planets to the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect in eclipsing stellar binaries. We finally explore possible detection of exomoons around transiting luminous giant planets and find that the precision required to detect moons in the RV curves of their host planets is of the order of ${\rm cm\,s}^{-1}$ and therefore not accessible with current instruments.
description: 9 pages, 9 Figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS (16/12/2016)
Accelerated particle beams in a 3D simulation of the quiet Sun. Lower atmospheric spectral diagnostics
Creators: name: Bakke, H.
name: Frogner, L.
name: van der Voort, L. Rouppe
name: Gudiksen, B. V.
name: Carlsson, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanoflare heating through small-scale magnetic reconnection events is one of the prime candidates to explain heating of the solar corona. However, direct signatures of nanoflares are difficult to determine, and unambiguous observational evidence is still lacking. Numerical models that include accelerated electrons and can reproduce flaring conditions are essential in understanding how low-energetic events act as a heating mechanism of the corona, and how such events are able to produce signatures in the spectral lines that can be detected through observations. We investigate the effects of accelerated electrons in synthetic spectra from a 3D radiative magnetohydrodynamics simulation to better understand small-scale heating events and their impact on the solar atmosphere. We synthesised the chromospheric Ca II and Mg II lines and the transition region Si IV resonance lines from a quiet Sun numerical simulation that includes accelerated electrons. We calculated the contribution function to the intensity to better understand how the lines are formed, and what factors are contributing to the detailed shape of the spectral profiles. The synthetic spectra are highly affected by variations in temperature and vertical velocity. Beam heating exceeds conductive heating at the heights where the spectral lines form, indicating that the electrons should contribute to the heating of the lower atmosphere and hence affect the line profiles. However, we find that it is difficult to determine specific signatures from the non-thermal electrons due to the complexity of the atmospheric response to the heating in combination with the relatively low energy output (~1e21 erg/s). Even so, our results contribute to understanding small-scale heating events in the solar atmosphere, and give further guidance to future observations.
$f(Q)$-gravity and neutrino physics
Creators: name: Atayde, Luís
name: Frusciante, Noemi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the $f(Q)$-gravity framework we perform a phenomenological study of the cosmological observables in light of the degeneracy between neutrinos physics and the modified gravity parameter and we identify specific patterns which allow to break such degeneracy. We also provide separately constraints on the total mass of the neutrinos, $Σm_ν$, and on the effective number of neutrino species, $N_{\rm eff}$, using cosmic microwave background (CMB), baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO), redshift space distortion (RSD), supernovae (SNIa), galaxy clustering (GC) and weak gravitational lensing (WL) measurements. The strongest upper bound on the total mass of the neutrinos is found for the combination of CMB+BAO+RSD+SNIa and it is $Σm_ν<0.277$ eV at 95\% C.L. For the same combination of data we find $N_{\rm eff}=2.93^{+0.31}_{-0.34}$ at 95\% C.L. We also find that all combinations of data we consider, prefer a stronger gravitational interaction than $Λ$CDM. Finally, we consider the $χ^2$ and deviance information criterion statistics and find the $f(Q)+Σm_ν$ model to be statistically supported by data over the standard scenario. On the contrary $f(Q)+N_{\rm eff}$ is supported by CMB+BAO+RSD+SNIa but a moderate evidence against it is found with GC and WL data.
description: 11 pages; 5 figures; 4 tables, accepted for publication in PRD
Comment on "Orbital and Intrinsic Angular Momentum of Single Photons and Entangled Pairs of Photons Generated by Parametric Down-Conversion"
Creators: name: Dutra, S. M.
name: Eliel, E. R.
name: Nienhuis, G.
name: Woerdman, J. P.
Publisher: name: The American Physical Society
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Physical Review Letters
Probing the nodal structure of Landau level wave functions in real space
Creators: name: Bindel, J. R.
name: Ulrich, J.
name: Liebmann, M.
name: Morgenstern, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inversion layer of p-InSb(110) obtained by Cs adsorption of 1.8 % of a monolayer is used to probe the Landau level wave functions within smooth potential valleys by scanning tunnelling spectroscopy at 14 T. The nodal structure becomes apparent as a double peak structure of each spin polarized first Landau level, while the zeroth Landau level exhibits a single peak per spin level only. The real space data show single rings of the valley-confined drift states for the zeroth Landau level and double rings for the first Landau level. The result is reproduced by a recursive Green's function algorithm using the potential landscape obtained experimentally. We show that the result is generic by comparing the local density of states from the Green's function algorithm with results from a well controlled analytic model based on the guiding center approach.
description: PRL, in press, 15 pages, 10 figures incl. supplement; added large range images showing doubling of drift state lines in LL1 at multiple positions, more detailed energy sequence of state evolution in LL0 and LL1, and discussion on the avoidance of tip induced band bending
Anomalous Coherent Backscattering of Light from Opal Photonic Crystals
Creators: name: Eradat, N.
name: Huang, J.
name: Raikh, M. E.
name: Vardeny, Z. V.
name: Zakhidov, A. A.
Publisher: name: The American Physical Society
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Physical Review Letters
The relation of cosmic environment and morphology with the star formation and stellar populations of AGN and non-AGN galaxies
Creators: name: Mountrichas, G.
name: Yang, G.
name: Buat, V.
name: Darvish, B.
name: Boquien, M.
name: Ni, Q.
name: Burgarella, D.
name: Ciesla, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study the relation of cosmic environment and morphology with the star-formation (SF) and the stellar population of galaxies. Most importantly, we examine if this relation differs for systems with active and non-active supermassive black holes. For that purpose, we use 551 X-ray detected active galactic nuclei (AGN) and 16,917 non-AGN galaxies in the COSMOS-Legacy survey, for which the surface-density field measurements are available. The sources lie at redshift of $\rm 0.343$) and non-AGN galaxies have similar SFR. We, also, examine the stellar populations and the morphology of the sources in different cosmic fields. For the same morphological type, non-AGN galaxies tend to have older stellar populations and are less likely to have undergone a recent burst in denser environments compared to their field counterparts. The differences in the stellar populations with the density field are, mainly, driven by quiescent systems. Moreover, low L$_X$ AGN present negligible variations of their stellar populations, in all cosmic environments, whereas moderate L$_X$ AGN have, on average, younger stellar populations and are more likely to have undergone a recent burst, in high density fields. Finally, in the case of non-AGN galaxies, the fraction of bulge-dominated (BD) systems increases with the density field, while BD AGN are scarce in denser environments. Our results are consistent with a scenario in which a common mechanism, such as mergers, triggers both the SF and the AGN activity.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 10 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
Splitting of Long-Period Comet C/2018 F4 (PANSTARRS)
Creators: name: Hui, Man-To
name: Kelley, Michael S. P.
name: Hung, Denise
name: Lister, Tim
name: Chatelain, Joseph
name: Gomez, Edward
name: Greenstreet, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-period comet C/2018 F4 (PANSTARRS) was observed to show duplicity of its inner region in 2020 September, suggestive of a splitting event. We here present analyses of our observations of the comet taken from the LOOK project and the University of Hawaii 2.2 m telescope after the discovery of the splitting. The two fragments Components A and B, estimated to be $\sim\!60$ m to 4 km in radius, remained highly similar to each other in terms of brightness, colour, and dust morphology throughout our observing campaign from 2020 September to 2021 December. Our fragmentation model yielded that the two components split at a relative speed of $3.00 \pm 0.18$ m s$^{-1}$ in 2020 late April, implying a specific energy change of $\left(5.3 \pm 2.8 \right) \times 10^3$ J kg$^{-1}$, and that Component B was subjected to a stronger nongravitational acceleration than Component A in both the radial and normal directions of the orbit. The obtained splitting time is broadly consistent with the result from the dust morphology analysis, which further suggested that the dominant dust grains were millimeter-sized and ejected at speed $\sim\!2$ m s$^{-1}$. We postulate that the pre-split nucleus of the comet consisted of two lobes resembling the one of 67P, or that the comet used to be a binary system like main-belt comet 288P. Regardless, we highlight the possibility of using observations of split comets as a feasible manner to study the bilobate shape or binarity fraction of cometary nuclei.
description: Accepted to AJ for publication
Lattice based integration algorithms: Kronecker sequences and rank-1 lattices
Creators: name: Dick, Josef
name: Pillichshammer, Friedrich
name: Suzuki, Kosuke
name: Ullrich, Mario
name: Yoshiki, Takehito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 65D30, 65D32, 11K31

description: We prove upper bounds on the order of convergence of lattice based algorithms for numerical integration in function spaces of dominating mixed smoothness on the unit cube with homogeneous boundary condition. More precisely, we study worst-case integration errors for Besov spaces of dominating mixed smoothness $\mathring{\mathbf{B}}^s_{p,θ}$, which also comprise the concept of Sobolev spaces of dominating mixed smoothness $\mathring{\mathbf{H}}^s_{p}$ as special cases. The considered algorithms are quasi-Monte Carlo rules with underlying nodes from $T_N(\mathbb{Z}^d) \cap [0,1)^d$, where $T_N$ is a real invertible generator matrix of size $d$. For such rules the worst-case error can be bounded in terms of the Zaremba index of the lattice $\mathbb{X}_N=T_N(\mathbb{Z}^d)$. We apply this result to Kronecker lattices and to rank-1 lattice point sets, which both lead to optimal error bounds up to $\log N$-factors for arbitrary smoothness $s$. The advantage of Kronecker lattices and classical lattice point sets is that the run-time of algorithms generating these point sets is very short.
description: 19 pages
Size Dependence of the Bouncing Barrier in Protoplanetary Dust Growth
Creators: name: Arakawa, Sota
name: Okuzumi, Satoshi
name: Tatsuuma, Misako
name: Tanaka, Hidekazu
name: Kokubo, Eiichiro
name: Nishiura, Daisuke
name: Furuichi, Mikito
name: Nakamoto, Taishi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the collisional behavior of dust aggregates is essential in the context of planet formation. It is known that low-velocity collisions of dust aggregates result in bouncing rather than sticking when the filling factor of colliding dust aggregates is higher than a threshold value. However, a large discrepancy between numerical and experimental results on the threshold filling factor was reported so far. In this study, we perform numerical simulations using soft-sphere discrete element methods and demonstrate that the sticking probability decreases with increasing aggregates radius. Our results suggest that the large discrepancy in the threshold filling factor may reflect the difference in the size of dust aggregates in earlier numerical simulations and laboratory experiments.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJL
No Increase in Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Privately Insured Adults Prescribed Proton Pump Inhibitors vs Histamine-2 Receptor Antagonists (2002–2014)
Creators: name: Sandler, R.S.
name: Landi, S.N.
name: Lund, J.L.
name: Pate, V.
Publisher: name: W.B. Saunders
Year: 2018

description: Background & Aims: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are commonly used medications. Recent studies reported an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (MI) in PPI users vs non-users. We evaluated MI risk associated with PPIs compared with histamine-2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs) in privately insured adults in the United States. Methods: Using administrative claims from commercial and Medicare Supplemental plans (2001–2014), we compared risk of MI in patients who started a new prescription for PPIs vs H2RAs. Enrollees were followed from their first prescription until MI, medication discontinuation, plan disenrollment, or December 31, 2014. MI was defined using hospital diagnosis codes. Risk differences (RD), risk ratios, and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods at 3, 12, and 36 months after treatment initiation. Standardized morbidity ratio weights were used to control measured confounding. Analyses were stratified by plan type (commercial vs Medicare Supplemental). Results: We identified more than 5 million new users of prescription PPIs and H2RAs. Median follow-up time was 60 days for patients with commercial insurance and 96 days in patients with Medicare Supplemental insurance. The 12-month weighted risk of MI was low overall (approximately 2 cases per 1000 among patients in commercial plans; 8 per 1000 among patients in Medicare Supplemental plans). In the RD analysis, we found no significant differences in MI risk between patients who started PPIs vs H2RAs for the first 12 months, either in the commercial population (weighted RD per 1000, –0.08; 95% CI, –0.51 to 0.36) or the Medicare Supplemental population (weighted RD per 1000, –0.45; 95% CI, –1.53 to 0.58). Conclusion: In an analysis of administrative claims from commercial and Medicare Supplemental plans, we found no evidence that prescription PPIs increase risk of MI compared with prescription H2RAs. Physicians and patients should not avoid starting a PPI because of concerns related to MI risk.
Our mutual friend, no. 03
Creators: name: Dickens, Charles, 1812-1870
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Inheritance and succession
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/973371
subject: Social classes
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1122346
subject: Social conflict
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1122378
subject: Families
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1728849

description: Last complete novel completed by Charles Dickens and is one of his most sophisticated works, combining savage satire with social analysis. In the opening chapters a body is found in the Thames and identified as that of John Harmon, a young man recently returned to London to receive his inheritance. Were he alive, his father's will would require him to marry Bella Wilfer, a beautiful, mercenary girl whom he had never met. Instead, the money passes to the working-class Boffins, and the effects spread into various corners of London society. Issued monthly from May 1864 to November 1865 in illustrated green paper covers. Chapters 8-10: Chapter 8. Mr. Boffin in consultation -- Chapter 9. Mr. and Mrs. Boffin in consultation -- Chapter 10. A marraige contract
Testing Einstein's gravity and dark energy with growth of matter perturbations: Indications for new Physics?
Creators: name: Basilakos, Spyros
name: Nesseris, Savvas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The growth index of matter fluctuations is computed for ten distinct accelerating cosmological models and confronted to the latest growth rate data via a two-step process. First, we implement a joint statistical analysis in order to place constraints on the free parameters of all models using solely background data. Second, using the observed growth rate of clustering from various galaxy surveys we test the performance of the current cosmological models at the perturbation level while either marginalizing over $σ_8$ or having it as a free parameter. As a result, we find that at a statistical level, i.e. after considering the best-fit $χ^2$ or the value of the Akaike information criterion, most models are in very good agreement with the growth rate data and are practically indistinguishable from $Λ$CDM. However, when we also consider the internal consistency of the models by comparing the theoretically predicted values of $(γ_0, γ_1)$, i.e. the value of the growth index $γ(z)$ and its derivative today, with the best-fit ones, we find that the predictions of three out of ten dark energy models are in mild tension with the best-fit ones when $σ_8$ is marginalized over. When $σ_8$ is free we find that most models are not only in mild tension, but also predict low values for $σ_8$. This could be attributed to either a systematic problem with the growth-rate data or the emergence of new physics at low redshifts, with the latter possibly being related to the well-known issue of the lack of power at small scales. Finally, by utilizing mock data based on an LSST-like survey we show that with future surveys and by using the growth index parameterization, it will be possible to resolve the issue of the low $σ_8$ but also the tension between the fitted and theoretically predicted values of $(γ_0, γ_1)$.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in PRD. Changes match published version
Rare earth containing fluoride glasses for optoelectronic devices
Creators: name: Javorniczky., John
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Assessment of the Magnitude and Determinants of Unmet Need for Family Planning among Currently Married Women in Urban and Periurban Community in Awassa, Southern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Sita, Sahle
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2003

description: This is a community based cross- sectional comparative study conducted in Awassa Town and periurban areas in November and December 2002, in Southern Nation Nationalities and peoples region to assess the magnitude and determinants of unmet need for family planning among currently married women in the reproductive age group. A multistage sampling procedure was carried out to interview 1218 women in both study areas. A pretested structured questionnaire complemented with focus group discussions was the main instrument used for data collection. The study revealed that median age at marriage in the urban area was found to be 18 years, while 16 in the periuban area. Average number of children desired in the urban area was 3.5 and 7.8 in periurban. Ninety eight percent of the urban and 95% of the periurban study population had heard of contraception, and 95% in urban area and 72% percent in periurban knew at least one method of contraception. The contraceptive prevalence in Awassa Town was 68.8%, and in the periurban area 48%. Among the non-users of family planning 50% in urban did not use due to desire to have more children and 26% did not use due to husbands or partners opposition to use family planning. Seventy one percent of women in the urban areas discontinued using family planning due to desire to have more children, and 61% in the periurban area. Unmet need for family planning in Awassa Town was 23.6% of which 13.0% for spacing and 10.5% for limiting of child birth and unmet need in periurban was 40% of which 32.7% for spacing and 7.4% for limiting birth. Seventy percent of women with unmet need have never used family planning methods. Sixty-four percent of women with unmet need for family planning had intention to use family planning in the near future. Knowledge about contraception, family size, place of residence, discussion with husbands and husband's attitude to wards contraception were found to be determinants of unmet need for contraception. Maximize access to good quality services. Improving the quality of family planning services and making contraceptives easier to obtain and use will help meet the need of many women
Entropic and Near-Field Improvements of Thermoradiative Cells
Creators: name: Hsu, Wei-Chun
name: Tong, Jonathan K.
name: Liao, Bolin
name: Huang, Yi
name: Boriskina, Svetlana V.
name: Chen, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A p-n junction maintained at above ambient temperature can work as a heat engine, converting some of the supplied heat into electricity and rejecting entropy by interband emission. Such thermoradiative cells have potential to harvest low-grade heat into electricity. By analyzing the entropy content of different spectral components of thermal radiation, we identify an approach to increase the efficiency of thermoradiative cells via spectrally selecting long-wavelength photons for radiative exchange. Furthermore, we predict that the near-field photon extraction by coupling photons generated from interband electronic transition to phonon polariton modes on the surface of a heat sink can increase the conversion efficiency as well as the power generation density, providing more opportunities to efficiently utilize terrestrial emission for clean energy. An ideal InSb thermoradiative cell can achieve a maximum efficiency and power density up to 20.4 % and 327 Wm-2, respectively, between a hot source at 500K and a cold sink at 300K. However, sub-bandgap and non-radiative losses will significantly degrade the cell performance.
Exoplanet Spectroscopy with JWST NIRISS: Diagnostics and Case Studies
Creators: name: Holmberg, Måns
name: Madhusudhan, Nikku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is ushering in a new era in remote sensing of exoplanetary atmospheres. Atmospheric retrievals of exoplanets can be highly sensitive to high-precision JWST data. It is, therefore, imperative to characterise the instruments and noise sources using early observations to enable robust characterisation of exoplanetary atmospheres using JWST-quality spectra. The present work is a step in that direction, focusing on the NIRISS SOSS instrument mode, with a wavelength coverage of 0.6 - 2.8 μm and R ~ 700. Using a custom-built pipeline, JExoRes, we investigate key diagnostics of NIRISS SOSS with observations of two giant exoplanets, WASP-39 b and WASP-96 b, as case studies. We conduct a detailed evaluation of the different aspects of the data reduction and analysis, including sources of contamination, 1/f noise, and system properties such as limb darkening. The slitless nature of NIRISS SOSS makes it susceptible to contamination due to background sources. We present a method to model and correct for dispersed field stars which can significantly improve the accuracy of the observed spectra. In doing so, we also report an empirically determined throughput function for the instrument. We find significant correlated noise in the derived spectra, which may be attributed to 1/f noise, and discuss its implications for spectral binning. We quantify the covariance matrix which would enable the consideration of correlated noise in atmospheric retrievals. Finally, we conduct a comparative assessment of NIRISS SOSS spectra of WASP-39 b reported using different pipelines and highlight important lessons for exoplanet spectroscopy with JWST NIRISS.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Impact of the tidal p-g instability on the gravitational wave signal from coalescing binary neutron stars
Creators: name: Essick, Reed
name: Vitale, Salvatore
name: Weinberg, Nevin N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies suggest that coalescing neutron stars are subject to a fluid instability involving the nonlinear coupling of the tide to $p$-modes and $g$-modes. Its influence on the inspiral dynamics and thus the gravitational wave signal is, however, uncertain because we do not know precisely how the instability saturates. Here we construct a simple, physically motivated model of the saturation that allows us to explore the instability's impact as a function of the model parameters. We find that for plausible assumptions about the saturation, current gravitational wave detectors might miss $> 70\%$ of events if only point particle waveforms are used. Parameters such as the chirp mass, component masses, and luminosity distance might also be significantly biased. On the other hand, we find that relatively simple modifications to the point particle waveform can alleviate these problems and enhance the science that emerges from the detection of binary neutron stars.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, 1 table
Anwendung von Zink-Nickel-Legierungen als Kadmiumersatz zum Korrosionsschutz hochfester Stähle
Creators: name: Gysen, Bert
Publisher: name: Universität Dortmund
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Cadmium
subject: Galvanisches Beschichten
subject: Korrosionsschutz
subject: Zink-Legierung
subject: Nickel-Legierung
subject: Hochfester Stahl
subject: 620

description: Das elektrolytische Beschichten mit grobkörnigen, für den Wasserstoff permeablen Kadmiumabscheidungen hat sich als Korrosionsschutz (Kathodenschutz) besonders auf ultrahochfesten Stählen seit 1960 in der Luft­ und Raumfahrt bewährt. Verschärfte ökologische Anforderungen zwingen nun auch zum dringenden Ersatz des umweltgiftigen Kadmiums in diesen Industriezweigen. Untersuchungen zeigen, daß elektrolytisch erzeugte Zink­Nickel­Legierungsschichten geeignet sind, Kadmium als verbesserten Kathodenschutz auch von ultrahochfesten Stählen zu ersetzen aufgrund ihres unedleren Elektrodenpotentials. Ihre höhere korrosive Belastbarkeit zeigt der Vergleich im Salzsprühtest, wobei solche aus dem alkalischen Elektrolyt einen besseren Korrosionsschutz bieten. Zeitstandversuche belegen, daß auch die bei der elektrolytischen Zink­Nickel­Beschichtung gefürchtete Wasserstoffversprödung von ultrahochfesten Stählen sowohl aus dem sauren als auch alkalischen Elektrolyt grundsätzlich durch eine Warmbehandlung (190°C,23h) bzw. durch Anwendung von Nickelzwischenschichten (1 bis 3 µm) einschließlich einer Warmbehandlung beherrschbar ist. Folgende Vorteile der Zn/Ni­Legierung des alkalischen Elektrolyts (Reflektalloy 200 Ni­J) konnten identifiziert werden: feinkörnige rißarme Struktur Verringerung der Härte HV 0,002 246 (Abscheidungszustand bei 5 A/dm 2 ) auf HV 0,002 120 nach der Warmbehandlung Aufbau von Druckeigenspannungen konstante Ni­Anteile (7 bis 9 %), stromdichteunabhängig nickelarme Phasen (Ni 3 Zn 22 bzw. NiZn 8 ) Umwandlung der nickelarmen Phasen während der Warmbehandlung in eine nickelreichere (Ni 5­X Zn 21­X ) und Reinzinkanteile Als Vorteil der Zn/Ni­Schichten des sauren Elektrolyts (CorroBan) bleibt die grobkörnige Struktur mit ihren durchgehenden Effusionskanälen für Wasserstoff sowie gute Korrosionsbeständigkeit nennenswert. Ihre eindeutigen Nachteile sind: ­ hohe Härte HV 0,005 364 nach der Warmbehandlung (190°C.23h), ­ Zugeigenspannungen, ­ durchgehende Risse durch die Körner nach der Warmbehandlung (190°C, 23h) ­ stark schwankender Nickelanteil (17 bis 7 %), stromdichteabhängig. Die Bewertung der Ergebnisse insgesamt legt als Ersatz für Kadmium die Anwendung der Zn/Ni­ Beschichtung des alkalischen Elektrolyts zum Korrosionsschutz von hochfesten Stählen nahe. Mit der elektrolytischen Zn/Ni­Beschichtung aus dem alkalischen Bad wurde ein adäquater Kadmiumersatz gefunden, der bei geeigneter Anpassung die Weiterverwendung bestehender elektrolytischer Beschichtungseinrichtungen ermöglicht.
The Solar Minimum Eclipse of 2019 July 2. III. Inferring the Coronal $T_e$ with a Radiative Differential Emission Measure Inversion
Creators: name: Boe, Benjamin
name: Downs, Cooper
name: Habbal, Shadia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Differential Emission Measure (DEM) inversion methods use the brightness of a set of emission lines to infer the line-of-sight (LOS) distribution of the electron temperature ($T_e$) in the corona. DEM inversions have been traditionally performed with collisionally excited lines at wavelengths in the Extreme Ultraviolet (EUV) and X-ray. However, such emission is difficult to observe beyond the inner corona (1.5 R$_\odot$), particularly in coronal holes. Given the importance of the $T_e$ distribution in the corona for exploring the viability of different heating processes, we introduce an analog of the DEM specifically for radiatively excited coronal emission lines, such as those observed during total solar eclipses (TSEs) and with coronagraphs. This Radiative DEM (R-DEM) inversion utilizes visible and infrared emission lines which are excited by photospheric radiation out to at least 3 R$_\odot$. Specifically, we use the Fe X (637 nm), Fe XI (789 nm), and Fe XIV (530 nm) coronal emission lines observed during the 2019 July 2 TSE near solar minimum. We find that despite a large $T_e$ spread in the inner corona, the distribution converges to an almost isothermal yet bimodal distribution beyond 1.4 R$_\odot$, with $T_e$ ranging from 1.1 to 1.4 in coronal holes, and from 1.4 to 1.65 MK in quiescent streamers. Application of the R-DEM inversion to the Predictive Science Inc. magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation for the 2019 eclipse validates the R-DEM method and yields a similar LOS Te distribution to the eclipse data.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Is resting state fMRI better than individual characteristics at predicting cognition?
Creators: name: Omidvarnia, Amir
name: Sasse, Leonard
name: Larabi, Daouia I.
name: Raimondo, Federico
name: Hoffstaedter, Felix
name: Kasper, Jan
name: Dukart, Juergen
name: Petersen, Marvin
name: Cheng, Bastian
name: Thomalla, Götz
name: Eickhoff, Simon B.
name: Patil, Kaustubh R.
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: doi:https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.02.18.529076
description: Resting state fMRI versus confounds for behavioral phenotypic predictionIs resting state fMRI better than individualcharacteristics at predicting cognition?Amir Omidvarnia1,2*, Leonard Sasse1,2, Daouia I. Larabi1,2, FedericoRaimondo1,2, Felix Hoffstaedter1,2, Jan Kasper1,2, Juergen Dukart1,2,Marvin Petersen3, Bastian Cheng3, Götz Thomalla3, Simon B. Eickhoff1,2,Kaustubh R. Patil1,21Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behavior (INM-7),Research Center Jülich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, 52428, Germany2Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich HeineUniversity Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany3Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Kopf- und Neurozentrum, UniversityMedical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany*Corresponding author(s). Email(s): a.omidvarnia@fz-juelich.deAbstractChanges in spontaneous brain activity at rest provide rich informationabout behavior and cognition. The mathematical properties of resting-statefunctional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) are a depiction of brainfunction and are frequently used to predict cognitive phenotypes.Individual characteristics such as age, gender, and total intracranial volume(TIV) play an important role in predictive modeling of rsfMRI (for example,as "confounders" in many cases). It is unclear, however, to what extentrsfMRI carries independent information from the individual characteristicsthat is able to predict cognitive phenotypes. Here, we used predictivemodeling to thoroughly examine the predictability of four cognitivephenotypes in 20,000 healthy UK Biobank subjects. We extracted commonrsfMRI features of functional brain connectivity (FC) and temporalcomplexity (TC). We assessed the ability of these features to predictoutcomes in the presence and absence of age, gender, and TIV. Additionally,we assessed the predictiveness of age, gender, and TIV only. We find TC andFC features to perform comparably with regard to predicting cognitivephenotypes. As compared to rsfMRI features, individual characteristicsprovide systematically better predictions with smaller sample sizes and, tosome extent, in larger cohorts. It is also consistent across different levels ofinherent temporal noise in rsfMRI. Our results suggest that when theobjective is to perform cognitive predictions as opposed to understandingthe relationship between brain and behavior, individual characteristics aremore applicable than rsfMRI features.
Το άλλως δύνασθαι πράττειν στην εξάρτηση (Ελευθερία της βούλησης και Ντετερμινισμός)
Creators: name: Κουνάδη, Αικατερίνη Αντωνίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2022
Subjects: Εξάρτηση
Ελευθερία Βούλησης
Ντετερμινισμός
Addiction
Free Will
Determinismus

description: Αντικείμενο μελέτης της παρούσας εργασίας είναι η ύπαρξη ή μη της ελευθερίας της βούλησης του ατόμου και ιδίως του εξαρτημένου από ουσίες. Λαμβάνοντας υπόψη αφενός τα δεδομένα της ιατρικής επιστήμης, της βιολογίας, της γενετικής και της ψυχολογίας ως προς την εξάρτηση και τις ουσίες και αφετέρου τη σχετική κείμενη ποινική νομοθεσία, δηλαδή τα άρθρα του Ποινικού Κώδικα περί διατάραξης της συνείδησης (34-36 ΠΚ) και το Νόμο περί Ναρκωτικών (Ν. 4139/2013), σε συνδυασμό με πραγματικά στοιχεία από βιογραφίες και αναφορές γνωστών προσωπικοτήτων που ήταν εξαρτημένοι χρήστες, σε διάφορες ιστορικές περιόδους, διερευνάται κατά πόσον η ύπαρξη μας είναι ντετερμινιστικά προκαθορισμένη.
description: The objective of this assignment is to examine if there is free will particularly for those addicted to drugs. Biological, genetic and psychological data on substance addiction and the penal legislation relative to this matter were studied. This included the Penal code on the disturbance of consciousness (Articles 34-36) and the Narcotics Law (Law 4139|2013) along with case histories and reports from public figures who were addicted during various periods of their life. The aforementioned data were researched in order to evaluate to what extend our existence is deterministically predetermined.
description: Σε συνεργασία με: Πανεπιστήμιο Λευκωσίας (Κύπρος)
Exploring the fluorescence and supramolecular properties of core-substituted naphthalene diimides
Creators: name: Jani., Chintan H.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Assessment of Magnitude and Factors of Occupational Injure among Workers in Large scale Metal Manufacturing Industries in Addis Ababa
Creators: name: Habtu, Yitagesu
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2010

description: Background: The burden of occupational injury in most developing countries including Ethiopia is becoming a public health problem. Therefore, information that shows the magnitude and predictors of occupational injury in most risky work places in Ethiopia such as metal processing and working industries is indispensable to inform proper intervention programs to have healthy workforce and sound economic development. Objective: This study is intended to assess the magnitude and factors affecting occupational injuries among workers engaged in large scale metal manufacturing industries in Addis Ababa. Method: Institutional cross sectional study was conducted in Addis Ababa from February to March 2010. 50% of large scale metal manufacturing industries were selected by simple random sampling after stratification. Then, calculated sample size was allocated for each industry by PPS. And then, Study subjects were stratified by working sections and those who were directly engaged in the work were selected from each stratum by simple random sampling after preparing a frame from payroll of those industries. Structured questionnaire was designed to collect information on outcome variables and factors. Observational checklist and in-depth interview with key informants was held to triangulate the information with quantitative findings. Result: The overall prevalence of occupational injury was 489 per 1000 exposed workers per year. 119(29.4%) of injured workers were hospitalized or stayed at home bed with 98(82.4%) for 24 or more working hours and one death was reported in 12 months. Sex of workers [AOR:3.32, 95%CI: (1.88,5.85)],Safety and health supervision [AOR: 1.60,95%CI:(1.03,2.60)], Hours worked per week [AOR: 2.37,(95%CI:(1.55,3.61)], Cigarette smoking [AOR: 3.36,95%CI: (1.73,6.50) ] and presence of functional danger signs/ posts [AOR: 2.65,(95%CI: (1.67,4.19)] were significantly associated factors with magnitude of occupational injury. Conclusion and Recommendation: The burden of occupational injury in metal manufacturing industry is really significant public health problem. So continues health and safety information, basic occupational health services and additional cohort study for factors should be undertaken. Key words: occupational injury, large scale metal manufacturing industries