cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hydrodynamic Waves in an Anomalous Charged Fluid
Creators: name: Abbasi, Navid
name: Davody, Ali
name: Hejazi, Kasra
name: Rezaei, Zahra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the collective excitations in a relativistic fluid with an anomalous $U(1)$ current. In $3+1$ dimensions at zero chemical potential, in addition to ordinary sound modes we find two propagating modes in presence of an external magnetic field. The first one which is a transverse degenerate mode, propagates with a velocity proportional to the coefficient of gravitational anomaly; this is in fact the Chiral Alfvén wave recently found in \cite{Yamamoto:2015ria}. Another one is a wave of density perturbation, namely a chiral magnetic wave (CMW). The velocity dependence of CMW on the chiral anomaly coefficient is well known. We compute the dependence of CMW's velocity on the coefficient of gravitational anomaly as well. We also show that the dissipation splits the degeneracy of CAW. At finite chiral charge density we show that in general there may exist five chiral hydrodynamic waves. Of these five waves, one is the CMW while the other four are mixed Modified Sound-Alfvén waves. It turns out that in propagation transverse to the magnetic field no anomaly effect appear while in parallel to the magnetic field we find sound waves become dispersive due to anomaly.
description: 7 pages, 1 fig, 2 tables; references added; finite density computations added (PLB published version)
Push button reproduction attempt of a research claim from Paler, L. (2013) in American Political Science Review
Creators: name: Talbert, Eli
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Holding spending constant, taxes are more likely than windfalls to motivate citizens to monitor government (H1). This reflects the following statement from the paper's abstract: "The results — from an original survey and postcard campaign — indicate that the tax treatment increased monitoring and anti-incumbent political action." The claim was tested with revenue and information experiments that were overlapped in a cross-cutting design and embedded in a public awareness campaign conducted one-on-one by canvassers in participants’ homes. The basic campaign, which all participants received, was designed to familiarize citizens in Blora with the concept of the district budget and the role of elected officials in managing it. The revenue experiment involved a windfall treatment and a tax treatment. In the windfall treatment, participants did not have to provide any of the money the canvasser had provided them to learn about district government revenue; in the tax treatment, the canvasser used some of the money previously provided to illustrate the district government revenue. The dependent variable selected as evidence for the SCORE program is a question about participants’ willingness to learn more in the future about how the district government manages public funds. The unbiased estimate of the average treatment effect is obtained with a difference in mean outcomes for the tax and windfall groups. The tax group was five percentage points more willing to monitor the budget than the windfall group. This result is significant at the 99 percent confidence level (tax treatment effect = 0.05, Neyman SE = 0.02, randomization inference p-value = 0.003, false discovery rate q value = 0.011). The focal test in the original paper is: tax treatment effect = 0.05, Neyman SE = 0.02, randomization inference p-value = 0.003, false discovery rate q value = 0.011
Exchange Correlation Functional Investigation of RT-TDDFT on a Sodium Chloride Dimer
Creators: name: Straughn, Philip
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Charge transfer between Na and Cl ions is an important problem in physical chemistry.
However, describing the phenomenon using computational chemistry approaches remains a
challenge, especially when using calculations based on density functional theory (DFT).
Furthermore, while extension of DFT to the time domain, in principle, allows us to investigate
the quantum dynamics of the charge transfer, the result could depend strongly on the
approximated exchange-correlation effects among electrons in such calculations. This project
studies the dependence of real-time time-dependent DFT (RT-TDDFT) calculations on the
exchange-correlation approximation. We examine the viability of RT-TDDFT approach to study
charge transfer dynamics in a NaCl dimer. Excitation spectra can be related to the changes in
dipole moment in the electron dynamics, and spectral dependence on Na-Cl separation is
investigated using various exchange-correlation approximations. In particular, the performance
of the meta generalized gradient approximation (meta-GGA) functional SCAN is found to be
similar to the hybrid functional PBE0 for charge separation, excitation spectra, and charge
transfer dynamics calculations at many distances.
Dual-horizon Peridynamics
Creators: name: Ren, Huilong
name: Zhuang, Xiaoying
name: Cai, Yongchang
name: Rabczuk, Timon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we develop a new Peridynamic approach that naturally includes varying horizon sizes and completely solves the "ghost force" issue. Therefore, the concept of dual-horizon is introduced to consider the unbalanced interactions between the particles with different horizon sizes. The present formulation is proved to fulfill both the balances of linear momentum and angular momentum. Neither the "partial stress tensor" nor the "`slice" technique are needed to ameliorate the ghost force issue in \cite{Silling2014}. The consistency of reaction forces is naturally fulfilled by a unified simple formulation. The method can be easily implemented to any existing peridynamics code with minimal changes. A simple adaptive refinement procedure is proposed minimizing the computational cost. The method is applied here to the three Peridynamic formulations, namely bond based, ordinary state based and non-ordinary state based Peridynamics. Both two- and three- dimensional examples including the Kalthof-Winkler experiment and plate with branching cracks are tested to demonstrate the capability of the method in solving wave propagation, fracture and adaptive analysis .
Strong long-range relaxations of structural defects in graphene simulated using a new semi-empirical potential
Creators: name: Jain, Sandeep K.
name: Barkema, Gerard T.
name: Mousseau, Normand
name: Fang, Chang-Ming
name: van Huis, Marijn A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new semi-empirical potential for graphene, which includes also an out-of-plane energy term. This novel potential is developed from density functional theory (DFT) calculations for small numbers of atoms, and can be used for configurations with millions of atoms. Our simulations show that buckling caused by typical defects such as the Stone-Wales (SW) defect extends to hundreds of nanometers. Surprisingly, this long-range relaxation lowers the defect formation energy dramatically - by a factor of $2$ or $3$ - implying that previously published DFT-calculated defect formation energies suffer from large systematic errors. We also show the applicability of the novel potential to other long-range defects including line dislocations and grain boundaries, all of which exhibit pronounced out-of-plane relaxations. We show that the energy as a function of dislocation separation diverges logarithmically for flat graphene, but converges to a constant for free standing buckled graphene. A potential in which the atoms are attracted to the 2D plane restores the logarithmic behaviour of the energy. Future simulations employing this potential will elucidate the influence of the typical long-range buckling and rippling on the physical properties of graphene.
Effects of an Online Program on Attitudes to Death in OCD
Creators: name: Julien, Alex
name: Menzies, Rachel
name: Menzies, Ross
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This study aims to examine whether an online treatment targeting fears of death may reduce OCD symptoms. Recent research by the present research team has shown that death anxiety contributes to OCD. Recent research has also shown that death anxiety can be treated using Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (CBT). However, it is not yet known whether directly treating death fears with CBT will improve OCD symptoms. The results of this study will help shape and inform future treatments for OCD, to ensure optimal care and patient improvement. This is particularly the case given that online treatments have been proposed as an ideal solution to the growing mental health demands of the public, given their low cost, flexibility, anonymity, and accessibility to individuals in rural or remote areas.
A Doctrinal Analysis of the Academic Judgment Immunity within Higher Education in England
Creators: name: Perlen, Trish
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2023

description: In England, decisions involving matters of academic judgment are the only type of university decision provided with legal immunity. However, adverse academic decisions with respect to assessment can have long-lasting impacts upon students. A significant issue with respect to the academic judgment immunity is that it is opaque. No singular legal definition or legal test exists despite being applied by the judiciary for centuries and subsequently codified into legislation. Further, academic judgment is a core component of academic decision-making in the university context but remains an elusive concept in higher education research. To define what academic judgment encompasses, the doctrinal research methodology was applied to analyse 76 cases and to interpret relevant legislation. To avoid a highly theoretical outcome, higher education literature was utilised to establish where academic judgment resides in the university context. The outcomes of this thesis have provided several significant original contributions to knowledge including articulating the scope of the academic judgment immunity in the university context, defining the scope of the academic judgment immunity in the legal context, developing a common law and legislative definition of academic judgment, and explaining the importance of following prescribed university policies and procedures. A further significant outcome, and original contribution of this thesis, was the determination that while decisions made with respect to a student’s final assessment result were protected by the academic judgment immunity this did not extend to decisions made with respect to the assessment process. It was determined that a student can challenge a university decision, even when it touches upon matters of academic judgment, where it can be evidenced that a university has failed to follow its own internal assessment processes and procedures or, where there is an element of unfairness in the decision-making process.
Prediction of novel final phases in aged uranium-niobium alloys
Creators: name: Pan, Xiao L.
name: Wang, Hao
name: Zhang, Lei L.
name: Wang, Yu F.
name: Chen, Xiang R.
name: Geng, Hua Y.
name: Chen, Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ordered intermetallics are long believed to be the final products of the aging of U-Nb solid solutions at low temperatures, a crucial property for the practical applications of this alloy in engineering and industry. However, such conjectured ordered compounds have not been experimentally or theoretically established. Herein, numerical evidence for ordered intermetallic U-Nb compounds is presented using thorough first-principles structure predictions up to 500 GPa. Two stable U2Nb compounds and one metastable U2Nb and one metastable U3Nb were discovered. A unique hybridized transition driven by pressure was observed in U2Nb, which is a superposition of one first-order transition and another second-order transition, leading to striking features near the transition pressure of 21.6 GPa. The decomposition limit of these compounds at high temperature was also investigated. The strong stability of U2Nb in the region of low pressure and high temperature was revealed. This discovery of ordered U2Nb and its strong stability over a wide pressure range completely changed the phase diagram of U-Nb alloys and shed new light on the dynamic response and aging mechanism of U-Nb alloys.
description: 21 pages, 16 figures, with Supplementary Material
Search for the associated production of a Higgs boson with a single top quark in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the search for the production of a Higgs boson in association with a single top quark (tHq), using data collected in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 inverse femtobarns. The search exploits a variety of Higgs boson decay modes resulting in final states with photons, bottom quarks, and multiple charged leptons, including tau leptons, and employs a variety of multivariate techniques to maximize sensitivity to the signal. The analysis is optimized for the opposite sign of the Yukawa coupling to that in the standard model and corresponding to a large enhancement of the signal cross section. In the absence of an excess of candidate signal events over the background predictions, 95% confidence level observed (expected) upper limits on anomalous tHq production are set, ranging between 600 (450) fb and 1000 (700) fb depending on the assumed diphoton branching fraction of the Higgs boson. This is the first time that results on anomalous tHq production have been reported.
description: Replaced with published version. Added the journal reference and DOI. All figures and tables, including additional figures, can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIG-14-027/index.html
Ida-Tallinna Keskhaiglas 2020. aastal teostatud koloskoopiate vastavus Euroopa Gastrointestinaalse Endoskoopia Ühingu kvaliteediparameetritele
Creators: name: Zimmerer, Thomas
name: Tammaru, Marika
name: Velsberg, Anna-Liisa
Publisher: name: Eesti Arst
Year: 2023

description: Jämesoolevähk on sage haigus, mille esinemissagedus Eestis on kasvutendentsiga. Osa jämesoolevähkidest diagnoositakse intervallvähina – koloskoopial võivad vähieelsed seisundid jääda märkamata ja vähk diagnoositakse 3–5 aastat peale protseduuri. Seega on protseduuri kvaliteet kriitilise tähtsusega, et paremini hinnata vähieelseid muutusi sooles. Uuringu eesmärk oli hinnata Ida-Tallinna Keskhaiglas (ITK) 2020. aastal läbiviidud koloskoopiate kvaliteeti Euroopa Gastrointestinaalse Endoskoopia Ühingu kvaliteedistandarditest lähtudes. Kliinilisel andmebaasil eHealth põhineva läbilõikeuuringu andmeallikad olid ITKs ajavahemikul 01.01.–31.12.2020 tehtud koloskoopiate saatekirjad, protseduuride kirjeldused ning koloskoopia käigus võetud materjalide histoloogilise uuringu vastused. Kogutud andmed näitavad, et ITK gastroenteroloogia keskuses tehtud koloskoopiad vastavad kolmes olulises punktis – umbsoolde jõudmise määr, koloskoobi väljatoomise aeg ja adenoomide avastamise määr (ADR) – rahvusvahelistele standarditele. Protseduurieelse jämesoole ettevalmistuses kvaliteedieesmärki ei saavutatud.
description: Eesti Arst, 2023: September
Get Legit or Quit: NGO advocacy and legitimacy efforts on the European Immigration Crisis
Creators: name: Gamo, Laura
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Public relations professionals have generally considered issue management to be one of the primary ways in which public relations helps organizations influence public policy. Recently scholars have begun to expand past the corporate perspective to explore how activist groups and non-state actors, such as nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), employ issue management public relations campaigns. Researchers have argued NGOs and coalitions have made significant contributions to civil society and to democracy. One of the main ways these actors contribute to society is by challenging and affecting public policy decisions. Crucial to these contributions is the ability of these groups to convince publics of the legitimacy of their issue and themselves as actors. This study explored how Coombs’ (1992) managerial-focused categories for legitimacy can be applied to NGO issue management efforts in the wake of crises. This study employed a content analysis on the communicative efforts of five NGOs and news articles covering the NGOs working in the space of the European immigration crisis. The findings showed that Coombs’ bases for legitimacy are present in NGO public relations documents, that different NGOs seem to rely more heavily on certain bases than others, and that efforts of legitimacy building may be present across organizations’ public relations materials and news coverage—seemingly aiding NGO legitimacy building efforts. These findings expand issue management literature focused on advocacy groups in an international context and also explore how legitimacy claims, specifically, can be found and utilized to build an agenda in public relations material and news coverage. These findings also aid practitioners in understanding how to better engage in issue management in an international context and how to improve the effectiveness of advocacy efforts.
Teacher Language, Executive Function, and Students’ Strategy Use in Memory and Mathematics
Creators: name: Chandler, Madison C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The purpose of the present study is to examine teachers’ use of cognitive processing
language (CPL), which facilitates high levels of processing and metacognition, as it relates to
first-grade students’ strategy use in the context of memory and mathematics performance. In
addition, child-level executive functioning (EF) is explored by studying the ways in which EF is
associated with student performance in both of these domains. Finally, an effort is made to
examine the interaction between EF and CPL so as to understand the joint effects of
environmental and child-level variables in relation to students’ strategy use in memory and math.
Data were collected over the course of one academic year from a sample of 14 teachers and 87
students in the form of classroom observations and individual child assessments. Following the
coding of teacher instructional style and the scoring of child-level EF, two median splits were
performed: teachers were classified as either “high-CPL” or “low-CPL,” and students were
characterized as either “high-EF” or “low-EF.” Student outcomes on a memory and a math task
were then analyzed as a function of both classroom environment and individual levels of
executive functioning. Previous findings from this area of research were replicated, showing that
teachers vary naturally in the extent to which they incorporate CPL during math instruction.
Only one of the proposed hypotheses was supported by evidence: low-EF children in high-CPL
classrooms outperformed low-EF students in low-CPL classrooms by the end of the year on one
measure of memory strategy use. This study was an important step in the direction of studying
the interplay between student-level and classroom-level factors that may interact in meaningful
ways in the context of student performance.
Foreign participation in federal biddings: A quantitative approach using the procurement panel
Creators: name: Ferreira, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The bidding is the Public Administration's administrative process and other designated persons by law to select the best proposal, through objective and impersonal criteria, for contracting services and purchasing goods. In times of globalization, it is common for companies seeking to expand their business by participating in biddings. Brazilian legislation allows the participation of foreign suppliers in bids held in the country. Through a quantitative approach, this article discusses the weight of foreign suppliers' involvement in federal bidding between 2011 and 2018. To this end, a literature review was conducted on public procurement and international biddings. Besides, an extensive data search was achieved through the Federal Government Procurement Panel. The results showed that between 2011 and 2018, more than R\$ 422.6 billion was confirmed in public procurement processes, and of this total, about R\$ 28.9 billion was confirmed to foreign suppliers. The Ministry of Health accounted for approximately 88.67% of these confirmations. The Invitation, Competition and International Competition modalities accounted for 0.83% of the amounts confirmed to foreign suppliers. Impossible Bidding, Waived Bidding, and Reverse Auction modalities accounted for 99.17% of the confirmed quantities to foreign suppliers. Based on the discussion of the results and the limitations found, some directions for further studies and measures to increase public resources expenditures' effectiveness and efficiency are suggested.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Memristor Load Current Mirror Circuit
Creators: name: Krestinskaya, Olga
name: Fedorova, Irina
name: James, Alex Pappachen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Simple current mirrors with semiconductor resistive loads suffer from large on-chip area, leakage currents and thermal effects. In this paper, we report the feasibility of using memristive loads as a replacement of semiconductor resistors in simplistic current mirror configuration. We report power, area and total harmonic distribution, and report the corner conditions on resistance tolerances.
description: 4th International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informaticst, IEEE, August, 2015
The Effects of Metformin on Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Antibody Response in Obese Individuals
Creators: name: Iftikhar, Yaser
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: In order to determine if the type 2 diabetes medication metformin has an effect on antibody response to influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 antigenic exposure in obese individuals, we observed hemagglutination inhibition antibody titers in a group of obese type 2 diabetics currently prescribed metformin (n = 36) and compared them to a group of obese controls matched to metformin users on the basis of age, sex, race, and BMI (n = 36); for each individual, titers were measured in serum collected prior to vaccination as well as 30 days post-vaccination.  No statistically significant differences in mean post-vaccination titer or in mean fold increase in titer from pre- to post-vaccination were observed between the two groups.  Interestingly, however, the metformin group had significantly greater variance in its post-vaccination titers than the obese non-metformin group and the highest titers observed were only seen in the metformin group, suggesting the need for further investigation.
Building the Next Generation of Data Savvy Biomedical Researchers
Creators: name: Dierkes, Jens
name: Lindstädt, Birte
name: Sax, Ulrich
name: Hastik, Canan
name: Fürst, Julia
name: Hörner, Tanja
name: Klammt, Sebastian
name: Perrar, Ines
name: Pigeot, Iris
name: Restel, Katja
name: Schmidt, Carsten Oliver
name: Shutsko, Aliaksandra
name: Waltemath, Dagmar
name: Zeleke, Atinkut
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Data Literacy
Training
Life Sciences
Health Informatics
Promoting RDM

description: The poster describes the training activities on Research Data Management (RDM) within the NFDI4Health - the National Research Data Infrastructure for Personal Health Data.
description: We acknowledge funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG): NFDI4Health no. 442326535; the Federal Ministry for Science and Education (BMBF) and EU's Reconstruction and Resilience Facility: Data Literacy Alliance (DALIA): no. 16DWWQP07A; and support by the U Bremen Research Alliance and the Federal State of Bremen.
Networkcontrology
Creators: name: Motter, Adilson E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: An increasing number of complex systems are now modeled as networks of coupled dynamical entities. Nonlinearity and high-dimensionality are hallmarks of the dynamics of such networks but have generally been regarded as obstacles to control. Here I discuss recent advances on mathematical and computational approaches to control high-dimensional nonlinear network dynamics under general constraints on the admissible interventions. I also discuss the potential of network control to address pressing scientific problems in various disciplines.
description: Review article on control of network dynamics published as part of the 25th Anniversary Issue of Chaos
The Condensate from Torus Knots
Creators: name: Gorsky, A.
name: Milekhin, A.
name: Sopenko, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss recently formulated instanton-torus knot duality in $Ω$-deformed 5D SQED on $\mathbb{R}^4 \times S^1$ focusing at the microscopic aspects of the condensate formation in the instanton ensemble. Using the chain of dualities and geometric transitions we embed the SQED with a surface defect into the $SU(2)$ SQCD with $N_f=4$ and identify the numbers $(n,m)$ of the torus $T_{n,m}$ knot as instanton charge and electric charge. The HOMFLY torus knot invariants in the fundamental representation provide entropic factor in the condensate of the massless flavor counting the degeneracy of the instanton--W-boson web with instanton and electric numbers $(n,m)$ but different spin and flavor content. Using the inverse geometrical transition we explain how our approach is related to the evaluation of the HOMFLY invariants in terms of Wilson loop in 3d CS theory. The reduction to 4D theory is briefly considered and some analogy with baryon vertex is conjectured.
description: 46 pages, 16 figures
The Effects of Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy Treatment on Influenza Vaccine Antibody Response of Cancer Survivors
Creators: name: Howard, Rachel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The immune response of cancer patients is depressed in comparison to
healthly individuals. Previous studies have shown that many components of B
and T cell immunity are deficient during the active phase of cancer treatment,
and some cancer patients are at twice the risk of being infected with influenza
virus in comparison to the general population. In this study, the antibody
response of cancer patients to H1N1 influenza virus was analyzed and compared
to non-cancer participants matched by race, age, and BMI. Serum samples were
collected from study participants pre and post influenza vaccination.
Hemagglutination inhibition assay was performed to determine pre vaccination
antibody titer, post vaccination antibody titer, fold increase of antibodies, and
percent of participants protected from influenza virus. It was determined that
cancer survivors who were exposed to chemotherapy and radiation therapy in
the past had significantly lower H1N1 influenza virus antibody response in
comparison to their non-cancer matches. Post vaccination antibody titers and
fold increase of cancer survivors showed no significant difference in comparison
to the control group. However, cancer survivors still had difficulty reaching an
antibody titer considered protective against influenza virus, as half of this group
was unable to develop an adequate antibody immune response post vaccination.
This suggests that dysregulation in the immune system of cancer survivors
caused by previous chemotherapy and radiation therapy treatment and/or cancer
itself could be inhibiting the ability of cancer survivors to develop adequate
protection from influenza vaccination.
An eigensystem approach to Anderson localization
Creators: name: Elgart, Alexander
name: Klein, Abel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B44 (Primary) 47B80, 60H25, 81Q10 (Secondary)

description: We introduce a new approach for proving localization (pure point spectrum with exponentially decaying eigenfunctions, dynamical localization) for the Anderson model at high disorder. In contrast to the usual strategy, we do not study finite volume Green's functions. Instead, we perform a multiscale analysis based on finite volume eigensystems (eigenvalues and eigenfunctions). Information about eigensystems at a given scale is used to derive information about eigensystems at larger scales. This eigensystem multiscale analysis treats all energies of the finite volume operator at the same time, establishing level spacing and localization of eigenfunctions in a fixed box with high probability. A new feature is the labeling of the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions by the sites of the box.
The identification of mediating effects using genome-based restricted maximum likelihood estimation.
Creators: name: Rietveld, Cornelius A
name: De Vlaming, Ronald
name: Slob, Eric AW
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Humans
Likelihood Functions
Genome-Wide Association Study
Genome
Phenotype
Multifactorial Inheritance

description: Funder: NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100018956
description: Mediation analysis is commonly used to identify mechanisms and intermediate factors between causes and outcomes. Studies drawing on polygenic scores (PGSs) can readily employ traditional regression-based procedures to assess whether trait M mediates the relationship between the genetic component of outcome Y and outcome Y itself. However, this approach suffers from attenuation bias, as PGSs capture only a (small) part of the genetic variance of a given trait. To overcome this limitation, we developed MA-GREML: a method for Mediation Analysis using Genome-based Restricted Maximum Likelihood (GREML) estimation. Using MA-GREML to assess mediation between genetic factors and traits comes with two main advantages. First, we circumvent the limited predictive accuracy of PGSs that regression-based mediation approaches suffer from. Second, compared to methods employing summary statistics from genome-wide association studies, the individual-level data approach of GREML allows to directly control for confounders of the association between M and Y. In addition to typical GREML parameters (e.g., the genetic correlation), MA-GREML estimates (i) the effect of M on Y, (ii) the direct effect (i.e., the genetic variance of Y that is not mediated by M), and (iii) the indirect effect (i.e., the genetic variance of Y that is mediated by M). MA-GREML also provides standard errors of these estimates and assesses the significance of the indirect effect. We use analytical derivations and simulations to show the validity of our approach under two main assumptions, viz., that M precedes Y and that environmental confounders of the association between M and Y are controlled for. We conclude that MA-GREML is an appropriate tool to assess the mediating role of trait M in the relationship between the genetic component of Y and outcome Y. Using data from the US Health and Retirement Study, we provide evidence that genetic effects on Body Mass Index (BMI), cognitive functioning and self-reported health in later life run partially through educational attainment. For mental health, we do not find significant evidence for an indirect effect through educational attainment. Further analyses show that the additive genetic factors of these four outcomes do partially (cognition and mental health) and fully (BMI and self-reported health) run through an earlier realization of these traits.
Partizipative Wissenschaftskommunikation – Ergänzung zur AG Partizipation der #FactoryWisskomm
Creators: name: Schrögel, Philipp
name: Hecker, Susanne
name: Mayer, Mathias
name: Unterleitner, Kathrin
name: König, Tatjana
name: Brandt, Stefan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Wissenschaftskommunikation
Partizipation

description: Paradigmenwechsel in der Wissenschaftskommunikation In den letzten Dekaden vollzog sich in der Wissenschaftskommunikation eine Erweiterung des Spektrums von rein informierenden und wissensvermittelnden hin zu stärker interaktiven und partizipativen Formaten. Dieser Trend trägt der grundsätzlichen Gemeinwohlorientierung von Wissenschaft Rechnung und entspricht zugleich dem wachsenden Bedürfnis von Bürger:innen, wissenschaftlich-technische Entwicklungen mit immer weitreichenderen gesellschaftlichen Auswirkungen mitzugestalten.
Theory of radial oscillations in metal nanoparticles driven by optically induced electron density gradients
Creators: name: Salzwedel, Robert
name: Knorr, Andreas
name: Hoeing, Dominik
name: Lange, Holger
name: Selig, Malte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a microscopic approach to describe the onset of radial oscillation of a silver nanoparticle. Using the Heisenberg equation of motion framework, we find that the coupled ultrafast dynamics of coherently excited electron occupation and the coherent phonon amplitude initiate periodic size oscillations of the nanoparticle. Compared to the established interpretation of experiments, our results show a more direct coupling mechanism between the field intensity and coherent phonons. This interaction triggers a size oscillation via an optically induced electron density gradient occurring directly with the optical excitation. This source is more efficient than the incoherent heating process currently discussed in the literature and well-describes the early onset of the oscillations in recent experiments.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
Self-Concept Clarity and Trauma
Creators: name: Walker, Laura
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Self-Concept Clarity
Trauma
Systematic Literature Review
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

description: Self-concept clarity (SCC) is defined as “the extent to which the contents of an individual’s self-concept (e.g., perceived personal attributes) are clearly and confidently defined, internally consistent, and temporally stable,” (Campbell et al., 1996, p.141). This thesis aimed to identify and examine the relationships between SCC and traumatic events and how SCC might play a role in influencing outcomes for trauma survivors. Chapter one encompasses a systematic literature review examining associations between SCC and traumas. Systematic searches were conducted in five databases (PsycInfo, PsycArticles, PUBMED, CINAHL and Web of Science). Sixteen eligible studies were included, exploring SCC alongside childhood trauma, bereavement, sexual assault, birth trauma and terrorism. There was consistent evidence linking SCC with childhood adversity and specific traumatic events during adulthood. Chapter two describes an empirical study that aimed to explore whether SCC mediated the relationship between trauma during childhood or adulthood and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. A clinical sample of primary care mental health service users was recruited via email to participate in an online survey capturing information about demographic, SCC, PTSD symptoms and traumatic experiences (the nature of the trauma, the age at which it happened and whether it was repeated). Analyses revealed that SCC played a mediating role between trauma age and PTSD outcomes. There was a stronger association between lower SCC and higher PTSD outcomes in those who had been traumatised during childhood compared those who had experienced trauma exclusively in adulthood. Clinical implications, limitations and future directions for research are discussed. Chapter three provides a critical appraisal of the two previous chapters, including an overview of the findings, critical reflections and the strengths and limitations of the project.
Scaling Smart Cities: An Analysis of how Small Cities Implement Smart Technologies
Creators: name: Theurer, Ryan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Smart cities have become an incredibly pertinent and intriguing topic across the United States over the last decade. While there is a lot of excitement, many of the testing and research of this new trend has occurred in large cities. This study aims to examine how small cities implement these smart technologies. Furthermore, this study aims to figure out the common obstacles, technologies, and strategies small cities use to incorporate these projects. These research questions are explored through the lenses of the Top-down/Bottom-up model of project implementation and the Quadruple Helix Model of innovation creation. The findings of this study suggest that small cities have similar problems finding funding, obtaining skilled labor, and identifying proven smart city implementation strategies. This study also found that small cities generally implement city management, utility, and transportation technologies when working on smart city projects. Small cities were also found to use similar strategies when implementing smart city technologies. These strategies were; acquiring state and federal funding, collaborating with private industry, and interacting closely with their constituents. This study also found that small cities feel as if there are some big benefits that come with being their size. These benefits are; better interaction with citizens, less bureaucratic inflexibility, and a more controlled testing environment for piloting projects. This study recommends that small cities take a more proactive strategy by approaching government, industry, and university entities for help in implementing smart city projects. This study also recommends that government, industry, and university entities leverage small cities more and take advantage of their beneficial attributes.
The Herschel Point Source Catalogue
Creators: name: Marton, Gábor
name: Schulz, Bernhard
name: Altieri, Bruno
name: Calzoletti, Luca
name: Kiss, Csaba
name: Lim, Tanya
name: Lu, Nanyao
name: Paladini, Roberta
name: Papageorgiou, Andreas
name: Pearson, Chris
name: Rector, John
name: Shupe, David
name: Valtchanov, Ivan
name: Varga-Verebélyi, Erika
name: Xu, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Herschel Space Observatory was the fourth cornerstone mission in the European Space Agency (ESA) science programme with excellent broad band imaging capabilities in the sub-mm and far-infrared part of the spectrum. Although the spacecraft finished its observations in 2013, it left a large legacy dataset that is far from having been fully scrutinised and still has a large potential for new scientific discoveries. This is specifically true for the photometric observations of the PACS and SPIRE instruments. Some source catalogues have already been produced by individual observing programs, but there are many observations that risk to remain unexplored. To maximise the science return of the SPIRE and PACS data sets, we are in the process of building the Herschel Point Source Catalogue (HPSC) from all primary and parallel mode observations. Our homogeneous source extraction enables a systematic and unbiased comparison of sensitivity across the different Herschel fields that single programs will generally not be able to provide. The catalogue will be made available online through archives like the Herschel Science Archive (HSA), the Infrared Science Archive (IRSA), and the Strasbourg Astronomical Data Center (CDS).
description: 2 pages, 1 figure
Atomic and Molecular Data for Optical Stellar Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Heiter, U.
name: Lind, K.
name: Asplund, M.
name: Barklem, P. S.
name: Bergemann, M.
name: Magrini, L.
name: Masseron, T.
name: Mikolaitis, Š.
name: Pickering, J. C.
name: Ruffoni, M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-precision spectroscopy of large stellar samples plays a crucial role for several topical issues in astrophysics. Examples include studying the chemical structure and evolution of the Milky Way galaxy, tracing the origin of chemical elements, and characterizing planetary host stars. Data are accumulating from instruments that obtain high-quality spectra of stars in the ultraviolet, optical and infrared wavelength regions on a routine basis. These instruments are located at ground-based 2- to 10-m class telescopes around the world, in addition to the spectrographs with unique capabilities available at the Hubble Space Telescope. The interpretation of these spectra requires high-quality transition data for numerous species, in particular neutral and singly ionized atoms, and di- or triatomic molecules. We rely heavily on the continuous efforts of laboratory astrophysics groups that produce and improve the relevant experimental and theoretical atomic and molecular data. The compilation of the best available data is facilitated by databases and electronic infrastructures such as the NIST Atomic Spectra Database, the VALD database, or the Virtual Atomic and Molecular Data Centre (VAMDC). We illustrate the current status of atomic data for optical stellar spectra with the example of the Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey. Data sources for 35 chemical elements were reviewed in an effort to construct a line list for a homogeneous abundance analysis of up to 100000 stars.
description: Published 30 April 2015 in Physica Scripta
Positive automatic thoughts and romantic love
Creators: name: Schenker, Victoria
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Positive automatic thoughts, thoughts that are both positively valenced and unintentional, are a popular concept related to romantic love, but there is virtually no previous empirical research on this topic. Drawing on Fredrickson’s (2013) notion of micro-moments of positivity resonance, in which two people engage with one another in interactions marked by mutual care and concern, I theorize that positive automatic thoughts – especially in the absence of the other - may serve to draw people to their significant others to have more of these micro-moments, and therefore to be happier and healthier. In the present study, I examined the relationship between positive automatic thoughts and romantic love through three online questionnaires. Being in love predicted increased automatic thought frequency. Automatic thought frequency was also associated with greater feelings of interpersonal connectedness and greater relationship satisfaction. Automatic thought frequency predicted explicit wanting to spend time with the partner above and beyond prior explicit wanting and was marginally significant in predicting hours spent with the other above and beyond hours spent with the other reported in the previous questionnaire. These results support some of the predicted connections between automatic thought frequency and romantic love and coincide with the notion that these thoughts may serve as nudges toward micro-moments of positivity resonance.
3Mformer: Multi-order Multi-mode Transformer for Skeletal Action Recognition
Creators: name: Wang, Lei
name: Koniusz, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many skeletal action recognition models use GCNs to represent the human body by 3D body joints connected body parts. GCNs aggregate one- or few-hop graph neighbourhoods, and ignore the dependency between not linked body joints. We propose to form hypergraph to model hyper-edges between graph nodes (e.g., third- and fourth-order hyper-edges capture three and four nodes) which help capture higher-order motion patterns of groups of body joints. We split action sequences into temporal blocks, Higher-order Transformer (HoT) produces embeddings of each temporal block based on (i) the body joints, (ii) pairwise links of body joints and (iii) higher-order hyper-edges of skeleton body joints. We combine such HoT embeddings of hyper-edges of orders 1, ..., r by a novel Multi-order Multi-mode Transformer (3Mformer) with two modules whose order can be exchanged to achieve coupled-mode attention on coupled-mode tokens based on 'channel-temporal block', 'order-channel-body joint', 'channel-hyper-edge (any order)' and 'channel-only' pairs. The first module, called Multi-order Pooling (MP), additionally learns weighted aggregation along the hyper-edge mode, whereas the second module, Temporal block Pooling (TP), aggregates along the temporal block mode. Our end-to-end trainable network yields state-of-the-art results compared to GCN-, transformer- and hypergraph-based counterparts.
description: This paper is accepted by CVPR 2023