cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quality rules for validation of metrological evaluation algorithms under the TraCIM trademark
Creators: name: TraCIM e.V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: metrology
TraCIM
traceability
software validation
quality rules

description: This technical note provides rules for the design and implementation of software tests which comply to the requirements set out by the TraCIM association for reliable online validation of calculation software in metrology. An application of the rules aims to facilitate longer-term useable and highly automated online services with low needs for maintenance by operators.
The TraCIM software validation system and the quality rules are applicable in the context of services operated as part of a quality infrastructure. Especially for services that help to establish (metrological) traceability of computationally intensive software and data.  It can be used for authoritative testing and certification services.
The lattice of arithmetic progressions
Creators: name: Goh, Marcel K.
name: Hamdan, Jad
name: Saks, Jonah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 06A07

description: This paper concerns the lattice $L_n$ of subsets of $\{1,\ldots,n\}$ that are arithmetic progressions, under the inclusion order. For $n\geq 4$, this poset is not graded and thus not semimodular. We give three independent proofs of the fact that for $n\geq 2$, $μ_n(L_n) = μ(n-1)$, where $μ_n$ is the Möbius function of $L_n$ and $μ$ is the classical (number-theoretic) Möbius function. We also show that $L_n$ is comodernistic, which implies that $L_n$ is EL-labelable. Comodernism is then used to prove that the order complex $Δ_n$ of the lattice is either contractible or homotopy equivalent to a sphere.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables. Two new sections have been added: we show the lattice is comodernistic and use this to determine its homotopy type
title: Ein Schön geistlich New lied, zu singen, So man zu morgens auff gestande[n] ist; [ca. 1535]
title: Im thon, Entlaubet ist vnns der walde [et]c. Mit einem schönen gebet, vorn dar an gesetzt, Das ein jtzlich Christen Mensch der zu morgens auff gestanden were, billich beten sollt ...
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Kolroß, Johannes
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: Verf. ermittelt
Emotion Technology: Falling Short
Creators: name: Alfaras, Miquel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: In this writing, I use one of the prevalent topics of mental health
 to probe interdisciplinary discussion and challenge unmet personal/
 professional goals. The work, presenting a selection of
 studies that touch autobiographical design tools and supporting
 technology for mental wellbeing, suggests paying attention to an
 elusive topic that (co)design could pick to bring closer the fields
 of psychotherapy and technology-mediated interaction design.
description: Paper presented at DIS'20 workshop : https://doi.org/10.1145/3393914.3395920
Thermal Interface Conductance between Aluminum and Silicon by Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Creators: name: Yang, Nuo
name: Luo, Tengfei
name: Esfarjani, Keivan
name: Henry, Asegun
name: Tian, Zhiting
name: Shiomi, Junichiro
name: Chalopin, Yann
name: Li, Baowen
name: Chen, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermal interface conductance between Al and Si was simulated by a non-equilibrium molecular dynamics method. In the simulations, the coupling between electrons and phonons in Al are considered by using a stochastic force. The results show the size dependence of the interface thermal conductance and the effect of electron-phonon coupling on the interface thermal conductance. To understand the mechanism of interface resistance, the vibration power spectra are calculated. We find that the atomic level disorder near the interface is an important aspect of interfacial phonon transport, which leads to a modification of the phonon states near the interface. There, the vibrational spectrum near the interface greatly differs from the bulk. This change in the vibrational spectrum affects the results predicted by AMM and DMM theories and indicates new physics is involved with phonon transport across interfaces. Keywords:
description: Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 2014
The growth of abelian sections
Creators: name: Sabatini, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 20F69, Secondary 20C15

description: Given an abstract group $G$, we study the function $ab_n(G) := \sup_{|G:H| \leq n} |H/[H,H]|$. If $G$ has no abelian composition factors, then $ab_n(G)$ is bounded by a polynomial: as a consequence, we find a sharp upper bound for the representation growth of these groups.
description: 13 pages, final version
The Kinematic Properties of Milky Way Stellar Halo Populations
Creators: name: Lane, James M. M.
name: Bovy, Jo
name: Mackereth, J. Ted
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the $Gaia$ era stellar kinematics are extensively used to study Galactic halo stellar populations, to search for halo structures, and to characterize the interface between the halo and hot disc populations. We use distribution function-based models of modern datasets with 6D phase space data to qualitatively describe a variety of kinematic spaces commonly used in the study of the Galactic halo. Furthermore, we quantitatively assess how well each kinematic space can separate radially anisotropic from isotropic halo populations. We find that scaled action space (the ``action diamond'') is superior to other commonly used kinematic spaces at this task. We present a new, easy to implement selection criterion for members of the radially-anisotropic $Gaia$-Enceladus merger remnant. Assuming a 1:1 ratio of $Gaia$-Enceladus stars to more isotropic halo, we find our selection achieves a sample purity of 82 per cent in our models with respect to contamination from the more isotropic halo. We compare this criterion to literature criteria, finding that it produces the highest purity in the resulting samples, at the expense of a modest reduction in completeness. We also show that selection biases that underlie nearly all contemporary spectroscopic datasets can noticeably impact the $E-L_{z}$ distribution of samples in a manner that may be confused for real substructure. We conclude by providing recommendations for how authors should use stellar kinematics in the future to study the Galactic stellar halo.
description: MNRAS in press
Equivalence between a time-fractional and an integer-order gradient flow: The memory effect reflected in the energy
Creators: name: Fritz, Marvin
name: Khristenko, Ustim
name: Wohlmuth, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A01, 35A02, 35B38, 35D30, 35K25, 35R11

description: Time-fractional partial differential equations are nonlocal in time and show an innate memory effect. In this work, we propose an augmented energy functional which includes the history of the solution. Further, we prove the equivalence of a time-fractional gradient flow problem to an integer-order one based on our new energy. This equivalence guarantees the dissipating character of the augmented energy. The state function of the integer-order gradient flow acts on an extended domain similar to the Caffarelli-Silvestre extension for the fractional Laplacian. Additionally, we apply a numerical scheme for solving time-fractional gradient flows, which is based on kernel compressing methods. We illustrate the behavior of the original and augmented energy in the case of the Ginzburg-Landau energy functional.
Epidemiological characteristics of acute hepatitis A, 2013–2016: a cross-sectional study in Morocco
Creators: name: Karami, Adnane
name: Fihry, Raouia El
name: Haddaji, Asmaa
name: Jadid, Fatima-Zahra
name: Zaidane, Imane
name: Chihab, Hajar
name: Ouladlahsen, Ahd
name: Tahiri, Mohamed
name: Pineau, Pascal
name: Akarid, Khadija
name: Benjelloun, Soumaya
name: Ezzikouri, Sayeh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is the common cause of acute hepatitis worldwide. Indeed, hepatitis A is endemic in developing countries such in Morocco and most residents are exposed in childhood. The characterisation of circulating strains of HAV remains crucial to understand the virological evolution and geo-temporal characteristics, which are essential for controlling infections and outbreaks. The purpose of the current study was the detection and characterisation of HAV strains circulating in Morocco by performing serological test, RT-PCR, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. In this cross-sectional study, 618 suspected acute hepatitis cases were examined by Architect HAV abIgM. Of the 162 positives, 64 underwent RNA extraction. None of the suspected cases was immune to HAV and none of them had received a blood transfusion. Samples found positive by RT-PCR using primers targeting the VP1/VP2A junction and the VP1/VP3 capsid region of HAV were subjected to sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. HAV Acute infection rate was 26.2% [95% CI, 22.8–29.9], while viraemia reached 45% (29/64) after amplification of the VP3/VP1 region. Phylogenetic analysis of the VP1/2A segment revealed the presence of sub-genotypes IA and IB. Eighty-seven percent of the strains belonged to the subgenotype IA, while twelve percent to IB subgenotype. This first molecular study of acute hepatitis A in Morocco provided information about genetic diversity of HAV, revealing the co-circulating of only two subgenotypes (IA and IB). Notably, subgenotype IA was found to be the predominant subgenotype in Morocco.
Rigidity and flexibility of entropies of boundary maps associated to Fuchsian groups
Creators: name: Abrams, Adam
name: Katok, Svetlana
name: Ugarcovici, Ilie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a closed, orientable surface of constant negative curvature and genus $g \ge 2$, we study the topological entropy and measure-theoretic entropy (with respect to a smooth invariant measure) of generalized Bowen--Series boundary maps. Each such map is defined for a particular fundamental polygon for the surface and a particular multi-parameter. We present and sketch the proofs of two strikingly different results: topological entropy is constant in this entire family ("rigidity"), while measure-theoretic entropy varies within Teichmüller space, taking all values ("flexibility") between zero and a maximum, which is achieved on the surface that admits a regular fundamental $(8g-4)$-gon. We obtain explicit formulas for both entropies. The rigidity proof uses conjugation to maps of constant slope, while the flexibility proof -- valid only for certain multi-parameters -- uses the realization of geodesic flow as a special flow over the natural extension of the boundary map.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures; removed extraneous symmetry arguments; published in Mathematics Research Reports
Multiple collisions in turbulent flows
Creators: name: Voßkuhle, Michel
name: Lévêque, Emmanuel
name: Wilkinson, Michael
name: Pumir, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In turbulent suspensions, collision rates determine how rapidly particles coalesce or react with each other. To determine the collision rate, many numerical studies rely on the 'Ghost Collision Approximation' (GCA), which simply records how often pairs of point particles come within a threshold distance. In many applications, the suspended particles stick (or in the case of liquid droplets, coalesce) upon collision, and it is the frequency of first contact which is of interest. If a pair of 'ghost' particles undergoes multiple collisions, the GCA may overestimate the true collision rate. Here, using fully resolved Direct Numerical Simulations of turbulent flows at moderate Reynolds number (R_λ= 130), we investigate the prevalence and properties of multiple collisions. We demonstrate that the GCA leads to a systematic overestimate of the collision rate, which is of the order of 15% when the particle inertia is small, and slowly decreases when inertia increases. We investigate the probability P(N) for a given pair of ghost particles colliding N times. We find P(N)=βα^N for N_>1, where αand βare coefficients which depend upon the particle inertia. This result is used to explain the discrepancy between the GCA and the true collision rates. We also investigate the statistics of the times that ghost particles remain in contact. We show that the probability density function of the contact time is different for the first collision. The difference is explained by the effect of caustics in the phase space of the suspended particles.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
Seeking Justice and Atonement: British Legal Approaches to Dealing with Mass Murder in the Aftermath of the Holocaust, 1945-1969
Creators: name: Parsons, Lauren A.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In 1964, the Anglo-German Agreement was formalised, which saw the Federal Republic of Germany provide the United Kingdom with a £1 million political settlement to form a compensation scheme for British victims of Nazi persecution. This bilateral agreement was part of West Germany’s wider international policy between 1959 to 1964, to settle claims for compensation with several Western European nations for the crimes of its fascist predecessor. By exploring the legal aftermath of the Nazi atrocities from a British perspective, this research contributes to a transnational history on how European nations dealt with the dark and difficult Nazi past, both on a state and ground level. This thesis investigates the development of British legal approaches to seeking justice for the mass murder and war of extermination perpetrated by the Nazi regime, with a strong focus on some of the victim responses to this. This doctoral research firstly examines the ways, and extent to which, the British Government negotiated and administered redress for Nazi victims between 1945 to 1969. This is complemented by my analysis on the different ways in which some of the victims of Nazi persecution being addressed within these British policies reacted and responded to them. Specific attention is given to the many poignant and emotional petition letters which were sent to the British Government by Nazi victims who had been unsuccessful in their applications for compensation under the Anglo-German Agreement. The appeals from both individual victims and collective groups who united to campaign against the British Government are explored. These petition letters showcase that many victims did not simply accept having their compensation claims rejected, and they used any medium available to them to have their voices heard. Voices which demanded justice for a time in their lives when they had been so grievously denied of this. This thesis gives space to, and represents, the voices of these Nazi victims.
Performance of an LPD prototype detector at MHz frame rates under Synchrotron and FEL radiation
Creators: name: Koch, Andreas
name: Hart, Matthew
name: Nicholls, Tim
name: Angelsen, Christian
name: Coughlan, John
name: French, Marcus
name: Hauf, Steffen
name: Kuster, Markus
name: Sztuk-Dambietz, Jolanta
name: Turcato, Monica
name: Carini, Gabriella A.
name: Chollet, Matthieu
name: Herrmann, Sven C.
name: Lemke, Henrik T.
name: Nelson, Silke
name: Song, Sanghoon
name: Weaver, Matt
name: Zhu, Diling
name: Meents, Alke
name: Fischer, Pontus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A MHz frame rate X-ray area detector (LPD - Large Pixel Detector) is under development by the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory for the European XFEL. The detector will have 1 million pixels and allows analogue storage of 512 images taken at 4.5 MHz in the detector front end. The LPD detector has 500 mm thick silicon sensor tiles that are bump bonded to a readout ASIC. The ASICs preamplifier provides relatively low noise at high speed which results in a high dynamic range of 10^5 photons over an energy range of 5-20 keV. Small scale prototypes of 32x256 pixels (LPD 2-Tile detector) and 256x256 pixels (LPD supermodule detector) are now available for X-ray tests. The performance of prototypes of the detector is reported for first tests under synchrotron radiation (PETRA III at DESY) and Free-Electron-Laser radiation (LCLS at SLAC). The initial performance of the detector in terms of signal range and noise, radiation hardness and spatial and temporal response are reported. The main result is that the 4.5 MHz sampling detection chain is reliably working, including the analogue on-chip memory concept. The detector is at least radiation hard up to 5 MGy at 12 keV. In addition the multiple gain concept has been demonstrated over a dynamic range to 10^4 at 12 keV with a readout noise equivalent to <1 photon rms in its most sensitive mode.
Higher rates of cefiderocol resistance among NDM producing Klebsiella bloodstream isolates applying EUCAST over CLSI breakpoints
Creators: name: Isler, Burcu
name: Vatansever, Cansel
name: Özer, Berna
name: Çınar, Güle
name: Aslan, Abdullah Tarık
name: Falconer, Caitlin
name: Bauer, Michelle J.
name: Forde, Brian
name: Şimşek, Funda
name: Tülek, Necla
name: Demirkaya, Hamiyet
name: Menekşe, Şirin
name: Akalin, Halis
name: Balkan, İlker İnanç
name: Aydın, Mehtap
name: Tigen, Elif Tükenmez
name: Demir, Safiye Koçulu
name: Kapmaz, Mahir
name: Keske, Şiran
name: Doğan, Özlem
name: Arabacı, Çiğdem
name: Yağcı, Serap
name: Hazırolan, Gülşen
name: Bakır, Veli Oğuzalp
name: Gönen, Mehmet
name: Saltoğlu, Neşe
name: Azap, Alpay
name: Azap, Özlem
name: Akova, Murat
name: Ergönül, Önder
name: Can, Füsun
name: Paterson, David L.
name: Harris, Patrick N. A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Cefiderocol is generally active against carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella spp. (CRK) with higher MICs against metallo-beta-lactamase producers. There is a variation in cefiderocol interpretive criteria determined by EUCAST and CLSI. Our objective was to test CRK isolates against cefiderocol and compare cefiderocol susceptibilities using EUCAST and CLSI interpretive criteria. A unique collection (n = 254) of mainly OXA-48-like- or NDM-producing CRK bloodstream isolates were tested against cefiderocol with disc diffusion (Mast Diagnostics, UK). Beta-lactam resistance genes and multilocus sequence types were identified using bioinformatics analyses on complete bacterial genomes. Median cefiderocol inhibition zone diameter was 24 mm (interquartile range [IQR] 24–26 mm) for all isolates and 18 mm (IQR 15–21 mm) for NDM producers. We observed significant variability between cefiderocol susceptibilities using EUCAST and CLSI breakpoints, such that 26% and 2% of all isolates, and 81% and 12% of the NDM producers were resistant to cefiderocol using EUCAST and CLSI interpretive criteria, respectively. Cefiderocol resistance rates among NDM producers are high using EUCAST criteria. Breakpoint variability may have significant implications on patient outcomes. Until more clinical outcome data are available, we suggest using EUCAST interpretive criteria for cefiderocol susceptibility testing.
X-ray emission around the z=4.1 radio galaxy TNJ1338-1942 and the potential role of far-infrared photons in AGN Feedback
Creators: name: Smail, Ian
name: Blundell, Katherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery in an 80-ks observation of spatially-extended X-ray emission around the high-redshift radio galaxy TNJ1388-1942 (z=4.11) with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. The X-ray emission extends over a ~30-kpc diameter region and although it is less extended than the GHz-radio lobes, it is roughly aligned with them. We suggest that the X-ray emission arises from Inverse Compton (IC) scattering of photons by relativistic electrons around the radio galaxy. At z=4.11 this is the highest redshift detection of IC emission around a radio galaxy. We investigate the hypothesis that in this compact source, the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), which is ~700x more intense than at z~0 is nonetheless not the relevant seed photon field for the bulk of the IC emission. Instead, we find a tentative correlation between the IC emission and far-infrared luminosities of compact, far-infrared luminous high-redshift radio galaxies (those with lobe lengths of <100kpc). Based on these results we suggest that in the earliest phases of the evolution of radio-loud AGN at very high redshift, the far-infrared photons from the co-eval dusty starbursts occuring within these systems may make a significant contribution to their IC X-ray emission and so contribute to the feedback in these massive high-redshift galaxies.
description: 6 pages, MNRAS in press
Deep Network Approximation: Achieving Arbitrary Accuracy with Fixed Number of Neurons
Creators: name: Shen, Zuowei
name: Yang, Haizhao
name: Zhang, Shijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper develops simple feed-forward neural networks that achieve the universal approximation property for all continuous functions with a fixed finite number of neurons. These neural networks are simple because they are designed with a simple, computable, and continuous activation function $σ$ leveraging a triangular-wave function and the softsign function. We first prove that $σ$-activated networks with width $36d(2d+1)$ and depth $11$ can approximate any continuous function on a $d$-dimensional hypercube within an arbitrarily small error. Hence, for supervised learning and its related regression problems, the hypothesis space generated by these networks with a size not smaller than $36d(2d+1)\times 11$ is dense in the continuous function space $C([a,b]^d)$ and therefore dense in the Lebesgue spaces $L^p([a,b]^d)$ for $p\in [1,\infty)$. Furthermore, we show that classification functions arising from image and signal classification are in the hypothesis space generated by $σ$-activated networks with width $36d(2d+1)$ and depth $12$ when there exist pairwise disjoint bounded closed subsets of $\mathbb{R}^d$ such that the samples of the same class are located in the same subset. Finally, we use numerical experimentation to show that replacing the rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation function by ours would improve the experiment results.
Amplification of seismic ground motion in the Tunis basin: Numerical BEM simulations vs experimental evidences
Creators: name: Kham, Marc
name: Semblat, Jean-François
name: Bouden-Romdhane, Nejla
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper aims at the analysis of seismic wave amplification in a deep alluvial basin in the city of Tunis in Tunisia. This sedimentary basin is 3000m wide and 350m deep. Since the seismic hazard is significant in this area, the depth of the basin and the strong impedance ratio raise the need for an accurate estimation of seismic motion amplification. Various experimental investigations were performed in previous studies to characterize site effects. The Boundary Element Method is considered herein to assess the parameter sensitivity of the amplification process and analyse the prevailing phenomena. The various frequencies of maximum amplification are correctly estimated by the BEM simulations. The maximum amplification level observed in the field is also well retrieved by the numerical simulations but, due to the sensitivity of the location of maximum amplification in space, the overall maximum amplification has to be considered. The influence of the wave-field incidence and material damping is also discussed.
The physical properties of Fermi BL Lac objects jets
Creators: name: Yan, Dahai
name: Zeng, Houdun
name: Zhang, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the physical properties of BL Lac objects (BL Lacs) jets by modeling the quasi-simultaneous spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of 22 {\it Fermi} BL Lac objects in the frame of a simple one-zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model. We obtained the best-fit model parameters and their uncertainties for each BL Lac object through the $χ^2$-minimization procedure and discussed their implications on the physical processes. The modeling results show that the one-zone SSC model can successfully fit the SEDs of high-synchrotron-peaked BL Lacs (HBLs) and intermediate-synchrotron-peaked BL Lacs (IBLs), but fails to explain the SEDs of low-synchrotron-peaked BL Lacs (LBLs). The statistical analysis results for model parameters are summarized as follows. (1) No correlation is found between magnetic field ($B$) and the broken energy of relativistic electrons distribution ($γ^{\prime}_{\rm b}$) for HBLs and IBLs, but there are inverse correlations between $γ^{\prime}_{\rm b}$ and the radius of emitting blob ($R^{\prime}_{\rm b}$) as well as the electrons number $K^{\prime}_{\rm e}$ for HBLs and IBLs. It's therefore concluded that the variation of $γ^{\prime}_{\rm b}$ is mainly caused by that of $R^{\prime}_{\rm b}$ rather than $B$ for HBLs and IBLs. (2) The Poynting flux in jets can not account for the observed radiations since the power in Poynting flux is smaller than the radiative power, and the cold protons could be the primary energy carrier in the jets.
description: MNRAS accepted
Asymmetric Dispersal and Colonization Success of Amazonian Plant-Ants Queens
Creators: name: Bruna, Emilio M.
name: Izzo, Thiago J.
name: Inouye, Brian D.
name: Uriarte, Maria
name: Vasconcelos, Heraldo L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Entomology

description: The dispersal ability of queens is central to understanding ant life-history evolution, and plays a fundamental role in ant population and community dynamics, the maintenance of genetic diversity, and the spread of invasive ants. In tropical ecosystems, species from over 40 genera of ants establish colonies in the stems, hollow thorns, or leaf pouches of specialized plants. However, little is known about the relative dispersal ability of queens competing for access to the same host plants. We used empirical data and inverse modeling—a technique developed by plant ecologists to model seed dispersal—to quantify and compare the dispersal kernels of queens from three Amazonian ant species that compete for access to host-plants. We found that the modal colonization distance of queens varied 8-fold, with the generalist ant species (Crematogaster laevis) having a greater modal distance than two specialists (Pheidole minutula, Azteca sp.) that use the same host-plants. However, our results also suggest that queens of Azteca sp. have maximal distances that are four-sixteen times greater than those of its competitors. We found large differences between ant species in both the modal and maximal distance ant queens disperse to find vacant seedlings used to found new colonies. These differences could result from interspecific differences in queen body size, and hence wing musculature, or because queens differ in their ability to identify potential host plants while in flight. Our results provide support for one of the necessary conditions underlying several of the hypothesized mechanisms promoting coexistence in tropical plant-ants. They also suggest that for some ant species limited dispersal capability could pose a significant barrier to the rescue of populations in isolated forest fragments. Finally, we demonstrate that inverse models parameterized with field data are an excellent means of quantifying the dispersal of ant queens.
Guided Self-Organization of Input-Driven Recurrent Neural Networks
Creators: name: Obst, Oliver
name: Boedecker, Joschka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review attempts that have been made towards understanding the computational properties and mechanisms of input-driven dynamical systems like RNNs, and reservoir computing networks in particular. We provide details on methods that have been developed to give quantitative answers to the questions above. Following this, we show how self-organization may be used to improve reservoirs for better performance, in some cases guided by the measures presented before. We also present a possible way to quantify task performance using an information-theoretic approach, and finally discuss promising future directions aimed at a better understanding of how these systems perform their computations and how to best guide self-organized processes for their optimization.
description: 23 pages, to appear in M. Prokopenko (ed.), Guided Self-Organization: Inception, Springer, 2014
Irrational anomalies in one-dimensional Anderson localization
Creators: name: Sepehrinia, Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the problem of one-dimensional Anderson localization, by providing perturbative expression for Lyapunov exponent of Anderson model with next-nearest-neighbor (nnn) hopping. By comparison with exact numerical results, we discuss the range of validity of the naive perturbation theory. The stability of band center anomaly is examined against the introduction of nnn hopping. New anomalies of Kappus-Wegner type emerge at nonuniversal values of wavelength when hopping to second neighbor is allowed. It is shown that covariances in the first order of perturbation theory, develop singularities at these resonant energies which enable us to locate them.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Structured Proofs for Adversarial Cyber-Physical Systems
Creators: name: Bohrer, Rose
name: Platzer, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many cyber-physical systems (CPS) are safety-critical, so it is important to formally verify them, e.g. in formal logics that show a model's correctness specification always holds. Constructive Differential Game Logic (CdGL) is such a logic for (constructive) hybrid games, including hybrid systems. To overcome undecidability, the user first writes a proof, for which we present a proof-checking tool. We introduce Kaisar, the first language and tool for CdGL proofs, which until now could only be written by hand with a low-level proof calculus. Kaisar's structured proofs simplify challenging CPS proof tasks, especially by using programming language principles and high-level stateful reasoning. Kaisar exploits CdGL's constructivity and refinement relations to build proofs around models of game strategies. The evaluation reproduces and extends existing case studies on 1D and 2D driving. Proof metrics are compared and reported experiences are discussed for the original studies and their reproductions.
description: Preprint of paper appearing in ESWEEK-TECS (EMSOFT 2021)
Global Axisymmetric Euler Flows with Rotation
Creators: name: Guo, Yan
name: Pausader, Benoit
name: Widmayer, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q31, 35B40, 76B03, 76U05

description: We construct a class of global, dynamical solutions to the 3d Euler equations near the stationary state given by uniform "rigid body" rotation. These solutions are axisymmetric, of Sobolev regularity, have non-vanishing swirl and scatter linearly, thanks to the dispersive effect induced by the rotation. To establish this, we introduce a framework that builds on the symmetries of the problem and precisely captures the anisotropic, dispersive mechanism due to rotation. This enables a fine analysis of the geometry of nonlinear interactions and allows us to propagate sharp decay bounds, which is crucial for the construction of global Euler flows.
description: 51 pages; final version as accepted for publication
Characterisation, Dissolution and Recovery of Critical Materials in Lithium-ion Battery Cathodes
Creators: name: Terreblanche, Jason S.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Lithium-ion batteries (LIB) are one of the most utilised form of electrochemical energy storage around the world. In recent years, the use of LIBs has extended from portable electronics into electric vehicles (EV). As the number of EVs on the road increases, recycling of these batteries must be addressed. Many of the materials utilised in these batteries have significant monetary and industry value. The cathodes used in commercial LIBs contain critical materials such as cobalt, nickel, manganese, and aluminium. Cobalt and nickel in particular are of the highest monetary value, but are also widely utilised in many industrial applications. Therefore, it is important that these cathode materials are effectively recovered in order to go back into LIBs or be a feedstock for other applications. This thesis covers the characterisation, dissolution, and recovery of LIB cathodes. Firstly, cathode composite structures are visualised through the use of multi-modal AFM imaging to understand the mechanical properties of the composite. Agglomeration of the binder and conductive carbon was revealed as the binding mechanism for the cathodes studied. This will feed into developing new methods for separation of cathode black mass from the current collectors. In addition, electrochemical dissolution of cathode metal oxides is studied. Selective dissolution using electrochemistry is explored in order to purify cathode waste streams by separation of different metals. This has been studied for several relevant cathode metal oxides in simple electrolytes. Selective dissolution of lithium from LCO and NMC was achieved, demonstrating the ability to purify waste streams of critical metals. Finally, recovery of two critical metals, nickel and cobalt, is reported. This has been done by electrodeposition of the two metals as an alloy. Deposition properties such as morphology and alloy composition have been studied as an effect of factors such as electrolyte additives, metal ratios, and current densities applied. This was done with model electrolyte solutions. Deposition from real leachates was also investigated, and good alloy deposits were obtained that have little influence from manganese present in solution.
The dynamical status of ZwCl 2341.1+0000: a very elongated galaxy structure with a complex radio emission
Creators: name: Boschin, W.
name: Girardi, M.
name: Barrena, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical status of the galaxy system ZwCl 2341.1+0000, a filamentary multi-Mpc galaxy structure associated with a complex diffuse radio emission. Our analysis is mainly based on new spectroscopic data for 128 galaxies acquired at the TNG telescope. We also use optical data available in the SDSS and X-ray data from the Chandra archive. We select 101 cluster member galaxies and compute the cluster redshift ~0.2693 and the global LOS velocity dispersion ~1000 km/s. Our optical analysis agrees with the presence of at least three, likely four or more, optical subclusters causing the SSE-NNW elongation of the galaxy distribution and a significant velocity gradient in the S-N direction. In particular, we detect an important low-velocity subclump in the southern region, roughly coincident with the brightest peak of the diffuse radio emission but with a clear offset between the optical and radio peaks. We also detect one (or two) optical subcluster(s) at north, in correspondence with the second brightest radio emission, and another one in the central cluster region, where a third diffuse radio source has been recently detected. A more refined analysis involving the study of the 2D galaxy distribution suggests an even more complex structure. As for the X-ray analysis, we confirm the SSE-NNW elongation of the intracluster medium and detect four significant peaks. The X-ray emission is strongly asymmetric and offsetted with respect to the galaxy distribution, thus suggesting a merger caught in the phase of post-core-core passage. Our findings support two possible hypotheses for the nature of the diffuse radio emission of ZwCl 2341.1+0000: a 2 relics+halo scenario or diffuse emission associated with the infall and merging of several galaxy groups during the first phase of the cluster formation.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables; MNRAS in press
Frequency-Severity Experience Rating based on Latent Markovian Risk Profiles
Creators: name: Verschuren, Robert Matthijs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bonus-Malus Systems traditionally consider a customer's number of claims irrespective of their sizes, even though these components are dependent in practice. We propose a novel joint experience rating approach based on latent Markovian risk profiles to allow for a positive or negative individual frequency-severity dependence. The latent profiles evolve over time in a Hidden Markov Model to capture updates in a customer's claims experience, making claim counts and sizes conditionally independent. We show that the resulting risk premia lead to a dynamic, claims experience-weighted mixture of standard credibility premia. The proposed approach is applied to a Dutch automobile insurance portfolio and identifies customer risk profiles with distinctive claiming behavior. These profiles, in turn, enable us to better distinguish between customer risks.
Probing locally the onset of slippage at a model multi-contact interface
Creators: name: Romero, V.
name: Wandersman, E.
name: Debrégeas, G.
name: Prevost, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the multi-contact frictional dynamics of model elastomer surfaces rubbed against bare glass slides. The surfaces consist of layers patterned with thousands spherical caps (radius of curvature 100 $μ$m) distributed both spatially and in height, regularly or randomly. Use of spherical asperities yields circular micro-contacts whose radius is a direct measure of the contact pressure distribution. In addition, optical tracking of individual contacts provides the in-plane deformations of the tangentially loaded interface, yielding the shear force distribution. We then investigate the stick-slip frictional dynamics of a regular hexagonal array. For all stick phases including the initial one, slip precursors are evidenced. They are found to propagate quasi-statically, normally to the iso- pressure contours. A simple quasi-static model relying on the existence of interfacial stress gradients is derived and predicts qualitatively the position of slip precursors.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Neural network optimal feedback control with enhanced closed loop stability
Creators: name: Nakamura-Zimmerer, Tenavi
name: Gong, Qi
name: Kang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Recent research has shown that supervised learning can be an effective tool for designing optimal feedback controllers for high-dimensional nonlinear dynamic systems. But the behavior of these neural network (NN) controllers is still not well understood. In this paper we use numerical simulations to demonstrate that typical test accuracy metrics do not effectively capture the ability of an NN controller to stabilize a system. In particular, some NNs with high test accuracy can fail to stabilize the dynamics. To address this we propose two NN architectures which locally approximate a linear quadratic regulator (LQR). Numerical simulations confirm our intuition that the proposed architectures reliably produce stabilizing feedback controllers without sacrificing optimality. In addition, we introduce a preliminary theoretical result describing some stability properties of such NN-controlled systems.
Electronic transport properties of indolyl spirooxazine/merooxazine-based light-driven molecular switch: The effect of amino/nitro substituents
Creators: name: Zhao, H.
name: Xu, Y. Q.
name: Zhao, W. K.
name: Gao, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By applying non-equilibrium Green's function formulation combined with first-principles density functional theory,we explore the electronic transport properties of indolinospironaphthoxazine (SO)/indolinomeronaphthoxazine (MO).The results indicate that the MO allows a far larger current than the SO.The substituent group can cause the shift of the energy levels.Higher ON/OFF current ratio can be obtained if either amino or nitro substituent is placed at the position of naphthalene moiety.Our results suggest that such molecular wires can generally display perfect switching function and the efficiency can be tuned flexibly by adding certain substituent groups to the molecules.
Shock-Enhanced C+ Emission and the Detection of H2O from Stephan's Quintet's Group-Wide Shock using Herschel
Creators: name: Appleton, P. N.
name: Guillard, P.
name: Boulanger, F.
name: Cluver, M. E.
name: Ogle, P.
name: Falgarone, E.
name: Forets, G. Pineau Des
name: O'Sullivan, E.
name: Duc, P. -A.
name: Gallagher, S.
name: Gao, Y.
name: Jarrett, T.
name: Konstantopoulos, I.
name: Lisenfeld, U.
name: Lord, S.
name: Lu, N.
name: Peterson, B. W.
name: Struck, C.
name: Sturm, E.
name: Tuffs, R.
name: Valchanov, I.
name: van der Werf, P.
name: Xu, K. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first Herschel spectroscopic detections of the [OI]63 and [CII]158 micron fine-structure transitions, and a single para-H2O line from the 35 x 15 kpc^2 shocked intergalactic filament in Stephan's Quintet. The filament is believed to have been formed when a high-speed intruder to the group collided with clumpy intergroup gas. Observations with the PACS spectrometer provide evidence for broad (> 1000 km s^-1) luminous [CII] line profiles, as well as fainter [OI]63micron emission. SPIRE FTS observations reveal water emission from the p-H2O (111-000) transition at several positions in the filament, but no other molecular lines. The H2O line is narrow, and may be associated with denser intermediate-velocity gas experiencing the strongest shock-heating. The [CII]/PAH{tot) and [CII]/FIR ratios are too large to be explained by normal photo-electric heating in PDRs. HII region excitation or X-ray/Cosmic Ray heating can also be ruled out. The observations lead to the conclusion that a large fraction the molecular gas is diffuse and warm. We propose that the [CII], [OI] and warm H2 line emission is powered by a turbulent cascade in which kinetic energy from the galaxy collision with the IGM is dissipated to small scales and low-velocities, via shocks and turbulent eddies. Low-velocity magnetic shocks can help explain both the [CII]/[OI] ratio, and the relatively high [CII]/H2 ratios observed. The discovery that [CII] emission can be enhanced, in large-scale turbulent regions in collisional environments has implications for the interpretation of [CII] emission in high-z galaxies.
description: 18-pages, 10 figures Accepted for ApJ
title: Ain New Lied, Erzürn dich nit, o frum[m]er Christ; [ca.1544]
title: im thon, wie man singt O Herre Gott, dein Göttlich wort, Oder, durch Adams fall. zu trost allen frum[m]en Christen
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hätzer, Ludwig
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: Verf. ermittelt
Sextic tensor model in rank $3$ at next-to-leading order
Creators: name: Harribey, Sabine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the four-loop beta functions of short and long-range multi scalar models with general sextic interactions and complex fields. We then specialize the beta functions to a $U(N)^3$ symmetry and study the renormalization group at next-to-leading order in $N$ and small $ε$. In the short-range case, $ε$ is the deviation from the critical dimension while it is the deviation from the critical scaling of the free propagator in the long-range case. This allows us to find the $1/N$ corrections to the rank-3 sextic tensor model of arXiv:1912.06641. In the short-range case, we still find a non-trivial real IR stable fixed point, with a diagonalizable stability matrix. All couplings, except for the so-called wheel coupling, have terms of order $ε^0$ at leading and next-to-leading order, which makes this fixed point different from the other melonic fixed points found in quartic models. In the long-range case, the corrections to the fixed point are instead not perturbative in $ε$ and hence unreliable; we thus find no precursor of the large-$N$ fixed point.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures, v2: added some comments and references, added App.F comparison with vector model
The Stochastic Field Transport associated with the Slab ITG Modes
Creators: name: Connor, J W
name: Hastie, R J
name: Zocco, A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many models for anomalous transport consider the turbulent ExB transport arising from electrostatic micro-instabilities. In this paper we investigate whether the perturbed magnetic field that is associated with such instabilities at small but finite values of {beta} can lead to significant stochastic magnetic field transport. Using the tearing parity, long wave-length ion temperature gradient (ITG) modes in a plasma slab with magnetic shear as an example, we calculate the amplitude of the perturbed magnetic field that results at the resonant surface for the case when the plasma dissipation is given by the semi-collisional electron model. The resulting stochastic field transport is estimated and also compared with an estimate for the ExB transport due to the ITG mode.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures