cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Einzelhandel und Stadtverkehr : neue Entwicklungstendenzen durch Digitalisierung und Stadtgestaltung; 1
Creators: name: Neiberger, Cordula
name: Pez, Peter
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2019

description: Tagung Einzelhandel und Stadtverkehr, neue Entwicklungstendenzen durch Digitalisierung und Stadtgestaltung, Lüneburg, Germany, 7 Jun 2018 - 9 Jun 2018; Würzburg : Würzburg University Press, Geographische Handelsforschung 28, 162 Seiten (2019). doi:10.25972/WUP-978-3-95826-113-6
description: Published by Würzburg University Press, Würzburg
A Reactive Force Field Approach to Modeling Corrosion of NiCr Alloys in Molten FLiNaK Salts
Creators: name: Arkoub, Hamdy
name: Dwivedi, Swarit
name: van Duin, Adri C. T.
name: Jin, Miaomiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interface between NiCr alloys and FLiNaK molten salt exhibits complex corrosion behavior, mainly driven by intricate chemical interactions involving Cr and F$\mathrm{^-}$ ions. Understanding these dynamic reactions is crucial for developing effective corrosion mitigation strategies to ensure the long-term durability of Ni-based alloy components in molten salt technologies. However, obtaining molecular-level understanding through experiments is challenging. To address this, we utilize reactive molecular dynamics simulations enabled by a reactive force field, ReaxFF, to investigate detailed reaction dynamics at the atomic level. Since there is currently no available force field involving fluoride salt and Ni-based alloys, we first present the development of the ReaxFF parameter set for Ni/Cr/F/Li/Na/K based on extensive first-principles calculations. With this force field, we achieve a strong agreement for the structure of FLiNaK molten salt by comparing the pair distribution functions with experimental and simulation results. Furthermore, it successfully reproduces the experimental phenomenon of Cr dissolution in fluoride salt, with the corrosion rate depending on the alloy and salt compositions. Particularly, it reveals that increasing the concentration of Li can enhance the formation of a compact double layer, mitigating Cr dissolution. This work enables a fundamental understanding of the interfacial behavior between fluoride salt and NiCr alloys.
SICNav: Safe and Interactive Crowd Navigation using Model Predictive Control and Bilevel Optimization
Creators: name: Samavi, Sepehr
name: Han, James R.
name: Shkurti, Florian
name: Schoellig, Angela P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robots need to predict and react to human motions to navigate through a crowd without collisions. Many existing methods decouple prediction from planning, which does not account for the interaction between robot and human motions and can lead to the robot getting stuck. We propose SICNav, a Model Predictive Control (MPC) method that jointly solves for robot motion and predicted crowd motion in closed-loop. We model each human in the crowd to be following an Optimal Reciprocal Collision Avoidance (ORCA) scheme and embed that model as a constraint in the robot's local planner, resulting in a bilevel nonlinear MPC optimization problem. We use a KKT-reformulation to cast the bilevel problem as a single level and use a nonlinear solver to optimize. Our MPC method can influence pedestrian motion while explicitly satisfying safety constraints in a single-robot multi-human environment. We analyze the performance of SICNav in two simulation environments and indoor experiments with a real robot to demonstrate safe robot motion that can influence the surrounding humans. We also validate the trajectory forecasting performance of ORCA on a human trajectory dataset.
description: Published in the IEEE Transactions on Robotics (T-RO)
Probleme der Personalpolitik in staatseigenen Unternehmen
Creators: name: Schucher, Günter
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2020

description: Die Reform der hoch verschuldeten und personell überbesetzten staatseigenen Unternehmen (SEU) ist der Schlüssel zur Sicherung des weiteren Wirtschaftswachstums in der VR China; in diesem Punkt sind sich sowohl westliche als auch chinesische Wirtschaftspolitiker einig.1 Zugleich aber wird diese Reform unweigerlich zahlreiche Entlassungen und eine Reduzierung der Sozialstandards zur Folge haben. Die SEU beschäftigen in den Städten zwei Drittel der Arbeitnehmer und stellen - auch nach Aufgabe ihrer allumfassenden Fürsorgepflicht als danwei (Einheit) - immer noch eine Reihe großzügiger Sozialleistungen (vor allem billigen Wohnraum) bereit, wenn sie auch nur mit knapp 30% zum Bruttoindustrieprodukt beitragen .
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Juli 1998
Hongkongs Wirtschaft in der Rezession
Creators: name: Schüller, Margot
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2020

description: Die Asienkrise ist der Auslöser für den stärksten wirtschaftlichen Einbruch, den Hongkong seit 1985 erlebt. Nach dem Abflachen des gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklungstempos im letzten Quartal 1997 verzeichnete Hongkong im 1. Quartal dieses Jahres eine negative Wachstumsrate, und auch für das gesamte 1.Halbjahr 1998 wird Hongkong voraussichtlich ein Minuswachstum hinnehmen müssen. Dieses wird von steigender Arbeitslosigkeit, schrumpfender Konsumnachfrage und einem Vertrauensverlust der Bevölkerung in die Steuerungsfähigkeiten der Regierung der Sonderverwaltungsregion (SVR) begleitet. Vorhandene strukturelle Probleme der Hongkonger Wirtschaft wurden durch die Krise verstärkt und haben den Handlungsbedarf der Regierung erhöht. Selbst der bis vor kurzem noch Optimismus verbreitende SVR- Regierungschef Tung Chee-hwa mußte Ende Mai 1998 eingestehen: „Hong Kong is now in the depths of a major economic adjustment, the result of which will be painful.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Juli 1998
Towards Exploring Fairness in Visual Transformer based Natural and GAN Image Detection Systems
Creators: name: Gangan, Manjary P.
name: Kadan, Anoop
name: L, Lajish V
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Image forensics research has recently witnessed a lot of advancements towards developing computational models capable of accurately detecting natural images captured by cameras and GAN generated images. However, it is also important to ensure whether these computational models are fair enough and do not produce biased outcomes that could eventually harm certain societal groups or cause serious security threats. Exploring fairness in image forensic algorithms is an initial step towards mitigating these biases. This study explores bias in visual transformer based image forensic algorithms that classify natural and GAN images, since visual transformers are recently being widely used in image classification based tasks, including in the area of image forensics. The proposed study procures bias evaluation corpora to analyze bias in gender, racial, affective, and intersectional domains using a wide set of individual and pairwise bias evaluation measures. Since the robustness of the algorithms against image compression is an important factor to be considered in forensic tasks, this study also analyzes the impact of image compression on model bias. Hence to study the impact of image compression on model bias, a two-phase evaluation setting is followed, where the experiments are carried out in uncompressed and compressed evaluation settings. The study could identify bias existences in the visual transformer based models distinguishing natural and GAN images, and also observes that image compression impacts model biases, predominantly amplifying the presence of biases in class GAN predictions.
title: Large Scale Study Finds Majorities in Very Red Districts Oppose Key Provisions in Tax Reform Bill
title: Americans on Tax Reform
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Kull, Steven
name: Lewis (Aka Fehsenfeld), Evan
name: Martens, Francesca
name: Koeppel, Austin
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2017
Subjects: Taxes
Reform
Individual income taxes
State and local taxes (SALT)
Estate tax
Mortgage deduction
Corporate taxes
Pass‐Through Businesses
Deductions

description: Additional information found at: http://hdl.handle.net/1903/25978 . A policymaking simulation is an online process that puts citizens in the shoes of elected officials by simulating the process they go through in making policy decisions. Each simulation introduces a broader policy topic and then presents a series of modules that address a specific policy option that is currently under consideration in the current discourse. For each module, respondents: 1) receive a short briefing on a policy issue and the option or options for addressing it; 2) evaluate arguments for and against the policy options; and 3) finally, make their recommendation for what their elected officials should do.
description: An in-depth survey on tax reform finds that majorities in very red districts, as well as very blue districts, oppose key provisions in the Republican tax reform bills including reducing taxes on the wealthy, reducing the corporate tax, eliminating or limiting state and local tax deductions, and eliminating the tax on income from subsidiaries in other countries. However, very red districts favor, while very blue districts oppose, eliminating the estate tax, lowering the tax on pass-through businesses, lowering the cap on the mortgage deduction, and allowing immediate expensing by businesses for a five year period. The study, conducted by the University of Maryland’s Program for Public Consultation (PPC), was released by Voice of the People, a nonpartisan organization seeking to give citizens a greater voice in public policy. The sample of 2,637 registered voters was large enough to make it possible to divide the sample six ways according to the partisan dominance of the respondent’s district, ranging from very red (Republican) to very blue (Democrat), based on Cook’s PVI ratings.
Naturkatastrophen und Archetypen
Creators: name: Weggel, Oskar
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2020

description: Die drei apokalyptischen Reiter Chinas: Fluten, Dürren und Erdbeben Drei Arten von Naturkatastrophen sind es vor allem, die das chinesische Volk im Laufe der Jahrhunderte immer wieder heimgesucht haben, nämlich Überschwemmungen, Dürren und Erdbeben. Taifune bleiben demgegenüber zumeist auf die küstennahen Gebiete beschränkt, betreffen zumeist also nur Taiwan sowie schmalere Küstenstreifen in einer Tiefe von 50 bis allenfalls 100 km. Weiter nach innen sorgen die Küstengebirge für wirksamen Schutz. .
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Juli 1998
Chinas Außenpolitik am Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts
Creators: name: Weggel, Oskar
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2020

description: Die Untersuchung zum außenpolitischen Verhalten der Volksrepublik soll mit dem Thema „Zielsetzungen“ beginnen, da sich anhand des Wechselspiels der Intentionen auch die Rollen - und Blickwinkelverschiebungen der chinesischen res publica besonders klar nachvollziehen lassen. Immerhin hat die VRCh seit 1949 ja eine mehrfache Metamorphose ihres Selbstverständnisses durchlaufen, wobei die außenpolitischen Positionsveränderungen allerdings nur eine Folge, nicht Ursache waren.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Juli 1998
Molecular clouds in M51 from high-resolution extinction mapping
Creators: name: Vieira, Helena Faustino
name: Duarte-Cabral, Ana
name: Davis, Timothy A.
name: Peretto, Nicolas
name: Smith, Matthew W. L.
name: Querejeta, Miguel
name: Colombo, Dario
name: Anderson, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we present the cloud population extracted from M51, following the application of our new high-resolution dust extinction technique to the galaxy (Faustino Vieira et al. 2023). With this technique, we are able to image the gas content of the entire disc of M51 down to 5 pc (0.14"), which allows us to perform a statistical characterisation of well-resolved molecular cloud properties across different large-scale dynamical environments and with galactocentric distance. We find that cloud growth is promoted in regions in the galaxy where shear is minimised; i.e. clouds can grow into higher masses (and surface densities) inside the spiral arms and molecular ring. We do not detect any enhancement of high-mass star formation towards regions favourable to cloud growth, indicating that massive and/or dense clouds are not the sole ingredient for high-mass star formation. We find that in the spiral arms there is a significant decline of cloud surface densities with increasing galactocentric radius, whilst in the inter-arm regions they remain relatively constant. We also find that the surface density distribution for spiral arm clouds has two distinct behaviours in the inner and outer galaxy, with average cloud surface densities at larger galactocentric radii becoming similar to inter-arm clouds. We propose that the tidal interaction between M51 and its companion (NGC 5195) - which heavily affects the nature of the spiral structure - might be the main factor behind this.
description: MNRAS accepted, 20 pages, 16 figures
KTRL+F: Knowledge-Augmented In-Document Search
Creators: name: Oh, Hanseok
name: Shin, Haebin
name: Ko, Miyoung
name: Lee, Hyunji
name: Seo, Minjoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a new problem KTRL+F, a knowledge-augmented in-document search task that necessitates real-time identification of all semantic targets within a document with the awareness of external sources through a single natural query. KTRL+F addresses following unique challenges for in-document search: 1)utilizing knowledge outside the document for extended use of additional information about targets, and 2) balancing between real-time applicability with the performance. We analyze various baselines in KTRL+F and find limitations of existing models, such as hallucinations, high latency, or difficulties in leveraging external knowledge. Therefore, we propose a Knowledge-Augmented Phrase Retrieval model that shows a promising balance between speed and performance by simply augmenting external knowledge in phrase embedding. We also conduct a user study to verify whether solving KTRL+F can enhance search experience for users. It demonstrates that even with our simple model, users can reduce the time for searching with less queries and reduced extra visits to other sources for collecting evidence. We encourage the research community to work on KTRL+F to enhance more efficient in-document information access.
Phase Behavior of the Patchy Colloids Confined in the Patchy Porous Media
Creators: name: Kalyuzhnyi, Yurij V.
name: Patsahan, Taras
name: Holovko, Myroslav
name: Cummings, Peter T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple model for functionalized disordered porous media is proposed and the effects of confinement on self-association, percolation and phase behavior of a fluid of patchy particles are studied. The media is formed by a randomly distributed hard-sphere obstacles fixed in space and decorated by a certain number of off-center square-well sites. The properties of the fluid of patchy particles, represented by the fluid of hard spheres each bearing a set of the off-center square-well sites, are studied using an appropriate combination of the scaled particle theory for the porous media, Wertheim's thermodynamic perturbation theory, and the Flory-Stockmayer theory. To assess the accuracy of the theory a set of computer simulations have been performed. In general, predictions of the theory appear to be in a good agreement with computer simulation results. Confinement and competition between the formation of bonds connecting the fluid particles, and connecting fluid particles and obstacles of the matrix, give rise to a re-entrant phase behavior with three critical points and two separate regions of the liquid-gas phase coexistence.
Target search by active particles
Creators: name: Basu, Urna
name: Sabhapandit, Sanjib
name: Santra, Ion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active particles, which are self-propelled nonequilibrium systems, are modelled by overdamped Langevin equations with colored noise, emulating the self-propulsion. In this chapter, we present a review of the theoretical results for the target search problem of these particles. We focus on three most well-known models, namely, run-and-tumble particles, active Brownian particles, and direction reversing active Brownian particles, which differ in their self-propulsion dynamics. For each of these models, we discuss the first-passage and survival probabilities in the presence of an absorbing target. We also discuss how resetting helps the active particles find targets in a finite time.
description: Prepared as an invited chapter for the book 'THE TARGET PROBLEM' (Editors: D. S. Grebenkov, R. Metzler, G. Oshanin)
title: Molecular characteristics and replication mechanism of dengue, zika and chikungunya arboviruses, and their treatments with natural extracts from plants
title: An updated review
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Anny Karely
name: Muñoz, Ana Luisa
name: Segura, Nidya Alexandra
name: Rangel, Héctor Rafael
name: Bello, Felio
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dengue virus
subject: Zika virus
subject: Chikungunya virus
subject: viral replication
subject: viruses biology
subject: natural extracts
subject: 610

description: Viruses transmitted by arthropods (arboviruses) are the etiological agents of several human diseases that have worldwide distribution; some of them are dengue (DENV), zika (ZIKV), yellow fever (YFV), and chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses. All of them are especially important in tropical and subtropical regions; however, zika and chikungunya viruses are involved in epidemics worldwide, while the dengue virus is still the biggest problem in public health in Latin America, with distribution in almost all countries. These viruses alter the quality of life of the population due to the morbidity and mortality associated with its complications. Factors, such as, environmental conditions that favor the distribution of vectors, deficiencies in health services, and lack of effective vaccines, guarantee the presence of these vector-borne diseases. The treatment of these diseases is only palliative, as there are no therapies formulated till date that demonstrate specific antiviral activity. Moreover, there is still no clarity about the effectiveness of the vaccine for dengue. The use of natural products, as therapeutic tools, is an ancestral practice in different cultures. According to a WHO the 80% of some population of some countries from Africa and Asia depends on the use traditional medicines to deal with some diseases. Molecular characteristics of these viruses are important in determining its cellular pathogenesis, emergence, and dispersion mechanisms, as well as for the development of new antivirals and vaccines for control strategies. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of the molecular structure and replication mechanisms of DENV, YFV, ZIKV, and CHIKV, as well as their mechanism of entry into host cells, and a brief overview about the potential targets accessed to inhibit these viruses in vitro and a summary about their treatment with natural extracts from plants.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 18 2019
Decoherence through Ancilla Anyon Reservoirs
Creators: name: Myerson-Jain, Nayan
name: Hughes, Taylor L.
name: Xu, Cenke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the decoherence of the gapless/critical boundary of a topological order, through interactions with the bulk reservoir of "ancilla anyons." We take the critical boundary of the $2d$ toric code as an example. The intrinsic nonlocal nature of the anyons demands the strong and weak symmetry condition for the ordinary decoherence problem be extended to the strong or weak gauge invariance conditions. We demonstrate that in the $\textit{doubled}$ Hilbert space, the partition function of the boundary is mapped to two layers of the $2d$ critical Ising model with an inter-layer line defect that depends on the species of the anyons causing the decoherence. The line defects associated with the tunneling of bosonic $e$ and $m$ anyons are relevant, and result in long-range correlations for either the $e$ or $m$ anyon respectively on the boundary in the doubled Hilbert space. In contrast, the defect of the $f$ anyon is marginal and leads to a line of fixed points with varying effective central charges, and power-law correlations having continuously varying scaling dimensions. We also demonstrate that decoherence-analogues of Majorana zero modes are localized at the spatial interface of the relevant $e$ and $m$ anyon decoherence channels, which leads to a universal logarithmic scaling of the Rényi entropy of the boundary.
description: 6 + 5.5 pages
Probing interacting dark sector models with future weak lensing-informed galaxy cluster abundance constraints from SPT-3G and CMB-S4
Creators: name: Mazoun, Asmaa
name: Bocquet, Sebastian
name: Garny, Mathias
name: Mohr, Joseph J.
name: Rubira, Henrique
name: Vogt, Sophie M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We forecast the sensitivity of ongoing and future galaxy cluster abundance measurements to detect deviations from the cold dark matter (CDM) paradigm. Concretely, we consider a class of dark sector models that feature an interaction between dark matter and a dark radiation species (IDM-DR). This setup can be naturally realized by a non-Abelian gauge symmetry and has the potential to explain $S_8$ tensions arising within $Λ$CDM. We create mock catalogs of the ongoing SPT-3G as well as the future CMB-S4 surveys of galaxy clusters selected via the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect (tSZE). Both datasets are complemented with cluster mass calibration from next-generation weak gravitational lensing data (ngWL) like those expected from the Euclid mission and the Vera C. Rubin Observatory. We consider an IDM-DR scenario with parameters chosen to be in agreement with Planck 2018 data and that also leads to a low value of $S_8$ as indicated by some local structure formation analyses. Accounting for systematic and stochastic uncertainties in the mass determination and the cluster tSZE selection, we find that both SPT-3G$\times$ngWL and CMB-S4$\times$ngWL cluster data will be able to discriminate this IDM-DR model from $Λ$CDM, and thus test whether dark matter - dark radiation interactions are responsible for lowering $S_8$. Assuming IDM-DR, we forecast that the temperature of the dark radiation can be determined to about 40% (10%) with SPT-3G$\times$ngWL (CMB-S4$\times$ngWL), considering 68% credibility, while $S_8$ can be recovered with percent-level accuracy. Furthermore, we show that IDM-DR can be discriminated from massive neutrinos, and that cluster counts will be able to constrain the dark radiation temperature to be below $\sim 10%$ (at 95% credibility) of the cosmic microwave background temperature if the true cosmological model is $Λ$CDM.
Beyond Subspace Isolation: Many-to-Many Transformer for Light Field Image Super-resolution
Creators: name: Hu, Zeke Zexi
name: Chen, Xiaoming
name: Chung, Vera Yuk Ying
name: Shen, Yiran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The effective extraction of spatial-angular features plays a crucial role in light field image super-resolution (LFSR) tasks, and the introduction of convolution and Transformers leads to significant improvement in this area. Nevertheless, due to the large 4D data volume of light field images, many existing methods opted to decompose the data into a number of lower-dimensional subspaces and perform Transformers in each sub-space individually. As a side effect, these methods inadvertently restrict the self-attention mechanisms to a One-to-One scheme accessing only a limited subset of LF data, explicitly preventing comprehensive optimization on all spatial and angular cues. In this paper, we identify this limitation as subspace isolation and introduce a novel Many-to-Many Transformer (M2MT) to address it. M2MT aggregates angular information in the spatial subspace before performing the self-attention mechanism. It enables complete access to all information across all sub-aperture images (SAIs) in a light field image. Consequently, M2MT is enabled to comprehensively capture long-range correlation dependencies. With M2MT as the pivotal component, we develop a simple yet effective M2MT network for LFSR. Our experimental results demonstrate that M2MT achieves state-of-the-art performance across various public datasets. We further conduct in-depth analysis using local attribution maps (LAM) to obtain visual interpretability, and the results validate that M2MT is empowered with a truly non-local context in both spatial and angular subspaces to mitigate subspace isolation and acquire effective spatial-angular representation.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
VGA: Vision and Graph Fused Attention Network for Rumor Detection
Creators: name: Bai, Lin
name: Jia, Caiyan
name: Song, Ziying
name: Cui, Chaoqun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the development of social media, rumors have been spread broadly on social media platforms, causing great harm to society. Beside textual information, many rumors also use manipulated images or conceal textual information within images to deceive people and avoid being detected, making multimodal rumor detection be a critical problem. The majority of multimodal rumor detection methods mainly concentrate on extracting features of source claims and their corresponding images, while ignoring the comments of rumors and their propagation structures. These comments and structures imply the wisdom of crowds and are proved to be crucial to debunk rumors. Moreover, these methods usually only extract visual features in a basic manner, seldom consider tampering or textual information in images. Therefore, in this study, we propose a novel Vision and Graph Fused Attention Network (VGA) for rumor detection to utilize propagation structures among posts so as to obtain the crowd opinions and further explore visual tampering features, as well as the textual information hidden in images. We conduct extensive experiments on three datasets, demonstrating that VGA can effectively detect multimodal rumors and outperform state-of-the-art methods significantly.
Transient longitudinal waves in 2D square lattices with Voigt elements under concentrated loading
Creators: name: Aleksandrova, Nadezhda I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 74J05, 74H10, 74H40, 74S20

description: The aim of this article is to study the attenuation of transient low-frequency waves in 2D lattices of point masses connected by Voigt elements, under an antiplane concentrated loading. The emphasis is on obtaining analytical estimates for solutions using methods of asymptotic inversion of the Laplace and Fourier transforms in the vicinity of the quasi-front of infinitely long waves. In addition, the problems under study are solved by a finite difference method. The main result of the article is the asymptotic estimates of low-frequency and high-frequency perturbations in the 2D lattice for long periods of time under a transient load. It is shown that the obtained asymptotic estimates qualitatively and quantitatively agree with the results of numerical calculations.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures
SVR Hongkong
Creators: name: Heilmann, Sebastian
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2020

description: Umfragen einer Forschergruppe an der University of Hong Kong zufolge hat sich die öffentliche Zustimmung zur Amtsführung des chinesischen Staatspräsidenten Jiang Zemin Ende Juni auf eine Quote von 66,7% erhöht. Ende Mai 1998 hatte die Zustimmung noch bei 62,4% gelegen. Im Juli 1995, als erstmals Umfragedaten zur Einschätzung Jiangs in Hongkong erhoben wurden, hatte dieser nur einen Wert von 48% erreicht.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Juli 1998
Probing charge of compact objects with gravitational microlensing of gravitational waves
Creators: name: Deka, Uddeepta
name: Chakraborty, Sumanta
name: Kapadia, Shasvath J.
name: Shaikh, Md Arif
name: Ajith, Parameswaran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational microlensing of gravitational waves (GWs) opens up the exciting possibility of studying the spacetime geometry around the lens. In this work, we investigate the prospects of constraining the `charged' hair of a charged gravitating object from the observation of a GW signal microlensed by the same. The charge can have electromagnetic or modified gravity origin. We compute the analytic form of the lensing potential with charge and construct the lensed waveforms for a range of mass and charge of the charged object, assuming them to be non spinning. Using an approximate likelihood function, we explore how future observations of microlensed GWs can constrain the charge of the lens. We conclude that lensing observations are unlikely to be able to constrain the electromagnetic charge of black holes. However, we might be able to put modest constraints on certain modified gravity models (e.g., the brandworld scenario) or the possibility of the lenses being exotic objects (e.g., naked singularities) .
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Interaction quench of dipolar bosons in a one-dimensional optical lattice
Creators: name: Molignini, Paolo
name: Chakrabarti, Barnali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Tonks-Girardeau (TG) gas is a highly correlated quantum state of strongly interacting bosons confined to one dimension, where repulsive interactions make the particles behave like impenetrable fermions. By suddenly tuning these interactions to the attractive regime, it is possible to realize a super-Tonks-Girardeau (sTG) gas -- a highly excited, metastable state of strongly attractive bosons with unique stability properties. Inspired by the sTG quench scenario, we investigate a similar setup but with the inclusion of long-range dipolar interactions, which modify the system away from the TG Mott insulating limit. We simulate an interaction quench on dipolar bosons initially prepared in various states and fillings, using real-space densities, orbital occupations, Glauber correlation functions, and autocorrelation functions to probe post-quench stability. Our results reveal that stability is maintained only at very weak dipolar interaction strengths when starting from a unit-filled TG Mott state. In contrast, all cluster states -- whether unit-filled or doubly-filled -- eventually collapse under attractive interactions. This collapse is not always visible in the density profile but becomes apparent in the autocorrelation function, indicating complex many-body restructuring of the quantum state. Our findings underscore the potential of dipolar interactions to drive novel quantum dynamics and highlight the delicate balance required to stabilize excited states in long-range interacting systems.
description: 16 pages, 17 figures, 4 appendices; accepted version
Highly connected orientations from edge-disjoint rigid subgraphs
Creators: name: Garamvölgyi, Dániel
name: Jordán, Tibor
name: Király, Csaba
name: Villányi, Soma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give an affirmative answer to a long-standing conjecture of Thomassen, stating that every sufficiently highly connected graph has a $k$-vertex-connected orientation. We prove that a connectivity of order $O(k^2)$ suffices. As a key tool, we show that for every pair of positive integers $d$ and $t$, every $(t \cdot h(d))$-connected graph contains $t$ edge-disjoint $d$-rigid (in particular, $d$-connected) spanning subgraphs, where $h(d) = 10d(d+1)$. This also implies a positive answer to the conjecture of Kriesell that every sufficiently highly connected graph $G$ contains a spanning tree $T$ such that $G-E(T)$ is $k$-connected.
description: Changed the proof structure for Theorem 1.6 to make the core ideas more transparent. Final version
Layer-Dependent Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in Rhombohedral Graphene
Creators: name: Liu, Zhaochen
name: Wang, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect, first proposed in the Haldane model, is a paradigmatic example of the application of band topology in condensed matter physics. The recent experimental discoveries of high Chern number QAH effect in pentalayer and tetralayer rhombohedral graphene highlight the intriguing interplay between strong interactions and spin-orbit coupling (SOC). Here we propose a minimal interacting model for spin-orbit-coupled rhombohedral graphene and use the Hartree-Fock analysis to explore the phase diagram at charge neutrality. We find that with Ising SOC on one outmost graphene layer, the in-plane layer-antiferromagnetic order is the insulating ground state without displacement field. Upon increasing the gate displacement field, we find that the QAH state with Chern number being equal to the layer number emerges between layer-antiferromagnetic state and layer-polarized state, which is consistent with experimental observations. Remarkably, we study the phase diagram for different thicknesses and find pentalayer is optimal for the QAH effect. Finally, we propose that the QAH state is enlarged by engineering opposite Ising SOC on the opposite outmost layers of rhombohedral graphene. These results will facilitate the realization of QAH states in rhombohedral graphene with different thicknesses. Our work serves as a foundation for further exploration of correlated physics of insulating state in rhombohedral graphene.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Carrier-phase DNS of ignition and combustion of iron particles in a turbulent mixing layer
Creators: name: Luu, Tien Duc
name: Shamooni, Ali
name: Kronenburg, Andreas
name: Braig, Daniel
name: Mich, Johannes
name: Nguyen, Bich-Diep
name: Scholtissek, Arne
name: Hasse, Christian
name: Thäter, Gabriel
name: Carbone, Maurizio
name: Frohnapfel, Bettina
name: Stein, Oliver Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional CP-DNS of reacting iron particle dust clouds in a turbulent mixing layer are conducted. The simulation approach considers the Eulerian transport equations for the reacting gas phase and resolves all scales of turbulence, whereas the particle boundary layers are modelled employing the Lagrangian point-particle framework for the dispersed phase. The CP-DNS employs an existing sub-model for iron particle combustion that considers the oxidation of iron to FeO and that accounts for both diffusion- and kinetically-limited combustion. At first, the particle sub-model is validated against experimental results for single iron particle combustion considering various particle diameters and ambient oxygen concentrations. Subsequently, the CP-DNS approach is employed to predict iron particle cloud ignition and combustion in a turbulent mixing layer. The upper stream of the mixing layer is initialised with cold particles in air, while the lower stream consists of hot air flowing in the opposite direction. Simulation results show that turbulent mixing induces heating, ignition and combustion of the iron particles. Significant increases in gas temperature and oxygen consumption occur mainly in regions where clusters of iron particles are formed. Over the course of the oxidation, the particles are subjected to different rate-limiting processes. While initially particle oxidation is kinetically-limited it becomes diffusion-limited for higher particle temperatures and peak particle temperatures are observed near the fully-oxidised particle state. Comparing the present non-volatile iron dust flames to general trends in volatile-containing solid fuel flames, non-vanishing particles at late simulation times and a stronger limiting effect of the local oxygen concentration on particle conversion is found for the present iron dust flames in shear-driven turbulence.
Limits of Random Motzkin paths with KPZ related asymptotics
Creators: name: Bryc, Wlodzimierz
name: Kuznetsov, Alexey
name: Wesolowski, Jacek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60C05, 60F05

description: We study Motzkin paths of length $L$ with general weights on the edges and end points. We investigate the limit behavior of the initial and final segments of the random Motzkin path viewed as a pair of processes starting from each of the two end points as $L$ becomes large. We then study macroscopic limits of the resulting processes, where in two different regimes we obtain Markov processes that appeared in the description of the stationary measure for the KPZ equation on the half line and of conjectural stationary measure of the hypothetical KPZ fixed point on the half line. Our results rely on the behavior of the Al-Salam--Chihara polynomials in the neighbourhood of the upper end of their orthogonality interval and on the limiting properties of the $q$-Pochhammer and $q$-Gamma functions as $q\nearrow 1$.
Longitudinal Control Volumes: A Novel Centralized Estimation and Control Framework for Distributed Multi-Agent Sorting Systems
Creators: name: Maier, James
name: Sriganesh, Prasanna
name: Travers, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Centralized control of a multi-agent system improves upon distributed control especially when multiple agents share a common task e.g., sorting different materials in a recycling facility. Traditionally, each agent in a sorting facility is tuned individually which leads to suboptimal performance if one agent is less efficient than the others. Centralized control overcomes this bottleneck by leveraging global system state information, but it can be computationally expensive. In this work, we propose a novel framework called Longitudinal Control Volumes (LCV) to model the flow of material in a recycling facility. We then employ a Kalman Filter that incorporates local measurements of materials into a global estimation of the material flow in the system. We utilize a model predictive control algorithm that optimizes the rate of material flow using the global state estimate in real-time. We show that our proposed framework outperforms distributed control methods by 40-100% in simulation and physical experiments.
description: Accepted to be published at ICRA 2024
Gesetz der VR China über die Ausschließliche Wirtschaftszone und den Festlandsockel vom 26. Juni 1998 im Lichte des Seerechtsübereinkommens der Vereinten Nationen von 1982
Creators: name: Strupp, Michael
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2020

description: (Verabschiedet auf der Dritten Sitzung des Ständigen Ausschusses des IX. Nationalen Volkskongresses am 26.06.1998) Erlaß des Vorsitzenden der Volksrepublik China Nr. 6 Das „Gesetz der Volksrepublik China über die Ausschließliche Wirtschaftszone und den Festlandsockel“ ist auf der dritten Sitzung des Ständigen Ausschusses des IX. Nationalen Volkskongresses der VR China am 26.06.1998 verabschiedet worden, es wird hiermit verkündet und tritt mit Wirkung vom Tag der Verkündung in Kraft. Der Vorsitzende der Volksrepublik China Jiang Zemin
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Juni 1998
Ordonnance du conseil souverain, portant règlement pour les huissiers y servant, leurs fonctions & exploits, & ce qui en dépend
Creators: name: Plouvain, Pierre-Antoine-Samuel-Joseph (1754-1832)
name: Six, Philippe-Josse-Auguste-Joseph (1732-1793)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: Justice royale
Organisation judiciaire
Auxiliaire de justice

description: Source: http://nordnum.univ-lille.fr/ark:/72505/a0115224001360im5Ol/from/a011522400136ypxWl2
description: Coverage: Parlement de Flandre
politische Lage Hongkongs
Creators: name: Nieh, Yu-Hsi
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2020

description: Am 1. Juli jährte sich der Souveränitätswechsel in Hongkong. Das Territorium, das über anderthalb Jahrhunderte unter britischer Herrschaft stand, verfügt über ein klassisch-kapitalistisches System; es wurde an China zurückgegeben, wo seit fast einem halben Jahrhundert ein sozialistisches System herrscht. Unter den Parolen „ein Staat, zwei Systeme*1 und „Hongkonger regieren Hongkong^ hat die Regierung Beijing in der „Sino-britischen Gemeinsamen Erklärung^ von 1984 wie in dem vom chinesischen Nationalen Volkskongreß (NVK) 1990 verabschiedeten Grundgesetz für Hongkong versichert, in Hongkong eine Sonderverwaltungsregion (SVR) mit hochgradiger Autonomie zu gründen. Hongkongs kapitalistisches System und seine Lebensweise sollen 50 Jahre lang unverändert aufrechterhalten werden. Doch in den letzten Jahren vor dem Machtwechsel haben beide Seiten über die politische Demokratisierung und Liberalisierung heftig gestritten. Viele haben damals eine Reduzierung der politischen Freiheiten in Hongkong nach der Wiederherstellung der chinesischen Souveränität vorausgesagt. Diese Befürchtung hat sich aber bislang als unbegründet erwiesen. Es gibt keine Pressezensur, und Massendemonstrationen gegen die SVR- wie die chinesische Zentralregierung wurden nicht unterdrückt.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Juni 1998
Chinas Außenpolitik am Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts
Creators: name: Weggel, Oskar
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2020

description: Im „Politischen Bericht4 des XV. Parteitags der KPCh kam Parteichef Jiang Zemin am 12.9.97 gleich zweimal auf die „Schmach“ (quru) [90] zu sprechen, die die chinesische Nation seit der erzwungenen Preisgabe Hongkongs vor 156 Jahren und seit dem Angriff der „Acht Mächtd4 im Jahre 1900 über sich habe ergehen lassen müssen.26 Das in diesem Zusammenhang verwendete Schriftzeichen qu deutet auf einen sich krümmenden Körper hin, während ru die Vorstellung von Demütigung und Schande assoziiert. China habe sich in der damaligen Zeit stets „am Rande des Abgrundd4 befunden (miewang bianyuari) [91]. Erst durch die mittlerweile wiedererlangte „Staatskraft4 (guoli) [92], durch die zurückgewonnene „Produktivität4 (shengchanli) [93] und durch den neuen „Lebens Standard des Volke^4 (shenghuo shuiping) [94] habe sich China von diesen „hundert Jahren Demütigung4 (bai man quru) [95] „reinwaschen können wie Schned4 (xi xue) [96]. Kontraste, wie sie durch solche Ausführungen heraufbeschworen werden, geben nicht nur Festtagsreden Glanz, sondern spiegeln auch Empfindlichkeiten wider, wie sie in der chinesischen Nation nach wie vor lebendig sind - und wie sie als solche bewußt instrumentiert und wachgehalten werden.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Juni 1998
Running Coupling for Holographic QCD with Heavy and Light Quarks: Isotropic case
Creators: name: Aref'eva, Irina Ya.
name: Hajilou, Ali
name: Slepov, Pavel
name: Usova, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the running coupling constant in holographic models supported by Einstein-dilaton-Maxwell action for heavy and light quarks. To obtain the dependence of the running coupling constant $α$ on temperature and chemical potential we impose boundary conditions on the dilaton field that depend on the position of the horizon. We use two types of boundary conditions: a simple boundary condition with the dilaton field vanishing at the horizon and a boundary condition that ensures an agreement with lattice calculations of string tension between quarks at zero chemical potential. The location of the 1st order phase transitions in $(μ,T)$-plane does not depend on the dilaton boundary conditions for light and heavy quarks. At these phase transitions, the function $α$ undergoes jumps depending on temperature and chemical potential. We also show that for the second boundary conditions the running coupling decreases with a temperature increase, and the dependence on temperature and chemical potential both for light and heavy quarks is actually specified in QGP phase by functions of one variable, demonstrating in this sense auto-model behavior.
description: Sections 4, 5 and Appendixes A, B are moved to a separated submission; matches PRD published version with minor corrections; 64 pages, 46 figures
Open Access Investigates!: Exposing the shady world of predatory publishers
Creators: name: Rye, Olivia
name: Harrison-Henshall, Abigail
name: Martin, Tristan
Publisher: name: University of Manchester
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This breakout session was presented at the Together24 Library Staff Conference on Wednesday 12th June 2024.Occasionally The Open Access Team receives a request for Open Access funding for a journal that we think might be a bit… suspect.In this session we invite colleagues from across the library to don their deerstalker, and act as an Open Access Investigator, spotting the shady publishers and suspicious OA practices of predatory publishers.We’ll cover what predatory publishing is, the ways we spot a problematic journal, and what behaviour and clues we look for to identify a non-reputable publisher. We’ll share our experiences of suspicious journals, and some of the Open Access publishing activity we encounter in the OA team that we consider dodgy.