cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Revisiting Subgradient Method: Complexity and Convergence Beyond Lipschitz Continuity
Creators: name: Li, Xiao
name: Zhao, Lei
name: Zhu, Daoli
name: So, Anthony Man-Cho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The subgradient method is one of the most fundamental algorithmic schemes for nonsmooth optimization. The existing complexity and convergence results for this method are mainly derived for Lipschitz continuous objective functions. In this work, we first extend the typical iteration complexity results for the subgradient method to cover non-Lipschitz convex and weakly convex minimization. Specifically, for the convex case, we can drive the suboptimality gap to below $\varepsilon$ in $\mathcal{O}( \varepsilon^{-2} )$ iterations; for the weakly convex case, we can drive the gradient norm of the Moreau envelope of the objective function to below $\varepsilon$ in $\mathcal{O}( \varepsilon^{-4} )$ iterations. Then, we provide convergence results for the subgradient method in the non-Lipschitz setting when proper diminishing rules on the step size are used. In particular, when $f$ is convex, we establish an $\mathcal{O}(\log(k)/\sqrt{k})$ rate of convergence in terms of the suboptimality gap, where $k$ represents the iteration count. With an additional quadratic growth property, the rate is improved to $\mathcal{O}(1/k)$ in terms of the squared distance to the optimal solution set. When $f$ is weakly convex, asymptotic convergence is established. Our results neither require any modification to the subgradient method nor impose any growth condition on the subgradients, while our analysis is surprisingly simple. To further illustrate the wide applicability of our framework, we extend the aforementioned iteration complexity results to cover the truncated subgradient, the stochastic subgradient, and the proximal subgradient methods for non-Lipschitz convex / weakly convex objective functions.
description: Vietnam J. Math. (2024)
Vafa-Witten Theory: Invariants, Floer Homologies, Higgs Bundles, a Geometric Langlands Correspondence, and Categorification (String Math 2022 Proceedings)
Creators: name: Tan, Meng-Chwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This is a concise version of the original article in [arXiv:2203.17115] that will be published in the String Math 2022 Proceedings by the American Mathematical Society.
description: 16 pp. References updated to match publication version. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2203.17115
The VLT LBG redshift survey - V. Characterizing the z = 3.1 Lyman α emitter population
Creators: name: Bielby, R. M.
name: Tummuangpak, P.
name: Shanks, T.
name: Francke, H.
name: Crighton, Neil
name: Bañados, E.
name: González-López, Jorge
name: Infante, L.
name: Orsi, A.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We present a survey of z similar to 3 Ly alpha emitters (LAEs) within the fields of the VLT Lyman break galaxies (LBG) redshift survey. The data encompass five independent survey fields co-spatial with spectroscopic LBG data and covering a larger total area than previously analysed for LAE number counts and clustering. This affords an improved analysis over previous work by minimizing the effects of cosmic variance and allowing the cross-clustering analysis of LAEs and LBGs. Our photometric sample consists of approximate to 600 LAE candidates, over an area of 1.07 deg(2), with equivalent widths of greater than or similar to 65 angstrom and a flux limit of approximate to 2 x 10(-17) erg cm(-2) s(-1). From spectroscopic follow-up, we measured a success rate of 78 +/- 18 per cent. We find the R-band continuum luminosity function to be similar to 10 times lower than the luminosity function of LBGs at this redshift, consistent with previous studies. Exploiting the large area of the survey, we estimate the LAE auto-correlation function and find a clustering length of r(0) = 2.86 +/- 0.33 h(-1) Mpc, low compared to the z similar to 3 LBG population, but somewhat higher than previous LAE measurements. This corresponds to a median halo mass of M-DM = 10(11.0 +/- 0.3) h(-1) M-circle dot. We present an analysis of clustering length versus continuum magnitude and find that the measurements for LAEs and LBGs are consistent at faint magnitudes. Our combined data set of LAEs and LBGs allows us to measure, for the first time, the LBG-LAE cross-correlation, finding a clustering length of r(0) = 3.29 +/- 0.57 h(-1) Mpc and a LAE halo mass of 10(11.1 +/- 0.4) h(-1) M-circle dot. Overall, we conclude that LAEs inhabit primarily low-mass haloes, but form a relatively small proportion of the galaxy population found in such haloes.
Discontinuation rates of menopausal hormone therapy among postmenopausal women in the post-WHI study era
Creators: name: I. Kyvernitakis
name: K. Kostev
name: O. Hars
name: U-S. Albert
name: P. Hadji
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Objectives Many women are reluctant to take menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) and discontinue the treatment within 12 months. The aim of this study was to investigate the persistence rates of combined MHT in the last decade, reflecting changes in the post-Women’s Health Initiative era.Methods We analyzed 17 020 patients receiving combined MHT from 2004 to 2013 using the Disease Analyzer database.Results After 12 months of follow-up, 44.6% and 33.5% of patients receiving 1 mg and 2 mg, respectively, of oral combined MHT were still on treatment (p < 0.0001). The persistence rate of patients receiving < 50 μg of transdermal MHT was 39.1% after 1 year of treatment and presented no differences compared to patients receiving ≥ 50 μg of transdermal MHT with a persistence rate of 38.2%. MHT start in the years 2007–2009 was associated with higher discontinuation rates (hazard ratio 1.04, p = 0.0709) than MHT start in the years 2010–2013 (hazard ratio 0.90, p = 0.0001).Conclusions Our results indicate that patients beginning their treatments in the years 2010–2013 were more treatment-persistent than patients beginning with MHT in the early years after publication of the Women’s Health Initiative study (2004–2009). Administration of low-dose oral MHT and transdermal MHT is associated with increased persistency compared to higher doses of oral MHT.
Capturing state dependent dynamic events of GABAA-receptors: A microscopic look into the structural and functional insights
Creators: name: Dhananjay Bhattacharyya
name: Ghoshal, Nanda
name: Pavan V Payghan
name: Bera, Indrani
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: The γ-Amino Butyric Acid type A Receptors (GABAA-Rs) are the key players in the mammalian brain that meditate fast inhibitory neurotransmission events. The structural integrity of these ligand gated ion channel controls chloride ion permeability, which in turn monitors important pharmacological functions. Despite ample of studies on GABAA-Rs there was a need for a study on full length receptor structures, devoted to track structure-function correlations based on their dynamic behavior consideration. We have employed molecular dynamics simulations accompanied by other biophysical methods to shed light on sequential and unaddressed questions like: How GABAA-R structure facilitates the entry of GABA molecules at its two orthosteric binding sites? After entry what structural features and changes monitor site-wise GABA binding differences? In the same context, what are the roles and responsibilities of loops such as C and F? On physiologically relevant time scales, how open to close state transition occurs? How salt bridges like E155-R207 and E153-R207 maintain state dependent C-loop structures? In an attempt our simulation study unravels the complete course of GABA binding-unbinding pathway. This provides us with the relevant understanding of state dependent dynamic events of GABAA-Rs.
International Bottom Trawl Survey (IBTS2021-Q1) - French cruise report.
Creators: name: Lazard, Coline
name: Verin, Yves
name: Auber, Arnaud
Publisher: name: Ifremer
Year: 2021

description: In 2021, the French NS-IBTS Q1 survey was conducted as part of the International Bottom Trawl Survey program carried out by main countries bordering the North Sea in order to assess abundance and stocks distribution, independently of commercial fisheries data. The first target of the NS-IBTS Q1 survey is to provide a diagnosis on the main commercial fish species by estimating their abundance per age. A standardized protocol is rigorously applied by all participants. The R/V Thalassa sampled the eastern part of the Channel and southern North Sea (until 56° N) from 19th January to 9th February 2021. During daily time, 56 hauls, lasting 30 minutes, have been carried out with a GOV bottom trawl. A total of 82 fish species have been collected, determined and measured, and 2605 otoliths (for age estimation) have been collected for 13 species. This year, whiting (Merlangius merlangus) represented 30% of the total biomass caught followed by herring (Clupea harengus, 26%). During the night, 107 MIK net have been deployed to calculate an index for herring and sprat larvae abundance. Within each station, a CTD sensor was deployed to record environmental parameters (e.g., temperature, salinity and oxygen) all along the water column, from surface to bottom. In order to study the whole marine ecosystem, some additional studies were carried out in the context of the Marine Strategy Framework Strategy and for various research projects.
Validation of the traditional Chinese version of the Menopausal Rating Scale with WHOQOL-BREF
Creators: name: H-C. Wu
name: S-H. Wen
name: J-S. Hwang
name: S-C. Huang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Medicine
subject: Engineering

description: Objective To assess the criterion validity, construct validity and test–retest reliability of the traditional Chinese language version of the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS-TC version).Methods This was an observational, cross-sectional study covering hospital and community samples of 317 women aged 39–62 years. Two questionnaires were administered, namely, the MRS-TC version, made up of 11 items in three dimensions, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF). The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to examine the test–retest reliability of the questionnaire on two separate occasions, 2 weeks apart. The internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach's α. To evaluate criterion validity, the relationship between the individual items and dimension scores of both instruments was estimated. Pearson's correlation was used to assess convergent and discriminant validity; construct validity was evaluated by comparing the mean scores of menopausal and non-menopausal women for each of the MRS dimensions.Results The final questionnaire comprised 11 items in three dimensions. The intra-class correlation (ICC) for the test–retest reliability ranged from 0.83 to 0.93; values of Cronbach's α for psychological, somatic, and urogenital symptom domains were 0.88, 0.68, and 0.59, respectively. For the convergent and discriminant validity, the correlations between the individual questionnaire and the WHOQOL-BREF were significant; those with the MRS dimensions were significantly negatively associated for the physical, psychological, social and environmental domains.Conclusion The MRS-TC version using the traditional Chinese language is a reliable and valid questionnaire for assessing menopausal symptoms and global quality of life in climacteric women.
International Bottom Trawl Survey (NS-IBTS2023-Q1) - French cruise report
Creators: name: Bled--Defruit, Geoffrey
name: Caboche, Josselin
name: Auber, Arnaud
Publisher: name: Ifremer
Year: 2023

description: In 2023, the French NS-IBTS Q1 survey was conducted as part of the International Bottom Trawl Survey program carried out by main countries bordering the North Sea in order to assess abundance and stocks distribution, independently of commercial fisheries data. The first target of the NS-IBTS Q1 survey is to provide a diagnosis on the main commercial fish species by estimating their abundance per age. A standardized protocol is rigorously applied by all participants. The R/V Thalassa sampled the eastern part of the Channel and southern North Sea (until 55° N) from 23rd January to 14th February 2023. During daily time, 52 hauls, lasting 30 minutes, have been carried out with a GOV bottom trawl. All collected species have been collected, determined and measured, and 2084 otoliths (for age estimation) have been collected for 10 species. This year, whiting (Merlangius merlangus) represented 38% of the total biomass caught followed by (Limanda limanda; 12%), mackerel (Scomber scombrus; 12%), sprat (Sprattus sprattus; 14%) and herring (Clupea harengus; 13%). During the night, 104 MIK net have been deployed to calculate an index for herring, sardine and lemon sole larvae abundance. Within each station, a CTD sensor was deployed to record environmental parameters (e.g., temperature, salinity and oxygen) all along the water column, from surface to bottom. In order to study the whole marine ecosystem, some additional studies were carried out in the context of the Marine Strategy Framework Strategy and for various research projects.
Optimizing Attention and Cognitive Control Costs Using Temporally-Layered Architectures
Creators: name: Patel, Devdhar
name: Sejnowski, Terrence
name: Siegelmann, Hava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The current reinforcement learning framework focuses exclusively on performance, often at the expense of efficiency. In contrast, biological control achieves remarkable performance while also optimizing computational energy expenditure and decision frequency. We propose a Decision Bounded Markov Decision Process (DB-MDP), that constrains the number of decisions and computational energy available to agents in reinforcement learning environments. Our experiments demonstrate that existing reinforcement learning algorithms struggle within this framework, leading to either failure or suboptimal performance. To address this, we introduce a biologically-inspired, Temporally Layered Architecture (TLA), enabling agents to manage computational costs through two layers with distinct time scales and energy requirements. TLA achieves optimal performance in decision-bounded environments and in continuous control environments, it matches state-of-the-art performance while utilizing a fraction of the compute cost. Compared to current reinforcement learning algorithms that solely prioritize performance, our approach significantly lowers computational energy expenditure while maintaining performance. These findings establish a benchmark and pave the way for future research on energy and time-aware control.
description: 50 Pages, 9 Figures, 6 Tables. Replacement after being published in the journal Neural Computation
Extremal bounds for pattern avoidance in multidimensional 0-1 matrices
Creators: name: Geneson, Jesse
name: Tsai, Shen-Fu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A 0-1 matrix $M$ contains another 0-1 matrix $P$ if some submatrix of $M$ can be turned into $P$ by changing any number of $1$-entries to $0$-entries. $M$ is $\mathcal{P}$-saturated where $\mathcal{P}$ is a family of 0-1 matrices if $M$ avoids every element of $\mathcal{P}$ and changing any $0$-entry of $M$ to a $1$-entry introduces a copy of some element of $\mathcal{P}$. The extremal function $\operatorname{ex}(n,\mathcal{P})$ and saturation function $\operatorname{sat}(n,\mathcal{P})$ are the maximum and minimum possible weight of an $n\times n$ $\mathcal{P}$-saturated 0-1 matrix, respectively, and the semisaturation function $\operatorname{ssat}(n,P)$ is the minimum possible weight of an $n\times n$ $\mathcal{P}$-semisaturated 0-1 matrix $M$, i.e., changing any $0$-entry in $M$ to a $1$-entry introduces a new copy of some element of $\mathcal{P}$.
 We give upper bounds on parameters of minimally non-$O(n^{d-1})$ $d$-dimensional 0-1 matrices, generalized from minimally nonlinear 0-1 matrices in two dimensions, and we show the existence of infinitely many minimally non-$O(n^{d-1})$ $d$-dimensional 0-1 matrices with all dimensions of length greater than $1$. For any positive integers $k,d$ and integer $r\in[0,d-1]$, we construct a family of $d$-dimensional 0-1 matrices with both extremal function and saturation function exactly $kn^r$ for sufficiently large $n$. We show that no family of $d$-dimensional 0-1 matrices has saturation function strictly between $O(1)$ and $Θ(n)$ and we construct a family of $d$-dimensional 0-1 matrices with bounded saturation function and extremal function $Ω(n^{d-ε})$ for any $ε>0$. Up to a constant multiplicative factor, we fully settle the problem of characterizing the semisaturation function of families of $d$-dimensional 0-1 matrices, which we prove to always be $Θ(n^r)$ for some integer $r\in[0,d-1]$.
MPEC 2024-K100 : 2024 KH
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 KH

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: Chat messenger use in Parkinson’s care
Creators: name: A. Naegele
name: Isabel Schwaninger
name: L. Toenges
name: C. Eggers
name: T. Warnecke
name: C. Weigand
Publisher: name: LCSB
Year: 2024

description: Background: The demand for messaging apps for communication between healthcare provider and patients is increasing. The expectations of this communication and uncertainties regarding introduction and use are heterogeneous.
Objectives: The implementation of a chat messenger in Parkinson's care should be facilitated by recommendations regarding introduction and usage.
Methods: Semi-structured interviews with neurologists and physiotherapists were carried out to capture expectations and needs regarding messenger use, which formed the basis for the recommendations.
Results: The expectations for technical functionality exceed the chat messenger functions. This concerns e.g. the connection of the messenger to the electronic patient file. There is a great deal of uncertainty, particularly when it comes to the applicable regulations of the GDPR. The recommendations relating to the use of chat messengers and data protection aspects help to implement the tool as an additional communication channel.
Conclusions: Practical recommendations regarding functionality, the use of messengers in everyday life and in relation to data protection are derived from the results. By improving knowledge, doctors and therapists can contribute to the successful establishment of the messenger as an additional communication tool.
Heat kernel estimates on local and non-local Dirichlet spaces satisfying a weak chain condition
Creators: name: Liu, Guanhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we focus on the heat kernel estimates for diffusions and jump processes on metric measure spaces satisfying a weak chain condition, where the length of a nearly shortest $\varepsilon$-chain between two points $x,y$ is comparable with a function of $d(x,y)$ and $\varepsilon$. For a diffusion, the best estimate is already given by Grigor'yan and Telcs, and we make it explicit in our particular case. For jump processes, especially those where the scale of the process is different with that of the jump kernel, we improve the results by Bae, Kang, Kim and Lee. Uniformity of the coefficients (or parameters) in the known estimates and metric transforms play the key role in our proof. We also show by examples how the weak chain condition is valid in practice.
Broken-symmetry magnetic phases in two-dimensional triangulene crystals
Creators: name: Catarina, G.
name: Henriques, J. C. G.
name: Molina-Sánchez, A.
name: Costa, A. T.
name: Fernández-Rossier, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a comprehensive theory of magnetic phases in two-dimensional triangulene crystals, using both Hubbard model and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. We consider centrosymmetric and non-centrosymmetric triangulene crystals. In all cases, DFT and mean-field Hubbard model predict the emergence of broken-symmetry antiferromagnetic (ferrimagnetic) phases for the centrosymmetric (non-centrosymmetric) crystals. This includes the special case of the [4,4]triangulene crystal, whose non-interacting energy bands feature a gap with flat valence and conduction bands. We show how the lack of contrast between the local density of states of these bands, recently measured via scanning tunneling spectroscopy, is a natural consequence of a broken-symmetry Néel state that blocks intermolecular hybridization. Using random phase approximation, we also compute the spin wave spectrum of these crystals, including the recently synthesized [4,4]triangulene crystal. The results are in excellent agreement with the predictions of a Heisenberg spin model derived from multi-configuration calculations for the unit cell. We conclude that experimental results are compatible with an antiferromagnetically ordered phase where each triangulene retains the spin predicted for the isolated species.
International Bottom Trawl Survey (IBTS2019-Q1). French cruise report
Creators: name: Lazard, Coline
name: Verin, Yves
name: Auber, Arnaud
Publisher: name: Ifremer
Year: 2019
Subjects: North sea
GOV
beam trawl
MIK
abundance
stock assessment

description: IBTS surveys (International Bottom Trawl Survey) are carried out within an international framework. Main countries bordering the North Sea participate to it according to the European Community regulations (EC N°1543/2000 and N° 1639/2001) which specify that countries from E.U. have to carry out surveys at sea in order to evaluate abundance and stocks distribution, independently of commercial fisheries data. The first target of the IBTS survey is to have a diagnosis on the main commercial fish stock and to calculate abundances index by age for these species. This survey started in the years 70’s and gradually standardised. Since the years 80’s, a common protocol is implemented and used by all participants. The same fishing gear and the same working methods are used. In addition, to calculate an index for herring and sprat larvae (0 groups), each participating vessel operates with a MIK net during the night (Methot Isaac Kidd). For 20 years, the southern part of the North Sea has been allocated to the French vessel and since 2007, the Eastern Channel has been integrated to the whole sampled area. As interactions and circulation of stock between these two areas are important, Eastern Channel is often associated the North Sea for stock assessment. Herring for example which is exploited all the year in the North Sea comes into the Channel during November and December for reproduction. More precise information on larvae indices will be obtained when this area is sampled. In order to study the whole marine ecosystem of the North Sea and English Channel, some additional studies are carried out during the Survey on the R/V Thalassa. For example, the Continuous Underwater Fish Eggs Sampler device (CUFES) is used to study fish spawning areas. Abundance and distribution of the winter planktonic community (phyto and zoo plankton) and a monitoring study on the structure and distribution of the benthic macroinvertebrates community are also carried out. At last, more samples are done for the Marine Strategy framework since 2015.
Detection and Characterization of Human Enteroviruses, Human Cosaviruses, and a New Human Parechovirus Type in Healthy Individuals in Osun State, Nigeria, 2016/2017
Creators: name: Abiodun Osundare, Folakemi
name: Oluyinka Opaleye, Oladele
name: Abiodun Akindele, Akeem
name: Adeyinka Adedokun, Samuel
name: Anuoluwapo Akanbi, Olusola
name: Bock, Claus-Thomas
name: Diedrich, Sabine
name: Böttcher, Sindy
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: enteroviruses
subject: parechoviruses
subject: cosaviruses
subject: poliovirus
subject: containment
subject: Nigeria
subject: picornavirus
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Human enteroviruses and human parechoviruses are associated with a broad range of diseases and even severe and fatal conditions. For human cosaviruses, the etiological role is yet unknown. Little is known about the circulation of non-polio enteroviruses, human parechoviruses, and human cosaviruses in Nigeria. A total of 113 stool samples were collected from healthy individuals in Osun State between February 2016 and May 2017. RT-PCR assays targeting the 5′ non-coding region (5′ -NCR) were used to screen for human enteroviruses, human parechoviruses, and human cosaviruses. For human enteroviruses, species-specific RT-PCR assays targeting the VP1 regions were used for molecular typing. Inoculation was carried out on RD-A, CaCo-2, HEp-2C, and L20B cell lines to compare molecular and virological assays. Ten samples tested positive for enterovirus RNA with 11 strains detected, including CV-A13 (n = 3), E-18 (n = 2), CV-A20 (n = 1), CV-A24 (n = 1), EV-C99 (n = 1), and EV-C116 (n = 2). Three samples tested positive for human parechovirus RNA, and full genome sequencing on two samples allowed assignment to a new Parechovirus A type (HPeV-19). Thirty-three samples tested positive for cosavirus with assignment to species Cosavirus D and Cosavirus A based on the 5′-NCR region. Screening of stool samples collected from healthy individuals in Nigeria in 2016 and 2017 revealed a high diversity of circulating human enteroviruses, human parechoviruses, and human cosaviruses. Molecular assays for genotyping showed substantial benefits compared with those of cell-culture assays.
Recommendation Unlearning via Influence Function
Creators: name: Zhang, Yang
name: Hu, Zhiyu
name: Bai, Yimeng
name: Wu, Jiancan
name: Wang, Qifan
name: Feng, Fuli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recommendation unlearning is an emerging task to serve users for erasing unusable data (e.g., some historical behaviors) from a well-trained recommender model. Existing methods process unlearning requests by fully or partially retraining the model after removing the unusable data. However, these methods are impractical due to the high computation cost of full retraining and the highly possible performance damage of partial training. In this light, a desired recommendation unlearning method should obtain a similar model as full retraining in a more efficient manner, i.e., achieving complete, efficient and harmless unlearning.
 In this work, we propose a new Influence Function-based Recommendation Unlearning (IFRU) framework, which efficiently updates the model without retraining by estimating the influence of the unusable data on the model via the influence function. In the light that recent recommender models use historical data for both the constructions of the optimization loss and the computational graph (e.g., neighborhood aggregation), IFRU jointly estimates the direct influence of unusable data on optimization loss and the spillover influence on the computational graph to pursue complete unlearning. Furthermore, we propose an importance-based pruning algorithm to reduce the cost of the influence function. IFRU is harmless and applicable to mainstream differentiable models. Extensive experiments demonstrate that IFRU achieves more than 250 times acceleration compared to retraining-based methods with recommendation performance comparable to full retraining. Codes are avaiable at https://github.com/baiyimeng/IFRU.
description: Accepted by ACM TORS
Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) ghanii Muma
Creators: name: DökerK, Ismail
name: AtchiaK, Isabelle
name: JoseK, Anna
name: BoltonK, Samuel J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Phytoseiidae
Typhlodromus
Typhlodromus ghanii

description: Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) ghanii Muma
(Figures 1–2)
 Amblydromella ghanii Muma, 1967: 279.
 Typhlodromus homalii Gupta, 1970: 188. New synonym.
 Amblydromella plebeius Chaudhri, Akbar & Rasool, 1974: 209. Suspected junior synonym. Amblydromella incasus Chaudhri, 1975: 206. Suspected junior synonym.
 Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) sagaricus Karmakar et al., in Molla et al. 2021: 550. New synonym.
description: Published as part of DökerK, Ismail, AtchiaK, Isabelle, JoseK, Anna & BoltonK, Samuel J., 2024, Complementary description of two Anthoseius De Leon (Acari: Phytoseiidae) species based on their holotypes with new synonyms, pp. 192-201 in Acarologia 64 (1) on page 193, DOI: 10.24349/gt2k-nkkv, http://zenodo.org/record/10787320
Phenomenology of bond and flux orders in kagome metals
Creators: name: Wagner, Glenn
name: Guo, Chunyu
name: Moll, Philip J. W.
name: Neupert, Titus
name: Fischer, Mark H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite much experimental and theoretical work, the nature of the charge order in the kagome metals belonging to the family of materials AV$_3$Sb$_5$ (A=Cs,Rb,K) remains controversial. A crucial ingredient for the identification of the ordering in these materials is their response to external perturbations, such as strain or magnetic fields. To this end, we provide a comprehensive symmetry classification of the possible charge orders in kagome materials with a $2\times2$ increase of the unit cell. Motivated by the experimental reports of time-reversal-symmetry breaking and rotational anisotropy, we consider the interdependence of flux and bond orders. Deriving the relevant Landau free energy for possible orders, we study the effect of symmetry-breaking perturbations such as strain and magnetic fields. Our results, thus, provide a roadmap for future tests of these intricate orders.
description: 15 pages (+7 pages appendix), 4 figures (+6 figures appendix), included corrections as published under "Erratum Phys. Rev. B 110, 159901 (2024)"
Persistent disruption of interspecific competition after ultra-low esfenvalerate exposure
Creators: name: Schunck, Florian
name: Liess, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Field and mesocosm studies repeatedly show that higher tier process reduce the predictive accuracy of toxicity evaluation and consequently their value for pesticide risk assessment. Therefore, understanding the influence of ecological complexity on toxicant effects is crucial to improve realism of aquatic risk assessment. Here we investigate the influence of repeated exposure to ecologically realistic concentrations of esfenvalerate on the similarly sensitive species Daphnia magna and Culex pipiens in a food limited and highly competitive environment. We show that significant perturbations in population development are only present close to the EC50. In contrast, interspecific competition between species is already reduced at concentrations 3-4 orders of magnitude below the acute EC50. We conclude that extremely low, environmentally relevant concentrations can disrupt species interactions. This toxicant mediated alteration of competitive balances in ecological communities may be the underlying mechanism for shifts in species distribution at ultra-low pesticide concentrations. A realistic risk assessment should therefore consider these processes in order to predict potential pesticide effects on the structure of communities.
On the eve of the 100th anniversary of IAU Commission 19/A2 “Rotation of the Earth”
Creators: name: Malkin, Zinovy
name: Gross, Richard
name: McCarthy, Dennis
name: Brzeziński, Aleksander
name: Capitaine, Nicole
name: Dehant, Véronique
name: Huang, Chengli
name: Schuh, Harald
name: Vondrák, Jan
name: Yatskiv, Yaroslav
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: earth
subject: astrometry
subject: reference systems and frames
subject: time
subject: history and philosophy of astronomy
subject: geodesy
subject: geophysics

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: IAU Commission 19 began in 1919 with the birth of the IAU at the Brussels Conference, where Standing Committee 19 on Latitude Variations was established as one of 32 standing committees. At the first IAU General Assembly in 1922, Standing Committee 19 became Commission 19 “Variation of Latitude”. In the beginning, the main topic of the Commission was the investigation of polar motion. Later, its activities included observations and theory of Earth rotation and connections between Earth orientation variations and geophysical phenomena. As a result, in 1964 at the XII IAU General Assembly, the Commission was renamed “Rotation of the Earth”. The investigation of Earth orientation variations is primarily based on observations of natural and artificial celestial objects. Therefore, maintenance of the international terrestrial and celestial reference frames, as well as the coordinate transformation between the frames and the improvement of the model of precession/nutation, have always been among the primary Commission topics. In 1987, the IAU through Commissions 19 and 31 “Time” established, jointly with the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, what is now known as the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service. Commission 19 continued to work to develop methods to improve the accuracy and understanding of Earth orientation variations and related reference systems and frames as well as theoretical studies of Earth rotation. In 2015, Commission 19 was renewed as Commission A2 “Rotation of the Earth” continuing Commission 19’s functions and linking the astronomical community to other scientific organizations such as the International Association of Geodesy, International VLBI Service for Geodesy and Astrometry, International GNSS Service, International Laser Ranging Service and International DORIS Service. During its entire history, IAU Commission 19/A2 has always worked in close cooperation with these and other related services to improve the accuracy and consistency of the Earth orientation parameters and celestial and terrestrial reference frames.
More on generalizations of topology of uniform convergence and $m$-topology on $C(X)$
Creators: name: Nandi, Pratip
name: Bharati, Rakesh
name: Ray, Atasi Deb
name: Acharyya, Sudip Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper conglomerates our findings on the space $C(X)$ of all real valued continuous functions, under different generalizations of the topology of uniform convergence and the $m$-topology. The paper begins with answering all the questions which were left open in our previous paper on the classifications of $Z$-ideals of $C(X)$ induced by the $U_I$ and the $m_I$-topologies on $C(X)$. Motivated by the definition of $m^I$-topology, another generalization of the topology of uniform convergence, called $U^I$-topology, is introduced here. Among several other results, it is established that for a convex ideal $I$, a necessary and sufficient condition for $U^I$-topology to coincide with $m^I$-topology is the boundedness of $X\setminus\bigcap Z[I]$ in $X$. As opposed to the case of the $U_I$-topologies (and $m_I$-topologies), it is proved that each $U^I$-topology (respectively, $m^I$-topology) on $C(X)$ is uniquely determined by the ideal $I$. In the last section, the denseness of the set of units of $C(X)$ in $C_U(X)$ (= $C(X)$ with the topology of uniform convergence) is shown to be equivalent to the strong zero dimensionality of the space $X$. Also, the space $X$ is a weakly P-space if and only if the set of zero divisors (including 0) in $C(X)$ is closed in $C_U(X)$. Computing the closure of $C_\mathscr{P}(X)$ (=$\{f\in C(X):\text{the support of }f\in\mathscr{P}\}$ where $\mathscr{P}$ denotes the ideal of closed sets in $X$) in $C_U(X)$ and $C_m(X)$ (= $C(X)$ with the $m$-topology), the results $cl_UC_\mathscr{P}(X) = C_\infty^\mathscr{P}(X)$ ($=\{f\in C(X):\forall n\in\mathbb{N}, \{x\in X:|f(x)|\geq\frac{1}{n}\}\in\mathscr{P}\}$) and $cl_mC_\mathscr{P}(X)=\{f\in C(X):f.g\in C^\mathscr{P}_\infty(X)\text{ for each }g\in C(X)\}$ are achieved.
A new quantum machine learning algorithm: split hidden quantum Markov model inspired by quantum conditional master equation
Creators: name: Li, Xiao-Yu
name: Zhu, Qin-Sheng
name: Hu, Yong
name: Wu, Hao
name: Yang, Guo-Wu
name: Yu, Lian-Hui
name: Chen, Geng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hidden Quantum Markov Model (HQMM) has significant potential for analyzing time-series data and studying stochastic processes in the quantum domain as an upgrading option with potential advantages over classical Markov models. In this paper, we introduced the split HQMM (SHQMM) for implementing the hidden quantum Markov process, utilizing the conditional master equation with a fine balance condition to demonstrate the interconnections among the internal states of the quantum system. The experimental results suggest that our model outperforms previous models in terms of scope of applications and robustness. Additionally, we establish a new learning algorithm to solve parameters in HQMM by relating the quantum conditional master equation to the HQMM. Finally, our study provides clear evidence that the quantum transport system can be considered a physical representation of HQMM. The SHQMM with accompanying algorithms present a novel method to analyze quantum systems and time series grounded in physical implementation.
Trust-aware Safe Control for Autonomous Navigation: Estimation of System-to-human Trust for Trust-adaptive Control Barrier Functions
Creators: name: Ejaz, Saad
name: Inoue, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A trust-aware safe control system for autonomous navigation in the presence of humans, specifically pedestrians, is presented. The system combines model predictive control (MPC) with control barrier functions (CBFs) and trust estimation to ensure safe and reliable navigation in complex environments. Pedestrian trust values are computed based on features, extracted from camera sensor images, such as mutual eye contact and smartphone usage. These trust values are integrated into the MPC controller's CBF constraints, allowing the autonomous vehicle to make informed decisions considering pedestrian behavior. Simulations conducted in the CARLA driving simulator demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed system, showcasing more conservative behaviour around inattentive pedestrians and vice versa. The results highlight the practicality of the system in real-world applications, providing a promising approach to enhance the safety and reliability of autonomous navigation systems, especially self-driving vehicles.
Homology modeling and virtual screening of ubiquitin conjugation enzyme E2A for designing a novel selective antagonist against cancer
Creators: name: Vishwanath Ramatenki
name: Potlapally, Sarita Rajender
name: Dumpati, Rama Krishna
name: Vadija, Rajender
name: Vuruputuri, Uma
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Chemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Cancer is a major health problem in the world. The initiation and progression of cancer is due to imbalance between the programmed cell growth and death. These processes are triggered by the ubiquitin family enzymes. The ubiquitin-like proteins are responsible for the cell metabolism. Ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis by the 26s proteasome plays a crucial role in cell cycle progression as well as in tumorigenesis. In the ubiquitin proteasomal degradation pathway, ubiquitin conjugation enzyme E2A (UBE2A) binds with ubiquitin ligase RAD18, results in polyubiquitation reaction and cell cycle progression. UBE2A is an important contributing factor for the control of tumorigenesis. In the present work, the 3D model of the protein UBE2A was generated by homology modeling technique. The generated 3D structure of the UBE2A was validated, and active site was identified using standard computational protocols. The active site was subjected to structure-based virtual screening using small molecule data banks, and new molecules were identified. The ADME properties of the new ligand molecules were predicted, and the new ligands are identified as potent UBE2A antagonists for cancer therapy.
Raman scattering excitation in monolayers of semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Zinkiewicz, M.
name: Grzeszczyk, M.
name: Kazimierczuk, T.
name: Bartos, M.
name: Nogajewski, K.
name: Pacuski, W.
name: Watanabe, K.
name: Taniguchi, T.
name: Wysmołek, A.
name: Kossacki, P.
name: Potemski, M.
name: Babiński, A.
name: Molas, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Raman scattering excitation (RSE) is an experimental technique in which the spectrum is made up by sweeping the excitation energy when the detection energy is fixed. We study the low-temperature ($T$=5~K) RSE spectra measured on four high quality monolayers (ML) of semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (S-TMDs), $i.e.$ MoS$_2$, MoSe$_2$, WS$_2$, and WSe$_2$, encapsulated in hexagonal BN. The outgoing resonant conditions of Raman scattering reveal an extraordinary intensity enhancement of the phonon modes, which results in extremely rich RSE spectra. The obtained spectra are composed not only of Raman-active peaks, $i.e.$ in-plane E$'$ and out-of-plane A$'_1$, but the appearance of 1$^{st}$, 2$^{nd}$, and higher-order phonon modes is recognised. The intensity profiles of the A$'_1$ modes in the investigated MLs resemble the emissions due to neutral excitons measured in the corresponding PL spectra for the outgoing type of resonant Raman scattering conditions. Furthermore, for the WSe$_2$ ML, the A$'_1$ mode was observed when the incoming light was in resonance with the neutral exciton line. The strength of the exciton-phonon coupling (EPC) in S-TMD MLs strongly depends on the type of their ground excitonic state, $i.e.$ bright or dark, resulting in different shapes of the RSE spectra. Our results demonstrate that RSE spectroscopy is a powerful technique for studying EPC in S-TMD MLs.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, ESI
Beehive panel paintings: Material characterisation
Creators: name: Retko, Klara
name: Kavčič, Maša
name: Legan, Lea
name: Kranjc, Domen
name: Penko, Ana
name: Tavzes, Črtomir
name: Ropret, Polonca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Four different painted beehive panels dating from the beginning of the 19th to the second half of the
 20th century were selected for this study. This type of paintings was predominantly created by the lower
 (rural) classes and as such represents a variety of folk art [1]. This panels were traditionally placed on the
 front side of the hives. They were exposed outdoors, subjected to exterior environmental factors and
 therefore experienced degradation, which resulted in fading, loss of paint strata, etc. Although beehive
 panel paintings are specific and unique for Slovene ethnic territory, in-depth analytical studies regarding
 their material composition has not yet been published.
 Due to restrictions of the sampling, majority of the investigation on material composition within this
 study was performed in a non-invasive manner utilising reflection infrared and Raman spectroscopy. For a
 more detailed investigation micro-transflection FTIR spectroscopy on a diamond-coated metallic stick was
 employed on several areas of the paintings. On two panels, where sampling was allowed, we performed a
 more detailed study on samples’ cross-sections, which contained all stratigraphically present layers
 (wooden support, decorative layers). Paint layers are composed of historically commonly available
 pigments such as iron oxides, cinnabar/vermilion, lead white, carbon-based black, Prussian blue, etc. The
 main binder was determined to be composed of lipids which correspond with written archive texts stating
 that this type of paintings was usually done in oil. Two of the panels were also coated with a triterpenic
 resin. The main differences in the composition were observed for the panel from second half of the
 20th century, where the presence of synthetic organic red pigment PR3 and zinc white was determined.
 Furthermore, the presence of beeswax at the back of the panels was also detected, as well as some of the
 degradation products, such as carboxylates and oxalates.