cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transition between Flow Regimes in Porous Media Using Magnetic Resonance Velocimetry: From Laminar to Turbulent
Creators: name: Lu, Meichen
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: porous-media flow
flow instability
transitional flow
MRI

description: The primary aim of this thesis is to investigate the transition between different flow regimes in porous media. The complete transition spectrum of single-phase flow, from creeping flow to inertial, unsteady laminar, and turbulent flow regimes, was examined in sphere packings. Further understanding of the fundamental fluid dynamics was derived based on the pore-scale flow visualisation using magnetic resonance velocimetry (MRV). Spiral imaging was selected as the ultrafast imaging protocol to probe the transient phenomena, and the acquisition was further accelerated by combining subsampling and compressed sensing reconstruction. In a random sphere packing column with column-to-diameter ratio of 3.44, the inertial effect and the onset of unsteady regime were examined with respect to the principal flow characteristics: the inertial core/channeling, backflow, and helical vortices. Helical vortices have been observed experimentally in a random packing for the first time, and the analogy between the swirling flow and helical vortices provides insight into the design and operation of packed bed reactors. Another new observation is that the transition to the unsteady regime is a highly heterogeneous process, where the evolution of the flow instability depends on the pore geometry. Moreover, pixelwise validation was achieved between the experimental and simulation results on three-dimensional velocity fields in the inertial regime; this is enabled by an image-based meshing pipeline, which reproduces the geometry of the random packing in MRV for the numerical simulation. The unsteady regimes were further investigated using a regular sphere packing, the simple cubic packing (SCP). The spectral analysis, in both the random and regular packing, revealed a route to chaos from the steady to periodic, quasi-periodic, and chaotic dynamics, which was only predicted numerically before. During the transition to turbulence, the coherent structures were extracted using proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), which yields a coherent picture regarding the turbulent dynamics, when combined with the skewness, flatness, and quadrant analysis. Furthermore, it was found that the macroscopic properties converged at lower Reynolds number than the microscopic features. In conclusion, the opportunity to measure flow fields at high spatial and temporal resolution will play an increasingly significant role in the advancement of fundamental fluid dynamics. In this thesis, MRV is used, which is particularly advantageous for non-invasive measurements in opaque systems. This thesis provides the experimental and analysis toolkits for such studies and has demonstrated the contribution to characterising and understanding different flow regimes in porous media.
description: Cambridge Commonwealth, European and International Trust
Two-Qubit Geometric Phase Gate for Quantum Dot Spins using Cavity Polariton Resonance
Creators: name: Puri, Shruti
name: Kim, Na Young
name: Yamamoto, Yoshihisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a design to implement a two-qubit geometric phase gate, by which a pair of electrons confined in adjacent quantum dots are entangled. The entanglement is a result of the Coulomb exchange interaction between the optically excited exciton-polaritons and the localized spins. This optical coupling, resembling the electron-electron Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) inter- actions, offers high speed, high fidelity two-qubit gate operation with moderate cavity quality factor Q. The errors due to the finite lifetime of the polaritons can be minimized by optimizing the optical pulse parameters (duration and energy). The proposed design, using electrostatic quantum dots, maximizes entanglement and ensures scalability.
Epipleoneura fernandezi Racenis 1960
Creators: name: Pessacq, Pablo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Protoneuridae
Epipleoneura
Epipleoneura fernandezi

description: Epipleoneura fernandezi Rácenis, 1960
(Figs. 6, 34, 64)
 Epipleoneura fernandezi Rácenis 1960: 28 –32, figs. 1a–c (new species, description of male and female, illustration of S 10 in posterior and lateral view, female prothorax and mesostigmal lamina in dorsal view, type material at MIZA). De Marmels 1992: 20 (record for Amazonas State).  Garrison et al. 2010 : 352 –354, fig. 2341 (included in list of species, illustrations of epiproct in posterior view).
 Specimens examined. 9♂, 1♀. 6 ♂, Venezuela, Bolivar State, San Francisco de las Babas, río Caroní (Caroni river: 08º09’77”S, 62º48’13”W), 7–13 iv 1983. 2 ♂, campamento base, río Baría, Amazonas State, 3–4 iii 1984. 1♂, Jabillal, Bolivar (10º15’35”S, 67º07’43”W), leg. J. De Marmels, 6–11 viii 1987. PP.
 Diagnosis. Male cercus (Fig. 6) resembles that of E. capilliformis. The cercus inner-basal branch is directed medially, with its apex reaching midline of S10 medially and bent posteriorly (Fig. 6 b). The genital ligula (Fig. 34) is similar to that of E. capilliformis and related species. E. fernandezi differs from other species by unique epiproct morphology, with distal margin with two short lateral branches and a medio-dorsal elevated area extending towards epiproct distal margin as a small medial lobe. The epiproct is similar to those of E. capilliformis and E. demarmelsi, but differs by more pronounced development of lateral branches. The female posterior margin of pronotum (Fig. 64) possesses a medial horseshoe-shaped projection directed posteriorly, and is similar to that of E. venezuelensis (Fig. 59), but with an narrower horseshoe-shaped projection in the latter species. Males of these species are clearly different.
 Distribution. Eastern and southern Venezuela in the States of Bolivar and Amazonas (type locality Bolívar State, Canaima, Venezuela, 06°14'N, 62°51'W).
description: Published as part of Pessacq, Pablo, 2014, Synopsis of Epipleoneura (Zygoptera, Coenagrionidae, " Protoneuridae "), with emphasis on its Brazilian species, pp. 201-234 in Zootaxa 3872 (3) on pages 210-212, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/230974
Demulsification of heavy oil without the use of solvents
Creators: name: Radovanovic, Peter Mladen
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2009

description: Bibliography: p. 83
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: Heavy oil viscosity is one of the few reservoir characteristics that can determine the exploitation strategy for a hydrocarbon pool. It can help predict whether cold production of the reservoir will reach economic rates, or whether thermal techniques need to be employed. In order to determine the viscosity of an oil sample taken from the field, it is necessary to remove all the water and sediment that is typically co-produced along with the oil. With the case of heavy oil, the water and oil tend to bind together in tight emulsions that make separation difficult. Current techniques for water and oil separation make use of demulsifiers, which are typically solvents and chemicals that break the emulsion and allow the two phases to separate. Unfortunately, removing these additives from the oil after separation has proven to be difficult and has significant effects on the measured oil viscosity. An experimental study was carried out to investigate if water and sediment could be removed from heavy oil without altering the physical characteristics of the oil and to obtain repeatable oil viscosity measurements. Field samples were heated to a temperature of 160°C and a pressure of 1931 kPa (280 psig) and forced through a series of filters. The different hydrocarbon fractions were collected and recombined to form a sample with the same physical properties as the original oil. Results showed that the oil samples processed in this manner were devoid of water and had viscosities similar to that of the original oil.
Lifetime physical activity and osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Ratzlaff, Charles R
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Introduction: The overall goal of this thesis is to improve understanding of physical activity (PA), one of the most important, modifiable but controversial risk factors in osteoarthritis (OA). OA is the major public health problem in musculoskeletal medicine and leading cause of physical disability in older adults. The ultimate purpose is to provide evidence to inform OA prevention strategies, something not currently available. Objectives: 1) To construct and describe lifetime trajectories of hip and knee joint force from physical activity in a large Canadian sample; 2) To validate self-report measures of medically-diagnosed OA and novel measures of joint vulnerability against clinical criteria; 3) To evaluate the relationship of lifetime joint force and hip and knee OA. Methods: PA data were collected online from 4,269 subjects via a validated PA survey in a national population-based cohort from 2005 to 2007 and subjects ranked and lifetime trajectories plotted in terms of the ‘cumulative peak force index’, a novel joint force measure. Validation studies were conducted in a sub-sample. Population-based multivariable studies examining the relationship between joint force and incident hip and prevalent knee OA were conducted. Results: 1) Overall women had slightly higher lifetime PA-related force then men. Six percent of subjects developed hip OA and seven percent knee OA during follow up. There was no risk from sport/recreational activity. Very high levels of total lifetime force (hip and knee), occupational force in men (knee) and household-related force in women (knee) were associated with an approximate 2-fold increase in risk of OA, as was previous joint injury (5-fold increase hip, 3-fold knee). At the knee, lower limb malalignment but not joint hypermobility, was associated with knee OA. Higher coordination was protective. Conclusions: Taken collectively, the results show that lifelong physical activity-related joint force is generally safe for the hip and knee, and the promotion of exercise as a major public health initiative should continue without concern for increased rates of OA. Very high levels of occupational force in men and household force in women were risk factors for knee OA. Joint injury, lower limb malalignment and lower coordination were associated with OA.
Minimum thermal conductance in graphene and boron nitride superlattice
Creators: name: Jiang, Jin-Wu
name: Wang, Bing-Shen
name: Wang, Jian-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The minimum thermal conductance versus supercell size ($d_{s}$) is revealed in graphene and boron nitride superlattice with $d_{s}$ far below the phonon mean free path. The minimum value is reached at a constant ratio of $d_{s}/L\approx 5%$, where $L$ is the total length of the superlattice; thus the minimum point of $d_{s}$ depends on $L$. The phenomenon is attributed to the localization property and the number of confined modes in the superlattice. With the increase of $d_{s}$, the localization of the confined mode is enhanced while the number of confined modes decreases, which directly results in the minimum thermal conductance.
description: accepted by APL
Boron-containing aromatic compounds: synthesis, characterization and reactivity
Creators: name: Wood, Thomas Kuchurean
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2009

description: Bibliography: p. 165-173
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: Boron-containing derivatives of barrelene and benzobarrelene were generated in good to excellent yields by Diels-Alder reactions between Lewis base-stabilized borabenzene and strong dienophiles. The resultant Diels-Alder adducts were more stable when the Lewis base donor atom was nitrogen as opposed to phosphorus. All members of the family were found to be highly Lewis acidic, and the neutral donors which ligated the boron atom could not be removed/exchanged. Most compounds exhibited a high degree of thermal stability and underwent ill-defined decomposition only when heated to temperatures in excess of 200 °C. In selected cases the Diels-Alder reaction was found to be reversible and the free borabenzene, formed transiently through a retro-Diels-Alder reaction, could be trapped if a stronger dienophile was present in solution. When one of the barrelenes was treated with 3,6-di(2-pyridyl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine, acetylene was removed to give the first 2,3-disubstituted borabenzene pyridine adduct. Additionally, syntheses were developed for boron-doped versions of the larger acenes: anthracene, naphthacene and pentacene. Boron-doped acenes, 9-boraanthracene, 5-boranaphthacene, and 6-borapentacene, were generated upon deprotonation of appropriately constructed precursors in which the boron atom was ligated by an Arduengo carbene (1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethyl)imidazolidin-2-ylidene ). These molecules were more highly coloured than their corresponding all-carbon counterparts, an observable manifestation of their much smaller HOMO-LUMO gap. This decrease in HOMO-LUMO gap was found to be a result of an increase in the energy of the HOMO, and is attributable to the boron's presence in the acene's n system. Additionally, the smallest member of this family, 9-boraanthracene, was also found to react with strong dienophiles and 0 2 to form Diels-Alder adducts. During the course of this research, two stable spirocyclic boronium ions were also generated, both of which proved to be valuable starting materials for neutral boron-centred radicals.
Who should abate carbon emission?
Creators: name: Chichilnisky, Graciela
name: Heal, Geoffrey M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: Economics

description: We review the optimal pattern of carbon emission abatements across countries in a simple multi-country world. We model explicitly (with the model in Chichilnisky [4]) the fact that the atmosphere is a public good. Within this framework we establish conditions for it to be necessary for optimality that the marginal cost of abatement be the same in all countries. These condition are quite restrictive, and amount to either ignoring distributional issues between countries or operating within a framework within which lump-sum transfers can be made between countries. These results have implications for the use of tradeable emission permits, which as normally advocated will lead to the equalization of marginal abatement costs across countries. The observation that the atmosphere is a public good implies that we may need to look at a Lindahl equilibrium in tradeable permits.
Probing dark matter streams with CoGeNT
Creators: name: Natarajan, Aravind
name: Savage, Christopher
name: Freese, Katherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the future sensitivity of CoGeNT to the presence of dark matter streams and find that consideration of streams in the data may lead to differences in the interpretation of the results. We show the allowed particle mass and cross section for different halo parameters, assuming spin-independent elastic scattering. As an example, we choose a stream with the same velocity profile as that of the Sagittarius stream (and in the Solar neighborhood) and find that, with an exposure of $\sim$ 10 kg year, the CoGeNT results can be expected to exclude the SHM-only halo in favor of an SHM+stream halo at the 95% (99.7%) confidence level provided the stream contributes 3% (5%) of the local dark matter density. The presence of a significant stream component may result in incorrect estimates of the particle mass and cross section unless the presence of the stream is taken into account. We conclude that the CoGeNT experiment is sensitive to streams and care should be taken to include the possibility of streams when analyzing experimental results.
description: Main conclusions unchanged. Discussion on CoGeNT annual modulation included. Manuscript expanded and citations added. Accepted in Physical Review D
The young and the restless : scientific institutions in the late 17th and early 18th century
Creators: name: Boschiero, Luciano
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Science
History

description: This paper is an attempt to analyze the foundations and workings of some of these institutions in Italy that supposedly represent the birth of modern experimental science, focusing on the efforts of the Accademia degli Inquieti (1690-1714) to establish its reputation and to gain funding from the Bolognese Senate and the Papal Court. I will begin by examining the claims made by historians since the eighteenth century regarding the aims and interests of the first scientific institutions and their patrons. The subsequent case studies pertaining to the Accademia del Cimento, the Accademia della Traccia, and especially the Accademia degli Inquieti will aim to show the political and intellectual complexities surrounding the activities of these organizations that historians have traditionally neglected to discuss.
Indirect shareholding within Japan's business groups
Creators: name: Flath, David
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1991
Subjects: Economics
Commerce

description: A new measure of indirect shareholding is proposed and estimated for Japan's six major keiretsu groups. For these groups indirect shareholding by each firm in each other firm is about one fourth as great as direct shareholding on average. Where there are gains to firms from holding stock in other firms, there are also gains from indirect stockholding. Alignment of the firms into groups maximizes indirect shareholding.
Evaluation of county-level poverty alleviation progress by deep learning and satellite observations
Creators: name: Jiang, Yanxiao
name: Zhang, Liqiang
name: Li, Yang
name: Lin, Jintai
name: Li, Jingwen
name: Zhou, Guoqing
name: Liu, Suhong
name: Cao, Jing
name: Xiao, Zhiqiang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Poverty alleviation is one of the greatest challenges faced by low-income and middle-income countries. China, which had the largest rural poverty-stricken population, has made tremendous efforts in alleviating poverty especially since the implementation of the targeted poverty alleviation (TPA) policy in 2014, and by 2020, all national poverty-stricken counties (NPCs) have been out of poverty. This study combines deep learning with multiple satellite datasets to estimate county-level economic development from 2008 to 2019 and assess the effect of the TPA policy for 592 national poverty-stricken counties (NPCs) at country, provincial and county levels. Per capita gross domestic product (GDP) is used to measure the affluence level. From 2014 through 2019, the 592 NPCs experience an average growth rate of per capita GDP at 7.6%±0.4%, higher than the average growth rate of 310 adjacent non-NPC counties (7.3%±0.4%) and of the whole country (6.3%). We also reveal 42 counties with weak growth recently and that the average affluence level of the NPCs in 2019 is still much lower than the national or provincial averages. The inexpensive, timely and accurate method proposed here can be applied to other low-income and middle-income countries for affluence assessment.
Shakespeare and Italian confessional treatises : pestilent speeches, infected ears
Creators: name: Camerlingo, Rosanna
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: English literature
Europeans

description: A few days ago I read in The New York Times that a businessman had entirely funded a production of Hamlet at Broadway where he himself acted Hamlet. The fact that this suffering, cerebral character created in the very beginning of the seventeenth century still appeals to us in a center of the modern world is something that may arouse some curiosity, to say the least. My thesis is that the character of Hamlet was built with material resulting from the cultural earthquake that changed the profile of European geography, and whose legacy is still with us today.
Precision SU(3) lattice thermodynamics for a large temperature range
Creators: name: Borsanyi, Sz.
name: Endrodi, G.
name: Fodor, Z.
name: Katz, S. D.
name: Szabo, K. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the equation of state (pressure, trace anomaly, energy density and entropy density) of the SU(3) gauge theory from lattice field theory in an unprecedented precision and temperature range. We control both finite size and cut-off effects. The studied temperature window (0.7...1000 T_c) stretches from the glueball dominated system into the perturbative regime, which allows us to discuss the range of validity of these approaches. We also determine the preferred renormalization scale of the Hard Thermal Loop scheme and we fit the unknown g^6 order perturbative coefficient at extreme high temperatures T>100 T_c. We furthermore quantify the nonperturbative contribution to the trace anomaly using a simple functional form. Our high precision data allows one to have a complete theoretical description of the equation of state from T=0 all the way to the phase transition, through the transition region into the perturbative regime up to the Stefan-Boltzmann limit. We will discuss this description, too.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, tabulated results included. Version accepted for publication in JHEP
Analysis of Fecal Sludges Reveals Common Enteric Pathogens in Urban Maputo, Mozambique
Creators: name: Zhu, Kevin
name: Berendes, David
name: Risk, Benjamin B.
name: Brown, Joe
name: Capone, Drew
name: Nalá, Rassul
name: Knee, Jackie
name: Stauber, Christine
name: Cumming, Oliver
Publisher: name: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Year: 2020

description:
Sewage surveillance is increasingly used in public health applications: metabolites, biomarkers, and pathogens are detectable in wastewater and can provide useful information about community health. Work on this topic has been limited to wastewaters in mainly high-income settings, however. In low-income countries, where the burden of enteric infection is high, non-sewered sanitation predominates. In order to assess the utility of fecal sludge surveillance as a tool to identify the most prevalent enteric pathogens circulating among at-risk children, we collected 95 matched child stool and fecal sludge samples from household clusters sharing latrines in urban Maputo, Mozambique. We analyzed samples for 20 common enteric pathogens via multiplex real-time quantitative PCR. Among the 95 stools matched to fecal sludges, we detected the six most prevalent bacterial pathogens (Enteroaggregative E. coli, Shigella/Enteroinvasive E. coli, Enterotoxigenic E. coli, Enteropathogenic E. coli, shiga-toxin producing E. coli, Salmonella) and all three protozoan pathogens (Giardia duodenalis, Cryptosporidium parvum, Entamoeba histolytica) in the same rank order in both matrices. We did not observe the same trend for viral pathogens or soil-transmitted helminths, however. Our results suggest that sampling fecal sludges from onsite sanitation offers potential for localized pathogen surveillance in low-income settings where enteric pathogen prevalence is high.
Qualitätsmanagement Lehrveranstaltungen: Empfehlungen für Konzipierung, Etablierung, Durchführung und Verwendung von Evaluationen.
Creators: name: Glatt, Anita (Co-Autor/in)
name: Dönnges, Godela (Autor/in)
name: Frais, Michael (Autor/in)
name: Richli Meyer, Christine; (Autor/in)
name: Schönbächler, Marie-Therese (Autor/in)
name: Wagner, Sandra (Autor/in)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Qualitätsmanagement Lehrveranstaltungen
Lehrevaluation
Evaluation Lehrveranstaltungen

description: Um institutionell akkreditiert zu werden, müssen Hochschulen in der Schweiz die Qualitätsstan-dards für die institutionelle Akkreditierung der Richtlinien des Hochschulrates für die Akkreditierung im Hochschulbereich (Akkreditierungsrichtlinien HFKG, 2015) erfüllen. Mit der institutionellen Akkreditierung sind insbesondere das Bezeichnungsrecht „Universität“, „Fachhochschule“ oder „Pädagogische Hochschule“ und die Gewährung von Bundesbeiträgen verbunden. Die Qualitätsstandards für die institutionelle Akkreditierung sind auf einem relativ hohen Abstraktionsniveau formuliert, um einen Rahmen für das Qualitätsmanagement verschiedener Hochschulen und Hochschuleinheiten sowie Hochschultätigkeiten mit ihren charakteristischen Merkmalen und Bedingungen bieten zu können. Zweck dieses Dokuments ist es, die Qualitätsstandards für die institutionelle Akkreditierung auf das Qualitätsmanagement von Lehrveranstaltungen auszuführen. Zudem werden die Qualitätsstandards um die Evaluationsstandards der Schweizerischen Evaluationsgesell-schaft (SEVAL, 2016) ergänzt. Die Evaluationsstandards bieten eine Grundlage und Hilfestellung für die Planung und Durchführung von professionellen Evaluationen.
description: + ID der Publikation: hslu_57909 + Art des Beitrages: Leitfaden + Sprache: Deutsch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2019-02-04 10:24:54
The financial strategies of Japanese multinational enterprises and internal capital market
Creators: name: Wang, Chung I.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Commerce

description: In this paper, we discuss the problems involved with the internal capital market of Japanese multinational manufacturer, especially the financing roles of the finance subsidiaries. By pooling cash flows from other subsidiaries, finance subsidiaries might relax financing constraints of the group. And since the transactions payments among subsidiaries are centralized by the finance subsidiaries, the finance subsidiaries are able to catch all of the transactions information of the group. This could prevent the managers of subsidiaries from overestimating the profitability of their own projects, make it possible for headquarters to choose the higher quality projects from many subsidiaries by taking risk and profitability into account, and closely monitor the project to make sure whether it is properly conducted. However, if funds of the group fall short, the finance subsidiaries have to raise funds from external capital market for all of the subsidiaries. For outside investors, it is hard to know where the money has gone and how the investment decisions have been made as well as the prospects of the subsidiaries' profitability. That is to say, if headquarters does not function well as a financial intermediary to ensure transparent and safe operation of the business, then the outside investors will reluctantly supply the capital to their enterprise, hence tightening the financing constraints.
Randomness
Creators: name: Luccio, Fabrizio
name: Pagli, Linda
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: "...This famous dialogue was imagined by Giacomo Leopardi1 . In the last sentences he was expressing hope as mere irony, as chance will remain an enemy. But not everybody is as pessimistic as Leopardi, nor is convinced that chance can be characterized in any way, if it exists at all. Let us then look after this fellow, who will be the main character of the following discussion."
Corruption, Black Markets, and the Fiscal Problem in LDC's: Some Recent Findings
Creators: name: McLaren, John
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Economics

description: The fiscal difficulties of LDC's, and the important role for evasion as a part of them, are well-known. Drawing on the rich literature on tax evasion in the public finance literature, much recent research has shed light on two phenomena contributing to this problem: Fiscal corruption and evasion through illegal transactions. This note surveys some of this recent research.
Epipleoneura fuscaenea Williamson 1915
Creators: name: Pessacq, Pablo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Protoneuridae
Epipleoneura
Epipleoneura fuscaenea

description: Epipleoneura fuscaenea Williamson, 1915
(Fig. 18)
 Epipleoneura fuscaenea Williamson 1915: 627 –629, plate 44, figs. 29–30 (new species, male description, illustration of S10 lateral and dorsal view, Type material at NMNH). Kennedy 1917: 294, plate xxiii fig. 30–31 (illustration of genital ligula in lateral and ectal view). Rácenis 1960: 25–26 (included in list of species, recorded for British Guyana). De Marmels 1985: 88–89, figs. 1–2 (new record for Venezuela, description of epiproct, illustrations of S 10 in postero-dorsal and oblique-posterior view).  Garrison et al. 2010 : 352–354, fig. 2342 (included in list of species, illustrations of epiproct in posterior view). Von Ellenrieder 2011: 59, 73 (record from Suriname).
 Diagnosis. Epipleoneura fuscaenea is easily distinguished from other species by the presence of a dorso-ventrally flattened cercus dorsal branch with an apical hook (Fig. 18) and the characteristic epiproct (Fig. 18 b–c) with two long and narrow divergent branches, similar only to that of E. metallica, from which it differs by cercus morphology. Other species with dorso-ventrally flattened cercus dorsal branch (i.e. E. angeloi, E. solitaria De Marmels, 1989) lack the apical hook. The apex of segment 3 of genital ligula has two triangular lobes separated by a V cleft; the postero-lateral projection is directed posteriorly with conspicuous peduncle and the apex approximately triangular. Female unknown.
 Distribution. Wismar, Guyana (type locality). Culebra, Amazonas State, Venezuela (03°33'N, 65°50'W). Brokopondo, Gansee, Suriname (Garrison et al. 2010); Kwamalasamutu, Sipaliwini, Suriname (von Ellenrieder 2011).
 Notes. During my brief visit to the MIZA collection in 2009, I examined material of E. fuscaenea in order to conduct a phylogenetic analysis; unfortunately, I did not draw the studied specimens but only did a schematic drawing of the genital ligula.
description: Published as part of Pessacq, Pablo, 2014, Synopsis of Epipleoneura (Zygoptera, Coenagrionidae, " Protoneuridae "), with emphasis on its Brazilian species, pp. 201-234 in Zootaxa 3872 (3) on pages 213-214, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/230974
Distinguishing coherent atomic processes using wave mixing
Creators: name: Akulshin, A. M.
name: McLean, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are able to clearly distinguish the processes responsible for enhanced low-intensity atomic Kerr nonlinearity, namely coherent population trapping and coherent population oscillations in experiments performed on the Rb D1 line, where one or the other process dominates under appropriate conditions. The potential of this new approach based on wave mixing for probing coherent atomic media is discussed. It allows the new spectral components to be detected with sub-kHz resolution, which is well below the laser linewidth limit. Spatial selectivity and enhanced sensitivity make this method useful for testing dilute cold atomic samples.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Mann, Michael
Creators: name: Binotto, Johannes (Autor/in)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Ein Überblicksaufsatz über den amerikanischen Regisseur Michael Mann und dessen Filmästhetik. Der bekannte Vorwurf der Oberflächlichkeit, den man insgesamt dem US-amerikanischen Kino der Achtzigerjahre macht, wird von Mann zu einem philosophisch-ästhetischen Problem erhoben. Manns Filme setzen das "perfekte Verbrechen" (Baudrillard) der Oberfläche in Szene - und setzen sich ihm zugleich aus. Wo andere Filme der Achtzigerjahre in das verfallen, was Fredric Jameson den "nostalgia mode" nennt, in dem man eine verloren gegangene Geschichte wenigstens noch als Pastiche zu retten versucht, wird bei Mann das Fehlen jeglicher Referenz schonungslos anerkannt.
description: + ID der Publikation: hslu_57530 + Art des Beitrages: Buchkapitel/Beitrag in Sammelband + Herausgeberschaft: Lukas Foerster; Nikolaus Perneczky + Seiten: 114 - 119 + Reihe: FilmmuseumSynemaPublikationen, Nr 31 + Sprache: Deutsch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2019-02-04 10:29:31
On the Learnability of Monotone Functions
Creators: name: Lee, Homin K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Computer science

description: A longstanding lacuna in the field of computational learning theory is the learnability of succinctly representable monotone Boolean functions, i.e., functions that preserve the given order of the input. This thesis makes significant progress towards understanding both the possibilities and the limitations of learning various classes of monotone functions by carefully considering the complexity measures used to evaluate them. We show that Boolean functions computed by polynomial-size monotone circuits are hard to learn assuming the existence of one-way functions. Having shown the hardness of learning general polynomial-size monotone circuits, we show that the class of Boolean functions computed by polynomial-size depth-3 monotone circuits are hard to learn using statistical queries. As a counterpoint, we give a statistical query learning algorithm that can learn random polynomial-size depth-2 monotone circuits (i.e., monotone DNF formulas). As a preliminary step towards a fully polynomial-time, proper learning algorithm for learning polynomial-size monotone decision trees, we also show the relationship between the average depth of a monotone decision tree, its average sensitivity, and its variance. Finally, we return to monotone DNF formulas, and we show that they are teachable (a different model of learning) in the average case. We also show that non-monotone DNF formulas, juntas, and sparse GF2 formulas are teachable in the average case.
Broad Structural Representation Learning
Creators: name: Wang, Shen
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022

description: A broad spectrum of data from different sources and structures are widely existing, such as natural graph data (social network, IT/OT network, brain network), unnatural graph data (image, text, sphere), sequence data (stock). Modeling these data with heterogeneous sources and structures is a fundamental problem in data mining with diversified applications in many science and business fields. Given the intrinsic heterogeneous nature, broad visions and strategies for structural representation are required to derive competitive advantages and unlock the power of the big data.
We investigate and develop novel deep learning approaches for structural pattern analysis and discovering in the graph. Specifically, we proposed new representation learning models from the graph data via graph neural networks. The graph data provides a generalized representation of many different types of inter-connected data collected from various disciplines. Besides the unique attributes possessed by individual nodes, the extensive connections among the nodes can convey very complicated yet important information. The graph data are very challenging to deal with because of their complex structures (containing multiple kinds of nodes and extensive connections), and diverse attributes (attached to the nodes and links).
To address these issues, I will show how to develop structural preserving and heterogeneity preserving representation learning model taking the benefit of graph neural network. I also apply the board structural learning on multiple applications including, healthcare, cybersecurity, recommender system, and natural language processing.
Antiferrodistortive phase transition in EuTiO3
Creators: name: Goian, V.
name: Kamba, S.
name: Pacherova, O.
name: Drahokoupil, J.
name: Palatinus, L.
name: Dusek, M.
name: Rohlicek, J.
name: Savinov, M.
name: Laufek, F.
name: Schranz, W.
name: Fuith, A.
name: Kachlik, M.
name: Maca, K.
name: Shkabko, A.
name: Sagarna, L.
name: Weidenkaff, A.
name: Belik, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray diffraction, dynamical mechanical analysis and infrared reflectivity studies revealed an antiferrodistortive phase transition in EuTiO3 ceramics. Near 300K the perovskite structure changes from cubic Pm-3m to tetragonal I4/mcm due to antiphase tilting of oxygen octahedra along the c axis (a0a0c- in Glazer notation). The phase transition is analogous to SrTiO3. However, some ceramics as well as single crystals of EuTiO3 show different infrared reflectivity spectra bringing evidence of a different crystal structure. In such samples electron diffraction revealed an incommensurate tetragonal structure with modulation wavevector q ~ 0.38 a*. Extra phonons in samples with modulated structure are activated in the IR spectra due to folding of the Brillouin zone. We propose that defects like Eu3+ and oxygen vacancies strongly influence the temperature of the phase transition to antiferrodistortive phase as well as the tendency to incommensurate modulation in EuTiO3.
description: PRB, in press
Requirements for in-situ observations in the calibration/validation process of Earth Observation data
Creators: name: Anttila, Saku
name: Böttcher, Kristin
name: Mallast, Ulf
name: Marangi, Carmela
name: Peng, Jian
name: Zacharis, Steffen
name: Díaz-Delgado, Ricardo
name: Vicario, Severio
name: Garcia, Diego
name: Bäck, Jaana
name: Mirtl, Michael
name: Schaub, Marcus
name: Trotsiuk, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Research infrastrukctures,
calibration and validation
remote sensing
EO products
eLTER infrastructure

description: The purpose of this document is to advance and define requirements for the eLTER RI to be able to serve validation processes of the major Earth Observation (EO) data providers. The document describe the general requirements for in-situ data and identified current eLTER Standard Observations (SOs) that are mostly needed in the calibration and validation processes of the main EO data providers. The docume give a view to the current validation protocols and tools used in the cal/val processes as well as described a framework to evaluate the maturity of in-situ observations for EO validation. Finally, key steps for the eLTER RI required to develop research infrastructure activities to be able serve these validation processes are identified
Dietary omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and neonatal liver metabolism
Creators: name: Novak, Elizabeth Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: It is well-known that the n-3 fatty acids are important regulators of fat and glucose metabolism in adult liver; however, to date most research on the importance of n-3 fatty acids in early development has focused on the brain, with little consideration of effects on other organs. This research addressed the importance of the essential n-3 and n-6 fatty acids for the liver during early development. A series of studies were conducted to address the impact of the amount, balance, and types of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids in the maternal diet and infant milk diet on lipids, protein abundance, gene expression, and relevant metabolites in the developing liver. Using milk-formula fed piglets, the first study demonstrated that the supply of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids impacts infant liver fatty acids, with high dietary n-6 fatty acids decreasing hepatic n-3 fatty acids in a pattern similar to n-3 fatty acid deficiency. Using the rat to address the impact of maternal fatty acid nutrition in gestation and lactation on the infant liver, the second study showed that adding n-3 fatty acids to the maternal diet lead to higher long chain n-3 fatty acids in neonatal liver, and this was associated with higher expression of enzymes of fatty acid oxidation and lower expression of enzymes of glycolysis and amino acid catabolism, with altered amino acid patterns when compared to n-3 fatty acid deficiency. In the third study, providing long chain n-3 fatty acids in the maternal diet led to marked increase in long chain n-3 fatty acids in milk and in the liver of the milk-fed rat pups, and this was associated with lower gene expression for enzymes of fatty acid synthesis and glycolysis and higher gene expression for an enzyme of ketogenesis in the neonatal liver. These studies provide new knowledge to show that the amount, types and balance of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids in the maternal and infant diet are relevant to hepatic metabolic regulation in the early postnatal period. Nutrition support of young infants should consider the needs and functions of n-3 fatty acids beyond the brain.
Zaglyptogastra seminigra
Creators: name: Madl, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Zaglyptogastra
Zaglyptogastra seminigra

description: Zaglyptogastra seminigra (SZÉPLIGETI, 1906)
Megagonia seminiger (!) SZÉPLIGETI, 1906: SZÉPLIGETI 1914: 111 (Obock).
Iphiaulax seminiger (SZÉPLIGETI, 1906): BRUES 1926: 343 (tax., cat. Afr. reg. (Djibouti, not Somaliland)).
Megagonia seminigra SZÉPLIGETI, 1906: FAHRINGER 1935: 485 (key), 492 (tax., cat. Afr. reg.).
Megagonia seminigra SZÉPLIGETI, 1906: SHENEFELT 1978: 1697 (world cat. (Djibouti, not Ethiopia)).
Zaglyptogastra seminiger (SZÉPLIGETI, 1906): QUICKE 1991: 757 (world cat. (Djibouti, not Somalia)), 759 (key), 762 (fig. 12), 769 (tax.).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Obock.
Zaglyptogastra seminigra is also known from Kenya and Tanzania. The record from Egypt (FAHRINGER 1926: 188) should be checked, because Zaglyptogastra nigra (SZEPLIGETI, 1913) is only recorded from the Palaearctic (Egypt, Yemen) region (QUICKE 1991: 755).
description: Published as part of Madl, Michael, 2018, A preliminary catalogue of the Hymenoptera (Insecta) of the Republic of Djibouti, pp. 907-967 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 911, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3776452
ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLE IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FIELD COLLECTED SAMPLES
Creators: name: Jankowski, Kevin Alan
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Analytical chemistry not elsewhere classified
Atmospheric aerosols

description: Atmospheric particles originate from all over the globe with wildly different sources such as sea spray aerosols of the ocean, mineral dust from deserts, biogenic emissions from forests, anthropogenic emissions of urban and industrial areas, volcanic eruptions, and many more. All of these particles can then be transported during which aging can occur where the external and internal chemical composition of particles and drastically be altered in which their physiochemical properties change or new particles as a whole are formed. Understanding what can cause this aging and correctly identifying how these particles change is vital for assessing climate in local areas. Chapter 3 focuses on dry intrusion (DI) and non-DI periods where vertical mixing of air occurs and allows for long range transport of particles. DI periods introduces populations of aged particles from far away sources into local regions. Identification and chemical characterization is performed for both of these periods to highlight the changes the DI period introduces in regards to particle morphology, chemical composition and lifetime. Analysis was performed via computer controlled scanning electron microscopy (CCSEM) for external information of the particles and scanning transmission x-ray microscopy (STXM) was used for internal information. The combination of these two techniques allows for a complete and thorough understanding of the particles during the two periods. Chapter 4 covers the first experiment done on a newly constructed cryogenic cooling cart which was created in the hopes to identify individual ice nucleating events of particles in situ when mimicking real world atmospheric conditions through temperature and humidity control.
Engaging family members in maternal, infant and young child nutrition activities in low‐ and middle‐income countries: A systematic scoping review
Creators: name: Fundira, Dadirai
name: Martin, Stephanie L.
name: Gascoigne, Emily
name: Dickin, Katherine L.
name: McCann, Juliet K.
name: Allotey, Diana
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2021

description:
The influence of fathers, grandmothers and other family members on maternal, infant and young child nutrition practices has been well documented for decades, yet many social and behavioural interventions continue to reach only mothers. While recent guidelines recommend involving fathers, grandmothers and other family members in maternal and child nutrition, we lack a comprehensive review of interventions that have engaged them. This scoping review aimed to address this gap by describing social and behavioural interventions to engage family members in maternal and child nutrition in low- and middle-income countries. We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Global Health and CINAHL for peer-reviewed studies meeting inclusion criteria. We screened 6,570 abstracts, evaluated 179 full-text articles, and included 87 articles from 63 studies. Studies reported a broad range of approaches to engage fathers, grandmothers and other family members to support maternal nutrition (n = 6); breastfeeding (n = 32); complementary feeding (n = 6) and multiple maternal and child nutrition practices (n = 19). Interventions were facility and community based; included individual and group-based interpersonal communication, community mobilization, mass media and mHealth; and reached mothers and family members together or separately. Most interventions were located within the health sector; rare exceptions included nutrition-sensitive agriculture, social protection, early child development and community development interventions. Few interventions addressed gender norms, decision-making, and family dynamics or described formative research or theories informing intervention design. These diverse studies can shed light on innovative programme approaches to increase family support for maternal and child nutrition.
Economics of the Generation and Management of Municipal Solid Waste
Creators: name: Beede, David N.
name: Bloom, David E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper examines the generation and management of municipal solid waste (MSW) through the lens of economics. We estimate that the global burden of MSW amounted to 1.3 billion metric tons in 1990, or 0.67 kilograms of waste per person per day. Industrial countries account for a disproportionate share of the world's MSW relative to their share of world population, while developing countries account for a disproportionate share of the world's MSW relative to their share of world income. Cross-country and time-series analyses reveal that MSW generation is positively associated, but inelastic, with respect to per capita income, and positively associated and unit elastic with respect to population size.