cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Economic Reason for Cultivated Land Circulation
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Liu, Huijun
name: Liu, Yang
name: Liu, Huijun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Cultivated land circulation
subject: Economic reason
subject: Interest subject
subject: Cost benefit
subject: China

description: Characteristics of interest subjects in land circulation market of rural China are introduced, which are land supplier (peasant household) and requester (large household). It is pointed out that due to the poor management capacity and market adaptability, peasant household may rent some or all the contracted land in the form of subcontract if someone is willing to offer a higher rent. Having high comprehensive quality, large households may introduce new agricultural technology on time. They are good at operating efficient agriculture and scale agriculture and have strong market adaptability and business decision-making skill. Through establishing the cost-benefit function, cost benefit of rural land circulation subject is analyzed and the economic reason of rural land circulation is discussed. Result shows that rural land circulation is the expected analysis of cost benefit by relevant subjects driven by economic benefits, in order to realize the optimum allocation of efficiency. Only when the interests of relevant subjects are ensured or improved, can rural land circulation be carried out smoothly. Finally, suggestions are put forward, such as ensuring the price rise of agricultural products, promoting the development of agricultural science and technology, reducing the circulation cost and enhancing the formation of agricultural scale in order to promote the rapid, orderly and healthy development of rural land circulation.
Dark Energy in the Universe, the Irreversibility of Time and Neutrinos
Creators: name: Mavromatos, N. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review, I discuss briefly how the presence of a cosmological constant in the Universe may imply a decoherent evolution of quantum matter in it, and as a consequence a fundamental irreversibility of time unrelated in principle to CP properties (Cosmological CPT Violation).In this context, I also discuss recently suggested novel possible contributions of massive neutrinos to the cosmological constant, which are not due to the standard loop expansion in quantum field theory, but rather due to unconventional properties of (some version of) the quantum theory underlying flavour mixing. It is also argued that quantum space time foam may be responsible for the neutrino mass differences, observed today, and through the above considerations, for the (majority of the) dark energy of the Universe in the present era. In the above context, I also present a fit of all the currently available neutrino oscillation data, including the LSND ``anomalous'' experimental results, based on such a CPT Violating decoherent neutrino model. The key feature is to use different decoherent parameters between neutrinos and antineutrinos, due to the above mentioned CPT violation. This points to the necessity of future experiments, concentrating on the antineutrino sector, in order to falsify the model.
description: 13 pages revtex, four figures incorporated; better fit to guarantee positivity on some data; no effects on conclusions, plenary talk at DICE2004 international conference, Piombino (Italy), September 1-4 2004
Difference between Supply and Demand of Land Consumption Function in Huadu District, Guangzhou City, China
Creators: name: Zheng, Deben
name: Zhao, Guanwei
name: Zheng, Deben
name: Zhao, Guanwei
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Land consumption function
subject: Ecological footprint
subject: Ecological deficit
subject: Ecological capacity
subject: Huadu District
subject: China

description: Ecological Footprint Method is introduced to define the range of biological resource consumption account and fossil energy consumption account. According to the relevant data of land use and ecological environment in Huadu District, Guandzhou City, Guangdong Province, China from the year 1990 to 2005, ecological footprint analysis method is used to research on the demand and supply of land consumption function of Huadu District, as well as the difference variation between supply and demand. Result shows that per capita ecological footprint and total ecological footprint have increased sharply from 1990 to 2005. Biological resource consumption has an absolute advantage of proportion compared with fossil energy. Growth speed of fossil energy footprint is faster than that of biological resource footprint. However, structure of total ecological footprint has not changed significantly. Demand of land consumption function is far beyond the ecological carrying capacity of Huadu District. But land use intensity has not exceeded the ecological threshold produced by supporting consumption function of land use system, indicating that ecological environment system is still relatively safe in Huadu District.
Specific star formation rates to redshift 5 from the FORS Deep Field and the GOODS-S Field
Creators: name: Feulner, Georg
name: Gabasch, Armin
name: Salvato, Mara
name: Drory, Niv
name: Hopp, Ulrich
name: Bender, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the build-up of stellar mass in galaxies over a wide redshift range 0.4 < z < 5.0 by studying the evolution of the specific star formation rate (SSFR), defined as the star formation rate per unit stellar mass, as a function of stellar mass and age. Our work is based on a combined sample of ~ 9000 galaxies from the FORS Deep Field and the GOODS-S field, providing high statistical accuracy and relative insensitivity against cosmic variance. As at lower redshifts, we find that lower-mass galaxies show higher SSFRs than higher mass galaxies, although highly obscured galaxies remain undetected in our sample. Furthermore, the highest mass galaxies contain the oldest stellar populations at all redshifts, in principle agreement with the existence of evolved, massive galaxies at 1 < z < 3. It is remarkable, however, that this trend continues to very high redshifts of z ~ 4. We also show that with increasing redshift the SSFR for massive galaxies increases by a factor of ~ 10, reaching the era of their formation at z ~ 2 and beyond. These findings can be interpreted as evidence for an early epoch of star formation in the most massive galaxies, and ongoing star-formation activity in lower mass galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJL; 4 pages, 2 color figures, uses emulateapj.cls
Nanoflare Theory Revisited
Creators: name: Jafari, Amir
name: Vishniac, Ethan
name: Xu, Siyao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Local magnetic reversals are an inseparable part of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence whose collective outcome on an arbitrary scale in the inertial range may lead to a global stochastic reconnection event with a rate independent of small scale physics. We show that this picture is intimately related to the nanoflare theory of the solar corona. First, we argue that due to stochastic flux freezing, a generalized version of flux freezing in turbulence, the magnetic field follows the turbulent flow in a statistical sense. Bending and stretching an initially smooth field, therefore, the turbulence generally increases the magnetic spatial complexity. Strong magnetic shears associated with such a highly tangled field can trigger local reversals and field annihilations that convert magnetic energy into kinetic and thermal energy respectively. The former maintains the turbulence, which incidentally continues to entangle the field completing the cycle, while the latter enhances the heat generation in the dissipative range. We support this theoretical picture invoking recent analytical and numerical studies which suggest a correlation between magnetic complexity and magnetic energy dissipation. The amplification of multiple local, in-phase reversals by super-linear Richardson diffusion may initiate a global reconnection at larger scales, however, even in the absence of such a global stochastic reconnection, the small scale reversals will continue to interact with the turbulence. We employ conventional scaling laws of MHD turbulence to illustrate that these local events are indeed efficient in both enhancing the turbulence and generating heat. Finally, using an MHD numerical simulation, we show that the time evolution of the magnetic complexity is statistically correlated with the kinetic energy injection rate and/or magnetic-to-thermal energy conversion rate.
Spin reorientation and in-plane magnetoresistance of lightly doped La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_{4} in magnetic fields up to 55 T
Creators: name: Ono, S.
name: Komiya, Seiki
name: Lavrov, A. N.
name: Ando, Yoichi
name: Balakirev, F. F.
name: Betts, J. B.
name: Boebinger, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetoresistance (MR) in the in-plane resistivity is measured in magnetic fields up to 55 T in lightly doped La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_{4} in the Néel state (x = 0.01) and in the spin-glass state (x = 0.03) using high-quality untwinned single crystals. In both cases, a large negative MR is observed to appear when the magnetic order is established. For x = 0.01, it is found that the MR is indicative of a one-step transition into a high-field weak-ferromagnetic state at around 20 T when the magnetic field is applied from the spin easy axis (b axis), which means that there is no spin-flop transition in the Néel state of this material; this is contrary to a previous report, but is natural in light of the peculiar in-plane magnetic susceptibility anisotropy recently found in this system. In the spin-glass state, we observe that the large (up to \sim20%) negative MR saturates at around 40 T, and this MR is found to be essentially isotropic when the magnetic field is rotated within the ab plane. Our data show that the large negative MR is inherent to LSCO in a magnetically ordered state, in which the weak-ferromagnetic (WF) moment becomes well-defined; we discuss that the observed MR is essentially due to the reorientation of the WF moments towards the magnetic field direction both in the Néel state and in the spin-glass state.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Option Pricing on Renewable Commodity Markets
Creators: name: Jin, Na
name: Lence, Sergio H.
name: Hart, Chad E.
name: Hayes, Dermot J.
name: Jin, Na
name: Lence, Sergio H.
name: Hart, Chad E.
name: Hayes, Dermot J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: commodity futures and option
subject: price mean reverting
subject: seasonality

description: Options markets on agricultural commodities with maturities that exceed 13 months seldom trade. Our hypothesis is that this market failure is due to the absence of an accurate option pricing model for commodities where mean reversion can be expected. Standard option pricing models assume proportionality between price variance and time to maturity. This proportionality is not a valid assumption for commodities where supply response works to bring prices back to production costs. The model suggests that traditional option pricing models will overprice long-term options on these markets.
Response of the BGO Calorimeter to Cosmic Ray Nuclei in the DAMPE Experiment on Orbit
Creators: name: Dai, H. T.
name: Zhang, Y. L.
name: Zang, J. J.
name: Zhang, Z. Y.
name: Wei, Y. F.
name: Wu, L. B.
name: Liu, C. M.
name: Luo, C. N.
name: Kyratzis, D.
name: De Benedittis, A.
name: Zhao, C.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Jiang, P. C.
name: Wang, Y. Z.
name: Zhao, Y. Z.
name: Wang, X. L.
name: Xu, Z. Z.
name: Huang, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is about a study on the response of the BGO calorimeter of DAMPE experiment. Four elements in Cosmic Ray nuclei are used as sources for this analysis. A feature resulting from the geomagnetic cutoff exhibits in the energy spectrum, both in simulated and reconstructed data, and is compared between them.
Did local government structure kill small town America?
Creators: name: Warziniack, Travis
name: Warziniack, Travis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Political Economy
subject: open space
subject: spatial economics
subject: referendum
subject: voting

description: This article examines the provision of public goods in an urban area and the effect voting has on the level and location of amenities throughout a city. It is particularly appropriate for small communities that must finance economic development projects with limited funds. The work presented is a result of working with rural communities throughout America that have seen their historic downtowns deteriorate as big box retail grows on the urban fringe. I find this shift in community development may be a result of the way local economic development is financed and projects are decided upon. Specifically, I find significant welfare losses associated with voting for a public good in space. Small public projects that would lead to community-wide welfare improvements are always under-provided, amenities from any public good provided exceed the social optimum, and amenities throughout the city are inappropriately located. Urban amenities refer to city parks, libraries, recreation and cultural centers, museums, landscaping, and other goods that are publicly provided for the enjoyment of residents. Parks and recreation centers serve as extended backyards, community gathering places, and wildlife habitat. Cultural centers and landscaping enhance local neighborhoods and are used as a gauge of a community's quality of life. Often these amenities are created by public referendum or by public servants acting on behalf of the community, presumably as if there was a referendum, and, once created, are financed through property taxes spread evenly across the community. The benefits of urban amenities, however, do not accrue evenly across a community. They create a spatial externality in the sense that residents living nearer the public good benefit more than a resident living across town. This introduces two opposing forces in the decision of public good location. There is pressure for amenities to be created where access is highest and spillovers are largest; however, such land is typically more expensive, leading to a higher tax burden.
Trouble with space-like noncommutative field theory
Creators: name: Gayral, V.
name: Gracia-Bondia, J. M.
name: Ruiz, F. Ruiz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is argued that the one-loop effective action for a space-like noncommutative scalar field theory does not exist. This indicates that such theories are not renormalizable already at one loop order and suggests supersymmetrization and reinvestigating other types of noncommutativity.
description: 1+7 pages. v2: two references added
A Method to Measure $ϕ_1$ Using $\bar{B}^0 \to D h^0$ With Multibody $D$ Decay
Creators: name: Bondar, Alex
name: Gershon, Tim
name: Krokovny, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a new method to measure the angle $ϕ_1$ of the CKM Unitarity Triangle using amplitude analysis of the multibody decay of the neutral $D$ meson produced via $\bar{B} \to D h^0$ colour-suppressed decays. The method employs the interference between $D^0$ and $\bar{D}^0$ to directly extract the value of $2ϕ_1$, and thus resolve the ambiguity between $2ϕ_1$ and $π-2ϕ_1$ in the measurement of $\sin(2ϕ_1)$ using $\bar{B}^0 \to J/ ψ\ks$. We present a feasibility study of this method using Monte Carlo simulation.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. See also talk presented by T.G. at CKM2005 (http://ckm2005.ucsd.edu/) Submitted to Physics Letters B
RPC based tracking system at CERN GIF++ facility
Creators: name: Mota Amarilo, K.
name: Samalan, A.
name: Tytgat, M.
name: El Sawy, M.
name: Alves, G. A.
name: Marujo, F.
name: Coelho, E. A.
name: Da Costa, E. M.
name: Nogima, H.
name: Santoro, A.
name: De Souza, S. Fonseca
name: De Jesus Damiao, D.
name: Thiel, M.
name: Filho, M. Barroso Ferreira
name: Aleksandrov, A.
name: Hadjiiska, R.
name: Iaydjiev, P.
name: Rodozov, M.
name: Shopova, M.
name: Soultanov, G.
name: Dimitrov, A.
name: Litov, L.
name: Pavlov, B.
name: Petkov, P.
name: Petrov, A.
name: Shumka, E.
name: Qian, S. J.
name: Kou, H.
name: Liu, Z.-A.
name: Zhao, J.
name: Song, J.
name: Hou, Q.
name: Diao, W.
name: Cao, P.
name: Avila, C.
name: Barbosa, D.
name: Cabrera, A.
name: Florez, A.
name: Fraga, J.
name: Reyes, J.
name: Assran, Y.
name: Mahmoud, M. A.
name: Mohammed, Y.
name: Crotty, I.
name: Laktineh, I.
name: Grenier, G.
name: Gouzevitch, M.
name: Mirabito, L.
name: Shchablo, K.
name: Bagaturia, I.
name: Lomidze, I.
name: Tsamalaidze, Z.
name: Amoozegar, V.
name: Boghrati, B.
name: Ebraimi, M.
name: Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi
name: Zareian, E.
name: Abbrescia, M.
name: Iaselli, G.
name: Pugliese, G.
name: Loddo, F.
name: De Filippis, N.
name: Aly, R.
name: Ramos, D.
name: Elmetenawee, W.
name: Leszki, S.
name: Margjeka, I.
name: Paesani, D.
name: Benussi, L.
name: Bianco, S.
name: Piccolo, D.
name: Meola, S.
name: Buontempo, S.
name: Carnevali, F.
name: Lista, L.
name: Paolucci, P.
name: Fienga, F.
name: Braghieri, A.
name: Salvini, P.
name: Montagna, P.
name: Riccardi, C.
name: Vitulo, P.
name: Asilar, E.
name: Choi, J.
name: Kim, T. J.
name: Choi, S. Y.
name: Hong, B.
name: Lee, K. S.
name: Oh, H. Y.
name: Goh, J.
name: Yu, I.
name: Estrada, C. Uribe
name: Pedraza, I.
name: Castilla-Valdez, H.
name: Sanchez-Hernandez, A.
name: Fernandez, R. L.
name: Ramirez-Garcia, M.
name: Vazquez, E.
name: Shah, M. A.
name: Zaganidis, N.
name: Radi, A.
name: Hoorani, H.
name: Muhammad, S.
name: Ahmad, A.
name: Asghar, I.
name: Khan, W. A.
name: Eysermans, J.
name: Torres Da Silva De Araujo, Felipe
name: CMS Muon Group
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 530

description: 12 Seiten (2022).
A decision integration strategy for short-term demand forecasting and ordering for red blood cell components
Creators: name: Li, Na
name: Chiang, Fei
name: Down, Douglas G.
name: Heddle, Nancy M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Blood transfusion is one of the most crucial and commonly administered therapeutics worldwide. The need for more accurate and efficient ways to manage blood demand and supply is an increasing concern. Building a technology-based, robust blood demand and supply chain that can achieve the goals of reducing ordering frequency, inventory level, wastage and shortage, while maintaining the safety of blood usage, is essential in modern healthcare systems. In this study, we summarize the key challenges in current demand and supply management for red blood cells (RBCs). We combine ideas from statistical time series modeling, machine learning, and operations research in developing an ordering decision strategy for RBCs, through integrating a hybrid demand forecasting model using clinical predictors and a data-driven multi-period inventory problem considering inventory and reorder constraints. We have applied the integrated ordering strategy to the blood inventory management system in Hamilton, Ontario using a large clinical database from 2008 to 2018. The proposed hybrid demand forecasting model provides robust and accurate predictions, and identifies important clinical predictors for short-term RBC demand forecasting. Compared with the actual historical data, our integrated ordering strategy reduces the inventory level by 40% and decreases the ordering frequency by 60%, with low incidence of shortages and wastage due to expiration. If implemented successfully, our proposed strategy can achieve significant cost savings for healthcare systems and blood suppliers. The proposed ordering strategy is generalizable to other blood products or even other perishable products.
description: This file includes 30 pages with 10 figures in total. This work has been submitted to Operations Research for Health Care for publication in August 2020
On the statistical stability of families of attracting sets and the contracting Lorenz attractor
Creators: name: Araujo, Vitor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37D45, 37D30, 37D25, 37D35

description: We present criteria for statistical stability of attracting sets for vector fields using dynamical conditions on the corresponding generated flows. These conditions are easily verified for all singular-hyperbolic attracting sets of $C^2$ vector fields using known results, providing robust examples of statistically stable singular attracting sets (encompassing in particular the Lorenz and geometrical Lorenz attractors). These conditions are shown to hold also on the persistent but non-robust family of contracting Lorenz flows (also known as Rovella attractors), providing examples of statistical stability among members of non-open families of dynamical systems. In both instances, our conditions void the use of detailed information about perturbations of the one-dimensional induced dynamics on specially chosen Poincaré sections.
description: 15 pages; 01 figure; online version https://rdcu.be/cf6tH
Two-loop corrections to Higgs boson production
Creators: name: Ravindran, V.
name: Smith, J.
name: van Neerven, W. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present the complete two-loop vertex corrections to scalar and pseudo-scalar Higgs boson production for general colour factors for the gauge group ${\rm SU(N)}$ in the limit where the top quark mass gets infinite. We derive a general formula for the vertex correction which holds for conserved and non conserved operators. For the conserved operator we take the electromagnetic vertex correction as an example whereas for the non conserved operators we take the two vertex corrections above. Our observations for the structure of the pole terms $1/ε^4$, $1/ε^3$ and $1/ε^2$ in two loop order are the same as made earlier in the literature for electromagnetism. However we also elucidate the origin of the second order single pole term which is equal to the second order singular part of the anomalous dimension plus a universal function which is the same for the quark and the gluon. [3mm]
description: 27 pages LaTeX.We correct some misprints. Moreover we have discovered that the second order single pole term is equal to the singular part of the second order anomalous dimension plus a universal function which is the same for the quark and the gluon. This holds for vertex corrections as well as for scattering amplitudes
Mass spectrometry of Rhodopseudomonas palustris chromatophores and a method for displaying proteomes
Creators: name: Fejes, Anthony Peter
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Mass Spectrometry of proteins and biologically relevant molecules is an area in which a growing interest in being expressed. However, the field is still in its infancy with respect to the compilation of proteomes of both sub-cellular fractions and whole cells. A two step approach has been used to evaluate the suitability of the mass spectrometry technique on the purple non-sulphur bacteria, Rhodopsuedomonas palustris. I first analyzed the mass spectrometry of isolated chromatophores, vesicles formed by invaginations of the bacterial inner membrane, to evaluate our approach. I searched for proteins expected to be located in these structures, identified proteins that may be associated with the chromatophores and searched for potentially novel photosynthetically related hypothetical proteins. Subsequently, I investigated the complete proteome of the bacteria under a number of different environmental conditions and used a mutant strain of this bacterium. From the preliminary results, I created a new approach for display of the proteomics data obtained by my collaborators. This allows for the rapid examination of qualitative and quantitative aspects of proteins by colour-coded display of grouped peptides.
Additional file 1 of Neurophysiological signatures of hand motor response to dual-transcranial direct current stimulation in subacute stroke: a TMS and MEG study
Creators: name: I-Ju Kuo
name: Tang, Chih-Wei
name: Yun-An Tsai
name: Shuen-Chang Tang
name: Chun-Jen Lin
name: Shih-Pin Hsu
name: Wei-Kuang Liang
name: Juan, Chi-Hung
name: Zich, Catharina
name: Stagg, Charlotte J.
name: Lee, I-Hui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Table A.1, Table A.2, Table A.3, Table A.4, Table A.5. Full statistic values of analysis of variance.
Some peculiarities of activity for comets with orbits on 2 - 5 AU
Creators: name: Musiichuk, E.
name: Borysenko, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Periodic comets of different dynamical groups with orbits at 2 - 5 AU still occasionally active. The observed dust activity of such objects can be connected with processes of water ice sublimation (MBCs) or crystallization of amorphous water ice (QHCs) as well as with external causes. No connections of cometary flares with cyclic variations of solar activity indexes were found. But some individual solar flares can affect the brightness of comets. Cometary objects in the main asteroid belt have a lower statistic of flares than comets at orbits like quasi-Hilda objects.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Draft genome sequences of Hirudo medicinalis and salivary transcriptome of three closely related medicinal leeches
Creators: name: Babenko, Vladislav V.
name: Podgorny, Oleg V.
name: Manuvera, Valentin A.
name: Kasianov, Artem S.
name: Manolov, Alexander I.
name: Grafskaia, Ekaterina N.
name: Shirokov, Dmitriy A.
name: Kurdyumov, Alexey S.
name: Vinogradov, Dmitriy V.
name: Nikitina, Anastasia S.
name: Kovalchuk, Sergey I.
name: Nickolay A. Anikanov
name: Butenko, Ivan O.
name: Pobeguts, Olga V.
name: Matyushkina, Daria S.
name: Rakitina, Daria V.
name: Kostryukova, Elena S.
name: Zgoda, Victor G.
name: Baskova, Isolda P.
name: Trukhan, Vladimir M.
name: Gelfand, Mikhail S.
name: Govorun, Vadim M.
name: Schiöth, Helgi B.
name: Lazarev, Vassili N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary tables, figures, results and methods.
Stepping stones for biological invasion: A bioeconomic model of transferable risk
Creators: name: Warziniack, Travis
name: Finnoff, David C.
name: Bossenbroek, Jonathan
name: Shogren, Jason F.
name: Lodge, David
name: Warziniack, Travis
name: Finnoff, David C.
name: Bossenbroek, Jonathan
name: Shogren, Jason F.
name: Lodge, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: bioeconomic
subject: invasive species
subject: risk
subject: weak-link
subject: welfare

description: Herein we model the widespread dispersal and management of an invasive species as a weak-link public good. The risk of introduction is driven in part by economic activity, is influenced by policies directed at the risk, and economic activity responds/adapts to the risk. Framed around recent introductions and rapid spread of dreissenid mussels in the Western United States, we find three key results. First, partial equilibrium estimates of welfare loss are significantly overestimated relative to general equilibrium estimates. If ecosystem services and market goods are substitutes the partial equilibrium bias is greater than if they are compliments. Second, well-intended policies do not necessarily reduce overall risk; risk reduction actions can transfer risk to another time or location, or both, which may increase total risk. Third, policies of quotas and inspections have to be extreme to improve welfare, with inspections having advantages over quotas.
The Radio Quiescence of Active Galaxies with High Accretion Rates
Creators: name: Greene, Jenny E.
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Ulvestad, James S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 6 cm Very Large Array observations of the Greene & Ho (2004) sample of 19 low-mass active galaxies with high accretion rates. This is one of the only studies of a uniform sample of narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies with such high sensitivity and resolution. Although we detect only one source, the entire sample is very radio-quiet down to strong limits. GH10 was found to have a radio power of 8.5 x 10^21 W/Hz, and a ratio R = f(6 cm)/f(4400 A) of 2.8. The 3 sigma upper limits for the remaining nondetections correspond to radio powers from 3 x 10^20 to 8 x 10^21 W/Hz and 0.47 < R <9.9. Stacking all nondetections yields an even stronger upper limit of R < 0.27. An assessment of existing observations in the literature confirms our finding that NLS1s are consistently radio-quiet, with a radio-loud fraction of 0%-6%, which is significantly lower than the 10%-20% observed in the general quasar population. By analogy with stellar-mass black holes, we argue that AGNs undergo a state transition at L_bol/L_Edd~0.01. Below this value a radiatively inefficient accretion flow effectively drives an outflow, which disappears when the flow turns into an optically thick, geometrically thin disk, or a radiation pressure-dominated slim disk at still higher L_bol/L_Edd.
description: To appear in ApJ; 8 pages, 3 figures; uses emulateapj5.sty
Scuba half-degree extragalactic survey : data reduction by Iterative deconvolution
Creators: name: Lepage, Kyle Quentin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A generalization of an iterative algorithm used to reduce large data sets consisting of observations of the cosmic microwave background is presented. In particular, the algorithm is modified to reduce data sets obtained by arbitrary observations. The generalized algorithm is applied, in simulation, to a data set consisting of complicated observations taken during a Scuba HAlf Degree Extragalactic Survey (SHADES). The algorithm is found to be unstable. The generalized time-order algorithm is reformulated as a difference equation whose solution gives the Nth iteration reduced data map in analytical form. Within the analytical framework, the convergence properties of the algorithm are determined, a stable, known work-around explained, and the converged map shown to be optimal in the least-squares sense. The known work-around, a modification of the generalized iterative algorithm, trades stability for ideal behaviour at the edge of the reduced data map. Using simulations of a sky populated by a realistic source count model, it is shown that the deleterious effect of the modified algorithm towards the edge of the map is negligible as compared to the statistical noise for most of the half-degree square map. Simulations of the modified algorithm applied to data taken with the SHADES measurement strategy with Gaussian noise added, reveal the presence of streaking and large scale fluctuations in the converged map. The streaking which is demonstrated to be affected only by the measurement strategy, is indicative of a band-diagonal pixel-pixel covariance matrix, and is absent in noiseless simulations. The large scale fluctuations are indicative of non-negligible, far off-diagonal terms in the pixel-pixel covariance matrix, and are also absent in noiseless simulations. The effect of different observation strategies on the streaking is investigated by simulation. The presence of the amplified large scale noise is explained by linear systems theory. The determination of the optimal observation strategy is formulated as the task of determining the linear combination of absolute power measurements which will yield a desired pixel-pixel covariance matrix. This problem is discussed. An un-deconvolved map of real SHADES data is produced. Sources are detected in the un-deconvolved map using Bayesian techniques.
Enabling Counterfactual Survival Analysis with Balanced Representations
Creators: name: Chapfuwa, Paidamoyo
name: Assaad, Serge
name: Zeng, Shuxi
name: Pencina, Michael J.
name: Carin, Lawrence
name: Henao, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Balanced representation learning methods have been applied successfully to counterfactual inference from observational data. However, approaches that account for survival outcomes are relatively limited. Survival data are frequently encountered across diverse medical applications, i.e., drug development, risk profiling, and clinical trials, and such data are also relevant in fields like manufacturing (e.g., for equipment monitoring). When the outcome of interest is a time-to-event, special precautions for handling censored events need to be taken, as ignoring censored outcomes may lead to biased estimates. We propose a theoretically grounded unified framework for counterfactual inference applicable to survival outcomes. Further, we formulate a nonparametric hazard ratio metric for evaluating average and individualized treatment effects. Experimental results on real-world and semi-synthetic datasets, the latter of which we introduce, demonstrate that the proposed approach significantly outperforms competitive alternatives in both survival-outcome prediction and treatment-effect estimation.
description: Accepted at ACM Conference on Health, Inference, and Learning (ACM CHIL 2021). Code at https://github.com/paidamoyo/counterfactual_survival_analysis
Additional file 1 of Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) prevalence in field-collected ticks (Ixodes ricinus) and phylogenetic, structural and virulence analysis in a TBE high-risk endemic area in southwestern Germany
Creators: name: Ott, Daniela
name: Ulrich, Kristina
name: Ginsbach, Philip
name: Öhme, Rainer
name: Oswinde Bock-Hensley
name: Falk, Ulrich
name: Teinert, Martina
name: Lenhard, Thorsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Flagged ticks and distribution of tick stages and tick pools of the OWH region.
Bistability in a magnetic and nonmagnetic double-quantum-well structure mediated by the magnetic phase transition
Creators: name: Semenov, Y. G.
name: Enaya, H.
name: Kim, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hole distribution in a double quantum well (QW) structure consisting of a magnetic and a nonmagnetic semiconductor QW is investigated as a function of temperature, the energy shift between the QWs, and other relevant parameters. When the itinerant holes mediate the ferromagnetic ordering, it is shown that a bistable state can be formed through hole redistribution, resulting in a significant change in the properties of the constituting magnetic QW (i.e., the paramagnetic-ferromagnetic transition). The model calculation also indicates a large window in the system parameter space where the bistability is possible. Hence, this structure could form the basis of a stable memory element that may be scaled down to a few hole regime.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Bose Einstein Condensation in solid 4He
Creators: name: Galli, D. E.
name: Rossi, M.
name: Reatto, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have computed the one--body density matrix rho_1 in solid 4He at T=0 K using the Shadow Wave Function (SWF) variational technique. The accuracy of the SWF has been tested with an exact projector method. We find that off-diagonal long range order is present in rho_1 for a perfect hcp and bcc solid 4He for a range of densities above the melting one, at least up to 54 bars. This is the first microscopic indication that Bose Einstein Condensation (BEC) is present in perfect solid 4He. At melting the condensate fraction in the hcp solid is 5*10^{-6} and it decreases by increasing the density. The key process giving rise to BEC is the formation of vacancy--interstitial pairs. We also present values for Leggett's upper bound on the superfluid fraction deduced from the exact local density.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication as a Rapid Communication in Physical Review B
Towards simulating star formation in the interstellar medium
Creators: name: Slyz, A.
name: Devriendt, J.
name: Bryan, Greg
name: Silk, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a first step to a more complete understanding of the local physical processes which determine star formation rates (SFRs) in the interstellar medium (ISM), we have performed controlled numerical experiments consisting of hydrodynamical simulations of a kilo-parsec scale, periodic, highly supersonic and "turbulent" three-dimensional flow. Using simple but physically motivated recipes for identifying star forming regions, we convert gas into stars which we follow self-consistently as they impact their surroundings through supernovae and stellar winds. We investigate how various processes (turbulence, radiative cooling, self-gravity, and supernovae feedback) structure the ISM, determine its energetics, and consequently affect its SFR. We find that the one-point statistical measurement captured by the probability density function (PDF) is sensitive to the simulated physics. Aside from its effect on the density structure of the medium, including self-gravity and/or supernovae feedback changes the dynamics of the medium by halting the decay of the kinetic energy. Since we find that the SFR depends most strongly on the underlying velocity field, the SFR declines in the runs lacking a means to sustain the kinetic energy, and the subsequent high density constrasts. This strong dependence on the gas velocity dispersion is in agreement with Silk's formula for the SFR (Silk 2001) which also takes the hot gas porosity, and the average gas density as important parameters. Measuring the porosity of the hot gas for the runs with supernovae feedback, we compare Silk's model for the SFR to our measured SFR and find agreement to better than a factor two.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures, to appear in MNRAS, high res version available from http://www-astro.physics.ox.ac.uk/~slyz/ISMpaper
Do Limitations in Land Rights Transferability Influence Low Mobility Rates in Ethiopia?
Creators: name: De Brauw, Alan
name: Mueller, Valerie
name: De Brauw, Alan
name: Mueller, Valerie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: International Development
Labor and Human Capital
Land Economics/Use

description: Migration is considered a pathway out of poverty for many rural households in developing countries. National policies can discourage households from exploiting external employment opportunities through the distortion of capital markets. Studies in China show that the presence of state and collectively owned land creates inefficiencies in the labor market. We examine the extent restrictions on land rights impede mobility in Ethiopia, having the lowest urbanization rate in sub-Saharan Africa. The empirical estimates support a robust positive effect from increasing the transferability of land rights on migration. Our findings are suggestive that the nascent land certification and registration programs in regions of Ethiopia may potentially promote poverty reduction by increasing incentives to migrate.
Frequency of Debris Disks around Solar-Type Stars: First Results from a Spitzer/MIPS Survey
Creators: name: Bryden, G.
name: Beichman, C. A.
name: Trilling, D. E.
name: Rieke, G. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have searched for infrared excesses around a well defined sample of 69 FGK main-sequence field stars. These stars were selected without regard to their age, metallicity, or any previous detection of IR excess; they have a median age of ~4 Gyr. We have detected 70 um excesses around 7 stars at the 3-sigma confidence level. This extra emission is produced by cool material (< 100 K) located beyond 10 AU, well outside the ``habitable zones'' of these systems and consistent with the presence of Kuiper Belt analogs with ~100 times more emitting surface area than in our own planetary system. Only one star, HD 69830, shows excess emission at 24 um, corresponding to dust with temperatures > 300 K located inside of 1 AU. While debris disks with Ld/L* > 10^-3 are rare around old FGK stars, we find that the disk frequency increases from 2+-2% for Ld/L* > 10^-4 to 12+-5% for Ld/L* > 10^-5. This trend in the disk luminosity distribution is consistent with the estimated dust in our solar system being within an order of magnitude, greater or less, than the typical level around similar nearby stars.
description: 11 figures
Numerical evidence for many-body localization in two and three dimensions
Creators: name: Chertkov, Eli
name: Villalonga, Benjamin
name: Clark, Bryan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disorder and interactions can lead to the breakdown of statistical mechanics in certain quantum systems, a phenomenon known as many-body localization (MBL). Much of the phenomenology of MBL emerges from the existence of $\ell$-bits, a set of conserved quantities that are quasilocal and binary (i.e., possess only $\pm 1$ eigenvalues). While MBL and $\ell$-bits are known to exist in one-dimensional systems, their existence in dimensions greater than one is a key open question. To tackle this question, we develop an algorithm that can find approximate binary $\ell$-bits in arbitrary dimensions by adaptively generating a basis of operators in which to represent the $\ell$-bit. We use the algorithm to study four models: the one-, two-, and three-dimensional disordered Heisenberg models and the two-dimensional disordered hard-core Bose-Hubbard model. For all four of the models studied, our algorithm finds high-quality $\ell$-bits at large disorder strength and rapid qualitative changes in the distributions of $\ell$-bits in particular ranges of disorder strengths, suggesting the existence of MBL transitions. These transitions in the one-dimensional Heisenberg model and two-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model coincide well with past estimates of the critical disorder strengths in these models which further validates the evidence of MBL phenomenology in the other two and three-dimensional models we examine. In addition to finding MBL behavior in higher dimensions, our algorithm can be used to probe MBL in various geometries and dimensionality.
description: main paper: 7 pages, 4 figures; supplement: 29 pages, 24 figures; added figures to supplement and made minor changes to main paper
Learning Multiclass Classifier Under Noisy Bandit Feedback
Creators: name: Agarwal, Mudit
name: Manwani, Naresh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper addresses the problem of multiclass classification with corrupted or noisy bandit feedback. In this setting, the learner may not receive true feedback. Instead, it receives feedback that has been flipped with some non-zero probability. We propose a novel approach to deal with noisy bandit feedback based on the unbiased estimator technique. We further offer a method that can efficiently estimate the noise rates, thus providing an end-to-end framework. The proposed algorithm enjoys a mistake bound of the order of $O(\sqrt{T})$ in the high noise case and of the order of $O(T^{\nicefrac{2}{3}})$ in the worst case. We show our approach's effectiveness using extensive experiments on several benchmark datasets.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures 1 Table
The Dynamics of Food Stamp Program Participation: A Lagged Dependent Variable Approach
Creators: name: Atasoy, Sibel
name: Mills, Bradford F.
name: Parmeter, Christopher F.
name: Atasoy, Sibel
name: Mills, Bradford F.
name: Parmeter, Christopher F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Food Stamp Program
subject: State Dependence
subject: Dynamics
subject: Welfare Trap

description: This paper investigates the existence of Food Stamp Program (FSP) participation state dependence and its sources in by analyzing the dynamics of participation in the FSP using a lagged dependent variable approach. Results show that FSP receipt in the previous year is an important determinant of current FSP receipt. However, estimated persistence rates declined significantly after 1996, suggesting that long-term FSP dependency was reduced following broader welfare reform measures. The source of FSP state dependence among low-income households is mostly structural implying that a welfare trap does exist.
Structural Properties of Conditioned Random Walks on Integer Lattices with Random Local Constraints
Creators: name: Foss, Sergey
name: Sakhanenko, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F99, 60G50, 60K37

description: We consider a random walk on a multidimensional integer lattice with random bounds on local times, conditioned on the event that it hits a high level before its death. We introduce an auxiliary "core" process that has a regenerative structure and plays a key role in our analysis. We obtain a number of representations for the distribution of the random walk in terms of the similar distribution of the "core" process. Based on that, we prove a number of limiting results by letting the high level to tend to infinity. In particular, we generalise results for a simple symmetric one-dimensional random walk obtained earlier in the paper by Benjamini and Berestycki (2010).
description: 26 pages