cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supplementary document for Co-Multiplexing Spectral and Temporal Dimensions for Optical Data Storage - 6508575.pdf
Creators: name: Sheng, yuhang
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Xing, Fangjian
name: Liu, Cihui
name: Di, Yunsong
name: Yang, xifeng
name: wei, shibiao
name: Zhang, Xiaowei
name: Liu, Yushen
name: Gan, Zhixing
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Intrinsically disordered protein biosensor tracks the physical-chemical effects of osmotic stress on cells
Creators: name: Cuevas-Velazquez, Cesar L.
name: Vellosillo, Tamara
name: Guadalupe, Karina
name: Schmidt, Hermann Broder
name: Yu, Feng
name: Moses, David
name: Brophy, Jennifer A. N.
name: Cosio-Acosta, Dante
name: Das, Alakananda
name: Wang, Lingxin
name: Jones, Alexander M.
name: Covarrubias, Alejandra A.
name: Sukenik, Shahar
name: Dinneny, José R.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/1647/245/2225
/631/1647/527/2047
/631/57/2268
/631/57/2269
/631/80/2373
/9/10
/96/35
/96/33
/14/19
article

description: Funder: - Howard Hughes Medical Institute and the Simons Foundation (55108515). - Pew Latin American Fellowship. - UNAM-PAPIIT (IA209920). - MERCED cluster at UC Merced, funded by NSF (ACI-1429783). - XSEDE computational infrastructure framework (TG-MCB190103) - NSF (ACI-1548562). - NIH (R35GM137926) - NSF-CREST Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Machines at UC Merced (NSF-HRD-1547848).
description: Abstract: Cell homeostasis is perturbed when dramatic shifts in the external environment cause the physical-chemical properties inside the cell to change. Experimental approaches for dynamically monitoring these intracellular effects are currently lacking. Here, we leverage the environmental sensitivity and structural plasticity of intrinsically disordered protein regions (IDRs) to develop a FRET biosensor capable of monitoring rapid intracellular changes caused by osmotic stress. The biosensor, named SED1, utilizes the Arabidopsis intrinsically disordered AtLEA4-5 protein expressed in plants under water deficit. Computational modeling and in vitro studies reveal that SED1 is highly sensitive to macromolecular crowding. SED1 exhibits large and near-linear osmolarity-dependent changes in FRET inside living bacteria, yeast, plant, and human cells, demonstrating the broad utility of this tool for studying water-associated stress. This study demonstrates the remarkable ability of IDRs to sense the cellular environment across the tree of life and provides a blueprint for their use as environmentally-responsive molecular tools.
Paramorphochelus Lacroix 1997
Creators: name: Allsopp, Peter G.
name: Schoolmeesters, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Paramorphochelus

description: Paramorphochelus Lacroix, 1997b
[9 species].
Type species Paramorphochelus seorsus Lacroix, 1997, by original designation.
Pseudodontoplia: Lebis 1961. Unavailable name.
description: Published as part of Allsopp, Peter G. & Schoolmeesters, Paul, 2024, All genera of the world: Subfamilies Prototroginae, Cretoscarabaeinae, Dynamopodinae, Electrorubesopsinae, Phaenomeridinae, Orphninae, Allidiostomatinae, Aclopinae, Lichniinae, Melolonthinae, Oncerinae, Podolasiinae, Sericinae, Sericoidinae (Animalia: Arthropoda: Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), pp. 104-175 in Megataxa 12 (1) on page 116, DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.12.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/14984437
The Centaurus A Ultrahigh-Energy Cosmic Ray Excess and the Local Extragalactic Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Yuksel, Hasan
name: Stanev, Todor
name: Kistler, Matthew D.
name: Kronberg, Philipp P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray anisotropies discovered by the Pierre Auger Observatory give the potential to finally address both the particles' origins and properties of the nearby extragalactic magnetic field (EGMF). We examine the implications of the excess of ~ 10^20 eV events around the nearby radio galaxy Centaurus A. We find that, if Cen A is the source of these cosmic rays, the angular distribution of events constrains the EGMF strength within several Mpc of the Milky Way to > 20 nG for an assumed primary proton composition. Our conclusions suggest that either the observed excess is a statistical anomaly or the local EGMF is stronger then conventionally thought. We discuss the implications of this field, including UHECR scattering from more distant sources, time delays from transient sources, and the possibility of using magnetic lensing signatures to attain tighter constraints.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures; Matches published version in APJ
Youth-Inclusive Development: Challenges and Potential in Solomon Islands
Creators: name: Ride, Anouk
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT: Dept. of Pacific Affairs, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University
Year: 2019

description: Political discourse and parliament in Solomon Islands are dominated by older men, making it easy to forget that this cohort of influential people are, in fact, the minority of the population. With seven in 10 Solomon Islanders under age 34 (UNDP 2018:6), Solomon Islands’ youth population is particularly visible on the streets of Honiara, where large groups of youth can be seen in public spaces and at events. There are, however, few youths in positions of influence or formal decision-making structures in Solomon Islands. Youths are rarely seen in politics and government, and are less likely to be employed (Solomon Islands National Statistical Office 2014:75). This In Brief examines present exclusion of youths from decision-making and highlights where change is emerging and policy support could be most effective.
Why invent the handle? Electromyography (EMG) and efficiency of use data investigating the prehistoric origin and selection of hafted stone knives
Creators: name: Key, Alastair
name: Farr, Ian
name: Hunter, Robert
name: Mika, Anna
name: Eren, Metin I.
name: Winter, Samantha L.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Original Paper
Stone knife
Handle
Performance characteristics
Hafting
Palaeolithic invention
Ergonomics
Gripping

description: Abstract: For over 3 million years hominins held stone-cutting tools in the hand, gripping the portion of tool displaying a sharp cutting edge directly. During the late Middle Pleistocene human populations started to produce hafted composite knives, where the stone element displaying a sharp cutting edge was secured in a handle. Prevailing archaeological literature suggests that handles convey benefits to tool users by increasing cutting performance and reducing musculoskeletal stresses, yet to date these hypotheses remain largely untested. Here, we compare the cutting performance of hafted knives, ‘basic’ flake tools, and large bifacial tools during two standardized cutting tasks. Going further, we examine the comparative ergonomics of each tool type through electromyographic (EMG) analysis of nine upper limb muscles. Results suggest that knives (1) recruit muscles responsible for digit flexion (i.e. gripping) and in-hand manipulation relatively less than alternative stone tool types and (2) may convey functional performance benefits relative to unhafted stone tool alternatives when considered as a generalised cutting tool. Furthermore, our data indicate that knives facilitate greater muscle activity in the upper arm and forearm, potentially resulting in the application of greater cutting forces during tool use. Compared to unhafted prehistoric alternatives, hafted stone knives demonstrate increased ergonomic properties and some functional performance benefits. These factors would likely have contributed to the invention and widespread adoption of hafted stone knives during the late Middle Pleistocene.
The emergence of the Roman politically interventionist legion in 88 BC : an integrated theory
Creators: name: Pollock, Antony James
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soldiers Political activity Italy Nola
subject: Nola (Italy) History 88 B.C
subject: Rome History 88-107 B.C.
subject: Rome Army

description: The conventional explanation, ancient and modern, for the emergence for the first time of the politically interventionist legion in the Roman Republic's history outside the southern Italian city of Nola in 88 BC, rests primarily on the idea that soldiers intervened in politics because of pecuniary self-interest: that is, what they could materially gain from the arrangement. According to this perspective, a mercenary spirit had infected the late-republican citizen-militia which was subsequently exploited by insurrectionist generals such as L. Cornelius Sulla. This was largely possible because C. Marius in 107 BC abolished the traditional timocratic underpinnings of republican military service by allowing the previously-ineligible poor into the army, making pecuniary self-interest the dominant motivation for service in late-republican armies. In isolation and out of context, however, this is an unsatisfactory explanation for intervention. Soldiers had always expected to profit from war: this was a factor in 88 BC, but it was not the new, critical ingredient of late-republican military service that led to large-scale political intervention. Marius' 107 BC recruitment reform did not change the demographic makeup of the army, and the poor had always been represented in service in large numbers without this previously leading to insurrectionist or mercenary armies that were a danger to the state. Instead, Sulla's soldiers intervened for a range of other factors. A process of desensitisation to the risk of fighting fellow citizens, the citizen-militia's tradition of insubordination in political cause and as a forum for the redress of personal grievance, and the pernicious influence of contemporary endemic violence on Roman political discourse - along with the desire to profit from war - all played their part in persuading the army to support Sulla's sedition. In the background, too, was confusion among Sulla's soldiers over who legitimately represented the state. This confusion allowed Sulla to reinforce his credentials to legitimacy, reinforcing the soldiers' decision to help him. There was thus no single economic motive dominating the explanation for intervention. Rather, all these factors acted in unison, and on that day outside Nola in 88 BC, together they proved decisive. For the Republic, it meant that the emergence of the politically interventionist legion, and its subsequent persistent presence in late-republican political dynamics, was all but inevitable.
Numerical techniques for differential geometry : the development of GRworkbench for investigation of manifolds of arbitrary spacetimes
Creators: name: Lewis, Benjamin Richard
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geometry, Differential Data processing
subject: Numerical analysis Computer programs
subject: Manifolds (Mathematics)

description: A numerical tool for differential geometry is implemented as a package for an existing computer algebra system, and demonstrated by its application to the investigation of the Curzon space-time and the maximally-extended Schwarzschild solution. Improvements to this tool, named GRworkbench, have included modifying the design to more closely emulate the mathematical formalism, for example in the internal representation of vectors, tensors and coordinate fields. Impediments to the loading of new charts have been removed by the change in software architecture. Limitations on the order of obtainable dervitatives have been avoided by the use of functional and symbolic computation. Mathematica has been employed to replace a less practical previous scripting-interface, and to add further capabilities. Greater reliance on the capabilities of existing software has significantly reduced the maintenance burden, and improved portability. GRworkbench has been used to project simulations onto Penrose diagrams and other visualisations. By automatically ray-tracing null geodesics across chart boundaries, images of the sky have been produced from the perspective of an observer in the interior region of the maximally extended Schwarzschild model of a black-hole. In the Curzon space-time, accurate visualisations have been produced for diagrams which previous authors only sketched. This has revealed features of the Scott-Szekeres coordinates which had not previously been observed.
The dynamics of quasi-isometric foliations
Creators: name: Hammerlindl, Andy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: If the stable, center, and unstable foliations of a partially hyperbolic system are quasi-isometric, the system has Global Product Structure. This result also applies to Anosov systems and to other invariant splittings. If a partially hyperbolic system on a manifold with abelian fundamental group has quasi-isometric stable and unstable foliations, the center foliation is without holonomy. If, further, the system has Global Product Structure, then all center leaves are homeomorphic.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
Optically controlled phase gate for two spin qubits in coupled quantum dots
Creators: name: Chen, Li-Bo
name: Sham, L. J.
name: Waks, Edo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a feasible scheme for performing an optically controlled phase gate between two conduction electron spin qubits in adjacent self assembled quantum dots. Interaction between the dots is mediated by the tunneling of the valence hole state which is activated only by applying a laser pulse of the right polarization and frequency. Combining the hole tunneling with the Pauli blocking effect, we obtain conditional dynamics for the two quantum dots, which is the essence of our gating operations. Our results are of explicit relevance to the recent generation of vertically stacked self-assembled InAs quantum dots, and show that by a design which avoids unintended dynamics the gate could be implemented in theory in the 10 ps range and with a fidelity over 90%. Our proposal therefore offers an accessible path to the demonstration of ultrafast quantum logic in quantum dots.
The TeV Dawn of SUSY Models - Consequences for Flavour and CP
Creators: name: Jaeckel, Joerg
name: Khoze, Valentin V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct searches and the hints for the Higgs at ~125 GeV put increasing pressure on simple models of SUSY breaking, in particular (but not exclusively) on those that automatically solve the flavour problem, such as gauge mediation. SUSY-breaking parameters are pushed to higher and higher values, increasing the fine-tuning required to achieve electroweak symmetry breaking at the observed scale. In this note we consider the situation for models which do not attempt to solve the flavour problem. To treat them on equal footing, we consider the combined fine-tuning arising from electroweak symmetry breaking as well as from fulfilling flavour constraints. We also consider CP. We find that for an anarchic flavour (and CP) structure of the soft SUSY breaking terms, the minimum in the fine-tuning occurs at a scale of a few TeV. This is consistent with the current experimental situation and leads to motivating conclusions for direct searches as well as future flavour and CP measurements.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures v2 updated version
Pareriesthis Moser 1918
Creators: name: Allsopp, Peter G.
name: Schoolmeesters, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Pareriesthis

description: Pareriesthis Moser, 1918d
[5 species].
Type species Pareriesthis bicornuta Moser, 1918, by monotypy.
description: Published as part of Allsopp, Peter G. & Schoolmeesters, Paul, 2024, All genera of the world: Subfamilies Prototroginae, Cretoscarabaeinae, Dynamopodinae, Electrorubesopsinae, Phaenomeridinae, Orphninae, Allidiostomatinae, Aclopinae, Lichniinae, Melolonthinae, Oncerinae, Podolasiinae, Sericinae, Sericoidinae (Animalia: Arthropoda: Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), pp. 104-175 in Megataxa 12 (1) on page 116, DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.12.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/14984437
Pleistocene Water Crossings and Adaptive Flexibility Within the Homo Genus
Creators: name: Gaffney, Dylan
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
Pleistocene seafaring
Island colonization
Maritime technology
Migration
Hominin behavior
Adaptive flexibility

description: Abstract: Pleistocene water crossings, long thought to be an innovation of Homo sapiens, may extend beyond our species to encompass Middle and Early Pleistocene Homo. However, it remains unclear how water crossings differed among hominin populations, the extent to which Homo sapiens are uniquely flexible in these adaptive behaviors, and how the tempo and scale of water crossings played out in different regions. I apply the adaptive flexibility hypothesis, derived from cognitive ecology, to model the global data and address these questions. Water-crossing behaviors appear to have emerged among different regional hominin populations in similar ecologies, initially representing nonstrategic range expansion. However, an increasing readiness to form connections with novel environments allowed some H. sapiens populations to eventually push water crossings to new extremes, moving out of sight of land, making return crossings to maintain social ties and build viable founder populations, and dramatically shifting subsistence and lithic provisioning strategies to meet the challenges of variable ecological settings.
Some clarifications about Lemaître-Tolman models of the Universe used to deal with the dark energy problem
Creators: name: Célérier, Marie-Noëlle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the past fifteen years, inhomogeneous cosmological models have been put forward to explain the observed dimming of the SNIa luminosity without resorting to dark energy. The simplest models are the spherically symmetric Lemaître-Tolman (LT) solutions with a central observer. Their use must be considered as a mere first step towards more sophisticated models. Spherical symmetry is but a mathematical simplification and one must consider spherical symmetric models as exhibiting an energy density smoothed out over angles around us. However, they have been taken at face value by some authors who tried to use them for either irrelevant purposes or to put them to the test as if they were robust models of our Universe. We wish to clarify how these models must be used in cosmology. We first use the results obtained by Iguchi and collaborators to derive the density profiles of the pure growing and decaying mode LT models. We then discuss the relevance of the different test proposals in the light of the interpretation given above. We show that decaying-mode (parabolic) LT models always exhibit an overdensity near their centre and growing-mode (elliptic or hyperbolic) LT models, a void. This is at variance with some statements in the literature. We dismiss all previous proposals merely designed to test the spherical symmetry of the LT models, and we agree that the value of $H_0$ and the measurement of the redshift drift are valid tests of the models. However, we suspect that this last test, which is the best in principle, will be more complicated to implement than usually claimed.
description: 18 pages, no figure, section 3 modified, results of section 3.2 changed, sections 4.3 and 4.4 added, other minor changes and references added
Unification of different views of decoherence and discord
Creators: name: Coles, Patrick J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Macroscopic behavior such as the lack of interference patterns has been attributed to "decoherence", a word with several possible definitions such as (1) the loss of off-diagonal density matrix elements, (2) the flow of information to the environment, (3) the loss of complementary information, and (4) the loss of the ability to create entanglement in a measurement. In this article, we attempt to unify these distinct definitions by providing general quantitative connections between them, valid for all finite-dimensional quantum systems or quantum processes. The most important application of our results is to the understanding of quantum discord, a measure of the non-classicality of the correlations between quantum systems. We show that some popular measures of discord measure the information missing from the purifying system and hence quantify security, which can be stated operationally in terms of distillable secure bits. The results also give some strategies for constructing discord measures.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures. Final version, to appear in Phys. Rev. A. Notation has been improved to make the paper more readable
Selection Functions in Astronomical Data Modeling, with the Space Density of White Dwarfs as a Worked Example
Creators: name: Rix, Hans-Walter
name: Hogg, David W.
name: Boubert, Douglas
name: Brown, Anthony G. A.
name: Casey, Andrew
name: Drimmel, Ronald
name: Everall, Andrew
name: Fouesneau, Morgan
name: Price-Whelan, Adrian M.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: 340
Stars and Stellar Physics

description: Abstract: Statistical studies of cataloged object properties are central to astrophysics. But one cannot model those objects’ population properties without the sample’s selection function, the quantitative understanding of which objects could have ended up in such a catalog. As didactic introductions to this topic are scarce in the astrophysical literature, we provide one here, addressing the following questions: What is a selection function? On what arguments q should it depend? Over what domain must a selection function be defined? What simplifying approximations can be made? And, how is a selection function used in “modeling”? We argue that volume-complete samples, limited by the faintest objects, reflect a highly suboptimal selection function, needlessly reducing the number of bright and usually rare sample members. We illustrate these points by a worked example: github.com/gaia-unlimited/WD-selection-function, deriving the space density of white dwarfs (WDs) in the Galactic neighborhood as a function of their luminosity and color, Φ0(M G , (B − R)) in [mag−2 pc−3]. We construct a sample  of 105 presumed WDs through straightforward selection cuts on the Gaia EDR3 catalog in magnitude, color, and parallax, q = (G, (B − R), ϖ). We then combine a simple model for Φ0 with this selection function’s S(q) effective survey volume to estimate Φ0(M G , (B − R)) precisely and robustly against the detailed choices for S(q) . This resulting WD luminosity–color function Φ0(M G , (B − R)) differs dramatically from the initial number density distribution in the luminosity−color plane: by orders of magnitude in density and by four magnitudes in density peak location.
Holographic Mean-Field Theory for Baryon Many-Body Systems
Creators: name: Harada, Masayasu
name: Nakamura, Shin
name: Takemoto, Shinpei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a mean-field approach to analyze many-body systems of fermions in the gauge/gravity duality. We introduce a non-vanishing classical fermionic field in the gravity dual, which we call the holographic mean field for fermions. The holographic mean field takes account of the many-body dynamics of the fermions in the bulk. The regularity condition of the holographic mean field fixes the relationship between the chemical potential and the density unambiguously. Our approach provides a new framework of gauge/gravity duality for finite-density systems of baryons in the confinement phase.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, v3 published version
Paroplia Fairmaire 1903
Creators: name: Allsopp, Peter G.
name: Schoolmeesters, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Paroplia

description: Paroplia Fairmaire, 1903c
[1 species].
Type species Paroplia semivestita Fairmaire, 1903, by monotypy.
description: Published as part of Allsopp, Peter G. & Schoolmeesters, Paul, 2024, All genera of the world: Subfamilies Prototroginae, Cretoscarabaeinae, Dynamopodinae, Electrorubesopsinae, Phaenomeridinae, Orphninae, Allidiostomatinae, Aclopinae, Lichniinae, Melolonthinae, Oncerinae, Podolasiinae, Sericinae, Sericoidinae (Animalia: Arthropoda: Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), pp. 104-175 in Megataxa 12 (1) on page 116, DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.12.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/14984437
The Critical Richardson Number and Limits of Applicability of Local Similarity Theory in the Stable Boundary Layer
Creators: name: Grachev, Andrey A.
name: Andreas, Edgar L
name: Fairall, Christopher W.
name: Guest, Peter S.
name: Persson, P. Ola G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of atmospheric turbulence made over the Arctic pack ice during the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean experiment (SHEBA) are used to determine the limits of applicability of Monin-Obukhov similarity theory (in the local scaling formulation) in the stable atmospheric boundary layer. Based on the spectral analysis of wind velocity and air temperature fluctuations, it is shown that, when both of the gradient Richardson number, Ri, and the flux Richardson number, Rf, exceed a 'critical value' of about 0.20 - 0.25, the inertial subrange associated with the Richardson-Kolmogorov cascade dies out and vertical turbulent fluxes become small. Some small-scale turbulence survives even in this supercritical regime, but this is non-Kolmogorov turbulence, and it decays rapidly with further increasing stability. Similarity theory is based on the turbulent fluxes in the high-frequency part of the spectra that are associated with energy-containing/flux-carrying eddies. Spectral densities in this high-frequency band diminish as the Richardson-Kolmogorov energy cascade weakens; therefore, the applicability of local Monin-Obukhov similarity theory in stable conditions is limited by the inequalities Ri < Ri_cr and Rf < Rf_cr. However, it is found that Rf_cr = 0.20 - 0.25 is a primary threshold for applicability. Applying this prerequisite shows that the data follow classical Monin-Obukhov local z-less predictions after the irrelevant cases (turbulence without the Richardson-Kolmogorov cascade) have been filtered out.
description: Boundary-Layer Meteorology (Manuscript submitted: 16 February 2012; Accepted: 10 September 2012)
Microplastics and anthropogenic fibre concentrations in lakes reflect surrounding land use
Creators: name: Tanentzap, Andrew J.
name: Cottingham, Samuel
name: Fonvielle, Jérémy
name: Riley, Isobel
name: Walker, Lucy M.
name: Woodman, Samuel G.
name: Kontou, Danai
name: Pichler, Christian M.
name: Reisner, Erwin
name: Lebreton, Laurent
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Short Reports
subject: Earth sciences
subject: Ecology and environmental sciences
subject: Social sciences
subject: FOS: Social sciences
subject: People and places

description: Pollution from microplastics and anthropogenic fibres threatens lakes, but we know little about what factors predict its accumulation. Lakes may be especially contaminated because of long water retention times and proximity to pollution sources. Here, we surveyed anthropogenic microparticles, i.e., microplastics and anthropogenic fibres, in surface waters of 67 European lakes spanning 30° of latitude and large environmental gradients. By collating data from >2,100 published net tows, we found that microparticle concentrations in our field survey were higher than previously reported in lakes and comparable to rivers and oceans. We then related microparticle concentrations in our field survey to surrounding land use, water chemistry, and plastic emissions to sites estimated from local hydrology, population density, and waste production. Microparticle concentrations in European lakes quadrupled as both estimated mismanaged waste inputs and wastewater treatment loads increased in catchments. Concentrations decreased by 2 and 5 times over the range of surrounding forest cover and potential in-lake biodegradation, respectively. As anthropogenic debris continues to pollute the environment, our data will help contextualise future work, and our models can inform control and remediation efforts.
Drying characteristics and quality attributes of thunbergia laurifolia leaves using microwave drying
Creators: name: Singhanat Phoungchandang
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2018
Subjects: Bioactive compound, drying model, microwave drying, scanning electron microscope, Thunbergia laurifolia

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 23, 1, 1-12
Limitations of the heavy-baryon expansion as revealed by a pion-mass dispersion relation
Creators: name: Hall, J. M. M.
name: Pascalutsa, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chiral expansion of nucleon properties such as mass, magnetic moment, and magnetic polarizability are investigated in the framework of chiral perturbation theory, with and without the heavy-baryon expansion. The analysis makes use of a pion-mass dispersion relation, which is shown to hold in both frameworks. The dispersion relation allows an ultraviolet cutoff to be implemented without compromising the symmetries. After renormalization, the leading-order heavy-baryon loops demonstrate a stronger dependence on the cutoff scale, which results in weakened convergence of the expansion. This conclusion is tested against the recent results of lattice quantum chromodynamics simulations for nucleon mass and isovector magnetic moment. In the case of the polarizability, the situation is even more dramatic as the heavy-baryon expansion is unable to reproduce large soft contributions to this quantity. Clearly, the heavy-baryon expansion is not suitable for every quantity.
description: Accepted for publication in EPJ C. Made changes based on referee comments: clarifying sentences to conclusion 1. of Section IV, beginning of Section V, and new footnote in Section VI, page 8. Added more detailed explanation in paragraph 4 of Section III. Added citations of Phys.Rev. D60, 034014, and Phys.Lett. B716, 338
Discrete signal processing techniques for power converters : multi-carrier modulation and efficient filtering techniques
Creators: name: Forbes, Jason
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Digital control has become ubiquitous in the field of power electronics due to the ease of implementation, reusability, and flexibility. Practical engineers have been hesitant to use digital control rather than the more traditional analog control methods due to the unfamiliar theory, relatively complicated implementation and various challenges associated with digital quantization. This thesis presents discrete signal processing theory to solve issues in digitally controlled power converters including reference generation and filtering. First, this thesis presents advancements made in the field of digital control of dc-ac and ac-dc power converters. First, a multi-carrier PWM strategy is proposed for the accurate and computationally inexpensive generation of sinusoidal signals. This method aims to reduce the cost of implementing a sine-wave generator by reducing both memory and computational requirements. The technique, backed by theoretical and experimental evidence, is simple to implement, and does not rely on any specialized hardware. The method was simulated and experimentally implemented in a voltage-controlled PWM inverter and can be extended to any application involving the digital generation of periodic signals. The second advancement described in this thesis is the use of simple digital filters to improve the response time of single-phase active rectifiers. Under traditional analog control strategies, the bandwidth of an active rectifier is unduly restricted in order to reduce any unwanted harmonic distortion. This work investigates digital filters as a proposed means to improve the bandwidth, and thereby create a faster, more efficient ac-dc power converter. Finally, a moving average filter is proposed, due to its simple implementation and minor computational burden, as an efficient means to expand the bandwidth. Since moving average filters are well known and widely understood in industry, this proposed filter is an attractive solution for practicing engineers. The theory developed in this thesis is verified through simulations and experiments.
Patterns of within-host genetic diversity in SARS-CoV-2.
Creators: name: Tonkin-Hill, Gerry
name: Martincorena, Inigo
name: Amato, Roberto
name: Lawson, Andrew Rj
name: Gerstung, Moritz
name: Johnston, Ian
name: Jackson, David K
name: Park, Naomi
name: Lensing, Stefanie V
name: Quail, Michael A
name: Gonçalves, Sónia
name: Ariani, Cristina
name: Spencer Chapman, Michael
name: Hamilton, William L
name: Meredith, Luke W
name: Hall, Grant
name: Jahun, Aminu S
name: Chaudhry, Yasmin
name: Hosmillo, Myra
name: Pinckert, Malte L
name: Georgana, Iliana
name: Yakovleva, Anna
name: Caller, Laura G
name: Caddy, Sarah L
name: Feltwell, Theresa
name: Khokhar, Fahad A
name: Houldcroft, Charlotte J
name: Curran, Martin D
name: Parmar, Surendra
name: Alderton, Alex
name: Nelson, Rachel
name: Harrison, Ewan M
name: Sillitoe, John
name: Bentley, Stephen D
name: Barrett, Jeffrey C
name: Torok, M Estee
name: Goodfellow, Ian G
name: Langford, Cordelia
name: Kwiatkowski, Dominic
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Transmission
subject: Genomics
subject: epidemiology
subject: Global Health
subject: Within-host
subject: Sars-cov-2
subject: Mutational Spectrum
subject: Humans
subject: Phylogeny
subject: Base Sequence
subject: Mutation
subject: Genome, Viral
subject: Host-Pathogen Interactions
subject: Genetic Variation
subject: Pandemics
subject: COVID-19
subject: SARS-CoV-2

description: Monitoring the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and reconstructing transmission chains has become a major public health focus for many governments around the world. The modest mutation rate and rapid transmission of SARS-CoV-2 prevents the reconstruction of transmission chains from consensus genome sequences, but within-host genetic diversity could theoretically help identify close contacts. Here we describe the patterns of within-host diversity in 1181 SARS-CoV-2 samples sequenced to high depth in duplicate. 95.1% of samples show within-host mutations at detectable allele frequencies. Analyses of the mutational spectra revealed strong strand asymmetries suggestive of damage or RNA editing of the plus strand, rather than replication errors, dominating the accumulation of mutations during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Within- and between-host diversity show strong purifying selection, particularly against nonsense mutations. Recurrent within-host mutations, many of which coincide with known phylogenetic homoplasies, display a spectrum and patterns of purifying selection more suggestive of mutational hotspots than recombination or convergent evolution. While allele frequencies suggest that most samples result from infection by a single lineage, we identify multiple putative examples of co-infection. Integrating these results into an epidemiological inference framework, we find that while sharing of within-host variants between samples could help the reconstruction of transmission chains, mutational hotspots and rare cases of superinfection can confound these analyses.
The sizes, masses and specific star-formation rates of massive galaxies at 1.3
Creators: name: McLure, R. J.
name: Pearce, H. J.
name: Dunlop, J. S.
name: Cirasuolo, M.
name: Curtis-Lake, E.
name: Bruce, V. A.
name: Caputi, K.
name: Almaini, O.
name: Bonfield, D. G.
name: Bradshaw, E. J.
name: Buitrago, F.
name: Chuter, R.
name: Foucaud, S.
name: Hartley, W. G.
name: Jarvis, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of a comprehensive study of the relationship between galaxy size, stellar mass and specific star-formation rate (sSFR) at redshifts 1.3= 6x10^10 Msun), spectroscopic sample from the UKIDSS Ultra-deep Survey (UDS), with accurate stellar-mass measurements derived from spectro photometric fitting, we find that at z~1.4 the location of massive galaxies on the size-mass plane is determined primarily by their sSFR. At this epoch we find that massive galaxies which are passive (sSFR <= 0.1 Gyr^-1) follow a tight size-mass relation, with half-light radii a factor f=2.4+/-0.2 smaller than their local counterparts. Moreover, amongst the passive sub-sample we find no evidence that the off-set from the local size-mass relation is a function of stellar population age. Based on a sub-sample with dynamical mass estimates we also derive an independent estimate of f=2.3+/-0.3 for the typical growth in half-light radius between z~1.4 and the present day. Focusing on the passive sub-sample, we conclude that to produce the necessary evolution predominantly via major mergers would require an unfeasible number of merger events and over populate the high-mass end of the local stellar mass function. In contrast, we find that a scenario in which mass accretion is dominated by minor mergers can produce the necessary evolution, whereby an increase in stellar mass by a factor of ~2, accompanied by an increase in size by a factor of ~3.5, is sufficient to reconcile the size-mass relation at z~1.4 with that observed locally. Finally, we note that a significant fraction (44+/-12%) of the passive galaxies in our sample have a disk-like morphology, providing additional evidence that separate physical processes are responsible for the quenching of star-formation and the morphological transformation of massive galaxies (abridged).
description: 21 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. Replaced to match accepted version
Perabula Allsopp & Schoolmeesters 2024
Creators: name: Allsopp, Peter G.
name: Schoolmeesters, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Perabula

description: Perabula Allsopp & Schoolmeesters, 2024a
[2 species].
Replacement name for Rabula Péringuey, 1902, not Rabula Jordan & Davis, 1891.
description: Published as part of Allsopp, Peter G. & Schoolmeesters, Paul, 2024, All genera of the world: Subfamilies Prototroginae, Cretoscarabaeinae, Dynamopodinae, Electrorubesopsinae, Phaenomeridinae, Orphninae, Allidiostomatinae, Aclopinae, Lichniinae, Melolonthinae, Oncerinae, Podolasiinae, Sericinae, Sericoidinae (Animalia: Arthropoda: Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), pp. 104-175 in Megataxa 12 (1) on page 116, DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.12.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/14984437
Conversion of Polyethylene Waste into Gaseous Hydrocarbons via Integrated Tandem Chemical-Photo/Electrocatalytic Processes.
Creators: name: Pichler, Christian M
name: Bhattacharjee, Subhajit
name: Rahaman, Motiar
name: Uekert, Taylor
name: Reisner, Erwin
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: The chemical inertness of polyethylene makes chemical recycling challenging and motivates the development of new catalytic innovations to mitigate polymer waste. Current chemical recycling methods yield a complex mixture of liquid products, which is challenging to utilize in subsequent processes. Here, we present an oxidative depolymerization step utilizing diluted nitric acid to convert polyethylene into organic acids (40% organic acid yield), which can be coupled to a photo- or electrocatalytic decarboxylation reaction to produce hydrocarbons (individual hydrocarbon yields of 3 and 20%, respectively) with H2 and CO2 as gaseous byproducts. The integrated tandem process allows for the direct conversion of polyethylene into gaseous hydrocarbon products with an overall hydrocarbon yield of 1.0% for the oxidative/photocatalytic route and 7.6% for the oxidative/electrolytic route. The product selectivity is tunable with photocatalysis using TiO2 or carbon nitride, yielding alkanes (ethane and propane), whereas electrocatalysis on carbon electrodes produces alkenes (ethylene and propylene). This two-step recycling process of plastics can use sunlight or renewable electricity to convert polyethylene into valuable, easily separable, gaseous platform chemicals.
Rabula Peringuey 1902
Creators: name: Allsopp, Peter G.
name: Schoolmeesters, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Rabula

description: Rabula Péringuey, 1902.
Type species Rabula morosa Péringuey, 1902, by subsequent designation of Allsopp & Schoolmeesters (2024a).
description: Published as part of Allsopp, Peter G. & Schoolmeesters, Paul, 2024, All genera of the world: Subfamilies Prototroginae, Cretoscarabaeinae, Dynamopodinae, Electrorubesopsinae, Phaenomeridinae, Orphninae, Allidiostomatinae, Aclopinae, Lichniinae, Melolonthinae, Oncerinae, Podolasiinae, Sericinae, Sericoidinae (Animalia: Arthropoda: Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), pp. 104-175 in Megataxa 12 (1) on page 116, DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.12.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/14984437
A Study of Chemical Use Behaviors and Marketing Mix Factor Influencing the Purchasing Decision on Chemical Pesticide of Farmer Households in the Western Region of Thailand
Creators: name: Sonthaya Sampaothong
Publisher: name: Faculty of Agriculture
Year: 2019
Subjects: Chemical use behaviors, Marketing mix factor, Purchasing decision, Chemical pesticide, Paddy field

description: Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 47, 2, 307-316
Reentrant behaviour in Landau Fermi liquids with spin-split Pomeranchuk instabilities
Creators: name: Ponte, P. Rodriguez
name: Cabra, D. C.
name: Grandi, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of spin-antisymmetric interactions on the stability of a Landau-Fermi liquid on the square lattice, using the generalized Pomeranchuk method for two-dimensional lattice systems. In particular, we analyze interactions that could induce instabilities of the so called spin-split type, that is when spin-up and spin-down Fermi surfaces are displaced with respect to each other. The phase space is studied as a function of the strength of the interaction $V$, the electron chemical potential $μ$ and an external magnetic field $h$. We find that such interactions produce in general an enhancement of the instability region of the Landau-Fermi liquid. More interestingly, in certain regions of the $V$-$μ$ phase space, we find a reentrant behaviour as a function of the magnetic field $h$, similar to that found in recent experiments, e.g. in URu$_2$Si$_2$ and Sr$_3$Ru$_2$O$_7$.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Peritrichia Burmeister 1844
Creators: name: Allsopp, Peter G.
name: Schoolmeesters, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Peritrichia

description: Peritrichia Burmeister, 1844
[55 species and 6 additional subspecies].
Type species Melolontha capicola Fabricius, 1801, by subsequent designation of Schein (1959).
description: Published as part of Allsopp, Peter G. & Schoolmeesters, Paul, 2024, All genera of the world: Subfamilies Prototroginae, Cretoscarabaeinae, Dynamopodinae, Electrorubesopsinae, Phaenomeridinae, Orphninae, Allidiostomatinae, Aclopinae, Lichniinae, Melolonthinae, Oncerinae, Podolasiinae, Sericinae, Sericoidinae (Animalia: Arthropoda: Insecta: Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), pp. 104-175 in Megataxa 12 (1) on page 117, DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.12.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/14984437
Ancient DNA reveals multiple origins and migration waves of extinct Japanese brown bear lineages.
Creators: name: Segawa, Takahiro
name: Yonezawa, Takahiro
name: Mori, Hiroshi
name: Akiyoshi, Ayumi
name: Allentoft, Morten E
name: Kohno, Ayako
name: Tokanai, Fuyuki
name: Willerslev, Eske
name: Kohno, Naoki
name: Nishihara, Hidenori
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ancient DNA
Mitochondrial genomes
Brown Bear
Pleistocene Megafauna

description: Little is known about how mammalian biogeography on islands was affected by sea-level fluctuations. In the Japanese Archipelago, brown bears (Ursus arctos) currently inhabit only Hokkaido, the northern island, but Pleistocene fossils indicate a past distribution throughout Honshu, Japan's largest island. However, the difficulty of recovering ancient DNA from fossils in temperate East Asia has limited our understanding of their evolutionary history. Here, we analysed mitochondrial DNA from a 32 500-year-old brown bear fossil from Honshu. Our results show that this individual belonged to a previously unknown lineage that split approximately 160 Ka from its sister lineage, the southern Hokkaido clade. This divergence time and fossil record suggest that brown bears migrated from the Eurasian continent to Honshu at least twice; the first population was an early-diverging lineage (greater than 340 Ka), and the second migrated via Hokkaido after approximately 160 Ka, during the ice age. Thus, glacial-age sea-level falls might have facilitated migrations of large mammals more frequently than previously thought, which may have had a substantial impact on ecosystem dynamics in these isolated islands.
Agronomic Effectiveness and Economical Worthiness of Controlled Release  Nano Material Coated Chemical Fertilizers in Sugar Cane
Creators: name: Tawicharodom, Nava
name: Piya Duangpatra
name: Piti Kantungkul
name: Jutamas Romkaew
Publisher: name: Faculty of Agriculture
Year: 2019
Subjects: agronomic effectiveness, economical worthiness, controlled release nano chemical

description: Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 47, 2, 259-270