cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lipoprotein(a): A Genetically Determined, Causal, and Prevalent Risk Factor for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Creators: name: Soffer, Gissette
name: Ginsberg, Henry N.
name: Berglund, Lars
name: Duell, P. Barton
name: Heffron, Sean P.
name: Kamstrup, Pia R.
name: Lloyd-Jones, Donald M.
name: Marcovina, Santica M.
name: Yeang, Calvin
name: Koschinsky, Marlys L.
name: American Heart Association Council On Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis
name: Council On Cardiovascular Radiology And Intervention
name: Council On Peripheral Vascular Disease
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Lipoproteins
Atherosclerosis
Cardiovascular system
Cardiovascular system--Diseases--Risk factors

description: High levels of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)], an apoB100-containing lipoprotein, are an independent and causal risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases through mechanisms associated with increased atherogenesis, inflammation, and thrombosis. Lp(a) is predominantly a monogenic cardiovascular risk determinant, with ≈70% to ≥90% of interindividual heterogeneity in levels being genetically determined. The 2 major protein components of Lp(a) particles are apoB100 and apolipoprotein(a). Lp(a) remains a risk factor for cardiovascular disease development even in the setting of effective reduction of plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apoB100. Despite its demonstrated contribution to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease burden, we presently lack standardization and harmonization of assays, universal guidelines for diagnosing and providing risk assessment, and targeted treatments to lower Lp(a). There is a clinical need to understand the genetic and biological basis for variation in Lp(a) levels and its relationship to disease in different ancestry groups. This scientific statement capitalizes on the expertise of a diverse basic science and clinical workgroup to highlight the history, biology, pathophysiology, and emerging clinical evidence in the Lp(a) field. Herein, we address key knowledge gaps and future directions required to mitigate the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk attributable to elevated Lp(a) levels.
Moments of Identity: The Dynamics of Artist, Persona, and Audience in Electronic Music
Creators: name: Formilan, Giovanni
name: Stark, David C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Electronic music
subject: Identity (Psychology)
subject: Musicians
subject: Audiences
subject: Music--Performance
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: In our account of artistic identities among electronic music artists, we point to the notion of persona as a key element in a triadic framework for studying the dynamics of identity. Building on pragmatist theory, we further draw on Pizzorno’s concept of mask and Luhmann’s notion of second-order observation to highlight the dual properties of persona: whether like a mask that is put on or like a probe that is put out, persona is a part that stands apart. Persona is an object that alter can recognize and by which ego can be recognized; but what is recognized defies the person’s complete control. We thus conceptualize identity as a multi-sided relationship that involves person, persona, and others. Building on our ethnographic research among electronic music artists in Berlin and New York, we characterize this relationship in terms of attachment between artist and persona, between artist and audience, and between persona and audience. These attachments are variable and independent from one another. The resulting model is an analytic tool to examine identity as the ongoing outcome of the three-way dynamics of such shifting attachments. We are attentive to persona because the creation and curation of online profiles have become a pervasive element in many people’s daily interactions in both social and work situations.
Injection locking at zero field in two free layer spin-valves
Creators: name: Carpentieri, Mario
name: Moriyama, Takahiro
name: Azzerboni, Bruno
name: Finocchio, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper predicts the possibility to achieve synchronization (via injection locking to a microwave current) of spin-transfer torque oscillators based on hybrid spin-valves composed by two free layers and two perpendicular polarizers at zero bias field. The locking regions are attained for microwave frequency near 0.5f0, f0, and 2f0 where f0 is the input oscillator frequency. Those properties make this system promising for applications, such as high-speed frequency dividers and multipliers, and phase-locked-loop demodulators.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Concurrent System Design Using Flow
Creators: name: Hu, Cheng
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 2007
Subjects: formal verification
Computer Science
formal modeling
Concurrent system

description: We define a formal model for concurrent systems named Flow. The goal of this formal model is to be both practical in allowing users to build the types of concurrent systems they want to build in real life and practical in allowing users to quickly prove correctness properties about the systems they build.

We define the model formally as the asynchronous product of extended state automata. Extended state automata and their asynchronous products are used to define other modeling languages as well, such as the state space exploration verification tool SPIN. Thus an offshoot of our formal definition is that we see it would not be difficult to use automated verification tools to verify Flow model properties.

Using the formal definition, we show a set of theorems that users will be able to reuse to prove correctness properties about Flow models. One category of theorems deals with showing and constructing Flow models for which all executions are guaranteed to be finite. Another category of theorems deals with showing or constructing Flow models for which all executions from a start state are guaranteed to have the same end state. This is useful because it allows users to know how all concurrent executions from a start state terminate by looking at just one execution. Another category of theorems deals with dividing complex Flow models into smaller sub-models, and showing the properties of the full model by showing the properties of the sub-models, allowing for a divide and conquer strategy to be used with Flow model proofs. The last category deals with using Hoare triples to prove properties about all executions from a set of possible start states as characterized by some pre-condition by proving properties about a set of representative executions from those start states. In the best case, we can use a combination of these techniques to show that all executions of a Flow model with start states that satisfy some pre-condition have end states that satisfy some post-condition by considering just one feasible execution of the model.
Electrochemistry of Polymer-Metal Complexes
Creators: name: Neilson, Paul Vincent
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1980
Subjects: Chemistry

description: Polymeric ligands, Polyethylenimine (PEI) and Chitosan, were studied for possible applications in the modification of electrode surfaces in relation to the three main goals:

1. metal ion scavenging
2. to find a system which catalyzes O2 reduction
3. understanding of electron transfer in polymer-metal films.
Racial Attention Deficit
Creators: name: Levine, Sheen
name: Reypens, Charlotte
name: Stark, David C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Race relations
subject: Equality
subject: Whites--Attitudes
subject: Organizational behavior
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Despite concerted efforts towards equity in organizations and elsewhere, minority members report that they are often ignored and their contributions undervalued. Against this backdrop, we conduct a multi-year experimental study to investigate patterns of attention, using a large, gender-balanced sample of White working-age Americans. The findings provide causal evidence of a racial attention deficit: Even when in their best interest, White Americans pay less attention to Black peers. In a baseline study, we assign an incentivized puzzle to participants and examine their willingness to follow the example of their White and Black peers. White participants presume that Black peers are less competent — and fail to learn from their choices. We then test two interventions: Providing information about past accomplishments reduces the disparity in evaluations of Black peers, but the racial attention deficit persists. When Whites can witness the accomplishments of Black peers — rather than being told about them — the racial attention deficit subsides. We suggest that such a deficit can explain racial gaps documented in science, education, health, and law.
Role of three-nucleon forces and many-body processes in nuclear pairing
Creators: name: Holt, J. D.
name: Menendez, J.
name: Schwenk, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present microscopic valence-shell calculations of pairing gaps in the calcium isotopes, focusing on the role of three-nucleon (3N) forces and many-body processes. In most cases, we find a reduction in pairing strength when the leading chiral 3N forces are included, compared to results with low-momentum two-nucleon (NN) interactions only. This is in agreement with a recent energy density functional study. At the NN level, calculations that include particle-particle and hole-hole ladder contributions lead to smaller pairing gaps compared with experiment. When particle-hole contributions as well as the normal-ordered one- and two-body parts of 3N forces are consistently included to third order, we find reasonable agreement with experimental three-point mass differences. This highlights the important role of 3N forces and many-body processes for pairing in nuclei. Finally, we relate pairing gaps to the evolution of nuclear structure in neutron-rich calcium isotopes and study the predictions for the 2+ excitation energies, in particular for 54Ca.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, minor changes, published version
Density Profile of a Cool Core of Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Ota, Naomi
name: Onzuka, Kiyokazu
name: Masai, Kuniaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density profile of a cool core of intracluster gas is investigated for a cluster of galaxies that is initially in the virial equilibrium state, and then undergoes radiative cooling. The initial gas profile is derived under the assumption that the gas is hydrostatic within the dark-matter potential presented by the NFW or King model, and has a polytropic profile. The contribution of masses of gas and galaxies to the potential in the calculation is ignored compared to the dark matter. The temperature and density profiles of gas in its quasi-hydrostatic cooling phase, which is expected to last for ~Gyr, is then calculated for different initial gas profiles. It is found that in the quasi-hydrostatic cooling phase, while the temperature decreases to about 1/3, the density increases by a factor of 4-6 at the cluster center in comparison with their initial polytropic values, though the profiles over the core depend on the dark-matter potential. Hence, the core radius in the quasi-hydrostatic cooling gas appears to be smaller than that in the initial polytropic gas. We compared the density profile of the cool core with observations to find that, while the initial density is around the upper bounds of large-core (>100 kpc) clusters, most likely relaxed, but the cooling is not yet significant, the central density under quasi-hydrostatic cooling falls between the mid- and high-values of small (<100 kpc)- or cool-core clusters. It is also found for the quasi-hydrostatic cooling gas that the entropy profile roughly agrees with the best-fit model to the ACCEPT sample with a low central entropy; also, the pressure gradient in the inner core is close to that of the REXCESS sample. X-ray surface brightness calculated for the quasi-hydrostatic cooling gas is well represented by the conventional double beta-model, giving a physical basis for applying the double beta-model to cool-core clusters.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in PASJ. Minor corrections
The effect of surface roughness upon 25 st aluminum alloy subjected to repeated tensile stresses above the proportional limit
Creators: name: Hardy, Donald J.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1949
Subjects: Aeronautics

description: Fatigue tests were conducted on 54 specimens of 25 ST aluminum alloy for the purpose of determining the effect of surface roughness on the fatigue life of the material when subjected to constant repeated tensile stresses above the proportional limit.  In addition, the basic stress vs. cycle curve for 25 ST aluminum alloy was extended to include the range of cycles below 100,000.

A machine capable of applying repeated pure tension loads at a rate of 52 cycles per minute, without shock but with a high rate of loading, was used to obtain this data.

It was found that the rate of build-up and the duration of the impulse created an equivalent static load equal to the peak of the impulse loading.

For the material tested, it was found that as the surface roughness increased from 5μ to 200μ, the life expectancy of the alloy in general was reduced.  However, the experimental results revealed a larger degree of scatter in the cyclic range below 40,000 cycles as opposed to the relatively consistent data obtained at the higher cycles. Therefore, no general conclusions could be ascertained as to the effect of roughness on the fatigue life of the material in the high stress region.
Barriers to seeking post-abortion care in Paktika Province, Afghanistan: a qualitative study of clients and community members
Creators: name: Perera, Shiromi M.
name: Achakzai, Haroon
name: Giuffrida, Monica M.
name: Kulkarni, Meghana Jayne
name: Nagle, Devin C.
name: Wali, Mohammad Kameen
name: Casey, Sara E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Abortion
Abortion--Social aspects
Women's health services
Medical care

description: Background: Unsafe abortion is a leading cause of maternal mortality. In Afghanistan, which has experienced decades of armed conflict and where abortion is highly restricted, maternal mortality is high at 638 maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. Post-abortion care (PAC) is a lifesaving package of interventions to reduce morbidity and mortality related to induced or spontaneous abortion, but is rarely provided and often of poor quality, particularly in humanitarian settings. In July 2018, we conducted a study to identify the factors that influence access to and use of PAC services at Sharana Provincial Hospital. Methods: In-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with ten women who had received PAC services at Sharana Hospital, and eight focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with 40 married women and 40 men aged 18-45 from four villages surrounding Sharana Hospital. Results: PAC clients and community participants discussed similar barriers to seeking PAC, including cost, distance to the health facility, the need for male accompaniment to seek care, perceived and actual quality of care, stigma and shame. Despite the mentioned stigma around abortion, community members expressed willingness to help women to receive PAC. Conclusions: Our results suggest that while some barriers are not unique to PAC, others, especially those related to stigma around abortion, may be specific to PAC. It is important for the Ministry of Public Health and its partners to prioritize addressing these barriers to ensure that women have access to this critical life- saving care.
Universal conductivity of graphene in the ultra-relativistic regime
Creators: name: Herbut, Igor F.
name: Mastropietro, Vieri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the optical (cutoff >> frequency >> temperature) conductivity in clean graphene in the ultimate low-energy regime, when retardation effects of the electromagnetic interaction become important and when the full Lorentz symmetry emerges. In contrast to what happens with the short range or with the Coulomb long-range instantaneous interactions, the optical conductivity is now no longer equal to its non interacting value, but acquires universal corrections in powers of the fine structure constant. The coefficient of the first order correction is computed, and found to be of order one. We also present the result for the conductivity in the large-N limit, with $N$ as the number of Dirac fermions species, to the order $1/N^2$.
description: 6 revtex pages; minor modifications, typos corrected, references added, published version
On the topology of real Lagrangians in toric symplectic manifolds
Creators: name: Brendel, Joé
name: Kim, Joontae
name: Moon, Jiyeon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 53D12, Secondary 53D20

description: We explore the topology of real Lagrangian submanifolds in a toric symplectic manifold which come from involutive symmetries on its moment polytope. We establish a real analog of the Delzant construction for those real Lagrangians, which says that their diffeomorphism type is determined by combinatorial data. As an application, we realize all possible diffeomorphism types of connected real Lagrangians in toric symplectic del Pezzo surfaces.
description: 30 pages, 10 figures
Sentiment Analysis Using Averaged Weighted Word Vector Features
Creators: name: Erkan, Ali
name: Gungor, Tunga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: People use the world wide web heavily to share their experience with entities such as products, services, or travel destinations. Texts that provide online feedback in the form of reviews and comments are essential to make consumer decisions. These comments create a valuable source that may be used to measure satisfaction related to products or services. Sentiment analysis is the task of identifying opinions expressed in such text fragments. In this work, we develop two methods that combine different types of word vectors to learn and estimate polarity of reviews. We develop average review vectors from word vectors and add weights to this review vectors using word frequencies in positive and negative sensitivity-tagged reviews. We applied the methods to several datasets from different domains that are used as standard benchmarks for sentiment analysis. We ensemble the techniques with each other and existing methods, and we make a comparison with the approaches in the literature. The results show that the performances of our approaches outperform the state-of-the-art success rates.
Spectro-photometric variability of quasars caused by lensing of diffuse massive substructure: Consequences on flux anomaly and precise astrometric measurements
Creators: name: Popović, Luka C .
name: Simić, Sasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the spectro-photometric variability of quasars due to lensing of small mass substructure (from several tens to several hundreds solar masses). The aim of this paper is to explore the milli/microlensing influence on the flux anomaly observed between images of a lensed quasar in different spectral bands and possible influence of small mass structure lensing of non-macrolensed quasars.We find that spectro-photometric variability may be also caused by lensing of small mass diffuse structure and can produce the flux anomaly which is sometimes seen in different images of a lensed quasar. Additionally, we found that the lensing by small mass diffuse structure may produce significant changes in photo-center position of a quasar, and sometimes can split or deviate images of one source that can be detected as separate from the scale from 0.1 to several milliarcseconds. This can be measured ith Gaialike space astrometric missions. We point out a special case where a low redshifted deflector zd = 0.01 is lensing a high redshifted source, for which the variability in the flux and photocenter (several milliarcseconds) may be detected on a relatively short time scale.
description: 10-pages, 10-figures, 3-tables
Multispecies Virial Expansions
Creators: name: Jansen, Sabine
name: Tate, Stephen J.
name: Tsagkarogiannis, Dimitrios
name: Ueltschi, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60C05, 82B05

description: We study the virial expansion of mixtures of countably many different types of particles. The main tool is the Lagrange-Good inversion formula, which has other applications such as counting coloured trees or studying probability generating functions in multi-type branching processes. We prove that the virial expansion converges absolutely in a domain of small densities. In addition, we establish that the virial coefficients can be expressed in terms of two-connected graphs.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure
Top B Physics at the LHC
Creators: name: Gedalia, Oram
name: Isidori, Gino
name: Maltoni, Fabio
name: Perez, Gilad
name: Selvaggi, Michele
name: Soreq, Yotam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In top-pair events where at least one of the tops decays semi-leptonically, the identification of the lepton charge allows to tag not only the top charge but also that of the subsequent b quark. In cases where the b also decays semi-leptonically, the charge of the two leptons can be used to probe CP violation in heavy flavor mixing and decays. This strategy to measure CP violation is independent of those adopted so far in experiments, and can already constrain non Standard Model sources of CP violation with current and near future LHC data. To demonstrate the potential of this method we construct two CP asymmetries based on same-sign and opposite-sign leptons and estimate their sensitivities. This proposal opens a new window for doing precision measurements of CP violation in b and c quark physics via high p_T processes at ATLAS and CMS.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. v2: Slightly improved the b-charge association analysis; some discussions and clarifications added; fixed typos in Eqs. (29)-(32). Matches published version
An energy approach to the dynamic buckling of spherical caps
Creators: name: Liu, Ting-Lung
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1971
Subjects: Aeronautics

description: An experimental study to determine the dynamic buckling load of a spherical cap under impulsive loading was carried out. Impulsive loading was realized experimentally by use of a spray deposited explosive (Silver Acetylide-Silver Nitrate). The experimental dynamic buckling loads were compared to the dynamic buckling loads as calculated by using an energy criterion. The critical load from the energy criterion was determined by the conducting static pressure volume tests on the spherical caps. It was found that experimental results were consistently below the dynamic buckling load as predicted by the energy criterion. It was thought that this inconsistency resulted from the fact that transition state found in the static experiment was not the same as the dynamic transition state.
Some effects of secondary injection of gases into a supersonic flow
Creators: name: Burden, Harvey Worth
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1964
Subjects: Aeronautics

description: An experimental investigation was conducted in order to determine some of the effects of injection of a secondary stream of gas into a supersonic primary airstream. The flow fields behind an orifice producing essential two-dimensional flow and behind that producing full three-dimensional flow were studied. The resulting shock patterns, wall static pressure profiles, and flow field characteristics are described,and use is made of a theoretical injectant penetration height to non-dimensionalize the results as much as possible. It has been possible to draw some conclusions concerning the nature of the flow field and pressure field disturbances caused by secondary injection.
Improved multivariate normal mean estimation with unknown covariance when p is greater than n
Creators: name: Chételat, Didier
name: Wells, Martin T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the problem of estimating the mean vector of a p-variate normal $(θ,Σ)$ distribution under invariant quadratic loss, $(δ-θ)'Σ^{-1}(δ-θ)$, when the covariance is unknown. We propose a new class of estimators that dominate the usual estimator $δ^0(X)=X$. The proposed estimators of $θ$ depend upon X and an independent Wishart matrix S with n degrees of freedom, however, S is singular almost surely when p>n. The proof of domination involves the development of some new unbiased estimators of risk for the p>n setting. We also find some relationships between the amount of domination and the magnitudes of n and p.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AOS1067 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Dislocations in a layered elastic medium with applications to fault detection
Creators: name: Aspri, Andrea
name: Beretta, Elena
name: Mazzucato, Anna L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a model for elastic dislocations in geophysics. We model a portion of the Earth's crust as a bounded, inhomogeneous elastic body with a buried fault surface, along which slip occurs. We prove well-posedness of the resulting mixed-boundary-value-transmission problem, assuming only bounded elastic moduli. We establish uniqueness in the inverse problem of determining the fault surface and the slip from a unique measurement of the displacement on an open patch at the surface, assuming in addition that the Earth's crust is an isotropic, layered medium with Lamé coefficients piecewise Lipschitz on a known partition and that the fault surface is a graph with respect to an arbitrary coordinate system. These results substantially extend those of the authors in {Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal.} {\bf 263} (2020), n. 1, 71--111.
Circular band formation for incompressible viscous fluid--rigid particle mixtures in a rotating cylinder
Creators: name: Hou, Suchung
name: Pan, Tsorng-Whay
name: Glowinski, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76T20, 76U05, 65M85, 65M80

description: In this paper we have investigated a circular band formation of fluid-rigid particle mixtures in a fully filled cylinder horizontally rotating about its cylinder axis by direct numerical simulation. These phenomena are modeled by the Navier-Stokes equations coupled to the Euler-Newton equations describing the rigid solid motion of the non-neutrally particles. The formation of circular bands studied in this paper is not resulted by mutual interaction between the particles and the periodic inertial waves in the cylinder axis direction (as suggested in Phys. Rev. E, 72, 021407 (2005)), but due to the interaction of particles. When a circular band is forming, the part of the band formed by the particles moving downward becomes more compact due to the particle interaction strengthened by the downward acceleration from the gravity. The part of a band formed by the particles moving upward is always loosening up due to the slow down of the particle motion by the counter effect of the gravity. To form a compact circular band (not a loosely one), enough particles are needed to interact among themselves continuously through the entire circular band at a rotating rate so that the upward diffusion of particles can be balanced by the compactness process when these particles moving downward.
description: 12 pages; 12 figures
AEUP goes ScienceOpen - presentation at the 3rd AEUP Conference "Publishing in Nervous Times"
Creators: name: Dawson, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: academic publishing
scholarly communication
catalogue
open science

description: A presentation by Stephanie Dawson about the agreement between ScienceOpen and AEUP presented at the 3rd AEUP Conference "Publishing in Nervous Times" on 16 May 2023 in Tallinn, Estonia.
An exact formalism for the quench dynamics of integrable models
Creators: name: Iyer, Deepak
name: Guan, Huijie
name: Andrei, Natan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a formulation for studying the quench dynamics of integrable systems generalizing an approach by Yudson. We study the evolution of the Lieb-Liniger model, a gas of interacting bosons moving on the continuous infinite line and interacting via a short range potential. The formalism allows us to quench the system from any initial state. We find that for any value of repulsive coupling independently of the initial state the system asymptotes towards a strongly repulsive gas, while for any value of attractive coupling, the system forms a maximal bound state that dominates at longer times. In either case the system equilibrates but does not thermalize. We compare this to quenches in a Bose-Hubbard lattice and show that there, initial states determine long-time dynamics independent of the sign of the coupling.
description: 20 pages, 23 figures, follow up to PRL 109 115304 (2012)
title: "Ranchers Don't Sell, They Acquire": The Life and Legends of Bartley Marie Scott
Creators: name: Hartley-Moore, Julie
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1994

description: This thesis examines the family history and life story of Colorado ranch woman Bartley Marie Scott. In addition to biographical information, it includes an examination of the folklore surrounding Scott's life, her role in the regional culture, and the theoretical implications of using folklore in biography.
The effect of temperature cycling on the physical properties of FS-1 magnesium alloy sheet metal
Creators: name: Lindsley, Jack N.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1953
Subjects: Aeronautics

description: An investigation was made of the effect of different cyclic heat treatments on the "high rate" creep and stress-strain characteristics of FS-lh magnesium alloy and 75S-T6 aluminum alloy sheet metal. The heat treatments to which the alloys were subjected consisted of a varying series of heating and cooling cycles such that the periods at heat treating temperature totaled 60 minutes. Temperatures investigated were 250[degrees] and 550[degrees]F. Following heat treatment, both tensile and creep tests were conducted at room temperature and at the temperature of heat treatment.

This thesis encompasses the investigation of FS-lh magnesium alloy, while the investigation of 75S-T6 aluminum alloy is covered in the current thesis of the author's co-worker(1).

It was found for the range of heat treatment cycling (1-20 cycles) and temperatures investigated, that there is no effect on the physical properties as a result of changing the number of heating cycles. Cyclic heat treatment at 550[degrees]F was the only treatment to result in a reduction of physical properties, and this only when tested at room temperature.

It was also found that, within the time range investigated, exposure time exhibits a negligible effect on the physical properties of the material. However, elevated temperatures affect the yield and ultimate properties.
On the offset of the DM cusp and the interpretation of the 130 GeV line as a DM signal
Creators: name: Gorbunov, Dmitry
name: Tinyakov, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the cusp in the dark matter (DM) distribution required to explain the recently found excess in the gamma-ray spectrum at energies ~130 GeV in terms of the DM annihilations cannot survive the tidal forces if it is offset by ~1.5^\circ from the Galactic centre as suggested by observations.
description: 3 pages, replaced with journal version
Project Nova: A Combination HIV Prevention and Microfinance Intervention for Women Who Engage in Sex Work and Use Drugs in Kazakhstan
Creators: name: Mergenova, Gaukhar
name: El-Bassel, Nabila
name: McCrimmon, Tara
name: Terlikbayeva, Assel
name: Primbetova, Sholpan
name: Riedel, Marion
name: Kuskulov, Azamat
name: Velez-Grau, Carolina
name: Witte, Susan S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Public health
HIV infections—Prevention
Microfinance

description: Innovative combination HIV-prevention and microfinance interventions are needed to address the high incidence of HIV and other STIs among women who use drugs. Project Nova is a cluster-randomized, controlled trial for drug-using female sex workers in two cities in Kazakhstan. The intervention was adapted from prior interventions for women at high risk for HIV and tailored to meet the needs of female sex workers who use injection or noninjection drugs. We describe the development and implementation of the Nova intervention and detail its components: HIV-risk reduction, financial-literacy training, vocational training, and a matched-savings program. We discuss session-attendance rates, barriers to engagement, challenges that arose during the sessions, and the solutions implemented. Our findings show that it is feasible to implement a combination HIV-prevention and microfinance intervention with highly vulnerable women such as these, and to address implementation challenges successfully.
"O GIGANTE ACORDOU": Uma análise da democracia à luz do novo Constitucionalismo latinoamericano
Creators: name: Florindo da Silva, Heleno
name: Cesar Fabriz, Daury
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Estamos imersos em tempos de profundas mudanças estruturais nessa "invenção" da Modernidade que é o Estado. O Brasil, conhecido pelo "pacifismo de sua gente", algo que beira a inércia, se apresenta ao mundo, como um celeiro de discussões profundas. Esse povo, ainda submisso aos seus representantes, vai às ruas pedir um basta àquilo que se vive enquanto realidade em um país cuja economia é similar a dos Tigres Asiáticos, mas que possui a efetivação de direitos fundamentais de países africanos. É nesse contexto que o debate sobre a democracia, que nunca há de se extinguir, ressurge e que será trabalhado no presente artigo. Num primeiro momento, a democracia de hoje será tratada como o reflexo de uma construção histórica da humanidade, que vem desde a península grega antiga, até os dias atuais. Em um segundo momento, se buscará naquilo que hoje se denomina Novo Constitucionalismo Latino-Americano, as bases para uma nova leitura democrática da democracia, apontando os principais textos constitucionais que foram elaborados e que inauguram no contexto latinoamericano, um cenário tão novo, a ponto de se dizer, como no título acima, que o gigante acordou.
Predictors of Depressive Symptoms and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Among Women Engaged in Commercial Sex Work in Southern Uganda
Creators: name: Nabunya, Proscovia
name: Byansi, William
name: Damulira, Christopher
name: Sensoy Bahar, Ozge
name: Mayo-Wilson, Larissa J.
name: Tozan, Yesim
name: Kiyingi, Joshua
name: Nabayinda, Josephine
name: Brathwaite, Rachel
name: Witte, Susan S.
name: Ssewamala, Fred M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Public health

description: This study examined the factors associated with depressive symptoms and post traumatic depressive disorder (PTSD) among economically vulnerable women engaged in commercial sex work (WESW) in southern Uganda. Baseline data from a longitudinal cluster randomized study involving 542 self-identified WESW (18-55 years), recruited from 19 HIV hotspots were analyzed. Hierarchical linear regression modelling was utilized to estimate individual, family-level and economic-level predictors of depressive symptoms and PTSD. Family cohesion, sex work stigma, HIV status, financial distress, household assets, number of children and number of household income earners, were associated with PTSD. Similarly, family cohesion, number of people in the household, HIV status, sex work stigma, financial distress, and household assets, were associated with depressive symptoms. Women engaged in commercial sex work are at a higher risk of HIV and poor mental health outcomes. Sex work stigma and financial distress elevate levels of depressive symptoms and PTSD, over and above an individual's HIV status. Family and economic-level factors have the potential to mitigate the risk of poor mental health outcomes. As such, integrating stigma reduction and economic strengthening components in the programming targeting WESW—a key population, may be critical to address their mental health outcomes.
VLBI observations of the shortest orbital period black hole binary, MAXI J1659-152
Creators: name: Paragi, Z.
name: van der Horst, A. J.
name: Belloni, T.
name: Miller-Jones, J. C. A.
name: Linford, J.
name: Taylor, G.
name: Yang, J.
name: Garrett, M. A.
name: Granot, J.
name: Kouveliotou, C.
name: Kuulkers, E.
name: Wijers, R. A. M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The X-ray transient MAXI J1659-152 was discovered by Swift/BAT and it was initially identified as a GRB. Soon its Galactic origin and binary nature were established. There exists a wealth of multi-wavelength monitoring data for this source, providing a great coverage of the full X-ray transition in this candidate black hole binary system. We obtained two epochs of European VLBI Network (EVN) electronic-VLBI (e-VLBI) and four epochs of Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) data of MAXI J1659-152 which show evidence for outflow in the early phases. The overall source properties (polarization, milliarcsecond-scale radio structure, flat radio spectrum) are described well with the presence of a compact jet in the system through the transition from the hard-intermediate to the soft X-ray spectral state. The apparent dependence of source size and the radio core position on the observed flux density (luminosity dependent core shift) support this interpretation as well. We see no evidence for major discrete ejecta during the outburst. For the source proper motion we derive 2 sigma upper limits of 115 microas/day in right ascension, and 37 microas/day in declination, over a time baseline of 12 days. These correspond to velocities of 1400 km/s and 440 km/s, respectively, assuming a source distance of 7 kpc.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Голливудская инфернальная идеология в поисках новых символических топосов
Creators: name: Григорьевич, Андрей
name: Шустов, Александр
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2019

description: Анализируется эволюция образа Дьявола в традиции американского фильма ужасов. Устанавливается закономерность, выражающаяся в четкой зависимости визуальных маркеров голливудской инфернальности от целого комплекса политических, экономических, социокультурных, религиозных и идеологических факторов. Доминирование сверхъестественных и религиозных мотивов в кинообразах Дьявола свидетельствовало о значительном влиянии традиционных ценностей как на американское общество, так и на голливудскую индустрию ужасов. Их постепенная секулярная и демистифицирующая трансформация демонстрирует реальный кризис мифосимволических и культурных ценностей на фоне восходящей потребительской идеологии и практики постиндустриальной эпохи. Первым пристанищем нового голливудского имиджа Дьявола становится образ Ребенка, архетипическая миссия которого состоит в формировании феноменологии сознания обывателя, ориентированного на освоение общекультурных символов. Дьявол превращается из сверхъестественной фигуры в инфернального Ребенка, единственным средством борьбы с которым является разрушение детства как пространства его бытия.
Proton Stability, Gauge Coupling Unification and a Light $Z^\prime$ in Heterotic-string Models
Creators: name: Faraggi, Alon E.
name: Mehta, Viraf M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the phenomenological viability of a light Z' in heterotic-string models, whose existence has been motivated by proton stability arguments. A class of quasi-realistic string models that produce such a viable Z' are the Left-Right Symmetric (LRS) heterotic-string models in the free fermionic formulation. A key feature of these models is that the matter charges under U(1)_Z' do not admit an E6 embedding. The light Z' in the LRS heterotic-string models forbids baryon number violating operators, while allowing lepton number violating operators, hence suppressing proton decay yet allowing for sufficiently small neutrino masses via a seesaw mechanism. We show that the constraints imposed by the gauge coupling data and heterotic-string coupling unification nullify the viability of a light Z' in these models. We further argue that agreement with the gauge coupling data necessitates that the U(1)_Z' charges admit an E6 embedding. We discuss how viable string models with this property may be constructed.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures, references added, minor corrections -- accepted for publication in PRD
Small values of $| L^\prime/L(1,χ) |$
Creators: name: Lamzouri, Youness
name: Languasco, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11E45, 11M41

description: In this paper, we investigate the quantity $m_q:=\min_{χ\ne χ_0} | L^\prime/L(1,χ)|$, as $q\to \infty$ over the primes, where $L(s,χ)$ is the Dirichlet $L$-function attached to a non trivial Dirichlet character modulo $q$. Our main result shows that $m_q \ll \log\log q/\sqrt{\log q}$. We also compute $m_q$ for every odd prime $q$ up to $10^7$. As a consequence we numerically verified that for every odd prime $q$, $3 \le q \le 10^7$, we have $c_1/q< m_q<5/\sqrt{q}$, with $c_1=21/200$. In particular, this shows that $L^\prime(1,χ) \ne 0$ for every non trivial Dirichlet character $χ$ mod $q$ where $3\leq q\leq 10^7$ is prime, answering a question of Gun, Murty and Rath in this range. We also provide some statistics and scatter plots regarding the $m_q$-values, see Section 6. The programs used and the computational results described here are available at the following web address: \url{http://www.math.unipd.it/~languasc/smallvalues.html}.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Collisional relaxation of two-dimensional self-gravitating systems
Creators: name: Marcos, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systems with long range interactions present generically the formation of quasi-stationary long-lived non-equilibrium states. These states relax to Boltzmann equilibrium following a dynamics which is not well understood. In this paper we study this process in two-dimensional inhomogeneous self-gravitating systems. Using the Chandrasekhar -- or local -- approximation we write a simple approximate kinetic equation for the relaxation process, obtaining a Fokker -- Planck equation for the velocity distribution with explicit analytical diffusion coefficients. Performing molecular dynamics simulations and comparing them with the evolution predicted by the Fokker -- Planck equation, we observe a good agreement with the model for all the duration of the relaxation, from the formation of the quasi-stationary state to thermal equilibrium. We observe however an overestimate or underestimate of the relaxation rate of the particles with the slower or larger velocities respectively. It is due to systematic errors in estimating the velocities of the particles at the moment of the collisions, inherent to the Chandrasekhar approximation when applied to inhomogeneous systems. Theory and simulations give a scaling of the relaxation time proportional to the number of particles in the system.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures. Main results unchanged, extended results and discussion, minor corrections in formulas
Dorsal vertebro-medullary stab wound: two cases from Niamey National Hospital and review of literature
Creators: name: AMADOU Abdoul Wahabou
name: Dossou, Mèhomè Wilfried
name: Dzidoula, LAWSON Laté
name: Kpègnon Nicaise Agada
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: stab wound
subject: Dorsal vertebro-medullary
subject: Niamey National Hospital

description: Case series
Working with economically vulnerable women engaged in sex work: Collaborating with community stakeholders in Southern Uganda
Creators: name: Nabunya, Proscovia
name: Kiyingi, Joshua
name: Witte, Susan S.
name: Sensoy Bahar, Ozge
name: Mayo-Wilson, Larissa J.
name: Tozan, Yesim
name: Nabayinda, Josephine
name: Mwebembezi, Abel
name: Tumwesige, Wilberforce
name: Mukasa, Barbara
name: Namirembe, Rashida
name: Kagaayi, Joseph
name: Nakigudde, Janet
name: McKay, Mary M.
name: Ssewamala, Fred M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Public health
HIV infections--Risk factors
Public health--Economic aspects

description: Economically vulnerable women engaged in sex work (WESW) comprise one of the key populations with higher prevalence of HIV globally. In Uganda, HIV prevalence among WESW is estimated at 37% and accounts for 18% of all new infections in the country. This paper describes the strategies by which we have engaged community stakeholders in a randomised clinical trial aimed at evaluating the efficacy of adding economic empowerment components to traditional HIV risk reduction to reduce the incidence of STIs and HIV among WESW in Uganda. We demonstrate that stakeholder engagement, including the engagement of WESW themselves, plays a critical role in the adaptation, implementation, uptake, and potential sustainability of evidence-based interventions. To our knowledge, this is the first study to utilise stakeholder engagement involving WESW in Uganda. Researchers working with hard-to-reach populations, such as WESW, are encouraged to invest time and resources to engage key stakeholders through a full range of collaborative activities; and ensure that research is culturally appropriate and meets the needs of all stakeholders involved.