cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Towards the resolution of a quantized chaotic phase space: The interplay of dynamics with noise
Creators: name: Lippolis, Domenico
name: Shudo, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We outline formal and physical similarities between the quantum dynamics of open systems, and the mesoscopic description of classical systems affected by weak noise. The main tool of our interest is the dissipative Wigner equation, that, for suitable timescales, becomes analogous to the Fokker-Planck equation describing classical advection and diffusion. This correspondence allows in principle to surmise a finite resolution, other than the Planck scale, for the quantized state space of the open system, particularly meaningful when the latter underlies chaotic classical dynamics. We provide representative examples of the quantum-stochastic parallel with noisy Hopf cycles and Van der Pol type oscillators.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
NELLA BASILICATA DI EPOCA UNITARIA. PER UNA BIOGRAFIA POLITICA DI GIACOMO RACIOPPI (1823-1908)
Creators: name: MORLINO, DOMENICO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014

description: In my research will reconstruct the figure of Giacomo Racioppi, a patriot and an historian born in Moliterno (Basilicata, Italy). In 1849 he was imprisoned in the jail of Santa Maria Apparente because suspected of liberal ideas. He took part in the insurrection of Basilicata in 1860, when Garibaldi was still in Sicily, to realize the Unity of Italy. After that, the Prodittatoriale Government was set up. It was so called because it exercised the power in the name of Garibaldi and Vittorio Emanuele II. The events of the insurrection of 1860 in Basilicata will be reconstructed through Racioppi?s wide historiographic production. I will examine the role, significant for the problem of the repression of brigandage, he played in the Prodittatoriale Government of Basilicata and in the provincial administration of Potenza by comparing his private papers and other documents, held at the State archive of Potenza. I will highlight his political views about Italy before and after the unity, thanks to articles and pamphlets which have been published.
A relativistic, model-independent, three-particle quantization condition
Creators: name: Hansen, Maxwell T.
name: Sharpe, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a generalization of Luescher's relation between the finite-volume spectrum and scattering amplitudes to the case of three particles. We consider a relativistic scalar field theory in which the couplings are arbitrary aside from a Z2 symmetry that removes vertices with an odd number of particles. The theory is assumed to have two-particle phase shifts that are bounded by π/2 in the regime of elastic scattering. We determine the spectrum of the finite-volume theory from the poles in the odd-particle-number finite-volume correlator, which we analyze to all orders in perturbation theory. We show that it depends on the infinite-volume two-to-two K-matrix as well as a nonstandard infinite-volume three-to-three K-matrix. A key feature of our result is the need to subtract physical singularities in the three-to-three amplitude and thus deal with a divergence-free quantity. This allows our initial, formal result to be truncated to a finite dimensional determinant equation. At present, the relation of the three-to-three K-matrix to the corresponding scattering amplitude is not known, although previous results in the non-relativistic limit suggest that such a relation exists.
description: Revtex, 59 pages, 20 figures (v2: style improved, typos corrected, no change in results) (v3: further typos corrected; consistent with published version)
Cosmological General Relativity With Scale Factor and Dark Energy
Creators: name: Oliveira, Firmin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the four-dimensional space-velocity Cosmological General Relativity of Carmeli is developed by a general solution to the Einstein field equations. The metric is given in the Tolman form and the vacuum mass density is included in the energy-momentum tensor. The scale factor redshift equation is obtained, forming the basis for deriving the various redshift-distance relations of cosmological analysis. A linear equation of state dependent on the scale factor is assumed to account for the effects of an evolving dark energy in the expansion of the universe. Modeling simulations are provided for a few combinations of mass density, vacuum density and state parameter values over a sample of high redshift SNe Ia data. Also, the Carmeli cosmological model is derived as a special case of the general solution.
description: 28 pages, 9 figures, 1 table. The final publication is available at springerlink.com
La matematica da scienza delle grandezze a teoria delle forme : l'Ausdehnungslehre di H. Grassmann
Creators: name: CANTU', PAOLA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2003

description: This PhD thesis analyzes a change in the definition of mathematics in the 19th century: from science of quantities to science of forms. A comparison of the concepts of quantity, magnitude, number, form, and structure, which have not always been sufficiently distinguished in the literature on the 19th century, shows interesting connections between philosophy, geometry and algebra. The first part is devoted to a historical and philosophical analysis of the notion of magnitude, especially to its geometrical origin in Greek mathematics, to its algebraic development in the 14th century ? which changes the notion of magnitude (quantity) into the notion of a general magnitude (quantity) ?, and to the comparison with Descartes's and Leibniz's remarks on operations and relations. The analysis of some works of Wolff, d'Alembert, Euler and Gauss ? texts that appear for the first time in an Italian translation in the Appendix ? shows that magnitudes, when mathematics is defined as Gr�ssenlehre, are extensive quantities defined by an equality relation and by an additive operation that characterizes the relation of the parts to the whole. The second part of the research (chapters 4-6) is entirely devoted to an analysis of the epistemology of Hermann Grassmann, and in particular to the notion of an extensive magnitude that he develops in the Ausdehnungslehre (some passages of the 1844 and 1862 editions are also translated into Italian in the Appendix). The aim of the work is to show the intimate connection between the mathematical research and the philosophical conception of Grassmann, which is considered as an original contribution to the foundation of a theory of extensive magnitudes independently from numbers and from a theory of measurement.
MD Simulations of Compression of Nanoscale Iron Pillars
Creators: name: Healy, Con J.
name: Ackland, Graeme J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is now possible to create perfect crystal nanowires of many metals. The deformation of such objects requires a good understanding of the processes involved in plasticity at the nanoscale. Isotropic compression of such nanometre scale micropillars is a good model system to understand the plasticity. Here we investigate these phenomena using Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations of nanometre scale single crystal BCC iron pillars in compression. We find that pillars with large length to width ratio may buckle under high strain rates. The type of buckling behaviour depends sensitively on the boundary conditions used: periodic boundary conditions allow for rotation at top and bottom of the pillar, and result in an S shaped buckle, by contrast fixed boundaries enforce a C shape. Pillars with a length to width ratio closer to that used in experimental micropillar compression studies show deformation behaviour dominated by slip, in agreement with the experiments. For micropillars oriented along <100>, slip occurs on <110> planes and localized slip bands are formed. Pillars of this size experience higher stresses than bulk materials before yielding takes place. One might expect that this may be in part due to the lack of nucleation sites needed to induce slip. However, further simulations with possible dislocation sources: a shorter iron pillar containing a spherical grain boundary, and a similar pillar containing jagged edges did not show a decreased yield strength.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, 2011 MRS Spring Meeting, MRS Proceedings, 1369, mrss11-1369-XX03-03
Phonon-induced localization of excitons in molecular crystals from first principles
Creators: name: Alvertis, Antonios M.
name: Haber, Jonah B.
name: Engel, Edgar A.
name: Sharifzadeh, Sahar
name: Neaton, Jeffrey B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spatial extent of excitons in molecular systems underpins their photophysics and utility for optoelectronic applications. Phonons are reported to lead to both exciton localization and delocalization. However, a microscopic understanding of phonon-induced (de)localization is lacking, in particular how localized states form, the role of specific vibrations, and the relative importance of quantum and thermal nuclear fluctuations. Here we present a first-principles study of these phenomena in solid pentacene, a prototypical molecular crystal, capturing the formation of bound excitons, exciton-phonon coupling to all orders, and phonon anharmonicity, using density functional theory, the \emph{ab initio} $GW$-Bethe-Salpeter equation approach, finite difference, and path integral techniques. We find that for pentacene zero-point nuclear motion causes uniformly strong localization, with thermal motion providing additional localization only for Wannier-Mott-like excitons. Anharmonic effects drive temperature-dependent localization, and while such effects prevent the emergence of highly delocalized excitons, we explore the conditions under which these might be realized.
Two-Dimensional Quantum Dynamics of O$_2$ Dissociative Adsorption on Ag(111)
Creators: name: Kunisada, Yuji
name: Sakaguchi, Norihito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the quantum dynamics of O2 dissociative adsorption on a Ag(111) surface. We performed the calculations with a Hamiltonian where the O2 translational motion is perpendicular to the surface and for O2 vibrational energy. We found that dissociative adsorption occurs with an incident translational energy below the expected activation barrier, while the translational-energy dependence for adsorption probabilities is a smooth sigmoid. Thus, there are non-negligible tunneling effects in the dissociative adsorption that are affected by the activation barrier width. Moreover, the incident translational energies at the inflection points of the adsorption probabilities shift lower with increasing in vibrational quantum numbers of the incident O2. Thus, there is significant energy transfer and coupling from vibration to translational motion. The vibrational energy assists the O2 dissociative adsorption via a vibrationally assisted sticking effect.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Centrifugal–Centripetal Dynamics in the Dialogical Self: A Case Study of a Boundary Experience in Teacher Education
Creators: name: Henry, Alastair
name: Mollstedt, Maria
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The dialogical self is conceptualized as a dynamically shifting collection of relatively autonomous I-positions. A boundary experience is an event or situation where tension experienced between conflicting I-positions leads to reconfiguration within the dialogical self. In a boundary experience, uncertainty or a challenge can trigger decentering (centrifugal) movements which can disrupt the self’s contingent stability. These movements can be counterbalanced by centering (centripetal) movements aimed at restoring continuity and consistency. Investigating a boundary experience as a process in motion, this individual case study explores centrifugal–centripetal dynamics in the dialogical self of a preservice teacher during a challenging school placement. Data used in the study derives from reflective/reflexive writing in the form of daily contributions to an online discussion between the participant and a dialogue partner. Findings point to the presence of two alternately complementary/conflicting I-positions in the participant’s teacher identity system and shed light on the roles played by meta- and promoter positions in addressing identity tensions. Recognizing how a boundary experience can be distributed across a range of events, each of which can contribute to processes of reconfiguration, the study underscores the importance of investigating transformative experiences in contexts of professional learning.
The International Space Station (ISS) Contest as STEM Educational Project
Creators: name: Bonacci, Enzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the years 2015-2018, the Italian Ministry of Education, University and Research and the Italian Ministry of Defense proposed the joint initiative "Space for Your Future. The ISS: Innovatio, Scientia, Sapientia" in partnership with the Italian Space Agency. It was a competition addressed to secondary school students and aimed at developing innovative experiments to be conducted on the International Space Station, whose acronym (ISS) is the same of the Latin words "Innovatio, Scientia, Sapientia". Regardless of the odds of winning, "Space for Your Future" became a successful STEM educational project implemented in numerous schools. We illustrate how that Astronomy contest fostered a valid constructivist learning, a fruitful participatory science, and vast scientific research. We discuss, in particular, the activities of two teams of pupils from the Scientific High School "Giovanni Battista Grassi" in Latina (seat of the Planetarium "Livio Gratton") who participated within the thematic area No. 3 "Test the Sciences in Space". They all worked on chemical tests, suitable for the ISS microgravity, under the tutoring of Francesco Giuliano (Province Manager of the IYA 2009 and the IYC 2011 in Latina). The key reference is a talk given in the 104th annual congress of the Italian Physical Society at the University of Calabria (September 17-21, 2018) together with an invited lecture held in the 13th European Researchers' Night by Frascati Scienza (September 28, 2018).
description: 28 pages, 11 figures, 9 tables
Fourier Heat Conduction as a phenomenon described within the scope of the Second Law
Creators: name: Jesudason, Christopher G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The historical development of the Carnot cycle necessitated the construction of isothermal and adiabatic pathways within the cycle that were also mechanically "reversible" which lead eventually to the Kelvin-Clausius development of the entropy function where the heat absorption is for the diathermal (isothermal) paths of the cycle only. It is deduced from traditional arguments that Fourier heat conduction involves mechanically "reversible" heat transfer with irreversible entropy increase. Here we model heat conduction as a thermodynamically reversible but mechanically irreversible process. The MD simulations conducted shows excellent agreement with the theory. Such views and results as these, if developed to a successful conclusion could imply that the Carnot cycle be viewed as describing a local process of energy-work conversion and that irreversible local processes might be brought within the scope of this cycle, implying a unified treatment of thermodynamically (i) irreversible, (ii) reversible, (iii) isothermal and (iv) adiabatic processes.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures. Material for talk at conference and ICNPAA 2014 (Narvik, Norway) Conference Proceedings
La endometriosis en primera persona en Cataluña: Recomendaciones de mujeres con endometriosis para la mejora de los servicios sanitarios y las políticas públicas. TRANSFORM Informe de recomendaciones para políticas públicas 2022
Creators: name: Salas Seoane, Nora
name: Reinoso Botsho, Diana
name: Perucca Iannitelli, Carla
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Endometriosis
salud de la mujer
salud
ciencia ciudadana
cocreación

description: El presente Informe de Recomendaciones es el resultado de una investigación participativa utilizando metodologías de ciencia ciudadana donde las mujeres han actuado como coinvestigadoras hablando en primera persona sobre la endometriosis en Cataluña. La investigación pretende explicar y concienciar sobre cómo se vive la endometriosis y sus afectaciones para la salud global de las personas, así como que las propias mujeres generen recomendaciones en primera persona para mejorar los servicios asistenciales de diagnóstico y de atención. Este Policy Brief va destinado a las personas responsables de políticas públicas y al personal sanitario. Esta investigación ha sido posible gracias a la participación activa, la motivación y la ilusión de 20 mujeres coinvestigadoras que han sido involucradas en las diferentes fases del proceso científico. Agradecemos enormemente su apoyo, dedicación y esfuerzo a lo largo de la investigación, y esperamos conseguir, como ellas desean, un impacto en políticas públicas de salud que resulten en una mejora del abordaje de la endometriosis a nivel sanitario y que permita mejorar la calidad de vida de las pacientes presentes y futuras. Este piloto de ciencia ciudadana forma parte del proyecto europeo TRANSFORM (convenio de subvención N.872687). Este documento refleja únicamente las opiniones de las autoras, y ni la Comisión Europea ni la Agencia Ejecutiva de Investigación se hacen responsables del uso que se pueda hacer de la información que contiene.
Experimental Demonstration of Non-Stateful In-Memory Logic with 1T1R OxRAM Valence Change Mechanism Memristors
Creators: name: Padberg, Henriette
name: Regev, Amir
name: Piccolboni, Giuseppe
name: Bricalli, Alessandro
name: Molas, Gabriel
name: Nodin, Jean Francois
name: Kvatinsky, Shahar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Processing-in-memory (PIM) is attractive to overcome the limitations of modern computing systems. Numerous PIM systems exist, varying by the technologies and logic techniques used. Successful operation of specific logic functions is crucial for effective processing-in-memory. Memristive non-stateful logic techniques are compatible with CMOS logic and can be integrated into a 1T1R memory array, similar to commercial RRAM products. This paper analyzes and demonstrates two non-stateful logic techniques: 1T1R logic and scouting logic. As a first step, the used 1T1R SiO\textsubscript{x} valence change mechanism memristors are characterized in reference to their feasibility to perform logic functions. Various logical functions of the two logic techniques are experimentally demonstrated, showing correct functionality in all cases. Following the results, the challenges and limitations of the RRAM characteristics and 1T1R configuration for the application in logical functions are discussed.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
RNA molecules with conserved catalytic cores but variable peripheries fold along unique energetically optimized pathways
Creators: name: Laederach, A.
name: Brenowitz, M.
name: Mitra, S.
name: Altman, R. B.
name: Golden, B. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Functional and kinetic constraints must be efficiently balanced during the folding process of all biopolymers. To understand how homologous RNA molecules with different global architectures fold into a common core structure we determined, under identical conditions, the folding mechanisms of three phylogenetically divergent group I intron ribozymes. These ribozymes share a conserved functional core defined by topologically equivalent tertiary motifs but differ in their primary sequence, size, and structural complexity. Time-resolved hydroxyl radical probing of the backbone solvent accessible surface and catalytic activity measurements integrated with structural-kinetic modeling reveal that each ribozyme adopts a unique strategy to attain the conserved functional fold. The folding rates are not dictated by the size or the overall structural complexity, but rather by the strength of the constituent tertiary motifs which, in turn, govern the structure, stability, and lifetime of the folding intermediates. A fundamental general principle of RNA folding emerges from this study: The dominant folding flux always proceeds through an optimally structured kinetic intermediate that has sufficient stability to act as a nucleating scaffold while retaining enough conformational freedom to avoid kinetic trapping. Our results also suggest a potential role of naturally selected peripheral A-minor interactions in balancing RNA structural stability with folding efficiency.
A NICER look at the jet-like corona of MAXI J1535-571 through type-B quasi-periodic oscillations
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuexin
name: Méndez, Mariano
name: García, Federico
name: Altamirano, Diego
name: Belloni, Tomaso M.
name: Alabarta, Kevin
name: Zhang, Liang
name: Bellavita, Candela
name: Rawat, Divya
name: Ma, Ruican
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MAXI J1535-571 is a black-hole X-ray binary that in 2017 exhibited a very bright outburst which reached a peak flux of up to 5 Crab in the 2-20 keV band. Given the high flux, several X-ray space observatories obtained unprecedented high signal-to-noise data of key parts of the outburst. In our previous paper we studied the corona of MAXI J1535-571 in the hard-intermediate state (HIMS) with Insight-HXMT. In this paper we focus on the study of the corona in the soft-intermediate state (SIMS) through the spectral-timing analysis of 26 NICER detections of the type-B quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs). From simultaneous fits of the energy, rms and lag spectra of these QPOs with our time-dependent Comptonization model, we find that in the SIMS the corona size is ~ 6500 km and vertically extended. We detect a narrow iron line in the energy spectra, which we interpret to be due to the illumination of the outer part of the accretion disk by this large corona. We follow the evolution of the corona and the radio jet during the HIMS-SIMS transition, and find that the jet flux peaks after the time when the corona extends to its maximum vertical size. The jet flux starts to decay after the corona contracts vertically towards the black hole. This behavior points to a connection between the X-ray corona and the radio jet similar to that seen in other sources.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Correlation structure analysis of the global agricultural futures market
Creators: name: Dai, Yun-Shi
name: Huynh, Ngoc Quang Anh
name: Zheng, Qing-Huan
name: Zhou, Wei-Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper adopts the random matrix theory (RMT) to analyze the correlation structure of the global agricultural futures market from 2000 to 2020. It is found that the distribution of correlation coefficients is asymmetric and right skewed, and many eigenvalues of the correlation matrix deviate from the RMT prediction. The largest eigenvalue reflects a collective market effect common to all agricultural futures, the other largest deviating eigenvalues can be implemented to identify futures groups, and there are modular structures based on regional properties or agricultural commodities among the significant participants of their corresponding eigenvectors. Except for the smallest eigenvalue, other smallest deviating eigenvalues represent the agricultural futures pairs with highest correlations. This paper can be of reference and significance for using agricultural futures to manage risk and optimize asset allocation.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Non-Equilibrium View of the Amorphous Solidification of Liquids with Competing Interactions
Creators: name: Carretas-Talamante, Ana Gabriela
name: López, Jesús Benigno Zepeda
name: Lázaro-Lázaro, Edilio
name: Elizondo-Aguilera, Luis Fernando
name: Medina-Noyola, Magdaleno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between short-range attractions and long-range repulsions (SALR) characterizes the so called liquids with competing interactions, which are known to exhibit a variety of equilibrium and non-equilibrium phases. The theoretical description of the phenomenology associated to glassy or gel states in these systems has to take into account both, the presence of thermodynamic instabilities (such as those defining the spinodal line and the so called $λ$ line) and the limited capability to describe genuine non-equilibrium processes from first principles. Here we report the first application of the non-equilibrium self-consistent generalized Langevin equation theory, to the description of the dynamical arrest processes that occur in SALR systems after being instantaneously quenched into a state point in the regions of thermodynamic instability. The physical scenario predicted by this theory reveals an amazing interplay between the thermodynamically-driven instabilities, favoring equilibrium macro- and micro-phase separation, and the kinetic arrest mechanisms, favoring non-equilibrium amorphous solidification of the liquid into an unexpected variety of glass and gel states.
Sharing and archiving nucleic acid structure mapping data
Creators: name: Knight, R.
name: Bellaousov, S.
name: Duncan, C. D. S.
name: Das, R.
name: Cordero, P.
name: Rocca-Serra, P.
name: Weeks, K. M.
name: Chen, C.
name: Birmingham, A.
name: Mathews, D. H.
name: Zirbel, C. L.
name: Davis-Neulander, L.
name: Stombaugh, J.
name: Ritz, J.
name: Halvorsen, M.
name: Leontis, N. B.
name: Laederach, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Nucleic acids are particularly amenable to structural characterization using chemical and enzymatic probes. Each individual structure mapping experiment reveals specific information about the structure and/or dynamics of the nucleic acid. Currently, there is no simple approach for making these data publically available in a standardized format. We therefore developed a standard for reporting the results of single nucleotide resolution nucleic acid structure mapping experiments, or SNRNASMs. We propose a schema for sharing nucleic acid chemical probing data that uses generic public servers for storing, retrieving, and searching the data. We have also developed a consistent nomenclature (ontology) within the Ontology of Biomedical Investigations (OBI), which provides unique identifiers (termed persistent URLs, or PURLs) for classifying the data. Links to standardized data sets shared using our proposed format along with a tutorial and links to templates can be found at http://snrnasm.bio.unc.edu.
Analyzing high-energy factorization beyond next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy
Creators: name: Del Duca, Vittorio
name: Falcioni, Giulio
name: Magnea, Lorenzo
name: Vernazza, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a complete and detailed study of the high-energy limit of four-parton scattering amplitudes in QCD, giving explicit results at two loops and higher orders, and going beyond next-to-leading logarithmic (NLL) accuracy. Building upon recent results, we use the techniques of infrared factorization to investigate the failure of the simplest form of Regge factorization, starting at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy (NNLL) in ln(s/|t|). We provide detailed accounts and explicit expressions for the terms responsible for this breaking in the case of two-loop and three-loop quark and gluon amplitudes in QCD; in particular, we recover and explain a known non-logarithmic double-pole contribution at two-loops, and we compute all non-factorizing single-logarithmic singular contributions at three loops. Conversely, we use high-energy factorization to show that the hard functions of infrared factorization vanish in d = 4 to all orders in the coupling, up to NLL accuracy in ln(s/|t|). This provides clear evidence for the infrared origin of high-energy logarithms. Finally, we extend earlier studies to t-channel exchanges of color representations beyond the octet, which enables us to give predictions based on the dipole formula for single-pole NLL contributions at three and four loops.
description: 48 pages
An RNAi screen identifies additional members of the Drosophila Integrator complex and a requirement for cyclin C/Cdk8 in snRNA 3'-end formation
Creators: name: Waltenspiel, B.
name: Marzluff, W. F.
name: Wagner, E. J.
name: Chen, J.
name: Ezzeddine, N.
name: Albrecht, T. R.
name: Warren, W. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Formation of the 3′ end of RNA polymerase II–transcribed snRNAs requires a poorly understood group of proteins called the Integrator complex. Here we used a fluorescence-based read-through reporter that expresses GFP in response to snRNA misprocessing and performed a genome-wide RNAi screen in Drosophila S2 cells to identify novel factors required for snRNA 3′-end formation. In addition to the known Integrator complex members, we identified Asunder and CG4785 as additional Integrator subunits. Functional and biochemical experiments revealed that Asunder and CG4785 are additional core members of the Integrator complex. We also identified a conserved requirement in both fly and human snRNA 3′-end processing for cyclin C and Cdk8 that is distinct from their function in the Mediator Cdk8 module. Moreover, we observed biochemical association between Integrator proteins and cyclin C/Cdk8, and that overexpression of a kinase-dead Cdk8 causes snRNA misprocessing. These data functionally define the Drosophila Integrator complex and demonstrate an additional function for cyclin C/Cdk8 unrelated to its function in Mediator.
Antihelical Edge States in Two-dimensional Photonic Topological Metals
Creators: name: Xie, L. C.
name: Jin, L.
name: Song, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological edge states are the core of topological photonics. Here we introduce the antihelical edge states of time-reversal symmetric topological metals and propose a photonic realization in an anisotropic square lattice of coupled ring resonators, where the clockwise and counterclockwise modes play the role of pseudospins. The antihelical edge states robustly propagate across the corners toward the diagonal of the square lattice: The same (opposite) pseudospins copropagate in the same (opposite) direction on the parallel lattice boundaries; the different pseudospins separate and converge at the opposite corners. The antihelical edge states in the topological metallic phase alter to the helical edge states in the topological insulating phase under a metal-insulator phase transition. The antihelical edge states provide a unique manner of topologically-protected robust light transport applicable for topological purification. Our findings create new opportunities for topological photonics and metamaterials.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Probing the roles of orientation and multi-scale gas distributions in shaping the obscuration of Active Galactic Nuclei through cosmic time
Creators: name: Alonso-Tetilla, Alba V.
name: Shankar, Francesco
name: Fontanot, Fabio
name: Menci, Nicola
name: Valentini, Milena
name: Buchner, Johannes
name: Laloux, Brivael
name: Lapi, Andrea
name: Puglisi, Annagrazia
name: Alexander, David M.
name: Allevato, Viola
name: Andonie, Carolina
name: Bonoli, Silvia
name: Hirschmann, Michaela
name: Lopez, Ivan E.
name: Raimundo, Sandra I.
name: Almeida, Cristina Ramos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of obscuration in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) is still an open debate. In particular, it is unclear what drives the relative contributions to the line-of-sight column densities from galaxy-scale and torus-linked obscuration. The latter source is expected to play a significant role in Unification Models, while the former is thought to be relevant in both Unification and Evolutionary Models. In this work, we make use of a combination of cosmological semi-analytic models and semi-empirical prescriptions for the properties of galaxies and AGN, to study AGN obscuration. We consider a detailed object-by-object modelling of AGN evolution, including different AGN light curves (LCs), gas density profiles, and also AGN feedback-induced gas cavities. Irrespective of our assumptions on specific AGN LC or galaxy gas fractions, we find that, on the strict assumption of an exponential profile for the gas component, galaxy-scale obscuration alone can hardly reproduce the fraction of $\log (N_{\rm H}/$cm$^{-2}) \geq 24$ sources at least at $z\lesssim3$. This requires an additional torus component with a thickness that decreases with luminosity to match the data. The torus should be present in all evolutionary stages of a visible AGN to be effective, although galaxy-scale gas obscuration may be sufficient to reproduce the obscured fraction with $22<\log (N_{\rm H}/$cm$^{-2})<24$ (Compton-thin, CTN) if we assume extremely compact gas disc components. The claimed drop of CTN fractions with increasing luminosity does not appear to be a consequence of AGN feedback, but rather of gas reservoirs becoming more compact with decreasing stellar mass.
description: MNRAS, accepted, 19 pages, 15 figures, 3 appendices
Homophily-oriented Heterogeneous Graph Rewiring
Creators: name: Guo, Jiayan
name: Du, Lun
name: Bi, Wendong
name: Fu, Qiang
name: Ma, Xiaojun
name: Chen, Xu
name: Han, Shi
name: Zhang, Dongmei
name: Zhang, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the rapid development of the World Wide Web (WWW), heterogeneous graphs (HG) have explosive growth. Recently, heterogeneous graph neural network (HGNN) has shown great potential in learning on HG. Current studies of HGNN mainly focus on some HGs with strong homophily properties (nodes connected by meta-path tend to have the same labels), while few discussions are made in those that are less homophilous. Recently, there have been many works on homogeneous graphs with heterophily. However, due to heterogeneity, it is non-trivial to extend their approach to deal with HGs with heterophily. In this work, based on empirical observations, we propose a meta-path-induced metric to measure the homophily degree of a HG. We also find that current HGNNs may have degenerated performance when handling HGs with less homophilous properties. Thus it is essential to increase the generalization ability of HGNNs on non-homophilous HGs. To this end, we propose HDHGR, a homophily-oriented deep heterogeneous graph rewiring approach that modifies the HG structure to increase the performance of HGNN. We theoretically verify HDHGR. In addition, experiments on real-world HGs demonstrate the effectiveness of HDHGR, which brings at most more than 10% relative gain.
description: Accepted by WWW 2023
The CoRoT discovery of a unique triple-mode cepheid in the galaxy
Creators: name: Poretti, Ennio
name: Baglin, Annie
name: Weiss, Werner W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exploitation of the CoRoT treasure of stars observed in the exoplanetary field allowed the detection of a unusual triple-mode Cepheid in the Milky Way, CoRoT 0223989566. The two modes with the largest amplitudes and period ratio of 0.80 are identified with the first (P1=1.29 d) and second (P2=1.03 d) radial overtones. The third period, which has the smallest amplitude but able to produce combination terms with the other two, is the longest one (P3=1.89 d). The ratio of 0.68 between the first-overtone period and the third period is the unusual feature. Its identification with the fundamental radial or a nonradial mode is discussed with respect to similar cases in the Magellanic Clouds. In both cases the period triplet and the respective ratios make the star unique in our Galaxy. The distance derived from the period-luminosity relation and the galactic coordinates put CoRoT~0223989566 in the metal-rich environment of the "outer arm" of the Milky Way.
description: Published as ApJ Letter
Graph-based multimodal multi-lesion DLBCL treatment response prediction from PET images
Creators: name: Thiery, Oriane
name: Rizkallah, Mira
name: Bailly, Clément
name: Bodet-Milin, Caroline
name: Itti, Emmanuel
name: Casasnovas, René-Olivier
name: Gouill, Steven Le
name: Carlier, Thomas
name: Mateus, Diana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) is a lymphatic cancer involving one or more lymph nodes and extranodal sites. Its diagnostic and follow-up rely on Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Computed Tomography (CT). After diagnosis, the number of nonresponding patients to standard front-line therapy remains significant (30-40%). This work aims to develop a computer-aided approach to identify high-risk patients requiring adapted treatment by efficiently exploiting all the information available for each patient, including both clinical and image data. We propose a method based on recent graph neural networks that combine imaging information from multiple lesions, and a cross-attention module to integrate different data modalities efficiently. The model is trained and evaluated on a private prospective multicentric dataset of 583 patients. Experimental results show that our proposed method outperforms classical supervised methods based on either clinical, imaging or both clinical and imaging data for the 2-year progression-free survival (PFS) classification accuracy.
Spin-valley relaxation and quantum transport regimes in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Ochoa, Hector
name: Finocchiaro, Francesca
name: Guinea, Francisco
name: Fal'ko, Vladimir I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum transport and spintronics regimes are studied in p- and n-doped atomic layers of hexagonal transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), subject to the interplay between the valley structure and spin-orbit coupling. We find how spin relaxation of carriers depends on their areal density and show that it vanishes for holes near the band edge, leading to the density-independent spin diffusion length, and we develop a theory of weak localisation/antilocalisation, describing the crossovers between the orthogonal, double-unitary and symplectic regimes of quantum transport in TMDCs.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
RNA-Puzzles: A CASP-like evaluation of RNA three-dimensional structure prediction
Creators: name: Patel, D. J.
name: Tuszynska, I.
name: Santalucia, J.
name: Das, R.
name: Ding, F.
name: Sripakdeevong, P.
name: Mikolajczak, K.
name: Cruz, J. A.
name: Dokholyan, N. V.
name: Puton, T.
name: Skorupski, M.
name: Bujnicki, J. M.
name: Rother, K.
name: Soltysinski, T.
name: Lisi, V.
name: Leontis, N. B.
name: Wildauer, M.
name: Serganov, A.
name: Cao, S.
name: Waldsich, C.
name: Lavender, C. A.
name: Weeks, K. M.
name: Sijenyi, F.
name: Major, F.
name: Blanchet, M.-F.
name: Flores, S. C.
name: Hermann, T.
name: Chen, S.-J.
name: Philips, A.
name: Boniecki, M.
name: Huang, L.
name: Rother, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: We report the results of a first, collective, blind experiment in RNA three-dimensional (3D) structure prediction, encompassing three prediction puzzles. The goals are to assess the leading edge of RNA structure prediction techniques; compare existing methods and tools; and evaluate their relative strengths, weaknesses, and limitations in terms of sequence length and structural complexity. The results should give potential users insight into the suitability of available methods for different applications and facilitate efforts in the RNA structure prediction community in ongoing efforts to improve prediction tools. We also report the creation of an automated evaluation pipeline to facilitate the analysis of future RNA structure prediction exercises.
Realization of DSR-relativistic symmetries in Finsler geometries
Creators: name: Amelino-Camelia, Giovanni
name: Barcaroli, Leonardo
name: Gubitosi, Giulia
name: Liberati, Stefano
name: Loret, Niccoló
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finsler geometry is a well known generalization of Riemannian geometry which allows to account for a possibly non trivial structure of the space of configurations of relativistic particles. We here establish a link between Finsler geometry and the sort of models with curved momentum space and DSR-relativistic symmetries which have been recently of interest in the quantum-gravity literature. We use as case study the much-studied scenario which is inspired by the $κ$-Poincaré quantum group, and show that the relevant deformation of relativistic symmetries can be implemented within a Finsler geometry.
title: Residential child care in Scotland : themes for practice since Another Kind of Home
Creators: name: Skinner, Angus
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2017

description: In this very personal account, Angus Skinner, former Chief Social Work Adviser to Scottish Ministers, and author of Another Kind of Home (1992), a review of residential child care in Scotland, considers enduring themes for practice and leadership. Along with good communication, good education, and training for staff and managers, he concludes that state care needs to develop the capacities to love and be loved.
Structural effects of linkage disequilibrium on the transcriptome
Creators: name: Davis-Neulander, L.
name: Laederach, A.
name: Ritz, J.
name: Halvorsen, M.
name: Beauregard, A.
name: Gopinath, C.
name: Martin, J. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: A majority of SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) map to noncoding and intergenic regions of the genome. Noncoding SNPs are often identified in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) as strongly associated with human disease. Two such disease-associated SNPs in the 5′ UTR of the human FTL (Ferritin Light Chain) gene are predicted to alter the ensemble of structures adopted by the mRNA. High-accuracy single nucleotide resolution chemical mapping reveals that these SNPs result in substantial changes in the structural ensemble in agreement with the computational prediction. Furthermore six rescue mutations are correctly predicted to restore the mRNA to its wild-type ensemble. Our data confirm that the FTL 5′ UTR is a “RiboSNitch,” an RNA that changes structure if a particular disease-associated SNP is present. The structural change observed is analogous to that of a bacterial Riboswitch in that it likely regulates translation. These data further suggest that specific pairs of SNPs in high linkage disequilibrium (LD) will form RNA structure-stabilizing haplotypes (SSHs). We identified 484 SNP pairs that form SSHs in UTRs of the human genome, and in eight of the 10 SSH-containing transcripts, SNP pairs stabilize RNA protein binding sites. The ubiquitous nature of SSHs in the transcriptome suggests that certain haplotypes are conserved to avoid RiboSNitch formation.
Correlated density-dependent chiral forces for infinite matter calculations within the Green's function approach
Creators: name: Carbone, Arianna
name: Rios, Arnau
name: Polls, Artur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of symmetric nuclear and pure neutron matter are investigated within an extended self-consistent Green's function method that includes the effects of three-body forces. We use the ladder approximation for the study of infinite nuclear matter and incorporate the three-body interaction by means of a density-dependent two-body force. This force is obtained via a correlated average over the third particle, with an in-medium propagator consistent with the many-body calculation we perform. We analyze different prescriptions in the construction of the average and conclude that correlations provide small modifications at the level of the density-dependent force. Microscopic as well as bulk properties are studied, focusing on the changes introduced by the density dependent two-body force. The total energy of the system is obtained by means of a modified Galitskii-Migdal-Koltun sum rule. Our results validate previously used uncorrelated averages and extend the availability of chirally motivated forces to a larger density regime.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures