cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Enhancement of Galaxy Overdensity around Quasar Pairs at z<3.6 based on the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program Survey
Creators: name: Onoue, Masafusa
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
name: Uchiyama, Hisakazu
name: Akiyama, Masayuki
name: Harikane, Yuichi
name: Imanishi, Masatoshi
name: Komiyama, Yutaka
name: Matsuoka, Yoshiki
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Nishizawa, Atsushi J.
name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Tanaka, Masayuki
name: Toba, Yoshiki
name: Toshikawa, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the galaxy overdensity around proto-cluster scale quasar pairs at high (z>3) and low (z~1) redshift based on the unprecedentedly wide and deep optical survey of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP). Using the first-year survey data covering effectively ~121 deg^2 with the 5sigma depth of i~26.4 and the SDSS DR12Q catalog, we find two luminous pairs at z~3.3 and 3.6 which reside in >5sigma overdense regions of g-dropout galaxies at i<25. The projected separations of the two pairs are R_perp=1.75 and 1.04 proper Mpc, and their velocity offsets are Delta V=692 and 1448 km s^{-1}, respectively. This result is in clear contrast to the average z~4 quasar environments as discussed in Uchiyama et al. (2017) and implies that the quasar activities of the pair members are triggered via major mergers in proto-clusters, unlike the vast majority of isolated quasars in general fields that may turn on via non-merger events such as bar and disk instabilities. At z~1, we find 37 pairs with R_perp<2 pMpc and Delta V<2300 km s^{-1} in the current HSC-Wide coverage, including four from Hennawi et al. (2006). The distribution of the peak overdensity significance within two arcminutes around the pairs has a long tail toward high density (>4sigma) regions. Thanks to the large sample size, we find a statistical evidence that this excess is unique to the pair environments when compared to single quasar and randomly selected galaxy environments at the same redshift range. Moreover, there are nine small-scale (R_perp<1 pMpc) pairs, two of which are found to reside in cluster fields. Our results demonstrate that <2 pMpc-scale quasar pairs at both redshift range tend to occur in massive haloes, although perhaps not the most massive ones, and that they are useful to search for rare density peaks.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures, 7 tables, accepted for publication in PASJ special issue
The Anatomy of a Turbulent Radiative Mixing Layer: Insights from an Analytic Model with Turbulent Conduction and Viscosity
Creators: name: Chen, Zirui
name: Fielding, Drummond B.
name: Bryan, Greg L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulent Radiative Mixing Layers (TRMLs) form at the interface of cold, dense gas and hot, diffuse gas in motion with each other. TRMLs are ubiquitous in and around galaxies on a variety of scales, including galactic winds and the circumgalactic medium. They host the intermediate temperature gases that are efficient in radiative cooling, thus play a crucial role in controlling the cold gas supply, phase structure, and spectral features of galaxies. In this work, we develop an intuitive analytic 1.5 dimensional model for TRMLs that includes a simple parameterization of the effective turbulent conductivity and viscosity and a piece-wise power-law cooling curve. Our analytic model reproduces the mass flux, total cooling, and phase structure of 3D simulations of TRMLs at a fraction of the computational cost. It also reveals essential insights into the physics of TRMLs, particularly the importance of the viscous dissipation of relative kinetic energy in balancing radiative cooling as the shear Mach number approaches unity. This dissipation takes place both in the intermediate temperature phase, which reduces the enthalpy flux from the hot phase, and in the cold phase, which enhances radiative cooling. Additionally, our model provides a fast and easy way of computing the column density and surface brightness of TRMLs, which can be directly linked to observations.
description: 32 pages, 22 figures. Published in ApJ, 22 June 2023
S1_Supplementary_Material.docx from Multivariate analysis of biologging data reveals the environmental determinants of diving behaviour in a marine reptile
Creators: name: Hounslow, Jenna L.
name: Fossette, Sabrina
name: Byrnes, Evan E.
name: Whiting, Scott D.
name: Lambourne, Renae N.
name: Armstrong, Nicola J.
name: Tucker, Anton D.
name: Richardson, Anthony R.
name: Gleiss, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Diving behaviour of ‘surfacers' such as sea snakes, cetaceans and turtles is complex and multi-dimensional, thus may be better captured by multi-sensor biologging data. However, analysing these large multi-faceted datasets remains challenging, though a high priority. We used high-resolution multi-sensor biologging data to provide the first detailed description of the environmental influences on flatback turtle (Natator depressus) diving behaviour, during its' foraging life-history stage. We developed an analytical method to investigate seasonal, diel and tidal effects on diving behaviour for 24 adult flatback turtles tagged with biologgers. We extracted 16 dive variables associated with three-dimensional and kinematic characteristics for 4128 dives. K-means and hierarchical cluster analyses failed to identify distinct dive types. Instead, principal component analysis objectively condensed the dive variables, removing collinearity and highlighting the main features of diving behaviour. Generalized additive mixed models of the main principal components identified significant seasonal, diel and tidal effects on flatback turtle diving behaviour. Flatback turtles altered their diving behaviour in response to extreme tidal and water temperature ranges, displaying thermoregulation and predator avoidance strategies while likely optimizing foraging in this challenging environment. This study demonstrates an alternative statistical technique for objectively interpreting diving behaviour from multivariate collinear data derived from biologgers.
Ultrahigh Charge Carrier Mobility in Nanotube Encapsulated Coronene Stack
Creators: name: Bag, Saientan
name: Maiti, Prabal K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Achieving high charge carrier mobility is the holy grail of organic electronics. In this letter we report a record charge carrier mobility of 14.93 cm$^2$ V$^{-1}$s$^{-1}$ through a coronene stack encapsulated in a single walled carbon nanotube (CNT) by using a multiscale modeling technique which combines MD simulations, first principle calculations and Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations. For the CNT having a diameter of 1.56 nm we find a highly ordered defect free organization of coronene molecules inside the CNT which is responsible for the high charge carrier mobility. The encapsulated coronene molecules are correlated with a large correlation length of $\sim $18 Å which is independent of the length of the coronene column. Our simulation further suggests that coronene molecules can spontaneously enter the CNT, suggesting that the encapsulation is experimentally realizable.
title: Amtliches Mitteilungsblatt der BTU Cottbus–Senftenberg, 2024, 29 (29.08.2024)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: BTU  Cottbus - Senftenberg
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke

description: Fünfte Änderungssatzung zur Allgemeinen Prüfungs- und Studienordnung für Bachelor-Studiengänge (RahmenO-BA) 

Lesefassung: Allgemeine Prüfungs- und Studienordnung für Bachelor-Studiengänge an der BTU Cottbus–Senftenberg (RahmenO-BA) vom 12. September 2016 i. d. F. der Fünften Änderungssatzung zur Allgemeine Prüfungs- und Studienordnung für Bachelor-Studiengänge an der BTU Cottbus–Senftenberg (RahmenO-BA) vom 27. August 2024
description: Amtliches Mitteilungsblatt der BTU Cottbus–Senftenberg; 2024, H.29
From direct detection to relic abundance: the case of proton-philic spin-dependent inelastic Dark Matter
Creators: name: Scopel, Stefano
name: Yu, Hyeonhye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss strategies to make inferences on the thermal relic abundance of a Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) when the same effective dimension-six operator that explains an experimental excess in direct detection is assumed to drive decoupling at freeze-out, and apply them to the proton-philic Spin-dependent Inelastic Dark Matter (pSIDM) scenario, a phenomenological set-up containing two states $χ_1$ and $χ_2$ with $m_{χ_2}>m_{χ_1}$ that we have shown in a previous paper to explain the DAMA effect in compliance with the constraints from other detectors. We update experimental constraints on pSIDM, extend the analysis to the most general spin-dependent momentum-dependent interactions allowed by non-relativistic Effective Field Theory (EFT), and consider for the WIMP velocity distribution in our Galaxy both a halo-independent approach and a standard Maxwellian. The problem of calculating the relic abundance by using direct detection data to fix the model parameters is affected by a strong sensitivity on $f(v)$ and by the degeneracy between the WIMP local density and the WIMP-nucleon scattering cross section. As a consequence, a DM direct detection experiment is not directly sensitive to the physical cut-off scale of the EFT, but on some dimensional combination that does not depend on the actual value of the relic abundance. However, such degeneracy can be used to develop a consistency test on the possibility that the WIMP is a thermal relic in the first place. When we apply it to the pSIDM scenario we find that only a WIMP with a standard spin-dependent interaction ${\cal O}_{spin}$ with quarks can be a thermal relic, for a galactic velocity distribution that departs from a Maxwellian. However all the $χ_2$ states must have already decayed today, and this requires some additional mechanism besides that provided by the ${\cal O}_{spin}$ operator.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures, updated to published version
Statistična pismenost
Creators: name: Slavec, Ana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: statistical literacy
statistics

description: Statistična pismenost je ključna veščina, ki omogoča razumevanje in interpretacijo strokovnih in drugih besedil, ki vsebujejo statistične podatke. V današnji družbi, ki temelji na podatkih, je izredno pomembno, da smo sposobni razumeti statistične informacije, saj na njihovi podlagi temeljijo številne odločitve. Predavanje bo predstavilo temeljna načela statistične pismenosti in zagotovilo praktične nasvete za branje in interpretacijo statističnih podatkov predstavljenih v obliki odstotkov, tabel in grafičnih prikazov. Obravnavali bomo pomembnost razumevanja vira in konteksta statističnih podatkov, vključno z velikostjo populacije in vzorčenja ter pojmom statistične značilnosti. Skozi primere bomo spoznali različne vrste statističnih podatkov ter ustrezne načine njihovega prikaza. Poleg tega bomo na predavanju spoznali pogoste pasti pri interpretaciji in prikazu statističnih podatkov. Nasploh bo predavanje poudarilo pomembnost statistične pismenosti v današnjem svetu in udeležencem zagotovilo praktične veščine za branje in interpretacijo statističnih podatkov. Udeleženci bodo pridobili temelje za izboljšanje svoje statistične pismenosti in s tem zmožnosti kritične presoje podatkov v besedilih.
Design, synthesis, apoptotic, and antiproliferative effects of 5-chloro-3- (2-methoxyvinyl)-indole-2-carboxamides and pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-ones as potent EGFRWT/EGFRT790M inhibitors
Creators: name: Al-Wahaibi, Lamya H.
name: Mohammed, Anber F.
name: Rahman, Fatema El-Zahraa S. Abdel
name: Abdelrahman, Mostafa H.
name: Gu, Xuyuan
name: Trembleau, Laurent
name: Youssif, Bahaa G. M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: A new series of indole-2-carboxamides 5a-g, 6a-f and pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-ones 7a and 7b have been developed as new antiproliferative agents that target both wild and mutant type EGFR. The antiproliferative effect of the new compounds was studied. 5c, 5d, 5f, 5 g, 6e, and 6f have the highest antiproliferative activity with GI50 values ranging from 29 nM to 47 nM in comparison to the reference erlotinib (GI50 = 33 nM). Compounds 5d, 5f, and 5 g inhibited EGFRWT with IC50 values ranging from 68 to 85 nM while the GI50 of erlotinib is 80 nM. Moreover, compounds 5f and 5 g had the most potent inhibitory activity against EGFRT790M with IC50 values of 9.5 ± 2 and 11.9 ± 3 nM, respectively, being equivalent to the reference osimertinib (IC50 = 8 ± 2 nM). Compounds 5f and 5 g demonstrated excellent caspase-3 protein overexpression levels of 560.2 ± 5.0 and 542.5 ± 5.0 pg/mL, respectively, being more active than the reference staurosporine (503.2 ± 4.0 pg/mL). they also increase the level of caspase 8, and Bax while decreasing the levels of anti-apoptotic Bcl2 protein. Computational docking studies supported the enzyme inhibition results and provided favourable dual binding modes for both compounds 5f and 5 g within EGFRWT and EGFRT790M active sites. Finally, in silico ADME/pharmacokinetic studies predict good safety and pharmacokinetic profile of the most active compounds.
Demonstration of Quantum Advantage in Microwave Quantum Radar
Creators: name: Assouly, Réouven
name: Dassonneville, Rémy
name: Peronnin, Théau
name: Bienfait, Audrey
name: Huard, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While quantum entanglement can enhance the performance of several technologies such as computing, sensing and cryptography, its widespread use is hindered by its sensitivity to noise and losses. Interestingly, even when entanglement has been destroyed, some tasks still exhibit a quantum advantage $Q$, defined by a $Q$-time speedup, over any classical strategies. A prominent example is the quantum radar, which enhances the detection of the presence of a target in noisy surroundings. To beat all classical strategies, Lloyd proposed to use a probe initially entangled with an idler that can be recombined and measured with the reflected probe. Observing any quantum advantage requires exploiting the quantum correlations between the probe and the idler. It involves their joint measurement or at least adapting the idler detection to the outcome of the probe measurement. In addition to successful demonstrations of such quantum illumination protocols at optical frequencies, the proposal of a microwave radar, closer to conventional radars, gathered a lot of interest. However, previous microwave implementations have not demonstrated any quantum advantage as probe and idler were always measured independently. In this work, we implement a joint measurement using a superconducting circuit and demonstrate a quantum advantage $Q>1$ for microwave radar. Storing the idler mitigates the detrimental impact of microwave loss on the quantum advantage, and the purity of the initial entangled state emerges as the next limit. While the experiment is a proof-of-principle performed inside a dilution refrigerator, it exhibits some of the inherent difficulties in implementing quantum radars such as the limited range of parameters where a quantum advantage can be observed or the requirement for very low probe and idler temperatures.
description: Supplementary Material included
Dirac Cone Pairs in Silicene Induced by Interface Si-Ag Hybridization: A First Principles Effective Band Study
Creators: name: Lian, Chao
name: Meng, Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using density functional theory combined with orbital-selective band unfolding techniques, we study the effective band structure of silicene($3\times3$)/Ag(111)($4\times4$) structure. Consistent with the ARPES spectra recently obtained by Feng et al. [Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 113, 14656 (2016)], we observe six pairs of Dirac cones near the boundary of the Brillouin zone (BZ) of Ag($1\times1$), while no Dirac cone is observed inside the BZ. Furthermore, we find that these Dirac cones are induced by the interfacial Si-Ag hybridization, mainly composed of Si p$_z$ orbitals and Ag sp bands, which is intrinsically different from the Dirac cones in freestanding silicene.
Promoting cultural regeneration and patriotic values learning in Childhood Education through children theatre and creative dramatics.pdf
Creators: name: Orji, Evelyn   Ijeoma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: It has been observed that cultural flaws and unpatriotic dispositions among youths and adults are flagships of Nigeria’s national question as seen in moral decadence and crimes and waves that impact national stability. Currently, the country is retrogressing, suffering disintegration and unsafe for business and humanity. Stakeholders in the educational sector are searching for individual and collective regeneration drives to address the national question towards achieving stability in Nigeria.
Polypolar spherical harmonic decomposition of galaxy correlators in redshift space: Toward testing cosmic rotational symmetry
Creators: name: Shiraishi, Maresuke
name: Sugiyama, Naonori S.
name: Okumura, Teppei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an efficient way to test rotational invariance in the cosmological perturbations by use of galaxy correlation functions. In symmetry-breaking cases, the galaxy power spectrum can have extra angular dependence in addition to the usual one due to the redshift-space distortion, $ \hat{k} \cdot \hat{n}$. We confirm that, via the decomposition into not the usual Legendre basis ${\cal L}_\ell(\hat{k} \cdot \hat{n})$ but the bipolar spherical harmonic one $\{Y_{\ell}(\hat{k}) \otimes Y_{\ell'}(\hat{n})\}_{LM}$, the symmetry-breaking signal can be completely distinguished from the usual isotropic one since the former yields nonvanishing $L \geq 1$ modes but the latter is confined to the $L = 0$ one. As a demonstration, we analyze the signatures due to primordial-origin symmetry breakings such as the well-known quadrupolar-type and dipolar-type power asymmetries and find nonzero $L = 2$ and $1$ modes, respectively. Fisher matrix forecasts of their constraints indicate that the $Planck$-level sensitivity could be achieved by the SDSS or BOSS-CMASS data, and an order-of-magnitude improvement is expected in a near future survey as PFS or Euclid by virtue of an increase in accessible Fourier mode. Our methodology is model-independent and hence applicable to the searches for various types of statistically anisotropic fluctuations.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables; version matching publication in PRD
15000 Ellipsoidal Binary Candidates in TESS: Orbital Periods, Binary Fraction, and Tertiary Companions
Creators: name: Green, Matthew J.
name: Maoz, Dan
name: Mazeh, Tsevi
name: Faigler, Simchon
name: Shahaf, Sahar
name: Gomel, Roy
name: El-Badry, Kareem
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a homogeneously-selected sample of 15779 candidate binary systems with main sequence primary stars and orbital periods shorter than 5 days. The targets were selected from TESS full-frame image lightcurves on the basis of their tidally-induced ellipsoidal modulation. Spectroscopic follow-up suggests a sample purity of $83 \pm 13$ per cent. Injection-recovery tests allow us to estimate our overall completeness as $28 \pm 3$ per cent with $P_\mathrm{orb} < 3$ days and to quantify our selection effects. We estimate that $39 \pm 4$ per cent of our sample are contact binary systems, and we disentangle the period distributions of the contact and detached binaries. We derive the orbital period distribution of the main sequence binary population at short orbital periods, finding a distribution continuous with the log-normal distribution previously found for solar-type stars at longer periods, but with a significant steepening at $P_\mathrm{orb} \lesssim 3$ days, and a pile-up of contact binaries at $P_\mathrm{orb} \approx 0.4$ days. Companions in the period range 1--5 days are found to be an order of magnitude more frequent around stars hotter than $\approx 6250 K$ (the Kraft break) when compared to cooler stars, suggesting that magnetic braking plays an important role in shaping the temperature and period distributions. We detect resolved tertiary companions to $9.0 \pm 0.2$ per cent of our binaries with a median separation of 3200 AU. The frequency of tertiary companions rises to $29 \pm 5$ per cent among the systems with the shortest ellipsoidal periods. This large binary sample with quantified selection effects will be a powerful resource for future studies of detached and contact binary systems with $P_\mathrm{orb} < 5$ days.
description: 30 pages, 24 figures, accepted to MNRAS (updated to peer-reviewed version)
Superscattering pattern shaping for radially anisotropic nanowires
Creators: name: Liu, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We achieve efficient shaping of superscattering by radially anisotropic nanowires relying on resonant multipolar interferences. It is shown that the radial anisotropy of refractive index can be employed to resonantly overlap electric and magnetic multipoles of various orders, and as a result effective superscattering with different engineered angular patterns can be obtained. We further demonstrate that such superscattering shaping relying on unusual radial anisotropy parameters can be directly realised with isotropic multi-layered nanowires, which may shed new light to many fundamental researches and various applications related to scattering particles.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, and comments are welcome
Capturing ultrafast magnetic dynamics by time-resolved soft x-ray magnetic circular dichroism
Creators: name: Takubo, Kou
name: Yamamoto, Kohei
name: Hirata, Yasuyuki
name: Yokoyama, Yuichi
name: Kubota, Yuya
name: Yamamoto, Shingo
name: Yamamoto, Susumu
name: Matsuda, Iwao
name: Shin, Shik
name: Seki, Takeshi
name: Takanashi, Koki
name: Wadati, Hiroki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments of time-resolved x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (Tr-XMCD) and resonant x-ray scattering at a beamline BL07LSU in SPring-8 with a time-resolution of under 50 ps are presented. A micro-channel plate is utilized for the Tr-XMCD measurements at nearly normal incidence both in the partial electron and total fluorescence yield (PEY and TFY) modes at the L2,3 absorption edges of the 3d transition-metals in the soft x-ray region. The ultrafast photo-induced demagnetization within 50 ps is observed on the dynamics of a magnetic material of FePt thin film, having a distinct threshold of the photon density. The spectrum in the PEY mode is less-distorted both at the L2,3 edges compared with that in the TFY mode and has the potential to apply the sum rule analysis for XMCD spectra in pump-probed experiments.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
SHARP: A Spatially Higher-order, Relativistic Particle-in-Cell Code
Creators: name: Shalaby, Mohamad
name: Broderick, Avery E.
name: Chang, Philip
name: Pfrommer, Christoph
name: Lamberts, Astrid
name: Puchwein, Ewald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical heating in particle-in-cell (PIC) codes currently precludes the accurate simulation of cold, relativistic plasma over long periods, severely limiting their applications in astrophysical environments. We present a spatially higher-order accurate relativistic PIC algorithm in one spatial dimension, which conserves charge and momentum exactly. We utilize the smoothness implied by the usage of higher-order interpolation functions to achieve a spatially higher-order accurate algorithm (up to fifth order). We validate our algorithm against several test problems -- thermal stability of stationary plasma, stability of linear plasma waves, and two-stream instability in the relativistic and non-relativistic regimes. Comparing our simulations to exact solutions of the dispersion relations, we demonstrate that SHARP can quantitatively reproduce important kinetic features of the linear regime. Our simulations have a superior ability to control energy non-conservation and avoid numerical heating in comparison to common second-order schemes. We provide a natural definition for convergence of a general PIC algorithm: the complement of physical modes captured by the simulation, i.e., those that lie above the Poisson noise, must grow commensurately with the resolution. This implies that it is necessary to simultaneously increase the number of particles per cell and decrease the cell size. We demonstrate that traditional ways for testing for convergence fail, leading to plateauing of the energy error. This new PIC code enables us to faithfully study the long-term evolution of plasma problems that require absolute control of the energy and momentum conservation.
description: 26 pages, 19 figures, discussion about performance is added, published in ApJ
Dopant network processing units as tuneable extreme learning machines
Creators: name: B. van de Ven
name: U. Alegre-Ibarra
name: P. J. Lemieszczuk
name: P. A. Bobbert
name: H.-C. Ruiz Euler
name: W. G. van der Wiel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Inspired by the highly efficient information processing of the brain, which is based on the chemistry and physics of biological tissue, any material system and its physical properties could in principle be exploited for computation. However, it is not always obvious how to use a material system’s computational potential to the fullest. Here, we operate a dopant network processing unit (DNPU) as a tuneable extreme learning machine (ELM) and combine the principles of artificial evolution and ELM to optimise its computational performance on a non-linear classification benchmark task. We find that, for this task, there is an optimal, hybrid operation mode (“tuneable ELM mode”) in between the traditional ELM computing regime with a fixed DNPU and linearly weighted outputs (“fixed-ELM mode”) and the regime where the outputs of the non-linear system are directly tuned to generate the desired output (“direct-output mode”). We show that the tuneable ELM mode reduces the number of parameters needed to perform a formant-based vowel recognition benchmark task. Our results emphasise the power of analog in-matter computing and underline the importance of designing specialised material systems to optimally utilise their physical properties for computation.

Data Sheet: https://zenodo.org/records/13463545
State-driven Hate Speech: From Nazi Germany to Date
Creators: name: Marsili, Marco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: state violence
public speech
hate crime
genocide
ethnic cleansing
freedom of expression
religious freedom
Srebrenica
extremism
violent extremism
Uyghurs
Shoa
holocaust
Nazis
Nazi Germany
Rwanda genocide
Rohingya
Myanmar
Cambodia
Khmer Rouge
Ukraine
Jewish
Bosnia
freedom of speech
freedom of information
fundamental rights
human rights
christians
propaganda
cognitive warfare
censorship
darfur
sudan
tutsi

description: Legal definitions of hate speech vary from country to country and is matter of both civil law and criminal law (hate crime). It is generally intended as a public speech that expresses hate or encourages violence towards a person or group based on something such as race, skin, colour, national origin, ethnicity, sex, gender identity, disability, religion, or sexual orientation. Nazi Germany is an instructive example of how far the hateful and extremist speech can go. The hate speech towards Jews – which comes from far away, at least from the Middle Ages – has never subsided, and is fueled by the confrontation with the Palestinians and the Arabs. On the other hand, over the last decade jihadist terrorism has triggered a wave of islamophobia in Europe, the biggest one after clash between Christians and Muslims in Middle Ages. Alongside situations that have grabbed the headlines and the attention of the world public opinion, there are "regional" issues of no less importance. The hate speech supports the ethnic cleansing – genocide for some – of the Muslim minorities in Myanmar (Rohingya), in Xinjiang, China (Uyghurs, a Turkic-speaking ethnic group, and other ethnic and religious minorities), and of Darfuri during the conflict in Western Sudan (2003-ongoing). In neighbouring India, the Hindu nationalists spread hate speech and incite violence against the Muslim community and other minorities. There are historical precedents, of which the Holocaust is the best known, showing that hate speech can be a precursor to atrocity crimeson a wider scale, including genocide, from Rwanda (1994, against the Tutsi) to Bosnia (1995, more than 7,000 Bosnian Muslim killed by Bosnian Serb forces in Srebrenica, Bosnia-Herzegovina) to Cambodia (1975-1979, in which approximately 1.7 million people, 21% of the country's population, were killed by the Communist group known as the Khmer Rouge). The present Russian question generates two-way hatred with Ukraine and the West, fueled by deep faking propaganda and cognitive warfare. This paper aims to shed light on the state-driven hate speech which is going on in some countries.
description: Book of abstracts edited by Nelu Burcea & Liberato C. Bautista, ISBN 978-1-945298-50-9, available here: https://religiousfreedom.education/book-of-abstracts/
The "what", "how" and "why" South African primary school teachers are using information communication and technology (ICTs) in their classrooms for assessment purposes and the challenges they experience
Creators: name: Graham, Marien
name: Matlala, Dikeledi
name: Roux, Karen
Publisher: name: University of Pretoria
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 390402
subject: Education assessment and evaluation

description: The field of Education has undergone a significant transformation through the integration of Information Communication and Technology (ICTs), leading to improvements in assessment. Within South African schools, the varied digital competencies highlight an essential requirement for educators to augment their skills and cultivate innovative approaches to assessment. This research delved into the preparedness of South African primary school teachers to employ ICT for assessment in English first additional language, mathematics, and natural science classrooms. Utilising the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology model (UTAUT) as a guiding framework, the study explored teachers' behavioural intentions, usage patterns, and acceptance levels in relation to the incorporation of ICT for assessment. Employing a mixed-method approach within a pragmatist paradigm, a self-developed survey was administered to primary school teachers possessing a minimum of five years of teaching experience, ensuring the survey's reliability and validity. In this study, the questions of (i) what ICTs are South African teachers using in their classrooms for assessment purposes, (ii) how are they using it, (iii) why are they using the ones they are using and (iv) what challenges do they experience relating to ICT integration in their classrooms for assessment purposes. The results and findings of this study have been disseminated on various platforms (various journal articles, conference presentations, and MEd dissertation). The reason for dissemination in various journals and platforms is due to the size of the study, which included, amongst other things, advanced statistical analyses such as Structural Equation Modelling (quantitative data) and thematic analysis (qualitative data).
This SPSS file contains both the quantitative data (variable type = numeric) and the qualitative data (variable type = string) of the study. The user will need SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) to open the data set. SPSS version 29 was used to analyse the data. 
Fermion confinement via Quantum Walks in 2D+1 and 3D+1 spacetime
Creators: name: Marquez-Martin, I.
name: Di Molfetta, G.
name: Perez, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the properties of a two and three dimensional quantum walk that are inspired by the idea of a brane-world model put forward by Rubakov and Shaposhnikov [1]. In that model, particles are dynamically confined on the brane due to the interaction with a scalar field. We translated this model into an alternate quantum walk with a coin that depends on the external field, with a dependence which mimics a domain wall solution. As in the original model, fermions (in our case, the walker), become localized in one of the dimensions, not from the action of a random noise on the lattice (as in the case of Anderson localization), but from a regular dependence in space. On the other hand, the resulting quantum walk can move freely along the "ordinary" dimension.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Boer-Mulders function of pion meson and $q_T$-weighted $\cos2ϕ$ asymmetry in the unpolarized $π^- p$ Drell-Yan at COMPASS
Creators: name: Wang, Zhengxian
name: Wang, Xiaoyu
name: Lu, Zhun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the two leading-twist transverse momentum dependent distribution functions of the pion meson, the unpolarized distribution $f_{1π}(x,\bm{k}^2_T)$ and the Boer-Mulders function $h_{1π}^\perp (x,\bm{k}^2_T)$, using the pion wave functions derived from a light-cone approach. The evolution effect of the first $\bm k_T$-moment of the pion Boer-Mulders function is studied by employing an approximate evolution kernel. Using the model resulting distributions, we predict the transverse momentum weighted $\cos2ϕ$ azimuthal asymmetry in the unpolarized $π^- p$ Drell-Yan process which can be measured at COMPASS in the near future.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, match the version published in PRD
$f(R)$ constant-roll inflation
Creators: name: Motohashi, Hayato
name: Starobinsky, Alexei A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The previously introduced class of two-parametric phenomenological inflationary models in General Relativity in which the slow-roll assumption is replaced by the more general, constant-roll condition is generalized to the case of $f(R)$ gravity. A simple constant-roll condition is defined in the original Jordan frame, and exact expressions for a scalaron potential in the Einstein frame, for a function $f(R)$ (in the parametric form) and for inflationary dynamics are obtained. The region of the model parameters permitted by the latest observational constraints on the scalar spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio of primordial metric perturbations generated during inflation is determined.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures; added Fig. 2 and Appendix, matches published version
General entropic constraints on CSS codes within magic distillation protocols
Creators: name: Alexander, Rhea
name: Gvirtz-Chen, Si
name: Koukoulekidis, Nikolaos
name: Jennings, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magic states are fundamental building blocks on the road to fault-tolerant quantum computing. CSS codes play a crucial role in the construction of magic distillation protocols. Previous work has cast quantum computing with magic states for odd dimension $d$ within a phase space setting in which universal quantum computing is described by the statistical mechanics of quasiprobability distributions. Here we extend this framework to the important $d=2$ qubit case and show that we can exploit common structures in CSS circuits to obtain distillation bounds capable of out-performing previous monotone bounds in regimes of practical interest. Moreover, in the case of CSS code projections, we arrive at a novel cut-off result on the code length $n$ of the CSS code in terms of parameters characterising a desired distillation, which implies that for fixed target error rate and acceptance probability, one needs only consider CSS codes below a threshold number of qubits. These entropic constraints are not due simply to the data-processing inequality but rely explicitly on the stochastic representation of such protocols.
description: 34 pages, 7 figures. Comments welcome! v2 clarifies the definition of CSS circuits and completes the proof that all CSS magic distillation protocols can be decomposed in terms of CSS code projections; v3 clarifies that our upper bounds are constraints on any code projection protocol able to carry out a desired distillation process, and are not proof that such a protocol exists
title: Veterinary student competence and confidence in calving cows after simulator training in a blended learning approach
Creators: name: Orr, Jayne
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023

description: New veterinary graduates are challenged by problem calvings often presenting as emergencies out of hours when support might not be readily on hand despite veterinary accrediting bodies stating that calving a cow is a day one competence. Simulation has been increasingly used in veterinary education and there are numerous reports of its success. Integrating simulation into the curriculum using a blended approach with online material has more limited evidence within the literature. The main aim of this study was to explore whether student confidence levels (CL) and competence (CO) in calving cows are enhanced by a blended learning approach. Over three academic study years, 347 eligible fourth year veterinary students were allocated to one of four teaching groups: lectures only (LEC, n = 60) computer assisted learning (CAL, n = 59), calving model simulator (SIM, n = 96) and CAL&SIM (n = 85). Students were asked to complete a questionnaire (before and after teaching) and were also assessed in a formative calving OSCE. For CL, students self-rated with higher confidence after exposure to the SIM (42.3, 95% CI 40.9 – 43.8) alone or blended with the CAL (44.3, 95% CI 42.8 – 45.7) when compared to both the LEC (33.3, 95% CI 31.2 – 35.5) and CAL (35.4, 95% CI 33.5 – 37.4). Multiple logistic regression identified teaching group as influencing overall CL after teaching. For CO, the proportion of pass and excellent students in the LEC teaching group (40%) was lower compared to all other teaching groups (CAL 73%, SIM 84%, CAL&SIM 87%). Regression identified that teaching group and OSCE assessor influenced OSCE pass rates. In conclusion, the implementation of a SIM as part of a blended learning approach when teaching students how to calve cows has a very positive impact on self-assessed student confidence and on competence assessed by a formative OSCE exam.
Taking into Account the Centre-of-Mass Correlations in the Cross Sections for Elastic Scattering of Intermediate Energy Protons on the Exotic Nuclei $^6$He and $^8$He
Creators: name: Alkhazov, G. D.
name: Sarantsev, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the differential cross sections for proton elastic scattering on the exotic halo nuclei $^6$He and $^8$He at energies around $\sim$0.7 GeV at the momentum transfers squared up to 0.30 (GeV/$c$)$^2$ and investigate the influence of the nucleon centre-of-mass correlations on the calculated cross sections. In particular, we show that the approximate account of the centre-of-mass correlations used previously considerably overestimates the cross sections at high values of the momentum transfer.
description: Comments: 12 pages, 2 figures. Submitted to Physics of Atomic Nuclei
Constraining dark photon model with dark matter from CMB spectral distortions
Creators: name: Choi, Ki-Young
name: Kadota, Kenji
name: Park, Inwoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many extensions of Standard Model (SM) include a dark sector which can interact with the SM sector via a light mediator. We explore the possibilities to probe such a dark sector by studying the distortion of the CMB spectrum from the blackbody shape due to the elastic scatterings between the dark matter and baryons through a hidden light mediator. We in particular focus on the model where the dark sector gauge boson kinetically mixes with the SM and present the future experimental prospect for a PIXIE-like experiment along with its comparison to the existing bounds from complementary terrestrial experiments.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
ЯРАЛИ КОЛИТДА МОЯКЛАРДАГИ МОРФОЛОГИК ВА МОРФОМЕТРИК ЎЗГАРИШЛАР
Creators: name: Болтаев, Ферузбек
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Тажрибада чақирилган ярали колит билан касалланган оқ зотсиз каламушларда мояклардаги  морфологик ва морфометрик ўзгаришларни ўрганиш (адабиётлар шарҳи асосида).
WP8: Future TP risks and mitigation emission pathways
Creators: name: Mathison, Camilla
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This presentation was part of the TipESM Kick-off Meeting which was held from 23 – 24 January 2024 in Copenhagen hosted by the Danish Meteorological Institute as well as online.

Date: 23 January 2024

Presenter: Camilla Mathison (Met Office UK)

Find the agenda overview of the TipESM Kick-off Meeting here.
Privacy Engineering in the Wild: Understanding the Practitioners' Mindset, Organisational Aspects, and Current Practices
Creators: name: Iwaya, Leonardo Horn
name: Babar, Muhammad Ali
name: Rashid, Awais
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Privacy engineering, as an emerging field of research and practice, comprises the technical capabilities and management processes needed to implement, deploy, and operate privacy features and controls in working systems. For that, software practitioners and other stakeholders in software companies need to work cooperatively toward building privacy-preserving businesses and engineering solutions. Significant research has been done to understand the software practitioners' perceptions of information privacy, but more emphasis should be given to the uptake of concrete privacy engineering components. This research delves into the software practitioners' perspectives and mindset, organisational aspects, and current practices on privacy and its engineering processes. A total of 30 practitioners from nine countries and backgrounds were interviewed, sharing their experiences and voicing their opinions on a broad range of privacy topics. The thematic analysis methodology was adopted to code the interview data qualitatively and construct a rich and nuanced thematic framework. As a result, we identified three critical interconnected themes that compose our thematic framework for privacy engineering "in the wild": (1) personal privacy mindset and stance, categorised into practitioners' privacy knowledge, attitudes and behaviours; (2) organisational privacy aspects, such as decision-power and positive and negative examples of privacy climate; and, (3) privacy engineering practices, such as procedures and controls concretely used in the industry. Among the main findings, this study provides many insights about the state-of-the-practice of privacy engineering, pointing to a positive influence of privacy laws (e.g., EU General Data Protection Regulation) on practitioners' behaviours and organisations' cultures. Aspects such as organisational privacy culture and climate were also confirmed to have [...].
description: 26 pages, 8 figures
Low-Dose CT with a Residual Encoder-Decoder Convolutional Neural Network (RED-CNN)
Creators: name: Chen, Hu
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Kalra, Mannudeep K.
name: Lin, Feng
name: Chen, Yang
name: Liao, Peixi
name: Zhou, Jiliu
name: Wang, Ge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given the potential X-ray radiation risk to the patient, low-dose CT has attracted a considerable interest in the medical imaging field. The current main stream low-dose CT methods include vendor-specific sinogram domain filtration and iterative reconstruction, but they need to access original raw data whose formats are not transparent to most users. Due to the difficulty of modeling the statistical characteristics in the image domain, the existing methods for directly processing reconstructed images cannot eliminate image noise very well while keeping structural details. Inspired by the idea of deep learning, here we combine the autoencoder, the deconvolution network, and shortcut connections into the residual encoder-decoder convolutional neural network (RED-CNN) for low-dose CT imaging. After patch-based training, the proposed RED-CNN achieves a competitive performance relative to the-state-of-art methods in both simulated and clinical cases. Especially, our method has been favorably evaluated in terms of noise suppression, structural preservation and lesion detection.
description: Accepted by IEEE TMI
Optical properties and corrosion resistance of Ti2AlC, Ti3AlC2, and Cr2AlC as candidates for Concentrated Solar Power receivers
Creators: name: Azina, Clio
name: Badie, Sylvain
name: Litnovsky, Andrey
name: Silvestroni, Laura
name: Sani, Elisa
name: Gonzalez-Julian, Jesus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New generation concentrated solar power (CSP) plants require new solar receiver materials with selective optical properties and excellent corrosion resistance against molten salts. MAX phases are promising materials for CSP applications due to their optical properties and resistance to thermal shocks. Herein, we report a solar absorptance >/= 0.5 and a thermal emittance of 0.17-0.31 between 600 and 1500 K for Cr2AlC, Ti2AlC, and Ti3AlC2. These compositions were also exposed to solar salt corrosion at 600°C for up to 4 weeks. Cr2AlC exhibited superior corrosion resistance due to the formation of a protective nanometric layer.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, 1 table