cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Piezoelectric properties of substitutionally doped $β$-Ga$_2$O$_3$
Creators: name: Li, Lijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern semiconductor materials are increasingly used in multidisciplinary systems demonstrating cross-interactions between mechanical strains and electronic potentials, which gives rise to ubiquitous applications in high sensitivity, self-powered sensor devices. One of fundamental prerequisites for such semiconductor materials to exhibit piezoelectric properties is the noncentrosymmetry of the crystal structures. $β$-Ga$_2$O$_3$ has been an emerging compound semiconductor material due to its ultra-wide bandgap. However the pristine $β$-Ga$_2$O$_3$ has an inversion center, displaying no piezoelectric effect. This work discovered that substitutionally doped $β$-Ga$_2$O$_3$ possesses piezoelectric property by using first principles method, while majority of previous research on its substitutional doping has been focusing on the purposes of increasing electrical conductivity and formation of the semiconductor heterojunctions. More interestingly, it is unveiled from this work that the formation energy has a clear relation with the piezoelectric coefficient.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Comparative Study of Sampling-Based Simulation Costs of Noisy Quantum Circuits
Creators: name: Hakkaku, Shigeo
name: Fujii, Keisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noise in quantum operations often negates the advantage of quantum computation. However, most classical simulations of quantum computers calculate the ideal probability amplitudes either storing full state vectors or using sophisticated tensor network contractions. Here, we investigate sampling-based classical simulation methods for noisy quantum circuits. Specifically, we characterize the simulation costs of two major schemes, stabilizer-state sampling of magic states and Heisenberg propagation, for quantum circuits being subject to stochastic Pauli noise, such as depolarizing and dephasing noise. To this end, we introduce several techniques for the stabilizer-state sampling to reduce the simulation costs under such noise. It revealed that in the low noise regime, stabilizer-state sampling results in a smaller sampling cost, while Heisenberg propagation is better in the high noise regime. Furthermore, for a high depolarizing noise rate $\sim 10\%$, these methods provide better scaling compared to that given by the low-rank stabilizer decomposition. We believe that these knowledge of classical simulation costs is useful to squeeze possible quantum advantage on near-term noisy quantum devices as well as efficient classical simulation methods.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures. v3: minor corrections, published version
Das Treffen unierter Kirchen in Toronto vom 2. bis 9. Juni 1975
Creators: name: Löwe, Hartmut
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 24 Nr. 4 (1975): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 24, Heft 4
Stress and large-scale spatial structures in dense, driven granular flows
Creators: name: Ferguson, Allison
name: Chakraborty, Bulbul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the appearance of large-scale dynamical heterogeneities in a simplified model of a driven, dissipative granular system. Simulations of steady-state gravity-driven flows of inelastically colliding hard disks show the formation of large-scale linear structures of particles with a high collision frequency. These chains can be shown to carry much of the collisional stress in the system due to a dynamical correlation that develops between the momentum transfer and time between collisions in these "frequently-colliding" particles. The lifetime of these dynamical stress heterogeneities is seen to grow as the flow velocity decreases towards jamming, leading to slowly decaying stress correlations reminiscent of the slow dynamics observed in supercooled liquids.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
DAIRY GRAZING FINANCES IN 4 GREAT LAKES STATES 2000
Creators: name: Nott, Sherrill B.
name: Nott, Sherrill B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate possible outcomes and problems of merging farm data sets from multiple states in order to build a statistically sound body of financial information that will help individual farmers analyze their own situations. This paper is in support of a grant titled "Regional/Multi-State Interpretation of Small Farm Financial Data" recently funded by USDA - IFAFS - Farm Efficiency and Profitability. Financial data sets came from dairy farms using management intensive grazing (MIG) strategies during 2000. They included 1 farm from Indiana, 11 farms from Michigan, 8 farms from Ohio and 13 farms from Wisconsin. Finpack and RankEm 2 were used to process the data from all farms, because the Finpack software had been used to collect the farm level data. Definitions and formulas are not given in this paper as they can be found in Finpack users' guides and manuals. The averages for all 33 farms are given in Tables 1 through 10. Calculations were made using only current market values from the balance sheets because many farms did not supply cost basis information. The averages for farms with less than 80 milk cows are given in Tables 11 through 20. Averages for farms with over 80 cows are in Tables 21 through 30. The size ranges in the two groups were picked so about equal numbers of farms would be in each group. Cows per group, average milk production levels, and milk prices received are in Table 31 on the last page. Similar financial data on dairy graziers in New York can be found in Intensive Grazing Farms, New York, 2000, a Dairy Farm Business Summary by George Conneman et al, E.B. 2001-13, Sept. 2001, 46 pp. It is available from Cornell's Department of Applied Economics and Management.
Bright, months-long stellar outbursts announce the explosion of interaction-powered supernovae
Creators: name: Strotjohann, Nora L.
name: Ofek, Eran O.
name: Gal-Yam, Avishay
name: Bruch, Rachel
name: Schulze, Steve
name: Shaviv, Nir
name: Sollerman, Jesper
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Yaron, Ofer
name: Fremling, Christoffer
name: Nordin, Jakob
name: Kool, Erik C.
name: Perley, Dan A.
name: Ho, Anna Y. Q.
name: Yang, Yi
name: Yao, Yuhan
name: Soumagnac, Maayane T.
name: Graham, Melissa L.
name: Barbarino, Cristina
name: Tartaglia, Leonardo
name: De, Kishalay
name: Goldstein, Daniel A.
name: Cook, David O.
name: Brink, Thomas G.
name: Taggart, Kirsty
name: Yan, Lin
name: Lunnan, Ragnhild
name: Kasliwal, Mansi
name: Kulkarni, Shri R.
name: Nugent, Peter E.
name: Masci, Frank J.
name: Rosnet, Philippe
name: Adams, Scott M.
name: Andreoni, Igor
name: Bagdasaryan, Ashot
name: Bellm, Eric C.
name: Burdge, Kevin
name: Duev, Dmitry A.
name: Dugas, Alison
name: Frederick, Sara
name: Goldwasser, Samantha
name: Hankins, Matthew
name: Irani, Ido
name: Karambelkar, Viraj
name: Kupfer, Thomas
name: Liang, Jingyi
name: Neill, James D.
name: Porter, Michael
name: Riddle, Reed L.
name: Sharma, Yashvi
name: Short, Phil
name: Taddia, Francesco
name: Tzanidakis, Anastasios
name: van Roestel, Jan
name: Walters, Richard
name: Zhuang, Zhuyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interaction-powered supernovae (SNe) explode within an optically-thick circumstellar medium (CSM) that could be ejected during eruptive events. To identify and characterize such pre-explosion outbursts we produce forced-photometry light curves for 196 interacting SNe, mostly of Type IIn, detected by the Zwicky Transient Facility between early 2018 and June 2020. Extensive tests demonstrate that we only expect a few false detections among the 70,000 analyzed pre-explosion images after applying quality cuts and bias corrections. We detect precursor eruptions prior to 18 Type IIn SNe and prior to the Type Ibn SN2019uo. Precursors become brighter and more frequent in the last months before the SN and month-long outbursts brighter than magnitude -13 occur prior to 25% (5 - 69%, 95% confidence range) of all Type IIn SNe within the final three months before the explosion. With radiative energies of up to $10^{49}\,\text{erg}$, precursors could eject $\sim1\,\text{M}_\odot$ of material. Nevertheless, SNe with detected precursors are not significantly more luminous than other SNe IIn and the characteristic narrow hydrogen lines in their spectra typically originate from earlier, undetected mass-loss events. The long precursor durations require ongoing energy injection and they could, for example, be powered by interaction or by a continuum-driven wind. Instabilities during the neon and oxygen burning phases are predicted to launch precursors in the final years to months before the explosion; however, the brightest precursor is 100 times more energetic than anticipated.
Electronic Supplementary Material from A reversal in sensory processing accompanies ongoing ecological divergence and speciation in Rhagoletis pomonella
Creators: name: Tait, Cheyenne
name: Hinal Kharva
name: Schubert, Marco
name: Kritsch, Daniel
name: Sombke, Andy
name: Rybak, Jürgen
name: Feder, Jeffrey L.
name: Olsson, Shannon B.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: This is the main supplemental file, with extended methods and supplementary figures and tables showing additional data replicates that are referred to in the main document's text.
PUBLIC OPINIONS ABOUT FARMLAND AND FARMLAND PRESERVATION: RESULTS FROM A SURVEY IN KENT COUNTY, MICHIGAN
Creators: name: Norris, Patricia E.
name: Deaton, Brady J.
name: Norris, Patricia E.
name: Deaton, Brady J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Retention of agricultural land has become a principal goal for Michigan and its local governments. Purchase of Development Rights is one farmland preservation policy option being considered by many local units of government. Maximizing the benefits from such a program requires an understanding of why the public is interested in farmland preservation. The type and magnitude of benefit will differ depending upon which land is targeted for preservation. This paper reports the results of a survey conducted to ask residents of Kent County, Michigan, what characteristics of farmland are important and how farmland preservation programs should be targeted. The survey also asked whether respondents would support farmland preservation. Results indicate that characteristics of farmland do matter and that support of a farmland preservation program is likely driven by program cost.
Thermally activated charge carriers and mid-infrared optical excitations in quarter-filled CDW systems
Creators: name: Kupcic, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical properties of the quarter-filled single-band CDW systems have been reexamined in the model with the electron-phonon coupling related to the variations of electron site energies. It appears that the indirect, electron-mediated coupling between phase phonons and external electromagnetic fields vanishes for symmetry reasons, at variance with the infrared selection rules used in the generally accepted microscopic theory. It is shown that the phase phonon modes and the electric fields couple directly, with the coupling constant proportional to the magnitude of the charge-density wave. The single-particle contributions to the optical conductivity tensor are determined for the ordered CDW state and the related weakly doped metallic state by means of the Bethe--Salpeter equations for elementary electron-hole excitations. It turns out that this gauge-invariant approach establishes a clear connection between the effective numbers of residual, thermally activated and bound charge carriers. Finally, the relation between these numbers and the activation energy of dc conductivity and the optical CDW gap scale is explained in the way consistent with the conductivity sum rules.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
MUSCLE-UPS: Improved Approximations of the Matter Field with the Extended Press-Schechter Formalism and Lagrangian Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Tosone, Federico
name: Neyrinck, Mark C.
name: Granett, Benjamin R.
name: Guzzo, Luigi
name: Vittorio, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lagrangian algorithms to simulate the evolution of cold dark matter (CDM) are invaluable tools to generate large suites of mock halo catalogues. In this paper, we first show that the main limitation of current semi-analytical schemes to simulate the displacement of CDM is their inability to model the evolution of overdensities in the initial density field, a limit that can be circumvented by detecting halo particles in the initial conditions. We thus propose `MUltiscale Spherical Collapse Lagrangian Evolution Using Press-Schechter' (muscle-ups), a new scheme that reproduces the results from Lagrangian perturbation theory on large scales, while improving the modelling of overdensities on small scales. In muscle-ups, we adapt the extended Press and Schechter (EPS) formalism to Lagrangian algorithms of the displacement field. For regions exceeding a collapse threshold in the density smoothed at a radius $R$, we consider all particles within a radius $R$ collapsed. Exploiting a multi-scale smoothing of the initial density, we build a halo catalogue on the fly by optimizing the selection of halo candidates. This allows us to generate a density field with a halo mass function that matches one measured in $N$-body simulations. We further explicitly gather particles in each halo together in a profile, providing a numerical, Lagrangian-based implementation of the halo model. Compared to previous semi-analytical Lagrangian methods, we find that muscle-ups improves the recovery of the statistics of the density field at the level of the probability density function (PDF), the power spectrum, and the cross correlation with the $N$-body result.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures. Modest changes to the text to match the referee's comments, results unchanged. Comments are welcome
Supplementary 3D PDF s1: The major compartments of the R. pomonella brain from A reversal in sensory processing accompanies ongoing ecological divergence and speciation in Rhagoletis pomonella
Creators: name: Tait, Cheyenne
name: Hinal Kharva
name: Schubert, Marco
name: Kritsch, Daniel
name: Sombke, Andy
name: Rybak, Jürgen
name: Feder, Jeffrey L.
name: Olsson, Shannon B.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: This supplemental data providing an overview of the R. pomonella brain structure is shown in the form of an interactive 3D PDF based on reconstructions made in AMIRA. To be used in Adobe Acrobat Reader; click to activate 3D view and toggle the model tree to select different brain regions for viewing.
Potential Barrier Classification by Short-Time Measurement
Creators: name: Granot, Er'el
name: Marchewka, Avi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the short-time dynamics of a delta-function potential barrier on an initially confined wave-packet. There are mainly two conclusions: A) At short times the probability density of the first particles that passed through the barrier is unaffected by it. B) When the barrier is absorptive (i.e., its potential is imaginary) it affects the transmitted wave function at shorter times than a real potential barrier. Therefore, it is possible to distinguish between an imaginary and a real potential barrier by measuring its effect at short times only on the transmitting wavefunction.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Rethinking and Designing a High-performing Automatic License Plate Recognition Approach
Creators: name: Wang, Yi
name: Bian, Zhen-Peng
name: Zhou, Yunhao
name: Chau, Lap-Pui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a real-time and accurate automatic license plate recognition (ALPR) approach. Our study illustrates the outstanding design of ALPR with four insights: (1) the resampling-based cascaded framework is beneficial to both speed and accuracy; (2) the highly efficient license plate recognition should abundant additional character segmentation and recurrent neural network (RNN), but adopt a plain convolutional neural network (CNN); (3) in the case of CNN, taking advantage of vertex information on license plates improves the recognition performance; and (4) the weight-sharing character classifier addresses the lack of training images in small-scale datasets. Based on these insights, we propose a novel ALPR approach, termed VSNet. Specifically, VSNet includes two CNNs, i.e., VertexNet for license plate detection and SCR-Net for license plate recognition, integrated in a resampling-based cascaded manner. In VertexNet, we propose an efficient integration block to extract the spatial features of license plates. With vertex supervisory information, we propose a vertex-estimation branch in VertexNet such that license plates can be rectified as the input images of SCR-Net. In SCR-Net, we introduce a horizontal encoding technique for left-to-right feature extraction and propose a weight-sharing classifier for character recognition. Experimental results show that the proposed VSNet outperforms state-of-the-art methods by more than 50% relative improvement on error rate, achieving > 99% recognition accuracy on CCPD and AOLP datasets with 149 FPS inference speed. Moreover, our method illustrates an outstanding generalization capability when evaluated on the unseen PKUData and CLPD datasets.
description: 13 pages. Accepted for Publication at IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
Infrared power-law galaxies in the Chandra Deep Field South: AGN and ULIRGs
Creators: name: Alonso-Herrero, A.
name: Perez-Gonzalez, P. G.
name: Alexander, D. M.
name: Rieke, G. H.
name: Rigopoulou, D.
name: Floc'h, E. Le
name: Barmby, P.
name: Papovich, C.
name: Rigby, J. R.
name: Bauer, F. E.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Egami, E.
name: Willner, S. P.
name: Dole, H.
name: Huang, J. -S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the nature of a sample of 92 Spitzer/MIPS 24 micron selected galaxies in the CDFS, showing power law-like emission in the Spitzer/IRAC 3.6-8 micron bands. The main goal is to determine whether the galaxies not detected in X-rays (47% of the sample) are part of the hypothetical population of obscured AGN not detected even in deep X-ray surveys. The majority of the IR power-law galaxies are ULIRGs at z>1, and those with LIRG-like IR luminosities are usually detected in X-rays. The optical to IR spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of the X-ray detected galaxies are almost equally divided between a BLAGN SED class (similar to an optically selected QSO) and a NLAGN SED (similar to the BLAGN SED but with an obscured UV/optical continuum). A small fraction of SEDs resemble warm ULIRG galaxies (e.g., Mrk231). Most galaxies not detected in X-rays have SEDs in the NLAGN+ULIRG class as they tend to be optically fainter, and possibly more obscured. Moreover, the IR power-law galaxies have SEDs significantly different from those of high-z (z_sp>1) IR (24 micron) selected and optically bright (VVDS I_AB<=24) star-forming galaxies whose SEDs show a very prominent stellar bump at 1.6 micron. The galaxies detected in X-rays have 2-8 keV rest-frame luminosities typical of AGN. The galaxies not detected in X-rays have global X-ray to mid-IR SED properties that make them good candidates to contain IR bright X-ray absorbed AGN. If all these sources are actually obscured AGN, we would observe a ratio of obscured to unobscured 24 micron detected AGN of 2:1, whereas models predict a ratio of up to 3:1. Additional studies using Spitzer to detect X-ray-quiet AGN are likely to find more such obscured sources.
description: 43 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Gorbormoceras undefined-A Kröger, 2025, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Kröger, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Actinoceratida
Uranoceratidae
Gorbormoceras

description: Genus Gorbormoceras gen. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 923963A2-FF6F-4A62-8421-E6B8E2B10E76
Type species
Gorbormoceras vohilaidense gen. et. sp. nov., from Vohilaid shore (E), Vohilaid Island, Estonia; Adila Formation, Pirgu Regional Stage.
Diagnosis
Slightly exogastrically curved, nearly orthoconic longicones with a circular (or nearly so) conch cross section; ornamented with shallow annulation and distinct longitudinal lirae; sutures form shallow lateral lobes; ca five chambers occur at a length equal to corresponding conch cross section; siphuncle slightly eccentrically positioned; septal necks short or absent; siphuncular segments widely expanded with adnate areas at adoral and apical surfaces of septa; endosiphuncular and cameral deposits not known.
Etymology
Combination of the two genus names Gorbyoceras and Ormoceras, because the new genus, in a unique fashion, combines essential features of both genera.
Remarks
The new genus is provisionally assigned to the Ormoceratidae because of its subcentrally positioned, widely expanded siphuncle, and the very short recumbent or absent septal necks. Short or very short cyrtochoantitic to recumbent septal necks and widely expanded siphuncular segments are known from other ormoceratids, such as Ormoceras and Orthonybyoceras Shimizu & Obata, 1935.
Comparison
Troedssonoceras Foerste, 1928b is similar in having widely expanded siphuncular segments and a longitudinal ornamentation. In Troedssonoceras, the siphuncular shape is similar to Deiroceras (with cyrtochoanitic septal necks), and the connecting ring is not adnate (see, e.g., Flower 1946: 535). Eskimoceras Troedsson, 1926 has an annulated conch and widely expanded siphuncular segments. It differs from the new genus in having cyrtochoanitic septal necks and in lacking a longitudinal ornamentation.
description: Published as part of Kröger, Björn, 2025, The Lyckholm acme of cephalopods - Review of the late Katian (Vormsi-Pirgu regional stages) Ordovician cephalopods of Estonia, pp. 1-169 in European Journal of Taxonomy 978 on pages 21-22, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.978.2801, http://zenodo.org/record/14988376
BUILDING PROFESSIONAL ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CAPACITY IN THREE WESTERN UPPER PENINSULA COUNTIES: RESULTS OF A DIAGNOSTIC STUDY AND FOLLOW-UP ACTIVITIES
Creators: name: Vlasin, Raymond D.
name: Murphy, Jerry
name: Wessen, Paul D.
name: Vlasin, Raymond D.
name: Murphy, Jerry
name: Wessen, Paul D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: This paper is a part of a series of reports of the activities conducted under a grant from the Fund for Rural America, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Funds for the three year grant entitled "Enhancing Rural Economies Through Comprehensive Extension, Research & Partnering Approaches Using Multi-County Clusters in Michigan With Application to National Rural Settings" were received by Michigan State University's Department of Agricultural Economics in March, 1998. The major goal of the grant is to increase economic development activity in four clusters of rural counties in Michigan through the utilization of the resources of the Michigan State University Extension Service, Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station, and other resources of Michigan State University. Various local, state, and federal public partners as well as the private sector are to co-sponsor projects. This paper represents the first stages of a continuing project to explore the utilization of retirement community human resources in rural Michigan and to develop Extension programs to meet their needs. Future activities include focus groups, labor supply analysis, a conference, and perhaps a rural academy to be developed by Michigan State University and its partners.
Electronic continuum states and far infrared absorption of InAs/GaAs quantum dots
Creators: name: Nguyen, Duc Phuong
name: Regnault, Nicolas
name: Ferreira, Robson
name: Bastard, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic continuum states of InAs/GaAs semiconductor quantum dots embedded in a GaAs/AlAs superlattice are theoretically investigated and the far infrared absorption spectra are calculated for a variety of structures and polarizations. The effect of a strong magnetic field applied parallel to the growth direction is also investigated. We predict that the flatness of the InAs/GaAs dots leads to a far infrared absorption which is almost insensitive to the magnetic field, in spite of the reorganization of the continuum into series of quasi-Landau states. We also predict that it is possible to design InAs/GaAs photoconductors which display very strong in-plane absorption.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Closed $\text{SL}(3,\mathbb{C})$-structures on nilmanifolds
Creators: name: Fino, Anna
name: Salvatore, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C10, 17B30, 53C29

description: In this paper we consider closed $\text{SL}(3,\mathbb{C})$-structures which are either mean convex or tamed by a symplectic form. These notions were introduced by Donaldson in relation to $\text{G}_2$-manifolds with boundary. In particular, we classify nilmanifolds which carry an invariant mean convex closed $\text{SL}(3,\mathbb{C})$-structure and those which admit an invariant mean convex half-flat $\text{SU}(3)$-structure. We also prove that, if a solvmanifold admits an invariant tamed closed $\text{SL}(3,\mathbb{C})$-structure, then it also has an invariant symplectic half-flat $\text{SU}(3)$-structure.
description: 24 pages, to appear in J. Geom. Phys
Dynamics of Giant-Gravitons in the LLM geometry and the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect
Creators: name: Dai, Jian
name: Wang, Xiao-Jun
name: Wu, Yong-Shi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LLM's 1/2 BPS solutions of IIB supergravity are known to be closely related to the integer quantum Hall droplets with filling factor $ν=1$, and the giant gravitons in the LLM geometry behave like the quasi-holes in those droplets. In this paper we consider how the fractional quantum Hall effect may arise in this context, by studying the dynamics of giant graviton probes in a special LLM geometry, the AdS_5 X S^5 background, that corresponds to a circular droplet. The giant gravitons we study are D3-branes wrapping on a 3-sphere in S^5. Their low energy world-volume theory, truncated to the 1/2 BPS sector, is shown to be described by a Chern-Simons finite-matrix model. We demonstrate that these giant gravitons may condense at right density further into fractional quantum Hall fluid due to the repulsive interaction in the model, giving rise to the new states in IIB string theory. Some features of the novel physics of these new states are discussed.
description: 32 pages, 1 figure; v.2: references added, the relation between the level shift and filling fraction elaborated
B2-InF First set of PR Material
Creators: name: B2-InF Consortium
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Fertility; infertility; infertility awareness; science with and for society; H2020

description: The B2-InF consortium is now embarking in the first stages of its research and analysis. This first set of PR material is meant to introduce the purpose of this noble project to the public, leading it to stay informed about developments. This is the first real step towards closing the knowledge gap about fertility issues of our society.
CONDITIONAL LAND TRANSFER AGREEMENTS: MICHIGAN'S ALTERNATIVES TO ANNEXATION
Creators: name: Harvey, Lynn R.
name: Taylor, Gary
name: Harvey, Lynn R.
name: Taylor, Gary
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Annexation battles often are the root cause of long-standing conflicts between municipalities. Some states, including Wisconsin, have sought to reduce the number of annexation battles by allowing the use of intergovernmental agreements addressing municipal boundary expansion and service delivery. This paper reviews Michigan's Conditional Land Transfer Act, Public Act 425 of 1984, including its unique land transfer and reversion provisions. Using a database of all agreements filed since the law's inception, this paper reviews the common provisions found in these agreements. The authors also analyze emerging policy issues and suggest amendments to further the initial policy objectives of Michigan's alternative to annexation.
Limited local electron-lattice coupling in manganites
Creators: name: Sanchez, D.
name: Calderon, M. J.
name: Sanchez-Benitez, J.
name: Williams, A. J.
name: Attfield, J. P.
name: Midgley, P. A.
name: Mathur, N. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Pr,Ca)MnO3 is the archetypal charge-ordered manganite, but in Pr0.48Ca0.52MnO3 we find (using convergent-beam electron diffraction and dark-field images) that the superlattice period is locally incommensurate with respect to the parent lattice, and that the superlattice orientation possesses significant local variations. This suggests that local electron-lattice coupling never overwhelmingly dominates the rich physics of manganites, even in the most extreme scenarios that produce the largest colossal magnetoresistance effects.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures; accepted in Physical Review B
Flavour Issues in Leptogenesis
Creators: name: Abada, A.
name: Davidson, S.
name: Michaux, F-X. J.
name: Losada, M.
name: Riotto, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of flavour in thermal leptogenesis, including the quantum oscillations of the asymmetries in lepton flavour space. In the Boltzmann equations we find different numerical factors and additional terms which can affect the results significantly. The upper bound on the CP asymmetry in a specific flavour is weaker than the bound on the sum. This suggests that -- when flavour dynamics is included -- there is no model-independent limit on the light neutrino mass scale,and that the lower bound on the reheat temperature is relaxed by a factor ~ (3 - 10).
description: 19 pages, corrected equations for flavour oscillations
COST OF CABBAGE PRODUCTION IN MONROE COUNTY, MICHIGAN
Creators: name: Dartt, Barbara
name: Black, J. Roy
name: Marks, Paul
name: Morrone, Vicki
name: Dartt, Barbara
name: Black, J. Roy
name: Marks, Paul
name: Morrone, Vicki
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This bulletin represents a tool that can help producers, consultants, educators, and agribusinesses working with producers estimate costs of production and expected profit based on "typical" cabbage management strategies found in Monroe County, Michigan. The budget included in this bulletin will allow users to revise inputs based on their management strategies and calculate their expected cost and profit. This flexibility provides a decision aid to search for systems that generate higher net returns to the farm's resource base.
Theory of optical responses in clean multi-band superconductors
Creators: name: Ahn, Junyeong
name: Nagaosa, Naoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic responses in superconductors provide valuable information on the pairing symmetry as well as physical quantities such as the superfluid density. However, at the superconducting gap energy scale, optical excitations of the Bogoliugov quasiparticles are forbidden in conventional Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer superconductors when momentum is conserved. Accordingly, far-infrared optical responses have been understood in the framework of a dirty-limit theory by Mattis and Bardeen for over 60 years. Here we show, by investigating the selection rules imposed by particle-hole symmetry and unitary symmetries, that intrinsic momentum-conserving optical excitations can occur in clean multi-band superconductors when one of the following three conditions is satisfied: (i) inversion symmetry breaking, (ii) symmetry protection of the Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces, or (iii) simply finite spin-orbit coupling with unbroken time reversal and inversion symmetries. This result indicates that clean-limit optical responses are common beyond the straightforward case of broken inversion symmetry. We apply our theory to optical responses in FeSe, a clean multi-band superconductor with inversion symmetry and significant spin-orbit coupling. This result paves the way for studying clean-limit superconductors through optical measurements.
description: Main text+Methods: 9 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables; Supplementary Information: 2 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables
Lensed CMB power spectra from all-sky correlation functions
Creators: name: Challinor, Anthony
name: Lewis, Antony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak lensing of the CMB changes the unlensed temperature anisotropy and polarization power spectra. Accounting for the lensing effect will be crucial to obtain accurate parameter constraints from sensitive CMB observations. Methods for computing the lensed power spectra using a low-order perturbative expansion are not good enough for percent-level accuracy. Non-perturbative flat-sky methods are more accurate, but curvature effects change the spectra at the 0.3-1% level. We describe a new, accurate and fast, full-sky correlation-function method for computing the lensing effect on CMB power spectra to better than 0.1% at l<2500 (within the approximation that the lensing potential is linear and Gaussian). We also discuss the effect of non-linear evolution of the gravitational potential on the lensed power spectra. Our fast numerical code is publicly available.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures. Changes to match PRD version including new section on non-linear corrections. CAMB code available at http://camb.info/
Immunohistochemical distribution of immunocompetent cells in water buffalo spleen (Bubalus bubalis)
Creators: name: Rashad, Eman
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 79999 Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences

description: Spleen holds critical attention among lymphoid tissues inside the animal body. Its physiological organization allows it to host a wide range of substantial functions, about red blood cells and the immune system. There are no sufficient reports dedicated to immune cells in spleen of buffalo. For this reason, the current study focused on recording the reactivity and distribution of certain antibodies to immunocompetent cells in water buffalo spleen. Twenty spleens of both sexes, 4.0±0.5 years, and 400.0±50.0 kg weight units were appointed indiscriminately from apparently healthy animals. Immunohistochemical technique was performed to investigate the binding specificity towards certain antibodies and area % was evaluated by the aid of R- program. The obtained findings revealed that CD5+, CD19+, CD20+, and IgM+ were expressed in splenic cells with insignificant difference area%, while CD21+, CD79A+, and IgG+ showed significant differences in area%. The latter antibodies showed its highest concentration in the marginal zone, few in the lymph node, and moderate in the red pulp. Natural killer cells, macrophages, and follicular dendritic cells highlighted a significant cytoplasmic difference utilizing CD56+, CD68+, CD1A+, respectively. Excessive expression of muscle and myofibroblast cells to alpha SMA antibody was observed. Plasma cells responded to the CD138 antibody without variation along buffalo spleen. This study aspired to present a full quantitative analysis of the normal distribution of immunocompetent cells toward water buffalo spleen. Based on that, chances will be opened for valuable designation to assort alterations in the distribution of these cells.
The Freezing of Random RNA
Creators: name: Lässig, Michael
name: Wiese, Kay Joerg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study secondary structures of random RNA molecules by means of a renormalized field theory based on an expansion in the sequence disorder. We show that there is a continuous phase transition from a molten phase at higher temperatures to a low-temperature glass phase. The primary freezing occurs above the critical temperature, with local islands of stable folds forming within the molten phase. The size of these islands defines the correlation length of the transition. Our results include critical exponents at the transition and in the glass phase.
description: 4 pages, 8 figures. v2: presentation improved
Period Equity and Tax Averaging Schemes
Creators: name: Moon, Lynelle
name: Peterson, Deborah C.
name: Kokic, Philip
name: Douglas, Robert A.
name: Moon, Lynelle
name: Peterson, Deborah C.
name: Kokic, Philip
name: Douglas, Robert A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Public Economics

description: The tax differential caused by variability of taxable income across tax thresholds is estimated for broadacre family farmers using individual taxable income data. Estimates of the tax differential without income averaging are compared with the tax differential under a number of alternative averaging schemes, including the current averaging scheme, modified averaging, block averaging and carry forward tax credits. Only limited evidence is available to indicate the potential tax differential borne by non-primary producers. The availability of such information would assist future analysis of comparative period inequity of farmers and others in the community subject to variable pre-tax incomes.
Multidimensional hydrogenic states: Position and momentum expectation values
Creators: name: Dehesa, J. S.
name: Puertas-Centeno, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The position and momentum probability densities of a multidimensional quantum system are fully characterized by means of the radial expectation values $\langle r^α\rangle$ and $\left\langle p^α\right\rangle$, respectively. These quantities, which describe and/or are closely related to various fundamental properties of realistic systems, have not been calculated in an analytical and effective manner up until now except for a number of three-dimensional hydrogenic states. In this work we explicitly show these expectation values for all discrete stationary $D$-dimensional hydrogenic states in terms of the dimensionality $D$, the strength of the Coulomb potential (i.e., the nuclear charge) and the $D$ state's hyperquantum numbers. Emphasis is placed on the momentum expectation values (mostly unknown, specially the ones with odd order) which are obtained in a closed compact form. Applications are made to circular, $S$-wave, high-energy (Rydberg) and high-dimensional (pseudo-classical) states of three- and multidimensional hydrogenic atoms. This has been possible because of the analytical algebraic and asymptotical properties of the special functions (orthogonal polynomials, hyperspherical harmonics) which control the states' wavefunctions. Finally, some Heisenberg-like uncertainty inequalities satisfied by these dispersion quantities are also given and discussed.
description: Published in J. Phys. B: At. Mole. Opt. 54 (2021) 065006
title: Beiträge zur Wirtschafts-Statistik: Die Arealverhältnisse im Jahre 1910
title: Statistische Mittheilungen betreffend den Kanton Zürich
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Statistische Mitteilungen betreffend den Kanton Zürich
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Buchdruckerei Geschwister Ziegler
Year: 1911
Subjects: subject: 314 Allgemeine Statistiken zu Europa
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: 630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
subject: Kanton Zürich
subject: Amtliche Statistik
subject: Wirtschaftsstatistik
subject: Landwirtschaftsstatistik

description: Mit zwei Karten: Verteilung des Reblandes im Kanton Zürich auf die politischen Gemeinden 1910 ; Anteil des Ackerlandes am produktiven Areal der Gemeinden des Kantons Zürich 1910.
description: Inhalt: Text-Teil (Die Gesamtfläche und deren Verteilung in unproduktives und produktives Areal ; Das produktive Areal nach Hauptkulturgruppen ; Bestand und Verteilung des Gartenlandes ; Das Rebland ; Das Ackerland und seine Ausscheidung nach Kulturen und Fruchtarten ; Der Wiesenbau ; Das Riedland ; Das Waldareal) ; Tabellarischer Teil (Gemeinde- und Bezirksweise Übersichten) ; Anhang (Kreisschreiben und Erhebungsformulare).
title: Subjective assessment of wind turbine noise annoyance – tests in laboratory conditions
Creators: name: Pleban, Dariusz
name: Szczepański, Grzegorz
name: Kapica, Łukasz
name: Alikowski, Adrian
name: Łada, Krzysztof
name: Włudarczyk, Anna
Publisher: name: Publishing House of Poznan University of Technology
Year: 2023

description: Vibrations in Physical Systems, 34(2), 2023208-1 - 2023208-9
The importance of flavor in leptogenesis
Creators: name: Nardi, Enrico
name: Nir, Yosef
name: Roulet, Esteban
name: Racker, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study leptogenesis from the out-of-equilibrium decays of the lightest heavy neutrino $N_1$ in the medium (low) temperature regime, $T\lsim 10^{12}$ GeV ($10^{10}$ GeV), where the rates of processes mediated by the $τ$ (and $μ$) Yukawa coupling are non negligible, implying that the effects of lepton flavors must be taken into account. We find important quantitative and qualitative differences with respect to the case where flavor effects are ignored: (i) The cosmic baryon asymmetry can be enhanced by up to one order of magnitude; (ii) The sign of the asymmetry can be opposite to what one would predict from the sign of the total lepton asymmetry $ε_1$; (iii) Successful leptogenesis is possible even with $ε_1=0$.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures. Added 3 references
Rural Income Tax Reform: The New Zealand Experience 1985-1994
Creators: name: King, John M.
name: King, John M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Public Economics

description: This paper outlines the New Zealand experience in reforming primary sector income tax regimes in 1987 and the subsequent review in the 1991-93 period. The reforms were undertaken to remove tax concessions to primary producers, and to thereby improve tax neutrality with other sectors. This was achieved, but not without considerable opposition and resistance from the industry. The reforms, the processes of development and implementation together with the industry reaction are discussed with a minimum of technical detail.
Interactions of Technological Change in Australian Agriculture: An Aggregative Programming Analysis
Creators: name: Wicks, John A.
name: Crellin, Ian R.
name: Wicks, John A.
name: Crellin, Ian R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: In this paper an extension of the work previously undertaken using the Aggregative Programming Model of Australian Agriculture for the analysis of the effects on Australian agriculture of changes in productivity is described. The impact of four specific improvements in technology, two in the sheep sector and one each of the beef and wheat sectors, are analyzed both separately and in combination. The rates of productivity growth resulting from the technological changes are measured both nationally and by State. Results are presented showing net farm income by State and for all Australia, as well as agricultural output for all Australia.
Farmer Income and Expenditure Patterns in a Wheat-Sheep Region
Creators: name: Davis, D.C.
name: Mullen, John D.
name: Bryant, M.J.
name: Davis, D.C.
name: Mullen, John D.
name: Bryant, M.J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Farm Management

description: Information on farm incomes and expenditure patterns for the eight year period 1968-69 to 1975-76 was collected in a survey of 102 farm businesses. Average gross farm earnings varied by up to $20,000 over the period, with marked variations in individual enterprise earnings also being observed. Spending on farm current costs, investment and livestock and consumption closely followed the trends in incomes. A summary of the data collected for 90 of the 102 farm businesses is presented.
First passage time of N excluded volume particles on a line
Creators: name: Sokolov, Igor M.
name: Metzler, Ralf
name: Pant, Kiran
name: Williams, Mark C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent single molecule studies of proteins sliding on a DNA molecule, we explore the targeting dynamics of N particles ("proteins") sliding diffusively along a line ("DNA") in search of their target site (specific target sequence). At lower particle densities, one observes an expected reduction of the mean first passage time proportional to 1/N**2, with corrections at higher concentrations. We explicitly take adsorption and desorption effects, to and from the DNA, into account. For this general case, we also consider finite size effects, when the continuum approximation based on the number density of particles, breaks down. Moreover, we address the first passage time problem of a tagged particle diffusing among other particles.
description: 9 pages, REVTeX, 6 eps figures
Small-Scale Dynamo in Supernova-Driven Interstellar Turbulence
Creators: name: Gent, Frederick A.
name: Mac Low, Mordecai-Mark
name: Kapyla, Maarit J.
name: Singh, Nishant K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic fields grow quickly even at early cosmological times, suggesting the action of a small-scale dynamo (SSD) in the interstellar medium of galaxies. Many studies have focused on idealized turbulent driving of the SSD. Here we simulate more realistic supernova-driven turbulence to determine whether it can drive an SSD. Magnetic field growth occurring in our models appears inconsistent with simple tangling of magnetic fields, but consistent with SSD action, reproducing and confirming models by Balsara et al. (2004) that did not include physical resistivity $η$. We vary $η$, as well as the numerical resolution and supernova rate, $\dotσ$, to delineate the regime in which an SSD occurs. For a given $\dotσ$ we find convergence for SSD growth rate with resolution of a parsec. For $\dotσ\simeq\dotσ_{\rm sn}$, with $\dotσ_{\rm sn}$ the solar neighbourhood rate, the critical resistivity below which an SSD occurs is $0.005>η_{\rm crit}>0.001\,\rm kpc^{-1}\,\rm km s^{-1}$, and this increases with the supernova rate. Across the modelled range of 0.5--4 pc resolution we find that for $η