cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stability of a Szegő-type asymptotics
Creators: name: Müller, Peter
name: Schulte, Ruth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J10 (Primary), 47B35 (Secondary)

description: We consider a multi-dimensional continuum Schrödinger operator $H$ which is given by a perturbation of the negative Laplacian by a compactly supported bounded potential. We show that, for a fairly large class of test functions, the second-order Szegő-type asymptotics for the spatially truncated Fermi projection of $H$ is independent of the potential and, thus, identical to the known asymptotics of the Laplacian.
description: Version as to appear in the special issue of J Math Phys dedicated to Abel Klein
The fragment of elementary plane Euclidean geometry based on perpendicularity alone with complexity PSPACE-complete
Creators: name: Ivanova, Tatyana
name: Tinchev, Tinko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A. Tarski uses in his system for the elementary geometry only the primitive concept of point, and the two primitive relations betweenness and equidistance. Another approach is the relations to be on lines instead of points. W. Schwabhäuser and L. Szczerba showed that perpendicularity together with the ternary relation of co-punctuality are sufficient for dimension two, i.e. they may be used as a system of primitive relations for elementary plane Euclidean geometry. In this paper we give a complete axiomatization for the fragment of elementary plane Euclidean geometry based on perpendicularity alone. We show that this theory is not finitely axiomatizable, it is decidable and the complexity is PSPACE-complete. In contrast the complexity of elementary plane Euclidean geometry is exponential.
Diagonal cubic forms and the large sieve
Creators: name: Wang, Victor Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $N(X)$ be the number of integral zeros $(x_1,\dots,x_6)\in [-X,X]^6$ of $\sum_{1\le i\le 6} x_i^3$. Works of Hooley and Heath-Brown imply $N(X)\ll_εX^{3+ε}$, if one assumes automorphy and GRH for certain Hasse--Weil $L$-functions. Assuming instead a natural large sieve inequality, we recover the same bound on $N(X)$. This is part of a more general statement, for diagonal cubic forms in $\geq 4$ variables, where we allow approximations to Hasse--Weil $L$-functions.
description: 24 pages; removed appendices; improved exposition; accepted version
Statistical analysis of locally parameterized shapes
Creators: name: Taheri, Mohsen
name: Schulz, Jörn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The alignment of shapes has been a crucial step in statistical shape analysis, for example, in calculating mean shape, detecting locational differences between two shape populations, and classification. Procrustes alignment is the most commonly used method and state of the art. In this work, we uncover that alignment might seriously affect the statistical analysis. For example, alignment can induce false shape differences and lead to misleading results and interpretations. We propose a novel hierarchical shape parameterization based on local coordinate systems. The local parameterized shapes are translation and rotation invariant. Thus, the inherent alignment problems from the commonly used global coordinate system for shape representation can be avoided using this parameterization. The new parameterization is also superior for shape deformation and simulation. The method's power is demonstrated on the hypothesis testing of simulated data as well as the left hippocampi of patients with Parkinson's disease and controls.
description: 25 pages, 20 figures
Probabilistic representation of parabolic stochastic variational inequality with Dirichlet-Neumann boundary and variational generalized backward doubly stochastic differential equations
Creators: name: Ren, Yong
name: Aman, Auguste
name: Zhou, Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H15, 60H20

description: We derive the existence and uniqueness of the generalized backward doubly stochastic differential equation with sub-differential of a lower semi-continuous convex function under a non Lipschitz condition. This study allows us give a probabilistic representation (in stochastic viscosity sense) to the parabolic variational stochastic partial differential equations with Dirichlet-Neumann conditions.
description: This version is 39 pages long and has been accepted to Stochastics who will publish the final version
Character sheaves for symmetric pairs: spin groups
Creators: name: Xue, Ting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We determine character sheaves for symmetric pairs associated to spin groups. In particular, we determine the cupsidal character sheaves and show that they can be obtained via the nearby cycle construction of [GVX] and its generalisation in [VX2].
Comparison of the sets of attractors for systems of contractions and weak contractions
Creators: name: Klinga, Paweł
name: Kwela, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For $n,d\in\mathbb{N}$ we consider the families: - $L_n^d$ of attractors for iterated function systems (IFS) consisting of $n$ contractions acting on $[0,1]^d$, - $wL_n^d$ of attractors for weak iterated function systems (wIFS) consisting of $n$ weak contractions acting on $[0,1]^d$. We study closures of the above families as subsets of the hyperspace $K([0,1]^d)$ of all compact subsets of $[0,1]^d$ equipped in the Hausdorff metric. In particular, we show that $\overline{L_n^d}=\overline{wL_n^d}$ and $L_{n+1}^d\setminus\overline{L_n^d}\neq\emptyset$, for all $n,d\in\mathbb{N}$. What is more, we construct a compact set belonging to $\overline{L_2^d}$ which is not an attractor for any wIFS. We present a diagram summarizing our considerations.
String topology in three flavours
Creators: name: Naef, Florian
name: Rivera, Manuel
name: Wahl, Nathalie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe two major string topology operations, the Chas-Sullivan product and the Goresky-Hingston coproduct, from geometric and algebraic perspectives. The geometric construction uses Thom-Pontrjagin intersection theory while the algebraic construction is phrased in terms of Hochschild homology. We give computations of products and coproducts on lens spaces via geometric intersection, and deduce that the coproduct distinguishes 3-dimensional lens spaces. Algebraically, we describe the structure these operations define together on the Tate-Hochschild complex. We use rational homotopy theory methods to sketch the equivalence between the geometric and algebraic definitions for simply connected manifolds and real coefficients, emphasizing the role of configuration spaces. Finally, we study invariance properties of the operations, both algebraically and geometrically.
description: Dedicated to Dennis Sullivan on the occasion of his 80th birthday. A reference was added in v2
Rectification of a deep water model for surface gravity waves
Creators: name: Duchêne, Vincent
name: Melinand, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work we discuss an approximate model for the propagation of deep irrotational water waves, specifically the model obtained by keeping only quadratic nonlinearities in the water waves system under the Zakharov/Craig-Sulem formulation. We argue that the initial-value problem associated with this system is most likely ill-posed in finite regularity spaces, and that it explains the observation of spurious amplification of high-wavenumber modes in numerical simulations that were reported in the literature. This hypothesis has already been proposed by Ambrose, Bona, and Nicholls [4] but we identify a different instability mechanism. On the basis of this analysis, we show that the system can be "rectified". Indeed, by introducing appropriate regularizing operators, we can restore the well-posedness without sacrificing other desirable features such as a canonical Hamiltonian structure, cubic accuracy as an asymptotic model, and efficient numerical integration. This provides a first rigorous justification for the common practice of applying filters in high-order spectral methods for the numerical approximation of surface gravity waves. While our study is restricted to a quadratic model, we believe it can be generalized to any order and paves the way towards the rigorous justification of a robust and efficient strategy to approximate water waves with arbitrary accuracy. Our study is supported by detailed and reproducible numerical simulations.
Supplementary material for: Internet Behavior and Satisfaction with Sleep, Health, Quality of Life and Physical Activity Self-Efficacy as Components of Subjective Well-Being: Findings from an Online Survey
Creators: name: Guza, Endi
Publisher: name: PsychArchives
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: subjective well-being
subject: physical activity
subject: internet use
subject: health-related apps
subject: online behavior
subject: 150

description: Supplementary material (Appendix) for: Guza, E., Gao, L., & Lippke, S. (2022). Internet Behavior and Satisfaction With Sleep, Health, Quality of Life and Physical Activity Self-Efficacy as Components of Subjective Well-Being: Findings From an Online Survey. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 18(4), 357–368. https://doi.org/10.5964/ejop.5343
description: This study aimed to examine the relationship between internet use (constructive and health-related internet behavior, health app usages), physical activity self-efficacy, and subjective well-being (quality of life, health satisfaction, sleep satisfaction). Participants (N = 758) were recruited to participate in an online survey. One-way MANOVA and multiple regression analyses were used to examine the hypotheses. Results showed that internet use was negatively associated with sleep satisfaction, r(738) = -.127, p < .001. Individuals who use health-related apps for movement/fitness, t(689.900) = -3.354, p < .001, nutrition, t(300.075) = -2.434, p = .016, information for self-diagnosis, t(199.768) = -2.321, p = .021, and contact with doctors, t(90.630) = -2.035, p = .045, have higher PA self-efficacy than those who do not. Overall, there was a statistically significant difference in subjective well-being based on a participants’ constructive internet use, F(28, 2590) = 1.97, p = .002, with quality of life (p = .006) and sleep satisfaction (p = .025) being statistically significant components of subjective well-being. This paper discusses the important theoretical and practical implications regarding the development of health-related apps and online well-being interventions which are significantly relevant to the well-being literature.
Homological stability: a tool for computations
Creators: name: Wahl, Nathalie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Homological stability has shown itself to be a powerful tool for the computation of homology of families of groups such as general linear groups, mapping class groups or automorphisms of free groups. We survey here tools and techniques for proving homological stability theorems and for computing the stable homology, and illustrate the method through the computation of the homology of Higman-Thompson groups.
description: Contribution to the Proceedings of the 2022 ICM
SC2 Benchmark: Supervised Compression for Split Computing
Creators: name: Matsubara, Yoshitomo
name: Yang, Ruihan
name: Levorato, Marco
name: Mandt, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: With the increasing demand for deep learning models on mobile devices, splitting neural network computation between the device and a more powerful edge server has become an attractive solution. However, existing split computing approaches often underperform compared to a naive baseline of remote computation on compressed data. Recent studies propose learning compressed representations that contain more relevant information for supervised downstream tasks, showing improved tradeoffs between compressed data size and supervised performance. However, existing evaluation metrics only provide an incomplete picture of split computing. This study introduces supervised compression for split computing (SC2) and proposes new evaluation criteria: minimizing computation on the mobile device, minimizing transmitted data size, and maximizing model accuracy. We conduct a comprehensive benchmark study using 10 baseline methods, three computer vision tasks, and over 180 trained models, and discuss various aspects of SC2. We also release sc2bench, a Python package for future research on SC2. Our proposed metrics and package will help researchers better understand the tradeoffs of supervised compression in split computing.
description: Accepted at TMLR. Code and models are available at https://github.com/yoshitomo-matsubara/sc2-benchmark
Supplementary material for: The meta-plot: A graphical tool for interpreting the results of a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Van Aert, Robbie C. M.
name: Van Assen, Marcel A. L. M.
name: Van Den Akker, Olmo R.
name: Augusteijn, Hilde E. M.
name: Bakker, Marjan
name: Nuijten, Michèle B.
name: Olsson-Collentine, A.
name: Stoevenbelt, Andrea H.
name: Wicherts, Jelte M.
Publisher: name: PsychArchives
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 150

description: These are the appendices of Van Assen et al. (2023).
On the hydrostatic limit of stably stratified fluids with isopycnal diffusivity
Creators: name: Duchêne, Vincent
name: Bianchini, Roberta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q35, 76B03, 76B70, 76M45, 76U60, 86A05

description: This article is concerned with rigorously justifying the hydrostatic limit for continuously stratified incompressible fluids under the influence of gravity.
 The main distinction of this work compared to previous studies is the absence of any (regularizing) viscosity contribution added to the fluid-dynamics equations; only thickness diffusivity effects are considered. Motivated by applications to oceanography, the diffusivity effects in this work arise from an additional advection term, the specific form of which was proposed by Gent and McWilliams in the 1990s to model the effective contributions of geostrophic eddy correlations in non-eddy-resolving systems.
 The results of this paper heavily rely on the assumption of stable stratification. We establish the well-posedness of the hydrostatic equations and the original (non-hydrostatic) equations for stably stratified fluids, along with their convergence in the limit of vanishing shallow-water parameter. These results are obtained in high but finite Sobolev regularity and carefully account for the various parameters involved.
 A key element of our analysis is the reformulation of the systems using isopycnal coordinates, enabling us to provide meticulous energy estimates that are not readily apparent in the original Eulerian coordinate system.
description: To appear in Comm. Partial Differential Equations
Rethinking Symbolic Regression Datasets and Benchmarks for Scientific Discovery
Creators: name: Matsubara, Yoshitomo
name: Chiba, Naoya
name: Igarashi, Ryo
name: Ushiku, Yoshitaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper revisits datasets and evaluation criteria for Symbolic Regression (SR), specifically focused on its potential for scientific discovery. Focused on a set of formulas used in the existing datasets based on Feynman Lectures on Physics, we recreate 120 datasets to discuss the performance of symbolic regression for scientific discovery (SRSD). For each of the 120 SRSD datasets, we carefully review the properties of the formula and its variables to design reasonably realistic sampling ranges of values so that our new SRSD datasets can be used for evaluating the potential of SRSD such as whether or not an SR method can (re)discover physical laws from such datasets. We also create another 120 datasets that contain dummy variables to examine whether SR methods can choose necessary variables only. Besides, we propose to use normalized edit distances (NED) between a predicted equation and the true equation trees for addressing a critical issue that existing SR metrics are either binary or errors between the target values and an SR model's predicted values for a given input. We conduct benchmark experiments on our new SRSD datasets using various representative SR methods. The experimental results show that we provide a more realistic performance evaluation, and our user study shows that the NED correlates with human judges significantly more than an existing SR metric. We publish repositories of our code and 240 SRSD datasets.
description: Accepted at DMLR. Code and datasets are available at https://github.com/omron-sinicx/srsd-benchmark https://huggingface.co/datasets/yoshitomo-matsubara/srsd-feynman_easy https://huggingface.co/datasets/yoshitomo-matsubara/srsd-feynman_medium https://huggingface.co/datasets/yoshitomo-matsubara/srsd-feynman_hard and another three sets of SRSD datasets with dummy variables
Supplementary Materials for: From Primary to Presidency: Fake News, False Memory, and Changing Attitudes in the 2016 Election
Creators: name: Grady, Rebecca Hofstein
name: Ditto, Peter H.
name: Loftus, Elizabeth F.
name: Levine, Linda J.
name: Greenspan, Rachel Leigh
name: Relihan, Daniel P.
Publisher: name: PsychArchives
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: election
subject: primary
subject: memory bias
subject: attitudes
subject: fake news
subject: false memory
subject: 150

description: During a contentious primary campaign, people may argue passionately against a candidate they later support during the general election. How do people reconcile such potentially conflicting attitudes? This study followed 602 United States citizens, recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk, at three points throughout the 2016 presidential election investigating how attitudes and preferences changed over time and how people remembered their past feelings. Across political parties, people’s memory for their past attitudes was strongly influenced by their present attitudes; more specifically, those who had changed their opinion of a candidate remembered their past attitudes as being more like their current attitudes than they actually were. Participants were also susceptible to remembering false news events about both presidential candidates. However, they were largely unaware of their memory biases and rejected the possibility that they may have been susceptible to them. Not remembering their prior attitude may facilitate support of a previously disliked candidate and foster loyalty towards a party nominee during a time of disunity by forgetting they ever used to dislike the candidate.
description: Supplementary materials for: Grady, R. H., Ditto, P. H., Loftus, E. F., Levine, L. J., Greenspan, R. L., & Relihan, D. P. (2023). From Primary to Presidency: Fake News, False Memory, and Changing Attitudes in the 2016 Election. Journal of Social and Political Psychology, 11(1), 6-24. https://doi.org/10.5964/jspp.10203
An integrated photonic engine for programmable atomic control
Creators: name: Christen, Ian
name: Sutula, Madison
name: Propson, Thomas
name: Sattari, Hamed
name: Choong, Gregory
name: Panuski, Christopher
name: Melville, Alexander
name: Mallek, Justin
name: Hamilton, Scott
name: Dixon, P. Benjamin
name: Menssen, Adrian J.
name: Braje, Danielle
name: Ghadimi, Amir H.
name: Englund, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solutions for scalable, high-performance optical control are important for the development of scaled atom-based quantum technologies. Modulation of many individual optical beams is central to the application of arbitrary gate and control sequences on arrays of atoms or atom-like systems. At telecom wavelengths, miniaturization of optical components via photonic integration has pushed the scale and performance of classical and quantum optics far beyond the limitations of bulk devices. However, these material platforms for high-speed telecom integrated photonics are not transparent at the short wavelengths required by leading atomic systems. Here, we propose and implement a scalable and reconfigurable photonic architecture for multi-channel quantum control using integrated, visible-light modulators based on thin-film lithium niobate. Our approach combines techniques in free-space optics, holography, and control theory together with a sixteen-channel integrated photonic device to stabilize temporal and cross-channel power deviations and enable precise and uniform control. Applying this device to a homogeneous constellation of silicon-vacancy artificial atoms in diamond, we present techniques to spatially and spectrally address a dynamically-selectable set of these stochastically-positioned point emitters. We anticipate that this scalable and reconfigurable optical architecture will lead to systems that could enable parallel individual programmability of large many-body atomic systems, which is a critical step towards universal quantum computation on such hardware.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures
Polynomial Identity Testing via Evaluation of Rational Functions
Creators: name: Hu, Ivan
name: van Melkebeek, Dieter
name: Morgan, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68Q17, 68Q87, 68Q15

description: $ \newcommand{\ie}{i.\,e.} $We introduce a hitting set generator for Polynomial Identity Testing based on evaluations of low-degree univariate rational functions at abscissas associated with the variables. We establish an equivalence up to rescaling with a generator introduced by Shpilka and Volkovich, which has a similar structure but uses multivariate polynomials.
 We initiate a systematic analytic study of the power of hitting set generators by characterizing their vanishing ideals, \ie, the sets of polynomials that they fail to hit. We provide two such characterizations for our generator. First, we develop a small collection of polynomials that jointly produce the vanishing ideal. As corollaries, we obtain tight bounds on the minimum degree, sparseness, and partition class size of set-multilinearity in the vanishing ideal. Second, inspired by a connection to alternating algebra, we develop a structured deterministic membership test for the multilinear part of the vanishing ideal. We present a derivation based on alternating algebra along with the required background, as well as one in terms of zero substitutions and partial derivatives, avoiding the need for alternating algebra.
 As evidence of the utility of our analytic approach, we rederive known derandomization results based on the generator by Shpilka and Volkovich and present a new application in derandomization / lower bounds for read-once oblivious algebraic branching programs.
description: Published in Theory of Computing, Volume 20 (2024), Article 1; Received: November 2, 2022, Revised: April 7, 2024, Published: July 18, 2024
Disordered arcs and Harer stability
Creators: name: Harr, Oscar
name: Vistrup, Max
name: Wahl, Nathalie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a new proof of homological stability with the best known isomorphism range for mapping class groups of surfaces with respect to genus. The proof uses the framework of Randal-Williams-Wahl and Krannich applied to disk stabilization in the category of bidecorated surfaces, using the Euler characteristic instead of the genus as a grading. The monoidal category of bidecorated surfaces does not admit a braiding, distinguishing it from previously known settings for homological stability. Nevertheless, we find that it admits a suitable Yang-Baxter element, which we show is sufficient structure for homological stability arguments.
description: minor revision
Non-inferiority of Deep Learning Acute Ischemic Stroke Segmentation on Non-Contrast CT Compared to Expert Neuroradiologists
Creators: name: Ostmeier, Sophie
name: Axelrod, Brian
name: Verhaaren, Benjamin F. J.
name: Christensen, Soren
name: Mahammedi, Abdelkader
name: Liu, Yongkai
name: Pulli, Benjamin
name: Li, Li-Jia
name: Zaharchuk, Greg
name: Heit, Jeremy J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To determine if a convolutional neural network (CNN) deep learning model can accurately segment acute ischemic changes on non-contrast CT compared to neuroradiologists. Non-contrast CT (NCCT) examinations from 232 acute ischemic stroke patients who were enrolled in the DEFUSE 3 trial were included in this study. Three experienced neuroradiologists independently segmented hypodensity that reflected the ischemic core on each scan. The neuroradiologist with the most experience (expert A) served as the ground truth for deep learning model training. Two additional neuroradiologists (experts B and C) segmentations were used for data testing. The 232 studies were randomly split into training and test sets. The training set was further randomly divided into 5 folds with training and validation sets. A 3-dimensional CNN architecture was trained and optimized to predict the segmentations of expert A from NCCT. The performance of the model was assessed using a set of volume, overlap, and distance metrics using non-inferiority thresholds of 20%, 3ml, and 3mm. The optimized model trained on expert A was compared to test experts B and C. We used a one-sided Wilcoxon signed-rank test to test for the non-inferiority of the model-expert compared to the inter-expert agreement. The final model performance for the ischemic core segmentation task reached a performance of 0.46+-0.09 Surface Dice at Tolerance 5mm and 0.47+-0.13 Dice when trained on expert A. Compared to the two test neuroradiologists the model-expert agreement was non-inferior to the inter-expert agreement, p < 0.05. The CNN accurately delineates the hypodense ischemic core on NCCT in acute ischemic stroke patients with an accuracy comparable to neuroradiologists.
Interventions to Foster Knowledge Transfer in School Students: A Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Dlugosch, Aline C.
name: Simonsmeier, Bianca A.
name: Schneider, Michael
Publisher: name: PsychArchives
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 150

description: School students would ideally apply their acquired knowledge to new situations and problems. However, such knowledge transfer rarely occurs. Researchers have developed instructional interventions to foster knowledge transfer in students. These studies have not been systematically synthesized. It is unknown to what extent and with which types of instructional methods transfer can be fostered best. Previous research has shown that transfer can occur over several transfer dimensions. The meta-analysis synthesizes studies evaluating how strongly interventions (in relation to comparison groups) foster knowledge transfer. We are interested in the average effect of instructional interventions on knowledge transfer and in variations in the effectivity based on methods, transfer dimensions and subpopulations. The study has no participants. This meta-analysis uses Hedges g as effect size to evaluate the effect of interventions on knowledge transfer in a random-effects meta-analysis with robust variance estimation. Information about the intervention, knowledge, transfer, study, sample, and methodological characteristics will be used as moderators.
A mathematical analysis of the Kakinuma model for interfacial gravity waves. Part II: Justification as a shallow water approximation
Creators: name: Duchêne, Vincent
name: Iguchi, Tatsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L45, 35M31, 76B55

description: We consider the Kakinuma model for the motion of interfacial gravity waves. The Kakinuma model is a system of Euler-Lagrange equations for an approximate Lagrangian, which is obtained by approximating the velocity potentials in the Lagrangian of the full model. Structures of the Kakinuma model and the well-posedness of its initial value problem were analyzed in the companion paper [arXiv:2103.12392]. In this present paper, we show that the Kakinuma model is a higher order shallow water approximation to the full model for interfacial gravity waves with an error of order $O(δ_1^{4N+2}+δ_2^{4N+2})$ in the sense of consistency, where $δ_1$ and $δ_2$ are shallowness parameters, which are the ratios of the mean depths of the upper and the lower layers to the typical horizontal wavelength, respectively, and $N$ is, roughly speaking, the size of the Kakinuma model and can be taken an arbitrarily large number. Moreover, under a hypothesis of the existence of the solution to the full model with a uniform bound, a rigorous justification of the Kakinuma model is proved by giving an error estimate between the solution to the Kakinuma model and that of the full model. An error estimate between the Hamiltonian of the Kakinuma model and that of the full model is also provided.
description: To be published in Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh Sect. A
Weaves, webs and flows
Creators: name: Freeman, Nic
name: Swart, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60D05

description: We introduce weaves, which are random sets of non-crossing càdlàg paths that cover space-time $\overline{\mathbb{R}}\times\overline{\mathbb{R}}$. The Brownian web is one example of a weave, but a key feature of our work is that we do not assume that particle motions have any particular distribution. Rather, we present a general theory of the structure, characterization and weak convergence of weaves.
 We show that the space of weaves has a particularly appealing geometry, involving a partition into equivalence classes under which each equivalence class contains a pair of distinguished objects known as a web and a flow. Webs are natural generalizations of the Brownian web and the flows provide pathwise representations of stochastic flows. Moreover, there is a natural partial order on the space of weaves, characterizing the efficiency with which paths cover space-time, under which webs are precisely minimal weaves and flows are precisely maximal weaves. This structure is key to establishing weak convergence criteria for general weaves, based on weak convergence of finite collections of particle motions.
description: 65 pages, 4 figures
Universality class of a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate far from equilibrium
Creators: name: Huh, SeungJung
name: Mukherjee, Koushik
name: Kwon, Kiryang
name: Seo, Jihoon
name: Mistakidis, Simeon I.
name: Sadeghpour, H. R.
name: Choi, Jae-yoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scale invariance and self-similarity in physics provide a unified framework to classify phases of matter and dynamical properties near equilibrium in both classical and quantum systems. This paradigm has been further extended to isolated many-body quantum systems driven far from equilibrium, where physical observables exhibit dynamical scaling with universal scaling exponents. Universal dynamics appear in a wide range of scenarios, including cosmology, quark-gluon matter, ultracold atoms, and quantum spin magnets. However, how universal dynamics depend on the symmetry of the underlying Hamiltonian in nonequilibrium systems remain an outstanding challenge. Here, we report on the classification of universal coarsening dynamics in a quenched two-dimensional ferromagnetic spinor Bose gas. We observe spatiotemporal scaling of spin correlation functions with distinguishable scaling exponents that characterize binary and diffusive fluids. The universality class of the coarsening dynamics is determined by the symmetry of the order parameter and the dynamics of the topological defects, such as domain walls and vortices. Our results provide a categorization of the universality classes of far from equilibrium quantum dynamics based on symmetry properties of the system.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, and supplemental materials
Evolution of Voices in French Audiovisual Media Across Genders and Age in a Diachronic Perspective
Creators: name: Rilliard, Albert
name: Doukhan, David
name: Uro, Rémi
name: Devauchelle, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a diachronic acoustic analysis of the voice of 1023 speakers from French media archives. The speakers are spread across 32 categories based on four periods (years 1955/56, 1975/76, 1995/96, 2015/16), four age groups (20-35; 36-50; 51-65, >65), and two genders. The fundamental frequency ($F_0$) and the first four formants (F1-4) were estimated. Procedures used to ensure the quality of these estimations on heterogeneous data are described. From each speaker's $F_0$ distribution, the base-$F_0$ value was calculated to estimate the register. Average vocal tract length was estimated from formant frequencies. Base-$F_0$ and vocal tract length were fit by linear mixed models to evaluate how they may have changed across time periods and genders, corrected for age effects. Results show an effect of the period with a tendency to lower voices, independently of gender. A lowering of pitch is observed with age for female but not male speakers.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, keywords:, Gender, Diachrony, Vocal Tract Resonance, Vocal register, Broadcast speech
Bohnenblust--Hille inequality for cyclic groups
Creators: name: Slote, Joseph
name: Volberg, Alexander
name: Zhang, Haonan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.2.2
subject: 43A75, 47A30, 81P45, 06E30

description: For any $K>2$ and the multiplicative cyclic group $Ω_K$ of order $K$, consider any function $f:Ω_K^n\to\mathbf{C}$ and its Fourier expansion $f(z)=\sum_{α\in\{0,1,\ldots,K-1\}^n}a_αz^α$, with $d:=\text{deg}(f)$ denoting its degree as a multivariate polynomial.
 We prove a Bohnenblust--Hille (BH) inequality in this setting: the $\ell_{2d/(d+1)}$ norm of the Fourier coefficients of $f$ is bounded by $C(d,K)\|f\|_\infty$ with $C(d,K)$ independent of $n$.
 This is the interpolating case between the now well-understood BH inequalities for functions on the poly-torus ($K =\infty$) and the hypercube ($K=2$) but those extreme cases of $K$ have special properties whose absence for intermediate $K$ prevent a proof by the standard BH framework.
 New techniques are developed exploiting the group structure of $Ω_K^n$.
 By known reductions, the cyclic group BH inequality also entails a noncommutative BH inequality for tensor products of the $K \times K$ complex matrix algebra (or in the language of quantum mechanics, systems of $K$-level qudits). These new BH inequalities generalize several applications in harmonic analysis and statistical learning theory to broader classes of functions and operators.
description: 35 pages. Final version based on the referee's comments. To appear in Adv. Math
On the well-posedness of a nonlocal (two-place) FORQ equation via a two-component peakon system
Creators: name: Karlsen, Kenneth
name: Rybalko, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the Cauchy problem for a nonlocal (two-place) FORQ equation. By interpreting this equation as a special case of a two-component peakon system (exhibiting a cubic nonlinearity), we convert the Cauchy problem into a system of ordinary differential equations in a Banach space. Using this approach, we are able to demonstrate local well-posedness in the Sobolev space $H^{s}$ where $s > 5/2$. We also establish the continuity properties for the data-to-solution map for a range of Sobolev spaces. Finally, we briefly explore the relationship between the two-component system and the bi-Hamiltonian AKNS hierarchy.
Joint ECOTIP / FACE-IT / CHARTER factsheet on Arctic Land-Coast-Ocean Interaction in the melting cryosphere
Creators: name: GRID-Arendal
name: University of Lappland
name: University of Bremen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Fact sheet on Arctic "Land-Coast-Ocean Interaction in the melting cryosphere" as part of the fact sheet collection "Results in and Research Gaps of Arctic Biodiversity Research". The fact sheets present joint results and research gaps indentified by the EU H2020-funded projects ECOTIP, FACE-IT, and CHARTER. The fact sheets have been published in April 2024.
title: Buchmarkt und Zeitschriften in Wien 1760-1785
Creators: name: Seidler, Wolfram
Year: 1992

description: An der Entwicklung des Zeitschriftenwesens in Wien während der Jahre 1760-1785 lässt sich gut die Entwicklung einer literarisch interessierten bürgerlichen Öffentlichkeit nachzeichnen. Die Verhältnisse am österreichischen Buchmarkt werden ebenso analysiert wie der Anteil bestimmender Persönlichkeiten des literarischen Lebens (Aloys Blumauer) an der Herausbildung dieser Öffentlichkeit. Analysiert werden auch Fragen der Zensur und die Entwicklung der sogenannten Tagesschriftsteller. Wochenzeitschriften und Broschürenflut, Auflagenzahlen und der "Kampf" ums Publikum werden in jeweils eigenen Kapiteln behandelt.
Cross-Lingual Knowledge Distillation for Answer Sentence Selection in Low-Resource Languages
Creators: name: Gupta, Shivanshu
name: Matsubara, Yoshitomo
name: Chadha, Ankit
name: Moschitti, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While impressive performance has been achieved on the task of Answer Sentence Selection (AS2) for English, the same does not hold for languages that lack large labeled datasets. In this work, we propose Cross-Lingual Knowledge Distillation (CLKD) from a strong English AS2 teacher as a method to train AS2 models for low-resource languages in the tasks without the need of labeled data for the target language. To evaluate our method, we introduce 1) Xtr-WikiQA, a translation-based WikiQA dataset for 9 additional languages, and 2) TyDi-AS2, a multilingual AS2 dataset with over 70K questions spanning 8 typologically diverse languages. We conduct extensive experiments on Xtr-WikiQA and TyDi-AS2 with multiple teachers, diverse monolingual and multilingual pretrained language models (PLMs) as students, and both monolingual and multilingual training. The results demonstrate that CLKD either outperforms or rivals even supervised fine-tuning with the same amount of labeled data and a combination of machine translation and the teacher model. Our method can potentially enable stronger AS2 models for low-resource languages, while TyDi-AS2 can serve as the largest multilingual AS2 dataset for further studies in the research community.
description: Accepted at ACL 2023 as a long paper (Findings). Datasets are available at https://huggingface.co/datasets/AmazonScience/xtr-wiki_qa and https://huggingface.co/datasets/AmazonScience/tydi-as2
Simulation of mechanical effects of hydrogen in bicrystalline Cu using DFT and bond order potentials
Creators: name: Fotopoulos, Vasileios
name: Shluger, Alexander L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrogen embrittlement is a prime cause of several degradation effects in metals. Since grain boundaries (GBs) act efficiently as sinks for hydrogen atoms, H is thought to segregate in these regions, affecting the local formation of dislocations. However, it remains unclear at which concentrations H begins to play any role in the mechanical properties of Cu. In the current study, we use density functional theory (DFT) to assess the accuracy of a bond order potential (BOP) in simulating the segregation of H in Cu GB. BOP accurately predicts the most favorable segregation sites of H in Cu GB, along with the induced lattice relaxation effects. H is found to weaken the crystal by reducing the GB separation energy. Classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using BOP are performed to evaluate the concentration of H in bicrystalline Cu required to substantially impact the crystal's mechanical strength. For concentrations higher than 10 mass ppm, H significantly reduces the yield strength of bicrystalline Cu samples during uniaxial tensile strain application. This effect was attributed to the fact that H interstitials within the GB promoted the formation of partial dislocations.
Bearing-based Simultaneous Localization and Affine Formation Tracking for Fixed-wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Creators: name: Huiming, Li
name: Zhiyong, Sun
name: Hao, Chen
name: Xiangke, Wang
name: Lincheng, Shen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies the bearing-based simultaneous localization and affine formation tracking (SLAFT) control problem for fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). In the considered problem, only a small set of UAVs, named leaders, can obtain their global positions, and the other UAVs only have access to bearing information relative to their neighbors. To address the problem, we propose novel schemes by integrating the distributed bearing-based self-localization algorithm and the observer-based affine formation tracking controller. The designed localization algorithm estimates the global position by using inter-UAV bearing measurements, and the observer-based controller tracks the desired formation with the estimated positions. A key distinction of our approach is extending the SLAFT control scheme to the bearing-based coordination of nonholonomic UAV systems, where the desired inter-UAV bearings can be time-varying, instead of constant ones assumed in most of the existing results. Two control schemes with different convergence rates are designed to meet desired task requirements under different conditions. The stability analysis of the two schemes for SLAFT control is proved, and numerous simulations are carried out to validate the theoretical analysis.
description: Accepted by Aerospace Science and Technology
Integrative analysis of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq for cells infected by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1
Creators: name: Tanaka, Azusa
name: Ishitsuka, Yasuhiro
name: Ohta, Hiroki
name: Takenouchi, Norihiro
name: Nakagawa, Masanori
name: Koh, Ki-Ryang
name: Onishi, Chiho
name: Tanaka, Hiromitsu
name: Fujimoto, Akihiro
name: Yasunaga, Jun-ichirou
name: Matsuoka, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) causes adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM) after a long latent period in a fraction of infected individuals. These HTLV-1-infected cells typically have phenotypes similar to that of CD4${^+}$ T cells, but the cell status is not well understood. To extract the inherent information of HTLV-1-infected CD4$^+$ cells, we integratively analyzed the ATAC-seq and RNA-seq data of infected cells. Compared to CD4${^+}$ T cells from healthy donors, we found anomalous chromatin accessibility in HTLV-1-infected CD4${^+}$ cells derived from ATL cases in terms of location and sample-to-sample fluctuations in open chromatin regions. Further, by focusing on systematically selected genes near the open chromatin regions, all the gene expressions in ATL cases were found to be distinct from those of healthy CD4$^+$ T cells. Based on a further analysis of chromatin accessibility, we detected TLL1 (Tolloid Like 1) as one of the key genes that exhibit unique gene expressions in ATL cases. A luciferase assay indicated that TLL1 has a strong regulatory effect on TGF-$β$. Overall, this study provides results about the status of HTLV-1 infected cells, which are qualitatively consistent across the different scales of chromatin accessibility, transcription, and immunophenotype.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures
Datenmanagement und Datenbereitstellung
Creators: name: Kerwer, Martin
name: Dehnhard, Ina
name: Guenther, Armin
name: Boelter, Ronny
name: Weichselgartner, Erich
Publisher: name: Leibniz Institut für Psychologie (ZPID)
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: data management
subject: DataWiz
subject: PsychData
subject: data sharing
subject: 150

description: Der Vortrag war Teil des Workshops "Datenmanagement und Datenbereitstellung", der am 24.05.2017 am Psychologischen Institut der Philipps-Universität Marburg durchgeführt wurde. Strukturiert nach dem Forschungsdatenlebenszyklus wurde ein Überblick über verschiedene Aspekte des Forschungsdatenmanagements in der Psychologie gegeben. Vorgestellt wurden in diesem Kontext Wege zur Bereitstellung psychologischer Forschungsdaten und damit verbundene Problemstellungen des Forschungsdatenmanagements. Anschließend wurde, orientiert an den DGPs Empfehlungen zum Umgang mit Forschungsdaten, die Aufbereitung von Forschungsdaten thematisiert und erklärt, wie das Assistenzsystem DataWiz Forschende bei dieser Aufgabe unterstützen soll.