Attemsostreptus reflexus Akkari & Enghoff 2019
Creators: name: Enghoff, Henrik
name: Ngute, Alain S. K.
name: Kwezaura, Revocatus L.
name: Laizzer, Richard L.
name: Lyatuu, Herman M.
name: Mhagawale, Waziri
name: Mnendendo, Hamidu R.
name: Marshall, Andrew R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Diplopoda
Spirostreptida
Spirostreptidae
Attemsostreptus
Attemsostreptus reflexus

description: Attemsostreptus reflexus Akkari & Enghoff, 2019
Figs 2, 3A–B, 4–7
Attemsostreptus reflexus Akkari & Enghoff, 2019: 3
Diagnosis
Easily distinguishable from congeners by the extremely long lateroapical metaplical process bent in a U-shape (Figs 3B, 7A).
Material examined (total 25 ♂♂, 33 ♀♀, 78 juvs)
TANZANIA – Morogoro Region, Kilombero District, Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mwanihana • 4 ♂♂, 9 ♀♀, 11 juvs; Njokamoni; 07°50′35.9″ S, 36°52′38.6″ E; 474 m a.s.l.; 20 Dec. 2021; A. Ngute, R. Malanda, W. Mhagawale, A. Marshall leg.; FoRCE Plot 10, closed canopy; COLL. NHMD - ACC.NO. 2022-EN-003; NHMD 621851 • 1 ♂, 12 juvs; same collection data as for preceding; 07°50′31.9″ S, 36°52′471″ E; 401 m a.s.l.; 21 Dec. 2021; FoRCE Plot 11, open canopy; NHMD 621852 • 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀, 1 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 07°50′33.2″ S, 36°52′54.9″ E; 357 m a.s.l.; 22 Dec. 2021; FoRCE Plot 12, open canopy; NHMD 621853 • 1 ♀, 12 juvs; Sonjo; 07°48′22.6″ S, 36°52′17.0″ E; 579 m a.s.l.; 14 Dec. 2021; A. Ngute, R. Malanda, H. Mnendendo, W. Mhagawale, A. Mpoto, A. Marshall leg.; FoRCE Plot 13, closed canopy; NHMD 621854 • 2 juvs; same collection data as for preceding; 07°48′24.4″ S, 36°52′21.7″ E; 589 m a.s.l.; 15 Dec. 2021; FoRCE Plot 14, open canopy; NHMD 621855 • 1 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 07°48′22.3″ S, 36°52′32.2″ E; 595 m a.s.l.; 17 Dec. 2021; FoRCE Plot 15, open canopy; NHMD 621856 • 3 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, 1 juv.; Sanje; 07°46′43.4″ S, 36°54′04.3″ E; 504 m a.s.l.; 26 Feb. 2022; A. Ngute, E. Kivambe, R. Malanda, H. Mnendendo, W. Mhagawale, M. Mpoto, A. Marshall leg.; FoRCE Plot 24, open canopy; NHMD 621857 • 3 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 07°46′47.6″ S, 36°54′07.6″ E; 495 m a.s.l.; 23 Feb. 2022; FoRCE Plot 25, open canopy; NHMD 621858 • 1 ♀, 2 juvs; same collection data as for preceding; 07°46′52.1″ S, 36°54′11.8″ E; 421 m a.s.l.; 20 Feb. 2022; A. Ngute, E. Kivambe, R. Malanda, W. Mhagawale, H. Mnendendo, A. Marshall leg.; FoRCE Plot 92, open canopy; NHMD 621859 • 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 07°47′03.0″ S, 36°54′05.8″ E; 410 m a.s.l.; A. Ngute, E. Kivambe, R. Malanda, W. Mhagawale, H. Mnendendo, A. Marshall leg.; FoRCE Plot 93, open canopy; NHMD 621860. – Morogoro Region, Kilombero District, Udzungwa Mountains National Park • 1 ♂, 2 juvs; 07°49′21.7″ S, 36°58′57.1″ E; 283 m a.s.l.; 30 Jan. 2020; A. Ngute and A.R. Marshall leg.; micro-FoRCE plot 12, closed forest; COLL. NHMD. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; NHMD 621861 • 2 ♀♀, 1 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 07°49′13.2″ S, 36°58′57.1″ E; 334 m a.s.l.; 25 Feb. 2020; micro-FoRCE plot 17; open forest; NHMD 621862 • 2 ♂♂, 4 juvs; same collection data as for preceding; 07°50′14.5″ S, 36°53′07.8″ E; 358 m a.s.l.; 13 Feb. 2020; micro-FoRCE plot 18; closed forest; NHMD 621863 • 2 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 07°49′46.5″ S, 36°53′27.9″ E; 347 m a.s.l.; 27 Feb. 2020; micro-FoRCE plot 20, open forest; NHMD 621864 • 1 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 07°48′53.2″ S, 36°54′13.9″ E; 282 m a.s.l.; 5 Mar. 2020; micro-FoRCE plot 22, open forest; NHMD 621865 • 2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀; same collection data as for preceding; 07°49′03.6″ S, 36°57′33.9″ E; 280 m a.s.l.; 16 Mar. 2020; micro-FoRCE plot 27, closed forest; NHMD 621866 • 1 ♀, 7 juvs; same collection data as for preceding; 07°47′43.1″ S, 36°53′57.6″ E; 331 m a.s.l.; 19 Feb. 2020; micro-FoRCE plot 28, open forest; NHMD 621867 • 1 ♂, 4 ♀, 9 juvs; same collection data as for preceding; 07°47′01.1″ S, 36°54′13.9″ E; 381 m a.s.l.; 15 Feb. 2020; micro-FoRCE plot 30, closed florest; COLL. NHMD. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; NHMD 621868. – Morogoro Region, Kilombero District, Magombera Nature Reserve • 1 ♂, 3 ♀, 10 juvs; 07°48′53.0″ S, 36°58′29.0″ E; 285 m a.s.l; 5 Mar. 2018; A.R. Marshall leg.; half-FoRCE plot 2, closed forest; COLL. NHMD. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; NHMD 621869 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for preceding; 07°48′59.4″ S, 36°57′55.6″ E; 280 m a.s.l.; 14 Mar. 2018; half-FoRCE plot 3, closed forest; NHMD 621870 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for preceding; 07°49′03.0″ S, 36°57′35.2″ E; 284 m a.s.l.; 15 Mar. 2018; half-FoRCE plot 4, closed forest; NHMD 621871 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 1 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 07°48′30.9″ S, 36°59′33.1″ E; 287 m; 19 Feb. 2018; half-FoRCE plot 37, open forest; NHMD 621872 • 1 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 07°48′21.5″ S, 36°59′47.5″ E; 287 m a.s.l.; 17 Feb. 2018; half-FoRCE plot 38, open forest; NHMD 621873 • 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; 07°48′53.0″ S, 36°58′29.0″ E; 285 m; 27 Jun. 2019; A. Ngute and A.R. Marshall leg.; half-FoRCE plot 2, closed forest; COLL. NHMD. ACC.NO. 2020-EN-002; NHMD 621874 • 1 ♂, 6 ♀♀, 1 juv.; same collection data as for preceding; 07°49′03.0″ S, 36°57′36.2″ E; 284 m a.s.l.; half-FoRCE plot 4, closed forest; NHMD 621875.
Descriptive notes (males)
This species was recently described and illustrated with photographs (Akkari & Enghoff 2019). We here provide descriptive notes based on the new material from the Udzungwa Mountains.
SIZE. Males: vertical diameter 3.6–4.6 mm; 52–54 podous rings, no apodous rings in front of telson.
COLLUM (Fig. 4A). With smooth surface, with 3 strong lateral striae/carinae, above and below these a few indistinct ones, a short stria/carina in each of the spaces between the main ones.
BODY RINGS (Fig. 5). Anterior part of prozonite (pz) with fine, dense transverse furrows; central part with an irregular mesh of cells delimited by fine ridges; posterior row of cells longer and more regular; surface of cells pitted; suture (sut) between pro- and metazonite delimited by sharp edge, a row of tiny, sub-quadrate cells between edge and posterior row of prozonital cells (Fig. 5E). Metazonite (mz) with densely set sharp ridges throughout perimeter, anterior part of ridges with string-of-bead-like sculpture, surface between ridges pitted. Ozopore (Fig. 5D, F) ca ⅓ metazonite length behind suture, oval, surrounded by narrow concentric cytoscutes and with a conical sclerotized plug. No sigilla.
TELSON (Fig. 4B–D). Preanal ring (pr) with coarsely rugose surface. Anal valves (av) with strongly developed submarginal lips; apical and mesal surface of lips smooth, outer surface of lips and rest of valves with coarsely rugose microsculpture.
LEGS (Fig. 6). Male legs with well-developed ventral pads on postfemur and tibia (Fig. 6E). First pair (Fig. 6A–D): coxosternum with lateral groups of a few setae (cxs). Prefemoral lobes (pfl) in ventral view equilaterally triangular, pointed, covered with minute short spines (Fig. 6D).
GONOPODS (Figs 3B, 7). As described by Akkari & Enghoff (2019). Notable details include 1) coxal metaplica (mp) apically folded back on anterior side, forming a “roof” or canopy (mr) over gonocoel; 2) distomesal metaplical spine (mcs) long, protruding at angles (ca 40°) from mesal metaplical margin; 3) tip of telopodite bifurcate, one branch (sl) lamellar, with transverse, slightly serrated tip, the other (solenomere, slm) acuminate.
Descriptive notes (females)
Diameter up to 5.1 mm; 52–55 podous rings, no apodous rings in front of telson.
Distribution and habitat
In the Udzungwa Mountains, it was found on 25 plots of the FoRCE experiment of which 11 are with open canopy and 14 with closed canopy. The total altitudinal range is 280–595 m a.s.l. Although abundant in the FoRCE material, the species is absent from older collections, maybe an indication that it is a recent immigrant to the Udzungwa Mountains. The only other precise record of the species is from Kimboza Forest Reserve in the Uluguru Mountains, Tanzania (Akkari & Enghoff 2019).
description: Published as part of Enghoff, Henrik, Ngute, Alain S. K., Kwezaura, Revocatus L., Laizzer, Richard L., Lyatuu, Herman M., Mhagawale, Waziri, Mnendendo, Hamidu R. & Marshall, Andrew R., 2024, A mountain of millipedes XI. The trachystreptoform spirostreptids of the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Spirostreptidae), pp. 1-50 in European Journal of Taxonomy 918 (1) on pages 6-13, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.918.2405, http://zenodo.org/record/10554532