Elmohardyia quadricornis Marques & Rafael, 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Marques, Dayse W. A.
name: Rafael, José A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Pipunculidae
Elmohardyia
Elmohardyia quadricornis

description: Elmohardyia quadricornis sp. nov.
Figs 147–162
Diagnosis. Tergite 2 with narrow basal gray pruinose band and two posterolateral gray pruinose spots. Sternite 6 lighter at apex with a rounded and somewhat translucid subapical projection and a subtriangular expanded distal projection. Surstyli asymmetrical. Left surstylus strongly developed, about 2.2X longer than right surstylus. Right gonopod well developed, almost reaching to the apex of phallic guide. Phallic guide with two additional processes, the dorsal most bifid. Phallus with a bifid spicule.
Description of male holotype. (Fig.147). Body length 4.5 mm. Head. Eyes contiguous for a distance of eighteen facets. F, EM, V = 0.4 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.4 mm. Frontal triangle and face gray pruinose. Postcranium dark, brown pruinose dorsally and gray pruinose laterally and ventrally. Antennae (Fig. 148) with scape dark; pedicel dark brown to black, with three dorsal and three ventral bristles; postpedicel dark brown at basal one third and remaining yellow. LPP/WPP = 2. Labellum dark yellow. Thorax. Postpronotal lobe brown, gray-brown pruinose. Scutum dark brown to black, brown pruinose. Notopleuron brown, gray pruinose with seven weak bristles. Scutellum dark brown to black, gray-brown pruinose, with inconspicuous bristles. Mesopleuron and mediotergite dark brown to black, gray pruinose. Wing. (Fig. 149). Length 4.8 mm. LW/MWW = 3.4. LTC/LFC = 1.0. Membrane hyaline, almost entirely covered with microtrichia, except for cells bc, basal two thirds of c, basal three quarters of sc, basal half of r1, small basal area of r2+3 and r4+5, br, superior part of bm, small basal area of cup and basal one third of anal lobe without or with very sparse microtrichia. Vein r-m placed near basal third of cell dm. Vein dm-cu straight. Halter brown with middle part of stem yellow. Legs. (Fig. 147). Coxae dark brown to black, gray pruinose. Trochanters dark yellow to brown. Femora dark brown to black with base and apex yellow, entirely gray pruinose posteriorly. Tibiae dark yellow to brown, gray pruinose posteriorly. Tarsi dark yellow to brown, except fifth tarsomere darker or entirely black. Pulvilli yellow. Abdomen. (Fig. 150). Dark brown to black, gray pruinose on tergite 1, on narrow basal band on tergite 2 and on posterolateral spots on tergites 2–5; tergite 1 with three small black bristles laterally. Tergite 6 and sternites 6, 7 as in Fig. 151. Sternite 6 (Fig. 152) lighter at apex with a rounded and somewhat translucid subapical projection and a subtriangular expanded distal projection. Syntergosternite 8 dark brown to black, slightly shorter than tergite 5, brown pruinose anteriorly, gray pruinose laterally and posteriorly (Fig. 151) and with large membranous area (Fig. 153). Terminalia. Epandrium and surstyli yellow (Fig. 154). Surstyli (Figs 154–155) asymmetrical. Left surstylus strongly developed, about 2.2X longer than right surstylus; with basal lobe and apex truncated; lateral view as in Fig. 156. Right surstylus with acute apex (Figs 155, 157). Subepandrial esclerite as in Fig. 158. Right gonopod developed, almost reaching the level of phallic guide apex (Fig. 160). Phallic guide (Fig. 160) with two additional processes, dorsal most bifid. Phallus with a developed bifid spicule (Fig. 161). Ejaculatory apodeme as in Fig. 162. Female unknown.
Variations (n=2). Body length 4.4–4.6 mm (two paratypes headless); Wing length 4.5–4.7.
Type Material. HOLOTYPE ♂: “ BRASIL, PI[auí], Guaribas, Parque Nacional Serra das Confusões, Andorinha, 515 m, 09°08'27.8"S, 43°33'42.1"W ” “Armadilha de Malaise, 20–31.x.2013, J.A. Rafael, F. Limeirade-Oliveira & T.T.A. Silva cols [collectors]” “ Holotype ♂, Elmohardyia quadricornis Marques & Rafael ” (CZMA). PARATYPES: idem, 15–31.vii.2013 (1♂ INPA); idem, 20–31.viii.2013 (1♂ CZMA); idem, 01– 10.ix.2013 (1♂ CZMA); idem, Suspensa simples (5 m), 20–30. ix. 2013 (1♂ INPA).
Holotype condition. Left wing detached, mounted on microslides. Terminalia placed in microvial with glycerin.
Etymology. From Latin, quadri = four + cornis = horn, refers to the apex of the the phallic guide with four projections.
Distribution. Brazil: Piauí (Caatinga Biome).
Discussion. Elmohardyia quadricornis sp. nov. is close to E. martae sp. nov. due to the strongly developed right gonopod, almost reaching to the apex of the phallic guide, and the long subapical spicule of the phallus. Elmohardyia quadricornis sp. nov. differs from E. martae sp. nov. by the somewhat subquadrangular apex of the left surstylus (somewhat triangular in E. martae sp. nov.), phallic guide with two additional processes (simple in E. martae sp. nov.), and the apically bifid subapical spicule (simple in E. martae sp. nov.).
description: Published as part of Marques, Dayse W. A. & Rafael, José A., 2015, Elmohardyia Rafael (Diptera, Pipunculidae) from northeastern Brazil: new records and description of new species, pp. 301-327 in Zootaxa 3972 (3) on pages 319-321, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3972.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/236454