Trigger and Aperture of the Surface Detector Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory
Creators: name: Abraham, J.
name: Abreu, P.
name: Aglietta, M.
name: Aguirre, C.
name: Ahn, E. J.
name: Allard, D.
name: Allekotte, I.
name: Allen, J.
name: Alvarez-Muñiz, J.
name: Ambrosio, M.
name: Anchordoqui, L.
name: Andringa, S.
name: Anzalone, A.
name: Aramo, C.
name: Arganda, E.
name: Argirò, S.
name: Arisaka, K.
name: Arneodo, F.
name: Arqueros, F.
name: Asch, T.
name: Asorey, H.
name: Assis, P.
name: Aublin, J.
name: Ave, M.
name: Avila, G.
name: Bäcker, T.
name: Badagnani, D.
name: Barber, K. B.
name: Barbosa, A. F.
name: Barroso, S. L. C.
name: Baughman, B.
name: Bauleo, P.
name: Beatty, J. J.
name: Beau, T.
name: Becker, B. R.
name: Becker, K. H.
name: Bellétoile, A.
name: Bellido, J. A.
name: BenZvi, S.
name: Berat, C.
name: Bernardini, P.
name: Bertou, X.
name: Biermann, P. L.
name: Billoir, P.
name: Blanch-Bigas, O.
name: Blanco, F.
name: Bleve, C.
name: Blümer, H.
name: Boháčová, M.
name: Boncioli, D.
name: Bonifazi, C.
name: Bonino, R.
name: Borodai, N.
name: Brack, J.
name: Brogueira, P.
name: Brown, W. C.
name: Bruijn, R.
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name: Bueno, A.
name: Burton, R. E.
name: Busca, N. G.
name: Caballero-Mora, K. S.
name: Caramete, L.
name: Caruso, R.
name: Carvalho, W.
name: Castellina, A.
name: Catalano, O.
name: Cazon, L.
name: Cester, R.
name: Chauvin, J.
name: Chiavassa, A.
name: Chinellato, J. A.
name: Chou, A.
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name: Chye, J.
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name: Colombo, E.
name: Conceição, R.
name: Connolly, B.
name: Contreras, F.
name: Coppens, J.
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name: Cotti, U.
name: Coutu, S.
name: Covault, C. E.
name: Creusot, A.
name: Criss, A.
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name: Curutiu, A.
name: Dagoret-Campagne, S.
name: Dallier, R.
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name: Dawson, B. R.
name: de Almeida, R. M.
name: De Domenico, M.
name: De Donato, C.
name: de Jong, S. J.
name: De La Vega, G.
name: Junior, W. J. M. de Mello
name: Neto, J. R. T. de Mello
name: De Mitri, I.
name: de Souza, V.
name: de Vries, K. D.
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name: del Peral, L.
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name: D'Olivo, J. C.
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name: D'Urso, D.
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name: DuVernois, M. A.
name: Engel, R.
name: Erdmann, M.
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name: Etchegoyen, A.
name: Luis, P. Facal San
name: Falcke, H.
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name: Holmes, V. C.
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name: Horneffer, A.
name: Hrabovský, M.
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name: Hussain, M.
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name: Insolia, A.
name: Ionita, F.
name: Italiano, A.
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name: Kaducak, M.
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name: de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui
name: Lemiere, A.
name: Letessier-Selvon, A.
name: Leuthold, M.
name: Lhenry-Yvon, I.
name: López, R.
name: Agüera, A. Lopez
name: Louedec, K.
name: Bahilo, J. Lozano
name: Lucero, A.
name: Lyberis, H.
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name: Maldera, S.
name: Mandat, D.
name: Mantsch, P.
name: Mariazzi, A. G.
name: Maris, I. C.
name: Falcon, H. R. Marquez
name: Martello, D.
name: Bravo, O. Martínez
name: Mathes, H. J.
name: Matthews, J.
name: Matthews, J. A. J.
name: Matthiae, G.
name: Maurizio, D.
name: Mazur, P. O.
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name: McNeil, R. R.
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name: Melissas, M.
name: Melo, D.
name: Menichetti, E.
name: Menshikov, A.
name: Meyhandan, R.
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name: Miele, G.
name: Miller, W.
name: Miramonti, L.
name: Mollerach, S.
name: Monasor, M.
name: Ragaigne, D. Monnier
name: Montanet, F.
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Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory consists of 1600 water-Cherenkov detectors, for the study of extensive air showers (EAS) generated by ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. We describe the trigger hierarchy, from the identification of candidate showers at the level of a single detector, amongst a large background (mainly random single cosmic ray muons), up to the selection of real events and the rejection of random coincidences. Such trigger makes the surface detector array fully efficient for the detection of EAS with energy above $3\times 10^{18}$ eV, for all zenith angles between 0$^\circ$ and 60$^\circ$, independently of the position of the impact point and of the mass of the primary particle. In these range of energies and angles, the exposure of the surface array can be determined purely on the basis of the geometrical acceptance.
description: 29 pages, 12 figures