cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evidence for suppression of structure growth in the concordance cosmological model
Creators: name: Nguyen, Nhat-Minh
name: Huterer, Dragan
name: Wen, Yuewei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present evidence for a suppressed growth rate of large-scale structure during the dark-energy dominated era. Modeling the growth rate of perturbations with the ``growth index'' $γ$, we find that current cosmological data strongly prefer a higher growth index than the value $γ=0.55$ predicted by general relativity in a flat $Λ$CDM cosmology. Both the cosmic microwave background data from Planck and the large-scale structure data from weak lensing, galaxy clustering, and cosmic velocities separately favor growth suppression. When combined, they yield $γ=0.633^{+0.025}_{-0.024}$, excluding $γ=0.55$ at a statistical significance of 3.7$σ$. The combination of $fσ_8$ and Planck measurements prefers an even higher growth index of $γ=0.639^{+0.024}_{-0.025}$, corresponding to a 4.2$σ$-tension with the concordance model. In Planck data, the suppressed growth rate offsets the preference for nonzero curvature and fits the data equally well as the latter model. A higher $γ$ leads to a higher matter fluctuation amplitude $S_8$ inferred from galaxy clustering and weak lensing measurements, and a lower $S_8$ from Planck data, effectively resolving the $S_8$ tension.
description: 5 pages + references; 5 figures, 2 tables, 2900 words. Comments welcome! v2: a few more pages and figures, just enough number of words; PRL in press
Rescattering effects in nucleon-to-meson form factors and application to tau-lepton-induced proton decay
Creators: name: Crivellin, Andreas
name: Hoferichter, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nucleon decays put extremely stringent bounds on baryon-number-violating interactions. However, in case the corresponding operators involve only $τ$ leptons, the direct two-body decays, e.g., $p\toπ^0 τ^+$, are kinematically not allowed and nucleon decay can only proceed via an off-shell $τ$, leading to $p\to π^0\ell^+ν_\ell\barν_τ$. To calculate such processes, the momentum dependence of the form factors for nucleon-to-meson transitions, which describe the hadronization of the underlying process at the quark level, is needed. In this work, we point out new isospin and Fierz relations among such proton-kaon matrix elements and calculate the momentum dependence of the nucleon-to-meson form factors from the universal final-state interactions in terms of pion-nucleon or kaon-nucleon scattering phase shifts. We use these results to derive novel limits on the Wilson coefficients of the baryon-number-violating dimension-$6$ operators involving a $τ$ lepton, which were previously unconstrained.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Fibrotic Interstitial Lung Disease as a Sequelae of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia: A Case Report
Creators: name: MO, Onyeaghala AC, Chika-Igwenyi NM, Unigwe US, Nwosu N, Okorie J, Ude C, Chukwu K, Iroezindu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Diseases

description: Background: About one-third of hospitalized COVID-19 patients eventually develop post-disease fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD) upon recovery. The objective of this case report is to describe this emerging complication in a Nigerian woman and emphasize the need for enhanced surveillance. Methods: A case report of a Nigerian woman managed for post-COVID-19 complications at the Infectious Diseases/Tropical Medicine Unit of the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH) in January/February 2021. Results: A 74-year-old woman with background hypertension who presented with productive cough, low-grade fever and breathlessness of 2 weeks duration, with associated pleuritic chest pain, anosmia, dysgeusia and headache. Relevant investigations showed anaemia, leucocytosis with neutrophilia and lymphocytosis, elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and elevated D-dimer. Chest radiograph revealed reduced lung volumes in the right lung. Real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal swab samples was positive for SARS-CoV-2. She was diagnosed as severe COVID-19 pneumonia possibly complicated by lung fibrosis. She was admitted in the isolation centre under strict infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines and commenced on non-invasive ventilation (NIV) using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), anticoagulants, low-dose corticosteroids, antibiotics, ivermectin and colchicine. After 11 days of intensive care unit admission, she was discharged to the ward following remarkable improvement, and was eventually discharged on day 25. At her first visit at the post-COVID-19 clinic, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest showed coarse interstitial densities dominated by peri-bronchial cuffing bilaterally; ground glass densities on both apices and patchy fibrotic sub-pleural densities in the right lung base. Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) revealed moderate restrictive disease. She reported residual breathlessness but was otherwise stable. Conclusions: This case reinforces the need for close outpatient follow up of patients who recovered from symptomatic COVID-19. Since the true long-term implications of the disease are still evolving, there is a need for clinicians to maintain vigilance in order to ensure early recognition and timely management of complications to prevent permanent lung damage.
Nuclear shell-model simulation in digital quantum computers
Creators: name: Pérez-Obiol, A.
name: Romero, A. M.
name: Menéndez, J.
name: Rios, A.
name: García-Sáez, A.
name: Juliá-Díaz, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nuclear shell model is one of the prime many-body methods to study the structure of atomic nuclei, but it is hampered by an exponential scaling on the basis size as the number of particles increases. We present a shell-model quantum circuit design strategy to find nuclear ground states by exploiting an adaptive variational quantum eigensolver algorithm. Our circuit implementation is in excellent agreement with classical shell-model simulations for a dozen of light and medium-mass nuclei, including neon and calcium isotopes. We quantify the circuit depth, width and number of gates to encode realistic shell-model wavefunctions. Our strategy also addresses explicitly energy measurements and the required number of circuits to perform them. Our simulated circuits approach the benchmark results exponentially with a polynomial scaling in quantum resources for each nucleus. This work paves the way for quantum computing shell-model studies across the nuclear chart and our quantum resource quantification may be used in configuration-interaction calculations of other fermionic systems.
description: Version matching published version
Spectral form factors and dynamical localization
Creators: name: Lozej, Črt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum dynamical localization occurs when quantum interference stops the diffusion of wave packets in momentum space. The expectation is that dynamical localization will occur when the typical transport time of the momentum diffusion is greater than the Heisenberg time. The transport time is typically computed from the corresponding classical dynamics. In this paper, we present an alternative approach based purely on the study of spectral fluctuations of the quantum system. The information about the transport times is encoded in the spectral form factor, which is the Fourier transform of the two-point spectral autocorrelation function. We compute large samples of the energy spectra (of the order of $10^6$ levels) and spectral form factors of 22 stadium billiards with parameter values across the transition between the localized and extended eigenstate regimes. The transport time is obtained from the point when the spectral form factor transitions from the non-universal to the universal regime predicted by random matrix theory. We study the dependence of the transport time on the parameter value and show the level repulsion exponents, that are known to be a good measure of dynamical localization, depend linearly on the transport times obtained in this way.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
A corporate approach to municipal management in Victoria
Creators: name: Morgan, Eryl.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
A Herschel study of the high-mass protostar IRAS20126+4104
Creators: name: Cesaroni, R.
name: Faustini, F.
name: Galli, D.
name: Lorenzani, A.
name: Molinari, S.
name: Testi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed Herschel observations of the continuum and line emission from the high-mass star-forming region IRAS20126+4104, which hosts a well-studied B-type (proto)star powering a bipolar outflow and is associated with a Keplerian circumstellar disk. The continuum images at six wavelengths allowed us to derive an accurate estimate of the bolometric luminosity and mass of the molecular clump enshrouding the disk. The same region has been mapped in 12 rotational transitions of carbon monoxide, which were used in synergy with the continuum data to determine the temperature and density distribution inside the clump and improve upon the mass estimate. The maps of two fine structure oxygen far-IR lines were used to estimate the volume density of the shocked region at the surface of the southern lobe of the outflow and the mass-loss rate. Our findings lend further support to the scenario previously proposed by various authors, confirming that at the origin of the bolometric luminosity and bipolar outflow from IRAS20126+4104 is a B-type star located at the centre of the Keplerian disk.
description: To be published on Astronomy and Astrophysics
Enhanced Star Formation of Less Massive Galaxies in a Proto-Cluster at z=2.5
Creators: name: Hayashi, Masao
name: Kodama, Tadayuki
name: Tanaka, Ichi
name: Shimakawa, Rhythm
name: Koyama, Yusei
name: Tadaki, Ken-ichi
name: Suzuki, Tomoko L.
name: Yamamoto, Moegi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a correlation between star-formation rate (SFR) and stellar mass for Halpha emission line galaxies (HAEs) in one of the richest proto-clusters ever known at z~2.5, USS 1558-003 proto-cluster. This study is based on a 9.7-hour narrow-band imaging data with MOIRCS on the Subaru telescope. We are able to construct a sample, in combination with additional H-band data taken with WFC3 on Hubble Space Telescope (HST), of 100 HAEs reaching the dust-corrected SFRs down to 3 Msun/yr and the stellar masses down to $10^{8.0}$ Msun. We find that while the star-forming galaxies with >$10^{9.3}$ Msun are located on the universal SFR-mass main sequence irrespective of the environment, less massive star-forming galaxies with
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in the ApJ Letters
The Risk of Increased Antimicrobial Resistant Pathogens in COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: F, Yusuf I, Sarkinfada
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Diseases

description: Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a resistance of microorganisms to an antimicrobial medicine which were previously active against them to cured infections. AMR is caused by the inappropriate use of antimicrobial medicines and other active agents. COVID-19 pandemic response strategies led to a diversion of attention and resources in health care systems to prevent the escalation of the pandemic. This has placed a great barrier to diagnosis and treatment of other illnesses that share common symptoms with COVID-19, and that has consequently increased the practice of self-medication with antimicrobials in many Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC). The mitigation strategies of COVID-19 pandemic, particularly the partial or total lockdown, and restricting access to health care facilities have further increased the demand of antimicrobial agents from unauthorized outlets in communities for inappropriate use. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of 162 randomly selected individuals that visited medical stores and 170 medical store owners to evaluate the level of self-medication with five oral broad-spectrum antibiotics and anti-malarial drugs during the lockdown in Kano, Nigeria. Results: 111 of 162 (68.5%) of the participants practiced self-medication with antimicrobials to treat symptoms of ailments including malaria and common cold. Up to 26 of 162 (16%) indicated using sanitizers. Irrational application of hand sanitizers to the nostrils and elbows was observed among 7 of 26 (26.7%) hand sanitizer users. Of the 170 medical shop owners, 103 (60.5%) claimed to have sold antibiotics to clients without a doctor's prescription, while 78 (46%) combined antimalarial and antibiotics to treat any form of fever. Conclusions: Mitigating strategies for COVID-19 could result in the increased antimicrobial use that is likely to exacerbate the AMR public health problem in LMIC. Policy makers need to consider the potential risk of increased AMR amidst response strategies to COVID-19 in LMIC.
The macroscopic pancake bounce
Creators: name: Bro, Jonas Andersen
name: Jensen, Kasper Sternberg Brogaard
name: Larsen, Alex Nygaard
name: Yeomans, Julia M.
name: Hecksher, Tina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the so-called pancake bounce of millimetric water droplets on surfaces patterned with hydrophobic posts [Nat. Phys. 10, 515 (2014)] can be reproduced on larger scales. In our experiment, a bed of nails plays the role of the structured surface and a water balloon models the water droplet. The macroscopic version largely reproduces the features of the microscopic experiment, including the Weber number dependence and the reduced contact time for pancake bouncing. The scalability of the experiment confirms the mechanisms of pancake bouncing, and allows us to measure the force exerted on the surface during the bounce. The experiment is simple and inexpensive and is an example where front-line research is accessible to student projects.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
A Comprehensive Review and a Taxonomy of Edge Machine Learning: Requirements, Paradigms, and Techniques
Creators: name: Li, Wenbin
name: Hacid, Hakim
name: Almazrouei, Ebtesam
name: Debbah, Merouane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The union of Edge Computing (EC) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) has brought forward the Edge AI concept to provide intelligent solutions close to the end-user environment, for privacy preservation, low latency to real-time performance, and resource optimization. Machine Learning (ML), as the most advanced branch of AI in the past few years, has shown encouraging results and applications in the edge environment. Nevertheless, edge-powered ML solutions are more complex to realize due to the joint constraints from both edge computing and AI domains, and the corresponding solutions are expected to be efficient and adapted in technologies such as data processing, model compression, distributed inference, and advanced learning paradigms for Edge ML requirements. Despite the fact that a great deal of the attention garnered by Edge ML is gained in both the academic and industrial communities, we noticed the lack of a complete survey on existing Edge ML technologies to provide a common understanding of this concept. To tackle this, this paper aims at providing a comprehensive taxonomy and a systematic review of Edge ML techniques, focusing on the soft computing aspects of existing paradigms and techniques. We start by identifying the Edge ML requirements driven by the joint constraints. We then extensively survey more than twenty paradigms and techniques along with their representative work, covering two main parts: edge inference, and edge learning. In particular, we analyze how each technique fits into Edge ML by meeting a subset of the identified requirements. We also summarize Edge ML frameworks and open issues to shed light on future directions for Edge ML.
description: 60 pages, 8 figures, 8 tables, AI ISSN: 2673-2688
Reversible Multiparty Sessions with Checkpoints
Creators: name: Dezani-Ciancaglini, Mariangiola
name: Giannini, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D3.3;F3.3

description: Reversible interactions model different scenarios, like biochemical systems and human as well as automatic negotiations. We abstract interactions via multiparty sessions enriched with named checkpoints. Computations can either go forward or roll back to some checkpoints, where possibly different choices may be taken. In this way communications can be undone and different conversations may be tried. Interactions are typed with global types, which control also rollbacks. Typeability of session participants in agreement with global types ensures session fidelity and progress of reversible communications.
description: In Proceedings EXPRESS/SOS 2016, arXiv:1608.02692
Influence of self-disassembly of bridges on collective flow characteristics of swarm robots in a single-lane and periodic system with a gap
Creators: name: Ito, Kotaro
name: Nishi, Ryosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by the living bridges formed by ants, swarm robots have been developed to self-assemble bridges to span gaps and self-disassemble them. Self-disassembly of bridges (SDB) may increase the transport efficiency of swarm robots by increasing the number of moving robots, and also may decrease the efficiency by causing gaps to reappear. Our aim is to elucidate the influence of SDB on the collective flow characteristics of swarm robots in a single-lane and periodic system with a gap. In the system, robots span and cross the gap by self-assembling a single-layer bridge. We consider two scenarios in which SDB is prevented (prevent-scenario) or allowed (allow-scenario). We represent the horizontal movement of robots with a typical car-following model, and simply model the actions of robots for self-assembling and self-disassembling bridges. Numerical simulations have revealed the following results. Flow-density diagrams in both the scenarios shift to the higher-density region as the gap length increases. When density is low, allow-scenario exhibits the steady state of repeated self-assembly and self-disassembly of bridges. If density is extremely low, flow in this state is greater than flow in prevent-scenario owing to the increase in the number of robots moving horizontally. Otherwise, flow in this state is smaller than flow in prevent-scenario. Besides, flow in this state increases monotonically with respect to the velocity of robots in joining and leaving bridges. Thus, SDB is recommended for only extremely low-density conditions in periodic systems. Moreover, we have found hysteresis under the absence of periodic boundary conditions (in an open system). This study contributes to the development of the collective dynamics of self-driven particles that self-assemble structures, and stirs the dynamics with other self-assembled structures, such as ramps, chains, and towers.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures. Abstract is shortened
LISSNAS: Locality-based Iterative Search Space Shrinkage for Neural Architecture Search
Creators: name: Gopal, Bhavna
name: Sridhar, Arjun
name: Zhang, Tunhou
name: Chen, Yiran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Search spaces hallmark the advancement of Neural Architecture Search (NAS). Large and complex search spaces with versatile building operators and structures provide more opportunities to brew promising architectures, yet pose severe challenges on efficient exploration and exploitation. Subsequently, several search space shrinkage methods optimize by selecting a single sub-region that contains some well-performing networks. Small performance and efficiency gains are observed with these methods but such techniques leave room for significantly improved search performance and are ineffective at retaining architectural diversity. We propose LISSNAS, an automated algorithm that shrinks a large space into a diverse, small search space with SOTA search performance. Our approach leverages locality, the relationship between structural and performance similarity, to efficiently extract many pockets of well-performing networks. We showcase our method on an array of search spaces spanning various sizes and datasets. We accentuate the effectiveness of our shrunk spaces when used in one-shot search by achieving the best Top-1 accuracy in two different search spaces. Our method achieves a SOTA Top-1 accuracy of 77.6\% in ImageNet under mobile constraints, best-in-class Kendal-Tau, architectural diversity, and search space size.
Assessment of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Health Care Workers in a Tertiary Hospital in Enugu State, Nigeria: A Descriptive Hospital-based Cross- sectional Study
Creators: name: MO., Unigwe US, Chika-Igwenyi NM, Onyeaghala AC, Ude C, Olaitan AO, Ugwu CJ, Uchegbu KC, Onodugo O, Nwatu  CB, Iroezindu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Diseases

description: Background: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy is a major threat to global health. The role of health care workers (HCWs) as a trusted sources of health information has a potentially powerful influence on client vaccination decisions, thus their acceptance of COVID-19 vaccine may correlate with their willingness to recommend the vaccine to the general population. This study aimed to assess the awareness, knowledge and acceptance level of the COVID-19 vaccine among HCWs at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Enugu, Nigeria, during the third wave of the pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study using a self-administered questionnaire from July 15, 2021 to August 14, 2021 among 289 HCWs in UNTH. Data was collected about socio-demographic characteristics, respondent’s knowledge of COVID-19, risk perception of COVID-19 and willingness to receive COVID-19 vaccine. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences and descriptive statistical analyses were conducted using the Chi-square test at a 95% confidence interval. Results: Complete responses were retrieved from a total of 289 participants. Of these, 114(39.4%) were males and 175(60.6%) were females with 49.5% of the respondents aged 26 – 35 years. 49.8% of participants were willing to take the vaccine, 39.7% rejected, and 15.6% were indecisive. The commonest reasons for hesitancy were concerns of effectiveness, unforeseen adverse effects, and safety. The highest rejection was by the ward assistants (66.7%) while the highest acceptance was among the Pharmacists (75.6%). Conclusions: A significant number of HCWs were hesitant to COVID-19 vaccine for various reasons. Targeted enlightenment strategies to improve vaccine acceptance amongst HCWs is vital for implementing effective vaccination programs.
Local Petrovskii lacunas at parabolic singular points of wavefronts of strictly hyperbolic PDE's
Creators: name: Vassiliev, Victor A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L67, 14Q99

description: We enumerate the local Petrovskii lacunas (that is, the domains of local regularity of the principal fundamental solutions) of strictly hyperbolic PDE's with constant coefficients in $R^N$ at the parabolic singular points of their wavefronts. These points form the next difficult family of classes of the natural classification of singular points after the so-called simple singularities, studied previously. Also we promote a computer program counting for topologically different morsifications of critical points of smooth functions, and hence also for local components of the complement of a generic wavefront at its singular points.
The design and test results of A Giga-Bit Cable Receiver (GBCR) for the ATLAS Inner Tracker Pixel Detector
Creators: name: Zhang, L.
name: Gong, D.
name: Liu, T.
name: Chen, C.
name: Deng, B.
name: Hou, S.
name: Huang, G.
name: Huang, X.
name: Liu, C.
name: Moreira, P.
name: Sun, Q.
name: Sun, X.
name: Kulis, S.
name: Ye, J.
name: Zhang, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the design and test results of a Gigabit Cable Receiver ASIC called GBCR for the HL-LHC upgrade of the ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITk) pixel detector. Three prototypes (GBCR1, GBCR2, and GBCR3) have been designed in the CERN-identified 65 nm CMOS technology. GBCR receives seven (GBCR2) or six (GBCR3) channels (RX) each at 1.28 Gbps from the front-end readout chip RD53B via flex cables up to 1 meter and Twinax cables up to 5 meters and sends the equalized and retimed signals to lpGBT. Both GBCR2 and GBCR3 ASICs have two transmitting channels (TX) that pre-emphasize the signals from lpGBT before sending them to RD53B through the same cables. No Single-Event Upset (SEU) is observed in any tested channels of GBCR2 in a 400 MeV proton beam. The extrapolated bit error rate for the future HL-LHC application is below 8*10^(-16), significantly below the specified BER criterion. GBCR3 is designed to improve the immunity to single-event-upset by applying the Triple Modular Redundancy (TMR) technology to all RX channels. The retimed signals from GBCR3 have less total jitter than those from GBCR2 (35 ps versus 79 ps). Each receiver channel of GBCR3 consumes 75% more power than that of GBCR2.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Learning Multi-Agent Intention-Aware Communication for Optimal Multi-Order Execution in Finance
Creators: name: Fang, Yuchen
name: Tang, Zhenggang
name: Ren, Kan
name: Liu, Weiqing
name: Zhao, Li
name: Bian, Jiang
name: Li, Dongsheng
name: Zhang, Weinan
name: Yu, Yong
name: Liu, Tie-Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Order execution is a fundamental task in quantitative finance, aiming at finishing acquisition or liquidation for a number of trading orders of the specific assets. Recent advance in model-free reinforcement learning (RL) provides a data-driven solution to the order execution problem. However, the existing works always optimize execution for an individual order, overlooking the practice that multiple orders are specified to execute simultaneously, resulting in suboptimality and bias. In this paper, we first present a multi-agent RL (MARL) method for multi-order execution considering practical constraints. Specifically, we treat every agent as an individual operator to trade one specific order, while keeping communicating with each other and collaborating for maximizing the overall profits. Nevertheless, the existing MARL algorithms often incorporate communication among agents by exchanging only the information of their partial observations, which is inefficient in complicated financial market. To improve collaboration, we then propose a learnable multi-round communication protocol, for the agents communicating the intended actions with each other and refining accordingly. It is optimized through a novel action value attribution method which is provably consistent with the original learning objective yet more efficient. The experiments on the data from two real-world markets have illustrated superior performance with significantly better collaboration effectiveness achieved by our method.
description: Accepted in KDD 2023; The website is at https://seqml.github.io/marl4fin
Future prospects for the Australian paper and polyethylene bag industries
Creators: name: Baring, Geoffrey H. J.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Tokens of Knowledge: Outline of Western Theories of the Body and the Jesuit Medical Mission
Creators: name: Messom, Luke
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Jesuit
subject: Medicine
subject: Skeletal Medical Diagram

description: While the medical mission has been regarded by scholars as a failure in the sense that in that it seems to have had little impact on medical practice and theory, this paper argues that those who argue in this way are overly myopic. Rather than focusing on medicine narrowly defined, this paper instead widens the perspective to explore how new conceptions of human anatomy influenced visual culture.
Epidemiological Characterization of COVID-19 Outbreak in Bauchi State, Northeastern Nigeria, March, 2020 -November, 2021: Role of One Health Approach
Creators: name: A, Lawal SM, Maigoro AM, Balogun MS, Gandi AY, Misau YA, Ballah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Diseases

description: Background: The index case of corona virus disease-2019 (COVID-19) in Nigeria was reported on 24th February 2020. Since then Nigeria has recorded over 213,321 confirmed cases from 3,440,172 samples and 2,973 deaths as of 16th November 2021. An outbreak of COVID-19 was declared in Bauchi state on the 22nd of March, 2020 (epi-week 13) when the first case was reported. We assessed the role of the one health approach to outbreak management and described the outbreak in person, place and time. Methods: We activated a multi-sectoral Emergency Operation Center (EOC) at the state level and constituted one health teams to propagate pillar specific activities. We defined a suspected and confirmed COVID-19 case in conformity with IDSR technical guidelines, reviewed case investigation forms, hospital records, line-listed new patients, followed up contacts and processed blood samples. We conducted environmental assessment and risk analysis across the state and calculated frequencies/proportions and associations. Results: We line-listed 28,709 suspected cases of COVID-19 in Bauchi state, of which 1,776 were PCR-confirmed with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 1.3%. The median age of positive cases was 29 years and 59.0%(1,047) were males. Majority, 1,456(82%) of the confirmed cases were from the 7 most affected LGAs. Bauchi South Senatorial district had the highest burden of disease 1,225(69.0%). Only 593(33.4%) of cases presented with moderate to severe symptoms, of whom 475(26.7%) had fever, and 5(0.3%) required intensive care unit admission. There was high healthcare workers’ infection 217(12.2%), and 21(91.3%) of the recorded mortalities were over 60 years and had co-morbidities. Conclusions: COVID-19 outbreak in Bauchi state was characterized by low CFR despite multiple waves of community transmission. We intensified risk communication, social mobilization activities, encouraged COVID-19 vaccination, and recommended strengthening of the state’s surveillance system.
Galaxy metallicities depend primarily on stellar mass and molecular gas mass
Creators: name: Bothwell, M. S.
name: Maiolino, R.
name: Cicone, C.
name: Peng, Y.
name: Wagg, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present an analysis of the behaviour of galaxies in a four-dimensional parameter space defined by stellar mass, metallicity, star formation rate, and molecular gas mass. We analyse a combined sample of 227 galaxies, which draws from a number of surveys across the redshift range 0 < z < 2 (> 90% of the sample at z~0), and covers > 3 decades in stellar mass.Using Principle Component Analysis, we demonstrate that galaxies in our sample lie on a 2-dimensional plane within this 4D parameter space, indicative of galaxies that exist in an equilibrium between gas inflow and outflow. Furthermore, we find that the metallicity of galaxies depends only on stellar mass and molecular gas mass. In other words, gas-phase metallicity has a negligible dependence on star formation rate, once the correlated effect of molecular gas content is accounted for. The well-known `fundamental metallicity relation', which describes a close and tight relationship between metallicity and SFR (at fixed stellar mass) is therefore entirely a by-product of the underlying physical relationship with molecular gas mass (via the Schmidt-Kennicutt relation).
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Does Hypertonic Nebulization Improve Oxygen Saturation in Symptomatic Patients with COVID-19? A Case Report
Creators: name: NY, Ungut M, Kumtap Y , Ogwuche J , Okwute A, Tsavbee E, Bako I , Gomerep S, Shehu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Diseases

description: Background: COVID-19, is an infectious disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus, SARS‑CoV‑2. In addition to common clinical presentations, formation of mucus plug has been demonstrated to occur in COVID 19. Several treatment modalities have been identified by scientists to manage the disease. Hypertonic saline has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects on lung epithelium and beneficial effects have been reported in patients with lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis. There appears to be no published reports on the clinical effects of hypertonic saline nebulization in patients with COVID-19, especially in Africa. We sought to know if hypertonic saline nebulization improves oxygen saturation in patients with COVID-19 infected in Jos, North-Central Nigeria. Methods: Five (5) mls of 4% hypertonic saline was used for nebulization. Each session lasted 20 minutes and it was performed once daily during the entire hospital stay. Patients’ oxygen saturation was measured before and after completing the procedure. Result: Case 1: A 60-year old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension, presented with a 4-day history of fever, cough and difficulty breathing. She was dyspneic with SPO2 of 62%, she had bilateral basal crepitations and her cardiovascular examination was essentially normal. COVID-19 was confirmed by RT-PCR. Her drug regimen included amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, azithromycin, chloroquine, vitamin E, vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc sulphate, frusemide, subcutaneous heparin, dexamethasone and 100% oxygen at 5L/min. Over the course of management, her improved from 62% to between 88% and 91%. Following nebulization with hypertonic saline, her SPO2 further improved from 91% to 99%. Nebulization with hypertonic saline was subsequently included in her management and she continued to maintain an optimal SPO2 with no signs of deterioration. Case 2: A 42-year old man with hypertensive heart disease presented with a 4-day history of fever, headache and cough. He had difficulty breathing for 2 days. His SPO2 at presentation was 84%, no abnormal breath sounds were detected and cardiovascular signs were unremarkable. COVID-19 RT-PCR was positive. His drug regimen included amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, azithromycin, dexamethasone, chloroquine, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin D, zinc sulphate, subcutaneous heparin and 100% oxygen at 5L/min. His initial clinical response wavered with fluctuating oxygen saturation, between 81% and 96%. With hypertonic saline nebulization, his SPO2 improved consistently up to 94%. Conclusion: Nebulization with hypertonic saline appears to give some added benefit in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19. Further studies are needed to establish its role in routine COVID-19 care.
Constraining the Frequency of Free-Floating Planets from a Synthesis of Microlensing, Radial Velocity, and Direct Imaging Survey Results
Creators: name: Clanton, Christian
name: Gaudi, B. Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A microlensing survey by Sumi et al. (2011) exhibits an overabundance of short-timescale events (STEs; t_E<2 days) relative to what is expected from known stellar populations and a smooth power-law extrapolation down to the brown dwarf regime. This excess has been interpreted as a population of ~Jupiter-mass objects that outnumber main-sequence stars by nearly twofold; however the microlensing data alone cannot distinguish between events due to wide-separation (a>~10 AU) and free-floating planets. Assuming these STEs are indeed due to planetary-mass objects, we aim to constrain the fraction of these events that can be explained by bound but wide-separation planets. We fit the observed timescale distribution with a lens mass function comprised of brown dwarfs, main-sequence stars, and stellar remnants, finding and thus corroborating the initial identification of an excess of STEs. We then include a population of bound planets that are expected not to show signatures of the primary lens (host) in their microlensing light curves and that are also consistent with results from representative microlensing, radial velocity, and direct imaging surveys. We find that bound planets alone cannot explain the entire STE excess without violating the constraints from the surveys we consider and thus some fraction of these events must be due to free-floating planets, if our model for bound planets holds. We estimate a median fraction of STEs due to free-floating planets to be f=0.67 (0.23-0.85 at 95% confidence) when assuming "hot-start" planet evolutionary models and f=0.58 (0.14-0.83 at 95% confidence) for "cold-start" models. Assuming a delta-function distribution of free-floating planets of mass m_p=2 M_Jup yields a number of free-floating planets per main-sequence star of N=1.4 (0.48-1.8 at 95% confidence) in the "hot-start" case and N=1.2 (0.29-1.8 at 95% confidence) in the "cold-start" case.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures. Submitted to AAS Journals. Comments welcome
Context-Aware Configuration and Management of WiFi Direct Groups for Real Opportunistic Networks
Creators: name: Arnaboldi, Valerio
name: Campana, Mattia Giovanni
name: Delmastro, Franca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Wi-Fi Direct is a promising technology for the support of device-to-device communications (D2D) on commercial mobile devices. However, the standard as-it-is is not sufficient to support the real deployment of networking solutions entirely based on D2D such as opportunistic networks. In fact, WiFi Direct presents some characteristics that could limit the autonomous creation of D2D connections among users' personal devices. Specifically, the standard explicitly requires the user's authorization to establish a connection between two or more devices, and it provides a limited support for inter-group communication. In some cases, this might lead to the creation of isolated groups of nodes which cannot communicate among each other. In this paper, we propose a novel middleware-layer protocol for the efficient configuration and management of WiFi Direct groups (WiFi Direct Group Manager, WFD-GM) to enable autonomous connections and inter-group communication. This enables opportunistic networks in real conditions (e.g., variable mobility and network size). WFD-GM defines a context function that takes into account heterogeneous parameters for the creation of the best group configuration in a specific time window, including an index of nodes' stability and power levels. We evaluate the protocol performances by simulating three reference scenarios including different mobility models, geographical areas and number of nodes. Simulations are also supported by experimental results related to the evaluation in a real testbed of the involved context parameters. We compare WFD-GM with the state-of-the-art solutions and we show that it performs significantly better than a Baseline approach in scenarios with medium/low mobility, and it is comparable with it in case of high mobility, without introducing additional overhead.
description: Accepted by the IEEE 14th International Conference on Mobile Ad Hoc and Sensor Systems (MASS), 2017
Optimal interruption of P. vivax malaria transmission using mass drug administration
Creators: name: Anwar, Md Nurul
name: Hickson, Roslyn I.
name: Mehra, Somya
name: Price, David J.
name: McCaw, James M.
name: Flegg, Mark B.
name: Flegg, Jennifer A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92D30

description: \textit{Plasmodium vivax} is the most geographically widespread malaria-causing parasite resulting in significant associated global morbidity and mortality. One of the factors driving this widespread phenomenon is the ability of the parasites to remain dormant in the liver. Known as hypnozoites, they reside in the liver following an initial exposure, before activating later to cause further infections, referred to as relapses. As around 79-96$\%$ of infections are attributed to relapses, we expect it will be highly impactful to apply treatment to target the hypnozoite reservoir to eliminate \textit{P. vivax}. Treatment with a radical cure to target the hypnozoite reservoir is a potential tool to control or eliminate \textit{P. vivax}. We have developed a multiscale mathematical model as a system of integro-differential equations that captures the complex dynamics of \textit{P. vivax} hypnozoites and the effect of hypnozoite relapse on disease transmission. Here, we use our model to study the anticipated effect of radical cure treatment administered via a mass drug administration (MDA) program. We implement multiple rounds of MDA with a fixed interval between rounds, starting from different steady-state disease prevalences. We then construct an optimisation model to obtain the optimal MDA interval. We also incorporate mosquito seasonality in our model to study its effect on the optimal treatment regime. We find that the effect of MDA interventions is temporary and depends on the pre-intervention disease prevalence (and choice of model parameters) as well as the number of MDA rounds under consideration. We find radical cure alone may not be enough to lead to \textit{P. vivax} elimination under our mathematical model (and choice of model parameters) since the prevalence of infection eventually returns to pre-MDA levels.
description: 39 pages, 14 figures
Ghost features in Doppler-broadened spectra of rovibrational transitions in trapped HD$^+$ ions
Creators: name: Patra, Sayan
name: Koelemeij, J. C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Doppler broadening plays an important role in laser rovibrational spectroscopy of trapped deuterated molecular hydrogen ions (HD$^+$), even at the millikelvin temperatures achieved through sympathetic cooling by laser-cooled beryllium ions. Recently, Biesheuvel \textit{et al.} \cite{Biesheuvel2016} presented a theoretical lineshape model for such transitions which not only considers linestrengths and Doppler broadening, but also the finite sample size and population redistribution by blackbody radiation, which are important in view of the long storage and probe times achievable in ion traps. Here, we employ the rate equation model developed by Biesheuvel \textit{et al.} to theoretically study the Doppler-broadened hyperfine structure of the $(v,L):(0,3)\rightarrow(4,2)$ rovibrational transition in HD$^+$ at 1442~nm. We observe prominent yet hitherto unrecognized ghost features in the simulated spectrum, whose positions depend on the Doppler width, transition rates, and saturation levels of the hyperfine components addressed by the laser. We explain the origin and behavior of such features, and we provide a simple quantitative guideline to assess whether ghost features may appear. As such ghost features may be common to saturated Doppler-broadened spectra of rotational and vibrational transitions in trapped ions composed of partly overlapping lines, our work illustrates the necessity to use lineshape models that take into account all the relevant physics.
description: 9 figures
Search for a vector-like quark T$'$ $\to$ tH via the diphoton decay mode of the Higgs boson in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for the electroweak production of a vector-like quark T$'$, decaying to a top quark and a Higgs boson is presented. The search is based on a sample of proton-proton collision events recorded at the LHC at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. This is the first T$'$ search that exploits the Higgs boson decay to a pair of photons. For narrow isospin singlet T$'$ states with masses up to 1.1 TeV, the excellent diphoton invariant mass resolution of 1-2% results in an increased sensitivity compared to previous searches based on the same production mechanism. The electroweak production of a T$'$ quark with mass up to 960 GeV is excluded at 95% confidence level, assuming a coupling strength $κ_\mathrm{T}$ = 0.25 and a relative decay width $Γ/M_{\mathrm{T}'}$ $\lt$ 5%.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/B2G-21-007 (CMS Public Pages)
Preliminary Work Proposal: Pre-electoral coalitions and party lists coordination
Creators: name: Goulart, Nelson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: eletions
municipality
pre-electoral coalitions
open list proportional representation system
party list

description: Preliminary Work Proposal Title: Pre-electoral coalitions and party lists coordination: what can we learn from more than 25 years of associations between political parties in Brazilian proportional municipal elections? Coligações eleitorais e coordenação de listas partidárias: o que podemos aprender com mais de 25 anos de associações entre partidos políticos nas eleições municipais proporcionais brasileiras? Research field: Instituições políticas Research theme: Eleições e estratégias eleitorais em contexto municipal (3) Supervisor: Dr. George Avelino Filho Proponent: Dr. Nelson Luis Motta Goulart
description: Chamada para Bolsa de Pós-Doutorado do Centro de Política e Economia do Setor Público da Fundação Getúlio Vargas (FGV CEPESP).