cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gifts and influence: Conflict of interest policies and prescribing of psychotropic medications in the United States
Creators: name: King, Marissa
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Pharmaceutical industry
Pharmaceutical industry--Marketing
Pharmaceutical industry--Government policy
Drugs
Conflict of interests

description: The pharmaceutical industry spends roughly 15 billion dollars annually on detailing – providing gifts, information, samples, trips, honoraria and other inducements – to physicians in order to encourage them to prescribe their drugs. In response, several states in the United States adopted policies that restrict detailing. Some states banned gifts from pharmaceutical companies to doctors, other states simply required physicians to disclose the gifts they receive, while most states allowed unrestricted detailing. We exploit this geographic variation to examine the relationship between gift regulation and the diffusion of four newly marketed medications. Using a dataset that captures 189 million psychotropic prescriptions written between 2005 and 2009, we find that uptake of new costly medications was significantly lower in states with marketing regulation than in areas that allowed unrestricted pharmaceutical marketing. In states with gift bans, we observed reductions in market shares ranging from 39% to 83%. Policies banning or restricting gifts were associated with the largest reductions in uptake. Disclosure policies were associated with a significantly smaller reduction in prescribing than gift bans and gift restrictions. In states that ban gift-giving, peer influence substituted for pharmaceutical detailing when a relatively beneficial drug came to market and provided a less biased channel for physicians to learn about new medications. Our work suggests that policies banning or limiting gifts from pharmaceutical representatives to doctors are likely to be more effective than disclosure policies alone.
Grid side inverter control scheme for robust fault ride through with enhanced overload capabilities
Creators: name: Bohnet, Bernd
name: Jambor, Thomas
name: Gutknecht, Philipp
name: Braun, Michael
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2016

description: In this paper a predictive control scheme for current injection into three phase grids with power converters is presented. The proposed control scheme shows an excellent current quality even under adverse grid conditions like unsymmetrical grid faults. By usage of iron powder inductors as filter elements for the grid current a very high overload capability of the inverter can be achieved without oversizing these filter elements. The performance of the proposed control is experimentally verified with a two-level three-phase active front end.
Upgraded Breaking Of The HLS Model: A Full Solution to the tau-e+e- and phi Decay Issues And Its Consequences On g-2 VMD Estimates
Creators: name: Benayoun, M.
name: David, P.
name: DelBuono, L.
name: Jegerlehner, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The muon anomalous magnetic moment $a_μ$ and the hadronic vacuum polarization are examined using data analyzed within the framework of a suitably broken HLS model. The analysis relies on all available scan data samples and leaves provisionally aside the existing ISR data. Our HLS model based global fit approach allows for a better check of consistency between data sets and we investigate how results depend on different strategies which may be followed. Relying on global fit qualities, we find several acceptable solutions leading to ambiguities in the reconstructed value for $(a_μ)_{th}$. Among these, the most conservative solution is $a_μ^{\rm had,LO}[{\rm HLS \ improved}]=687.72(4.63) \times 10^{-10}$ and $(a_μ)_{th}=11\,659\,175.37(5.31)\times 10^{-10}$ corresponding to a $4.1 σ$ significance for the difference $Δa_μ=(a_μ)_{exp}-(a_μ)_{th}$. It is also shown that the various contributions accessible through the model yield uniformly a factor 2 improvement of their uncertainty. The breaking procedure implemented in the HLS model is an extension of the former procedure based on the BKY mechanism. This yields a quite satisfactory simultaneous description of most $e^+e^-$ annihilation channels up to and including the $ϕ$ meson ($π^+π^-$, $π^0γ$, $ηγ$, $π^+π^-π^0$, $K^+K^-$, $K^0 \bar{K}^0$) and of a set of 10 (mostly radiative) decay widths of light mesons. It also allows to achieve the proof of consistency between the $e^+e^- \to π^+π^-$ annihilation and the $τ^\pm \ra π^\pmπ^0 ν$ decay and gives a solution to the reported problem concerning the measured partial width ratio $Γ(ϕ\to K^+K^-)/Γ(ϕ\to K^0 \bar{K}^0)$. Prospects for improving the VMD based estimates of $a_μ$ are emphasized.
description: 97 pages, 13 figures accepted for Publication in Eur. Phys. Journ. C
Semiclassical dynamics of quasi-one-dimensional, attractive Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Tovbis, Alexander
name: Hoefer, Mark A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strongly interacting regime for attractive Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) tightly confined in an extended cylindrical trap is studied. For appropriately prepared, non-collapsing BECs, the ensuing dynamics are found to be governed by the one-dimensional focusing Nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) in the semiclassical (small dispersion) regime. In spite of the modulational instability of this regime, some mathematically rigorous results on the strong asymptotics of the semiclassical limiting solutions were obtained recently. Using these results, "implosion-like" and "explosion-like" events are predicted whereby an initial hump focuses into a sharp spike which then expands into rapid oscillations. Seemingly related behavior has been observed in three-dimensional experiments and models, where a BEC with a sufficient number of atoms undergoes collapse. The dynamical regimes studied here, however, are not predicted to undergo collapse. Instead, distinct, ordered structures, appearing after the "implosion", yield interesting new observables that may be experimentally accessible.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Important Matters in Political Context
Creators: name: Lee, Byungkyu
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Social isolation
subject: Polarization (Social sciences)
subject: Political and social views
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: The 2004 General Social Survey (GSS) reported significant increases in social isolation and significant decreases in ego network size relative to previous periods. These results have been repeatedly challenged. Critics have argued that malfeasant interviewers, coding errors, or training effects lie behind these results. While each critique has some merit, none precisely identify the cause of decreased ego network size. In this article, we show that it matters that the 2004 GSS—unlike other GSS surveys—was fielded during a highly polarized election period. We find that the difference in network size between nonpartisan and partisan voters in the 2004 GSS is larger than in all other GSS surveys. We further discover that core discussion network size decreases precipitously in the period immediately around the first (2004) presidential debate, suggesting that the debate frames “important matters” as political matters. This political priming effect is stronger where geographic polarization is weaker and among those who are politically interested and talk about politics more often. Combined, these findings identify the specific mechanism for the reported decline in network size, indicate that inferences about increased social isolation in America arising from the 2004 GSS are unwarranted, and suggest the emergence of increased political isolation.
An AP-Structure with Finslerian Flavor II: Torsion, Curvature and Other Objects
Creators: name: Wanas, M. I.
name: Kamal, Mona M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An absolute parallelism (AP-) space having Finslerian properties is called FAP-space. This FAP-structure is more wider than both conventional AP and Finsler structures. In the present work, more geometric objects as curvature and torsion tensors are derived in the context of this structure. Also second order tensors, usually needed for physical applications, are derived and studied. Furthermore, the anti-curvature and the W-tensor are defined for the FAP-structure. Relations between Riemannian, AP, Finsler and FAP structures are given. These relations facilitate comparison between results of applications carried out in the framework of these structures. We hope that the use of the FAP-structure, in applications may throw some light on some of the problems facing geometric field theories.
description: 15 pages, LaTeX file, revised version, Journal reference inserted
Patterned remittances enhance women’s health-related autonomy
Creators: name: Green, Sharon Hope
name: Wang, Charlotte
name: Ballakrishnen, Swethaa S.
name: Brueckner, Hannah
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Emigration and immigration
Women--Health and hygiene
Health--Decision making
Migrant remittances

description: The consequences for women “left behind” by virtue of temporary male migration are known to be mixed. On one hand, concomitant changes in fertility, female labor force participation, and social norms are often associated with increased independence for women. On the other hand, women left behind can be vulnerable to increased dependency on members of their husbands’ family, or face limited access to social institutions. These shifts in women’s capacity for decision-making can have important implications for their health and well-being. Focusing on the state of Kerala in southern India, we examine the conditions under which the remittances that migrants send home have an impact on the health of women left behind. Specifically, we assess the extent to which the timing of remittance sending can support women’s autonomy, and hence improve their autonomous healthcare decision-making and mobility to health facilities. We use evidence from migrant households in Kerala, a region deeply engrained in the world labor migration system for over five decades. Analysis is conducted with representative household survey data from the 2016 wave of the Kerala Migration Study (KMS), and paired with in-depth qualitative interviews with women in Kerala whose husbands and other family members have migrated to the Gulf. We show that the positive effect of remittances on women’s autonomy manifests primarily through the timing of remittance receipt, not the amount of money remitted. Those who receive regular remittances experience more gains in autonomy, as compared to those receiving remittances at irregular intervals, net of amount remitted. This finding challenges the usual emphasis on remittance volume as the driving factor of social and behavioral change in sending communities. Analytical efforts should be refocused on the social-interactional component of remittance sending, and how these interactions can impact women’s health and autonomy.
Project “Line Traction 3” - Mechanical driveline with active wheel hubs
Creators: name: Engelmann, Danilo
name: Müller, Werner
name: Geimer, Marcus
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2016
Subjects: Line Traction powertrain
mobile machines
torque vectoring
differential

description: Im Projekt Line Traction 3 wurde das Ziel verfolgt ein neues Antriebskonzept zu entwickeln. Bei diesem Konzept werden alle Räder mechanisch angetrieben ohne die Verwendung von Differentialen. Um Antriebsverspannungen bei Kurvenfahrten des Fahrzeugs zu vermeiden besitzt jedes angetriebene Rad ein Planetengetriebe, um die Raddrehzahlen individuell anzupassen. Die notwendigen Drehzahlen werden für jedes Rad aus den geometrischen Daten des Fahrzeugs berechnet. Um die Funktionsfähigkeit nachzuweisen wurde ein Demonstrator ausgelegt und aufgebaut. Dieser Demonstrator wurde dann auf einen Prüfstand mit verschiedenen Tests und Manövern erprobt. Nach den erfolgreichen Tests wurde die Funktionsfähigkeit gezeigt. Am Ende sollen noch einige Ideen und ein kurzer Ausblick zeigen welche neuen Möglichkeiten durch dieses neue Antriebskonzept gegeben sind.
Efficient analysis of complex continuously variable power split transmissions with multiple in- and outputs
Creators: name: Warth, Viktor
name: Reick, Benedikt
name: Bertsche, Bernd
name: Geimer, Marcus
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2016
Subjects: continuously variable power split transmissions
transmission structures
power flow
transmission efficiency

description: Moderne Traktoren besitzen Fahrantriebe mit mehreren Leistungsausgängen für unterschiedliche Energieformen, z.B. die Zapfwelle, die Arbeitshydraulik, den Fahrantrieb oder elektrische Steckdosen. Eine schnelle und einfache Berechnung von Leistungen und Drehzahlen neuer Getriebekonzepte ist in der frühen Phase der Produktentwicklung besonders wichtig. Es wird daher, aufbauend auf dem Stand der Technik, eine Methodik zur effizienten Darstellung und Berechnung solcher Getriebestrukturen vorgestellt und anhand eines ausgewählten Beispielsystems erläutert. Abschließend werden der Leistungsfluss und der Getriebewirkungsgrad dreier Getriebestrukturen in unterschiedlichen Detaillierungsstufen verglichen. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Effizienz und Flexibilität der erarbeiteten Methodik für unterschiedliche Anwendungsgebiete.
Work Trends Poll: Pre-Election Survey, November 2020
Creators: name: University, John J. Heldrich Center For Workforce Development At Rutgers
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Employment (1); return to job after furlough (1); retirement (1); hourly or salary (1); hours worked per week (1); confidence in federal government (1); national economy (5); job searching in America (4); impact of coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic (16); concern about economy and job related issues (9); return to normal after pandemic (4); get ahead with hard work (3); agree or disagree on job opportunities (2); threat to American workers (9); support for laid-off workers (4); government economic actions (7); personal financial situation and actions (17); emotional reaction to most important issue (1); 2020 presidential election (20).
Statistical distribution of the local purity in a large quantum system
Creators: name: De Pasquale, A.
name: Facchi, P.
name: Giovannetti, V.
name: Parisi, G.
name: Pascazio, S.
name: Scardicchio, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local purity of large many-body quantum systems can be studied by following a statistical mechanical approach based on a random matrix model. Restricting the analysis to the case of global pure states, this method proved to be successful and a full characterization of the statistical properties of the local purity was obtained by computing the partition function of the problem. Here we generalize these techniques to the case of global mixed states. Since the computation of the partition function is far more challenging than in the pure case, we focus on the computation of the first moments of the local purity. Finally, we establish a connection with the theory of twirling maps in quantum channels.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure
A Unified Hardware Accelerator for Fast Fourier Transform and Number Theoretic Transform
Creators: name: Shrivastava, Rishabh
name: Ratnala, Chaitanya Prasad
name: Puli, Durga Manasa
name: Banerjee, Utsav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The Number Theoretic Transform (NTT) is an indispensable tool for computing efficient polynomial multiplications in post-quantum lattice-based cryptography. It has strong resemblance with the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), which is the most widely used algorithm in digital signal processing. In this work, we demonstrate a unified hardware accelerator supporting both 512-point complex FFT as well as 256-point NTT for the recently standardized NIST post-quantum key encapsulation and digital signature algorithms ML-KEM and ML-DSA respectively. Our proposed architecture effectively utilizes the arithmetic circuitry required for complex FFT, and the only additional circuits required are for modular reduction along with modifications in the control logic. Our implementation achieves performance comparable to state-of-the-art ML-KEM / ML-DSA NTT accelerators on FPGA, thus demonstrating how an FFT accelerator can be augmented to support NTT and the unified hardware can be used for both digital signal processing and post-quantum lattice-based cryptography applications.
description: Published in 2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP)
Analyse eines beispielhaften elektrisch leistungsverzweigten Stufenlosgetriebes (ECVT)
Creators: name: Reick, Benedikt
name: Warth, Viktor
name: Geimer, Marcus
name: Bertsche, Bernd
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2016
Subjects: elektrisch leistungsverzweigtes Stufenlosgetriebe
Systemeffizienz
Getriebeverluste

description: Elektrische stufenlose Getriebestrukturen für Traktoren können bei der Entwicklung zukünftiger
Fahrzeuggetriebe eine Schlüsselrolle spielen, was eine detaillierte Analysemöglichkeit
erfordert. Aufbauend auf der in [5] vorgestellten Methodik zur effizienten Berechnung und
Analyse beliebiger Stufenlosgetriebe wird eine Erweiterung vorgestellt, welche es ermöglicht
genaue Aussagen zur Systemeffizienz von ECVTs durch Einbeziehung von Getriebeverlusten
zu treffen. Darüber hinaus werden die möglichen Grundstrukturen unter dem Aspekt der
Leistungsentnahme am Variator betrachtet. Angewendet auf ein beispielhaftes ECVT zeigt
sich, dass es bei einer Leistungsentnahme in weiten Bereichen des betrachteten Kennfeldes
durch den guten Teillastwirkungsgrad der Elektromotoren zur Verbesserung des Systemwirkungsgrads
kommen kann.
Gamma-Ray Burst without Baryonic and Magnetic Load?
Creators: name: Ioka, Kunihito
name: Ohira, Yutaka
name: Kawanaka, Norita
name: Mizuta, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that, contrary to common belief, internal shocks can arise in an accelerating radiation-dominated jet if it is confined even weakly to a converging opening angle because the acceleration declines. The radiation-dominated internal shock (RDIS) enables a very efficient yet highly nonthermal emission by Fermi-like photon acceleration, keeping the electron-positron ($e^{\pm}$) pair photosphere and inertia up to a high Lorentz factor >1000. In gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), a weak confinement would persist beyond the progenitor star or surrounding matter because of the fast cocoon accompanying the breakout jet. The simplest model predicts few high-energy cosmic rays and neutrinos, and a correlation between the early afterglow and the GeV-TeV prompt emission. The central engine allows a less fine-tuned baryon load than previously thought, even including pure-leptonic unmagnetized outflows.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, final version to be published in Progress of Theoretical Physics
Wärmetransportoptimierung in Biogasanlagen durch innovative Wärmeübertrager und Konzeptevaluation mittels CFD-Methoden
Creators: name: Geiger, Chris
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2016
Subjects: Wärmetransportoptimierung
Biogasanlage
CFD
numerische Strömungssimulation
Power-law Fluid

description: Durch die Novellierung des EEG 2017 steigen die Anforderungen an die Energieertragseffizienz
von Biogasanlagen. Die bei herkömmlichen Anlagen an der Fermenterwand platzierten
Heizsysteme sind für die Energieübertragung suboptimal. Zur Steigerung des Wirkungsgrades
von Biogasanlagen werden neuartige Konzepte aufgezeigt, welche die Vorteile der
Wärmeübertragung durch Zwangskonvektion in Gebieten hoher Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten
optimal nutzen. Zeitgleich werden die Wandwärmeverluste durch eine Verlagerung der
Bereiche mit höchster Fluidtemperatur in das Fermenterzentrum reduziert. Hierfür sieht ein
Konzept die Koppelung eines Rohrwärmeübertragers mit einem Propellerrührwerk vor. Des
Weiteren wird ein Konzept zur Funktionskombination der Homogenisierung und des Wärmeeintrags
mittels der Nutzung von Axialrührwerken als Mischeinrichtung und Wärmetauscher
untersucht. Der Einfluss der Paddelgeometrie und des Anstellwinkels auf eine optimale
Durchmischung und Wärmeeintrag bei variierender Drehzahl steht im Fokus der Untersuchungen.
Die mit numerischen Strömungssimulationen evaluierten Konzepte sind für eine effiziente Abdeckung des benötigten Wärmebedarfs von Biogasanlagen bei guter Durchmischung
sehr geeignet.
Strong Secrecy on the Binary Erasure Wiretap Channel Using Large-Girth LDPC Codes
Creators: name: Subramanian, Arunkumar
name: Thangaraj, Andrew
name: Bloch, Matthieu
name: McLaughlin, Steven W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For an arbitrary degree distribution pair (DDP), we construct a sequence of low-density parity-check (LDPC) code ensembles with girth growing logarithmically in block-length using Ramanujan graphs. When the DDP has minimum left degree at least three, we show using density evolution analysis that the expected bit-error probability of these ensembles, when passed through a binary erasure channel with erasure probability $ε$, decays as $\mathcal{O}(\exp(-c_1 n^{c_2}))$ with the block-length $n$ for positive constants $c_1$ and $c_2$, as long as $ε$ is lesser than the erasure threshold $ε_\mathrm{th}$ of the DDP. This guarantees that the coset coding scheme using the dual sequence provides strong secrecy over the binary erasure wiretap channel for erasure probabilities greater than $1 - ε_\mathrm{th}$.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to the IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
Medical Implant Manufacturers Safety Procedures (MIMAS)
Creators: name: Ittermann, Bernd
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: magnetic resonance imaging, implant safety, MR safety, MIMAS

description: Presentation given at the MIMAS Implant Safety Workshop 2021 https://www.ptb.de/mimas/information-communication/mimas-implant-safety-workshop-2021/
Metastable supersymmetry breaking in extended supergravity
Creators: name: Borghese, Andrea
name: Roest, Diederik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the stability of non-supersymmetric critical points of general N=4 supergravities. A powerful method to analyse this issue based on the sGoldstino direction has been developed for minimal supergravity. We adapt this to the present case, and address the conceptually new features arising for extended supersymmetry. As an application, we investigate the stability when supersymmetry breaking proceeds via either the gravity or the matter sector. Finally, we outline the N=8 case.
description: 27 pages. v2 correct replacement: typos corrected and clarifications added on gauge invariance and dependence on SUSY mass terms
The Population Level Impacts of Differential Fertility Behavior of Parents of Children with Autism
Creators: name: Makovi, Kinga Reka
name: Winter, Alix S.
name: Liu, Kayuet
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Autism spectrum disorders
subject: Parents of autistic children
subject: Family size--Decision making
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Drawing on population level data of exceptional quality (including detailed diagnostic information on the autism status of sibling pairs of over 3 million different mothers), this study confirms that stoppage is the average fertility response to a child born with autism, thereby reducing observed concordance in sibling pairs and leading to potentially biased estimation of genetic contributions to autism etiology. Using a counterfactual framework and applying matching techniques we show, however, that this average effect is composed of very different responses to suspicion of autism depending on birth cohort, the character of the disorder (severe versus less severe), the gender of the child, poverty status, and parental education. This study also sheds light on when parents suspect autism. We find that parents’ fertility behavior changes relative to matched controls very early after the birth of a child who will later be diagnosed with autism.
Tracing The Sound Horizon Scale With Photometric Redshift Surveys
Creators: name: Sanchez, E.
name: Carnero, A.
name: Garcia-Bellido, J.
name: Gaztanaga, E.
name: de Simoni, F.
name: Crocce, M.
name: Cabre, A.
name: Fosalba, P.
name: Alonso, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method for cosmological parameters extraction using the baryon acoustic oscillation scale as a standard ruler in deep galaxy surveys with photometric determination of redshifts. The method consists in a simple empirical parametric fit to the angular 2-point correlation function w(theta). It is parametrized as a power law to describe the continuum plus a Gaussian to describe the BAO bump. The location of the Gaussian is used as the basis for the measurement of the sound horizon scale. This method, although simple, actually provides a robust estimation, since the inclusion of the power law and the use of the Gaussian removes the shifts which affect the local maximum. We discuss the effects of projection bias, non-linearities, redshift space distortions and photo-z precision, and apply our method to a mock catalog of the Dark Energy Survey, built upon a large N-body simulation provided by the MICE collaboration. We discuss the main systematic errors associated to our method and show that they are dominated by the photo-z uncertainty.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, published online in MNRAS, 25 October 2010
APPLIED DEEP REINFORCEMENT LEARNING IN SMART ENERGY SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT
Creators: name: Sabounchi, Moein
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 461105
subject: Reinforcement learning
classificationCode: 460209
subject: Planning and decision making
classificationCode: 400805
subject: Electrical energy transmission, networks and systems
classificationCode: 461103
subject: Deep learning

description: The horizon for inclusion of data-driven algorithms in cyber-physical systems is rapidly expanding due to evermore availability of high-performance computing tools and the inception of novel mathematical models in the fields of deep learning and reinforcement learning. In this regard, energy systems are a suitable candidate for data-driven algorithms utilization due to rapid expansion of smart measuring tools and infrastructure. Accordingly, I decided to explore the capabilities of deep reinforcement learning in control, security, and restoration of smart energy systems to tackle well-known problems such as ensuring stability, adversarial attack avoidance, and the black start restoration. To achieve this goal, I employed various reinforcement learning techniques in different capacities to develop transfer learning modules based on a rule-based approach for online control of the power system, utilized reinforcement learning for procedural noise generation in adversarial attacks against contingency detection in a power system and exploited multiple reinforcement learning algorithms to fully restore an energy system in an optimal manner. Per the results of these endeavors, I managed to develop a rule-based transfer learning logic to control the power system under various disturbance types and intensities. Furthermore, I developed an optimal adversarial attack module using a reinforcement-learning-based procedural noise generation to avoid detection by conventional deep-learning-based detection. Finally for the system restoration, the proposed intelligent restoration module managed to provide sustainable results for the black start restoration in energy system.
The Ising Limit of the XXZ Heisenberg Magnet and Certain Thermal Correlation Functions
Creators: name: Bogoliubov, N. M.
name: Malyshev, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The spin-1/2 XXZ Heisenberg magnet is considered for the case of the anisotropy parameter tending to infinity (so-called, Ising limit). A thermal correlation function of the ferromagnetic string is calculated over the ground state. The approach to the calculation of the correlation functions in the limit of infinite anisotropy is based on the observation that the wave function is expressed in terms of the symmetric Schur functions. It is demonstrated that at low temperatures the amplitude of the asymptotical expression of this correlation function is proportional to the squared numbers of strict boxed plane partitions.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX
Lexical shifts, substantive changes, and continuity in State of the Union discourse, 1790–2014
Creators: name: Rule, Alix
name: Cointet, Jean-Philippe
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Lexicology
subject: Speeches, addresses, etc.
subject: Presidents
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This study reveals that the entry into World War I in 1917 indexed the decisive transition to the modern period in American political consciousness, ushering in new objects of political discourse, a more rapid pace of change of those objects, and a fundamental reframing of the main tasks of governance. We develop a strategy for identifying meaningful categories in textual corpora that span long historic durées, where terms, concepts, and language use changes. Our approach is able to account for the fluidity of discursive categories over time, and to analyze their continuity by identifying the discursive stream as the object of interest.
Blocking the Future: New Solutions for Old Problems in Historical Social Science
Creators: name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
name: Faris, Robert
name: Moody, James
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Historical sociology
subject: Social sciences and history

description: Although it may turn out to be otherwise, this is an early article in what is hoped to be a larger series of studies in the application of network methods to historical problems. This article explores some new solutions to old problems in historical social science and history more generally and provides some templates for thinking about an old problem in a new light. The old problem is the problem that arises when one considers how we know what historical events mean and how we can have confidence in our interpretations. For many social science historians, the problem of meaning is secondary to the problem of making causal arguments. And often the practical reality of much historical work is that more mundane problems of data and evidence often consume an unusual amount of time and energy, drawing attention away from the luxurious concerns discussed in this article — concerns with what things actually mean. Despite the recognition that the problem of meaning may not lurk around every corner for all social science historians, the goal of this article is to propose some new strategies for determining what things mean in historical context.
Genes Can Point to Environments That Matter to Advance Public Health
Creators: name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Health behavior
subject: Health--Social aspects
subject: Gene expression
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: It has become almost routine—as one discovers in reading these articles—to bemoan the fact that despite an enormous investment of research energy, the promise of sequencing the human genome for understanding human health and behavior has not been fully realized. There are many reasons for this. One simple idea is that this may be a story of looking for the keys we dropped on the street only underneath the streetlight—people have been looking for answers in the wrong place, that is, at the genome. What if the sequencing promise is to be found not in the genome but instead in a better understanding of the social and cultural factors that shape health?
Targeted Protein Degradation and Proximity-Based Pharmacology
Creators: name: Kostic, Milka
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: targeted protein degradation
chemical biology
chemical inducers of dimerization
chemical hijackers of activity
drug discovery
chemical probes
tool compounds

description: Introductory discussion of Targeted Protein Degradation and Proximity-Based Pharmacology - as presented to editors of Nature Research Journals on September-28-2021.
Pseudogap-like phase in Ca(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$)$_2$As$_2$ revealed by $^{75}$As NQR
Creators: name: Baek, S. -H.
name: Grafe, H. -J.
name: Harnagea, L.
name: Singh, S.
name: Wurmehl, S.
name: Büchner, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report $^{75}$As NQR measurements on single crystalline Ca(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$)$_2$As$_2$ ($0\leq x \leq 0.09$). The nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate $T_1^{-1}$ as a function of temperature $T$ and Co dopant concentration $x$ reveals a normal-state pseudogap-like phase below a crossover temperature $T^*$ in the under- and optimally-doped region. The resulting $x$-$T$ phase diagram shows that, after suppression of the spin-density-wave order, $T^*$ intersects $T_c$ falling to zero rapidly near the optimal doping regime. Possible origins of the pseudogap behavior are discussed.
description: published in Physical Review B (regular article)
Association of assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment and parental infertility diagnosis with autism in ART-conceived children
Creators: name: Kissin, Dmitry M.
name: Zhang, Yujia
name: Boulet, Sheree L.
name: Fountain, Christine
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
name: Schieve, Laura A.
name: Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn
name: Jamieson, Denise J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Autism in children
Autism in children--Diagnosis
Autism spectrum disorders
Human reproductive technology--Law and legislation
Infertility

description: The use of assisted reproductive technology (ART), which includes all procedures that involve handling of oocytes and sperm or embryos outside of the human body, has been increasing steadily since it was first introduced in 1978. Over 5 million children conceived with ART have been born globally (Adamson et al., 2013). About 1.5% of all infants born in the USA are conceived using ART (Sunderam et al., 2013). The effect of ART procedures on the health and development of children has been an area of special interest for researchers during the last three decades. However, studying the long-term outcomes of ART is difficult in part due to rapid technological progress in this relatively new field of medicine. Remarkable advances in embryo culture, cryopreservation of embryos and oocytes, ICSI, preimplantation genetic testing, and assisted hatching have led to the development of new treatment options. The safety—including long-term safety—of these new treatments requires careful study.
A thin-film of mechanochemically synthesized nanoparticles : an experimental and theoretical exploration of an absorber compound for photovoltaic devices
Creators: name: Bednar, Victor Bradley
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Nearly 200 years after the discovery of the photovoltaic effect, harvesting energy from the sun is finally becoming a price competitive marketing option for power generation. Government and private investments, motivated by a social awareness of environmental issues cause by prominent power generation methods, have helped create this opportunity to advance earth conscientious, green energy solutions. As inorganic nanoparticles in solar cell layers are one of the forefront areas of interest for solar cell research, mechanochemical material synthesis has been used for a scalable production of Fe₂GeS₄ nanoparticles carried out via ball milling. The compound is composed of earth-abundant materials, and ball milling allows for a solution free process, which minimizes chemical waste from material synthesis. The viability of this promising compound has been previously mentioned and herein confirmed. X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) showed a successful synthesis, and optical characterization confirmed favorable absorption properties for solar cell implementation. New methods were implemented in doping the nanoparticles, which lead to an observable photovoltaic response from a simple prototype architecture implementing the Fe₂GeS₄ nanoparticles. The thin film deposition of the nanoparticles used for prototype implementation should allow for cost effective and scalable manufacturing. Since ball milling is also cost effective and scalable, an empirical model implementing probabilistic logic is developed and shown as capable to fit experimental data via measurable parameters. The eventual optimization possibilities for minimizing manufacturing costs, as well as enhancement of general scientific understanding for an underrepresented branch of theory, mechanochemical solid state reactions, motivated this work. Modeling of Fe₂GeS₄ production, as a solid state chemical reaction, demonstrates a proof of principle application. Potential applications are not limited to mechanochemical synthesis. Extensions to other reaction types are possible as the model utilizes chemical kinetics theory in a generalized fashion. The demonstration focuses on a sigmoid trend, as observed in Fe₂GeS₄ synthesis, though other profiles are attainable.
Massive Pions, Anomalies and Baryons in Holographic QCD
Creators: name: Doménech, Oriol
name: Panico, Giuliano
name: Wulzer, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a holographic model of QCD, obtained by a very simple modification of the original construction, which describes at the same time the pion mass, the QCD anomalies and the baryons as topological solitons. We study in detail its phenomenological implications in both the mesonic and baryonic sectors and compare with the observations.
description: 31 pages, 2 figures; v2: Version published in Nucl. Phys. A
Asymptotic Safety, Asymptotic Darkness, and the hoop conjecture in the extreme UV
Creators: name: Basu, Sayandeb
name: Mattingly, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming the hoop conjecture in classical general relativity and quantum mechanics, any observer who attempts to perform an experiment in an arbitrarily small region will be stymied by the formation of a black hole within the spatial domain of the experiment. This behavior is often invoked in arguments for a fundamental minimum length. Extending a proof of the hoop conjecture for spherical symmetry to include higher curvature terms we investigate this minimum length argument when the gravitational couplings run with energy in the manner predicted by asymptotically safe gravity. We show that argument for the mandatory formation of a black hole within the domain of an experiment fails. Neither is there a proof that a black hole doesn't form. Instead, whether or not an observer can perform measurements in arbitrarily small regions depends on the specific numerical values of the couplings near the UV fixed point. We further argue that when an experiment is localized on a scale much smaller than the Planck length, at least one enshrouding horizon must form outside the domain of the experiment. This implies that while an observer may still be able to perform local experiments, communicating any information out to infinity is prevented by a large horizon surrounding it, and thus compatibility with general relativity can still be restored in the infrared limit.
description: 9 pages, Matched Published Version with minor changes for clarity and emphasis of key points
Constructing the AdS dual of a Fermi liquid: AdS Black holes with Dirac hair
Creators: name: Čubrović, Mihailo
name: Zaanen, Jan
name: Schalm, Koenraad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide new evidence that the holographic dual to a strongly coupled charged Fermi Liquid has a non-zero fermion density in the bulk. We show that the pole-strength of the stable quasiparticle characterizing the Fermi surface is encoded in the spatially averaged AdS probability density of a single normalizable fermion wavefunction in AdS. Recalling Migdal's theorem which relates the pole strength to the Fermi-Dirac characteristic discontinuity in the number density at $\ome_F$, we conclude that the AdS dual of a Fermi liquid is described by occupied on-shell fermionic modes in AdS. Encoding the occupied levels in the total probability density of the fermion field directly, we show that an AdS Reissner-Nordström black hole in a theory with charged fermions has a critical temperature, at which the system undergoes a first-order transition to a black hole with a non-vanishing profile for the bulk fermion field. Thermodynamics and spectral analysis confirm that the solution with non-zero AdS fermion-profile is the preferred ground state at low temperatures.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures; sections 2-3 substantially revised for improved clarity
Distillation of hydrogen isotopes for polarized HD target
Creators: name: Ohta, T.
name: Bouchigny, S.
name: Didelez, J. -P.
name: Fujiwara, M.
name: Fukuda, K.
name: Kohri, H.
name: Kunimatsu, T.
name: Morisaki, C.
name: Ono, S.
name: Rouill', G.
name: Tanaka, M.
name: Ueda, K.
name: Uraki, M.
name: Utsuro, M.
name: Wang, S. Y.
name: Yosoi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a cryogenic distillation system to purify Hydrogen-Deuteride (HD) gas for a polarized HD target in LEPS experiments at SPring-8. A small amount of ortho-H$_2$ ($\sim$0.01%) in the HD gas plays an important role in efficiently polarizing the HD target. Since there are 1$\sim$5% impurities of H$_2$ and D$_2$ in commercially available HD gases, it is inevitable that the HD gas is purified up to $\sim$99.99%. The distillation system has a cryogenic pot (17$\sim$21 K) containing many small stainless steel cells called Heli-pack. Commercial HD gas with an amount of 5.2 mol is fed into the pot. We carried out three distillation runs by changing temperatures (17.5 K and 20.5 K) and gas extraction speeds (1.3 ml/min and 5.2 ml/min). The extracted gas was analyzed by using a gas analyzer system combining a quadrupole mass spectrometer with a gas chromatograph. The HD gas of 1 mol with a purity better than 99.99% has been successfully obtained. The effective NTS (Number of Theoretical Stages), which is an indicator of the distillator performances, is obtained as 37.2$\pm$0.6. This value is in reasonable agreement with a designed value of 37.9. The HD target is expected to be efficiently polarized under a well-controlled condition by doping an optimal amount of ortho-H$_2$ to the purified HD gas.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, updated 2011-12-13
Symmetry Is Beautiful
Creators: name: Shwed, Uri
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Consensus (Social sciences)
Scientific literature
Science--Social aspects
System analysis
Symmetry

description: The Temporal Structure of Scientific Consensus Formation (Shwed and Bearman 2010) developed a procedure—which did not require expert judgment—to evaluate the level of contestation in scientific literatures. Examining different cases of consensus and contestation, we showed that science may progress in a spiral pattern that quickly generates new questions in new domains from recent answers (e.g., climate change research), stagnate around old questions in a cyclical pattern (e.g., smoking research in the 1950s), or entrench in a flat pattern responding to irrelevant external critiques (e.g., research on autism and vaccines). Bruggeman, Traag, and Uitermark (hereafter BTU) argue that without distinguishing between positive and negative citations, our procedure is of little value. They arrive at this conclusion by misunderstanding the role of network communities in our procedure. They then propose as an improvement a self-defeating solution that relies on distinguishing between postive and negative ties, requires expert evaluation, and destroys the possiblity of an unbiased evaluation. Avoiding that trap was the point of our article.
The Unitary Gas and its Symmetry Properties
Creators: name: Castin, Yvan
name: Werner, Félix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physics of atomic quantum gases is currently taking advantage of a powerful tool, the possibility to fully adjust the interaction strength between atoms using a magnetically controlled Feshbach resonance. For fermions with two internal states, formally two opposite spin states, this allows to prepare long lived strongly interacting three-dimensional gases and to study the BEC-BCS crossover. Of particular interest along the BEC-BCS crossover is the so-called unitary gas, where the atomic interaction potential between the opposite spin states has virtually an infinite scattering length and a zero range. This unitary gas is the main subject of the present chapter: It has fascinating symmetry properties, from a simple scaling invariance, to a more subtle dynamical symmetry in an isotropic harmonic trap, which is linked to a separability of the N-body problem in hyperspherical coordinates. Other analytical results, valid over the whole BEC-BCS crossover, are presented, establishing a connection between three recently measured quantities, the tail of the momentum distribution, the short range part of the pair distribution function and the mean number of closed channel molecules.
description: 63 pages, 8 figures. Contribution to the Springer Lecture Notes in Physics "BEC-BCS Crossover and the Unitary Fermi gas" edited by Wilhelm Zwerger. Revised version correcting a few typos