cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Differences in labile soil organic matter explain potential denitrification and denitrifying communities in a long-term fertilization experiment
Creators: name: Surey, Ronny
name: Lippold, Eva
name: Heilek, Stefan
name: Sauheitl, Leopold
name: Henjes, Sina
name: Horn, Marcus A.
name: Mueller, Carsten W.
name: Merbach, Ines
name: Kaiser, Klaus
name: Böttcher, Jürgen
name: Mikutta, Robert
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::640 | Hauswirtschaft und Familienleben

description: Content and quality of organic matter (OM) may strongly affect the denitrification potential of soils. In particular, the impact of soil OM fractions of differing bioavailability (soluble, particulate, and mineral-associated OM) on denitrification remains unresolved. We determined the potential N2O and N2 as well as CO2 production for samples of a Haplic Chernozem from six treatment plots (control, mineral N and NP, farmyard manure - FYM, and FYM + mineral N or NP) of the Static Fertilization Experiment Bad Lauchstädt (Germany) as related to OM properties and denitrifier gene abundances. Soil OM was analyzed for bulk chemical composition (13C-CPMAS NMR spectroscopy) as well as water-extractable, particulate, and mineral-associated fractions. Soils receiving FYM had more total OM and larger portions of labile fractions such as particulate and water-extractable OM. Incubations were run under anoxic conditions without nitrate limitation for seven days at 25 °C in the dark to determine the denitrification potential (N2O and N2) using the acetylene inhibition technique. Abundances of nirS, nirK, and nosZ (I + II) genes were analyzed before and after incubation. The denitrification potential, defined as the combined amount of N released as N2O + N2 over the experimental period, was larger for plots receiving FYM (25.9–27.2 mg N kg−1) than pure mineral fertilization (17.1–19.2 mg N kg−1) or no fertilization (12.6 mg N kg−1). The CO2 and N2O production were well related and up to three-fold larger for FYM-receiving soils than under pure mineral fertilization. The N2 production differed significantly only between all manured and non-manured soils. Nitrogenous gas emissions related most closely to water-extractable organic carbon (WEOC), which again related well to free particulate OM. The larger contribution of N2 production in soils without FYM application, and thus, with less readily decomposable OM, coincided with decreasing abundances of nirS genes (NO2− reductase) and increasing abundances of genes indicating complete denitrifying organisms (nosZ I) during anoxic conditions. Limited OM sources, thus, favored a microbial community more efficient in resource use. This study suggests that WEOC, representing readily bioavailable OM, is a straightforward indicator of the denitrification potential of soils.
Electrifying the base? Aid and incumbent advantage in Ghana
Creators: name: Briggs, Ryan C.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: In 1999, the year before Ghana’s 2000 election, the country experienced a large, unexpected decline in aid. The incumbent National Democratic Congress (NDC) lost the election. Did the decline in aid hurt the NDC at the polls, or was it simply incidental? Using data from a national, World Bankfunded electrification project, this article shows that the NDC was able to allocate aid according to explicitly political criteria. The article also exploits a quasi-experiment in aid disbursements to show that electrification caused NDC voting to increase in the constituencies that received electrification. Pre-electoral aid fluctuations exert a modest but measurable force on voting patterns. These findings add weight to calls for donors to coordinate to reduce aid volatility. They also show that incumbent governments can allocate aid strategically to secure votes, even under the best-case scenario of strict donor monitoring in an established democracy.
Pedogenic carbonates as a proxy for palaeo-CO2 in the Palaeozoic atmosphere
Creators: name: Quast, Andres
name: Hoefs, Jochen
name: Paul, Josef
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2006

description: According to a model by Cerling (1991, 1999), the carbon isotope composition of calcretes should depend on the soil type and the CO2-concentration in the atmosphere. We have tested Cerling’s model by investigating 14 Palaeozoic sections with soil profiles. A large number of carbonate types of different genetic origin exist in the localities examined. Comparing the Palaeozoic samples with recent and subrecent calcretes, it can be demonstrated that anhedral, cryptocrystalline (<10 μm) and subhedral microcrystalline (10 - 40 μm) carbonates are clearly of pedogenic origin. Crystals of larger size with a poikilotopic texture are of groundwater or burial diagenetic origin. Macro- and micromorphological features, typical of recent calcretes, occur in several soil profiles, but thin section microscopy reveals a strong diagenetic overprint of most pedogenic carbonates. Time equivalent sections with comparable soil types (protosols, calcisols and vertisols) show large variations in carbon isotope composition. On the other hand, different carbonate generations at one site do not differ much. Therefore Palaeozoic calcretes appear to be unsuitable for a deduction of the Palaeozoic CO2-concentration.
description: German Research Foundation (DFG)
description: research
Reshaping Crown-First Nation relationships amid changing contexts : an examination of the intersection between the Crown's promise of a New Relationship and the implementations of the Forest and Range Agreement
Creators: name: Rogers, Jessica
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: As of June 2006, despite court rulings and sustained political opposition, one-hundred and six First Nations had signed Forest and Range Agreements/Opportunities, providing access to seventeen million cubic meters of timber and sharing more than one-hundred and twenty million dollars in revenue. The legality and 'fairness' of these policies has been analyzed and discussed, however FRAs continue to be ratified with little research on how they are actually working on the ground. Using anthropological and political-science research and analytic tools, the thesis examines the state of the implementation of the Gitxaala Nation's Forest and Range Agreement in the era of the New Relationship's commitment to work towards the reconciliation of Aboriginal and Crown titles and jurisdictions. The examination demonstrates that the New Relationship's vision is ambiguous and has resulted in a lack of a shared understanding concerning objectives and successful implementation. The findings indicate that this lack of mutual understanding is impeding the establishment of a truly new relationship in which the Crown and the Gitxaala Nation can work together to successfully implement the FRA. Furthermore the case study demonstrates that Provincial policy without clear directives allows for interpretation by local policy implementers which is resulting in discrepancies in policy outcomes. In the case of Gitxaala, until clear policies and directives are developed that respond to a mutually understood vision, the New Relationship and the FRA simply represent a 'new' Provincial tactic for the Province to maintain a hold on resources and create certainty for industry in an era of strengthened Aboriginal claims
Actinobacterial Nitrate Reducers and Proteobacterial Denitrifiers Are Abundant in N2O-Metabolizing Palsa Peat
Creators: name: Palmer, Katharina
name: Horn, Marcus A.
Publisher: name: Washington, DC [u.a.] : American Soc. for Microbiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Anoxic microcosms
subject: Betaproteobacteria
subject: Consumption potential
subject: Discontinuous permafrost
subject: Operational taxonomic units
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Palsa peats are characterized by elevated, circular frost heaves (peat soil on top of a permanently frozen ice lens) and are strong to moderate sources or even temporary sinks for the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). Palsa peats are predicted to react sensitively to global warming. The acidic palsa peat Skalluvaara (approximate pH 4.4) is located in the discontinuous permafrost zone in northwestern Finnish Lapland. In situ N2O fluxes were spatially variable, ranging from 0.01 to -0.02 μmol of N2O m-2 h-1. Fertilization with nitrate stimulated in situ N2O emissions and N2O production in anoxic microcosms without apparent delay. N2O was subsequently consumed in microcosms. Maximal reaction velocities (vmax) of nitrate-dependent denitrification approx-imated 3 and 1 nmol of N2O per h per gram (dry weight [gDW]) in soil from 0 to 20 cm and below 20 cm of depth, respectively. vmax values of nitrite-dependent denitrification were 2- to 5-fold higher than the vmax nitrate-dependent denitrification, and vmax of N2O consumption was 1- to 6-fold higher than that of nitrite-dependent denitrification, highlighting a high N2O consumption potential. Up to 12 species-level operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of narG, nirK and nirS, and nosZ were retrieved. Detected OTUs suggested the presence of diverse uncultured soil denitrifiers and dissimilatory nitrate reducers, hitherto undetected spe- cies, as well as Actino-, Alpha-, and Betaproteobacteria. Copy numbers of nirS always outnumbered those of nirK by 2 orders of magnitude. Copy numbers of nirS tended to be higher, while copy numbers of narG and nosZ tended to be lower in 0- to 20-cm soil than in soil below 20 cm. The collective data suggest that (i) the source and sink functions of palsa peat soils for N2O are associated with denitrification, (ii) actinobacterial nitrate reducers and nirS-type and nosZ-harboring proteobacterial denitrifiers are important players, and (iii) acidic soils like palsa peats represent reservoirs of diverse acid-tolerant denitrifiers associated with N2O fluxes. Copyright 2012, American Society for Microbiology.
Nurses' experiences of full scope LPN practice in acute care
Creators: name: McTaggart, Elizabeth Sarah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The practice of licensed practical nurses (LPNs) in acute care in British Columbia (BC) is undergoing a shift to incorporate the enhanced range of entry-level competencies introduced by the College of LPNs of British Columbia in 2000. The full range of new LPN competencies, which now constitute full scope, became a requirement for practical nurse licensure in BC in 2007 and are challenging LPNs and Registered Nurses (RNs) alike to reexamine and redefine the LPN role and LPN/RN relations in acute care. Research exploring the experiences of RNs and LPNs, in their own words, with full scope LPN practice in acute care staff mixes has not previously been conducted in BC. This qualitative descriptive study explored the perceptions of 5 RNs and 4 LPNs working in RN/LPN skill mixes, in various Lower Mainland acute care settings where the LPNs work to full scope. Conventional qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the data from one in-depth interview and 8 short-answer surveys. Analysis of one in-depth interview with an LPN yielded 3 categories: professionalism, receptivity, and appropriateness. Analysis of the 8 survey responses from RNs and LPNs yielded 3 categories as well, namely: defining the role, determining the impact and determining the fit of the role. Findings in this study indicate that overall, both RNs and LPNs report that clear communication, LPN role clarity, experience working together over time, and a supportive work environment contribute to positive experiences of the RN/LPN skill mix. Feelings of burden, inconsistent teamwork, lack of respect, concerns about patient acuity levels, and varied perceptions of the ability of LPNs and RNs to assume responsibility for patient care present areas of challenge in the workplace.
Matching Book Embedding of the Cartesian Product of a Complete Graph and a Cycle
Creators: name: Shao, Zeling
name: Liu, Yanqing
name: Li, Zhiguo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C10

description: The $book$ $embedding$ of a graph $G$ is to place the vertices of $G$ on the spine and draw the edges to the pages so that the edges in the same page do not cross with each other. The book embedding is $matching$ if the pages have maximum degree $1$. The $matching$ $book$ $thickness$ is the minimum number of pages in which graphs can be matching book embedded. In this paper, we show that the matching book thickness of the Cartesian product $K_p\Box C_q$of a complete graph $K_p$ and a cycle $C_q$ is equal to $Δ(K_p\Box C_q)+1$.
Invisible Higgs in theories of large extra dimensions
Creators: name: Datta, Anindya
name: Huitu, Katri
name: Laamanen, Jari
name: Mukhopadhyaya, Biswarup
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibility of detecting a Higgs boson in future collider experiments if large extra dimensions are realized in nature. In such a case, the Higgs boson can decay invisibly by oscillating into a graviscalar Kaluza-Klein (KK) tower. We show that the search for such a Higgs at an $e^+ e^-$ linear collider entails more complications than are usually thought of in relation to an invisibly decaying Higgs, the main sources of such complications being the simultaneous presence of a continuum graviton production and the broadening of the Higgs peak. We discuss possible ways of overcoming such difficulties, and conclude that the detection of such a Higgs boson might still be a problem beyond the mass range of 250-300 GeV.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, Latex
title: Self-management and participatory schemes in co-operatives : a comparative study of self-management in industrial co-operatives in the Greater Accra Region, Ghana
Creators: name: Ofei, Kwadwo Ansah
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1997

description: This research study investigates the extent to which participatory schemes determine member participation and control in industrial cooperatives in Ghana. Recent studies on co-operative organizations in developing countries have indicated that the problems of self-management in co-operatives are due to low member participation in decision making and control over the affairs of co-operatives. These studies, coming from mainly sociological and anthropological studies, have further suggested that the low member participation and control in co-operatives are due to the problems in the implementation of the principles and ideals of co-operatives in developing countries. The studies have further argued that principles and ideals of co-operatives are difficult to implement because the are incompatible with the traditional social structures and norms in developing countries. A central argument of this study is that the problems of member participation and control in co-operatives should not be attributed solely to the influences of environmental factors in developing societies. The study points out that the degree of member participation and control in a co-operative will also be related to properties of the participatory schemes in the co-operatives. That is, the structures and processes along which participation takes place. The findings of the research study indicate that fundamental determinants of member participation and control are the structural attributes of participatory schemes in the co-operatives. The findings of the study also suggest that the participatory schemes in the cooperatives are influenced by the organizational conditions in the cooperatives. On the basis these findings, the research has contributed to our knowledge of the organization and the functioning of co-operatives in developing countries. Furthermore, the research has demonstrated the possibilities of the extension of modern organization theory to the study self-help and related self-managed enterprises in developing countries.
title: Ausländische Tochterunternehmen zwischen zentraler Abhängigkeit und lokaler Selbstinitiative
title: Fallbeispiele aus der Automobilindustrie in Polen
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Winter, Johannes
Publisher: name: Forschungsstelle Osteuropa, Bremen
Year: 2007

description: Wenn Unternehmen neue Märkte erschließen wollen, Produktions- und Lohnkosten zu senken versuchen und sich um die Flexibilisierung des Faktors Arbeit bemühen, dann tun sie das häufig über die Gründung von Tochterunternehmen, Niederlassungen und Filialen im Ausland. Allen drei Investitionsformen ist auf den ersten Blick ihre hochgradige Abhängigkeit vom Mutterkonzern gemein, die sich etwa in der Verpflichtung äußert, Gewinne an die Zentrale abzuführen und sich dieser in strategischen und operativen Entscheidungsfragen unterzuordnen. In Polen sind seit der politischen und ökonomischen Öffnung des Landes in den späten 1980er Jahren eine Vielzahl von ausländischen Tochterunternehmen gegründet worden. Dabei handelt es sich sowohl um Neugründungen von Standorten (greenfield investments; in 58 % der Fälle) als auch um Joint-Ventures (25 %) und Übernahmen von zur Privatisierung freigegebenen Staatsbetrieben (brownfield investments; 17 %). Mehr als 100 Mrd. US$ an ausländischen Direktinvestitionen sind seit Beginn der marktwirtschaftlichen Transformation nach Polen geflossen, ein Drittel davon in die Industrie. Eine wichtige Empfängerbranche ist die Automobilindustrie, die auf der Suche nach kostengünstigen, zu den westeuropäischen Kernmärkten benachbarten Standorten in Polen, Tschechien, der Slowakei, Ungarn und weiteren mittel- und osteuropäischen Ländern fündig geworden ist. Allein in Polen sind mit Fiat, General Motors und Volkswagen drei Automobilhersteller, die vor Ort Fahrzeuge produzieren. Hinzu kommen Motoren- und Getriebefertiger und mehrere Hundert Automobilzulieferer. Mit der angesprochenen hochgradigen Abhängigkeit von ihren Konzernzentralen sind ausländische Tochterunternehmen allerdings nur unzureichend beschrieben. Transnationale Unternehmen, so die These dieses Beitrags, lassen sich zwar über ihr hierarchisch organisiertes Netzwerk aus räumlich verstreuten Unternehmenseinheiten charakterisieren, jedoch zeigen Beispiele aus der polnischen Automobilindustrie, dass dezentral für das lokale Werksmanagement durchaus Handlungsspielräume etwa beim Einwerben von zusätzlichen Unternehmenskompetenzen bestehen.
description: conference
title: General practitioners' perceptions of mental health services and factors influencing their referral decisions: a comparative, qualitative study
Creators: name: Maddicks, Richard Lee
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1996

description: This study provides a rationale for using a qualitative methodology to explore the factors which influence the GP to refer patients to mental health services. Referral data for a 12 month period were collected and a semi-structured interview used with five male and five female GPs. Findings indicated the importance of inaccessibility in influencing how mental health services were used and suggested that GPs adopt different strategies to manage difficulties associated with this. Clinical psychologists were perceived as inaccessible by all participants whilst their-role was generally defined in a very limited way, with reference to behavioural management skills. In-practice mental health professionals were used extensively and valued due to ease of access, increased opportunities for direct communication and reduced stigma for the patient. Comparative analysis suggested that, generally, female GPs placed more emphasis on the doctor-patient patient relationship and there was an increased likelihood of the female GP perceiving the management of mental health problems as part of their role. Further research questions are considered and methodological issues addressed. The implications of the findings for the relationship between clinical psychology and general practice are discussed.
The Earthworm Gut: an Ideal Habitat for Ingested N2O-Producing Microorganisms
Creators: name: Horn, Marcus A.
name: Schramm, Andreas
name: Drake, Harold L.
Publisher: name: Washington, DC [u.a.] : American Soc. for Microbiology
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Animals
subject: Bacteria, Anaerobic
subject: Carbon
subject: Digestive System
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: The in vivo production of nitrous oxide (N2O) by earthworms is due to their gut microbiota, and it is hypothesized that the microenvironment of the gut activates ingested N2O-producing soil bacteria. In situ measurement of N2O and O2 with microsensors demonstrated that the earthworm gut is anoxic and the site of N2O production. The gut had a pH of 6.9 and an average water content of approximately 50%. The water content within the gut decreased from the anterior end to the posterior end. In contrast, the concentration of N2O increased from the anterior end to the mid-gut region and then decreased along the posterior part of the gut. Compared to the soil in which worms lived and fed, the gut of the earthworm was highly enriched in total carbon, organic carbon, and total nitrogen and had a C/N ratio of 7 (compared to a C/N ratio of 12 in soil). The aqueous phase of gut contents contained up to 80 mM glucose and numerous compounds that were indicative of anaerobic metabolism, including up to 9 mM formate, 8 mM acetate, 3 mM lactate, and 2 mM succinate. Compared to the soil contents, nitrite and ammonium were enriched in the gut up to 10- and 100-fold, respectively. The production of N2O by soil was induced when the gut environment was simulated in anoxic microcosms for 24 h (the approximate time for passage of soil through the earthworm). Anoxia, high osmolarity, nitrite, and nitrate were the dominant factors that stimulated the production of N2O. Supplemental organic carbon had a very minimal stimulatory effect on the production of N2O, and addition of buffer or ammonium had essentially no effect on the initial N2O production rates. However, a combination of supplements yielded rates greater than that obtained mathematically for single supplements, suggesting that the maximum rates observed were due to synergistic effects of supplements. Collectively, these results indicate that the special microenvironment of the earthworm gut is ideally suited for N2O-producing bacteria and support the hypothesis that the in situ conditions of the earthworm gut activate ingested N2O-producing soil bacteria during gut passage.
Directorio digital: herramienta de posicionamiento para los pequeños productores que integran la fundación Sin Fronteras de Quito, una mirada desde la vinculación con la sociedad del Instituto Superior Universitario Bernardo O´Higgins
Creators: name: Ortiz, Francisco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 350499
subject: Commercial services not elsewhere classified

description: Sin duda alguna, en tiempos de crisis como en pandemia, el directorio digital se convirtió en una herramienta importante de posicionamiento para los pequeños productores que integran la Fundación Sin Fronteras de la, desde una mirada académica y de vinculación con la sociedad del Instituto Superior Tecnológico Universitario Bernardo O´Higgins y cómo esta institución aportó a este producto comunicacional.Levantar una línea base sobre las necesidades de estos productores, que, al inicio de la pandemia, sufrieron un declive en sus ventas, permitió estar al tanto a profundidad cada una de las áreas de trabajo, competencias y conocimientos de sus saberes artesanales.El Instituto O´Higgins integró a una de sus funciones sustantivas, la vinculación, para generar en los estudiantes, docentes y personal administrativo una mirada crítica a las necesidades económicas de este sector tan golpeado por la pandemia del Covid-19. Como resultado, se entregó a estas comunidades un directorio digital que les permitió compartirlo en sus redes sociales, chats y otros medios de comunicación digital para generar visibilidad de sus productos y aminorar el impacto económico negativo.
HISTOCHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON TUBERIZING ROOTS IN SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatas L., CV 049)
Creators: name: Babwah, A.V.
name: Sirju-Charran, G.
name: Babwah, A.V.
name: Sirju-Charran, G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Histochemical studies on roots of sweet potato at different stages of development revealed the presence of guaiacol oxidase and 3,3-diaminobenzidine (DAB) oxidase activities in all cells except for xylem vessels. In roots at primary and secondary stages of development similar activities were observed with highest activities in the endodermal and companion cells. In primary roots high activities were also observed in the hypodermal cells. In roots showing secondary growth cells of the periderm, which developed from the hypodermis, as well as xylem tracheids continued to show high activities. Syringaldazine oxidase showed a lag phase with weak activity in the cortical cells and high activities in all cells undergoing lignification in roots at all stages of development. Biochemical assays of guaiacol oxidase indicated high activities in both the soluble cell free (CF) and the solubilized ionically wall bound (I) enzyme fractions with the I fraction consistently showing higher activities in all stages of tuberizing roots. Qualitative tests showed that syringaldazine oxidase activity was restricted to the CF fraction. Both cofactor dependent and independent indole acetic acid (IAA) oxidase were assayed with only the I fraction in all stages of tuberizing roots showing cofactor dependent IAA oxidase activity. The implications of these results are discussed in relation to the anatomical changes and physiological processes taking place in the developing tuberous root.
Exploring Hamiltonian Truncation in $\bf{d=2+1}$
Creators: name: Miro, Joan Elias
name: Hardy, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We initiate the application of Hamiltonian Truncation methods to solve strongly coupled QFTs in $d=2+1$. By analysing perturbation theory with a Hamiltonian Truncation regulator, we pinpoint the challenges of such an approach and propose a way that these can be addressed. This enables us to formulate Hamiltonian Truncation theory for $ϕ^4$ in $d=2+1$, and to study its spectrum at weak and strong coupling. The results obtained agree well with the predictions of a weak/strong self-duality possessed by the theory. The $ϕ^4$ interaction is a strongly relevant UV divergent perturbation, and represents a case study of a more general scenario. Thus, the approach developed should be applicable to many other QFTs of interest.
description: 51 pages, 14 figures
Anaerobic Consumers of Monosaccharides in a Moderately Acidic Fen
Creators: name: Hamberger, Alexandra
name: Horn, Marcus A.
name: Dumont, Marc G.
name: Murrell, J. Colin
name: Drake, Harold L.
Publisher: name: Washington, DC [u.a.] : American Soc. for Microbiology
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Anaerobiosis
subject: Archaea
subject: Bacteria
subject: Biodiversity
subject: Carbon Dioxide
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: 16S rRNA-based stable isotope probing identified active xylose- and glucose-fermenting Bacteria and active Archaea, including methanogens, in anoxic slurries of material obtained from a moderately acidic, CH4-emitting fen. Xylose and glucose were converted to fatty acids, CO2, H 2, and CH4 under moderately acidic, anoxic conditions, indicating that the fen harbors moderately acid-tolerant xylose- and glucose-using fermenters, as well as moderately acid-tolerant methanogens. Organisms of the families Acidaminococcaceae, Aeromonadaceae, Clostridiaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Pseudomonadaceae and the order Actinomycetales, including hitherto unknown organisms, utilized xylose- or glucose-derived carbon, suggesting that highly diverse facultative aerobes and obligate anaerobes contribute to the flow of carbon in the fen under anoxic conditions. Uncultured Euryarchaeota (i.e., Methanosarcinaceae and Methanobacteriaceae) and Crenarchaeota species were identified by 16S rRNA analysis of anoxic slurries, demonstrating that the acidic fen harbors novel methanogens and Crenarchaeota organisms capable of anaerobiosis. Fermentation-derived molecules are conceived to be the primary drivers of methanogenesis when electron acceptors other than CO2 are absent, and the collective findings of this study indicate that fen soils harbor diverse, acid-tolerant, and novel xylose-utilizing as well as glucose-utilizing facultative aerobes and obligate anaerobes that form trophic links to novel moderately acid-tolerant methanogens. Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Die emotionale und motiovationale Situation von Schülerinnen und Schülern mit angepassten Lernzielen in der 6. Primarklasse der Regelschule
Creators: name: Marolf, Aline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Lernziel
Motivation
Masterarbeit

description: Es ist erwiesen, dass sich Emotionen von Schülerinnen und Schülern auf ihre Leistungsmotivation auswirken. Der empirische Teil der vorliegenden Masterarbeit basiert auf Befragungen von drei Schülern und einer Schülerin der 6. Primarklasse einer Regelschule. Die qualitative Inhaltsanalyse soll darüber Aufschluss geben, was bei den Betroffenen auf emotionaler und motivationaler Ebene passiert, wenn sie angepasste Lernziele haben. In Verbindung mit der erarbeiteten Theorie werden Erklärungsansätze für die Resultate aus den erhobenen Daten beschrieben. Die Ergebnisse zeigen die Tendenz, dass Schülerinnen und Schüler mit angepassten Lernzielen aufgrund von zu hohen Anforderungen gestresst, nervös, besorgt und verärgert sind. Angepasste Unterstützung kann zu Entspannung führen, wobei der Vergleich mit der sozialen Bezugsgruppe Emotionen wie Stress, Nervosität und Frust hervorruft.
PERFORMANCES OF NEW AFRICAN GERMPLASM OF THE YAM Dioscorea cavenensis-rotundata IN THE CARIBBEAN
Creators: name: Degras, L.
name: Gamiette, F.
name: Arnolin, R.
name: Degras, L.
name: Gamiette, F.
name: Arnolin, R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Three polycrosses of D. cavenensis-rotundata introduced from IITA (Nigeria) have been selected in Guadeloupe over six years, with the contribution of trials in Martinique, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and Grenada. Several clones appear more adapted to an industrial cultivation than local controls. The selection process and the main characters involved are described. Prospects for the use of this material and the following steps in this first breeding of the African yam in the Caribbean are discussed.
Effect of Earthworm Feeding Guilds on Ingested Dissimilatory Nitrate Reducers and Denitrifiers in the Alimentary Canal of the Earthworm
Creators: name: Depkat-Jakob, Peter S.
name: Hilgarth, Maik
name: Horn, Marcus A.
name: Drake, Harold L.
Publisher: name: Washington, DC [u.a.] : American Soc. for Microbiology
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Actinobacteria
subject: Animals
subject: Base Sequence
subject: Cloning, Molecular
subject: Cluster Analysis
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: The earthworm gut is an anoxic nitrous oxide (N2O)-emitting microzone in aerated soils. In situ conditions of the gut might stimulate ingested nitrate-reducing soil bacteria linked to this emission. The objective of this study was to determine if dissimilatory nitrate reducers and denitrifiers in the alimentary canal were affected by feeding guilds (epigeic [Lumbricus rubellus], anecic [Lumbricus terrestris], and endogeic [Aporrectodea caliginosa]). Genes and gene transcripts of narG (encodes a subunit of nitrate reductase and targets both dissimilatory nitrate reducers and denitrifiers) and nosZ (encodes a subunit of N2O reductase and targets denitrifiers) were detected in guts and soils. Gut-derived sequences were similar to those of cultured and uncultured soil bacteria and to soil-derived sequences obtained in this study. Gut-derived narG sequences and narG terminal restriction fragments (TRFs) were affiliated mainly with Gram-positive organisms (Actinobacteria). The majority of gut- and uppermost-soil-derived narG transcripts were affiliated with Mycobacterium (Actinobacteria). In contrast, narG sequences indicative of Gram-negative organisms (Proteobacteria) were dominant in mineral soil. Most nosZ sequences and nosZ TRFs were affiliated with Bradyrhizobium (Alphaproteobacteria) and uncultured soil bacteria. TRF profiles indicated that nosZ transcripts were more affected by earthworm feeding guilds than were nosZ genes, whereas narG transcripts were less affected by earthworm feeding guilds than were narG genes. narG and nosZ transcripts were different and less diverse in the earthworm gut than in mineral soil. The collective results indicate that dissimilatory nitrate reducers and denitriflers in the earthworm gut are soil derived and that ingested narG- and nosZ-containing taxa were not uniformly stimulated in the guts of worms from different feeding guilds. Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Eiszeitklima und Gesteinsstruktur — Ihre Bedeutung für die asymmetrischen Talformen im Buntsandstein
Creators: name: Hempel, Ludwig
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1958

description: Die Beobachtungen über Verbreitung und Ausgestaltung der asymmetrischen Täler in den verschiedenen Abteilungen des Buntsandsteins zeigen die Zusammenhänge von Gesteinsstruktur, klimatischen Kräften und Formenbildung. Die Feststellungen von Poser & Müller (1951) über die Asymmetrie in Tälern konnten bestätigt werden. Der Asymmetriegrad in allen Gesteinen des Buntsandsteins ist kleiner als in Lockergesteinen (Kies, Sand, Lehm). Innerhalb des Buntsandsteins nimmt der Bausandstein eine besondere Stellung ein. Bausandstein mit silikatischem Bindemittel zeigt nur eine schwache Asymmetrie und neigt zudem vorzugsweise zur Primär-Asymmetrie. Noch extremer ist der Einfluß der Gesteinsstruktur auf die eiszeitliche Formenbildung im Bausandstein mit karbonatischem Bindemittel. Die Anlehnung der Abtragung an das Kluftsystem und die Herauspräparierung von Felsen zwischen den Klüften führte streckenweise zu einer Umkehr der Verhältnisse bei primärer Asymmetrie.
description: research
COLLECTION OF YAM BEAN (Pachyrhizus (L.) Urban) GERMPLASM IN CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN
Creators: name: Grum, M.
name: Stolen, O.
name: Sorensen, M.
name: Grum, M.
name: Stolen, O.
name: Sorensen, M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Two field collection trips, one in 1985 and another in 1988, were carried out in the Neotropical distribution area of the tuberous legume genus Pachvrrhizus. The localities visited were identified through studies of herbarium material. Some 49 accessions of the species P. erosus. 7 of P. ferruqineus. 1 of P. panamensis. 3 of P. tuberosus and 2 of P. ahipa were collected. Plants representing all the material collected were initially grown under greenhouse conditions in Denmark and have formed the basis of the hybridization programme.
Association of Novel and Highly Diverse Acid-Tolerant Denitrifiers with N2O Fluxes of an Acidic Fen
Creators: name: Palmer, Katharina
name: Drake, Harold L.
name: Horn, Marcus A.
Publisher: name: Washington, DC [u.a.] : American Soc. for Microbiology
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Acids
subject: Bacteria
subject: Base Sequence
subject: DNA Primers
subject: DNA, Bacterial
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Wetlands are sources of denitriflcation-derived nitrous oxide (N 2O). Thus, the denitrifler community of an N2O-emitting fen (pH 4.7 to 5.2) was investigated. N2O was produced and consumed to subatmospheric concentrations in unsupplemented anoxic soil microcosms. Total cell counts and most probable numbers of denitriflers approximated 10 11 cells · gDW-1 (where DW is dry weight) and 108 cells • gDW-1, respectively, in both 0- to 10-cm and 30- to 40-cm depths. Despite this uniformity, depth-related maximum reaction rate (vma-) values for denitriflcation in anoxic microcosms ranged from 1 to 24 and - 19 to - 105 nmol N2O h-1 • gDW-1, with maximal values occurring in the upper soil layers. Denitriflcation was enhanced by substrates that might be formed via fermentation in anoxic microzones of soil. N2O approximated 40% of total nitrogenous gases produced at in situ pH, which was likewise the optimal pH for denitriflcation. Gene libraries of narG and nosZ (encoding nitrate reductase and nitrous oxide reductase, respectively) from fen soil DNA yielded 15 and 18 species-level operational taxonomie units, respectively, many of which displayed phylogenetic novelty and were not closely related to cultured organisms. Although statistical analyses of narG and nosZ sequences indicated that the upper 20 cm of soil contained the highest denitrifler diversity and species richness, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of narG and nosZ revealed only minor differences in denitrifler community composition from a soil depth of 0 to 40 cm. The collective data indicate that the regional fen harbors novel, highly diverse, acid-tolerant denitrifler communities capable of complete denitriflcation and consumption of atmospheric N2O at in situ pH. Copyright © 2010, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
Fermi-Bose Correspondence and Bose-Einstein Condensation in The Two-Dimensional Ideal Gas
Creators: name: Swarup, A.
name: Cowan, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ideal uniform two-dimensional (2D) Fermi and Bose gases are considered both in the thermodynamic limit and the finite case. We derive May's Theorem, viz. the correspondence between the internal energies of the Fermi and Bose gases in the thermodynamic limit. This results in both gases having the same heat capacity. However, as we shall show, the thermodynamic limit is never truly reached in two dimensions and so it is essential to consider finite-size effects. We show in an elementary manner that for the finite 2D Bose gas, a pseudo-Bose-Einstein condensate forms at low temperatures, incompatible with May's Theorem. The two gases now have different heat capacities, dependent on the system size and tending to the same expression in the thermodynamic limit.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures in EPS format, to be published in Journal of Low Temperature Physics
The social characteristics of Hungarian historic city centres
Creators: name: Szirmai, Viktória
Publisher: name: RKK, Pécs
Year: 2007

description: The results of the representative sociological research of Hungarian cities and their centres are showing a Hungarian way in the general development tendencies of the European and East Central-European city centres. The processes of transition, the impacts of European and global economic integration have adjusted the characteristic features of Hungarian big city centres to the inner space character of European big cities. According to the results of research the central areas of Hungarian big cities following the major features of West European big cities re concentrating high social classes: people with high educational level and high professional qualifications and with high incomes. The marketable, younger and more active demographic groups also prefer settling down in the internal zones of urban space10. The presence of low social classes is higher in suburbs and in backwarded urban peripheries. However handicapped social classes are present in city centres as well and the members of high social classes have also emerged in urban peripheries. The controversial situation of European and East Central European city centres can be well illustrated by the fact that Hungarian big city centres are concentrating not only high social classes and advanced economy (with high-tech infrastructure and sophisticated institutional system and services) but the majority of physical and social problems as well. The central zones of Hungarian big cities are facing much more social problems than their suburbs and peripheries. The further we are moving away from city centres the lower severity of social problems we meet ...
description: report
Performance of an optically read out time projection chamber with ultra-relativistic electrons
Creators: name: Antochi, V. C.
name: Baracchini, E.
name: Benussi, L.
name: Bianco, S.
name: Capoccia, C.
name: Caponero, M.
name: Cavoto, G.
name: Cortez, A.
name: Costa, I. A.
name: Di Marco, E.
name: D'Imperio, G.
name: Dho, G.
name: Iacoangeli, F.
name: Maccarrone, G
name: Marafini, M.
name: Mazzitelli, G.
name: Messina, A.
name: N'obrega, R. A.
name: Orlandi, A.
name: Paoletti, E.
name: Passamonti, L.
name: Petrucci, F.
name: Piccolo, D.
name: Pierluigi, D.
name: Pinci, D.
name: Renga, F.
name: Rosatelli, F.
name: Russo, A.
name: Saviano, G.
name: Tomassini, S
name: Voena, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Time Projection Chamber (TPC) is an ideal candidate to finely study the charged particle ionization in a gaseous medium. Large volumes TPCs can be read out with a suitable number of channels offering a complete 3D reconstruction of an ultra-relativistic charged particle track, that is the sequence of its energy releases in the TPC gas volume. Moreover, He-based TPCs are very promising to study keV energy particles as nuclear recoils, opening the possibility for directional searches of Dark Matter (DM) and the study of Solar Neutrinos (SN). In this paper, we report the analysis of the data acquired with a small TPC prototype (named LEMOn) built by the CYGNO collaboration that was exposed to a beam of 450 MeV electrons at the Beam Test Facility of National Laboratories of Frascati. LEMOn is operated with a He-CF4 mixture at atmospheric pressure and is based on a Gas Electron Multipliers amplification stage that produces visible light collected by a sub-millimeter position resolution scientific CMOS camera. This type of readout - in conjunction with a fast light detection - allows a 3D reconstruction of the electrons' tracks. The electrons are leaving a trail of segments of ionizations corresponding to a few keV energy releases each. Their study leads to predict a keV energy threshold and 1-10 mm longitudinal and 0.1-0.3 mm transverse position resolution for nuclear recoils, very promising for the application of optically readout TPC to DM searches and SN measurements.
MISSION AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF THE ST. CROIX GERMPLASM INTRODUCTION AND RESEARCH UNIT
Creators: name: Cardona, C.
name: Sotomayor-Rios, A.
name: Shands, H.
name: Hepperly, P.
name: Cardona, C.
name: Sotomayor-Rios, A.
name: Shands, H.
name: Hepperly, P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The USDA-ARS Germplasm Introduction and Research Unit (GIRU) is located on a 58-acre farm adjacent to the University of the Virgin Islands on St. Croix. From its inception in 1951 until 1987, the facility was operated as the St. Croix Federal Experiment Station. Between 1952 and 1965, the Station research was devoted to improving agriculture in the Virgin Islands. From 1965 to 1986, pilot tests were conducted at the Station for the control of economically important pests through nonchemical means. The main objective of GIRU since its beginning in 1987 has been to grow, evaluate, and increase seed of quarantined introductions of tropical and subtropical cereals such as sorghum, corn, and rice for the National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) under USDA-APHIS protocols. The current quarantine program allows restricted germplasm to be evaluated and increased under field conditions rather than the greenhouse conditions required in northern areas of the United States. Information on the germplasm evaluated at GIRU is available to scientists and researchers worldwide through the USDA's Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) system.
Effects of defects in the XY chain with frustrated boundary conditions
Creators: name: Torre, Gianpaolo
name: Marić, Vanja
name: Franchini, Fabio
name: Giampaolo, Salvatore Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been recently proven that new types of bulk, local order can ensue due to frustrated boundary condition, that is, periodic boundary conditions with an odd number of lattice sites and anti-ferromagnetic interactions. For the quantum XY chain in zero external fields, the usual antiferromagnetic order has been found to be replaced either by a mesoscopic ferromagnet or by an incommensurate AFM order. In this work we examine the resilience of these new types of orders against a defect that breaks the translational symmetry of the model. We find that, while a ferromagnetic defect restores the traditional, staggered order, an AFM one stabilizes the incommensurate order. The robustness of the frustrated order to certain kinds of defects paves the way for its experimental observability.