cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the benefits of localized modes in anharmonic vibrational calculations for small molecules
Creators: name: Panek, Pawel T.
name: Jacob, Christoph R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anharmonic vibrational calculations can already be computationally demanding for relatively small molecules. The main bottlenecks lie in the construction of the potential energy surface and in the size of the excitation space in the vibrational configuration interaction (VCI) calculations. To address these challanges, we use localized-mode coordinates to construct potential energy surfaces and perform vibrational self-consistent field (L-VSCF) and L-VCI calculations [P. T. Panek, Ch. R. Jacob, ChemPhysChem 15, 3365 (2014)] for all vibrational modes of two prototypical test cases, the ethene and furan molecules. We find that the mutual coupling between modes is reduced when switching from normal-mode coordinates to localized-mode coordinates. When using such localized-mode coordinates, we observe a faster convergence of the $n$-mode expansion of the potential energy surface. This makes it possible to neglect higher-order contributions in the $n$-mode expansion of the potential energy surface or to approximate higher-oder contributions in hybrid potential energy surfaces, which reduced the computational effort for the construction of the anharmonic potential energy surface significantly. Moreover, we find that when using localized-mode coordinates, the convergence with respect to the VCI excitation space proceeds more smoothly and that the error at low orders is reduced significantly. This makes it possible to devise low-cost models for obtaining a first approximation of anharmonic corrections. This demonstrates that the use of localized-mode coordinates can be beneficial already in anharmonic vibrational calculations of small molecules, and provides a possible avenue for enabling such accurate calculations also for larger molecules.
Non-isometric T-duality from gauged sigma models
Creators: name: Chatzistavrakidis, Athanasios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Local symmetries is one of the most successful themes in modern theoretical physics. Although they are usually associated to Lie algebras, a gradual increase of interest in more general situations where local symmetries are associated to groupoids and algebroids has taken place in recent years. On the other hand, dualities is another persistently interesting theme in modern physics. One of the most prominent examples is provided by target space duality in string theory. The latter, Abelian or not, is usually associated to the presence of isometries, which is however a very restrictive assumption. In this contribution we discuss some recent advances located at the intersection of the above two themes. Focusing on bosonic string sigma models we discuss certain gauged versions where (a) the invariance conditions on the background fields are much milder than the isometric case and (b) the gauge symmetry is generically associated to a Lie algebroid instead of just a Lie algebra. Furthermore we utilize such gauged sigma models to study the possibility of non-Abelian, non-isometric T-duality.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of the Humboldt Kolleg Open Problems in Theoretical Physics: the Issue of Quantum Space-Time, 18-22 September 2015, Corfu, Greece; v2: typos in eqs. (2.7) and (3.4) corrected
Photovoltaic Self-Consumption in Germany - Using Lithium-Ion Storage to Increase Self-Consumed Photovoltaic Energy
Creators: name: Braun, M.
name: Büdenbender, K.
name: Magnor, D.
name: Jossen, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Engineering and System Integration

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3121-3127
description: The new German Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG) for the year 2009 provides a new tariff option:
self-consumption (EEG §33,2). By economically favouring the local consumption of PV energy, the EEG incentivises
the owners of PV systems to either shift their consumption to the time of production by load management or use storage
options. Massive deployment of such energy management approaches may reduce the impact of PV energy in the grid
and thus pave the way for a further rise of the number of installations.
For maximizing locally consumed PV energy, a storage system based on lithium-ion batteries is developed in the French-
German project Sol-ion. Fraunhofer IWES, INES, ISEA and ZSW developed models to analyse the energy flows in
residential PV-battery systems installed in Germany and in France. The models are used to calculate the increase of PV
self-consumption. Energy flow simulations show that PV battery systems as developed in the Sol-ion project increase the
local consumption of PV energy at the point of common coupling without constraining the user in his consumption
habits. Target battery costs were calculated in an economical assessment. The installation of a Sol-ion system will
become economically interesting with specific battery costs below 350 €/kWh as expected by the manufacturers in the
medium term. The integration of additional functionalities (e.g. backup power and grid support) can improve the benefit
of the Sol-ion system significantly.
Role of Excited States In High-order Harmonic Generation
Creators: name: Beaulieu, Samuel
name: Camp, Seth
name: Descamps, Dominique
name: Comby, Antoine
name: Wanie, Vincent
name: Petit, Stéphane
name: Légaré, François
name: Schafer, Kenneth J.
name: Gaarde, Mette B.
name: Catoire, Fabrice
name: Mairesse, Yann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the role of excited states in High-order Harmonic Generation by studying the spectral, spatial and temporal characteristics of the radiation produced near the ionization threshold of argon by few-cycle laser pulses. We show that the population of excited states can lead either to direct XUV emission through Free Induction Decay or to the generation of high-order harmonics through ionization from these states and recombination to the ground state. By using the attosecond lighthouse technique, we demonstrate that the high-harmonic emission from excited states is temporally delayed by a few femtoseconds compared to the usual harmonics, leading to a strong nonadiabatic spectral redshift.
description: Accepted at Physical Review Letters
Simulation and understanding of quantum crystals
Creators: name: Cazorla, Claudio
name: Boronat, Jordi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum crystals abound in the whole range of solid-state species. Below a certain threshold temperature the physical behavior of rare gases (4He and Ne), molecular solids (H2 and CH4), and some ionic (LiH), covalent (graphite), and metallic (Li) crystals can be only explained in terms of quantum nuclear effects (QNE). A detailed comprehension of the nature of quantum solids is critical for achieving progress in a number of fundamental and applied scientific fields like, for instance, planetary sciences, hydrogen storage, nuclear energy, quantum computing, and nanoelectronics. This review describes the current physical understanding of quantum crystals and the wide variety of simulation techniques that are used to investigate them. Relevant aspects in these materials such as phase transformations, energy and structural properties, elasticity, and the effects of crystalline defects and dimensionality, are discussed thoroughly. An introduction to quantum Monte Carlo techniques, which in the present context are the simulation methods of choice, and other quantum simulation approaches (e. g., path-integral molecular dynamics and quantum thermal baths) is provided. The overarching objective of this article is twofold. First, to clarify in which crystals and physical situations the disregard of QNE may incur in important bias and erroneous interpretations. And second, to promote the study and appreciation of QNE, a topic that traditionally has been treated in the context of condensed matter physics, within the broad and interdisciplinary areas of materials science.
description: 60 pages, 21 figures
Qualifying Thin Film Silicon Module Components through an In-House Solar Cell Laboratory – Methodology and Examples
Creators: name: Kolter, M.
name: Didschuns, I.
name: Yeh, L.-Y.
name: Venkataraj, S.
name: Hirsch, M.
name: Gierens, A.
name: Nositschka, A.
name: Bondkowski, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3260-3263
description: Saint-Gobain develops and commercializes components for Thin Film Silicon (TFS) Solar
Modules. In order to optimize time-to-market, we built a dedicated In-House Solar Cell Laboratory.
To understand the influence of components on industrial module performance the laboratory is equipped with
industrial cell manufactouring processes.
Essential is the error bar to deliver quantified components benchmarking in the final device. Excellent
homogeneity and run-to-run stability is reached.
We present as an example results in successful development of TCO front electrodes. An improvement of 7% of
the final product is achieved, which is above customer target.
By industrial in-house testing at Saint-Gobain no development at customer site is needed.
Association of glutathione-S-transferase polymorphisms with atopic dermatitis risk in preschool age children
Creators: name: Chung, Jayong
name: Oh, Se-Young
name: Shin, You-Kyung
Publisher: name: Kooperation de Gruyter
Year: 2009

description: Background: Glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes are critical for detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS) and their products which have been implicated in the pathology of inflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD). Methods: We investigated the effects of genetic polymorphisms of GST on the risk of AD in preschool age children. Biomarkers for oxidative stress were also evaluated with respect to GST genotype. Results: The GSTP1 Val105 allele was significantly associated with an increased risk of AD [odds ratio (OR)=1.62, p<0.05]. The combination of the GSTP1 Val105 allele and the GSTT1 null genotype further increased this risk by 2.3-fold (p<0.01). No association was observed for the GSTM1 null or GSTT1 null genotype alone. In children with AD, blood total antioxidant capacity was significantly less (p<0.001), while malondialdehyde was higher (p=0.12). Children with the GSTP1 Val105 allele had significantly lower concentrations of erythrocyte glutathione compared to GSTP1 Ile/Ile homozygotes (p=0.03). Conclusions: Our study suggests that the GSTP1 Val105 allele is an important determinant of susceptibility to AD in preschool age children and increased oxidative stress may play a role in the pathogenesis of AD. Clin Chem Lab Med 2009;47:1475–81.
Quantum Hall effect in momentum space
Creators: name: Ozawa, Tomoki
name: Price, Hannah M.
name: Carusotto, Iacopo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically discuss a momentum-space analog of the quantum Hall effect, which could be observed in topologically nontrivial lattice models subject to an external harmonic trapping potential. In our proposal, the Niu-Thouless-Wu formulation of the quantum Hall effect on a torus is realized in the toroidally shaped Brillouin zone. In this analogy, the position of the trap center in real space controls the magnetic fluxes that are inserted through the holes of the torus in momentum space. We illustrate the momentum-space quantum Hall effect with the noninteracting trapped Harper-Hofstadter model, for which we numerically demonstrate how this effect manifests itself in experimental observables. Extension to the interacting trapped Harper-Hofstadter model is also briefly considered. We finally discuss possible experimental platforms where our proposal for the momentum-space quantum Hall effect could be realized.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Concept of a Battery Aging Model for Lithium-Ion Batteries Considering the Lifetime Dependency on the Operation Strategy
Creators: name: Magnor, D.
name: Gerschler, J.B.
name: Ecker, M.
name: Merk, P.
name: Sauer, D.U.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Engineering and System Integration

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3128-3134
description: Especially in applications with long system lifetimes like PV systems or electro-mobility applications,
the battery share of the overall systems’ life cycle cost (LCC) is significant, due to the relatively high investment cost
and the limited lifetimes of most battery systems. The battery lifetimes on the other hand are depending on a variety
of parameters, some of which can be influenced by the operation strategy. In order to optimize the life cycle cost of
the system two main questions have to be answered regarding the battery: what is the optimum battery size and how
to control the operation strategy of the system. This paper shows a modeling approach that takes into consideration
the battery lifetime depending on operation parameters like state of charge (SOC) or in fact the potential and the
depth of the cycles SOC. The presented model approach offers the chance of predicting the battery lifetime
depending on the operation conditions of a given application more precisely. This paves the way for an optimization
of the energy and also the battery management system in order to minimize the LCC of the overall system.
title: Obstacles and opportunities in implementing large-scale agile project management: Re-positioning activity theory as an analytical tool
Creators: name: Chita, Pritam Singh
Publisher: name: Edinburgh Napier University
Year: 2022

description: A key challenge facing organisations adopting large-scale Agile delivery methods is that of quickly and effectively learning new ways of working. This thesis posits that fundamental historical, cultural and behavioural aspects will affect the transition, learning and development of new working practices. Activity Theory (AT), a Practice Theory based approach, was selected as an organisational learning approach to examine these elements and was applied to a small Initial Study. The application process and results obtained, revealed issues relating to the validity and consistency of the research approach and the contextualisation of results. This led to the re-examination of Activity Theory and Agile literature resulting in the creation of a consolidated Activity Theory framework (CATF) consisting of several discrete components.

Characteristics and features of an activity were closely defined, and six generic Agile activities identified to structure the examination of organisational practices. A set of evaluation criteria consisting of collaborative activity, contradictions and congruences were established. A Structured Question Set was created and applied to an Agile implementation case study within a large public sector organisation. Data collection consisted of practice observation and thirty-three interviews and analysis was undertaken using qualitative data analysis software.

The contributions of this thesis are that the Practice Theory based approach provides original insight in surfacing the socially constructed, learning and development obstacles when adopting large-scale Agile delivery methods. Using the CATF to identify learning and development issues related to practice, provides useful perspectives that reinforce other approaches and promotes discussion beyond anecdotal and list based viewpoints. In focussing on the obstacles to learning and development of large-scale Agile practices, the CATF provides a structured and layered perspective analogous to a ‘meta’ maturity model without prescribing practices or procedures. The contribution of the CATF is as a diagnostic and analytical tool that is granular, scalable and progressive.
Enhancement of Light Trapping by N-SiOx/Al Back Reflector in Amorphous Silicon Thin Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Zhang, X.
name: Yue, Q.
name: Zheng, X.
name: Geng, X.
name: Xiong, S.
name: Zhao, Y.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3232-3234
description: In this paper, we studied n-SiOx/Al as back reflectors for amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) solar cells. Compared to
Al single-layer as back reflectors, adding a n-SiOx layer into the BR could improve the solar cell performance, which not
only enhances the short circuit current density by an improvement of spectral response in the wavelength range of 550-750
nm, but also improves the open circuit voltage. On the other hand, the process for depositing n-SiOx films is compatible with
a-Si solar cells because the n-SiOx films were also deposited by PECVD method. With an optimized n-SiOx/Al back reflector,
a-Si:H solar cells with an intrinsic layer thickness of 270 nm show 13.1% enhancement in efficiency.
Pathomechanismen der Migräne
Creators: name: Reuter, Uwe
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Medizinische Fakultät - Universitätsklinikum Charité
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Migräne
subject: Aura
subject: Meningen
subject: Inflammation
subject: migraine
subject: aura
subject: meninges
subject: inflammation
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 33 Medizin

description: Die Auslöser der Migräne sind weitgehend unbekannt. Eine Cortical Spreading Depression, das pathophysiologische Korrelat der Migräne Aura, führt im Tierexperiment zur Aktivierung des trigeminalen Schmerzsystems. Hieraus resultieren verschiedenste Veränderungen in der Dura mater, zu denen ein verzögerter Blutflussanstieg in der A. meningea media und die Extravasation von Plasmaproteinen gehören. Diese Ereignisse sind mit der Genese von Kopfschmerzen vereinbar. Die Infusion von Nitroglycerin führt zu der Entwicklung einer meningealen Inflammation, welche als Korrelat der verzögerten Migräneattacke nach Nitroglycerin Infusion in Patienten angesehen werden könnte. Die repetitive Gabe von Sumatriptan und Zolmitriptan hat keinen funktionell relevanten Einfluss in experimentellen Paradigmen zur Wirksamkeit von Triptanen. Zudem wird die Expression von Serotonin (5-HT1) Rezeptor mRNA in Geweben mit Relevanz zur Migräne nicht entscheidend verändert. Diese Untersuchungen zeigen neue Pathomechanismen in der Genese der Migräne auf und identifizieren damit bisher unbekannte Ziele, die zur Entwicklung innovativer medikamentöser Strategien zur Behandlung der Migräne dienen können.
description: The pathophysiological events which initiate a migraine attack are largely unknown. Cortical spreading depression (CSD) is supposed to be the pathophysiological correlate of the migraine aura. CSD is able to activate the ipsilateral trigeminal nerve system thereby leading to a series of events within meninges consistent with the notion of headache. In particular, CSD leads to a delayed increase of meningeal blood flow and the extravasation of plasma proteins. In an experimental animal model the infusion of glyceryl trinitrate causes delayed meningeal inflammation. The latter serves as the correlate of delayed migraine attacks after glyceryl trinitrate infusion in susceptible individuals. Protracted administration of sumatriptan and zolmitritpan does not alter the outcome in functional assays that are used to determine the efficacy of triptans. Moreover, the expression of serotonin (5-HT1) receptor mRNA is not significantly attenuated in tissues related to migraine pathophysiology. In summary, these studies shed light on the mechanism leading to migraine headache and thereby identify novel targets for the development of new anti-migraine drugs.
title: An investigation of the key factors that influence perceptions of managers impacting sustainability of IT services organisations located in Singapore
Creators: name: Bhattiprolu, Srinivas
Publisher: name: Edinburgh Napier University
Year: 2022

description: The world is changing, and the market is changing, at speed of light. The ongoing global pandemic, environmental pressures, cost pressures, inequality, and productivity challenges are having an impact on every industry, business and organisation. The world of Information Technology (IT) business is a boiling cauldron. Some organisations grow rapidly, others disappear almost instantly, and some of them, often the larger organisations, stagnate and wither slowly. With all this happening, one of the main concerns for leaders is “how can my organisation become sustainable?” This has resulted in a growing number of sustainability initiatives across all industries. It can be argued that IT Services is one of the industries most impacted by the changes in the economic and business climate. As a result, there is a growing, if not an insatiable, desire to create a sustainable organisation. Even though there is some literature available describing organisational sustainability, there is limited literature available on sustainability of IT services firms. If you add the geographical dimension of Singapore, the amount of literature really dwindles.

The researcher adopted a qualitative approach to analyse the perceptions of managers employed in IT firms in Singapore on organisation sustainability. Similarly, this research thesis adopted a qualitative approach using Grounded theory to analyse managers’ individual views, experiences, meanings, and perceptions to events and situations.

This allowed the researcher to describe and characterise a theoretical framework – Sustainability Quadrant.

Fourteen managers participated in the study, which was conducted through semi structured interviews as a research instrument.

A conceptual model was developed with recommendations to managers along with the prioritization of the same. The findings suggest that there are quite a few factors that influence the perception of the managers and they can be analysed, categorized and summarized as a set of characteristics and concomitant recommendations to help managers improve the sustainability of IT services firms in Singapore.

This thesis provides the basis for further empirical research into organisational sustainability for IT services firms, as well as providing guidance on some of the conceptual and practical implications for managers to deal with the topic of organisational sustainability. Sustainability as a concept is lot more relevant after 2020, where we witnessed an eternal factor like “pandemic” challenge the sustainability of industries not just firms. These external factors will continue to happen, and managers can only prepare and mitigate the risk.
Estimate of the radius responsible for quasinormal modes in the extreme Kerr limit and asymptotic behavior of the Sasaki-Nakamura transformation
Creators: name: Nakano, Hiroyuki
name: Sago, Norichika
name: Tanaka, Takahiro
name: Nakamura, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sasaki-Nakamura transformation gives a short-ranged potential and a convergent source term for the master equation of perturbations in the Kerr space-time. In this paper, we study the asymptotic behavior of the transformation, and present a new relaxed necessary and sufficient condition of the transformation to obtain the short-ranged potential in the assumption that the transformation converges in the far distance. Also, we discuss quasinormal mode frequencies which are determined by the information around the peak of the potential in the WKB analysis. Finally, in the extreme Kerr limit, $a/M \to 1$, where $M$ and $a$ denote the mass and spin parameter of a Kerr black hole, respectively, we find the peak location of the potential, $r_p/M \lesssim 1 + 1.8 \,(1-a/M)^{1/2}$ by using the new transformation. The uncertainty of the location is as large as that expected from the equivalence principle.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, added some references, modifications to match the published version in PTEP
Hybrid Polymers as Thermoplastic Encapsulants for the Efficient Manufacturing of PV Modules
Creators: name: Schäfer, O.
name: Randel, P.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3569-3570
description: The following paper describes the development of an encapsulant with superior transparency, high
adhesion and high protective properties and compares it with state-of-the-art encapsulants. The chemical structure of this
material is based on a suitable combination of silicone raw materials with appropriate organic compounds. The processing
parameters of this new encapsulant is based on its thermoplastic nature and allows reduced cycle times with known
processing techniques like vacuum lamination as well as autoclave processes.
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria
Creators: name: Zornoza, Raúl
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Plant growth promoting bacteria
PGPB
microbial
soil

description: Adoption of new management practices to increase crop production and quality (Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria) This work was funded by the European Commission Horizon 2020 project SoildiverAgro [grant agreement 817819].
Comparative numerical studies of ion traps with integrated optical cavities
Creators: name: Podoliak, Nina
name: Takahashi, Hiroki
name: Keller, Matthias
name: Horak, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a range of radio-frequency ion trap geometries and investigate the effect of integrating dielectric cavity mirrors on their trapping potential. We aim to identify ion trap and cavity configurations that are best suited for achieving small cavity volumes and thus large ion-photon coupling as required for scalable quantum information networks. In particular, we investigate the trapping potential distortions caused by the dielectric material of the cavity mirrors for different mirror orientations with respect to the trapping electrodes, as well as for mirror misalignment. We also analyze the effect of the mirror material properties such as dielectric constants and surface conductivity, and study the effect of surface charges on the mirrors. The smallest trapping potential distortions are found if the cavities are aligned along the major symmetry axis of the electrode geometries. These cavity configurations also appear to be the most stable with respect to any mirror misalignment.
Selective Removal of SiNx by Ultrashort Laser Pulses and Nickel Silicide Formation
Creators: name: Juzumas, V.
name: Janusonis, J.
name: Janusoniene, V.
name: Sulinskas, K.
name: Andrijauskas, D.
name: Jeramine, L.
name: Lukstaraupis, T.
name: Janusonis, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1757-1761
description: In a last few years the field of silicon photovoltaics has seen an increasing number of applications
of microelectronic techniques, such as ion implantation and salicide (self-aligned silicide) processes for contact
formation. It is well known that conventional screen printed emitter contacts have severe limitations in terms of
high surface doping concentration required and a deep junction in order to exhibit good contact resistance and
avoid shunting. The purpose of this work was to form nickel silicide contacts in an industrially feasible way on
shallow and hence optically thin pn junctions (<0.4μm deep) on a randomly textured surface. We have
investigated a contact window formation process in SiNx by femtosecond UV pulse ablation on the textured
surface, subsequent Ni layer deposition and silicide formation.
Low contact resistances were obtained on low surface concentration (NS~3-5e19cm-3) thin textured emitters. Thin
metallization lines ~20μm were obtained and the width can be further reduced.
Current Status and Future Prospects of the PV Market in Japan - Toward the GW-PV Country
Creators: name: Ikki, O.
name: Kaizuka, I.
name: Ohigashi, T.
name: Matsukawa, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: PV Taking Off: Large-Scale Deployment
Markets for Large-scale PV

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4514-4517
description: The PV market in Japan moved into the run-up period toward GW country in terms of annual
introduction capacity with the new support measures started in 2009. Newly installed capacity for the calendar year
2010 reached 991 MW, almost double size from the figure of 2009 market (483 MW). This growth is based on two
key measures by the national government; Program for Subsidy for Measures to Support Introduction of Residential
PV Systems that METI, the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry re-started in January 2009 and Feed-in tariff
program for surplus PV power started in November 2009. Further growth of the PV market in Japan is expected from
the new policy and measures. The government will move toward drastic introduction of PV power generation by
implementing enhancement and relaxation of institutions and regulations, support measures, promotion of research
and development and reinforcement of electricity supply framework. Among them, new Feed-in Tariff program
passed the diet in 26th of August 2011 and the program will start in July of 2012. It is expected that the new FiT
program would drive the growth of non-residential PVmarket. In addition, it is assumed that Japan’s PV market will
be diversified with the taking off of large scale PV plants planned by utilities which announced construction of 30
large scale PV plants, 140 MW in total by 2020. Under such circumstances, it is expected that the Japanese PV
market of 2011 will reach more than 1GW and further growth will be expected in 2012. This paper presents the
current status and future prospects of the PV market in Japan from the view point of policy & measures and the
development of the PV market.
The Conversion Efficiency Impact on Economic Competitiveness of Photovoltaic Systems
Creators: name: Righetti, A.
name: Grasso, G.
name: Pierluigi, F.
name: Crippa, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: PV Taking Off: Large-Scale Deployment
Markets for Large-scale PV

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4553-4556
description: The significant cost reduction achieved by photovoltaic technology in the last year has raised in the
public opinion the expectation that this renewable energy source will possibly be competitive with fossil fuel technology
(“grid parity”) in the near future. The calculation of the Levelized Energy Cost (LEC) provides correct means to compare
the cost of energy across technologies.
In this paper we present an analysis of the target cost of the photovoltaic panels based on LEC, using updated prices
for the BOS (Balance Of the System), that represents a significant part of the cost of a plant, and using the conversion
efficiency, the rate between the produced electrical power and the incident sun power, as the variables. Being the energy
produced dependent on the geographical position of the plant, we used in the model the solar irradiation data of southern
Italy.
The model shows that, around 20% conversion efficiency, the maximum panel cost increases by 0.04 €/W for each
percent point of efficiency. Assuming a future target price of the panels of 0.5 €/W, an efficiency higher than 30% would
be needed.
Economics of Photovoltaic System on Improving the PV Cell Efficiency
Creators: name: Hwang, H.M.
name: Park, J.B.
name: Rho, J.H.
name: So, J.H.
name: Yu, G.J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: PV Taking Off: Large-Scale Deployment
Markets for Large-scale PV

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4557-4559
description: In this paper we analyze the economics of photovoltaic system according to increasing the PV cell
efficiency. Recently, the photovoltaic industry and market are rapidly improving in many quarters and also solar cell
demands in the world reaches about 7,000 MWp (estimated). And the production capacities of PV cell is increasing
annually, especially the thin-film cells continues its upward trend. This phenomenon is result from the imbalance
between supply and demand for silicon a few years ago. At that time, increasing the price of the crystalline silicon
solar cell gives lift to study of the thin-film modules, which need to the small silicon quantity in manufacturing
process compared with crystalline silicon solar cell. However the thin-film solar cell has lower efficiency than the
crystalline solar cell because the efficiency of cell is relative to installation area. That means the thin-film solar cell
needs to larger area than crystalline. So in case of using the thin film module for PV installation, consequentially the
user (or business owner) meets with more cost owing to land value in the initial stages. Therefore we estimate the
extent of cost down according to increasing the efficiency of the thin-film photovoltaic cell in general PV installing
and operating situation. And applying the government’s supply system to hypothetical PV system, we analyze the
value of the cost-saving in aspect to the business owner.
Advances Towards Low Cost Solar Cells on Extremely Thin c-SI Wafers
Creators: name: Ochoa-Martínez, E.
name: Vázquez, C.
name: Gabas, M.
name: Hartiti, B.
name: Ramos-Barrado, J.R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1732-1734
description: An alternative low cost method for phosphorus diffusion and pn junction formation suitable for extremely thin (<100 um) c-Si solar cells is analyzed. The deposition of the doping layer has been carried out by spray-coating. The effect of the different deposition conditions on lifetime and sheet resistance of the prepared samples is analyzed. The oxygen content in the resulting samples has been monitored as well, finding the relationship between deposition and diffusion conditions and the prepared emitters properties.
I-V data of the resulting cells are presented. Results suggest an adequate performance of the overall process, in particular considering the basic process in use that lacks of pasivation, texturization and antireflective layers which would improve efficiency of the cells.
Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells with a Rear Dielectric Layer Made of Screen-Printed Polyimide
Creators: name: Takato, H.
name: Togashi, C.
name: Win, M.S.
name: Goshima, T.
name: Sato, T.
name: Kikuchi, Y.
name: Sakata, I.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1753-1756
description: We present a novel solar cell structure with a rear dielectric layer made of screen-printed polyimide for
the first time. We propose a low-cost cell fabrication process incorporating screen-printed polyimide layers. In this
process, the rear dielectric layer and contact holes can be formed at the same time by the screen-printing of polyimide
ink. The rear point-contact structure can, therefore, be realized by the screen-printing without using costly processes
such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and atomic layer deposition (ALD) which were employed for depositing
the rear dielectric layers. We report the properties of this new type of cells and show that the new material and
process proposed here are promising for next generation c-Si solar cells.
High Efficient Very Large Thin Film Silicon Photovoltaic Modules (HELATHIS)
Creators: name: Vetter, M.
name: Borrajo, J.P.
name: Fonrodona, M.
name: Otero, P.
name: Rodríguez, J.A.
name: Andreu, J.
name: Agustsson, O.
name: Schotsaert, J.
name: Carius, R.
name: Bittkau, K.
name: Bunte, E.
name: Hoffmann, A.
name: Schropp, R.E.I.
name: Rath, J.K.
name: Macedo, I.M.
name: Bertomeu, J.
name: Antony, A.
name: Portal, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3220-3223
description: In this paper we present the European project HELATHIS created by the Consortium formed by the a-
Si module manufacturer T-Solar Global S.A (Spain), the European branch of the multi-national TCO glass producer
AGC (Belgium) and the solar energy research groups: Inst. for Energy Research-5 at the Research Center Juelich
(Germany), the Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science at the Utrecht University (The Netherlands) and the Dept.
of Applied Physics and Optics at the University of Barcelona (Spain). The Consortium has identified optical light
confinement as a key point to increase module efficiency and results of the work realized in the five experimental
work packages during the first nine months of the project are presented here. In Work Package (WP) 2 -Glass front
surface-, first results for the preparation of anti-reflection coatings by a sol-gel process are presented achieving a
reflection reduction of about 1.5%. In WP3 -Glass/TCO interface- the evolution of the T-Solar module efficiency
with AGC AN10 TCO glass is shown, demonstrating stabilized module efficiency over 7% for single junction a-Si
modules. In WP4 -Intermediate reflector- various development strategies to improve silicon thin film tandem solar
cell structures are presented. In WP5 -Back reflector- we found more than 5% increase of current density in the TSolar
standard solar cell by exchanging the Al layer by an Ag-layer in the back reflector structure. Finally, in WP6 –
Advanced characterization methods- results of optical properties of industrial and laboratory TCO’s are presented.
New Texture Etching of Zinc Oxide: Tunable Light Trapping for Si Thin Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Hüpkes, J.
name: Owen, J.I.
name: Bunte, E.
name: Zhu, H.
name: Pust, S.E.
name: Worbs, J.
name: Jost, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3224-3227
description: Aluminum doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al) films were prepared by magnetron sputter deposition. To
texturize the surface a wet etching process is typically applied. We present recent results on new surface textures
achieved by a novel etching process. Hydrofluoric acid causes a much higher density of etch features than those
observed in HCl or other acids. Etch parameters like solution temperature and concentration as well as mixtures of
HF and HCl solutions were found to be a useful tool to adjust the crater size and density on the ZnO surface. A novel
two-step etching process can be used to create large craters covered by small etch pits, forming a modulated surface
with two different typical periods. Another way to control the surface structure is to first cover the surface with a
high density of craters, then widen the features and soften the steepness with the well known HCl etching step.
Engineered swift equilibration of a Brownian particle
Creators: name: Martinez, Ignacio
name: Petrosyan, Artyom
name: Guéry-Odelin, David
name: Trizac, Emmanuel
name: Ciliberto, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fundamental and intrinsic property of any device or natural system is its relaxation time relax, which is the time it takes to return to equilibrium after the sudden change of a control parameter [1]. Reducing $tau$ relax , is frequently necessary, and is often obtained by a complex feedback process. To overcome the limitations of such an approach, alternative methods based on driving have been recently demonstrated [2, 3], for isolated quantum and classical systems [4--9]. Their extension to open systems in contact with a thermostat is a stumbling block for applications. Here, we design a protocol,named Engineered Swift Equilibration (ESE), that shortcuts time-consuming relaxations, and we apply it to a Brownian particle trapped in an optical potential whose properties can be controlled in time. We implement the process experimentally, showing that it allows the system to reach equilibrium times faster than the natural equilibration rate. We also estimate the increase of the dissipated energy needed to get such a time reduction. The method paves the way for applications in micro and nano devices, where the reduction of operation time represents as substantial a challenge as miniaturization [10]. The concepts of equilibrium and of transformations from an equilibrium state to another, are cornerstones of thermodynamics. A textbook illustration is provided by the expansion of a gas, starting at equilibrium and expanding to reach a new equilibrium in a larger vessel. This operation can be performed either very slowly by a piston, without dissipating energy into the environment, or alternatively quickly, letting the piston freely move to reach the new volume.
D9.7 Policy Brief
Creators: name: Koller, Jan
name: Grosse Erdmann, Julian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This policy brief addresses obstacles and barriers implementing the circular economy in the manufacturing industry in the EU. It also presents a set of interrelated measures, based on the results of the ReCiPSS project, to create a product policy framework that promotes sustainable products, services, and business models, particularly in the Automotive and White Goods industry. The product policy framework should help governments and industries make a rapid transition from the established linear economy to a circular economy by reducing regulatory ambiguity, economic uncertainty and aligning government and business goals to achieve common objectives. The proposed measures should motivate companies to increase their circular economy activities. The result is to reduce waste within the EU, ensure a well-functioning internal market for high-quality secondary raw materials, and fully contribute to climate neutrality.
Diversificación de Cultivos y Biodiversidad del Suelo
Creators: name: Zornoza, Raúl
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Diversificación de cultivos
rotación de cultivos
agrosilvicultura
suelo
biodiversidad

description: Adopción de nuevas técnicas de gestión para aumentar la producción y la calidad de los cultivos (Diversificación de Cultivos y Biodiversidad del Suelo) This work was funded by the European Commission Horizon 2020 project SoildiverAgro [grant agreement 817819].
Coarrays, MUSIC, and the Cramér Rao Bound
Creators: name: Wang, Mianzhi
name: Nehorai, Arye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sparse linear arrays, such as co-prime arrays and nested arrays, have the attractive capability of providing enhanced degrees of freedom. By exploiting the coarray structure, an augmented sample covariance matrix can be constructed and MUSIC (MUtiple SIgnal Classification) can be applied to identify more sources than the number of sensors. While such a MUSIC algorithm works quite well, its performance has not been theoretically analyzed. In this paper, we derive a simplified asymptotic mean square error (MSE) expression for the MUSIC algorithm applied to the coarray model, which is applicable even if the source number exceeds the sensor number. We show that the directly augmented sample covariance matrix and the spatial smoothed sample covariance matrix yield the same asymptotic MSE for MUSIC. We also show that when there are more sources than the number of sensors, the MSE converges to a positive value instead of zero when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) goes to infinity. This finding explains the "saturation" behavior of the coarray-based MUSIC algorithms in the high SNR region observed in previous studies. Finally, we derive the Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) for sparse linear arrays, and conduct a numerical study of the statistical efficiency of the coarray-based estimator. Experimental results verify theoretical derivations and reveal the complex efficiency pattern of coarray-based MUSIC algorithms.
description: Revised Corollary 2. Added Fig. 6
Climate Impacts on the Efficiency of a p-Si PV Module and Annual Output under Real Working Conditions
Creators: name: Durisch, W.
name: Mayor, J.-C.
name: Lam, K.-H.
name: Dittmann, S.
name: Chianese, D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3573-3576
description: This work covers extensive outdoor testing of a pc-Si module from Photowatt (PW1400-24V). All tests were performed at PSI’s Solar Test Facility. The location of PSI represents a typical site in the Swiss Midland. The module was fixed on a sun tracker and tested under clear sky conditions as well as under a cloudy sky. During testing, the global-normal irradiance varied between 105 and 1084 W/m2, the cell temperature between 18 and 71°C, and the relative air mass between 1.3 and 7.9. About 900 current/voltage characteristics were automatically acquired, leading to the efficiency as a function of irradiance, cell temperature and air mass. The data were used to develop a new efficiency model to calculate the efficiency under all relevant operating conditions. The model contains six parameters. They were determined by applying non-linear fitting techniques. Applying mathematical transformations reported on earlier, the measurements and the efficiency model can be compared and validated in two-dimensional representations. The module shows an acceptable efficiency behavior over the irradiance range. The STC efficiency (referred to the active cell area) was found to be 13.0 %, corresponding to an STC module output power of 147.4 W (according to
manufacturer: 160 W). An efficiency maximum of 13.3 % was found at 628 W/m2. The efficiency linearly decreases with temperature. Its temperature coefficient was found to be –0.0468 percentage points/°C. Regarding the impact of air mass, the efficiency exhibits a maximum value of 13.2 % at an air mass of 5.72. The module shows very good red light sensitivity in the late afternoon. Using measured meteorological data from a sunny site in the South of Jordan, the electricity production for the Photowatt module was calculated. The yearly output of South-oriented, 30°-inclined modules was found to be 303 kWh/(m2 cell area). For sun-tracked modules, the annual output amounts to 416 kWh/(m2 cell area).