cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electric dipole moment constraints on minimal electroweak baryogenesis
Creators: name: Huber, Stephan J.
name: Pospelov, Maxim
name: Ritz, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the simplest generic extension of the Standard Model which allows for conventional electroweak baryogenesis, through the addition of dimension six operators in the Higgs sector. At least one such operator is required to be CP-odd, and we study the constraints on such a minimal setup, and related scenarios with minimal flavor violation, from the null results of searches for electric dipole moments (EDMs), utilizing the full set of two-loop contributions to the EDMs. The results indicate that the current bounds are stringent, particularly that of the recently updated neutron EDM, but fall short of ruling out these scenarios. The next generation of EDM experiments should be sufficiently sensitive to provide a conclusive test.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures; v2: comments added and minor corrections to the results, published version
Deep Sequencing of RNA from Three Different Extracellular Vesicle (EV) Subtypes Released from the Human LIM1863 Colon Cancer Cell Line Uncovers Distinct Mirna-Enrichment Signatures
Creators: name: Ji, Hong
name: Chen, Maoshan
name: Greening, David
name: He, W
name: Rai, Alin
name: Zhang, W
name: Simpson, Richard
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 3404
subject: Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry

description: Secreted microRNAs (miRNAs) enclosed within extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a pivotal role in intercellular communication by regulating recipient cell gene expression and affecting target cell function. Here, we report the isolation of three distinct EV subtypes from the human colon carcinoma cell line LIM1863 - shed microvesicles (sMVs) and two exosome populations (immunoaffinity isolated A33-exosomes and EpCAM-exosomes). Deep sequencing of miRNA libraries prepared from parental LIM1863 cells/derived EV subtype RNA yielded 254 miRNA identifications, of which 63 are selectively enriched in the EVs - miR-19a/b-3p, miR-378a/c/d, and miR-577 and members of the let-7 and miR-8 families being the most prominent. Let-7a-3p∗, let-7f-1-3p∗, miR-451a, miR-574-5p∗, miR-4454 and miR-7641 are common to all EV subtypes, and 6 miRNAs (miR-320a/b/c/d, miR-221-3p, and miR-200c-3p) discern LIM1863 exosomes from sMVs; miR-98-5p was selectively represented only in sMVs. Notably, A33-Exos contained the largest number (32) of exclusively-enriched miRNAs; 14 of these miRNAs have not been reported in the context of CRC tissue/biofluid analyses and warrant further examination as potential diagnostic markers of CRC. Surprisingly, miRNA passenger strands (star miRNAs) for miR-3613-3p∗, -362-3p∗, -625-3p∗, -6842-3p∗ were the dominant strand in A33-Exos, the converse to that observed in parental cells. This finding suggests miRNA biogenesis may be interlinked with endosomal/exosomal processing.
Existence of two-solitary waves with logarithmic distance for the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation
Creators: name: Aryan, Shrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: $\newcommand\normt[1]{\left\lVert#1\right\rVert_{L^2}} \newcommand\normo[1]{\left\lVert#1\right\rVert_{H^1}} \newcommand\normpro[1]{\left\lVert#1\right\rVert_{E}}$ We consider the focusing nonlinear Klein-Gordon (NLKG) equation \begin{equation*} \partial_{tt}u - Δu + u - |u|^{p-1}u = 0,\quad (t,x)\in \mathbb{R}\times \mathbb{R}^d \end{equation*} for $1\leq d\leq 5$ and $p>2$ subcritical for the $\dot H^1$ norm. In this paper we show the existence of a solution $u(t)$ of the equation such that \begin{equation*} \normo{u(t) - \sum_{k=1,2}Q_k(t)} + \normt{\partial_t u(t)} \to 0\quad \mbox{as $t\to +\infty$,} \end{equation*} where $Q_k(t,x)$ are two solitary waves of the equation with translations $z_k:\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}^d$ satisfying \begin{equation*} |z_1(t) - z_2(t)| \sim 2\log(t)\quad \text{as } t\to +\infty. \end{equation*}
description: 19 pages, minor update
Deep Sequencing of RNA from Three Different Extracellular Vesicle (EV) Subtypes Released from the Human LIM1863 Colon Cancer Cell Line Uncovers Distinct Mirna-Enrichment Signatures
Creators: name: Ji, H
name: Chen, Maoshan
name: Greening, David
name: He, W
name: Rai, Alin
name: Zhang, W
name: Simpson, Richard
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 3404
subject: Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry

description: © 2014 Ji et al. Secreted microRNAs (miRNAs) enclosed within extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a pivotal role in intercellular communication by regulating recipient cell gene expression and affecting target cell function. Here, we report the isolation of three distinct EV subtypes from the human colon carcinoma cell line LIM1863 - shed microvesicles (sMVs) and two exosome populations (immunoaffinity isolated A33-exosomes and EpCAM-exosomes). Deep sequencing of miRNA libraries prepared from parental LIM1863 cells/derived EV subtype RNA yielded 254 miRNA identifications, of which 63 are selectively enriched in the EVs - miR-19a/b-3p, miR-378a/c/d, and miR-577 and members of the let-7 and miR-8 families being the most prominent. Let-7a-3p∗, let-7f-1-3p∗, miR-451a, miR-574-5p∗, miR-4454 and miR-7641 are common to all EV subtypes, and 6 miRNAs (miR-320a/b/c/d, miR-221-3p, and miR-200c-3p) discern LIM1863 exosomes from sMVs; miR-98-5p was selectively represented only in sMVs. Notably, A33-Exos contained the largest number (32) of exclusively-enriched miRNAs; 14 of these miRNAs have not been reported in the context of CRC tissue/biofluid analyses and warrant further examination as potential diagnostic markers of CRC. Surprisingly, miRNA passenger strands (star miRNAs) for miR-3613-3p∗, -362-3p∗, -625-3p∗, -6842-3p∗ were the dominant strand in A33-Exos, the converse to that observed in parental cells. This finding suggests miRNA biogenesis may be interlinked with endosomal/exosomal processing.
title: Amalgamation, free-ride behavior, and regulation
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Nakazawa, Katsuyoshi
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft

description: Amalgamation incentivizes municipalities to increase public debt because it allows them to subrogate their repayment and interest burden on the entire municipality after amalgamation. Especially, the smaller municipality tend s to accumula te public debt in order to free ride Previous literature has shown this kind of opportunistic behavior in countries where municipalities can issue bonds freely in the market. However, public borrowing by municipalities is strongly controlled in Japan. T his study examines t he relationship between regulation of local go vernment borrowing and the free ride behavior of Japanese municipalities on amalgamation. Difference in difference regression confirms the free ride effect, which is however wholly counterbalanced by regulation
Synthesis of SQL Queries from South African Local Language Narrations
Creators: name: Obaido, George
name: Ade-Ibijola, Abejide
name: Vadapalli, Hima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: English remains the language of choice for database courses and widely used for instruction in nearly all South African universities, and also in many countries. Novice programmers of native origins are mostly taught Structured Query Language (SQL) through English as the medium of instruction. Consequently, this creates a myriad of problems in understanding the syntax of SQL as most native learners are not too proficient in English. This could affect a learner's ability in comprehending SQL syntaxes. To resolve this problem, this work proposes a tool called local language narrations (Local-Nar-SQL) to SQL that uses a type of Finite Machine, such as a Jumping Finite Automaton to translate local language narratives into SQL queries. Further, the generated query extracts information from a sample database and presents output to the learner. This paper is an extension of work originally presented in a previous study in this field. A survey involving 145 participants concluded that the majority found Local-Nar-SQL to be helpful in understanding SQL queries from local languages. If the proposed tool is used as a learning aid, native learners will find it easier to work with SQL, which will eliminate many of the barriers faced with English proficiencies in programming pedagogies.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, Advances in Science, Technology and Engineering Systems Journal
title: Municipality amalgamation and free-ride behavior: Eligibility assessments for long-term care insurance in Japan
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Nakazawa, Katsuyoshi
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft

description: Amalgamation offers municipalities an incentive to free ride when they can subrogate the load to a new municipality after amalgamation. Previous literature has clarified opportunistic behavior in local public bond issues. However, if the municipality does not have a leeway in policy decision m aking, it cannot adopt free ride behavior. Although the Japanese long term care insurance system has been so designed that the municipality does not have discretion in its working, doubts have been raised on this score. This study empirically considers thi s issue by examining municipality behavior before amalgamation. Difference in difference regression confirms a free ride effect in the eligibility assessments for long term care by the Japanese municipality . These results mean that the Japanese long term c are insurance system is not managed in accordance with the institutional design.
Moral standing in environmental ethics
Creators: name: Sullivan, Charles
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis in environmental ethics examines the question of what kinds of beings or entities can have moral standing in their own right. A being or entity with moral standing is one for which it is possible to give direct moral consideration, and toward which we can have moral obligations. Are direct moral considerations and obligations applicable only to humans, or human persons, i.e., moral agents? Can the scope of consideration and obligation be meaningfully extended to include all sentient animals, or all living things, or even further to species and such natural objects as mountains and rivers? These are the questions with which this thesis is concerned. I first consider humanism, which holds that the boundaries of moral standing cannot extend beyond humans or human persons. I argue that humanism fails because it is not consistent with our deeply held moral conviction that the reason why it is not morally permissible to torture humans typically has nothing to do with being a member of the human species, or with being a moral agent. Rather, the reasons for not torturing humans are that the infliction of unnecessary pain is bad for humans, and we would rather be free from such suffering. Since these reasons are applicable to all sentient animals, humanism is rejected as an inconsistent and mistaken theory of moral standing. The next view I consider, is sentientism, which holds that the boundaries of moral standing can be extended to include those with the ability to have conscious experiences, i.e., pain, pleasure, satisfaction, frustration. I argue that sentientism is by far the most consistent with our generally accepted ethical foundations. I then move on to vitalism, which holds that the boundaries of moral standing can be extended to include all living things. Vitalists argue that because conditions can be better or worse for plants they therefore have a good of their own, which is considered sufficient for moral standing. I reject vitalism by arguing that the good of plants is an empirical matter and not a normative one. I further maintain that because plants are incapable of having experiences that matter to them it is unclear how they can be morally wronged. Finally I consider attempts to extend the moral boundary to include such things as species, ecological systems, and natural objects such as mountains and rivers. These positions I reject also, except insofar as the moral standing of such things can be reduced to the interests of individual sentient beings.
Merging Subject-Specific Searches of CLARIN and DARIAH in CLARIAH-DE: Challenges of Technical Integration
Creators: name: Buddenbohm, Stefan
name: Eckart, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: CLARIAH-DE
DARIAH
CLARIN
Research Infrastructure
Merger
Integration
Cross Service Search
SSHOC

description: CLARIAH-DE as merger of the national research infrastructures CLARIN-D and DARIAH-DE faces integration challenges on various levels: cultural, technological, structural. This presentation examines the technological level by highlighting examples with a technological or infrastructural background. We distinguish three levels of integration when looking at CLARIAH-DE: The basic infrastructure components, such as AAI, helpdesk or monitoring. The application integration, where tools, having a background in one of both projects, are connected with relevant applications of the other. And finally the data integration, where we look at the subject-specific searches in detail. The level of infrastructure components often predetermines the outcomes, e.g. AAI, helpdesk have worked out really well, application integration is case-dependent, data integration is difficult. We detail the last category by taking a closer look at merging the subject-specific searches in CLARIN-D and DARIAH-DE, explain taken choices made, taking the legacies of both CLARIN-D and DARIAH-DE into account and try to relate to the European arena (ERICs, EOSC, SSHOC) as well. For all categories, one has to differentiate between maintainer- or provider-related outcomes and user- or research-related outcomes. What should be the priority of any research infrastructure: to consider the potential trade offs between user/researcher related goals and provider goals. We stress, that in case of doubt, the researchers' objectives have to stand in the focus. The self-concept of CLARIAH-DE is important in this regard: a data centre comes with other resources, knowledge, motives as a research institution; a research infrastructure - like CLARIAH-DE - is something in between. We discuss whether this is an advantage or disadvantage or both. CLARIAH-DE is funded by the Federal German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) from 2019-2021 under the grant agreement numbers 01UG1610 A to I. This talk was presented at a joint DANS/CLARIAH-NL meeting on March 23rd 2021.
description: Funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. Funding Reference Number 01UG1910 A to I.
The prolonged gamma ray enhancement and the short radiation burst events observed in thunderstorms at Tien Shan
Creators: name: Shepetov, A.
name: Antonova, V.
name: Kalikulov, O.
name: Kryakunova, O.
name: Karashtin, A.
name: Lutsenko, V.
name: Mamina, S.
name: Mukashev, K.
name: Piscal, V.
name: Ptitsyn, M.
name: Ryabov, V.
name: Sadykov, T.
name: Saduev, N.
name: Salikhov, N.
name: Shlyugaev, Yu.
name: Vildanova, L.
name: Zhukov, V.
name: Gurevich, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation results of the hard radiation flashes which accompanied the lightning discharges above the mountains of Northern Tien Shan. Time series of the counting rate intensity, numerical estimations of absolute flux, and energy distribution of accelerated electrons and of (20-2000)keV gamma rays were obtained at the height of 3700m a.s.l., immediately within thunderclouds, and in closest vicinity ($
Finite density QCD with a canonical approach
Creators: name: de Forcrand, Philippe
name: Kratochvila, Slavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a canonical method where the properties of QCD are directly obtained as a function of the baryon density rho, rather than the chemical potential mu. We apply this method to the determination of the phase diagram of four-flavor QCD. For a pion mass m_pi \sim 350 MeV, the first-order transition between the hadronic and the plasma phase gives rise to a co-existence region in the T-rho plane, which we study in detail, including the associated interface tension. We obtain accurate results for systems containing up to 30 baryons and quark chemical potentials mu up to 2 T. Our T-mu phase diagram agrees with the literature when mu/T \lesssim 1. At larger chemical potential, we observe a ``bending down'' of the phase boundary. We compare the free energy in the confined and deconfined phase with predictions from a hadron resonance gas and from a free massless quark gas respectively.
description: 6 pages, 9 figures, proceedings of "Workshop on Computational Hadron Physics", Cyprus, Sept. 2005
Embedding A4 into SU(3)xU(1) flavor symmetry: Large neutrino mixing and fermion mass hierarchy in SO(10) GUT
Creators: name: Bazzocchi, F.
name: Morisi, S.
name: Picariello, M.
name: Torrente-Lujan, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a common explanation of the fermion mass hierarchy and the large lepton mixing angles in the context of a grand unified flavor and gauge theory (GUTF). Our starting point is a SU(3)xU(1) flavor symmetry and a SO(10) GUT, a basic ingredient of our theory which plays a major role is that two different breaking pattern of the flavor symmetry are at work. On one side, the dynamical breaking of SU(3)xU(1) flavor symmetry into U(2)xZ_3 explains why one family is much heavier than the others. On the other side, an explicit symmetry breaking of SU(3) into a discrete flavor symmetry leads to the observed tribimaximal mixing for the leptons. We write an explicit model where this discrete symmetry group is A4. Naturalness of the charged fermion mass hierarchy appears as a consequence of the continuous SU(3) flavor symmetry. Moreover, the same discrete A4-GUT invariant operators are the root of the large lepton mixing, small Cabibbo angle, and neutrino masses.
description: 11 pages, uses package "axodraw", "graphicx"
Numerical evolutions of a black hole-neutron star system in full General Relativity: I. Head-on collision
Creators: name: Löffler, Frank
name: Rezzolla, Luciano
name: Ansorg, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first simulations in full General Relativity of the head-on collision between a neutron star and a black hole of comparable mass. These simulations are performed through the solution of the Einstein equations combined with an accurate solution of the relativistic hydrodynamics equations via high-resolution shock-capturing techniques. The initial data is obtained by following the York-Lichnerowicz conformal decomposition with the assumption of time symmetry. Unlike other relativistic studies of such systems, no limitation is set for the mass ratio between the black hole and the neutron star, nor on the position of the black hole, whose apparent horizon is entirely contained within the computational domain. The latter extends over ~400M and is covered with six levels of fixed mesh refinement. Concentrating on a prototypical binary system with mass ratio ~6, we find that although a tidal deformation is evident the neutron star is accreted promptly and entirely into the black hole. While the collision is completed before ~300M, the evolution is carried over up to ~1700M, thus providing time for the extraction of the gravitational-wave signal produced and allowing for a first estimate of the radiative efficiency of processes of this type.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures
Neutrino Telescopes
Creators: name: Anton, Gisela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper addresses the working principle of neutrino telescopes, important detector parameters as well as the layout and performance of current and future neutrino telescopes. It was prepared for the book "Probing Particle Physics with Neutrino Telescopes", C.~P{é}rez de los Heros, editor, 2020 (World Scientific) in 2018.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures
An optimum time-stepping scheme for N-body simulations
Creators: name: Zemp, Marcel
name: Stadel, Joachim
name: Moore, Ben
name: Carollo, C. Marcella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new time-stepping criterion for N-body simulations that is based on the true dynamical time of a particle. This allows us to follow the orbits of particles correctly in all environments since it has better adaptivity than previous time-stepping criteria used in N-body simulations. Furthermore, it requires far fewer force evaluations in low density regions of the simulation and has no dependence on artificial parameters such as, for example, the softening length. This can be orders of magnitude faster than conventional ad-hoc methods that employ combinations of acceleration and softening and is ideally suited for hard problems, such as obtaining the correct dynamics in the very central regions of dark matter haloes. We also derive an eccentricity correction for a general leapfrog integration scheme that can follow gravitational scattering events for orbits with eccentricity e -> 1 with high precision. These new approaches allow us to study a range of problems in collisionless and collisional dynamics from few body problems to cosmological structure formation. We present tests of the time-stepping scheme in N-body simulations of 2-body orbits with eccentricity e -> 1 (elliptic and hyperbolic), equilibrium haloes and a hierarchical cosmological structure formation run.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, replaced with version that matches published version
title: How Monetary Policy is Made: Two Canadian Tales
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Siklos, Pierre L.
name: Neuenkirch, Matthias
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: central bank communication
Economics
Wirtschaft
monetary policy committees
committee behaviour
Bank of Canada
Taylor rules.
shadow councils

description: This paper examines the policy rate recommendations of the Bank of Canada’s Governing Council (GC) and the C.D. Howe Institute’s Monetary Policy Council (MPC) since 2003. We find, first, that differences in the median recommendations between the MPC and the GC are persistent but small (i.e., 25 bps). The median MPC recommendation is based on a higher steady state real interest rate. However, the response of the MPC and the GC to output and inflation shocks are, for the most part, comparable. Second, we are also able to examine the individual recommendations for the MPC. Estimates of the determinants of consensus inside the MPC or disagreement with the GC yield some useful insights. For example, disagreements are more likely when rates are proposed to rise than at other times. Equally interesting is the finding that the Bank of Canada conditional commitment on the overnight rate in 2009‐10 has a relatively larger restricting impact on the MPC’s median recommendation than the GC’s target rate.
Rise and Fall of Landau's Quasiparticles While Approaching the Mott Transition
Creators: name: Pustogow, Andrej
name: Saito, Yohei
name: Löhle, Anja
name: Alonso, Miriam Sanz
name: Kawamoto, Atsushi
name: Dobrosavljević, Vladimir
name: Dressel, Martin
name: Fratini, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Landau suggested that the low-temperature properties of metals can be understood in terms of long-lived quasiparticles with all complex interactions included in Fermi-liquid parameters, such as the effective mass $m^{\star}$. Despite its wide applicability, electronic transport in bad or strange metals and unconventional superconductors is controversially discussed towards a possible collapse of the quasiparticle concept. Here we explore the electrodynamic response of correlated metals at half filling for varying correlation strength upon approaching a Mott insulator. We reveal persistent Fermi-liquid behavior with pronounced quadratic dependences of the optical scattering rate on temperature and frequency, along with a puzzling elastic contribution to relaxation. The strong increase of the resistivity beyond the Ioffe-Regel-Mott limit is accompanied by a `displaced Drude peak' in the optical conductivity. Our results, supported by a theoretical model for the optical response, demonstrate the emergence of a bad metal from resilient quasiparticles that are subject to dynamical localization and dissolve near the Mott transition.
description: Main part: 8 pages, 4 figures; Supplement: 8 pages, 11 figures
Tuumanp 'axwé with explanation
Creators: name: Allen, Howard
name: Halpern, Abraham M.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: yum

description: 2 WAV files. For associated notebook, see Margaret Langdon Papers (Bancroft Library), carton 9, folder 43. Digitization by the Berkeley Language Center.
title: Studying Spillovers in a New Keynesian Continuous Time Framework with Financial Markets
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Hayo, Bernd
name: Niehof, Britta
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: Taylor Rule
Phillips Curve
Stochastic Differential Equations
Economics
Wirtschaft
New Keynesian Model

description: The recent financial and real economic crises have made it clear that macroeconomists need to better account for the influence of financial markets. This paper explores the consequences of treating the interaction between different financial markets, monetary policy, and the real economy seriously by developing a fully dynamic theoretical model in continuous time. Starting from a standard New Keynesian framework, we reformulate and extend the model by meansof stochastic differential equations so as to analyse spillover effects and steady-state properties. We solve the nonlinear model using stochastic differential equations rather than third-order perturbation. Applying Bayesian estimation methods, we estimate the model for the US economy and analyse the financial markets influence on business cycles and monetary policy.
Master integrals for bipartite cuts of three-loop photon self energy
Creators: name: Lee, R. N.
name: Onishchenko, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate master integrals for bipartite cuts of the three-loop propagator QED diagrams. These master integrals determine the spectral density of the photon self energy. Our results are expressed in terms of the iterated integrals, which, apart from the $4m$ cut, reduce to Goncharov's polylogarithms. The master integrals for $4m$ cut have been calculated in our previous paper in terms of the one-fold integrals of harmonic polylogarithms and complete elliptic integrals. We provide the threshold and high-energy asymptotics of the master integrals found, including those for $4m$ cut.
description: 17 pages
On a limitation of Zeeman polarimetry and imperfect instrumentation in representing solar magnetic fields with weaker polarization signal
Creators: name: Pevtsov, Alexei A.
name: Liu, Yang
name: Virtanen, Ilpo
name: Bertello, Luca
name: Mursula, Kalevi
name: Leka, K. D.
name: Hughes, Anna L. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Full disk vector magnetic fields are used widely for developing better understanding of large-scale structure, morphology, and patterns of the solar magnetic field. The data are also important for modeling various solar phenomena. However, observations of vector magnetic fields have one important limitation that may affect the determination of the true magnetic field orientation. This limitation stems from our ability to interpret the differing character of the Zeeman polarization signals which arise from the photospheric line-of-sight vs. the transverse components of the solar vector magnetic field, and is likely exacerbated by unresolved structure (non-unity fill fraction) as well as the disambiguation of the 180$^\circ$ degeneracy in the transverse-field azimuth. Here we provide a description of this phenomenon, and discuss issues, which require additional investigation.
description: 13 pages, 5 figure, Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, accepted, 2021
'ax'áa alyésh, portion of xwetsaxwéts, and other stories
Creators: name: Carr, Rosita
name: Halpern, Abraham M.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: yum

description: 4 WAV files. Story titles listed here are described for Side A of the first tape only. Digitization by The Audio Archive (Burlingame, California).
KI und Facharbeiten – Ein Leitfaden für den Unterricht
Creators: name: Flick, Manuel
name: Sölken, Philipp
name: Winkelmann, Niels
Publisher: name: VK:KIWA
Year: 2025
Subjects: Künstliche Intelligenz
Wissenschaftliches Arbeiten
Facharbeiten
Prüfungsformate
Zukunftskompetenzen
Dokumentation

description: Generative KI-Tools wie ChatGPT verändern gegenwärtig das wissenschaftliche Arbeiten und Schreiben grundlegend. In schulischen Facharbeiten führt dies zu neuen Fragen und Herausforderungen hinsichtlich der Eigenleistung, der Bewertungskriterien und der Transparenz beim Einsatz von KI. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird ein Leitfaden vorgestellt, der für die Praxis in Schule und Unterricht konzipiert ist und den gesamten Erstellungsprozess einer Facharbeit berücksichtigt. Mithilfe exemplarischer Empfehlungen, die von der Themenfindung über Literaturrecherche und Textproduktion bis hin zur schriftlichen Reflexion reichen, soll der verantwortungsvolle und reflektierte Einsatz von KI im Rahmen von Facharbeiten ermöglicht werden. Der zentrale Ansatz besteht darin, statt einer akribischen Dokumentation des KI-Einsatzes eine ausführliche Reflexion in den Mittelpunkt zu stellen, um kritisches Denken zu fördern und wissenschaftliches Arbeiten mit KI zu stärken.
Thermo-Rotational Instability in Plasma Disks Around Compact Objects
Creators: name: Coppi, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Differentially rotating plasma disks, around compact objects, that are imbedded in a ``seed'' magnetic field are shown to develop vertically localized ballooning modes that are driven by the combined radial gradient of the rotation frequency and vertical gradients of the plasma density and temperature. When the electron mean free path is shorter than the disk height and the relevant thermal conductivity can be neglected, the vertical particle flows produced by of these modes have the effect to drive the density and temperature profiles toward the ``adiabatic condition'' where $η_{T}\equiv(dlnT/dz)/(dlnn/dz)=2/3$. Here $T$ is the plasma temperature and $n$ the particle density. The faster growth rates correspond to steeper temperature profiles $(η_{T}>2/3)$ such as those produced by an internal (e.g., viscous) heating process. In the end, ballooning modes excited for various values of $η_{T}$ can lead to the evolution of the disk into a different current carrying configuration such as a sequence of plasma rings.
An integrated assessment approach to linking biophysical modelling and economic valuation
Creators: name: Kragt, Marit Ellen
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Bayesian networks
Bio-economic modelling
Catchment management
Choice experiments
Cost-benefit analysis
Hydrological modelling
Integrated assessment
Integrated modelling
Non-market valuation

description: Changes to land use and land management in Australian catchments have led to pressures on natural resources, and concerns over water quality and ecosystem health in catchment rivers and estuaries. To increase the efficiency of natural resource management (NRM) policies that address these concerns, decision makers require information about the environmental impacts, as well as the marginal costs and benefits associated with policy decisions. Including cost-benefits estimates in NRM policy assessment provides decision makers with economic information about the trade-offs between alternative NRM actions. There are, however, few studies that have assessed the complex environmental and economic trade-offs associated with changes in catchment NRM actions in a single modelling framework. This study uses an integrated assessment (IA) approach to develop a decision support model that incorporates environmental and economic dimensions of catchment NRM, for a case-study of the George catchment in Tasmania. Various (academic and non-academic) stakeholders were consulted during the model development process, to gain an understanding of the wide variety of values that may be impacted by NRM changes. Knowledge from different sources was integrated in a single framework using Bayesian network modelling techniques. The framework incorporates three major sub-models: 1. A physically based water quality model to predict the changes in sediment and nutrient loadings in the George rivers and estuary; 2. Expert opinion and Bayesian network modelling to predict the impacts of catchment NRM changes on three ecosystem attributes: riparian vegetation, rare species and estuary seagrass area; and 3. A choice experiment (CE) survey to estimate the non-market values associated with changes in George catchment ecosystem attributes. The CE study was not only aimed at assessing catchment non-market values, but also addressed methodological challenges associated with attribute level framing and cost anchoring in CE. Rather than coupling existing information and models, synchronous data collection and model development were used to ensure tailored information exchange between the different components. The IA approach to model development highlighted several challenges in synchronizing economic and scientific research. Frequent communication was required between the stakeholders involved in the project to construct a common framework for analysis. The selection of attributes that were relevant for scientists, policy makers, and CE survey respondents was a lengthy process. Agreeing on the level of modelling detail, and predicting attribute levels based on sound scientific information, also posed considerable challenges during the model development process.
title: Liberal Coercion? - Prostitution, Human Trafficking and Policy
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Cho, Seo-Young
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: human trafficking
anti-trafficking policy
victim protection
Economics
Wirtschaft
prostitution

description: Liberal prostitution policy aims at improving labour conditions for prostitutes and protecting victims of forced prostitution. Its policy orientation predicts that the policy choice of liberalizing prostitution is positively associated with better protection policy for trafficking victims and enhanced anti-trafficking measures. In this paper, I investigate empirically whether the legalization of prostitution improves protection policy for victims, as it is presumed. The results of my analysis – using data from 149 countries for the period of 2001-2011 – suggest that the liberalisation of prostitution does not lead to better protection and, in some cases, legalized prostitution can be detrimental to protecting victims of human trafficking.
Discovery of a Candidate Central Compact Object in the Galactic Nonthermal SNR G330.2+1.0
Creators: name: Park, Sangwook
name: Mori, Koji
name: Kargaltsev, Oleg
name: Slane, Patrick O.
name: Hughes, John P.
name: Burrows, David N.
name: Garmire, Gordon P.
name: Pavlov, George G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the discovery of a pointlike source (CXOU J160103.1$-$513353) at the center of a Galactic supernova remnant (SNR) G330.2+1.0 with {\it Chandra X-Ray Observatory}. The X-ray spectrum fits a black-body (BB) model with $kT$ $\sim$ 0.49 keV, implying a small emission region of $R$ $\sim$ 0.4 km at the distance of 5 kpc. The estimated X-ray luminosity is $L_X$ $\sim$ 1 $\times$ 10$^{33}$ ergs s$^{-1}$ in the 1 $-$ 10 keV band. A power law model may also fit the observed spectrum, but the fit results in a very large photon index, $Γ$ $\sim$ 5. We find no counterparts at other wavelengths. The X-ray emission was steady over the $\sim$13 hr observation period, showing no variability. While we find marginal evidence for X-ray pulsations ($P$ $\approx$ 7.5 s), the presence of a pulsar at the position of this object is not conclusive with the current data, requiring an independent confirmation. These results are generally consistent with an interpretation of this object as a Central Compact Object associated with SNR G330.2+1.0.
description: 9 pages (AASTex preprint style) including 1 Table and 4 Figures. Accepted by ApJ Letters
The New Proposed U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation on Breast Cancer Screening for Women in Their 40s: Should the Message Change?
Creators: name: Harris, Russell P
Publisher: name: American College of Physicians
Year: 2024

description: In May 2023, the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force
(USPSTF) posted a new draft recommendation for
breast cancer screening, recommending mammography
screening for women aged 40 to 74 years (B recommendation)
(1). This is the latest in a series of USPSTF recommendations
on this topic, dating back to 1989. Although
the recommendation for screening women aged 50 to
74 years has remained relatively constant over these
years, the recommendation for women aged 40 to
49 years has been confusing to many. This latest recommendation
may contribute to that confusion. Because I
participated as both an evidence reviewer (for 20 years)
and a member (for 5 years) of the USPSTF, I write to place
the new recommendation in context by briefly reviewing
the evolution of evidence and recommendations.
Testing spacetime symmetry through gravitational waves from extreme-mass-ratio inspirals
Creators: name: Destounis, Kyriakos
name: Suvorov, Arthur G.
name: Kokkotas, Kostas D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the primary aims of upcoming space-borne gravitational wave detectors is to measure radiation in the mHz range from extreme-mass-ratio inspirals. Such a detection would place strong constraints on hypothetical departures from a Kerr description for astrophysically stable black holes. The Kerr geometry, which is unique in general relativity, admits a higher-order symmetry in the form of a Carter constant, which implies that the equations of motion describing test particle motion in a Kerr background are Liouville-integrable. In this article, we investigate whether the Carter symmetry itself is discernible from a generic deformation of the Kerr metric in the gravitational waveforms for such inspirals. We build on previous studies by constructing a new metric which respects current observational constraints, describes a black hole, and contains two non-Kerr parameters, one of which controls the presence or absence of the Carter symmetry, thereby controlling the existence of chaotic orbits, and another which serves as a generic deformation parameter. We find that these two parameters introduce fundamentally distinct features into the orbital dynamics, and evince themselves in the gravitational waveforms through a significant dephasing. Although only explored in the quadrupole approximation, this, together with a Fisher metric analysis, suggests that gravitational wave data analysis may be able to test, in addition to the governing theory of gravity, the underlying symmetries of spacetime.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, matches published version
Characterization of an essential arginine transporter in the apicomplexan parasite toxoplasma gondii
Creators: name: Rajendran, Esther
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2015

description: Parasites by their very nature must efficiently scavenge nutrients from the host that they infect. Transporters are proteins that facilitate the uptake of nutrients across biological membranes. Apicomplexans are a phylum of intracellular parasites that include Plasmodium spp, the causative agents of malaria, and Toxoplasma gondii, the causative agent of toxoplasmosis. Despite the critical role that transporters must play in the biology of these parasites, only a small number have been characterized thus far. A genome-wide search for transporter proteins in 2005 by Martin and colleagues revealed a large number of putative transporters in Plasmodium falciparum. One group termed the 'novel putative transporters' (NPTs) is a family of proteins unique to apicomplexans. NPTs have structural characteristics of membrane transport proteins but no predicted function. The T. gondii genome encodes 16 NPT proteins, one of which (TgNPT1) is the focus of this study. Genetic 'knockdown' of TgNPT1 resulted in impaired growth of T. gondii parasites in a conventional growth medium, consistent with a critical role of TgNPT1 in parasite survival. However the TgNPT1-knockdown parasite grew normally in a medium containing increased arginine and decreased lysine levels. The data were consistent with TgNPT1 being an arginine transporter and playing a role in the uptake of this amino acid into the parasite. This hypothesis was tested using two different approaches. First, TgNPT1 was expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes and the uptake of arginine measured using both a radiolabelled form of the amino acid and electrophysiological techniques. Second, radiolabeled arginine uptake assays were performed in parasites lacking TgNPT1. These parasites showed reduced arginine uptake relative to parental controls. The data from these different systems were consistent with TgNPT1 being an arginine transporter. TgNPT1 is the first amino acid transporter to be described at the molecular level in apicomplexan parasites. Although TgNPT1 is critical for parasite growth in standard culture media, the data indicate the presence of an additional arginine transporter(s) in T. gondii. This second arginine transporter also transports lysine, and displays a lower affinity for arginine than TgNPT1. The virulence of T. gondii parasites lacking TgNPT1 was tested in the mouse model of T. gondii infection. When challenged with the wild type T. gondii parasites, all mice showed clinical signs of infection and succumbed to the infection. By contrast, mice challenged with the same dose of T. gondii parasites lacking TgNPT1 showed 100% survival. These data indicate that TgNPT1 is essential in vivo, and are consistent with TgNPT1 being the only physiologically relevant arginine transporter in T. gondii. The findings of this study highlight the importance of arginine uptake for T. gondii growth and identify the first amino acid transporter in apicomplexan parasites.
title: Cartel Formation With Endogenous Capacity and Demand Uncertainty
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Paha, Johannes
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: capacity investments
Asymmetric firms
Economics
Wirtschaft
demand shocks, excess capacity
cartel formation

description: This article analyzes the strategic decisions of firms whether to establish and adhere to a cartel when they can also shape competition by investing into production capacity while being subject to unexpected demand shocks with persistence. The model shows that a negative demand shock can facilitate cartel formation despite lowering collusive profits. This is because lower demand reduces capacity utilization and makes competition more intense especially when capacities are durable and when demand falls much within a short time. The model also shows that firms with a low discount rate strive for a dominant position in the market which results in asymmetric capacity distributions. These obstruct collusive strategies. This is interesting because a low discount rate is usually considered a facilitating factor for collusion.
Reply to ``Comment on `Test of constancy of speed of light with rotating cryogenic optical resonators' ''
Creators: name: Antonini, P.
name: Okhapkin, M.
name: Goeklue, E.
name: Schiller, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An improved analysis of the Michelson-Morley-type experiment by P. Antonini et al. (Phys. Rev. A. 71, 050101 (2005)) yields the Robertson-Mansouri-Sexl theory parameter combination $β-δ-1/2=(-0.6\pm 2.1\pm 1.2)\cdot10^{-10}$ and the Standard Model Extension theory parameter $(\tildeκ_{e-})^{ZZ} = (-2.9\pm 2.2)\cdot 10^{-14}$.
description: 2 pages
Improving Equity in Deep Learning Medical Applications with the Gerchberg-Saxton Algorithm
Creators: name: Ay, Seha
name: Topaloglu, Umit
name: Meyer, Anne-Marie
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Cardei, Michael
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description: Deep learning (DL) has gained prominence in healthcare for its ability to facilitate early diagnosis, treatment identification with associated prognosis, and varying patient outcome predictions. However, because of highly variable medical practices and unsystematic data collection approaches, DL can unfortunately exacerbate biases and distort estimates. For example, the presence of sampling bias poses a significant challenge to the efficacy and generalizability of any statistical model. Even with DL approaches, selection bias can lead to inconsistent, suboptimal, or inaccurate model results, especially for underrepresented populations. Therefore, without addressing bias, wider implementation of DL approaches can potentially cause unintended harm. In this paper, we studied a novel method for bias reduction that leverages the frequency domain transformation via the Gerchberg-Saxton and corresponding impact on the outcome from a racio-ethnic bias perspective.