cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Índice de Desempenho do Uso de Serviços Ecossistêmicos do Mar (IDUSE-Mar) uma proposta de integração de base ecossistêmica para o Planejamento Espacial Marinho no Brasil
Creators: name: Silva, Tatiana
name: Gandra, Tiago
name: Possantti, Iporã
name: Asmus, Milton
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Pôster sobre "Índice de Desempenho do Uso de Serviços Ecossistêmicos do Mar (IDUSE-Mar) uma proposta de integração de base ecossistêmica para o Planejamento Espacial Marinho no Brasil" apresentado no 20º Congresso Latino-americano de Ciências do Mar (COLACMar), Itajaí, Santa Catarina.

Citação:

Silva, T., Gandra, T., Possantti, I., & Asmus, M. (2024). Índice de Desempenho do Uso de Serviços Ecossistêmicos do Mar (IDUSE-Mar) uma proposta de integração de base ecossistêmica para o Planejamento Espacial Marinho no Brasil (v.0.0). 20º Congresso Latino-americano de Ciências do Mar (COLACMAR), Itajaí. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13531351
The method of generating functions in exact scalar field cosmology
Creators: name: Chervon, Sergey V.
name: Fomin, Igor V.
name: Beesham, Aroonkumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact solutions construction in scalar fields cosmology is of growing interest. In this work we review the results which obtained with the help of one of the most effective method. Namely, the method of generating functions for exact solutions construction in the scalar field cosmology. We also included into debate the superpotential method which may be considered as the bridge to slow roll approximation equations. Basing on the review, we suggested classification for the generating functions and found connection for all of them with the superpotential.
description: 15 parges
Incorporating Quantum-Inspired Concepts into Word Embeddings
Creators: name: Aragon, Richard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This paper presents a novel approach to enhancing word embeddings by integrating quantum-inspired concepts such as superposition, entanglement, and measurement. Traditional word embedding models like Word2Vec, GloVe, and FastText capture semantic relationships between words but often struggle with contextual ambiguity, polysemy, and complex inter-word dependencies. Our proposed model leverages the mathematical framework of quantum mechanics to represent word meanings as dynamic, context-sensitive entities within a complex Hilbert space.

We introduce superposition states to allow words to embody multiple potential meanings simultaneously and apply entanglement to model the dependencies between frequently co-occurring words. Furthermore, we use a quantum measurement process to dynamically adjust word embeddings based on context, offering a more nuanced understanding of meaning.

The proposed model is evaluated on the WordSim-353 dataset, demonstrating significant improvements over classical and existing quantum-inspired approaches. Our quantum-inspired embeddings achieve a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 0.0489 and a Pearson Correlation of 0.7766, outperforming the baselines by a substantial margin. These results highlight the potential of quantum-inspired techniques to enhance natural language processing tasks, including semantic search, text classification, and machine translation.

Keywords: Quantum-Inspired NLP, Word Embeddings, Superposition, Entanglement, Contextual Adaptation, Natural Language Processing, Semantic Analysis, Quantum Measurement
The Large D Limit of Planar Diagrams
Creators: name: Ferrari, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that in $\text{O}(D)$ invariant matrix theories containing a large number $D$ of complex or Hermitian matrices, one can define a $D\rightarrow\infty$ limit for which the sum over planar diagrams truncates to a tractable, yet non-trivial, sum over melon diagrams. In particular, results obtained recently in SYK and tensor models can be generalized to traditional, string-inspired matrix quantum mechanical models of black holes.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures; v2: typos corrected, a few comments and references added; v3: a few references added, remarks on gauging and on the commutator squared interaction added. Published version
Fragmentation process, pruning poset for rooted forests, and Möbius inversion
Creators: name: Baake, Ellen
name: Esser, Mareike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 05A15, 60J20, 05C05, 06B99

description: We consider a discrete-time Markov chain, called fragmentation process, that describes a specific way of successively removing objects from a linear arrangement. The process arises in population genetics and describes the ancestry of the genetic material of individuals in a population experiencing recombination. We aim at the law of the process over time. To this end, we investigate sets of realisations of this process that agree with respect to a specific order of events and represent each such set by a rooted (binary) tree. The probability of each tree is, in turn, obtained by Möbius inversion on a suitable poset of all rooted forests that can be obtained from the tree by edge deletion; we call this poset the \textit{pruning poset}. Dependencies within the fragments make it difficult to obtain explicit expressions for the probabilities of the trees. We therefore construct an auxiliary process for every given tree, which is i.i.d. over time, and which allows to give a pathwise construction of realisations that match the tree.
description: Markov Proc. Relat. Fields, in press
Edge fracture in complex fluids
Creators: name: Hemingway, Ewan J.
name: Kusumaatmaja, Halim
name: Fielding, Suzanne M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the edge fracture instability in sheared complex fluids, by means of linear stability analysis and direct nonlinear simulations. We derive an exact analytical expression for the onset of edge fracture in terms of the shear-rate derivative of the fluid's second normal stress difference, the shear-rate derivative of the shear stress, the jump in shear stress across the interface between the fluid and the outside medium (usually air), the surface tension of that interface, and the rheometer gap size. We provide a full mechanistic understanding of the edge fracture instability, carefully validated against our simulations. These findings, which are robust with respect to choice of rheological constitutive model, also suggest a possible route to mitigating edge fracture, potentially allowing experimentalists to achieve and accurately measure stronger flows than hitherto.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures (plus Supplementary Material); v2: updated to post-referee version, incl. minor update to Fig. 1
Analytical results for a stochastic model of gene expression with arbitrary partitioning of proteins
Creators: name: Tschirhart, Hugo
name: Platini, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In biophysics, the search for analytical solutions of stochastic models of cellular processes is often a challenging task. In recent work on models of gene expression, it was shown that a mapping based on partitioning of Poisson arrivals (PPA-mapping) can lead to exact solutions for previously unsolved problems. While the approach can be used in general when the model involves Poisson processes corresponding to creation or degradation, current applications of the method and new results derived using it have been limited to date. In this paper, we present the exact solution of a variation of the two-stage model of gene expression (with time dependent transition rates) describing the arbitrary partitioning of proteins. The methodology proposed makes full use of the the PPA-mapping by transforming the original problem into a new process describing the evolution of three biological switches. Based on a succession of transformations, the method leads to a hierarchy of reduced models. We give an integral expression of the time dependent generating function as well as explicit results for the mean, variance, and correlation function. Finally, we discuss how results for time dependent parameters can be extended to the three-stage model and used to make inferences about models with parameter fluctuations induced by hidden stochastic variables.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Fixation probability of a nonmutator in a large population of asexual mutators
Creators: name: Jain, Kavita
name: James, Ananthu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In an adapted population of mutators in which most mutations are deleterious, a nonmutator that lowers the mutation rate is under indirect selection and can sweep to fixation. Using a multitype branching process, we calculate the fixation probability of a rare nonmutator in a large population of asexual mutators. We show that when beneficial mutations are absent, the fixation probability is a nonmonotonic function of the mutation rate of the mutator: it first increases sublinearly and then decreases exponentially. We also find that beneficial mutations can enhance the fixation probability of a nonmutator. Our analysis is relevant to an understanding of recent experiments in which a reduction in the mutation rates has been observed.
Topological spin-singlet superconductors with underlying sublattice structure
Creators: name: Dutreix, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Majorana boundary quasiparticles may naturally emerge in a spin-singlet superconductor with Rashba spin-orbit interactions, when a Zeeman magnetic field breaks time-reversal symmetry. Their existence and robustness against adiabatic changes is deeply related, via a bulk-edge correspondence, to topological properties of the band structure. The present paper shows that the spin-orbit may be responsible for topological transitions when the superconducting system has an underlying sublattice structure, as it appears in a dimerized Peierls chain, graphene, and phosphorene. These systems, which belong to the Bogoliubov-de Gennes class D, are found to have an extra symmetry that plays the role of the parity. It enables the characterization of the topology of the particle-hole symmetric band structure in terms of band inversions. The topological phase diagrams this leads to are then obtained analytically and exactly. They reveal that, because of the underlying sublattice structure, the existence of topological superconducting phases requires a minimum doping fixed by the strength of the Rashba spin-orbit. Majorana boundary quasiparticles are finally predicted to emerge when the Fermi level lies in the vicinity of the bottom (top) of the conduction (valence) band in semiconductors such as the dimerized Peierls chain and phosphorene. In a two-dimensional topological superconductor based on (stretched) graphene, which is semimetallic, Majorana quasiparticles cannot emerge at zero and low doping, that is, when the Fermi level is close to the Dirac points. Nevertheless, they are likely to appear in the vicinity of the van Hove singularities.
Mass-Angular Momentum Inequality For Black Ring Spacetimes
Creators: name: Alaee, Aghil
name: Khuri, Marcus
name: Kunduri, Hari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The inequality $m^3\geq \frac{27π}{4} |\mathcal{J}_{2}||\mathcal{J}_{1}-\mathcal{J}_{2}|$ relating total mass and angular momenta, is established for (possibly dynamical) spacetimes admitting black holes of ring ($S^1\times S^2$) topology. This inequality is shown to be sharp in the sense that it is saturated precisely for the extreme Pomeransky-Sen'kov black ring solutions. The physical significance of this inequality and its relation to new evidence of black ring instability, as well as the standard picture of gravitational collapse, are discussed.
description: 5 pages; V2: minor improvements
Limits on the Lorentz Invariance Violation from UHECR astrophysics
Creators: name: Lang, Rodrigo Guedes
name: Martínez-Huerta, Humberto
name: de Souza, Vitor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) is introduced in the calculations of photon propagation in the Universe. LIV is considered in the photon sector and the mean free path of the $γγ\rightarrow e^{+} e^{-}$ interaction is calculated. The corresponding photon horizon including LIV effects is used to predict major changes in the propagation of photons with energy above $10^{18}$ eV. The flux of GZK photons on Earth considering LIV is calculated for several source models of ultra-high energy cosmic ray (UHECR). The predicted flux of GZK gamma-rays is compared to the new upper limits on the photon flux obtained by the Pierre Auger Observatory in order to impose upper limits on the LIV coefficients of order $n =$ 0, 1 and 2. The limits on the LIV coefficients derived here are more realistic than previous works and in some cases more restrictive. The analysis resulted in LIV upper limits in the photon sector of $δ_{γ,0}^{limit} \sim -10^{-20}$, $δ_{γ,1}^{limit} \sim -10^{-38} \; \mathrm{eV^{-1}}$ and $δ_{γ,2}^{limit} \sim -10^{-56} \; \mathrm{eV^{-2}}$ in the astrophysical scenario which best describes UHECR data.
British Gallup Poll CQ 615
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Government approval (1); James Callaghan job performance (1); Margaret Thatcher job performance (1); David Steel job performance (1); party support (2); 1974 General Election (2); urgent problems (2); party to handle problems (1); next general election (2); government income & price policy (5); government controlling prices (1); rising prices stoppable (1); trade union response to policy (1); Denis Healy approval (1); budget approval (23); religious practices (2); bought sewing machine (4); rental cars (30); shaving preferences (6); cookware ad (1); cars (67).
Equational theories of fields
Creators: name: Martin-Pizarro, Amador
name: Ziegler, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C45, 12H05

description: A complete first-order theory is equational if every definable set is a Boolean combination of instances of equations, that is, of formulae such that the family of finite intersections of instances has the descending chain condition. Equationality is a strengthening of stability. We show the equationality of the theory of proper extensions of algebraically closed fields of some fixed characteristic and of the theory of separably closed fields of arbitrary imperfection degree. Srour showed that the theory of differentially closed fields in positive characteristic is equational. We give also a different proof of his result.
description: Research partially supported by the program MTM2014-59178-P. Additionally, the first author thanks the program ANR-13-BS01-0006 Valcomo. This is an improved version of a previous version (first submitted on 19 Feb 2017), in which only the theory of pairs was considered. It includes now a modification of Lemma 2.6 on weak elimination of imaginaries
Realization of bicovariant differential calculus on the Lie algebra type noncommutative spaces
Creators: name: Meljanac, Stjepan
name: Kresic-Juric, Sasa
name: Martinic, Tea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates bicovariant differential calculus on noncommutative spaces of the Lie algebra type. For a given Lie algebra $g_0$ we construct a Lie superalgebra $g=g_0\oplus g_1$ containing noncommutative coordinates and one--forms. We show that $g$ can be extended by a set of generators $T_{AB}$ whose action on the enveloping algebra $U(g)$ gives the commutation relations between monomials in $U(g_0)$ and one--forms. Realizations of noncommutative coordinates, one--forms and the generators $T_{AB}$ as formal power series in a semicompleted Weyl superalgebra are found. In the special case $dim(g_0)= dim(g_1)$ we also find a realization of the exterior derivative on $U(g_0)$. The realizations of these geometric objects yield a bicovariant differential calculus on $U(g_0)$ as a deformation of the standard calculus on the Euclidean space.
description: 24 pages
Инновационный подход к совершенствованию состава рационов для молочного скота
Creators: name: Симонов Г.А.
name: Варакин А.Т.
name: Степурина М.А.
name: Хализова З.Н.
name: Симонов А.Г.
name: Сапрыкина Е.В.
Publisher: name: Эффективное животноводство
Year: 2023
Subjects: коровы
состав рациона
инновационная технология
молочная продуктивность
экономическая эффективность
cows
diet composition
innovative technology
milk productivity
economic efficiency

description: В статье представлены научно-практические результаты и рекомендации, позволяющие улучшить минеральное питание и продуктивные качества молочных коров. Показаны характеристика природной комплексной минеральной добавки – Волгоградского бишофита и доза его введения в рационы лактирующих коров. Установлено, что использование природного бишофта в составе рациона дойным коровам позволяет увеличить средний суточный удой на 7,74 %, улучшить показатели по содержанию жира и белка в молоке, эффективности его производства.
description: The article presents scientific and practical results and recommendations, allowing to improve mineral nutrition and productive qualities of dairy cows. The characteristics of the natural complex mineral supplement – Volgograd bischofite are shown and the dose of its introduction into the diets of lactating cows. It has been established that the use of natural bischofite as part of the diet for dairy cows allows you to increase the average daily milk yield by 7.74%, to improve indicators on the content of fat and protein in milk, the efficiency of its production.
Deep Neural Network Probabilistic Decoder for Stabilizer Codes
Creators: name: Krastanov, Stefan
name: Jiang, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neural networks can efficiently encode the probability distribution of errors in an error correcting code. Moreover, these distributions can be conditioned on the syndromes of the corresponding errors. This paves a path forward for a decoder that employs a neural network to calculate the conditional distribution, then sample from the distribution - the sample will be the predicted error for the given syndrome. We present an implementation of such an algorithm that can be applied to any stabilizer code. Testing it on the toric code, it has higher threshold than a number of known decoders thanks to naturally finding the most probable error and accounting for correlations between errors.
Neural Multi-Step Reasoning for Question Answering on Semi-Structured Tables
Creators: name: Haug, Till
name: Ganea, Octavian-Eugen
name: Grnarova, Paulina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Advances in natural language processing tasks have gained momentum in recent years due to the increasingly popular neural network methods. In this paper, we explore deep learning techniques for answering multi-step reasoning questions that operate on semi-structured tables. Challenges here arise from the level of logical compositionality expressed by questions, as well as the domain openness. Our approach is weakly supervised, trained on question-answer-table triples without requiring intermediate strong supervision. It performs two phases: first, machine understandable logical forms (programs) are generated from natural language questions following the work of [Pasupat and Liang, 2015]. Second, paraphrases of logical forms and questions are embedded in a jointly learned vector space using word and character convolutional neural networks. A neural scoring function is further used to rank and retrieve the most probable logical form (interpretation) of a question. Our best single model achieves 34.8% accuracy on the WikiTableQuestions dataset, while the best ensemble of our models pushes the state-of-the-art score on this task to 38.7%, thus slightly surpassing both the engineered feature scoring baseline, as well as the Neural Programmer model of [Neelakantan et al., 2016].
Persistence in Stochastic Lotka--Volterra food chains with intraspecific competition
Creators: name: Hening, Alexandru
name: Nguyen, Dang H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92D25, 37H15, 60H10, 60J60

description: This paper is devoted to the analysis of a simple Lotka-Volterra food chain evolving in a stochastic environment. It can be seen as the companion paper of Hening and Nguyen (J. of Math. Biol. `18) where we have characterized the persistence and extinction of such a food chain under the assumption that there is no intraspecific competition among predators. In the current paper we focus on the case when all the species experience intracompetition. The food chain we analyze consists of one prey and $n-1$ predators. The $j$th predator eats the $j-1$st species and is eaten by the $j+1$st predator; this way each species only interacts with at most two other species - the ones that are immediately above or below it in the trophic chain. We show that one can classify, based on the invasion rates of the predators (which we can determine from the interaction coefficients of the system via an algorithm), which species go extinct and which converge to their unique invariant probability measure. We obtain stronger results than in the case with no intraspecific competition because in this setting we can make use of the general results of Hening and Nguyen (Ann. of Appl. Probab.). Unlike most of the results available in the literature, we provide an in depth analysis for both non-degenerate and degenerate noise. We exhibit our general results by analysing trophic cascades in a plant--herbivore--predator system and providing persistence/extinction criteria for food chains of length $n\leq 3$.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures, corrected typos and added some applications to trophic cascades
Thermal impact of magmatism in subduction zones
Creators: name: Jones, David W. Rees
name: Katz, Richard F.
name: Tian, Meng
name: Rudge, John F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magmatism in subduction zones builds continental crust and causes most of Earth's subaerial volcanism. The production rate and composition of magmas are controlled by the thermal structure of subduction zones. A range of geochemical and heat flow evidence has recently converged to indicate that subduction zones are hotter at lithospheric depths beneath the arc than predicted by canonical thermomechanical models, which neglect magmatism. We show that this discrepancy can be resolved by consideration of the heat transported by magma. In our one- and two-dimensional numerical models and scaling analysis, magmatic transport of sensible and latent heat locally alters the thermal structure of canonical models by $\sim$300 K, increasing predicted surface heat flow and mid-lithospheric temperatures to observed values. We find the advection of sensible heat to be larger than the deposition of latent heat. Based on these results we conclude that thermal transport by magma migration affects the chemistry and the location of arc volcanoes.
description: Revised version. 10 pages, 9 figures (plus Supplementary Material: 5 pages, 4 figures). Changes: slightly expanded description of model and discussion of results
title: Kilka wykładów o funkcjach rzeczywistych
title: wydanie drugie poprawione i rozszerzone
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Balcerzak, Marek
Publisher: name: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej
Year: 2022

description: Podstawy teorii funkcji rzeczywistych znajdują liczne zastosowania w innych działach matematyki. Na przykład funkcje o wahaniu skończonym na przedziale [a, b] stanowią ciekawą i ważną algebrę Banacha. Całka Riemanna-Stieltjesa ma istotne zastosowania w probabilistyce i w równaniach różniczkowych. Funkcjom monotonicznym i funkcjom o wahaniu skończonym są poświęcone dwa pierwsze rozdziały skryptu, a kolejny dotyczy najważniejszych własności całki Riemanna-Stieltjesa.
Two-dimensional Bose and Fermi gases beyond weak coupling
Creators: name: Franca, Guilherme
name: LeClair, Andre
name: Squires, Joshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a formalism based on the two-body S-matrix we study two-dimensional Bose and Fermi gases with both attractive and repulsive interactions. Approximate analytic expressions, valid at weak coupling and beyond, are developed and applied to the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition. We successfully recover the correct logarithmic functional form of the critical chemical potential and density for the Bose gas. For fermions, the BKT critical temperature is calculated in BCS and BEC regimes through consideration of Tan's contact.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures. v2: pubished version
Barjols, garçonnets regardant les aubadeurs
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Barjols, première aubade à Georges Chataing, le "capitaine de ville"
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
The Interacting Mesoscopic Capacitor Out of Equilibrium
Creators: name: Litinski, Daniel
name: Brouwer, Piet W.
name: Filippone, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the full nonequilibrium response of a mesoscopic capacitor in the large transparency limit, exactly solving a model with electron-electron interactions appropriate for a cavity in the quantum Hall regime. For a cavity coupled to the electron reservoir via an ideal point contact, we show that the response to any time-dependent gate voltage $V_{\rm g}(t)$ is strictly linear in $V_{\rm g}$. We analyze the charge and current response to a sudden gate voltage shift, and find that this response is not captured by a simple circuit analogy. In particular, in the limit of strong interactions a sudden change in the gate voltage leads to the emission of a sequence of multiple charge pulses, the width and separation of which are controlled by the charge-relaxation time $τ_{\rm c} = h C_{\rm g}/e^2$ and the time of flight $τ_{\rm f}$. We also consider the effect of a finite reflection amplitude in the point contact, which leads to nonlinear-in-gate-voltage corrections to the charge and current response.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
Opacity limit for supermassive protostars
Creators: name: Becerra, Fernando
name: Marinacci, Federico
name: Inayoshi, Kohei
name: Bromm, Volker
name: Hernquist, Lars E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model for the evolution of supermassive protostars from their formation at $M_\star \simeq 0.1\,\text{M}_\odot$ until their growth to $M_\star \simeq 10^5\,\text{M}_\odot$. To calculate the initial properties of the object in the optically thick regime we follow two approaches: based on idealized thermodynamic considerations, and on a more detailed one-zone model. Both methods derive a similar value of $n_{\rm F} \simeq 2 \times 10^{17} \,\text{cm}^{-3}$ for the density of the object when opacity becomes important, i.e. the opacity limit. The subsequent evolution of the growing protostar is determined by the accretion of gas onto the object and can be described by a mass-radius relation of the form $R_\star \propto M_\star^{1/3}$ during the early stages, and of the form $R_\star \propto M_\star^{1/2}$ when internal luminosity becomes important. For the case of a supermassive protostar, this implies that the radius of the star grows from $R_\star \simeq 0.65 \,{\rm AU}$ to $R_\star \simeq 250 \,{\rm AU}$ during its evolution. Finally, we use this model to construct a sub-grid recipe for accreting sink particles in numerical simulations. A prime ingredient thereof is a physically motivated prescription for the accretion radius and the effective temperature of the growing protostar embedded inside it. From the latter, we can conclude that photo-ionization feedback can be neglected until very late in the assembly process of the supermassive object.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, accepted to ApJ
Subfactors and quantum information theory
Creators: name: Naaijkens, Pieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider quantum information tasks in an operator algebraic setting, where we consider normal states on von Neumann algebras. In particular, we consider subfactors $\mathfrak{N} \subset \mathfrak{M}$, that is, unital inclusions of von Neumann algebras with trivial center. One can ask the following question: given a normal state $ω$ on $\mathfrak{M}$, how much can one learn by only doing measurements from $\mathfrak{N}$? We argue how the Jones index $[\mathfrak{M}:\mathfrak{N}]$ can be used to give a quantitative answer to this, showing how the rich theory of subfactors can be used in a quantum information context. As an example we discuss how the Jones index can be used in the context of wiretap channels. Subfactors also occur naturally in physics. Here we discuss two examples: rational conformal field theories and Kitaev's toric code on the plane, a prototypical example of a topologically ordered model. There we can directly relate aspects of the general setting to physical properties such as the quantum dimension of the excitations. In the example of the toric code we also show how we can calculate the index via an approximation with finite dimensional systems. This explicit construction sheds more light on the connection between topological order and the Jones index.
description: v2: added more background material, some corrections and clarifications. 23 pages, submitted to QMath 13 (Atlanta, GA) proceedings
Comparison of some Entropy Conservative Numerical Fluxes for the Euler Equations
Creators: name: Ranocha, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M70, 65M60, 65M06, 65M12

description: Entropy conservation and stability of numerical methods in gas dynamics have received much interest. Entropy conservative numerical fluxes can be used as ingredients in two kinds of schemes: Firstly, as building blocks in the subcell flux differencing form of Fisher and Carpenter (2013) and secondly (enhanced by dissipation) as numerical surface fluxes in finite volume like schemes. The purpose of this article is threefold. Firstly, the flux differencing theory is extended, guaranteeing high-order for general symmetric and consistent numerical fluxes and investigating entropy stability in a generalised framework of summation-by-parts operators applicable to multiple dimensions and simplex elements. Secondly, a general procedure to construct affordable entropy conservative fluxes is described explicitly and used to derive several new fluxes. Finally, robustness properties of entropy stable numerical fluxes are investigated and positivity preservation is proven for several entropy conservative fluxes enhanced with local Lax-Friedrichs type dissipation operators. All these theoretical investigations are supplemented with numerical experiments.
description: 55 pages, 1 figure
Monte Carlo study of an anisotropic Ising multilayer with antiferromagnetic interlayer couplings
Creators: name: Diaz, Ian Jordy Lopez
name: Branco, Nilton da Silva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Monte Carlo study of the magnetic properties of an Ising multilayer ferrimagnet. The system consists of two kinds of non-equivalent planes, one of which is site-diluted. All intralayer couplings are ferromagnetic. The different kinds of planes are stacked alternately and the interlayer couplings are antiferromagnetic. We perform the simulations using the Wolff algorithm and employ multiple histogram reweighting and finite-size scaling methods to analyze the data with special emphasis on the study of compensation phenomena. Compensation and critical temperatures of the system are obtained as functions of the Hamiltonian parameters and we present a detailed discussion about the contribution of each parameter to the presence or absence of the compensation effect. A comparison is presented between our results and those reported in the literature for the same model using the pair approximation. We also compare our results with those obtained through both the pair approximation and Monte Carlo simulations for the bilayer system.
description: 13 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1607.05221
An Exploration of consumption of locally produced television content.pdf
Creators: name: Bhila, Takura
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 100509 Video Communications
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 160503 Communications and Media Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The study sought to gain insight into what informs consumption of locally produced content on television in Lesotho using Bophelo as a case study. The study is informed by the perspective that television production and consumption in Lesotho is dominated by mainstream television from South Africa such as etv, SABC, Mzansi Magic and DSTV. The study therefore interviewed and gleaned information from the cross section of society of Lesotho in order to establish how Basotho view Bophelo, what they learn from the show and what else they expect from the show. The purpose is to help the quality of the content of the show as well as to help the show better meet the viewers’ expectations. Information was gathered, presented and analysed qualitatively.
The Initial Mass Function in the Nearest Strong Lenses from SNELLS: Assessing the Consistency of Lensing, Dynamical, and Spectroscopic Constraints
Creators: name: Newman, Andrew B.
name: Smith, Russell J.
name: Conroy, Charlie
name: Villaume, Alexa
name: van Dokkum, Pieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new observations of the three nearest early-type galaxy (ETG) strong lenses discovered in the SINFONI Nearby Elliptical Lens Locator Survey (SNELLS). Based on their lensing masses, these ETGs were inferred to have a stellar initial mass function (IMF) consistent with that of the Milky Way, not the bottom-heavy IMF that has been reported as typical for high-$σ$ ETGs based on lensing, dynamical, and stellar population synthesis techniques. We use these unique systems to test the consistency of IMF estimates derived from different methods. We first estimate the stellar $M_*/L$ using lensing and stellar dynamics. We then fit high-quality optical spectra of the lenses using an updated version of the stellar population synthesis models developed by Conroy & van Dokkum. When examined individually, we find good agreement among these methods for one galaxy. The other two galaxies show 2-3$σ$ tension with lensing estimates, depending on the dark matter contribution, when considering IMFs that extend to 0.08 Msol. Allowing a variable low-mass cutoff or a nonparametric form of the IMF reduces the tension among the IMF estimates to $<2σ$. There is moderate evidence for a reduced number of low-mass stars in the SNELLS spectra, but no such evidence in a composite spectrum of matched-$σ$ ETGs drawn from the SDSS. Such variation in the form of the IMF at low stellar masses (m
description: Accepted to ApJ. This version incorporates a number of changes, including additional figures, a new nonparametric IMF analysis, revised dynamical constraints, an appendix on the influence of NaI 8190, tabulated spectra used in this paper, and an updated discussion section
Detection and Resolution of Rumours in Social Media: A Survey
Creators: name: Zubiaga, Arkaitz
name: Aker, Ahmet
name: Bontcheva, Kalina
name: Liakata, Maria
name: Procter, Rob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite the increasing use of social media platforms for information and news gathering, its unmoderated nature often leads to the emergence and spread of rumours, i.e. pieces of information that are unverified at the time of posting. At the same time, the openness of social media platforms provides opportunities to study how users share and discuss rumours, and to explore how natural language processing and data mining techniques may be used to find ways of determining their veracity. In this survey we introduce and discuss two types of rumours that circulate on social media; long-standing rumours that circulate for long periods of time, and newly-emerging rumours spawned during fast-paced events such as breaking news, where reports are released piecemeal and often with an unverified status in their early stages. We provide an overview of research into social media rumours with the ultimate goal of developing a rumour classification system that consists of four components: rumour detection, rumour tracking, rumour stance classification and rumour veracity classification. We delve into the approaches presented in the scientific literature for the development of each of these four components. We summarise the efforts and achievements so far towards the development of rumour classification systems and conclude with suggestions for avenues for future research in social media mining for detection and resolution of rumours.
description: ACM Computing Surveys
Offshore space use of lesser black-backed gulls (Larus fuscus) from the Schiermonnikoog breeding population
Creators: name: Sage, Elspeth
name: Shamoun, J.Z.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ecology not elsewhere classified
Behavioural ecology
Electrical energy generation (incl. renewables, excl. photovoltaics)

description: This report provides and overview into the offshore space use of lesser black-backed gulls from the breeding colony of Schiermonnikoog, Netherlands, and their interactions with Gemini wind farm. The overall aim of this project was to develop understanding of lesser black-backed gull behaviour, breeding biology, and response to environmental drivers and is presented in he PhD thesis written as the main output of this project (Sage, 2022), whilst this report provides additional contextual information and policy reccomendations more specifically focused on the interactions of gulls with offshore windfarms.
Theoretical Description Of GRB 160625B with Wind-to-ISM Transition and Implications for a Magnetized Outflow
Creators: name: Fraija, N.
name: Veres, P.
name: Zhang, B. B.
name: Duran, R. Barniol
name: Becerra, R. L.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Lee, W. H.
name: Watson, A. M.
name: Ordaz-Salazar, C.
name: Galvan-Gamez, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GRB 160625B, one of the brightest bursts in recent years, was simultaneously observed by Fermi and Swift satellites, and ground-based optical telescopes in three different events separated by long periods of time. In this paper the non-thermal multiwavelength observations of GRB 160625B are described and a transition phase from wind-type-like medium to interstellar medium between the early (event II) and the late (event III) afterglow is found. The multiwavelength observations of the early afterglow are consistent with the afterglow evolution starting at $\sim$ 150 s in a stellar wind medium whereas the observations of the late afterglow are consistent with the afterglow evolution in interstellar medium (ISM). The wind-to-ISM transition is calculated to be at $\sim 8\times 10^3$ s when the jet has decelerated, at a distance of $\sim$ 1 pc from the progenitor. Using the standard external shock model, the synchrotron and synchrotron self-Compton emission from reverse shock is required to model the GeV $γ$-ray and optical observations in the early afterglow, and synchrotron radiation from the adiabatic forward shock to describe the X-ray and optical observations in the late afterglow. The derived values of the magnetization parameter, the slope of the fast decay of the optical flash and the inferred magnetic fields suggest that Poynting flux-dominated jet models with arbitrary magnetization could account for the spectral properties exhibited by GRB 160625B.
description: 9 pages, 2 figure and 3 tables. References were added. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Selective Video Object Cutout
Creators: name: Wang, Wenguan
name: Shen, Jianbing
name: Porikli, Fatih
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Conventional video segmentation approaches rely heavily on appearance models. Such methods often use appearance descriptors that have limited discriminative power under complex scenarios. To improve the segmentation performance, this paper presents a pyramid histogram based confidence map that incorporates structure information into appearance statistics. It also combines geodesic distance based dynamic models. Then, it employs an efficient measure of uncertainty propagation using local classifiers to determine the image regions where the object labels might be ambiguous. The final foreground cutout is obtained by refining on the uncertain regions. Additionally, to reduce manual labeling, our method determines the frames to be labeled by the human operator in a principled manner, which further boosts the segmentation performance and minimizes the labeling effort. Our extensive experimental analyses on two big benchmarks demonstrate that our solution achieves superior performance, favorable computational efficiency, and reduced manual labeling in comparison to the state-of-the-art.
description: W. Wang, J. Shen, and F. Porikli. "Selective video object cutout." IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 26.12 (2017): 5645-5655
title: Oni to już dawno mieli! – czyli o historycznych, organicznych i dyktowanych przez funkcję źródłach współczesnych form w architekturze norweskiej
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Pardała, Wojciech
name: Augustyniak, Małgorzata
Publisher: name: Łódź U Like 2021 Zobaczyć. Dotknąć. Doświadczyć. Przeżyć. Opowiedzieć, pod red. Włodzimierz Witkowski, Jarosław Striker /Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Norwegia, architektura nowoczesna, architektura tradycyjna

description: Podróżując po Norwegii, patrząc na budynki w  miastach, miasteczkach, na wsi, ale także przy wlocie do kanałów elektrowni, przyglądając się wodzie, kamieniom, układowi skał, zauważyliśmy, że można odnaleźć w nich formy, obecne tam za sprawą oddziaływania sił natury, bądź dyktowane przez czystą użyteczność, a pojawiające się na przestrzeni ostatnich stu lat jako elementy kształtowania bryły budynków nadające im mocno zindywidualizowany, odważny, „nowoczesny” charakter. W swojej prezentacji chcielibyśmy pokazać zarówno przykłady obiektów, które mogły być zainspirowane takimi formami w zestawieniu z tym, co naszym zdaniem mogło być punktem wyjścia dla ich autorów, jak i obiekty, w przypadku których analogiczność formy może być całkiem przypadkowa oraz potencjalne źródła przyszłych inspiracji, niekoniecznie minimalistycznych.
Derived coisotropic structures II: stacks and quantization
Creators: name: Melani, Valerio
name: Safronov, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We extend results about $n$-shifted coisotropic structures from part I of this work to the setting of derived Artin stacks. We show that an intersection of coisotropic morphisms carries a Poisson structure of shift one less. We also compare non-degenerate shifted coisotropic structures and shifted Lagrangian structures and show that there is a natural equivalence between the two spaces in agreement with the classical result. Finally, we define quantizations of $n$-shifted coisotropic structures and show that they exist for $n>1$.
description: 45 pages. Contains the second half of arXiv:1608.01482v1 with new material added
The rapidity dependence of the average transverse momentum in p+p and p+Pb collisions - revisited
Creators: name: Deja, Katarzyna
name: Kutak, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the rapidity dependence of the average transverse momentum $\left\langle p_{T}\right\rangle$ in a $pp$ and $pA$ collision, using the high energy factorization (HEF). We update previous predictions for the $\left\langle p_{T}\right\rangle$ both in central and forward rapidity region using parton densities following from extended BK and BFKL evolution equations to account for corrections of higher orders as well as one obtained by Sudakov resummation. Furthermore, we demonstrate that in the mid rapidity region the saturation based formalisms predict increase of the transversal momentum while in the forward rapidity region the $\left\langle p_{T}(y)\right\rangle$ decreases.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
The profinite completions of knot groups determine the Alexander polynomials
Creators: name: Ueki, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27 (Primary), 20E18, 20E26, 57M12 (Secondary)

description: We study several properties of the completed group ring $\widehat{\mathbb{Z}}[[t^{\widehat{\mathbb{Z}}}]]$ and the completed Alexander modules of knots. Then we prove that if the profinite completions of the groups of two knots $J$ and $K$ are isomorphic, then their Alexander polynomials $Δ_J(t)$ and $Δ_K(t)$ coincide.
description: 14 pages