cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Statement for U.S. Congressional Hearing: Resolving the Political Crisis in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Creators: name: Autesserre, Severine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Peace-building
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: International relations
subject: Community development

description: Written statement for the hearing “Resolving the Political Crisis in the Democratic Republic of Congo” organized by the Subcommittee on Africa, Global Health, Global Human Rights, and International Organizations of the Committee of Foreign Affairs at the United States House of Representatives on November 9, 2017. This statement is part of the official record of the Congressional hearing.
title: Preoperative imaging of Pediatric choroid plexus tumors : how radiologists assess the diagnosis and predict malignancy ?
Creators: name: Berrada, Ghita
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Oncology
subject: Paediatric
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Oedema
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Retrospective
subject: Cross-sectional study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: To highlight the accuracy of cross sectional imaging (CT and MRI) in assessing the diagnosis of pediatric choroid plexus tumors, in predicting their malignancy, and therefore guiding the optimal...
Strongly magnetized cold electron degenerate gas: Mass-radius relation of the magnetized white dwarf
Creators: name: Das, Upasana
name: Mukhopadhyay, Banibrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a relativistic, degenerate electron gas at zero-temperature under the influence of a strong, uniform, static magnetic field, neglecting any form of interactions. Since the density of states for the electrons changes due to the presence of the magnetic field (which gives rise to Landau quantization), the corresponding equation of state also gets modified. In order to investigate the effect of very strong magnetic field, we focus only on systems in which a maximum of either one, two or three Landau level(s) is/are occupied. This is important since, if a very large number of Landau levels are filled, it implies a very low magnetic field strength which yields back Chandrasekhar's celebrated non-magnetic results. The maximum number of occupied Landau levels is fixed by the correct choice of two parameters, namely the magnetic field strength and the maximum Fermi energy of the system. We study the equations of state of these one-level, two-level and three-level systems and compare them by taking three different maximum Fermi energies. We also find the effect of the strong magnetic field on the mass-radius relation of the underlying star composed of the gas stated above. We obtain an exciting result that, it is possible to have an electron degenerate static star, namely magnetized white dwarfs, with a mass significantly greater than the Chandrasekhar limit in the range 2.3-2.6M_Sun, provided it has an appropriate magnetic field strength and central density. In fact, recent observations of peculiar Type Ia supernovae - SN 2006gz, SN 2007if, SN 2009dc, SN 2003fg - seem to suggest super-Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarfs with masses up to 2.4-2.8M_Sun, as their most likely progenitors. Interestingly our results seem to lie within the observational limits.
description: 28 pages including 7 figures; section 4.1 significantly modified, section 4.7 and Appendix including Figure 7 added; version appear to Physical Review D
title: Low-dose Ultrafast DCE-MRI for Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer
Creators: name: Zhang, Daming
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Genitourinary
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Oncology
subject: Pelvis
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Retrospective

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: This study investigates whether administration of low doses of Gadolinium imaged using ultrafast dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI can be as effective as a standard dose and resolution DCE-MRI in the diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) based on an...
Fostering Ethical Professional Identity in Tax: Using the Traditional Tax Classroom
Creators: name: Field, Heather M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Law schools
Taxation--Law and legislation--Study and teaching
Legal ethics
Identity (Psychology)

description: Thus, the goal of this article is to provide strategies for integrating professional identity development exercises into the traditional tax classroom.[17]  In doing so, this article advances our understanding of how to help students develop ethical professional identity, particularly for those students interested in pursuing a career in tax.[18]  And this article helps to answer the call for “plug and play” curriculum[19] that faculty can use to advance the student learning objective of teaching ethical professional identity formation.[20]  In addition, given that professional identity development is equally important for practicing tax lawyers, they can use this article as a self-study tool, and the exercises herein can be used for CLE workshops.[21]

Part II of this article provides background by elaborating on the concept of “professional identity” and explaining why this is an important part of legal education.  Part III then argues for incorporating professional identity pedagogy into a specific context—the traditional tax classroom.

Part IV provides an exercise that can be used in any upper-division tax course to integrate professional identity building into the traditional tax classroom; a reader primarily interested in the specific exercises might want to skip directly to this part.  Part V identifies several challenges with integrating a professional identity module into the tax classroom and discusses variations and alternatives to help professors overcome or mitigate these challenges.  This enables tax professors to tailor the experience to their goals and their students’ needs.

Part VI concludes.  Ultimately, the goal of this article is to try to empower tax faculty to help students reflect seriously on who they are and who they want to be as soon-to-be lawyers in the tax profession.
A complex intervention to improve implementation of World Health Organization guidelines for diagnosis of severe illness in low-income settings: a quasi-experimental study from Uganda
Creators: name: Cummings, Matthew
name: Goldberg, Elijah
name: Mwaka, Savio
name: Kabajaasi, Olive
name: Vittinghoff, Eric
name: Cattamanchi, Adithya
name: Katamba, Achilles
name: Kenya-Mugisha, Nathan
name: Jacob, Shevin T.
name: Lucian Davis, J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: World health
Diagnosis
Health facilities
Medical care

description: Background
                To improve management of severely ill hospitalized patients in low-income settings, the World Health Organization (WHO) established a triage tool called “Quick Check” to provide clinicians with a rapid, standardized approach to identify patients with severe illness based on recognition of abnormal vital signs. Despite the availability of these guidelines, recognition of severe illness remains challenged in low-income settings, largely as a result of infrequent vital sign monitoring.

                Methods
                We conducted a staggered, pre-post quasi-experimental study at four inpatient health facilities in western Uganda to assess the impact of a multi-modal intervention for improving quality of care following formal training on WHO “Quick Check” guidelines for diagnosis of severe illness in low-income settings. Intervention components were developed using the COM-B (“capability,” “opportunity,” and “motivation” determine “behavior”) model and included clinical mentoring by an expert in severe illness care, collaborative improvement meetings with external support supervision, and continuous audits of clinical performance with structured feedback.

                Results
                There were 5759 patients hospitalized from August 2014 to May 2015: 1633 were admitted before and 4126 during the intervention period. Designed to occur twice monthly, collaborative improvement meetings occurred every 2–4 weeks at each site. Clinical mentoring sessions, designed to occur monthly, occurred every 4–6 months at each site. Audit and feedback reports were implemented weekly as designed. During the intervention period, there were significant increases in the site-adjusted likelihood of initial assessment of temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, mental status, and pulse oximetry. Patients admitted during the intervention period were significantly more likely to be diagnosed with sepsis (4.3 vs. 0.4%, risk ratio 10.1, 95% CI 3.0–31.0, p
Spatial Structures and Giant Number Fluctuations in Models of Active Matter
Creators: name: Dey, Supravat
name: Das, Dibyendu
name: Rajesh, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large scale fluctuations of the ordered state in active matter systems are usually characterised by studying the "giant number fluctuations" of particles in any finite volume, as compared to the expectations from the central limit theorem. However, in ordering systems, the fluctuations in density ordering are often captured through their structure functions deviating from Porod law. In this paper we study the relationship between giant number fluctuations and structure functions, for different models of active matter as well as other non-equilibrium systems. A unified picture emerges, with different models falling in four distinct classes depending on the nature of their structure functions. For one class, we show that experimentalists may find Porod law violation, by measuring subleading corrections to the number fluctuations.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Measurement of multi-jet cross sections in proton-proton collisions at a 7 TeV center-of-mass energy
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inclusive multi-jet production is studied in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, using the ATLAS detector. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2.4 pb^-1. Results on multi-jet cross sections are presented and compared to both leading-order plus parton-shower Monte Carlo predictions and to next-to-leading-order QCD calculations.
description: 16 pages plus author list (28 pages total), 12 figures, 3 tables, final version published in European Physics Journal C
Semantic arguments against moral naturalism
Creators: name: Coyne, Steven
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis investigates the prospects of a position in metaethics called moral naturalism. Moral naturalism can be summarized as two claims. First, moral naturalism is a form of moral realism, which states that there are true moral claims that hold irrespectively of a person’s attitudes or beliefs. Second, moral naturalism claims that these moral claims are about properties that are part of the natural world. The central challenge facing moral naturalism is to explain how these moral properties fit into the natural world. Are moral properties reducible to, or identical with, natural properties? If so, is there a semantic explanation for why moral properties are related to some natural properties, and not others? Two major arguments, the Open Question Argument and the Moral Twin Earth Argument, have suggested that such a semantic explanation is not possible, which would make moral naturalism an implausible position to hold. This thesis investigates the prospects for moral naturalism by assessing the success of these arguments. The conclusions offered in this thesis are conservative. Both arguments turn out to depend on controversial, yet plausible, assumptions. In the case of the Open Question Argument, I argue that the success of the argument is sensitive to the form of moral naturalism under consideration; while it is fairly clear that it succeeds against reductive moral naturalism, it is less clear that it undermines non-reductive moral naturalism. It is clearer that the Moral Twin Earth Argument is successful, but it cannot categorically rule out every semantic explanation that the moral naturalist might advance.
title: Blackfoot Challenge: better communities through cooperation
title: Challenges, successes, and opportunities of rancher coalitions: the Blackfoot Challenge
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Duvall, Ali
name: Stone, Jim
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2009
Subjects: Blackfoot River Valley
collaborative conservation
Blackfoot Challenge
Blackfoot Watershed

description: Presented at the Bridging the gap: collaborative conservation from the ground up conference, September 8-11, 2009, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, sponsored by the Center for Collaborative Conservation, https://collaborativeconservation.org/. This conference brought together people with experience working collaboratively to achieve both conservation and livelihood goals in tribal nations, rangelands, forests, watersheds, agricultural lands, and urban areas. Ali Duvall is affiliated with Blackfoot Challenge. Jim Stone is affiliated with Rolling Stone Ranch and Blackfoot Challenge.
description: Since 1993, the landowner-based watershed group the Blackfoot Challenge has been working with public and private partners to coordinate efforts to conserve and enhance the natural resources and rural way of life in the Blackfoot watershed of western Montana. Three phrases guide the Blackfoot Challenge – communication, cooperation and common ground. Through focusing on the 80% that folks can agree on, and not the 20% that divides, this group manages to build trust and relationships to keep working landscapes intact, conserve water to benefit agriculture, fisheries, water quality and habitat, maintain forest health, manage noxious weeds across fence lines, reduce human-wildlife conflicts, and connect classrooms and communities through place-based education. For more information, please see http://www.blackfootchallenge.org/.
The rise and fall of income inequality in Chile
Creators: name: Parro, Francisco
name: Reyes, Loreto
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Income distribution
Labor economics
Labor market

description: This paper presents evidence on a rise and fall in income inequality in Chile during the past two decades. We show that income inequality rises from 1990 to 2000 and then falls from 2000 to 2011. We perform simple but informative decompositions to figure out the contributing factors behind that dissimilarity in the behavior of inequality across those two subperiods. Our results are consistent with a story in which economic growth increases the demand for more educated workers, initially increasing inequality. However, those higher returns to education encourage agents to invest in higher education, producing a subsequent human capital deepening that reduces inequality at later stages of the development process.
On the possibility of generating leading order gaugino masses in direct gauge mediation scenario
Creators: name: Ray, Tirtha Sankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generating gaugino masses at the leading order has typically been difficult in direct/semi-direct gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking models. The Komargodski-Shih theorem has established that local stability of the supersymmetry breaking vacuum implies a vanishing leading order gaugino mass in generic renormalizable O'Raifeartaigh models. We relax the condition of renormalizability and investigate the possibility to evade the KS no-go theorem using higher dimensional operators in the Kahler potential and the superpotential. We demonstrate that higher dimensional terms which are polynomial in superfields are not adequate to evade the KS theorem. We narrow down on the possible class of non-polynomial corrections that can induce unsuppressed gaugino mass in a global supersymmetry breaking vacuum. We find that these models are tantalizingly close to the theories obtained from strongly coupled supersymmetry breaking schemes.
description: 13 pages, typos corrected, references updated
title: Analysis of different diffusion-weighted MRI models as biomarkers in patients treated for primary breast cancer using neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Creators: name: Almutlaq, Zyad
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Oncologic Imaging
subject: Breast
subject: Oncology
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Cancer
subject: Image guided radiotherapy
subject: Retrospective
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Patients with breast cancer often undergo neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) [1], which aims to shrink tumours and improve the likelihood of breast-conserving surgery [2]. However, many patients do not respond to treatment [3] but suffer from...
Water to the Thirsty : Reflections on the Ethical Mission of Libraries and Open Access
Creators: name: Fontanin, Matilde
name: Castellucci, Paola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Digital Libraries
Open Access
Ethical Mission
Accessibility
IFLA CODE on Ethics
BBB Declarations

description: The shift to digital information determines a parallel shift in access modes, and digital libraries are called to action by the ethical foundations of their mission. Open Access makes information potentially available not just to researchers, but to everyone, yet there are still barriers to be overcome in terms of technical infrastructures, points of access, digital and cultural divide.

The mission of libraries, as stated by IFLA Manifesto for Digital Libraries and IFLA/FAIFECode of Ethics for Librarians and other Information Workers, converges with the mission and ethics of the BBB declarations on Open Access: it is about delivering information to everyone, from scholars to the “curious minds”, and librarians can be mediators in the wide diffusion, at all levels of society, of scientific, scholarly knowledge, to foster “active” and “scientific” citizenship.
description: Slides supporting the 10- min presentation
Tax Planning Under the Destination Based Cash Flow Tax: A Guide for Policymakers and Practitioners
Creators: name: Miller, David S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Cash flow--Taxation
Taxation--Government policy
Taxation--Law and legislation
Economic policy
Tax planning

description: This essay describes some basic tax-planning strategies under the destination based cash flow tax (DBCFT) proposed as part of the “Blueprint” published by the Committee on Ways & Means of the House of Representatives. 1 This article is designed first for policymakers so that they can either correct or confirm the strategies I describe, and second for the practitioners and taxpayers that will navigate the DBCFT if it is enacted.

A central theme of the discussion that follows is that the DBCFT contained in the Blueprint is not the “pure” DBCFT proposed by economists.2 Instead, it is a hybrid that incorporates aspects of the pure DBCFT, but also elements of our current income tax. Many of the planning opportunities under the DBCFT arise because of its hybrid nature.
An Analysis of the House GOP Tax Plan
Creators: name: Burman, Leonard E.
name: Nunns, James R.
name: Page, Benjamin R.
name: Rohaly, Jeffrey
name: Rosenberg, Joseph
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Taxation--Government policy
Taxation--Law and legislation
Federal government

description: This paper analyzes the House GOP tax reform blueprint, which would significantly reduce marginal tax rates, increase standard deduction amounts, repeal personal exemptions and most itemized deductions, and convert business taxation into a destination-based cash flow consumption tax.  Taxes would drop at all income levels in 2017, but the highest-income households would gain the most.  Federal revenues would fall by $3.1 trillion over the first decade (static) and $3.0 trillion after accounting for macroeconomic feedback effects.  Including added interest costs, the federal debt would rise by at least $3.6 trillion over the first decade and by as much as $9.2 trillion by the end of the second ten years.
Parnopes fischeri SPINOLA 1838
Creators: name: Madl, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Chrysididae
Parnopes
Parnopes fischeri

description: Parnopes fischeri SPINOLA, 1838
Parnopes fischeri SPINOLA, 1838: KIMSEY & BOHART 1990: 585 (world cat.).
Parnopes fischeri SPINOLA, 1838: MADL & ROSA 2012: 108-09 (cat. Afr. reg.).
* Parnopes apicalis n.sp.: WALKER 1871a: 6 (descr., Tadjoura).
Parnopes apicalis WALKER, 1871: MOCSÁRY 1889: 609 (original descr., world cat.).
Parnopes apicalis WALKER, 1871: DE DALLA TORRE 1892: 110 (world cat. (Djibouti, not Egypt)).
Parnopes apicalis WALKER, 1871: DU BUYSSON 1896 (In: DU BUYSSON 1891 -96): 685 (key, tax., descr. ♂, Tadjoura).
Parnopes apicalis WALKER, 1781: BRAUNS 1901: 291 (? syn.).
Parnopes apicalis WALKER, 1871: BISCHOFF 1913: 32 (world cat. (Djibouti, not Red Sea)).
Parnopes apicalis WALKER, 1871: KIMSEY 1986: 109 (type design. (Djibouti, not Egypt)).
Parnopes apicalis WALKER, 1871: KIMSEY & BOHART 1990: 585 (syn.).
Parnopes (Parnopes) apicalis WALKER, 1871: LINSENMAIER 1999: 257 (tax.).
* Parnopes viridis (BRULLÉ, 1846): DU BUYSSON 1898b: 545 (tax., Djibouti).
Parnopes viridis (BRULLÉ, 1846): DU BUYSSON 1898c: 272 (cat. Djibouti).
Parnopes viridis (BRULLÉ, 1846): DU BUYSSON 1899: 169 (Djibouti).
* Parnopes sp.: INNES BEY 1911: 108 (without locality, cat. Lord Collection).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Djibouti, Tadjoura.
Parnopes fischeri is recorded from the Afrotropical (Djibouti, Namibia, South Africa and Sudan) and Palaearctic regions. The lectotype designation of Parnopes apicalis (KIMSEY 1986: 109) should be checked, because the type locality Tadjoura is situated in Djibouti and not in Egypt. DU BUYSSON (1896: 686) has seen the type specimen in Cairo, which is missing the head, but the description of the head made by W.F. Kirby is based on a specimen housed in the Natural History Museum in London.
description: Published as part of Madl, Michael, 2018, A preliminary catalogue of the Hymenoptera (Insecta) of the Republic of Djibouti, pp. 907-967 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 916, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3776452
Volume Cauchy formulas for slice functions on real associative *-algebras
Creators: name: Ghiloni, Riccardo
name: Perotti, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30G35 (Primary) 32A30, 30E20, 13J30 (Secondary)

description: We introduce a family of Cauchy integral formulas for slice and slice regular functions on a real associative *-algebra. For each suitable choice of a real vector subspace of the algebra, a different formula is given, in which the domains of integration are subsets of the subspace. In particular, in the quaternionic case, we get a volume Cauchy formula. In the Clifford algebra case, the choice of the paravector subspace R^(n+1) gives a volume Cauchy formula for slice monogenic functions.
Problems with Destination-Based Corporate Taxes and the Ryan Blueprint
Creators: name: Avi-Yonah, Reuven S.
name: Clausing, Kimberly
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Corporations--Taxation--Government policy
Business tax
Taxation--Law and legislation

description: With the election of Donald Trump and the Republican Party’s domination of Congress, House Speaker Paul Ryan’s blueprint for fundamental tax reform requires more careful analysis.  The Ryan blueprint combines reduced individual rates with a destination-based cash flow type business tax applicable to all businesses.  The destination-based business tax at the center of the blueprint has several major problems: It is incompatible with our WTO obligations, it is incompatible with our tax treaties, and it will not eliminate the problems of income shifting and inversions it is designed to address.  In addition, these proposals generate vexing technical problems that are not easily fixed as well as significant political problems.  Finally, due to the tax rates that have been proposed, the plan is likely to generate large revenue losses and a less progressive tax system. We conclude by recommending better tax policy solutions to our current corporate tax problems.
title: Collaborative process tools: a variety of elements to build collaborative capacity
title: Introduction to a variety of collaborative process tools
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Thompson, Jessica Leigh
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2009
Subjects: scenario planning
world café
community weaving
public conversations project
community summits
futures search
open space technology
participatory modeling

description: Presented at the Bridging the gap: collaborative conservation from the ground up conference, September 8-11, 2009, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, sponsored by the Center for Collaborative Conservation, https://collaborativeconservation.org/. This conference brought together people with experience working collaboratively to achieve both conservation and livelihood goals in tribal nations, rangelands, forests, watersheds, agricultural lands, and urban areas. The presenter is assistant professor at Department of Human Dimensions of Natural Resources, Colorado State University.
title: CT-perfusion in differential diagnostic of renal tumors
Creators: name: Golbitc, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Prospective
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Cancer
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Comparative studies
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Oncology
subject: Kidney
subject: Abdomen
subject: Oncologic Imaging

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Renal masses vary widely in histology and aggressiveness, and include benign renal tumors and renal cell carcinomas that can be either indolent or aggressive. Most of them are indeterminate at CT and MRI and can present as diagnostic dilemmas for...
The Vertical X-shaped Structure in the Milky Way: Evidence from a Simple Boxy Bulge Model
Creators: name: Li, Zhao-Yu
name: Shen, Juntai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A vertical X-shaped structure was recently reported in the Galactic bulge. Here we present evidence of a similar X-shaped structure in the Shen et al. (2010) bar/boxy bulge model that simultaneously matches the stellar kinematics successfully. The X-shaped structure is found in the central region of our bar/boxy bulge model, and is qualitatively consistent with the observed one in many aspects. End-to-end separations of the X-shaped structure in the radial and vertical directions are roughly 3 kpc and 1.8 kpc, respectively. The X-shaped structure contains about 7% of light in the boxy bulge region, but it is significant enough to be identified in observations. An X-shaped structure naturally arises in the formation of bar/boxy bulges, and is mainly associated with orbits trapped around the vertically-extended x_1 family. Like the bar in our model, the X-shaped structure tilts away from the Sun--Galactic center line by 20 degrees. The X-shaped structure becomes increasingly symmetric about the disk plane, so the observed symmetry may indicate that it formed at least a few billion years ago. The existence of the vertical X-shaped structure suggests that the formation of the Milky Way bulge is shaped mainly by internal disk dynamical instabilities.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJL; minor changes after the referee's report; 6 pages; emulateapj format
Metasguardo
Creators: name: Laschera, Enrica
name: Liccardo, Raffaele
name: Mariuccini, Michela
name: Monarca, Leonardo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Mostra digitale
Sguardo
Arte contemporanea
Digital humanities

description: Mostra virtuale di un viaggio direzionato, ciclico ma cronologicamente determinato tra movimenti artistici contemporanei e opere che vanno controcorrente
description: Per avere più informazioni sulle opere visitare il sito ufficiale http://controcorrente406940612.wordpress.com/
Consequences of local inter-strand dehybridization for large-amplitude bending fluctuations of double-stranded DNA
Creators: name: Sivak, David A.
name: Geissler, Phillip L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The wormlike chain (WLC) model of DNA bending accurately reproduces single-molecule force-extension profiles of long (kilobase) chains. These bending statistics over large scales do not, however, establish a unique microscopic model for elasticity at the 1-10 bp scale, which holds particular interest in biological contexts. Here we examine a class of microscopic models which allow for disruption of base pairing (i.e., a `melt' or `kink', generically an `excitation') and consequently enhanced local flexibility. We first analyze the effect on the excitation free energy of integrating out the spatial degrees of freedom in a wormlike chain. Based on this analysis, we present a formulation of these models that ensures consistency with the well-established thermodynamics of melting in long chains. Using a new method to calculate cyclization statistics of short chains from enhanced-sampling Monte Carlo simulations, we compute J-factors of a meltable wormlike chain (MWLC) over a broad range of chain lengths, including very short molecules (30 bp) that have not yet been explored experimentally. For chains longer than about 120 bp, including most molecules studied to date in the laboratory, we find that melting excitations have little impact on cyclization kinetics. Strong signatures of melting, which might be resolved within typical experimental scatter, emerge only for shorter chains.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Using temporally resolved floral resource maps to explain bumblebee colony performance in agricultural landscapes
Creators: name: Eckerter, Philipp Wolfgang
name: Albus, Lars
name: Sharumathi Natarajan
name: Albrecht, Matthias
name: Ammann, Lolita
name: Gobet, Erika
name: Herzog, Felix
name: Tinner, Willy
name: Entling, Martin H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 50102 Ecosystem Function
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Palynology
subject: 50104 Landscape Ecology
subject: 50202 Conservation and Biodiversity
subject: 50205 Environmental Management
subject: Environmental Science

description: Online Supplementary Material showing supplementary figures and tables as well as used data and R code that support our findings
A Guide to the Guide to the Republican Better Way Plan
Creators: name: Raskolnikov, Alex
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Taxation--Law and legislation
Taxation--Government policy

description: This special Issue of the Columbia Journal of Tax Law is bound to have both an immediate impact and a lasting significance.  The immediate impact is assured because the sole focus of this Issue is the tax plan proposed by the Congressional Republicans as part of their broad reform agenda called A Better Way: Our Vision For A Confident America.[1]  As this Issue goes to print, the Better Way Plan (or the Plan for short) is being debated in the White House, on Capitol Hill, in the press, in academic circles, think tanks, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, and all major law and accounting firms, as well as in many other places.  For anyone thinking through the implications of the Plan, this Issue is a must read.

At the same time, the contributions in this Issue will provide a lasting benefit to the tax policy community.  Even though the intellectual foundations of the tax system proposed in the Plan were laid decades ago, the core ideas underlying the Plan have never been considered, tested, and scrutinized nearly as rigorously and comprehensively as they are now.  Simply put, the level of intellectual capital that is being invested in analyzing the Plan is extraordinary.  This Issue combines some of the best applied work on the subject to date.  So it will benefit academics, policymakers, and practitioners thinking about the tax systems similar to the one proposed in the Plan for decades to come.

This Issue is a guide to the Plan based on what we know so far, and this Introduction is a guide to the Issue.
title: Comparing the Healthcare Costs of First-Line CT Colonography versus Optical Colonoscopy in Patients with Low-to-Intermediate Risk Colorectal Cancer
Creators: name: Cleary, Jon
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: GI Tract
subject: Colon
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: CT-Colonography
subject: Colonography CT
subject: Cost-effectiveness
subject: Endoscopy
subject: Economics
subject: Prospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The management of suspected colorectal cancer (CRC) remains challenging due to: CRC is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. It is the third most common cancer in the UK, with an annual incidence of over 40,000 new cases....
The Known Unknowns of the Business Tax Reforms Proposed in the House Republican Blueprint
Creators: name: Graetz, Michael J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Corporations--Taxation--Government policy
Taxation--Law and legislation
Business tax

description: In 2002, referring to Iraq and its relationship to terrorism, Donald Rumsfeld declared “that there are known knowns, there are things we know we know. We also know that there are known-unknowns, that is to say we know there are some things that we do not know, but there are also unknown-unknowns—the ones that we don’t know we don’t know.” There was nothing new in what Rumsfeld said, and some thought he was uttering evasive gibberish, but Rumsfeld’s classifications are quite useful. Exploring known unknowns is, for example, much of the work of science. Donald Rumsfeld turned out to be a better epistemologist than a defense secretary. I shall begin briefly with some known knowns about the House Blueprint’s proposal then turn to known unknowns.

The business tax reform proposed in the Blueprint looks very much like a reform of the corporate income tax, but in reality it is closer to a repeal of the corporate income tax and the substitution of a cousin to a value-added tax (VAT). The Blueprint does retain some income tax features not found in a VAT; the taxation of net investment income and retention of flow through treatment of partnerships are important examples. The fact that the Republican proposal is more like a value-added tax than an income tax is difficult to explain to the public. Nevertheless, it is important to understand that the House Republican business tax reform—often referred to as a destinationbased cash-flow tax (DBCFT)—is equivalent to a subtractionmethod valued-added tax with a deduction for wages.
Visualizing collaborative conservation: a picture is really worth a thousand words!
Creators: name: Bentrup, Gary
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2009
Subjects: collaborative conservation
visual simulations
CanVis Visual Simulation Kit

description: Presented at the Bridging the gap: collaborative conservation from the ground up conference, September 8-11, 2009, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, sponsored by the Center for Collaborative Conservation, https://collaborativeconservation.org/. This conference brought together people with experience working collaboratively to achieve both conservation and livelihood goals in tribal nations, rangelands, forests, watersheds, agricultural lands, and urban areas. The presenter is affiliated with USDA National Agroforestry Center, U.S. Forest Service.
description: One of the main challenges facing collaborative conservation efforts is the need to clearly communicate land management alternatives with diverse stakeholders and to engage all participants in shaping these alternatives into a mutually agreeable plan of action. Despite the use of GIS maps, management plans, and engineering drawings, many stakeholders still have difficulty in conceptualizing what a proposed conservation action will actually look like on the landscape. This lack of understanding often creates impassable barriers in the collaborative planning process and is exacerbated by the long-term commitment that many conservation actions require from stakeholders. Stakeholders often lament if they could only see a picture of the proposed action to aid in their decision making. Collaborative initiatives now have a tool to translate these plans into real-life pictures or images called visual simulations. Visual simulations are digital images which have been altered to illustrate conservation alternatives. Using image-editing software and a digital image of the project area, photo-realistic conservation alternatives can be "created" through the addition or removal of vegetation and other landscape objects. In a relatively short time, conservation alternatives addressing invasive species, forest health, riparian restoration, and other issues can be illustrated at various stages of development, compositions, and arrangements on the landscape. The USDA National Agroforestry Center has developed the CanVis Visual Simulation Kit consisting of CanVis, an image-editing software program designed specifically for conservation applications, and the Visual Simulation Guide, a multi-media reference manual on how to create simulations for natural resource planning. This free tool enables resource professionals to readily show how science is translated into management practices and alternatives on the ground and helps reduce any socio-economic or language barriers, a particularly valuable attribute in today's diverse and sometimes contentious planning environment. Visual simulations promote sustainability by communicating ideas clearly, by inviting feedback on the alternatives, and by instilling a sense of shared ownership in the conservation system so that it is supported and maintained for long run.
Mantle geoneutrinos in KamLAND and Borexino
Creators: name: Fiorentini, G.
name: Fogli, G. L.
name: Lisi, E.
name: Mantovani, F.
name: Rotunno, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The KamLAND and Borexino experiments have observed, each at ~4 sigma level, signals of electron antineutrinos produced in the decay chains of thorium and uranium in the Earth's crust and mantle (Th and U geoneutrinos). Various pieces of geochemical and geophysical information allow an estimation of the crustal geoneutrino flux components with relatively small uncertainties. The mantle component may then be inferred by subtracting the estimated crustal flux from the measured total flux. To this purpose, we analyze in detail the experimental Th and U geoneutrino event rates in KamLAND and Borexino, including neutrino oscillation effects. We estimate the crustal flux at the two detector sites, using state-of-the-art information about the Th and U distribution on global and local scales. We find that crust-subtracted signals show hints of a residual mantle component, emerging at ~2.4 sigma level by combining the KamLAND and Borexino data. The inferred mantle flux slightly favors scenarios with relatively high Th and U abundances, within +-1 sigma uncertainties comparable to the spread of predictions from recent mantle models.
description: Slight changes and improvements in the text & figures. Results unchanged. To appear in Phys. Rev. D
title: Diagnostic value of cardiothoracic ratio compared with cardiac magnetic resonance findings
Creators: name: Simkus, Paulius
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Retrospective
subject: Dilatation
subject: Comparative studies
subject: MR
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Cardiac

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Introduction/Background Historically, cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) of 0.5 or more on a posterior-anterior (PA) chest radiograph (CXR) has been representative of cardiomegaly [1,2,3]. This assertion has been investigated closer in recent years, with a...
title: Ferumoxytol MR Angiography vs CT Angiography for the Assessment of Potential Kidney Transplant Recipients
Creators: name: Black, Douglas
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Vascular
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Kidney
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Arterial access
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Calcifications / Calculi
subject: Transplantation
subject: Prospective
subject: Experimental
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA)is amodality which can be used in the evaluation ofthe aortoiliac arterial and venous vasculature in renal transplant recipients prior to transplantation. It provides adeuqate anatomical detail without exposing...
The Status Quo of Racial Discrimination in Japan and the Republic of Korea and the Need to Provide for Anti-Discrimination Laws
Creators: name: Yi, Yujin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Race discrimination--Law and legislation
subject: Race relations--Law and legislation
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Japan and the Republic of Korea, two neighboring nations situated in East Asia, have homogenous demographics.  Both societies face large influxes of foreigners—from immigration and tourism alike—due to various factors ranging from rapidly aging populations, low birth rates, and globalization.  Despite this, neither country has sufficient legal means of halting racially discriminatory practices that occur within them.  This Note illustrates the rampant nature of racial discrimination in Japan and the Republic of Korea, analyzes the current state of their anti-discrimination laws, argues that the existing legal protections for foreigners against racial discrimination are inadequate at best, and finally, urges that the two governments adopt available means to improve upon the situation.
title: Gender-related brain differences in RR-MS and their contribution to the pathogenesis of motor disability.
Creators: name: Tommasino, Emanuele
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Neuro
subject: Anatomy
subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Inflammation
subject: Prospective

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most common Central Nervous System (CNS) disorder affecting young and middle-aged adults[1]. MS is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory disease characterized by a wide variety of neurological symptoms and signs...
African Immigrants, Intersectionality, and the Increasing Need for Visibility in the Current Immigration Debate
Creators: name: Kolawole, Bolatito
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Intersectionality (Sociology)
Emigration and immigration law
Africans
African Americans--Legal status, laws, etc.
Race relations--Law and legislation

description: Africans are one of the fastest growing immigrant groups in the United States, yet their presence receives very little attention in public discourse about immigration.  In an era where America’s immigration policies have grown increasingly insular, African immigrants are particularly at risk of having measures that historically facilitated their entry into the United States, stripped away without recognition of the benefit they pose to them.

This Note argues that the intersectional identity of Black African immigrants, being Black and foreign, renders them effectively invisible in the immigration debate and vulnerable to policies that affect them both due to their Blackness as well as their status as foreigners.  It proposes that the Intersectionality framework can serve as a useful tool to shed light on the unique concerns of African immigrants and create policies that directly address them.

Part II of this Note provides a background into the history of African immigration in the United States.  Part III introduces the theory of Intersectionality and demonstrates its applicability in the immigration law Context.  Finally, Part IV applies Intersectionality theory to explore the unique harms that African immigrants face in the current Immigration landscape.
Fluctuation, Dissipation and the Arrow of Time
Creators: name: Campisi, Michele
name: Hänggi, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent development of the theory of fluctuation relations has led to new insights into the ever-lasting question of how irreversible behavior emerges from time-reversal symmetric microscopic dynamics. We provide an introduction to fluctuation relations, examine their relation to dissipation and discuss their impact on the arrow of time question.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures. Minor Revisions. Accepted for publication in Entropy, Special Issue "Arrow of Time", edited by C. Callender