cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Profit maximization via capacity control for distribution logistics problems
Creators: name: Giallombardo, Giovanni
name: Guerriero, Francesca
name: Miglionico, Giovanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a distribution logistics scenario where a shipping operator, managing a limited amount of resources, receives a stream of collection requests, issued by a set of customers along a booking time-horizon, that are referred to a future operational period. The shipping operator must then decide about accepting or rejecting each incoming request at the time it is issued, accounting for revenues, but also considering resource consumptions. In this context, the decision process is based on dynamically finding the best trade-off between the immediate return of accepting the request and the convenience of preserving capacity to possibly exploit more valuable future requests. We give a dynamic formulation of the problem aimed at maximizing the operator revenues, accounting also for the operational distribution costs. Due to the "curse of dimensionality", the dynamic program cannot be solved optimally. For this reason, we propose a mixed-integer linear programming approximation, whose exact or approximate solutions provide the relevant information to apply some commonplace revenue management policies in the real-time decision-making. Adopting a capacitated vehicle routing problem as an underlying distribution application, we analyze the computational behaviour of the proposed techniques on a set of academic test problems.
Combinatorial structure of the parameter plane of the family $λ\tan z^2$
Creators: name: Nandi, Santanu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we will discuss combinatorial structure of the parameter plane of the family $ \mathcal F = \{ λ\tan z^2: λ\in \mathbb C^*, \ z \in \mathbb C\}.$ The parameter space contains components where the dynamics are conjugate on their Julia sets. The complement of these components is the bifurcation locus. These are the hyperbolic components where the post-singular set is disjoint from the Julia set. We prove that all hyperbolic components are bounded except the four components of period one and they are all simply connected.
description: Not relevant
Convergence of eigenstate expectation values with system size
Creators: name: Huang, Yichen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the asymptotic behavior of physical quantities in the thermodynamic limit is a fundamental problem in statistical mechanics. In this paper, we study how fast the eigenstate expectation values of a local operator converge to a smooth function of energy density as the system size diverges. In translation-invariant quantum lattice systems in any spatial dimension, we prove that for all but a measure zero set of local operators, the deviations of finite-size eigenstate expectation values from the aforementioned smooth function are lower bounded by $1/O(N)$, where $N$ is the system size. The lower bound holds regardless of the integrability or chaoticity of the model, and is saturated in systems satisfying the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis.
description: v2: published version. 42-min video presentation: https://youtu.be/pjSbymXZBYM
Blow-up criteria for the Navier-Stokes equations in non-endpoint critical Besov spaces
Creators: name: Albritton, Dallas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q30

description: We obtain an improved blow-up criterion for solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations in critical Besov spaces. If a mild solution $u$ has maximal existence time $T^* < \infty$, then the non-endpoint critical Besov norms must become infinite at the blow-up time: $$ \lim_{t \uparrow T^*} \lVert{u(\cdot,t)}\rVert_{\dot B^{-1+3/p}_{p,q}(\mathbb{R}^3)} = \infty, \quad 3 < p,q < \infty. $$ In particular, we introduce a priori estimates for the solution based on elementary splittings of initial data in critical Besov spaces and energy methods. These estimates allow us to rescale around a potential singularity and apply backward uniqueness arguments. The proof does not use profile decomposition.
description: To appear in Analysis & PDE
When is the Albanese morphism an algebraic fiber space in positive characteristic?
Creators: name: Ejiri, Sho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D06, 14J40

description: In this paper, we study the Albanese morphisms in positive characteristic. We prove that the Albanese morphism of a variety with nef anti-canonical divisor is an algebraic fiber space, under the assumption that the general fiber is $F$-pure. Furthermore, we consider a notion of $F$-splitting for morphisms, and investigate it of the Albanese morphisms. We show that an $F$-split variety has $F$-split Albanese morphism, and that the $F$-split Albanese morphism is an algebraic fiber space. As an application, we provide a new characterization of abelian varieties.
description: 24 pages, v2: an error in Proposition 5.11 corrected, and the proof of Lemma 4.5 corrected
Use of Nash equilibrium in finding game theoretic robust security bound on quantum bit error rate
Creators: name: Dutta, Arindam
name: Pathak, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nash equilibrium is employed to find a game theoretic robust security bound on quantum bit error rate (QBER) for DL04 protocol which is a scheme for quantum secure direct communication that has been experimentally realized recently. The receiver, sender and eavesdropper (Eve) are considered to be quantum players (players having the capability to perform quantum operations). Specifically, Eve is considered to have the capability of performing quantum attacks (e.g., Wójcik's original attack, Wójcik's symmetrized attack and Pavičić attack) and classical intercept and resend attack. Game theoretic analysis of the security of DL04 protocol in the above scenario is performed by considering several game scenarios. The analysis revealed the absence of a Pareto optimal Nash equilibrium point within these game scenarios. Consequently, mixed strategy Nash equilibrium points are identified and employed to establish both upper and lower bounds for QBER. Further, the vulnerability of the DL04 protocol to Pavičić attack in the message mode is established. In addition, it is observed that the quantum attacks performed by Eve are more powerful than the classical attack, as the QBER value and the probability of detecting Eve's presence are found to be lower in quantum attacks compared to classical ones.
description: Quantum Game, Quantum Secure Direct Communication (QSDC), Nash Equilibrium, Secure QBER Bound Estimation
Large genus asymptotics for lengths of separating closed geodesics on random surfaces
Creators: name: Nie, Xin
name: Wu, Yunhui
name: Xue, Yuhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we investigate basic geometric quantities of a random hyperbolic surface of genus $g$ with respect to the Weil-Petersson measure on the moduli space $\mathcal{M}_g$. We show that as $g$ goes to infinity, a generic surface $X\in \mathcal{M}_g$ satisfies asymptotically: (1) the separating systole of $X$ is about $2\log g$; (2) there is a half-collar of width about $\frac{\log g}{2}$ around a separating systolic curve of $X$; (3) the length of shortest separating closed multi-geodesics of $X$ is about $2\log g$. As applications, we also discuss the asymptotic behavior of the extremal separating systole, the non-simple systole and the expectation value of lengths of shortest separating closed multi-geodesics as $g$ goes to infinity.
description: Journal of Topology, to appear, 64 pages, 11 figures
Boosted KZ and LLL Algorithms
Creators: name: Lyu, Shanxiang
name: Ling, Cong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There exist two issues among popular lattice reduction (LR) algorithms that should cause our concern. The first one is Korkine-Zolotarev (KZ) and Lenstra-Lenstra-Lovasz (LLL) algorithms may increase the lengths of basis vectors. The other is KZ reduction suffers much worse performance than Minkowski reduction in terms of providing short basis vectors, despite its superior theoretical upper bounds. To address these limitations, we improve the size reduction steps in KZ and LLL to set up two new efficient algorithms, referred to as boosted KZ and LLL, for solving the shortest basis problem (SBP) with exponential and polynomial complexity, respectively. Both of them offer better actual performance than their classic counterparts, and the performance bounds for KZ are also improved. We apply them to designing integer-forcing (IF) linear receivers for multi-input multi-output (MIMO) communications. Our simulations confirm their rate and complexity advantages.
description: MATLAB codes are available in: https://codeocean.com/2017/06/22/boosted-korkine-zolotarev-lpar-kz-rpar-and-lenstra-ndash-lenstra-ndash-lov%C3%A1sz-lpar-lll-rpar-algorithms/code
Surprises from Complete Vector Portal Theories: New Insights into the Dark Sector and its Interplay with Higgs Physics
Creators: name: Cui, Yanou
name: D'Eramo, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study UV complete theories where the Standard Model (SM) gauge group is extended with a new abelian $U(1)$, and the field content is augmented by an arbitrary number of scalar and fermion SM singlets, potentially including dark matter (DM) candidates. Considerations such as classical and quantum gauge invariance of the full theory and S-matrix unitarity, not applicable within a simplified model approach, are shown to have significant phenomenological consequences. The lack of gauge anomalies leads to compact relations among the $U(1)$ fermion charges, and puts a lower bound on the number of dark fermions. Contrary to naive expectations, the DM annihilation to Zh is found to be p-wave suppressed, as hinted by perturbative unitarity of S-matrix, with dramatic implications for DM thermal relic density and indirect searches. Within this framework, the interplay between dark matter, new vector boson and Higgs physics is rather natural and generic.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; v2: minor corrections, references added, journal version
Principal curvatures and parallel surfaces of wave fronts
Creators: name: Teramoto, Keisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R45, 53A05, 58K05

description: We give criteria for which a principal curvature becomes a bounded $C^\infty$-function at non-degenerate singular points of wave fronts by using geometric invariants. As applications, we study singularities of parallel surfaces and extended distance squared functions of wave fronts. Moreover, we relate these singularities to some geometric invariants of fronts.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
DSC #10: Heather Likes Principal Component Analysis
Creators: name: Froehlich, Heather
name: Algee-Hewitt, Mark
name: Dombrowski, Quinn
name: Bowers, Katherine
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Digital humanities
subject: Text data mining
subject: Children's literature, American
subject: Principal components analysis

description: In DSC #10: Heather Likes Principal Component Analysis, guest Data-Sitter Heather Froehlich explains principal component analysis to Quinn Dombrowski and Katia Bowers, who work with Mark Algee-Hewitt to make sense of the results they get for the Baby-Sitters Club corpus.
Affine deformations of quasi-divisible convex cones
Creators: name: Nie, Xin
name: Seppi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For any subgroup of $\mathrm{SL}(3,\mathbb{R})\ltimes\mathbb{R}^3$ obtained by adding a translation part to a subgroup of $\mathrm{SL}(3,\mathbb{R})$ which is the fundamental group of a finite-volume convex projective surface, we first show that under a natural condition on the translation parts of parabolic elements, the affine action of the group on $\mathbb{R}^3$ has convex domains of discontinuity that are regular in a certain sense, generalizing a result of Mess for globally hyperbolic flat spacetimes. We then classify all these domains and show that the quotient of each of them is an affine manifold foliated by convex surfaces with constant affine Gaussian curvature. The proof is based on a correspondence between the geometry of an affine space endowed with a convex cone and the geometry of a convex tube domain. As an independent result, we show that the moduli space of such groups is a vector bundle over the moduli space of finite-volume convex projective structures, with rank equaling the dimension of the Teichmüller space.
description: 37 pages, 6 figures. Comments welcome
Proximal Policy Optimization with Relative Pearson Divergence
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Taisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The recent remarkable progress of deep reinforcement learning (DRL) stands on regularization of policy for stable and efficient learning. A popular method, named proximal policy optimization (PPO), has been introduced for this purpose. PPO clips density ratio of the latest and baseline policies with a threshold, while its minimization target is unclear. As another problem of PPO, the symmetric threshold is given numerically while the density ratio itself is in asymmetric domain, thereby causing unbalanced regularization of the policy. This paper therefore proposes a new variant of PPO by considering a regularization problem of relative Pearson (RPE) divergence, so-called PPO-RPE. This regularization yields the clear minimization target, which constrains the latest policy to the baseline one. Through its analysis, the intuitive threshold-based design consistent with the asymmetry of the threshold and the domain of density ratio can be derived. Through four benchmark tasks, PPO-RPE performed as well as or better than the conventional methods in terms of the task performance by the learned policy.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures (accepted for ICRA2021)
Some remarks on $K_0$ of noncommutative tori
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Sayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using Rieffel's construction of projective modules over higher dimensional noncommutative tori, we construct projective modules over some continuous field of C*-algebras whose fibers are noncommutative tori. Using a result of Echterhoff et al., our construction gives generators of $K_0$ of all noncommutative tori.
description: In Section 3, Lemma 3.2 has been added along with other minor changes. Section 4 has been expanded. 11 pages
Revisiting Deep Neural Network Test Coverage from the Test Effectiveness Perspective
Creators: name: Yan, Ming
name: Chen, Junjie
name: Cao, Xuejie
name: Wu, Zhuo
name: Kang, Yuning
name: Wang, Zan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many test coverage metrics have been proposed to measure the Deep Neural Network (DNN) testing effectiveness, including structural coverage and non-structural coverage. These test coverage metrics are proposed based on the fundamental assumption: they are correlated with test effectiveness. However, the fundamental assumption is still not validated sufficiently and reasonably, which brings question on the usefulness of DNN test coverage. This paper conducted a revisiting study on the existing DNN test coverage from the test effectiveness perspective, to effectively validate the fundamental assumption. Here, we carefully considered the diversity of subjects, three test effectiveness criteria, and both typical and state-of-the-art test coverage metrics. Different from all the existing studies that deliver negative conclusions on the usefulness of existing DNN test coverage, we identified some positive conclusions on their usefulness from the test effectiveness perspective. In particular, we found the complementary relationship between structural and non-structural coverage and identified the practical usage scenarios and promising research directions for these existing test coverage metrics.
description: Accepted by Journal of Software: Evolution and Process
Field test of mode-pairing quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Zhu, Hao-Tao
name: Huang, Yizhi
name: Pan, Wen-Xin
name: Zhou, Chao-Wu
name: Tang, Jianjun
name: He, Hong
name: Cheng, Ming
name: Jin, Xiandu
name: Zou, Mi
name: Tang, Shibiao
name: Ma, Xiongfeng
name: Chen, Teng-Yun
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum key distribution is a cornerstone of quantum technology, offering information-theoretical secure keys for remote parties. With many quantum communication networks established globally, the mode-pairing protocol stands out for its efficacy over inter-city distances using simple setups, emerging as a promising solution. In this study, we employ the mode-pairing scheme into existing inter-city fiber links, conducting field tests across distances ranging from tens to about a hundred kilometers. Our system achieves a key rate of $1.217$ kbit/s in a $195.85$ km symmetric link and $3.089$ kbit/s in a $127.92$ km asymmetric link without global phase locking. The results demonstrate that the mode-pairing protocol can achieve key rates comparable to those of a single quantum link between two trusted nodes on the Beijing-Shanghai backbone line, effectively reducing the need for half of the trusted nodes. These field tests confirm the mode-pairing scheme's adaptability, efficiency, and practicality, positioning it as a highly suitable protocol for quantum networks.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, 6 tables
Inter-chain Interactions, Multi-magnon condensation and Strain effect in chain compound NaVOPO$_4$
Creators: name: Gupta, Manoj
name: Routh, Manodip
name: Kumar, Manoranjan
name: Dasgupta, Tanusri Saha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing first-principles modelling and many-body methods, the magnetic properties of spin-1/2 chain compound NaVOPO$_4$ are explored. The extensive first-principles calculations establish an intricate three-dimensionally coupled model that consists of weakly alternating $J$-$J^{\prime}$ antiferromagnetic chains running along cris-cross directions between two consecutive $ab$ planes, connected via two subleading couplings, a ferromagnetic exchange along the $c$ direction ($J_c$) and a weaker antiferromagnetic exchange ($J_a$) along the body diagonal direction. The exact diagonalization and density matrix renormalized group study has been carried out on a two-dimensional spin model with $J$-$J^{\prime}$-$J_c$ and effective $J_d$ couplings, constructed based on the full model, for numerical ease. The $J_c$-$J_d$ phase diagram is found to host a {\it disorder} phase with a finite spin gap for comparable values of $J_c$ and $J_d$, arising out of the competing nature of these two interactions, other than two ordered phases. The calculated thermodynamic properties of this model provide a fair description of experimentally measured data. The predominant manifestation of $J_c$ and $J_d$ in the disorder phase happens in the stabilisation of a multi-magnon condensed phase, upon gap closing by application of an external magnetic field. We further explore the effect of tensile uniaxial strain, which is found to drive the system from gapful to gapless ground state.
A Rough Path Perspective on Renormalization
Creators: name: Bruned, Yvain
name: Chevyrev, Ilya
name: Friz, Peter K.
name: Preiss, Rosa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop the algebraic theory of rough path translation. Particular attention is given to the case of branched rough paths, whose underlying algebraic structure (Connes-Kreimer, Grossman-Larson) makes it a useful model case of a regularity structure in the sense of Hairer. Pre-Lie structures are seen to play a fundamental rule which allow a direct understanding of the translated (i.e. renormalized) equation under consideration. This construction is also novel with regard to the algebraic renormalization theory for regularity structures due to Bruned--Hairer--Zambotti (2016), the links with which are discussed in detail.
description: Final version to appear in Journal of Functional Analysis
SALR: Sharpness-aware Learning Rate Scheduler for Improved Generalization
Creators: name: Yue, Xubo
name: Nouiehed, Maher
name: Kontar, Raed Al
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In an effort to improve generalization in deep learning and automate the process of learning rate scheduling, we propose SALR: a sharpness-aware learning rate update technique designed to recover flat minimizers. Our method dynamically updates the learning rate of gradient-based optimizers based on the local sharpness of the loss function. This allows optimizers to automatically increase learning rates at sharp valleys to increase the chance of escaping them. We demonstrate the effectiveness of SALR when adopted by various algorithms over a broad range of networks. Our experiments indicate that SALR improves generalization, converges faster, and drives solutions to significantly flatter regions.
Protocol for Adaptive Emission Reduction Approach (AERA) simulations
Creators: name: Thomas, Frölicher
name: Jens, Terhaar
name: Fortunat, Joos
name: Yona, Silvy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Protocol
Emission scenarios
Paris Agreement
Earth system models

description: The document describes the updated protocol for the Adaptive Emission Reduction Approach simulations version 2.0. Anthropogenic temperature is now estimated with a simple extended 31-yr running mean of GSAT instead of using the fit method on the radiative forcing.
Delayed interactions in the noisy voter model through the periodic polling mechanism
Creators: name: Kononovicius, Aleksejus
name: Astrauskas, Rokas
name: Radavičius, Marijus
name: Ivanauskas, Feliksas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of delayed interactions on the stationary distribution of the noisy voter model. We assume that the delayed interactions occur through the periodic polling mechanism and replace the original instantaneous two-agent interactions. In our analysis, we require that the polling period aligns with the delay in announcing poll outcomes. As expected, when the polling period is relatively short, the model with delayed interactions is almost equivalent to the original model. As the polling period increases, oscillatory behavior emerges, but the model with delayed interactions still converges to stationary distribution. The stationary distribution resembles a Beta-binomial distribution, with its shape parameters scaling with the polling period. The observed scaling behavior is non-monotonic. Namely, the shape parameters peak at some intermediate polling period.
description: submitted; 22 pages, 11 figures, 54 references
Dichotomy Between Orbital and Magnetic Nematic Instabilities in BaFe2S3
Creators: name: Hosoi, Suguru
name: Aoyama, Takuya
name: Ishida, Kousuke
name: Mizukami, Yuta
name: Hashizume, Kazuki
name: Imaizumi, Satoshi
name: Imai, Yoshinori
name: Ohgushi, Kenya
name: Nambu, Yusuke
name: Kimata, Motoi
name: Kimura, Shojiro
name: Shibauchi, Takasada
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nematic orders emerge nearly universally in iron-based superconductors, but elucidating their origins is challenging because of intimate couplings between orbital and magnetic fluctuations. The iron-based ladder material BaFe2S3, which superconducts under pressure, exhibits antiferromagnetic order below TN ~ 117K and a weak resistivity anomaly at T* ~ 180K, whose nature remains elusive. Here we report angle-resolved magnetoresistance (MR) and elastoresistance (ER) measurements in BaFe2S3, which reveal distinct changes at T*. We find that MR anisotropy and ER nematic response are both suppressed near T*, implying that an orbital order promoting isotropic electronic states is stabilized at T*. Such an isotropic state below T* competes with the antiferromagnetic order, which is evidenced by the nonmonotonic temperature dependence of nematic fluctuations. In contrast to the cooperative nematic orders in spin and orbital channels in iron pnictides, the present competing orders can provide a new platform to identify the separate roles of orbital and magnetic fluctuations.
description: 7 pages 5 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. Res
The Carnegie-Chicago Hubble Program. II. The Distance to IC 1613: The Tip of the Red Giant Branch and RR Lyrae Period-Luminosity Relations
Creators: name: Hatt, Dylan
name: Beaton, Rachael L.
name: Freedman, Wendy L.
name: Madore, Barry F.
name: Jang, In Sung
name: Hoyt, Taylor J.
name: Lee, Myung Gyoon
name: Monson, Andrew J.
name: Rich, Jeffrey A.
name: Scowcroft, Victoria
name: Seibert, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: IC 1613 is an isolated dwarf galaxy within the Local Group. Low foreground and internal extinction, low metallicity, and low crowding make it an invaluable testbed for the calibration of the local distance ladder. We present new, high-fidelity distance estimates to IC 1613 via its Tip of the Red Giant Branch (TRGB) and its RR Lyrae (RRL) variables as part of the Carnegie-Chicago Hubble Program, which seeks an alternate local route to \ho using Population II stars. We have measured a TRGB magnitude I=20.35+/-0.01 (statistical)+/-0.01 (systematic) using wide-field observations obtained from the IMACS camera on the Magellan-Baade telescope. We have further constructed optical and near-infrared RRL light curves using archival BI- and new H- band observations from the ACS/WFC and WFC3/IR instruments aboard the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). In advance of future Gaia data releases, we set provisional values for the TRGB luminosity via the Large Magellanic Cloud and Galactic RRL zero-points via HST parallaxes. We find corresponding true distance moduli μ(TRGB)=24.30+/-0.03 (statistical)+/-0.05 (systematic) and μ(RRL)=24.28+/-0.04 (statistical+systematic). We compare our results to a body of recent publications on IC 1613 and find no statistically significant difference between the distances derived from stars of Population I and II.
Protocol for Adaptive Emission Reduction Approach (AERA) simulations
Creators: name: Thomas, Frölicher
name: Jens, Terhaar
name: Fortunat, Joos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Protocol
Emission scenarios
Paris Agreement
Earth system models

description: The document describes the protocol for the Adaptive Emission Reduction Approach simulations.
Understanding Quality Factor Degradation in Superconducting Niobium Cavities at Low Microwave Field Amplitudes
Creators: name: Romanenko, A.
name: Schuster, D. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In niobium superconducting radio frequency (SRF) accelerating cavities a decrease of the quality factor at lower fields - a so called \emph{low field Q slope or LFQS} - has been a long-standing unexplained effect. By extending the high $Q$ measurement techniques to ultralow fields we discover two previously unknown features of the effect: i) saturation at rf fields lower than $E_\mathrm{acc} \sim 0.1$~MV/m; ii) strong degradation enhancement by growing thicker niobium pentoxide. Our findings suggest that the LFQS may be caused by the two level systems in the natural niobium oxide on the inner cavity surface, thereby identifying a new source of residual resistance and providing guidance for potential non-accelerator low field applications of SRF cavities.
description: final version
Runaway Gravitational Production of Dark Photons
Creators: name: Capanelli, Christian
name: Jenks, Leah
name: Kolb, Edward W.
name: McDonough, Evan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that gravitational particle production (GPP) of a massive, Abelian, vector (Proca) field during inflation in the presence of nonminimal coupling to gravity may suffer from an instability which leads to runaway production of high-momentum modes. This is untenable unless there is some mechanism to regulate the runaway. We discuss the parameter space of the particle mass and nonminimal couplings where such a runaway occurs and possible ways to tame the runaway. We find that there is no obvious way to resolve the runaway in a UV completion or with kinetic mixing to the standard model.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
DSC #2: Katia and the Phantom Corpus
Creators: name: Dombrowski, Quinn
name: Bowers, Katherine
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Digital humanities
subject: Digitization
subject: Corpora

description: In DSC #2: Katia and the Phantom Corpus, Katia discusses how the Data-Sitters Club acquired and digitized their corpus of Baby-Sitters Club books.
Shaping entangled photons through thick scattering media using an advanced wave beacon
Creators: name: Shekel, Ronen
name: Lib, Ohad
name: Bromberg, Yaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entangled photons provide transformative new paths in the fields of communication, sensing, and computing. However, when entangled photons propagate through a complex medium such as a biological tissue or a turbulent atmosphere, their correlations are scrambled. Using wavefront shaping to compensate for the scattering and retrieve the two-photon correlations is challenging due to the low signal-to-noise ratio of the two-photon signal. While previous works partly addressed this challenge by using feedback from a strong classical laser beam that co-propagates with the entangled photons, such methods frequently depend on assumptions about the complex medium, limiting the applicability of quantum wavefront shaping. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a new feedback mechanism that is inspired by Klyshko's advanced wave picture, in which the classical laser beam counter-propagates with one of the entangled photons and co-propagates with the other. The new Klyshko feedback allows compensation of scattering in thick samples and even in situations where each photon propagates through a different scattering medium. Since the advanced wave picture applies whenever optical reciprocity is valid, such Klyshko optimization can be utilized across a wide range of configurations, offering a robust and alignment-free setup. We therefore believe this protocol will open the door for real-world applications of quantum wavefront shaping.
On Discrete Gibbs Measure Approximation to Runs
Creators: name: Kumar, Amit N
name: Upadhye, Neelesh S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62E17, 62E20, 60C05, 60E05

description: A Stein operator for the runs is derived as a perturbation of an operator for discrete Gibbs measure. Due to this fact, using perturbation technique, the approximation results for runs arising from identical and non-identical Bernoulli trials are derived via Stein method. The bounds obtained are new and their importance is demonstrated through an interesting application.
description: 31 pages
Deep Instruction Tuning for Segment Anything Model
Creators: name: Huang, Xiaorui
name: Luo, Gen
name: Zhu, Chaoyang
name: Tong, Bo
name: Zhou, Yiyi
name: Sun, Xiaoshuai
name: Ji, Rongrong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, Segment Anything Model (SAM) has become a research hotspot in the fields of multimedia and computer vision, which exhibits powerful yet versatile capabilities on various (un) conditional image segmentation tasks. Although SAM can support different types of segmentation prompts, we note that, compared to point- and box-guided segmentations, it performs much worse on text-instructed tasks, e.g., referring image segmentation (RIS). In this paper, we argue that deep text instruction tuning is key to mitigate such shortcoming caused by the shallow fusion scheme in its default light-weight mask decoder. To address this issue, we propose two simple yet effective deep instruction tuning (DIT) methods for SAM, one is end-to-end and the other is layer-wise. With minimal modifications, DITs can directly transform the image encoder of SAM as a stand-alone vision-language learner in contrast to building another deep fusion branch, maximizing the benefit of its superior segmentation capability. Extensive experiments on three highly competitive benchmark datasets of RIS show that a simple end-to-end DIT can improve SAM by a large margin, while the layer-wise DIT can further boost the performance to state-of-the-art with much less data and training expenditures. Our code is released at: https://github.com/wysnzzzz/DIT.
Bio-based composites made from bamboo fibers with high lignin contents: a multiscale analysis
Creators: name: Sillard, Cécile
name: Castro, Eder
name: Kaima, Jerachard
name: Charlier, Quentin
name: Viguié, Jérémie
name: Terrien, Maxime
name: Preechawuttipong, Ittichai
name: Peyroux, Robert
name: Mauret, Evelyne
name: Dufresne, Alain
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology

description: To meet societal and economic expectations, the bio-based composite market is developing. However, some issues remain, especially for lignocellulosic fiber composites, due to their highly hydrophilic nature which impacts the composite performance. This study focuses on bamboo fiber-polypropylene composites manufactured by film stacking using fiber mats obtained through a wet laid process. To individualize fibers, raw bamboo was cooked using an alkaline treatment: the soda process, i.e., using NaOH in order to keep a certain amount of lignin on fiber surface. A maximum surface lignin content of 81.%, measured by XPS analysis, was obtained, from the 1 wt.% NaOH concentration. The corresponding bulk lignin content, measured by Klayson method, is 21.%. The macroscopic properties of bamboo fiber-polypropylene composites were evaluated with regard to material microstructure through a multiscale analysis. The best mechanical properties were obtained for composites manufactured from bamboo fiber prepared using a 1 wt.% NaOH, which corresponds to the highest lignin content (3.5 GPa and 53 MPa for modulus and strength in tensile tests, 3.8 GPa and 64 MPa in bending tests). The good mechanical performance of the composites was attributed to the improved compatibility between the fiber and the matrix, evidenced by multiscale studies.
Electrodynamics on Fermi Cyclides in Nodal Line Semimetals
Creators: name: Ahn, Seongjin
name: Mele, E. J.
name: Min, Hongki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the frequency-dependent conductivity of nodal line semimetals (NLSMs), focusing on the effects of carrier density and energy dispersion on the nodal line. We find that the low-frequency conductivity has a rich spectral structure which can be understood using scaling rules derived from the geometry of their Dupin cyclide Fermi surfaces. We identify different frequency regimes, find scaling rules for the optical conductivity in each, and demonstrate them with numerical calculations of the inter- and intraband contributions to the optical conductivity using a low-energy model for a generic NLSM.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures + supplementary material (8 pages)
Evolution of shape and volume fraction of superconducting domains with temperature and anion disorder in (TMTSF)$_2$ClO$_4$
Creators: name: Kesharpu, Kaushal K.
name: Kochev, Vladislav D.
name: Grigoriev, Pavel D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In highly anisotropic organic superconductor (TMTSF)$_2$ClO$_4$, superconducting (SC) phase coexists with metallic and spin density wave phases in the form of domains. Using the Maxwell-Garnett approximation (MGA), we calculate the volume ratio and estimate the shape of these embedded SC domains from resistivity data at various temperature and anion disorder, controlled by the cooling rate or annealing time of (TMTSF)$_{2}$ClO$_{4}$ samples. We found that the variation of cooling rate and of annealing time affect differently the shape of SC domains. In all cases the SC domains have oblate shape, being the shortest along the interlayer $z$-axis. This contradicts the widely assumed filamentary superconductivity along $z$-axis, used to explain the anisotropic superconductivity onset. We show that anisotropic resistivity drop at the SC transition can be described by the analytical MGA theory with anisotropic background resistance, while the anisotropic $T_c$ can be explained by considering a finite size and flat shape of the samples. Due to a flat/needle sample shape, the probability of percolation via SC domains is the highest along the shortest sample dimension ($z$-axis), and the lowest along the sample length ($x$-axis). Our theory can be applied to other heterogeneous superconductors, where the size $d$ of SC domains is much larger than the SC coherence length $ξ$, e.g. cuprates, iron based or organic superconductors. It is also applicable when the spin/charge-density wave domains are embedded inside a metallic background, or vice versa.
description: 14 Pages, 6 Figures
The effects of filtering on the purity of heralded single photons from parametric sources
Creators: name: Blay, Daniel R.
name: Steel, M. J.
name: Helt, L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81V80

description: Optical quantum protocols are reliant on the production of highly pure single photons. However, most parametric heralded single photon sources possess spectral correlations, limiting the purity of the produced photon. The most common method for restoring the purity is with narrowband spectral filtering, which comes at the cost of reducing the rate of heralding detection. Here, we characterize this trade-off analytically for a large class of parametric sources. It is possible to achieve up to 20% heralding success probabilities with 90% heralded photon purities.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Security Proof Against Collective Attacks for an Experimentally Feasible Semiquantum Key Distribution Protocol
Creators: name: Krawec, Walter O.
name: Liss, Rotem
name: Mor, Tal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Semiquantum key distribution (SQKD) allows two parties (Alice and Bob) to create a shared secret key, even if one of these parties (say, Alice) is classical. However, most SQKD protocols suffer from severe practical security problems when implemented using photons. The recently developed "Mirror protocol" [Boyer, Katz, Liss, and Mor, Phys. Rev. A 96, 062335 (2017)] is an experimentally feasible SQKD protocol overcoming those drawbacks. The Mirror protocol was proven robust (namely, it was proven secure against a limited class of attacks including all noiseless attacks), but its security in case some noise is allowed (natural or due to eavesdropping) has not been proved yet. Here we prove security of the Mirror protocol against a wide class of quantum attacks (the "collective attacks"), and we evaluate the allowed noise threshold and the resulting key rate.
description: 16 pages; 3 figures
Whiteout: Gaussian Adaptive Noise Regularization in Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Li, Yinan
name: Liu, Fang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62

description: Noise injection (NI) is an efficient technique to mitigate over-fitting in neural networks (NNs). The Bernoulli NI procedure as implemented in dropout and shakeout has connections with $l_1$ and $l_2$ regularization for the NN model parameters. We propose whiteout, a family NI regularization techniques (NIRT) through injecting adaptive Gaussian noises during the training of NNs. Whiteout is the first NIRT than imposes a broad range of the $l_γ$ sparsity regularization $(γ\in(0,2))$ without having to involving the $l_2$ regularization. Whiteout can also be extended to offer regularizations similar to the adaptive lasso and group lasso. We establish the regularization effect of whiteout in the framework of generalized linear models with closed-form penalty terms and show that whiteout stabilizes the training of NNs with decreased sensitivity to small perturbations in the input. We establish that the noise-perturbed empirical loss function (pelf) with whiteout converges almost surely to the ideal loss function (ilf), and the minimizer of the pelf is consistent for the minimizer of the ilf. We derive the tail bound on the pelf to establish the practical feasibility in its minimization. The superiority of whiteout over the Bernoulli NIRTs, dropout and shakeout, in learning NNs with relatively small-sized training sets and non-inferiority in large-sized training sets is demonstrated in both simulated and real-life data sets. This work represents the first in-depth theoretical, methodological, and practical examination of the regularization effects of both additive and multiplicative Gaussian NI in deep NNs.
Coproduct for the Yangian of an affine Kac-Moody algebra
Creators: name: Guay, Nicolas
name: Nakajima, Hiraku
name: Wendlandt, Curtis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B37, 17B67

description: Given an affine Kac-Moody algebra, we explain how to construct a coproduct for its associated Yangian. In order to prove that this coproduct is an algebra homomorphism, we obtain, in the first half of this paper, a minimalistic presentation of the Yangian when the Kac-Moody algebra is, more generally, symmetrizable.
description: 38 pages
Bridging Offline Reinforcement Learning and Imitation Learning: A Tale of Pessimism
Creators: name: Rashidinejad, Paria
name: Zhu, Banghua
name: Ma, Cong
name: Jiao, Jiantao
name: Russell, Stuart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Offline (or batch) reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms seek to learn an optimal policy from a fixed dataset without active data collection. Based on the composition of the offline dataset, two main categories of methods are used: imitation learning which is suitable for expert datasets and vanilla offline RL which often requires uniform coverage datasets. From a practical standpoint, datasets often deviate from these two extremes and the exact data composition is usually unknown a priori. To bridge this gap, we present a new offline RL framework that smoothly interpolates between the two extremes of data composition, hence unifying imitation learning and vanilla offline RL. The new framework is centered around a weak version of the concentrability coefficient that measures the deviation from the behavior policy to the expert policy alone. Under this new framework, we further investigate the question on algorithm design: can one develop an algorithm that achieves a minimax optimal rate and also adapts to unknown data composition? To address this question, we consider a lower confidence bound (LCB) algorithm developed based on pessimism in the face of uncertainty in offline RL. We study finite-sample properties of LCB as well as information-theoretic limits in multi-armed bandits, contextual bandits, and Markov decision processes (MDPs). Our analysis reveals surprising facts about optimality rates. In particular, in all three settings, LCB achieves a faster rate of $1/N$ for nearly-expert datasets compared to the usual rate of $1/\sqrt{N}$ in offline RL, where $N$ is the number of samples in the batch dataset. In the case of contextual bandits with at least two contexts, we prove that LCB is adaptively optimal for the entire data composition range, achieving a smooth transition from imitation learning to offline RL. We further show that LCB is almost adaptively optimal in MDPs.
title: The metric system: a list of current reference material
Creators: name: Carson, E. R.
name: Pumidist, C.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada. Division Of Building Research
Year: 1968

description: This bibliography is composed of a list of current reference material on the metric system.
description: Cette bibliographie est constituée d'une liste de documents de référence à jour concernant le système métrique.