title: Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð³ÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð· Ð¤ÑÐµÐ½ÐµÐ»Ñ Ñ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ 3d Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Development of terahertz Fresnel lenses using 3D printing
Creators: name: ÐÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ð², ÐÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2022
Subjects: ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð³ÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ðµ Ð¸Ð·Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ
Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°
ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð·Ð° Ð¤ÑÐµÐ½ÐµÐ»Ñ
3D Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÑ
terahertz radiation
diffraction optics
broadband Fresnel lens
3D printing

description: ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐµ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð· Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð´Ð¸Ð°Ð¿Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð½Ð° ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð³ÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÑ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¾Ñ. ÐÑÐ»Ð° ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½Ð° ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÐºÐ° ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÐ° Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð·. ÐÑÐ»Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¾ ÑÐ¸ÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð±Ð¸Ð½Ð°ÑÐ½ÑÑ, ÑÐµÑÑÑÐµÑÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ²ÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²ÑÑ Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð½ Ð¸Ð· Ð²ÑÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾Ð¾Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÑÐµÐ¼Ð½Ð¸Ñ, ÑÐ°ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¾ÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð¹ 0.1Â Ð¢ÐÑ Ð¸ 0.14Â Ð¢ÐÑ. Ð¢Ð°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÐºÐ¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð² Ð¿ÑÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ´ÐºÐ°, ÑÐ°ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐµ 0.5Â Ð¢ÐÑ, Ð¾ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÑ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÐ½ÑÐ¼ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¼ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð¼Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ. ÐÐ° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð±ÑÐ» ÑÐ´ÐµÐ»Ð°Ð½ Ð²ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð´ Ð¾ Ð²Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¾ÑÐºÐ»Ð¾Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°ÑÐµÐ»Ñ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð¼Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°ÑÐµÐ»Ñ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð¼Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ´ÐºÐ° 0.1â0.2 Ð½Ð° Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾Ð²ÑÐµ ÑÐ°ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¸ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð·. ÐÑÐ»Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°ÑÐµÐ»Ñ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð¼Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð°, Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð²ÑÐµÐ³Ð¾ÑÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ 3D Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð· (COC TOPAS). ÐÑÐ»Ð¸ Ð¸Ð·Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ ÐºÐ¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ñ Ð¿ÐµÑÐ²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ´ÐºÐ° Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð¼Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ (Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ´Ð¾Ðº Ð¾ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ñ 0.01), ÐºÐ¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ñ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¸ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¢ÐÑ ÐºÐ°Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð¹, Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¾ ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ñ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ ÑÐµÑÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð·Ñ (ÑÐ¾ÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¸Ð·Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð¹ 0.14Â Ð¢ÐÑ), Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¾ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð²Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð±ÐºÐ¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°ÑÐµÐ»Ñ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð¼Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ´ÐºÐ° 0.01 Ð½Ð° ÑÐ°ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¸ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð·. ÐÑÐ» Ð¸Ð·Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½ ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ ÐºÐ¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼ Ð¿ÑÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ´ÐºÐ° Ð¸ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÑÐµÐ½ Ð½Ð° ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð³ÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¿ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¼ ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐµ (Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½ ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»Ñ Ð°Ð¼Ð¿Ð»Ð¸ÑÑÐ´Ñ ÑÑÐ¾ÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ñ Ð² Ð´Ð¸Ð°Ð¿Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð½Ðµ 0.1â1.5Â Ð¢ÐÑ). ÐÑÐ» ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½ ÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð·.
description: The given work is devoted to the development of diffraction lenses for a wide range of terahertz frequencies. A universal method for the calculation of diffraction lenses was developed. Numerical simulation of binary, four-level phase plates made of high-resistance silicon, designed to focus radiation with a frequency of 0.1 THz and 0.14 THz, was performed. Also, a simulation of fifth-order kinoforms with different calculated refractive index was performed, calculated for the operation at a frequency of 0.5 THz. Based on the simulation results, it was concluded that deviations of the calculated refractive index value from the real one of the order 0.1-0.2 on the final characteristics of diffraction lenses. The refractive index of the material used for 3D printing of diffraction lenses (COC TOPAS) was measured. First-order kinoforms with different calculated refractive indices (order of difference 0.01) were made, the kinoforms were measured by THz camera, their efficiency was compared with the efficiency of a refractive lens (focusing of monochromatic radiation with a frequency of 0.14 THz), and the influence of errors in determining the refractive index of the material of the order of 0.01 on the characteristics of diffraction lenses was defined. A broadband fifth order kinoform was manufactured and measured using by a terahertz pulse spectrometer (the spectrum of the amplitude modulus of the focused electric field in the range 0.1â1.5 THz was obtained). A broadband criterion for diffraction lenses was formulated.