cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Negative symptoms in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis
Creators: name: McGlashan, Thomas H.
name: Cadenhead, Kristin S.
name: Piskulic, Danijela
name: Cornblatt, Barbara A.
name: Heinssen, Robert
name: Walker, Elaine F.
name: Cannon, Tyrone D.
name: Addington, Jean
name: Tsuang, Ming T.
name: Perkins, Diana O.
name: Seidman, Larry J.
name: Woods, Scott W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Negative symptoms are present in the psychosis prodrome. However, the extent to which these symptoms are present prior to the onset of the first episode of psychosis remains under-researched. The goal of this study is to examine negative symptoms in a sample of individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis and to determine if they are predictive of conversion to psychosis. Participants (n=138) were all participants in the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS 1) project. Negative symptoms were assessed longitudinally using the Scale of Prodromal Symptoms. The mean total negative symptom score at baseline was 11.0, with 82.0% of the sample scoring at moderate severity or above on at least one negative symptom. Over the course of 12 months, the symptoms remained in the above moderate severity range for 54.0% of participants. Associations between individual symptoms were moderate (r= 0.31 to r= 0.57, P<0.001) and a factor analysis confirmed that all negative symptoms loaded heavily on one factor. Negative symptoms were more severe and persistent over-time in those who converted to psychosis, predicting the likelihood of conversion (χ2 = 17.63, df= 6, P< 0.01, R2 = 0.21). Thus, early and persistent negative symptoms may represent a vulnerability for risk of developing psychosis.
On a Gopakumar-Vafa form of partition function of Chern-Simons theory on classical and exceptional lines
Creators: name: Mkrtchyan, R. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that partition function of Chern-Simons theory on three-sphere with classical and exceptional groups (actually on the whole corresponding lines in Vogel's plane) can be represented as ratio of respectively triple and double sine functions (last function is essentially a modular quantum dilogarithm). The product representation of sine functions gives Gopakumar-Vafa structure form of partition function, which in turn gives a corresponding integer invariants of manifold after geometrical transition. In this way we suggest to extend gauge/string duality to exceptional groups, although one still have to resolve few problems. In both classical and exceptional cases an additional terms, non-perturbative w.r.t. the string coupling constant, appear. The full universal partition function of Chern-Simons theory on three-sphere is shown to be the ratio of quadruple sine functions. We also briefly discuss the matrix model for exceptional line.
description: 22 pages, all formulae remain the same, text reflects their content better
تبیین اهداف الگوی برنامه درسی مسئله محور در دوره پیش دبستانی
Publisher: name: دانشگاه کردستان
Year: 2022

description: ایجاد توانایی حل مسئله(پرابلم سولوینگ)در یادگیرندگان، از عالی ترین اهداف آموزش و پرورش در\nتمامی سطوح تحصیلی، است. هدف پژوهش حاضر تبیین اهداف الگوی برنامه درسی مسئله محور در دوره\nپیش دبستانی بود. پژوهش حاضر با رویکرد کیفی و روش تحقیق تحلیل محتوای قراردادی انجام شد\nمشارکت کنندگان را 10 نفر از متخصصان حوزه آموزش و پرورش پیش دبستانی و علوم تربیتی در سال 1399 -\n1398شامل شدند. برای انتخاب افراد از روش نمونه گیری ، هدفمند استفاده شد. داده ها از طریق مصاحبه نیمه\nساختاریافته ، تا مرحله اشباع جمع آوری و با روش کدگذاری مورد تجزیه وتحلیل قرار گرفت.نتایج حاصل از\nتجزیه وتحلیل یافته ها اهداف برنامه درسی مسئله محور را در 6 مقوله "توانمندی حل مسئله"، "تقویت روحیه\nپرسشگری و جست وجوگری"، "مسئولیت پذیری و پاسخگویی "، "تقویت روحیه نشاط و سرزندگی "، "رشد\nهمه جانبه)مهارت های عمومی( "و "پرورش قوای ذهنی " شامل شد. با توجه به اهمیت پرداختن به مسئله محوری\nاز دوره پیش دبستانی تعیین اهداف در دوره پیش از دبستان به تأکید بر این مقوله ها انجام شود
Coexistence of two types of short-range order in SiGeSn medium-entropy alloys
Creators: name: Jin, Xiaochen
name: Chen, Shunda
name: Li, Tianshu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Short-range chemical order (SRO) has been recently demonstrated to play a decisive role in modulating a wide range of physical properties in medium-entropy alloy (MEA) and high-entropy alloy (HEA). The enormous configurational space of these alloys implies multiple forms of SRO are likely to develop concurrently but such structural diversity has not been reported. Here we show, through extensive {\em ab initio}-based sampling study, that SiGeSn medium-entropy alloys spontaneously develop two distinct forms of SRO. Remarkably, the two types of SROs, which carry different energies, distinct degrees of local ordering, and dissimilar electronic structures, are found to co-exist in a wide range of compositions of SiGeSn alloys. The co-existence of two SROs is rationalized through their virtual degeneracy of thermodynamic stability, due to the subtle balance in the change of enthalpy and configurational entropy upon the transformation between the two SROs. Such co-existence of SROs thus suggests an inherent structural heterogeneity, a diffuse electronic structure, and a new route for band engineering in SiGeSn MEA. More generally, our finding indicates the possible ubiquity of the co-existence of multiple forms of SRO in a broad range of MEAs and HEAs, which has profound implications on their diverse physical properties.
Stability estimate for the broken non-abelian X-ray transform in Minkowski space
Creators: name: St-Amant, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the broken non-abelian X-ray transform in Minkowski space. This transform acts on the space of Hermitian connections on a causal diamond and is known to be injective up to an infinite-dimensional gauge. We show a stability estimate that takes into account the gauge, leading to a new proof of the transform's injectivity. Our proof leads us to consider a special type of connections that we call light-sink connections. We then show that we can consistently recover a light-sink connection from noisy measurement of its X-ray transform data through Bayesian inversion.
title: Der 8. März in der Stadtgesellschaft
Creators: name: Feldmann, Maresa
name: Schmidt , Uta C.
Publisher: name: DuEPublico
Year: 2023

description: Uta C. Schmidt sprach mit Maresa Feldmann, Gleichstellungsbeauftragte der Stadt Dortmund und eine der acht Sprecherinnen der Landesarbeitsgemeinschaft kommunaler Gleichstellungsbeauftragter in Nordrhein-Westfalen. Im Gespräch ging es um die Bedeutung des 8. März als Internationaler Frauentag für die Stadtgesellschaft. Da sich beide aus Dortmund kennen, haben sie sich auf das „Du“ verständigt.
description: blog interdisziplinäre geschlechterforschung
Scaling Laws for Dark Matter Halos in Late-Type and Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies
Creators: name: Kormendy, John
name: Freeman, K. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter (DM) halos of Sc-Im galaxies satisfy scaling laws analogous to the fundamental plane relations for elliptical galaxies. Halos in less luminous galaxies have smaller core radii, higher central densities, and smaller central velocity dispersions. If dwarf spheroidal (dSph) and dwarf Magellanic irregular (dIm) galaxies lie on the extrapolations of these correlations, then we can estimate their baryon loss relative to that of brighter Sc-Im galaxies. We find that, if there had been no such enhanced baryon loss, then typical dSph and dIm galaxies would be brighter in absolute magnitude by 4 and 3.5 mag, respectively. Instead, these galaxies lost or retained as gas (in dIm galaxies) baryons that could have formed stars. Also, typical dSph and dIm galaxies have DM halos that are more massive than we thought, with velocity dispersions of about 30 km/s or circular-orbit rotation velocities of V_circ ~ 42 km/s. Comparison of DM and visible matter correlations confirms that, at V-band absolute magnitudes fainter than -18, dSph and dIm galaxies form a sequence of decreasing baryon-to-DM mass ratios in smaller dwarfs. We show explicitly that galaxy baryon content goes to (almost) zero at halo V_circ = 42 +- 4 km/s, in agreement with what we found from our estimate of baryon depletion. Our results suggest that there may be a large population of DM halos that are essentially dark and undiscovered. This helps to solve the problem that the fluctuation spectrum of cold DM predicts more dwarfs than we observe.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, requires iau.cls; to be published in IAU Symposium 311, Galaxy Masses as Constraints of Formation Models, ed. M. Cappellari & S. Courteau, Cambridge Univ. Press, in press (2014)
Mooring System Integrity Management through Monitoring, Digital Twin and Control Technologies for Cost reduction and Increased Efficiency
Creators: name: Fundación Centro Tecnológico de Componentes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Organization of Cluster Event with related EU-funded projects
"Reducing offshore wind O&M costs through innovative solutions"
 
Objective
The objective of this cluster event is to promote collaboration between related EU-funded projects, thus maximizing their impact and raising awareness among target audiences. This event can serve as a platform for communicating the projects and disseminating their contents, developments, and results.
 
As part of the implementation of its dissemination strategy, WATEREYE project seeks collaboration with other H2020 projects for sharing experiences and identifying union bonds that may lead to synergies for future research.
 
Proposed EU-funded projects 
This cluster event will gather EU-funded projects focused on reducing offshore wind O&M costs through innovative solutions:

WATEREYE Project, O&M tools integrating accurate structural health in offshore energy.
ROMEO Project, Reliable OM decision tools and strategies for high LCoE reduction on Offshore wind.
MooringSense Project, Mooring system integrity management through monitoring, digital twin and control technologies for cost reduction and increased efficiency.
FLOTANT Project, Innovative, low cost, low weight and safe floating wind technology optimized for deep water wind sites
INNTERESTING Project, Innovative Future-Proof Testing Methods for Reliable Critical Components in Wind Turbines.
 
Details

When? 3rd of November 2021.
Communication means: it is intended to be a virtual event, to reach a wider audience and avoid unnecessary travels due to the covid-19 pandemic. The event will be promoted through the projects' social media channels, websites, distribution lists, Advisory Boards, industry organizations, etc.
Target audience: project partners, industry, scientific community, stakeholders, standardization organizations and high-level education.
طراحی و اعتبارسنجی برنامه درسی رشته کارشناسی ارشد فن آوری اطلاعات در آموزش از دیدگاه صاحبنظران عنوان کوتاه انگلیسی (en)
Publisher: name: دانشگاه کردستان
Year: 2022

description: هدف از انجام این پژوهش، طراحی و اعتبارسنجی برنامه درسی رشته کارشناسی ارشد فن آوری اطلاعات\nدر آموزش از دیدگاه صاحب نظران بود. این پژوهش از نوع کیفی و به روش توصیفی پیمایشی انجام شد\nاطلاعات جمع آوری شده به روش کدگذاری مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. جامعه آماری پژوهش\nشامل اساتید شاغل در دانشگاه های اصفهان، صنعتی شریف، کردستان، علامه طباطبایی و تربیت مدرس\nبود،که با 15 نفر از آ نان مصاحبه به عمل آمد. مصاحبه به صورت نیمه ساختار یافته انجام گرفت که روایی\nمحتوایی سؤالات از قبل مورد تأیید چند نفر صاحب نظر در حوزه قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که در\nبخش اهداف برنامه درسی رشته فن آوری اطلاعات در آموزش تأکید اصلی بر ایجاد مهارت های\nکاربردی و ظرفیت کارآفرینی دانشجویان بود. در بخش محتوا، تلفیق واحدهای نظری و عملی و اولویت\nداشتن جنبه کاربردی و همچنین نوآوری در محتوا از مقوله های مهم بود. در بخش راهبردهای یاددهی-\nیادگیری و روش های ارزشیابی، مصاحبه شوندگان تنوع در روش ها و همچنین روش های عملی و\nآزمایشگاهی را در کنار روش های پروژه ای پیشنهاد دادند
How the Universe postpones the evaporation and curtails the quantum spreading of black holes
Creators: name: Taylor, Quinn
name: Starkman, Glenn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black holes are expected to evaporate through the process of Hawking radiation. This process is expected to cause the uncertainty in a black hole's position to grow to $\sim M^2/M_{Pl}^3$ over the course of it's lifetime, even as its momentum spreads only by $\sim M_{Pl}$. For the black holes that have been observed, which have $M\geq M_\odot$, this greatly exceeds the Hubble volume. However, the decay of black holes and their quantum spreading, are delayed in the Universe while the influx of energy into the black holes exceeds their Hawking luminosity. We show that for these $M\geq M_\odot$ black holes, their decay outside galaxies and clusters is prevented far longer than it takes the black holes to be dragged well beyond the Hubble horizon, where their eventual decay occurs away from the prying eyes of any observer who has not hitched a ride with them. Meanwhile, black holes in an observer's galaxy or cluster are themselves prevented from decaying long past the extinction of the last stars, and at least until their galaxy/cluster is swept clean of dark matter, in $\gg 10^{25}$y. Even then, if the black holes become unbound they are dragged beyond the Hubble radius before undergoing significant decay; if not, they remain in bound orbits, spreading at most over a subvolume of the galaxy/cluster, and long localized by scatterings to much smaller volumes.
description: 4 pages
Solution of an Acoustic Transmission Inverse Problem by Extended Inversion
Creators: name: Symes, William W.
name: Chen, Huiyi
name: Minkoff, Susan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R30

description: Study of a simple single-trace transmission example shows how an extended source formulation of full-waveform inversion can produce an optimization problem without spurious local minima ("cycle skipping"), hence efficiently solvable via Newton-like local optimization methods. The data consist of a single trace extracted from a causal pressure field, propagating in a homogeneous fluid according to linear acoustics, and recorded at a given distance from a transient point energy source. The source intensity ("wavelet") is presumed quasi-impulsive, with zero energy for time lags greater than a specified maximum lag. The inverse problem is: from the recorded trace, recover both the sound velocity or slowness and source wavelet with specified support, so that the data is fit with prescribed RMS relative error. The least-squares objective function has multiple large residual minimizers. The extended inverse problem permits source energy to spread in time, and replaces the maximum lag constraint by a weighted quadratic penalty. A companion paper shows that for proper choice of weight operator, any stationary point of the extended objective produces a good approximation of the global minimizer of the least squares objective, with slowness error bounded by a multiple of the maximum lag and the assumed noise level. This paper summarizes the theory developed in the companion paper and presents numerical experiments demonstrating the accuracy of the predictions in concrete instances. We also show how to dynamically adjust the penalty scale during iterative optimization to improve the accuracy of the slowness estimate.
description: 40 pages, 32 figures
بررسی عملکرد هیأت های نظارت و ارزیابی استانی از نگاه مسئولان نظارت و ارزیابی استانی دانشگاه فرهنگیان
Publisher: name: دانشگاه کردستان
Year: 2022

description: پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی وضعیت عملکرد هیئت های نظارت استانی در دانشگاه فرهنگیان انجام\nگرفته است. رویکرد پژوهش حاضر کمی و روش پژوهش به لحاظ نوع آن ، مقطعی و از حیث هدف\nکاربردی، و بر اساس نحوه جمع آوری داده ها توصیفی- پیمایشی است\nبه استناد آیین نامه هیئت نظارت،ارزیابی و تضمین کیفیت استانی وزارت علوم و تحقیقات و فناوری\nپرسشنامه محقق ساخته ای جهت ارزیابی عملکرد هیئت های نظارت استانی برای بررسی عملکرد در پنج\nشاخص تحلیل زیر نظام ها، برنامه ریزی، نظارت و ارائه گزارش مستمر ،ارزیابی و تدوین برنامه های بهبود\nکیفیت، فرهنگ سازی و توانمندسازی دانشگاه فرهنگیان و تعامل و همکاری نظارت استانی با دانشگاه\nفرهنگیان تدوین شد.جامعه آماری شامل مسئولان نظارت استانی دانشگاه فرهنگیان در استانهای مختلف\nبود، نتایج به دست آمده از پرسشنامه ها تکمیل شده را به صورت توصیفی در قالب جدول و نمودار ارائه\nگردید، سپس برای تجزیه وتحلیل داده ها از آزمون ناپارامتریک خی دو یک بعدی استفاده گردید با توجه\nبه تجزیه وتحلیل 31 پرسشنامه دریافتی نتیجه گرفته شد که در شاخص ارزیابی و تدوین برنامه های بهبود\nکیفیت نتیجه ارزیابی ضعیف و در شاخص های تحلیل زیر نظام ها، برنامه ریزی، نظارت و ارائه گزارش\nمستمر و فرهنگ سازی و توانمندسازی نتیجه عملکرد متوسط بوده و فقط در شاخص تعامل و همکاری\nنظارت استانی عملکرد خوب گزارش شده است. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده پیشنهادهای کاربردی\nدر جهت کیفیت بخشی عملکرد هیئت های نظارت استانی ارائه گردید
A behavioral-genetic investigation of bulimia nervosa and its relationship with alcohol use disorder
Creators: name: Baker, Jessica H.
name: Thornton, Laura M.
name: Pedersen, Nancy L.
name: Root, Tammy L.
name: Lichtenstein, Paul
name: Bulik, Cynthia M.
name: Trace, Sara E.
name: Janson, Lauren E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Bulimia nervosa (BN) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) frequently co-occur and may share genetic factors; however, the nature of their association is not fully understood. We assessed the extent to which the same genetic and environmental factors contribute to liability to BN and AUD. A bivariate structural equation model using a Cholesky decomposition was fit to data from 7,241 women who participated in the Swedish Twin study of Adults: Genes and Environment. The proportion of variance accounted for by genetic and environmental factors for BN and AUD and the genetic and environmental correlations between these disorders were estimated. In the best-fitting model, the heritability estimates were 0.55 (95% CI: 0.37; 0.70) for BN and 0.62 (95% CI: 0.54; 0.70) for AUD. Unique environmental factors accounted for the remainder of variance for BN. The genetic correlation between BN and AUD was 0.23 (95% CI: 0.01; 0.44), and the correlation between the unique environmental factors for the two disorders was 0.35 (95% CI: 0.08; 0.61), suggesting moderate overlap in these factors. Findings from this investigation provide additional support that some of the same genetic factors may influence liability to both BN and AUD.
An ECG-on-Chip for Wearable Cardiac Monitoring Devices
Creators: name: Deepu, C. J.
name: Xu, X. Y.
name: Zou, X. D.
name: Yao, L. B.
name: Lian, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes a highly integrated, low power chip solution for ECG signal processing in wearable devices. The chip contains an instrumentation amplifier with programmable gain, a band-pass filter, a 12-bit SAR ADC, a novel QRS detector, 8K on-chip SRAM, and relevant control circuitry and CPU interfaces. The analog front end circuits accurately senses and digitizes the raw ECG signal, which is then filtered to extract the QRS. The sampling frequency used is 256 Hz. ECG samples are buffered locally on an asynchronous FIFO and is read out using a faster clock, as and when it is required by the host CPU via an SPI interface. The chip was designed and implemented in 0.35um standard CMOS process. The analog core operates at 1V while the digital circuits and SRAM operate at 3.3V. The chip total core area is 5.74 mm^2 and consumes 9.6uW. Small size and low power consumption make this design suitable for usage in wearable heart monitoring devices.
MICROSCOPE Mission scenario, ground segment and data processing
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Manuel
name: Touboul, Pierre
name: Métris, Gilles
name: Bedouet, Judicaël
name: Bergé, Joël
name: Carle, Patrice
name: Chhun, Ratana
name: Christophe, Bruno
name: Foulon, Bernard
name: Guidotti, Pierre-Yves
name: Lala, Stephanie
name: Robert, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Testing the Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP) to a precision of $10^{-15}$ requires a quantity of data that give enough confidence on the final result: ideally, the longer the measurement the better the rejection of thestatistical noise. The science sessions had a duration of 120 orbits maximum and were regularly repeated and spaced out to accommodate operational constraints but also in order to repeat the experiment in different conditions and to allow time to calibrate the instrument. Several science sessions were performed over the 2.5 year duration of the experiment. This paper aims to describe how the data have been produced on the basis of a mission scenario and a data flow process, driven by a tradeoff between the science objectives and the operational constraints. The mission was led by the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) which provided the satellite, the launch and the ground operations. The ground segment was distributed between CNES and Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aérospatiales (ONERA). CNES provided the raw data through the Centre d'Expertise de Compensation de Traînée (CECT: Drag-free expertise centre). The science was led by the Observatoire de la Côte d{'}Azur (OCA) and ONERA was in charge of the data process. The latter also provided the instrument and the Science Mission Centre of MICROSCOPE (CMSM).
description: To be released in special MICROSCOPE edition of CQG
A quantified composite Index of relative Geostrategic power of Nation — States in the current world order (irgp) and the General law of evolution of modern civilization (Resume)
Creators: name: Dieterich, Heinz
name: Franco, Raimundo
name: Ortiz, Rodrigo
name: Olguin, Juan Carlos
Publisher: name: Вестник Челябинского государственного университета
Year: 2018
Subjects: Geopolitical Power
Nation States
Law of Evolution of Modernity
Center for Transition Sciences (CTS).

description: This new comprehensive interdisciplinary model for calculating the Relative Geopolitical Power of Nation States (IRGP) was developed by the Center for Transition Sciences (CTS), founded by the Autonomous Metropolitan University (UAM) in Mexico City. It differs from other existing models in several ways, among others: 1. An intensive two-year research effort indicated that a scientifically satisfying level of measuring the parameters involved can be achieved with seven power vectors. 2. The model permits a profound long term comprehension of Nation States’ evolutions, because it is based on the General Law of Evolution of Modernity. That is a transcendental scientific innovation, because all other models basically provide momentaneous X-Rate-like diagnostics of a Nation States´ power situation. 3. Another innovation our team devised is the combination of the synergies of Newton’s, Darwin’s, Marx-Engels’ and Lorenz’ paradigms, which permits a profound political understanding of the evolution of bourgeois class societies in modern times and therefore, the strategic conceptual tools to overcome current capitalist societies based on chrematistic market economic systems. 4. The internal structure of the current Attractor of Modernity is determined through nine subindexes. 5. Finally, the statistical use of publicly available empirical data within the framework of the geometry of basins of attraction, centroids and Mandami fuzzy logic, enabled the CTS-Team to graphically represent the results of their research.
title: PFAS – die "ewigen Chemikalien"
title: Stand der Diskussion bezüglich Risikobewertung
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hußnätter, Tristan
Publisher: name: Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie, Kristallographie, Mineralogie

description: Per- und polyfluorierte Alkylsubstanzen (PFAS) sind Verbindungen von synthetischen Chemikalien, die aufgrund ihrer einzigartigen physikalisch-chemischen Eigenschaften in zahlreichen industriellen Anwendungen und Konsumgütern Verwendung finden. Diese Masterarbeit untersucht umfassend verschiedene Aspekte von PFAS, beginnend mit der Herkunft ihres Namens und allgemeinen Informationen über diese Stoffklasse. PFAS werden basierend auf ihrer chemischen Struktur in verschiedene (Unter-)Klassen und (Unter-)Gruppen eingeteilt, zur Veranschaulichung werden die Strukturformeln einzelner Verbindungen angegeben. Es wird ebenfalls auf die physikalischen Eigenschaften bekannter Vertreter eingegangen. Ein weiterer Schwerpunkt der Arbeit liegt auf der chemischen Synthese von PFAS und den Herausforderungen ihres Abbaus, einschließlich der derzeitigen Methoden zur Behandlung kontaminierter Gebiete, was in der Regel durch ein Pump & Treat Verfahren erfolgt, wobei es noch weitere Ansätze gibt, welche genauer beleuchtet werden. Ein besonderes Augenmerk liegt ebenfalls auf der medizinischen Risikobewertung von kurzkettigen, langkettigen und PFAS im Allgemeinen, wobei eine Vielzahl von potentiell gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen auf den Menschen beschrieben werden. Ebenfalls werden Quellen aufgeführt, welche keine Korrelation zwischen PFAS und der menschlichen Gesundheit feststellen konnten. Darüber hinaus werden politische Maßnahmen zur Regulierung und Kontrolle von PFAS aufgeführt, mit mehreren Fallbeispielen aus Nordrhein-Westfalen und einem aus Bayern. Diese Beispiele liefern ebenfalls einen Einblick in die Kontaminationswirkungspfade, welche in der Arbeit aufgeführt werden. Außerdem werden die vielseitigen Anwendungsgebiete in der Industrie und freien Marktwirtschaft beleuchtet und eventuelle Problematiken, die ein Verbot mit sich ziehen könnten. Ziel der Arbeit ist es, den Stand der Diskussionen zu PFAS aus verschiedenen Blickwinkeln zu beleuchten, von ihren chemischen und physikalischen Eigenschaften bis hin zu den Herausforderungen, welche sowohl die Umwelt, die Gesundheit als auch die Politik betreffen. Abschließend werden die relevantesten Punkte in einer Zusammenfassung aufgeführt und ein persönliches Fazit gezogen.
Assessment of gene expression in peripheral blood using RNAseq before and after weight restoration in anorexia nervosa
Creators: name: Bulik, Cynthia M.
name: Hamer, Robert M.
name: Pisetsky, David S.
name: Crowley, James J.
name: Sullivan, Patrick F.
name: Brownley, Kimberly A.
name: Trace, Sara E.
name: Kim, Yunjung
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: We examined gene expression in the blood of six females with anorexia nervosa (AN) before and after weight restoration using RNAseq. AN cases (aged 19-39) completed clinical assessments and had blood drawn for RNA at hospital admission (T1, < ~75% ideal body weight, IBW) and again at discharge (T2, ≥ ~85% IBW). To examine the relationship between weight restoration and differential gene expression, normalized gene expression levels were analyzed using a paired design. We found 564 genes whose expression was nominally significantly different following weight restoration (p < 0.01, 231 increased and 333 decreased). With a more stringent significance threshold (false discovery rate q < 0.05), 67 genes met criteria for differential expression. Of the top 20 genes, CYP11A1, C16orf11, LINC00235, and CPA3 were down-regulated more than two-fold after weight restoration while multiple olfactory receptor genes (OR52J3, OR51L1, OR51A4, OR51A2) were up-regulated more than two-fold after weight restoration. Pathway analysis revealed up-regulation of two broad pathways with largely overlapping genes, one related to protein secretion and signaling and the other associated with defense response to bacterial regulation. Although results are preliminary secondary to a small sample size, these data provide initial evidence of transcriptional alterations during weight restoration in AN.
Strong evidences for a nonextensive behavior of the rotation period in Open Clusters
Creators: name: de Freitas, D. B.
name: Nepomuceno, M. M. F.
name: Soares, B. B.
name: Silva, J. R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time-dependent nonextensivity in a stellar astrophysical scenario combines nonextensive entropic indices $q_{K}$ derived from the modified Kawaler's parametrization, and $q$, obtained from rotational velocity distribution. These $q$'s are related through a heuristic single relation given by $q\approx q_{0}(1-Δt/q_{K})$, where $t$ is the cluster age. In a nonextensive scenario, these indices are quantities that measure the degree of nonextensivity present in the system. Recent studies reveal that the index $q$ is correlated to the formation rate of high-energy tails present in the distribution of rotation velocity. On the other hand, the index $q_{K}$ is determined by the stellar rotation-age relationship. This depends on the magnetic field configuration through the expression $q_{K}=1+4aN/3$, where $a$ and $N$ denote the saturation level of the star magnetic field and its topology, respectively. In the present study, we show that the connection $q-q_{K}$ is also consistent with 548 rotation period data for single main-sequence stars in 11 Open Clusters aged less than 1 Gyr. The value of $q_{K}\sim$ 2.5 from our unsaturated model shows that the mean magnetic field topology of these stars is slightly more complex than a purely radial field. Our results also suggest that stellar rotational braking behavior affects the degree of anti-correlation between $q$ and cluster age $t$. Finally, we suggest that stellar magnetic braking can be scaled by the entropic index $q$.
description: 6 pages and 2 figures, accepted to EPL on October 17, 2014
Spin transport and spin-caloric effects in (Cr,Zn)Te half-metallic nanostructures: Effect of spin disorder at elevated temperatures from first principles
Creators: name: Kováčik, Roman
name: Mavropoulos, Phivos
name: Blügel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An important contribution to the thermoelectric and spin-caloric transport properties in magnetic materials at elevated temperatures is the formation of a spin-disordered state due to local moment fluctuations. This effect has not been largely investigated so far. We focus on various magnetic nanostructures of CrTe in the form of thin layers or nanowires embedded in ZnTe matrix, motivated by the miniaturization of spintronics devices and by recent suggestions that magnetic nanostructures can lead to extraordinary thermoelectric effects due to quantum confinement. The electronic structure of the studied systems is calculated within the multiple scattering screened Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker Green function (KKR-GF) framework. The Monte Carlo method is used to simulate the magnetization in the temperature induced spin disorder. The transport properties are evaluated from the transmission probability obtained using the Baranger-Stone approach within the KKR-GF framework. We find qualitative and quantitative changes in the thermoelectric and spin-caloric coefficients when spin-disorder is included in the calculation. Furthermore, we show that substitutional impurities in CrTe nanowires could considerably enhance the Seebeck coefficient and the thermoelectric figure of merit.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Spin and orbital transport in rare earth dichalcogenides: The case of EuS$_2$
Creators: name: Zeer, Mahmoud
name: Go, Dongwook
name: Carbone, Johanna P.
name: Saunderson, Tom G.
name: Redies, Matthias
name: Kläui, Mathias
name: Ghabboun, Jamal
name: Wulfhekel, Wulf
name: Blügel, Stefan
name: Mokrousov, Yuriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform first-principles calculations to determine the electronic, magnetic and transport properties of rare-earth dichalcogenides taking a monolayer of the H-phase EuS$_2$ as a representative. We predict that the H-phase of the EuS$_2$ monolayer exhibits a half-metallic behavior upon doping with a very high magnetic moment. We find that the electronic structure of EuS$_2$ is very sensitive to the value of Coulomb repulsion $U$, which effectively controls the degree of hybridization between Eu-$f$ and S-$p$ states. We further predict that the non-trivial electronic structure of EuS$_2$ directly results in a pronounced anomalous Hall effect with non-trivial band topology. Moreover, while we find that the spin Hall effect closely follows the anomalous Hall effect in the system, the orbital complexity of the system results in a very large orbital Hall effect, whose properties depend very sensitively on the strength of correlations. Our findings thus promote rare-earth based dichalcogenides as a promising platform for topological spintronics and orbitronics.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Hot Jupiters and Cool Stars
Creators: name: Villaver, Eva
name: Livio, Mario
name: Mustill, Alexander J.
name: Siess, Lionel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Close-in planets are in jeopardy as their host stars evolve off the main sequence to the subgiant and red giant phases. In this paper, we explore the influences of the stellar mass (in the range 1.5--2\Mso ), mass-loss prescription, planet mass (from Neptune up to 10 Jupiter masses), and eccentricity, on the orbital evolution of planets as their parent stars evolve to become subgiants and Red Giants. We find that planet engulfment during the Red Giant Branch is not very sensitive to the stellar mass or mass-loss rates adopted in the calculations, but quite sensitive to the planetary mass. The range of initial separations for planet engulfment increases with decreasing mass-loss rates or stellar mass and increasing planetary masses. Regarding the planet's orbital eccentricity, we find that as the star evolves into the red giant phase, stellar tides start to dominate over planetary tides. As a consequence, a transient population of moderately eccentric close-in Jovian planets is created, that otherwise would have been expected to be absent from main sequence stars. We find that very eccentric and distant planets do not experience much eccentricity decay, and that planet engulfment is primarily determined by the pericenter distance and the maximum stellar radius.
description: 38 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Exercise caution: Over-exercise is associated with suicidality among individuals with disordered eating
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Jessica D.
name: Smith, April R.
name: Grange, Daniel le
name: Gordon, Kathryn H.
name: Crosby, Ross D.
name: Klein, Marjorie H.
name: Fink, Erin L.
name: Wonderlich, Stephen A.
name: Keel, Pamela K.
name: Crow, Scott
name: Davis, Heather
name: Mitchell, James E.
name: Bardone-Cone, Anna M.
name: Peterson, Carol B.
name: Joiner, Thomas E.
name: Anestis, Michael D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: We conducted four studies to examine the relationship between over-exercise and suicidality. Study 1 investigated whether over-exercise predicted suicidal behavior after controlling for other eating disorder behaviors in a patient sample of 204 women (144 with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition (DSM-IV) Bulimia Nervosa [BN]). Study 2 tested the prospective association between over-exercise and acquired capability for suicide (ACS) in a sample of 171 college students followed for 3–4 weeks. Study 3 investigated whether pain insensitivity accounted for the relationship between over-exercise and ACS in a new sample of 467 college students. Study 4 tested whether ACS accounted for the relationship between over-exercise and suicidal behavior in a sample of 512 college students. In Study 1, after controlling for key covariates, over-exercise was the only disordered eating variable that maintained a significant relationship with suicidal behavior. In Study 2, Time 1 over-exercise was the only disordered eating behavior that was associated with Time 2 ACS. In Study 3, pain insensitivity accounted for the relationship between over-exercise and ACS. In Study 4, ACS accounted for the relationship between over-exercise and suicidal behavior. Over-exercise appears to be associated with suicidal behavior, an association accounted for by pain insensitivity and the acquired capability for suicide; notably, this association was found across a series of four studies with different populations.
The study of magnetic reconnection in solar spicules
Creators: name: Fazel, Z.
name: Ebadi, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work is devoted to study the magnetic reconnection instability under solar spicule conditions. Numerical study of the resistive tearing instability in a current sheet is presented by considering the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) framework. To investigate the effect of this instability in a stratified atmosphere of solar spicules, we solve linear and non-ideal MHD equations in the x-z plane. In the linear analysis it is assumed that resistivity is only important within the current sheet, and the exponential growth of energies takes place faster as plasma resistivity increases. We are interested to see the occurrence of magnetic reconnection during the lifetime of a typical solar spicule.
description: Accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science
The course of cognitive functioning over six months in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis
Creators: name: Perkins, Diana O.
name: Barbato, Mariapaola
name: Addington, Jean
name: Keefe, Richard S.E.
name: Colijn, Mark A.
name: Hawkins, Keith A.
name: Woods, Scott W.
name: Christensen, Bruce K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Cognitive impairment is common in psychosis and has recently been observed in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) of developing psychosis. The purpose of this study was to characterize longitudinal change in cognition among CHR individuals, and compare cognition of CHR individuals who later convert to psychosis to that of CHR who do not convert. Participants were tested at baseline and followed-up after six months using a comprehensive cognitive test battery. Individuals who did not convert to psychosis either remained stable or significantly improved in their cognitive performance. At baseline participants who converted to psychosis compared to non-converters exhibited poorer performance in several cognitive tests, suggesting that some cognitive impairment is already present before conversion. Future longitudinal research should address if further decline takes place during the prodrome or after conversion to psychosis.
Pan-tumor CAnine cuTaneous Cancer Histology (CATCH) dataset
Creators: name: Wilm, Frauke
name: Fragoso, Marco
name: Marzahl, Christian
name: Qiu, Jingna
name: Puget, Chloé
name: Diehl, Laura
name: Bertram, Christof A.
name: Klopfleisch, Robert
name: Maier, Andreas
name: Breininger, Katharina
name: Aubreville, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to morphological similarities, the differentiation of histologic sections of cutaneous tumors into individual subtypes can be challenging. Recently, deep learning-based approaches have proven their potential for supporting pathologists in this regard. However, many of these supervised algorithms require a large amount of annotated data for robust development. We present a publicly available dataset of 350 whole slide images of seven different canine cutaneous tumors complemented by 12,424 polygon annotations for 13 histologic classes, including seven cutaneous tumor subtypes. In inter-rater experiments, we show a high consistency of the provided labels, especially for tumor annotations. We further validate the dataset by training a deep neural network for the task of tissue segmentation and tumor subtype classification. We achieve a class-averaged Jaccard coefficient of 0.7047, and 0.9044 for tumor in particular. For classification, we achieve a slide-level accuracy of 0.9857. Since canine cutaneous tumors possess various histologic homologies to human tumors the added value of this dataset is not limited to veterinary pathology but extends to more general fields of application.
description: Submitted to Scientific Data. 15 pages, 9 figures, 6 tables
A Smart Cushion for Real-Time Heart Rate Monitoring
Creators: name: Deepu, Chacko John
name: Chen, Zhihao
name: Teo, Ju Teng
name: Ng, Soon Huat
name: Yang, Xiefeng
name: Lian, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a smart cushion for real time heart rate monitoring. The cushion comprises of an integrated micro-bending fiber sensor, which records the BCG (Ballistocardiogram) signal without direct skin-electrode contact, and an optical transceiver that does signal amplification, digitization, and pre-filtering. To remove the artifacts and extract heart rate from BCG signal, a computationally efficient heart rate detection algorithm is developed. The system doesn't require any pre-training and is highly responsive with the outputs updated every 3 sec and initial response within first 10 sec. Tests conducted on human subjects show the detected heart rate closely matches the one from a commercial SpO2 device.
description: 2012 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Conference
title: Examining the complexity of Placement Stability in Residential Out of Home Care in Australia : how important is it for facilitating good outcomes for young people?
Creators: name: Bollinger, Jenna
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2017

description: Just over 5% of young people in Out of Home Care (OOHC) in Australia live in residential care, which equated to approximately 2394 young people in the system in 2015. There is little research, however, that provides data on significant decision-making in residential care, such as the timing and number of placement changes. Research into foster care has established that generally worse outcomes are experienced for young people who have experienced placement instability. In a residential care setting, understanding placement stability is more complex because of subtle instabilities. These include: changing staff; changes to the co-residents; as well as shifts of the children themselves to a new house; the latter typically result from organisational decisions, or are a result of challenging behaviour by the young person, or towards them by another young person. This paper examines the current state of the literature, and identifies the need for further research and theorization on what constitutes placement stability and instability for a residential care cohort.
Effective models of membranes from symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Zanusso, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to obtain all the models of the continuous description of membranes by constructing the appropriate non-linear realizations of the Euclidean symmetries of the embedding. The procedure has the advantage of giving a unified formalism with which the models are generated and highlights the relevant order parameters in each phase. We use our findings to investigate a fluid description of both tethered and hexatic membranes, showing that both the melting and the loss of local order induce long range interactions in the high temperature fluid phase. The results can be used to understand the appearance of intrinsic ripples in crystalline membranes in a thermal bath.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures; to appear in PRE
Monopoles, Exotic states and Muon $g-2$ in TeV scale Trinification
Creators: name: Raut, Digesh
name: Shafi, Qaisar
name: Thapa, Anil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the low energy implications of a trinification model based on the gauge symmetry $G= SU(3)_c \times SU(3)_L \times SU(3)_R$, without imposing gauge coupling unification. A minimal model requires two Higgs multiplets that reside in the bi-fundamental representation of $G$, and this is shown to be adequate for accommodating the Standard Model (SM) fermion masses and generate, via loop corrections and seesaw mechanism, suitable masses for the heavy neutral leptons as well as the observed SM neutrinos. We estimate a lower bound of around 15 TeV for the masses of the new down-type quarks that are required by the $SU(3)_L \times SU(3)_R$ symmetry. We examine the resonant production at the LHC of the new gauge bosons, which leads to a lower bound of 16 TeV for the symmetry breaking scale of $G$. We also show how the muon $g-2$ anomaly can be resolved in the presence of these new gauge bosons and the heavy charged leptons present in the model. Finally, the model predicts the presence of a topologically stable monopole carrying three quanta $(6 π/e)$ of Dirac magnetic charge and mass $\gtrsim 160$ TeV. If new matter fields lying in the fundamental representations of G are included, the model predicts the presence of exotic leptons, mesons and baryons carrying fractional electric charges such as $\pm e/3$ and $\pm 2e/3$, fully compatible with the Dirac quantization condition.
description: 27 pages and references, 5 figures