cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Magnetohydrodynamic simulations of mechanical stellar feedback in a sheet-like molecular cloud
Creators: name: Wareing, C. J.
name: Pittard, J. M.
name: Falle, S. A. E. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the AMR hydrodynamic code, MG, to perform 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations with self-gravity of stellar feedback in a sheet-like molecular cloud formed through the action of the thermal instability. We simulate the interaction of the mechanical energy input from a 15 solar mass star and a 40 solar mass star into a 100 pc-diameter 17000 solar mass cloud with a corrugated sheet morphology that in projection appears filamentary. The stellar winds are introduced using appropriate Geneva stellar evolution models. In the 15 solar mass star case, the wind forms a narrow bipolar cavity with minimal effect on the parent cloud. In the 40 solar mass star case, the more powerful stellar wind creates a large cylindrical cavity through the centre of the cloud. After 12.5 Myrs and 4.97 Myrs respectively, the massive stars explode as supernovae (SNe). In the 15 solar mass star case, the SN material and energy is primarily deposited into the molecular cloud surroundings over ~10^5 years before the SN remnant escapes the cloud. In the 40 solar mass star case, a significant fraction of the SN material and energy rapidly escapes the molecular cloud along the wind cavity in a few tens of kiloyears. Both SN events compress the molecular cloud material around them to higher densities (so may trigger further star formation), and strengthen the magnetic field, typically by factors of 2-3 but up to a factor of 10. Our simulations are relevant to observations of bubbles in flattened ring-like molecular clouds and bipolar HII regions.
description: 29 pages, 20 figures, MNRAS accepted. Additions after review include an extended analysis in a new Section 4, clarification of numerous minor points throughout and quantitative data figures in a new Appendix
Twisted Yangians of small rank
Creators: name: Guay, Nicolas
name: Regelskis, Vidas
name: Wendlandt, Curtis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantized enveloping algebras called twisted Yangians associated with the symmetric pairs of types CI, BDI and DIII (in Cartan's classification) when the rank is small. We establish isomorphisms between these twisted Yangians and the well known Olshanskii's twisted Yangians of types AI and AII, and also with the Molev-Ragoucy reflection algebras associated with symmetric pairs of type AIII. We also construct isomorphisms with twisted Yangians in Drinfeld's original presentation.
description: 26 pages. Final version. Accepted to J. Math. Phys. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1407.5247
Solving the scattering of N photons on a two-level atom without computation
Creators: name: Roulet, Alexandre
name: Scarani, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel approach for solving the scattering of light onto a two-level atom coupled to a one-dimensional waveguide. We first express the physical quantity of interest in terms of Feynman diagrams and treat the atom as a non-saturable linear beamsplitter. By using the atomic response to our advantage, a relevant substitution is then made that captures the nonlinearity of the atom, and the final result is obtained in terms of simple integrals over the initial incoming wavepackets. The procedure is not limited to post-scattering quantities and allows for instance to derive the atomic excitation during the scattering event.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Codimension two CR singular submanifolds and extensions of CR functions
Creators: name: Lebl, Jiri
name: Noell, Alan
name: Ravisankar, Sivaguru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32V40 (Primary), 32V25 (Secondary)

description: Let $M \subset {\mathbb{C}}^{n+1}$, $n \geq 2$, be a real codimension two CR singular real-analytic submanifold that is nondegenerate and holomorphically flat. We prove that every real-analytic function on $M$ that is CR outside the CR singularities extends to a holomorphic function in a neighborhood of $M$. Our motivation is to prove the following analogue of the Hartogs-Bochner theorem. Let $Ω\subset {\mathbb{C}}^n \times {\mathbb{R}}$, $n \geq 2$, be a bounded domain with a connected real-analytic boundary such that $\partial Ω$ has only nondegenerate CR singularities. We prove that if $f \colon \partial Ω\to {\mathbb{C}}$ is a real-analytic function that is CR at CR points of $\partial Ω$, then $f$ extends to a holomorphic function on a neighborhood of $\overlineΩ$ in ${\mathbb{C}}^n \times {\mathbb{C}}$.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure, fixed typos, updated references. To appear in Journal of Geometric Analysis
title: Factors Involved in Battered Women's Decision to Leave Their Abusive Partners: Shelter Research in the Southeast
Creators: name: Miles, Mary Ellen
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1988

description: This paper is an examination of some of the factors involved in battered women's decision to leave their partners. A review of past literature on battering, suggests factors that account for the women's decision: 1. the more financially dependent (whether actual or perceived) the battered woman is on the batterer, the more likely the woman will stay in the violent relationship regardless of the shelter services offered; 2. women with a teenage child or children will be more likely to leave the violent relationship than women without teenage children; 3 . women who were abused as children will be more likely to stay in the violent relationship as adults; 4. women who enter shelters that have all the programs they feel are necessary in order to allow them to successfully become independent will have a higher "success" rate than women who enter shelters that do not have programs that they feel are needed for their individual success. Actual financial dependence was the most significant factor relevant to the women's decision. It is concluded that more research is needed to thoroughly examine these factors.
Frobenius restricted varieties in numerical semigroups
Creators: name: Robles-Pérez, Aureliano M.
name: Rosales, José Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20M14

description: The common behaviour of many families of numerical semigroups led up to defining, firstly, the Frobenius varieties and, secondly, the (Frobenius) pseudo-varieties. However, some interesting families are still out of these definitions. To overcome this situation, here we introduce the concept of restricted Frobenius variety (or R-variety). We will generalize most of the results for varieties and pseudo-varieties to R-varieties. In particular, we will study the tree structure that arise within them.
description: 22 pages
title: Ireland and the lifelong learning curve
title: The intergenerational contribution to digital literacy for life
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Flynn, Sandra
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2023

description: In 2021, data on Internet usage for those aged 75 years and older in Ireland indicated that almost half of this cohort (46%) had never accessed the Internet (Central Statistics Office, 2021b). This study examines the role of intergenerational and peer relationships in the digital lives of older adults in Ireland, first, to explore perspectives on lifelong learning, and second, to understand the perceived impacts of digital engagement on personal quality of life in later years. A case study was employed as the overarching methodological approach. Data from participants were collected using a mixed methods approach through an online survey, and interviews with participants, representing two cases as units of analysis - onliners and offliners. These data were collected and analysed using a constructivist grounded theory approach. My findings indicate that intergenerational relationships support the development of digital skills of older adults in this study. The generations, however, are largely adjacent (sons and daughters) rather than non-adjacent (grandchildren) and these learning exchanges are informal. While the study did not set out to examine learning between members of the same generation, it found that questions surrounding digital technologies were best addressed on an individual level, often from a same generation peer, whether household member, family or other relative, friend or member of one’s social environment. There was evidence of indirect reciprocity from these learning exchanges to a participant’s peers. Lifelong learning is important to perceived positive quality of life amongst many older adults. Research into peer learning in informal social and community environments for older adults has been scarcely addressed up to now. This thesis highlights that it is here that much later-life learning relating to digital skills takes place. Building on Rogoff’s model (Rogoff, 1994), a community-of-peer learners that would involve informal intentional and incidental learning, from one another and together, about digital skills is proposed.
Quantum sheaf cohomology on Grassmannians
Creators: name: Guo, Jirui
name: Lu, Zhentao
name: Sharpe, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the quantum sheaf cohomology of Grassmannians with deformations of the tangent bundle. Quantum sheaf cohomology is a (0,2) deformation of the ordinary quantum cohomology ring, realized as the OPE ring in A/2-twisted theories. Quantum sheaf cohomology has previously been computed for abelian gauged linear sigma models (GLSMs); here, we study (0,2) deformations of nonabelian GLSMs, for which previous methods have been intractable. Combined with the classical result, the quantum ring structure is derived from the one-loop effective potential. We also utilize recent advances in supersymmetric localization to compute A/2 correlation functions and check the general result in examples. In this paper we focus on physics derivations and examples; in a companion paper, we will provide a mathematically rigorous derivation of the classical sheaf cohomology ring.
description: 60 pages, LaTeX; v2:identifier added to reference; v3:typos fixed
Precise Deviations Results for the Maxima of Some Determinantal Point Processes: the Upper Tail
Creators: name: Eichelsbacher, Peter
name: Kriecherbauer, Thomas
name: Schüler, Katharina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove precise deviations results in the sense of Cramér and Petrov for the upper tail of the distribution of the maximal value for a special class of determinantal point processes that play an important role in random matrix theory. Here we cover all three regimes of moderate, large and superlarge deviations for which we determine the leading order description of the tail probabilities. As a corollary of our results we identify the region within the regime of moderate deviations for which the limiting Tracy-Widom law still predicts the correct leading order behavior. Our proofs use that the determinantal point process is given by the Christoffel-Darboux kernel for an associated family of orthogonal polynomials. The necessary asymptotic information on this kernel has mostly been obtained in [Kriecherbauer T., Schubert K., Schüler K., Venker M., Markov Process. Related Fields 21 (2015), 639-694]. In the superlarge regime these results of do not suffice and we put stronger assumptions on the point processes. The results of the present paper and the relevant parts of [Kriecherbauer T., Schubert K., Schüler K., Venker M., Markov Process. Related Fields 21 (2015), 639-694] have been proved in the dissertation [Schüler K., Ph.D. Thesis, Universität Bayreuth, 2015].
description: 18 pages
title: Custódio Pereira
Creators: name: Araujo, Renata
Publisher: name: CHAM, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa
Year: 2022

description: Entrada biográfica sobre Custódio Pereira, na plataforma eViterbo
description: Araújo, Renata. 2022.  in eViterbo. CHAM, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. eISBN: 978-989-8492-77-7
Supplements from Phenological mismatch affects individual fitness and population growth in the winter moth
Creators: name: van Dis, Natalie E.
name: Sieperda, Geert-Jan
name: Bansal, Vidisha
name: van Lith, Bart
name: Wertheim, Bregje
name: Visser, Marcel E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Supplementary material containing all model output and additional figures.
Interpolative Butterfly Factorization
Creators: name: Li, Yingzhou
name: Yang, Haizhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper introduces the interpolative butterfly factorization for nearly optimal implementation of several transforms in harmonic analysis, when their explicit formulas satisfy certain analytic properties and the matrix representations of these transforms satisfy a complementary low-rank property. A preliminary interpolative butterfly factorization is constructed based on interpolative low-rank approximations of the complementary low-rank matrix. A novel sweeping matrix compression technique further compresses the preliminary interpolative butterfly factorization via a sequence of structure-preserving low-rank approximations. The sweeping procedure propagates the low-rank property among neighboring matrix factors to compress dense submatrices in the preliminary butterfly factorization to obtain an optimal one in the butterfly scheme. For an $N\times N$ matrix, it takes $O(N\log N)$ operations and complexity to construct the factorization as a product of $O(\log N)$ sparse matrices, each with $O(N)$ nonzero entries. Hence, it can be applied rapidly in $O(N\log N)$ operations. Numerical results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of this algorithm.
Cannibals in the thick disk: the young $α-$rich stars as evolved blue stragglers
Creators: name: Jofre, P.
name: Jorissen, A.
name: Van Eck, S.
name: Izzard, R. G.
name: Masseron, T.
name: Hawkins, K.
name: Gilmore, G.
name: Paladini, C.
name: Escorza, A.
name: Blanco-Cuaresma, S.
name: Manick, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectro-seismic measurements of red giants enabled the recent discovery of stars in the thick disk that are more massive than 1.4 M_sun. While it has been claimed that most of these stars are younger than the rest of the typical thick disk stars, we show evidence that they might be products of mass transfer in binary evolution, notably evolved blue stragglers. We took new measurements of the radial velocities in a sample of 26 stars from APOKASC, including 13 "young" stars and 13 "old" stars with similar stellar parameters but with masses below 1.2 M_sun and found that more of the "young" stars appear to be in binary systems with respect to the "old" stars. Furthermore, we show that the "young" stars do not follow the expected trend of [C/H] ratios versus mass for individual stars. However, with a population synthesis of low-mass stars including binary evolution and mass transfer, we can reproduce the observed [C/N] ratios versus mass. Our study shows how asteroseismology of solar-type red giants provides us with a unique opportunity to study the evolution of field blue stragglers after they have left the main-sequence.
description: to be published in A&A after new RV measurements during 2016
Superconductivity in the antiperovskite Dirac-metal oxide Sr$_3$SnO
Creators: name: Oudah, Mohamed
name: Ikeda, Atsutoshi
name: Hausmann, Jan Niklas
name: Yonezawa, Shingo
name: Fukumoto, Toshiyuki
name: Kobayashi, Shingo
name: Sato, Masatoshi
name: Maeno, Yoshiteru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oxides with perovskite-based structures have been known as essential materials for fascinating phenomena such as high-temperature and unconventional superconductivity. Discoveries of these oxide superconductors have driven the science community to vastly extend the concepts of strongly correlated electron systems. The base of these materials, the cubic perovskite oxides, $AB$O$_3$, also exhibit superconductivity with $T_{\mathrm{c}}$ of up to 30 K, as reported for Ba$_{0.6}$K$_{0.4}$BiO$_3$. Perovskite oxides have their counterparts, antiperovskite oxides $A_3B$O (or "$B$O$A_3$"), in which the position of metal and oxygen ions are reversed and therefore metallic $B$ ions take unusual negative valence states. However, no superconductivity has been reported among antiperovskite oxides. Here, we report the discovery of the first superconducting antiperovskite oxide Sr$_3$SnO with $T_{\mathrm{c}}$ of around 5 K. Sr$_3$SnO possesses Dirac points in its electronic structure, originating from the inversion of bands with different parities. Based on theoretical analysis, we propose possibility of topological odd-parity superconductivity analogous to the superfluid $^3$He-B, in moderately hole-doped Sr$_3$SnO, originating from unusual orbital texture on the Fermi surface. We envision that this discovery of a new class of oxide superconductor with the inverted valence configuration will stimulate the exploration of topological materials science based on a variety of antiperovskite oxides.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures
Invisible Punishments: Causes And Collateral Consequences Of Racial Profiling and Incarceration In The United States
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Aryan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 180110 Criminal Law and Procedure
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Personality, Social and Criminal Psychology

description:
 A paper on how incarceration and racial profiling negatively affect black Americans in the United States of America. This paper focuses on three main areas of collateral consequences: a restriction against public benefits, limited employment and pay, and loss of civil rights in both the prison system and when reentering society where the majority of these black incarcerated individuals were in poverty before incarceration.
Backus, William und Chapian, Marie: Befreiende Wahrheit
Creators: name: Stoll, Claus-Dieter
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 1821124596
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 2 (1988): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 2
Herbst, Michael: Missionarischer Gemeindeaufbau in der Volkskirche
Creators: name: Kley, Friedemann
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 1821124413
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 2 (1988): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 2
Additional file 1 of VR-based health and safety training in various high-risk engineering industries: a literature review
Creators: name: Toyoda, Ryo
name: Russo-Abegão, Fernando
name: Glassey, Jarka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Summary table of each article reviewed.
Phenomenology of Strongly Coupled Chiral Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Bai, Yang
name: Berger, Joshua
name: Osborne, James
name: Stefanek, Ben A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A sector with QCD-like strong dynamics is common in models of non-standard physics. Such a model could be accessible in LHC searches if both confinement and big-quarks charged under the confining group are at the TeV scale. Big-quark masses at this scale can be explained if the new fermions are chiral under a new $U(1)^\prime$ gauge symmetry such that their bare masses are related to the $U(1)^\prime$-breaking and new confinement scales. Here we present a study of a minimal GUT-motivated and gauge anomaly-free model with implications for the LHC Run 2 searches. We find that the first signatures of such models could appear as two gauge boson resonances. The chiral nature of the model could be confirmed by observation of a $Z^\prime γ$ resonance, where the $Z^\prime$ naturally has a large leptonic branching ratio because of its kinetic mixing with the hypercharge gauge boson.
description: Version accepted for publication in JHEP
Understanding the H-T phase diagram of the mono-axial helimagnet
Creators: name: Laliena, Victor
name: Campo, Javier
name: Kousaka, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some unexpected features of the phase diagram of the monoaxial helimagnet in presence of an applied magnetic field perpendicular to the chiral axis are theoretically predicted. A rather general hamiltonian with long range Heisenberg exchange and Dzyaloshinskii--Moriya interactions is considered. The continuum limit simplifies the free energy, which contains only a few parameters which in principle are determined by the many parameters of the hamiltonian, although in practice they may be tuned to fit the experiments. The phase diagram contains a Chiral Soliton Lattice phase and a forced ferromagnetic phase separated by a line of phase transitions, which are of second order at low T and of first order in the vicinity of the zero-field ordering temperature, and are separated by a tricritical point. A highly non linear Chiral Soliton Lattice, in which many harmonics contribute appreciably to the spatial modulation of the local magnetic moment, develops only below the tricritical temperature, and in this case the scaling shows a logarithmic behaviour similar to that at T=0, which is a universal feature of the Chiral Soliton Lattice. Below the tricritical temperature, the normalized soliton density curves are found to be independent of T, in agreement with the experimental results of magnetorresistance curves, while above the tricritical temperature they show a noticeable temperature dependence. The implications in the interpretation of experimental results of CrNb3S6 are discussed.
description: 11 pages, 17 figures. Enlarged version, with more details and results. To be publisehd in Phys. Rev. B
Affine Hirsch foliations on 3-manifolds
Creators: name: Yu, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is devoted to discussing affine Hirsch foliations on $3$-manifolds. First, we prove that up to isotopic leaf-conjugacy, every closed orientable $3$-manifold $M$ admits $0$, $1$ or $2$ affine Hirsch foliations. Furthermore, every case is possible. Then, we analyze the $3$-manifolds admitting two affine Hirsch foliations (abbreviated as Hirsch manifolds). On the one hand, we construct Hirsch manifolds by using exchangeable braided links (abbreviated as DEBL Hirsch manifolds); on the other hand, we show that every Hirsch manifold virtually is a DEBL Hirsch manifold. Finally, we show that for every $n\in \mathbb{N}$, there are only finitely many Hirsch manifolds with strand number $n$. Here the strand number of a Hirsch manifold $M$ is a positive integer defined by using strand numbers of braids.
description: 30pages, 4 figures, to appear at Algebr. Geom. Topol
title: Paid to care
title: exploring emotional management in domiciliary care
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Harrison, Rosie
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Care work
emotional labour
domiciliary care
Gendered work

description: This thesis explores the emotional aspects of carework and how they relate to the provision of care within the specific economic and employment conditions of domiciliary care, where carers provide social care within the client’s home. The principal aim of this research is to provide a deeper understanding of the lived experiences of paid carers, by exploring how they complete care tasks which can be emotionally provocative for both carer and client. This requires theorising care provision as practice and theorising emotion as embodied and relational. Whilst my previous experiences working in the care sector have provided the impetus for the research, I wanted the data to reflect my participants’ experiences and concerns. Thus, I adopted an ethnographic methodology so that I could be led by participants and capture their lived experiences. Fieldwork were conducted in one domiciliary care company in North West England, and data were generated through observations in the care office, shadowing carers as they provided care within clients’ homes, and semi-structured interviews with carers and care office staff. My findings reveal the ways in which the spatial, relational and embodied aspects of carework can both provoke emotional responses and be used by carers to mitigate these emotional responses, pointing to the ways in which emotional management is embedded within the specificities of the interaction. An emotionally conducive interaction is based on the negotiation of recognisable ‘care-giver’ and ‘care-recipient’ subject positions, problematising the ways in which social care provision is organised and financialised as standardisable care tasks. One of the main contributions of this thesis is to highlight the ways in which the provision of care is embedded within spatial, temporal, embodied, emotional and relational specificities of the care relationship and the employment context, offering a more complex and nuanced perspective of both carework and emotional management.
Slippery but tough - the rapid fracture of lubricated frictional interfaces
Creators: name: Bayart, Elsa
name: Svetlizky, Ilya
name: Fineberg, Jay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the onset of friction for rough contacting blocks whose interface is coated with a thin lubrication layer. High speed measurements of the real contact area and stress fields near the interface reveal that propagating shear cracks mediate lubricated frictional motion. While lubricants reduce interface resistances, surprisingly, they significantly increase energy dissipated, $Γ$, during rupture. Moreover, lubricant viscosity affects the onset of friction but has no effect on $Γ$. Fracture mechanics provide a new way to view the otherwise hidden complex dynamics of the lubrication layer.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Phentermine/Topiramate: Pediatric First Approval
Creators: name: Dhillon, Sohita
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. Sohita Dhillon is a contracted employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content. Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability Not applicable. Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here. Abstract Phentermine/topiramate extended-release capsule (Qsymia®) is a fixed-dose combination of phentermine and topiramate, which is being developed by VIVUS (a subsidiary of Icahn Enterprises) for the treatment of obesity, sleep apnoea syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The once-daily formulation of phentermine (a sympathomimetic amine) and topiramate is designed to combat obesity by decreasing appetite and increasing satiety. In July 2022, phentermine/topiramate received its first approval in the USA, as an adjunct to a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity, for chronic weight management in pediatric patients aged ≥ 12 years with BMI in the 95th percentile or greater standardized for age and sex. Phentermine/topiramate is approved in the US and South Korea for obesity in adults. Clinical development of phentermine/topiramate for sleep apnoea syndrome and type-2 diabetes in obese patients and preclinical development for NASH is ongoing in the US. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of phentermine/topiramate leading to this pediatric first approval for chronic weight management in adolescents. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022
Stochastic C-stability and B-consistency of explicit and implicit Milstein-type schemes
Creators: name: Beyn, Wolf-Jürgen
name: Isaak, Elena
name: Kruse, Raphael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65C30, 65L20

description: This paper focuses on two variants of the Milstein scheme, namely the split-step backward Milstein method and a newly proposed projected Milstein scheme, applied to stochastic differential equations which satisfy a global monotonicity condition. In particular, our assumptions include equations with super-linearly growing drift and diffusion coefficient functions and we show that both schemes are mean-square convergent of order 1. Our analysis of the error of convergence with respect to the mean-square norm relies on the notion of stochastic C-stability and B-consistency, which was set up and applied to Euler-type schemes in [Beyn, Isaak, Kruse, J. Sci. Comp., 2015]. As a direct consequence we also obtain strong order 1 convergence results for the split-step backward Euler method and the projected Euler-Maruyama scheme in the case of stochastic differential equations with additive noise. Our theoretical results are illustrated in a series of numerical experiments.
description: 34 pages, 7 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1411.6961
Quantum critical behavior influenced by measurement backaction in ultracold gases
Creators: name: Ashida, Yuto
name: Furukawa, Shunsuke
name: Ueda, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent realizations of quantum gas microscope offer the possibility of continuous monitoring of the dynamics of a quantum many-body system at the single-particle level. By analyzing effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonians of interacting bosons in an optical lattice and continuum, we demonstrate that the backaction of quantum measurement shifts the quantum critical point and gives rise to a unique critical phase beyond the terrain of the standard universality class. We perform mean-field and strong-coupling-expansion analyses and show that non-Hermitian contributions shift the superfluid--to-Mott-insulator transition point. Using a low-energy effective field theory, we discuss critical behavior of the one-dimensional interacting Bose gas subject to the measurement backaction. We derive an exact ground state of the effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian and find a unique critical behavior beyond the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid universality class. We propose experimental implementations of post-selections using quantum gas microscopes to simulate the non-Hermitian dynamics and argue that our results can be investigated with current experimental techniques in ultracold atoms.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Car Type Recognition with Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Huttunen, Heikki
name: Yancheshmeh, Fatemeh Shokrollahi
name: Chen, Ke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we study automatic recognition of cars of four types: Bus, Truck, Van and Small car. For this problem we consider two data driven frameworks: a deep neural network and a support vector machine using SIFT features. The accuracy of the methods is validated with a database of over 6500 images, and the resulting prediction accuracy is over 97 %. This clearly exceeds the accuracies of earlier studies that use manually engineered feature extraction pipelines.
description: To appear in proceedings of IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium 2016
title: Instrumental: Collections from Science. Calculating and Computing
Creators: name: Brazier, Jan
name: McMorrow, Kelsey
Publisher: name: University of Sydney
Year: 2021

description: Instrumental: Collections from Science is a changing display of scientific instruments and apparatus drawn from the Macleay Collections of the Chau Chak Wing Museum. Each iteration focuses on a theme exploring the range and depth of the collection, which reflects the history of science teaching and research at the University. The opening theme, Calculating and Computing, explored the development of instruments from mechanical through to electronic and digital devices.
Melissopalynological investigations of seasonal honey samples from the Greater Kruger National Park, Savanna biome of South Africa
Creators: name: Ndlovu, Nikiwe
name: Neumann, Frank H.
name: Henley, Michelle D.
name: Cook, Robin M.
name: Reynolds, Chevonne
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 20199
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: In melissopalynological studies, the investigation of pollen composition in honey samples reveals the geographical and botanical origin of the samples and links them to the regional climatic conditions. Honeybees (Apis mellifera), collect pollen and nectar for their nutritional requirements based on the seasonal availability of surrounding flora. In this study, pollen content in honey was temporarily investigated for seasonal differences of the bee foraged plants. A melissopalynological investigation was applied to honey samples harvested from 13 beehives located in the Greater Kruger National Park, South Africa. Multivariate statistics (NMDS and Rarefaction curves) were used to show spatial and temporal clustering of the samples. The melissopalynological data were then compared to the species’ flowering season and a botanical survey of the surrounding area. The turnover in pollen composition for different seasons signifies seasonal variation in pollen types. For example, during summer, bees foraged from fewer floral sources. The highest species richness was observed during winter, suggesting a higher dependence on a diversity of floral resources during the driest months. Various seasonal pollen spectra were characterised by a pollen turnover from numerous species, including Combretum type, Sclerocarya birrea, Poaceae, Harpephyllum caffrum and Lannea schweinfurthii but also neophytes such as Medicago sativa. Therefore, honey samples from the Lowveld region in South Africa reflected the seasonal patterns of the surrounding flora although pollen from taxa such as Combretum spp. (average 56%) and Sclerocarya birrea (average 14%) were continuously sought after by bees throughout the year.
Polynomial splitting measures and cohomology of the pure braid group
Creators: name: Hyde, Trevor
name: Lagarias, Jeffrey C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 11R09, Secondary 11R32, 12E20, 12E25

description: We study for each $n$ a one-parameter family of complex-valued measures on the symmetric group $S_n$, which interpolate the probability of a monic, degree $n$, square-free polynomial in $\mathbb{F}_q[x]$ having a given factorization type. For a fixed factorization type, indexed by a partition $λ$ of $n$, the measure is known to be a Laurent polynomial. We express the coefficients of this polynomial in terms of characters associated to $S_n$-subrepresentations of the cohomology of the pure braid group $H^{\bullet}(P_n, \mathbb{Q})$. We deduce that the splitting measures for all parameter values $z= -\frac{1}{m}$ (resp. $z= \frac{1}{m}$), after rescaling, are characters of $S_n$-representations (resp. virtual $S_n$-representations.)
description: To appear in the Arnold Mathematical Journal
Coastal vegetation dynamics in response to climatic and relative sea level changes in Mahanadi River delta, NE coast of India
Creators: name: Samal, Pujarini
name: Singarasubramanian, S. R.
name: Srivastava, Jyoti
name: Jena, Partha Sarathi
name: Shivam, Ajay
name: Bhushan, Ravi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: This research assesses the impacts of climate change and relative sea level (RSL) fluctuations on coastal vegetation during the past 2000 years along the Mahanadi River delta, northeast coast of India. Sediment samples of a 2.6 m trench from Barhatubi area located in the lower flood plain of Mahanadi River delta were studied for sedimentological and pollen analysis. Mangrove succession can be divided into three zones: (1) Freshwater marsh (∼1980–1420 cal yr BP); (2) Tidal flat (∼1420–770 cal yr BP) and (3) Landward mangrove margin (∼770 cal yr BP-Present). A transgressive shift from floodplain freshwater marsh to a tidal flat is recorded between ∼1980–1420 cal yr BP which is evidenced by upland tree taxa, Poaceae, pteridophyte and fungal spores along with low percentage of mangroves such as Avicennia, Sonneratia and Rhizophora representing the landward edge of the tidal region. Dominance of Sonneratia and a decline in terrestrial taxa reflects a rise in the relative sea level around ∼1420 cal yr BP with less freshwater input from land suggesting a weakened monsoon condition. After ∼770 cal yr BP, an overall regressive phase with small cycles of relative sea level rise/fall has been observed due to the dominance of salt tolerant Avicennia along with Rhizophora, Excoecaria agallocha and Aegialitis rotundifolia alternating with Sonneratia and other marine palynomorphs.
Extreme data compression for the CMB
Creators: name: Zablocki, Alan
name: Dodelson, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the Karhunen-Loéve methods to cosmic microwave background (CMB) data sets, and show that we can recover the input cosmology and obtain the marginalized likelihoods in $Λ$ cold dark matter cosmologies in under a minute, much faster than Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. This is achieved by forming a linear combination of the power spectra at each multipole $l$, and solving a system of simultaneous equations such that the Fisher matrix is locally unchanged. Instead of carrying out a full likelihood evaluation over the whole parameter space, we need evaluate the likelihood only for the parameter of interest, with the data compression effectively marginalizing over all other parameters. The weighting vectors contain insight about the physical effects of the parameters on the CMB anisotropy power spectrum $C_l$. The shape and amplitude of these vectors give an intuitive feel for the physics of the CMB, the sensitivity of the observed spectrum to cosmological parameters, and the relative sensitivity of different experiments to cosmological parameters. We test this method on exact theory $C_l$ as well as on a Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP)-like CMB data set generated from a random realization of a fiducial cosmology, comparing the compression results to those from a full likelihood analysis using CosmoMC. After showing that the method works, we apply it to the temperature power spectrum from the WMAP seven-year data release, and discuss the successes and limitations of our method as applied to a real data set.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables, updated to match the published version in PRD
A review of pollen types foraged by Melipona in the Brazilian Amazon
Creators: name: Pimentel, Alyne Daniele Alves
name: De Abreu, Vanessa Holanda Righetti
name: Krug, Cristiane
name: Miranda, Izildinha Souza
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Bees of the genus Melipona found in the Amazon, are investigated given their ecological, sociocultural and economic importance. The objective of this work was to analyze the scientific literature to recognize patterns in the richness of pollen types foraged by Melipona, comparing four methodological approaches. In the literature review, two databases were consulted: Web of Science (WoS) and the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). A record of 18 Melipona species investigated in 23 studies was found. These foraged 498 pollen types distributed in 88 botanical families. Many factors affect this richness. The main factor is the sampling time, which can influence other decisions. The highest richness estimates were found in the 12 month studies. The differences between the vegetation types reflect the patterns of diversity naturally found between them. Material from the meliponaries and bee corbels will result in a greater diversity of pollen types. Although there has been an increase in Melipona studies in the Amazon more effort is needed to fill the gaps in this vast territory.
Carbothioamide Based Pyrazoline Derivative: Synthesis, Single Crystal Structure, DFT/TD-DFT, Hirshfeld Surface Analysis and Biological Studies
Creators: name: Rana, Manish
name: Fatima, Aysha
name: Siddiqui, Nazia
name: Ahmedi, Saiema
name: Dar, Sajad Hussain
name: Manzoor, Nikhat
name: Javed, Saleem
name: Rahisuddin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: In order to develop a potent antifungal agent, a carbothioamide-based pyrazoline derivative (3a) was synthesized. Molecular structure of compound has been confirmed using spectroscopic techniques viz. FT-IR, UV-visible, NMR, Raman spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and single crystal X-ray crystallography. Furthermore, potential antifungal activity of compound 3a was screened against three candida strains such as C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. tropicalis. For antifungal experimental validated by molecular docking study with sterol 14a-demethylase (CYP51) (PDB ID: 5JLC, 5V5Z, 6T1U) by using the Autodock Vina software. Antioxidant assay results suggested that compound possesses good radical scavenging activity against diverse free radical (DPPH). The intercalative mode of interaction of compound with Calf thymus DNA (Ct-DNA) was confirmed from spectroscopic techniques such as UV-vis., fluorescence, cyclic voltammetry and competitive assay using ethidium bromide. B3LYP technique and 6-311 ++ G (d, p) basis set were employed to optimize molecular structure and calculate wavenumbers of normal vibrational modes. A complete depiction of the intermolecular interactions on crystal surfaces is provided by Hirshfeld surface analysis, and fingerprint plots were found. The computed parameters and the experimental bond lengths and bond angles were in good agreement. The chemical shifts of the 1H and 13C-NMR spectra were estimated using the GIAO method and experimental spectra were contrasted. With the aid of the TD-DFT approach and the PCM solvent model, electronic characteristics like UV-Vis (in gas phase, ethanol and DMSO) were examined. The outcomes were then compared to experimental UV-Vis spectra.
Descriptive systematics of Upper Paleocene–Lower Eocene pollen and spores from the northern Niger Delta, southeastern Nigeria
Creators: name: Mander, Luke
name: Jaramillo, Carlos
name: Oboh-Ikuenobe, Francisca
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
classificationCode: 20199
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Fossil pollen and spores are a vital source of information on the geological history of tropical vegetation including reconstructions of vegetation diversity and composition. However, such work relies on a sound taxonomic framework, and this is challenging to achieve because of the large number of pollen and spore morphotypes that are encountered in palynological preparations from tropical sediments. In tropical West Africa, for example, extensive taxonomic work on Cretaceous–Paleogene pollen and spores was undertaken in the later part of the 20th century, but more recent palynological work has focussed on stratigraphy and basin evolution, and there is a need for additional taxonomic work on the pollen and spores of this region. We have undertaken a descriptive systematic study of pollen and spores (sporomorphs) from fifteen sediment sediment samples spanning the Upper Paleocene–Lower Eocene of southeastern Nigeria. A palynoflora consisting of 29 spores, two gymnosperm pollen grains, and 138 angiosperm pollen grains is described. Two new spore species are proposed, and one new genus and 18 new species of angiosperm pollen are proposed. The general vegetation type represented by the palynoflora consists of palm-dominated swamps, perhaps with mangroves. The richness of each sample ranges from 29 to 76 sporomorph taxa, and rarefaction analysis suggests an increase in diversity from the Paleocene to the Eocene in this region. Samples from the Paleocene Upper Nsukka Formation are dominated by pollen with botanical affinities to the Arecaceae (palms) and Araceae (arums), and this assemblage is very similar to the Paleocene in the Neotropics.