cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Beyond I.I.D.: Three Levels of Generalization for Question Answering on Knowledge Bases
Creators: name: Gu, Yu
name: Kase, Sue
name: Vanni, Michelle
name: Sadler, Brian
name: Liang, Percy
name: Yan, Xifeng
name: Su, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: Existing studies on question answering on knowledge bases (KBQA) mainly operate with the standard i.i.d assumption, i.e., training distribution over questions is the same as the test distribution. However, i.i.d may be neither reasonably achievable nor desirable on large-scale KBs because 1) true user distribution is hard to capture and 2) randomly sample training examples from the enormous space would be highly data-inefficient. Instead, we suggest that KBQA models should have three levels of built-in generalization: i.i.d, compositional, and zero-shot. To facilitate the development of KBQA models with stronger generalization, we construct and release a new large-scale, high-quality dataset with 64,331 questions, GrailQA, and provide evaluation settings for all three levels of generalization. In addition, we propose a novel BERT-based KBQA model. The combination of our dataset and model enables us to thoroughly examine and demonstrate, for the first time, the key role of pre-trained contextual embeddings like BERT in the generalization of KBQA.
description: Accepted to TheWebConf 2021 (previously WWW)
Roton instabilities in the superfluid outer core of neutron stars
Creators: name: Granados, J. A. Gil
name: Mateo, A. Muñoz
name: Viñas, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the superfluid dynamics of the outer core of neutron stars by means of a hydrodynamic model made of a neutronic superfluid and a protonic superconductor, coupled by both the dynamic entrainment and the Skyrme SLy4 nucleon-nucleon interactions. The resulting nonlinear equations of motion are probed in the search for dynamical instabilities triggered by the relative motion of the superfluids that could be related to observed timing anomalies in pulsars. Through linear analysis, the origin and expected growth of the instabilities is explored for varying nuclear-matter density. Differently from previous findings, the dispersion of linear excitations in our model shows rotonic structures below the pair-breaking energy threshold, which lies at the origin of the dynamical instabilities, and could eventually lead to emergent vorticity along with modulations of the superfluid density.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. v2: minor changes
Entanglement and the Quantum Brachistochrone Problem
Creators: name: Borras, A.
name: Zander, C.
name: Plastino, A. R.
name: Casas, M.
name: Plastino, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement is closely related to some fundamental features of the dynamics of composite quantum systems: quantum entanglement enhances the "speed" of evolution of certain quantum states, as measured by the time required to reach an orthogonal state. The concept of "speed" of quantum evolution constitutes an important ingredient in any attempt to determine the fundamental limits that basic physical laws impose on how fast a physical system can process or transmit information. Here we explore the relationship between entanglement and the speed of quantum evolution in the context of the quantum brachistochrone problem. Given an initial and a final state of a composite system we consider the amount of entanglement associated with the brachistochrone evolution between those states, showing that entanglement is an essential resource to achieve the alluded time-optimal quantum evolution.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Corrected typos in Eqs. 1 and 2
Determination of the possible quantum numbers for the newly observed $Ξ_b(6227)^0$ state
Creators: name: Azizi, K.
name: Sarac, Y.
name: Sundu, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LHCb Collaboration recently reported the observation of a new excited bottom baryon $Ξ_b(6227)^0$ and announced an improvement in the measurements related to the previously observed $Ξ_b(6227)^-$ state. We conduct an analysis for $Ξ_b(6227)^0$ state considering it as isospin partner of the $Ξ_b(6227)^-$ resonance and possibly $1P$ or $2S$ excited state with spin $J=\frac{3}{2}$. The corresponding masses for both possibilities have consistent results with the experimental data, indicating that only with the mass sum rules, one can not make exact decision on the nature and quantum numbers of this state. To go further, the decays of these possible excited states to $Ξ_b^- π^+$ final state are also considered and the relevant strong coupling constants are extracted from the light cone sum rules. The obtained decay width values support the possibility of $Ξ_b(6227)^0$ to be the $1P$ excited state of $Ξ_b(5945)^0$ baryon.
description: 13 Pages, 2 Figures and 1 Table
The SIS100 laser cooling facility
Creators: name: Winters, D.
name: Beck, T.
name: Birkl, G.
name: Bussmann, M.
name: Hannen, V.
name: Kühl, T.
name: Ma, X.
name: Schramm, U.
name: Siebold, M.
name: Stöhlker, T.
name: Walther, T.
name: Wen, W.
name: Spiller, P.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Balancing Parenthood and Academia: The Challenges and Contradictions of Academic Careers
Creators: name: O'Laughlin, Elizabeth M.
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2017

description: Balancing career and parenthood is a challenging task for women and men from all career paths. However, there are aspects of academic positions that make balancing career and parenthood uniquely challenging. The balance may be especially difficult when individuals are making the transition into academia and parenthood during the same time period. In addition, there are stresses related to time pressures, multiple roles and incompatible expectations which can create work/family conflict for both tenured and non-tenured faculty striving to cope with competing family demands.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 9 (2001)
Simulation of laser cooling of heavy ion beams at high intensities
Creators: name: Eidam, L.
name: Boine-Frankenheim, O.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Additional file 26 of Treatment- and population-specific genetic risk factors for anti-drug antibodies against interferon-beta: a GWAS
Creators: name: Andlauer, Till F. M.
name: Link, Jenny
name: Martin, Dorothea
name: Ryner, Malin
name: Hermanrud, Christina
name: Grummel, Verena
name: Auer, Michael
name: Hegen, Harald
name: Aly, Lilian
name: Gasperi, Christiane
name: Knier, Benjamin
name: Müller-Myhsok, Bertram
name: Jensen, Poul Erik Hyldgaard
name: Sellebjerg, Finn
name: Kockum, Ingrid
name: Olsson, Tomas
name: Pallardy, Marc
name: Spindeldreher, Sebastian
name: Deisenhammer, Florian
name: Fogdell-Hahn, Anna
name: Hemmer, Bernhard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 26. Treatment preparation-specific prediction of the presence of nADA in the replication data: comparison of top models. For each top model, the plots show either the AUC and its 95% CI or Nagelkerke’s pseudo-R2 and its 95% CI. Boxes show the prediction groups (replication data) and columns within each box the training data groups (discovery data). Bonferroni = significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing; nominal = nominally significant (p
Split extended supersymmetry from intersecting branes
Creators: name: Antoniadis, I.
name: Benakli, K.
name: Delgado, A.
name: Quirós, M.
name: Tuckmantel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study string realizations of split extended supersymmetry, recently proposed in hep-ph/0507192. Supersymmetry is broken by small ($ε$) deformations of intersection angles of $D$-branes giving tree-level masses of order $m_0^2\sim εM_s^2$, where $M_s$ is the string scale, to localized scalars. We show through an explicit one-loop string amplitude computation that gauginos acquire hierarchically smaller Dirac masses $m_{1/2}^D \sim m_0^2/M_s$. We also evaluate the one-loop Higgsino mass, $μ$, and show that, in the absence of tree-level contributions, it behaves as $μ\sim m_0^4/M_s^3$. Finally we discuss an alternative suppression of scales using large extra dimensions. The latter is illustrated, for the case where the gauge bosons appear in N=4 representations, by an explicit string model with Standard Model gauge group, three generations of quarks and leptons and gauge coupling unification.
description: 32 pages, 3 figures
Open system approach to Neutrino oscillations in a quantum walk framework
Creators: name: Sahu, Himanshu
name: Chandrashekar, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum simulation provides a computationally-feasible approach to model and study many problems in chemistry, condensed-matter physics, or high-energy physics where quantum phenomenon define the systems behaviour. In high-energy physics, quite a few possible applications are investigated in the context of gauge theories and their application to dynamic problems, topological problems, high-baryon density configurations, or collective neutrino oscillations. In particular, schemes for simulating neutrino oscillations are proposed using a quantum walk framework. In this study, we approach the problem of simulating neutrino oscillation from the perspective of open quantum systems by treating the position space of quantum walk as environment. We have obtained the recurrence relation for Kraus operator which is used to represent the dynamics of the neutrino flavor change in the form of reduced coin states. We establish a connection between the dynamics of reduced coin state and neutrino phenomenology, enabling one to fix the simulation parameters for a given neutrino experiment and reduces the need for extended position space to simulate neutrino oscillations. We have also studied the behavior of linear entropy as a measure of entanglement between different flavors in the same framework.
description: A section on 'Quantum circuit construction of PMNS Matrix' is added
Theory of Sound Propagation in Superfluid Solutions Filled Porous Media
Creators: name: Kekutia, Sh. E.
name: Chkhaidze, N. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theory of the propagation of acoustic waves in a porous medium filled with superfluid solution is developed. The elastic coefficients in the system of equations are expressed in terms of physically measurable quantities. The equations obtained describe all volume modes that can propagate in a porous medium saturated with superfluid solution. Finally, derived equations are applied to the most important particular case when the normal fluid component is locked inside a highly porous media (aerogel) by viscous forces and the velocities of two longitudinal sound modes are calculated.
description: 13 pages, 0 figures
Electroweak Precision Observables: Two-Loop Yukawa Corrections of Supersymmetric Particles
Creators: name: Haestier, J.
name: Heinemeyer, S.
name: Stöckinger, D.
name: Weiglein, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dominant electroweak two-loop corrections to the precision observables M_W and s_w^eff are calculated in the MSSM. They are obtained by evaluating the two-loop Yukawa contributions of O(alpha_t^2), O(alpha_t alpha_b), O(alpha_b^2) to the quantity Delta rho. The result, involving the contributions from Standard Model fermions, sfermions, Higgs bosons and higgsinos, is derived in the gauge-less limit for arbitrary values of the lightest CP-even Higgs boson mass. A thorough discussion of the parameter relations enforced by supersymmetry is given, and two different renormalization schemes are applied. Compared to the previously known result for the quark-loop contribution we find a shift of up to +8 MeV in M_W and -4 * 10^-5 in s_w^eff. Detailed numerical estimates of the remaining uncertainties of M_W and s_w^eff from unknown higher-order contributions are obtained for different values of the supersymmetric mass scale.
description: 35 pages, 16 figures
Additional file 25 of Treatment- and population-specific genetic risk factors for anti-drug antibodies against interferon-beta: a GWAS
Creators: name: Andlauer, Till F. M.
name: Link, Jenny
name: Martin, Dorothea
name: Ryner, Malin
name: Hermanrud, Christina
name: Grummel, Verena
name: Auer, Michael
name: Hegen, Harald
name: Aly, Lilian
name: Gasperi, Christiane
name: Knier, Benjamin
name: Müller-Myhsok, Bertram
name: Jensen, Poul Erik Hyldgaard
name: Sellebjerg, Finn
name: Kockum, Ingrid
name: Olsson, Tomas
name: Pallardy, Marc
name: Spindeldreher, Sebastian
name: Deisenhammer, Florian
name: Fogdell-Hahn, Anna
name: Hemmer, Bernhard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 25. Treatment preparation-specific prediction of the presence of nADA in the replication data: performance of single models. Eight PRS, the top single GWAS variant, and the top HLA allele from the discovery stage. Covariates: sex, age, treatment preparation, treatment duration, titration site, and ancestry components. The plots show the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and its 95% confidence interval (CI). Bonferroni = significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing; nominal = nominally significant (p
The Debates and Unresolved Issues Surrounding Feminist Research and its Distinction from Mainstream Research
Creators: name: Ardovini-Brooker, Joanne
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2017

description: There are many questions surrounding feminism. Since the Women's Movement of the 1960's, there has been an ongoing debate concerning the inclusion of women in leadership roles as well as the role of women in research. The most frequently asked questions concerning women's roles in research, which parallel those of women's leadership roles and styles, are: Is feminist research typically distinct from other more mainstream research within the Social Sciences? And are there specific feminist methods? There has been a long-standing debate addressing such questions. If one believes that feminist research is research about women, by women, and for women, then one may conclude that there are distinct methods that feminists use to study the oppression of women. Also, if one believes, as does Liz Stanley (1993), that there is a direct relationship between feminist consciousness and feminism, then there is research that is distinctly feminist. However, one could argue that no matter what the political ideologies of the researcher, the research methods remain the same. In trying to answer the above posed questions, we need to examine not only political ideologies as suggested by Stanley. We also need to examine the goals of research, the assumptions made by the researcher, the methods utilized by the researcher, the methodology, and epistemology that lay the foundation for research. All these criteria will assist us in making clear distinctions between feminist research and mainstream research. Yet, we must keep in mind that many researchers, including feminist researchers, continue to struggle with the very issues presented in this paper, which remain unresolved. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to grant the reader with an overview of the debates and unresolved issues surrounding feminist research.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 9 (2001)
Increasing the Proportion of Female Superintendents in the 21st Century
Creators: name: Wallace, Teresa
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2017

description: With the proportion of females in the superintendency being 23% in 2012, and increasing by only 0.7% annually, it will take nearly 80 years for females to be proportionately represented in public schools. This study sample consisted of 63 female superintendents, representing 51% of the overall population of female superintendents in the 6 southeastern states where the study took place. The 6 states were chosen because each has approximately the national average of female superintendents. Female superintendents in the six southeastern states were asked what advice they would give to aspiring female superintendents and to recommend strategies for increasing the proportion of females in the superintendency. Participants offered valuable advice to aspiring female superintendents on how to navigate the system and be successful. They recommended practical strategies for attracting female candidates and increasing the proportion of females in the superintendency.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 35 (2015)
Charge-neutral nonlocal response in superconductor-InAs nanowire hybrid devices
Creators: name: Denisov, A. O.
name: Bubis, A. V.
name: Piatrusha, S. U.
name: Titova, N. A.
name: Nasibulin, A. G.
name: Becker, J.
name: Treu, J.
name: Ruhstorfer, D.
name: Koblmueller, G.
name: Tikhonov, E. S.
name: Khrapai, V. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlocal quasiparticle transport in normal-superconductor-normal (NSN) hybrid structures probes sub-gap states in the proximity region and is especially attractive in the context of Majorana research. Conductance measurement provides only partial information about nonlocal response composed from both electron-like and hole-like quasiparticle excitations. In this work, we show how a nonlocal shot noise measurement delivers a missing puzzle piece in NSN InAs nanowire-based devices. We demonstrate that in a trivial superconducting phase quasiparticle response is practically charge-neutral, dominated by the heat transport component with a thermal conductance being on the order of conductance quantum. This is qualitatively explained by numerous Andreev reflections of a diffusing quasiparticle, that makes its charge completely uncertain. Consistently, strong fluctuations and sign reversal are observed in the sub-gap nonlocal conductance, including occasional Andreev rectification signals. Our results prove conductance and noise as complementary measurements to characterize quasiparticle transport in superconducting proximity devices.
description: accepted in Semiconductor Science and Technology (Letter)
Demonstration of quantum-digital payments
Creators: name: Schiansky, Peter
name: Kalb, Julia
name: Sztatecsny, Esther
name: Roehsner, Marie-Christine
name: Guggemos, Tobias
name: Trenti, Alessandro
name: Bozzio, Mathieu
name: Walther, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Digital payments have replaced physical banknotes in many aspects of our daily lives. Similarly to banknotes, they should be easy to use, unique, tamper-resistant and untraceable, but additionally withstand digital attackers and data breaches. Current technology substitutes customers' sensitive data by randomized tokens, and secures the payment's uniqueness with a cryptographic function, called a cryptogram. However, computationally powerful attacks violate the security of these functions. Quantum technology comes with the potential to protect even against infinite computational power. Here, we show how quantum light can secure daily digital payments by generating inherently unforgeable quantum cryptograms. We implement the scheme over an urban optical fiber link, and show its robustness to noise and loss-dependent attacks. Unlike previously proposed protocols, our solution does not depend on long-term quantum storage or trusted agents and authenticated channels. It is practical with near-term technology and may herald an era of quantum-enabled security.
description: Data and supplementary material will be made openly available upon publication
Supplementary document for Micro-cracks Generation and Growth Manipulation by All-Laser Processing for Low Kerf-loss and High Surface Quality SiC Slicing - 7225058.pdf
Creators: name: Liu, Xiangfu
name: Hong, Minghui
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Calculation details of SiC average surface roughness and optimization of laser parameters in all-laser processing.
Quantum measurement driven by spontaneous symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Morikawa, Masahiro
name: Nakamichi, Akika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement process in quantum mechanics is usually described by the von Neumann projection postulate, which forms a basic constituent of the laws of quantum mechanics. Since this postulate requires the outside observer of the system, it is hard to apply quantum mechanics to the whole Universe. Therefore we propose that the quantum measurement process is actually a physical process associated with the ubiquitous mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking. Based on this proposal, we construct a quantum measurement model in which the von Neumann projection is described as the dynamical pro-coherence process. Furthermore, the classically distinguishable pointer parameter emerges as the c-number order parameter in the formalism of closed time-path quantum filed theory. We also discuss the precision of the measurement and the possible deduction of the Born probability postulate.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Supplementary document for Micro-cracks Generation and Growth Manipulation by All-Laser Processing for Low Kerf-loss and High Surface Quality SiC Slicing - 7232502.pdf
Creators: name: Liu, Xiangfu
name: Hong, Minghui
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Optimization of laser processing parameters and average surface roughness calculation
Classification and image processing with a semi-discrete scheme for fidelity forced Allen--Cahn on graphs
Creators: name: Budd, Jeremy
name: van Gennip, Yves
name: Latz, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34B45, 35R02, 34A12, 65N12, 05C99

description: This paper introduces a semi-discrete implicit Euler (SDIE) scheme for the Allen-Cahn equation (ACE) with fidelity forcing on graphs. Bertozzi and Flenner (2012) pioneered the use of this differential equation as a method for graph classification problems, such as semi-supervised learning and image segmentation. In Merkurjev, Kostić, and Bertozzi (2013), a Merriman-Bence-Osher (MBO) scheme with fidelity forcing was used instead, as the MBO scheme is heuristically similar to the ACE. This paper rigorously establishes the graph MBO scheme with fidelity forcing as a special case of an SDIE scheme for the graph ACE with fidelity forcing. This connection requires using the double-obstacle potential in the ACE, as was shown in Budd and Van Gennip (2020) for ACE without fidelity forcing. We also prove that solutions of the SDIE scheme converge to solutions of the graph ACE with fidelity forcing as the SDIE time step tends to zero. Next, we develop the SDIE scheme as a classification algorithm. We also introduce some innovations into the algorithms for the SDIE and MBO schemes. For large graphs, we use a QR decomposition method to compute an eigendecomposition from a Nyström extension, which outperforms the method used in e.g. Bertozzi and Flenner (2012) in accuracy, stability, and speed. Moreover, we replace the Euler discretisation for the scheme's diffusion step by a computation based on the Strang formula for matrix exponentials. We apply this algorithm to a number of image segmentation problems, and compare the performance of the SDIE and MBO schemes. We find that whilst the general SDIE scheme does not perform better than the MBO special case at this task, our other innovations lead to a significantly better segmentation than that from previous literature. We also empirically quantify the uncertainty that this segmentation inherits from the randomness in the Nyström extension.
description: 41 pages, 17 figures
Leadership Practices of Texas Female Superintendents
Creators: name: Garrett-Staib, Jessica
name: Burkman, Amy
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2017

description: For the purposes of this study, the Leadership Practices Inventory was administered to 82 superintendents in Texas and data including demographic information regarding the district size, gender, and age of the participants was collected. Superintendents in Texas were selected for two reasons: the study met the needs of universities in Texas, and the superintendent pool in Texas contains a wide variety of school sizes and demographics. The Leadership Practice Inventory (LPI) was selected because the validity and reliability has been assessed nationally and because it measures individual leadership practices rather than theoretical applications. The goal of this study is to look at practices and behaviors of women compared to men in the superintendency.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 35 (2015)
Additional file 27 of Treatment- and population-specific genetic risk factors for anti-drug antibodies against interferon-beta: a GWAS
Creators: name: Andlauer, Till F. M.
name: Link, Jenny
name: Martin, Dorothea
name: Ryner, Malin
name: Hermanrud, Christina
name: Grummel, Verena
name: Auer, Michael
name: Hegen, Harald
name: Aly, Lilian
name: Gasperi, Christiane
name: Knier, Benjamin
name: Müller-Myhsok, Bertram
name: Jensen, Poul Erik Hyldgaard
name: Sellebjerg, Finn
name: Kockum, Ingrid
name: Olsson, Tomas
name: Pallardy, Marc
name: Spindeldreher, Sebastian
name: Deisenhammer, Florian
name: Fogdell-Hahn, Anna
name: Hemmer, Bernhard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 27. Comparison of allele frequencies for HLA-DRB1*15:01 and HLA-DRB1*04:01. The allele frequencies (AF) were queried from allelefrequencies.net on July 27th 2020 [48]. All four-digit European Silver and Gold populations with data on both HLA-DRB1*15:01 and HLA-DRB1*04:01 were used and populations with relative differences for both alleles are shown (i.e., with an AF above or below the average for one allele without the other allele being in the same group). Populations with an AF below the average for HLA-DRB1*15:01 and above the average for HLA-DRB1*04:01 are colored in green. Populations with an AF above the average for HLA-DRB1*15:01 and below the average for HLA-DRB1*04:01 are colored in magenta. In addition, the European populations with the highest or lowest AF for the respective allele (if not already present) as well as the largest German population and the Swedish SweHLA sample [47] are shown in gray.
Automated calculation of Jet fragmentation at NLO in QCD
Creators: name: Liu, ChongYang
name: Shen, XiaoMin
name: Zhou, Bin
name: Gao, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present FMNLO, a framework to combine general-purpose Monte Carlo generators and fragmentation functions (FFs). It is based on a hybrid scheme of phase-space slicing method and local subtraction method, and accurate to next-to-leading order (NLO) in QCD. The new framework has been interfaced to MG5 aMC@NLO and made publicly available in this work. We demonstrate its unique ability by giving theoretical predictions of various fragmentation measurements at the LHC, followed by comparison with the data. With the help of interpolation techniques, FMNLO allows for fast calculation of fragmentation processes for a large number of different FFs, which makes it a promising tool for future fits of FFs. As an example, we perform a NLO fit of parton fragmentation functions to unidentified charged hadrons using measurements at the LHC. We find the ATLAS data from inclusive dijet production show a strong constraining power. Notable disparities are found between our gluon FF and that of BKK, DSS and NNFF, indicating the necessities of additional constraints and data for gluon fragmentation function.
description: 35 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables; comments are welcome
Noncommutative Harmonic Analysis, Sampling Theory and the Duflo Map in 2+1 Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Freidel, L.
name: Majid, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the $\star$-product for $U(su_2)$, group Fourier transform and effective action arising in [1] in an effective theory for the integer spin Ponzano-Regge quantum gravity model are compatible with the noncommutative bicovariant differential calculus, quantum group Fourier transform and noncommutative scalar field theory previously proposed for 2+1 Euclidean quantum gravity using quantum group methods in [2]. The two are related by a classicalisation map which we introduce. We show, however, that noncommutative spacetime has a richer structure which already sees the half-integer spin information. We argue that the anomalous extra `time' dimension seen in the noncommutative geometry should be viewed as the renormalisation group flow visible in the coarse-graining in going from $SU_2$ to $SO_3$. Combining our methods we develop practical tools for noncommutative harmonic analysis for the model including radial quantum delta-functions and Gaussians, the Duflo map and elements of `noncommutative sampling theory'. This allows us to understand the bandwidth limitation in 2+1 quantum gravity arising from the bounded $SU_2$ momentum and to interpret the Duflo map as noncommutative compression. Our methods also provide a generalised twist operator for the $\star$-product.
description: 53 pages latex, no figures; extended the intro for this final version
Transverse BTF of bunched beams with Gaussian charge density at high energy
Creators: name: Görgen, P.
name: Boine-Frankenheim, O.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Images in Global Circulation: A Multi-Scalar Approach
Creators: name: Carboni, Nicola
name: Prunel, Béatrice Joyeux
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: digital art history
digital humanities
visual globalisation

description: Pictures are the tangible traces of our visual world. They are the materialisation of a classifiable, datable, and localizable object; a vocabulary of expressions that, when examined on a large scale, becomes key to understanding changes in visuality over time and space. This is precisely the goal of Visual Contagions, a project at the University of Geneva that aims to use computational analysis to understand what images circulate and how some of them become iconic. To achieve this goal we have developed a novel multi-scalar analysis that combines computational exploration of visual similarities with spatiotemporal classification. The method is applied to a global and diachronic corpus of illustrated periodicals, using algorithms to compare images extracted from the pages and group them into image-types: Vectors of visually similar images. The components of the image-types are then interconnected using their spatiotemporal properties and examined using a combination of digital and traditional art historical methods. The initial result will lead to a panoramic study of globalisation through images, encompassing both their geography and their structural and conjunctural logics of circulation. This study will help to make clear the nature of the iconic, how it manifests itself and how it circulates. Using the outcome from the distant reading, the identified iconic features will be further explored drawing from traditional historical methods, thus making evident the aesthetic, social and historical reasons for the emergence and diffusion of the iconic. The contribution present the first results of the project, focusing on the analysis of a large global corpus of images (120 countries – 6 millions pictures) from illustrated magazines published between 1890 and 1990, and showcasing what circulated most, when, how, and through what type of media.
Computation and bench measurements of beam coupling impedance
Creators: name: Niedermayer, U.
name: Eidam, L.
name: Boine-Frankenheim, O.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Environment induced incoherent controllability
Creators: name: Romano, Raffaele
name: D'Alessandro, Domenico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that the environment induced entanglement between two non interacting, two-dimensional quantum systems S and P can be used to control the dynamics of S by means of the initial state of P. Using a simple, exactly solvable model, we show that both accessibility and controllability of S can be achieved under suitable conditions on the interaction of S and P with the environment.
description: revtex4, 5 pages
Additional file 2 of Treatment- and population-specific genetic risk factors for anti-drug antibodies against interferon-beta: a GWAS
Creators: name: Andlauer, Till F. M.
name: Link, Jenny
name: Martin, Dorothea
name: Ryner, Malin
name: Hermanrud, Christina
name: Grummel, Verena
name: Auer, Michael
name: Hegen, Harald
name: Aly, Lilian
name: Gasperi, Christiane
name: Knier, Benjamin
name: Müller-Myhsok, Bertram
name: Jensen, Poul Erik Hyldgaard
name: Sellebjerg, Finn
name: Kockum, Ingrid
name: Olsson, Tomas
name: Pallardy, Marc
name: Spindeldreher, Sebastian
name: Deisenhammer, Florian
name: Fogdell-Hahn, Anna
name: Hemmer, Bernhard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2. Additional details supporting the Methods section
Exact and model exchange-correlation potentials for open-shell systems
Creators: name: Kanungo, Bikash
name: Hatch, Jeffrey
name: Zimmerman, Paul M.
name: Gavini, Vikram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conventional approaches to the inverse density functional theory problem typically assume non-degeneracy of the Kohn-Sham (KS) eigenvalues, greatly hindering their use in open-shell systems. We present a generalization of the inverse density functional theory problem that can seamlessly admit degenerate KS eigenvalues. Additionally, we allow for fractional occupancy of the Kohn-Sham orbitals to also handle non-interacting ensemble-v-representable densities, as opposed to just non-interacting pure-v-representable densities. We present the exact exchange-correlation (XC) potentials for six open-shell systems -- four atoms (Li, C, N, and O) and two molecules (CN and $\text{CH}_2$) -- using accurate ground-state densities from configuration interaction calculations. We compare these exact XC potentials with model XC potentials obtained using non-local (B3LYP, SCAN0) and local/semi-local (SCAN, PBE, PW92) XC functionals. Although the relative errors in the densities obtained from these DFT functionals are of $\mathcal{O}(10^{-3}-10^{-2})$, the relative errors in the model XC potentials remain substantially large -- $\mathcal{O}(10^{-1}-10^0)$.
Semi-relativistic approximation to gravitational radiation from encounters with nonspinning black holes
Creators: name: Gair, Jonathan R
name: Kennefick, Daniel J
name: Larson, Shane L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The capture of compact bodies by black holes in galactic nuclei is an important prospective source for low frequency gravitational wave detectors, such as the planned Laser Interferometer Space Antenna. This paper calculates, using a semirelativistic approximation, the total energy and angular momentum lost to gravitational radiation by compact bodies on very high eccentricity orbits passing close to a supermassive, nonspinning black hole; these quantities determine the characteristics of the orbital evolution necessary to estimate the capture rate. The semirelativistic approximation improves upon treatments which use orbits at Newtonian-order and quadrupolar radiation emission, and matches well onto accurate Teukolsky simulations for low eccentricity orbits. Formulae are presented for the semirelativistic energy and angular momentum fluxes as a function of general orbital parameters.
description: 27 pages, 12 figures; v2: revised manuscript includes small changes to make paper consistent with published version; v3: a statement about how to generalise our results to hyperbolic orbits was incorrect, new version includes published erratum as an appendix
Neutron scattering investigation of proposed Kosterlitz-Thouless transitions in the triangular-lattice Ising antiferromagnet TmMgGaO4
Creators: name: Dun, Zhiling
name: Daum, Marcus
name: Baral, Raju
name: Fischer, Henry E.
name: Cao, Huibo
name: Liu, Yaohua
name: Stone, Matthew B.
name: Rodriguez-Rivera, Jose A.
name: Choi, Eun Sang
name: Huang, Qing
name: Zhou, Haidong
name: Mourigal, Martin
name: Frandsen, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transverse-field Ising model on the triangular lattice is expected to host an intermediate finite-temperature Kosterlitz-Thouless (KT) phase through a mapping of the spins on each triangular unit to a complex order parameter. TmMgGaO$_4$ is a candidate material to realize such physics due to the non-Kramers nature of Tm$^{3+}$ ion and the resulting two-singlet single-ion ground state. Using inelastic neutron scattering, we confirm this picture by determining the leading parameters of the low-energy effective Hamiltonian of TmMgGaO$_4$. Subsequently, we track the predicted KT phase and related transitions by inspecting the field and temperature dependence of the ac susceptibility. We further probe the spin correlations in both reciprocal space and real space via single crystal neutron diffraction and magnetic total scattering techniques, respectively. Magnetic pair distribution function analysis provides evidence for the formation of vortex-antivortex pairs that characterize the proposed KT phase around 5~K. Although structural disorder influences the field-induced behavior of TmMgGaO$_4$, the magnetism in zero field appears relatively free from these effects. These results position TmMgGaO$_4$ as a strong candidate for a solid-state realization of KT physics in a dense spin system.
Climbing the Ladder, Holding the Ladder: The Mentoring Experiences of Higher Education Female Leaders
Creators: name: Searby, Linda
name: Ballenger, Julia
name: Tripses, Jenny
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2017

description: Female administrators in comprehensive research universities were surveyed to gain their perceptions on their mentoring experiences. The females affirmed they had informal mentors in roles of sponsor, counselor, coach, and teacher, and they are also mentoring others. The findings both confirmed and contradicted former studies on females in higher education.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 35 (2015)
Emittance growth in bunches with space charge due to damping of transverse oscillations
Creators: name: Karpov, I.
name: Kornilov, V.
name: Boine-Frankenheim, O.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Finding Courage and Confirmation: Resisting Impostor Feelings through Relationships with Mentors, Romantic Partners, and Other Women in Leadership
Creators: name: Sanford, Amy Aldridge
name: Ross, Elaina M. Ross M.
name: Blake, Shawna J.
name: Cambiano, Renée L.
Publisher: name: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal
Year: 2017

description: The Impostor Phenomenon (IP) has recently reappeared in popular culture as a result of the bestseller Lean In. IP asserts that many successful people feel like frauds that will be discovered in time. Twenty-nine women in leadership were interviewed in this qualitative study, and it was discovered that the majority of them do not have impostor feelings. Their confidence can be attributed to strong relationships with mentors, romantic partners, and other women in leadership.
description: Advancing Women in Leadership Journal, Vol. 35 (2015)
Twistronics of Kekulé Graphene: Honeycomb and Kagome Flat Bands
Creators: name: Scheer, Michael G.
name: Lian, Biao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kekulé-O order in graphene, which has recently been realized experimentally, induces Dirac electron masses on the order of $m \sim 100 \text{meV}$. We show that twisted bilayer graphene in which one or both layers have Kekulé-O order exhibits nontrivial flat electronic bands on honeycomb and kagome lattices. When only one layer has Kekulé-O order, there is a parameter regime for which the lowest four bands at charge neutrality form an isolated two-orbital honeycomb lattice model with two flat bands. The bandwidths are minimal at a magic twist angle $θ\approx 0.7^\circ$ and Dirac mass $m \approx 100 \text{meV}$. When both layers have Kekulé-O order, there is a large parameter regime around $θ\approx 1^\circ$ and $m\gtrsim 100 \text{meV}$ in which the lowest three valence and conduction bands at charge neutrality each realize isolated kagome lattice models with one flat band, while the next three valence and conduction bands are flat bands on triangular lattices. These flat band systems may provide a new platform for strongly correlated phases of matter.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures
Gravitational dynamics in the Higgs-dark matter sector toy model: the field theoretic perspective
Creators: name: Nakonieczna, Anna
name: Nakonieczny, Łukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The objective of the paper was to examine gravitational evolutions in the Higgs--dark matter sector toy model. The real part of the Higgs doublet was modelled by a neutral scalar. Two dark matter candidates introduced were the dark photon and a charged complex scalar. Non-minimal couplings of both scalars to gravity were included. The coupling channels between the ordinary and dark matter sectors were kinetic mixing between the electromagnetic and dark $U(1)$ fields and the Higgs portal coupling among the scalars. The structures of emerging singular spacetimes were either of Schwarzschild or Reissner-Nordström types. The non-minimal scalar--gravity couplings led to an appearance of timelike portions of apparent horizons where they transform from spacelike to null. The features of dynamical black holes were described as functions of the model parameters. The black holes formed later and their radii and masses were smaller as the mass parameter of the complex scalar increased. The dependencies on the coupling of the Higgs field to gravity exhibited extrema, which were a maximum for the time of the black holes formation and minima in the cases of their radii and masses. A set of quantities associated with an observer moving with the evolving matter was proposed. The energy density, radial pressure and pressure anisotropy within dynamical spacetimes get bigger as the singularity is approached. The increase is more considerable in the Reissner-Nordström spacetimes. The apparent horizon local temperature changes monotonically in the minimally coupled case and non-monotonically when non-minimal scalar--gravity couplings are involved.
description: 38 pages, 21 figures
Radial Velocity Jitter in Stars from the California and Carnegie Planet Search at Keck Observatory
Creators: name: Wright, J. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present an empirical model for predicting a star's radial velocity jitter from its B-V color, activity level, and absolute magnitude. This model is based on observations of 450 well- observed stars from Keck Observatory for the California and Carnegie Planet Search Program. The model includes noise from both astrophysical sources and systematic errors, and describes jitter as generally increasing with a star's activity and height above the main sequence.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, PASP in press