cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cosmic hierarchy in $f(R)$ gravity
Creators: name: Sami, Heba
name: Abebe, Amare
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this contribution, we investigate hierarchical nature of large-scale structure clustering through the oscillatory nature of the solutions of the Schrödinger-like Friedmann equation in a modified gravitational background described by the $f(R)$ gravity theory. We find the cosmological solutions to the Schrödinger equation for different ranges of $n$ of the $R^{n}$ toy model for both radiation and matter-dominated epochs of the expansion history for open, flat, and closed spacetimes. Our results show that, for certain choices of the model parameters and initial conditions, the formation and distribution of cosmic structures might indeed be hierarchical, leading to a natural explanation for the breakdown of the cosmological principle on small scales.
description: 15 pages and 20 figures
HVDC-WISE Deliverable 8.8 Visual identitly, project website, and social network accounts
Creators: name: McNamara, Paul
name: Hogan, Aisling
name: Lannoye, Eamonn
name: Gonzalez, Juan Carlos
name: Morel, Florent
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: HVDC-WISE
HVDC
AC/DC
Visual identity
Social Media
Project website design

description: Deliverable 8.8 of the HVDC-WISE project outlining the visual identity, project website design, and social network accounts
THE INFLUENCE OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCY TRAINING ON MOTHERS OF CHILDREN WITH CEREBRAL PALSY'S MENTAL HEALTH
Creators: name: MOHAMMAD SHABAN ALSMADI
name: ZAID DAHER KHALAF HAZAIMEH
name: MOH'D ABDEL KARIM ALBDOUR
name: BASSAM AHMAD AJLOUNI
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cerebral Palsy; Mental Health; Mann Whitney; Pre-test; Post-test

description: Abstract
Cerebral palsy causes many physical and functional limits in children's daily lives, causing them to become reliant on their parents, particularly their mothers. As a result, mothers of these children devote a significant amount of time to raising children. Parents of these children, according to the research, have higher levels of tension, stress, and distress than parents of generally growing children. These mothers' quality of life may be harmed as a result of their stress levels. The purpose of this study was to see how professional competency training, as one of the therapies, affected moms of children with cerebral palsy's mental health. In the present study, 40 mothers of children with cerebral palsy were selected at random to intervention or control groups using a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The data was collected using questionnaires. The Mann-Whitney test was used to analyse the data. After professional competency training, moms had considerably lower levels of tension, stress, and distress in their post-test scores than in their pre-test scores, according to data analysis. Professional competency training, in combination with other treatments, appears to be a successful intervention for improving the mental health of mothers of children with cerebral palsy and reducing their tension, stress, and distress.
What is the factorization of.pdf
Creators: name: Hassani, Mohamed Elmansour
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Pure mathematics not elsewhere classified

description: The main motivation behind this paper is the question ‘What is the factorization of (xn +yn) when n is an even positive intege?’ which was and is frequently asked on the Internet by many high school and university students and, to my knowledge, even the specialized textbooks and research articles have not yet answered the question, and with time the question itself transformed into a problem that needs to be solved. In the present article, the question is positively answered and the problem is solved through the detailed study of the factorization that leads directly to an apparently new type of indefinite irrational integrals.
True Internet Personhood: A Comprehensive Analysis of Blockchain-Human DNA Hashing Identification Systems & Protocols.
Creators: name: Weyland, Anthonie Bishop
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Identity
Privacy
Security
Regulation
Ethics
Anonymity
Transparency
Trust
Acceptance
Education
Research
Development
Applications
Future
Hash
DNA

description: The proliferation of advanced bots and synthetic media threatens ethics, rights, and trust online. This paper comprehensively analyzes an emerging solution - linking cryptographic hashes of human DNA biometrics to blockchain-registered digital identities. A robust framework examines the viability, limitations, policies, and research pathways for blockchain-DNA personhood verification. The paper proposes integrating novel DNA hash protocols into internet communication standards to enable multifactor identity authentication. Challenges around access, discrimination, and implementation are highlighted, with recommendations for inclusive governance centered on human rights. Thoughtful development of blockchain-DNA ecosystems could significantly expand digital empowerment but requires a judicious appraisal to actualize equitably.
description: {"references": ["Weyland, Anthonie B. (2023). True Internet Personhood: A Comprehensive Analysis of Blockchain-DNA Identification Systems. Unpublished manuscript.", "Bridle, James (2018). New Dark Age: Technology and the End of the Future. Verso Books.", "Chandler, Jennifer A. (2018). Digital Personhood. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3247286", "Chesney, Robert and Danielle Citron (2019). Deep Fakes: A Looming Challenge for Privacy, Democracy, and National Security. California Law Review 107(6).", "Ferrara, Emilio et al. (2016). The Rise of Social Bots. Communications of the ACM 59(7).", "Hawlitschek, Florian et al. (2016). Trust in the Sharing Economy. Swiss Journal of Business Research and Practice 70(1).", "Jain, Rishabh K. (2018). The Promise and Perils of Digital Personhood. In AI and Ethics (pp. 85-96). Springer.", "Edwards, A., Cheok, M., Zachariah, T., Gao, J., Prasad, G., & Rouskov, A. (2019). How much human is enough? Robot similarity and trust in human-robot interaction. Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2019.00094"]}
Reference list of Figure 4_ Flores-Tornero and Becker_2023_JXB
Creators: name: Flores-Tornero, María
name: Becker, Jörg D
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Plant sperm cells
Isolation
Male gametes

description: This PDF contains the references cited in Figure 4 of the review entitled "50 years of sperm cell isolations: from structural to omic studies" accepted for publication in Open Access by Journal of Experimental Botany in March 2023.
description: In addition to the European Union's funding HORIZON-MSCA-2021-PF-01-01 programme [grant 101059247 to MFT], this work was supported by the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), I.P., [project grant PTDC/BIA-FBT/28484/2017, PTDC-ASP-PLA-2007-2020, CEECIND/03345/2018 to JDB, GREEN-IT - Bioresources for Sustainability R&D Unit [grants UIDB/04551/2020 and UIDP/04551/2020], and LS4FUTURE Associated Laboratory [grant LA/P/0087/2020].
Reflection algebra and functional equations
Creators: name: Galleas, W.
name: Lamers, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work we investigate the possibility of using the reflection algebra as a source of functional equations. More precisely, we obtain functional relations determining the partition function of the six-vertex model with domain-wall boundary conditions and one reflecting end. The model's partition function is expressed as a multiple-contour integral that allows the homogeneous limit to be obtained straightforwardly. Our functional equations are also shown to give rise to a consistent set of partial differential equations for the partition function.
description: v1: 30 pages. v2: 31 pages, figures added, version accepted for publication in Nucl. Phys. B
Degeneracy and hidden symmetry -- an asymmetric quantum Rabi model with an integer bias
Creators: name: Reyes-Bustos, Cid
name: Wakayama, Masato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q10, 34L40, 81S05, 11G05

description: The hidden symmetry of the asymmetric quantum Rabi model (AQRM) with a half-integral bias (ibQRM$_{\ell}$) was uncovered in recent studies by the explicit construction of operators $J_\ell$ commuting with the Hamiltonian. The existence of such symmetry has been widely believed to cause the degeneration of the spectrum, that is, the crossings on the energy curves. In this paper we propose a conjectural relation between the symmetry and degeneracy for the ibQRM$_{\ell}$ given explicitly in terms of two polynomials appearing independently in the respective investigations. Concretely, one of the polynomials appears as the quotient of the constraint polynomials that assure the existence of degenerate solutions while the other determines a quadratic relation (in general, it defines a curve of hyperelliptic type) between the ibQRM$_{\ell}$ Hamiltonian and its basic commuting operator $J_\ell$. Following this conjecture, we derive several interesting structural insights of the whole spectrum. For instance, the energy curves are naturally shown to lie on a surface determined by the family of hyperelliptic curves by considering the coupling constant as a variable. This geometric picture contains the generalization of the parity decomposition of the symmetric quantum Rabi model. Moreover, it allows us to describe a remarkable approximation of the first $\ell$ energy curves by the zero-section of the corresponding hyperelliptic curve. These investigations naturally lead to a geometric picture of the (hyper-)elliptic surfaces given by the Kodaira-Néron type model for a family of curves over the projective line in connection with the energy curves, which may be expected to provide a complex analytic proof of the conjecture.
description: 32 pages, 13 figures. Added hypothesis to Lemma 4.2, extended the discussion of Chapter 5 and Appendix
Inflationary paradigm after Planck 2013
Creators: name: Guth, Alan H.
name: Kaiser, David I.
name: Nomura, Yasunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models of cosmic inflation posit an early phase of accelerated expansion of the universe, driven by the dynamics of one or more scalar fields in curved spacetime. Though detailed assumptions about fields and couplings vary across models, inflation makes specific, quantitative predictions for several observable quantities, such as the flatness parameter ($Ω_k = 1 - Ω$) and the spectral tilt of primordial curvature perturbations ($n_s - 1 = d \ln {\cal P}_{\cal R} / d \ln k$), among others---predictions that match the latest observations from the {\it Planck} satellite to very good precision. In the light of data from {\it Planck} as well as recent theoretical developments in the study of eternal inflation and the multiverse, we address recent criticisms of inflation by Ijjas, Steinhardt, and Loeb. We argue that their conclusions rest on several problematic assumptions, and we conclude that cosmic inflation is on a stronger footing than ever before.
description: 11 pages, no figures; added references, and brief additions to Footnote 1, Section VI, and the Acknowledgments
Note on symmetric BCJ numerator
Creators: name: Fu, Chih-Hao
name: Du, Yi-Jian
name: Feng, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an algorithm that leads to BCJ numerators satisfying manifestly the three properties proposed by Broedel and Carrasco in [35]. We explicitly calculate the numerators at 4, 5 and 6-points and show that the relabeling property is generically satisfied.
description: 14 pages, typo in eq.(4.1)is corrected
Scale-Consistent Fusion: from Heterogeneous Local Sampling to Global Immersive Rendering
Creators: name: Xing, Wenpeng
name: Chen, Jie
name: Yang, Zaifeng
name: Wang, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Image-based geometric modeling and novel view synthesis based on sparse, large-baseline samplings are challenging but important tasks for emerging multimedia applications such as virtual reality and immersive telepresence. Existing methods fail to produce satisfactory results due to the limitation on inferring reliable depth information over such challenging reference conditions. With the popularization of commercial light field (LF) cameras, capturing LF images (LFIs) is as convenient as taking regular photos, and geometry information can be reliably inferred. This inspires us to use a sparse set of LF captures to render high-quality novel views globally. However, fusion of LF captures from multiple angles is challenging due to the scale inconsistency caused by various capture settings. To overcome this challenge, we propose a novel scale-consistent volume rescaling algorithm that robustly aligns the disparity probability volumes (DPV) among different captures for scale-consistent global geometry fusion. Based on the fused DPV projected to the target camera frustum, novel learning-based modules have been proposed (i.e., the attention-guided multi-scale residual fusion module, and the disparity field guided deep re-regularization module) which comprehensively regularize noisy observations from heterogeneous captures for high-quality rendering of novel LFIs. Both quantitative and qualitative experiments over the Stanford Lytro Multi-view LF dataset show that the proposed method outperforms state-of-the-art methods significantly under different experiment settings for disparity inference and LF synthesis.
STROBE checklist for Use and risk of side effects of antiresorptive medication in people with intellectual disabilities
Creators: name: Holt, Tim
name: Frighi, Valeria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other biomedical and clinical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Completed STROBE checklist for the manuscript "Use and risk of side effects of antiresorptive medication in people with intellectual disabilities"
Functional foods to counterbalance low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases: a multilayered strategy combining food and health sciences
Creators: name: Granato, Daniel
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Functional foods (FF) have been studied for various physiologically relevant conditions, especially diet-related chronic diseases, such as type-2 diabetes, hypercholesterolaemia and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In CVD, low-grade sterile inflammation and oxidative/nitrosative stress are at stake and should be mitigated using different approaches, such as the chronic use of medications and radical changes in life/eating habits. Considering the well-known relationship between oxidative stress/ inflammation and CVDs, this paper describes how the development of FF destined to target CVDs should be considered in light of the inflammation and oxidative cascades in vivo. The main target is to counterbalance the effects of oxidation and sustained inflammation by regulating the secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory markers and enhancing endogenous protection systems that will ultimately retard the onset and progression of CVDs. Finally, a multilayered connection between food and health science is highlighted considering the FF context.
Is increasing the superannuation preservation age welfare-improving in Australia?
Creators: name: Dos Santos, Fabio Rodrigues
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: An interesting feature of some developed countries is that they run a three-pillar retirement income system. The pillars are: (1) A means-tested pension; (2) A supplementary pension; and (3) Voluntary employee contributions. The supplementary pension is usually composed of compulsory employer contributions. Governments frequently allow individuals penalty-free access to the supplementary pension prior to the government retirement age, an age known in Australia as `the preservation age'. Under an asset tested pension, early access to the supplementary pension may incentivise individuals to retire early and run down their assessable assets in order to be eligible for the government pension. Using an Overlapping Generations (OLG) model, we analyse the economic implications of two separate policies: (a) Different preservation ages; and (b) The introduction of compulsory employee contributions to the supplementary pension system. We find that increasing the preservation age in Australia, from the current age of 60, with or without compulsory employee contributions is welfare improving in the long-term for every household, except the richest. Allowing households to borrow at the world interest rate, we observe welfare improvement for every household, irrespective of household wealth.
Conductivity of a generic helical liquid
Creators: name: Kainaris, N.
name: Gornyi, I. V.
name: Carr, S. T.
name: Mirlin, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum spin Hall insulator is a two-dimensional state of matter consisting of an insulating bulk and one-dimensional helical edge states. While these edge states are topologically protected against elastic backscattering in the presence of disorder, interaction-induced inelastic terms may yield a finite conductivity. By using a kinetic equation approach, we find the backscattering rate $τ^{-1}$ and the semiclassical conductivity in the regimes of high ($ω\gg τ^{-1}$) and low ($ω\ll τ^{-1}$) frequency. By comparing the two limits, we find that the parametric dependence of conductivity is described by the Drude formula for the case of a disordered edge. On the other hand, in the clean case where the resistance originates from umklapp interactions, the conductivity takes a non-Drude form with a parametric suppression of scattering in the dc limit as compared to the ac case. This behavior is due to the peculiarity of umklapp scattering processes involving necessarily the state at the "Dirac point". In order to take into account Luttinger liquid effects, we complement the kinetic equation analysis by treating interactions exactly in bosonization and calculating conductivity using the Kubo formula. In this way, we obtain the frequency and temperature dependence of conductivity over a wide range of parameters. We find the temperature and frequency dependence of the transport scattering time in a disordered system as $τ\sim [\max{(ω,T)}]^{-2K-2}$, for $K>2/3$ and $τ\sim [\max{(ω,T)}]^{-8K+2}$ for $K <2/3$.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures
Modelo de Questionário de Avaliação dos serviços prestados pela Unidade de Gestão de Pessoas – UGP em Instituições de Ensino Superior Públicas
Creators: name: França, Iermack Maduro
name: Cunha, Nina Rosa Da Silveira
name: Emmendoerfer, Magnus Luiz
name: Moura, Luiz Rodrigo Cunha
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Gestão de Pessoas no Setor Público
Serviços Públicos
Avaliação

description: O Modelo de questionário online para Avaliação dos serviços prestados pela Unidade de Gestão de Pessoas – UGP em Instituições de Ensino Superior Públicas foi idealizado para Universidades Federais no Brasil, conforme pesquisa de dissertação de mestrado em Administração sobre ESCALA DE AVALIAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DOS SERVIÇOS DE GESTÃO DE PESSOAS DAS UNIVERSIDADES PÚBLICAS, concluída em fevereiro de 2020, na Universidade Federal de Viçosa - UFV. Parecer de aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa - 3515373 - https://www2.dti.ufv.br/sisppg/scripts/projetos/verProjeto.php# Link do questionário online original: https://forms.gle/f8ZfNMUCwZTZzm798
description: Uso autorizado desde que mencionado a fonte.
Gravitational Bremsstrahlung and Hidden Supersymmetry of Spinning Bodies
Creators: name: Jakobsen, Gustav Uhre
name: Mogull, Gustav
name: Plefka, Jan
name: Steinhoff, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently established formalism of a worldline quantum field theory, which describes the classical scattering of massive bodies in Einstein gravity, is generalized up to quadratic order in spin -- for a pair of Kerr black holes revealing a hidden ${\mathcal N}=2$ supersymmetry. The far-field time-domain waveform of the gravitational waves produced in such a spinning encounter is computed at leading order in the post-Minkowskian (weak field, but generic velocity) expansion, and exhibits this supersymmetry. From the waveform we extract the leading-order total radiated angular momentum in a generic reference frame, and the total radiated energy in the center-of-mass frame to leading order in a low-velocity approximation.
description: 7 pages + references, 2 figures
The surprising inefficiency of dwarf satellite quenching
Creators: name: Wheeler, Coral
name: Phillips, John I.
name: Cooper, Michael C.
name: Boylan-Kolchin, Michael
name: Bullock, James S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study dwarf satellite galaxy quenching using observations from the Geha et al. (2012) NSA/SDSS catalog together with LCDM cosmological simulations to facilitate selection and interpretation. We show that fewer than 30% of dwarfs (M* ~ 10^8.5-10^9.5 Msun) identified as satellites within massive host halos (Mhost ~ 10^12.5-10^14 Msun) are quenched, in spite of the expectation from simulations that half of them should have been accreted more than 6 Gyr ago. We conclude that whatever the action triggering environmental quenching of dwarf satellites, the process must be highly inefficient. We investigate a series of simple, one-parameter quenching models in order to understand what is required to explain the low quenched fraction and conclude that either the quenching timescale is very long (> 9.5 Gyr, a "slow starvation" scenario) or that the environmental trigger is not well matched to accretion within the virial volume. We discuss these results in light of the fact that most of the low mass dwarf satellites in the Local Group are quenched, a seeming contradiction that could point to a characteristic mass scale for satellite quenching.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
The Las Hoyas Lagerstätte: a palaeontological look to an Early Cretaceous wetland
Creators: name: Marugán-Lobón, Jesús
name: Martín-Abad, Hugo
name: Buscalioni, Ángela D.
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Fig. S1 and systematic list
Floquet control of optomechanical bistability in multimode systems
Creators: name: Pelka, Karl
name: Madiot, Guilhem
name: Braive, Rémy
name: Xuereb, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cavity optomechanical systems enable fine manipulation of nanomechanical degrees of freedom with light, adding operational functionality and impacting their appeal in photonic technologies. We show that distinct mechanical modes can be exploited with a temporally modulated laser drive to steer between bistable steady states induced by changes of cavity radiation pressure. We investigate the influence of thermo-optic nonlinearity on these Floquet dynamics and find that it can inhibit or enhance the performance of the coupling mechanism in contrast to their often performance limiting character. Our results provide new techniques for the characterization of thermal properties and the control of optomechanical systems in sensing and computational applications
Two-photon exchange corrections in elastic muon-proton scattering
Creators: name: Tomalak, O.
name: Vanderhaeghen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the general formalism of two-photon exchange to elastic lepton-nucleon scattering by accounting for all lepton mass terms. We then perform a numerical estimate of the muon-proton scattering at low momentum transfer in view of the future MUSE experiment. For this purpose, we estimate the two-photon exchange corrections to muon-proton scattering observables by considering the contribution of the proton intermediate state, which is expected to dominate at very low momentum transfers. We find that the two-photon exchange effect to the unpolarized muon- proton scattering cross section in the MUSE kinematical region is of the order of 0.5%.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, version published in Phys. Rev. D 90, 013006 (2014)
How crosslink numbers shape the large-scale physics of cytoskeletal materials
Creators: name: Fürthauer, Sebastian
name: Shelley, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cytoskeletal networks are the main actuators of cellular mechanics, and a foundational example for active matter physics. In cytoskeletal networks, motion is generated on small scales by filaments that push and pull on each other via molecular-scale motors. These local actuations give rise to large scale stresses and motion. To understand how microscopic processes can give rise to self-organized behavior on larger scales it is important to consider what mechanisms mediate long-ranged mechanical interactions in the systems. Two scenarios have been considered in the recent literature. The first are systems which are relatively sparse, in which most of the large scale momentum transfer is mediated by the solvent in which cytoskeletal filaments are suspended. The second, are systems in which filaments are coupled via crosslink molecules throughout. Here, we review the differences and commonalities between the physics of these two regimes. We also survey the literature for the numbers that allow us to place a material within either of these two classes.
Molecular dynamics and free energy calculations of clozapine bound to D2 and H1 receptors reveal a cardiometabolic mitigated derivative
Creators: name: Castañeda-Leautaud, Alma C.
name: Vidal-Limon, Abraham
name: Aguila, Sergio A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Most atypical antipsychotics derive from a high dropout of drug treatments due to adverse cardiometabolic side effects. These side effects are caused, in part, by the H1 receptor blockade. The current work sought a clozapine derivative with a reduced affinity for the H1 receptor while maintaining its therapeutic effect linked to D2 receptor binding. Explicit molecular dynamics simulations and end-point free energy calculations of clozapine in complex with the D2 and H1 receptors embedded in cholesterol-rich lipid bilayers were performed to analyze the intermolecular interactions and address the relevance of clozapine-functional groups. Based on that, free energy perturbation calculations were performed to measure the change in free energy of clozapine structural modifications. Our results indicate the best clozapine derivative is the iodine atom substitution for chlorine. The latter is mainly due to electrostatic interaction loss for the H1 receptor, while the halogen orientation out of the D2 active site reduces the impact on the affinity. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Pair-dominated GeV-optical flash in GRB 130427A
Creators: name: Vurm, Indrek
name: Hascoet, Romain
name: Beloborodov, Andrei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the light curve of the double GeV+optical flash in GRB 130427A is consistent with radiation from the blast wave in a wind-type medium with density parameter $A=ρr^2\sim 5\times 10^{10}$ g cm$^{-1}$. The peak of the flash is emitted by copious $e^\pm$ pairs created and heated in the blast wave; our first-principle calculation determines the pair-loading factor and temperature of the shocked plasma. Using detailed radiative transfer simulations we reconstruct the observed double flash. The optical flash is dominated by synchrotron emission from the thermal plasma behind the forward shock, and the GeV flash is produced via inverse Compton (IC) scattering by the same plasma. The seed photons for IC scattering are dominated by the prompt MeV radiation during the first tens of seconds, and by the optical to X-ray afterglow thereafter. IC cooling of the thermal plasma behind the forward shock reproduces all GeV data from a few seconds to $\sim 1$ day. We find that the blast wave Lorentz factor at the peak of the flash is $Γ\approx 200$, and the forward shock magnetization is $ε_B\sim 2\times 10^{-4}$. An additional source is required by the data in the optical and X-ray bands at times $>10^2$ s; we speculate that this additional source may be a long-lived reverse shock in the explosion ejecta.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted to ApJL
A False Vacuum Skyrme Model for Nuclear Matter
Creators: name: Ferreira, L. A.
name: Livramento, L. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low energy regime of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) presents enormous challenges due to its large coupling. Effective field theories, like the Skyrme model, are useful approaches to study properties of strong interaction at hadronic scales. We propose a Skyrme-type model with a self-dual sector and that treats the density of the baryonic charge as a self-interacting fluid. The dynamics reduces to Coleman's false vacuum problem for a scalar field that is a fractional power of that density. The main result is that such a Skyrme-type model is the first one to reproduce, with good accuracy, the experimental values of radii and binding energies for a very wide range of the mass number. The robust and simple properties of the model lead to many possible generalizations with implications not only in nuclear physics but also in other areas of Physics.
description: Version published in Journal Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 49 115102 (2022)
Transformations of symmetric multipartite Gaussian states by Gaussian LOCC
Creators: name: Černotík, Ondřej
name: Fiurášek, Jaromír
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multipartite quantum correlations, in spite of years of intensive research, still leave many questions unanswered. While bipartite entanglement is relatively well understood for Gaussian states, the complexity of mere qualitative characterization grows rapidly with increasing number of parties. Here, we present two schemes for transformations of multipartite permutation invariant Gaussian states by Gaussian local operations and classical communication. To this end, we use a scheme for possible experimental realization, making use of the fact, that in this picture, the whole N - partite state can be described using two separable modes. Numerically, we study entanglement transformations of tripartite states. Finally, we look at the effect our protocols have on fidelity of assisted quantum teleportation and find that while adding correlated noise does not affect the fidelity at all, there is strong evidence that partial non-demolition measurement leads to a drop in teleportation fidelity.
description: 9 pages
Joint custody: formerly incarcerated mothers and the negotiation of caregiver roles
Creators: name: Killinger, Danette
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: Incarcerated mothers spend a significant portion of their children’s formative years in prison, leaving family members, friends, and foster care systems to raise their children. Upon reentry, most envision transitioning back into their previous role of primary caregiver for their children. This study explores how formerly incarcerated mothers renegotiate the primary caregiver role for their underage children. Using a grounded theory approach, 32 interviews were conducted with formerly incarcerated mothers from urban and rural communities. Specifically, this study explored four primary guiding questions. How do formerly incarcerated mothers define the role of primary caregiver for children? How do they perceive their caregiver role prior to their most recent incarceration? What legal, financial, or emotional factors contribute to their success or failure in renegotiating their caregiver role? What neighborhood resources can they access in urban and rural areas to help them renegotiate their role as primary caregiver? This study informs on the contradiction between formerly incarcerated mothers’ mothering ideology and their situation, and the challenges they encounter renegotiating their primary caregiver role. Drawing on the findings of this study I conclude by providing recommendations to support the successful reentry of formerly incarcerated mothers into the community, and reunification with their children.
Viscoelastic response of impact process on dense suspensions
Creators: name: Pradipto
name: Hayakawa, Hisao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically study impact processes on dense suspensions using the lattice Boltzmann method to elucidate the connection between the elastic rebound of an impactor and relations among the impact speed $u_0$, maximum force acting on the impactor $F_{\rm max}$, and elapsed time $t_{\rm max}$ to reach $F_{\rm max}$. We find that $t_{\rm max}$ emerges in the early stage of the impact, while the rebound process takes place in the late stage. We find a crossover of $F_{\rm max}$ from $u_0$ independent regime for low $u_0$ to a power law regime satisfying $F_{\rm max}\propto u_0^α$ with $α\approx 1.5$ for high $u_0$. Similarly, $t_{\rm max}$ satisfies $t_{\rm max}\propto u_0^β$ with $β\approx -0.5$ for high $u_0$. Both power-law relations for $F_{\rm max}$ and $t_{\rm max}$ versus $u_0$ for high $u_0$ are independent of the system size, but the rebound phenomenon strongly depends on the depth of the container for suspensions. Thus, we indicate that the rebound phenomenon is not directly related to the relations among $u_0$, $F_{\rm max}$ and $t_{\rm max}$. We propose a floating + force chain model, where the rebound process is caused by an elastic term that is proportional to the number of the connected force chains from the impactor to the bottom plate. On the other hand, there are no elastic contributions in the relations for $F_{\rm max}$ and $t_{\rm max}$ against $u_0$ because of the absence of percolated force chains in the early stage. This phenomenology predicts $F_{\rm max}\propto u_0^{3/2}$ and $t_{\rm max}\propto u_0^{-1/2}$ for high $u_0$ and also recovers the behavior of the impactor quantitatively even if there is the rebound process.
Maximal freedom at minimum cost: linear large-scale structure in general modifications of gravity
Creators: name: Bellini, Emilio
name: Sawicki, Ignacy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a turnkey solution, ready for implementation in numerical codes, for the study of linear structure formation in general scalar-tensor models involving a single universally coupled scalar field. We show that the totality of cosmological information on the gravitational sector can be compressed - without any redundancy - into five independent and arbitrary functions of time only and one constant. These describe physical properties of the universe: the observable background expansion history, fractional matter density today, and four functions of time describing the properties of the dark energy. We show that two of those dark-energy property functions control the existence of anisotropic stress, the other two - dark-energy clustering, both of which are can be scale-dependent. All these properties can in principle be measured, but no information on the underlying theory of acceleration beyond this can be obtained. We present a translation between popular models of late-time acceleration (e.g. perfect fluids, f (R), kinetic gravity braiding, galileons), as well as the effective field theory framework, and our formulation. In this way, implementing this formulation numerically would give a single tool which could consistently test the majority of models of late-time acceleration heretofore proposed.
description: version accepted for publication in JCAP. Order of section 3 slightly altered. 23 pages plus appendices
Microgrid expansion planning using simulation-based optimization and reinforcement learning
Creators: name: Tsianikas, Stamatis
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: This dissertation provides an analytical framework for tackling the long-term microgrid expansion planning problem. In the wake of the highly electrified future that is ahead of us, the need for reliable and economical power supply will become more urgent than ever. The role of microgrids in fulfilling this need is expected to be highly crucial. While there is a lot of active research going on related to developing optimization models for such systems, the current work innovates by considering both economic and reliability aspects, as well as the stochastic nature of various components in the energy industry. Furthermore, the fact that the microgrids will be placed at the core of the future energy systems will naturally give birth to another important problem from the planning perspective; this problem concerns the derivation of optimal strategies when expanding the microgrids, both in storage and power capacity. The criticality of formulating systematic, analytical and novel methodologies to tackle this problem can be easily justified by considering the steady growth of load demand, the technological advancements continuously being made, and the high operating costs incurred in these processes. The research work that can be found currently in the literature lacks in considering several peculiarities of microgrids. Moreover, many proposed approaches fail to provide realistic and complex-enough formulations due to the incompetence of traditional solution techniques in handling problems of that scale. The current research work serves as the first attempt to formulate a highly detailed long-term expansion planning problem in microgrid setting and solve it using advanced artificial intelligence techniques. Towards this direction, a simulation-based approach is developed to determine cost-optimal battery sizing under preset reliability constraints, and a unified dynamic optimization framework is built and used to derive holistic optimal expansion strategies. Overall, the goal of the present research work is to provide novel baseline models that give a well-shaped structure to the stochastic problem of long-term expansion planning, while utilizing advanced machine learning tools and techniques.
Integrating topic modeling and word embedding to characterize violent deaths
Creators: name: Arseniev-Koehler, Alina
name: Cochran, Susan D.
name: Mays, Vickie M.
name: Chang, Kai-Wei
name: Foster, Jacob Gates
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There is an escalating need for methods to identify latent patterns in text data from many domains. We introduce a new method to identify topics in a corpus and represent documents as topic sequences. Discourse Atom Topic Modeling draws on advances in theoretical machine learning to integrate topic modeling and word embedding, capitalizing on the distinct capabilities of each. We first identify a set of vectors ("discourse atoms") that provide a sparse representation of an embedding space. Atom vectors can be interpreted as latent topics: Through a generative model, atoms map onto distributions over words; one can also infer the topic that generated a sequence of words. We illustrate our method with a prominent example of underutilized text: the U.S. National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS). The NVDRS summarizes violent death incidents with structured variables and unstructured narratives. We identify 225 latent topics in the narratives (e.g., preparation for death and physical aggression); many of these topics are not captured by existing structured variables. Motivated by known patterns in suicide and homicide by gender, and recent research on gender biases in semantic space, we identify the gender bias of our topics (e.g., a topic about pain medication is feminine). We then compare the gender bias of topics to their prevalence in narratives of female versus male victims. Results provide a detailed quantitative picture of reporting about lethal violence and its gendered nature. Our method offers a flexible and broadly applicable approach to model topics in text data.
ANALYSIS OF TAN MALAKA'S "NORTHERN INDONESIA" IDEA ON PHILIPPINE NATION HISTORY
Creators: name: Arafah Pramasto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History
subject: 210108 Historical Archaeology (incl. Industrial Archaeology)
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 200406 Language in Time and Space (incl. Historical Linguistics, Dialectology)
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 210399 Historical Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: 200519 South-East Asian Literature (excl. Indonesian)
subject: 200314 South-East Asian Languages (excl. Indonesian)

description: Tan Malaka was one of the most influential West Sumatran figures in history whose thoughts were adopted by some of Indonesian founding fathers. His activities in politics resulted in an exile and was forced by the Dutch to move from places to places. Philippines was one of the countries he stayed from 1925 to 1927. As an intellectual, Tan Malaka wrote numerous works. One of Tan Malaka's unique idea was that he called Philippines as the "North Indonesia". His idea was based on three main aspects. Firstly, from linguistic point of view; Tagalog language has similarities with several Indonesian languages since they have been classified in one language family i.e. Austronesian (Malay-Polynesian) languages. Secondly, people from Philippines and Indonesians as Malayid sub-race have similar physical features, especially in Malayosphere regions. Thirdly, inter-cultural influences in clothing and traditional arms suggest historical relationshipsto have been existed between Indonesia and Philippines particularly during the expansion of Majapahit's hegemony.
Committor Functions for Climate Phenomena at the Predictability Margin: The example of El Niño Southern Oscillation in the Jin and Timmerman model
Creators: name: Lucente, Dario
name: Herbert, Corentin
name: Bouchet, Freddy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many phenomena in the climate system lie in the gray zone between weather and climate: they are not amenable to deterministic forecast, but they still depend on the initial condition. A natural example is medium-range forecasting, which is inherently probabilistic because it lies beyond the deterministic predictability time of the atmosphere, but for which statistically significant prediction can be made which depend on the current state of the system. Similarly, one may ask the probability of occurrence of an El Niño event several months ahead of time. In this paper, we introduce a quantity which corresponds precisely to this type of prediction problem: the committor function is the probability that an event takes place within a given time window, as a function of the initial condition. We explain the main mathematical properties of this probabilistic concept, and compute it in the case of a low-dimensional stochastic model for El-Niño, the Jin and Timmerman model. In this context, we show that the ability to predict the probability of occurrence of the event of interest may differ strongly depending on the initial state. The main result is the new distinction between intrinsic probabilistic predictability (when the committor function is smooth and probability can be computed which does not depend sensitively on the initial condition) and intrinsic probabilistic unpredictability (when the committor function depends sensitively on the initial condition). We also demonstrate that the Jin and Timmerman model might be the first example of a stochastic differential equation with weak noise for which transition between attractors do not follow the Arrhenius law, which is expected based on large deviation theory and generic hypothesis.
Quantum Entropy
Creators: name: Geiger, Davi
name: Kedem, Zvi M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum physics, despite its observables being intrinsically of a probabilistic nature, does not have a quantum entropy assigned to them. We propose a quantum entropy that quantify the randomness of a pure quantum state via a conjugate pair of observables forming the quantum phase space. The entropy is dimensionless, it is a relativistic scalar, it is invariant under coordinate transformation of position and momentum that maintain conjugate properties, and under CPT transformations; and its minimum is positive due to the uncertainty principle. We expand the entropy to also include mixed states and show that the proposed entropy is always larger than von Neumann's entropy. We conjecture an entropy law whereby that entropy of a closed system never decreases, implying a time arrow for particles physics.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with A follow up on this paper is arXiv:2106.15378. A related paper is arXiv:2111.11605. Early versions of the ideas in this paper are in arXiv:1906.11712 and arXiv:2103.07996