cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Sun's Global Photospheric and Coronal Magnetic Fields: Observations and Models
Creators: name: Mackay, D. H.
name: Yeates, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review, our present day understanding of the Sun's global photospheric and coronal magnetic fields is discussed from both observational and theoretical viewpoints. Firstly, the large-scale properties of photospheric magnetic fields are described, along with recent advances in photospheric magnetic flux transport models. Following this, the wide variety of theoretical models used to simulate global coronal magnetic fields are described. From this, the combined application of both magnetic flux transport simulations and coronal modeling techniques to describe the phenomena of coronal holes, the Sun's open magnetic flux and the hemispheric pattern of solar filaments is discussed. Finally, recent advances in non-eruptive global MHD models are described. While the review focuses mainly on solar magnetic fields, recent advances in measuring and modeling stellar magnetic fields are described where appropriate. In the final section key areas of future research are identified.
description: 61 pages, 18 figures. Published version available via http://www.livingreviews.org/lrsp-2012-6
Archaeomagnetic results from Cambodia in Southeast Asia: Evidence for possible low-latitude flux expulsion
Creators: name: Cai, Shuhui
name: Doctor, Rashida
name: Tauxe, Lisa
name: Hendrickson, Mitchel
name: Hua, Quan
name: Leroy, Stéphanie
name: Phon, Kaseka
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Extensive spatial and temporal distribution of high-quality data are essential for understanding regional and global behaviors of the geomagnetic field. We carried out chronological and archaeomagnetic studies at the Angkor-era iron-smelting site of Tonle Bak in Cambodia in Southeast Asia, an area with no data available to date. We recovered high-fidelity full-vector geomagnetic information from the 11th to 14th century for this region, which fill gaps in the global distribution of data and will significantly improve the global models. These results reveal a sharp directional change of the geomagnetic field between 1200 and 1300 CE, accompanied by an intensity dip between 1100 and 1300 CE. The fast geomagnetic variation recorded by our data provides evidence for the possible existence of low-latitude flux expulsion. Related discussions in this paper will inspire a new focus on detailed geomagnetic research in low-latitude areas around the equator, and exploration of related dynamic processes.
Electron-positron pair production by an electron in a magnetic field in the resonant case
Creators: name: Novak, O. P.
name: Kholodov, R. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonant e+e- pair production by an electron in a magnetic field near the process threshold has been analytically studied. Using the Nikishov's theorem an estimation of the number of events has been made in the magnetic field equivalent to laser wave in the SLAC experiment [D.Burke et.al. Phys. Rev. Lett.79, 1626 (1997)]. The obtained estimation is in reasonable agreement with the experimental data.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
The templating effect of 1,2-cyclohexanediamine configuration on iodoplumbate organic–inorganic hybrid structures
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiuxiu
name: Wei, Zhenhong
name: Cao, Yuwen
name: Li, Mingli
name: Zhang, Junning
name: Cai, Hu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Reactions of R, R-, cis- and trans-1,2-cyclohexanediamine with lead(II) iodide in concentrated HI aqueous solution afforded three organic–inorganic hybrid compounds, [(R, R-1,2-C6H16N2)PbI4] (1), [(cis-1,2-C6H16N2)2Pb2I8]·2H2O (2) and [(trans-1,2-C6H16N2)2PbI6]·2H2O (3), respectively. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction revealed that the inorganic components in 1–3 are constructed with a 2-D monolayer perovskite sheet, a 1-D zigzag chain and only a concrete [PbI6] octahedron which were caused by the different configurations of 1,2-cyclohexanediamine. In addition, 1–3 have been investigated by UV–vis, TG analysis and fluorescence spectra.
Design of a scanning gate microscope in a cryogen-free dilution refrigerator
Creators: name: Pelliccione, Matthew
name: Sciambi, Adam
name: Bartel, John
name: Keller, Andrew
name: Goldhaber-Gordon, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on our design of a scanning gate microscope housed in a cryogen-free dilution refrigerator with a base temperature of 15 mK. The recent increase in efficiency of pulse tube cryocoolers has made cryogen-free systems popular in recent years. However, this new style of cryostat presents challenges for performing scanning probe measurements, mainly as a result of the vibrations introduced by the cryocooler. We demonstrate scanning with root-mean-square vibrations of 0.8 nm at 3 K and 2.1 nm at 15 mK in a 1 kHz bandwidth with our design.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures
Klaus-Dietmar Henke, Hans Woller (Hrsg.), Politische Säuberung in Europa. Die Abrechnung mit Faschismus und Kollaboration nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg, 1991
Creators: name: Spivak, Marcel
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 21, Nr. 3 (1994)
On the arc filtration for the singularities of Arnold's lists
Creators: name: Ebeling, Wolfgang
name: Gusein-Zade, Sabir M.
Publisher: name: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: arc filtration
subject: Arnold
subject: geometry
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: In a previous paper, the authors introduced a filtration on the ring script O signv,0 of germs of functions on a germ (V, 0) of a complex analytic variety defined by arcs on the singularity and called the arc filtration. The Poincaré series of this filtration were computed for simple surface singularities in the 3-space. Here they are computed for surface singularities from Arnold's lists including uni - and bimodular ones. The classification of the unimodular singularities by these Poincaré series turns out to be in accordance with their hierarchy defined by E. Brieskorn using the adjacency relations. We also give a general formula for the Poincaré series of the arc filtration for isolated surface singularities which are stabilizations of plane curve ones. © 2005 Cambridge Philosophical Society.
On the subtree size profile of binary search trees
Creators: name: Dennert, Florian
name: Grübel, Rudolf
Publisher: name: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Asymptotic behaviour
subject: Binary search tree algorithms
subject: Binary search trees
subject: Joint distributions
subject: K-values
subject: Process view
subject: Qualitative differences
subject: Random tree
subject: Subtrees
subject: Upper-end
subject: Asymptotic analysis
subject: Binary trees
subject: Trees (mathematics)
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: For random trees T generated by the binary search tree algorithm from uniformly distributed input we consider the subtree size profile, which maps k ∈ ℕ to the number of nodes in T that root a subtree of size k. Complementing earlier work by Devroye, by Feng, Mahmoud and Panholzer, and by Fuchs, we obtain results for the range of small k-values and the range of k-values proportional to the size n of T. In both cases emphasis is on the process view, i.e., the joint distributions for several k-values. We also show that the dynamics of the tree sequence lead to a qualitative difference between the asymptotic behaviour of the lower and the upper end of the profile. Copyright © 2010 Cambridge University Press.
Probable identification of the on-disk counterpart of spicules in Hinode Ca II H observations
Creators: name: de Wijn, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present a study of high-resolution time series of Ca II H images and Fe I 630.15 nm spectra taken with the Solar Optical Telescope on the Hinode spacecraft. There is excellent correspondence between the Ca II H and Fe I line core intensity, except tenuous emission around the network field concentrations in the former that is absent in the latter. Analysis of on-disk observations and a comparison with limb observations suggests that this "network haze" corresponds to spicules, and likely to type-II spicules in particular. They are known to appear in emission in on-disk broadband Ca II H diagnostics and the network haze is strongest in those areas where features similar to type-II spicules are produced in simulations.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
From 2D to 3D solids: stacking of transition metal nitroprusside layers through intermolecular physical interactions
Creators: name: Avila, Y.
name: Osiry, H.
name: Torres, A. E.
name: Martínez-dlCruz, L.
name: M., M. González
name: Rodríguez-Hernández, J.
name: Reguera, E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: This contribution reports the preparation and study of a series of hybrid inorganic-organic solids obtained by intercalation of pyridine molecules between neighboring layers of 2D transition metal nitroprussides, T[Fe(CN)5NO]. The pyridine molecule coordinated to the axial positions for the metal (T) linked at the N ends of the equatorial CN ligands. From such regular pyridine molecule disposition at the layer and the attractive dispersive interactions and dipole-dipole coupling between neighboring molecules in the interlayer region, the formation of a long range 3D framework results. The refined crystal structure and the magnetic measurements shed light on the interaction between intercalated neighboring molecules. In the resulting 3D framework, the hybrid material preserves its 2D identity because no formation of chemical bonds is involved in the stacking process. Such structural features are properly supported by the refined crystal structures and computational studies for the interaction of the organic molecule with the metal (T) center. This series of hybrid solids crystallizes with an orthorhombic unit cell in the Ic2m space group. The unit cell volume shows a slight dependence of the metal (T), Ni < Co < Zn < Mn, which is related to the metal polarizing power and follows the order found for the T-NCN and T-NPy bond distances. The results herein discussed are relevant for hybrid inorganic-organic materials design, preparation and applications.
Proof of Heisenberg's error-disturbance relation
Creators: name: Busch, Paul
name: Lahti, Pekka
name: Werner, Reinhard F.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: uncertainty relations
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: While the slogan “no measurement without disturbance” has established itself under the name of the Heisenberg effect in the consciousness of the scientifically interested public, a precise statement of this fundamental feature of the quantum world has remained elusive, and serious attempts at rigorous formulations of it as a consequence of quantum theory have led to seemingly conflicting preliminary results. Here we show that despite recent claims to the contrary [L. Rozema et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 100404 (2012)], Heisenberg-type inequalities can be proven that describe a tradeoff between the precision of a position measurement and the necessary resulting disturbance of momentum (and vice versa). More generally, these inequalities are instances of an uncertainty relation for the imprecisions of any joint measurement of position and momentum. Measures of error and disturbance are here defined as figures of merit characteristic of measuring devices. As such they are state independent, each giving worst-case estimates across all states, in contrast to previous work that is concerned with the relationship between error and disturbance in an individual state.While the slogan “no measurement without disturbance” has established itself under the name of the Heisenberg effect in the consciousness of the scientifically interested public, a precise statement of this fundamental feature of the quantum world has remained elusive, and serious attempts at rigorous formulations of it as a consequence of quantum theory have led to seemingly conflicting preliminary results. Here we show that despite recent claims to the contrary [L. Rozema et al, Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 100404 (2012)], Heisenberg-type inequalities can be proven that describe a tradeoff between the precision of a position measurement and the necessary resulting disturbance of momentum (and vice versa). More generally, these inequalities are instances of an uncertainty relation for the imprecisions of any joint measurement of position and momentum. Measures of error and disturbance are here defined as figures of merit characteristic of measuring devices. As such they are state independent, each giving worst-case estimates across all states, in contrast to previous work that is concerned with the relationship between error and disturbance in an individual state.
Effective Quantum Theories for Transport in Inhomogeneous Systems with Non-trivial Band Structure
Creators: name: Wickles, Christian
name: Belzig, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from a general $N$-band Hamiltonian with weak spatial and temporal variations, we derive a low energy effective theory for transport within one or several overlapping bands. To this end, we use the Wigner representation that allows us to systematically construct the unitary transformation that brings the Hamiltonian into band-diagonal form. We address the issue of gauge invariance and discuss the necessity of using kinetic variables in order to obtain a low energy effective description that is consistent with the original theory. Essentially, our analysis is a semiclassical one and quantum corrections appear as Berry curvatures in addition to quantities that are related to the appearance of persistent currents. We develop a transport framework which is manifestly gauge invariant and it is based on a quantum Boltzman formulation along with suitable definitions of current density operators such that Liouville's theorem is satisfied. Finally, we incorporate the effects of an external electromagnetic field into our theory.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures
Propagation of Quantum Walks in Electric Fields
Creators: name: Cedzich, C.
name: Rybár, T.
name: Werner, A. H.
name: Alberti, A.
name: Genske, M.
name: Werner, R.F.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: quantum lattice system
subject: Hofstadter butterfly
subject: Mathieu equation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We study one-dimensional quantum walks in a homogenous electric field. The field is given by a phase which depends linearly on position and is applied after each step. The long time propagation properties of this system, such as revivals, ballistic expansion, and Anderson localization, depend very sensitively on the value of the electric field, Φ, e.g., on whether Φ/(2π) is rational or irrational. We relate these properties to the continued fraction expansion of the field. When the field is given only with finite accuracy, the beginning of the expansion allows analogous conclusions about the behavior on finite time scales.
Large eddy simulation of thermally induced oscillations in the convective boundary layer
Creators: name: Letzel, M.O.
name: Raasch, S.
Publisher: name: Boston, Massachusetts : American Meteorological Society
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: parallelized large eddy simulation model (PALM)
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::551 | Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: Mesoscale circulations induced by differential boundary layer heating due to surface inhomogeneities on scales of 5 km and more can significantly change the average properties and the structure of the convective boundary layer (CBL) as well as trigger off temporal oscillations. The results of one of the first numerical case studies using large eddy simulation (LES) on the mesoscale suggest that mesoscale circulations exhibit a considerably larger average kinetic energy than convection under homogeneous conditions. This affects turbulent transport processes and should be accounted for in larger-scale models even if their turbulence parameterizations rely on homogeneous control runs of high-resolution models. This case study uses the Hannover parallelized large eddy simulation model (PALM) with prescribed 1D sinusoidal surface heat flux variations on wavelengths from 2.5 to 40 km. The resulting mesoscale circulations are analyzed by means of domain-averaged cross sections, time averaged and normalized with the boundary layer height, as well as power spectra and domain-averaged time series. The simulated mesoscale circulations were periodic. Vertical profiles and time series demonstrate that the onset of the mesoscale circulation triggers off a temporal boundary layer oscillation, whose period and amplitude depend on the surface heat flux perturbation wavelength and amplitude and on the background wind component perpendicular to the surface inhomogeneity orientation. Spectral analysis shows that the mesoscale circulations damp convection equally in all directions. A hypothesis of the oscillation mechanism is briefly discussed. Copyright 2003 American Meteorological Society
Self-similarity and spectral asymptotics for the continuum random tree
Creators: name: Croydon, D. A.
name: Hambly, B. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We use the random self-similarity of the continuum random tree to show that it is homeomorphic to a post-critically finite self-similar fractal equipped with a random self-similar metric. As an application we determine the mean and almost-sure leading order behaviour of the high frequency asymptotics of the eigenvalue counting function associated with the natural Dirichlet form on the continuum random tree. We also obtain short time asymptotics for the trace of the heat semigroup and the annealed on-diagonal heat kernel associated with this Dirichlet form.
Gluon scattering amplitudes from gauge/string duality and integrability
Creators: name: Satoh, Yuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss gluon scattering amplitudes/null-polygonal Wilson loops of N = 4 super Yang-Mills theory at strong coupling based on the gauge/string duality and its underlying integrability. We focus on the amplitudes/Wilson loops corresponding to the minimal surfaces in AdS_3, which are described by the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations of the homogeneous sine-Gordon model. Using conformal perturbation theory and an interesting relation between the g-function (boundary entropy) and the T-function, we derive analytic expansions around the limit where the Wilson loops become regular-polygonal. We also compare our analytic results with those at two loops, to find that the rescaled remainder functions are close to each other for all multi-point amplitudes.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures; contribution to the proceedings of "Progress in Quantum Field Theory and String Theory", April 3-7, 2012, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
José María Blázquez, Francisco Presedo, Francisco Javier Lomas y Javier Fernández Nieto, Protohistoria. Historia de España Antigua I
Creators: name: Lenerz-De Wilde, Majolie
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: José María Blázquez, Francisco Presedo, Francisco Javier Lomas y Javier Fernández Nieto, Protohistoria. Historia de España Antigua I. Ediciones Cátedra, S.A., Madrid 1980. 605 Seiten mit Abbildungen
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 63, Nr. 2 (1985)
Measurement of the position resolution of the Gas Pixel Detector
Creators: name: Soffitta, Paolo
name: Muleri, Fabio
name: Fabiani, Sergio
name: Costa, Enrico
name: Bellazzini, Ronaldo
name: Brez, Alessandro
name: Minuti, Massimo
name: Pinchera, Michele
name: Spandre, Gloria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gas Pixel Detector was designed and built as a focal plane instrument for X-ray polarimetry of celestial sources, the last unexplored subtopics of X-ray astronomy. It promises to perform detailed and sensitive measurements resolving extended sources and detecting polarization in faint sources in crowded fields at the focus of telescopes of good angular resolution. Its polarimetric and spectral capability were already studied in earlier works. Here we investigate for the first time, with both laboratory measurements and Monte Carlo simulations, its imaging properties to confirm its unique capability to carry out imaging spectral-polarimetry in future X-ray missions.
description: Submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A; 15 figures, 3 tables
Evaporation over a heterogeneous land surface: The EVA-GRIPS Project
Creators: name: Mengelkamp, H.-T.
name: Beyrich, F.
name: Heinemann, G.
name: Ament, F.
name: Bange, J.
name: Berger, F.
name: Bösenberg, J.
name: Foken, T.
name: Hennemuth, B.
name: Heret, C.
name: Huneke, C.
name: Johnsen, K.-P.
name: Kerschgens, M.
name: Kohsiek, W.
name: Leps, J.-P.
name: Liebethal, C.
name: Lohse, H.
name: Mauder, M.
name: Meijninger, W.
name: Raasch, S.
name: Simmer, C.
name: Spieß, T. A.
name: Tittebrand, A.
name: Uhlenbrock, J.
name: Zittel, P.
Publisher: name: Boston, Massachusetts : American Meteorological Society
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Grid and Pixel Scale (EVA-GRIPS)
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::551 | Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: The representation of subgrid-scale surface heterogeneities in numerical weather and climate models has been a challenging problem for more than a decade. The Evaporation at Grid and Pixel Scale (EVA-GRIPS) project adds to the numerous studies on vegetation-atmosphere interaction processes through a comprehensive field campaign and through simulation studies with land surface schemes and mesoscale models. The mixture of surface types in the test area in eastern Germany is typical for larger parts of northern Central Europe. The spatial scale considered corresponds to the grid scale of a regional atmospheric weather prediction or climate model and to the pixel scale of satellite images. Area-averaged fluxes derived from point measurements, scintillometer measurements, and a helicopter-borne turbulence probe were widely consistent with respect to the sensible heat flux. The latent heat flux from the scintillometer measurements is systematically higher than the eddy covariance data. Fluxes derived from numerical simulations proved the so-called mosaic approach to be an appropriate parameterization for subgrid heterogeneity. Copyright 2006 American Meteorological Society
Titelei
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2019

description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 65, Nr. 1 (1987)
Multi-Band Exotic Superconductivity in the New Superconductor Bi4O4S3
Creators: name: Li, Sheng
name: Yang, Huan
name: Tao, Jian
name: Ding, Xiaxin
name: Wen, Hai-Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resistivity, Hall effect and magnetization have been investigated on the new superconductor Bi4O4S3. A weak insulating behavior has been induced in the normal state when the superconductivity is suppressed. Hall effect measurements illustrate clearly a multiband feature dominated by electron charge carriers, which is further supported by the magnetoresistance data. Interestingly, a kink appears on the temperature dependence of resistivity at about 4 K at all high magnetic fields when the bulk superconductivity is completely suppressed. This kink can be well traced back to the upper critical field Hc2(T) in the low field region, and is explained as the possible evidence of residual Cooper pairs on the one dimensional chains.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
An Investigation on SiC and Al Surface Cladding of Ti-6Al-4V for Improved Wear Properties – The Binary Advantage
Creators: name: U. O. Okoli
name: I. O. Otunniyi
name: I. D. Adebiyi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Laser cladding
wetting
intermetallic phases
microhardness
sliding wear

description: Ti-6Al-4V enjoys high specific strength, toughness and excellent corrosion resistance, but suffers high friction coefficient, severe adhesive wear and sensitivity to fretting wear. Laser surface cladding is one of the surface modification techniques used for improving on these demerits. Laser cladding utilises the high power density available from a focused laser source to heat and melt the substrate’s surface while injecting alloying elements into the melt pool. Using a 4.4Kw continuous wave Nd-YAG laser processor, the surface cladding of as received Ti-6Al-4V alloy was done with mixtures of SiC and Al powders in different ratios. The SiC powder can serve as reinforcing particles and helps improve surface wear properties in the resulting surface metal matrix composite while aluminium improves on the wetting between the metal and the reinforcement SiC phase. The success of this, however, depends on the careful optimisation of the powder ratio, which dictates the resulting phases and microstructural evolutions. Study of the cladding with a scanning electron microscope (energy dispersive spectroscopy), optical microscope and x-ray diffraction revealed the formation of intermetallic phases such as AlSiTi2, Ti7Al5Si12, TiSi2, AlSi3Ti2, Al6Ti19, Ti2VAl, AlTi3, AlCTi2, Ti3SiC2 and Ti5Si4, which should enhance micro-hardness and tribological properties of the surface relative to the bulk as-received alloy. 90:10 weight percentage ratio of SiC and Al powder mixture gave the best microhardness with a value of 1169.95 Hv, compared to 323.67 Hv of the as-received, and mass loss under abrasive wear tests was only 40% of the as received. The morphology obtained for the abraded surfaces is also indicative of this improvement. In carefully optimised proportions and laser condition, the binary combination of Al and SiC powders suffice for well improved Ti-6Al-4V surface properties.
Computational study of the thermal conductivity in defective carbon nanostructures
Creators: name: Fthenakis, Zacharias G.
name: Tománek, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations to study the adverse role of defects including isotopic impurities on the thermal conductivity of carbon nanotubes, graphene and graphene nanoribbons. We find that even in structurally perfect nanotubes and graphene, isotopic impurities reduce thermal conductivity by up to one half by decreasing the phonon mean free path. An even larger thermal conductivity reduction, with the same physical origin, occurs in presence of structural defects including vacancies and edges in narrow graphene nanoribbons. Our calculations reconcile results of former studies, which differed by up to an order of magnitude, by identifying limitations of various computational approaches.
Pyridine-based complexes of copper(II) chloride and bromide: ligand conformation effects on crystal structure. Synthesis, structure and magnetic behavior of Cu(2-Cl-3-X′py)2X2 [X, X′ = Cl, Br]
Creators: name: Dubois, Robert J.
name: Landee, Christopher P.
name: Rademeyer, Melanie
name: Turnbull, Mark M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Reaction of copper(II) chloride or bromide with 2-chloro-3-bromopyridine or 2,3-dichloropyridine generates a family of compounds of the general formula L2CuX2 (1–4). X-ray crystallography shows that the bromide complexes (3-bromo-2-chloropyridine)dibromidocopper(II) (1) and (2,3-dichloropyridine)dibromidocopper(II) (3) are particularly unusual in that they crystallize with both the syn- and anti-conformation structures in the same crystal. A review of the literature on complexes of the formula (substituted-pyridine)2CuX2 suggests that these are the first examples of such complexes. The members of the family show a variety of magnetic behaviors and variable temperature magnetic susceptibility data indicate that 1 is essentially paramagnetic (θ = −0.9(1) K) while 3 is weakly ferromagnetic (J = 2.9(1) K). Compound 2 [(3-bromo-2-chloropyridine)dichloridocopper(II)] is fit by the uniform 1-D antiferromagnetic model (J = −19.6(1) K), while 4 [(2,3-dichloropyridine)dichloridocopper(II)] exhibits weak anti-ferromagnetic interactions (J = −3.68(3) K).
A large-eddy simulation study of thermal effects on turbulent flow and dispersion in and above a street canyon
Creators: name: Park, S.-B.
name: Baik, J.-J.
name: Raasch, S.
name: Letzel, M.O.
Publisher: name: Boston, Massachusetts : American Meteorological Society
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Fluxes
subject: Heating
subject: Momentum
subject: Turbulence
subject: Large eddy simulations
subject: Urban meteorology
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::551 | Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: Thermal effects on turbulent flow and dispersion in and above an idealized street canyon with a street aspect ratio of 1 are numerically investigated using the parallelized large-eddy simulation model (“PALM”). Each of upwind building wall, street bottom, and downwind building wall is heated, and passive scalars are emitted from the street bottom. When compared with the neutral (no heating) case, the heating of the upwind building wall or street bottom strengthens a primary vortex in the street canyon and the heating of the downwind building wall induces a shrunken primary vortex and a winding flow between the vortex and the downwind building wall. Heating also induces higher turbulent kinetic energy and stronger turbulent fluxes at the rooftop height. In the neutral case, turbulent eddies generated by shear instability dominate mixing at the rooftop height and appear as band-shaped perturbations in the time–space plots of turbulent momentum and scalar fluxes. In all of the heating cases, buoyancy-generated turbulent eddies as well as shear-generated turbulent eddies contribute to turbulent momentum and scalar fluxes and band-shaped or lump-shaped perturbations appear at the rooftop height. A quadrant analysis shows that at the rooftop height, in the neutral case and in the case with upwind building-wall heating, sweep events are less frequent but contribute more to turbulent momentum flux than do ejection events. By contrast, in the case with street-bottom and downwind building-wall heating, the frequency of sweep events is similar to that of ejection events and the contribution of ejection events to turbulent momentum flux is comparable to that of sweep events. Copyright 2012 American Meteorological Society
Entropy evolution law in a laser process
Creators: name: Chen, Jun-hua
name: Fan, Hong-yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the first time, we obtain the entropy variation law in a laser process after finding the Kraus operator of the master equation describing the laser process with the use of the entangled state representation. The behavior of entropy is determined by the competition of the gain and damping in the laser process. The photon number evolution formula is also obtained.
Large eddy simulation of particle settling in the ocean mixed layer
Creators: name: Noh, Y.
name: Kang, I.S.
name: Herold, M.
name: Raasch, S.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Institute of Physics
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: large eddy simulation (LES)
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::551 | Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: The settling process of suspended particles in the turbulent flow was investigated by analyzing the Lagrangian motion of a large number of particles in the ocean mixed layer simulated by large eddy simulation (LES), focusing on the role of Langmuir circulation (LC). At the beginning, particles released near the surface are swept down rapidly following the downward jets in the presence of LC, contrary to the case of the horizontally uniform downward propagation in the absence of it. The strong vertical mixing by LC keeps the particle concentration almost uniform after the initial period in the presence of LC, while its mean concentration continues to decrease through particle settling. Under the influence of turbulence in the ocean mixed layer, the particle settling velocity W is always smaller than ws, and W∕ws decreases with decreasing ws∕u∗, where ws is the terminal velocity of a particle in the still fluid and u∗ is the frictional velocity. The presence of LC causes a further decrease of W ultimately, and the difference between the cases with and without LC is the largest at ws∕u∗∼1. The analysis of LES data reveals that particles spend more time in upward flows and that more particles tend to accumulate in the high vorticity region in the presence of LC. It suggests that particle trapping is more likely when the length scale of vortices is larger, which may lead to the decrease of W in the presence of LC. It was also found that the preferential concentration occurs away from the regions of high horizontal vorticity and divergence when ws∕u∗∼1.
Exact solution of the 1D Hubbard model in the atomic limit with inter-site magnetic coupling
Creators: name: Mancini, F.
name: Plekhanov, E.
name: Sica, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present for the first time the exact solution in the narrow-band limit of the 1D extended Hubbard model with nearest-neighbour spin-spin interactions described by an exchange constant J. An external magnetic field h is also taken into account. This result has been obtained in the framework of the Green's functions formalism, using the Composite Operator Method. By means of this theoretical background, we have studied some relevant features such as double occupancy, magnetization, spin-spin and charge-charge correlation functions and derived a phase diagram for both ferro (J>0) and anti-ferro (J<0) coupling in the limit of zero temperature. We also report a study on density of states, specific heat, charge and spin susceptibilities. In the limit of zero temperature, we show that the model exhibits a very rich phase diagram characterized by different magnetic orders and by the coexistence of charge and spin orderings at commensurate filling. Moreover, our analysis at finite temperature of density of states and response functions shows the presence of low-temperature charge and spin excitations near the phase boundaries.
description: 20 pages, 32 figures
Long time correlations of nonlinear Luttinger liquids
Creators: name: Pereira, Rodrigo G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An overview is given of the limitations of Luttinger liquid theory in describing the real time equilibrium dynamics of critical one-dimensional systems with nonlinear dispersion relation. After exposing the singularities of perturbation theory in band curvature effects that break the Lorentz invariance of the Tomonaga-Luttinger model, the origin of high frequency oscillations in the long time behaviour of correlation functions is discussed. The notion that correlations decay exponentially at finite temperature is challenged by the effects of diffusion in the density-density correlation due to umklapp scattering in lattice models.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures. Short review to appear in the Luttinger Liquids special issue of Int. J. Mod. Phys. B; reference added
Textural Approach to Palmprint Identification
Creators: name: Misra, Rachita
name: ray, Kasturika B
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Biometrics which use of human physiological characteristics for identifying an individual is now a widespread method of identification and authentication. Biometric identification is a technology which uses several image processing techniques and describes the general procedure for identification and verification using feature extraction, storage and matching from the digitized image of biometric characters such as Finger Print, Face, Iris or Palm Print. The current paper uses palm print biometrics. Here we have presented an identification approach using textural properties of palm print images. The elegance of the method is that the conventional edge detection technique is extended to suitably describe the texture features. In this technique all the characteristics of the palm such as principal lines, edges and wrinkles are considered with equal importance.
description: 9 pages
Ein merowingisches Kammergrab mit Pferdegeschirr aus Eschwege, Werra-Meißner-Kreis (Hessen). Vorbericht über Grabungen im Bereich des frühmittelalterlichen Gräberfeldes im Stadtteil Niederhone 1985
Creators: name: Sippel, Klaus
name: Kunter, Manfred
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 65, Nr. 1 (1987)
Study of the reaction e^{+}e^{-}->psi(2S)pi^{-}pi^{-} via initial state radiation at BaBar
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the process $e^+e^-\toψ(2S)π^{+}π^{-}$ with initial-state-radiation events produced at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy collider. The data were recorded with the \BaBar detector at center-of-mass energies at and near the $Υ(\mathrm{nS})$ (n = 2, 3, 4) resonances and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 520$fb^{-}$. We investigate the $ψ(2S)π^{+}π^{-}$ mass distribution from 3.95 to 5.95 $GeV/c^{2}$, and measure the center-of-mass energy dependence of the associated $e^+e^-\to ψ(2S)π^{+}π^{-}$ cross section. The mass distribution exhibits evidence of two resonant structures. A fit to the $ψ(2S)π^{+}π^{-}$ mass distribution corresponding to the decay mode $ψ(2S)\to J/ψπ^{+}π^{-}$ yields a mass value of $4340 \pm16$ (stat) $\pm 9$ (syst) ${\mathrm {MeV/c^{2}}}and a width of $94 \pm 32$ (stat) $\pm 13$ (syst) MeV for the first resonance, and for the second a mass value of $4669 \pm 21$ (stat) $\pm 3$ (syst) ${\mathrm {MeV/c^{2}}}$ and a width of $104 \pm 48$ (stat) $\pm 10$ (syst) MeV. In addition, we show the $pi^{+}π^{-}$ mass distributions for these resonant regions.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D (Rapid Communications)
Benchmark calculation for proton-deuteron elastic scattering observables including the Coulomb interaction
Creators: name: Deltuva, A.
name: Fonseca, A.C.
name: Kievsky, A.
name: Rosati, S.
name: Sauer, P.U.
name: Viviani, M.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Coulomb problem
subject: three-particle scattering
subject: Schrödinger equation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Two independent calculations of proton-deuteron elastic scattering observables including Coulomb repulsion between the two protons are compared in the proton laboratory energy region between 3 and 65 MeV. The hadron dynamics is based on the purely nucleonic charge-dependent AV18 potential. Calculations are done in both coordinate space and momentum space. The coordinate-space calculations are based on a variational solution of the three-body Schrödinger equation using a correlated hyperspherical expansion for the wave function. The momentum-space calculations proceed via the solution of the Alt-Grassberger-Sandhas equation using the screened Coulomb potential and the renormalization approach. Both methods agree to the order of 1% on all observables, showing the reliability of both numerical techniques in that energy domain. At energies below the three-body breakup threshold, the coordinate-space method remains favored; at energies higher than 65 MeV, the momentum-space approach seems to be more efficient.
Comment on "exact three-dimensional wave function and the on-shell t matrix for the sharply cut-off Coulomb potential: Failure of the standard renormalization factor"
Creators: name: Deltuva, A.
name: Fonseca, A.C.
name: Sauer, P.U.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Coulomb scattering amplitude
subject: wave functions
subject: Coulomb potential
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: The results by W. Glöckle et al. [Phys. Rev. C 79, 044003 (2009)] are shown to be consistent with the screening and renormalization theory, and they do not invalidate previous numerical calculations of physical observables.
Additional file 2 of Risk factors for cancer of unknown primary: a literature review
Creators: name: Hermans, Karlijn E. P. E.
name: Kazemzadeh, Fatemeh
name: Loef, Caroline
name: Jansen, Rob L. H.
name: Nagtegaal, Iris D.
name: van den Brandt, Piet A.
name: Schouten, Leo J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table A. Results of epidemiological studies on smoking and cancer of unknown primary risk. Table B. Results of epidemiological studies on alcohol consumption and cancer of unknown primary risk. Table C. Results of epidemiological studies on diabetes mellitus and cancer of unknown primary risk. Table D. Results of epidemiological studies on family history of cancer and cancer of unknown primary risk. Table E. Results of epidemiological studies on anthropometry and cancer of unknown primary risk. Table F. Results of epidemiological studies on foods (animal-based) and cancer of unknown primary risk. Table G. Results of epidemiological studies on foods (plant-based) and cancer of unknown primary risk. Table H. Results of epidemiological studies on physical activity and cancer of unknown primary risk. Table I. Results of epidemiological studies on socioeconomic status and cancer of unknown primary risk. Table J. Results of epidemiological studies on immunity disorders and cancer of unknown primary risk. Table K. Results of epidemiological studies on lifestyle (overall) and cancer of unknown primary risk.
Quantum Walks with Nonorthogonal Position States
Creators: name: Matjeschk, R.
name: Ahlbrecht, Andre
name: Enderlein, M.
name: Cedzich, C.
name: Werner, A.H.
name: Keyl, M.
name: Schaetz, T.
name: Werner, R.F.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum walks
subject: Lamb-Dicke approximation
subject: Hilbert space
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Quantum walks have by now been realized in a large variety of different physical settings. In some of these, particularly with trapped ions, the walk is implemented in phase space, where the corresponding position states are not orthogonal. We develop a general description of such a quantum walk and show how to map it into a standard one with orthogonal states, thereby making available all the tools developed for the latter. This enables a variety of experiments, which can be implemented with smaller step sizes and more steps. Tuning the nonorthogonality allows for an easy preparation of extended states such as momentum eigenstates, which travel at a well-defined speed with low dispersion. We introduce a method to adjust their velocity by momentum shifts, which allows us to experimentally probe the dispersion relation, providing a benchmarking tool for the quantum walk, and to investigate intriguing effects such as the analog of Bloch oscillations.
Logarithmic bundles and Line arrangements, an approach via the standard construction
Creators: name: Faenzi, Daniele
name: Vallès, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C35, 14F05, 32S22

description: We propose an approach to study logarithmic sheaves T(-log A) associated with a hyperplane arrangements A on the projective space, based on projective duality, direct image functors and vector bundles methods. We focus on freeness of line arrangements having a point with high multiplicity.
description: 3 figures, pdf preferable