cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Using student conceptions about groundwater as resources for teaching about aquifers
Creators: name: Arthurs, Leilani A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Despite the need for public understanding about groundwater resources, groundwater is among those topics that instructors most struggle to teach at pre-college and college levels. Although constructivist theories suggest student-held conceptions can be used as teaching tools for active learning, there remains a question about how to draw out and incorporate these conceptions into actual class instruction. This study aims to answer the question: How can student conceptions about groundwater be used as teaching tools by drawing on a resource perspective of learning and backward design? The work utilizes the design study methodology. College-student work, college-classroom activities, and instructional records of a college-level instructor were examined to reconstruct and describe an instructional sequence about groundwater that was iteratively designed over five years using a resource perspective and backward design. This study helps bridge the gap between theory and practice by describing the design of an instructional sequence about groundwater and analyzing it within the framework of a resource perspective. General best practices, such as prior knowledge checks and predict-observe-discuss demonstrations, are translated into domain-specific instructional activities for teaching about groundwater and aquifers. Students’ responses to such activities reveal student-held conceptions and can be used to further guide instruction and inform ongoing curriculum design. Student-held conceptions are a key component of the proposed resource-perspective-based backward design model for instructional design.
Infrared and Raman studies of the Verwey transition in magnetite
Creators: name: Gasparov, L. V.
name: Tanner, D. B.
name: Romero, D. B.
name: Drew, H. D.
name: Berger, H.
name: Margaritondo, G.
name: Forro, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present infrared and Raman measurements of magnetite (Fe_3O_4). This material is known to undergo a metal-insulator and a structural transition (Verwey transition) at T_V=120K. At temperatures below T_V, we observe a strong gap-like suppression of the optical conductivity below 1000 cm^-1. The structural aspect of the Verwey transition demonstrates itself by the appearance of additional infrared- and Raman-active phonons. The frequencies of the infrared-active phonons show no significant singularities at the transition whereas their linewidths increase. The frequency and linewidth of the Raman-active phonon at 670 cm^-1 changes abruptly at the transition. For T
description: 16 pages, 5 Postscript figures, uses revtex.sty. submitted to Physical Review B
Vocabulary Rate in Coursebooks - Living with an Unstable Lexical Economy
Creators: name: Scholfield, Phil
Publisher: name: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics
Year: 1991

description: An important but neglected issue in vocabulary teaching is the rate at which new vocabulary items are and should be introduced in a course. It is possible to study the former by drawing a ‘vocabulary rate plot’ and analysing the shape of the line that appears using some simple concepts from ‘time series analysis’. From examination of a small sample of coursebooks for learners of English it emerges that one will find considerable differences between courses in the average number of new items per unit, and a great deal of variation between one unit and another within any course. Some of this latter variation seems to be just irregular, some due to the occurrence of ‘cycles’ - more or less uniform sequences of units bounded by a unit with little or no new vocabulary. There is also often a generally downward trend in the rate of introduction of new items through a course. Typically, these features are not all explicitly mentioned by course writers, and are probably not ideal, insofar as we can judge from our present limited knowledge of vocabulary learning. However, it is possible to propose some policies which may help the teacher to help his/her learners to deal with these features of vocabulary rate in a course, when they conflict with the rate at which learners may be able to take items in.
description: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics, Vol 5 (1991): Proceedings 5th Symposium on the Description and/or Comparison of English and Greek, Thessaloniki 27-29 March 1991
Mock galaxy shape catalogs in the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey
Creators: name: Shirasaki, Masato
name: Hamana, Takashi
name: Takada, Masahiro
name: Takahashi, Ryuichi
name: Miyatake, Hironao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the full-sky ray-tracing weak lensing simulations to generate 2268 mock catalogues for the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) survey first-year shear catalogue. Our mock catalogues take into account various effects as in the real data: the survey footprints, inhomogeneous angular distribution of source galaxies, statistical uncertainties in photometric redshift (photo-$z$) estimate, variations in the lensing weight, and the statistical noise in galaxy shape measurements including both intrinsic shapes and the measurement errors. We then utilize our mock catalogues to evaluate statistical uncertainties expected in measurements of cosmic shear two-point correlations $ξ_{\pm}$ with tomographic redshift information for the HSC survey. We develop a quasi-analytical formula for the Gaussian sample variance properly taking into account the number of source pairs in the survey footprints. The standard Gaussian formula significantly overestimates or underestimates the mock results by $50\%$ level. We also show that different photo-$z$ catalogues or the six disconnected fields, rather than a consecutive geometry, cause variations in the covariance by $\sim 5\%$. The mock catalogues enable us to study the chi-square distribution for $ξ_{\pm}$. We find the wider distribution than that naively expected for the distribution with the degrees-of-freedom of data vector used. Finally, we propose a method to include non-zero multiplicative bias in mock shape catalogue and show the non-zero multiplicative bias can change the effective shape noise in cosmic shear analyses. Our results suggest an importance of estimating an accurate form of the likelihood function (and therefore the covariance) for robust cosmological parameter inference from the precise measurements.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Emergence of Child Grammar and Grammaticalization Theory
Creators: name: Stephany, Ursula
Publisher: name: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics
Year: 1991

description: Emergence of grammar in first language acquisition is studied from the point of view of recent approaches to grammaticalization in general linguistics where the emergence of grammar in the languages of the world is taken to proceed from discourse to syntax, from more concrete lexical to more abstract gram­matical meanings. In this perspective, the language acquisi­tion problem consisting in the child's task of constructing the grammar of his native language on the basis of linguistic input becomes less formidable and it seems less paradoxical to consider the child as using a language in order to learn it rather than vice versa. Insofar as grammaticalization theory will finally succeed in explaining the course of grammatical development in the languages of the world and in language ac­quisition, the role played by “universal grammar” considered as man’s specifically linguistic biological endowment will be reduced. - The paper presents arguments for considering the child's acquisition of grammar as a process of grammaticalization. Data are mainly from Greek child speech.
description: Selected papers on theoretical and applied linguistics, Vol 5 (1991): Proceedings 5th Symposium on the Description and/or Comparison of English and Greek, Thessaloniki 27-29 March 1991
Relational Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Rovelli, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I suggest that the common unease with taking quantum mechanics as a fundamental description of nature (the "measurement problem") could derive from the use of an incorrect notion, as the unease with the Lorentz transformations before Einstein derived from the notion of observer-independent time. I suggest that this incorrect notion is the notion of observer-independent state of a system (or observer-independent values of physical quantities). I reformulate the problem of the "interpretation of quantum mechanics" as the problem of deriving the formalism from a few simple physical postulates. I consider a reformulation of quantum mechanics in terms of information theory. All systems are assumed to be equivalent, there is no observer-observed distinction, and the theory describes only the information that systems have about each other; nevertheless, the theory is complete.
description: Substantially revised version. LaTeX file
title: Nature Index of Norway spatial predictive modelling of soft sediment reference conditions along the Norwegian coast
Creators: name: Gundersen, Hege
name: Bekkby, Trine
name: Norling, Karl
name: Oug, Eivind
name: Rygg, Brage
name: Walday, Mats
Publisher: name: ASC 2011 - Theme session G
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Soft sediments cover most of the ocean seabed and often contain benthic communities with high biological diversity. Sediment‐dwelling organisms depend on the substrate that they are attached to or live in, and species composition varies with sediment type. Macrofauna composition and diversity in soft sediments are commonly used as “health indicators” in various pollution monitoring programmes worldwide, and this fauna component has also been selected as one of the main quality elements in the EU Water Directive. Several areas diverge from the reference condition, and spatial predictive modelling is an essential tool to get spatial maps of reference condition in soft sediments and to find areas in which actions have to be taken to gain good environmental status according to the directive. The presentation demonstrates how we have integrated GIS models on geophysical variables (such as depth, slope, wave exposure, and terrain structures) and different infauna indices developed based on data collected for over 30 years. We focus on the quality index NQI, an index intercalibrated within the EU. The model selection technique Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) was used to select the best statistical model from a set of candidate generalized additive model (GAM) models, which were also used to develop a spatial predictive NQI model for the Norwegian coast. The method and results from this study are considered a great improvement over earlier approaches, in which the same reference value was used in all regions and water types in Norway.
Asymptotic Boundary Observability for the Wave Equation on One Side of a Planar Triangle
Creators: name: Christianson, Hans
name: Stafford, Evan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35B30, 35B40, 35Q93

description: We consider the wave equation $(\partial_t^2-Δ)u=0$ on a planar triangular domain $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^2$ with Dirichlet boundary conditions. We use a commutator and integration by parts argument similar to that in \cite{Chr2DTriangles} by the first author to obtain an observability asymptotic for any one side of the triangle. Our result is particular to triangular domains and does not hold for polygons in general.
Inspirational Shopping: Improving Online Shopping Experience Through Recommendation System Based on Personal Values
Creators: name: Bori Lee
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Design

description: Online shopping has revolutionized retailing with low price and convenience since its arrival and is threatening brick-and- mortar stores. However, there is a shopping paradox. According to a recent survey, however, 65% of online shoppers still prefer to go to physical shops. Having too many choices is one of the reasons why online shops are less favored. Customer satisfaction decreases when they face too many options because it leads to high expectation, anxiety, and regret at their decisions. Shoppers suffer from a question; “Is this the right one for me?” Through investigating furniture and home decor shopping, this research has found that shoppers make a purchase decision not only based on external facts like the price but also based on their inner voices, such as personal values. This study has explored the opportunity and envisioned an e-commerce service with a recommendation model to raise customer satisfaction with the shopping experience. The model utilizes laddering technique and means-end chain model to identify an individual customer’s personal values. By answering the recommendation quiz, customers are suggested relevant products from various brands that align with them. The objective of this project is to assist customers to make more confident decisions and give online retailers a tool to improve the shopping experience for their customers.
Cultivating Mindful Digital Habits
Creators: name: Krishnaswamy, Manya
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Design

description: The technologies that support almost every aspect of our daily lives are increasingly being crafted to attract our attention and keep us hooked. Design tactics, such as endless newsfeeds that keep us scrolling, notifications that intercept our attention, and the ease of weaving between digital activities, result in reduced control over how we channel our attention, an increase in stress levels and a widening gap between our actions and intentions.
Despite more people becoming increasingly aware of how their behavior is influenced by technology and wanting to take control back, few tools exist to support them in building better digital habits that bolster conscious consumption of technology in the long run. Current tools designed to help people combat distraction tend to focus on quick fixes that serve near term goals and lack customization to suit individuals’ needs.
This research project takes a research through design approach to understand the challenges people face with digital distractions, develop a series of design interventions that take different approaches to addressing the challenges, and evaluating the interventions to develop a set of design principles for cultivating mindful digital habits. The principles can be applied to digital products and services to fight distraction, empower users with greater agency over their technology consumption, and create greater alignment between their actions and intentions.
title: A methodology to map the extent of the seabed significantly affected by bottom trawling
Creators: name: Diesing, Markus
name: Aldridge, John
name: Stephens, David
Publisher: name: ASC 2011 - Theme session G
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Seabed disturbance by bottom‐towed fishing gear is recognized as the most widespread impact that humans have on the seabed in the North Sea and English Channel. Consequently, information on the extent and significance of such disturbance is fundamental to progressing an assessment of sensitivity of seabed sediments. In addition to this, the Marine Strategy Framework Directive’s (MSFD) indicator 6.1.2 requires an assessment of the “Extent of the seabed significantly affected by human activities for the different substrate types”. Here we present a methodology for making such an assessment in a case study for the English Channel. Based on Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) data from relevant UK and foreign vessels deploying bottom‐towed fishing gear, we estimate the intensity of bottom trawling on the seabed. This is then related to the intensity of natural disturbance on the seabed caused by waves and tidal currents, which is derived from hydrodynamic model outputs. We make the assumption that significant bottom‐trawling impact is experienced where the intensity of bottom trawling is larger than that of natural disturbance. In this way, we are able to map the relative proportions of fishing impact in relation to natural seabed disturbance. We assess significant fishing impacts for different substrate types and EUNIS (European Nature Information System) habitats. Our proposed methodology, as exemplified for the English Channel, should be applicable to other marine regions and could serve as a template for an assessment of descriptor 6 (seabed integrity) of the MSFD.
Imaging and time stamping of photons with nanosecond resolution in Timepix based optical cameras
Creators: name: Nomerotski, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This contribution describes fast time-stamping cameras sensitive to optical photons and their applications.
description: in Proceedings of ULITIMA2018 workshop, Argonne National Lab, September 2018
title: Geostatistical modelling of surficial sediment composition in the North Sea and English Channel: using historical data to improve confidence in seabed habitat maps
Creators: name: Stephens, David
name: Coggan, Roger
name: Diesing, Markus
Publisher: name: ASC 2011 - Theme session G
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.This study aims to make the best use of historical data while addressing the need for a quantitative, repeatable procedure for the mapping of sediment composition over the UK areas of the North Sea and English Channel. The traditional approach has been qualitative, using expert interpretation to draw contours around point samples and so segment the seabed into polygons representing different substrate types. The variability of sampling density of the observations and subsequent variability in confidence of the interpretation are usually not provided to the users of the resulting mapped layers, therefore they have no way of judging the confidence they should have in it; they just assume that “the map is correct”. An additional hurdle is that the output map often has a classification system applied (e.g. the Folk classification of sediment types) and this may not be fit for purpose for all end‐users; a classification scheme that makes sense to a geologist may have little relevance to the biologist. Our objective was to use a database of historical samples obtained from the BGS (British Geological Survey) to model the spatial distribution of surficial sediment composition in a way that does not impose these constraints and permits the output of “bespoke” maps, classified according to the needs of the end‐user. We achieved this using spatial prediction, specifically “Kriging with external drift” (KED). Using a digital elevation model of the seabed as the “external drift” significantly improves the outputs compared with ordinary Kriging (OK).
Cavitation induced by explosion in a model of ideal fluid
Creators: name: Josserand, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the problem of an explosion in the cubic-quintic superfluid model, in relation to some experimental observations. We show numerically that an explosion in such a model might induce a cavitation bubble for large enough energy. This gives a consistent view for rebound bubbles in superfluid and we indentify the loss of energy between the successive rebounds as radiated waves. We compute self-similar solution of the explosion for the early stage, when no bubbles have been nucleated. The solution also gives the wave number of the excitations emitted through the shock wave.
description: 21 pages,13 figures, other comments
title: Multilingual Researchers and Reference Management Habits
Creators: name: Lisbon, Adam H.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Scholarly Communication
subject: reference management software
subject: bibliographic management software
subject: multilingual resources
subject: researchers
subject: Scholarly Publishing

description: Software is often developed with an implicit bias that people only speak one language, and that language should be English. Reference management software is no different. Scholars often have sources of information in multiple languages, and properly citing them creates a set of additional rules to remember and challenges for software to overcome to properly document the nature of the source materials. Different scholarly journals may have different expectations for how to format non-English sources. The demands can also vary based on the actual language of the source. The use of reference management software is well documented, but the nature of non-English sources and how they need to be handled have rarely been considered. I conducted a survey with 182 participants across disciplines to discover how they keep track of and manage their non-English sources for their English language publications. Multilingual researchers have unique challenges that have not been investigated in depth, nor are they a monolithic group who have a universal set of needs. Uncovering these issues shows that multilingual researchers shows that reference management software cannot accommodate multilingual matters such as saving the vernacular text as well as a transliteration and/or translation. There is however one instance of reference management software that does accommodate for these special needs, yet based on the sample from my study, is almost entirely unknown in the field. Other challenges to the adoption and effective use of multilingual reference management software include how scholars perceive the capabilities of the various software options, their own personal habits which are very difficult to change, if they even need to be changed, and the learning curve of the software itself. Looking at these issues together, I would like to show what the concerns and challenges of multilingual scholars are, what are the potential software solutions, and how, even if you yourself are not a multilingual librarian, can still support faculty, students, and other researchers with an interest in adopting software for their multilingual research needs.
description: Tracking multilingual sources creates logistical challenges that most reference management software is not prepared to handle. What is the nature of their research workflow and how can Librarians offer better support?
Effects of air-assisted solar drying on poplar lumber drying processes in sub frigid zone regions
Creators: name: Chi, Xiang
name: Tang, Sai
name: Du, Xinyuan
name: Song, Xiaoxue
name: Qi, Zhengyu
name: Yan, Xu
name: Han, Gangping
name: Shi, Sheldon Q.
name: Cheng, Wanli
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: To study the feasibility and applicability of air energy assisted solar drying under low radiation value conditions in sub frigid zone regions, an intermittent air energy assisted solar heating (IAEASH) process was developed using the 100 Degrees Celsius Test Method and the controlled variable method. Experiments were conducted on two drying processes, namely, continuous air energy assisted solar heating (CAEASH) and IAEASH, using an air energy assisted solar drying system. Poplar sawn lumbers were used in the experiments. The drying processes of both CAEASH and IAEASH methods were compared and analyzed. Results showed that the effective heating time for IAEASH was reduced by 21 h compared to CAEASH, with an average of 23.9%/h increase in drying rate during effective heating. The average radial and tangential dry shrinkage strains of IAEASH during drying ranged from −0.011 to 0.048 and from 0.004 to 0.039 respectively, which were better than the experimental results of CAEASH, and reduced the shrinking of poplar lumber. The IAEASH dried lumber showed neater arrangement between cells. The power consumption of IAEASH was 314.5 kWh, which represented a 50.7% improvement in energy efficiency compared to CAEASH. In summary, the developed IAEASH process is feasible for application in sub frigid zone regions.
title: Spatial distribution and structure of benthic communities in Herve and Cardozo Coves (Admiralty Bay, King George Island, South Shetlands, Antarctica)
Creators: name: Kidawa, Anna
name: Janecki, Tomasz
Publisher: name: ASC 2011 - Theme session G
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.In the last 50 years a significant climatic shift has been observed along Antarctic Peninsula (e.g. glacial retreat, temperature rise). Such changes may have a significant impact on the structure and diversity of benthic communities. Underwater photographic documentation of macrobentos was carried out in Cardozo and Herve Coves (Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica) during austral summers 2007–2008 and 2009–2010. Observations of bottom morphology and sediment type were done by scuba divers. Both coves are formed by retreating glaciers, but they differ in area, depth, isolation from the main waters of Admiralty Bay, and glacial input. Analysis of data revealed significant changes in the density, diversity, and species composition of benthic communities in both coves. Large, open Cardozo Cove supported more diverse macrofauna (35 species compared with 16 in Herve Cove). Areas recently freed from ice were colonized mostly by bivalves such as Laternula elliptica and Yoldia eightsi (Herve Cove) or ascidians such as Molgula pedunculata and Cnemidocarpa verrucosa (Cardozo Cove). Areas adjacent to open waters of Admiralty Bay were dominated by sea anemones (Edwardsia sp.) and amphipods (Cheirmedon femoratus) (Herve Cove) or sea urchins (Sterechinus neumayeri) and diverse sea stars (Cardozo Cove). In the last 15 years the macrofauna of Herve Cove has been enriched by species previously unknown or incidental there, such as isopods (Glyptonotus antarcticus), sea urchins (Sterechinus neumayeri), sea stars (Odontaster validus) and limpets (Nacella concinna). Changes in areas covered by Edwardsia sp. were observed. Collected data will be used in long‐term monitoring and mapping changes in benthic communities under environmental stress.
Hadronic Effects in the Pionium Ion
Creators: name: Rasche, G.
name: Gashi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hadronic properties of the pionium ion (Coulomb bound system of three charged pions) are estimated using the results for the positronium ion $P{s}^{-}$. It turns out that the hadronic shift of the ground state energy and the lifetime of the pionium ion are approximately the same as for pionium.
description: RevTex, 5 pages
Thick surface flows of granular materials: The effect of the velocity profile on the avalanche amplitude
Creators: name: Aradian, Achod
name: Raphael, Elie
name: de Gennes, Pierre-Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A few years ago, Bouchaud al. introduced a phenomenological model to describe surface flows of granular materials [J. Phys. Fr. I, 4, 1383 (1994)]. According to this model, one can distinguish between a static phase and a rolling phase that are able to exchange grains through an erosion/accretion mechanism. Boutreux et al. [Phys. Rev. E, 58, 4692 (1998)] proposed a modification of the exchange term in order to describe thicker flows where saturation effects are present. However, these approaches assumed that the downhill convection velocity of the grains is constant inside the rolling phase, a hypothesis that is not verified experimentally. In this article, we therefore modify the above models by introducing a velocity profile in the flow, and study the physical consequences of this modification in the simple situation of an avalanche in an open cell. We present a complete analytical description of the avalanche in the case of a linear velocity profile, and generalize the results for a power-law dependency. We show, in particular, that the amplitude of the avalanche is strongly affected by the velocity profile.
description: 7 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E
Proposta de módulo sem fio para rastreamento 3D de movimentos de membros superiores
Creators: name: Santos, Julia Sousa
name: Soares, Alcimar Barbosa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Rastreamento tridimensional
sensor inercial
membros superiores

description: Este artigo apresenta uma proposta para desenvolvimento de um sistema sem fio para rastreamento em tempo real da posição dos membros superiores utilizando sensores inerciais. O projeto prevê a utilização de sensores inerciais associados a um microcontrolador de alta performance, que controla os processos de comunicação, aquisição e transmissão de dados. Um transceptor nRF24LE1 é utilizado como link de transmissão sem fio (Rádio Frequência – RF) em alta velocidade. Este projeto tem potencial para aplicação em diversas áreas da engenharia biomédica, provendo mecanismos para uma melhor avaliação biomecânica do movimento humano, bem como pode contribuir para diversas áreas da saúde, como fisioterapia e terapia ocupacional, na avaliação do processo de reabilitação de pacientes pós acidente vascular encefálico.
New Probes for Axion-like Particles at Hadron Colliders
Creators: name: Ebadi, Javad
name: Khatibi, Sara
name: Najafabadi, Mojtaba Mohammadi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axion-like particles (ALPs) appear from spontaneous global symmetry breaking in many extensions of the Standard Model (SM). In this paper, we find bounds on ALP ($a$) model parameters at the LHC from the ALP production associated with a photon and a jet ($j+γ+a$) as well as single top and top quark pairs ($t+j+a$, $t\bar{t}+a$) in a model independent approach. In particular, it is shown that the ALP production associated with a photon plus a jet at the LHC is a promising channel with significant sensitivity to probe the ALP couplings to gluons and electroweak gauge bosons. The prospects are presented at the High Luminosity LHC including a realistic detector simulation and pile up effects. Furthermore, the ALP model is examined through its contributions to the top quark (chromo)magnetic dipole moments. It is shown that the top quark magnetic and chromomagnetic dipole moments enable us to probe the ALP couplings to top quark and gauge bosons at a time. The constraints are complementary to those obtained from direct searches, as they are sensitive to light ALPs.
description: References added, figures replaced and text modified accordingly
Semileptonic decays of heavy mesons
Creators: name: Ivanov, M. A.
name: Kalinovsky, Yu. L.
name: Maris, P.
name: Roberts, C. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The semileptonic and leptonic decays of heavy mesons are studied as a phenomenological application and exploration of a heavy-quark limit of Dyson-Schwinger equations. The single form factor, $ξ(w)$, which characterises the semileptonic decay in this limit, is calculated and compares well with recent experimental extractions. We obtain a lower bound of 1/3 on the slope-parameter $ρ^2 \equiv -ξ^\prime(1)$, which, in calculations with realistic input, is exceeded by a great deal: agreement with experimental data requiring $ρ^2 \sim 1.2 - 1.6$. The flavour and momentum dependence of the light-quark propagators has observable consequences.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX, epsfig.sty, elsart.sty
Ground and excited energy levels can be extracted exactly from a single ensemble density-functional theory calculation
Creators: name: Deur, Killian
name: Fromager, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gross-Oliveira-Kohn density-functional theory (GOK-DFT) for ensembles is the DFT analog of state-averaged wavefunction-based (SA-WF) methods. In GOK-DFT, the state-averaged (so-called ensemble) exchange-correlation (xc) energy is described by a single functional of the density which, for a fixed density, depends on the weights assigned to each state in the ensemble. We show that, if a many-weight-dependent xc functional is employed, then it becomes possible to extract, in principle exactly, all individual energy levels from a single GOK-DFT calculation, exactly like in a SA-WF calculation. More precisely, starting from the Kohn-Sham energies, a global Levy-Zahariev-type shift as well as a state-specific (ensemble-based) xc derivative correction must be applied in order to reach the energy level of interest. We illustrate with the asymmetric Hubbard dimer the importance and substantial weight dependence of both corrections. A comparison with more standard extraction procedures, which rely on a sequence of ensemble calculations, is made at the ensemble exact exchange level of approximation.
description: 11 pages and 4 figures
The Ecclesiology of the Feast of SS Cyril and Methodius in the Slavic Orthodox
Creators: name: Kokudev, Savas
name: Ribolov, Svetoslav
Publisher: name: Fragmenta Hellenoslavica
Year: 2016

description: The article is focused over the transformation of the celebration of the St. Cyril and St. Methodius as apostles among the Slavs. Two different identities could be observed. The primary 9th century ecclesiastical image of the Holy Brothers describes them as apostles among the Slavs, being part of the mission of the Ecumenical Patriarchate. Ten centuries later they are seen as part of an national Renaissance as local saints inventing new national Orthodox identity. The various interpolations are interpreted through a liturgical-historical methodology and ecclesiological aspects of this transformation are drawn, that turn to be corresponding to the 19th century contemporary ideology of Pan-Slavism and rise of autocephalous churches and national states on the Balkans.
description: Fragmenta Hellenoslavica, Vol 3 (2016)
Reals-space renormalization group study of the anisotropic antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model on the square lattice
Creators: name: Branco, N. S.
name: de Sousa, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we apply two different real-space renormalization-group (RSRG) approaches to the anisotropic antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 Heisenberg model on the square lattice. Our calculations allow for an approximate evaluation of the $T$ vs. $Δ$ phase-diagram: the results suggest the existence of a critical value of $Δ>0$, at which the critical temperature goes to zero, and the presence of reentrant behavior on the critical line between the ordered and disordered phases. This whole critical line is found to belong to the same universality class as the Ising model. Our results are in accordance with previous RSRG approaches but not with numerical simulations and spin-wave calculations.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures included. To appear in Phys. Rev. B
An Interview with an Author and Editor: The View from Taiwan
Creators: name: Cheng, Estelle
Publisher: name: ORCID
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: ORCID Engagement Manager Asia-Pacific, Estelle Cheng, recently spoke with Wen-Yau Cathy Lin, an academic, author and scholarly journal editor about ORCID and its use in Taiwan.
Strongly Enhanced Curie Temperature in Carbon-Doped Mn5Ge3 Films
Creators: name: Gajdzik, M.
name: Suergers, C.
name: Kelemen, M.
name: Loehneysen, H. v.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structural and magnetic properties of Mn5Ge3Cx films prepared at elevated substrate temperatures TS are investigated. In particular, films with x >= 0.5 and TS = 680 K exhibit a strongly enhanced Curie temperature TC = 440 K compared to Mn5Ge3 with TC = 304 K. Structural analysis of these films suggests that the carbon is interstitially incorporated into the voids of Mn octahedra of the hexagonal Mn5Si3-type structure giving rise to a lattice compression. The enhanced ferromagnetic stability in connection with the lattice compression is interpreted in terms of an Mn-Mn interaction mediated by C based on a change in the electronic structure.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, minor changes in text
title: Quantification and prediction of the impact of fishing on epifaunal communities from a benthic photographic survey.ICES CM 2011
Creators: name: Lambert, G. I.
name: Jennings, S.
name: Kaiser, M. J.
name: Hinz, H.
name: Hiddink, J. G.
Publisher: name: ASC 2011 - Theme session G
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.There is a gap in the literature regarding the assessment of fishing impacts on benthic habitatforming species. Here, based on an analysis of the impacts of the scallop dredge fleet around the Isle of Man, Irish Sea, we demonstrate how fishing and the physical environment act to determine the biomass and size composition of emergent epifauna. The epifauna create a habitat structure that is used by juvenile scallops and other species, thus providing an important ecosystem service. Epifauna were identified and quantified using still photographs taken during an extensive survey of the Isle of Man’s territorial waters. On hard substrata, the effect of tidal velocity on total biomass (g m–2) and maximum size (g) of the largest organism encountered in each taxon was positive, whereas wave stress and fishing frequency had a negative impact. We used the results to predict the distribution of biomass and maximum size and to quantify the total effects of fishing. Fishing frequency was the most important factor affecting the maximum size of the epifauna, resulting in a mean decrease of 17% (range 0–66%). Total biomass was predominantly affected by wave stress and tidal velocity whereas fishing caused a mean biomass decrease of 8% (range 0–34%), equivalent to 1.8 g m–2. The results have implications for conservation because they allow assessment of fishing impacts by the fleet as well as supporting identification of areas where important seabed habitats are most vulnerable to fishing.
BioSimulator.jl: Stochastic simulation in Julia
Creators: name: Landeros, Alfonso
name: Stutz, Timothy
name: Keys, Kevin L.
name: Alekseyenko, Alexander
name: Sinsheimer, Janet S.
name: Lange, Kenneth
name: Sehl, Mary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Biological systems with intertwined feedback loops pose a challenge to mathematical modeling efforts. Moreover, rare events, such as mutation and extinction, complicate system dynamics. Stochastic simulation algorithms are useful in generating time-evolution trajectories for these systems because they can adequately capture the influence of random fluctuations and quantify rare events. We present a simple and flexible package, BioSimulator.jl, for implementing the Gillespie algorithm, $τ$-leaping, and related stochastic simulation algorithms. The objective of this work is to provide scientists across domains with fast, user-friendly simulation tools. We used the high-performance programming language Julia because of its emphasis on scientific computing. Our software package implements a suite of stochastic simulation algorithms based on Markov chain theory. We provide the ability to (a) diagram Petri Nets describing interactions, (b) plot average trajectories and attached standard deviations of each participating species over time, and (c) generate frequency distributions of each species at a specified time. BioSimulator.jl's interface allows users to build models programmatically within Julia. A model is then passed to the simulate routine to generate simulation data. The built-in tools allow one to visualize results and compute summary statistics. Our examples highlight the broad applicability of our software to systems of varying complexity from ecology, systems biology, chemistry, and genetics. The user-friendly nature of BioSimulator.jl encourages the use of stochastic simulation, minimizes tedious programming efforts, and reduces errors during model specification.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
Black Hole Spectrum: Continuous or Discrete?
Creators: name: Makela, Jarmo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a qualitative argument, based on Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, to support the claim that when the effects of matter fields are assumed to overshadow the effects of quantum mechanics of spacetime, the discrete spectrum of black hole radiation, as such as predicted by Bekenstein's proposal for a discrete black hole area spectrum, reduces to Hawking's black-body spectrum.
description: 7 pages, no figures
title: Spatial explicit tools to support an ecosystem-basedmanagement: modelling of nursery grounds in the German EEZ
Creators: name: Gimpel, Antje
name: Stelzenmüller, Vanessa
name: Floeter, Jens
name: Temming, Axel
Publisher: name: ASC 2011 - Theme session G
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Ecosystem‐based marine spatial planning (MSP) as a process maintains ecosystem health and services by informing about the spatial distribution of activities and processes in the oceans. The protection of the marine environment and sustainable development are the most important objectives of the German MSP. Here we present spatially explicit tools to assess the consequences of spatial management scenarios for both activities and important ecosystem components such as the nursery grounds of Pleuronectes platessa, a fish species of high commercial importance. The first aim is to gain an overview about general conflicts between the objectives mentioned, a conflict analysis of human activities, and their ecological footprints. The scoring of activity combinations highlight potential conflicts based on a conflict matrix. Human activities, the calculation of their footprints and the resulting conflicts, were mapped using a geographic information system (GIS). Second aim was to investigate the impact of these activities, and make a risk analysis of human pressure on the nursery grounds of plaice. Nursery grounds were modelled using generalized additive models (GAM) and visualized taking advantage of the GIS. The individual human activities were allocated to generic pressure categories and their (combined) effect on the nursery grounds were evaluated by accounting for the spatial overlap and sensitivity to those pressures. In order to assess future conditions, a third aim was to study the risk of the implementation of new activity in the German EEZ in a spatial management scenario. The spatial information was mapped using the GIS approach.
Amplifying ASL: Designing with Futuring and Inclusion
Creators: name: Cherban, Mackenzie
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Design

description: This Master’s thesis project studies the intersection of design and technology in its relation to those who are d/Deaf in a way that is both evaluative and critical. This was done in order to better understand the gaps that currently exist, both within projects and products as well as design processes. Design research, futuring, and technical explorations were used to better investigate this intersection. Through reviewing literature and existing precedents, there appear to be two major roles of products, correction or connection. A series of interviews with both deaf and non-deaf were conducted to understand the perspectives of both parties in order to better situate the approach taken throughout this project. A futuring workshop was used for creating and imagining new futures from the perspective of those within and closest to the Deaf community.
A handful of technical explorations were conducted using current technologies as to better comprehend their capabilities. Ultimately, these explorations were used to reframe current trends in technology and create artifacts from the participants’ futures. This project aims to raise more questions than necessarily propose solutions. It aims to provide a sort of case study and framework that can be used to question, or incorporate into, a designer’s process. This study has researched and implemented several design processes including participatory design, futuring, speculative design, and inclusive design. As a result, this project proposes that the evolving and growing design practice of inclusive design begin to embrace futuring as a valuable aspect of the process.
Freeze-Out Time in Ultrarelativistic Heavy Ion Collisions from Coulomb Effects in Transverse Pion Spectra
Creators: name: Barz, H. W.
name: Bondorf, J. P.
name: Gaardhøje, J. J.
name: Heiselberg, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of the nuclear Coulomb field on transverse spectra of $π^+$ and $π^-$ measured in $Pb+Pb$ reactions at 158 A GeV has been investigated. Pion trajectories are calculated in the field of an expanding fireball. The observed enhancement of the $π^-/π^+$ ratio at small momenta depends on the temperature and transverse expansion velocity of the source, the rapidity distribution of the net positive charge, and mainly the time of the freeze-out.
description: 11 pages including 2 figures
Supplementary Table 1 from Temperature-dependent development of the blow fly Chrysomya pinguis and its significance in estimating postmortem interval
Creators: name: zhang, Yingna
name: Wang, Yu
name: Sun, Jian
name: Hu, Guoliang
name: Wang, Man
name: Amendt, Jens
name: Wang, Jiangfeng
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019

description: The life stages of Chrysomya pinguis related to sample ages (hours)