cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Distraction impairs drivers of all ages: A cross-sectional analysis of fatal crashes in the United States
Creators: name: Marchese, Carlina
name: Dubois, Sacha
name: Martin, Lynn
name: Weaver, Bruce
name: Bédard, Michel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the association between distracted driving and crash responsibility across the whole age span after adjusting for several driver characteristics and the potential influence of alcohol and drugs. Methods: Using data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System for the years 2010 to 2019, we estimated the association between distracted driving and crash responsibility in drivers (of passenger-type vehicles) aged 20 and older, with a confirmed blood alcohol concentration of zero, and who tested negative for drugs (n = 33,513). We operationalized crash responsibility as having one or more unsafe driving action (UDA) recorded. Results: In total, slightly under 9% of the drivers examined were coded as distracted. The most common UDA among distracted drivers was a failure to yield right of way (23.4% vs. 14.2% for non-distracted drivers). Driving distracted was associated with higher odds of an UDA for drivers of all ages (overall OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.24, 1.73). Conclusions: Distracted driving affects drivers of all ages. Given that distracted driving is highly preventable, we must increase our prevention efforts.
Quality aspects relating to giving birth in Switzerland: An analysis of quality indicators in inpatient obstetrics from 2013 to 2017
Creators: name: Moser, Dominik
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: obstetrics
subject: quality variation
subject: quality transparency
subject: hospital care planning
subject: public reporting

description: Quality transparency supports the reduction of information asymmetries in the health care system and enables the targeted regulation of health care. This study examines quality variation in inpatient obstetric care using the official Federal Office of Public Health Inpatient Quality Indicators (CH-IQI; vaginal births with 3rd- and 4th-degree perineal tears, vaginal births with episiotomy, and Caesarean section for low-risk births). It includes 101 maternity hospitals and 425,810 births between 2013 and 2017. For births with perineal laceration of 3rd and 4th degree, Switzerland performs 0.9% poorer in comparison to Germany (D-IQI) and Austria (A-IQI). For births with episiotomy, Switzerland is 1.1% above Germany. The Caesarean section rate for low-risk births was 26.8% in Switzerland in 2017 (Germany: 25.9%). When comparing Swiss clinics, private clinic locations in particular stand out. One possible reason for this may be the density of care, patient demands or the system of affiliated physicians at these clinics.
Large sets of Kirkman triple systems with order $q^n+2$
Creators: name: Wang, Chen
name: Shi, Cong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B07

description: The existence of Large sets of Kirkman Triple Systems (LKTS) is an old problem in combinatorics. Known results are very limited, and a lot of them are based on the works of Denniston \cite{MR0349416, MR0369086, MR535159, MR539718}. The only known recursive constructions are an tripling construction by Denniston \cite{MR535159}and a product construction by Lei \cite{MR1931492}, both constructs an LKTS($uv$) on the basis of an LKTS($v$). In this paper, we describe an construction of LKTS$(q^n+2)$ from LKTS$(q+2)$, where $q$ is a prime power of the form $6t+1$. We could construct previous unknown LKTS($v$) by this result, the smallest among them have $v=171,345,363$.
Robots engage face-processing less strongly than humans
Creators: name: Momen, Ali
name: Hugenberg, Kurt
name: Wiese, Eva
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 150 Psychologie
subject: human–robot interaction
subject: human–agent interaction
subject: social cognition
subject: face-processing
subject: anthropomorphism

description: Robot faces often differ from human faces in terms of their facial features (e.g., lack of eyebrows) and spatial relationships between these features (e.g., disproportionately large eyes), which can influence the degree to which social brain [i.e., Fusiform Face Area (FFA), Superior Temporal Sulcus (STS); Haxby et al., 2000] areas process them as social individuals that can be discriminated from other agents in terms of their perceptual features and person attributes. Of interest in this work is whether robot stimuli are processed in a less social manner than human stimuli. If true, this could undermine human–robot interactions (HRIs) because human partners could potentially fail to perceive robots as individual agents with unique features and capabilities—a phenomenon known as outgroup homogeneity—potentially leading to miscalibration of trust and errors in allocation of task responsibilities. In this experiment, we use the face inversion paradigm (as a proxy for neural activation in social brain areas) to examine whether face processing differs between human and robot face stimuli: if robot faces are perceived as less face-like than human-faces, the difference in recognition performance for faces presented upright compared to upside down (i.e., inversion effect) should be less pronounced for robot faces than human faces. The results demonstrate a reduced face inversion effect with robot vs. human faces, supporting the hypothesis that robot faces are processed in a less face-like manner. This suggests that roboticists should attend carefully to the design of robot faces and evaluate them based on their ability to engage face-typical processes. Specific design recommendations on how to accomplish this goal are provided in the discussion.
title: In Beziehung auf den Waffenstillstands-Vertrag mit Dänemark ist der Irrthum verbreitet, daß das Reichs-Ministerium der Ansicht gewesen sei, es solle die Ratification des von Preußen im Namen der provisorischen Reichsgewalt abzuschließenden Waffenstillstandes der deutschen National-Versammlungvorbehalten bleiben. ...; [1848]
title: [Berlin, den 27. Juli 1848. Sr. Hochwohlgeboren dem Königl. General à la Suite, Herrn General-Major von Below, hier.]
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Auerswald, Hans ¬von
name: Below, Gustav ¬von
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Ohne Titel
Optimization of multiple battery swapping stations with mobile support for ancillary services
Creators: name: Kocer, Mustafa Cagatay
name: Onen, Ahmet
name: Ustun, Taha Selim
name: Albayrak, Sahin
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: battery swapping station
subject: mobile swapping station
subject: vehicle-to-grid
subject: ancillary services
subject: optimal scheduling
subject: electric vehicle
subject: electric bus

description: The recent developments in electric vehicles (EVs) causes several issues that have not been satisfactorily addressed. One of the foremost problems is the charging–discharging processes of EV batteries with diverse characteristics. Although a charging station is the first choice in this regard, a battery swap station (BSS) is also a suitable alternative solution as it eliminates long waiting periods and battery degradation due to fast charging. BSS has the capability to ensure prompt and efficient service for electric vehicles. Since BSS has a large number of battery systems, optimum planning of the charging–discharging operations of the batteries is critical for both BSS and the grid. This study presents an optimal charging–discharging schedule for multiple BSSs based on the swap demand of privately owned EVs and electric bus (EB) public transportation system. In addition, BSSs reinforce the power grid by providing ancillary services such as peak shaving and valley filling with demand response programs. In order to increase the flexibility of the operation, the mobile swapping station (MSS) concept, an innovative and dynamic service, is introduced to the literature and added to the model. The results indicate that BSS is an essential agent in the ancillary services market and the MSS concept is a yielding solution for both BSSs and power networks. Last, the data utilized in the study for swap demand calculation and power grid analysis are real-world data from Berlin, Germany.
Impact of Indentation in Programming
Creators: name: Parvatham, Niranjan Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In computer programming languages, indentation formats program source code to improve readability. Programming languages make use of indentation to define program structure .Programmers use indentation to understand the structure of their programs to human readers. Especially, indentation is the better way to represent the relationship between control flow constructs such as selection statements or loops and code contained within and outside them. This paper describes about different indentation styles used in Programming and also describes context of each indentation style. It also describes indentation styles used for various programming constructs and the best practice for a particular programming construct. This paper helps the beginners to understand various indentation styles used in programming and also to choose suitable indentation style.
Ultra-compact modulators based on novel CMOS-compatible plasmonic materials
Creators: name: Babicheva, Viktoriia E.
name: Kinsey, Nathaniel
name: Naik, Gururaj V.
name: Lavrinenko, Andrei V.
name: Shalaev, Vladimir M.
name: Boltasseva, Alexandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose several planar layouts of ultra-compact plasmonic waveguide modulators that utilize alternative CMOS-compatible materials. The modulation is efficiently achieved by tuning the carrier concentration in a transparent conducting oxide layer, thereby tuning the waveguide either in plasmonic resonance or off-resonance. Resonance significantly increases the absorption coefficient of the plasmonic waveguide, which enables larger modulation depth. We show that an extinction ratio of 86 dB/um can be achieved, allowing for a 3-dB modulation depth in less than one micron at the telecommunication wavelength. Our multilayer structures can potentially be integrated with existing plasmonic and photonic waveguides as well as novel semiconductor-based hybrid photonic/electronic circuits.
title: Development of a bespoke sensory surface to combat biofouling in the maritime sector
Creators: name: Moejes, K
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2022

description: Biofouling is defined as the colonisation process of a solid surface (living or dead) by sessile organisms that poses a significant global industrial problem with increased drag, fuel consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and introduction of non-native species. Current biofouling management processes such as visual inspections, regulations, antifouling coatings, in-water cleaning, grooming, and dry-docking are included. Currently there is no in situ detection method available to recognise biofouling in real-time. One of the problem biofouling species is the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, and was therefore chosen as the model organism in this study. The overall aim of the study was to develop a bespoke sensory surface to monitor in situ biofouling in real-time and demonstrating its use synergistically with a novel non-toxic antifouling technology, laser microtexturing. M. edulis were exposed to test surfaces and were compared to controls. Materials tested were PVC, Nylon 6, Silicone and PTFE with varying relative permittivities and surface energies. The sensor used was of the planar electromagnetic interdigitated electrode type. Frequency operating range on the VNA was from 10 MHz to 15 GHz, key frequencies were identified for M. edulis byssal plaque detection on the surface. Microtopographies were developed with a nanosecond pulsed fibre laser on stainless steel. Microtopographies were transferred to Silicone and antifouling and foul-release efficacy was assessed (byssal plaque area, total number of byssal plaques, adhesion strength). The presence of the microtopography demonstrated an increased plaque area with a reduced adhesion strength. The combination of sensory surface with microtopography and silicone, as an antifouling mechanism, demonstrated the detection of M. edulis in situ and in real-time. The synergistic interaction of the sensor’s EMW with the hydrophobic foul-release silicone surface and antifouling microtopography demonstrated detection of M. edulis byssal plaques as well as the specimen itself while reducing the incidence of mussel settlement overall.
A spherically-symmetric charged-dS solution in f(T) gravity theories
Creators: name: Nashed, Gamal G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A tetrad field with spherical symmetry is applied to the charged field equations of $f(T)$ gravity theory. A special spherically-symmetric charged-dS solution is obtained. The scalar torsion of this solution is a vanishing quantity. The spacetime of the derived solution is rewritten as a multiplication of three matrices: The first matrix is a special case of Euler$'$s angle "so(3)", the second matrix represents a boost transformation, while the third matrix is the square root of the spherically-symmetric charged-dS metric. It is shown that the boost matrix is important because it plays an essential role in adjusting the spacetime to become a solution for $f(T)$ theory.
description: 11 pages, accepted for publication in PRD
Are state minimum jail laws associated with less frequent drunk-driving?
Creators: name: Zamba, Patrick T.
name: Rossheim, Matthew E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The current study investigated associations between minimum jail sentences included in state DUI laws and self-reported drunk-driving in the US. Scant existing research has been conducted on this topic. The current study is the first to use Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data to investigate associations between minimum jail sentences and frequency of self-reported drunk-driving among adults who report drunk-driving. 2020 BRFSS data were used. Analyses were limited to participants aged 18 years and older who reported at least one episode of drunk-driving during the past 30-days. Participants missing data on age, gender, race, income, binge-drinking, or state of residence were excluded from analyses. The final sample size was 3,732. Websites from official state legislatures and/or data from state motor vehicle departments were used to gather current information on DUI minimum jail penalties. A dichotomous variable was created that categorized all 50 states and Washington D.C. as either (i) having a minimum jail sentence for first time DUI offense or (ii) having no minimum jail sentence for first time DUI offense. Multivariable negative binomial regression analyses were conducted using SAS® v9.4. The dependent variable was the number of self-reported drunk-driving episodes. Among the sample of adults who reported drunk-driving, residents of states with no minimum jail sentence for a first-time DUI offense had a 32% higher incidence rate of drunk-driving episodes [RR = 1.32,95% CI:0.98–1.77] compared to their counterparts residing in states with a minimum jail sentence for first time DUI offenses. Similar findings were observed in multiple sensitivity analyses conducted. There was a marginally significant [p = 0.07] higher incidence rate of drunk-driving episodes among residents of states with no minimum jail sentence compared to those in states with a minimum jail sentence for the first time DUI. This was the first study to use BRFSS 2020 data to investigate this association and only among participants who self-reported drunk-driving. We therefore provide an important contribution to the literature on this association by using the most up to date data and among a valid sample of drunk drivers. Further studies that provide stronger causal inference are needed.
A New Electric Field in Asymmetric Magnetic Reconnection
Creators: name: Malakit, Kittipat
name: Shay, Michael A.
name: Cassak, Paul A.
name: Ruffolo, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory and numerical evidence for the existence of a previously unexplored in-plane electric field in collisionless asymmetric magnetic reconnection. This electric field, dubbed the "Larmor electric field," is associated with finite Larmor radius effects and is distinct from the known Hall electric field. Potentially, it could be an important indicator for the upcoming Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission to locate reconnection sites as we expect it to appear on the magnetospheric side, pointing Earthward, at the dayside magnetopause reconnection site.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Physical Review Letters
Beer fermentation performance and sugar uptake of Saccharomycopsis fibuligera–A novel option for low-alcohol beer
Creators: name: Methner, Yvonne
name: Magalhães, Frederico
name: Raihofer, Luis
name: Zarnkow, Martin
name: Jacob, Fritz
name: Hutzler, Mathias
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
subject: Saccharomycopsis fibuligera
subject: non-Saccharomyces yeasts
subject: fermentation
subject: brewing
subject: low-alcohol beer
subject: sugar uptake
subject: micromanipulation
subject: flavor

description: There is a growing trend for beers with novel flavor profiles, as consumers demand a more diversified product range. Such beers can be produced by using non-Saccharomyces yeasts. The yeast species Saccharomycopsis fibuligera is known to produce exceptionally pleasant plum and berry flavors during brewer’s wort fermentation while its mycelia growth is most likely a technological challenge in industrial-scale brewing. To better understand and optimize the physiological properties of this yeast species during the brewing process, maltose and maltotriose uptake activity trials were performed. These revealed the existence of active transmembrane transporters for maltose in addition to the known extracellular amylase system. Furthermore, a single cell isolate of S. fibuligera was cultured, which showed significantly less mycelial growth during propagation and fermentation compared to the mother culture and would therefore be much more suitable for application on an industrial scale due to its better flocculation and clarification properties. Genetic differences between the two cultures could not be detected in a (GTG)5 rep-PCR fingerprint and there was hardly any difference in the fermentation process, sugar utilization and flavor profiles of the beers. Accordingly, the characteristic plum and berry flavor could also be perceived by using the culture from the single cell isolate, which was complemented by a dried fruit flavor. A fermentation temperature of 20°C at an original gravity of 10 °P proved to be optimal for producing a low-alcohol beer at around 0.8% (v/v) by applying the S. fibuligera yeast culture from the single cell isolate.
Estimation of the Optimal Spherical Harmonics Order for the Interpolation of Head-Related Transfer Functions Sampled on Sparse Irregular Grids
Creators: name: Bau, David
name: Arend, Johannes M.
name: Pörschmann, Christoph
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik
subject: HRTF
subject: head-related transfer function
subject: spherical harmonics
subject: interpolation
subject: spatial audio
subject: irregular sampling
subject: individual HRTFs

description: Conventional individual head-related transfer function (HRTF) measurements are demanding in terms of measurement time and equipment. For more flexibility, free body movement (FBM) measurement systems provide an easy-to-use way to measure full-spherical HRTF datasets with less effort. However, having no fixed measurement installation implies that the HRTFs are not sampled on a predefined regular grid but rely on the individual movements of the subject. Furthermore, depending on the measurement effort, a rather small number of measurements can be expected, ranging, for example, from 50 to 150 sampling points. Spherical harmonics (SH) interpolation has been extensively studied recently as one method to obtain full-spherical datasets from such sparse measurements, but previous studies primarily focused on regular full-spherical sampling grids. For irregular grids, it remains unclear up to which spatial order meaningful SH coefficients can be calculated and how the resulting interpolation error compares to regular grids. This study investigates SH interpolation of selected irregular grids obtained from HRTF measurements with an FBM system. Intending to derive general constraints for SH interpolation of irregular grids, the study analyzes how the variation of the SH order affects the interpolation results. Moreover, the study demonstrates the importance of Tikhonov regularization for SH interpolation, which is popular for solving ill-posed numerical problems associated with such irregular grids. As a key result, the study shows that the optimal SH order that minimizes the interpolation error depends mainly on the grid and the regularization strength but is almost independent of the selected HRTF set. Based on these results, the study proposes to determine the optimal SH order by minimizing the interpolation error of a reference HRTF set sampled on the sparse and irregular FBM grid. Finally, the study verifies the proposed method for estimating the optimal SH order by comparing interpolation results of irregular and equivalent regular grids, showing that the differences are small when the SH interpolation is optimally parameterized.
Physical Nature and Timing Variations of the Eclipsing System V407 Pegasi
Creators: name: Lee, Jae Woo
name: Park, Jang-Ho
name: Hong, Kyeongsoo
name: Kim, Seung-Lee
name: Lee, Chung-Uk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New multiband CCD photometry is presented for V407 Peg; the $R_{\rm C}$ light curves are the first ever compiled. Our light curves, displaying a flat bottom at secondary minimum and an O'Connell effect, were simultaneously analyzed with the radial-velocity (RV) curves given by Rucinski et al. (2008). The light changes of the system are best modeled by using both a hot spot on the secondary star and a third light. The model represents historical light curves also. All available minimum epochs, including our six timing measurements, have been examined and indicate that the eclipse timing variation is mainly caused by light asymmetries due to the spot activity detected in the light-curve synthesis. The hot spot may be produced as a result of the impact of the gas stream from the primary star. Our light and velocity solutions indicate that V407 Peg is a totally-eclipsing A-type overcontact binary with values of $q$=0.251, $i$=87$^\circ.6$, $ΔT$=496 K, $f$=61 $\%$, and $l_3$=11$\sim$16 $\%$. Individual masses and radii of both components are determined to be $M_1$=1.72 M$_\odot$, $M_2$=0.43 M$_\odot$, $R_1$=2.15 R$_\odot$, and $R_2$=1.21 R$_\odot$. These results are very different from previous ones, which is probably caused by the light curves with distorted and inclined eclipses used in those other analyses. The facts that there are no objects optically related with the system and that the seasonal RVs show a large discrepancy in systemic velocity indicate that the third light source most likely arises from a tertiary component orbiting the eclipsing pair.
description: 18 pages, including 5 figures and 6 tables, accepted for publication in AJ
Large Linear Magnetoresistance and Shubnikov-de Hass Oscillations in Single Crystals of YPdBi Heusler Topological Insulators
Creators: name: Wang, Wenhong
name: Du, Yin
name: Xu, Guizhou
name: Zhang, Xiaoming
name: Liu, Enke
name: Liu, Zhongyuan
name: Shi, Youguo
name: Chen, Jinglan
name: Wu, Guangheng
name: Zhang, Xixiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of a large linear magnetoresistance (MR) and Shubnikov-de Hass (SdH) quantum oscillations in single crystals of YPdBi Heusler topological insulators. Owning to the successfully obtained the high-quality YPdBi single crystals, large non-saturating linear MR of as high as 350% at 5K and over 120% at 300 K under a moderate magnetic field of 7 T is observed. In addition to the large, field-linear MR, the samples exhibit pronounced SdH quantum oscillations at low temperature. Analysis of the SdH data manifests that the high-mobility bulk electron carriers dominate the magnetotransport and are responsible for the observed large linear MR in YPdBi crystals. These findings imply that the Heusler-based topological insulators have superiorities for investigating the novel quantum transport properties and developing the potential applications.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures, 1 supplementary file, submitted for publication
Child safety restraint patterns in Moldova
Creators: name: Cazacu-Stratu, Angela
name: Varga, Nane-Katharina
name: Cociu, Svetlana
name: Dulf, Diana
name: Peek-Asa, Corinne
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: The Republic of Moldova has one of the European region’s highest road traffic injury rates and also has an increase in motorization and exposure of children as vehicle passengers. This study describes child restraint use, and parents’ knowledge and attitudes toward child restraint based on observations in Chisinau, the country’s capital and largest city. The study aims to describe the use of child restraints and to compare data with existing standards of good practice. An observational study on child safety restraint use was conducted in 2018. Observational sites included 22 early education institutions, where drivers (n = 611) and child passengers (n = 710) were observed. Observations were conducted as motor vehicles parked or pulled to a stop near the early education institutions and included a driver survey on knowledge and attitudes toward restraint legislation and child safety behavior. Of the 710 child passengers observed, 462 (65.1%) were appropriately restrained, 145 (20.4%) were seated in restraints inappropriate for the child and 103 (14.5%) of children were unrestrained. Younger children (0-3 year-old) were 7 times more likely to be properly restrained compared with children with ages between 4 and 6 (OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.15 to 3.22). Two-thirds out of 609 observed drivers with full study data, N = 431 (70,8%), knew about the mandatory legislation on using child safety restraints in the Republic of Moldova. The drivers using child safety restraints responded that they used them because of their safety features, and the major reason for nonuse was high price/affordability. This study, the first to document child safety restraint use among children, indicates that much progress has been made, in that the majority of children are restrained and most drivers of children are aware of safety policies. However, progress can be made to increase knowledge and motivation to safely transport children, and to ensure safety seats are affordable and available. These data will be an important foundation on which to advocate for increased safety activities, child restraint policies, educational approaches in Moldova and to monitor progress over time.
The UV-bright, Slowly Declining Transient PS1-11af as a Partial Tidal Disruption Event
Creators: name: Chornock, R.
name: Berger, E.
name: Gezari, S.
name: Zauderer, B. A.
name: Rest, A.
name: Chomiuk, L.
name: Kamble, A.
name: Soderberg, A. M.
name: Czekala, I.
name: Dittmann, J.
name: Drout, M.
name: Foley, R. J.
name: Fong, W.
name: Huber, M. E.
name: Kirshner, R. P.
name: Lawrence, A.
name: Lunnan, R.
name: Marion, G. H.
name: Narayan, G.
name: Riess, A. G.
name: Roth, K. C.
name: Sanders, N. E.
name: Scolnic, D.
name: Smartt, S. J.
name: Smith, K.
name: Stubbs, C. W.
name: Tonry, J. L.
name: Burgett, W. S.
name: Chambers, K. C.
name: Flewelling, H.
name: Hodapp, K. W.
name: Kaiser, N.
name: Magnier, E. A.
name: Martin, D. C.
name: Neill, J. D.
name: Price, P. A.
name: Wainscoat, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Pan-STARRS1 discovery of the long-lived and blue transient PS1-11af, which was also detected by GALEX with coordinated observations in the near-ultraviolet (NUV) band. PS1-11af is associated with the nucleus of an early-type galaxy at redshift z=0.4046 that exhibits no evidence for star formation or AGN activity. Four epochs of spectroscopy reveal a pair of transient broad absorption features in the UV on otherwise featureless spectra. Despite the superficial similarity of these features to P-Cygni absorptions of supernovae (SNe), we conclude that PS1-11af is not consistent with the properties of known types of SNe. Blackbody fits to the spectral energy distribution are inconsistent with the cooling, expanding ejecta of a SN, and the velocities of the absorption features are too high to represent material in homologous expansion near a SN photosphere. However, the constant blue colors and slow evolution of the luminosity are similar to previous optically-selected tidal disruption events (TDEs). The shape of the optical light curve is consistent with models for TDEs, but the minimum accreted mass necessary to power the observed luminosity is only ~0.002M_sun, which points to a partial disruption model. A full disruption model predicts higher bolometric luminosities, which would require most of the radiation to be emitted in a separate component at high energies where we lack observations. In addition, the observed temperature is lower than that predicted by pure accretion disk models for TDEs and requires reprocessing to a constant, lower temperature. Three deep non-detections in the radio with the VLA over the first two years after the event set strict limits on the production of any relativistic outflow comparable to Swift J1644+57, even if off-axis.
description: submitted to ApJ, 22 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables
The Formation of Jupiter, the Jovian Early Bombardment and the Delivery of Water to the Asteroid Belt: The Case of (4) Vesta
Creators: name: Turrini, Diego
name: Svetsov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The asteroid (4) Vesta, parent body of the Howardite-Eucrite-Diogenite meteorites, is one of the first bodies that formed, mostly from volatile-depleted material, in the Solar System. The Dawn mission recently provided evidence that hydrated material was delivered to Vesta, possibly in a continuous way, over the last 4 Ga, while the study of the eucritic meteorites revealed a few samples that crystallized in presence of water and volatile elements. The formation of Jupiter and probably its migration occurred in the period when eucrites crystallized, and triggered a phase of bombardment that caused icy planetesimals to cross the asteroid belt. In this work, we study the flux of icy planetesimals on Vesta during the Jovian Early Bombardment and, using hydrodynamic simulations, the outcome of their collisions with the asteroid. We explore how the migration of the giant planet would affect the delivery of water and volatile materials to the asteroid and we discuss our results in the context of the geophysical and collisional evolution of Vesta. In particular, we argue that the observational data are best reproduced if the bulk of the impactors was represented by 1-2 km wide planetesimals and if Jupiter underwent a limited (a fraction of au) displacement.
description: 31 pages, 11 figures, and 3 tables. Published in the special issue "Planet Formation and the Rise of Life" on the journal Life. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1309.1398
title: Um die Zukunft der Waisen des auf so beklagenswerthe Art seinem Berufe entrissenen Abgeordneten v. Auserwald sicher zu stellen, ist von einem Vereine ehrenwerter Männer seines Wahlkreises eine National-Unterzeichnung eingeleitet worden. ...; 1848
title: Frankfurt a. M. den 3. Dezember 1848
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Ohne Titel
A functional analytic approach for a singularly perturbed Dirichlet problem for the Laplace operator in a periodically perforated domain
Creators: name: Musolino, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a sufficiently regular bounded open connected subset $Ω$ of $\mathbb{R}^n$ such that $0 \in Ω$ and such that $\mathbb{R}^n \setminus \clΩ$ is connected. Then we choose a point $w \in ]0,1[^n$. If $ε$ is a small positive real number, then we define the periodically perforated domain $T(ε) \equiv \mathbb{R}^n\setminus \cup_{z \in \mathbb{Z}^n}\cl(w+εΩ+z)$. For each small positive $ε$, we introduce a particular Dirichlet problem for the Laplace operator in the set $T(ε)$. More precisely, we consider a Dirichlet condition on the boundary of the set $w+εΩ$, and we denote the unique periodic solution of this problem by $u[ε]$. Then we show that (suitable restrictions of) $u[ε]$ can be continued real analytically in the parameter $ε$ around $ε=0$.
Observational constraints on dual intermediate inflation
Creators: name: Barrow, John D.
name: Lagos, Macarena
name: Magueijo, João
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the observational implications of models of intermediate inflation driven by modified dispersion relations, specifically those representing the phenomenon of dimensional reduction in the ultraviolet limit. These models are distinct from the standard ones because they do not require violations of the strong energy condition, and this is reflected in their structure formation properties. We find that they can naturally accommodate deviations from exact scale-invariance. They also make clear predictions for the running of the spectral index and tensor modes, rendering the models straightforwardly falsifiable. We discuss the observational prospects for these models and the implications these may have for quantum gravity scenarios.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Fourth generation Majorana neutrino, dark matter and Higgs physics
Creators: name: Bao, Shou-Shan
name: Gong, Xue
name: Si, Zong-Guo
name: Zhou, Yu-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider extensions of the standard model with fourth generation fermions (SM4) in which extra symmetries are introduced such that the transitions between the fourth generation fermions and the ones in the first three generations are forbidden. In these models, the stringent lower bounds on the masses of fourth generation quarks from direct searches are relaxed, and the lightest fourth neutrino is allowed to be stable and light enough to trigger the Higgs boson invisible decay. In addition, the fourth Majorana neutrino can be a subdominant but highly detectable dark matter component. We perform a global analysis of the current LHC data on the Higgs production and decay in this type of SM4. The results show that the mass of the lightest fourth Majorana neutrino is confined in the range $\sim 41-59$ GeV. Within the allowed parameter space, the predicted effective cross-section for spin-independent DM-nucleus scattering is $\sim 3\times 10^{-48}-6\times 10^{-46} \text{cm}^{2}$, which is close to the current Xenon100 upper limit and is within the reach of the Xenon1T experiment in the near future. The predicted spin-dependent cross sections can also reach $\sim 8\times 10^{-40}\text{cm}^{2}$.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1110.2930
Temporal Graph Representation Learning with Adaptive Augmentation Contrastive
Creators: name: Chen, Hongjiang
name: Jiao, Pengfei
name: Tang, Huijun
name: Wu, Huaming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Temporal graph representation learning aims to generate low-dimensional dynamic node embeddings to capture temporal information as well as structural and property information. Current representation learning methods for temporal networks often focus on capturing fine-grained information, which may lead to the model capturing random noise instead of essential semantic information. While graph contrastive learning has shown promise in dealing with noise, it only applies to static graphs or snapshots and may not be suitable for handling time-dependent noise. To alleviate the above challenge, we propose a novel Temporal Graph representation learning with Adaptive augmentation Contrastive (TGAC) model. The adaptive augmentation on the temporal graph is made by combining prior knowledge with temporal information, and the contrastive objective function is constructed by defining the augmented inter-view contrast and intra-view contrast. To complement TGAC, we propose three adaptive augmentation strategies that modify topological features to reduce noise from the network. Our extensive experiments on various real networks demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms other temporal graph representation learning methods.
Planck-scale dimensional reduction without a preferred frame
Creators: name: Amelino-Camelia, Giovanni
name: Arzano, Michele
name: Gubitosi, Giulia
name: Magueijo, Joao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several approaches to quantum gravity suggest that the standard description of spacetime as probed at low-energy, with four dimensions, is replaced in the Planckian regime by a spacetime with a spectral dimension of two. The implications for relativistic symmetries can be momentous, and indeed the most tangible picture for "running" of the spectral dimension, found within Horava-Lifschitz gravity, requires the breakdown of relativity of inertial frames. In this Letter we incorporate running spectral dimensions in a scenario that does not require the emergence of a preferred frame. We consider the best studied mechanism for deforming relativistic symmetries whilst preserving the relativity of inertial frames, based on a momentum space with curvature at the Planck scale. We show explicitly how running of the spectral dimension can be derived from these models.
World robot challenge 2020 – partner robot: a data-driven approach for room tidying with mobile manipulator
Creators: name: Matsushima, Tatsuya
name: Noguchi, Yuki
name: Arima, Jumpei
name: Aoki, Toshiki
name: Okita, Yuki
name: Ikeda, Yuya
name: Ishimoto, Koki
name: Taniguchi, Shohei
name: Yamashita, Yuki
name: Seto, Shoichi
name: Gu, Shixiang Shane
name: Iwasawa, Yusuke
name: Matsuo, Yutaka
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Tidying up a household environment using a mobile manipulator poses various challenges in robotics, such as adaptation to large real-world environmental variations, and safe and robust deployment in the presence of humans. The Partner Robot Challenge in World Robot Challenge (WRC) 2020, a global competition held in September 2021, benchmarked tidying tasks in real home environments, and, importantly, tested for full system performances. For this challenge, we developed an entire household service robot system, which leverages a data-driven approach to adapt to numerous edge cases that occur during the execution, instead of classical manual pre-programmed solutions. In this paper, we describe the core ingredients of the proposed robot system, including visual recognition, object manipulation, and motion planning. Our robot system won the second prize, verifying the effectiveness and potential of data-driven robot systems for mobile manipulation in home environments.
Lectures on DNA Codes
Creators: name: Dyachkov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: For $q$-ary $n$-sequences, we develop the concept of similarity functions that can be used (for $q=4$) to model a thermodynamic similarity on DNA sequences. A similarity function is identified by the length of a longest common subsequence between two $q$-ary $n$-sequences. Codes based on similarity functions are called DNA codes. DNA codes are important components in biomolecular computing and other biotechnical applications that employ DNA hybridization assays. The main aim of the given lecture notes -- to discuss lower bounds on the rate of optimal DNA codes for a biologically motivated similarity function called a block similarity and for the conventional deletion similarity function used in the theory of error-correcting codes. We also present constructions of suboptimal DNA codes based on the parity-check code detecting one error in the Hamming metric.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures
Phase diagram of microcavity polariton condensates with a harmonic potential trap
Creators: name: Chen, Ting-Wei
name: Wei, Min g-Dar
name: Cheng, Szu-Cheng
name: Hsieh, Wen-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically explore the phase transition in inhomogeneous exciton-polariton condensates with variable pumping conditions. Through Bogoliubov excitations to the radial-symmetric solutions of complex Gross-Pitaevskii equation, we determine not only the bifurcation of stable and unstable modes by the sign of fluid compressibility but also two distinct stable modes which are characterized by the elementary excitations and the stability of singly quantized vortex. One state is the quasi-condensate BKT phase with Goldstone flat dispersion; the other state is the localized-BEC phase which exhibits linear-type dispersion and has an excitation energy gap at zero momentum.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Fractionalization of Interstitials in Curved Colloidal Crystals
Creators: name: Irvine, William T. M.
name: Bowick, Mark J.
name: Chaikin, Paul M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the out-of equilibrium behaviour of point defects in crystals, yields insights into the nature and fragility of the ordered state, as well as being of great practical importance. In some rare cases defects are spontaneously healed - a one-dimensional crystal formed by a line of identical charged particles, for example, can accommodate an interstitial (extra particle) by a re-adjusting all particle positions to even out the spacing. In sharp contrast, particles organized into a perfect hexagonal crystal in the plane cannot accommodate an interstitial by a simple re-adjustment of the particle spacing - the interstitial remains instead trapped between lattice sites and diffuses by hopping, leaving the crystal permanently defected. Here we report on the behavior of interstitials in colloidal crystals on curved surfaces. Using optical tweezers operated independently of three dimensional imaging, we insert a colloidal interstitial in a lattice of similar particles on flat and curved (positively and negatively) oil-glycerol interfaces and image the ensuing dynamics. We find that, unlike in flat space, the curved crystals self-heal through a collective rearrangement that re-distributes the increased density associated with the interstitial. The self-healing process can be interpreted in terms of an out of equilibrium interaction of topological defects with each other and with the underlying curvature. Our observations suggest the existence of "particle fractionalization" on curved surface crystals.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Can you see me? : black trans women and femmes experiences in higher education
Creators: name: Jones, Alden Carter
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Transgender
Higher education
Black transgender women and femmes

description: While social attitudes towards trans* people may be improving in some instances (Schilt & Westbrook, 2009), in others continued structural and social barriers remain in place that ultimately limit life chances for trans* people in general (Schilt & Westbrook, 2009; Spade, 2011). There are a great many topics and characteristics to consider when investigating equity and social justice for trans*gender people on college and university campuses. Though the research into trans*gender college contexts is in its emergent stage, a flurry of recent academic work is being produced on the topic (Beemyn & Rankin, 2011; Jourian, 2015; Nicolazzo, 2016a; Renn, 2010).The lack of sustained attention on trans*gender women of color is a noticeable feature of the current state of higher education research. This study is primarily concerned with noting the absence of Black trans*gender women in the higher education body of literature and explicating the need to attend to this crucial gap.