cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Naturverbundenheit als „Option des Guten Lebens“
Creators: name: Igl, Jana
Publisher: name: Technical University of Munich
Year: 2022

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, ob eine moralische Verpflichtung besteht, Menschen ein naturverbundenes Leben zu ermöglichen. Inwiefern eine solche Pflicht durch eine von Uta Eser entwickelte Argumentation auf Grundlage des Fähigkeiten-Ansatzes Martha Nussbaums plausibel begründet werden kann und welchen Einwänden die Argumentation begegnen können muss, wurde mittels philosophischer Argumentanalyse untersucht. Dabei ist die Klärung des zentralen Begriffs der ‚Naturverbundenheit als Option des Guten Lebens‘ sowie die dem Fähigkeiten-Ansatz zugrunde liegende aristotelische Ethik wesentlich.
Als Ergebnis ist festzuhalten, dass der moralische Anspruch auf die volle Entfaltung von Naturverbundenheit allein daraus begründet werden kann, dass sie eine grundmenschliche Fähigkeit ist, deren Verwirklichung zu einem erfüllenden Leben beiträgt. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass es eine Frage der Gerechtigkeit und des politischen Handelns ist, diejenigen Lebensumstände herzustellen, in denen Menschen die Entscheidung für ein Leben im Einklang mit der Natur möglich ist. Die in bedeutungsvollen Mensch-Natur-Beziehungen enthaltenen relationalen Werte sind dabei eine sinnvolle Ergänzung der vormals dichotomen Einteilung in instrumentelle und intrinsische Werten und können einen gleichberechtigten Austausch zwischen den verschiedenen Wertauffassungen erlauben.
Analyses économiques de la biodiversité: évaluation des enjeux et modélisation des politiques
Creators: name: Figuieres, Charles
name: Lifran, Robert
name: Salles, Jean-Michel
name: Thoyer, Sophie
name: Figuieres, Charles
name: Lifran, Robert
name: Salles, Jean-Michel
name: Thoyer, Sophie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Faut-il s’inquiéter de l’érosion de la biodiversité ? Que peut-on y faire ? Un ensemble de travaux menés au sein de l’UMR LAMETA présentent la biodiversité comme une notion singulièrement complexe, dont la valeur ne se révèle correctement sur aucun marché. Les estimations partielles qu’on peut en faire par d’autres moyens montrent néanmoins son importance, mais sa protection n’est pas chose aisée. Parce que la biodiversité concerne largement des domaines privés, et aussi des Etats souverains pour lesquels la protection de la nature n’est pas (encore) une priorité, les approches règlementaires sont d’un secours limité. Il faut s’efforcer de mieux comprendre les forces sociales qui compromettent la biodiversité, et utiliser ces mêmes forces pour la préserver.
Sexual dimorphism and ecomorphology of the Berthold’s bush anole (Polychrus gutturosus) in Costa Rica
Creators: name: D. Barquero, Marco
name: Arguedas, Viviana
name: Ovares, Lizbeth
name: Vargas, Rodolfo
name: Arguedas, Randall
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: Morphological variation present within a species is the result of sexual or natural selection and determines the ecological relationships (i.e., ecomorphology) and the degree of sexual dimorphism. For most lizard species, either males or females are the larger sex, suggesting that selection operates differently on each sex. Thus, differences in morphology can determine the habitat use made by males and females. Here we use the Berthold’s bush anole (Polychrus gutturosus), a rare arboreal, diurnal lizard, to examine whether morphological and ecological measures differ among sexes and whether such potential differences emerge as a result of resource partitioning. We measured the morphology of wild individuals from one population and from preserved specimens collected in Costa Rica. We collected data on nine morphological measurements, nocturnal body and air temperatures, and sleeping perch height. We measured 45 wild individuals (22 males and 23 females) and 17 preserved specimens (6 males and 11 females). We found a female-biased body size, and male-biased tail length, head dimensions, and limb lengths. We also observed differences between males and females in body color and the size and shape of femoral pores, although these differences require quantification. We did not find sex differences in sleeping perch height or nocturnal body temperature. Our results demonstrate that resource partitioning does not explain differences among sexes, and that female-biased body size in P. gutturosus might reflect selection operating on increased fecundity.
Biodiversité et enjeux internationaux: une question d’accès
Creators: name: Trommetter, Michel
name: Trommetter, Michel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Gérer la biodiversité nécessite d’analyser les relations complexes dans les conditions d’accès aux écosystèmes et aux ressources dont les ressources génétiques. La définition des droits de propriété est alors essentielle. Ces droits concerneront les écosystèmes, les ressources et également les innovations biotechnologiques. Nous verrons, par exemple, que la gestion de la biodiversité sera liée aux conditions d’accès et de rémunération de services qui tendent de plus en plus à se développer, et aux conditions d’accès aux ressources génétiques qui seront d’autant plus aisées que les PVD auront un accès facilité aux innovations.
Circ_0067835 acts as an oncogenic factor in colorectal cancer by increasing MAPK1 expression via sponging miR-873-5p
Creators: name: Li, Shouchao
name: Sun, Feifei
Publisher: name: Journal of Biological Research - Thessaloniki
Year: 2022
Subjects: CRC; circ_0067835; miR-873-5p; MAPK1; PI3K/AKT pathway

description: Many circular RNAs (circRNAs) were recognized to affect the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). Herein, we investigated the functions and mechanisms of circ_0067835 in CRC progression. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay was performed to examine the expression of circ_0067835, microRNA-873-5p (miR-873-5p) and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 (MAPK1). Cell counting kit (CCK)-8 assay and colony formation assay were used to assess cell proliferation, and flow cytometry was conducted to monitor cell apoptosis. Transwell assay was applied to detect cell migration and invasion. Western blot assay was implemented to determine the protein levels of MAPK1 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) pathway-related proteins. Interaction between miR-873-5p and circ_0067835 or MAPK1 was validated by dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. Moreover, the role of circ_0067835 in vivo was evaluated via xenograft model assay. Circ_0067835 and MAPK1 were highly expressed in CRC tissues and cells, while miR-873-5p expression was downregulated. Depletion of circ_0067835 suppressed cell viability, clonogenicity, migration, invasion, survival, and the activity of PI3K/AKT pathway in CRC cells, while these effects were reversed by miR-873-5p inhibition. Circ_0067835 was mainly located at the cytoplasm, and it could sponge miR-873-5p. MiR-873-5p targeted MAPK1 to hamper cell proliferation and metastasis, and inactivated PI3K/AKT pathway. Additionally, circ_0067835 deficiency exerted an inhibitory effect on tumor growth in vivo. Circ_0067835 played an oncogenic role in CRC development through the miR-873-5p-MAPK1-PI3K/AKT pathway, offering a possible molecular strategy for CRC therapy.
description: Journal of Biological Research - Thessaloniki, Vol 29 (2022)
Self-consistent method to extract non-linearities from pulsating stars light curves I. Combination frequencies
Creators: name: Lares-Martiz, M.
name: Garrido, R.
name: Pascual-Granado, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combination frequencies are not solutions of the perturbed stellar structure equations. In dense power spectra from a light curve of a given multi-periodic pulsating star, they can compromise the mode identification in an asteroseismic analysis, hence they must be treated as spurious frequencies and conveniently removed. In this paper, a method based on fitting the set of frequencies that best describe a general non-linear model, like the Volterra series, is presented. The method allows to extract these frequencies from the power spectrum, so helping to improve the frequency analysis enabling hidden frequencies to emerge from the initially considered as noise. Moreover, the method yields frequencies with uncertainties several orders of magnitude smaller than the Rayleigh dispersion, usually taken as the present error in a standard frequency analysis. Furthermore, it is compatible with the classical counting cycles method, the so-called O-C method, which is valid only for mono-periodic stars. The method opens the possibility to characterise the non-linear behaviour of a given pulsating star by studying in detail the complex generalised transfer functions.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to MNRAS
Scale sensitive deconvolution of interferometric images I. Adaptive Scale Pixel (Asp) decomposition
Creators: name: Bhatnagar, S.
name: Cornwell, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deconvolution of the telescope Point Spread Function (PSF) is necessary for even moderate dynamic range imaging with interferometric telescopes. The process of deconvolution can be treated as a search for a model image such that the residual image is consistent with the noise model. For any search algorithm, a parameterized function representing the model such that it fundamentally separates signal from noise will give optimal results. In this paper, the first in a series of forthcoming papers, we argue that in general, spatial correlation length (a measure of the scale of emission) is a stronger separator of the signal from the noise, compared to the strength of the signal alone. Consequently scale sensitive deconvolution algorithms result into more noise-like residuals. We present a scale-sensitive deconvolution algorithm for radio interferometric images, which models the image as a collection of Adaptive Scale Pixels (Asp). Some attempts at optimizing the runtime performance are also presented.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Run-and-Tumble particle in inhomogeneous media in one dimension
Creators: name: Singh, Prashant
name: Sabhapandit, Sanjib
name: Kundu, Anupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the run and tumble particle (RTP), also known as persistent Brownian motion, in one dimension. A telegraphic noise $σ(t)$ drives the particle which changes between $\pm 1$ values with some rates. Denoting the rate of flip from $1$ to $-1$ as $R_1$ and the converse rate as $R_2$, we consider the position and direction dependent rates of the form $R_1(x)=\left(\frac{\mid x \mid}{l}\right) ^α\left[γ_1~θ(x)+γ_2 ~θ(-x)\right]$ and $R_2(x)=\left(\frac{\mid x \mid}{l}\right) ^α\left[γ_2~θ(x)+γ_1 ~θ(-x)\right]$ with $α\geq 0$. For $γ_1 >γ_2$, we find that the particle exhibits a steady-state probability distriution even in an infinite line whose exact form depends on $α$. For $α=0$ and $1$, we solve the master equations exactly for arbitrary $γ_1$ and $γ_2$ at large $t$. From our explicit expression for time-dependent probability distribution $P(x,t)$ we find that it exponentially relaxes to the steady-state distribution for $γ_1 > γ_2$. On the other hand, for $γ_1γ_2$ case is exponential which we numerically demonstrate....
description: 44 pages, 32 figures
Anomalous Diffusion in View of Einstein's 1905 Theory of Brownian Motion
Creators: name: Abe, Sumiyoshi
name: Thurner, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein's theory of Brownian motion is revisited in order to formulate generalized kinetic theory of anomalous diffusion. It is shown that if the assumptions of analyticity and the existence of the second moment of the displacement distribution are relaxed, the fractional derivative naturally appears in the diffusion equation. This is the first demonstration of the physical origin of the fractional derivative, in marked contrast to the usual phenomenological introduction of it. Furthermore, Einstein's approach is generalized to nonlinear kinetic theory to derive the porous-medium-type equation by the appropriate use of the escort distribution.
description: 7 pages, no figures
Olfactory receptor neurons persist during extensive remodeling of the olfactory bulb following NMDA-induced excitotoxicity
Creators: name: Fung, France W.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The olfactory epithelium and bulb are thought to contain neurons that are interdependent for survival, similar to other parts of the developing and mature nervous system, yet both sites have demonstrated distinct cellular plasticity in a variety of lesion models. Here, we have used NMDA-mediated excitotoxicity to specifically remove NMDAR-bearing neurons in the intact olfactory bulb. Here, we show that NMDA infusion induces a wave of apoptosis in multiple neuronal subtypes throughout the mouse olfactory bulb. This is followed by astrogliosis and cavity formation (characteristic of CNS lesion), and extensive rearrangement of both neuronal and glial cytoarchitecture of the olfactory bulb. OB glomeruli undergo extensive synaptic remodeling, with many glomeruli withdrawing into an extensive nerve fibre layer, while others persist and enlarge. Most ORNs survive in the absence of their major target cells, and their glomerular contacts appear to be maintained by a surviving periglomerular neuron population. In the absence of mitral/tufted cells, migrating neuroblasts cease radial migration and become stalled in the granule layer of the olfactory bulb, where they attempt a tissue remodeling response. A subset of ORNs undergoes delayed apoptosis 4 days after lesion, resulting in a small, but sustained, increase in neurogenesis throughout the OE, reflected in an increasing GAP43+ axonal population in the olfactory bulb, even in the absence of all targets in the olfactory bulb other than periglomerular neurons.
Hybrid continuum-molecular modeling of fluid slip flow
Creators: name: Shaat, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments on fluid systems in micro-/nano-scale solid conveyors have shown a violation of the no-slip assumption that have been adopted by the classical fluid mechanics. To correct this mechanics for the fluid slip, various approaches have been proposed to determine the slip boundary conditions. However, these approaches have revealed contradictory results for a variety of systems, and a debate on the mechanisms and the conditions of the fluid slip/no-slip past solid surfaces is sustained for a long time. In this paper, we establish the hybrid continuum-molecular modeling (HCMM) as a general approach of modeling the fluid slip flow under the influence of excess fluid-solid molecular interactions. This modeling approach postulates that fluids flow over solid surfaces with/without slip depending on the difference between the applied impulse on the fluid and a drag due to the excess fluid-solid molecular interactions. In the HCMM, the Navier-Stokes equations are corrected for the excess fluid-solid interactions. Measures of the fluid-solid interactions are incorporated into the fluid viscosity. We demonstrate that the correction of the fluid mechanics by the slip boundary conditions is not an accurate approach, as the fluid-solid interactions would impact the fluid internally. To show the effectiveness of the proposed HCMM, it is implemented for water flow in nanotubes. The HCMM is validated by an extensive comparison with over 90 cases of experiments and molecular dynamics simulations of different fluid systems. We foresee that the hybrid continuum-molecular modeling of the fluid slip flow will find many important implementations in fluid mechanics.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures, and 3 tables
THE ANTONYMOUS RELATIONSHIP OF FRIENDSHIP/ENMITY IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK FOLK PROVERBS
Creators: name: Ergasheva, Gulzoda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article analyzes the antonymous relationship between the concepts of friendship and enmity in English and Uzbek folk proverbs. It explores how these two concepts are expressed differently in each culture while reflecting the worldview, values, and social norms of the respective people. The paper highlights the contrast between friendship and enmity as they are presented in folk proverbs, focusing on their mutual opposition and their common themes. The comparison reveals significant cultural insights into these fundamental human relationships.
Additional file 1 of Characterization of splenic MRC1hiMHCIIlo and MRC1loMHCIIhi cells from the monocyte/macrophage lineage of White Leghorn chickens
Creators: name: Keesun Yu
name: Gu, Min Jeong
name: Pyung, Young Jin
name: Ki-Duk Song
name: Park, Tae Sub
name: Han, Seung Hyun
name: Yun, Cheol-Heui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Flow cytometry gating strategy and isotype controls used for MRC1+cells.A Gating strategy used for MRC1loMHCIIhi and MRC1hiMHCIIlo cells. Single cells were gated based on size and granularity using FSC-A and SSC-A and then sub-gated using 7-AAD to define the live cells. Then, the live cells were discriminated by the expression of MRC1-PE (clone: KUL01), and then the MRC1loMHCIIhi (solid line) and MRC1hiMHCIIlo (broken line) cells were defined based on the expression of MRC1 and MHCII. B The background level of fluorescence was examined using the proper isotype controls.
Analysis of Microlensing Light Curves Induced by Multiple-Planet Systems
Creators: name: Han, Cheongho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To maximize the number of planet detections by increasing efficiency, current microlensing follow-up observation experiments are focusing on high-magnification events to search for planet-induced perturbations near the peak of lensing light curves. It was known that by monitoring high-magnification events, it is possible to detect multiplicity signatures of planetary systems. However, it was believed that the interpretation of the signals and the characterization of the detected multiple-planet systems would be difficult due to the complexity of the magnification pattern in the central region combined with the large number of lensing parameters required to model multiple-planet systems. In this paper, we demonstrate that in many cases the central planetary perturbations induced by multiple planets can be well approximated by the superposition of the single planetary perturbations where the individual planet-primary pairs act as independent binary lens systems (binary superposition). The validity of the binary-superposition approximation implies that the analysis of perturbations induced by multiple planets can be greatly simplified because the anomalies produced by the individual planet components can be investigated separately by using relatively much simpler single-planetary analysis, and thus enables better characterization of these systems.
description: Manuscript with high-resolution figures are available at http://astroph.chungbuk.ac.kr/~cheongho/preprint.html
Additional file 1 of Community and health staff perceptions on non-communicable disease management in El Salvador’s health system: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Vidal, Nicole
name: León-García, Montserrat
name: Jiménez, Marta
name: Bermúdez, Keven
name: Vos, Pol De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Interview guides; File containing interview guides used during phase 1 and 3 of data collection.
Carrier Drift Control of Spin Currents in Graphene-Based Spin-Current Demultiplexers
Creators: name: Ingla-Aynés, J.
name: Kaverzin, A A.
name: van Wees, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrical control of spin transport is promising for achieving new device functionalities. Here we calculate the propagation of spin currents in a graphene-based spin-current demultiplexer under the effect of drift currents. We show that, using spin- and charge-transport parameters already obtained in experiments, the spin currents can be guided in a controlled way. In particular, spin-current selectivities up to 102 can be achieved for measurements over a distance of 10μm under a moderate drift current density of 20μA/μm, meaning that the spin current in the arm that is off is only 1% of the current in the arm that is on. To illustrate the versatility of this approach, we show similar efficiencies in a device with four outputs and the possibility of multiplexer operation using spin drift. Finally, we explain how the effect can be optimized in graphene and two-dimensional semiconductors.
Le bilan de santé de la PAC, le découplage et l’élevage en zones difficiles
Creators: name: Chatellier, Vincent
name: Guyomard, Herve
name: Chatellier, Vincent
name: Guyomard, Herve
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Le 20 novembre 2008, le Conseil européen des ministres de l’agriculture a adopté, dans le cadre du bilan de santé de la PAC, plusieurs modifications des règles de mise en oeuvre de cette politique. Cet article discute, sous la forme de questions - réponses, de quelques implications de ces évolutions, plus spécifiquement celles relatives au découplage accru des mesures de soutien des revenus agricoles pour les exploitations françaises localisées dans les zones difficiles et orientées vers les productions d’herbivores (bovins lait, bovins viande et ovins-caprins). Si le maintien d’un couplage de la prime au maintien du troupeau de vaches allaitantes et de la prime à la brebis est souvent considéré, en France, comme un acquis plutôt positif à court terme, il convient néanmoins de réfléchir à des instruments alternatifs d’intervention qui pourraient être privilégiés, demain, pour favoriser les activités d’élevage dans les zones difficiles au double titre environnemental et territorial. Cette réflexion est d’autant plus nécessaire que la PAC est fortement concernée par les perspectives budgétaires de l’Union européenne pour l’après-2013 et que la question de la légitimité des soutiens publics agricoles est toujours en débat
Electronic friction and liquid-flow-induced voltage in nanotubes
Creators: name: Persson, B. N. J.
name: Tartaglino, U.
name: Tosatti, E.
name: Ueba, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent exciting experiment by Ghosh et al. reported that the flow of an ion-containing liquid such as water through bundles of single-walled carbon nanotubes induces a voltage in the nanotubes that grows logarithmically with the flow velocity v0. We propose an explanation for this observation. Assuming that the liquid molecules nearest the nanotube form a 2D solid-like monolayer pinned through the adsorbed ions to the nanotubes, the monolayer sliding will occur by elastic loading followed by local yield (stick-slip). The drifting adsorbed ions produce a voltage in the nanotube through electronic friction against free electrons inside the nanotube. Thermally excited jumps over force-biased barriers, well-known in stick-slip, can explain the logarithmic voltage growth with flow velocity. We estimate the short circuit current and the internal resistance of the nanotube voltage generator.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures; published on PRB (http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRB/v69/e235410) and on the Virtual Journal of Nanoscale Science and Technology (http://www.vjnano.org, July 14, 2002, Vol. 10, Iss. 2)
Additional file 1 of A two arm randomized controlled trial comparing the short and long term effects of an elimination diet and a healthy diet in children with ADHD (TRACE study). Rationale, study design and methods
Creators: name: Bosch, Annick
name: Bierens, Margreet
name: Wit, Ardine G. De
name: Ly, Verena
name: Velde, Jessica Van Der
name: Boer, Heleen De
name: Beek, Gerry Van
name: Appelman, Danielle
name: Visser, Sacha
name: Bos, Lisa
name: Meer, Jolanda Van Der
name: Kamphuis, Niki
name: Draaisma, Jos M. T.
name: Donders, Rogier
name: Loo-Neus, Gigi H. H. Van De
name: Hoekstra, Pieter J.
name: Bottelier, Marco
name: Arias-Vasquez, Alejandro
name: Klip, Helen
name: Buitelaar, Jan K.
name: Berg, Saskia W. Van Den
name: Rommelse, Nanda N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. ‘Appendices TRACE protocol paper’ including: Appendix A: Background information on the TRACE Elimination diet for dieticians and researchers. Appendix B: Background on reintroduction for the dietician and researchers. Appendix C: Background information on the TRACE balanced diet for researchers and dieticians. Appendix D: Information for parents of children who continue the diet after five weeks. Appendix E: Informed consent TRACE. Appendix F: included as mentioned in the SPIRIT checklist 33 ‘Biological specimens’. ‘TRACE protocol paper’: this includes Table 1 which should be inserted in Appendix C. This is included as an additional file, because this is a landscape table. ‘TRACE protocol paper’: this includes Table 1 which should be inserted in Appendix C. This is included as an additional file, because this is a landscape table.
Localization and hybridization of electronic states in thin films of Ag on V(100)
Creators: name: Lazic, Predrag
name: Crljen, Zeljko
name: Brako, Radovan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the electronic states in 1-5 layers thick Ag films on V(100), by means of ab initio density functional calculations. Due to the mismatch of the electronic structure of Ag and V, quantum well states of both sp and d character localized on Ag films are formed. We find that the hybridization of the Ag quantum well states with the V orbitals is nevertheless important, and must be taken into account in order to fully understand the observed properties, in particular the energies and the dispersion of the photoemission peaks in ARPES experiments.
description: submitted to PRB
The age of the Galactic thin disk from Th/Eu nucleocosmochronology I. Determination of [Th/Eu] abundance ratios
Creators: name: del Peloso, E. F.
name: da Silva, L.
name: de Mello, G. F. Porto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of this work is to resume investigation of Galactic thin disk dating using nucleocosmochronology with Th/Eu stellar abundance ratios, a theme absent from the literature since 1990. A stellar sample of 20 disk dwarfs/subgiants of F5 to G8 spectral types with -0.8 <= [Fe/H] <= +0.3 was selected. In stars with such spectral types and luminosity classes, spectral synthesis techniques must be employed if we wish to achieve acceptably accurate results. A homogeneous, self-consistent set of atmospheric parameters was determined. Effective temperatures were determined from photometric calibrations and H-alpha profile fitting; surface gravities were obtained from Teff, stellar masses and luminosities; microturbulence velocities and metallicities were obtained from detailed, differential spectroscopic analysis, relative to the Sun, using equivalent widths of Fe I and Fe II lines. Chemical abundances of the elements that contaminate the Th and Eu spectral regions (Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Ce, Nd, and Sm) were determined through spectroscopic analysis. Abundance uncertainties were thoroughly scrutinised, their average value - (0.10 +/- 0.02) dex - being found to be satisfactorily low. Eu and Th abundances were determined by spectral synthesis of one Eu II line (4129.72 A) and one Th II line (4019.13 A), taking into account the detailed hyperfine structures of contaminating Co lines, as well as the hyperfine structure and isotope shift of the Eu line. Comparison of our abundances with literature data shows that our results exhibit a similar behaviour, but a considerably lower scatter (36% lower for Eu, and 61% lower for Th). The [Th/Eu] abundance ratios thus obtained were used, in the second paper of this series, to determine the age of the Galactic disk.
description: 27 pages, 22 Postscript figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, final version
Jointly Learning Environments and Control Policies with Projected Stochastic Gradient Ascent
Creators: name: Bolland, Adrien
name: Boukas, Ioannis
name: Berger, Mathias
name: Ernst, Damien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the joint design and control of discrete-time stochastic dynamical systems over a finite time horizon. We formulate the problem as a multi-step optimization problem under uncertainty seeking to identify a system design and a control policy that jointly maximize the expected sum of rewards collected over the time horizon considered. The transition function, the reward function and the policy are all parametrized, assumed known and differentiable with respect to their parameters. We then introduce a deep reinforcement learning algorithm combining policy gradient methods with model-based optimization techniques to solve this problem. In essence, our algorithm iteratively approximates the gradient of the expected return via Monte-Carlo sampling and automatic differentiation and takes projected gradient ascent steps in the space of environment and policy parameters. This algorithm is referred to as Direct Environment and Policy Search (DEPS). We assess the performance of our algorithm in three environments concerned with the design and control of a mass-spring-damper system, a small-scale off-grid power system and a drone, respectively. In addition, our algorithm is benchmarked against a state-of-the-art deep reinforcement learning algorithm used to tackle joint design and control problems. We show that DEPS performs at least as well or better in all three environments, consistently yielding solutions with higher returns in fewer iterations. Finally, solutions produced by our algorithm are also compared with solutions produced by an algorithm that does not jointly optimize environment and policy parameters, highlighting the fact that higher returns can be achieved when joint optimization is performed.
Singularities and syzygies of secant varieties of nonsingular projective curves
Creators: name: Ein, Lawrence
name: Niu, Wenbo
name: Park, Jinhyung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In recent years, the equations defining secant varieties and their syzygies have attracted considerable attention. The purpose of the present paper is to conduct a thorough study on secant varieties of curves by settling several conjectures and revealing interaction between singularities and syzygies. The main results assert that if the degree of the embedding line bundle of a nonsingular curve of genus $g$ is greater than $2g+2k+p$ for nonnegative integers $k$ and $p$, then the $k$-th secant variety of the curve has normal Du Bois singularities, is arithmetically Cohen--Macaulay, and satisfies the property $N_{k+2, p}$. In addition, the singularities of the secant varieties are further classified according to the genus of the curve, and the Castelnuovo--Mumford regularities are also obtained as well. As one of the main technical ingredients, we establish a vanishing theorem on the Cartesian products of the curve, which may have independent interests and may find applications elsewhere.
description: 36 pages. Comments are welcome
Off-diagonal magnetoimpedance in field-annealed Co-based amorphous ribbons
Creators: name: Buznikov, N. A.
name: Kim, C. G.
name: Kim, C. O.
name: Jin, L.
name: Yoon, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The off-diagonal magnetoimpedance in field-annealed CoFeSiB amorphous ribbons was measured in the low-frequency range using a pick-up coil wound around the sample. The asymmetric two-peak behavior of the field dependence of the off-diagonal impedance was observed. The asymmetry is attributed to the formation of a hard magnetic crystalline phase at the ribbon surface. The experimental results are interpreted in terms of the surface impedance tensor. It is assumed that the ribbon consists of an inner amorphous region and surface crystalline layers. The coupling between the crystalline and amorphous phases is described through an effective bias field. A qualitative agreement between the calculated dependences and experimental data is demonstrated. The results obtained may be useful for development of weak magnetic-field sensors.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures
SAZONALIDADE DE PREÇOS DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR NO ESTADO DO PARANÁ
Creators: name: Melo, Carmen Ozana De
name: Esperancini, Maura Seiko Tsutsui
name: Silva, Gerson Henrique Da
name: Melo, Carmen Ozana De
name: Esperancini, Maura Seiko Tsutsui
name: Silva, Gerson Henrique Da
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: cana-de-açúcar
subject: agroenergia
subject: sazonalidade de preços
subject: sugar cane
subject: agro energy
subject: seasonality of price

description: O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a variação sazonal dos preços médios recebidos pelos produtores de cana-de-açúcar no estado do Paraná, no período de janeiro de 2000 a dezembro de 2007. Para tanto, adotou-se a metodologia da média geométrica móvel centralizada de 12 meses. Os resultados mostraram que índices sazonais abaixo ou igual a 100 ocorrem em metade do ano e, de modo geral, coincidem com período de colheita e comercialização. Índices acima de 100 foram observados em períodos de plantio. Observou-se, também, que a maior amplitude entre os limites inferior e superior dos índices ocorre entre meses de índices mais baixos. Contudo, pode-se concluir, pelos resultados, que a cana apresenta uma sazonalidade de preços moderada.----------------------The present work aimed at analyzing the seasonal variation of the average prices received by the sugar cane producers in Paraná State, within the period from January 2000 through December 2007. For this work, the methodology of centralized mobile geometric average was applied. The results show that seasonal indexes either lower or equal to 100 happened in half of the year and, across the board, they coincide with the harvesting and commercialization period. Indexes higher than 100 were observed within planting period. Also, one observes that greater amplitude between the inferior and superior limits of the indexes occurs between months of lower indexes. However, one can conclude, by the results, that sugar cane presents moderate price seasonality.
Additional file 2 of Reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health service delivery during conflict in Yemen: a case study
Creators: name: Tappis, Hannah
name: Elaraby, Sarah
name: Elnakib, Shatha
name: Nagiba A. Abdulghani AlShawafi
name: BaSaleem, Huda
name: Al-Gawfi, Iman Ahmed Saleh
name: Othman, Fouad
name: Shafique, Fouzia
name: Al-Kubati, Eman
name: Nuzhat Rafique
name: Spiegel, Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Data Collection Tools.
IMPORTANCE OF LEARNING ENGLISH NOWADAYS
Creators: name: Sattarova, Ismigul
name: Polvonova, Dildora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The article discusses the importance and necessity of English language around the world. English is the greatest common language. Additionally,  this language can help people in every sphere, because English is the most used and understandable almost for everybody,  so learning and knowing it so vital that can open any doors.
Exact and semiclassical approach to a class of singular integral operators arising in fluid mechanics and quantum field theory
Creators: name: Fateev, V. A.
name: De Pietri, R.
name: Onofri, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A class of singular integral operators, encompassing two physically relevant cases arising in perturbative QCD and in classical fluid dynamics, is presented and analyzed. It is shown that three special values of the parameters allow for an exact eigenfunction expansion; these can be associated to Riemannian symmetric spaces of rank one with positive, negative or vanishing curvature. For all other cases an accurate semiclassical approximation is derived, based on the identification of the operators with a peculiar Schroedinger-like operator.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure, amslatex, bibtex (added missing label eq.11)
Reactor neutrino applications and coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering
Creators: name: Bowen, Maitland
name: Huber, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Potential applications of neutrino detection to nuclear security have been discussed since the 1970s. Recent years have seen great progress in detector technologies based on inverse beta decay, with the demonstration of ton-scale surface-level detectors capable of high quality neutrino spectrum measurements. At the same time coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering has been experimentally confirmed in 2017 with neutrinos from stopped pion decay and there is a number of experiments aimed at seeing this reaction with reactor neutrinos. The large cross section and threshold-less nature of this reaction make it plausible to consider it for applications to nuclear security and here, we present a first direct comparison of the two reaction modes.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Giant Tunneling Magnetoresistance, Glassiness, and the Energy Landscape at Nanoscale Cluster Coexistence
Creators: name: Kumar, Sanjeev
name: Mohapatra, Chandra Shekhar
name: Majumdar, Pinaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present microscopic results on the giant tunneling magnetoresistance that arises from the nanoscale coexistence of ferromagnetic metallic (FMM) and antiferromagnetic insulating (AFI) clusters in a disordered two dimensional electron system with competing double exchange and superexchange interactions. Our Monte Carlo study allows us to map out the different field regimes in magnetotransport and correlate it with the evolution of spatial structures. At coexistence, the isotropic O(3) model shows signs of slow relaxation, and has a high density of low energy metastable states, but no genuine glassiness. However, in the presence of weak magnetic anisotropy, and below a field dependent irreversibility temperature $T_{irr}$, the response on field cooling (FC) differs distinctly from that on zero field cooling (ZFC). We map out the phase diagram of this `phase coexistence glass', highlight how its response differs from that of a standard spin glass, and compare our results with data on the manganites.
description: Final published version
Additional file 1 of Reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health service delivery during conflict in Yemen: a case study
Creators: name: Tappis, Hannah
name: Elaraby, Sarah
name: Elnakib, Shatha
name: Nagiba A. Abdulghani AlShawafi
name: BaSaleem, Huda
name: Al-Gawfi, Iman Ahmed Saleh
name: Othman, Fouad
name: Shafique, Fouzia
name: Al-Kubati, Eman
name: Nuzhat Rafique
name: Spiegel, Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Documents and Data Sources Reviewed.
A process for the development of collaborative, bioregionally-adapted soil health assessment : community-based action research with organic growers in the Similkameen Valley, British Columbia, Canada
Creators: name: Wagner, Julia Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Soil health is a critical element of sustainable agriculture and a central tenet of organic agriculture. Soil health assessment is an information-gathering process intended to contribute to soil health management decisions. In this context, this thesis addresses two key objectives of an exploratory, community-based action research project conducted in the Similkameen Valley (British Columbia, Canada) with a small group of organic growers and local resource people, namely: 1) to describe organic growers' current approaches to soil health assessment; and, 2) to explore the concept of collaborative, bioregionally-adapted soil health assessment as a means of improving British Columbia organic growers' capacity for soil health assessment. The project activities included: an initial participatory workshop, a written questionnaire, review of growers' soil test records, a field day, semi-structured interviews, collaborative development and trials of a systematic soil health assessment strategy, and a final participatory workshop to discuss the trial results and evaluate the project, along with a written evaluation. Growers' existing approaches to soil health assessment were primarily: informal, individual, integrated with management activities, and based on sensory observation and management-based assessments, with limited use of assessment tools developed by the scientific community. The complexity of soil health impinges on individual growers' capacity for more systematic soil health assessment. Therefore, the collaborative, bioregionally-adapted soil health assessment trials provided a learning forum, to connect growers and resource people to address this complexity by sharing experiential and scientific knowledge. The process contributed to growers' knowledge of their own soils and of issues beyond their own farm; demonstrated the possibility of grower cooperation to achieve economic efficiencies; and nurtured social energy. Facilitation skills and time demands were challenges for maintaining the participatory nature of the process. Overall, determining how to appropriately balance or integrate scientific and grower knowledge (a desirable goal shared by all participants and also found in the literature) requires further consideration. Based on our experience, I proposed a framework for the development of collaborative, bioregionally-adapted soil health assessment strategies. I recommend further experiences with this framework in other communities, and with longer time frames, to evaluate its effectiveness and relevance in different contexts.
ANÁLISE ECONÔMICO-FINANCEIRA DA IMPLANTAÇÃO DO SISTEMA DE BIODIGESTORES NO MUNICÍPIO DE TOLEDO – PARANÁ
Creators: name: Shikida, Pery Francisco Assis
name: Junges, Doris Mariani
name: Kleinschmitt, Sandra Cristiana
name: Silva, Josemar Raimundo Da
name: Shikida, Pery Francisco Assis
name: Junges, Doris Mariani
name: Kleinschmitt, Sandra Cristiana
name: Silva, Josemar Raimundo Da
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: suinocultura
subject: dejetos suínos
subject: biodigestores
subject: viabilidade econômicofinanceira
subject: hog raising
subject: swine wastes
subject: biodigestor’s
subject: economic-financial viability

description: Este artigo objetivou avaliar a viabilidade econômico-financeira da implantação de diferentes modelos de biodigestores em duas propriedades rurais produtoras de suínos no município de Toledo, Paraná. Como corolário, os investimentos produziram indicadores que apontaram inviabilidade econômica em uma das propriedades sem a venda de créditos de carbono e viabilidade na outra, com retornos já no segundo ano após a implantação do biodigestor. Não obstante, considerou-se o potencial de geração de renda e economias e verificou-se que, em propriedades que não geram grande potencial de dejetos, a implantação de biodigestores convencionais é inviável econômico e financeiramente.---------------------------------This paper aimed to evaluate the economic-financial viability of the different models of biodigestor’s implantation in two rural properties, which raise swines in Toledo district, Paraná. As corollary, the investments generated indicators which pointed economical inviabilities in one of the properties without the selling of carbon credit and viability in the other one, with feedbacks in the second year after the biodigestor implantation. Despite, it was considered the potential of income and economies generation and it was verified that in properties which do not generate great potential of wastes. The implantation of conventional biodigestors is not economic and financial viable.
CURVA DE KUZNETS AMBIENTAL ESTIMATIVA ECONOMÉTRICA USANDO CO2 E PIB PER CAPITA
Creators: name: Cunha, Cleyzer Adrian Da
name: Cunha, Cleyzer Adrian Da
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Kuznets
subject: meio ambiente
subject: CO2
subject: Energy
subject: structural breaks and Economic Growth

description: O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar empiricamente a relação entre o produto per capita e a emissão de CO2 no Brasil no período de 1980 a 2004. Neste trabalho, foram ______________________________________________________________________ Rio Branco – Acre, 20 a 23 de julho de 2008 Sociedade Brasileira de Economia, Administração e Sociologia Rural realizados testes de raiz unitária Dickey-Fuller aumentado (ADF), a estimativa da Curva de Kuznets Ambiental (EKC) usando modelo econométrico e projeções usando a técnica Exponential Smoothing Forecasts. Dentre os principais resultados, destaca-se que o aumento do produto per capita tende a reduzir a emissão de CO2, corroborando com a proposta da curva EKC original. Assim, conforme o modelo estimado a partir de 2005 haverá uma redução na emissão de CO2 e um aumento no PIB per capita até 2010.-----------------------The objective of this paper is verify the relation between economic growth and Co2 emission in Brazil. In this work, unit test root of Dickey-Fuller and the estimate of the Curve of Kuznets Ambiental (EKC). The previsiouns using technique Exponential Smoothing Forecasts. Amongst the main results, it is distinguished that the increase of the per capita product tends to reduce the Co2 emission, corroborating with the proposal of original curve EKC. Thus, as the model esteem from 2005 will have a reduction in the Co2 emission and an increase in the GDP per capita in 2010.