cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Point Information Gain and Multidimensional Data Analysis
Creators: name: Rychtáriková, Renata
name: Korbel, Jan
name: Macháček, Petr
name: Císař, Petr
name: Urban, Jan
name: Soloviov, Dmytro
name: Štys, Dalibor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the Point information gain (PIG) and derived quantities, i.e. Point information entropy (PIE) and Point information entropy density (PIED), for the case of Rényi entropy and simulate the behavior of PIG for typical distributions. We also use these methods for the analysis of multidimensional datasets. We demonstrate the main properties of PIE/PIED spectra for the real data on the example of several images, and discuss possible further utilization in other fields of data processing.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Amenders and Avoiders: an examination of guilt and shame for toddlers and their older siblings
Creators: name: Kolak, Amy M.
name: Volling, Brenda L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Guilt- and shame-prone responding were examined in a sample of 146, 18-month-old toddlers and their older siblings (M = 49.5 months, SD = 10.4) during mishap tasks which were used to differentiate both toddlers and their older siblings into Amenders (low avoidance) and Avoiders (high avoidance). Toddlers and older siblings classified as Amenders expressed more concern and were less distressed by the mishap than Avoiders. Children were divided into four groups: Amender-Amender (older sibling-toddler), Amender-Avoider, Avoider-Avoider, and Avoider-Amender to examine differences in sibling interaction and moral development. Older siblings in the Avoider-Avoider group were significantly more aggressive and less empathic toward toddlers than older siblings in the Avoider-Amender group. Toddlers in the Amender-Amender, Amender-Avoider, and Avoider-Amender groups showed significant gains in moral regulation from 18 to 24 months whereas toddlers in the Avoider-Avoider group did not. In contrast, while older siblings were generally high on moral regulation when toddlers were 18 months, this was not the case for older siblings in the Avoider-Avoider group, who had lower moral regulation scores that significantly increased over time. Findings are discussed with respect to the significance of sibling socialisation for toddlers’ developing moral sensibility.
Form factors for dark matter capture by the Sun in effective theories
Creators: name: Catena, Riccardo
name: Schwabe, Bodo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the effective theory of isoscalar and isovector dark matter-nucleon interactions mediated by a heavy spin-1 or spin-0 particle, 8 isotope-dependent nuclear response functions can be generated in the dark matter scattering by nuclei. We compute the 8 nuclear response functions for the 16 most abundant elements in the Sun, i.e. H, $^{3}$He, $^{4}$He, $^{12}$C, $^{14}$N, $^{16}$O, $^{20}$Ne, $^{23}$Na, $^{24}$Mg, $^{27}$Al, $^{28}$Si, $^{32}$S, $^{40}$Ar, $^{40}$Ca, $^{56}$Fe, and $^{58}$Ni, through numerical shell model calculations. We use our response functions to compute the rate of dark matter capture by the Sun for all isoscalar and isovector dark matter-nucleon effective interactions, including several operators previously considered for dark matter direct detection only. We study in detail the dependence of the capture rate on specific dark matter-nucleon interaction operators, and on the different elements in the Sun. We find that a so far neglected momentum dependent dark matter coupling to the nuclear vector charge gives a larger contribution to the capture rate than the constant spin-dependent interaction commonly included in dark matter searches at neutrino telescopes. Our investigation lays the foundations for model independent analyses of dark matter induced neutrino signals from the Sun. The nuclear response functions obtained in this study are listed in analytic form in an appendix, ready to be used in other projects.
description: 35 pages, 9 figures. In all calculations, $^{59}$Ni replaced by $^{58}$Ni. Main results unchanged
The LPM effect in sequential bremsstrahlung
Creators: name: Arnold, Peter
name: Iqbal, Shahin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The splitting processes of bremsstrahlung and pair production in a medium are coherent over large distances in the very high energy limit, which leads to a suppression known as the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal (LPM) effect. We analyze the case when the coherence lengths of two consecutive splitting processes overlap, which is important for understanding corrections to standard treatments of the LPM effect in QCD. Previous authors have analyzed this problem in the case of overlapping double bremsstrahlung where at least one of the bremsstrahlung gluons is soft. Here we show how to generalize to include the case where both splittings are hard. A number of techniques must be developed, and so in this paper we simplify by (i) restricting attention to a subset of the interference effects, which we call the "crossed" diagrams, and (ii) working in the large-$N_c$ limit. We first develop some general formulas that could in principle be implemented numerically (with substantial difficulty). To make more analytic progress, we then focus on the case of a thick, homogeneous medium and make the multiple scattering approximation (also known as the $\hat q$ or harmonic approximation) appropriate at high energy. We show that the differential rate $dΓ/dx\,dy$ for overlapping double bremsstrahlung of gluons with momentum fractions $x$ and $y$ can then be reduced to the calculation of a 1-dimensional integral, which we perform numerically. [Though this paper is unfortunately long, our introduction is enough for getting the gist of the method.]
description: 85 pages, 30 figures [only change from v5: fixed trivial typo of a missing bar in eq. (2.20a). The authors are obsessive.]
Separable quantizations of Stäckel systems
Creators: name: Blaszak, Maciej
name: Marciniak, Krzysztof
name: Domanski, Ziemowit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37K10, 70H06, 70H20, 53D55, 81S10

description: In this article we prove that many Hamiltonian systems that can not be separably quantized in the classical approach of Robertson and Eisenhardt can be separably quantized if we extend the class of admissible quantizations through a suitable choice of Riemann space adapted to the Poisson geometry of the system. Actually, in this article we prove that for every quadratic in momenta Stäckel system (defined on a 2n-dimensional Poisson manifold) for which the Stäckel matrix consists of monomials in position coordinates there exist infinitely many quantizations - parametrized by n arbitrary functions - that turn this system into a quantum separable Stäckel system.
description: We added the journal reference and also intorduced several minor amendmends
Evaluation of Reorientation Techniques and Distractors for Walking in Large Virtual Environments
Creators: name: Peck, T.C.
name: Fuchs, H.
name: Whitton, M.C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Virtual Environments (VEs) that use a real-walking locomotion interface have typically been restricted in size to the area of the tracked lab space. Techniques proposed to lift this size constraint, enabling real walking in VEs that are larger than the tracked lab space, all require reorientation techniques (ROTs) in the worst-case situation–when a user is close to walking out of the tracked space. We propose a new ROT using visual and audial distractors–objects in the VE that the user focuses on while the VE rotates–and compare our method to current ROTs through three user studies. ROTs using distractors were preferred and ranked more natural by users. Users were also less aware of the rotating VE when ROTs with distractors were used. Our findings also suggest that improving visual realism and adding sound increased a user's feeling of presence.
“When did you see it?” The effect of emotional valence on temporal source memory in aging
Creators: name: Ceccato, Irene
name: La Malva, Pasquale
name: Di Crosta, Adolfo
name: Palumbo, Rocco
name: Gatti, Matteo
name: Momi, Davide
name: Logrieco, Maria Grazia Mada
name: Fasolo, Mirco
name: Mammarella, Nicola
name: Borella, Erika
name: Di Domenico, Alberto
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Previous studies consistently showed age-related differences in temporal judgment and temporal memory. Importantly, emotional valence plays a crucial role in older adults’ information processing. In this study, we examined the effects of emotions at the intersection between time and memory, analysing age-related differences in a temporal source memory task. Twenty-five younger adults (age range 18–35), 25 old adults (age range 65–74), and 25 old–old adults (age range 75–84) saw a series of emotional pictures in three sessions separated by a one-day rest period. In the fourth session, participants were asked to indicate in which session (1, 2, or 3) they saw each picture. Results showed that old–old adults tended to collocate negative pictures distant in time, while positive stimuli were remembered as more recent than real, compared to neutral pictures. To a lower extent, people over 65 showed the same pattern of results. In contrast, emotional valence did not affect younger adults’ temporal positioning of stimuli. Current findings fit well with the Socio-Emotional Selectivity Theory’s assumptions and extended the literature on the positivity effect to temporal source memory.
Probabilistic lower bounds on maximal determinants of binary matrices
Creators: name: Brent, Richard P.
name: Osborn, Judy-anne H.
name: Smith, Warren D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B20, 05D40 (Primary), 15A15, 15B34, 34E05 (Secondary)

description: Let ${\mathcal D}(n)$ be the maximal determinant for $n \times n$ $\{\pm 1\}$-matrices, and $\mathcal R(n) = {\mathcal D}(n)/n^{n/2}$ be the ratio of ${\mathcal D}(n)$ to the Hadamard upper bound. Using the probabilistic method, we prove new lower bounds on ${\mathcal D}(n)$ and $\mathcal R(n)$ in terms of $d = n-h$, where $h$ is the order of a Hadamard matrix and $h$ is maximal subject to $h \le n$. For example, $\mathcal R(n) > (πe/2)^{-d/2}$ if $1 \le d \le 3$, and $\mathcal R(n) > (πe/2)^{-d/2}(1 - d^2(π/(2h))^{1/2})$ if $d > 3$. By a recent result of Livinskyi, $d^2/h^{1/2} \to 0$ as $n \to \infty$, so the second bound is close to $(πe/2)^{-d/2}$ for large $n$. Previous lower bounds tended to zero as $n \to \infty$ with $d$ fixed, except in the cases $d \in \{0,1\}$. For $d \ge 2$, our bounds are better for all sufficiently large $n$. If the Hadamard conjecture is true, then $d \le 3$, so the first bound above shows that $\mathcal R(n)$ is bounded below by a positive constant $(πe/2)^{-3/2} > 0.1133$.
description: 17 pages, 2 tables, 24 references. Shorter version of arXiv:1402.6817v4. Typos corrected in v2 and v3, new Lemma 7 in v4, updated references in v5, added Remark 2.8 and a reference in v6, updated references in v7
The Alexander module, Seifert forms, and categorification
Creators: name: Hom, Jennifer
name: Lidman, Tye
name: Watson, Liam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that bordered Floer homology provides a categorification of a TQFT described by Donaldson. This, in turn, leads to a proof that both the Alexander module of a knot and the Seifert form are completely determined by Heegaard Floer theory.
description: 80 pages, 21 figures, uses color Version 2: Minor edits as suggested by the referee. This version accepted for publication by the Journal of Topology
Supplementary document for Temperature-dependent Mn2+ emission of co-doped CsPb2 (BrCl)5 Perovskite nanocrystals - 7129857.pdf
Creators: name: Shen, Xuri
name: Kong, Jinfang
name: Wang, Fengchao
name: Zhang, Canyun
name: Li, Lan
name: Chen, Jin
name: Yang, Jing
name: Sun, Yu
name: Dou, Yunchen
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: document
Matching Visual Saliency to Confidence in Plots of Uncertain Data
Creators: name: Taylor, Russell M
name: Feng, David
name: Kwock, Lester
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Conveying data uncertainty in visualizations is crucial for preventing viewers from drawing conclusions based on untrustworthy data points. This paper proposes a methodology for efficiently generating density plots of uncertain multivariate data sets that draws viewers to preattentively identify values of high certainty while not calling attention to uncertain values. We demonstrate how to augment scatter plots and parallel coordinates plots to incorporate statistically modeled uncertainty and show how to integrate them with existing multivariate analysis techniques, including outlier detection and interactive brushing. Computing high quality density plots can be expensive for large data sets, so we also describe a probabilistic plotting technique that summarizes the data without requiring explicit density plot computation. These techniques have been useful for identifying brain tumors in multivariate magnetic resonance spectroscopy data and we describe how to extend them to visualize ensemble data sets.
Doing euclidean plane geometry using projective geometric algebra
Creators: name: Gunn, Charles G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51F

description: The article presents a new approach to euclidean plane geometry based on projective geometric algebra (PGA). It is designed for anyone with an interest in plane geometry, or who wishes to familiarize themselves with PGA. After a brief review of PGA, the article focuses on $\mathbf{P}(\mathbb{R}^*_{2,0,1})$, the PGA for euclidean plane geometry. It first explores the geometric product involving pairs and triples of basic elements (points and lines), establishing a wealth of fundamental metric and non-metric properties. It then applies the algebra to a variety of familiar topics in plane euclidean geometry and shows that it compares favorably with other approaches in regard to completeness, compactness, practicality, and elegance. The seamless integration of euclidean and ideal (aka infinite) elements forms an essential and novel feature of the treatment. Numerous figures accompany the text. For readers with the requisite mathematical background, a self-contained coordinate-free introduction to the algebra is provided in an appendix.
description: 30 pages, 20 figures
Evaluating the ‘skin disease-avoidance’ and ‘dangerous animal’ frameworks for understanding trypophobia
Creators: name: Pipitone, R. Nathan
name: DiMattina, Christopher
name: Martin, Emily Renae
name: Banai, Irena Pavela
name: Bellmore, KaLynn
name: De Angelis, Michelle
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Trypophobia refers to the extreme negative reaction when viewing clusters of circular objects. Two major evolutionary frameworks have been proposed to account for trypophobic visual discomfort. The skin disease-avoidance (SD) framework proposes that trypophobia is an over-generalised response to stimuli resembling pathogen-related skin diseases. The dangerous animal (DA) framework posits that some dangerous organisms and trypophobic stimuli share similar visual characteristics. Here, we performed the first experimental manipulations which directly compare these two frameworks by superimposing trypophobic imagery onto multiple image categories to evaluate changes in comfort. Participants from two countries (United States and Croatia) were evaluated on several measures, including general trypophobia levels, perceived vulnerability to disease, and generalised anxiety. Several analyses showed stronger changes in comfort in the human skin condition (hand, feet, and chest images) compared to the dangerous animal condition (snake and spider images). Furthermore, participants with higher levels of trypophobia showed significantly stronger changes in comfort in the skin condition than the dangerous animal condition, with comparable effects obtained across nationalities. Several variables entered as covariates failed to significantly account for this effect. The present work is the first to experimentally test both evolutionary frameworks of trypophobia, with results supporting the skin disease-avoidance framework.
Idèlic class field theory for 3-manifolds and very admissible links
Creators: name: Niibo, Hirofumi
name: Ueki, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a topological analogue of idèlic class field theory for 3-manifolds, in the spirit of arithmetic topology. We firstly introduce the notion of a very admissible link $\mathcal{K}$ in a 3-manifold $M$, which plays a role analogous to the set of primes of a number field. For such a pair $(M,\mathcal{K})$, we introduce the notion of idèles and define the idèle class group. Then, getting the local class field theory for each knot in $\mathcal{K}$ together, we establish analogues of the global reciprocity law and the existence theorem of idèlic class field theory.
description: 21 papes; including improvement of very admissible link and topological interpretation of principal id\`ele group
The Design and Evaluation of a Large-Scale Real-Walking Locomotion Interface
Creators: name: Fuchs, H.
name: Whitton, M. C.
name: Peck, T. C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Redirected Free Exploration with Distractors (RFED) is a large-scale real-walking locomotion interface developed to enable people to walk freely in virtual environments that are larger than the tracked space in their facility. This paper describes the RFED system in detail and reports on a user study that evaluated RFED by comparing it to walking-in-place and joystick interfaces. The RFED system is composed of two major components, redirection and distractors. This paper discusses design challenges, implementation details, and lessons learned during the development of two working RFED systems. The evaluation study examined the effect of the locomotion interface on users’ cognitive performance on navigation and wayfinding measures. The results suggest that participants using RFED were significantly better at navigating and wayfinding through virtual mazes than participants using walking-in-place and joystick interfaces. Participants traveled shorter distances, made fewer wrong turns, pointed to hidden targets more accurately and more quickly, and were able to place and label targets on maps more accurately, and more accurately estimate the virtual environment size.
Protein Replacement Therapy and Gene Transfer in Canine Models of Hemophilia A, Hemophilia B, von Willebrand Disease, and Factor VII Deficiency
Creators: name: Bellinger, D. A.
name: Arruda, V. R.
name: Nichols, T. C.
name: High, K. A.
name: Franck, H. W. G.
name: Merricks, E. P.
name: Raymer, R. A.
name: Dillow, A. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Dogs with hemophilia A, hemophilia B, von Willebrand disease (VWD), and factor VII deficiency faithfully recapitulate the severe bleeding phenotype that occurs in humans with these disorders. The first rational approach to diagnosing these bleeding disorders became possible with the development of reliable assays in the 1940s through research that used these dogs. For the next 60 years, treatment consisted of replacement of the associated missing or dysfunctional protein, first with plasma-derived products and subsequently with recombinant products. Research has consistently shown that replacement products that are safe and efficacious in these dogs prove to be safe and efficacious in humans. But these highly effective products require repeated administration and are limited in supply and expensive; in addition, plasma-derived products have transmitted bloodborne pathogens. Recombinant proteins have all but eliminated inadvertent transmission of bloodborne pathogens, but the other limitations persist. Thus, gene therapy is an attractive alternative strategy in these monogenic disorders and has been actively pursued since the early 1990s. To date, several modalities of gene transfer in canine hemophilia have proven to be safe, produced easily detectable levels of transgene products in plasma that have persisted for years in association with reduced bleeding, and correctly predicted the vector dose required in a human hemophilia B liver-based trial. Very recently, however, researchers have identified an immune response to adeno-associated viral gene transfer vector capsid proteins in a human liver-based trial that was not present in preclinical testing in rodents, dogs, or nonhuman primates. This article provides a review of the strengths and limitations of canine hemophilia, VWD, and factor VII deficiency models and of their historical and current role in the development of improved therapy for humans with these inherited bleeding disorders.
The NLRP3 Inflammasome Mediates In Vivo Innate Immunity to Influenza A Virus through Recognition of Viral RNA
Creators: name: Moore, Chris B.
name: Holl, Eda K.
name: Allen, Irving C.
name: McElvania-TeKippe, Erin
name: Ting, Jenny P.-Y.
name: Taxman, Debra J.
name: Scull, Margaret A.
name: Pickles, Raymond J.
name: Guthrie, Elizabeth H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: NLR genes mediate host immunity to various pathogenic stimuli. However, in vivo evidence for NLR involvement in viral sensing has not been widely investigated and remains controversial. As an ultimate test of the physiologic role of NLRP3 during RNA viral infection, this work explores the in vivo role of NLRP3 inflammasome components during influenza virus infection. Mice lacking Nlrp3, ASC, or Caspase-1, but not Nlrc4, exhibit dramatically increased mortality but reduced immune response following influenza virus exposure. Utilizing analogs of dsRNA (poly(I:C)) and ssRNA (ssRNA40), we demonstrate that NLRP3-mediated response can be activated by RNA species. Mechanistically, NLRP3 inflammasome activation by influenza virus is dependent upon lysosomal maturation and reactive oxygen species. Inhibition of ROS induction eliminated IL-1β production in animals during influenza infection. Together, these data place the NLRP3 inflammasome as an essential component in host defense against influenza infection through the sensing of viral RNA.
Determining $H_0$ using a model-independent method
Creators: name: Wu, Puxun
name: Li, Zhengxiang
name: Yu, Hongwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using type Ia supernovae (SNIa) to provide the luminosity distance (LD) directly, which depends on the value of the Hubble constant $H_0= 100 h\; {\rm km\; s^{-1}\; Mpc^{-1}}$, and the angular diameter distance from galaxy clusters or baryon acoustic oscillations (BAOs) to give the derived LD according to the distance duality relation, we propose a model-independent method to determine $h$ from the fact that different observations should give the same LD at a given redshift. Combining the Sloan Digital Sky Survey II (SDSS-II) SNIa from the MLCS2k2 light curve fit and galaxy cluster data, we find that at the $1σ$ confidence level (CL), $h=0.5867\pm0.0303$ for the sample of the elliptical $β$ model for galaxy clusters, and $h=0.6199\pm0.0293$ for that of the spherical $β$ model. The former is smaller than the values from other observations, whereas the latter is consistent with the Planck result at the $2σ$ CL and agrees very well with the value reconstructed directly from the $H(z)$ data. With the SDSS-II SNIa and BAO measurements, a tighter constraint, $h=0.6683\pm0.0221$, is obtained. For comparison, we also consider the Union 2.1 SNIa from the SALT2 light curve fitting. The results from the Union 2.1 SNIa are slightly larger than those from the SDSS-II SNIa, and the Union 2.1 SNIa + BAOs give the tightest value. We find that the values from SNIa + BAOs are quite consistent with those from the Planck and the BAOs, as well as the local measurement from Cepheids and very-low-redshift SNIa.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
How does the moral self-concept relate to prosocial behaviour? Investigating the role of emotions and consistency preference
Creators: name: Christner, Natalie
name: Pletti, Carolina
name: Paulus, Markus
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: The moral self-concept has been proposed as a central predictor of prosocial behaviour. In two experiments (one preregistered), we explored the nature of the relation between the moral self-concept (explicit and implicit) and prosocial behaviour. Specifically, we investigated the role of emotions associated with prosocial behaviour (consequential or anticipated) and preference for consistency. The results revealed a relation between the explicit moral self-concept and sharing behaviour. The explicit moral self-concept was linked to anticipated and consequential emotions regarding not-sharing. Importantly, anticipated and consequential emotions about not-sharing mediated the relation between self-concept and behaviour. Yet, the relation was independent of preference for consistency. The implicit moral self-concept was neither related to prosocial behaviour nor to emotions associated with behaviour. Overall, our study demonstrates the interplay between cognitive and emotional processes in explaining prosocial behaviour. More specific, it underlines the link between the moral self-concept and prosocial behaviour and highlights the role of emotions about the omission of prosocial behaviour.
Permanent EDM measurement in Cs using nonlinear magneto-optic rotation
Creators: name: Ravi, Harish
name: Bhattarai, Mangesh
name: D, Abhilash Y
name: Momeen, Ummal
name: Natarajan, Vasant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the technique of chopped nonlinear magneto-optic rotation (NMOR) in a room temperature $^{133}$Cs vapor cell to measure the permanent electric dipole moment (EDM) in the atom. The cell has paraffin coating on the walls to increase the relaxation time. The signature of the EDM is a shift in the Larmor precession frequency which is correlated with the application of an E field. We analyze errors in the technique, and show that the main source of systematic error is the appearance of a longitudinal B field when the E field is applied. This error can be eliminated by doing measurements on the two ground hyperfine levels. Using an E field of 2.6 kV/cm, we place an upper limit on the electron EDM of $ 2.9 \times 10^{-22} $ e-cm ($95 \%$ confidence). This limit can be increased by 7 orders-of-magnitude---and brought below the current best experimental value---with easily implementable improvements to the technique.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Supplementary document for Surface optical sensitivity enhanced by a single dielectric microsphere - 6077930.pdf
Creators: name: Ruzankina, Iuliia
name: Mukhin, Nikolay
name: Mermoul, Ali
name: Parfenov, Vadim
name: Fron, Eduard
name: Ferrini, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 90605 Photodetectors, Optical Sensors and Solar Cells
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Supplementary Information
Supplementary document for High-speed 2D materials inspection using microscopic dynamic spectroscopic imaging ellipsometer - 7152980.pdf
Creators: name: choi, sukhyun
name: Woo, Chae Young
name: HWANG, GUKHYEON
name: Kheiryzadehkhanghah, Saeid
name: Choi, Inho
name: Cho, Yong Jai
name: Lee, Hyung Woo
name: Chegal, Won
name: Kim, Daesuk
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized
Nanomaterials

description: Supplemental Document for Data file
An Early Assessment of the Impact of Covid-19 in Malawi
Creators: name: Chadza, William
name: Burke, William J.
name: Nyondo, Christone
name: Khonje, Makaiko
name: Munthali, Maggie
name: Nyirenda, Zephania
name: Muyanga, Milu
name: Jayne, T.S.
name: Chadza, William
name: Burke, William J.
name: Nyondo, Christone
name: Khonje, Makaiko
name: Munthali, Maggie
name: Nyirenda, Zephania
name: Muyanga, Milu
name: Jayne, T.S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Malawi
subject: covid-19
subject: food prices

description: • Closely monitoring food prices could be an early warning system for economic impacts. • Food price spikes could have several causes related to COVID-19, so the drivers will need to be investigated to find the best way to minimize negative impacts on welfare. • Social safety nets for those suffering from spread mitigation measures could improve compliance. • All facets of agricultural value chains are affected. However, the impacts on transportation, especially for inputs, could be the most detrimental to the economy if the pandemic persists. • The most effective economic strategy will likely be containing the spread of the disease. • Current monitoring may not be capturing the true scope of the spread and impact of COVID-19.
DisCrit at the margins of teacher education: informing curriculum, visibilization, and disciplinary integration
Creators: name: Kulkarni, Saili
name: Nusbaum, Emily
name: Boda, Phillip
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Teacher education is polarized. Traditionalists tend to center core practices, while justice-oriented scholars center ideologies embedded within our practices. Both, however, must consider how practices and ideologies can operate interdependently to disrupt inequity and cultivate agency among all students. Drawing on an intersectionally-aligned theory, DisCrit, we argue that practices andthe ideologies they embody can be problematized vis-à-vis how racism and ableism operate to support hegemony bound in, and represented by, the normative center of schooling. In this paper, we unpack what DisCrit affords critical teacher education, how individuals with complex support needs are located within DisCrit’s tenets, if at all, and the application of DisCrit in the disciplinary case of science education. By considering possibilities not yet explored within the literature, we further critical conversations about the relationship between DisCrit, silenced perspectives of populations unaddressed in teacher education for equity, and new disciplinary possibilities of what we mean by justice-oriented applications of theory and practice.
Modular Utilization of Distal cis-Regulatory Elements Controls Ifng Gene Expression in T Cells Activated by Distinct Stimuli
Creators: name: Hatton, Robin D.
name: Weaver, Casey T.
name: Baldwin, Albert S.
name: Shibata, Yoichiro
name: Balasubramani, Anand
name: Crawford, Gregory E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Distal cis-regulatory elements play essential roles in the T lineage-specific expression of cytokine genes. We have mapped interactions of three transacting factors – NF-κB, STAT4 and T-bet – with cis elements in the Ifng locus. We find that RelA is critical for optimal Ifng expression and is differentially recruited to multiple elements contingent upon T cell receptor (TCR) or interleukin-12 (IL-12) plus IL-18 signaling. RelA recruitment to at least four elements is dependent on T-bet-dependent remodeling of the Ifng locus and co-recruitment of STAT4. STAT4 and NF-κB therefore cooperate at multiple cis elements to enable NF-κB–dependent enhancement of Ifng expression. RelA recruitment to distal elements was similar in Th1 and Tc1 effector cells, although T-bet was dispensable in CD8 effectors. These results support a model of Ifng regulation in which distal cis-regulatory elements differentially recruit key transcription factors in a modular fashion to initiate gene transcription induced by distinct activation signals.
An exploration into aphantasia: the inability to form voluntary mental imagery
Creators: name: Pounder, Zoe
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2021

description: Congenital aphantasia is a variation of the human experience, characterised by a life-long inability to generate voluntary mental imagery, and so far, has been examined in the visual domain. In a series of 10 experiments, this thesis took an experimental approach to examine the possible explanations of congenital aphantasia and the nature of the experience in the visual and non-visual domains, using objective measures and matched samples. Chapter 2 examines the findings of the early published studies within larger experimental designs, and the results confirmed self-reported differences in object imagery but not spatial imagery. Chapter 3 investigates whether aphantasia may be associated with differences in personality or deficits in broader cognitive functions. The results showed no evidence of a difference between individuals with aphantasia and neurotypical imagers on personality or selected neuropsychological measures. Aphantasic participants were slower in a task during trials that had greater working memory load, however, individual differences in performance were apparent and four aphantasic subgroups identified. Chapter 4 showed no difference in accuracy or response time in complex visuospatial working memory tasks requiring allocentric and egocentric transformations. However, aphantasic participants exhibited greater variability in their response times for front/back orientations within an egocentric task. In Chapter 5, a task that attempted to isolate ‘visual’ from spatial imagery showed no difference in performance across visual and spatial features. Nevertheless, self-reports of nonvisual sensory imagery showed variability in the range of imagery experience across the other senses. Chapter 6 extended exploration of mental imagery in aphantasia beyond the visual modality by examining behavioural performance in two auditory imagery tasks, in which no differences in accuracy or reaction time were evident. Taken together, this research shows that despite the differences in self-reported experience, limited group differences are found between aphantasic and neurotypical participants on a range of imagery and visuospatial working memory tasks. Nevertheless, individual differences in performance were apparent. Further research should investigate the processes adopted by these subgroups, or whether (or not) individuals with aphantasia have unconscious mental imagery.
An Essential Role of the Transcription Factor GATA-3 for the Function of Regulatory T Cells
Creators: name: Wan, Yisong Y.
name: Su, Maureen A.
name: Wang, Yunqi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Forkhead Box P3 (Foxp3)-expressing regulatory T (Treg) cells are central to maintaining self-tolerance and immune homeostasis. How Treg cell function and Foxp3 expression are regulated is an important question under intensive investigation. Here, we have demonstrated an essential role for the transcription factor GATA-3, a previously recognized Th2 cell master regulator, in controlling Treg cell function. Treg cell-specific GATA-3 deletion led to a spontaneous inflammatory disorder in mice. GATA-3-null Treg cells were defective in peripheral homeostasis and suppressive function, gained Th17 cell phenotypes and expressed reduced amounts of Foxp3. In addition, GATA-3 controlled Foxp3 expression by binding to and promoting the activity of cis-acting elements of Foxp3. Furthermore, the combined function of GATA-3 and Foxp3 was essential for Foxp3 expression. These findings provide insights into immune regulatory mechanisms and uncover a critical function of GATA-3 in Treg cells and immune tolerance.
Bayesian Markov-Switching Tensor Regression for Time-Varying Networks
Creators: name: Billio, Monica
name: Casarin, Roberto
name: Iacopini, Matteo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Modeling time series of multilayer network data is challenging due to the peculiar characteristics of real-world networks, such as sparsity and abrupt structural changes. Moreover, the impact of external factors on the network edges is highly heterogeneous due to edge- and time-specific effects. Capturing all these features results in a very high-dimensional inference problem. A novel tensor-on-tensor regression model is proposed, which integrates zero-inflated logistic regression to deal with the sparsity, and Markov-switching coefficients to account for structural changes. A tensor representation and decomposition of the regression coefficients are used to tackle the high-dimensionality and account for the heterogeneous impact of the covariate tensor across the response variables. The inference is performed following a Bayesian approach, and an efficient Gibbs sampler is developed for posterior approximation. Our methodology applied to financial and email networks detects different connectivity regimes and uncovers the role of covariates in the edge-formation process, which are relevant in risk and resource management. Code is available on GitHub. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
HexSim Genetics Workspace
Creators: name: Schumaker, Nathan H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: HexSim
Landscape Genetics
Conservation Biology
Population Genetics
Evolutionary Ecology

description: This repository consists of a HexSim workspace. HexSim is free to use, and can be obtained from www.hexsim.net. The HexSim workspace stored here was used in the development of an article titled "Adding pattern and process to eco-evo theory and applications", which has been accepted for publication in the journal PLOS ONE. Anyone interested in replicating or extending the study described in this publication may use this HexSim workspace to get started.
Self-gravitating stellar collapse: explicit geodesics and path integration
Creators: name: Balakrishna, Jayashree
name: Bondarescu, Ruxandra
name: Moran, Christine Corbett
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the work of Oppenheimer & Synder to model the gravitational collapse of a star to a black hole by including quantum mechanical effects. We first derive closed-form solutions for classical paths followed by a particle on the surface of the collapsing star in Schwarzschild and Kruskal coordinates for space-like, time-like and light-like geodesics. We next present an application of these paths to model the collapse of ultra-light dark matter particles, which necessitates incorporating quantum effects. To do so we treat a particle on the surface of the star as a wavepacket and integrate over all possible paths taken by the particle. The waveform is computed in Schwarzschild coordinates and found to exhibit an ingoing and an outgoing component, where the former contains the probability of collapse, while the latter contains the probability that the star will disperse. These calculations pave the way for investigating the possibility of quantum collapse that does not lead to black hole formation as well as for exploring the nature of the wavefunction inside r=2M.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
The Urban Character of the Early English Seaside Resort 1700-1847
Creators: name: Brodie, Allan
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2021

description: The submitted publications and this commentary demonstrate a novel approach to a subject that has not been examined in sufficient detail. At the heart of this work is an attempt to understand the places that became seaside resorts. Seven articles and two books combine to discuss early resorts and how their creation relates to the evolution of tourism. The origins of the English seaside resort have been examined in my detailed studies of individual places; however, realising that many were initially ports, my research extended to examine modern-day ports with no apparent historic resort function (Brodie 2011; Brodie 2012b; Brodie 2019a). This revealed forgotten, or rarely recognised, histories of leisure at Liverpool, Portsmouth, Southampton, Plymouth and Swansea (Brodie 2012a; Brodie 2019a). Extensive work has also taken place on the medical background to the proliferation of sea bathing in the 18th century to understand how wider ideas about improving patient health, and the emerging science of chemistry led to growing numbers of people using spas and seaside resorts (Brodie 2015; Brodie 2019b, 27-47).
Locating the source of diffusion in complex networks by time-reversal backward spreading
Creators: name: Shen, Zhesi
name: Cao, Shinan
name: Wang, Wen-Xu
name: Di, Zengru
name: Stanley, H. Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Locating the source that triggers a dynamical process is a fundamental but challenging problem in complex networks, ranging from epidemic spreading in society and on the Internet to cancer metastasis in the human body. An accurate localization of the source is inherently limited by our ability to simultaneously access the information of all nodes in a large-scale complex network. This thus raises two critical questions: how do we locate the source from incomplete information and can we achieve full localization of sources at any possible location from a given set of observable nodes. Here we develop a time-reversal backward spreading algorithm to locate the source of a diffusion-like process efficiently and propose a general locatability condition. We test the algorithm by employing epidemic spreading and consensus dynamics as typical dynamical processes and apply it to the H1N1 pandemic in China. We find that the sources can be precisely located in arbitrary networks insofar as the locatability condition is assured. Our tools greatly improve our ability to locate the source of diffusion in complex networks based on limited accessibility of nodal information. Moreover, they have implications for controlling a variety of dynamical processes taking place on complex networks, such as inhibiting epidemics, slowing the spread of rumors, pollution control and environmental protection.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Congruency to Infinity of M-Posit Numbers
Creators: name: Emmerson, Parker
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Conceptual Mathematics
Sierpinski Pattern
Fractal Geometry
Quantum Field Theory
Computational Physics
Data Structures
Homology
Algebraic Structures
Quantum Mechanics
Finite-Infinite Transition
Symbolic Algebra
Holistic Geometry
Topological Invariants
Infinite-Dimensional Spaces
Graded Symmetry
Quantum Perturbation
Tensor Product
Lie Super Algebras

description: We have been exploring the relationship between a symbol and its component codification, and we also explored some other concepts of numerals, for instance Chaotic Coordinate Numerals. We have also discussed what the energy (topologically speaking) of a number is. Essentially investigating using symbolic patterns what a number is, what can be inferred about order from symbol patterns and now we turn to a new number form based on its shape - the M-posit Number. Essentially, M-posit numbers will be a construction of the congruency method for performing integrals on fractal morphic, topological counting that aligns congruently with the infinity of a oneness that comes from some infinitycalculi geometry notation, the deprogramming zero congruency of Nu sub E and simultaneously aligns with a quantum complex over an iterative differentiation of deprogramming zero matrices. Thus, the shape of an M-posit number is its resulting expression as an iterative pattern as it manipulates quantum complexes in an autonomous way.
NLRX1 Protein Attenuates Inflammatory Responses to Infection by Interfering with the RIG-I-MAVS and TRAF6-NF-κB Signaling Pathways
Creators: name: Gris, Denis
name: Davis, Beckley K.
name: Monroe, Kathryn M.
name: Zimmermann, Albert G.
name: Allen, Irving C.
name: Ranjan, Priya
name: Sambhara, Suryaprakash
name: Scull, Margaret A.
name: Bowzard, John B.
name: Pickles, Raymond J.
name: Lei, Yu
name: Roney, Kelly E.
name: Schneider, Monika
name: Ting, Jenny P.Y.
name: Moore, Chris B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat containing (NLR) proteins regulate innate immunity. Although the positive regulatory impact of NLRs is clear, their inhibitory roles are not well defined. We showed Nlrx1−/− mice exhibited increased expression of antiviral signaling molecules IFN-β, STAT2, OAS1 and IL-6 after influenza virus infection. Consistent with increased inflammation, Nlrx1−/− mice exhibited marked morbidity and histopathology. Infection of these mice with an influenza strain that carries a mutated NS-1 protein, which normally prevents IFN induction by interaction with RNA and the intracellular RNA sensor RIG-I, further exacerbated IL-6 and type I IFN signaling. NLRX1 also weakened cytokine responses to the 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza virus in human cells. Mechanistically, Nlrx1 deletion led to constitutive interaction of MAVS and RIG-I. Additionally, an inhibitory function is identified for NLRX1 during LPS-activation of macrophages where the MAVS-RIG-I pathway was not involved. NLRX1 interacts with TRAF6 and inhibits NF-κB activation. Thus, NLRX1 functions as a checkpoint of overzealous inflammation.