cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The History and Practice of Substantive Due Process: A Question of Legitimacy
Creators: name: Marmaduke, James
Publisher: name: Trento Student Law Review
Year: 2019

description: While the concept of substantive due process can be found in judicial decision-making prior to the Civil War, in the 1960s it became and has remained a lightning rod among the juristic community. Controversy abounds over issues regarding substantive due process ranging from the applicability and reliability of the doctrine to its cogency and legitimacy. Many scholars attribute the skepticism toward the concept of substantive due process to be the result of a paradigm shift in the middle of the 20th century when this concept transitioned from an economic-and-property rights-based approach to one that is dedicated to safeguarding individual liberties. This skepticism is also rooted in concerns about political or legal ideological preferences from the Supreme Court in cases involving individual liberties. Regardless of the genesis of these concerns, any decisions grounded upon substantive due process will likely become the subject of heated controversy. Therefore, it is prudent to explore alternative options that are available to provide a textual anchor for the protection of individual liberties in important civil rights cases. Many legal scholars contend that other options do exist. For example, the Fourteenth Amendment's Privileges or Immunities Clause would, in many cases, permit the Court to reach a verdict equivalent to what would have been possible under substantive due process, but with an additional veneer of legitimacy by cementing the voting public as the locus of power at the expense of further constraining judges. These and other creative alternate approaches may help build consensus in decision making.
description: Trento Student Law Review, V. 1 N. 2 (2019)
„Arkadien" hinter und „Elysium" vor uns? Schillers Weg zur Freiheit über die Schönheit mit historischem Rück- und Vorausblick - Eine Betrachtung mit zwei Jahrhunderten Abstand sowie aus chinesisch-konfuzianischer Sicht
Creators: name: Wei, Yuqing
Publisher: name: Literaturstraße. Chinesisch-deutsche Zeitschrift für Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft
Year: 2017

description: -
description: Literaturstraße. Chinesisch-deutsche Zeitschrift für Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft, Bd. 7 (2006)
title: Στατιστική ανάλυση των κυριότερων τομέων δραστηριότητας του νομού Χανίων
Creators: name: Παπαγεωργίου Νίκος
name: Χρυσίδου Ελένη
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 1995

description: Μη διαθέσιμο
Spatial Heterophily Aware Graph Neural Networks
Creators: name: Xiao, Congxi
name: Zhou, Jingbo
name: Huang, Jizhou
name: Xu, Tong
name: Xiong, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been broadly applied in many urban applications upon formulating a city as an urban graph whose nodes are urban objects like regions or points of interest. Recently, a few enhanced GNN architectures have been developed to tackle heterophily graphs where connected nodes are dissimilar. However, urban graphs usually can be observed to possess a unique spatial heterophily property; that is, the dissimilarity of neighbors at different spatial distances can exhibit great diversity. This property has not been explored, while it often exists. To this end, in this paper, we propose a metric, named Spatial Diversity Score, to quantitatively measure the spatial heterophily and show how it can influence the performance of GNNs. Indeed, our experimental investigation clearly shows that existing heterophilic GNNs are still deficient in handling the urban graph with high spatial diversity score. This, in turn, may degrade their effectiveness in urban applications. Along this line, we propose a Spatial Heterophily Aware Graph Neural Network (SHGNN), to tackle the spatial diversity of heterophily of urban graphs. Based on the key observation that spatially close neighbors on the urban graph present a more similar mode of difference to the central node, we first design a rotation-scaling spatial aggregation module, whose core idea is to properly group the spatially close neighbors and separately process each group with less diversity inside. Then, a heterophily-sensitive spatial interaction module is designed to adaptively capture the commonality and diverse dissimilarity in different spatial groups. Extensive experiments on three real-world urban datasets demonstrate the superiority of our SHGNN over several its competitors.
description: Accepted by KDD 2023
A Generic Framework for Efficient and Effective Subsequence Retrieval
Creators: name: Zhu, Haohan
name: Kollios, George
name: Athitsos, Vassilis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a general framework for matching similar subsequences in both time series and string databases. The matching results are pairs of query subsequences and database subsequences. The framework finds all possible pairs of similar subsequences if the distance measure satisfies the "consistency" property, which is a property introduced in this paper. We show that most popular distance functions, such as the Euclidean distance, DTW, ERP, the Frechet distance for time series, and the Hamming distance and Levenshtein distance for strings, are all "consistent". We also propose a generic index structure for metric spaces named "reference net". The reference net occupies O(n) space, where n is the size of the dataset and is optimized to work well with our framework. The experiments demonstrate the ability of our method to improve retrieval performance when combined with diverse distance measures. The experiments also illustrate that the reference net scales well in terms of space overhead and query time.
description: VLDB2012
Additional file 1 of Identification of anti-citrullinated osteopontin antibodies and increased inflammatory response by enhancement of osteopontin binding to fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis
Creators: name: Umemoto, Akio
name: Kuwada, Takeshi
name: Murata, Koichi
name: Shiokawa, Masahiro
name: Ota, Sakiko
name: Murotani, Yoshiki
name: Itamoto, Akihiro
name: Nishitani, Kohei
name: Yoshitomi, Hiroyuki
name: Fujii, Takayuki
name: Onishi, Akira
name: Onizawa, Hideo
name: Murakami, Kosaku
name: Tanaka, Masao
name: Ito, Hiromu
name: Seno, Hiroshi
name: Morinobu, Akio
name: Matsuda, Shuichi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Fig. 1. Reactivity of autoantigen in sera of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was tested against various recombinant osteopontin. Osteopontin (OPN)_R (R&D, 1433-OP-050) derives from NS0 mouse myeloid cell line. OPN_AC (ACROBiosystems, OPN-H5227) and OPN_AbH (Abcam, ab281819) derive from HEK293 cells. OPN_AbE (Abcam, ab92964) is produced using E. Coli. The result of OPN_R is identical of the upper left OPN result of Fig. 1. Supplementary Fig. 2. Immunoblot analysis of whole-cell lysates using FAK and pFAK antibodies. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) were stimulated with OPN (150 ng/ml) for 0–60 min. Blots show representative data (n=3), and densitometric quantification is shown. Supplementary Fig. 3. Inflammatory response of FLSs by TNF and OPN. FLSs were stimulated with TNF (5 ng/ml) and OPN for 24 h. Data represent the mean ± SEM of three independent donors. Supplementary Fig. 4. Antibody titer in serum of mice immunized with citrullinated osteopontin (cit-OPN). A In the model of DBA/1 mice immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) or cit-OPN and intraperitoneally administered with KBxN serum, the titre of ant-cit-OPN antibodies in serum was confirmed by ELISA. B In SKG mice immunized with ovalbumin or cit-OPN and treated with mannan, serum cit-OPN antibody titre was measured by ELISA. Supplementary Table 1. Sequence of Real-time PCR primers used in this study.
Additional file 8 of CLEC3B as a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in lung cancer and association with the immune microenvironment
Creators: name: Sun, Jiaxing
name: Xie, Tian
name: Jamal, Muhammad
name: Tu, Zhenbo
name: Li, Xinran
name: Wu, Yingjie
name: Li, Jingyuan
name: Zhang, Qiuping
name: Huang, Xiaoxing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 8: Table S5. Enrichment of GO in the CLEC3B low expression group of ADC.
WESE©: A Teaching and Learning Experience on Sustainability
Creators: name: Lugaresi, Nicola
name: Barbasetti Di Prun, Laura
name: Lentini, Gaia
name: Sartori, Emanuele
Publisher: name: Trento Student Law Review
Year: 2019

description: Walk, Experience, Share, and Enjoy. WESE is the acronym of an experimental teaching method. Over six days, twelve students and I walk the Via degli Dei ("Way of the Gods"), crossing the Apennines with our backpacks. This is a course about sustainability, but confined to neither development nor institutional decisions: sustainability, in WESE, also refers to personal choices in everyday life. The goals, therefore, are numerous: introducing students to environmental law (by showing them the environment and its scars), discussing and living sustainability (through group dynamics), rethinking academic relationships and goals (forgetting roles and forming a little, open, community). The article does not aim at providing a short "how-to" guide, even though it shows the path that led to the creation of the method and to its first implementation. It aims at sharing an academic experience that can help in understanding sustainability through a different route, involving not just "skills" but also the ability to connect with others, to live in the territory, and to "feel".
description: Trento Student Law Review, V. 1 N. 2 (2019)
"Taming" Legal Privileges: An Analysis of the U.S. and Italian Law
Creators: name: Loschi, Riccardo
Publisher: name: Trento Student Law Review
Year: 2019

description: Legal privilege guarantees that clients can frankly and openly communicate with their attorneys without running the risk that confidential information is disclosed and used against them. Knowing how to preserve and exercise privilege rights in different jurisdictions is of utmost importance for companies and professionals, especially if operating globally. As demonstrated by recent scandals in the United States and judgments in the European Union, complex privilege issues arise very frequently both in litigation and in the day-to-day business. While legal privilege is recognized in almost every jurisdiction, civil and common law jurisdictions approach and regulate privilege in significantly different ways. This paper compares the legal framework of the United States and Italy through the analysis of case law and decisions. The purpose of this work is twofold: on one hand, to highlight differences and similarities in the U.S. and Italian legal privilege regulation, with a focus on the corporate and cross-border context; on the other, to investigate the different assumptions underlying privilege doctrines, and improve the management of privilege issues in practice.
description: Trento Student Law Review, V. 1 N. 2 (2019)
Additional file 1 of Stem cell laden nano and micro collagen/PLGA bimodal fibrous patches for myocardial regeneration
Creators: name: Wee, Jung Hee
name: Yoo, Ki-Dong
name: Sim, Sung Bo
name: Kim, Hyun Joo
name: Kim, Han Joon
name: Park, Kyu Nam
name: Kim, Gee-Hee
name: Moon, Mi Hyoung
name: You, Su Jung
name: Ha, Mi Yeon
name: Yang, Dae Hyeok
name: Chun, Heung Jae
name: Ko, Jae Hoon
name: Kim, Chun Ho
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 1 of When a joint model should be preferred over a linear mixed model for analysis of longitudinal health-related quality of life data in cancer clinical trials
Creators: name: Touraine, Célia
name: Cuer, Benjamin
name: Conroy, Thierry
name: Juzyna, Beata
name: Gourgou, Sophie
name: Mollevi, Caroline
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Complementary results to Table 1 regarding parameters β0, σ, σ0, σ1, ρ01. Supplementary Table 2. Main results of the JM (assuming a Weibull distribution for the baseline hazard function) fitted to the clinical trial data. Supplementary Table 3. Mean values of the median survival time in the 1000 simulations of the simulation study in each arm and in total. Supplementary Table 4. Complementary results to Table 2 regarding parameter β0, σ, σ0, σ1, ρ01.
title: Ανάπτυξη νευροασαφούς συστήματος ελέγχου (ANFIS) για την μείωση των ταλαντώσεων σε ευφυείς μηχανικές κατασκευές σε περιβάλλον SIMULINK
Creators: name: Παπαχρήστου Ιωάννης
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2010

description: Μη διαθέσιμο
Classically Scale-invariant B-L Model and Dilaton Gravity
Creators: name: Oda, Ichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a coupling of dilaton gravity to the classically scale-invariant B-L extended standard model which has been recently proposed as a phenomenologically viable model realizing the Coleman-Weinberg mechanism of breakdown of the electroweak symmetry. It is shown in the present model that without recourse to the Coleman-Weinberg mechanism, the B-L gauge symmetry is broken in the process of spontaneous symmetry breakdown of scale invariance at the tree level and as a result the B-L gauge field becomes massive via the Higgs mechanism. Since the dimensionful parameter is only the Planck mass in our model, one is forced to pick up very small coupling constants if one wishes to realize the breaking of the B-L symmetry at TeV scale.
description: One section of one-loop effects is added. Version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Die Entstehung der modernen chinesischen Autobiographie und die Autobiographie Goethes Aus meinem Leben. Dichtung und Wahrheit
Creators: name: Hu, Wei
Publisher: name: Literaturstraße. Chinesisch-deutsche Zeitschrift für Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft
Year: 2017

description: -
description: Literaturstraße. Chinesisch-deutsche Zeitschrift für Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft, Bd. 8 (2007)
Defamation Actions as Weapons against Political Speech in Europe
Creators: name: Shoenberger, Allen E.
Publisher: name: Trento Student Law Review
Year: 2019

description: In its 1964 decision, New York Times Co. v. Sullivan, the United States Supreme Court held that, in order for defamation against a public official to be found, "actual malice" had to be established – that is, "that the statement was made ... with knowledge that it was false or with reckless disregard of whether it was false or not". The fairly clear and readily applicabile actual malice standard from Sullivan stands in contrast to the vaguer standards of analysis embodied in the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). This article aims to show certain limitations of that ECtHR jurisprudence by considering some of its most notable decisions. Considering cases of both civil and criminal defamation, it suggests that, had a standard similar to Sullivan been applied, these would have been decided differently, leading to better protection of the freedoms of authors and publishers.
description: Trento Student Law Review, V. 1 N. 2 (2019)
title: Επίλυση προβλήματος δρομολόγησης οχημάτων με τη χρήση του αλγορίθμου περιορισμένης αναζήτησης
Creators: name: Μυλωνάς Ιπποκράτης
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2010

description: Μη διαθέσιμο
Additional file 1 of A scoping review of methods to measure and evaluate citizen engagement in health research
Creators: name: Shahid, Anmol
name: Lalani, Inara N.
name: Rosgen, Brianna K.
name: Sept, Bonnie G.
name: Longmore, Shelly
name: Parsons Leigh, Jeanna
name: Stelfox, Henry T.
name: Fiest, Kirsten M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Item S1. Medline (Ovid) search strategy.
China-Bild im SPIEGEL (2006-2007)
Creators: name: Jia, Wenjian
Publisher: name: Literaturstraße. Chinesisch-deutsche Zeitschrift für Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft
Year: 2017

description: -
description: Literaturstraße. Chinesisch-deutsche Zeitschrift für Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft, Bd. 10 (2009)
The Problem of Reservations to Human Rights Treaties: A New Challenge to the Traditional Concept of International Law
Creators: name: Solaro, Livia
Publisher: name: Trento Student Law Review
Year: 2019

description: This article aims at analyzing the evolution of the debate regarding the issues that arise when States make reservations to human rights treaties, whose ultimate goal is inevitably compromised by any form of limitation to their content. This kind of treaties are in fact meant to protect individuals, while traditional international treaties (as envisaged by the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties) simply regulate the relationships among sovereign States. Through the analysis of the different approaches of several scholars, and in particular in the light of the Human Rights Committee's General Comment No. 24, the article tries to compare the criteria that could be put in place in order to answer to the question of whether reservations should be deemed admissible in the first place, which should be the limitations, and who are the subjects best suited to carry on such evaluations and establish the consequences of invalid reservations.
description: Trento Student Law Review, V. 1 N. 2 (2019)
A new solution of the star-triangle relation
Creators: name: Kels, Andrew. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain a new solution to the star-triangle relation for an Ising-type model with two kinds of spin variables at each lattice site, taking continuous real values and arbitrary integer values, respectively. The Boltzmann weights are manifestly real and positive. They are expressed through the Euler gamma function and depend on sums and differences of spins at the ends of the edge.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure; v2: corrected typos, minor changes and improvements to text
Derivation of a homogenized two-temperature model from the heat equation
Creators: name: Desvillettes, Laurent
name: Golse, François
name: Ricci, Valeria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K05, 35B27, 76T05, (35Q79, 76M50)

description: This work studies the heat equation in a two-phase material with spherical inclusions. Under some appropriate scaling on the size, volume fraction and heat capacity of the inclusions, we derive a coupled system of partial differential equations governing the evolution of the temperature of each phase at a macroscopic level of description. The coupling terms describing the exchange of heat between the phases are obtained by using homogenization techniques originating from [D. Cioranescu, F. Murat: Collège de France Seminar vol. 2. (Paris 1979-1980) Res. Notes in Math. vol. 60, pp. 98-138. Pitman, Boston, London, 1982.]
description: 31 pages, no figures
title: Εφαρμογή μεθόδων αναμόρφωσης σχεδίων στην περιβαλλοντική σύγκριση λαμπτήρων φωτισμού
Creators: name: Γιαταγάνα Μαρία-Παρασκευή
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2010

description: Μη διαθέσιμο
Responsabilità sociale d'impresa nel diritto giapponese
Creators: name: Mazzoleni, Emil
Publisher: name: Trento Student Law Review
Year: 2019

description: Lo scopo di questo lavoro è studiare come la nozione di responsabilità sociale d’impresa possa essere adattata al sistema legale in cui opera; questa ricerca sarà condotta attraverso l'analisi storica di un caso esemplare: il concetto giapponese di responsabilità sociale d'impresa. La mia tesi che propongo è la seguente: il concetto giapponese di responsabilità sociale delle imprese riconcilia la tradizione confuciana delle relazioni sociali con il concetto occidentale di etica imprenditoriale.
description: Trento Student Law Review, V. 1 N. 1 (2019)
title: Πρόβλεψη τάσης των τιμών των μετοχών σε περιόδους χρηματιστηριακών κρίσεων
Creators: name: Πρωτοπαπαδάκης Ευτύχιος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2010

description: Μη διαθέσιμο
Additional file 1 of Cucurbitacins as potential anticancer agents: new insights on molecular mechanisms
Creators: name: Varela, Carla
name: Melim, Catarina
name: Neves, Beatriz G.
name: Sharifi-Rad, Javad
name: Calina, Daniela
name: Mamurova, Assem
name: Cabral, Célia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1. Cucurbitacins chemical characterization: identity, physical and chemical properties, isolation,synthesis of cucurbitacins and their derivatives.
Study of surface potentials using resonant tunneling of cold atoms in optical lattices
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vladyslav V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a feasibility of precision measurements of surface potentials at micrometer distances using resonant tunneling of cold atoms trapped in vertical optical lattices. A modulation of an amplitude of the lattice potential induces atomic tunneling among the lattice sites. The resonant modulation frequency corresponds to a difference of potential energy between latices sites which is defined by external force i.e. gravity. The vicinity of the surface alters the external potentials, and hence the resonant frequency. Application of this method allows accurate study of Casimir-type potentials and improvement of the present experimental validity of the Newtonian gravitational potential at the distance range of 5 - 30 micrometers.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Polymer Translocation Dynamics in the Quasi-Static Limit
Creators: name: Polson, James M.
name: McCaffrey, Anthony C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are used to study the dynamics of polymer translocation through a nanopore in the limit where the translocation rate is sufficiently slow that the polymer maintains a state of conformational quasi-equilibrium. The system is modeled as a flexible hard-sphere chain that translocates through a cylindrical hole in a hard flat wall. In some calculations, the nanopore is connected at one end to a spherical cavity. Translocation times are measured directly using MC dynamics simulations. For sufficiently narrow pores, translocation is sufficiently slow that the mean translocation time scales with polymer length N according to \propto (N-N_p)^2, where N_p is the average number of monomers in the nanopore; this scaling is an indication of a quasi-static regime in which polymer-nanopore friction dominates. We use a multiple-histogram method to calculate the variation of the free energy with Q, a coordinate used to quantify the degree of translocation. The free energy functions are used with the Fokker-Planck formalism to calculate translocation time distributions in the quasi-static regime. These calculations also require a friction coefficient, characterized by a quantity N_{eff}, the effective number of monomers whose dynamics are affected by the confinement of the nanopore. This was determined by fixing the mean of the theoretical distribution to that of the distribution obtained from MC dynamics simulations. The theoretical distributions are in excellent quantitative agreement with the distributions obtained directly by the MC dynamics simulations for physically meaningful values of N_{eff}. The free energy functions for narrow-pore systems exhibit oscillations with an amplitude that is sensitive to the nanopore length. Generally, larger oscillation amplitudes correspond to longer translocation times.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
Politicization of a Future International Investment Tribunal's Appointment and How to Avoid It
Creators: name: Innerebner, Lukas Florian
Publisher: name: Trento Student Law Review
Year: 2019

description: In 1965, the World Bank promoted the Convention on the Settlement of Investment Disputes between States and Nationals of Other States (ICSID Convention) with the aim of filtering any political and diplomatic influence out of international investment disputes. This aim was achieved by lending several features from commercial arbitration. Today, after a successful launch phase of the Convention's mechanism, the benefit of the current investor-state dispute settlement system is de-bated. Lack of legitimacy, interference with the states' right to regulate in the public interest and doubts about the arbitrator's impartiality are some examples of the most frequently voiced concerns. Several different solutions, reaching from an investment court under the CETA for the EU-Canadian disputes to a truly multilateral court available to an open number of states, have been put forward. Most of the suggested roads leading out of the ISDS crisis provide for the establishment of a standing court. Scholars primarily argue that those models bear the risk of re-politicizing the controversies. This essay assesses, based on a comparative approach, whether the concern of re-politicization is justified. For such purpose, it focuses on the areas that are particularly threatened by apossible interference of the states' political powers: the appointment ofthe judges and their independence and impartiality requirements. The outcome of the analysis does not promise well for the future investment court. The experience of other standing courts and tribunals show that a certain degree of political influence cannot be excluded. It would rather seem that the states do not even wish to create a completely depoliticized system. In addition, as this study shows, an investment court could also widen the room for judges to introduce their political beliefs into the decision-making process.
description: Trento Student Law Review, V. 1 N. 1 (2019)
title: Έρευνα αγοράς και ανάλυση προτιμήσεων πελατών: η περίπτωση του καταναλωτικού αλευριού
Creators: name: Κρουσταλακη Ελευθερια
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2014

description: Στην παρούσα εργασία γίνεται εφαρμογή της πολυκριτήριας μεθόδου MUSA+  (MUlticriteria Satisfaction Analysis) σε μία συγκριτική έρευνα ικανοποίησης πελατών στον κλάδο της παραγωγής αλευριού.
Καθώς η ικανοποίηση των πελατών αποτελεί προτεραιότητα για κάθε σύγχρονη επιχείρηση, έχουν αναπτυχθεί διαδικασίες μέτρησης και ανάλυσής της, που στόχο έχουν τον εντοπισμό των αδυναμιών της κάθε εταιρίας και την λήψη διορθωτικών μέτρων που θα επιφέρουν την αύξηση της ικανοποίησης των πελατών της. Ταυτόχρονα εντοπίζονται τα σημεία στα οποία πλεονεκτεί κάθε εταιρία σε σύγκριση με τον ανταγωνισμό. Έτσι δίνεται η δυνατότητα  σε μία επιχείρηση να γίνει πιο ευέλικτη σε αλλαγές και νέες τάσεις που δημιουργούνται από τους ανταγωνιστές.
Στόχος της εργασίας είναι η ανάλυση των πληροφοριών που συλλέγονται μέσω ερωτηματολογίων και αφορούν τις προτιμήσεις των καταναλωτών σχετικά με το καταναλωτικό αλεύρι. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, εξετάζονται οι λόγοι για τους οποίους οι καταναλωτές αγοράζουν ή έχουν σταματήσει να αγοράζουν μία συγκεκριμένη μάρκα, ποιές είναι αυτές οι μάρκες, ποιό είναι το επίπεδο καταναλωτικής αφοσίωσης κάθε μάρκας, καθώς και τί διείσδυση έχουν οι νέοι τύποι αλευριού. Τα συμπεράσματα που εξάγονται είναι σε θέση να δώσουν μια συνολική εικόνα της αγοράς του συγκεκριμένου προϊόντος.
Η μεθοδολογία εκπόνησης της εργασίας βασίζεται σε τρία στάδια. Στο πρώτο στάδιο ορίζονται οι στόχοι της έρευνας, όπως αναφέρονται παραπάνω και πραγματοποιείται μία προκαταρτική έρευνα αγοράς για τον καθορισμό των προϊόντων που θα συμμετάσχουν στην έρευνα, καθώς και ο καθορισμός των διαστάσεων ικανοποίησης. Με βάση τα προηγούμενα σχεδιάζεται κατάλληλο ερωτηματολόγιο και ακολουθεί η διεξαγωγή της έρευνας ικανοποίησης μέσω προσωπικών συνεντεύξεων σε ένα αντιπροσωπευτικό δείγμα πελατών σε super markets της πόλης των Χανίων.
Το δεύτερο στάδιο περιλαμβάνει την στατιστική ανάλυση των αποτελεσμάτων με τη χρήση περιγραφικής στατιστικής, όπως μεθόδων πινακοποίησης των δεδομένων και γραφικής παρουσίασης αυτών. Τα συγκεκριμένα αποτελέσματα είναι σε θέση να δώσουν μια αρχική εικόνα για τις προτιμήσεις των καταναλωτών για κάθε μάρκα και κάθε τύπο αλευριού.
Στο τρίτο στάδιο εφαρμόζεται η πολυκριτήρια μέθοδος MUSA+ με σκοπό τη σύνθεση των προτιμήσεων του συνόλου των πελατών σε μια ποσοτική μαθηματική συνάρτηση αξιών.
Η μέθοδος MUSA + έχει τη δυνατότητα χειρισμού ταυτόχρονα στο ίδιο μαθηματικό μοντέλο δεδομένων ικανοποίησης από διαφορετικές επιχειρήσεις του ίδιου κλάδου. Αυτό δίνει τη δυνατότητα σε μία εταιρεία να εξάγει συμπεράσματα που αφορούν την ικανοποίηση των πελατών σε σχέση με τον ανταγωνισμό. Έτσι, μπορούν να ληφθούν αποφάσεις για τη βελτίωση της ικανοποίησης των πελατών αλλά και της ανταγωνιστικότητας κάθε εταιρείας.
Confirm You Are a Human
Creators: name: Salvesen, Britt
Publisher: name: International Journal for Digital Art History
Year: 2021

description: The “uncanny” and the “uncanny valley” are concepts that address the experience of fascination and fear one experiences upon confronting an entity whose status as living or dead, human or machine, real or unreal, is indeterminate. Visual culture holds important clues about the meanings of the uncanny in modern, postmodern, and posthuman thinking. This essay traces the role of these concepts in art history, focusing especially on the period following 1970, when roboticist Masahiro Mori used the phrase “uncanny valley” to describe the profound discomfort triggered by near-perfect human likeness. Since that time, digital technologies have raised the stakes around aesthetic and philosophical issues of resemblance, realism, and illusion, demanding new ways of thinking about encounters between viewers and uncanny art objects, whether in real or virtual space.
description: International Journal for Digital Art History, No. 6 (2021): Horizons of Mixed Realities
Organic molecules as origin of visible-range single photon emission from hexagonal boron nitride and mica
Creators: name: Neumann, Michael
name: Wei, Xu
name: Morales-Inostroza, Luis
name: Song, Seunghyun
name: Lee, Sung-Gyu
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Götzinger, Stephan
name: Lee, Young Hee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of room-temperature single-photon emitters (SPEs) hosted by two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (2D hBN) has sparked intense research interest. Although emitters in the vicinity of 2 eV have been studied extensively, their microscopic identity has remained elusive. The discussion of this class of SPEs has centered on point defects in the hBN crystal lattice, but none of the candidate defect structures have been able to capture the great heterogeneity in emitter properties that is observed experimentally. Employing a widely used sample preparation protocol but disentangling several confounding factors, we demonstrate conclusively that heterogeneous single-photon emission ~2 eV associated with hBN originates from organic molecules, presumably aromatic fluorophores. The appearance of those SPEs depends critically on the presence of organic processing residues during sample preparation, and emitters formed during heat treatment are not located within the hBN crystal as previously thought, but at the hBN/substrate interface. We further demonstrate that the same class of SPEs can be observed in a different 2D insulator, fluorophlogopite mica.
description: This document is the unedited Author's version of a Submitted Work that was subsequently accepted for publication in ACS Nano, copyright \copyright\ 2023 American Chemical Society after peer review. To access the final edited and published work see https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsnano.3c02348
Only Aggressive Elephants are Fast Elephants
Creators: name: Dittrich, Jens
name: Quiané-Ruiz, Jorge-Arnulfo
name: Richter, Stefan
name: Schuh, Stefan
name: Jindal, Alekh
name: Schad, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Yellow elephants are slow. A major reason is that they consume their inputs entirely before responding to an elephant rider's orders. Some clever riders have trained their yellow elephants to only consume parts of the inputs before responding. However, the teaching time to make an elephant do that is high. So high that the teaching lessons often do not pay off. We take a different approach. We make elephants aggressive; only this will make them very fast. We propose HAIL (Hadoop Aggressive Indexing Library), an enhancement of HDFS and Hadoop MapReduce that dramatically improves runtimes of several classes of MapReduce jobs. HAIL changes the upload pipeline of HDFS in order to create different clustered indexes on each data block replica. An interesting feature of HAIL is that we typically create a win-win situation: we improve both data upload to HDFS and the runtime of the actual Hadoop MapReduce job. In terms of data upload, HAIL improves over HDFS by up to 60% with the default replication factor of three. In terms of query execution, we demonstrate that HAIL runs up to 68x faster than Hadoop. In our experiments, we use six clusters including physical and EC2 clusters of up to 100 nodes. A series of scalability experiments also demonstrates the superiority of HAIL.
description: VLDB2012
Dealing with eye artifacts in EEG preprocessing: Comparing Artifact Rejection and Correction Methods
Creators: name: Gref, Daria
name: Rahman, Rasha Abdel
name: Enge, Alexander
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cognitive Neuroscience
subject: Neuroscience and Neurobiology
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Artifact Correction
subject: EEG
subject: ICA
subject: MSEC
subject: Artifact Rejection

description: This study aims to compare different techniques for reducing the impact of eye artifacts on electroencephalography (EEG) data. Four pipelines will be created, each representing a different approach, and applied to pre-recorded EEG data from 40 participants. The pipelines will be evaluated by comparing the data quality after pre-processing using standardized measurement errors.
Complete damage in linear elastic materials - Modeling, weak formulation and existence results
Creators: name: Heinemann, Christian
name: Kraus, Christiane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K85, 35K55, 49J40, 49S05, 74C10, 35J50, 74A45, 74G25, 34A12

description: In this work, we introduce a degenerating PDE system with a time-depending domain for complete damage processes under time-varying Dirichlet boundary conditions. The evolution of the system is described by a doubly nonlinear differential inclusion for the damage process and a quasi-static balance equation for the displacement field which are strongly nonlinearly coupled. In our proposed model, the material may completely disintegrate which is indispensable for a realistic modeling of damage processes in elastic materials. Complete damage theories lead to several mathematical problems since for instance coercivity properties of the free energy are lost and, therefore, several difficulties arise. For the introduced complete damage model, we propose a classical formulation and a corresponding suitable weak formulation in an $SBV$-framework. The main aim is to prove existence of weak solutions for the introduced degenerating model. In addition, we show that the classical differential inclusion can be regained from the notion of weak solutions under certain regularity assumptions which is a novelty in the theory of complete damage models of this type.
The Phenomenon of Religious Arbitrations in Family Law: Perceptions, Reality and Perspectives for the Future in England and Wales
Creators: name: Felicetti, Angela Maria
Publisher: name: Trento Student Law Review
Year: 2019

description: Every day our increasingly multi-cultural societies experience new manifestations of cultural and religious diversity. The one I wish to address in this paper concerns the practice among members of close religious communities of recurring to religious courts to adjudicate family law disputes according to the principles and laws of their own faith. These decisions issued by religious courts, that are able to affect profoundly the life of the individual, may under certain circumstances become relevant to the legal system. I will refer to the phenomenon as religious or faith-based arbitration and I will argue in favour of its development in line with the theoretical basis provided for by the so-called ‘weak’ legal pluralism. Paragraph 2 of the paper is devoted to review the debate on religious arbitration in England and Wales, considering both its portrait in the press and the major academic studies conducted in the last decade. I will outline how many of the key questions remain unanswered, particularly for what concerns the definition of religious courts and their number on the British territory. I will examine the main points of connection between English family law and religious law, introducing the new trends for ‘out of court’ dispute resolution and specifically IFLA arbitration. Paragraph 3 is focused on arbitration, starting with an overview of the limits that the Arbitration Act 1996 imposes when parties agree on a religious law as the substantial law to be applied on their cases. I will then look in details at religious arbitrations concerning family law disputes, reviewing a recent judgement of the Family Court. I will conclude taking into account two areas where the current framework of arbitration laws, conceived to function in commercial purposes, appears to be inadequate to ensure an adequate protection of the parties.
description: Trento Student Law Review, V. 1 N. 1 (2019)
Restricted Successive Minima
Creators: name: Henk, Martin
name: Thiel, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C07, 11H06

description: We give bounds on the successive minima of an $o$-symmetric convex body under the restriction that the lattice points realizing the successive minima are not contained in a collection of forbidden sublattices. Our investigations extend former results to forbidden full-dimensional lattices, to all successive minima and complement former results in the lower dimensional case.
description: 11 pages, Abstract and Introduction revised in view of new added references
title: Künstliche Intelligenz: Bild und Bias
title: Artificial intelligence: image and bias
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Prautzsch, Hanna
name: Neumann, Marcel
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2025
Subjects: intersectional bias
Intersektionaler Bias
Bilderzeugung
gender bias
Künstliche Intelligenz
General collections
Allgemeine Sammelwerke
Genderbias
Bias in image generation with generative AI
Generative KI
Bias
Gender
Bias in der Bilderzeugung mit generativer KI

description: Bildgenerative KI erzeugt verzerrte, oftmals stereotype Abbildungen von Realität. Warum ist das so und wie kann gegengesteuert werden? In der Präsentation werden die Funktionsweisen von Generative Adversarial Networks und Diffusionsmodellen mit Vorteilen und Problemen bei der Anwendung vorgestellt, Bias in bestehenden Modellen aufgezeigt und auf Strategien zur Vermeidung von Bias eingegangen. Dabei liegt ein Fokus auf der Erzeugung geschlechtergerechten Bildmaterials, wobei auch intersektionale Momente berücksichtigt werden. 

Die Präsentation ist Begleitmaterial zur Folge 13 im Podcast KI in der Lehre zu Bias in bildgenerativer KI:
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLLmr_XhQwwKNAuJLA8bpNUHv0QiGvvs1v
The Effect of Host Star Spectral Energy Distribution and Ice-Albedo Feedback on the Climate of Extrasolar Planets
Creators: name: Shields, Aomawa L.
name: Meadows, Victoria S.
name: Bitz, Cecilia M.
name: Pierrehumbert, Raymond T.
name: Joshi, Manoj M.
name: Robinson, Tyler D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planetary climate can be affected by the interaction of the host star spectral energy distribution with the wavelength-dependent reflectivity of ice and snow. Here we explore this effect using a one dimensional (1-D), line-by-line, radiative-transfer model to calculate broadband planetary albedos as input to a seasonally varying, 1-D energy-balance climate model. A three-dimensional general circulation model is also used to explore the atmosphere's response to changes in incoming stellar radiation, or instellation, and surface albedo. Using this hierarchy of models we simulate planets covered by ocean, land, and water ice of varying grain size, with incident radiation from stars of different spectral types. Terrestrial planets orbiting stars with higher near-UV radiation exhibit a stronger ice-albedo feedback. We find that ice-covered conditions occur on an F-dwarf planet with only a 2% reduction in instellation relative to the present instellation on Earth, assuming fixed CO2 (present atmospheric level on Earth). A similar planet orbiting the Sun at an equivalent flux distance requires an 8% reduction in instellation, while a planet orbiting an M-dwarf star requires an additional 19% reduction in instellation to become ice-covered, equivalent to 73% of the modern solar constant. The surface ice-albedo feedback effect becomes less important at the outer edge of the habitable zone, where atmospheric CO2 can be expected to be high in order to maintain clement conditions for surface liquid water. We show that 3-10 bars of CO2 will entirely mask the climatic effect of ice and snow, leaving the outer limits of the habitable zone unaffected by the spectral dependence of water ice and snow albedo. However, less CO2 is needed to maintain open water for a planet orbiting an M-dwarf star, than would be the case for hotter main-sequence stars.
description: 63 pages, 2 tables, 20 figures; accepted for publication in Astrobiology
On the compatibility of a flux transport dynamo with a fast tachocline scenario
Creators: name: Karak, Bidya Binay
name: Petrovay, Kristof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The compatibility of the fast tachocline scenario with a flux transport dynamo model is explored. We employ a flux transport dynamo model coupled with simple feedback formulae relating the thickness of the tachocline to the amplitude of the magnetic field or to the Maxwell stress. The dynamo model is found to be robust against the nonlinearity introduced by this simplified fast tachocline mechanism. Solar-like butterfly diagrams are found to persist and, even without any parameter fitting, the overall thickness of the tachocline is well within the range admitted by helioseismic constraints. In the most realistic case of a time and latitude dependent tachocline thickness linked to the value of the Maxwell stress, both the thickness and its latitude dependence are in excellent agreement with seismic results. In the nonparametric models, cycle related temporal variations in tachocline thickness are somewhat larger than admitted by helioseismic constraints; we find, however, that introducing a further parameter into our feedback formula readily allows further fine tuning of the thickness variations.
description: Accepted in Solar Physics
The Benefits of Investing in Low-Profit Limited Liability Companies by Not-for-profit Organization
Creators: name: Avdeev, Valeriya
name: Wong, Hannah
Publisher: name: Trento Student Law Review
Year: 2019

description: A Low-Profit Limited Liability Company, or an L3C, is a dynamic entity that statutorily combines such competing characteristics as a social purpose and profit generation. Although not all states have statues allowing the creation of L3Cs, the entity has proven to be quite popular, especially in the non-for-profit and social enterprise arenas. Presently, there are about 1,000 of L3Cs in operation in the United States.1 This article discusses L3C entities which were specifically designed to increase the number of program-related investments that private foundations make to such social-purpose businesses.
description: Trento Student Law Review, V. 1 N. 1 (2019)