cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Coastal Foraminiferal Assemblages along the southern coast of Oman: A biogeographic stepping stone for benthic foraminifera?
Creators: name: Trubin, Yaroslav S.
name: Kamoun, Mohamed
name: Langer, Martin R.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
The shallow water ecosystems of Oman are subject to intense seasonal upwelling and unlike many other oligotrophic tropical areas, are impacted by strong, seasonal nutrient-rich eutrophic conditions. The environmental conditions provide a setting for presumably unique foraminiferal faunal assemblages, but despite intensive research on tropical foraminifera, detailed studies on coastal foraminifera have not yet been conducted. Situated at a key position between the high-diversity Coral Triangle and the tropical Red Sea/eastern African coast, the coastal waters of Oman act both as a biogeographic steppingstone but also as a nutrient-rich and cold-water barrier for benthic foraminifera migrating from the east to west. Upwelling zones have a deep impact on coastal areas, displace oligotrophic water masses and influence the settlement of highly diverse tropical coral reef and foraminiferal faunal communities. We have examined foraminiferal assemblages from extremely shallow but diverse habitats along the southern coast of Oman to document their composition, diversity and habitat preferences. To place the Oman assemblages in a biogeographic context and to assess the role of the Oman area as potential steppingstone, we compare the foraminiferal fauna to assemblages from the Maldives, the Chagos Islands, the Coral Triangle and the Red Sea/eastern African faunal province.
Numerical simulations of an incompressible piezoviscous fluid flowing in a plane slider bearing
Creators: name: Lanzendörfer, M.
name: Málek, J.
name: Rajagopal, K. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76A05, 76A20, 76D08, 76D99

description: We provide numerical simulations of an incompressible pressure-thickening and shear-thinning lubricant flowing in a plane slider bearing. We study the influence of several parameters, namely the ratio of the characteristic lengths $\varepsilon>0$ (with $\varepsilon\searrow0$ representing the Reynolds lubrication approximation); the coefficient of the exponential pressure--viscosity relation $α^*\geq0$; the parameter $G^*\geq0$ related to the Carreau--Yasuda shear-thinning model and the modified Reynolds number $\mathrm{Re}_\varepsilon\geq0$. The finite element approximations to the steady isothermal flows are computed without resorting to the lubrication approximation. We obtain the numerical solutions as long as the variation of the viscous stress $\mathbf{S}=2η(p,\mathrm{tr}\mathbf{D}^2)\mathbf{D}$ with the pressure is limited, say $|\partial\mathbf{S}/\partial p|\leq1$. We show conclusively that the existing practice of avoiding the numerical difficulties by cutting the viscosity off for large pressures leads to results that depend sorely on the artificial cut-off parameter. We observe that the piezoviscous rheology generates pressure differences across the fluid film.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures and plots, for colour print. Only minor revisions from the first arXiv version
Primordial black holes from single field models of inflation
Creators: name: Garcia-Bellido, Juan
name: Morales, Ester Ruiz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Primordial black holes (PBH) have been shown to arise from high peaks in the matter power spectra of multi-field models of inflation. Here we show, with a simple toy model, that it is also possible to generate a peak in the curvature power spectrum of single-field inflation. We assume that the effective dynamics of the inflaton field presents a near-inflection point which slows down the field right before the end of inflation and gives rise to a prominent spike in the fluctuation power spectrum at scales much smaller than those probed by Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and Large Scale Structure (LSS) observations. This peak will give rise, upon reentry during the radiation era, to PBH via gravitational collapse. The mass and abundance of these PBH is such that they could constitute the totality of the Dark Matter today. We satisfy all CMB and LSS constraints and predict a very broad range of PBH masses. Some of these PBH are light enough that they will evaporate before structure formation, leaving behind a large curvature fluctuation on small scales. This broad mass distribution of PBH as Dark Matter will be tested in the future by AdvLIGO and LISA interferometers.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures. Matches version published in PDU
ความคงตัวของสีและการเกิดออกซิเดชั่นของเนื้อระหว่างการเก็บเย็นจากไก่เนื้อที่ได้รับการเสริมผลมังเคร่ในน้ำดื่ม
Creators: name: อุมาพร แพทย์ศาสตร์
Publisher: name: คณะเทคโนโลยีการเกษตร มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคาม
Year: 2022
Subjects: เนื้อไก่
ความคงตัวของสี
ออกซิเดชั่น
มังเคร่
ความสามารถในการต้านอนุมูลอิสระการ
Broilers meat
Color stability
Oxidation
Melastoma malabathricum
Antioxidant capacity

description: วารสารเกษตรพระวรุณ, 19, 2, 114-119
Solving Spin Glasses with Optimized Trees of Clustered Spins
Creators: name: Hen, Itay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an algorithm for the optimization and thermal equilibration of spin glasses - or more generally, cost functions of the Ising form $H=\sum_{\langle i j\rangle} J_{ij} s_i s_j + \sum_i h_i s_i$, defined on graphs with arbitrary connectivity. The algorithm consists of two repeated steps: i) the optimized construction of a random tree of spin clusters on the input problem graph, and ii) the thermal sampling of the generated tree. The randomly generated trees are constructed so as to optimize a balance between the size of the tree and the complexity required to draw Boltzmann samples from it. We benchmark the algorithm on several classes of problems and demonstrate its advantages over existing approaches.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
title: GFZ Data Services – A domain repository for geosciences data
Creators: name: Ott, Florian
name: Elger, Kirsten
name: Frenzel, Simone
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
GFZ Data Services is a domain repository for geosciences data comprising the Earth, Space and Environmental Sciences. It assigns digital object identifier (DOI) to data and scientific software since 2004. Hosted at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), the repository has a focus on the curation of long-tail data by domain scientists on one hand, but also provides DOI minting services for several global monitoring networks/observatories in geodesy and geophysics and collaborative projects. Furthermore, as Allocating Agent for the International Generic Sample Number (IGSN), the globally unique persistent identifier for physical samples, GFZ is providing IGSN minting services for physical samples.

GFZ Data Services increases the interoperability of long-tail data through (1) the provision of comprehensive domain-specific data description via standardised and machine-readable metadata with controlled domain vocabularies. Metadata is (2) complemeted with comprehensive and standardised technical data descriptions or reports; and (3) by embedding the research data in wider context by providing cross-references through Persistent Identifiers (DOI, IGSN, ORCID, Fundref) to related research products (text, data, software) and people or institutions involved.

In addition to the task as a research data publisher, GFZ Data Services is the central node for research data management at the GFZ with information on metadata, data formats, the data publication workflow, FAQ, links to different versions of our metadata editor and downloadable data description templates. Specific data publication guidance is complemented by more general information on data management, like a data management roadmap for PhD students.
Multi-modal Extreme Classification
Creators: name: Mittal, Anshul
name: Dahiya, Kunal
name: Malani, Shreya
name: Ramaswamy, Janani
name: Kuruvilla, Seba
name: Ajmera, Jitendra
name: Chang, Keng-hao
name: Agarwal, Sumeet
name: Kar, Purushottam
name: Varma, Manik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.3

description: This paper develops the MUFIN technique for extreme classification (XC) tasks with millions of labels where datapoints and labels are endowed with visual and textual descriptors. Applications of MUFIN to product-to-product recommendation and bid query prediction over several millions of products are presented. Contemporary multi-modal methods frequently rely on purely embedding-based methods. On the other hand, XC methods utilize classifier architectures to offer superior accuracies than embedding only methods but mostly focus on text-based categorization tasks. MUFIN bridges this gap by reformulating multi-modal categorization as an XC problem with several millions of labels. This presents the twin challenges of developing multi-modal architectures that can offer embeddings sufficiently expressive to allow accurate categorization over millions of labels; and training and inference routines that scale logarithmically in the number of labels. MUFIN develops an architecture based on cross-modal attention and trains it in a modular fashion using pre-training and positive and negative mining. A novel product-to-product recommendation dataset MM-AmazonTitles-300K containing over 300K products was curated from publicly available amazon.com listings with each product endowed with a title and multiple images. On the all datasets MUFIN offered at least 3% higher accuracy than leading text-based, image-based and multi-modal techniques. Code for MUFIN is available at https://github.com/Extreme-classification/MUFIN
Unitary dynamics of strongly-interacting Bose gases with time-dependent variational Monte Carlo in continuous space
Creators: name: Carleo, Giuseppe
name: Cevolani, Lorenzo
name: Sanchez-Palencia, Laurent
name: Holzmann, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce time-dependent variational Monte Carlo for continuous-space Bose gases. Our approach is based on the systematic expansion of the many-body wave-function in terms of multi-body correlations and is essentially exact up to adaptive truncation. The method is benchmarked by comparison to exact Bethe-ansatz or existing numerical results for the integrable Lieb-Liniger model. We first show that the many-body wave-function achieves high precision for ground-state properties, including energy and first-order as well as second-order correlation functions. Then, we study the out-of-equilibrium, unitary dynamics induced by a quantum quench in the interaction strength. Our time-dependent variational Monte Carlo results are benchmarked by comparison to exact Bethe ansatz results available for a small number of particles, and also compared to quench action results available for non-interacting initial states. Moreover, our approach allows us to study large particle numbers and general quench protocols, previously inaccessible beyond the mean-field level. Our results suggest that it is possible to find correlated initial states for which the long-term dynamics of local density fluctuations is close to the predictions of a simple Boltzmann ensemble.
The implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on South African food security
Creators: name: Manduna, Kennedy
Publisher: name: The International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture and Food
Year: 2023

description: This paper explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on South Africa’s food security, as there is a yawning scholarly gap in this nascent area. In 2020, about 23.6% of South Africans experienced moderate to severe food insecurity, while 14.9% experienced severe food insecurity. Therefore, by applying the United Nations’ Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES), this paper classifies victims of food insecurity into two groups: those who experienced moderate to severe food insecurity, and those who experienced severe food insecurity. To put the impact of this insecurity into perspective, I simultaneously present and discuss the country’s food insecurity pre-pandemic and during the pandemic. Therefore, this desktop-based paper answers the following research question: How has the COVID-19 pandemic worsened the food insecurity crisis in South Africa, and what practical and resilient measures should the South African government adopt and implement to ensure sustainable food security? Findings have established that the pandemic and the measures implemented to contain it exacerbated pre-existing economic vulnerabilities and exposure among poor South Africans, particularly Black Africans. The pandemic-triggered hunger and food insecurity was thus racialised, gendered and regionalised, pointing to the structural inequalities that have characterised South Africa since colonialism and apartheid to the present day. Therefore, for sustainable and resilient food security and sovereignty, this paper recommends that Africa in general and South Africa in particular take a paradigmatic turn by designing an effective food insecurity crisis contingency plan. Doing this requires implementing a ‘Do-it-Yourself Africa’ approach in food production and distribution.
description: The International Journal of Sociology of Agriculture and Food, Vol. 29 No. 1 (2023): Regular Issue
British Gallup Poll CQ 580
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Government approval (1); James Callaghan performance (1); Margaret Thatcher performance (1); Daniel Steel performance (1); party support (1); last general election (2); urgent problems (2); party to handle problems (1); next general election (2); party with best policies (1); party with best leaders (1); political parties (4); U.S. opinion (4); banks (42); carpeting (2); London visit (14).
Searches for new physics at the Hyper-Kamiokande experiment
Creators: name: Kelly, Kevin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ability of the upcoming Hyper-Kamiokande (Hyper-K) neutrino experiment to detect new physics phenomena beyond the standard, three-massive-neutrinos paradigm; namely the existence of a fourth, sterile neutrino or weaker-than-weak, non-standard neutrino interactions. With both beam-based neutrinos from the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) and atmospheric neutrinos, Hyper-K is capable of exploring new ranges of parameter space in these new-physics scenarios. We find that Hyper-K has comparable capability to the upcoming Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), and that combining both beam- and atmospheric-based data can clear up degeneracies in the parameter spaces of interest. We also comment on the potential improvement in searches for new physics if a combined analysis were performed using Hyper-K and DUNE data.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures. Minor changes to results; matches published version
Accelerated Distributed Dual Averaging over Evolving Networks of Growing Connectivity
Creators: name: Liu, Sijia
name: Chen, Pin-Yu
name: Hero, Alfred O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of accelerating distributed optimization in multi-agent networks by sequentially adding edges. Specifically, we extend the distributed dual averaging (DDA) subgradient algorithm to evolving networks of growing connectivity and analyze the corresponding improvement in convergence rate. It is known that the convergence rate of DDA is influenced by the algebraic connectivity of the underlying network, where better connectivity leads to faster convergence. However, the impact of network topology design on the convergence rate of DDA has not been fully understood. In this paper, we begin by designing network topologies via edge selection and scheduling. For edge selection, we determine the best set of candidate edges that achieves the optimal tradeoff between the growth of network connectivity and the usage of network resources. The dynamics of network evolution is then incurred by edge scheduling. Further, we provide a tractable approach to analyze the improvement in the convergence rate of DDA induced by the growth of network connectivity. Our analysis reveals the connection between network topology design and the convergence rate of DDA, and provides quantitative evaluation of DDA acceleration for distributed optimization that is absent in the existing analysis. Lastly, numerical experiments show that DDA can be significantly accelerated using a sequence of well-designed networks, and our theoretical predictions are well matched to its empirical convergence behavior.
title: Geochemistry and Petrology of Ultramafic Rocks from the Troodos Ophiolite, Cyprus: New Perspectives on the Evolution of Boninitic Melts
Creators: name: Hellers, Max
name: Kleinschrodt, Reiner
name: Hasenstab, Eric
name: Wombacher, Frank
name: Pakulla, Josua
name: Münker, Carsten
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
The Troodos Ophiolite Complex in Cyprus consists of Neotethyan oceanic crust that formed above a subduction zone in a so-called suprasubduction zone setting (SSZ). In this geological environment, fluids from the subducting slab induce melting and metasomatism within the mantle wedge. Such processes are required for the formation of characteristic lithologies like boninites that are often associated with back-arc lavas.Because of the low incompatible element abundances of SSZ mantle rocks and the associated analytical difficulties, previous geochemical analyses mainly focused on igneous rock suites of these ophiolites. Here, we used quadrupole ICP-MS to provide a complete trace element dataset for mantle harzburgites and pyroxenites from the western part of the Troodos mantle section. It confirms that the harzburgites are highly depleted up to 30 times more depleted than the primitive mantle. Both harzburgites and pyroxenites display U-shaped trace element patterns typical for SSZ settings, caused by the refertilization of depleted mantle with fluid mobile elements. Our data confirm previous assumptions about the highly refractory nature of the above-mentioned mantle region, which likely represents the mantle source for the Troodos boninite melts. Additionally, mineral microanalyses by EPMA reveal a link between ultramafic cumulates that precipitated from boninitic melts (Shen et al. (2020), Lithos) and pyroxenite veins in the sampled mantle section. We therefore propose a multi-stage model for the boninitic melts that includes 1) reactions of the percolating melt with the mantle peridotite, 2) the formation of ultramafic cumulates near the MOHO and 3) the eruption of the boninitic lavas.
Navier slip model of drag reduction by Leidenfrost vapour layers
Creators: name: Berry, Joseph D
name: Vakarelski, Ivan U.
name: Chan, Derek Y. C.
name: Thoroddsen, Sigurdur T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments found that a hot solid sphere that is able to sustain a stable Leidenfrost vapour layer in a liquid exhibits significant drag reduction during free fall. The variation of the drag coefficient with Reynolds number shows substantial deviation from the characteristic drag crisis behavior at high Reynolds numbers. Results obtained with liqiuds of different viscosities show that onset of the drag crisis depends on the viscosity ratio of the vapor to the liquid. The key feature of the vapour layer in facilitating tangential flow and in altering the behaviour of the boundary layer can be captured by the Navier slip model that is defined by a slip length. Here, direct numerical and large eddy simulations of flow past a sphere at moderate to high Reynolds numbers ($10^2 \leq \mbox{Re} \leq 4 \times 10^4$) are employed to quantify comparisons with experimental results in terms of variations of the drag coefficient with Reynolds number and the form of the downstream wake on the sphere. This provides a simple one parameter characterization of the drag reduction phenomenon.
Fermi-Bose mixture in mixed dimensions
Creators: name: Caracanhas, M. A.
name: Schreck, F.
name: Smith, C. Morais
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the challenging goals in the studies of many-body physics with ultracold atoms is the creation of a topological $p_{x} + ip_{y}$ superfluid for identical fermions in two dimensions (2D). The expectations of reaching the critical temperature $T_c$ through p-wave Feshbach resonance in spin-polarized fermionic gases have soon faded away because on approaching the resonance, the system becomes unstable due to inelastic-collision processes. Here, we consider an alternative scenario in which a single-component degenerate gas of fermions in 2D is paired via phonon-mediated interactions provided by a 3D BEC background. Within the weak-coupling regime, we calculate the critical temperature $T_c$ for the fermionic pair formation, using Bethe-Salpeter formalism, and show that it is significantly boosted by higher-order diagramatic terms, such as phonon dressing and vertex corrections. We describe in detail an experimental scheme to implement our proposal, and show that the long-sought p-wave superfluid is at reach with state-of-the-art experiments.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables and supplementary material
Scaling Theory of Entanglement at the Many-Body Localization Transition
Creators: name: Dumitrescu, Philipp T.
name: Vasseur, Romain
name: Potter, Andrew C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the universal properties of eigenstate entanglement entropy across the transition between many-body localized (MBL) and thermal phases. We develop an improved real space renormalization group approach that enables numerical simulation of large system sizes and systematic extrapolation to the infinite system size limit. For systems smaller than the correlation length, the average entanglement follows a sub-thermal volume law, whose coefficient is a universal scaling function. Furthermore, the full distribution of entanglement follows a universal scaling form, and exhibits a bimodal structure that produces universal subleading power-law corrections to the leading volume-law. For systems larger than the correlation length, the short interval entanglement exhibits a discontinuous jump across the transition from fully thermal volume-law on the thermal side, to a pure area-law on the MBL side.
description: 6+3 pages, 5+4 figures; v2. new appendix on matrix element renormalization, as published
Topological semimetals with double-helix nodal link
Creators: name: Chen, Wei
name: Lu, Hai-Zhou
name: Hou, Jing-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological nodal line semimetals are characterized by the crossing of the conduction and valence bands along one or more closed loops in the Brillouin zone. Usually, these loops are either isolated or touch each other at some highly symmetric points. Here, we introduce a new kind of nodal line semimetal, that contains a pair of linked nodal loops. A concrete two-band model was constructed, which supports a pair of nodal lines with a double-helix structure, which can be further twisted into a Hopf link because of the periodicity of the Brillouin zone. The nodal lines are stabilized by the combined spatial inversion $\mathcal{P}$ and time reversal $\mathcal{T}$ symmetry; the individual $\mathcal{P}$ and $\mathcal{T}$ symmetries must be broken. The band exhibits nontrivial topology that each nodal loop carries a $π$ Berry flux. Surface flat bands emerge at the open boundary and are exactly encircled by the projection of the nodal lines on the surface Brillouin zone. The experimental implementation of our model using cold atoms in optical lattices is discussed.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures. The title is changed, the main text and Supplemental Material are updated
Spline functions, the discrete biharmonic operator and approximate eigenvalues
Creators: name: Ben-Artzi, Matania
name: Katriel, Guy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34L16, 34B24, 41A15, 65L10

description: The biharmonic operator plays a central role in a wide array of physical models, notably in elasticity theory and the streamfunction formulation of the Navier-Stokes equations. The need for corresponding numerical simulations has led, in recent years, to the development of a discrete biharmonic calculus. The primary object of this calculus is a high-order compact discrete biharmonic operator (DBO). The numerical results have been remarkably accurate, and have been corroborated by some rigorous proofs. However, there remained the "mystery" of the "underlying reason" for this success. This paper is a contribution in this direction, expounding the strong connection between cubic spline functions (on an interval) and the DBO. It is shown in particular that the (scaled) fourth-order distributional derivative of the cubic spline is identical to the action of the DBO on grid functions. The DBO is constructed in terms of the discrete Hermitian derivative. A remarkable fact is that the kernel of the inverse of the discrete operator is (up to scaling) equal to the grid evaluation of the kernel of $\Big[\Big(\frac{d}{dx}\Big)^4\Big]^{-1} .$ Explicit expressions are presented for both kernels. The relation between the (infinite) set of eigenvalues of the fourth-order Sturm-Liouville problem and the finite set of eigenvalues of the discrete biharmonic operator is studied, and the discrete eigenvalues are proved to converge (at an "optimal" $O(h^4)$ rate) to the continuous ones. Another remarkable consequence is the validity of a comparison principle. It is well known that there is no maximum principle for the fourth-order equation. However, a positivity result is derived, both for the continuous and the discrete biharmonic equation, showing that in both cases the kernels are order preserving.
RGAT: A Deeper Look into Syntactic Dependency Information for Coreference Resolution
Creators: name: Meng, Yuan
name: Pan, Xuhao
name: Chang, Jun
name: Wang, Yue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 14J60 (Primary) 14F05, 14J26 (Secondary)

description: Although syntactic information is beneficial for many NLP tasks, combining it with contextual information between words to solve the coreference resolution problem needs to be further explored. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end parser that combines pre-trained BERT with a Syntactic Relation Graph Attention Network (RGAT) to take a deeper look into the role of syntactic dependency information for the coreference resolution task. In particular, the RGAT model is first proposed, then used to understand the syntactic dependency graph and learn better task-specific syntactic embeddings. An integrated architecture incorporating BERT embeddings and syntactic embeddings is constructed to generate blending representations for the downstream task. Our experiments on a public Gendered Ambiguous Pronouns (GAP) dataset show that with the supervision learning of the syntactic dependency graph and without fine-tuning the entire BERT, we increased the F1-score of the previous best model (RGCN-with-BERT) from 80.3% to 82.5%, compared to the F1-score by single BERT embeddings from 78.5% to 82.5%. Experimental results on another public dataset - OntoNotes 5.0 demonstrate that the performance of the model is also improved by incorporating syntactic dependency information learned from RGAT.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Adaptive high-order splitting schemes for large-scale differential Riccati equations
Creators: name: Stillfjord, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A24, 49N10, 65L05, 93A15

description: We consider high-order splitting schemes for large-scale differential Riccati equations. Such equations arise in many different areas and are especially important within the field of optimal control. In the large-scale case, it is critical to employ structural properties of the matrix-valued solution, or the computational cost and storage requirements become infeasible. Our main contribution is therefore to formulate these high-order splitting schemes in a efficient way by utilizing a low-rank factorization. Previous results indicated that this was impossible for methods of order higher than 2, but our new approach overcomes these difficulties. In addition, we demonstrate that the proposed methods contain natural embedded error estimates. These may be used e.g. for time step adaptivity, and our numerical experiments in this direction show promising results.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures
Intersection Types for the lambda-mu Calculus
Creators: name: van Bakel, Steffen
name: Barbanera, Franco
name: de'Liguoro, Ugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4; F.4.1

description: We introduce an intersection type system for the lambda-mu calculus that is invariant under subject reduction and expansion. The system is obtained by describing Streicher and Reus's denotational model of continuations in the category of omega-algebraic lattices via Abramsky's domain-logic approach. This provides at the same time an interpretation of the type system and a proof of the completeness of the system with respect to the continuation models by means of a filter model construction. We then define a restriction of our system, such that a lambda-mu term is typeable if and only if it is strongly normalising. We also show that Parigot's typing of lambda-mu terms with classically valid propositional formulas can be translated into the restricted system, which then provides an alternative proof of strong normalisability for the typed lambda-mu calculus.
On the origins of national identity. German nation-building after Napoleon☆
Creators: name: Kersting, Felix
name: Wolf, Nikolaus
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: National identity
subject: Prussia
subject: Germany
subject: First names
subject: Nation-building
subject: 943 Deutschland und benachbarte mitteleuropäische Länder

description: What are the origins of national identity? We investigate the success of propaganda as one the first nation-building policies conducted in the German lands around 1815. To elicit identity changes at the level of individuals we use data on first names across German cities and villages. To validate the approach of using first names, we show that soldiers with national names had a higher likelihood to be honored for bravery during the German-French War. Exploiting unanticipated border changes together with variation within the same families over time, i.e., family fixed effects, we find that parents in treated cities responded by choosing national (rather than ruler) first names for their children. We do not find a corresponding increase in villages suggesting that national identity was more prevalent among the urban population, in particular the elite, during this period.
Linear Speedup of Incremental Aggregated Gradient Methods on Streaming Data
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaolu
name: Jin, Cheng
name: Wai, Hoi-To
name: Gu, Yuantao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper considers a type of incremental aggregated gradient (IAG) method for large-scale distributed optimization. The IAG method is well suited for the parameter server architecture as the latter can easily aggregate potentially staled gradients contributed by workers. Although the convergence of IAG in the case of deterministic gradient is well known, there are only a few results for the case of its stochastic variant based on streaming data. Considering strongly convex optimization, this paper shows that the streaming IAG method achieves linear speedup when the workers are updating frequently enough, even if the data sample distribution across workers are heterogeneous. We show that the expected squared distance to optimal solution decays at O((1+T)/(nt)), where $n$ is the number of workers, t is the iteration number, and T/n is the update frequency of workers. Our analysis involves careful treatments of the conditional expectations with staled gradients and a recursive system with both delayed and noise terms, which are new to the analysis of IAG-type algorithms. Numerical results are presented to verify our findings.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
SMASH - Survey of the MAgellanic Stellar History
Creators: name: Nidever, David L.
name: Olsen, Knut
name: Walker, Alistair R.
name: Vivas, A. Katherina
name: Blum, Robert D.
name: Kaleida, Catherine
name: Choi, Yumi
name: Conn, Blair C.
name: Gruendl, Robert A.
name: Bell, Eric F.
name: Besla, Gurtina
name: Munoz, Ricardo R.
name: Gallart, Carme
name: Martin, Nicolas F.
name: Olszewski, Edward W.
name: Saha, Abhijit
name: Monachesi, Antonela
name: Monelli, Matteo
name: de Boer, Thomas J. L.
name: Johnson, L. Clifton
name: Zaritsky, Dennis
name: Stringfellow, Guy S.
name: van der Marel, Roeland P.
name: Cioni, Maria-Rosa L.
name: Jin, Shoko
name: Majewski, Steven R.
name: Martinez-Delgado, David
name: Monteagudo, Lara
name: Noel, Noelia E. D.
name: Bernard, Edouardo J.
name: Kunder, Andrea
name: Chu, You-Hua
name: Bell, Cameron P. M.
name: Santana, Felipe
name: Frechem, Joshua
name: Medina, Gustavo E.
name: Parkash, Vaishali
name: Seron, Jacqueline
name: Hayes, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC) are unique local laboratories for studying the formation and evolution of small galaxies in exquisite detail. The Survey of the MAgellanic Stellar History (SMASH) is an NOAO community DECam survey of the Clouds mapping 480 square degrees (distributed over ~2400 square degrees at ~20% filling factor) to ~24th mag in ugriz with the goal of identifying broadly distributed, low surface brightness stellar populations associated with the stellar halos and tidal debris of the Clouds. SMASH will also derive spatially-resolved star formation histories covering all ages out to large radii from the MCs that will further complement our understanding of their formation. Here, we present a summary of the survey, its data reduction, and a description of the first public Data Release (DR1). The SMASH DECam data have been reduced with a combination of the NOAO Community Pipeline, PHOTRED, an automated PSF photometry pipeline based mainly on the DAOPHOT suite, and custom calibration software. The attained astrometric precision is ~15 mas and the accuracy is ~2 mas with respect to the Gaia DR1 astrometric reference frame. The photometric precision is ~0.5-0.7% in griz and ~1% in u with a calibration accuracy of ~1.3% in all bands. The median 5 sigma point source depths in ugriz bands are 23.9, 24.8, 24.5, 24.2, 23.5 mag. The SMASH data already have been used to discover the Hydra II Milky Way satellite, the SMASH 1 old globular cluster likely associated with the LMC, and very extended stellar populations around the LMC out to R~18.4 kpc. SMASH DR1 contains measurements of ~100 million objects distributed in 61 fields. A prototype version of the NOAO Data Lab provides data access, including a data discovery tool, SMASH database access, an image cutout service, and a Jupyter notebook server with example notebooks for exploratory analysis.
description: 23 pages, 12 figures. Revised and slightly reorganized based on referee's comments. Accepted for publication in AJ
Exploration of the sulfur removal mechanism of diphenyl sulfone loaded on activated carbon during Fe-assisted pyrolysis
Creators: name: Wang, Xuexia
name: Xia, Wencheng
name: Peng, Yaoli
name: Xie, Guangyuan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biophysics
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Iron-assisted pyrolysis (Fe-assisted pyrolysis) is a high-efficiency technique to remove sulfur from low-rank coal. However, the sulfur removal mechanism of Fe-assisted pyrolysis did not compressively address. For filling this gap, this study explored the sulfur removal mechanism of diphenyl sulfone during Fe-assisted pyrolysis based on the factor optimization of desulfurization performance. The iron powder under the optimal conditions of Fe-assisted pyrolysis was characterized with X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), showing that FeS and some FeS2 were formed on the surface of post-pyrolysis iron powder. Gas chromatography (GC) analysis manifested that the addition of iron powder in the pyrolysis process could considerably reduce the SO2 emission. GC and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) analyses demonstrated that there was C–S bond broken in the diphenyl sulfone structure during Fe-assisted pyrolysis. From the results of thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry (TG-MS), the addition of iron powder in the pyrolysis process could enhance the reaction rate and reduce the temperature required for the reaction. We believe that the results of the present study provided a theoretical basis for a profound understanding of the desulfurization mechanism of Fe-assisted pyrolysis.
title: What does the temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility tell us about the depositional history of Lake Bosumtwi (Ghana)?
Creators: name: Vinnepand, Mathias
name: Zeeden, Christian
name: Asante, Thomas
name: Kaboth-Bahr, Stefanie
name: Gosling, William
name: Kück, Jochem
name: Wonigk, Thomas
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Lacustrine archives may provide valuable point-data for studying past climatic and environmental changes. Lake Bosumtwi (Ghana) is of special interest as it recorded such oscillations throughout the last 1.07 million years in a potential key region of human evolution during this period. The prominent climatic- and environmental sensitivity of this geo-archive can be explained by its location on the interface of competing climate agents such as the Hamattan (hot and dusty winds from the Sahara) and the North African Monsoon both being dependent on the Intertropical Convergence Zone. These impacts may translate into diverse and complex ways regarding geo-scientific proxy data. In this context, the temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility k(T) is promising to reflect magnetic-mineralogical changes that may indicate oscillating climatic and diagenetic effects and dust input. To better constrain the effects of all potential affecting parameters, we test a multivariate approach on the last glacial part of Lake Bosumtwi that integrates k(T), the room temperature magnetic susceptibility, its frequency dependency and gamma ray logs. This approach is promising to increase our understanding of all parameters and their interdependency. Thus, we aim to shed new light on the relationship between k(T) and the depositional history of Lake Bosumtwi.
Assembly Bias and Splashback in Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Busch, Philipp
name: White, Simon D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use publicly available data for the Millennium Simulation to explore the implications of the recent detection of assembly bias and splashback signatures in a large sample of galaxy clusters. These were identified in the SDSS/DR8 photometric data by the redMaPPer algorithm and split into high- and low-concentration subsamples based on the projected positions of cluster members. We use simplified versions of these procedures to build cluster samples of similar size from the simulation data. These match the observed samples quite well and show similar assembly bias and splashback signals. Previous theoretical work has found the logarithmic slope of halo density profiles to have a well-defined minimum whose depth decreases and whose radius increases with halo concentration. Projected profiles for the observed and simulated cluster samples show trends with concentration which are opposite to these predictions. In addition, for high-concentration clusters the minimum slope occurs at significantly smaller radius than predicted. We show that these discrepancies all reflect confusion between splashback features and features imposed on the profiles by the cluster identification and concentration estimation procedures. The strong apparent assembly bias is not reflected in the three-dimensional distribution of matter around clusters. Rather it is a consequence of the preferential contamination of low-concentration clusters by foreground or background groups.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables, accepted version
On the Capacity of Generalized Quadrature Spatial Modulation
Creators: name: Yukiyoshi, Kein
name: Ishikawa, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this letter, the average mutual information (AMI) of generalized quadrature spatial modulation (GQSM) is first derived for continuous-input continuous-output channels. Our mathematical analysis shows that the calculation error induced by Monte Carlo integration increases exponentially with the signal-to-noise ratio. This nature of GQSM is resolved by deriving a closed-form expression. The derived AMI is compared with other related SM schemes and evaluated for different antenna activation patterns. Our results show that an equiprobable antenna selection method slightly decreases AMI of symbols, while the method significantly improves AMI in total.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
An ultraweak DPG method for viscoelastic fluids
Creators: name: Keith, Brendan
name: Knechtges, Philipp
name: Roberts, Nathan V.
name: Elgeti, Stefanie
name: Behr, Marek
name: Demkowicz, Leszek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76A10, 76M10, 65N30

description: We explore a vexing benchmark problem for viscoelastic fluid flows with the discontinuous Petrov-Galerkin (DPG) finite element method of Demkowicz and Gopalakrishnan [1,2]. In our analysis, we develop an intrinsic a posteriori error indicator which we use for adaptive mesh generation. The DPG method is useful for the problem we consider because the method is inherently stable---requiring no stabilization of the linearized discretization in order to handle the advective terms in the model. Because stabilization is a pressing issue in these models, this happens to become a very useful property of the method which simplifies our analysis. This built-in stability at all length scales and the a posteriori error indicator additionally allows for the generation of parameter-specific meshes starting from a common coarse initial mesh. A DPG discretization always produces a symmetric positive definite stiffness matrix. This feature allows us to use the most efficient direct solvers for all of our computations. We use the Camellia finite element software package [3,4] for all of our analysis.
description: 20 pages, 18 figures, 6 tables
A Working Memory Study of Refreshing and Removing
Creators: name: Campuzano, Elena Chacón
name: Gomariz, Miriam Tortajada
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Cognitive Neuroscience
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Neuroscience and Neurobiology
subject: Removal
subject: WM Updating
subject: Working Memory
subject: Refreshing
subject: Directed forgetting
subject: Selection

description: The current work tries to address the topic of whether removing and selecting information from VWM are independent processes. To do that, we will use a direct-forgetting paradigm where visual items already encoded within WM will be signed as to-be-removed or as to-be-remembered, respectively and the cue-target interval will be manipulated to study the time course in both conditions.
How tightly is nuclear symmetry energy constrained by unitary Fermi gas?
Creators: name: Zhang, Nai-Bo
name: Cai, Bao-Jun
name: Li, Bao-An
name: Newton, William G.
name: Xu, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine critically how tightly the density dependence of nuclear symmetry energy \esym is constrained by the universal equation of state (EOS) of the unitary Fermi gas $E_{\rm{UG}}(ρ)$ considering currently known uncertainties of higher order parameters describing the density dependence of the Equation of State of isospin-asymmetric nuclear matter. We found that $E_{\rm{UG}}(ρ)$ does provide a useful lower boundary for the \esym. However, it does not tightly constrain the correlation between the magnitude $E_{\rm{sym}}(ρ_0)$ and slope $L$ unless the curvature $K_{\rm{sym}}$ of the symmetry energy at saturation density $ρ_0$ is more precisely known. The large uncertainty in the skewness parameters affects the $E_{\rm{sym}}(ρ_0)$ versus $L$ correlation by the same almost as significantly as the uncertainty in $K_{\rm{sym}}$.
description: Published version