cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Hamiltonian dynamics of Lagrangian transport and mixing in the ocean
Creators: name: Budyansky, M. V.
name: Uleysky, M. Yu.
name: Prants, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Methods of dynamical system's theory are used for numerical study of transport and mixing of passive particles (water masses, temperature, salinity, pollutants, etc.) in simple kinematic ocean models composed with the main Eulerian coherent structures in a randomly fluctuating ocean -- a jet-like current and an eddy. Advection of passive tracers in a periodically-driven flow consisting of a background stream and an eddy (the model inspired by the phenomenon of topographic eddies over mountains in the ocean and atmosphere) is analyzed as an example of chaotic particle's scattering and transport. A numerical analysis reveals a nonattracting chaotic invariant set $Λ$ that determines scattering and trapping of particles from the incoming flow. It is shown that both the trapping time for particles in the mixing region and the number of times their trajectories wind around the vortex have hierarchical fractal structure as functions of the initial particle's coordinates. Scattering functions are singular on a Cantor set of initial conditions, and this property should manifest itself by strong fluctuations of quantities measured in experiments. The Lagrangian structures in our numerical experiments are shown to be similar to those found in a recent laboratory dye experiment at Woods Hole. Transport and mixing of passive particles is studied in the kinematic model inspired by the interaction of a jet current (like the Gulf Stream or the Kuroshio) with an eddy in a noisy environment. We demonstrate a non-trivial phenomenon of noise-induced clustering of passive particles and propose a method to find such clusters in numerical experiments. These clusters are patches of advected particles which can move together in a random velocity field for comparatively long time.
THE WINE MARKET IN JAPAN: MARKET COMPETITION AMONG EXPORTING COUNTRIES AND THE STRATEGY OF US WINE
Creators: name: Arahata, Katsumi
name: Arahata, Katsumi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: wine consumption
subject: compatibility of foods with wine
subject: price elasticity
subject: income elasticity
subject: influence of recession

description: The purpose of this paper is to examine the structure of wine consumption in the Japanese market, focusing on the consumption in households. Considering various tendencies of Japanese eating and drinking habits nowadays related to wine consumption, the model was built and empirically estimated. The data to be investigated was household's data from the past twenty-seven years of official statistics. It was found that Japanese households show high income elasticity for wine demand. The strategy to prioritize department store distribution was demonstrated to be effective due to the fact that wine consumption in the high income class is steadily high, while the sensitivity to income and compatibility of foods is higher in middle income classes. However, the result that compatibility of foods with wine is influential suggests the necessity to revise the strategy. The facts that Japanese in general accept to taste wine although there are some cultural barriers such as incompatibility of foods with wine should be considered in the strategy.
Additional file 1 of A randomised controlled trial of feedback to improve patient satisfaction and consultation skills in medical students
Creators: name: Lai, Michelle M. Y.
name: Roberts, Noel
name: Mohammadreza Mohebbi
name: Jenepher Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Magnetic oxide semiconductors
Creators: name: Fukumura, T.
name: Toyosaki, H.
name: Yamada, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic oxide semiconductors, oxide semiconductors doped with transition metal elements, are one of the candidates for a high Curie temperature ferromagnetic semiconductor that is important to realize semiconductor spintronics at room temperature. We review in this paper recent progress of researches on various magnetic oxide semiconductors. The magnetization, magneto-optical effect, and magneto-transport such as anomalous Hall effect are examined from viewpoint of feasibility to evaluate the ferromagnetism. The ferromagnetism of Co-doped TiO2 and transition metal-doped ZnO is discussed.
description: 26 pages, 5 tables, 6 figures
DIMINISHING MARGINAL VALUE
Creators: name: Horowitz, John K.
name: List, John A.
name: McConnell, Kenneth E.
name: Horowitz, John K.
name: List, John A.
name: McConnell, Kenneth E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The notion of diminishing marginal value has had a profound impact on the development of neoclassical theory. Early neoclassical scholars had considerable difficulty convincing contemporaries of the new paradigm's value until political economists, including Jevons and Walras, used the critical assumption of diminishing marginal value to link utility and demand. While diminishing marginal value remains a key component of modern economic intuition, there is surprisingly little empirical verification of its existence or level. This paper gathers field data across a myriad of subject pools--from undergraduate students to PTA members to sportscard enthusiasts--to examine several aspects of preferences in both price and exchange institutions. Examining behavior of nearly 900 subjects across several treatments, we find strong evidence of diminishing marginal value.
Asteroseismology of the Beta Cephei star Nu Eridani: photometric observations and pulsational frequency analysis
Creators: name: Handler, G.
name: Shobbrook, R. R.
name: Jerzykiewicz, M.
name: Krisciunas, K.
name: Tshenye, T.
name: Rodriguez, E.
name: Costa, V.
name: Zhou, A. -Y.
name: Medupe, R.
name: Phorah, W. M.
name: Garrido, R.
name: Amado, P. J.
name: Paparo, M.
name: Zsuffa, D.
name: Ramokgali, L.
name: Crowe, R.
name: Purves, N.
name: Avila, R.
name: Knight, R.
name: Brassfield, E.
name: Kilmartin, P. M.
name: Cottrell, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We undertook a multisite photometric campaign for the Beta Cephei star Nu Eridani. More than 600 hours of differential photoelectric uvyV photometry were obtained with 11 telescopes during 148 clear nights. The frequency analysis of our measurements shows that the variability of Nu Eri can be decomposed into 23 sinusoidal components, eight of which correspond to independent pulsation frequencies between 5 - 8 c/d. Some of these are arranged in multiplets, which suggests rotational m-mode splitting of nonradial pulsation modes as the cause. If so, the rotation period of the star must be between 30 - 60 d. One of the signals in the light curves of Nu Eri has a very low frequency of 0.432 c/d. It can be a high-order combination frequency or, more likely, an independent pulsation mode. In the latter case Nu Eri would be both a Beta Cephei star and a slowly pulsating B (SPB) star. The photometric amplitudes of the individual pulsation modes of Nu Eri appear to have increased by about 20 per cent over the last 40 years. So do the amplitudes of the dominant combination frequencies of the star. Among the latter, we only could identify sum frequencies with certainty, not difference frequencies, which suggests that neither light-curve distortion in its simplest form nor resonant mode coupling are their single cause. One of our comparison stars, Mu Eridani, turned out to be variable with a dominant time scale of 1.62 d. We believe that it is either an SPB star just leaving its instability strip or that its variations are of rotational origin.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
PARENTS AS PUBLIC GOODS: THEORY AND EVIDENCE FROM RURAL CHINA
Creators: name: De Brauw, Alan
name: De Brauw, Alan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: This paper attempts to explain why some elderly in rural China live alone in relative poverty while others live with their children and are relatively well-off. It develops a theoretical model of intergenerational transfers specific to rural China and tests among competing hypotheses using cross-sectional data collected in 2000.
Scale as a Transaction Cost Variable in the U.S. Biopower Industry
Creators: name: Altman, Ira J.
name: Klein, Peter G.
name: Johnson, Thomas G.
name: Altman, Ira J.
name: Klein, Peter G.
name: Johnson, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: With increasing interest in renewable energy from agriculture, including biopower and cellulose ethanol, several aspects of the industry must be understood. Study of the organization of the biopower industry represents an under researched area and a new application of transaction cost theory to an emerging industry. Refinement of the theory can also result from challenging applications. This article provides an application of transaction cost economics to the existing United States biopower industry while challenging the empirical convention of excluding production cost variables from transaction cost analysis. Utilizing survey data from 53 biopower generators, scale is modeled as a transaction cost variable in explaining the choice of organizational from. Consistent with transaction cost theory, the probability of observing internal organization is found to be negatively correlated to scale. Given this evidence, this article reconsiders the impact of scale and transaction costs on the choice of organizational from.
Newtonian mechanics of neutron superfluid in elastic star crust
Creators: name: Carter, Brandon
name: Chachoua, Elie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To account for pulsar frequency glitches, it is necessary to use a neutron star crust model allowing not only for neutron superfluidity but also for elastic solidity. These features have been treated separarately in previous treatments of crust matter, but are combined here in a unified treatment that is based on the use of a Lagrangian master functon, so that the coherence the system is ensured by the relevant Noether identities. As well as the model obtained directly from the variation principle, the same master function can provide other conservative alternatives, allowing in particular for the effect of perfect vortex pinning. It is also shown how such models can be generalised to allow for dissipative effects, including that of imperfect pinning, meaning vortex drag or creep.
description: 31 pages Latex
Do Consumers Really Use Food Labels?
Creators: name: Ward, Ronald W.
name: Jauregui, Carlos E.
name: Ward, Ronald W.
name: Jauregui, Carlos E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: Ordered Probit models are used to estimate the probabilities of consumers reading food labels for harmful ingredients and for using labels to assist with food purchasing decisions. Demographics, health concerns, attitudes, and eating habits are shown to influence the likelihood of using food labels. Effects from over 25 variables are ranked in terms of their relative impacts on the use of food labels. Dieting, concerns about calories, foreign foods, and many other variable effects on the use of food labels are shown.
Non-Abelian Conversion and Quantization of Non-scalar Second-Class Constraints
Creators: name: Batalin, Igor
name: Grigoriev, Maxim
name: Lyakhovich, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a general method for deformation quantization of any second-class constrained system on a symplectic manifold. The constraints determining an arbitrary constraint surface are in general defined only locally and can be components of a section of a non-trivial vector bundle over the phase-space manifold. The covariance of the construction with respect to the change of the constraint basis is provided by introducing a connection in the ``constraint bundle'', which becomes a key ingredient of the conversion procedure for the non-scalar constraints. Unlike in the case of scalar second-class constraints, no Abelian conversion is possible in general. Within the BRST framework, a systematic procedure is worked out for converting non-scalar second-class constraints into non-Abelian first-class ones. The BRST-extended system is quantized, yielding an explicitly covariant quantization of the original system. An important feature of second-class systems with non-scalar constraints is that the appropriately generalized Dirac bracket satisfies the Jacobi identity only on the constraint surface. At the quantum level, this results in a weakly associative star-product on the phase space.
description: LaTeX, 21 pages
An Analysis of Federal LandBank Borrowers
Creators: name: Ibendahl, Gregory A.
name: Ibendahl, Gregory A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: This paper uses Federal LandBank Data to examine loan characteristics and farm financial characteristics. Given that farm financial characteristics and loan interest rates can change, this paper examines if current farm financial characteristics can predict the current loan interest rate. In addition, this paper tests to see if farm profitability can be predicted using two debt financial characteristics. Results indicate that interest rates and profitability are not very predicatable based on current farm financials information once the loan progresses.
ANOMALIES IN VOTING: AN EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS USING A NEW, DEMAND REVEALING (RANDOM PRICE VOTING) MECHANISM
Creators: name: Messer, Kent D.
name: Poe, Gregory L.
name: Rondeau, Daniel
name: Schulze, William D.
name: Vossler, Christian A.
name: Messer, Kent D.
name: Poe, Gregory L.
name: Rondeau, Daniel
name: Schulze, William D.
name: Vossler, Christian A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: This study investigates the influence of social preferences on voting decisions using a new Random Price Voting Mechanism (RPVM), which is best thought of as a public goods voting extension of the Becker-DeGroot-Marshack mechanism for private goods. In particular, this mechanism is used to investigate experimentally whether voting decisions are affected by the distribution of net benefits associated with a proposed public program. Recent papers have shown that, in additional to selfishness, factors such as inequality aversion, maximin preferences, and efficiency may influence individual decisions. However, the effect of social preferences on voting, the predominant funding mechanism for public goods by legislatures and public referenda, has not been thoroughly examined. We first establish the presence of anomalous behavior in dichotomous voting, and introduce the RPVM as a more efficient mechanism to examine such anomalies. We show that it is demand revealing in the presence of social preferences and empirically consistent with dichotomous choice voting. Laboratory experiments involving 440 subjects show that when net benefits are homogeneously distributed, the new RPVM is demand-revealing in both willingness-to-pay (WTP) and willingness-to-accept (WTA) settings, for both gains and losses. When the voting outcome potentially results in a heterogeneous distribution of (net) benefits, a systematic wedge appears between individuals' controlled induced values and their revealed WTP or WTA. With induced gains, the best-off subjects under-report their WTP and WTA in comparison to their induced value. Worst-off subjects express WTP and WTA that exceed their induced value. With induced losses a mirror image is evident. Best-off subjects over-report their induced value while the worst-off subjects under-report. Theoretical and econometric results presented in the paper suggest that these differences are caused by a concern for social efficiency.
Kahle, Wilhelm, Die Begegnung des baltischen Protestantismus mit der russisch-orthodoxen Kirche
Creators: name: Rautenfeld, Harald Von
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 9 Nr. 2 (1960): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 9, Heft 2
Corrosion of refractories in lead smelting reactors
Creators: name: Wei, Lingxuan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Corrosion of refractories by slag is a complex phenomenon which, depending on the particular system, involves many processes, such as chemical wear (corrosion) and physical or mechanical wear (erosion), which may act synergistically. No single model can explain all cases of corrosion nor can it explain all corrosion mechanisms of a particular refractory in different environments, but the knowledge of the microstructure combined with the chemistry of the systems are necessary to understand the corrosion mechanism of a refractory material. There is no systematic study on the corrosion of refractories used in lead smelting reactors (KIVCET furnace and TBRC) in literature so far. In the present work, the available literature concerning corrosion of refractories in lead-smelting reactors was reviewed. By using different analytical methods such as sessile drop technique, SEM/EDS and XRD, the interfacial phenomena at the slag-refractory interfaces were investigated, and microstructural studies on different refractory specimens were carried out. It was observed that above 1150° C, the KIVCET slag tends to separate into two phases: a liquid and a solid. The liquid mainly consists of SiO₂, CaO and PbO, while the solid primarily contained Fe₂O₃ and ZnO in the form of zinc ferrite (ZnFe₂O₄) spinel. It was proposed that ZnO from the KIVCET slag could also react with Cr₂0₃ and Fe₂0₃ from the magnesite-chrome brick and reacted slag to form spinel-type phases: zinc chromite (ZnCr₂0₄) and zinc ferrite (ZnFe₂O₄) respectively. The volume changes accompanying these reactions could lead to microcracks in the matrix of the brick, and eventually cause the failure of the brick. Laboratory evaluation of the corrosion behavior of various refractory materials against industrial slags from KIVCET and TBRC furnaces was performed using both dynamic and static corrosion tests. The corrosion rating on nine different magnesite-chrome bricks was estimated, and the possible corrosion mechanism was discussed. It was found that the rebonded fused grain type of magnesite-chrome bricks have superior performance compared with direct bonded type when used in contact with KIVCET slag and the alumina-chromia bricks performed better than magnesite-chrome bricks under similar conditions.
Additional file 1 of DNA polymerase stalling at structured DNA constrains the expansion of short tandem repeats
Creators: name: Murat, Pierre
name: Guilbaud, Guillaume
name: Sale, Julian E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Information comprising: Figure S1. Primer extension assay quality controls. Figure S2. The kinetics of DNA synthesis highlights structure-dependent transient and persistent stalling events. Figure S3. Supervised machine learning approach to structure prediction from DNA polymerase stalling events. Figure S4. Inferring STR structures from DNA polymerase stalling events. Figure S5. Validation of predicted STR structures. Figure S6. The DNA polymerase remodels STRs during DNA synthesis. Figure S7. Identification of sequence variants within the pool of newly synthesised DNA molecules. Figure S8. STR structures impact the frequency and nature of expansion/contraction events. Figure S9. STR structures impact the frequency and nature of nucleotide substitution events. Figure S10. Structure-dependent nucleotide substitution preferences. Figure S11. DNA polymerase stalling at DNA structures predicts abundance and length of STRs in the human genome. Figure S12. DNA polymerase stalling at DNA structures predicts abundance and length of STRs in eukaryotic genomes. Figure S13. DNA polymerase stalling at DNA structures predicts STR stability in the human genome. Figure S14. Structured STRs are prone to sequence variation in the human genome. Table S1. Oligonucleotides used for the validation of STR structures by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
An Objective Measure of Quality for Time-Scale Modification of Audio
Creators: name: Roberts, Timothy
name: Paliwal, Kuldip K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Objective evaluation of audio processed with Time-Scale Modification (TSM) remains an open problem. Recently, a dataset of time-scaled audio with subjective quality labels was published and used to create an initial objective measure of quality. In this paper, an improved objective measure of quality for time-scaled audio is proposed. The measure uses hand-crafted features and a fully connected network to predict subjective mean opinion scores. Basic and Advanced Perceptual Evaluation of Audio Quality features are used in addition to nine features specific to TSM artefacts. Six methods of alignment are explored, with interpolation of the reference magnitude spectrum to the length of the test magnitude spectrum giving the best performance. The proposed measure achieves a mean Root Mean Squared Error of 0.487 and a mean Pearson correlation of 0.865, equivalent to 98th and 82nd percentiles of subjective sessions respectively. The proposed measure is used to evaluate time-scale modification algorithms, finding that Elastique gives the highest objective quality for Solo instrument and voice signals, while the Identity Phase-Locking Phase Vocoder gives the highest objective quality for music signals and the best overall quality. The objective measure is available at https://www.github.com/zygurt/TSM.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, Submitted to The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Currently under review
Whightman function and scalar Casimir densities for a wedge with a cylindrical boundary
Creators: name: Saharian, A. A.
name: Tarloyan, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Whightman function, vacuum expectation values of the field square, and the energy-momentum tensor are investigated for a scalar field inside a wedge with and without a coaxial cylindrical boundary. Dirichlet boundary conditions are assumed on the bounding surfaces. The vacuum energy-momentum tensor is evaluated in the general case of the curvature coupling parameter. Making use of a variant of the generalized Abel-Plana formula, expectation values are presented as the sum of two terms. The first one corresponds to the geometry without a cylindrical boundary and the second one is induced by the presence of this boundary. The asymptotic behaviour of the field square, vacuum energy density and stresses near the boundaries are investigated. The additional vacuum forces acting on the wedge sides due the presence of the cylindrical boundary are evaluated and it is shown that these forces are attractive. As a limiting case, the geometry of two parallel plates perpendicularly intersected by a third one is analyzed.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, new section is added on the VEVs for the region outside the cylidrical shell, discussion and references added, accepted for publication in J. Phys. A
Participation in the Conservation Reserve Program and Off-Farm Work: Implications for Farm and Farm Household Productivity
Creators: name: Chang, Hung-Hao
name: Boisvert, Richard N.
name: Chang, Hung-Hao
name: Boisvert, Richard N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Farm Management

description: Using a national survey of U.S farm households, we investigate the interrelationship between participation in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) and the decision to work off the farm. We go on examine the effects of these two decisions on farm and farm household efficiency and productivity by estimating stochastic frontier productions for farm output and multiple output-orientated distance functions that consider income from agricultural sales, the CRP and off-farm work as outputs of the farm household. We control for the effects of self selection in estimating both the frontier production and distance functions. It appears that operators' decisions to work off the farm have led to significant improvements in household resource allocation between farm and other productive activities by farm households -- leading to high technical efficiency for both farm and farm household activities. In contract, participation in the CRP alone leads to the reduction of the technical efficiency and productivity on farm as well as on combined household activities.
Flux Quantization and the M-Theoretic Characters
Creators: name: Sati, Hisham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In a previous work, hep-th/0501245, we introduced characters and classes built out of the M-theory four-form and the Pontrjagin classes, which we used to express the Chern-Simons and the one-loop terms in a way that makes the topological structures behind them more transparent. In this paper we further investigate such classes and the corresponding candidate generalized cohomology theories. In particular, we study the flux quantization conditions that arise in this context.
description: 13 pages, typos corrected. To appear in Nucl.Phys.B
Additional file 3 of DNA polymerase stalling at structured DNA constrains the expansion of short tandem repeats
Creators: name: Murat, Pierre
name: Guilbaud, Guillaume
name: Sale, Julian E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. Review history.
Toward Next Generation Solar Coronagraph: Diagnostic Coronagraph Experiment
Creators: name: Cho, K. -S.
name: Yang, H.
name: Lee, J. -O.
name: Bong, S. -C.
name: Kim, J.
name: Choi, S.
name: Park, J. -Y.
name: Cho, K. -H.
name: Baek, J. -H.
name: Kim, Y. -H.
name: Park, Y. -D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI) has been developing a next-generation coronagraph (NGC) in cooperation with NASA to measure the coronal electron density, temperature, and speed simultaneously using four different filters around 400 nm. KASI organized an expedition team to demonstrate the coronagraph measurement scheme and the instrumental technology through the 2017 total solar eclipse (TSE) across the USA. The observation site was in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, USA. We built an eclipse observation system, so-called Diagnostic Coronal Experiment (DICE), which is composed of two identical telescopes to improve a signal to noise ratio. The observation was conducted with 4 wavelengths and 3 linear polarization directions according to the planned schedule in a limited total eclipse time of about 140 seconds. Polarization information of corona from the data was successfully obtained but we were not able to obtain global information of coronal electron temperature and speed in the corona due to a low signal-to-noise ratio of the optical system and a strong emission from the prominence located in the western limb. In this study, we report the development of DICE and observation results from the eclipse expedition. TSE observation and analysis by using our own developed instrument gave an important lesson that a coronagraph should be carefully designed to achieve the scientific purpose of this study. And it was a very useful experience in the way for the success of follow-up NASA-KASI joint missions called the Balloon-borne Investigation of the Temperature and Speed of Electrons in the Corona (BITSE) and COronal Diagnostic EXperiment (CODEX).
description: Accepted
Sub-therapeutic Antibiotics and Productivity in U.S. Hog Production
Creators: name: McBride, William D.
name: Key, Nigel D.
name: Mathews, Kenneth H.
name: McBride, William D.
name: Key, Nigel D.
name: Mathews, Kenneth H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Antimicrobial drugs are fed to hogs at sub-therapeutic levels to prevent disease and promote growth. However, there is concern that the presence of antimicrobial drugs in hog feed is a factor promoting the development of antimicrobial drug-resistant bacteria. This study uses a sample-selection model to examine the impact that use has on the productivity of U.S. hog operations. The analysis did not find a relationship between productivity and sub-therapeutic antibiotics fed during finishing, but productivity was significantly improved when fed to nursery pigs. Restrictions on feeding antimicrobial drugs during the nursery phase would likely impose significant economic costs on U.S. hog producers.
Additional file 2 of Natural Diversity in Stomatal Features of Cultivated and Wild Oryza Species
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Jolly
name: Thakur, Vivek
name: Nepomuceno, Robert
name: Coe, Robert A.
name: Dionora, Jacqueline
name: Elmido-Mabilangan, Abigail
name: Llave, Abraham Darius
name: Reyes, Anna Mae Delos
name: Monroy, Apollo Neil
name: Canicosa, Irma
name: Anindya Bandyopadhyay
name: Kshirod K. Jena
name: Brar, Darshan S.
name: Quick, William Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Stomatal number, length, width and area in Oryza family. Table S2. Stomatal structural diversity in different Oryza complexes. Table S3. Diversity in guard cell length (GCL) and guard cell width (GCW) in rice family. Table S4. Guard cell diversity (%) in different Oryza complexes. Table S5. Abaxial and adaxial stomatal conductance (gmax), and carbon isotope discrimination (Δ13C) values in rice family. Table S6. Diversity in stomatal function in different Oryza complexes. Table S7. Accessory traits: Inter-stomatal distance, epidermal cell length (EPL) and width (EPW). Table S8. Leaf morphological traits, vein characters and total stomata. Table S9. Phylogenetic signal in stomatal traits.
Environmental Dependence of the Structure of Brightest Cluster Galaxies
Creators: name: Brough, S.
name: Collins, C.
name: Burke, D.
name: Lynam, P.
name: Mann, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the Petrosian structural properties of 33 brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) at redshifts z<0.1 in X-ray selected clusters with a wide range of X-ray luminosities. We find that some BCGs show distinct signatures in their Petrosian profiles, likely to be due to cD haloes. We also find that BCGs in high X-ray luminosity clusters have shallower surface brightness profiles than those in low X-ray luminosity clusters. This suggests that the BCGs in high X-ray luminosity clusters have undergone up to twice as many equal-mass mergers in their past as those in low X-ray luminosity clusters. This is qualitatively consistent with the predictions of hierarchical structure formation.
description: 11 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS
CONTRACT DESIGN FOR IMPROVING MEMBERSHIP COMMITMENT IN FRENCH COOPERATIVES
Creators: name: Duvaleix, Sabine
name: Cordier, Jean
name: Hovelaque, Vincent
name: Duvaleix, Sabine
name: Cordier, Jean
name: Hovelaque, Vincent
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Market deregulation and growing membership heterogeneity affect the relationship between cooperatives and their members. We study, using a quantitative model, how French marketing cooperatives can develop for their members a set of contracts adapted to their environment. These contracts should maintain global membership commitment.
Secrecy Performance for Finite-Alphabet Inputs Over Fluctuating Two-Ray Channels in FDA Communications
Creators: name: Ouyang, Chongjun
name: Wu, Sheng
name: Jiang, Chunxiao
name: Ng, Derrick Wing Kwan
name: Yang, Hongwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 00A05

description: To provide system design insights for practical communication systems equipped with the frequency diverse array (FDA), this paper investigates the secrecy performance of FDA systems exploiting finite-alphabet inputs over fluctuating two-ray (FTR) fading channels. More specifically, closed-form expressions for the average secrecy rate (ASR) and the secrecy outage probability (SOP) are derived, while their correctness is confirmed by numerical simulations. In addition, we perform asymptotic analysis to quantify the secrecy performance gap between Gaussian and finite-alphabet inputs, for a sufficiently large average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the main channel. Compared with Gaussian inputs-based research, this letter focuses on practical scenarios which sheds lights on properties of FDA systems.
Bell's inequality tests with meson-antimeson pairs
Creators: name: Bramon, A.
name: Escribano, R.
name: Garbarino, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent proposals to test Bell's inequalities with entangled pairs of pseudoscalar mesons are reviewed. This includes pairs of neutral kaons or B-mesons and offers some hope to close both the locality and the detection loopholes. Specific difficulties, however, appear thus invalidating most of those proposals. The best option requires the use of kaon regeneration effects and could lead to a successful test if moderate kaon detection efficiencies are achieved.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure. Contribution to the Festschrift in honor of Prof. E. Santos for his 70th birthday
HOW DAIRY PRICE CHANGES INFLUENCE THE CONSUMERS' WELFARE
Creators: name: Huang, Kuo S.
name: Blayney, Donald P.
name: Huang, Kuo S.
name: Blayney, Donald P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: compensating variation
subject: dairy demand elasticities
subject: dairy policies and programs.

description: The Hicksian compensating variation is used to evaluate the consumers' welfare effects of price changes because of some hypothesized removals of Federal dairy policies and programs. The results indicate that consumers would reduce dairy expenditures from about one to two billion dollars nationally.
Additional file 3 of Height as a risk factor in meningioma: a study of 2 million Israeli adolescents
Creators: name: Berliner, Matan Ben-Zion
name: Katz, Lior Haim
name: Derazne, Estela
name: Levine, Hagai
name: Keinan-Boker, Lital
name: Benouaich-Amiel, Alexandra
name: Gal, Omer
name: Kanner, Andrew A
name: Laviv, Yosef
name: Honig, Asaf
name: Siegal, Tali
name: Mandel, Jacob
name: Twig, Gilad
name: Yust-Katz, Shlomit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 3. Interaction between birth period and origin, whole population adjusted for sex.
On the Selberg class of Dirichlet series: small degrees
Creators: name: Conrey, J. Brian
name: Ghosh, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the study of Dirichlet series with arithmetic significance there has appeared (through the study of known examples) certain expectations, namely (i) if a functional equation and Euler product exists, then it is likely that a type of Riemann hypothesis will hold, (ii) that if in addition the function has a simple pole at the point s=1, then it must be a product of the Riemann zeta-function and another Dirichlet series with similar properties, and (iii) that a type of converse theorem holds, namely that all such Dirichlet series can be obtained by considering Mellin transforms of automorphic forms associated with arithmetic groups.
Improved field theoretical approach to noninteracting Brownian particles in a quenched random potential
Creators: name: Lee, Wonsang
name: Yeo, Joonhyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a dynamical field theory for noninteracting Brownian particles in the presence of a quenched Gaussian random potential. The main variable for the field theory is the density fluctuation which measures the difference between the local density and its average value. The average density is spatially inhomogeneous for given realization of the random potential. It becomes uniform only after averaged over the disorder configurations. We develop the diagrammatic perturbation theory for the density correlation function and calculate the zero-frequency component of the response function exactly by summing all the diagrams contributing to it. From this exact result and the fluctuation dissipation relation, which holds in an equilibrium dynamics, we find that the connected density correlation function always decays to zero in the long-time limit for all values of disorder strength implying that the system always remains ergodic. This nonperturbative calculation relies on the simple diagrammatic structure of the present field theoretical scheme. We compare in detail our diagrammatic perturbation theory with the one used in a recent paper [B.\ Kim, M.\ Fuchs and V.\ Krakoviack, J.\ Stat.\ Mech.\ (2020) 023301], which uses the density fluctuation around the uniform average, and discuss the difference in the diagrammatic structures of the two formulations.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures
Additional file 1 of Natural Diversity in Stomatal Features of Cultivated and Wild Oryza Species
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Jolly
name: Thakur, Vivek
name: Nepomuceno, Robert
name: Coe, Robert A.
name: Dionora, Jacqueline
name: Elmido-Mabilangan, Abigail
name: Llave, Abraham Darius
name: Reyes, Anna Mae Delos
name: Monroy, Apollo Neil
name: Canicosa, Irma
name: Anindya Bandyopadhyay
name: Kshirod K. Jena
name: Brar, Darshan S.
name: Quick, William Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Trend in the stomatal structural adjustment in Oryza family. Figure S2. Evolutionary trend in abaxial, adaxial and total gmax, and the fraction of the –ad/−ab conductance. Figure S3. Correlation of Δ13C with stomatal and leaf traits.
Ugandan architects struggle with the dilemma of what’s appropriate
Creators: name: Sanya, Tom
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 330102
subject: Architectural design
classificationCode: 330104
subject: Architectural history, theory and criticism

description: Cross-pollination is required. Tradition should not be static and frozen. Rather, it should be conceptualised as malleable and fluid. It should resiliently soak up the emerging demands and opportunities of modernity in the design and erection of buildings. This requires a double-pronged approach – one in which tradition and modernity are in dialectical opposition to constantly yield lessons for architecture
Fisher Information in Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum Applications
Creators: name: Meyer, Johannes Jakob
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fisher information
subject: Noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices
subject: Quantum computers
subject: Parametrized quantum circuits
subject: Quantum sensing
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: The recent advent of noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices, especially near-term quantum computers, has sparked extensive research efforts concerned with their possible applications. At the forefront of the considered approaches are variational methods that use parametrized quantum circuits. The classical and quantum Fisher information are firmly rooted in the field of quantum sensing and have proven to be versatile tools to study such parametrized quantum systems. Their utility in the study of other applications of noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices, however, has only been discovered recently. Hoping to stimulate more such applications, this article aims to further popularize classical and quantum Fisher information as useful tools for near-term applications beyond quantum sensing. We start with a tutorial that builds an intuitive understanding of classical and quantum Fisher information and outlines how both quantities can be calculated on near-term devices. We also elucidate their relationship and how they are influenced by noise processes. Next, we give an overview of the core results of the quantum sensing literature and proceed to a comprehensive review of recent applications in variational quantum algorithms and quantum machine learning.
THE IMPACT OF GROUNDNUT TRADE LIBERALIZATION: IMPLICATION FOR THE DOHA ROUND
Creators: name: Matthey, Holger
name: Diop, Ndiame
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Sewadeh, Mirvat
name: Matthey, Holger
name: Diop, Ndiame
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Sewadeh, Mirvat
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: We use a partial-equilibrium multi-market international model to analyze trade and agricultural policies affecting peanut/groundnut products markets. The model covers four goods (food and crush quality groundnuts, groundnut oil and cake) in 13 countries/regions including a large set of developing countries (Argentina, China, the Gambia, India, Malawi, Mexico, Nigeria, Senegal, and South Africa). Welfare is evaluated by looking at the consumer's equivalent variation, quasi-profits in farming (groundnut farming, livestock), quasi-profit in crushing, and taxpayers' revenues and outlays implied by distortions. We calibrate the model on recent historical data. We analyze several groundnut trade liberalization scenarios. The impact of the reforms is measured in deviation from the recent historical baseline. Trade liberalization in groundnut markets has a strong South-South dimension opposing two large developing countries (India and China) to smaller developing countries mainly located in Africa. Current Chinese and Indian policies substantially depress the world prices of edible groundnuts, groundnut oil and groundnut meal. Following the removal of these distortions, African exporters present in these world markets would gain because they are net sellers of the cash crops. Consumers in China and India would be better off as well with lower consumer prices resulting from the removal of high tariffs more than offsetting the higher world prices of groundnut oil. The cost of adjustment would fall on farmers in India and China who would have to shift to other crops or activities. Crushing in India would also decrease because crushing margins would deteriorate. Net buyers of groundnut products in OECD countries will be worse off. We draw implications for Doha negotiations.
Analysis of the Strong Coupling Limit of the Richardson Hamiltonian using the Dyson Mapping
Creators: name: Snyman, I.
name: Geyer, H. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Richardson Hamiltonian describes superconducting correlations in a metallic nanograin. We do a perturbative analysis of this and related Hamiltonians, around the strong pairing limit, without having to invoke Bethe Ansatz solvability. Rather we make use of a boson expansion method known as the Dyson mapping. Thus we uncover a selection rule that facilitates both time-independent and time-dependent perturbation expansions. In principle the model we analise is realised in a very small metalic grain of a very regular shape. The results we obtain point to subtleties sometimes neglected when thinking of the superconducting state as a Bose-Einstein condensate. An appendix contains a general presentation of time-independent perturbation theory for operators with degenerate spectra, with recursive formulas for corrections of arbitrarily high orders.
description: New final version accepted for publication in PRB. 17 two-column pages, no figures
FARMER DEMAND FOR CORN ROOTWORM BT CORN: DO INSECT RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT GUIDELINES MATTER?
Creators: name: Langrock, Ines
name: Hurley, Terrance M.
name: Ostlie, Kenneth
name: Langrock, Ines
name: Hurley, Terrance M.
name: Ostlie, Kenneth
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Farmer adoption of Bt corn and compliance with insect resistance management (IRM) regulations will influence the success of these regulations. The purpose of this paper is to use farmer survey data to estimate the demand for new corn rootworm Bt corn and the cost of complying with proposed IRM regulations.
De-Sitter and double asymmetric brane worlds
Creators: name: Guerrero, Rommel
name: Rodriguez, R. Omar
name: Torrealba, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asymmetric brane worlds with dS expansion and static double kink topology are obtained from a recently proposed method and their properties are analyzed. These domain walls interpolate between two spacetimes with different cosmological constants. In the dynamic case, the vacua correspond to dS and AdS geometry, unlike the static case where they correspond to AdS background. We show that is possible to confine gravity on such branes. In particular, the double brane world host two different walls, so that the gravity is localized on one of them.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures