cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A complete list of conservation laws for non-integrable compacton equations of $K(m,m)$ type
Creators: name: Vodova, Jirina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37K05, 37K10

description: In 1993, P. Rosenau and J. M. Hyman introduced and studied Korteweg-de-Vries-like equations with nonlinear dispersion admitting compacton solutions, $u_t+D_x^3(u^n)+D_x(u^m)=0$, $m,n>1$, which are known as the $K(m,n)$ equations. In the present paper we consider a slightly generalized version of the $K(m,n)$ equations for $m=n$, namely, $u_t=aD_x^3(u^m)+bD_x(u^m)$, where $m,a,b$ are arbitrary real numbers. We describe all generalized symmetries and conservation laws thereof for $m\neq -2,-1/2,0,1$; for these four exceptional values of $m$ the equation in question is either completely integrable ($m=-2,-1/2$) or linear ($m=1$) or trivial ($m=0$). It turns out that for $m\neq -2,-1/2,0,1$ there are only three symmetries corresponding to $x$- and $t$-translations and scaling of $t$ and $u$, and four nontrivial conservation laws, one of which expresses the conservation of energy, and the other three are associated with the Casimir functionals of the Hamiltonian operator $\mathfrak{D}=aD_x^3+bD_x$ admitted by our equation. Our result, \textit{inter alia}, provides a rigorous proof of the fact that the K(2,2) equation has just four conservation laws found by P. Rosenau and J. M. Hyman.
Efficient generation of time series with diverse and controllable characteristics
Creators: name: Kang, Yanfei
name: Hyndman, Rob J
name: Li, Feng
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 380202
subject: Econometric and statistical methods
classificationCode: 380299
subject: Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: The explosion of time series data in recent years has brought a flourish of new time series analysis methods, for forecasting, clustering, classification and other tasks. The evaluation of these new methods requires a diverse collection of time series data to enable reliable comparisons against alternative approaches. We propose the use of mixture autoregressive (MAR) models to generate collections of time series with diverse features. We simulate sets of time series using MAR models and investigate the diversity and coverage of the simulated time series in a feature space. An efficient method is also proposed for generating new time series with controllable features by tuning the parameters of the MAR models. The simulated data based on our method can be used as evaluation tool for tasks such as time series classification and forecasting.
Ambassis interrupta Bleeker 1853
Creators: name: Zainal Abidin, Danial Hariz
name: Lavoué, Sébastien
name: Mohd Abu Hassan Alshari, Norli Fauzani
name: Mohd. Nor, Siti Azizah
name: A. Rahim, Masazurah
name: Mohammed Akib, Noor Adelyna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Ambassidae
Ambassis
Ambassis interrupta

description: Ambassis interrupta Bleeker, 1853 Material examined. MALAYSIA • 3, 82- 93 mm TL; Kedah State, Kampung Batu Lintang, Pompang Batu Lintang; 05.624°N, 100.395°E; 19 Apr. 2019; Danial H. Zainal Abidin, Norli F.M.A.H. Alshari leg.; USMFC (30) 00006. Identification. Moderate-sized species of Ambassis (maximum TL about 10 cm); body relatively deep, laterally compressed; mouth terminal; interrupted lateral line; eye diameter larger than snout length; only 1 supraorbital spine; nasal spine absent; single dorsal fin deeply notched; dorsal fin spines 7; the third one significantly longer; anal fin spines 3; caudal fin deeply forked; body uniformly pale greyish with scattered melanophores; fins mostly translucent, first 2 or 3 dorsal fin spines blackish. Ambassis interrupta can easily be distinguished from the two other species of Ambassidae occurring in the Merbok river estuary by the unique combination of two characters: interrupted lateral line and only one supraorbital spine. Ambassis interrupta is a typical brackish species and it occurs in other brackish environments in this region (e.g., Tongnunui et al. 2002). Its exact distribution in the Indo-West Pacific region is still unknown.
description: Published as part of Zainal Abidin, Danial Hariz, Lavoué, Sébastien, Mohd Abu Hassan Alshari, Norli Fauzani, Mohd. Nor, Siti Azizah, A. Rahim, Masazurah & Mohammed Akib, Noor Adelyna, 2021, Ichthyofauna of Sungai Merbok Mangrove Forest Reserve, northwest Peninsular Malaysia, and its adjacent marine waters, pp. 601-631 in Check List 17 (2) on page 623, DOI: 10.15560/17.2.601
description: {"references": ["Tongnunui P, Ikejima K, Yamane T, Horinouchi M, Medej T, Sano M, Kurokura H, Taniuchi T (2002) Fish fauna of the Sikao Creek mangrove estuary, Trang, Thailand. Fisheries Science 68: 10 - 17. https: // doi. org / 10.1046 / j. 1444 - 2906.2002.00383. x"]}
Discriminating between the von Neumann and Lüders reduction rule
Creators: name: Hegerfeldt, G. C.
name: Mayato, R. Sala
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given an ensemble of systems in an unknown state, as well as an observable $\hat A$ and a physical apparatus which performs a measurement of $\hat A$ on the ensemble, whose detailed working is unknown ('black box'), how can one test whether the Lüders or von Neumann reduction rule applies?
description: 5 pages
Risk-Limiting Audits for Condorcet Elections
Creators: name: Blom, Michelle
name: Stuckey, Peter J.
name: Teague, Vanessa
name: Vukcevic, Damjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Elections where electors rank the candidates (or a subset of the candidates) in order of preference allow the collection of more information about the electors' intent. The most widely used election of this type is Instant-Runoff Voting (IRV), where candidates are eliminated one by one, until a single candidate holds the majority of the remaining ballots. Condorcet elections treat the election as a set of simultaneous decisions about each pair of candidates. The Condorcet winner is the candidate who beats all others in these pairwise contests. There are various proposals to determine a winner if no Condorcet winner exists. In this paper we show how we can efficiently audit Condorcet elections for a number of variations. We also compare the audit efficiency (how many ballots we expect to sample) of IRV and Condorcet elections.
description: 15 pages, accepted for Voting'23. This version fixes some errors in one of the examples
title: Concurrent multi-band Sawless receiver for wireless communications and GNSS applications
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Dina
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Engineering

description: In modern wireless communication, software-defined radio (SDR), and multiband passive receivers are pivotal for supporting diverse frequencies, and standards. SDR provides a flexible architecture that accommodates multiple protocols through software, eliminating the need for costly hardware modifications. This flexibility is critical in meeting the increasing demand for data transmission across various frequency bands. Among multiband passive receivers, N-path mixing-based designs stand out as compact, and power-efficient solutions, eliminating bulky surface acoustic wave (SAW or Saw) filters and enabling seamless integration with SDR. Their reconfigurability and broad frequency selectivity make them ideal for multiband, and multimode applications. This thesis comprehensively explores the N-path receiver, including modeling, simulation, and experimental validation, emphasizing its reconfigurability, high linearity, and low noise figures (3–6 dB). The innovative omission of a conventional Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) before the mixer significantly reduces power consumption while maintaining robust performance through effective harmonic rejection. Key performance metrics—conversion gain, sensitivity (noise figure), selectivity (out-of-band rejection), linearity (IIP2, IIP3, and -1 dB compression point), and impedance matching demonstrate excellent selectivity across a wide frequency range (0.1–0.9 GHz) without requiring additional matching networks. Tests with modulated signals validate the receiver’s adaptability to diverse signal types. Addressing the complexities of modern wireless systems, this research focuses on Sawless passive receivers (N-path receivers), offering a smaller footprint, and lower power consumption. Enhanced adaptability to future frequency bands and standards is achieved through digital signal processing. Innovative techniques in harmonic rejection and concurrent reception are also introduced. By employing a single clock with four phases, the design simplifies the architecture while enabling selective harmonic tuning through adjustable local oscillator pulse widths. This approach supports high RF frequencies using low clock frequencies, improving signal reception and minimizing power usage. The streamlined architecture eliminates the need for additional harmonic-selective circuits, simplifying the receiver while maintaining high performance. The findings underline the promise of passive mixer-based architectures as compact, power-efficient, and reconfigurable solutions, offering a scalable foundation for next-generation multiband, and multimode wireless networks. These advancements support evolving frequency bands, and standards, setting the stage for innovative communication systems.
Additional file 6 of Positive associations between different circulating trans fatty acids (TFAs) and urinary albumin excretion among adults in the U.S.: a population-based study
Creators: name: Zhou, Yuancheng
name: Wei, Chengcheng
name: Gao, Xincheng
name: Sun, Yi
name: Han, Xiaomin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Marine Biology
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 6
The mass spectrum and strong decay properties of the charmed-strange mesons within Godfrey-Isgur model considering the coupled-channel effects
Creators: name: Yang, Jing-Jing
name: Hao, Wei
name: Wang, Xiaoyu
name: Li, De-Min
name: Li, Yu-Xiao
name: Wang, En
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recently observed $D_{s0}(2590)$ state by LHCb, we investigate the mass spectrum and the strong decay properties of the charmed-strange mesons within Godfrey-Isgur model considering the coupled-channel effects. Our results support that $D_{s0}^*(2317)$ and $D_{s1}(2460)$ can be interpreted as the $D_{s}(1^3P_0)$ and $D_{s}(1^3P_1)$ states with larger $DK$ and $D^*K$ components, respectively, and $D_{s1}(2700)$, $D_{s1}(2536)$, $D^*_{s2}(2573)$, $D_{s1}^*(2860)$, $D_{s3}^*(2860)$, and $D_{sJ}^*(3040)$ can be well interpreted as the $D_s(2^3S_1)$, $D_s(1^1P_1)$, $D_s(1^3P_2)$, $D_s(1^3D_1)$, $D_s(1^3D_3)$, and $D_s(2^1P_1)$ states, respectively. Although, $D_{s0}(2590)$ mass is about 50 MeV less than our prediction for the $D_{s}(2^1S_0)$ state, its width is still in good agreement with the one of $D_{s}(2^1S_0)$. Therefore, $D_{s0}(2590)$ state needs to be further confirmed by the experimental measurements, and the more precise information about $D_{s0}(2590)$ will shed light on its assignment of $D_{s}(2^1S_0)$. Furthermore, we predict the masses and the strong decay properties of the charmed-strange mesons with masses around 3 GeV, which would be helpful to experimentally search for these states.
description: 8 pages
Decorated Shastry-Sutherland lattice in the spin-1/2 magnet CdCu2(BO3)2
Creators: name: Janson, O.
name: Rousochatzakis, I.
name: Tsirlin, A. A.
name: Richter, J.
name: Skourski, Yu.
name: Rosner, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the microscopic magnetic model for the spin-1/2 Heisenberg system CdCu2(BO3)2, one of the few quantum magnets showing the 1/2-magnetization plateau. Recent neutron diffraction experiments on this compound [M. Hase et al., Phys. Rev. B 80, 104405 (2009)] evidenced long-range magnetic order, inconsistent with the previously suggested phenomenological magnetic model of isolated dimers and spin chains. Based on extensive density-functional theory band structure calculations, exact diagonalizations, quantum Monte Carlo simulations, third-order perturbation theory, as well as high-field magnetization measurements, we find that the magnetic properties of CdCu2(BO3)2 are accounted for by a frustrated quasi-2D magnetic model featuring four inequivalent exchange couplings: the leading antiferromagnetic coupling J_d within the structural Cu2O6 dimers, two interdimer couplings J_t1 and J_t2, forming magnetic tetramers, and a ferromagnetic coupling J_it between the tetramers. Based on comparison to the experimental data, we evaluate the ratios of the leading couplings J_d : J_t1 : J_t2 : J_it = 1 : 0.20 : 0.45 : -0.30, with J_d of about 178 K. The inequivalence of J_t1 and J_t2 largely lifts the frustration and triggers long-range antiferromagnetic ordering. The proposed model accounts correctly for the different magnetic moments localized on structurally inequivalent Cu atoms in the ground-state magnetic configuration. We extensively analyze the magnetic properties of this model, including a detailed description of the magnetically ordered ground state and its evolution in magnetic field with particular emphasis on the 1/2-magnetization plateau. Our results establish remarkable analogies to the Shastry-Sutherland model of SrCu2(BO3)2, and characterize the closely related CdCu2(BO3)2 as a material realization for the spin-1/2 decorated anisotropic Shastry-Sutherland lattice.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables. Published version with additional QMC data
American Historians and the Concept of the Communications Revolution
Creators: name: John, Richard R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Business
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Communication
subject: Information literacy
subject: Historians

description: For more than 50 years, it has been conventional for historians to posit that the United States experienced a 'communications revolution' at some point between the eighteenth century and the present day. It would be hardly an exaggeration to suggest that the concept has played for historians of communications a role analogous to that which the notion of the frontier has played for historians of the American West. This chapter seeks to clarify what historians of the United States have meant when they have written about the communications revolution.
title: Designing and Evaluating Augmented Reality Systems for Supporting Nonspeaking Individuals in Daily Communication Tasks
Creators: name: Francis, Michael
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Augmented Reality
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical

description: This work discusses the development and evaluation of an augmented reality (AR) system called CommunicatAR, designed to assist nonspeaking individuals in being independent of an aid worker while communicating with others. The system employs interactive conversational virtual agents that utilize computer vision and natural language processing to facilitate real-time interactions, for this study particularly while ordering a drink at a caf\'e. The research involved two main experiments: the first with neurotypical participants (n=30) to assess usability, task load, and the perception of independence and the second with nonspeaking autistic individuals (n=3) to evaluate the system's effectiveness using feedback from the final intended user group. Findings indicated that higher usability of the system correlated with increased independence in communication, suggesting that AR technology can significantly improve the daily lives of nonspeaking users. This research highlights the potential of assistive technologies to empower marginalized groups, particularly those with communication challenges, and the need for individualized treatment plans.
title: Stretch-Shortening-Cycle Function and Muscle-Tendon Unit Properties in Active Pre- and Early Post-Menopausal Women
Creators: name: Walton, Julie S. J.
Publisher: name: Kinesiology
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: physiology
subject: exercise
subject: strength
subject: menopause
subject: physical activity
subject: biomechanics
subject: women
subject: muscle
subject: tendon
subject: health
subject: Education--Sciences

description: Menopause is associated with an accelerated loss of muscle mass, strength, and power. Changes in muscle-tendon properties may contribute to these effects and whole-body locomotion. However, reliable protocols evaluating muscle-tendon properties and function in active postmenopausal females require development. Muscle-tendon properties also influence stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) function, but their contribution has yet to be quantified in active pre and postmenopausal women. PURPOSE: 1) Assess the test-retest reliability of a muscle-tendon function protocol in active pre and postmenopausal females. 2) Quantify between-group differences in Achilles tendon (AT) stiffness, cross-sectional area (CSA), stress, strain, plantar flexor strength, and SSC function by measuring the energy cost of running (Erun) and external mechanical power using countermovement jump (CMJ) testing. 3) Examine the CSA along the AT in active women not using exogenous hormone therapy. METHODS: Active pre and postmenopausal women participated in two testing sessions to assess the test-retest reliability of the muscle-tendon protocol using interclass correlation coefficients, coefficient of variation, and Bland-Altman analysis. Each session included maximal plantar flexor strength, AT stiffness, and AT CSA measurements via ultrasound and dynamometry. Erun was calculated from expired V̇O2 and V̇CO2 during a 10-minute run. CMJ testing was performed on a force plate and mechanical power was obtained through force-time analysis. RESULTS: Good to excellent reliability was reported for all selected variables. AT stiffness was significantly lower post menopause and significantly related to CMJ jump height and relative peak power. No differences were seen between groups in maximal plantar flexion strength, AT CSA, stress, or strain. Group differences in Erun and AT CSA and stress, varied significantly across the length of the AT. CONCLUSIONS: The testing protocol resulted in good to excellent reliability, supporting its use in future longitudinal research among active women. Postmenopausal women show reduced AT stiffness without a concurrent reduction in plantar flexor muscle strength, which may predispose them to tendon strain injuries. The reduction in AT stiffness post menopause may contribute to elevations in whole-body Erun. AT stiffness was associated with mechanical power, and lower AT stiffness may be a result of altered serum estrogen levels associated with menopause.
Evolutionary Dynamics of a Lattice Dimer: a Toy Model for Stability vs. Affinity Trade-offs in Proteins
Creators: name: Loffredo, Emanuele
name: Vesconi, Elisabetta
name: Razban, Rostam
name: Peleg, Orit
name: Shakhnovich, Eugene
name: Cocco, Simona
name: Monasson, Rémi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Understanding how a stressor applied on a biological system shapes its evolution is key to achieving targeted evolutionary control. Here we present a toy model of two interacting lattice proteins to quantify the response to the selective pressure defined by the binding energy. We generate sequence data of proteins and study how the sequence and structural properties of dimers are affected by the applied selective pressure, both during the evolutionary process and in the stationary regime. In particular we show that internal contacts of native structures lose strength, while inter-structure contacts are strengthened due to the folding-binding competition. We discuss how dimerization is achieved through enhanced mutability on the interacting faces, and how the designability of each native structure changes upon introduction of the stressor.
description: New mutational protocol based on the background amino acids distribution. Updated Fig. 7-8. Added new Fig. 14 that shows residual frustration on couplings before and after dimerization
Genuine Entanglement of Four Qubit Cluster Diagonal States
Creators: name: Chen, Xiao-yu
name: Yu, Ping
name: Jiang, Li-zhen
name: Tian, Mingzhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reduce the necessary and sufficient biseparable conditions of the four qubit cluster diagonal state to concise forms. Only 4 out of the 15 parameters are proved to be relevant in specifying the genuine entanglement of the state. Using the relative entropy of entanglement as the entanglement measure, we analytically find the genuine entanglement of all the four qubit cluster diagonal states. The formulas of the genuine entanglement are of five kinds, for seven different parameter regions of entanglement.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Lutjanus johnii USMFC
Creators: name: Zainal Abidin, Danial Hariz
name: Lavoué, Sébastien
name: Mohd Abu Hassan Alshari, Norli Fauzani
name: Mohd. Nor, Siti Azizah
name: A. Rahim, Masazurah
name: Mohammed Akib, Noor Adelyna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Lutjanidae
Lutjanus
Lutjanus johnii

description: Lutjanus johnii (Bloch, 1792) Figure 4E Material examined. MALAYSIA • 1, 295 mm TL; Kedah State, Kuala Kedah, Kuala Muda Whispering Market; 05.578°N, 100.341°E; 6 Dec. 2018; Danial H. Zainal Abidin, Norli F.M.A.H. Alshari leg.; USMFC (49) 00007. • 2, 234– 334 mm TL; Kedah State, Kuala Kedah, Kuala Muda Whispering Market; 05.578°N, 100.341°E; 19 Mar. 2019; Danial H. Zainal Abidin, Norli F.M.A.H. Alshari leg.; USMFC (49) 00011.
description: Published as part of Zainal Abidin, Danial Hariz, Lavoué, Sébastien, Mohd Abu Hassan Alshari, Norli Fauzani, Mohd. Nor, Siti Azizah, A. Rahim, Masazurah & Mohammed Akib, Noor Adelyna, 2021, Ichthyofauna of Sungai Merbok Mangrove Forest Reserve, northwest Peninsular Malaysia, and its adjacent marine waters, pp. 601-631 in Check List 17 (2) on page 624, DOI: 10.15560/17.2.601
A new strategy for the determination of trace Hg2+ by 5CB liquid crystal RRS probe based on nanogold amplification and Galvanic replacement reaction
Creators: name: Liang, Aihui
name: Shu, Yiyi
name: Huang, Xiaofang
name: Li, Dan
name: Zhi, Shengfu
name: Li, Chongning
name: Jiang, Zhiliang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In pH 3.1 HCOOH-HCOONa buffer solution, liquid crystal 5CB was used as the probe to generate a strong resonance Rayleigh scattering (RRS) peak at 450 nm. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) could catalyse the reaction of phosphomolybdic acid (PMo)-formic acid (FA) to form phosphomolybdenum blue (PMoB), which caused the RRS strength of PMo at 450 nm to decrease linearly. Hg2+ could have an electrostatic substitution reaction with AuNPs, thereby inhibiting the catalytic effect of AuNPs, and the RRS peak was enhanced. In the range of 2.5 × 10−9 mol/L–4.5 × 10−8 mol/L Hg2+, as the concentration of Hg2+ increased, the catalytic effect of AuNPs gradually weakened, and the peak value of RRS at 450 nm (ΔI) was linearly increased. The regression equation is ΔI450nm = 27.988C−5.6159, and the detection limit is 1.0 nmol/L. The method has been used to detect Hg2+ in wastewater with satisfactory results.
title: Investigating the magnetic susceptibility contributions of hypoxia and myelin in the mouse brain using quantitative MRI
Creators: name: Makarowski, Ty
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: MRI
subject: magnetic susceptibility
subject: hypoxia
subject: Multiple sclerosis
subject: Radiology
subject: Neuroscience

description: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by demyelination and neurodegeneration, with emerging evidence suggesting a critical role of brain hypoxia in its progression. While demyelination has been well-studied, the relationship between hypoxia and myelin loss, and how these processes contribute to disease progression, remains poorly understood. This study evaluates the efficacy of quantitative MRI metrics, specifically R2* and quantitative susceptibility mapping, in detecting and differentiating hypoxia and Cuprizone-induced demyelination in the mouse brain. Using a graded hypoxia model (10% vs. 30% oxygen) and Cuprizone treatment, we acquired R2* and QSM data across the mouse brain. An advanced MRI processing pipeline enabled precise detection of regional changes. R2* was highly sensitive to hypoxia, with significant increases observed throughout the brain that correlated with elevated deoxyhemoglobin levels, highlighting R2* as a promising marker for brain oxygenation. Magnetic susceptibility changes were primarily localized to venous structures, underscoring its spatial specificity to paramagnetic compounds. For Cuprizone-induced demyelination, R2* showed a notable decrease in the corpus callosum, suggesting a homogenization effect due to myelin loss, while QSM detected no significant changes, possibly due to a lack of iron accumulation typically seen in demyelinated lesions in human studies. Comparative analyses indicated that R2* responses were more pronounced in hypoxic than demyelinated states, supporting its sensitivity to magnetic inhomogeneities related to deoxyhemoglobin. These findings suggest that R2* and QSM offer complementary insights into hypoxic and demyelinating processes, with potential for enhancing non-invasive imaging in clinical conditions like multiple sclerosis.
LHC Test of CDF $Wjj$ anomaly
Creators: name: Harigaya, Keisuke
name: Sato, Ryosuke
name: Shirai, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a test of the CDF dijet anomaly at the LHC. The recent observed dijet mass peak at the CDF is well fitted by a new particle with a mass of around 150 GeV, which decays into two jets. In this paper, we focus on only $Wjj$ signal to avoid model dependence, and comprehensively study the LHC discovery/exclusion reach. We found almost all the models are inconsistent with the result of the LHC, unless only valence quarks contribute the new process. We also discuss further prospects of the LHC search for this anomaly.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures, 17 tables; v4:typos are corrected
Lutjanus russellii USMFC
Creators: name: Zainal Abidin, Danial Hariz
name: Lavoué, Sébastien
name: Mohd Abu Hassan Alshari, Norli Fauzani
name: Mohd. Nor, Siti Azizah
name: A. Rahim, Masazurah
name: Mohammed Akib, Noor Adelyna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Lutjanidae
Lutjanus
Lutjanus russellii

description: Lutjanus russellii (Bleeker, 1849) Material examined. MALAYSIA • 1, 240 mm TL; Kedah State, Kuala Kedah, Kuala Muda Whispering Market; 05.578°N, 100.341°E; 19 Mar. 2019; Danial H. Zainal Abidin, Norli F.M.A.H. Alshari leg.; USMFC (49) 00010. • 1, 273 mm TL; Kedah State, Kuala Kedah, Kuala Muda Whispering Market; 05.578°N, 100.341°E; 6 Dec. 2018; Danial H. Zainal Abidin, Norli F.M.A.H. Alshari leg.; USMFC (49) 00006. • 1, 270 mm TL; Kedah State, Kuala Kedah, Kuala Muda Whispering Market; 05.578°N, 100.341°E; 4 Mar. 2019; Danial H. Zainal Abidin, Norli F.M.A.H. Alshari leg.; USMFC (49) 00008. • 4, 234– 265 mm TL; Kedah State, Kuala Kedah, Kuala Muda Whispering Market; 05.578°N, 100.341°E; 19 Mar. 2019; Danial H. Zainal Abidin, Norli F.M.A.H. Alshari leg.; USMFC (49) 00009.
description: Published as part of Zainal Abidin, Danial Hariz, Lavoué, Sébastien, Mohd Abu Hassan Alshari, Norli Fauzani, Mohd. Nor, Siti Azizah, A. Rahim, Masazurah & Mohammed Akib, Noor Adelyna, 2021, Ichthyofauna of Sungai Merbok Mangrove Forest Reserve, northwest Peninsular Malaysia, and its adjacent marine waters, pp. 601-631 in Check List 17 (2) on page 624, DOI: 10.15560/17.2.601
A general equilibrium model for multi-passenger ridesharing systems with stable matching
Creators: name: Yao, Rui
name: Bekhor, Shlomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper proposes a general equilibrium model for multi-passenger ridesharing systems, in which interactions between ridesharing drivers, passengers, platforms, and transportation networks are endogenously captured. Stable matching is modeled as an equilibrium problem in which no ridesharing driver or passenger can reduce ridesharing disutility by unilaterally switching to another matching sequence. This paper is one of the first studies that explicitly integrates the ridesharing platform multi-passenger matching problem into the model. By integrating matching sequence with hyper-network, ridesharing-passenger transfers are avoided in a multi-passenger ridesharing system. Moreover, the matching stability between the ridesharing drivers and passengers is extended to address the multi-OD multi-passenger case in terms of matching sequence. The paper provides a proof for the existence of the proposed general equilibrium. A sequence-bush algorithm is developed for solving the multi-passenger ridesharing equilibrium problem. This algorithm is capable to handle complex ridesharing constraints implicitly. Results illustrate that the proposed sequence-bush algorithm outperforms general-purpose solver, and provides insights into the equilibrium of the joint stable matching and route choice problem. Numerical experiments indicate that ridesharing trips are typically longer than average trip lengths. Sensitivity analysis suggests that a properly designed ridesharing unit price is necessary to achieve network benefits, and travelers with relatively lower values of time are more likely to participate in ridesharing.
title: Living with Coyotes: Exploring Human-Wildlife Coexistence in Alberta
Creators: name: Dickson, Amanda M.
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: coyotes
subject: human wildlife coexistence
subject: mixed methods
subject: Geography
subject: Environmental Sciences
subject: Forestry and Wildlife

description: As human populations grow and utilize more space, interactions between humans, domestic animals and wildlife will become more common. Understanding human-wildlife coexistence, and in particular human-predator coexistence is a key area of research. My research uses a mixed-methods approach that combines interview data with data collected using a Geographic Information System depicting landscape pattern and processes to further our understanding of coyote coexistence and predation by coyotes on pets and livestock in the Foothills Parkland Natural Subregion of Alberta. The interview data represents 48 in-depth, in-person interviews with rural residential and agricultural participants, conducted in situ by Dr. Alexander and Dr. Draper between 2015 – 2017. Data on coexistence values, as well as participant demographics including livestock and pet ownership, predation events, biodiversity checklists, and property size were gathered through interviews. Geospatial data were derived from a geospatial database and were spatially tagged to each property. Three relationships were evaluated: 1) whether coexistence was impacted by demographics, livestock and pet ownership, predation events, or geospatial factors, 2) whether livestock and/or pet predation was impacted by demographics, livestock and pet ownership, biodiversity, or geospatial factors and 3) whether livestock predation specifically was impacted by demographics, livestock and pet ownership, biodiversity, or geospatial factors. Overall, participants were more likely to kill coyotes if they had experienced prior predation, which can be attributed to factors such as the impact of emotional trauma on lethal control methods. Predation by coyotes was more likely to occur on larger properties, which may be attributed to factors such as herd density, as well as if cats were present, who may act as coyote attractants. Since predation is a significant predictor of killing of coyotes, this study recommends three education-oriented strategies to reduce predation. These strategies include developing science communication materials to educate impacted communities about how to reduce predation risk. Reducing predation in the Foothills Parkland Natural Subregion (FPR) will reduce conflict between people and coyotes, setting an example for other communities across North America and improving human, livestock, pet, and coyote wellbeing.
A characterization of adaptive mutations in yeast
Creators: name: Gerstein, Aleeza C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Natural selection acts on phenotypes within populations, yet it is allele frequency changes at the genetic level that enable adaptation. To properly understand the evolutionary process we thus need to understand how the genotypic and external environments affect beneficial mutations and, in turn, affect the fitness of individuals. In this thesis I used the budding yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae to explore the genotypic basis, phenotypic diversity, and fitness effects of beneficial mutations in a variety of genotypic and external environments. I first describe fitness experiments designed to elucidate the factor that allowed diploid mutants to overtake haploid populations during batch culture evolution. I compared haploid and diploid lines isolated at many time points using multiple growth phase and competitive fitness assays, yet diploids failed to demonstrate an advantage for any measure. I then conducted a related set of experiments that compared the rate of adaptation of haploid and diploid populations across seven different environments. I found that although haploid populations adapted faster than diploids in all environments, there was considerable variation between ploidy populations and among environments. Experimental evolution results can be difficult to explain without knowledge of the specific mutations involved. The remainder of this thesis thus focused on a set of 20 unique beneficial mutations I acquired that confer tolerance to nystatin, a fungicide. The mutations are in four different genes that act close together late in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway. Although the genetic basis of adaptation was narrow, lines that carried mutations in different genes were not equally tolerant to nystatin and were found to exhibit different gene-by-environment interactions. Surprisingly, the mutations had a larger effect size in nystatin in a haploid background than in a homozygous diploid background. I then show that the dominance of these mutations (i.e., the degree to which mutations in a heterozygote behave like wildtype) was not constant between environments. Heterozygotes grew stochastically under nystatin stress, and resequencing uncovered rapid and pervasive loss of heterozygosity. Combined, this work demonstrates that both ploidy and the environment can have a large influence on the effect of beneficial mutations and illustrates the often-dynamic nature of evolution.
title: Engineering Design Automation via Imitation Learning and Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Bozorgmehry Boozarjomehry, Ghazal
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Mechanical
subject: Artificial Intelligence

description: Reinforcement Learning (RL) has achieved notable success in robotics and gaming, yet its application to automating engineering design faces significant challenges, including slow training times and poor generalization. Traditional RL methods require exploring millions of design states, which is computationally expensive, especially when dealing with complex physics models. In contrast, behavioral cloning, which enables RL agents to mimic human designers based on their decision data, presents a more resource-efficient alternative. This thesis investigates the use of both RL and imitation learning to automate engineering design, using aircraft design as a surrogate task to model engineering design. We evaluate the performance of a behavioral cloning agent trained on human design decision data, employing recurrent neural networks such as GRU, LSTM, and simple-RNN. We define a metric Q-score, which quantifies design quality on a scale between 0 and 1, with higher values indicating better design quality. Our findings demonstrate that the GRU architecture outperforms both LSTM and simple-RNN in terms of accuracy, achieving a Q-score of 0.8 after training on a relatively small dataset. The GRU model strikes an optimal balance between accuracy, simplicity, and computational efficiency, making it particularly suitable for surrogate design tasks like aircraft design optimization. Additionally, we assess the performance of RL agents, specifically Proximal Policy Optimization and Advantage Actor-Critic ,in the same design task. Both RL approaches achieved higher Q-scores (up to 0.99) but incurred significant computational costs and required extensive training time. In contrast, behavioral cloning provided a faster, more computationally efficient approach, though its performance was constrained by the availability of labeled human decision data. The results suggest that while RL methods excel in exploration and optimization, imitation learning offers a faster and more resource-efficient solution, albeit with reduced exploration and adaptability.
Simultaneous dimerization and SU(4) symmetry breaking of 4-color fermions on the square lattice
Creators: name: Corboz, Philippe
name: Laeuchli, Andreas M.
name: Penc, Karlo
name: Troyer, Matthias
name: Mila, Frederic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using infinite projected entangled pair states (iPEPS), exact diagonalization, and flavor-wave theory, we show that the SU(4) Heisenberg model undergoes a spontaneous dimerization on the square lattice, in contrast to its SU(2) and SU(3) counterparts, which develop Neel and three-sublattice stripe-like long-range order. Since the ground state of a dimer is not a singlet for SU(4) but a 6-dimensional irrep, this leaves the door open for further symmetry breaking. We provide evidence that, unlike in SU(4) ladders, where dimers pair up to form singlet plaquettes, here the SU(4) symmetry is additionally broken, leading to a gapless spectrum in spite of the broken translational symmetry.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, minor changes, references added
title: A Feasibility Study of a Culinary Medicine Intervention for Bone Health in Adults Living with Age-Associated Low Bone Mass or Increased Fracture Risk
Creators: name: MacLaren, Julia Marie
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Culinary Medicine
subject: Bone Health
subject: Culinary Nutrition
subject: Nutrition
subject: Osteoporosis
subject: Older Adults
subject: Food Skill
subject: Fracture
subject: Acceptability
subject: Feasibility
subject: Diet
subject: Behavior Change
subject: Nutrition
subject: Medicine and Surgery
subject: Health Sciences
subject: Education--Health

description: Background: Dietary intervention is a valuable co-therapy in the primary and secondary prevention of fractures, and food and cooking skills protect against nutrition risk in older adults. Culinary Medicine (CM) interventions have potential to improve dietary quality and health outcomes, but there is a lack of randomized trials in this area. Objective: This pilot trial assessed the feasibility and acceptability of implementing and evaluating dietitian-led virtual CM intervention for bone health as an adjunct to usual care at our specialty osteoporosis center. Methods: Forty adults aged 45 years and older referred for fracture risk assessment were randomized to receive either usual care (group nutrition education) or usual care plus a CM program. The CM program included a 1.5-hour virtual group session with two dietitians, a recipe package, and an optional follow-up session. The usual care group could attend the CM program after study completion (wait-list control). At baseline and 3 months, participants completed surveys on home cooking and confidence in eating well for bone health and were asked to complete 2 dietary recalls. The CM group completed an acceptability survey post-session. Primary feasibility outcomes were recruitment (target: 100% in 6 months), adherence (target: ≥85%), and retention (target: ≥85%). Acceptability was measured using a questionnaire adapted from the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability. Findings: We recruited 40 participants in 6 months, meeting the recruitment target. The adherence target was also met. Most participants (80%, CI 64%-91%) were retained through the 3-month follow-up, indicating feasibility but suggesting this aspect of study design could be improved. Only 5 participants (25%, CI 9%-49%) completed all 4 dietary recalls. The intervention was generally acceptable, with the lowest scores in the ‘burden’ and ‘opportunity cost’ constructs. Conclusion: This pilot RCT suggests CM intervention is a feasible and acceptable adjunct to usual care at our osteoporosis center. However, dietary assessment measures were infeasible as delivered, and further refinement of the intervention may improve acceptability sub-constructs. In future studies, opportunities exist to increasingly tailor CM interventions for older adults, and test the optimal duration and intensity needed to achieve meaningful improvements in behavior change, nutrition status, and bone preservation.
Additional file 1 of Chromosome constitution and genetic relationships of Morus spp. revealed by genomic in situ hybridization
Creators: name: Xuan, Yahui
name: Wang, Sheng
name: Li, Siwei
name: Yuan, Jianglian
name: Zhou, Qiming
name: He, Ningjia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Karyotype analysis of M. notabilis based on the self-genomic in situ hybridization (self-GISH) signal pattern in Fig. 1. Fig. S2. Comparative genomic in situ hybridization (cGISH) signal pattern 6 detected in nine mulberry accessions. Fig. S3. Comparative genomic in situ hybridization (cGISH) signals detected in nine mulberry accessions. Fig. S4. Self-genomic in situ hybridization (self-GISH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) signal patterns detected in six mulberry accessions.
title: The Role of the Pumilio Protein Puf4 and P-Bodies in DNA Replication Stress in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
Creators: name: Chow, Jeffrey William Dat Ho
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Pumilio, Puf4, post-transcriptional gene regulation, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, RNA-binding protein, p-bodies, stress granules, replication stress, DNA replication checkpoint, histones
subject: Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Replication stress is caused by the delay or compromise of DNA synthesis in S-phase. The ability for cells to properly respond to this stress determines viability or lethality and is implicated in many human diseases such as cancer. Post-transcriptional regulation plays an important role in the replication stress response to properly modulate RNA levels. Puf4 is a pumilio family RNA-binding protein that facilitates mRNA degradation through binding the pumilio response element in 3’ untranslated regions. Cytoplasmic RNA granules such as stress granules and p-bodies also show critical roles in the stress response through mRNA triage, storage, and decay. Puf proteins, stress granules, and p-bodies are all highly conserved throughout eukaryotic organisms from single-cell yeasts to humans. However, biological function and mRNA targets of Puf4 and these RNA granules during replication stress remains relatively uncharacterized. In this study, we investigated the role of Puf4, stress granules, and p-bodies in response to hydroxyurea-induced replication stress in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomycess pombe. We determined that p-bodies, but not stress granules, form in response to replication stress and that Puf4 plays a role in regulating p-body formation. Moreover, we suggest Puf4 may play a role in regulating the DNA replication checkpoint as misregulation of puf4+ leads to an increase in cut cells, an abnormal septation phenotype where the septum overlays the nucleus, as seen in several checkpoint mutants. Transcriptome profiling of puf4+ mutants identified four novel putative mRNA targets that are degraded by Puf4 during replication stress. Three of the Puf4 mRNA targets, hhf1+, hht1+, and hta2+, encode for histone proteins while dut1+ encodes a deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotidohydrolase. The deletion of hhf1+ and hht1+ both suppressed the HU sensitivity of puf4Δ, further supporting the relevance of these genes as Puf4 target mRNAs during replication stress. Lastly, we provided evidence that the 14-3-3 protein Rad24 is an activator of Puf4 by potentially causing cytoplasmic retention of Puf4. Overall, this study provides a foundation for Puf4 function in replication stress through identification of novel target mRNAs and characterizing regulatory interactions with Rad24.