cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cosmology with the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect: Independent of the optical depth and $σ_8$
Creators: name: Kuruvilla, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmological constraints from the kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich experiments are degenerate with the optical depth measurement, which is commonly known as the optical-depth degeneracy. In this work, we introduce a new statistic based on the first moment of relative velocity between pairs in a triplet, which is capable of constraining cosmological parameters independent of the optical depth, and $σ_8$. Using 22,000 $N$-body simulations from the Quijote suite, we quantify the information content in the new statistic using Fisher matrix forecast. We find that it is able to obtain strong constraints on the cosmological parameters, particularly on the summed neutrino mass. The constraints have a factor of 6.2-12.9, and 2.3-5.7 improvement on all cosmological model parameters when compared to those obtained from the mean pairwise velocity, and the redshift-space halo power spectrum, respectively. Thus the new statistic paves a way forward to constrain cosmological parameters independent of the optical depth and $σ_8$ using data from future kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich experiments alone.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, submitted to A&A, comments welcome
Multi-mission view of extragalactic black hole X-ray binaries LMC X-1 and LMC X-3: evolution of broadband spectral features
Creators: name: R., Bhuvana G.
name: D., Radhika
name: Nandi, Anuj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extragalactic black hole X-ray binaries LMC X-1 and LMC X-3 are the persistent sources, usually found in soft spectral state. We present the results from spectral and timing study of these sources using MAXI, NICER, NuSTAR and AstroSat observations carried out during 2014-2020. Study of long-term MAXI lightcurve shows that the fractional variability of flux in 2-10keV is moderate ($\sim$20%) in LMCX-1 and high ($\sim$50%) in LMCX-3. The energy spectra of both sources are characterized by a disc blackbody and a Comptonization component with LMCX-1 having an additional Fe-line emission feature. NICER (0.3-10keV), NuSTAR (3.0-40keV) and AstroSat (0.5-20keV) spectral analysis collectively show that LMC X-1 remained in the soft state (disc flux contribution $f_{disc}>80$%, photon index$Γ\sim2.06-4.08$) throughout 2014-2020. Mass accretion rate, $\dot{M}$ of LMC X-1 calculated from bolometric luminosity (0.1-50keV) is found to be within $0.07-0.24\dot{M}_{Edd}$ (Eddington mass accretion rate). Although LMC X-3 remained in the soft state ($f_{disc}>95\%,Γ\sim2.3$) during most of the time, it exhibits transition into intermediate ($f_{disc}=47-73\%,Γ\sim2.02-2.36$) and hard state ($f_{disc}\sim26\%,Γ\sim1.6$). $\dot{M}$ of LMC X-3 through different spectral states varies within $0.01-0.42\dot{M}_{Edd}$. Temporal study show that the Power Density Spectra (PDS) in 0.3-10keV follow a red-noise with rms of 2% for LMC X-1 and in case of LMC X-3, it is 0.08-2.35% during the soft state, but relatively high in the intermediate(3.05-4.91%) and hard state($\sim$17.06%). From continuum-fitting method we constrain spin of LMC X-1 and LMC X-3 to be within 0.85-0.94 and 0.16-0.33 respectively and from Fe-line fitting method, spin of LMC X-1 is found to be 0.93-0.94. Finally, we discuss the implication of our findings in the context of accretion disc dynamics around the vicinity of the BHs.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ASR
All-optical control of phase singularities using strong light-matter coupling
Creators: name: Thomas, Philip A.
name: Menghrajani, Kishan S.
name: Barnes, William L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong light-matter coupling occurs when the coupling strength between a confined electromagnetic mode and a molecular resonance exceeds losses to the environment. The study of strong coupling has been motivated by applications such as lasing and the modification of chemical processes. Here we show that strong coupling can be used to create phase singularities. Many nanophotonic structures have been designed to generate phase singularities for use in sensing and optoelectronics. We utilise the concept of cavity-free strong coupling, where electromagnetic modes sustained by a material are strong enough to strongly couple to the material's own molecular resonance, to create phase singularities in a simple thin film of organic molecules. We show that the use of photochromic molecules allows for all-optical control of phase singularities. Our results suggest a new application for strong light-matter coupling and a new, simplified, more versatile pathway to singular phase optics.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
Heavy-quark spin polarization induced by the Kondo effect in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Suenaga, Daiki
name: Araki, Yasufumi
name: Suzuki, Kei
name: Yasui, Shigehiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new mechanism of the heavy-quark spin polarization (HQSP) in quark matter induced by the Kondo effect under external magnetic field. The Kondo effect is caused by a condensate between a heavy and a light quark called the Kondo condensate leading to a mixing of the heavy and light quark spins. Thus the HQSP is driven through the Kondo effect from light quarks coupling with the magnetic field in quark matter. For demonstration, we employ the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio type model under a magnetic field, and investigate the HQSP within the linear response theory with vertex corrections required by the $U(1)_{\rm EM}$ electromagnetic gauge invariance. As a result, we find that the HQSP arises significantly with the appearance of the Kondo effect. Our findings are testable in future sign-problem-free lattice simulations.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures
Hydrodynamic attractors in heavy ion collisions: a review
Creators: name: Soloviev, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A review of the recent progress of relativistic hydrodynamic attractors is presented, with a focus on applications in heavy ion collisions and the quark gluon plasma. Pedagogical introductions to the effective descriptions relevant for attractors in high energy physics, namely hydrodynamics, holography and kinetic theory, are followed by highlights of some recent advances.
description: 46 pages, 8 figures. Invited review article for EPJ C special issue "Frontiers in Holographic Duality." v2: added a discussion on non-conformal systems and an appendix of useful abbreviations, references updated, typos corrected. Version accepted for publication
title: SOfIoTS: ontological framework, demonstration outcomes, and recommendations for further work
Creators: name: Smart, Paul
name: Boniface, Michael
name: Jarwar, Muhammad Aslam
name: Watson, Jeremy
Publisher: name: PETRAS National Centre of Excellence
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ontology, Cybersecurity, Internet of Things (IoT), Basic Formal Ontology, Semantic Web, Risk, Trustworthiness, Digital Twin, Active Inference, Predictive Processing

description: The Secure Ontologies for the Internet of Things (SOfIoTS) project seeks to advance our understanding of the current state-of-the-art in respect of IoT security ontologies. It also aims to extend the current state-of-the-art by specifying an expansible IoT ontological framework that can be integrated with the UK Digital Twin model. The present report summarizes the progress made in respect of these objectives. In particular, we describe how a common upper-level ontology, called Basic Formal Ontology (BFO), can be used to model security concepts, IoT devices, digital twins, IoT data flows, and human factors.
Hide-and-seek in Macquarie University Library: geocaching as an educational and outreach tool
Creators: name: Spencer, Andrew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Geocaching is an activity which libraries of all types can use as an educational and promotional tool. It is a variation on a scavenger hunt and allows libraries to showcase their services and facilities to people who may not be regular users of the library. Geocaching can also be used by libraries as an educational tool, and examples of educational outcomes related to geocaching are provided. The placement of a geocache within the Macquarie University Library building is used as an example of a library using geocaching as an educational and outreach tool. The geocache has received a very positive response from the local geocaching community. This article provides some background to geocaching, as well as examples of library-related geocaches from around the world.
Collective Cell Movement in Cell-Scale Tension Gradient on Tissue Interface
Creators: name: Matsushita, Katsuyoshi
name: Hashimura, Hidenori
name: Kuwayama, Hidekazu
name: Fujimoto, Koichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we examine the emergence of cell flow induced by a tension gradient on a tissue interface as in the case of the Marangoni flow on liquid interface. We consider the molecule density polarity of the heterophilic adhesion between tissues as the origin of the tension gradient. By applying the cellular Potts model, we demonstrate that polarization in concentration (i.e., intracellular localization) of heterophilic adhesion molecules can induce a cell flow similar to the Marangoni flow. In contrast to the ordinary Marangoni flow, this flow is oriented in the opposite direction to that of the tension gradient. The optimal range of adhesion strength is also identified for the existence of this flow.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
The investigation of low frequency dilaton generation
Creators: name: Denisov, V. I.
name: Denisova, I. P.
name: Einiev, E. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electromagnetic source of dilaton is a first invariant of the electromagnetic field tensor. For electromagnetic waves, this invariant can be non zero only in the near zone. Pulsars and magnetars are natural sources of this type. We calculated the generation of dilatons by coherent electromagnetic field of rotating magnetic dipole moment of pulsars and magnetars. It is shown that the radiation of dilaton waves occurs at the two frequencies: the rotation frequency of the magnetic dipole moment of the neutron star and the twice frequency. The generation of dilaton at the rotation frequency is maximal in the case when the angle between the magnetic dipole moment and the axis of its rotation is equal to 45 degree. If this angle is equal to 90 degree, then dilaton radiation at the rotation frequency does not occur. The generation of dilaton at the twice frequency is maximal in the case when the angle between the magnetic dipole and the axis of its rotation is equal to 90 degree. Angular distribution of radiation of dilatons having a rotation frequency has a maximum along conic surfaces 45 degree. Angular distribution of radiation of dilatons having a frequency of the twice rotation frequency, has a maximum in the plane which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation.
description: 7 pages
Photon-photon scattering from a UV-complete gravity QFT
Creators: name: Holdom, Bob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum quadratic gravity (QQG) produces a tree-level differential cross section for $γγ\toγγ$ that is well-behaved at all energies. From this we can study how the corrections to low energy scattering amplitudes are related to the UV physics, in particular to the exchange of the massive graviparticles. An effective forward scattering amplitude is obtained by separating out the effects of the $t$-channel graviton pole. This is possible due to the UV-completeness, and even though the Froissart bound is not satisfied. We then consider photon-photon scattering to two graviparticles and a further imaginary contribution to the $γγ\toγγ$ forward scattering amplitude. Unitarity without positivity is a key property of QQG and it impacts all our results.
description: 14 pages, no figures
Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols Catalyzed by a New ZnO Supported Copper Oxide Nanocatalyst in Aqueous Media
Creators: name: Albadi, Jalal
name: Alihoseinzadeh, Amir
name: Mansournezhad, Azam
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology

description: GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Sulphamic Acid: An Efficient, Cost Effective Catalyst for Facile Synthesis of Deazaoxaflavin at Ambient Temperature
Creators: name: Mansing M. Mane
name: Dattaprasad M. Pore
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biotechnology
Molecular Biology
Medicine
Biochemistry
Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Earth and Environmental Sciences

description: GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
A Reduced basis for CP violation in SMEFT at colliders and its application to Diboson production
Creators: name: Degrande, Céline
name: Touchèque, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that only 10 (17) CP-odd operators of the SMEFT give the leading, i.e. least suppressed by the new physics scale, CP-violating contributions once we assume that all fermions are massless but the top (and bottom) quark(s). We start with a short review of previous analyses focusing on operators of our reduced basis and list different observables probing their CP violating effects by direct measurements at colliders and by indirect measurements in low-energy observables. Since CP-odd operators typically lead to phase space suppressed interferences, we quantify the efficiency to revive the interference for various observables found in the literature but also for new observables in diboson production. Our new observables are found to be more efficient on the whole experimental fiducial phase space and are complementary to those presented so far as they probe different combinations of operators and get their sensitivities from different regions of the phase space.
Maximal speed for macroscopic particle transport in the Bose-Hubbard model
Creators: name: Faupin, Jérémy
name: Lemm, Marius
name: Sigal, Israel Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lieb-Robinson bound asserts the existence of a maximal propagation speed for the quantum dynamics of lattice spin systems. Such general bounds are not available for most bosonic lattice gases due to their unbounded local interactions. Here we establish for the first time a general ballistic upper bound on macroscopic particle transport in the paradigmatic Bose-Hubbard model. The bound is the first to cover a broad class of initial states with positive density including Mott states, which resolves a longstanding open problem. It applies to Bose-Hubbard type models on any lattice with not too long-ranged hopping. The proof is rigorous and rests on controlling the time evolution of a new kind of adiabatic spacetime localization observable via iterative differential inequalities.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
title: Séminaire des doctorants ERIBIA 2020_2021
Publisher: name: Centre d'Enseignement Multimédia Universitaire (C.E.M.U.)Université de Caen Normandie
Year: 2020

description: Le laboratoire ERIBIA propose un séminaire interdisciplinaire qui réunit les chercheurs littéraires et civilisationnistes de LSA et de GREI et leurs invités de la communauté universitaire internationale et nationale. Au cours de ces dernières années, le Séminaire ERIBIA s’est interrogé sur plusieurs questions en rapport avec la mémoire.
Polarisation switching and molecular relaxation behaviour of anthraquinone dye-dispersed polymer-stabilised ferroelectric liquid crystal composites
Creators: name: Rishi Kumar
name: K.K. Raina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Chemistry
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Physiology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Guest–host polymer-stabilised ferroelectric liquid crystal (GH-PSFLC) composite films have been prepared with dispersion of small concentration (0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 wt%) of anthraquinone blue dye in PSFLC host matrix via a polymerisation-induced phase separation (PIPS) process. The variation in alignment and size of twisted fibril has been observed in the optical textures of the guest–host composites with different wt/wt ratio of anthraquinone dye. The electrical and dielectric properties of PSFLC mixture and its guest–host derivatives are studied. Our results showed that an optimum amount of dye concentration (0.1 wt%) enhances the dielectric permittivity as well as the spontaneous polarisation of the GH-PSFLC material in the SmC* phase.
Performance and Emissions Characteristics of Hydroprocessed Renewable Jet Fuel Blends in a Single-Cylinder Compression Ignition Engine with Electronically Controlled Fuel Injection
Creators: name: Mangus, Michael
name: Mattson, Jonathan
name: Depcik, Christopher
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Engineering
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: To offset the usage of petroleum-based jet-propellant, alternative jet fuels made from sustainable sources are being researched. Due to the Single Fuel Forward Policy, these jet propellant fuels are being used in compression ignition (CI) engines designed to burn ultra-low-sulfur-diesel (ULSD). In the current study, a single-cylinder CI engine with electronic injection timing burns ULSD, jet propellant (Jet-A), and blends of Jet-A with hydrotreated renewable aviation fuel (R-8). Results for Jet-A and R-8 indicate that injection modulation provides performance that is similar or improved compared to ULSD, particularly when considering fuel consumption. Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbon emissions are all lower than ULSD for both aviation fuels while yielding similar particulate matter emissions. Results show that re-calibration of engine injection timing in order to account for differing aviation fuels could prove advantageous for military logistics through improved fuel consumption.
Cluster expansion and resurgence in Polyakov model
Creators: name: Pazarbaşı, Cihan
name: Ünsal, Mithat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Polyakov model, a non-perturbative mass gap is formed at leading order semi-classics by instanton effects. By using the notions of critical points at infinity, cluster expansion and Lefschetz thimbles, we show that a third order effect in semi-classics gives an imaginary ambiguous contribution to mass gap, which is supposed to be real and unambiguous. This is troublesome for the original analysis, and it is difficult to resolve this issue directly in QFT. However, we find a new compactification of Polyakov model to quantum mechanics, by using a background 't Hooft flux (or coupling to TQFT). The compactification has the merit of remembering the monopole-instantons of the full QFT within Born-Oppenheimer (BO) approximation, while the periodic compactification does not. In QM, we prove the resurgent cancellation of the ambiguity in 3-instanton sector against ambiguity in the Borel resummation of the perturbation theory around 1-instanton. Assuming that this result holds in QFT, we provide a large-order asymptotics of perturbation theory around perturbative vacuum and instanton.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Doublon production in correlated materials by multiple ion impacts
Creators: name: Borkowski, Lotte
name: Schlünzen, Niclas
name: Joost, Jan Philip
name: Reiser, Franziska
name: Bonitz, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent Letter [Balzer \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{121}, 267602 (2018)] it was demonstrated that ions impacting a correlated graphene cluster can excite strongly nonequilibrium states. In particular, this can lead to an enhanced population of bound pairs of electrons with opposite spin -- doublons -- where the doublon number can be increased via multiple ion impacts. These predictions were made based on nonequilibrium Green functions (NEGF) simulations allowing for a time-dependent non-perturbative study of the energy loss of charged particles penetrating a strongly correlated system. Here we extend these simulations to larger clusters and longer simulation times, utilizing the recently developed G1--G2 scheme [Schünzen \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{124}, 076601 (2020)] which allows for a dramatic speedup of NEGF simulations. Furthermore, we investigate the dependence of the energy and doublon number on the time interval between ion impacts and on the impact point.
Is the high-energy neutrino event IceCube-200530A associated with a hydrogen-rich superluminous supernova?
Creators: name: Pitik, Tetyana
name: Tamborra, Irene
name: Angus, Charlotte R.
name: Auchettl, Katie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) follow-up campaign of alerts released by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory has led to the likely identification of the transient AT2019fdr as the source of the neutrino event IC200530A. AT2019fdr was initially suggested to be a tidal disruption event in a Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxy. However, the combination of its spectral properties, color evolution, and feature-rich light curve suggests that AT2019fdr may be a Type IIn superluminous supernova. In the latter scenario, IC200530A may have been produced via inelastic proton-proton collisions between the relativistic protons accelerated at the forward shock and the cold protons of the circumstellar medium. Here, we investigate this possibility and find that at most $4.6\times 10^{-2}$ muon neutrino and antineutrino events are expected to be detected by the IceCube Neutrino Observatory within $394$ days of discovery in the case of excellent discrimination of the atmospheric background. After correcting for the Eddington bias, which occurs when a single cosmic neutrino event is adopted to infer the neutrino emission at the source, we conclude that IC200530A may originate from the hydrogen-rich superluminous supernova AT2019fdr.
description: 16 pages, including 10 figures. Improved modeling for neutrino production, conclusions unchanged, matches version accepted for publication in ApJ
Local large temperature difference and ultra-wideband photothermoelectric response of the silver nanostructure film/carbon nanotube film heterostructure
Creators: name: Lv, Bocheng
name: Wu, Weidong
name: Xie, Yan
name: Zhu, Jia-Lin
name: Cao, Yang
name: Ma, Wanyun
name: Yang, Ning
name: Chu, Weidong
name: Wei, Jinquan
name: Sun, Jia-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 78

description: Photothermoelectric materials have important applications in many fields. Here, we joined a silver nanostructure film (AgNSF) and a carbon nanotube film (CNTF) by van der Waals force to form a AgNSF/CNTF heterojunction, which shows excellent photothermal and photoelectric conversion properties. The local temperature difference and the output photovoltage increase rapidly when the heterojunction is irradiated by lasers with wavelengths ranging from ultraviolet to terahertz. The maximum of the local temperature difference reaches 205.9 K, which is significantly higher than that of other photothermoelectric materials reported in literatures. The photothermal and photoelectric responsivity depend on the wavelength of lasers, which are 175-601 K/W and 9.35-40.4 mV/W, respectively. We demonstrate that light absorption of the carbon nanotube is enhanced by local surface plasmons, and the output photovoltage is dominated by Seebeck effect. The AgNSF/CNTF heterostructure can be used as high-efficiency sensitive photothermal materials or as ultra-wideband fast-response photoelectric material.
description: 11 figures
Generation of Intense Phase-Stable Femtosecond Hard X-ray Pulse Pairs
Creators: name: Zhang, Yu
name: Kroll, Thomas
name: Weninger, Clemens
name: Michine, Yurina
name: Fuller, Franklin D.
name: Zhu, Diling
name: Alonso-Mori, Roberto
name: Sokaras, Dimosthenis
name: Lutman, Alberto
name: Halavanau, Aliaksei
name: Pellegrini, Claudio
name: Benediktovitch, Andrei
name: Yabashi, Makina
name: Inoue, Ichiro
name: Inubushi, Yuichi
name: Osaka, Taito
name: Yamada, Jumpei
name: Babu, Ganguli
name: Salpekar, Devashish
name: Sayed, Farheen N.
name: Ajayan, Pulickel M.
name: Kern, Jan
name: Yano, Junko
name: Yachandra, Vittal K.
name: Yoneda, Hitoki
name: Rohringer, Nina
name: Bergmann, Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81V45

description: Coherent nonlinear spectroscopies and imaging in the X-ray domain provide direct insight into the coupled motions of electrons and nuclei with resolution on the electronic length and time scale. The experimental realization of such techniques will strongly benefit from access to intense, coherent pairs of femtosecond X-ray pulses. We have observed phase-stable X-ray pulse pairs containing more thank 3 x 10e7 photons at 5.9 keV (2.1 Angstrom) with about 1 fs duration and 2-5 fs separation. The highly directional pulse pairs are manifested by interference fringes in the superfluorescent and seeded stimulated manganese K-alpha emission induced by an X-ray free-electron laser. The fringes constitute the time-frequency X-ray analogue of the Young double-slit interference allowing for frequency-domain X-ray measurements with attosecond time resolution.
description: 39 pages, 13 figures, to be published
Boundedness from below of SU(n) potentials
Creators: name: Fonseca, Renato M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vacuum stability requires that the scalar potential is bounded from below. Whether or not this is true depends on the scalar quartic interactions alone, but even so the analysis is arduous and has only been carried out for a limited set of models. Complementing the existing literature, this work contains the necessary and sufficient conditions for two SU(n) invariant potentials to be bounded from below. In particular, expressions are given for models with the fundamental and the 2-index (anti)symmetric representations of this group. A sufficient condition for vacuum stability is also provided for models with the fundamental and the adjoint representations. Finally, some considerations are made concerning the model with the gauge group SU(2) and the scalar representations $\boldsymbol{1}$, $\boldsymbol{2}$ and $\boldsymbol{3}$; such a setup is particularly important for neutrino mass generation and lepton number violation.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
Gradient zigzag metamaterial beams as broadband vibration isolators for beam-like structures
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun
name: Zhanga, Xuebin
name: Zhang, Han
name: Bi, Xiaoyang
name: Hu, Ning
name: Zhang, Chuanzeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phononic crystals (PCs) and metamaterials are artificially structured materials with the unprecedented property of the existence of complete stop-bands. However, the generally narrow width of the stop-bands in such materials severely limits their applicability. Here, a particular kind of gradient zigzag metamaterial beams exclusively with flat bands within a broad frequency range is proposed based upon our previously proposed uniform counterparts. The calculated band structures by the Finite Element Method (FEM) and the Spectral Element Method (SEM) show the distinctly different characteristics of the gradient zigzag metamaterial beams from the conventional PCs and metamaterials, where the band structures are totally filled with flat bands within a broad frequency range without the normal pass bands. These flat bands are caused by the local resonance of certain parts in the gradient zigzag metamaterial beams, and the elastic waves with the frequencies at these flat bands are trapped in the resonant parts and cannot propagate. As a result, our proposed gradient zigzag metamaterial beams can be used as broadband vibration isolators for beam-like structures, which is verified by both numerical simulations and experiments conducted on the 3D-printed samples. This design strategy opens a new avenue for designing and constructing novel broadband vibration isolators.
title: Simondon et l'analogie
Publisher: name: UFR SLHS
Year: 2020

description: Simondon et l’analogie         organisées avec le soutien du Projet Chrysalide 2020 « Les puissances de l’analogie », jeudi 1er octobre (14h-17h30) et vendredi 2 octobre 2020 (9h-16h30) à l’Université de Franche-Comté, UFR SLHS, Grand Salon, entrée par le 18 rue Chifflet (1er étage), Besançon.    Conférences de : Jean-Hugues Barthélémy, Jean-Yves Chateau, Michaël Crevoisier, Fabien Ferri, Anne Lefebvre, Sacha Loeve, Arnaud Macé et Carole Widmaier.
Native or introduced? A re-evaluation of Pyropia species (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) from Brazil based on molecular analyses
Creators: name: Milstein, Daniela
name: Medeiros, Amanda S.
name: Oliveira, Eurico C.
name: Oliveira, Mariana C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Cell Biology

description: The genus Porphyra sensu lato of the Bangiales has been reported from the Brazilian coast since the 19th century. However, a major worldwide taxonomic revision of the Bangiales indicated that the foliose genus present in Brazil was Pyropia and that Porphyra sensu stricto has not been recorded from this region. A revision of the species of Pyropia in Brazil, based on sequence analysis of molecular markers (rbcL and SSU rDNA) and complemented with morphology, revealed the occurrence of five distinct species in Brazil: P. acanthophora, P. spiralis, P. suborbiculata, P. tanegashimensis and P. vietnamensis. Possible events of Pyropia species introduction in Brazil are discussed in the context of phylogenetic analyses. Pyropia acanthophora and P. spiralis, regarded as southwestern Atlantic species, were not closely related in phylogenetic analyses. Pyropia acanthophora grouped with the possibly introduced Indo-Pacific species P. suborbiculata, P. tanegashimensis and P. vietnamensis. Analysis of available COI-5P and UPA sequences indicated that P. acanthophora occurs in the Hawaiian Islands. These results suggest that P. acanthophora, contrary to previous views, may not be endemic to Brazil. Pyropia spiralis, which is supposedly the only native Pyropia species in Brazil, grouped with species from the Mexican Pacific coast, and its origin along the southwestern Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea is discussed.
Performance and Emissions Characteristics of Hydroprocessed Renewable Jet Fuel Blends in a Single-Cylinder Compression Ignition Engine with Electronically-Controlled Fuel Injection
Creators: name: Mangus, Michael
name: Mattson, Jonathan
name: Depcik, Christopher
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Engineering
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: To offset the usage of petroleum-based jet-propellant, alternative jet fuels made from sustainable sources are being researched. Due to the Single Fuel Forward Policy, these jet propellant fuels are being used in compression ignition (CI) engines designed to burn ultra-low-sulfur-diesel (ULSD). In the current study, a single-cylinder CI engine with electronic injection timing burns ULSD, jet propellant (Jet-A), and blends of Jet-A with hydrotreated renewable aviation fuel (R-8). Results for Jet-A and R-8 indicate that injection modulation provides performance that is similar or improved compared to ULSD, particularly when considering fuel consumption. Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbon emissions are all lower than ULSD for both aviation fuels while yielding similar particulate matter emissions. Results show that re-calibration of engine injection timing in order to account for differing aviation fuels could prove advantageous for military logistics through improved fuel consumption.
Purcell modification of Auger and interatomic Coulombic decay
Creators: name: Franz, Janine
name: Buhmann, Stefan Yoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An excited two-atom system can decay via different competing relaxation processes. If the excess energy is sufficiently high the system may not only relax via spontaneous emission but can also undergo interatomic Coulombic decay (ICD) or even Auger decay. We provide analytical expressions for the rates by including them into the same quantum optical framework on the basis of macroscopic quantum electrodynamics. By comparing the rates in free space we derive the atomic properties determining which decay channel dominates the relaxation. We show that by modifying the excitation propagation of the respective process via macroscopic bodies, in the spirit of the Purcell effect, one can control the ratio between the two dominating decay rates. We can relate the magnitude of the effect to characteristic length scales of each process, analyse the impact of a simple close-by surface onto a general two-atom system in detail and discuss the effect of a cavity onto the decay rates. We finally apply our theory to the example of a doubly excited HeNe-dimer.
Symmetric inseparability and number entanglement in charge conserving mixed states
Creators: name: Ma, Zhanyu
name: Han, Cheolhee
name: Meir, Yigal
name: Sela, Eran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore sufficient conditions for inseparability in mixed states with a globally conserved charge, such as a particle number. We argue that even separable states may contain entanglement in fixed charge sectors, as long as the state can not be separated into charge conserving components. As a witness of symmetric inseparability we study the number entanglement (NE), $ΔS_m$, defined as the entropy change due to a subsystem's charge measurement. Whenever $ΔS_m > 0$, there exist inseparable charge sectors, having finite (logarithmic) negativity, even when the full state is either separable or has vanishing negativity. We demonstrate that the NE is not only a witness of symmetric inseparability, but also an entanglement monotone. Finally, we study the scaling of $ΔS_m$ in thermal 1D systems combining high temperature expansion and conformal field theory.
description: The title was changed, journal reference added
Telomere dynamics in human pluripotent stem cells
Creators: name: Ma, Buyun
name: Martínez, Paula
name: Sánchez-Vázquez, Raúl
name: Blasco, Maria A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are a promising source of stem cells for regenerative therapies. Stem cell function depends on telomere maintenance mechanisms that provide them with the proliferative capacity and genome stability necessary to multiply and regenerate tissues. We show here that established human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have stable telomere length that is dependent on telomerase but not on alternative mechanisms based on homologous recombination pathways. Here, we show that human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) reprogrammed from somatic cells show progressive telomere lengthening until reaching a length similar to ESCs. hiPSCs also acquire telomeric chromatin marks of ESCs including decreased abundance of tri-methylated histone H3K9 and H4K20 and HP1 heterochromatic marks, as well as of the shelterin component TRF2. These chromatin features are accompanied with increased abundance of telomere transcripts or TERRAs. We also found that telomeres of both hESCs and hiPSCs are well protected from DNA damage during telomere elongation and once full telomere length is achieved, and exhibit stable genomes. Collectively, this study highlights that hiPSCs acquire ESC features during reprogramming and reveals the telomere biology in human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs). We show that established human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have a maximum and stable telomere length that is dependent on telomerase but not on the alternative homologous recombination pathway or ALT. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) reprogrammed from somatic cells show progressive telomere lengthening until reaching a length similar maximum telomere length than ESCs, suggesting that telomere length is regulated by epigenetic mechanisms in human cells. In this regard, hiPSCs acquire telomeric chromatin marks characteristic of an “open chromatin” including increased abundance of telomere transcripts or TERRAs. Telomeres of both hESCs and hiPSCs are well protected during telomere elongation and exhibit stable genomes. Collectively, this study highlights that hiPSCs acquire ESC features during reprogramming and reveals the telomere biology in human pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs).
CESSDA SaW D1.1: 1st Period Administrative Report
Creators: name: Ilijasic Versic, Ivana
name: Milon, Jean-Baptiste
name: Kvalheim, Vigdis
name: Krejci, Jindrich
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Project Management

description: The 1st Periodic Administrative Report informs about the use of resources and financial management of the CESSDA SAW project in the first 8 months of its duration. Each participant in the project (beneficiary and linked third party) produced a definitive statement of used resources by the end of the first reporting period. It also serves as the first documentation of mechanisms and tools (e.g. spreadsheet on PM expenditure, and Use of Resources document) used for the financial and administrative coordination of the project. It defines the current status of each partner’s project related finances and administrative activities and gives overview of the future planned expenses over the course of the project.
The role of lncRNA SNHG14 in gastric cancer: enhancing tumor cell proliferation and migration, and mechanisms of CDH2 expression
Creators: name: Dai, Zhou-Tong
name: Wu, Yong-Lin
name: Xu, Tao
name: Li, Xing-Rui
name: Ji, Teng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: LncRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs that play an important role in regulating gene expression. However, their specific molecular mechanisms in gastric carcinogenesis and metastasis need further exploration. TCGA data showed that the expression of MFGE8, which was closely related to survival, was significantly positively correlated with lncRNA SNHG14. And moreover, the results of high-throughput sequencing and qRT-PCR showed that lncRNA SNHG14 was significantly elevated in gastric cancer. Further, in vitro functional realization showed that lncRNA SNHG14 overexpression significantly increased gastric cancer’s proliferation, invasion and migration. Animal experiments also showed that lncRNA SNHG14 overexpression promoted tumorigenesis and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, MFGE8 activates the expression of lncRNA SNHG14, which activates the cellular EMT by stabilizing CDH2. Our study suggests that lncRNA SNHG14 could be a potential target for gastric cancer therapy. Gastric cancer is one of the malignant tumors with a high incidence and high mortality rate worldwide. The current treatment modalities for gastric cancer are surgery, chemotherapy and targeted therapy. However, the 5-year survival rate of gastric cancer patients is still less than 30%. The main reason for the low survival rate of gastric cancer patients is that most cases are already at an advanced disease stage when first diagnosed, with tumor metastasis, tumor heterogeneity and resistance to radiotherapy. TCGA data showed that the expression of MFGE8, which was closely related to survival, was significantly positively correlated with lncRNA SNHG14.We found that lncRNA SNHG14 expression was significantly elevated in gastric cancer by high-throughput sequencing. It was further confirmed in vitro and in vivo that overexpression of lncRNA SNHG14 promoted the proliferation and migration ability of gastric cancer. Mechanistically, lncRNA SNHG14 played an oncogene role by promoting CDH2 expression to activate EMT in tumor cells.
Boundaries for the Honeycomb Code
Creators: name: Haah, Jeongwan
name: Hastings, Matthew B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a simple construction of boundary conditions for the honeycomb code that uses only pairwise checks and allows parallelogram geometries at the cost of modifying the bulk measurement sequence. We discuss small instances of the code.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures; v2 final version in Quantum
A direct-sampling RF receiver for MOLLER beam charge measurement
Creators: name: Mei, Yuan
name: Li, Shujie
name: Arrington, John
name: Camilleri, Joseph
name: Cuda, Aled
name: Egelhoff, James
name: Kolomensky, Yury
name: Sichtermann, Ernst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed and tested a direct-sampling RF receiver capable of measuring the amplitude of a 1497 MHz sinusoidal signal in 0.5 ms integration windows to within <10 ppm relative uncertainty. The receiver is intended for measuring signals from beam current monitoring cavities on the beamline of the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson Laboratory. The signal strength, frequency, and integration window are consistent with the thus far unmet requirements of the upcoming MOLLER experiment to measure the beam charge for different helicity states.
Marmite Matters: Marmageddon and coping with disaster in New Zealand
Creators: name: Barrer, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Marmite
New Zealand
Marmageddon
Kiwiana
Vegemite
national identity

description: The chapter looks at the importance of New Zealand Marmite (a dark, salty yeast-extract spread and noble by-product of beer brewing) as a form of Kiwiana, it discusses the Marmite shortage known as 'Marmageddon', and it contemplates some important cultural connections between New Zealand and Australia. https://edit.elte.hu/xmlui/handle/10831/47288 https://edit.elte.hu/xmlui/handle/10831/47263
The Diversity of Core Halo Structure in the Fuzzy Dark Matter Model
Creators: name: Chan, Hei Yin Jowett
name: Ferreira, Elisa G. M.
name: May, Simon
name: Hayashi, Kohei
name: Chiba, Masashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the fuzzy dark matter (FDM) model, gravitationally collapsed objects always consist of a solitonic core located within a virialised halo. Although various numerical simulations have confirmed that the collapsed structure can be described by a cored NFW like density profile, there is still disagreement about the relation between the core mass and the halo mass. To fully understand this relation, we have assembled a large sample of cored haloes based on both idealised soliton mergers and cosmological simulations with various box sizes. We find that there exists a sizeable dispersion in the core-halo mass relation that increases with halo mass, indicating that the FDM model allows cores and haloes to coexist in diverse configurations. We provide a new empirical equation for a core halo mass relation with uncertainties that can encompass all previously found relations in the dispersion, and emphasise that any observational constraints on the particle mass using a tight one-to-one core-halo mass relation should suffer from an additional uncertainty on the order of 50 % for halo masses $ \ge 10^9 (8 \times 10^{-23} eV/ (mc^2))^{3/2} M_\odot$. We suggest that tidal stripping may be one of the effects contributing to the scatter in the relation.
Overview of the RET Project
Creators: name: Lips, Karen
name: Direnzo, Graziella
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Zoology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This describes the overall project, the 5 components, and lessons learned. It also incudes links to our 2 YouTube videos: Panama: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s8UlStXyc5s North Carolina: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8e1yo7C-thE