cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Levy processes and Fourier analysis on compact Lie groups
Creators: name: Liao, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B15 (Primary) 58J65. (Secondary)

description: We study the Fourier expansion of the distribution density of a Levy process in a compact Lie group based on the Peter-Weyl theorem.
description: Published by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org) in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000306
Devonian eublastoids (Echinodermata) from the Armorican Massif (NW France): a brief review of 150 years of investigation
Creators: name: NOIRIT, Florian
name: WATERS, Johnny A.
name: BAUER, Jennifer E.
name: LEFEBVRE, Bertrand
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2024

description: First documented in 1876 in the Armorican Massif, eublastoids are known by a limited number of specimens assigned to three taxa: Belemnocrinus cottaldi [now Belocrinus cottaldi (Munier-Chalmas, 1876)], Cordyloblastus clavatus [now Hyperoblastus clavatus (Schultze, 1866)], and C. eifeliensis [now Altusoblastus eifeliensis (Roemer, 1855)] and unidentified forms, ranging from the Pragian (Early Devonian) to the Givetian (Middle Devonian). Although Armorican eublastoids remained largely unstudied in the last 50 years, major advances on the internal anatomy, taxonomy and systematics of this clade of echinoderms have been achieved around the world. These new data provide insights for future investigations on Devonian eublastoids from the Armorican Massif, based on historically published and unpublished material, as well as new samples collected in the last five years in its westernmost part (Brest Bay area).
Additional file 3 of Inconsistent descriptions of lumbar multifidus morphology: A scoping review
Creators: name: Hofste, Anke
name: Soer, Remko
name: Hermie J. Hermens
name: Wagner, Heiko
name: Oosterveld, Frits G. J.
name: Wolff, André P.
name: Groen, Gerbrand J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Data extraction of all included studies.
Predictive Maxwell's Demons
Creators: name: Rupprecht, Nathaniel
name: Vural, Dervis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we study the operation efficiency of a finite-size finite-response-time Maxwell's demon, who can make future predictions. We compare the heat and mass transport rate of predictive demons to non-predictive ones and find that predictive demons can achieve higher mass and heat transport rates over longer periods of time. We determine how the demon performance varies with response time, future sight, and the density of the gasses on which they operate.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Testing aggregation consistency across geography and commodities
Creators: name: Liu, Qinghua
name: Shumway, C. Richard
name: Liu, Qinghua
name: Shumway, C. Richard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Farm Management

description: Consistent aggregation of production data across commodities and Western USA states was tested using Lewbel's generalised composite commodity theorem. The applicability of the generalised composite commodity theorem for testing consistent geographic aggregation was demonstrated and applied to two groups of states. Consistent commodity aggregation was tested in each state for two output groups and three input groups and in one state for a larger number of groups. Most tests for commodity aggregation supported consistent aggregation of inputs but not outputs. Consistent geographic aggregation was supported for each output and input category across Pacific Northwest states but only for inputs across all Western states.
QCD Vacuum Topology and Glueballs
Creators: name: Forkel, Hilmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We outline a comprehensive study of spin-0 glueball properties which, in particular, keeps track of the topological gluon structure. Specifically, we implement (semi-hard) topological instanton physics as well as topological charge screening in the QCD vacuum into the operator product expansion (OPE) of the glueball correlators. A realistic instanton size distribution and the (gauge-invariant) renormalization of the instanton contributions are also implemented. Predictions for 0^{++} and 0^{-+} glueball properties are presented.
description: 3 pages, no figures
Measuring the Hubble Constant with a sample of kilonovae
Creators: name: Coughlin, Michael W.
name: Antier, Sarah
name: Dietrich, Tim
name: Foley, Ryan J.
name: Heinzel, Jack
name: Bulla, Mattia
name: Christensen, Nelson
name: Coulter, David A.
name: Issa, Lina
name: Khetan, Nandita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kilonovae produced by the coalescence of compact binaries with at least one neutron star are promising standard sirens for an independent measurement of the Hubble constant ($H_0$). Through their detection via follow-up of gravitational-wave (GW), short gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs) or optical surveys, a large sample of kilonovae (even without GW data) can be used for $H_0$ contraints. Here, we show measurement of $H_0$ using light curves associated with four sGRBs, assuming these are attributable to kilonovae, combined with GW170817. Including a systematic uncertainty on the models that is as large as the statistical ones, we find $H_0 = 73.8^{+6.3}_{-5.8}$\,$\mathrm{km}$ $\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ $\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$ and $H_0 = 71.2^{+3.2}_{-3.1}$\,$\mathrm{km}$ $\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ $\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$ for two different kilonova models that are consistent with the local and inverse-distance ladder measurements. For a given model, this measurement is about a factor of 2-3 more precise than the standard-siren measurement for GW170817 using only GWs.
description: Updating GRB citations
Standards of initial training in Occupational Scientific Diving (OSD), a necessity for the mobility of scientists in Europe
Creators: name: FERAL, Jean-Pierre
name: NORRO, Alain
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2024

description: Diving is an effective way to observe, collect or experiment in situ on echinoderms and other coastal bottom living organisms. Using it in an occupational setting is not just a matter of skill. Having it recognized as a scientific technique is a challenge due to the "recreational" image associated with its practice. Its supposed danger and the chain of responsibility that an accident could trigger also make its administrative acceptance difficult. These aspects can constitute obstacles, especially for international collaborations. EU standards validated by Member States can guarantee the mobility of "diving" scientists in Europe. From the 1980s, we understood that the implementation of initial training developed according to these standards and a controlled issuance of certificates guaranteed the safety of the activity and makes underwater interventions possible for the different scientific disciplines concerned. These standards have been defined in the context of the occupational practice of professional scientists. However, the use of the term "scientific diving" in recreational diving, which is not subject to the same training and practice constraints, concerns citizens who may act voluntarily toward sciences. This new semantic blurs the original concept of scientific diving. A clarification between occupational and citizen practice is currently necessary.
Type II critical collapse on a single fixed grid: a gauge-driven ingoing boundary method
Creators: name: Rinne, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a numerical method suitable for gravitational collapse based on Cauchy evolution with an ingoing characteristic boundary. Unlike similar methods proposed recently (Ripley; Bieri, Garfinkle & Yau 2019/20), the numerical grid remains fixed during the evolution and no points need to be removed or added. Increasing coordinate refinement of the central region as the field collapses is achieved solely through the choice of spatial gauge and particularly its boundary condition. We apply this method to study critical collapse of a massless scalar field in spherical symmetry using maximal slicing and isotropic coordinates. Known results on mass scaling, discrete self-similarity and universality of the critical solution (Choptuik 1993) are reproduced using this considerably simpler numerical method.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Algebraic methods toward higher-order probability inequalities, II
Creators: name: Richards, Donald St. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E15 (Primary) 60J60. (Secondary)

description: Let (L,\preccurlyeq) be a finite distributive lattice, and suppose that the functions f_1,f_2:L\to R are monotone increasing with respect to the partial order \preccurlyeq. Given μa probability measure on L, denote by E(f_i) the average of f_i over L with respect to μ, i=1,2. Then the FKG inequality provides a condition on the measure μunder which the covariance, Cov(f_1,f_2):=E(f_1f_2)-E(f_1)E(f_2), is nonnegative. In this paper we derive a ``third-order'' generalization of the FKG inequality. We also establish fourth- and fifth-order generalizations of the FKG inequality and formulate a conjecture for a general mth-order generalization. For functions and measures on R^n we establish these inequalities by extending the method of diffusion processes. We provide several applications of the third-order inequality, generalizing earlier applications of the FKG inequality. Finally, we remark on some connections between the theory of total positivity and the existence of inequalities of FKG-type within the context of Riemannian manifolds.
description: Published by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org) in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000298
MPEC 2024-B11 : 2021 UL120
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2021 UL120

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Additional file 1 of Inconsistent descriptions of lumbar multifidus morphology: A scoping review
Creators: name: Hofste, Anke
name: Soer, Remko
name: Hermie J. Hermens
name: Wagner, Heiko
name: Oosterveld, Frits G. J.
name: Wolff, André P.
name: Groen, Gerbrand J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Search string.
Physical modelling of scouring around Protocinctus mansillaensis (Cincta, Echinodermata) gives insight on its ecology and feeding mechanism
Creators: name: DECAUX, Emilien
name: LEFEBVRE, Bertrand
name: RIVIERE, Nicolas
name: LOPEZ, Diego
name: PUIJALON, Sara
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2024

description: The study of atypical echinoderms like cinctans is problematic, because they cannot be anatomically compared to other taxa. Studying the hydrodynamics of feeding in this class is a promising source of information about their ecology. We designed a protocol that aims to extend this study to the scouring processes around a representative cinctan species: Protocinctus mansillaensis (Cincta, Echinodermata). Three-dimensional models of the species were printed and placed in a racetrack flume and then exposed to various current velocities to study the scouring mechanisms around the body of P. mansillaensis. Evolution of the produced scour marks were measured with a stream gauge, and current parameters were measured with an acoustic Doppler velocimeter. Our results show that this protocol can be used to model the cinctans' habitat and gives results that are consistent with the literature. Analysing scouring around the cinctan models showed that this species has a maximized stability when it is oriented with its stele towards the current. We also observed sedimentation inside the food grooves of the animal in this orientation, which supports the hypothesis that cinctans were passive suspension feeders with brachioles.
Schema reintegration using generic schema manipulation operators
Creators: name: Sun, Xun
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Schemas are very likely to be changed from time to time because of requirement changes, design revisions, database migration and such scenarios. Especially in a multi-user environment, schemas may be used by different groups or people and are modified to different versions. At some point in time, it is necessary to reintegrate the different versions and have a final unique version of the schema. Basically, the problem of creating the unique version is to merge the modified schemas. Previous works on schema merging describe how to merge two schemas given the mapping between them. In those works, the two schemas need not come from a common source schema. In fact, the original schema is often unavailable. However, in our scenario, we have the original schema, and we use it in decision-making. This simplifies what might otherwise be a complex matching procedure. We attempt to find a generic solution to the schema reintegration problem (i.e., when the original schema is present). In this thesis, we created a framework that implemented the schema reintegration algorithms using generic model management operators. These generic operators have been widely mentioned and explained abstractly in many previous papers. Here we have implemented each operator required, which necessitated formally defining and creating the algorithm for each operator used for this specific schema re-integration purpose. Our contributions are: (a) determining that the generic operators can be used for schema reintegration, and (b) designing, implementing, and analyzing the model management operators used in details.
title: Pulsed-laser growth of In2O3 thin films on YSZ(111) substrates
Creators: name: Hofinger, Jakob
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Oberflächenphysik
subject: Schichtwachstum
subject: Rastertunnelmikroskopie
subject: Oxidische Materialien
subject: Laserstrahlverdampfung
subject: Surface physics
subject: Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
subject: Oxide Materials
subject: Pulsed Laser Deposition
subject: Thin Film Growth

description: Indium(III) oxide (In2O3) is a wide bandgap semiconductor and belongs to the class of transparent conductive oxides, which combine high electrical conductivity and optical transparency in the visible region. Achieving a better understanding of the atomicscale surface characteristics by investigating well-defined single-crystal model systems is of paramount importance to optimize the functionality of In2O3-based technology. Undoped In2O3 single crystals are not commercially available, and synthetically grown ones are usually very small, limiting the investigation by area-averaging techniques such as temperature programmed desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). To compensate for the lack of large In2O3 single crystals, we have prepared well-ordered and atomically-flat In2O3(111) thin films, with a thickness of few hundreds of nanometres. The films were grown on Y-stabilized zirconia (111) substrates by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). Their structure, chemical composition, and morphology were characterized by electron (RHEED, LEED) and x-ray diffraction (XRD), XPS, atomic-force microscopy (AFM), and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). By optimizing the growth parameters (temperature and oxygen background pressure) and investigating their effect on the film morphology and structure, we could obtain In2O3(111) films exhibiting properties comparable to the best single crystalline samples available. According to AFM measurements after growth, such films exhibit atomically-flat terraces with an average terrace width of ∼ 150 nm, which increases the typical terrace width of an In2O3 single crystal by a factor of 3−4. XRD reveals that the In2O3 film adopts the cubic bixbyite structure. The out-of-plane lattice parameter, as well as the typical peak widths, are comparable to those of single-crystalline samples, indicating high crystalline quality. STM investigations show a very good agreement with the STM results of In2O3 single crystals, both on the small and on the large scale. The similarity in high resolution STM measurements strongly promotes the use of the grown films as an equivalent replacement of In2O3(111) single crystals for different experimental setups.
title: Parquet DΓA with self-consistent recalculation of the impurity vertex
Creators: name: Hörbinger, Felix
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: approximation

description: Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde die erste völlig selbstkonsistente Implementierung der Dynamischen Vertex Approximation (DGA) durchgeführt. Diese Methode erlaubt die Behandlung nicht-lokaler Korrelationen in stark korrelierten Elektronensystemen, die zu einigen der interessantesten Phänomenen der Festkörperphysik führen. Wir stellen die zugrundeliegenden Gleichungen, die Parquet Gleichungen, vor und skizzieren den Aufbau des Programms victory-code, das zur Lösung der Parquet Gleichungen verwendet wurde. Wir zeigen, wie man den völlig irreduziblen Vertex, der eine wichtige Komponente der DGA bildet, von den Zweiteilchen Greenschen Funktionen erhält, die wiederum mittels CT-QMC von einem Störstellenmodell berechnet werden. Ein besonderer Fokus dieser Arbeit liegt auf der Neuberechnung des Störstellenmodells, sodass Selbstkonsistenz auf dem Niveau der lokalen Einteilchen Greenschen Funktion erreicht wird. Diese (äußere) Selbstkonsistenz hat sich als besonders wichtig bei nicht-lokalen Wechselwirkungen herausgestellt, wie sie für das Benzol-Molekül eingeführt wurden. Wir präsentieren außerdem Ergebnisse für das zweidimensionale Hubbard Modell auf einem quadratischen Gitter, wo die äußere Selbstkonsistenz das Ergebnis für die derzeit ereichbaren Parameter nicht stark beeinflusst. Dennoch deuten die Ergebnisse auf mögliche d-Wellen Supraleitung im zweidimensionalen Hubbard Modell hin.
description: In this thesis, the first fully self-consistent implementation of the dynamical vertex approximation (DGA) in its parquet formulation was realized. The method provides a framework to treat non-local correlations in strongly correlated electron systems, which lead to some of the most interesting phenomena in solid-state physics. In this thesis, we give an introduction to the parquet-, Bethe-Salpeter- and Schwinger-Dyson-equations, which form the backbone of DGA. We further give a sketch of the parquet-solver used within this work, the victory-code. We then show how to extract the fully irreducible vertex, a key component of DGA, from two-particle Green's functions obtained in a CTQMC solution of the local impurity problem. A special focus lies on the update of the impurity problem to achieve self-consistency at the level of the local one-particle Green's function. This (outer) self-consistency is found to be particularly important with the introduction of non-local interactions, as is shown for the case of the benzene molecule. We also present results for the two dimensional Hubbard model on the square lattice, where the outer self-consistency does not impact the solution in a significant way at the currently attainable parameters. Nevertheless, the results indicate possible d-wave superconducting pairing in the two-dimensional Hubbard model.
Additional file 2 of Inconsistent descriptions of lumbar multifidus morphology: A scoping review
Creators: name: Hofste, Anke
name: Soer, Remko
name: Hermie J. Hermens
name: Wagner, Heiko
name: Oosterveld, Frits G. J.
name: Wolff, André P.
name: Groen, Gerbrand J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Included anatomy atlases.
Real Space Imaging of the Microscopic Origins of the Ultrahigh Dielectric Constant in Polycrystalline CaCu3Ti4O12
Creators: name: Kalinin, S. V.
name: Shin, J.
name: Veith, G. M.
name: Baddorf, A. P.
name: Lobanov, M. V.
name: Runge, H.
name: Greenblatt, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origins of an ultrahigh dielectric constant in polycrystalline CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) was studied using the combination of impedance spectroscopy, electron microscopy, and scanning probe microscopy (SPM). Impedance spectra indicate that the transport properties in the 0.1 Hz .. 1 MHz frequency range are dominated by a single parallel resistive-capacitive (RC) element with a characteristic relaxation frequency of 16 Hz. Dc potential distributions measurements by SPM illustrate that significant potential drops occur at the grain boundaries, which thus can be unambiguously identified as the dominant RC element. High frequency ac amplitude and phase distributions illustrate very weak contrast at the interfaces, which is indicative of strong capacitive coupling. These results demonstrate that the ultrahigh dielectric constant reported for polycrystalline CCTO materials are related to the grain boundary behavior.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
On the Tykhonov Well-posedness of an Antiplane Shear Problem
Creators: name: Sofonea, Mircea
name: Tarzia, Domingo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 74M15, 74M10, 74G25, 74G30, 49J40, 35M86

description: We consider a boundary value problem which describes the frictional antiplane shear of an elastic body. The process is static and friction is modeled with a slip-dependent version of Coulomb's law of dry friction. The weak formulation of the problem is in the form of a quasivariational inequality for the displacement field, denoted by $\cP$. We associated to problem $\cP$ a boundary optimal control problem, denoted by $\cQ$. For Problem $\cP$ we introduce the concept of well-posedness and for Problem $\cQ$ we introduce the concept of weakly and weakly generalized well-posedness, both associated to appropriate Tykhonov triples. Our main result are Theorems \ref{t1} and \ref{t2}. Theorem \ref{t1} provides the well-posedness of Problem $\cP$ and, as a consequence, the continuous dependence of the solution with respect to the data. Theorem \ref{t2} provides the weakly generalized well-posedness of Problem $\cQ$ and, under additional hypothesis, its weakly well posedness. The proofs of these theorems are based on arguments of compactness, lower semicontinuity, monotonicity and various estimates. Moreover, we provide the mechanical interpretation of our well-posedness results.
description: 21 pages
Dynamic pair-breaking current, critical superfluid velocity and nonlinear electromagnetic response of nonequilibrium superconductors
Creators: name: Sheikhzada, Ahmad
name: Gurevich, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report numerical calculations of a dynamic pairbreaking current density $J_d$ and a critical superfluid velocity $v_d$ in a nonequilibrium superconductor carrying a uniform, large-amplitude ac current density $J(t)=J_a\sinΩt$ with $Ω$ well below the gap frequency $Ω\ll Δ_0/\hbar$. The dependencies $J_d(Ω,T)$ and $v_d(Ω,T)$ near the critical temperature $T_c$ were calculated from either the full time-dependent nonequilibrium equations for a dirty s-wave superconductor and the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau (TDGL) equations for a gapped superconductor, taking into account the GL relaxation time of the order parameter $τ_{GL}$ and the inelastic electron-phonon relaxation time of quasiparticles $τ_E$. We show that both approaches give similar frequency dependencies of $J_d(Ω)$ and $v_d(Ω)$ which gradually increase from their static pairbreaking GL values $J_c$ and $v_c$ at $Ωτ_E\ll 1$ to $\sqrt{2}J_c$ and $\sqrt{2}v_c$ at $Ωτ_E\gg 1$. Here $J_d$, $v_d$ and a dynamic superheating field at which the Meissner state becomes unstable were calculated in two different regimes of a fixed ac current and a fixed ac superfluid velocity induced by the applied ac magnetic field $H=H_a\sinΩt$ in a thin superconducting filament or a type-II superconductor with a large GL parameter. We also calculated a nonlinear electromagnetic response of a nonequilibrium superconducting state, particularly a dynamic kinetic inductance and a dissipative quasiparticle conductivity, taking into account the oscillatory dynamics of superconducting condensate and the kinetics of quasiparticles driven by a strong ac current. It is shown that an ac current density produces multiple harmonics of the electric field, the amplitudes of the higher-order harmonics diminishing as $τ_E$ increases.
title: Der Block im Wandel : ein Prozess zur Nachverdichtung und Qualitätssteigerung bestehender gründerzeitlicher Strukturen
Creators: name: Ocvirk, Phillip
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Wohnen
subject: Block Typologie
subject: Housing
subject: Block Typologie

description: Innerhalb von drei Jahren ist die Zahl der Einwohner in Wien um knapp 100.000 gestiegen und die Nachfrage am Wohnungsmarkt steigt. Trotz neuer Bauprojekte an den Stadträndern herrscht eine hohe Nachfrage an qualitativ hochwertigen Wohnungen im Stadtinneren. Das Hauptaugenmerk dieser Diplomarbeit liegt nicht an der flächenmäßigen Ausweitung Wiens in den Randgebieten, sondern konzentriert sich auf die bestehenden innerstädtischen Strukturen. Der gründerzeitliche Bebauungsraster oder Blockraster weist eine oft sehr dichte oder zu dichte Bebauung auf. In diesem Zusammenhang wird meist auch eine hohe Verkehrsbelastung mit Einbußen in öffentlichen wie auch privaten Freiflächen kritisiert. Bestehende Qualitäten der gründerzeitlichen Stadtstruktur müssen erkannt, genutzt und weiterentwickelt werden. Im Zuge der Arbeit werden Planungsziele für ein modernes Stadtbild beschrieben welche die Stadt als Prozess und offen für ständige Entwicklung versteht. Anhand zweier exemplarischer Gründerzeitblöcke im zweiten Wiener Gemeindebezirk werden Möglichkeiten der Nachverdichtung sowie der Qualitätssteigerung aufgezeigt. Dabei steht eine liegenschafts- bzw. blockübergreifende Planung im Vordergrund, welche allgemeine wie auch individuelle Qualitäten thematisiert und ausformuliert.
description: In just three years, the number of inhabitants in Vienna has increased by just under 100.000 and demand for housing is rising. Despite new construction projects on the outskirts of the city, there is great demand for high-quality apartments in the city centre. The main focus of this thesis is not the expansion of Vienna in peripheral areas, but rather concentrates on the existing inner city structures. The building grid or block grid of the Gründerzeit is characterised by buildings that are by very close or too close together. In this context, this usually leads to high levels of congestion, as well as losses in both public and private open spaces. The existing qualities of the Gründerzeit city structure must be identified, used and developed further. In the course of this thesis, planning goals for a modern cityscape are defined, taking into consideration that the city is a process, open to constant development. On the basis of two case studies of Gründerzeit blocks in the second district of Vienna, possibilities for densification and quality enhancement are shown. Here, the focus is on cross-property or cross-block planning, focusing on and formulating general qualities, as well as individual ones.
Geographic Differences in the Relative Price of Healthy Foods
Creators: name: Todd, Jessica E.
name: Leibtag, Ephraim S.
name: Penberthy, Corttney
name: Todd, Jessica E.
name: Leibtag, Ephraim S.
name: Penberthy, Corttney
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Quarterly Food-at-Home Price Database (QFAHPD)
subject: healthy food
subject: price
subject: geographic variation

description: Although healthy foods can be affordable, if less healthy foods are cheaper, individuals may have an economic incentive to consume a less healthful diet. Using the Quarterly Food-at-Home Price Database, we explore whether a select set of healthy foods (whole grains, dark green vegetables, orange vegetables, whole fruit, skim and 1% milk, fruit juice, and bottled water) are more expensive than less healthy alternatives. We find that not all healthy foods are more expensive than less healthy alternatives; skim and 1% milk are less expensive than whole and 2% milk and bottled water is generally less expensive than carbonated nonalcoholic drinks. We also find considerable geographic variation in the relative price of healthy foods. This price variation may contribute to geographic variation in diet and health outcomes.
The Role of Flexible Geothermal Power in Decarbonized Electricity Systems
Creators: name: Ricks, Wilson
name: Voller, Katharine
name: Galban, Gerame
name: Norbeck, Jack H.
name: Jenkins, Jesse D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: geothermal energy, macro-energy systems, electricity decarbonization, clean firm energy resources, energy storage, capacity expansion modeling

description: Enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) are an emerging energy technology with the potential to significantly expand the viable resource base for geothermal power generation. Although EGS has traditionally been envisioned as a 'baseload' resource, flexible operation of EGS wellfields could allow these plants to provide load-following generation and long-duration energy storage. In this work we evaluate the impact of operational flexibility on the long-run system value and deployment potential of EGS power in the western United States. We find that load-following generation and in-reservoir energy storage enhance the role of EGS power in least-cost decarbonized electricity systems, significantly increasing optimal geothermal penetration and reducing bulk electricity supply costs compared to systems with inflexible EGS or no EGS. Flexible geothermal plants preferentially displace the most expensive competing resources by shifting their generation on diurnal and seasonal timescales, with round-trip energy storage efficiencies of 59-93%. Benefits of EGS flexibility are robust across a range of electricity market and geothermal technology development scenarios.

 

This is a working paper. The published version in available in Nature Energy at https://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-023-01437-y.  

The full supporting dataset for this work is available at 10.5281/zenodo.8414831.
Candidates of z ~ 5.5--7 Galaxies in the HST Ultra Deep Field
Creators: name: Yan, Haojing
name: Windhorst, Rogier A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results from our $z\simeq 5.5$--7 galaxy search in the HST Ultra Deep Field (UDF). Using the 400-orbit of ACS data, we found 108 plausible $5.5\leq z\leq 6.5$ (or $z\simeq 6$ for short) candidates to $m_{AB}(z_{850})=30.0$ mag. The contamination to the sample, either due to image artifacts or known types of astronomical objects, is likely negligible. The inferred surface densities of $z\simeq 6$ galaxies are consistent with our earlier predictions from $m_{AB}(z_{850})=26.5$ to 28.5 mag. After correcting for detection incompleteness, the counts of $z\simeq 6$ candidates to $m_{AB}(z_{850})=29.2$ mag suggests that the faint-end slope of the galaxy luminosity function (LF) at this redshift is likely between $α=-1.8$ and -1.9, which is sufficient to account for the entire Lyman photon budget necessary to complete the reionization of the universe at $z\simeq 6$. We also searched for $z\simeq 6.5$--7 candidates using the UDF NICMOS data, and have found four candidates to $J_{110}=27.2$ mag. However, the infrared colors of three candidates cannot be easily explained by galaxies in this redshift range. We tentatively derive an upper limit to the cumulative surface density of galaxies at $z\simeq 7$ of 0.36 per arcmin$^2$ to $J_{110}=26.6$ mag, which suggest a noticeable drop in the LF amplitude from $z\simeq 6$ to $z\simeq 7$.
description: accepted for publication in ApJL (submitted March 17 2004, accepted July 20 2004)
Christina Franzén-Bengtson (1942-2023), crinoid palaeontologist and teacher
Creators: name: STÖHR, Sabine
name: OJI, Tatsuo
name: LEFEBVRE, Bertrand
name: AUSICH, William I.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2024

description: Christina Franzén-Bengtson (1942-2023) was a palaeontologist and an inspiring teacher to generations of students.
Sharp asymptotics of the functional quantization problem for Gaussian processes
Creators: name: Luschgy, Harald
name: Pages, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E99, 60G15, 94A24, 94A34 (Primary)

description: The sharp asymptotics for the L^2-quantization errors of Gaussian measures on a Hilbert space and, in particular, for Gaussian processes is derived. The condition imposed is regular variation of the eigenvalues.
description: Published by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org) in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000324
The Caudan Expedition: History and legacy of the echinoderm collections of the Université de Lyon
Creators: name: NONCLERCQ, Marie
name: DUPICHAUD, Christophe
name: BÄRTSCHI, Blandine
name: KAUFMANN, Bernard
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2024

description: Le Caudan ship departed from Lorient (France) on the 19th of August 1895, for 14 days of scientific exploration in the Bay of Biscay (Atlantic Ocean). The scientific team on board was comprised of René Koehler, professor from the Faculté de Lyon, Louis Roule, professor from the Faculté de Toulouse, Julien Thoulet, professor from the Faculté de Nancy, and Félix Le Dantec, preparer from the Faculté de Paris. During the expedition, 32 iterations of deep-sea probing and 28 iterations of dredging were conducted, from 180 to 2,200 meters deep, leading to a total of 550 animal species collected, among which 94 where unknown at the time. The goal of this expedition was to bring back to the Université de Lyon deep-sea specimens that only the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris had at the time. Le Caudan was one of the last expeditions in the Bay of Biscay before a 60 year long period of disinterest for studying the fauna of this region, and it was the first to have been launched from private initiative and without funding from the French state. Nowadays, 256 taxa are housed in the Caudan collection at the Université de Lyon, including 270 specimens of echinoderms. Representing 52 species (23 asteroids, 11 echinoids, nine holoturoids, seven ophiuroids, and two crinoids), the Caudan collection holds 14 type specimens of eight new - at the time - species: Antedon flava, Asteronyx locardi, Benthogone rosea, Cribrella bascayensis, C. caudani, Holothuria roulei, Ophiactis corallicola, and Pentagonaster kergroheni.
RKT : Relation-Aware Self-Attention for Knowledge Tracing
Creators: name: Pandey, Shalini
name: Srivastava, Jaideep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The world has transitioned into a new phase of online learning in response to the recent Covid19 pandemic. Now more than ever, it has become paramount to push the limits of online learning in every manner to keep flourishing the education system. One crucial component of online learning is Knowledge Tracing (KT). The aim of KT is to model student's knowledge level based on their answers to a sequence of exercises referred as interactions. Students acquire their skills while solving exercises and each such interaction has a distinct impact on student ability to solve a future exercise. This \textit{impact} is characterized by 1) the relation between exercises involved in the interactions and 2) student forget behavior. Traditional studies on knowledge tracing do not explicitly model both the components jointly to estimate the impact of these interactions. In this paper, we propose a novel Relation-aware self-attention model for Knowledge Tracing (RKT). We introduce a relation-aware self-attention layer that incorporates the contextual information. This contextual information integrates both the exercise relation information through their textual content as well as student performance data and the forget behavior information through modeling an exponentially decaying kernel function. Extensive experiments on three real-world datasets, among which two new collections are released to the public, show that our model outperforms state-of-the-art knowledge tracing methods. Furthermore, the interpretable attention weights help visualize the relation between interactions and temporal patterns in the human learning process.
Estimating society's willingness to pay to maintain viable rural communities
Creators: name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
name: Van Bueren, Martin
name: Whitten, Stuart M.
name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
name: Van Bueren, Martin
name: Whitten, Stuart M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Declining populations in rural and regional areas have become a high political priority in Australia. Calls for measures to support rural communities have been prompted by substantial population declines in some country areas. In Europe and the USA, similar political pressures to halt population losses in rural and regional areas are also apparent; often as a component of the multifunctionality of agriculture. The question addressed in the present paper is whether or not the Australian tax‐paying public would be willing to pay to avoid losses of people from rural and regional areas that may result from environmental protection measures. As an integral component of two recent non‐market, environmental valuation exercises using Choice Modelling, the value of the benefits associated with the maintenance of rural populations has been estimated. The results demonstrate that a positive existence value is held primarily by urban dwellers for rural population levels.
The translation of mitotic cyclin A and B mRNAs contributes partly to embryonic cleavage dynamics in Sphaerechinus granularis
Creators: name: PONTHEAUX, Florian
name: DUFOUR, Sonia
name: EICHELBRENNER, Jeanne
name: CHASSÉ, Héloïse
name: BOULBEN, Sandrine
name: BOUTET, Agnès
name: ROCH, Fernando
name: MORALES, Julia
name: CORMIER, Patrick
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2024

description: The study of early development in sea urchins has been instrumental in uncovering the role of mitotic cyclins, but we still know little about how the specific translation of the mRNAs encoding these proteins impacts mitotic division dynamics. Here, we demonstrate for the first time, in the sea urchin Sphaerechinus granularis (Lamarck, 1816), that cyclin A mRNA is recruited into polysomal fractions following fertilization. Morpholino microinjection targeting cyclin A and B mRNAs delays but does not completely block the first embryonic cleavage. Our results suggest that the translation of Cyclin A and B mRNAs contributes to the fine-tuning of post-fertilization mitotic dynamics, but is not sufficient on its own to achieve the complete process of the first division of sea urchin embryos. This study highlights the importance of the regulation of mitotic Cyclin mRNAs translation in early embryonic development and suggests that the translation of mRNAs encoding additional factors is required for the successful completion of embryonic cell division.
Neutrinos from microquasars
Creators: name: Torres, Diego F.
name: Romero, Gustavo E.
name: Mirabel, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The jets of microquasars with high-mass stellar companions are exposed to the dense matter field of the stellar wind as well as to the photon densities found in the surrounding medium. Photopion and proton-proton interactions could then lead to copious production of neutrinos. In this work, we analyze the hadronic microquasar model, particularly in what concerns to the neutrino production. Limits to this kind of models using data from AMANDA-II are established. New constraints are also imposed upon specific microquasar models based on photopion processes. These are very restrictive particularly for the case of SS433, a microquasar for which the presence of accelerated hadrons has been already inferred from iron X-ray line observations.
description: Talk presented at the V Microquasar Workshop, Beijing, China, June 5-13, 2004. Proceedings to appear in the Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Enhancement of transverse thermoelectric conductivity originating from stationary points in nodal line
Creators: name: Minami, Susumu
name: Ishii, Fumiyuki
name: Hirayama, Motoaki
name: Nomoto, Takuya
name: Koretsune, Takashi
name: Arita, Ryotaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent discovery of a large anomalous Nernst effect in Co$_2$MnGa, Fe$_3X$ ($X$=Al, Ga) and Co$_3$Sn$_2$S$_2$, we performed a first-principles study to clarify the origin of the enhancement of the transverse thermoelectric conductivity ($α_{ij}$) in these ferromagnets. The intrinsic contribution to $α_{ij}$ can be understood in terms of the Berry curvature ($Ω$) around the Fermi level, and $Ω$ is singularly large along nodal lines (which are gapless in the absence of the spin-orbit coupling) in the Brillouin zone. We find that not only the Weyl points but also stationary points in the energy dispersion of the nodal lines play a crucial role. The stationary points make sharp peaks in the density of states projected onto the nodal line, clearly identifying the characteristic Fermi energies at which $α_{ij}$ is most dramatically enhanced. We also find that $α_{ij}/T$ breaks the Mott relation and show a peculiar temperature dependence at these energies. The present results suggest that the stationary points will give us a useful guiding principle to design magnets showing a large anomalous Nernst effect.
The Role of Flexible Geothermal Power in Decarbonized Electricity Systems
Creators: name: Ricks, Wilson
name: Voller, Katharine
name: Norbeck, Jack H.
name: Jenkins, Jesse D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: geothermal energy, macro-energy systems, electricity decarbonization, clean firm energy resources, energy storage, capacity expansion modeling

description: Enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) are an emerging energy technology with the potential to significantly expand the viable resource base for geothermal power generation. Although EGS has traditionally been envisioned as a `baseload' resource, flexible operation of EGS wellfields could allow these plants to provide load-following generation and long-duration energy storage. In this work we evaluate the impact of operational flexibility on the long-run system value and deployment potential of EGS power in the western United States. We find that load-following generation and in-reservoir energy storage enhance the role of EGS power in least-cost decarbonized electricity systems, increasing optimal geothermal penetration and significantly reducing bulk electricity supply costs compared to systems with inflexible EGS or no EGS. Flexible geothermal plants displace the most expensive competing resources by shifting their generation on diurnal and seasonal timescales, with round-trip energy storage efficiencies of 81-98%. Benefits of EGS flexibility are robust across a range of electricity market and geothermal technology development scenarios. This is a working paper and is currently undergoing peer review. Additional datasets relevant to the work can be found at: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7023225.
On weighted U-statistics for stationary processes
Creators: name: Hsing, Tailen
name: Wu, Wei Biao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F05 (Primary) 60G10 (Secondary)

description: A weighted U-statistic based on a random sample X_1,...,X_n has the form U_n=\sum_{1\le i,j\le n}w_{i-j}K(X_i,X_j), where K is a fixed symmetric measurable function and the w_i are symmetric weights. A large class of statistics can be expressed as weighted U-statistics or variations thereof. This paper establishes the asymptotic normality of U_n when the sample observations come from a nonlinear time series and linear processes.
description: Published by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org) in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000333