cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Emotions in times of pandemic crisis among Italian children: a systematic review
Creators: name: Monacis, Lucia
name: bonvino, aurora
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Several studies underlined the negative effects of forced social isolation on emotional processes in younger population. The current study aimed to review existing evidence of the pandemic's impact on the emotional regulation of Italian children aged 0-12 years in order to identify personal and contextual factors that may adversely impact on their developmental process. Web of Science, Ebsco and Scopus databases were used to identify peer-reviewed studies published in English and focused on Italian children. Five studies were included in the review covering more than 3000 children. All studies reported negative effects of lockdown on child emotional processes. Some authors underlined that the most affected in terms of emotional dysregulation were the youngest children and those living in Northern Italy. Alterations in emotional processes were associated with sleep disturbances, quality of family relationships, personality structures and the coping strategies used. This review remarks that children's emotional processes were negatively impacted during social lockdown especially where acute social isolation interacted with a set of dispositional and situational risk factors.
title: Prospective randomized study of fluoroscopic dose and time between using balloon duodenography catheters and nasogastric catheters for CT enteroclysis
Creators: name: Tsang, Yin Ho Arnold
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Small bowel
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Outcomes

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: CT enteroclysis (CTE) is a good diagnostic technique for small-bowel pathology [1,2] with reported sensitivity and specificity up to 100% and 95% [3] . Balloon duodenography catheters (BDC) and nasogastric catheters(NC) are used for methylcellulose...
title: Magnetic resonance follow-up protocol for patients after stapled transanal rectal resection for intussusception and rectocele
Creators: name: Calliada, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Pelvic floor dysfunction
subject: Defecography
subject: MR
subject: Pelvis

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: To define a clinical-MR imaging follow-up protocol for patients after “Stapled Transanal Rectal Resection” (STARR) for surgical correction of rectocele and rectal prolapse conditioning Obstructed Defecation Syndrome (ODS) [1]. This follow-up...
Tiny babies: the immense costs and quandaries of preterm birth and low birth weight
Creators: name: Connors, Julia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Preterm birth and low birth weight are growing problems in the U.S. Popular media representations of issues surrounding these conditions have typically been limited to reporting the release of statistics and the results of individual studies. However, the media have not successfully conveyed the complexity, severity or personal nature of these problems. This thesis, which is comprised of four print articles, explores three aspects of preterm birth and low birth weight that media have largely underreported. First, the thesis examines the personal experience of having a preterm, low birth weight baby, including the emotional, physical and financial costs. Second, it contextualizes the complexity of this phenomenon by examining risk factors, lack of prevention, and shortand long-term health problems associated with preterm birth and low birth weight. Lastly, this thesis investigates the role of ethics, decision-making regarding care and quality of life related to these conditions.
title: MRI diagnostics of the masseter muscles condition at muscularly-articular Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction
Creators: name: Butova, Anna
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Image registration
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal joint

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: To increase the efficiency of X-ray diagnostics of the masseter muscles condition at muscularly-articular temporomandibular joint dysfunction (MA TMJD). It is important if you choose tactics of treatment for stomatological patients. If temporal...
Detecting Cybersecurity Attacks in the Internet of Things Using Artificial Intelligence Methods - A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Abdullahi, Mujaheed
name: Baashar, Yahia
name: Alhussian, Hitham
name: Alwadain, Ayed
name: Aziz, Norshakirah
name: Abdulkadir, Said
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Information Security
subject: Computer Sciences
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
subject: Cyberattacks
subject: Cybersecurity
subject: Internet of Things
subject: Intrusion detection systems

description: The rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT) devices and networks in various aspects generates enormous amounts of data that demand careful authentication and security. Artificial intelligence (AI) is considered the most promising method to address cybersecurity threats and provide security. This research study will systematically categorize and survey the existing literature on AI methods to detect cybersecurity attacks in the IoT environment.
The climate change stalemate: ideological tensions in international climate change negotiations
Creators: name: Chandler, Kevin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Though support for the theory of human caused global climate change grows in the scientific community, international political action has been lagging. Despite efforts since the early 1990s, a functional, effective international climate regime has yet to emerge, and so worldwide greenhouse gas emissions grow daily. To date, the best (but ultimately failed) hope for a climate treaty came in 1997 with the Kyoto Protocol. In the Protocol's negotiations, the United States and Germany stood out for their bold but contrary stances. Germany successfully positioned itself as the global leader in climate change mitigation while the United States cemented its position as the climate laggard. While their positions can be read easily, their reasoning cannot. How can we account for such very different positions by two of the world's richest and most developed democracies? This thesis seeks to examine the theoretical underpinnings of each country's climate positions in an effort to draw greater conclusions on the state of transatlantic climate policy.
Social relational emotions and nature connectedness
Creators: name: Petersen, Evi
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Other Psychology
subject: Sports Studies
subject: Environmental Studies
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: awe
subject: kama muta
subject: nature connectedness
subject: pro-environmental attitude
subject: social relational emotions
subject: well-being

description: Debates on environmental crises are omnipresent. Consequently, studying the relationship between humans and the natural environment has evolved as a prominent research issue, especially within the field of environmental psychology. Nature connectedness has become one of the central concepts in this discourse due to its positive relationship to health, well-being and environmental attitudes. Contact to nature provides a basis to develop and foster nature connectedness. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of how nature connectedness is established and mediated. In this scope, previous research has shown that positively-perceived emotions are linked to nature connectedness (Capaldi, Dopko, & Zelenski, 2014). However, studying nature experience, emotions have most often been treated outcomes of nature connectedness. In this survey-based project, the role of social relational emotions for nature connectedness and its influence on well-being and pro-environmental attitude is explored.
title: Muscle density and compartmental adipose tissue distribution in frail older adults evaluated by computed tomography
Creators: name: Idoate, Fernando
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Geriatrics
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Comparative studies
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Abdomen

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Frailty is an age-associated syndrome characterized by decreases in the functional reserve and resistance to stressors due to changes in several physiological systems. The diagnosis of frailty also includes physical impairments, such as low gait...
The supertask of an infinite lottery
Creators: name: Kerkvliet, Timber
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We mathematically model the supertask, introduced by Hansen, in which an infinity of gods together select a random natural number by each randomly removing a finite number of balls from an urn, leaving one final ball. We show that this supertask is highly underdetermined, i.e. there are many scenarios consistent with the supertask. In particular we show that the notion of uniformity for finitely additive probability measures on the natural numbers emerging from this supertask is unreasonably weak.
description: Accepted for publication in Logique & Analyse (http://www.logiqueetanalyse.be/)
title: Coronary CT Angiography using 640 slices CT scanner and Adaptive – Iterative Dose Reduction (AIDR) : dose reduction and image quality
Creators: name: Di Sibio, Alessandra
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Coronary CT angiography (CTA) is nowadays considered a non-invasive method to evaluate the coronary artery, with high sensitivity and negative predictive value. Increasing concerns have been raised regarding the radiation exposure associated with...
Additional file 1 of An online training and feedback module enhances the musculoskeletal examination performance of medical interns
Creators: name: Arteaga, Matías
name: Vidal, Catalina
name: Ruz, Cristián
name: Zilleruelo, Raúl
name: Pino, Ernesto
name: Dauvergne, Javier
name: Besa, Pablo
name: Irarrázaval, Sebastián
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Transfer of perceptual-motor expertise in sport: A scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Porter, Courtney
name: Gorman, Adam
name: Pepping, Gert-Jan
name: Chalkley, Daniel
name: Renshaw, Ian
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sports Sciences
subject: Kinesiology
subject: Sports Studies
subject: Psychology of Movement
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Motor Control
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Influenced by seminal work in music and chess, sport expertise and talent development has been dominated by the idea that “10,000 hours” or ”10 years” of deliberate practice (i.e., practice that is highly structured, effortful, and low in enjoyment) is necessary to achieve expertise (Baker & Farrow, 2015; Ericsson, Krampe & Tesch-Römer, 1993). As a result, it has been a widely held assumption that in order to achieve the necessary volume of practice to become an expert, one should specialise or engage in intensive training as early as possible (Baker, Cobley & Fraser-Thomas, 2009). Recent evidence, however, suggests that particular sports experiences may reduce the amount of sport-specific practice required to achieve expertise (Abernethy et al., 2005) through the emergence of generalised skill transfer (e.g., general athletic development) or specific skill transfer (e.g., learning to attune to specifying information sources) (Chow, Shuttleworth, Davids & Araujo, 2020).
MANURE POLITICS: MAKING SPACE FOR MODERN AGRICULTURE IN THE LANDSCAPES OF EVERYDAY LIFE
Creators: name: Neubert, Christopher
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: This thesis focuses on the presence of livestock waste in the Raccoon River watershed in northwest Iowa. In particular, I examine the liquefied mixture of feces and urine that pools underneath these animals in Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs) that is collected and then sold to local farmers. These farmers then use this waste as manure for spreading onto crop fields. The process through which hog waste re-enters the agricultural economy as “manure” relies on interwoven networks of power that continually produce the landscape and conceal the everyday, lived experience of this waste when it is spread near homes and communities. Relying on fieldwork completed in 2015, this thesis examines how seemingly small, bureaucratic interventions produce specific discourses that have spatial implications in everyday life and can change our understanding of waste, landscape, rurality, food, and farming.
Physical Interpretation of Antigravity
Creators: name: Bars, Itzhak
name: James, Albin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geodesic incompleteness is a problem in both general relativity and string theory. The Weyl invariant Standard Model coupled to General Relativity (SM+GR), and a similar treatment of string theory, are improved theories that are geodesically complete. A notable prediction of this approach is that there must be antigravity regions of spacetime connected to gravity regions through gravitational singularities such as those that occur in black holes and cosmological bang/crunch. Antigravity regions introduce apparent problems of ghosts that raise several questions of physical interpretation. It was shown that unitarity is not violated but there may be an instability associated with negative kinetic energies in the antigravity regions. In this paper we show that the apparent problems can be resolved with the interpretation of the theory from the perspective of observers strictly in the gravity region. Such observers cannot experience the negative kinetic energy in antigravity directly, but can only detect in and out signals that interact with the antigravity region. This is no different than a spacetime black box for which the information about its interior is encoded in scattering amplitudes for in/out states at its exterior. Through examples we show that negative kinetic energy in antigravity presents no problems of principles but is an interesting topic for physical investigations of fundamental significance.
description: 39 pages, 1 figure. Version 2 includes a more general Wheeler de Witt equation in section IIIC and discusses closed strings in Eq.(74)
title: Ultrasound investigation in the diagnosis and prediction of event free survival in patients with bone sarcomas
Creators: name: Begun, Igor
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Extremities
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Paediatric
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound-Spectral Doppler
subject: Statistics
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Arterial access
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Cancer
subject: Image registration

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Background In the diagnosis of malignant tumors of the musculoskeletal system a major role plays the methods that allow to visualize the anatomical location and the structure of the tumor, establish it relationship to the surrounding tissues and...
Generic perturbations of linear integrable Hamiltonian systems
Creators: name: Bounemoura, Abed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we investigate perturbations of linear integrable Hamiltonian systems, with the aim of establishing results in the spirit of the KAM theorem (preservation of invariant tori), the Nekhoroshev theorem (stability of the action variables for a finite but long interval of time) and Arnold diffusion (instability of the action variables). Whether the frequency of the integrable system is resonant or not, it is known that the KAM theorem does not hold true for all perturbations; when the frequency is resonant, it is the Nekhoroshev theorem which does not hold true for all perturbations. Our first result deals with the resonant case: we prove a result of instability for a generic perturbation, which implies that the KAM and the Nekhoroshev theorem do not hold true even for a generic perturbation. The case where the frequency is non-resonant is more subtle. Our second result shows that for a generic perturbation, the KAM theorem holds true. Concerning the Nekhrosohev theorem, it is known that one has stability over an exponentially long interval of time, and that this cannot be improved for all perturbations. Our third result shows that for a generic perturbation, one has stability for a doubly exponentially long interval of time. The only question left unanswered is whether one has instability for a generic perturbation (necessarily after this very long interval of time).
Quantum oscillations of the topological surface states in low carrier concentration crystals of Bi$_{2-x}$Sb$_{x}$Te$_{3-y}$Se$_{y}$
Creators: name: Pan, Y.
name: Nikitin, A. M.
name: Wu, D.
name: Huang, Y. K.
name: Puri, A.
name: Wiedmann, S.
name: Zeitler, U.
name: Frantzeskakis, E.
name: van Heumen, E.
name: Golden, M. S.
name: de Visser, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a high-field magnetotransport study on selected low-carrier crystals of the topological insulator Bi$_{2-x}$Sb${_x}$Te$_{3-y}$Se$_{y}$. Monochromatic Shubnikov - de Haas (SdH) oscillations are observed at 4.2~K and their two-dimensional nature is confirmed by tilting the magnetic field with respect to the sample surface. With help of Lifshitz-Kosevich theory, important transport parameters of the surface states are obtained, including the carrier density, cyclotron mass and mobility. For $(x,y)=(0.50,1.3)$ the Landau level plot is analyzed in terms of a model based on a topological surface state in the presence of a non-ideal linear dispersion relation and a Zeeman term with $g_s = 70$ or $-54$. Input parameters were taken from the electronic dispersion relation measured directly by angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy on crystals from the same batch. The Hall resistivity of the same crystal (thickness of 40~$μ$m) is analyzed in a two-band model, from which we conclude that the ratio of the surface conductance to the total conductance amounts to 32~\%.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Solid State Communications
Body image changes experienced by adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors: a systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research
Creators: name: Hamilton-Smith, Alyxandra
name: Sharpe, Helen
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The primary outcome of the review is to explore the experience of body image concerns in adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors.
Eigenvalues for a nonlocal pseudo $p-$Laplacian
Creators: name: Del Pezzo, Leandro M.
name: Rossi, Julio D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35P30, 35J92, 35R11

description: In this paper we study the eigenvalue problems for a nonlocal operator of order $s$ that is analogous to the local pseudo $p-$Laplacian. We show that there is a sequence of eigenvalues $λ_n \to \infty$ and that the first one is positive, simple, isolated and has a positive and bounded associated eigenfunction. For the first eigenvalue we also analyze the limits as $p\to \infty$ (obtaining a limit nonlocal eigenvalue problem analogous to the pseudo infinity Laplacian) and as $s\to 1^-$ (obtaining the first eigenvalue for a local operator of $p-$Laplacian type). To perform this study we have to introduce anisotropic fractional Sobolev spaces and prove some of their properties.
description: 30 pages
title: Local Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy: Value of Multiparametric Endorectal MRI
Creators: name: De Vincentiis, Chiara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR
subject: Oncology

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Radical prostatectomy (RP) is well-established therapeutic option in the management of localized prostate cancer. However, despite technical advances, there is still a significant risk of cancer recurrence after RP and up to 27-53% of all patients...
The Role of Incisional Negative Pressure Wound Therapy in Surgical Patients: An Umbrella Review Protocol
Creators: name: Barone, Natasha
name: Abi-Jaoude, Joanne
name: ElHawary, Hassan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: incisional negative pressure wound therapy
subject: incisional vacuum assisted closure
subject: surgical patients
subject: umbrella review

description: This is a protocol for an umbrella review (systematic evaluation of systematic reviews and meta-analyses) aimed to address the following research question: what is the role of incisional negative pressure wound therapy in surgical patients?
Additional file 18 of Reduction of eEF2 kinase alleviates the learning and memory impairment caused by acrylamide
Creators: name: Wang, Xiao-Li
name: Zhang, Ru-Nan
name: Pan, Yu-Lin
name: Li, Zhi-Ming
name: Li, Hong-Qiu
name: Lei, Ya-Ting
name: Zhao, Fang-Fang
name: Hao, Xiao-Xiao
name: Ma, Wei-Wei
name: Yu, Cui-Ping
name: Yao, Hong-Wei
name: Wang, Xin-Yu
name: Lv, Jun-Jie
name: Wu, Yong-Hui
name: Wang, Sheng-Yuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 18
title: Cytoarchitecture and Metabolic Features of Excised Human Lung Parenchyma and Pulmonary Nodules using Ultra High Field 9.4 Tesla MR
Creators: name: Corcuera-Solano, Idoia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Pathology
subject: Cancer
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: MR
subject: Lung

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Background: In 1970 Raymond Damadian submitted a manuscript to Science reporting his discovery of the large tissue relaxation differences in cancer compared to normal tissue (1). Since that point in time, advances have contributed to the current...
Magneto-spectroscopy of excited states in charge-tunable GaAs/AlGaAs [111] quantum dots
Creators: name: Durnev, M. V.
name: Vidal, M.
name: Bouet, L.
name: Amand, T.
name: Glazov, M. M.
name: Ivchenko, E. L.
name: Zhou, P.
name: Wang, G.
name: Mano, T.
name: Ha, N.
name: Kuroda, T.
name: Marie, X.
name: Sakoda, K.
name: Urbaszek, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of highly charged and excited electron-hole complexes in strain-free (111) GaAs/AlGaAs quantum dots grown by droplet epitaxy. We address the complexes with one of the charge carriers residing in the excited state, namely, the ``hot'' trions X$^{-*}$ and X$^{+*}$, and the doubly negatively charged exciton X$^{2-}$. Our magneto-photoluminescence experiments performed on single quantum dots in the Faraday geometry uncover characteristic emission patterns for each excited electron-hole complex, which are very different from the photoluminescence spectra observed in (001)-grown quantum dots. We present a detailed theory of the fine structure and magneto-photoluminescence spectra of X$^{-*}$, X$^{+*}$ and X$^{2-}$ complexes, governed by the interplay between the electron-hole Coulomb exchange interaction and the heavy-hole mixing, characteristic for these quantum dots with a trigonal symmetry. Comparison between experiment and theory of the magneto-photoluminescence allows for precise charge state identification, as well as extraction of electron-hole exchange interaction constants and $g$-factors for the charge carriers occupying excited states.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Your action does matter to me: examining the role of the co-actor’s action-effects in resolving the self-other discrimination problem
Creators: name: Campos-Moinier, Kévin
name: Brunel, Lionel
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Interpersonal coordination
subject: Joint action
subject: Referential coding
subject: Self-other discrimination problem

description: Sharing a task with another person can introduce the need to discriminate representations that refer to our own action from that of the other person’s. The current understanding is that information about the stimulus event drives the self-other discrimination process, as it promotes (via the reactivation of feature codes) the representation that encodes the corresponding action. However, this mechanistic explanation relies on experimental situations in which stimulus event information (e.g., spatial location) is always, and directly available. Thus, it remains unclear whether, and how we could successfully discriminate between self- and other-related action representations in the absence of such information. The present study addressed this unanswered question using a novel joint Simon task-based paradigm. We report the results of three experiments in which we manipulated the availability of stimulus event information into the contralateral space. Our findings demonstrate that participants are able to compensate for the absence of stimulus event information by relying on temporal features of their co-actor’s action-effects (Experiment 1). Even more surprising was that participants continued to monitor the temporal features of their co-actor’s actions even when given a verbal signal by their co-actor (Experiments 2a), or full access to the common workspace (Experiment 2b). Our results are strong evidence that the representation of actions is not purely stimulus driven. They suggest that the temporal dimension of the other person’s actions is able to drive the self-other discrimination process, in the same way as other perceptual dimensions and feature codes that are shared with the stimulus event.
The role of binaries in the enrichment of the early Galactic halo. II. Carbon-Enhanced Metal-Poor Stars - CEMP-no stars
Creators: name: Hansen, T. T.
name: Andersen, J.
name: Nordström, B.
name: Beers, T. C.
name: Placco, V. M.
name: Yoon, J.
name: Buchhave, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detailed composition of most metal-poor halo stars has been found to be very uniform. However, a fraction of 20-70% (increasing with decreasing metallicity) exhibit dramatic enhancements in their abundances of carbon - the so-called carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars. A key question for Galactic chemical evolution models is whether this non-standard composition reflects that of the stellar natal clouds, or is due to local, post-birth mass transfer of chemically processed material from a binary companion; CEMP stars should then all be members of binary systems. Our aim is to determine the frequency and orbital parameters of binaries among CEMP stars with and without over-abundances of neutron-capture elements - CEMP-s and CEMP-no stars, respectively - as a test of this local mass-transfer scenario. This paper discusses a sample of 24 CEMP-no stars, while a subsequent paper will consider a similar sample of CEMP-s stars. Most programme stars exhibit no statistically significant radial-velocit variation over this period and appear to be single, while four are found to be binaries with orbital periods of 300-2,000 days and normal eccentricity; the binary frequency for the sample is 17+-9%. The single stars mostly belong to the recently-identified ``low-C band'', while the binaries have higher absolute carbon abundances. We conclude that the nucleosynthetic process responsible for the strong carbon excess in these ancient stars is unrelated to their binary status; the carbon was imprinted on their natal molecular clouds in the early Galactic ISM by an even earlier, external source, strongly indicating that the CEMP-no stars are likely bona fide second-generation stars. We discuss potential production sites for carbon and its transfer across interstellar distances in the early ISM, and implications for the composition of high-redshift DLA systems. Abridged.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Narella Gray 1870
Creators: name: Cairns, Stephen D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Alcyonacea
Primnoidae
Narella

description: Genus Narella Gray, 1870
Narella Gray, 1870: 49.— Cairns & Bayer, 2009: 43 (synonymy and discussion).— Cairns, 2012: 14.— Taylor & Rogers, 2017: 4.—Cairns, 2018: 20–21.
Stachyodes Wright & Studer in Studer, 1887: 49.— Versluys, 1906: 86 –88.
Calypternius Wright & Studer in Studer, 1887: 49–50.
Type Species. Primnoa regularis Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1860, by monotypy.
Diagnosis. Colonies branched dichotomously (laterally or equal), pinnately, in a lyrate fashion, or unbranched. Polyps arranged in whorls, all polyps facing downward in contracted condition. Each polyp covered with three (rarely four) pairs of abaxial body wall scales (one pair of basals, one or two pairs of medials, and one pair of buccals) and a variable number of pairs of smaller adaxial scales, nonetheless leaving the adaxial face largely naked. Articular ridge not present on basal scales. Paired infrabasal scales usually present. Opercular scales keeled on inner surface. Coenenchymal scales thin and slightly imbricate or thick and mosaic in placement, and sometimes prominently ridged.
Discussion. Although keys exist to the Narella species from various geographic regions (see Cairns 2018 for a summary), a comprehensive key, preferably a tabular key, is sorely needed for the 50 species in the world, and is currently being constructed by Cairns and Taylor (in prep.). The last comprehensive key to the species was that of K̹kenthal (1919, 1924), which included only 18 species. Most of the currently recognized species are listed by Taylor & Rogers (2017).
The order in which species are treated below are grouped by presence or absence of a ridge on the dorsolateral basal edge, followed by the colony form, simplest to most complex.
Distribution. All ocean basins except for Arctic, 128–4594 m.
description: Published as part of Cairns, Stephen D., 2018, Primnoidae (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Calcaxonia) of the Okeanos Explorer expeditions (CAPSTONE) to the central Pacific, pp. 1-43 in Zootaxa 4532 (1) on pages 19-21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4532.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2614967
Jeans analysis of the Galactic thick disk and the local dark matter density
Creators: name: Sanchez-Salcedo, F. J.
name: Flynn, C.
name: de Diego, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical estimates of the mass surface density at the solar radius can be made up to a height of 4 kpc using thick disk stars as tracers of the potential. We investigate why different Jeans estimators of the local surface density lead to puzzling and conflicting results. Using the Jeans equations, we compute the vertical (F_z) and radial (F_R) components of the gravitational force, as well as Gamma(z), defined as the radial derivative of V_c^2, with V_c^{2}= -RF_R. If we assume that the thick disk does not flare and that all the components of the velocity dispersion tensor of the thick disk have a uniform radial scalelength of 3.5 kpc, Gamma takes implausibly large negative values, when using the currently available kinematical data of the thick disk. This implies that the input parameters or the model assumptions must be revised. We have explored, using a simulated thick disk, the impact of the assumption that the scale lengths of the density and velocity dispersions do not depend on the vertical height z above the midplane. In the lack of any information about how these scale radii depend on z, we define a different strategy. By using a parameterized Galactic potential, we find that acceptable fits to F_z, F_R and Gamma are obtained for a flaring thick disk and a spherical dark matter halo with a local density larger than 0.0064 M_sun pc^{-3}. Disk-like dark matter distributions might be also compatible with the current data of the thick disk. A precise measurement of Gamma at the midplane could be very useful to discriminate between models.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
A Model for Refining Precipitation-Type Forecasts for Winter Weather in the Piedmont Region of North Carolina on the Basis of Partial Thickness and Synoptic Weather Patterns
Creators: name: Cuviello, Matthew P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Determining precipitation types and intensity of winter weather events in the Piedmont region of North Carolina is difficult for forecasters. Sounding and climatological data along with cyclone and anticyclone characteristics (e.g. pressure, location, and time) from microfilmed surface weather maps are examined for 237 winter weather events at Greensboro, North Carolina over a 37 year period. The data is used to explore precipitation type determination and synoptic (large scale) pattern influence on intensity. A model for predicting precipitation type (i.e. a nomogram) is developed from the sounding and climate data. The tracks of the cyclones and anticyclones are classified and used to characterize the intensity of observed snow, freezing rain and sleet in the study area.
Fork of Inefficiencies in Walrasian DAs due to Fees
Creators: name: Nax
name: Jantschgi, Simon
name: Pradelski, Bary
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Business
subject: Economics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Finance and Financial Management

description: We draw buy and sell valuations uniformly at random from integers between 0 to 1000 in US cents steps. There is private information to the realization of the draws, but common knowledge regarding the distributions, the market rules and market sizes. We follow a 2*4 design. We run 2 types of market sizes. -Small: 2 buyers and 2 sellers -Large: 10 buyers and 10 sellers We run 4 versions of Walrasian Double Auctions (DAs) with different market rules (i.e. different fee structures): -Classical DA: Buyers and sellers submit bids and asks. The market is cleared at a competitive equilibrium. In case of multiple CE prices middle is chosen. No additional fees. -Price Fee: As classical DA with clearing at competitive equilibrium, but a 10% fee of the market price is charged to both parties and kept by the marketmaker. -Half-Margin Fee: Variant of classical DA whereby half of absolute difference between successful bid/ask and Competitive Equilibrium clearing price is charged as an additional fee and kept by the marketmaker. -Name Your Own Price: You pay what you bid and you get what you ask. Bid-ask spread is kept by marketmaker. The Bayesian Nash equilibria of these games differ. We test the following predictions related to them: H1. Efficiency increases in the Classical DA and in the 10% Price Fee auction as the market size grows H2. Efficiency does not increase for Name Your Own Price and Half-Margin Fee. H3. Given a market size, bidding becomes more strategic (more shading) moving from Classical DA to Half-Margin Fee to Name Your Own Price. H4. Given a market size, bidding is comparably (same order) strategic in Classical DA and in 10% Price Fee. Further, we will investigate and compare the platform earnings from the different fee structures depending on market size. Note: In order to incentivize traders and to make sure no subject can loose money, bids and asks are required to fulfill individual rationality constraints, i.e. we forbid bids and asks on the "wrong" side of reservation prices. Additionally to a guaranteed payout of $3.50, every subject will receive his/her earnings from one DA randomly chosen amongst all instances, where he/she was able to make a profitable deal.
Speeding up N-body simulations of modified gravity: Vainshtein screening models
Creators: name: Barreira, Alexandre
name: Bose, Sownak
name: Li, Baojiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and demonstrate the power of a method to speed up current iterative techniques for N-body modified gravity simulations. Our method is based on the observation that the accuracy of the final result is not compromised if the calculation of the fifth force becomes less accurate, but substantially faster, in high-density regions where it is weak due to screening. We focus on the nDGP model which employs Vainshtein screening, and test our method by running AMR simulations in which the solutions on the finer levels of the mesh (high density) are not obtained iteratively, but instead interpolated from coarser levels. We show that the impact this has on the matter power spectrum is below $1\%$ for $k < 5h/{\rm Mpc}$ at $z = 0$, and even smaller at higher redshift. The impact on halo properties is also small ($\lesssim 3\%$ for abundance, profiles, mass; and $\lesssim 0.05\%$ for positions and velocities). The method can boost the performance of modified gravity simulations by more than a factor of 10, which allows them to be pushed to resolution levels that were previously hard to achieve.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. Comments welcomed
title: “Quiet-Zero TE” ASL brain MR angiography Can Outperform 3D TOF at 1.5T
Creators: name: Tanenbaum, Lawrence
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Safety
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Quality assurance

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Background: Acoustic noise generated during magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is an unwanted side effect that may cause discomfort in patients and healthcare professionals. The problems associated with acoustic noise include simple...
Anticipatory Research Methods using AI - Analysing Hate Speech
Creators: name: Polcumpally, Arun Teja
name: Pravin A. Sarode
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Hate Speech
Artificial Intelligence

description: The prevalence of hate speech has become a growing concern in the digital age, with its potential to incite violence, perpetuate discrimination, and disrupt social harmony. As part of ongoing research influenced by the book "Data Theory" by Simon Lindgren, this project aims to delve into the reportage of hate speech, focusing on news articles specifically related to hate speech in India. By analyzing the data and patterns extracted from these articles, we seek to gain a deeper understanding of the dynamics surrounding hate speech in the Indian context.
Additional file 17 of Reduction of eEF2 kinase alleviates the learning and memory impairment caused by acrylamide
Creators: name: Wang, Xiao-Li
name: Zhang, Ru-Nan
name: Pan, Yu-Lin
name: Li, Zhi-Ming
name: Li, Hong-Qiu
name: Lei, Ya-Ting
name: Zhao, Fang-Fang
name: Hao, Xiao-Xiao
name: Ma, Wei-Wei
name: Yu, Cui-Ping
name: Yao, Hong-Wei
name: Wang, Xin-Yu
name: Lv, Jun-Jie
name: Wu, Yong-Hui
name: Wang, Sheng-Yuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 17
A new approach to analytic, non-perturbative, gauge-invariant QCD renormalization is described, with applications to high energy elastic pp-scattering
Creators: name: Fried, H. M.
name: Tsang, P. H.
name: Gabellini, Y.
name: Grandou, T.
name: Sheu, Y-M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new non-perturbative, gauge-invariant model QCD renormalization is applied to high energy elastic pp-scattering. The differential cross-section deduced from this model displays a diffraction dip that resembles those of experiments. Comparison with ISR and LHC data is currently underway.
description: Conference proceedings for 4th International Conference on New Frontiers in Physics, ICNFP2015. Greece, 2015. subsequent work of Ann. Phys. 359, (2015); or arXiv:1412.2072, and arXiv:1502.04378
title: Quiet PROPELLER MR Techniques Provide Equivalent Quality for Routine Brain MRI
Creators: name: Tanenbaum, Lawrence
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Quality assurance

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Acoustic noise generated during magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is an unwanted side effect that may cause discomfort in patients and healthcare professionals. The problems associated with acoustic noise include simple annoyance, heightened...
Error of estimation and sample size in the linear mixed model
Creators: name: Serrano, Daniel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The linear mixed model is increasingly used in psychological applications. Whereas the model was once only applied rarely, because designs that would require the model were either avoided, or analyzed improperly, the model has found such favor in psychology that study designs are being contrived so as to allow use of the model. A potential complication of this trend is the intersection of the small sample sizes routine in psychological applications and the potential sensitivity of the model to small sample sizes. In truth, little is known about the small sample properties of the linear mixed model (Demidenko, 2004). Over the past three decades a handful of articles have attempted to understand the finite sample properties of linear mixed model estimators. Each of these studies has contributed to our understanding of the behavior of point estimation in the linear mixed model. A limitation of these preceding studies has been: 1. The simulation of balanced data, which rarely occurs in psychological applications 2. The use of simple models, which are also rarely used in psychological applications. In this study both of these limitations are addressed. Outcomes of interest include model convergence rates, point estimate bias and point estimate root mean squared error (RMSE). Findings indicate that high rates of non-convergence are observed under unbalanced data when both few independent sampling units (ISUs) are sampled and few observations are sampled per ISU. Fixed effect point estimates are nearly unbiased in all sample sizes. Consistent with theory (Demidenko, 2004), for some (co)variance parameters, when few ISUs are sampled, no matter how many observations are sampled per ISU, problematic bias remains. Complex models exhibit greater bias than simpler models. (Co)variance parameter estimates exhibit more bias when population values are small than when they are large. When population (co)variance parameters generating values are small, RMSE is smaller than when population values are large. Consistent with theory and previous studies, full maximum likelihood (FML) estimates are more biased than restricted maximum likelihood (REML) estimates. I conclude with implications for the use of these models in applied research.
Red giant masses and ages derived from carbon and nitrogen abundances
Creators: name: Martig, Marie
name: Fouesneau, Morgan
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
name: Ness, Melissa
name: Meszaros, Szabolcs
name: Garcia-Hernandez, D. A.
name: Pinsonneault, Marc
name: Serenelli, Aldo
name: Aguirre, Victor Silva
name: Zamora, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the masses of red giant stars can be well predicted from their photospheric carbon and nitrogen abundances, in conjunction with their spectroscopic stellar labels log g, Teff, and [Fe/H]. This is qualitatively expected from mass-dependent post main sequence evolution. We here establish an empirical relation between these quantities by drawing on 1,475 red giants with asteroseismic mass estimates from Kepler that also have spectroscopic labels from APOGEE DR12. We assess the accuracy of our model, and find that it predicts stellar masses with fractional r.m.s. errors of about 14% (typically 0.2 Msun). From these masses, we derive ages with r.m.s errors of 40%. This empirical model allows us for the first time to make age determinations (in the range 1-13 Gyr) for vast numbers of giant stars across the Galaxy. We apply our model to 52,000 stars in APOGEE DR12, for which no direct mass and age information was previously available. We find that these estimates highlight the vertical age structure of the Milky Way disk, and that the relation of age with [alpha/M] and metallicity is broadly consistent with established expectations based on detailed studies of the solar neighbourhood.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures. Re-submitted to MNRAS after taking into account comments from the referee. Catalogue of masses and ages for giants in APOGEE DR12 will be made available once the paper is accepted