cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A complementary pair of rapid molecular screening assays for RecA activities
Creators: name: Lee, Andrew M.
name: Wigle, Tim J.
name: Singleton, Scott F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The bacterial RecA protein has been implicated in the evolution of antibiotic resistance in pathogens, which is an escalating problem worldwide. The discovery of small molecules that can selectively modulate RecA’s activities can be exploited to tease apart its roles in the de novo development and transmission of antibiotic resistance genes. Toward the goal of discovering small-molecule ligands that can prevent either assembly of an active RecA-DNA filament or its subsequent ATP-dependent motor activities, we report the design and initial validation of a pair of rapid and robust screening assays suitable for the identification of inhbitors of RecA activities. One assay is based on established methods for monitoring ATPase enzyme activity and the second is a novel assay for RecA-DNA filament assembly using fluorescence polarization. Taken together, the assay results reveal complementary sets of agents that can either selectively suppress only the ATP-driven motor activities of the RecA-DNA filament or prevent assembly of active RecA-DNA filaments altogether. The screening assays can be readily configured for use in future automated HTS projects to discover potent inhibitors that may be developed into novel adjuvants for antibiotic chemotherapy that moderate the development and transmission of antibiotic resistance genes and increase the antibiotic therapeutic index.
A universal competitive fluorescence polarization activity assay for S-adenosylmethionine utilizing methyltransferases
Creators: name: Graves, Tiffany L.
name: Scott, John E.
name: Zhang, Yi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: A high-throughput, competitive fluorescence polarization immunoassay has been developed for the detection of methyltransferase activity. The assay was designed to detect S-adenosylhomocysteine (AdoHcy), a product of all S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet)-utilizing methyltransferase reactions. We employed commercially available anti-AdoHcy antibody and fluorescein–AdoHcy conjugate tracer to measure AdoHcy generated as a result of methyltransferase activity. AdoHcy competes with tracer in the antibody/tracer complex. The release of tracer results in a decrease in fluorescence polarization. Under optimized conditions, AdoHcy and AdoMet titrations demonstrated that the antibody had more than a 150-fold preference for binding AdoHcy relative to AdoMet. Mock methyltransferase reactions using both AdoHcy and AdoMet indicated that the assay tolerated 1 to 3 μM AdoMet. The limit of detection was approximately 5 nM (0.15 pmol) AdoHcy in the presence of 3 μM AdoMet. To validate the assay’s ability to quantitate methyltransferase activity, the methyltransferase catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) and a known selective inhibitor of COMT activity were used in proof-of-principle experiments. A time- and enzyme concentration-dependent decrease in fluorescence polarization was observed in the COMT assay that was developed. The IC50 value obtained using a selective COMT inhibitor was consistent with previously published data. Thus, this sensitive and homogeneous assay is amenable for screening compounds for inhibitors of methyltransferase activity.
Enrichment of cysteinyl adducts of human serum albumin
Creators: name: Rappaport, Stephen M.
name: Williams, Evan R.
name: Iavarone, Anthony T.
name: Riby, Jacques
name: Li, He
name: Funk, William E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: We report a method to enrich cysteinyl adducts of human serum albumin (HSA)2, representing biomarkers of exposure to systemic electrophiles. Because the major site of HSA adduction is the single free sulfhydryl group at Cys34, we used thiol-affinity resins to remove mercaptalbumin (i.e., unadducted HSA) from the cysteinyl adducts. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry was used to detect mercaptalbumin and HSA-Cys34 modifications before and after enrichment of HSA. Differences in adduct content were detected across samples of freshly-isolated, archived, and commercial HSA. Cysteinylated and glycosylated adducts were present in all samples with abundances decreasing in the order: commercial HSA > archived HSA > fresh HSA. After enrichment of HSA, mercaptalbumin was no longer observed in mass spectra. The ratio of HSA adducts post-/pre-enrichment, quantified via the Bradford assay and gel electrophoresis, was 0.029 mg adducts/mg HSA in fresh HSA and 0.323 mg adducts/mg HSA in archived HSA. The apparent elevation of adduct levels in archived samples could be due to differences in specimen preparation and storage, rather than to differences in circulating HSA adducts. We conclude that thiol-affinity resins can efficiently remove mercaptalbumin from HSA samples prior to characterization and quantitation of protein adducts of reactive systemic electrophiles.
Beyond Difference: An Ethnography of Families in North Carolina
Creators: name: Milne, Cameron Myers
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: How is the family we create a reflection of the place and time in which we make it? This thesis explores themes of change in families in North Carolina and how we navigate our differences to make sense of a rapidly evolving world. Special emphasis is devoted to the voices of people from different cultural backgrounds to show the fluidity of change as it emerges in the everyday. The findings of this thesis are not fixed, but instead show the various ways families converge beyond their differences and into a new familiar.
Quantification of extracellular UDP-galactose
Creators: name: Lazarowski, Eduardo R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The human P2Y14 receptor is potently activated by UDP-glucose (UDP-Glc), UDP-galactose (UDP-Gal), UDP-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc), and UDP-glucuronic acid. Recently, cellular release of UDP-Glc and UDP-GlcNAc has been reported, but whether additional UDP-sugars are endogenous agonists for the P2Y14 receptor remains poorly defined. In the present study, we describe an assay for the quantification of UDP-Gal with sub-nanomolar sensitivity. This assay is based on the enzymatic conversion of UDP-Gal to UDP, using 1–4-β-galactosyltransferase. UDP is subsequently phosphorylated by nucleoside diphosphokinase in the presence of [γ32P]ATP and the formation of [γ32P]UTP is monitored by high performance liquid chromatography. The overall conversion of UDP-Gal to [γ32P]UTP was linear between 0.5 and 30 nM UDP-Gal. Extracellular UDP-Gal was detected on resting cultures of various cell types, and increased release of UDP-Gal was observed in 1321N1 human astrocytoma cells stimulated with the protease-activated receptor agonist thrombin. Occurrence of regulated release of UDP-Gal suggests that, in addition to its role in glycosylation reactions, UDP-Gal is an important extracellular signaling molecule.
Neudeutschland Gau Oberschlesien im Sog der nationalsozialistischen Machtergreifung
Creators: name: Stallmach, Josef
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 15 Nr. 3 (1986): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 15, Heft 3
First Time Hospital Discharge Transition to Home for Medically Complex Children, a Scoping Review
Creators: name: Moore, Emily
name: Hernandez, Teri L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Nursing workforce
Acute care
Other health sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Question: What are the characteristics of interventions categorized by discharge planning, discharge coordination, discharge teaching, for transition to care at home after hospital discharge for children with medical complexity that improves patient and family outcomes? Search Limits: · Infant (29 days) to 18 years, include parents/caregivers · Publication Years – 10 years (2013-Preset) · English language Eligibility criteria: Inclusion: Children with medical complexity transitioning from hospital to home Exclusion: 0-28 day neonates & those >18 years old, quality improvement, review articles- including meta, scoping, systematic To prepare writing the paper and for peer review feedback, we should write up the following (not all of this would appear in the paper): a. Define medically complex children (e.g., includes children with special health care needs, does not include neonates or specific medical conditions- Excluded specific subsets of children with medical complexity population with defined illness presentation ie., neonates, cardiac patients, etc.) b. If reviewing research only, define research (publication types, etc., related to eligibility criteria, but with justification why) · Research includes studies with empirical design (qualitative, quantitative, mixed methods) · Excluded case studies, commentaries and reports that did not have a review or design component, review articles- including meta, scoping, systematic, quality improvement, c. Why we’re limiting review to 10 publication years Due to initial sample size of 9500ish we are limiting to 10 years. In addition, discharge and transition to home practices have changed over the years, including the increase in use of technology d. Missing abstracts? Move to full review unless title indicates exclusion criteria e. Time frame for initial review:
Lifeway Transitions under Modernization:  Blood Pressure Variation Among Indigenous Siberian Reindeer Herders
Creators: name: Kramer, Jack
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: 
Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, indigenous Siberians have undergone dramatic social and economic transitions, leading to a decline in the health and wellbeing of native populations, including high rates of elevated blood pressure and hypertension. The focus of this study was to examine the blood pressure variation among men and women of the Eveny, Evenki, and Yakut, indigenous groups in Siberia who are experiencing modernization and culture change. There were no significant differences in mean blood pressure values between men and women, but men had a higher prevalence of hypertension. Blood pressure increased with age and adiposity (BMI). For women, age, BMI, and socioeconomic factors of education level and household income were found to be particularly significant for describing blood pressure variation. Age and education level were the only significant factors in explaining variation among men. This suggests that psychosocial stress due to the pressures of modernization may be contributing to elevated blood pressure among indigenous Siberians, particularly women. The findings demonstrate the complexity of the health consequences of modernization and culture change for indigenous populations in Siberia and the need for further research.
Majorana neutrinos production at LHeC in an effective approach
Creators: name: Duarte, Lucía
name: González-Sprinberg, Gabriel A.
name: Sampayo, Oscar Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of detecting Majorana neutrinos at the Large Hadron-electron Collider (LHeC), an electron-proton collision mode at CERN. We study the $l_j^{+} + 3 jets$ ($l_j\equiv e ,μ,τ$) final states which are, due to leptonic number violation, a clear signature for intermediate Majorana neutrino contributions. Such signals are not possible if the heavy neutrinos have Dirac nature. The interactions between Majorana neutrinos and the Standard Model (SM) particles are obtained from an effective lagrangian approach. We present our results for the total cross section as a function of the neutrino mass, the effective couplings and the new physics scale. We also show the discovery region as a function of the Majorana neutrino mass and the effective couplings. Our results show that the LHeC may be able to discover Majorana neutrinos with masses lower than $700$ GeV and $1300$ GeV for electron beams settings of $E_e=50$ GeV and $E_e=150$ GeV, respectively.
description: 15 pages, 11 pdf figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1110.0959
The Intervention Issue: A Case Study Following U.S. Involvement In Conflicts In The Asia-Pacific Theater During The Cold War
Creators: name: Chazal, Vanessa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: This thesis is a case study following the effects of United States military direct and indirect intervention in Southeast Asia during the Cold War, specifically in Laos and Indonesia. The question that this thesis is seeking to answer is whether indirect or direct intervention foreign policy was more effective at getting better outcomes for the territory in which a conflict occurred. I additionally define the health of a state and create a metric for the measurement thereof. I predicted that indirect intervention would result in the best outcome compared to cases of direct intervention. I analyze the conflict outcomes, historical context, and ethical considerations, as well as the health of the state before, during, and after the conflict. I conclude that indirect intervention does result in better outcomes in comparison to direct intervention and recommend that more expansive research be performed before making generalized conclusions regarding the benefits of such strategies.
Nitric Oxide-Releasing Xerogel-Based Fiber-Optic pH Sensors
Creators: name: Schoenfisch, Mark H.
name: Charville, Gregory W.
name: Dobmeier, Kevin P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: A xerogel-based optical pH sensor capable of releasing low levels of nitric oxide (NO) and measuring changes in solution pH is reported. Through simple dip-coating procedures, aminoalkoxysilane-based xerogel films modified with N-diazeniumdiolate NO donor precursors and the fluorescent pH indicator seminaphthorhodamine-1 carboxylate (SNARF-1) were sequentially deposited onto optical fibers. The resulting sensors were characterized by fast and linear response to pH throughout the physiological range (pH 7.0-7.8). Real-time chemiluminescence measurements confirmed the presence of the overlying SNARF-1 containing TMOS layer did not have an inhibitory effect on N-diazeniumdiolate formation or NO release, and the NO-releasing coatings were capable of maintaining NO fluxes >0.4 pmol/cm2s up to 16 h. In vitro blood compatibility studies using porcine platelets confirmed the expected thromboresistivity of the NO-releasing xerogel coatings.
Coaxial Flow System for Chemical Cytometry
Creators: name: Marc, Paul J.
name: Sims, Christopher E.
name: Allbritton, Nancy L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Over the past decade, chemical cytometry performed by capillary electrophoresis (CE) has become increasingly valuable as a bio-analytical tool to quantify analytes from single cells. However, extensive use of CE-based chemical cytometry has been hindered by the relatively low throughput for the analysis of single adherent cells. In order to overcome the low throughput of CE-based analysis of adherent cells and increase its utility in evaluating cellular attributes, new higher throughput methods are needed. Integration of a coaxial buffer exchange system with CE-based chemical cytometry increased the rate of serial analyses of cells. In the designed system, fluid flow through a tube coaxial to the separation capillary was used to supply electrophoretic buffer to the capillary. This sheath or coaxial fluid was turned off between analysis of cells and on during cell sampling and electrophoresis. Thus, living cells were not exposed to the nonphysiologic electrophoretic buffer prior to lysis. Key parameters of the system such as the relative capillary-sheath positions, buffer flow velocities, and the cell chamber design were optimized. To demonstrate the utility of the system, rat basophilic leukemic cells loaded with Oregon Green and fluorescein were serially lysed and loaded into a capillary. Separation of the contents of 20 cells at a rate of 0.5 cells/min was demonstrated.
Fragmentation Characteristics of Collision-Induced Dissociation in MALDI TOF/TOF Mass Spectrometry
Creators: name: Ramkissoon, Kevin
name: Khatun, Jainab
name: Giddings, Morgan C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The identification of proteins by tandem mass spectrometry relies on knowledge of the products produced by collision-induced dissociation of peptide ions. Most previous work has focused on fragmentation statistics for ion trap systems. We analyzed fragmentation in MALDI TOF/TOF mass spectrometry, collecting statistics using a curated set of 2459 MS/MS spectra, and applying bootstrap resampling to assess confidence intervals. We calculated the frequency of 18 product ion types, the correlation between both mass and intensity with ion type, the dependence of amide bond breakage on the residues surrounding the cleavage site, and the dependence of product ion detection on residues not adjacent to the cleavage site. The most frequently observed were internal ions, followed by y ions. A strong correlation between ion type and the mass and intensity of its peak was observed, with b and y ions producing the most intense and highest-mass peaks. The amino acids P, W, D and R had a strong effect on amide bond cleavage when situated next to the breakage site, whereas residues including I, K and H had a strong effect on product ion observation when located in the peptide but not adjacent to the cleavage site, a novel observation.
Erfahrungen im Umgang mit der Heiligen Schrift
Creators: name: Greiner, Franz
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 15 Nr. 3 (1986): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 15, Heft 3
Spin--orbital interaction for face-sharing octahedra: Realization of a highly symmetric SU(4) model
Creators: name: Kugel, K. I.
name: Khomskii, D. I.
name: Sboychakov, A. O.
name: Streltsov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Specific features of orbital and spin structure of transition metal compounds in the case of the face-sharing MO$_6$ octahedra are analyzed. In this geometry, we consider the form of the spin--orbital Hamiltonian for transition metal ions with double ($e_g^σ$) or triple ($t_{2g}$) orbital degeneracy. Trigonal distortions typical of the structures with face-sharing octahedra lead to splitting of $t_{2g}$ orbitals into an $a_{1g}$ singlet and $e_g^π$ doublet. For both doublets ($e_g^σ$ and $e_g^π$), in the case of one electron or hole per site, we arrive at a symmetric model with the orbital and spin interaction of the Heisenberg type and the Hamiltonian of unexpectedly high symmetry: SU(4). Thus, many real materials with this geometry can serve as a testing ground for checking the prediction of this interesting theoretical model. We also compare general trends in spin--orbital ("Kugel--Khomskii") exchange interaction for three typical situations: those of MO$_6$ octahedra with common corner, common edge, and the present case of common face, which has not been considered yet.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, RevTeX, in version 2, we took into account the remarks of Referees
Photoresist with Low Fluorescence for Bioanalytical Applications
Creators: name: Allbritton, Nancy L.
name: Bachman, Mark
name: Li, G. P.
name: Sims, Christopher E.
name: Salazar, Gina To'A
name: Pai, Jeng-Hao
name: Wang, Yuli
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The negative photoresist SU-8 has found widespread use as a material in the fabrication of microelectrical-mechanical systems (MEMS). While SU-8 has been utilized as a structural material for biological MEMS, a number of SU-8 properties limit its application in these bioanalytical devices. These attributes include its brittleness, nonspecific adsorption of biomolecules, and high fluorescence in the visible wavelengths. In addition, native SU-8 is a poor substrate for cellular adhesion. Photoresists composed of resins with epoxide side groups and photoacids were screened for their ability to serve as a low fluorescence photoresist with sufficient resolution to generate microstructures with dimensions of 5-10 μm. The fluorescence of structures formed from 1002F photoresist (1002F resin combined with triarylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate salts) was as much as 10 times less fluorescent than similar SU-8 microstructures. The absorbance of 1002F in the visible wavelengths was also substantially lower than that of SU-8. Microstructures or pallets with an aspect ratio as high as 4:1 could be formed permitting 1002F to be used as a structural material in the fabrication of arrays of pallets for sorting adherent cells. Several different cell types were able to adhere to native 1002F surfaces and the viability of these cells was excellent. As with SU-8, 1002F has a weak adhesion to glass, a favorable attribute when the pallet arrays are used to sort adherent cells. A threshold, laser-pulse energy of 3.5 μJ was required to release individual 50-μm, 1002F pallets from an array. Relative to SU-8, 1002F photoresist offers substantial improvements as a substrate in bioanalytical devices and is likely to find widespread use in BioMEMS.
Das "Pascha-Mysterium" des Wortes Gottes
Creators: name: Sicari, Antonio
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 15 Nr. 3 (1986): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 15, Heft 3
A variational model of charged drops in dielectrically matched binary fluids: the effect of charge discreteness
Creators: name: Muratov, Cyrill B.
name: Novaga, Matteo
name: Zaleski, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper addresses the ill-posedness of the classical Rayleigh variational model of conducting charged liquid drops by incorporating the discreteness of the elementary charges. Introducing the model that describes two immiscible fluids with the same dielectric constant, with a drop of one fluid containing a fixed number of elementary charges together with their solvation spheres, we interpret the equilibrium shape of the drop as a global minimizer of the sum of its surface energy and the electrostatic repulsive energy between the charges under fixed drop volume. For all model parameters, we establish existence of generalized minimizers that consist of at most a finite number of components ``at infinity''. We also give several existence and non-existence results for classical minimizers consisting of only a single component. In particular, we identify an asymptotically sharp threshold for the number of charges to yield existence of minimizers in a regime corresponding to macroscopically large drops containing a large number of charges. The obtained non-trivial threshold is significantly below the corresponding threshold for the Rayleigh model, consistently with the ill-posedness of the latter and demonstrating a particular regularizing effect of the charge discreteness. However, when a minimizer does exist in this regime, it approaches a ball with the charge uniformly distributed on the surface as the number of charges goes to infinity, just as in the Rayleigh model. Finally, we provide an explicit solution for the problem with two charges and a macroscopically large drop.
description: 56 pages, 5 figures
title: Rhetorik
Creators: name: Arnold, Stefan
name: Dagovych, Tetyana
name: Kramp-Seidel, Nicola
name: Schnetter, Marcus
name: Wagner-Egelhaaf, Martina
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 340 Law
subject: 400 Language
subject: 808 Rhetoric and collections of literary texts from more than two literatures

description: Sowohl das Recht als auch die Literatur sind sprachlich verfasst. Als rhetorisch ist die adressaten- und wirkungsbezogene Geformtheit von Rechtstexten und literarischen Texten zu beschreiben. Dabei umfasst 'Rhetorik' mehr als den Einsatz bestimmter 'rhetorischer Mittel' (Elocutio-Rhetorik). Wie gerade die sog. 'neue Rhetorik' im Anschluss an Aristoteles geltend gemacht hat, ist die Argumentation wesentliches Element der rhetorischen Kommunikation. Zugriffsweisen auf die Rhetorik unterscheiden sich historisch, kulturell und bezüglich ihrer epistemischen Funktion. Daher argumentiert die neuere Rhetorik-Forschung dafür, rhetorische Produktion geschehensorientiert zu untersuchen und dabei ihrer Geschichtlichkeit Rechnung zu tragen. Der vorliegende Artikel gibt keinen allumfassenden Überblick, sondern fokussiert auf die Rhetorik im Recht und in der Literatur sowie auf rhetorische Dimensionen des Verhältnisses von Recht und Literatur.
description: Both law and literature are composed of language. The forming of legal and literary texts according to their recipients and effects can be described as rhetoric. In this sense, 'rhetoric' includes more than the use of certain rhetorical devices (elocutio rhetoric). Especially as the so-called 'new rhetoric' has asserted following Aristotle, argumentation is a central element of rhetorical communication. Modes of access to rhetoric differ historically, culturally and in relation to their epistemic function. Therefore, newer research on rhetoric argues in favour of analysing rhetorical production as it occurs and at the same time accounting for its historicity. This article does not provide an all-encompassing overview, but focuses on rhetoric in law and in literature as well as on the rhetorical dimensions of the relationship between law and literature.
Element- and charge-state-resolved ion energies in the cathodic arc plasma from composite AlCr cathodes in argon, nitrogen and oxygen atmospheres
Creators: name: Franz, Robert
name: Polcik, Peter
name: Anders, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy distribution functions of ions in the cathodic arc plasma using composite AlCr cathodes were measured as a function of the background gas pressure in the range 0.5 to 3.5 Pa for different cathode compositions and gas atmospheres. The most abundant aluminium ions were Al$^{+}$ regardless of the background gas species, whereas Cr$^{2+}$ ions were dominating in Ar and N$_2$ and Cr$^{+}$ in O$_2$ atmospheres. The energy distributions of the aluminium and chromium ions typically consisted of a high-energy fraction due to acceleration in the expanding plasma plume from the cathode spot and thermalised ions that were subjected to collisions in the plasma cloud. The fraction of the latter increased with increasing background gas pressure. Atomic nitrogen and oxygen ions showed similar energy distributions as the aluminium and chromium ions, whereas the argon and molecular nitrogen and oxygen ions were formed at greater distance from the cathode spot and thus less subject to accelerating gradients. In addition to the positively charged metal and gas ions, negatively charged oxygen and oxygen-containing ions were observed in O$_2$ atmosphere. The obtained results are intended to provide a comprehensive overview of the ion energies and charge states in the arc plasma of AlCr composite cathodes in different gas atmospheres as such plasmas are frequently used to deposit thin films and coatings.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures - title changed - typos corrected - discussion extended, results unchanged
School Meals and Educational Outcomes in Rural Ethiopia
Creators: name: Poppe, Robert
name: Frölich, Markus
name: Getinet Haile
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: We investigate the relationship between providing school meals programmes and educational outcomes in Ethiopia. Using data from school catchment areas across rural Ethiopia, the paper examines the role played by programme modalities and their implementation. The results indicate that supplementing on-site school meals with take-home rations can be beneficial for concentration, reading, writing and arithmetic skills. The timing of the distribution of school meals is also found to play an important role.
Gate-tunable giant superconducting nonreciprocal transport in few-layer $T_{\rm d}$-MoTe$_2$
Creators: name: Wakamura, T.
name: Hashisaka, M.
name: Hoshino, S.
name: Bard, M.
name: Okazaki, S.
name: Sasagawa, T.
name: Taniguchi, T.
name: Watanabe, K.
name: Muraki, K.
name: Kumada, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate gate-tunable giant field-dependent nonreciprocal transport (magnetochiral anisotropy) in a noncentrosymmetric superconductor $T_{\rm d}$-MoTe$_2$ in the thin limit. Giant magnetochiral anisotropy (MCA) with a rectification coefficient $γ$ = $3.1 \times 10^6$ T$^{-1}$ A$^{-1}$, is observed at 230 mK, below the superconducting transition temperature ($T_c$). This is one of the largest values reported so far and is likely attributed to the reduced symmetry of the crystal structure. The temperature dependence of $γ$ indicates that the ratchet-like motion of magnetic vortices is the origin of the MCA, as supported by our theoretical model. For bilayer $T_{\rm d}$-MoTe$_2$, we successfully perform gate control of the MCA and realize threefold modulation of $γ$. Our experimental results provide a new route to realizing electrically controllable superconducting rectification devices in a single material.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
The inversion of the ‘really big trade-off’: homeownership and pensions in long-run perspective
Creators: name: Gunten, Tod Van
name: Kohl, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: The hypothesis of a trade-off between homeownership and welfare state provision, first proposed by Jim Kemeny around 1980, is a foundational claim in the political economy of housing. However, the evidence for this hypothesis is unclear at both macro and micro levels. This paper examines the link between welfare and homeownership at the macro level using new long-run data and a multilevel modelling approach. It shows that the negative cross-sectional correlation between homeownership and public welfare provision observed in the earliest available data disappears and becomes neutral by the 1980s and possibly positive subsequently. Within-country trajectories vary, but are significantly positive in more countries than significantly negative, suggesting that in some contexts welfare and homeownership are complements rather than competitors. The paper posits a dual ratchet effect mechanism in both pension benefits and homeownership capable of producing this inversion, and further suggests that rising public indebtedness and the debt-stabilising effects of welfare states may account for the emergence of complementarity in the pension‒homeownership relationship. The latter supports the hypothesis that some countries have avoided the trade-off by ‘buying time’ on credit markets.
Where are the roots of the Bethe Ansatz equations?
Creators: name: Vieira, R. S.
name: Lima-Santos, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Changing the variables in the Bethe Ansatz Equations (BAE) for the XXZ six-vertex model we had obtained a coupled system of polynomial equations. This provided a direct link between the BAE deduced from the Algebraic Bethe Ansatz (ABA) and the BAE arising from the Coordinate Bethe Ansatz (CBA). For two magnon states this polynomial system could be decoupled and the solutions given in terms of the roots of some self-inversive polynomials. From theorems concerning the distribution of the roots of self-inversive polynomials we made a thorough analysis of the two magnon states, which allowed us to find the location and multiplicity of the Bethe roots in the complex plane, to discuss the completeness and singularities of Bethe's equations, the ill-founded string-hypothesis concerning the location of their roots, as well as to find an interesting connection between the BAE with Salem's polynomials.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Die Lesung der Heiligen Schrift "im Geist"
Creators: name: La Potterie, Ignace De
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 15 Nr. 3 (1986): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 15, Heft 3
Effects of Depressive Symptoms and Inflammation on Social Behavior
Creators: name: Barnes, Sarah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Recent literature has shown that the immune system is also responsible for regulating social behavior. When an individual experiences an inflammatory-induced sickness, they are likely to partake in sickness behaviors. Specifically, when experiencing heightened inflammation an individual is likely to withdraw from strangers and approach close others for support. Additionally, depressive symptomology has been shown to be interconnected to inflammation and social behavior. The current study examined the effects of depressive symptoms and inflammation on social behavior, specifically how these factors influence feelings of social connection and enjoyment during a social interaction. We recruited a sample (N=28) comprised of college students who were randomly assigned to receive either the sham or influenza vaccine. Following this, the participants completed social interaction tasks with both a stranger and close other. After each interaction, the participant reported post-interaction feelings of social connection and enjoyment. Our results showed the only significant predictor for both enjoyment and social connection was relationship type. Additionally, condition and relationship type predicted feelings of social connection. Despite prior associations between depressive symptoms and social behaviors, there were no significant findings when PHQ-9 levels were considered as a moderator. This preliminary study provides additional support that when humans are experiencing a mild inflammatory challenge such as an influenza vaccine, they are likely to approach a close other for support and withdrawal from a stranger. Further research is needed to understand how depressive symptoms contribute to this relationship.
Biarsenical−Tetracysteine Motif as a Fluorescent Tag for Detection in Capillary Electrophoresis
Creators: name: Aoto, Phillip C.
name: Kottegoda, Sumith
name: Allbritton, Nancy L.
name: Sims, Christopher E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Biarsenical dyes complexed to tetracysteine motifs have proven to be highly useful fluorescent dyes in labeling specific cellular proteins for microscopic imaging. Their many advantages include membrane permeability, relatively small size, stoichiometric labeling, high affinity, and an assortment of excitation/emission wavelengths. The goal of the current study was to determine whether the biarsenical labeling scheme could be extended to fluorescent detection of analytes in capillary electrophoresis. Recombinant protein or synthesized peptides containing the optimized tetracysteine motif “-C-C-P-G-C-C-” were labeled with biarsenical dyes and then analyzed by MEKC. The biarsenical-tetracysteine complex was stable and remained fluorescent under standard micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MEKC) conditions for peptide and protein separations. The detection limit following electrophoresis in a capillary was less than 3 × 10−20 moles with a simple laser-induced fluorescence system. A mixture of multiple biarsenical-labeled peptides and a protein were easily resolved. Demonstrating that the label did not interfere with bioactivity, a peptide-based enzyme substrate conjugated to the tetracysteine motif and labeled with a biarsenical dye retained its ability to be phosphorylated by the parent kinase. The feasibility of using this label for chemical cytometry experiments was shown by intracellular labeling and subsequent analysis of a recombinant protein possessing the tetracysteine motif expressed in living cells. The extension of the biarsenical-tetracysteine tag to fluorescent labeling of peptides and proteins in chemical separations is a valuable addition to biochemical and cell-based investigations.
Instruktion über die historische Wahrheit der Evangelien "Sancta Mater Ecclesia" vom 21. April 1964. N.2
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 15 Nr. 3 (1986): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 15, Heft 3
CoDEPS: Online Continual Learning for Depth Estimation and Panoptic Segmentation
Creators: name: Vödisch, Niclas
name: Petek, Kürsat
name: Burgard, Wolfram
name: Valada, Abhinav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Operating a robot in the open world requires a high level of robustness with respect to previously unseen environments. Optimally, the robot is able to adapt by itself to new conditions without human supervision, e.g., automatically adjusting its perception system to changing lighting conditions. In this work, we address the task of continual learning for deep learning-based monocular depth estimation and panoptic segmentation in new environments in an online manner. We introduce CoDEPS to perform continual learning involving multiple real-world domains while mitigating catastrophic forgetting by leveraging experience replay. In particular, we propose a novel domain-mixing strategy to generate pseudo-labels to adapt panoptic segmentation. Furthermore, we explicitly address the limited storage capacity of robotic systems by leveraging sampling strategies for constructing a fixed-size replay buffer based on rare semantic class sampling and image diversity. We perform extensive evaluations of CoDEPS on various real-world datasets demonstrating that it successfully adapts to unseen environments without sacrificing performance on previous domains while achieving state-of-the-art results. The code of our work is publicly available at http://codeps.cs.uni-freiburg.de.
description: Accepted for "Robotics: Science and Systems (RSS) 2023"
Langevin dynamics for vector variables driven by multiplicative white noise: a functional formalism
Creators: name: Moreno, Miguel Vera
name: Arenas, Zochil González
name: Barci, Daniel G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss general multi-dimensional stochastic processes driven by a system of Langevin equations with multiplicative white noise. In particular, we address the problem of how time reversal diffusion processes are affected by the variety of conventions available to deal with stochastic integrals. We present a functional formalism to built up the generating functional of correlation functions without any type of discretization of the Langevin equations at any intermediate step. The generating functional is characterized by a functional integration over two sets of commuting variables as well as Grassmann variables. In this representation, time reversal transformation became a linear transformation in the extended variables, simplifying in this way the complexity introduced by the mixture of prescriptions and the associated calculus rules. The stochastic calculus is codified in our formalism in the structure of the Grassmann algebra. We study some examples such as higher order derivatives Langevin equations and the functional representation of the micromagnetic stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, section VI-A added, final version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E
Carbon Nanotube Stationary Head CT Scanner Prototype Evaluation
Creators: name: Tysor, Seth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare neuroimages produced from a prototype carbon nanotube stationary head CT scanner to that of a clinical CT scanner used to diagnose stroke and traumatic brain injuries in human subjects for military deployment. Five subjects were scanned with each CT scanner and their images were compared through qualitative analysis using Fiji software. By evaluating the image quality produced from each CT scanner, we were able to determine future directions for improvement of the prototype which contains three-carbon nanotube (CNT) field emission x-ray source arrays, nine x-ray detectors, and translates the subjects at a rate of 5 mm per second. The results of the study demonstrated the CNT s-HCT prototype can visualize bone tissue, calcifications, sinuses, and airways well; however, soft tissue and blood cannot be visualized, suggesting a higher radiation dose may be necessary for visualization. By implementing a higher radiation dosage, redesigning the prototype to allow for complete cranium scanning, and increasing population size with future studies, the prototype may be utilized in severe environments due to its lighter weight and fewer moving parts.
Examining the Differences in Arthropod Abundance on Native vs. Non-native Plants
Creators: name: Whitener, Colleen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: A non-native plant species is one introduced to a new geographical area where it doesn’t naturally occur. As it doesn’t occur naturally, it has no natural predators and can increase in abundance and distribution, the enemy release hypothesis; therefore, non-native plants support fewer arthropods than native plants. Caterpillars, as they interact closely with plants’ secondary compounds, are expected to decrease in abundance on non-native plants while spiders who use plants for their structure and as hunting grounds will be affected the least. True bugs and beetles are expected to be moderately affected as they consume plant leaves, inert tissues, use them as hunting grounds, and for their structure. Here, I use Caterpillars Count!, a citizen science dataset, to determine how arthropod abundance—density, biomass, and occurrence—is affected by native vs. non-native plants. Analyses were done on all plant species in the dataset than on the Oleaceae and Rosaceae families with a focus on genus-level Lepidoptera richness and the arthropod abundance metrics. Caterpillars and spiders followed the expected trend, but beetles were more weakly affected while true bugs were more strongly affected. Density and occurrence supported the most Lepidoptera genera per branch. Arthropod abundance is known to be affected by evolutionary history, geographic/climatic ranges, and landscape usage. Examining how these affect arthropod abundance is important as with fewer arthropods the food web could be destabilized as insectivores like birds would have less nutritious food.
Determination of Sphingosine Kinase Activity for Cellular Signaling Studies
Creators: name: Mwongela, Simon M.
name: Sims, Christopher E.
name: Nelson, Allison R.
name: Allbritton, Nancy L.
name: Lee, Katherine J.
name: Kottegoda, Sumith
name: Borland, Laura
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Regulation of sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate concentrations is of growing interest due to their importance in cellular signal transduction. Furthermore, new pharmaceutical agents moderating the intracellular and extracellular levels of sphingosine metabolites are showing promise in preclinical and clinical trials. In the present work, a quantitative assay relying on capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence detection was developed to measure the interconversion of sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate. The assay was demonstrated to be capable of determining the in vitro activity of both kinase and phosphatase using purified enzymes. The KM of sphingosine kinase for its fluorescently labeled substrate was 38 ± 18 μM with a Vmax of 0.4 ± 0.2 μM/min and a kcat of 3900 s−1. Pharmacologic inhibition of sphingosine kinase in a concentration-dependent manner was also demonstrated. Moreover, the fluorescent substrate was shown to be readily taken up by mammalian cells making it possible to study the endogenous activity of sphingosine kinase activity in living cells. The method was readily adaptable to the use of either bulk cell lysates or very small numbers of intact cells. This new methodology provides enhancements over standard methods in sensitivity, quantification, and manpower for both in vitro and cell-based assays.
ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE OF YTTRIUM-DOPED NIOBIUM  MOLYBDENUM OXIDE NANOWIRES FOR LI-ION BATTERIES
Creators: Fatile, Oluwagbenga
Pugh, Martin
Medraj, Mamoun
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Conference abstract. Part of the Proceedings of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering International Congress 2022.