cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Conventional Computed Tomographic Calcium Scoring vs full chest CTCS for lung cancer screening: a cost-effectiveness analysis
Creators: name: Boxiang Jiang
name: Linden, Philip A.
name: Gupta, Amit
name: Jarrett, Craig
name: Worrell, Stephanie G.
name: Ho, Vanessa P.
name: Perry, Yaron
name: Towe, Christopher W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Supplemental Figure 1. Proposed protocol for FCT.
Denkmäler altarmenischer Meßliturgie
Creators: name: Ferhat, P... Petrus
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 9 (1911): Oriens christianus, Band 9
Stable solitons in a nearly PT-symmetric ferromagnet with spin-transfer torque
Creators: name: Barashenkov, I. V.
name: Chernyavsky, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Landau-Lifshitz equation for the spin torque oscillator - a uniaxial ferromagnet in an external magnetic field with polarised spin current driven through it. In the absence of the Gilbert damping, the equation turns out to be PT-symmetric. We interpret the PT-symmetry as a balance between gain and loss - and identify the gaining and losing modes. In the vicinity of the bifurcation point of a uniform static state of magnetisation, the PT-symmetric Landau-Lifshitz equation with a small dissipative perturbation reduces to a nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a quadratic nonlinearity. The analysis of the Schrödinger dynamics demonstrates that the spin torque oscillator supports stable magnetic solitons. The PT near-symmetry is crucial for the soliton stability: the addition of a finite dissipative term to the Landau-Lifshitz equation destabilises all solitons that we have found.
description: Physica D (2020) Article in Press. Updated version: a metadata typo corrected
Admixtures to d-wave gap symmetry in untwinned YBa2Cu3O7 superconducting films measured by angle-resolved electron tunneling
Creators: name: Smilde, H. J. H.
name: Golubov, A. A.
name: Ariando
name: Rijnders, G.
name: Dekkers, J. M.
name: Harkema, S.
name: Blank, D. H. A.
name: Rogalla, H.
name: Hilgenkamp, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on an \textit{ab}-anisotropy of $J_{c \parallel b}/J_{c \parallel a}% \cong 1.8$ and $I_{c}R_{n \parallel b}/I_{c}R_{n \parallel a}\cong 1.2$ in ramp-edge junctions between untwinned YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{7}$ and $s$% -wave Nb. For these junctions, the angle $θ$ with the YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{7}$ crystal b-axis is varied as a single parameter. The $R_{n}$A($θ$)-dependence presents 2-fold symmetry. The minima in $I_{c}R_{n}$ at $θ\cong 50^{\circ}$ suggest a real s-wave subdominant component and negligible $d_{xy}$-wave or imaginary s-wave admixtures. The $I_{c}R_{n}$($θ$)-dependence is well-fitted by 83% $d_{x^{2}-y^{2}}$-, 15% isotropic $s$- and 2% anisotropic s-wave order parameter symmetry, consistent with $Δ_{b}/Δ_{a} \cong 1.5$.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Physical Review Letters
Data-driven fracture mechanics
Creators: name: Carrara, Pietro
name: De Lorenzis, Laura
name: Stainier, Laurent
name: Ortiz, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a new data-driven paradigm for variational brittle fracture mechanics. The fracture-related material modeling assumptions are removed and the governing equations stemming from variational principles are combined with a set of discrete data points, leading to a model-free data-driven method of solution. The solution at a given load step is identified as the point within the data set that best satisfies either the Kuhn-Tucker conditions stemming from the variational fracture problem or global minimization of a suitable energy functional, leading to data-driven counterparts of both the local and the global minimization approaches of variational fracture mechanics. Both formulations are tested on different test configurations with and without noise and for Griffith and R-curve type fracture behavior.
description: Accepted CMAME revised version, details added, conclusions did not change
Spectrum of Particles Created in Inhomogeneous Spacetimes
Creators: name: Huang, Wung-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is proved that the spectrum of scalar particles generated from the initial vacuum in inhomogeneous spacetime is nearly thermal in the limit of large momentum $k$, if the momentum was defined as the variable of the Fourier transform of the coordinate in the scalar field.
Semiclassical Geometry of 4D Reduced Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Integrals
Creators: name: Burda, Zdzislaw
name: Petersson, Bengt
name: Wattenberg, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate semiclassical properties of space-time geometry of the low energy limit of reduced four dimensional supersymmetric Yang-Mills integrals using Monte-Carlo simulations. The limit is obtained by an one-loop approximation of the original Yang-Mills integrals leading to an effective model of branched polymers. We numerically determine the behaviour of the gyration radius, the two-point correlation function and the Polyakov-line operator in the effective model and discuss the results in the context of the large-distance behaviour of the original matrix model.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, corrected version v3
Willingness to Pay for Genetically Modified Oil, Cornflakes, and Salmon: Evidence from a U.S. Telephone Survey
Creators: name: Kaneko, Naoya
name: Chern, Wen S.
name: Kaneko, Naoya
name: Chern, Wen S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: contingent valuation
subject: GMO
subject: multinomial logit model
subject: telephone survey
subject: willingness to pay

description: This paper reports results from a U.S. national telephone survey on genetically modified foods (vegetable oil, cornflakes, and salmon). The survey featured a contingent valuation in which respondents chose between the GM and non-GM alternatives with an option of indifference. The binomial and multinomial logit models yielded estimated willingness to pay (WTP) to avoid the GM alternatives. Respondents were willing to pay 20.9%, 14.8%, 28.4%, and 29.7% of the base prices to avoid GM vegetable oil, GM cornflakes, GM-fed salmon, and GM salmon, respectively. The inclusion of indifference option could increase the sample size and moderate the mean WTP.
Additional file 1 of Iranian nurses’ perceptions about using physical restraint for hospitalized elderly people: a cross-sectional descriptive-correlational study
Creators: name: Sharifi, Azam
name: Arsalani, Narges
name: Fallahi-Khoshknab, Masoud
name: Mohammadi-Shahbolaghi, Farahnaz
name: Ebadi, Abbas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Data collection instruments. Perceptions of Restraint Use Questionnaire (PRUQ) and a demographic questionnaire.
Isospin dependence of nucleon effective mass in Dirac Brueckner-Hartree-Fock approach
Creators: name: Ma, Zhong-yu
name: Rong, Jian
name: Chen, Bao-Qiu
name: Zhu, Zhi-Yuan
name: Song, Hong-Qiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The isospin dependence of the nucleon effective mass is investigated in the framework of the Dirac Brueckner-Hartree-Fock (DBHF) approach. The definition of nucleon scalar and vector effective masses in the relativistic approach is clarified. Only the vector effective mass is the quantity related to the empirical value extracted from the analysis in the nonrelatiistic shell and optical potentials. In the relativistic mean field theory, where the nucleon scalar and vector potentials are both energy independent, the neutron vector potential is stronger than that of proton in the neutron rich nuclear matter, which produces a smaller neutron vector effective mass than that of proton. It is pointed out that the energy dependence of nucleon potentials has to be considered in the analysis of the isospin dependence of the nucleon effective mass. In the DBHF the neutron vector effective mass is larger than that of proton once the energy dependence of nucleon potentials is considered. The results are consistent with the analysis of phenomenological isospin dependent optical potentials.
description: 4 pages, 3 Postscript figures
Gravitational Field of Radiating Cosmic String
Creators: name: Huang, Wung-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the Einstein equation with the energy-momentum tensors which correspond to an infinite line string of finite radius plus an outgoing radiation field. It is used to see the effect of the radiation field on the spacetime of a cosmic string. We make some assumptions about the metric coefficients and find a class of exact solution. The result can be applied to study the back reaction on a radiating cosmic string.
A wide angle view of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy -- II. A CEMP-r/s star in the Sagittarius dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy
Creators: name: Sbordone, L.
name: Hansen, C. J.
name: Monaco, L.
name: Cristallo, S.
name: Bonifacio, P.
name: Caffau, E.
name: Villanova, S.
name: Amigo, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the discovery and chemical abundance analysis of the first CEMP-r/s star detected in the Sagittarius dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy, by means of UVES high resolution spectra. The star, found in the outskirts of Sgr dSph, along the main body major axis, is a moderately metal poor giant (T$_{eff}$=4753 K, log g=1.75, [Fe/H]=-1.55), with [C/Fe]=1.13 placing it in the so-called "high-carbon band", and strong s-process and r-process enrichment ([Ba/Fe]=1.4, [Eu/Fe]=1.01). Abundances of 29 elements from C to Dy were obtained. The chemical pattern appears to be best fitted by a scenario where an r-process pollution event pre-enriched the material out of which the star was born as secondary in a binary system whose primary evolved through the AGB phase, providing C and s-process enrichment.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, Accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysics
The Legal Environment Facing Economic Agents in Production
Creators: name: Hipp, Janie S.
name: Francis, Harriet F.
name: Hipp, Janie S.
name: Francis, Harriet F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: contracting
subject: environment
subject: labor
subject: law
subject: liability
subject: relationships
subject: risk

description: Agriculture has seen a steady movement toward the increased use of contracts. Agricultural contracts now guide the interrelationships of parties throughout the modern production system, extending well beyond the livestock sector. With this predominance come new issues that require us to reexamine contract theory and the roles of the parties. This review examines legislation, regulations, and recent court rulings in seemingly unrelated areas that have specific relationships to the development of contracts in production agriculture: environmental law and labor law.
Large Momenta Fluctuations Of Charm Quarks In The Quark-Gluon Plasma
Creators: name: Terranova, S.
name: Zhou, D. M.
name: Bonasera, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that large fluctuations of D mesons kinetic energy (or momentum) distributions might be a signature of a phase transition to the quark gluon plasma (QGP). In particular, a jump in the variance of the momenta or kinetic energy, as a function of a control parameter (temperature or Fermi energy at finite baryon densities) might be a signature for a first order phase transition to the QGP. This behaviour is completely consistent with the order parameter defined for a system of interacting quarks at zero temperature and finite baryon densities which shows a jump in correspondance to a first order phase transition to the QGP. The $J/Ψ$ shows exactly the same behavior of the order parameter and of the variance of the D mesons. We discuss implications for relativistic heavy ion collisions within the framework of a transport model and possible hints for experimental data.
description: 4 pages 3 figures
Orbital eigenchannel analysis for ab-initio quantum transport calculations
Creators: name: Jacob, David
name: Palacios, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to extract the orbital contribution to the transport eigenchannels from a first-principles quantum transport calculation in a nanoscopic conductor. This is achieved by calculating and diagonalizing the first-principles transmission matrix reduced to selected scattering cross-sections. As an example, the orbital nature of the eigenchannels in the case of Ni nanocontacts is explored, stressing the difficulties inherent to the use of non-orthogonal basis sets and first-principles Hamiltonians.
description: 5 pages, 5 figurs; replaced with final version, introduction revised; to be published in PRB
Epidemic dynamics on an adaptive network
Creators: name: Gross, Thilo
name: D'Lima, Carlos Dommar
name: Blasius, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many real world networks are characterized by adaptive changes in their topology depending on the dynamic state of their nodes. Here we study epidemic dynamics in an adaptive network, where susceptibles are able to avoid contact with infected by rewiring their network connections. We demonstrate that adaptive rewiring has profound consequences for the emerging network structure, giving rise to assortative degree correlation and a separation into two loosely connected sub-compartments. This leads to dynamics such as oscillations, hysteresis and 1st order transitions. We describe the system in terms of a simple model using a pair-approximation and present a full local bifurcation analysis. Our results indicate that the interplay between dynamics and topology can have important consequences for the spreading of infectious diseases and related applications.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, final version
Reconstructing Highly-twisted Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Demcsak, Victor M.
name: Wheatland, Michael S.
name: Mastrano, Alpha
name: Yang, Kai E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ability of a nonlinear force-free code to calculate highly-twisted magnetic field configurations using the Titov and Démoulin (1999) equilibrium field as a test case. The code calculates a force-free field using boundary conditions on the normal component of the field in the lower boundary, and the normal component of the current density over one polarity of the field in the lower boundary. The code can also use the current density over both polarities of the field in the lower boundary as a boundary condition. We investigate the accuracy of the reconstructions with increasing flux-rope surface twist number $N_{\textrm{t}}$, achieved by decreasing the sub-surface line current in the model. We find that the code can approximately reconstruct the Titov-Démoulin field for surface twist numbers up to $N_{\textrm{t}} \approx 8.8$. This includes configurations with bald patches. We investigate the ability to recover bald patches, and more generally identify the limitations of our method for highly-twisted fields. The results have implications for our ability to reconstruct coronal magnetic fields from observational data.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures, accepted by Solar Physics
Export market integration in the European Union
Creators: name: Gil Pareja, Salvador
name: Sosvilla Rivero, Simon
name: Gil Pareja, Salvador
name: Sosvilla Rivero, Simon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: export market integration
subject: European Union
subject: exchange rates

description: This paper examines the degree and recent evolution (1988-2001) of export-price dispersion among European Union countries. It also explores the effect of exchange rates on export-price dispersion by reviewing the experience of some European countries that participated in the exchange rate stability zone. The results indicate that export-price dispersion across European Union countries was usually lower than across OECD countries. Moreover, although there is little evidence of convergence, this is stronger across European Union countries. Finally, even though price dispersion was often lower across European Union countries where exchange rates have been relatively stable than across countries with relatively volatile exchange rates, exchange-rate stability has not significantly contributed to export-price convergence across participating countries over the sample period.
Deblurring using Analysis-Synthesis Networks Pair
Creators: name: Kaufman, Adam
name: Fattal, Raanan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Blind image deblurring remains a challenging problem for modern artificial neural networks. Unlike other image restoration problems, deblurring networks fail behind the performance of existing deblurring algorithms in case of uniform and 3D blur models. This follows from the diverse and profound effect that the unknown blur-kernel has on the deblurring operator. We propose a new architecture which breaks the deblurring network into an analysis network which estimates the blur, and a synthesis network that uses this kernel to deblur the image. Unlike existing deblurring networks, this design allows us to explicitly incorporate the blur-kernel in the network's training. In addition, we introduce new cross-correlation layers that allow better blur estimations, as well as unique components that allow the estimate blur to control the action of the synthesis deblurring action. Evaluating the new approach over established benchmark datasets shows its ability to achieve state-of-the-art deblurring accuracy on various tests, as well as offer a major speedup in runtime.
Additional file 2 of Essential tremor: what is beyond the oscillatory monosymptomatic illness?
Creators: name: Elhassanien, Mahmoud Ebrahim Mostafa
name: Rashed, Khaled Hussein
name: Bahnasy, Wafik Said
name: El-Heneedy, Yasser Abo Elfotoh
name: Ehab Ahmed Shawky El-Seidy
name: Tomoum, Mohamed Osama
name: Ramadan, Kareem Mohammed
name: Kotait, Mona Ahmed
name: Reham Abdel Rahman Amer
name: ELAhwal, Shereen Ahmed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Sniffin’ Sticks test
Location of Production and Consolidation in the Processing Industry: The Case of Poultry
Creators: name: Goodwin, Harold L.
name: Goodwin, Harold L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: broilers
subject: concentration
subject: poultry pricing
subject: poultry production
subject: vertical integration

description: The poultry industry is the most vertically integrated of U.S. agriculture and food production and is rapidly progressing toward being one of the most concentrated. In 2002, the top 15 broiler states accounted for 94.4% of U.S. production. From 1982-2002, the top four broiler firms had a fivefold increase in Ready-to-Cook (R-T-C) pounds, a tripling of plants and four-and eight-firm concentration ratio increases of 27.9% to 48.2% and 44.1% to 66.6%. In a broad sense, chicken became more affordable, appealing, and available; total R-T-C pounds increased from 234 to 663 million pounds between 1982 and 2002.
Relating the thermal properties of a micro pulsating heat pipe to the internal flow characteristics via experiments, image recognition of flow patterns and heat transfer simulations
Creators: name: Kamijima, Chihiro
name: Yoshimoto, Yuta
name: Abe, Yutaro
name: Takagi, Shu
name: Kinefuchi, Ikuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 80A20, 76T10

description: We investigate the relationship between the thermal properties of a micro pulsating heat pipe (MPHP) and the internal flow characteristics. The MPHP consists of an eleven-turn closed-loop of a meandering square microchannel with a hydraulic diameter of $350\ {}μ{\rm m}$ engraved on a silicon substrate. The MPHP charged with Fluorinert FC-72 tends to exhibit higher effective thermal conductivities for the coolant temperature of $T_{\rm c} = 40\ {}^\circ\mathrm{C}$ compared to $T_{\rm c} = 20\ {}^\circ\mathrm{C}$, and provides the highest effective thermal conductivity of about $700\ {}{\rm W/(m{\cdot}K)}$ for $T_{\rm c} = 40\ {}^\circ\mathrm{C}$ and a filling ratio of 48%. Interestingly, we observe two different self-oscillation modes having different thermal conductivities, even for identical heat input rates. This tendency indicates a hysteresis of the effective thermal conductivity, which originates from the difference in the heat input rates at which the MPHP falls into and recovers from dryout. Subsequently, semantic segmentation-based image recognition is applied to the recorded flow images to identify the flow characteristics, successfully extracting four different flow patterns involving liquid slugs, liquid films, dry walls, and rapid-boiling regions. The image recognition results indicate that high effective thermal conductivities of the MPHP relate to stable self-oscillations with large amplitudes and high frequencies, along with long and thin liquid films beneficial for latent heat transfer. Finally, we perform numerical simulations of latent/sensible heat transfer via vapor plugs and of sensible heat transfer via liquid slugs using the extracted flow patterns as inputs. We find that latent heat transfer via liquid films accounts for a considerable portion of the overall heat transfer, while the sensible heat transfer via liquid slugs is much less significant.
description: 46 pages, 16 figures
Additional file 2 of Predictive ability of the American Society of Anaesthesiologists physical status classification system on health-related quality of life of patients after total hip replacement: comparisons across eight EQ-5D-3L value sets
Creators: name: Teni, Fitsum Sebsibe
name: Burström, Kristina
name: Berg, Jenny
name: Leidl, Reiner
name: Rolfson, Ola
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Prevalence of reported problems in the EQ-5D dimensions by ASA class pre- and 1 year postoperatively (n = 69,290). Table S2. Mean and median EQ-5D indices based on the different value sets among THR patients by ASA class pre- and 1 year postoperatively (n = 69,290). Table S3. Post hoc Bonferroni adjusted p-values of pairwise tests of the one-way ANOVA test for abilities of value sets to differentiate among ASA classes pre- and 1 year postoperatively (n = 69,290). Table S4. Kruskal Wallis rank sum Test to assess abilities of value sets to differentiate HRQoL by ASA class (n = 69,290). Table S5. Adjusted OLS models on the predictive effects of ASA class on HRQoL score based on the value sets preoperatively (n = 69,290). Table S6. Prevalence of reported problems in the EQ-5D dimensions by ASA class, 6 years postoperatively (n = 21,305). Table S7. Mean EQ-5D indices based on the different value sets 6 years postoperatively (n = 21,305). Table S8. One-way ANOVA test of abilities of value sets to differentiate among ASA classes 6 years postoperatively (n = 21,305). Table S9. OLS models of predictive effect of ASA class on HRQoL score by value set 6 years postoperatively (n = 21,305). Table S10. Adjusted OLS models ASA class on HRQoL score by value sets 6 years postoperatively (n = 21,305). Table S11 Post hoc Bonferroni adjusted p-values of pairwise tests of the one-way ANOVA test for abilities of value sets to differentiate among ASA classes 6 years postoperatively (n = 21,305). Table S12. Kruskal Wallis rank sum Test to assess abilities of value sets to differentiate HRQoL by ASA class, 6 years postoperatively (n = 21,305)
Additional file 1 of Essential tremor: what is beyond the oscillatory monosymptomatic illness?
Creators: name: Elhassanien, Mahmoud Ebrahim Mostafa
name: Rashed, Khaled Hussein
name: Bahnasy, Wafik Said
name: El-Heneedy, Yasser Abo Elfotoh
name: Ehab Ahmed Shawky El-Seidy
name: Tomoum, Mohamed Osama
name: Ramadan, Kareem Mohammed
name: Kotait, Mona Ahmed
name: Reham Abdel Rahman Amer
name: ELAhwal, Shereen Ahmed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Mismatch negativity
Entropy-Controlled Cross-Linking in Linker-Mediated Vitrimers
Creators: name: Lei, Qun-Li
name: Xia, Xiuyang
name: Yang, Juan
name: Ciamarra, Massimo Pica
name: Ni, Ran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently developed linker-mediated vitrimers based on metathesis of dioxaborolanes with various commercially available polymers have shown both good processability and outstanding performance, such as mechanical, thermal, and chemical resistance, suggesting new ways of processing cross-linked polymers in industry, of which the design principle remains unknown [M. Rottger, et al., Science 356, 62 (2017)]. Here we formulate a theoretical framework to elucidate the phase behaviour of the linker-mediated vitrimers, in which entropy plays a governing role. We find that with increasing the linker concentration, vitrimers undergo a reentrant gel-sol transition, which explains a recent experiment [S. Wu, H. Yang, S. Huang, Q. Chen, Macromolecules 53, 1180 (2020)]. More intriguingly, at the low temperature limit, the linker concentration still determines the cross-linking degree of the vitrimers, which originates from the competition between the conformational entropy of polymers and the translational entropy of linkers. Our theoretical predictions agree quantitatively with computer simulations, and offer guidelines in understanding and controlling the properties of this newly developed vitrimer system.
description: Published in PNAS
Quantum dynamics of a nanomagnet in a rotating field
Creators: name: Calero, C.
name: Chudnovsky, E. M.
name: Garanin, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum dynamics of a two-state spin system in a rotating magnetic field has been studied. Analytical and numerical results for the transition probability have been obtained along the lines of the Landau-Zener-Stueckelberg theory. The effect of various kinds of noise on the evolution of the system has been analyzed.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Observability of Dark Matter Substructure with Pulsar Timing Correlations
Creators: name: Ramani, Harikrishnan
name: Trickle, Tanner
name: Zurek, Kathryn M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter substructure on small scales is currently weakly constrained, and its study may shed light on the nature of the dark matter. In this work we study the gravitational effects of dark matter substructure on measured pulsar phases in pulsar timing arrays (PTAs). Due to the stability of pulse phases observed over several years, dark matter substructure around the Earth-pulsar system can imprint discernible signatures in gravitational Doppler and Shapiro delays. We compute pulsar phase correlations induced by general dark matter substructure, and project constraints for a few models such as monochromatic primordial black holes (PBHs), and Cold Dark Matter (CDM)-like NFW subhalos. This work extends our previous analysis, which focused on static or single transiting events, to a stochastic analysis of multiple transiting events. We find that stochastic correlations, in a PTA similar to the Square Kilometer Array (SKA), are uniquely powerful to constrain subhalos as light as $\sim 10^{-13}~M_\odot$, with concentrations as low as that predicted by standard CDM.
description: 45 pages, 12 figures
Performance of two transferred modules in the Lagunera Region: Water relations
Creators: name: Levine, G.
name: Galvan, A. Cruz
name: Garcia, D.
name: Garces-Restrepo, Carlos
name: Johnson, Sam H.
name: Levine, G.
name: Galvan, A. Cruz
name: Garcia, D.
name: Garces-Restrepo, Carlos
name: Johnson, Sam H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Water policy
subject: Performance
subject: Privatization
subject: Irrigation systems
subject: Operations
subject: Maintenance
subject: Irrigation efficiency
subject: Water users' associations
subject: Water rights
subject: Water allocation
subject: Water supply
subject: Water distribution

description: Evaluates the degree of success of water users in managing water allocations and deliveries in two irrigation district modules in the Lagunera Region of Mexico. Policies and practices are evaluated from the standpoints of the nature of planning rules, consistency, equity, and efficiency in implementation of the plans.
Magneto-optics in pure and defective Ga_{1-x}Mn_xAs from first-principles
Creators: name: Picozzi, S.
name: Continenza, A.
name: Kim, M.
name: Freeman, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magneto-optical properties of Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_{x}$As including their most common defects were investigated with precise first--principles density-functional FLAPW calculations in order to: {\em i}) elucidate the origin of the features in the Kerr spectra in terms of the underlying electronic structure; {\em ii}) perform an accurate comparison with experiments; and {\em iii}) understand the role of the Mn concentration and occupied sites in shaping the spectra. In the substitutional case, our results show that most of the features have an interband origin and are only slightly affected by Drude--like contributions, even at low photon energies. While not strongly affected by the Mn concentration for the intermediately diluted range ($x\sim$ 10%), the Kerr factor shows a marked minimum (up to 1.5$^o$) occurring at a photon energy of $\sim$ 0.5 eV. For interstitial Mn, the calculated results bear a striking resemblance to the experimental spectra, pointing to the comparison between simulated and experimental Kerr angles as a valid tool to distinguish different defects in the diluted magnetic semiconductors framework.
description: 10 pages including 2 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Additional file 1 of Predictive ability of the American Society of Anaesthesiologists physical status classification system on health-related quality of life of patients after total hip replacement: comparisons across eight EQ-5D-3L value sets
Creators: name: Teni, Fitsum Sebsibe
name: Burström, Kristina
name: Berg, Jenny
name: Leidl, Reiner
name: Rolfson, Ola
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Sampling procedure. Figure S2. Patient-reported EQ VAS score by ASA class pre- and 1 year postoperatively (n = 69,290). Figure S3. Patient-reported EQ VAS score pre- and 1 year postoperatively (n = 69,290). Figure S4. Patient-reported EQ VAS score by Charnley category pre- and 1 year postoperatively (n = 69,290). Figure S5. Patient-reported EQ VAS score by hip pain, pre- and 1 year postoperatively (n = 69,290). Figure S6. Distributions of EQ-5D indices based on the value sets preoperatively (n = 69,290). Figure S7. Distributions of EQ-5D indices based on the value sets 1 year postoperatively (n = 69,290). Figure S8. Patient-reported EQ VAS score 6 years postoperatively (n = 21,305). Figure S9. Patient-reported EQ VAS score by ASA class 6 years postoperatively (n = 21,305). Figure S10. Patient-reported EQ VAS score by hip pain level 6 years postoperatively (n = 21,305). Figure S11. Patient-reported EQ VAS score by Charnley class, 6 years postoperatively (n = 21,305). Figure S12. Distributions of EQ-5D indices based on the value sets 6 years postoperatively (n = 21,305). Figure S13. Mean EQ-5D indices and patient-reported EQ VAS score by ASA class, 6 years postoperatively (n = 21,305)
Fermi liquid theory for the nonequilibrium Kondo effect at low bias voltages
Creators: name: Oguri, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this report, we describe a recent development in a Fermi liquid theory for the Kondo effect in quantum dots under a finite bias voltage $V$. Applying the microscopic theory of Yamada and Yosida to a nonequilibrium steady state, we derive the Ward identities for the Keldysh Green's function, and determine the low-energy behavior of the differential conductance $dI/dV$ exactly up to terms of order $(eV)^2$ for the symmetric Anderson model. These results are deduced from the fact that the Green's function at the impurity site is a functional of a nonequilibrium distribution $f_{\text{eff}}(ω)$, which at $eV=0$ coincides with the Fermi function. Furthermore, we provide an alternative description of the low-energy properties using a renormalized perturbation theory (RPT). In the nonequilibrium state the unperturbed part of the RPT is determined by the renormalized free quasiparticles, the distribution function of which is given by $f_{\text{eff}}(ω)$. The residual interaction between the quasiparticles $\widetilde{U}$, which is defined by the full vertex part at zero frequencies, is taken into account by an expansion in the power series of $\widetilde{U}$. We also discuss the application of the RPT to a high-bias region beyond the Fermi-liquid regime.
description: 8 pages, to appear in a special edition of JPSJ "Kondo Effect -- 40 Years after the Discovery", typos are corrected
Next-to-next-to-leading order calculations for heavy-to-light decays
Creators: name: Blokland, I.
name: Czarnecki, A.
name: Slusarczyk, M.
name: Tkachov, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present technical aspects of next-to-next-to-leading order calculations for heavy-to-light decays such as top quark decay, semileptonic b quark decay into a u quark, muon decay, and radiative decays like b -> s gamma. Algebraic reduction of integrals to a set of master integrals is described, methods of determining the master integrals are presented, and a complete list of master integrals is given. As a sample application, the top quark decay width is calculated to O(alpha_s^2) accuracy.
description: 12 pages, corrected typos in the appendix
Thoughts on Duality and Fundamental Constants
Creators: name: Nieto, J. A.
name: Ruiz, L.
name: Silvas, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider some fundamental constants from the point of view of the duality symmetry. Our analysis of duality is focused on three issues: the maximum radiated power of gravitational waves, the cosmological constant, and the magnetic monopole mass. We show that the maximum radiated power of gravitational waves implies that the Planck time is a minimal time. Furthermore, we prove that duality implies a quantization of the cosmological constant. Finally, by using one of the Euler series for the number $π$, we show that the Dirac electric-magnetic charge quantization implies a mass for the magnetic monopole (or neutrino) of the order of $10^{-5}$ the mass of the electron.
description: 14 pages, Latex, Published in Rev.Mex.Fis
Impacts of Colombia's current irrigation management transfer program
Creators: name: Vermillion, Douglas Lynn
name: Garces-Restrepo, Carlos
name: Vermillion, Douglas Lynn
name: Garces-Restrepo, Carlos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Privatization
subject: Irrigation management
subject: Irrigated farming
subject: Policy
subject: Costs
subject: Economic aspects
subject: Operations
subject: Maintenance
subject: Agricultural production

description: Assess the impacts of the current national irrigation management transfer program in Colombia. Examines the context of transfer, the basic transfer strategy, the impacts of transfer, and the powers and functions devolved in the transferred districts. The need to use the transfer process to create local management self-reliance is also stressed.
Two new classes of n-exangulated categories
Creators: name: Hu, Jiangsheng
name: Zhang, Dongdong
name: Zhou, Panyue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18E30, 18E10

description: Herschend-Liu-Nakaoka introduced the notion of $n$-exangulated categories. It is not only a higher dimensional analogue of extriangulated categories defined by Nakaoka-Palu, but also gives a simultaneous generalization of $n$-exact categories and $(n+2)$-angulated categories. Let $\mathcal C$ be an $n$-exangulated category and $\mathcal X$ a full subcategory of $\mathcal C$. If $\mathcal X$ satisfies $\mathcal X\subseteq\mathcal P\cap\mathcal I$, then we give a necessary and sufficient condition for the ideal quotient $\mathcal C/\mathcal X$ to be an $n$-exangulated category, where $\mathcal P$ (resp. $\mathcal I$) is the full subcategory of projective (resp. injective) objects in $\mathcal C$. In addition, we define the notion of $n$-proper class in $\mathcal C$. If $ξ$ is an $n$-proper class in $\mathcal C$, then we prove that $\mathcal C$ admits a new $n$-exangulated structure. These two ways give $n$-exangulated categories which are neither $n$-exact nor $(n+2)$-angulated in general.
description: We modified Theorem 3.1 and added some examples. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1909.13284
Investigations of parameter invariance in IRT models : theoretical and pratical avenues for understanding a fundamental property of measurement
Creators: name: Rupp, André Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The quest for invariance is the quest for scientific generalizability and parameter invariance is thus a fundamental property of measurement that is of interest to both theoreticians and practitioners. To investigate invariance properly, a precise mathematical definition is required, which contrasts sharply with a more conceptual and philosophical usage of this term and it is not uncommon to find that researchers think of the invariance of parameters in a measurement model as a guaranteed property of such models. This dissertation deconstructs this myth through a series of four studies that are connected by a consistent logic of inquiry for understanding what does and does not constitute parameter invariance and how a lack of parameter invariance can be assessed, quantified, and accounted for. The first study shows how the use of correlation coefficients can be insufficient to show that parameter invariance holds as such coefficients miss group-level differences in the data. The second and third studies show how biases due to a lack of invariance can be analytically derived and numerically quantified and they reveal that their practical impact is minor for many conditions. Furthermore, the work shows how the formalization of invariance provides a unique frame for discussions of model optimality, because it is shown that no single unidimensional item response theory model possesses superior optimality properties under all conditions that are considered. The fourth study illustrates how attitudinal and background variables can be used to create examinee profiles, which can be used to group examinees when investigating differential functioning of item sets for these groups using novel tools from functional data analysis. Specifically, using data from the TEVISS 1999 large-scale assessment, the study shows how observed differential performance can be accounted for using these profiles. The work in this dissertation thus combines multiple theoretical and practical perspectives to better understand this fundamental property of measurement.
A quark model framework for the study of nuclear medium effects
Creators: name: Zhao, Q.
name: Al-Khalili, J. S.
name: Johnson, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quark-model framework for studying nuclear medium effects on nucleon resonances is described and applied here to pion photoproduction on the deuteron, which is the simplest composite nucleon system and serves as a first test case. Pion photoproduction on nuclei is discussed within a chiral constituent quark model in which the quark degrees of freedom are explicitly introduced through an effective chiral Lagrangian for the quark-pseudoscalar-meson coupling. The advantage of this model is that a complete set of nucleon resonances can be systematically included with a limited number of parameters. Also, the systematic description of the nucleon and its resonances at quark level allows us to self-consistently relate the nuclear medium's influence on the baryon properties to the intrinsic dynamic aspects of the baryons. As the simplest composite nucleus, the deuteron represents the first application of this effective theory for meson photoproduction on light nuclei. The influence of the medium on the transition operators for a free nucleon is investigated in the Delta resonance region. No evidence is found for a change of the Delta properties in the pion photoproduction reaction on the deuteron since the nuclear medium here involves just one other nucleon and the low binding energy implies low nuclear density. However, we show that the reaction mechanism is in principle sensitive to changes of Delta properties that would be produced by the denser nuclear medium of heavier nuclei through the modification of the quark model parameters.
description: Revtex, 8 pages, 4 figures
Extracting Headless MWEs from Dependency Parse Trees: Parsing, Tagging, and Joint Modeling Approaches
Creators: name: Shi, Tianze
name: Lee, Lillian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: An interesting and frequent type of multi-word expression (MWE) is the headless MWE, for which there are no true internal syntactic dominance relations; examples include many named entities ("Wells Fargo") and dates ("July 5, 2020") as well as certain productive constructions ("blow for blow", "day after day"). Despite their special status and prevalence, current dependency-annotation schemes require treating such flat structures as if they had internal syntactic heads, and most current parsers handle them in the same fashion as headed constructions. Meanwhile, outside the context of parsing, taggers are typically used for identifying MWEs, but taggers might benefit from structural information. We empirically compare these two common strategies--parsing and tagging--for predicting flat MWEs. Additionally, we propose an efficient joint decoding algorithm that combines scores from both strategies. Experimental results on the MWE-Aware English Dependency Corpus and on six non-English dependency treebanks with frequent flat structures show that: (1) tagging is more accurate than parsing for identifying flat-structure MWEs, (2) our joint decoder reconciles the two different views and, for non-BERT features, leads to higher accuracies, and (3) most of the gains result from feature sharing between the parsers and taggers.
description: Proceedings of ACL, 2020