cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bar effect on gas-phase abundance gradients. I. Data sample and chemical abundances
Creators: name: Zurita, A.
name: Florido, E.
name: Bresolin, F.
name: Pérez-Montero, E.
name: Pérez, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies of gas-phase radial metallicity profiles in spirals published in the last decade have diminished the importance of galactic bars as agents that mix and flatten the profiles, contradicting results obtained in the 1990s. We have collected a large sample of 2831 published HII region emission-line fluxes in 51 nearby galaxies, including objects both with and without the presence of a bar, with the aim of revisiting the issue of whether bars affect the radial metal distribution in spirals. In this first paper of a series of two, we present the galaxy and the HII region samples. The methodology is homogeneous for the whole data sample and includes the derivation of HII region chemical abundances, structural parameters of bars and discs, galactocentric distances, and radial abundance profiles. We have obtained O/H and N/O abundance ratios from the Te-based (direct) method for a sub-sample of 610 regions, and from a variety of strong-line methods for the whole HII region sample. The strong-line methods have been evaluated in relation to the Te-based one from both a comparison of the derived O/H and N/O abundances for individual HII regions, and a comparison of the abundance gradients derived from both methodologies. The median value and the standard deviation of the gradient distributions depend on the abundance method, and those based on the O3N2 indicator tend to flatten the steepest profiles, reducing the range of observed gradients. A detailed analysis and discussion of the derived O/H and N/O radial abundance gradients and y-intercepts for barred and unbarred galaxies is presented in the companion Paper II. The whole HII region catalogue including emission-line fluxes, positions and derived abundances is made publicly available on the CDS VizieR facility, together with the radial abundance gradients for all galaxies.
description: 21 pages and 5 figures (appendix 56 pages and 52 figures). Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Structure and morphology of the convective boundary layer in mountainous terrain
Creators: name: De Wekker, Stephanus Franz Joseph
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Mountainous terrain can significantly modify convective boundary layer (CBL) structure and morphology compared to the situation over flat terrain and consequently can affect the transport and mixing of air pollutants. It is uncertain i f and how concepts of the CBL that have been developed in flat terrain are applicable in mountainous terrain. This dissertation attempts to address this issue by investigating the morphology and structure of the CBL in a deep, narrow mountain valley, near a mountain base, and over a mountain range. An integrative approach was taken by making use of three data sets, a numerical modeling system, and a Lagrangian particle dispersion model. The data set obtained in a deep, narrow valley was used to evaluate the performance of a mesoscale modeling system in complex terrain. CBL structure was captured surprisingly well given that surface layer and turbulence parameterization schemes are strictly valid only for flat and homogeneous terrain. In the deep, narrow valley, a distinction could be made between a 'conventional CBL' with characteristics similar to those over flat terrain and a 'valley CBL' which extends beyond the height of the conventional CBL and is not well-mixed in its upper part. Upvalley flows prevailed throughout the valley CBL but the horizontal wind structure was inhomogeneous, with larger wind speeds on the eastern than on the western side of the valley. Aerosols were found up to the height of the valley CBL. Near a mountain base, enhanced heating aloft was related to a reduced boundarylayer growth, resulting in a depression of the CBL height. Vertical and horizontal advection of warm air associated with the thermally driven circulation along the mountain slope play a role in the enhanced heating aloft. Over a mountain range, it was found that aerosol layer heights exceed CBL heights without the formation of separate elevated aerosol layers as found in previous studies. Particles are carried above the CBL up to the 'mountain CBL' height by venting mechanisms associated with the presence of thermally driven mesoscale flows. The 'valley CBL' and 'mountain CBL' heights are more important parameters for air-pollution studies than the conventional CBL height since they indicate the height up to which air pollutants can be transported and/or mixed.
Biaxial spin-nematic phase of two dimensional disordered rotor models and spin-one bosons in optical lattices
Creators: name: Bernier, Jean-Sebastien
name: Sengupta, K.
name: Kim, Yong Baek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the ground state of disordered rotor models with quadrupolar interactions can exhibit biaxial nematic ordering in the disorder-averaged sense. We present a mean-field analysis of the model and demonstrate that the biaxial phase is stable against small quantum fluctuations. We point out the possibility of experimental realization of such rotor models using ultracold spin-one Bose atoms in a spin-dependent and disordered optical lattice in the limit of a large number of atoms per site and also suggest an imaging experiment to detect the biaxial nematicity in such systems.
description: revtex file 7 pages, 2 figures, version published in PRB
Comparison of methods for estimating continuous distributions of relaxation times
Creators: name: Tuncer, Enis
name: Macdonald, J. Ross
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonparametric estimation of the distribution of relaxation times approach is not as frequently used in the analysis of dispersed response of dielectric or conductive materials as are other immittance data analysis methods based on parametric curve fitting techniques. Nevertheless, such distributions can yield important information about the physical processes present in measured material. In this letter, we apply two quite different numerical inversion methods to estimate the distribution of relaxation times for glassy \lila\ dielectric frequency-response data at $225 \kelvin$. Both methods yield unique distributions that agree very closely with the actual exact one accurately calculated from the corrected bulk-dispersion Kohlrausch model established independently by means of parametric data fit using the corrected modulus formalism method. The obtained distributions are also greatly superior to those estimated using approximate functions equations given in the literature.
description: 4 pages and 4 figures
Direct method for the quantitative analysis of surface contamination on ultra-low background materials from exposure to dust
Creators: name: di Vacri, M. L.
name: Arnquist, I. J.
name: Scorza, S.
name: Hoppe, E. W.
name: Hall, Jeter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a method for the direct determination of contaminant fallout rates on material surfaces from exposure to dust. Naturally occurring radionuclides K-40, Th-232, U-238 and stable Pb were investigated. Until now, background contributions from dust particulate have largely been estimated from fallout models and assumed dust composition. Our method utilizes a variety of low background collection media for exposure in locations of interest, followed by surface leaching and leachate analysis using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The method was validated and applied in selected locations at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and the SNOLAB underground facility.
String Pair Creations in D-brane Systems
Creators: name: Cho, Jin-Ho
name: Oh, Phillial
name: Park, Cheonsoo
name: Shin, Jonghyeon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the criterion, on the Born-Infeld background fields, for the open string pair creation to occur in D$p$-(anti-)D$p$-brane systems. Although the pair creation occurs generically in both D$p$-D$p$ and D$p$-anti-D$p$ systems for the cases which meet the criterion, it is more drastic in D$p$-anti-D$p$-brane systems by some exponential factor depending on the background fields. Various configurations exhibiting pair creations are obtained via duality transformations. These include the spacelike scissors and two D-strings (slanted at different angles) passing through each other. We raise the scissors paradox and suggest a resolution based on the triple junction in IIB setup.
description: V2. 1+28 pages, 5 figures in JHEP3, minor changes, added references
EVALUATING USE OF OUTLOOK INFORMATION IN GRAIN SORGHUM STORAGE DECISIONS
Creators: name: Rister, M. Edward
name: Skees, Jerry R.
name: Black, J. Roy
name: Rister, M. Edward
name: Skees, Jerry R.
name: Black, J. Roy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This study examines grain sorghum storage decisions in the Texas Coastal Bend region. Decisions involving use and non-use of outlook information are compared using stochastic dominance criteria. Results indicate outlook information is of value to most classes of decision-makers. The value of outlook information, however, is contingent upon producers' risk preferences. The methodology presented could be used to evaluate a more extensive set of marketing strategies for grain sorghum as well as for other crops.
Vector Meson Mass Corrections at O(a^2) in PQChPT with Wilson and Ginsparg-Wilson quarks
Creators: name: Grigoryan, Hovhannes R.
name: Thomas, Anthony W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the mixed as well as unmixed lattice heavy meson chiral Lagrangian up to order O(a^2), with Wilson and Ginsparg-Wilson fermions. We consider two flavor partially quenched QCD and calculate vector meson mass corrections up to order O(a^2), including the corrections associated with the violation of rotational O(4) symmetry down to the hypercubic group. Our calculations also include the one-loop, phenomenological contribution from the ρ-> ππdecay channel. The final result is a chiral-continuum extrapolation formula with model dependent coefficients from which one can recover the physical ρmeson mass from the large amount of current lattice data. As a verification of our result, the chiral-continuum extrapolation formula is compared with that used in numerical simulations.
description: 11 pages, REVTeX, minor revision in text
Phonon Scattering Mechanism in Thermoelectric Materials Revised via Resonant X-ray Dynamical Diffraction
Creators: name: Valério, Adriana
name: Penacchio, Rafaela F. S.
name: Estradiote, Maurício B.
name: Cantarino, Marli R.
name: Garcia, Fernando A.
name: Morelhão, Sérgio L.
name: Rafter, Niamh
name: Kycia, Stefan W.
name: Calligaris, Guilherme A.
name: Remédios, Cláudio M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Engineering of thermoelectric materials requires an understanding of thermal conduction by lattice and electronic degrees of freedom. Filled skutterudites denote a large family of materials suitable for thermoelectric applications where reduced lattice thermal conduction attributed to localized low-frequency vibrations (rattling) of filler cations inside large cages of the structure. In this work, a multi-wavelength method of exploiting X-ray dynamical diffraction in single crystals of CeFe$_4$P$_{12}$ is presented and applied to resolve the atomic amplitudes of vibrations. The results suggest that the vibrational dynamics of the whole filler-cage system is the actual active mechanism behind the optimization of thermoelectric properties.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Dry microfoams: Formation and flow in a confined channel
Creators: name: Raven, Jan-Paul
name: Marmottant, Philippe
name: Graner, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental investigation of the agglomeration of microbubbles into a 2D microfoam and its flow in a rectangular microchannel. Using a flow-focusing method, we produce the foam in situ on a microfluidic chip for a large range of liquid fractions, down to a few percent in liquid. We can monitor the transition from separated bubbles to the desired microfoam, in which bubbles are closely packed and separated by thin films. We find that bubble formation frequency is limited by the liquid flow rate, whatever the gas pressure. The formation frequency creates a modulation of the foam flow, rapidly damped along the channel. The average foam flow rate depends non-linearly on the applied gas pressure, displaying a threshold pressure due to capillarity. Strong discontinuities in the flow rate appear when the number of bubbles in the channel width changes, reflecting the discrete nature of the foam topology. We also produce an ultra flat foam, reducing the channel height from 250 $μ$m to 8 $μ$m, resulting in a height to diameter ration of 0.02; we notice a marked change in bubble shape during the flow.
description: 7 pages; 7 figures; 1 tex file+ 22 eps-files
Monotherapy With Rapamycin in Long-standing Type 1 Diabetes (MONORAPA)
Creators: name: Piemonti, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Protocol of clinical trial Monotherapy With Rapamycin in Long-standing Type 1 Diabetes (MONORAPA)
Exploring AdS Waves Via Nonminimal Coupling
Creators: name: Ayón-Beato, Eloy
name: Hassaïne, Mokhtar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider nonminimally coupled scalar fields to explore the Siklos spacetimes in three dimensions. Their interpretation as exact gravitational waves propagating on AdS restrict the source to behave as a pure radiation field. We show that the related pure radiation constraints single out a unique self-interaction potential depending on one coupling constant. For a vanishing coupling constant, this potential reduces to a mass term with a mass fixed in terms of the nonminimal coupling parameter. This mass dependence allows the existence of several free cases including massless and tachyonic sources. There even exists a particular value of the nonminimal coupling parameter for which the corresponding mass exactly compensates the contribution generated by the negative scalar curvature, producing a genuinely massless field in this curved background. The self-interacting case is studied in detail for the conformal coupling. The resulting gravitational wave is formed by the superposition of the free and the self-interaction contributions, except for a critical value of the coupling constant where a non-perturbative effect relating the strong and weak regimes of the source appears. We establish a correspondence between the scalar source supporting an AdS wave and a pp wave by showing that their respective pure radiation constraints are conformally related, while their involved backgrounds are not. Finally, we consider the AdS waves for topologically massive gravity and its limit to conformal gravity.
description: 26 pages, 1 figure. Minor changes
Bar effect on gas-phase abundance gradients. II. Luminosity-dependent flattening
Creators: name: Zurita, A.
name: Florido, E.
name: Bresolin, F.
name: Pérez, I.
name: Pérez-Montero, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here the second part of a project that aims at solving the controversy on the issue of the bar effect on the radial distribution of metals in the gas-phase of spiral galaxies. In Paper I we presented a compilation of more than 2800 HII regions belonging to 51 nearby galaxies for which we derived chemical abundances and radial abundance profiles from a homogeneous methodology. In this paper we analyse the derived gas-phase radial abundance profiles of 12+log(O/H) and log(N/O), for barred and unbarred galaxies separately, and find that the differences in slope between barred and unbarred galaxies depend on galaxy luminosity. This is due to a different dependence of the abundance gradients (in dex/kpc) on luminosity for the two types of galaxies: In the galaxy sample that we consider the gradients appear to be considerably shallower for strongly barred galaxies in the whole luminosity range, while profile slopes for unbarred galaxies become steeper with decreasing luminosity. Therefore, we only detect differences in slope for the lower luminosity (lower mass) galaxies (M_B >~ -19.5 or M_*
description: 21 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Polarized Helium to Image the Lung
Creators: name: Leduc, Michèle
name: Nacher, Pierre-Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main findings of the european PHIL project (Polarised Helium to Image the Lung) are reported. State of the art optical pumping techniques for polarising ^3He gas are described. MRI methodological improvements allow dynamical ventilation images with a good resolution, ultimately limited by gas diffusion. Diffusion imaging appears as a robust method of lung diagnosis. A discussion of the potential advantage of low field MRI is presented. Selected PHIL results for emphysema are given, with the perspectives that this joint work opens up for the future of respiratory medicine.
description: To be published in Proc. ICAP 2004 (19th Int. Conf. on Atomic Physics, Rio, July 26-30 2004)
AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF THE INTERTEMPORAL STABILITY OF RISK PREFERENCE
Creators: name: Love, Ross O.
name: Robison, Lindon J.
name: Love, Ross O.
name: Robison, Lindon J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: The interval measurement approach was used to obtain risk preference measures for 23 Michigan farmers in 1979 and again in 1981. This paper analyzes how risk preferences of the individuals in this group of decision-makers changed over a two year time period. Risk preferences were most stable near typically experienced personal income levels.
A new population of very high energy gamma-ray sources in the Milky Way
Creators: name: Aharonian, F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Very high energy gamma-rays probe the long-standing mystery of the origin of cosmic rays. Produced in the interactions of accelerated particles in astrophysical objects, they can be used to image cosmic particle accelerators. A first sensitive survey of the inner part of the Milky Way with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) reveals a population of eight previously unknown firmly detected sources of very high energy gamma-rays. At least two have no known radio or X-ray counterpart and may be representative of a new class of `dark' nucleonic cosmic ray sources.
Strongly confined atomic localization by Rydberg coherent population trapping
Creators: name: Kirova, Teodora
name: Jia, Ning
name: Asadpour, Seyyed Hossein
name: Qian, Jing
name: Juzeliunas, Gediminas
name: Hamedi, Hamid Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we investigate the possibility to attain strongly confined atomic localization using interacting Rydberg atoms in a Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) ladder configuration, where a standing-wave (SW) is used as a coupling field in the second leg of the ladder. Depending on the degree of compensation of the Rydberg level energy shift induced by the van der Waals (vdW) interaction, by the coupling field detuning, we distinguish between two antiblockade regimes, i.e. a partial antiblockade (PA) and a full antiblockade (FA). While a periodic pattern of tightly localized regions can be achieved for both regimes, the PA allows much faster converge of spatial confinement yielding a high resolution Rydberg state-selective superlocalization regime for higher-lying Rydberg levels. In comparison, for lower-lying Rydberg levels the PA leads to an anomalous change of spectra linewidth, confirming the importance of using a stable uppermost state to achieve a superlocalization regime.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Extending the Search for Counterrotating Gas and Stars in Galaxies: A Study of Late-Type Dwarfs
Creators: name: Guie, J. M.
name: Kannappan, S. J.
name: Balog, Z.
name: Berlind, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous study on gas-stellar counterrotation for a large sample of E/S0 and spiral galaxies (Kannappan & Fabricant 2001), two dwarf irregular galaxies were included, of which one was tentatively identified as a counterrotator. Here we extend the search for counterrotation to include 10 more irregular/spiral dwarf galaxies. We find that all systems with well defined gas and stellar rotation show kinematics consistent with co-rotation. However, we see evidence of decoupled gas and stellar kinematics in >~ 50% of the sample, possibly reflecting minor interactions too small to create large-scale gas-stellar counterrotation.
description: 2 pages including 2 figures; to appear in The Ninth Texas Mexico Conference on Astrophysics, RevMexAA, Serie de Conferencias, ed. Silvia Torres-Peimbert and G. MacAlpine
A Redefinition of the Halo Boundary Leads to a Simple yet Accurate Halo Model of Large Scale Structure
Creators: name: Garcia, Rafael
name: Rozo, Eduardo
name: Becker, Matthew R.
name: More, Surhud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model for the halo--mass correlation function that explicitly incorporates halo exclusion. We assume that halos trace mass in a way that can be described using a single scale-independent bias parameter. However, our model exhibits scale dependent biasing due to the impact of halo-exclusion, the use of a ``soft'' (i.e. not infinitely sharp) halo boundary, and differences in the one halo term contributions to $ξ_{\rm hm}$ and $ξ_{\rm mm}$. These features naturally lead us to a redefinition of the halo boundary that lies at the ``by eye'' transition radius from the one--halo to the two--halo term in the halo--mass correlation function. When adopting our proposed definition, our model succeeds in describing the halo--mass correlation function with $\approx 2\%$ residuals over the radial range $0.1\ h^{-1}{\rm Mpc} < r < 80\ h^{-1}{\rm Mpc}$, and for halo masses in the range $10^{13}\ h^{-1}{\rm M}_{\odot} < M < 10^{15}\ h^{-1}{\rm M}_{\odot}$. Our proposed halo boundary is related to the splashback radius by a roughly constant multiplicative factor. Taking the 87-percentile as reference we find $r_{\rm t}/R_{\rm sp} \approx 1.3$. Surprisingly, our proposed definition results in halo abundances that are well described by the Press-Schechter mass function with $δ_{\rm sc}=1.449\pm 0.004$. The clustering bias parameter is offset from the standard background-split prediction by $\approx 10\%-15\%$. This level of agreement is comparable to that achieved with more standard halo definitions.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
A survey of tensor products and related constructions in two lectures
Creators: name: Grätzer, George
name: Wehrung, Friedrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 06B05, Secondary: 06A12

description: We survey tensor products of lattices with zero and related constructions focused on two topics: amenable lattices and box products.
Das Vokalsystem des Syrischen nach Barhebraeus
Creators: name: Voigt, Rainer Maria
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 81 (1997): Oriens christianus, Band 81
How eruptions of a small filament feed materials to a nearby larger-scaled filament
Creators: name: Wei, Hengyuan
name: Huang, Zhenghua
name: Hou, Zhenyong
name: Qi, Youqian
name: Fu, Hui
name: Li, Bo
name: Xia, Lidong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As one of the most common features in the solar atmosphere, filaments are significant not only in the solar physics but also in the stellar and laboratory plasma physics. With the New Vacuum Solar Telescope and the Solar Dynamics Observatory, here we report on multi-wavelength observations of eruptions of a small (30\arcsec) filament (SF) and its consequences while interacting with the ambient magnetic features including a large (300\arcsec) filament (LF). The eruptions of the SF drive a two-side-loop jet that is a result of magnetic reconnection between the SF threads and an over-lying magnetic channel. As a consequence of the eruption, the heating in the footpoints of the SF destabilises the barbs of the LF rooted nearby. Supersonic chromospheric plasma flows along the barbs of the LF are then observed in the \halpha\ passband and they apparently feed materials to the LF. We suggest they are shock-driven plasma flows or chromospheric evaporations, which both can be the consequences of the heating in the chromosphere by nonthermal particles generated in the magnetic reconnection associated with the two-side-loop jet. Our observations demonstrate that the destabilisation in the vicinity of the footpoints of a barb can drive chromospheric plasma feeding to the filament.
description: 4 figures, 6 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS:Letter
A new determination of the fine structure constant based on Bloch oscillations of ultracold atoms in a vertical optical lattic
Creators: name: Cladé, Pierre
name: De Mirandes, Estefania
name: Cadoret, Malo
name: Guellati-Khélifa, Saïda
name: Schwob, Catherine
name: Nez, François
name: Julien, Lucile
name: Biraben, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an accurate measurement of the recoil velocity of Rb atoms based on Bloch oscillations in a vertical accelerated optical lattice. We transfer about 900 recoil momenta with an efficiency of 99.97 % per recoil. A set of 72 measurements of the recoil velocity, each one with a relative uncertainty of about 33 ppb in 20 min integration time, leads to a determination of the fine structure constant alpha with a statistical relative uncertainty of 4.4 ppb. The detailed analysis of the different systematic errors yields to a relative uncertainty of 6.7 ppb. The deduced value of 1/alpha is 137.03599878(91).
Datta-Das transistor: Significance of channel direction, size-dependence of source contacts, and boundary effects
Creators: name: Liu, Ming-Hao
name: Chang, Ching-Ray
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the spin expectation values for injected spin-polarized electrons (spin vectors) in a [001]-grown Rashba-Dresselhaus two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG). We generalize the calculation for point spin injection in semi-infinite 2DEGs to finite-size spin injection in bounded 2DEGs. Using the obtained spin vector formula, significance of the channel direction for the Datta-Das transistor is illustrated. Numerical results indicate that the influence due to the finite-size injection is moderate, while the channel boundary reflection may bring unexpected changes. Both effects are concluded to decrease when the spin-orbit coupling strength is strong. Hence [110] is a robust channel direction and is therefore the best candidate for the design of the Datta-Das transistor.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review B
Comparison of German and Uzbek word formation methods (on the example of abbreviations)
Creators: name: Zayniddin Sanakulov
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200322 Comparative Language Studies
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: This article is devoted to "Methods of word formation", which describes the method „Abbreviation“ in German and Uzbek, its study and role in word formation. The study focused on the analysis of the different and common features of these languages.
Symmetries, graph properties, and quantum speedups
Creators: name: Ben-David, Shalev
name: Childs, Andrew M.
name: Gilyén, András
name: Kretschmer, William
name: Podder, Supartha
name: Wang, Daochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Aaronson and Ambainis (2009) and Chailloux (2018) showed that fully symmetric (partial) functions do not admit exponential quantum query speedups. This raises a natural question: how symmetric must a function be before it cannot exhibit a large quantum speedup? In this work, we prove that hypergraph symmetries in the adjacency matrix model allow at most a polynomial separation between randomized and quantum query complexities. We also show that, remarkably, permutation groups constructed out of these symmetries are essentially the only permutation groups that prevent super-polynomial quantum speedups. We prove this by fully characterizing the primitive permutation groups that allow super-polynomial quantum speedups. In contrast, in the adjacency list model for bounded-degree graphs (where graph symmetry is manifested differently), we exhibit a property testing problem that shows an exponential quantum speedup. These results resolve open questions posed by Ambainis, Childs, and Liu (2010) and Montanaro and de Wolf (2013).
description: 46 pages. Subsumes arXiv:2001.09642 and arXiv:2001.10520; adds a characterization of permutation groups with speedup and an exponential speedup for adjacency-list graph property testing
R&D, Innovation and Growth: Evidence from Four Manufacturing Sectors in OECD Countries
Creators: name: Ulku, Hulya
name: Ulku, Hulya
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: non-scale endogenous growth
subject: R&D
subject: patent
subject: innovation
subject: output growth
subject: system GMM

description: This paper provides an empirical analysis of the relationship between R&D intensity, rate of innovation and the growth rate of output in four manufacturing sectors from 17 OECD countries. The findings suggest that the knowledge stock is the main determinant of innovation in all four manufacturing sectors and that R&D intensity increases innovation in the chemicals and the electrical and electronics sector. In addition, the rate of innovation has a positive effect on the growth rate of output in all sectors except for the drugs and medical sector. These results lend strong support for the non-scale endogenous growth models. *I am grateful to Adam Jaffe for his invaluable suggestions and comments.
Multibody decay analyses -- a new phenomenological model for meson-meson subamplitudes
Creators: name: Magalhães, P. C.
name: Reis, A. C. dos
name: Robilotta, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Meson-meson amplitudes are important on their own and also play key roles in analyses of heavy-meson and tau decays. In this work we propose a new phenomenological model suited to all $SU(3)$ mesonic two-body final state interactions up to energies around 2 GeV. It is aimed at replacing those entering the old isobar model, produced in the 1960's, long before the development of QCD. The only similarity between our new proposal and amplitudes used in the isobar model concern vector resonances in the elastic regime. In other situations, especially those involving scalar resonances and coupled channels, the isobar model is not compatible with post-QCD dynamics. In order to support these claims convincingly and to motivate our approach, we consider applications to the $ππ$ amplitude and compare our version with the isobar model in several different instances. We also show that the new model provides a clear indication of the mechanism responsible for the sharp rise observed in the $ππ$ phase around $1\,$ GeV. The phenomenological amplitudes proposed here are suited to any number of resonances in a given channel and rely just on masses and coupling constants as free parameters. Concerning theory, they incorporate chiral symmetry at low energies, include coupled channels and respect unitarity whenever appropriate.
description: 20 figures
Assessing the Economic Impacts of Incorporating Romania's Agricultural and Food Sectors into EU's Customs Union: An Applied General Equilibrium Approach
Creators: name: Scrieciu, Silviu Serban
name: Scrieciu, Silviu Serban
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: EU enlargement
subject: Customs union
subject: Agriculture
subject: Romania
subject: AGE modelling

description: Join the European Union club implies, among many other policy changes, full integration of Romania's expected to have significant implications for domestic farmers and food processors. The paper constructs a single-country Applied General Equilibrium (AGE) model to investigate the impact of tariff border adjustments on changes in relative prices, production and trade patterns associated with fifteen local agro-food activities. Moreover, the modeling work identifies those agro-food sectors that have the potential to benefit the most from EU enlargement in terms of output effects given that Romanian producers are capable of fully responding to the incentives provided with integration. These mainly include (bovine) live animals and meat products, sugar and cereal grains. Agro-food trade with EU intensifies in particular for those commodities for which trade restrictions are still substantial prior to accession. However, the magnitude of changes is relatively small due to the weak integration of domestic agro-food sectors into international trade structures. The AGE model also predicts static welfare gains of 0.65 percent of GDP equivalent variation. These seem to be more associated with better access to EU markets and increased export prices, and less with the preferential unilateral elimination of tariffs or their adjustment to EU's external levels. The model assumptions are highly theoretical and the model structure does not reflect with fidelity the workings of an economy in transition. Nonetheless, it does represent a solid base upon which further improvements could be added and structural transitional issues could be attached to more accurately predicted potential outcomes.
Migration of Strontium-90 in surface water, groundwater and sediments of the Borschi Watershed, Chernobyl
Creators: name: Freed, Rina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Effective stream remediation of non-point source contaminants, such as Chernobyl fallout, requires an understanding of the areas within watersheds that are contributing contamination to streams, the pathways of contaminant migration to streams, and the mechanisms controlling concentration changes in streams. From 1998-2002, the migration of ⁹⁰Sr was studied in the Borschi watershed, a small (8.5 km2) catchment, three km south of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. Estimates of ⁹⁰Sr depletion from soil cores (based on the ratio of ⁹⁰Sr to the relatively immobil ¹⁵⁴Eu) were used to map the effective source area that has contributed ⁹⁰Sr loading into the main channel. The effective source areas include the channel bottom sediments, a wetland in the central region of the watershed, and periodically flooded soils surrounding the wetland. The estimated ⁹⁰Sr leaching rate considering the effective source areas agrees with the estimate based on monitoring observations of stream water quality and flow rate in 1999- 2001, 2.0% per year. In approximately 44 years, 90% of the remaining ⁹⁰Sr could be removed from the effective source areas. We hypothesize that during discharge periods, the pore waters in the wetland represent the ⁹⁰Sr concentration of advecting groundwater while during stagnant periods, the pore waters represent the concentration of ⁹⁰Sr in equilibrium with the sediment. This proposed explanation is supported using PHREEQC in a dual porosity mode. Using independent estimates of the model parameters, the pore water concentration profdes could be successfully matched with the assumption of advective transport during the discharge period and diffusive transport of ⁹⁰Sr during near-stagnant conditions. Changes in the ⁹⁰Sr concentration of the Borschi stream are correlated with the elevation of the water table in the vicinity of the wetlands. The elevation of the water table is a surrogate variable for the area of submerged soil. As the area of submerged soil increases, more of the contaminant in the upper soil horizon is saturated and more ⁹⁰Sr is released into the stream. In contrast to the prevailing assumption that the mechanism of ⁹⁰Sr migration to streams is overland flow during storm events, over 70% of the annual flux occurs during baseflow conditions.
Supplementary Figure 13
Creators: name: Piemonti, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary figure 13 of paper "Rapamycin plus DPP-4 inhibitor in improving beta cell function in long standing type 1 diabetes: a double blind prospective randomized trial"
Topology Induced Coarsening in Language Games
Creators: name: Baronchelli, A.
name: Dall'Asta, L.
name: Barrat, A.
name: Loreto, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate how very large populations are able to reach a global consensus, out of local "microscopic" interaction rules, in the framework of a recently introduced class of models of semiotic dynamics, the so-called Naming Game. We compare in particular the convergence mechanism for interacting agents embedded in a low-dimensional lattice with respect to the mean-field case. We highlight that in low-dimensions consensus is reached through a coarsening process which requires less cognitive effort of the agents, with respect to the mean-field case, but takes longer to complete. In 1-d the dynamics of the boundaries is mapped onto a truncated Markov process from which we analytically computed the diffusion coefficient. More generally we show that the convergence process requires a memory per agent scaling as N and lasts a time N^{1+2/d} in dimension d<5 (d=4 being the upper critical dimension), while in mean-field both memory and time scale as N^{3/2}, for a population of N agents. We present analytical and numerical evidences supporting this picture.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
General Equilibrium Modelling Applied to Romania (GEMAR): Focusing on the Agricultural and Food Sectors
Creators: name: Scrieciu, Silviu Serban
name: Blake, Adam
name: Scrieciu, Silviu Serban
name: Blake, Adam
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Political Economy

description: Applied general equilibrium modelling represents a powerful tool for assessing future likely economic changes due to upcoming or hypothesised policy shocks such as those brought about by EU enlargement. It entails the main advantage of considering the complex simultaneous linkages, interactions and feedback effects between various sectors, institutions and factor resources within an economy, as well as the inter- and intra-industry trade links with other economies across the globe. This technical paper develops a general equilibrium model applied to Romania (GEMAR) with an emphasis on the agricultural and food processing activities. A simple simulation example is then given for illustrative purposes. More extensive use of GEMAR will be made in other forthcoming papers where the model will be employed to identify those economic impacts stemming from incorporating Romania's agricultural and food sectors into EU/CAP structures. The model is static with constant returns to scale and perfect competition in production. Other studies have deployed modelling techniques to deal with EU accession issues. However, the literature assessing separately the economic effects of CAP enlargement for Romania is extremely sparse. In addition, as far as the authors are aware of, there are no studies that solely focused on the likely economic effects of CAP enlargement on Romanian agricultural and food processing sectors at a disaggregated level and within a single-country general equilibrium framework. Hence, the paper should not only fill in a gap in the modelling literature dealing with EU's next phase of eastward expansion but also tackle an issue of current interest for both researchers and policy-makers involved in agriculture and economic development.
Corporate Governance in Developing Economies: Perspective from the Banking Sector in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Reaz, Mazrur
name: Arun, Thankom G.
name: Reaz, Mazrur
name: Arun, Thankom G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Development
subject: Bangladesh
subject: banking

description: This paper highlights the corporate governance of financial institutions with particular reference to banking sector of Bangladesh. The importance of corporate governance of banks remains crucial given their contribution in economic growth through financial development. This paper has shed light on the structures of corporate governance of banks in Bangladesh involving their ownership structure, board issues, executive aspects, disclosure, and audit practices along with their associated weaknesses. The paper has also showed how political interference and failure by the regulators has contributed to the governance problems in the banks.
Supplementary Figure 9
Creators: name: Piemonti, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary figure 9 of paper "Rapamycin plus DPP-4 inhibitor in improving beta cell function in long standing type 1 diabetes: a double blind prospective randomized trial"
Adjustment Policies and the Current Account Balance: Empirical Evidence from Sudan
Creators: name: Bannaga, Alamedin A.
name: Bannaga, Alamedin A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Political Economy

description: The paper seeks to assess the impact of adjustment reforms on Sudan taking the current account balance as policy performance indicator. The paper shows that the government own reforms were more effective than those imposed by the IMF or the World Bank. It further illustrates that both policy and non-factors are responsible to the same degree in deriving current account deficit in the long run specifically inefficiency in exchange rate policy and structural and demographic factors.
Simultaneous representations of semilattices by lattices with permutable congruences
Creators: name: Tuma, Jiri
name: Wehrung, Friedrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 06A12, 06B10

description: The Congruence Lattice Problem (CLP), stated by R. P. Dilworth in the forties, asks whether every distributive {∨, 0}-semilatticeS is isomorphic to the semilattice Conc L of compact congruences of a lattice L. While this problem is still open, many partial solutions have been obtained, positive and negative as well. The solution to CLP is known to be positive for all S such that $|S|\leq\aleph\_1$. Furthermore, one can then take L with permutable congruences. This contrasts with the case where $|S| \geq\aleph\_2$, where there are counterexamples S for which L cannot be, for example, sectionally complemented. We prove in this paper that the lattices of these counterexamples cannot have permutable congruences as well. We also isolate ﬁnite, combinatorial analogues of these results. All the "ﬁnite" statements that we obtain are amalgamation properties of the Conc functor. The strongest known positive results, which originate in earlier work by the ﬁrst author, imply that many diagrams of semilattices indexed by the square 2^2 can be lifted with respect to the Conc functor. We prove that the latter results cannot be extended to the cube, 2^3. In particular, we give an example of a cube diagram of ﬁnite Boolean semilattices and semilattice embeddings that cannot be lifted, with respect to the Conc functor, by lattices with permutable congruences. We also extend many of our results to lattices with almost permutable congruences, that is, $\ga\jj\gb=\ga\gb\uu\gb\ga$, for all congruences a and b. We conclude the paper with a very short proof that no functor from ﬁnite Boolean semilattices to lattices can lift the Conc functor on ﬁnite Boolean semilattices.
Exploring for sub-MeV Boosted Dark Matter from Xenon Electron Direct Detection
Creators: name: Cao, Qing-Hong
name: Ding, Ran
name: Xiang, Qian-Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct detection experiments turn to lose sensitivity of searching for a sub-MeV light dark matter candidate due to the threshold of recoil energy. However, such light dark matter particles can be accelerated by energetic cosmic-rays such that they can be detected with existing detectors. We derive the constraints on the scattering of a boosted light dark matter and electron from the XENON100/1T experiment. We illustrate that the energy dependence of the cross section plays a crucial role in improving both the detection sensitivity and also the complementarity of direct detection and other experiments.
description: 5 pages with supplements