cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamics of a class of non-asymptotically flat black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton theory
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Manuel E.
name: Marques, Glauber Tadaiesky
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse in detail the thermodynamics in the canonical and grand canonical ensembles of a class of non-asymptotically flat black holes of the Einstein-(anti) Maxwell-(anti) Dilaton theory in 4D with spherical symmetry. We present the first law of thermodynamics, the thermodynamic analysis of the system through the geometrothermodynamics methods, Weinhold, Ruppeiner, Liu-Lu-Luo-Shao and the most common, that made by the specific heat. The geometric methods show a curvature scalar identically zero, which is incompatible with the results of the analysis made by the non null specific heat, which shows that the system is thermodynamically interacting, does not possess extreme case nor phase transition. We also analyse the local and global stability of the thermodynamic system, and obtain a local and global stability for the normal case for 0
description: 18 pages, version accepted for publication in General Relativity and Gravitation
Mind the price gap: How optimal emission pricing relates to the EU CO2 reduction targets
Creators: name: Kickhöfer, Benjamin
name: Agarwal, Amit
name: Nagel, Kai
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr
subject: agent-based modeling
subject: air pollution
subject: backcasting
subject: emissions
subject: optimal pricing
subject: sustainable transport

description: From the transport economic literature, it is known that optimal pricing of (environmental) externalities improves the urban system. In contrast to theory-based optimal pricing strategies, real-world policy setting often follows so-called “backcasting” approaches where certain targets are set, and policy measures are implemented in order to reach those targets. An example for the latter approach is the EU goal to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector by 20% until 2020 with respect to 1990 levels. This article aims to (i) compare optimal pricing and backcasting approaches for a specific case study in a simulation environment by identifying the contribution of each approach in EU’s 2020 emission reduction target, and (ii) to determine the costs required to reach the desired targets. For this purpose, an optimal emission pricing strategy is applied to a real-world scenario of the Munich metropolitan area in Germany. The highly differentiated tolls relate to individual exhaust emissions, i.e. they are calculated using damage cost estimates from the literature and vary over time of day, with traffic situation, and with vehicle type. The results indicate that the desired reduction in CO2 emissions is not reached for optimal pricing approach, and that the initial damage costs estimates need to be multiplied by a factor of 5 in order to reach the target, yielding a price of 350 EUR/ton CO2. When aiming at a decrease of the overall emission costs by 20% (CO2 and local pollutants), the initial cost estimates need to be multiplied by a factor of 10. Furthermore, it is shown that the major contribution to the overall emission reduction stems from behavioral changes of commuters and reverse commuters rather than from urban travelers; under some circumstances, urban travelers even increase their CO2 emission levels. Hence, the study rises awareness that conflicting trends for different types of pollutants and different types of individuals are very likely: an increase in non-methane hydrocarbon levels for urban travelers and freight depicts that pricing emissions does not necessarily result in a reduction of all pollutants or of the emissions levels of all travelers. It is shown how agent-based simulations can be used to provide valuable insights and decision support in such possibly counter-intuitive situations.
Latino Communities in the United States: Place-Making in the Pre-World War II, Postwar, and Contemporary City
Creators: name: Irazabal Zurita, Clara E.
name: Farhat, Ramzi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: City planning

description: Scholarship on Latino communities in the United States has yet to catch up with the rapid growth of this ethnic population in the country. Understanding the Latino urban experience and developing plans to better respond to both the needs of Latino communities and their integration within society is not only relevant, but also urgently necessary. Using the city of Los Angeles as a main lens, in addition to a general look at the urban Southwest, we contribute to the scholarship on the subject with a review of literature on Latino communities. We structure the review as an assessment of the various challenges and opportunities for urban Latinos in the pre-war, postwar, and contemporary city. Focusing on space, culture, economy, and governance, we chart the various roles both the private and public sectors play in meeting these challenges. Our reading of the literature shows that particular government actions in the economic and governance domains in the past had positive impacts on Latino integration, and we call for a similar effort today in addressing contemporary challenges. We conclude by suggesting that future planning scholarship on Latino communities engage the wider urban studies literature, focus on emerging forms of urbanization, and call on planners to sustain increased academic and practical interest in the topic.
"Science in a democracy" : the contested status of vaccination in the Progressive Era and the 1920s
Creators: name: Colgrove, James K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Science
History
Public health

description: In the first decades of the twentieth century, a heterogeneous assortment of groups and individuals articulated scientific, political, and philosophical objections to vaccination. They engaged in an ongoing battle for public opinion with medical and scientific elites, who responded with their own counterpropaganda. These ideological struggles reflected fear that scientific advances were being put to coercive uses and that institutions of the state and civil society were increasingly expanding into previously private realms of decision making, especially child rearing. This essay analyzes the motivations and tactics of antivaccination activists and situates their actions within the scientific and social climate of the Progressive Era and the 1920s. Their actions reveal how citizens of varied ideological persuasions, activists and nonactivists alike, viewed scientific knowledge during a period of swift and unsettling change, when the application of biologic products seemed to hold peril as well as promise.
Additional file 2: of Driving following defibrillator implantation: development and pilot results from a nationwide questionnaire
Creators: name: Bjerre, Jenny
name: Rosenkranz, Simone
name: Christensen, Anne
name: Schou, Morten
name: JĂ¸ns, Christian
name: Gislason, Gunnar
name: Ruwald, Anne-Christine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S2. Frequency of Problems Identified During Cognitive Interview Sessions. (DOCX 16 kb)
Changing the paradigm for HIV testing : the end of exceptionalism
Creators: name: Bayer, Ronald
name: Fairchild, Amy L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Public health

description: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is poised to issue new recommendations for testing for HIV in adults, adolescents, and pregnant women. Frustrated that more than 25 percent of Americans with HIV infection are unaware of their status and that almost 40 percent of those with newly diagnosed AIDS discover that they are infected less than a year before diagnosis, officials have proposed that HIV screening be routinely offered in all health care settings. The CDC already recommends routine testing among high-risk groups and in high-prevalence settings. The radical departure is the extension of routine testing to the entire population and the reconceptualization of the requirements for consent. Patients would be told that HIV testing was a routine part of care and given the opportunity to opt out. According to the CDC, specific signed consent would no longer be required, because “general consent for medical care is sufficient to encompass consent for HIV testing.”
Exceptional elliptic curves over quartic fields
Creators: name: Najman, Filip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the number of elliptic curves, up to isomorphism, over a fixed quartic field $K$ having a prescribed torsion group $T$ as a subgroup. Let $T=\Z/m\Z \oplus \Z/n\Z$, where $m|n$, be a torsion group such that the modular curve $X_1(m,n)$ is an elliptic curve. Let $K$ be a number field such that there is a positive and finite number of elliptic curves $E_T$ over $K$ having $T$ as a subgroup. We call such pairs $(E_T, K)$ \emph{exceptional}. It is known that there are only finitely many exceptional pairs when $K$ varies through all quadratic or cubic fields. We prove that when $K$ varies through all quartic fields, there exist infinitely many exceptional pairs when $T=\Z/14\Z$ or $\Z/15\Z$ and finitely many otherwise.
Genetic landscape of T- and NK-cell post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders
Creators: name: Margolskee, Elizabeth
name: Jobanputra, Vaidehi
name: Jain, Preti
name: Chen, Jinli
name: Ganapathi, Karthik
name: Nahum, Odelia
name: Levy, Brynn
name: Morscio, Julie
name: Vundavalli, Murty V.
name: Tousseyn, Thomas
name: Alobeid, Bachir
name: Mansukhani, Mahesh M.
name: Bhagat, Govind
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Genomics
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Lymphoproliferative disorders
subject: Immunodeficiency
subject: Killer cells
subject: T cells

description: Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders of T- or NK-cell origin (T/NK-PTLD) are rare entities and their genetic basis is unclear. We performed targeted sequencing of 465 cancer-related genes and high-resolution copy number analysis in 17 T-PTLD and 2 NK-PTLD cases. Overall, 377 variants were detected, with an average of 20 variants per case. Mutations of epigenetic modifier genes (TET2, KMT2C, KMT2D, DNMT3A, ARID1B, ARID2, KDM6B, n=11). and inactivation of TP53 by mutation and/ or deletion (n=6) were the most frequent alterations, seen across disease subtypes, followed by mutations of JAK/STAT pathway genes (n=5). Novel variants, including mutations in TBX3 (n=3), MED12 (n=3) and MTOR (n=1), were observed as well. High-level microsatellite instability was seen in 1 of 14 (7%) cases, which had a heterozygous PMS2 mutation. Complex copy number changes were detected in 8 of 16 (50%) cases and disease subtype-specific aberrations were also identified. In contrast to B-cell PTLDs, the molecular and genomic alterations observed in T/ NK-PTLD appear similar to those reported for peripheral T-cell lymphomas occurring in immunocompetent hosts, which may suggest common genetic mechanisms of lymphoma development.
Kitsch Is Dead, Long Live Kitsch: The Production of Hyperkitsch in Las Vegas
Creators: name: Irazabal Zurita, Clara E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Kitsch
City dwellers--Social conditions
Urbanization

description: This study investigates the production of hyperreality and kitsch in the latest generation of hotel-casino developments in Las Vegas. In these environments, visual imagery is manipulated for the creation of spectacle and a sense of alienation from time and reality. This suspension of real time and space is aimed at both facilitating the production of a simulated environment as "natural" and producing ideal sites for pleasure and consumption. Building upon the concepts of hyperreality and kitsch, this study proposes the framework of hyperkitsch to understand Las Vegas's contribution to contemporary urbanization. Through four case studies, this paper suggests that the iconographies of hyperkitsch allow visitors to enact fantasy lives that ease the estrangement that is the result of conflicted urban identities and impoverished citizenship in today's alienating cities. The first two are Rome and New York at Caesar's Palace and the New York-New York Hotel/Casinos respectively, which established the new prototype of the hotel-casino complex. The latter two case studies are the urban microcosms of the Venetian and Aladdin, which among the newer hotels feature the perfected "naturalized" cityscape ever more prominently. Breaking ranks with popular dismissive critiques of the Las Vegas prototype, this study argues that if hyperkitsch is here to stay, we need to explore its pedagogical, liberating, and redemptive potential. At a time when meaningful urban citizenship struggles to find footing in a culture increasingly defined by spectacle, hedonism, and consumerism, the hope for this study is to suggest a way out of the impasse imposed by the crises of social urban identity formation.
Neurotrophic factor expression after CNS viral injury produces enhanced sensitivity to psychostimulants : potential mechanism for addiction vulnerability
Creators: name: Solbrig, Marylou V.
name: Koob, George F.
name: Parsons, Loren H.
name: Kadota, Tomoko
name: Horscroft, Nigel
name: Briese, Thomas
name: Lipkin, W. Ian
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Epidemiology
Virology

description: Hypothesized risk factors for psychostimulant, amphetamine, and cocaine abuse include dopamine (DA) receptor polymorphisms, HIV infection, schizophrenia, drug-induced paranoias, and movement disorders; however, the molecular, cellular, and biochemical mechanisms that predispose to drug sensitivity or drive the development of addiction are incompletely understood. Using the Borna disease rat, an animal model of viralinduced encephalopathy wherein sensitivity to the locomotor and stereotypic behavioral effects of D-amphetamine and cocaine is enhanced (Solbrig et al., 1994, 1998), we identify a specific neurotrophin expression pattern triggered by striatal viral injury that increases tyrosine hydroxylase activity, an early step in DA synthesis, to produce a phenotype of enhanced amphetamine sensitivity. The reactive neurotrophin pattern provides a molecular framework for understanding how CNS viral injury, as well as other CNS adaptations producing similar growth factor activation profiles, may influence psychostimulant sensitivity.
Sensitivity study for baryon resonances searches in pion-proton collisions with HADES
Creators: name: Gollub, Jan
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: Masterarbeit, Ruhr Universität Bochum, 2023; 81 pp. (2023). = Masterarbeit, Ruhr Universität Bochum, 2023
Remediated pilgrimage to the Shrine of Imam Reza
Creators: name: Zia Ghazvini, Mahrou
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2019

description: In this thesis I examine the remediation of pilgrimage practices through
      Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). If mediation is the
      engine of subject and object formation, the relationship between human and
      non-human aspects of the world, representations and experiences, meanings
      and interpretations, then remediation is about the transformations of
      these performative relations. Through ethnography and internet-based
      research, I take the concept of mediation as an analytical tool to study a
      set of practices in order to 1) extend the study of mediation and
      sociotechnical configurations within Science and Technology Studies (STS)
      to the domain of pilgrimage, and 2) gain a deeper understanding of
      pilgrimage through the lens of STS. The site of my research is the shrine
      of Imam Reza in Mashad, Iran.

      This thesis looks at remediations of pilgrimage at the shrine of Iman Reza
      over the last 10 years. It begins with an analysis of the use of landline
      telephones for remediated pilgrimage practices and traces further
      reconfigurations through which mediated pilgrimage is experienced today,
      including the mobile phone, Virtual Reality glasses, and applications on
      the web. Key themes emerging from the analysis are sensory experience,
      absence, emotions and (im)mobility. These themes shape the structure of
      this thesis, and also act as a scaffolding for a deeper understanding of
      pilgrimage remediated through the use of ICTs. This thesis contributes to
      research in the fields of media studies (specifically studies of
      remediation), science and technology studies, and pilgrimage studies.

      I argue that in the process of remediation social beings and technological
      artifacts are reproduced and reconfigured, at the same time that they
      mutually implicate each other. Shiite Iranians, in their use of ICTs,
      actively take part in shaping their connection to Imam Reza, demonstrating
      their creativity and openness in accommodating technologies for their
      religious purposes, at the same time that ICTs in return reshape and
      reconfigure what it is to be a pilgrim. This makes remediated pilgrimage
      an experience that is not coherent and stable, but rather always in the
      making. This research shows remediated pilgrimage through the use of ICTs
      to be continually crafted, making it multiple, transformative, contested
      and complex.
NODES_Inndiana_Z66_Impatto della Dieta Chetogenica Sul Microbiota Intestinale su un modello murino
Creators: name: Tini, Sabrina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Spoke 5 - Industry for Health and Silver Economy
INNDIANA Project
Eco healthcare
ECS00000036

description:  congresso SINut Bologna 2024
Majorana fermions in spin-singlet nodal superconductors with coexisting non-collinear magnetic order
Creators: name: Lu, Yuan-Ming
name: Wang, Ziqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Realizations of Majorana fermions in solid state materials have attracted great interests recently in connection to topological order and quantum information processing. We propose a novel way to create Majorana fermions in superconductors. We show that an incipient non-collinear magnetic order turns a spin-singlet superconductor with nodes into a topological superconductor with a stable Majorana bound state in the vortex core; at a topologically-stable magnetic point defect; and on the edge. We argue that such an exotic non-Abelian phase can be realized in extended t-J models on the triangular and square lattices. It is promising to search for Majorana fermions in correlated electron materials where nodal superconductivity and magnetism are two common caricatures.
description: Revised version with calculations of Majorana bound states in vortex core and at magnetic point defect. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
PTEN regulates glutamine flux to pyrimidine synthesis and sensitivity to dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibition
Creators: name: Mathur, Deepti
name: Stratikopoulos, Elias
name: Ozturk, Sait
name: Steinbach, Nicole
name: Pegno, Sarah
name: Schoenfeld, Sarah
name: Yong, Raymund
name: Vundavalli, Murty V.
name: Asara, John M.
name: Cantley, Lewis C.
name: Parsons, Ramon
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Cancer
Cancer--Treatment
Tumors--Growth
Glutamine--Metabolism

description: Metabolic changes induced by oncogenic drivers of cancer contribute to tumor growth and are attractive targets for cancer treatment. Here, we found that increased growth of PTEN mutant cells was dependent on glutamine flux through the de novo pyrimidine synthesis pathway, which created sensitivity to inhibition of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase, a rate limiting enzyme for pyrimidine ring synthesis. S-phase PTEN mutant cells showed increased numbers of replication forks, and inhibitors of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase led to chromosome breaks and cell death due to inadequate ATR activation and DNA damage at replication forks. Our findings indicate that enhanced glutamine flux generates vulnerability to dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibition, which then causes synthetic lethality in PTEN deficient cells due to inherent defects in ATR activation. Inhibition of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase could thus be a promising therapy for patients with PTEN mutant cancers.
Ribavirin inhibits West Nile virus replication and cytopathic effect in neural cells
Creators: name: Jordan, Ingo
name: Briese, Thomas
name: Fischer, Nicole
name: Lau, Johnson Yiu-Nam
name: Lipkin, W. Ian
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Epidemiology
Virology
West Nile virus
Ribavirin

description: West Nile virus (WNV) is an emerging mosquito-borne pathogen that was reported for the first time in the Western hemisphere in August 1999, when an encephalitis outbreak in New York City resulted in 62 clinical cases and 7 deaths. WNV, for which no antiviral therapy has been described, was recently recovered from a pool of mosquitoes collected in New York City. In anticipation of the recurrence of WNV during the summer of 2000, an analysis was made of the efficacy of the nucleoside analogue ribavirin, a broad-spectrum antiviral compound with activity against several RNA viruses, for treatment of WNV infection. High doses of ribavirin were found to inhibit WNV replication and cytopathogenicity in human neural cells in vitro.
Perturbed stellar motions around the rotating black hole in Sgr A* for a generic orientation of its spin axis
Creators: name: Iorio, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Empirically determining the averaged variations of the orbital parameters of the stars orbiting the Supermassive Black Hole (SBH) hosted by the Galactic Centre (GC) in Sgr A* is, in principle, a valuable tool to put on the test the General Theory of Relativity (GTR), in regimes far stronger than those tested so far, and certain key predictions of it like the no-hair theorems. We analytically work out the long-term variations of all the six osculating Keplerian orbital elements of a test particle orbiting a non-spherical, rotating body with quadrupole moment Q_2 and angular momentum S for a generic spatial orientation of its spin axis k. This choice is motivated by the fact that, basically, we do not know the position in the sky of the spin axis of the SBH in Sgr A* with sufficient accuracy. We apply our results to S2, which is the closest star discovered so far having an orbital period P_b = 15.98 yr, and to a hypothetical closer star X with P_b = 0.5 yr. Our calculations are quite general, not being related to any specific parameterization of k, and can be applied also to astrophysical binary systems, stellar planetary systems, and planetary satellite geodesy in which different reference frames, generally not aligned with the primary's rotational axis, are routinely used.
description: LaTex2e, 10 pages, 4 tables, no figures, 72 references. Sign error corrected in Eq. (8), in the correspondence Q_2-->J_2, and in the precessional formulas. Clarification about the mean anomaly precession added
Identification of GBV-D, a novel GB-like flavivirus from Old World frugivorous Bats (Pteropus giganteus) in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Epstein, Jonathan H.
name: Quan, Phuong-Lan
name: Briese, Thomas
name: Street, Craig
name: Jabado, Omar J.
name: Conlan, Sean
name: Khan, Shahneaz Ali
name: Verdugo, Dawn
name: Hossain, M. Jahangir
name: Hutchison, Stephen K.
name: Egholm, Michael
name: Luby, Stephen P.
name: Daszak, Peter
name: Lipkin, W. Ian
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Epidemiology
Virology
Flaviviruses

description: Bats are reservoirs for a wide range of zoonotic agents including lyssa-, henipah-, SARS-like corona-, Marburg-, Ebola-, and astroviruses. In an effort to survey for the presence of other infectious agents, known and unknown, we screened sera from 16 Pteropus giganteus bats from Faridpur, Bangladesh, using high-throughput pyrosequencing. Sequence analyses indicated the presence of a previously undescribed virus that has approximately 50% identity at the amino acid level to GB virus A and C (GBV-A and -C). Viral nucleic acid was present in 5 of 98 sera (5%) from a single colony of free-ranging bats. Infection was not associated with evidence of hepatitis or hepatic dysfunction. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that this first GBV-like flavivirus reported in bats constitutes a distinct species within the Flaviviridae family and is ancestral to the GBV-A and -C virus clades.
Sensory effects of passive hind-limb cycling after spinal cord injury
Creators: name: Crawford, Mark Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating insult to the nervous system with implications for locomotor, autonomic and sensory function. Past studies indicate that passively moving the lower limbs may be beneficial for locomotor recovery after SCI, however the literature lacks in studies addressing autonomic and sensory ramifications of passive exercise. I used a well-established passive exercise model, which consists of cycling the hind-limbs of adult male Wistar rats with complete transection SCI at the third thoracic segment (T3), beginning 5 days after injury and continuing for 4 weeks (5 days / week, 1 hour total cycling/day). I measured Hoffman (H)-reflex latency and motoneuron recruitment after the cycling intervention. Latency of the H-wave was shorter in duration and motoneuron recruitment was enhanced after SCI when compared to uninjured controls. Exercise did not affect these properties. I performed histological analysis of parvalbumin-expressing neurons of lumbar (L) and sacral (S) dorsal root ganaglia (DRGs). Proprioceptive neurons at L1/L2 and L4/L5 levels demonstrated somal size decreases after SCI and further decreases with exercise, while there was no change at the L6/S1 level. This effect may be due to exercise-induced changes in neurotrophic support of proprioceptive neurons by target tissues. The autonomic/cardiovascular effects of passive exercise are largely unknown. I focused on two common cardiovascular conditions associated with SCI, autonomic dysreflexia (AD) and orthostatic hypotension (OH). AD occurs in individuals with an injury above T6, and is marked by massive spikes in blood pressure (BP) due to a normally-innocuous stimulus below the injury level. OH is a large drop in BP upon being seated upright, assessed via tilting the animal to a 90 degree head-up position. Passive exercise led to a 50% reduction in AD severity, as measured by beat-to-beat BP measurements and an established method for inducing AD. In contrast, I found no change in OH severity with exercise. Lumbosacral nociceptors expressing the capsaicin receptor (TRPV1), which have previously been implicated in AD and demonstrate hypertrophy after SCI, decrease in soma size after the exercise intervention. This may also indicate exercise-induced altered neurotrophic support.
R**2 correction to BMPV black hole entropy from Kerr/CFT correspondence
Creators: name: Hayashi, Hirotaka
name: Tai, Ta-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following Kerr/CFT correspondence, we compute the entropy of five-dimensional supersymmetric rotating BMPV black holes.We successfully reproduce Iyer-Wald formula in the presence of Gauss-Bonnet terms from the viewpoint of microscopic CFT. This further supports the higher-derivative version of Kerr/CFT prescription proposed in arXiv:0903.4176 for four-dimensional extremal Kerr black holes.
description: 10 pages
Theory for measurements of penetration depth in magnetic superconductors by magnetic force microscopy and scanning SQUID microscopy
Creators: name: Lin, Shi-Zeng
name: Bulaevskii, Lev N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the magnetic field distribution near the surface of a magnetic superconductor when a magnetic source is placed close to the superconductor. The magnetic field distribution can be measured by magnetic force microscopy and scanning SQUID microscopy, from which one can extract both the penetration depth $λ_L$ and magnetic susceptibility $χ$. When the magnetic moments are parallel to the surface, one extracts $λ_L/\sqrt{1-4πχ}$. When the moments are perpendicular to the surface, one obtains $λ_L$. By changing the orientation of the crystal, one thus is able to extract both $χ$ and $λ_L$.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures (add new results on modeling of the MFM tip as a magnetic monopole)
Evolution of Primordial Black Holes in Loop Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Dwivedee, Debabrata
name: Nayak, Bibekananda
name: Jamil, Mubasher
name: Singh, Lambodar Prasad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study the evolution of Primordial Black Holes within the context of Loop Quantum Gravity. First we calculate the scale factor and energy density of the universe for different cosmic era and then taking these as inputs we study evolution of primordial black holes. From our estimation it is found that accretion of radiation does not affect evolution of primordial black holes in loop quantum gravity even though a larger number of primordial black holes may form in early universe in comparison with Einstein's or scalar-tensor theories.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Systematic search for low-enthalpy sp3 carbon using evolutionary metadynamics
Creators: name: Zhu, Qiang
name: Zeng, Qingfeng
name: Oganov, Artem R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic search for low-energy metastable superhard carbon allotropes by using the recently developed evolutionary metadynamics technique. It is known that cold compression of graphite produces an allotrope at 15-20 GPa. Here we look for all low-enthalpy structures accessible from graphite. Starting from 2H- or 3R-graphite and applying the pressure of 20 GPa, a large variety of intermediate $sp^3$ carbon allotropes were observed in evolutionary metadynamics simulation. Our calculation not only found all the previous proposed candidates for `superhard graphite', but also predicted two allotropes (\emph{X}-carbon and \emph{Y}-carbon) showing novel 5+7 and 4+8 topologies. These superhard carbon allotropes can be classified into five families based on 6 (diamond/lonsdaleite), 5+7 (\emph{M/W}-carbon), 5+7 (\emph{X}-carbon), 4+8 (bct C$_4$), and 4+8 (\emph{Y}-carbon) topologies. This study shows evolutionary metadynamics is a powerful approach both to find the global minima and systematically search for low-energy metastable phases reachable from given starting materials.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
The ethics and politics of compulsory HPV vaccination
Creators: name: Colgrove, James K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Medical ethics
Public health

description: On September 12, 2006, 3 months after the Food and Drug Administration licensed a vaccine against human papillomavirus (HPV), Michigan lawmakers became the first in the United States to propose that vaccination be compulsory for girls entering sixth grade. Parents who objected would be able to opt out of the requirement under the same provisions that apply to other vaccinations. The bill passed the state senate by an overwhelming margin a week later and awaits consideration by the house. Other states are likely to follow Michigan's lead.
title: Susanna Dorothea Eck und Hungersbach
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Susanna Dorothea Eck und Hungersbach as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
Interactions between caregiving and sex and the antibody response to COVID-19 vaccination
Creators: name: Gallagher, Stephen
name: Ryan, Ruth
name: Cassidy, Irene
name: Tang, Wenyi
name: Whittaker, Anna
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 4205
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 4207
subject: Sports science and exercise
classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences

description: Objective: Antibody response to vaccination is a powerful paradigm for studying the effects of chronic stress on immune function. In the present study, we used this paradigm to examine the interaction between caregiving (as a type of chronic stress) and sex on the antibody response to a single dose of a COVID-19 vaccination; recent research has called for examination of sex differences on health outcomes among family caregivers. A three-way interaction between caregiving, sex, and psychological distress was also examined.Methods: COVID-19 antibody data were extracted from 165 caregivers (98 females) and 386 non-caregivers (244 females) from the UK’s Understanding Society COVID-19 study. Relevant sociodemographics, health and lifestyle, and distress variables were gathered as potential covariates.Results: In a 2 × 2 ANOVA, we found that the interaction between caregiving and sex was significant; male caregivers had a lower antibody response to the vaccine compared to female caregivers (F(1,547), =24.82, p < .001, η2p = 0.043). Following adjustment, male caregivers had the lowest antibody response relative to all other groups. The three-way interaction model, controlling for covariates, was also significant (R2 = 0.013, p = .049); the conditional effects for the three-way interaction revealed that male caregivers, compared to the other groups, had a lower antibody response at both low and medium levels of psychological distress.Conclusion: This study found evidence of a three-way interaction between caregiving, sex, and distress on antibody response. Male caregivers had poorer antibody response to a single shot of the COVID-19 vaccination than female caregivers and male and female non-caregivers, and this was evident at low and medium levels of distress. Our
Additional file 3: of Driving following defibrillator implantation: development and pilot results from a nationwide questionnaire
Creators: name: Bjerre, Jenny
name: Rosenkranz, Simone
name: Christensen, Anne
name: Schou, Morten
name: Jøns, Christian
name: Gislason, Gunnar
name: Ruwald, Anne-Christine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: “Danish ICD Patients’ Perspective on Driving – a Nationwide Survey. 2017”. English version (translated from Danish) of the questionnaire specifically constructed for this research project. (PDF 927 kb)
title: Karl Gottlieb Ehler
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Karl Gottlieb Ehler as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
Reflections on the Venezuelan Transition from a Capitalist Representative to a Socialist Participatory Democracy: What Are Planners to Do?
Creators: name: Irazabal Zurita, Clara E.
name: Foley, John
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: City planning
Public policy (Law)

description: Venezuela is experiencing a transitional political process in which the government and the majority of Venezuelans want to move from a capitalist representative democracy to a more socialist participatory democracy. This transition is enmeshed in complexities, contradictions, and political opposition. Reflection on the experience of accompanying neighborhood groups in local decision making in Caracas from 2002 to 2006 suggests that planning practitioners and scholars can be allies in the grassroots processes of empowerment and self-determination of local communities and advocates and active agents in the "trickling-up" of greater planning participation to upper levels of government.
title: Alexander Theodor von Ehrenburg
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Alexander Theodor von Ehrenburg as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's
Evolution of edge states in topological superfluids during the quantum phase transition
Creators: name: Silaev, M. A.
name: Volovik, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum phase transition between topological and non-topological insulators or between fully gapped superfluids/superconductors can occur without closing the gap. We consider the evolution of the Majorana edge states on the surface of topological superconductor during transition to the topologically trivial superconductor on example of non-interacting Hamiltonian describing the spin-triplet superfluid 3He-B. In conventional situation when the gap is nullified at the transition, the spectrum of Majorana fermions shrinks and vanishes after the transition to the trivial state. If the topological transition occurs without the gap closing, the Majorana fermion spectrum disappears by escaping to ultraviolet, where Green's function approaches zero. This demonstrates the close connection between the topological transition without closing the gap and zeroes in the Green's function. Similar connection takes place in interacting systems where zeroes may occur due to interaction.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, JETP Letters style, version submitted to JETP Letters
Bounded Tourism: Immigrant Politics, Consumption, and Traditions at Plaza Mexico
Creators: name: Irazabal Zurita, Clara E.
name: Gomez-Barris, Macarena
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: City planning
Recreation

description: Conceived and owned by Korean investors, the shopping mall Plaza Mexico in Southern California embodies a unique case of invention and commodification of traditions for locally-bound immigrants and US citizens of Mexican descent, showing the force of the contemporary processes of deterritorialisation and reterritorilisation of identities and the recreations of imagined conceptions of homeland. The Plaza is a unique architectural recreation of Mexican regional and national icons that make its patrons feel 'as if you were in Mexico'. Plaza Mexico produces a space of diasporic, bounded tourism, whereby venture capitalists opportunistically reinvent tradition within a structural context of constrained immigrant mobility. While most of the contemporary theory of tourism, travel and place emphasise the erosion of national boundaries and the fluidity of territories, the case of Plaza Mexico brings us to appreciate this phenomenon and its opposite as well -- the strengthening of national borders and their impact on the (in)mobility of millions of individuals.
Algorithms for Combinatorial Systems: Well-Founded Systems and Newton Iterations
Creators: name: Pivoteau, Carine
name: Salvy, Bruno
name: Soria, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider systems of recursively defined combinatorial structures. We give algorithms checking that these systems are well founded, computing generating series and providing numerical values. Our framework is an articulation of the constructible classes of Flajolet and Sedgewick with Joyal's species theory. We extend the implicit species theorem to structures of size zero. A quadratic iterative Newton method is shown to solve well-founded systems combinatorially. From there, truncations of the corresponding generating series are obtained in quasi-optimal complexity. This iteration transfers to a numerical scheme that converges unconditionally to the values of the generating series inside their disk of convergence. These results provide important subroutines in random generation. Finally, the approach is extended to combinatorial differential systems.
description: 61 pages
Solid phase modular synthesis of polymacromer brushes and their isolation as molecular products by photocleavage from the substrate
Creators: name: Dach, Benjamin Isaac
name: Li, Xia
name: Turro, Nicholas J.
name: Koberstein, Jeffrey T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chemistry
subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: We report a novel solid phase method for the sequential coupling of heterobifunctional macromonomers to form a new class of polymeric materials that we refer to as polymacromers. Starting from an azide functional substrate, Î±-azido, ÏŽ-protected-alkyne macromonomers are added step-by step by thermally initiated click reactions. After each addition step, the terminal alkyne group is deprotected to allow addition of another macromonomer. The use of highly chemoselective click chemistry for the coupling reactions allows virtually any macromonomer to be employed, regardless of its chemical nature. The polymacromers may be left as polymer brushes on the substrate, or can be isolated as molecular products by photocleavage of an ortho-nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl (NBOC) linkage incorporated at the substrate interface. The method is illustrated by forming homopolymacromers by sequential coupling of poly(tert-butyl acrylate) macromonomers. The results of characterization of the polymacromer bushes by ellipsometry, contact angle analysis and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and direct measurements of the molecular weights of isolated products by gel permeation chromatography demonstrate that polymacromers can be prepared with a coupling efficiency approaching 100%.
The spatial structure of mono-abundance sub-populations of the Milky Way disk
Creators: name: Bovy, Jo
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
name: Liu, Chao
name: Hogg, David W.
name: Beers, Timothy C.
name: Lee, Young Sun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spatial, kinematic, and elemental-abundance structure of the Milky Way's stellar disk is complex, and has been difficult to dissect with local spectroscopic or global photometric data. Here, we develop and apply a rigorous density modeling approach for Galactic spectroscopic surveys that enables investigation of the global spatial structure of stellar sub-populations in narrow bins of [α/Fe] and [Fe/H], using 23,767 G-type dwarfs from SDSS/SEGUE. We fit models for the number density of each such mono-abundance component, properly accounting for the complex spectroscopic SEGUE sampling of the underlying stellar population. We find that each mono-abundance sub-population has a simple spatial structure that can be described by a single exponential in both the vertical and radial direction, with continuously increasing scale heights (~200 pc to 1 kpc) and decreasing scale lengths (>4.5 kpc to 2 kpc) for increasingly older sub-populations, as indicated by their lower metallicities and [α/Fe] enhancements. That the abundance-selected sub-components with the largest scale heights have the shortest scale lengths is in sharp contrast with purely geometric `thick--thin disk' decompositions. To the extent that [α/Fe] is an adequate proxy for age, our results directly show that older disk sub-populations are more centrally concentrated, which implies inside-out formation of galactic disks. The fact that the largest scale-height sub-components are most centrally concentrated in the Milky Way is an almost inevitable consequence of explaining the vertical structure of the disk through internal evolution. Whether the simple spatial structure of the mono-abundance sub-components, and the striking correlations between age, scale length, and scale height can be plausibly explained by satellite accretion or other external heating remains to be seen.
description: ApJ, in press
Why Doha Is Inescapable
Creators: name: Bhagwati, Jagdish N.
name: Baldwin, Robert E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Economics

description: The Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) ran into rough weather in Miami
last November. The patchwork deal to let countries go in different directions on several
issues, as each FTAA member might fancy its interests to lie in, was little more than a
face-saving formula. But if one looks closely at the face, it is evident that USTR
Zoellick’s love affair with the strategy of going bilateral and regional, both as desirable in
itself (when many see these proliferating deals as a pox on the world trading system) and
as a strategic means to spur multilateralism (when in fact many regard it as harming it),
had floundered.
Remembering Berton Roueché: Master of Medical Mysteries
Creators: name: Lerner, Barron H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Journalism
Public health

description: Berton Roueché wrote the “Annals of Medicine” feature in the New Yorker magazine from the 1940s until the 1980s. Roueché developed his innovative approach to medical writing at a time when two important transformations were occurring in American medicine: the emergence of clinical epidemiology and the growth of media coverage of medical topics. Roueché was an immensely talented writer and storyteller, and his writings introduced not only laypersons but also future generations of physicians to the art of medicine.
title: Georg Christoph Eimmart
title: An entry in the LCA Online Dictionary of Leibniz’s Correspondents and Acquaintances
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Tba)
Publisher: name: LCA Project
Year: 2018

description: Georg Christoph Eimmart as a personal relation of Leibniz’s: The resource presents biographical information on a correspondent of Leibniz's