Additional file 1 of Healthcare utilization and costs for patients with Parkinson’s disease in Taiwan
Creators: name: Chen, Kuan-Chen
name: Ku, Li-Jung Elizabeth
name: Hu, Ya-Hui
name: Sun, Yu
name: Elbaz, Alexis
name: Lee, Pei-Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1: Appendix Figure 1. Identified PD patients in the NHIRD as those with a PD code according to the International Classification of Disease (9th Revision, Clinical Modification, ICD-9-CM, code 332.0; ICD-10-CM code G20) and at least three medical claims between 2000 and 2018. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we have incident PD cases (N = 51,140) between 2003 and 2016. To select a comparison cohort, we used risk-set sampling (4:1 ratio) to identify non-PD subjects who were matched to PD cases on age, gender, year of PD diagnosis, and city/county of residence at the index date. After further exclusion criteria, the final sample included 251,433 participants (50,290 PD cases, 201,153 non-PD subjects). Appendix Figure 2. Shows trends in average annual medical and drug costs since diagnosis among PD patients &lt; 72 years and ≧ 72 years and their control group. There were significant differences in medical care utilization and costs between PD and non-PD subjects, whether younger or older. However, after the 5th year of disease diagnosis, the expenditures among younger PD patients were higher than those with older age at diagnosis. Appendix Table 1. Shows the predicted values of medical care utilization and costs among patients with PD and non-PD Stratified by age, gender, and duration of follow-up. Except for outpatient care, the frequency and cost of care of older PD patients were higher than those of younger PD patients. Alternatively, the total drug cost of younger PD patients was higher than that of older PD patients. After the 5th year of disease diagnosis, the total drug costs among younger PD patients were also higher than those with older age at diagnosis. The frequency and cost of care of male PD patients were higher than that of female PD patients. Appendix Table 2. Shows the predicted values of medical care utilization and costs among patients with different severity of PD stratified by age, gender, and duration of follow-up. The frequency of care, costs of care, and drug costs tended to increase with PD severity in all strata. Appendix Table 3. Shows the sociodemographic characteristics of deceased and survived PD participants. Among 50,290 PD patients, 20,466 died and 29,824 survived. Those who died were older at baseline and more often male; they had lower insurance premium, lived more in satellite cities/tow, and had a higher CCI. Appendix Table 4. Shows the predicted values of medical care utilization and costs among patients with PD stratified by survival status. Compared with surviving PD patients, deceased PD patients had a higher mean predicted frequency of care, except for outpatient care. In each subcategory of costs, costs of care of deceased PD patients were higher than those of surviving PD patients. Appendix Table 5. Shows predicted values of medical care utilization and costs among deceased cases with different severity of PD stratified by age, gender, and duration of follow-up. Among deceased PD patients, stratified only by age and gender, the frequency of care, costs of care, and drug costs tended to increase with PD severity.