cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Competition in chromate adsorption onto micro-sized granular ferric hydroxide
Creators: name: Hilbrandt, Inga
name: Ruhl, Aki Sebastian
name: Zietzschmann, Frederik
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019

description: Hexavalent chromium is highly toxic and elaborate technology is necessary for ensured removal during drinking water production. The present study aimed at estimating the potential of a micro-sized iron hydroxide (nGFH] adsorbent for chromate removal in competition to ions presents in drinking water. Freundlich and Langmuir models were applied to describe the adsorption behaviour. The results show a high dependency on the pH value with increasing adsorption for decreasing pH values. The adsorption capacity in deionized water (DI) at pH 7 was 5.8mg/g Cr(VI) while it decreased to 1.9mg/g Cr(VI) in Berlin drinking water (DW) at initial concentrations of 1.2mg/L. Desorption experiments showed reversible adsorption indicating ion exchange and outer sphere complexes as main removal mechanisms. Competing ions present in DW were tested for interfering effects on chromate adsorption. Bicarbonate was identified as main inhibitor of chromate adsorption. Sulfate, silicate and phosphate also decreased chromate loadings, while calcium enhanced chromate adsorption. Adsorption kinetics were highly dependent on particle size and adsorbent dose. Adsorption equilibrium was reached after 60ââą ¯min for particles smaller than 63nm, while 240 min were required for particles from 125nm to 300nm. Adsorption kinetics in single solute systems could be modelled using the homogeneous surface diffusion model (HSDM) with a surface diffusion coefficient of 4x10-14m2/s. Competitive adsorption could be modelled using simple equations dependent on time, adsorption capacity and concentrations only. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Risk amid Protection and Motivation: A Communicative Cardiovascular Physician-Patient Model of Message Preparation-Perception (CPMP)2
Creators: name: Keon, Claire M.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2012
Subjects: experimental
quantitative
motivation
risk communication
cardiovascular disease
risk perception
patient health

description: Effective risk communication is essential in the field of health to ensure patients understand the information being presented to them by medical professionals and appreciate the level of risk involved in treatments. Cardiovascular disease, being the leading cause of death worldwide, is relevant to consider when examining risk communication in a health setting. Those afflicted with cardiovascular ailments are both high in number and exposed to information communicating risk. This research aims to identify presentation formats that are more effective communicating risk information to recovering cardiovascular patients at the University of Ottawa Heart Institute. The formats’ effectiveness is measured by gauging the population’s understanding of the material and perception of the information as it relates to risk and motivation. The research draws on Max Weber’s concept of rationality and subsequent scholars who developed social judgment theory, the heuristic-systematic model, expected utility theory, protection motivation theory, and the extended parallel process model. Utilizing an experimental research design, risk information handouts and questionnaires are distributed to, and completed by, a stratified sample of cardiovascular disease patients. Effective presentation formats are examined, and the results identify comparatively effective presentation formats for minimizing and maximizing risk perception. The results also identify presentation formats’ impact on a patient’s level of motivation to avoid / indulge in behaviours that may maximize or minimize risk. The results, synthesized herein, suggest a model (communicative cardiovascular physician-patient model of message preparation-perception), which may contribute to the effectiveness of risk communication between physicians and cardiovascular disease patients.
Supplementary document for Voltage tunable mid-wave infrared reflective varifocal metalens via an optomechanic cavity - 5102742.pdf
Creators: name: Chen, Yikun
name: Pu, Shiliang
name: Wang, Chongzhi
name: Yi, Fei
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The detailed information about the references in Fig1.(a)
Open-access, reproducibility, and teaching opportunities in population ecology
Creators: name: Salguero-Gómez, Roberto
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2020
Subjects: COMADRE
COMPADRE
open science
FAIR data
Living Norway
education
global database
ecology
demography

description: Lecture at Seminar (), ; doi:10.5281/ZENODO.4115615
description: Slides presented at the Open Science workshop (teaching session) during the Living Norway   2020 colloquium .
Mathematical modelling of oxygen steelmaking
Creators: name: Dogan, Neslihan
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Oxygen steelmaking is complex because of the presence of multiple phases, many components, and the non-steady state/non-homogenous conditions within the process. The severe operating conditions make it difficult to take measurements and directly observe the process. Although some mathematical models have been developed to describe the kinetics of oxygen steelmaking, improve understanding of the system and optimize process control, existing theories have not been successfully applied under dynamic process conditions. For example, there is evidence that the period when the bloated droplets are suspended in the emulsion phase enhances the reaction areas, and the decarburization rates. In this study a computer based model has been developed that incorporates bloated droplet theory under dynamic conditions to evaluate its influence on the overall kinetics of the process. The process variables influencing the decarburization reaction kinetics considered in the model were hot metal, scrap and flux charges, hot metal, scrap and slag compositions, oxygen blowing conditions, temperature of the bath, flux dissolution, scrap melting, the droplet generation rate, droplet size, residence time of droplets in the emulsion, and decarburization rates in the emulsion and impact zones. These process variables were modelled individually. The equations involved in this model were solved numerically on the basis of parameters encountered in the operation of oxygen steelmaking furnaces. All the developed models were translated into computational code and linked to one another in this study. The global model was tested with actual data for a 200 t top-blown furnace under the full scale operating conditions. The model predictions proved that the carbon content of liquid iron agreed with the actual process data. The model suggests that 45% of total carbon was removed via emulsified metal droplets and the remainder was removed from the impact zone during the entire blow. It was found that the residence time of droplets and the decarburization reaction rate via emulsified droplets, was a strong function of the bloating behavior of the droplets. The estimated residence times of the metal droplets in the emulsion were between 0.4 and 45 seconds throughout the blow. The global model enabled a comparison of the decarburization rates in different reaction zones and provided a better understanding of the process variables affecting in each reaction zone. On the basis of this model, the decarburization rates in the emulsion phase reached 60% of the overall decarburization rate during the main blow. These findings will provide a further theoretical understanding of the oxygen steelmaking process and provide a predictive tool for industrial applications. This development represents an original contribution to our understanding of steelmaking.
The one- and two-dimensional isovists analyses in Space Syntax
Creators: name: Van Nes, Akkelies
Publisher: name: Research in Urbanism Series
Year: 2011

description: This article aims to show the spatial properties for indicating degrees of street life, safety and economical attractiveness in urban areas through analysing the one- and two-dimensional visibility analyses of the space syntax method. The space syntax method is able to calculate the spatial configuration of built environments and can be applied on a wide scale level in research on built environments - from the organisation of furniture in a room up to the metropolis, making possible, in the first instance comparison of built environments with one another from a spatial point of view. Similarly, the method is a useful tool for comparison of the spatial changes in a before and after situation of structural urban changes in an area. However, while the method is a tool for explaining the physical spatial set up of buildings and cities, the interpretation of the results from the spatial analyses must be done in correlation with understanding of the societal processes and human behaviour. The most known method is to calculate how spatially integrated a street is in relation to all others in terms of direction change and degree of angular deviation. It is able to identify the streets’ spatial features for vital shopping areas, crime distribution, various social classes’ spatial preferences when choosing a dwelling area, and the spatial features of the location of various institutional buildings. The space syntax method’s elements are based on visual sight lines. Examples from Delft and Alkmaar will be used for showing the correlations between the spatial analyses and socio-economic data.
description: Research in Urbanism Series, Vol. 2 (2011): Exploring the Visual Landscape: Advances in physiognomic landscape research in the Netherlands
Introduction to RDM and Open Science
Creators: name: Shalini
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2021

description: Lecture at Seminar (), ; doi:10.5281/ZENODO.4569954
description: Slides of the first lecture of the PhD course (March/April 2021) ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT RESEARCH DATA MANAGEMENT AND OPEN ACCESS PUBLISHING at Politecnico di Torino .
Metal Nanoparticles Over Active Ionic-Conductive Supports for the Reverse Water Gas Shift Reaction
Creators: name: Einakchi, Raha
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: Ru and Fe Nanoparticles
Ionically-Conductive oxides
RWGS

description: Increase in carbon dioxide emissions due to economic activity induce global warming. The strong increase in energy demand, mainly based on oil and coal, induces a rapid increase in CO2 in the atmosphere. Within Canada, the amount of human-produced carbon dioxide is considerable because a large portion of energy is supplied by burning of fossil fuels. The Reverse Water Gas Shift (RWGS) reaction is a promising catalytic process for the utilization and subsequent activation of carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide, which can be further converted into fuels such as gasoline. The current thesis studies the development of nano-catalytic systems for the RWGS reaction. Mono- and bi-metallic nanoparticles based on Cu, Fe, Ru and Pt were prepared using a polyol synthesis method. The catalytic performance of three different types of metal oxides (ionically conductive, mixed ionic-electronic conductive and non-conductive) was investigated for the RWGS reaction. Conductive metal oxides including samarium-doped ceria (SDC), ceria (CeO2), yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) and iron III oxide (Fe2O3) were further used as the catalyst supports and the nanoparticles of Cu, Fe, CuxFe1-x (x = 50 and 95 at.%), Ru, Pt, Ru50Pt50 and RuxFe1-x (x = 80 and 90 at.%) were subsequently deposited on them. A stoichiometric mixture of H2 and CO2, i.e. H2/CO2 = 1, was used under atmospheric pressure in the temperature range of 300 - 600°C in order to evaluate the catalyst performance in terms of activity, stability and selectivity. Nanoparticles deposited on ceria-based supports (CeO2 and SDC) showed superior catalytic performance compared to other metal oxides. Among all the catalyst tested, 5 wt.% Ru50Pt50/CeO2 showed the highest CO yield and satisfactory stability for RWGS reaction. The second best catalytic systems were based on Ru90Fe10/CeO2 and Ru80Fe20/CeO2, which are more attractive from the practical point of view.
Mapping landscape attractiveness
Creators: name: Roos-Klein Lankhorst, Janneke
name: De Vries, Sjerp
name: Buijs, Arjen
Publisher: name: Research in Urbanism Series
Year: 2011

description: Offering people scenic beauty is one of the most frequently mentioned landscape services. In the Netherlands it also has become an explicit policy goal: “we want a beautiful country to live and work in”. However, instruments to help policy makers and spatial planners to implement this relatively new goal are largely lacking. Where do people like the landscape in their living environment and where do they not? And which physical characteristics influence this appreciation and to what extent? To provide such information in a cost-efficient way, a model was developed to map, monitor, and simulate precisely this: the GIS-based Landscape Appreciation Model (GLAM). The model predicts the attractiveness of the landscape based solely on nationally available GIS-data on its physical aspects for each 250 x 250 metre cell. The model was calibrated using attractiveness ratings from a national survey among residents. The final model was evaluated using data from another Dutch survey of landscape appreciation among residents living in the vicinity of 52 areas that landscape experts considered being of high quality. In this article, we describe the theoretical background to GLAM, the attributes in the current version of the model, the final steps in calibrating the model, as well as its validation. We conclude with a discussion on the usefulness of GLAM for spatial policy.
description: Research in Urbanism Series, Vol. 2 (2011): Exploring the Visual Landscape: Advances in physiognomic landscape research in the Netherlands
Umweltschutz in der Landwirtschaft
Creators: name: Adler, Nicole
name: Ehlers, Knut
name: Friedrich, Barbara
name: Frische, Tobias
name: Gather, Corinna
name: Ginzky, Harald
name: Hammerich, Jenny
name: Herrmann, Tim
name: Hofmeier, Maximilian
name: Lamfried, Daniel
name: Matthey, Astrid
name: Plambeck, Nils Ole
name: Richter, Simone
name: Roskosch, Andrea
name: Starke, Sue-Martina
name: Vogel, Ines
name: Walter, Anne
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017

description: Fast die Hälfte der Fläche in Deutschland wird landwirtschaftlich genutzt. Auf diesen Flächen stellen Landwirte Nahrung, Futter und nachwachsende Rohstoffe her. Was wir auf unserem Teller haben, kommt zu großen Teilen aus Deutschland. Doch die konventionelle Intensivlandwirtschaft führt zu dramatischen Umweltschäden in Wasser, Boden und Luft, beeinträchtigt die Biodiversität und das Klima. Wie es anders gehen könnte, zeigt die neue Fachbroschüre. Quelle: Umweltbundesamt
How open science helps researchers succeed
Creators: name: Cruz, Maria
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2019
Subjects: open science
open access

description: Lecture at Seminar (), ; doi:10.5281/ZENODO.3545958
description: This workshop was delivered at the Annual Meeting of the PhD-students of the Graduate School Neurosciences Amsterdam Rotterdam (ONWAR). The workshop is based on a paper with same title by Erin C McKiernan et al. published in eLife in 2016 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.16800 ). The authors of this paper take a researcher-centric approach in outlining the benefits of open research practices. This workshop took a similar approach. Together, working in groups and through an interactive presentation, we looked at the benefits of open science and also at the barriers to adoption of open research practices. The participants shared examples of best practice and advice on how to practice open science within the existing academic incentive frameworks.
An analysis of the Canadian federal policy on sport participation and its impact on national sport organizations
Creators: name: Houston, Christopher James
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences, General.
subject: Health Sciences, Recreation.
subject: Recreation.

description: The formal inclusion of participation in the new Canadian sport policy in 2002 marks a significant change in the Canadian sporting landscape, a change examined in this Masters thesis through a qualitative research methodology in the form of a questionnaire, interviews, and document analysis. The first section of the thesis seeks to gain a better understanding of what factors led the federal government to add participation to the new Canadian Sport Policy, and what the agendas were of the key stakeholders in the formation of the policy. Findings support Kingdon's Multiple Streams Theory but highlight the importance a single individual can have in driving the policy agenda. The second section examines the participation pillar's effect on NSOs related to new initiatives implemented and organizational structure and values linked to organizational archetypes. Six structure- and value-based barriers to change were found, throwing doubt on the ability of NSOs to deliver participation initiatives.
Mining functionally novel association rules: a domain-driven data mining approach using biomedical literature and ontology
Creators: name: Sebastian, Yakub
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Introduction. Good medical hypotheses are the key to most medical breakthroughs. Association rules produced by medical data mining systems may lead to the formulation of valid medical hypotheses. An important requirement is that these rules must be novel. However, evaluating rule novelty based on the traditional pairwise approach has always been challenging. This study introduces a new non-pairwise novelty criterion termed the functional novelty. Objective. To develop a new knowledge discovery framework and techniques for discovering functionally novel association rules from cardiovascular data sets. Methods. Association rules were mined from two cardiovascular data sets using the FP-Growth algorithm with sufficiently low minimum support and confidence thresholds. The rules were semantically filtered against semantic relations defined in Unified Medical Language System ontology. By applying a modified χ2-based correlation measure called χ2 the filtered rules were then validated against lit, Pubmed literature to determine their compliance with the existing medical domain knowledge. Only the domain knowledge-compliant rules were selected for the final rule post-processing. In the conducted experiments, a cardiologist prescribed four pairs of medical hypotheses. The functional novelty of each association rule was determined based on its likelihood in mediating these hypotheses using the Minχ2 score. Results. KELAM, a novel domain-driven knowledge discovery framework was constructed. Two experiments were conducted with the cardiologist’s evaluation results as the gold standard. In the Experiment I, χ2 lit exhibited a high recall rate for domain knowledge-compliant rules even though it suffered from a low precision. In the Experiment II, Minχ2 proved to be useful for ranking the rule functional novelty because all candidate functionally novel rules were found among the top-10 rules. One interesting result showed that KELAM suggested a potential relationship between von willebrand factor and intracardiac thrombus via the association rule diabetes mellitus⇔coronary arteriosclerosis. Conclusion. This thesis successfully produced an effective domain-driven knowledge discovery framework for discovering the functionally novel rules by combining the domain knowledge from the medical literature, the ontology, and user-defined hypotheses. The proposed post-mining evaluation technique and measures proved to be useful in predicting candidate functionally novel rules as shown in experiments validated by a cardiologist. The outcome of this work is expected to become the first step towards medical knowledge discovery systems that can effectively aid medical researchers in rapidly testing and validating the potential medical hypotheses at the initial stage of a medical discovery endeavour.
Visual research in landscape architecture
Creators: name: Nijhuis, Steffen
Publisher: name: Research in Urbanism Series
Year: 2011

description: A core activity of landscape architecture is designing and construction of outdoor space. In addition to that landscape architecture can be considered a matter of epistemology, a way of looking, with the architectonic composition as core of landscape architectonic research and design. An architectural composition can be comprehended by addressing four layers of interest: basic form, corporeal form, visible form and purposive intention. This article argues that GISc offers researchers new possibilities for representing, analysing and modelling landscape architectonic compositions to study its visible form. The visible form derives from the act of perceiving, which is linked with the sequential unfolding of information as our bodies pass through space. We can understand the visible form from the vertical perspective, its conceptual order, and from the horizontal perspective, its perceptual order. GISc in relation to the conceptual order deals with geometric properties such as shape, symmetry, rhythm, alignment, congruence, and repetition. GISc in relation to the perceptual order considers landscape architectonic compositions as it is encountered by an individual within it, moving through it, making use of GIS-based isovists and viewsheds. This article focuses on the analysis of the relationship between the conceptual and perceptual order of a landscape architectonic composition by measuring visible space, using GIS-based methods and techniques and link the outcomes to the geometric properties of the design. Piazza San Marco (Venice, IT) and Stourhead landscape garden (Wiltshire, UK) are used as examples to showcase some applications.
description: Research in Urbanism Series, Vol. 2 (2011): Exploring the Visual Landscape: Advances in physiognomic landscape research in the Netherlands
Alcoholism treatment digest (Release No. 63, February 15, 1963)
Creators: name: Keller, Mark
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1963

description: The Alcoholism Treatment Digest was a subscription-based publication prepared for special clients by the editorial department of the Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol / Journal of Studies on Alcohol from 1950 to 1973 with Mark Keller as editor. It was published in February, April, June, October, and December, summarizing scholarly content on four topics, available to republish with attribution. Some of the reviews were simultaneously published in the "Connecticut Review on Alcoholism" under the identical subtitle "Alcoholism Treatment Digest" every other month. The authors of the reviews were first noted in 1964, in the June issue.Contents, Release No. 631.The Therapeutic Community --A New Way of Treatment for Alcoholics2.Join t and Group Therapy with Alcoholics and Their Spouses3.Surgery in Alcoholics4.Animal Charcoal in Treatment of Alcoholism
Undergraduate persistence in an open-access, online, scientific computing training is influenced by expectancy, value, and cost
Creators: name: Hubenthal, Michael
name: Brudzinski, Michael
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: During 2020 a free, 3-month long, certificate-granting, online workshop was offered to increase undergraduates’ knowledge, skills, self-efficacy, and interest in observational seismology and scientific computing. Course registrants were comprised of 760 upper-level undergraduates from across science and math majors, representing 60 countries. Performance data revealed 58% of registrants initiated the workshop by completing at least one assignment, and 30% successfully completed the full workshop. These rates were higher than most comparable large-scale, open-access courses. This study explores factors associated with persistence by examining registration, performance, and pre/post survey data through the lens of the expectancy-value theory (EVT). Results indicate that EVT constructs show moderate to weak associations with initiation, including intrinsic (p<.001), utility (p<.001), and attainment value (p=.24), and expectancy (e.g., completion intentions [p<.001], prior computing experience [p<.001], seismology research experience [p=.01], seismology self-efficacy [p=.84]). Two expectancy factors, academic major (p=.050) and prior geophysics coursework (p<.001), showed weak associations with completion. Demographic factors such as race, ethnicity, and gender were not associated with initiation or completion, but primary language showed an association with attainment and intrinsic values. Dissuading factors or costs were also captured through surveys. The few responses from non-completers limited the analysis. However, an examination of acute and accumulated costs suggests they may influence persistence, especially at completion. Based on these results, interventions are proposed to enhance persistence in future workshops. These include increasing motivational messaging, tailoring course structure to mitigate avoidable costs, and where possible, increasing communication to set time and effort expectations and showcase prior participants overcoming costs.
Prevalence and Correlates of Pre-Treatment HIV Drug Resistance among HIV-Infected Children in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Tadesse, Birkneh Tilahun
name: Tsai, Olivia
name: Chala, Adugna
name: Chaka, Tolossa Eticha
name: Eromo, Temesgen
name: Lapointe, Hope R.
name: Baraki, Bemuluyigza
name: Shahid, Aniqa
name: Tadesse, Sintayehu
name: Makonnen, Eyasu
name: Brumme, Zabrina L.
name: Aklillu, Eleni
name: Brumme, Chanson J.
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2019

description: Pediatric human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care in resource-limited settings remains a major challenge to achieving global HIV treatment and virologic suppression targets, in part because the administration of combination antiretroviral therapies (cART) is inherently complex in this population and because viral load and drug resistance genotyping are not routinely available in these settings. Children may also be at elevated risk of transmission of drug-resistant HIV as a result of suboptimal antiretroviral administration for prevention of mother-to-child transmission. We investigated the prevalence and the correlates of pretreatment HIV drug resistance (PDR) among HIV-infected, cART-naive children in Ethiopia. We observed an overall PDR rate of 14%, where all cases featured resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs): ~9% of participants harbored resistance solely to NNRTIs while ~5% harbored resistance to both NNRTIs and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). No resistance to protease inhibitors was observed. No sociodemographic or clinical parameters were significantly associated with PDR, though limited statistical power is noted. The relatively high (14%) rate of NNRTI resistance in cART-naive children supports the use of non-NNRTI-based regimens in first-line pediatric treatment in Ethiopia and underscores the urgent need for access to additional antiretroviral classes in resource-limited settings.
Auricular acupressure as an adjunct treatment in cancer patients with pain: a pilot study
Creators: name: You, Eunhea
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: Approximately 50% of cancer patients experience pain even when they take standard pain medications. These pain medications have many side effects, like headache, vomiting, and addiction. Complementary or alternative medicine have become increasingly popular in the US. Complementary or alternative medicine therapies are defined as replacing of or combining with primary care. Complementary or alternative medicine therapies such as auricular acupressure (AA) may decrease medical costs by reducing doctor’s visit and usage of pain medication. The ear acupoints may be stimulated by pressure from fingers, hands, or automatically by the seeds themselves. The basic theory behind AA is that the outer ear, brain, and every part of body are connected by nerve system. When a patient stimulates auricular acupoints, the body produces some opioid substances and hormones or increases anti-inflammatory reaction. Auricular acupressure intervention may empower cancer patients to increase their pain self- management because they need to self-administer AA at their home. Cancer patients may well self-administer AA therapy if they get supported by healthcare providers. There are few studies that have assessed the effect of AA on cancer pain. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and effect of AA intervention on cancer patients experiencing pain. One group repeated measure and five visits in time to evaluate retention, adherence, and completion of AA therapy and to assess alleviating cancer pain by an AA intervention. This study was done at Rutgers University and participants’ home. The participants were withdrawn at 33% in the study, adhered to this AA intervention at 99.4% and completed the AA intervention at 100%. The pain severity, pain interference, and the neuropathic pain showed a statistically significant decrease throughout the 4-week AA intervention. As pain severity and pain interference improved in this study, body pain and physical component in quality of life had also improved during the AA intervention period. However, the depression score did not show a statistically significant improvement in this study. Further research with AA therapy with bigger sample size and robust research design is required to build on the evidence on the feasibility and the effect of AA intervention.
Geomatics in physiognomic landscape research
Creators: name: Van Lammeren, Ron
Publisher: name: Research in Urbanism Series
Year: 2011

description: Geomatics is a technology and service sector focussing on the acquisition, storage, analysis and management of geographically referenced information for improved decision-making. Landscape physiognomic and research –and its GI science application. The geomatics developments since 40 years confront us with many new algorithms and a variety of geo data. Due to these the interest in physiognomic research has been increased. This article links the variety of geodata and its processing functions to the landscape physiognomic research framework. This link is based on an overview of the geo data, the intended applications in landscape physiognomic research and the functions to perform. The article provides an overview of geographical data using/driving methods and applications that may support physiognomic landscape research that longs from methods that rely on geo-data that ranges from a administratively defined (INSPIRE), professional experiment acquired up to collected by volunteers. These methods may act manifold: describe, proof and project of space as could be perceived, imagined and created from both perspectives affectively and cognitively. Besides to communicate results the methods include persistently also analysis by visualization. Other findings are the interest in changing objects of the landscape and perception via moving subjects.
description: Research in Urbanism Series, Vol. 2 (2011): Exploring the Visual Landscape: Advances in physiognomic landscape research in the Netherlands
Open Science is here to stay
Creators: name: Giglia, Elena
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2022
Subjects: Scholarly communication, Open science

description: Lecture at Seminar (), ; doi:10.5281/ZENODO.6493441
description: Lesson / Digital Humanities and Digital Knowledge (prof. Silvio Peroni, Univ. of Bologna) April 27, 2022 We started with what's wrong with the current scholarly communication system to see why we need Open Science, as the COVID pandemic clearly showed. We then got an overview of Open Science practices, taking into account the Horizon Europe mandate and the EOSC environment.
The phenomenological experience of the visual landscape
Creators: name: Pellitero, Ana Moya
Publisher: name: Research in Urbanism Series
Year: 2011

description: Any environment, natural, rural or urban, cannot be only reduced to a physical object that is measured, analysed, monitored, or captured through mapping, human beings also relate to their environment through their beliefs, emotions and senses. This existential relation brings together the objective and the subjective, the physical qualities of the space and its perceptual and sensorial experience, the tangible (quantitative) geographic values and the intangible (qualitative) emotional connotations. This article addresses how we can map and monitor, the quantitative and the qualitative, the tangible and the intangible aspects of landscape. It argues that we should include phenomenological information that is constantly expanding and actualising in the Internet. This information is outside the subject, and inside a digital environment that can be always consulted, as an external memory. If we consider a new social participative methodology, we should see the potentials of a digital society that did not lose the physical and phenomenological contact with the environment, on the contrary, this sensorial and corporeal contact has been intensified. The Information Age does not create isolated individuals in front of a computer, but collectives and groups eager for communication in infinite social networks. Landscape is not only appreciated by the â€˜lookâ€™ but also by the rest of the body senses. Landscape becomes a somatic space where individuals are not outside, taking distance, and â€˜looking atâ€™ the view, but inside of it, creating it by the same corporeal action and body awareness. In the mapping of the qualitative and intangible values of the landscape, a new social participative methodology should take into consideration, together with the way society perceives and appreciates the landscape by the look, also the degrees of social interaction with it, and the layers of exchange of information and communication that the landscape contains.
description: Research in Urbanism Series, Vol. 2 (2011): Exploring the Visual Landscape: Advances in physiognomic landscape research in the Netherlands
A novel method to test for lead contamination in soil around US schools
Creators: name: Garcia, H.
name: Palacio, R.
name: Garcia, H.
name: Palacio, R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Lead
subject: Germination
subject: Growth
subject: Height
subject: Root length
subject: Contamination

description: It has been rumored that soils around schools in the US are contaminated with lead, which is known to be harmful to children, and is known to inhibit plant growth. The purpose of this study is to investigate the growth of plants in soil sampled from US schools to see if decreased plant growth can indicate lead contamination before testing is done. After comparing the time until germination, height, and root length of radishes grown in soil from the surrounding area of the school to that of those grown in uncontaminated soil, we found that radishes grown in soil from schools germinated at a rate 38% slower than radishes grown in uncontaminated soil (HR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.33-1.2, Ptrend = 0.13). The mean radish heights between the two groups were also found to be significantly different (p = 0.12). Decreased plant growth may serve as an indicator for soil contamination before other laboratory tests are done. It is recommended that further testing for lead and other toxins should be conducted on the soil of the surrounding area, and larger studies with multiple species of plants should be conducted to see if these trends could be applied to the general plant population around schools.
Open Science, Open Access, FAIR data
Creators: name: Giglia, Elena
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2020
Subjects: Open Science, Open Access, FAIR data, Data Management Plans

description: Lecture at Seminar (), ; doi:10.5281/ZENODO.3609169
description: Topics: crisis of the current scholarly communication system, the Open alternative, European policies and framework, Open Access in practice, FAIR and Open data, Data Management Plans Version 2: added 2 slides (on scholarly communication tree, student messages) and a figure (on academia gender imbalance)
Migrating from nonfiction to fiction: a practice-led approach drawing on a literary journalist's notional tool-box
Creators: name: Banks, Glenda
name: Andrew, Martin
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This paper reflects on a literary journalist's practice-led approach to migrating from nonfiction to fiction and the decision to situate a narrative about the challenges and achievements of women in Victoria’s mid-19th century goldfields in a novel in the subgenre of historiographic metafiction. It addresses the lacuna in the traditionally masculinised history of the gold rush era, opening a window onto the ‘herstory’ of the period, describing the courage of women who overcame poverty, isolation and the limited gender-based expectations of the time in which they lived to set the pattern for the social infrastructure we take for granted today. The first author’s doctoral novel 'A Respectable Married Woman' embodies this migration and is informed methodologically by both journalistic and creative strategies. The study focuses on the role of site visits in practice-led research as it applies to literary journalism to create a sense of 'being there'. The interlocutory reader (Widdowson 1979) is drawn into a narrative construct which hangs evidence-based ‘fictionised truths’ in a factual framework in order to facilitate a greater understanding of a critical period in the growth of Victoria and, in particular, the contribution of women. Drawing on literary theorists including Hutcheon (1998) and Kundera (2000) and referencing writers Ricketson (2006), Sedgwick (2004) and Quindlen (2004) among others, this paper aims to encourage other nonfiction writers to make use of the literary journalist’s notional ‘tool-box’ to take an imaginative leap into the world of credible historiographic metafiction.
Psychology of the visual landscape
Creators: name: Jacobs, Maarten
Publisher: name: Research in Urbanism Series
Year: 2011

description: While environmental psychology is a leading discipline in the study of human responses to the visual landscape, various other disciplines contribute to our understanding of the psychological reception of landscape as well, such as human geography, leisure sciences and sociology. Despite the disciplinary differences, all approaches share two core assumptions: (1) the way people experience landscape is influenced but not determined by physical landscape attributes, a complex mental process of information reception and processing mediates between the physical landscape and the mental landscape, and (2) various factors can exercise influence on this mental process, to be divided into biological, cultural and individual factors. This article presents an overview of the various disciplinary approaches to psychological responses to landscape, with a focus on the predominant psychological phenomena under study, the theoretical perspectives, and the factors that are stressed to explain psychological dispositions related to landscape. Within this overview, also the Dutch contributions to the study of landscape perception and experience will be emphasized. The article concludes with a discussion that stresses how knowledge produced within these approaches may be useful within various stages of planning and design processes in general, and which approaches are most promising to inform GIS that support landscape policy and planning in particular.
description: Research in Urbanism Series, Vol. 2 (2011): Exploring the Visual Landscape: Advances in physiognomic landscape research in the Netherlands
Numerical Modelling of van der Waals Fluids
Creators: name: Odeyemi, Tinuade A.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2012
Subjects: Numerical modelling
liquid-vapour flows
hyperbolic-elliptic
numerical oscillations
non-convex
Chebyshev pseudospectral method

description: Many problems in fluid mechanics and material sciences deal with liquid-vapour flows. In these flows, the ideal gas assumption is not accurate and the van der Waals equation of state is usually used. This equation of state is non-convex and causes the solution domain to have two hyperbolic regions separated by an elliptic region. Therefore, the governing equations of these flows have a mixed elliptic-hyperbolic nature. Numerical oscillations usually appear with standard finite-difference space discretization schemes, and they persist when the order of accuracy of the semi-discrete scheme is increased. In this study, we propose to use a Chebyshev pseudospectral method for solving the governing equations. A comparison of the results of this method with very high-order (up to tenth-order accurate) finite difference schemes is presented, which shows that the proposed method leads to a lower level of numerical oscillations than other high-order finite difference schemes, and also does not exhibit fast-traveling packages of short waves which are usually observed in high-order finite difference methods. The proposed method can thus successfully capture various complex regimes of waves and phase transitions in both elliptic and hyperbolic regimes
Persistente Identifikatoren für Open Science: ORCID
Creators: name: Marín-Arraiza, Paloma
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2020
Subjects: ORCID
Open Researcher and Contributor ID
ORCID DE
Autorenidentifikation
PID
Persistent Identifier
Open Science

description: Lecture at Seminar (), ; doi:10.5281/ZENODO.4032655
description: 'Persistente Identifikatoren für Open Science' - Workshop auf den Open-Access-Tagen 2020 am Mittwoch, 16. September 2020, von 9:15–10:45 Uhr; Organisiert von ORCID DE und ORCID. Impulsvortrag 1
Persistente Identifikatoren für Open Science: OpenAIRE
Creators: name: Schirrwagen, Jochen
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2020
Subjects: ORCID
Open Researcher and Contributor ID
ORCID DE
Autorenidentifikation
PID
Persistent Identifier
Open Science

description: Lecture at Seminar (), ; doi:10.5281/ZENODO.4032777
description: 'Persistente Identifikatoren für Open Science' - Workshop auf den Open-Access-Tagen 2020 am Mittwoch, 16. September 2020, von 9:15–10:45 Uhr; Organisiert von ORCID DE und ORCID. Impulsvortrag 4
Contribution of organic toxicants to multiple stress in river ecosystems
Creators: name: Gergs, René
name: Schäfer, Ralf B.
name: Kuehn, Bernhard
name: Malaj, Egina
name: Sahm, René
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Globale Veränderung
Flächennutzung

description: River ecosystems are threatened by multiple stressors, including habitat degradation, pollution and invasive species. However, freshwater ecologists have largely disregarded the contribution of toxicants to stress in rivers, whereas ecotoxicologists have primarily examined toxicant effects in artificial systems. As a result, there is a paucity of information on the co-occurrence of organic toxicants with other stressors and on the relative importance of toxicants for overall ecological risk in rivers. We used monitoring data for German rivers to analyse the individual and joint occurrence of four stressors: habitat degradation, invasive species, nutrient pollution and organic toxicants. All stressors were examined for ecological risks in terms of whether they exceeded low- and high-risk thresholds derived from published studies and regulatory thresholds. Nutrients and habitat degradation exceeded low and high risk thresholds at c. 85% of the sites and invasive species and organic toxicants at c. 50% of the sites. At least one stressor exceeded thresholds at all sites for which data on all four stressors were available. Toxicity showed weak positive correlations with nutrients and habitat degradation (0.2 < Spearman's ? < 0.34, 0.009 < P < 0.08). The risks of ecological effects arising from habitat degradation and invasive species were higher in lowland rivers, particularly for invasive species. Our assessment shows that organic toxicants contribute notably to risks of ecological effects in rivers, to a similar extent as invasive species, although habitat degradation and nutrients are the dominant stressors. Exposure to multiple stressors is the typical situation prevailing in rivers. Consequently, mitigation measures focusing on individual stressors may not be effective at reducing ecological risks. This suggests that integrating concepts and data from freshwater ecology and ecotoxicology is essential to meet the challenge of managing multiple stressors in river ecosystems. Quelle: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/
The diabolic highway
Creators: name: Van Winden, Wilfried
Publisher: name: Research in Urbanism Series
Year: 2015

description: The highways of the Netherlands are used intensively, yet most of us are unable to summon up as much appreciation for them as we can for an attractive square, park or landscape. Highways may well be component parts of our public space, but they are not part of our aesthetic culture. From the history of the landscape we know that the impressionability of the poet and the depiction of the painting were needed to train the gaze. Appreciation follows representation. Is there a schematic organisation of visual perception that could assume the role of yesteryear’s landscape painting in the present day? Here and there voices tenaciously proclaim that no aesthetic principles are applied in the laying of highways in the Netherlands, and that the road is purely the product of the art of engineering and the immanent logic of its technology. In the essay this myth is unmasked and brings an almost forgotten dimension into the limelight: the aesthetic design. Immediately after the Second World War, the engineer K.E. Huizinga explicitly gave shape to an aesthetic theory for the highway. So the design of highways in the Netherlands does indeed boast an aesthetic tradition of no small measure. Therein Huizinga’s ‘spatially expressive approach’, the Dutch heir of the parkway and the Autobahn, has proven to be the leitmotif that courses from the beginnings right through to the present day. The parkway has found its counterpart in terms of landscape in the autonomous motorway. Aesthetic as well as sublime ideals of beauty are, however, carried to the grave by the urban counterpart, the highway in the big city: the Diabolical Highway. Take, for example, the Boulevard Périphérique in Paris, which is a Diabolical Highway without compare. We cast our minds back to Siegfried Giedion. The parkway, his parkway, as the backbone of a new city planning, gives the motorist the uplifting feeling of rust calm and freedom. The Diabolical Highway is, however, anything but that. There is no calm rust and everything is coincidental. They are roads in overly tight spaces, hectic experiences, but also metropolitan experiences. The essay makes a distinction between three types of highway, each of which is elucidated by an example: the parkway, the autonomous motorway and the diabolical highway. Thus in the design of the urban highway lies the greatest challenge, and as yet few principles have been devised for it.
description: Research in Urbanism Series, Vol. 3 (2015): Flowscapes: Designing infrastructure as landscape
Open Science Framework: Nástroj otevřené vědy
Creators: name: Urban, Jan
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2021
Subjects: open science
Open Science Framework
OSF

description: Lecture at Seminar (), ; doi:10.5281/ZENODO.4534225
description: Prezentace přednášky ze školení 'Open science: od dat k publikování'. Pořadatel: Centrum pro podporu open science, Univerzita Karlova Stránky akce: https://openscience.cuni.cz/OSCI-117.html Záznam přednášky:  https://youtu.be/ihxhn-CIf5Q