cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Simulation of the Sedimentology of Sediment Detention Basins
Creators: name: Ward, A. J.
name: Haan, C. T.
name: Barfield, B. J.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University of Kentucky
Year: 1977

description: Abstract:
Sediment detention basins are a widely used means of controlling downstream sediment pollution resulting from stripmining and construction activities. A mathematical model for describing the sedimentation characteristics of detention basins has been developed. This model requires as inputs the inflow hydrograph, inflow sediment graph, sediment particle size distribution, detention basin stage-area relationship and detention basin stage-discharge relationship. Based on this information the model routes the water and sediment through the basin. In this routing process the outflow sediment concentration graph, the pattern of sediment deposition in the basin and the sediment trapping efficiency are estimated. Comparison of predicted results with measured sediment basin performance indicates the model accurately represents the sedimentation process in detention basins.
This report details the model, illustrates its use in design, explains how to process the model on a digital computer and presents a program listing of the model.
Funding information: The work on which this report is based was supported in part by the Kentucky Agricultural Experiment Station and by funds provided by the Office of Water Research and Technology, The United States Department of the Interior as authorized under the Water Resources Act of 1964, Public Law 88-379, as amended.
Bilayer Graphene Growth via a Penetration Mechanism
Creators: name: Wu, Ping
name: Zhai, Xiaofang
name: Li, Zhenyu
name: Yang, Jinlong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From both fundamental and technical points of view, a precise control of the layer number of graphene samples is very important. To reach this goal, atomic scale mechanisms of multilayer graphene growth on metal surfaces should be understood. Although it is a geometrically favorable pathway to transport carbon species to interface and then form a new graphene layer there, penetration of a graphene overlayer is not a chemically straightforward process. In this study, the possibility of different active species to penetrate a graphene overlayer on Cu(111) surface is investigated based on first principles calculations. It is found that carbon atom penetration can be realized via an atom exchange process, which leads to a new graphene growth mechanism. Based on this result, a bilayer graphene growth protocol is proposed to obtain high quality samples. Such a penetration possibility also provides a great flexibility for designed growth of graphene nanostructures.
description: J. Phys. Chem. C accepted
Stochastic virtual element methods for uncertainty propagation of stochastic linear elasticity
Creators: name: Zheng, Zhibao
name: Nackenhorst, Udo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents stochastic virtual element methods for propagating uncertainty in linear elastic stochastic problems. We first derive stochastic virtual element equations for 2D and 3D linear elastic problems that may involve uncertainties in material properties, external forces, etc. A stochastic virtual element space that couples the deterministic virtual element space and the stochastic space is constructed for this purpose and used to approximate the unknown stochastic solution. Two numerical frameworks are then developed to solve the derived stochastic virtual element equations, including a Polynomial Chaos approximation based approach and a weakly intrusive approximation based approach. In the PC based framework, the stochastic solution is approximated using the Polynomial Chaos basis and solved via an augmented deterministic virtual element equation that is generated by applying the stochastic Galerkin procedure to the original stochastic virtual element equation. In the weakly intrusive approximation based framework, the stochastic solution is approximated by a summation of a set of products of random variables and deterministic vectors, where the deterministic vectors are solved via converting the original stochastic problem to deterministic virtual element equations by the stochastic Galerkin approach, and the random variables are solved via converting the original stochastic problem to one-dimensional stochastic algebraic equations by the classical Galerkin procedure. This method avoids the curse of dimensionality of high-dimensional stochastic problems successfully since all random inputs are embedded into one-dimensional stochastic algebraic equations whose computational effort weakly depends on the stochastic dimension. Numerical results on 2D and 3D problems with low- and high-dimensional random inputs demonstrate the good performance of the proposed methods.
Thematically Reinforced Explicit Semantic Analysis
Creators: name: Haralambous, Yannis
name: Klyuev, Vitaly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T50

description: We present an extended, thematically reinforced version of Gabrilovich and Markovitch's Explicit Semantic Analysis (ESA), where we obtain thematic information through the category structure of Wikipedia. For this we first define a notion of categorical tfidf which measures the relevance of terms in categories. Using this measure as a weight we calculate a maximal spanning tree of the Wikipedia corpus considered as a directed graph of pages and categories. This tree provides us with a unique path of "most related categories" between each page and the top of the hierarchy. We reinforce tfidf of words in a page by aggregating it with categorical tfidfs of the nodes of these paths, and define a thematically reinforced ESA semantic relatedness measure which is more robust than standard ESA and less sensitive to noise caused by out-of-context words. We apply our method to the French Wikipedia corpus, evaluate it through a text classification on a 37.5 MB corpus of 20 French newsgroups and obtain a precision increase of 9-10% compared with standard ESA.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, presented at CICLing 2013
A fast method of reionization parameter space exploration using GPR trained SCRIPT
Creators: name: Maity, Barun
name: Paranjape, Aseem
name: Choudhury, Tirthankar Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient exploration of parameter spaces is crucial to extract physical information about the Epoch of Reionization from various observational probes. To this end, we propose a fast technique based on Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) training applied to a semi-numerical photon-conserving reionization model, SCRIPT. Our approach takes advantage of the numerical convergence properties of SCRIPT and constructs a training set based on low-cost, coarse-resolution simulations. A likelihood emulator is then trained using this set to produce results in approximately two orders of magnitude less computational time than a full MCMC run, while still generating reasonable 68% and 95% confidence contours. Furthermore, we conduct a forecasting study using simulated data to demonstrate the applicability of this technique. This method is particularly useful when full MCMC analysis is not feasible due to expensive likelihood computations.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The chemical composition of the Sun from helioseismic and solar neutrino data
Creators: name: Villante, F. L.
name: Serenelli, A. M.
name: Delahaye, F.
name: Pinsonneault, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a quantitative analysis of the solar composition problem by using a statistical approach that allows us to combine the information provided by helioseimic and solar neutrino data in an effective way. We include in our analysis the helioseismic determinations of the surface helium abundance and of the depth of the convective envelope, the measurements of the $^7{\rm Be}$ and $^8{\rm B}$ neutrino fluxes, the sound speed profile inferred from helioseismic frequencies. We provide all the ingredients to describe how these quantities depend on the solar surface composition and to evaluate the (correlated) uncertainties in solar model predictions. We include errors sources that are not traditionally considered such as those from inversion of helioseismic data. We, then, apply the proposed approach to infer the chemical composition of the Sun. We show that the opacity profile of the Sun is well constrained by the solar observational properties. In the context of a two parameter analysis in which elements are grouped as volatiles (i.e. C, N, O and Ne) and refractories (i.e Mg, Si, S, Fe), the optimal composition is found by increasing the the abundance of volatiles by $\left( 45\pm 4\right)\%$ and that of refractories by $\left( 19\pm 3\right)\%$ with respect to the values provided by AGSS09. This corresponds to the abundances $\varepsilon_{\rm O}=8.85\pm 0.01$ and $\varepsilon_{\rm Fe}=7.52\pm0.01$. As an additional result of our analysis, we show that the observational data prefer values for the input parameters of the standard solar models (radiative opacities, gravitational settling rate, the astrophysical factors $S_{34}$ and $S_{17}$) that differ at the $\sim 1σ$ level from those presently adopted.
description: 26 pages
title: The Role of the Gastrointestinal Tract Microbiota in Colonisation Resistance Against Common Enteric Pathogens in Malawian Children
Creators: name: Chunga, Angeziwa
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2022

description: Introduction: Gut microbiota disruption during early life has immediate and long-term impact on host health. Early feeding habits and pathogen exposure are important factors that can cause gut microbiota disruption. This study aimed to describe the role of gut microbiota in controlling enteric pathogens that Malawian children are exposed to, and to characterise and explore anti-infective properties of Bifidobacterium isolated from Malawian infants against Salmonella Typhimurium. Methods: The study used an enteric Taqman Array Card to detect pathogens that Malawian children aged 6 to 18 months are exposed to, 16S rRNA sequencing for microbiota profiling, whole-genome sequencing to characterise Bifidobacterium and in vitro competitive assay to explore anti-infective properties of the Malawi Bifidobacterium against an invasive Salmonella typhimurium strain. Results: The study has demonstrated that healthy Malawian children are exposed to multiple enteric pathogens that are mostly not associated with clinical symptoms. Apart from Giardia, EAEC and B. fragilis, most of these pathogens do not affect gut microbiota composition. In addition, the data demonstrate that Bifidobacterium is predominant in Malawian children, especially those that are exclusively breastfeeding. Malawian breastfeeding infants are predominantly colonised by Bifidobacterium longum possessing a wide range of human milk oligosaccharide digesting genes. Exploratory data show that Malawian Bifidobacterium strains possess anti-infective properties against Salmonella Typhimurium. Conclusion: Malawian children are asymptomatically exposed to multiple enteric pathogens that may affect gut microbiota composition. Bifidobacterium from Malawian breastfeeding infants possess HMOs that may be important for colonisation resistance against important enteric pathogens.
Rational extensions of the Dunkl oscillator in the plane and exceptional orthogonal polynomials
Creators: name: Quesne, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that rational extensions of the isotropic Dunkl oscillator in the plane can be obtained by adding some terms either to the radial equation or to the angular one obtained in the polar coordinates approach. In the former case, the isotropic harmonic oscillator is replaced by an isotropic anharmonic one, whose wavefunctions are expressed in terms of $X_m$-Laguerre exceptional orthogonal polynomials. In the latter, it becomes an anisotropic potential, whose explicit form has been found in the simplest case associated with $X_1$-Jacobi exceptional orthogonal polynomials.
description: 11 pages, no figure; minor changes, published version
Dispersive readout of a silicon quantum device using an atomic force microscope-based rf gate sensor
Creators: name: Denisov, Artem O.
name: Fuchs, Gordian
name: Oh, Seong W.
name: Petta, Jason R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate dispersive charge sensing of Si/SiGe single and double quantum dots (DQD) by coupling sub-micron floating gates to a radio frequency reflectometry (rf-reflectometry) circuit using the tip of an atomic force microscope (AFM). Charge stability diagrams are obtained in the phase response of the reflected rf signal. We demonstrate single-electron dot-to-lead and dot-to-dot charge transitions with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 2 and integration time of $τ~=~2.7~\mathrm{ms}$ and $τ~=~6.4~\mathrm{ms}$, respectively. The charge sensing SNR compares favorably with results obtained on conventional devices. Moreover, the small size of the floating gates largely eliminates the coupling to parasitic charge traps that can complicate the interpretation of the dispersive charge sensing data.
The Z(4430) and a New Paradigm for Spin Interactions in Tetraquarks
Creators: name: Maiani, L.
name: Piccinini, F.
name: Polosa, A. D.
name: Riquer, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the recent confirmation of the Z+(4430) resonance with J^{PG}=1^{++}, we have re-examined the model of S- and P-wave tetraquarks. We propose a `type-II' diquark-antidiquark model which shows to be very effective at producing a simple and comprehensive picture of the J^{PG}=1^{++} and 1^{--} sectors of the recently discovered charged tetraquarks and of the observed Y resonances. The model is still faced with the unresolved difficulty of explaining why some states seem to have incomplete isospin multiplets.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure, comments added, typos corrected, to appear in Phys Rev D
Persistent charge and spin currents in the long wavelength regime for graphene rings
Creators: name: Bolivar, Nelson
name: Medina, Ernesto
name: Berche, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the problem of persistent charge and spin currents on a Corbino disk built from a graphene sheet. We consistently derive the Hamiltonian including kinetic, intrinsic (ISO) and Rashba spin-orbit interactions in cylindrical coordinates. The Hamiltonian is carefully considered to reflect hermiticity and covariance. We compute the energy spectrum and the corresponding eigenfunctions separately for the intrinsic and Rashba spin-orbit interactions. In order to determine the charge persistent currents we use the spectrum equilibrium linear response definition. We also determine the spin and pseudo spin polarizations associated with such equilibrium currents. For the intrinsic case one can also compute the correct currents by applying the bare velocity operator to the ISO wavefunctions or alternatively the ISO group velocity operator to the free wavefunctions. Charge currents for both SO couplings are maximal in the vicinity of half integer flux quanta. Such maximal currents are protected from thermal effects because contributing levels plunge ($\sim$1K) into the Fermi sea at half integer flux values. Such a mechanism, makes them observable at readily accessible temperatures. Spin currents only arise for the Rashba coupling, due to the spin symmetry of the ISO spectrum. For the Rashba coupling, spin currents are cancelled at half integer fluxes but they remain finite in the vicinity, and the same scenario above protects spin currents.
An $\infty$-categorical approach to $R$-line bundles, $R$-module Thom spectra, and twisted $R$-homology
Creators: name: Ando, Matthew
name: Blumberg, Andrew J.
name: Gepner, David
name: Hopkins, Michael J.
name: Rezk, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop a generalization of the theory of Thom spectra using the language of infinity categories. This treatment exposes the conceptual underpinnings of the Thom spectrum functor: we use a new model of parametrized spectra, and our definition is motivated by the geometric definition of Thom spectra of May-Sigurdsson. For an associative ring spectrum $R$, we associate a Thom spectrum to a map of infinity categories from the infinity groupoid of a space $X$ to the infinity category of free rank one $R$-modules, which we show is a model for $BGL_1 R$; we show that $BGL_1 R$ classifies homotopy sheaves of rank one $R$-modules, which we call $R$-line bundles. We use our $R$-module Thom spectrum to define the twisted $R$-homology and cohomology of an $R$-line bundle over a space $X$, classified by a map from $X$ to $BGL_1 R$, and we recover the generalized theory of orientations in this context. In order to compare this approach to the classical theory, we characterize the Thom spectrum functor axiomatically, from the perspective of Morita theory. An earlier version of this paper was part of arXiv:0810.4535.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:0810.4535
Constraining gravitational wave amplitude birefringence with GWTC-3
Creators: name: Ng, Thomas C. K.
name: Isi, Maximiliano
name: Wong, Kaze W. K.
name: Farr, Will M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of gravitational waves can reveal fundamental features of the structure of spacetime. For instance, differences in the propagation of gravitational-wave polarizations would be a smoking gun for parity violations in the gravitational sector, as expected from birefringent theories like Chern-Simons gravity. Here we look for evidence of amplitude birefringence in the third catalog of detections by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory and Virgo through the use of birefringent templates inspired by dynamical Chern-Simons gravity. From $71$ binary-black-hole signals, we obtain the most precise constraints on gravitational-wave amplitude birefringence yet, measuring a birefringent attenuation of $κ= -0.019^{+0.038}_{-0.029} \, \mathrm{Gpc}^{-1}$ at $100 \, \mathrm{Hz}$ with $90\%$ credibility, equivalent to a parity-violation energy scale of $M_{\rm PV} \gtrsim 6.8 \times 10^{-21}\, {\rm GeV}$.
Comments on Observables for Identity-Based Marginal Solutions in Berkovits' Superstring Field Theory
Creators: name: Kishimoto, Isao
name: Takahashi, Tomohiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an analytic solution for tachyon condensation around identity-based marginal solutions in Berkovits' WZW-like open superstring field theory. Using this, which is a kind of wedge-based solution, the gauge invariant overlaps for the identity-based marginal solutions can be calculated analytically. This is a straightforward extension of a method in bosonic string field theory, which has been elaborated by the authors, to superstring. We also comment on a gauge equivalence relation between the tachyon vacuum solution and its marginally deformed one. From this viewpoint, we can find the vacuum energy of the identity-based marginal solutions to be zero, which agrees with the previous result as a consequence of $ξ$ zero mode counting.
description: 16 pages
‘It’s more than just a running leg’: a qualitative study of running-specific prosthesis use by children and youth with lower limb absence
Creators: name: Hadj-Moussa, Firdous
name: Zahid, Hafsa B.
name: Wright, F. Virginia
name: Kelland, Kerri
name: Andrysek, Jan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of running-specific prostheses (RSPs) by children with lower limb absence (LLA) along with the benefits and challenges of RSPs. In this descriptive qualitative study, eight children (ages 8–20 years) and their parents participated in semi-structured interviews. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed. Coded data were the foundation for central theme development. Three main themes were generated. “Run faster, jump higher, do more” (the benefits of RSP use), “Every leg serves its purpose” (comparing functionality between daily use prostheses and RSPs), and “A lot more to think about” (additional considerations with RSP use). RSPs have a positive impact in promoting children’s engagement in sports and physical activities. While some children used their RSP primarily for running, others wore it for a broader range of physical activities. Issues with balance and discomfort caused by leg length discrepancies and/or ill-fitting sockets limited daily wear time. Limitations related to current RSP designs and clinical implementation should be addressed to optimize the functional potential of children with unilateral or bilateral LLA.Implications for rehabilitationRunning-specific prostheses (RSPs) positively impacted children’s ability to participate in some sports with peers promoting their physical and social well-being.The main issues that children faced were discomfort, difficulty balancing, and inability to use RSPs for certain sports, while parents’ issues focused on supporting prosthesis use and transport, and adjustments of different prostheses to keep up with their child’s growth.Clinicians should be aware of the challenges of RSP use to best support children and their families.Designers should focus on addressing limitations with current RSPs to facilitate the diverse needs of pediatric users. Running-specific prostheses (RSPs) positively impacted children’s ability to participate in some sports with peers promoting their physical and social well-being. The main issues that children faced were discomfort, difficulty balancing, and inability to use RSPs for certain sports, while parents’ issues focused on supporting prosthesis use and transport, and adjustments of different prostheses to keep up with their child’s growth. Clinicians should be aware of the challenges of RSP use to best support children and their families. Designers should focus on addressing limitations with current RSPs to facilitate the diverse needs of pediatric users.
Klimaschutz und Versorgung mit Rohstoffen, Zugang zu internationalen Absatzmärkten angesichts des Russland-Ukraine-Kriegs
Creators: name: Frenz, Walter
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2023

description: Sitzung des Fachausschusses für Lagerstätten- und Rohstoffwirtschaft, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany, 1 Jun 2022 - 2 Jun 2022; 10 Folien (2023).
Being a parent of a child with Down’s arthritis: an interpretative phenomenological analysis
Creators: name: McDonagh, Kelly
name: McGuire, Brian E.
name: Durand, Hannah
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: To explore the parental impact and experiences of caring for a child with Down’s arthritis (DA), an aggressive, erosive form of arthritis affecting children with Down syndrome. Ten mothers of children with DA were interviewed via telephone. Interviews were guided using a semi-structured non-directive topic guide and ranged from 17 to 242 minutes in duration. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was the method of analysis. Three superordinate themes were identified: “Struggle for Help,” “Mothers Know Best,” and “Daily Impacts.” Common challenges included issues around child pain, communication, and challenges in accessing diagnoses and relevant healthcare services. Parents portrayed a reality characterised by ongoing struggles, particularly parents of nonverbal children and those living further from paediatric rheumatology services. Connecting with other parents of children with DA provided a vital source of emotional and informational support. Findings provide novel insight into the experience of being mother of a child with DA, highlighting regional healthcare disparities, the need for upskilling of healthcare professionals, and for increased public awareness. Further research is needed to better understand the impact of DA on fathers and siblings. Findings can contribute to development and provision of supports to children with DA and their families.Implications for RehabilitationHealthcare professionals need to be upskilled in the treatment of, and communication with, children with Down syndrome with chronic illnesses and their families.A specialised stream of care for children with Down’s arthritis (DA) within paediatric rheumatology services may facilitate timely diagnosis and treatment and minimise risk of future complications.Formalised support services for children with DA and their families are needed to minimise emotional distress. Healthcare professionals need to be upskilled in the treatment of, and communication with, children with Down syndrome with chronic illnesses and their families. A specialised stream of care for children with Down’s arthritis (DA) within paediatric rheumatology services may facilitate timely diagnosis and treatment and minimise risk of future complications. Formalised support services for children with DA and their families are needed to minimise emotional distress.
Bifurcation and Global Dynamical Behavior of the $f(T)$ Theory
Creators: name: Feng, Chao-Jun
name: Li, Xin-Zhou
name: Liu, Li-Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Usually, in order to investigate the evolution of a theory, one may find the critical points of the system and then perform perturbations around these critical points to see whether they are stable or not. This local method is very useful when the initial values of the dynamical variables are not far away from the critical points. Essentially, the nonlinear effects are totally neglected in such kind of approach. Therefore, one can not tell whether the dynamical system will evolute to the stable critical points or not when the initial values of the variables do not close enough to these critical points. Furthermore, when there are two or more stable critical points in the system, local analysis can not provide the informations that which one the system will finally evolute to. In this paper, we have further developed the nullcline method to study the bifurcation phenomenon and global dynamical behaviour of the $f(T)$ theory. We overcome the shortcoming of local analysis. And it is very clear to see the evolution of the system under any initial conditions.
description: 17pages, 9figures
Complex refractive index measurements of Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) over the UV-VIS-NIR region
Creators: name: Hong, Pham Thi
name: Nguyen, Hung Q.
name: Nghiem, H. T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA, is a popular polymer for optical applications due to its superior transmission and reflection. However, its optical properties in the ultraviolet regime still need to be thoroughly studied. Using the reflection-transmission method, we determine its complex refractive index by numerically analyzing the measured data from thin films. The PMMA standalone film is fabricated by peeling off its substrate after spin-coating. Its transmittance and reflectance are then measured in a spectrophotometer using an integrated sphere. The complex refractive index $n+ik$ is extracted theoretically from the measured transmittance $T$ and reflectance $R$. The uncertainties of measured $n$ and $k$ are discussed in the two limits of strong absorption and weak absorption of the materials to illustrate the advantage and disadvantages of the approach.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Tools for NLO automation: extension of the golem95C integral library
Creators: name: Guillet, J. Ph.
name: Heinrich, G.
name: von Soden-Fraunhofen, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an extension of the program golem95C for the numerical evaluation of scalar integrals and tensor form factors entering the calculation of one-loop amplitudes, which supports tensor ranks exceeding the number of propagators. This extension allows various applications in Beyond the Standard Model physics and effective theories, for example higher ranks due to propagators of spin two particles, or due to effective vertices. Complex masses are also supported. The program is not restricted to the Feynman diagrammatic approach, as it also contains routines to interface to unitarity-inspired numerical reconstruction of the integrand at the tensorial level. Therefore it can serve as a general integral library in automated programs to calculate one-loop amplitudes.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure, the program can be downloaded from http://golem.hepforge.org/95/. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1101.5595
Cертифікати про онлайн-навчання «Перша домедична підготовка в умовах війни»
Creators: name: О.С., Шевченко
name: В.В., Шевченко
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Certificates
first pre-medical aid
сертифікати
перша домедична підготовка

description: Cертифікати про навчання на онлайн-курсі NovaUkraine/FAST.Prometeus «Перша домедична підготовка в умовах війни» від 05.03.2023 (0,5 кредити ЄКТС = 15 годин). Програма курсу Certificates of training on the NovaUkraine/FAST.Prometeus online course "First pre-medical aid in war conditions" on 05 Mar 2023 (0.5 ECTS credits = 15 hours). Course program
Incommensurate Short-Range Order in $S=1$ Triangular Lattice Ising Antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Tomita, Yusuke
name: Žukovič, Milan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the $S = 1$ triangular lattice Ising antiferromagnet by Monte Carlo simulations. Frustrations between a major antiferromagnetic third-neighbor interaction $J_3$ and a minor ferromagnetic nearest-neighbor interaction $J_1$ cause incommensurate short-range orders at intermediate temperatures. At low temperatures (below $T/J_3 \lesssim 0.2$ for $J_1/J_3 = -1/3$), the system exhibits fourfold periodic ordered state. In the short-range order phase, the system shows a glassy two-step relaxation. We demonstrate that the features of the short-range order are attributed to the cooperation between the frustrations and the nonmagnetic Ising spin states which is a particular feature of the integer spin systems.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Correlation-enhanced interaction of a Bose-Einstein condensate with parametric magnon pairs and virtual magnons
Creators: name: L'vov, Victor S.
name: Pomyalov, Anna
name: Bozhko, Dmytro A.
name: Hillebrands, Burkard
name: Serga, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear interactions are crucial in science and engineering. Here, we investigate wave interactions in a highly nonlinear magnetic system driven by parametric pumping leading to Bose--Einstein condensation of spin-wave quanta -- magnons. Using Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy in yttrium-iron garnet films, we found and identified a set of nonlinear processes resulting in off-resonant spin-wave excitations -- virtual magnons. In particular, we discovered a dynamically-strong, correlation-enhanced four-wave interaction process of the magnon condensate with pairs of parametric magnons having opposite wavevectors and fully correlated phases.
Self-management programmes for adult patients with bronchiectasis: a systematic review and realist synthesis
Creators: name: Tsang, Anthony
name: Lynes, Dave
name: McKenzie, Hayley
name: Spencer, Sally
name: Kelly, Carol
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Self-management for patients with bronchiectasis has been identified as an important component that could potentially empower patients to manage their condition and improve their quality of life. Evidence was reviewed to investigate what self-management programmes work, why and in what circumstances. A systematic review and realist synthesis were conducted. A comprehensive database search was performed on seven databases for evidence published up to July 2021. Leading candidate self-management programmes identified from the systematic review became the focus of the realist synthesis. A realist logic of analysis was applied to produce explanatory context-mechanism-outcome configurations. These explanations were consolidated into programme theories drawing on health behaviour change theory. By synthesising the data from eight eligible articles, programme theories articulated how three different self-management programmes work that included: (i) education and action planning, (ii) education and airway clearance techniques (ACT) and, (iii) education, exercise and ACT. Patient characteristics and collaborative partnership between healthcare professionals and patients were identified as important contexts that influenced the improvement in self-efficacy, health-related quality of life, and exercise capacity. This review contributes to a better understanding of how the complex interaction between contexts and mechanisms can improve outcomes of clinical interest.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONThis evidence synthesis has identified potentially important combinations of interventions to be considered in self-management programmes for adults with bronchiectasis.Collaborative partnership between patient and healthcare professionals should be considered to improve short-term self-efficacy.Targeting self-management programmes to increase short-term health-related quality of life and exercise capacity should consider the context of patient characteristics. This evidence synthesis has identified potentially important combinations of interventions to be considered in self-management programmes for adults with bronchiectasis. Collaborative partnership between patient and healthcare professionals should be considered to improve short-term self-efficacy. Targeting self-management programmes to increase short-term health-related quality of life and exercise capacity should consider the context of patient characteristics.
Probabilistic forecast of nonlinear dynamical systems with uncertainty quantification
Creators: name: Gu, Mengyang
name: Lin, Yizi
name: Lee, Victor Chang
name: Qiu, Diana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data-driven modeling is useful for reconstructing nonlinear dynamical systems when the underlying process is unknown or too expensive to compute. Having reliable uncertainty assessment of the forecast enables tools to be deployed to predict new scenarios unobserved before. In this work, we first extend parallel partial Gaussian processes for predicting the vector-valued transition function that links the observations between the current and next time points, and quantify the uncertainty of predictions by posterior sampling. Second, we show the equivalence between the dynamic mode decomposition and the maximum likelihood estimator of the linear mapping matrix in the linear state space model. The connection provides a {probabilistic generative} model of dynamic mode decomposition and thus, uncertainty of predictions can be obtained. Furthermore, we draw close connections between different data-driven models for approximating nonlinear dynamics, through a unified view of generative models. We study two numerical examples, where the inputs of the dynamics are assumed to be known in the first example and the inputs are unknown in the second example. The examples indicate that uncertainty of forecast can be properly quantified, whereas model or input misspecification can degrade the accuracy of uncertainty quantification.
Vortex wake patterns in superfluid $^{4}He$
Creators: name: Kolomeisky, Eugene B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excitations in the form of quantized vortex rings are known to exist in superfluid $^{4}He$ at energies and momenta exceeding those of the Landau phonon-roton spectrum. They form a vortex branch of elementary excitations spectrum which is disconnected from the Landau spectrum. Interference of vortex ring excitations determines wake patterns due to uniformly traveling sources in bulk superfluid at low speeds and pressures. The dispersion law of these excitations resembles that of gravity waves on deep water with infrared wave number cutoff. As a result, vortex wake patterns featuring elements of the Kelvin ship wake are predicted. Specifically, at lowest speeds the pattern with fully developed transverse and diverging wavefronts is present. At intermediate speeds transverse wavefronts are absent within a cone whose opening angle increases with the source velocity. At largest speeds only diverging wavefronts confined within a cone whose opening angle decreases with the source velocity are found. When experimentally observed, these changes in appearance of wake patterns serve as indicators of the beginning part of the vortex branch of elementary excitations.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, minor changes, version to be published in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
Companions of Stars: From Other Stars to Brown Dwarfs to Planets: The Discovery of the First Methane Brown Dwarf
Creators: name: Oppenheimer, B. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of the first methane brown dwarf provides a framework for describing the important advances in both fundamental physics and astrophysics that are due to the study of companions of stars. I present a few highlights of the history of this subject along with details of the discovery of the brown dwarf Gliese 229B. The nature of companions of stars is discussed with an attempt to avoid biases induced by anthropocentric nomenclature. With the newer types of remote reconnaissance of nearby stars and their systems of companions, an exciting and perhaps even more profound set of contributions to science is within reach in the near future. This includes an exploration of the diversity of planets in the universe and perhaps soon the first solid evidence for biological activity outside our Solar System.
description: 31 pages, 13 figures
Two-dimensional symbiotic solitons and quantum droplets in a quasi-one-dimensional optical lattice
Creators: name: Al-Marzoug, S. M.
name: Baizakov, B. B.
name: Bahlouli, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symbiotic solitons (SS) and quantum droplets (QD) are self-trapped localized modes emerging in binary Bose-gas mixtures with intra-component repulsion and inter-component attraction. We have shown that two-dimensional SS can be stabilized against collapse or decay by means of a quasi-one-dimensional optical lattice (OL). Mobility of SSs along the free direction of the potential allows us to explore interactions and collisions of SSs moving in the same channel and neighboring channels of the quasi-1D OL. For the case of equal atom numbers in both components of the binary Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) we have developed a variational approach that showed the stability of SS. For parameter settings when the SS stays on the verge of collapse instability, we take into account the Lee-Huang-Yang quantum fluctuations (QF) term in the coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations. Repulsive QF prevents the mean-field collapse and gives rise to the formation of 2D QDs with peculiar properties such as incompressibility and surface tension, which are inherent to liquids. The proposed model of binary BEC loaded in a quasi-1D OL allows us to demonstrate the manifestations of the incompressibility and surface tension of 2D QDs. The formation of QD in imbalanced binary BEC with different numbers of atoms of the components in the presence of a quasi-1D OL has been investigated. The possible application of the proposed model to studies of anisotropic superfluidity is discussed.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
title: Designing for Online Sharing Communities
Creators: name: Windisch, Alexandra
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sharing
subject: Sharing Economy
subject: Collaborative Consumption
subject: Design
subject: HCI

description: Sharing, a consumer behavior as old as mankind, has been revived in the late 2000s in the form of the sharing economy, a term that encapsulates innovative solutions for the sharing of goods and services online and presents an alternative to traditional ways of consumption and ownership. Financial benefits and sustainability are often referred to as reasons for why we share online, but with the rise of commercial platforms like Airbnb and Uber sharing motives are more and more questioned. This popularity of online sharing has been powered by digital technologies. They are the driving force behind this trend providing various opportunities for sharing online and opening new research areas for Human Computer Interaction (HCI).This thesis further examines and questions users' motivations and requirements to sharing and consequently sets up guidelines for the designing of sharing platforms. 15 interviews with users and administrators of three different Vienna based sharing communities provided the basis for analysis. Since the scope of this thesis has been limited to platforms offering the sharing of goods without any compensation the two Facebook groups „Share \& Care Wien“ and „Wien verschenkt“ and the website „myfoodsharing.at“ have been the systems of choice. Although the interaction practices between the Facebook groups and the independent „Foodsharing“ website are rather different, four main reasons for sharing online were identified across all platforms in the course of interview analysis - in particular self interest, idealism, altruism and sociability. These findings revealed that users show different attitudes towards the interaction with the platform and its members depending on their motivations for using the system.Users with certain motivations show specific ways of how they interact with others and the platform. They have therefore specific demands on the system, resulting in the creation of design implications according to these motives. Since users show more than one reason for why they share, along with the design guidelines established in this work design modules can be plugged together to create various platforms for different purposes.
A Guide to Designing Future Ground-based CMB Experiments
Creators: name: Wu, W. L. K.
name: Errard, J.
name: Dvorkin, C.
name: Kuo, C. L.
name: Lee, A. T.
name: McDonald, P.
name: Slosar, A.
name: Zahn, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this follow-up work to the High Energy Physics Community Summer Study 2013 (HEP CSS 2013, a.k.a. Snowmass), we explore the scientific capabilities of a future Stage-IV Cosmic Microwave Background polarization experiment (CMB-S4) under various assumptions on detector count, resolution, and sky coverage. We use the Fisher matrix technique to calculate the expected uncertainties in cosmological parameters in $νΛ$CDM that are especially relevant to the physics of fundamental interactions, including neutrino masses, effective number of relativistic species, dark-energy equation of state, dark-matter annihilation, and inflationary parameters. To further chart the landscape of future cosmology probes, we include forecasted results from the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) signal as measured by DESI to constrain parameters that would benefit from low redshift information. We find the following best 1-sigma constraints: $σ$ constraints: $σ(M_ν)= 15$ meV, $σ(N_{\rm eff})= 0.0156$, Dark energy Figure of Merit = 303, $σ(p_{ann})= 0.00588\times3\times10^{-26}$ cm$^3$/s/GeV, $σ(Ω_K)= 0.00074$, $σ(n_s)= 0.00110$, $σ(α_s)= 0.00145$, and $σ(r)= 0.00009$. We also detail the dependences of the parameter constraints on detector count, resolution, and sky coverage.
description: 24 pages, 13 figures
Transport Capacity of Distributed Wireless CSMA Networks
Creators: name: Yang, Tao
name: Mao, Guoqiang
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Tao, Xiaofeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we study the transport capacity of large multi-hop wireless CSMA networks. Different from previous studies which rely on the use of centralized scheduling algorithm and/or centralized routing algorithm to achieve the optimal capacity scaling law, we show that the optimal capacity scaling law can be achieved using entirely distributed routing and scheduling algorithms. Specifically, we consider a network with nodes Poissonly distributed with unit intensity on a $\sqrt{n}\times\sqrt{n}$ square $B_{n}\subset\Re^{2}$. Furthermore, each node chooses its destination randomly and independently and transmits following a CSMA protocol. By resorting to the percolation theory and by carefully tuning the three controllable parameters in CSMA protocols, i.e. transmission power, carrier-sensing threshold and count-down timer, we show that a throughput of $Θ\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\right)$ is achievable in distributed CSMA networks. Furthermore, we derive the pre-constant preceding the order of the transport capacity by giving an upper and a lower bound of the transport capacity. The tightness of the bounds is validated using simulations.
description: 9 figures, accepted to appear in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications