cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tobacco Use and Suicide Attempt: Longitudinal Analysis with Retrospective Reports
Creators: name: Berlin, Ivan
name: Hakes, Jahn K.
name: Hu, Mei-Chen
name: Covey, Lirio S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Suicidal behavior
Suicide--Risk factors
Tobacco use
Mental health
Public health

description: Background
Suicide has been associated with smoking/tobacco use but its association of and change in smoking/tobacco use status with suicide attempt (SA) is not well established.
Methods
We investigated whether persistent, former tobacco use, initiation, quitting tobacco use, relapse to tobacco use, and DSM-IV nicotine dependence predict independently SA using Wave 1 and 2 data of the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions. Data from 34,653 US adults interviewed at Wave 1 (2001-02) and Wave 2 (2004-05) were analyzed. The main outcome measure was SA between Wave 1 and Wave 2 as reported at Wave 2.
Results
Among the 1,673 respondents reporting lifetime SA at Wave 2, 328 individuals reported SA between Wave 1 and Wave 2. Current and former tobacco use at Wave 1 predicted Wave 2 SA independently of socio-demographic characteristics, psychiatric history, and prior SA (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 1.49; 95% CI: 1.13-1.95, AOR: 1.31; 95% CI:1.01-1.69, respectively versus never tobacco users). The strongest association with SA was observed among former tobacco users who relapsed after Wave 1 (AOR: 4.66; 95% CI: 3.49-6.24) and among tobacco use initiators after Wave 1 (AOR: 3.16; 95% CI: 2.23-4.49). Persistent tobacco use (current tobacco use at both Wave 1 and Wave 2) also had an increased risk of SA (AOR: 1.89; 95% CI: 1.47-2.42). However, former tobacco users in both Waves 1 and 2 did not show a significantly elevated risk for SA in Wave 2 (AOR:1.09, 95% CI: 0.78-1.52) suggesting that the risk resided mainly in Wave 1 former tobacco users who relapsed to tobacco use by Wave 2. DSM-IV nicotine dependence did not predict SA at Wave 2.
Conclusion
In a representative sample of US adults, relapse, tobacco use initiation, and persistent tobacco use, which are amenable to intervention, were associated with risk of SA.
Circular cumulant reductions for macroscopic dynamics of oscillator populations with non-Gaussian noise
Creators: name: Dolmatova, Anastasiya V.
name: Tyulkina, Irina V.
name: Goldobin, Denis S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ the circular cumulant approach to construct a low dimensional description of the macroscopic dynamics of populations of phase oscillators (elements) subject to non-Gaussian white noise. Two-cumulant reduction equations for alpha-stable noises are derived. The implementation of the approach is demonstrated for the case of the Kuramoto ensemble with non-Gaussian noise. The results of direct numerical simulation of the ensemble of N=1500 oscillators and the "exact" numeric solution for the fractional Fokker-Planck equation in the Fourier space are found to be in good agreement with the analytical solutions for two feasible circular cumulant model reductions. We also illustrate that the two-cumulant model reduction is useful for studying the bifurcations of chimera states in hierarchical populations of coupled noisy phase oscillators.
description: 11 pages, 4figures
Detection of hepatitis C virus in the nasal secretions of an intranasal drug-user
Creators: name: McMahon, James
name: Simm, Malgorzata
name: Milano, Danielle
name: Clatts, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Nasal manifestations of general diseases
Hepatitis C
Cytology
Pathology

description: Background: One controversial source of infection for hepatitis C virus (HCV) involves the sharing of contaminated implements, such as straws or spoons, used to nasally inhale cocaine and other powdered drugs. An essential precondition for this mode of transmission is the presence of HCV in the nasal secretions of intranasal drug users. Methods: Blood and nasal secretion samples were collected from five plasma-positive chronic intranasal drug users and tested for HCV RNA using RT-PCR. Results: HCV was detected in all five blood samples and in the nasal secretions of the subject with the highest serum viral load. Conclusions: This study is the first to demonstrate the presence of HCV in nasal secretions. This finding has implications for potential transmission of HCV through contact with contaminated nasal secretions.
A direct view at excess electrons in TiO$_2$ rutile and anatase
Creators: name: Setvin, Martin
name: Franchini, Cesare
name: Hao, Xianfeng
name: Schmid, Michael
name: Janotti, Anderson
name: Kaltak, Merzuk
name: Van de Walle, Chris
name: Kresse, Georg
name: Diebold, Ulrike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A combination of Scanning Tunneling Microscopy/Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory (DFT+U) is used to characterize excess electrons in TiO$_2$ rutile and anatase, two prototypical materials with identical chemical composition but different crystal lattices. In rutile, excess electrons can localize at any lattice Ti atom, forming a small polaron, which can easily hop to neighboring sites. In contrast, electrons in anatase prefer a free-carrier state, and can only be trapped near oxygen vacancies or form shallow donor states bound to Nb dopants. The present study conclusively explains the differences between the two polymorphs and indicates that even small structural variations in the crystal lattice can lead to a very different behavior.
Intronic small nucleolar RNAs regulate host gene splicing through base pairing with their adjacent intronic sequences
Creators: name: Bergeron, Danny
name: Faucher-Giguere, Laurence
name: Emmerichs, Ann-Kathrin
name: Choquet, Karine
name: Song, Kristina Sungeun
name: Deschamps-Francoeur, Gabrielle
name: Fafard-Couture, Etienne
name: Rivera, Andrea
name: Couture, Sonia
name: Heyd, Florian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: SnoRNA
subject: RNA-RNA interactions
subject: Alternative splicing regulation
subject: SnoRNA/host gene relationship
subject: Nonsense-mediated decay
subject: Cis-regulation
subject: RNA secondary structure
subject: Intron
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Background Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are abundant noncoding RNAs best known for their involvement in ribosomal RNA maturation. In mammals, most expressed snoRNAs are embedded in introns of longer genes and produced through transcription and splicing of their host. Intronic snoRNAs were long viewed as inert passengers with little effect on host expression. However, a recent study reported a snoRNA influencing the splicing and ultimate output of its host gene. Overall, the general contribution of intronic snoRNAs to host expression remains unclear. Results Computational analysis of large-scale human RNA-RNA interaction datasets indicates that 30% of detected snoRNAs interact with their host transcripts. Many snoRNA-host duplexes are located near alternatively spliced exons and display high sequence conservation suggesting a possible role in splicing regulation. The study of the model SNORD2-EIF4A2 duplex indicates that the snoRNA interaction with the host intronic sequence conceals the branch point leading to decreased inclusion of the adjacent alternative exon. Extended SNORD2 sequence containing the interacting intronic region accumulates in sequencing datasets in a cell-type-specific manner. Antisense oligonucleotides and mutations that disrupt the formation of the snoRNA-intron structure promote the splicing of the alternative exon, shifting the EIF4A2 transcript ratio away from nonsense-mediated decay. Conclusions Many snoRNAs form RNA duplexes near alternative exons of their host transcripts, placing them in optimal positions to control host output as shown for the SNORD2-EIF4A2 model system. Overall, our study supports a more widespread role for intronic snoRNAs in the regulation of their host transcript maturation.
Stokes IQUV mapping of $α^2$ CVn & other Ap stars using ESPaDOnS and NARVAL
Creators: name: Silvester, J.
name: Kochukhov, O.
name: Wade, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New spectral line polarisation observations of 7 bright Ap stars have been obtained with the ESPaDOnS and Narval high resolution spectropolarimeters (Silvester et al. 2012). The aim of this data set is produce a series of surface magnetic field and surface chemistry maps for these Ap stars. We present new magnetic maps for the Ap star $α^2$ CVn using these new data and the MDI inversion code INVERS10. $α^2$ CVn is the first Ap star to be observed during two separate epochs using high resolution phase resolved spectropolarimetric $IQUV$ observations and as such allows us an insight into how stable the surface magnetic structure is over a decade timescale. We show that the new maps give a magnetic field structure consistent with the previous maps obtained by Kochukhov and Wade (2010) from lower quality MuSiCoS spectra taken a decade ago and that the field topology cannot be described by a dipolar or quadrupolar field.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Proceedings of New advances in stellar physics: from microscopic to macroscopic processes (Roscoff 2013)
LFQ-Based Peptide and Protein Intensity Differential Expression Analysis
Creators: name: Bai, Mingze
name: Deng, Jingwen
name: Dai, Chengxin
name: Pfeuffer, Julianus
name: Sachsenberg, Timo
name: Perez-Riverol, Yasset
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: data analysis
subject: imputation and normalization algorithms
subject: mass spectrometry proteomics
subject: protein expression
subject: protein fold changes
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Testing for significant differences in quantities at the protein level is a common goal of many LFQ-based mass spectrometry proteomics experiments. Starting from a table of protein and/or peptide quantities from a given proteomics quantification software, many tools and R packages exist to perform the final tasks of imputation, summarization, normalization, and statistical testing. To evaluate the effects of packages and settings in their substeps on the final list of significant proteins, we studied several packages on three public data sets with known expected protein fold changes. We found that the results between packages and even across different parameters of the same package can vary significantly. In addition to usability aspects and feature/compatibility lists of different packages, this paper highlights sensitivity and specificity trade-offs that come with specific packages and settings.
Unitarity in higher-order Lorentz-invariance violating QED
Creators: name: Reyes, Carlos M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unitarity in Lorentz invariance violating QED consisting of standard fermions and higher-order photons of the Myers-Pospelov theory is studied. We find ghost states associated to the higher-order character of the theory which could render the $S$ matrix nonunitary. An explicit calculation to check perturbative unitarity in the process of electron-positron scattering is performed and it is found to be possible to preserve unitarity.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.D
Additional file 6 of A comparison of intensive vs. light-touch quality improvement interventions for maternal health in Uttar Pradesh, India
Creators: name: Montagu, Dominic
name: Giessler, Katie
name: Nakphong, Michelle Kao
name: Green, Cathy
name: Roy, Kali Prosad
name: Ananta Basudev Sahu
name: Kovid Sharma
name: Sudhinarset, May
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 6.
Combinatorial Reactive Sputtering with Auger Parameter Analysis Enables Synthesis of Wurtzite Zn2TaN3
Creators: name: Zhuk, Siarhei
name: Wieczorek, Alexander
name: Sharma, Amit
name: Patidar, Jyotish
name: Thorwarth, Kerstin
name: Michler, Johann
name: Siol, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of new functional materials is one of the key challenges in materials science. Combinatorial high-throughput approaches using reactive sputtering are commonly employed to screen unexplored phase spaces. During reactive combinatorial deposition the process conditions are rarely optimized, which can lead to poor crystallinity of the thin films. In addition, sputtering at shallow deposition angles can lead to off-axis preferential orientation of the grains. This can make the results from a conventional structural phase screening ambiguous. Here we perform a combinatorial screening of the Zn-Ta-N phase space with the aim to synthesize the novel semiconductor Zn2TaN3. While the results of the XRD phase screening are inconclusive, including chemical state analysis mapping in our workflow allows us to see a very clear discontinuity in the evolution of the Ta binding environment. This is indicative of the formation of a new ternary phase. In additional experiments, we isolate the material and perform a detailed characterization confirming the formation of single phase WZ-Zn2TaN3. Besides the formation of the new ternary nitride, we map the functional properties of ZnxTa1-xN and report previously unreported clean chemical state analysis for Zn3N2, TaN and Zn2TaN3. Overall, the results of this study showcase common challenges in high-throughput materials screening and highlight the merit of employing characterization techniques sensitive towards changes in the materials' short-range order and chemical state.
Gedanken und Vorschläge über die neuesten Anstalten teutscher Fürsten die Kameralwissenschaften auf hohen Schulen in Flor zu bringen; 1782
Creators: name: Moshamm, Franz Xaver ¬von
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2014

description: In Fraktur
P08-04. The role of class I HLA-B and HLA-Cw in disease progression and maternal-infant HIV-1 transmission in a South African population
Creators: name: Paximadis, Maria
name: Minevich, G.
name: Winchester, Robert J.
name: Schramm, D. B.
name: Gray, G. E.
name: Sherman, G. G.
name: Coovadia, A. H.
name: Kuhn, Louise
name: Tiemessen, Caroline T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: HIV (Viruses)
subject: Communicable diseases--Transmission
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Epidemiology

description: Background: Human leukocyte antigens play an integral role in the cytotoxic T-cell pathway and serve as ligands for natural killer cell receptors. We have investigated the role of two HLA class I; genes on disease progression and maternal-infant HIV-1 transmission using 222 South African mother-infant pairs recruited as part of a mother-to-infant HIV-1 transmission study. Methods: High resolution genotyping of HLA class I; B and Cw loci was performed using a sequence-based typing strategy and alleles were collapsed to a four-digit assignment for purpose of analysis. Results: B*5802 and Cw*0602 were significantly associated with high viral load (VL) (P = 0.038 and P = 0.017 respectively) and low CD4 count (P < 0.001 and P = 0.005 respectively). These two alleles are in linkage disequilibrium (D' = 1.00; P < 0.001) and the most prevalent haplotype amongst Black South Africans (f = 9.94%). The B*5802-Cw*0602 haplotype was also significantly associated with low CD4 count (P = 0.001) and showed a trend with high VL (P = 0.073). Furthermore, B*4501 showed a trend with high VL (P = 0.086) and low CD4 count (P = 0.062). B*4201 was significantly associated with low VL (P = 0.045) and another prevalent haplotype, B*4201-Cw*1701 (f = 9.65%), was significantly associated with low VL (P = 0.049). The Cw allotype groups (C1&C2) showed no significant association with markers of disease severity, whereas, contrary to other studies, Bw4/Bw4 homozygosity was significantly associated with high VL (P = 0.038) and low CD4 count (P = 0.015).
B*0801 showed a trend (P = 0.064) of lower representation amongst infected infants compared to exposed uninfected infants. Transmitting mothers had significantly higher representation of B*1402 (P = 0.034) and a trend of lower representation of B*4201 (P = 0.082) compared to non-transmitting mothers. No Cw* alleles or allotype groups showed significant association with HIV-1 transmission. Conclusion: This study highlights the different roles played by HLA in disease progression and maternal-infant HIV-1 transmission and also serves as a basis for future work that will study the role of KIR-HLA in the same contexts.
The earliest directly dated saddle for horse-riding from a mid-1st millennium BCE female burial in Northwest China
Creators: name: Wertmann, Patrick
name: Yibulayinmu, Maria
name: Wagner, Mayke
name: Taylor, Chris
name: Müller, Samira
name: Xu, Dongliang
name: Elkina, Irina
name: Leipe, Christian
name: Deng, Yonghong
name: Tarasov, Pavel E.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Early equestrian practices
subject: Horse-powered mobility
subject: Turfan basin archaeology
subject: Yanghai archaeological site
subject: Subeixi archaeological site
subject: Scythian type saddle
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie::930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie

description: The invention of the saddle substantially improved horseback-riding, which not only revolutionized warfare, but also eased long-distance speedy movement across Eurasia. Here we present the first detailed construction analysis and absolute age determination of a well-preserved soft leather saddle recovered from the tomb of a female deceased at the Yanghai cemetery site in the Turfan Basin at the eastern end of the Tian Shan mountains. Compared with the oldest known saddle from the Scythian Pazyryk culture site Tuekta barrow no. 1 (430–420 BCE) in north-western Altai, the Yanghai specimen radiocarbon dated to 727–396 BCE (95.4% probability range) is contemporaneous or possibly older. The saddle features the basic elements of soft saddle construction that are still used today: two stuffed, wing-shaped hides sewn together along the outer edges and separated by a central gullet-like spacer and lens-shaped support elements, resembling knee and thigh rolls of modern saddles. Being a masterful piece of leather- and needlework, it is, however, less complex compared to Scythian saddles from the 5th–3rd centuries BCE. Another specimen from nearby Subeixi site, which is also described in detail for the first time in the present study, much closer resembles the Pazyryk saddles in shape, size and structure. In Yanghai, equestrian paraphernalia appear in the grave assemblages during the entire burial period (ca. 1300 BCE to 200 CE), although in higher numbers only from ca. 300 BCE. In the same way, the burial of horses was not common until then. Despite the generally very good preservation of leather, only two saddles were discovered in Yanghai which makes them an exception rather than the norm and raises the question of whether these saddles were acquired from more specialized horse breeders, riders, and saddlers in the North.
Effects of high frequency loading on RANKL and OPG mRNA expression in ST-2 murine stromal cells
Creators: name: Kim, Chi
name: Kim, Kyung
name: Jacobs, Christopher Rae
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Ligands
subject: Gene expression
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biomedical engineering

description: Background: Oscillatory fluid flow (OFF)-induced shear stress leads to positive bone remodeling through pro-formative and anti-resorptive effects on bone cells. In this study, the effects of high frequency OFF on expression of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG), two important regulators of osteoclast differentiation, were investigated. Methods: Cells were exposed to 1 Pa peak shear stress using three loading frequencies (1, 10, and 20 Hz) widely employed in cell, animal, and clinical studies of bone remodeling. Two separate experiments were performed where either the total number of cycles (3600 cycles) or the total loading time (60 min) was kept constant. Real-time RT-PCR was used to quantify mRNA levels of RANKL, OPG. Results: 3600 cycles of OFF at 1 Hz and 10 Hz loading decreased RANKL/OPG ratio. Interestingly, these results were due to different mechanisms where at 1 Hz the decrease was due to an increase in OPG mRNA, whereas at 10 Hz the decrease was due to a decrease in RANKL mRNA. Conclusion: Although high frequency OFF does not appear to further enhance the decrease in the RANKL/OPG ratio, these results suggest a potential to differentially control the change in either RANKL or OPG mRNA expression by applying different loading frequencies.
Parallel Exchange of Randomized SubGraphs for Optimization of Network Alignment: PERSONA
Creators: name: Tuncay, Erhun Giray
name: Erdur, Rza Cenk
name: Conrad, Tim
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Global network alignment
subject: protein-protein interaction networks
subject: actor systems
subject: particle swarm optimization
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik

description: The aim of Network Alignment in Protein-Protein Interaction Networks is discovering functionally similar regions between compared organisms. One major compromise for solving a network alignment problem is the trade-off among multiple similarity objectives while applying an alignment strategy. An alignment may lose its biological relevance while favoring certain objectives upon others due to the actual relevance of unfavored objectives. One possible solution for solving this issue may be blending the stronger aspects of various alignment strategies until achieving mature solutions. This study proposes a parallel approach called PERSONA that allows aligners to share their partial solutions continuously while they progress. All these aligners pursue their particular heuristics as part of a particle swarm that searches for multi-objective solutions of the same alignment problem in a reactive actor environment. The actors use the stronger portion of a solution as a subgraph that they receive from leading or other actors and send their own stronger subgraphs back upon evaluation of those partial solutions. Moreover, the individual heuristics of each actor takes randomized parameter values at each cycle of parallel execution so that the problem search space can thoroughly be investigated. The results achieved with PERSONA are remarkably optimized and balanced for both topological and node similarity objectives.
Hydrodynamic equations for electrons in graphene obtained from the maximum entropy principle
Creators: name: Barletti, Luigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82D37, 82C05, 82C10

description: The maximum entropy principle is applied to the formal derivation of isothermal, Euler-like equations for semiclassical fermions (electrons and holes) in graphene. After proving general mathematical properties of the equations so obtained, their asymptotic form corresponding to significant physical regimes is investigated. In particular, the diffusive regime, the Maxwell-Boltzmann regime (high temperature), the collimation regime and the degenerate gas limit (vanishing temperature) are considered.
description: 32 pages, 2 figures
Gravitational Wave Signatures of Gauged Baryon and Lepton Number
Creators: name: Bosch, Jessica
name: Delgado, Zoraida
name: Fornal, Bartosz
name: Leon, Alejandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that novel types of gravitational wave signatures arise in theories with new gauge symmetries broken at high energy scales. For concreteness, we focus on models with gauged baryon number and lepton number, in which neutrino masses are generated via the type I seesaw mechanism, leptogenesis occurs through the decay of a heavy right-handed neutrino, and one of the new baryonic fields is a good dark matter candidate. Depending on the scalar content of the theory, the gravitational wave spectrum consists of contributions from cosmic strings, domain walls, and first order phase transitions. We show that a characteristic double-peaked signal from domain walls or a sharp domain wall peak over a flat cosmic string background may be generated. Those new signatures are within the reach of future experiments, such as Cosmic Explorer, Einstein Telescope, DECIGO, Big Bang Observer, and LISA.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures
Scalar triplet flavored leptogenesis: a systematic approach
Creators: name: Sierra, D. Aristizabal
name: Dhen, Mikael
name: Hambye, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type-II seesaw is a simple scenario in which Majorana neutrino masses are generated by the exchange of a heavy scalar electroweak triplet. When endowed with additional heavy fields, such as right-handed neutrinos or extra triplets, it also provides a compelling framework for baryogenesis via leptogenesis. We derive in this context the full network of Boltzmann equations for studying leptogenesis in the flavored regime. To this end we determine the relations which hold among the chemical potentials of the various particle species in the thermal bath. This takes into account the SM Yukawa interactions of both leptons and quarks as well as sphaleron processes which, depending on the temperature, may be classified as faster or slower than the Hubble rate. We find that when leptogenesis is enabled by the presence of an extra triplet, lepton flavor effects allow the production of the $B-L$ asymmetry through lepton number conserving CP asymmetries. This scenario becomes dominant as soon as the triplets couple more to leptons than to SM scalar doublets. In this case, the way the $B-L$ asymmetry is created through flavor effects is novel: instead of invoking the effect of $L$-violating inverse decays faster than the Hubble rate, it involves the effect of $L$-violating inverse decays slower than the Hubble rate. We also analyze the more general situation where lepton number violating CP asymmetries are present and actively participate in the generation of the $B-L$ asymmetry, pointing out that as long as $L$-violating triplet decays are still in thermal equilibrium when the triplet gauge scattering processes decouple, flavor effects can be striking, allowing to avoid all washout suppression effects from seesaw interactions. In this case the amount of $B-L$ asymmetry produced is limited only by a universal gauge suppression effect, which nevertheless goes away for large triplet decay rates.
description: 50 pages, 14 figures. v2: new section 3.2 added, where we precise the domain of validity of the various sets of Boltzmann equations ; plots updated according to sec. 3.2 ; references added. Journal version
Composition of Dyadic Paraproducts
Creators: name: Pott, Sandra
name: Reguera, Maria Carmen
name: Sawyer, Eric T.
name: Wick, Brett D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We obtain necessary and sufficient conditions to characterize the boundedness of the composition of dyadic paraproduct operators.
description: v1: 26 pages
Tailoring the Acidity of Liquid Media with Ionizing Radiation: Rethinking the Acid–Base Correlation beyond pH
Creators: name: Fritsch, Birk
name: Körner, Andreas
name: Couasnon, Thaïs
name: Blukis, Roberts
name: Taherkhani, Mehran
name: Benning, Liane G.
name: Jank, Michael P. M.
name: Spiecker, Erdmann
name: Hutzler, Andreas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Acidity
subject: Anions
subject: Irradiation
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::541 Physikalische Chemie

description: Advanced in situ techniques based on electrons and X-rays are increasingly used to gain insights into fundamental processes in liquids. However, probing liquid samples with ionizing radiation changes the solution chemistry under observation. In this work, we show that a radiation-induced decrease in pH does not necessarily correlate to an increase in acidity of aqueous solutions. Thus, pH does not capture the acidity under irradiation. Using kinetic modeling of radiation chemistry, we introduce alternative measures of acidity (radiolytic acidity π* and radiolytic ion product KW*), that account for radiation-induced alterations of both H+ and OH– concentration. Moreover, we demonstrate that adding pH-neutral solutes such as LiCl, LiBr, or LiNO3 can trigger a significant change in π*. This provides a huge parameter space to tailor the acidity for in situ experiments involving ionizing radiation, as present in synchrotron facilities or during liquid-phase electron microscopy.
P02-07. High concentrations of interleukin-15 and low concentrations of CCL5 in breast milk are associated with protection against postnatal HIV transmission
Creators: name: Walter, J.
name: Ghosh, M. K.
name: Kuhn, Louise
name: Semrau, K.
name: Sinkala, M.
name: Kankasa, C.
name: Thea, D. M.
name: Aldrovandi, G. M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Immunity
subject: HIV (Viruses)
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Epidemiology

description: Background: Natural variations in IL-15 concentration have not been investigated for an association with an immune-protection against HIV. Given IL-15's central role in anti-HIV immunity, we hypothesized that higher concentrations of IL-15 in breast milk may protect against postnatal mother-to-child HIV transmission. Methods: In a case-control study nested within a clinical trial in Zambia, we compared IL-15 concentrations in breast milk of 22 HIV-infected women who transmitted HIV to their infants through breastfeeding with those of 72 who did not, as well as 18 HIV-uninfected women. Breast milk HIV RNA quantity, sodium, CXCL12, CCL5, and IL-8 concentrations were measured as well as maternal plasma HIV RNA concentrations and CD4 cell count. We used logistic regression modeling to adjust for potential confounders. Results: Higher concentrations of IL-15 in breast milk (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.01 per log10 pg/ml increase, 95% confidence interval [CI]: <0.001 to 0.3) were associated with protection against postnatal HIV transmission in univariate analysis and after adjusting for maternal CD4 cell counts, breast milk HIV RNA, CCL5, CXCL12, and IL-8 concentrations. Breast milk IL-15 concentration correlated with breast milk sodium, the other cytokines and HIV RNA concentration. It was inversely correlated with infant birth weight and tended to be higher in 1 week than in 1 month post-partum samples. Breast milk CCL5 concentrations were associated with increased risk of HIV transmission (AOR: 12.7 95% CI: 1.6 to 102.0) in adjusted analysis. Breast milk CXCL12 and IL-8 concentrations were not independently associated with transmission. Conclusion: High concentration of IL-15 were associated with a protection against breastfeeding HIV transmission after adjusting for other pro-inflammatory cytokines, HIV RNA in breast milk, and maternal CD4 cell count. These results corroborate a protective role of IL-15-mediated cellular immunity against HIV transmission during breastfeeding. They are informative for vaccination studies using IL-15 as an adjuvant.
Παιδί και παθητικό κάπνισμα
Creators: name: Ρούλη, Αργυρώ Παναγιώτη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2024
Subjects: Παθητικό κάπνισμα
Επιβλαβείς συνέπειες
Παιδί
Passive smoking
Harmful effects
Child

description: Η παρούσα έρευνα, διεξήχθη με τη μέθοδο της βιβλιογραφικής ανασκόπησης και είχε ως θέμα το παιδί και την έκθεση του στο παθητικό κάπνισμα. Η έρευνα αναπτύχθηκε μέσα από τη μελέτη δευτερογενών πηγών και ανέδειξε τις αρνητικές συνέπειες του παθητικού καπνίσματος για τα παιδιά, οι οποίες αφορούν τόσο τη σωματική, όσο και την ψυχική τους υγεία, αλλά και τους παράγοντες, οι οποίοι επηρεάζουν την έκθεση των παιδιών στο παθητικό κάπνισμα. Επιπλέον, η έρευνα παρουσίασε αποτελεσματικές στρατηγικές με στόχο τη μείωση της έκθεσης των παιδιών σε παθητικό κάπνισμα σε τοπικό, κρατικό, σχολικό και οικογενειακό επίπεδο. Όπως προέκυψε από τη μελέτη η οποία πραγματοποιήθηκε, τα παιδιά τα οποία εκτίθενται στο παθητικό κάπνισμα έχουν περισσότερες πιθανότητες να παρουσιάσουν σοβαρά προβλήματα υγείας τόσο στην παιδική ηλικία όσο και μελλοντικά, γνωστικά ελλείμματα αλλά και διαταραχές συμπεριφοράς. Διαπιστώθηκε ωστόσο, ότι αποτελεσματικές παρεμβάσεις, σε πολλαπλά επίπεδα, δύνανται να συμβάλλουν στη μείωση της ανθυγιεινής αυτής κατάστασης και στη συνεπακόλουθη μείωση της παιδικής ασθένειας και θνησιμότητας, η οποία οφείλεται στο παθητικό κάπνισμα και τις συνέπειές του.
description: The present research was a literature review on the subject of children and their exposure to passive smoking. The research was conducted using the literature review method and highlighted the harmful effects of passive smoking on children, which affect their physical and mental health, as well as the factors that affect children's exposure to passive smoking. In addition, effective strategies to reduce children's exposure to secondhand smoke at the local, state, school, and family levels were presented. According to the research results, children who are exposed to passive smoking are more likely to have serious health problems in the future or present, cognitive deficits and behavioral disorders. However, effective interventions at multiple levels can contribute to the reduction of this unhealthy situation and the consequent reduction of childhood illness and mortality, due to passive smoking.
description: Σε συνεργασία με: Ιατρικής (Δημοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θράκης), Μηχανικών Περιβάλλοντος (Διεθνές Πανεπιστήμιο Ελλάδας)
On the Galactic aberration constant
Creators: name: Malkin, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we analyzed all available determinations of the Galactic rotation parameters $R_0$ and $Ω_0$ made during last 10 years to derive the most probable value of the Galactic aberration constant $A = R_0 Ω_0^2/c$. We used several statistical methods to obtain reliable estimates of $R_0$ and $Ω_0$ and their realistic errors. In result, we have obtained the value of $A = 5.0 \pm 0.3$ $μ$as/yr as the current best estimate of the GA constant. We suggest that the proposed value of the GA constant can be safely used in practice during coming years.
description: Presented at the Journees 2013 "Systemes de reference spatio-temporels", Paris, France, 16-18 September 2013
A Clue To Magnetic Activity Occurring On Near-Contact Binary V1003 Her
Creators: name: Dal, H. A.
name: Sipahi, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Taking into account results obtained from models and analyses, we determined the nature and structures of V1003 Her. We analysed the light curves obtained in this study together with the available radial velocity curve. The analysis revealed that the inclination (i) of the system was found to be 45.82 (2.71), while the semi-major axis (a) was computed as 2.925 (0.143) Rsun. The mass of the primary component was found to be 1.204 (0.004) Msun, while it was obtained as 0.450 (0.006) Msun for the secondary component. The radius of the primary component was computed as 1.424 (0.001) Rsun, while it was computed as 0.904 (0.001) Rsun for the secondary component. The analysis indicates that there are two spotted areas close to each other on the surface of the secondary component. In addition, B-band light and B-V colour curves reveal that there is a radiation excess toward the phase of 0.40. This should be caused due to some heating of the surface by the events like thermal flare, or the structures like plage. Finally, the analysis and model demonstrated that V1003 Her should be a near-contact binary with high level
description: 19 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1210.4285
title: Entdeckter jüdischer Baldober; 1758
title: oder Sachsen-Coburgische Acta Criminalia wider eine Jüdische Diebs- und Rauber-Bande
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Einert, Paul Nicolaus
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2014

description: Verf. ermittelt. - Titelbl. in Rot- und Schwardr.
Bose-Einstein Condensation and Many-Body Localization of Rotational Excitations of Polar Molecules
Creators: name: Kwasigroch, M. P.
name: Cooper, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the collective dynamics of rotational excitations of polar molecules loaded into an optical lattice in two dimensions. These excitations behave as hard-core bosons with a relativistic energy dispersion arising from the dipolar coupling between molecules. This has interesting consequences for the collective many-body phases. The rotational excitations can form a Bose-Einstein condensate at non-zero temperature, manifesting itself as a divergent $T_2$ coherence time of the rotational transition even in the presence of inhomogeneous broadening. The dynamical evolution of a dense gas of rotational excitations shows regimes of non-ergodicity, characteristic of many-body localization and localization protected quantum order.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Do lattice data constrain the vector interaction strength of QCD?
Creators: name: Steinheimer, Jan
name: Schramm, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how repulsive interactions of deconfined quarks as well as confined hadrons have an influence on the baryon number susceptibilities and the curvature of the chiral pseudo critical line in effective models of QCD. We discuss implications and constraints for the vector interaction strength from comparisons to lattice QCD and comment on earlier constraints, extracted from the curvature of the transition line of QCD and compact star observables. Our results clearly point to a strong vector repulsion in the hadronic phase and near-zero repulsion in the deconfined phase.
description: 6 pages 4 figures 1 table, Version accepted by PLB
A role for cGMP-dependent protein kinase II in AMPA receptor trafficking and synaptic plasticity
Creators: name: Serulle, Yafelle
name: Ninan, Ipe
name: Puzzo, Daniela
name: McCarthy, Maria
name: Khatri, Latika
name: Arancio, Ottavio
name: Ziff, Edward
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Cell receptors
Cell membranes
Biochemistry
Pharmacology

description: Background: Trafficking of AMPA receptors (AMPARs) underlies the activity-dependent modification of synaptic strength and is regulated by specific interactions of AMPAR subunits with other proteins. We have reported (Serulle et al., 2007) 1 that the AMPAR subunit GluR1 binds the cGMP-dependent kinase type II (cGKII) adjacent to the kinase catalytic site, and that this interaction is increased by cGMP. In this complex, cGKII phosphorylates GluR1 at serine 845 (S845) leading to an increase of GluR1 on the plasma membrane. In neurons, cGMP is produced by soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), which is activated by nitric oxide (NO), which is produced by nNOS under the control of the NMDA receptor. Results: To distinguish the mechanism, we have measured the rate of exogenous GluR1 endocytosis in cultured primary neurons, either the wild type or the S845A or S845D mutants (Figure 1). We find that the S845A mutant (which cannot be phosphorylated) is endocytosed at rate of the wild type, while S845D (phosphomimetic) is endocytosed at a lower rate. Also, cGMP treatment, which elevates the endogenous GluR1 plasma membrane levels (Figure 2A), reduced the rate of of GluR1 endocytosis (Figure 2B). Figure 1 Endocytosis of HAGluR1 is time dependent and is inhibited by the phosphomimetic mutation, S845D Endocytosis of HAGluR1 is time dependent and is inhibited by the phosphomimetic mutation, S845D. Figure 2 Elevation of surface GluR1 and reduction of GluR1 endocytosis by cGMP Elevation of surface GluR1 and reduction of GluR1 endocytosis by cGMP. A. cGMP, elevates surface GluR1. B. cGMP decreases endocytosis of GluR1. Conclusion: These data suggest that S845 phosphorylation increases the plasma membrane levels of GluR1 by reducing the rate of endocytosis.
Additional file 4 of Peripheral blood correlates of virologic relapse after Sofosbuvir and Ribavirin treatment of Genotype-1 HCV infection
Creators: name: Orr, Cody
name: Wenjie Xu
name: Masur, Henry
name: Kottilil, Shyam
name: Meissner, Eric G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 4: Supplemental Table 1: Genes on Nanostring Immunology panel used to assess cell-type frequency in whole blood.
Unitarity, ghosts and nonminimal terms in Lorentz violating QED
Creators: name: Reyes, Carlos M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unitarity of a Lorentz-invariance violating QED model with higher-order Myers and Pospelov photons coupled to standard fermions is studied. As expected, we find ghost states associated to the higher-order terms that may lead to the loss of unitarity. An explicit calculation to check perturbative unitarity in the process of electron-positron scattering is performed and it is found to be possible to be preserved.
description: Presented at the Sixth Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry, Bloomington, Indiana, June 17-21, 2013
title: Zwischen Provokation und Repression – gesundheitliche Selbsthilfe im Schatten von Erinnerungskultur
Creators: name: Boehm, Susanne
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Abtreibungsdebatte
subject: Feministische Kritik
subject: Frauenbewegung
subject: Gesundheit
subject: Gynäkologische Selbstuntersuchung
subject: Kontroverse
subject: Menstruelle Extraktion
subject: ddc:303

description: Dieser Beitrag greift Missverständnisse gegenüber der Frauengesundheitsbewegung innerhalb von Erinnerungskultur auf. Ziele von gynäkologischer Selbstuntersuchung (Self-Help) scheinen im feministischen Diskurs, aber auch in der Geschlechterforschung jüngerer Zeit als unpolitische Übung gesundheitlicher Selbstbildung fehlgedeutet zu werden. Um dies als geschichtliches Missverständnis zu markieren, erscheint es vielversprechend, historische Dokumente der Neuen Frauenbewegung mit späteren aktivistischen Zeugnissen zu verbinden. In einem derartigen Fokus wird es möglich, Hinweise auf politische Gehalte in feministischen Publikationen retrospektiv zu entziffern. Aspekte menstrueller Extraktion, die jene Praktik als Ersttrimester-Abtreibungen – und somit als strafrechtlich untersagte Handlungen – nachvollziehbar machen würden, sind besonders in den frühen Jahren der Neuen Frauenbewegung von Aktivistinnen in schriftlichen Dokumenten dezidiert ausgelassen worden. Das Wissen zu dieser Technik als feministischer Selbsthilfeansatz, um frühe Schwangerschaften abzubrechen, wurde in Selbsthilfe-Workshops geteilt und der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt, wie es sich international jenseits von Publikationen in der Vertraulichkeit feministischer Netzwerke verbreiten konnte. Gynäkologische Selbsthilfe wird dabei als politische Aktionsform verdeutlicht, um zu fragen, ob feministische Erinnerungskultur dieses Politikum durch eine verengte eigene Perspektive aus dem Blick verloren hat.
title: Reproduktive Selbstbestimmung und reproduktive Gerechtigkeit – ein intersektionaler Menschenrechtsansatz
Creators: name: Lembke, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Bevölkerungspolitiken
subject: Intersektionalität
subject: Menschenrechte
subject: Reproductive Justice
subject: Reproduktive Gesundheit
subject: Reproduktive Rechte
subject: ddc:320

description: Im Beitrag wird die Diskussion um konzeptionelle Verständnisse von reproduktiven Rechten beleuchtet. Reproduktive Selbstbestimmung hat durch andauernde Delegitimierung an politischer Schlagkraft eingebüßt, steht aber auch in der Kritik, weil sie zu häufig als entsolidarisierendes individuelles Recht privilegierter (weißer) Frauen verstanden und praktiziert würde. Dagegen fordern aus antirassistischen Bewegungen entwickelte Ansätze reproduktiver Gerechtigkeit die Fokussierung auf soziale Rechte statt individuelle Freiheiten und den kollektiven Kampf gegen Strukturen reproduktiver Unterdrückung und intersektionale Diskriminierung. Diesen Ansatz teilen auch die internationalen Menschenrechtsausschüsse, die reproduktive Gesundheit als soziales Menschenrecht konzipieren. Doch verfestigte Traditionen menschenverachtender Bevölkerungspolitiken werfen einen langen Schatten und stellen auf Staatenpflichten basierende Reproduktionspolitiken und deren emanzipatorisches und transformatives Potenzial infrage.
Additional file 1 of Single-step dynamic dewatering of microalgae from dilute suspensions using flocculant assisted filtration
Creators: name: Musa, Mutah
name: Ward, Andrew
name: Ayoko, Godwin A.
name: Rösch, Christine
name: Brown, Richard
name: Rainey, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Preference function types, definitions and shapes. Figure S1. Preference function P(d). Table S2. Molecular weight scale. Table S3. pH scale. Table S4. Complete PROMETHEE rank order from the 207 observations.