cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Poster: Rational Approximation of Golden Angles: Accelerated Reconstructions for Radial MRI
Creators: name: Scholand, Nick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: dynamic MRI
golden angle
golden ratio sampling
radial sampling
rational approximation
RAGA

description: This poster introduces our novel sampling technique for 2-dimensional radial trajectories in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), termed Rational Approximation of Golden Angle (RAGA) sampling. 

It includes the results of our study "Rational Approximation of Golden Angles: Accelerated Reconstructions for Radial MRI" by N. Scholand, P. Schaten, C. Graf, D. Mackner, H.C.M. Holme, M. Blumenthal, A. Mao, J. Assländer, and M. Uecker.

The manuscript has been accepted for publication in Magnetic Resonance in Medicine and will be accessible under DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30247.
Dilaton gravity approach to three dimensional Lifshitz black hole
Creators: name: Myung, Yun Soo
name: Kim, Yong-Wan
name: Park, Young-Jai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The z=3 Lifshitz black hole is an exact black hole solution to the new massive gravity in three dimensions. In order to understand this black hole clearly, we perform a dimensional reduction to two dimensional dilaton gravity by utilizing the circular symmetry. Considering the linear dilaton, we find the same Lifshitz black hole in two dimensions. This implies that all thermodynamic quantities of the z=3 Lifshitz black hole could be obtained from its corresponding black hole in two dimensions. As a result, we derive the temperature, mass, heat capacity, Bekesnstein-Hawking entropy, and free energy.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure, version to appear in EPJC
title: Analysis of monoterpenoids in inclusion complexes with β-cyclodextrin and study on ratio effect in these microcapsules
Creators: name: López, M. D.
name: Pascual-Villalobos, M. J.
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: microencapsulation
subject: β-cyclodextrin
subject: camphor
subject: geraniol and linalool

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv; 425; 705-709
Spectral analysis of transport equations with bounce-back boundary conditions
Creators: name: Latrach, Khalid
name: Lods, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the spectral properties of the time-dependent linear transport equation with bounce-back boundary conditions. A fine analysis of the spectrum of the streaming operator is given and the explicit expression of the strongly continuous streaming semigroup is derived. Next, making use of a recent result from M. Sbihi \cite{Sbihi}, we prove, via a compactness argument, that the essential spectrum of the transport semigroup and that of the streaming semigroup coincide on all $L^p$-spaces with $1
Wave Equations on Lorentzian Manifolds and Quantization
Creators: name: Baer, Christian
name: Ginoux, Nicolas
name: Pfaeffle, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58J45; 35L05; 35L15; 46Lxx; 81T05; 81T20

description: This book provides a detailed introduction to linear wave equations on Lorentzian manifolds (for vector-bundle valued fields). After a collection of preliminary material in the first chapter one finds in the second chapter the construction of local fundamental solutions together with their Hadamard expansion. The third chapter establishes the existence and uniqueness of global fundamental solutions on globally hyperbolic spacetimes and discusses Green's operators and well-posedness of the Cauchy problem. The last chapter is devoted to field quantization in the sense of algebraic quantum field theory. The necessary basics on C*-algebras and CCR-representations are developed in full detail. The text provides a self-contained introduction to these topics addressed to graduate students in mathematics and physics. At the same time it is intended as a reference for researchers in global analysis, general relativity, and quantum field theory.
description: 199 pages, 43 figures, order information for a hardcopy: http://www.ems-ph.org/order.php
Reconstruction of non-classical cavity field states with snapshots of their decoherence
Creators: name: Deleglise, Samuel
name: Dotsenko, Igor
name: Sayrin, Clement
name: Bernu, Julien
name: Brune, Michel
name: Raimond, Jean-Michel
name: Haroche, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The state of a microscopic system encodes its complete quantum description, from which the probabilities of all measurement outcomes are inferred. Being a statistical concept, the state cannot be obtained from a single system realization. It can be reconstructed from an ensemble of copies, by performing measurements on different realizations. Reconstructing the state of a set of trapped particles shielded from their environment is an important step for the investigation of the quantum to classical boundary. While trapped atom state reconstructions have been achieved, it is challenging to perform similar experiments with trapped photons which require cavities storing light for very long times. Here, we report the complete reconstruction and pictorial representation of a variety of radiation states trapped in a cavity in which several photons survive long enough to be repeatedly measured. Information is extracted from the field by atoms crossing the cavity one by one. We exhibit a gallery of pictures featuring coherent states, Fock states with a definite photon number and Schrodinger cat states which are superpositions of coherent states with different phases. These states are equivalently represented by their density matrices in the photon-number basis or by their Wigner functions, which are distributions of the field complex amplitude. Quasi-classical coherent states have a Gaussian-shaped Wigner function while Fock and Schrodinger cat Wigner functions show oscillations and negativities revealing quantum interferences. Cavity damping induces decoherence which quickly washes out the Wigner functions oscillations. We observe this process and realize movies of decoherence by reconstructing snapshots of Schrodinger cat states at successive times.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
The Sine-Gordon model revisited I
Creators: name: Niccoli, G.
name: Teschner, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study integrable lattice regularizations of the sine-Gordon model with the help of the separation of variables method of Sklyanin and the Baxter Q-operators. This leads us to the complete characterization of the spectrum (eigenvalues and eigenstates), in terms of the solutions to the Bethe ansatz equations. The completeness of the set of states that can be constructed from the solutions to the Bethe ansatz equations is proven by our approach.
description: 44 pages, presentation improved, no result changed
A simple model to interpret the ultraviolet, optical and infrared emission from galaxies
Creators: name: da Cunha, Elisabete
name: Charlot, Stephane
name: Elbaz, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple, largely empirical but physically motivated model to interpret the mid- and far-infrared spectral energy distributions of galaxies consistently with the emission at ultraviolet, optical and near-infrared wavelengths. Our model relies on an existing angle-averaged prescription to compute the absorption of starlight by dust in stellar birth clouds and in the ambient ISM in galaxies. We compute the spectral energy distribution of the power reradiated by dust in stellar birth clouds as the sum of three components: a component of PAHs; a mid-IR continuum characterising the emission from hot grains; and a component of warm grains in thermal equilibrium with adjustable temperature. In the ambient ISM, we fix for simplicity the relative proportions of these three components to reproduce the spectral shape of diffuse cirrus emission in the Milky Way, and we include a component of cold grains in thermal equilibrium with adjustable temperature. Our model can be used to derive statistical constraints on the star formation histories and dust contents of large samples of galaxies using UV, optical and IR observations. We illustrate this by deriving median-likelihood estimates of the star formation rates, stellar masses, effective dust optical depths, dust masses, and relative strengths of different dust components of 66 well-studied nearby star- forming galaxies from the Spitzer Infrared Nearby Galaxy Survey (SINGS). From this analysis, we conclude that the mid- and far-IR colours of galaxies correlate strongly with the specific star formation rate, as well as with other galaxy-wide quantities connected to this parameter. Our model can be straightforwardly applied to interpret UV, optical and IR spectral energy distributions from any galaxy sample. [abridged]
description: 27 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. Full-resolution figures available from ftp://ftp.iap.fr/pub/from_users/dacunha/fullres_figures
The "De Ave Phoenice" of Lactantius : a commentary and introduction
Creators: name: Harris, Keith N.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The primary purpose of this thesis is to provide a commentary on the "De Ave Phoenice" of Caecilius Firmianus Lactantius that takes into consideration all recent scholarship on the development of the "myth" of the Phoenix. The thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter contains a biography and summary of the works of Lactantius together with a discussion of the poem's authorship. The second chapter consists of a discussion of the genesis of the myth of the phoenix, listing examples in chronological order, to A.D. 300, of the literature pertaining to the phoenix that may have been sources for Lactantius. Chapter Three consists of a text and translation of the poem. Chapter Four, the major portion of the thesis, is devoted to a commentary, which concentrates on historical, political and artistic implications in the poem, rather than on textual and lexical matters. A general conclusion concerning the character and date of the poem is added. The texts of the more important sources used in Chapter Two are appended to the main body of the thesis and are followed by a bibliography.
A low-redshift galaxy cluster X-ray Temperature Function incorporating Suzaku data
Creators: name: Shang, Cien
name: Scharf, Caleb
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results of a survey of 14 low redshift galaxy clusters using Suzaku. Although luminous (L_x> 1\times 10^{43} erg s^{-1} (0.1-2.4 keV)), these clusters have no prior pointed X-ray data. Together with 47 other systems they form a flux limited sample (f_x >1.0 \times 10^{-11} erg s^{-1}cm^{-2} (0.1-2.4 keV)) with z<0.1 in the northern celestial hemisphere. Using this total sample we evaluate the local $L-T$ relationship and the local cluster temperature function. Suzaku temperature measurements appear to be in accord with those of other missions. General agreement is found with other published estimates of the low redshift cluster temperature function, however the sample used here exhibits slightly lower space densities at gas temperatures below 4-5 keV. We find a corresponding deficit in the number of clusters with temperatures between approximately 4.5 and 5.5 keV. Although at low significance, a similar feature exists in previous low redshift cluster datasets. We suggest that low-redshift cluster samples, while crucial for calibrating precision cosmology measurements, must be used with caution due to their limited size and susceptibility to the effects of cosmic variance.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Rational Approximation of Golden Angles: Accelerated Reconstructions for Radial MRI
Creators: name: Scholand, Nick
name: Schaten, Philip
name: Graf, Christina
name: Mackner, Daniel
name: Holme, H. Christian M.
name: Blumenthal, Moritz
name: Mao, Andrew
name: Assländer, Jakob
name: Uecker, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: To develop a generic radial sampling scheme that combines the advantages of golden ratio sampling with simplicity of equidistant angular patterns. The irrational angle between consecutive spokes in golden ratio based sampling schemes enables a flexible retrospective choice of temporal resolution, while preserving good coverage of k-space for each individual bin. Nevertheless, irrational increments prohibit precomputation of the point-spread function (PSF), can lead to numerical problems, and require more complex processing steps. To avoid these problems, a new sampling scheme based on a rational approximation of golden angles (RAGA) is developed.
 Methods: The theoretical properties of RAGA sampling are mathematically derived. Sidelobe-to-peak ratios (SPR) are numerically computed and compared to the corresponding golden ratio sampling schemes. The sampling scheme is implemented in the BART toolbox and in a radial gradient-echo sequence. Feasibility is shown for quantitative imaging in a phantom and a cardiac scan of a healthy volunteer.
 Results: RAGA sampling can accurately approximate golden ratio sampling and has almost identical PSF and SPR. In contrast to golden ratio sampling, each frame can be reconstructed with the same equidistant trajectory using different sampling masks, and the angle of each acquired spoke can be encoded as a small index, which simplifies processing of the acquired data.
 Conclusion: RAGA sampling provides the advantages of golden ratio sampling while simplifying data processing, rendering it a valuable tool for dynamic and quantitative MRI.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables
Dynamical Constraints on The Masses of the Nuclear Star Cluster and Black Hole in the Late-Type Spiral Galaxy NGC 3621
Creators: name: Barth, A. J.
name: Strigari, L. E.
name: Bentz, M. C.
name: Greene, J. E.
name: Ho, L. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NGC 3621 is a late-type (Sd) spiral galaxy with an active nucleus, previously detected through mid-infrared [Ne V] line emission. Archival Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images reveal that the galaxy contains a bright and compact nuclear star cluster. We present a new high-resolution optical spectrum of this nuclear cluster, obtained with the ESI Spectrograph at the Keck Observatory. The nucleus has a Seyfert 2 emission-line spectrum at optical wavelengths, supporting the hypothesis that a black hole is present. The line-of-sight stellar velocity dispersion of the cluster is sigma=43+/-3 km/s, one of the largest dispersions measured for any nuclear cluster in a late-type spiral galaxy. Combining this measurement with structural parameters measured from archival HST images, we carry out dynamical modeling based on the Jeans equation for a spherical star cluster containing a central point mass. The maximum black hole mass consistent with the measured stellar velocity dispersion is 3*10^6 solar masses. If the black hole mass is small compared with the cluster's stellar mass, then the dynamical models imply a total stellar mass of ~1*10^7 solar masses, which is consistent with rough estimates of the stellar mass based on photometric measurements from HST images. From structural decomposition of 2MASS images, we find no clear evidence for a bulge in NGC 3621; the galaxy contains at most a very faint and inconspicuous pseudobulge component (M_K>-17.6 mag). NGC 3621 provides one of the best demonstrations that very late-type spirals can host both active nuclei and nuclear star clusters, and that low-mass black holes can occur in disk galaxies even in the absence of a substantial bulge.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Dynamics of fluctuations in an optical analog of the Laval nozzle
Creators: name: Fouxon, I.
name: Farberovich, O. V.
name: Barad, S.
name: Fleurov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the analogy between the description of coherent light propagation in a medium with Kerr nonlinearity by means of nonlinear Schrödinger equation and that of a dissipationless liquid we propose an optical analogue of the Laval nozzle. The optical Laval nozzle will allow one to form a transonic flow in which one can observe and study a very unusual dynamics of classical and quantum fluctuations including analogue of the Hawking radiation of real black holes. Theoretical analysis of this dynamics is supported by numerical calculations and estimates for a possible experimental setup are presented.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Tightening the knot in phytochrome by single molecule atomic force microscopy
Creators: name: Bornschloegl, T.
name: Anstrom, D. M.
name: Mey, E.
name: Dzubiella, J.
name: Rief, M.
name: Forest, K. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A growing number of proteins have been shown to adopt knotted folds. Yet the biological roles and biophysical properties of these knots remain poorly understood. We have used protein engineering and atomic force microscopy to explore single-molecule mechanics of the figure-of-eight knot in the chromophore-binding domain of the red/far red photoreceptor, phytochrome. Under load, apo phytochrome unfolds at forces of ~47 pN, while phytochrome carrying its covalently bound tetrapyrrole chromophore unfolds at ~73 pN. These forces are among the lowest measured in mechanical protein unfolding, hence the presence of the knot does not automatically indicate a super-stable protein. Our experiments reveal a stable intermediate along the mechanical unfolding pathway, reflecting sequential unfolding of two distinct subdomains in phytochrome, potentially the GAF and PAS domains. For the first time, our experiments allow direct determination of knot size under load. In the unfolded chain, the tightened knot is reduced to 17 amino acids, resulting in apparent shortening of the polypeptide chain by 6.2 nm. Steered molecular dynamics simulations corroborate this number. Finally, we found that covalent phytochrome dimers created for these experiments retain characteristic photoreversibility, unexpectedly arguing against dramatic rearrangement of the native GAF dimer interface upon photoconversion.
description: 12 pages plus five figures; has been submitted to Biophysical J. Replacement on 9/16 is ONLY to correct a typo in the meta data; the uploaded file is identical to first version
Elliptic flow ($v_2$) in pp collisions at energies available at the CERN Large Hadron Collider: A hydrodynamical approach
Creators: name: Prasad, S. K.
name: Roy, Victor
name: Chattopadhyay, S.
name: Chaudhuri, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At Large Hadron Collider energy, the expected large multiplicities suggests the presence of collective behavior even in pp collisions. A hydrodynamical approach has been applied to estimate the expected elliptic flow measured by the azimuthal asymmetry parameter $v_2$, in pp collisions at $\surd$s = 14 TeV. $v_2$ of $π^-$ is found to be strongly dependent on the parton density profile inside a proton [e.g., surface diffuseness parameter ($ξ$)]. For $ξ$ = 0.105, $v_2$ is found to be positive while at $ξ$ = 0.25, $v_2$ is close to zero and approaches negative values at large $p_t$. The impact parameter dependence of $v_2$ has also been studied.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures, published in Phys. Rev. C
Exoryza Mason
Creators: name: Valerio, A. A.
name: Deans, A. R.
name: Whitfield, J. B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Exoryza

description: Key to the known species of Exoryza Mason
 1) Length of forewing vein 1CUa 0.6 times the length of vein 1CUb (Fig. 3); metapleuron with mostly punctate sculpturing (Fig. 5); first and second metasomal terga with aciculorugose sculpturing (Fig. 7) ................ E. schoenobii (Wilkinson)
­ Forewing 1CUa and 1CUb nearly equal in length (Figs. 1, 2); metapleuron never completely covered by punctate sculpturing; first and second metasomal terga variably sculptured................................................................................................. 2
 2) Metapleuron mostly nitid and with a conspicuously deep central pit; mesopleuron mostly nitid (Fig. 1); first metasomal tergum with areolate­rugulose sculpturing (Fig. 8) ..................................................... E. monocavus n. sp. Valerio & Whitfield
 ­ Metapleuron covered by rugulose sculpturing, medial pit present but not conspicuously deep or evident; mesopleuron almost entirely covered by punctate sculpturing (Fig. 4); first metasomal tergum with coarsely rugose sculpturing (Fig. 6)...... ................................................................................................. E. minnesota Mason
description: Published as part of Valerio, A. A., Deans, A. R. & Whitfield, J. B., 2004, Review of the microgastrine braconid wasp genus Exoryza, with description of a new species, E. monocavus, from Central America, pp. 1-11 in Zootaxa 526 on page 2, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.157800
Determination of rotation angle based on invariant moment and MADALINE for HGA grasping
Creators: name: Nares Pokasap
name: Supattra Plermkamon
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University
Year: 2014
Subjects: HGA, Invariant moment, Orientation angle, MADALINE

description: 2, 41, KKU Engineering Journal
Minimal SO(10) splits supersymmetry
Creators: name: Bajc, Borut
name: Dorsner, Ilja
name: Nemevsek, Miha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A good fit of the fermion masses and mixings has been found in the minimal renormalizable supersymmetric SO(10). This solution needs a strongly split supersymmetry breaking scenario with gauginos and higgsinos around 100 TeV, sfermions close to 10^14 GeV and a low GUT scale of around 6 10^15 GeV. We predict fast proton decays through SO(10) type of d=6 operators and the leptonic mixing angle theta_13 approximately 0.1.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures
Heuristics comparison for u-shaped assembly line balancing in the apparel factory
Creators: name: Nuchsara Kriengkorakot
name: Preecha Kriengkorakot
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Heuristics, U-shaped assembly line balancing, Apparel factory

description: 2, 41, KKU Engineering Journal
Additional file 1 of Peak oxygen uptake is a strong prognostic predictor for pulmonary hypertension due to left heart disease
Creators: name: Zhong, Xiu-Jun
name: Jiang, Rong
name: Yang, Lu
name: Yuan, Ping
name: Gong, Su-Gang
name: Zhao, Qin-Hua
name: Luo, Ci-Jun
name: Qiu, Hong-Ling
name: Li, Hui-Ting
name: Zhang, Rui
name: He, Jing
name: Wang, Lan
name: Tang, Jie
name: Liu, Jin-Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Comparison of CPET and hemodynamics stratified by sex and Cpc-PH or Ipc-PH.
Linear Representations and Isospectrality with Boundary Conditions
Creators: name: Parzanchevski, Ori
name: Band, Ram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 58J53; 58J50; 58J32

description: We present a method for constructing families of isospectral systems, using linear representations of finite groups. We focus on quantum graphs, for which we give a complete treatment. However, the method presented can be applied to other systems such as manifolds and two-dimensional drums. This is demonstrated by reproducing some known isospectral drums, and new examples are obtained as well. In particular, Sunada's method is a special case of the one presented.
description: Revised in response to referee's report
Flächenansprüche und -konzepte des Naturschutzes und der Landschaftspflege auf Bundesebene - Identifizierung, Anwendungsbeispiele, Ausblicke
Creators: name: Mayer, Florian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Naturschutz
Renaturierung
Biodiversität
Grüne Infrastruktur
Klimaschutz
Biotopverbund
Raumordnung
DFNS 2024

description: Um umweltpolitische Zielsetzungen der Bundesregierung und eingegangene Verpflichtungen zu erreichen – insbesondere den Erhalt der Artenvielfalt, die internationalen Verpflichtungen von Montreal, die europäische Wiederherstellungsverordnung und den Natürlichen Klimaschutz – bedarf es mehr Flächen für Maßnahmen des Naturschutzes und der Landschafts­pflege, insbesondere für die Renaturierung und die Aufwertung von Flächen.

Es bedarf daher einer verbesserten strategischen Steuerung der Flächenbedarfe für die vorgenannten Zwecke bereits auf Bundesebene. Im Vortrag werden Konzepte und Prozesse auf Bundesebene vorgestellt und diskutiert, die hierzu einen Ansatz bieten bzw. bieten könnten. Dies sind:

Ziele und Inhalte des Bundeskonzepts Grüne Infrastruktur (BKGI) mit den länderübergreifenden Achsen des Biotopverbundes,

Anwendungsbeispiele des BKGI (z. B. Bundesverkehrswegeplanung),

Ziele des Aktionsprogrammes Natürlicher Klimaschutz,

Wiederherstellung und Renaturierung von Natur und Landschaft,

mögliche Beiträge der Raumordnung bzw. zur raumverträglichen Steuerung von Renaturierungsmaßnahmen.

Ein besonderer Fokus wird auf Konzepte und Arbeiten des BfN gelegt.
Interacting Dipoles in Type-I Clathrates: Why Glass-like though Crystal?
Creators: name: Nakayama, Tsuneyoshi
name: Kaneshita, Eiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Almost identical thermal properties of type-I clathrate compounds to those of glasses follow naturally from the consideration that off-centered guest ions possess electric dipole moments. Local fields from neighbor dipoles create many potential minima in the configuration space. A theoretical analysis based on two-level tunneling states demonstrates that interacting dipoles are a key to quantitatively explain the glass-like behaviors of low-temperature thermal properties of type-I clathrate compounds with off-centered guest ions.From this analysis, we predict the existence of a glass transition.
Galois connection for sets of operations closed under permutation, cylindrification and composition
Creators: name: Couceiro, Miguel
name: Lehtonen, Erkko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 08A40, 06A15

description: We consider sets of operations on a set A that are closed under permutation of variables, addition of dummy variables and composition. We describe these closed sets in terms of a Galois connection between operations and systems of pointed multisets, and we also describe the closed sets of the dual objects by means of necessary and sufficient closure conditions. Moreover, we show that the corresponding closure systems are uncountable for every A with at least two elements.
description: 22 pages; Section 4 added
title: Business for peace? : The ambiguous role of "ethical" mining companies
Creators: name: Hönke, Jana
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Business
subject: Peace
subject: Ethical
subject: Mining Companies
subject: 300
subject: 320

description: Multinational companies are increasingly promoted as peacebuilders. Major arguments in support of such a position emphasise both interest-based and norm/socialisation-based factors. This article uses research on large mining MNCs in eastern DRC – those that, arguably, should be most likely to build peace according to the above positions – to engage critically with the business for peace agenda. First it demonstrates the limited peacemaking, as well as active peacebuilding, activities in broader society that companies undertake. Second, it finds that even those companies deemed most likely to build peace continue relying on hybrid (in)security practice. Third, this article calls for more reflexivity concerning the implications of the business for peace research agenda. While the latter might contribute to socialising businesses into contributions to peacebuilding, it also produces companies as legitimate authorities, despite their limitations as peacebuilders. As a result, new conflict and insecurity are produced, especially for/with those displaced from land and artisanal mining pits and left with no alternative livelihood options.
InDuDoNet: An Interpretable Dual Domain Network for CT Metal Artifact Reduction
Creators: name: Wang, Hong
name: Li, Yuexiang
name: Zhang, Haimiao
name: Chen, Jiawei
name: Ma, Kai
name: Meng, Deyu
name: Zheng, Yefeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: For the task of metal artifact reduction (MAR), although deep learning (DL)-based methods have achieved promising performances, most of them suffer from two problems: 1) the CT imaging geometry constraint is not fully embedded into the network during training, leaving room for further performance improvement; 2) the model interpretability is lack of sufficient consideration. Against these issues, we propose a novel interpretable dual domain network, termed as InDuDoNet, which combines the advantages of model-driven and data-driven methodologies. Specifically, we build a joint spatial and Radon domain reconstruction model and utilize the proximal gradient technique to design an iterative algorithm for solving it. The optimization algorithm only consists of simple computational operators, which facilitate us to correspondingly unfold iterative steps into network modules and thus improve the interpretablility of the framework. Extensive experiments on synthesized and clinical data show the superiority of our InDuDoNet. Code is available in \url{https://github.com/hongwang01/InDuDoNet}.%method on the tasks of MAR and downstream multi-class pelvic fracture segmentation.
The ambivalent Orwell : patterns of ambiguity in his thought and its expression
Creators: name: Gobin, Bernard F.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis is devoted to exploring the contention that there exists in the writing of George Orwell a strong element of ambiguity or ambivalence, and that this is manifest not only in the way he thinks about issues and problems, but also in the way he employs artistic forms to express himself. Orwell's often inconsistent views on religion, nature, the past, and society (which for Orwell invariably involves politics) are accordingly treated as aspects of his ambivalent response to two different problems that provide two slightly different, albeit related, perspectives on his thought. In Chapters II and III the main causes of this ambivalence in Orwell's thought are traced to a dislike of abstraction coupled with a tendency to confuse questions of morality (normative considerations) with questions of fact (empirical considerations), and in Chapter IV these features of his outlook are related to the modes and forms of expression which he employs in the writing of Homage to Catalonia, Coming Up for Air, Animal Farm, and Nineteen Eighty-Four, his last four major works. What emerges from this is a sense of Orwell's increasing control over the complexities of aesthetic distance involved in writing fiction. At the same time there is a move from vague ambiguity to a more clearly defined formal tension, which though never resolved, is articulated so forcefully as to be instrumental in the making of Orwell's popular reputation and of his significance as a literary figure. Throughout, the thesis develops a view of the critical difficulties involved in trying to deal with Orwell's work, and provides some commentary on the efforts of various critics in the field to overcome those difficulties. Though it is not a primary, purpose of this thesis, there is therefore some indication of the implications which a study of Orwell has for critical methodology.
Magnetic and structural transitions in layered FeAs systems: AFe2As2 versus RFeAsO compounds
Creators: name: Krellner, C.
name: Caroca-Canales, N.
name: Jesche, A.
name: Rosner, H.
name: Ormeci, A.
name: Geibel, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resistivity, specific heat and magnetic susceptibility measurements performed on SrFe2As2 samples evidence a behavior very similar to that observed in LaFeAsO and BaFe2As2 with the difference that the formation of the SDW and the lattice deformation occur in a pronounced first order transition at T_0=205K. Comparing further data evidences that the Fe-magnetism is stronger in SrFe2As2 and in EuFe2As2 than in the other layered FeAs systems investigated up to now. Full potential LDA band structure calculations confirm the large similarity between the compounds, especially for the relevant low energy Fe 3d states. The relation between structural details and magnetic order is analyzed.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Presentation: Rational Approximation of Golden Angles: Accelerated Reconstructions for Radial MRI
Creators: name: Scholand, Nick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This presentation introduces 2-dimensional radial trajectories in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and our novel sampling technique, termed Rational Approximation of Golden Angle (RAGA) sampling. 

It includes the results of our study "Rational Approximation of Golden Angles: Accelerated Reconstructions for Radial MRI" by N. Scholand, P. Schaten, C. Graf, D. Mackner, H.C.M. Holme, M. Blumenthal, A. Mao, J. Assländer, and M. Uecker.

The manuscript has been published in Magnetic Resonance in Medicine under DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30247.
The Julia sets of basic uniCremer polynomials of arbitrary degree
Creators: name: Blokh, A.
name: Oversteegen, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37F10 (Primary), 37F50, 37B45, 37C25, 54F15 (Secondary)

description: Let $P$ be a polynomial of degree $d$ with a Cremer point $p$ and no repelling or parabolic periodic bi-accessible points. We show that there are two types of such Julia sets $J_P$. The \emph{red dwarf} $J_P$ are nowhere connected im kleinen and such that the intersection of all impressions of external angles is a continuum containing $p$ and the orbits of all critical images. The \emph{solar} $J_P$ are such that every angle with dense orbit has a degenerate impression disjoint from other impressions and $J_P$ is connected im kleinen at its landing point. We study bi-accessible points and locally connected models of $J_P$ and show that such sets $J_P$ appear through polynomial-like maps for generic polynomials with Cremer points.
description: 27 pages; 1 figure
Readiness of public health facilities to provide ischemic heart disease and stroke management for the growing elderly population in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Jabin, Shiny
Publisher: name: Anglia Ruskin Research Online (ARRO)
Year: 2024

description: The number of older people is increasing in Bangladesh, accompanied by a rise in cardiovascular diseases such as ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke. Consequently, the existing health system will face major challenges yet to date, no research has been conducted to assess the capacity of the health facilities to provide IHD and stroke management for the growing elderly population. This study aimed to evaluate the readiness of the healthcare system in Bangladesh to provide IHD and stroke management for the growing elderly population.In this cross-sectional mixed-methods research, the World Health Organization’s (WHO) service availability and readiness assessment (SARA) tool was followed to assess IHD and stroke readiness of eleven selected hospitals in Bangladesh. The health system dynamics framework was used to explore service users’ and providers’ perspectives regarding IHD and stroke services. Data sets were generated by 24 in-depth interviews, four focus group discussion and 150 questionnaires. Quantitative data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, while reflexive thematic analysis was used to generate themes from the qualitative components. SPSS version 28.0. and NVivo 12 software were used in the data analysis process.Only tertiary hospitals had a readiness index (RI) score (79.18%) that exceeded cutoff value. Independent samples t test was statistically significant, t (2.30)=9 , p <.047 (two-tailed). RI score of urban hospitals was 1.44 standard deviation higher than the RI score of rural hospitals. Barriers to providing services in most of the surveyed hospitals were shortage of specialized staff, diagnostics and essential medicines. Findings from the qualitative components confirmed these outcomes while generating some important additional insights, namely that financial solvency and geriatric care, currently lacking, would support better outcome for IHD and stroke patients.These results will inform future health care practice with regards to improving IHD and stroke services for this vulnerable population group.
Hubungan Daya Ledak Otot Tungkai dan Kelentukan Sendi Panggul dengan Kecepatan Tendangan Sabit Pada Pesilat SMI Pulau Morotai
Creators: name: Jein Katiandagho
name: Rifaid Saiman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: ABSTRAK

 

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui daya ledak otot tungkai, dan kelentukan sendi panggul dengan kecepatan tendangan sabit pada pesilat SMI Pulau Morotai. Penelitian ini menggunakan variable bebas (daya ledak otot tungkai dan kelentukan sendi panggul) serta variable terikat (kecepatan tendangan sabit). Dengan subyek penelitian adalah pesilat SMI Pulau Morotai, dengan sampel berjumlah 35 orang dengan teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling. Instrumen daya ledak otot tungkai menggunakan vertical jump, kelentukan sendi panggul menggunakan front split dan kecepatan tendangan sabit dengan menendang kearah sandsack. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis korelasi berganda dan analisis regresi ganda dengan taraf 5%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat dijelaskan bahwa (1) Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara daya ledak otot tungkai dengan kecepatan tendangan sabit dengan hasil koefifien korelasi 0,587, lebih besar dari batas penolakan 5% = 0,333. (2) Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara kelentukan sendi panggul dengan kecepatan tendangan sabit dengan hasil koefisien korelasi 0,489 lebih besar dari batas penolakan 5% = 0,333. (3) Ada hubungan yang signifikan antara daya ledak otot tungkai dan kelentukan sendi panggul secara bersama-sama terhadap kecepatan tendangan sabit dengan hasil uji Fhitung = 11,196 lebih besar dari dengan taraf signifikan 5% = 3,29
Operator Delocalization in Quantum Networks
Creators: name: Kim, Joonho
name: Murugan, Jeff
name: Olle, Jan
name: Rosa, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the delocalization of operators in non-chaotic quantum systems whose interactions are encoded in an underlying graph or network. In particular, we study how fast operators of different sizes delocalize as the network connectivity is varied. We argue that these delocalization properties are well captured by Krylov complexity and show, numerically, that efficient delocalization of large operators can only happen within sufficiently connected network topologies. Finally, we demonstrate how this can be used to furnish a deeper understanding of the quantum charging advantage of a class of SYK-like quantum batteries.
description: Main document: 6 pages, 3 figures. Supplemental material: 8 pages, 3 figures
The ternary invariant differential operators acting on the spaces of weighted densities
Creators: name: Bouarroudj, Sofiane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over n-dimensional manifolds, I classify ternary differential operators acting on the spaces of weighted densities and invariant with respect to the Lie algebra of vector fields. For n=1, some of these operators can be expressed in terms of the de Rham exterior differential, the Poisson bracket, the Grozman operator and the Feigin-Fuchs anti-symmetric operators; four of the operators are new, up to dualizations and permutations. For n>1, I list multidimensional conformal tranvectors, i.e.,operators acting on the spaces of weighted densities and invariant with respect to o(p+1,q+1), where p+q=n. Except for the scalar operator, these conformally invariant operators are not invariant with respect to the whole Lie algebra of vector fields.
description: 13 pages, no figures, to appear in Theor. Math. Phys
The Deutsch-Jozsa Problem: De-quantisation and Entanglement
Creators: name: Abbott, Alastair A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Deustch-Jozsa problem is one of the most basic ways to demonstrate the power of quantum computation. Consider a Boolean function f : {0,1}^n to {0,1} and suppose we have a black-box to compute f. The Deutsch-Jozsa problem is to determine if f is constant (i.e. f(x) = const forall x in {0,1}^n) or if f is balanced (i.e. f(x) = 0 for exactly half the possible input strings x in {0,1}^n) using as few calls to the black-box computing f as is possible, assuming f is guaranteed to be constant or balanced. Classically it appears that this requires at least 2^{n-1}+1 black-box calls in the worst case, but the well known quantum solution solves the problem with probability one in exactly one black-box call. It has been found that in some cases the algorithm can be de-quantised into an equivalent classical, deterministic solution. We explore the ability to extend this de-quantisation to further cases, and examine with more detail when de-quantisation is possible, both with respect to the Deutsch-Jozsa problem, as well as in more general cases.
description: 17 pages. Presented at the Workshop on Physics and Computation at the conference 'Unconventional Computation 2009'. To Be published in workshop proceedings
Wem gehört das Land? Eigentumsstrukturen von Landwirtschaftsfläche in Deutschland in einer erweiterten Gemeindestichprobe
Creators: name: Tietz, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Landeigentum
Agrarstruktur
Landwirtschaftsfläche
DFNS 2024

description: In Deutschland existiert keine statistische Erhebung über die Verteilung des Grundeigentums. 2021 wurde in einem Pilotprojekt für Flächen der Nutzungsart Landwirtschaft eine Methode zur Analyse der Eigentumsstrukturen anhand von Eigentümerdaten aus dem Amtlichen Liegenschaftskataster-Informationssystem (ALKIS) entwickelt (Tietz, Neumann und Volkenand, 2021). Diese Methode wurde nun auf eine breit gestreute Zufallsstichprobe von 388 Gemeinden angewendet, die insgesamt jeweils vier Prozent der Landwirtschaftsfläche der einzelnen Bundesländer umfassen.

Die ALKIS-Daten wurden mithilfe von Algorithmen hinsichtlich der personellen Identität von Ei-gentümern aufbereitet und anonymisiert ausgewertet. Neben der Flächengröße individueller Eigentümer wurde auch die aggregierte Fläche von wirtschaftlich zusammen­gehörigen Personen (Haushalten) und Unternehmen berechnet. Dabei wurden auch landwirtschaftliche Haushalte bzw. Unternehmen, die flächenbezogene Prämien der EU-Agrarförderung beziehen, identifiziert. Auswertungen erfolgten hinsichtlich der Verteilung auf Eigentümerkategorien (wie Bund, Land, Kommune, Kirche, natürliche Person, Unternehmen), des Alters und Geschlechts natürlicher Personen und des Wohn-bzw. Firmensitzes der Eigentümer. Zudem wurden der Gini-Koeffizient der Eigentumsverteilung und Kon­zentrations­raten der fünf größten Eigentümer ermittelt.

Alle ermittelten statistischen Merkmale zeigen eine sehr große Variationsbreite in der Stichprobe der untersuchten Gemeinden. Nichtlandwirtschaftliche natürliche Personen sind die größte Ei-gentümerkategorie, der im bundesweiten Mittelwert 48,4 % der Landwirtschafts­fläche (zwischen 4,3 % und 91,2 % pro Gemeinde) gehört. Es folgen landwirtschaftliche Familien­betriebe und Unternehmen mit durchschnittlich 38,4 % (zwischen 3,1 % und 92,6 %) der Landwirtschaftsfläche. Gebiets- und sonstigen Körperschaften gehören zusammen­genommen durchschnittlich 11,1 % der Agrarfläche (zwischen 0,0 % und 65,3 %).

Es zeigen sich teilweise signifikante Unterschiede in den Eigentumsstrukturen, z. B. zwischen den Bundesländern oder bezogen auf verschiedene Grade der Ländlichkeit. Im Mittelpunkt der weiteren Untersuchung steht die Frage nach möglichen Zusammenhängen mit regionalen, politischen oder geographischen Einflussgrößen.
Personality and behavior correlates of social competence in preschool children
Creators: name: Garber, V. Jeannie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A study undertaken to further validate attention structures as a measure of social organization in preschool groups, as well as to find personality correlates from Q-set data with the construct of social competence, as determined by social ranking on attention structure data. Fifty-six subjects, thirty-five boys and twenty-one girls, with an age range of from three years one month to six years two months, from three preschool daycare centres were observed for four months by two independent observers. Correlational analysis and cluster analysis revealed eight strong item clusters highly correlated to attention structure, and readily comparable to research in competence. These clusters may indicate a narrow, age constricted measure of competence. The non-correlated items revealed eleven clusters of behaviors important in personality development, as well as some related to the broader view of social competence. An amalgamation of these clusters may be the basis for a good measure of social competence.