cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Prediction of aerothermal characteristics of a generic hypersonic inlet flow
Creators: name: Fu, Lin
name: Bose, Sanjeeb
name: Moin, Parviz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 76F02, 76F10, 76F40, 76F50

description: The accurate prediction of aerothermal surface loading is of paramount importance for the design of high speed flight vehicles. In this work, we consider the numerical solution of hypersonic flow over a double-finned geometry, representative of the inlet of an air-breathing flight vehicle, characterized by three-dimensional intersecting shock-wave/turbulent boundary-layer interaction at Mach 8.3. High Reynolds numbers ($Re_L \approx 11.6 \times 10^6$ based on free-stream conditions) and the presence of cold walls ($T_w/T_o \approx 0.27$) leading to large near-wall temperature gradients necessitate the use of wall-modeled large-eddy simulation (WMLES) in order to make calculations computationally tractable. The comparison of the WMLES results with experimental measurements shows good agreement in the time-averaged surface heat flux and wall pressure distributions, and the WMLES predictions show reduced errors with respect to the experimental measurements than prior RANS calculations. The favorable comparisons are obtained using an LES wall model based on equilibrium boundary layer approximations despite the presence of numerous non-equilibrium conditions including three dimensionality, shock-boundary layer interactions, and flow separation. Lastly, it is also demonstrated that the use of semi-local eddy viscosity scaling (in lieu of the commonly used van Driest scaling) in the LES wall model is necessary to accurately predict the surface pressure loading and heat fluxes.
description: 27 pages, 27 figures
First encounters on Bethe Lattices and Cayley Trees
Creators: name: Peng, Junhao
name: Sandev, Trifce
name: Kocarev, Ljupco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we consider the first encounter problems between a fixed and/or mobile target A and a moving trap B on Bethe Lattices and Cayley trees. The survival probability (SP) of the target A on the both kinds of structures are analyzed analytically and compared. On Bethe Lattices, the results show that the fixed target will still prolong its survival time, whereas, on Cayley trees, there are some initial positions where the target should move to prolong its survival time. The mean first encounter time (MFET) for mobile target A is evaluated numerically and compared with the mean first passage time (MFPT) for the fixed target A. Different initial settings are addressed and clear boundaries are obtained. These findings are helpful for optimizing the strategy to prolong the survival time of the target or to speed up the search process on Cayley trees, in relation to the target's movement and the initial position configuration of the two walkers. We also present a new method, which uses a small amount of memory, for simulating random walks on Cayley trees.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures
Protective role of Digeria muricata (l) mart. against oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity induced by acrylamide in rats
Creators: name: Ahmed, Sajeela
name: Khan, Muhammad Rashid
Publisher: name: Journal of International Society of Antioxidants in  Nutrition & Health
Year: 2016

description: Background:Digeria muricata is an annual herb and used as medicinal plant. It is an antioxidant and can help to reduce renal disorders and cancer (1). Exposure of acrylamide causes toxic effects on kidneys and other organs (2).
 Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Digeria muricata extract on acrylamide induced oxidative stress and nephrotoxicity in rats at histological and biochemical level.

 Methodology:48 female albino rats were orally administrated with methonalic extract of Digeria muricata (100, 150, 200 mg/kg) for 4 weeks once in a day after the oxidative stress induced by acrylamide 6mg/kg to analyse the histopathological and biochemical assays.
 Results:Acrylamide treatment caused a marked increase in kidney size, serum contents, protein contents, TBARS and decreased the activity of antioxidant enzymes in renal tissues and body weight as compared to control group while, Digeria muricata showed a reverse effects in dose dependant manner. Histopathological study showed the alteration of glomeruli and tubules in renal cortex. While, in extract treated groups these deleterious alternations were reduced or absent. Digeria muricata showed a decrease in DNA damage as compared to acrylamide treated group.
 Conclusion:Digera muricata showed a protective effect against nephrotoxicity induced by acrylamide.
description: Journal of International Society of Antioxidants in  Nutrition & Health, Vol 3, No 4 (2016)
Composition of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of different varieties of Mirabelle plum (P. domestica L. ssp syrica var cerea).
Creators: name: Koss-Mikołajczyk, Izabela
name: Kusznierewicz, Barbara
name: Bartoszek, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: Journal of International Society of Antioxidants in  Nutrition & Health
Year: 2016

description: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of Mirabelle plum variety, the part of the fruit (peel or pulp) and soil quality on composition of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of these fruits. Two varieties of Mirabelle plum fruits (yellow and red) were harvested in 2 places in the North of Poland - Lubawa and Dębiniec - that varied in soil quality. Fruit peel and flesh were separated and tested individually. The composition of phenolic compounds was characterized using HPLC-DAD-MS, total antioxidant activity was assessed by spectrophotometric tests (ABTS, DPPH, FC). Antioxidant profiles were obtained using TLC and HPLC with post-column derivatization.
All considered factors turned out to have strong impact on composition of phenolic compounds as well as on antioxidant activity. The highest content of phenolic compounds was observed in red Mirabelle plum peel from Dębiniec (29.8 mg/g d.w.). Peels showed three to ten times higher content of phenolic compounds than pulp from corresponding fruits. Red fruits showed higher antioxidant activity than yellow fruits, because of their anthocyanins content. Both red and yellow varieties harvested in Dębiniec turned out to be richer source of phenolic compounds than the same varieties harvested from Lubawa.
description: Journal of International Society of Antioxidants in  Nutrition & Health, Vol 3, No 4 (2016)
Maximal benefits and possible detrimental effects of binary decision aids
Creators: name: Meyer, Joachim
name: Kuchar, James K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Binary decision aids, such as alerts, are a simple and widely used form of automation. The formal analysis of a user's task performance with an aid sees the process as the combination of information from two detectors who both receive input about an event and evaluate it. The user's decisions are based on the output of the aid and on the information, the user obtains independently. We present a simple method for computing the maximal benefits a user can derive from a binary aid as a function of the user's and the aid's sensitivities. Combining the user and the aid often adds little to the performance the better detector could achieve alone. Also, if users assign non-optimal weights to the aid, performance may drop dramatically. Thus, the introduction of a valid aid can actually lower detection performance, compared to a more sensitive user working alone. Similarly, adding a user to a system with high sensitivity may lower its performance. System designers need to consider the potential adverse effects of introducing users or aids into systems.
description: Proceedings, 2nd IEEE International Conference on Human-Machine Systems (2021)
FARMATSEVTIKADA INTERFAOL TA'LIMNING AFZALLIKLARI VA QULAYLIKLARI.
Creators: name: Fatilloyeva, X.F.
name: Axmedov, Y.A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ta’limda usullar to‘g‘ri tanlansa, ko‘zlangan natijaga qisqa yo‘l bilan erishish mumkin. Ta’lim-tarbiya sohasining to‘xtovsiz takomillashib borishi va yangi imkoniyatlarning yuzaga kelishi umumta’lim muassasalari oldida turgan vazifalarni muvaffaqiyatli amalga oshirish uchun o‘qitish usullarini muttasil yangilab turishni taqozo etmoqda.
Anomalous thermal properties and spin crossover of ferromagnesite (Mg,Fe)CO3
Creators: name: Hsu, Han
name: Crisostomo, Christian P.
name: Wang, Wenzhong
name: Wu, Zhongqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ferromagnesite (Mg,Fe)CO3, also referred to as magnesiosiderite at high iron concentration, is a solid solution of magnesite (MgCO3) and siderite (FeCO3). Ferromagnesite is believed to enter the Earth's lower mantle via subduction and is considered a major carbon carrier in the Earth's lower mantle, playing a key role in the Earth's deep carbon cycle. Experiments have shown that ferromagnesite undergoes a pressure-induced spin crossover, accompanied by volume and elastic anomalies, in the lower-mantle pressure range. In this work, we investigate thermal properties of (Mg,Fe)CO3 using first-principles calculations. We show that nearly all thermal properties of ferromagnesite are drastically altered by iron spin crossover, including anomalous reduction of volume, anomalous softening of bulk modulus, and anomalous increases of thermal expansion, heat capacity, and Guneisen parameter. Remarkably, the anomaly of heat capacity remains prominent (up to 40%) at high temperature without smearing out, which suggests that iron spin crossover may significantly affect the thermal properties of subducting slabs and the Earth's deep carbon cycle.
description: Main text: 24 pages and 8 figures; Supplemental Material: 8 pages, 3 tables, and 1 figure
Preservation of absolutely continuous spectrum for contractive operators
Creators: name: Treil, Sergei
name: Liaw, Constanze
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 47A55, 30H05, 47B32, 46E22. Secondary 30H10, 47B38

description: We consider contractive operators $T$ that are trace class perturbations of a unitary operator $U$. We prove that the dimension functions of the absolutely continuous spectrum of $T$, $T^*$ and of $U$ coincide. In particular, if $U$ has a purely singular spectrum then the characteristic function $θ$ of $T$ is a two-sided inner function, i.e. $θ(ξ)$ is unitary a.e. on $\mathbb{T}$. Some corollaries of this result are related to investigations of the asymptotic stability of the operators $T$ and $T^*$ (convergence $T^n\to 0$ and $(T^*)^n\to 0$, respectively, in the strong operator topology). The proof is based on an explicit computation of the characteristic function.
description: 15 pages. Typos corrected. Some references to relevant work were added
Cohomological dimension of Laumon 1-motives up to isogenies
Creators: name: Mazzari, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C99, 14L15

description: We prove that the category of Laumon 1-motives up isogenies over a field of characteristic zero is of cohomological dimension $\le 1$. As a consequence this implies the same result for the category of formal Hodge structures of level $\le 1$ (over $\mathbb{Q}$).
description: 11 pages
Extensions of Formal Hodge Structures
Creators: name: Mazzari, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C30

description: We define and study the properties of the category ${\sf FHS}_n$ of formal Hodge structure of level $\le n$ following the ideas of L. Barbieri-Viale who discussed the case of level $\le 1$. As an application we describe the generalized Albanese variety of Esnault, Srinivas and Viehweg via the group $\Ext^1$ in ${\sf FHS}_n$. This formula generalizes the classical one to the case of proper but non necessarily smooth complex varieties.
description: 23 pages
Structural transition and re-emergence of iron's total electron spin in (Mg,Fe)O at ultrahigh pressure
Creators: name: Hsu, Han
name: Umemoto, Koichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fe-bearing MgO [(Mg$_{1-x}$Fe$_x$)O] is considered a major constituent of terrestrial exoplanets. Crystallizing in the B1 structure in the Earth's lower mantle, (Mg$_{1-x}$Fe$_x$)O undergoes a high-spin ($S=2$) to low-spin ($S=0$) transition at $\sim$45 GPa, accompanied by anomalous changes of this mineral's physical properties, while the intermediate-spin ($S=1$) state has not been observed. In this work, we investigate (Mg$_{1-x}$Fe$_x$)O ($x \leq 0.25$) up to $1.8$ TPa via first-principles calculations. Our calculations indicate that (Mg$_{1-x}$Fe$_x$)O undergoes a simultaneous structural and spin transition at $\sim$0.6 TPa, from the B1 phase low-spin state to the B2 phase intermediate-spin state, with Fe's total electron spin $S$ re-emerging from $0$ to $1$ at ultrahigh pressure. Upon further compression, an intermediate-to-low spin transition occurs in the B2 phase. Depending on the Fe concentration ($x$), metal$-$insulator transition and rhombohedral distortions can also occur in the B2 phase. These results suggest that Fe and spin transition may affect planetary interiors over a vast pressure range.
description: Main text: 10 pages and 7 figures. Supplementary Information: 8 pages and 5 figures
Cyclodextrins as potent enhancers of olive secoiridoid extraction – the case of oleuropein in olive waste
Creators: name: Vitali Čepo, Dubravka
name: Jug, Mario
name: Albahari, Petra
name: Zivko, Tomislav
name: Koscica, Petra
Publisher: name: Journal of International Society of Antioxidants in  Nutrition & Health
Year: 2016

description: Oleuropein (OLE) is generally the most prominent phenolic oleoside in Olea europaea and reaches maximal concentrations in young olives and olive leaves. Olive pomace contains significantly lower amounts of OLE but can also be used as widely accessible and valuable source of pharmacologically active polyphenols. Having in mind proven antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherogenic, anti-cancer, antimicrobial, and antiviral effects of OLE, the main purpose of this investigation was to additionally optimize its extraction from olive pomace.  For this purpose, different concentration levels of β-cyclodextrin (βCD), γ-cyclodextrin (γCD), hydroxypropyl-β cyclodextrin (HPβCD) and metyl-β-cyvlodextrin (MetβCD) were used during ultrasound assisted extraction of OLE from olive pomace. Obtained extracts were subsequently freeze-dried and analyzed for OLE content using RP HPLC-DAD. 12 times higher OLE yields were found in extracts containing 8g/L of βCD and ɣCD (532.9±49.2 mg/kg and 541.8±4.8 mg/kg respectively). Extraction with MetβCD also increased oleuropein yields (2.5 times) independently on concentration level of excipient in extraction solvent while HPβCD did not show positive effect on final OLE concentrations. Obtained results indicate that OLE forms inclusion complexes with βCD, ɣCD and probably MetβCD resulting in increased solubility of oleuropein in extraction solvent and improved resistance to degradation during extraction/freeze-drying.
description: Journal of International Society of Antioxidants in  Nutrition & Health, Vol 3, No 4 (2016)
title: Field bean; Tick bean :
title: Guidelines for the Conduct of Tests for Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018

description: The purpose of these guidelines (“Test Guidelines”) is to elaborate the principles contained in the General Introduction (document TG/1/3), and its associated TGP documents, into detailed practical guidance for the harmonized examination of distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) and, in particular, to identify appropriate characteristics for the examination of DUS and production of harmonized variety descriptions.
Influence of Green (Brazilian) propolis on the expression levels of miRNAs related to oxidative stress and inflammation
Creators: name: Di Lorenzo, Arianna
name: Zaccaria, Vincenzo
name: Curti, Valeria
name: Fachini, Alfredo
name: Daglia, Maria
Publisher: name: Journal of International Society of Antioxidants in  Nutrition & Health
Year: 2016

description: Propolis is a natural substance collected by honey bees from different plants. A large body of evidence showed that propolis exerts many physiological and pharmacological properties such as antimicrobial (antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal activities), antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties.
 The mechanisms of action at the basis of propolis capacity to counteract oxidative stress and inflammation has not been yet elucidated. Thus, the aim of this study is to show that a high quality Green Brazilian propolis extract (prepared according to a patented technology) exerts epigenetic effects, being able to modulate the expression levels of miRNAs connected with oxidative stress and inflammation. The epigenetic effect of green propolis was studied by evaluating the expression levels of two miRNAs, miR-27a-3p and miR-19a-3p, in cells HaCat (human keratinocytes), treated with growing concentrations of green propolis tested at sub-toxic concentrations. Moreover, the study of the expression levels of mRNAs coding for NFE2L2 and TNF-α, validated target of miR-27a-3p and miR-19a-3p respectively, revealed a decreased in agreement with the increase of the corresponding miRNA. Thus, we can conclude that propolis exerts its anti-oxidant and antinflammatory effects through an epigenetic mechanism.
description: Journal of International Society of Antioxidants in  Nutrition & Health, Vol 3, No 4 (2016)
Cycle classes and the syntomic regulator
Creators: name: Chiarellotto, B.
name: Ciccioni, A.
name: Mazzari, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F43, 14F30, 19F27

description: Let $V=Spec(R)$ and $R$ be a complete discrete valuation ring of mixed characteristic $(0,p)$. For any flat $R$-scheme $X$ we prove the compatibility of the de Rham fundamental class of the generic fiber and the rigid fundamental class of the special fiber. We use this result to construct a syntomic regulator map $r:CH^i(X/V,2i-n)\to H^n_{syn}(X,i)$, when $X$ is smooth over $V$, with values on the syntomic cohomology defined by A. Besser. Motivated by the previous result we also prove some of the Bloch-Ogus axioms for the syntomic cohomology theory, but viewed as an absolute cohomology theory.
description: 23 pages, improved exposition
Challenges in Deploying Machine Learning: a Survey of Case Studies
Creators: name: Paleyes, Andrei
name: Urma, Raoul-Gabriel
name: Lawrence, Neil D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, machine learning has transitioned from a field of academic research interest to a field capable of solving real-world business problems. However, the deployment of machine learning models in production systems can present a number of issues and concerns. This survey reviews published reports of deploying machine learning solutions in a variety of use cases, industries and applications and extracts practical considerations corresponding to stages of the machine learning deployment workflow. By mapping found challenges to the steps of the machine learning deployment workflow we show that practitioners face issues at each stage of the deployment process. The goal of this paper is to lay out a research agenda to explore approaches addressing these challenges.
description: v3 accepted to publication at ACM Computer Surveys in 2022; v2 presented at The ML-Retrospectives, Surveys & Meta-Analyses Workshop, NeurIPS 2020
Distributive laws for Lawvere theories
Creators: name: Cheng, Eugenia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Distributive laws give a way of combining two algebraic structures expressed as monads; in this paper we propose a theory of distributive laws for combining algebraic structures expressed as Lawvere theories. We propose four approaches, involving profunctors, monoidal profunctors, an extension of the free finite-product category 2-monad from Cat to Prof, and factorisation systems respectively. We exhibit comparison functors between CAT and each of these new frameworks to show that the distributive laws between the Lawvere theories correspond in a suitable way to distributive laws between their associated finitary monads. The different but equivalent formulations then provide, between them, a framework conducive to generalisation, but also an explicit description of the composite theories arising from distributive laws.
description: 30 pages, presented at CT2011, lightly edited 2019 for publication in Compositionality
Extracting Synonyms from Bilingual Dictionaries
Creators: name: Jarrar, Mustafa
name: Karajah, Eman
name: Khalifa, Muhammad
name: Shaalan, Khaled
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present our progress in developing a novel algorithm to extract synonyms from bilingual dictionaries. Identification and usage of synonyms play a significant role in improving the performance of information access applications. The idea is to construct a translation graph from translation pairs, then to extract and consolidate cyclic paths to form bilingual sets of synonyms. The initial evaluation of this algorithm illustrates promising results in extracting Arabic-English bilingual synonyms. In the evaluation, we first converted the synsets in the Arabic WordNet into translation pairs (i.e., losing word-sense memberships). Next, we applied our algorithm to rebuild these synsets. We compared the original and extracted synsets obtaining an F-Measure of 82.3% and 82.1% for Arabic and English synsets extraction, respectively.
description: In Proceedings - 11th International Global Wordnet Conference (GWC2021). Global Wordnet Association (2021)
Perspectives on General Left-Definite Theory
Creators: name: Frymark, Dale
name: Liaw, Constanze
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In 2002, Littlejohn and Wellman developed a celebrated general left-definite theory for semi-bounded self-adjoint operators with many applications to differential operators. The theory starts with a semi-bounded self-adjoint operator and constructs a continuum of related Hilbert spaces and self-adjoint operators that are intimately related with powers of the initial operator. The development spurred a flurry of activity in the field that is still ongoing today. The main goal of this expository (with the exception of Proposition 1) manuscript is to compare and contrast the complementary theories of general left-definite theory, the Birman--Krein--Vishik (BKV) theory of self-adjoint extensions and singular perturbation theory. In this way, we hope to encourage interest in left-definite theory as well as point out directions of potential growth where the fields are interconnected. We include several related open questions to further these goals.
МЕТОДИКА ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ СЛОВООБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОГО КОМПОНЕНТА КОММУНИКАТИВНОЙ КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ У ИНОСТРАННЫХ УЧАЩИХСЯ
Creators: name: Ботирова, Зухра
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: в статье анализируются методики обучения лексике русского языка в узбекской школе, рассказывается о лингвистической базе с учетом своеобразия словарного состава изучаемого языка в сопоставлении с родным, особенностей функционирования лексических средств языка.
On the number of epi-, mono-, and homomorphisms of groups
Creators: name: Brusyanskaya, Elena K.
name: Klyachko, Anton A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is known that the number of homomorphisms from a group $F$ to a group $G$ is divisible by the greatest common divisor of the order of $G$ and the exponent of $F/[F,F]$. We investigate the number of homomorphisms satisfying some natural conditions such as injectivity or surjectivity. The simplest nontrivial corollary of our results is the following fact: {\it in any finite group, the number of generating pairs $(x,y)$ such that $x^3=1=y^5$, is a multiple of the greatest common divisor of 15 and the order of the group $[G,G]\cdot\{g^{15}\;|\;g\in G\}$.
description: 5 pages. A Russian version of this paper is at http://halgebra.math.msu.su/staff/klyachko/papers.htm . V2: minor corrections. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1806.08870
Most Elliptic Curves over Global Function Fields are Torsion Free
Creators: name: Phillips, Tristan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G05, 11F80, 11N36

description: Given an elliptic curve $E$ over a global function field $K$, the Galois action on the $n$-torsion points of $E$ gives rise to a mod-n Galois representation $ρ_{E,n}$. For $K$ satisfying some mild conditions, we show that the set of $E$ for which $ρ_{E,n}$ is as large as possible for all $n$, has density $1$.
description: 8 pages. Minor revisions
On Nilcompactifications of Prime Spectra of Commutative Rings
Creators: name: G., Lorenzo Acosta
name: P., I. Marcela Rubio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54D35 (Primary), 54B30, 54B35 (Secondary)

description: Given a ring R and S one of its proper ideals, we obtain a compactification of the prime spectrum of S through a mainly algebraic process. We name it the R-nilcompactification of SpecS. We study some categorical properties of this construction.
description: 13 pages, 7 Tikz figures
Generalization of Scarpis's theorem on Hadamard matrices
Creators: name: Djokovic, Dragomir Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A $\{1,-1\}$-matrix $H$ of order $m$ is a Hadamard matrix if $HH^T=mI_m$, where $T$ is the transposition operator and $I_m$ the identity matrix of order $m$. J. Hadamard published his paper on Hadamard matrices in 1893. Five years later, Scarpis showed how one can use a Hadamard matrix of order $n=1+p$, $p\equiv 3 \pmod{4}$ a prime, to construct a bigger Hadamard matrix of order $pn$. In this note we show that Scarpis's construction can be extended to the more general case where $p$ is replaced by a prime power $q$.
description: 3 pages
Stability of AVTD Behavior within the Polarized $T^2$-symmetric vacuum spacetimes
Creators: name: Ames, Ellery
name: Beyer, Florian
name: Isenberg, James
name: Oliynyk, Todd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove stability of the family of Kasner solutions within the class of polarized $T^2$-symmetric solutions of the vacuum Einstein equations in the contracting time direction with respect to an areal time foliation. All Kasner solutions for which the asymptotic velocity parameter $K$ satisfies $|K-1|>2$ are non-linearly stable, and all sufficiently small perturbations exhibit asymptotically velocity term dominated (AVTD) behavior and blow-up of the Kretschmann scalar.
description: 28 pages. Fixed minor typos and made several clarifications. Agrees with published version
3D Gaze Recovery in Large Environments Using Visual SLAM
Creators: name: Paletta, Lucas
name: Santner, Katrin
name: Hofmann, Albert
name: Thallinger, Georg
Publisher: name: SAGA - International Workshop on Solutions for Automatic Gaze Data Analysis : Proceedings
Year: 2013

description: SAGA - International Workshop on Solutions for Automatic Gaze Data Analysis : Proceedings, SAGA 2013: 1st International Workshop on Solutions for Automatic Gaze Data Analysis, Bielefeld, 24.-25. Oktober 2013
Visual Context and Language Comprehension: The Resilience of the Recent-Event Preference
Creators: name: Abashidze, Dato
name: Knoeferle, Pia
name: Nella Carminati, Maria
Publisher: name: SAGA - International Workshop on Solutions for Automatic Gaze Data Analysis : Proceedings
Year: 2013

description: SAGA - International Workshop on Solutions for Automatic Gaze Data Analysis : Proceedings, SAGA 2013: 1st International Workshop on Solutions for Automatic Gaze Data Analysis, Bielefeld, 24.-25. Oktober 2013
Semantics, Specification Logic, and Hoare Logic of Exact Real Computation
Creators: name: Park, Sewon
name: Brauße, Franz
name: Collins, Pieter
name: Kim, SunYoung
name: Konečný, Michal
name: Lee, Gyesik
name: Müller, Norbert
name: Neumann, Eike
name: Preining, Norbert
name: Ziegler, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.1; G.1.0; I.1.2
subject: 03B70, 65Y99, 68P, 68N, 68Q

description: We propose a simple imperative programming language, ERC, that features arbitrary real numbers as primitive data type, exactly. Equipped with a denotational semantics, ERC provides a formal programming language-theoretic foundation to the algorithmic processing of real numbers. In order to capture multi-valuedness, which is well-known to be essential to real number computation, we use a Plotkin powerdomain and make our programming language semantics computable and complete: all and only real functions computable in computable analysis can be realized in ERC. The base programming language supports real arithmetic as well as implicit limits; expansions support additional primitive operations (such as a user-defined exponential function). By restricting integers to Presburger arithmetic and real coercion to the `precision' embedding $\mathbb{Z}\ni p\mapsto 2^p\in\mathbb{R}$, we arrive at a first-order theory which we prove to be decidable and model-complete. Based on said logic as specification language for preconditions and postconditions, we extend Hoare logic to a sound (w.r.t. the denotational semantics) and expressive system for deriving correct total correctness specifications. Various examples demonstrate the practicality and convenience of our language and the extended Hoare logic.
Semi-automatic annotation of eye-tracking recordings in terms of human torso, face and hands
Creators: name: De Beugher, Stijn
name: Brône, Geert
name: Goedemé, Toon
Publisher: name: SAGA - International Workshop on Solutions for Automatic Gaze Data Analysis : Proceedings
Year: 2015

description: SAGA - International Workshop on Solutions for Automatic Gaze Data Analysis : Proceedings, SAGA 2015: 2nd International Workshop on Solutions for Automatic Gaze Data Analysis, Bielefeld, 29.-30. September 2015
Holographic tensor network models and quantum error correction: A topical review
Creators: name: Jahn, Alexander
name: Eisert, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent progress in studies of holographic dualities, originally motivated by insights from string theory, has led to a confluence with concepts and techniques from quantum information theory. A particularly successful approach has involved capturing holographic properties by means of tensor networks which not only give rise to physically meaningful correlations of holographic boundary states, but also reproduce and refine features of quantum error correction in holography. This topical review provides an overview over recent successful realizations of such models. It does so by building on an introduction of the theoretical foundations of AdS/CFT and necessary quantum information concepts, many of which have themselves developed into independent, rapidly evolving research fields.
description: 43 pages, 12 figures, replaced by final version
Linear-time logics -- a coalgebraic perspective
Creators: name: Cirstea, Corina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe a general approach to deriving linear-time logics for a wide variety of state-based, quantitative systems, by modelling the latter as coalgebras whose type incorporates both branching and linear behaviour. Concretely, we define logics whose syntax is determined by the type of linear behaviour, and whose domain of truth values is determined by the type of branching behaviour, and we provide two semantics for them: a step-wise semantics akin to that of standard coalgebraic logics, and a path-based semantics akin to that of standard linear-time logics. The former semantics is useful for model checking, whereas the latter is the more natural semantics, as it measures the extent with which qualitative properties hold along computation paths from a given state. Our main result is the equivalence of the two semantics. We also provide a semantic characterisation of a notion of logical distance induced by these logics. Instances of our logics support reasoning about the possibility, likelihood or minimal cost of exhibiting a given linear-time property.
Interpreted machine learning in fluid dynamics: Explaining relaminarisation events in wall-bounded shear flows
Creators: name: Lellep, Martin
name: Prexl, Jonathan
name: Eckhardt, Bruno
name: Linkmann, Moritz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine Learning (ML) is becoming increasingly popular in fluid dynamics. Powerful ML algorithms such as neural networks or ensemble methods are notoriously difficult to interpret. Here, we introduce the novel Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) algorithm (Lundberg & Lee, 2017), a game-theoretic approach that explains the output of a given ML model, in the fluid dynamics context. We give a proof of concept concerning SHAP as an explainable AI method providing useful and human-interpretable insight for fluid dynamics. To show that the feature importance ranking provided by SHAP can be interpreted physically, we first consider data from an established low-dimensional model based on the self-sustaining process (SSP) in wall-bounded shear flows, where each data feature has a clear physical and dynamical interpretation in terms of known representative features of the near-wall dynamics, i.e. streamwise vortices, streaks and linear streak instabilities. SHAP determines consistently that only the laminar profile, the streamwise vortex, and a specific streak instability play a major role in the prediction. We demonstrate that the method can be applied to larger fluid dynamics datasets by a SHAP evaluation on plane Couette flow in a minimal flow unit focussing on the relevance of streaks and their instabilities for the prediction of relaminarisation events. Here, we find that the prediction is based on proxies for streak modulations corresponding to linear streak instabilities within the SSP. That is, the SHAP analysis suggests that the break-up of the self-sustaining cycle is connected with a suppression of streak instabilities.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures
Analyzing Patterns of Eye Movements in Social Interactions
Creators: name: Pfeiffer-Leßmann, Nadine
name: Renner, Patrick
name: Pfeiffer, Thies
Publisher: name: SAGA - International Workshop on Solutions for Automatic Gaze Data Analysis : Proceedings
Year: 2015

description: SAGA - International Workshop on Solutions for Automatic Gaze Data Analysis : Proceedings, SAGA 2015: 2nd International Workshop on Solutions for Automatic Gaze Data Analysis, Bielefeld, 29.-30. September 2015
Quantum Channel Marginal Problem
Creators: name: Hsieh, Chung-Yun
name: Lostaglio, Matteo
name: Acín, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given a set of local dynamics, are they compatible with a global dynamics? We systematically formulate these questions as quantum channel marginal problems. These problems are strongly connected to the generalization of the no-signaling conditions to quantized inputs and outputs and can be understood as a general toolkit to study notions of quantum incompatibility. In fact, they include as special cases channel broadcasting, channel extendibility, measurement compatibility, and state marginal problems. After defining the notion of compatibility between global and local dynamics, we provide a solution to the channel marginal problem that takes the form of a semidefinite program. Using this formulation, we construct channel incompatibility witnesses, discuss their operational interpretation in terms of an advantage for a state-discrimination task, prove a gap between classical and quantum dynamical marginal problems and show that the latter is irreducible to state marginal problems.
description: 4+11 pages and 1 figure with new results
Collecting memories: the impact of active object handling on recall and search times
Creators: name: Draschkow, Dejan
name: Võ, Melissa L.-H.
Publisher: name: SAGA - International Workshop on Solutions for Automatic Gaze Data Analysis : Proceedings
Year: 2015

description: SAGA - International Workshop on Solutions for Automatic Gaze Data Analysis : Proceedings, SAGA 2015: 2nd International Workshop on Solutions for Automatic Gaze Data Analysis, Bielefeld, 29.-30. September 2015
Topological Analysis and Synthesis of Structures related to Certain Classes of K-Geodetic Computer Networks
Creators: name: Frasser, Carlos E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A fundamental characteristic of computer networks is their topological structure. The question of the description of the structural characteristics of computer networks represents a problem that is not completely solved. Search methods for structures of computer networks, for which the values of the selected parameters of their operation quality are extreme, have not been completely developed. The construction of computer networks with optimum indices of their operation quality is reduced to the solution of discrete optimization problems over graphs. This paper describes in detail the advantages of the practical use of k-geodetic graphs [2, 3] in the topological design of computer networks as an alternative for the solution of the fundamental problems mentioned above which, we believe, are still open. Also, the topological analysis and synthesis of some classes of these networks have been performed.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Manifold learning for coarse-graining atomistic simulations: Application to amorphous solids
Creators: name: Kontolati, Katiana
name: Alix-Williams, Darius
name: Boffi, Nicholas M.
name: Falk, Michael L.
name: Rycroft, Chris H.
name: Shields, Michael D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a generalized machine learning framework to probabilistically parameterize upper-scale models in the form of nonlinear PDEs consistent with a continuum theory, based on coarse-grained atomistic simulation data of mechanical deformation and flow processes. The proposed framework utilizes a hypothesized coarse-graining methodology with manifold learning and surrogate-based optimization techniques. Coarse-grained high-dimensional data describing quantities of interest of the multiscale models are projected onto a nonlinear manifold whose geometric and topological structure is exploited for measuring behavioral discrepancies in the form of manifold distances. A surrogate model is constructed using Gaussian process regression to identify a mapping between stochastic parameters and distances. Derivative-free optimization is employed to adaptively identify a unique set of parameters of the upper-scale model capable of rapidly reproducing the system's behavior while maintaining consistency with coarse-grained atomic-level simulations. The proposed method is applied to learn the parameters of the shear transformation zone (STZ) theory of plasticity that describes plastic deformation in amorphous solids as well as coarse-graining parameters needed to translate between atomistic and continuum representations. We show that the methodology is able to successfully link coarse-grained microscale simulations to macroscale observables and achieve a high-level of parity between the models across scales.
description: 34 pages, 12 figures, references added, Section 4 added, Section 2.1 updated
Language and gaze cues: findings from the real world and the lab
Creators: name: Macdonald, Ross
name: Staudte, Maria
name: Tatler, Benjamin
Publisher: name: SAGA - International Workshop on Solutions for Automatic Gaze Data Analysis : Proceedings
Year: 2015

description: SAGA - International Workshop on Solutions for Automatic Gaze Data Analysis : Proceedings, SAGA 2015: 2nd International Workshop on Solutions for Automatic Gaze Data Analysis, Bielefeld, 29.-30. September 2015
Molecular targets and mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine combined with chemotherapy for gastric cancer: a meta-analysis and multi-omics approach
Creators: name: Lin, Jie
name: Wang, Jincheng
name: Zhao, Kai
name: Li, Yongzhi
name: Zhang, Xuewen
name: Sheng, Jiyao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The combination of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with chemotherapy has been widely applied in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC). However, previous clinical studies have been constrained by small sample sizes and a lack of investigation into the molecular mechanisms of TCM. This study aims to assess the efficacy of TCM in treating GC by leveraging the strengths of meta-analysis and multi-omics approaches while also summarizing the underlying pharmacological mechanisms. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis were conducted using online databases to collect data before May 2024. This was to investigate the association between TCM combined with chemotherapy and the prognosis in GC. The molecular targets between the high-frequency TCMs and GC were identified through network pharmacology. The underlying mechanisms were investigated using multi-omics 9 studies with 2,158 patients were included. The meta-analysis results demonstrated that the combination of TCM and chemotherapy significantly improved the overall survival (OS) of GC patients (OR = 2.91; 95% CI: 2.70–3.12, p < 0.00001) and enhanced their quality of life (OR = 4.00; 95% CI: 1.99–8.03, p < 0.0001). Network pharmacology analysis identified 13 potential molecular targets of TCM in GC; additionally, multi-omics analysis highlighted the significant roles of MK, MIF, GALECTIN, and CypA signaling pathways in GC. The combination of TCM with chemotherapy significantly improves the prognosis of GC; future research can focus on these key molecular targets and signaling pathways. This supports the application of precision medicine in cancer treatment and suggests the rational use of TCM in managing GC.
Sparse juntas on the biased hypercube
Creators: name: Dinur, Irit
name: Filmus, Yuval
name: Harsha, Prahladh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a structure theorem for Boolean functions on the $p$-biased hypercube which are $ε$-close to degree $d$ in $L_2$, showing that they are close to sparse juntas. Our structure theorem implies that such functions are $O(ε^{C_d} + p)$-close to constant functions. We pinpoint the exact value of the constant $C_d$. We also give an analogous result for monotone Boolean functions on the biased hypercube which are $ε$-close to degree $d$ in $L_2$, showing that they are close to sparse DNFs. Our structure theorems are optimal in the following sense: for every $d,ε,p$, we identify a class $\mathcal{F}_{d,ε,p}$ of degree $d$ sparse juntas which are $O(ε)$-close to Boolean (in the monotone case, width $d$ sparse DNFs) such that a Boolean function on the $p$-biased hypercube is $O(ε)$-close to degree $d$ in $L_2$ iff it is $O(ε)$-close to a function in $\mathcal{F}_{d,ε,p}$.
description: 44 pages. TheoretiCS journal article
TAR DNA-binding Protein 43 as a Damage-associated Molecular Pattern in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis-related Neuroinflammation
Creators: name: Meyer, Tizian Keno
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: ALS
subject: TDP-43
subject: Neuroinflammation
subject: NLRP3-Inflammasom
subject: Mikroglia
subject: ddc:610

description: ALS as one of the most common and aggressive neuromuscular diseases is characterized by rapidly progressing and, in later stages, generalized muscular decline. As of today, limited therapeutic options exist and there is no significant disease modifying therapy. Pathological hallmarks are mislocalized, insoluble cytoplasmic protein aggregates positive for TDP-43 that are prevalent mainly in motor neurons. While disease etiology is complex and remains an enduring enigma, neuroinflammation is emerging as a key player in recent years. Drivers of this process are predominantly microglia, which represent the first line of defense within the CNS. In a self-amplifying manner, their overactivation can account for non-cell autonomous toxicity and exacerbates disease progression. A profound knowledge of underlying mechanisms is therefore of eminent importance.
 In this study, I was able to examine in detail the stimulatory potential of TDP-43 protein species as one of the hallmarks in ALS pathology. I report for the first time of the differential effects of monomeric and fibrillary isoforms in both macrophage cell lines and primary microglia and exemplify results using human tissue. Upon stimulation with monomeric TDP-43, the NLRP3 inflammasome, a key regulator of inflammation, is activated and a broad variety of immune mediators are upregulated. These include TNF-α and IL-6 as two prototypical proinflammatory mediators. In addition, the existing knowledge is expanded to the effect that Toll-like receptors are involved in sensing TDP-43 molecules and initiate an intracellular signaling cascade which leads to NLRP3 inflammasome priming and activation provoking early apoptosis.
 Taken together, the results underline that TDP-43 as an important ALS-associated protein species is a crucial player in ALS pathology, namely the neuroinflammatory process. The data provide evidence that monomeric TDP-43 in its wild-type full-length form can drive neuroinflammation.