cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Oscillations of high energy neutrinos in matter: Precise formalism and parametric resonance
Creators: name: Akhmedov, E. Kh.
name: Maltoni, M.
name: Smirnov, A. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a formalism for precise description of oscillation phenomena in matter at high energies or high densities, V > Δm^2/2E, where V is the matter-induced potential of neutrinos. The accuracy of the approximation is determined by the quantity \sin^2 2θ_m ΔV/2πV, where θ_m is the mixing angle in matter and ΔV is a typical change of the potential over the oscillation length (l \sim 2π/V). We derive simple and physically transparent formulas for the oscillation probabilities, which are valid for arbitrary matter density profiles. They can be applied to oscillations of high energy (E > 10 GeV) accelerator, atmospheric and cosmic neutrinos in the matter of the Earth, substantially simplifying numerical calculations and providing an insight into the physics of neutrino oscillations in matter. The effect of parametric enhancement of the oscillations of high energy neutrinos is considered. Future high statistics experiments can provide an unambiguous evidence for this effect.
description: LaTeX, 5 pages, 1 figure. Linestyles in the figure corrected to match their description in the caption; improved discussion of the accuracy of the results; references added. Results and conclusions unchanged
Photometry of comet 9P/Tempel 1 during the 2004/2005 approach and the Deep Impact module impact
Creators: name: Milani, G. A.
name: Szabó, Gy. M.
name: Sostero, G.
name: Trabatti, R.
name: Ligustri, R.
name: Nicolini, M.
name: Facchini, M.
name: Tirelli, D.
name: Carosati, D.
name: Vinante, C.
name: Higgins, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of the 9P/Tempel 1 CARA (Cometary Archive for Amateur Astronomers) observing campaign is presented. The main goal was to perform an extended survey of the comet as a support to the Deep Impact (DI) Mission. CCD R, I and narrowband aperture photometries were used to monitor the $Afρ$ quantity. The observed behaviour showed a peak of 310 cm 83 days before perihelion, but we argue that it could be distorted by the phase effect, too. The phase effect is roughly estimated around 0.0275 mag/degree, but we had no chance for direct determination because of the very similar geometry of the observed apparitions. The log-slope of $Afρ$ was around -0.5 between about 180--100 days before the impact but evolved near the steady-state like 0 value by the impact time. The DI module impact caused an about 60%{} increase in the value of $Afρ$ and a cloud feature in the coma profile which was observed just after the event. The expansion of the ejecta cloud was consistent with a fountain model with initial projected velocity of 0.2 km/s and $β$=0.73. Referring to a 25~000 km radius area centered on the nucleus, the total cross section of the ejected dust was 8.2/$A$ km$^2$ 0.06 days after the impact, and 1.2/$A$ km$^2$ 1.93 days after the impact ($A$ is the dust albedo). 5 days after the event no signs of the impact were detected nor deviations from the expected activity referring both to the average pre-impact behaviour and to the previous apparitions ones.
description: 25 pages (including cover pages), 9 figures, 1 table, accepted by Icarus DI Special Issue
„Ein Zwydorn von einem Sachsen und Schlesier“
Creators: name: Hirschmann, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch Ständige Konferenz Mitteldeutsche Barockmusik
Year: 2018

description: Gegenstand dieser Studie ist der in der Lausitz geborene Librettist Christoph Gottlieb Wend, der seit etwa 1725 in Hamburg nachweisbar ist und in der Folgezeit zu den wichtigsten Gestalten des Operntheaters am Gänsemarkt gehörte – eine Persönlichkeit also, die zwischen Musik und Literatur stand. Wend ist nicht nur als Operndichter hervorgetreten, sondern auch als Übersetzer, Herausgeber, Verfasser von Texten zur Musik und Casualpoet. Seine Kunstfertigkeit auf vielen Gebieten lässt es berechtigt erscheinen, in dem „Zwydorn von einem Sachsen und Schlesier“, als welchen sich Wend selbst bezeichnete, einen „Exportschlager“ der mitteldeutschen Literatur- und Musikgeschichte zu sehen. (der Autor) Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online
description: Jahrbuch Ständige Konferenz Mitteldeutsche Barockmusik, Bd. 8 (2007): Jahrbuch 2006: Die Oberlausitz - eine Grenzregion der mitteldeutschen Barockmusik
Selaginella apoda Spring 1840
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Lycopodiopsida
Selaginellales
Selaginellaceae
Selaginella
Selaginella apoda

description: Lycopodium apodum Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 1105. 1753.
"Habitat in Carolina, Virginia, Pensylvania." RCN: 7979.
 Lectotype (Fraile in Davidse & al., Fl. Mesoamericana 1: 29. 1995): Kalm, Herb. Linn. No. 1257.27 (LINN).
 Current name: Selaginella apoda (L.) Spring (Selaginellaceae).
 Note: See Morton (in Amer. Fern J. 57: 104-106. 1967) and Rauschert (in Feddes Repert. 94: 289. 1983), who discuss the orthography of the epithet.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 646, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Functional polarity in neurons: what can we learn from studying an exception?
Creators: name: Urban, Nathan
name: Castro, Jason B.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Dendrites and axons typically handle very different aspects of neuronal signaling. However, many of the functional distinctions between these two types of processes are absent in neurons with release-competent dendrites. This raises fundamental questions about the molecular mechanisms that promote and permit functional specialization, and suggests that the 'exceptional' case of presynaptic dendrites may provide important clues on how neuronal polarity is established. To help stimulate thinking on this new front, we summarize some key aspects of the physiology of dendritic neurotransmitter release, together with recent work on the molecular basis of neuronal polarity.
Beiträge aus Görlitz stammender Musiker zur geistlichen Musikkultur Schlesiens in der Zeit der Rekatholisierung
Creators: name: Pośpiech, Remigiusz
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch Ständige Konferenz Mitteldeutsche Barockmusik
Year: 2018

description: An der Wende vom 16. zum 17. Jahrhundert waren viele aus Görlitz stammende Musiker in verschiedenen Teilen Schlesiens tätig. Während der Zeit der Rekatholisierung war insbesondere in Breslau eine besonders reiche geistliche Musikkultur vorhanden. Der Beitrag widmet sich insbesondere den Görlitzer Komponisten Johannes Nucius und Thomas Fritsch, die nach ihrer evangelischen Schulausbildung zum Katholizismus übertraten und in der Folge vorrangig geistliche Werke auf lateinische Texte schufen. Bemerkungen zum kompositorischen Werk Nuciusʼ und Fritschs werden eingebettet in eine allgemeine Betrachtung der Musikkultur des Bistums Breslau, das sich vom Beginn der Reformation bis zum Ausbruch des Dreißigjährigen Krieges durch ein nahezu konfliktfreies Zusammenleben der Konfessionen auszeichnete. (Wendelin Bitzan) Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online
description: Jahrbuch Ständige Konferenz Mitteldeutsche Barockmusik, Bd. 8 (2007): Jahrbuch 2006: Die Oberlausitz - eine Grenzregion der mitteldeutschen Barockmusik
Introduction to Bimatrices
Creators: name: Kandasamy, W. B. Vasantha
name: Smarandache, Florentin
name: Ilanthenral, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 10M20; 11C20; 15-XX

description: Generally any real-world problem is not always solvable, because in that not only a percentage of uncertainty is present, but also, a certain percentage of indeterminacy is present. The presence of uncertainty has been analyzed using fuzzy logic. In this book the amount of indeterminacy is being analyzed using neutrosophic logic. Most of these models use the concept of matrices. Matrices have certain limitation; when the models are time-dependent and any two experts' opinions are being studied simultaneously, one cannot compare both of them at each stage. The new concept of bimatrices would certainly cater to these needs. A bimatrix AB = A1 U A2, where A1 and A2 are distinct matrices of arbitrary order. This book introduces the concept of bimatrices, and studies several notions like bieigen values, bieigen vectors, characteristic bipolynomials, bitransformations, bioperators and bidiagonalization. Further, we introduce and explore the concepts like fuzzy bimatrices, neutrosophic bimatrices and fuzzy neutrosophic bimatrices, which will find its application in fuzzy and neutrosophic logic.
description: 181 pages
Effective Field Theory Lagrangians for Baryons with Two and Three Heavy Quarks
Creators: name: Brambilla, Nora
name: Roesch, Thomas
name: Vairo, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By analogy with pNRQCD, we construct Effective Field Theories suitable to describe the heavy-quark sector of baryons made of two and three heavy quarks. A long-standing discrepancy between the hyperfine splitting of doubly heavy baryons obtained in the HQET and potential models is solved. The one-loop matching of the 4-quark operators of dimension 6 is provided.
description: 37 pages, 4 figures, revtex4, feynmf.sty; typos corrected, reference added. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Görlitzer Musikleben und -beziehungen von 1570 bis 1750
Creators: name: Möller, Eberhard
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch Ständige Konferenz Mitteldeutsche Barockmusik
Year: 2018

description: Über Jahrhunderte gab es in der oberlausitzischen Stadt Görlitz ein intaktes und reiches Musikleben, das sich – abgesehen von den engen Kontakten zu Schlesien – in seiner Struktur nicht wesentlich von dem anderer mitteldeutscher Städte unterschied. Die weit über die Oberlausitz hinausreichenden Kontakte waren jedoch für Görlitz von großem Nutzen. Der wirtschaftliche und politische Höhepunkt der Region, in der Görlitz als wichtigste Stadt des 1346 gegründeten Sechsbundes besondere Bedeutung zukam, war zwar seit der Mitte des 16. Jahrhunderts überschritten; dennoch blieb die Stadt ein Ausgangspunkt vielfältiger und nachhaltiger musikalischer Impulse. Es werden die Biographien von vier Görlitzer Komponisten des 16. und frühen 17. Jahrhunderts vorgestellt sowie die Musikpflege in verschiedenen städtischen Institutionen erläutert. (Wendelin Bitzan) Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online
description: Jahrbuch Ständige Konferenz Mitteldeutsche Barockmusik, Bd. 8 (2007): Jahrbuch 2006: Die Oberlausitz - eine Grenzregion der mitteldeutschen Barockmusik
Critical points of arbitrary energy for the Trudinger-Moser functional in planar domains
Creators: name: Malchiodi, Andrea
name: Martinazzi, Luca
name: Thizy, Pierre-Damien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A16, 35J61

description: Given a smoothly bounded non-contractible domain $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^2$, we prove the existence of positive critical points of the Trudinger-Moser embedding for arbitrary Dirichlet energies. This is done via degree theory, sharp compactness estimates and a topological argument relying on the Poincaré-Hopf theorem.
Time-Dependent Ionization in Radiatively Cooling Gas
Creators: name: Gnat, Orly
name: Sternberg, Amiel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new computations of the equilibrium and non-equilibrium cooling efficiencies and ionization states for low-density radiatively cooling gas containing cosmic abundances of the elements H, He, C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, and Fe. We present results for gas temperatures between 1e4 and 1e8 K, assuming dust-free and optically thin conditions, and no external radiation. For non-equilibrium cooling we solve the coupled time-dependent ionization and energy loss equations for a radiating gas cooling from an initially hot, >5e6K equilibrium state, down to 1e4K. We present results for heavy element compositions ranging from 1e-3 to 2 times the elemental abundances in the Sun. We consider gas cooling at constant density (isochoric) and at constant pressure (isobaric). We calculate the critical column densities and temperatures at which radiatively cooling clouds make the dynamical transition from isobaric to isochoric evolution. We construct ion ratio diagnostics for the temperature and metallicity in radiatively cooling gas. We provide numerical estimates for the maximal cloud column densities for which the gas remains optically thin to the cooling radiation. We present our computational results in convenient on-line figures and tables (see http://wise-obs.tau.ac.il/~orlyg/cooling/).
description: 20 pages, 12 figures. ApJS in press. Electronic data available at http://wise-obs.tau.ac.il/~orlyg/cooling/
Facebook drives behavior of passive households in stock markets
Creators: name: Siikanen, Milla
name: Baltakys, Kęstutis
name: Kanniainen, Juho
name: Vatrapu, Ravi
name: Mukkamala, Raghava
name: Hussain, Abid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Recent studies using data on social media and stock markets have mainly focused on predicting stock returns. Instead of predicting stock price movements, we examine the relation between Facebook data and investors' decision making in stock markets with a unique data on investors' transactions on Nokia. We find that the decisions to buy versus sell are associated with Facebook data especially for passive households and also for nonprofit organizations. At the same time, it seems that more sophisticated investors---financial and insurance institutions---are behaving independently from Facebook activities.
description: This paper is forthcoming in Finance Research Letters
Gluons at finite temperature in Landau gauge Yang--Mills theory
Creators: name: Maas, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The infrared behavior of Yang-Mills theory at finite temperature provides access to the role of confinement. In this review recent results on this topic from lattice calculations and especially Dyson-Schwinger studies are discussed. These indicate persistence of a residual confinement even in the high-temperature phase. The confinement mechanism is very similar to the one in the vacuum for the chromomagnetic sector. In the chromoelectric sector screening occurs at the soft scale g^2T, although not leading to a perturbative behavior.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, invited brief review for MPLA
Das Görlitzer bürgerliche Musikleben in der ersten Hälfte des 17. Jahrhunderts – mit der Beschreibung einer musikikonographischen Quelle
Creators: name: Napp, Thomas
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch Ständige Konferenz Mitteldeutsche Barockmusik
Year: 2018

description: Mit Beginn des Dreißigjährigen Krieges kam es weithin zu Einschränkungen und Unterbrechungen im bürgerlichen Musizieren – so auch in Görlitz, wo sich die Spuren der 1570 initiierten Musikvereinigung „Convivium musicum“ im zweiten Jahrzehnt des 17. Jahrhunderts verlieren. Ab den 1640er Jahren kam es durch Andreas Hammerschmidt, Organist an der Johanniskirche Zittau, der einige Werke den Görlitzer Musikfreunden widmete, zu einer Wiederbelebung. Ein anlässlich des Görlitzer Schützenfestes von 1658 entstandenes Triptychon in Öl, das die zu dieser Zeit aktiven Stadtpfeifer zeigt, erlaubt Rückschlüsse auf die soziale Stellung der dargestellten Musiker. Wenn auch die wirtschaftliche wie kulturelle Blüte in Görlitz schon vorüber zu sein schien, so lässt sich an diesen Quellen nach wie vor der Rang eines anspruchsvollen bürgerlichen Musizierens ablesen. (Wendelin Bitzan) Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online
description: Jahrbuch Ständige Konferenz Mitteldeutsche Barockmusik, Bd. 8 (2007): Jahrbuch 2006: Die Oberlausitz - eine Grenzregion der mitteldeutschen Barockmusik
title: ADCO, Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0116
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0116, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0116, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Spin Squeezing with Itinerant Dipoles: A Case for Shallow Lattices
Creators: name: Wellnitz, David
name: Mamaev, Mikhail
name: Bilitewski, Thomas
name: Rey, Ana Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entangled spin squeezed states generated via dipolar interactions in lattice models provide unique opportunities for quantum enhanced sensing and are now within reach of current experiments. A critical question in this context is which parameter regimes offer the best prospects under realistic conditions. Light scattering in deep lattices can induce significant decoherence and strong Stark shifts, while shallow lattices face motional decoherence as a fundamental obstacle. Here we analyze the interplay between motion and spin squeezing in itinerant fermionic dipoles in one dimensional chains using exact matrix product state simulations. We demonstrate that shallow lattices can achieve more than 5dB of squeezing, outperforming deep lattices by up to more than 3dB, even in the presence of low filling, loss and decoherence. We relate this finding to SU(2)-symmetric superexchange interactions, which keep spins aligned and protect collective correlations. We show that the optimal regime is achieved for small repulsive off-site interactions, with a trade-off between maximal squeezing and optimal squeezing time.
description: 4.5+5.5 pages, 4+4 figures
Selaginella bryopteris Baker
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Lycopodiopsida
Selaginellales
Selaginellaceae
Selaginella
Selaginella bryopteris

description: Lycopodium bryopteris Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 1103. 1753.
"Habitat in India." RCN: 7972.
Type not designated.
Original material: [icon] in Morison, Pl. Hist. Univ. 3: 628, s. 15, t. 7, f. 51. 1699; [icon] in Plukenet, Phytographia: t. 100, f. 3. 1691; Almag. Bot.: 257. 1696; [icon] in Dillenius, Hist. Musc.: 472, t. 66, f. 11. 1741.
 Current name: Selaginella bryopteris (L.) Baker (Selaginellaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 646, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Frequencies of hydrophobic and hydrophilic runs and alternations in proteins of known structure.
Creators: name: Schwartz, Russell
name: King, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Patterns of alternation of hydrophobic and polar residues are a profound aspect of amino acid sequences, but a feature not easily interpreted for soluble proteins. Here we report statistics of hydrophobicity patterns in proteins of known structure in a current protein database as compared with results from earlier, more limited structure sets. Previous studies indicated that long hydrophobic runs, common in membrane proteins, are underrepresented in soluble proteins. Long runs of hydrophobic residues remain significantly underrepresented in soluble proteins, with none longer than 16 residues observed. These long runs most commonly occur as buried alpha helices, with extended hydrophobic strands less common. Avoiding aggregation of partially folded intermediates during intracellular folding remains a viable explanation for the rarity of long hydrophobic runs in soluble proteins. Comparison between database editions reveals robustness of statistics on aqueous proteins despite an approximately twofold increase in nonredundant sequences. The expanded database does now allow us to explain several deviations of hydrophobicity statistics from models of random sequence in terms of requirements of specific secondary structure elements. Comparison to prior membrane-bound protein sequences, however, shows significant qualitative changes, with the average hydrophobicity and frequency of long runs of hydrophobic residues noticeably increasing between the database editions. These results suggest that the aqueous proteins of solved structure may represent an essentially complete sample of the universe of aqueous sequences, while the membrane proteins of known structure are not yet representative of the universe of membrane-associated proteins, even by relatively simple measures of hydrophobic patterns.
Zur Rezeption des Stile nuovo in der Oberlausitz
Creators: name: Wollny, Peter
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch Ständige Konferenz Mitteldeutsche Barockmusik
Year: 2018

description: Die um 1600 von Italien ausgehenden musikalischen Umwälzungen stießen in den protestantischen Territorien Deutschlands lange Zeit auf Widerstand. Zudem verlor Mitteldeutschland, bedingt durch die Verheerungen des Dreißigjährigen Krieges, ab den 1630er Jahren den Anschluss an moderne Entwicklungen. So sind hier um die Mitte des 17. Jahrhunderts keine nennenswerten musikalischen Quellenkomplexe erhalten. Einer peripheren Quelle wie der Sammelhandschrift Mus. Löb 53 der Sächsischen Landesbibliothek kommt deshalb besondere Bedeutung zu, zumal sie die künstlerischen Reaktionen einer Reihe mitteldeutscher Komponisten auf den italienischen Stile nuovo überliefert. Gezielt untersucht werden hier zwei geistliche Vokalkonzerte von Sebastian Knüpfer und Wolfgang Carl Briegel, in denen bemerkenswerte formale und stilistische Übereinstimmungen feststellbar sind. (Wendelin Bitzan) Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online
description: Jahrbuch Ständige Konferenz Mitteldeutsche Barockmusik, Bd. 8 (2007): Jahrbuch 2006: Die Oberlausitz - eine Grenzregion der mitteldeutschen Barockmusik
Counting polyominoes with minimum perimeter
Creators: name: Kurz, Sascha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B50, 05C30

description: The number of essentially different square polyominoes of order n and minimum perimeter p(n) is enumerated.
description: 9 pages, slightly corrected version
Optimizing quantum optimization algorithms via faster quantum gradient computation
Creators: name: Gilyén, András
name: Arunachalam, Srinivasan
name: Wiebe, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider a generic framework of optimization algorithms based on gradient descent. We develop a quantum algorithm that computes the gradient of a multi-variate real-valued function $f:\mathbb{R}^d\rightarrow \mathbb{R}$ by evaluating it at only a logarithmic number of points in superposition. Our algorithm is an improved version of Stephen Jordan's gradient computation algorithm, providing an approximation of the gradient $\nabla f$ with quadratically better dependence on the evaluation accuracy of $f$, for an important class of smooth functions. Furthermore, we show that most objective functions arising from quantum optimization procedures satisfy the necessary smoothness conditions, hence our algorithm provides a quadratic improvement in the complexity of computing their gradient. We also show that in a continuous phase-query model, our gradient computation algorithm has optimal query complexity up to poly-logarithmic factors, for a particular class of smooth functions. Moreover, we show that for low-degree multivariate polynomials our algorithm can provide exponential speedups compared to Jordan's algorithm in terms of the dimension $d$. One of the technical challenges in applying our gradient computation procedure for quantum optimization problems is the need to convert between a probability oracle (which is common in quantum optimization procedures) and a phase oracle (which is common in quantum algorithms) of the objective function $f$. We provide efficient subroutines to perform this delicate interconversion between the two types of oracles incurring only a logarithmic overhead, which might be of independent interest. Finally, using these tools we improve the runtime of prior approaches for training quantum auto-encoders, variational quantum eigensolvers (VQE), and quantum approximate optimization algorithms (QAOA).
description: 60 pages, 5 figures. Update: stated a separate general theorem about hybrid-method based continuous input lower bound + added reference to work showing optimality of our algorithm
Selaginella canaliculata Spring 1838
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Lycopodiopsida
Selaginellales
Selaginellaceae
Selaginella
Selaginella canaliculata

description: Lycopodium canaliculatum Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 1105. 1753.
"Habitat in Amboina." RCN: 79981.
 Lectotype (Alston in J. Bot. 69: 253. 1931): [icon] "Lycopodioides erectum filicinum, pinnulis Acaciae, caule sulcato" in Dillenius, Hist. Musc.: 469, t. 65, f. 6. 1741. - Voucher: Herb. Dillenius (OXF).
 Current name: Selaginella canaliculata (L.) Spring (Selaginellaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 646, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Fluorogen-activating-proteins as universal affinity biosensors for immunodetection.
Creators: name: Gallo, Eugenio
name: Vasilev, Kalin V.
name: Jarvik, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Fluorogen-activating-proteins (FAPs) are a novel platform of fluorescence biosensors utilized for protein discovery. The technology currently demands molecular manipulation methods that limit its application and adaptability. Here, we highlight an alternative approach based on universal affinity reagents for protein detection. The affinity reagents were engineered as bi-partite fusion proteins, where the specificity moiety is derived from IgG-binding proteins-Protein A or Protein G-and the signaling element is a FAP. In this manner, primary antibodies provide the antigenic selectivity against a desired protein in biological samples, while FAP affinity reagents target the constant region (Fc) of antibodies and provide the biosensor component of detection. Fluorescence results using various techniques indicate minimal background and high target specificity for exogenous and endogenous proteins in mammalian cells. Additionally, FAP-based affinity reagents provide enhanced properties of detection previously absent using conventional affinity systems. Distinct features explored in this report include: (1) unfixed signal wavelengths (excitation and emission) determined by the particular fluorogen chosen, (2) real-time user controlled fluorescence on-set and off-set, (3) signal wavelength substitution while performing live analysis, and (4) enhanced resistance to photobleaching.
Analytical Study of Diffusive Relativistic Shock Acceleration
Creators: name: Keshet, Uri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle acceleration in relativistic shocks is studied analytically in the test-particle, small-angle scattering limit, for an arbitrary velocity-angle diffusion function D. Accurate analytic expressions for the spectral index s are derived using few (2-6) low-order moments of the shock-frame angular distribution. For isotropic diffusion, previous results are reproduced and justified. For anisotropic diffusion, s is shown to be sensitive to D, particularly downstream and at certain angles, and a wide range of s values is attainable. The analysis, confirmed numerically, can be used to test collisionless shock models and to observationally constrain D. For example, strongly forward- or backward-enhanced diffusion downstream is ruled out by GRB afterglow observations.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, PRL accepted, minor changes
Parallel kinetic schemes for conservation laws, with large time steps
Creators: name: Gerhard, Pierre
name: Helluy, Philippe
name: Michel-Dansac, Victor
name: Weber, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M60, 65Y05

description: We propose a new parallel Discontinuous Galerkin method for the approximation of hyperbolic systems of conservation laws. The method remains stable with large time steps, while keeping the complexity of an explicit scheme: it does not require the assembly and resolution of large linear systems for the time iterations. The approach is based on a kinetic representation of the system of conservation laws previously investigated by the authors. In this paper, the approach is extended with a subdomain strategy that improves the parallel scaling of the method on computers with distributed memory.
Fractional-Wrapped Branes with Rotation, Linear Motion and Background Fields
Creators: name: Maghsoodi, Elham
name: Kamani, Davoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain two boundary states corresponding to the two folds of a fractional-wrapped D$p$-brane, i.e. the twisted version under the orbifold $\mathbb{C}^{2}/\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ and the untwisted version. The brane has rotation and linear motion, in the presence of the following background fields: the Kalb-Ramond tensor, a $U(1)$ internal gauge potential and a tachyon field. The rotation and linear motion are inside the volume of the brane. The brane lives in the $d$-dimensional spacetime, with the orbifold-toroidal structure $T^n \times \mathbb{R}^{1, d-n-5} \times\mathbb{C}^{2}/\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ in the twisted sector. Using these boundary states we calculate the interaction amplitude of two parallel fractional D$p$-branes with the foregoing setup. Various properties of this amplitude such as the long-range behavior will be analyzed.
description: 19 pages, Latex2e, no figure
Fluorogen-activating single-chain antibodies for imaging cell surface proteins.
Creators: name: Szent-Gyorgyi, Christopher
name: Schmidt, Brigitte
name: Creeger, Yehuda
name: Fisher, Gregory
name: Zakel, Kelly L.
name: Adler, Sally A.
name: Fitzpatrick, James
name: Woolford, Carol
name: Yan, Qi
name: Vasilev, Kalin V.
name: Bruchez, Marcel
name: Jarvik, Jonathan
name: Waggoner, Alan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Imaging of live cells has been revolutionized by genetically encoded fluorescent probes, most famously green and other fluorescent proteins, but also peptide tags that bind exogenous fluorophores. We report here the development of protein reporters that generate fluorescence from otherwise dark molecules (fluorogens). Eight unique fluorogen activating proteins (FAPs) have been isolated by screening a library of human single-chain antibodies (scFvs) using derivatives of thiazole orange and malachite green. When displayed on yeast or mammalian cell surfaces, these FAPs bind fluorogens with nanomolar affinity, increasing green or red fluorescence thousands-fold to brightness levels typical of fluorescent proteins. Spectral variation can be generated by combining different FAPs and fluorogen derivatives. Visualization of FAPs on the cell surface or within the secretory apparatus of mammalian cells can be achieved by choosing membrane permeant or impermeant fluorogens. The FAP technique is extensible to a wide variety of nonfluorescent dyes.
Wanderungsbewegungen von Musikern zwischen der Oberlausitz und Niederschlesien im Zeitalter des Barocks
Creators: name: Jez, Tomasz
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch Ständige Konferenz Mitteldeutsche Barockmusik
Year: 2018

description: Bei der Rekonstruktion der musikalischen Identität der Oberlausitz kann man die bilateralen Beziehungen, die diese Region mit Schlesien verbinden, nicht auslassen. Die Analyse dieses zusammengesetzten kulturellen Prozesses, der vielfältige Verbindungen zwischen beiden Gebieten herstellte, erfordert eine Darstellung beider Regionen, die Definition der Schlüsselzentren und der Verbreitungswege des Repertoires sowie die Berücksichtigung ihrer sich dynamisch verändernden Wechselbeziehungen. Die analoge Entwicklung der Musikkulturen wurde möglicherweise durch parallele historische Umstände verursacht, angefangen bei der Einführung der Reformation bis hin zur preußischen Annexion. So gab es einen Zustrom vieler Musiker aus der Lausitz nach Schlesien. Aus der Lausitz stammen viele Kantoren, Organisten und Liedkomponisten. Die entgegengesetzte Entwicklungsrichtung ist viel komplexer. Viele Schlesier hatten Arbeit in den Musikinstituten der Lausitz gefunden. Aus Schlesien kamen außerdem viele Lausitzer Instrumentalisten, Kantoren und Orgelbauer, die in allen Regionen bedeutend waren. Ebenso vielfältig ist die Gruppe der Musiklehrer, Liedkomponisten und Autoren von Theaterspektakeln, die ihre Werke in Görlitz inszenierten. Diese letzte Kategorie bilden die Musiker, die in beiden Regionen gut bekannt sind: sowohl diejenigen, die an vielen Orten aktiv sind, als auch jene, die mit lediglich einer Örtlichkeit verbunden sind, deren Kompositionen aber in vielen regionalen Bibliotheken aufbewahrt wurden. Einige noch bedeutendere Institutionen, wie das Görlitzer Convivium musicum, spielten eine wichtige Rolle bei der Verbreitung dieses lokalen Repertoires. (der Autor in freier deutscher Übersetzung) Quelle Originaltext: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online
description: Jahrbuch Ständige Konferenz Mitteldeutsche Barockmusik, Bd. 8 (2007): Jahrbuch 2006: Die Oberlausitz - eine Grenzregion der mitteldeutschen Barockmusik
The Decay Sigma^+ -> p l^+ l^- within the Standard Model
Creators: name: He, Xiao-Gang
name: Tandean, Jusak
name: Valencia, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The HyperCP collaboration has recently reported the observation of three events for the decay Sigma^+ -> p mu^+ mu^-. They have suggested that new physics may be required to understand the implied decay rate and the observed M_{mumu} distribution. Motivated by this result, we re-examine this mode within the standard model, considering both the short-distance and long-distance contributions. The long-distance part depends on four complex form-factors. We determine their imaginary parts from unitarity, fix two of the real parts from the Sigma^+ -> p gamma measurements, and estimate the other two with vector-meson-dominance models. Taking into account constraints from Sigma^+ -> p e^+ e^-, we find that Sigma^+ -> p mu^+ mu^- is long-distance dominated and its rate falls within the range suggested by the HyperCP measurement.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, minor changes, version to appear in PRD
Musikkulturelle Beziehungen zwischen der Oberlausitz und dem östlichen Europa
Creators: name: Koch, Klaus-Peter
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch Ständige Konferenz Mitteldeutsche Barockmusik
Year: 2018

description: Schon aufgrund der bedeutenden Handelswege, die sich in der Oberlausitz kreuzten, aber auch durch politische Konstellationen und religiöse Bedingungen war der musikkulturelle Austausch mit Regionen des östlichen Europa gewährleistet, sowohl in die näheren Gebiete Niederschlesien und Böhmen als auch in die Slowakei und nach Siebenbürgen, aber auch bis in die baltischen Länder. Dies geschah hinsichtlich der Migration von Musikern und Komponisten, Musikpädagogen und Instrumentenbauern ebenso wie der Migration von Musik selbst, und zwar sowohl aus der Oberlausitz ins östliche Europa als auch in umgekehrte Richtung. (der Autor) Quelle: Bibliographie des Musikschrifttums online
description: Jahrbuch Ständige Konferenz Mitteldeutsche Barockmusik, Bd. 8 (2007): Jahrbuch 2006: Die Oberlausitz - eine Grenzregion der mitteldeutschen Barockmusik
A general formula for Hecke-type false theta functions
Creators: name: Mortenson, Eric T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In recent work where Matsusaka generalizes the relationship between Habiro-type series and false theta functions after Hikami, five families of Hecke-type double-sums of the form \begin{equation*} \left( \sum_{r,s\ge 0 }-\sum_{r,s<0}\right)(-1)^{r+s}x^ry^sq^{a\binom{r}{2}+brs+c\binom{s}{2}}, \end{equation*} where $b^2-ac<0$, are decomposed into sums of products of theta functions and false theta functions. Here we obtain a general formula for such double-sums in terms of theta functions and false theta functions, which subsumes the decompositions of Matsusaka. Our general formula is similar in structure to the case $b^2-ac>0$, where Mortenson and Zwegers obtain a decomposition in terms of Appell functions and theta functions.
description: The number of pages is perfect. The title has changed
Lycopodiella caroliniana var. caroliniana Pic. Serm. var. caroliniana
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Lycopodiopsida
Lycopodiales
Lycopodiaceae
Lycopodiella
Lycopodiella caroliniana
Lycopodiella caroliniana (l.) pic. serm. var. caroliniana

description: Lycopodium carolinianum Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 1104. 1753.
"Habitat in Carolina." RCN: 7976.
 Lectotype (Pichi Sermolli in Webbia 23: 165. 1968): [icon] " Lycopodium pinnatum repens, spicis & pediculis singularibus longis" in Dillenius, Hist. Musc.: 452, t. 62, f. 6. 1741. - Voucher: Herb. Dillenius (OXF).
 Current name: Lycopodiella caroliniana (L.) Pic. Serm. var. caroliniana (Lycopodiaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 646, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Invariant Ideals and Matsushima's Criterion
Creators: name: Arzhantsev, Ivan V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M17; 14L30

description: Let G be a reductive algebraic group and H a closed subgroup of G. Explicit constructions of G-invariant ideals in the algebra K[G/H] are given. This allows to obtain an elementary proof of Matsushima's criterion: a homogeneous space G/H is an affine variety if and only if H is reductive.
description: 6 pages
Human GBP1 is a microbe-specific gatekeeper of macrophage apoptosis and pyroptosis.
Creators: name: Fisch, Daniel
name: Bando, Hironori
name: Clough, Barbara
name: Hornung, Veit
name: Yamamoto, Masahiro
name: Shenoy, Avinash R
name: Eva-Maria Frickel
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Model organisms
subject: Infectious Disease
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cell Biology

description: The guanylate binding protein (GBP) family of interferon-inducible GTPases promotes antimicrobial immunity and cell death. During bacterial infection, multiple mouse Gbps, human GBP2, and GBP5 support the activation of caspase-1-containing inflammasome complexes or caspase-4 which trigger pyroptosis. Whether GBPs regulate other forms of cell death is not known. The apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii causes macrophage death through unidentified mechanisms. Here we report that Toxoplasma-induced death of human macrophages requires GBP1 and its ability to target Toxoplasma parasitophorous vacuoles through its GTPase activity and prenylation. Mechanistically, GBP1 promoted Toxoplasma detection by AIM2, which induced GSDMD-independent, ASC-, and caspase-8-dependent apoptosis. Identical molecular determinants targeted GBP1 to Salmonella-containing vacuoles. GBP1 facilitated caspase-4 recruitment to Salmonella leading to its enhanced activation and pyroptosis. Notably, GBP1 could be bypassed by the delivery of Toxoplasma DNA or bacterial LPS into the cytosol, pointing to its role in liberating microbial molecules. GBP1 thus acts as a gatekeeper of cell death pathways, which respond specifically to infecting microbes. Our findings expand the immune roles of human GBPs in regulating not only pyroptosis, but also apoptosis.
Lycopodiella cernua Pic. Serm.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Lycopodiopsida
Lycopodiales
Lycopodiaceae
Lycopodiella
Lycopodiella cernua

description: Lycopodium cernuum Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 1103. 1753.
"Habitat in Indiis." RCN: 7971.
 Lectotype (Proctor in Howard, Fl. Lesser Antilles 2: 33. 1977): Herb. Linn. No. 1257.13 (LINN).
 Current name: Lycopodiella cernua (L.) Pic. Serm. (Lycopodiaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 646, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Fluorogen-activating scFv biosensors target surface markers on live cells via streptavidin or single-chain avidin.
Creators: name: Gallo, Eugenio
name: Jarvik, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Fluorescence biosensors are indispensable tools for understanding protein behavior and function in cells. Recent advancements utilize fluorogen-activating-proteins (FAPs) that form complexes with small organic molecules (fluorogens) and result in their fluorescence activation. The technology has found multiple uses in protein discovery applications; however, the current method of detection requires the expression of FAPs as gene fusion tags in cells-a process that is time- and labor-intensive. In this report, we present an alternate method that utilizes FAPs as affinity reagents. Accordingly, we isolated soluble reagents based on FAP fusions with streptavidin (Strep) or avidin proteins, both highly selective for biotin. When tested in vitro, the reagents displayed bi-functional activity, fluorogen activation, and biotin affinity. For live-cell protein discovery, surface targets were biotinylated via biotin-tagged immunoglobulins or a genetically encoded biotin acceptor peptide. As a result, when the cells were labeled with FAP-Strep or FAP-avidin reagent, the in vivo fluorescence measurements indicated high target specificity, minimal background, and bright signal detection. In summary, we present a novel FAP reagent platform that offers a rapid and efficient approach for cell surface protein detection.
The effective Equation of State in Palatini $f(R)$ cosmology
Creators: name: Camera, S.
name: Capozziello, S.
name: Fatibene, L.
name: Orizzonte, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how the cosmological Equation of State can be used for scrutinizing extended theories of gravity, in particular, the Palatini $f(R)$ gravity. Specifically, the approach consists, at first, in investigating the effective Equation of State produced by a given model. Then, the inverse problem can also be considered in view of determining which models are compatible with a given effective Equation of State. We consider and solve some cases and show that, for example, power-law models are (the only models) capable of transforming barotropic Equations of State into effective barotropic ones. Moreover, the form of Equation of State is preserved (only) for $f(R)=R$, as expected. In this perspective, modified Equations of State are a feature capable of distinguishing Extended Gravity with respect to General Relativity. We also investigate quadratic and non-homogeneous effective Equations of State showing, in particular, that they contain the Starobinsky model and other ones.
description: 19 pages