cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supplementary methods and results for Karell et al. from Pale and dark morphs of tawny owls show different patterns of telomere dynamics in relation to disease status
Creators: name: Karell, Patrik
name: Bensch, Staffan
name: Ahola, Kari
name: Asghar, Muhammad
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Parasites are expected to exert long-term costs on host fecundity and longevity. Understanding the consequences of heritable polymorphic variation in disease defence in wild populations is essential in order to predict evolutionary responses to changes in disease risk. Telomeres have been found to shorten faster in malaria-diseased individuals compared with healthy ones with negative effects on longevity and thereby fitness. Here, we study the impact of haemosporidian blood parasites on telomere dynamics in tawny owls, which display a highly heritable plumage colour polymorphism. Previously, it has been shown that blood parasites have morph-specific impact on body mass maintenance. Here, we show that telomeres shortened faster in individuals with shorter breeding lifespan. Telomere length was negatively associated with the degree of pheomelanic brown coloration and shorter in infected than uninfected individuals. The rate of telomere shortening between breeding seasons was faster in darker pheomelanic individuals and suppression of parasite intensity between seasons was associated with faster telomere shortening in the paler individuals but not in darker ones. We propose that morph-specific physiological profiles cause differential telomere shortening and that this is likely to be a mechanism involved in previously documented environment-driven survival selection against the pheomelanic morph in this population.
Supplementary Material for: Sleep and Olfaction among Older Adults
Creators: name: McSorley, V.E.
name: Pinto, J.
name: Schumm, L.P.
name: Wroblewski, K.
name: Kern, D.
name: McClintock, M.
name: Lauderdale, D.S.
Publisher: name: Karger Publishers
Year: 2017
Subjects: Medicine

description: Background: Sleep and olfaction are both critical physiological processes that tend to worsen with age. Decline in olfaction can be an early indicator of neurodegenerative diseases, whereas poor sleep quality is associated with reduced physical and mental health. Given associations with aging-related health declines, we explored whether variations in sleep were associated with olfactory function among older adults. Methods: We assessed the relationship between sleep characteristics and olfaction among 354 community-dwelling older adults. Olfaction was measured using a validated field and survey research tool. Sleep characteristics were measured using wrist actigraphy and with self-report of sleep problems. We fit structural equation models of latent constructs of olfaction based on olfactory task items and let this be a function of each sleep characteristic. Results: Actigraph sleep quality measures were associated with odor identification, but not with odor sensitivity. Longer duration sleepers had worse odor sensitivity compared to medium (58 h) sleepers, but sleep duration was not associated with odor identification. Reported sleep problems and reported usual duration were not associated with olfaction. Conclusions: Diminished sleep quality was associated with reduced capacity to identify odors. Determining whether this is a causal association will require further study and longitudinal data.
Der Citytrop Garten – preisgekröntes IGA-Projekt mit Palmengartenpräsenz
Creators: name: Nürnberger, Sven
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2018

description: Die voranschreitende Limitierung von Grünflächen, insbesondere im Hausgartenbereich, ist symptomatisch für die aktuelle Stadtentwicklung. Der Palmengarten war auf der IGA 2017 in Berlin beteiligt an drei miteinander verknüpften Themengärten nach dem Citytrop-Modell. Mit einer standortgerechten Pflanzenverwendung und Innovation ist es möglich, auf kleinsten Stadtflächen ästhetisch und gärtnerisch anspruchsvolle Kosmen zu erschaffen.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 81 Nr. 2 (2017)
How do clinical competency committees use different sources of data to assess residents’ performance on the internal medicine milestones?A mixed methods pilot study
Creators: name: Andem Ekpenyong
name: Baker, Elizabeth
name: Harris, Ilene
name: Tekian, Ara
name: Abrams, Richard
name: Reddy, Shalini
name: Park, Yoon Soo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Purpose: This study examines how Clinical Competency Committees (CCCs) synthesize assessment data to make judgments about residents’ clinical performances. Methods: Between 2014 and 2015, after four six-month reporting periods to the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME), 7 of 16 CCC faculty at Rush University Medical Center completed questionnaires focused on their perspectives about rating residents on their achievement of the milestones and participated in a focus group. Qualitative data were analyzed using grounded theory. Milestones ratings for two six-month ACGME reporting cycles (n = 100 categorical residents) were also analyzed. Results: CCC members weighted resident rotation ratings highest (weight = 37%), followed by faculty rotation comments (weight = 27%) and personal experience with residents (weight = 14%) for making judgments about learner’s milestone levels. Three assessment issues were identified from qualitative analyses: (1) “design issues” (e.g. problems with available data or lack thereof); (2) “synthesis issues” (e.g. factors influencing ratings and decision-making processes) and (3) “impact issues” (e.g. how CCC generated milestones ratings are used). Conclusions: Identifying factors that affect assessment at all stages of the CCC process can contribute to improving assessment systems, including support for faculty development for CCCs. Recognizing challenges in synthesizing first and second-hand assessment data is an important step in understanding the CCC decision-making process.
Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera - Volume 1, Revised and Updated Edition, 2017.
Creators: name: I. Lobl
name: D. Lobl
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Index to species-group names
Die großen wissenschaftlichen Leistungen von Stefan Vogel (1925–2015) Teil 4. Die Parfümblumen und ihre prächtigen Bestäuber
Creators: name: Weber, Anton
name: Gerlach, Günter
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2018

description: Mit der Entdeckung der „Parfümblumen“ (zahlreiche Orchideen sowie vereinzelt Gattungen und Arten der Araceae, Gesneriaceae, Euphorbiaceae und Solanaceae) und ihre Bestäubung durch hochspezialisierte, männliche Prachtbienen (Apidae-Euglossini) hat Stefan Vogel einen bahnbrechenden Beitrag zur Blütenökologie geleistet. Nachdem mehr als 250 Jahre lang nur Pollen und Nektar als florale Beköstigungsmittel bekannt waren, hat er ein völlig neuartiges florales Sammelgut exklusiv für männliche Prachtbienen entdeckt und eine der faszinierendsten Tier-Pflanzen-Interaktionen aufgeklärt. Neben den botanischen Aspekten hat Vogel auch wesentlich zur Kenntnis und zum Verständnis der Morphologie, Anatomie und Verhaltensbiologie der Prachtbienen beigetragen und die speziellen Strukturen an den Vorder-, Mittel- und Hinterbeinen als Anpassungen an das Duftsammeln der männlichen Tiere deuten können.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 81 Nr. 2 (2017)
Weißes Waldvögelein (Cephalanthera damasonium): Orchidee des Jahres 2017
Creators: name: Baum, Angelika
name: Baum, Heinz
name: Margenburg, Bernd
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2018

description: Das Weiße Waldvögelein ist Orchidee des Jahres 2017. Sie kommt bevorzugt in Wäldern vor. Ihre Biologie und Morphologie werden beschrieben. Ihre vielen verschiedenen Namen werden erläutert.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 81 Nr. 2 (2017)
Kletten – Eine Geschichte von Haut und Haaren
Creators: name: Cole, Theodor C.H.
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2018

description: Die Große Klette (Arctium lappa L., Asteraceae) ist eine beeindruckende Ruderal- und auch Nutzpflanze. Man findet sie in den gemäßigten Zonen der gesamte Nordhalbkugel auf Brachflächen, Schuttplätzen und Uferböschungen, aber auch im Gartenbereich kommt sie häufig vor. Ihre Wurzeln sind essbar und in Asien sehr beliebt. Gelegentlich kommt der Mensch mit den winzigen in den Blütenköpfchen befindlichen Pappushaaren in Kontakt, was unangenehm bis gesundheitsschädlich sein kann.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 81 Nr. 2 (2017)
Schwarzes Bilsenkraut (Hyoscyamus niger): Giftpflanze, Arznei- und Hexenkraut
Creators: name: Unterladstetter, Volker
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2018

description: Das Schwarze Bilsenkraut stammt aus dem Mittelmeergebiet, ist bei uns aber eingebürgert. Als Vertreter der Nachtschattengewächse ist es stark giftig und kann Halluzinationen verursachen. Es wurde früher auch Bier zugegeben. Biologie, Standorte, Giftigkeit und Verwendung werden vorgestellt. Merkmale von drei Varietäten von Hyoscyamus niger, H. aureus und H. albus sind vergleichend als Bestimmungshilfe zusammengestellt.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 81 Nr. 2 (2017)
Die subalpine Gebirgsflora in Teneriffas Nationalpark Teide
Creators: name: Goetz, Rolf
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2018

description: Der Teide-Nationalpark befindet sich im Zentrum der Kanareninsel Teneriffa. Mit jährlich bis zu 4 Millionen Besuchern ist er die am meisten besuchte Touristenattraktion der Kanarischen Inseln. 2007 wurde die Region von der UNESCO zum Weltnaturerbe erklärt. Neben einer spektakulären Vulkanlandschaft zeichnet sich das Schutzgebiet durch die außergewöhnliche Bergflora mit zahlreichen Endemiten aus. Die wichtigsten Arten werden kurz vorgestellt.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 81 Nr. 2 (2017)
Grüne Blüten
Creators: name: Steinecke, Hilke
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2018

description: Grün ist eine eher seltene Blütenfarbe. Es werden vier tropische Arten mit grünen Blüten kurz vorgestellt, die in den Schauhäusern des Tropicariums zu finden sind.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 81 Nr. 2 (2017)
Procedures
Creators: name: Shen, Lin
name: Yap, Yi Yang
name: Bei, Bei
name: Rice-Lacy, Rebecca
name: Wiley, Joshua F.
name: Slavish, Danica
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2017

description: This component of ACES has the overall study procedures for contacting/engaging participants, scoring ActiGraph data for sleep and physical activity, and the data management plan.
Basic Facts About Low-Income Children: Birth to Age 18
Creators: Douglas-Hall, Ayana
Chau, Michelle M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Poor children
subject: Economics--Sociological aspects
subject: Poor--Education
subject: Poor families
subject: Demography
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Fact sheet about low-income children, birth to age 18.
Anti-IL-6 versus anti-IL-6R Blocking Antibodies to Treat Acute Ebola Infection in BALB/c Mice with Potential Implications for Treating Patients Presenting with COVID-19
Creators: Rubsamen, Reid M.
Burkholz, Scott
Massey, Christopher
Brasel, Trevor
Hodge, Tom
Wang, Lu
Herst, Charles
Carback, Richard
Harris, Paul Emerson
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Ebola virus disease
COVID-19 (Disease)
Cytokines
Interleukin-6
Monoclonal antibodies--Therapeutic use

description: Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is known to be a factor in morbidity and mortality associated with acute viral infections including those caused by filoviruses and coronaviruses. IL-6 has been implicated as a cytokine negatively associated with survival after filovirus infection. However, IL-6 has also been shown to be an important mediator of innate immunity, important for the host response to an acute viral infection. Clinical studies are now being conducted by various researchers to evaluate the possible role of IL-6 blockers to improve outcomes in critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Most of these studies involve the use of anti-IL-6R monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). We present data showing that direct neutralization of IL-6 with an anti-IL-6 mAb in a BALB/c Ebolavirus (EBOV) challenge model produced a statistically significant improvement in outcome compared with controls when administered within the first 24 hours of challenge and repeated every 72 hours. A similar effect was seen in mice treated with the same dose of anti-IL-6R mAb when the treatment was delayed 48 hrs post-challenge. These data suggest that direct neutralization of IL-6, early during the course of infection, may provide additional clinical benefits to IL-6 receptor blockade alone during treatment of patients with virus-induced CRS. These results may have implications for selecting and managing IL-6 blockade therapy for patients with COVID-19.
Imperatorin alleviates ROS-mediated airway remodeling by targeting the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway
Creators: name: Xian, Zhemin
name: Choi, Yun Ho
name: Zheng, Mingyu
name: Jiang, Jingzhi
name: Zhao, Yuzhe
name: Wang, Chongyang
name: Li, Junfeng
name: Li, Yan
name: Li, Liangchang
name: Piao, Hongmei
name: Yan, Guanghai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In this study, we investigated the role and mechanism of imperatorin (IMP) in chronic inflammation and airway remodeling. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, VEGF, α-SMA, and ROS were detected by ELISA, immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence, and Western blot. In addition, we evaluated the effect of IMP on MAPK, PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways. IMP treatment obviously attenuated the production of inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage ﬂuid of OVA-induced airway remodeling model. Meanwhile, it significantly inhibited inflammatory cell infiltration, goblet cell hyperplasia, collagen deposition, VEGF production, α-SMA, and ROS expression. Our study has shown that IMP could regulate the signaling pathways including MAPK, PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, and Nrf2/HO-1 to release the inflammatory responses. IMP might attenuate airway remodeling by the down-regulation of Nrf2/HO-1/ROS/PI3K/Akt, Nrf2/HO-1/ROS/MAPK, and Nrf2/HO-1/ROS/NF-κB signaling pathways. Schematic picture of the role of Imperatorin in alleviating ROS-mediated airway remodeling by targeting the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
Makassar Strait Throughflow Seasonal and Interannual Variability: An Overview
Creators: Gordon, Arnold L.
Napitu, Asmi Marintan
Huber, Bruce A.
Gruenburg, Laura Kristen
Pujiana, Kandaga
Agustiadi, Teguh
Mbay, Nurman
Setiawan, Agus
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Hydrology
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Marine geophysics

description: The Makassar Strait throughflow of ~12–13 Sv, representing ~77% of the total Indonesian Throughflow, displays fluctuations over a broad range of time scales, from intraseasonal to seasonal (monsoonal) and interannual scales. We now have 13.3 years of Makassar throughflow observations: November 1996 to early July 1998; January 2004 to August 2011; and August 2013 to August 2017. Strong southward transport is evident during boreal summer, modulated by an ENSO interannual signal, with weaker southward flow and a deeper subsurface velocity maximum during El Niño; stronger southward flow with a shallower velocity maximum during La Niña. Accordingly, the southward heat flux, a product of the along‐channel current and temperature profiles, is significantly larger in summer and slightly larger during La Niña. The southward flow relaxed in 2014 and more so in 2015/2016, similar though not as extreme as during the strong El Niño event of 1997. In 2017, the throughflow increased to ~20 Sv. Since 2016, the deep layer, 300‐ to 760‐m southward transport increases, almost doubling to ~7.5 Sv. From mid‐2016 into early 2017, the transports above 300 m and below 300 m are about equal, whereas previously, the ratio was about 2.7:1. Near zero or northward flow occurs in the upper 100 m during boreal winter, albeit with interannual variability. Particularly strong winter reversals were observed in 2014/2015 and 2016/2017, the latter being the strongest winter reversal revealed in the entire Makassar time series.
Heimische Birken – vielgestaltige Gehölze
Creators: name: Dörken, Veit Martin
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2018

description: Viele Birken fallen durch ihre weiße Stämme und ihre goldgelbe Herbstfärbung auf. Die Verschiedenartigkeit der Birken wird vorgestellt unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der vier heimischen Arten Betula pendula, B. pubescens, B. humilis und B. nana. Zudem werden einige Sorten genannt, die für die Verwendung in Parks und Gärten beliebt sind. Eine Auswahl der Nutzung von Birken wird vorgestellt.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 81 Nr. 2 (2017)
An Effective CTL Peptide Vaccine for Ebola Zaire Based on Survivors’ CD8+ Targeting of a Particular Nucleocapsid Protein Epitope with Potential Implications for COVID-19 Vaccine Design
Creators: Herst, C. V.
Burkholz, S.
Sidney, J.
Sette, A.
Harris, Paul Emerson
Massey, S.
Brasel, T.
Cunha-Neto, E.
Rosa, D. S.
Chao, W. C. H.
Carback, R.
Hodge, T.
Wang, L.
Ciotlos, S.
Lloyd, P.
Rubsamen, R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Vaccines
subject: Ebola virus disease
subject: COVID-19 (Disease)

description: The 2013-2016 West Africa EBOV epidemic was the biggest EBOV outbreak to date. An analysis of virus-specific CD8+ T-cell immunity in 30 survivors showed that 26 of those individuals had a CD8+ response to at least one EBOV protein. The dominant response (25/26 subjects) was specific to the EBOV nucleocapsid protein (NP). It has been suggested that epitopes on the EBOV NP could form an important part of an effective T-cell vaccine for Ebola Zaire. We show that a 9-amino-acid peptide NP44-52 (YQVNNLEEI) located in a conserved region of EBOV NP provides protection against morbidity and mortality after mouse adapted EBOV challenge. A single vaccination in a C57BL/6 mouse using an adjuvanted microsphere peptide vaccine formulation containing NP44-52 is enough to confer immunity in mice. Our work suggests that a peptide vaccine based on CD8+ T-cell immunity in EBOV survivors is conceptually sound and feasible. Nucleocapsid proteins within SARS-CoV-2 contain multiple class I epitopes with predicted HLA restrictions consistent with broad population
Additional file 1 of Childhood modifiable risk factors and later life chronic kidney disease: a systematic review
Creators: name: Liu, Conghui
name: He, Ye
name: Venn, Alison J.
name: Jose, Matthew D.
name: Tian, Jing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Vielfalt der Eichen im Palmengarten
Creators: name: Kamm, Katharina
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2018

description: Eichen wachsen weltweit in den unterschiedlichsten Lebensräumen. Weltweit gibt es über 500 Eichenarten. Auch im Palmengarten werden etwa 30 Arten kultiviert. Ihre Vielgestaltigkeit soll an interessanten Exemplaren kurz vorgestellt werden.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 81 Nr. 2 (2017)
Global Indigenous Youth: Through Their Eyes
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Human rights
subject: Indigenous peoples
subject: Indigenous youth
subject: International relations
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Conflict management

description: In this book, we, Indigenous Youth, explore the human rights challenges that we face nowadays, including how we view our identity as Indigenous youth in the face of modernization and globalization. We get a glimpse of how the Youth practice Traditional Knowledge in a contemporary world and live their everyday life in a culture filled with traditions. Some write about the health of their communities—be it spiritual or physical. Others write about experiences with migration and immigration. The Youth expound upon their experiences with sexism and racism, and their lifelong battles for land rights and intellectual property protection for Indigenous knowledge. Some Youth come with portrayals of poverty and unemployment, while others write about technology, innovation and the education systems in their region. This richness on the different issues addressed by the authors responds to the need that the book be an honest testimony of Indigenous Youth. This is why, for the first time ever, the Indigenous Youth, under the Global Indigenous Youth Caucus, are narrating their own stories.
Indigenous Peoples’ Access to Justice, Including Truth and Reconciliation Processes
Creators: Institute for the Study of Human Rights
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Human rights
subject: Truth commissions
subject: Indigenous peoples
subject: International law
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Public policy (Law)

description: Access to justice is a demand that increasingly underlies the major debates of our time, whether in the area of economic, political and social development, peace, human rights or culture. The issue is a bridge between the past, the present and the future as it refers to the entrenched marginalization of and systemic discrimination against members or groups of society. Access to justice is the stepping stone to address or remedy injustice. No area of human endeavor has given more meaning and normative content to the concept of access to justice than the human rights area, including the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. The solid international human rights framework developed in the past seventy years and the ways it is being given depth through the interpretation of international human rights bodies is providing access to justice with the normative contours and specificity needed for practical implementation. Thus, access to justice is at once a substantive and a procedural right. Major elements such as the rule of law, the right to truth and other fundamental normative frameworks have added new weight to access to justice. It is within this rich human rights context that the effort to breathe new life to the struggle of Indigenous Peoples’ access to justice should be viewed. The mobilization around access to justice is shedding light on the concrete steps that can be followed for Indigenous Peoples’ access to justice to materialize. The articles contributed to this book are written by Indigenous Peoples, researchers, policy-makers, practitioners and academics, capturing a variety of international and national perspectives, based both on theory and on the analysis of specific cases and examples. Most of the articles have been contributed by participants to the International Expert Seminar on Indigenous Peoples’ Access to Justice, including Truth and Reconciliation Processes held from February 27th to March 1st, 2013 at Columbia University in New York, co-hosted by the Institute for the Study of Human Rights and the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, and held to inform the UN Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples’ Study on Access to Justice in the Promotion and Protection of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. In addition, the co-editors found it useful to invite some authors who were not present at the Seminar to make their contributions. Thus, this volume captures a variety of subjects that fall under the broad topic of “Indigenous Peoples’ Access to Justice.”
The ex-pat effect: presence of recent Western immigrants is associated with changes in age at first birth and birth rate in a Maya population from rural Guatemala
Creators: name: Luseadra McKerracher
name: Collard, Mark
name: Altman, Rachel
name: Richards, Michael
name: Nepomnaschy, Pablo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Background: Economic transitions expose indigenous populations to a variety of ecological and cultural challenges, especially regarding diet and stress. These kinds of challenges are predicted by evolutionary ecological theory to have fitness consequences (differential reproduction) and, indeed, are often associated with changes in fertility dynamics. It is currently unclear whether international immigration might impact the nature of such an economic transition or its consequences for fertility. Aim: To examine measures of fertility, diet and stress in two economically transitioning Maya villages in Guatemala that have been differentially exposed to immigration by Westerners. Subjects and methods: This study compared Maya women’s ages at first birth and birth rates between villages and investigated whether these fertility indicators changed through time. It also explored whether the villages differed in relation to diet and/or a proxy of stress. Results: It was found that, in the village directly impacted by immigration, first births occurred earlier, but birth rate was slower. In both villages, over the sampled time window, age at first birth increased, while birth rate decreased. The villages do not differ significantly in dietary indicators, but the immigration-affected village scored higher on the stress proxy. Conclusion: Immigration can affect fertility in host communities. This relationship between immigration and fertility dynamics may be partly attributable to stress, but this possibility should be evaluated prospectively in future research.
In vitro evaluation of the inhibition and induction potential of olaparib, a potent poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, on cytochrome P450
Creators: name: McCormick, Alex
name: Swaisland, Helen
name: Reddy, Venkatesh Pilla
name: Learoyd, Maria
name: Scarfe, Graeme
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: 1. In vitro studies were conducted to evaluate potential inhibitory and inductive effects of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, olaparib, on cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. Inhibitory effects were determined in human liver microsomes (HLM); inductive effects were evaluated in cultured human hepatocytes. 2. Olaparib did not inhibit CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2D6 or CYP2E1 and caused slight inhibition of CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP3A4/5 in HLM up to a concentration of 100 μM. However, olaparib (17–500 μM) inhibited CYP3A4/5 with an IC50 of 119 μM. In time-dependent CYP inhibition assays, olaparib (10 μM) had no effect against CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP2E1 and a minor effect against CYP3A4/5. In a further study, olaparib (2–200 μM) functioned as a time-dependent inhibitor of CYP3A4/5 (KI, 72.2 μM and Kinact, 0.0675 min−1). Assessment of the CYP induction potential of olaparib (0.061–44 μM) showed minor concentration-related increases in CYP1A2 and more marked increases in CYP2B6 and CYP3A4 mRNA, compared with positive control activity; however, no significant change in CYP3A4/5 enzyme activity was observed. 3. Clinically significant drug–drug interactions due to olaparib inhibition or induction of hepatic or intestinal CYP3A4/5 cannot be excluded. It is recommended that olaparib is given with caution with narrow therapeutic range or sensitive CYP3A substrates, and that prescribers are aware that olaparib may reduce exposure to substrates of CYP2B6.
„Der Palmengarten“ geht online
Creators: name: Schmidt, Marco
name: Steinecke, Hilke
name: Pachzelt, Adrian
name: Kasperek, Gerwin
name: Bayer, Clemens
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2018

description: #
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 82 Nr. 1 (2018)
Tännelkräuter – zwei unauffällige Wildkräuter verlassen die Äcker
Creators: name: Unterladstetter, Volker
name: Jagel, Armin
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2018

description: Von den über 40 Kickxia-Arten (Tännelkraut) kommen in Deutschland nur Kickxia elatine und K. spuria vor. Beides sind klassische Ackerwildkräuter, die mittlerweile recht selten geworden sind. Die Pflanzen fruchten erst nach dem Ernten des Getreides und sind vor allem durch das frühe Umbrechen des Stoppelackers gefährdet. Beide Arten sehen sich ähnlich und erinnern an kleine Löwenmäulchen. Biologie, Morphologie, Ökologie und Namensherkunft beider Arten werden erläutert. In Botanischen Gärten tritt vor allem K. elatine spontan auf, so dass sich die Art hier auch außerhalb ihrer natürlichen Standorte der Äcker halten kann.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 82 Nr. 1 (2018)
Erdbeerbäume
Creators: name: Markwirth, Jennifer
name: Steinecke, Hilke
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2018

description: Die kugeligen, rot-orange gefärbten Früchte der Erdbeerbäume (Arbutus) erinnern auf den ersten Blick an Erdbeeren, haben aber weder geschmacklich noch anatomisch oder systematisch etwas mit diesen gemein. In der Neuen sowie der Alten Welt gibt es insgesamt 11 Arbutus-Arten, die vor allem im Mittelmeerraum und Mexiko vorkommen. Es handelt sich um immergrüne Sträucher und Bäume mit meist auffällig roter Rinde, die sich schuppenartig vom Stamm löst. Im Palmengarten vertreten sind recht große Exemplare des Amerikanischen Erdbeerbaums (Arbutus menziesii) und des Westlichen Erdbeerbaums (Arbutus unedo).
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 82 Nr. 1 (2018)
Basic Facts About Low-Income Children: Birth to Age 18
Creators: Douglas-Hall, Ayana
Chau, Michelle M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Poor children
subject: Economics--Sociological aspects
subject: Poor--Education
subject: Poor families
subject: Demography
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Fact sheet about low-income children, birth to age 18.
Basic Facts about Low-Income Children: Birth to Age 18
Creators: Douglas-Hall, Ayana
Chau, Michelle M.
Koball, Heather
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Poor children
subject: Economics--Sociological aspects
subject: Poor--Education
subject: Poor families
subject: Demography
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: For comparable information about infants and toddlers, see Basic Facts About Low-Income Children: Birth to Age 3, or about young children, see Basic Facts About Low-Income Children: Birth to Age 6. This fact sheet includes children who live apart from both parents (for example, foster children or children being raised by grandparents). Previous versions of this fact sheet counted children living apart from parents differently; therefore, comparisons with versions published prior to September 2006 are not valid.
Reusing Data and Metadata to Create New Metadata through Machine-learning & Other Programmatic Methods
Creators: name: Gosses, Justin
name: ANTHONY R. BUONOMO
name: Thomas, Brian A.
name: Yates, Evan Taylor
name: Rean W. Yuan
name: Horn, Jenna M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: metadata
machine-learning
data catalog
natural language processing
nasa
code.nasa.gov
data.nasa.gov
open-data
keywords
machine-generated

description: Recent improvements in natural language processing (NLP) enable metadata to be created programmatically from reused original metadata or even the dataset itself. Transfer-learning applied to NLP has greatly improved performance and reduced training data requirements. In this talk, we’ll compare machine-generated metadata to human-generated metadata and discuss characteristics of metadata and data archives that affect suitability for machine-learning reuse of metadata. Where as human-generated metadata is often populated once, populated from the perspective of data supplier, populated by many individuals with different words for the same thing, and limited in length, machine-generated metadata can be updated any number of times, generated from the perspective of any user, constrained to a standardized set of terms that can be evolved over time, and be any length required. Machine-learning generated metadata offers benefits but also additional needs in terms of version control, process transparency, human-computer interaction, and IT requirements. As a successful example, we’ll discuss how a dataset of abstracts and associated human-tagged keywords from a standardized list of several thousand keywords were used to create a machinelearning model that predicted keyword metadata for open-source code projects on code.nasa.gov. We’ll also discuss a less successful example from data.nasa.gov to show how data archive architecture and characteristics of initial metadata can be strong controls on how easy it is to leverage programmatic methods to reuse metadata to create additional metadata.
title: Fluoropolymer-Wrapped Conductive Threads for Textile Touch Sensors Operating via the Triboelectric Effect
Creators: name: Baima, Morgan
name: Andrew, Trisha L.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: textile electronics
subject: plain weave
subject: touch sensor
subject: triboelectricity

description: Touch-sensitive electrical arrays are the primary user interface for modern consumer electronics. Most contemporary touch sensors, including known iterations of textile-based touch sensors, function by detecting capacitive changes within a circuit resulting from direct skin contact. However, this method of operation fails when the user’s skin or the surface of the touch sensor is dirty, oily or wet, preventing practical use of textile-based touch sensors in real-world scenarios. Here, an electrically touch-responsive woven textile is described, which is composed of fluoropolymer-wrapped conductive threads. The fluoropolymer wrapping prevents contaminant buildup on the textile surface and also electrically insulates the conductive thread core. The woven textile touch sensor operates via surface potential changes created upon skin contact. This method of operation, called the triboelectric effect, has not been widely used to create textile touch sensors, to date. The influences of surface wetness and varying skin surface chemistry are studied, and the triboelectric textile touch sensors are found to be advantageously insensitive to these environmental variables, indicating that triboelectric textiles have promise for practical use as touch interfaces in furniture and interior design.
ごぞんじですか?(第104回)altmetricsの概要と近年の動向について
Creators: name: Bando, Keita
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 80705 Informetrics
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: 図書館情報学（計量書誌学）における新たな概念altmetrics（オルトメトリクス）は、図書館の業務に関わりが深くなりつつある。レファレンスサービスや電子リソースの担当者は、電子ジャーナル、ディスカバリーサービスあるいは機関リポジトリなどを通じてaltmetricsに対する機会が増えている。研究者にとってaltmetricsは被引用数に基づく伝統的な研究評価指数と併せて関心の高い指標である（図1 ）。図書館は、altmetricsを理解し、それを活用した研究支援が期待される。本稿では、a l t m e t r i c sの概要と近年の動向を概説し、altmetricsが図書館に与える影響を考察する。
Supplementary Material for: Multiple Lymph Node Basin Drainage in Trunk Melanoma Is Not Associated with Survival of Sentinel Lymph Node-Positive Patients
Creators: name: Ribero, S.
name: Osella Abate, S.
name: Pasquali, S.
name: Rossi, C.R.
name: Borgognoni, L.
name: Piazzalunga, D.
name: Solari, N.
name: Schiavon, M.
name: Brandani, P.
name: Ansaloni, L.
name: Ponte, E.
name: Silan, F.
name: Sommariva, A.
name: Bellucci, F.
name: Macripò, G.
name: Quaglino, P.
name: On Behalf Of The Italian Melanoma Intergroup (IMI)
Publisher: name: Karger Publishers
Year: 2017
Subjects: Medicine

description: Objectives: This study was aimed at investigating the prognostic role of multiple lymph node basin drainage (MLBD) in patients with positive sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy. Background: MLBD is frequently observed in patients with trunk melanoma undergoing SLN. The prognostic value of MLBD in SLN-positive patients is still debated. Methods: Retrospective data from 312 trunk melanoma patients with positive SLN biopsy (1991-2012) at 6 Italian referral centres were gathered in a multicentre database. MLBD was defined at preoperative lymphoscintigraphy. Clinical and pathological data were analysed for their association with disease-free interval (DFI) and disease-specific (DSS) survival. Results: MLBD was identified in 34.6% of patients (108/312) and was significantly associated with >1 positive SLN (37 vs. 15.2%; p < 0.001) and with >1 positive lymph node (LN) after complete lymph node dissection (CLND) (50.9 vs. 34.8%; p = 0.033). No differences were observed according to drainage pattern in patients who had negative and positive non-SLN at CLND. MLBD was not associated with either DFI or DSS. Multivariate analyses showed that tumour thickness, ulceration, and number of metastatic LNs were associated with worse DFI and DSS, while regression confirmed its protective role in survival. Conclusion: In positive SLN patients, MLBD has no association with survival, which is mainly related to American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) prognostic factors. Since the overall number of positive LNs drives the prognosis, the importance of a CLND in all the positive basins is confirmed.
Power(ful) Guidelines for Experimental Economists
Creators: Vasilaky, Kathryn N.
Brock, J. Michelle
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Experimental economics
Experimental design
Statistical power analysis
Economics

description: Statistical power is an important detail to consider in the design phase of any experiment. This paper serves as a reference for experimental economists on power calculations. We synthesize many of the questions and issues frequently brought up regarding power calculations and the literature that surrounds that. We provide practical coded examples and tools available for calculating power, and suggest when and how to report power calculations in published studies.
Archives and Primary Sources
Creators: Hagadorn, Alexis L.
Jones, Thai S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Library research
Archives
Sources
Academic libraries

description: This module in the "From Books to Bytes" series helps prepare students to explore Columbia's vast collection of archival and rare primary sources. The video features Alexis Hagadorn (Head of Conservation) and Thai Jones, PhD (Herbert H. Lehman Curator for American History) as they discuss the textual and non-textual information that archival documents and rare books provide to researchers in the Columbia University Libraries’ distinctive and special collections. Handouts delve deeper into strategies for analyzing sources and provide guidance on best practices for handling library materials.
Cite and Organize Sources
Creators: Kratcha, Kae Bara
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Library research
Bibliographical citations
Bibliographical citations--Standards
Academic libraries

description: This video in the "From Books to Bytes" series helps you to understand the role of citation in academic research and provides examples of how to apply appropriate citation and citation-management strategies to a specific field of study. Included with the module are handouts that demonstrate how to create an annotated bibliography and go into detail about how to cite in the three most common citation styles:, MLA, APA, and Chicago Style.
Develop A Research Strategy
Creators: Elayyan, Mona
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Library research
Archives
Academic libraries

description: This video in the "From Books to Bytes" series introduces you to the research process by breaking it into manageable phases, including how to: develop a research question, create a project timeline, identify appropriate resources, and draft an outline. Handouts provide strategies and exercises on composing a research question, conducting database searches, using boolean operators, and also provides a list of additional resources available to students at Columbia University.
Institutions Don't Rule: Direct Effects of Geography on Per Capita Income
Creators: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics

description: In a series of papers, my colleagues and I have demonstrated that levels of per capita income, economic growth, and other economic and demographic dimensions are strongly correlated with geographical and ecological variables such as climate zone, disease ecology, and distance from the coast. Three recent papers purport to show that the role of geography in explaining cross-country patterns of income per capita operates predominantly or exclusively through the choice of institutions, with little direct effect of geography on income after controlling for the quality institutions. This note shows that malaria transmission, which is strongly affected by ecological conditions, directly affects the level of per capita income after controlling for the quality of institutions.
Household water use statistics from Adelaide Household Water Use Study 2013
Creators: name: Thyer, Mark
name: Arbon, Nicole
Publisher: name: The University of Adelaide
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 90509 Water Resources Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: his collection contains indoor end-use statistics for 140 households in metropolitan Adelaide and the associated demographics and appliance characteristics of the households. The end-use statistics were determined through flow trace analysis of a two week period of high resolution (10s) water usage data representative of winter use. The end-use statistics include the mean and standard deviation for the volume per person per day for each end-use and the relevant characteristics of the end-use: - Shower: Duration (mins), Frequency (events/person/day), Flow rate (L/min), Efficiency (star rating) - Toilet: Flush volume (L), Frequency (events/person/day), Efficiency (e.g. 3L/6L Dual) - Washing Machine: Volume per load (L), Frequency (events/household/week), Type (Front or Top loader) - Dishwasher: Volume per load (L), Frequency (events/household/week) - Tap: Duration (seconds), Frequency (events/person/day), Flow rate (L/min) - Bath: Volume per bath (L), Frequency (events/household/week) The demographics and household characteristics include: - Household occupancy - Age of occupants - Income - Perceived water conservation level This data was collected as part of the research program of the Goyder Institute for Water Research's Optimal Water Mix for Greater Adelaide project.
Recognize Bias
Creators: Williams, Kristina E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Library research
Prejudices
Research--Moral and ethical aspects
Academic libraries

description: This video in the "From Books to Bytes" series provides you with the opportunity to practice identifying and countering bias in common research scenarios, including where you search for information, your research strategy, and the data you might use. Handouts delve deeper into understanding research bias by investigating case studies and providing a glossary of terms regarding research bias.
Preserve and Share Your Research
Creators: Wilson, Michelle E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Library research
Scholarly publishing
Open access publishing
Digital humanities
Academic libraries

description: This module in the "From Books to Bytes" series explores the publishing process (both traditional and digital) and explains the ways in which the Libraries offer support and advice for your publishing projects. The video introduces the process of peer review, outlines its benefits and limitations, and provides overviews of: open access publishing, DOIs, and digital publishing more generally. The handouts elaborate on strategies for evaluating and selecting appropriate journals or other media in which to publish, understanding your author rights, and employing new modes of research and scholarship.
Natural Resource Abundance and Economic Growth
Creators: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
Warner, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Economics

description: One of the surprising features of modern economic growth is that economies abundant in natural resources have tended to grow slower than economies without substantial natural resources. In this paper we show that economies with a high ratio of natural resource exports to GDP in 1970 (the base year) tended to grow slowly during the subsequent 20-year period 1970-1990. This negative relationship holds true even after controlling for many variables found to be important for economic growth by previous authors. We discuss several theories and present additional evidence to understand the source of this negative association.
The Kingdom Where Nobody Dies
Creators: name: Richardson, Ann-Marie
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2019

description:

This essay explores Charlotte Brontë’s 1849 novel Shirley as a literary endeavour to recreate the sibling dynamic of the Brontës’ childhoods, and the psychological effect of being the ‘surviving’ sibling of a formally collaborative unit. In their adolescent years, the Brontës famously forged fictional kingdoms together, known collectively as “The Glass Town Saga”. Throughout adulthood, each Brontë continuously returned to these stories, oftentimes due to nostalgia and occasionally for creative reinvention. However, by the summer of 1849, their familial collaboration was at an end. Charlotte was the last sibling standing, having lost all her co-authors in the space of nine months. In despair, as a form of catharsis, she turned to her writing and this essay will focus on how protagonist Caroline Helstone became an elegy for both Branwell and Anne Brontë. Mere weeks before Charlotte began volume 1 of Shirley, Branwell was determined to return to a heroine created in his childhood, also named “Caroline (1836)”. This juvenilia piece explores themes of waning sibling connections, death and heartbreak – issues which tormented Branwell and Charlotte throughout his prolonged final illness. Yet Caroline Helstone’s ethereal femininity and infantilization mirrors Anne Brontë’s reputation as the ‘obedient’ sibling, as well as the views expressed in her semi-autobiographical novels Agnes Grey (1847) and The Tenant of Wildfell Hall (1848).

description: English Literature
Understand Research Data
Creators: Kratcha, Kae Bara
Glass, Eric C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Library research
Academic libraries
Research--Data processing
Numerical analysis--Data processing
Spatial analysis (Statistics)--Data processing
Criticism, Textual--Data processing

description: This module in the “From Books to Bytes” series defines research data and helps you to find, utilize, and manage research data ethically. This video defines research data, unpacks some common misconceptions about them, and also explores different types of research data. After watching this video, you will be able to define research data and introduce the different types of research data: numeric, spatial, and textual. Handouts cover F.A.I.R. Data Principles, go deeper into data management, and introduce the concept of an Institutional Review Board (IRB).