Upogebia issaeffi Balss 1913
Creators: name: Kornienko, Elena S.
name: Korn, Olga M.
name: Demchuk, Darya D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Upogebiidae
Upogebia
Upogebia issaeffi

description: Upogebia issaeffi (Balss, 1913)
Remarks. The development of U. issaeffi included four zoeae and one megalopa. The minimal time required for larvae to reach the megalopal stage was about 12 days at a temperature of 20–22°C.
Description of larval stages (Figs 1–7).
First zoea (Fig. 1)
Material examined. TL= 2.83 ±0.11 mm; CL = 1.00 ± 0.06 mm; N = 10.
Minimal duration. 3 days.
Carapace (Fig. 1 A, B). Longer than wide, with a pointed rostral spine, reaching 1/2 of antennules without aesthetascs; eyes sessile; cervical groove not visible, linea thalassinica absent.
Antennule (Fig. 1 C). Elongated, unsegmented, with 1 thick and 4 thin terminal aesthetascs, with 1 short simple terminal seta and 1 densely plumose subterminal seta.
Antenna (Fig. 1 D). Protopod with a serrated spine near the base of scaphocerite (exopod); endopod unsegmented, with three 3 terminal plumose setae; scaphocerite with a distal spine and 9–10 inner plumose setae.
Mandibles (Fig. 1 E). Without palps.
Maxillule (Fig. 1 F). Coxal endite with 9 plumodenticulate setae; basial endite with 4 plumodenticulate cuspidate and 3 plumodenticulate setae; endopod 3-segmented, with 2, 2, 4 plumodenticulate setae (boundary between segments 2 and 3 obscure).
Maxilla (Fig. 1 G). Coxal and basial endites distinctly bilobed; coxal endite with 10+5 plumodenticulate setae, basial endite with 7 + 8–9 plumodenticulate setae; endopod unsegmented, slightly bilobed, with 3+3 plumodenticulate setae; scaphognathite with 9 marginal plumose setae.
First maxilliped (Fig. 1 H). Coxa with 2 sparsely plumose setae; basis with 11 sparsely plumose setae arranged 2, 3, 3, 3; endopod 5-segmented, setal formula progressing distally 3, 2+I, 1+I, 2, 4+I; exopod unsegmented, with 4 terminal plumose natatory setae.
Second maxilliped (Fig. 1 I). Coxa unarmed; basis with 3 sparsely plumose setae arranged 1, 2; endopod 4-segmented, setal formula progressing distally 2, 3+I, 3, 4+I; exopod unsegmented, with 4 terminal plumose natatory setae.
Third maxilliped (Fig. 1 J). Biramous, unarmed.
Pereiopods (Fig. 1 K). Pereiopods 1–3 biramous, unarmed; pereiopods 4 and 5 uniramous, unarmed.
Pleon (Fig. 1 A, B). Five somites, unarmed.
Pleopods (Fig. 1 B). Pleopod buds present.
Uropod. Absent.
Telson (Fig. 1 L). Fan-shaped, with median cleft and 7+7 posterior processes: 1—outermost articulated spine, 2 —anomuran hair near base of process 3, 3–7—plumose articulated setae; posterior margin covered with short spinules; anal spine present.
Second zoea (Fig. 2)
Material examined. TL = 3.04±0.14 mm; CL = 1.01±0.09 mm; N = 10.
Minimal duration. 3 days.
Carapace (Fig. 2 A, B). Rostrum shorter than 1/2 antennule without aesthetascs; eyes stalked; cervical groove slightly visible.
Antennule (Fig. 2 C, D). Biramous; protopod with 3 inner long plumose setae and 7–8 outer short sparsely plumose setae in 3 tiers, with 2 long distal densely plumose setae and 2–3 short distal sparsely plumose setae; endopod fused with protopod, pointed, with 2 short subterminal simple setae; exopod separated from protopod, with 2 thick and 3 thin terminal aesthetascs, with 3 terminal simple setae of different length and 1 subterminal aesthetasc.
Antenna (Fig. 2 E). Protopod with 2 serrated spines near the base of scaphocerite; scaphocerite with 10 inner plumose setae and 1 simple seta.
Mandibles (Fig. 2 F). Palp buds present.
Maxillule (Fig. 2 G). Coxal endite with 10 plumodenticulate setae; basial endite with 6 plumodenticulate cuspidate setae and 4 plumodenticulate setae; endopod 2-segmented, with 2, 2+4 plumodenticulate setae.
Maxilla (Fig. 2 H). Coxal endite with 11+5 plumodenticulate setae; basial endite with 9–10 + 10–11 plumodenticulate setae; scaphognathite with 11–13 marginal plumose setae.
First maxilliped (Fig. 2 I). Basis with 12 setae arranged 2, 3, 1, 3, 3; exopod with 6 terminal plumose natatory setae.
Second maxilliped (Fig. 2 J). Endopod setal formula progressing distally 3, 3+I, 3, 5+I; exopod with 6 terminal plumose natatory setae.
Third maxilliped (Fig. 2 K). Biramous; endopod unarmed; exopod with 5 terminal plumose natatory setae.
Pereiopods (Fig. 2 L). Exopods of pereiopods 1–3 longer than endopods, exopods of pereiopods 1 and 2 with 6 terminal plumose natatory setae, exopod of pereiopod 3 with 5 terminal plumose natatory setae.
Pleon (Fig. 2 A, B). Unchanged.
Pleopods (Fig. 2 B). Increased in size.
Uropod. Absent.
Telson (Fig. 2 M). With 8+1+8 posterior processes, median unpaired process fused.
Third zoea (Fig. 3)
Material examined. TL = 3.47±0.23 mm; CL = 1.25±0.09 mm; N = 10.
Minimal duration. 3 days.
Carapace (Fig. 3 A, B). Cervical groove distinctly visible.
Antennule (Fig. 3 C). Protopod with 8 inner long plumose setae; exopod with 2 thick and 1 thin terminal aesthetascs, with 1 subterminal short simple seta.
Antenna (Fig. 3 D). Protopod 2-segmented; endopod slightly longer than scaphocerite, endopod setae reduced to 1 short seta; scaphocerite with 14–15 inner plumose setae.
Mandibles (Fig. 3 E). Palp buds increased.
Maxillule (Fig. 3 F). Coxal endite with 10–11 plumodenticulate setae; basial endite with 1 lateral plumose seta.
Maxilla (Fig. 3 G). Coxal endite with 11–12 + 5 plumodenticulate setae; scaphognathite with 13–18 marginal plumose setae.
First maxilliped (Fig. 3 H). Basis with 13 setae arranged 2, 3, 1, 3, 1, 3; endopod setal formula progressing distally 3+I, 2+I, 1+I, 2, 4+I; exopod with 7 terminal plumose natatory setae.
Second maxilliped (Fig. 3 I). Endopod 5-segmented, setal formula progressing distally 3, 3+I, 1, 2, 5+I; exopod with 7 terminal plumose natatory setae.
Third maxilliped (Fig. 3 J). Increased in size, endopod considerably shorter than exopod; exopod with 7 terminal plumose natatory setae.
Pereiopods (Fig. 3 K–N). Endopods of pereiopods 1 and 2 slightly longer than exopods, exopods with 7 terminal plumose natatory setae; endopod of pereiopod 3 equal exopod, exopod with 6 terminal plumose natatory setae; pereiopods 4 and 5 uniramous, incompletely segmented.
Pleon (Fig. 3 A, O). Somite 6 separated from telson; somites 2–5 with pleopods; somite 6 with uropods.
Pleopods (Fig. 3 B, O). Elongated, uniramous.
Uropod (Fig. 3 O). Biramous; endopod and exopod separated from protopod; endopod with 4 marginal plumose setae, exopod with distal articulated spine and 17–18 marginal plumose setae.
Telson (Fig. 3 A, O). Trapeziform, with 8+1+8 posterior processes, process 4 the longest; processes 1, 2, 5–8 articulated, processes 3, 4 and a median unpaired process fused; processes 5–8 densely plumose, processes 1–4 and a median unpaired process serrated.
Fourth zoea (Fig. 4)
Material examined. TL = 4.16±0.38 mm; CL = 1.37±0.11 mm; N = 10.
Minimal duration. 3 days.
Carapace (Fig. 4 A). Unchanged.
Antennule (Fig. 4 B). Protopod with 8 inner long plumose setae.
Antenna (Fig. 4 C). Endopod considerably longer than scaphocerite, unarmed, separated from protopod; proximal part 2-segmented, distal part incompletely segmented; scaphocerite with 15–16 inner plumose setae.
Mandibles (Fig. 4 D). Palp buds increased.
Maxillule (Fig. 4 E). Coxal endite with 11 plumodenticulate setae; basial endite with 6–7 plumodenticulate cuspidate setae and 4–5 plumodenticulate setae.
Maxilla (Fig. 4 F). Coxal endite with 12+5 setae, basial endite with 8 + 11–12 setae; scaphognathite with 16–21 marginal plumose setae.
First maxilliped (Fig. 4 G). Unchanged.
Second maxilliped (Fig. 4 H). Unchanged.
Third maxilliped (Fig. 4 I). Endopod longer than exopod, incompletely segmented.
Pereiopods (Fig. 4 J–M). Endopods of pereiopods 1–3 considerably longer than exopods, incompletely segmented.
Pleon (Fig. 4 A). Unchanged.
Pleopods (Fig. 4 A). Increased in size.
Uropod (Fig. 4 N). Endopod with 13–14 marginal plumose setae, exopod with 20 marginal plumose setae.
Telson (Fig. 4 N). Posterior processes 1–4 fused, only distal part of processes 5–8 with setules.
Megalopa (Fig. 5–7)
Material examined. TL = 4.10±0.35 mm; CL = 1.54±0.15 mm; N = 10.
Minimal duration. 6 days.
Carapace (Fig. 5 A, B). Rostral spine reduced, with blunt setose tip, dorsal rostral surface with 4 blunt spines, covered with simple and sparsely plumose setae, lateral rostral margins with blunt spines and with numerous sparsely plumose setae; ventral carapace margins with numerous plumose setae; cervical groove present; linea thalassinica not evident.
Antennule (Fig. 5 C). Peduncle 3-segmented, proximal segment with a distal spine, numerous plumose setae of different length and 7–8 plumose setae arranged in line, penultimate segment with 4–7 distal simple setae of different length, distal segment with 3–4 distal simple setae; endopod (inner flagellum) incompletely 2-segmented, with 1 long and 4 short simple setae; exopod (outer flagellum) 2-segmented, proximal segment unarmed, distal segment with 3 aesthetascs (2 terminal and 1 subterminal) and 5 short simple setae (2 terminal and 3 subterminal).
Antenna (Fig. 5 D). Peduncle 3-segmented, proximal segment with a distal inner spine, 5 plumose setae and 2 short simple setae, penultimate segment with 6–9 plumose and simple setae, distal segment with 6–10 simple and sparsely plumose setae; flagellum 23–25-segmented, each with 0–9 distal simple setae; rudimentary exopod on the proximal peduncular segment.
Mandibles (Fig. 5 E). Palp 3-segmented, distal segment with 13–15 short plumose and plumodenticulate setae.
Maxillule (Fig. 5 F). Coxal endite with 9–13 long plumodenticulate setae arranged in line, and about 20 short plumodenticulate setae of different types; basial endite with 10–14 plumodenticulate cuspidate setae, 7–9 plumodenticulate and 3 lateral plumose setae; endopod unsegmented, reduced, unarmed; exopod plumodenticulate seta present.
Maxilla (Fig. 5 G). Coxal endite bilobed, proximal lobe with 15–20 marginal plumodenticulate setae, 6 short submarginal sparsely plumose setae and 18–22 long plumose setae on the opposite side, distal lobe with 5 marginal plumodenticulate setae, 2 submarginal sparsely plumose setae and 6–8 plumose setae on the opposite side; basial endite bilobed, with 14–16 + 30–35 marginal plumodenticulate and simple setae; endopod reduced, unsegmented, proximal part with 2 short plumose setae, distal part with 2 sparsely plumose setae; scaphognathite with 35–37 marginal plumose setae.
First maxilliped (Fig. 6 A). Coxa with 14 marginal sparsely plumose setae and 4 short plumodenticulate setae at the base of basis; basis with 35–40 plumodenticulate setae; endopod incompletely 2-segmented, with 7–9 densely plumose setae; exopod 2-segmented, proximal segment with 2 densely plumose setae, distal segment with 2–3 densely plumose setae; small epipod present.
Second maxilliped (Fig. 6 B). Coxa with 4–5 pappose setae; basis with 3–5 pappose setae; endopod 5-segmented, setal formula progressing distally 2–4, 20–25, 0, 11–12, 7–8; exopod reduced, incompletely segmented, unarmed; epipod not visible.
Third maxilliped (Fig. 6 C). Coxa with 5–7 pappose setae; basis with 2–3 pappose setae; endopod 5-segmented, segments 1, 2, 4 and 5 each with numerous (about 30) long inner plumose setae and rare short simple and plumodenticulate setae of different length, segment 3 with 3 long and 5 short plumodenticulate setae of different types; exopod reduced, unsegmented, unarmed; small epipod present.
Pereiopod 1 (Fig. 6 D). Biramous; coxa with 2–3 short simple setae; basis with 6–9 sparsely plumose setae; ischium with 1 distal inner spine and 2 rows of inner densely plumose setae; merus with 4 lateral inner spines, 1 lateral outer spine, with 2 rows of inner densely plumose setae and rare outer simple setae; carpus with 1 inner distal spine, 1 outer distal spine and rare simple setae, propodus with 2 outer distal spines and 1 inner large distal spine forming subchelate shape, with rare simple and sparsely plumose setae and 9 inner long plumose setae in proximal part; dactylus with a claw, covered with simple and sparsely plumose setae of different length; exopod small, reduced, unarmed.
Pereiopod 2 (Fig. 6 E). Biramous; coxa and basis each with 1–2 short simple setae; ischium with 3–4 short simple setae; merus with 2 inner lateral spines and 1 outer lateral spine, with 2 rows of inner long plumose setae and rare outer short simple setae; carpus with 2 distal spines (inner and outer), with a row of 13–14 outer long plumose setae as shown and with rare simple setae; propodus with inner row (14–15) and outer row (7) of long plumose setae as shown; dactylus as in pereiopod 1; exopod as in pereiopod 1.
Pereiopod 3 (Fig. 6 F, F`). Biramous; coxa and basis with 2–3 short simple setae; ischium with 4–5 simple setae; merus with 3 inner lateral spines and 5–9 short simple setae; carpus, propodus and dactylus covered with sparsely plumose or simple setae; propodus with 1 inner distal spine, dactylus with 2 inner lateral spines; exopod as in pereiopods 2 and 3.
Pereiopod 4 (Fig. 6 G, G`). Uniramous; proximal segments covered with rare simple short setae, distal segments covered with numerous sparsely plumose, plumodenticulate and simple setae; propodus with 1 inner distal spine; dactylus with 3 inner lateral spines.
Pereiopod 5 (Fig. 6 H, H`). Uniramous; proximal segments covered with rare simple short setae, distal segments covered with sparsely plumose, plumodenticulate and simple setae; propodus with 1 large inner distal spine forming subchelate shape; dactylus with 2 inner distal spines.
Pleon (Fig. 7 A). Consists of 6 somites and telson; dorsal surface covered with numerous short simple setae; somite 2–5 with well-developed pleopods, somite 6 with uropods.
Pleopods (Fig. 7 B). Biramous; endopod and exopod separated from protopod; protopod each with 1 short simple seta; endopod each with 10–12 marginal densely plumose setae; exopod each with 29–32 marginal long densely plumose setae, distal part with 2–3 short simple setae.
Uropod (Fig. 7 C). Biramous; endopod and exopod separated from protopod; endopod with 18–19 marginal densely plumose setae, 10–15 marginal simple or sparsely plumose setae and 2 setae on the surface; exopod with 1–3 distal spines, 36–40 marginal densely plumose, 19–21 marginal simple or sparsely plumose setae of different length and 2–3 setae on the surface.
Telson (Fig. 7 D). Nearly squared, dorsal and ventral surface covered with rare simple setae of different length; posterior margin with a fused median short process and 2 articulated lateral processes, with 22–24 plumose and 10–12 simple setae.
description: Published as part of Kornienko, Elena S., Korn, Olga M. & Demchuk, Darya D., 2012, The larval development of the mud shrimp Upogebia issaeffi (Balss, 1913) (Decapoda: Gebiidea: Upogebiidae) reared under laboratory conditions, pp. 31-46 in Zootaxa 3269 on pages 32-38, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.213382