cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The stability of toroidal fields in stars
Creators: name: Braithwaite, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical models of hydromagnetic instabilities under the conditions prevailing in a stably stratified, non-convective stellar interior, and compare them with previous results of analytic work on instabilities in purely toroidal fields. We confirm that an $m=1$ mode (`kink') is the dominant instability in a toroidal field in which the field strength is proportional to distance from the axis, such as the field formed by the winding up of a weak field by differential rotation. We measure the growth rate of the instability as a function of field strength and rotation rate $Ω$, and investigate the effects of a stabilising thermal stratification as well as magnetic and thermal diffusion on the stability. Where comparison is computationally feasible, the results agree with analytic predictions.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures, comments welcome
The pathways of humans and animals in the Early Neolithic Balkans: an archaeozoological perspective
Creators: name: Živaljević, Ivana
name: Dimitrijević, Vesna
name: Stefanović, Sofija
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Early Neolithic, Balkans, archaeozoology, animal husbandry, regional differences

description: Over the last couple of decades, extensive archaeozoological and aDNA studies have securely placed the origin of animal domestication in the Middle East. From this area, humans and domesticated animals (sheep, goat, cattle and pig) gradually spread to the Balkans, and ultimately to the rest of Europe. Nevertheless, the faunal record from the Early Neolithic (c. 6500‒5500 cal BC) sites in the Balkans indicates that this process had been far from uniform. There seem to have been pronounced regional differences in herding strategies, mainly between the southern parts of the Balkan peninsula, and its central and northern parts, bordering with the Great Pannonian plain. In the former, animal husbandry was mainly oriented towards caprovines, whereas in the latter, in addition to sheep and goat, cattle husbandry played a more significant role. In this paper, we present new results of the analysis of faunal assemblages from Early Neolithic sites in Serbia and North Macedonia, the latter representing an area which had
 previously been insufficiently studied from an archaeozoological perspective. By comparing taxonomic compositions and mortality profiles of domestic animals in the two studied regions, we aim to provide additional insights into different animal husbandry
 practices, and look into possible reasons for this divergence – adaptations to new environments, cultural attitudes to various animals, and/or adherence to particular traditions.
A conjecture about the general cosmological solution of Einstein's equations
Creators: name: Barrow, John D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce consideration of a new factor, synchronisation of spacetime Mixmaster oscillations, that may play a simplifying role in understanding the nature of the general inhomogeneous cosmological solution to Einstein's equations. We conjecture that, on approach to a singularity, the interaction of spacetime Mixmaster oscillations in different regions of an inhomogeneous universe can produce a synchronisation of these oscillations through a coupling to their mean field in the way first demonstrated by the Kuramoto coupled oscillator model.
description: 7 pages, no figures, added analysis
Formality theorems for Hochschild chains in the Lie algebroid setting
Creators: name: Calaque, Damien
name: Dolgushev, Vasiliy
name: Halbout, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16E45; 53C15; 18G55

description: In this paper we prove Lie algebroid versions of Tsygan's formality conjecture for Hochschild chains both in the smooth and holomorphic settings. In the holomorphic setting our result implies a version of Tsygan's formality conjecture for Hochschild chains of the structure sheaf of any complex manifold and in the smooth setting this result allows us to describe quantum traces for an arbitrary Poisson Lie algebroid. The proofs are based on the use of Kontsevich's quasi-isomorphism for Hochschild cochains of R[[y_1,...,y_d]], Shoikhet's quasi-isomorphism for Hochschild chains of R[[y_1,...,y_d]], and Fedosov's resolutions of the natural analogues of Hochschild (co)chain complexes associated with a Lie algebroid.
description: 40 pages, no figures
Revealing the "hidden" Central Balkan and Pannonian Mesolithic: new radiocarbon evidence from Serbia
Creators: name: Živaljević, Ivana
name: Dimitrijević, Vesna
name: Jovanović, Jelena
name: Blagojević, Tamara
name: Pendić, Jugoslav
name: Putica, Anđelka
name: Uzelac, Viktorija
name: Bulatović, Jelena
name: Spasić, Miloš
name: Anđelić, Dragan
name: Bajčeta, Milica
name: Jončić, Nenad
name: Stefanović, Sofija
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Central Balkans, Southern Pannonian Plain, new AMS radiocarbon dates, Serbia, Mesolithic

description: With the exception of well known Mesolithic sites in the Danube Gorges, which provide ample evidence of (more or less) continuous human occupation between 9500 and 5500 cal BC, the wider areas of the Central Balkans and southern fringes of the Great Pannonian Plain still represent a terra incognita when it comes to the presence and settlement patterns of Mesolithic communities. In the archaeological literature, the absence of Mesolithic sites in the region was associated with environmental changes in the Early Holocene, presumed low human population densities, the visibility and state of preservation of organic material (often the only indicator of human activity), or the lack of adequate research. However, valuable insights into the obscure regional Mesolithic can be gained not only by new archaeological excavations, but also by revisiting and reanalysis of existing archaeological collections. Particularly informative in this respect are the Early Neolithic sites, which are indicative of the extensive spread of farming communities starting from 6200 cal BC, and/or their greater visibility in the archaeological record. Within the ongoing ERC BIRTH project (Births, mothers and babies: prehistoric fertility in the Balkans between 10000 and 5000 cal BC), a large sample of human, animal and plant remains from these sites was AMS dated. Unsurprisingly, the majority of obtained dates corresponded to the expected (Early Neolithic) range between 6200-5500 cal BC. However, several animal bone samples and one human bone sample from the sites of Magareći mlin, Grabovac-Đurića vinogradi and Gospođinci-Nove zemlje produced Mesolithic dates, i.e. were dated to the 8th millennium cal BC. In this paper, we present new AMS radiocarbon dates, discuss the contextual provenance of dated bones, and explore the implications of these results for a better understanding of the problem of the “missing” and “invisible” Mesolithic in the Central Balkans and Southern Pannonia.
Evolution Of Downflows In The Transition Region Above A Sunspot Over Short Time-Scales
Creators: name: Nelson, C. J.
name: Prasad, S. Krishna
name: Mathioudakis, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Downflows with high velocities occur in the transition region above many sunspots; however, how these signatures evolve over short time-scales in both spatial and spectral terms is still unknown. In this article, we investigate the evolution of downflows detected within the transition region on time-scales of the order minutes and search for clues as to their formation mechanisms in co-temporal imaging data. The high-resolution spectral and imaging data used to identify downflows here were sampled by IRIS on the 20th and 21st May 2015. Imaging data from the Hinode and SDO satellites provided context about the wider solar atmosphere. Four downflows were identified and analysed. The potential super-sonic components of these downflows had widths of around 2" and evolved over time-scales of the order minutes. The measured apparent downflow velocities were structured both in time and space, with the highest apparent velocities occurring above a bright region detected in Si IV 1400 Å images. Downflows with apparent velocities below 50 km s^{-1} were observed to extend a few arcsecs away from the foot-points suggesting the potential super-sonic components are linked to larger-scale flows. The electron density and mass flux for these events were within the ranges 10^{9.6}-10^{10.2} cm^{-3} and 10^{-6.81}-10^{-7.48} g cm^{-2} s^{-1}, respectively. Each downflow formed at the foot-point of thin `fingers' extending out around 3-5" in Si IV 1400 Å data with smaller widths (<1") than the super-sonic downflows. Downflows can appear, disappear, and recur within time-scales of less than one hour in sunspots. As potential super-sonic downflow signatures were detected at the foot-points of both extended fingers in Si IV 1400 Å SJI data and sub-sonic downflows in Si IV 1394 Å spectra, it is likely that these events are linked to flows within structures such as coronal loops.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Inefficient emergent oscillations in intersecting driven many-particle flows
Creators: name: Jiang, Rui
name: Helbing, Dirk
name: Shukla, Pradyumn Kumar
name: Wu, Qing-Song
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oscillatory flow patterns have been observed in many different driven many-particle systems. The conventional assumption is that the reason for emergent oscillations in opposing flows is an increased efficiency (throughput). In this contribution, however, we will study intersecting pedestrian and vehicle flows as an example for inefficient emergent oscillations. In the coupled vehicle-pedestrian delay problem, oscillating pedestrian and vehicle flows form when pedestrians cross the street with a small time gap to approaching cars, while both pedestrians and vehicles benefit, when they keep some overcritical time gap. That is, when the safety time gap of pedestrians is increased, the average delay time of pedestrians decreases and the vehicle flow goes up. This may be interpreted as a slower-is-faster effect. The underlying mechanism of this effect is explained in detail.
description: For related publications see http://www.helbing.org
Supply chain financing theory of the trade payables–performance link
Creators: name: Wetzel, Philipp
name: Wagner, Stephan M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The existing empirical literature provides conflicting explanations of the relationship between trade payables and financial performance, highlighting a gap in understanding the nuances of this relationship. This article proposes a novel theory based on empirical evidence that re-examines the trade payables–performance linkage and explores the role of supply chain finance (SCF) as a critical moderating variable. Using a comprehensive methodology that integrates face-to-face interviews, web scraping, desk research, and econometric modelling, we identify the previously overlooked but significant factor of the implicit cost effect. Overall, the results suggest that SCF significantly modifies the relationship between trade payables and performance, and that SCF buyers are more likely than non-SCF buyers to achieve positive financial outcomes from extending trade payable terms due to the implicit cost effect. This research resolves existing theoretical discrepancies and provides deep insights into the dynamics of trade payable terms and the role of SCF. In addition, the study offers significant practical implications by informing corporate decision makers about strategies to optimise a supply chain’s working capital efficiency in order to improve financial performance.
[Letter from R. Friedländer & Sohn]
Creators: name: R. Friedländer & Sohn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1907

description: Request for the papers: 1. Algologiske Notiser III, Det Kgl. Norske. Vid. Selsk. Skrifter 1906, no. 8. Trondhjem 1907. 2. Antarctic and subantarctic Corallinaceae (Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der schwedischen Südpolar-Expedition 1901-1903. 3. Marine Algae. II. Corallinaceae. (National Antarctic Expedition 1901-1904. Natural History, Vol. III. London 1907).
Quantum pumping and dissipation in closed systems
Creators: name: Cohen, Doron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current can be pumped through a closed system by changing parameters (or fields) in time. Linear response theory (the Kubo formula) allows to analyze both the charge transport and the associated dissipation effect. We make a distinction between adiabatic and non-adiabatic regimes, and explain the subtle limit of an infinite system. As an example we discuss the following question: What is the amount of charge which is pushed by a moving scatterer? In the low frequency (DC) limit we can write dQ=-GdX, where dX is the displacement of the scatterer. Thus the issue is to calculate the generalized conductance $G$.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, Lecture notes for the proceedings of the conference "Frontiers of Quantum and Mesoscopic Thermodynamics" [Prague, July 2004]
بررسی ارتباطات انسانی بین همسران وآسیب های آن در شهرستان پلدختر
Creators: name: Tavassoli, Afsaneh
name: مهناز اصغری
name: محسن رستگار
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: پژوهش حاضر به بررسی ارتباطات انسانی(مهارتهای گفتگو) بین همسران در شهرستان پلدختر می پردازد.ارتباطات انسانی (مهارتهای گفتگو) به عنوان رکن اصلی زندگی نیازمند دقت وتوجه بسیاری می باشد؛ خصوصا" در خانواده بهعنوان مهمترین نهاداجتماعی بایدموردتوجه قرارگیرد. این تحقیق درصددآن است که به ویژگی های ارتباطات انسانی اعم ازکلامی وغیر کلامی میان زوجین پرداخته وبه شناسایی هرکنش ارتباطی به عنوان یک کنش کاملا متفاوت با کنش های دیگر ارتباطی اقدام نموده ولزوم آگاهی وبه کارگیری اصول وقواعد عاقلانه را در ارتباط میان زوجین بااین سوال که " آیا میزان آگاهی از ارتباطات انسانی(مهارتهای گفتگو) منجر به استحکام بنیان خانواده وکاهش آسیب هاوتنش میان آنها می شود یا خیر؟" مورد بررسی قرار دهد.در این تحقیق ازدوروش استفاده شده است روش اسنادی و روش پیمایشی .جهت تحلیل اطلاعات از نرم افزار SPSS استفاده گردیده و با آزمون خی 2 x مورد سنجش قرار گرفته است. دراین تحقیق حجم نمونه 973 نفر،میباشد. نتایج نشان داد پایگاه اقتصادی اجتماعی همسران برمهارت گفتگو میان ایشان تاثیر دارد. همچنین بین مهارت ورضایت از زندگی رابطه معناداری دریافت شد .رابطه معنادار بین مهارت گفتگو بین همسران و کاهش افکار آسیب زا نیز نشان داد که تمایل به طلاق، افسردگی و فرار در صورت تقویت مهارت گفتگو بین همسران کاهش می یابد.
Reduced Wolf-Rayet Line Luminosities at Low Metallicity
Creators: name: Crowther, Paul A
name: Hadfield, L J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New NTT/EMMI spectrophotometry of single WN2-5 stars in the Magellanic Clouds are presented, from which HeII 4686 line luminosities have been derived, and compared with observations of other Magellanic Cloud WR stars. SMC WN3-4 stars possess line luminosities which are a factor of 4 times lower than LMC counterparts, incorporating several binary SMC WN3-4 stars. Similar results are found for WN5-6 stars, despite reduced statistics, incorporating observations of single LMC WN5-9 stars. CIV 5808 line luminosities of carbon sequence WR stars in the SMC and IC1613 (both WO subtypes) are a factor of 3 lower than LMC WC stars from Mt Stromlo/DBS spectrophotometry, although similar results are also obtained for the sole LMC WO star. We demonstrate how reduced line luminosities at low metallicity follow naturally if WR winds are Z-dependent, as recent results suggest. We apply mass loss-Z scalings to atmospheric non-LTE models of Milky Way and LMC WR stars to predict the wind signatures of WR stars in the metal-poor star forming WR galaxy IZw18. WN HeII 4686 line luminosities are 7-20 times lower than in Z-rich counterparts of identical bolometric luminosity, whilst WC CIV 5808 line luminosities are 3-6 times lower. Significant He^+ Lyman continuum fluxes are predicted for Z-poor early-type WR stars. Consequently, our results suggest the need for larger population of WR stars in IZw18 than is presently assumed, particularly for WN stars, potentially posing a severe challenge to evolutionary models at very low Z. Finally, reduced wind strengths from WR stars at low Z impacts upon the immediate circumstellar environment of long duration GRB afterglows, particularly since the host galaxies of high-redshift GRBs tend to be Z-poor.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, accepted for A&A, revision fixes error with Eqn 1
Exploring early farming diets and population dynamics in the Neolithic central Balkans
Creators: name: Filipović, Dragana
name: de Becdelievre, Camille
name: Jovanović, Jelena
name: Büdel, Thomas
name: Penezić, Kristina
name: Stefanoović, Sofija
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: The adoption of agriculture and sedentary lifestyle in the Neolithic may have triggered the process of Neolithic demographic transition (NDT) which, eventually, promoted the formation of early urban centers (e.g. Bocquet-Appel 2002; Belwood, Oxenham 2008; Drennan, Peterson 2008). The change in the food procurement system (from foraging to food production) and diet (e.g. greater intake of carbohydrates) is seen as a key factor in the increase of fertility rate leading to the remarkable population growth. No direct evidence, however, such as osteological or nutritional indicators has been examined to establish the absolute link between the "cause" (dietary shift) and the "effect" (population growth) offered as an explanation for the NDT.
Müller-Kessler, Christa: Grammatik des christlich-palästinisch-aramäischen
Creators: name: Van Esbroeck, Michel
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 77 (1993): Oriens christianus, Band 77
An investigation of poorly studied open cluster NGC 4337 using multi-color photometric and Gaia DR2 astrometric data
Creators: name: Bisht, D.
name: Elsanhoury, W. H.
name: Zhu, Qingfeng
name: Sariya, Devesh P.
name: Yadav, R. K. S.
name: Rangwal, Geeta
name: Durgapal, Alok
name: Jiang, Ing-Guey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive analysis (photometric and kinematical) of poorly studied open cluster NGC 4337 using 2MASS, WISE, APASS, and Gaia~DR2 database. By determining the membership probabilities of stars, we identified 624 most probable members with membership probability higher than $50\%$ by using proper motion and parallax data taken from Gaia~DR2. The mean proper motion of the cluster is obtained as $μ_{x}=-8.83\pm0.01$ and $μ_{y}=1.49\pm0.006$ mas yr$^{-1}$. We find the normal interstellar extinction towards the cluster region. The radial distribution of members provides a cluster radius of 7.75 arcmin (5.63 pc). The estimated age of $1600\pm180$ Myr indicates that NGC 4337 is an old open cluster with a bunch of red giant stars. The overall mass function slope for main-sequence stars is found as $1.46\pm0.18$ within the mass range 0.75$-$2.0 $M_\odot$, which is in fair agreement with Salpeter's value (x=1.35) within uncertainty. The present study demonstrates that NGC 4337 is a dynamically relaxed open cluster. Using the Galactic potential model, Galactic orbits are obtained for NGC 4337. We found that this object follows a circular path around the Galactic center. Under the kinematical analysis, we compute the apex coordinates $(A, D)$ by using two methods: (i) the classical convergent point method and (ii) the AD-diagram method. The obtained coordinates are: $(A_{conv}, D_{conv})$ = (96$^{\textrm{o}}$.27 $\pm$ 0$^{\textrm{o}}$.10, 13$^{\textrm{o}}$.14 $\pm$ 0$^{\textrm{o}}$.27) $\&$ $(A_\circ, D_\circ)$ = (100$^{\textrm{o}}$.282 $\pm$ 0$^{\textrm{o}}$.10, 9$^{\textrm{o}}$.577 $\pm$ 0$^{\textrm{o}}$.323) respectively. We also computed the Velocity Ellipsoid Parameters (VEPs), matrix elements ($μ_{ij}$), direction cosines ($l_j$, $m_j$, $n_j$) and the Galactic longitude of the vertex ($l_2$).
description: 24 pages, 16 figures and 4 table. The article has been accepted for publication in AJ
بررسی ابعاد اجتماعی و شخصیتی زنان در آثار برندگان جایزه نوبل ادبیات با تأکید بر آلیس مونرو
Creators: name: Tavassoli, Afsaneh
name: مائده رحماندوست
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: این مقاله به بررسی ابعاد اجتماعی تصویر زن در آثار برند گان جایزه ی نوبل ادبیات با نظر بر رآلیس مونرومی پردازد. آلیس مونرو نویسنده کانادایی 85 ساله ای است که علاوه بر جایز نوبل ادبیات در سال2013 ،جایزه های فراوان دیگری نیز در عرصه ی ادبی به خود اختصاص داده ا ست. آثار وی به صورت دا ستان های کوتاه بوده و او را استاد داستان کوتاه معاصر و از مقدسات ادبیات جهان لقب داده اند. از همین رو، داستانهای کوتاه اوکه در سال های متفاوت به نگارش درآمده بودند، از طریق روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی مورد تحلیل و برر سی قرارگرفت، که هنگام تحلیل این آثار، در هشتمین نظر به ا شباع نظری تحلیل ر سید. بر ا ساس تحلیل های انجام شده،آلیس مونرو تا حد قا بل توجهی تحت تأ ثیر آراء و نگرش های چپ گرایانه و تا حدودی، تحت تأ ثیر آرایفمینیستهای رادیکال قرار دارد. مادری پرتعارض، تأکید همواره ی او بر جایگاه فرود ست زن در جامعه، وابستگی زن، از خود بیگانگی، منفعل بودن و فراموش شدگی زن، و عدم داشتن هویت و تعریفی مسییتقل از خود، که درنوشته های او به چشم می خورد، می تواند اثبات این ادعا باشد. به علاوه او در بعضی از داستان های خود، زنانی طغیانگر را نیز به تصویر می کشد. البته این طغیان و اعتراض، چندان ریشه ای نیست و زنان معترض و متفاوت در جامعه، داغ خورده هستند. این زنانِ سردرگم، محصول جامعه در حال گذار در داستان های وب هستند و می توانگفت این تصویر اعلام خطری برای جوامع در حال گذار است. اهمیت این پژوهش، از طرفی در تأ ثیر گذاری داستان ها و شخصیت های آن بر الگوسازی خوانندگان متون است؛ و از طرف دیگر، به دلیل تأثیر زیاد آثار برندگان جوایز ادبی جهان، خصوصا جایزه نوبل ادبیات، بر سبک نگارش و محتوای نویسندگان جوامع دیگر به خصوص،جامعه ایران، است. زنی که نویسندگان ایرانی توصیف می کنند، کم کم جای خود را به زنی که مونرو درداستان هایش به تصویر می کشد، داده و این تصویر، بر افراد جامعه خصوصا زنان، که خواننده این آثار هستند، تأ ثیرفراوان خواهد داشت و الگوی رفتاری مشابهی برایشان ایجاد خواهد کرد.
The impact of operating lease reporting rules on firm efficiency: the moderating role of supply chain network structure
Creators: name: Patel, Pankaj C.
name: Jayaram, Jayanth “Jay”
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Effective December 16, 2018, Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016–02 requires lessees to record most leases on their balance sheets as right-of-use (ROU) assets with corresponding lease liabilities. Drawing on resource dependence theory, this study examines the impact of ASU 2016–02 on firm efficiency and the moderating role of supply chain network properties (eigenvector centrality, betweenness centrality, and interconnectedness). Using a sample of 9,571 firms and 139,041 firm-year observations from 1971 to 2022, fixed-effects regression analyses reveal that ASU 2016–02 is positively associated with firm efficiency. Eigenvector centrality strengthens this relationship, while interconnectedness weakens it. However, betweenness centrality does not significantly moderate the relationship. These findings contribute to the literature by highlighting the role of accounting standards and supply chain network structure in shaping firm efficiency. The study offers practical insights for managers and stakeholders on navigating the impact of lease accounting changes and leveraging supply chain network properties to enhance operational efficiency.
[Letter from William Gilson Farlow]
Creators: name: Farlow, William Gilson
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1907

description: Expresses gratitude for the determination of the specimens sent earlier. Gives information about these specimens: Numbers 5 and 9 may come from the same locality, but unable to ascertain just where Mr. Saunders obtained his specimen. Number 17 is from Easter Island. Manga Reva is the spelling used by Mr. Agassiz's Expedition; it is at long. 135° W and lat. 23 S.
Facet Dependent Catalytic Activities of Anatase TiO$_2$ for CO$_2$ Adsorption and Conversion
Creators: name: Mishra, Shashi B.
name: Nanda, B. R. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the atomic-scale interaction mechanism of CO$_2$ and H$_2$O on TiO$_2$ surface is crucial to establish a correlation between the catalytic efficiency with its exposed facet. Here, with the aid of a three-state model, nudged elastic band simulations, and DFT calculations, we examine the chemical restructuring of these molecules during the process of adsorption, coadsorption and conversion on (001) including (1$\times$4)-reconstructed, (010), and (101) facets of anatase TiO$_2$ and thereby, evaluate the step selective reactivity order. In addition, the results reveal the unexplored non-trivialities in the reaction mechanisms. For the most stable (101) facet, we show that the unfavorable carbonate complex formation becomes favorable by switching the reaction from endothermic to exothermic in the presence of water. Further, we find that small binding energy does not necessarily imply physisorption. It can also give rise to chemisorption, where the loss in energy due to repulsive Hartree and Madelung interactions is comparable to the energy gained through the chemical bonding. Such a scenario is demonstrated for the CO$_2$ adsorption on (010) and (101) facets. Though (001) remains the most reactive surface, if it undergoes reconstruction, which happens at ultra-high vacuum and high temperature, the number of active sites is reduced by three-fourths.
description: 33 pages, 11 figures
Optimal generation of single-qubit operation from an always-on interaction by algebraic decoupling
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun
name: Whaley, K. Birgitta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a direct algebraic decoupling approach to generate arbitrary single-qubit operations in the presence of a constant interaction by applying local control signals. To overcome the difficulty of undesirable entanglement generated by the untunable interaction, we derive local control fields that are designed to both drive the qubit systems back to unentangled states at the end of the time interval over which the desired single-qubit operation is completed. This approach is seen to be particularly relevant for the physical implementation of solid-state quantum computation and for the design of low-power pulses in NMR.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Simulations of a bubble wall interacting with an electroweak plasma
Creators: name: Mou, Zong-Gang
name: Tranberg, Anders
name: Saffin, Paul M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform large-scale real-time simulations of a bubble wall sweeping through an out-of-equilibrium plasma. The scenario we have in mind is the electroweak phase transition, which may be first order in extensions of the Standard Model, and produce such bubbles. The process may be responsible for baryogenesis and can generate a background of primordial cosmological gravitational waves. We study thermodynamic features of the plasma near the advancing wall, the generation of Chern-Simons number/Higgs winding number and consider the potential for CP-violation at the wall generating a baryon asymmetry. A number of technical details necessary for a proper numerical implementation are developed.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures
Hierarchy from Baryogenesis
Creators: name: Senatore, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a recently proposed mechanism to solve the hierarchy problem in the context of the landscape, where the solution of the hierarchy problem is connected to the requirement of having baryons in our universe via Electroweak Baryogenesis. The phase transition is triggered by the fermion condensation of a new gauge sector which becomes strong at a scale Lambda determined by dimensional transmutation, and it is mediated to the standard model by a new singlet field. In a ``friendly'' neighborhood of the landscape, where only the relevant operators are ``scanned'' among the vacua, baryogenesis is effective only if the higgs mass m_h is comparable to this low scale Lambda, forcing m_h to be of order Lambda, and solving the hierarchy problem. A new CP violating phase is needed coupling the new singlet and the higgs field to new matter fields. We study the constraints on this model given by baryogenesis and by the electron electric dipole moment (EDM), and we briefly comment on gauge coupling unification and on dark matter relic abundance. We find that next generation experiments on the EDM will be sensitive to essentially the entire viable region of the parameter space, so that absence of a signal would effectively rule out the model.
description: 28 pages, 4 figures. v2: Added comments and references. Corrected one typo in eq.(81). Conclusions unaltered
State versus Private Sector Provision of Water Services in Africa: A Statistical, DEA and Stochastic Cost Frontier Analysis
Creators: name: Kirkpatrick, Colin
name: Parker, David
name: Zhang, Yin-Fang
name: Kirkpatrick, Colin
name: Parker, David
name: Zhang, Yin-Fang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Under pressure from donor agencies such as the World Bank, a number of developing countries have experimented with the privatisation of water services. This study reviews the existing econometric evidence on the effects of water privatisation in developing economies before presenting new results using statistical, data envelopment analysis (DEA) and stochastic cost frontier techniques and data from Africa. The study finds evidence of better performance in private utilities compared to state-owned utilities according to the statistical and DEA performance measures. But no statistically significant cost differences were discovered between private and public suppliers in the stochastic cost frontier analysis. The paper then considers reasons why water privatisation may prove problematic in lower-income economies, identifying the technology of water provision and nature of the product, transaction costs and possible regulatory weaknesses. However, a second-stage cost function analysis introducing a regulatory variable produced statistically insignificant results.
(Dis)continuities in fishing practices at the onset of Neolithic: a case study from Starčevo, Serbia
Creators: name: Živaljević, Ivana
name: Stefanović, Sofija
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: Whereas the significance of fishing is well documented at a number of Mesolithic and Early Neolithic (c. 9500 - 5500 cal BC) sites
 in the Danube Gorges (the Danube stretch between present-day Serbia and Romania) and is corroborated by archaeozoological,
 isotopic and archaeological evidence, this important activity has received less attention in the study of surrounding areas.
 The issue of determining the role of fishing is particularly relevant for the understanding of transitions from foraging to first
 food producing economies in the North-Central Balkans, the latter commonly associated with the Starčevo-Körös-Criş cultural
 complex (c. 6200 - 5500 cal BC). Existing data on isotopic dietary signatures of human remains from Early Neolithic Starčevo-
 Körös-Criş sites signal a more terrestrial diet (Whittle et al. 2002; 2005), however archaeozoological data from several Körös sites
 in Hungary (Bartosiewicz 2012) suggest that the role of fishing, in addition to being obscured by inadequate recovery techniques,
 would have varied greatly depending on site location and other socio-economic factors. In this paper, we present and discuss the
 results of the analysis of fish remains from the eponimous, Early Neolithic site of Starčevo-Grad in Serbia. The site is situated on
 the former bank of the Danube at the edge of its floodplan, little over a 100 km upstream from the Danube Gorges as the crow
 flies. The faunal remains collected over the course of 1932 and 1969-1970 excavation campaigns (originating from both domestic
 and wild animals, waterfowl and fishes) were previously published by Clason (1980), and are indicative of a both stock-breeding
 and a hunting/fishing economy. The fish remains, albeit few, were collected mostly by hand; and the role of fishing was probably
 more substantial. The occurrence of large fish hooks and fishing net weights speak in favour of such hypothesis, as well as the
 environment of the site, which was located in the very proximity of the river. In addition to the re-analysis of the remains from
 older excavations of Starčevo-Grad, our study also included the analysis of fish remains collected during 2003-2008 excavation
 campaigns. The aim of this paper, as well as future analyses of Early Neolithic faunal assemblages is to problematize the
 presumed dichotomy between Mesolithic and Early Neolithic subsistence strategies and to assess the role of fishing at the
 advent of food producing economies in the Central Balkans.
Numerical scheme based on the spectral method for calculating nonlinear hyperbolic evolution equations
Creators: name: Iwata, Yoritaka
name: Takei, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M70, 81Q05, 35G31

description: High-precision numerical scheme for nonlinear hyperbolic evolution equations is proposed based on the spectral method. The detail discretization processes are discussed in case of one-dimensional Klein-Gordon equations. In conclusion, a numerical scheme with the order of total calculation cost $O(N \log 2N)$ is proposed. As benchmark results, the relation between the numerical precision and the discretization unit size are demonstrated.
description: To appear in the proceedings of ICCM2020. Figure is modified from the original version
برررسی رابطه عملکرد جنسی و رضایت از زندگی زناشویی در شهرستان بیرجند
Creators: name: Tavassoli, Afsaneh
name: اعظم محترم
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: وجود رابطه جنسی مطلوب به نحوی که بتواند موجب رضایت طرفین شود، نقش بسیار مهم و اساسی در موفقیت و پایداری کانون خانواده دارد. با شناخت چگونگی عملکرد جنسی و مولفه های آن می توان به رضایت جنسی و در نهایت به رضایت زناشوییکه در سازگاری همسران نقش بسیار مهمی دارد رسید.
Globalisation on the Ground: Global Production Networks, Competition, Regulation and Economic Development
Creators: name: Henderson, Jeffrey
name: Henderson, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: International Development

description: This paper outlines a framework for the analysis of economic integration and its relation to the asymmetries of economic and social development. Breaking with state-centric forms of social science, it argues for a research agenda that is more adequate to the exigencies and consequences of globalisation than has traditionally been the case in 'development studies'. Reviewing earlier attempts to analyse the cross-border activities of firms, their spatial configurations and developmental consequences, the paper moves beyond these by proposing the framework of the 'global production network' (GPN). It explores the conceptual elements involved in this framework in some detail and then turns to an assessment of issues of competition and regulation for firms absorbed into GPNs and the economies influenced by them. Appreciating the limited attention paid to regulation and competition (particularly the latter) in research guided by the antecedents of GPN analysis, the paper argues that once these issues are factored into the framework, then we have in prospect the possibility of analyses of 'globalisation on the ground' that can take us closer to formulating policies adequate to the task of economic development in a global epoch.
New results from the PHOBOS experiment
Creators: name: Roland, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past five years, PHOBOS has collected data on proton-proton, deuteron-gold, Au+Au and Cu+Cu collisions, covering a wide range of collision energy, collision centrality and system size. Using these data, we have identified scaling features that are common for all types of high-energy collisions, as well as collective effects that are unique to the conditions created in collisions of relativistic nuclei. In this paper, we will focus on recent results obtained for collisions of Cu nuclei. Both in terms of universal features of particle production, and in the development of truly collective effects, the results for Cu nuclei confirm and extend our present understanding of nuclear collisions at the highest energies. In addition, we will describe recent unique results on multiplicity fluctuations and particle production at very low transverse momenta.
description: Proceedings for Quark Matter 2005
Inversion of two-band superconductivity at the critical electron doping of (Mg,Al)B$_2$
Creators: name: Cooley, L. D.
name: Zambano, A. J.
name: Moodenbaugh, A. R.
name: Klie, R. F.
name: Zheng, Jin-Cheng
name: Zhu, Yimei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) was combined with heat capacity measurements to follow the change of superconductivity with systematic Al doping of MgB$_2$. By using x-ray diffraction and Vegard's law to assess the actual Al content in the samples, changes in behavior were found to be much more in agreement with theoretical predictions than in earlier studies. EELS data show that $σ$-band hole states disappear above 33% Al, approximately the composition at which the $σ$ band Fermi surface is predicted to lose its cylindrical shape in reciprocal space and break apart into ellipsoidal pockets. At this composition, the $σ$ gap obtained from the heat capacity data falls to the level of the $π$ gap, implying that band filling results in the loss of strong superconductivity on the $σ$ band. However, superconductivity is not quenched completely, but persists with $T_c < 7$ K up to about 55% Al, the Al concentration at which the entire $σ$ band is predicted to fall below the Fermi surface. Since, in the region $0.33 \alt x \alt 0.55$, only the $π$ band has appreciable density of states, it becomes the stronger of the 2 bands, thus inverting the 2-band hierarchy of MgB$_2$.
Competition, Regulation and the Urban Poor: A Case Study of Water
Creators: name: Mitlin, Diana
name: Mitlin, Diana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The objective of this paper is to understand the impact of regulation and competition policy upon low-income households. A further objective is to consider how regulatory and competition policies might help to reduce the scale and level of poverty. In order to narrow down the study to a manageable size, it has been decided to focus on a single sector. The chosen sector is water. Water has been selected because it is a basic need in maintaining life and improving well-being in the short, medium and long term. The water supply sector has a number of particular features: competition and regulatory issues are currently being reconsidered in the context of growing private sector participation, changes in competition and regulatory frameworks have been relatively well documented, large-scale providers co-exist with small-scale water vendors offering a potentially competitive environment, and finally the literature on sustainable liveihoods is beginning to consider water-related issues. The general focus of the discussion is on water supply in urban areas. The paper is divided into a number of sections. Section II considers the significance of water for the poor. The analysis draws on the sustainable livelihood framework to understand the different ways in which the availability of water affects household well-being. Section III then identifies and summarises three "models" of water supply: large-scale formal networks, generally smaller-scale, sometimes informal, water providers and community-managed systems. Section IV to VI consider affordability, access and quality respectively. Section VII looks particularly at issues related to employment and income-generation related to the water sector. Regulatory and competition policy directly and indirectly influence the situation of low-income households. Four emerging research themes are identified: - Understanding the consequences of private sector involvement. Whilst much has been written about private sector involvement in the water sector, the focus has been at the level of the industry. There is little information about how the urban poor are responding to the new situation, how they are changing water suppliers (if at all), and if there are specific groups that have either been left out or who have subsequently been disconnected from the public network. - The informal/formal sector interface. How might formal sector suppliers work with the informal small-scale water vendors to improve consumer choice? In many cases, the role of small-scale water vendors has not been recognised. If the authorities seek to integrate services, how might they maximise the advantages for the urban poor? - How might access and affordability best be achieved for the poorest families? A number of subsidy regimes are proposed. Are there are any emerging conclusions?
Characteristic Scales During Reionization
Creators: name: Furlanetto, Steven R.
name: McQuinn, Matthew
name: Hernquist, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the key observables of the reionization era is the distribution of neutral and ionized gas. Recently, Furlanetto, Zaldarriaga, & Hernquist developed a simple analytic model to describe the growth of HII regions during this era. Here, we examine some of the fundamental simplifying assumptions behind this model and generalise it in several important ways. The model predicts that the ionized regions attain a well-defined characteristic size R_c that ranges from R_c~1 Mpc in the early phases to R_c>10 Mpc in the late phases. We show that R_c is determined primarily by the bias of the galaxies driving reionization; hence measurements of this scale constrain a fundamental property of the first galaxies. The variance around R_c, on the other hand, is determined primarily by the underlying matter power spectrum. We then show that increasing the ionizing efficiency of massive galaxies shifts R_c to significantly larger scales and decreases the importance of recombinations. These differences can be observed with forthcoming redshifted 21 cm surveys (increasing the brightness temperature fluctuations by up to a factor of two on large scales) and with measurements of small-scale anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background. Finally, we show that stochastic fluctuations in the galaxy population only broaden the bubble size distribution significantly if massive galaxies are responsible for most of the ionizing photons. We argue that the key results of this model are robust to many of our uncertainties about the reionization process.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, in press at MNRAS
Deciphering High-order Structural Correlations within Fluxional Molecules from Classical and Quantum Configurational Entropy
Creators: name: Topolnicki, Rafal
name: Brieuc, Fabien
name: Schran, Christoph
name: Marx, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ the k-th nearest-neighbor estimator of configurational entropy in order to decode within a parameter-free numerical approach the complex high-order structural correlations in fluxional molecules going beyond the usual linear, bivariate correlations. This generic entropy-based scheme for determining many-body correlations is applied to the complex configurational ensemble of protonated acetylene, a prototype for fluxional molecules featuring large-amplitude motion. After revealing the importance of high-order correlations beyond the simple two-coordinate picture for this molecule, we analyze in detail the evolution of the relevant correlations with temperature as well as the impact of nuclear quantum effects down to the ultra-low temperature regime of 1 K. We find that quantum delocalization and zero-point vibrations significantly reduce all correlations in protonated acetylene in the deep quantum regime. At intermediate temperatures of approximately 100 to 800 K, a quantum-to-classical cross-over regime is found where classical mechanics starts to correctly describe trends in the correlations whereas it even qualitatively fails below 100 K. Finally, a classical description of the nuclei provides correlations that are in quantitative agreement with the quantum ones only at temperatures exceeding 1000 K. This data-intensive analysis has been made possible due to recent developments of machine learning techniques based on neural network potentials in full dimensionality that allow us to exhaustively sample both, the classical and quantum ensemble of protonated acetylene at essentially converged coupled cluster accuracy. The presented non-parametric analysis of correlations is expected to complement and guide the analysis of experimental measurements, in particular multi-dimensional vibrational spectroscopy, by revealing the complex coupling between various degrees of freedom.