cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Role of SOX2 mutations in human hippocampal malformations and epilepsy
Creators: name: Sisodiya, Sanjay M.
name: Ragge, Nicola K.
name: Cavalleri, Gianpiero L.
name: Hever, Ann
name: Lorenz, Birgit
name: Schneider, Adele
name: Williamson, Kathleen A.
name: Stevens, John M.
name: Free, Samantha L.
name: Thompson, Pamela J.
name: van Heyningen, Veronica
name: Fitzpatrick, David R.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: PURPOSE: Seizures are noted in a significant proportion of cases of de novo, heterozygous, loss-of-function mutations in SOX2, ascertained because of severe bilateral eye malformations. We wished to determine the underlying cerebral phenotype in SOX2 mutation and to test the candidacy of SOX2 as a gene contributing to human epilepsies. METHODS: We examined high-resolution MRI scans in four patients with SOX2 mutations, two of whom had seizures. We determined the Sox2 expression pattern in developing murine brain. We searched for SOX2 mutation in 24 patients with typical hippocampal sclerosis and for common variations in SOX2 in 655 patients without eye disease but with epilepsy, including 91 patients with febrile seizures, 93 with hippocampal sclerosis, and 258 with temporal lobe epilepsy. RESULTS: Striking hippocampal and parahippocampal malformations were seen in all cases, with a history of febrile seizures or epilepsy in two of four cases. The Sox2 expression pattern in developing mouse brain supports the pattern of malformations observed. Mutation screening in patients with epilepsy did not reveal any abnormalities in SOX2. No associations were found between any clinical epilepsy phenotype and common variation in SOX2. CONCLUSIONS: SOX2 haploinsufficiency causes mesial temporal malformation in humans, making SOX2 dysfunction a candidate mechanism for mesial temporal abnormalities associated with chronic epilepsy. However, although mutation of SOX2 in humans causes hippocampal malformation, SOX2 mutation or variation is unlikely to contribute commonly to mesial temporal lobe epilepsy or its structural (hippocampal sclerosis) or historic (febrile seizures) associations in humans.
Modelling interference between vectors of non-persistently transmitted plant viruses to identify effective control strategies
Creators: name: Zaffaroni, Marta
name: Rimbaud, Loup
name: Mailleret, Ludovic
name: Cunniffe, Nik J.
name: Bevacqua, Daniele
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article
Biology and life sciences
Medicine and health sciences

description: Funder: Canceropôle PACA; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100006331
description: Funder: Avignon Université
description: Aphids are the primary vector of plant viruses. Transient aphids, which probe several plants per day, are considered to be the principal vectors of non-persistently transmitted (NPT) viruses. However, resident aphids, which can complete their life cycle on a single host and are affected by agronomic practices, can transmit NPT viruses as well. Moreover, they can interfere both directly and indirectly with transient aphids, eventually shaping plant disease dynamics. By means of an epidemiological model, originally accounting for ecological principles and agronomic practices, we explore the consequences of fertilization and irrigation, pesticide deployment and roguing of infected plants on the spread of viral diseases in crops. Our results indicate that the spread of NPT viruses can be i) both reduced or increased by fertilization and irrigation, depending on whether the interference is direct or indirect; ii) counter-intuitively increased by pesticide application and iii) reduced by roguing infected plants. We show that a better understanding of vectors’ interactions would enhance our understanding of disease transmission, supporting the development of disease management strategies.
Vaccination with SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern protects mice from challenge with wild-type virus
Creators: name: Amanat, Fatima
name: Strohmeier, Shirin
name: Meade, Philip S.
name: Dambrauskas, Nicholas
name: Mühlemann, Barbara
name: Smith, Derek J.
name: Vigdorovich, Vladimir
name: Sather, D. Noah
name: Coughlan, Lynda
name: Krammer, Florian
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article
Biology and life sciences
Medicine and health sciences
Research and analysis methods

description: Funder: jpb foundation; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100007457
description: Funder: open philanthropy project
description: Vaccines against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been highly efficient in protecting against Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the emergence of viral variants that are more transmissible and, in some cases, escape from neutralizing antibody responses has raised concerns. Here, we evaluated recombinant protein spike antigens derived from wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and from variants B.1.1.7, B.1.351, and P.1 for their immunogenicity and protective effect in vivo against challenge with wild-type SARS-CoV-2 in the mouse model. All proteins induced high neutralizing antibodies against the respective viruses but also induced high cross-neutralizing antibody responses. The decline in neutralizing titers between variants was moderate, with B.1.1.7-vaccinated animals having a maximum fold reduction of 4.8 against B.1.351 virus. P.1 induced the most cross-reactive antibody responses but was also the least immunogenic in terms of homologous neutralization titers. However, all antigens protected from challenge with wild-type SARS-CoV-2 in a mouse model.
Clinical Results of Intracoronary Brachytherapy (ICBT) for Multiple In-Stent Restenosis
Creators: name: Stadler, Peter
name: Schäfer, Christof
name: Chaber, Silvia
name: Putnik, Kurt
name: Treutwein, Marius
name: Koelbl, Oliver
name: Muders, Frank
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Percutaneous coronary intervention; PCI; Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; PTCA; Intracoronary brachytherapy; Coronary artery radiation therapy; In-stent restenosis
subject: 610 Medizin

description: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Treatment of in-stent restenosis (ISR) with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) alone is often followed by early re-restenosis. The present study focused on the effect of intracoronary brachytherapy (ICBT) on multiple in-stent restenosis (MISR) after repeated PCI. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 40 patients (27 male, 13 female, age: 66 +/- 9 years) with MISR (two to six ISRs, median three ISRs) were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were treated by using the Novoste((R)) Beta-Cathtrade mark 3.5F System after PCI. The target vessel received 18.4-25.3 Gy of radiation at a depth of 2 mm from the center of the source. The restenosis-free survival and overall survival were calculated by Kaplan-Meier analysis (log-rank). The time interval between last PCI without ICBT and the consecutive recurrence was compared with the follow-up time after PCI with ICBT. RESULTS: The 3-year overall survival rate after ICBT was 93%. The 0.5-, 1-, 2-, and 3-year ISR-free survival rates after PCI + ICBT were 81%, 72%, 52%, and 38%, respectively. After PCI alone, the 0.5-, 1-, and 2-year ISR-free survival rates were 30%, 13%, and 0%, respectively. This difference was highly significant (p < 0.0001). Patients with more than three ISRs before ICBT had a better outcome (3-year ISR-free survival: 80%) than patients with only two or three ISRs before ICBT (3-year ISR-free survival: 25%; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: ICBT is highly effective and safe in patients with ISR. The results of this study are in accordance with the WRIST and BETA-WRIST data. After 6 months both studies revealed an ISR-free survival rate of 86% (WRIST) and 66% (BETA-WRIST), respectively. The ISR rates in the own control group (70%) were comparable to the placebo groups in WRIST (68%) and BETA-WRIST (72%). Interestingly, patients with more than three ISRs before ICBT had the lowest ISR rate after ICBT.
Effect of magnetic pair breaking on Andreev bound states and resonant supercurrent in quantum dot Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Tkachov, Grygoriy
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 74.50.+r
subject: 73.63.-b

description: We propose a model for resonant Josephson tunneling through quantum dots that accounts for Cooper pair-breaking processes in the superconducting leads caused by a magnetic field or spin-flip scattering. The pair-breaking effect on the critical supercurrent I_c and the Josephson current-phase relation I(φ) is largely due to the modification of the spectrum of Andreev bound states below the reduced (Abrikosov-Gorkov) quasiparticle gap. For a quantum dot formed in a quasi-one-dimensional channel, both I_c and I(φ) can show a significant magnetic-field dependence induced by pair breaking despite the suppression of the orbital magnetic-field effect in the channel. This case is relevant to recent experiments on quantum dot Josephson junctions in carbon nanotubes. Pair-breaking processes are taken into account via the relation between the Andreev scattering matrix and the quasiclassical Green functions of the superconductors in the Usadel limit.
MPEC 2024-C68 : 2024 CZ
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 CZ

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Empirical Mantissa Distributions of Pulsars
Creators: name: Shao, Lijing
name: Ma, Bo-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The occurrence of digits one through nine as the leftmost nonzero digit of numbers from real world sources is often not uniformly distributed, but instead, is distributed according to a logarithmic law, known as Benford's law. Here, we investigate systematically the mantissa distributions of some pulsar quantities, and find that for most quantities their first digits conform to this law. However, the barycentric period shows significant deviation from the usual distribution, but satisfies a generalized Benford's law roughly. Therefore pulsars can serve as an ideal assemblage to study the first digit distributions of real world data, and the observations can be used to constrain theoretical models of pulsar behavior.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, final version in journal publication
Wigner crystal in snaked nanochannels
Creators: name: Zhirov, O. V.
name: Shepelyansky, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study properties of Wigner crystal in snaked nanochannels and show that they are characterized by conducting sliding phase at low charge densities and insulating pinned phase emerging above a certain critical charge density. The transition between these phases has a devil's staircase structure typical for the Aubry transition in dynamical maps and the Frenkel-Kontorova model. We discuss implications of this phenomenon for charge density waves in quasi-one-dimensional organic conductors and for supercapacitors in nanopore materials.
description: 4 pages, 6 figs, research at http://www.quantware.ups-tlse.fr
Addressing off-farm impediments to global food security
Creators: name: Anderson, Kym
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2024
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural Finance
Food Security and Poverty
International Relations/Trade

description: The riskiness of agricultural production has been increasing this century, but so too have global market and policy uncertainties faced by farmers, agribusinesses and agrifood traders. In addition to short-term geopolitical contributors to which producers in the agrifood system have to become more resilient, there are long-term concerns with climate change (CC) and biodiversity loss and the responses of various governments and international agencies to those concerns. Farmers are among the worst-affected producers but are also significant contributors to greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity losses. Adapting to global warming and more-extreme weather events, and to new policies aimed at mitigating CC, is challenging many farmers, while some other farmers will see new opportunities such as being paid to contribute to CC mitigation. Better outcomes, in terms of reductions in global food insecurity, malnutrition, CC, biodiversity loss and extreme poverty, require policy reforms in at least three areas: (i) less government intervention in national markets for agrifood products and purchased farm inputs, to ensure better use of the world’s agricultural resources, (ii) more-widespread taxing of greenhouse gas emissions, and (iii) better markets for and policies affecting the services of natural capital so as to generate more (and more-appropriate) public investments in agricultural research and rural infrastructure in developing countries, and more public-private collaboration to up-scale innovations pertinent to the needs of farmers and agribusinesses there.
Comment on separation of variables in the Fokker--Planck equations
Creators: name: Suslov, I. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well-known, that for separation of variables in the eigenvalue problem, the corresponding operator should be represented as a sum of operators depending on single variables. In the case of the Fokker--Planck equations, the separation of variables is possible under essentially weaker conditions.
description: Latex, 2 pages
Essays on Macroeconomics and Financial stability
Creators: name: Skouralis, Alexandros
Publisher: name: Lancaster University, Department of Economics
Year: 2021

description: This thesis is composed by three chapters. The first chapter examines how cross-country spillovers in the Euro Area affect the risk-taking channel of monetary policy. Our empirical evidence suggests that the impact of monetary surprises on systemic risk changes after the period of the Zero Lower Bound, and that a significant fraction of the response can be attributed to the high degree of financial contagion in the Euro Area. Chapter two focuses on the systemic risk in the real estate sector and its determinants. We find that sustainable house prices positively contribute to the stability of the financial sector; whilst house price exuberance and rapid increases in housing unaffordability amplify systemic risk. In the third chapter, we explore the non-linearities in the impact of a housing demand shock on the macro-financial environment. In periods of housing stress, an unexpected drop in house prices leads to a decline in consumption and financial instability while on the contrary, the impact is weaker under normal times.
An off-axis, wide-field, diffraction-limited, reflective Schmidt Telescope
Creators: name: Saunders, Will
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Off-axis telescopes with unobstructed pupils offer great advantages in terms of emissivity, throughput, and diffractionlimited energy concentration. For most telescope designs, implementation of an off-axis configuration imposes enormous penalties in terms of cost, optical difficulty and performance, and for this reason off-axis telescopes are rarely constructed. However, for the reflective Schmidt design, implementation of an off-axis configuration is very straightforward, and involves only a modest optical penalty. Moreover, the reflective Schmidt gets particular benefits, avoiding the obstruction of its large focal plane and support column, and gaining a highly accessible, gravity-invariant prime focus, capable of accommodating very large instrumentation. We present an off-axis f/8 reflective Schmidt design for the proposed 'KDUST' Chinese infrared telescope at Dome A on the Antarctic plateau, which offers simultaneous diffraction-limited NIR imaging over 1 degree, and close to diffraction-limited imaging out to 2 degrees for fibre-fed NIR spectroscopy.
description: 7 pages, Proc. SPIE 7733-118
A Short Tale of Long Tail Integration
Creators: name: Luo, Xiaolin
name: Shevchenko, Pavel V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Integration of the form $\int_a^\infty {f(x)w(x)dx} $, where $w(x)$ is either $\sin (ω{\kern 1pt} x)$ or $\cos (ω{\kern 1pt} x)$, is widely encountered in many engineering and scientific applications, such as those involving Fourier or Laplace transforms. Often such integrals are approximated by a numerical integration over a finite domain $(a,\,b)$, leaving a truncation error equal to the tail integration $\int_b^\infty {f(x)w(x)dx} $ in addition to the discretization error. This paper describes a very simple, perhaps the simplest, end-point correction to approximate the tail integration, which significantly reduces the truncation error and thus increases the overall accuracy of the numerical integration, with virtually no extra computational effort. Higher order correction terms and error estimates for the end-point correction formula are also derived. The effectiveness of this one-point correction formula is demonstrated through several examples.
Towards classification of SO(10) heterotic string vacua
Creators: name: Rizos, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report some recent progress towards classification of phenomenologically appealing heterotic string models in the Free Fermionic Formulation. We focus on a class of Z2xZ2 models with SO(10) space-time gauge symmetry and study their main phenomenological aspects. We further consider reducing the gauge symmetry to the Pati-Salam gauge group SU(4)XSU(2)_LxSU(2)_R and impose a series of phenomenological constraints including the existence of gauge symmetry breaking Higgs particles and the elimination of exotic fractionally charged states.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, To appear in the proceedings of 10th Hellenic School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity (CORFU2010), Corfu, Greece, 29 Aug - 19 Sep 2010
Lack of connexin 40 causes displacement of renin-producing cells from afferent arterioles to the extraglomerular mesangium
Creators: name: Kurtz, Lisa
name: Schweda, Frank
name: de Wit, Cor
name: Kriz, Wilhelm
name: Witzgall, Ralph
name: Warth, Richard
name: Sauter, Alexander
name: Kurtz, Armin
name: Wagner, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)
subject: 610 Medizin

description: In the adult kidney, renin-producing cells are typically located in the walls of afferent arterioles at the transition into the glomerular capillary network. The mechanisms that are responsible for restricting renin expression to the juxtaglomerular position are largely unknown. This study showed that in mice that lack connexin 40 (Cx40), the predominant connexin of renin-producing cells, renin-positive cells are absent in the vessel walls and instead are found in cells of the extraglomerular mesangium, glomerular tuft, and periglomerular interstitium. Blocking macula densa transport function by acute administration of loop diuretics strongly enhances renin secretion in vivo and in isolated perfused kidneys of wild-type mice. This effect of loop diuretics is markedly attenuated in vivo and even blunted in vitro in Cx40-deficient mice. Even after prolonged stimulation of renin secretion by severe sodium depletion, renin expression is not seen in juxtaglomerular cells or in cells of more proximal parts of the arterial vessel wall as occurs normally. Instead, renin remains restricted to the extra-/periglomerular interstitium in Cx40-deficient mice. In contrast to the striking displacement of renin-expressing cells in the adult kidney, renin expression in the vessels of the developing kidney was found to be normal. This is the first evidence to indicate that cell-to-cell communication via gap junctions is essential for the correct juxtaglomerular positioning and recruitment of renin-producing cells. Moreover, these findings support the notion that gap junctions are relevant for the macula densa signaling to renin-producing cells.
Tumour evolution at single-cell resolution
Creators: name: Steif, Adi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: Tumours are heterogeneous populations of cells that evolve dynamically in response to selective pressures. Bulk genome sequencing has been used successfully to characterize constituent populations in tumours. However, it is difficult to detect very low prevalence mutations in bulk genomes, and even more challenging to determine which variants co-occur in the same cells. These challenges can be overcome by sequencing the genomes of individual cells, but single-cell genome sequencing methods present their own obstacles. Sample contamination, biases introduced through amplification, and high cost have thus far precluded large-scale studies of single-cell genomes. We present, in three chapters, computational and experimental approaches to the study of tumour evolution at single-cell resolution. The first chapter examines clonal dynamics in breast cancer patient-derived xenograft models. Using a Bayesian probabilistic method, we infer the dynamics of sub-clonal populations, and validate our predictions with targeted single-cell measurements. In the second chapter, we present a new method for preparing single-cell libraries for whole-genome sequencing. Using a direct tagmentation and indexing strategy without whole-genome preamplification, we enable cost-effective generation of low-depth single-cell libraries with uniform coverage. We show that by merging single-cell genomes in silico, we can produce clonal and pseudo-bulk genomes with uniformity equivalent to standard bulk genomes. As such, in a single experiment, our direct library preparation (DLP) approach permits detailed characterization of copy number heterogeneity at the single-cell level, and inference of single-nucleotide variants at the clone or population level. The final chapter presents a new probabilistic model for improving inference of copy number variants from low-depth single-cell genomes. Using a mixture of hidden Markov models, we assign each cell to a ploidy sub-population, and borrow strength across cells to jointly estimate the model parameters. This research paves the way for large-scale studies of genomic heterogeneity at single-cell resolution, and presents new avenues of investigation into the reproducibility and predictability of tumour evolution in response to selective pressures.
Five-Year Follow-up After Late Conversion From Calcineurin Inhibitors to Sirolimus in Patients With Chronic Renal Allograft Dysfunction
Creators: name: Krüger, Bernd
name: Fischereder, Michael
name: Jauch, Karl W.
name: Graeb, Christian
name: Hoffmann, Ute
name: Böger, Carsten A.
name: Banas, Bernhard
name: Obed, Aiman
name: Schlitt, Hans-Jürgen
name: Krämer, Bernhard K.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: BACKGROUND: Chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) is, among others, caused by nephrotoxic side effects of calcineurin inhibitors (CNI), which are to date still the mainstay of immunosuppressive therapy. Sirolimus (SIR), an immunosuppressive compound without effects on glomerular perfusion, has been used in CNI-sparing immunosuppressive protocols. We report the 5-year follow-up of a prospective, controlled conversion study from CNI to SIR in patients with moderately to severely impaired renal function. METHODS: Twelve renal transplant recipients with moderately to severely impaired renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate of 17 to 35 mL/min according to the MDRD formula), enrolled in a prospective, controlled 1-year pilot study were followed for 5 years. RESULTS: Three renal grafts (25%) were lost during the 5-year follow-up. Graft loss was due to noncompliance in one patient and to CAN in the other two patients. These two patients returned to dialysis 43 and 59 months after conversion, corresponding to 86 and 75 months after transplantation, respectively. Six of nine patients had a stable or even better renal function compared to the baseline. The lipid profile increased initially, but then remained stable over time. CONCLUSION: Conversion of immunosuppressive therapy from CNI to SIR in patients with impaired renal function more than 1 year after transplantation is feasible and safe yielding improved renal function in the majority of patients, which was sustained at 5 years follow-up.
title: All in the family
title: A psychocultural examination of Pakistan-India conflict dynamics
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Kadir, Jawad
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2022

description: The postcolonial nations of India and Pakistan appear to have been psychologically obsessed with maintaining hostile relations after parting their ways in 1947. They have been trapped in a psychosis of competition just like estranged family branches. However, despite common use of the terms such as “kin-states” or “brother-enemies” (See Akbar, 2006; Ajithkumar, 2006; Haqqani, 2016; Raghavan, 2018; Ganguly, 1998), there are very few scholarly endeavours that have explained the familial character of India-Pakistan rivalry from a proper theoretical focus. To fill this research gap, I have used the combination of two theoretical frameworks i.e.,“psychocultural approach” (Jain, 1994; Northrup, 1989; Ross, 1993, 1995; Stoddart & Hession, 1951; Leites, 1948) and “conceptual-mapping” (Lakoff, 1996; Lakoff & Johnson, 1980) to derive an indigenous conceptual framework for explaining both states’ endless competitive urge to outpace each other. To this end, I have collected primary data to describe the attributes of the indigenous ‘culture of conflict’ in Punjab-Pakistan (which can be termed as Sharike-Bazi Culture of Conflict) and used them as an ‘analogy’ to explain India-Pakistan relations in its conflict dynamics. Using the conceptual framework so developed, this study arrives at a conflict theory to explain the rationale behind such an emotion-laden rivalry between two nations. The key argument advanced here is that peoples’ locally grounded conflict behaviour in Pakistan (and India) is shaped through forms of their earliest socialization within the most pervasive kinshipinstitutions, regardless of religious, ethnic, or sectarian affiliations. The kinship institutions are also responsible for shaping certain views regarding the functioning of other institutions in society; including in the political sphere (See Lakoff, 1996; Lyon, 2004; Lieven, 2012; S.Kakar & Kakar, 2009). The conflict dynamics associated with the segmentation processes of the kinship institution are extrapolated onto interstate rivalries by providing people on both sides with cultural moralities to pursue this zero-sum conflict. Given the significant impact of the institution of family on the lives of the Subcontinental people, I propose that instead of situating India-Pakistan conflict in a simplistic, antagonistic religious, ethnic, or communal framework, it can be more explanatory to categorize both nations as warring family branches to understand the intensity of their conflicts in familial terms.
Lagrangian perturbation theory for a superfluid immersed in an elastic neutron star crust
Creators: name: Andersson, N.
name: Haskell, B.
name: Samuelsson, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inner crust of mature neutron stars, where an elastic lattice of neutron-rich nuclei coexists with a neutron superfluid, impacts on a range of astrophysical phenomena. The presence of the superfluid is key to our understanding of pulsar glitches, and is expected to affect the thermal conductivity and hence the evolution of the surface temperature. The coupling between crust and superfluid must also be accounted for in studies of neutron star dynamics, discussions of global oscillations and associated instabilities. In this paper we develop Lagrangian perturbation theory for this problem, paying attention to key issues like superfluid entrainment, potential vortex pinning, dissipative mutual friction and the star's magnetic field. We also discuss the nature of the core-crust interface. The results provide a theoretical foundation for a range of interesting astrophysical applications.
description: 13 pages, no figures, to appear in MNRAS
Size-dependent spin-reorientation transition in Nd2Fe14B nanoparticles
Creators: name: Rong, Chuanbing
name: Poudyal, Narayan
name: Liu, J. Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nd2Fe14B magnetic nanoparticles have been successfully produced using a surfactant-assisted ball milling technique. The nanoparticles with different size about 6, 20 and 300 nm were obtained by a size-selection process. Spin-reorientation transition temperature of the NdFeB nanoparticles was then determined by measuring the temperature dependence of DC and AC magnetic susceptibility. It was found that the spin-reorientation transition temperature (Tsr) of the nanoparticles is strongly size dependent, i.e., Tsr of the 300 nm particles is lower than that of raw materials and a significant decrease was observed in the 20 nm particles.
Resilient-Economic Coordinated Robust Operation of Integrated Electric-Gas Systems
Creators: name: Sayed, Ahmed Rabee
name: Wang, Cheng
name: Bi, Tianshu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Interactions between power and gas systems, which are both large and complex, have been gradually intensified during the last decades, predominantly due to the propagation of large fleet natural gas-fired power units (GPUs) and the technological developments of power-to-gas (P2G) facilities. These interactions not only bring significant economic benefits to society but also provide additional operating flexibilities, which are essential to handle fluctuations of the large-scale renewable power generation (RPG) and power system contingencies. Moreover, neglecting these interactions in power system operation may not only result in infeasible operation status in the gas systems but also increase the decision-making operation costs of both systems. previous studies suffered from two significant drawbacks, namely (1) they assumed the existence of only one utility that has full control authority over the power system and gas system; (2) the economic interactions between power systems and gas systems have been neglected, which goes against the current industrial practice. This research revisits the day-ahead resilient and economic operations of power systems considering the economic and physical interactions with gas systems, which are characterized by the modeling of bilateral energy purchase contracts and operational constraints of gas systems. This thesis provides a novel perspective and solution for the resilient and economically coordinated robust operation of integrated electric-gas systems (IEGSs) under uncertainties. The proposed robust scheduling decision frameworks are practically compatible with the existing industrial operations of the IEGSs.
description: This document is a Ph.D. Thesis has been prepared for graduation in June 2020 from the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, China. It includes 7 chapters, 255 pages, 49 figures, and 131 tables. The included work has been been published in different archive journals and international conferences
A note on the discovery of a 2M_\odot pulsar
Creators: name: Lai, X. Y.
name: Xu, R. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is conventionally thought that the state equation of dense matter softens and thus cannot result in high maximum mass if pulsars are quark stars, and that a recently discovered $2M_\odot$ pulsar (PSR J1614-2230) may make quark stars to be unlikely. However, this standard point of view would be revisited and updated if quark clustering could occur in cold quark matter because of the strong coupling between quarks at realistic baryon densities of compact stars, and it is addressed that the state equation of clustering quark matter stiffs to support compact stars with maximum mass $M_{\rm max}>2M_\odot$. In this brief note, it is demonstrated that large parameter spaces are allowed for $M_{\rm max}>2M_\odot$ in a Lennard-Jones model of clustered quark matter, and the newly measured highest mass of PSR J1614-2230 would be meaningful to constrain the number of quarks inside single quark-cluster, to be $N_q
description: Minor chances have been made, submitted
Causal Inference for Complex Longitudinal Data: The Continuous Time g-Computation Formula
Creators: name: Gill, R. D.
name: Robins, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62P10, 62M99

description: We extend Robins' theory of causal inference for complex longitudinal data to the case of continuously varying as opposed to discrete covariates and treatments. In particular we establish versions of the key results of the discrete theory: the g-computation formula and a collection of powerful characterizations of the g-null hypothesis of no treatment effect. This is accomplished under natural continuity hypotheses concerning the conditional distributions of the outcome variable and of the covariates given the past. We also show that our assumptions concerning counterfactual variables place no restriction on the joint distribution of the observed variables: thus in a precise sense, these assumptions are "for free," or if you prefer, harmless.
description: Final version
3-D reconstruction of anterior mantle-field techniques in Hodgkin's disease survivors: doses to cardiac structures
Creators: name: Vordermark, Dirk
name: Seufert, Ines
name: Schwab, Franz
name: Kölbl, Oliver
name: Kung, Margret
name: Angermann, Christiane
name: Flentje, Michael
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: BACKGROUND: The long-term dose-effect relationship for specific cardiac structures in mediastinal radiotherapy has rarely been investigated. As part of an interdisciplinary project, the 3-D dose distribution within the heart was reconstructed in all long-term Hodgkin's disease survivors (n = 55) treated with mediastinal radiotherapy between 1978 and 1985. For dose reconstruction, original techniques were transferred to the CT data sets of appropriate test patients, in whom left (LV) and right ventricle (RV), left (LA) and right atrium (RA) as well as right (RCA), left anterior descending (LAD) and left circumflex (LCX) coronary arteries were contoured. Dose-volume histograms (DVHs) were generated for these heart structures and results compared between techniques. RESULTS: Predominant technique was an anterior mantle field (cobalt-60). 26 patients (47%) were treated with anterior mantle field alone (MF), 18 (33%) with anterior mantle field and monoaxial, bisegmental rotation boost (MF+ROT), 7 (13%) with anterior mantle field and dorsal boost (MF+DORS) and 4 (7%) with other techniques. Mean +/- SD total mediastinal doses for MF+ROT (41.7 +/- 3.5 Gy) and for MF+DORS (42.7 +/- 7.4) were significantly higher than for MF (36.7 +/- 5.2 Gy). DVH analysis documented relative overdosage to right heart structures with MF (median maximal dose to RV 129%, to RCA 127%) which was significantly reduced to 117% and 112%, respectively, in MF+ROT. Absolute doses in right heart structures, however, did not differ between techniques. Absolute LA doses were significantly higher in MF+ROT patients than in MF patients where large parts of LA were blocked. Median maximal doses for all techniques ranged between 48 and 52 Gy (RV), 44 and 46 Gy (LV), 47 and 49 Gy (RA), 38 and 45 Gy (LA), 46 and 50 Gy (RCA), 39 and 44 Gy (LAD) and 34 and 42 Gy (LCX). CONCLUSION: In patients irradiated with anterior mantle-field techniques, high doses to anterior heart portions were partly compensated by boost treatment from non-anterior angles. As the threshold doses for coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathy, pericarditis and valvular changes are assumed to be 30 to 40 Gy, cardiac toxicity must be anticipated in these patients. Thus, dose distributions in individual subjects should be correlated to the corresponding cardiovascular findings in these long-term survivors, e. g. by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging.
Васильків XVII-XVIII ст за даними археологічних досліджень
Creators: name: Орлов, Руслан
name: О. В., Стародуб
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 430101
subject: Archaeological science

description: Орлов Р., Стародуб О. Васильків XVII-XVIII ст за даними археологічних досліджень — Нові дослідження пам’яток козацької доби в Україні. Випуск 7. К., 1998. - с.124-127.
An empirical calibration of Lick indices using Milky Way Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Pipino, A.
name: Danziger, I. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To provide an empirical calibration relation in order to convert Lick indices into abundances for the integrated light of old, simple stellar populations for a large range in the observed [Fe/H] and [alpha/Fe]. This calibration supersedes the previously adopted ones because it is be based on the real abundance pattern of the stars instead of the commonly adopted metallicity scale derived from the colours. We carried out a long-slit spectroscopic study of 23 Galactic globular cluster for which detailed chemical abundances in stars have been recently measured. The line-strength indices, as coded by the Lick system and by Serven et al. (2005), were measured in low-resolution integrated spectra of the GC light. The results were compared to average abundances and abundance ratios in stars taken from the compilation by Pritzl et al. (2005) as well as to synthetic models. Fe-related indices grow linearly as a function of [Fe/H] for [Fe/H]>-2. Mg-related indices respond in a similar way to [Mg/H] variations, however Mgb turns out to be a less reliable metallicity indicator for [Z/H]
description: 16 pages, 15 figures, to appear on A&A
Adverse effect of a distended rectum in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) treatment planning of prostate cancer
Creators: name: Guckenberger, Matthias
name: Pohl, Fabian
name: Baier, Kurt
name: Meyer, Juergen
name: Vordermark, Dirk
name: Flentje, Michael
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Prostate cancer; Rectal distension; Toxicity; Planning study; Anal canal
subject: 610 Medizin

description: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The retrospective planning study for intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) of prostate cancer evaluated whether proximal rectum and supra-anal rectum/anal canal should be delineated as separated organs-at-risk (OARs) to achieve optimal dose distributions to the anorectal region. PATIENTS AND METHODS: For 10 patients with localized prostate cancer IMRT plans were generated with the rectum and anal canal as separated OARs (Rec-sep) and as one single OAR (Rec-tot). Two different treatment planning systems (TPS) were utilized. Influence on dose distributions to target and OARs was analyzed. RESULTS: Results from both TPS showed significantly increased doses to the distal rectum/anal canal for plans Rec-tot compared with Rec-sep in case of a distended rectum in the planning CT study: doses were increased by up to mean 31% (P = 0.02) and 18% (P = 0.03), respectively, in both TPS. For the patient with the largest rectum, the maximum dose increase was 61%. No significant differences in doses to target, bladder, femoral head and proximal rectum were seen. CONCLUSIONS: For patients with a distended rectum in the planning CT, delineation of separated OARs for proximal rectum and distal rectum/anal canal resulted in superior dose distributions to the anorectal region and therefore, we recommend this as standard procedure for IMRT planning of prostate cancer.
Results from the ANTARES neutrino telescope
Creators: name: Giacomelli, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ANTARES underwater neutrino telescope is located in the Mediterranean Sea about 40 km from Toulon at a depth of 2475 m. In its 12 line configuration it has almost 900 photomultipliers in 275 "floors". The performance of the detector is discussed and several results are presented, including the measurements of downgoing muons, search for a diffuse flux of high energy muon neutrinos, search for cosmic point sources of neutrinos, search for fast magnetic monopoles, etc. A short discussion is also made on Earth and Sea Science studies with a neutrino telescope.
description: Presented to the WASET International Conference, Venice April 27, 2011
Conciliation of Bayes and Pointwise Quantum State Estimation: Asymptotic information bounds in quantum statistics
Creators: name: Gill, Richard D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 62F12, 62P35

description: We derive an asymptotic lower bound on the Bayes risk when N identical quantum systems whose state depends on a vector of unknown parameters are jointly measured in an arbitrary way and the parameters of interest estimated on the basis of the resulting data. The bound is an integrated version of a quantum Cramér-Rao bound due to Holevo (1982), and it thereby links the fixed N exact Bayesian optimality usually pursued in the physics literature with the pointwise asymptotic optimality favoured in classical mathematical statistics. By heuristic arguments the bound can be expected to be sharp. This does turn out to be the case in various important examples, where it can be used to prove asymptotic optimality of interesting and useful measurement-and-estimation schemes. On the way we obtain a new family of "dual Holevo bounds" of independent interest.
description: Entitled "Asymptotic information bounds in quantum statistics", accepted for publication subject to expansion by inclusion of introductory material by Annals of Statistics, 2003. I missed dead-line (Lucia de B. case). This version appeared in conference proceedings given below. Finally revised and extended, co-author Madalin Guta, arXiv:1112.2078, published 2013 in another conference proceedings
title: 'Don't Be Afraid of Our Citizens'
title: Internally Displaced People Encounter Bordering and Othering in Ukraine
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Kuzemska, Lidia
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Internally Displaced Persons
Ukraine
CITIZENSHIP
Borders
Forced Displacement
Forced migration
home and belonging
INTEGRATION
War & Conflict Studies
Donbas
deservingness
acts of citizenship
political agency
DISCRIMINATION
border as method

description: The Eastern Ukrainian region of Donbas has been the epicentre of a political and military conflict between Ukrainian armed forces and Russian-backed separatists since spring 2014. This confrontation has resulted in the biggest current forced displacement in Europe – 1.7mln people. The proclamation of two unrecognized states – Donetsk and Luhansk ‘People’s Republics’ – has de facto changed the borders of Ukraine; including not only the physical, but also the symbolic borders of what makes a Ukrainian citizen. The imaginaries of Ukrainianness have transformed for Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) from Donbas. Coming from a historically and now politically ambiguous region, IDPs have to navigate between constituting themselves as rightful, deserving, and loyal citizens of Ukraine, while also balancing their Donbas origins, currently contested as not Ukrainian enough (or not Ukrainian at all) among fellow citizens. I argue that everyday borderwork, specifically the counter-bordering and counter-othering practices of IDPs, makes them Ukrainian citizens. I use ‘border as a method’ (Mezzadra & Neilson, 2013a), with a double gaze on the borders of Ukrainianness as both an object and a lens. Thus, on the one hand, I examine how IDPs challenge the predominant narrow understandings of what constitutes a ‘good’ Ukrainian citizen and contribute to its broadening through what I define as counter-bordering and counter-othering practices. These are ‘acts of citizenship’ (Isin & Nielsen, 2008) grouped under three main ‘sites of struggle’ for citizenship covered in respective chapters: belonging (Home), deservingness (Help), and loyalty as safety (Hazard). On the other hand, I look at the borders of Ukrainianness as a lens to see the wider context of contemporary challenges and limits surrounding citizenship interpretations, which the Ukrainian example sheds light on. My thesis is based on multi-method ethnography and secondary data collected during October 2015-March 2016 in an IDP hub uniting four IDP-led/oriented NGOs in the capital city of Kyiv, and on subsequent follow-up on the situation via established social networks and the monitoring of official reporting on IDPs in Ukraine.
On the (ab)use of statistics in the legal case against the nurse Lucia de B
Creators: name: Meester, Ronald
name: Collins, Marieke
name: Gill, Richard
name: van Lambalgen, Michiel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62P25, 62A01

description: We discuss the statistics involved in the legal case of the nurse Lucia de B. in The Netherlands, 2003-2004. Lucia de B. witnessed an unusually high number of incidents during her shifts, and the question arose as to whether this could be attributed to chance. We discuss and criticise the statistical analysis of Henk Elffers, a statistician who was asked by the prosecutor to write a statistical report on the issue. We discuss several other possibilities for statistical analysis. Our main point is that several statistical models exist, leading to very different predictions, or perhaps different answers to different questions. There is no such thing as a `best' statistical analysis.