cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Density-functional theory of two-component Bose gases in one-dimensional harmonic traps
Creators: name: Hao, Yajiang
name: Chen, Shu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ground-state properties of two-component Bose gases confined in one-dimensional harmonic traps in the scheme of density-functional theory. The density-functional calculations employ a Bethe-ansatz-based local-density approximation for the correlation energy, which accounts for the correlation effect properly in the full physical regime. For the binary Bose mixture with spin-independent interaction, the homogeneous reference system is exactly solvable by the Bethe-ansatz method. Within the local-density approximation, we determine the density distribution of each component and study its evolution from Bose distributions to Fermi-like distribution with the increase in interaction. For the binary mixture of Tonks-Girardeau gases with a tunable inter-species repulsion, with a generalized Bose-Fermi transformation we show that the Bose mixture can be mapped into a two-component Fermi gas, which corresponds to exact soluble Yang-Gaudin model for the homogeneous system. Based on the ground-state energy function of the Yang-Gaudin model, the ground-state density distributions are calculated for various inter-species interactions. It is shown that with the increase in inter-species interaction, the system exhibits composite-fermionization crossover.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Entwicklungslinien der estnischen Industrie
Creators: name: Raudjärv, Matti
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2013
Subjects: different periods in industrial development; concentration to the capital city; to larger cities and their immediate vicinity; geographical and local conditions; regional imbalance in the disposition of industry

description: The problems related to industry are topical because there is no real industrial policy in Estonia today. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the stages of development of Estonian industry in different periods (…–1858, ……, 2010–…). Estonian industry has been predominantly concentrated to Tallinn and its immediate vicinity and to other cities and towns of North Estonia, to a lesser extent also to other larger Estonian cities and county centres and their immediate vicinity. Disposition of industry in Estonia has been predominantly related to appropriate geographical conditions and existence of local natural resources and raw materials, traditions and experience but has also depended on decisions on economic policy in different periods, both on the national and local government levels. After regaining of independence there have been no particular fundamental positive changes in regional industrial development in Estonia, we can rather even talk about regression instead for some places. These are, however, necessary in order to ensure jobs to people in all inhabited regions, above all in rural areas. It would also contribute to a balanced regional development in Estonia.
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 20, No 2 (2012)
A CONSTRUÇÃO DE INTERVENÇÕES EDUCADORAS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA: EXPERIÊNCIAS E APRENDIZADOS COM AS OFICINAS DE MOBILIZAÇÃO POPULAR DO RAÍZES DE TUPI
Creators: name: Fernandes, Bruno
name: Oliveira, Nadia Rosário de
name: Moraes, Nara Perobelli de
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: The university has a fundamental role for society as a whole, although university extension activities are still neglected and undervalued in academia, this makes the challenge of students to get involved in communities even greater, but this must be faced. This work makes a critical analysis of the performance process of the extension collective “Raízes de Tupi”, belonging to the Laboratory of Education and Environmental Policy (ESALQ-USP), with the community of the Tupi district in Piracicaba/SP. The main objective of the activities is to contribute to the consolidation of the community organization of the territory through dialogues on the territorialization of agroecology. In this process of meeting between university and community in the period of social isolation, workshops were held on community engagement and advocacy, which resulted in the possibility of dialogue between various institutions and collectives operating in the district, jointly defining the theme of rural mobility as a priority demand to be worked into an advocacy plan. The results obtained in the workshops show that the meetings strengthened the power of action and community autonomy, considering that the dialogues and participatory planning do not end with the end of the workshops. In general, the work of the Raízes de Tupi group has been seen as a driving force in the community, so that it, by itself, can trace its paths, occupy its spaces, conquer its rights and change its reality with a view to an agroecological territory.
Model-Based Performance Analysis of the HyTeG Finite Element Framework
Creators: name: Thönnes, Dominik
name: Rüde, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we present how code generation techniques significantly improve the performance of the computational kernels in the HyTeG software framework. This HPC framework combines the performance and memory advantages of matrix-free multigrid solvers with the flexibility of unstructured meshes. The pystencils code generation toolbox is used to replace the original abstract C++ kernels with highly optimized loop nests. The performance of one of those kernels (the matrix-vector multiplication) is thoroughly analyzed using the Execution-Cache-Memory (ECM) performance model. We validate these predictions by measurements on the SuperMUC-NG supercomputer. The experiments show that the performance mostly matches the predictions. In cases where the prediction does not match, we discuss the discrepancies. Additionally, we conduct a node-level scaling study which shows the expected behavior for a memory-bound compute kernel.
Dark Matter Search Results from 1.54 Tonne$\cdot$Year Exposure of PandaX-4T
Creators: name: PandaX Collaboration
name: Bo, Zihao
name: Chen, Wei
name: Chen, Xun
name: Chen, Yunhua
name: Cheng, Zhaokan
name: Cui, Xiangyi
name: Fan, Yingjie
name: Fang, Deqing
name: Gao, Zhixing
name: Geng, Lisheng
name: Giboni, Karl
name: Guo, Xunan
name: Guo, Xuyuan
name: Guo, Zichao
name: Han, Chencheng
name: Han, Ke
name: He, Changda
name: He, Jinrong
name: Huang, Di
name: Huang, Houqi
name: Huang, Junting
name: Hou, Ruquan
name: Hou, Yu
name: Ji, Xiangdong
name: Ji, Xiangpan
name: Ju, Yonglin
name: Li, Chenxiang
name: Li, Jiafu
name: Li, Mingchuan
name: Li, Shuaijie
name: Li, Tao
name: Li, Zhiyuan
name: Lin, Qing
name: Liu, Jianglai
name: Lu, Congcong
name: Lu, Xiaoying
name: Luo, Lingyin
name: Luo, Yunyang
name: Ma, Wenbo
name: Ma, Yugang
name: Mao, Yajun
name: Meng, Yue
name: Ning, Xuyang
name: Pang, Binyu
name: Qi, Ningchun
name: Qian, Zhicheng
name: Ren, Xiangxiang
name: Shan, Dong
name: Shang, Xiaofeng
name: Shao, Xiyuan
name: Shen, Guofang
name: Shen, Manbin
name: Sun, Wenliang
name: Tao, Yi
name: Wang, Anqing
name: Wang, Guanbo
name: Wang, Hao
name: Wang, Jiamin
name: Wang, Lei
name: Wang, Meng
name: Wang, Qiuhong
name: Wang, Shaobo
name: Wang, Siguang
name: Wang, Wei
name: Wang, Xiuli
name: Wang, Xu
name: Wang, Zhou
name: Wei, Yuehuan
name: Wu, Weihao
name: Wu, Yuan
name: Xiao, Mengjiao
name: Xiao, Xiang
name: Xiong, Kaizhi
name: Xu, Yifan
name: Yao, Shunyu
name: Yan, Binbin
name: Yan, Xiyu
name: Yang, Yong
name: Ye, Peihua
name: Yu, Chunxu
name: Yuan, Ying
name: Yuan, Zhe
name: Yun, Youhui
name: Zeng, Xinning
name: Zhang, Minzhen
name: Zhang, Peng
name: Zhang, Shibo
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Zhang, Tao
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Zhang, Yang
name: Zhang, Yingxin
name: Zhang, Yuanyuan
name: Zhao, Li
name: Zhou, Jifang
name: Zhou, Jiaxu
name: Zhou, Jiayi
name: Zhou, Ning
name: Zhou, Xiaopeng
name: Zhou, Yubo
name: Zhou, Zhizhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we report the dark matter search results from the commissioning run and the first science run of the PandaX-4T experiment. A blind analysis is carried out on the entire data set. The data processing is improved compared to previous work, unifying the low-level signal reconstruction in a wide energy range up to 120 keV. With a total exposure of 1.54 tonne$\cdot$year, no significant excess of nuclear recoil events is found. The lowest 90% confidence level exclusion on the spin-independent cross section is $1.6 \times 10^{-47}\,\mathrm{cm}^2$ at a dark matter mass of 40 GeV$/c^2$. Our results represent the most stringent constraint for a dark matter mass above 100 GeV$/c^2$.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures (appendix included)
Two-loop renormalization of fermion bilinear operators on the lattice
Creators: name: Skouroupathis, A.
name: Panagopoulos, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the renormalization functions on the lattice, in the RI' scheme, of local bilinear quark operators $\barψΓψ$, where $Γ= 1, γ_5, γ_μ, γ_5γ_μ, γ_5σ_{μν}$. This calculation is carried out to two loops for the first time. We consider both the flavor non-singlet and singlet operators. As a prerequisite for the above, we compute the quark field renormalization, $Z_ψ$, up to two loops. We also compute the 1-loop renormalization functions for the gluon field, $Z_A$, ghost field, $Z_c$, gauge parameter, $Z_α$, and coupling constant $Z_g$. We use the clover action for fermions and the Wilson action for gluons. Our results are given as an explicit function of the coupling constant, the clover coefficient $c_{SW}$, and the number of fermion colors ($N_c$) and flavors ($N_f$), in the renormalized Feynman gauge. All 1-loop quantities are evaluated in an arbitrary gauge. Finally, we present our results in the MS-bar scheme, for easier comparison with calculations in the continuum. We have generalized to fermionic fields in an arbitrary representation. Some special features of superficially divergent integrals, obtained from the evaluation of two-loop Feynman diagrams, are presented in detail in Ref. 1.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. Presented at the "XXVII International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory", July 26-31 2009, Peking University, Beijing, China
An atomistically informed multiscale approach to the intrusion and extrusion of water in hydrophobic nanopores
Creators: name: Paulo, Gonçalo
name: Gubbiotti, Alberto
name: Giacomello, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding intrusion and extrusion in nanoporous materials is a challenging multiscale problem of utmost importance for applications ranging from energy storage and dissipation to water desalination and hydrophobic gating in ion channels. Including atomistic details in simulations is required to predict the overall behavior of such systems, because the statics and dynamics of these processes depend sensitively on microscopic features of the pore such as the surface hydrophobicity, geometry, and charge distribution and on the composition of the liquid. On the other hand, the transitions between the filled (intruded) and empty (extruded) states are rare events which often require long simulation times difficult to achieve with standard atomistic simulations. In this work, we explored the intrusion and extrusion processes by a multiscale approach in which the atomistic details of the system, extracted from molecular dynamics simulations, inform a simple Langevin model of water intrusion/extrusion in the pore. We then used the Langevin simulations to compute the transition times at different pressures, validating our coarse-grained model by comparing it with nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The proposed approach reproduces experimentally relevant features such as the time and temperature dependence of the intrusion/extrusion cycles, as well as specific details about the shape of the cycle. This approach also drastically increases the timescales that can be simulated allowing to reduce the gap between simulations and experiments and showing promise for more complex systems.
description: This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in "Gon\c{c}alo Paulo, Alberto Gubbiotti, Alberto Giacomello; J. Chem. Phys. 28 May 2023; 158 (20)" and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0147647
Ouzo Effect in the Holy Quran.pdf
Creators: name: Aymen Labidi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 30199 Analytical Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: There is an old adage that says oil and water don't mix and while this is true, there is a way to mix oil and water so that they are kept from separating, that process is called an emulsion or the combinations of liquids that don't dissolve in each other. It wasn't until 1853 that the first emulsifiers such as mono and diglycerides were synthesized by the frenchman Mars Lamb Venrtilo.What's interesting about an emulsion besides the fact that allows oil and water to mix is that even though the color of water is clear and oils come in various shades of yellow, when you mix them together with an emulsifier, the resulting liquid is always milky white.we will discuss spontaneous emulsification, also known as the "Ouzo effect". This is the process that takes place when an herb liquor (e.g. Ouzo) is mixed with water, resulting in a milky white beverage. Amazingly, the Qur'an spoke about this alcoholic emulsion long before it was even invented.
Staff and Volunteer Accounts of the Experiences of Mothers Detained in British Immigration Removal Centres
Creators: name: Harrison, Samantha
Publisher: name: University of East London
Year: 2021

description: Existing research highlights the negative consequences of immigration detention on psychological wellbeing for women and children. Moreover, prison literature documents how mother-child separation through incarceration influences how women relate to themselves as mothers. No research focuses explicitly on the experiences of mothers that have been detained in British Immigration Removal Centres (IRCs). This research explores staff and volunteers’ accounts of mothers’ experiences of being detained in IRCs. A human rights framework, alongside psychological theories of mother-child separation, underpinned this exploration. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with nine participants; interviews were analysed using Thematic Analysis (TA), within a critical realist epistemological framework. Three themes were identified. Theme One ‘Continuations of Violations and Suffering’ discusses participants’ accounts of the ongoing violence that is experienced by women throughout the UK asylum process, from experiences of suffering within detention to a lack of support post-detention. Theme Two ‘Consequences of Separation’ encompasses participants’ perspectives of the psychological harm of immigration detention on women, their children, and the mother-child relationship. Theme Three ‘Learning Lessons’ describes participants’ recommendations for future professionals working with mothers that have previously been detained in IRCs. The findings of the analysis are discussed in relation to the empirical and theoretical literature. Within this, various factors of the immigration process that are reported to affect mother-child relationships are discussed, alongside the ethical dilemma of psychologising suffering. In considering the reported negative consequences on wellbeing for women and children, this research argues against the use of indefinite detention. Implications for future research, clinical practice and policy are considered.
Chiral dynamics, structure of Lambda(1405), and Kbar N phenomenology
Creators: name: Hyodo, Tetsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the structure of the Lambda(1405) resonance and Kbar N phenomenology in the perspective of chiral SU(3) dynamics. Utilizing the chiral coupled-channel approach which well describes the Kbar N scattering observable, we perform three different analyses to clarify the structure of the Lambda(1405) resonance. The results consistently indicate the meson-baryon molecule picture of the Lambda(1405). We argue the consequence of the chiral dynamics in Kbar N phenomenology and the antikaon bound state in nucleus, emphasizing the important role of the strong pi Sigma interaction.
description: 5 pages, Talk given at Japanese French Symposium "New paradigms in Nuclear Physics", Institut Henri Poincare, Paris, 29 September - 2 October, 2008
PENGANGGARAN DANA JURNAL
Creators: name: Fatoni, Uwes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Penggangaran
Jurnal

description: PENGGANGARAN DANA JURNAL Dr. Uwes Fatoni, M.Ag Wakil Ketua 3 Pengurus Pusat RJI (Relawan Jurnal Indonesia) Disampaikan dalam Webinar Amal Lokakarya Jurnal Ilmiah RJI For Indonesia, Sabtu 23 Januari 2021
On the tetrahedrally symmetric monopole
Creators: name: Braden, H. W.
name: Enolski, V. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study SU(2) BPS monopoles with spectral curves of the form $η^3+χ(ζ^6+b ζ^3-1)=0$. Previous work has has established a countable family of solutions to Hitchin's constraint that $L^2$ was trivial on such a curve. Here we establish that the only curves of this family that yield BPS monopoles correspond to tetrahedrally symmetric monopoles. We introduce several new techniques making use of a factorization theorem of Fay and Accola for theta functions, together with properties of the Humbert variety. The geometry leads us to a formulation purely in terms of elliptic functions. A more general conjecture than needed for the stated result is given.
description: 26 pages 2 figures
Blockchain Amplification Attack
Creators: name: Tsuchiya, Taro
name: Zhou, Liyi
name: Qin, Kaihua
name: Gervais, Arthur
name: Christin, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Strategies related to the blockchain concept of Extractable Value (MEV/BEV), such as arbitrage, front-, or back-running create strong economic incentives for network nodes to reduce latency. Modified nodes, that minimize transaction validation time and neglect to filter invalid transactions in the Ethereum peer-to-peer (P2P) network, introduce a novel attack vector -- a Blockchain Amplification Attack. An attacker can exploit those modified nodes to amplify invalid transactions thousands of times, posing a security threat to the entire network. To illustrate attack feasibility and practicality in the current Ethereum network ("mainnet"), we 1) identify thousands of similar attacks in the wild, 2) mathematically model the propagation mechanism, 3) empirically measure model parameters from our monitoring nodes, and 4) compare the performance with other existing Denial-of-Service attacks through local simulation. We show that an attacker can amplify network traffic at modified nodes by a factor of 3,600, and cause economic damages of approximately 13,800 times the amount needed to carry out the attack. Despite these risks, aggressive latency reduction may still be profitable enough for various providers to justify the existence of modified nodes. To assess this trade-off, we 1) simulate the transaction validation process in a local network and 2) empirically measure the latency reduction by deploying our modified node in the Ethereum test network ("testnet"). We conclude with a cost-benefit analysis of skipping validation and provide mitigation strategies against the blockchain amplification attack.
description: To appear in Proceedings of the 2025 ACM SIGMETRICS Conference
Spin Hall effect of a light beam in left-handed materials
Creators: name: Luo, Hailu
name: Wen, Shuangchun
name: Shu, Weixing
name: Tang, Zhixiang
name: Zou, Yanhong
name: Fan, Dianyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a general propagation model to describe the spin Hall effect of light beam in left-handed materials (LHMs). A spin-dependent shift of the beam centroid perpendicular to the refractive index gradient for the light beam through an air-LHM interface is demonstrated. For a certain circularly polarized component, whether the transverse shift is positive or negative depends on the magnitude of the refractive index gradient. Very surprisingly, the spin Hall effect in the LHM is unreversed, although the sign of refractive index gradient is reversed. The physics underlying this counterintuitive effect is that the spin angular momentum of photons is unreversed. Further, we reveal that the angular shift in the LHM is reversed due to the negative diffraction. These findings provide alternative evidence for that the linear momentum of photons is reversed, while the spin angular momentum is unreversed in the LHM.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
The Agrarian Reform – A ‘Divine Thing’
Creators: name: Milošević, Srđan
Publisher: name: Rural History Yearbook
Year: 2022

description: Die Agrarreformen im Königreich der Serben, Kroaten und Slowenen in der Zwischen- kriegszeit war unter Vernachlässigung der wirtschaftlichen Dimension vornehmlich politisch und ideologisch motiviert. Eine Analyse des Diskurses in der Parteienlandschaft zeigt, dass die serbisch dominierten Parteien die Agrarreform als Vehikel der Nationalisie- rung und „Šumadisierung“ des Landes benutzten: Das in Zentralserbien vorherrschende Modell des Kleinbauern auf seiner Scholle sollte auf ganz Jugoslawien ausgeweitet werden. Insbesondere in Regionen mit Minderheiten war die Kolonisierung als ethno-nationales Instrument konzipiert. Die Prädominanz des ethno-politischen Moments ging mit einer erheblichen Geringschätzung formal-rechtlicher Prozeduren sowie mit einer nationalen Überformung der property rights einher.
description: Rural History Yearbook, Bd. 7 (2010): Transforming Rural Societies. Agrarian Property and Agrarianism in East Central Europe in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
KTWIN: A Serverless Kubernetes-based Digital Twin Platform
Creators: name: Wermann, Alexandre Gustavo
name: Wickboldt, Juliano Araujo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Digital Twins (DTs) systems are virtual representations of physical assets allowing organizations to gain insights and improve existing processes. In practice, DTs require proper modeling, coherent development and seamless deployment along cloud and edge landscapes relying on established patterns to reduce operational costs. In this work, we propose KTWIN a Kubernetes-based Serverless Platform for Digital Twins. KTWIN was developed using the state-of-the-art open-source Cloud Native tools, allowing DT operators to easily define models through open standards and configure details of the underlying services and infrastructure. The experiments carried out with the developed prototype show that KTWIN can provide a higher level of abstraction to model and deploy a Digital Twin use case without compromising the solution scalability. The tests performed also show cost savings ranging between 60% and 80% compared to overprovisioned scenarios.
The Path to and Lessons from the Economic Crisis in Estonia: Employee Compensation Development
Creators: name: Reiljan, Janno
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2013
Subjects: development strategy; international division of economic activities; Baltic Sea region; economic crisis; compensation of employees; gross and net salary; economic activities structure

description: The aim of this article is to describe Estonia’s economic development strategy in the Baltic Sea region primarily from the perspective of labour costs as a factor in international competitiveness. Estonia’s position in the international division of economic activities will be explored based on expert assessments in the context of a study of theoretical literature about labour compensation as a factor in international competitiveness. The differences between the impact of the economic boom and crisis periods on the level and dynamics of employee compensation (labour related expenditures), and gross and net salary in Estonia at the national level will be empirically analysed. An empirical analysis will also be performed to describe the changes in the structure of economic activities (NACE-classification) in Estonia
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 20, No 2 (2012)
A Smart City Infrastructure Ontology for Threats, Cybercrime, and Digital Forensic Investigation
Creators: name: Tok, Yee Ching
name: Zheng, Davis Yang
name: Chattopadhyay, Sudipta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cybercrime and the market for cyber-related compromises are becoming attractive revenue sources for state-sponsored actors, cybercriminals and technical individuals affected by financial hardships. Due to burgeoning cybercrime on new technological frontiers, efforts have been made to assist digital forensic investigators (DFI) and law enforcement agencies (LEA) in their investigative efforts.
 Forensic tool innovations and ontology developments, such as the Unified Cyber Ontology (UCO) and Cyber-investigation Analysis Standard Expression (CASE), have been proposed to assist DFI and LEA. Although these tools and ontologies are useful, they lack extensive information sharing and tool interoperability features, and the ontologies lack the latest Smart City Infrastructure (SCI) context that was proposed.
 To mitigate the weaknesses in both solutions and to ensure a safer cyber-physical environment for all, we propose the Smart City Ontological Paradigm Expression (SCOPE), an expansion profile of the UCO and CASE ontology that implements SCI threat models, SCI digital forensic evidence, attack techniques, patterns and classifications from MITRE.
 We showcase how SCOPE could present complex data such as SCI-specific threats, cybercrime, investigation data and incident handling workflows via an incident scenario modelled after publicly reported real-world incidents attributed to Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) groups. We also make SCOPE available to the community so that threats, digital evidence and cybercrime in emerging trends such as SCI can be identified, represented, and shared collaboratively.
description: Updated to include amendments from peer review process. Accepted in Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation
Clinically Labeled Contrastive Learning for OCT Biomarker Classification
Creators: name: Kokilepersaud, Kiran
name: Corona, Stephanie Trejo
name: Prabhushankar, Mohit
name: AlRegib, Ghassan
name: Wykoff, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a novel positive and negative set selection strategy for contrastive learning of medical images based on labels that can be extracted from clinical data. In the medical field, there exists a variety of labels for data that serve different purposes at different stages of a diagnostic and treatment process. Clinical labels and biomarker labels are two examples. In general, clinical labels are easier to obtain in larger quantities because they are regularly collected during routine clinical care, while biomarker labels require expert analysis and interpretation to obtain. Within the field of ophthalmology, previous work has shown that clinical values exhibit correlations with biomarker structures that manifest within optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans. We exploit this relationship by using the clinical data as pseudo-labels for our data without biomarker labels in order to choose positive and negative instances for training a backbone network with a supervised contrastive loss. In this way, a backbone network learns a representation space that aligns with the clinical data distribution available. Afterwards, we fine-tune the network trained in this manner with the smaller amount of biomarker labeled data with a cross-entropy loss in order to classify these key indicators of disease directly from OCT scans. We also expand on this concept by proposing a method that uses a linear combination of clinical contrastive losses. We benchmark our methods against state of the art self-supervised methods in a novel setting with biomarkers of varying granularity. We show performance improvements by as much as 5\% in total biomarker detection AUROC.
description: Accepted in IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2211.05092
Wandel in der Geldpolitik und Ausweitung der europäischen Schuldenkrise
Creators: name: Rohde, Armin
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2013
Subjects: Euro-Currency Area; European Debt Crisis; European Central Bank; monetary policy; interest rate policy; monetary transmission; sovereign bonds markets

description: In the present paper fundamental changes in monetary policy strategy, especially in leading industrialized countries, from concentrating on development of the quantity of money to focusing strictly on developments of interest rates and interest rate levels is analysed in the case of the European Central Bank. The goal of research is to show that this change in monetary policy is one important reason for expansions of the European debt crisis since 2010. Within this new monetary policy regime, interest rate levels on the one hand and the transmission of interest rate policy measures to the interest rates of the other financial markets on the other hand, have become a very important role in central banking policies of today. For example to guarantee a sure and strict transmission of interest rate policy measures, which have its starting point on the short-term money market, and which should radiate to long-term interest rates on the capital market the ECB, if necessary, uses outright monetary transactions in secondary markets for sovereign bonds in the euro area. The main reason for acting in that manner is to avoid rising of long-term interest rates and to guarantee low levels of interest rate in the sovereign bonds markets. It is argued in the present paper that in focusing to guarantee low interest rate levels especially to overcome economic crisis you can find one important reason for expansions of the European debt crisis. This is so, because in view of current European economic policy rising interest rates in the European bonds markets above a level of 6 or 7 percent have become an unmistakeable proof of a severe debt problem.
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 20, No 2 (2012)
LFV and Dipole Moments in Models with A4 Flavour Symmetry
Creators: name: Merlo, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is presented an analysis on lepton flavour violating transitions, leptonic magnetic dipole moments and electric dipole moments in a class of models characterized by the flavour symmetry A4 x Z3 x U(1)_FN, whose choice is motivated by the approximate Tri-Bimaximal mixing observed in neutrino oscillations. A low-energy effective Lagrangian is constructed, where these effects are dominated by dimension six operators, suppressed by the scale M of new physics. All the flavour breaking effects are universally described by the vacuum expectation values of a set of spurions. Two separate cases, a supersymmetric and a general one, are described. An upper limit on the reactor angle of a few percent is concluded.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure. Adapted from a talk given at "DISCRETE'08: Symposium on Prospects in the Physics of Discrete Symmetries", December 11-16 2008, Valencia, Spain
Construction and the Analysis of the Models of Mass Appraisal of Residential Real Estate in Riga and Daugavpils
Creators: name: Ruzha, Oksana
name: Ignatjeva, Svetlana
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2013
Subjects: mass appraisal of residential real estate objects; additive regression model; multiplicative regression model; cluster model

description: Mass appraisal of real estate is one of the most classical economic tasks in accomplishing of which econometric modeling is successfully applied. The following article dwells upon three models used for estimating the commercial value of residential real estate. For the purposes of the research the market of residential real estate of two cities (i.e. capital of Latvia - Riga and the regional centre – Daugavpils) has been studied. The statistical analysis of the sales data for 2010-2011 has allowed distinguishing pricing factors of the residential real estate, both at the regional level, and at the level of a building and object of real estate. Modeling was conducted with the use of correlation and regression and cluster analyses. The additive and multiplicative models based on the regression equation and the model of the cluster analysis based on the method of parallel sectioning have been presented
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 20, No 2 (2012)
Minimally coupled fermion-antifermion pairs via exponentially decaying potential
Creators: name: Guvendi, Abdullah
name: Dogan, Semra Gurtas
name: Mustafa, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we explore how a fermion-antifermion ($f\overline{f}$) pair interacts via an exponentially decaying potential. Using a covariant one-time two-body Dirac equation, we examine their relative motion in a three-dimensional flat background. Our approach leads to coupled equations governing their behavior, resulting in a general second-order wave equation. Through this, we derive analytical solutions by establishing quantization conditions for pair formation, providing insights into their dynamics. Notably, we find that such interacting $f\overline{f}$ systems are unstable and decay over time, with the decay time depending on the Compton wavelength of the fermions.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, To appear in Eur. Phys. J. C (2024)
Highly excited $B$, $B_s$ and $B_c$ meson spectroscopy from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Gayer, Luke
name: Ryan, Sinéad M.
name: Wilson, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excited state spectra of $B$, $B_s$ and $B_c$ mesons are computed using lattice QCD. Working with a large basis of carefully constructed, approximately-local $q\bar{q}$-like operators we determine a rich spectrum of states up to $J=4$ in $B, B_s$ and $B_c$, that can be grouped into patterns matching those of the quark model. In addition, hybrid-like states are identified at approximately 1500 MeV above the ground states in each of $B, B_s$ and $B_c$, in a multiplet pattern already found in similar computations at a range of quark masses spanning light to bottom. This study is performed using an anisotropic, relativistic Wilson-clover action at a single spatial lattice spacing of $a_s\approx 0.12$ fm and with a light-quark mass corresponding to $m_π\approx 391$ MeV. We find good agreement with experimental results where known and discuss prospects for further work in interesting $J^P$ quantum numbers.
description: 26 pages, 14 figures
Simulating Wilson fermions without critical slowing down
Creators: name: Wenger, Urs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simulation algorithm for Wilson fermions based on the exact hopping expansion of the fermion action. The algorithm essentially eliminates critical slowing down by sampling the fermionic two-point correlation function and it allows simulations directly in the massless limit. As illustrative examples, the algorithm is applied to the Gross-Neveu and the Schwinger model, the latter in the strong coupling limit.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures. Presented at the XXVII International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 26-31, 2009, Peking University, Beijing, China
Fock-space delocalization and the emergence of the Porter-Thomas distribution from dual-unitary dynamics
Creators: name: Claeys, Pieter W.
name: De Tomasi, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chaotic dynamics of quantum many-body systems are expected to quickly randomize any structured initial state, delocalizing it in Fock space. In this work, we study the spreading of an initial product state in Hilbert space under dual-unitary dynamics, captured by the inverse participation ratios and the distribution of overlaps (bit-string probabilities). We consider the self-dual kicked Ising model, a minimal model of many-body quantum chaos which can be seen as either a periodically driven Floquet model or a dual-unitary quantum circuit. Both analytically and numerically, we show that the inverse participation ratios rapidly approach their ergodic values, corresponding to those of Haar random states, and establish the emergence of the Porter-Thomas distribution for the overlap distribution. Importantly, this convergence happens exponentially fast in time, with a time scale that is independent of system size. We inspect the effect of local perturbations that break dual-unitarity and show a slowdown of the spreading in Fock space, indicating that dual-unitary circuits are maximally efficient at preparing random states.
description: 6+2 pages
Distributed outer approximation of the intersection of ellipsoids
Creators: name: Aldana-Lopez, Rodrigo
name: Sebastian, Eduardo
name: Aragues, Rosario
name: Montijano, Eduardo
name: Sagues, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The outer Lowner-John method is widely used in sensor fusion applications to find the smallest ellipsoid that can approximate the intersection of a set of ellipsoids, described by positive definite covariance matrices modeling the quality of each sensor. We propose a distributed algorithm to solve this problem when these matrices are defined over the network's nodes. This is of particular significance as it is the first decentralized algorithm capable of computing the covariance intersection ellipsoid by combining information from the entire network using only local interactions. The solution is based on a reformulation of the centralized problem, leading to a local protocol based on exact dynamic consensus tools. After reaching consensus, the protocol converges to an outer Lowner-John ellipsoid in finite time, and to the global optimum asymptotically. Formal convergence analysis and numerical experiments are provided to validate the proposal's advantages.
description: This is the accepted version of the manuscript: "Distributed outer approximation of the intersection of ellipsoids," Rodrigo Aldana-Lopez, Eduardo Sebastian, Rosario Aragues, Eduardo Montijano and Carlos Sagues, in IEEE Control Systems Letters, 2023, DOI: 10.1109/LCSYS.2023.3280259
Correlational Origin of the Roton Minimum
Creators: name: Kalman, G. J.
name: Hartmann, P.
name: Golden, K. I.
name: Filinov, A.
name: Donko, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present compelling evidence supporting the conjecture that the origin of the roton in Bose-condensed systems arises from strong correlations between the constituent particles. By studying the two dimensional bosonic dipole systems a paradigm, we find that classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provide a faithful representation of the dispersion relation for a low- temperature quantum system. The MD simulations allow one to examine the effect of coupling strength on the formation of the roton minimum and to demonstrate that it is always generated at a sufficiently high enough coupling. Moreover, the classical images of the roton-roton, roton-maxon, etc. states also appear in the MD simulation spectra as a consequence of the strong coupling.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Benchmarking of Governmental Support Measures for University-Industry Cooperation
Creators: name: Rõigas, Kärt
name: Seppo, Marge
name: Varblane, Urmas
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2013
Subjects: support measures; university-industry cooperation; policy making

description: This paper aims to benchmark Estonian governmental support measures targeted toward enhancing university-industry collaboration to European best practice and make suggestions for the development of these measures. The intensity and scope of university-industry cooperation support measures varies heavily in Europe. The survey of European University-Business Cooperation, Pro Inno Europe and Erawatch database of policy measures, and Community Innovation Survey reveal that Finnish, German and Austrian support systems are best balanced and provide good university-industry cooperation intensity. The cooperation measures in Estonia are weak and improvement should be made by increasing the Estonian governmental funding, mandatory cooperation in support measures, networking and applied research in universities, on-going application possibilities, reducing the bureaucracy, and improving the timing of measures.
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 20, No 2 (2012)
The Liberalisation of the Postal Service Market in Estonia and its Effect on Competition
Creators: name: Sepp, Jüri
name: Ernits, Raigo
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2013
Subjects: competition policy; regulation in infrastructure specific sectors; universal service; postal sector

description: The liberalisation of infrastructure sectors through opening up markets as a method for increasing the efficiency of infrastructure services is an international tendency. Emerging competition has been seen as an essential element in this process. On the other hand, the liberalisation of the market for universal services can cause several problems in ensuring quality and access to services. In this article we evaluate the results of liberalisation in the Estonian postal sector as an infrastructure specific sector offering a universal service in a decreasing market in a small country.
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 20, No 2 (2012)
Narrow basis angle doubles secret key in the BB84 protocol
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Ryutaroh
name: Watanabe, Shun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a modified version of the BB84 quantum key distribution protocol in which the angle between two different bases are less than $π/4$. We show that the channel parameter estimate becomes the same as the original protocol with sufficiently many transmitted qubits. On the other hand, the statistical correlation between bits transmitted in one basis and those received in the other basis becomes stronger as the angle between two bases becomes narrower. If the angle is very small, the statistical correlation between bits transmitted in one basis and those received in the other basis is as strong as those received in the same basis as transmitting basis, which means that the modified protocol can generate almost twice as long secret key as the original protocol, provided that Alice and Bob choose two different bases with almost the same probability. We also point out that the reverse reconciliation often gives different amount of secret key to the direct reconciliation over Pauli channels with our modified protocol.
description: LaTeX2e, 10 pages, no figure. Ver. 3 corrected typographical errors in indices of Eq. (1) and its previous equation and added citation to Tamaki et al. (2003) in Sec. 2.2. The claims in version 1 were correct but their proofs were wrong. Ver. 2 should have correct proofs. The second author joined because he pointed out the error
Asymptotics of spin-0 fields and conserved charges on n-dimensional Minkowski spaces
Creators: name: Gasperín, Edgar
name: Mohamed, Mariem Magdy Ali
name: Mena, Filipe C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We use conformal geometry methods and the construction of Friedrich's cylinder at spatial infinity to study the propagation of spin-$0$ fields (solutions to the wave equation) on $n$-dimensional Minkowski spacetimes in a neighbourhood of spatial and null infinity. We obtain formal solutions written in terms of series expansions close to spatial and null infinity and use them to compute non-trivial asymptotic spin-$0$ charges. It is shown that if one considers the most general initial data within the class considered in this paper, the expansion is poly-homogeneous and hence of restricted regularity at null infinity. Furthermore, we derive the conditions on the initial data needed to obtain regular solutions and well-defined limits for the asymptotic charges at the critical sets where null infinity and spatial infinity meet. In even dimensions, we find that there are infinitely many well-defined asymptotic charges at the critical sets, while for odd higher dimensions there exists no non-trivial asymptotic charges that remain regular at the critical sets.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure; This version incorporates changes based on comment made in arXiv:2412.05088. The technical aspects of the paper remains unchanged but the final result listed in Theorem 1 differs from previous version
Mechanical properties of plants - synthetic hybrid fibers composites
Creators: name: I.Al-Mosawi, Ali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 91202 Composite and Hybrid Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: In this paper, mechanical properties of composites reinforced with hybrid palms - Kevlar fibers were evaluated. The incorporation of both fibers into a single matrix, which is epoxy resin, will stabilize mechanical properties. Impact strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, and hardness were studied for composite material reinforced with hybrid fibers for palms and Kevlar as a woven roving. These fibers were mixed with epoxy resin LY 556 in different reinforcement percentage (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80%), and the effect on the above mechanical properties was studied. It has shown an enhancement in these mechanical properties after reinforcement by fibers the value of mechanical properties will increase with the increasing percentage of reinforcement.