cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Low density nuclear matter with light clusters in a generalized nonlinear relativistic mean-field model
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhao-Wen
name: Chen, Lie-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically investigate the thermodynamic properties of homogeneous nuclear matter with light clusters at low densities and finite temperatures using a generalized nonlinear relativistic mean-field (gNL-RMF) model, in which light clusters up to $α$ ($1 \le A \le 4$) are included as explicit degrees of freedom and treated as point-like particles with their interactions described by meson exchanges and the medium effects on the cluster binding energies are described by density- and temperature-dependent energy shifts with the parameters obtained by fitting the experimental cluster Mott densities. We find that the composition of low density nuclear matter with light clusters is essentially determined by the density- and temperature-dependence of the cluster binding energy shifts. Compared with the values of the conventional (second-order) symmetry energy, symmetry free energy and symmetry entropy, their fourth-order values are found to be significant at low densities ($ρ\sim 10^{-3}$ fm$^{-3}$) and low temperatures ($T \lesssim 3$ MeV), indicating the invalidity of the empirical parabolic law for the isospin asymmetry dependence of these nuclear matter properties. Our results indicate that in the density region of $ρ\gtrsim 0.02$ fm$^{-3}$, the clustering effects become insignificant and the nuclear matter is dominated by nucleon degree of freedom. In addition, we compare the gNL-RMF model predictions with the corresponding experimental data on the symmetry energy and symmetry free energy at low densities and finite temperatures extracted from heavy-ion collisions, and reasonable agreement is found.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables. Discussions added. Accepted version to appear in PRC
Pair production of the Elementary Goldstone Higgs boson at the LHC
Creators: name: Yue, Chong-Xing
name: Ma, Lu
name: Zuo, Ya-bing
name: Guo, Yu-chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Elementary Goldstone Higgs (EGH) model is a perturbative extension of the standard model (SM), which identifies the EGH boson as the observed Higgs boson. In this paper, we study pair production of the EGH boson via gluon fusion at the LHC and find that the resonant contribution of the heavy scalar is very small and the SM-like triangle diagram contribution is strongly suppressed. The total production cross section mainly comes from the box diagram contribution and its value can be significantly enhanced with respect to the SM prediction.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures. Published version
The role of coherence during classical and quantum decoherence
Creators: name: Hou, Jin-Xing
name: Liu, Si-Yuan
name: Wang, Xiao-Hui
name: Yang, Wen-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The total correlations in a bipartite quantum system are measured by the quantum mutual information $\mathcal{I}$, which consists of quantum discord and classical correlation. However, recent results in quantum information shows that coherence, which is a part of total correlation, is more general and more fundamental than discord. The role of coherence in quantum resource theories is worthwhile to investigate. We first study the relation between quantum discord and coherence by reducing the difference between them. And then, we consider the dynamics of quantum discord, classical correlations and quantum coherence under incoherent quantum channels. We discover that coherence indicate the behavior of quantum discord (classical correlation) for times $t\bar t$. What is more, the coherence frozen and decay indicate the quantum discord and classical correlation frozen and decay respectively.
description: 7pages, 5figures
High-$β$ equilibrium and ballooning stability of the low aspect ratio CNT stellarator
Creators: name: Hammond, K. C.
name: Lazerson, S. A.
name: Volpe, F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence and ballooning-stability of low aspect ratio stellarator equilibria is predicted for CNT with the aid of 3D numerical tools. In addition to having a low aspect ratio, CNT is characterized by a low magnetic field and small plasma volume. Also, highly overdense plasmas were recently heated in CNT by means of microwaves. These characteristics suggest that CNT might attain relatively high values of plasma $β$ and thus be of use in the experimental study of stellarator stability to high-$β$ instabilities such as ballooning modes. As a first step in that direction, here the ballooning stability limit is found numerically. Depending on the particular magnetic configuration we expect volume-averaged $β$ limits in the range 0.9-3.0%, and possibly higher, and observe indications of a second region of ballooning stability. As the aspect ratio is reduced, stability is found to increase in some configurations and decrease in others. Energy-balance estimates using stellarator scaling laws indicate that the lower $β$ limit may be attainable with overdense heating at powers of of 40 to 100 kW. The present study serves the additional purpose of testing VMEC and other stellarator codes at high values of $β$ and at low aspect ratios. For this reason, the study was carried out both for free boundary, for maximum fidelity to experiment, as well as with a fixed boundary, as a numerical test.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Κεφαλαιακή διάρθρωση ναυτιλιακών εταιρειών
Creators: name: Σεϊτανίδης, Αναστάσιος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Κεφαλαιακή διάρθρωση
subject: Ναυτιλιακή βιομηχανία
subject: Πηγές χρηματοδότησης
subject: Θεωρία αντιστάθμισης
subject: Θεωρία ιεράρχησης
subject: Θεωρία συγχρονισμού της αγοράς
subject: Δανειακή μόχλευση

description: Οι ναυτιλιακές εταιρείες χρειάζονται αρκετά κεφάλαια για να διευρύνουν τον στόλο τους. Ως εκ τούτου, το μείγμα χρηματοδότησης τέτοιων επενδύσεων αποτελεί καθοριστικό στοιχείο για τη μεγιστοποίηση της εταιρικής αξίας. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι ο προσδιορισμός των παραγόντων που επηρεάζουν την κεφαλαιακή διάρθρωση των ναυτιλιακών εταιρειών. Η ανάλυση της συγκεκριμένης βιομηχανίας παρουσιάζει ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον καθώς οι ναυτιλιακές αγορές είναι ευμετάβλητες και απαιτούν γνώση και εξειδίκευση. Η εμπειρική ανάλυση πραγματοποιήθηκε με τη βοήθεια της οικονομετρίας χρησιμοποιώντας δεδομένα από ναυτιλιακές εταιρείες οι οποίες είναι εισηγμένες σε χρηματιστηριακές αγορές.
An overview of systematic reviews on the pharmacological randomized controlled trials for reducing intracranial pressure after traumatic brain injury
Creators: name: Kim, Sonya
name: Mortera, Marianne
name: Heyn, Patricia
name: Sood, Pallavi
name: Wen, Pey-Shan
name: Wong, Diana Chen
name: Tanveer, Sarah
name: Hu, Xiaolei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Neuroscience
Pharmacology
Science Policy

description: There is a need for an overview of systematic reviews (SRs) examining randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of pharmacological interventions in the treatment of intracranial pressure (ICP) post-TBI. To summarize pharmacological effectiveness in decreasing ICP in SRs with RCTs and evaluate study quality. Comprehensive literature searches were conducted in MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library databases for English SRs through October 2020. Inclusion criteria were SRs with RCTs that examined pharmacological interventions to treat ICP in patients post-TBI. Data extracted were participant characteristics, pharmacological interventions, and ICP outcomes. Study quality was assessed with AMSTAR-2. Eleven SRs between 2003 and 2020 were included. AMSTAR-2 ratings revealed 3/11 SRs of high quality. Pharmacological interventions included hyperosmolars, neuroprotectives, anesthetics, sedatives, and analgesics. Study samples ranged from 7 to 1282 patients. Hyperosmolar agents and sedatives were beneficial in lowering elevated ICP. High bolus dose opioids had a more deleterious effect on ICP. Neuroprotective agents did not show any effects in ICP management. RCT sample sizes and findings in the SRs varied. A lack of detailed data syntheses was noted. AMSTAR-2 analysis revealed moderate-to-high quality in most SRs. Future SRs may focus on streamlined reporting of dosing and clearer clinical recommendations. PROSPERO-Registration: CRD42015017355
Novel signatures for vector-like quarks
Creators: name: Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A.
name: López-Fogliani, D. E.
name: Muñoz, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider supersymmetric extensions of the standard model with a vector-like doublet $(T \, B)$ of quarks with charge $2/3$ and $-1/3$, respectively. Compared to non-supersymmetric models, there is a variety of new decay modes for the vector-like quarks, involving the extra scalars present in supersymmetry. The importance of these new modes, yielding multi-top, multi-bottom and also multi-Higgs signals, is highlighted by the analysis of several benchmark scenarios. We show how the triangles commonly used to represent the branching ratios of the `standard' decay modes of the vector-like quarks involving $W$, $Z$ or Higgs bosons can be generalised to include additional channels. We give an example by recasting the limits of a recent heavy quark search for this more general case.
description: LaTeX 30 pages. References added; journal version
Charged scalar quasi-normal modes for linearly charged dilaton-Lifshitz solutions
Creators: name: Zangeneh, M. Kord
name: Wang, B.
name: Sheykhi, A.
name: Tang, Z. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most available studies of quasi-normal modes for Lifshitz black solutions are limited to the neutral scalar perturbations. In this paper, we investigate the wave dynamics of massive charged scalar perturbation in the background of $(3+1)$-dimensional charged dilaton Lifshitz black branes/holes. We disclose the dependence of the quasi-normal modes on the model parameters, such as the Lifshitz exponent $z$, the mass and charge of the scalar perturbation field and the charge of the Lifshitz configuration. In contrast with neutral perturbations, we observe the possibility to destroy the original Lifshitz background near the extreme value of charge where the temperature is low. We find out that when the Lifshitz exponent deviates more from unity, it is more difficult to break the stability of the configuration. We also study the behavior of the real part of the quasi-normal frequencies. Unlike the neutral scalar perturbation around uncharged black branes where an overdamping was observed to start at $z=2$ and independent of the value of scalar mass, our observation discloses that the overdamping starting point is no longer at $z=2$ and depends on the mass of scalar field for charged Lifshitz black branes. For charged scalar perturbations, fixing $m_s$, the asymptotic value of $ω_R$ for high $z$ is more away from zero when the charge of scalar perturbation $q_s$ increases. There does not appear the overdamping.
description: V2: 11 pages, 2 figures (including subfigures), one table, some references and discussions added
Οι προσδιοριστικοί παράγοντες της ρευστότητας της χρηματιστηριακής αγοράς
Creators: name: Στάρφας, Παναγιώτης
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mέλη G7
subject: Διαστάσεις ρευστότητας
subject: Μέτρα ρευστότητας
subject: Μεταβλητότητα
subject: Αναμενόμενη απόδοση
subject: Bid-Ask Spread
subject: Amihud Illiquidity ratio
subject: Relative quoted spread
subject: Προσδιοριστικοί (μακροοικονομικοί) παράγοντες

description: Αυτή η εμπειρική ανάλυση παρουσιάζει τους προσδιοριστικούς παράγοντες της ρευστότητας των χρηματιστηριακών αγορών μεταξύ των χωρών του G7 καθώς και πιθανές αρρυθμίες που μπορεί να επιφέρει η μεταβλητότητα της αγοράς στην ρευστότητα και στην αναμενόμενη απόδοση των αντίστοιχων εθνικών χρηματιστηριακών οργανισμών των χωρών του G7(Γαλλία, Γερμανία, Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες, Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο, Ιαπωνία, Ιταλία, Καναδάς). Σύμφωνα με τους Chiang και Zheng (2015) οι χώρες μέλη του G7 παρουσιάζουν ιδιαιτερότητες σε σχέση με άλλες χώρες με την έλλειψη ρευστότητας σε παγκόσμιο επίπεδο να μην αποτελεί αρνητικό παράγοντα αλλά αντιθέτως να λειτουργεί ενεργητικά ιδιαίτερα για τις μετοχές μεγάλου όγκου συναλλαγών και μικρής μεταβλητότητα των τιμών και ρίσκου των εθνικών χρηματιστηριακών ιδρυμάτων-δεικτών. Τα μέτρα υπολογισμού της ρευστότητας της εμπειρικής ανάλυσης είναι τα εξής: Amihud Illiquidity Ratio ,Bid-Ask Spread, Relative Quoted Spread. Οι προσδιοριστικοί ανεξάρτητοι ή επεξηγηματικοί παράγοντες που θα συμπεριληφθούν στο υπόδειγμα θα συντελέσουν στο προσδιορισμό και συσχετισμό τω επιπέδων ρευστότητας όντας οι εξαρτημένες μεταβλητές .Μέσω υποδειγμάτων μορφής πάνελ και των ελέγχων θα εξαχθούν συμπεράσματα για τους προσδιοριστικούς παράγοντες της ρευστότητας ,των μέτρων ρευστότητας ως δείκτες της ρευστότητας και της γενικής χρηματοοικονομικής ρευστότητας των χωρών μελών του G7.Το δείγμα της εμπειρικής ανάλυσης των χωρών του G7 αφορά τη χρονική περίοδο του 2010-2021 τριμηνιαίας συχνότητας. Ως ανεξάρτητες μεταβλητές τελικά θα χρησιμοποιηθεί το ποσοστό ανεργίας, το Ακαθάριστο Εγχώριο Προϊόν, τα επιτόκια δανεισμού των κεντρικών τραπεζών, το ασφάλιστρο κίνδυνου των μετοχών, η μεταβλητότητα της χρηματοοικονομικής αγοράς, η διαφορά απόδοσης μεταξύ των δεκαετών και τριμηνιαίων ομολόγων και χρεογράφων αντίστοιχα ή αλλιώς καμπύλη αποδόσεων ομολόγων.
Chiral Symmetry Breaking by Monopole Condensation
Creators: name: Iwazaki, Aiichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Under the assumption of Abelian dominance in QCD, we have shown that chiral condensate is locally present around each QCD monopole. The essence is that either of charge or chirality of a quark is not conserved, when the low energy massless quark collides with QCD monopole. In reality, the charge is conserved so that the chirality is not conserved. Reviewing the presence of the local chiral condensate, we show by using chiral anomaly that chiral non symmetric quark pair production takes place when a quark is putted in a vacuum with monopole condensation, while chiral symmetric pair production takes place in a vacuum with no monopole condensation. Our results strongly indicate that the chiral symmetry is broken by the monopole condensation.
description: 7 pages, sectioning the manuscript
The Geometric Structure of Quantum Resources for Bell-diagonal states
Creators: name: Hou, Jin-Xing
name: Su, Yun-Long
name: Liu, Si-Yuan
name: Wang, Xiao-Hui
name: Yang, Wen-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-qubit Bell-diagonal states can be depicted as a tetrahedron in three dimensions. We investigate the structure of quantum resources, including coherence and quantum discord, in the tetrahedron. The ordering of different resources measures is a common problem in resource theories, and which measure should be chosen to investigate the structure of resources is still an open question. We consider the structure of quantum resources which is not affected by the choice of measure. Our work provides a complete structure of coherence and quantum discord for Bell-diagonal states. The pictorial approach also indicates how to explore the structure of resources even when we don't have consistent measure of a concrete quantum resource.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Forced Measurement of Astronomical Sources at Low Signal to Noise
Creators: name: Dutta, Anirban
name: Peterson, John R.
name: Sembroski, Glenn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a modified moment matching algorithm to avoid catastrophic failures for sources with a low signal to noise ratio (SNR). The proposed modifications include a method to eliminate non-physical negative pixel values and a forced single iteration with an initial guess derived from co-add measurements when iterative methods are unstable. We correct for all biases in measurements introduced by the method. We find that the proposed modifications allow the algorithm to avoid catastrophic failures in nearly 100\% of the cases, especially at low signal to noise ratio. Additionally, with a reasonable guess from co-add measurements, the algorithm measures the flux, centroid, size, shape and ellipticity with bias statistically consistent with zero. We show the proposed method allows us to measure sources seven times fainter than traditional methods when applied to images obtained from WIYN-ODI. We also present a scheme to find uncertainties in measurements when using the new method to measure astronomical sources.
description: Published in AJ
Four-loop QCD propagators and vertices with one vanishing external momentum
Creators: name: Ruijl, B.
name: Ueda, T.
name: Vermaseren, J. A. M.
name: Vogt, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have computed the self-energies and a set of three-particle vertex functions for massless QCD at the four-loop level in the MSbar renormalization scheme. The vertex functions are evaluated at points where one of the momenta vanishes. Analytical results are obtained for a generic gauge group and with the full gauge dependence, which was made possible by extensive use of the Forcer program for massless four-loop propagator integrals. The bare results in dimensional regularization are provided in terms of master integrals and rational coefficients; the latter are exact in any space-time dimension. Our results can be used for further precision investigations of the perturbative behaviour of the theory in schemes other than MSbar. As an example, we derive the five-loop beta function in a relatively common alternative, the minimal momentum subtraction (MiniMOM) scheme.
description: 50 pages, 4 figures, 15 ancillary files available with the source; v2: minor changes, version accepted by JHEP
ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH CARE SEEKING BEHAVIOR AT HOUSEHOLD LEVEL IN SODO ZURIA WEREDA, SNNPR, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: AREGA AWEKE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005

description: ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH CARE SEEKING BEHAVIOR AT HOUSEHOLD LEVEL 

IN SODO ZURIA WEREDA, SNNPR, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
Analytical Forms for Cross Sections of Di-lepton Production from $e^+e^-$ Collisions around the $J/ψ$ Resonance
Creators: name: Zhou, Xing-Yu
name: Wang, Ya-Di
name: Xia, Li-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A detailed theoretical derivation of the cross sections of $e^+e^- \to e^+e^-$ and $e^+e^- \to μ^+μ^-$ around the $J/ψ$ resonance is reported. The resonance and interference parts of the cross sections, related to $J/ψ$ resonance parameters, are calculated. Higher-order corrections for vacuum polarization and initial-state radiation are considered. An arbitrary upper limit of radiative correction integration is involved. Full and simplified versions of analytic formulae are given with precision at the level of 0.1% and 0.2%, respectively. Moreover, the results obtained in the paper can be applied to the case of the $ψ(3686)$ resonance.
description: Accepted by Chinese Physics C
Insulating Josephson-junction chains as pinned Luttinger liquids
Creators: name: Cedergren, Karin
name: Ackroyd, Roger
name: Kafanov, Sergey
name: Vogt, Nicolas
name: Shnirman, Alexander
name: Duty, Timothy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum physics in one spatial dimension is remarkably rich, yet even with strong interactions and disorder, surprisingly tractable. This is due to the fact that the low-energy physics of nearly all one-dimensional systems can be cast in terms of the Luttinger liquid, a key concept that parallels that of the Fermi liquid in higher dimensions. Although there have been many theoretical proposals to use linear chains and ladders of Josephson junctions to create novel quantum phases and devices, only modest progress has been made experimentally. One major roadblock has been understanding the role of disorder in such systems. We present experimental results that establish the insulating state of linear chains of sub-micron Josephson junctions as Luttinger liquids pinned by random offset charges, providing a one-dimensional implementation of the Bose glass, strongly validating the quantum many-body theory of one-dimensional disordered systems. The ubiquity of such an electronic glass in Josephson-junction chains has important implications for their proposed use as a fundamental current standard, which is based on synchronisation of coherent tunnelling of flux quanta (quantum phase slips).
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, title and abstract modified for version 2
Analytical approach to the Bose polaron problem in one dimension
Creators: name: Volosniev, A. G.
name: Hammer, H. -W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the ground state properties of a one-dimensional bosonic system doped with an impurity (the so-called Bose polaron problem). We introduce a formalism that allows us to calculate analytically the thermodynamic zero-temperature properties of this system with weak and moderate boson-boson interaction strengths for any boson-impurity interaction. Our approach is validated by comparing to exact quantum Monte Carlo calculations. In addition, we test the method in finite size systems using numerical results based upon the similarity renormalization group. We argue that the introduced approach provides a simple analytical tool for studies of strongly interacting impurity problems in one dimension.
description: Version accepted for publication
Simplified galaxy formation with mesh-less hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Lupi, Alessandro
name: Volonteri, Marta
name: Silk, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical simulations have become a necessary tool to describe the complex interactions among the different processes involved in galaxy formation and evolution, unfeasible via an analytic approach. The last decade has seen a great effort by the scientific community in improving the sub-grid physics modelling and the numerical techniques used to make numerical simulations more predictive. Although the recently publicly available code GIZMO has proven to be successful in reproducing galaxy properties when coupled with the model of the MUFASA simulations and the more sophisticated prescriptions of the Feedback In Realistic Environments (FIRE) set-up, it has not been tested yet using delayed cooling supernova feedback, which still represent a reasonable approach for large cosmological simulations, for which detailed sub-grid models are prohibitive. In order to limit the computational cost and to be able to resolve the disc structure in the galaxies we perform a suite of zoom-in cosmological simulations with rather low resolution centred around a sub-L* galaxy with a halo mass of $3\times 10^{11}\,\rm M_\odot$ at $z=0$, to investigate the ability of this simple model, coupled with the new hydrodynamic method of GIZMO, to reproduce observed galaxy scaling relations (stellar to halo mass, stellar and baryonic Tully-Fisher, stellar mass-metallicity and mass-size). We find that the results are in good agreement with the main scaling relations, except for the total stellar mass, larger than that predicted by the abundance matching technique, and the effective sizes for the most massive galaxies in the sample, which are too small.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures and 1 table; matches the published version
Programmable quantum circuits in a large-scale photonic waveguide array
Creators: name: Yang, Yang
name: Chapman, Robert J.
name: Youssry, Akram
name: Haylock, Ben
name: Lenzini, Francesco
name: Lobino, Mirko
name: Peruzzo, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past decade, integrated quantum photonic technologies have shown great potential as a platform for studying quantum phenomena and realizing large-scale quantum information processing. Recently, there have been proposals for utilizing waveguide lattices to implement quantum gates, providing a more compact and robust solution compared to discrete implementation with directional couplers and phase shifters. We report on the first demonstration of precise control of single photon states on an $11\times 11$ continuously-coupled programmable waveguide array. Through electro-optical control, the array is subdivided into decoupled subcircuits and the degree of on-chip quantum interference can be tuned with a maximum visibility of 0.962$\pm$0.013. Furthermore, we show simultaneous control of two subcircuits on a single device. Our results demonstrate the potential of using this technology as a building block for quantum information processing applications.
title: INFLUENCE OF SIZE EFFECTS ON SURFACE GENERATION DURING FINISH MACHINING AND SURFACE INTEGRITY IN TI-6AL-4V
Creators: name: Brown, Ian
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Finish machining is an essential manufacturing process that is used to enhance the mechanical characteristics of critical components. The deformation that occurs at the tool and workpiece interface in finish machining significantly affects a host of component properties, commonly referred to as “surface integrity” properties. Surface roughness is a machining deformation-affected characteristic that is of high relevance in contemporary manufacturing. However, over recent decades it has been made clear that the material properties of the deformed surface layers are relevant to component performance as well. Predicting the overall surface quality of a machined component is of great relevance to the manufacturing industry.

Current state-of-the-art predictive models in the area of machining-induced surface integrity are typically founded in two-dimensional F.E.M. analysis. These investigations frequently show the advantages of tool geometry manipulation. However, most efforts focus solely on the prediction of two-dimensional surface integrity qualities such as those found in orthogonal machining. Indeed, most recent models largely ignore three-dimensional properties such as surface roughness, and do not incorporate three-dimensional machining parameters that are highly relevant to the surface integrity state of typical finished components. In light of these shortcomings, the nature of surface integrity in three-dimensional machining is explored, and a physics-based geometric model of surface generation is applied to some areas of surface integrity prediction.

The main focus of this work is to investigate and model the relationship between the more dominant parameters in finish turning (feed, nose radius, and edge geometry) and the surface generation phenomena that occur in the application of tools with varied geometries of this scope. The presented geometric model is derived from unique assumptions that allow for the close approximation of surface generation. The model is subsequently validated with experiments that utilize modified turning inserts of precise edge geometry, as well as pedigreed data from previous literature. Good agreement with experimental roughness results is obtained, thus verifying the validity of the surface generation assumptions. In addition, subsurface properties are found to correlate well with the geometry of ploughed areas predicted by the modeling methodology presented in this text.
description: © 2020 Ian S. Brown
Swift observations of SMC X-3 during its 2016-2017 super-Eddington outburst
Creators: name: Weng, Shan-Shan
name: Ge, Ming-Yu
name: Zhao, Hai-Hui
name: Wang, Wei
name: Zhang, Shuang-Nan
name: Bian, Wei-Hao
name: Yuan, Qi-Rong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Be X-ray pulsar, SMC X-3 underwent a giant outburst from 2016 August to 2017 March, which was monitored with the Swift satellite. During the outburst, its broadband flux increased dramatically, and the unabsorbed X-ray luminosity reached an extreme value of $\sim 10^{39}$ erg/s around August 24. Using the Swift/XRT data, we measure the observed pulse frequency of the neutron star to compute the orbital parameters of the binary system. After applying the orbital corrections to Swift observations, we find that the spin frequency increases steadily from 128.02 mHz on August 10 and approach to spin equilibrium $\sim 128.74$ mHz in 2017 January with an unabsorbed luminosity of $L_{\rm X} \sim 2\times10^{37}$ erg/s, indicating a strong dipolar magnetic field $B \sim 6.8\times10^{12}$ G at the neutron star surface. The spin-up rate is tightly correlated with its X-ray luminosity during the super-Eddington outburst. The pulse profile in the Swift/XRT data is variable, showing double peaks at the early stage of outburst and then merging into a single peak at low luminosity. Additionally, we report that a low temperature ($kT \sim 0.2$ keV) thermal component emerges in the phase-averaged spectra as the flux decays, and it may be produced from the outer truncated disk or the boundary layer between the exterior flow and the magnetosphere.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 2 table, conclusions unchanged, accepted for publication in ApJ
Black Holes: Eliminating Information or Illuminating New Physics?
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Sumanta
name: Lochan, Kinjalk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black holes, initially thought of as very interesting geometric constructions of nature, over time, have learnt to (often) come up with surprises and challenges. From the era of being described as merely some interesting and exotic solutions of \gr, they have, in modern times, really started to test our confidence in everything else, we thought we know about the nature. They have in this process, also earned a dreadsome reputation in some corners of theoretical physics. The most serious charge on the black holes is that they eat up information, never to release and subsequently erase it. This goes absolutely against the sacred principles of all other branches of fundamental sciences. This realization has shaken the very base of foundational concepts, both in quantum theory and gravity, which we always took for granted. Attempts to exorcise black holes of this charge, have led us to crossroads with concepts, hold dearly in quantum theory. The sphere of black hole's tussle with quantum theory has readily and steadily grown, from the advent of the Hawking radiation some four decades back, into domain of quantum information theory in modern times, most aptly, recently put in the form of the firewall puzzle. Do black holes really indicate something sinister about their existence or do they really take the lid off our comfort with ignoring the fundamental issues, our modern theories are seemingly plagued with? In this review, we focus on issues pertaining to black hole evaporation, the development of the information loss paradox, its recent formulation, the leading debates and promising directions in the community.
description: Published in Universe
On the stability of gradient descent with second order dynamics for time-varying cost functions
Creators: name: Gibson, Travis E.
name: Acharya, Sawal
name: Parashar, Anjali
name: Gaudio, Joseph E.
name: Annaswamy, Anurdha M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Gradient based optimization algorithms deployed in Machine Learning (ML) applications are often analyzed and compared by their convergence rates or regret bounds. While these rates and bounds convey valuable information they don't always directly translate to stability guarantees. Stability and similar concepts, like robustness, will become ever more important as we move towards deploying models in real-time and safety critical systems. In this work we build upon the results in Gaudio et al. 2021 and Moreu & Annaswamy 2022 for gradient descent with second order dynamics when applied to explicitly time varying cost functions and provide more general stability guarantees. These more general results can aid in the design and certification of these optimization schemes so as to help ensure safe and reliable deployment for real-time learning applications. We also hope that the techniques provided here will stimulate and cross-fertilize the analysis that occurs on the same algorithms from the online learning and stochastic optimization communities.
description: Final accepted version of TMLR paper. https://openreview.net/forum?id=HlzjI2fn2T
Prompt Gamma Ray Burst emission from gradual magnetic dissipation
Creators: name: Beniamini, Paz
name: Giannios, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We considered a model for the prompt phase of Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) emission arising from a magnetized jet undergoing gradual energy dissipation due to magnetic reconnection. The dissipated magnetic energy is translated to bulk kinetic energy and to acceleration of particles. The energy in these particles is released via synchrotron radiation as they gyrate around the strong magnetic fields in the jet. At small radii, the optical depth is large, and the radiation is reprocessed through Comptonization into a narrow, strongly peaked, component. At larger distances the optical depth becomes small and radiation escapes the jet with a non-thermal distribution. The obtained spectra typically peak around $\approx 300$keV (as observed) and with spectral indices below and above the peak that are, for a broad range of the model parameters, close to the observed values. The small radius of dissipation causes the emission to become self absorbed at a few keV and can sufficiently suppress the optical and X-ray fluxes within the limits required by observations (Beniamini & Piran 2014).
description: 11 pages, 5 figures. Published in MNRAS
Al and H incorporation and Al-diffusion in natural rutile and its high-pressure polymorph TiO2 (II)
Creators: name: Joachim-Mrosko, Bastian
name: Konzett, Jürgen
name: Ludwig, Thomas
name: Griffiths, Thomas
name: Habler, Gerlinde
name: Libowitzky, Eugen
name: Stalder, Roland
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary Material 5.
Cohen-Macaulayness and canonical module of residual intersections
Creators: name: Chardin, Marc
name: Naéliton, José
name: Tran, Quang Hoa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13C14, 13H10, 13D25, 13C40, 13D02, 13D45, 14M06, 14M10

description: We show the Cohen-Macaulayness and describe the canonical module of residual intersections $J=\mathfrak{a}\colon_R I$ in a Cohen-Macaulay local ring $R$, under sliding depth type hypotheses. For this purpose, we construct and study, using a recent article of Hassanzadeh and the second named author, a family of complexes that contains important informations on a residual intersection and its canonical module. We also determine several invariants of residual intersections as the graded canonical module, the Hilbert series, the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity and the type. Finally, whenever $I$ is strongly Cohen-Macaulay, we show duality results for residual intersections that are closely connected to results by Eisenbud and Ulrich. It establishes some tight relations between the Hilbert series of some symmetric powers of $I/\mathfrak{a}$. We also provide closed formulas for the types and for the Bass numbers of some symmetric powers of $I/\mathfrak{a}.$
description: 28 pages. Comments are welcome
Al and H incorporation and Al-diffusion in natural rutile and its high-pressure polymorph TiO2 (II)
Creators: name: Joachim-Mrosko, Bastian
name: Konzett, Jürgen
name: Ludwig, Thomas
name: Griffiths, Thomas
name: Habler, Gerlinde
name: Libowitzky, Eugen
name: Stalder, Roland
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary Material 3.
Al and H incorporation and Al-diffusion in natural rutile and its high-pressure polymorph TiO2 (II)
Creators: name: Joachim-Mrosko, Bastian
name: Konzett, Jürgen
name: Ludwig, Thomas
name: Griffiths, Thomas
name: Habler, Gerlinde
name: Libowitzky, Eugen
name: Stalder, Roland
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary Material 2.
title: Decision aid and cost compensation influence uptake of PSA-based early detection without affecting decisional conflict: a cluster randomised trial
Creators: name: Tiedje, Dorothee
name: Borowski, Matthias
name: Simbrich, Alexandra
name: Schlößler, Kathrin
name: Kruse, Klaus
name: Bothe, Christiane
name: Kuss, Katrin
name: Adarkwah-Yiadom, Charles Christian
name: Maisel, Peter
name: Jendyk, Ralf M.
name: Kurosinski, Marc-André
name: Gerß, Joachim
name: Tschuschke, Christian
name: Becker, Ralf
name: Roobol, Monique J.
name: Bangma, Chris H.
name: Hense, Hans‑Werner
name: Donner-Banzhoff, Norbert
name: Semjonow, Axel
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: International guidelines recommend to inform men about the benefits and harms of prostate specific antigen (PSA) based early detection of prostate cancer. This study investigates the influence of a transactional decision aid (DA) or cost compensation (CC) for a PSA test on the decisional behaviour of men. Prospective, cluster-randomised trial to compare two interventions in a 2 × 2 factorial design: DA versus counselling as usual, and CC versus noCC for PSA-testing. 90 cluster-randomised physicians in the administrative district of Muenster, Germany recruited 962 participants aged 55–69 yrs. in 2018. Primary endpoint: the influence of the DA and CC on the decisional conflict. Secondary endpoints: factors which altered the involvement of the men regarding their decision to take a PSA-test. The primary endpoint was analysed by a multivariate regression model. The choice to take the PSA test was increased by CC and reduced by the DA, the latter also reduced PSA uptake in men who were offered CC. The DA led to an increase of the median knowledge about early detection, changed willingness to perform a PSA test without increasing the level of shared decision, giving participants a stronger feeling of having made the decision by themselves. The DA did not alter the decisional conflict, as it was very low in all study groups. DA reduced and CC increased the PSA uptake. The DA seemed to have a greater impact on the participants than CC, as it led to fewer PSA tests even if CC was granted.
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley 2019-2022.
Dynamic Graph Unlearning: A General and Efficient Post-Processing Method via Gradient Transformation
Creators: name: Zhang, He
name: Wu, Bang
name: Yang, Xiangwen
name: Yuan, Xingliang
name: Liu, Xiaoning
name: Yi, Xun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dynamic graph neural networks (DGNNs) have emerged and been widely deployed in various web applications (e.g., Reddit) to serve users (e.g., personalized content delivery) due to their remarkable ability to learn from complex and dynamic user interaction data. Despite benefiting from high-quality services, users have raised privacy concerns, such as misuse of personal data (e.g., dynamic user-user/item interaction) for model training, requiring DGNNs to ``forget'' their data to meet AI governance laws (e.g., the ``right to be forgotten'' in GDPR). However, current static graph unlearning studies cannot \textit{unlearn dynamic graph elements} and exhibit limitations such as the model-specific design or reliance on pre-processing, which disenable their practicability in dynamic graph unlearning. To this end, we study the dynamic graph unlearning for the first time and propose an effective, efficient, general, and post-processing method to implement DGNN unlearning. Specifically, we first formulate dynamic graph unlearning in the context of continuous-time dynamic graphs, and then propose a method called Gradient Transformation that directly maps the unlearning request to the desired parameter update. Comprehensive evaluations on six real-world datasets and state-of-the-art DGNN backbones demonstrate its effectiveness (e.g., limited drop or obvious improvement in utility) and efficiency (e.g., 7.23$\times$ speed-up) advantages. Additionally, our method has the potential to handle future unlearning requests with significant performance gains (e.g., 32.59$\times$ speed-up).
description: Accepted by the 2025 ACM Web Conference (WWW)
Quantum sensing close to a dissipative phase transition: symmetry breaking and criticality as metrological resources
Creators: name: Fernández-Lorenzo, Samuel
name: Porras, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the performance of a single qubit-laser as a quantum sensor to measure the amplitude and phase of a driving field. By using parameter estimation theory we show that certain suitable field quadratures are optimal observables in the lasing phase. The quantum Fisher information scales linearly with the number of bosons and thus the precision can be enhanced by increasing the incoherent pumping acting on the qubit. If we restrict ourselves to measurements of the boson number observable, then the optimal operating point is the critical point of the lasing phase transition. Our results point out to an intimate connection between symmetry breaking, dissipative phase transitions and efficient parameter estimation.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. Comments are welcome
Network Slicing for 5G with SDN/NFV: Concepts, Architectures and Challenges
Creators: name: Ordonez-Lucena, Jose
name: Ameigeiras, Pablo
name: Lopez, Diego
name: Ramos-Munoz, Juan J.
name: Lorca, Javier
name: Folgueira, Jesus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The fifth generation of mobile communications is anticipated to open up innovation opportunities for new industries such as vertical markets. However, these verticals originate myriad use cases with diverging requirements that future 5G networks have to efficiently support. Network slicing may be a natural solution to simultaneously accommodate over a common network infrastructure the wide range of services that vertical-specific use cases will demand. In this article, we present the network slicing concept, with a particular focus on its application to 5G systems. We start by summarizing the key aspects that enable the realization of so-called network slices. Then, we give a brief overview on the SDN architecture proposed by the ONF and show that it provides tools to support slicing. We argue that although such architecture paves the way for network slicing implementation, it lacks some essential capabilities that can be supplied by NFV. Hence, we analyze a proposal from the ETSI to incorporate the capabilities of SDN into the NFV architecture. Additionally, we present an example scenario that combines SDN and NFV technologies to address the realization of network slices. Finally, we summarize the open research issues with the purpose of motivating new advances in this field.
A novel data envelopment analysis ranking based on a robust approach
Creators: name: Hladík, Milan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90B50 (Primary) 90C29, 90C31 (Secondary)

description: We propose a novel DEA ranking based on a robust optimization viewpoint: the higher ranking for those DMU's that remain efficient even for larger variations of data and vice versa. This ranking can be computed by solving generalized linear fractional programming problems, but we also present a tight linear programming approximation that preserves the order of rankings. We show some remarkable properties of our approach: It preserves the order of rankings compared to the classical approach. It is naturally normalized, so it can be used as universal ranking of DMU's of unrelated models. It gives ranking not only for inefficient, but also for efficient decision making units. It can also be easily extended to generalized model, for instance to deal with interval data. We present several examples confirming the desirable properties of the method.