cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bipolar Outflows out to 10~kpc for Massive Galaxies at Redshift $z\approx 1$
Creators: name: Guo, Yucheng
name: Bacon, Roland
name: Bouché, Nicolas F.
name: Wisotzki, Lutz
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Blaizot, Jérémy
name: Verhamme, Anne
name: Cantalupo, Sebastiano
name: Boogaard, Leindert A.
name: Brinchmann, Jarle
name: Cherrey, Maxime
name: Kusakabe, Haruka
name: Langan, Ivanna
name: Leclercq, Floriane
name: Matthee, Jorryt
name: Michel-Dansac, Léo
name: Schroetter, Ilane
name: Wendt, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galactic outflows are believed to play a critical role in the evolution of galaxies by regulating their mass build-up and star formation. Theoretical models assumes bipolar shapes for the outflows that extends well into the circumgalctic medium (CGM), up to tens of kpc perpendicular to the galaxies. They have been directly observed in the local Universe in several individual galaxies, e.g., around the Milky Way and M82. At higher redshifts, cosmological simulations of galaxy formation predict an increase in the frequency and efficiency of galactic outflows due to the increasing star formation activity. Outflows are responsible for removing potential fuel for star formation from the galaxy, while at the same enriching the CGM and the intergalactic medium. These feedback processes, although incorporated as key elements of cosmological simulations, are still poorly constrained on CGM scales. Here we present an ultra-deep MUSE image of the mean MgII emission surrounding a sample of galaxies at z~1 that strongly suggests the presence of outflowing gas on physical scales of more than 10kpc. We find a strong dependence of the detected signal on the inclination of the central galaxy, with edge-on galaxies clearly showing enhanced MgII emission along the minor axis, while face-on galaxies display much weaker and more isotropic emission. We interpret these findings as supporting the idea that outflows typically have a bipolar cone geometry perpendicular to the galactic disk. We demonstrate that the signal is not dominated by a few outliers. After dividing the galaxy sample in subsamples by mass, the bipolar emission is only detected in galaxies with stellar mass $\mathrm{M_* \gtrsim 10^{9.5} M_\odot}$.
description: published in Nature. 25 pages, 10 figures
Dynamics of postcritically bounded polynomial semigroups II: fiberwise dynamics and the Julia sets
Creators: name: Sumi, Hiroki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37F10, 37F60

description: We investigate the dynamics of semigroups generated by polynomial maps on the Riemann sphere such that the postcritical set in the complex plane is bounded. Moreover, we investigate the associated random dynamics of polynomials. Furthermore, we investigate the fiberwise dynamics of skew products related to polynomial semigroups with bounded planar postcritical set. Using uniform fiberwise quasiconformal surgery on a fiber bundle, we show that if the Julia set of such a semigroup is disconnected, then there exist families of uncountably many mutually disjoint quasicircles with uniform dilatation which are parameterized by the Cantor set, densely inside the Julia set of the semigroup. Moreover, we give a sufficient condition for a fiberwise Julia set $J_γ$ to satisfy that $J_γ$ is a Jordan curve but not a quasicircle, the unbounded component of the complement of $J_γ$ is a John domain and the bounded component of the complement of $J_γ$ is not a John domain. We show that under certain conditions, a random Julia set is almost surely a Jordan curve, but not a quasicircle. Many new phenomena of polynomial semigroups and random dynamics of polynomials that do not occur in the usual dynamics of polynomials are found and systematically investigated.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure. Published in J. London Math. Soc. (2) 88 (2013) 294--318. See also http://www.math.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp/~sumi/welcomeou-e.html
Examining the impact of GHG accounting principles
Creators: name: Gillenwater, Michael
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Clearly defined principles are essential elements of GHG accounting and reporting guidelines, protocols, and standards to address the unavoidable expert judgments that must be applied to address ambiguities in these documents. The IPCC guidelines identify transparency, accuracy, completeness, (time series) consistency, and comparability as its foundational data quality principles. The principles of conservativeness, relevance, and comparability see varied use across major GHG accounting references. These differences in principles, especially with respect to the principle of comparability, indicate there are underlying problems with many GHG accounting protocols and standards now heavily referenced and applied.
Additional file 1 of Alpha‐kinase1 promotes tubular injury and interstitial inflammation in diabetic nephropathy by canonical pyroptosis pathway
Creators: name: Cui, Xinyuan
name: Li, Yifu
name: Yuan, Shuguang
name: Huang, Yao
name: Chen, Xiaojun
name: Han, Yachun
name: Liu, Zhiwen
name: Li, Zheng
name: Xiao, Yang
name: Wang, Youliang
name: Sun, Lin
name: Liu, Hong
name: Zhu, Xuejing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Clinical characteristics.
Bichromatic Driving of a Solid State Cavity QED System
Creators: name: Papageorge, Alexander
name: Majumdar, Arka
name: Kim, Erik D.
name: Vuckovic, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bichromatic driving of a solid state cavity quantum electrodynamics system is used to probe cavity dressed state transitions and observe coherent interaction between the system and the light field. We theoretically demonstrate the higher order cavity-dressed states, supersplitting, and AC stark shift in a solid state system comprised of a quantum dot strongly coupled to a photonic crystal cavity for on- and far off-resonant cases. For the off-resonant case, phonons mediate off-resonant coupling between the quantum dot and the photonic resonator, a phenomenon unique to solid state cavity quantum electrodynamics.
description: 8 pages 6 figures
Nonlinear dynamics and emergent statistical regularity in classical Lennard-Jones three-body system upon disturbance
Creators: name: Yao, Zhenwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the deep connection of microscopic dynamics and statistical regularity yields insights into the foundation of statistical mechanics. In this work, based on the classical three-body system under the Lennard-Jones potential upon disturbance, we illustrated the elusive nonlinear dynamics in terms of the neat frequency-mixing processes, and revealed the emergent statistical regularity in speed distribution along a single particle trajectory. This work demonstrates the promising possibility of classical few-body models for exploring the fundamental questions on the interface of microscopic dynamics and statistical physics.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. The SI file is available at: https://ins.sjtu.edu.cn/people/zyao/
Defining Transportation Objectives: The Role of High Speed Ground Transportation
Creators: name: Morlok, Edward K.
name: Bruck, H.W.
name: Morlok, Edward K.
name: Bruck, H.W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1967
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 8th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Sept. 6-9, 1967, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
A decision-theoretic approach for segmental classification
Creators: name: Yau, Christopher
name: Holmes, Christopher C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper is concerned with statistical methods for the segmental classification of linear sequence data where the task is to segment and classify the data according to an underlying hidden discrete state sequence. Such analysis is commonplace in the empirical sciences including genomics, finance and speech processing. In particular, we are interested in answering the following question: given data $y$ and a statistical model $π(x,y)$ of the hidden states $x$, what should we report as the prediction $\hat{x}$ under the posterior distribution $π(x|y)$? That is, how should you make a prediction of the underlying states? We demonstrate that traditional approaches such as reporting the most probable state sequence or most probable set of marginal predictions can give undesirable classification artefacts and offer limited control over the properties of the prediction. We propose a decision theoretic approach using a novel class of Markov loss functions and report $\hat{x}$ via the principle of minimum expected loss (maximum expected utility). We demonstrate that the sequence of minimum expected loss under the Markov loss function can be enumerated exactly using dynamic programming methods and that it offers flexibility and performance improvements over existing techniques. The result is generic and applicable to any probabilistic model on a sequence, such as Hidden Markov models, change point or product partition models.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AOAS657 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Prospects for Solids Pipelining in Canada Today
Creators: name: Parkinson, F.E.
name: Eng., P.
name: Parkinson, F.E.
name: Eng., P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1967
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 8th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Sept. 6-9, 1967, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Contribution of cropland expansion to regional carbon stocks in an arid area of China: a case study in Xinjiang
Creators: name: Wang, Yuangang
name: Li, Chaofan
name: Ochege, Friday Uchenna
name: Han, Qifei
name: Hellwich, Olaf
name: Wu, Shixin
name: Luo, Geping
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: There has been an increasing number of studies on the potential effects of land-use change on the carbon (C) balance. However, few of these studies have focused on arid regions. Cropland in Xinjiang, a typical arid region in China, has expanded dramatically over the last 40 years. This study applied the Carbon Bookkeeping Model to estimate the changes in C stocks resulting from cropland expansion in Xinjiang from 1975 to 2015. The results showed that the area of cropland increased by a factor of ∼1.6. This increase was driven by advancements in agricultural technology and favorable agricultural policies. The increase in cropland area of 2.03 Mha (M = 106) was the result of the clearing of ∼4.09 Mha land for cropland and the conversion of 2.06 Mha cropland to other land cover types. The expansion in cropland resulted in substantial sequestration of C, with that in Xinjiang amounting to 94.24 Tg C (1Tg = 1012g), accounting for 1.4% of the regional C stocks. Land clearing for cropland (LCC) had the greatest contribution to C sequestration in Xinjiang. The rate of increase in C density through LCC was 0.61 Mg C ha−1a−1 and 1.54 Mg C ha−1a−1 from 1975 to 2004 and 2005 to 2015, respectively. C sequestration due to cropland loss (CLO) of 29.40 Tg C was attributed to the expansion of built-up land and afforestation. Sustainable agricultural activities represented by large-scale clearing for cropland were a major C sink in Xinjiang. Therefore, sustainable management of cropland is essential for maintaining a high C density and preventing loss of C to the atmosphere through cropland abandonment in the future.
Origins of scaling relations in nonequilibrium growth
Creators: name: Escudero, Carlos
name: Korutcheva, Elka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scaling and hyperscaling laws provide exact relations among critical exponents describing the behavior of a system at criticality. For nonequilibrium growth models with a conserved drift there exist few of them. One such relation is $α+z=4$, found to be inexact in a renormalization group calculation for several classical models in this field. Herein we focus on the two-dimensional case and show that it is possible to construct conserved surface growth equations for which the relation $α+z=4$ is exact in the renormalization group sense. We explain the presence of this scaling law in terms of the existence of geometric principles dominating the dynamics.
We don't need a better rat trap : reconceptualizing municipal rat management
Creators: name: Lee, Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Rats are an important urban issue. Despite the continual implementation of municipal management efforts, rats continue to flourish in cities, indicating that municipalities have not been able to find or widely implement solutions that are able to sustainably eliminate rat populations. There is no consensus why management efforts may have failed and there is limited research describing or comparing municipal rat management approaches. The objective of this thesis was to begin exploring the characteristics, strengths, weaknesses, barriers, and opportunities associated with the theory and practice of municipal rat management with a view towards providing recommendations for cities seeking to develop or improve their own rat management strategies. To achieve this objective, we triangulated four data sources, each comprising a different perspective of what the municipal rat problem and its solutions are. To gather this data, we traveled to seven cities with municipal rat management programs, interviewed program stakeholders, attended site visits with management programs, gathered rat-related municipal regulations, and synthesized the peer-reviewed and grey literature. We qualitatively analyzed these data sources in Chapters 2, 3, and 4 and found that municipal rat management has focused on reducing rat populations at as large a scale as possible using approaches that have changed little over the past century in terms of objectives, methods, and outcomes. In Chapter 5, we compare these data sources and conclude that this issue does not appear to be solvable because it is a wicked problem comprised of a complex system in which peoples’ perception of the problem depends upon their connection to rats in this system. As a result, the traditional rat-focused perspective does not account for the problems that people care about such that these approaches are likely to perpetually exist in a state of limited stakeholder and resource investment. We suggest that what is needed to move the field forward is to reconceptualize the problem to focus on managing the interfaces in which rats and people interact. We explore how this focus can change the way that cities approach rat management and outline strategies for identifying and addressing those interfaces.
Capsule Pipelining - A Challenge to Canadian Initiative
Creators: name: Ellis, H.S.
name: Liddle, R.T.
name: Ellis, H.S.
name: Liddle, R.T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1967
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 8th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Sept. 6-9, 1967, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
The Economic Prospects for Solid Pipelines in Lieu of New Rail Branch Line Construction
Creators: name: Sturgess, J.H.D.
name: Weldon, J.D.
name: Sturgess, J.H.D.
name: Weldon, J.D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1967
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 8th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Sept. 6-9, 1967, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Biomass and soil carbon stocks of the main land use of the Allada Plateau (Southern Benin)
Creators: name: Houssoukpèvi, Issiakou Alladé
name: Aholoukpè, Hervé Nonwègnon Sayimi
name: Fassinou, Demayi Jorès Mauryo
name: Rakotondrazafy, Murielle Nancy
name: Amadji, Guillaume Lucien
name: Chapuis-Lardy, Lydie
name: Chevallier, Tiphaine
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The inventory of the carbon (C) pools in Africa’s ecosystems is not well documented, although it is crucial to support climate mitigation policies. We quantified the C stocks in plant biomass, woody necromass, litter and soil (0–30 and 30–100 cm) for the five main land uses – forest, tree plantation, young and adult palm groves, croplands – of Ferralsols on the Allada plateau in southeast Benin. Forests have the highest total C stocks (389 ± 54 Mg C ha−1) compared with other land uses (222 ± 33, 154 ± 6, 105 ± 2, 77 ± 3 Mg C ha−1 in tree plantations, adult palm groves, young palm groves and croplands, respectively). The C stocks are higher in the biomass than in the soil (0–100 cm), e.g. in the forest, stocks were 279 ± 54 Mg C ha−1 in the biomass versus 83 ± 2 Mg C ha−1 in the soil. Differences of soil C stocks between land uses are low (≈ 28 Mg C ha−1) and concentrated in topsoils. The structure and species diversity of the forest partly explained the variability and the high C biomass compared to tree plantations. Type of forest and plantations is important to consider in conserving C stocks in landscapes.
The circumburst density profile around GRB progenitors: a statistical study
Creators: name: Schulze, S.
name: Klose, S.
name: Björnsson, G.
name: Jakobsson, P.
name: Kann, D. A.
name: Rossi, A.
name: Krühler, T.
name: Greiner, J.
name: Ferrero, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to our present understanding, long GRBs originate from the collapse of massive stars while short bursts are due to the coalescence of compact stellar objects. Since the afterglow evolution is determined by the circumburst density profile, n(r), traversed by the fireball, it can be used to distinguish between a so-called ISM profile, n(r) = const., and a free stellar wind, $n(r) \propto r^{-2}$. Our goal is to derive the most probable circumburst density profile for a large number of Swift-detected bursts using well-sampled afterglow light curves in the optical and X-ray bands. We combined all publicly available optical and Swift/X-ray afterglow data from June 2005 to September 2009 to find the best-sampled late-time afterglow light curves. After applying several selection criteria, our final sample consists of 27 bursts, including one short burst. The afterglow evolution was then studied within the framework of the fireball model. We find that the majority (18) of the 27 afterglow light curves are compatible with a constant density medium (ISM case). Only 6 of the 27 afterglows show evidence for a wind profile at late times. In particular, we set upper limits on the wind termination-shock radius, $R_T$, for GRB fireballs which are propagating into an ISM profile and lower limits on $R_T$ for those which were found to propagate through a wind medium. Observational evidence for ISM profiles dominates in GRB afterglow studies, implying that most GRB progenitors might have relatively small wind termination-shock radii. A smaller group of progenitors, however, seems to be characterised by notably more extended wind regions.
description: A&A, accepted (Oct 26, 2010); 20 pages in journal format; 6 pages main text, 13 pages Appendix, 1 page references, 6 tables and 2 figures; included comments by the referee and language editor; removed grey colouring of the tables
Normal surfaces as combinatorial slicings
Creators: name: Spreer, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57Q15, 57M20

description: We investigate slicings of combinatorial manifolds as properly embedded co-dimension 1 submanifolds. A focus is given to dimension 3 where slicings are normal surfaces. In the case of 2-neighborly 3-manifolds and quadrangulated slicings, a lower bound on the number of quadrilaterals of normal surfaces depending on the genus g is presented. It is shown to be sharp for infinitely many values of g. Furthermore we classify slicings of combinatorial 3-manifolds with a maximum number of edges in the slicing.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
Allometric scaling, biomass accumulation and carbon stocks in natural highland bamboo (Oldeania alpina (K. Schum.) Stapleton) stands in Southwestern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Yebeyen, Dagnew
name: Nemomissa, Sileshi
name: Sileshi, Gudeta W.
name: Zewdie, Worku
name: Hailu, Binyam T.
name: Rodríguez, Rosana López
name: Desalegne, Fikremariam H.
name: Woldie, Tefera M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Bamboos provide a number of ecosystem services, including the provision of a permanent carbon (C) sink. The present study was undertaken in the Sheka forest, currently recognized as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve. The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop species- and site-specific allometric models for biomass estimation and (2) quantify the carbon storage capacity of highland bamboo stands. A total of 12 plots each measuring 10 m x 10 m were established at a distance of 200 m in the forest. 96 culms were harvested for the development of biomass estimation equations. Litter samples were collected in 1 m x 1 m subplots, while soil samples were collected at 0–10, 10–20, 20–40, and 40–60 cm soil depths for determination of soil organic carbon (SOC) contents. The estimated mean DBH, basal area and plant height were 7.0 cm, 53.2 m2 ha−1 and 12.9 m, respectively. The study has established allometric scaling of plant height with stem diameter in highland bamboo. It has also established that the allometric model is superior to commonly used non-linear H-DBH models. Aboveground biomass was estimated at 93 Mg ha−1 with mean C stocks of 43.7 Mg ha−1. The estimated below-ground biomass was 18.6 Mg ha−1 with C stocks of 8.7 Mg ha−1. The C stocks in the litter layer were estimated at 1.57 Mg ha−1. Average soil C storage was estimated at 388.12 Mg ha−1 within the 0–60 cm soil depth. In total, the natural highland bamboo stands store approximately 442.1 Mg C ha−1. The estimated C stocks were comparable with values reported for bamboos in Ethiopia and elsewhere. It is concluded that natural highland bamboo stands play a significant role as carbon sinks. The insights gained in this study are expected to be applicable to Afromontane ecosystems where highland bamboo occurs in Africa. Highland bamboo (Oldeania alpina) is a conspicuous element of Afromontane vegetation in Africa We developed models for estimating biomass carbon (C) stocks in highland bamboo stands We estimated biomass C stock of highland bamboo stands at 52.5 Mg ha−1 and litter C at 1.6 Mg ha−1 Soil organic C stock of highland bamboo stands was 388.1 Mg ha−1 Total system C in highland bamboo stands was over 442 Mg ha−1
Structural, dielectric and energy storage properties of BaO-Na2O-Nb2O5-P2O5 glass-ceramic
Creators: name: Ihyadn, Abderrahim
name: Lahmar, Abdelilah
name: Lukyanchuk, Igor
name: Mezzane, Daoud
name: bih, Lahcen
name: Alimoussa, Abdelhadi
name: Amjoud, Mbarek
name: Marssi, Mimoun El
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A series of (1-x)[(2BaO-0,5Na2O)-1P2O5] -xNb2O5 (BNPN, x=0,41, 0,43, 0,45, 0,48) glass-ceramics based on phosphate glasses have been prepared via a controlled-crystallization route. The structure, dielectric properties, interfacial polarization, and energy storage properties were systematically investigated. The x-ray diffraction results showed the simultaneous presence of Ba2NaNb5O15 tungsten bronze structure (TTB) and the NaNbO3 perovskite. A stable dielectric constant over a temperature range from 25-200°C, low dielectric losses less than 0,03, and excellent frequency stability at room temperature were obtained. The decrease in niobium content promoted TTB crystallization with the improvement of the high dielectric properties of the system. The optimum of the dielectric constant and recoverable energy storage density were obtained for BNP41 crystallized at 1000°C. Analyses of the complex impedance indicated that the niobium content and crystallization temperature affect the interfacial polarization.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables
Generalization of Gibbs Entropy and Thermodynamic Relation
Creators: name: Park, Jun Chul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we extend Gibbs's approach of quasi-equilibrium thermodynamic processes, and calculate the microscopic expression of entropy for general non-equilibrium thermodynamic processes. Also, we analyze the formal structure of thermodynamic relation in non-equilibrium thermodynamic processes.
description: Final version published in Physica A; typos are corrected (the scientific contents are not changed)
Quantification of economically feasible mitigation potential from agriculture, forestry and other land uses in Mexico
Creators: name: Sapkota, Tek B.
name: Dittmer, Kyle M.
name: Ortiz-Monasterio, Ivan
name: Mathivanan, Gokul Prasad
name: Sonder, Kai
name: Leyva, Juan Carlos
name: Garcia, Miguel Angel
name: Monroy, Diana Ysimoto
name: Shelton, Sadie
name: Wollenberg, Eva
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Countries often lack methods for rapidly, but robustly determining greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation actions and their impacts comprehensively in the land use sector to support commitments to the Paris Agreement. We present rapid assessment methods based on easily available spatial data and adoption costs for mitigation related to crops, livestock and forestry to identify priority locations and actions. Applying the methods for the case of Mexico, we found a national mitigation potential of 87.88 million tons (Mt) CO2eq yr−1, comprising 7.91, 7.66 and 72.31 Mt CO2eq yr−1 from crops, livestock and forestry/agro-forestry, respectively. At the state level, mitigation potentials were highest in Chiapas (13 Mt CO2eq) followed by Campeche (8 Mt CO2eq). Eleven states had a land use mitigation potential between 2.5 to 6.5 Mt CO2eq, while other states had mitigation potentials of less than 2 Mt CO2eq. Mitigation options for crops and livestock could reduce 60% and 6% of the respective emissions. Mitigation options for forestry could reduce emissions by half. If properly implemented, mitigation potentials on cropland can be realized with net benefits, compared to livestock and forestry options, which involve net costs. The method supports science-based priority setting of mitigation actions by location and subsector and should help inform future policy and implementation of countries’ nationally determined contributions.
Essays in empirical Economics
Creators: name: Ma, Qian Li
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: The first chapter studies the long run effect of student grants and loans in Canada. Using linked administrative data and a regression discontinuity research design, I find that the Canada Student Grant for those from Low-Income Families (CSG-LI) increased university students’ 8-year cumulative employment income by 4.8% to 9.4%, and the results are robust to the optimal bandwidth and different weighting kernels. This pattern is not found for recipients of the Canada Student Grant from Middle-Income Families (CSG-MI). The grants do not affect students while they are in school — this is consistent with the fact that the grants replace interest-free loans. Rather, the difference in income is observable four years after enrolment once most students have entered the labor market. I find some evidence that the grants affect career choice: CSG-LI recipients are more likely to avoid low-paying industries. The second chapter assesses the phenomenon of decrease in resale prices of top-floor units of residential buildings. High indoor temperature of top-floor units may explain this phenomenon because top-floor residents own/use cooling appliances, such as air conditioners or fans, more than the residents on other floors, and the magnitude of top-floor discounts increases in regions with higher air temperatures. In the third chapter, I study the impact of the tax change on restaurant expenditure using an exogenous tax increase between July 2010 and April 2013 in British Columbia, Canada. Dining in restaurants can be easily substituted by home production, but consumers are heterogeneous because they have different elasticities of substitution because of different marginal cost of forgone labor and leisure. I find that restaurant expenditure was reduced by 4.0% to 7.7% when tax was increased, but the elimination of the tax did not bring back the pre-tax equilibrium. Furthermore, the amount of expenditure reduction is heterogeneous. The retired and the single were hit more by the tax increase. Both groups are arguably more leisure abundant.
Cohomological localization of Chern-Simons theory
Creators: name: Kallen, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the framework introduced by Kapustin et al. for doing path integral localization in Chern-Simons theory to work on any Seifert manifold. This is done by topologically twisting the supersymmetric theory considered by Kapustin et al., after which the theory takes a cohomological form. We also consider Wilson loops which wrap the fiber directions and compute their expectation values. We discuss the relation with other approaches to exact path integral calculations in Chern-Simons theory.
description: 36 pages; v2: minor corrections, matches the version published in JHEP
Additional file 1 of A Bayesian network model for prediction of low or failed fertilization in assisted reproductive technology based on a large clinical real-world data
Creators: name: Tian, Tian
name: Kong, Fei
name: Yang, Rui
name: Long, Xiaoyu
name: Chen, Lixue
name: Li, Ming
name: Li, Qin
name: Hao, Yongxiu
name: He, Yangbo
name: Zhang, Yunjun
name: Li, Rong
name: Wang, Yuanyuan
name: Qiao, Jie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The information of involved variables. Table S2. Predictor selection. Table S3. Comparison between included and excluded data. Figure S1. Bayesian Network model based on all predictors. Figure S2. Tenfold ten-cross validation.
Numerical NLO QCD calculations
Creators: name: Becker, Sebastian
name: Reuschle, Christian
name: Weinzierl, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an algorithm for the numerical calculation of one-loop QCD amplitudes. The algorithm consists of subtraction terms, approximating the soft, collinear and ultraviolet divergences of one-loop amplitudes and a method to deform the integration contour for the loop integration into the complex space. The algorithm is formulated at the amplitude level and does not rely on Feynman graphs. Therefore all required ingredients can be calculated efficiently using recurrence relations. The algorithm applies to massless partons as well as to massive partons.
description: 62 pages, version to be published
Evaluation of projected carbon accumulation after implementing different forest management treatments in mixed-species stands in northern Maine
Creators: name: Puhlick, Joshua J.
name: Weiskittel, Aaron R.
name: Fernandez, Ivan J.
name: Solarik, Kevin A.
name: Sleep, Darren J. H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Comparing forest and harvested wood product carbon (C) stocks and accumulation among forest management treatments commonly applied in managed forests is needed to inform planning and policy decisions for C objectives. Therefore, pre- and post-harvest C stocks were quantified and C accumulation was projected over a 31-year period (to ∼2050) among forest management treatments that were applied on a subset (n = 3) of the Maine Adaptive Silviculture Network installations in northern Maine, USA. These installations included mature, second-growth forests composed of northern hardwood and hardwood-dominated mixedwood stands. Before treatments were initiated, average aboveground live tree C stocks ranged from 67.1 to 99.7 Mg ha−1. For the aboveground portions of live trees, dead wood and harvested wood products, the projected average annual net change in C (AAC) was 0.232 ± 1.164 Mg ha−1 year−1 (mean ± standard deviation). Models of projected AAC indicated that less biomass removal during harvests and greater representation of tree species with low tolerance of shade were associated with positive AAC values. The results emphasize the importance of leveraging multiple harvesting strategies to achieve C objectives, including consideration of forest reserves and using targeted yet operationally feasible silvicultural treatments that promote forest resilience relative to climate change.
Economic Considerations for Intercity High Speed Ground Transport Systems
Creators: name: Brandes, Ely M.
name: Lazar, Alan E.
name: Brandes, Ely M.
name: Lazar, Alan E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1967
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 8th Transportation Research Forum meeting, Sept. 6-9, 1967, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Generalized nonuniform dichotomies and local stable manifolds
Creators: name: Bento, António J. G.
name: Silva, César M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37D10, 34D09, 37D25

description: We establish the existence of local stable manifolds for semiflows generated by nonlinear perturbations of nonautonomous ordinary linear differential equations in Banach spaces, assuming the existence of a general type of nonuniform dichotomy for the evolution operator that contains the nonuniform exponential and polynomial dichotomies as a very particular case. The family of dichotomies considered allow situations for which the classical Lyapunov exponents are zero. Additionally, we give new examples of application of our stable manifold theorem and study the behavior of the dynamics under perturbations.
description: 18 pages. New version with minor corrections and an additional theorem and an additional example
HI Galaxy Signatures in the SARAO MeerKAT Galactic Plane Survey -- II. The Local Void and its substructure
Creators: name: Kurapati, Sushma
name: Kraan-Korteweg, Renée C.
name: Pisano, D. J.
name: Chen, Hao
name: Rajohnson, Sambatriniaina H. A.
name: Steyn, Nadia
name: Frank, Bradley
name: Serra, Paolo
name: Goedhart, Sharmila
name: Camilo, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Local Void is one of the nearest large voids, located at a distance of 23 Mpc. It lies largely behind the Galactic Bulge and is therefore extremely difficult to observe. We use HI 21 cm emission observations from the SARAO MeerKAT Galactic Plane Survey (SMGPS) to study the Local Void and its surroundings over the Galactic longitude range 329$^{\circ}< \ell <$ 55$^{\circ}$, Galactic latitude $|b| <$ 1.5$^{\circ}$, and redshift $cz <$ 7500 km/s. We have detected 291 galaxies to median rms sensitivity of 0.44 mJy per beam per 44 km/s channel. We find 17 galaxies deep inside the Void, 96 at the border of the Void, while the remaining 178 galaxies are in average density environments. The extent of the Void is ~ 58 Mpc. It is severely under-dense for the longitude range 350$^{\circ}< \ell <$ 35$^{\circ}$ up to redshift $z <$ 4500 km/s. The galaxies in the Void tend to have \HI masses that are lower (by approximately 0.25 dex) than their average density counterparts. We find several potential candidates for small groups of galaxies, of which two groups (with 3 members and 5 members) in the Void show signs of filamentary substructure within the Void.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 16 pages, 14 figures, Supplementary data are available online at MNRAS
title: The Homo Economicus Under Experimental Attack
Creators: name: Schlicht, Ekkehart
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2020

description: For non-economists, it is often difficult to understand why economists place so much emphasis on the self-interest motive. It is obvious that people act out of a variety of motives - gratitude, anger, social obligation and many, many other motives. There are several reasons why economists still put the self-interest motive in the foreground. Three points of view seem particularly important: - homo economicus as a useful approximation - homo economicus as an ideal type - homo oeconomicus as as-if construction These justifications for the self-interest or homo-economicus assumption are briefly characterized.. It is explained why these justifications cannot be empirically disproved. Only their relevance can be questioned. Subsequently, the evolutionary point of view that underlies the as-if defense of homo economicus is radicalized and it is argued that it is appropriate to approach norm formation theoretically and experimentally from a psychological point of view.
Controllability on relaxation-free subspaces: On the relationship between adiabatic population transfer and optimal control
Creators: name: Yuan, Haidong
name: Koch, Christiane
name: Salamon, Peter
name: Tannor, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the optimal control problem of transferring population between states of a quantum system where the coupling proceeds only via intermediate states that are subject to decay. We pose the question whether it is generally possible to carry out this transfer. For a single intermediate decaying state, we recover the Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage (STIRAP) process which we identify as the global optimum in the limit of infinite control time. We also present analytic solutions for the case of transfer that has to proceed via two consecutive intermediate decaying states. We show that in this case, for finite power the optimal control does not approach perfect state transfer even in the infinite time limit. We generalize our findings to characterize the topologies of paths that can be achieved by coherent control under the assumption of finite power.
description: 12 pages
What makes an operational farm soil carbon code? Insights from a global comparison of existing soil carbon codes using a structured analytical framework
Creators: name: Black, Helaina I. J.
name: Reed, Mark S.
name: Kendall, Helen
name: Parkhurst, Robert
name: Cannon, Nicola
name: Chapman, Pippa J.
name: Orman, Matthew
name: Phelps, Jenny
name: Rudman, Hannah
name: Whaley, Sarah
name: Yeluripati, Jagadeesh
name: Ziv, Guy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Soils have the potential to sequester and store significant amounts of carbon, contributing towards climate change mitigation. Soil carbon markets are emerging to pay farmers for management changes that absorb atmospheric carbon, governed by codes that ensure eligibility, additionality and permanence whilst protecting against leakage and reversals. This paper presents the first global comparative analysis of farmland soil carbon codes, providing new insights into the range of approaches governing this global marketplace. To do this, the paper developed an analytical framework for the systematic comparison of codes which was used to identify commonalities and differences in approaches, methods, administration, commercialisation and operations for 12 publicly available codes from around the world. Codes used a range of mechanisms to manage additionality, uncertainty and risks, baselines, measurement, reporting and verification, auditing, resale of carbon units, bundling and stacking, stakeholder engagement and market integrity. The paper concludes by discussing existing approaches and codes that could be adapted for use in the UK and evaluates the need for an over-arching standard for soil carbon codes in the UK and internationally, to which existing codes and other schemes already generating soil carbon credits could be assessed and benchmarked.
SAÚDE DA MULHER: PAPEL DO ENFERMEIRO JUNTO À COMUNIDADE PARA O COMBATE A VIOLÊNCIA OBSTÉTRICA
Creators: name: Nathalia Ferreira De Vasconcelos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: A violência obstétrica, uma forma de abuso durante o atendimento à gestante, impacta negativamente a experiência das mulheres, afetando tanto a saúde física quanto emocional. Baseando-nos em autores como Gomes et al. (2014), Júnior et al. (2015), Mariani e Neto (2016), e Pereira et al. (2016), este trabalho realizou uma Revisão Narrativa com 15 artigos, publicados entre 2020 e 2023 em português, com o objetivo de identificar como tem sido discutida, nas produções científicas atuais o papel do enfermeiro contra a violência obstétrica. A análise destaca a ligação da violência obstétrica a fatores sociais e enfatiza a importância do enfermeiro na assistência às gestantes. Conclui-se que a formação adequada desses profissionais, compreendendo a fisiologia do parto, adotando práticas centradas na mulher e desenvolvendo habilidades de comunicação, é crucial para garantir uma experiência de parto respeitosa e segura.
Holography of Charged Black Holes with $RF^2$ Corrections
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Pang, Da-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate several holographic properties of charged black holes with $RF^{2}$ corrections, which originate from Kaluza-Klein reductions of five-dimensional Gauss-Bonnet gravity. We obtain the perturbative solution and discuss its thermodynamics. The DC conductivity is calculated via the effective action approach and the corrections to the DC conductivity are also evaluated. Moreover, we calculate the shear viscosity $η$ and thermal conductivity $κ_{T}$, as well as two interesting ratios $η/s$ and $κ_{T}μ^{2}/(ηT)$. We find that both bounds conjectured in the literatures can be violated in the presence of the higher order corrections $RF^2$.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures, accepted by PRD
Hochschild (co)homology of the Dunkl operator quantization of $\Z_2$-singularity
Creators: name: Ramadoss, Ajay
name: Tang, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D55, 58J22, 20C08

description: We study Hochschild (co)homology groups of the Dunkl operator quantization of $\Z_2$-singularity constructed by Halbout and Tang. Further, we study traces on this algebra and prove a local algebraic index formula.
description: 26 pages. Comments and suggestions welcome. Some typos and other minor mistakes corrected
An Extension of the Non-Inferior Set Estimation Algorithm for Many Objectives
Creators: name: Raimundo, Marcos M.
name: Von Zuben, Fernando J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C29

description: This work proposes a novel multi-objective optimization approach that globally finds a representative non-inferior set of solutions, also known as Pareto-optimal solutions, by automatically formulating and solving a sequence of weighted sum method scalarization problems. The approach is called MONISE (Many-Objective NISE) because it represents an extension of the well-known non-inferior set estimation (NISE) algorithm, which was originally conceived to deal with two-dimensional objective spaces. The proposal is endowed with the following characteristics: (1) uses a mixed-integer linear programming formulation to operate in two or more dimensions, thus properly supporting many (i.e., three or more) objectives; (2) relies on an external algorithm to solve the weighted sum method scalarization problem to optimality; and (3) creates a faithful representation of the Pareto frontier in the case of convex problems, and a useful approximation of it in the non-convex case. Moreover, when dealing specifically with two objectives, some additional properties are portrayed for the estimated non-inferior set. Experimental results validate the proposal and indicate that MONISE is competitive, in convex and non-convex (combinatorial) problems, both in terms of computational cost and the overall quality of the non-inferior set, measured by the acquired hypervolume.