Eulemur collaris
Creators: name: Russell A. Mittermeier
name: Anthony B. Rylands
name: Don E. Wilson
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Lemuridae
Eulemur
Eulemur collaris

description: 14.
Red-collared Brown Lemur
Eulemur collaris
French: Lémur a collier roux / German: Rotwangen-Halsbandmaki / Spanish: Lémur pardo de collar
Other common names: Collared Brown Lemur, Red-collared Lemur
Taxonomy. Lemur collaris E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1812,
Madagascar.
Although externally very similar, genetic analyses supportfull speciesstatus for both E. cinereiceps and E. collaris. Monotypic.
Distribution. SE Madagascar, from the Mananara River S to the limits of the rainforest near Tolagnaro (= Fort-Dauphin), W limits of the distribution are forests in the Kalambatritra region; the Mananara River serves as a boundary between this species and the White-collared Brown Lemur (FE. cinereiceps), except for isolated populations at Midongy du Sud National Park and Vohipaho, near Vangaindrano.
Descriptive notes. Head-body 39-40 cm,tail 50-55 cm; weight 2-2 kg. The Red-collared Brown Lemuris a large, sexually dichromatic species. In males, the dorsal coat is brownishgray, the tail is darker, and there is a dark stripe running down the length of the spine. The ventral coat is a paler gray, and the muzzle, face, and crown are dark gray to black. The creamy to rufous-brown cheeks and beard are thick and bushy, while the creamy to gray-colored eyebrow patches vary in their prominence. Females have a dorsal coat that is browner or more rufous than that of males, with a pale creamy-gray ventral side and a grayish face and head. Cheek ruffs of females are rufous-brown and far less developed than those of males. Female Red-collared Brown Lemurs are virtually indistinguishable from female White-collared Brown Lemur. Eyes of both sexes are orange-red.
Habitat. Primary and secondary tropical moist lowland and montane forest.
Food and Feeding. The Red-collared Brown Lemur is largely frugivorous throughout the year in the littoral forest of Sainte Luce, with 74% of its diet being ripe fruits and 4-5% unripe fruits. Other food items are flowers (14%), leaves (3% young and 1-2% mature leaves), invertebrates (3%), and miscellaneous items (0-7%). In a year-long study, Red-collared Brown Lemurs exploited food items from 120 plant species in 45 families. Thirty-five plant species were visited only diurnally and 21 species only at night.
Breeding. There is no information available for this species.
Activity patterns. The Red-collared Brown Lemur is cathemeral and arboreal. It is active day and night throughout the year, with higher nocturnal activity in winter and higher diurnal activity in summer. Activity of the Red-collared Brown Lemur seems to vary with photoperiod and nocturnal ambient luminosity.
Movements, Home range and Social organization. Very little information has been published regarding the natural history of the Red-collared Brown Lemur. Social groups tend to be multimale-multifemale and contain 2-17 individuals. Female dominance has not been observed. Density has been estimated at 14 ind/km?*.
Status and Conservation. CITES Appendix I. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. However, at the IUCN/SSC Lemur Red-Listing Workshop held in July 2012, E. collaris was assessed as endangered. The Red-collared Brown Lemur is threatened mainly by habitat loss from slash-and-burn agriculture and charcoal production, hunting for food, and capture to supply the local pet trade. Protected areas where it occurs include two national parks (Andohahela and Midongy du Sud), Kalambatritra Special Reserve, and Mandena Conservation Zone, east of Tolagnaro. An introduced population occurs in the Sainte-Luce Reserve, and there is an introduced population of E. collars x E. rufifrons hybrids in the Berenty Reserve.
Bibliography. Bollen et al. (2004), Djletati et al. (1997), Donati (2002), Donati & Borgognini-Tarli (2006), Donati, Kesch et al. (2011), Donati, Ramanamanjato et al. (2007), Harcourt & Thornback (1990), Irwin et al. (2001, 2005), Mittermeier, Langrand et al. (2010), Mittermeier, Tattersall et al. (1994), Nicoll & Langrand (1989), Petter & Petter-Rousseaux (1979), Petter et al. (1977), Raharivololona & Ranaivosoa (2000), Tattersall (1982, 1982b), Wright & Porter (2004), Wyner, Absher et al. (1999).
description: Published as part of Russell A. Mittermeier, Anthony B. Rylands & Don E. Wilson, 2013, Lemuridae, pp. 90-141 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 3 Primates, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 136, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6638668