Ulmeritoides tamoio Souto, Da-Silva, Nessimian & Gonçalves, 2016, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Souto, Paula Malaquias
name: Da-Silva, Elidiomar Ribeiro
name: Nessimian, Jorge Luiz
name: Gonçalves, Inês Corrêa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Ephemeroptera
Leptophlebiidae
Ulmeritoides
Ulmeritoides tamoio

description: Ulmeritoides tamoio sp. nov.
(Figures 3–4, 10–14, 19)
Material examined. HOLOTYPE: BRAZIL, São Paulo, Ubatuba, Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, Núcleo Picinguaba, Rio da Fazenda, 23°20’16.70”S, 44°50’10.90”W, 28.IV.2013, Souto, P.M. leg., 1 male imago (DZRJ 2376). 11 PARATYPES: same data as holotype, 1 male imago and 1 male subimago (DZRJ 2409); Rio de Janeiro, Serra da Bocaina, Paraty, Sertão do Taquari, Rio Taquari, 23°02’30.10”S, 44°41’35.30”W, 13.X.2012, Souto, P.M. & Gonçalves, R.S. leg., 1 male imago (DZRJ 2408); same data, 4 male imagos (DZRJ 2377–2378, 2380), 1 female imago (DZRJ 2379), 3 male subimagos (DZRJ 2381).
Holotype male imago (in alcohol, genitalia on slide). Length of body: 8.0 mm; forewings: 8.4 mm; hind wings: 1.1 mm. General color brown. Forewings with costal and subcostal areas tinged with light brown; veins light brown.
Head (Figs 3–4): brown, shaded with black. Upper portion of eyes light brown, lower portion black. Ocelli white, surrounded with brown and black. Antennae with scape and pedicel brown shaded with dark brown, flagella light brown.
Thorax (Figs 3–4): nota orange-brownish shaded with black; sutures light brown; sclerites with darker margin; yellowish pleura; sterna brown shaded with black.
Wings (Figs 10–12): hyaline, with coastal and subcoastal areas tinged with light brown; base brown. Forewings with longitudinal veins light brown, cross-veins yellowish; 7 cross-veins basal to bullae; brownish spots on bullae of veins Sc and R2; distal half of membrane, between C and R1, whitish. Hindwings with veins C, Sc, R and their cross-veins yellowish; other longitudinal and cross-veins hyaline.
Legs: legs I brown, with apex of tibiae and tarsi lighter; tarsal claws light brown. Legs II yellowish; femora with median brown maculae; tibiae with brown apex; tarsi white shaded with brown; tarsal claws light brown. Legs III yellowish; femora with brown maculae on basal half and apex brown; tibiae yellowish; tarsi white weakly tinged with brown; tarsal claws light brown.
Abdomen (Figs. 3–4): terga I–X brown shaded with dark brown, with posterior margins darker; median line dark brown. Sterna brown shaded with dark brown.
Genitalia (Figs. 13–14): styliger plate, penis and forceps light brown, shaded with dark brown. Basal broad region of forceps almost 1/4 length of segment I and with crenulations on inner margin. Apex of penis lobes concave, ending in rather acute apical and mesal projections. [Caudal filaments broken off and lost. Only the bases of caudal filaments are present in one of the paratypes]
Variations in the paratypes. There is a variation in the overall color tone of the body, some paratypes being darker, which may be related to the time delay in fixing specimens in alcohol.
Male subimago. Similar to imago, except the wings, which have dark grey membrane, even darker in the living specimen.
Female imago. Length of body: 9.0 mm; forewings: 10.1 mm.; hind wings: 2.0 mm. General color brown. Wings hyaline with brown veins.
Head: similar to male imago.
Thorax: orange-brownish shaded with darker brown; pleura yellowish; sterna light brown, shaded with darker brown on margin.
Wings: wings with membrane hyaline, except coastal and subcoastal areas light brown; base tinged with dark brown. Forewings with longitudinal and cross-veins brown; 7 cross-veins basal to bullae; brownish spots on bullae of veins Sc and R2. Hind wings with veins C, Sc, R and their cross-veins light brown; other longitudinal and crossveins yellowish.
Legs: leg I similar to male, only darker and shorter. Legs II and III similar to male.
Abdomen: terga I–X brown, shaded with dark brown; with posterior line lighter; median line dark brown. Terga I–V darker than others. Sterna brown, shaded with dark brown, with median line lighter. Apex of sternum X with U-shaped cleft. Caudal filaments lost.
Egg (Fig. 19): yellow. Egg mass spherical, eggs elliptical in shape. Attachment structures as sucker-like discs or plates and fiber-coil.
Female subimago. Not collected. Observed alive just before molting to imago. Wings dark grey.
Nymph. Unknown.
Biology. The swarm is composed by few individuals and, as observed in the field, occurs in a short period of the year, reinforcing that species of this genus are not common and have small populations (Domínguez et al., 2006). The specimens were collected during the summer. The adults were collected at light traps in late evening and remain flying from 23:00 to 02:00. Ulmeritoides tamoio sp. nov. occurs together with Thraulodes jones Gonçalves, Da-Silva & Nessimian, 2010, however the new species remains flying for longer.
Etymology. tamoio, from the tupi word “tamyîa” (or “tamuîa”) meaning “ancestor” or “grandfather”. In honor to the Tamoyo Confederation, an alliance led by the tupinambás indigenous people with the guaitacás and aimorés, against the Portuguese colonizers, between the years 1556 and 1567. The confederation occupied the area of the southeastern coast of Brazil, including Ubatuba (São Paulo), the type locality of this new species. Name in apposition.
Remarks. Ulmeritoides tamoio sp. nov. can be separated from the other species of the genus according to the following combination of characters: (1) Forewings with costal and subcostal areas tinged with light brown; (2) forewings with veins C, Sc and R1 brownish; (3) 7 cross-veins basal do bullae (Fig. 10); (4) forewings with brownish spots on bullae of veins Sc, R2 and R4 +5 (Fig. 10); (5) basal broad region of forceps almost 1/4 length of segment I (Fig. 13); (6) abdominal color pattern as in Figures 3 and 4; (7) apex of penis lobes slightly concave, ending in rather acute apical and mesal projections (Figs 13–14).
This species keys out to U. huitoto Domínguez & Zuñiga, 2003 in Salles & Domínguez (2012). However, the new species can be easily distinguished by the color of the abdomen, penis structure and brownish spots on bullae of the forewings.
description: Published as part of Souto, Paula Malaquias, Da-Silva, Elidiomar Ribeiro, Nessimian, Jorge Luiz & Gonçalves, Inês Corrêa, 2016, Two new species of Ulmeritoides Traver (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from Southeastern Brazil, pp. 127-136 in Zootaxa 4078 (1) on pages 132-135, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4078.1.11, http://zenodo.org/record/263491