cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mecklenburg County Healthy Vending Initiative Charlotte, North Carolina
Creators: name: Mack, Beth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: America is in the midst of an obesity epidemic: 65% of adults are overweight or obese. In addition, nearly 1/3 of children are overweight (18.2%) or obese (16.4%). As of 2010, over 65.5% of Mecklenburg County Residents are overweight or obese, and 17% of Mecklenburg children and adolescents are overweight and 18.6% are obese. A recent audit of vending machines of 15 County facilities revealed that 78% of the food items offered were unhealthy. This is not in alignment for a County whose professed mission is “To serve Mecklenburg County residents by helping improve their lives and community.”
A topography-aware approach to the automatic generation of urban road networks
Creators: name: Fang, Zhou
name: Qi, Jiaxin
name: Fan, Lubin
name: Huang, Jianqiang
name: Jin, Ying
name: Yang, Tianren
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Existing deep-learning tools for road network generation have limited applications in flat urban areas due to their overreliance on the geometric and spatial configurations of street networks and inadequate considerations of topographic information. This paper proposes a new method of street network generation based on a generative adversarial network by designing a pre-positioned geo-extractor module and a geo-merging bypath. The two improvements employ the complementary use of geometric configurations and topographic features to automate street network generation in both flat and hilly urban areas. Our experiments demonstrate that the improved model yields a more realistic prediction of street configurations than conventional image inpainting techniques. The model’s effectiveness is further enhanced when generating streets in hilly areas. Furthermore, the geo-extractor module provides insights from the computer vision perspective in recognizing when topographic information should be considered and which topographic information should receive more attention.
Depression Change during COVID (Parenting Self-Efficacy)
Creators: name: Nakamura, Monique
name: Eller, Jami
name: Jones, Rachael
name: Hansen, Clare
name: Spray, Sarah
name: Szepsenwol, Ohad
name: Griskevicius, Vladas
name: Simpson, Jeffry
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This project is a separate analyses from the previous depression change project. We will be examining parenting self-efficacy and gratitude as predictors for this model.
title: An Osirix based plug-in for the study of dimensional and densitometric changes of hepatic metastases on CT images
Creators: name: Picone, Dario
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Metastases

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: We present our experience about the improvement of a free DICOM medical imaging software Osirix (OsiriX 32-bit; GNU General Public License) for the evaluation of dimensional and densitometric changes of hepatic metastases on CT multislice...
Memory and Arithmetic Facts: Examining the Effects of Spacing and Time Pressure on the Learning and Retention of Arithmetic Facts
Creators: name: Jazbutis, Olivia
name: McNeil, Nicole
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Proficiency with arithmetic provides a foundation for higher-level mathematics achievement. This idea is based on the Decomposition Thesis, which argues that complex cognitive skills (e.g., advanced mathematics) can be broken down into many small component skills (e.g., arithmetic) and that increasing proficiency with these component skills enhances performance with the complex skill (Anderson, 2002). Many parents and educators also intuitively discern the value in improving math fluency, so they strive to optimize students’ learning of arithmetic. However, the optimal way to structure practice is not known. Many educational practices are highly inefficient in promoting long-term memory retention of arithmetic facts because learning is compressed into the short time frame of an academic calendar (Cepeda et al., 2008). These inefficiencies are difficult to remedy without knowing more about how factors such as spacing and time pressure combine to affect learning. Understanding the optimal way to structure practice will help students succeed in academic and other future endeavors. Given the significance of arithmetic in future achievement, it is important to identify the most efficient ways of practicing arithmetic facts to promote students’ learning and retention. In this study, we will consider two factors that may affect the learning and retention of arithmetic facts: (a) the spacing between learning sessions and (b) the presence of time pressure.
Applications of uniform asymptotic regularity to fixed point theorems
Creators: name: Borzdyński, Sławomir
name: Wiśnicki, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that there are no nontrivial surjective uniformly asymptotically regular mappings acting on a metric space and derive some consequences of this fact. In particular, we prove that a jointly continuous left amenable or left reversible semigroup generated by firmly nonexpansive mappings on a bounded $τ$-compact subset of a Banach space has a common fixed point, and give a qualitative complement to the Markov-Kakutani theorem.
description: 11 pages, to appear, Journal of Fixed Point Theory and Applications. Referee suggestions incorporated and some new references added
Comparison of clinical characteristics between meth/amphetamine and synthetic cathinone users presented to the emergency department
Creators: name: Weng, Te-I
name: Chen, Hsien-Yi
name: Chin, Lengsu W.
name: Chou, Hsin-Hui
name: Wu, Meng-Huan
name: Chen, Guan-yuan
name: Chen, Ju-Yu
name: Shih, Chia-Pang
name: Lin, Chih-Chuan
name: Fang, Cheng-Chung
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Synthetic cathinones (SC) are popular new psychoactive substances that produce sympathomimetic toxicity. Meth/amphetamine and SC have similar chemical structures and pharmacological effects. We aimed to compare the clinical characteristics between meth/amphetamine and SC users presenting to the emergency department (ED). This retrospective observational cohort study included patients who presented to six EDs from May 2017 to April 2021 with symptoms that related to recreational drug use and whose urine toxicology tests were positive only for meth/amphetamine or SC through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. There were 379 patients who tested positive only for meth/amphetamine (MA group), and 87 patients tested positive only for SC (SC groups). Patients in the MA group were older than those in the SC group (median (IQR); MA: 37.0 (30–43.7), SC: 25.0 (21.0–32.7), p < 0.001). There were no significant between-group differences in the sex distribution and initial chief complaints. Compared with the MA group, the SC group had more cases of tachycardia (≥ 135/min; MA: 29 (8.2%), SC:16 (19.0%), p = 0.0031) and hyperthermia (≥ 38 °C; MA: 31 (8.2%), SC:18 (20.7%), p = 0.001). Besides, the SC group had significantly higher levels of creatinine kinase (CK, IU/L; MA: 263 (115–601), SC: 497 (206–9216), p = 0.008) as well as a higher risk of rhabdomyolysis (CK > 1000; MA:32 (8.4%), SC: 16 (18.4%), p = 0.006) and severe rhabdomyolysis (CK > 10,000; MA:10 (2.6%), SC:10 (11.5%), p = 001). Multivariable logistic regression analyses indicated SC group in comparison with the MA group (adjusted odds ratio: 2.732, 95% confidence interval: 1. 250–5.972, p = 0.012) was an association with the risk of rhabdomyolysis. Our findings demonstrate that tachycardia, hyperthermia, and rhabdomyolysis were more common among cathinone users than among meth/amphetamine users presented to EDs.
Genotype-directed Dietary Prevention of Muscle Dysfunction in Older Adults: A Research Grant Application
Creators: name: Dong, Olivia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Low choline intake has been shown to cause elevated creatine kinase activity in blood, which indicates muscle breakdown. The link between low choline intake and muscle damage has not been previously studied, so this proposed study aims to investigate the ability for optimal choline intake to blunt muscle dysfunction. Subjects with existing low choline intake and who are at risk for choline deficiency will be recruited into the study. Participants with the predisposing genotype for choline deficiency, or the MTHFD1 1958A variant, will be targeted for recruitment into the study. Additionally, participants will also need to be Caucasian, male, and between the ages of 50 and 70 to qualify. These additional characteristics also increase the risk for choline deficiency. Focusing on this particular group will provide a sample that is more homogenous in choline needs and eliminate inter-individual variations that genetic variation, gender, ethnicity, and age group can cause. Existing muscle dysfunction will be unmasked with eccentric exercises and the associated elevated serum creatine kinase activity will be used as a measure of muscle damage. A randomized, crossover study with 14 participants will be conducted during a six-week period. Within the six-week period, there will be a three-week period where participants will consume choline supplements and another three-week period where participants will consume placebos. There will be an exercise challenge with eccentric exercise during both periods and the absolute percent change in CK response will be compared in each period to evaluate choline’s ability to blunt this response. It is hypothesized that higher choline intake among 50-70-year-old Caucasian males with the MTHFD1 1958A variant decreases CK activity after high-intensity eccentric exercise. A better understanding of choline’s ability to mitigate muscle dysfunction among those with a predisposing genotype can help tailor choline intake recommendations. Preventing muscle dysfunction can potentially increase exercise tolerance and the ability for individuals to engage in physical activity. Long-term health benefits of improved exercise tolerance are largely unknown, but it can potentially promote healthy aging through higher tolerated intensities of resistance training. The most effective prevention and treatment intervention strategy to reverse muscle loss associated with aging is resistance training, but muscle dysfunction can impair the ability for individuals to tolerate this type of exercise. It is therefore crucial for older adults to engage in strength training exercises and for nutrient intake to be maximized in ways to support physical exertion. The results of this study could provide evidence to increase choline intake for those exercising and striving to preserve and increase muscle mass.
title: Off-label-use of SonoVue in voiding urosonography for the diagnosis of vesicoureteric reflux in children: a survey on side effects
Creators: name: Sauer, Alexander
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Drugs / Reactions
subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Kidney

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: In the last few years many studies have demonstrated the comparable or higher sensitivity of voiding urosonography (VUS)compared to the most common vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)examination, the fluoroscopic voiding cystourethrography (VCUG). Moreover...
Detecting country of residence from social media data: a comparison of methods
Creators: name: Heikinheimo, V.
name: Järv, O.
name: Tenkanen, H.
name: Hiippala, T.
name: Toivonen, T.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Identifying users’ place of residence is an important step in many social media analysis workflows. Various techniques for detecting home locations from social media data have been proposed, but their reliability has rarely been validated using ground truth data. In this article, we compared commonly used spatial and Spatio-temporal methods to determine social media users’ country of residence. We applied diverse methods to a global data set of publicly shared geo-located Instagram posts from visitors to the Kruger National Park in South Africa. We evaluated the performance of each method using both individual-level expert assessment for a sample of users and aggregate-level official visitor statistics. Based on the individual-level assessment, a simple Spatio-temporal approach was the best-performed for detecting the country of residence. Results show why aggregate-level official statistics are not the best indicators for evaluating method performance. We also show how social media usage, such as the number of countries visited and posting activity over time, affect the performance of methods. In addition to a methodological contribution, this work contributes to the discussion about spatial and temporal biases in mobile big data.
title: The "whirl sign". Diagnostic accuracy for intestinal volvulus.
Creators: name: Pire, María
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Emergency
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Volvulus

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To determine the utility of the “whirl sign”, an uncommon finding in the emergency TC, for the diagnosis of small and large bowel...
registration of hypotheses and analysis plan
Creators: name: Raymaekers, Koen
name: Helgeson, Vicki
name: Prikken, Sofie
name: Vanhalst, Janne
name: Moons, Philip
name: Goossens, Eva
name: luyckx, koen
name: Berg, Cynthia
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Health Psychology
subject: Developmental Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Diabetes Mellitus
subject: Friends
subject: Peers
subject: Support
subject: Type 1
subject: Youth

description: Registration of hypotheses and analysis plan
Xylazine poisoning: a systematic review
Creators: name: Ball, Noah S.
name: Knable, Brittany M.
name: Relich, Taylor A.
name: Smathers, Allyson N.
name: Gionfriddo, Michael R.
name: Nemecek, Branden D.
name: Montepara, Courtney A.
name: Guarascio, Anthony J.
name: Covvey, Jordan R.
name: Zimmerman, David E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Xylazine is an alpha-2-adrenergic agonist used for its sedative and analgesic properties in veterinary medicine. While not approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use in humans, anecdotal evidence suggests that exposures in humans is on the rise. We sought to systematically review and synthesize the evidence on xylazine exposure in humans focusing on the clinical presentation, management, and outcomes. We conducted a systematic review of the literature including PubMed, Embase, and Scopus from their inception to September 9, 2021. We searched abstracts from selected emergency medicine and toxicology conferences from 2011 through 2021. We included clinical reports of xylazine exposure in humans. We excluded animal studies, in vitro studies, laboratory studies, or articles in a language other than English. From each included article, we extracted subjective and objective data that focused on clinical presentation, management, and outcomes of patients exposed to xylazine. We evaluated a total of 1409 records, rendering a final set of 17 articles and 2 abstracts meeting inclusion criteria. We identified a total of 98 patients amongst reports ranging from 1979 to 2020 and across nine countries. The most common types of xylazine exposures reported were unintentional exposure and intentional misuse/abuse. Common symptoms on presentation included hypotension, bradycardia, drowsiness, lethargy, while apnea with intubation and death were less frequently reported. Human exposure to xylazine appears to be a rising concern within the prehospital and emergency medicine setting. Although a standardized treatment algorithm cannot be recommended at this time, further research is needed to improve the care of patients exposed to xylazine.
Applying Principles of Health Marketing to Private Practice Dietetics
Creators: name: Pilewski, Kathryn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The prevalence of chronic diseases in America is rising rapidly, requiring increased medical spending to manage these conditions. Treating chronic illnesses comprised seventy-eight percent of total health spending in 2003. In 2005, 133 million Americans were living with at least one chronic disease and this number is expected to increase to 157 million by 2020 (Wu & Green, 2000). The number of people with diabetes in the United States is projected to double in number from twenty-four million to forty-eight million in the next twenty-five years (Bodenheimer, Chen, & Bennett, 2009). There is a direct correlation between chronic disease and healthcare spending, with the average Medicare patient with one chronic condition seeing four physicians a year and patients with five or more chronic conditions seeing fourteen different physicians each year (Vogeli, et al., 2007). Medicare beneficiaries with five or more chronic diagnoses accounted for seventy-six percent of expenditures (Thorpe & Howard, 2006). As healthcare costs rise in the United States, more attention should be given to preventive medicine and lifestyle changes as treatment for chronic diseases and comorbidities. Programs such as the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity Program; Planet Health; and Coordinated Approach to Child Health, which focus on healthy eating and increased physical activity, have the potential to prevent a significant number of children from becoming obese and therefore slowing the increase in diabetes (Cawley, 2007). Lifestyle is crucial for chronic disease prevention and proven to be effective, as evidenced by the Diabetes Prevention Study. This study provided diet and exercise plans, dietitian visits and physical training sessions and showed that lifestyle changes can prevent diabetes (Tuomilehto, et al., 2001). This is evidence that Registered Dietitians (RDs) play an important role in supporting healthy lifestyles and preventing and managing chronic disease. Private practice dietetics offers a unique role, as the RD is able to be more creative with services offered and approaches taken to prevent and manage chronic diseases. This paper discusses the application of principles of health marketing to private practice dietetics with the goal of increasing the reach of nutrition services into the community and the viability of a private practice.
An effective Hamiltonian approach for Donor-Bridge-Acceptor electronic transitions: Exploring the role of bath memory
Creators: name: Bittner, E. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here a formally exact model for electronic transitions between an initial (donor) and final (acceptor) states linked by an intermediate (bridge) state. Our model incorporates a common set of vibrational modes that are coupled to the donor, bridge, and acceptor states and serves as a dissipative bath that destroys quantum coherence between the donor and acceptor. Taking the memory time of the bath as a free parameter, we calculate transition rates for a heuristic 3-state/2 mode Hamiltonian system parameterized to represent the energetics and couplings in a typical organic photovoltaic system. Our results indicate that if the memory time of the bath is of the order of 10-100 fs, a two-state kinetic (i.e., incoherent hopping) model will grossly underestimate overall transition rate.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
title: Effect of imaging timing on the hepatobiliary phase of gadoxeticacid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in patients with severe liver cirrhosis
Creators: name: Hayashi, Norio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: MR
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Cirrhosis
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) -enhanced MR imaging enables improved detection of hepatic lesions over gadolinium diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA)-enhanced MR imaging [1]. After injection, rapid...
Search for parity and time reversal violating effects in HgH: Relativistic coupled-cluster study
Creators: name: Sasmal, Sudip
name: Pathak, Himadri
name: Nayak, Malaya K.
name: Vaval, Nayana
name: Pal, Sourav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high effective electric field ($E_\mathrm{eff}$) experienced by the unpaired electron in an atom or a molecule is one of the key ingredients in the success of electron electric dipole moment (eEDM) experiment and its precise calculation require a very accurate theory. We, therefore, employed the Z-vector method in the relativistic coupled-cluster framework and found that HgH has a very large $E_\mathrm{eff}$ value (123.2 GV/cm) which makes it a potential candidate for the next generation eEDM experiment. Our study also reveals that it has a large scalar-pseudoscalar ${\mathcal{P,T}}$-violating interaction constant, $W_\mathrm{s}$ = 284.2 kHz. To judge the accuracy of the obtained results we have calculated parallel and perpendicular magnetic HFS constants and compared with the available experimental values. The results of our calculation are found to be in nice agreement with the experimental values. Therefore, by looking at the HFS results we can say that both $E_\mathrm{eff}$ and $W_\mathrm{s}$ values are also very accurate. Further, We have derived the relationship between these quantities and the ratio which will help to get model independent value of eEDM and S-PS interaction constant.
description: main text : 5 pages
A Call to Action for Physical Activity Guidelines in Long-term Care in North Carolina and the Potential for Gardening as an Activity to Meet Physical Activity Guidelines
Creators: name: Bunch, Julia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: In the United States in 2012, the older adult population (age 65 years and over) made up ~15% of the population and was projected to increase to ~20% of the population by 2030. This represents an increase from 48 million to 70 million people (Ortman & Velkoff, 2014). In North Carolina, the older adult population age 65 years and over made up ~14% in 2013, with projections to increase to 20% of the population by 2033 (NCDHHS 2015) (See Appendix I for more N.C. statistics on aging). With this increase in the older adult population, it is reasonable to assume that there will be an increase in nursing home and care community populations. In 2013, ~85 percent of the nursing home population and ~93 percent of the residential care community population was made up of older adults age 65 and over (CDC, 2013). There were 15,700 nursing homes in the U.S. in 2013, with the total number of residents ~1.4 million people (CDC, February 2015). There has been an increased research focus on quality of life and maintaining health and physical function of older adults in long-term care. Many of these studies focus on activities, either individual or group-based, that improve the quality of life and physical function of residents in long-term care. Some studies also focus on programs in long-term care and their ability to meet the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention’s physical activity guidelines for older adults, yet there is no formal physical activity policy in place for long-term care facilities in North Carolina. A general format for such a policy could be modeled similar to the physical activity guidelines for the preschool population in childcare facilities in North Carolina. This paper, in addition to addressing physical activity guidelines, will examine gardening as a form of physical activity for older adults and its potential to meet physical activity guidelines in long-term care settings. There is also research on gardening as an activity for the older adult population and its ability as an activity to meet physical activity guidelines. Gardening as an activity for older adults has been studied for over 30 years, yet gardening as an intervention in long-term care facilities remains rare. This paper will propose implementation of physical activity guidelines for long-term care facilities in North Carolina. Gardening will be the primary focus area for physical activity interventions as well as examine studies involving the effects of gardening on older adult populations, with a specific focus on applying findings to long-term care facilities. To date, there are few studies that focus on gardening programs in long-term care facilities, and therefore, a missed opportunity to apply the benefits of gardening to older adults living in long-term care.
The Subaru FMOS galaxy redshift survey (FastSound). IV. New constraint on gravity theory from redshift space distortions at $z\sim 1.4$
Creators: name: Okumura, Teppei
name: Hikage, Chiaki
name: Totani, Tomonori
name: Tonegawa, Motonari
name: Okada, Hiroyuki
name: Glazebrook, Karl
name: Blake, Chris
name: Ferreira, Pedro G.
name: More, Surhud
name: Taruya, Atsushi
name: Tsujikawa, Shinji
name: Akiyama, Masayuki
name: Dalton, Gavin
name: Goto, Tomotsugu
name: Ishikawa, Takashi
name: Iwamuro, Fumihide
name: Matsubara, Takahiko
name: Nishimichi, Takahiro
name: Ohta, Kouji
name: Shimizu, Ikkoh
name: Takahashi, Ryuichi
name: Takato, Naruhisa
name: Tamura, Naoyuki
name: Yabe, Kiyoto
name: Yoshida, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the redshift-space correlation function from a spectroscopic sample of 2783 emission line galaxies from the FastSound survey. The survey, which uses the Subaru Telescope and covers the redshift ranges of $1.19
description: 23 pages, 20 figures, 1 table, accepted to PASJ
Evolution of Stellar-to-Halo Mass Ratio at z=0-7 Identified by Clustering Analysis with the Hubble Legacy Imaging and Early Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam Survey Data
Creators: name: Harikane, Yuichi
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: More, Surhud
name: Saito, Shun
name: Lin, Yen-Ting
name: Coupon, Jean
name: Shimasaku, Kazuhiro
name: Shibuya, Takatoshi
name: Price, Paul A.
name: Lin, Lihwai
name: Hsieh, Bau-Ching
name: Ishigaki, Masafumi
name: Komiyama, Yutaka
name: Silverman, John
name: Takata, Tadafumi
name: Tamazawa, Hiroko
name: Toshikawa, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present clustering analysis results from 10,381 Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) at z~ 4-7, identified in the Hubble legacy deep imaging and new complimentary large-area Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam data. We measure the angular correlation functions (ACFs) of these LBGs at z~4, 5, 6, and 7, and fit these measurements using halo occupation distribution (HOD) models that provide an estimate of halo masses, M_h~(1-20)x10^11 Msun. Our M_h estimates agree with those obtained by previous clustering studies in a UV-magnitude vs. M_h plane, and allow us to calculate stellar-to-halo mass ratios (SHMRs) of LBGs. By comparison with the z~0 SHMR, we identify evolution of the SHMR from z~0 to z~4, and z~4 to z~7 at the >98% confidence levels. The SHMR decreases by a factor of ~2 from z~0 to 4, and increases by a factor of ~4 from z~4 to 7. We compare our SHMRs with results of a hydrodynamic simulation and a semi-analytic model, and find that these theoretical studies do not predict the SHMR increase from z~4 to 7. We obtain the baryon conversion efficiency (BCE) of LBGs at z~4, and find that the BCE increases with increasing dark matter halo mass. Finally, we compare our clustering+HOD estimates with results from abundance matching techniques, and conclude that the M_h estimates of the clustering+HOD analyses agree with those of the simple abundance matching within a factor of 3, and that the agreement improves when using more sophisticated abundance matching techniques that include subhalos, incompleteness, and/or evolution in the star formation and stellar mass functions.
description: 25 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Low-energy negative muon interaction with matter
Creators: name: Danev, Petar
name: Adamczak, Andrzej
name: Bakalov, Dimitar
name: Mocchiutti, Emiliano
name: Stoilov, Mihail
name: Vacchi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using simulated data, obtained with the FLUKA code, we derive empirical regularities about the propagation and stopping of low-energy negative muons in hydrogen and selected solid materials. The results are intended to help the preliminary stages of the set-up design for experimental studies of muon capture and muonic atom spectroscopy. Provided are approximate expressions for the parameters of the the momentum, spatial and angular distribution of the propagating muons. In comparison with the available data on the stopping power and range of muons (with which they agree in the considered energy range) these results have the advantage to also describe the statistical spread of the muon characteristics of interest.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures; Version accepted for publication in JINST
title: Metaplastic human lung ossification: MicroCT virtual histology
Creators: name: Giraudo, Chiara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Molecular imaging
subject: Experimental
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Computer Applications-Virtual imaging
subject: Calcifications / Calculi
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The important role of MicroCT for the evaluation of bone structure is already well established, whereas in literature there are a few studies on animal or human lungs [1,2]. The main limit of pulmonary investigation is the low contrast of lung...
Clinical Presentation and Nutrition Management of Pediatric Eosinophilic Esophagitis
Creators: name: Hamilton, Jillian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: J.A., an 18-month old male, presented to UNC Pediatric GI Clinic with acute febrile illness. During his illness, J.A loss significant weight and became generally disinterested in eating. His parents reported that J.A. began to pat his chest and whine and occasionally would throw up after eating a few bites of food. J.A. was initially diagnosed with hypoalbuminemia, failure to thrive (FTT), and feeding difficulties. His severe illness resulted in hospitalization and thorough testing to determine the source of his symptoms. Endoscopy during hospital admission demonstrated findings consistent with severe esophageal eosinophilia. He was diagnosed with Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) and protein losing enteropathy with a likely secondary immunodeficiency. This case study serves to increase awareness of EoE, a newly appreciated disorder in an area of research that is only recently developing and is continuing to grow. We will define EoE, its etiology, symptoms, and diagnostic criteria. We will discuss the nutrition implications and therapy options in children with EoE. J.A., who matched classical presentation and achieved good control of his disease after closely following treatment guidelines, will serve as a model case of EoE. Physicians, dietitians, and other medical professionals should be aware of the increasing prevalence of EoE, know what to look for in its presentation, and keep up to date on the growing field of research as new therapies are being developed.
title: Meckel’s diverticulum and its complications
Creators: name: Ferreira, Ana Isabel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Diverticula
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Emergency
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: In this exhibit, we intend to briefly review the embriology of Meckel’s diverticulum, to outline its clinical significance, to discuss the diagnostic role of the imaging modalities and to illustrate the imaging features of its main...
Induced Fission of $^{240}$Pu within a Real-Time Microscopic Framework
Creators: name: Bulgac, Aurel
name: Magierski, Piotr
name: Roche, Kenneth J.
name: Stetcu, Ionel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the fissioning dynamics of Pu240 from a configuration in the proximity of the outer fission barrier to full scission and the formation of the fragments within an implementation of density functional theory extended to superfluid systems and real-time dynamics. The fission fragments emerge with properties similar to those determined experimentally, while the fission dynamics appears to be quite complex, with many excited shape and pairing modes. The evolution is found to be much slower than previously expected, and the ultimate role of the collective inertia is found to be negligible in this fully nonadiabatic treatment of nuclear dynamics, where all collective degrees of freedom (CDOF) are included (unlike adiabatic treatments with a small number of CDOF).
description: updated version in agreement with published paper, updated and new references, 7 pages, additional material at http://faculty.washington.edu/bulgac/Pu240/
Effects of intravenous lipid emulsions on the reversal of pacing-induced ventricular arrhythmias and electrophysiological alterations in an animal model of ropivacaine toxicity
Creators: name: Zaballos, Matilde
name: Fernández, Ignacio
name: Rodríguez, Lucia
name: García, Sergio
name: Varela, Olalla
name: Quintela, Oscar
name: Anadón, María-José
name: Almendral, Jesús
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Ropivacaine is considered to have a wider margin of cardiovascular safety. However, several reports of ventricular arrhythmias (VA) due to ropivacaine toxicity have been documented. Intravenous lipid emulsions (ILEs) have recently been used successfully in the treatment of local anesthetic intoxication. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of the ILEs in the prevention of pacing-induced-VA and electrophysiological alterations in an animal model of ropivacaine toxicity. Nineteen pigs were anesthetized and instrumentalized. A baseline programmed electrical ventricular stimulation protocol (PEVSP) to induce VA was performed. Ropivacaine (5 mg·kg−1 + 100 μg·kg−1·min−1) followed by normal saline infusion (control group n = 8) or intralipid 20% (1.5 mL·kg−1 + 0.25 mL·kg−1·min−1) for the ILE group (n = 8), were administered three minutes after the ropivacaine bolus. PEVSP was repeated 25 min after the onset of ropivacaine infusion. Pacing-induced VA and electrophysiological abnormalities were assessed in both groups. A sham-control group (n = 3) without ropivacaine infusion was included. Most of the electrophysiological parameters evaluated were affected by ropivacaine: PR interval by 28% (p = 0.001), AV interval by 40% (p = 0.001), sinus QRS by 101% (p = 0.001), paced QRS at a rate of 150 bpm by 258% (p = 0.001), and at 120 bpm by 241% (p = 0.001). Seven animals (87.5%) in the control group and eight animals (100%) in the ILE group developed sustained-VA (p = 0.30). Successful resuscitation occurred in 100% of animals in the ILE group vs. 57% of animals in the control group, p = 0.038. Pacing-induced-VA terminated at the first defibrillation attempt in 75% of the animals in the ILE group vs. 0% in the control group, p = 0.01. Ropivacaine strongly altered the parameters of ventricular conduction, thus facilitating the induction of VA. ILEs did not prevent pacing-induced VA. However, facilitated resuscitation and termination of VA were delivered at the first defibrillation attempt compared to the control group.
Improving Public Health and Healthy Food Access through Local Food Systems: A Report to the US Surgeon General
Creators: name: Konich, Jaclyn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Building and strengthening local food systems is an emerging strategy to improve community food access and improve public health. This paper will explore definitions of food security and food access, describe barriers and disparities in food access, describe the health consequences of the modern industrial food system, and build a case for a local food systems approach to improve community food access and public health outcomes, especially in underserved communities.
The Influence of Technology on Organizational Performance: The Mediating Effects of Organizational Learning
Creators: name: Chegus, Matthew
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2018
Subjects: Big Data
Analytics
Structural Equation Modelling
Organizational Learning
SEM
Technology
Performance
Survey

description: Organizations depend upon ever greater levels of information technology (IT), such as big data and analytics, a trend which shows no sign of abating. However, not all organizations have benefited from such IT investments, resulting in mixed perceptions on the value of IT. Organizations must be knowledgeable in order to properly utilize IT tools and be able to apply that knowledge to create unique competencies in order to gain sustained advantage from IT investments. Organizational learning (OL) has been proposed as the mechanism to accomplish this task. Existing empirical research demonstrates that OL may indeed act as a mediator for the effect of IT on organizational outcomes. Yet, these studies are not consistent in their conceptualizations of the relationships involved, nor in their definitions and measurement of OL. Many use a descriptive measure of OL despite theory suggesting that a normative measure may be more appropriate. This study aims to address these concerns in a Canadian setting by using structural equation modelling (SEM) to compare the effectiveness of descriptive and normative measures of OL as mediating variables in knowledge-intensive organizations. Survey results support OL as a mediator between IT and organizational performance in addition to normative measures of OL outperforming descriptive measures. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Registration to freeze the repository for the first English-language manuscript
Creators: name: Peters, Gjalt - Jorn
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Click "Files" on the left-hand side to see all files in this repository, as they were at the time of the submission of the revised manuscript "Developing a new national MDMA policy: Results of a multi-decision multi-criterion decision analysis (MD-MCDA)" to the Journal of Psychopharmacology.
title: Image quality and dose evaluation in Pharyngo-Esophageal Foreign Bodies (P-E FB) detection with low-dose CT protocols in a guinea pig
Creators: name: Morana, Giovanni
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Foreign bodies
subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Emergency

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The management of patients with clinical suspicion of Pharyngo-Esophageal foreign body (P-E FB) ingestion traditionally provides: a) clinical examination, b) standard radiographic study of the cervical region in anteroposterior (AP) and...
Deep sea osmolytes in action: their effect on protein-ligand binding under high pressure stress
Creators: name: Kamali, Armin
name: Jahmidi-Azizi, Nisrine
name: Oliva, Rosario
name: Winter, Roland
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 540

description: Because organisms living in the deep sea and in the sub-seafloor must be able to cope with hydrostatic pressures up to 1000 bar and more, their biomolecular processes, including ligand-binding reactions, must be adjusted to keep the associated volume changes low in order to function efficiently. Almost all organisms use organic cosolvents (osmolytes) to protect their cells from adverse environmental conditions. They counteract osmotic imbalance, stabilize the structure of proteins and maintain their function. We studied the binding properties of the prototypical ligand proflavine to two serum proteins with different binding pockets, BSA and HSA, in the presence of two prominent osmolytes, trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and glycine betaine (GB). TMAO and GB play an important role in the regulation and adaptation of life in deep-sea organisms. To this end, pressure dependent fluorescence spectroscopy was applied, supplemented by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy and computer modeling studies. The pressure-dependent measurements were also performed to investigate the intimate nature of the complex formation in relation to hydration and packing changes caused by the presence of the osmolytes. We show that TMAO and GB are able to modulate the ligand binding process in specific ways. Depending on the chemical make-up of the protein's binding pocket and thus the thermodynamic forces driving the binding process, there are osmolytes with specific interaction sites and binding strengths with water that are able to mediate efficient ligand binding even under external stress conditions. In the binding of proflavine to BSA and HSA, the addition of both compatible osmolytes leads to an increase in the binding constant upon pressurization, with TMAO being the most efficient, rendering the binding process also insensitive to pressurization even up to 2 kbar as the volume change remains close to zero. This effect can be corroborated by the effects the cosolvents impose on the strength and dynamics of hydration water as well as on the conformational dynamics of the protein.
description: Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.;24(30)
Standing Shock Instability in Advection-Dominated Accretion Flows
Creators: name: Le, Truong
name: Wood, Kent S.
name: Wolff, Michael T.
name: Becker, Peter A.
name: Putney, Joy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Depending on the values of the energy and angular momentum per unit mass in the gas supplied at large radii, inviscid advection-dominated accretion flows can display velocity profiles with either preshock deceleration or preshock acceleration. Nakayama has shown that these two types of flow configurations are expected to have different stability properties. By employing the Chevalier \& Imamura linearization method and the Nakayama instability boundary conditions, we discover that there are regions of parameter space where disks/shocks with outflows can be stable or unstable. In regions of instability, we find that preshock deceleration is always unstable to the zeroth mode with zero frequency of oscillation, but is always stable to the fundamental mode and overtones. Furthermore, we also find that preshock acceleration is always unstable to the zeroth mode and that the fundamental mode and overtones become increasingly less stable as the shock location moves away from the horizon when the disk half-height expands above $\sim 12$ gravitational radii at the shock radius. In regions of stability, we demonstrate the zeroth mode to be stable for the velocity profiles that exhibit preshock acceleration and deceleration. Moreover, for models that are linearly unstable, our model suggests the possible existence of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) with ratios 2:3 and 3:5. These ratios are believed to occur in stellar and supermassive black hole candidates, for example, in GRS 1915+105 and Sgr A*, respectively. We expect that similar QPO ratios also exist in regions of stable shocks.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ. The paper contains 42 pages and 54 figures (v1); last revised 25 Mar. 2016 (this version, v2))
title: Is contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) useful for the emergency radiologist?
Creators: name: Jiménez, David
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: Image verification
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Abscess

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Reviewing the usefulness of contrast-enhanced ultrasound with patients suffering an urgent pathology, showing clinical situations where this method is useful in order to improve the quality of the...