cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quartic multifractality and finite-size corrections at the spin quantum Hall transition
Creators: name: Puschmann, Martin
name: Hernangómez-Pérez, Daniel
name: Lang, Bruno
name: Bera, Soumya
name: Evers, Ferdinand
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The spin quantum Hall transition (or class C transition in two dimensions) represents one of the few localization-delocalization transitions for which some of the critical exponents are known exactly. Not known, however, is the multifractal spectrum τq, which describes the system-size scaling of inverse participation ratios Pq, i.e., the q moments of critical wave-function amplitudes. We here report simulations based on the class C Chalker-Coddington network and demonstrate that τq is (essentially) a quartic polynomial in q. Analytical results fix all prefactors except the quartic curvature that we obtain as γ=(2.22±0.15)×10−3. In order to achieve the necessary accuracy in the presence of sizable corrections to scaling, we have analyzed the evolution with system size of the entire Pq-distribution function. As it turns out, in a sizable window of q values this distribution function exhibits a (single-parameter) scaling collapse already in the preasymptotic regime, where finite-size corrections are not negligible. This observation motivates us to propose new, original approach for extracting τq based on concepts borrowed from the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test of mathematical statistics. We believe that our work provides the conceptual means for high-precision investigations of multifractal spectra also near other localization-delocalization transitions of current interest, especially the integer (class A) quantum Hall effect.
Is SAM 2 Better than SAM in Medical Image Segmentation?
Creators: name: Sengupta, Sourya
name: Chakrabarty, Satrajit
name: Soni, Ravi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Segment Anything Model (SAM) has demonstrated impressive performance in zero-shot promptable segmentation on natural images. The recently released Segment Anything Model 2 (SAM 2) claims to outperform SAM on images and extends the model's capabilities to video segmentation. Evaluating the performance of this new model in medical image segmentation, specifically in a zero-shot promptable manner, is crucial. In this work, we conducted extensive studies using multiple datasets from various imaging modalities to compare the performance of SAM and SAM 2. We employed two point-prompt strategies: (i) multiple positive prompts where one prompt is placed near the centroid of the target structure, while the remaining prompts are randomly placed within the structure, and (ii) combined positive and negative prompts where one positive prompt is placed near the centroid of the target structure, and two negative prompts are positioned outside the structure, maximizing the distance from the positive prompt and from each other. The evaluation encompassed 24 unique organ-modality combinations, including abdominal structures, cardiac structures, fetal head images, skin lesions and polyp images across 11 publicly available MRI, CT, ultrasound, dermoscopy, and endoscopy datasets. Preliminary results based on 2D images indicate that while SAM 2 may perform slightly better in a few cases, it does not generally surpass SAM for medical image segmentation. Notably, SAM 2 performs worse than SAM in lower contrast imaging modalities, such as CT and ultrasound. However, for MRI images, SAM 2 performs on par with or better than SAM. Like SAM, SAM 2 also suffers from over-segmentation issues, particularly when the boundaries of the target organ are fuzzy.
The mass and stellar populations of the Galactic bulge
Creators: name: Zoccali, Manuela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: I will present the results of the GIRAFFE Inner Bulge Survey, with particular emphasis on the spatial distributions of the two metallicity populations, and their contribution to the total stellar mass budget of the Galactic bulge. I will also show the results of a follow-up  MUSE programme aimed at characterizing the velocity dispersion peak found within 2 degrees (~280pc) from the Galactic center.
Robust graphical modeling of gene networks using classical and alternative T-distributions
Creators: name: Finegold, Michael
name: Drton, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graphical Gaussian models have proven to be useful tools for exploring network structures based on multivariate data. Applications to studies of gene expression have generated substantial interest in these models, and resulting recent progress includes the development of fitting methodology involving penalization of the likelihood function. In this paper we advocate the use of multivariate $t$-distributions for more robust inference of graphs. In particular, we demonstrate that penalized likelihood inference combined with an application of the EM algorithm provides a computationally efficient approach to model selection in the $t$-distribution case. We consider two versions of multivariate $t$-distributions, one of which requires the use of approximation techniques. For this distribution, we describe a Markov chain Monte Carlo EM algorithm based on a Gibbs sampler as well as a simple variational approximation that makes the resulting method feasible in large problems.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AOAS410 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Injury Epidemiology of 626 Athletes in Surfing, Wind Surfing and Kite Surfing
Creators: name: Szymski, Dominik
name: Achenbach, Leonard
name: Siebentritt, Martin
name: Simoni, Karola
name: Kuner, Norbert
name: Pfeifer, Christian G.
name: Krutsch, Werner
name: Alt, Volker
name: Meffert, Rainer
name: Fehske, Kai
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: water sports, injury, training, ankle, foot, epidemiology
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Introduction/Background: Surfing, wind surfing and kite surfing enjoy a growing popularity with a large number of athletes worldwide. The aim of this study was to identify and compare the injury profiles and compare the injury profiles of these three extreme water sports. Materials and Methods: These data for this retrospective cohort study were collected through an online standardised questionnaire during the 2017– 18 season. The questionnaire included questions about anthropometry, skill level, injury diagnosis, injury mechanism, environmental conditions and training regimes. Results: The 626 athletes included reported 2584 injuries. On average, each athlete sustained 4.12 injuries during the season. The most frequent injury location was in the lower extremity, in particular the foot, with 49 (16.4%) injuries in surfing, 344 (18.3%) in wind surfing and 79 (19.7%) in kite surfing. Surfing demonstrated a particularly high rate of head injuries (n = 37; 12.4%). Other frequent injury types were skin lesions (up to 42.1%) and contusions (up to 40.5%). The most common injury across all surfing sports was skin lesions of the foot (wind surfing: 11.7%; kite surfing: 13.2%; surfing: 12.7%). In surfing, skin lesions of the head were frequently observed (n = 24; 8.0%). In surfing, a ‘too large wave’ (n = 18; 24.7%) was main cause of the injury, while in wind surfing (n = 189; 34.5%) and kite surfing (n = 65; 36.7%) ‘own incompetence’ led to the most injuries. Conclusion: This unique study compares injury epidemiology and mechanism in the three most popular surfing sports: wind surfing, kite surfing and surfing. Overall, injuries were sustained mainly in the lower extremity, while surfing also demonstrated a high rate of head injuries.
Shape and topology optimization involving the eigenvalues of an elastic structure: A multi-phase-field approach
Creators: name: Garcke, Harald
name: Hüttl, Paul
name: Knopf, Patrik
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Shape optimization; topology optimization; eigenvalue problem; linear elasticity; multi-phase-field model
subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 74P15
subject: 74P05
subject: 74B05
subject: 49R05
subject: 49Q10
subject: 35P05

description: A cost function involving the eigenvalues of an elastic structure is optimized using a phase-field approach, which allows for topology changes and multiple materials.We show continuity and differentiability of simple eigenvalues in the phase-field context. Existence of global minimizers can be shown, for which first order necessary optimality conditions can be obtained in generic situations. Furthermore, a combined eigenvalue and compliance optimization is discussed.
Stability of the Zagreb Carnegie-Mellon-Berkeley model
Creators: name: Osmanović, H.
name: Ceci, S.
name: Švarc, A.
name: Hadžimehmedović, M.
name: Stahov, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In ref. [1] we have used the Zagreb realization of Carnegie-Melon-Berkeley coupled-channel, unitary model as a tool for extracting pole positions from the world collection of partial wave data, with the aim of eliminating model dependence in pole-search procedures. In order that the method is sensible, we in this paper discuss the stability of the method with respect to the strong variation of different model ingredients. We show that the Zagreb CMB procedure is very stable with strong variation of the model assumptions, and that it can reliably predict the pole positions of the fitted partial wave amplitudes.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures, 19 tables
New higher-derivative couplings in 4D N = 2 supergravity
Creators: name: Butter, Daniel
name: Kuzenko, Sergei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the off-shell formulation for general N = 2 supergravity-matter systems developed in arXiv:0905.0063, we propose a construction to generate a restricted chiral superfield from any real weight-zero projective multiplet L. One can choose L to be composed of tensor multiplets, O(2n) multiplets, with n=2,3,..., and polar hypermultiplets. In conjunction with the standard procedure to induce a N = 2 linear multiplet from any chiral weight-one scalar, we obtain a powerful mechanism to generate higher-derivative couplings in supergravity. In the case that L is a homogeneous function of n tensor multiplets of degree zero, we show that our construction is equivalent to that developed by de Wit and Saueressig in arXiv:hep-th/0606148 using the component superconformal tensor calculus. We also work out nontrivial examples with L composed of O(2n)and tensor multiplets.
description: 36 pages; v5 typos corrected in eqs. (6.8) and (B.3)
Performance of Electrical Spectroscopy using a Resper Probe to Measure the Salinity and Water Content of Concrete or Terrestrial Soil
Creators: name: Settimi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper discusses the performance of electrical spectroscopy using a RESPER probe to measure the salinity s and volumetric content θW of the water in concrete or terrestrial soil. The RESPER probe is an induction device for spectroscopy which performs simultaneous and non invasive measurements of the electrical RESistivity 1/σ and relative dielectric PERmittivity εr of a subjacent medium. Numerical simulations establish that the RESPER can measure σ and ε with inaccuracies below a predefined limit (10%) up to the high frequency band (HF). Conductivity is related to salinity and dielectric permittivity to volumetric water content using suitably refined theoretical models which are consistent with the predictions of Archie's and Topp's empirical laws. The better the agreement, the lower the hygroscopic water content and the higher s; so closer agreement is found with concrete containing almost no bonded water molecules provided these are characterized by a high σ. A novelty of the present paper is the application of a mathematical- physical model to the propagation of errors in the measurements, based on a sensitivity functions tool. The inaccuracy of salinity (water content) is the ratio (product) between the conductivity (permittivity) inaccuracy, specified by the probe, and the sensitivity function of salinity (water content) relative to conductivity (permittivity), derived from the constitutive equations of the medium. The main result is the model's prediction that the lower the inaccuracy for the measurements of s and θW (decreasing by as much as an order of magnitude from 10% to 1%), the higher σ; so the inaccuracy for soil is lower.
description: 45 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Global social identifications - the effectiveness of various methods of their experimental activation among people with different characteristics – a systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Hamer, Katarzyna
name: Górska, Paulina
name: Marcinkowska, Karolina
name: Gkinopoulos, Theofilos
name: Bartek Nowak
name: Bednarowicz, Maja
name: Branowska, Katarzyna
name: Penczek, Marta
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: world-mindedness
subject: identification with all humanity
subject: all humanity
subject: experimental activation
subject: Global human identification
subject: world community
subject: global citizens
subject: Global citizenship identification

description: This project aims at a meta-analysis of existing published and unpublished studies to gather and compare the effectiveness of various methods of experimental activation of global human and citizenship identifications among people with different characteristics. Attached is the pdf file with the full preregistration (PRISMA-P Protocol).
Exploring the Open Data Landscape: The HMC Dashboard on Open and FAIR Data in the Helmholtz Association
Creators: name: Kubin, Markus
name: Sedeqi, Mojeeb Rahman
name: Preuß, Gabriel
name: Ehlers, Pascal
name: Brendike-Mannix, Oonagh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The HMC Dashboard on Open and FAIR Data in Helmholtz was designed to support various target groups in finding and monitoring open and FAIR research data produced by the Helmholtz Association. This poster will present our approach and how it relates to photon and neutron research.

The dashboard is an interactive tool developed by the Helmholtz Metadata Collaboration to monitor and analyze open and FAIR data practices within the Helmholtz Association of German research centers. It provides insights into which repositories research communities use to publish research data and allows for assessing trends and gaps therein. The dashboard visualizes data collected through a harvesting and evaluation pipeline, enabling users to explore interactive statistics on data publications from various perspectives, such as the institutional, the repository-level, or from an individual researcher’s view. This tool serves as a means to engage various target groups, identify areas for improvement in data management practices, and guide efforts towards creating a unified FAIR data space within the research organization.

With this poster presented at the DAPHNE4NFDI Annual Meeting 2025 we invite the DAPHNE4NFDI community to discuss our apporach and how it can contribute to improved open and FAIR Data practices in relate data stewardship in photon and neutron science.
Cold Atmospheric Plasma Changes the Amino Acid Composition of Solutions and Influences the Anti-Tumor Effect on Melanoma Cells
Creators: name: Arndt, Stephanie
name: Fadil, Fadi
name: Dettmer, Katja
name: Unger, Petra
name: Boskovic, Marko
name: Samol, Claudia
name: Bosserhoff, Anja-Katrin
name: Zimmermann, Julia L.
name: Gruber, Michael
name: Gronwald, Wolfram
name: Karrer, Sigrid
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: cold atmospheric plasma (CAP); plasma-treated solution (PTS); melanoma; anti-tumor; amino acid; apoptosis; senescence
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Cold Atmospheric Plasma (CAP) is an ionized gas near room temperature. Its anti-tumor effect can be transmitted either by direct treatment or mediated by a plasma-treated solution (PTS), such as treated standard cell culture medium, which contains different amino acids, inorganic salts, vitamins and other substances. Despite extensive research, the active components in PTS and its molecular or cellular mechanisms are not yet fully understood. The purpose of this study was the measurement of the reactive species in PTS and their effect on tumor cells using different plasma modes and treatment durations. The PTS analysis yielded mode- and dose-dependent differences in the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), and in the decomposition and modification of the amino acids Tyrosine (Tyr) and Tryptophan (Trp). The Trp metabolites Formylkynurenine (FKyn) and Kynurenine (Kyn) were produced in PTS with the 4 kHz (oxygen) mode, inducing apoptosis in Mel Im melanoma cells. Nitrated derivatives of Trp and Tyr were formed in the 8 kHz (nitrogen) mode, elevating the p16 mRNA expression and senescence-associated ß-Galactosidase staining. In conclusion, the plasma mode has a strong impact on the composition of the active components in PTS and affects its anti-tumor mechanism. These findings are of decisive importance for the development of plasma devices and the effectiveness of tumor treatment.
Cosmological dynamics of fourth order gravity with a Gauss-Bonnet term
Creators: name: Ivanov, Mikhail M.
name: Toporensky, Alexey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider cosmological dynamics in fourth order gravity with both $f(R)$ and $Φ(\mathcal {G})$ correction to the Einstein gravity ($\mathcal{G}$ is the Gauss-Bonnet term). The particular case for which both terms are equally important on power-law solutions is described. These solutions and their stability are studied using the dynamical system approach. We also discuss condition of existence and stability of de Sitter solution in a more general situation of power-law $f$ and $Φ$.
description: published version, references updated
Self-esteem as a shared resource: A pre-registered extension
Creators: name: Cameron, Jessica
name: Hoplock, Lisa B.
name: Robinson, Kelley
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This is the pre-registered extension of Robinson, K. J., & Cameron, J. J. (2012). Self-esteem is a shared relationship resource: Additive effects of dating partners’ self-esteem levels predict relationship quality. Journal of Research in Personality, 46(2), 227-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2011.12.002. Robinson & Cameron (2012) evaluated four dyadic patterns to understand self-esteem’s link to romantic relationship quality. They found that dyads who had a higher combined self-esteem experienced higher relationship quality (i.e., higher satisfaction and commitment) than those with a lower combined self-esteem. In addition to including romantic relationships, we will be extending Robinson & Cameron’s (2012) work to friendships and parent/adult child relationships. Data were collected as part of a graduate course taken by the first author. At the time of data collection, the goal had been to test the validity of a new measure on reactions to feeling hurt by significant others. However, after poor measure model fit, we pivoted to the present study’s focus. We are pre-registering this secondary analysis plan to increase error control and reduce data analysis flexibility (Mertens & Krypotos, 2019). The data have not been published in a peer-reviewed journal.
Studies of various pentamethylcyclopentadienyl nitrosyl complexes of molybdenum and tungsten
Creators: name: Holmes, Aaron Stanley
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Cp*W(NO)(H)(η³-CH₂CHCHMe) (2.1) [Cp* = η⁵-C₅Me₅] effects the formation of unsymmetrical ketones from hydrocarbons and CO via C−H activation, C−H functionalization, and C−C coupling. Cp*W(NO)(CO)₂ is also formed during the reactions, and can be conveniently converted back into complex 2.1, thereby completing a full synthetic cycle for the conversion of hydrocarbons into ketones. cis-Cp*W(NO)(H)(κ²-PPh₂(C₆H₄)) (3.1) has been previously shown to effect the thermal C−H activation of benzene. In an effort to extend this investigation, novel Cp*W(NO)(R)(H)(L) [R = alkyl, L = phosphine or phosphite] complexes have been synthesized and characterized, and their ability to effect C−H activation has been investigated. Upon heating, complex 3.1 in various neat hydrocarbon solutions forms trans-Cp*W(NO)(H)(κ²-PPh₂(C₆H₄)) (3.2), an isomerization product, and Cp*W(NO)(PPh₃)₂, a disproportionation product, both of which are inactive species. In an attempt to avoid the problems of isomerization and disproportionation, the novel complexes trans-Cp*W(NO)(CH₂CMe₃)(H)(P(OPh)₃) (3.3) and trans-Cp*W(NO)(H)₂(P(OPh)₃) (3.4) have been synthesized. Unfortunately, complex 3.3 does not effect the thermal C−H activation of hydrocarbon substrates in neat solutions. Instead, the elimination of neopentane, release of free P(OPh)₃, and subsequent decomposition of the organometallic fragment occur, even at room temperature. The use of bidentate bisphosphine ligands in order to circumvent the problems experienced in the previous section has been investigated. The complex Cp*Mo(NO)(κ²-dmpe) (4.1) [dmpe = 1,2-bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane] does not effect the thermal C−H activation of hydrocarbons, but it does display some interesting reactivity towards electrophiles. Reaction of 4.1 with elemental sulfur results in the formation of either (μ-S)[Cp*Mo(NO)(κ¹-dmpeS)]₂ (4.3) or Cp*Mo(NO)(η²-S₂)(κ¹-dmpeS) (4.4) depending on the ratio of reactants used. Complex 4.3 is, to the best of my knowledge, the only example of an organometallic bimetallic complex that contains a M=S=M linkage, with no other bridging linkages between the two metal centres. Reaction of 4.1 with benzyl bromide results in (μ-dmpe)[Cp*Mo(NO)Br₂]₂ (4.5) and bibenzyl. This product suggests radical processes wherein bibenzyl is formed via homolytic coupling. In addition, reaction of 4.1 with bromoalkanes results in [Mo(NO)(Br)₂(κ²-dmpe)]₂ (4.6), alkane, olefin, and Cp*H. This transformation most likely also involves radical processes and is a rare example of the liberation of Cp*H from a transition-metal organometallic complex.
Entropy of isolated quantum systems after a quench
Creators: name: Santos, Lea F.
name: Polkovnikov, Anatoli
name: Rigol, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A diagonal entropy, which depends only on the diagonal elements of the system's density matrix in the energy representation, has been recently introduced as the proper definition of thermodynamic entropy in out-of-equilibrium quantum systems. We study this quantity after an interaction quench in lattice hard-core bosons and spinless fermions, and after a local chemical potential quench in a system of hard-core bosons in a superlattice potential. The former systems have a chaotic regime, where the diagonal entropy becomes equivalent to the equilibrium microcanonical entropy, coinciding with the onset of thermalization. The latter system is integrable. We show that its diagonal entropy is additive and different from the entropy of a generalized Gibbs ensemble, which has been introduced to account for the effects of conserved quantities at integrability.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, as published (updated supplemental material)
Systemic racism and individual prejudice in laypeople’s perceptions of offender risk: Disentangling race/ethnicity, adverse social history, and gender
Creators: name: Helmus, L. Maaike
name: Simran Ahmed
name: Varis, David D.
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Criminology and Criminal Justice
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Legal Studies
subject: Race and Ethnicity
subject: Experimental Analysis of Behavior
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Other Psychology
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law

description: Objectives: Currently, Indigenous and Black offenders tend to score higher on risk assessment scales, but the relative contributions of evaluator bias versus systemic racism/disadvantage is not well understood. This study assessed people’s perceptions about offenders’ risk to reoffend based on race/ethnicity, as well as gender and social background. Hypotheses: Laypeople would perceive higher risk for offenders who are Black or Indigenous, male, and from an adverse social background. Method: Participants (n = 590) were recruited from MTurk and completed an online survey. They read a vignette about an offender, randomized for race/ethnicity (Black, Indigenous, White, or Chinese), gender (male or female), and social background (adverse or non-adverse). They completed personality/attitudes measures (e.g., political attitudes, gender role beliefs, racism), rated the offender’s risk to reoffend, and recommended sentence length. Results: Perceived risk was generally higher for male offenders and those from an adverse background. Recommended sentences were shorter for female offenders. A post hoc analysis examining racism attitudes as a moderator as opposed to a covariate found a significant three-way interaction between racism, race/ethnicity of offender, and adverse background. Specifically, participants scoring higher on the racism scales evidenced higher risk ratings for Black offenders but only when they came from non-adverse social backgrounds. Discussion: All else being equal, laypeople are prone to interpret offenders as higher risk if they are male and from an adverse social background. No clear evidence of evaluator bias based on race/ethnicity was found, but the post hoc interaction is in need of replication. Overall, the findings suggest that differences in risk perception were more influenced by adverse social background variables than race/ethnicity. Consequently, efforts to reduce overrepresentation of racial/ethnic minority offenders in the criminal justice system will likely be more effective if they focus on systemic inequalities rather than evaluator bias.
Concavity and rigidity in non-negative curvature
Creators: name: Verdiani, Luigi
name: Ziller, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C20, 53C20, 58D19

description: This is a significantly improved version with new applications. We show that there are many cohomogeneity one manifolds which do not admit an analytic invariant metric with non-negative sectional curvature, although they do have a smooth one. In particular, there are no invariant metric with positive curvature.
Galaxy kinematics and star formation in dense environments from z=1.4 to z=0.5
Creators: name: Perez Martinez, Jose Manuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: To put strong constraints on the environmental impact on galaxies we investigate quantitatively the kinematic status of galaxies in several clusters at z~1.4, z~0.9 and z~0.5 using FORS2, VIMOS and OSIRIS-GTC data. We use different representations of the Tully-Fisher relation to study galaxy evolution between the starting point of the hierarchical assembly of clusters, and the epoch when half of the cluster mass has been already accreted. At high redshift we examine their rotational support and star formation status before they become the passive population we see in clusters at later stages. At the same time, the good spatial resolution of our data at lower redshift allows a thorough analysis of subtle kinematical irregularities that trace different kinds of interactions during the infalling phase and their impact on scaling relations. Finally, I will discuss the connection between the kinematic status of cluster galaxies and their star formation history during these two important epochs.
O estado da arte nas pesquisas no para-taekwondo - uma revisão de escopo
Creators: name: De Oliveira, Raphaela Alves Feitosa
name: De Moura Simim, Mário Antônio
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Parataekwondo
subject: Paralympic Sports
subject: Adapted Sports

description: O Para taekwondo (PTKD) é uma modalidade derivada do Taekwondo olímpico que permite a prática de pessoas com diversos tipos deficiência, no entanto, nos Jogos Paralímpicos estão inclusos apenas indivíduos com deficiência física de membros superiores. Estes paratletas são divididos em classes esportivas, sendo a K41 para amputação bilateral acima ou através do cotovelo, e a K44 para amputação unilateral ou diminuição da força muscular. Por ser uma recente inclusão no programa paralímpico, os aspectos relacionados à produção científica devem ser estimulados. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste estudo é revisar a produção científica acerca do PTKD e sugerir direcionamentos para estudos futuros. Estudos foram identificados a partir de busca sistemática em cinco bases de dados, sem limitações de idiomas e data de publicação. Os trabalhos foram analisados em relação a frequência em 9 áreas de estudo e sumarizados de acordo com as áreas de estudos estabelecidas pelo Comitê Paralímpico Internacional (IPC). Foram incluídos no estudo 38 trabalhos. Caracterização da modalidade, aspectos sociais e performance foram as principais áreas de concentração dos estudos. Dentre os tipos de deficiência, predomina-se os estudos envolvendo deficiência física (19 estudos). A maior parte dos estudos está publicada em inglês (16 estudos), seguidos de português (9 estudos) e espanhol (9 estudos). Concluímos que pouca atenção foi dada aos demais tipos de deficiência elegíveis para a prática do PTKD. Sugerimos que uma futura avaliação crítica de pesquisadores especialistas em relação a suas perguntas específicas ajudaria a orientar os pesquisadores a fornecer pesquisas relevantes.
Kinematics of lensed galaxies with 3D Bayesian model
Creators: name: Rizzo, Francesca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The spatially resolved kinematics of high-redshift galaxies is a fundamental tool to understand the interplay between dark matter and baryons. However, a robust interpretation of the kinematic properties of these galaxies is hampered by the low spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio of available observations. These limitations can be overcome by targeting strong gravitationally lensed galaxies. Furthermore, the magnification of gravitational lensing offers the possibility to study galaxies in the low-mass range of 10ˆ8-10^9 solar masses. In this talk, I will present a new code that allows to simultaneously recover the lens-mass distribution and the source kinematics directly from the 3D data cube. I will show some tests, obtained by applying this new technique to simulated OSIRIS observations of star forming lensed galaxies with different kinematic properties. These tests ensure that this method represents a unique approach for measuring the detailed kinematic properties of high-redshift lensed galaxies. Finally, I will show some applications of this novel technique on a sample of z~2-3 lensed galaxies aimed at deriving the Tully-Fisher relation and their dark matter content.
Wilsonian Approach to Fluid/Gravity Duality
Creators: name: Bredberg, Irene
name: Keeler, Cynthia
name: Lysov, Vyacheslav
name: Strominger, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of gravitational fluctuations confined inside a finite cutoff at radius $r=r_c$ outside the horizon in a general class of black hole geometries is considered. Consistent boundary conditions at both the cutoff surface and the horizon are found and the resulting modes analyzed. For general cutoff $r_c$ the dispersion relation is shown at long wavelengths to be that of a linearized Navier-Stokes fluid living on the cutoff surface. A cutoff-dependent line-integral formula for the diffusion constant $D(r_c)$ is derived. The dependence on $r_c$ is interpreted as renormalization group (RG) flow in the fluid. Taking the cutoff to infinity in an asymptotically AdS context, the formula for $D(\infty)$ reproduces as a special case well-known results derived using AdS/CFT. Taking the cutoff to the horizon, the effective speed of sound goes to infinity, the fluid becomes incompressible and the Navier-Stokes dispersion relation becomes exact. The resulting universal formula for the diffusion constant $D(horizon)$ reproduces old results from the membrane paradigm. Hence the old membrane paradigm results and new AdS/CFT results are related by RG flow. RG flow-invariance of the viscosity to entropy ratio $η/s$ is shown to follow from the first law of thermodynamics together with isentropy of radial evolution in classical gravity. The ratio is expected to run when quantum gravitational corrections are included.
description: 34 pages, harvmac, clarified boundary condition
Dissipation-induced pure Gaussian state
Creators: name: Koga, Kei
name: Yamamoto, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper provides some necessary and sufficient conditions for a generalMarkovian Gaussian master equation to have a unique pure steady state. The conditions are described by simple matrix equations; thus the so-called environment engineering problem for pure-Gaussian-state preparation can be straightforwardly dealt with in the linear algebraic framework. In fact, based on one of those conditions, for an arbitrary given pure Gaussian state,we obtain a complete parametrization of the Gaussian master equation having that state as a unique steady state; this leads to a systematic procedure for engineering a desired dissipative system.We demonstrate some examples including Gaussian cluster states.
description: 8 pages
Insights Into the Micelle-Induced β-Hairpin-to-α-Helix Transition of a LytA-Derived Peptide by Photo-CIDNP Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Gomez, M. V.
name: Ruiz-Castañeda, M.
name: Nitschke, Philipp
name: Gschwind, Ruth Maria
name: Jiménez, M. A.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: photo-CIDNP; NMR spectroscopy; in situ illumination; LytA-derived peptide; tyrosine side chains; molecular motion; conformational transition
subject: 540 Chemie

description: A choline-binding module from pneumococcal LytA autolysin, LytA239–252, was reported to have a highly stable nativelike β-hairpin in aqueous solution, which turns into a stable amphipathic α-helix in the presence of micelles. Here, we aim to obtain insights into this DPC-micelle triggered β-hairpin-to-α-helix conformational transition using photo-CIDNP NMR experiments. Our results illustrate the dependency between photo-CIDNP phenomena and the light intensity in the sample volume, showing that the use of smaller-diameter (2.5 mm) NMR tubes instead of the conventional 5 mm ones enables more efficient illumination for our laser-diode light setup. Photo-CIDNP experiments reveal different solvent accessibility for the two tyrosine residues, Y249 and Y250, the latter being less accessible to the solvent. The cross-polarization effects of these two tyrosine residues of LytA239–252 allow for deeper insights and evidence their different behavior, showing that the Y250 aromatic side chain is involved in a stronger interaction with DPC micelles than Y249 is. These results can be interpreted in terms of the DPC micelle disrupting the aromatic stacking between W241 and Y250 present in the nativelike β-hairpin, hence initiating conversion towards the α-helix structure. Our photo-CIDNP methodology represents a powerful tool for observing residue-level information in switch peptides that is difficult to obtain by other spectroscopic techniques.
An exploration of school-related factors associated with school completion for children and youth with behaviour disorders and mental illnesses in BC
Creators: name: Tong, Jennifer A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: This exploratory study investigated a range of factors that might predict whether students with behaviour disorders and mental illnesses would or would not successfully complete high school. The data for this study, extracted from the BC Ministry of Education database, included all students born between 1991 and 1994 who were enrolled in BC public and independent schools identified with behaviour disorders and mental illness (N = 16,498). A descriptive, quantitative analysis was conducted to identify associations between a range of variables - (a) demographic information, (b) school engagement factors, (c) Foundations Skills Assessment (FSA) performance, and (d) special needs designations - and completing or failing to complete high school. Logistic regression analyses identified the predictive probability of factors associated with graduation or failure to graduate. Secondary analyses were conducted for two sub-populations of students with behaviour disorders and mental illnesses, Aboriginal students and English Language Learners, to determine if similar differences existed between students who complete high school and those who do not. The study found evidence that students with behaviour disorders and mental illnesses in British Columbia have the poorest school completion rates in comparison to any other group of typical or special needs students in the province. Attendance at non-standard schools, grade repetition, multiple school changes, and early departure from school were significant predictors of the failure to complete secondary school. Students of Aboriginal ancestry were grossly overrepresented among students with behaviour disorders and mental illnesses and at a significant disadvantage with respect to high school completion in comparison to all other peers.
Dynamical locality and covariance: What makes a physical theory the same in all spacetimes?
Creators: name: Fewster, Christopher J.
name: Verch, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question of what it means for a theory to describe the same physics on all spacetimes (SPASs) is discussed. As there may be many answers to this question, we isolate a necessary condition, the SPASs property, that should be satisfied by any reasonable notion of SPASs. This requires that if two theories conform to a common notion of SPASs, with one a subtheory of the other, and are isomorphic in some particular spacetime, then they should be isomorphic in all globally hyperbolic spacetimes (of given dimension). The SPASs property is formulated in a functorial setting broad enough to describe general physical theories describing processes in spacetime, subject to very minimal assumptions. By explicit constructions, the full class of locally covariant theories is shown not to satisfy the SPASs property, establishing that there is no notion of SPASs encompassing all such theories. It is also shown that all locally covariant theories obeying the time-slice property possess two local substructures, one kinematical (obtained directly from the functorial structure) and the other dynamical (obtained from a natural form of dynamics, termed relative Cauchy evolution). The covariance properties of relative Cauchy evolution and the kinematic and dynamical substructures are analyzed in detail. Calling local covariant theories dynamically local if their kinematical and dynamical local substructures coincide, it is shown that the class of dynamically local theories fulfills the SPASs property. As an application in quantum field theory, we give a model independent proof of the impossibility of making a covariant choice of preferred state in all spacetimes, for theories obeying dynamical locality together with typical assumptions.
description: 60 pages, LaTeX. Version to appear in Annales Henri Poincare
Risk Factors for Self-Reported Financial Exploitation
Creators: name: Yi (Jen) Yang
name: Smith, David Victor
name: Fareri, Dominic S.
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: neuroeconomics
subject: aging
subject: decision making
subject: financial exploitation

description: addendum to previous preregistrations
Noisy channel coding via privacy amplification and information reconciliation
Creators: name: Renes, Joseph M.
name: Renner, Renato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show that optimal protocols for noisy channel coding of public or private information over either classical or quantum channels can be directly constructed from two more primitive information-theoretic tools: privacy amplification and information reconciliation, also known as data compression with side information. We do this in the one-shot scenario of structureless resources, and formulate our results in terms of the smooth min- and max-entropy. In the context of classical information theory, this shows that essentially all two-terminal protocols can be reduced to these two primitives, which are in turn governed by the smooth min- and max-entropies, respectively. In the context of quantum information theory, the recently-established duality of these two protocols means essentially all two-terminal protocols can be constructed using just a single primitive.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures. v2: final version for publication
Seeing AGN feedback in action with KMOS, SINFONI, and ALMA
Creators: name: Scholtz, Jan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: There have been number studies (e.g. Cresci et al 2015, Carniani et al 2016 ) observing anti-correlation between OIII (tracer of AGN driven outflows) and Halpha (tracer of unobscured star formation) in high luminosity quasars.  However, these studies have used only the unobscured star formation tracer (Halpha), leaving the obscured star formation unmapped. Utilising the largest sample of AGN observed with IFU at high redshift (KASHz survey), we selected 12 AGN with highest quality KMOS Halpha, OIII and deep ALMA (870 and 1100 micron) data to map both obscured and unobscured star formation as well as the AGN driven outflow. Using this unique sample of AGN with range of AGN luminosities, we compared the location of total star formation and the outflow from the AGN, as well as the sizes and star formation rates derived from the obscured and unobscured star formation tracers.  At the same time, part of our sample have been observed with both KASHz (KMOS) and SUPER (SINFONI) surveys. This overlap gives us a unique opportunity to assess the impact of using the more standard non-AO IFU observations (KMOS) compared to AO-assisted IFU observations (SINFONI) on our observables.
First mover effect in literature (2nd registration)
Creators: name: Morin, Olivier
name: Sobchuk, Oleg
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Comparative Literature
subject: Digital Humanities
subject: History
subject: literary genre
subject: cultural evolution
subject: digital humanities
subject: literary history

description: This is the second registration of the project investigating the "first-mover advantage" in literary history.
K-CLASH: A new KMOS GTO Survey at the build up of the red sequence
Creators: name: Vaughan, Sam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: KMOS has played a vital role in understanding the nature of galaxies at redshift 1-2, with a number of surveys such as KROSS, KMOS3D and the KMOS Cluster Survey opening a window into the spatially resolved rest-frame optical properties of star-forming galaxies at z>1. Combined with IFU observations in the local universe, these surveys show a wide disparity between the turbulent star- forming disks of earlier times and the quiescent, ordered spirals we see today. When, how and why did these transformations occur? To address these questions, I will present results from the KMOS-CLASH survey (K-CLASH- co-PIs: Tiley; Stott), a new Oxford KMOS GTO survey charting the spatially-resolved chemistries, kinematics, and matter content of hundreds of star-forming galaxies at 0.2
GPs estimations of duration that would be required to deliver BMJ’s ‘ten minute consultations’
Creators: name: Bradley, Stephen
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: This study will estimate the time that would be required to deliver care as outlined in ten minute consultation articles, detail the volume of tasks that is recommended by the authors of these articles and examine the extent to which these have changed over the past 20 years.
Low-Rank Structure Learning via Log-Sum Heuristic Recovery
Creators: name: Deng, Yue
name: Dai, Qionghai
name: Liu, Risheng
name: Zhang, Zengke
name: Hu, Sanqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recovering intrinsic data structure from corrupted observations plays an important role in various tasks in the communities of machine learning and signal processing. In this paper, we propose a novel model, named log-sum heuristic recovery (LHR), to learn the essential low-rank structure from corrupted data. Different from traditional approaches, which directly utilize $\ell_1$ norm to measure the sparseness, LHR introduces a more reasonable log-sum measurement to enhance the sparsity in both the intrinsic low-rank structure and in the sparse corruptions. Although the proposed LHR optimization is no longer convex, it still can be effectively solved by a majorization-minimization (MM) type algorithm, with which the non-convex objective function is iteratively replaced by its convex surrogate and LHR finally falls into the general framework of reweighed approaches. We prove that the MM-type algorithm can converge to a stationary point after successive iteration. We test the performance of our proposed model by applying it to solve two typical problems: robust principal component analysis (RPCA) and low-rank representation (LRR). For RPCA, we compare LHR with the benchmark Principal Component Pursuit (PCP) method from both the perspectives of simulations and practical applications. For LRR, we apply LHR to compute the low-rank representation matrix for motion segmentation and stock clustering. Experimental results on low rank structure learning demonstrate that the proposed Log-sum based model performs much better than the $\ell_1$-based method on for data with higher rank and with denser corruptions.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures