cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Machine Learning Based Listener Classification and Authentication Using Frequency Following Responses to English Vowels for Biometric Applications
Creators: name: Borzou, Bijan
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Listener Classification
Listener Authentication
Biometrics
Machine Learning

description: Auditory Evoked Potentials (AEPs) have recently gained attention as a biometric feature that may improve security and address reliability shortfalls of other commonly-used biometric features. The objective of this thesis is to investigate the accuracy with which subjects can be automatically identified or authenticated with machine learning (ML) techniques using a type of AEP known as the speech-evoked frequency following response (FFR). Accordingly, the results show more accurate discrimination between FFRs from different subjects than what has been reported in past studies. The accuracy improvement is searched either by optimized hyperparameter tuning of the ML model or extracting new features from FFRs and feeding them as inputs to the model. Finally, the accuracy of authenticating subjects using FFRs is investigated using a "sheep vs. wolves" scenario. The results of this work shed more light on the potential of use of speech-evoked FFRs in biometric identification and authentication systems.
Stokes matrices for Airy equations
Creators: name: Hohl, Andreas
name: Jakob, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34M40, 33C20, 44A10

description: We compute Stokes matrices for generalised Airy equations and prove that they are regular unipotent (up to multiplication with the formal monodromy). This class of differential equations was defined by Katz and includes the classical Airy equation. In addition, it includes differential equations which are not rigid. Our approach is based on the topological computation of Stokes matrices of the enhanced Fourier-Sato transform of a perverse sheaf due to D'Agnolo, Hien, Morando and Sabbah.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures; final version for publication
Intermittency measurement in two dimensional bacterial turbulence
Creators: name: Qiu, Xiang
name: Ding, Long
name: Huang, Yongxiang
name: Chen, Ming
name: Lu, Zhiming
name: Liu, Yulu
name: Zhou, Quan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, an experimental velocity database of a bacterial collective motion , e.g., \textit{B. subtilis}, in turbulent phase with volume filling fraction $84\%$ provided by Professor Goldstein at the Cambridge University UK, was analyzed to emphasize the scaling behavior of this active turbulence system. This was accomplished by performing a Hilbert-based methodology analysis to retrieve the scaling property without the $β-$limitation. A dual-power-law behavior separated by the viscosity scale $\ell_ν$ was observed for the $q$th-order Hilbert moment $\mathcal{L}_q(k)$. This dual-power-law belongs to an inverse-cascade since the scaling range is above the injection scale $R$, e.g., the bacterial body length. The measured scaling exponents $ζ(q)$ of both the small-scale \red{(resp. $k>k_ν$) and large-scale (resp. $k
description: 23 pages, 7 figures. This paper is published on Physical Review E, 93, 062226, 2016
Resolvent estimates for time-harmonic Maxwell's equations in the partially anisotropic case
Creators: name: Schippa, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove resolvent estimates in $L^p$-spaces for time-harmonic Maxwell's equations in two spatial dimensions and in three dimensions in the partially anisotropic case. In the two-dimensional case the estimates are sharp up to endpoints. We consider anisotropic permittivity and permeability, which are both taken to be time-independent and spatially homogeneous. For the proof we diagonalize time-harmonic Maxwell's equations to equations involving Half-Laplacians. We apply these estimates to infer a Limiting Absorption Principle in intersections of $L^p$-spaces and to localize eigenvalues for perturbations by potentials.
description: 24 pages, revised version, accepted to JFAA
On density of compactly supported smooth functions in fractional Sobolev spaces
Creators: name: Dyda, Bartłomiej
name: Kijaczko, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 46E35, Secondary 35A15, 26D15

description: We describe some sufficient conditions, under which smooth and compactly supported functions are or are not dense in the fractional Sobolev space $W^{s,p}(Ω)$ for an open, bounded set $Ω\subset\mathbb{R}^{d}$. The density property is closely related to the lower and upper Assouad codimension of the boundary of $Ω$. We also describe explicitly the closure of $C_{c}^{\infty}(Ω)$ in $W^{s,p}(Ω)$ under some mild assumptions about the geometry of $Ω$. Finally, we prove a variant of a fractional order Hardy inequality.
Dirac fields in flat FLRW cosmology: Uniqueness of the Fock quantization
Creators: name: Cortez, Jerónimo
name: Navascués, Beatriz Elizaga
name: Martín-Benito, Mercedes
name: Marugán, Guillermo A. Mena
name: Velhinho, José M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the issue of the infinite ambiguity that affects the construction of a Fock quantization of a Dirac field propagating in a cosmological spacetime with flat compact sections. In particular, we discuss a physical criterion that restricts to a unique possibility (up to unitary equivalence) the infinite set of available vacua. We prove that this desired uniqueness is guaranteed, for any possible choice of spin structure on the spatial sections, if we impose two conditions. The first one is that the symmetries of the classical system must be implemented quantum mechanically, so that the vacuum is invariant under the symmetry transformations. The second and more important condition is that the constructed theory must have a quantum dynamics that is implementable as a (non-trivial) unitary operator in Fock space. Actually, this unitarity of the quantum dynamics leads us to identify as explicitly time dependent some very specific contributions of the Dirac field. In doing that, we essentially characterize the part of the dynamics governed by the Dirac equation that is unitarily implementable. The uniqueness of the Fock vacuum is attained then once a physically motivated convention for the concepts of particles and antiparticles is fixed.
description: 19 pages, submitted for publication to Annals of Physics
A non-perturbative no-go theorem for photon condensation in approximate models
Creators: name: Andolina, G. M.
name: Pellegrino, F. M. D.
name: Mercurio, A.
name: Di Stefano, O.
name: Polini, M.
name: Savasta, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Equilibrium phase transitions between a normal and a photon condensate state (also known as superradiant phase transitions) are a highly debated research topic, where proposals for their occurrence and no-go theorems have chased each other for the past four decades. Recent no-go theorems have demonstrated that gauge invariance forbids second-order phase transitions to a photon condensate state when the cavity-photon mode is assumed to be {\it spatially uniform}. However, it has been theoretically predicted that a collection of three-level systems coupled to light can display a first-order phase transition to a photon condensate state. %{It has also been recently shown that truncation of the Hilbert space of the matter system can affect the gauge invariance of the theory. However, it is always possible to obtain approximate Hamiltonians obeying the gauge principle in the truncated Hilbert space.} Here, we demonstrate a general no-go theorem valid also for truncated, gauge-invariant models which forbid first-order as well as second-order superradiant phase transitions in the absence of a coupling with a magnetic field. In particular, we explicitly consider the cases of interacting electrons in a lattice and $M$-level systems.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
Hot rolling lubrication and scale control in the processing of steel strip
Creators: name: Boelen, Robert.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Changing Masculinities: Perspectives on Engaging Men and Boys in Gender Equality Initiatives in Tamale, Ghana
Creators: name: Shahadu, Abdul Somed
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Masculinities
feminism

description: The past three decades have seen a significant increase in the engagement of men and boys in both policies and programs that seek to promote gender equality. This response is driven in part by the realization of men's central roles in determining women's well-being, and the wider acknowledgment that earlier gender equality initiatives achieved limited success due to the exclusion of men and boys. This study builds on a growing body of scholarship that calls for increased attention to men and masculinities in gender studies, policies and programs. Even though there have been interventions aimed at engaging men and boys, the number of evaluation studies documenting the effectiveness of these interventions is inadequate. This study therefore attempts to show the significance of men's participation in gender equality programs with regards to participant perspectives and project outcomes. Central to this dissertation is the imperative for feminist policies and programs to broaden their scope to reflect the fundamental principles of social and economic justice. Programs and policies must be geared towards enacting a truly transformative vision for development that recognizes and addresses structural constraints and unequal power relations between distinct groups. The gender and development discourse since the 1970s has been premised on the fact that men occupy positions of power in many cultures and institutions of governance, and that the way in which men exercise power over women results in inequities, inequalities, discrimination, and the subordination of women. The themes emerging from the findings of this study illustrate three broad points. Firstly, resistance is significant in gender equality work in Ghana and in many parts of Africa. Secondly, change is taking place, particularly for educated men, those working in the development sector, and those who see opportunities for alternative masculinities. In the spirit of leveraging the current momentum for change, gender equality programs must be context-specific, and linked to strategies of negotiation that are culturally relevant. In other words, gender equality does not have to always mean the same thing in all places.
Nonequilibrium phonon effects in midinfrared quantum cascade lasers
Creators: name: Shi, Y. B.
name: Knezevic, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of nonequilibrium phonon dynamics on the operation of a GaAs-based midinfrared quantum cascade laser over a range of temperatures (77--300 K) via a coupled ensemble Monte Carlo simulation of electron and optical-phonon systems. Nonequilibrium phonon effects are shown to be important below 200 K. At low temperatures, nonequilibrium phonons enhance injection selectivity and efficiency by drastically increasing the rate of interstage electron scattering from the lowest injector state to the next-stage upper lasing level via optical-phonon absorption. As a result, the current density and modal gain at a given field are higher and the threshold current density lower and considerably closer to experiment than results obtained with thermal phonons. By amplifying phonon absorption, nonequilibrium phonons also hinder electron energy relaxation and lead to elevated electronic temperatures.
The interference effects of multi-channel pion-pion scattering contributions to the final states of $Ψ$- and $Υ$-meson family decays
Creators: name: Surovtsev, Yu. S.
name: Bydžovský, P.
name: Gutsche, T.
name: Kamiński, R.
name: Lyubovitskij, V. E.
name: Nagy, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the basic shape of dipion mass distributions in the two-pion transitions of both charmonia and bottomonia states are explained by an unified mechanism based on the contribution of the $ππ$, $K\overline{K}$ and $ηη$ coupled channels including their interference.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, talk at the14th International Workshop on Meson Production, Properties and Interaction (Krakow, Poland, 2nd - 7th June 2016)
Lindblad Tomography of a Superconducting Quantum Processor
Creators: name: Samach, Gabriel O.
name: Greene, Ami
name: Borregaard, Johannes
name: Christandl, Matthias
name: Barreto, Joseph
name: Kim, David K.
name: McNally, Christopher M.
name: Melville, Alexander
name: Niedzielski, Bethany M.
name: Sung, Youngkyu
name: Rosenberg, Danna
name: Schwartz, Mollie E.
name: Yoder, Jonilyn L.
name: Orlando, Terry P.
name: Wang, Joel I-Jan
name: Gustavsson, Simon
name: Kjaergaard, Morten
name: Oliver, William D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As progress is made towards the first generation of error-corrected quantum computers, robust characterization and validation protocols are required to assess the noise environments of physical quantum processors. While standard coherence metrics and characterization protocols such as T1 and T2, process tomography, and randomized benchmarking are now ubiquitous, these techniques provide only partial information about the dynamic multi-qubit loss channels responsible for processor errors, which can be described more fully by a Lindblad operator in the master equation formalism. Here, we introduce and experimentally demonstrate Lindblad tomography, a hardware-agnostic characterization protocol for tomographically reconstructing the Hamiltonian and Lindblad operators of a quantum noise environment from an ensemble of time-domain measurements. Performing Lindblad tomography on a small superconducting quantum processor, we show that this technique characterizes and accounts for state-preparation and measurement (SPAM) errors and allows one to place bounds on the fit to a Markovian model. Comparing the results of single- and two-qubit measurements on a superconducting quantum processor, we demonstrate that Lindblad tomography can also be used to identify and quantify sources of crosstalk on quantum processors, such as the presence of always-on qubit-qubit interactions.
The impact of non-minimally coupled gravity on vacuum stability
Creators: name: Czerwińska, Olga
name: Lalak, Zygmunt
name: Lewicki, Marek
name: Olszewski, Paweł
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider vacuum decay in the presence of a non-minimal coupling to gravity. We extend the usual thin-wall solution to include the non-minimal coupling. We also perform a full numerical study and discuss the validity of the new thin-wall approximation. Implications of a large cosmological constant, whose influence on the geometry boosts the tunnelling rate, are discussed. Our results show that the influence of the non-minimal coupling differs significantly between the cases of Minkowski and deSitter backgrounds. In the latter the decay probability quickly decreases when the coupling grows and in fact the vacuum can be made absolutely stable simply due to introduction of the non-minimal coupling. In the case of Minkowski background the effect is much weaker and the decay rate even increases for small values of the non-minimal coupling.
Experimental investigation of friction characteristics of the Solid Rotor Oil Immersed Brake (SROIB)
Creators: name: Backstrom, Alan N. .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Hydrodynamic evaluation and startup of a laboratory-scale trickling filter
Creators: name: Ballesteros M., Laura
name: Díaz. P., Eliana
name: Ortiz. B., Laura
name: Sánchez. M., María
name: Lizcano Sandoval, Victor Augusto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: trickling filter
startup
hydrodynamics

description: This article presents the hydrodynamic evaluation and start-up of a trickling filter on a laboratory scale for the study of the behavior in the removal of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) in wastewater. The start-up of a reactor for wastewater treatment represents one of the most critical stages for the good performance of this type of technology. COD is a parameter used to measure the amount of organic matter and oxidizable compounds present in wastewater, being an important indicator of the pollutant load. The reactor was designed and built with a volume of 12L, using plastic as the filter medium. For the residual water, a nutrient medium of nitrogen and phosphorus was created with an initial COD of 500 mg/L and used as a substrate for the microorganisms present in the biofilm under different rates of hydraulic load, for their acclimatization. The COD was measured before and after the treatment to evaluate the removal efficiency. The experimental results showed an average efficiency of the reactor of 15%, due to the different limitations that were presented, however, it presented peaks of 75 and 90% removal. It was observed that the reactor requires a continuous flow of residual water to guarantee its efficiency, it would have to be evaluated if the filter medium that was used was effective in the removal of organic compounds.
Surface urban heat island of metropolitan Italian cities: tree cover and impervious surface influences - Supplementary materials
Creators: name: Morabito, Marco
name: Crisci, Alfonso
name: Messeri, Alessandro
name: Guerri, Giulia
name: Congedo, Luca
name: Munafò, Michele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: land consuption, tree cover, USLAND , landscape thermal, surface heat island

description: Based on the 2018 population census, around 70% of the Italian population lives in urban areas and just over 30% lives in the 10 metropolitan cities of the Italian peninsula. The knowledge of processes that regulate the urban microclimate is a priority in order to design acceptable thermal environments for urban living spaces. Studies investigating the right trade-off between the amount of important land surface temperature (LST) predictors, such as impervious and vegetated surfaces, are strongly encouraged. These LST-predictors strongly influence the urban landscape mosaic, also changing microclimate conditions and exacerbating the surface urban heat island (SUHI) phenomenon. The aim of this study was to lead an investigation of the summer daytime SUHI phenomenon and the role played by impervious and tree cover surfaces in the 10 peninsular metropolitan cities located in several Italian regions. Daytime summer LST values were assessed by using MODIS data referred to the months of June, July and August from 2016 to 2018. High spatial resolution (10 m) of impervious surface and tree cover layers were calculated based on open-data developed in this study by the Italian National Institute for Environmental Protection and Research. A novel informative urban surface landscape layer was implemented combining impervious surfaces and tree cover densities and its mapping for metropolitan cities were provided. The summer daytime SUHI significantly increased especially in inland cities by increasing the extension of the areas characterized by low tree cover densities in the metropolitan core (or decreasing the areas with low tree cover densities outside the metropolitan core), further rising its intensity when the impervious density grew. Increased impervious surfaces combined with low tree cover densities represented the main driving process to increase the summer daytime SUHI intensity in most studied cities. These findings are useful to identify summer daytime LST Hot-Spots and to implement the most efficient urban-heat-island mitigation strategies in order to safeguard the vulnerable urban environment and enhance the quality of life of the population.
description: In zip fiile dati_repository.zip it is possible to find:: Tree cover layer methodology in docx format. land surface mean from MODIS tree-cover and land consumption original zipped data ( must be unzipped). R code workflow to obtain USLAND,, tree-cover and land consumption for investigated areas. and others
Magneto-transport properties of CeRu$_2$Al$_{10}$: Similarities to URu$_2$Si$_2$
Creators: name: Zhang, Jiahao
name: Hu, Sile
name: Zhao, Hengcan
name: Wang, Pu
name: Strydom, A. M.
name: Luo, Jianlin
name: Steglich, Frank
name: Sun, Peijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on magneto-transport properties of the Kondo semiconducting compound CeRu$_2$Al$_{10}$, focusing on its exotic phase below $T_0$ = 27 K. In this phase, an excess thermal conductivity $κ$ emerges and is gradually suppressed by magnetic field, strikingly resembling those observed in the hidden-order phase of URu$_2$Si$_2$. Our analysis indicates that low-energy magnetic excitation is the most likely origin, as was also proposed for URu$_2$Si$_2$ recently, despite the largely reduced magnetic moments. Likewise, other transport properties such as resistivity, thermopower and Nernst effect exhibit distinct features characterizing the very different charge dynamics above and below $T_0$, sharing similarities to URu$_2$Si$_2$, too. Given the exotic nature of the ordered phases in both compounds, whether a unified interpretation to all these observations exists appears to be extremely interesting.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Open-air, low-temperature deposition of phase pure Cu2O thin films as efficient hole-transporting layers for silicon heterojunction solar cells
Creators: name: Nguyen, V.S.
name: Sekkat, A.
name: Bellet, D.
name: Chichignoud, G.
name: Kaminski-Cachopo, A.
name: Muñoz-Rojas, D.
name: Favre, W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other chemical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Recent research focuses on finding alternative materials and fabrication techniques to replace traditional (p) and (n) doped hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) to reduce cost and boost the efficiency of silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells. In this work, low-cost p-type Cu2O thin films have been investigated and integrated as a hole-transporting layer (HTL) in SHJ solar cells, using atmospheric-pressure spatial atomic layer deposition (AP-SALD), an open-air, scalable ALD approach. Phase pure Cu2O thin films have been deposited at temperatures below the degradation limit of the SHJ, thus maintaining the passivation effect of the a-Si:H layer. The effect of deposition temperatures and HTL thicknesses on the performance of the devices has been evaluated. The fabricated Cu2O HTL-based SHJ cells, having an area of 9 cm2, reach a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.7%, which is the highest reported efficiency for silicon-based solar cells incorporating a Cu2O HTL.
The effects of fibre type on the kinetics of oxygen delignification of kraft pulp
Creators: name: Liang, Hong.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Geometrical beaming of stellar mass ULXs
Creators: name: Middleton, Matthew
name: King, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence or lack of eclipses in the X-ray lightcurves of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) can be directly linked to the accreting system geometry. In the case where the compact object is stellar mass and radiates isotropically, we should expect eclipses by a main-sequence to sub-giant secondary star on the recurrence timescale of hours to days. X-ray lightcurves are now available for large numbers of ULXs as a result of the latest XMM-Newton catalogue. We determine the amount of fractional variability that should be injected into an otherwise featureless lightcurve for a given set of system parameters as a result of eclipses and compare this to the available data. We find that the vast majority of sources for which the variability has been measured to be non-zero and for which available observations meet the criteria for eclipse searches, have fractional variabilities which are too low to derive from eclipses and so must be viewed such that theta =< acos(R*/a). This would require that the disc subtends a larger angle than that of the secondary star and is therefore consistent with a conical outflow formed from super-critical accretion rates and implies some level of geometrical beaming in ULXs.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted to MNRAS letters
Twin Supergravities from Yang-Mills Squared
Creators: name: Anastasiou, A.
name: Borsten, L.
name: Duff, M. J.
name: Hughes, M. J.
name: Marrani, A.
name: Nagy, S.
name: Zoccali, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 83E50, 81T13, 81Q60

description: We consider `twin supergravities' - pairs of supergravities with $\mathcal{N}_+$ and $\mathcal{N}_-$ supersymmetries, $\mathcal{N}_+>\mathcal{N}_-$, with identical bosonic sectors - in the context of tensoring super Yang-Mills multiplets. It is demonstrated that the pairs of twin supergravity theories are related through their left and right super Yang-Mills factors. This procedure generates new theories from old. In particular, the matter coupled $\mathcal{N}_-$ twins in $D=3,5,6$ and the $\mathcal{N}_-=1$ twins in $D=4$ have not, as far as we are aware, been obtained previously using the double-copy construction, adding to the growing list of double-copy constructible theories. The use of fundamental matter multiplets in the double-copy construction leads us to introduce a bi-fundamental scalar that couples to the well-known bi-adjoint scalar field. It is also shown that certain matter coupled supergravities admit more than one factorisation into left and right super Yang-Mills-matter theories.
description: v2 reference added, 29 pages, 4 figs
Interactive map with TROPOMI and high-resolution scenes [Schuit et al. 2023: Automated detection and monitoring of methane super-emitters using satellite data]
Creators: name: Schuit, Berend J.
name: Maasakkers, Joannes D.
name: Bijl, Pieter
name: Mahapatra, Gourav
name: Van den Berg, Anne-Wil
name: Pandey, Sudhanshu
name: Lorente, Alba
name: Borsdorff, Tobias
name: Houweling, Sander
name: Varon, Daniel J.
name: McKeever, Jason
name: Jervis, Dylan
name: Girard, Marianne
name: Irakulis-Loitxate, Itziar
name: Gorroño, Javier
name: Guanter, Luis
name: Cusworth, Daniel H.
name: Aben, Ilse
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Methane, Plume, TROPOMI, GHGSat, PRISMA, Sentinel-2

description: Interactive map showing all pairs of TROPOMI & high-resolution instrument (GHGSat, PRISMA and Sentinel-2) plume detections shown in Figures 8, 9 and 10 of Schuit et al. 2023 [Automated detection and monitoring of methane super-emitters using satellite data, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9071-2023]. Details on each of the plumes are provided in Tables B1, B2, B3 and B4 in the paper. Section 2.6 of the paper provides details on the three high-resolution instruments. TROPOMI, PRISMA, Sentinel-2 and GEOS-FP data are publicly available, links are provided in the data availability section of the publication.
 GHGSat data are available at: https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/QQQ9IU, © GHGSat, Inc. Commercial use not permitted. The colorscales of the high-resolution instrument data correspond to the colorbar in Figure 10. The colorscale of the TROPOMI scenes ranges from the minimum concentration to the maximum concentration within the scene. This is different from the colorscale used in Figure 10, which shows a relative enhancement above the local background. Full citation of the paper: Schuit, B. J., Maasakkers, J. D., Bijl, P., Mahapatra, G., van den Berg, A.-W., Pandey, S., Lorente, A., Borsdorff, T., Houweling, S., Varon, D. J., McKeever, J., Jervis, D., Girard, M., Irakulis-Loitxate, I., Gorroño, J., Guanter, L., Cusworth, D. H., and Aben, I.: Automated detection and monitoring of methane super-emitters using satellite data, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 23, 9071–9098, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-9071-2023, 2023.
Learning through experimenting: an original way of teaching geometrical optics
Creators: name: Even, C.
name: Balland, C.
name: Guillet, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past 10 years, we have developed at University Paris Sud a first year course on geometrical optics centered on experimentation. In contrast with the traditional top-down learning structure usually applied at university, in which practical sessions are often a mere verification of the laws taught during preceding lectures, this course promotes "active learning" and focuses on experiments made by the students. Interaction among students and self questioning are strongly encouraged and practicing comes first, before any theoretical knowledge. Through a series of concrete examples, the present paper describes the philosophy underlying the teaching in this course. We demonstrate that not only geometrical optics can be taught through experiments, but also that it can serve as a useful introduction to experimental physics. Feedback over the last ten years shows that our approach succeeds in helping students to learn better and acquire motivation and autonomy. This approach can easily be applied to other fields of physics.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures
Interactive map with TROPOMI and high-resolution scenes [Schuit et al. 2023: Automated detection and monitoring of methane super-emitters using satellite data]
Creators: name: Schuit, Berend J.
name: Maasakkers, Joannes D.
name: Bijl, Pieter
name: Mahapatra, Gourav
name: Van den Berg, Anne-Wil
name: Pandey, Sudhanshu
name: Lorente, Alba
name: Borsdorff, Tobias
name: Houweling, Sander
name: Varon, Daniel J.
name: McKeever, Jason
name: Jervis, Dylan
name: Girard, Marianne
name: Irakulis-Loitxate, Itziar
name: Gorroño, Javier
name: Guanter, Luis
name: Cusworth, Daniel H.
name: Aben, Ilse
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Methane, Plume, TROPOMI, GHGSat, PRISMA, Sentinel-2

description: Interactive map showing all pairs of TROPOMI & high-resolution instrument (GHGSat, PRISMA and Sentinel-2) plume detections shown in Figures 8, 9 and 10 of Schuit et al. 2023 [Automated detection and monitoring of methane super-emitters using satellite data, DOI]. Details on each of the plumes are provided in Tables B1, B2, B3 and B4 in the paper. Section 2.6 of the paper provides details on the three high-resolution instruments. TROPOMI, PRISMA, Sentinel-2 and GEOS-FP data are publicly available, links are provided in the data availability section of the publication.
 GHGSat data are available at: https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/QQQ9IU, © GHGSat, Inc. Commercial use not permitted. The colorscales of the high-resolution instrument data correspond to the colorbar in Figure 10. The colorscale of the TROPOMI scenes ranges from the minimum concentration to the maximum concentration within the scene. This is different from the colorscale used in Figure 10, which shows a relative enhancement above the local background.
A neuro-fuzzy classification system model
Creators: name: Bridie, Jane Hope.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
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An improved probabilistic approach for linking progenitor and descendant galaxy populations using comoving number density
Creators: name: Wellons, Sarah
name: Torrey, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy populations at different cosmic epochs are often linked together by comoving cumulative number density in observational studies. Many theoretical works, however, have shown that the number densities of tracked galaxy populations evolve in bulk and spread out over time. We present a number density method for linking progenitor and descendant galaxy populations which takes both of these effects into account. We define probability distribution functions that capture the evolution and dispersion of galaxy populations in comoving number density space, and use these functions to assign galaxies at one redshift $z_f$ probabilities of being progenitors or descendants of a galaxy population at another redshift $z_0$. These probabilities are then used as weights for calculating distributions of physical properties such as stellar mass, star formation rate, or velocity dispersion within the progenitor/descendant population. We demonstrate that this probabilistic method provides more accurate predictions for the evolution of physical properties then either the assumption of a constant number density or the assumption of an evolving number density in a bin of fixed width by comparing the predictions against galaxy populations directly tracked through a cosmological simulation. We find that the constant number density method performs most poorly at recovering galaxy properties, the evolving number method density slightly better, and the probabilistic number density method best of all. The improvement is present for predictions of both stellar mass as well as inferred quantities such as star formation rate and velocity dispersion which were not included in the number density fits. We demonstrate that this method can also be applied robustly and easily to observational data, and provide a code package for doing so.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, submitted to MNRAS, comments welcome!
Dissipative quasi-particle picture for quadratic Markovian open quantum systems
Creators: name: Carollo, Federico
name: Alba, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlations between different regions of a quantum many-body system can be quantified through measures based on entropies of (reduced) subsystem states. For closed systems, several analytical and numerical tools, e.g., hydrodynamic theories or tensor networks, can accurately capture the time-evolution of subsystem entropies, thus allowing for a profound understanding of the unitary dynamics of quantum correlations. However, so far, these methods either cannot be applied to open quantum systems or do not permit an efficient computation of quantum entropies for mixed states. Here, we make progress in solving this issue by formulating a dissipative quasi-particle picture -- describing the dynamics of quantum entropies in the hydrodynamic limit -- for a general class of noninteracting open quantum systems. Our results show that also in dissipative many-body systems, correlations are generically established through the propagation of quasi-particles.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures. Substantial rewriting. Modified figures. As published in PRB
Pickands' constant at first order in an expansion around Brownian motion
Creators: name: Delorme, Mathieu
name: Rosso, Alberto
name: Wiese, Kay Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the theory of extreme values of Gaussian processes, many results are expressed in terms of the Pickands constant $\mathcal{H}_α$. This constant depends on the local self-similarity exponent $α$ of the process, i.e. locally it is a fractional Brownian motion (fBm) of Hurst index $H=α/2$. Despite its importance, only two values of the Pickands constant are known: ${\cal H}_1 =1$ and ${\cal H}_2=1/\sqrtπ$. Here, we extend the recent perturbative approach to fBm to include drift terms. This allows us to investigate the Pickands constant $\mathcal{H}_α$ around standard Brownian motion ($α=1$) and to derive the new exact result $\mathcal{H}_α=1 - (α-1) γ_{\rm E} + \mathcal{O}\!\left( α-1\right)^{2}$.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
Design and development of new abilities
Creators: name: Gafitulin, M.S.
Publisher: name: TRIZ in Evolution
Year: 2024
Subjects: TRIZ
prospective education
cognitive and creative activity (CCA)
ability development

description: The changes in the world are accelerating, resulting in more unconventional situations. Prior knowledge and experience often do not provide the right answer to solve a problem. We need new ways to find solutions to complicated problems. This study is the author’s approach to the development of human abilities in educational settings.
The puzzle of the CNO isotope ratios in AGB carbon stars
Creators: name: Abia, Carlos
name: Hedrosa, Rubén P.
name: Domínguez, Inma
name: Straniero, Oscar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous determinations of the oxygen isotopic ratios in AGB carbon stars were at odds with the existing theoretical predictions. We aim to redetermine the oxygen ratios in these stars using new spectral analysis tools and further develop discussions on the carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios in order to elucidate this problem. Oxygen isotopic ratios were derived from spectra in the K-band in a sample of galactic AGB carbon stars of different spectral types and near solar metallicity. Synthetic spectra calculated in LTE with spherical carbon-rich atmosphere models and updated molecular line lists were used. The CNO isotope ratios derived in a homogeneous way, were compared with theoretical predictions for low-mass (1.5-3 M_o) AGB stars computed with the FUNS code assuming extra mixing both during the RGB and AGB phases. For most of the stars the 16O/17O/18O ratios derived are in good agreement with theoretical predictions confirming that, for AGB stars, are established using the values reached after the FDU according to the initial stellar mass. This fact, as far as the oxygen isotopic ratios are concerned, leaves little space for the operation of any extra mixing mechanism during the AGB phase. Nevertheless, for a few stars with large 16O/17O/18O, the operation of such a mechanism might be required, although their observed 12C/13C and 14N/15N ratios would be difficult to reconcile within this scenario. Furthermore, J-type stars tend to have lower 16O/17O ratios than the normal carbon stars, as already indicated in previous studies. Excluding these peculiar stars, AGB carbon stars occupy the same region as pre-solar type I oxide grains in a 17O/16O vs. 18O/16O diagram, showing little spread. This reinforces the idea that these grains were probably formed in low-mass stars during the previous O-rich phases.
description: Accepted fo publication in A&A
Combined impact of entropy and carrier delocalization on charge transfer exciton dissociation at the donor-acceptor interface
Creators: name: Ono, Shota
name: Ohno, Kaoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several models of the charge transfer exciton (CTE) have been proposed to explain its dissociation at the donor-acceptor (DA) interface. However, the underlying physics is still under debate. Here, we derive temperature ($T$)-dependent tight-binding model for an electron-hole pair at the DA interface. The main finding is the existence of the localization-delocalization transition at a critical $T$, which can explain the CTE dissociation. The present study highlights the combined effect of entropy (finite-$T$) and carrier delocalization in the CTE dissociation.
description: in Phys. Rev. B (2016)
The phase space analysis of modified gravity (MOG)
Creators: name: Jamali, Sara
name: Roshan, Mahmood
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the cosmological consequences of a scalar-vector-tensor theory of gravity known as MOG. In MOG, in addition to metric tensor, there are two scalar fields $G(x)$ and $μ(x)$, and one vector field $ϕ_α(x)$. Using the phase space analysis, we explore the cosmological consequences of a model of MOG and find some new interesting features which are absent in $Λ$CDM model. More specifically we study the possibility that if the extra fields of this theory behave like dark energy to explain the cosmic speedup. More interestingly, with or without cosmological constant, strongly phantom crossing happens. Also we find that this theory in its original form ($Λ\neq 0$), possesses a true sequence of cosmological epochs. Albeit we show that, surprisingly, there are two radiation dominated epochs $f_5$ and $f_6$, two matter dominated phases $f_3$ and $f_4$, and two late time accelerated eras $f_{12}$ and $f_{7}$. Depending on the initial conditions the universe will realize only three of these six eras. However, the matter dominated phases are dramatically different from the standard matter dominated epoch. In these phases the cosmic scale factor grows as $a(t)\sim t^{0.46}$ and $t^{0.52}$, respectively, which are slower than the standard case, i.e. $a(t)\sim t^{2/3}$. Considering these results we discuss the cosmological viability of MOG.
description: To appear in EPJC
Building the Motivation Management System for Implementation of TRIZ Projects at Production Facilities
Creators: name: Trantin A.
name: M., Rubin
name: Kulakov, A.
Publisher: name: TRIZ in Evolution
Year: 2024
Subjects: motivation
project roles
role matrix
TRIZ infrastructure of a production facility
TRIZ Cup
TRIZ projects at production facilities

description: The project team’s motivation management is a hot topic for any system that is based on implementation of projects, especially where project teams are made up of operations staff. The difficulties of handling the motivation in TRIZ projects under implementation at production facilities of non-ferrous metallurgy are caused by the existing model of approach to improvement/change projects, in which contradictions of ensuring the production plan and implementing new solutions coexist. The paper will analyse some of the key specific features of such a project approach, cover the topic of establishing the motivation management system through non-monetary aspects of motivation development, and discuss particular examples demonstrating the efficiency of the authors' solutions for establishment of the motivation management system for project teams that implement projects in non-ferrous metallurgy and related industries.
Variational quantum eigensolver for the Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the kagome lattice
Creators: name: Kattemölle, Joris
name: van Wezel, Jasper
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Establishing the nature of the ground state of the Heisenberg antiferromagnet (HAFM) on the kagome lattice is well known to be a prohibitively difficult problem for classical computers. Here, we give a detailed proposal for a Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) intending to solve this physical problem on a quantum computer. At the same time, this VQE constitutes an explicit experimental proposal for showing a useful quantum advantage on Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices because of its natural hardware compatibility. We classically emulate noiseless and noisy quantum computers with either 2D-grid or all-to-all connectivity and simulate patches of the kagome HAFM of up to 20 sites. In the noiseless case, the ground-state energy, as found by the VQE, approaches the true ground-state energy exponentially as a function of the circuit depth. Furthermore, VQEs for the HAFM on any graph can inherently perform their quantum computations in a decoherence-free subspace that protects against collective longitudinal and collective transversal noise, adding to the noise-resilience of these algorithms. Nevertheless, the extent of the effects of other noise types suggests the need for error mitigation and performance targets alternative to high-fidelity ground-state preparation, even for essentially hardware-native VQEs.
description: Added noise effects, system-size scaling, decoherence-free subspace encoding. Published version, 19 pages, 13 figures