cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
First Scanning Tunnelling Spectroscopy on Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 (Bi2223) single crystals
Creators: name: Kugler, Martin
name: Levy, Giorgio
name: Giannini, Enrico
name: Piriou, Alex
name: Manuel, Alfred A.
name: Hess, Christian
name: Fischer, Oystein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first low temperature scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy study of high quality Bi2223 crystals. We present atomic resolution and show spectroscopic data acquired on two different samples. In one case, for Tc= 109K and a transition width of only 1K, we obtained an extremely homogeneous sample with a gap value of 60 meV over at least 50 nm. In the other case, the respective parameters were Tc= 111K with a transition width of 1.7K and yielded a slightly less homogeneous sample with a gap of 45 meV. We evidence strong similarities with Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 (Bi2212) and discuss the doping level of our samples.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to the proceedings of SNS04 published as a Special Issue of the Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids
Financial Situation and Performance of Canadian Farms 2009
Creators: name: Niekamp, Deborah
name: Niekamp, Deborah
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Farm Income
subject: Farm Debt
subject: Farm Typology
subject: Farm Performance
subject: Farm Net Worth

description: This publication is a resource book of statistics on farm income in Canada. Farm income is a complex issue because of the diversity of Canadian farms and agricultural production in Canada. This resource book focuses on both income and the opportunities and challenges facing Canadian producers to provide a better understanding of the financial conditions of farms and farm families in Canada. Charts, figures and tables with brief accompanying text are used to summarize information and to provide base performance indicators.
Coherent and Purcell-enhanced emission from erbium dopants in a cryogenic high-Q resonator
Creators: name: Merkel, Benjamin
name: Ulanowski, Alexander
name: Reiserer, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stability and outstanding coherence of dopants and other atom-like defects in tailored host crystals make them a leading platform for the implementation of distributed quantum information processing and sensing in quantum networks. Albeit the required efficient light-matter coupling can be achieved via the integration into nanoscale resonators, in this approach the proximity of interfaces is detrimental to the coherence of even the least-sensitive emitters. Here, we establish an alternative: By integrating a 19 micrometer thin erbium-doped crystal into a cryogenic Fabry-Perot resonator with a quality factor of nine million, we can demonstrate 59(6)-fold enhancement of the emission rate, corresponding to a two-level Purcell factor of 530(50), while preserving lifetime-limited optical coherence up to 0.54(1) ms. With its emission at the minimal-loss wavelength of optical fibers and its outcoupling efficiency of 46(8) %, our system enables coherent and efficient nodes for long-distance quantum networks.
Superfluidity of "dirty" indirect excitons and magnetoexcitons in two-dimensional trap
Creators: name: Berman, Oleg L.
name: Lozovik, Yurii E.
name: Snoke, David W.
name: Coalson, Rob D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superfluid phase transition of bosons in a two-dimensional (2D) system with disorder and an external parabolic potential is studied. The theory is applied to experiments on indirect excitons in coupled quantum wells. The random field is allowed to be large compared to the dipole-dipole repulsion between excitons. The slope of the external parabolic trap is assumed to change slowly enough to apply the local density approximation (LDA) for the superfluid density, which allows us to calculate the Kosterlitz-Thouless temperature $T_{c}(n(r))$ at each local point $r$ of the trap. The superfluid phase occurs around the center of the trap ($\mathbf{r}=0$) with the normal phase outside this area. As temperature increases, the superfluid area shrinks and disappears at temperature $T_{c}(n(r=0))$. Disorder acts to deplete the condensate; the minimal total number of excitons for which superfluidity exists increases with disorder at fixed temperature. If the disorder is large enough, it can destroy the superfluid entirely. The effect of magnetic field is also calculated for the case of indirect excitons. In a strong magnetic field $H$, the superfluid component decreases, primarily due to the change of the exciton effective mass.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
On condensation of topological defects and confinement
Creators: name: Gaete, Patricio
name: Wotzasek, Clovis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the static quantum potential for a theory of anti-symmetric tensor fields that results from the condensation of topological defects, within the framework of the gauge-invariant but path-dependent variables formalism. Our calculations show that the interaction energy is the sum of a Yukawa and a linear potentials, leading to the confinement of static probe charges.
description: 9 pages, Revtex, no figures. One of us (PG) would like to dedicate this work to the memory of Jian-Jun Yang; a mispelling of a quoted author is corrected
European Union Agricultural Policy Institutions and Decision Making Processes
Creators: name: Vaughan, Odette
name: Tanguay, Luc
name: Gilmour, Brad
name: Vaughan, Odette
name: Tanguay, Luc
name: Gilmour, Brad
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: European Union
subject: agriculture
subject: policy
subject: institution
subject: legislation

description: This note examines European Union (EU) institutions and policy making processes in relation to its agriculture and food sector. With a market comprised of 495 million people across 27 countries and a comprehensive agricultural policy accounting for the largest share of the EU budget, how the EU policy environment functions is important to Canada. Decisions are made at the supranational EU level for agriculture, fisheries, trade, and regional development, while decision-making related to other policies occurs at the individual country level or through a system of inter-governmental cooperation. Decision-making occurs in three institutions: the Commission, the Council and the Parliament. Agriculture negotiations typically begin with a text drafted by the Council. Then the Commissioner for Agriculture works with national-level farm ministers to prepare a final text. Council decisions are voted on by member states' ministers. A qualified majority of a minimum of 74% of votes must be in favour for decisions related to agriculture. Agriculture policy is the only EU policy to receive most of its funding from the EU budget. Operating agriculture policy at the supranational level allows the EU to achieve a more level playing field for farmers across the member states. Knowledge of these and other facts relating to the EU's agri-food policy institutions and their responsibilities and decision-making processes allows us to better understand and anticipate policy outcomes in the EU.
Household Responses to Individual Shocks: Disability and Labor Supply
Creators: name: Gallipoli, Giovanni
name: Turner, Laura
name: Gallipoli, Giovanni
name: Turner, Laura
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Idiosyncratic Risk
subject: Disability
subject: Life Cycle Labor Supply
subject: Intrahousehold Insurance

description: What are idiosyncratic shocks and how do people respond to them? This paper starts from the observation that idiosyncratic shocks are experienced at the individual level, but responses to shocks can encompass the whole household. Understanding and accurately modeling these responses is essential to the analysis of intra-household allocations, especially labor supply. Using longitudinal data from the Canadian Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (SLID) we exploit information about disability and health status to develop a life-cycle framework which rationalizes observed responses of household members to idiosyncratic shocks. Two puzzling findings associated to disability onset motivate our work: (1) the almost complete absence of `added worker' effects within households and, (2) the fact that single agents' labor supply responses to disability shocks are larger and more persistent than those of married agents. We show that a first-pass, basic model of the household has predictions about dynamic labor supply responses which are at odds with these facts; despite such failure, we argue that these facts are consistent with optimal household behavior when we account for two simple mechanisms: the first mechanism relates to selection into and out of marriage, while the second hinges on insurance transfers taking place within households. We show that these mechanisms arise naturally when we allow for three features: a linkage between human capital accumulation and life-cycle labor supply, endogenous marriage contracts and the possibility of time transfers between partners. We also report evidence that the extended model with endogenous marriage contracts can fit divorce patterns observed in Canadian data, as well as correlations between disability prevalence and marital status, providing an ideal framework to study intra-household risk-sharing with limited commitment.
Leibniz superalgebras graded by finite root systems
Creators: name: Hu, Naihong
name: Liu, Dong
name: Zhu, and Linsheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17A32, 17A99, 17B35, 17B55

description: The structure of Lie algebras, Lie superalgebras and Leibniz algebras graded by finite root systems has been studied by several researchers since 1992. In this paper, we study the structure of Leibniz superalgebras graded by finite root systems, which gives an approach to study various classes of Leibniz superalgebras.
description: Latex, 15 pages
Scaling Behavior of Public Procurement Activity
Creators: name: Curado, António
name: Damásio, Bruno
name: Encarnação, Sara
name: Candia, Cristian
name: Pinheiro, Flávio L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Public procurement refers to the purchase by public sector entities, such as government departments or local authorities, of Services, Goods, or Works. It accounts for a significant share of OECD countries' expenditures. However, while governments are expected to execute them as efficiently as possible, there is a lack of methodologies for an adequate comparison of procurement activity between institutions at different scales, which represents a challenge for policymakers and academics. Here, we propose using methods from urban scaling laws literature to study public procurement activity among 278 Portuguese municipalities between 2011 and 2018. We find that public procurement expenditure scales sub-linearly with population size, indicating an economy of scale for public spending as cities increase their population size. Moreover, when looking at the municipal Scale-Adjusted Indicators (the deviations from the scaling laws) by contract type -- Works, Goods, and Services -- we obtain a new local characterization of municipalities based on the similarity of procurement activity. These results make up a framework for quantitatively studying local public expenditure by enabling policymakers a more appropriate ground for comparative analysis.
description: 6 Figures
On the Legitimacy of Coercion for the Financing of Public Goods
Creators: name: Bierbrauer, Felix
name: Bierbrauer, Felix
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: Public goods
subject: Mechanism Design
subject: Incomplete Contracts
subject: Regulation

description: The literature on public goods has shown that efficient outcomes are impossible if participation constraints have to be respected. This paper addresses the question whether they should be imposed. It asks under what conditions efficiency considerations justify that individuals are forced to pay for public goods that they do not value. It is shown that participation constraints are desirable if public goods are provided by a malevolent Leviathan. By contrast, with a Pigouvian planner, efficiency can be achieved. Finally, the paper studies the delegation of public goods provision to a profit-maximizing firm. This also makes participation constraints desirable.
A Reliable Communication Framework and Its Use in Internet of Things (IoT).pdf
Creators: name: Alam, Tanweer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80503 Networking and Communications
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Peoples are naturally communicators but devices are not. In the Internet of Things (IoT) architecture, the smart devices (SDs), sensors, programs and association of smart objects are connected together to transfer information among them. The SD is designed as physical device linked with computing resources that are capable to connect and communicate with another SD through any medium and protocol. The communication among intelligent physical things is a challenging task to exchange information that guaranteed to reach to the destination completely in a real time with the same order as sending without corruption. The reliable communication between physical things can be built in the transmission control protocol (TCP) layers. In TCP layer, the reliable communication is required the error detection, correction and confirmation to exchange information among smart devices. In this paper, the author represents a framework to deal with reliability issues to enable the adoption of IoT devices. The results found the improvement in reliability.
Foreclosing Competition through Access Charges and Price Discrimination
Creators: name: Lopez, Angel L.
name: Rey, Patrick
name: Lopez, Angel L.
name: Rey, Patrick
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Access Pricing
subject: Entry Deterrence
subject: Interconnection
subject: Network Competition
subject: Two-way Access

description: This article analyzes competition between two asymmetric networks, an incumbent and a new entrant. Networks compete in non-linear tariffs and may charge different prices for on-net and off-net calls. Departing from cost-based access pricing allows the incumbent to foreclose the market in a profitable way. If the incumbent benefits from customer inertia, then it has an incentive to insist in the highest possible access markup even if access charges are reciprocal and even in the absence of actual switching costs. If instead the entrant benefits from customer activism, then foreclosure is profitable only when switching costs are large enough.
A High Position Resolution X-ray Detector: an Edge on Illuminated Capillary Plate Combined with a Gas Amplification Structure
Creators: name: Iacobaeus, C.
name: Francke, T.
name: Lund-Jensen, B.
name: Ostling, J.
name: Pavlopoulos, P.
name: Peskov, V.
name: Tokanai, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed and successfully tested a prototype of a new type of high position resolution hybrid X-ray detector. It contains a thin wall lead glass capillary plate converter of X-rays combined with a microgap parallel-plate avalanche chamber filled with gas at 1 atm. The operation of these converters was studied in a wide range of X-ray energies (from 6 to 60 keV) at incident angles varying from 0-90 degree. The detection efficiency, depending on the geometry, photon energy, incident angle and the mode of operation, was between 5-30 percent in a single step mode and up to 50 percent in a multi-layered combination. Depending on the capillary geometry, the position resolution achieved was between 0.050-0.250 mm in digital form and was practically independent of the photon energy or gas mixture. The usual lead glass capillary plates operated without noticeable charging up effects at counting rates of 50 Hz/mm2, and hydrogen treated capillaries up to 10E5 Hz/mm2. The developed detector may open new possibilities for medical imaging, for example in mammography, portal imaging, radiography (including security devices), crystallography and many other applications.
description: Presented at the IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium, Roma, Octber 2004
Mechanism of decoherence-free coupling between giant atoms
Creators: name: Carollo, Angelo
name: Cilluffo, Dario
name: Ciccarello, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Giant atoms are a new paradigm of quantum optics going beyond the usual local coupling. Building on this, a new type of decoherence-free (DF) many-body Hamiltonians was shown in a broadband waveguide. Here, these are incorporated in a general framework (not relying on master equations) and contrasted to dispersive DF Hamiltonians with normal atoms: the two schemes are shown to correspond to qualitatively different ways to match the same general condition for suppressing decoherence. Next, we map the giant atoms dynamics into a cascaded collision model (CM), providing an intuitive interpretation of the connection between non-trivial DF Hamiltonians and coupling points topology. The braided configuration is shown to implement a scheme where a shuttling system subject to periodic phase kicks mediates a DF coupling between the atoms. From the viewpoint of CMs theory, this shows a collision model where ancillas effectively implement a dissipationless, maximally-entangling two-qubit gate on the system.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Nuclear versus Coal plus CCS: A Comparison of Two Competitive Base-load Climate Control Options
Creators: name: Tavoni, Massimo
name: Van Der Zwaan, Bob
name: Tavoni, Massimo
name: Van Der Zwaan, Bob
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Economic Competition
subject: Electricity Sector
subject: Nuclear Power
subject: Coal Power
subject: CCS
subject: Renewables
subject: Climate Policy

description: In this paper we analyze the relative importance and mutual behavior of two competing base-load electricity generation options that each are capable of contributing significantly to the abatement of global CO2 emissions: nuclear energy and coal-based power production complemented with CO2 capture and storage (CCS). We also investigate how, in scenarios from an integrated assessment model that simulates the economics of a climate-constrained world, the prospects for nuclear energy would change if exogenous limitations on the spread of nuclear technology were relaxed. Using the climate change economics model WITCH we find that until 2050 the resulting growth rates of nuclear electricity generation capacity become comparable to historical rates observed during the 1980s. Given that nuclear energy continues to face serious challenges and contention, we inspect how extensive the improvements of coal-based power equipped with CCS technology would need to be if our model is to significantly scale down the construction of new nuclear power plants.
Noncommutative Symmetric Functions and Lagrange Inversion
Creators: name: Novelli, Jean-Christophe
name: Thibon, Jean-Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We compute the noncommutative Frobenius characteristic of the natural action of the 0-Hecke algebra on parking functions, and obtain as corollaries various forms of the noncommutative Lagrange inversion formula.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures, LaTEX
Statistical Microlensing Toward Magnified High-Redshift Star Clusters
Creators: name: Dai, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study light variability of gravitationally magnified high-redshift star clusters induced by a foreground population of microlenses. This arises as the incoherent superposition of light variations from a large number of source stars traversing the random magnification pattern on the source plane. The light curve resembles a scale-invariant, Gaussian process on timescales of years to decades, while exhibits rapid and frequent micro-caustic crossing flares of larger amplitudes on timescales of days to months. For a concrete example, we study a young Lyman-continuum-leaking star cluster recently discovered in the lensed Sunburst Arc at $z=2.37$. We show that one magnified image happens to be intervened by a faint foreground galaxy, and hence should exhibit a variable flux at the $1$--$2\%$ level, which is measurable in space with $\sim 1$--$3\,$ks exposures on the Hubble Space Telescope and more easily with the James Webb Space Telescope, or from the ground using a $\sim$4-meter telescope without adaptive optics. Detailed measurement of this variability will enable us to determine the absolute macro magnification and hence the intrinsic mass and length scales of the star cluster, test synthetic models of stellar population, and probe multiplicity of massive stars. We furthermore suggest that monitoring the other lensed images of the star cluster, which are free from significant intervention by foreground stellar microlenses, will allow us to probe planetary to stellar mass compact objects constituting as little as just a few percent of the dark matter. Given the typical surface density of intracluster stars, we expect this phenomenon to be relevant for many other gravitationally magnified star clusters at Cosmic Noon behind galaxy cluster lenses.
description: 16 pages including references, 8 figures, and 1 table. Match version accepted to MNRAS
CMI Computing A Cloud, MANET and Internet of Things Integration for Future Internet.pdf
Creators: name: Alam, Tanweer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed Computing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The wireless communication is making it easier for smart devices to communicate with one another in terms of the network of the Internet of Things. Smart devices are automatically linked and built up a network on their own. But there are more obstacles to safe access within the network itself. Mobile devices such as smart home automation access point, smart washing machines, mobile boards, temperature sensors, colorchanging smart lighting, smartphones, wearable devices, and smart appliances, etc. are widespread in our daily lives and is becoming valuable tools with wireless communication abilities that are using specific wireless standards that are commonly used with IEEE 802.11 access points. On the realism of the Internet, security has been perceived as a prominent inhibitor of embracing the cloud paradigm. It is resource storage and management that may lay in any since the cloud environment is a distributed architecture, which place of the world, many concerns have been raised over its vulnerabilities, security threats and challenges. The involvement of various parties has widened these concerns based on each party's perspective and objective. The Cloud point of view we mainly discuss the causes of obstacles and challenges related to security, reliability, privacy and service availability. The wireless communication Security has been raised as one of the most critical issues of cloud computing where resolving such an issue would result in constant growth in the cloud’s use and popularity. Our purpose of this study is to create a framework of mobile ad hoc network mobility model using cloud computing for providing secure communication among smart devices network for the internet of things in 5G heterogeneous networks. Our main contribution links a new methodology for providing secure communication on the internet of smart devices in 5G. Our methodology uses the correct and efficient simulation of the desired study and can be implemented in a framework of the Internet of Things in 5G.
Non-bossy Social Classification
Creators: name: Dimitrov, Dinko
name: Puppe, Clemens
name: Dimitrov, Dinko
name: Puppe, Clemens
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Social Aggregation
subject: Group Identity
subject: Liberalism
subject: Non-bossiness

description: We consider the problem of how societies should be partitioned into classes if individuals express their views about who should be put with whom in the same class. A non-bossiness condition makes the social aggregator dependent only on those cells of the individual partitions the society members classify themselves in. This information is used to construct for each profile of views an opinion graph. By means of natural sovereignty and liberalism requirements, we characterize the non-bossy aggregators generating partitions in which the social classes are refinements of the connected components in the opinion graph.
Kinetics of Collisionless Continuous Medium
Creators: name: Kozlov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we develop Poincaré ideas about a heat balance of ideal gas considered as a collisionless continuous medium. We obtain the theorems on diffusion in nondegenerate completely integrable systems. As a corollary we show that for any initial distribution the gas will be eventually irreversibly and uniformly distributed over all volume, although every particle during this process approaches arbitrarily close to the initial position indefinitely many times. However, such individual returnability is not uniform, which results in diffusion in a reversible and conservative system. Balancing of pressure and internal energy of ideal gas is proved, the formulas for limit values of these quantities are given and the classical law for ideal gas in a heat balance is deduced. It is shown that the increase of entropy of gas under the adiabatic extension follows from the law of motion of a collisionless continuous medium.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
Anisotropic optical properties of detwinned BaFe$_{2}$As$_{2}$
Creators: name: Homes, Christopher C.
name: Wolf, Thomas
name: Meingast, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical properties of a large, detwinned single crystal of BaFe$_2$As$_2$ have been examined over a wide frequency range above and below the structural and magnetic transition at $T_{\rm N}\simeq 138$ K. Above $T_{\rm N}$ the real part of the optical conductivity and the two infrared-active lattice modes are almost completely isotropic; the lattice modes show a weak polarization dependence just above $T_{\rm N}$. For $T
description: 8 pages with 5 figures and 1 table; expanded supplementary material
The Pace of Technology Transfer in Anticipation of Joint Venture Breakup
Creators: name: Van Long, Ngo
name: Soubeyran, Antoine
name: Soubeyran, Raphael
name: Van Long, Ngo
name: Soubeyran, Antoine
name: Soubeyran, Raphael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Technology Transfer
subject: Joint Venture
subject: Developing Economies

description: This paper studies the properties of joint-venture relationship between a technologically advanced multinational firm and a local firm operating in a developing economy where the ability to enforce contracts is weak. We formulate a dynamic model of principal-agent relationship in which at any point of time the local firm can quit without legal penalties. An early breakup may be prevented if the multinational designs a suitable scheme in which both the pace and aggregate amount of technology transfer deviate from the first-best, and a suitable flow of side payments to encourage the local firm to stay longer.
On the Real Effects of Bank Bailouts: Micro-Evidence from Japan
Creators: name: Giannetti, Mariassunta
name: Simonov, Andrei
name: Giannetti, Mariassunta
name: Simonov, Andrei
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Recapitalization
subject: Merger
subject: Banking Crisis

description: Exploiting the Japanese banking crisis as a laboratory, we provide firm-level evidence on the real effects of bank bailouts. Government recapitalizations result in positive abnormal returns for the clients of recapitalized banks. After recapitalizations, banks extend larger loans to their clients and some firms increase investment, but do not create more jobs than comparable firms. Most importantly, recapitalizations allow banks to extend larger loans to low and high quality firms alike, and low quality firms experience higher abnormal returns than other firms. Interestingly, recapitalizations by private investors have similar effects. Moreover, bank mergers engineered to enhance bank stability appear to hurt the borrowers of the sounder banks involved in the mergers.
Genetic Algorithm Reviews, Implementations, and Applications.pdf
Creators: name: Alam, Tanweer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80705 Informetrics
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Nowadays genetic algorithm (GA) is greatly used in engineering pedagogy as an adaptive technique to learn and solve complex problems and issues. It is a meta-heuristic approach that is used to solve hybrid computation challenges. GA utilizes selection, crossover, and mutation operators to effectively manage the searching system strategy. This algorithm is derived from natural selection and genetics concepts. GA is an intelligent use of random search supported with historical data to contribute the search in an area of the improved outcome within a coverage framework. Such algorithms are widely used for maintaining high-quality reactions to optimize issues and problems investigation. These techniques are recognized to be somewhat of a statistical investigation process to search for a suitable solution or prevent an accurate strategy for challenges in optimization or searches. These techniques have been produced from natural selection or genetics principles. For random testing, historical information is provided with intelligent enslavement to continue moving the search out from the area of improved features for processing of the outcomes. It is a category of heuristics of evolutionary history using behavioral science-influenced methods like an annuity, gene, preference, or combination (sometimes refers to as hybridization). This method seemed to be a valuable tool to find solutions for problems optimization. In this paper, the author has explored the GAs, its role in engineering pedagogies, and the emerging areas where it is using, and its implementation.
Cloud-MANET and its Role in Software-Defined Networking.pdf
Creators: name: Alam, Tanweer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80503 Networking and Communications
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The telecommunication networking technologies are changing day by day with the advancement of the existing technologies. In proposed 5G networks, the role of Software-defined networking (SDN) is to provide programmable networking and decoupling the control and data plane. SDN comes from the requirement for providing the dynamic, high speed with low latency connectivity in real-time. This requirement introduces a new framework for creating programmable networking, decoupling forwarding and controlling planes, flexible real-time network, virtualizations in networking for managing the complexities in 5G heterogeneous networking. The emergence of virtualization has become the most useful technology for creating virtual machines remotely and apply security rules using programmable hardware to control centrally. In this article, the author discussed the cloud-based mobile ad hoc network (Cloud-MANET or sometimes called C-MANET) in the architecture of SDN for 5G heterogeneous networks. The main idea of creating the CMANET mobility model in the SDN framework is to enable programmable networking and accessibility for the moving devices in the range of MANET and cloud connectivity. In the framework of SDN, the C-MANET mobility model implementation is not an easy task, but it can be a very useful contribution to add this model in the framework of SDN so that it provides the connection service in that location where internet or cellular networks are impossible or at the situation of a disaster, etc.
Time-separable Utility, Leisure and Human Capital Accumulation: What New Implications for the Environment-Growth Nexus?
Creators: name: Pautrel, Xavier
name: Pautrel, Xavier
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Leisure
subject: Human Capital
subject: Environmental Tax

description: Using a time-separable utility function where leisure is introduced through the disutility of working time and is adjusted for quality, as measured by human capital to capture home production, we demonstrate that the environmental policy is harmful for growth. A tighter environmental tax reduces the incentives to educate by increasing leisure time and lowers the steady-state growth rate and lifetime welfare, whatever the source of pollution. We also demonstrate that the intertemporal elasticity of substitution in labor supply plays a crucial role in the marginal impact of the environmental tax on growth and welfare. When the positive influence of human capital is added into preferences (by explicitly modelling the home production sector), we find that the environmental policy promotes steady-state growth. This result challenges the finding by Hettich (1998) according to which, in the presence of leisure, the environmental tax does not affect human capital accumulation if the source of pollution is output.
Online Graph Completion: Multivariate Signal Recovery in Computer Vision
Creators: name: Kim, Won Hwa
name: Jalal, Mona
name: Hwang, Seongjae
name: Johnson, Sterling C.
name: Singh, Vikas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The adoption of "human-in-the-loop" paradigms in computer vision and machine learning is leading to various applications where the actual data acquisition (e.g., human supervision) and the underlying inference algorithms are closely interwined. While classical work in active learning provides effective solutions when the learning module involves classification and regression tasks, many practical issues such as partially observed measurements, financial constraints and even additional distributional or structural aspects of the data typically fall outside the scope of this treatment. For instance, with sequential acquisition of partial measurements of data that manifest as a matrix (or tensor), novel strategies for completion (or collaborative filtering) of the remaining entries have only been studied recently. Motivated by vision problems where we seek to annotate a large dataset of images via a crowdsourced platform or alternatively, complement results from a state-of-the-art object detector using human feedback, we study the "completion" problem defined on graphs, where requests for additional measurements must be made sequentially. We design the optimization model in the Fourier domain of the graph describing how ideas based on adaptive submodularity provide algorithms that work well in practice. On a large set of images collected from Imgur, we see promising results on images that are otherwise difficult to categorize. We also show applications to an experimental design problem in neuroimaging.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, CVPR 2017 Conference
A property-based approach to integrating information from multiple sources
Creators: name: Zhuang, Haohua (Howard)
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The challenge of integrating information from multiple data sources automatically, via computers, has long been of great interest in the area of Databases and Information Systems. It has become more important with the growth of the Internet and proliferation of Semi-Structured information sources. The major obstacle to integrating information from multiple sources lies in reconciling the meaning of data, which is known as Semantic Reconciliation or Semantic Integration. In the design of databases and information systems, the meaning of data that can be stored is usually described by a conceptual model. Thus, one needs to express data or transform data into a comprehensive and uniform conceptual model before approaching the issue of automatic (computerbased) integration. This thesis proposes a conceptual model - the property-based model - as the basis for semantic data integration. The main premise underlying the model is that to identify the meaning of data requires identifying what the data represents in the world. The branch of philosophy dealing with what exists in the world is Ontology; hence, the proposed model is based on ontological foundations. Specifically, it is based on Bunge's ontology as adapted to information systems by Wand and Weber, and on a method for semantic reconciliation proposed by Parsons and Wand. The thesis begins with an overview of research in the field of Information Integration. It discusses the most common type of conceptual models - the Class-Based Model, which includes the Entity- Relationship Model and Object-Oriented Models, and mentions some problems with this type of models. Then the thesis presents the property-based model. Based on the Property-Based model, the thesis proposes and develops a Property-Based Approach to integrating information from multiple sources. The approach uses two main tools, the Property-Precedence Schema (PPS) and the Instance Function (IF). After discussing briefly some practical issues, the thesis introduces a general integration procedure and demonstrates it on a case study to illustrate the usability of the approach.
Semi-Classical Analysis of the String Theory Cigar
Creators: name: Jafferis, Daniel Louis
name: Schneider, Elliot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the semi-classical limit of the reflection coefficient for the SL(2,R)_k/U(1) CFT. For large k, the CFT describes a string in a Euclidean black hole of 2-dimensional dilaton-gravity, whose target space is a cigar with an asymptotically linear dilaton. This sigma-model description is weakly coupled in the large k limit, and we investigate the saddle-point expansion of the functional integral that computes the reflection coefficient. As in the semi-classical limit of Liouville CFT, we find that one must complexify the functional integral and sum over complex saddles to reproduce the limit of the exact reflection coefficient. Unlike Liouville, the SL(2,R)_k/U(1) CFT admits bound states that manifest as poles of the reflection coefficient. To reproduce them in the semi-classical limit, we find that one must sum over configurations that hit the black hole singularity, but nevertheless contribute to the saddle-point expansion with finite action.
description: 61 pages
Density dependent spin susceptibility and effective mass in interacting quasi-two dimensional electron systems
Creators: name: Zhang, Ying
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experimental reports, we carry out a Fermi liquid many-body calculation of the interaction induced renormalization of the spin susceptibility and effective mass in realistic two dimensional (2D) electron systems as a function of carrier density using the leading-order `ladder-bubble' expansion in the dynamically screened Coulomb interaction. Using realistic material parameters for various semiconductor-based 2D systems, we find reasonable quantitative agreement with recent experimental susceptibility and effective mass measurements. We point out a number of open questions regarding quantitative aspects of the comparison between theory and experiment in low-density 2D electron systems.
Results of Dark Matter Search using the Full PandaX-II Exposure
Creators: name: Wang, Qiuhong
name: Abdukerim, Abdusalam
name: Chen, Wei
name: Chen, Xun
name: Chen, Yunhua
name: Cheng, Chen
name: Cui, Xiangyi
name: Fan, Yingjie
name: Fang, Deqing
name: Fu, Changbo
name: Fu, Mengting
name: Geng, Lisheng
name: Giboni, Karl
name: Gu, Linhui
name: Guo, Xuyuan
name: Han, Ke
name: He, Changda
name: Huang, Di
name: Huang, Yan
name: Huang, Yanlin
name: Huang, Zhou
name: Ji, Xiangdong
name: Ju, Yonglin
name: Li, Shuaijie
name: Liu, Huaxuan
name: Liu, Jianglai
name: Ma, Wenbo
name: Ma, Yugang
name: Mao, Yajun
name: Meng, Yue
name: Ni, Kaixiang
name: Ning, Jinhua
name: Ning, Xuyang
name: Ren, Xiangxiang
name: Shang, Changsong
name: Si, Lin
name: Shen, Guofang
name: Tan, Andi
name: Wang, Anqing
name: Wang, Hongwei
name: Wang, Meng
name: Wang, Siguang
name: Wang, Wei
name: Wang, Xiuli
name: Wang, Zhou
name: Wu, Mengmeng
name: Wu, Shiyong
name: Wu, Weihao
name: Xia, Jingkai
name: Xiao, Mengjiao
name: Xie, Pengwei
name: Yan, Binbin
name: Yang, Jijun
name: Yang, Yong
name: Yu, Chunxu
name: Yuan, Jumin
name: Yuan, Ying
name: Zeng, Xinning
name: Zhang, Dan
name: Zhang, Tao
name: Zhao, Li
name: Zheng, Qibin
name: Zhou, Jifang
name: Zhou, Ning
name: Zhou, Xiaopeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the dark matter search results obtained using the full 132 ton$\cdot$day exposure of the PandaX-II experiment, including all data from March 2016 to August 2018. No significant excess of events is identified above the expected background. Upper limits are set on the spin-independent dark matter-nucleon interactions. The lowest 90% confidence level exclusion on the spin-independent cross section is $2.2\times 10^{-46}$ cm$^2$ at a WIMP mass of 30 GeV/$c^2$.
description: 23 pages, 19 figures, 6 tables, version published in Chinese Physics C
Technical Efficiency of Freshwater Aquaculture and its Determinants in Tripura, India
Creators: name: Singh, Kehar
name: Dey, Madan Mohan
name: Rabbani, Abed G.
name: Sudhakaran, Pratheesh O.
name: Thapa, Ganesh
name: Singh, Kehar
name: Dey, Madan Mohan
name: Rabbani, Abed G.
name: Sudhakaran, Pratheesh O.
name: Thapa, Ganesh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Freshwater aquaculture is an important and promising sector of the economy of Tripura State. The biophysical potential for growth in freshwater aquaculture in the state is still far from exhaustion and a faster development is required to meet the growth in demand for fish. This paper has assessed the level of technical efficiency and its determinants of small-scale fish production in the West Tripura district of the state of Tripura, India. The study is based on the cross-sectional primary data collected from 101 fish farmers through a multi-stage random sampling method. The paper has employed stochastic production frontier approach, and has followed both one-stage and two-stage procedures to analyze the determinants of TE. The TE ranges between 0.21 and 0.96 with mean of 0.66 and median of 0.71. The study has revealed the Cobb-Douglas form of stochastic frontier production function is more dependable than that of translog form under the farming conditions in the West Tripura district of Tripura state. One-stage procedure with technical inefficiency model gives reliable estimates of coefficients of stochastic frontier production function than that of two-stage procedure. Seed quality has been found as an important determinant of TE. The study has suggested that the state government needs to play a role to ascertain the supply of quality fish fingerlings at adequate time and quantity to the farmers in the study area.
Critical coupling vortex with grating-induced high quality optical Tamm states
Creators: name: Bikbaev, Rashid G.
name: Maksimov, Dmitrii N.
name: Pankin, Pavel S.
name: Chen, Kuo-Ping
name: Timofeev, Ivan V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate optical Tamm states supported by a dielectric grating placed on top of a distributed Bragg reflector. It is found that under certain conditions the Tamm state may become a bound state in the continuum. The bound state, in its turn, induces the effect of critical coupling with reflectance amplitude reaching an exact zero. We demonstrate that the critical coupling point is located in the core of a vortex of the reflection amplitude gradient in space of wavelength and angle of incidence. The emergence of the vortex is explained by the coupled mode theory.
THE IMPACT OF SOCIAL CAPITAL ON THE REGIONAL GROWTH AND COMPETITIVENESS IN POLAND
Creators: name: Bronisz, Urszula
name: Heijman, Wim J.M.
name: Bronisz, Urszula
name: Heijman, Wim J.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Social capital
subject: Regional growth
subject: Polish regions

description: This article aims at presenting different approaches to the phenomenon of social capital. The concept of social capital is ambiguous and that is why we will highlight a number of definitions of this notion. The central attention of the paper focuses on the relationship between social capital and regional development and competitiveness. The fundamental question concerns the impact of social capital on the regional economic performance. Hence, we will survey the empirical examination of 16 Polish regions in terms of social capital. We will also study whether the regional level of social capital depends on the level of competitiveness. The purpose of this article is also to make a contribution to the discussion concerning the relationship between economic development and social capital.