cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The March 1999 and June 2003 CAP reforms: Main provisions
Creators: name: Guyomard, Hervé
name: Le Bris, Katell
name: Guyomard, Hervé
name: Le Bris, Katell
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The CAP reforms of March 1999 (2000 Agenda reform) and June 2003 (Luxemburg compromise) are part of a process started a few years earlier with the 1992 Mac Sharry reform. Although it did not come close to suppressing intervention and wholly liberalizing markets, the 1992 reform did represent a turning point. It suggested the reduction of price support and the compensation of induced income losses through direct aids, founded on the land (cereals and oleo-proteaginous) and livestock (beef) factors of production. The 1999 reform was a further step in the same direction, with new falls ininstitutional prices and partial compensation for income losses through direct aid, still founded on primary production factors. The 2003 reform goes farther by suppressing the link between direct aid and product choices. In other words, the 2003 reform goes even farther by “decoupling” the direct support aids from agricultural incomes. This paper presents the main provisions of both 1999 and 2003 reforms.
The mid-term CAP reform (June 2003) and French cereal farms in the intermediate regions
Creators: name: Sourie, Jean-Claude
name: Millet, Guy
name: Guindé, Loïc
name: Wepierre, Anne-Sophie
name: Sourie, Jean-Claude
name: Millet, Guy
name: Guindé, Loïc
name: Wepierre, Anne-Sophie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries

description: Using a regional model optimizing farmers’ agricultural income subject to a set of constraints, while also simulating the evolution of farming structures in the period 2002-2012, the impacts of the Luxembourg compromise on farm incomes and agricultural structures, the cropping pattern and agricultural decline (idle land) are here analysed with regard to cereal production in intermediate regions. Simulations show little risk of agriculture decline: a loss of 8% farms if cereal prices drop considerably, to 81€ by 2012. A recoupling of 25% of the aids makes this decline disappear in this price scenario, which supposes a drop in the intervention price. Following the Luxembourg compromise, the maintenance of the intervention price should impede such a fall in prices and so naturally slow down the decline. While the final “Fischler” proposals (scenario 1) would have entailed major drops in farm incomes per hectare and farm, the Luxembourg compromise (scenario 2) should allow for the levelling off of farm income (inflation rate of 1.4%), bearing in mind that according to the model 12% of farms closed down by 2012. Decoupling evens up cereals and oleaginous production, which is not surprising since aids coupled by crop have been identical since the Agenda 2000 implementation.
Network Economics and the Environment: Insights and Perspectives
Creators: name: Currarini, Sergio
name: Marchiori, Carmen
name: Tavoni, Alessandro
name: Currarini, Sergio
name: Marchiori, Carmen
name: Tavoni, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Networks
subject: Environmental Externalities
subject: Technological Diffusion
subject: Gas Pipelines
subject: Multi-level Governance
subject: Coalitions
subject: Common-pool Resources

description: Recent research in the field of network economics has shown how explicitly modelling the network structure of social and economic relations can provide significant theoretical insights, as well as account for previously unexplained empirical evidence. Despite their critical importance to many environmental problems, network structures and dynamics have been largely disregarded by the environmental economics literature. This paper aims to begin to fill this gap by analyzing how networks can provide new insights for both theory and practice, and identifying several avenues for future research. The paper addresses questions pertaining to a wide range of issues, including the adoption and diffusion of green technologies, access to and distribution of natural resources, common-pool resource management and governance, and the stability of international environmental coalitions.
Parton Distribution Functions of Heavy Mesons on the Light Front
Creators: name: Lan, Jiangshan
name: Mondal, Chandan
name: Li, Meijian
name: Li, Yang
name: Tang, Shuo
name: Zhao, Xingbo
name: Vary, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The parton distribution functions (PDFs) of heavy mesons are evaluated from their light-front wave functions, which are obtained from a basis light-front quantization in the leading Fock sector representation. We consider the mass eigenstates from an effective Hamiltonian consisting of the confining potential adopted from light-front holography in the transverse direction, a longitudinal confinement, and a one-gluon exchange interaction with running coupling. We present the gluon and the sea quark PDFs which we generate dynamically from the QCD evolution of the valence quark distributions.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Variations of TEC over Iberian Peninsula in 2015 due to geomagnetic storms and solar flares
Creators: name: Morozova, Anna L.
name: Barlyaeva, Tatiana V.
name: Barata, Teresa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The total ionospheric content (TEC) over the Iberian Peninsula was studied using data from two locations obtained both by GNSS receivers and an ionosonde. The principal component analysis applied to the TEC data allowed us to extract two main modes. Each mode is characterized by daily TEC variation of a certain type (PC) and its amplitude for each of the studied day (given by the empirical orthogonal functions, EOF). The variations of these modes as well as the original TEC data were studied in relations to four strongest geomagnetic storms of 2015 and three geomagnetic disturbances of lower amplitude observed during the same months. EOFs were found to correlate well with space weather parameters characterizing solar UV and XR fluxes, number of the solar flares, parameters of the solar wind and geomagnetic indices. Multiple regression models were constructed to fit EOFs using combinations of the space weather parameters with a lag from 0 to 2 days. Combining the regression models of EOFs with the corresponding PCs we reconstructed TEC variations as a function of space weather parameters observed in previous days. The possibility to use such reconstructions for the TEC forecasting was also studied.
description: 7 figures, 3 tables
The origin of large amplitude oscillations of dust particles in a plasma sheath
Creators: name: Harper, Joshua Méndez
name: Gogia, Guram
name: Wu, Brady
name: Laseter, Zachary
name: Burton, Justin C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Micron-size charged particles can be easily levitated in low-density plasma environments. At low pressures, suspended particles have been observed to spontaneously oscillate around an equilibrium position. In systems of many particles, these oscillations can catalyze a variety of nonequilibrium, collective behaviors. Here, we report spontaneous oscillations of single particles that remain stable for minutes with striking regularity in amplitude and frequency. The oscillation amplitude can also exceed 1 cm, nearly an order of magnitude larger than previously observed. Using an integrated experimental and numerical approach, we show how the motion of an individual particle can be used to extract the electrostatic force and equilibrium charge variation in the plasma sheath. Additionally, using a delayed-charging model, we are able to accurately capture the nonlinear dynamics of the particle motion, and estimate the particle's equilibrium charging time in the plasma environment.
Faith and Scriptural History in Early Modern Religious Writing
Creators: name: Ashmore, Joseph Lorcan
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Early modern literature
Religious writing
Lancelot Andrewes
Thomas Browne
Henry Vaughan
John Milton
Scriptural hermeneutics

description: This thesis examines the relationship between faith and scriptural history in early modern religious writing. While a renewed attention to the historicity of scriptural narratives in this period brought about a more evidence-based assent to the truth of biblical accounts, these developments also led religious writers to emphasise the role of faith in scriptural interpretation. The writers studied in this thesis—Lancelot Andrewes, Sir Thomas Browne, Henry Vaughan and John Milton—were aware that the history narrated by the Bible had the potential to be misread. Relying on historical evidence when reading scriptural accounts risked making the foundations of religious belief dependent upon human methods of proof. Focusing too intently on God’s historical interactions with humankind, moreover, could turn the past itself into an object of misdirected veneration. The thesis shows how these writers mobilised different genres in various historical contexts in order to guide their readers towards an interpretation of the scriptural past that was rooted in faith. Chapter one examines Lancelot Andrewes’s Easter Day sermons. It shows how he reconciled contemporary attempts to establish the credibility of scriptural history with a model of faith that relied on spiritual assurance. Chapter two uses Andrewes’s Good Friday preaching to demonstrate how he situated this faith-based interpretation of history within a liturgical context. Chapter three turns to the prose of Sir Thomas Browne. It suggests that Browne’s readings of the biblical past show how his interpretive faith operates in a private devotional setting. My fourth chapter examines the religious poetry of Henry Vaughan. Vaughan turns his readers away from making a nostalgic idol out of the biblical past, and inculcates within them a faithful endurance in times of acute contextual turmoil. The final chapter examines John Milton’s Paradise Lost. Milton’s epic warns its readers of the temptation to over-idealise an irrecoverably lost past, and reorients them towards an understanding of God’s continuing presence and redemptive promise.
description: Sponsored by the Arts and Humanities Research Council.
Wertschätzung von Biodiversität - Zur Modernisierung der Wirtschaftsberichterstattung in Deutschland (Bio-Mo-D). Policy Brief 10/2024
Creators: name: Grunewald, Karsten
name: Förster, Johannes
name: Hansjürgens, Bernd
name: Wildner, Tobias M.
name: Zieschank, Roland
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Bio-Mo-D
Biodiversität
Ecosystem Accounting
Naturkapital
Naturschutzpolitik
Ökosystemgesamtrechnung
Ökosystemleistungen
Wirtschaftsberichterstattung

description: Das Forschungsprojekt Bio-Mo-D (2021 – 2024) untersucht, wie nationale und unternehmerische Wirtschaftsberichterstattungen unter Einbeziehung von Biodiversität und Ökosystemleistungen (ÖSL) weiterentwickelt werden können. Der Hintergrund hierfür: Die Leistungsfähigkeit der Ökosysteme und der Biodiversität eines Landes sind Grundlage für sein Wohlergehen und den zukünftigen Wohlstand und sollten daher in staatlichen und unternehmerischen Wirtschaftsberichterstattungen berücksichtigt werden. Da es zudem viele dieser Leistungen quasi zum Nulltarif gibt, wurden Ökosysteme lange Zeit übernutzt und degradiert.
World Economic Recession and the Ascendancy of Protectionism: The Case of the Nigerian Agricultural Sector
Creators: name: Nwosu, A.C.
name: Nwosu, A.C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Agribusiness
International Development
Public Economics

description: Barners to agricultural trade durmg the colonial era and up to 1961 were imposed mamly to raise revenue. Accordingly, the barriers were export taxes rather than import tariffs. With the adoption of import substitution as a development philosophy, a more aggressive tariff pohcy was pursued. Thus, s1gn1f1cant increases in tariff rates occurred between 1967 and 1974. The decline in petroleum export earnings of the late 1970s and early 1980s, however, precipitated a rise in protectiomsm in which tanffs were remforced bystrmgent quantitative controls. The effects have been acute shortages of basic commod1ties, unprecedented mflatmn, and growing unemployment.
title: Article (2)_Bulletin de l'Union des sociétés dramatiques et lyriques du Nord de la France
Creators: name: AmateurS
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: ID_ARTI_00140
Lutilabria volgensis Anikin & Piskunov 1996
Creators: name: Junnilainen, Jari
name: Karsholt, Ole
name: Nupponen, Kari
name: Kaitila, Jari-Pekka
name: Nupponen, Timo
name: Olschwang, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Lutilabria
Lutilabria volgensis

description: Lutilabria volgensis Anikin & Piskunov, 1996
Arkaim 14.VI.1996 (3♂♂), 15.VI.1996 (2♂♂), 16.VI.1996 (1♂); Chalk Hills 03.VI.1998 (1♂), 06.VI.1998 (1♀), 03–07.VI.1998 (1♂, 1♀); Kandrykul 30.V.2001 (4♂♂); Kidriasovo 16.VI.1999 (1♂); Moskovo 02.VI.2004 (2♀); Verbljushka 10–12.VI.1998 (1♂, 5♀), 17.VI.1999 (1♂), 19.VI.1999 (1♂), 30.V.2004 (1♂), 31.V.2004 (1♂); Zesnokovka 09.VI.2001 (3♂♂). Genitalia slides: J. Junnilainen prep. no. 00022702, 02012005, 02030202, 02030203; K. Nupponen prep. no. 3/ 30.IV.2006 (♂).
 Distribution. Russia (S Ural).
 Remarks. See remarks of Lutilabria prolata in part I of this issue (Junnilainen & K. Nupponen 2010).
description: Published as part of Junnilainen, Jari, Karsholt, Ole, Nupponen, Kari, Kaitila, Jari-Pekka, Nupponen, Timo & Olschwang, Vladimir, 2010, The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part II: list of recorded species with taxonomic notes (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 2367, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2367 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2367.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10093655
X-Ray Observations of Cluster Mergers: Cluster Morphologies and Their Implications
Creators: name: Buote, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray observations have played a key role in the study of substructure and merging in galaxy clusters. I review the evidence for cluster substructure and mergers obtained from X-ray observations with satellites that operated before Chandra and XMM. Different techniques to study cluster mergers via X-ray imaging and spectral data are discussed with an emphasis on the quantitative analysis of cluster morphologies. I discuss the implications of measurements of cluster morphologies for cosmology and the origin of radio halos.
description: 29 pages, to appear in Merging Processes in Clusters of Galaxies, edited by L. Feretti, I. M. Gioia, and G. Giovannini (Dordrecht: Kluwer), in press (2001)
Brain stimulation reveals neural mechanisms of stereopsis
Creators: name: Schaeffner, Lukas Fabian
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Stereovision
Brain stimulation
Binocular disparity

description: Stereopsis is critical for interaction with our environment. However, binocular disparity in natural images is often ambiguous and this makes it difficult to establish a binocular correspondence solution. In my thesis, I focus on both the challenges of this problem and solutions that the brain applies. To study brain function, I use Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) which allows me to causally relate induced changes in neural activity with changes in depth perception. This way I can map out neural mechanisms of stereopsis within the visual cortex. As a first step, I conducted a proof of concept study to confirm where in the visual cortex TMS can be used to study perception. I systematically mapped out where in the visual cortex TMS triggers self-propagating, perceptually noticeable neural activation. I related this to the retinotopic organisation and the location of object- and motion-selective areas, identified by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. My work confirms that TMS can trigger perceptually significant neural activation in early and dorsal visual areas. In my second chapter, I investigated how incoherent binocular disparity challenges stereopsis. As disparity coherence is reduced it becomes increasingly challenging to establish global correspondence and consequently observers struggle to perceive depth. Interestingly, this problem is less severe when images contain a mixture of bright and dark features (mixed contrast polarity). By locating where in the brain disparity processing benefits from mixed contrast polarity, I can infer where incoherent disparity might challenge mechanisms of stereopsis. I applied TMS during discrimination of incoherent disparity in images with mixed or single contrast polarity. I found that stimulation over V1 differentially affects perception of mixed and single polarity stimuli. My findings show that mechanisms of stereopsis in early visual cortex process mixed and single polarity differently and suggest these mechanisms are challenged by incoherent disparity. In my final chapter, I investigated the role of parietal cortex in the processing of incoherent disparity information. Findings in both macaque monkeys and human observers suggest that the dorsal visual cortex is particularly involved in the processing of incoherent disparity signals. Here, I tested the role of the posterior parietal cortex in human observers. I used brain stimulation to suppress synaptic transmission in parietal cortex and recorded electroencephalography during incoherent disparity processing. Disrupting parietal cortex caused changes in early, disparity responses in visual cortex. This suggests that parietal cortex provides top-down influence to the visual cortex relevant to incoherent disparity processing.
description: European Commission (FP7, PRISM), Wellcome Trust
ON THIS DAY (November 2): Mattie E. Perry dies in South Carolina: She was the preacher who prayed for F.F. Bosworth's healing
Creators: name: Barnes, Roscoe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 210304 Biography
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 220401 Christian Studies (incl. Biblical Studies and Church History)
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 220402 Comparative Religious Studies
subject: Ethnic Studies
subject: Gender studies
subject: 210399 Historical Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: History
subject: Religious Studies

description: #FFBosworth Evangelist Mattie Elmina Perry (1868 - 1957) was the woman who prayed for F.F. Bosworth's healing. Had it not been for her healing prayer, Bosworth might have died of Tuberculosis as a young man, and the world would not have known him as a famous healing evangelist.
Improving Global Trade in Agriculture
Creators: name: Rossmiller, George E.
name: Grace, Anne F.
name: Linse, Delores
name: Rossmiller, George E.
name: Grace, Anne F.
name: Linse, Delores
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Agribusiness
International Relations/Trade

description: Countnes should use the least cost alternative either to produce food or to allow resources to flow to sectors that can generate necessary foreign exchange to import food Pressures to CA"POI t more and 1111port less are apparent and suggest that investments may be takmg place 1111mpo1 t substitution as well as export promotion Greater emphasis should be placed on flexible policies that emphasize stab1lizat1011 of medium- and long-te1111 expectations of both private households and fmns with respect to their tiadmg and moneta1y environments. Internatronal trade policies should be matched in each countrywith domestic pohc1es that fac1htate rnternat1onal flows of commodities. The roles of the mternat1onal mst1tut10ns-IMF, World Bank, and GA TT-should be reexamined functionally and orga111zat1onally lil the Bretton Woods spirit of cooperation
Enhanced Meta-Learning for Cross-lingual Named Entity Recognition with Minimal Resources
Creators: name: Wu, Qianhui
name: Lin, Zijia
name: Wang, Guoxin
name: Chen, Hui
name: Karlsson, Börje F.
name: Huang, Biqing
name: Lin, Chin-Yew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For languages with no annotated resources, transferring knowledge from rich-resource languages is an effective solution for named entity recognition (NER). While all existing methods directly transfer from source-learned model to a target language, in this paper, we propose to fine-tune the learned model with a few similar examples given a test case, which could benefit the prediction by leveraging the structural and semantic information conveyed in such similar examples. To this end, we present a meta-learning algorithm to find a good model parameter initialization that could fast adapt to the given test case and propose to construct multiple pseudo-NER tasks for meta-training by computing sentence similarities. To further improve the model's generalization ability across different languages, we introduce a masking scheme and augment the loss function with an additional maximum term during meta-training. We conduct extensive experiments on cross-lingual named entity recognition with minimal resources over five target languages. The results show that our approach significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods across the board.
description: This paper is accepted by AAAI2020. Code is available at https://github.com/microsoft/vert-papers/tree/master/papers/Meta-Cross
Additional file 1 of Changes to body mass index, work self-efficacy, health-related quality of life, and work participation in people with obesity after vocational rehabilitation: a prospective observational study
Creators: name: Linge, Anita Dyb
name: Jensen, Chris
name: Laake, Petter
name: Stål Kapstø Bjørkly
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. P-P-plotts. Assumption of normality was tested with P-P plots and were used to examine how closely the data sets agreed and to evaluate the plot distribution’s skewness.
Additional file 5 of Gut dysbiosis promotes prostate cancer progression and docetaxel resistance via activating NF-κB-IL6-STAT3 axis
Creators: name: Zhong, Weibo
name: Wu, Kaihui
name: Long, Zining
name: Zhou, Xumin
name: Zhong, Chuanfan
name: Wang, Shuo
name: Lai, Houhua
name: Guo, Yufei
name: Lv, Daojun
name: Lu, Jianming
name: Mao, Xiangming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 5: Supplement Table 2. β-diversity for mice (above) and human (below) of 16S rRNA sequence.
Amtliche Mitteilungen der Technischen Universität Dortmund Nr.2/2022
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 080

description: Zugangsordnung für den gemeinsamen internationalen Masterstudiengang „Advanced Methods in Particle Physics“ (Teilchenphysik) der Fakultät Physik an der Technischen Universität Dortmund vom 17. Januar 2022
description: Amtliche Mitteilungen der Technischen Universität Dortmund;2022; 2
A Modified Split Bregman Algorithm for Computing Microstructures Through Young Measures
Creators: name: Jaramillo, Gabriela
name: Venkataramani, Shankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 49J45, 65K10, 49J52

description: The goal of this paper is to describe the oscillatory microstructure that can emerge from minimizing sequences for nonconvex energies. We consider integral functionals that are defined on real valued (scalar) functions $u(x)$ which are nonconvex in the gradient $\nabla u$ and possibly also in $u$. To characterize the microstructures for these nonconvex energies, we minimize the associated relaxed energy using two novel approaches: i) a semi-analytical method based on control systems theory, ii) and a numerical scheme that combines convex splitting together with a modified version of the split Bregman algorithm. These solutions are then used to gain information about minimizing sequences of the original problem and the spatial distribution of microstructure.
description: 34 pages, 10 figures
SI Appendix for Manuscript: Reactivation of critical period plasticity in adult auditory cortex through chemogenetic silencing of parvalbumin-positive interneurons
Creators: name: Cisneros-Franco, Miguel
name: Étienne De Villers-Sidani
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Neuroscience

description: Sensory experience during early developmental critical periods (CPs) has profound and long-lasting effects on cortical sensory processing perduring well into adulthood. Although recent evidence has shown that reducing cortical inhibition during adulthood reinstates CP plasticity, the precise cellular mechanisms are not well understood. Here we show for the first time that the chemogenetic inactivation of parvalbumin-positive (PV+) interneurons is sufficient to reinstate CP plasticity in the adult auditory cortex. Bidirectional manipulation of PV+ cell activity affected neuronal spectral and sound intensity selectivity, and, in the case of PV+ interneuron inactivation, was mirrored by anatomical changes in PV and associated perineuronal net expression. These findings underscore the importance of sustained PV-mediated inhibitory neurotransmission throughout life and highlight the potential of chemogenetic approaches for harnessing cortical plasticity with the ultimate goal of aiding recovery from brain injury or disease.
The attached file includes methodological information in the acquisition of data as well as supplemental data.
Discovery of narrow X-ray absorption features from the dipping low-mass X-ray binary X 1624-490 with XMM-Newton
Creators: name: Parmar, A. N.
name: Oosterbroek, T.
name: Boirin, L.
name: Lumb, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of narrow X-ray absorption features from the dipping low-mass X-ray binary X 1624-490 during an XMM-Newton observation in 2001 February. The features are identified with the K alpha absorption lines of Fe xxv and Fe xxvi and have energies of 6.72 +/- 0.03 keV and 7.00 +/- 0.02 keV and equivalent widths (EWs) of -7.5 +1.7 -6.3 eV and -16.6 +1.9 -5.9 eV, respectively. The EWs show no obvious dependence on orbital phase, except during a dip, and correspond to a column of greater than 10^17.3 Fe atom /cm2. In addition, faint absorption features tentatively identified with Ni xxvii K alpha and Fe xxvi K beta may be present. A broad emission feature at 6.58 +0.07 -0.04 keV with an EW of 78 +19 -6 eV is also evident. This is probably the 6.4 keV feature reported by earlier missions since fitting a single Gaussian to the entire Fe-K region gives an energy of 6.39 +0.03 -0.04 keV. A deep absorption feature is present during the dip with an energy consistent with Fe xxv K alpha. This is the second dipping LMXRB source from which narrow Fe absorption features have been observed. Until recently the only X-ray binaries known to exhibit narrow X-ray absorption lines were two superluminal jet sources and it had been suggested that these features are related to the jet formation mechanism. It now appears likely that ionized absorption features may be common characteristics of accreting systems with accretion disks.
description: 6 pages. To appear in A&A
Memory Management in Resource-Bounded Agents
Creators: name: Pitoni, Valentina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1; I.2.4

description: In artificial intelligence, multi agent systems constitute an interesting typology of society modeling, and have in this regard vast fields of application, which extend to the human sciences. Logic is often used to model such kind of systems as it is easier to verify the explainability and validation, so for this reason we have tried to manage agents' memory extending a previous work by inserting the concept of time.
description: In Proceedings ICLP 2019, arXiv:1909.07646. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1909.08256
Cathedrals and the Church of England, c.1660-1714
Creators: name: Soulieux-Evans, Alice Jeanne
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Cathedrals
Church of England
Anglicanism
Restoration period
Comprehension
Nonconformity
Dissent
Religious identity
English Reformation
Antiquarianism
Episcopacy
Laudianism
Post-revolutionary period
Reformation of manners
Historical writing
Act of Uniformity
Act of Toleration
Long eighteenth century
Later Stuart Church
Late seventeenth century

description: Early modern cathedrals have often found themselves falling between the historiographical cracks. While antiquarians and art historians have seen their early modern pasts as nothing more than periods of ‘desecration and pillage’, early modern historians have dismissed cathedrals as medieval ‘fossils’, irrelevant and impermeable to the religious upheavals of the English Reformation. Recent scholarship, however, has sought to address this view of cathedrals by reconsidering them within their religious, social, political and cultural contexts, thereby re-assessing the Reformation’s impact on cathedrals. Such work, however, has been mainly confined to the period before 1660, and has indeed seen the Restoration as a turning point, after which cathedrals’ once contested and controversial place within the Church and society was secured, as ‘Anglicanism’ flourished after the turmoil of Civil War. Focusing on the period between the Restoration in 1660 and the death of Queen Anne in 1714, this thesis seeks to reassess this understanding of cathedrals’ later Stuart history as one of peaceful monotony, by considering how cathedrals fitted into debates about religious settlement, moral reformation, and the nature of the Church of England. While an understanding of cathedrals as centres of ceremonial worship arose with the Laudian ascendency in the 1630s, it is assumed this became the sole model for cathedrals after the Restoration. Although Restoration ‘high’ churchmen did indeed reassert this Laudian ideal, this did not go unchallenged. Earlier, competing visions of cathedrals survived into the Restoration period, notably as locales for evangelical reform. This study will suggest that the continued controversy surrounding their place and role within the Church of England raises doubts about the coherence and certainty of an ‘Anglican’ identity before the Act of Toleration. The significance of cathedrals evolved after 1689 in ways that also complicate our understanding of ‘Anglicanism’ in the long eighteenth century.
Dynamics for spherical spin glasses: disorder dependent initial conditions
Creators: name: Dembo, Amir
name: Subag, Eliran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We derive the thermodynamic limit of the empirical correlation and response functions in the Langevin dynamics for spherical mixed $p$-spin disordered mean-field models, starting uniformly within one of the spherical bands on which the Gibbs measure concentrates at low temperature for the pure $p$-spin models and mixed perturbations of them. We further relate the large time asymptotics of the resulting coupled non-linear integro-differential equations, to the geometric structure of the Gibbs measures (at low temperature), and derive their FDT solution (at high temperature).
description: To appear in J. Stat. Phys
Income and Nutrition: Welfare Indicators and Proxies
Creators: name: Hrabovszky, J.P.
name: Parikh, K.
name: Zeold, L.
name: Hrabovszky, J.P.
name: Parikh, K.
name: Zeold, L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: An exploratory analysis based on 120 countnes indicates that more widely available general econonuc development indicators can predict a large share of variations between countnes with respect to longevity (an overaII indicator of nutritional and health state and of the share of the population that is malnourished) The successful predictors include GNP per caput, calorie availability to requirements ratio, and the share of agncultural population in total population. Those vanables explain 87 percent of the variation between cmmtnes with respect to hfe eA-pectation at birth.
Appearing moderate or radical? Radical left party success and the two-dimensional political space
Creators: name: Krause, Werner
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Challenger parties’ electoral successes have attracted increasing scholarly attention. Based on the example of West European radical left parties, this article investigates whether and how centripetal and centrifugal positional movements on different conflict dimensions influence the election results of these parties. Depending on parties’ issue-linkages, these strategies will have a different effect for the economic and the non-economic issue dimension. Due to radical left parties’ long-term commitment and a strong party-issue linkage on economic issues, more moderate positions will play to their electoral advantage. In contrast, far-left parties compete with social democratic and green-libertarian parties for party-issue linkages on the non-economic issue dimension. Here, they benefit from promoting centrifugal strategies. Based on time-series cross-section analyses for 25 West European far-left parties between 1990 and 2017, the empirical results show that the success of radical left parties’ positional strategies varies with the conflict dimension in question and that this effect is only partly moderated by the positions of competing mainstream left parties.
The Dynamics of Magnetised Warped Discs
Creators: name: Paris, Joseph Benjamin
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: accretion discs
magnetohydrodynamics
MHD
accretion
warped discs

description: The study of warped discs and the study of magnetised discs have generally been performed in relative isolation, and comparatively little attention has been given to the complex interplay between these two aspects of accretion disc physics. This thesis aims to provide a synthesis of these disparate areas of research and explore the effects of a mean magnetic field on warp evolution. Using a coordinate system based upon tilted spheres, a series of self-similar solutions are presented for the global structure of a potential magnetic field beyond a warped disc. Warped discs threaded by a mean magnetic field are investigated numerically and semi-analytically in both a warped shearing box and a corrugated disc model. An asymptotic analysis is used to demonstrate the relation between these distinct local perspectives. Interactions between the warp and what we have called ‘Alfv$\acute e$nic-epicyclic’ oscillation modes, the magnetic analogues to epicyclic oscillations, are found to have potentially profound and hitherto unexplored consequences for the evolution of the warp. Resonances between the vertical oscillation mode and the Alfv$\acute e$nic-epicyclic modes imbue magnetised discs with a rich and subtle structure compared to their hydrodynamic counterparts. Notably the anomalous rapid propagation of the warp in Keplerian inviscid discs is suppressed, while warp propagation in non-Keplerian discs may be considerably enhanced. Non-local angular momentum transport via the external magnetic field may also provide an additional important contribution to the warp evolution. The practical application of these results to numerical simulations is discussed.
description: PhD supported by funding from the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)
Additional file 1 of Genetic diversity of Coxsackievirus A21 associated with sporadic cases of acute respiratory infections in Malaysia
Creators: name: Supian, Nur Izzati
name: Ng, Kim Tien
name: Chook, Jack Bee
name: Takebe, Yutaka
name: Chan, Kok Gan
name: Tee, Kok Keng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Primer sequences used for complete genome amplification of Coxsackievirus A21.
Lutilabria prolata Junnilainen & K. Nupponen 2010
Creators: name: Junnilainen, Jari
name: Karsholt, Ole
name: Nupponen, Kari
name: Kaitila, Jari-Pekka
name: Nupponen, Timo
name: Olschwang, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Lutilabria
Lutilabria prolata

description: Lutilabria prolata Junnilainen & K. Nupponen, 2010
Kandrykul 30.V.2001; Zesnokovka 09.VI.2001. A total of 8♂♂.
 Distribution. Russia (S Ural), Romania.
 Remarks. The species is described in part I of this issue (Junnilainen & K. Nupponen 2010).
description: Published as part of Junnilainen, Jari, Karsholt, Ole, Nupponen, Kari, Kaitila, Jari-Pekka, Nupponen, Timo & Olschwang, Vladimir, 2010, The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part II: list of recorded species with taxonomic notes (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 2367, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2367 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2367.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10093655
Heavy Quarkonium Potential and inclusive decay widths in terms of Wilson loops
Creators: name: Pineda, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly summarize some results obtained by potential NRQCD in the non perturbative regime: 1) a systematic procedure to obtain the heavy quarkonium potential in the 1/m expansion (with explicit expressions up to O(1/m^2) in terms of Wilson loops), and 2) a description of the heavy quarkonium inclusive decays to light particles, and of the NRQCD matrix elements (also the octet ones), in terms of the wave-function at the origen and some gluonic field-strength correlators.
description: 4 pages, LaTeX. Talk given at 5th International Conference on Hyperons, Charm and Beauty Hadrons, Vancouver, Canada, 25-29 Jun 2002
Studying early development using droplet single-cell RNA sequencing
Creators: name: Griffiths, Jonathan Andrew
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: scRNA-seq
scRNAseq
development
gastrulation
mouse
organogenesis
barcode swapping
10x

description: In complex organisms, each individual derives from a single fertilised ovum. This process of development is characterised by an increase in cell number and a diversification of the various cell types that are present. Development has been extensively studied not only to understand how cells commit to various lineages, but also with a view to reversing typical developmental pathways for regenerative medicine. However, studying development in vivo is challenging due to the very high degree of spatial complexity in an embryo, and the limited amount of biological material that is actually present in these systems. Recently developed single-cell RNA-sequencing technologies offer a powerful tool for studying de- velopment. They generate a rich phenotypic readout of a cell’s state, providing gene-level information about what cells are doing, and allowing reconstruction of the molecular bases of developmental pathways at the appropriate scale for which developmental decisions are made. This Thesis begins with a summary of how single-cell RNA-sequencing data are generated and analysed, and how it has been used to study cell fate decision-making. The second chapter covers my work in identifying the extent of a technical confounder of high throughput sequencing experiments (barcode swapping), and how its consequences may be excluded from a subset of single-cell RNA-sequencing experiments where thousands of single cells are captured in microfluidic droplets for library preparation. I then detail the compilation of a large single-cell RNA-sequencing timecourse atlas of mouse development between embryonic days 6.5 and 8.5. I also performed analyses into the formation of the embryonic gut, which surprisingly receives contributions from extraembryonic tissue. The fourth and fifth chapters describe my investigation into the role of the genes Tal1 and T (also known as Brachyury) using chimaeric embryos. These genes are essential for proper development, and embryos die when they are entirely absent. Chimaeric embryos are composed of both knockout and wild-type cells: the wild-type cells contribute to the lineages that are compromised by the knockout, and the embryo remains healthy. The cell-intrinsic roles of these critical genes can therefore by studied in a proper in vivo context, unconfounded by the global abnormalities that would be induced by their absence from the whole embryo. Finally, I discuss the future of the field of single-cell RNA-sequencing, with a particular focus on how we can move beyond the currently employed snapshot measurements of cell states, in order to properly identify how the state of a cell affects its future behaviour.
description: Wellcome grant 109081/Z/15/A
Spatial tomography of individual atoms in a quantum gas microscope
Creators: name: Elíasson, Ottó
name: Laustsen, Jens S.
name: Heck, Robert
name: Müller, Romain
name: Weidner, Carrie A.
name: Arlt, Jan J.
name: Sherson, Jacob F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a method to determine the position of single atoms in a three-dimensional optical lattice. Atoms are sparsely loaded from a far-off-resonant optical tweezer into a few vertical planes of a cubic optical lattice positioned near a high-resolution microscope objective. In a single realization of the experiment, we pin the atoms in deep lattices and then acquire multiple fluorescence images with single-site resolution. The objective is translated between images, bringing different lattice planes of the lattice into focus. The applicability of our method is assessed using simulated fluorescence images, where the atomic filling fraction in the lattice is varied. This opens up the possibility of extending the domain of quantum simulation using quantum gas microscopes from two to three dimensions.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Constraints Facing African Countries to Provide Needed Food
Creators: name: Shapouri, Shahla
name: Dommen, Arthur J.
name: Rosen, Stacey
name: Shapouri, Shahla
name: Dommen, Arthur J.
name: Rosen, Stacey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
International Development

description: An analysis of the staple grain economies of ten African countries shows that declining per capita food production has not been offset by mcreased imports. The impact ofweathervanation, pa1ticularly drought, has been severe, reducing annual product10n by as much as 50 percent at times. Pohcies affectmg food availabihty have undergone changes as governments seek to stimulate production. Increased producer pnces, urged by donor countnes, have ehcited a positive response. The magmtude of pnce response vanes among countnes but 1n general provides support for those who argue that raising prices ts an incentive to producers. Lagging domestic production has increased food import dependency. At the same time, deterioration of the domestic economies, combined with global factors, has led to financial crises. As food production has fallen, a part of the dwmdhng supply of hard currency has been spent on the purchase of food. Governments increased imports m response to production shortfalls. Increased foreign exchange earnings also led to greater imports. Food aid did not s1gmf1cantly reduce commercial imports. Adjustment by means of food imports will be slow m countries with historically low volume of imports. Price pohcy reforms and mcreased export earnings will lead to greater improvements m food consumption m those countries with better production performance.
Simulations, and experimental details and a full stimulus lists for Experiments 1 and 2. from Tensors and compositionality in neural systems
Creators: name: Martin, Andrea E.
name: Doumas, Leonidas A. A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Neither neurobiological nor process models of meaning composition specify the operator through which constituent parts are bound together into compositional structures. In this paper, we argue that a neurophysiological computation system cannot achieve the compositionality exhibited in human thought and language if it were to rely on a multiplicative operator to perform binding, as the tensor product (TP)-based systems that have been widely adopted in cognitive science, neuroscience and artificial intelligence do. We show via simulation and two behavioural experiments that TPs violate variable-value independence, but human behaviour does not. Specifically, TPs fail to capture that in the statements fuzzy cactus and fuzzy penguin, both cactus and penguin are predicated by fuzzy(x) and belong to the set of fuzzy things, rendering these arguments similar to each other. Consistent with that thesis, people judged arguments that shared the same role to be similar, even when those arguments themselves (e.g. cacti and penguins) were judged to be dissimilar when in isolation. By contrast, the similarity of the TPs representing fuzzy(cactus) and fuzzy(penguin) was determined by the similarity of the arguments, which in this case approaches zero. Based on these results, we argue that neural systems that use TPs for binding cannot approximate how the human mind and brain represent compositional information during processing. We describe a contrasting binding mechanism that any physiological or artificial neural system could use to maintain independence between a role and its argument, a prerequisite for compositionality and, thus, for instantiating the expressive power of human thought and language in a neural system.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Towards mechanistic models of meaning composition’.