cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Small field models of inflation that predict a tensor-to-scalar ratio $r=0.03$
Creators: name: Wolfson, Ira
name: Brustein, Ram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization are expected to set an improved upper bound on the tensor-to-scalar ratio of $r\lesssim 0.03$. Recently, we showed that small field models of inflation can produce a significant primordial gravitational wave signal. We constructed viable small field models that predict a value of $r$ as high as $0.01$. Models that predict higher values of $r$ are more tightly constrained and lead to larger field excursions. This leads to an increase in tuning of the potential parameters and requires higher levels of error control in the numerical analysis. Here, we present viable small field models which predict $r=0.03$. We further find the most likely candidate among these models which fit the most recent Planck data while predicting $r= 0.03$. We thus demonstrate that this class of small field models is an alternative to the class of large field models. The BICEP3 experiment and the Euclid and SPHEREx missions are expected to provide experimental evidence to support or refute our predictions.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Towards an efficient and exact algorithm for dynamic dedicated path protection
Creators: name: Szcześniak, Ireneusz
name: Olszewski, Ireneusz
name: Woźna-Szcześniak, Bożena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a novel algorithm for dynamic routing with dedicated path protection which, as the presented simulation results suggest, can be efficient and exact. We present the algorithm in the setting of optical networks, but it should be applicable to other networks, where services have to be protected, and where the network resources are finite and discrete, e.g., wireless radio or networks capable of advance resource reservation. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to propose an algorithm for this long-standing fundamental problem, which can be efficient and exact, as suggested by simulation results. The algorithm can be efficient because it can solve large problems, and it can be exact because its results are optimal, as demonstrated and corroborated by simulations. We offer a worst-case analysis to argue that the search space is polynomially upper bounded. Network operations, management, and control require efficient and exact algorithms, especially now, when greater emphasis is placed on network performance, reliability, softwarization, agility, and return on investment. The proposed algorithm uses our generic Dijkstra algorithm on a search graph generated "on-the-fly" based on the input graph. We corroborated the optimality of the results of the proposed algorithm with brute-force enumeration for networks up to 15 nodes large. We present the extensive simulation results of dedicated-path protection with signal modulation constraints for elastic optical networks of 25, 50, and 100 nodes, and with 160, 320, and 640 spectrum units. We also compare the bandwidth blocking probability with the commonly-used edge-exclusion algorithm. We had 48,600~simulation runs with about 41 million searches.
The Born Oppenheimer wave function near level crossing
Creators: name: Avron, J. E.
name: Gordon, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard Born Oppenheimer theory does not give an accurate description of the wave function near points of level crossing. We give such a description near an isotropic conic crossing, for energies close to the crossing energy. This leads to the study of two coupled second order ordinary differential equations whose solution is described in terms of the generalized hypergeometric functions of the kind 0F3(;a,b,c;z). We find that, at low angular momenta, the mixing due to crossing is surprisingly large, scaling like μ^(1/6), where μis the electron to nuclear mass ratio.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures
The lower tail of the half-space KPZ equation
Creators: name: Kim, Yujin H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60H15, 60B20, 45M05, 60F10, 60G55, 60H25

description: We establish the first tight bound on the lower tail probability of the half-space KPZ equation with Neumann boundary parameter $A = -1/2$ and narrow-wedge initial data. When the tail depth is of order $T^{2/3}$, the lower bound demonstrates a crossover between a regime of super-exponential decay with exponent $\frac{5}{2}$ (and leading pre-factor $\frac{2}{15 π}T^{1/3}$) and a regime with exponent $3$ (and leading pre-factor $\frac{1}{24}$); the upper bound demonstrates a crossover between a regime with exponent $\frac{3}{2}$ (and arbitrarily small pre-factor) and a regime with exponent $3$ (and leading pre-factor $\frac{1}{24}$). We show that, given a crude leading-order asymptotic in the Stokes region (Definition $1.7$, first defined in (Duke Math J., [Bot17])) for the Ablowitz-Segur solution to the Painlevé II equation, the upper bound on the lower tail probability can be improved to demonstrate the same crossover as the lower bound. We also establish novel bounds on the large deviations of the GOE point process.
description: Journal version: minor corrections, slight re-ordering of introduction. 39 pages
Table S2 from Concurrent assessment of epidemiological and operational uncertainties for optimal outbreak control: Ebola as a case study
Creators: name: Shou-Li LI
name: Ferrari, Matthew J.
name: Bjørnstad, Ottar N.
name: Runge, Michael C.
name: Fonnesbeck, Christopher J.
name: Tildesley, Michael J.
name: Pannell, David
name: Shea, Katriona
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Optimal interventions with lowest caseload projection under 27 different cost function combinations for each of 37 Ebola models for low, intermediate and high budget levels. The three simulated interventions are reducing community transmission (Com.), improving hospitalization (Hos.) and reducing funeral transmission (Fun.). The three simulated cost functions are "cheap and effective" (1), "expensive and effective" (2), and "cheap and partly effective" (3). Cells filled with dark gray, intermediate gray and light gray color indicate the lowest caseload under the optimal intervention of reducing community transmission, reducing funeral transmission, and improve hospitalization, respectively. The last column and row in each budget panel show the optimal interventions with lowest caseload across cost function models and combinations, respectively, while the right bottom cell in each budget panel shows the overall optimal intervention across models and cost function combinations.
Cycle groups for Artin stacks
Creators: name: Kresch, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C17

description: We construct an algebraic homology functor for Artin stacks of finite type over a field, and we develop intersection-theoretic properties.
description: LaTeX2e, 44 pages
Joint Reflection Promotes Students’ Use of Evidence in Argumentive Writing
Creators: Shi, Yuchen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Logic
subject: Writing--Study and teaching (Middle school)
subject: Evidence
subject: Critical thinking

description: A basic component of argumentive writing is the coordination of claims with evidence bearing on them. Deep engagement in dialogic argumentation has been found to facilitate development of beginning students’ individual written argument. Despite progress in several respects following such engagement, in their argumentive writing middle-school writers frequently ignore evidence incongruent with their claims  -- a violation of norms of skilled argument.
      The present research examines the effectiveness of engaging middle-school student dyads in joint meta-level reflection on the use of evidence in their argumentation, both anticipating its potential use and evaluating its actual use. A total of 54 Chinese 7th graders participated in a dialogic argument curriculum in 33 class sessions over four months. For each of three successive topics, evidence both congruent and incongruent with a dyads’ position on the topic was made available  for their use. Half of the participants were assigned to an Evidence Reflection and Argument Practice (ER+AP) condition, in which in addition the dyad was prompted to discuss verbally and jointly complete reflection sheets regarding their evidence use. The other half of participants served in an Argument Practice (AP) condition, identical except for omission of the Evidence Reflection component.
      Analysis of participants’ individual written essays on the topic at the end of their engagement with each topic revealed superior performance on the part of the ER+AP group, with the reflection component enhancing their addressing evidence both congruent and incongruent with their claims. However, this happened only slowly. The superiority of the ER+AP group was most decisive by the last topic, when members of the ER+AP students also demonstrated an ability to connect two pieces of evidence serving conflicting argumentive functions.
      Fifty additional students participated in a control condition, included for the purpose of comparing their performance to that of the intervention students on a topic new to both groups. Both the ER+AP and AP intervention groups showed superior performance relative to the control group in including evidence congruent with their own position in their essays. Only the ER+AP group, however, showed superiority in addressing evidence incongruent with their position.
      Analysis of responses students provided to the evidence reflection sheets revealed developmental patterns over time, and explicated the underlying mechanism driving ER+AP students’ superior performance. Theories regarding the interiroization of cognition from inter- to intra-mental planes, as well as the supportive effects of meta-level engagement on transfer of skills, are invoked in accounting for the findings.
Jones grading from symplectic Khovanov homology
Creators: Cheng, Zhechi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Homology theory

description: Symplectic Khovanov homology is first defined by Seidel and Smith as a singly graded link homology. It is proved isomorphic to combinatorial Khovanov homology over any characteristic zero field by Abouzaid and Smith. In this dissertation, we construct a second grading on symplectic Khovanov homology from counting holomorphic disks in a partially compactified space. One of the main theorems asserts that this grading is well-defined. We also conclude the other main theorem that this second grading recovers the Jones grading of Khovanov homology over any characteristic zero field, through showing that the Abouzaid and Smith's isomorphism can be refined as an isomorphism between doubly graded groups. The proof of the theorem is carried out by showing that there exists a long exact sequence in symplectic Khovanov homology that commutes with its combinatorial counterpart.
Land reclamation at municipal landfill sites
Creators: name: Hansen, Bryony
name: Sperling, Tony, 1960-
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The recent trend towards closure and reclamation of municipal landfills, and in particular, smaller rural sites, is driven by economic and regulatory requirements. Improved economies of scale associated with larger operations encourage closure of small landfills and centralization of landfilling operations into fewer, larger sites. In addition, the 1993 Ministry of Environment, Lands and Parks "Landfill Criteria for Municipal Solid Waste" has resulted in closure of smaller problem sites rather than the more expensive alternative of upgrading the facilities to meet the new criteria. Closure of municipal landfills presents a formidable reclamation challenge involving multiple objectives including 1) isolating refuse, 2) minimizing leachate production, 3) preventing erosion, 4) collecting and disposing landfill leachate and landfill gas, 5) returning the land to its original productive state, particularly on lands within the Agricultural Land Reserve, 6) issues associated with application of biosolids as a topsoil amendment and, 7) closure and post closure environmental monitoring to continually ensure that landfill impact on its surroundings are kept at acceptable levels until stabilization or, for approximately 25 years post closure. This paper draws on Sperling Hansen Associates' (SHA's) recent experience in the design of closure systems for the Hartland Landfill, located 30 km north of Victoria, and the Savona Landfill, located 40 km east of Kamloops, the Squamish Landfill and the Whistler Landfill. To illustrate the key issues associated with implementing practical closure and reclamation of landfills in British Columbia, a detailed case history of the Savona Landfill Closure is presented.
Archaeological excavations at America Wood, Ashington, West Sussex
Creators: name: Priestley-Bell, Greg
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2021

description: Sussex Archaeological Collections, 132, 33-51
description: Excavations in advance of road construction at Ashington in West Sussex in 1993 produced evidence for Late Bronze Age and medieval activity. The earliest remains date from the 9th century BC and include a small pit containing four LBA pottery vessels, a quern and a hammer stone. A lmge semi-circle of post-holes dated to this period may represent an associated enclosure. There is no evidence for subsequent activity on the site before the 12th century AD when a boundary ditch was dug, followed by further division of the area and possible quarrying. A substantial medieval building was constucted during the 12th century and stood on the site until its destruction in the late 13th or early 14th century. (Includes contents of microfiche)
Excavations at Halt Mesolithic Site, Near Horsham, West Sussex, 1985
Creators: name: Holgate, R D C
name: Grace, Roger
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2021

description: Sussex Archaeological Collections, 125, 33-39
description: Excavations at Halt Mesolithic site in advance of construction work on the Horsham (Northern) bypass yielded a small flint assemblage, but no intact archaeological deposits.
Design and validation of a handheld pupilometer for neurological evaluation
Creators: name: Oliver, Jeffrey Wade
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Pupillometry
subject: Neurology--Instruments
subject: Measuring instruments

description: A handheld pupilometer has been designed for the purpose of neurological assessment. The handheld pupilometer has the potential to be used as a clinical tool at several levels in medical practice. The pupilometer precisely quantifies the size and response of the pupil to a visible stimulus, a measurement that typically has been ascertained through subjective evaluation in the clinic. While instrumentation has existed for several years, which allows for measurement of pupil response in a laboratory setting, the miniaturization of the technology into a ''smart" handheld instrument has facilitated the collection of normative data in a variety of locations and under different ambient light conditions. Furthermore, the instrument has been used to collect preliminary data from head injured patients in a clinical setting
Order Parameter Equations for Front Transitions: Nonuniformly Curved Fronts
Creators: name: Hagberg, Aric
name: Meron, Ehud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kinematic equations for the motion of slowly propagating, weakly curved fronts in bistable media are derived. The equations generalize earlier derivations where algebraic relations between the normal front velocity and its curvature are assumed. Such relations do not capture the dynamics near nonequilibrium Ising-Bloch (NIB) bifurcations, where transitions between counterpropagating Bloch fronts may spontaneously occur. The kinematic equations consist of coupled integro-differential equations for the front curvature and the front velocity, the order parameter associated with the NIB bifurcation. They capture the NIB bifurcation, the instabilities of Ising and Bloch fronts to transverse perturbations, the core structure of a spiral wave, and the dynamic process of spiral wave nucleation.
description: 20 pages. Aric Hagberg: http://cnls.lanl.gov/~aric; Ehud Meron:http://www.bgu.ac.il/BIDR/research/staff/meron.html
Role of fine-grained uncertainty in determining the limit of preparation contextuality
Creators: name: Sharma, Gautam
name: Sazim, Sk
name: Mal, Shiladitya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optimal success probability of a communication game sets fundamental limitations on an operational theory. Quantum advantage of parity oblivious random access code (PORAC), a communication game, over classical resources reveals the preparation contextuality of quantum theory [Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 010401 (2009)]. Optimal quantum advantage in the N-dit PORAC game for finite dimensions is an open problem. Here, we show that the degree of uncertainty allowed in an operational theory determines the amount of preparation contextuality. We connect the upper bound of fine-grained uncertainty relation to the success probability of PORAC game played with the quantum resource. Subsequently, we find the optimal success probability for the 2-dit PORAC game using MUBs for the decoding strategy. Finally, we also derive an upper bound on quantum advantage for the N-dit PORAC game.
description: Close to the published version
Managing for closure at the Myra Falls Operation : the design of a soil cover system for long term ecological and physical stability
Creators: name: O'Kane, Mike
name: Mchaina, David Mhina
name: Stoicescu, Jeffrey
name: Januszewski, Steve
name: Haug, Moir D.
name: Bews, Brenda E.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Westmin's Myra Falls Operations has the one single largest environmental problem facing the mining industry today. The tailings and waste rock materials are acid generating. A review of existing literature indicates that there are a number of technologies that can be used and developed for the prevention and control of acid generation in sulphidic mine tailings and waste rock. The majority of the ARD control technologies are centered around the curtailment of oxygen and water to the waste material. The most promising technology for Westmin's Myra Falls Operations is engineered soil covers. An initial cover design evaluation using local till materials indicated that the materials were not suitable for the proposed application. However, the soils were modified with a selection of amendments and the laboratory results showed significant improvements. The results suggest that local till materials amended with either flyash or bentonite can be used in soil cover construction. Westmin intends to conduct field trials to evaluate the performance of a short list of soil cover variations to determine the final cover system design as a result of the encouraging laboratory and soil-atmosphere modelling results. This paper summarizes the results of the laboratory characterization of the potential cover and waste materials and presents the soil-atmosphere numerical modelling used to design the field test plots. Construction aspects, instrumentation, vegetation, two-dimensional flow and in general the scope of the project will be briefly discussed. The successful use of local till material ameliorated with a fine grained material will provide a positive impact to the mining industry. This application to the design of soil cover systems is a novel approach which offers an economic alternative for decommissioning smaller waste rock piles and tailings management facilities.
Fragments of 12th Century Sculpture in Bosham Church
Creators: name: Morrison, Kathryn
name: Baxter, Ronald
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2021

description: Sussex Archaeological Collections, 129, 33-38
description: Five hitherto unpublished voussoirs decorated with chevron are housed in the vestry of Bosham church. How they arrived there remains a mystery. The possibility that they formed part of an early 12th-century campaign at Bosham is considered. It is suggested that the voussoirs , together with the corbel table of the west tower, were created by a workshop/ram Chichester, but the exact location of the arch or arches represented by the voussoirs remains an open question .
Anisotropic universes with conformal motion
Creators: name: Maartens, Roy
name: Mellin, Conrad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By imposing natural geometrical and kinematical conditions on a conformal Killing vector in Bianchi I spacetime, we show that a class of axisymmetric metrics admits a conformal motion. This class contains new exact solutions of Einstein's equations, including anisotropic radiation universes that isotropise at late times.
description: 8 pages, latex
Non-conservation of dimension in divergence-free solutions of passive and active scalar systems
Creators: name: Fefferman, Charles L.
name: Pooley, Benjamin C.
name: Rodrigo, José L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For any $h\in(1,2]$, we give an explicit construction of a compactly supported, uniformly continuous, and (weakly) divergence-free velocity field in $\mathbb{R}^2$ that weakly advects a measure whose support is initially the origin but for positive times has Hausdorff dimension $h$. These velocities are uniformly continuous in space-time and compactly supported, locally Lipschitz except at one point and satisfy the conditions for the existence and uniqueness of a Regular Lagrangian Flow in the sense of Di Perna and Lions theory. We then construct active scalar systems in $\mathbb{R}^2$ and $\mathbb{R}^3$ with measure-valued solutions whose initial support has co-dimension 2 but such that at positive times it only has co-dimension 1. The associated velocities are divergence free, compactly supported, continuous, and sufficiently regular to admit unique Regular Lagrangian Flows. This is in part motivated by the investigation of dimension conservation for the support of measure-valued solutions to active scalar systems. This question occurs in the study of vortex filaments in the three-dimensional Euler equations.
description: 32 pages, 3 figures. This preprint has not undergone peer review (when applicable) or any post-submission improvements or corrections. The Version of Record of this article is published in Arch Rational Mech Anal, and is available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s00205-021-01708-6
Double Descent Supplementary Material from The disequilbrium of double descent: changing inheritance norms among Himba pastoralists
Creators: name: Scelza, Brooke A.
name: Prall, Sean P.
name: Levine, Nancy E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Disequilibrium of Double Descent Supplementary Material
Electronic Supplementary Material from Kinship ties across the lifespan in human communities
Creators: name: Koster, Jeremy
name: Lukas, Dieter
name: Nolin, David
name: Power, Eleanor
name: Alvergne, Alexandra
name: Mace, Ruth
name: Ross, Cody T.
name: Kramer, Karen
name: Greaves, Russell
name: Caudell, Mark
name: MacFarlan, Shane
name: Schniter, Eric
name: Quinlan, Robert
name: Mattison, Siobhan
name: Reynolds, Adam
name: Yi-Sum, Chun
name: Massengill, Eric
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: This file provides site descriptions and supplemental analysis.
Prehistoric and medieval environment of Old Town, Eastbourne: studies of hillwash in the Bourne Valley, Star Brewery Site.
Creators: name: Allen, Michael J
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2008

description: Sussex Archaeological Collections, 145, 33-66
description: The prehistoric (Iron Age), Roman and medieval environment of the Bourne Valley was examined via a study of dry-valley sediments, comprising a prehistoric lynchet overlooking the `floodplain', and sediments on the Bourne `floodplain' in Old Town. This research discovered an Iron Age site at the face of the lynchet, and investigated the area of the valley floor and the former Bourne Stream. Analytical investigations of magnetic susceptibility and archaeomagnetic dating were applied to examine their applicability to colluvial sediments and utilise any results they yielded. The research provided information on the environment and land use of early Eastbourne, and complements that from the South Downs and the results of the Eastbourne Urban Medieval Excavation Project. Includes
Just Enough: The Politics of Accountability for Mass Atrocities
Creators: Cronin-Furman, Kate
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: International relations
Atrocities
Political atrocities
Human rights
Reconciliation

description: This dissertation explores when, how, and why accountability is provided for mass atrocities. It asks why post-atrocity governments often put in place institutions that superficially resemble accountability mechanisms but lack the capacity to deliver justice. It theorizes the creation of these institutions as an example of a broader pattern in human rights behavior, called “quasi-compliance” and argues that the uneven enforcement of human rights norms incentivizes states to gamble on doing just enough to escape penalty. The theory is tested on an original cross-national dataset of mass atrocities committed between 1970 and 2014 and finds that the characteristics of post-atrocity governments that deliver justice and those that create quasi-compliant accountability institutions are very different. While robust trials and truth commissions are only pursued when domestic politics favors it, quasi-compliant institutions are put in place to deflect international censure for failure to abide by the global accountability norm requiring criminal prosecutions for mass atrocities. The mechanisms underlying quasi-compliance are explored in two qualitative case studies, drawing on fieldwork in Sri Lanka and Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Dissipative Dynamics of Collisionless Nonlinear Alfven Wave Trains
Creators: name: Medvedev, M. V.
name: Diamond, P. H.
name: Shevchenko, V. I.
name: Galinsky, V. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlinear dynamics of collisionless Alfven trains, including resonant particle effects is studied using the kinetic nonlinear Schroedinger (KNLS) equation model. Numerical solutions of the KNLS reveal the dynamics of Alfven waves to be sensitive to the sense of polarization as well as the angle of propagation with respect to the ambient magnetic field. The combined effects of both wave nonlinearity and Landau damping result in the evolutionary formation of stationaryOA S- and arc-polarized directional and rotational discontinuities. These waveforms are freqently observed in the interplanetary plasma.
description: REVTeX, 6 pages (including 5 figures). This and other papers may be found at http://sdphpd.ucsd.edu/~medvedev/papers.html
Additional file 1 of Trans-cinnamaldehyde protects against phenylephrine-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through the CaMKII/ERK pathway
Creators: name: Qian, Dongdong
name: Tian, Jing
name: Wang, Sining
name: Shan, Xiaoli
name: Zhao, Pei
name: Chen, Huihua
name: Xu, Ming
name: Guo, Wei
name: Zhang, Chen
name: Lu, Rong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Chemical structure of trans-cinnamaldehyde (TCA). Figure S2-S5. Original blot images.
Detectability of gravitational wave events by spherical resonant-mass antennas
Creators: name: Harry, Gregory M.
name: Stevenson, Thomas R.
name: Paik, Ho Jung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have calculated signal-to-noise ratios for eight spherical resonant-mass antennas interacting with gravitational radiation from inspiralling and coalescing binary neutron stars and from the dynamical and secular bar-mode instability of a rapidly rotating star. We find that by using technology that could be available in the next several years, spherical antennas can detect neutron star inspiral and coalescence at a distance of 15 Mpc and the dynamical bar-mode instability at a distance of 2 Mpc.
description: 39 pages, 4 EPS Figures, some additional SNRs for secular instabilities, some changes to LIGO SNRs, Appendix added on the asymptotic expansion of energy sensitivity, corrected supernova rates. Results available at http://www.physics.umd.edu/rgroups/gen_rel_exp/snr.html Submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Model fit for indirect maternal uncle investment from One piece of the matrilineal puzzle: the socioecology of maternal uncle investment
Creators: name: Starkweather, Katherine
name: Keith, Monica
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: R2 and DIC are reported for each screening cluster model (A-E) as well as the final indirect investment model which included only the predictor variables retained from screening that showed clear, directional relationships with the outcome. Marginal R2 values were calculated for all 1,000 samples retained from each model's posterior distribution, and we report posterior modes and 90% credible interval of R2 distributions. DIC provides a comparative assessment of model fit (smaller values indicate better fit) that penalizes model complexity.
Towards a better coordination of Multimessenger observations: VO and future developments
Creators: name: Ness, J. -U.
name: Fernández, C. Sánchez
name: Ibarra, A.
name: Saxton, R.
name: Salgado, J.
name: Kuulkers, E.
name: Kretschmar, P.
name: Ehle, M.
name: Salazar, E.
name: Gabriel, C.
name: Perdikeas, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Towards the multimessenger era, the scientific demand for simultaneous observations with different facilities is continuously increasing. The main challenges of coordinating observations is the determination of common visibility and respective scheduling constraints to find common free slots. While all this information is publicly available via the respective observatory web pages, it is cumbersome to find this information from a large diversity of web interfaces and web tables. Aims. Coordinated observations have been planned already, but their number will continue to increase, and the larger complexity requires much better use of automatic routines. Methods. Automatic tools are not able to obtain visibility and planning information from web interfaces. Standard interfaces between observatories need to be developed to use automatic tools. We present two Virtual Observatory (VO) protocols ObjVisSAP and ObsLocTAP that work with a URL-based query approach with standardized query parameters and standardized output. Clients can pull the required information directly from the respective observatories and compute overlapping, unplanned, visibility intervals. Many other use cases are possible. Results. A prototype service has been implemented by the INTEGRAL mission and a very simple client script queries visibility intervals for given coordinates within the next 30 days. An observer can quickly see whether a source is observable within the near future. Other missions are on their way to implement the services. Conclusions. Once the major observatories have implemented the services and powerful tools are available that rely on getting visibility and planning observations via these protocols, we expect many other, also ground-based, observatories to follow. We are developing documentation to support observatories with the implementation.
description: Proceedings article to 12th INTEGRAL conference and 1st AHEAD Gamma-ray Workshop. Submitted to Journal of the Italian Astronomical Society
Just Deserts: Losing Origen and Gaining Retributive Judgment in the Hagiographical Literature of the Early Byzantine World
Creators: French, Todd Edison
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Religion
History
Theology

description: The rise in production and distribution of Christian Hagiography in the Early Byzantine Empire points towards a unique moment in Christian History. The role of the saint was moved from the margins to a central and dynamic position within the church hierarchy and broader religious landscape. Meeting the pagan claims of power and prestige, hagiographers crafted a saint that was more retributive than the earlier martyrologies and histories. The ascetic took on a role that was more akin to God's agent than suffering stranger. The deserts of Syria, Palestine and Egypt become the territory of struggle against a world that had fallen out of step with God's will, but was slowly being corrected. This research looks for reasons as to why this prominent form of literature became more deliberately retributive through its progression toward the sixth century. A major focus of the argument will be the influence that Origen had on Christian theological interpretation. Beginning with a section on Origen, this research will move on through the five most prominent hagiographical compilations in late antiquity. In the end, it will show that each of these hagiographers' relationship with Origen's teaching and subsequent communities yielded a particular flavor of hagiography on a spectrum of retributive justice. Finally, it will take into account the influence that the development of a structured system of law under Justinian had on the religious outlook of various later works.
Farmers’ spending on variable inputs tends to maximise crop yields, not profit
Creators: name: Reader, Mark A.
name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
name: Lawrence, Rachel J.
name: Hodge, Ian D.
name: Galang, Ben
name: Reader, Mark A.
name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
name: Lawrence, Rachel J.
name: Hodge, Ian D.
name: Galang, Ben
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: marginal products
subject: marginal profit
subject: farm variable inputs
subject: fertiliser
subject: crop protection
subject: agricultural productivity

description: We estimate the marginal returns to spending on Crop Variable Inputs (CVI) (such as fertilizers and crop protection), to explore whether observed spending maximises physical or economic returns to farmers. Data are taken from the Farm Business Survey for 2004-2013, where gross margins and input spending are available, in over 10,300 crops of conventional winter wheat or oilseed rape in England and Wales. Marginal spending on CVIs generate financial returns significantly less than d1 per marginal pound spent. This suggests that expenditure on CVIs exceeds an economic optimum that would maximise profit. However marginal physical products (crop yields) are positive, but small and significantly different from zero. This suggests that, on average, farmers approximately maximise yields. These results hold across a wide range of alternative economic models and two crop species. Similar results have been reported in estimations for Indian grain production and for maize in China. In practice, farmers are making decisions on input use in advance of having information on a variety of factors, including future yield, product quality and price, making it difficult to optimise input levels according to expected profit. Farmers may be consistently optimistic, prefer to avoid risk, or deliberately seek to maximise yields. Some farmers may put on the standard recommended application irrespective of input or expected output price. It is also possible that advice may sometimes aim to maximise yield, influenced by an incentive to encourage greater sales. Excessive input use both reduces private profits and is a cause of environmental damage. There are thus potential private as well as social benefits to be gained from optimising levels of input use.
Just like Nature: Habit and the Art of Life
Creators: del Nido, Daniel Manfred
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Religion--Philosophy
Religious ethics
Practice (Philosophy)

description: In this dissertation, I will examine the conceptions of philosophy of the 19th and 20th Century thinkers Félix Ravaisson, Henri Bergson, and Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and their implications for contemporary theories of religious ethics and philosophical practice, especially that of Pierre Hadot. In doing so, I will elucidate their understanding of both the goals of philosophical practice and the means by which they are achieved, focusing in particular on the importance of the body in their respective theories of philosophical practice. Specifically, I argue that Ravaisson, Bergson, and Merleau-Ponty’s theories of philosophical practice are grounded in an understanding of habit as a dynamic process of producing and transforming bodily dispositions that problematizes distinctions between self and world and limits attempts to achieve conscious self-mastery. As a result, their work calls into question the extent to which self-conscious cultivation of intellectual and bodily habits that conform to an ideal self-conception is either possible or desirable, and instead affirms a conception of philosophical practice as what I term “indefinite self-cultivation.”
      In chapter one, I examine Félix Ravaisson’s conception of philosophical practice in relationship to his theory of habit, which he claims originates as a principle of desire that gives rise to bodily spontaneity. This theory of habit underlies a conception of philosophical practice as imitation of models of ideal conduct through which habits of inventive conduct that outstrip capacities for rational deliberation are produced. In chapter two, I contrast Ravaisson’s conception of habit with Henri Bergson’s, who regards habit as a form of bodily memory that produces automaticity. Philosophical practice for Bergson resists the effects of habit on thought and action by engaging in philosophical intuition, an application of mental effort to processes of change and movement that generates new ideas and new forms of life. In chapter three, I examine Merleau-Ponty’s intermediate position between these theories of habit, and his argument that the fluid nature of habituation as a process of social interaction makes living according to a determinate way of life possible only at the risk of doing violence to oneself. For Merleau-Ponty, philosophy entails critical practice of interrogating and expressing affects and immediate responses to events that serves as a way to question consciously-held values and uncover new personal and social possibilities. Finally, in chapter four, I conceptualize Ravaisson, Bergson, and Merleau-Ponty’s theories of philosophical practice as forms of indefinite self-transformation by putting their work in critical conversation with Pierre Hadot’s theory of philosophy as a way of life.
Justifying Beliefs Acquired through Testimony: A Developmental Account
Creators: Chen, Dorothy
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Religion

description: There are some things we know that we would not normally doubt. Take my birth date for
example. I was born on the 17th of July 1991. I think I know this, and am fairly certain about it.
But do I really know my birth date? And, if so, how do I know? Surely, it would be too much to ask of my newborn self to check the calendar on the delivery room wall and say to itself, “I must remember this date, for it is my birthday.” Nor is it likely that I was simply born knowing my own date of birth. So I must have learnt it from some secondary source, such as one of my official documents or my parents’ testimony. Of these two options, the second one seems to be the only reasonable one, since as far as I can remember, I knew my birthday before I could even understand what an official document is, let alone decipher its content. But even if my memory serves me wrong, the birth date specified by my official documents is likely to have been provided by my parents when they applied for those documents anyway. Hence, testimony plays an important role even in the acquisition of such mundane beliefs as that of our own dates of birth.
Properties of a monolithic sapphire parametric transducer: prospects of measuring the standard quantum limit
Creators: name: Locke, C. R.
name: Tobar, M. E.
name: Ivanov, E. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To measure the standard quantum limit (SQL) a high quality transducer must be coupled to a high quality mechanical system. Due to its monolithic nature, the monolithic sapphire transducer (MST) has high quality factors for both types of resonances. Single loop suspension is shown to yield a mechanical quality factor of 6.10^8 at 4 K. From standard analysis we show the MST has the potential to measure noise fluctuations of the mechanical oscillator at the SQL. also, we point out a new way to determine if the transducer back action is quantum limited. We show that if the fluctuations are at the quantum limit, then the amplitude of the oscillation will be amplified by the ratio of the ringdown time to the measurement time, which is an inherently easier measurement.
description: One PDF
Memorandum of Understanding of NFDI consortia from Earth-, Chemical and Life Sciences to support a network called the Geo-Chem-Life Science Helpdesk Cluster
Creators: name: Bernard, Lars
name: Brück, Maike
name: Busse, Christian
name: Engel, Judith
name: Eufinger, Jan
name: Ewert, Frank
name: Fluck, Juliane
name: Förstner, Konrad
name: Fürst, Julia
name: Gauza, Holger
name: Getzlaff, Klaus
name: Glöckner, Frank Oliver
name: Hunold, Johannes
name: Koepler, Oliver
name: Krooß, Ksenia
name: Lindstädt, Birte
name: McHardy, Alice C.
name: Mehrtens, Hela
name: Rey-Mazon, Elena
name: Schmidt, Marcus
name: Schober, Isabel
name: Schröter, Annett
name: Stegle, Oliver
name: Steinbeck, Christoph
name: Steinhart, Feray
name: von Suchodoletz, Dirk
name: Weidtkamp-Peters, Stefanie
name: Wendt, Jens
name: Wetzker, Conni
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: In a Memorandum of Understanding, the undersigned consortia agree to work together to enhance their support capabilities (helpdesks) to meet the needs of interdisciplinary research in Earth-, Chemical and Life Sciences.
title: Braunschweigisches Adreßbuch für das Jahr 1826
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Meyer
Year: 1826
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Stadt Braunschweig
subject: 902

description: Braunschweigisches Adreßbuch, vol. 1826
Model fit statistics for any maternal uncle investment from One piece of the matrilineal puzzle: the socioecology of maternal uncle investment
Creators: name: Starkweather, Katherine
name: Keith, Monica
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: R2 and DIC are reported for each screening cluster model (A-E) as well as the final any investment model which included only the predictor variables retained from screening that showed clear, directional relationships with the outcome. Marginal R2 values were calculated for all 1,000 samples retained from each model's posterior distribution, and we report posterior modes and 90% credible interval of R2 distributions. DIC provides a comparative assessment of model fit (smaller values indicate better fit) that penalizes model complexity.
PerfCuma: A framework to manage the sustainable development of small cooperatives
Creators: name: Jeanneaux, Phillipe
name: Capitaine, Mathieu
name: Mauclair, Anais
name: Jeanneaux, Phillipe
name: Capitaine, Mathieu
name: Mauclair, Anais
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: strategic management
subject: causal map
subject: balanced scorecard
subject: cooperative
subject: systemic approach to change
subject: Corporate social responsibility

description: Agricultural cooperatives evolve in a context with complexity and changes of their legal, social and business environment. Strategic management could be a relevant approach to help cooperative members to improve the global performance and the social responsibility of their cooperatives. To formalize and to manage their strategy, we propose as an accompaniment a method entitled PerfCuma. The theoretical framework is based on the concept of systemic approach to change. The method is organized in four steps: i) an in-depth stakeholder’s analysis of the cooperative situation (including sustainability) and the cooperative goals; ii) formalizing the strategy by defining strategic lines. We use the cognitive map approach to model the complexity to understand the strong drivers of the strategy; iii) drawing up the balanced scorecard and an action plan to manage the strategy; iv) monitoring the implementation of the strategy. A test of the method on five Cooperatives for the Use of Agricultural Equipment (Cuma) has been successful. The method is now unfolded in France.
Formal derivation of Mesh Neural Networks with their Forward-Only gradient Propagation
Creators: name: Galatolo, Federico A.
name: Cimino, Mario G. C. A.
name: Vaglini, Gigliola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes the Mesh Neural Network (MNN), a novel architecture which allows neurons to be connected in any topology, to efficiently route information. In MNNs, information is propagated between neurons throughout a state transition function. State and error gradients are then directly computed from state updates without backward computation. The MNN architecture and the error propagation schema is formalized and derived in tensor algebra. The proposed computational model can fully supply a gradient descent process, and is potentially suitable for very large scale sparse NNs, due to its expressivity and training efficiency, with respect to NNs based on back-propagation and computational graphs.