cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Towards characterizing the distinct contributions of genetically defined neuron populations in value-based decision making
Creators: name: Mudipalli, Rachana
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Choice (Psychology)
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Calcium imaging
subject: Neural circuitry
subject: Choice (Psychology)--Economic aspects
subject: Reward (Psychology)
subject: Substance abuse
subject: Drug addiction
subject: Decision making--Psychological aspects
subject: Bioengineering
subject: Orbitofrontal Cortex

description: Animals must constantly engage in economic choice behaviors, evaluating the available options in their environments and deciding which to pursue. However, how these decisions are computed in the brain remains poorly understood. One reason for this is because most studies of this form of decision-making have been performed in primates, for which we currently lack tools for recording and manipulating the activity of defined cell types. Here, in preliminary work I analyze single cell activity data from mice and reveal differential responses to cue and reward in excitatory and inhibitory populations of neurons. This highlights the need for the development of economic choice paradigms that can be integrated with animal models and tools for the manipulation of genetically defined cell types. To meet this need, my honors thesis implements a head-fixed, value-based decision-making paradigm in mice. Using the behavioral apparatus and training protocol designed, mice learned to choose between two olfactory cues that predicted the delivery of one of the two reward types (sugar water or water). Analysis of choice data reveals that mice make appropriate decisions based on reward type and amount, suggesting they integrate information about both reward quality and quantity to guide behavior. With this paradigm in mice, we will be able to exploit the genetic accessibility of the mouse to probe neural circuits that mediate economic decisions.
D2.4 The production of FPBO from selected feedstock
Creators: name: Leijenhorst, Evert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Fast pyrolysis
FPBO
biomass

description: Fast Pyrolysis Bio Oil (FPBO) can be produced from a variety of lignocellulosic biomass materials. In this report the results are presented concerning the production of FPBO from the biomass feedstocks selected in the SmartCHP project. The FPBOs are used within the project for further development work of the SmartCHP system. Detailed analysis results for the FPBOs are reported in deliverables 2.6, 2.7 and 2.8. Important properties such as heating value and moisture content are included in this report as well to derive mass, energy and carbon balances and ensure this report can be read without consulting the other (non-public) reports. The biomass selection is based on availability, suitability and sustainability and is reported in detail in deliverable 2.2. Five scenarios are made covering four different biomass materials and one import scenario: Agricultural residues – corn stover - Romania Organic waste – olive kernel - Greece Woody biomass – forest residue – Sweden FPBO import scenario – Sweden to the Netherlands Dedicated bioenergy crop – miscanthus - Croatia Conform the grant agreement, three biomass materials were selected and supplied by Capax for conversion to FPBO in BTGs bench-scale pyrolysis plant. For the fourth material (miscanthus) previous tests have been performed at BTG and sufficient information is already available as input for the scenario studies. FPBO produced from miscanthus is also available for testing. The results from the experimental work showed that each of the materials could be processed in the bench-scale pyrolysis plant without operational problems. The FPBO production results show that the wood residues generate the highest FPBO yield (68 wt.%) followed by corn stover (56% wt.%) and olive kernels (49 wt.%). The FPBO derived from wood residues was a single-phase homogeneous liquid. Both corn stover and olive kernel derived FPBO consisted of an aqueous phase and an organic phase which needed to be conditioned (partial water removal) to generate a homogeneous liquid.
LCAAJ audio for location 47211 (Püspökladány, Hungary)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Püspökladány, Hungary (47.321653, 21.118595)
Transformers, Humans in Disguise: Applying NLP Based Computational Techniques to Deliberative Democracy
Creators: name: Ahmed, Haroun
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Deliberative democracy
subject: Natural language processing (Computer science)

description: This project seeks to apply a scalable, NLP based computational mechanism to automate portions of the work done by the Center for Deliberative Democracy (CDD) in their Deliberative Polling project.  The machine based classifier that this project is attempting to profile is intended to emulate the currently manual task of tagging transcripts of worldwide deliberations about controversial topics with the intention of 1. Extracting argument dialogue segments and 2. Assessing argument deliberative quality as per the conventions set forth by the CDD. Top level, these techniques involve humans tagging transcripts using a 0, 1, 2, 2+ scale, reflecting the respective number of provided reasons to support an argument. The computational techniques that will be profiled for their capacity to replicate human tagging that this project will explore will be transformer based language models such as XLNet, a custom bag of words (BOW) + random-forest based classifier, and random chance. Empirical results have displayed an increase in model generalizability when transferring to the XLNet model, indicating a better capacity to emulate human transcript tagging across all categorizations, conversational subjects, and discussion locales.
It Takes a Village… and More: Southeast Los Angeles as a Model for Alleviating Infrastructure Deficits and Environmental Injustices Through Community-Based Resistance
Creators: name: Ayala, Veronica
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental justice
subject: Community organization
subject: Nonprofit organizations

description: In this thesis, I explore the current community organizing efforts in Southeast Los Angeles, an area facing environmental justice issues. This area has a long history of environmental racism and government neglect; these factors have helped to establish community organizations’ role as the main resources providers. This work provides knowledge on the work these community organizations do, as well as the limitations they experience due to existing infrastructure deficits. I explore the following questions: 1) What is the relationship between a technological infrastructure and access to resources? 2) What assumptions are made by government agencies and community organizations in Los Angeles in their communication and outreach methods? 3) How has the COVID-19 pandemic shaped what community organizations advocate for in Southeast Los Angeles? 4) What are the consequences of already existing resource disparities in Southeast Los Angeles during the COVID-19 pandemic?Through the lens of the COVID-19 pandemic, I also witness the changes in community organizing due to the disproportionate burdens faced by Southeast Los Angeles. By examining the forms of advocacy and approaches used during and before the pandemic, as well as analyzing the structural deficits that both inhibit and influence community organizing, we can further understand what is needed by community organizations in communities of color.
Investigating the Role of Spatial Resolution and Vegetation Structure in Live Fuel Moisture Content Estimation from Microwave Remote Sensing
Creators: name: Flournoy-Pannell, Olivia
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: LFMC
Microwave Backscatter
California Forest Observatory
Wildfire

description: Live fuel moisture content (LFMC) - the mass of water per unit dry biomass in vegetation - is a key factor in determining fire risk. Because LFMC varies with plant species and physiological traits, estimates from optical remote sensing and meteorological indices are often insufficient, making LFMC difficult to capture at large spatial scales. Microwave backscatter, due to its sensitivity to water, provides a complementary source of information to optical remote sensing for estimating LFMC. However, microwave backscatter data from remote sensing contains speckle noise, which can be accounted for by retrieving the data at a coarser spatial resolution. 

This thesis aims to understand if accounting for plant heterogeneity with a finer resolution can outweigh the benefits of speckle noise reduction from a coarser resolution when estimating LFMC. This thesis also aims to understand if accounting for vegetation structure traits like canopy cover and canopy bulk density can lead to improved estimations of LFMC, since these traits are representative of plant physiology.

In this thesis, I built off of Rao et al (2020)’s recurrent neural network for estimating LFMC across the Western United States, which produced 15-day LFMC maps for the region at a 250 meter resolution. The training data from the National Fuel Moisture Database was rescaled so that the model from Rao et al. (2020) could be trained and validated at six different common spatial resolutions. Of the six resolutions tested, 250 m leads to the most optimal trade off between a lower root mean squared error and sufficient speckle noise reduction. 

Using vegetation data from the California Forest Observatory, I then updated the model inputs with canopy structure variables. Although initial results suggested that training data that was more representative of the validation data would lead to improved estimates, adding the representative CFO data led to a drop in performance, indicating the need for an improved vegetation structure dataset.
Additional file 1 of Baseline extracellular vesicle miRNA-30c and autophagic CTCs predict chemoradiotherapy resistance and outcomes in patients with lung cancer
Creators: name: de Miguel-Perez, Diego
name: Ortega, Francisco Gabriel
name: Tejada, Rosario Guerrero
name: Martínez-Única, Antonio
name: Peterson, Christine B.
name: Russo, Alessandro
name: Gunasekaran, Muthukumar
name: Cardona, Andres F.
name: Amezcua, Victor
name: Lorente, Jose Antonio
name: Expósito Hernández, Jose
name: Rolfo, Christian
name: Serrano, Maria Jose
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
LCAAJ audio for location 47212 (Berettyóújfalu, Hungary)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Berettyóújfalu, Hungary (47.219644, 21.536281)
Fed Transparency: A Sentiment Analysis Approach
Creators: name: Prazad, Saketh
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Transparency
subject: Sentiment analysis
subject: United States. Federal Open Market Committee
subject: Monetary policy

description: This paper studies the transparency of the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) in terms of its communication of sentiment. I use automated text analysis methods to produce topic and sentiment labels for all FOMC communications and documents, including meeting transcripts, meeting minutes, speeches, statements, press conferences, and staff briefings. I define transparency as the extent to which the sentiment of communications can predict meeting transcripts sentiment. I establish three key results. First, the sentiment of communications is consistently inflated relative to transcript sentiment. This is highly consistent with a model in which the FOMC receives asymmetric payoffs to market misinterpretation of communications. Second, despite sentiment inflation, communications can be used to very accurately predict transcript sentiment, with pseudo-R2 around 0.8 since 2000. Models using only communications sentiment can also predict future policy changes, with classification accuracy of 71%. Third, the FOMC's 1993 decision to publish its meeting transcripts sharply increased the transparency of the meeting minutes and led committee members to more closely adhere to the views of their staff, but at a potential cost of greater conformity among members.
The tridendriform structure of a Magnus expansion
Creators: name: Ebrahimi-Fard, Kurusch
name: Manchon, Dominique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17D25, 34G10, 05C05

description: The notion of trees plays an important role in Butcher's B-series. More recently, a refined understanding of algebraic and combinatorial structures underlying the Magnus expansion has emerged thanks to the use of rooted trees. We follow these ideas by further developing the observation that the logarithm of the solution of a lihear first-order finite-difference equation can be written in terms of the Magnus expansion taking place in a pre-Lie algebra. By using basic combinatorics on planar reduced trees we derive a closed formula for the Magnus expansion in the context of free tridendriform algebra. The tridendriform algebra structure on word quasi-symmetric functions permits us to derive a discrete analogue of the Mielnik-Plebanski-Strichartz formula for this logarithm.
description: To appear in Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems series A (AIMS). Partly supported by Agence Nationale de la Recherche, projet CARMA ANR-12-BS01-0017, and Ministerio de Econom{\i}a y Competitividad.MTM2011-23050
Additional file 1 of Selection of M7G-related lncRNAs in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma and their putative diagnostic and prognostic role
Creators: name: Zhong, Shuangze
name: Chen, Shangjin
name: Lin, Hansheng
name: Luo, Yuancheng
name: He, Jingwei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Survival analysis between the high- and low-expression groups of biomarkers. Supplementary Figure 2. The expression of biomarkers in KIRC patients of different clinical traits. a: ages; b: N stages; c: M stage. Supplementary Figure 3. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) curves in the TCGA-KIRC dataset (a) and the validation dataset (b). AUC, area under the curve.
Polar Codes For Broadcast Channels
Creators: name: Goela, Naveen
name: Abbe, Emmanuel
name: Gastpar, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Polar codes are introduced for discrete memoryless broadcast channels. For $m$-user deterministic broadcast channels, polarization is applied to map uniformly random message bits from $m$ independent messages to one codeword while satisfying broadcast constraints. The polarization-based codes achieve rates on the boundary of the private-message capacity region. For two-user noisy broadcast channels, polar implementations are presented for two information-theoretic schemes: i) Cover's superposition codes; ii) Marton's codes. Due to the structure of polarization, constraints on the auxiliary and channel-input distributions are identified to ensure proper alignment of polarization indices in the multi-user setting. The codes achieve rates on the capacity boundary of a few classes of broadcast channels (e.g., binary-input stochastically degraded). The complexity of encoding and decoding is $O(n*log n)$ where $n$ is the block length. In addition, polar code sequences obtain a stretched-exponential decay of $O(2^{-n^β})$ of the average block error probability where $0 < β< 0.5$.
description: 25 pages, double-column, 7 figures
Contexts: Stanford Undergraduate Research Journal in Anthropology, Spring 2021
Creators: name: Atluru, Kheli
name: Lopez, Angie
name: Varney, Ella
name: Lange, Cameron
name: Kaur, Sehajleen
name: Femenias, Jessica
name: MacHarg, Sarah
name: Veak, Vanessa
name: Milan, Natalie
name: Kaur, Harleen
name: Blancaflor, Sadie
name: Khan, Minha
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: anthropology

description: Contexts is a peer reviewed journal designed to allow Stanford undergraduates to share, discuss, and reflect on anthropology-informed thought and research. For questions, comments, or to get involved please visit contexts.stanford.edu or email anthropology@stanford.edu.

5: Letter from the Editors
6-11: Psychedelic Women: The Women of Counterculture and the Summer of Love
by Kheli Buckley Atluru
12-21: Achieving Trans-cendence: An Analysis of Alok Vaid-Menon’s Multimedia Approaches to the Dissolution of the Western Gender Binary
by Angie Lopez
22-29: Examining the Relationship Between the Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women’s Crisis and the Development of Extractive Industries
by Ella Varney
30-38: Soyboys and Soygirls:
A Reformed Feminist Vegetarianism
by Cameron Lange
39-41" Is Home Where the Heart Is or Is Heart Where the Home Is?
by Sehajleen Kaur
42-47: Alienation, Agency, the Body and Bracero Identity
by Jessica Femenias
48-56: To Develop, or Not to Develop... What Does That Mean, Anyway? The Urgent Challenges of Implementing Alternative Theories of Development
by Sarah MacHarg
57-63: A Must-Visit Destination: The Effect of Tourism on Marginalized Khmers in Cambodia
by Vanessa Veak
64-72: Imperfect Solutions: How Agrarian Ideals Drive “Ugly Produce” Marketing
by Natalie Milan
73-77: Giddha: Joyous Expression of Distress
by Harleen Kaur
78-80: Meet the Authors, Meet the Artist, Meet the Editors
title: Новые сведения о чудесах Тихвинской иконы  Богоматери в начале XVIII в.
Creators: name: Дилигул, Екатерина
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2019

description: В статье речь идет об одном из наименее изученных аспектов истории Тихвинского Успенского монастыря начала XVIII в. – о жизни обители во время Северной войны. Основное внимание уделено одному из чудес, произошедших с русскими полками от иконы Тихвинской Богоматери во время этой военной кампании.
Analyzing Candidates' Ideological Messaging Throughout the Electoral Cycle
Creators: name: Wittenbrink, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Machine Learning
Social Media
Stanford University Department of Economics
Political Communication
Ideology
Elections
Text Analysis
Political Economy

description: Conventional wisdom suggests that primary elections attract a loyal base of partisans, and consequently, political candidates must take more extreme positions to secure the nomination before moderating for the general electorate. Yet, the academic literature contains little empirical evidence on candidate positioning over the electoral process. I address this gap by using congressional candidates' tweets to quantify ideological rhetoric during the 2020 election using three different approaches. First, I adopt a data-driven approach to select the most partisan bigrams and specify a multinomial model of speech; second, I use a theoretically-derived dictionary to measure the frequency of moral values associated with political convictions; finally, I specify a natural language model using a deep learning architecture. I provide one of the first empirical analyses on the evolution of candidates' ideological messaging over the entire election cycle. I find statistically significant evidence of moderation among Republican but not Democratic candidates, with mixed support for greater movement in competitive general elections. I conclude that Republicans likely face stronger incentives than Democrats to employ extreme rhetoric in primaries and thus to moderate in general elections.
LCAAJ audio for location 47170 (Lackenbach, Austria)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Lackenbach, Austria (47.592281, 16.465678)
Preliminary Insights on TRAPPIST-1's Planetesimal Disk Architecture from N-Body Simulations
Creators: name: Pérez-López, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: TRAPPIST, N-body, exoplanet, habitability

description: One of the driving forces of modern astronomy is to detect and image habitable Earth-sized exoplanets to better understand the requirements for life and, by extension, our place in the universe. Recently, the TRAPPIST-1 system has become the focus of intense study because three of its seven Earth-sized terrestrial planets lie within the habitable zone of an ultra-cool red dwarf star, where water — if present at the surface — could be liquid. The orbital periods of all seven planets in the TRAPPIST-1 system are observed to be in small-integer ratios, with all seven planets linked via three-body resonances. Through N-body simulations, we use the long-term stability of the system and survivability of the resonance chain to constrain the feasible architecture of a theoretical planetesimal belt, in turn improving our understanding of potential volatile delivery to the planets within the habitable zone. Here we use the open-source REBOUND package to first improve on previous dynamical studies of the TRAPPIST-1 system with refined orbital parameters, and then introduce a custom collision model that can extract relative impact velocities at times of collision. We then show that planetesimal impactors preferentially target the outermost planet h, and most collisions occur in the first tens of thousands of Earth years of integration time. Our results imply that a theoretical planetesimal belt would preferentially affect the outermost planet on short timescales and initiate migration of the outer planets, potentially disrupting system stability. These N-body simulations contribute to long-running conversations regarding volatile transport via planetesimal impactors and the habitability of the TRAPPIST-1 system.
The Political Reconstruction of Protecting National Interests: Why the United States Negotiated and Signed but Did Not Ratify the 1977 Additional Protocols to the Geneva Conventions
Creators: name: Koch, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: International law
subject: Diplomatic negotiations in international disputes
subject: Diplomatic Conference on the Reaffirmation and Development of International Humanitarian Law Applicable in Armed Conflicts
subject: Humanitarian law
subject: Regulating military conduct
subject: U.S. foreign policy

description: The United States negotiated and signed the 1977 Additional Protocols to the Geneva Conventions designed to significantly improve the protection of civilians during times of conflict, but later chose not to ratify the treaty. Until now, most explanations for this puzzle have focused on the role of external pressures, rather than domestic forces, to explain the fate of Protocol I. This thesis analyzes over 7,600 pages of the official negotiating record, declassified Department of State and Department of Defense reports during and following the negotiations, as well as interviews with key personnel in the Carter and Reagan administrations, to assess the relationship between U.S. national interests and U.S. foreign policy positions in the construction of the 1977 Additional Protocols. The historical record reveals that the U.S. had explicit national interests in the negotiations that drove negotiators’ approach, strategy, and ultimate success, as determined by the Carter Administration and the Joint Chiefs of Staff within the Defense Department. The U.S. delegation actively sought provisions that were militarily and politically acceptable to the U.S. and signed onto an agreement that furthered national interests, as determined by the administration, priming the U.S. for ratification. However, the ultimate decision to not submit the Protocol for Senate ratification reveals a clear shift in the analysis of the effects of the final text across the Carter and Reagan Administrations. This thesis finds that the alignment of Protocol I with the protection of U.S. national security interests was no longer interpreted as such as new personnel entered under the subsequent Reagan administration. Such an analysis reveals the political construction and re-interpretation of the protection of fundamental national interests, yielding significantly different outcomes. It also reveals the impact of nuanced individual interpretations on matters critical to national security. These findings pose serious concerns for the consistent realization of U.S. national interests, the continuity of U.S. global leadership, and the credibility of U.S. commitments internationally.
Mind The Gap: The Impact of the Gender Composition of College STEM Courses on STEM Degree Completion
Creators: name: Yan, Shannon
name: Hoxby, Caroline
name: Stanford University, Department of Economics
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Gender Gap
Classroom Peer Effects
STEM Education

description: Peer effects within classrooms are powerful as they can lead to a more optimal distribution of peers, thus improving educational outcomes, creating more efficient human capital investments, and promoting macroeconomic growth. I attempt to measure gender peer effects within STEM education by employing a strategy that exploits variation in STEM interest among females across cohorts within a particular school as a source of idiosyncratic variation. To measure the effect of gender composition within a STEM classroom on the probability that a student graduates with a STEM degree, I instrument the gender composition of a classroom on the share of women in that cohort who expressed an interest in STEM prior to their freshman year of college. I find that there are indeed gender peer effects in STEM education: a 10 percent increase in the proportion of females within a STEM cohort leads to a 7.77 percent increase in the share of females and a 5.52 percent decrease in the share of males graduating with a STEM degree. I also extend my analysis to examine the effect within certain racial groups and fields of study and find statistically significant results varying in magnitude and direction. I also find evidence that gender peer effects in STEM classrooms are non-linear: both men and women in STEM classrooms with a below-median female share are 32.67-33.24 percent more likely to graduate with a degree in STEM when there is a 10 percent increase in the female share of the classroom.
Spontaneous Emission Control in a Tunable Hybrid Photonic System
Creators: name: Frimmer, Martin
name: Koenderink, A. Femius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally demonstrate control of the rate of spontaneous emission in a tunable hybrid photonic system that consists of two canonical building blocks for spontaneous emission control, an optical antenna and a mirror, each providing a modification of the local density of optical states (LDOS).We couple fluorophores to a plasmonic antenna to create a superemitter with an enhanced decay rate. In a superemitter analog of the seminal Drexhage experiment we probe the LDOS of a nanomechanically approached mirror. Due to the electrodynamic interaction of the antenna with its own mirror image the superemitter traces the inverse LDOS of the mirror, in stark contrast to a bare source, whose decay rate is proportional to the mirror LDOS.
Additional file 1 of Experiences of Alaska Native people living with burn injury and opportunities for health system strengthening
Creators: name: Smith, Mallory B.
name: Brownson, Elisha
name: Newman, Andrea K.
name: Madison, Christopher
name: Fuentes, Molly
name: Amtmann, Dagmar
name: Carrougher, Gretchen J.
name: Gibran, Nicole S.
name: Stewart, Barclay T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
LCAAJ audio for location 47166 (Mattersdorf, Austria)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Mattersdorf, Austria (46.71882, 14.1445)
DIGGING UP OLD WOUNDS OR FIXING FLAWS?WHITE RURAL US HISTORY TEACHER’S RESPONSIBILITIES AROUND RACE
Creators: name: Teitler, Octavia
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Race
subject: Education
subject: History
subject: Civics

description: In today’s social political climate, teachers, and especially history teachers, are simultaneously being called on to implement anti-racist education and to avoid teaching critical race theory. However, while there is much debate about what teachers should be teaching students, and especially white students, about race, there is relatively little understanding of how these lessons actually unfold in classrooms. Using semi structured zoom interviews, I set out to answer the question: what are the perceived responsibilities of nine white, rural US history teachers in teaching about the history and legacy of racism in the United States? All the teachers interviewed expressed a strong sense of responsibility to help their students understand what it means to be American. Five main sub-responsibilities emerged: 1) Help students develop either a proud attitude or a critical towards their Americanness, 2) Prepare students for future civic engagement either through voting or through protest, 3) Use the past to contextualize current events and explain either the existence, or absence of, systems of racial oppression in the present. 4) Provide students with diverse materials and perspectives that either uphold or challenge dominant/hegemonic narratives of history. 5) Create a safe space for students to learn how to interact with racial others. Notably, these responsibilities had very little to do with the past; instead, what mattered most were students’ current identities, realities and possible futures. Where teachers varied most was not in their responsibilities themselves but in their sense of what kind of Americans they hoped to foster in their classroom. The pasts that teachers chose to teach were not as important as the reasons that teachers chose to teach them. This insight highlights the need to center and examine teacher motivation in teacher preparation programs and to focus on teacher intention over classroom content.
title: Военные операции Ганса Мунка в Московском  государстве  в 1611–1612 гг. и контрмеры вождей Первого  и Второго ополчений
Creators: name: Замятин, Герман
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2019

description: Рассмотрены неизвестные страницы Смутного времени начала XVII в. на севере и северо-западе России. Автор разбирает операции шведского военачальника Ганса Мунка в Заонежье осенью 1611 – весной 1612 г., обращает внимание на сопро-тивление местного населения Заонежских погостов действиям Ганса Мунка, приводит сведения о его биографии, а также исследует предыдущие попытки шведов весной – летом 1611 г. завладеть Северной Карелией (Колой, Сумским острогом и Соловецким монастырем).
Optical thickness determination of hexagonal Boron Nitride flakes
Creators: name: Golla, Dheeraj
name: Chattrakun, Kanokporn
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: LeRoy, Brian J.
name: Sandhu, Arvinder
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical reflectivity contrast provides a simple, fast and noninvasive method for characterization of few monolayer samples of two-dimensional materials. Here we apply this technique to measure the thickness of thin flakes of hexagonal Boron Nitride (hBN), which is a material of increasing interest in nanodevice fabrication. The optical contrast shows a strong negative peak at short wavelengths and zero contrast at a thickness dependent wavelength. The optical contrast varies linearly for 1-80 layers of hBN, which permits easy calibration of thickness. We demonstrate the applicability of this quick characterization method by comparing atomic force microscopy and optical contrast results.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
title: Benthic assemblage development and larval ecology of marine invertebrates at Adelaide Island, Antarctica
Creators: name: Bowden, David A.
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2005

description: This thesis describes the first regularly resurveyed study of marine benthic colonisation processes at a location within the Antarctic Circle (660 30' S). Invertebrate assemblages on hard substrata were studied at 8 m and 20 m depths at three locations near Rothera Point, Adelaide Island (670 34' S, 68° 07' W). Assemblages on natural substrata were surveyed photographically and by sampling of cryptic sessile fauna. Recruitment to upper and lower surfaces of artificial substrata was monitored at monthly intervals through 1.5 yr and subsequent survival and growth of sessile assemblages was monitored photographically over 3 yr. Planktonic larvae of benthic invertebrates were surveyed at monthly intervals through 1.5 yr.

Recruitment took place throughout the year but was strongly seasonal in most taxa. Many sessile taxa recruited during winter; apparently in direct contrast to a general pattern of summer recruitment in temperate latitudes. All vagile taxa, by contrast, recruited in summer, regardless of developmental type or time of spawning. Rates of assemblage development, and maximum growth rates of individual species, were slow compared with temperate latitudes but a biotic and biotic disturbances caused realised growth rates to be highly variable at scales of m - km. Ice impacts affected substrata at 8 m but the establishment of assemblages at both depths was controlled principally by postsettlement mortality from biotic disturbances, particularly grazing by the urchinSterechinus neumayeri.

Larvae were present in all months but most taxa showed strong seasonality of occurrence. Diversity of larval types was comparable with data from other Antarctic and temperate studies but abundances were higher than in a similar study at Signy Island (60043' S, 45° 36' W). The range of larval types, durations, and times of spawning argues against any strong selective pressures a
Look Who’s Talking: Examining the role of racialized beliefs in language processing and speaker judgments
Creators: name: Manko, Dean
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: language and race
linguistic discrimination
language processing
race and perception
speaker perception

description: We heavily depend on information about who is talking, as well as our prior beliefs about the world, to construct meaning. However, there exists little empirical research on the role of preconceived notions and stereotypes in how we process utterances and judge their speakers. In a series of three experiments, I examine how racialized ideologies affect both language comprehension and listeners’ judgments of different speakers. I first investigate whether racialized stereotypes and beliefs affect comprehension using a series of self-paced reading tasks (Experiments 1 & 2), and then ask whether racial (and gendered) biases affect the degree to which listeners penalize speakers for interrupting (Experiment 3). Experiments 1 and 2 provided no evidence for the activation of racialized stereotypes. The findings from Experiment 3 suggest that race and gender significantly affect how a speaker is judged. When interrupting, female speakers were judged to be less prosocial, more aggressive, and less intelligent than male speakers. And when interrupting, Black speakers were judged to be less prosocial, and more aggressive than White speakers. These results suggest that the perceived race and gender of a speaker — and the implicit biases associated with race and gender — affect how harshly a listener penalizes that speaker for interrupting. This penalization has broader consequences in larger societal systems including the courtroom and classroom.
Combining Recurrent and Terminal Events Into a Composite Endpoint May Be Problematic
Creators: name: Liu, Xiaofei
name: Benda, Norbert
name: Mittmann, Clemens
name: Koch, Armin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Pharmacology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: In clinical trials for chronic heart failure (CHF), time to a composite of first hospitalization for worsening heart failure or death is a widely accepted primary efficacy measure. Motivated by lower event rates in recent CHF trials, there are proposals to use endpoints accounting for recurrent heart failure hospitalization (HFH) events (e.g., recurrent HFH events plus death as an additional event) as the primary endpoint to better quantify disease burden and to improve trial efficiency. However, analysis and interpretation of recurrent event endpoints may be complicated by the terminal event death. In a previous simulation study it was shown that the Type I error rate was well-controlled for the analysis of the composite recurrent event endpoint using the negative binomial (NB) model and the Lin-Wei-Yang-Ying (LWYY) model. As these results were based on limited scenarios, we extended the previous simulation study and identified situations where the Type I error rate is no longer controlled for the analysis of the composite recurrent event endpoint using the LWYY model, despite a neutral effect on HFH and a detrimental effect on death of the experimental treatment. Therefore, depending on clinical settings, the LWYY model should be applied and interpreted with more caution.
Restoration of Quantum State in Dephasing Channel
Creators: name: Zhao, Xinyu
name: Hedemann, Samuel R.
name: Yu, Ting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we propose an explicit scheme to fully recover a multiple-qubit state subject to a phase damping noise. We establish the theoretical framework and the operational procedure to restore an unknown initial quantum state for an N-qubit model interacting with either individual baths or a common bath. We give an explicit construction of the random unitary (RU) Kraus decomposition for an N-qubit model interacting with a common bath. We also demonstrate how to use only one unitary reversal operation to restore an arbitrary state with phase damping noise. In principle, the initial state can always be recovered with a success probability of 1. Interestingly, we found that non-RU decomposition can also be used to restore some particular entangled states. This may open a new path to restore a quantum state beyond the standard RU scheme.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, Typos and inaccuracies are corrected. Presentation is also improved
Additional file 1 of Socioecological systems analysis of potential factors for cholera outbreaks and assessment of health system’s readiness to detect and respond in Ilemela and Nkasi districts, Tanzania
Creators: name: Ngingo, Baraka L.
name: Mchome, Zaina S.
name: Bwana, Veneranda M.
name: Chengula, Augustino
name: Mwanyika, Gaspary
name: Mremi, Irene
name: Sindato, Calvin
name: Mboera, Leonard E.G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
LCAAJ audio for location 47086 (Gailingen, Germany)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Gailingen, Germany (47.696882, 8.755412)
Analysis of three-dimensional potential problems in non-homogeneous media with physics-informed deep collocation method using material transfer learning and sensitivity analysis
Creators: name: Guo, Hongwei
name: Zhuang, Xiaoying
name: Chen, Pengwan
name: Alajlan, Naif
name: Rabczuk, Timon
Publisher: name: London : Springer
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Activation function
subject: Collocation method
subject: Deep learning
subject: Non-homogeneous
subject: PDEs
subject: Physics-informed
subject: Potential problem
subject: Sampling method
subject: Sensitivity analysis
subject: Transfer learning
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: In this work, we present a deep collocation method (DCM) for three-dimensional potential problems in non-homogeneous media. This approach utilizes a physics-informed neural network with material transfer learning reducing the solution of the non-homogeneous partial differential equations to an optimization problem. We tested different configurations of the physics-informed neural network including smooth activation functions, sampling methods for collocation points generation and combined optimizers. A material transfer learning technique is utilized for non-homogeneous media with different material gradations and parameters, which enhance the generality and robustness of the proposed method. In order to identify the most influential parameters of the network configuration, we carried out a global sensitivity analysis. Finally, we provide a convergence proof of our DCM. The approach is validated through several benchmark problems, also testing different material variations. © 2022, The Author(s).
title: Fördert Spiritualität die Gesundheit von Fachkräften in Kitas?
Creators: name: Riegger, Manfred
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2019

description: Kann Spiritualität Gesundheit erhalten? Psychologische und religionspsychologische Indizien sprechen dafür. Allerdings hängt es von der Art der Spiritualität ebenso ab wie vom Gesundheits- und Professionsverständnis. Beides wird geklärt und auf Spiritualität
in Kindertageseinrichtungen bezogen, um abschließend Perspektiven aufzuzeigen.
description: Does spirituality stimulate health? There is evidence, empirical as well as in Psychology and Psychology of Religion findings. The kind of spirituality is as important as the understanding of health and profession. Thus, I will clarify these understandings related to day-care centers, which offer numerous perspectives.
description: Spiritualität – Gesundheit – Professionswissen, Spirituality – Health – Professional Knowledge
description: Österreichisches Religionspädagogisches Forum, 27(2), 90-113
Stochastic deep collocation method based on neural architecture search and transfer learning for heterogeneous porous media
Creators: name: Guo, Hongwei
name: Zhuang, Xiaoying
name: Chen, Pengwan
name: Alajlan, Naif
name: Rabczuk, Timon
Publisher: name: London : Springer
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Deep learning
subject: Error estimation
subject: Hyper-parameter optimization algorithms
subject: Log-normally distributed
subject: Method of manufactured solutions
subject: Neural architecture search
subject: Physics-informed
subject: Randomized spectral representation
subject: Sensitivity analysis
subject: Transfer learning
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: We present a stochastic deep collocation method (DCM) based on neural architecture search (NAS) and transfer learning for heterogeneous porous media. We first carry out a sensitivity analysis to determine the key hyper-parameters of the network to reduce the search space and subsequently employ hyper-parameter optimization to finally obtain the parameter values. The presented NAS based DCM also saves the weights and biases of the most favorable architectures, which is then used in the fine-tuning process. We also employ transfer learning techniques to drastically reduce the computational cost. The presented DCM is then applied to the stochastic analysis of heterogeneous porous material. Therefore, a three dimensional stochastic flow model is built providing a benchmark to the simulation of groundwater flow in highly heterogeneous aquifers. The performance of the presented NAS based DCM is verified in different dimensions using the method of manufactured solutions. We show that it significantly outperforms finite difference methods in both accuracy and computational cost. © 2022, The Author(s).
title: Are you READY?
Creators: name: Ivkovits, Heinz
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2019

description: In diesem Beitrag sollen zentrale Diskussionspunkte und Schlussfolgerungen des von sechs Ländern getragenen Erasmus+ Projekts READY (Religious Education and Diversity) dargestellt werden. Sie basieren auf den im Laufe des Projekts entstandenen Publikationen, der Analyse entsprechender aktueller Fachliteratur sowie den Perspektiven von Mitgliedern des READY Konsortiums und ExpertInnengespräche vor Ort. Damit soll sowohl zur internen Diskussion als auch zu dem durch READY initiierten europäischen
Fachdialog ein Beitrag geleistet werden.
description: This paper aims to present key points of discussion and conclusions of the Erasmus+ project READY (Religious Education and Diversity), carried out in six countries. They are based on the publications produced in the course of the project, the analysis of relevant current specialist literature as well as the perspectives of members of the READY consortium and discussions with local experts. Thus, a contribution is to be made both to the local discourse and to the European expert dialogue initiated by READY.
description: Diversität – Positionalität – Professionalisierung – Religionsunterricht – safe space, diversity – positionality – professionalization – religious education – safe space
description: Österreichisches Religionspädagogisches Forum, 27(2), 114-128
LCAAJ audio for location 47159 (Wopfing, Austria)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Wopfing, Austria (47.879502, 16.080464)
Propagation of uncertainties in the Skyrme energy-density-functional model
Creators: name: Gao, Y.
name: Dobaczewski, J.
name: Kortelainen, M.
name: Toivanen, J.
name: Tarpanov, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parameters of nuclear energy-density-functionals (EDFs) are always derived by an optimization to experimental data. For the minima of appropriately defined penalty functions, a statistical sensitivity analysis provides the uncertainties of the EDF parameters. To quantify theoretical errors of observables given by the model, we studied the propagation of uncertainties within the UNEDF0 Skyrme-EDF approach. We found that typically the standard errors rapidly increase towards neutron rich nuclei. This can be linked to large uncertainties of the isovector coupling constants of the currently used EDFs.
description: 6 RevTex pages, 6 figures, 1 table, submitted to Physical Review C