cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The impact of prenatal maternal medication and dietary habits and parental alcohol consumption on childhood obesity and overweight risk in Australia
Creators: name: Horne, Brenton
Publisher: name: University of Southern Queensland
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420606
subject: Social determinants of health

description: In Australia, approximately a quarter of children are overweight or obese. Childhood obesity and overweight is a risk factor for poor academic performance, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and certain cancers, among other issues. The objective of this study is to identify new parental risk factors for the condition, along with mediating factors involved in these relationships, and protective factors that impact upon these relationships. The risk factors examined were parental alcohol consumption and Prenatal Maternal (PM) medication use and dietary exclusion. The Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) was used to test for the relationship between these risk factors and childhood obesity and overweight risk. Each wave was individually fitted with a linear model (outcome variable: child body mass index z-score) and a multinomial logistic model (outcome variable: weight status) and known and hypothesized risk factors were treated as independent variables. Generalized estimating equations were also fitted to all waves collectively with similar outcome variables and independent variables. Moderation effects were tested for using the Hayes PROCESS macro and the Iacobucci technique of mediation analysis was used for testing for mediation effects. Heavy parental drinking seemed to be associated with an increased risk of obesity and overweight at certain stages of childhood. Parental warmth appeared to moderate these effects at times. Exclusion of fish and eggs from the PM diet was associated with a higher risk of child obesity and overweight at times. PM dietary supplements did seem to protect against these effects. PM antibiotics, prescription antiemetics, prescription heartburn medicines, over-the-counter (OTC) analgesics and other OTC medicines not listed in LSAC seemed largely neutral in their effects on childhood obesity and overweight risk. Other medications were associated with higher risks of obesity and overweight at certain stages of childhood. PM dietary supplement use did not seem to protect against these effects. These results show that the prenatal maternal diet and medication use, along with parental alcohol consumption are important predictors of childhood obesity and overweight. The results relating to prenatal maternal factors should be used to inform the healthy pregnancy campaign of the Australian Government as for the parental alcohol consumption risk factor it should inform existing public health campaigns aimed at curbing problem alcohol consumption in adults.
Toward verification of a natural resource uncertainty model
Creators: name: Davis, Trevor John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Natural resource management models simplify reality for the purpose of planning or management. In much the same way, an uncertainty model simplifies the many uncertainties that pervade the natural resource management model. However, though a number of uncertainty models have been developed, there has been little work on verifying such models against the uncertainty they purport to represent. The central research question addressed by this work is 'can a natural resource management uncertainty model be verified in order to evaluate its utility in real-world management?' Methods to verity uncertainty models are developed in two areas: uncertainty data models, and uncertainty propagation through process models. General methods are developed, and then applied to a specific case study: slope stability uncertainty in the southern Queen Charlotte Islands. Verification of two typical uncertainty data models (of classified soils and continuous slope) demonstrates that (in this case) both expert opinion inputs and published error statistics underestimate the level of uncertainty that exists in reality. Methods are developed to recalibrate the data models, and the recalibrated data are used as input to an uncertainty propagation model. Exploratory analysis methods are then used to verify the output of this model, comparing it with a high-resolution mass wastage database—itself developed using a new set of tools incorporating uncertainty visualisation. Exploratory data analysis and statistical analysis of the verification shows that, given the nature of slope stability modelling, it is not possible to directly verify variability in the model outputs due to the existing distribution of slope variability (based on the nature of slope modelling). However, the verification work indicates that the information retained in uncertaintybased process models allows increased predictive accuracy—in this case of slope failure. It is noted that these verified models and their data increase real-world management and planning options at all levels of resource management. Operational utility is demonstrated throughout this work. Increased strategic planning utility is discussed, and a call is made for integrative studies of uncertainty model verification at this level.
SOME ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF UPLAND DEVELOPMENT IN KOREA
Creators: name: Sjamsu, Asmarni
name: Sjamsu, Asmarni
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1972
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Korea is a land-short economy faced with a very high population density and low land cultivation density and high rates of migration from farm to urban areas with rapid urbanization. Therefore, agricultural land is one of the valuable resources for the Korean economy. Shortage of land has been one of the major limitations of production in the Republic of Korea in trying to produce enough food to supply its expected demand. Population growth is one of the major factors in determining this demand for food. Currently, about 60 percent of the population still derives its likelihood from agriculture. Agriculture sector contributes about 28.4 percent of the GNP.
title: Beiträge zur Wirtschafts-Statistik: 1. Die Weinernte in den Jahren 1908 und 1909. 2. Die Milchwirtschaft in den Jahren 1908 und 1909
title: Statistische Mittheilungen betreffend den Kanton Zürich
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Statistische Mitteilungen betreffend den Kanton Zürich
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Buchdruckerei Geschwister Ziegler
Year: 1911
Subjects: subject: 314 Allgemeine Statistiken zu Europa
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: 630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
subject: Kanton Zürich
subject: Amtliche Statistik
subject: Landwirtschaftsstatistik
subject: Weinbau
subject: Milchwirtschaft

description: Inhalt: Die Weinernte des Kantons Zürich in den Jahren 1908 und 1909 nach Quantum und Geldwert ; Die Milchwirtschaft im Kanton Zürich in den Jahren 1908 und 1909 - beide mit einem Textteil und tabellarischen Darstellungen.
FARM-LEVEL INCENTIVES FOR FERTILIZER USE IN RWANDA'S KIGALI RURAL PROVINCE: A FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Mugabo, Josaphat R.
name: Mugabo, Josaphat R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: The objective of this study was to evaluate the profitability of the main food crops in the context of the current government policy of promoting the use by farmers of improved inputs. This study tried to estimate the magnitudes of costs associated with the use of chemical fertilizer on climbing beans, maize, sorghum and soybeans grown in the province of Kigali rural and the benefits farmers would get by investing their labor and money in these crops. In less detail, this study analyzed some recent survey data seeking to put crop production in a wider perspective of the household's limitations and/or opportunities when dealing with the issue of improving crop yields on its land. Data analysis was done at the agroecological zone level and considered the three major agroecological zones of the Kigali rural province, namely, plateau de l'Est zone, plateau central zone and bugesera zone. Of the four crops selected in plateau de l'Est zone, the use of fertilizer would generate returns to family labor equal to or greater than the local agricultural labor wage for maize, soybeans and sorghum. The three crops provide also the best returns to the combination of organic and mineral fertilizer but production intensification by fertilizer use would be financially more attractive for soybeans and sorghum production. In plateau central zone the returns to family labor are greater than the agricultural labor wage for one crop, that is, sorghum grown with "DAP + urea" as mineral fertilizer. However, two crops, sorghum and soybeans, would give enough returns to the combination of organic and mineral fertilizer and their intensification by fertilizer use would be financially attractive. Sorghum was the only crop perceived by previous studies as potentially profitable with fertilizer use in Bugesera zone. The remuneration rate, the returns to family labor and the margins generated with the available data do not support that assumption for the use of NPK but they do for the combination "DAP + urea." The latter improves all the three crop budget analysis criteria, compared to the traditional modes of production. Hence, sorghum would be more profitable in Bugesera zone when grown with "DAP + Urea" as chemical fertilizer.
Switching phenomena in magnetic vortex dynamics
Creators: name: Gaididei, Yuri B.
name: Kravchuk, Volodymyr P.
name: Mertens, Franz G.
name: Sheka, Denis D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A magnetic nanoparticle in a vortex state is a promising candidate for the information storage. One bit of information corresponds to the upward or downward magnetization of the vortex core (vortex polarity). Generic properties of the vortex polarity switching are insensitive of the way how the vortex dynamics was excited: by an AC magnetic field, or by an electrical current. We study theoretically the switching process and describe in detail its mechanism, which involves the creation and annihilation of an intermediate vortex-antivortex pair.
description: REVTeX, 8 pages, 2 figures; to appear in a special issue of Low Temperature Physics in memory of A.M.Kosevich
Exact asymptotic solution of an aggregation model with a bell-shaped distribution
Creators: name: Leyvraz, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present in a detailed manner the scaling theory of irreversible aggregation characterized by the set of reaction rates $K(k,l)=1/k+1/l$, as well as a minor generalisation thereof. In this case, it is possible to evaluate the scaling function exactly. By this we mean that it is expressed as the unique solution of an ordinary differential equation with given boundary conditions. This can be solved numerically to high accuracy, making a highly detailed analysis of the scaling behaviour possible. The results confirm the far more general results of earlier work concerning a general scaling theory for so-called reaction rates of Type III. On the other hand, the behaviour of large aggregates at fixed time, that is, not in the scaling limit, which had been up to now analysed in an approximation valid in the limit of small times, can be determined more precisely in this case, and is shown to display subtle differences from the small-time approximation.
description: 38 pages preprint style, 6 figures
The Characteristic Momentum of Radiatively Cooling Energy-Driven Galactic Winds
Creators: name: Lochhaas, Cassandra
name: Thompson, Todd A.
name: Schneider, Evan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Energy injection by supernovae may drive hot supersonic galactic winds in rapidly star-forming galaxies, driving metal-enriched gas into the circumgalactic medium and potentially accelerating cool gas. If sufficiently mass-loaded, such flows become radiative within the wind-driving region, reducing the overall mass outflow rate from the host galaxy. We show that this sets a maximum on the total outflow momentum for hot energy-driven winds. For a spherical wind of Solar metallicity driven by continuous star formation, $\dot p_\rm{max} \simeq 1.9\times10^4\ M_\odot/\rm{yr\ km/s}\ (α/0.9)^{0.86}(R_\star/300\ \rm{pc})^{0.14}(\dot M_\star/20\ M_\odot/\rm{yr})^{0.86}$, where $α$ is the fraction of supernova energy that thermalizes the wind, and $\dot M_\star$ and $R_\star$ are the star formation rate and radius of the wind-driving region. This maximum momentum for hot winds can also apply to cool, ionized outflows that are typically observed in starburst galaxies, if the hot wind undergoes bulk radiative cooling or if the hot wind transfers mass and momentum to cool clouds within the flow. We show that requiring the hot wind to undergo single-phase cooling on large scales sets a minimum on the total outflow momentum rate. These maximum and minimum outflow momenta have similar values, setting a characteristic momentum rate of hot galactic winds that can become radiative on large scales. We find that most observations of photoionized outflow wind momentum fall below the theoretical maximum and thus may be signatures of cooling hot flows. On the other hand, many systems fall below the minimum momentum required for bulk cooling, indicating that perhaps the cool material observed has instead been entrained in or mixed with the hot flow.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Single spin asymmetries in elastic electron-nucleon scattering
Creators: name: Pasquini, B.
name: Vanderhaeghen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the target and beam normal spin asymmetries in elastic electron-nucleon scattering which depend on the imaginary part of two-photon exchange processes between electron and nucleon. In particular, we estimate these transverse spin asymmetries for beam energies below 2 GeV, where thetwo-photon exchange process is dominated from the resonance contribution to the doubly virtual Compton scattering tensor on the nucleon.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures, presented at International Workshop on Parity Violation and Hadronic Structure (PAVI04), Grenoble, France, 8-11 Jun 2004. Eur. Phys. J. A, to be published
Additional file 1 of Effectiveness of mass treatment of Schistosoma mansoni infection in socially vulnerable areas of a state in northeastern Brazil, 2011–2014
Creators: name: Wanderley, Flávia Silvestre Outtes
name: Montarroyos, Ulisses
name: Bonfim, Cristine
name: Cunha-Correia, Carolina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table Suppl 1. Distribution of locations submitted to mass drug administration for schistosomiasis with number of MDA rounds, proportion of positive cases and coverage per year, the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, from 2011 to 2014.
THE EFFECTS OF MULTIPLE COMPONENT PRICING ON PRODUCERS AND HANDLERS IN THE FEDERAL ORDER NO. 4 MARKETING AREA
Creators: name: Meek, Kimberly R.
name: Meek, Kimberly R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The Federal Milk Marketing Order Program was established in the Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act of 1937 to address the specific marketing problems associated with milk marketing. A supply and demand problem is created due to the daily production process of milk as well as its perishability. Fluid milk cannot be stored for long periods of time, therefore, a continual surplus must be produced in order to assure an adequate supply of fluid milk to meet the day-to-day needs of the consumers. In order to accomplish this goal, milk orders were created, the scope and terms of which are spelled out in the Agricultural Marketing Agreement Act (7 CFR 1000-1199). The general provisions included in all orders are a "classified pricing plan, a system of minimum class prices, and a plan for payments of uniform prices to producers and provisions for administering the order. Although an order considers the particular requirement of an individual market, it is closely coordinated among all markets". (USDA,6)
A generic relation between baryonic and radiative energy densities of stars
Creators: name: Mitra, Abhas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using elementary astrophysical concepts, we show that for any self-luminous astrophysical object, the ratio of radiation energy density inside the body (rho_r) and the baryonic energy density (rho_0) may be crudely approximated, in the Newtonian limit, as rho_r/rho_0 ~ GM/Rc^2, where G is constant of gravitation, c is the speed of light, M is gravitational mass, and R is the radius of the body. The key idea is that radiation quanta must move out in a diffusive manner rather than free stream inside the body of the star. When one would move to the extreme General Realtivistic case i.e., if the surface gravitational redshift, z >> 1, it is found that, rho_r/rho_0 ~ (1+z). Previous works on gravitational collapse, however, generally assumed rho_r/rho_0 << 1. On the other hand, actually, during continued general relativistic gravitational collapse to the Black Hole state (z --> infty), the collapsing matter may essentially become an extremely hot fireball a la the very early universe even though the observed luminosity of the body as seen by a faraway observer, L^\infty ~ (1+z)^{-1} --> 0 as z --> infty, and the collapse might appear as ``adiabatic''.
description: Small changes at proof stage, shows zero radiation density for collapse implies zero restmass density, MNRAS Letters (in press)
Additional file 2 of Effectiveness of mass treatment of Schistosoma mansoni infection in socially vulnerable areas of a state in northeastern Brazil, 2011–2014
Creators: name: Wanderley, Flávia Silvestre Outtes
name: Montarroyos, Ulisses
name: Bonfim, Cristine
name: Cunha-Correia, Carolina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table Suppl 2. Descriptive statistics on the socioeconomic variables of urban and rural areas, the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, from 2011 to 2014.
PRICE ANALYSIS, AND ALTERNATIVE METHODS OF MARKETING PLUMS IN MICHIGAN
Creators: name: McLean, Canute A.
name: McLean, Canute A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1970
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Plum production is steadily becoming big business in Michigan. The literature shows that the industry contributes a total value of more than one million dollars annually to Michigan growers. The industry is relatively young, but so far it has demonstrated an ability for substantial growth. Its growing importance plus a lack of economic information indicates that economic research is needed for this industry. This study seeks to examine a number of factors relative to the industry. First the present state of the industry will be examined along with a comparison with the other competing areas, specifically Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. Production costs for Michigan and Oregon will be examined and compared. A short insight will be given into the California plum industry, mostly because of its potential as a source of future competition. A second objective of this study is an attempt to analyze the Michigan plum price situation and to develop a forecast equation for Michigan plum price. The third objective of this study is an attempt to analyze the market potential of the Michigan plum industry. In this context an attempt will be made to suggest various ways in which the market may be expanded and made more responsive to the needs of producers and consumers alike. Finally, an attempt will be made to examine the past performance of the industry, to see what factors, if any might have impeded performance in the past.
Black-hole spectroscopy, the no-hair theorem and GW150914: Kerr vs. Occam
Creators: name: Bustillo, Juan Calderón
name: Lasky, Paul D.
name: Thrane, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The "no-hair" theorem states that astrophysical black holes are fully characterised by just two numbers: their mass and spin. The gravitational-wave emission from a perturbed black-hole consists of a superposition of damped sinusoids, known as \textit{quasi-normal modes}. Quasi-normal modes are specified by three integers $(\ell,m,n)$: the $(\ell, m)$ integers describe the angular properties and $(n)$ specifies the (over)tone. If the no-hair theorem holds, the frequencies and damping times of quasi-normal modes are determined uniquely by the mass and spin of the black hole, while phases and amplitudes depend on the particular perturbation. Current tests of the no-hair theorem, attempt to identify these modes in a semi-agnostic way, without imposing priors on the source of the perturbation. This is usually known as \textit{black-hole spectroscopy}. Applying this framework to GW150914, the measurement of the first overtone led to the confirmation of the theorem to $20\%$ level. We show, however, that such semi-agnostic tests cannot provide strong evidence in favour of the no-hair theorem, even for extremely loud signals, given the increasing number of overtones (and free parameters) needed to fit the data. This can be solved by imposing prior assumptions on the origin of the perturbed black hole that can further constrain the explored parameters: in particular, our knowledge that the ringdown is sourced by a binary black hole merger. Applying this strategy to GW150914 we find a natural log Bayes factor of $\sim 6.5$ in favour of the Kerr nature of its remnant, indicating that the hairy object hypothesis is disfavoured with $<1:600$ with respect to the Kerr black-hole one.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, Version Accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.D
QED of lossy cavities: operator and quantum-state input-output relations
Creators: name: Khanbekyan, M.
name: Knöll, L.
name: Welsch, D. -G.
name: Semenov, A. A.
name: Vogel, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of exact quantization of the electromagnetic field in dispersing and absorbing media the input-output problem of a high-$Q$ cavity is studied, with special emphasis on the absorption losses in the coupling mirror. As expected, the cavity modes are found to obey quantum Langevin equations, which could be also obtained from quantum noise theories, by appropriately coupling the cavity modes to dissipative systems, including the effect of the mirror-assisted absorption losses. On the contrary, the operator input-output relations obtained in this way would be incomplete in general, as the exact calculation shows. On the basis of the operator input-output relations the problem of extracting the quantum state of an initially excited cavity mode is studied and input-output relations for the $s$-parameterized phase-space function are derived, with special emphasis on the relation between the Wigner functions of the quantum states of the outgoing field and the cavity field.
description: 17 pages, 1 eps figure, typeset using RevTex4; published version
MARKET ALTERNATIVES FOR CARP, ALEWIFE AND SUCKER FROM THE MICHIGAN GREAT LAKES
Creators: name: Nilsson, Mark C.
name: Nilsson, Mark C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: "Market alternatives for Carp, Alewife and Sucker from the Michigan Great Lakes" is a study of the potential economic value of three species of fish existing in large supply in the great lakes. The study focuses on the feasability of potential uses of carp, sucker, and alewife as a food source and as a protein source for industrial meal, oil and solubles. The potential demand for these species as a marketable food fish was analyzed using the theory of consumer demand. Tuna, sardines, cod, perch, and salmon products were selected to study the affect of changes in price and income on demand. Conclusion from this analysis were used to specify an ordinary least squares equation of demand for canned and processed tuna, sardines, cod, perch, and salmon products at the retail level. The equations were then used to derive demand elasticities for those species and to measure the consumers sensitivity to changes in price. The conclusions were used to measure consumers willingness to accept substitute goods for premium ocean species. The analyses showed consumers' willingness to accept substitute ingredients for processed cod and perch. Consumers were generally unprepared to accept canned tuna, salmon, or sardine prototypes. While carp, sucker, and alewife might be accepted as substitute ingredients for processed cod or perch sticks, cases, or puffs, their use as substitutes for canned tune, salmon, or sardines appeared less assured. Under the conditions set forth, a manufacturer considering alternatives to higher priced species for processing could substitute the lower priced carp, sucker, or alewife with confidence in the products performance.
Could PBHs and secondary GWs have originated from squeezed initial states?
Creators: name: Ragavendra, H. V.
name: Sriramkumar, L.
name: Silk, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] Recently, the production of primordial black holes (PBHs) and secondary gravitational waves (GWs) due to enhanced scalar power on small scales have garnered considerable attention in the literature. Often, the mechanism considered to arrive at such enhanced power involves a modification of the standard slow roll inflationary dynamics, achieved with the aid of fine-tuned potentials. In this work, we investigate another well known method to generate features in the power spectrum wherein the initial state of the perturbations is assumed to be squeezed states. This approach is technically straightforward to implement since the Bogoliubov coefficients characterizing the squeezed initial states, can be immediately determined from the desired form of the power spectrum. It is known that, for squeezed initial states, the scalar bispectrum is strongly scale dependent and the consistency condition governing the scalar bispectrum in the squeezed limit is violated. In fact, the non-Gaussianity parameter $f_{_{\rm NL}}$ characterizing the scalar bispectrum proves to be inversely proportional to the squeezed mode and this dependence enhances its amplitude at large wave numbers making it highly sensitive to even a small deviation from the standard Bunch-Davies vacuum. These aspects can possibly aid in leading to enhanced formation of PBHs and generation of secondary GWs. However, we find that: (i) the desired form of the squeezed initial states may be challenging to achieve from a dynamical mechanism, and (ii) the backreaction due to the excited states severely limits the extent of deviation from the Bunch-Davies vacuum at large wave numbers. We argue that, unless the issue of backreaction is circumvented, squeezed initial states cannot lead to a substantial increase in power on small scales that is required for enhanced formation of PBHs and generation of secondary GWs.
description: v1: 23 pages, 5 figures; v2: 29 pages, 5 figures, discussions and references added, to appear in JCAP
Irreversibility, Loschmidt echo, and thermodynamic uncertainty relation
Creators: name: Hasegawa, Yoshihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entropy production characterizes irreversibility. This viewpoint allows us to consider the thermodynamic uncertainty relation, which states that a higher precision can be achieved at the cost of higher entropy production, as a relation between precision and irreversibility. Considering the original and perturbed dynamics, we show that the precision of an arbitrary counting observable in continuous measurement of quantum Markov processes is bounded from below by Loschmidt echo between the two dynamics, representing the irreversibility of quantum dynamics. When considering particular perturbed dynamics, our relation leads to several thermodynamic uncertainty relations, indicating that our relation provides a unified perspective on classical and quantum thermodynamic uncertainty relations.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures; 10 pages of supplemental material with 3 figures
Coherent spin ratchets: A spin-orbit based quantum ratchet mechanism for spin-polarized currents in ballistic conductors
Creators: name: Scheid, Matthias
name: Pfund, Andreas
name: Bercioux, Dario
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the combined effect of a spatially periodic potential, lateral confinement and spin-orbit interaction gives rise to a quantum ratchet mechanism for spin-polarized currents in two-dimensional coherent conductors. Upon adiabatic ac-driving, in the absence of a static bias, the system generates a directed spin current while the total charge current is zero. We analyze the underlying mechanism by employing symmetry properties of the scattering matrix and numerically verify the effect for different setups of ballistic conductors. The spin current direction can be changed upon tuning the Fermi energy or the strength of the Rashba spin-orbit coupling.
description: 5 pages and 4 Figures
[Class elicitation session]
Creators: name: Palacio, Philip Tim
name: Cathcart, Chundra
name: Cibelli, Emily
name: Kang, Shinae
name: Sheil, Christine
name: Stark, Tammy
name: Stickles, Elise
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cab

description: 7 WAV, 5 TextGrid, and 7 TXT files.
Garifuna narrative elicitation and some modal and conditional/counterfactuals (ems_01).
Garifuna complementation (sak_01).
Adding 'ha' and 'wa' to various verbs and inflections (cms).
Elicitation of miscellaneous topics (cac).
Wrapping up story text with some elicited sentences and phrases (esc_01).
Story transcription (tes_01, tes_02).
Diversity against the monoculture : bioregional vision and praxis and civil society theory
Creators: name: Carr, Mike
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: My thesis examines the bioregional movement in North America; its vision, values, strategies and tools for community building and networking towards a more sustainable society. The interrelated problems of the over-consumption of natural resources, the dominant cultural construct of people as consumers, and the decline of human community provide the context for my research in radical planning. The goal of my inquiry into bioregionalism (which places cultural change at the center of its paradigm for societal transformation) is to reveal lessons for a "post-Marxist" theory of civil society. This latter theory proposes a dual strategy of horizontal communicative action among associations in civil society combined with strategic vertical campaigns to democratize both state and corporations. However, it offers no ecological or cultural critique of consumption. My thesis addresses this gap. A civil society theory that incorporated lessons about consumption and cultural transformation from bioregionalism might, in turn, have lessons about integrating horizontal and vertical strategies for bioregionalism which has not sufficiently theorized its political economic strategy. I use two concepts, "social capital" and "eco-social capital", to analyze bioregional experiences. Eco-social capital refers to social capital informed by an ethic of human kinship with the natural world. Using these concepts, I first show how ecological kinship corresponds with the conservative and respectful use of resources in aboriginal societies. My study of bioregional praxis shows that story telling, earth ceremonies, ecological restoration, etc. bond bioregional actors to each other and to the "community-of-all-beings" in particular places. Social and eco-social capital provides them with spiritual resources for dedicating lives to long-term societal transformation while eschewing commodity consumption. Bioregionalists' experiences and strategy support a diverse and democratic civil society which respects and cares for the natural world. An eco-centric civil society theory would strategize long-term generational transformation in both cultural and political economic terms. Bioregional horizontal community and networking would be complemented by strategic vertical campaigns to curb the power of both state and corporations over civil society, thus strengthening democracy and a sustainable strategy for greatly reduced consumption.
FACILITATING THE ACHIEVEMENT OF FINANCIAL SELF-SUSTAINABILITY IN RURAL MICROFINANCE FOR EFFECTIVE OUTREACH: DESIGN AND MEASUREMENT ISSUES
Creators: name: Charitonenko, Stephanie
name: Charitonenko, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: This paper explores how microfinancial intermediation can be effectively promoted in rural areas to alleviate poverty and increase incomes for economic development. First, the inherent interdependencies in financial intermediation are addressed since they have historically inhibited the efficient functioning of rural financial markets. Second, the meaning of "successful" microfinancial intermediation is defined and applied to two case studies of the most widely recognized "success stories" - the Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives in Thailand, and the Bank Rakyat Indonesia's Village Unit system in Indonesia. Third, lessons from the case studies are drawn to identify minimum sufficient organizational (micro) and environmental (macro) conditions necessary for "successful" microfinancial intermediation in rural areas. Finally, the internal operational and external governmental policy implications of these minimum sufficient conditions are analyzed.
X-ray Raman scattering with Bragg diffraction in a La-based superlattice
Creators: name: André, J. -M.
name: Jonnard, P.
name: Bonnelle, C.
name: Filatova, E. O.
name: Michaelsen, C.
name: Wiesmann, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-dispersed soft x-ray emission from a La/B4C periodic multilayer irradiated by monochromatic x-rays has been measured as a function of the incident photon energy in the 125-200 eV range for different scattering angles. We have observed a scattered intensity peak at incident energies which shift towards the low-energy side as the value of the scattering angle increases. These observations are interpreted as Raman scattering by the 5p level of lanthanum assisted by Bragg diffraction from the lattice of the periodic multilayer. A simple model based upon the laws of energy and momentum conservation enables us to account for the variation of the incident energy associated with the Bragg-Raman peak.
description: 11 pages
Methodenprobleme einer Chronologie der Merowingerzeit in Süddeutschland
Creators: name: Meier, Thomas
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2021

description: Matthias Friedrich hat in seiner Freiburger Magisterarbeit einen neuen chronologischen Entwurf zur Merowingerzeit in Süddeutschland vorgelegt. Er unterscheidet sich von bisherigen Ansätzen, indem der relativen Chronologie eine strikte Korrespondenzanalyse zu Grunde liegt und die Typenbildung insbesondere der Frauenfibeln stark vereinfacht wird. Abweichungen zu bisherigen Chronologien – Friedrich wendet sich vor allem gegen die südwestdeutsche Chronologie Ursula Kochs – sind auf Unterschiede in der Typenbildung und eine starke Selektion bei der Auswahl münzführender Gräber zurückzuführen. Friedrichs Arbeit ist vor dem Hintergrund einer langen Forschungstradition zu bewerten und bestätigt im Wesentlichen die bisherigen chronologischen Vorstellungen. Dies hat großen Wert. Im Zentrum meines Beitrags stehen methodische, also technische und handwerkliche Überlegungen zu Chronologiesystemen des Frühmittelalters. Methodologische und theoretische Betrachtungen über die Annahmen, die diesen Methoden zu Grunde liegen, sind bislang nur sehr vereinzelt angestellt worden, bleiben aber auch hier außen vor. Digitalsupplement: https://doi.org/10.11588/data/M5PH4W
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 98 2020(2021)
Characterizing cryogenic amplifiers with a matched temperature-variable noise source
Creators: name: Simbierowicz, Slawomir
name: Vesterinen, Visa
name: Milem, Joshua
name: Lintunen, Aleksi
name: Oksanen, Mika
name: Roschier, Leif
name: Grönberg, Leif
name: Hassel, Juha
name: Gunnarsson, David
name: Lake, Russell E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a cryogenic microwave noise source with a characteristic impedance of 50 $Ω$, which can be installed in a coaxial line of a cryostat. The bath temperature of the noise source is continuously variable between 0.1 K and 5 K without causing significant back-action heating on the sample space. As a proof-of-concept experiment, we perform Y-factor measurements of an amplifier cascade that includes a traveling wave parametric amplifier and a commercial high electron mobility transistor amplifier. We observe system noise temperatures as low as $680^{+20}_{-200}$ mK at 5.7 GHz corresponding to $1.5^{+0.1}_{-0.7}$ excess photons. The system we present has immediate applications in the validation of solid-state qubit readout lines.
description: The following article has been accepted by Review of Scientific Instruments. After it is published, it will be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0028951
Two-player quantum pseudo-telepathy based on recent all-versus-nothing violations of local realism
Creators: name: Cabello, Adan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce two two-player quantum pseudo-telepathy games based on two recently proposed all-versus-nothing (AVN) proofs of Bell's theorem [A. Cabello, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 210401 (2005); Phys. Rev. A 72, 050101(R) (2005)]. These games prove that Broadbent and Methot's claim that these AVN proofs do not rule out local-hidden-variable theories in which it is possible to exchange unlimited information inside the same light-cone (quant-ph/0511047) is incorrect.
description: REVTeX4, 5 pages
SOME ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF CURRENT PRODUCTION, MARKETING AND DISTRIBUTION POLICIES OF MAIZE IN KENYA AND A PROPOSED FRAMEWORK FOR GENERATING INFORMATION ON ITS DEMAND AND SUPPLY
Creators: name: Chege, Fred E.
name: Chege, Fred E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Maize is one of the most important crops grown in Kenya. It is important as a basic staple, a source of income to many Kenyans, a source of raw material for a budding manufacturing industry as well as a source of foreign exchange. In fact, maize has been identified by the government as a major growth factor in agriculture. The principal reason behind this rather special government ranking of the maize industry is that, whereas about 90 percent of the Kenyan population depends on maize as their basic staple food, the country was unable to produce sufficient maize to meet domestic requirements until the early 1970's. Frequent shortages of maize have sometimes resulted in serious famines which, a part from causing a lot of suffering to many people, have also caused embarrassment to the various administrations of this country whose agriculture in general, has been described by some as "second to none" in independent Africa. The purpose of this paper is to attempt to evaluate the performance of the present maize marketing system and to develop a framework to determine what would be the overall impact of a return to the free market system. Our motivation for attempting to carry out an evaluation of the present official maize marketing system and a framework to determine the overall impact of the proposed reform stems from two considerations: (1) charges that have been made against the system by various groups of people have been largely unsupported by significant evidence--particularly those relating to market failure, and (2) it appears that the recommendations given by various experts that the present official marketing system be replaced by a free market have been made without detailed understanding of the marketing system as it now operates and consequently, other possible alternatives for the marketing of this important commodity have not been duly considered.
Additional file 1 of Development of a core outcome set for clinical trials aimed at improving antimicrobial stewardship in care homes
Creators: name: Nguyen, Hoa Q.
name: Bradley, Declan T.
name: Tunney, Michael M.
name: Hughes, Carmel M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary data for development of a core outcome set for clinical trials aimed at improving antimicrobial stewardship in care homes; Table S1: Inventory of outcomes by categories before the three-round Delphi exercise; Table S2: Search strategies to identify studies reporting outcome measurement instruments for antimicrobial stewardship; Table S3: Summary of the percentage of Delphi panel members rating each outcome during the outcome Delphi consensus survey; Table S4: Distribution of importance based on the scale used for outcomes after the online consensus exercise; Table S5: Summary of 55 included studies; Table S6: Methodological quality of studies aimed at developing OMIs relevant to antimicrobial prescribing in care homes; Table S7: Summary of quality assessment of ‘objective’ outcome measurement instruments; Table S8: Summary of quality assessment of ‘subjective’ outcome measurement instruments; Table S9: Quality assessment of feasibility aspects of outcome measurement instruments for the Core Outcome Set; Table S10: Distribution of agreement levels for each OMI after the OMI Delphi consensus survey.
On inverse scattering for the multidimensional relativistic Newton equation at high energies
Creators: name: Jollivet, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 78A46 65R32 45Q05 34A55

description: Consider the Newton equation in the relativistic case (that is the Newton-Einstein equation) $$\eqalign{\dot p = F(x),& F(x)=-\nabla V(x),\cr p={\dot x \over \sqrt{1-{|\dot x|^2 \over c^2}}},& \dot p={dp\over dt}, \dot x={dx\over dt}, x\in C^1(\R,\R^d),}\eqno{(*)}$$ $${\rm where\}V \in C^2(\R^d,\R), |\pa^j\_x V(x)| \le β\_{|j|}(1+|x|)^{-(α+|j|)}$$ for $|j| \le 2$ and some $α> 1$. We give estimates and asymptotics for scattering solutions and scattering data for the equation $(*)$ for the case of small angle scattering. We show that at high energies the velocity valued component of the scattering operator uniquely determines the X-ray transform $PF.$ Applying results on inversion of the X-ray transform $P$ we obtain that for $d\ge 2$ the velocity valued component of the scattering operator at high energies uniquely determines $F$. In addition we show that our high energy asymptotics found for the configuration valued component of the scattering operator doesn't determine uniquely $F$. The results of the present work were obtained in the process of generalizing some results of Novikov [R.G. Novikov, Small angle scattering and X-ray transform in classical mechanics, Ark. Mat. 37, pp. 141-169 (1999)] to the relativistic case.
Typologie 2.0 – Datenbanken in der Archäologie: das europäische Projekt Artefacts.mom.fr
Creators: name: Feugère, Michel
name: Sueur, Quentin
name: Vigier, Elise
name: Sponville, Éric
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2021

description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 98 2020(2021)
Assessing the Risk of Oil Spills in the Mediterranean: the Case of the Route from the Black Sea to Italy
Creators: name: Bigano, Andrea
name: Sheehan, Paul
name: Bigano, Andrea
name: Sheehan, Paul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: oil spills
subject: cleanup costs
subject: risk analysis

description: Recent major spills on European coasts have highlighted the primary policy relevance for the EU of oil spills. This paper assesses the risks related to carrying oil to the EU along the route from the Russian Black Sea coast to Sicily, Italy (one of the most congested and strategically relevant European import routes). We develop a methodology based on Fault Tree Analysis, and we apply it to the most likely causes of an oil spill. We couple the resulting probabilities with data on expected spill size, types of oil carried and cleanup costs, to estimate expected costs for cleanup and loss of cargo. The route analysed appears to be a risky one; there is a 'high' to 'very high' risk of a spill along this route. The Turkish Straits turn out to be the major danger point; however, there is no obvious hierarchy amongst the other sites along the route.