cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Neutron stars in Einstein-aether theory
Creators: name: Eling, Christopher
name: Jacobson, Ted
name: Miller, M. Coleman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As current and future experiments probe strong gravitational regimes around neutron stars and black holes, it is desirable to have theoretically sound alternatives to general relativity against which to test observations. Here we study the consequences of one such generalization, Einstein-aether theory, for the properties of non-rotating neutron stars. This theory has a parameter range that satisfies all current weak-field tests. We find that within this range it leads to lower maximum neutron star masses, as well as larger surface redshifts at a particular mass, for a given nuclear equation of state. For non-rotating black holes and neutron stars, the innermost stable circular orbit is only slightly modified in this theory.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures; v2: simplified the discussion of aether-matter couplings, removed one extraneous mass vs. pressure plot, added brief discussion of ae-theory effects in Ozel's mass determination method; v3: corrected the equation for aether stress tensor, results unchanged since correct form was used in calculations
From Elastic Scattering to Central Exclusive Production: Physics with Forward Protons at RHIC
Creators: name: Guryn, Wlodek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a physics program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) with tagged forward protons. The program started with the proton-proton elastic scattering experiment (PP2PP), for which a set of Roman Pot stations was build. The PP2PP experiment took data at RHIC as a dedicated experiment at the beginning of RHIC operations. To expand the physics program to include non-elastic channels with forward protons, like Central Exclusive Production (CEP), Central Production (CP) and Single Diffraction Dissociation (SD), the experiment with its equipment was merged with the STAR experiment at RHIC. Consequently the expanded program, which included both elastic and inelastic channels became part of the physics program and operations of the STAR experiment. In this paper we shall describe the physics results obtained by the PP2PP and STAR experiments to date.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, lecture at 60th Cracow School of Theoretical Physics
PION: Simulating bow shocks and circumstellar nebulae
Creators: name: Mackey, Jonathan
name: Green, Samuel
name: Moutzouri, Maria
name: Haworth, Thomas J.
name: Kavanagh, Robert D.
name: Zargaryan, Davit
name: Celeste, Maggie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Expanding nebulae are produced by mass loss from stars, especially during late stages of evolution. Multi-dimensional simulation of these nebulae requires high resolution near the star and permits resolution that decreases with distance from the star, ideally with adaptive timesteps. We report the implementation and testing of static mesh-refinement in the radiation-magnetohydrodynamics code PION, and document its performance for 2D and 3D calculations. The bow shock produced by a hot, magnetized, slowly rotating star as it moves through the magnetized ISM is simulated in 3D, highlighting differences compared with 2D calculations. Latitude-dependent, time-varying magnetized winds are modelled and compared with simulations of ring nebulae around blue supergiants from the literature. A 3D simulation of the expansion of a fast wind from a Wolf-Rayet star into the slow wind from a previous red supergiant phase of evolution is presented, with results compared with results in the literature and analytic theory. Finally the wind-wind collision from a binary star system is modelled with 3D MHD, and the results compared with previous 2D hydrodynamic calculations. A python library is provided for reading and plotting simulation snapshots, and the generation of synthetic infrared emission maps using torus is also demonstrated. It is shown that state-of-the-art 3D MHD simulations of wind-driven nebulae can be performed using PION with reasonable computational resources. The source code and user documentation is made available for the community under a BSD3 licence.
description: 27 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Positional Changes of Implant Scan Bodies after Repeated Sterilizations: An in vitro Study
Creators: name: Kim, MinTae
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: Objectives: The aim of this in vitro study is to evaluate the magnitude and direction of positional changes of implant scan bodies (ISBs) after up to 50 repeated sterilization cycles, and to determine the clinical importance and recommendations for repeated use of ISB.
Materials and Methods: Ten ISBs (PEEK at scan region and titanium base) and one 3D printed half-arch single tooth implant model with implant analogue placed in left second premolar were used. All ISBs were hand-tightened to the model prior to each sterilization according to the manufacturer’s recommendation. An initial scan prior to sterilization was set as control. All ISBs were scanned using a lab scanner after each sterilization. Displacement values in x, y, and z axes, oriented to the center of the scan region, were recorded after 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 sterilizations. Resulting positional deviations were compared using descriptive statistics, the non-parametric Friedman’s test, and the post-hoc Nemenyi test with Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons.
Results: Descriptive statistics indicates that the x-axis exhibited the least variability within and between specimens, while the y-axis showed the greatest variability. The median positional change of 10 specimens according to the number of sterilizations is less than 0.05mm on x-axis, 0.12mm on y-axis, and 0.035mm on z-axis. Positional deviations were globally statistically significant for all three axes. Post-hoc pairwise comparisons with Bonferroni correction were statistically significant at the 10th sterilization for the x axis (p= 8.2e-05), the 20th sterilization for the y axis (p= 0.007), and the 50th sterilization for the z axis (p= 0.023).
Conclusion: Statistically significant change in ISB position may occur after repeated sterilization cycles. However, within the limitation of this study, the magnitude of the median change for x and z axes after 50 sterilization cycles may be clinically acceptable.
Resource List of Textbooks and Monographs Related to Space Weather and Space Weather Science
Creators: name: Knipp, Delores
name: Cade, William B. (Trey), III
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: space weather, textbook resource list

description: This is a list of English-language textbooks, popular texts, topical monographs, and book series, related to the science of space weather and published since 1990. This list was originally prepared as input to the 15th Conference on Space Weather at the 2018 American Meteorological Society Meeting. This document describes textbook resources available to space weather practitioners, broadcasters, meteorologists, scientists, and engineers. ISBNs or web links are provided for all entries. The list has been updated to February 2021.
description: Supplement to the AMS presentation entitled: 'What are the Publically Accessable Resources for Space Weather Education and Training?' presented in Joint Panel Discussion 4: Shifting Paradigms: Communicating Space Weather through Social and Broadcast Media
Conjugacy and Dynamics in Thompson's Groups
Creators: name: Belk, James
name: Matucci, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65

description: We give a unified solution to the conjugacy problem for Thompson's groups F, T, and V. The solution uses strand diagrams, which are similar in spirit to braids and generalize tree-pair diagrams for elements of Thompson's groups. Strand diagrams are closely related to piecewise-linear functions for elements of Thompson's groups, and we use this correspondence to investigate the dynamics of elements of F. Though many of the results in this paper are known, our approach is new, and it yields elegant proofs of several old results.
description: 23 pages, 24 figures; final version; clarified role of orientation in the text surrounding Theorem 2.12
Additional file 2 of Postoperative awake prone position in geriatric patients with hip fractures: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial on the efficacy of postoperative prone position in reducing pulmonary complications and improving oxygenation
Creators: name: Gao, Yu-cheng
name: Shi, Liu
name: Zhang, Yuan-wei
name: Gao, Wang
name: Tian, Xie
name: Cao, Mu-min
name: Li, Ying-juan
name: Chen, Hui
name: Rui, Yun-feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS).
Velocity-Dependent Models for Non-Abelian/Entangled String Networks
Creators: name: Avgoustidis, A.
name: Shellard, E. P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop velocity-dependent models describing the evolution of string networks that involve several types of interacting strings, each with a different tension. These incorporate the formation of Y-type junctions with links stretching between colliding strings, while always ensuring energy conservation. These models can be used to describe network evolution for non-abelian strings as well as cosmic superstrings. The application to $Z_{N}$ strings in which interactions are topologically constrained, demonstrates that a scaling regime is generally reached which involves a hierarchy of string densities with the lightest most abundant. We also study hybrid networks of cosmic superstrings, where energetic considerations are more important in determining interaction outcomes. We again find that networks tend towards scaling, with the three lightest network components being dominant and having comparable number densities, while the heavier string states are suppressed. A more quantitative analysis depends on the precise calculation of the string interaction matrix using the underlying string or field theory. Nevertheless, these results provide further evidence that the presence of junctions in a string network does not obstruct scaling.
description: 44 pages, 15 figures; v2: Discussion on energy conservation and non-elasticity added (section IIIA1), bibliography expanded, published version; v3: typos in string density equations corrected (cf erratum)
Overview of the LoRaWAN standard and the MAC layer
Creators: name: Καραλιά, Ραφαέλα Ευφροσύνη Μιχαήλ
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: IoT
Ασύρματα δίκτυα
LoRaWAN
Wireless networks

description: Wireless communication protocols play a vital role in modern networks, allowing seamless data transfer between devices. This discussion delves into the world of communication protocols, with a particular focus on LoRaWAN, ALOHA protocols, and their variants. LoRaWAN, is explored in detail, covering its architecture, operation, and security features. The ALOHA protocols, including Pure ALOHA and Slotted ALOHA, are examined, highlighting their advantages and limitations. Additionally, the security challenges and enhancements associated with LoRaWAN are discussed, shedding light on the measures taken to safeguard IoT networks.
description: Τα πρωτόκολλα ασύρματης επικοινωνίας διαδραματίζουν ζωτικό ρόλο στα σύγχρονα δίκτυα, επιτρέποντας την απρόσκοπτη μεταφορά δεδομένων μεταξύ συσκευών. Αυτή η εργασία εμβαθύνει στον κόσμο των πρωτοκόλλων επικοινωνίας, με ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στα πρωτόκολλα LoRaWAN, ALOHA και τις παραλλαγές τους. Το LoRaWAN, μια τεχνολογία ευρείας περιοχής χαμηλής κατανάλωσης ενέργειας, διερευνάται λεπτομερώς, καλύπτοντας την αρχιτεκτονική, τη λειτουργία και τα χαρακτηριστικά ασφαλείας του. Τα πρωτόκολλα ALOHA, συμπεριλαμβανομένων των Pure ALOHA και Slotted ALOHA, εξετάζονται, επισημαίνοντας τα πλεονεκτήματα και τους περιορισμούς τους. Επιπλέον, συζητούνται οι προκλήσεις ασφαλείας και οι βελτιώσεις που σχετίζονται με το LoRaWAN, ρίχνοντας φως στα μέτρα που λαμβάνονται για τη διαφύλαξη των δικτύων IoT.
eQE 2.0: Subsystem DFT Beyond GGA Functionals
Creators: name: Mi, Wenhui
name: Shao, Xuecheng
name: Genova, Alessandro
name: Ceresoli, Davide
name: Pavanello, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By adopting a divide-and-conquer strategy, subsystem-DFT (sDFT) can dramatically reduce the computational cost of large-scale electronic structure calculations. The key ingredients of sDFT are the nonadditive kinetic energy and exchange-correlation functionals which dominate it's accuracy. Even though, semilocal nonadditive functionals find a broad range of applications, their accuracy is somewhat limited especially for those systems where achieving balance between exchange-correlation interactions on one side and nonadditive kinetic energy on the other is crucial. In eQE 2.0, we improve dramatically the accuracy of sDFT simulations by (1) implementing nonlocal nonadditive kinetic energy functionals based on the LMGP family of functionals; (2) adapting Quantum ESPRESSO's implementation of rVV10 and vdW-DF nonlocal exchange-correlation functionals to be employed in sDFT simulations; (3) implementing "deorbitalized" meta GGA functionals (e.g., SCAN-L). We carefully assess the performance of the newly implemented tools on the S22-5 test set. eQE 2.0 delivers excellent interaction energies compared to conventional Kohn-Sham DFT and CCSD(T). The improved performance does not come at a loss of computational efficiency. We show that eQE 2.0 with nonlocal nonadditive functionals retains the same linear scaling behavior achieved in eQE 1.0 with semilocal nonadditive functionals.
Epsilon Expansion for Multicritical Fixed Points and Exact Renormalisation Group Equations
Creators: name: O'Dwyer, J.
name: Osborn, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Polchinski version of the exact renormalisation group equations is applied to multicritical fixed points, which are present for dimensions between two and four, for scalar theories using both the local potential approximation and its extension, the derivative expansion. The results are compared with the epsilon expansion by showing that the non linear differential equations may be linearised at each multicritical point and the epsilon expansion treated as a perturbative expansion. The results for critical exponents are compared with corresponding epsilon expansion results from standard perturbation theory. The results provide a test for the validity of the local potential approximation and also the derivative expansion. An alternative truncation of the exact RG equation leads to equations which are similar to those found in the derivative expansion but which gives correct results for critical exponents to order $ε$ and also for the field anomalous dimension to order $ε^2$. An exact marginal operator for the full RG equations is also constructed.
description: 40 pages, 12 figures version2: small corrections, extra references, final appendix rewritten, version3: some corrections to perturbative calculations
The two-parameter Poisson--Dirichlet point process
Creators: name: Handa, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The two-parameter Poisson--Dirichlet distribution is a probability distribution on the totality of positive decreasing sequences with sum 1 and hence considered to govern masses of a random discrete distribution. A characterization of the associated point process (that is, the random point process obtained by regarding the masses as points in the positive real line) is given in terms of the correlation functions. Using this, we apply the theory of point processes to reveal the mathematical structure of the two-parameter Poisson--Dirichlet distribution. Also, developing the Laplace transform approach due to Pitman and Yor, we are able to extend several results previously known for the one-parameter case. The Markov--Krein identity for the generalized Dirichlet process is discussed from the point of view of functional analysis based on the two-parameter Poisson--Dirichlet distribution.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/08-BEJ180 the Bernoulli (http://isi.cbs.nl/bernoulli/) by the International Statistical Institute/Bernoulli Society (http://isi.cbs.nl/BS/bshome.htm)
A Simplification of Combinatorial Link Floer Homology
Creators: name: Beliakova, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R58, 57M27

description: We define a new combinatorial complex computing the hat version of link Floer homology over Z/2Z, which turns out to be significantly smaller than the Manolescu-Ozsvath-Sarkar one.
description: 20 pages with figures, final version printed in JKTR, v.3 of Oberwolfach Proceedings
Determining full conditional independence by low-order conditioning
Creators: name: Malouche, Dhafer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A concentration graph associated with a random vector is an undirected graph where each vertex corresponds to one random variable in the vector. The absence of an edge between any pair of vertices (or variables) is equivalent to full conditional independence between these two variables given all the other variables. In the multivariate Gaussian case, the absence of an edge corresponds to a zero coefficient in the precision matrix, which is the inverse of the covariance matrix. It is well known that this concentration graph represents some of the conditional independencies in the distribution of the associated random vector. These conditional independencies correspond to the "separations" or absence of edges in that graph. In this paper we assume that there are no other independencies present in the probability distribution than those represented by the graph. This property is called the perfect Markovianity of the probability distribution with respect to the associated concentration graph. We prove in this paper that this particular concentration graph, the one associated with a perfect Markov distribution, can be determined by only conditioning on a limited number of variables. We demonstrate that this number is equal to the maximum size of the minimal separators in the concentration graph.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/09-BEJ193 the Bernoulli (http://isi.cbs.nl/bernoulli/) by the International Statistical Institute/Bernoulli Society (http://isi.cbs.nl/BS/bshome.htm)
Constants of Geodesic Motion in Higher-Dimensional Black-Hole Spacetimes
Creators: name: Krtous, Pavel
name: Kubiznak, David
name: Page, Don N.
name: Vasudevan, Muraari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In [arXiv:hep-th/0611083] we announced the complete integrability of geodesic motion in the general higher-dimensional rotating black-hole spacetimes. In the present paper we prove all the necessary steps leading to this conclusion. In particular, we demonstrate the independence of the constants of motion and the fact that they Poisson commute. The relation to a different set of constants of motion constructed in [arXiv:hep-th/0612029] is also briefly discussed.
description: 8 pages, no figures
Real-time AI-based Anomaly Detection and Classification in Modern Power Systems
Creators: name: Baker, Matthew
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: The conventional power grid is transforming into the Modern Power System to meet the electricity demands of the twenty-first century. Distributed Energy Resources and increased communication between nodes in the grid unlock new potential for the Modern Power System, but also new avenues for anomalous behavior including physical faults and cyber attacks. This work addresses these challenges by creating an artificial intelligence framework designed with deep-learning neural-networks to detect anomalies. Training data is collected though a comprehensive digital twin of a power system to safely mimic the system behavior during anomalies. Deep learning techniques, including long short-term memory and graph neural networks, are trained under various schemes to detect anomalies including short circuit faults, false data injection attacks, and line-line faults. These frameworks are combined with threshold detection techniques to optimize for real-time detection while preventing false positives. Finally, case studies support the detection of these faults quickly enough to trigger mitigation techniques and improve the resiliency of the Modern Power System.
Electromagnetic Field in Higher-Dimensional Black-Hole Spacetimes
Creators: name: Krtous, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A special test electromagnetic field in the spacetime of the higher-dimensional generally rotating NUT-(A)dS black hole is found. It is adjusted to the hidden symmetries of the background represented by the principal Killing-Yano tensor. Such electromagnetic field generalizes the field of charged black hole in four dimensions. In higher dimensions, however, the gravitational back reaction of such a field cannot be consistently solved.
description: 8 pages, no figures; presented at the Black hole VI conference in White Point, Canada, May 12-16 2007, and at the GRG18 conference in Sydney, Australia, July 8-13 2007
On group-theoretic models of randomness and genericity
Creators: name: Kapovich, Ilya
name: Schupp, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F

description: We compare the random group model of Gromov and the model of generic groups of Arzhantseva and Ol'shanskii.
description: final version, appeared in: Groups, Geometry and Dynamics 2 (2008), no. 3, pp. 383-404
The Spatial Structure of An Accretion Disk
Creators: name: Poindexter, Shawn
name: Morgan, Nicholas
name: Kochanek, Christopher S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the microlensing variability of the two-image gravitational lens HE1104-1805 observed between 0.4 and 8 microns, we have measured the size and wavelength-dependent structure of the quasar accretion disk. Modeled as a power law in temperature, T proportional to R^-beta, we measure a B-band (0.13 microns in the rest frame) half-light radius of R_{1/2,B} = 6.7 (+6.2 -3.2) x 10^15 cm (68% CL) and a logarithmic slope of beta=0.61 (+0.21 -0.17) for our standard model with a logarithmic prior on the disk size. Both the scale and the slope are consistent with simple thin disk models where beta=3/4 and R_{1/2,B} = 5.9 x 10^15 cm for a Shakura-Sunyaev disk radiating at the Eddington limit with 10% efficiency. The observed fluxes favor a slightly shallower slope, beta=0.55 (+0.03 -0.02), and a significantly smaller size for beta=3/4.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to ApJ
Spectral Efficiency of Spectrum Pooling Systems
Creators: name: Haddad, Majed
name: Hayar, Aawatif Menouni
name: Debbah, Merouane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this contribution, we investigate the idea of using cognitive radio to reuse locally unused spectrum to increase the total system capacity. We consider a multiband/wideband system in which the primary and cognitive users wish to communicate to different receivers, subject to mutual interference and assume that each user knows only his channel and the unused spectrum through adequate sensing. The basic idea under the proposed scheme is based on the notion of spectrum pooling. The idea is quite simple: a cognitive radio will listen to the channel and, if sensed idle, will transmit during the voids. It turns out that, although its simplicity, the proposed scheme showed very interesting features with respect to the spectral efficiency and the maximum number of possible pairwise cognitive communications. We impose the constraint that users successively transmit over available bands through selfish water filling. For the first time, our study has quantified the asymptotic (with respect to the band) achievable gain of using spectrum pooling in terms of spectral efficiency compared to classical radio systems. We then derive the total spectral efficiency as well as the maximum number of possible pairwise communications of such a spectrum pooling system.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
Higgs Physics as a Window Beyond the MSSM (BMSSM)
Creators: name: Dine, Michael
name: Seiberg, Nathan
name: Thomas, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We interpret the current experimental limit on the lightest Higgs boson mass to suggest that if nature is supersymmetric, there are additional interactions beyond those of the MSSM coming from new degrees of freedom around the TeV scale. Within an effective field theory analysis, the leading order corrections to the MSSM are described in terms of only two operators. This provides a highly constrained description of Beyond MSSM (BMSSM) physics. The scalar Higgs spectrum as well as the chargino and neutralino spectrum and couplings are modified in a distinctive way. These operators can be generated by a variety of microscopic mechanisms.
description: LaTex, 28 pages
Vorwort
Creators: name: Bonwetsch, Bernd
name: Grebing, Helga
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Vorwort" of MTS 16 (1995).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 16 (1995): Forschungen zur Arbeiterschaft und Arbeiterbewegung in Rußland
Fighting to Remember: Race, Gender, and Patriotism in Memories of American Labor Conflicts, 1886-1919
Creators: name: Shearer, Dylan M.
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: “Fighting To Remember” traces the development of pro- and anti-labor memories between 1886 and 1919. It looks at how business interests and the state acted together to shape recollections of labor conflicts in ways that denigrated workers by describing union activity as un-American and feminine. This dissertation also examines the organized workers and their supporters who constructed their own histories of these events. These pro-labor commemorations criticized business owners and the state for acting in a manner antithetical to the founding principles of the United States. Starting with the Haymarket Affair and moving forward to the Homestead Strike, the Colorado Labor Wars, the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire, and finally the Centralia Massacre, this dissertation traces how the state built its capacity to create and influence memory construction throughout the United States.
This work examines the individuals and organizations involved in the creation of these memories, showing how personal experiences and beliefs can influence the formation of collective remembrances. It shows that understandings of gender, race, and patriotism played outsized roles in the histories of these labor conflicts. The dissertation provides one of the first historical analyses of how conceptions of gender performance, immigration status, and labor politics played a role in the creation of collective memories in the post-Reconstruction, pre-World War I period in the United States.
Neue Quellen zur Geschichte der Arbeiterklasse und der revolutionären Bewegung in Rußland in den Beständen des Staatsarchivs der Russischen Föderation
Creators: name: Dodonov, Boris F.
name: Pavlovna, Tat'jana F.
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Neue Quellen zur Geschichte der Arbeiterklasse und der revolutionären Bewegung in Rußland in den Beständen des Staatsarchivs der Russischen Föderation" of MTS 16 (1995).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 16 (1995): Forschungen zur Arbeiterschaft und Arbeiterbewegung in Rußland
VMAF-based Bitrate Ladder Estimation for Adaptive Streaming
Creators: name: Katsenou, Angeliki V.
name: Zhang, Fan
name: Swanson, Kyle
name: Afonso, Mariana
name: Sole, Joel
name: Bull, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In HTTP Adaptive Streaming, video content is conventionally encoded by adapting its spatial resolution and quantization level to best match the prevailing network state and display characteristics. It is well known that the traditional solution, of using a fixed bitrate ladder, does not result in the highest quality of experience for the user. Hence, in this paper, we consider a content-driven approach for estimating the bitrate ladder, based on spatio-temporal features extracted from the uncompressed content. The method implements a content-driven interpolation. It uses the extracted features to train a machine learning model to infer the curvature points of the Rate-VMAF curves in order to guide a set of initial encodings. We employ the VMAF quality metric as a means of perceptually conditioning the estimation. When compared to exhaustive encoding that produces the reference ladder, the estimated ladder is composed by 74.3% of identical Rate-VMAF points with the reference ladder. The proposed method offers a significant reduction of the number of encodes required, 77.4%, at a small average Bjøntegaard Delta Rate cost, 1.12%.
Der spanische Sozialismus in der Restaurationszeit (1879 - 1923): Ein historiographischer Überblick
Creators: name: Fesefeldt, Henrike
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Der spanische Sozialismus in der Restaurationszeit (1879 - 1923): Ein historiographischer Überblick" of MTS 17 (1996).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 17 (1996): Forschungen zur Arbeiterschaft und Arbeiterbewegung in Spanien
Diameters in preferential attachment models
Creators: name: Dommers, Sander
name: van der Hofstad, Remco
name: Hooghiemstra, Gerard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we investigate the diameter in preferential attachment (PA-) models, thus quantifying the statement that these models are small worlds. The models studied here are such that edges are attached to older vertices proportional to the degree plus a constant, i.e., we consider affine PA-models. There is a substantial amount of literature proving that, quite generally, PA-graphs possess power-law degree sequences with a power-law exponent τ>2. We prove that the diameter of the PA-model is bounded above by a constant times \log{t}, where t is the size of the graph. When the power-law exponent τexceeds 3, then we prove that \log{t} is the right order, by proving a lower bound of this order, both for the diameter as well as for the typical distance. This shows that, for τ>3, distances are of the order \log{t}. For τ\in (2,3), we improve the upper bound to a constant times \log\log{t}, and prove a lower bound of the same order for the diameter. Unfortunately, this proof does not extend to typical distances. These results do show that the diameter is of order \log\log{t}. These bounds partially prove predictions by physicists that the typical distance in PA-graphs are similar to the ones in other scale-free random graphs, such as the configuration model and various inhomogeneous random graph models, where typical distances have been shown to be of order \log\log{t} when τ\in (2,3), and of order \log{t} when τ>3.
Die nordnorwegische Arbeiterbewegung zwischen Region und Nation: Über die regionale Dimension in einer Untersuchung zur Arbeiterbewegung
Creators: name: Drivenes, Einar-Arne
name: Tjelmeland, Hallvard
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Die nordnorwegische Arbeiterbewegung zwischen Region und Nation: Über die regionale Dimension in einer Untersuchung zur Arbeiterbewegung" of MTS 19 (1997).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 19 (1997): Forschungen zur Arbeiterschaft und Arbeiterbewegung in Norwegen
Europäische Dimensionen des Strukturwandels im Ruhrgebiet zwischen Kohle- und Stahlkrisen
Creators: name: Bührer, Werner
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Europäische Dimensionen des Strukturwandels im Ruhrgebiet zwischen Kohle- und Stahlkrisen" of MTS 30 (2003).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 30 (2003): Strukturwandel aus vergleichender regionaler Perspektive nach 1945
Spectroscopic Analysis of H I Absorption Line Systems in 40 HIRES Quasars
Creators: name: Misawa, T.
name: Tytler, D.
name: Iye, M.
name: Kirkman, D.
name: Suzuki, N.
name: Lubin, D.
name: Kashikawa, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We list and analyze H I absorption lines at redshifts 2 < z < 4 with column density (12 < log(N_HI) < 19) in 40 high-resolutional (FWHM = 8.0 km/s) quasar spectra obtained with the Keck+HIRES. We de-blend and fit all H I lines within 1,000 km/s of 86 strong H I lines whose column densities are log(N_HI/[cm^-2]) > 15. Unlike most prior studies, we use not only Lya but also all visible higher Lyman series lines to improve the fitting accuracy. This reveals components near to higher column density systems that can not be seen in Lya. We list the Voigt profile fits to the 1339 H I components that we found. We examined physical properties of H I lines after separating them into several sub-samples according to their velocity separation from the quasars, their redshift, column density and the S/N ratio of the spectrum. We found two interesting trends for lines with 12 < log(N_HI) < 15 which are within 200-1000 km/s of systems with log(N_HI) > 15. First, their column density distribution becomes steeper, meaning relatively fewer high column density lines, at z < 2.9. Second, their column density distribution also becomes steeper and their line width becomes broader by about 2-3 km/s when they are within 5,000 km/s of their quasar.
description: 32 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal. A complete version with all tables and figures is available at http://www.astro.psu.edu/users/misawa/pub/Paper/40hires.ps.gz
Programming of Energy Storage System in an Island Microgrid with Photovoltaic and Fuel Cell
Creators: name: Hossein KHORRAMDEL, Benyamin KHORRAMDEL
Publisher: name: Walailak University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Energy storage system, microgrid, PV/Battery, renewable energy

description: 4, 12, Walailak Journal of Science and Technology
Quantum Interference and Superposition in Cognition: Development of a Theory for the Disjunction of Concepts
Creators: name: Aerts, Diederik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We elaborate a theory for the modeling of concepts using the mathematical structure of quantum mechanics. Concepts are represented by vectors in the complex Hilbert space of quantum mechanics and membership weights of items are modeled by quantum weights calculated following the quantum rules. We apply this theory to model the disjunction of concepts and show that experimental data of membership weights of items with respect to the disjunction of concepts can be modeled accurately. It is the quantum effects of interference and superposition, combined with an effect of context, that are at the origin of the effects of overextension and underextension observed as deviations from a classical use of the disjunction. We put forward a graphical explanation of the effects of overextension and underextension by interpreting the quantum model applied to the modeling of the disjunction of concepts.
description: 43 pages, 3 figures
Molecular Alterations in the Peri-Implantitis Junctional Epithelium
Creators: name: Karateew, Edward Dwayne
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: Peri-implantitis is a biofilm-mediated inflammatory reaction that is characterized by bleeding on probing and/or suppuration with progressive loss of supporting bone beyond the initial biological remodeling that occurs during the healing period (Zitzmann & Berglundh, 2008). In the 2014 American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) Report on peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, it was reported that the prevalence of peri-implantitis to be as high as 36.6% (American Academy of Periodontology Academy Report, 2013). A systematic review of the literature from 2011-2014 identified the prevalence of peri-implantitis to range from 10 to 40% (Charalampakis et al., 2014). With over five (5) million dental implants placed annually in the United States, and the knowledge that the incidence of peri-implantitis increases with increasing age of the implant, clarification of the genetic profile of the peri-implant lesion is necessary (American Academy of Implant Dentistry 2006; Roos-Jansaker, 2007).
The peri-implant soft tissue is composed of a keratinized oral epithelium, a sulcular epithelium, a junctional epithelium and a connective tissue attachment (Ivanovski & Lee, 2017). The focus of this project is the junctional or barrier epithelium. This is a component of the attachment apparatus and has been shown to begin forming after 1-2 weeks of wound healing and reaches maturity at 6-8 weeks (Berglundh et al., 2007). The integrity of this epithelial attachment allows for and maintains osteointegration. In peri-implantitis, this epithelial attachment is impaired (Klinge et al., 2006). In this study we compared the molecular profile of the junctional epithelium in peri-implantitis with that of the healthy implant. Our goal is to improve the understanding of peri-implantitis at the molecular and genetic levels in order to ultimately enhance this field of study.
title: Field Investigation of an Active Landslide In Kentucky: A Framework to Correlate Electrical Data and Shear Strength
Creators: name: Crawford, Matt
name: Bryson, Lindsey
Publisher: name: Kentucky Geological Survey, University of Kentucky
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: FOS: Natural sciences

description: Abstract:
Landslide hazard assessments are best accomplished by a multidisciplinary approach that connects geologic processes with geotechnical behavior. Tools to accomplish this in the field include geologic characterization, hydrologic monitoring, and geophysical surveys, and in the laboratory, soil-strength testing. Volumetric water content, soil-water potential (suction), local rainfall, and in situ electrical conductivity were measured at a shallow colluvial landslide in Kentucky. Surface electrical-resistivity surveys were also conducted to support interpretations of depth to failure, lithologic differences, and changes in moisture content over time. Correlations of hydrologic data with electrical measurements and shear strength indicate that observed changes in the degree of saturation and soil-water potential for colluvial soils can be detected from inverted electrical-resistivity survey data. Subsurface electrical measurements, which are functions of moisture content and water potential, can be used to determine shear strength. Long-term observation data were used to develop a technical framework to assess landslide hazard and slope stability.
description: Series XIII, Report of Investigations 1
Meta-Stable Dynamical Supersymmetry Breaking Near Points of Enhanced Symmetry
Creators: name: Essig, Rouven
name: Sinha, Kuver
name: Torroba, Gonzalo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that metastable supersymmetry breaking is generic near certain enhanced symmetry points of gauge theory moduli spaces. Our model consists of two sectors coupled by a singlet and combines dynamical supersymmetry breaking with an O'Raifeartaigh mechanism in terms of confined variables. All relevant mass parameters, including the supersymmetry breaking scale, are generated dynamically. The metastable vacua appear as a result of a balance between non-perturbative and perturbative quantum effects along a pseudo-runaway direction.
description: 27 pages, harvmac, 6 figures
Improved quality tests of R11410-21 photomultiplier tubes for the XENONnT experiment
Creators: name: Antochi, V. C.
name: Baudis, L.
name: Bollig, J.
name: Brown, A.
name: Budnik, R.
name: Cichon, D.
name: Conrad, J.
name: Ferella, A. D.
name: Galloway, M.
name: Hoetzsch, L.
name: Kazama, S.
name: Koltman, G.
name: Landsman, H.
name: Lindner, M.
name: Mahlstedt, J.
name: Undagoitia, T. Marrodán
name: Pelssers, B.
name: Volta, G.
name: Wack, O.
name: Wulf, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) are often used in low-background particle physics experiments, which rely on an excellent response to single-photon signals and stable long-term operation. In particular, the Hamamatsu R11410 model is the light sensor of choice for liquid xenon dark matter experiments, including XENONnT. The same PMT model was also used for the predecessor, XENON1T, where issues affecting its long-term operation were observed. Here, we report on an improved PMT testing procedure which ensures optimal performance in XENONnT. Using both new and upgraded facilities, we tested 368 new PMTs in a cryogenic xenon environment. We developed new tests targeted at the detection of light emission and the degradation of the PMT vacuum through small leaks, which can lead to spurious signals known as afterpulses, both of which were observed in XENON1T. We exclude the use of 26 of the 368 tested PMTs and categorise the remainder according to their performance. Given that we have improved the testing procedure, yet we rejected fewer PMTs, we expect significantly better PMT performance in XENONnT.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures
Isolation of Antiproliferative Natural Products from Cyanobacteria
Creators: name: Conger, John
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: Cyanobacteria are Gram-negative photosynthetic bacteria with diverse biosynthetic
pathways that produce secondary metabolites with unique chemical scaffolds and biological
activities. In this work, we describe the usage of high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS),
nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and bioassay-guided isolation techniques to purify and
identify novel metabolites from cultured cyanobacteria Oscillatoria sp. UIC 11063 and Nostoc
sp. UIC 11044. We report the dereplication of nostopeptolide A1/A2, a known cyclic
depsipeptide, from Nostoc sp. UIC 11044. We also describe the dereplication of calothrixin B
and the isolation of N-methyl-calothrixin B, a novel natural product from cyanobacterium
Oscillatoria sp. UIC 11063. N-methyl-calothrixin B and calothrixin B were isolated via reverse-phase semi-preparative HPLC and structures were elucidated using HRMS and 1D/2D NMR.
These compounds were additionally evaluated for their anti-proliferative activities in human
ovarian cancer (OVCAR3) and human melanoma cancer cell (MDA-MB-435) lines, where
calothrixin B showed significant anti-proliferative activity.
The LISA Gravitational Wave Foreground: A Study of Double White Dwarfs
Creators: name: Ruiter, A. J.
name: Belczynski, K.
name: Benacquista, M.
name: Larson, S. L.
name: Williams, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Double white dwarfs are expected to be a source of confusion-limited noise for the future gravitational wave observatory LISA. In a specific frequency range, this 'foreground noise' is predicted to rise above the instrumental noise and hinder the detection of other types of signals, e.g., gravitational waves arising from stellar mass objects inspiraling into massive black holes. In many previous studies only detached populations of compact object binaries have been considered in estimating the LISA gravitational wave foreground signal. Here, we investigate the influence of compact object detached and Roche-Lobe Overflow Galactic binaries on the shape and strength of the LISA signal. Since >99% of remnant binaries which have orbital periods within the LISA sensitivity range are white dwarf binaries, we consider only these binaries when calculating the LISA signal. We find that the contribution of RLOF binaries to the foreground noise is negligible at low frequencies, but becomes significant at higher frequencies, pushing the frequency at which the foreground noise drops below the instrumental noise to >6 mHz. We find that it is important to consider the population of mass transferring binaries in order to obtain an accurate assessment of the foreground noise on the LISA data stream. However, we estimate that there still exists a sizeable number (~11300) of Galactic double white dwarf binaries which will have a signal-to-noise ratio >5, and thus will be potentially resolvable with LISA. We present the LISA gravitational wave signal from the Galactic population of white dwarf binaries, show the most important formation channels contributing to the LISA disc and bulge populations and discuss the implications of these new findings.
description: ApJ accepted. 28 pages, 11 figures (low resolution), 5 tables, some new references and changed content since last astro-ph version
Invariant weighted algebras $L_p^w(G)$
Creators: name: Kuznetsova, Yulia N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 43A10 (Primary) 43A15 (Secondary)

description: The paper deals with weighted spaces $L_p^w(G)$ on a locally compact group G. If w is a positive measurable function on G then we define the space $L_p^w(G)$, $p\ge1$, as $L_p^w(G)=\{f:fw\in L_p(G)\}$. We consider weights such that these weighted spaces are algebras with respect to usual convolution. It is shown that for p>1 such weights exists on any sigma-compact group. We prove also a criterion known earlier in special cases: $L_1^w(G)$ is an algebra if and only if w is submultiplicative. It is proved that invariant algebras $L_p^w(G)$, $p>1$, have approximate units of standard form, but this may not be true for a non-invariant algebra.
description: Submitted to Mat. Zametki. 12 pages