cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Causal coupling inference from multivariate time series based on ordinal partition transition networks
Creators: name: Subramaniyam, Narayan Puthanmadam
name: Donner, Reik V.
name: Caron, Davide
name: Panuccio, Gabriella
name: Hyttinen, Jari
Publisher: name: Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Causality
subject: Information theory
subject: Nonlinear time series analysis
subject: Ordinal patterns
subject: Transition networks
subject: 510

description: Identifying causal relationships is a challenging yet crucial problem in many fields of science like epidemiology, climatology, ecology, genomics, economics and neuroscience, to mention only a few. Recent studies have demonstrated that ordinal partition transition networks (OPTNs) allow inferring the coupling direction between two dynamical systems. In this work, we generalize this concept to the study of the interactions among multiple dynamical systems and we propose a new method to detect causality in multivariate observational data. By applying this method to numerical simulations of coupled linear stochastic processes as well as two examples of interacting nonlinear dynamical systems (coupled Lorenz systems and a network of neural mass models), we demonstrate that our approach can reliably identify the direction of interactions and the associated coupling delays. Finally, we study real-world observational microelectrode array electrophysiology data from rodent brain slices to identify the causal coupling structures underlying epileptiform activity. Our results, both from simulations and real-world data, suggest that OPTNs can provide a complementary and robust approach to infer causal effect networks from multivariate observational data.
Reconciling radio relic observations and simulations: The NVSS sample
Creators: name: Gelszinnis, Jakob
name: Hoeft, Matthias
name: Nuza, Sebastián E.
Publisher: name: Trieste : SISSA
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Angular sizes
subject: Diffusive shock accelerations
subject: Driving mechanism
subject: Intrinsic bias
subject: Surface brightness
subject: Surveys
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 530

description: The diffusive shock acceleration scenario is usually invoked to explain radio relics, although the detailed driving mechanism is still a matter of debate. Our aim is to constrain models for the origin of radio relics by comparing observed relic samples with simulated ones. Here we present a framework to homogeneously extract the whole sample of known radio relics from NVSS so that it can be used for comparison with cosmological simulations. In this way, we can better handle intrinsic biases in the analysis of the radio relic population. In addition, we show some properties of the resulting NVSS sample relics such as the correlation between relic shape and orientation with respect to the cluster. Also, we briefly discuss the typical relic surface brightness and its relation to projected cluster distance and relic angular sizes.
Reduvius
Creators: name: Weirauch, Christiane
name: Russell, Kaleigh
name: Hwang, Wei Song
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Reduviidae
Reduvius

description: Key to the species of Reduvius in the Western Nearctic
(modified from Wygodzinsky and Usinger 1964). Morphological features are illustrated in Figs. 1–6 (habitus images and morphological details).
1 Total length in both sexes about 17 mm, coloration dark brown (Fig. 3); medial process of pygophore square and truncate (Fig. 5); aedeagus without projections on the basal plate extension (Fig. 6)........................... R. personatus (Linné)
- Total length in both sexes 14 mm or less, coloration mostly light brown to pale yellowish, with brown or dark markings (Figs. 1, 3); medial process of pygophore either with broad base and divergent, lateral rami or with narrow base and apical triangular rami (Fig. 5); aedeagus with more (R. frommeri, n. sp., R. senilis, and R. vanduzeei) or less (R. sonoraensis) distinct projections on the basal plate extensions (Fig. 6).................................................................. 2
2 Body uniformly pale yellowish, with head, scape, and labium dark brown to sometimes almost black, contrasting with pale coloration of pronotum (Fig. 1); medial process of pygophore with narrow base and apical triangular rami (Fig. 5).............................................................................................. R. frommeri, n. sp.
- Body light brown, with darker markings on hemelytra, head and pronotum of the same color, not contrasting (Fig. 3); medial process of pygophore with broad, low base and divergent, lateral rami (Fig. 5)..................................... 3
3 Eye barely reaching ventral margin of head (seen in lateral view) and dorsally not reaching the level of the ocellus (Fig. 4; R. sonoraensis, grey arrow); scutellar process short (Fig. 3; R. sonoraensis)....................... R. sonoraensis Usinger
- Eye surpassing the ventral margin of the head (seen in lateral view) and dorsally reaching to about the level of the ocellus (Fig. 4; R. senilis and R. vanduzeei, black arrow); scutellar process long (Fig. 3)........................................ 4
4 Total length in both sexes 13–14mm (Fig. 3; R. vanduzeei); aedeagus with basal plate projections tapering apically (Fig. 6; R. vanduzeei)............................................................. R. vanduzeei Wygodzinsky and Usinger
- Total length in both sexes about 10–11mm (Fig. 3; R. senilis); aedeagus with basal plate projections broadly rounded (Fig. 6; R. senilis)............................................................................... R. senilis Van Duzee
description: Published as part of Weirauch, Christiane, Russell, Kaleigh & Hwang, Wei Song, 2015, Reduvius frommeri, a new species of Reduviidae from the Western United States (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), with a synopsis of the Nearctic species of Reduvius Fabricius, pp. 267-279 in Zootaxa 3972 (2) on page 269, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3972.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/239534
Climate change, agriculture, and economic development in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Yalew, A.W.
name: Hirte, G.
name: Lotze-Campen, H.
name: Tscharaktschiew, S.
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agriculture
subject: CGE model
subject: Climate change
subject: Ethiopia
subject: Migration
subject: Structural change
subject: 300

description: Quantifying the economic effects of climate change is a crucial step for planning adaptation in developing countries. This study assesses the economy-wide and regional effects of climate change-induced productivity and labor supply shocks in Ethiopian agriculture. We pursue a structural approach that blends biophysical and economic models. We consider different crop yield projections and add a regionalization to the country-wide CGE results. The study shows, in the worst case scenario, the effects on country-wide GDP may add up to -8%. The effects on regional value-added GDP are uneven and range from -10% to +2.5%. However, plausible cost-free exogenous structural change scenarios in labor skills and marketing margins may offset about 20-30% of these general equilibrium effects. As such, the ongoing structural transformation in the country may underpin the resilience of the economy to climate change. This can be regarded as a co-benefit of structural change in the country. Nevertheless, given the role of the sector in the current economic structure and the potency of the projected biophysical impacts, adaptation in agriculture is imperative. Otherwise, climate change may make rural livelihoods unpredictable and strain the country's economic progress.
Local ultra-densification of single-walled carbon nanotube films: modeling and experiment
Creators: name: Grebenko, Artem K.
name: Drozdov, Grigorii
name: Gladush, Yuriy G.
name: Ostanin, Igor
name: Zhukov, Sergey S.
name: Melentyev, Aleksandr V.
name: Khabushev, Eldar M.
name: Tsapenko, Alexey P.
name: Krasnikov, Dmitry V.
name: Afinogenov, Boris
name: Temiryazev, Alexei G.
name: Dremov, Viacheslav V.
name: Dumitricã, Traian
name: Li, Mengjun
name: Hijazi, Hussein
name: Podzorov, Vitaly
name: Feldman, Leonard C.
name: Nasibulin, Albert G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fabrication of nanostructured metasurfaces poses a significant technological and fundamental challenge. Despite developing novel systems that support reversible elongation and distortion, their nanoscale patterning and control of optical properties remain an open problem. Herein we report the atomic force microscope lithography (AFML) application for nanoscale patterning of single-walled carbon nanotube films and the associated reflection coefficient tuning. We present models of bundling reorganization, formed-pattern stability, and energy distribution describing mechanical behavior with mesoscopic distinct element method (MDEM). All observed and calculated phenomena support each other and present a platform for developing AFML patterned optical devices using meshy nanostructured matter.
Sim4Rdm Final Short Report
Creators: name: Nordling, Josefine
name: Bouianov, Marina
name: Hanganu, Gabriel
name: Persson, Ida
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: RDM SIM4RDM case studies case study

description: A short description of research data management practices within three different universities in Europe (case study) and a image of a self-assessment tool developed within the EU 7th Framework Programme project SIM4RDM, or "Support Infrastructure Models for Research Data Management".
New tests of dark sector interactions from the full-shape galaxy power spectrum
Creators: name: Nunes, Rafael C
name: Vagnozzi, Sunny
name: Kumar, Suresh
name: Di Valentino, Eleonora
name: Mena, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the role of redshift-space galaxy clustering data in constraining non-gravitational interactions between dark energy (DE) and dark matter (DM), for which state-of-the-art limits have so far been obtained from late-time background measurements. We use the joint likelihood for pre-reconstruction full-shape (FS) galaxy power spectrum and post-reconstruction Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) measurements from the BOSS DR12 sample, alongside Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data from \textit{Planck}: from this dataset combination we infer $H_0=68.02^{+0.49}_{-0.60}\,{\rm km}/{\rm s}/{\rm Mpc}$ and the 2$σ$ lower limit $ξ>-0.12$, among the strongest limits ever reported on the DM-DE coupling strength $ξ$ for the particular model considered. Contrary to what has been observed for the $Λ$CDM model and simple extensions thereof, we find that the CMB+FS combination returns tighter constraints compared to the CMB+BAO one, suggesting that there is valuable additional information contained in the broadband of the power spectrum. We test this finding by running additional CMB-free analyses and removing sound horizon information, and discuss the important role of the equality scale in setting constraints on DM-DE interactions. Our results reinforce the critical role played by redshift-space galaxy clustering measurements in the epoch of precision cosmology, particularly in relation to tests of non-minimal dark sector extensions of the $Λ$CDM model.
description: 18 Pages, 4 Figures, 2 Tables. Matches the version published in PRD
"Das Ganze Ist Mehr Als Die Summe Seiner Teile" - Forschungsinformationssysteme: Monolithisch Oder Modular?
Creators: name: Herwig, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Forschungsinformationen
FIS
Forschungsinformationssysteme
Informationsmanagement

description: Hochschulen und Forschungseinrichtungen gehen ganz unterschiedliche Wege, um Informationen für die Forschungsberichterstattungen zu sammeln, nachzuhalten und bereitzustellen. So ergeben sich ganz unterschiedliche Konstellationen, wie Forschungsinformationssysteme als Werkzeugkasten zur Unterstützung von Berichtsaufgaben und der Forschung realisiert werden. Im Rahmen des Vortrags werden diese verschiedenen Ausprägungsformen von Forschungsinformationen aus einer vielmehr theoretischen Sicht diskutiert.
Universal logarithmic correction to Rényi (Shannon) entropy in generic systems of critical quadratic fermions
Creators: name: Tarighi, Babak
name: Khasseh, Reyhaneh
name: Najafi, M. N.
name: Rajabpour, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Rényi (Shannon) entropy, i.e. $Re_α(Sh)$, of the ground state of quantum systems in local bases normally show a volume-law behavior. For a subsystem of quantum chains at critical point there is an extra logarithmic subleading term with a coefficient which is universal. In this paper we study this coefficient for generic time-reversal translational invariant quadratic critical free fermions. These models can be parameterized by a complex function which has zeros on the unit circle. When the zeros on the unit circle do not have degeneracy and there is no zero outside of the unit circle we are able to classify the coefficient of the logarithm. In particular, we numerically calculate the Rényi (Shannon) entropy in configuration basis for wide variety of these models and show that there are two distinct classes. For systems with $U(1)$ symmetry the coefficient is proportional to the central charge, i.e. one half of the number of points that one can linearize the dispersion relation of the system; for all the values of $α$ with transition point at $α=4$. For systems without this symmetry, when $α>1$ this coefficient is again proportional to the central charge. However, the coefficient for $α\leq 1$ is a new universal number. Finally, by using the discrete version of Bisognano-Wichmann modular Hamiltonian of the Ising chain we show that these coefficients are universal and dependent on the underlying CFT.
description: v2: 16 pages, 10 figures published version
title: Explaining the creation of the EU Banking Union
title: the interplay between interests and ideas
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Schäfer, David
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: J Political Science
subject: JZ International relations

description: How do we explain the outcome of the EU banking union negotiations? Still in 2011, a majority of governments opposed the banking union. They suddenly reversed policies and agreed the creation of a joint supervisor at the Euro Summit in June 2012. This thesis invokes liberal intergovernmentalism to explain the creation of the banking union. Yet, the negotiations pose two major puzzles. First, no clear predictions can be derived from liberal intergovernmentalism for the preferences of arguably the most powerful member state: the German government. Interest groups were divided, public opinion contradictory, and macro-economic preferences unclear. With no clearly most powerful interest, more than one policy was a rational course of action (Folk theorem). To solve this puzzle, the thesis argues that worldviews based on the principles of Ordnungspolitik influenced German policy-makers. In the absence of a unique equilibrium, these worldviews tipped the scale towards a policy of realigning control and liability. The outcome of the interstate negotiations poses the second puzzle for liberal intergovernmentalism. Its power-based theory of interstate bargaining cannot account for German concessions on several issues. Drawing on an account of rhetorical action, the thesis argues that a coalition of Southern European countries used the collectively stated goal to ‘break the vicious circle between banks and sovereigns’ to prove German preferences as unsuitable for achieving this goal. While exposing the weaknesses of the German government’s policy responses, the Southern coalition framed their own preferences for risk-sharing as the most effective solution to the problem. The German government was forced to acquiesce in considerably more risk-sharing than it had initially deemed acceptable. The thesis draws on 84 interviews with negotiators from Germany, France, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands and the EU institutions. The analysis provides several generalisable insights into the role of ideas for domestic preferences and interstate negotiations.
Study of Water Productivity of Industrial Hemp under Hot and Dry Conditions in Brandenburg (Germany) in the Year 2018
Creators: name: Drastig, Katrin
name: Flemming, Inken
name: Gusovius, Hans-Jörg
name: Herppich, Werner B.
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Farm management practices
subject: Leaf area index
subject: Plot scale
subject: Rainfall interception
subject: Rainwater productivity
subject: 690

description: Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is a high-yielding multi-purpose crop, but its hydrological functioning is poorly understood. Studies on the interception processes in hemp have been lacking so far. This study contributes to the understanding of the influences of evaporation of intercepted water and other hydrological fluxes within plants of two cultivars, “Santhica 27” and “Ivory”, on the water productivity. To determine water productivity and evaporation from interception, field measurements were conducted on plants of both cultivars at different stages of development. Precipitation (P), throughfall (TF), transpiration (T), and volumetric water content (VWC) were measured along with leaf area index (LAI) and yield of selected plant components. For the entire vegetation period, the cumulative P of 44 mm was converted into 13 mm TF (30%). The inferred evaporation of intercepted water (I) was high at 31 mm (71%). For the assessment water fluxes, the evaporation of intercepted water must be considered in the decision-making process. Besides the LAI, the plant architecture and the meteorological conditions during the cropping cycle seem to be the main factors determining I in the case of plants of both cultivars. Water productivity (WPDM) of the whole plant varied between 3.07 kg m−3 for Ivory and 3.49 for Santhica 27. In the case of bast yield, WPDM was 0.39 kg m-3 for Santhica 27 and 0.45 kg m−3 for Ivory. After the propagation of the uncertainties, the bandwidth of the WPDM of the whole plant was between 0.42 kg m−3 and 2.57 kg m−3. For bast fiber a bandwidth of the WP between 0.06 kg m−3 and 0.33 kg m−3 was calculated. The results show furthermore that even with a precise examination of water productivity, a high bandwidth of local values is revealed on different cultivars. However, generic WP values for fiber crops are not attainable.
Holographic $\mathrm{QCD}_{3}$ and Chern-Simons theory from anisotropic supergravity
Creators: name: Li, Si-wen
name: Luo, Sen-kai
name: Hu, Ya-qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the gauge-gravity duality, we study the three-dimensional QCD ($\mathrm{QCD}_{3}$) and Chern-Simons theory by constructing the anisotropic black D3-brane solution in IIB supergravity. The deformed bulk geometry is obtained by performing a double Wick rotation and dimension reduction which becomes an anisotropic bubble configuration exhibiting confinement in the dual theory. And its anisotropy also reduces to a Chern-Simons term due to the presence of the dissolved D7-branes or the axion field in bulk. Using the bubble geometry, we investigate the the ground-state energy density, quark potential, entanglement entropy and the baryon vertex according to the standard methods in the AdS/CFT dictionary. Our calculation shows that the ground-state energy illustrates degenerate to the Chern-Simons coupling coefficient which is in agreement with the properties of the gauge Chern-Simons theory. The behavior of the quark tension, entanglement entropy and the embedding of the baryon vertex further implies strong anisotropy may destroy the confinement. Afterwards, we additionally introduce various D7-branes as flavor and Chern-Simons branes to include the fundamental matter and effective Chern-Simons level in the dual theory. By counting their orientation, we finally obtain the associated topological phase in the dual theory and the critical mass for the phase transition. Interestingly the formula of the critical mass reveals the flavor symmetry, which may relate to the chiral symmetry, would be restored if the anisotropy increases greatly. As all of the analysis is consistent with characteristics of quark-gluon plasma, we therefore believe our framework provides a remarkable way to understand the features of Chern-Simons theory, the strong coupled nuclear matter and its deconfinement condition with anisotropy.
description: 41pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, fix several typos and add more comments in this version
Socially Compliant Navigation Dataset (SCAND): A Large-Scale Dataset of Demonstrations for Social Navigation
Creators: name: Karnan, Haresh
name: Nair, Anirudh
name: Xiao, Xuesu
name: Warnell, Garrett
name: Pirk, Soeren
name: Toshev, Alexander
name: Hart, Justin
name: Biswas, Joydeep
name: Stone, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Social navigation is the capability of an autonomous agent, such as a robot, to navigate in a 'socially compliant' manner in the presence of other intelligent agents such as humans. With the emergence of autonomously navigating mobile robots in human populated environments (e.g., domestic service robots in homes and restaurants and food delivery robots on public sidewalks), incorporating socially compliant navigation behaviors on these robots becomes critical to ensuring safe and comfortable human robot coexistence. To address this challenge, imitation learning is a promising framework, since it is easier for humans to demonstrate the task of social navigation rather than to formulate reward functions that accurately capture the complex multi objective setting of social navigation. The use of imitation learning and inverse reinforcement learning to social navigation for mobile robots, however, is currently hindered by a lack of large scale datasets that capture socially compliant robot navigation demonstrations in the wild. To fill this gap, we introduce Socially CompliAnt Navigation Dataset (SCAND) a large scale, first person view dataset of socially compliant navigation demonstrations. Our dataset contains 8.7 hours, 138 trajectories, 25 miles of socially compliant, human teleoperated driving demonstrations that comprises multi modal data streams including 3D lidar, joystick commands, odometry, visual and inertial information, collected on two morphologically different mobile robots a Boston Dynamics Spot and a Clearpath Jackal by four different human demonstrators in both indoor and outdoor environments. We additionally perform preliminary analysis and validation through real world robot experiments and show that navigation policies learned by imitation learning on SCAND generate socially compliant behaviors
Peroxynitrous Acid Generated In Situ from Acidified H2O2 and NaNO2. A Suitable Novel Antimicrobial Agent?
Creators: name: Balazinski, Martina
name: Schmidt-Bleker, Ansgar
name: Winter, Jörn
name: Woedtke, Thomas Von
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ames
subject: E. coli
subject: dose-response relationship
subject: peroxynitrite
subject: peroxynitrous acid
subject: 610

description: Peroxynitrite (ONOO−) and peroxynitrous acid (ONOOH) are known as short acting reactive species with nitrating and oxidative properties, which are associated with their antimicrobial effect. However, to the best of our knowledge, ONOOH/ONOO- are not yet used as antimicro-bial actives in practical applications. The aim is to elucidate if ONOOH generated in situ from acidified hydrogen peroxide (H2O2 ) and sodium nitrite (NaNO2 ) may serve as an antimicrobial active in disinfectants. Therefore, the dose-response relationship and mutagenicity are investigated. Antimicrobial efficacy was investigated by suspension tests and mutagenicity by the Ames test. Tests were conducted with E. coli. For investigating the dose-response relationship, pH values and concentrations of H2O2 and NaNO2 were varied. The antimicrobial efficacy is correlated to the dose of ONOOH, which is determined by numerical computations. The relationship can be described by the efficacy parameter W, corresponding to the amount of educts consumed during exposure time. Sufficient inactivation was observed whenever W ≥ 1 mM, yielding a criterion for inactivation of E. coli by acidified H2O2 and NaNO2 . No mutagenicity of ONOOH was noticed. While further investigations are necessary, results indicate that safe and effective usage of ONOOH generated from acidified H2O2 and NaNO2 as a novel active in disinfectants is conceivable. © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Three-Dimensional General-Relativistic Simulations of Neutrino-Driven Winds from Rotating Proto-Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Desai, Dhruv K.
name: Siegel, Daniel M.
name: Metzger, Brian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the effects of rapid rotation on the properties of neutrino-heated winds from proto-neutron stars (PNS) formed in core-collapse supernovae or neutron-star mergers by means of three-dimensional general-relativistic hydrodynamical simulations with M0 neutrino transport. We focus on conditions characteristic of a few seconds into the PNS cooling evolution when the neutrino luminosities obey $L_{ν_e} + L_{\barν_e} \approx 7\times 10^{51}$ erg s$^{-1}$, and over which most of the wind mass-loss will occur. After an initial transient phase, all of our models reach approximately steady-state outflow solutions with positive energies and sonic surfaces captured on the computational grid. Our non-rotating and slower-rotating models (angular velocity relative to Keplerian $Ω/Ω_{\rm K} \lesssim 0.4$; spin period $P \gtrsim 2$ ms) generate approximately spherically symmetric outflows with properties in good agreement with previous PNS wind studies. By contrast, our most rapidly spinning PNS solutions ($Ω/Ω_{\rm K} \gtrsim 0.75$; $P \approx 1$ ms) generate outflows focused in the rotational equatorial plane with much higher mass-loss rates (by over an order of magnitude), lower velocities, lower entropy, and lower asymptotic electron fractions, than otherwise similar non-rotating wind solutions. Although such rapidly spinning PNS are likely rare in nature, their atypical nucleosynthetic composition and outsized mass yields could render them important contributors of light neutron-rich nuclei compared to more common slowly rotating PNS birth. Our calculations pave the way to including the combined effects of rotation and a dynamically-important large-scale magnetic field on the wind properties within a 3D GRMHD framework.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, submitted to ApJ
Knowledge-based Entity Prediction for Improved Machine Perception in Autonomous Systems
Creators: name: Wickramarachchi, Ruwan
name: Henson, Cory
name: Sheth, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knowledge-based entity prediction (KEP) is a novel task that aims to improve machine perception in autonomous systems. KEP leverages relational knowledge from heterogeneous sources in predicting potentially unrecognized entities. In this paper, we provide a formal definition of KEP as a knowledge completion task. Three potential solutions are then introduced, which employ several machine learning and data mining techniques. Finally, the applicability of KEP is demonstrated on two autonomous systems from different domains; namely, autonomous driving and smart manufacturing. We argue that in complex real-world systems, the use of KEP would significantly improve machine perception while pushing the current technology one step closer to achieving full autonomy.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, in IEEE Intelligent Systems, 2022
Sericocoris Karsch 1892
Creators: name: Stals, Riaan
name: Daniel, Gimo M.
name: Deschodt, Christian M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pyrrhocoridae
Sericocoris

description: Genus Sericocoris Karsch, 1892: 132
Type species: Sericocoris acromelanthes Karsch, 1892: 133, by monotypy.
= Hathor Kirkaldy & Edwards, 1902: 168.
Type species: Hathor zoraida Kirkaldy & Edwards, 1902: 168, by monotypy [= Sericocoris acromelanthes Karsch, 1892, subjective synonym].
Generic and specific synonymies by Bergroth (1912: 316).
description: Published as part of Stals, Riaan, Daniel, Gimo M. & Deschodt, Christian M., 2024, Hathoronthophagus, new replacement name for Hathor Deschodt, 2023, preoccupied genus-group name of a putatively myrmecophilic dung beetle (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Onthophagini), pp. 449-450 in Zootaxa 5397 (3) on page 449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5397.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/10468836
Taking models seriously and being a linguistic realist
Creators: name: Arroyo, Raoni Wohnrath
name: da Silva, Gilson Olegario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Carnap's conception of linguistic frameworks is widespread; however, it is not entirely clear nor consensual to pinpoint what is the influence in his stance within the traditional realist/anti-realist debate. In this paper, we place Carnap as a proponent of a scientific realist stance, by presenting what he called "linguistic realism". Some possible criticisms are considered, and a case study is offered with wave function realism, a popular position in the philosophy of quantum mechanics.
description: To appear in Principia, vol. 26, n. 1, 2022: https://periodicos.ufsc.br/index.php/principia/index
Blog | Announcing Peer Review Week 2017: #TransparencyinReview
Creators: name: Meadows Alice
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This year's Peer Review Week - the third annual celebratiaon of peer review and it's central place in scholarly communications - will take place September 11-17. The theme is Transparency in Review and you can find out more, including how to get involved, in today's post!
MRAM-based Analog Sigmoid Function for In-memory Computing
Creators: name: Amin, Md Hasibul
name: Elbtity, Mohammed
name: Mohammadi, Mohammadreza
name: Zand, Ramtin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose an analog implementation of the transcendental activation function leveraging two spin-orbit torque magnetoresistive random-access memory (SOT-MRAM) devices and a CMOS inverter. The proposed analog neuron circuit consumes 1.8-27x less power, and occupies 2.5-4931x smaller area, compared to the state-of-the-art analog and digital implementations. Moreover, the developed neuron can be readily integrated with memristive crossbars without requiring any intermediate signal conversion units. The architecture-level analyses show that a fully-analog in-memory computing (IMC) circuit that use our SOT-MRAM neuron along with an SOT-MRAM based crossbar can achieve more than 1.1x, 12x, and 13.3x reduction in power, latency, and energy, respectively, compared to a mixed-signal implementation with analog memristive crossbars and digital neurons. Finally, through cross-layer analyses, we provide a guide on how varying the device-level parameters in our neuron can affect the accuracy of multilayer perceptron (MLP) for MNIST classification.
description: 6 pages. 6 figures
Rhodamine 6G and 800 intermolecular heteroaggregates embedded in PMMA for near-infrared wavelength shifting
Creators: name: Castillo-Seoane, Javier
name: Gonzalez-Garcia, Lola
name: Obrero-Perez, José M.
name: Aparicio, Francisco J.
name: Borrás, Ana
name: González-Elipe, Agustín R.
name: Barranco, Ángel
name: Sanchez-Valencia, Juan R.
Publisher: name: London [u.a.] : RSC
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agglomeration
subject: Aggregates
subject: Chromophores
subject: Electronic properties
subject: Energy transfer
subject: 540
subject: 530
subject: 620

description: The opto-electronic properties of small-molecules and functional dyes usually differ when incorporated into solid matrices with respect to their isolated form due to an aggregation phenomenon that alters their optical and fluorescent properties. These spectroscopic modifications are studied in the framework of the exciton theory of aggregates, which has been extensively applied in the literature for the study of molecular aggregates of the same type of molecules (homoaggregation). Despite the demonstrated potential of the control of the heteroaggregation process (aggregation of different types of molecules), most of the reported works are devoted to intramolecular aggregates, complex molecules formed by several chromophores attached by organic linkers. The intramolecular aggregates are specifically designed to hold a certain molecular structure that, on the basis of the exciton theory, modifies their optical and fluorescent properties with respect to the isolated chromophores that form the molecule. The present article describes in detail the incorporation of Rhodamine 6G (Rh6G) and 800 (Rh800) into polymeric matrices of poly-(methyl methacrylate), PMMA. The simultaneous incorporation of both dyes results in an enhanced fluorescent emission in the near-infrared (NIR), originating from the formation of ground-state Rh6G–Rh800 intermolecular heteroaggregates. The systematic control of the concentration of both rhodamines provides a model system for the elucidation of the heteroaggregate formation. The efficient energy transfer between Rh6G and Rh800 molecules can be used as wavelength shifters to convert effectively the light from visible to NIR, a very convenient wavelength range for many practical applications which make use of inexpensive commercial detectors and systems.
Triggering a global density wave instability in graphene via local symmetry-breaking
Creators: name: Qu, Amy C.
name: Nigge, Pascal
name: Link, Stefan
name: Levy, Giorgio
name: Michiardi, Matteo
name: Spandar, Parsa L.
name: Matthé, Tiffany
name: Schneider, Michael
name: Zhdanovich, Sergey
name: Starke, Ulrich
name: Gutiérrez, Christopher
name: Damascelli, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional quantum materials offer a robust platform for investigating the emergence of symmetry-broken ordered phases owing to the high tuneability of their electronic properties. For instance, the ability to create new electronic band structures in graphene through moiré superlattices from stacked and twisted structures has led to the discovery of several correlated and topological phases. Here we report an alternative method to induce an incipient symmetry-broken phase in graphene at the millimetre scale. We show that an extremely dilute concentration ($<\!0.3\% $) of surface adatoms can self-assemble and trigger the collapse of the graphene atomic lattice into a distinct Kekulé bond density wave phase, whereby the carbon C-C bond symmetry is broken globally. Using complementary momentum-resolved techniques such as angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), we directly probe the presence of this density wave phase and confirm the opening of an energy gap at the Dirac point. We further show that this Kekulé density wave phase occurs for various Fermi surface sizes and shapes, suggesting that this lattice instability is driven by strong electron-lattice interactions. Our results demonstrate that dilute concentrations of self-assembled adsorbed atoms offer an attractive alternative route towards designing novel quantum phases in two-dimensional materials.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Hathoronthophagus Stals, Daniel & Deschodt
Creators: name: Stals, Riaan
name: Daniel, Gimo M.
name: Deschodt, Christian M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Scarabaeidae
Hathoronthophagus

description: Genus Hathoronthophagus Stals, Daniel & Deschodt, replacement name
http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: FEA50B91-DD24-4CB4-8B85-E86E99413453
= Hathor Deschodt in Deschodt & Sole, 2023: 280 (preoccupied by Hathor Kirkaldy & Edwards, 1902: 168, in Hemiptera).
Type species: Hathor spinosa Deschodt in Deschodt & Sole, 2023: 282, by original designation.
Gender of new replacement name: masculine.
description: Published as part of Stals, Riaan, Daniel, Gimo M. & Deschodt, Christian M., 2024, Hathoronthophagus, new replacement name for Hathor Deschodt, 2023, preoccupied genus-group name of a putatively myrmecophilic dung beetle (Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Onthophagini), pp. 449-450 in Zootaxa 5397 (3) on page 449, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5397.3.10, http://zenodo.org/record/10468836
Enhancement or damping of fast neutrino flavor conversions due to collisions
Creators: name: Hansen, Rasmus S. L.
name: Shalgar, Shashank
name: Tamborra, Irene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast neutrino flavor conversion can occur in core-collapse supernovae or compact binary merger remnants when non-forward collisions are also at play, and neutrinos are not fully decoupled from matter. This work aims to shed light on the conditions under which fast flavor conversion is enhanced or suppressed by collisions. By relying on a neutrino toy model with three angular bins in the absence of spatial inhomogeneities, we consider two angular configurations: The first one with angular distributions of $ν_e$ and $\barν_e$ that are almost isotropic as expected before complete neutrino decoupling and showing little flavor conversion when collisions are absent. The second one with angular distributions of $ν_e$ and $\barν_e$ that are forward peaked as expected in the free-streaming regime and showing significant flavor conversion in the absence of collisions. By including angle-independent, direction-changing collisions, we find that collisions are responsible for an overall enhancement (damping) of flavor conversion in the former (latter) angular configuration. These opposite outcomes are due to the non-trivial interplay between collisions, flavor conversion, and the initial angular distributions of the electron type neutrinos. The enhancement in neutrino flavor conversion is found to be anticorrelated with the magnitude of flavor conversions in the absence of collisions.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, matches published version
Bratislavia Kosel 1976
Creators: name: Gusakov, Vladimir A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Clitellata
Haplotaxida
Naididae
Bratislavia

description: Genus Bratislavia Košel, 1976
Type species. Bratislavia palmeni (Munsterhjelm, 1905).
Diagnosis. See Košel (1976) and Harman & Loden (1978).
description: Published as part of Gusakov, Vladimir A., 2021, A new naidid oligochaete species (Annelida, Clitellata, Naididae) from Vietnam with asexual reproduction by fragmentation, pp. 357-372 in Zootaxa 5082 (4) on page 359, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5082.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/5792809
ORCID License and Use Guidelines
Creators: name: Haak Laurel
name: Pentz, Edward
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This document describes how ORCID-created documents and resources, including our public data file, can be used under a CC0 license.
Signal and noise analysis for chiral structured illumination microscopy
Creators: name: Huang, Shiang-Yu
name: Singh, Ankit Kumar
name: Huang, Jer-Shing
Publisher: name: Washington, DC : Optical Society of America, OSA
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Recently, chiral structured illumination microscopy has been proposed to image fluorescent chiral domains at sub-wavelength resolution. Chiral structured illumination microscopy is based on the combination of structured illumination microscopy, fluorescence-detected circular dichroism, and optical chirality engineering. Since circular dichroism of natural chiral molecules is typically weak, the differential fluorescence is also weak and can be easily buried by the noise, hampering the fidelity of the reconstructed images. In this work, we systematically study the impact of the noise on the quality and resolution of chiral domain images obtained by chiral SIM. We analytically describe the signal-to-noise ratio of the reconstructed chiral SIM image in the Fourier domain and verify our theoretical calculations with numerical demonstrations. Accordingly, we discuss the feasibility of chiral SIM in different experimental scenarios and propose possible strategies to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio for samples with weak circular dichroism.
Interpreting the statistical properties of high-z extragalactic sources detected by the South Pole Telescope survey
Creators: name: Cai, Zhen-Yi
name: Negrello, Mattia
name: De Zotti, Gianfranco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of the recently published spectroscopically complete survey of dusty star-forming galaxies detected by the South Pole Telescope (SPT) over 2500 deg^2 proved to be challenging for galaxy formation models that generally underpredict the observed abundance of high-z galaxies. In this paper we interpret these results in the light of a physically grounded model for the evolution of spheroidal galaxies. The model accurately reproduces the measured redshift distribution of galaxies without any adjustment of the parameters. The data do not support the indications of an excess of z > 4 dusty galaxies reported by some analyses of Herschel surveys.
description: accepted by ApJ
Quantum gravity effects in the infra-red: a theoretical derivation of the low energy fine structure constant and mass ratios of elementary particles
Creators: name: Singh, Tejinder P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recently proposed a pre-quantum, pre-space-time theory as a matrix-valued Lagrangian dynamics on an octonionic space-time. This theory offers the prospect of unifying internal symmetries of the standard model with pre-gravitation. We explain why such a quantum gravitational dynamics is in principle essential even at energies much smaller than Planck scale. The dynamics can also predict the values of free parameters of the low energy standard model: these parameters arising in the Lagrangian are related to the algebra of the octonions which define the underlying non-commutative space-time on which the dynamical degrees of freedom evolve. These free parameters are related to the exceptional Jordan algebra $J_3(8)$ which describes the three fermion generations. We use the octonionic representation of fermions to compute the eigenvalues of the characteristic equation of this algebra, and compare the resulting eigenvalues with known mass ratios for quarks and leptons. We show that the ratios of the eigenvalues correctly reproduce the [square root of the] known mass ratios. In conjunction with the trace dynamics Lagrangian, these eigenvalues also yield a theoretical derivation of the low energy fine structure constant.
description: v2: 67 pages, 11 figures, minor changes in text so as to improve clarity; accepted for publication in `The European Physical Journal Plus'; arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2110.02062
Dynamical phenomena in complex networks: fundamentals and applications
Creators: name: Yanchuk, Serhiy
name: Roque, Antonio C.
name: Macau, Elbert E. N.
name: Kurths, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: dynamical networks
subject: collective dynamics
subject: spreading processes
subject: geodesic distance
subject: 530

description: This special issue presents a series of 33 contributions in the area of dynamical networks and their applications. Part of the contributions is devoted to theoretical and methodological aspects of dynamical networks, such as collective dynamics of excitable systems, spreading processes, coarsening, synchronization, delayed interactions, and others. A particular focus is placed on applications to neuroscience and Earth science, especially functional climate networks. Among the highlights, various methods for dealing with noise and stochastic processes in neuroscience are presented. A method for constructing weighted networks with arbitrary topologies from a single dynamical node with delayed feedback is introduced. Also, a generalization of the concept of geodesic distances, a path-integral formulation of network-based measures is developed, which provides fundamental insights into the dynamics of disease transmission. The contributions from the Earth science application field substantiate predictive power of climate networks to study challenging Earth processes and phenomena.
Blog | The ORCID Open Letter: One Year On
Creators: name: Meadows Alice
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In January 2016, a group of eight associations and publishers led by eLife, PLOS, and The Royal Society, launched an open letter committing their organizations to requiring ORCID iDs for (at a minimum) corresponding authors of accepted papers and inviting other organizations to do the same. One year on, how successful has this initiative been?