cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy-Klassen Model for Development Disparities Analysis based on Gross Regional Domestic Product Sector of a Region
Creators: name: Munandar, Tb. Ai
name: Wardoyo, Retantyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Analysis of regional development imbalances quadrant has a very important meaning in order to see the extent of achievement of the development of certain areas as well as the difference. Factors that could be used as a tool to measure the inequality of development is to look at the average growth and development contribution of each sector of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) based on the analyzed region and the reference region. This study discusses the development of a model to determine the regional development imbalances using fuzzy approach system, and the rules of typology Klassen. The model is then called fuzzy-Klassen. Implications Product Mamdani fuzzy system is used in the model as an inference engine to generate output after defuzzyfication process. Application of MATLAB is used as a tool of analysis in this study. The test a result of Kota Cilegon is shows that there are significant differences between traditional Klassen typology analyses with the results of the model developed. Fuzzy model-Klassen shows GRDP sector inequality Cilegon City is dominated by Quadrant I (K4), where status is the sector forward and grows exponentially. While the traditional Klassen typology, half of GRDP sector is dominated by Quadrant IV (K4) with a sector that is lagging relative status.
description: 6 Pages, 1 Figures, 5 Tables
Optimization and parallelization of B-spline based orbital evaluations in QMC on multi/many-core shared memory processors
Creators: name: Mathuriya, Amrita
name: Luo, Ye
name: Benali, Anouar
name: Shulenburger, Luke
name: Kim, Jeongnim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: B-spline based orbital representations are widely used in Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations of solids, historically taking as much as 50% of the total run time. Random accesses to a large four-dimensional array make it challenging to efficiently utilize caches and wide vector units of modern CPUs. We present node-level optimizations of B-spline evaluations on multi/many-core shared memory processors. To increase SIMD efficiency and bandwidth utilization, we first apply data layout transformation from array-of-structures to structure-of-arrays (SoA). Then by blocking SoA objects, we optimize cache reuse and get sustained throughput for a range of problem sizes. We implement efficient nested threading in B-spline orbital evaluation kernels, paving the way towards enabling strong scaling of QMC simulations. These optimizations are portable on four distinct cache-coherent architectures and result in up to 5.6x performance enhancements on Intel Xeon Phi processor 7250P (KNL), 5.7x on Intel Xeon Phi coprocessor 7120P, 10x on an Intel Xeon processor E5v4 CPU and 9.5x on BlueGene/Q processor. Our nested threading implementation shows nearly ideal parallel efficiency on KNL up to 16 threads. We employ roofline performance analysis to model the impacts of our optimizations. This work combined with our current efforts of optimizing other QMC kernels, result in greater than 4.5x speedup of miniQMC on KNL.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables
Testing Type II Radiative Seesaw Model: from Dark Matter Detection to LHC Signatures
Creators: name: Guo, Shu-Yuan
name: Han, Zhi-Long
name: Liao, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the testability of the type II radiative seesaw in which neutrino mass and dark matter (DM) are related at one-loop level. Under the constraints from DM relic density, direct and indirect detection, and invisible Higgs decays, we find three possible regions of DM mass $M_{s_1}$ that can survive the present and even the future experiments: (1) the Higgs resonance region with $M_{s_1}\sim M_h/2$, (2) the Higgs region with $M_{s_1}\sim M_h$, and (3) the coannihilation region with $M_{s_2}\sim M_{s_1}$. Here $s_{1,2}$ are two scalar singlets with the lighter $s_1$ being the DM candidate. Based on DM properties and direct collider constraints, we choose three benchmark points to illustrate the testability of this model at LHC. We perform a detailed simulation of the four-lepton and tri-lepton signatures at 13 (14) TeV LHC. While both signatures are found to be promising at all benchmark points, the tri-lepton one is even better: it is possible to reach the $5σ$ significance with an integrated luminosity of 100/fb.
description: v1: 27 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables; v2: added a few refs, without other changes
Electron beam test of key elements of the laser-based calibration system for the muon $g$ $-$ $2$ experiment
Creators: name: Anastasi, A.
name: Basti, A.
name: Bedeschi, F.
name: Bartolini, M.
name: Cantatore, G.
name: Cauz, D.
name: Corradi, G.
name: Dabagov, S.
name: DI Sciascio, G.
name: Di Stefano, R.
name: Driutti, A.
name: Escalante, O.
name: Ferrari, C.
name: Fienberg, A. T.
name: Fioretti, A.
name: Gabbanini, C.
name: Gioiosa, A.
name: Hampai, D.
name: Hertzog, D. W.
name: Iacovacci, M.
name: Karuza, M.
name: Kaspar, J.
name: Liedl, A.
name: Lusiani, A.
name: Marignetti, F.
name: Mastroianni, S.
name: Moricciani, D.
name: Pauletta, G.
name: Piacentino, G. M.
name: Raha, N.
name: Rossi, E.
name: Santi, L.
name: Venanzoni, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the test of many of the key elements of the laser-based calibration system for muon g - 2 experiment E989 at Fermilab. The test was performed at the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati's Beam Test Facility using a 450 MeV electron beam impinging on a small subset of the final g - 2 lead-fluoride crystal calorimeter system. The calibration system was configured as planned for the E989 experiment and uses the same type of laser and most of the final optical elements. We show results regarding the calorimeter's response calibration, the maximum equivalent electron energy which can be provided by the laser and the stability of the calibration system components.
description: Submitted to Nuclear Instrument and Methods A
In vitro impact of platinum nanoparticles on inner ear related cell culture models
Creators: name: Berger, Elisabeth
name: Brandes, Gudrun
name: Reifenrath, Janin
name: Lenarz, Thomas
name: Durisin, Martin
name: Wissel, Kirsten
Publisher: name: San Francisco, California, US : PLOS
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Animals
subject: Cell Culture Techniques
subject: Cochlea
subject: Cochlear Implants
subject: Metal Nanoparticles
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: So far, it was supposed that the increase of electrical impedance following cochlear implant (CI) insertion was due to technical defects of the electrode, inflammatory and/or formation of scar tissue along the electrode. However, it was recently reported that corrosion of the platinum electrode contacts may be the reason for high impedances. It could be shown that platinum particles were stripped from the electrode surfaces. Its potential cytotoxic effects within the inner ear remains to be examined. In this study in vitro cell culture models of the mouse organ of Corti cell line (HEI-OC1) and the spiral ganglion (SG) cells derived from the cochleae neonatal rats were used to investigate the effects of the polyvinylpyrrolidone coated platinum nanoparticles (Pt-NPPVP, 3 nm) on cell metabolism, neuronal survival and neurite outgrowth. Our data revealed no decrease of the metabolic activity of the HEI-OC1 cells at Pt-NPPVP concentrations between 50-150 μg/ml. Also, staining with Calcein AM/ EthD demonstrated prevalent presence of vital cells. As shown by transmission electron microscopy no Pt-NPPVP could be found at the cell surface or in the cytosol of the HEI-OC1 cells. Similarly, the SG cells exposed to 20-100 μg/ml Pt-NPPVP did not show any reduced survival rate and neurite outgrowth following staining of the neurofilament antigen even at the highest Pt-NPPVP concentration. Although the SG cells were exposed to Pt-NPPVP for further 72 h and 96 h immunocytochemical staining of the glial cells and fibroblasts presented normal cell morphology and growth independently of the cultivation period. Our data indicates that the used Pt-NPPVP do not trigger the cellular uptake and, thus, presumable do not initiate apoptotic pathways in cells of the organ of Corti cell line or the auditory nerve. The protection mechanisms to the Pt-NPPVP interactions remain to be clarified.
PSDVec: a Toolbox for Incremental and Scalable Word Embedding
Creators: name: Li, Shaohua
name: Zhu, Jun
name: Miao, Chunyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: PSDVec is a Python/Perl toolbox that learns word embeddings, i.e. the mapping of words in a natural language to continuous vectors which encode the semantic/syntactic regularities between the words. PSDVec implements a word embedding learning method based on a weighted low-rank positive semidefinite approximation. To scale up the learning process, we implement a blockwise online learning algorithm to learn the embeddings incrementally. This strategy greatly reduces the learning time of word embeddings on a large vocabulary, and can learn the embeddings of new words without re-learning the whole vocabulary. On 9 word similarity/analogy benchmark sets and 2 Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, PSDVec produces embeddings that has the best average performance among popular word embedding tools. PSDVec provides a new option for NLP practitioners.
description: 12 pages, accepted by Neurocomputing, Software Track on Original Software Publications
Efficient electrical spin readout of NV- centers in diamond
Creators: name: Hrubesch, Florian M.
name: Braunbeck, Georg
name: Stutzmann, Martin
name: Reinhard, Friedemann
name: Brandt, Martin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using pulsed photoionization the coherent spin manipulation and echo formation of ensembles of NV- centers in diamond are detected electrically realizing contrasts of up to 17 %. The underlying spin-dependent ionization dynamics are investigated experimentally and compared to Monte-Carlo simulations. This allows the identification of the conditions optimizing contrast and sensitivity which compare favorably with respect to optical detection.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Chemical Characterisation, Antidiabetic, Antibacterial, and In Silico Studies for Different Extracts of Haloxylon stocksii (Boiss.) Benth: A Promising Halophyte
Creators: name: Rizvi, Syed Nabil Raza
name: Afzal, Samina
name: Khan, Kashif-Ur-Rehman
name: Aati, Hanan Y.
name: Rao, Huma
name: Ghalloo, Bilal Ahmad
name: Shahzad, Muhammad Nadeem
name: Khan, Duraiz Ahmed
name: Esatbeyoglu, Tuba
name: Korma, Sameh A.
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: amylase
subject: chemical composition
subject: enzyme inhibition
subject: glucosidase
subject: Haloxylon stocksii
subject: in silico study
subject: molecular docking
subject: toxicity
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: The objective of the study is to evaluate the chemical characterisation, and biological and in silico potential of Haloxylon stocksii (Boiss.) Benth, an important halophyte commonly used in traditional medicine. The research focuses on the roots and aerial parts of the plant and extracts them using two solvents: methanol and dichloromethane. Chemical characterisation of the extracts was carried out using total phenolic contents quantification, GC-MS analysis, and LC-MS screening. The results exhibited that the aerial parts of the plant have significantly higher total phenolic content than the roots. The GC-MS and LC-MS analysis of the plant extracts revealed the identification of 18 bioactive compounds in each. The biological evaluation was performed using antioxidant, antibacterial, and in vitro antidiabetic assays. The results exhibited that the aerial parts of the plant have higher antioxidant and in vitro antidiabetic activity than the roots. Additionally, the aerial parts of the plant were most effective against Gram-positive bacteria. Molecular docking was done to evaluate the binding affinity (BA) of the bioactive compounds characterised by GC-MS with diabetic enzymes used in the in vitro assay. The results showed that the BA of γ-sitosterol was better than that of acarbose, which is used as a standard in the in vitro assay. Overall, this study suggests that the extract from aerial parts of H. stocksii using methanol as a solvent have better potential as a new medicinal plant and can provide a new aspect to develop more potent medications. The research findings contribute to the scientific data of the medicinal properties of Haloxylon stocksii and provide a basis for further evaluation of its potential as a natural remedy.
Metal source and ore precipitation mechanism of the Ashawayi orogenic gold deposit, southwestern Tianshan Orogen, western China: Constraints from textures and trace elements in pyrite
Creators: name: Zhou, Zhenju
name: Chen, Zhengle
name: Weyer, Stefan
name: Horn, Ingo
name: Huo, Hailong
name: Zhang, Wengao
name: Li, Nuo
name: Zhang, Qing
name: Han, Fengbin
name: Feng, Hongye
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ashawayi (W China)
subject: Orogenic gold deposit
subject: Pyrite
subject: Southwestern Tianshan
subject: Trace elements
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: The metal source and ore precipitation mechanism of orogenic gold mineralization are not yet well understood, partly because ore metals may be derived from different sources. Pyrite is a dominant Au-hosting mineral in the Ashawayi orogenic gold deposit in the southwestern Tianshan orogen, western China. Petrographic features of pyrite in host rocks and orebodies define four generations: diagenetic preore (Py1), hydrothermal early-ore (Py2), main-ore (Py3), and late-ore (Py4) pyrites. Trace element abundances were analyzed in situ by femtosecond laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (fs-LA-ICP-MS) to unravel the pyrite formation history. Preore Py1 contains the lowest Cu, Mo, Se, Au and As contents, consistent with a diagenetic origin. Py2 has higher Au and As contents than Py1 and may have formed by the reaction between hydrothermal fluid and preexisting Py1, as indicated by diagenetic pyrite-like As/Ni and Bi/Au ratios but lower hydrothermal pyrite-like Sb/Au ratios in Py2. Hydrothermal pyrite (Py3) contains more abundant As (1723–65182 ppm) and Au (0.32–107 ppm) but lower Co and Ni contents than Py2, suggesting a greater hydrothermal fluid contribution. Oscillatory zoning and abundant mineral inclusions (e.g., arsenopyrite and chalcopyrite) in porous Py3 indicate that fluid boiling was responsible for gold deposition during the main-ore stage. Py4 is a relict of hydrothermal pyrite (Py3) but not diagenetic pyrite, as supported by Py4 and Py3 clustering into a class based on hierarchical cluster analysis. The application of a machine learning method (i.e., artificial neural network) to the syn-ore pyrite indicates that the Ashawayi gold deposit has affinity to those from orogenic-type gold deposits worldwide. Our study, therefore, highlights that ore metals in orogenic gold deposits may originate from different sources, such as Au and As, which are largely sourced from metamorphic fluids, while Co and Ni are mainly released from preore sedimentary pyrite, fluid boiling and fluid-rock interaction triggered precipitation of Au and other metals.
Release of TGF-β3 from Surface-Modified PCL Fiber Mats Triggers a Dose-Dependent Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells
Creators: name: Berten-Schunk, Leonie
name: Roger, Yvonne
name: Bunjes, Heike
name: Hoffmann, Andrea
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: chitosan nanoparticles
subject: chondrogenesis
subject: implant
subject: release
subject: TGF-β 3
subject: tissue transition
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: The design of implants for tissue transitions remains a major scientific challenge. This is due to gradients in characteristics that need to be restored. The rotator cuff in the shoulder, with its direct osteo-tendinous junction (enthesis), is a prime example of such a transition. Our approach towards an optimized implant for entheses is based on electrospun fiber mats of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) as biodegradable scaffold material, loaded with biologically active factors. Chitosan/tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoparticles were used to load transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3) with increasing loading concentrations for the regeneration of the cartilage zone within direct entheses. Release experiments were performed, and the concentration of TGF-β3 in the release medium was determined by ELISA. Chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) was analyzed in the presence of released TGF-β3. The amount of released TGF-β3 increased with the use of higher loading concentrations. This correlated with larger cell pellets and an increase in chondrogenic marker genes (SOX9, COL2A1, COMP). These data were further supported by an increase in the glycosaminoglycan (GAG)-to-DNA ratio of the cell pellets. The results demonstrate an increase in the total release of TGF-β3 by loading higher concentrations to the implant, which led to the desired biological effect.
Digitale Jugendarbeit in städtischen Kontexten der Deutschschweiz
Creators: name: Portmann, Andrea
Publisher: name: Hochschule Luzern - Soziale Arbeit
Year: 2023
Subjects: digitale Medien
digitale Jugendarbeit

description: Will die Offene Jugendarbeit (OJA) ihrem Auftrag gerecht werden und Jugendliche in ihrem Aufwachsen in einer mediatisierten Welt begleiten, muss sie sich aktualisieren und beginnen, das gesamte Potenzial freizusetzen, das digitale Medien für den Einsatz in der OJA bergen. Deshalb hat sich Andrea Portmann im Rahmen ihrer Bachelorarbeit mit digitaler Jugendarbeit (dJA) in städtischen Kontexten der Deutschschweiz befasst. Auf theoretischer Ebene wurde untersucht, wie die digitale Transformation das Praxisfeld der OJA verändert, was unter dJA verstanden wird und welche Erkenntnisse im Hinblick auf die Implementierung von dJA in der Schweiz bereits vorliegen. Nach einem Perspektivenabgleich mit der europäischen Union hat sich gezeigt, dass dJA mit Blick auf Forschung und Praxis hierzulande hinterherhinkt. In der Folge wurden sechs Expert*innen-Interviews mit Jugendarbeiter*innen geführt, welche in Deutschschweizer Städten bereits dJA umsetzen und mittels Gatekeeper-Verfahren als «Best Practices» in die Stichprobe gelangt sind. Die qualitative Forschungsanlage sollte Aufschluss darüber geben, wie sich gelingende dJA in städtischen Kontexten der Deutschschweiz äussert und welche (übergeordneten) Faktoren Fachpersonen hinsichtlich der Implementierung von dJA als förderlich erachten. Mit den Erkenntnissen aus Theorie und Praxis konnten zwei Handreichungen für die Praxis entwickelt werden, welche mögliche Umsetzungsstrategien zur nachhaltigen Professionalisierung von dJA zeigen. Während das 8-Check-Modell zur Implementierung von dJA Fachpersonen im Feld einen möglichen Einstieg zeigt, richten sich die Handlungsempfehlungen an alle relevanten Akteur*innen am Prozess.
Thermal fluctuations, quasi-normal modes and phase transition of the charged AdS black hole with perfect fluid dark matter
Creators: name: Abbas, G.
name: Ali, R. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study thermodynamics, thermal fluctuations, phase transitions and the charged anti-de Sitter black hole surrounded by perfect fluid dark matter. Large black holes are shown to be stable when subject to thermal fluctuations, and we begin by exploring how these fluctuations affect the uncorrected thermodynamic quantities of entropy, Helmholtz free energy, Gibbs free energy, enthalpy specific heat, and phase transition stability. We also discuss null geodesics and the radius of the photon sphere for the charged AdS BH and use the radius of a photon sphere to calculate the Lyapunov exponent and angular velocity. Exceptionally, we test the effects of various parameters of a black hole graphically by observing the existence of the correction parameter and the coupling parameter, which reveal the behavior of corrected thermodynamic quantities. Lastly, we see how the system is stable (under the effects of the dark matter parameter) by figuring out the specific heat and Hawking temperature, which are both related to entropy.
description: 31 Pages, 41 EPS figure, accepted for Publication in EPJC
Glutathione for Food and Health Applications with Emphasis on Extraction, Identification, and Quantification Methods: A Review
Creators: name: Al-Temimi, Anfal Alwan
name: Al-Mossawi, Aum-El-Bashar
name: Al-Hilifi, Sawsan A.
name: Korma, Sameh A.
name: Esatbeyoglu, Tuba
name: Rocha, João Miguel
name: Agarwal, Vipul
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: bioactive peptides
subject: glutathione
subject: natural peptide
subject: oxidative stress
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Glutathione is a naturally occurring compound that plays a crucial role in the cellular response to oxidative stress through its ability to quench free radicals, thus mitigating the risk of potential damage, including cell death. While glutathione is endogenously present in different plants and animal cells, their concentration varies considerably. The alteration in glutathione homeostasis can be used as a potential marker for human diseases. In the case of the depletion of endogenous glutathione, exogenous sources can be used to replenish the pool. To this end, both natural and synthetic glutathione can be used. However, the health benefit of glutathione from natural sources derived from fruits and vegetables is still debated. There is increasingly growing evidence of the potential health benefits of glutathione in different diseases; however, the determination and in situ quantification of endogenously produced glutathione remains a major challenge. For this reason, it has been difficult to understand the bioprocessing of exogenously delivered glutathione in vivo. The development of an in situ technique will also aid in the routine monitoring of glutathione as a biomarker for different oxidative stress-mediated diseases. Furthermore, an understanding of the in vivo bioprocessing of exogenously delivered glutathione will also aid the food industry both towards improving the longevity and profile of food products and the development of glutathione delivery products for long-term societal health benefits. In this review, we surveyed the natural plant-derived sources of glutathione, the identification and quantification of extracted glutathione from these sources, and the role of glutathione in the food industry and its effect on human health.
Impact of Iron-site defects on Superconductivity in LiFeAs
Creators: name: Chi, Shun
name: Aluru, Ramakrishna
name: Singh, Udai Raj
name: Liang, Ruixing
name: Hardy, Walter N.
name: Bonn, D. A.
name: Kreisel, A.
name: Andersen, Brian M.
name: Nelson, R.
name: Berlijn, T.
name: Ku, W.
name: Hirschfeld, P. J.
name: Wahl, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In conventional s-wave superconductors, only magnetic impurities exhibit impurity bound states, whereas for an s+- order parameter they can occur for both magnetic and non-magnetic impurities. Impurity bound states in superconductors can thus provide important insight into the order parameter. Here, we present a combined experimental and theoretical study of native and engineered iron-site defects in LiFeAs. Detailed comparison of tunneling spectra measured on impurities with spin fluctuation theory reveals a continuous evolution from negligible impurity bound state features for weaker scattering potential to clearly detectable states for somewhat stronger scattering potentials. All bound states for these intermediate strength potentials are pinned at or close to the gap edge of the smaller gap, a phenomenon that we explain and ascribe to multi-orbital physics.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Simultaneous improvement of heating efficiency and mechanical strength of a self-healing thermoplastic polymer by hybridizing magnetic particles with conductive fibres
Creators: name: Sha, Zhao
name: Cheng, Xinying
name: Zhou, Yang
name: Rider, Andrew N.
name: Charles, Andrew D.M.
name: Chang, Wenkai
name: Peng, Shuhua
name: Lim, May
name: Timchenko, Victoria
name: Wang, Chun H.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Eddy-current loss
subject: Magnetic hysteresis loss
subject: Synergistic improvement
subject: Thermoplastic polymer
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::660 | Technische Chemie

description: Radio-Frequency (RF) induction heating is a versatile in-situ method for contactless heating of structures by utilizing either magnetic hysteresis loss or eddy-current loss mechanism. Achieving high heating efficiency without degrading mechanical properties is a major challenge. Herein, a RF induction compatible self-healing composite was developed by hybridizing iron oxides (Fe3O4) nanoparticles with carbon fibre veils (CFVs) in poly(ethylene-co-methacrylic acid) (EMAA), which could possess both high magnetic and electrical properties. Owing to the multiscale conductive networks built by Fe3O4 nanoparticles and CFVs, the electrical conductivity of the nanocomposite was found to be higher than the linear combination of the individual contributions, thus creating a synergistic improvement in electrical conductivity and heating efficiency. Furthermore, single lap shear test results demonstrated that the combination of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and CFVs could significantly improve the bonding strength of EMAA polymer. Therefore, the hybridization of magnetic particles with conductive fibres offers a promising technology for a wide range of applications, such as self-healing, reversable bonding, and multiple use bonded composites.
Mosaic: Designing Online Creative Communities for Sharing Works-in-Progress
Creators: name: Kim, Joy
name: Agrawala, Maneesh
name: Bernstein, Michael S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.3

description: Online creative communities allow creators to share their work with a large audience, maximizing opportunities to showcase their work and connect with fans and peers. However, sharing in-progress work can be technically and socially challenging in environments designed for sharing completed pieces. We propose an online creative community where sharing process, rather than showcasing outcomes, is the main method of sharing creative work. Based on this, we present Mosaic---an online community where illustrators share work-in-progress snapshots showing how an artwork was completed from start to finish. In an online deployment and observational study, artists used Mosaic as a vehicle for reflecting on how they can improve their own creative process, developed a social norm of detailed feedback, and became less apprehensive of sharing early versions of artwork. Through Mosaic, we argue that communities oriented around sharing creative process can create a collaborative environment that is beneficial for creative growth.
Chromospheric Condensation and Quasi-periodic Pulsations in a Circular-ribbon Flare
Creators: name: Zhang, Q. M.
name: Li, D.
name: Ning, Z. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we report our multiwavelength observations of the C3.1 circular-ribbon flare SOL2015-10-16T10:20 in AR 12434. The flare consisted of a circular flare ribbon (CFR), an inner flare ribbon (IFR) inside, and a pair of short parallel flare ribbons (PFRs). During the impulsive phase of the flare, "two-step" raster observations of \textit{IRIS} with a cadence of 6 s and an exposure time of 2 s show plasma downflow at the CFR in the Si {\sc iv} $λ$1402.77 line, suggesting chromospheric condensation. The downflow speeds first increased rapidly from a few km s$^{-1}$ to the peak values of 45$-$52 km s$^{-1}$, before decreasing gradually to the initial levels. The decay timescales of condensation were 3$-$4 minutes, indicating ongoing magnetic reconnection. Interestingly, the downflow speeds are positively correlated with logarithm of the Si {\sc iv} line intensity and time derivative of the \textit{GOES} soft X-ray (SXR) flux in 1$-$8 Å. The radio dynamic spectra are characterized by a type \Rmnum{3} radio burst associated with the flare, which implies that the chromospheric condensation was most probably driven by nonthermal electrons. Using an analytical expression and the peak Doppler velocity, we derived the lower limit of energy flux of the precipitating electrons, i.e., 0.65$\times$10$^{10}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. The Si {\sc iv} line intensity and SXR derivative show quasi-periodic pulsations with periods of 32$-$42 s.
description: 41 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
The prospects of innovative agri-environmental contracts in the European policy context: Results from a Delphi study
Creators: name: Kelemen, Eszter
name: Megyesi, Boldizsár
name: Matzdorf, Bettina
name: Andersen, Erling
name: Van Bussel, Lenny G.J.
name: Dumortier, Myriam
name: Dutilly, Céline
name: García-Llorente, Marina
name: Hamon, Christine
name: LePage, Annabelle
name: Moruzzo, Roberta
name: Prager, Katrin
name: Riccioli, Francesco
name: Yacamán-Ochoa, Carolina
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Agri-environmental schemes
subject: Collective contracts
subject: Contract design
subject: Policy Delphi
subject: Result-based payments
subject: Value chain contracts
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::640 | Hauswirtschaft und Familienleben
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::320 | Politik

description: Innovative agri-environmental contracts are increasingly studied in the literature, but their adoption has been relatively slow and geographically scattered. Action-based agri-environmental measures remain the predominant policy mechanism across Europe. A three-round Policy Delphi study was conducted with policy makers, scientific experts, farmers’ representatives, and NGOs from across 15 different European countries, to investigate how and under which circumstances novel contractual solutions could be implemented more widely. The expert panel perceived result-based and collective contractual elements as the most promising. Although considered beneficial from several aspects, value chain contracts were perceived less relevant to the policy environment. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) Pillar 2 measures were highlighted by the experts as the key policy area to implement novel contracts by national or regional authorities, but Pillar 1 eco-schemes, being launched in the CAP 2023–2027, were also considered as a potentially suitable framework for testing and implementation. The Delphi panel envisaged innovative contracts should be adopted by governments in iterative steps and not as a complete substitute for current payment schemes, but rather as an additional incentive to them. Such an incremental approach allows contractual innovations to capitalise on existing best practices. But it also implies the risk that innovative contracts could remain marginal and fail to substantially change farmers’ behaviour, resulting in a failure to improve environmental conditions.
Structural-transition-induced quasi two-dimensional Fermi surface in FeSe
Creators: name: Sun, Yue
name: Yamada, Tatsuhiro
name: Pyon, Sunseng
name: Tamegai, Tsuyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report detailed study of angular-dependent magnetoresistance (AMR) with tilting angel $θ$ from $c$-axis ranging from 0$^\circ$ to 360$^\circ$ on a high-quality FeSe single crystal. A pronounced AMR with twofold symmetry is observed, which is caused by the quasi two-dimensional (2D) Fermi surface. The pronounced AMR is observed only in the orthorhombic phase, indicating that the quasi-2D Fermi surface is induced by the structural transition. Details about the influence of the multiband effect to the AMR are also discussed. Besides, the angular response of a possible Dirac-cone-like band structure is investigated by analyzing the detailed magnetoresistance at different $θ$. The obtained characteristic field ($B^*$) can be also roughly scaled in the 2D approximation, which indicates that the Dirac-cone-like state is also 2D in nature.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Teleparallel Newton-Cartan gravity
Creators: name: Schwartz, Philip K.
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publ.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Galilei geometry
subject: Newton-Cartan gravity
subject: Newtonian limit
subject: teleparallel equivalent of general relativity
subject: teleparallel gravity
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We discuss a teleparallel version of Newton-Cartan gravity. This theory arises as a formal large-speed-of-light limit of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity (TEGR). Thus, it provides a geometric formulation of the Newtonian limit of TEGR, similar to standard Newton-Cartan gravity being the Newtonian limit of general relativity. We show how by a certain gauge-fixing the standard formulation of Newtonian gravity can be recovered.
Stimulated Brillouin scattering in metamaterials
Creators: name: Smith, M. J. A.
name: Kuhlmey, B. T.
name: de Sterke, C. Martijn
name: Wolff, C.
name: Lapine, M.
name: Poulton, C. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the SBS gain for a metamaterial comprising a cubic lattice of dielectric spheres suspended in a background dielectric material. Theoretical methods are presented to calculate the optical, acoustic, and opto-acoustic parameters that describe the SBS properties of the material at long wavelengths. Using the electromagnetic and strain energy densities we accurately characterise the optical and acoustic properties of the metamaterial. From a combination of energy density methods and perturbation theory, we recover the appropriate terms of the photoelastic tensor for the metamaterial. We demonstrate that electrostriction is not necessarily the dominant mechanism in the enhancement and suppression of the SBS gain coefficient in a metamaterial, and that other parameters, such as the Brillouin linewidth, can dominate instead. Examples are presented that exhibit an order of magnitude enhancement in the SBS gain as well as perfect suppression.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures
title: Treating nitrogen oxides emissions in the cement industry: mechanism, environmental benefits, and economic costs
title: Do the environmental benefits of using selective non-catalytic reduction to treat the emission of nitrogen oxides in cement production outweigh the economic costs?
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Zhang, Maiyun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: An IB World Studies Extended Essay in economic and environmental sustainability.
Early Predictability of Grasping Movements by Neurofunctional Representations: A Feasibility Study
Creators: name: Jakubowitz, Eike
name: Feist, Thekla
name: Obermeier, Alina
name: Gempfer, Carina
name: Hurschler, Christof
name: Windhagen, Henning
name: Laves, Max-Heinrich
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: activities of daily living
subject: brain–computer interface
subject: electroencephalography
subject: movement decoding
subject: prosthetic control
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: Human grasping is a relatively fast process and control signals for upper limb prosthetics cannot be generated and processed in a sufficiently timely manner. The aim of this study was to examine whether discriminating between different grasping movements at a cortical level can provide information prior to the actual grasping process, allowing for more intuitive prosthetic control. EEG datasets were captured from 13 healthy subjects who repeatedly performed 16 activities of daily living. Common classifiers were trained on features extracted from the waking-state frequency and total-frequency time domains. Different training scenarios were used to investigate whether classifiers can already be pre-trained by base networks for fine-tuning with data of a target person. A support vector machine algorithm with spatial covariance matrices as EEG signal descriptors based on Riemannian geometry showed the highest balanced accuracy (0.91 ± 0.05 SD) in discriminating five grasping categories according to the Cutkosky taxonomy in an interval from 1.0 s before to 0.5 s after the initial movement. Fine-tuning did not improve any classifier. No significant accuracy differences between the two frequency domains were apparent (p > 0.07). Neurofunctional representations enabled highly accurate discrimination of five different grasping movements. Our results indicate that, for upper limb prosthetics, it is possible to use them in a sufficiently timely manner and to predict the respective grasping task as a discrete category to kinematically prepare the prosthetic hand.
Computing the Laplace eigenvalue and level of Maass cusp forms
Creators: name: Savala, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11Y60

description: Let $f$ be a primitive Maass cusp form for a congruence subgroup $Γ_0(D) \subset $ SL($2,\mathbb{Z}$) and $λ_f(n)$ its $n$-th Fourier coefficient. In this paper it is shown that with knowledge of only finitely many $λ_f(n)$ one can often solve for the level $D$, and in some cases, estimate the Laplace eigenvalue to arbitrarily high precision. This is done by analyzing the resonance and rapid decay of smoothly weighted sums of $λ_f(n)e(αn^β)$ for $X \leq n \leq 2X$ and any choice of $α\in \mathbb{R}$, and $β>0$. The methods include the Voronoi summation formula, asymptotic expansions of Bessel functions, weighted stationary phase, and computational software. These algorithms manifest the belief that the resonance and rapid decay nature uniquely characterizes the underlying cusp form. They also demonstrate that the Fourier coefficients of a cusp form contain all arithmetic information of the form.
Periphery and Integrated Planning: Coping with Rural and Touristic Challenges across Scales in the German Wadden Sea Region
Creators: name: Mehnen, Nora
name: Mose, Ingo
name: Schaal, Peter
name: Sijtsma, Frans
name: Muñoz-Rojas, José
name: Fedoriak, Mariia
name: Angelstam, Per
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: demographic transitions
subject: governance
subject: landscape approach
subject: rural development
subject: tourism
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin

description: Rural landscapes face multiple challenges, but they can be attractive for developing nature-based tourism. Encouraging place-based participatory governance in local communities represents a relevant transdisciplinary landscape approach. In this study, we map (1) rural and touristic challenges and (2) coping strategies in peripheral–rural municipalities, and we (3) discuss the need for integration of local and regional-level actions. Two island and two mainland municipalities with different demographic profiles and different degrees of touristic specialization in the German Wadden Sea Region were selected as case studies. Through meetings and interviews we mapped perceived challenges and analyzed policies and other coping strategies. We then discuss the need for integration at multiple scales. Island municipalities were more exposed to tourism development challenges than mainland municipalities. Securing public services and welfare, and the sustainable conservation of ecological green infrastructures were particularly challenging. Applying a participatory approach was a coping strategy at the local level. However, there is a need for activities at multiple scales. In coping with rural development challenges, local level participatory approaches and regional planning complement each other. Combination and integration of local and regional-level concepts should be encouraged to support collaborative learning through evaluation.
Vibration Analysis of a Unimorph Nanobeam with a Dielectric Layer of Both Flexoelectricity and Piezoelectricity
Creators: name: Naderi, Ali
name: Quoc-Thai, Tran
name: Zhuang, Xiaoying
name: Jiang, Xiaoning
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: energy harvesting
subject: flexoelectric
subject: GDQM
subject: two-phase local/nonlocal elasticity
subject: vibration
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: In this study, for the first time, free and forced vibrational responses of a unimorph nanobeam consisting of a functionally graded base, along with a dielectric layer of both piezoelectricity and flexoelectricity, is investigated based on paradox-free local/nonlocal elasticity. The formulation and boundary conditions are attained by utilizing the energy method Hamilton’s principle. In order to set a comparison, the formulation of a model in the framework of differential nonlocal is first presented. An effective implementation of the generalized differential quadrature method (GDQM) is then utilized to solve higher-order partial differential equations. This method can be utilized to solve the complex equations whose analytic results are quite difficult to obtain. Lastly, the impact of various parameters is studied to characterize the vibrational behavior of the system. Additionally, the major impact of flexoelectricity compared to piezoelectricity on a small scale is exhibited. The results show that small-scale flexoelectricity, rather than piezoelectricity, is dominant in electromechanical coupling. One of the results that can be mentioned is that the beams with higher nonlocality have the higher voltage and displacement under the same excitation amplitude. The findings can be helpful for further theoretical as well as experimental studies in which dielectric material is used in smart structures.
Crystal structure and anisotropic magnetic properties of new ferromagnetic Kondo lattice compound Ce(Cu,Al,Si)2
Creators: name: Maurya, A.
name: Thamizhavel, A.
name: Dhar, S. K.
name: Provino, A.
name: Pani, M.
name: Costa, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single crystals of the new compound CeCu0.18Al0.24Si1.58 have been grown by high-temperature solution growth method using a eutectic Al-Si mixture as flux. This compound is derived from the binary CeSi2 (tetragonal ThSi2-type, Pearson symbol tI12, space group I41/amd) obtained by partial substitution of Si by Cu and Al atoms but showing full occupation of the Si crystal site (8e). While CeSi2 is a well-known valence-fluctuating paramagnetic compound, the CeCu0.18Al0.24Si1.58 phase orders ferromagnetically at TC = 9.3 K. At low temperatures the easy-axis of magnetization is along the a-axis, which re-orients itself along the c-axis above 30 K. The presence of hysteresis in the magnetization curve, negative temperature coefficient of resistivity at high temperatures, reduced jump in the heat capacity and a relatively lower entropy released up to the ordering temperature, and enhanced Sommerfeld coefficient (~100 mJ/mol K2) show that CeCu0.18Al0.24Si1.58 is a Kondo lattice ferromagnetic, moderate heavy fermion compound. Analysis of the high temperature heat capacity data in the paramagnetic region lets us infer that the crystal electric field split doublet levels are located at 178 and 357 K, respectively, and Kondo temperature (8.4 K) is of the order of TC in CeCu0.18Al0.24Si1.58.
Correlated Pair Approach to Composite Boson Scattering Lengths
Creators: name: Shiau, Shiue-Yuan
name: Combescot, Monique
name: Chang, Yia-Chung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the scattering length of composite bosons (cobosons) within the framework of the composite boson many-body formalism that uses correlated-pair states as a basis, instead of free fermion states. The integral equation constructed from this physically relevant basis makes transparent the role of fermion exchange in the coboson-coboson effective scattering. Three potentials used for Cooper pairs, fermionic-atom dimers, and semiconductor excitons are considered. While the s-wave scattering length for the BCS-like potential is just equal to its Born value, the other two are substantially smaller. For fermionic-atom dimers and semiconductor excitons, our results, calculated within a restricted correlated-pair basis, are in good agreement with those obtained from procedures numerically more demanding. We also propose model coboson-coboson scatterings that are separable and thus easily workable, and that produce scattering lengths which match quantitatively well with the numerically-obtained values for all fermion mass ratios. These separable model scatterings can facilitate future works on many-body effects in coboson gases.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Miniaturized thin-film filters to connect multiple self-written waveguides
Creators: name: Günther, A.
name: Kushwaha, K.
name: Rüsseler, A.K.
name: Carstens, F.
name: Ristau, D.
name: Kowalsky, W.
name: Roth, B.
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publ.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: optical sensing
subject: self-written waveguides
subject: thin-film filter
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Self-written waveguides (SWWs) have been well investigated within the last decades. In most cases, they are used as low-loss coupling structures, i.e., to connect buried optical structures in photonic integrated circuits. In this work, we extend the field of possible applications for SWWs by embedding a novel thin-film filter to split the beam and connect multiple output ports simultaneously. The multilayer design of the dielectric filter can be customized to enable its application as a dichroic beamsplitter for photonic networks. The embedded thin-film filter was characterized in detail and used to connect an additional optical sensing element, which is also based on SWWs, to demonstrate its usability for measurement of physical quantities.