cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The effect of transit improvements on school choice
Creators: Colin Pescina, Jorge Ubaldo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Economics
Education
City planning

description: The dissertation investigates the effect of the new bus rapid transit lines on school choice at the high school level in Mexico City. Since 1996 all public high schools in the Mexico City metropolitan area have an open enrollment policy based on the result of a common test and the stated preferences of students on what school they wish to attend. I raise four questions: 1) Are students applying to public high schools that are in line with their academic potential? 2) Is the time required to commute to school a determinant factor in the students’ choice of high school? 3) Can improving access to public transit modify the set of schools to which students apply in their senior high school application process? And 4) What effects do the transit improvements have on students’ allocated school? The time difference in the introduction of four new bus rapid transit lines is used as source of variation to mass transit availability. A difference in difference technique is used to compare these groups across time. I find that about one of every five students in Mexico City in the last 12 years was allocated to a school below her academic capability potentially damaging her future performance (under-matching). This is most prevalent among students from low income areas where academic attainment is low. Transit improvements led students living in areas that previously had little access to transit to apply to schools that were farther from home. The greater benefits are for students in the middle and lower part of the academic distribution. Transit improvements decrease the level of under-matching for these students. Students in wealthier areas see the quality of their school peers decrease after transit lines start operations. The same happens for high achievement students from low to middle income areas. I carefully document with maps how transit modified the location of schools to which the students applied and also to which school they were allocated. The findings highlight an equity dimension of transit availability as a mean to access quality education and a fundamental element to exercise school choice.
Semiclassical Treatment of Diffraction in Billiard Systems with a Flux Line
Creators: name: Sieber, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In billiard systems with a flux line semiclassical approximations for the density of states contain contributions from periodic orbits as well as from diffractive orbits that are scattered on the flux line. We derive a semiclassical approximation for diffractive orbits that are scattered once on a flux line. This approximation is uniformly valid for all scattering angles. The diffractive contributions are necessary in order that semiclassical approximations are continuous if the position of the flux line is changed.
description: LaTeX, 17 pages, 4 figures
The effect of hospital financial distress on immediate breast reconstruction
Creators: Richards, Catherine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Epidemiology
Finance
Public health

description: Hospital financial stress is a common problem. From 1995-2010 15-30% of hospitals every year were classified as financially distressed based on a negative total profit margin. However, very few studies to date have assessed the impact of hospital financial distress on quality of care indicators or patient outcomes. A comprehensive and systematic literature review was conducted to assess the state of the science on hospital financial distress and quality of care or patient outcomes. A total of three peer-reviewed articles were found that used a measure of hospital financial distress as an exposure with a quality of care indicator or health-related factor as an outcome. However, despite the limited research on this topic, the evidence suggested there was an important relationship between hospital financial distress and patient outcomes.

What became clear after the systematic literature review was that not only had very few studies ever assessed the relationship between hospital financial distress and patient outcomes, but there was also limited evidence on the validity of various measures of hospital financial distress. An analysis conducted as part of this dissertation assessed the validity of profit margin, as well as two composite measures, the Financial Strength Index and the modified z-index, to see how well they predicted hospital closure. Overall, despite the added complexity of the Financial Strength Index and the modified z-index compared to profit margin, all three measures performed similarly with respect to predicting hospital closure.

Finally, profit margin, as a measure of hospital financial distress was used to predict the receipt of immediate breast reconstruction. Women undergoing mastectomy at hospitals under high levels of hospital financial distress were significantly less likely to receive immediate breast reconstruction compared to women treated at hospitals under minimal to no financial distress, adjusting for important confounders. This means hospital financial distress is an important, although unwarranted, determinant of breast cancer care.
Off-shell $N=2\to N=1$ reduction in 4D conformal supergravity
Creators: name: Yamada, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss $N=2\to N=1$ reduction in four dimensional conformal supergravity. In particular, we keep the off-shell structure of supermultiplets (except hypermultiplets). As we will show, starting with (almost) off-shell conformal supergravity makes the procedure simpler than that from $N=2$ Poincaré supergravity, which makes it easier to show the correspondence to the standard $N=1$ conformal supergravity. We find that the $N=1$ superconformal symmetry is simply realized by truncating the gravitino multiplet. We also discuss the consistency with the original $N=2$ system and show the reduced $N=1$ conformal supergravity action.
description: 23 pages
Possible nodeless $s^\pm$-wave superconductivity in twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Liu, Zhe
name: Li, Yu
name: Yang, Yi-feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent discovery of superconductivity in the twisted bilayer graphene has stimulated numerous theoretical proposals concerning its exact gap symmetry. Among them, $d+id$ or $p+ip$-wave were believed to be the most plausible solutions. Here considering the superconductivity emerges near a correlated insulating state and may be induced by antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations, we apply the strong-coupling Eliashberg theory with both inter- and intraband quantum critical pairing interactions and discuss the possible gap symmetry in an effective low-energy four-orbital model. Our calculations reveal a nodeless $s^\pm$-wave as the most probable candidate for superconducting gap symmetry in the experimentally relevant parameter range. This solution is distinctly different from previous theoretical proposals. In particular, it contains interesting topological components in the valley space, which might be tuned by experimental manipulation of the valley degree of freedom.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
The effect of matrix stiffness, composition, and three-dimensionality on p53 expression in engineered human bone tumors
Creators: Liu, Zen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biomedical engineering
Tissue engineering
Oncology
p53 antioncogene
Tumors--Treatment

description: Approximately 40% of men and women in the United States will be diagnosed with at least one form of cancer in their lifetime, with cancer being implicated in one in four deaths. While great strides have been made in early diagnosis and treatment using standard regimens of chemotherapy and radiation, resulting in an overall decrease in cancer mortality, tumor initiation, growth and metastasis continue to evade control. The continued search for effective and targeted drugs has been hindered by the high failure rate of costly clinical trials, highlighting a need for more accurate preclinical models of disease, not only for pharmaceutical testing, but also biological research and assay development.
      The dominant role of the tumor microenvironment in regulating tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis has been well documented, driving the application of tissue engineering strategies in cancer biology. In vitro models that recapitulate clinically-relevant features of native tumors with greater fidelity than monolayer tissue cultures have the potential to yield discovery of novel therapeutic targets and regimens while also providing critical insights into mechanisms of tumor resistance. This thesis describes a tissue engineering strategy for generating an in vitro tumor model of human conventional chondrosarcoma using a custom biomimetic scaffold, and characterizes the effect of the biomaterial on cancer cell phenotype. Together with a previously validated and published in vitro model of human Ewing’s sarcoma tumors, we further investigated the effect of microenvironmental factors including matrix stiffness, niche composition, and three-dimensionality on the expression of a key cell cycle regulator and tumor suppressor mutated or lost in a wide variety of cancers, p53. A transcription factor nicknamed the “guardian of the genome,” p53 is activated in normal tissues in response to stress and triggers cellular responses including cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, or induces transcription of DNA repair enzymes to promote cell survival. The unifying hypothesis of this thesis was that the tumor microenvironment does in fact influence expression of tumor suppressors like p53, ultimately contributing to the progression of tumors toward metastasis and chemoresistance, and that these effects can be probed in vitro using disease-specific engineered tumor models to identify novel druggable targets and biomarkers with prognostic significance.
Generalized dimensions, large deviations and the distribution of rare events
Creators: name: Caby, Théophile
name: Faranda, Davide
name: Mantica, Giorgio
name: Vaienti, Sandro
name: Yiou, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Generalized dimensions of multifractal measures are usually seen as static objects, related to the scaling properties of suitable partition functions, or moments of measures of cells. When these measures are invariant for the flow of a chaotic dynamical system, generalized dimensions take on a dynamical meaning, as they provide the rate function for the large deviations of the first hitting time, which is the (average) time required to connect any two different regions in phase space. We prove this result rigorously under a set of stringent assumptions. As a consequence, the statistics of hitting times provides new algorithms for the computation of the spectrum of generalized dimensions. Numerical examples, presented along with the theory, suggest that the validity of this technique reaches far beyond the range covered by the theorem. We state our result within the framework of extreme value theory. This approach reveals that hitting times are also linked to dynamical indicators such as stability of the motion and local dimensions of the invariant measure. This suggests that one can use local dynamical indicators from finite time series to gather information on the multifractal spectrum of generalized dimension. We show an application of this technique to experimental data from climate dynamics.
description: 30 pages
Solenodontidae Gill 1872
Creators: name: Russell A. Mittermeier
name: Don E. Wilson
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Soricomorpha
Solenodontidae

description: Family SOLENODONTIDAE
(SOLENODONS)
• Large insectivores with long flexible snouts, sometimes supported by unique bony os proboscis, and dental venom delivery system with deeply grooved second lower incisor associated with enlarged submaxillary gland.
• 35-75 cm.
• Neotropical Region.
• Dry, moist, wet, pine tropical forests, and human-modified landscapes.
• 2 genera, 2 species, 4 extant taxa.
• 1 species Endangered; 1 species Extinct shortly before 1600.
description: Published as part of Russell A. Mittermeier & Don E. Wilson, 2018, Solenodontidae, pp. 620-627 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 8 Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 620, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6657353
title: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung : Zeitschrift für Apotheker und Vertreter verwandter Berufszweige. 56. Jahrgang 1916
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Stähle & Friedl
Year: 1916
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung: Zeitschrift für Apotheker und Vertreter verwandter Berufszweige, vol. 56, 1916
The effects of echoic training on the emergence of naming in a second language by monolingual English-speaking preschool children
Creators: Cao, Yu
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Names, Chinese
subject: Education, Preschool
subject: Learning, Psychology of
subject: Preschool children
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Education, Bilingual
subject: Special education

description: I conducted two experiments to investigate the emergence of Naming in a second language by monolingual English-speaking preschool children who demonstrated Naming in English with non-contrived visual stimuli. In Experiment I, I tested for the presence of full echoic responses in Chinese with 32 monolingual English-speaking children. The participants were randomly assigned into two groups. Group I received echoic probes in Chinese phonemes with English approximations, while Group II received echoic probes in distinctive Chinese phonemes. Participants in both groups were probed for their echoic responses in English. Results showed that Group I outperformed Group II in the numbers of correct echoic responses in Chinese phonemes, suggesting that the numbers of correct echoic responses in Chinese were affected by the distinctiveness of the phonemes as well as participants’ echoic responses in English. In Experiment II, I tested the effects of echoic training on the acquisition of Naming in Chinese with contrived and non-contrived visual stimuli by eight monolingual English-speaking preschool children. A multiple probe design was implemented for experimental control. I conducted naming probes in English with contrived and non-contrived visual stimuli, as well as naming probes in Chinese with contrived and non-contrived visual stimuli with all participants. Six out of eight participants received echoic training, while the other two participants went through repeated probes due to a lack of stable responding. The intervention consisted of the experimenter teaching the participants to echo Chinese consonant-vowel combinations that shared the same phonemes with the probes sets but with different consonant-vowel combinations. The participants were taught to say the target consonant-vowel combinations independently without an echoic model with 100% accuracy across three sessions during delayed probes in order to master a training set. Prior to the intervention, all participants demonstrated naming in English with non-contrived stimuli, but none of the participants demonstrated naming in English with contrived stimuli, or in Chinese with contrived or non-contrived stimuli. The results from post-intervention probes showed that echoic training was functionally related to the emergence of naming in Chinese with non-contrived stimuli for six participants, as well as naming in Chinese with contrived stimuli for five out of six participants.
title: Migration von Körnerzellen im Cerebellum
title: Teach Your Peers OER
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Meersteiner, Julia
Publisher: name: Modul ZQ Master Biologie
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Stream
subject: Download
subject: Fragen
subject: TYP
subject: Open Educational Resources (OERs)
subject: 57

description: Teach Your Peers OER - Modul ZQ Master Biologie
The effectiveness of inserted strategy questions on elementary students' comprehension of well-structured and less-structured expository text
Creators: Ordynans, Jill Goodman
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Cognitive psychology
Reading

description: The present research examined the effects of inserted strategy questions (ISQs) and structured text on fifth grade students' comprehension of expository text passages that presented the cause/effect text structure at the sentence level (least complex) and at the paragraph level (more complex). Two studies were conducted to investigate this relationship. In the first study, an independent factorial design was utilized with two between-subjects variables (ISQs and structured text). Based on the positive findings from the first study, a second study was conducted that added a within-subjects variable (cause/effect complexity). A total of 48 fifth-grade students in the first study and 95 fifth-grade students in the second study were asked to read expository text passages that presented the cause/effect structure at both the sentence level and the paragraph level. Students were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: (1) ISQs present with well-structured text; (2) ISQs absent with well-structured text; (3) ISQs present with less-structured text; or (4) ISQs absent with less-structured text.
In both studies, the effectiveness of ISQs and well-structured text was measured by performance on a written summary task. For the second study, a comprehension questions task was added. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) were carried out to analyze the data. In the first study, main effects of ISQs and structured text were found on the written summary, as was an interaction between these two factors when the cause/effect structure was presented at the more complex level. In the second study, main effects of ISQs, structured text, and cause/effect complexity were found on the written summary task, but not for the comprehension question task. While the interaction between these three factors did not reach conventional significance on the written summary task, the relationship was investigated further due to our findings from the first study.
Taken together, these results suggest that both ISQs and well-structured text improve students' comprehension of expository social studies passages; however, the effect is greatest when both factors are combined, especially when the text is more complex. Suggestions for extending this work and pedagogical implications based on these findings are discussed.
The effects of a grouping by tens manipulative on children's strategy use, base ten understanding and mathematical knowledge
Creators: Pagar, Dana Lenore
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Cognitive psychology
Educational psychology

description: Manipulatives have the potential to be powerful tools in helping children improve their number sense, develop advanced mathematical strategies, and build an understanding of the base ten number system. Physical manipulatives used in classrooms, however, are often not designed to promote efficient strategy use, such as counting on, and typically do not encourage children to perceive higher-order units in multi-digit numbers. The aim of this study was to closely examine the affordances of a novel grouping by tens virtual manipulative. Seventy-nine first grade students were randomly assigned to one of two math software comparison groups or a reading software control group. In the math comparison groups, children received scaffolding and feedback while playing a computerized enumeration game that required them to use the novel grouping by tens manipulative. Children in the Transformation group used a manipulative that transformed from a unitized to a continuous model, while children in the Unitized group used a manipulative that remained discrete. Researchers recorded children's strategy use and accuracy when determining how many objects appeared on the screen, and the data were examined microgenetically. Children's counting on abilities, base ten understanding, and number sense were tested at posttest to examine group differences. The results showed that using the transforming manipulative significantly improved children's ability to count on at posttest. The math software also improved girls' base ten understanding at posttest. Children who used the math software in both conditions improved in their advanced strategy use and accuracy over time. These findings suggest that virtual manipulatives have the potential to improve children's strategy use and base ten understanding in ways that physical manipulatives may not. Suggestions for future research are discussed.
Incorporation of Spacetime Symmetries in Einstein's Field Equations
Creators: name: Zafiris, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the search for exact solutions to Einstein's field equations the main simplification tool is the introduction of spacetime symmetries. Motivated by this fact we develop a method to write the field equations for general matter in a form that fully incorporates the character of the symmetry. The method is being expressed in a covariant formalism using the framework of a double congruence. The basic notion on which it is based is that of the geometrisation of a general symmetry. As a special application of our general method we consider the case of a spacelike conformal Killing vector field on the spacetime manifold regarding special types of matter fields. New perspectives in General Relativity are discussed.
description: 41 pages, LaTeX
A Search for Water Vapor Plumes on Europa using SOFIA
Creators: name: Sparks, William
name: Richter, M.
name: deWitt, C.
name: Montiel, E.
name: Russo, N. Dello
name: Grunsfeld, J.
name: McGrath, M. A.
name: Weaver, H.
name: Hand, K. P.
name: Bergeron, E.
name: Reach, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present mid-infrared SOFIA/EXES spectroscopy of Europa, seeking direct evidence of the presence of water vapor arising from plumes venting from the surface of Europa. We place quantitatively useful upper limits on the strength of water vibrational-rotational emission lines. Conversion to water mass limits is dependent on the rotational temperature of the vapor. For low rotational temperature, the limits lie below the inferred water mass from previous HST plume observations. For higher temperatures, the limits are comparable. We also present coordinated HST transit observations obtained close in time to the SOFIA observations. There is evidence for a feature close to the location of the previously seen feature north of the crater Pwyll in one of the HST images, although it was not observable by EXES given its location. We conclude that if a water plume had been active at the time of the SOFIA observation, with the strength implied by previous HST observations, then under the right Earth atmospheric and geometric conditions, the plume could have been detected by EXES, however no IR water vibrational-rotational emission was detected.
description: Accepted by Astrophysical Journal Letters, Dec. 26, 2018
title: Mikroglia Aktivierung : Führung von Mikroglia Migration
title: Teach Your Peers OER
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Tacke, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Modul ZQ Master Biologie
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Stream
subject: Download
subject: Fragen
subject: TYP
subject: Open Educational Resources (OERs)
subject: 57

description: Teach Your Peers OER - Modul ZQ Master Biologie
title: Organelldegradation durch Autophagie
title: Teach Your Peers OER
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Liedtke, Jasper
Publisher: name: Modul ZQ Master Biologie
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Stream
subject: Download
subject: Fragen
subject: TYP
subject: Open Educational Resources (OERs)
subject: 57

description: Teach Your Peers OER - Modul ZQ Master Biologie
A Note on Perturbative and Nonperturbative Instabilities of Twisted Circles
Creators: name: Gutperle, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this short note we compare the endpoint of tachyon condensation of twisted circles with the endpoint of nonpertubative brane nucleation in the Kaluza-Klein Melvin spacetime.
description: 10 pages, harvmac(b), minor changes
Random matrices, Virasoro algebras, and noncommutative KP
Creators: name: Adler, M.
name: Shiota, T.
name: van Moerbeke, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: What is the connection of random matrices with integrable systems? Is this connection really useful? The answer to these questions leads to a new and unifying approach to the theory of random matrices. Introducing an appropriate time t-dependence in the probability distribution of the matrix ensemble, leads to vertex operator expressions for the n-point correlation functions (probabilities of n eigenvalues in infinitesimal intervals) and the corresponding Fredholm determinants (probabilities of no eigenvalue in a Borel subset E); the latter probability is a ratio of tau-functions for the KP-equation, whose numerator satisfy partial differential equations, which decouple into the sum of two parts: a Virasoro-like part depending on time only and a Vect(S^1)-part depending on the boundary points A_i of E. Upon setting t=0, and using the KP-hierarchy to eliminate t-derivatives, these PDE's lead to a hierarchy of non-linear PDE's, purely in terms of the A_i. These PDE's are nothing else but the KP hierarchy for which the t-partials, viewed as commuting operators, are replaced by non-commuting operators in the endpoints A_i of the E under consideration. When the boundary of E consists of one point and for the known kernels, one recovers the Painleve equations, found in prior work on the subject.
description: 56 pages
Plan-Structured Deep Neural Network Models for Query Performance Prediction
Creators: name: Marcus, Ryan
name: Papaemmanouil, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Query performance prediction, the task of predicting the latency of a query, is one of the most challenging problem in database management systems. Existing approaches rely on features and performance models engineered by human experts, but often fail to capture the complex interactions between query operators and input relations, and generally do not adapt naturally to workload characteristics and patterns in query execution plans. In this paper, we argue that deep learning can be applied to the query performance prediction problem, and we introduce a novel neural network architecture for the task: a plan-structured neural network. Our approach eliminates the need for human-crafted feature selection and automatically discovers complex performance models both at the operator and query plan level. Our novel neural network architecture can match the structure of any optimizer-selected query execution plan and predict its latency with high accuracy. We also propose a number of optimizations that reduce training overhead without sacrificing effectiveness. We evaluated our techniques on various workloads and we demonstrate that our plan-structured neural network can outperform the state-of-the-art in query performance prediction.
One-dimensional dynamics for travelling fronts in coupled map lattices
Creators: name: Carretero-González, R.
name: Arrowsmith, D. K.
name: Vivaldi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multistable coupled map lattices typically support travelling fronts, separating two adjacent stable phases. We show how the existence of an invariant function describing the front profile, allows a reduction of the infinitely-dimensional dynamics to a one-dimensional circle homeomorphism, whose rotation number gives the propagation velocity. The mode-locking of the velocity with respect to the system parameters then typically follows. We study the behaviour of fronts near the boundary of parametric stability, and we explain how the mode-locking tends to disappear as we approach the continuum limit of an infinite density of sites.
description: 10 pages, RevTeX, 12 Postscript figures, submitted to Phy.Rev.E
title: Proteindegradation - Proteinabbau durch das UPS und den Endosomalen-Lysosomalen Pathway
title: Teach Your Peers OER
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Wargenau, Sven
Publisher: name: Modul ZQ Master Biologie
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Stream
subject: Download
subject: TYP
subject: Open Educational Resources (OERs)
subject: 57

description: Teach Your Peers OER - Modul ZQ Master Biologie
On the Deligne-Simpson problem
Creators: name: Kostov, Vladimir Petrov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Deligne-Simpson problem is formulated like this: give necessary and sufficient conditions for the choice of the conjugacy classes $C_j\subset SL(n,{\bf C})$ or $c_j\subset sl(n,{\bf C})$ so that there exist irreducible $(p+1)$-tuples of matrices $M_j\in C_j$ or $A_j\in c_j$ satisfying the equality $M_1... M_{p+1}=I$ or $A_1+... +A_{p+1}=0$. We solve the problem for generic eigenvalues with the exception of the case of matrices $M_j$ when the greatest common divisor of the numbers $Σ_{j,l}(σ)$ of Jordan blocks of a given matrix $M_j$, with a given eigenvalue $σ$ and of a given size $l$ (taken over all $j$, $σ$, $l$) is $>1$. Generic eigenvalues are defined by explicit algebraic inequalities. For such eigenvalues there exist no reducible $(p+1)$-tuples. The matrices $M_j$ and $A_j$ are interpreted as monodromy operators of regular linear systems and as matrices-residua of fuchsian ones on Riemann's sphere.
A Branch and Price Algorithm for List Coloring Problem
Creators: name: Lucci, Mauro
name: Nasini, Graciela
name: Severín, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Coloring problems in graphs have been used to model a wide range of real applications. In particular, the List Coloring Problem generalizes the well-known Graph Coloring Problem for which many exact algorithms have been developed. In this work, we present a Branch-and-Price algorithm for the weighted version of the List Coloring Problem, based on the one developed by Mehrotra and Trick (1996) for the Graph Coloring Problem. This version considers non-negative weights associated to each color and it is required to assign a color to each vertex from predetermined lists in such a way the sum of weights of the assigned colors is minimum. Computational experiments show the good performance of our approach, being able to comfortably solve instances whose graphs have up to seventy vertices. These experiences also bring out that the hardness of the instances of the List Coloring Problem does not seem to depend only on quantitative parameters such as the size of the graph, its density, and the size of list of colors, but also on the distribution of colors present in the lists.
title: Unfolded Protein Response und Proteinaggregation. Mit Übungsfragen
title: Teach Your Peers OER
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Birkholz, Nils
Publisher: name: Modul ZQ Master Biologie
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Stream
subject: Download
subject: Fragen
subject: TYP
subject: Open Educational Resources (OERs)
subject: 57

description: Teach Your Peers OER - Modul ZQ Master Biologie
title: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung : Zeitschrift für Apotheker und Vertreter verwandter Berufszweige. 57. Jahrgang 1917
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Stähle & Friedl
Year: 1917
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung: Zeitschrift für Apotheker und Vertreter verwandter Berufszweige, vol. 57, 1917
The hypothesis of path integral duality II: corrections to quantum field theoretic results
Creators: name: Srinivasan, K.
name: Sriramkumar, L.
name: Padmanabhan, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the path integral expression for a Feynman propagator of a spinless particle of mass $m$, the path integral amplitude for a path of proper length ${\cal R}(x,x'| g_{μν})$ connecting events $x$ and $x'$ in a spacetime described by the metric tensor $g_{μν}$ is $\exp-[m {\cal R}(x,x'| g_{μν})]$. In a recent paper, assuming the path integral amplitude to be invariant under the duality transformation ${\cal R} \to (L_P^2/{\cal R})$, Padmanabhan has evaluated the modified Feynman propagator in an arbitrary curved spacetime. He finds that the essential feature of this `principle of path integral duality' is that the Euclidean proper distance $(Δx)^2$ between two infinitesimally separated spacetime events is replaced by $[(Δx)^2 + 4L_P^2 ]$. In other words, under the duality principle the spacetime behaves as though it has a `zero-point length' $L_P$, a feature that is expected to arise in a quantum theory of gravity. In the Schwinger's proper time description of the Feynman propagator, the weightage factor for a path with a proper time $s$ is $\exp-(m^2s)$. Invoking Padmanabhan's `principle of path integral duality' corresponds to modifying the weightage factor $\exp-(m^2s)$ to $\exp-[m^2s + (L_P^2/s)]$. In this paper, we use this modified weightage factor in Schwinger's proper time formalism to evaluate the quantum gravitational corrections to some of the standard quantum field theoretic results in flat and curved spacetimes. We find that the extra factor $\exp-(L_P^2/s)$ acts as a regulator at the Planck scale thereby `removing' the divergences that otherwise appear in the theory. Finally, we discuss the wider implications of our analysis.
description: 26 pages, Revtex
The fallacy of consensus: How conflicts can be essential to determine community participation
Creators: Estefam, Aline Faiwichow
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: City planning--Citizen participation
Community development, Urban
Communication in city planning
Negotiation

description: The purpose of the research is to contribute to an emerging body of critique of community participation in planning practice. The critiques in this research are grounded in the analysis of two situated planning practices in New York City. One of them followed the normative decision of the communicative planning, and the other followed the agonistic methodology. The research starts with background research of what aspects led to or helped shape the planning process in both cases. It follows an in-depth analysis of the negotiation and participation processes, outlining differences, and similarities. Several critiques were offered regarding power and the idea that communication can suspend power relations. First, it outlines the importance of previous conditions – political scenario and community power – to shape planning decisions. Second, it argues that power holders generally lead the negotiation in communicative planning. Third, it argues that communicative practice does not create spaces for the expression of conflictual ideas and end up excluding segments of the population. It concludes that conflicts are fundamental to an equity-driven planning practice and outlines several recommendations that planners or government agencies should follow to ensure meaningful community participation.
title: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung : Zeitschrift für Apotheker und Vertreter verwandter Berufszweige. 58. Jahrgang 1918
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Stähle & Friedl
Year: 1918
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung: Zeitschrift für Apotheker und Vertreter verwandter Berufszweige, vol. 58, 1918
Approximation of the Cell Under Test in Sliding Window Detection Processes
Creators: name: Weinberg, Graham V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Analysis of sliding window detection detection processes requires careful consideration of the cell under test, which is an amplitude squared measurement of the signal plus clutter in the complex domain. Some authors have suggested that there is sufficient merit in the approximation of the cell under test by a distributional model similar to that assumed for the clutter distribution. Under such an assumption, the development of Neyman-Pearson detectors is facilitated. The purpose of the current paper is to demonstrate, in a modern maritime surveillance radar context, that such an approximation is invalid.
title: Elektromechanische Netzwerke mit adaptiven negativen Kapazitäten zur breitbandigen Schall- und Schwingungsreduktion
Creators: name: Pohl, Martin
Publisher: name: Elektronisch veröffentlicht: 13.11.2015
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: egative Kapazität
subject: Schallreduktion
subject: Schwingungsreduktion
subject: Piezoeffect
subject: piezoelectric shunt damping
subject: negative capacitance
subject: noise and vibration control
subject: 62

description: Das Ziel der Arbeit besteht darin, durch die Weiterentwicklung und Steigerung der Leistungsfähigkeit der negativen Kapazitätsschaltung selbst, sowie durch die Untersuchung der Einflüsse der Platzierung der piezoelektrischen Elemente eine Methode zur Verbesserung der strukturdynamischen und akustischen Eigenschaften insbesondere von Schalenstrukturen bereitzustellen. 
Dazu wird zunächst die Ausgangsspannung der negativen Kapazität mittels schaltungstechnischer Erweiterungen auf die hohen Betriebsspannungen der piezoelektrischen Elemente erhöht. Zudem werden Erweiterungen vorgenommen, die die selbsttätige, adaptive Einstellung des Betriebspunktes im Betrieb sicherstellt, so daß stets die maximal mögliche Dämpfung erzielt wird. Abschließend wird mittels Simulation und Experiment der Einfluß von Fläche, Anzahl und Anordnung der piezoelektrischen Elemente auf die erreichbare Dämpfung untersucht.
The function of dopamine D2 receptors in the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus
Creators: Clark, Abigail Marie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Thalamus
subject: Dopamine--Receptors
subject: Electrophysiology
subject: Neurobiology

description: The nuclei of the midline thalamus are an important part of the brain’s limbic system. Previous work has described the presence of dopamine D2 receptors in the midline thalamus in humans, non-human primates, and rodents. A similar body of literature has also demonstrated dopaminergic innervation of the midline thalamus across these species. However, little is known regarding a) the source of dopaminergic innervation to the midline thalamus in rodents and b) the function of D2R in the midline thalamus in any species.
      I begin this thesis with a review of the literature examining the anatomy, electrophysiological properties, and role in behavior of the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT), a region where D2R mRNA and protein is expressed. I next describe a series of three sets of experiments aimed toward examining the anatomical, electrophysiological, and behavioral role of D2R in the PVT in mice.
      In the first set of experiments, I used anatomical methods to show that D2R are particularly enriched in neurons of the PVT. I focused on D2R-expressing PVT neurons specifically and show their afferent and efferent projections throughout the brain. In addition, I describe a set of experiments aimed to establish a dopaminergic innervation to the PVT.
      In the second set of experiments, I used electrophysiological methods to study D2R-expressing PVT neurons. Here, I establish that tonic firing in D2R-expressing thalamic relay neurons in the PVT is inhibited by quinpirole, a D2R/D3R agonist, and increased by sulpiride, a D2R/D3R antagonist.
      In the third set of experiments, I assessed the behavioral function of D2R in PVT neurons since this has never been studied in any species. I directly manipulated PVT D2R in two directions: a) by overexpressing D2R, and b) by downregulating D2R. Here I show PVT D2R plays a role in both cocaine locomotor sensitization as well as contextual fear expression. Our findings demonstrate for the first time the role of D2R in the PVT and add to literature suggesting that the PVT is an important component of the neural circuitry underlying fear behavior and drug reward.
      I conclude this thesis with a discussion of the findings described in the three sets of experiments as well as a proposal for future experiments.
Thermodynamic limit from small lattices of coupled maps
Creators: name: Carretero-González, R.
name: Ørstavik, S.
name: Huke, J.
name: Broomhead, D. S.
name: Stark, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the behaviour of a small truncated coupled map lattice with random inputs at the boundaries with that of a large deterministic lattice essentially at the thermodynamic limit. We find exponential convergence for the probability density, predictability, power spectrum, and two-point correlation with increasing truncated lattice size. This suggests that spatio-temporal embedding techniques using local observations cannot detect the presence of spatial extent in such systems and hence they may equally well be modelled by a local low dimensional stochastically driven system.
description: 4 pages, RevTeX, 4 Postscript figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
A remark on the Dixmier Conjecture
Creators: name: Bavula, V. V.
name: Levandovskyy, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16S50, 16W20, 16S32, 16W50

description: The Dixmier Conjecture says that every endomorphism of the (first) Weyl algebra $A_1$ (over a field of characteristic zero) is an automorphism, i.e., if $PQ-QP=1$ for some $P, Q \in A_1$ then $A_1 = K \langle P, Q \rangle$. The Weyl algebra $A_1$ is a $\Z$-graded algebra. We prove that the Dixmier Conjecture holds if the elements $P$ and $Q$ are sums of no more than two homogeneous elements of $A$ (there is no restriction on the total degrees of $P$ and $Q$).
description: 7 pages
title: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung : Zeitschrift für Apotheker und Vertreter verwandter Berufszweige. 59. Jahrgang 1919
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Stähle & Friedl
Year: 1919
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Süddeutsche Apotheker-Zeitung: Zeitschrift für Apotheker und Vertreter verwandter Berufszweige, vol. 59, 1919
Understanding Dwarf Galaxies in order to Understand Dark Matter
Creators: name: Brooks, Alyson M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Much progress has been made in recent years by the galaxy simulation community in making realistic galaxies, mostly by more accurately capturing the effects of baryons on the structural evolution of dark matter halos at high resolutions. This progress has altered theoretical expectations for galaxy evolution within a Cold Dark Matter (CDM) model, reconciling many earlier discrepancies between theory and observations. Despite this reconciliation, CDM may not be an accurate model for our Universe. Much more work must be done to understand the predictions for galaxy formation within alternative dark matter models.
description: Refereed contribution to the Proceedings of the Simons Symposium on Illuminating Dark Matter, to be published by Springer
The impact of college quality on early labor market outcomes in China
Creators: Yu, Li
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Education and state
School management and organization
Economics
Education, Higher

description: This study aims to explore the impact of college quality on early labor market outcomes in China, including the fresh college graduates' initial employment status and starting wages for students who graduated in 2011. The main data source is the College Student Labor Market (CSLM) survey conducted by Tsinghua University.
      Distinguished from previous Chinese studies that merely utilized the broad and abstract college quality categories to measure college quality in China, input-based school resource indicators, including faculty-student ratio, proportion of faculty members holding doctoral degrees, average freshman National College Entrance Examination (NCEE) score, and teaching expenditure per student are collected to measure college quality in China for the first time.
      To identify the causal effect of college quality, the instrumental variable approach and the propensity score matching method are employed to account for the endogeneity of elite college attendance in addition to the traditional ordinary least squares (OLS) regression. To explore the heterogeneous effect of college quality varying by student and family background characteristics, a series of interaction terms are generated in the OLS regressions. The quantile regressions are employed to explore the effect of college quality varying by earning distribution. Moreover, the Heckman correction approach is used to test for potential sample selection bias.
      This study finds solid evidence that elite college attendance generally has a positive and statistically significant effect on the initial employment status and starting salaries for fresh college graduates who intend to work after college graduation. I find weak support for the existence of heterogeneous effect of college quality. Less-capable students tend to benefit more from attending elite colleges. However, the impact of college quality does not seem to vary by graduates' earning distribution. When using the input-based college quality measures, the results suggest that the quality gap does exist between elite and non-elite colleges in China and the major finding that there is a positive impact of college quality on the starting salary still holds. Some input indicators have stronger correlations with college graduates' starting wages than others.
title: Assessment of mechanical properties of structural materials for cryogenic application (June 1988): report
Creators: name: Rostásy, Ferdinand
Publisher: name: Institut für Baustoffe, Massivbau und Brandschutz (IBMB)
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Forschungsbericht
subject: IBMB
subject: Spannbeton
subject: Kälte
subject: Flüssiggas
subject: 62

description: Institut für Baustoffe, Massivbau und Brandschutz, IBMB, der Technischen Universität Braunschweig - Materialprüfanstalt für das Bauwesen - MPA Braunschweig, vol. 216