cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Astrometric orbits of spectral binary brown dwarfs I: Massive T dwarf companions to 2M1059$-$21 and 2M0805$+$48
Creators: name: Sahlmann, J.
name: Burgasser, A. J.
name: Gagliuffi, D. C. Bardalez
name: Lazorenko, P. F.
name: Ségransan, D.
name: Osorio, M. R. Zapatero
name: Blake, C. H.
name: Gelino, C. R.
name: Martín, E. L.
name: Bouy, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Near-infrared spectroscopic surveys have uncovered a population of short-period, blended-light spectral binaries composed of low-mass stars and brown dwarfs. These systems are amenable to orbit determination and individual mass measurements via astrometric monitoring. Here we present first results of a multi-year campaign to obtain high-precision absolute astrometry for spectral binaries using the Gemini-South and Gemini-North GMOS imagers. We measure the complete astrometric orbits for two systems: 2M0805$+$48 and 2M1059$-$21. Our astrometric orbit of 2M0805$+$48 is consistent with its 2-year radial velocity orbit determined previously and we find a mass of $66^{+5}_{-14} M_\mathrm{Jup}$ for its T5.5 companion. For 2M1059$-$21 we find a 1.9 year orbital period and a mass of $67^{+4}_{-5} M_\mathrm{Jup}$ for its T3.5 companion. We demonstrate that sub-milliarcsecond absolute astrometry can be obtained with both GMOS imagers and that this is an efficient avenue for confirming and characterising ultracool binary systems.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Stochastic Local Interaction Model: Geostatistics without Kriging
Creators: name: Hristopulos, Dionissios T.
name: Pavlides, Andreas
name: Agou, Vasiliki D.
name: Gkafa, Panagiota
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: G.3; I.6
subject: 62F10, 62H11, 62M30, 62P12, 62P30

description: Classical geostatistical methods face serious computational challenges if they are confronted with large sets of spatially distributed data. We present a simplified stochastic local interaction (SLI) model for computationally efficient spatial prediction that can handle large data. The SLI method constructs a spatial interaction matrix (precision matrix) that accounts for the data values, their locations, and the sampling density variations without user input. We show that this precision matrix is strictly positive definite. The SLI approach does not require matrix inversion for parameter estimation, spatial prediction, and uncertainty estimation, leading to computational procedures that are significantly less intensive computationally than kriging. The precision matrix involves compact kernel functions (spherical, quadratic, etc.) which enable the application of sparse matrix methods, thus improving computational time and memory requirements. We investigate the proposed SLI method with a data set that includes approximately 11500 drill-hole data of coal thickness from Campbell County (Wyoming, USA). We also compare SLI with ordinary kriging (OK) in terms of estimation performance, using cross validation analysis, and computational time. According to the validation measures used, SLI performs slightly better in estimating seam thickness than OK in terms of cross-validation measures. In terms of computation time, SLI prediction is 3 to 25 times (depending on the size of the kriging neighborhood) faster than OK for the same grid size.
description: 42 pages, 15 figures
Application of Remote Sensing in the Assessment of Oil Pollution Impacts on Biodiversity in Rivers State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Nkeiruka N. Onyia
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Biodiversity loss remains a global challenge, and monitoring methods are often limited in their coverage. Rivers State is a biodiversity hotspot because of the high number of endemic species endangered by oil pollution. This thesis investigates the potential of integrating remote sensing tools for monitoring biodiversity in the State using vascular plant species as indicators. Satellite data from Hyperion, Sentinel 2A and Landsat were analysed for their usefulness. Soil samples from polluted and control transects were analysed for total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), phosphorus (P), lead (Pb), temperature, acidity, species diversity, abundance and leaf chlorophyll concentration. Field data results showed significant differences in all variables between polluted and control transects. Average TPH on polluted transects was 12,296 mg/kg, and on control transects was 40.53 mg/kg. 163 plant species of 52 families were recorded with Poaceae and Cyperaceae the most abundant. Floristic data ordinated on orthogonal axes of soil parameters revealed that TPH strongly influenced species occurrence (r = -0.42) and abundance (r = -0.39). Similarly, application of the spectral variability hypothesis (SVH) revealed the underlying environmental gradient controlling vegetation composition on polluted transects as TPH and on control transects as P. Models of relationship between spectral metrics and soil properties estimated soil TPH (R2 = 0.45) and P (R2 = 0.62) with marginal errors. Hyperion data provided better insight into vegetation response to oil pollution. Continuum removed reflectance, band depths of absorption maxima, red edge reflectance all significantly differed between polluted and control vegetation. Furthermore, a new index created from TPH sensitive Hyperion wavelengths- normalised difference vegetation vigour index (NDVVI) outperformed traditional narrowband vegetation indices (NBVIs) in models estimating species diversity in Kporghor. R2 and RMSE values for Shannon’s index were 0.54 and 0.5 for NDVVI-based models and 0.2 and 0.67 for NBVI-based models respectively. This research provides evidence of oil pollution effect on vegetation composition, abundance, growth and reflectance and outlines how this information can be used for biodiversity monitoring.
Yoon AJP Exfoliome Supplemental Table 1 REVISED
Creators: name: Donovan, Sharon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60405 Gene Expression (incl. Microarray and other genome-wide approaches)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Table of genes detected in exfoliated cells and mucosa of piglet intestine.
Comparing Oral and Electronic Double Auction Markets: An Experimental Approach
Creators: name: Roberts, Clark A.
name: Forster, D. Lynn
name: Roberts, Clark A.
name: Forster, D. Lynn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The performances of electronic and double auction markets are compared. Experimental markets are conducted, with replication, using electronic and oral double auctions. Performance measures incorporate price levels, price stability, and quantities traded. Performance measures are significantly higher for electronic than oral markets.
Spontaneous violation of CP symmetry in the strong interactions
Creators: name: Creutz, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some time ago Dashen pointed out that spontaneous CP violation can occur in the strong interactions. I show how a simple effective Lagrangian exposes the remarkably large domain of quark mass parameters for which this occurs. I close with some warnings for lattice simulations.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure; final version to appear in PRL
Early career primary teachers’ perceptions of the influences on their teaching of mathematics – a longitudinal study
Creators: name: Godfrey, Alison M.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Newly qualified primary teachers in England enter a varied environment in terms of schools’ approaches to the learning and teaching of mathematics and provision for their ongoing learning and development as teachers of the subject. Previous research suggests that in addition to factors related to their school context, potential influences on their evolving practice relate to their beliefs about the learning and teaching of mathematics; their subject knowledge, emotions and attitudes towards mathematics, and their self-efficacy as teachers of the subject; and their proactivity in response to their own reflection on practice. This qualitative longitudinal study extends the existing literature by exploring these influences from the perspectives of teachers themselves. Eight pre-service primary teachers, with a range of mathematical backgrounds, are followed from the end of their teaching course through their first two years as qualified teachers, with detailed evidence gained from five interviews with each teacher. Key features of the methodology are the creative use of participant generated visual data collection techniques, including ‘influence maps’ which enabled participants to describe and present the interacting influences on them, and the innovative use of mind mapping to reduce and analyse the data whilst retaining its cohesiveness. Through their narratives, teachers’ perspectives on the personal and complex nature of these influences are highlighted and deeper insights are provided into how these interrelate, enabling an extended theoretical model to be presented. The research findings have implications for providers of initial teacher education as they seek to effectively prepare teachers of mathematics, or early career teachers and those seeking to support their further development, and for national policy makers as they consider future policy related to primary mathematics. It will also be of interest to the mathematics education research community in their continuing focus on teacher learning and development and other researchers using qualitative longitudinal approaches.
Weakly supervised segmentation from extreme points
Creators: name: Roth, Holger
name: Zhang, Ling
name: Yang, Dong
name: Milletari, Fausto
name: Xu, Ziyue
name: Wang, Xiaosong
name: Xu, Daguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Annotation of medical images has been a major bottleneck for the development of accurate and robust machine learning models. Annotation is costly and time-consuming and typically requires expert knowledge, especially in the medical domain. Here, we propose to use minimal user interaction in the form of extreme point clicks in order to train a segmentation model that can, in turn, be used to speed up the annotation of medical images. We use extreme points in each dimension of a 3D medical image to constrain an initial segmentation based on the random walker algorithm. This segmentation is then used as a weak supervisory signal to train a fully convolutional network that can segment the organ of interest based on the provided user clicks. We show that the network's predictions can be refined through several iterations of training and prediction using the same weakly annotated data. Ultimately, our method has the potential to speed up the generation process of new training datasets for the development of new machine learning and deep learning-based models for, but not exclusively, medical image analysis.
description: Accepted at the MICCAI Workshop for Large-scale Annotation of Biomedical data and Expert Label Synthesis, Shenzen, China, 2019
COMPETITION AND PRICE RELATIONSHIPS FOR AN ELECTRONIC MARKET
Creators: name: Sporleder, Thomas L.
name: Colling, Phil L.
name: Sporleder, Thomas L.
name: Colling, Phil L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: A typical structural characterization of producer-first handler commodity markets is competitive sellers facing oligopsonistic buyers. New evidence is presented which suggests that each additional bidder in an electronic market results in nearly 3 percent added to price, net of the effects of quality and location variables. This evidence reinforces the importance of buyer competition to producers.
Spintronic single qubit gate based on a quantum ring with spin-orbit interaction
Creators: name: Foldi, Peter
name: Molnar, Balazs
name: Benedict, Mihaly G.
name: Peeters, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a quantum ring connected with two external leads the spin properties of an incoming electron are modified by the spin-orbit interaction resulting in a transformation of the qubit state carried by the spin. The ring acts as a one qubit spintronic quantum gate whose properties can be varied by tuning the Rashba parameter of the spin-orbit interaction, by changing the relative position of the junctions, as well as by the size of the ring. We show that a large class of unitary transformations can be attained with already one ring -- or a few rings in series -- including the important cases of the Z, X, and Hadamard gates. By choosing appropriate parameters the spin transformations can be made unitary, which corresponds to lossless gates.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Non-Markovian quantum dynamics: What is it good for?
Creators: name: Li, C. -F.
name: Guo, G. -C.
name: Piilo, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent developments in practical quantum engineering and control techniques have allowed significant developments for experimental studies of open quantum systems and decoherence engineering. Indeed, it has become possible to test experimentally various theoretical, mathematical, and physical concepts related to non-Markovian quantum dynamics. This includes experimental characterization and quantification of non-Markovian memory effects and proof-of-principle demonstrations how to use them for certain quantum communication and information tasks. We describe here recent experimental advances for open system studies, focussing in particular to non-Markovian dynamics including the applications of memory effects, and discuss the possibilities for ultimate control of decoherence and open system dynamics.
description: 7 pages. Perspective Article on the experiments of non-Markovian quantum dynamics
Generalized phantom energy
Creators: name: Stefancic, Hrvoje
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine cosmological models with generalized phantom energy (GPE). Generalized phantom energy satisfies the supernegative equation of state, but its evolution with the scale factor is generally independent, i.e. not determined by its equation of state. The requirement of general covariance makes the gravitational constant time-dependent. It is found that a large class of distinct GPE models with different evolution of generalized phantom energy density and gravitational constant, but the same equation of state of GPE have the same evolution of the scale factor of the universe in the distant future. The time dependence of the equation of state parameter determines whether the universe will end in a de Sitter-like phase or diverge in finite time with the accompanying "Big Rip" effect on the bound structures.
description: v1: 9 pages. v2: version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Variational Estimates using a Discrete Variable Representation
Creators: name: Lombardi, M.
name: Barletta, P.
name: Kievsky, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The advantage of using a Discrete Variable Representation (DVR) is that the Hamiltonian of two interacting particles can be constructed in a very simple form. However the DVR Hamiltonian is approximate and, as a consequence, the results cannot be considered as variational ones. We will show that the variational character of the results can be restored by performing a reduced number of integrals. In practice, for a variational description of the lowest n bound states only n(n+1)/2 integrals are necessary whereas D(D+1)/2 integrals are enough for the scattering states (D is the dimension of the S matrix). Applications of the method to the study of dimers of He, Ne and Ar, for both bound and scattering states, are presented.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures. Minor changes (title modified, typos corrected, 1 reference added). To be published in PRA
Echiniscus nigripustulatus Horning, Schuster & Grigarick 1978
Creators: name: Pilato, Giovanni
name: Binda, Maria Grazia
name: Lisi, Oscar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Tardigrada
Heterotardigrada
Echiniscoidea
Echiniscidae
Echiniscus
Echiniscus nigripustulatus

description: Echiniscus nigripustulatus Horning, Schuster & Grigarick, 1978 (Fig. 9 A)
 Material examined: South Island, Arthurs Pass National Park, Halpin Creek: one specimen —considered paratype by Horning et al. (1978) —from a sample of Acrobolus cinerascens (hepatic) and Bartramia halleriana ( moss) on rock face.
 The description of the cuticular sculpture of E. nigripustulatus is misleading. Horning et al. (1978) wrote: “Dorsal plates with weak polygonal pattern on scapular plate (Fig. 13); remaining plates with pores of irregular size and spacing and with some large (to 3 m diameter), opaque granules (Fig. 13)”. According to this description the sculpture of the scapular plate seems to be very different from that of the other plates. In the paratype we examined, we noted that large circular granules surrounded by some pores are present on all plates (Fig. 9 A). The circular granules are thick and therefore can appear dark. The sculpture is less regular on the median portion of the scapular and terminal plates, more regular on the lateral portions of all plates. A smooth transversal band is present on the paired plates II and III whose anterior portions have dark granules but lack pores. Ventral surface with very fine, almost invisible dots.
Legs without dark granules. The teeth of the dentate fringe on the fourth pair of legs are very sharp. The dimensions of some structures of the examined paratype are provided in Table 1.
description: Published as part of Pilato, Giovanni, Binda, Maria Grazia & Lisi, Oscar, 2005, Remarks on some Echiniscidae (Heterotardigrada) from New Zealand with the description of two new species, pp. 27-45 in Zootaxa 1027 (1) on pages 27-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1027.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5050047
Essays On The Performance Related Pay Policies And Teachers Turnover In England
Creators: name: Olubunmi A. Ajala
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis consists of three chapters discussing incentive pay for teachers and understanding teachers turnover in England. The first chapter evaluates the impact of the 1999 performance-related pay policy (PRP), for teachers in England on pupils' academic performance. Using the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement data (TIMSS), which links pupils with their teachers, we assess the policy's impact on pupils' scores in science and mathematics. We utilise a difference-in-differences methodology and find the policy to have a significant positive impact on mathematics, whereas the impact on science is significantly negative. The second chapter evaluates the impact of the 2013 PRP on teachers' intention to leave the job. Using the 2007-2018 Quarterly Labour Force Survey (OLFS) and a difference-in-differences estimator, we find that the policy has resulted in a significant reduction in the teachers' intention to leave their job by 1.3 percentage points. This amounts to a reduction in the magnitude of approximately 13%. We find no heterogeneous policy impacts across gender. The third chapter examines whether primary and secondary school teachers can be treated as homogeneous when tackling the problem of teacher shortage. We analyse primary and secondary school teachers' turnover rates in England, using a duration framework. Our result from the sample of teachers in the 2007- 2017 QLFS shows that the turnover rate is not the same for primary and secondary school teachers. Within the first four years of joining teaching, secondary school teachers' turnover ratio decreases on average by 64.87% while primary teachers' ratio increased by 18.83% relative to the turnover ratio in the first year. We also find the teachers' turnover rates to be duration dependent and different across areas.
Coulomb blockade and Quantum Critical Points in Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Anders, Frithjof B.
name: Lebanon, Eran
name: Schiller, Avraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An ultrasmall quantum dot coupled to a lead and to a quantum box (a large quantum dot) is investigated. Tuning the tunneling amplitudes to the lead and box, we find a line of unstable non-Fermi-liquid fixed points as function of the gate potentials of the quantum dots, extending to arbitrary charging energies on the small and large quantum dots. These quantum-critical fixed points possess a finite residual entropy. They govern the cross over from one Fermi-liquid regime to another, characterized by distinct (high and low) conductance values.
description: 2 pages, 3 figures, Elsevier Science style
Locality of symmetries generated by nonhereditary, inhomogeneous, and time-dependent recursion operators: a new application for formal symmetries
Creators: name: Sergyeyev, Artur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the methods of the theory of formal symmetries, we obtain new easily verifiable sufficient conditions for a recursion operator to produce a hierarchy of local generalized symmetries. An important advantage of our approach is that under certain mild assumptions it allows to bypass the cumbersome check of hereditariness of the recursion operator in question, what is particularly useful for the study of symmetries of newly discovered integrable systems. What is more, unlike the earlier work, the homogeneity of recursion operators and symmetries under a scaling is not assumed as well. An example of nonhereditary recursion operator generating a hierarchy of local symmetries is presented.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX 2e, submitted to Acta Appl. Math
An adaptive finite element/finite difference domain decomposition method for applications in microwave imaging
Creators: name: Beilina, Larisa
name: Lindström, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A new domain decomposition method for Maxwell's equations in conductive media is presented. Using this method reconstruction algorithms are developed for determination of dielectric permittivity function using time-dependent scattered data of electric field. All reconstruction algorithms are based on optimization approach to find stationary point of the Lagrangian. Adaptive reconstruction algorithms and space mesh refinement indicators are also presented. Our computational tests show qualitative reconstruction of dielectric permittivity function using anatomically realistic breast phantom.
Assembling Everyday Geographies of Survivability in Kidney Transfer
Creators: name: Smith, Hannah M.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis examines the everyday experiences and geographies of survivability in kidney transfer. Literature has noted that the lived realities of kidney transfer are characterised by precarity and liminality. Yet, there has been little engagement in critical discussions about how this precarity and liminality operate relationally, spatially and temporally in everyday life. Relatedly, biomedical approaches in kidney transfer reduce survival to statistics and metrics, ignoring aspects of survival that are situated beyond treatment adherence, care interventions and the individual patient. Using a new materialist, feminist and Deleuzian approach, this thesis addresses these gaps by exploring the dynamic relations and affects of living on and with kidney transfer. A contingent methodological approach is developed, which utilises interviews, observations and participant produced photography and elicitation. I begin by exploring how embodied experiences of survivability in kidney transfer occur across and between the intersecting registers of the bodily interior, exterior and body-in-space, where the role and agency of matter are ever present. I then investigate how everyday embodied experiences sit within wider assemblages of care and survivability and explore how heterogeneous entities provisionally assemble through kidney transfer care to enable or inhibit survivability. Lastly, I examine the ways in which experiences of survivability operate spatially and collaboratively through (dis)engagements with the wider world and a diversity of heterogeneous actants, agencies and relations. Rather than reducing survival to an individual, biomedically oriented scale, I demonstrate the value in attending to the intricate specificities of survivability; the situated relationships that people (re)negotiate with the wider world whilst living on or surviving. Overall, this thesis develops a conceptual framework for future research within health geography to attend to survivability and I propose four key elements that offer possible resources for challenging the ways in which geographers engage with ideas of survival and survivability.
Determinants of enterprise's financial security
Creators: name: Britchenko, Igor
name: Larysa, Larysa
name: Hrynyuk, Nataliya
name: Trynchuk, Viktor
name: Levchenko, Valentyna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 350202
subject: Finance
classificationCode: 380107
subject: Financial economics
classificationCode: 480707
subject: Welfare, insurance, disability and social security law
classificationCode: 460407
subject: System and network security

description: Our main purpose of the article was to substantiate the methodical approach to assess the enterprise's financial security based on the use of a model set for determining its parameters depending on the characteristics of financing activities and the associated level of risk. The proposed approach created opportunities to determine the parameters of the enterprise's financial security on the scale "level – status – position – zone" in the process of current and strategic management of not only financial security, but also the success of the enterprise as a whole. Based on the financial statements of Ukrainian enterprises by type of economic activity, the key financial indicators calculated and the parameters of their financial security over the past 9 years were determined. The research confirmed the decisive impact on the enterprise's financial security, the features of financing their activities, and the associated risk level. The practical use of the proposed approach proved that it is a convenient, understandable and informative tool for determining the parameters of the enterprise's financial security by the major indicators: Financial stability, liquidity, profitability, and activity financing risk.
Osculating Random Walks on Cylinders
Creators: name: Mitra, Saibal
name: Nienhuis, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider random paths on a square lattice which take a left or a right turn at every vertex. The possible turns are taken with equal probability, except at a vertex which has been visited before. In such case the vertex is left via the unused edge. When the initial edge is reached the path is considered completed. We also consider families of such paths which together cover every edge of the lattice once and visit every vertex twice. Because these paths may touch but not intersect each other and themselves, we call them osculating walks. The ensemble of such families is also known as the dense O$(n=1)$ model. We consider in particular such paths in a cylindrical geometry, with the cylindrical axis parallel with one of the lattice directions. We formulate a conjecture for the probability that a face of the lattice is surrounded by $m$ distinct osculating paths. For even system sizes we give a conjecture for the probability that a path winds round the cylinder. For odd system sizes we conjecture the probability that a point is visited by a path spanning the infinite length of the cylinder. Finally we conjecture an expression for the asymptotics of a binomial determinant.
description: 7 pages
Antechiniscus conversus Horning & Schuster 1983
Creators: name: Pilato, Giovanni
name: Binda, Maria Grazia
name: Lisi, Oscar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Tardigrada
Heterotardigrada
Echiniscoidea
Echiniscidae
Antechiniscus
Antechiniscus conversus

description: Antechiniscus conversus Horning & Schuster, 1983 (Fig. 9 B, C)
 Material examined: South Island, Canaan Road Terminus, Abel Tasman Park: one paratype from a sample of lichen on a tree. Unfortunately the photos are not optimal due to the poor quality of the specimen.
The plate cuticle has a very evident granulation (with granules that appear clear or dark in different focus positions) and smaller granules. The fine granulation is present on the head plate, on the neck plate, on the median plates 1, 2 and 3 and on the marginal portions of all other plates. The ventral surface seems to be smooth. A band of small granules is present on the legs. The fourth pair of legs without a dentate fringe.
description: Published as part of Pilato, Giovanni, Binda, Maria Grazia & Lisi, Oscar, 2005, Remarks on some Echiniscidae (Heterotardigrada) from New Zealand with the description of two new species, pp. 27-45 in Zootaxa 1027 (1) on pages 27-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1027.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5050047
The Diffusion of Computer Technologies: Evidence from California
Creators: name: Putler, Daniel S.
name: Zilberman, David
name: Putler, Daniel S.
name: Zilberman, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Empirical analysis shows that the likelihood of adoption of computers in California increases with farm size and complexity, and with farmer's education. Computers are mostly used for record keeping and accounting purposes, but there are significant levels in the use of managerial applications, especially amoung dairy and swine operations.
IOPTIMIZATION OF IRRIGATION SCHEDULING WITH ---- ALTERNATIVE SALINE WATER SUPPLIES
Creators: name: Lansford, R.R.
name: McGuckin, T.
name: Mapel, C.L.
name: Sammis, T.W.
name: Lansford, R.R.
name: McGuckin, T.
name: Mapel, C.L.
name: Sammis, T.W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Agribusiness
Farm Management
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The objective of this paper was to evaluate an economic-based irrigation scheduling model that combines fresh and saline water to • maximize farm profits. Results indicate saline water can be used for irrigated agriculture and that allowing unlimited pumping of saline water could increase farm profitability.
A Parametric Model of Stochastic Production
Creators: name: Nelson, Carl
name: Nelson, Carl
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1986
Subjects: Production Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: A parametric model of stochastic production is proposed and demonstrated. The parametric model treats output as a random variable with a distribution that is conditional on inputs. Maximum likelihood estimation of the model is shown to produce consistent and asymptotically efficient estimates.
Bayesian Methods for Joint Exoplanet Transit Detection and Systematic Noise Characterization
Creators: name: Taaki, Jamila
name: Kamalabadi, Farzad
name: Kemball, Athol J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The treatment of systematic noise is a significant aspect of transit exoplanet data processing due to the signal strength of systematic noise relative to a transit signal. Typically the standard approach to transit detection is to estimate and remove systematic noise independently of and prior to a transit detection test. If a transit signal is present in a light curve, the process of systematic noise removal may distort the transit signal by overfitting and thereby reduce detection efficiency. We present a Bayesian framework for joint detection of transit signals and systematic noise characterization and describe the implementation of these detectors as optimal Neyman-Pearson likelihood ratio tests. The joint detectors reduce to closed form as matched filters under the assumption of a Gaussian Bayesian prior for the systematic noise. The performance of the exploratory detectors was evaluated in injection tests and show $\sim 2\%$ improvement in overall detection efficiency relative to the standard approach. We find that joint detection efficiency is specifically improved for short-period, low transit-depth exoplanet transits, providing evidence in support of the hypothesis that joint detection may indeed help to mitigate overfitting. In addition, an initial feasibility test to detect known exoplanets in Kepler data using the joint detectors produced encouraging preliminary results.
3D-Imaging and Quantification of Magnetic Nanoparticle Uptake by Living Cells
Creators: name: Paysen, Hendrik
name: Loewa, Norbert
name: Stach, Anke
name: Wells, James
name: Kosch, Olaf
name: Twamley, Shailey
name: Makowski, Marcus R.
name: Schaeffter, Tobias
name: Ludwig, Antje
name: Wiekhorst, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a non-invasive, non-ionizing imaging technique for the visualization and quantification of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The technique is especially suitable for cell imaging as it offers zero background contribution from the surrounding tissue, high sensitivity, and good spatial and temporal resolutions. Previous studies have demonstrated that the dynamic magnetic behaviour of MNPs changes during cellular binding and internalization. In this study, we demonstrate how this information is encoded in the MPI imaging signal. Through MPI imaging we are able to discriminate between free and cell-bound MNPs in reconstructed images. This technique was used to image and quantify the changes that occur in-vitro when free MNPs come into contact with cells and undergo cellularuptake over time. The quantitative MPI results were verified by a phenanthroline assay. The results showed a mean relative difference of 23.8% for the quantification of cell-bound MNPs. The insights gained from such observations provide a new window into fundamental biological processes and associated pathological changes occurring at a cellular level. This technique could therefore offer new opportunities for the early diagnosis of inflammatory diseases.
description: 9 pages (+2 pages supplementary methods)
Fully refractive adaptive optics fluorescence microscope using an optofluidic wavefront modulator
Creators: name: Rajaeipour, Pouya
name: Dorn, Alex
name: Banerjee, Kaustubh
name: Zappe, Hans
name: Ataman, Çağlar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adaptive optics (AO) is a powerful image correction technique with proven benefits for many life-science microscopy methods. However, the complexity of adding a reflective wavefront modulator and a wavefront sensor into already complicated microscope has made AO prohibitive for its widespread adaptation in microscopy systems. We present here the design and performance of a compact fluorescence microscope using a fully refractive optofluidic wavefront modulator yielding imaging performance on par with that of conventional deformable mirrors, both in correction fidelity and articulation. We combine this device with a modal sensorless wavefront estimation algorithm that uses spatial frequency content of acquired images as a quality metric and thereby demonstrate a completely in-line adaptive optics microscope which can perform aberration correction up to 4$^{th}$ radial order of Zernike modes. This entirely new concept for adaptive optics microscopy may prove to extend the performance limits and widespread applicability of AO in life science imaging.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Optics Express
Aggregate Production, Income, and Financial Effects of the 1980-83 Recession in Agriculture
Creators: name: Brake, John R.
name: Brake, John R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: Agricultural Finance
Production Economics

description: My charge in this paper is to describe some of the aggregate effects of changes in the agricultural sector during the 1980-83 period. Our overall title refers to the 1980-83 recession, but one might question what constitutes a recession for a sector of the economy. The agricultural sector is not a homogeneous sector. Some segments had some good years, and gross receipts of the sector were both up and down over the period. Total cash receipts in current dollars increased from 1979 until 1982 but dropped off in 1983. In constant dollars, however, total cash receipts did decrease each year from 1979 through 1983. (Note tables and figures attached.)
Towards a first principles description of phonons in Ni$_{50}$Pt$_{50}$ disordered alloys: the role of relaxation
Creators: name: Ghosh, Subhradip
name: Neaton, J. B.
name: Antons, Armin H.
name: Leath, P. L.
name: Cohen, Morrel H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a combination of density-functional perturbation theory and the itinerant coherent potential approximation, we study the effects of atomic relaxation on the inelastic incoherent neutron scattering cross sections of disordered Ni$_{50}$Pt$_{50}$ alloys. We build on previous work, where empirical force constants were adjusted {\it ad hoc} to agree with experiment. After first relaxing all structural parameters within the local-density approximation for ordered NiPt compounds, density-functional perturbation theory is then used to compute phonon spectra, densities of states, and the force constants. The resulting nearest-neighbor force constants are first compared to those of other ordered structures of different stoichiometry, and then used to generate the inelastic scattering cross sections within the itinerant coherent potential approximation. We find that structural relaxation substantially affects the computed force constants and resulting inelastic cross sections, and that the effect is much more pronounced in random alloys than in ordered alloys.
description: 8 pages, 3 eps figures, uses revtex4
On the Relationship Between Transit Time of ICMEs and Strength of the Initiated Geomagnetic Storms
Creators: name: Chertok, I. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: More than 140 isolated non-recurrent geomagnetic storms (GMSs) of various intensities from extreme to weak are considered, which are reliably identified with solar eruptive sources (coronal mass ejections, CMEs). The analysis aims to obtain a possibly complete picture of the relationship between the transit time of propagation of CMEs and interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) from the Sun to the Earth (more precisely, the time interval dtp from the moment of an eruption until the peak of the corresponding GMS) and the maximum intensity of this GMS, as measured by the disturbance storm time geomagnetic index Dst. Two groups of events are singled out: one includes GMSs, the source of which was an eruption from an active region (AR events), the other GMSs caused by filament eruptions from quiescent areas of the Sun located outside ARs (QS events). The distribution of the large number of the analyzed events on a dtp - Dst plane confirms and substantially clarifies the known regularities. The AR events are characterized by a shorter transit time (dtp ~ 1-4 days) and much stronger GMSs (Dst up to -600 nT mainly) in comparison with the QS events (dtp ~ 3-5 days, Dst > -200 nT). For events of both groups, the shorter transit time of CMEs/ICMEs, the more intense GMSs; in particular, for AR events when dtp declines from 4 to 1 day, Dst decreases on average from -100 to -470 nT and can reach -900 nT. From the point of view of the nature of GMSs and their sources on the Sun, the obtained results mean that both the speed of CMEs/ICMEs and the strength of the magnetic field transferred by them are largely determined by the parameters of the corresponding eruptions, in particular, by the eruptive magnetic flux and the released energy.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure, accepted
Antechiniscus perplexus Horning & Schuster 1983
Creators: name: Pilato, Giovanni
name: Binda, Maria Grazia
name: Lisi, Oscar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Tardigrada
Heterotardigrada
Echiniscoidea
Echiniscidae
Antechiniscus
Antechiniscus perplexus

description: Antechiniscus perplexus Horning & Schuster, 1983 (Fig. 10)
 Material examined: South Island, Canaan Road Terminus, Abel Tasman Park: one paratype from a sample of lichen on a tree.
The cuticular sculpture is double (Fig. 10): evident granulation and refracting points (named pores by Horning & Schuster) are present on all plates. The granulation is more evident on the median plates 1, 2 and 3, on the terminal plate and the lateral and posterior portions of the paired plates; the pores are more evident on the scapular and terminal plates. The ventral surface seems to be smooth. The fourth pair of legs without a dentate fringe.
description: Published as part of Pilato, Giovanni, Binda, Maria Grazia & Lisi, Oscar, 2005, Remarks on some Echiniscidae (Heterotardigrada) from New Zealand with the description of two new species, pp. 27-45 in Zootaxa 1027 (1) on pages 27-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1027.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5050047
Nonlinear System Identification: Learning while respecting physical models using a sequential Monte Carlo method
Creators: name: Wigren, Anna
name: Wågberg, Johan
name: Lindsten, Fredrik
name: Wills, Adrian
name: Schön, Thomas B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Identification of nonlinear systems is a challenging problem. Physical knowledge of the system can be used in the identification process to significantly improve the predictive performance by restricting the space of possible mappings from the input to the output. Typically, the physical models contain unknown parameters that must be learned from data. Classical methods often restrict the possible models or have to resort to approximations of the model that introduce biases. Sequential Monte Carlo methods enable learning without introducing any bias for a more general class of models. In addition, they can also be used to approximate a posterior distribution of the model parameters in a Bayesian setting. This article provides a general introduction to sequential Monte Carlo and shows how it naturally fits in system identification by giving examples of specific algorithms. The methods are illustrated on two systems: a system with two cascaded water tanks with possible overflow in both tanks and a compartmental model for the spreading of a disease.
description: 52 pages, 13 figures
Effectiveness of Constraint Therapy in Children with Hemiplegia: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Dhaliwall, Aman
name: Hales, Michael
name: Honarbakhsh, Behnad
name: Hunt, Meggan
name: Peters, Laura
name: Roxborough, Lori
Publisher: name: Irving K. Barber Learning Centre
Year: 2006

description: Systematic Review Presentations - Master of Physical Therapy Graduating Students, University of British Columbia - 2006, Presented on September 14-15, 2006 , Vancouver, BC, Canada. MPT Systematic Reviews and Research Projects.
A Bayesian-based approach to improving acoustic Born waveform inversion of seismic data for viscoelastic media
Creators: name: Muhumuza, Kenneth
name: Roininen, Lassi
name: Huttunen, Janne M. J.
name: Lähivaara, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In seismic waveform inversion, the reconstruction of the subsurface properties is usually carried out using approximative wave propagation models to ensure computational efficiency. The viscoelastic nature of the subsurface is often unaccounted for, and two popular approximations--the acoustic and linearized Born inversion--are widely used. This leads to reconstruction errors since the approximations ignore realistic (physical) aspects of seismic wave propagation in the heterogeneous earth. In this study, we show that the Bayesian approximation error approach can be used to partially recover from errors, addressing elastic and viscous effects in acoustic Born inversion for viscoelastic media. The results of numerical examples indicate that neglecting the modelling errors induced by the approximations results in very poor recovery of the subsurface velocity fields.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures