cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pipeline Collector: gathering performance data for distributed astronomical pipelines
Creators: name: Mechev, Alexandar P.
name: Plaat, Aske
name: Oonk, J. B. Raymond
name: Intema, Huib T.
name: Röttgering, Huub J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: D.2.8

description: Modern astronomical data processing requires complex software pipelines to process ever growing datasets. For radio astronomy, these pipelines have become so large that they need to be distributed across a computational cluster. This makes it difficult to monitor the performance of each pipeline step. To gain insight into the performance of each step, a performance monitoring utility needs to be integrated with the pipeline execution. In this work we have developed such a utility and integrated it with the calibration pipeline of the Low Frequency Array, LOFAR, a leading radio telescope. We tested the tool by running the pipeline on several different compute platforms and collected the performance data. Based on this data, we make well informed recommendations on future hardware and software upgrades. The aim of these upgrades is to accelerate the slowest processing steps for this LOFAR pipeline. The pipeline collector suite is open source and will be incorporated in future LOFAR pipelines to create a performance database for all LOFAR processing.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures, Astronomy and Computing, 2018, ISSN 2213-1337
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions de Dijon et du Dijonnais (XVe siècle), Cart. 175 (11 H 479), 115 folios, f. 0214
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2017
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions de Dijon et du Dijonnais (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 175 (11 H 479), 115 folios, f. 0214, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions de Dijon et du Dijonnais (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 175 (11 H 479), 115 folios, f. 0214, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Nolanea P. Kumm.
Creators: name: Karunarathna, Samantha C.
name: Priyashantha, K Hasith
name: Tibpromma, Saowaluck
name: Galappaththi, Mahesh C. A.
name: Premarathne, Bhagya M.
name: Wijayawardene, Nalin N.
name: Wimalasena, Madhara K.
name: Jayalal, Udeni
name: Wickramanayake, Kawmini D.
name: Dangalla, Hasanka
name: Jayathunga, Hashini
name: Brahmanage, Rashika S.
name: Weerakoon, Gothamie
name: Ariyawansa, Kahandawa G. S. U.
name: Yapa, Neelamanie
name: Nanayakkara, Chandrika M.
name: Ediriweera, Surani
name: Fan, Xin-Lei
name: Kirk, Paul M.
name: Zhang, Gui-Qing
name: Ediriweera, Aseni
name: Bhat, Jayarama
name: Dawoud, Turki M.
name: Kumara, Wasantha
name: Deng, Chun Ying
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Agaricales
Entolomataceae
Nolanea

description: Nolanea (Fr.) P. Kumm.
  N. apiculata  Petch, Ann. R. bot. Gdns Peradeniya 9: 216 (1924) /IF: 257056
 Current Name: Entoloma acuminatum E. Horak, Beih. Nova Hedwigia 65: 183 (1980) / New classification: Entolomataceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes)
Typification Details: Holotype PDD 74721, On soil, Sri Lanka
Reference: Petch (1924b)
description: Published as part of Karunarathna, Samantha C., Priyashantha, K Hasith, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Galappaththi, Mahesh C. A., Premarathne, Bhagya M., Wijayawardene, Nalin N., Wimalasena, Madhara K., Jayalal, Udeni, Wickramanayake, Kawmini D., Dangalla, Hasanka, Jayathunga, Hashini, Brahmanage, Rashika S., Weerakoon, Gothamie, Ariyawansa, Kahandawa G. S. U., Yapa, Neelamanie, Nanayakkara, Chandrika M., Ediriweera, Surani, Fan, Xin-Lei, Kirk, Paul M., Zhang, Gui-Qing, Ediriweera, Aseni, Bhat, Jayarama, Dawoud, Turki M., Kumara, Wasantha & Deng, Chun Ying, 2023, Checklist, typification details, and nomenclature status of Basidiomycota, originally described from Sri Lanka, pp. 1-86 in Phytotaxa 621 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.621.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10065102
title: 01_1560
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Probing Large Extra Dimensions with Neutrinos
Creators: name: Dvali, Gia
name: Smirnov, Alexei Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study implications of theories with sub-millimeter extra dimensions and $M_f \sim (1 - 10) $ TeV scale quantum gravity for neutrino physics. In these theories, the left-handed neutrinos as well as other standard model (SM) particles, are localized on a brane embedded in the bulk of large extra space. Mixing of neutrinos with (SM) singlet fermions propagating in the bulk is naturally suppressed by the volume factor $M_f/M_P \sim 3\cdot 10^{-16} - 3\cdot 10^{-15}$, where $M_P$ is the Planck mass. Properties of the neutrino oscillations and the resonance conversion to the bulk fermions are considered. We show that the resonance conversion of the electron neutrinos to the light bulk fermions can solve the solar neutrino problem. The signature of the solution is the peculiar distortion of the solar neutrino spectrum. The solution implies that the radius of at least one extra dimension should be in the range 0.06 - 0.1 mm {\it irrespective} of total number of extra dimensions. The corresponding modification of the Newtonian law is within the range of sensitivity of proposed sub-millimeter experiments, thus providing a verifiable link between neutrino physics and the gravity measurements.
description: LaTeX, 23 pages and 1 figure, slight revision of the manuscript, new discussion added, several formulas corrected
Competing Orders and Ultrafast Energy Transfer at the Quantum Limit in a Nb$_3$Sn Superconductor Probed by Terahertz Electrodynamics
Creators: name: Yang, X.
name: Zhao, X.
name: Vaswani, C.
name: Sundahl, C.
name: Yao, Y.
name: Mootz, M.
name: Orth, P. P.
name: Kang, J. H.
name: Perakis, I. E.
name: Wang, C-Z
name: Ho, K-M
name: Eom, C. B.
name: Wang, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the low-energy electrodynamics of a moderately clean A15 superconductor (SC) following ultrafast excitation to understand and manipulate terahertz (THz) quasi--particle (QP) transport by tuning pump photoexcitation of from competing orders. Using 35-fs optical pulses, we observe a non-thermal enhancement in the low frequency conductivity, opposite to that observed for THz pump, which persists up to an additional critical temperature, above the SC one, from an electronic order in the Martensitic normal state. In the SC state, the fluence dependence of pair breaking kinetics together with an analytic model provides evidence for a `one photon-to-one pair' non-resonant energy transfer during the laser pulse. Such initial transfer of photon energy $\hbarω$ to QPs at the {\em quantum} limit, set by $2Δ_{SC}/\hbarω$=0.33$\%$, is more than one order of magnitude smaller than in previously studied BCS SCs, which we attribute to strong electron--phonon coupling and possible influence of phonon condensation in A15 SCs.
description: 5 pages 4 figures
MPEC 2024-U48 : 2024 UP
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 UP

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Standing Spin Wave Resonances in Manganite Films
Creators: name: Lofland, S. E.
name: Bhagat, S. M.
name: Kwon, C.
name: Robson, M. C.
name: Ramesh, R.
name: Sharma, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first observation of spin wave resonances in 110 nm thick films of LBMO. The spin wave stiffness follows $D$ = 47 (1 - 3 \times 10$_{-7}$ $T^{5/2}$) meV${Å_2}$.
description: 5 pages LATEX, 3 figures available on request. Submitted to Nature. Please send all queries to sb27@umail.umd.edu
End-to-end distance and contour length distribution functions of DNA helices
Creators: name: Zoli, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We present a computational method to evaluate the end-to-end and the contour length distribution functions of short DNA molecules described by a mesoscopic Hamiltonian. The method generates a large statistical ensemble of possible configurations for each dimer in the sequence, selects the global equilibrium twist conformation for the molecule and determines the average base pair distances along the molecule backbone. Integrating over the base pair radial and angular fluctuations, we derive the room temperature distribution functions as a function of the sequence length. The obtained values for the most probable end-to-end distance and contour length distance, providing a measure of the global molecule size, are used to examine the DNA flexibility at short length scales. It is found that, also in molecules with less than $\sim 60$ base pairs, coiled configurations maintain a large statistical weight and, consistently, the persistence lengths may be much smaller than in kilo-base DNA.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Hygrocybe alutaceus Berk. & Broome, J. Linn. Soc., Bot.
Creators: name: Karunarathna, Samantha C.
name: Priyashantha, K Hasith
name: Tibpromma, Saowaluck
name: Galappaththi, Mahesh C. A.
name: Premarathne, Bhagya M.
name: Wijayawardene, Nalin N.
name: Wimalasena, Madhara K.
name: Jayalal, Udeni
name: Wickramanayake, Kawmini D.
name: Dangalla, Hasanka
name: Jayathunga, Hashini
name: Brahmanage, Rashika S.
name: Weerakoon, Gothamie
name: Ariyawansa, Kahandawa G. S. U.
name: Yapa, Neelamanie
name: Nanayakkara, Chandrika M.
name: Ediriweera, Surani
name: Fan, Xin-Lei
name: Kirk, Paul M.
name: Zhang, Gui-Qing
name: Ediriweera, Aseni
name: Bhat, Jayarama
name: Dawoud, Turki M.
name: Kumara, Wasantha
name: Deng, Chun Ying
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Agaricales
Hygrophoraceae
Hygrocybe
Hygrocybe alutaceus

description: H. alutaceus Berk. & Broome, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 11 (no. 56): 563 (1871)/IF: 204073
Typification Details: Holotype K (M), Gardner 800, On soil, Sri Lanka
Reference: Berkeley & Broome (1871)
description: Published as part of Karunarathna, Samantha C., Priyashantha, K Hasith, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Galappaththi, Mahesh C. A., Premarathne, Bhagya M., Wijayawardene, Nalin N., Wimalasena, Madhara K., Jayalal, Udeni, Wickramanayake, Kawmini D., Dangalla, Hasanka, Jayathunga, Hashini, Brahmanage, Rashika S., Weerakoon, Gothamie, Ariyawansa, Kahandawa G. S. U., Yapa, Neelamanie, Nanayakkara, Chandrika M., Ediriweera, Surani, Fan, Xin-Lei, Kirk, Paul M., Zhang, Gui-Qing, Ediriweera, Aseni, Bhat, Jayarama, Dawoud, Turki M., Kumara, Wasantha & Deng, Chun Ying, 2023, Checklist, typification details, and nomenclature status of Basidiomycota, originally described from Sri Lanka, pp. 1-86 in Phytotaxa 621 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.621.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10065102
Quantum Database Searching by a Single Query
Creators: name: Chi, Dong Pyo
name: Kim, Jinsoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we give a quantum mechanical algorithm that can search a database by a single query, when the number of solutions is more than a quarter. It utilizes modified Grover operator of arbitrary phase.
description: 5 pages, LaTeX2e
Additional file 1: of Comparative features of infections of two Massachusetts (Mass) infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) variants isolated from Western Canadian layer flocks
Creators: name: Amarasinghe, Aruna
name: Upasama De Silva Senapathi
name: Abdul-Cader, Mohamed
name: Popowich, Shelly
name: Marshall, Frank
name: Cork, Susan
name: Meer, Frank Van Der
name: Susantha Gomis
name: Abdul-Careem, Mohamed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S1. Specificity of avian macrophage staining. The power point slide contain lung sections stained with anti-chicken macrophage antibody (KUL-01) and isotype control. The sections were also stained with nuclear staining (DAPI). (DOCX 271 kb).
Recent Results from BES
Creators: name: SHEN, Xiaoyan
name: collaboration, representing BES
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report partial wave analysis results for $J/ψ\to γK^+ K^-$ based on $7.8 \times 10^6$ BESI $J/ψ$ events, and find $0^{++}$ to be dominant in the $f_J(1710)$ mass region. Some very preliminary results are presented from the $2.2 \times 10^7$ $J/ψ$ events newly collected at the upgraded BES(BESII). Using the world largest $ψ(2S)$ data sample, BES measures branching ratios of $ψ(2S)$ radiative and hadronic decays. The preliminary R values measured by BESII in the 2-5 GeV energy region are also presented.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, proceeding paper for IV International Conference on Hyperons, Charm and Beauty Hadrons, June of 2000, Valencia, Spain
Producing timber and woody mulch
Creators: name: Salvo, Emilie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Timber
mulch
hedge
hedgerows

description: Les ressources locales sont un formidable potentiel de développement des territoires ruraux. Haies agricoles, ripisylves, bandes tampons, bords de route, zones boisées, sont non concurrentielles de l'agriculture, peuvent à la fois offrir une biomasse valorisable par différentes filières locales dont celle du bois énergie et réconcilier la production avec la préservation du milieu. La valorisation de la biomasse est au carrefour de l'économie, de l'environnement et de la technicité. Ce document a pour objectif d'aider les acteurs du monde rural à faire émerger un projet de valorisation de la biomasse locale en bois d'oeuvre et paillage.
Optional Data Disclosure and the Online Privacy Paradox: A UK Perspective
Creators: name: Williams, Meredydd
name: Nurse, Jason R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Opinion polls suggest that the public value their privacy, with majorities calling for greater control of their data. However, individuals continue to use online services which place their personal information at risk, comprising a Privacy Paradox. Previous work has analysed this phenomenon through after-the-fact comparisons, but not studied disclosure behaviour during questioning. We physically surveyed UK cities to study how the British public regard privacy and how perceptions differ between demographic groups. Through analysis of optional data disclosure, we empirically examined whether those who claim to value their privacy act privately with their own data. We found that both opinions and self-reported actions have little effect on disclosure, with over 99\% of individuals revealing private data needlessly. We show that not only do individuals act contrary to their opinions, they disclose information needlessly even whilst describing themselves as private. We believe our findings encourage further analysis of data disclosure, as a means of studying genuine privacy behaviour.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
Hygrocybe alwisii Berk. & Broome, J. Linn. Soc., Bot.
Creators: name: Karunarathna, Samantha C.
name: Priyashantha, K Hasith
name: Tibpromma, Saowaluck
name: Galappaththi, Mahesh C. A.
name: Premarathne, Bhagya M.
name: Wijayawardene, Nalin N.
name: Wimalasena, Madhara K.
name: Jayalal, Udeni
name: Wickramanayake, Kawmini D.
name: Dangalla, Hasanka
name: Jayathunga, Hashini
name: Brahmanage, Rashika S.
name: Weerakoon, Gothamie
name: Ariyawansa, Kahandawa G. S. U.
name: Yapa, Neelamanie
name: Nanayakkara, Chandrika M.
name: Ediriweera, Surani
name: Fan, Xin-Lei
name: Kirk, Paul M.
name: Zhang, Gui-Qing
name: Ediriweera, Aseni
name: Bhat, Jayarama
name: Dawoud, Turki M.
name: Kumara, Wasantha
name: Deng, Chun Ying
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Agaricales
Hygrophoraceae
Hygrocybe
Hygrocybe alwisii

description: H.  alwisii Berk. & Broome, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 11 (no. 56): 565 (1871)/IF: 203997
 Current Name: Hygrocybe alwisii (Berk. & Broome) Pegler, Kew Bull., Addit. Ser. 12: 66 (1986) (New classification: Hygrophoraceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes)
Typification Details: Holotype K (M), Gardner 814, On soil, Sri Lanka
Reference: Berkeley & Broome (1871)
description: Published as part of Karunarathna, Samantha C., Priyashantha, K Hasith, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Galappaththi, Mahesh C. A., Premarathne, Bhagya M., Wijayawardene, Nalin N., Wimalasena, Madhara K., Jayalal, Udeni, Wickramanayake, Kawmini D., Dangalla, Hasanka, Jayathunga, Hashini, Brahmanage, Rashika S., Weerakoon, Gothamie, Ariyawansa, Kahandawa G. S. U., Yapa, Neelamanie, Nanayakkara, Chandrika M., Ediriweera, Surani, Fan, Xin-Lei, Kirk, Paul M., Zhang, Gui-Qing, Ediriweera, Aseni, Bhat, Jayarama, Dawoud, Turki M., Kumara, Wasantha & Deng, Chun Ying, 2023, Checklist, typification details, and nomenclature status of Basidiomycota, originally described from Sri Lanka, pp. 1-86 in Phytotaxa 621 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.621.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10065102
Gluon- vs. Sea quark-Shadowing
Creators: name: Hammon, N.
name: Stöcker, H.
name: Greiner, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the shadowing of sea quarks and gluons and show that the shadowing of gluons is {\it not} simply given by the sea quark shadowing, especially at small $x$. The calculations are done in the lab frame approach by using the generalized vector meson dominance model. Here the virtual photon turns into a hadronic fluctuation long before the nucleus. The subsequent coherent interaction with more than one nucleon in the nucleus leads to the depletion $σ(γ^* A) < Aσ(γ^* N)$ known as shadowing. A comparison of the shadowing of quarks to E665 data for $^{40}Ca$ and $^{207}Pb$ shows good agreement.
description: 9 pages, 3 eps figures
Producing woodchips for stable litter
Creators: name: Salvo, Emilie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Stable litter
woodchip
hedge
hedgerows
cattle

description: Les ressources locales sont un formidable potentiel de développement des territoires ruraux. Haies agricoles, ripisylves, bandes tampons, bords de route, zones boisées, sont non concurrentielles de l'agriculture, peuvent à la fois offrir une biomasse valorisable par différentes filières locales dont celle de la litière en plaquettes de bois et réconcilier la production avec la préservation du milieu. Aujourd'hui la litière paille représente de nombreux coûts économiques et environnementaux, d'une part dus à son importation le plus souvent sur les exploitations, d'autre part à cause de l'exportation d'une biomasse qui devrait rester dans les champs pour entretenir leur fertilité. La valorisation de la biomasse est au carrefour de l'économie, de l'environnement et de la technicité. Ce document a pour objectif d'aider les acteurs du monde rural à faire émerger un projet de valorisation de la biomasse locale en litière plaquette.
Two--magnon scattering and the spin--phonon interaction beyond the adiabatic approximation
Creators: name: Reilly, Matthew J.
name: Rojo, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a model of Raman scattering for a two--dimensional $S=1/2$ Heisenberg Anti-Ferromagnet which includes a {\it dynamical} spin--phonon interaction. We observe a broadening of the line shape due to increased coupling with excited high--energy spin states. Our results are close to a model of random static exchange interactions, first introduced in this context by Haas {\it et al.} [J. Appl. Phys. {\bf 75}, 6340, (1994)], which, when extended to large numbers of spins, explains experiments in the parent insulating compounds of high-$T_c$ superconductors.
description: 14 pages (revtex format), 8 postscript figures
The phylogenetic effective sample size and jumps
Creators: name: Bartoszek, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 62B10, 62P10, 92--08, 92B10

description: The phylogenetic effective sample size is a parameter that has as its goal the quantification of the amount of independent signal in a phylogenetically correlated sample. It was studied for Brownian motion and Ornstein-Uhlenbeck models of trait evolution. Here, we study this composite parameter when the trait is allowed to jump at speciation points of the phylogeny. Our numerical study indicates that there is a non-trivial limit as the effect of jumps grows. The limit depends on the value of the drift parameter of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process.
Reflection time and the Goos-Hänchen effect for reflection by a semi-infinite rectangular barrier
Creators: name: Floyd, Edward R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reflection time, during which a particle is in the classically forbidden region, is described by the trajectory representation for reflection by a semi-infinite rectangular barrier. The Schrödinger wave function has microstates for such reflection. The reflection time is a function of the microstate. For oblique reflection, the Goos-Hänchen displacement is also a function of the microstate. For a square well duct, we develop a proposed test where consistent overdetermination of the trajectory by a redundant set of observed constants of the motion would be beyond the Copenhagen interpretation.
description: 12 Pages LaTeX 2.09. No figures. Final revision conforms to galley page proofs. Minor revisions. To be Published in Found. Phys. Lett. Key words: reflection time, tunnelling time, dwell time, Goos-H\"anchen, trajectory representation, microstates
title: ADCO, Huitième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1667), Cart. 31 (G 135), 549 folios, f. 0613
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire

description: Huitième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1667), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 31 (G 135), 549 folios, f. 0613, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Huitième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1667), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 31 (G 135), 549 folios, f. 0613, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Trees and climate
Creators: name: Canet, Alain
name: Sirven, Bruno
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Climate change
mitigation
adaptation
landscape

description: Entre désert et forêt, les formes "d'arbrement" possibles sont multiples et adaptables à toutes les situations, pour protéger et faire prospérer les territoires, pour garantir la durabilité de leurs paysages, et tempérer les variations extrêmes auxquelles ils peuvent être confrontés. Autant de solutions pour atténuer et s'adapter au changement climatique.
On the AGB stars of M 4: A robust disagreement between spectroscopic observations and theory
Creators: name: MacLean, B. T.
name: Campbell, S. W.
name: Amarsi, A. M.
name: Nordlander, T.
name: Cottrell, P. L.
name: De Silva, G. M.
name: Lattanzio, J.
name: Constantino, T.
name: DOrazi, V.
name: Casagrande, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several recent spectroscopic investigations have presented conflicting results on the existence of Na-rich asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars in the Galactic globular cluster M4 (NGC6121). The studies disagree on whether or not Na-rich red giant branch (RGB) stars evolve to the AGB. For a sample of previously published HER- MES/AAT AGB and RGB stellar spectra we present a re-analysis of O, Na, and Fe abundances, and a new analysis of Mg and Al abundances; we also present CN band strengths for this sample, derived from low-resolution AAOmega spectra. Following a detailed literature comparison, we find that the AGB samples of all studies consistently show lower abundances of Na and Al, and are weaker in CN, than RGB stars in the cluster. This is similar to recent observations of AGB stars in NGC 6752 and M 62. In an attempt to explain this result, we present new theoretical stellar evolutionary models for M 4; however, these predict that all stars, including Na-rich RGB stars, evolve onto the AGB. We test the robustness of our abundance results using a variety of atmospheric models and spectroscopic methods; however, we do not find evidence that systematic modelling uncertainties can explain the apparent lack of Na- rich AGB stars in M4. We conclude that an unexplained, but robust, discordance between observations and theory remains for the AGB stars in M 4.
description: 25 pages, 21 figures, 15 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 2: of Long-term colonisation with donor bacteriophages following successful faecal microbial transplantation
Creators: name: L. Draper
name: F. Ryan
name: M. Smith
name: J. Jalanka
name: E. Mattila
name: P. Arkkila
name: R. Ross
name: R. Satokari
name: C. Hill
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. Viral alpha diversity. Alpha diversity estimates per time point for the recipients compared with the donors for (A) viral richness (Chao1) and (B) diversity (Shannon) are represented using boxplots. Whiskers indicate the highest or lowest occurring value within 1.5*IQR (interquartile range) of the upper or lower quartile. Paired Wilcoxon rank sum test, pâ â ¤â 0.05 (*). (PDF 63 kb)
Lentinus apalus Berk. & Broome, J. Linn. Soc., Bot.
Creators: name: Karunarathna, Samantha C.
name: Priyashantha, K Hasith
name: Tibpromma, Saowaluck
name: Galappaththi, Mahesh C. A.
name: Premarathne, Bhagya M.
name: Wijayawardene, Nalin N.
name: Wimalasena, Madhara K.
name: Jayalal, Udeni
name: Wickramanayake, Kawmini D.
name: Dangalla, Hasanka
name: Jayathunga, Hashini
name: Brahmanage, Rashika S.
name: Weerakoon, Gothamie
name: Ariyawansa, Kahandawa G. S. U.
name: Yapa, Neelamanie
name: Nanayakkara, Chandrika M.
name: Ediriweera, Surani
name: Fan, Xin-Lei
name: Kirk, Paul M.
name: Zhang, Gui-Qing
name: Ediriweera, Aseni
name: Bhat, Jayarama
name: Dawoud, Turki M.
name: Kumara, Wasantha
name: Deng, Chun Ying
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Polyporales
Polyporaceae
Lentinus
Lentinus apalus

description: H.  apalus Berk. & Broome, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 11 (no. 56): 565 (1871)/IF: 506945
 Current Name: Hygrocybe apala (Berk. & Broome) Pegler & R.W. Rayner, Kew Bull. 23 (2): 382 (1969) (New classification: Hygrophoraceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes)
Typification Details: Holotype K (M), Gardner 1204, On soil, Sri Lanka
Reference: Berkeley & Broome (1871)
description: Published as part of Karunarathna, Samantha C., Priyashantha, K Hasith, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Galappaththi, Mahesh C. A., Premarathne, Bhagya M., Wijayawardene, Nalin N., Wimalasena, Madhara K., Jayalal, Udeni, Wickramanayake, Kawmini D., Dangalla, Hasanka, Jayathunga, Hashini, Brahmanage, Rashika S., Weerakoon, Gothamie, Ariyawansa, Kahandawa G. S. U., Yapa, Neelamanie, Nanayakkara, Chandrika M., Ediriweera, Surani, Fan, Xin-Lei, Kirk, Paul M., Zhang, Gui-Qing, Ediriweera, Aseni, Bhat, Jayarama, Dawoud, Turki M., Kumara, Wasantha & Deng, Chun Ying, 2023, Checklist, typification details, and nomenclature status of Basidiomycota, originally described from Sri Lanka, pp. 1-86 in Phytotaxa 621 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.621.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10065102
Critical Behavior of Hadronic Fluctuations and the Effect of Final-State Randomization
Creators: name: Hwa, R. C.
name: Wu, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical behaviors of quark-hadron phase transition are explored by use of the Ising model adapted for hadron production. Various measures involving the fluctuations of the produced hadrons in bins of various sizes are examined with the aim of quantifying the clustering properties that are universal features of all critical phenomena. Some of the measures involve wavelet analysis. Two of the measures are found to exhibit the canonical power-law behavior near the critical temperature. The effect of final-state randomization is studied by requiring the produced particles to take random walks in the transverse plane. It is demonstrated that for the measures considered the dependence on the randomization process is weak. Since temperature is not a directly measurable variable, the average hadronic density of a portion of each event is used as the control variable that is measurable. The event-to-event fluctuations are taken into account in the study of the dependence of the chosen measures on that control variable. Phenomenologically verifiable critical behaviors are found and are proposed for use as a signature of quark-hadron phase transition in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
description: 17 pages (Latex) + 24 figures (ps file), submitted to Phys. Rev. C
Engineering two-mode interactions in ion traps
Creators: name: Steinbach, J.
name: Twamley, J.
name: Knight, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe how two vibrational degrees of freedom of a single trapped ion can be coupled through the action of suitably-chosen laser excitation. We concentrate on a two-dimensional ion trap with dissimilar vibrational frequencies in the x- and y-directions of motion, and derive from first principles a variety of quantized two-mode couplings, concentrating on a linear coupling which takes excitations from one mode to another. We demonstrate how this can result in a state rotation, in which it is possible to transfer the motional state of the ion from say the x-direction to the y-direction without prior knowledge of that motional state.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, to appear in PRA
Reconfiguration of Brain Network between Resting-state and Oddball Paradigm
Creators: name: Li, Fali
name: Yi, Chanlin
name: Liao, Yuanyuan
name: Jiang, Yuanling
name: Si, Yajing
name: Song, Limeng
name: Zhang, Tao
name: Yao, Dezhong
name: Zhang, Yangsong
name: Cao, Zehong
name: Xu, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The oddball paradigm is widely applied to the investigation of multiple cognitive functions. Prior studies have explored the cortical oscillation and power spectral differing from the resting-state conduction to oddball paradigm, but whether brain networks existing the significant difference is still unclear. Our study addressed how the brain reconfigures its architecture from a resting-state condition (i.e., baseline) to P300 stimulus task in the visual oddball paradigm. In this study, electroencephalogram (EEG) datasets were collected from 24 postgraduate students, who were required to only mentally count the number of target stimulus; afterwards the functional EEG networks constructed in different frequency bands were compared between baseline and oddball task conditions to evaluate the reconfiguration of functional network in the brain. Compared to the baseline, our results showed the significantly (p < 0.05) enhanced delta/theta EEG connectivity and decreased alpha default mode network in the progress of brain reconfiguration to the P300 task. Furthermore, the reconfigured coupling strengths were demonstrated to relate to P300 amplitudes, which were then regarded as input features to train a classifier to differentiate the high and low P300 amplitudes groups with an accuracy of 77.78%. The findings of our study help us to understand the changes of functional brain connectivity from resting-state to oddball stimulus task, and the reconfigured network pattern has the potential for the selection of good subjects for P300-based brain- computer interface.
description: This manuscript is submitting to IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems
Hygrophorus bicolor Berk. & Broome, J. Linn. Soc., Bot.
Creators: name: Karunarathna, Samantha C.
name: Priyashantha, K Hasith
name: Tibpromma, Saowaluck
name: Galappaththi, Mahesh C. A.
name: Premarathne, Bhagya M.
name: Wijayawardene, Nalin N.
name: Wimalasena, Madhara K.
name: Jayalal, Udeni
name: Wickramanayake, Kawmini D.
name: Dangalla, Hasanka
name: Jayathunga, Hashini
name: Brahmanage, Rashika S.
name: Weerakoon, Gothamie
name: Ariyawansa, Kahandawa G. S. U.
name: Yapa, Neelamanie
name: Nanayakkara, Chandrika M.
name: Ediriweera, Surani
name: Fan, Xin-Lei
name: Kirk, Paul M.
name: Zhang, Gui-Qing
name: Ediriweera, Aseni
name: Bhat, Jayarama
name: Dawoud, Turki M.
name: Kumara, Wasantha
name: Deng, Chun Ying
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Agaricales
Hygrophoraceae
Hygrophorus
Hygrophorus bicolor

description: H.  bicolor Berk. & Broome, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 11 (no. 56): 565 (1871)/IF: 209064
 Current Name: Hygrophorus bicolor S. Ito & S. Imai, Trans. Sapporo nat. Hist. Soc. 16: 14 (1939) (New classification: Hygrophoraceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetes)
Typification Details: Holotype K (M), Gardner 702, On soil, Sri Lanka
Reference: Berkeley & Broome (1871)
description: Published as part of Karunarathna, Samantha C., Priyashantha, K Hasith, Tibpromma, Saowaluck, Galappaththi, Mahesh C. A., Premarathne, Bhagya M., Wijayawardene, Nalin N., Wimalasena, Madhara K., Jayalal, Udeni, Wickramanayake, Kawmini D., Dangalla, Hasanka, Jayathunga, Hashini, Brahmanage, Rashika S., Weerakoon, Gothamie, Ariyawansa, Kahandawa G. S. U., Yapa, Neelamanie, Nanayakkara, Chandrika M., Ediriweera, Surani, Fan, Xin-Lei, Kirk, Paul M., Zhang, Gui-Qing, Ediriweera, Aseni, Bhat, Jayarama, Dawoud, Turki M., Kumara, Wasantha & Deng, Chun Ying, 2023, Checklist, typification details, and nomenclature status of Basidiomycota, originally described from Sri Lanka, pp. 1-86 in Phytotaxa 621 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.621.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10065102
1, 2 oder 3? a, b oder u? –Der PDF/A-Standard und seine verschiedenen Versionen
Creators: name: Metzger, Fabienne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: digital preservation
PDF/A
file formats

description: Vortragsfolien des nestor virtuell Webinars zum Thema "1, 2 oder 3? a, b oder u? – Der PDF/A-Standard und seine verschiedenen Versionen" Veranstaltung der Reihe nestor virtuell
 Beginn 24.06.2021, 10:00 Uhr
 Ende 24.06.2021, 11:30 Uhr Moderierende und Vortragende: Fabienne Metzger (Kreisarchiv Esslingen, Mitglied der nestor-AG Formaterkennung) Inhalt des Webseminars In der Langzeitarchivierung von Textdokumenten spielt das Dateiformat PDF/A eine bedeutende Rolle. Die meisten Textdokumente werden in einem Format an das Archiv übergeben, das nicht den Ansprüchen der digitalen Langzeitarchivierung entspricht. Die Dateien benötigen daher eine Konvertierung. Hierbei stellt PDF/A meist die Lösung dar. Das PDF/A-Format existiert in drei verschiedenen Versionen 1, 2, oder 3 sowie deren jeweiligen Konformitätsstufen a, b und u. Doch welche PDF/A-Version und welche Konformitätsstufe ist die richtige? Gibt es überhaupt die richtige Version für mein Archiv? Was unterscheidet die Versionen von einander? Wir bieten in unserem Webseminar einen Einblick in Theorie und Praxis in der Arbeit mit PDF/A. Das Online-Seminar richtet sich an Praktiker*innen aus der Langzeitarchivierung, die sich mit dem PDF/A-Standard noch nicht auseinandergesetzt haben oder/und näheres dazu erfahren möchten.
Global unique solvability of the initial-boundary value problem for the equations of one-dimensional polytropic flows of viscous compressible multifluids
Creators: name: Mamontov, Alexander
name: Prokudin, Dmitriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 76N10, 76T99

description: We consider the equations which describe polytropic one-dimensional flows of viscous compressible multifluids. We prove global existence and uniqueness of a solution to the initial-boundary value problem which corresponds to the flow in a bounded space domain.
description: 16 pages
Phase diagram of 3D SU(3) gauge-adjoint Higgs system and C- violation in hot QCD
Creators: name: Bronoff, S.
name: Altes, C. P. Korthals
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermally reduced QCD leads to three dimensional SU(3) gaugefields coupled to an adjoint scalar field $A_0$. We compute the effective potential in the one-loop approximation and evaluate the VEV's of $TrA_0^2$ and $TrA_0^3$. In the Higgs phase not only the former, but also the latter has a VEV. This happens where the SU(3) gauge symmetry is broken minimally with U(2) still unbroken. The VEV of the cubic invariant breaks charge conjugation and CP. It is plausible that in the Higgs phase one has a transition for large enough Higgs selfcoupling to a region where $TrA_0^3$ has no VEV and where the gaugesymmetry is broken maximally to $U(1)\times U(1)$. For a number of colours larger than 3 an even richer phase structure is possible.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX and revtex additional references, corrected typos
Additional file 8: of Schizont transcriptome variation among clinical isolates and laboratory-adapted clones of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum
Creators: name: Tarr, Sarah
name: DĂ­Az-Ingelmo, Ofelia
name: Stewart, Lindsay
name: Hocking, Suzanne
name: Murray, Lee
name: Duffy, Craig
name: Otto, Thomas
name: Chappell, Lia
name: Rayner, Julian
name: Awandare, Gordon
name: Conway, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S3. Gene expression levels for eight genes newly detected as differentially expressed among clinical isolates (Table 1). Distributions of read counts (normalised to library size) for eight genes, showing data from each replicate culture preparation of each strain. (PDF 84â kb)
Turbulent Mixing and Nuclear Burning in Stellar Interiors
Creators: name: Mocák, Miroslav
name: Meakin, Casey
name: Campbell, Simon Wattana
name: Arnett, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The turbulent burning of nuclei is a common phenomenon in the evolution of stars. Here we examine a challenging case: the merging of the neon and oxygen burning shells in a 23 M$_{\odot}$ star. A previously unknown quasi-steady state is established by the interplay between mixing, turbulent transport, and nuclear burning. The resulting stellar structure has two burning shells within a single convection zone. We find that the new neon burning layer covers an extended region of the convection zone, with the burning peak occurring substantially below where the Damköhler number first becomes equal to unity. These characteristics differ from those predicted by 1D stellar evolution models of similar ingestion events. We develop the mean-field turbulence equations that govern compositional evolution, and use them to interpret our data set. An important byproduct is a means to quantify sub-grid-scale effects intrinsic to the numerical hydrodynamic scheme. For implicit large eddy simulations, the analysis method is particularly powerful because it can reveal where and how simulated flows are modified by resolution, and provide straightforward physical interpretations of the effects of dissipation or induced transport. Focusing on the mean-field composition variance equations for our analysis, we recover a Kolmogorov rate of turbulent dissipation without it being imposed, in agreement with previous results which used the turbulent kinetic energy equation.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, Submitted to MNRAS
Prospects for CP-violation searches in the future experiment with RF-separated K+/- beam at U-70
Creators: name: Obraztsov, V. F.
name: Landsberg, L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first description of the experimental program "OKA" with RF-separated K+/- beam at Protvino U-70 PS is presented. The parameters of the beam as well as the potential for CP-violation searches are discussed.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, submitted to proceedings of International Conference on CP Violation, Sep 18-22, 2000, Italy
Recent updates on daidzein against oxidative stress and cancer
Creators: name: Rawat, Sarita
name: Pathak, Sachchidanand
name: Gupta, Gaurav
name: Singh, Santosh Kumar
name: Singh, Himmat
name: Mishra, Anurag
name: Gilhotra, Ritu
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: daidzein
cancer
oxidative stress

description: EXCLI Journal; 18:Doc950; ISSN 1611-2156
Conformal Anomaly for Non-Conformal Scalar Fields
Creators: name: Casarin, Lorenzo
name: Godazgar, Hadi
name: Nicolai, Hermann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a general definition of the conformal anomaly for theories that are not classically Weyl invariant and show that this definition yields a quantity that is both finite and local. As an example we study the conformal anomaly for a non-minimally coupled massless scalar and show that our definition coincides with results obtained using the heat kernel method.
description: 9 pages