cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Intercept-resend attacks in the Bennett-Brassard 1984 quantum key distribution protocol with weak coherent pulses
Creators: name: Curty, Marcos
name: Lütkenhaus, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unconditional security proofs of the Bennett-Brassard protocol of quantum key distribution have been obtained recently. These proofs cover also practical implementations that utilize weak coherent pulses in the four signal polarizations. Proven secure rates leave open the possibility that new proofs or new public discussion protocols obtain larger rates over increased distance. In this paper we investigate limits to error rate and signal losses that can be tolerated by future protocols and proofs.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures. Version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
Food Subsidies: Incentive Benefit and Competitive Design
Creators: name: Xia, Yulian
name: Zeng, Fusheng
name: Xia, Yulian
name: Zeng, Fusheng
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Grain subsidy
subject: Incentive efficiency
subject: Competitive design
subject: China

description: Firstly, the evolution process of grain subsidy policy in China was introduced. In the first stage, the nation carried out grain policy of unified purchase and sale. In the second stage, the nation carried out price subsidy for grain purchasing. In the third stage, the nation carried out direct subsidy for grain production. Secondly, the incentive mechanism of grain subsidy was analyzed under two conditions based on the basic hypotheses. Under the condition of complete information, the effects of grain subsidy policy are optimal. Under the condition of information asymmetry, there are two cases. Grain subsidy policy shows zero effect when information is completely opaque. When information is translucence, the effect of the policy will be suboptimal due to the problem of adverse selection. The adjustment design for incentive mechanism of subsidy was made in order to improve the effects of subsidy policy. The grain production choice of farmers was also analyzed according to evaluation function of farmers’ achievements. Finally, the causes why the productive positivity of farmers was not improved with the development of economy and society were discussed.
Supporting raw data, extracranial trends, and comparisons with pulsatility indices from Intracranial pulse wave velocity using 4D flow MRI: Method comparison and covariate analysis
Creators: name: Dempsey, Sergio
name: Safaei, Soroush
name: Holdsworth, Samantha J.
name: Maso Talou, Gonzalo
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 400399
subject: Biomedical engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Raw PWVs measured for each technique, visualising how the time delays used in pulse wave velocity computation vary throughout the extracranial internal carotid arteries demonstrating an increase in pulse wave velocity through the carotid canal, and analysing PWV and pulsatility based indices.
Current-Induced Effects in Nanoscale Conductors
Creators: name: Bushong, Neil
name: Di Ventra, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an overview of current-induced effects in nanoscale conductors with emphasis on their description at the atomic level. In particular, we discuss steady-state current fluctuations, current-induced forces, inelastic scattering and local heating. All of these properties are calculated in terms of single-particle wavefunctions computed using a scattering approach within the static density-functional theory of many-electron systems. Examples of current-induced effects in atomic and molecular wires will be given and comparison with experimental results will be provided when available.
description: revtex, 10 pages, 8 figures
Sideband Injection Locking in Microresonator Frequency Combs
Creators: name: Wildi, Thibault
name: Ulanov, Alexander
name: Englebert, Nicolas
name: Voumard, Thibault
name: Herr, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Frequency combs from continuous-wave-driven Kerr-nonlinear microresonators have evolved into a key photonic technology with applications from optical communication to precision spectroscopy. Essential to many of these applications is the control of the comb's defining parameters, i.e., carrier-envelope offset frequency and repetition rate. An elegant and all-optical approach to controlling both degrees of freedom is the suitable injection of a secondary continuous-wave laser into the resonator onto which one of the comb lines locks. Here, we study experimentally such sideband injection locking in microresonator soliton combs across a wide optical bandwidth and derive analytic scaling laws for the locking range and repetition rate control. As an application example, we demonstrate optical frequency division and repetition rate phase-noise reduction to three orders of magnitude below the noise of a free-running system. The presented results can guide the design of sideband injection-locked, parametrically generated frequency combs with opportunities for low-noise microwave generation, compact optical clocks with simplified locking schemes and more generally, all-optically stabilized frequency combs from Kerr-nonlinear resonators.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Resonant behaviour in double charge exchange reaction of π^+ mesons on the nuclear photoemulsion
Creators: name: Batusov, Yu. A.
name: Blokhintseva, T. D.
name: Balestra, F.
name: Bussa, M. P.
name: Piragino, G.
name: Pontecorvo, G. B.
name: Schepkin, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The invariant mass spectra of the $ppπ^-$ and $pp$ systems produced in the double charge exchange (DCX) of positively charged pions on photoemulsion are analysed. A pronounced peak is observed in the $ppπ^-$ invariant mass spectrum, while the $M_{pp}$ spectrum exhibits a strong Migdal-Watson effect of the proton-proton final state interaction. These findings are in favor of the $NN$-decoupled $NNπ$ pseudoscalar resonance with T=0 called $d'$.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, revised version
Reise som giennem en Deel af Norge i de Aar 1773, 1774, 1775 paa Hans Majestets Kongens Bekostning er giort og beskreven af Gerhard Schøning : 3
Creators: name: Schøning, Gerhard
name: Schmidt, C.T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1850

description: Innhold: a. 5 legg, i alt 526 s. b. 4 legg, i alt 210, 225, 208, 77 s. c. Tegninger og tillegg. 14 s., 104 illustrasjoner, 91 fotografier, kopier av de samme tegninger.
description: Kopi etter 2827f 4to i Gl. kgl. samling ved Det Kongelige bibliotek. Avskrevet og supplert med notater ved C.T. Schmidt.
description: Kopi.
Vertex operator algebras, the Verlinde conjecture and modular tensor categories
Creators: name: Huang, Yi-Zhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B69; 81T40

description: Let V be a simple vertex operator algebra satisfying the following conditions: (i) The homogeneous subspaces of V of weights less than 0 are 0, the homogeneous subspace of V of weight 0 is spanned by the vacuum and V' is isomorphic to V as a V-module. (ii) Every weak V-module gradable by nonnegative integers is completely reducible. (iii) V is C_2-cofinite. We announce a proof of the Verlinde conjecture for V, that is, of the statement that the matrices formed by the fusion rules among irreducible V-modules are diagonalized by the matrix given by the action of the modular transformation τ\mapsto -1/τon the space of characters of irreducible V-modules. We discuss some consequences of the Verlinde conjecture, including the Verlinde formula for the fusion rules, a formula for the matrix given by the action of τ\mapsto -1/τand the symmetry of this matrix. We also announce a proof of the rigidity and nondegeneracy property of the braided tensor category structure on the category of V-modules when V satisfies in addition the condition that irreducible V-modules not equivalent to V has no nonzero elements of weight 0. In particular, the category of V-modules has a natural structure of modular tensor category.
description: 18 pages. To appear in the Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
Understanding the transverse-spherocity biased data from pp collisions at the LHC energies
Creators: name: Ortiz, Antonio
name: Palomo, Lizardo Valencia
name: Neriz, Victor Manuel Minjares
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ALICE collaboration recently reported the mean transverse momentum as a function of charged-particle multiplicity for different pp-collisions classes defined based on the "jettiness" of the event. The event "jettiness" is quantified using transverse spherocity that is measured at midpseudorapidity ($|η|<0.8$) considering charged particles with transverse momentum within $0.15
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Reise som giennem en Deel af Norge i de Aar 1773, 1774, 1775 paa Hans Majestets Kongens Bekostning er giort og beskreven af Gerhard Schøning : 4
Creators: name: Schøning, Gerhard
name: Schmidt, C.T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1850

description: Innhold: a. 5 legg, i alt 526 s. b. 4 legg, i alt 210, 225, 208, 77 s. c. Tegninger og tillegg. 14 s., 104 illustrasjoner, 91 fotografier, kopier av de samme tegninger.
description: Kopi etter 2827f 4to i Gl. kgl. samling ved Det Kongelige bibliotek. Avskrevet og supplert med notater ved C.T. Schmidt.
description: Kopi.
Schubert matroids, Delannoy paths, and Speyer's invariant
Creators: name: Ferroni, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide a combinatorial way of computing Speyer's $g$-polynomial on arbitrary Schubert matroids via the enumeration of certain Delannoy paths. We define a new statistic of a basis in a matroid, and express the $g$-polynomial of a Schubert matroid in terms of it and internal and external activities. Some surprising positivity properties of the $g$-polynomial of Schubert matroids are deduced from our expression. Finally, we combine our formulas with a fundamental result of Derksen and Fink to provide an algorithm for computing the $g$-polynomial of an arbitrary matroid.
description: 20 pages. 1 ancillary file. To appear in Combinatorial Theory
Identifying Objects at the Quantum Limit for Super-Resolution Imaging
Creators: name: Grace, Michael R
name: Guha, Saikat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider passive imaging tasks involving discrimination between known candidate objects and investigate the best possible accuracy with which the correct object can be identified. We analytically compute quantum-limited error bounds for hypothesis tests on any database of incoherent, quasi-monochromatic objects when the imaging system is dominated by optical diffraction. We further show that object-independent linear-optical spatial processing of the collected light exactly achieves these ultimate error rates, exhibiting superior scaling than spatially-resolved direct imaging as the scene becomes more severely diffraction-limited. We apply our results to example imaging scenarios and find conditions under which super-resolution object discrimination can be physically realized.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Reise som giennem en Deel af Norge i de Aar 1773, 1774, 1775 paa Hans Majestets Kongens Bekostning er giort og beskreven af Gerhard Schøning : 5
Creators: name: Schøning, Gerhard
name: Schmidt, C.T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1850

description: Innhold: a. 5 legg, i alt 526 s. b. 4 legg, i alt 210, 225, 208, 77 s. c. Tegninger og tillegg. 14 s., 104 illustrasjoner, 91 fotografier, kopier av de samme tegninger.
description: Kopi etter 2827f 4to i Gl. kgl. samling ved Det Kongelige bibliotek. Avskrevet og supplert med notater ved C.T. Schmidt.
description: Kopi.
Reise som giennem en Deel af Norge i de Aar 1773, 1774, 1775 paa Hans Majestets Kongens Bekostning er giort og beskreven af Gerhard Schøning : 6
Creators: name: Schøning, Gerhard
name: Schmidt, C.T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1850

description: Innhold: a. 5 legg, i alt 526 s. b. 4 legg, i alt 210, 225, 208, 77 s. c. Tegninger og tillegg. 14 s., 104 illustrasjoner, 91 fotografier, kopier av de samme tegninger.
description: Kopi etter 2827f 4to i Gl. kgl. samling ved Det Kongelige bibliotek. Avskrevet og supplert med notater ved C.T. Schmidt.
description: Kopi.
Primordial Nucleosynthesis with varying fundamental constants: A semi-analytical approach
Creators: name: Landau, Susana J.
name: Mosquera, Mercedes E.
name: Vucetich, Hector
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the semi-analytic method proposed by \citet{Esma91} we calculate the abundances of the light elements produced during primordial nucleosynthesis assuming that the gauge coupling constants of the fundamental interactions may vary. We analyze the dependence of the nucleon masses, nuclear binding energies and cross sections involved in the calculation of the abundances with the fundamental constants assuming the chiral limit of QCD. The abundances of light elements as a function of the fundamental constants are obtained. Finally, using the observational data of $\De$, $\Het$, $\He$ and $\Li$ we estimate constraints on the variation of the fundamental constants between the primordial nucleosynthesis and the present. All observational abundances and the WMAP estimate of the baryon density, can be fitted to the theoretical predictions with varying coupling constants. The possible systematic errors in the observational data, precludes from stronger conclusions.
description: 41 pages, 2 figures, new references added, bounds on the gauge coupling constants at http://www.df.uba.ar/users/slandau/tablasgauge.pdf
Free energies in the presence of electric and magnetic fields
Creators: name: Narayan, Onuttom
name: Young, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss different free energies for materials in static electric and magnetic fields. We explain what the corresponding Hamiltonians are, and describe which choice gives rise to which result for the free energy change, dF, in the thermodynamic identity. We also discuss which Hamiltonian is the most appropriate for calculations using statistical mechanics, as well as the relationship between the various free energies and the "Landau function", which has to be minimized to determine the equilibrium polarization or magnetization, and is central to Landau's theory of second order phase transitions.
Reise som giennem en Deel af Norge i de Aar 1773, 1774, 1775 paa Hans Majestets Kongens Bekostning er giort og beskreven af Gerhard Schøning : 7
Creators: name: Schøning, Gerhard
name: Schmidt, C.T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1850

description: Innhold: a. 5 legg, i alt 526 s. b. 4 legg, i alt 210, 225, 208, 77 s. c. Tegninger og tillegg. 14 s., 104 illustrasjoner, 91 fotografier, kopier av de samme tegninger.
description: Kopi etter 2827f 4to i Gl. kgl. samling ved Det Kongelige bibliotek. Avskrevet og supplert med notater ved C.T. Schmidt.
description: Kopi.
Mean-field algebraic approach to the dynamics of fermions in a 1D optical lattice
Creators: name: Massel, F. P.
name: Penna, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a one-dimensional optical lattice of three-dimensional Harmonic Oscillators which are loaded with neutral fermionic atoms trapped into two hyperfine states. By means of a standard variational coherent-state procedure, we derive an effective Hamiltonian for this quantum model and the hamiltonian equations describing its evolution. To this end, we identify the algebra $\mathcal L$ of two-fermion operators --describing the relevant microscopic quantum processes of our model-- whereby the natural choice for the trial state appears to be a so(2r) coherent state. The coherent-state parameters, playing the role of dynamical variables for the effective Hamiltonian, are shown to identify with the $\mathcal L$-operator expectation values thus providing a clear physical interpretation of this algebraic mean-field picture.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, submitted to J. Phys. B, Cortona BEC 2005 special issue
A QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE HINDERING AND SUPPORTING FACTORS OF THE CROSS-BORDER INFORMATION EXCHANGE CONDUCTED BY THE SINGLE POINT OF CONTACT AND THE POLICE AND CUSTOMS COOPERATION CENTRE
Creators: name: Kemeny, Gabor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160205 Police Administration, Procedures and Practice
subject: FOS: Law

description:
 Cross-border criminality, emerging hybrid security threats, such as terrorism, trans-border organised criminal activity and most recently the COVID-19 epidemic situation demands efficient cross-border police cooperation and information exchange. To answer this need, various communication channels have been established to facilitate trans-border law-enforcement information exchange. The aim of this paper is to introduce the supporting and hindering factors of the two, most commonly used police information exchange channels, namely the Single Point of Contact (SPOC) and the Police and Customs Cooperation Centre (PCCC). The author tried to achieve this goal by introducing the relevant scientific theories and using them as a starting point for a qualitative study. The subsequent desk research and in-depth interviews helped the researcher to describe the current information exchange process, the hindering and supporting factors, the characteristics and main differences of the SPOC and PCCC information exchange process.
Development of the World Fuel Ethanol Industry
Creators: name: Wang, Suya
name: Wang, Suya
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Development
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Energy crisis
subject: Environmental pressure
subject: Renewable energy
subject: Fuel ethanol

description: This paper summarizes the developmental courses of fuel ethanol in the world. Then, it analyzes the existing problems and developmental prospects of fuel ethanol.
Reise som giennem en Deel af Norge i de Aar 1773, 1774, 1775 paa Hans Majestets Kongens Bekostning er giort og beskreven af Gerhard Schøning : 8
Creators: name: Schøning, Gerhard
name: Schmidt, C.T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1850

description: Innhold: a. 5 legg, i alt 526 s. b. 4 legg, i alt 210, 225, 208, 77 s. c. Tegninger og tillegg. 14 s., 104 illustrasjoner, 91 fotografier, kopier av de samme tegninger.
description: Kopi etter 2827f 4to i Gl. kgl. samling ved Det Kongelige bibliotek. Avskrevet og supplert med notater ved C.T. Schmidt.
description: Kopi.
Casimir Energy for a Dielectric Cylinder
Creators: name: Cavero-Pelaez, Ines
name: Milton, Kimball A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we calculate the Casimir energy for a dielectric-diamagnetic cylinder with the speed of light differing on the inside and outside. Although the result is in general divergent, special cases are meaningful. The well-known results for a uniform speed of light are reproduced. The self-stress on a purely dielectric cylinder is shown to vanish through second order in the deviation of the permittivity from its vacuum value, in agreement with the result calculated from the sum of van der Waals forces.These results are unambiguously separated from divergent terms.
description: 31 pages, no figures, uses elsart.cls Revised version includes detailed discussion of divergent terms, and new derivation of result. New references added
Associated special functions and coherent states
Creators: name: Cotfas, Nicolae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 33C45; 81R30; 81Q60

description: A hypergeometric type equation satisfying certain conditions defines either a finite or an infinite system of orthogonal polynomials. We present in a unified and explicit way all these systems of orthogonal polynomials, the associated special functions and some systems of coherent states. This general formalism allows us to extend some results known only in particular cases.
description: Error corrected (section 5.2, page 7). More details are available at http://fpcm5.fizica.unibuc.ro/~ncotfas
Siegert pseudostates: completeness and time evolution
Creators: name: Santra, Robin
name: Shainline, Jeffrey M.
name: Greene, Chris H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the theory of Siegert pseudostates, it is possible to accurately calculate bound states and resonances. The energy continuum is replaced by a discrete set of states. Many questions of interest in scattering theory can be addressed within the framework of this formalism, thereby avoiding the need to treat the energy continuum. For practical calculations it is important to know whether a certain subset of Siegert pseudostates comprises a basis. This is a nontrivial issue, because of the unusual orthogonality and overcompleteness properties of Siegert pseudostates. Using analytical and numerical arguments, it is shown that the subset of bound states and outgoing Siegert pseudostates forms a basis. Time evolution in the context of Siegert pseudostates is also investigated. From the Mittag-Leffler expansion of the outgoing-wave Green's function, the time-dependent expansion of a wave packet in terms of Siegert pseudostates is derived. In this expression, all Siegert pseudostates--bound, antibound, outgoing, and incoming--are employed. Each of these evolves in time in a nonexponential fashion. Numerical tests underline the accuracy of the method.
Reise som giennem en Deel af Norge i de Aar 1773, 1774, 1775 paa Hans Majestets Kongens Bekostning er giort og beskreven af Gerhard Schøning : 9
Creators: name: Schøning, Gerhard
name: Schmidt, C.T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1850

description: Innhold: a. 5 legg, i alt 526 s. b. 4 legg, i alt 210, 225, 208, 77 s. c. Tegninger og tillegg. 14 s., 104 illustrasjoner, 91 fotografier, kopier av de samme tegninger.
description: Kopi etter 2827f 4to i Gl. kgl. samling ved Det Kongelige bibliotek. Avskrevet og supplert med notater ved C.T. Schmidt.
description: Kopi.
Secondary beams at high-intensity electron accelerator facilities
Creators: name: Battaglieri, Marco
name: Bianconi, Andrea
name: Bondí, Mariangela
name: De Vita, Raffaella
name: Fulci, Antonino
name: Gosta, Giulia
name: Grazzi, Stefano
name: Jo, Hyon-Suk
name: Lee, Changhui
name: Mandaglio, Giuseppe
name: Mascagna, Valerio
name: Nagorna, Tetiana
name: Pilloni, Alessandro
name: Spreafico, Marco
name: Tagliapietra, Luca J
name: Venturelli, Luca
name: Vittorini, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction of a high-current $O$(100~\textmu A), medium energy $O$(10\,GeV) electron beam with a thick target $O$(1m) produces an overwhelming shower of standard matter particles in addition to hypothetical Light Dark Matter particles. While most of the radiation (gamma, electron/positron, and neutron) is contained in the thick target, deep penetrating particles (muons, neutrinos, and light dark matter particles) propagate over a long distance, producing high-intense secondary beams. Using sophisticated Monte Carlo simulations based on FLUKA and GEANT4, we explored the characteristics of secondary muons and neutrinos and (hypothetical) dark scalar particles produced by the interaction of Jefferson Lab 11 GeV intense electron beam with the experimental Hall-A beam dump. Considering the possible beam energy upgrade, this study was repeated for a 20 GeV CEBAF beam.
Beskrivelse over de i Nordmørs Fogderi og Stangvigs Præstegield i dette og forrige Aar skiede ulykkelige Hændelser af de sig der opholdende mengde Biørner
Creators: name: Meldal, I. M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0

description: Vedlegg: Pro memoria, dat. 4/5 1776, fra I. M. Meldal vedr. bjørnenes skadegjørelse i Stangviks prestegjeld
Increasing Kenya's Agricultural Competitiveness: Farm Level Issues
Creators: name: Nyoro, James K.
name: Wanzala, Maria N.
name: Awuor, Tom
name: Nyoro, James K.
name: Wanzala, Maria N.
name: Awuor, Tom
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Food Security
subject: Food Policy
subject: Kenya
subject: Maize
subject: Wheat
subject: Sugar

description: The objective of this paper is to address the farm level issues that affect the production costs and so the competitiveness of domestic food and commercial production. It compares domestic production prices of key food commodities with the equivalent parity prices to assess the extent to which the domestic prices for maize, wheat, and sugar, and export and domestic crops are competitive. This paper identifies and assesses the factors that influence domestic production costs. It also identifies strategies that could increase food and export crops’ productivity, by that reducing production costs and encourage competitiveness of the domestic production.
Radar evidence of subglacial liquid water on Mars
Creators: name: Orosei, R.
name: Lauro, S. E.
name: Pettinelli, E.
name: Cicchetti, A.
name: Coradini, M.
name: Cosciotti, B.
name: Di Paolo, F.
name: Flamini, E.
name: Mattei, E.
name: Pajola, M.
name: Soldovieri, F.
name: Cartacci, M.
name: Cassenti, F.
name: Frigeri, A.
name: Giuppi, S.
name: Martufi, R.
name: Masdea, A.
name: Mitri, G.
name: Nenna, C.
name: Noschese, R.
name: Restano, M.
name: Seu, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of liquid water at the base of the Martian polar caps has long been suspected but not observed. We surveyed the Planum Australe region using the Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding, a low-frequency radar on the Mars Express spacecraft. Radar profiles collected between May 2012 and December 2015, contain evidence of liquid water trapped below the ice of the South Polar Layered Deposits. Anomalously bright subsurface reflections were found within a well-defined, 20km wide zone centered at 193°E, 81°S, surrounded by much less reflective areas. Quantitative analysis of the radar signals shows that this bright feature has high dielectric permittivity >15, matching water-bearing materials. We interpret this feature as a stable body of liquid water on Mars.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures
Certification of incompatible measurements using quantum steering
Creators: name: Sarkar, Shubhayan
name: Saha, Debashis
name: Augusiak, Remigiusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we consider the problem of certification of quantum measurements with an arbitrary number of outcomes. We propose a simple scheme for certifying any set of $d$-outcome projective measurements which do not share any common invariant proper subspace, termed here genuinely incompatible, and the maximally entangled state of two qudits. For our purpose, we focus on a simpler scenario, termed as one-sided device-independent scenario where the resource employed for certification is quantum steering. We also study robustness of our self-testing statements for a certain class of genuinely incompatible measurements including mutually unbiased bases which are essential for several quantum information-theoretic tasks such as quantum cryptography.
description: close to the published version
Antibacterial Activity of Mimusops elengi Leaf, Seed and Bark Extracts Alone and in Combination with Antibiotics against Human Pathogenic Bacteria
Creators: name: Sircar, Bijayanta
name: Mandal, Shyamapada
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110899 Medical Microbiology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110303 Clinical Microbiology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 60599 Microbiology not elsewhere classified

description: Abstract

Aims: The current study determines the antibacterial activity of ‘Bakul’ (Mimusops elengi) leaf, seed and bark extracts against gram-negative clinical bacterial isolates as well as the standard bacterial strains.
Methods: The disc diffusion method was followed to determine the antibacterial activity of M. elengi leaf, seed and bark extracts against the clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antibiotic susceptibility of the bacterial isolates was determined by disc diffusion.
Results: The concentration dependent activity of the extracts against the bacteria was recorded with zone diameter of inhibition 7-21 mm. The extracts in combination with antibiotics (cefpodoxime, gentamycin and ciprofloxacin) had growth inhibitory indices (GIIs), 0.5-0.6, 0.5-0.89 and 0.73-0.82 against E. coli, K. pneumoniae and Pr. vulgaris clinical isolates, respectively, while for the standard strains (E. coli, K. pneumoniae and Ps. aeruginosa) the GIIs ranged 0.56-0.86. Most of the extracts were tested positive for the presence of flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, quinone and phenol.
Conclusion: The M. elengi leaf, seed and bark extracts, in combination with antibiotics, had synergistic interactions against all the standard bacterial strains and Pr. vulgaris clinical isolate, while both synergistic and additive interactions were recorded against E. coli and K. pneumoniae clinical isolates.
Measuring the Impacts of Prime-age Adult Death on Rural Households in Kenya
Creators: name: Yamano, Takashi
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Yamano, Takashi
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: HIV/AIDS
subject: Kenya
subject: agricultural production
subject: adult death

description: Using a two-year panel of 1,422 Kenyan households surveyed in 1997 and 2000, we measure how primeage adult mortality affects rural households’ size and composition, agricultural production, asset levels, and off-farm income. First, the paper uses adult mortality rates from available data on an HIV-negative sample from neighboring Tanzania to predict the number of deaths that might have been expected in the absence of HIV, and compares this to the number of deaths actually recorded over the survey interval in the Kenyan sample. Based on this procedure, only a quarter of the prime-age female deaths in the 25-34 age range and about half of the male deaths in the 35-44 year age range age range could have been predicted on the basis of the HIV-negative Tanzanian adult mortality rates. In the Nyanza area, the discrepancies were even larger over a broader number of age/sex ranges. This provides a strong indication that AIDS accounts for a large proportion of the recorded deaths for these age/sex categories, particularly in the Nyanza area. Next, using a household fixed-effects model that controls for time-varying effects, we measure changes in outcomes between households afflicted by adult mortality vs. those not afflicted over the three-year survey period. The effects of adult death are highly sensitive to the gender and position of the deceased family member in the household. Households suffering the death of the head -of-household or spouse incurred a greater-than-one person loss in household size. The death of a male household head between 16 and 59 years is associated with a 68% reduction in the net value of the household’s crop production. However, these results are sensitive to age ranges chosen. Female head-of-household or spouse mortality causes a greater decline in cereal area cultivated, while cash crops such as coffee, tea, and sugar are most adversely affected in households incurring the death of a prime-age male head. Off-farm income is also significantly affected by the death of the male head of household, but not in the case of other adult members. The death of other prime-age family members is partially offset by an inflow of other individuals into the family. Other prime-age family members’ mortality has less dramatic effects on the households’ agricultural production, assets, and off-farm income. Lastly, there is little indication that households are able to recover quickly from the effects of prime-age head-of-household adult mortality; the effects on crop and non-farm incomes do not decay at least over the three-year survey interval. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of these findings for agricultural research and extension programs as well as for safety net programs designed to cushion the impacts of prime-age adult death.
Local heat flux and energy loss in a 2D vibrated granular gas
Creators: name: Herbst, Olaf
name: Müller, Peter
name: Zippelius, Annette
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed event-driven simulations of a two-dimensional granular gas between two vibrating walls and directly measured the local heat flux and energy dissipation rate in the stationary state. Describing the local heat flux as a function of the coordinate x in the direction perpendicular to the driving walls, we use a generalization of Fourier's law, q_x(x) = kappa d_x T(x) + mu d_x rho(x), to relate the local heat flux to the local gradients of the temperature and density. This ansatz accounts for the fact that density gradients also generate heat flux, not only temperature gradients. The transport coefficients kappa and mu are assumed to be independent of x, and we check the validity of this assumption in the simulations. Both kappa and mu are determined for different system parameters, in particular, for a wide range of coefficients of restitution. We also compare our numerical results to existing hydrodynamic theories. Agreement is found for kappa for very small inelasticities only. Beyond this region, kappa and mu exhibit a striking non-monotonic behavior.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
title: Towards Model-Driven Engineering for Quantum AI
Creators: name: Moin, Armin
name: Challenger, Moharram
name: Badii, Atta
name: Günnemann, Stephan
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: model-driven engineering||artificial intelligence||machine learning||quantum computing||cyber-physical systems||internet of things

description: Over the past decade, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has provided enormous new possibilities and opportunities, but also new demands and requirements for software systems. In particular, Machine Learning (ML) has proven useful in almost every vertical application domain. In the decade ahead, an unprecedented paradigm shift from classical computing towards Quantum Computing (QC), with perhaps a quantum-classical hybrid model, is expected. We argue that the Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) paradigm can be an enabler and a facilitator, when it comes to the quantum and the quantum-classical hybrid applications. This includes not only automated code generation, but also automated model checking and verification, as well as model analysis in the early design phases, and model-to-model transformations both at the design-time and at the runtime. In this paper, the vision is focused on MDE for Quantum AI, particularly Quantum ML for the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) applications.
Alternative Mathematical Technique to Determine LS Spectral Terms
Creators: name: Xu, Renjun
name: Dai, Zhenwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We presented an alternative computational method for determining the permitted LS spectral terms arising from $l^N$ electronic configurations. This method makes the direct calculation of LS terms possible. Using only basic algebra, we derived our theory from LS-coupling scheme and Pauli exclusion principle. As an application, we have performed the most complete set of calculations to date of the spectral terms arising from $l^N$ electronic configurations, and the representative results were shown. As another application on deducing LS-coupling rules, for two equivalent electrons, we deduced the famous Even Rule; for three equivalent electrons, we derived a new simple rule.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. A
Analysis of $B_c \to τν_τ$ at CEPC
Creators: name: Zheng, Taifan
name: Xu, Ji
name: Cao, Lu
name: Yu, Dan
name: Wang, Wei
name: Prell, Soeren
name: Cheung, Yeuk-Kwan E.
name: Ruan, Manqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The precise determination of the $B_c \to τν_τ$ branching ratio provides an advantageous opportunity for understanding the electroweak structure of the Standard Model, measuring the CKM matrix element $|V_{cb}|$ and probing new physics models. In this paper, we discuss the potential of measuring the processes of $B_c \to τν_τ$ with $τ$ decaying leptonically at the proposed Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC). We conclude that during the $Z$ pole operation, the channel signal can achieve five $σ$ significance with $\sim 10^9$ $Z$ decays, and the signal strength accuracies for $B_c \to τν_τ$ can reach around 1% level at the nominal CEPC $Z$ pole statistics of one trillion $Z$ decays assuming the total $B_c \to τν_τ$ yield is $3.6 \times 10^6$. Our theoretical analysis indicates the accuracy could provide a strong constraint on the general effective Hamiltonian for the $b \to cτν$ transition. If the total $B_c$ yield can be determined to $\mathcal{O}(1\%)$ level of accuracy in the future, these results also imply $|V_{cb}|$ could be measured up to $\mathcal{O}(1\%)$ level of accuracy.
Early results from GLASS-JWST. XXVII. The mass-metallicity relation in lensed field galaxies at cosmic noon with NIRISS
Creators: name: He, Xianlong
name: Wang, Xin
name: Jones, Tucker
name: Treu, Tommaso
name: Glazebrook, K.
name: Malkan, Matthew A.
name: Vulcani, Benedetta
name: Metha, Benjamin
name: Bradač, Maruša
name: Brammer, Gabriel
name: Roberts-Borsani, Guido
name: Strait, Victoria
name: Bonchi, Andrea
name: Castellano, Marco
name: Fontana, Adriano
name: Mason, Charlotte
name: Merlin, Emiliano
name: Morishita, Takahiro
name: Paris, Diego
name: Santini, Paola
name: Trenti, Michele
name: Boyett, Kristan
name: Grasha, Kathryn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a measurement of the mass-metallicity relation (MZR) at cosmic noon, using the JWST near-infrared wide-field slitless spectroscopy obtained by the GLASS-JWST Early Release Science program. By combining the power of JWST and the lensing magnification by the foreground cluster A2744, we extend the measurements of the MZR to the dwarf mass regime at high redshifts. A sample of 50 galaxies with several emission lines is identified across two wide redshift ranges of $z=1.8-2.3$ and $2.6-3.4$ in the stellar mass range of $\log{(M_*/M_\odot)}\in [6.9, 10.0]$. The observed slope of MZR is $0.223 \pm 0.017$ and $0.294 \pm 0.010$ at these two redshift ranges, respectively, consistent with the slopes measured in field galaxies with higher masses. In addition, we assess the impact of the morphological broadening on emission line measurement by comparing two methods of using 2D forward modeling and line profile fitting to 1D extracted spectra. We show that ignoring the morphological broadening effect when deriving line fluxes from grism spectra results in a systematic reduction of flux by $\sim30\%$ on average. This discrepancy appears to affect all the lines and thus does not lead to significant changes in flux ratio and metallicity measurements. This assessment of the morphological broadening effect using JWST data presents, for the first time, an important guideline for future work deriving galaxy line fluxes from wide-field slitless spectroscopy, such as Euclid, Roman, and the Chinese Space Station Telescope.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
Developing Income Proxy Models for Use by Title II-funded NGOs in Kenya: A Technical Report for NGOs and USAID/Kenya
Creators: name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Mathenge, Mary K.
name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Mathenge, Mary K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Food Security
subject: Food Policy
subject: Income Proxy Model
subject: Kenya

description: This paper details the specific procedures utilized to develop the income proxy method for Kenya NGOs, reports on the performance of the method, and brings together in one place each part of the package needed to implement the method. The next section provides general background on income proxy methods; section III reports on the full income survey that formed the basis for development of the proxy method; section IV provides details on model development, including definition of income components, the types of proxy variables tested, and the performance of the models, while section V briefly explains how the models are to be used. Finally, section VI provides an overview of the rural economy in the study zone based on the detailed income data set collected by the NGOs.
Geranos: a Novel Tilted-Rotors Aerial Robot for the Transportation of Poles
Creators: name: Gorlo, Nicolas
name: Bamert, Samuel
name: Cathomen, Rafael
name: Käppeli, Gabriel
name: Müller, Mario
name: Reinhart, Tim
name: Stadler, Henriette
name: Shen, Hua
name: Cuniato, Eugenio
name: Tognon, Marco
name: Siegwart, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In challenging terrains, constructing structures such as antennas and cable-car masts often requires the use of helicopters to transport loads via ropes. The swinging of the load, exacerbated by wind, impairs positioning accuracy, therefore necessitating precise manual placement by ground crews. This increases costs and risk of injuries. Challenging this paradigm, we present Geranos: a specialized multirotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) designed to enhance aerial transportation and assembly. Geranos demonstrates exceptional prowess in accurately positioning vertical poles, achieving this through an innovative integration of load transport and precision. Its unique ring design mitigates the impact of high pole inertia, while a lightweight two-part grasping mechanism ensures secure load attachment without active force. With four primary propellers countering gravity and four auxiliary ones enhancing lateral precision, Geranos achieves comprehensive position and attitude control around hovering. Our experimental demonstration mimicking antenna/cable-car mast installations showcases Geranos ability in stacking poles (3 kg, 2 m long) with remarkable sub-5 cm placement accuracy, without the need of human manual intervention.
description: accepted at IEEE Robotics and Automation Magazine
MDE4QAI: Towards Model-Driven Engineering for Quantum Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Moin, Armin
name: Challenger, Moharram
name: Badii, Atta
name: Günnemann, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the past decade, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has provided enormous new possibilities and opportunities, but also new demands and requirements for software systems. In particular, Machine Learning (ML) has proven useful in almost every vertical application domain. In the decade ahead, an unprecedented paradigm shift from classical computing towards Quantum Computing (QC), with perhaps a quantum-classical hybrid model, is expected. We argue that the Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) paradigm can be an enabler and a facilitator, when it comes to the quantum and the quantum-classical hybrid applications. This includes not only automated code generation, but also automated model checking and verification, as well as model analysis in the early design phases, and model-to-model transformations both at the design-time and at the runtime. In this paper, the vision is focused on MDE for Quantum AI, particularly Quantum ML for the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) applications.
description: GI Quantum Computing Workshop - INFORMATIK 2022
Modeling of static and dynamic components of cutting force in sawing
Creators: name: Echeverri, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The research presented in this thesis is directed towards the development of models for the calculation of cutting forces in bandsaws. The motivation for this work is the search for a solution to the washboarding problem in sawing. Washboarding is a cutting accuracy problem that is often found in sawmills which causes losses in material and labor. The first chapter of this thesis presents a literature review of previous research conducted both in cutting mechanics and the washboarding problem. The references consulted indicate that the presence of lateral cutting forces is caused by unbalanced chip loads on the saw teeth during vibration. A survey in the literature in wood cutting reveals that no previous research is available which can be directly applied for the estimation of these lateral cutting forces in bandsawing. Therefore a series of models from metal cutting are studied and their application to wood cutting considered. The body of the work divides the cutting process in two major, independent components. The first part is the static process that would occur under unbalanced chip loads but no tool vibration. The second part is the portion of the process that creates components of force which depend upon the kinematics of the cutting process. A series of cutting models to estimate the forces under static conditions in bandsawing are proposed in the second chapter of the thesis. The third part of the work shows the development of a series of fundamental models that cover the analysis of the dynamics of the simple orthogonal cutting process. The theories proposed in that section are compared to the findings of other researchers and it is concluded that the model improves the understanding of the cutting process during tool vibrations. The fourth section of the work provides a series of experimental results that support the developments achieved for the static portion of the cutting force model for bandsawing. Finally, the last chapter of the thesis presents a series of conclusions and suggestions for reducing the washboarding problem by decreasing the magnitude of the lateral forces exerted in a vibrating bandsaw tooth.