cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Some aspects of Chinese syntax: A government-binding approach.
Creators: name: He, Yuanjian
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1990

description: Research on the Chinese language from the perspective of Government-Binding Theory requires the satisfactory execution of the GB modules in Chinese syntax. This thesis investigates a number of aspects of Mandarin Chinese syntax from this point of view. Chapter 1 outlines the GB framework and raises the issue of constituency in Chinese. Chapter 2 discusses a number of GB theorems with reference to Chinese. They include X-bar syntax and head ordering, the governing function of INFL, distribution of PRO and pro, 0- and Case-marking, Case-adjacency, the notion of accessible SUBJECT, empty-topic binding, the ECP and its rival approach, generalised binding. Chapter 3 examines the structural process of BA-insertion (object-marking) and BEI-insertion (passive-marking). It is argued that Move a should apply to [vp...NP...] where NP = [NP, VP/PP] and VP = a quanti-ficational phrase (QP), but restructuring to [NP, PP] which is at the same time a member of a higher argument structure. Chapter 4 investigates wh-quantifier constructions. A new COMP-marking system, Ett4H, +/-QUANO, is introduced to license syntactic wh-quantifier movement, whose trace needs to be locally bound if the moved wh-quantifier is an adjunct, but need not be locally bound if the moved wh-quantifier is a non-adjunct. Chapter 5 considers descriptive clause constructions. It is argued that there is an empty operator movement in descriptive clauses which display undounded dependency, and that descriptive clauses are not within the NPs they modify, as they differ from relative clauses in distribution and in escaping the CNPC. Chapter 6 analyses serial verb constructions. The long-standing issue of whether a V-V series is of coordinate or subordinate structure is re-examined. A subject-control analysis is proposed for these constructions, as they are more likely to be of a subordinate structure. Evidence for empty operator movement in some purposive constructions is also studied. Chapter 7 deals with the so-called pivotal constructions. It shows that determining the constituent structure of these constructions is the key to treating them as object-control, as there is no distinction between finite verbs and infinitives in Chinese. Chapter 9 attempts to treat subordinate clause constructions. It is shown that raising is not possible in these constructions containing the item BA, whose occurrence (in these constructions) is to Case-mark the object of the matrix verb, which becomes defective after suffixed with the particle 'De'. Other alternatives to BA-insertion are verb-reduplication, NP-movement (of the object of the matrix verb into the subject position of the subordinate clause), or the attachment of an additional verb to the matrix verb (hence the so-called "resultative verb-complement"). Evidence for not treating 'De' as a complementiser is independently produced. Chapter 9 summarises the findings of this thesis.
Supplementary_file-R1_1 – Supplemental material for Comparison in thermal stability and catalytic performance of H4PMo11VO40 heteropolyacid supported on mesoporous and macroporous silica materials
Creators: name: Zhang, Heng
name: Yang, Chunhao
name: Zhao, Shengying
name: Wang, Tingting
name: Zhu, Wancheng
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Supplemental material, Supplementary_file-R1_1 for Comparison in thermal stability and catalytic performance of H4PMo11VO40 heteropolyacid supported on mesoporous and macroporous silica materials by Heng Zhang, Chunhao Yang, Shengying Zhao, Tingting Wang and Wancheng Zhu in Journal of Chemical Research
Implementation of Alternative Grading Methods in a Mathematical Statistics Course
Creators: name: Curley, Brenna
name: Downey, Jillian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Alternative grading methods, such as standards-based grading, provide students multiple opportunities to demonstrate their understanding of the learning outcomes in a course. These grading methods allow for more flexibility and help promote a growth mindset by embracing constructive failure for students. Implementation of these alternative grading methods requires developing specific, transparent, and assessable standards. Moving away from traditional methods also requires a mindset shift for how both students and instructors approach assessment. While providing multiple opportunities is important for learning in any course, these methods are particularly relevant to an upper level mathematical statistics course where topics covered often provide an additional challenge for students as they lie at the intersection of both theory and application. By providing multiple opportunities, students have the space for constructive failure as they tackle learning both a conceptual understanding of statistics and the supporting mathematical theory. In this article we share our experiences—including both challenges and benefits for students and instructors—in implementing standards-based grading in the first semester of a mathematical statistics course (i.e., focus primarily on probability). Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
ER_Supp_Materials_RnR_v2 - Emotion Residue in Neutral Faces: Implications for Impression Formation
Creators: name: Albohn, Daniel N.
name: Adams, Reginald B.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: ER_Supp_Materials_RnR_v2 for Emotion Residue in Neutral Faces: Implications for Impression Formation by Daniel N. Albohn and Reginald B. Adams in Social Psychological and Personality Science
Supplementary_material_final_docx – Supplemental material for Four-year outcomes of aflibercept treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: Results from real-life setting
Creators: name: Lukic, Marko
name: Eleftheriadou, Maria
name: Hamilton, Robin D
name: Rajendram, Ranjan
name: Bucan, Kajo
name: Patel, Praveen J
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine

description: Supplemental material, Supplementary_material_final_docx for Four-year outcomes of aflibercept treatment for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: Results from real-life setting by Marko Lukic, Maria Eleftheriadou, Robin D Hamilton, Ranjan Rajendram, Kajo Bucan and Praveen J Patel in European Journal of Ophthalmology
title: Distribution of income in Iraq, 1971.
Creators: name: Issa, Shakir Musa
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1978

description: This study examines the size distribution of income and the degree of inequality in Iraq in 1971, by region, governorate and for the country as a whole, for households, individuals and socio-economic groups. It also examines changes in income distribution since 1954. The main findings are that the share of wages in national income declined from 1964 to 1971, and that wage rates in the oil, government and manufacturing sectors grew slower than did per capita income. From 1954 to 1961 there was a slight decline in inequality, but a sharp increase from 1961 to 1968. From 1968 to 1971 inequality again decreased in terms of both cash and adjusted income. In 1971, the degree of inequality was less when incomes were adjusted for such items as imputed rent and income in kind. The distribution for individuals was more equal than, that for households. There was a more unequal distribution in urban areas and the average incomes in urban are sis were greater than those of rural areas. Average incomes and the degree of inequality were higher in the Central region than in the Northern and Southern regions. Interregional comparisons of rural and urban distributions show rursil inequality to have been less than urban inequaG.ity in the Northern and Southern regions, while the reverse was true for the Central region. Both industrial and agricultural output, education and health services are concentrated in the Central region, where productivity and growth rates were highest during the 1956 to 1971 period. Highly skilled and qualified labour was also concentrated in the Central region - especially in Baghdad - where its income was, on average, one third higher than in the Southern region and one quarter higher than in the Northern region. The Kuznets hypothesis was supported by the data for the rural areas but not the urban areas or the country as a whole. In the rural areas equality was found to have been inversely related to the rate of population growth and the degree of urbanization and positively related to the primary school enrolment rate. In urban areas, equality was positively related to urbanization and population growth and to the urban literacy rate. The share of industry in GNP was inversely related to equality.
Gervais_OpenPracticesDisclosure_rev – Supplemental material for Do Religious Primes Increase Risk Taking? Evidence Against “Anticipating Divine Protection” in Two Preregistered Direct Replications of Kupor, Laurin, and Levav (2015)
Creators: name: Gervais, Will M.
name: McKee, Stephanie E.
name: Malik, Sarah
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: Neuroscience

description: Supplemental material, Gervais_OpenPracticesDisclosure_rev for Do Religious Primes Increase Risk Taking? Evidence Against “Anticipating Divine Protection” in Two Preregistered Direct Replications of Kupor, Laurin, and Levav (2015) by Will M. Gervais, Stephanie E. McKee and Sarah Malik in Psychological Science
title: The provincial government of the Mughals AD 1556-1659.
Creators: name: Saran, P.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1936

description: The subject of Mughal Polity forms one of the most fascinating chapters in the history of the Mughal Empire. But an adequate treatment of this subject still remains a desideratum, although the Importance of its study has long been realised. When, therefore, Dr. C.C. Davies suggested that 1 should work on the Provincial Administration of the Mughal, 1 regarded it as a most welcome opportunity of supplying the gap in some measure. But the subject being so vast I undertook the work with great misgivings. The study of Mughal political institutions is fraught with many difficulties, arising partly from paucity of materials and partly from the obscurity of the data furnished by the extant materials. I have, however, spared no pains in my endeavour to reconstruct as fair a picture of it as possible. Far be it from me, however, to claim finality for my conclusions or exhaustiveness for my treatment. Indeed, perhaps none realises more than I do now how much yet remains to be done in this field. My only hope is that my effort may stimulate further research in this subject which offers immense scope for work.
Nave_Supplemental_Material_rev – Supplemental material for Reflecting on the Evidence: A Reply to Knight, McShane, et al. (2020)
Creators: name: Nave, Gideon
name: Daviet, Remi
name: Nadler, Amos
name: Zava, David
name: Camerer, Colin
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: Neuroscience

description: Supplemental material, Nave_Supplemental_Material_rev for Reflecting on the Evidence: A Reply to Knight, McShane, et al. (2020) by Gideon Nave, Remi Daviet, Amos Nadler, David Zava and Colin Camerer in Psychological Science
title: The Kingdom of Bijapur.
Creators: name: Joshi, P. M.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1935

description: This thesis deals with the little known but much needed history of the Adilshahi kingdom of Bijapur. Flourishing as this kingdom did with the other Deccan sultanates, its policy affords an insight into the disintegration and disunion among the Muslim states of the Deccan during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. The significance of this cannot be overrated. For, it was the perpetual quarrels between the sultanates and the bitter dissensions in them between Sunnis and Shias, between Deccanis and Pardesis, that invited the Mughals to the south, and enabled the Marathas to consolidate their power. The petty principalities with their petty cabals could seldom gauge the common danger or concert common measures for common safety. The only redeeming feature was the formation of the Muslim confederacy which resulted in the destruction of the Hindu Empire of Vijayanagar. The attempts to dislodge the Portuguese, however, proved utterly unavailing. And after the victory over Vijayanagar, the normal internecine warfare once more flared up in the Deccan, never to abate till the end. In this period of storm and stress general administration was completely neglected; it remained as it was under the Bahmanis save for a few incidental modifications. I have, therefore, given only a short sketch of the Adilshahi administration. I have devoted two chapters to the social and economic conditions of the kingdom, and I have also made an attempt to deal with the prominent features of the cultural aspects of Adilshani rule.
Supplemental_material – Supplemental material for Expression of Key Androgen-Activating Enzymes in Ovarian Steroid Cell Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified
Creators: name: Evana Valenzuela Scheker
name: Kathuria, Amita
name: Ashwini Esnakula
name: Sasano, Hironobu
name: Yuto Yamazaki
name: Tevosian, Sergei
name: Auchus, Richard J.
name: Ghayee, Hans K.
name: Dhir, Gauri
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplemental material, Supplemental_material for Expression of Key Androgen-Activating Enzymes in Ovarian Steroid Cell Tumor, Not Otherwise Specified by Evana Valenzuela Scheker, Amita Kathuria, Ashwini Esnakula, Hironobu Sasano, Yuto Yamazaki, Sergei Tevosian, Richard J. Auchus, Hans K. Ghayee and Gauri Dhir in Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports
Supplementary_file_BJP_April27 – Supplemental material for Psycho-sensory relationships in chronic pain
Creators: name: Harvie, Daniel S
name: Vasco, Daniela
name: Sterling, Michele
name: Low-Choy, Samantha
name: Niederstrasser, Nils G
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111702 Aged Health Care
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplemental material, Supplementary_file_BJP_April27 for Psycho-sensory relationships in chronic pain by Daniel S Harvie, Daniela Vasco, Michele Sterling, Samantha Low-Choy and Nils G Niederstrasser in British Journal of Pain
final_Appendix – Supplemental material for The Source of the Legislative Professionalism Advantage: Attracting More Knowledgeable Candidates
Creators: name: Nemerever, Zoe
name: Butler, Daniel
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 120505 Regional Analysis and Development
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography

description: Supplemental material, final_Appendix for The Source of the Legislative Professionalism Advantage: Attracting More Knowledgeable Candidates by Zoe Nemerever and Daniel Butler in State Politics & Policy Quarterly
Table_4S – Supplemental material for Professional Development to Support Teachers’ Implementation of Intensive Reading Intervention: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: McMaster, Kristen L.
name: Baker, Kristi
name: Donegan, Rachel
name: Hugh, Maria
name: Sargent, Katherine
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 130312 Special Education and Disability
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Supplemental material, Table_4S for Professional Development to Support Teachers’ Implementation of Intensive Reading Intervention: A Systematic Review by Kristen L. McMaster, Kristi Baker, Rachel Donegan, Maria Hugh and Katherine Sargent in Remedial and Special Education
Incident Beamline Design for a Modern Cold Triple Axis Spectrometer at the High Flux Isotope Reactor
Creators: name: Granroth, G. E.
name: Daum, M.
name: Aczel, A. A.
name: Williams, T. J.
name: Winn, B.
name: Fernandez-Baca, J. A.
name: Mourigal, M.
name: Lumsden, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A modern cold triple axis spectrometer is being planned for the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. Here, we describe the design of an incident beamline that will put a flux of $\sim 10^8\mathrm{\frac{n}{cm^2 s}}$ on a sample with an area of 2 cm x 2 cm. It takes current physical constraints at HFIR into account and it can accommodate both single and multiplexed analyzer-detector secondary spectrometers and large superconducting magnets. The proposed incident beamline includes a multi-channel guide with horizontal focusing, a neutron velocity selector, components to facilitate an incident beam polarization option, and a double-focusing pyrolytic graphite monochromator. This work describes the process of optimizing the guide system and monochromator and summarizes the expected performance of the incident beamline for non-polarized operation.
title: The position of women in the Vedic Ritual.
Creators: name: Chaudhuri, J.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1934

description: In this Thesis an attempt has been made to show that in Vedic Ritual women hold a no less honourable position than man. In the introductory Chapter we see that women have the right to offer Sacrifices, but whereas the maiden and the Brahma-vadini can offer in their own exclusive rights, the Wife cannot do so. This limitation of the Wife is counterbalanced by the fact that the Husband also cannot offer Sacrifices in his awn exclusive right. In the second Chapter it is seen that the Daughter has in no way a lase honoured or responsible position than the son in the Vedic Ritual. The third Chapter shows that in the Vedic Ritual the Wife holds as important a position as the husband - the limitations and facilities beings Always counterbalanced. The fourth Chapter shows the Mother as the highest Guru, and the rites performed by her and for her lead to same conclusion. So the above conclusion has been reached.
title: The Sultanate of Delhi, (1206-1290 A.D.).
Creators: name: Habibullah, A. B M
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1936

description: Of all the periods in the history of Muslim rule in India, the first century after the Turkish conquest is perhaps the least well known. It is probably due more to a lack of interest in the period in which a superficial reader does not find anything else than mass slaughter, palace intrigue, factious rule and, at best, an interesting story of the rule of a typical eastern despot, than to a scarcity of materials. On the contrary, in some respects, the period is more important than any of the succeeding centuries of Muslim rule. For the first time the Indian people were faced with a conquering race who firmly maintained their religious and cultural traditions, and unlike others in the past refused to be absorbed by the ever elastic Hinduism, The centuries-old traditions of government and society were for the first time forcibly replaced by foreign impositions, which formed the basis of the governmental and social structure of the succeeding centuries. Alarmed at the attitude of the conquerors in maintaining their racial and cultural identity, the Hindu princes who had half-heartedly opposed the invasion in this fond hope, made, towards the end of the century, great, though sporadic and unsuccessful efforts to dislodge them. It was in the same century that we can trace the first signs of the fusion of the newer elements with the old, that have gone, like many others in the past, to the making of the people and culture of that unhappy but picturesque country. Viewed in this light the XIII century is worth more careful study than has hitherto been devoted to it. The thesis, which covers the period from 1187 to 1290 approximately, is mainly political, though, but for the want of time, the last three chapters could have been further elaborated from the materials which a patient investigation would further reveal.
Supplememtary_Tables – Supplemental material for Terminal withdrawal of mechanical ventilation in adult intensive care units: A systematic review and narrative synthesis of perceptions, experiences and practices
Creators: name: Efstathiou, Nikolaos
name: Vanderspank-Wright, Brandi
name: Vandyk, Amanda
name: Al-Janabi, Mustafa
name: Daham, Zeinab
name: Sarti, Aimee
name: Delaney, Jesse W
name: Downar, James
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110308 Geriatrics and Gerontology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111702 Aged Health Care
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplemental material, Supplememtary_Tables for Terminal withdrawal of mechanical ventilation in adult intensive care units: A systematic review and narrative synthesis of perceptions, experiences and practices by Nikolaos Efstathiou, Brandi Vanderspank-Wright, Amanda Vandyk, Mustafa Al-Janabi, Zeinab Daham, Aimee Sarti, Jesse W Delaney and James Downar in Palliative Medicine
sj-pdf-1-hij-10.1177_1940161220925023 - Supplemental material for Political Agenda Setting in the Hybrid Media System: Why Legacy Media Still Matter a Great Deal
Creators: name: Langer, Ana Ines
name: Gruber, Johannes B.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 200199 Communication and Media Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-hij-10.1177_1940161220925023 for Political Agenda Setting in the Hybrid Media System: Why Legacy Media Still Matter a Great Deal by Ana Ines Langer and Johannes B. Gruber in The International Journal of Press/Politics
title: Position of the sudras in Ancient India to 500 A.D.
Creators: name: Sharma, Ram Sharan
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1956

description: This thesis presents a chronological survey of the position of the sudras down to circa A.D. 500. The first chapter discusses the reasons for the absence of works on the sudras, whose disabilities could not be justified by modern standards. The second chapter questions the theory that the sudras were pre-Aryans, and suggests that large groups of Aryans were also reduced to that position. The third chapter reviews the ambiguous position of the sudras in the later Vedic period, when they could participate in some Vedic rituals and were excluded from others. This seems to have been the result of their old membership of Aryan tribal society and later degradation in varna society. The fourth chapter shows that during the pre-Mauryan period the heterogeneous elements included in the sudra community finally became the working class of varna-divided society, and that various economic, politico-legal, social and religious disabilities were imposed on them. In this and subsequent chapters attention has been paid to the study of their material conditions and their connection with slaves. The fifth chapter throws light on the large scale employment of slaves and hired labourers in state farms and the requisitioning of sudra labour in bringing virgin soil under cultivation by the Mauryan state. The sixth chapter examines the nature of the extremist measures of Manu against the sudras in the post-Mauryan period and suggests that they were probably the product of internal and external convulsions, which undermined the old position of sudras as semi-slaves. The seventh chapter deals with the question of their transformation into peasants, their growing importance as artisans and traders and their admission to certain religious rights, which meant a radical change in their position. The last chapter indicates the possible reasons for the comparative calmness of the labouring masses in ancient Indian society.
No-exclaves percolation on random networks
Creators: name: Min, Byungjoon
name: Park, Eun-Kyu
name: Gwak, Sang-Hwan
name: Goh, K. -I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: No-exclaves percolation (NExP) is a nonlocal percolation process in which the components are formed not only by the connected occupied nodes but also by the agglomeration of empty nodes completely surrounded by the occupied nodes. It has been studied in low dimensions, displaying such novel phenomena as the discontinuous transition to complete percolation. However, its characteristics in complex networks are still unexplored. In this paper, we study the NExP on random networks by developing mean-field solutions using the generating function formalism. Our theory allows us to determine the size of the giant no-exclaves component as well as the percolation threshold, which are in excellent agreements with Monte Carlo simulations on random networks and some real-world networks. We show that on random networks NExP exhibits three phases and two transitions between them: the phases are characterized by the presence or absence of not only the giant NExP component but also the giant unoccupied component, which is the giant connected component composed solely of unoccupied nodes. This work offers theoretical understanding on the anatomy of phase transitions in the NExP process.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
title: The Indo-Greeks: A numismatic and historical study.
Creators: name: Narain, Awadh Kishore
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1954

description: (CH. I) The Indo-Greeks or the Yavanas were not all hellenistic Greeks settled by Alexander and the Seleucids; they consisted also of earlier settlers, who were anti-Macedonian and who had probably mixed with the Iranians. Their history must be studied against two backgrounds : the aftermath of Alexander's invasion and the fall of the Mauryan Empire. (CH. II) Their rise to power was the result of a revolt by Diodotus I. the consolidation of their kingdom was achieved by Euthydemus I and his son Demetrius I. The far reaching conquests in India claimed for Demetrius I are rejected and an attempt is made to show that the Demetrius who is said to have conquered India by the Western Classical sources was probably second Demetrius who struck bilingual coins. (CH. III) The extension of Yavana Power in the Paropamisadae and Gandhara Pantaleon and was made by Antimachus I, his successor Demetrius II/Agathocles. Eucratides successfully rebelled and annexed much of their in kingdom. He was not related to the Seleucid Antiochus IV. The Joint-king who murdered Eucratides I was possibly Plato. There is no proof of the existence of Apollodotus I. (CH. IV) The climax of the Yavana Power was reached during the reign of Menander, the greatest of the Yavana kings. The actual extent of his kingdom in India is discussed and due importance is given to the existence of regional Indian Powers in Madhyadesa. The evidence of the Yuga-purana is analysed, and several hitherto accepted views are rejecected. The Yavana kingdom at its climax did not extend beyond the Ravi. (CH. V) The kings after Eucratides and Menander are divided into groups on the basis of their coin-types and are dealt with the help of the geographical distribution of coins and the use of common monograms. The discussion of Apollodotus is continued to show that there was only one king of this name. A gap of fifteen years is proposed in the long reign of Strato I. (CH. VI) It has been shown that three distinct peoples, the Sakas, the Pahlavas and the Yueh-chih, overthrew the Yavana Power from three different directions at different times,. Their movements are clearly distinguished. The Yueh-chih finally occupied Bactria proper much later than 129-28 B.C., and there was a long gap between Hermaeus and Kujula Kadhphises. Three Appendices, five plates and three Maps and a select Bibliography are included.
The Influence of Chemical Strains on the Electrocaloric Response, Polarization Morphology, Tetragonality and Negative Capacitance Effect of Ferroelectric Core-Shell Nanorods and Nanowires
Creators: name: Morozovska, Anna N.
name: Eliseev, Eugene A.
name: Kovalenko, Olha A.
name: Evans, Dean R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire (LGD) approach we proposed the analytical description of the chemical strains influence on the spontaneous polarization and electrocaloric response in ferroelectric core-shell nanorods. We postulate that the nanorod core presents a defect-free single-crystalline ferroelectric material, and the elastic defects are accumulated in the ultra-thin shell, where they can induce tensile or compressive chemical strains. The finite element modeling (FEM) based on the LGD approach reveals transitions of domain structure morphology induced by the chemical strains in the BaTiO3 nanorods. Namely, tensile chemical strains induce and support the single-domain state in the central part of the nanorod, while the curled domain structures appear near the unscreened or partially screened ends of the rod. The vortex-like domains propagate toward the central part of the rod and fill it entirely, when the rod is covered by a shell with compressive chemical strains above some critical value. The critical value depends on the nanorod sizes, aspect ratio, and screening conditions at its ends. Both analytical theory and FEM predict that the tensile chemical strains in the shell increase the nanorod polarization, lattice tetragonality, and electrocaloric response well-above the values corresponding to the bulk material. The physical reason of the increase is the strong electrostriction coupling between the mismatch-type elastic strains induced in the core by the chemical strains in the shell. Comparison with the earlier XRD data confirmed an increase of tetragonality ratio in tensiled BaTiO3 nanorods compared to the bulk material.
description: 37 pages, including 8 figures and 3 Appendices
Detection of extragalactic magnetic massive stars
Creators: name: Hubrig, S.
name: Schöller, M.
name: Jarvinen, S. P.
name: Cikota, A.
name: Abdul-Masih, M.
name: Escorza, A.
name: Jayaraman, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies of the magnetic characteristics of massive stars have recently received significant attention because they are progenitors of highly magnetised compact objects. Stars initially more massive than about 8M_sun leave behind neutron stars and black holes by the end of their evolution. The merging of binary compact remnant systems produces astrophysical transients detectable by gravitational wave observatories. Studies of magnetic fields in massive stars with low metallicities are of particular interest because they provide important information on the role of magnetic fields in the star formation of the early Universe. While several detections of massive Galactic magnetic stars have been reported in the last few decades, the impact of a low-metallicity environment on the occurrence and strength of stellar magnetic fields has not yet been explored. Because of the similarity between Of?p stars in the Magellanic Clouds (MCs) and Galactic magnetic Of?p stars, which possess globally organised magnetic fields, we searched for magnetic fields in Of?p stars in the MCs. Additionally, we observed the massive contact binary Cl* NGC 346 SSN7 in the Small Magellanic Cloud to test the theoretical scenario that the origin of magnetic fields involves a merger event or a common envelope evolution. We obtained and analysed measurements of the magnetic field in four massive Of?p stars in the MCs and the binary Cl* NGC 346 SSN7 using the ESO/VLT FORS2 spectrograph in spectropolarimetric mode. We detected kilogauss-scale magnetic fields in two Of?p-type stars and in the contact binary Cl* NGC 346 SSN7. These results suggest that the impact of low metallicity on the occurrence and strength of magnetic fields in massive stars is low. However, because the explored stellar sample is very small, additional observations of massive stars in the MCs are necessary.
description: 7 pages, 2 tables, 8 figures, published as a letter in A&A
title: The economic life of Northern India in the Gupta Period, cir. A.D. 300-550.
Creators: name: Maity, Sachindra Kumar
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1956

description: This thesis is a study of the economic history of Gupta India as far as it can be re-constructed from the available sources. By utilizing material not hitherto studied in this connection we believe that we have thrown fresh light on several aspects of the subject. The first chapter deals with previous work on the subject, and the sources used. In Chapter II we study the land system. We have made a specially detailed study of the surviving inscriptions relating to the transfer of land, and in several respects have tried to throw new light on the subject. In our study of the units of measurement used we have tried to establish equivalences by thorough examination of the evidence, and for the first time we have also noticed the great demand for land in the Gupta period. Our third chapter deals with the revenue system; in this we have carefully studied the terms used in our sources, and attempted to explain several on which there is difference of opinion among scholars. The fourth chapter, dealing with agriculture and stockbreeding, throws some new light on the conditions of the time, by reference to the works of Varaahamihira and Amara, which have not hitherto been used for this purpose. Our chapter on Industry - the fifth - studies the subject both in the light of the written sources and of archaeology. The sixth chapter on trade and commerce contains sections on both internal and external trade; in the latter section contemporary Western and Chinese sources have been utilized, and throw some new light on India's maritime trade. In our study of labour conditions, Chapter VII, we have collated the evidence of inscriptions and legal texts on slavery, forced labour and hired labour. Chapter VIII deals with corporate economic life; we compare references to this in our own period with those in earlier sources, and conclude that guild organization greatly developed under the Guptas. Our ninth and final chapter deals with the currency system; here we attempt a study of Gupta coinage from the economic point of view, and adduce certain new conclusions from our tests of the purity of Gupta gold coins; we also consider moneylending in the period, and conclude that it greatly increased as compared with earlier times. Our work contains a three appendices; the first is a summary of Varahamihira's forecasts relating to economic life, which we believe are of some significance in assessing the economic situation of the time; the second is a synoptic table of the contents of the documents relating to land-sale of our period; and the third appendix gives the results of our specific gravity tests of Gupta coins.
title: The history of civilisation of the people of Assam to the twelfth century A.D.
Creators: name: Choudhury, Pratap Chandra
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1953

description: As the title indicates, the scope of my work covers a wide field of study, including both the political and cultural history of Assam from the dawn of history until the end of the 12th century A.D. No systematic investigation has yet been made into the history of the land. My aim is to trace the origin of the composite culture of Assam and to find the missing links between this land and India on the one side and South-east Asia on the other. On an examination of the materials, which has not yet been properly done by any previous writer on the subject, I have tried to throw light on some obscure points and have traced the origin of that composite culture as far as possible. I have begun with the geography of the land in order to show that Assam was known to the outside world from the dawn of its history, and that its physical features contributed much to the heterogeneous cultures of Assam. Next I have dealt with the Racial problems, the migration and settlement of the various elements, showing that this land contained some primitive peoples and had links with South-east Asia on the one side and India on the other. For the study of racial elements, I have had to depend upon prehistoric remains, such as neoliths, megaliths and the like, and upon primitive survivals in the present dwellers of the hills and plains of Assam. My emphasis is on the non-Aryan foundation of Assam's culture, which I have tried to substantiate with the help of the existing materials. In dealing next with the political history, divided into five sections, I have traced the origin of the political dynasty in Assam, which, I believe, was founded by the Alpine-Aryans during the protohistoric period. I have traced the evolution of the political history in its different periods until the end of the Pala line of kings, and have shown that Assam had something to contribute to the political history of India as a whole and that diplomatically its history was closely linked up with contemporary India. Lastly in my chapter on cultural history, divided into five sections bearing on society, economic life, education and literature, religion and monuments, I have tried to go into the origin of each aspect of these subjects and to show the respective contributions made by the Aryan and non-Aryan elements of the province. I have come to the conclusion that the virgin soil of Assam had a significant history of its own and contributed equally to the Indian political and cultural life. The thesis contains a few illustrations and two maps.
title: Kingship in Northern India, (cir. 600 A.D.-1200 A.D.).
Creators: name: Singh, Ram Chandra Prasad
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1957

description: The present work is a study of kingship in its different aspects in Northern India from A.D. 600 to 1200. After a brief introduction the thesis considers the complications of the Sanskrit word rajya which has been generally accepted as meaning State; it is here suggested that the word stands for monarchical government. An examination of the concept of Indian kingship and its comparison with the doctrines of Dante follow. Several doctrines of the origin of kingship existed in Early India, but only the doctrines of divine and magical origin appear to have survived in our period. An analysis of the available materials shows that the divinity of the king was both claimed and recognised. It is shown in the fourth chapter that the typical ruler of our period possessed political, economic, social, religious, judicial and military powers and acted independently of his councillors. These characteristics of Indian kings are comparable with those of the absolute monarch of Aristotle. Therefore it is contended that absolute monarchy prevailed in our period. In the fifth chapter the royal duties both in theory and practice are dealt with, and we show that the performance of these duties depended upon the character of the king. The chapter concludes by demonstrating that there was no effective check on the negligent king. Chapter six is devoted to the study of the problem of the ultimate ownership of land, and on the evidence of literary, epigraphic and foreign accounts it is suggested that the king was looked on as the owner of the soil. Our final chapter deals with the foreign relations of the king. It is shown that friendly and peaceful relations with other kings were often advocated in theory, but in fact the policy of 'blood and iron' dominated international affairs. In the conclusion we compare Indian kingship with that of Islam, and consider its possible contribution to the weak resistance of the Hindus to the Muslim invaders.
Supplemental Material, jmr.18.0470-File003 - The Positive Effect of Not Following Others on Social Media
Creators: name: Valsesia, Francesca
name: Proserpio, Davide
name: Nunes, Joseph C.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150402 Hospitality Management
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Supplemental Material, jmr.18.0470-File003 for The Positive Effect of Not Following Others on Social Media by Francesca Valsesia, Davide Proserpio and Joseph C. Nunes in Journal of Marketing Research
A novel two-field pure K-essence for inflation, dark matter, dark energy and black holes
Creators: name: Gao, Changjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: K-essence theories are usually studied in the framework of one scalar field $ϕ$. Namely, the Lagrangian of K-essence is the function of scalar field $ϕ$ and its covariant derivative. However, in this paper, we explore a two-field pure K-essence, i.e. the corresponding Lagrangian is the function of covariant derivatives of two scalar fields without the dependency of scalar fields themselves. That is why we call it pure K-essence. The novelty of this K-essence is that its Lagrangian contains the quotient term of the kinetic energies from the two scalar fields. This results in the presence of many interesting features, for example, the equation of state can be arbitrarily small and arbitrarily large. As a comparison, the range for equation of state of quintessence is from $-1$ to $+1$. Interestingly, this novel K-essence can play the role of inflation field, dark matter and dark energy. Finally, the absence of the scalar fields themselves in the equations of motion makes the study considerable simple such that even the exact black hole solutions can be found.
description: 12 pages,18 figures
Setting up Research Projects Where Code Is Relevant
Creators: name: Müller, Rabea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Research Software
Open Science
Reproducibility
FAIR Principles
Git
GitLab
Version Control
Git Workflows
Repository Management
Task Tracking
Research Collaboration

description: Are you leading or participating in research projects where team members write code for data analysis, computations, or model development? This workshop explores best practices for setting up and managing such projects to ensure efficiency, collaboration, and sustainability.

Key topics include:

Project Management with Git: Organizing project structure and documentation

Task Tracking: Using GitLab Issues and Issue Board

Team Collaboration: Onboarding new team members and defining roles

Coding Standards: Establishing best practices for code quality and maintainability

This workshop is designed for researchers and PIs who want to run projects involving code effectively and in alignment with the Guidelines for the Development and Distribution of Software at Forschungszentrum Jülich.
title: Trispyrazolyl Borate Iron Thiolate Complexes and the Dependence of their O2‐Reactivity on the Reaction Space
Creators: name: Weißer, Kilian
name: Cula, Beatrice
name: Limberg, Christian
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Dioxygenase
subject: Non-heme iron
subject: Thiolate
subject: Oxidation
subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten

description: The work presented here investigates whether the TpMesFe+ moiety, which had been previously found to mediate the dioxygenation of cysteine and cysteamine, can do the same with simple thiols, which are not functionalized by an amine group. Accordingly, the complexes TpMesFeSR (R=Ph, iPr) were synthesized and after full characterization exposed to O2. They were found to react unselectively to yield sulfinates, disulfides, and thiosulfones as products. The sulfinate complex TpMesFeO2S‐p‐Tol was prepared independently and found to be air‐stable, suggesting that the additional products are not formed via overoxidation or subsequent reactions of coordinated sulfinate product. To investigate whether the larger reaction space, opened up due to the missing amine donor is responsible, a Tp‐ligand functionalized by a pyridyl donor was employed. A corresponding Tp‐iron(II) chlorido complex was prepared and converted through salt metathesis reactions into the respective thiolate analogues, which were fully characterized and structurally authenticated. However, subsequent O2 reactivity studies did not show an improved selectivity. The reason may lie in a more open reaction pocket in combination with an electronic situation which is less ideal than in case of TpMesFe(cysteamine).
title: "Ku chin hsiao shuo": A critical examination.
Creators: name: Birch, Cyril
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1954

description: The thesis is arranged in three parts. Part One is a survey of the known facts concerning the Ku chin hsiao shuo collection and its compiler, Feng Meng-lung. The intention in Part Two is to further knowledge of the history of colloquial Chinese fiction. Evidence is assembled anti evaluated which relates to the probable periods of composition of the various stories, and to the extent to which they were rexised for publication in the collection. On the basis of the evidence examined, distinctions are made between stories belonging to an oral tradition and originating in the Sung period; stories written or re-written during the Ming period in pursuance of the same tradition; and stories which have closer affinities with the purely written genres. The functions of the editor of the collection are held to have consisted of arrangement and commentary rather than of large-scale revision. Part Two concludes with a detailed description of the hua-pen story as a literary genre. In The third and major part of the thesis, the stories are classified according to subject-matter and criticized individually and in detail. Wherever possible, a description is given of the raw material used by the unknown author. Techniques are analyzed, and the stories evaluated and related to the main branches of Chinese fiction. It is shown that the stories of the highest merit are in general those of the greatest realism, and in particular those of the love and crime groups. Almost all the heroic stories are closely based on fact; they have their own conventions and points of merit. The supernatural is used, as a rule, for worthier ends than mere spine-chilling. In all cases where earlier versions exist, the stories of the collection represent an advance in the art of fiction.
Rational cohomology of $\mathcal M_{4,1}$
Creators: name: Wong, Yiu Man
name: Zheng, Angelina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H10

description: We compute the rational cohomology of the moduli space $\mathcal{M}_{4,1}$ of non-singular genus $4$ curves with $1$ marked point, using Gorinov-Vassiliev's method.
description: 20 pages, comments are welcome