cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Holographic superconductors in 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with backreactions
Creators: name: Pan, Jie
name: Qiao, Xiongying
name: Wang, Dong
name: Pan, Qiyuan
name: Nie, Zhang-Yu
name: Jing, Jiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the holographic superconductors away from the probe limit in the consistent $D\rightarrow4$ Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity. We observe that, both for the ground state and excited states, the critical temperature first decreases then increases as the curvature correction tends towards the Chern-Simons limit in a backreaction dependent fashion. However, the decrease of the backreaction, the increase of the scalar mass, or the increase of the number of nodes will weaken this subtle effect of the curvature correction. Moreover, for the curvature correction approaching the Chern-Simons limit, we find that the gap frequency $ω_g/T_c$ of the conductivity decreases first and then increases when the backreaction increases in a scalar mass dependent fashion, which is different from the finding in the ($3+1$)-dimensional superconductors that increasing backreaction increases $ω_g/T_c$ in the full parameter space. The combination of the Gauss-Bonnet gravity and backreaction provides richer physics in the scalar condensates and conductivity in the ($2+1$)-dimensional superconductors.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2005.01007
Propagation of the wave front on untransposed overhead and underground transmission lines
Creators: name: Lee, Kai-Chung
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The propagation of the switching surge wave front on multiphase power lines was investigated by modal analysis and conventional Fourier Transformation. A 500 kV untransposed, three-phase transmission line, for which field test results were available, was chosen as a test case. Phase A of this test line was excited from a double exponential voltage source and the voltage response at the receiving end was calculated and measured in all three phases. The calculated voltage arrival time matched closely the measured value, and was very close to the time taken by electromagnetic waves in air at a speed of 0.3 km/μs. The calculated voltage response curves also came close to the measured results (errors within 8%).
Cultural approach to circular economy. Preliminary analysis of intangible Toraja's vernacular architecture and its potential application on the coffee value chain
Creators: name: Premier, Alessandro
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120105 Architecture Management
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120199 Architecture not elsewhere classified

description: This item was presented in Auckland at the: Rethinking Sustainable Pacific Rim Territories. Proceedings of the 2020 APRU Sustainable Cities and Landscapes Hub PhD SymposiumDate: 14-18/12/20Editors: Paola Boarin, Errol Haarhoff, Manfredo Manfredini, Mohsen Mohammadzadeh, Alessandro Premier

ISBN: 978-0-473-53616-9
ABSTRACT The research found that the coffee value chain operates in a long linear path and has not adopted the local wisdom point of view. The real actors in the primary stage are community-based stakeholders. To employ the circular economy framework as the latest sustainable approach to the value chain, then the gap of the social value of the societal structure and the culture in a circular economy that mainly unexplored must be developed. Vernacular architecture represents the social and cultural value. This value has to be understood, translated, and employed in the framework. This research aims to create a framework for the community-based coffee value chain by adapting a circular economy framework with added social value and culture. It is done by analyzing the vernacular architecture values and the coffee culture where both are in the same frame of the cultural landscape, with case study Toraja. Furthermore, this paper will focus on the value of the carving motifs of Toraja vernacular architecture, which are part of the vernacular architecture's material symbols and its meaning in the social value and its interweaving with the coffee culture. The research employs a qualitative research methodology with a case study approach.
RLAD: Reinforcement Learning from Pixels for Autonomous Driving in Urban Environments
Creators: name: Coelho, Daniel
name: Oliveira, Miguel
name: Santos, Vitor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current approaches of Reinforcement Learning (RL) applied in urban Autonomous Driving (AD) focus on decoupling the perception training from the driving policy training. The main reason is to avoid training a convolution encoder alongside a policy network, which is known to have issues related to sample efficiency, degenerated feature representations, and catastrophic self-overfitting. However, this paradigm can lead to representations of the environment that are not aligned with the downstream task, which may result in suboptimal performances. To address this limitation, this paper proposes RLAD, the first Reinforcement Learning from Pixels (RLfP) method applied in the urban AD domain. We propose several techniques to enhance the performance of an RLfP algorithm in this domain, including: i) an image encoder that leverages both image augmentations and Adaptive Local Signal Mixing (A-LIX) layers; ii) WayConv1D, which is a waypoint encoder that harnesses the 2D geometrical information of the waypoints using 1D convolutions; and iii) an auxiliary loss to increase the significance of the traffic lights in the latent representation of the environment. Experimental results show that RLAD significantly outperforms all state-of-the-art RLfP methods on the NoCrash benchmark. We also present an infraction analysis on the NoCrash-regular benchmark, which indicates that RLAD performs better than all other methods in terms of both collision rate and red light infractions.
description: in IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering
CULTIVATING SHARED WEALTH: THE IMPACT OF REGIONAL UNIVERSITIES ON LOCAL ECONOMIC GROWTH
Creators: name: Dr. Sara, Mendez
Publisher: name: AYDEN JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: common prosperity, Fifth Plenary Session, Zhejiang Province, higher education, regional economic development

description: The pursuit of common prosperity is a central objective outlined in the Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC). It is not merely an economic endeavor but a crucial political imperative linked to the Party's governance foundation. Zhejiang Province's release of the "Implementation Plan for Zhejiang's High-Quality Development and Construction of Common Wealth Demonstration Area (2021-2025)" underscores the significance of this pursuit, reinforcing its multidimensional importance in both economic and political domains. This context necessitates the active involvement of local universities in aligning with this overarching mission, seizing the opportunity to contribute to regional economic development, and facilitating the realization of common prosperity. In the current era, higher education assumes a pivotal role as an internal catalyst for common prosperity and represents a significant dimension of its attainment.
Infrared Imaging of SDSS Quasars: Implications for the Quasar K correction
Creators: name: Kennefick, Julia
name: Bursick, Shelly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have imaged 45 quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) with redshifts 1.85 < z < 4.26 in JHKs with the KPNO SQIID imager. By combining these data with optical magnitudes from the SDSS we have computed the restframe optical spectral indices of this sample and investigate their relation to quasar redshift. We find a mean spectral index of = -0.55+/-0.42 with a large spread in values. We also find possible evolution of the form alpha_o = (0.148+/-0.068)z - (0.964+/-0.200)$ in the luminosity range -28.0 < M_i < -26.5. Such evolution suggests changes in the accretion process in quasars with time and is shown to have an effect on computed quasar luminosity functions.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, accepted to the Astronomical Journal
A synthetic heparan sulphate mimetic for enhancing BMP-2-mediated osteogenesis and bone regeneration
Creators: name: Smith, RA
name: Lu, X
name: Tan, T
name: Luo, X
name: Le, BQ
name: Zubkova, Olga
name: Cool, S
name: Nurcombe, V
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110399 Clinical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: No description supplied
Transmission Electron Microscopy Study of the Morphology of Ices Composed of H2O, CO2, and CO on Refractory Grains
Creators: name: Kouchi, Akira
name: Tsuge, Masashi
name: Hama, Tetsuya
name: Oba, Yasuhiro
name: Okuzumi, Satoshi
name: Sirono, Sin-iti
name: Momose, Munetake
name: Nakatani, Naoki
name: Furuya, Kenji
name: Shimonishi, Takashi
name: Yamazaki, Tomoya
name: Hidaka, Hiroshi
name: Kimura, Yuki
name: Murata, Ken-ichiro
name: Fujita, Kazuyuki
name: Nakatsubo, Shunichi
name: Tachibana, Shogo
name: Watanabe, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been implicitly assumed that ices on grains in molecular clouds and proto planetary disks are formed by homogeneous layers regardless of their composition or crystallinity. To verify this assumption, we observed the H2O deposition onto refractory substrates and the crystallization of amorphous ices (H2O, CO2, and CO) using an ultra-high-vacuum transmission electron microscope. In the H2O-deposition experiments, we found that three-dimensional islands of crystalline ice (Ic) were formed at temperatures above 130 K. The crystallization experiments showed that uniform thin films of amorphous CO and H2O became three-dimensional islands of polyhedral crystals; amorphous CO2, on the other hand, became a thin film of nano crystalline CO2 covering the amorphous H2O. Our observations show that crystal morphologies strongly depend not only on the ice composition, but also on the substrate. Using experimental data concerning the crystallinity of deposited ices and the crystallization timescale of amorphous ices, we illustrated the criteria for ice crystallinity in space and outlined the macroscopic morphology of icy grains in molecular clouds as follows: amorphous H2O covered the refractory grain uniformly, CO2 nano-crystals were embedded in the amorphous H2O, and a polyhedral CO crystal was attached to the amorphous H2O. Furthermore, a change in the grain morphology in a proto-planetary disk is shown. These results have important implications for the chemical evolution of molecules, non-thermal desorption, collision of icy grains, and sintering.
description: 60 pages, 18 figures, 3 tables, published in ApJ
Isadelphus coriarius
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Isadelphus
Isadelphus coriarius

description: Isadelphus coriarius (TASCHENBERG, 1865)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap7: 1♀ 13-27.vii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Western Palaearctic, known from Azerbaijan (JONAITIS & ALIEV 1983a), new record for Georgia.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 123, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10415120
Spectroscopic evidence for a large spot on the dimming Betelgeuse
Creators: name: Alexeeva, Sofya
name: Zhao, Gang
name: Gao, Dong-Yang
name: Du, Junju
name: Li, Aigen
name: Li, Kai
name: Hu, Shaoming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During October 2019 and March 2020, the luminous red supergiant Betelgeuse demonstrated an unusually deep minimum of its brightness. It became fainter by more than one magnitude and this is the most significant dimming observed in the recent decades. While the reason for the dimming is debated, pre-phase of supernova explosion, obscuring dust, or changes in the photosphere of the star were suggested scenarios. Here, we present spectroscopic studies of Betelgeuse using high-resolution and high signal-to- noise ratio near-infrared spectra obtained at Weihai Observatory on four epochs in 2020 covering the phases of during and after dimming. We show that the dimming episode is caused by the dropping of its effective temperature by at least 170 K on 2020 January 31, that can be attributed to the emergence of a large dark spot on the surface of the star.
Techno‐economic analysis of PV-based power systems for Cape York, Australia
Creators: name: Hamzah E. Al-Qudah
name: Fadlallah, Sulaiman O.
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 91305 Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 90605 Photodetectors, Optical Sensors and Solar Cells
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This item is part of: Boarin, P., Haarhoff, E., Manfredini, M., Mohammadzadeh, M., Premier, A., (2021). Rethinking Sustainable Pacific Rim Territories. Proceedings of the 2020 APRU Sustainable Cities and Landscapes Hub PhD Symposium, Future Cities Research Hub, School of Architecture and Planning of the University of Auckland. ISBN: 978-0-473-53616-9
ABSTRACTFossil fuels are the world's main sources of power production. Because of the huge population, the energy demand and supply gap have recently escalated, and fossil fuels will not satisfy the gigantic energy demands. Meanwhile, they have harmful environmental effects as well. Remote rural areas far from the national grid have no way of meeting their energy needs. These concerns summarize the situation facing the population living in Cape York, Australia. The solar photovoltaic (PV) off-grid system has emerged as the best energy solution for the electrification of these remote regions. However, the local electricity providers struggle with the lack of area-specific data on generation capacity and economic feasibility of solar energy. To address this problem, this study aims to deliver a comprehensive techno-economic feasibility analysis of a solar PV system for Cape York, Queensland, Australia. This study investigates the economic viability for solar PV systems by means of Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER) software. HOMER results suggest that the total cost of electricity generation from the solar PV stands significantly cheaper than conventional electricity. Besides, the system can reduce carbon emissions and other pollutants considerably.
title: Gunnel Clark - Seattle Labor Chorus Oral History Project - Oral History Transcript
Creators: name: Labor Archives of Washington
Publisher: name: Labor Archives of Washington
Year: 2016

description: Oral History interview with Gunnel Clark of the Seattle Labor Chorus. Completed on March 24, 2016. This interview is part of the Seattle Labor Chorus Oral History Project by the Labor Archives of Washington, University of Washington Libraries. Laborarchives.org

This item contains two parts: oral history audio file and full text transcription (.pdf).
Potencialidades de la aplicación de herramientas de marketing para la divulgación científica
Creators: name: Casamayú, Ignacio Agustín
name: Muiña, Maria Florencia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: antropología, arqueología, marketing cultural

description: Póster presentado en las IX Jornadas de Jóvenes Investigadores y Extensionistas (15 al 18 de noviembre de 2021), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo- Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Se encuentra disponible para descargar desde el linktree de la cuenta www.instagram.com/shincal_equipo_investigacion/
Synthesis of 13 C-labelled sulfated N-acetyl-d-lactosamines to aid in the diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidosis diseases
Creators: name: Cameron, Scott
name: Zubkova, Olga
name: Toms, S
name: Furneaux, Richard
name: Rendle, Phillip
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 30199 Analytical Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Organic Chemistry

description: Morquio A syndrome is an autosomal mucopolysaccharide storage disorder that leads to accumulation of keratan sulfate. Diagnosis of this disease can be aided by measuring the levels of keratan sulfate in the urine. This requires the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LCMS/MS) measurement of sulfated N-acetyl-d-lactosamines in the urine after cleavage of the keratan sulfate with keratanase II. Quantification requires isotopically-labelled internal standards. The synthesis of these 13 C 6 -labelled standards from 13 C 6 -galactose and N-acetylglucosamine is described. The required protected disaccharide is prepared utilising a regioselective, high yielding β-galactosylation of a partially protected glucosamine acceptor and an inverse addition protocol. Subsequent synthesis of the 13 C 6 -labelled mono and disulfated N-acetyllactosamines was achieved in five and eight steps, respectively, from this intermediate to provide internal standards for the LCMS/MS quantification of keratan sulfate in urine.
Holographic actions from black hole entropy
Creators: name: Caravelli, Francesco
name: Modesto, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Wald's relation between the Noether charge of diffeomorphisms and the entropy for a generic spacetime possessing a bifurcation surface, we introduce a method to obtain a family of higher order derivatives effective actions from the entropy of black holes. Our point of view is to consider fundamental the black hole entropy and the action an emerged object. We then specialize to a particular class of effective theories: the f(R) theories. We apply the idea, using a simple mind ansatz, to loop quantum gravity and to a general class of log-corrected entropy formulas.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Dendrimer Heparan Sulfate Glycomimetics: Potent Heparanase Inhibitors for Anticancer Therapy
Creators: name: Zubkova, Olga
name: Ahmed, YA
name: Guimond, SE
name: Noble, SL
name: Miller, John
name: Smith, RA Alfred
name: Nurcombe, V
name: Tyler, Peter
name: Weissmann, M
name: Vlodavsky, I
name: Turnbull, JE
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60199 Biochemistry and Cell Biology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Heparanase is a mammalian endoglycosidase that cleaves heparan sulfate (HS) polysaccharides and contributes to remodelling of the extracellular matrix and regulation of HS-binding protein bioavailabilities. Heparanase is upregulated in malignant cancers and inflammation, aiding cell migration and the release of signaling molecules. It is established as a highly druggable extracellular target for anticancer therapy, but current compounds have limitations, because of cost, production complexity, or off-target effects. Here, we report the synthesis of a novel, targeted library of single-entity glycomimetic clusters capped with simple sulfated saccharides. Several dendrimer HS glycomimetics display low nM IC 50 potency for heparanase inhibition equivalent to comparator compounds in clinical development, and potently inhibit metastasis and growth of human myeloma tumor cells in a mouse xenograft model. Importantly, they lack anticoagulant activity and cytotoxicity, and also inhibit angiogenesis. They provide a new candidate class for anticancer and wider therapeutic applications, which could benefit from targeted heparanase inhibition.
The first-mover advantage in scientific publication
Creators: name: Newman, M. E. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mathematical models of the scientific citation process predict a strong "first-mover" effect under which the first papers in a field will, essentially regardless of content, receive citations at a rate enormously higher than papers published later. Moreover papers are expected to retain this advantage in perpetuity -- they should receive more citations indefinitely, no matter how many other papers are published after them. We test this conjecture against data from a selection of fields and in several cases find a first-mover effect of a magnitude similar to that predicted by the theory. Were we wearing our cynical hat today, we might say that the scientist who wants to become famous is better off -- by a wide margin -- writing a modest paper in next year's hottest field than an outstanding paper in this year's. On the other hand, there are some papers, albeit only a small fraction, that buck the trend and attract significantly more citations than theory predicts despite having relatively late publication dates. We suggest that papers of this kind, though they often receive comparatively few citations overall, are probably worthy of our attention.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Problems of gender parity in the state administration system: conceptual and empirical aspects
Creators: name: Britchenko, Igor
name: Kireieva, Zoia
name: Sardaryan, Karinna
name: Voytsekhovska, Yuliya
name: Samoilenko, Viktoria
name: Popova, Yuliia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 150305 Human Resources Management
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 90505 Infrastructure Engineering and Asset Management
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: The article is timed to coincide with the thirtieth anniversary of Ukraine's independence. Based on the generalization of fundamental and applied studies of scientists, the author's vision of such category as the gender parity is conceptualized. Based on the analysis of historical events related to the development of the state, the formation of cultural and social values in determining the gender identity of modern society is substantiated. Based on the analysis of literary and regulatory sources, the structure of the state administration of Ukraine is visualized, which has become the basis for the diagnosis of gender aspects. Based on the analysis, the problems of gender parity in the public administration system of Ukraine are identified.
Shock-heating of stellar envelopes: A possible common mechanism at the origin of explosions and eruptions in massive stars
Creators: name: Dessart, Luc
name: Livne, Eli
name: Waldman, Roni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of transient phenomena in the Universe reveal a spectrum of mass-ejection properties associated with massive stars, covering from Type II/Ib/Ic core-collapse supernovae (SNe) to giant eruptions of Luminous Blue Variables (LBV) and optical transients. Here, we hypothesize that a fraction of these phenomena may have an explosive origin, the distinguishing ingredient being the ratio of the prompt energy release E_dep to the envelope binding energy E_binding. Using one-dimensional one-group radiation hydrodynamics and a set of 10-25Msun, massive-star models, we explore the dynamical response of a stellar envelope subject to a strong, sudden, and deeply-rooted energy release. Following energy deposition, a shock systematically forms, crosses the progenitor envelope on a day timescale, and breaks-out with a signal of hour-to-days duration and a 10^5-10^11 Lsun luminosity. For E_dep > E_binding, full envelope ejection results with a SN-like bolometric luminosity and kinetic energy, modulations being commensurate to the energy deposited and echoing the diversity of Type II-Plateau SNe. For E_dep ~ E_binding, partial envelope ejection results with a small expansion speed, and a more modest but year-long luminosity plateau, reminiscent of LBV eruptions or so-called SN impostors. For E_dep < E_binding, we obtain a "puffed-up" star, secularly relaxing back to thermal equilibrium. In parallel with gravitational collapse and Type II SNe, we argue that the thermonuclear combustion of merely a few 0.01Msun of C/O could power a wide range of explosions/eruptions in loosely-bound massive stars, as those in the 8-12Msun range, or in more massive ones owing to their proximity to the Eddington limit and/or critical rotation.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures, 2 tables; accepted to MNRAS
Spin-current vortices in current-perpendicular-to-plane nanoconstricted spin-valves
Creators: name: Strelkov, N.
name: Vedyayev, A.
name: Ryzhanova, N.
name: Gusakova, D.
name: Buda-Prejbeanu, L. D.
name: Chshiev, M.
name: Amara, S.
name: de Mestier, N.
name: Baraduc, C.
name: Dieny, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The charge and spin diffusion equations taking into account spin-flip and spin-transfer torque were numerically solved using a finite element method in complex non-collinear geometry with strongly inhomogeneous current flow. As an illustration, spin-dependent transport through a non-magnetic nanoconstriction separating two magnetic layers was investigated. Unexpected results such as vortices of spin-currents in the vicinity of the nanoconstriction were obtained. The angular variations of magnetoresistance and spin-transfer torque are strongly influenced by the structure geometry.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Dynamical Electroweak Symmetry Breaking in SO(5)xU(1) Gauge-Higgs Unification with Top and Bottom Quarks
Creators: name: Hosotani, Y.
name: Oda, K.
name: Ohnuma, T.
name: Sakamura, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An SO(5)xU(1) gauge-Higgs unification model in the Randall-Sundrum warped space with top and bottom quarks is constructed. Additional fermions on the Planck brane make exotic particles heavy by effectively changing boundary conditions of bulk fermions from those determined by orbifold conditions. Gauge couplings of a top quark multiplet trigger electroweak symmetry breaking by the Hosotani mechanism, simultaneously giving a top quark the observed mass. The bottom quark mass is generated by combination of brane interactions and the Hosotani mechanism, where only one ratio of brane masses is relevant when the scale of brane masses is much larger than the Kaluza-Klein scale (\sim 1.5 TeV). The Higgs mass is predicted to be 49.9 (53.5) GeV for the warp factor 10^{15} (10^{17}). The Wilson line phase turns out π/2 and the Higgs couplings to W and Z vanish so that the LEP2 bound for the Higgs mass is evaded. In the flat spacetime limit the electroweak symmetry is unbroken.
description: 35 pages, 2 figures. A few corrections are made
Dynamic phase transition in the two-dimensional kinetic Ising model in an oscillating field: Universality with respect to the stochastic dynamic
Creators: name: Buendia, Gloria M.
name: Rikvold, Per Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical response of a two-dimensional Ising model subject to a square-wave oscillating external field. In contrast to earlier studies, the system evolves under a so-called soft Glauber dynamic [P.A. Rikvold and M. Kolesik, J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 35, L117 (2002)], for which both nucleation and interface propagation are slower and the interfaces smoother than for the standard Glauber dynamic. We choose the temperature and magnitude of the external field such that the metastable decay of the system following field reversal occurs through nucleation and growth of many droplets of the stable phase, i.e., the multidroplet regime. Using kinetic Monte Carlo simulations, we find that the system undergoes a nonequilibrium phase transition, in which the symmetry-broken dynamic phase corresponds to an asymmetric stationary limit cycle for the time-dependent magnetization. The critical point is located where the half-period of the external field is approximately equal to the metastable lifetime of the system. We employ finite-size scaling analysis to investigate the characteristics of this dynamical phase transition. The critical exponents and the fixed-point value of the fourth-order cumulant are found to be consistent with the universality class of the two-dimensional equilibrium Ising model. As this universality class has previously been established for the same nonequilibrium model evolving under the standard Glauber dynamic, our results indicate that this far-from-equilibrium phase transition is universal with respect to the choice of the stochastic dynamics.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Plain Language Summary for "Establishing Screening Programs for Presymptomatic Type 1 Diabetes: Practical Guidance for Diabetes Care Providers"
Creators: name: Leichter, Steven
name: Felton, Jamie L
name: Geno Rasmussen, Cristy
name: Rizzuto, Patrick
name: Bellini, Natalie
name: Ebekozien, Osagie
name: Schulman-Rosenbaum, Rifka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 320208
subject: Endocrinology
classificationCode: 420319
subject: Primary health care

description: This is a plain language summary of the peer-reviewed article "Establishing Screening Programs for Presymptomatic Type 1 Diabetes: Practical Guidance for Diabetes Care Providers", published in Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism.Please note that this summary is supplemental to the article and has not been peer-reviewed.
Wall confinement effects for circular cylinders at low Reynolds numbers
Creators: name: Mitry, Raafat Tawfic
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Formation, development and instability of Foppl vortices and associated surface pressure distribution are investigated experimentally for a family of two dimensional circular cylinders in the Reynolds number range of 5 - 20,000 and the blockage ratio of 2 - 50%. In the beginning, design and constructional details of a glycerol-water solution tunnel used in the experimental programme is briefly described followed by an explanation of the models, pressure measuring instrumentation, and test procedures. An approach to the data reduction, so critical at low Reynolds number, is discussed and a new definition of the pressure coefficient, which promises to be less dependent on test facilities and pressure gradients, is explained. , Finally, the test data are analyzed as functions of the confinement condition and Reynolds number. The results suggest that influence of the Reynolds number on the surface pressure distribution is primarily confined to the range R[sub n] < 1200. However, for the model with the highest blockage ratio of 50%, the pressure continues to show Reynolds number dependency for R[sub n] as high as 3000. In general, effect of the Reynolds number is to increase the minimum as well as the wake pressures. On the other hand, the effect of an increase in the blockage ratio is just the opposite. The pressure profiles become extremely sensitive to the wall confinement at the lower end of the Reynolds number range under study. An extensive flow visualization study using dye injection in conjunction with still and high speed photography complements the test program. Photographs suggest that influence of the blockage is to retard, in terms of the Reynolds number, evolution of the near-wake. Location of the separating shear layers tends to move upstream with an increase in the Reynolds number, however, the wall confinement promotes downstream shift in the separation point, which can be as large as 25° for a blockage ratio of 501. The thesis suggests for future investigation several areas which are likely to be fruitful. In particular, aspect ratio effects in the presence of blockage are likely to be significant and should be studied in depth.
Reducing circuit depth with qubitwise diagonalization
Creators: name: Murairi, Edison M.
name: Cervia, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A variety of quantum algorithms employ Pauli operators as a convenient basis for studying the spectrum or evolution of Hamiltonians or measuring multi-body observables. One strategy to reduce circuit depth in such algorithms involves simultaneous diagonalization of Pauli operators generating unitary evolution operators or observables of interest. We propose an algorithm yielding quantum circuits with depths $O(n \log r)$ diagonalizing $n$-qubit operators generated by $r$ Pauli operators. Moreover, as our algorithm iteratively diagonalizes all operators on at least one qubit per step, it is well suited to maintain low circuit depth even on hardware with limited qubit connectivity. We observe that our algorithm performs favorably in producing quantum circuits diagonalizing randomly generated Hamiltonians as well as molecular Hamiltonians with short depths and low two-qubit gate counts.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Invertible residual networks in the context of regularization theory for linear inverse problems
Creators: name: Arndt, Clemens
name: Denker, Alexander
name: Dittmer, Sören
name: Heilenkötter, Nick
name: Iske, Meira
name: Kluth, Tobias
name: Maass, Peter
name: Nickel, Judith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Learned inverse problem solvers exhibit remarkable performance in applications like image reconstruction tasks. These data-driven reconstruction methods often follow a two-step scheme. First, one trains the often neural network-based reconstruction scheme via a dataset. Second, one applies the scheme to new measurements to obtain reconstructions. We follow these steps but parameterize the reconstruction scheme with invertible residual networks (iResNets). We demonstrate that the invertibility enables investigating the influence of the training and architecture choices on the resulting reconstruction scheme. For example, assuming local approximation properties of the network, we show that these schemes become convergent regularizations. In addition, the investigations reveal a formal link to the linear regularization theory of linear inverse problems and provide a nonlinear spectral regularization for particular architecture classes. On the numerical side, we investigate the local approximation property of selected trained architectures and present a series of experiments on the MNIST dataset that underpin and extend our theoretical findings.
Efficient Approximation Algorithms for Scheduling Coflows with Total Weighted Completion Time in Identical Parallel Networks
Creators: name: Chen, Chi-Yeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper addresses the scheduling problem of coflows in identical parallel networks, which is a well-known $NP$-hard problem. Coflow is a relatively new network abstraction used to characterize communication patterns in data centers. We consider both flow-level scheduling and coflow-level scheduling problems. In the flow-level scheduling problem, flows within a coflow can be transmitted through different network cores. However, in the coflow-level scheduling problem, flows within a coflow must be transmitted through the same network core. The key difference between these two problems lies in their scheduling granularity. Previous approaches relied on linear programming to solve the scheduling order. In this paper, we enhance the efficiency of solving by utilizing the primal-dual method. For the flow-level scheduling problem, we propose a $(6-\frac{2}{m})$-approximation algorithm with arbitrary release times and a $(5-\frac{2}{m})$-approximation algorithm without release time, where $m$ represents the number of network cores. Additionally, for the coflow-level scheduling problem, we introduce a $(4m+1)$-approximation algorithm with arbitrary release times and a $(4m)$-approximation algorithm without release time. To validate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithms, we conduct simulations using both synthetic and real traffic traces. The results demonstrate the superior performance of our algorithms compared to previous approach, emphasizing their practical utility.
Multiscaling for Systems with a Broad Continuum of Characteristic Lengths and Times: Structural Transitions in Nanocomposites
Creators: name: Pankavich, Stephen
name: Ortoleva, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multiscale approach to N-body systems is generalized to address the broad continuum of long time and length scales associated with collective behaviors. A technique is developed based on the concept of an uncountable set of time variables and of order parameters (OPs) specifying major features of the system. We adopt this perspective as a natural extension of the commonly used discrete set of timescales and OPs which is practical when only a few, widely-separated scales exist. The existence of a gap in the spectrum of timescales for such a system (under quasiequilibrium conditions) is used to introduce a continuous scaling and perform a multiscale analysis of the Liouville equation. A functional-differential Smoluchowski equation is derived for the stochastic dynamics of the continuum of Fourier component order parameters. A continuum of spatially non-local Langevin equations for the OPs is also derived. The theory is demonstrated via the analysis of structural transitions in a composite material, as occurs for viral capsids and molecular circuits.
description: 28 pages, 1 figure
Wegner estimates for sign-changing single site potentials
Creators: name: Veselic', Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Anderson and alloy type random Schrödinger operators on $\ell^2(\ZZ^d)$ and $L^2(\RR^d)$. Wegner estimates are bounds on the average number of eigenvalues in an energy interval of finite box restrictions of these types of operators. For a certain class of models we prove a Wegner estimate which is linear in the volume of the box and the length of the considered energy interval. The single site potential of the Anderson/alloy type model does not need to have fixed sign, but it needs be of a generalised step function form. The result implies the Lipschitz continuity of the integrated density of states.
Meaning of the wave function
Creators: name: Gao, Shan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the meaning of the wave function by analyzing the mass and charge density distributions of a quantum system. According to protective measurement, a charged quantum system has mass and charge density distributing in space, proportional to the modulus square of its wave function. In a realistic interpretation, the wave function of a quantum system can be taken as a description of either a physical field or the ergodic motion of a particle. If the wave function is a physical field, then the mass and charge density will be distributed throughout space at a given time for a charged quantum system, and thus there will exist gravitational and electrostatic self-interactions of its wave function. This not only violates the superposition principle of quantum mechanics but also contradicts experimental observations. Thus the wave function cannot be a description of a physical field but a description of the ergodic motion of a particle. For the later there is only a localized particle with mass and charge at every instant, and thus there will not exist any self-interaction for the wave function. It is further argued that the classical ergodic models, which assume continuous motion of particles, cannot be consistent with quantum mechanics. Based on the negative result, we suggest that the wave function is a description of the quantum motion of particles, which is random and discontinuous in nature. On this interpretation, the modulus square of the wave function not only gives the density of probability of the particle being found in certain locations, but also gives the density of objective probability of the particle being there. We show that this new interpretation of the wave function provides a natural realistic alternative to the orthodox interpretation, and its implications for other realistic interpretations of quantum mechanics are also briefly discussed.
description: 22 pages
Techno‐economic analysis of PV-based power systems for Cape York, Australia
Creators: name: Premier, Alessandro
Publisher: name: The University of Auckland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120105 Architecture Management
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120199 Architecture not elsewhere classified

description: This item was presented in Auckland at the: Rethinking Sustainable Pacific Rim Territories. Proceedings of the 2020 APRU Sustainable Cities and Landscapes Hub PhD SymposiumDate: 14-18/12/20Editors: Paola Boarin, Errol Haarhoff, Manfredo Manfredini, Mohsen Mohammadzadeh, Alessandro Premier

ISBN: 978-0-473-53616-9
ABSTRACTFossil fuels are the world's main sources of power production. Because of the huge population, the energy demand and supply gap have recently escalated, and fossil fuels will not satisfy the gigantic energy demands. Meanwhile, they have harmful environmental effects as well. Remote rural areas far from the national grid have no way of meeting their energy needs. These concerns summarize the situation facing the population living in Cape York, Australia. The solar photovoltaic (PV) off-grid system has emerged as the best energy solution for the electrification of these remote regions. However, the local electricity providers struggle with the lack of area-specific data on generation capacity and economic feasibility of solar energy. To address this problem, this study aims to deliver a comprehensive techno-economic feasibility analysis of a solar PV system for Cape York, Queensland, Australia. This study investigates the economic viability for solar PV systems by means of Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER) software. HOMER results suggest that the total cost of electricity generation from the solar PV stands significantly cheaper than conventional electricity. Besides, the system can reduce carbon emissions and other pollutants considerably.
Influence of elastic deformation of porous materials in adsorption-desorption process. A thermodynamic approach
Creators: name: Grosman, Annie
name: Ortega, Camille
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been known for a long time that the adsorption and condensation of gas cause elastic deformation of the porous matrix. The reversible formation of an adsorbed film, which precedes capillary condensation, results in an extension of the porous material while, in the hysteresis region, the negative liquid pressures under the concave menisci contract the porous matrix. The elastic deformation exhibits an hysteresis loop in the same pressure region as the adsorption phenomenon. These deformations have been neglected in practically all the theoretical treatments of adsorption. We develop a thermodynamic approach which includes the elastic energy of the solid. This approach is generic to all porous materials. Thermodynamics of adsorption is directly connected to the elastic properties of the porous solid. We find that the variation of the surface free energy related to the elastic deformation is an important component of the total free energy. It is shown that the condensation branch represents the more stable states and that an energy barrier exists to evaporation which depends essentially on the elastic deformation. The pores interact through the deformation of the walls. Based on this interaction mechanism and on the shape of the scanning curves which are common to materials with interconnected pores such as porous glass or noninterconnected pores such as p+-type porous silicon and SBA-15, we propose a scenario for the filling and emptying of these porous materials.
Covariance Adaptive Best Arm Identification
Creators: name: Saad, El Mehdi
name: Blanchard, Gilles
name: Verzelen, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of best arm identification in the multi-armed bandit model, under fixed confidence. Given a confidence input $δ$, the goal is to identify the arm with the highest mean reward with a probability of at least 1 -- $δ$, while minimizing the number of arm pulls. While the literature provides solutions to this problem under the assumption of independent arms distributions, we propose a more flexible scenario where arms can be dependent and rewards can be sampled simultaneously. This framework allows the learner to estimate the covariance among the arms distributions, enabling a more efficient identification of the best arm. The relaxed setting we propose is relevant in various applications, such as clinical trials, where similarities between patients or drugs suggest underlying correlations in the outcomes. We introduce new algorithms that adapt to the unknown covariance of the arms and demonstrate through theoretical guarantees that substantial improvement can be achieved over the standard setting. Additionally, we provide new lower bounds for the relaxed setting and present numerical simulations that support their theoretical findings.
description: New version with some minor corrections