cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Evolutionaries: Transforming the Political System and Culture in Lebanon
Creators: name: Hardig, Anders Carl
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The Evolutionaries poses the question: How can grassroots activists broaden the space for political participation in a factionalized and elite-centric, as opposed to citizen-centric, polity? This question is explored through a case study of a new `civic' segment of civil society in Lebanon, which after the end of the 1975-1990 civil war managed to carve a space in which to operate and established itself as a factor in Lebanese politics. This `civic movement' employs an incremental change approach in order to transform their patron-dominated `republic' into a republic, which recognizes the rights and responsibilities associated with citizenship. To this end, civic activists link with political elites in time- and scope-limited campaigns. The temporary character of these coalitions reduces the risk of cooptation, and the limited scope reduces the number of stakeholders threatened by the campaign. However, while the Lebanese state demonstrates relatively low levels of constraints to civic activists, constraints emanating from society are at times severe. The historical development of the Lebanese state, especially the construction of a confessional political system, has reinforced a political culture centered on kinship and sectarian collective identities. Consequently, in times of high tension and political polarization, the civic movement struggles to construct movement frames that resonate among the broader populace. Opportunities and constraints are traditionally sought on the level of the state, while culture and collective identities are examined as strategic tools, or invoked to explain the outcome of a movement after it has formed. However, a long-term perspective that captures the low-intensity dynamics that precede and succeed high-intensity popular mobilizations suggests that the social environment should also be understood as permissive or restrictive to movement formation. For instance, a `social opportunity' can arise when the hegemonic political culture becomes contested in broad layers of the populace, as was the case when broad popular discontent with the traditional leadership during the civil war provided Lebanon's civic movement with a constituency. Thus, the findings of this study suggest that shifts in the way individuals understand and interpret their environment can provide opportunities for Lebanon's `Evolutionaries' to initiate a slow process of political and societal transformation.
Additional file 11 of Cytokine network analysis of immune responses before and after autologous dendritic cell and tumor cell vaccine immunotherapies in a randomized trial
Creators: name: Nistor, Gabriel I.
name: Dillman, Robert O.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 11. Wilks’ Lambda is significant for the first function.
Fully Learnable Front-End for Multi-Channel Acoustic Modeling using Semi-Supervised Learning
Creators: name: Wager, Sanna
name: Khare, Aparna
name: Wu, Minhua
name: Kumatani, Kenichi
name: Sundaram, Shiva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this work, we investigated the teacher-student training paradigm to train a fully learnable multi-channel acoustic model for far-field automatic speech recognition (ASR). Using a large offline teacher model trained on beamformed audio, we trained a simpler multi-channel student acoustic model used in the speech recognition system. For the student, both multi-channel feature extraction layers and the higher classification layers were jointly trained using the logits from the teacher model. In our experiments, compared to a baseline model trained on about 600 hours of transcribed data, a relative word-error rate (WER) reduction of about 27.3% was achieved when using an additional 1800 hours of untranscribed data. We also investigated the benefit of pre-training the multi-channel front end to output the beamformed log-mel filter bank energies (LFBE) using L2 loss. We find that pre-training improves the word error rate by 10.7% when compared to a multi-channel model directly initialized with a beamformer and mel-filter bank coefficients for the front end. Finally, combining pre-training and teacher-student training produces a WER reduction of 31% compared to our baseline.
description: To appear in ICASSP 2020
Electron localization in an external electric field
Creators: name: Bleibaum, O.
name: Belitz, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact of a weak electric field on the weak-localization corrections is studied within the framework of a nonlinear sigma-model. Two scaling regimes are obtained. In one, the scaling is dominated by temperature; in the other, by the electric field. An explicit expression is derived for the crossover temperature between the two regimes.
description: 4 pp, requires Wiley style files (included)
Fostering Feelings: The Political Economy of Paid Foster Care Work in US-Guatemalan Transnational Adoption
Creators: name: Harshe, Shelley Ginene
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Adopting children from other countries has become an increasingly prevalent way to create and expand families in the United States. A surge in transnational adoption began at the end of World War II as a humanitarian response to orphaned children. By 2006, Guatemala had become second only to China in the number of children adopted from abroad but, per capita, was the largest source of children adopted to the US. One of the factors that contributed to prospective adoptive parents' decision to adopt from Guatemala was the use of private foster care. In Guatemala, foster mothers, usually working class women, provided babies and young children with temporary homes before the children were moved to permanent homes, typically in developed countries with relatively affluent parents. Adoption agencies in the United States advertised their services noting that this private foster system provided a developmentally healthier and more loving environment for children than traditional institutional care facilities like orphanages. Yet, transnational adoption was also part of a market in which money was exchanged for services. Foster mothers were part of this private-sector market and received monetary compensation for their services. Based on interviews with Guatemalan foster mothers, fostering was a special type of job; it was paid maternal care work that involved both economic and deeply affective relationships. Since the women fostered children within a context in which cultural notions such as "care" and "work," and "kinship" and "economy" are understood as separate categories, their paid foster mothering was an ambiguous position because it could be understood both as a caring, kin-like relationship and as economic work. This dissertation examines the meanings that Guatemalan foster mothers gave to the particular bundle of commodified labor and affective caring involved in their paid care work within the context of transnational adoption. The intention of this project is to understand how the women experienced their care work, that is, what the women thought and felt about fostering children in their homes. Such an understanding must include how the larger political economic context in which fostering occurred informed and shaped the women's experiences.
Marketing Effects of U.S. Fresh Produce Imports
Creators: name: Huang, Sophia Wu
name: Huang, Kuo S.
name: Huang, Sophia Wu
name: Huang, Kuo S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: coefficient of variation
subject: fresh produce imports
subject: monthly shipments and prices

description: The rapid growth of U.S. fresh produce imports has significant implications for many facets of the U.S. fresh produce industry and consumers as well. Fresh produce imports generally complement domestic production, because of seasonal differences in availability. Since supplies of most U.S.-produced fruits and vegetables are highest in summer and lowest in winter, increased fresh produce imports in the off-seasons make it possible to meet seasonal shortages in U.S. production. In addition, imports can reduce supply volatility even in normal U.S. producing seasons. We measure significant effects of imports, especially for fruits, in reducing domestic price levels and smoothing price fluctuations.
title: Teaching People What They Already Know. Designing Game Design Courses
Creators: name: Weiller, Thais Arrias
Publisher: name: gamevironments
Year: 2021

description: Game Design is one of those skillsets that are difficult to clearly define, and it can feel like – and is often described as – an inherent part of human nature. We all play games in one form or another, and even when we play universally recognizable games we often make rule changes to said games to fit the type of experience we want to have. Local variations of playground games, and house-rules to popular board games, bear witness to the fact that game design is a practice that people participate in, without necessarily thinking of it as game design. Even though design is something natural, it still needs to be honed and developed further for those who would like to pursue game design as a more formal profession. This presents a challenge for game education: how do we identify and describe the knowledge and skills that many people already use inadvertently as amateurs, in order to help students see what they need to hone and practice to become expert game designers? This report will describe how we created a framework to create a new Game Design course in the Videogame Development undergraduate program at Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR) in Brazil. Our approach to this challenge was to divide Game Design into four distinct areas: mechanics, systems, contexts, and progression.
description: gamevironments, No. 15 (2021): Special Issue "Revisiting Teaching and Games. Mapping out Ecosystems of Learning"
Fostering Feelings: The Political Economy of Paid Foster Care Work in US-Guatemalan Transnational Adoption
Creators: name: Harshe, Shelley Ginene
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4401
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Adopting children from other countries has become an increasingly prevalent way to create and expand families in the United States. A surge in transnational adoption began at the end of World War II as a humanitarian response to orphaned children. By 2006, Guatemala had become second only to China in the number of children adopted from abroad but, per capita, was the largest source of children adopted to the US. One of the factors that contributed to prospective adoptive parents' decision to adopt from Guatemala was the use of private foster care. In Guatemala, foster mothers, usually working class women, provided babies and young children with temporary homes before the children were moved to permanent homes, typically in developed countries with relatively affluent parents. Adoption agencies in the United States advertised their services noting that this private foster system provided a developmentally healthier and more loving environment for children than traditional institutional care facilities like orphanages. Yet, transnational adoption was also part of a market in which money was exchanged for services. Foster mothers were part of this private-sector market and received monetary compensation for their services. Based on interviews with Guatemalan foster mothers, fostering was a special type of job; it was paid maternal care work that involved both economic and deeply affective relationships. Since the women fostered children within a context in which cultural notions such as "care" and "work," and "kinship" and "economy" are understood as separate categories, their paid foster mothering was an ambiguous position because it could be understood both as a caring, kin-like relationship and as economic work. This dissertation examines the meanings that Guatemalan foster mothers gave to the particular bundle of commodified labor and affective caring involved in their paid care work within the context of transnational adoption. The intention of this project is to understand how the women experienced their care work, that is, what the women thought and felt about fostering children in their homes. Such an understanding must include how the larger political economic context in which fostering occurred informed and shaped the women's experiences.
Inflation and de Sitter Holography
Creators: name: Larsen, Finn
name: McNees, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the relation between de Sitter holography and inflation in detail, with particular attention to cosmic density perturbations. We set up the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism to present a systematic treatment of the logarithmic corrections to a scale invariant spectrum. Our computations can be interpreted without reference to holography, as strong infra-red effects in gravity. This point of view may be relevant for the fine-tuning problems inherent to inflation.
Demand for Healthful and Unhealthful Foods: Do Prices Matter on Obesity?
Creators: name: Luo, Haobo
name: Huang, Chung L.
name: Luo, Haobo
name: Huang, Chung L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: AIDS-ECM model
subject: healthy food
subject: obesity
subject: overweight
subject: unhealthy food

description: This study employs an error correction model (ECM) version of the dynamic AIDS model to test a hypothesis that relatively cheaper unhealthful food price is an important factor contributing to the overweight and obesity problems in the United States. We find that substitution effects between unhealthful and healthful foods are negligible and statistically insignificant. However, the fact that demands for unhealthful food being more responsive to changes in its own price and more habit persistence than healthful food provides the economic perspective that may explain and account for the prevalence of the overweight and obesity epidemic in the United States.
Nicaragua, the Food Crisis, and the Future of Smallholder Agriculture
Creators: name: Henderson, Heath
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: The 2007-08 world food crisis signaled the necessity of increasing global food supply and revived a long-standing debate surrounding the relationship between productivity/profitability and the size of agricultural landholdings. At the center of the debate, Oxford University's Paul Collier challenged years of empirical work supporting an inverse relationship between farm size and productivity/profitability in developing countries, and called for the increasing implementation of large-scale commercial agriculture and the utilization of scale economies in skills and technology, finance and access to capital, and the organization and logistics of trading. Consisting of three essays, the first two essays of the dissertation seek to empirically address the questions raised by examining the case of Nicaragua. Motivated by the results, the third and final essay then undertakes a theoretical exploration of the efficiency of inequality in the distribution of agricultural landholdings in the wake of the radical restructuring of global agri-food systems. In the first essay, we employ Markov chain methods within an information-theoretic framework so as to provide a refined examination of structural transformation in Nicaragua's agricultural and livestock sector. With stability and perhaps growth as a class of producers, the results indicate that small-scale agriculture does demonstrate a capacity to persist in a globalizing world. In response to these results, in the second essay, we develop a four-stage empirical framework so as to simultaneously investigate the existence and explanation of a robust relationship between farm size and productivity/profitability in Nicaragua. The results of the analysis suggest that labor market imperfections are ostensibly the driving force behind the observed inverse relationship. The third essay, then, outlines an agent-based computational model to explore the efficiency of inequality in the distribution of agricultural landholdings in an agrarian economy characterized by credit and labor market imperfections as well as both traditional and modern value chains. The model illustrates that, in the presence of relatively high fixed costs associated with meeting the quality standards of the modern value chain, a potential equity/efficiency tradeoff emerges thereby suggesting that the pursuit of redistributive land reform may require supplemental policy measures and/or ex ante empirical assessment to determine scope limitations.
Nicaragua, the Food Crisis, and the Future of Smallholder Agriculture
Creators: name: Henderson, Heath
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The 2007-08 world food crisis signaled the necessity of increasing global food supply and revived a long-standing debate surrounding the relationship between productivity/profitability and the size of agricultural landholdings. At the center of the debate, Oxford University's Paul Collier challenged years of empirical work supporting an inverse relationship between farm size and productivity/profitability in developing countries, and called for the increasing implementation of large-scale commercial agriculture and the utilization of scale economies in skills and technology, finance and access to capital, and the organization and logistics of trading. Consisting of three essays, the first two essays of the dissertation seek to empirically address the questions raised by examining the case of Nicaragua. Motivated by the results, the third and final essay then undertakes a theoretical exploration of the efficiency of inequality in the distribution of agricultural landholdings in the wake of the radical restructuring of global agri-food systems. In the first essay, we employ Markov chain methods within an information-theoretic framework so as to provide a refined examination of structural transformation in Nicaragua's agricultural and livestock sector. With stability and perhaps growth as a class of producers, the results indicate that small-scale agriculture does demonstrate a capacity to persist in a globalizing world. In response to these results, in the second essay, we develop a four-stage empirical framework so as to simultaneously investigate the existence and explanation of a robust relationship between farm size and productivity/profitability in Nicaragua. The results of the analysis suggest that labor market imperfections are ostensibly the driving force behind the observed inverse relationship. The third essay, then, outlines an agent-based computational model to explore the efficiency of inequality in the distribution of agricultural landholdings in an agrarian economy characterized by credit and labor market imperfections as well as both traditional and modern value chains. The model illustrates that, in the presence of relatively high fixed costs associated with meeting the quality standards of the modern value chain, a potential equity/efficiency tradeoff emerges thereby suggesting that the pursuit of redistributive land reform may require supplemental policy measures and/or ex ante empirical assessment to determine scope limitations.
Die landwirtschaftliche Nutzung von Mooren in Nordwestdeutschland
The agricultural use of peatlands in northwest Germany
Creators: name: Blankenburg, Joachim
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2015

description: Abstract: Most peatlands in northwest Germany have been used for agricultural purposes for many hundreds of years. The methods of cultivating the peatlands determine the possible uses. Treposols from former peatlands can be used in many ways, mainly as cropland. The black peatland cultivation areas are dominated today by grassland use suited to the local conditions, although cropland use which is not suited to local conditions has been on the increase in the recent past. The higher the agricultural intensity on the fields, the worse the peat properties – and peat mineralisation causes reductions in height. The limits of bearing capacities are demonstrated. Bogs and fens differ in terms of nutrient dynamics. Soft rushes (Juncus effusus) and tufted hair grass (Deschampsia caespitosa) frequently cause problems when extensive grassland utilisation is combined with reduced drainage intensity. New applications for paludiculture are still in the development and testing phases. The sustainable utilisation of production sites for agricultural purposes is possible on treposols.
description: Zusammenfassung: Die meisten Moore in Nordwestdeutschland werden seit mehreren Jahrhunderten landwirtschaftlich genutzt. Die Kultivierungsverfahren der Moore entscheiden, welche Nutzungen möglich sind. Tiefumbruchböden lassen sich vielfältig, überwiegend als Acker nutzen. Auf den Schwarzkulturen dominiert heute die standortgerechte Grünlandnutzung, wobei die nicht standortgerechte, ackerbauliche Nutzung in jüngster Zeit zugenommen hat. Mit zunehmender Intensität der Flächenbewirtschaftung verschlechtern sich die Torfeigenschaften und durch Mineralisierung der Torfe treten Höhenverluste auf. Die Grenzen der Befahrbarkeit bzw. Trittfestigkeit werden häufig erreicht. In der Nährstoffdynamik unterscheiden sich Hoch- und Niedermoore. Bei der extensiven Grünlandnutzung, verbunden mit reduzierter Entwässerungsintensität, bereiten häufig Flatterbinse (Juncus effusus) und Rasenschmiele (Deschampsia caespitosa) Probleme. Neue Nutzungsverfahren der Paludikultur befinden sich noch in der Entwicklung und Erprobung. Eine dauerhafte Sicherung der Produktionsstandorte für landwirtschaftliche Nutzungen ist auf Tiefumbruchböden möglich.
description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
description: research
Public Transfers and Communal Cattle Marketing Decisions: Empirical Evidence from Botswana
Creators: name: Mmopelwa, David
name: Seleka, Tebogo B.
name: Mmopelwa, David
name: Seleka, Tebogo B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Botswana
subject: cattle marketing
subject: public transfers
subject: social safety nets

description: A two-step (probit-truncated regression) model is used to examine the influence of public transfers on communal cattle marketing decisions in Botswana. Results show that publicly provided pensions reduce the probability of selling cattle but have no effect on the number of cattle sold. Government food rations and paid employment (which includes employment in a Public Works Program) reduce both the probability of selling cattle and the volume of cattle sold. Thus, public transfers are a disincentive to cattle marketing in Botswana, and they need to be targeted at poor households to minimize their adverse effects on the cattle industry.
The core components of an early intervention treatment approach as perceived by substance misusing pregnant women
Creators: name: Banga, Parveen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Literature on substance abuse and pregnancy indicates that something different needs to be done to help substance-misusing pregnant women. Most existing treatment models are reactive, addressing what should to be done after a child is born prenatally exposed to drugs or alcohol. Many pregnant women are motivated and want support for their addictions during pregnancy, but are reluctant to disclose their drug abuse due to multiple barriers, such as fear of child apprehension. Therefore, they deny their substance misuse, and the fetus continues to be at risk. In this study, I interviewed 10 women who had used either alcohol or illicit drugs while pregnant. Women were asked what aspects of intervention they identified as fostering treatment engagement? Findings indicated that many substance-misusing pregnant women deal with a number of struggles most of their life aside from their drug and alcohol use. Many of the women interviewed had experienced abuse, generations of substance misuse, lack of stability/relationships, and feelings of insecurity and invisibility, and their substance misuse served a coping function. Results indicated that treatment engagement by substance misusing women was facilitated by a collaborative relationship with their social worker. Results also demonstrated that children become motivators for positive change. Treatment, therefore, should include children as opposed to removing them. When their child was apprehended, many women fell deeper into their drug and alcohol misuse. Residential treatment programming that addressed both the women's pre and post birth practical (i.e. housing) and mental health needs (i.e. their histories of abuse), and had professional supportive counselling as well as peer/mentorship groups, was considered ideal for treatment engagement.
On the discrepancy principle
Creators: name: Ramm, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34R30, 35R25, 35R30, 37C35, 37L05, 37N30, 47A52, 47J06, 65M30, 65N21

description: A simple proof of the convergence of the variational regularization, with the regularization parameter, chosen by the discrepancy principle, is given for linear operators under suitable assumptions. It is shown that the discrepancy principle, in general, does not yield uniform with respect to the data convergence. An a priori choice of the regularization parameter is proposed and justified for some nonlinear operator equations.
Factors Influencing Bull Price: Evidence from Missouri Auction Data
Creators: name: Franken, Jason
name: Purcell, Joe
name: Franken, Jason
name: Purcell, Joe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: beef cattle
subject: bull price
subject: EPD
subject: hedonic model

description: Though bull purchases greatly influence beef herd genetics and value-based pricing provides incentives for genetic improvement, research suggests that only small portions of the value of bulls at auction is attributable to expected progeny differences. Furthermore, much of this research focuses on Angus bloodlines, providing little insight for other breeds. This study revisits these issues using auction data on multiple breeds of bulls. Even after adjusting expected progeny differences for all breeds to Angus equivalents, across-breed differences in their valuations persist, which may reflect relative needs for improvement in birth weight, milking ability, and growth across breeds.
Evolution of scale-free random graphs: Potts model formulation
Creators: name: Lee, D. -S.
name: Goh, K. -I.
name: Kahng, B.
name: Kim, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the bond percolation problem in random graphs of $N$ weighted vertices, where each vertex $i$ has a prescribed weight $P_i$ and an edge can connect vertices $i$ and $j$ with rate $P_iP_j$. The problem is solved by the $q\to 1$ limit of the $q$-state Potts model with inhomogeneous interactions for all pairs of spins. We apply this approach to the static model having $P_i\propto i^{-μ} (03$ and $2 < λ<3$. While for the former, the giant cluster forms abruptly at the percolation transition, for the latter, however, the formation of the giant cluster is gradual and the mean cluster size for finite $N$ shows double peaks.
description: 34 pages, 9 figures, elsart.cls, final version appeared in NPB
Über Talrichtungen in der nordöstlichen Lüneburger Heide
Creators: name: Grimmel, Eckhard
name: Schipull, Klaus
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1978

description: Die Analyse von Talrichtungen in Teilen der nordöstlichen Lüneburger Heide ergab, daß drei Richtungen mit deutlicher Dominanz auftreten. Ein genetischer Zusammenhang zwischen den Tälern und den Spaltensystemen einer niederschmelzenden Eisdecke wird vermutet.
description: research
Fat Talk Among Caucasian and African American Women
Creators: name: Hollins, Tishanna Renee
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Differences in fat talk were examined among Caucasian and African American women attending college. Among African American women, the influence of acculturation on women's fat talk engagement was also evaluated. As predicted, there were significant ethnic differences in fat talk with African American women being less likely to engage in fat talk. Total acculturation was found to have no influence on a woman's likelihood of engaging in fat talk. Alternative types of talk are discussed which may serve as substitutes for fat talk among African Americans. Limitations and possible future studies are also presented.
Near-Extremal Fluid Mechanics
Creators: name: Moitra, Upamanyu
name: Sake, Sunil Kumar
name: Trivedi, Sandip P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse near-extremal black brane configurations in asymptotically $\mathrm{AdS}_4$ spacetime with the temperature $T$, chemical potential $μ$, and three-velocity $u^ν$, varying slowly. We consider a low-temperature limit where the rate of variation is much slower than $μ$, but much bigger than $T$. This limit is different from the one considered for conventional fluid-mechanics in which the rate of variation is much smaller than both $T$, $μ$. We find that in our limit, as well, the Einstein-Maxwell equations can be solved in a systematic perturbative expansion. At first order, in the rate of variation, the resulting constitutive relations for the stress tensor and charge current are local in the boundary theory and can be easily calculated. At higher orders, we show that these relations become non-local in time but the perturbative expansion is still valid. We find that there are four linearised modes in this limit; these are similar to the hydrodynamic modes found in conventional fluid mechanics with the same dispersion relations. We also study some linearised time independent perturbations exhibiting attractor behaviour at the horizon - these arise in the presence of external driving forces in the boundary theory.
description: 85 pages, 4 appendices. v2: A few corrections, additional comments, one new appendix and additional references v3: Version published in JHEP
Fat Talk Among Caucasian and African American Women
Creators: name: Hollins, Tishanna Renee
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5205
subject: Social and personality psychology

description: Differences in fat talk were examined among Caucasian and African American women attending college. Among African American women, the influence of acculturation on women's fat talk engagement was also evaluated. As predicted, there were significant ethnic differences in fat talk with African American women being less likely to engage in fat talk. Total acculturation was found to have no influence on a woman's likelihood of engaging in fat talk. Alternative types of talk are discussed which may serve as substitutes for fat talk among African Americans. Limitations and possible future studies are also presented.
Gravitational wave holography
Creators: name: Bar, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We represent and discuss a theory of gravitational holography in which all the involved waves; subject, reference and illuminator are gravitational waves (GW). Although these waves are so weak that no terrestrial experimental set-ups, even the large LIGO, VIRGO, GEO and TAMA facilities, were able up to now to directly detect them they are, nevertheless, known under certain conditions (such as very small wavelengths) to be almost indistinguishable (see P. 962 in Ref. \cite{mtw}) from their analogue electromagnetic waves (EMW). We, therefore theoretically, show, using the known methods of optical holography and taking into account the very peculiar nature of GW, that it is also possible to reconstruct subject gravitational waves.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures. A few misprints were corrected
Minimum dissipation principle in stationary non equilibrium states
Creators: name: Bertini, L.
name: De Sole, A.
name: Gabrielli, D.
name: Jona-Lasinio, G.
name: Landim, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize to non equilibrium states Onsager's minimum dissipation principle. We also interpret this principle and some previous results in terms of optimal control theory. Entropy production plays the role of the cost necessary to drive the system to a prescribed macroscopic configuration.
Einiges über Löß-Vorkommen in Tunesien
Creators: name: Brunnacker, Karl
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1973

description: In Tunesien wurden bekannte Löß-Vorkommen (Matmata) bestätigt, andere (in der Küstenzone) sind zu streichen. Im westtunesischen Bergland neu gefundene Lager entsprechen faziell und im Aufbau sehr weitgehend denen SE-Spaniens. Die groben, kalkarmen Lösse im Bereich Gabes—Matmata liegen an der Trockenheitsgrenze mediterraner Löß-Verbreitung (heute rd. 200 mm Jahresniederschlag). Bei Gabes leitet ein tirsoider Boden die Folge der letzten Kaltzeit ein. Ein braunlehmartiger Boden beschließt sie in Westtunesien. Dieser Braunlehm ist etwas älter als ein tirsoider Boden, der in den Übergang zur Nacheiszeit gestellt wird. Solche Befunde deuten auf Steigerung der pedologischen Aktivität (abgesehen von den Interstadialen in feuchteren Räumen) infolge jeweils humiderer Bedingungen in diesen Übergangszeiten. Hingegen waren die Äquivalente unserer letzten Warmzeit und Kaltzeit durch relativ trockene Bedingungen ausgezeichnet. Prinzipiell wiederholen sich damit die nördlich des Mittelmeeres gefundenen Verhältnisse und ergänzen diese noch etwas hinsichtlich des Überganges zur Nacheiszeit.
description: research
Towards dialogue on recognition of indigenous difference : discourses of self-determination in democratic theory and indigenous scholarship
Creators: name: Reid, Kyla Marguerite Doris
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This paper argues that conceptual dialogue regarding self-determination between democratic theorists and indigenous scholars is necessary before dialogue between the Canadian state and indigenous communities can be fruitful. This conceptual dialogue is impossible as long as democratic theorists and indigenous scholars essentialize each other's understandings of the self. Using Charles Taylor's theory of recognition, I argue that both democratic theorists and indigenous scholars present multiple ways of conceiving of self-determination and highlight the work of Dale Turner and Hannah Arendt as most productive for theoretical dialogue that may inform the more pragmatic dialogues between the Canadian state and indigenous communities.
Exploring the Potential of Integral Field Spectroscopy Observing Extrasolar Planet Transits: Ground Based Observations of the Atmospheric Na in HD209458b
Creators: name: Arribas, Santiago
name: Gilliland, Ronald L.
name: Sparks, William B.
name: Lopez-Martin, Luis
name: Mediavilla, Evencio
name: Gomez-Alvarez, Pedro
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the use of Integral Field Spectroscopy (IFS) to observe extrasolar planet transits. Although this technique should find its full potential in space observations (e.g. JWST, TPF), we have tested its basics with ground based time series observations of HD209458b obtained with WHT+INTEGRAL during a transit. For this analysis we used 5550 spectra, obtained in 150 exposures during a period of >7 hours. We found that IFS offers 3 fundamental advantages with respect to previously used methods. (i) It improves the effective S/N in photon limited observations by distributing the light coming from the star into the 2 dimensions of the detector. (ii) This type of IFS data allows to 'auto-calibrate' instrumental and background effects. (iii) Since the star image characteristics as well as its photometric properties are extracted from the same data-cube, it is possible to decorrelate photometric instabilities induced by PSF variations. These data have also allowed us to explore the accuracy limits of ground based 'relative' spectrophotometry. This was done using a photometric index that probes the NaD lines, for which we obtained a nominal 1-sigma error of ~1.0x10^-4. This result, based on observations of only 1 transit, indicates that this type of ground observation can constrain the characterization of the transmission spectrum of extrasolar planets. The present observations are compatible with no extra NaD depression during the transit. Though this result seems to be inconsistent with the recently reported HST-STIS findings we point out its limited statistical meaning: the results disagree within 1-sigma, but agree within 2-sigma. We also give some recommenda-tions to instrument developers in order to enhance the efficiency of the method.
description: 15 pages, 2 tables, 10 figures. To appear in PASP (January 2006)
Arbeitsergebnisse der Subkommission für Europäische Quartär-stratigraphie: Stratotypen des Elster- und Weichsel-Glazials
Creators: name: Meyer, Klaus-Dieter
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1981

description: Es wird über die Arbeit der SEQS während der letzten und laufenden Interkongreßperiode berichtet, speziell über zwei Arbeitstreffen in Berlin (DDR), 20.—25. 6.1977 und Polen, 4.—11. 9.1979. Auf dem Treffen in der DDR wurde als Typlokalität der Elster-Formation das Gebiet von Voigtstedt ausgewählt. Auf dem Treffen in Polen wurde das untere Weichsel-Gebiet als Typregion der Weichsel-Formation vorgeschlagen. Abschließend wird die weitere Planung der SEQS erläutert.
description: research
A survey on modern trainable activation functions
Creators: name: Apicella, Andrea
name: Donnarumma, Francesco
name: Isgrò, Francesco
name: Prevete, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In neural networks literature, there is a strong interest in identifying and defining activation functions which can improve neural network performance. In recent years there has been a renovated interest of the scientific community in investigating activation functions which can be trained during the learning process, usually referred to as "trainable", "learnable" or "adaptable" activation functions. They appear to lead to better network performance. Diverse and heterogeneous models of trainable activation function have been proposed in the literature. In this paper, we present a survey of these models. Starting from a discussion on the use of the term "activation function" in literature, we propose a taxonomy of trainable activation functions, highlight common and distinctive proprieties of recent and past models, and discuss main advantages and limitations of this type of approach. We show that many of the proposed approaches are equivalent to adding neuron layers which use fixed (non-trainable) activation functions and some simple local rule that constraints the corresponding weight layers.
description: Published in "Neural Networks" journal (Elsevier)
LA PARADA: EXPLAINING IXIL DAY LABORERS IN VIRGINIA . ILLEGALITY, LOSS, HOPE AND COMMUNITY
Creators: name: Ibanez-Holtermann, Esther
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This ethnographic study looks at the lived experiences of Guatemalan indigenous day laborers meeting at La Parada, an informal corner in Virginia. Seen as transient, de-spatialized workers, it is easy to forget that they are human beings participating in our communities. In an increasingly anti-immigrant environment, this study explores the social, cultural, and economic links they develop with the communities they interact simultaneously: their own Ixil-speaking day labor community; the transnational community they left behind in the highlands of Guatemala; the Spanish-speaking community in Virginia and the wider English-speaking community. A focal point of this dissertation is the power and violence of illegality on their lived experiences. Illegality not only marginalizes these day laborers, it significantly affects their social life. Unable to imagine a future in the United States, predominantly as a consequence of their real or presumed illegality, the increased levels of violence in the communities they left behind in the highlands of Guatemala, make a return unthinkable for the majority. These workers are stuck in the presence. I see their migration as an act of agency, an expression of hope in the context of violence, discrimination and poverty in their homeland. Migration however also entails loss and suffering. Despite the very difficult conditions and the social and economic violence they experience, day laborers find ways to resist their position in the neoliberal economic system.
Modelling and Analysing A 9 Level Cascaded H-Bridge Inverter Integrated Photovoltaic System Functioning as A DER
Creators: name: Hossain, Rubaiat
name: Jubaer, Abdullah Al
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Renewable Energy
Power Electronics
Multilevel Inverters
Photovoltaics

description: Energy should, be sustainable and never affect human health either during generation or any other stages. Within present trends to develop energy scenarios with diminishing use of fossil fuels, nuclear power, etc. it seems difficult to meet an increasing need for energy. Incorporation of renewable energy sources within the energy sector could mitigate future energy crises in a sustainable way. Bangladesh has great renewable energy prospects when compared with other south-Asian countries. Severe energy crises such as generation not being able to keep up with demand result in outages, load-shedding, and even blackouts. This problem could be reduced by introducing renewable energy resources at a large scale within our power sector. Renewable energy sources are increasingly used due to their availability and it has a little negative impact on the environment. But the renewable energy is still young as technology and many of its components are still in their preliminary stages. Multilevel inverters are one of the great solutions that are proposed to satisfy the demand for high-power applications and the significant integration of renewable energy. The conversion process from DC to AC must be done at high efficiency to decrease the energy loss and to ensure the electric grid power quality. The Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is the most important feature that indicates the efficiency of the conversion process. This thesis presents the design, simulation and various analyses on multilevel inverters. The inverter is then implemented in a grid-tied PV system to observe the inverter's effect in three-phase. Some additional tools other than Simulink were utilized to design the grid-tied system for a university campus and run analysis. Electrical, mechanical, and economic analysis is conducted with the assistance of some fixed assumptions within those tools. The proposed system yielded a THD of 4.63% in a single phase. The net renewable fraction achievable by the system was 3.03% and an optimized system with multiple such clusters yielded a 45.2% renewable fraction of the total electrical energy consumed. This dissertation would aid our peers to explore this frontier of distributed generation by providing THD values achievable from multilevel cascaded H-bridge inverters applying various control techniques, and also encourage them to study the available professional PV design tools.
LA PARADA: EXPLAINING IXIL DAY LABORERS IN VIRGINIA . ILLEGALITY, LOSS, HOPE AND COMMUNITY
Creators: name: Ibanez-Holtermann, Esther
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4401
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This ethnographic study looks at the lived experiences of Guatemalan indigenous day laborers meeting at La Parada, an informal corner in Virginia. Seen as transient, de-spatialized workers, it is easy to forget that they are human beings participating in our communities. In an increasingly anti-immigrant environment, this study explores the social, cultural, and economic links they develop with the communities they interact simultaneously: their own Ixil-speaking day labor community; the transnational community they left behind in the highlands of Guatemala; the Spanish-speaking community in Virginia and the wider English-speaking community. A focal point of this dissertation is the power and violence of illegality on their lived experiences. Illegality not only marginalizes these day laborers, it significantly affects their social life. Unable to imagine a future in the United States, predominantly as a consequence of their real or presumed illegality, the increased levels of violence in the communities they left behind in the highlands of Guatemala, make a return unthinkable for the majority. These workers are stuck in the presence. I see their migration as an act of agency, an expression of hope in the context of violence, discrimination and poverty in their homeland. Migration however also entails loss and suffering. Despite the very difficult conditions and the social and economic violence they experience, day laborers find ways to resist their position in the neoliberal economic system.
Gender-Sensitive Procedures in Substance Abuse Treatment: Associated Costs and Effectiveness
Creators: name: Hornack, Sarah E.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Gender-sensitive (GS) treatment refers to specific practices that are thought to make drug treatment more helpful for women, such as parent training or trauma-focused therapy. The implementation of these practices is seen as important due to the unique challenges women face in substance abuse treatment. The current investigation examines 13 mixed-gender, intensive inpatient programs (IIPs) that varied in gender sensitivity. The costs of gender-sensitive treatment, including monetary and non-monetary resources invested, were determined. Ratios and graphical analyses compared the resources contributed by patients and providers to the outcome variable at both individual and programmatic levels. The outcome variable of interest is the number of days to treatment re-entry, assuming that more treatment-free days after discharge from IIP treatment is a positive result. It was expected that programs with greater gender sensitivity will require more patient and provider resources, while also providing more effective treatment, as measured by women's treatment re-entry. Results indicated that gender-sensitive treatment does cost more, but is no differences were indicated in effectiveness or cost-effectiveness. However, the cost of providing gender-sensitive treatment services is minimal, with median values ranging from $1.25 and $2.99 per treatment-free day. With improvements to outcome measurement and an increased sample, further research on the cost-effectiveness of gender-sensitive treatment may arrive at different conclusions.