cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Kyphoplasty Restores the Global Sagittal Balance of the Spine Independently from Pain Reduction
Creators: name: Pumberger, Matthias
name: Schitz, Florian
name: Bürger, Justus
name: Schömig, Friederike
name: Putzier, Michael
name: Palmowski, Yannick
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Kyphoplasty
subject: Pain Reduction
subject: Sagittal
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Kyphoplasty is the standard surgical treatment of vertebral compression fractures. We aimed to clarify the influence of kyphoplasty on the sagittal profile as well as the relation between posture improvement and pain relief. For this purpose, we evaluated various radiological parameters of the sagittal profile on whole spine standing radiographs of 73 Patients with a single vertebral fracture treated by kyphoplasty. The key outcome was the postoperative change of the sagittal vertical axis (SVA). Additionally, clinical parameters including pain scores on visual analogue scale (VAS) and use of analgesics were obtained from medical records. Pre- and postoperative radiological as well as clinical parameters were compared. Additionally, the correlation between changes of SVA and changes of local kyphotic angle (LKA) or VAS was examined. The clinical parameters as well as various radiographic parameters (SVA, LKA, Gardner, Cobb) improved significantly postoperatively. The improvement of SVA correlated significantly with the correction of the LKA but not with postoperative pain relief. We conclude that kyphoplasty helps to restore the global sagittal balance of the spine after vertebral fractures. The correction of the sagittal profile seems to depend on the correction of the local kyphotic angle but does not correlate with postoperative pain relief.
Counter-examples in Parametric Geometry of Numbers
Creators: name: Rivard-Cooke, Martin
name: Roy, Damien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11J13 (Primary), 11J82 (Secondary)

description: Thanks to recent advances in parametric geometry of numbers, we know that the spectrum of any set of $m$ exponents of Diophantine approximation to points in $\mathbb{R}^n$ (in a general abstract setting) is a compact connected subset of $\mathbb{R}^m$. Moreover, this set is semi-algebraic and closed under coordinate-wise minimum for $n\le 3$. In this paper, we give examples showing that for $n\ge 4$ each of the latter properties may fail.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Absence of long-term changes in urine biomarkers after AKI: findings from the CRIC study
Creators: name: McCoy, Ian E.
name: Hsu, Jesse Y.
name: Bonventre, Joseph V.
name: Parikh, Chirag R.
name: Go, Alan S.
name: Liu, Kathleen D.
name: Ricardo, Ana C.
name: Srivastava, Anand
name: Cohen, Debbie L.
name: He, Jiang
name: Chen, Jing
name: Rao, Panduranga S.
name: Muiru, Anthony N.
name: Hsu, Chi-yuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Raw urine biomarker levels without normalization to urine creatinine. Table S2. Urine biomarker-to-creatinine ratio changes in mixed effects models by AKI stage.
Additional file 1: of Risk factors for death among children 0–59 months of age with moderate-to-severe diarrhea in Manhiça district, southern Mozambique
Creators: name: Acácio, Sozinho
name: Mandomando, Inácio
name: Nhampossa, Tacilta
name: Quintó, Llorenç
name: Vubil, Delfino
name: Sacoor, Charfudin
name: Kotloff, Karen
name: Farag, Tamer
name: Nasrin, Dilruba
name: Macete, Eusébio
name: Levine, Myron
name: Alonso, Pedro
name: Bassat, Quique
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Main cause of death diagnoses among study participants as determined by verbal autopsy. (DOCX 14 kb)
The Structure of High Strehl Ratio Point-Spread Functions
Creators: name: Perrin, Marshall D.
name: Sivaramakrishnan, Anand
name: Makidon, Russell B.
name: Oppenheimer, Ben R.
name: Graham, James R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the symmetries present in the point-spread function (PSF) of an optical system either located in space or corrected by an adaptive o to Strehl ratios of about 70% and higher. We present a formalism for expanding the PSF to arbitrary order in terms of powers of the Fourier transform of the residual phase error, over an arbitrarily shaped and apodized entrance aperture. For traditional unapodized apertures at high Strehl ratios, bright speckles pinned to the bright Airy rings are part of an antisymmetric perturbation of the perfect PSF, arising from the term that is first order in the residual phase error. There are two symmetric second degree terms. One is negative at the center, and, like the first order term, is modulated by the perfect image's field strength -- it reduces to the Marechal approximation at the center of the PSF. The other is non-negative everywhere, zero at the image center, and can be responsible for an extended halo -- which limits the dynamic range of faint companion detection in the darkest portions of the image. In regimes where one or the other term dominates the speckles in an image, the symmetry of the dominant term can be exploited to reduce the effect of those speckles, potentially by an order of magnitude or more. We demonstrate the effects of both secondary obscuration and pupil apodization on the structure of residual speckles, and discuss how these symmetries can be exploited by appropriate telescope and instrument design, observing strategies, and filter bandwidths to improve the dynamic range of high dynamic range AO and space-based observations. Finally, we show that our analysis is relevant to high dynamic range coronagraphy.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ; 20 pages, 4 figures
Global health research and education at medical faculties in Germany
Creators: name: Karduck, Léonie
name: Behnke, Anna Lisa
name: Baier, Alicia
name: Gotham, Dzintars
name: Grabitz, Peter
name: Lennartz, Nora
name: Speer, Lara
name: Tinnemann, Peter
name: Bruchhausen, Walter
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biomedical Research
subject: Global Health
subject: Schools, Medical
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background Universities undertake the majority of publicly funded research in Germany and hence bear a responsibility to contribute to global health efforts. So far, involvement and impact of German medical faculties in global health are unknown. Our aim was to systematically asses and evaluate German medical faculties’ contribution to global health related research and education, as well as their policies and practices concerning open access publishing and equitable licensing. Methods We assessed the involvement in global health of all 36 publicly funded medical faculties in Germany during 2010–2014 in three areas: innovation, access and education, using the following indicators: research funding and publications focused on global health or poverty-related and neglected diseases; open access publishing and policies promoting access to medical innovations worldwide; provision of global health education. Data were gathered from public databases, university websites and questionnaires sent to individual universities for validation and triangulation. Results There was a high level of variability between institutions and indicators. The proportion of research funding for poverty-related and neglected diseases research ranged between 0.0–1.1%. The top five institutions received nearly 85% of the total poverty-related and neglected diseases research funding. 20 of 36 universities had an institutional open access publishing policy, 19 had an open access publishing fund, 16 had neither. Only one university reported having used an equitable licensing policy. 22 of 36 faculties provided some global health education, but only one of them included global health in their core undergraduate medical curriculum as a compulsory course with more than just single lectures. Conclusion Obtained data indicate that global health and poverty-related and neglected diseases research at German medical faculties is highly concentrated in a few institutions, open-access publishing and equitable licensing policies are mostly absent, and only little global health education exists. Universities and government should address global health strategically in both research and education at medical faculties to reflect the country’s economic and political weight and human resource potential.
Territori contadini nel Mali centrale
Creators: name: Pietrobon, Elvira
Publisher: name: Contesti. Città, territori, progetti
Year: 2021

description: This paper proposes a reflection on rurality starting from the cultural expressions and peasant practices of the Bambara ethnic group of central Mali in West Africa. The contribution has been developed through a field research based on a prolonged sharing of the everyday life. The article identifies peasant resistance as the foundation of local geographies, referring to decolonial critical thought as a theoretical basis for highlighting the relationships between the political and symbolic dimension and the spatial and territorial one. The resulting peasant territories are defined in their potential at an interpretative and design level, which invests the rural with a meaning that goes beyond the borders of the continent and questions the hegemony of the categories of thought that cannot be released from the filter of the market economy.
description: Contesti. Città, territori, progetti, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021): Ruralities
Transport Mechanism of Acetamide in Deep Eutectic Solvents
Creators: name: Srinivasan, H.
name: Sharma, V. K.
name: Sakai, V. García
name: Embs, Jan P
name: Mukhopadhyay, R.
name: Mitra, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the last couple of decades, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as novel alternatives to ionic liquids that are extensively used in synthesis of innovative materials, metal processing, catalysis, etc. However, their usage is limited, primarily because of the large viscosity and poor conductivity. Therefore, an understanding of the molecular origin of these properties is essential to improve their industrial applicability. Here, we present the report of the nanoscopic diffusion mechanism of acetamide in a DES synthesized with lithium perchlorate as studied using neutron scattering and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation techniques. Although, the acetamide based DES (ADES) has remarkably lower freezing point compared to pure acetamide, the molecular mobility is found to be enormously restricted in the former. MD simulation indicates a diffusion model with two distinct processes, corresponding to, long range jump diffusion and localised diffusion within a restricted volume. This model is validated by analysis of neutron scattering data in both molten acetamide and ADES. The long range diffusion process of acetamide is slower by a factor of three in ADES in comparison with molten acetamide. MD simulation reveals that the long range diffusion in ADES is restricted mainly due to the formation of hydrogen bond mediated complexes between the ionic species of the salt and acetamide molecules. Hence, the origin of higher viscosity observed in ADES can be attributed to the complexation. The complex formation also explains the inhibition of the crystallisation process while cooling and thereby results in depression of the freezing point of ADES.
Visualizing the Central Nervous System: Imaging Tools for Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders
Creators: name: Kuchling, Joseph
name: Paul, Friedemann
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: multiple sclerosis
subject: neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD)
subject: magnetic resonance imaging
subject: optical coherence tomography
subject: neuroimaging
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are autoimmune central nervous system conditions with increasing incidence and prevalence. While MS is the most frequent inflammatory CNS disorder in young adults, NMOSD is a rare disease, that is pathogenetically distinct from MS, and accounts for approximately 1% of demyelinating disorders, with the relative proportion within the demyelinating CNS diseases varying widely among different races and regions. Most immunomodulatory drugs used in MS are inefficacious or even harmful in NMOSD, emphasizing the need for a timely and accurate diagnosis and distinction from MS. Despite distinct immunopathology and differences in disease course and severity there might be considerable overlap in clinical and imaging findings, posing a diagnostic challenge for managing neurologists. Differential diagnosis is facilitated by positive serology for AQP4-antibodies (AQP4-ab) in NMOSD, but might be difficult in seronegative cases. Imaging of the brain, optic nerve, retina and spinal cord is of paramount importance when managing patients with autoimmune CNS conditions. Once a diagnosis has been established, imaging techniques are often deployed at regular intervals over the disease course as surrogate measures for disease activity and progression and to surveil treatment effects. While the application of some imaging modalities for monitoring of disease course was established decades ago in MS, the situation is unclear in NMOSD where work on longitudinal imaging findings and their association with clinical disability is scant. Moreover, as long-term disability is mostly attack-related in NMOSD and does not stem from insidious progression as in MS, regular follow-up imaging might not be useful in the absence of clinical events. However, with accumulating evidence for covert tissue alteration in NMOSD and with the advent of approved immunotherapies the role of imaging in the management of NMOSD may be reconsidered. By contrast, MS management still faces the challenge of implementing imaging techniques that are capable of monitoring progressive tissue loss in clinical trials and cohort studies into treatment algorithms for individual patients. This article reviews the current status of imaging research in MS and NMOSD with an emphasis on emerging modalities that have the potential to be implemented in clinical practice.
The Relationship Between the Sersic Law Profiles Measured Along the Major and Minor Axes of Elliptical Galaxies
Creators: name: Ferrari, Fabricio
name: Dottori, Horacio
name: Caon, Nicola
name: Nobrega, Antonio
name: Pavani, Daniela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we discuss the reason why the parameters of the Sersic model best-fitting the major axis light profile of elliptical galaxies can differ significantly from those derived for the minor axis profile. We show that this discrepancy is a natural consequence of the fact that the isophote eccentricity varies with the radius of the isophote and present a mathematical transformation that allows the minor axis Sersic model to be calculated from the major axis model, provided that the elliptical isophotes are aligned and concentric and that their eccentricity can be represented by a well behaved, though quite general, function of the radius. When there is no variation in eccentricity only the effective radius changes in the Sersic model, while for radial-dependent eccentricity the transformation which allows the minor axis Sersic model to be calculated from the major axis model is given by the Lerch Phi transcendental function. The proposed transformation was tested using photometric data for 28 early-type galaxies.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures, LaTex with mn2e.cls. Accepted to MNRAS
Alterazioni rurali
Creators: name: Rondot, Camilla
Publisher: name: Contesti. Città, territori, progetti
Year: 2021

description: The article is the result of a research carried out from September 2020 to July 2021 as a project for the master's thesis of the Architecture and Construction City Course at the Politecnico di Torino. It was developed through several interviews with institutional actors and representatives of associations operating in the area, including: Intersos, Io Ci Sto, Casa Sankara. It was enriched through a photographic survey and a guided inspection carried out in June 2021, as well as through a recognition of literature from different disciplinary backgrounds. The aim is to problematize the category of rural, which is by no means univocal, as is clearly shown by the reading of the impacting economic dynamics affecting the territory of the province of Foggia and their spatial repercussions. The research uses the territory of Borgo Mezzanone, where one of the largest informal settlements in Italy is located, as a case study, relating it to the dynamics that govern the production system in this territory.
description: Contesti. Città, territori, progetti, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021): Ruralities
Mindfulness-Based Interventions for In-Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders-A Qualitative Approach
Creators: name: Böge, Kerem
name: Karadza, Almira
name: Fuchs, Lukas M.
name: Ehlen, Felicitas
name: Ta, Thi Minh Tam
name: Thomas, Neil
name: Bajbouj, Malek
name: Hahn, Eric
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: mindfulness
subject: schizophrenia spectrum disorders
subject: in-patient
subject: qualitative research
subject: positive symptoms
subject: negative symptoms
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: In recent years, mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have gained clinical relevance in the treatment of patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs). High symptom burden, long durations of hospitalization and high rehospitalization rates demonstrate the severity and cost-intensity of these disorders. MBIs have shown promising treatment outcomes in a small number of trials, primarily taking place in English-speaking countries. The current study aims to explore mechanisms and processes as well as adverse effects of MBIs on in-patients with SSDs in a German university hospital setting. A qualitative design based on inductive thematic analysis accompanied by quantitative assessments was chosen. A semi-structured interview guide was developed by psychiatrists and psychologists to assess patient experiences, perceptions, thoughts, and feelings during and after taking part in a MBI. Twenty-seven interviews were conducted between September 2017 and October 2018 with in-patients who are diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Rater-based questionnaires, such as the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), and Psychotic Symptom Rating Scales-Auditory Hallucination (PSYRATS-AH) were administered at baseline to collect clinical outcomes. Qualitative analysis revealed two domains: content and function. In the first domain related to content with the core elements "detachment and rumination", "presence and getting lost", "non-judgment and judgment", and effects with "emotions", "cognition", and "symptom changes". A second domain related to function was extracted, including the relevance of perception of context and transfer to everyday life. Overall, improvements concerning cognition, distress, and psychopathology were detected, while no adverse effects, such as increased psychotic symptoms, were revealed. As the first study of its kind, mechanisms, processes, and the safety of MBIs were explored and confirmed in a sample of German in-patients with SSDs. The results of this qualitative study are in line with recent findings on MBIs amongst patients with psychotic disorders from other countries. Results lay the ground for future research to focus on the systematic study of MBIs in large samples, its treatment processes, outcomes, and effectiveness for in-patients with SSDs.
Caprainea marginata sensu Nayrolles 1993
Creators: name: Thibaud, Jean-Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Collembola
Symphypleona
Sminthuridae
Caprainea
Caprainea marginata

description: Caprainea marginata (Schött, 1893) sensu Nayrolles 1993 *
Sminthurus marginatus Schött, 1893: 25.
Caprainea marginata – Nayrolles 1993b: 57.
Caprainea echinata Dallai, 1970a: 52.
DISTRIBUTION. — Aveyron. Plateau de la Justice, vers Bessuéjouls (Nayrolles 1993b).
Bouches-du-Rhône. Camargue, dunes de Beynes, eaux saumâtres (Poinsot 1965, 1966b). — Grottes Roland, massif de Marseille- Veyre (Vedovini 1968). — Forêtde Cadarache (Rougon & Rougon 1970, Sminthurus echinatus). — Cadarache (Poinsot-Balaguer 1976d, S. echinatus). — Plateaudu Petit Arbois (Cortet & Poinsot-Balaguer 1998).
Camargue. Poinsot 1974b.
Corse. Forêtd’Aitone, 1050 m (Denis 1947b). — Poinsot 1972a, 1974b, 1978, C. echinata).
Dordogne. Le Parc (Denis 1924d).
Essonne. Forêtde Sénart (Ponge 1993).
Hautes-Pyrénées. Valléede Couplan (Cassagnau 1961, 1964a).
Hérault. Grotte de Julio à Olargues (Gama 1991, C. echinata).
Loiret. Forêtd’Orléans (Ponge etal. 1993).
Oise. Labosse (D’Haese 2002).
Provence. Poinsot 1974b.
Tarn, Aude. Montagne Noire (Cassagnau 1965).
Var. Massif des Maures (Poinsot-Balaguer & Kabakibi 1987).
TAXONOMIE. — Denis 1947b (redescription).
ÉCOLOGIE. — Cassagnau 1965 (écologie, sol); Poinsot 1965, 1966b; Rougon & Rougon 1970); Poinsot-Balaguer 1976d (irradiation); Poinsot-Balaguer & Kabakibi 1987); Ponge 1993; Ponge etal. 1993 (écologie expérimentale, litière); Cortet & Poinsot-Balaguer 1998 (décompositiondelitières).
DONNÉES MOLÉCULAIRES. — D’Haese 2002 (phylogénie).
description: Published as part of Thibaud, Jean-Marc, 2017, Catalogue des collemboles de France, pp. 297-436 in Zoosystema 39 (3) on page 407, DOI: 10.5252/z2017n3a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5496272
Personal Email Networks: An Effective Anti-Spam Tool
Creators: name: Boykin, P. Oscar
name: Roychowdhury, Vwani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We provide an automated graph theoretic method for identifying individual users' trusted networks of friends in cyberspace. We routinely use our social networks to judge the trustworthiness of outsiders, i.e., to decide where to buy our next car, or to find a good mechanic for it. In this work, we show that an email user may similarly use his email network, constructed solely from sender and recipient information available in the email headers, to distinguish between unsolicited commercial emails, commonly called "spam", and emails associated with his circles of friends. We exploit the properties of social networks to construct an automated anti-spam tool which processes an individual user's personal email network to simultaneously identify the user's core trusted networks of friends, as well as subnetworks generated by spams. In our empirical studies of individual mail boxes, our algorithm classified approximately 53% of all emails as spam or non-spam, with 100% accuracy. Some of the emails are left unclassified by this network analysis tool. However, one can exploit two of the following useful features. First, it requires no user intervention or supervised training; second, it results in no false negatives i.e., spam being misclassified as non-spam, or vice versa. We demonstrate that these two features suggest that our algorithm may be used as a platform for a comprehensive solution to the spam problem when used in concert with more sophisticated, but more cumbersome, content-based filters.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Optimization of Evolutionary Neural Networks Using Hybrid Learning Algorithms
Creators: name: Abraham, Ajith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 1.2.0

description: Evolutionary artificial neural networks (EANNs) refer to a special class of artificial neural networks (ANNs) in which evolution is another fundamental form of adaptation in addition to learning. Evolutionary algorithms are used to adapt the connection weights, network architecture and learning algorithms according to the problem environment. Even though evolutionary algorithms are well known as efficient global search algorithms, very often they miss the best local solutions in the complex solution space. In this paper, we propose a hybrid meta-heuristic learning approach combining evolutionary learning and local search methods (using 1st and 2nd order error information) to improve the learning and faster convergence obtained using a direct evolutionary approach. The proposed technique is tested on three different chaotic time series and the test results are compared with some popular neuro-fuzzy systems and a recently developed cutting angle method of global optimization. Empirical results reveal that the proposed technique is efficient in spite of the computational complexity.
Ventilation and Perfusion at the Alveolar Level: Insights From Lung Intravital Microscopy
Creators: name: Matuszak, Jasmin
name: Tabuchi, Arata
name: Kuebler, Wolfgang M.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: intravital microscopy
subject: alveolar dynamics
subject: alveolar perfusion
subject: pulmonary microcirculation
subject: acute lung injury
subject: lung video microscopy
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Intravital microscopy (IVM) offers unique possibilities for the observation of biological processes and disease related mechanisms in vivo. Especially for anatomically complex and dynamic organs such as the lung and its main functional unit, the alveolus, IVM provides exclusive advantages in terms of spatial and temporal resolution. By the use of lung windows, which have advanced and improved over time, direct access to the lung surface is provided. In this review we will discuss two main topics, namely alveolar dynamics and perfusion from the perspective of IVM-based studies. Of special interest are unanswered questions regarding alveolar dynamics such as: What are physiologic alveolar dynamics? How do these dynamics change under pathologic conditions and how do those changes contribute to ventilator-induced lung injury? How can alveolar dynamics be targeted in a beneficial way? With respect to alveolar perfusion IVM has propelled our understanding of the pulmonary microcirculation and its perfusion, as well as pulmonary vasoreactivity, permeability and immunological aspects. Whereas the general mechanism behind these processes are understood, we still lack a proper understanding of the complex, multidimensional interplay between alveolar ventilation and microvascular perfusion, capillary recruitment, or vascular immune responses under physiologic and pathologic conditions. These are only part of the unanswered questions and problems, which we still have to overcome. IVM as the tool of choice might allow us to answer part of these questions within the next years or decades. As every method, IVM has advantages as well as limitations, which have to be taken into account for data analysis and interpretation, which will be addressed in this review.
Pre-concentration of quartz from sea sand through superconducting high gradient magnetic separation technology
Creators: name: Li, Yongkui
name: Li, Suqin
name: Pan, Xiaodong
name: Zhao, Xin
name: Guo, Penghui
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: In this study, a superconducting high gradient magnetic separation (S-HGMS) technology was used to separate and extract quartz from sea sand. Under optimal conditions (i.e., a magnetic flow ratio of 0.085 T·s/m, slurry flow velocity of 400 ml/min, and pulp concentration of 40 g/L), the SiO2 grade increased from 79.45% of the raw material to 91.35% of quartz concentrate, and the removal rate of Al and Fe reached 91.97% and 82.10%, respectively. Weakly magnetic particles in sea sand were selectively transformed to tailings, and the pre-concentration of quartz was achieved under a high magnetic field intensity. The high magnetic field intensity and mineral magnetic differences were the critical factors influencing the magnetic separation of quartz from sea sand. The S-HGMS technology achieved effective pre-concentration of quartz from sea sand, reducing the handling capacity and providing a high-quality material for subsequent quartz refinement processes.
Modelling the management of nature reserves
Creators: name: Boughton, Carol Joyce
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2015
Subjects: nature reserve management
modelling management
modeling management
DoDAF
SysML
nature reserve management system
survey of nature reserve managers
systems modelling
systems modeling
Barren Grounds Nature Reserve
Archbold Biological Station
architecture framework
parks management
conservation

description: Protection of Earth’s natural systems takes many forms, with the establishment of nature reserves dedicated and managed to achieve long-term protection a key global intent. While efforts continue to increase the area encapsulated within the global protected area network, the United Nations Millennium Development Goals Reports of 2011 and 2013 conclude that management of nature reserves continues to be inadequate or ineffective. A survey of nature reserve managers in Australia confirms management is an ongoing issue and provides information on what managers are using to assist with their management activities. If good management equates to meeting the objectives defined for a nature reserve, then understanding what is management is a precondition to improving management. A systems approach underpins the identification of essential aspects of nature reserve management to be used as the basis for creating a model of a generic nature reserve management system. A model that can be used by on-theground nature reserve managers to reflect on what influences, or has impact on, their management role and how they could improve their management to assist in meeting the objectives of their reserve. The nature reserve management system model is an architecture description expressed in the standardised systems modelling language (SysML) and developed using an architecture framework incorporating aspects of governance, specifically the United States Department of Defense Architecture Framework - DoDAF. A proof-of-concept of the generic nature reserve management system model is demonstrated via two case studies. The results of these demonstrations support the value of a nature reserve management system as an aid to management, the application of DoDAF to a non-military context, and the use of three new practical tools to aid in identifying DoDAF model elements. The proof-of-concept also indicates the same approach may be applicable in developing a generic management system capable of tailoring to other specific domains.
Overnight polysomnography and the recording of sleep and sleep-related respiration in orchestra musicians – possible protective effects of wind instruments on respiration
Creators: name: Laharnar, Naima
name: Uibel, Stefanie
name: Hild, Corin
name: Glos, Martin
name: Penzel, Thomas
name: Fietze, Ingo
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Apnea
subject: Music
subject: Occupations
subject: Polysomnography
subject: Respiratory Muscles
subject: Sleep
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Our study is the first to objectively assess sleep and sleep-related respiration in orchestra musicians. We hypothesized low sleep quality due to high work demands and irregular work-sleep schedules, and a better respiration for wind instrument (WI) players than string instrument (SI) players due to habitual upper airway muscles training. We recorded overnight polysomnography with 29 professional orchestra musicians (21 men, 14 WI/ 15 SI). The musicians presented a sleep efficiency of 88% (IQR 82–92%) with WI having a significant higher sleep efficiency than SI (89%, 85–93% vs. 85%, 74–89%; p = 0.029). The group had a total sleep time around 6 hours (377min, 340-421min) with signs of increased NREM 1 (light sleep) and decreased REM (dream sleep). The musicians displayed an apnea-hypopnea-index of 2.1events/hour (0.7–5.5) and an oxygen saturation of 98% (97–100%). While SI player exhibited declining sleep-related respiration with age (breathing events: r = 0.774, p = 0.001, oxygen: r = -0.647, p = 0.009), WI player showed improved respiration with age (breathing events: r = -0.548, p = 0.043; oxygen: r = 0.610, p = 0.020). Our study is the first objective investigation of sleep pattern and respiration during sleep with overnight polysomnography in professional orchestra musicians. While sleep and respiration were unexpectedly good, our results revealed possible signs of sleep deprivation and an interesting age-related pattern on respiration depending on instrument. While sample size was small and results modest, these findings present first objective evidence towards the assumption that habitual playing of a WI–and training of the upper airway muscles–may have a protective effect on respiration.
Metallicity of the intergalactic medium using pixel statistics. II. The distribution of metals as traced by C IV
Creators: name: Schaye, Joop
name: Aguirre, Anthony
name: Kim, Tae-Sun
name: Theuns, Tom
name: Rauch, Michael
name: Sargent, Wallace L. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Modified) We measure the distribution of carbon in the intergalactic medium as a function of redshift z and overdensity delta. Using a hydrodynamical simulation to link the H I absorption to the density and temperature of the absorbing gas, and a model for the UV background radiation, we convert ratios of C IV to H I pixel optical depths into carbon abundances. A careful analysis of 19 high-quality quasar absorption spectra reveals that the carbon abundance is spatially highly inhomogeneous and is well-described by a lognormal distribution for fixed delta and z. Using data in the range log(delta) = -0.5 - 1.8 and z = 1.8 - 4.1, and a renormalized version of the Haardt & Madau (2001) model for the UV background radiation from galaxies and quasars, we measure a median metallicity of [C/H] = -3.47 + 0.08(z-3) + 0.65[log(delta)-0.5] and a lognormal scatter of sigma([C/H]) = 0.76 + 0.02(z-3) - 0.23[log(delta)-0.5]. Thus, we find significant trends with overdensity, but no evidence for evolution. These measurements imply that gas in this density range accounts for a cosmic carbon abundance of [C/H] = -2.80 +/- 0.13 (Omega_C = 2e-7), with no evidence for evolution. The dominant source of systematic error is the spectral shape of the UV background, with harder spectra yielding higher carbon abundances. While the systematic errors due to uncertainties in the spectral hardness may exceed the quoted statistical errors for delta < 10, we stress that UV backgrounds that differ significantly from our fiducial model give unphysical results. The measured lognormal scatter is strictly independent of the spectral shape, provided the background radiation is uniform. We also present measurements of the C III/C IV ratio (which rule out collisional ionization) and of the evolution of the effective Lyman-alpha optical depth.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal, 27 pages, 15 figures. Corrected more typos to match published version
Il discorso rurale
Creators: name: Di Campli, Antonio
name: Catalina Mejía, Catalina Mejía
Publisher: name: Contesti. Città, territori, progetti
Year: 2021

description: Ruralities proposes a reconceptualization of the rural, meaning by this term a 'place of crisis' within our design and planning practices. This reconceptualization is presented through a discourse articulated on two points: Rural as a 'constitutive outside' of the urban and as a 'political mode', as a place where specific forms of power are manifested. Rural spaces are inhabited, produced, owned and cared for by a variety of subjects, by humans and non-humans as well as by a variety of ethnicities, cultures, social groups. In this sense we are against a common imagery where the rural is seen as a place populated by alleged traditional societies. This is an image that implicitly works as a device of racial, social and economic domination. In the same way, we question the Marxian approach to the 'agrarian question' conceived only as a predominantly economic problem, highlighting its racial and ethnic aspects. The goal is to define a different 'rural discourse' able to pay attention to the diversity of rural bodies and to delineate better analysis and design strategies.
description: Contesti. Città, territori, progetti, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2021): Ruralities
Matter coupling in Minimal Massive 3D Gravity and spinor-matter interactions in exterior algebra formalism
Creators: name: Cebeci, Hakan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, by employing the exterior algebra formalism, we study the matter coupling in Minimal Massive 3D Gravity (MMG) by first considering that the matter Lagrangian is connection-independent and then considering that the matter coupling is connection-dependent. The matter coupling in MMG has been previously investigated in the work Arvanitakis {\it et al} (2014 {\it Class. Quantum Grav.} {\bf 31} 235012) in tensorial notation where the matter Lagrangian is considered to be connection-independent. In the first part of the present paper, we revisit the connection-independent matter coupling by using the language of differential forms. We derive the MMG field equation and construct the related source 2-form. We also obtain the consistency relation within this formalism. Next, we examine the case where the matter Lagrangian is connection-dependent. In particular, we concentrate on the spinor-matter coupling and obtain the MMG field equation by explicitly constructing the source term. We also get the consistency relation that the source term should satisfy in order that spinor-matter coupled MMG equation be consistent.
description: Updated version, Title and Abstract changed, accepted for publication
Methocha litoralis Krombein. The 1982
Creators: name: Hanima, Raveendran K. P.
name: Kumar, P. Girish
name: Binoy, C.
name: Sureshan, P. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tiphiidae
Methocha
Methocha litoralis

description: 3. Methocha litoralis Krombein, 1982
 Methocha litoralis Krombein (1982): 90.
 Diagnosis. Male. Body length 9.5 mm. Ocelli in obtuse triangle; apico-medial margin of clypeal lobe deeply emarginated; pronotal disc with anterior ridge; parapsidal furrows and notauli present; mesopleuron with median ovate, impressed, densely setose fossa, above with small punctures; propodeum without median ridge; apices of metasomal segments with row of closer punctures.
 Female. Body length 6.3 mm. Clypeus with low, convex swelling in middle; malar space distinct; pronotal disc without median furrow; mesosternum in frons of mid coxae with pair of strong acute teeth; propodeum virtually impunctate.
 Distribution. India: Puducherry, Sri Lanka.
 Note. No additional specimens were obtained during the present study. So, the above mentioned diagnosis is based on the original species description (Krombein 1982).
description: Published as part of Hanima, Raveendran K. P., Kumar, P. Girish, Binoy, C. & Sureshan, P. M., 2021, A taxonomic study of Methocha Latreille (Hymenoptera: Tiphiidae: Methochinae) from India with description of three new species, pp. 258-272 in Zootaxa 4999 (3) on page 263, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4999.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/5119053
Degeneration of Lumbar Intervertebral Discs: Characterization of Anulus Fibrosus Tissue and Cells of Different Degeneration Grades
Creators: name: Stich, Stefan
name: Jagielski, Michal
name: Fleischmann, Anja
name: Meier, Carola
name: Bussmann, Patricia
name: Kohl, Benjamin
name: Schmidt, Julia
name: Krüger, Jan-Philipp
name: Endres, Michaela
name: Cabraja, Mario
name: Reimann, Kolja
name: Laue, Dominik
name: Ertel, Wolfgang
name: Sittinger, Michael
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: intervertebral disc
subject: anulus fibrosus
subject: degeneration
subject: genome-wide microarray
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Intervertebral disc (IVD) herniation and degeneration is a major source of back pain. In order to regenerate a herniated and degenerated disc, closure of the anulus fibrosus (AF) is of crucial importance. For molecular characterization of AF, genome-wide Affymetrix HG-U133plus2.0 microarrays of native AF and cultured cells were investigated. To evaluate if cells derived from degenerated AF are able to initiate gene expression of a regenerative pattern of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, cultivated cells were stimulated with bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), transforming growth factor β1 (TGFβ1) or tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) for 24 h. Comparative microarray analysis of native AF tissues showed 788 genes with a significantly different gene expression with 213 genes more highly expressed in mild and 575 genes in severe degenerated AF tissue. Mild degenerated native AF tissues showed a higher gene expression of common cartilage ECM genes, whereas severe degenerated AF tissues expressed genes known from degenerative processes, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) and bone associated genes. During monolayer cultivation, only 164 differentially expressed genes were found. The cells dedifferentiated and altered their gene expression profile. RTD-PCR analyses of BMP2- and TGFβ1-stimulated cells from mild and severe degenerated AF tissue after 24 h showed an increased expression of cartilage associated genes. TNFα stimulation increased MMP1, 3, and 13 expression. Cells derived from mild and severe degenerated tissues could be stimulated to a comparable extent. These results give hope that regeneration of mildly but also strongly degenerated disc tissue is possible.
Analysis of Hybrid Soft and Hard Computing Techniques for Forex Monitoring Systems
Creators: name: Abraham, Ajith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 1.2.0

description: In a universe with a single currency, there would be no foreign exchange market, no foreign exchange rates, and no foreign exchange. Over the past twenty-five years, the way the market has performed those tasks has changed enormously. The need for intelligent monitoring systems has become a necessity to keep track of the complex forex market. The vast currency market is a foreign concept to the average individual. However, once it is broken down into simple terms, the average individual can begin to understand the foreign exchange market and use it as a financial instrument for future investing. In this paper, we attempt to compare the performance of hybrid soft computing and hard computing techniques to predict the average monthly forex rates one month ahead. The soft computing models considered are a neural network trained by the scaled conjugate gradient algorithm and a neuro-fuzzy model implementing a Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy inference system. We also considered Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS), Classification and Regression Trees (CART) and a hybrid CART-MARS technique. We considered the exchange rates of Australian dollar with respect to US dollar, Singapore dollar, New Zealand dollar, Japanese yen and United Kingdom pounds. The models were trained using 70% of the data and remaining was used for testing and validation purposes. It is observed that the proposed hybrid models could predict the forex rates more accurately than all the techniques when applied individually. Empirical results also reveal that the hybrid hard computing approach also improved some of our previous work using a neuro-fuzzy approach.
Additional file 1: of Gender-specific associations between atherogenic index of plasma and the presence and severity of acute coronary syndrome in very young adults: a hospital-based observational study
Creators: name: Cai, Gaojun
name: Liu, Wei
name: Lv, Sai
name: Wang, Xu
name: Guo, Yonghe
name: Yan, Zhenxian
name: Du, Yu
name: Zhou, Yujie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Virology

description: Table S1. Correlation analysis of AIP with other variables. Table S2. Clinical characteristics according to GS quartiles in very young adults with ACS. Table S3. Clinical characteristics according to number of lesion vessels in very young adults with ACS. (DOCX 18 kb)
Gisinurus malatestai Dallai 1970
Creators: name: Thibaud, Jean-Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Collembola
Symphypleona
Sminthuridae
Gisinurus
Gisinurus malatestai

description: Gisinurus malatestai Dallai, 1970
Gisinurus malatestai Dallai, 1970b: 469.
DISTRIBUTION. — Corse. Poinsot-Balaguer 1978.
description: Published as part of Thibaud, Jean-Marc, 2017, Catalogue des collemboles de France, pp. 297-436 in Zoosystema 39 (3) on page 407, DOI: 10.5252/z2017n3a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5496272