cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Assessing δ15N values in the carbonate-bound organic matrix and periostracum of bivalve shells as environmental archives
Creators: name: Graniero, L.E.
name: Surge, D.
name: Bouillon, S.
name: Kelemen, Z.
name: Gillikin, D.P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Though previous studies demonstrate the utility of nitrogen and carbon stable isotope ratios (δ15N and δ13C, respectively) in bivalve soft tissues as biogeochemical proxies, it is necessary to develop alternative proxies for environmental reconstructions when soft tissues are unavailable, such as with fossils or in museum-archived specimens. This study assesses the reliability of the δ15N values of carbonate-bound organic matrix (δ15NCBOM) and periostracum (δ15Nperiostracum) in bivalve shells as recorders of the δ15N values of particulate nitrogen (δ15NPN) by comparing the δ15NCBOM and δ15Nperiostracum values of live-collected freshwater mussels (Elliptio complanata) and estuarine clams (Rangia cuneata) to the δ15N values of particulate nitrogen (δ15NPN) in the water column. The δ15NCBOM and δ15Nperiostracum values in both species were within the range of the δ15NPN values that have been corrected for trophic-level enrichment. Thus, our findings illustrate that δ15NCBOM and δ15Nperiostracum values reliably record δ15NPN values in rivers and estuaries. The significant positive correlation between δ15NCBOM and δ15Nperiostracum values in both species indicates that they may be used in a similar manner to record δ15NPN values. The δ15N values in E. complanata muscle, mantle, and gill tissues were enriched by about +3.4‰ compared to δ15NPN from the water column, which suggests that they are primary consumers that reflect baseline trophic levels. On the other hand, δ15N values in the soft tissues of R. cuneata have trophic-level enrichment consistent with both primary and secondary consumption. Therefore, variations in the δ15N values of tissues in R. cuneata may be related to trophic-level shifts and/or changes in N sources. Differences between the δ15N values of soft tissue, CBOM, and periostracum in E. complanata and R. cuneata can be attributed to asynchronous growth, metabolic rate, and organic molecule composition. The δ15NCBOM values vary along a freshwater-estuarine gradient because of land-use change and differences in the trophic level of the compared species. The δ15NCBOM values between neighboring sites reflect influences from biosolid application and treated wastewater discharge. While δ15NCBOM values did not differentiate between sites dominated by urban and forested land-cover, δ15NCBOM values were highest at the site with the highest agricultural land-use. These results demonstrate the potential of δ15NCBOM values in bivalve shells to record long-term changes in watershed land use.
Ecosystem-based management for military training, biodiversity, carbon storage and climate resiliency on a complex coastal land/water-scape
Creators: name: Ensign, S.
name: Piehler, M.F.
name: Walters, J.R.
name: Hall, N.S.
name: Rodriguez, A.B.
name: Anderson, I.C.
name: Currin, C.A.
name: McNinch, J.R.
name: Matthews, K.
name: Paerl, H.W.
name: Kirwan, M.L.
name: Cunningham, P.A.
name: Halpin, P.N.
name: Christensen, N.L.
name: Tobias, C.R.
name: Brush, M.J.
name: Cohen, S.
Publisher: name: Academic Press
Year: 2021

description: The Defense Coastal/Estuarine Research Program (DCERP) was a 10-year multi-investigator project funded by the Department of Defense to improve understanding of ecosystem processes and their interactions with natural and anthropogenic stressors at the Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune (MCBCL) located in coastal North Carolina. The project was aimed at facilitating ecosystem-based management (EBM) at the MCBCL and other coastal military installations. Because of its scope, interdisciplinary character, and duration, DCERP embodied many of the opportunities and challenges associated with EBM, including the need for explicit goals, system models, long-term perspectives, systems complexity, change inevitability, consideration of humans as ecosystem components, and program adaptability and accountability. We describe key elements of this program, its contributions to coastal EBM, and its relevance as an exemplar of EBM.
Additional file 3 of Proteogenomic characterization of difficult-to-treat breast cancer with tumor cells enriched through laser microdissection
Creators: name: Raj-Kumar, Praveen-Kumar
name: Lin, Xiaoying
name: Liu, Tao
name: Sturtz, Lori A.
name: Gritsenko, Marina A.
name: Petyuk, Vladislav A.
name: Sagendorf, Tyler J.
name: Deyarmin, Brenda
name: Liu, Jianfang
name: Praveen-Kumar, Anupama
name: Wang, Guisong
name: McDermott, Jason E.
name: Shukla, Anil K.
name: Moore, Ronald J.
name: Monroe, Matthew E.
name: Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo M.
name: Hooke, Jeffrey A.
name: Fantacone-Campbell, Leigh
name: Mostoller, Brad
name: Kvecher, Leonid
name: Kane, Jennifer
name: Melley, Jennifer
name: Somiari, Stella
name: Soon-Shiong, Patrick
name: Smith, Richard D.
name: Mural, Richard J.
name: Rodland, Karin D.
name: Shriver, Craig D.
name: Kovatich, Albert J.
name: Hu, Hai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. Figure S3. Quality metrics of K-means clustering and correlation analysis of the proteomics data. (A) Visualization of consensus matrices from K-means consensus clustering for K = 2, 3 and 4. (B) Silhouette plots are shown for K = 2, 3 and 4 clusters to evaluate the coherence of the clustering. K = 3 was selected as the optimal cluster because of its better separation and silhouette width. (C) The mRNA:protein correlations for 310 proteins overlapping between the LMD and CPTAC-2016 (D) datasets.
A Flicker of Inspiration Within Boundaries: Insights About Creative Collaboration Between Playwrights and Generative AIs
Creators: name: cremaschi, michele
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460202
subject: Autonomous agents and multiagent systems

description: Recent progress in artificial intelligence(AI) has led to an expansion of Human-ComputerInteraction(HCI) possibilities, including the use of AI as a collaborator in creative endeavors, such as art. However, the implications of this cooperation remain unclear. To gain insights into the experience of artists, we conducted a s tudy that inves tigates the dynamics of creative collaboration between professional pla ywrights and generative AIs. An intensive three-day workshop was conducted, where seven professional Italian playwrights integrated three creative tools based on GPT-3 (Playground, ChatGPT & Sudowrite) into their creative process to develop a play. The experience was documented through a pre-workshop focus group.TheIntegratedBehavioralModelwasemployedasaconceptualframeworktoexaminehowattitudes,personalagency,and perceivednorms influence the intention of playwrights to engage in cooperative behavior with AI. This study examined the barriers and drivers of AI adoption in creative writing collaborations and found that exploring AI as a tool for ontological inquiry, understanding the perception of threat related to expertise, and ethical and political boundaries are crucial factors for the integration of AI into artistic practices.
Revisiting Fractional Cosmology
Creators: name: Micolta-Riascos, Bayron
name: Millano, Alfredo D.
name: Leon, Genly
name: Erices, Cristián
name: Paliathanasis, Andronikos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the research community has been exploring fractional calculus to address problems related to cosmology; in this approach, the gravitational action integral is altered, leading to a modified Friedmann equation, then the resulting theory is compared against observational data. In this context, dynamical systems can be used along with an analysis the phase spaces for different values of the fractional order of the derivative and their different matter contents. The equilibrium points are classified, providing a range for the order of the fractional derivative in order to investigate whether the cosmological history can be reconstructed and a late-time accelerating power-law solution obtained for the scale factor. In this paper, we discuss the physical interpretation of the corresponding cosmological solutions with particular emphasis on the influence of the fractional order of the derivative in a theory of gravity that includes a scalar field minimally coupled to gravity. The presented results improve and extend those obtained previously, further demonstrating that fractional calculus can play a relevant role in cosmology.
description: 58 pages, 8 figures. This article belongs to the Special Issue Fractional Gravity/Cosmology in Classical and Quantum Regimes https://www.mdpi.com/journal/fractalfract/special_issues/fractional_cosmology
Unusual behavior of sound velocity of a Bose gas in an optical superlattice at quasi-one-dimension
Creators: name: Chen, Lei
name: Chen, Zhu
name: Li, Wu
name: Zhang, Zhidong
name: Liang, Zhaoxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Bose gas trapped in a one-dimensional optical superlattice has emerged as a novel superfluid characterized by tunable lattice topologies and tailored band structures. In this work, we focus on the propagation of sound in such a novel system and have found new features on sound velocity, which arises from the interplay between the two lattices with different periodicity and is not present in the case of a condensate in a monochromatic optical lattice. Particularly, this is the first time that the sound velocity is found to first increase and then decrease as the superlattice strength increases even at one dimension. Such unusual behavior can be analytically understood in terms of the competition between the decreasing compressibility and the increasing effective mass due to the increasing superlattice strength. This result suggests a new route to engineer the sound velocity by manipulating the superlattice's parameters. All the calculations based on the mean-field theory are justified by checking the exponent $γ$ of the off-diagonal one-body density matrix that is much smaller than 1. Finally, the conditions for possible experimental realization of our scenario are also discussed.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
The light-front gauge-invariant energy-momentum tensor
Creators: name: Lorcé, Cédric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide for the first time a complete parametrization for the matrix elements of the generic asymmetric, non-local and gauge-invariant canonical energy-momentum tensor, generalizing therefore former works on the symmetric, local and gauge-invariant kinetic energy-momentum tensor also known as the Belinfante-Rosenfeld energy-momentum tensor. We discuss in detail the various constraints imposed by non-locality, linear and angular momentum conservation. We also derive the relations with two-parton generalized and transverse-momentum dependent distributions, clarifying what can be learned from the latter. In particular, we show explicitly that two-parton transverse-momentum dependent distributions cannot provide any model-independent information about the parton orbital angular momentum. On the way, we recover the Burkardt sum rule and obtain similar new sum rules for higher-twist distributions.
description: 15 pages, 3 tables
Emergence of an island of extreme nuclear isomerism at high excitation near 208Pb
Creators: name: Wahid, S.G.
name: Chowdhury, P.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Srivastava, P.C.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Suman, S.
name: Tandel, S.K.
name: Kondev, F.G.
name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Kumar, A.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2022

description: Metastable states with T1/2 = 8(2) ms in 205Bi and T1/2 = 0.22(2) ms in 204Pb, with ≈ 8 MeV excitation energy and angular momentum ≥ 22 ħ, have been established. These represent, by up to two orders of magnitude, the longest-lived nuclear states above an excitation energy of 7 MeV, ever identified in the nuclear chart. Additionally, the half-life of the 10.17 MeV state in 206Bi has been determined to be 0.027(2) ms, the next highest value in this highly excited regime. These observations indicate the emergence of an island of extreme nuclear isomerism arising from core-excited configurations at high excitation in the vicinity of the doubly closed-shell nucleus 208Pb. These results are expected to provide discriminating tests of the effective interactions used in current large-scale shell-model calculations.
Additional file 5 of Proteogenomic characterization of difficult-to-treat breast cancer with tumor cells enriched through laser microdissection
Creators: name: Raj-Kumar, Praveen-Kumar
name: Lin, Xiaoying
name: Liu, Tao
name: Sturtz, Lori A.
name: Gritsenko, Marina A.
name: Petyuk, Vladislav A.
name: Sagendorf, Tyler J.
name: Deyarmin, Brenda
name: Liu, Jianfang
name: Praveen-Kumar, Anupama
name: Wang, Guisong
name: McDermott, Jason E.
name: Shukla, Anil K.
name: Moore, Ronald J.
name: Monroe, Matthew E.
name: Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo M.
name: Hooke, Jeffrey A.
name: Fantacone-Campbell, Leigh
name: Mostoller, Brad
name: Kvecher, Leonid
name: Kane, Jennifer
name: Melley, Jennifer
name: Somiari, Stella
name: Soon-Shiong, Patrick
name: Smith, Richard D.
name: Mural, Richard J.
name: Rodland, Karin D.
name: Shriver, Craig D.
name: Kovatich, Albert J.
name: Hu, Hai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5. Figure S5. Quality metrics of K-means clustering of phosphoproteomics. (A) Visualization of consensus matrices from K-means consensus clustering for K = 2, 3, 4 and 5. (B) Silhouette plots are shown for K = 2, 3, 4 and 5 clusters to evaluate the coherence of the clustering. K = 4 was selected as the optimal cluster for its better separation and non-negative silhouette width.
Bridging High-Density, Electron Beam Coronal Transport and Deep Chromospheric Heating in Stellar Flares
Creators: name: Kowalski, Adam F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical and near-ultraviolet (NUV) continuum radiation in M dwarf flares is thought to be the impulsive response of the lower stellar atmosphere to magnetic energy release and electron acceleration at coronal altitudes. This radiation is sometimes interpreted as evidence of a thermal photospheric spectrum with $T \approx 10^4$ K. However, calculations show that standard solar flare coronal electron beams lose their energy in a thick target of gas in the upper and middle chromosphere (log$_{10}$ column mass /[g cm$^{-2}$] $\lesssim -3$). At larger beam injection fluxes, electric fields and instabilities are expected to further inhibit propagation to low altitudes. We show that recent numerical solutions of the time-dependent equations governing the power-law electrons and background coronal plasma (Langmuir and ion-acoustic) waves from Kontar et al. produce order-of-magnitude larger heating rates than occur in the deep chromosphere through standard solar flare electron beam power-law distributions. We demonstrate that the redistribution of beam energy above $E \gtrsim 100$ keV in this theory results in a local heating maximum that is similar to a radiative-hydrodynamic model with a large, low-energy cutoff and a hard power-law index. We use this semi-empirical forward modeling approach to produce opaque NUV and optical continua at gas temperatures $T \gtrsim 12,000$ K over the deep chromosphere with log$_{10}$ column mass /[g cm$^{-2}$] of $-1.2$ to $-2.3$. These models explain the color temperatures and Balmer jump strengths in high-cadence M dwarf flare observations, and they clarify the relation among atmospheric, radiation, and optical color temperatures in stellar flares.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters; updated to match published version
A Retarded Mean-Field Approach for Interacting Fiber Structures
Creators: name: Borsche, Raul
name: Klar, Axel
name: Nessler, Christian
name: Roth, Andreas
name: Tse, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider an interacting system of one-dimensional structures modelling fibers with fiber-fiber interaction in a fiber lay-down process. The resulting microscopic system is investigated by looking at different asymptotic limits of the corresponding stochastic model. Equations arising from mean-field and diffusion limits are considered. Furthermore, numerical methods for the stochastic system and its mean-field counterpart are discussed. A numerical comparison of solutions corresponding to the different scales (microscopic, mesoscopic and macroscopic) is included.
description: 23 pages, 16 figures
In-beam γ -ray spectroscopy of Fe 68 from charge exchange on Co 68 projectiles
Creators: name: Nowacki, F.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Longfellow, B.
name: Farris, P.
name: Zegers, R.G.T.
name: Hill, A.M.
name: Rhodes, D.
name: Bazin, D.
name: Gade, A.
name: Weisshaar, D.
name: Little, D.
name: Brown, B.A.
name: Li, J.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2021

description: Excited states in the neutron-rich nucleus Fe68 were populated using a Be9(Co68, 68Fe+γ)X charge-exchange reaction at 95 MeV/u. The new γ-ray transitions reported here for the first time complement data from β-decay studies and nucleon knockout reactions. In comparison to shell-model calculations with the LNPS effective interaction, two candidate states for the 61+ level emerge. The distinct population pattern of excited states and the magnitude of the cross section, σinc=0.51(6) mb, make this reaction a promising one for future in-beam γ-ray spectroscopy. Reaction calculations with nuclear structure input from a new, locally optimized Hamiltonian, f7j4a, together with general considerations for heavy-ion-induced charge-exchange reactions appear consistent with most of the observations, although challenges remain.
2022 Update on $\varepsilon_K$ with lattice QCD inputs
Creators: name: Kim, Sunghee
name: Lee, Sunkyu
name: Lee, Weonjong
name: Leem, Jaehoon
name: Park, Sungwoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present recent updates for $\varepsilon_K$ determined directly from the standard model (SM) with lattice QCD inputs such as $\hat{B}_K$, $|V_{cb}|$, $|V_{us}|$, $ξ_0$, $ξ_2$, $ξ_\text{LD}$, $f_K$, and $m_c$. We find that the standard model with exclusive $|V_{cb}|$ and other lattice QCD inputs describes only 65% of the experimental value of $|\varepsilon_K|$ and does not explain its remaining 35%, which leads to a strong tension in $|\varepsilon_K|$ at the $5.1σ\sim 3.9σ$ level between the SM theory and experiment. We also find that this tension disappears when we use the inclusive value of $|V_{cb}|$ obtained using the heavy quark expansion based on the QCD sum rule approach, although this inclusive tension is small ($\approx 1.4σ$) but keeps increasing as time goes on.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, 8 tables, Lattice 2022 proceeding. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2202.11473, arXiv:1912.03024, acknowledgement updated
Molecular mechanisms of touch sensory transduction in C. elegans
Creators: name: Lee, Wei-Hsiang
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2009

description: Mechanical signaling plays an important role in cell shape and volume regulation, touch sensation, hearing, proprioception, gravitaxis, and turgor regulation. C. elegans provides a powerful model for elaborating mechanisms of eukaryotic mechanotransduction. Genetic screening identified candidate touch-transducing channels (DEG/ENaCs and TRP channels). In C. elegans, six touch neurons (ALML/R, AVM, PLML/R, PVM) are located in specific places in the body, optimized to detect forces delivered to those parts of the body. MEC-4 is expressed in six touch sensory neurons. MEC-10, on the other hand, is expressed in these six neurons, as well as in two extra pairs of neurons, PVDL/R and FLPL/R. Laser ablation studies showed that the six touch neurons respond to gentle and harsh body touch and suggested that FLP and PVD neurons are responsible for the harsh touch response.MEC-10 encodes a component of the core gentle touch sensory channel that is expressed in both gentle touch and harsh touch neurons. I studied the first mec-10 null mutant and showed that MEC-10 is required for both gentle and harsh touch sensation in C. elegans since the mec-10 null mutant is gentle touch insensitive and reduces harsh touch responses. We also used the intracellular calcium reporter cameleon to show that responses of gentle touch neurons and PVD/FLP to touch stimuli decreased in mec-10 null mutant. However, mec-10 null mutation has no significant impact on proprioception and mec-10(d)-induced neurodegeneration. I also made mec-4 and mec-10 hybrid proteins by switching their extracellular and transmembrane domains and checked their function by rescuing assay. Failure to complement the touch sensation function suggested that specific sequences are required for the normal functions of mec-4 and mec-10; smaller perturbation may be needed to recover protein function in chimeras.Based on the solved MEC-4 N-terminal NMR structure prediction, I introduced point mutations into this domain and studied biological consequences in genetic rescue assays and by monitoring dominant negative effects normally seen when the N-terminal is expressed alone. I found that generally, the amino acid substitutions predicted to perturb structure disrupt channel function as predicted. The disrupted mutant strains can also exhibit a significantly decreased density of immuno-stained channel puncta distributed along touch neuron processes. However, the rescue of channel function and the dominant negative effects are not well correlated. Overall, my data advance understanding of MEC-10 and MEC-4 function on mechanosensation.
Flooding through the lens of mobile phone activity
Creators: name: Pastor-Escuredo, David
name: Morales-Guzmán, Alfredo
name: Torres-Fernández, Yolanda
name: Bauer, Jean-Martin
name: Wadhwa, Amit
name: Castro-Correa, Carlos
name: Romanoff, Liudmyla
name: Lee, Jong Gun
name: Rutherford, Alex
name: Frias-Martinez, Vanessa
name: Oliver, Nuria
name: Frias-Martinez, Enrique
name: Luengo-Oroz, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Natural disasters affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide every year. Emergency response efforts depend upon the availability of timely information, such as information concerning the movements of affected populations. The analysis of aggregated and anonymized Call Detail Records (CDR) captured from the mobile phone infrastructure provides new possibilities to characterize human behavior during critical events. In this work, we investigate the viability of using CDR data combined with other sources of information to characterize the floods that occurred in Tabasco, Mexico in 2009. An impact map has been reconstructed using Landsat-7 images to identify the floods. Within this frame, the underlying communication activity signals in the CDR data have been analyzed and compared against rainfall levels extracted from data of the NASA-TRMM project. The variations in the number of active phones connected to each cell tower reveal abnormal activity patterns in the most affected locations during and after the floods that could be used as signatures of the floods - both in terms of infrastructure impact assessment and population information awareness. The representativeness of the analysis has been assessed using census data and civil protection records. While a more extensive validation is required, these early results suggest high potential in using cell tower activity information to improve early warning and emergency management mechanisms.
description: Submitted to IEEE Global Humanitarian Technologies Conference (GHTC) 2014
Dynamics of magnon fluid in Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya magnet and its manifestation in magnon-Skyrmion scattering
Creators: name: Oh, Yun-Tak
name: Lee, Hyunyong
name: Park, Jin-Hong
name: Han, Jung Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct Holstein-Primakoff Hamiltonian for magnons in arbitrary slowly varying spin background, for a microscopic spin Hamiltonian consisting of ferromagnetic spin exchange,Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya exchange, and the Zeeman term. The Gross-Pitaevskii-type equation for magnon dynamics contains several background gauge fields pertaining to local spin chirality, inhomogeneous potential, and anomalous scattering that violates the boson number conservation. Non-trivial corrections to previous formulas derived in the literature are given. Subsequent mapping to hydrodynamic fields yields the continuity equation and the Euler equation of the magnon fluid dynamics. Magnon wave scattering off a localized Skyrmion is examined numerically based on our Gross-Pitaevskii formulation. Dependence of the effective flux experienced by the impinging magnon on the Skyrmion radius is pointed out, and compared with analysis of the same problem using the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
A Multilevel Scheduling Framework for Distributed Time-domain Large-area Sky Survey Telescope Array
Creators: name: Zhang, Yajie
name: Yu, Ce
name: Sun, Chao
name: Shang, Zhaohui
name: Hu, Yi
name: Zhi, Huiyu
name: Yang, Jinmao
name: Tang, Shanjiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Telescope arrays are receiving increasing attention due to their promise of higher resource utilization, greater sky survey area, and higher frequency of full space-time monitoring than single telescopes. Compared with the ordinary coordinated operation of several telescopes, the new astronomical observation mode has an order of magnitude difference in the number of telescopes. It requires efficient coordinated observation by large-domain telescopes distributed at different sites. Coherent modeling of various abstract environmental constraints is essential for responding to multiple complex science goals. Also, due to competing science priorities and field visibility, how the telescope arrays are scheduled for observations can significantly affect observation efficiency. This paper proposes a multilevel scheduling model oriented toward the problem of telescope-array scheduling for time-domain surveys. A flexible framework is developed with basic functionality encapsulated in software components implemented on hierarchical architectures. An optimization metric is proposed to self-consistently weight contributions from time-varying observation conditions to maintain uniform coverage and efficient time utilization from a global perspective. The performance of the scheduler is evaluated through simulated instances. The experimental results show that our scheduling framework performs correctly and provides acceptable solutions considering the percentage of time allocation efficiency and sky coverage uniformity in a feasible amount of time. Using a generic version of the telescope-array scheduling framework, we also demonstrate its scalability and its potential to be applied to other astronomical applications.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Enhanced thermoelectric figure-of-merit in boron-doped SiGe thin films by nanograin boundaries
Creators: name: Lu, Jianbiao
name: Guo, Ruiqiang
name: Dai, Weijing
name: Huang, Baoling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Boron-doped polycrystalline silicon-germanium (SiGe) thin films are grown by low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) and their thermoelectric properties are characterized from 120 K to 300 K for the potential applications in integrated microscale cooling. The naturally formed grain boundaries are found to play a crucial role in determining both the charge and thermal transport properties of the films. Particularly, the unique columnar grain structures result in remarkable thermal conductivity anisotropy with the in-plane thermal conductivities of SiGe films about 50% lower than the cross-plane values. By optimizing the growth conditions and doping level, a high figure of merit (ZT) of 0.2 for SiGe films is achieved at 300 K, which is about 100% higher than the previous record for p-type SiGe alloys, mainly due to the significant reduction in the in-plane thermal conductivity caused by nanograin boundaries. The low cost and excellent scalability of LPCVD render these high-performance SiGe films ideal candidates for thin-film thermoelectric applications.
Additional file 6 of Proteogenomic characterization of difficult-to-treat breast cancer with tumor cells enriched through laser microdissection
Creators: name: Raj-Kumar, Praveen-Kumar
name: Lin, Xiaoying
name: Liu, Tao
name: Sturtz, Lori A.
name: Gritsenko, Marina A.
name: Petyuk, Vladislav A.
name: Sagendorf, Tyler J.
name: Deyarmin, Brenda
name: Liu, Jianfang
name: Praveen-Kumar, Anupama
name: Wang, Guisong
name: McDermott, Jason E.
name: Shukla, Anil K.
name: Moore, Ronald J.
name: Monroe, Matthew E.
name: Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo M.
name: Hooke, Jeffrey A.
name: Fantacone-Campbell, Leigh
name: Mostoller, Brad
name: Kvecher, Leonid
name: Kane, Jennifer
name: Melley, Jennifer
name: Somiari, Stella
name: Soon-Shiong, Patrick
name: Smith, Richard D.
name: Mural, Richard J.
name: Rodland, Karin D.
name: Shriver, Craig D.
name: Kovatich, Albert J.
name: Hu, Hai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6. Figure S6. Kaplan–Meier curves of time to disease progression in years for the significantly (FC > 1.2 and FDR ≤ 0.2) differentially expressed phosphopeptides between 10 basal cases of the Basal_2 cluster (high relapse-risk) and 6 basal cases of the Basal_1 cluster(low relapse-risk). The high (> median) and low (< median) expression of all 40 up-regulated (A) and 36 down-regulated (B) phosphopeptides in the Basal_2 versus Basal_1 clusters with the end point of PFI. Gene name, P-value, phosphosite and the number of events/number of cases are given in each plot.
How "hot precursors" modify island nucleation: A rate-equations model
Creators: name: Morales-Cifuentes, Josue R.
name: Einstein, T. L.
name: Pimpinelli, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel island nucleation and growth model explicitly including transient (ballistic) mobility of the monomers deposited at rate $F$, assumed to be in a hot precursor state before thermalizing. In limiting regimes, corresponding to fast (diffusive) and slow (ballistic) thermalization, the island density $N$ obeys scaling $N \propto F^α$. In between is found a rich, complex behavior, with various distinctive scaling regimes, characterized by effective exponents $α_{\rm eff}$ and activation energies that we compute exactly. Application to $N(F,T)$ of recent organic-molecule deposition experiments yields an excellent fit.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 table (more readable than PRL-mandated version); accepted for publication by Phys. Rev. Lett
Isomers in Tl 203 and core excitations built on a five-nucleon-hole structure
Creators: name: Bothe, V.
name: Wahid, S.G.
name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Kondev, F.G.
name: Chowdhury, P.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Srivastava, P.C.
name: Tandel, S.K.
name: Bhoy, B.
name: Lauritsen, T.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2022

description: Isomers with three- and five-nucleon-hole configurations have been established in Tl203. These include newly identified levels with a three-nucleon-hole structure: Iπ = (15/2-) with T1/2 = 7.9(5) ns and Iπ = (35/2-) with T1/2 = 4.0(5) ns. In addition, five-nucleon-hole states have also been established: Iπ = (39/2-) with T1/2 = 1.9(2) ns and Iπ = (49/2+) with T1/2 = 3.4(4) ns. The previously determined long-lived decay, T1/2 = 6.6(3) μs from this work, is associated with isomerism of the Iπ = (29/2+) state. Levels above this long-lived isomer have been identified through a delayed-prompt γ-γ coincidence measurement. Five-nucleon-hole states with excitation energies Ex≈ 7 MeV have been established as well as possible octupole excitations of the Pb208 core built on these levels. The level scheme of Tl203 is extended up to Ex≈ 11 MeV with the inclusion of 25 new transitions. Empirical and shell-model calculations have been performed to aid in the description of the observed states which are found to be of intrinsic character.
Additional file 10 of Proteogenomic characterization of difficult-to-treat breast cancer with tumor cells enriched through laser microdissection
Creators: name: Raj-Kumar, Praveen-Kumar
name: Lin, Xiaoying
name: Liu, Tao
name: Sturtz, Lori A.
name: Gritsenko, Marina A.
name: Petyuk, Vladislav A.
name: Sagendorf, Tyler J.
name: Deyarmin, Brenda
name: Liu, Jianfang
name: Praveen-Kumar, Anupama
name: Wang, Guisong
name: McDermott, Jason E.
name: Shukla, Anil K.
name: Moore, Ronald J.
name: Monroe, Matthew E.
name: Webb-Robertson, Bobbie-Jo M.
name: Hooke, Jeffrey A.
name: Fantacone-Campbell, Leigh
name: Mostoller, Brad
name: Kvecher, Leonid
name: Kane, Jennifer
name: Melley, Jennifer
name: Somiari, Stella
name: Soon-Shiong, Patrick
name: Smith, Richard D.
name: Mural, Richard J.
name: Rodland, Karin D.
name: Shriver, Craig D.
name: Kovatich, Albert J.
name: Hu, Hai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10. Table S3. Contingency table comparing mRNA-derived PCA-PAM50 subtypes to proteome clusters. The majority of the PCA-PAM50 subtype in each proteome cluster is highlighted in green. The Her2 subtype separated in the Basal-enriched and LumA-enriched clusters is highlighted in red.
Single-particle and collective excitations in Zn 66
Creators: name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Rogers, A.M.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Sensharma, N.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Kondev, F.G.
name: Alcorta, M.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Chowdhury, P.
name: Ayangeakaa, A.D.
name: McCutchan, E.A.
name: Hoffman, C.R.
name: Gade, A.
name: Chen, Q.B.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Fulghieri, M.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2022

description: Single-particle and collective excitations in Zn66 have been investigated via the multinucleon transfer reaction, Mg26(Ca48, α4nγ) using the Gammasphere multidetector array and the Fragment Mass Analyzer. In addition to confirming and complementing the previously known low-spin structure, a new quasirotational band comprising several stretched E2 transitions has been established to high spins. However, due to fragmentary nature of its decay, it was not possible to link this sequence to the low-lying states and, thus, determine the absolute excitation energies, spins, and parities unambiguously. Large-scale shell-model calculations employing the JUN45 and jj44b effective interactions are able to successfully describe the low-spin structure and herewith confirm that it is dominated by single-particle excitations. The newly established rotational cascade is compared with known superdeformed bands in the A≈60-70 mass region, and with results of calculations performed within the frameworks of the cranked shell model and the adiabatic and configuration-fixed constrained covariant density functional theory and the quantum particle-rotor model.
title: Mapping redistribution in terms of family: A European comparison
Creators: name: Frericks, Patricia
name: Gurín, Martin
name: Höppner, Julia
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: EUROMOD
subject: Europe
subject: family
subject: redistributive logics
subject: welfare state
subject: état providence
subject: famille
subject: logique de la redistribution
subject: estado del bienestar
subject: Europa
subject: familia
subject: lógicas redistributivas
subject: 300
subject: Europa
subject: Familie
subject: Umverteilung
subject: Sozialstaat
subject: Mikrosimulation

description: Gefördert im Rahmen eines Open-Access-Transformationsvertrags mit dem Verlag
Developing New Analysis Tools for Near Surface Radio-based Neutrino Detectors
Creators: name: Anker, A.
name: Baldi, P.
name: Barwick, S. W.
name: Beise, J.
name: Besson, D. Z.
name: Chen, P.
name: Gaswint, G.
name: Glaser, C.
name: Hallgren, A.
name: Hanson, J. C.
name: Klein, S. R.
name: Kleinfelder, S. A.
name: Lahmann, R.
name: Liu, J.
name: Nam, J.
name: Nelles, A.
name: Paul, M. P.
name: Persichilli, C.
name: Plaisier, I.
name: Rice-Smith, R.
name: Tatar, J.
name: Terveer, K.
name: Wang, S. -H
name: Zhao, L.
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: neutrino, detector
neutrino, UHE
efficiency
background
ARIANNA
surface
5/3
cosmic radiation
flux
dipole
cascade
trigger
ice

description: The ARIANNA experiment is an Askaryan radio detector designed to measure high-energy neutrino induced cascades within the Antarctic ice. Ultra-high-energy neutrinos above $10^{16}$ eV have an extremely low flux, so experimental data captured at trigger level need to be classified correctly to retain more neutrino signal. We first describe two new physics-based neutrino selection methods, or 'cuts', (the updown and dipole cut) that extend a previously published analysis to a specialized ARIANNA station with 8 antenna channels, which is double the number used in the prior analysis. The new cuts produce a neutrino efficiency of > 95% per station-year, while rejecting 99.93% of the background (corresponding to 53 remaining events). When the new cuts are combined with a previously developed cut using neutrino waveform templates, all background is removed at no change of efficiency. In addition, the neutrino efficiency is extrapolated to 1,000 station-years of operation, obtaining 91%. This work then introduces a new selection method (the deep learning cut) to augment the identification of neutrino events by using deep learning methods and compares the efficiency to the physics-based analysis. The deep learning cut gives 99% signal efficiency per station-year of operation while rejecting 99.997% of the background (corresponding to 2 remaining experimental background events), which are subsequently removed by the waveform template cut at no significant change in efficiency. The results of the deep learning cut were verified using measured cosmic rays which shows that the simulations do not introduce artifacts with respect to experimental data. The paper demonstrates that the background rejection and signal efficiency of near surface antennas meets the requirements of a large scale future array, as considered in baseline design of the radio component of IceCube-Gen2.
The polarization sensitivity of GRETINA
Creators: name: Lee, I.-Y.
name: Macchiavelli, A.O.
name: Morse, C.
name: Lister, C.J.
name: Clark, R.M.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Campbell, C.M.
name: Ayangeakaa, A.D.
name: Crawford, H.L.
name: Fallon, P.
name: Tabor, S.L.
name: Chowdhury, P.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Bender, P.C.
name: Prasher, V.S.
name: Albers, M.
name: David, H.M.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Miller, D.
name: Cromaz, M.
name: Wiens, A.
name: Weisshaar, D.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2022

description: Compton polarimeters have played an important role in the study of nuclear structure physics, but have often been limited in their applications because of relatively low γ-ray detection efficiency. With the advent of γ-ray tracking detector arrays, which feature nearly 4π solid angle coverage and the ability to identify the location of Compton-scattering events to within a few millimeters, this limitation can be overcome. Here we present a characterization of the performance of the Gamma Ray Energy Tracking In-beam Nuclear Array (GRETINA) as a Compton polarimeter using the 24Mg(p,p′) reaction at 2.45 MeV proton energy. We also discuss a new capability added to the simulation package UCGretina to simulate the emission of polarized photons, and compare it to the measured data. Finally, we use these simulations to predict the performance of the Gamma Ray Energy Tracking Array (GRETA).
A Simple Derivation of the Gertsenshtein Effect
Creators: name: Palessandro, Andrea
name: Rothman, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As shown by Gertsenshtein in 1961, an external magnetic field can catalyze the mixing of graviton and photon states in a manner analogous to neutrino-flavor oscillations. We first present a straightforward derivation of the mechanism by a method based on unpublished notes of Freeman Dyson. We next extend his method to include boundary conditions and retrieve the results of Boccaletti et al. from 1970. We point out that, although the coupling between the graviton and photon states is extremely weak, the large magnetic fields around neutron stars $\sim 10^{14}$ G make the Gertsenshtein effect a plausible source of gravitons. We also point out that axion-photon mixing, a subject of active current research, is essentially the same process as the Gertsenshtein effect, and so the general mechanism may be of broad astrophysical and cosmological interest.
description: 17 pages, no figures. V3: References added. Conclusions, Acknowledgement and Appendix added. Sections 2 and 4 expanded
title: Efficiency Approximation of Centrifugal Compressors in the Cordier Diagram
Creators: name: Lattner, Yannick
name: Geller, Marius
name: Kluck, Norbert
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 624 Ingenieurbau und Umwelttechnik

description: We present a simulation data-based efficiency approximation for radial turbocompressors, which is implemented in the well-known Cordier diagram. A sophisticated CAE workflow is used to calculate the operational characteristics of 50 machine designs with 50 impeller geometry variations each. A Kriging-based surrogate model is trained to approximate the efficiency of any machine designs' best geometry design. The models are implemented into a machine design workflow. As a result, duty-specific Cordier lines are introduced. They are automatically generated for a set of machine design parameters. The efficiency of the designs along the duty-specific Cordier lines is approximated. Using optimization techniques, an optimal compressor design for the given duty on every specific Cordier line may be identified. This highly increases the amount of information available in the early design stages for radial turbocompressors.
Early-time spectroscopic modelling of the transitional Type Ia Supernova 2021rhu with TARDIS
Creators: name: Harvey, L.
name: Maguire, K.
name: Magee, M. R.
name: Bulla, M.
name: Dhawan, S.
name: Schulze, S.
name: Sollerman, J.
name: Deckers, M.
name: Dimitriadis, G.
name: Reusch, S.
name: Smith, M.
name: Terwel, J.
name: Coughlin, M. W.
name: Masci, F.
name: Purdum, J.
name: Reedy, A.
name: Robert, E.
name: Wold, A.
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 520

description: An open question in SN Ia research is where the boundary lies between 'normal' Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) that are used in cosmological measurements and those that sit off the Phillips relation. We present the spectroscopic modelling of one such '86G-like' transitional SN Ia, SN 2021rhu, that has recently been employed as a local Hubble Constant calibrator using a tip of the red-giant branch measurement. We detail its modelling from -12 d until maximum brightness using the radiative-transfer spectral-synthesis code tardis. We base our modelling on literature delayed-detonation and deflagration models of Chandrasekhar mass white dwarfs, as well as the double-detonation models of sub-Chandrasekhar mass white dwarfs. We present a new method for 'projecting' abundance profiles to different density profiles for ease of computation. Due to the small velocity extent and low outer densities of the W7 profile, we find it inadequate to reproduce the evolution of SN 2021rhu as it fails to match the high-velocity calcium components. The host extinction of SN 2021rhu is uncertain but we use modelling with and without an extinction correction to set lower and upper limits on the abundances of individual species. Comparing these limits to literature models we conclude that the spectral evolution of SN 2021rhu is also incompatible with double-detonation scenarios, lying more in line with those resulting from the delayed detonation mechanism (although there are some discrepancies, in particular a larger titanium abundance in SN 2021rhu compared to the literature). This suggests that SN 2021rhu is likely a lower luminosity, and hence lower temperature, version of a normal SN Ia.
Cosmological perturbations in the (1+3+6)-dimensional space-times
Creators: name: Tomita, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological perturbations in the (1+3+6)-dimensional space-times including photon gas without viscous processes are studied on the basis of Abbott et al.'s formalism. Space-times consist of the outer space (the 3-dimensional expanding section) and the inner space (the 6-dimensional section). The inner space expands initially and contracts later. Abbott et al. derived only power-type solutions in the small wave-number limit which appear at the final stage of the space-times. In this paper, we derive not only small wave-number solutions, but also large wave-number solutions. It is found that the latter solutions depend on the two wave-numbers k_r and k_R (which are defined in the outer and inner spaces, respectively), and that the k_r-dependent and k_R-dependent parts dominate the total perturbations when (k_r/r(t))/(k_R/R(t)) >> 1 or << 1, respectively, where r(t) and R(t) are the scale-factors in the outer and inner spaces. By comparing the behaviors of these perturbations, moreover, changes in the spectrum of perturbations in the outer space with time are discussed.
description: 34 pages, 2 figures