cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Unforeseen advantage of looser focusing in vacuum laser acceleration
Creators: name: De Andres, Aitor
name: Bhadoria, Shikha
name: Marmolejo, Javier Tello
name: Muschet, Alexander
name: Fischer, Peter
name: Barzegar, Hamid Reza
name: Blackburn, Tom
name: Gonoskov, Arkady
name: Hanstorp, Dag
name: Marklund, Mattias
name: Veisz, Laszlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Acceleration of electrons in vacuum directly by intense laser fields, often termed vacuum laser acceleration (VLA), holds great promise for the creation of compact sources of high-charge, ultrashort, relativistic electron bunches. However, while the energy gain is expected to be higher with tighter focusing (i.e. stronger electric field), this does not account for the reduced acceleration range, which is limited by diffraction. Here, we present the results of an experimental investigation of VLA, using tungsten nanotips driven by relativistic-intensity few-cycle laser pulses. We demonstrate the acceleration of relativistic electron beams with typical charge of 100s pC to 15 MeV energies. Two different focusing geometries (tight and loose, with f-numbers one and three respectively) produced comparable results, despite a factor of ten difference in the peak intensities, which is evidence for the importance of post-injection acceleration mechanisms around the focus. Our results are in good agreement with the results of full-scale, three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations.
Unstable mass-outflows in geometrically thick accretion flows around black holes
Creators: name: Okuda, Toru
name: Das, Santabrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accretion flows around black holes generally result in mass-outflows that exhibit irregular behavior quite often. Using 2D time-dependent hydrodynamical calculations, we show that the mass-outflow is unstable in the cases of thick accretion flows such as the low angular momentum accretion flow and the advection-dominated accretion flow. For the low angular momentum flow, the inward accreting matter on the equatorial plane interacts with the outflowing gas along the rotational axis and the centrifugally supported oblique shock is formed at the interface of both the flows, when the viscosity parameter $α$ is as small as $α\le 10^{-3}$. The hot and rarefied blobs, which result in the eruptive mass-outflow, are generated in the inner shocked region and grow up toward the outer boundary. The advection-dominated accretion flow attains finally in the form of a torus disc with the inner edge of the disc at $3R_{\rm g} \le r \le 6R_{\rm g}$ and the center at $6R_ {\rm g} \le r \le 10R_{\rm g}$, and a series of hot blobs is intermittently formed near the inner edge of the torus and grows up along the outer surface of the torus. As a result, the luminosity and the mass-outflow rate are modulated irregularly where the luminosity is enhanced by 10-40% and the mass-outflow rate is increaed by a factor of few up to ten. We interpret the unstable nature of the outflow to be due to the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, examining the Richardson number for the Kelvin-Helmholtz criterion in the inner region of the flow. We propose that the flare phenomena of Sgr A* may be induced by the unstable mass-outflow as is found in this work.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
Portrayals and Presence of Adult Female Characters in Children's Picture Books: A Content Analysis of Bestsellers from the Past Five Years
Creators: name: McAdams, Jessica
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015
Subjects: Picture books--Evaluation
Content analysis--Children's literature
Children's literature--Evaluation--Sexism

description: This paper presents a content analysis of thirty-one bestselling picture books from the years 2010 - 2014 in order to reveal how women are portrayed to children. The purpose of the study was to discover whether or not young readers are receiving stereotypical gender representations through picture books that can affect their view of gender roles in society. The analysis explores professional roles adult female characters held in these books as well as what they were performing, where they were physically located, and what they were wearing.
The results of the content analysis revealed that women are more frequently present in children's picture books than men. These female characters however, are not representative of the abundance of job opportunities available to women today; rather they are predominately depicted as mothers with their primary responsibility being caring for children and other household duties. These results suggest that there has been progress towards gender equality in picture books but there is still more work to be done to ensure that the breadth of male and female gender roles is showcased.
Perfect quantum protractors
Creators: name: Piotrak, Michał
name: Kopciuch, Marek
name: Fard, Arash Dezhang
name: Smolis, Magdalena
name: Pustelny, Szymon
name: Korzekwa, Kamil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we introduce and investigate the concept of a perfect quantum protractor, a pure quantum state $|ψ\rangle\in\mathcal{H}$ that generates three different orthogonal bases of $\mathcal{H}$ under rotations around each of the three perpendicular axes. Such states can be understood as pure states of maximal uncertainty with regards to the three components of the angular momentum operator, as we prove that they maximise various entropic and variance-based measures of such uncertainty. We argue that perfect quantum protractors can only exist for systems with a well-defined total angular momentum $j$, and we prove that they do not exist for $j\in\{1/2,2,5/2\}$, but they do exist for $j\in\{1,3/2,3\}$ (with numerical evidence for their existence when $j=7/2$). We also explain that perfect quantum protractors form an optimal resource for a metrological task of estimating the angle of rotation around (or the strength of magnetic field along) one of the three perpendicular axes, when the axis is not $\textit{a priori}$ known. Finally, we demonstrate this metrological utility by performing an experiment with warm atomic vapours of rubidium-87, where we prepare a perfect quantum protractor for a spin-1 system, let it precess around $x$, $y$ or $z$ axis, and then employ it to optimally estimate the rotation angle.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures. Published version
Additional file 1 of Recurrent, non-traumatic, non-exertional rhabdomyolysis after immunologic stimuli in a healthy adolescent female: a case report
Creators: name: Katz, Jason
name: Labilloy, Anatalia
name: Lee, Andrew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Appendix. Comprehensive laboratory work-up.
Inside the Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black holes
Creators: name: Matyjasek, Jerzy
name: Sadurski, Pawel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first-order semiclassical Einstein field equations are solved in the interior of the Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black holes. The source term is taken to be the stress-energy tensor of the quantized massive scalar field with arbitrary curvature coupling calculated within the framework of the Schwinger-DeWitt approximation. It is shown that for the minimal coupling the quantum effects tend to isotropize the interior of the black hole (which can be interpreted as an anisotropic collapsing universe) for D=4 and 5, whereas for D=6 and 7 the spacetime becomes more anisotropic. Similar behavior is observed for the conformal coupling with the reservation that for D=5 isotropization of the spacetime occurs during (approximately) the first 1/3 of the lifetime of the interior universe. On the other hand, we find that regardless of the dimension, the quantum perturbations initially strengthen the grow of curvature and its later behavior depends on the dimension and the coupling. It is shown that the Karlhede's scalar can still be used as a useful device for locating the horizon of the quantum-corrected black hole, as expected.
Faculty Status and the Publication Impact of ARL Librarians
Creators: name: Horowitz, Stephanie A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007
Subjects: Association of Research Libraries
College and university librarians--Status
Citation analysis
Scholarly publishing--Statistics

description: For over 40 years, academic librarians have been debating whether their role in the academy is similar to that of the teaching faculty or whether it should be closer to that of other professional staff. A number of different arguments have been espoused on each side of this issue, with the opinions being fairly equally divided. By performing a citation analysis on articles published by a specific group of academic librarians, this study concludes, though the evidence is somewhat inconclusive, that librarians with faculty status are likely to have a slightly greater professional impact than those without faculty status.
Untitled ItemIntegrative Solutions in Online Crowdsourcing Innovation Challenges
Creators: name: Zaggl, Michael
name: Sun, Yao
name: Majchrzak, Ann
name: Malhotra, Arvind
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 150301 Business Information Management (incl. Records, Knowledge and Information Management, and Intelligence)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150302 Business Information Systems
subject: 159999 Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services not elsewhere classified
subject: 150304 Entrepreneurship
subject: 150503 Marketing Management (incl. Strategy and Customer Relations)
subject: 150501 Consumer-Oriented Product or Service Development

description: Online crowdsourcing challenges are widely used for problem-solving and innovation. Existing theory has characterized such challenges as tools for tapping distant knowledge. By building on information processing theory we move beyond this characterization and present a perspective that describes innovation challenges as virtual places in which ideas are not simply submitted or commented upon but knowledge is integrated. This perspective shifts the role of crowdsourcing challenges from mere tools for gathering ideas to representing the locus of innovation. Our perspective suggests that three types of knowledge affect the quality of integrative solutions: elementary ideas, facts, and analogical examples. Based on a large dataset, we find that elementary ideas and analogical examples are related to increased solution quality, while facts are related to decreased solution quality. We expand the research on online crowdsourcing innovation challenges to include how crowd participants influence the quality of solutions through the content of their postings.
On Distributions of Emission Sources and Speed of Sound in Proton-proton (Proton-antiproton) Collisions
Creators: name: Gao, Li-Na
name: Liu, Fu-Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The revised (three-source) Landau hydrodynamic model is used in this paper to study the (pseudo)rapidity distributions of charged particles produced in proton-proton and proton-antiproton collisions at high energies. The central source is assumed to contribute with a Gaussian function which covers the rapidity distribution region as wide as possible. The target and projectile sources are assumed to emit isotropically particles in their respective rest frames. The model calculations obtained with a Monte Carlo method are fitted to the experimental data over an energy range from 0.2 to 13 TeV. The values of the squared speed-of-sound parameter in different collisions are then extracted from the width of the rapidity distributions.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures. Major Changes. Advances in High Energy Physics, in press. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1509.08603
Η περί των εικασιών πραγματεία του Νικόλαου Κουζανού
Creators: name: Καρανίκας, Περικλής Χαράλαμπου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Κουζανός
Εικασίες
Αναγέννηση
Cusanus
Conjectures
Renaissance

description: Το παρόν πόνημα ερευνά το θεωρητικό μέρος (Μέρος Α) της «Περί των Εικασιών Πραγματείας» (De Coniecturis) του Νικόλαου Κουζανού. Στο κείμενο αυτό ο φιλόσοφος παρουσιάζει μία επιστημονική μέθοδο την οποία ονομάζει μέθοδο του εικάζειν. Σύμφωνα μ’ αυτή δίδονται οι κατευθυντήριες γραμμές για την σύλληψη του θεού, ο οποίος αποτελεί και το απόλυτο άγνωστο αντικείμενο για τον άνθρωπο. O Κουζανός ξετυλίγει την σκέψη του γύρω από την έννοια μιας τετραμερούς Ενότητας η οποία αποτελεί το Όλον και μία έννοια Ετερότητας. Η σύλληψη αυτή περνάει αναγκαία μέσα από τα Μαθηματικά και την Γεωμετρία. Η υπέρβαση των προτάσεων της τυπικής λογικής από τον διανοούντα λόγο (διάνοια) αναδεικνύει τον Νου η γνώση του οποίου τοποθετείται πλησιέστερα του ποθητού αντικειμένου. Η Γνώση που ιδρύεται σ’ αυτή την κίνηση αποτελεί αληθή γνώση για τον άνθρωπο. Η διαλεκτική των αντιθέτων και η ακαταληπτότητα του θεού αποτελούν την ραχοκοκαλιά της σκέψης του Κουζανού.
description: The aim of this treatise is to present the theoretical part (Part One) of Nicolaus Cusanus «On Conjectures» (De Coniecturis). In this text the philosopher demonstrates a scientific method named method of Conjecturing. According to this, Cusanus gives the directional lines for the conception of god, which is the absolute unknown object for human being. Cusanus unfolds his thought around the concept of a fourfold Oneness which is the Whole and a concept of Otherness. This concept goes across Mathematics and Geometry. The exceedance of the propositions of typical logic from the thinking mind brings out Intellect whose knowledge is closer to the desired object. This knowledge which is established by this movement is true knowledge for the human being. The dialectic of contraries and the non-apprehension of god, is the backbone of Cusanus thought.
Long increasing subsequences and non-algebraicity
Creators: name: Bona, Miklos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A05

description: We use a recent result of Alin Bostan to prove that the generating functions of two infinite sequences of permutation classes are not algebraic.
description: 9 pages
Large-Area and Transferred High-Quality Three-Dimensional Topological Insulator Bi2-xSbxTe3-ySey Ultrathin Film by Catalyst-Free Physical Vapor Deposition
Creators: name: Tu, Ngoc Han
name: Tanabe, Yoichi
name: Satake, Yosuke
name: Huynh, Khuong Kim
name: Phuoc, Le Huu
name: Matsushita, Stephane Yu
name: Tanigaki, Katsumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Uniform and large area synthesis of bulk insulating ultrathin films is an important subject toward applications of a surface of three dimensional topological insulators (3D-TIs) in various electronic devices. Here we report epitaxial growth of bulk insulating three dimensional topological insulator (3D-TI) Bi2-xSbxTe3-ySey (BSTS) ultrathin films, ranging from a few quintuple to several hundreds of layaers, on mica in a large-area (1 cm2) via catalyst free physical vapor deposition. These films can nondestructively be exfoliated using deionized water and transferred to various kinds of substrates as desired. The transferred BSTS thin films show good ambipolar characteristics as well as well defined quantum oscillations arising from the topological surface states. Carrier mobility of 2500-5100 cm2(Vs)-1 is comparable to the high quality bulk BSTS single crystal. Moreover, tunable electronic states from the massless to the massive Dirac fermion were observed with a decrease in the film thickness. Both the feasible large area synthesis and the reliable film transfer process can promise that BSTS ultrathin films will pave a route to many applications of 3D-TIs.
description: 18 page, 4 figures
Current Practices and Issues in Digital Media Production and Literacy in the Academic Library: A Study
Creators: name: Sweet-Chavez, Kyla M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010
Subjects: Audiovisual library service evaluation
Multimedia
Information literacy--Study and teaching
Bibliographic instruction--Academic libraries
Academic libraries technological innovations

description: This study examines multimedia production lab practices in ARL (American Research Library) libraries, with particular emphasis on the library's role in hosting, staffing and providing instruction in digital media literacy. A content analysis of 114 ARL-member library websites examined what type of media production services are available to students, where the labs were located, who staffed the lab and what role the library as a whole has in the production of video, audio and multimedia projects for university students.
Additional file 1 of Understanding medical students’ transformative experiences of early preclinical international rural placement over a 20-year period
Creators: name: Malau-Aduli, Bunmi S.
name: Jones, Karina
name: Smith, Amy M.
name: Sen Gupta, Tarun
name: Hays, Richard B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Ψυχοκοινωνική Διάσταση του Καρκίνου
Creators: name: Τσέκας, Δημήτριος Αστέριου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ψυχοκοινωνική διάσταση
Καρκίνος
Κοινωνική διάσταση
Psychosocial dimension
Cancer
Social support

description: Σκοπός: Είναι η διερεύνηση της ψυχοκοινωνικής διάστασης του καρκίνου. Μελετώνται τα ψυχολογικά και κοινωνικά χαρακτηριστικά των ογκολογικών ασθενών καθώς και οι ψυχολογικές και κοινωνικές επιπτώσεις αυτού. Εξετάζεται ο ρόλος της οικογένειας του ασθενούς με καρκίνο και οι επιπτώσεις που αυτή προκαλεί στους φροντιστές και στα υπόλοιπα μέλη. Τέλος, ελέγχεται η ύπαρξη υποστηρικτικών δικτύων με το κατάλληλο εξειδικευμένο προσωπικό. Μέθοδος: Βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση σε ελληνικά και διεθνή συγγράμματα, σε πιστοποιημένα επιστημονικά άρθρα καθώς και σε ηλεκτρονικές βάσεις δεδομένων. Συμπεράσματα: Ο ογκολογικός ασθενής ψυχολογικά χαρακτηρίζεται από ανασφάλεια, απόγνωση, φόβο, άγχος, ενοχή, θυμό κι απώλεια της αυτοεξυπηρέτησής του ενώ ως επίπτωση μπορεί να παρουσιάζει θλίψη, κατάθλιψη και αυτοκτονικές τάσεις. Τα κοινωνικά χαρακτηριστικά περιλαμβάνουν τις αλλαγές στην εικόνα του είτε λόγω της νόσου είτε λόγω των θεραπειών της καλλιεργώντας το συναίσθημα μοναξιάς κι απομόνωσης. Στις κοινωνικές επιπτώσεις περιλαμβάνεται και το οικονομικό κόστος προκαλώντας δυσφορία και συγκρούσεις στο οικογενειακό περιβάλλον. Η οικογένεια των ογκολογικών ασθενών βιώνει μια αγχώδη διαταραχή συνοδευόμενη από συναισθήματα ενοχών, θυμού και ντροπής. Τέλος, όσον αφορά τα υποστηρικτικά δίκτυα του Εθνικού Συστήματος Υγείας ανευρίσκονται σοβαρές ελλείψεις στην παροχή ψυχικής και κοινωνικής υγείας από εξειδικευμένο προσωπικό, ενώ σημαντικός είναι ο ρόλος εθελοντικών οργανώσεων.
description: Target: Τhe investigation of the psychosocial dimension of cancer. The psychological and social characteristics of oncology patients as well as the psychological and social effects of this are studied. The role of the cancer patient's family and the effects it causes on caregivers and other members are examined. Finally, the existence of support networks with the appropriate specialized personnel is checked. Methods: Bibliographic review of Greek and international writings, certified scientific articles as well as electronic databases Conclusion: Psychologically, the oncological patient is characterized by insecurity, despair, fear, anxiety, guilt, anger and loss of self-care, while as an effect he may present sadness, depression and suicidal tendencies. The social characteristics include the changes in his image either due to the disease or due to its treatments cultivating the feeling of loneliness and isolation. The social effects include the financial cost, causing discomfort and conflicts in the family environment. The family of cancer patients experiences an anxiety disorder accompanied by feelings of guilt, anger and shame. Finally, regarding the support networks of the National Health System, there are serious deficiencies in the provision of mental and social health by specialized personnel, while the role of voluntary organizations is important.
Conditional cooling limit for a quantum channel going through an incoherent environment
Creators: name: Straka, Ivo
name: Miková, Martina
name: Mičuda, Michal
name: Dušek, Miloslav
name: Ježek, Miroslav
name: Filip, Radim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and experimentally verify a cooling limit for a quantum channel going through an incoherent environment. The environment consists of a large number of independent non-interacting and non-interfering elementary quantum systems - qubits. The qubits travelling through the channel can only be randomly replaced by environmental qubits. We investigate a conditional cooling limit that exploits an additional probing output. The limit specifies when the single-qubit channel is quantum, i.e. it preserves entanglement. It is a fundamental condition for entanglement-based quantum technology.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 sputnik
The practice of automatically listing senior members of departments as co-authors: a protocol for a systematic review of survey research
Creators: name: Na, Ana
name: Riet, Gerben Ter
name: Cavagnetto, Davide
name: Di Girolamo, Nicola
name: Reynders, Reint Meursinge
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: research integrity

description: The practice of listing a senior member(s) of a department, who did not qualify for authorship, as a co-author on all or most submitted articles can be an efficient way to boost the scientific output of these individuals. This practice could also facilitate manuscript publication, especially when the senior members are well known researchers and when editors and peer reviewers are not blinded. This manuscript presents a protocol for a systematic review of survey research to assess the prevalence of this practice in research departments of the health sciences.
Lippia myriocephala Schltdl. & Cham.
Creators: name: MONRO, A. K.
name: SANTAMARÍA-AGUILAR, D.
name: GONZÁLEZ, F.
name: CHACÓN, O.
name: SOLANO, D.
name: RODRÍGUEZ, A.
name: ZAMORA, N.
name: FEDELE, E.
name: CORREA, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Verbenaceae
Lippia
Lippia myriocephala

description: Lippia myriocephala Schltdl. & Cham.
Caragra, Caraigre (CR).
 Terrestrial shrubs or trees. Distribution in PILA 1000– 2700 m, mixed forest in transition to low elevation forest, mixed forest in transition to cloud forest, cloud forest, low elevation oak forest, high elevation oak forest. Global distribution: Mexico to Panama. Records: D. Solano 5246 (BM, INB, MO, PMA), N. Zamora 4227 (BM, INB, MO, PMA). Uses: timber.
description: Published as part of MONRO, A. K., SANTAMARÍA-AGUILAR, D., GONZÁLEZ, F., CHACÓN, O., SOLANO, D., RODRÍGUEZ, A., ZAMORA, N., FEDELE, E. & CORREA, M., 2017, A first checklist to the vascular plants of La Amistad International Park (PILA), Costa Rica-Panama, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 322 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.322.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13698397
Additional file 1 of Association of SGLT2 inhibitors with cardiovascular, kidney, and safety outcomes among patients with diabetic kidney disease: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Kaze, Arnaud D.
name: Zhuo, Min
name: Kim, Seoyoung C.
name: Patorno, Elisabetta
name: Paik, Julie M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig S1. Selection of studies for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Fig S2. Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors on fatal and nonfatal stroke among individuals with Diabetic Kidney disease. Table S1. Definition of kidney composite outcomes across included trials. Table S2. Characteristics of Clinical Trials Included in the Meta-analysis. Table S3. Risk of Bias Assessment.
Evaluation of Text Classification Accuracy
Creators: name: Howard, Bryan E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007
Subjects: Naive Bayes
Data mining
Text mining
J48
Knowledge Discovery in Databases

description: Libraries such as the National Library of Medicine frequently assign terms from a controlled vocabulary to improve document retrieval. The high cost of such manual efforts has motivated work in automated document classification. Framed using the knowledge discovery process, this paper compares classification performance based on various preprocessing, transformation and data mining methods. Specifically, we explore the degree to which stemming, vocabulary selection using term weighting, and windowing increases classification accuracy of the Naïve Bayes and J48 algorithms. We find that a process using the Naïve Bayes algorithm with a stop list, removal of data anomalies, TF*IDF weights in the range of 15 to 20, and a three word window size will provide the highest classification accuracy.
Controlled Vocabulary Use by Data Repositories: Determining Status and Potential for Promoting Interoperability
Creators: name: Rowell, Chelcie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013
Subjects: Digital libraries
Thesauri
Surveys

description: Controlled vocabularies facilitate interoperability but present challenges related to cost, usability, and interdisciplinarity. The Helping Interdisciplinary Vocabulary Engineering (HIVE) project aims to meet some of these challenges by providing an approach for integrating multiple controlled vocabularies. A companion effort to the ongoing development of HIVE, this research study developed and implemented a Web survey targeting many roles associated with data repositories - data contributors, data curators, DataNet administrators, and repository developers - regarding their uses of controlled vocabularies. Results indicate that a long tail of controlled vocabularies is currently in use by data repositories. Although the convenience sample of this study cannot be generalized to the broader population of data repository stakeholders, the results of this study indicate that a future study could reasonably hypothesize that demand for HIVE-like services exists among data contributors, data curators, and repository developers.
Implementation of An Event-based Business Document Indexing and Retrieving System
Creators: name: Ma, Huiying
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016
Subjects: Information retrieval--Evaluation
Natural language processing
Apache Solr Implementation

description: This paper presents a business event-based indexing and retrieval system that enables
searching for business articles and journals based on not only their full texts but also business events detected through natural language processing(NLP). The system was implemented using Apache Solr as the indexing and searching platform, on top of which I built my own algorithms and methods for document indexing and retrieving. The development of this system involved source document collection and tagging, indexing algorithm design and implementation, and system evaluation. Progress to date has shown that both precision and recall have been improved when searching using event-relevant key words and this also provide a way to retrieve entities combine with events.
Performance of whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) on resistant and susceptible accessions of tomato
Creators: name: Chen, J
Publisher: name: World Vegetable Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: WHITEFLY
subject: tomato
subject: PESTS
subject: FECUNDITY
subject: Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)
subject: Tomato accessions
subject: Pest behavior
subject: Development time
subject: Fecundity
subject: Oviposition preferences
subject: Resistant vs. susceptible accessions
subject: Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV)
subject: Crop protection
subject: Pest management strategies

description: The report focuses on the performance and behavior of the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) on different accessions of tomato to understand the pest's development, fecundity, and oviposition preferences on resistant and susceptible accessions. Whiteflies are significant pests affecting various crops, including tomatoes, and they are vectors of the Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus (TYLCV), which severely impacts tomato production. The study involved experiments to observe the life cycle of whiteflies, including development time, fecundity, and oviposition on different tomato accessions. The results indicated significant differences in whitefly development time and fecundity between resistant and susceptible tomato accessions. The resistant accessions showed longer development times and lower fecundity rates, suggesting their potential for effective pest management.
Perceptions of unaffiliated users in academic libraries and other issues associated with this user group
Creators: name: Keller, Margaret S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007
Subjects: Access to Libraries--Policy Statements
College and University Libraries--Policy
Use Studies--Non-resident Users

description: This study describes a questionnaire survey of seven university libraries across the country. The study was conducted to determine the perceptions of librarians in regards to unaffiliated users, and how well librarians understand the policies at their institutions. The results show that while affiliated patrons are seen most in instructional sessions and at the reference desk, there is no dominating area of interaction with unaffiliated patrons. And despite the multitude of opinions surrounding how unaffiliated users are and should be treated compared to those associated with an institution, librarians still show a strong desire to treat all patrons as fairly as possible.
Additional file 1 of The effect of pre-operative carbohydrate loading in femur fracture: a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Chaudhary, Narendra Kumar
name: Sunuwar, Dev Ram
name: Sharma, Rachit
name: Karki, Mandeep
name: Timilsena, Mukti Nath
name: Gurung, Anita
name: Badgami, Sunil
name: Singh, Devendra Raj
name: Karki, Prabesh
name: Bhandari, Kailash Kumar
name: Pradhan, Pranil Man Singh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. CONSORT 2010 checklist of information to include when reporting a randomised trial*.
Digital quantum simulation of lattice fermion theories with local encoding
Creators: name: Ballarin, Marco
name: Cataldi, Giovanni
name: Magnifico, Giuseppe
name: Jaschke, Daniel
name: Di Liberto, Marco
name: Siloi, Ilaria
name: Montangero, Simone
name: Silvi, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically analyze the feasibility of a platform-neutral, general strategy to perform quantum simulations of fermionic lattice field theories under open boundary conditions. The digital quantum simulator requires solely one- and two-qubit gates and is scalable since integrating each Hamiltonian term requires a finite (non-scaling) cost. The exact local fermion encoding we adopt relies on auxiliary $\mathbb{Z}_2$ lattice gauge fields by adding a pure gauge Hamiltonian term akin to the Toric Code. By numerically emulating the quantum simulator real-time dynamics, we observe a timescale separation for spin- and charge-excitations in a spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ Hubbard ladder in the $t-J$ model limit.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures
Assessment of drivers and pressures leading to urban challenges across the ULLs, including spatial and temporal components. REGREEN Deliverable D2.1
Creators: name: Fletcher, David
name: Zhao, Bin
name: Grandin, Gwendoline
name: Yang, Jun
name: Barra, Marc
name: Ruzic, Marko
name: Larsen, Lene Vinther
name: Iversen, Signe
name: Xu, Yaoyang
name: Chen, Cai
name: Banzhaf, Ellen
name: Knopp, Julius
name: Luo, Xiangyu
name: Wu, Wanben
name: Vesuviano, Gianni
name: Jones, Laurence
Publisher: name: REGREEN - Fostering nature‐based solutions for smart, green and healthy urban transitions in Europe and China. Horizon2020 Grant No. 821016.
Year: 2020
Subjects: drivers
pressures
urban challenges
spatial
temporal

description: This document forms part of the context-setting for the REGREEN project, and describes the main drivers and pressures associated with urbanization which are the focus of the Urban Living Labs (ULLs) within the project. The pressures are primarily environmental, but shaped by social and economic factors. The report illustrates how social factors interact with green, blue and grey infrastructure to shape the opportunities for implementing NBS to address these challenges.

Contributors to this report come from WP2 (challenges), WP3 (mapping and modelling) and all six ULLs: Paris, Aarhus, Velika Gorica, Shanghai, Beijing and Ningbo.

Each ULL ranks and describes the main pressures facing them. Air pollution, noise and heat are the top three pressures in Beijing and Velika Gorica. In Aarhus and Paris, the top three are biodiversity loss, water quality and flooding. In the other two Chinese ULLs, Ningbo and Shanghai, the top three issues are air pollution, water quality and flooding. These pressures are explored in more detail, including the health and societal impacts they cause.

Urban sprawl is separately addressed as a pressure, illustrated by a historical analysis of the rate of change in urban extent in all six ULLs since 1985. The expansion of urban area in the Chinese ULLs is substantially greater than any of the European ULLs.

Social and economic factors, which influence vulnerability and exposure to pressures, are also discussed. The literature suggests that age is the main risk factor for negative health impacts from high-temperatures, while deprivation is a risk factor for PM2.5 associated health impacts.

The report discusses the important role of spatial and temporal variability in pressures and in the potential of NBS to address these pressures. This highlights the importance of capturing spatial and temporal variation in data representing the pressures, but also that it is critical to have appropriate contextual data, particularly those data relating to people (e.g. sociodemographic and socioeconomic data) in order to provide useful spatially and temporally explicit representations of the challenges that are produced in urban environments.
Minimal Number of Observables for Quantum Tomography of Systems with Evolution Given by Double Commutators
Creators: name: Czerwiński, Artur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we analyze selected evolution models of $N-$level open quantum systems in order to find the minimal number of observables (Hermitian operators) such that their expectation values at some time instants determine the accurate representation of the quantum system. The assumption that lies at the foundation of this approach to quantum tomography claims that time evolution of an open quantum system can be expressed by the Kossakowski - Lindblad equation of the form $\dotρ = \mathbb{L} ρ$, which is the most general type of Markovian and time-homogeneous master equation which preserves trace and positivity. We consider the cases when the generator of evolution can be presented by means of two or more double commutators. Determining the minimal number of observables required for quantum tomography can be the first step towards optimal tomography models for $N-$level quantum systems.
Projected Stochastic Gradient Descent with Quantum Annealed Binary Gradients
Creators: name: Krahn, Maximilian
name: Sasdelli, Michele
name: Yang, Fengyi
name: Golyanik, Vladislav
name: Kannala, Juho
name: Chin, Tat-Jun
name: Birdal, Tolga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present, QP-SBGD, a novel layer-wise stochastic optimiser tailored towards training neural networks with binary weights, known as binary neural networks (BNNs), on quantum hardware. BNNs reduce the computational requirements and energy consumption of deep learning models with minimal loss in accuracy. However, training them in practice remains to be an open challenge. Most known BNN-optimisers either rely on projected updates or binarise weights post-training. Instead, QP-SBGD approximately maps the gradient onto binary variables, by solving a quadratic constrained binary optimisation. Under practically reasonable assumptions, we show that this update rule converges with a rate of $\mathcal{O}(1 / \sqrt{T})$. Moreover, we show how the $\mathcal{NP}$-hard projection can be effectively executed on an adiabatic quantum annealer, harnessing recent advancements in quantum computation. We also introduce a projected version of this update rule and prove that if a fixed point exists in the binary variable space, the modified updates will converge to it. Last but not least, our algorithm is implemented layer-wise, making it suitable to train larger networks on resource-limited quantum hardware. Through extensive evaluations, we show that QP-SBGD outperforms or is on par with competitive and well-established baselines such as BinaryConnect, signSGD and ProxQuant when optimising the Rosenbrock function, training BNNs as well as binary graph neural networks.
RXTE & Swift Observations of SWIFT J0513.4--6547
Creators: name: Sahiner, S.
name: Serim, M. M.
name: Baykal, A.
name: Inam, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present timing and spectral analysis of \emph{Swift}$-$XRT and \emph{RXTE}$-$PCA observations of the transient Be/X-ray pulsar SWIFT J0513.4--6547 during its outburst in 2009 and its rebrightening in 2014. From 2009 observations, short term spin-up rate of the source after the peak of the outburst is found to have about half of the value measured at the peak of the outburst by Coe et al. When the source is quiescent between 2009 and 2014, average spin-down rate of the source is measured to be $\sim 1.52 \times 10^{-12}$ Hz s$^{-1}$ indicating a surface dipole magnetic field of $\sim 1.5 \times 10^{13}$ Gauss assuming a propeller state. From 2014 observations, short term spin-down rate of the source is measured to be about two orders smaller than this long-term spin-down rate. The orbit of the source is found to be circular which is atypical for transient Be/X-ray binary systems. Hardness ratios of the source correlate with the X-ray luminosity up to $8.4\times 10^{36}$ erg s$^{-1}$ in 3-10 keV band, whereas for higher luminosities hardness ratios remain constant. Pulsed fractions are found to be correlated with the source flux. Overall \emph{Swift}$-$XRT and \emph{RXTE}$-$PCA energy spectrum of the source fit equally well to a model consisting of blackbody and power law, and a model consisting of a power law with high energy cut-off. From the pulse phase resolved spectra and pulse phase resolved hardness ratios obtained using \emph{RXTE}$-$PCA, it is shown that spectrum is softer for the phases between the two peaks of the pulse.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures; revised version, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Resource Type and Catalog Search
Creators: name: Zaborowski, Daphne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013
Subjects: Semantic gap
Faceted search
Aggregated search

description: This paper examines whether or not people search differently, in terms of strategy and metadata, depending on the format of the resource. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill online library catalog was used as a case study. In order to explore this question, interface and literature reviews were conducted along with a semi-structured interview of catalog users. Additionally, the overall design of the catalog was evaluated in terms of helpfulness when searching for non-book items.
One-Loop Right-Handed Neutrino Threshold Corrections for Two-Loop Running in Supersymmetric Type I Seesaw Models
Creators: name: Antusch, Stefan
name: Cazzato, Eros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The renormalization group (RG) running of the neutrino mass operator is required for comparing the predictions of neutrino models at high energy with the experimental data at low energies. In the type I seesaw scenario with n_G right-handed neutrinos, the RG running is also performed in the effective theories above and between the thresholds given by the masses of the right-handed neutrinos. At these thresholds, the effective theories are matched. When calculating the two-loop RG running, the matching has to be performed at the one-loop level. In this work, we calculate the one-loop matching formulae in the MSSM extended by n_G right-handed neutrinos using supergraph techniques. Moreover we present a general formula for one-loop matching of superpotential operators which can readily be applied to any supersymmetric theory where chiral superfields are integrated out.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures; version to appear in JHEP
Viola nannei Pol.
Creators: name: MONRO, A. K.
name: SANTAMARÍA-AGUILAR, D.
name: GONZÁLEZ, F.
name: CHACÓN, O.
name: SOLANO, D.
name: RODRÍGUEZ, A.
name: ZAMORA, N.
name: FEDELE, E.
name: CORREA, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Violaceae
Viola
Viola nannei

description: Viola nannei Pol.
Violeta (CR).
 Terrestrial herbs. Distribution in PILA 1300–3300 m, mixed forest in transition to cloud forest, cloud forest, low elevation oak forest, páramo. Global distribution: Mexico to Costa Rica. Records: A.K. Monro 5290 (BM, INB, MO).
description: Published as part of MONRO, A. K., SANTAMARÍA-AGUILAR, D., GONZÁLEZ, F., CHACÓN, O., SOLANO, D., RODRÍGUEZ, A., ZAMORA, N., FEDELE, E. & CORREA, M., 2017, A first checklist to the vascular plants of La Amistad International Park (PILA), Costa Rica-Panama, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 322 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.322.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13698397
Information transmission over an amplitude damping channel with an arbitrary degree of memory
Creators: name: D'Arrigo, A.
name: Benenti, G.
name: Falci, G.
name: Macchiavello, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the performance of a partially correlated amplitude damping channel acting on two qubits. We derive lower bounds for the single-shot classical capacity by studying two kinds of quantum ensembles, one which allows to maximize the Holevo quantity for the memoryless channel and the other allowing the same task but for the full-memory channel. In these two cases, we also show the amount of entanglement which is involved in achieving the maximum of the Holevo quantity. For the single-shot quantum capacity we discuss both a lower and an upper bound, achieving a good estimate for high values of the channel transmissivity. We finally compute the entanglement-assisted classical channel capacity.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
Does it matter who's reading? An investigation of the reception of literature represented by a "celebrity reader"
Creators: name: Radovsky, Jennie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000
Subjects: Read aloud--Children's perception
Children's reading
Literature--Children's perception
Picture Books--Children's perception

description: Does reading a book aloud to children affect children's reception of the literature, and further, is a child's perception of the individual reading? In an attempt to begin to address these questions, three groups of third graders were presented with a picture book. One group was read aloud to by a uniformed law enforcement officer, members of another group were each given a copy of the book at on their own, and the last group was read aloud to by the same law enforcement officer, but not in uniform or introduced as a law enforcement officer. Children were observed during their interaction with the literature and subsequently answered questions about what they thought about the story. Results suggest children's reception of literature may be affected by the manner in which literature is presented although the content of the literature plays a more significant role.