cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Comparing personalized mean glandular dose estimates between x-ray systems over time in mammography
Creators: name: Tromans, Christopher
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Mammographic screening is associated with a substantial and significant reduction in breast cancer mortality [1]. However, the breast is a highly radiation-sensitive organ, and although low, the risk of a radiation-induced cancer is concerning to...
Common Injuries sustained by Occupational Dog Handlers: A scoping review
Creators: name: Rosenmiller, Daniel
name: Lapitan, Jonah
name: Josephs, Kiefer
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: identifying common injuries sustained by dog handlers in specific occupations that consist of training, tactical, or military applications. Creating a conversation of different mechanisms of injuries associated with the dogs to elicit further discussion on prevention and treatment methods to further suit the different occupational dog handlers.
Population size predicts lexical diversity, but so does the mean sea level - why it is important to correctly account for the structure of temporal data
Creators: name: Koplenig, Alexander
name: Mueller-Spitzer, Carolin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In order to demonstrate why it is important to correctly account for the (serial dependent) structure of temporal data, we document an apparently spectacular relationship between population size and lexical diversity: for five out of seven investigated languages, there is a strong relationship between population size and lexical diversity of the primary language in this country. We show that this relationship is the result of a misspecified model that does not consider the temporal aspect of the data by presenting a similar but nonsensical relationship between the global annual mean sea level and lexical diversity. Given the fact that in the recent past, several studies were published that present surprising links between different economic, cultural, political and (socio-)demographical variables on the one hand and cultural or linguistic characteristics on the other hand, but seem to suffer from exactly this problem, we explain the cause of the misspecification and show that it has profound consequences. We demonstrate how simple transformation of the time series can often solve problems of this type and argue that the evaluation of the plausibility of a relationship is important in this context. We hope that our paper will help both researchers and reviewers to understand why it is important to use special models for the analysis of data with a natural temporal ordering.
Additional file 1 of It is safe to use the ulnar length difference to correct the radial length difference in the 3D-planning process of a radius osteotomy in patients with a distal radius malunion
Creators: name: Smees, Camiel J.
name: Oude Nijhuis, Koen D.
name: van der Heide, Stein
name: olde Heuvel, Judith
name: Doornberg, Job N.
name: Vochteloo, Anne J.H.
name: Tuijthof, Gabriëlle J.M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1, Measurement protocol. Automated length measurements using Materialise 3-Matic
Fostering Downtown Living: Overcoming Financial Barriers to Downtown Residential Development
Creators: name: Reilly, Steven
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: This paper seeks to evaluate local government policies to promote the
development of residential space in center city downtowns. Specifically, it aims to
outline two common policy approaches and analyze the financial and regulatory
impact of those policies in the context of local market dynamics. Houston and
Washington, DC serve as case studies to examine tax abatement and zoning
strategies, respectively. Additionally, financial analysis of a hypothetical project is
used to allow for the direct comparison of these policies and their effect on various
parties. Based on the findings of this report, market conditions for residential space,
public finances, and the local political climate are particularly important in
determining the most applicable policy for a city looking to promote downtown
residential space.
title: Volumetric breast density estimation on conventional mammography versus digital breast tomosynthesis
Creators: name: Tromans, Christopher
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Breast density reporting is a legal requirement in several US states, and clinical decisions are increasingly being made based upon these breast density results, in the US and elsewhere. The BI-RADS definition of the overall breast composition is...
title: Mammographic findings after reashaping with auto-prothesis in patients subjected to controlateral mastectomy and reconstruction
Creators: name: Panizza, Pietro
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: Comparative studies

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Breast reduction and mastopexy combined with inferior dermo- lipo- glandular flap (auto-prosthesis) proved to be effective in keeping good breast shape, long-term projection and upper pole fullness. We assess impact of this technique on the breast...
Realization of a time-scale with an accurate optical lattice clock
Creators: name: Grebing, C.
name: Al-Masoudi, A.
name: Dörscher, S.
name: Häfner, S.
name: Gerginov, V.
name: Weyers, S.
name: Lipphardt, B.
name: Riehle, F.
name: Sterr, U.
name: Lisdat, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical clocks are not only powerful tools for prime fundamental research, but are also deemed for the re-definition of the SI base unit second as they now surpass the performance of caesium atomic clocks in both accuracy and stability by more than an order of magnitude. However, an important obstacle in this transition has so far been the limited reliability of the optical clocks that made a continuous realization of a timescale impractical. In this paper, we demonstrate how this situation can be resolved and that a timescale based on an optical clock can be established that is superior to one based on even the best caesium fountain clocks. The paper also gives further proof of the international consistency of strontium lattice clocks on the $10^{-16}$ accuracy level, which is another prerequisite for a change in the definition of the second.
Expanding Campuses: A Qualitative Comparison of the Development Processes of University Park at MIT and The Georgia Institute of Technology's Technology Square
Creators: name: Oxford, Brian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: College is a necessity; no longer an optional progression of education taken by a few seeking to improve his or her status in life. In conjunction with the increased need for a college education, the "echo boom," the children of baby boomers, are reaching college age at record numbers. The largest class of graduating seniors in United States history will graduate in 2009 (Wright 2004). Furthermore, an additional 5.3 million students will matriculate by 2010, which contrasts with a total college and university enrollment of 12.2 million in 1985 (Wright 2004). Forced to respond to the increased demand, colleges are seeking alternative solutions for the provision of academic, residential, and office space. Additionally, colleges are greatly expanding their land holdings to accommodate future growth. It is imperative for educational institutions to form partnerships with communities and thus achieve quality growth that will not only benefit the college or university, but also will benefit the community's existing and potential residents. Through the use of two case studies, this paper will examine how colleges and universities undertake redevelopment projects. What motivates schools to expand through property acquisition and development? Are redevelopment projects purely self-motivated or do colleges and universities seek to benefit the surrounding neighborhoods and communities with development projects? How is development conducted and how are deals structured? Is there a difference in how private and public schools enter into the development process? Finally, I will address the funding of the development deals. From the case studies I will generate a set of recommendations for future college and university development projects.
Secondary ion mass spectrometry, a powerful tool for revealing ink formulations and animal skins in medieval manuscripts
Creators: name: Gravis, David
name: Roy, Nicolas
name: Ruffini-Ronzani, Nicolas
name: Houssiau, Laurent
name: Felten, Alexandre
name: Tumanov, Nikolay
name: Deparis, Olivier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: ToF-SIMS
cultural heritage
Surface analysis
X-ray diffraction
ATR-FTIR
Parchment and Inks
Multidisciplinary

description: Book production by medieval scriptoria has gained growing interest in recent studies. In this context, identifying ink compositions and parchment animal species from illuminated manuscripts is of great importance. Here, we introduce time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) as a non-invasive tool to identify both inks and animal skins in manuscripts, at the same time. For this purpose, both positive and negative ion spectra in inked and non-inked areas were recorded. Chemical compositions of pigments (decoration) or black inks (text) were determined by searching for characteristic ion mass peaks. Animal skins were identified by data processing of raw ToF-SIMS spectra using principal component analysis (PCA). In illuminated manuscripts from the fifteenth to sixteenth century, malachite (green), azurite (blue), cinnabar (red) inorganic pigments, as well as iron-gall black ink, were identified. Carbon black and indigo (blue) organic pigments were also identified. Animal skins were identified in modern parchments of known animal species by a two-step PCA procedure. We believe the proposed method will find extensive application in material studies of medieval manuscripts, as it is non-invasive, highly sensitive and able to identify both inks and animal skins at the same time, even from traces of pigments and tiny scanned areas.
description: In-house PCA algorithm requires python. ToF-SIMS raw data require SurfaceLab software. ATR-FTIR raw data (.0) can be read with free-licence software (Fityk). XRD diffractograms are directly exported in .txt from .xyz files. Funding provided by: Namur Institute of Structured Matter, University of Namur
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100023393
Award Number:
description: Analytical and data processing methods can be found in the associated article.
Deviations of the exciton level spectrum in cuprous oxide from the hydrogen series
Creators: name: Schöne, Florian
name: Krüger, Sjard-Ole
name: Grünwald, Peter
name: Aßmann, Marc
name: Heckötter, Julian
name: Thewes, Johannes
name: Fröhlich, Dietmar
name: Bayer, Manfred
name: Stolz, Heinrich
name: Scheel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent high-resolution absorption spectroscopy on excited excitons in cuprous oxide [Nature (London) 514, 343 (2014)] has revealed significant deviations of their spectrum from that of the ideal hydrogen-like series. Here we show that the complex band dispersion of the crystal, which determines the kinetic energy of electrons and holes, strongly affects the exciton binding energy. Specifically, we show that the nonparabolicity of the band dispersion is the main cause of the deviation from the hydrogen series. Experimental data collected from high-resolution absorption spectroscopy in electric fields validate the assignment of the deviation to the nonparabolicity of the band dispersion.
title: Quantitative elastosonography in the diagnosis of breast nodules: assessment of a multiparametric analysis
Creators: name: Maggini, Elena
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Elastography
subject: Technology assessment

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Elastography is a medical imaging modality for detecting abnormal changes in soft tissue with assessment of tissue stiffness usually in terms of strain (the tissue tendency of change in size or shape in response to external compression). Until now...
Fabricating large two-dimensional single colloidal crystals by doping with active particles
Creators: name: van der Meer, B.
name: Filion, L.
name: Dijkstra, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using simulations we explore the behaviour of two-dimensional colloidal (poly)crystals doped with active particles. We show that these active dopants can provide an elegant new route to removing grain boundaries in polycrystals. Specifically, we show that active dopants both generate and are attracted to defects, such as vacancies and interstitials, which leads to clustering of dopants at grain boundaries. The active particles both broaden and enhance the mobility of the grain boundaries, causing rapid coarsening of the crystal domains. The remaining defects recrystallize upon turning off the activity of the dopants, resulting in a large-scale single-domain crystal.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 3 of Navigating weight, risk and lifestyle conversations in maternity care: a qualitative study among pregnant women with obesity
Creators: name: Sandsaeter, Heidi L.
name: Eik-Nes, Trine Tetlie
name: Getz, Linn Okkenhaug
name: Magnussen, Elisabeth Balstad
name: Rich-Edwards, Janet W.
name: Horn, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 3
Encouraging VMT-reduction: community characteristics and planning process characteristics that increase VMT-reduction receptivity
Creators: name: Mansfield, Amanda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: An integral component of achieving successful initiation of VMT-reduction agendas is the development of best and innovative practices related to planning, particularly sustainability planning. Another essential component is the understanding on the part of the public and elected officials of which community characteristics should be in place for optimal VMT-reduction receptivity. In this report, I provide an overview of the literature on characteristics of good planning as well as an analysis of the community characteristics of four municipalities in the Southeastern United States as they relate to VMT-reduction receptivity. Findings indicate that there are gaps in the literature on what makes a good planning process as it relates to VMT-reduction receptivity, and in the interviewee's understanding of VMT-receptive community characteristics. Based on the findings, I recommend that both researchers and city staff and elected officials from the four analyzed cities focus more heavily on developing best and innovative practices around aggressive and targeted educational outreach and marketing campaigns. In addition, I recommend that the city staff and elected officials recognize the connection between a healthy economy and VMT-reduction receptivity. Finally, I recommend that the four cities increase their efforts around the development of a quality implementation and evaluation strategy, a flexible and politically astute staff, and a solid fact base, all of which are important contributors to a community's VMT-reduction receptivity.
title: MRI and MR-guided Biopsy In Breast Cancer Diagnosis.
Creators: name: Khadartseva, Madina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: MR
subject: Biopsy
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To demonstrate the opportunities of MRI in detection and reliable differentiation of breast lesions. In this poster we will review the contribution of MRI in evaluation of breast disease extent, in sampling of suspicious areas and wire localization...
Melting ice with your mind: Representational momentum for physical states
Creators: name: Hafri, Alon
name: Boger, Tal
name: Firestone, Chaz
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This is a registration prior to publication of Hafri, A., Boger, T., & Firestone, C. “Melting ice with your mind: Representational momentum for physical states”. Psychological Science.
Geodesics of learned representations
Creators: name: Hénaff, Olivier J.
name: Simoncelli, Eero P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We develop a new method for visualizing and refining the invariances of learned representations. Specifically, we test for a general form of invariance, linearization, in which the action of a transformation is confined to a low-dimensional subspace. Given two reference images (typically, differing by some transformation), we synthesize a sequence of images lying on a path between them that is of minimal length in the space of the representation (a "representational geodesic"). If the transformation relating the two reference images is linearized by the representation, this sequence should follow the gradual evolution of this transformation. We use this method to assess the invariance properties of a state-of-the-art image classification network and find that geodesics generated for image pairs differing by translation, rotation, and dilation do not evolve according to their associated transformations. Our method also suggests a remedy for these failures, and following this prescription, we show that the modified representation is able to linearize a variety of geometric image transformations.
description: Published as a conference paper at ICLR 2016
title: Incidental Detection of Clinically Unexpected Breast Abnormalities by CT.
Creators: name: Monzawa, Shuichi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Cancer
subject: Screening
subject: CT
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: In recent years, the clinical application of multi-detector-row CT (MDCT) has been extended to all diagnostic areas, and its increased use has resulted in greater detection of incidental findings unrelated to the primary diagnostic inquiry. Breast...
title: Validation of automated breast density assessment using Hologic Quantra Volumetric Measurement software.
Creators: name: Kruimer, Johan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Image verification
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Breast density is shown to have a significant influence on the interpretability of a mammogram and the cancer risk of the patient. In recent years in the United States legislation has even been passed, obliging the interpreting radiologist to inform...
Quregisters, symmetry groups and Clifford algebras
Creators: name: Cervantes, Dalia
name: Morales-Luna, Guillermo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 68Q12

description: The Clifford algebra over the three-dimensional real linear space includes its linear structure and its exterior algebra, the subspaces spanned by multivectors of the same degree determine a gradation of the Clifford algebra. Through these geometric notions, natural one-to-one and two-to-one homomorphisms from $\mbox{SO}(3)$ into $\mbox{SU}(2)$ are built conventionally, and the set of qubits, is identified with a subgroup of $\mbox{SU}(2)$. These constructions are suitable to be extended to corresponding tensor powers. The notions of qubits, quregisters and qugates are translated into the language of symmetry groups. The corresponding elements to entangled states in the tensor product of Hilber spaces. realise a notion of entanglement in the tensor product of symmetry groups.
A Study of the Effect of Bicycle Trails on Bicycling Level in Minneapolis
Creators: name: Zhang, Le
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Previous literature has studied the correlation between bicycle facilities and bicycling
level using different methods. However, few studies have investigated the
before-and-after effects of bicycle facilities at disaggregate level. To address this
problem, this paper uses 2000 and 2010 Twin Cities travel survey data and examines
the effect of proximity to bicycle trails on individual's bicycling level by adopting a
difference-in-difference study design. Both the treatment and control groups in 2000
have no proximity to any bike trails; and the treatment group gains proximity to the
new-built bike trails in 2010 while the control group remains the same. By comparing
the changes in bicycling levels of both groups over time controlling for covariates,
this study aims to examine whether the proximity to bike trails can significantly
increase the individual’s bicycling level in Minneapolis.
This study finds that individual' bicycling level has increased between 2000 and 2010
for both treatment and control groups but there is no statistically significant
correlation between the proximity to bike trails and the measures of individual’s
bicycling level. The results also reveal that among the covariates controlled for in this
analysis, student status, vehicle ownership and bike ownership have a significant
impact on cycling at individual level. Those findings demonstrate that the "build it
and they will come" theory is not always true. The evidence will aid in the policy
decision on bicycle facility investment as a way to encourage bicycling.
Additional file 1 of Medical students in distress: a mixed methods approach to understanding the impact of debt on well-being
Creators: name: Yang, Adrienne
name: Langness, Simone
name: Chehab, Lara
name: Rajapuram, Nikhil
name: Zhang, Li
name: Sammann, Amanda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
title: Automated Whole Breast Ultrasound for the Detection of Suspicious Microcalcifications: Comparison with Handheld Breast Ultrasound
Creators: name: Choi, Jae Jeong
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Mammography is a sensitive method for the detection of microcalcifications, which may be the only detectable manifestation of early breast cancer [1-3]. Benign calcifications cannot always be distinguished from those indicating malignancy;...
On a generalized Semrl's theorem for weak-2-local derivations on B(H)
Creators: name: Cabello, Juan Carlos
name: Peralta, Antonio M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that, for every complex Hilbert space $H$, every weak-2-local derivation on $B(H)$ or on $K(H)$ is a linear derivation. We also establish that every weak-2-local derivation on an atomic von Neumann algebra or on a compact C$^*$-algebra is a linear derivation.
Additional file 3 of Medical students in distress: a mixed methods approach to understanding the impact of debt on well-being
Creators: name: Yang, Adrienne
name: Langness, Simone
name: Chehab, Lara
name: Rajapuram, Nikhil
name: Zhang, Li
name: Sammann, Amanda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 3
title: Imaging features of triple negative breast carcinoma: mammography, ultrasound and MRI
Creators: name: Ivanac, Gordana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, encompassing a number of distinct biological entities that are associated with specific morphological and immunohistochemical features and clinical behavior. For many decades, invasive breast carcinomas were...
North Carolina Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFIs) Case Studies of Two Nonprofit Organizations In a Changing Industry
Creators: name: Berlin, Loren
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: In this paper, I examine how North Carolina's nonprofit CDFIs are responding to a changing CDFI industry. Specifically, as federal funding sources shrink and competition from traditional lenders increases, nonprofit CDFIs are adopting more market-oriented strategies to remain relevant and to achieve their mission of placing affordable capital in underserved communities. While exciting innovations have been spurred by the evolving industry, the transition has not necessarily been easy for CDFIs. This paper traces the changes currently occurring in the CDFI industry, considers how two nonprofit CDFIs in North Carolina are affected by, and are addressing, those changes, and closes with policy recommendations to bolster North Carolina's CDFI community.
The Government-Sponsored Enterprises: Their Origins, Collapses, and Prospects
Creators: name: Wu, Yang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The Government-Sponsored Enterprises (GSEs) have a long history in the housing finance
system of the United States. For decades, they played a crucial role in establishing a solid
foundation of the secondary mortgage market, which provide liquidity, stability and
affordability to the mortgage market. Taking a step back to look at the history of the GSEs is
important to understanding the financial crisis, its causes, and lessons for the future (Federal
Housing Finance Agency Office of Inspector General).
The Structure of the Strongly Lensed Gamma-ray Source B2 0218+35
Creators: name: Barnacka, Anna
name: Geller, Margaret J.
name: Dell'Antonio, Ian P.
name: Zitrin, Adi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong gravitational lensing is a powerful tool for resolving the high energy universe. We combine the temporal resolution of Fermi-LAT, the angular resolution of radio telescopes, and the independently and precisely known Hubble constant from Planck, to resolve the spatial origin of gamma-ray flares in the strongly lensed source B2 0218+35. The lensing model achieves 1 milliarcsecond spatial resolution of the source at gamma-ray energies. The data imply that the gamma-ray flaring sites are separate from the radio core: the bright gamma-ray flare (MJD: 56160 - 56280) occurred $51\pm8$ pc from the 15 GHz radio core, toward the central engine. This displacement is significant at the $\sim3σ$ level, and is limited primarily by the precision of the Hubble constant. B2 0218+35 is the first source where the position of the gamma-ray emitting region relative to the radio core can be resolved. We discuss the potential of an ensemble of strongly lensed high energy sources for elucidating the physics of distant variable sources based on data from Chandra and SKA.
description: accepted for publication, ApJ
title: The role of dual energy contrast enhanced digital mammography in characterization of breast lesions in edematous breast
Creators: name: Shetat, Ola
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Breast edema can be caused by a variety of pathologic processes of benign or malignant diseases. It may occur with inflammatory breast carcinoma, lymphatic obstruction, mastitis, lymphoma, post-radiation changes or systemic conditions such as...
Review of university polices for sustainability at UNC Chapel Hill
Creators: name: Bland, Aaron Nelson
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The goal of this paper is to investigate policies at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in regards to long-term campus sustainability. The report will be presented in two parts. The first part will be broad, focusing on incentives for U.S. institutions of higher education (hereto referred to as simply "universities" or "colleges") that encourage sustainable practices on campus. The second will an analysis of policies relating to building operations at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC) by looking at four buildings on UNC's central campus to determine if they meet the prerequisites for the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Green Building Rating System, LEED for Existing Buildings: Operations and Maintenance, 2009 Edition, which is developed for existing commercial and institutional buildings. These two pieces will help me to formulate constructive recommendations for University policy decision-making. Creating and implementing more sustainable and comprehensive policies for University operations would have numerous positive effects for the University: enhanced reputation as a campus sustainability leader, leading to a positive "green" image with potential impacts on student recruitment; reduced operating and maintenance costs, especially in the long-run; and simplified policies which will lessen confusion and ensure University departments and employees know how to operate. LEED Certified buildings would be a recognizable reward for such policies, giving the University something to show for its sustainable efforts. The first part will allow me to demonstrate incentives for the University to enact more sustainable policies beyond reduction of environmental impacts, and the second will provide an idea of where the University's current policies and building operations stand by comparing them with the widely respected and rigorous standard of LEED.
Implications of surface noise for the motional coherence of trapped ions
Creators: name: Talukdar, I.
name: Gorman, D. J.
name: Daniilidis, N.
name: Schindler, P.
name: Ebadi, S.
name: Kaufmann, H.
name: Zhang, T.
name: Häffner, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electric noise from metallic surfaces is a major obstacle towards quantum applications with trapped ions due to motional heating of the ions. Here, we discuss how the same noise source can also lead to pure dephasing of motional quantum states. The mechanism is particularly relevant at small ion-surface distances, thus imposing a new constraint on trap miniaturization. By means of a free induction decay experiment, we measure the dephasing time of the motion of a single ion trapped 50~$μ$m above a Cu-Al surface. From the dephasing times we extract the integrated noise below the secular frequency of the ion. We find that none of the most commonly discussed surface noise models for ion traps describes both, the observed heating as well as the measured dephasing, satisfactorily. Thus, our measurements provide a benchmark for future models for the electric noise emitted by metallic surfaces.
description: (5 pages, 4 figures)
On well-posedness of variational models of charged drops
Creators: name: Muratov, Cyrill B.
name: Novaga, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrified liquids are well known to be prone to a variety of interfacial instabilities that result in the onset of apparent interfacial singularities and liquid fragmentation. In the case of electrically conducting liquids, one of the basic models describing the equilibrium interfacial configurations and the onset of instability assumes the liquid to be equipotential and interprets those configurations as local minimizers of the energy consisting of the sum of the surface energy and the electrostatic energy. Here we show that, surprisingly, this classical geometric variational model is mathematically ill-posed irrespectively of the degree to which the liquid is electrified. Specifically, we demonstrate that an isolated spherical droplet is never a local minimizer, no matter how small is the total charge on the droplet, since the energy can always be lowered by a smooth, arbitrarily small distortion of the droplet's surface. This is in sharp contrast with the experimental observations that a critical amount of charge is needed in order to destabilize a spherical droplet. We discuss several possible regularization mechanisms for the considered free boundary problem and argue that well-posedness can be restored by the inclusion of the entropic effects resulting in finite screening of free charges.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures
title: Morphological features compared among invasive breast cancer subtypes using 3-tesla MRI
Creators: name: Kato, Fumi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Recently, it has become generally accepted to consider breast cancer as not a single disease but a group of heterogeneous diseases. Using an immunohistochemistry examination of extent of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), the human...
Orthogonal Polynomials on the Unit Ball and Fourth-Order Partial Differential Equations
Creators: name: Martínez, Clotilde
name: Piñar, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33C50, 42C10

description: The purpose of this work is to analyse a family of mutually orthogonal polynomials on the unit ball with respect to an inner product which includes an additional term on the sphere. First, we will get connection formulas relating classical multivariate orthogonal polynomials on the ball with our family of orthogonal polynomials. Then, using the representation of these polynomials in terms of spherical harmonics, algebraic and differential properties will be deduced.
Case Study: Site Conservation Plan for the NC Sandhills
Creators: name: Nelson, Lindy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Conservation planning is an approach by both non-profit conservation organizations and state and federal agencies in the US to frame problems and develop strategies to address the rapidly growing trend of species and habitat loss. In this case study, I take a look into of these planning efforts through the Site Conservation Plan for the NC Sandhills, a plan that I wrote based on the input of a group of hard working individuals who represent a broad range of interests. This plan was developed by the Sandhills Conservation Partnership, a network of state, federal and non-profit organizations seeking to protect biodiversity in the North Carolina Sandhills. Hired as a summer conservation intern, I worked to synthesize some of the previous work that had been done in the area by The Nature Conservancy, as well as organize two workshops to garner expert feedback on how to protect and enhance the biodiversity of the Sandhills. In this paper I seek to expose some of the inherent strengths and weaknesses of this effort, none of which necessarily belong to the individuals or organizations who participated in it. Many of the strengths and weaknesses are due to the institutional framework that conservation planning has evolved from, and some are due to quickly developing technology that holds both great promise as well as some false hope. I attempt do this in the first part of the case study by laying out the institutional framework of conservation planning. I start by stating the problem of biodiversity loss and subsequent effects it may have on current and future human social and physical needs. Then, I examine the world of conservation planning--both its roots in the American conservation ethic as well as to our relationship with our environment. This is followed by a look into the necessity for land use planning as a means to understand and address issues of biodiversity loss. The following chapter then explores a few types of conservation planning. In the second part of the case study, I look directly at the Site Conservation Plan for the NC Sandhills. After a run through the background and impetus for conservation work in the Sandhills, I look at three aspects of the plan; (1) the process by which the plan was created, (2) the content of the plan and what it seeks to address, and (3) the outcomes that the plan seeks to initiate. In the final part of the case study, I take a step back from the Sandhills example to see how it measures up to the ideals and previously mentioned types of conservation planning. By doing so, I hope to show the reader that, despite certain - perhaps inevitable - shortcomings of conservation planning, the effort pays off in both direct and indirect rewards. Ultimately, I hope the reader will come away with a better understanding of both the potentials and realities of conservation planning towards protecting biodiversity.
Quantum Diffusion on Molecular Tubes: Universal Scaling of the 1D to 2D Transition
Creators: name: Chuang, Chern
name: Lee, Chee Kong
name: Moix, Jeremy M.
name: Knoester, Jasper
name: Cao, Jianshu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transport properties of disordered systems are known to depend critically on dimensionality. We study the diffusion coefficient of a quantum particle confined to a lattice on the surface of a tube, where it scales between the 1D and 2D limits. It is found that the scaling relation is universal and independent of the disorder and noise parameters, and the essential order parameter is the ratio between the localization length in 2D and the circumference of the tube. Phenomenological and quantitative expressions for transport properties as functions of disorder and noise are obtained and applied to real systems: In the natural chlorosomes found in light-harvesting bacteria the exciton transfer dynamics is predicted to be in the 2D limit, whereas a family of synthetic molecular aggregates is found to be in the homogeneous limit and is independent of dimensionality.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Target Studies for Surface Muon Production
Creators: name: Berg, F.
name: Desorgher, L.
name: Fuchs, A.
name: Hajdas, W.
name: Hodge, Z.
name: Kettle, P. -R.
name: Knecht, A.
name: Lüscher, R.
name: Papa, A.
name: Rutar, G.
name: Wohlmuther, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Meson factories are powerful drivers of diverse physics programmes. With beam powers already in the MW-regime attention has to be turned to target and beam line design to further significantly increase surface muon rates available for experiments. For this reason we have explored the possibility of using a neutron spallation target as a source of surface muons by performing detailed Geant4 simulations with pion production cross sections based on a parametrization of existing data. While the spallation target outperforms standard targets in the backward direction by more than a factor 7 it is not more efficient than standard targets viewed under 90°. Not surprisingly, the geometry of the target plays a large role in the generation of surface muons. Through careful optimization, a gain in surface muon rate of between 30 - 60% over the standard "box-like" target used at the Paul Scherrer Institute could be achieved by employing a rotated slab target. An additional 10% gain could also be possible by utilizing novel target materials such as, e.g., boron carbide.
description: 12 pages, 15 figures
Strong decay patterns of the hidden-charm pentaquark states $P_c(4380)$ and $P_c(4450)$
Creators: name: Wang, Guang-Juan
name: Ma, Li
name: Liu, Xiang
name: Zhu, Shi-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the heavy quark symmetry and spin rearrangement scheme, we study the strong decay behavior of the hidden-charm pentaquark states with $J^P={\frac{3}{2}}^{\pm}, {\frac{5}{2}}^{\pm}$ assuming they are molecular candidates composed of ${\bar D}^{(\ast)}$ and $Σ_c^{(\ast)}$. We obtain several typical ratios of the partial decay widths of the hidden-charm pentaquarks. For the three S-wave $(\bar{D}Σ_c^*)$, $(\bar{D}^*Σ_c)$ and $(\bar{D}^*Σ_c^*)$ molecular pentaquarks with $J^P={{3}/{2}}^{-}$, we have obtained the ratio of their $J/ψN$ decay widths: $Γ\left[(\bar D{Σ^{\ast}_c})\right]:Γ\left[({\bar D}^{\ast}Σ_c)\right]:Γ\left[({\bar D}^{\ast}{Σ^{\ast}_c})\right]=2.7:1.0:5.4$, which may be useful to further test the possible molecular assignment of the $P_c$ states.
description: 9 pages
title: Utility of spectral mammography with contrast enhancement in the diagnosis of breast disease.
Creators: name: Travieso Aja, María del Mar
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Contrast agents
subject: Mammography
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Pathology

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Mammography is the only morphological imaging method with a proved impact on the reduction of breast cancer mortality [1, 2]. However it has been proven that in women with dense breasts is a less sensitive technique [3], and that in these patients a...
Building Back Better? An Assessment of Sustainability and Resiliency in Post-­‐Disaster Recovery and Rebuilding Plans in New York and New Jersey Following Superstorm Sandy
Creators: name: Dwyer, Caroline
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: On October 29, 2012, the United States was delivered a devastating reminder of exactly how
vulnerable our coastal cities and communities remain, particularly in light of the likelihood of
sea level rise resulting from global climate change. By Executive Order, President Barack
Obama directed Superstorm Sandy recovery efforts to address these vulnerabilities via the
development of a plan for rebuilding, focusing on increasing resiliency and sustainability. The
concepts of resiliency and sustainability are, of course, not unfamiliar to planners- they are both
increasingly recognized to be crucial elements in the long-term success of any community.
Through this lens, the on-going recovery of select communities within the States of New York
and New Jersey will be evaluated using identified indicators of resiliency and sustainability.
In addition to evaluating the recovery of the case study communities, state-local
intergovernmental cooperation frameworks, for both New York and New Jersey, will be
investigated by examining each state’s planning mandates and policies. It is believed that
identifying the cooperation typologies of each state will allow for an evaluation of the likely
implications of each framework type on: 1) the quality of local planning; 2) the incorporation of
greater sustainability into local planning; and 3) the increase in the resiliency of local
communities.
The findings derived from the indicator evaluation, and the implications of the cooperation
frameworks, will allow for a discussion of the degree to which the directive for greater resiliency
and sustainability, contained within President Obama’s Executive Order, has been met.
Additionally, these findings may help inform the nascent national recovery policy that has
emerged following the criticisms of the federal government’s response to Hurricane Katrina and
the on-going recovery along the Gulf Coast.
title: First national digital mammography survey in Portugal - findings and recommendations
Creators: name: Reis, Claudia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Education and training

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: 1. To investigatethe level of innovation in mammography in Portugal, the practices in use with focus on the technology and technical performance of digital mammography systems installed. 2. To assess the compliance with international quality...