cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transient growth of Kelvin waves on quantized vortices
Creators: name: Barenghi, C. F.
name: Tsubota, M.
name: Mitani, A.
name: Araki, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantized vortex lines in helium II can be destabilized by a sufficiently large normal fluid velocity which is parallel to the vortex lines (Donnelly - Glaberson instability). We study what happens if the driving normal fluid is not steady but oscillates periodically with time. We show that in certain situations, although individual perturbations decay when time goes to infinity, a state of transient growth of Kelvin waves is possible, which may explain observations of a small and not reproducible longitudinal component of mutual friction.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure; submitted
Coronal Photopolarimetry with the LASCO-C2 Coronagraph over 24 Years [1996-2019] -- Application to the K/F Separation and to the Determination of the Electron Density
Creators: name: Lamy, Philippe
name: Llebaria, Antoine
name: Boclet, Brice
name: Gilardy, Hugo
name: Burtin, Michael
name: Floyd, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an in-depth characterization of the polarimetric channel of the Large-Angle Spectrometric COronagraph LASCO-C2 onboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SoHO). The polarimetric analysis of the white-light images makes use of polarized sequences composed of three images obtained though three polarizers oriented at +60°, 0° and -60°, complemented by a neighboring unpolarized image, and relies on the formalism of Mueller. The Mueller matrix characterizing the C2 instrument was obtained through extensive ground-based calibrations of the optical components and global laboratory tests. Additional critical corrections were derived from in-flight tests relying prominently on roll sequences and on consistency criteria, mainly the tangential direction of polarization. Our final results encompass the characterization of the polarization of the white-light corona, of its polarized radiance, of the two-dimensional electron density, and of the K-corona over two solar cycles. They are in excellent agreement with measurements obtained at several solar eclipses except for slight discrepancies affecting the innermost part of the C2 field-of-view, probably resulting from an imperfect removal of the bright diffraction fringe surrounding the occulter.
description: 72 pages, 51 figures
Callyspongia Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864
Creators: name: Payne, Robyn P.
name: Samaai, Toufiek
name: Janson, Liesl
name: Kerwath, Sven E.
name: Gibbons, Mark J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Haplosclerida
Callyspongiidae
Callyspongia

description: Genus Callyspongia Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864
Type species. Callyspongia fallax Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 (by subsequent designation).
description: Published as part of Payne, Robyn P., Samaai, Toufiek, Janson, Liesl, Kerwath, Sven E. & Gibbons, Mark J., 2025, Eleven new heteroscleromorph Demospongiae (Porifera), and a new record of the tetractinellid Ancorina corticata, from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount on the Madagascar Ridge in the South West Indian Ocean (SWIO), pp. 1-56 in Zootaxa 5575 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5575.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14746045
USIA Poll # 1986-I86007: British Parliamentarians
Creators: name: USIA
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Partisan opinions (1); Britain UNESCO membership (1); Anglo-Irish agreement (1); Geneva summit (9); Britain abandoning nuclear weapons (1); cruise missiles in Britain (1); British cooperation with United States on Star Wars/SDI research (2); Star Wars/SDI effecting chance of war (1); Britain's Common Market Membership (1); channel link (2); Chancellor reducing income tax (2); proportional representation (1); banning opinion polls just before general election (2); television programs favoring parties (2); frequency of advertising consumer goods (6); banning certain manufacturers from sponsorship of certain programs (2); duty on cigarettes, alcohol, and petrol (3); restrictions on smoking/tobacco advertising (3); manufacturers responsibility towards consumers (3); smokers (1).
Observing Conditions at Mt.Graham: VATT UBVR Sky Surface Brightness and Seeing Measurements from 1999 through 2003
Creators: name: Taylor, Violet
name: Jansen, Rolf
name: Windhorst, Rogier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of sky surface brightness and seeing on Mt.Graham obtained at the Vatican Advanced Technology Telescope (VATT) during 16 observing runs between April 1999 and December 2003. We show that the sky surface brightness is significantly darker during photometric conditions, and can be highly variable over the course of a single observing run as well as from one run to the next, regardless of photometricity. In our photometric observations we find an average low-airmass (sec z < 1.2) sky surface brightness of 22.00, 22.53, 21.49, and 20.88 mag arcsec^-2 in U, B, V, and R, respectively. The darkest run (02/00 in U and 02/01 in BVR) had an average sky surface brightness of 22.38, 22.86, 21.72, and 21.19 mag arcsec^-2 in U, B, V, and R, respectively. With these results we show that under the best conditions, Mt. Graham can compete with the darkest sites in Hawaii and Chile, thanks in part to the strict dark-sky ordinances in place in Tucson and Safford. We expect the sky over Mt. Graham to be even darker than our 1999--2003 results during solar minimum (2006--2007). We find a significant improvement of about 0.45 arcsec in our measured stellar FWHM after improvements to the telescope were made in Summer and Fall 2001. Stellar FWHM values are highly variable, with median R-band focus FWHM values in each observing run ranging from 0.97 arcsec to 2.15 arcsec. Significantly sub-arcsecond seeing was occasionally achieved with values as low as 0.65 arcsec FWHM in R. There may possibly still be a significant telescope contribution to the seeing at the VATT, but nearby trees as high as the dome are currently the dominant factor.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, to appear in PASP
title: Police-Led Boys' Clubs in England and Wales, 1918-1951
Creators: name: Wilburn, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2020

description: Police-led boys’ clubs were established across England and Wales, in industrial towns and cities, during the interwar and immediate post-war period. They were founded and organised by Chief Constables, and high-ranking police officers. Their activities were reported upon in local, regional and national newspapers. Club organisers aimed to harness the ‘high spirits’ of boys in a positive way, removing them from the streets and the temptations of juvenile delinquency. They were run on a daily basis by working-class Police Constables, who were motivated for a variety of reasons to volunteer in them during their free time. Police-led boys’ clubs were endorsed by royals and members of the aristocracy, facilitated and financed by local dignitaries, and attended on by doctors and dentists. The daily activities of the clubs were dominated by sports such as boxing and gymnastics. Camaraderie between the boys and the police officers who instructed these sports was encouraged. These pursuits used aspects of masculinity and physicality to engender self-restraint, a strong work ethic and produce model citizens. Camping, both in weekend and summer camps, was an integral part of the club programme. Camp organisers aimed to create good citizens through emphasis on character-building exercises, friendship and engagement with nature. The example of the police-led club is used to inform youth justice today. Comparisons are made between how boxing clubs aim to temper violent tendencies exhibited by certain types of masculinities; and how the example of the clubs speaks directly to youth crime prevention approaches outlined in the UK Government’s Serious Violence Strategy. However, the potential for the recreation of the police-led club in a modern setting is somewhat limited.
Predictions from the Fritzsch-Type Lepton Mass Matrices
Creators: name: Fukugita, M.
name: Tanimoto, M.
name: Yanagida, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the Fritzsch-type lepton mass matrix models confronted with new experiments for neutrino mixings. It is shown that the model is viable and leads to a rather narrow range of free parameters. Using empirical mixing information between $ν_e$ and $ν_μ$, and between $ν_μ$ and $ν_τ$, it is predicted that the mixing angle between $nu_e$ and $ν_τ$ is in the range $0.04<0.007$ eV.
description: Latex file with 13 pages, 6 eps files
TDOA-based localization with NLOS mitigation via robust model transformation and neurodynamic optimization
Creators: name: Xiong, Wenxin
name: Schindelhauer, Christian
name: So, Hing Cheung
name: Bordoy, Joan
name: Gabbrielli, Andrea
name: Liang, Junli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper revisits the problem of locating a signal-emitting source from time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA) measurements under non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation. Many currently fashionable methods for NLOS mitigation in TDOA-based localization tend to solve their optimization problems by means of convex relaxation and, thus, are computationally inefficient. Besides, previous studies show that manipulating directly on the TDOA metric usually gives rise to intricate estimators. Aiming at bypassing these challenges, we turn to retrieve the underlying time-of-arrival framework by treating the unknown source onset time as an optimization variable and imposing certain inequality constraints on it, mitigate the NLOS errors through the $\ell_1$-norm robustification, and finally apply a hardware realizable neurodynamic model based on the redefined augmented Lagrangian and projection theorem to solve the resultant nonconvex optimization problem with inequality constraints. It is validated through extensive simulations that the proposed scheme can strike a nice balance between localization accuracy, computational complexity, and prior knowledge requirement.
description: This paper has been accepted for publication by Signal Processing
title: The Next Generation Residential Space
Creators: name: Matar El Raachini, Elie
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Demand
subject: Services
subject: Residential
subject: FM
subject: Facility Management
subject: Covid-19

description: Technological developments and new user expectations have placed considerable strain on businesses to adopt innovative, flexible, and customized new models. As thecovid-19 pandemic contributed also to the disruption of the residential sector and skeptic the benefits of home service, the question remains on how to anticipate new demand to lure back consumers and gain back their trust. The purpose of this paper, to study the factors influencing user demand characteristics and get a comprehensive ideaof the prevalence and expansion of demand for space and services to better understand the meaning of "New demand" and its implications on real estate and facilitymanagement. In addition, this paper serves as a guidance for designers and businesses operating in the residential sector, providing them with user-centered concepts and models to integrate in their design and services. The study starts with a focused literature review and continues with a multiple case study methodology, as the impactof Covid-19 is in the early stages of theory development. The result shows that demand for space is shifting towards sustainability and energy efficiency as users become more sensible about the environment and climate change. In addition to a shift toward different structural model like co-living and serviced apartment, especially for millennials where they prefer even to invest more in exchange for high quality and convenient services. The result also shows that the impact of Covid-19 on residential sector has not been as severe as it is in other industries. The consequences of covid-19 reflected reduced demand for co-living models, student residences and apartment versus a boost in demand for smart, individual, and mobile houses. Demand for homeoffice space is expected to increase by 90% as 50% of employees have started working from home and 44% of home office employees are planning to adopt a hybrid employment agreement even after the end of lockdown. Covid-19 has reoriented consumers spending on entertainment, vacations and commuting towards on-demandhome services which has created an opportunity for home service providers (specially cleaning, contracting, and landscaping) to take advantage of it by pivoting theirservices to align with the new demand for home improvement. Drawing on these findings, the next decades will witness substantial changes to home-life through technological advancement in response to societal, demographic and climate changes.The family home of the future will evolve to be more resilient and more adaptable to society’s ever-evolving needs.
Spectral evidence of an accretion disk in wind-fed X-ray pulsar Vela X-1 during an unusual spin-up period
Creators: name: Liao, Zhenxuan
name: Liu, Jiren
name: Zheng, Xueying
name: Gou, Lijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In classical supergiant X-ray binaries (SgXBs), the Bondi-Hoyle-Lyttleton wind accretion was usually assumed, and the angular momentum transport to the accretors is inefficient. The observed spin-up/spin-down behavior of the neutron star in SgXBs is not well understood. In this paper, we report an extended low state of Vela X-1 (at orbital phases 0.16-0.2), lasting for at least 30 ks, observed with Chandra during the onset of an unusual spin-up period. During this low state, the continuum fluxes dropped by a factor of 10 compared to the preceding flare period, and the continuum pulsation almost disappeared. Meanwhile, the Fe K$α$ fluxes of the low state were similar to the preceding flare period, leading to an Fe K$α$ equivalent width (EW) of 0.6 keV, as high as the Fe K$α$ EW during the eclipse phase of Vela X-1. Both the pulsation cessation and the high Fe K$α$ EW indicate an axisymmetric structure with a column density larger than $10^{24}\rm cm^{-2}$ on a spatial scale of the accretion radius of Vela X-1. These phenomena are consistent with the existence of an accretion disk that leads to the following spin-up of Vela X-1. It indicates that disk accretion, although not always, does occur in classical wind-fed SgXBs.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Mesoscale eddies stimulate higher trophic level marine life acoustically recorded density distribution creates understanding of the impact of physical forcing
Creators: name: Godø, Olav Rune
name: Macaulay, Gavin J.
name: Samuelsen, Annette
name: Hjøllo, Solfrid Sætre
name: Johannessen, Johnny A.
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session B
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Physical forcing shapes ecosystems and understanding interactions between drivers and biological response is crucial for understanding ecosystem processes and development of harvested stocks. Combining satellite information with vessel-based acoustics represents a cost-efficient approach to study physical-biological interaction in mesoscale eddies. Anomalies in horizontal distribution patterns demonstrate that fish feed along anticyclone eddy peripheries while biomass concentrations are found in cyclone centres. Thus eddies creates an attractive habitat for marine organisms and shape distribution patterns of fish species in eddies. However, our data also indicate that the eddy influenced signal in the acoustic record varies from very strong to absent, possibly due to eddy age, eddy rotation (cyclone or anticyclone), etc. The impact of the findings and needs further work are discussed.
Callyspongia (Callyspongia) Duchassaing & Michelotti 1864
Creators: name: Payne, Robyn P.
name: Samaai, Toufiek
name: Janson, Liesl
name: Kerwath, Sven E.
name: Gibbons, Mark J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Haplosclerida
Callyspongiidae
Callyspongia

description: Subgenus Callyspongia (Callyspongia) Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864
Type species. Callyspongia (Callyspongia) fallax Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 (by subsequent designation).
description: Published as part of Payne, Robyn P., Samaai, Toufiek, Janson, Liesl, Kerwath, Sven E. & Gibbons, Mark J., 2025, Eleven new heteroscleromorph Demospongiae (Porifera), and a new record of the tetractinellid Ancorina corticata, from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount on the Madagascar Ridge in the South West Indian Ocean (SWIO), pp. 1-56 in Zootaxa 5575 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5575.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/14746045
Renormalization and factorization scale analysis of $\bar{b}b$ production in antiproton-proton collisions
Creators: name: Chyla, Jiri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There a sizable and systematic discrepancy between experimental data on the $\bar{b}b$ production in $\bar{\mathrm p}$p, $γ$p and $γγ$ collisions and existing theoretical calculations within perturbative QCD. Before interpreting this discrepancy as a signal of new physics, it is important to understand quantitatively the ambiguities of conventional calculations. In this paper the uncertainty coming from renormalization and factorization scale dependence of finite order perturbation calculations of the total cross section of $\bar{b}b$ production in $\bar{\mathrm{p}}$p collisions is discussed in detail. It is shown that the mentioned discrepancy is reduced significantly if these scales are fixed via the Principle of Minimal Sensitivity.
description: 15 pages, JHEP macro attached, 11 eps figures
title: Oceanographic and physiological conditioning of the hydroacoustic survey results in the Canary upwelling region
Creators: name: Chernega, G.
name: Timoshenko, N.
name: Barkova, N.
name: Sorokin, A.
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session B
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The study purpose is verification of the hypothesis of significant dependence of the acoustic survey results on the oceanographic conditions in the Canaries upwelling zone based on the long-term survey data
High-throughput screening of Weyl semimetals
Creators: name: Grassano, Davide
name: Marzari, Nicola
name: Campi, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological Weyl semimetals represent a novel class of non-trivial materials, where band crossings with linear dispersions take place at generic momenta across reciprocal space. These crossings give rise to low-energy properties akin to those of Weyl fermions, and are responsible for several exotic phenomena. Up to this day, only a handful of Weyl semimetals have been discovered, and the search for new ones remains a very active area. The main challenge on the computational side arises from the fact that many of the tools used to identify the topological class of a material do not provide a complete picture in the case of Weyl semimetals. In this work, we propose an alternative and inexpensive, criterion to screen for possible Weyl fermions, based on the analysis of the band structure along high-symmetry directions in the absence of spin-orbit coupling. We test the method by running a high-throughput screening on a set of 5455 inorganic bulk materials and identify 49 possible candidates for topological properties. A further analysis, carried out by identifying and characterizing the crossings in the Brillouin zone, shows us that 3 of these candidates are Weyl semimetals. Interestingly, while these 3 materials underwent other high-throughput screenings, none had revealed their topological behavior before.
description: Fixed author order
title: Understanding Ambivalence as an emotional response to organisational change under New Public Management: A study of English housing associations
Creators: name: Sai, Linna
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2020

description: This thesis uses the concept of ‘emotional ambivalence’, understood as a dynamic emotional response to change that unfolds over time, to explore the complex emotions experienced by employees and managers under New Public Management (NPM). The qualitative empirical study is based on two in-depth case studies of English housing associations. Thirty-five semi-structured interviews were conducted across hierarchical levels and organisational documents and research fieldnotes were analysed using thematic and narrative methods. The analysis demonstrates that NPM involves a cultural change from a traditional public sector to a more ‘business-like’ organisational culture. This thesis critiques dualistic representations of emotion, as either positive or negative, and the use of ‘mixed emotion’ to explore the complex emotions experienced by organisational members during change. It argues that the emotions experienced by organisational members during NPM-related change are inherently ambivalent. Emotional ambivalence arises from multiple sources and has contradictory emotional elements. A key conclusion of this study is that engaging with organisational members who experience ambivalent emotions in response to change offers an important resource which can be utilised by change managers.
Spectrum Sharing Dynamic Protection Area Neighborhoods for Radio Astronomy
Creators: name: Papadopoulos, Nicholas
name: Lofquist, Mark
name: Clegg, Andrew W.
name: Gifford, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To enforce incumbent protection through a spectrum access system (SAS) or future centralized shared spectrum system, dynamic protection area (DPA) neighborhood distances are employed. These distances are distance radii, in which citizen broadband radio service devices (CBSDs) are considered as potential interferers for the incumbent spectrum users. The goal of this paper is to create an algorithm to define DPA neighborhood distances for radio astronomy (RA) facilities with the intent to incorporate those distances into existing SASs and to adopt for future frameworks to increase national spectrum sharing. This paper first describes an algorithm to calculate sufficient neighborhood distances. Verifying this algorithm by recalculating previously calculated and currently used neighborhood distances for existing DPAs then proves its viability for extension to radio astronomy facilities. Applying the algorithm to the Hat Creek Radio Observatory (HCRO) with customized parameters results in distance recommendations, 112 kilometers for category A (devices with 30 dBm/10 MHz max EIRP) and 144 kilometers for category B (devices with 47 dBm/10MHz max EIRP), for HCRO's inclusion into a SAS and shows that the algorithm can be applied to RA facilities in general. Calculating these distances identifies currently used but likely out-of-date metrics and assumptions that should be revisited for the benefit of spectrum sharing.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, 5 tables, published to WCNC 2023
Exotic $U(1)$ Symmetries, Duality, and Fractons in 3+1-Dimensional Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Seiberg, Nathan
name: Shao, Shu-Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend our exploration of nonstandard continuum quantum field theories in 2+1 dimensions to 3+1 dimensions. These theories exhibit exotic global symmetries, a peculiar spectrum of charged states, unusual gauge symmetries, and surprising dualities. Many of the systems we study have a known lattice construction. In particular, one of them is a known gapless fracton model. The novelty here is in their continuum field theory description. In this paper, we focus on models with a global $U(1)$ symmetry and in a followup paper we will study models with a global $\mathbb{Z}_N$ symmetry.
description: 74 pages. v3: significant changes
Phase diagram of muonium hydride: when dimensionality matters
Creators: name: Hu, Jieru
name: Boninsegni, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry out a theoretical investigation of the low-temperature phase diagram of muonium hydride in two dimensions, using numerical simulations. It is shown that the phase diagram of this substance is qualitatively different in two and three dimensions. Specifically, while in three dimensions it has been shown to be essentially identical to that of parahydrogen, i.e., only displaying a single (crystalline) phase, in two dimensions it is very similar to that of He-4, with an equilibrium liquid phase that turns superfluid at a temperature as high as ~ 2.2 K, and that crystallizes under applied pressure. To our knowledge, this is the first well-described case of a condensed matter system whose phase diagram is drastically altered by dimensional reduction.
description: Five pages, four figures in color
Ipsos: September 2021 COVID-19 Vaccine Survey of Parents
Creators: name: COVID-19 Vaccine Education And Equity Project
name: National Association Of School Nurses
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccine (1); reasons for not getting vaccinated (7); worry over child getting coronavirus (1); coronavirus vaccine for your child (33); possible factors to change your decision about child's vaccination status (7); discussions with authority figures on childhood vaccination (8); most influential on childhood vaccination decisions (13); reasons for vaccination decisions (13); tested positive for coronavirus (2); schools requiring children to get vaccination (1); most comfortable locations to get childhood vaccination (1); other recommended vaccinations (1).
Sacred Grounds : Enhancing the Cultural Landscape on Mauna A Wakea
Creators: name: Lacsina, Christopher
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: My thesis considers the contested landscape of Mauna Kea, a volcanic mountain on the island of Hawai’i. As ground is literally being broken in the name of astronomical scientific advancement, what breaks in tandem is the site of cultural practice for an entire community and nation. The Mauna is currently home to 13 telescopes sponsored by public and private institutions locally and globally. The latest telescope, Thirty Meter Telescope or “TMT” has been approved, but its construction is being protested by the Native Hawaiian community under grounds of continued desecration to their sacred cultural lands. While some might consider the motive of the scientific community is for the advancement of human civilization towards groundbreaking discoveries about the universe, others feel a threatening of their way of life and culture. These tensions unfold within a landscape that holds significant meaning to the Native Hawaiian culture and its people, while this exact site has been identified as the optimum location for peering into the universe. Through tracing a lineage of the Native Hawaiian sense of the land or “’aina” we come to understand that the landscape is a reflection of their spiritual and physical wellbeing. The destruction of their sacred lands through the building of the telescopes greatly impacts the Hawaiian community and their ability to continue practicing their culture and way of life. To Native Hawaiians the mauna is viewed as the origin spot (axis mundi) of where life begins and a place of great spiritual power. My consideration is that landscape architecture has a role in being a mechanism of cultural promotion where design will give form to the complex processes of how landscapes themselves are tied to a community’s well-being manifested through its cultural expressions and shaped through human practices. The project seeks to understand opportunities to enhance the site for cultural practice.
Consistent and inconsistent truncations. Some results and the issue of the correct uplifting of solutions
Creators: name: Pons, Josep M.
name: Talavera, Pere
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We clarify the existence of two different types of truncations of the field content in a theory, the consistency of each type being achieved by different means. A proof is given of the conditions to have a consistent truncation in the case of dimensional reductions induced by independent Killing vectors. We explain in what sense the tracelessness condition found by Scherk and Scharwz is not only a necessary condition but also a {\it sufficient} one for a consistent truncation. The reduction of the gauge group is fully performed showing the existence of a sector of rigid symmetries. We show that truncations originated by the introduction of constraints will in general be inconsistent, but this fact does not prevent the possibility of correct upliftings of solutions in some cases. The presence of constraints has dynamical consequences that turn out to play a fundamental role in the correctness of the uplifting procedure.
description: Latex, 33 pages, 1 eps fig. v2: typos removed, refs. added
Vulnerabilities in AI Code Generators: Exploring Targeted Data Poisoning Attacks
Creators: name: Cotroneo, Domenico
name: Improta, Cristina
name: Liguori, Pietro
name: Natella, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: AI-based code generators have become pivotal in assisting developers in writing software starting from natural language (NL). However, they are trained on large amounts of data, often collected from unsanitized online sources (e.g., GitHub, HuggingFace). As a consequence, AI models become an easy target for data poisoning, i.e., an attack that injects malicious samples into the training data to generate vulnerable code.
 To address this threat, this work investigates the security of AI code generators by devising a targeted data poisoning strategy. We poison the training data by injecting increasing amounts of code containing security vulnerabilities and assess the attack's success on different state-of-the-art models for code generation. Our study shows that AI code generators are vulnerable to even a small amount of poison. Notably, the attack success strongly depends on the model architecture and poisoning rate, whereas it is not influenced by the type of vulnerabilities. Moreover, since the attack does not impact the correctness of code generated by pre-trained models, it is hard to detect. Lastly, our work offers practical insights into understanding and potentially mitigating this threat.
description: Accepted for publication at the International Conference on Program Comprehension 2024
title: Growth Differentiation Factor 11 and Myostatin: Mechanism and Therapeutic Role in Cardiovascular Diseases
Creators: name: Camparini, Luca
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2019

description: During life, cardiac muscle is capable of remodeling in response to an increased hemodynamic demand through cardiac hypertrophy. However, in most cases, if the stress stimuli become chronic the initially compensatory hypertrophic response evolves towards a pathological condition and heart failure. In this scenario, a therapeutic approach capable of reducing pathological cardiac hypertrophy could be beneficial. Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is circulating factor able to reduce cardiac hypertrophy in mice. It is a member of TGF-β family, and it shares a high level of homology with myostatin (MSTN) a well-studied protein that regulates skeletal muscle mass and apparently minimal activity on cardiac mass. Our data showed different protein levels between cardiac and skeletal muscle tissues revealed a higher abundancy of type I TGF-β receptors (ALK4/5/7) in the heart samples. Moreover, ALK7 receptor knockout induced a significant reduction in SMAD3/4 signaling only after GDF11 treatment. These results showed a differential quantity and use of ALKs receptors, possibly explaining the higher GDF11 sensitivity of cardiomyocytes compared to skeletal myocytes. Using a model of pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy it was possible to further confirm the anti-hypertrophic activity of GDF11. Interestingly, even if with lower potency, this effect was recapitulated also by MSTN, demonstrating that both peptides have overlapping effects on cardiac tissue. Furthermore, aiming to reduce controversies regarding GDF11 and MSTN serum quantifications, we contributed to develop a novel assay based on mass spectrometry that can discriminate and quantify reliably both proteins. Using this method, it was also possible to identify an age-dependent reduction of both GDF11 and MSTN ligand in mice. In conclusion, GDF11 and MSTN share a common cardiac anti-hypertrophic activity that was not previously expected. Modulation of GDF11/MSTN signaling pathway can be considered for development of novel therapeutic strategies and new biotherapeutics.
title: Most Balanced Minimum Cuts and Partially Ordered Knapsack
Creators: name: Bonsma, Paul
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: balanced cuts
subject: partially ordered knapsack
subject: approximation algorithms

description: We consider the problem of finding most balanced cuts among minimum st-edge cuts and minimum st-vertex cuts, for given vertices s and t, according to different balance criteria. For edge cuts [S,V(G)-S] we seek to maximize min{|S|,|V(G)-S|}. For vertex cuts C of G we consider the objectives of (i) maximizing min{|S|,|T|}, where {S,T} is a partition of V(G)-C with s in S, t in T and [S,T] empty, (ii) minimizing the order of the largest component of G-C, and (iii) maximizing the order of the smallest component of G-C. All of these problems are shown to be NP-hard. We give a PTAS for the edge cut variant and for (i). We give a 2-approximation for (ii), and show that no non-trivial approximation exists for (iii) unless P=NP. To prove these results we show that we can partition the vertices of G, and define a partial order on the subsets of the partition, such that ideals of the partial order correspond bijectively to minimum st-cuts of G. This shows that the problems are closely related to Uniform Partially Ordered Knapsack (UPOK), a variant of POK where element utilities are equal to element weights. Our PTAS is also a PTAS for special types of UPOK instances.
title: Assessing mackerel abundance indices extracted from opportunistically recorded acoustic data onboard a bottom trawl survey
Creators: name: van der Kooij, Jeroen
name: Fässler, Sascha M.M.
name: Gastauer, Sven
name: Lusseau, Susan M.
name: Roel, Beatriz O.
name: Righton, David
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session B
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Fisheries acoustics provide continuous, high resolution data of the watercolumn. As acquisition of acoustic data is relatively autonomous it can provide a valuable additional source of information during expensive research surveys, irrespective of the main focus of the fieldwork. Here we present results of a case study which utilizes acoustic data, opportunistically recorded during the international bottom trawl surveys (IBTS) in the North Sea, to extract data on mackerel.
Exotic $\mathbb{Z}_N$ Symmetries, Duality, and Fractons in 3+1-Dimensional Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Seiberg, Nathan
name: Shao, Shu-Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following our earlier analyses of nonstandard continuum quantum field theories, we study here gapped systems in 3+1 dimensions, which exhibit fractonic behavior. In particular, we present three dual field theory descriptions of the low-energy physics of the X-cube model. A key aspect of our constructions is the use of discontinuous fields in the continuum field theory. Spacetime is continuous, but the fields are not.
description: 46 pages. v3: minor changes
Comprendre les performances et l'adaptation de deux variétéspopulations de tomate (S. lycopersicum) dans un système agroforestier via l'étude du microbiome racinaire dans le cadre d'une recherche participative.
Creators: name: LEMICHEZ, Solène
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: microbiome
agroforesterie
tomate
recherche participative
sélection paysanne
holobionte
amélioration des plantes
profil biochimique

description: Within the framework of the European project LIVESEED, this study aims at establishing the influence of the type of pruning applied to trees in an agroforestry system and of the grown variety of tomato on the composition of the tomato root microbiome, as well as the effect of the microbiome's structuration on the physical-biochemical quality of tomatoes. The results show an effect of pruning intensity on the biochemical profile of tomatoes, which have higher amounts of sugars, vitamin C and phenolic compounds in the non agroforestry control environment, and higher concentrations of acids under tree shade. The two tomato varieties tested (Rose de Berne and Coeur de Boeuf) have different biochemical profiles, resulting from farmer selection. The fungal communities are little influenced by the tomato variety but reveal different assemblages depending on the intensity of tree pruning, both at the community and phyla levels (Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Glomeromycetes). These differentiations are explained from an ecological point of view in order to lead to a better understanding of plant-microorganism interactions in agroforestry systems. The correlations between the physico-biochemical quality of the fruits and the structuration of the mycobiome show an impact of the diversity of Ascomycetes and the specific richness of Glomeromycetes on the biochemical profile of tomatoes. The results are discussed under the holobionte hypothesis and its influence on plant breeding, in connection with on-farm selection.
Using Noisy or Incomplete Data to Discover Models of Spatiotemporal Dynamics
Creators: name: Reinbold, Patrick A. K.
name: Gurevich, Daniel R.
name: Grigoriev, Roman O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sparse regression has recently emerged as an attractive approach for discovering models of spatiotemporally complex dynamics directly from data. In many instances, such models are in the form of nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs); hence sparse regression typically requires evaluation of various partial derivatives. However, accurate evaluation of derivatives, especially of high order, is infeasible when the data are noisy, which has a dramatic negative effect on the result of regression. We present a novel and rather general approach that addresses this difficulty by using a weak formulation of the problem. For instance, it allows accurate reconstruction of PDEs involving high-order derivatives, such as the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation, from data with a considerable amount of noise. The flexibility of our approach also allows reconstruction of PDE models that involve latent variables which cannot be measured directly with acceptable accuracy. This is illustrated by reconstructing a model for a weakly turbulent flow in a thin fluid layer, where neither the forcing nor the pressure field is known.
description: Under review at Physical Review E
A Low CMB Quadrupole from Dark Energy Isocurvature Perturbations
Creators: name: Gordon, Christopher
name: Hu, Wayne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explicate the origin of the temperature quadrupole in the adiabatic dark energy model and explore the mechanism by which scale invariant isocurvature dark energy perturbations can lead to its sharp suppression. The model requires anticorrelated curvature and isocurvature fluctuations and is favored by the WMAP data at about the 95% confidence level in a flat scale invariant model. In an inflationary context, the anticorrelation may be established if the curvature fluctuations originate from a variable decay rate of the inflaton; such models however tend to overpredict gravitational waves. This isocurvature model can in the future be distinguished from alternatives involving a reduction in large scale power or modifications to the sound speed of the dark energy through the polarization and its cross correlation with the temperature. The isocurvature model retains the same polarization fluctuations as its adiabatic counterpart but reduces the correlated temperature fluctuations. We present a pedagogical discussion of dark energy fluctuations in a quintessence and k-essence context in the Appendix.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, typos in Table 1 corrected
Organic Variety Testing - Qualitative content analysis approach to assess organic variety testing, case study of Germany
Creators: name: Gutzen, Kaja
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: variety testing
organic agriculture
cultivar trials
organic plant breeding
seeds
organic regulation
organic variety

description: This research work will contribute to a better understanding of variety testing as a potential barrier to release of organic varieties. The German system of organic registration and post-registration testing of agricultural plant and vegetable species is compared to other systems in EU Member States. Expert interviews with the Federal Plant Variety Office, three coordinators of post-registration trials of Federal State Offices, and seven breeders throughout Germany are qualitatively analysed in order to identify advantages and disadvantages of the existing testing system. Within this context, the following hypotheses are examined: (1) The definition of “organic varieties suitable for organic production”, in the new organic regulation (EU) 2018/848, represents a restriction of varieties available to organic farmers; (2) Variety testing under organic conditions is necessary to identify organic agricultural plant and vegetable species suitable for organic agriculture (OA); (3) Current DUS (distinctness, uniformity, stability) and VCU (value for cultivation and use) protocols are inadequate for assessing organic varieties. Testing criteria need to be adapted to the needs of the organic sector; and (4) EU Member States should strive for harmonised implementation and standardised methods to expand the variety assortment for the organic sector. (1) The definition for “organic varieties suitable for organic production” leaves freedom for interpretation, and thus, hampers with its uniform implementation throughout the EU. (2) Variety testing under organic conditions is necessary to identify certain traits in agricultural crops and vegetables which are important for OA. However, unclarity exists regarding the design of organic variety testing and whether organic and conventional trials can be combined in order to more efficiently reach the same conclusion. (3) Current DUS and VCU protocols are designed for crops with major economic importance and inadequate for minor crops. Alternative registration options are regarded as restrictive and do not offer the possibility of variety protection. Thus, a need is identified to adapt DUS and VCU protocols. Disagreement exists in regard to the way of adaptation. (4) Throughout the EU, variety testing takes place at different levels of organisational structure and trial design. Standardisation of organic variety testing can improve the quality of testing, and thereby, increasing the volume of organic seeds and adapted varieties. Governmental support of organic breeding and organic variety testing is crucial.
Observation of a common symmetry for the pseudogap and the superconducting order parameter near the surface of underdoped YBCO
Creators: name: Koren, G.
name: Shkedy, L.
name: Polturak, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of the angular dependence of conductance spectra in the a-b plane of underdoped YBCO junctions are reported. At zero magnetic field the superconducting gap shows a |d+is|-like symmetry. Application of a magnetic field strongly suppresses this gap leaving only the pseudogap feature which also shows a |d+is|-like angular dependence. We thus observe the same symmetry for the superconducting gap and the pseudogap characterizing the YBCO electrodes near the interface with the barrier. An H_{c2} value of about 5T of the secondary (is) order parameter can also be deduced from our results.
description: 5 Figures
title: Throughput maximization for periodic packet scheduling
Creators: name: Peis, Britta
name: Wiese, Andreas
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: throughput maximization
subject: packet routing
subject: real-time scheduling
subject: approximation algorithms
subject: trees

description: In the periodic packet routing problem a number of tasks periodically create packets which have to be transported through a network. Due to capacity constraints on the edges, it might not be possible to find a schedule which delivers all packets of all tasks in a feasible way. In this case one aims to find a feasible schedule for as many tasks as possible, or, if weights on the tasks are given, for a subset of tasks of maximal weight. In this paper we investigate this problem on trees and grids with row-column paths. We distinguish between direct schedules (i.e., schedules in which each packet is delayed only in its start vertex) and not necessarily direct schedules. For these settings we present constant factor approximation algorithms, separately for the weighted and the cardinality case.
title: An acoustic survey designed to fit a new Area Based Sandeel Management
Creators: name: Johnsen, Espen
name: Ona, Egil
name: Johannessen, Tore
name: Harbitz, Alf
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session B
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The main object of the plan is to rebuild the spawning stocks in all historical sandeel grounds to ensure the full recruitment potential of this key-species, and to increase the longterm yield of sandeel. Historical fishing patterns and local stock developments were used to define six management areas in NEEZ each consisting of two subareas (Figure 1), where the same subarea cannot be open for fishing in two subsequent years.