cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exposure Assessment of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Dust – A Study of Potential Exposure and Examination of Concentration Distribution Sieved to Particle Sizes between 500 and 38 µm
Creators: name: Anderson, Sarah
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2012

description: Background: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are additive flame retardants which are found in household and commercial products. These chemicals have the potential to leach from the product into the environment. Human health effects include neurodevelopmental changes, low birth weight and thyroid hormone changes have also been reported, although continued research in this field is needed. Humans are exposed to PBDEs through various exposure pathways and recent studies have determined that exposure to household dust is also a significant route of exposure for humans. The purpose of this study was to access the risk for PBDE intake through an exposure assessment. Also, a laboratory protocol for the fractionation and determination of PBDEs in household dust was developed and evaluated.
Methods: PBDE concentrations in indoor dust were measured and compared to previously published data on the topic. A laboratory protocol for fractionation of indoor dust and determination ?of PBDEs in indoor dust was developed. The new laboratory method was compared to a previously published lab procedure to determine its effectiveness. A p-value of <0.01 and 95% confidence intervals were used to determine statistical significance. Intake estimates were also determined for adults and children exposed at different rates.
Results: PBDEs were detected in all the house dust samples with total concentrations (sum of 12 congeners) ranging from 2,870 to 50,642 ng/g dry mass. The averaged concentrations from the six replicate sieve fractions ranged from 106 to 5,697 ng/g dry weight. Daily dust intake rates, based on previously published estimates, range from 20 to 200 mg/day for children and 0.56 to 50 mg/day for adults. Low and high estimates of the daily intake of PBDEs in children and adults were calculated using the average concentration of total PBDEs found in house dust in this study. The exposure estimates for children were approximately 371 to 3,709 ng PBDEs daily based on a mean value of 18,546 ng/g dry weight. The estimate for adults was approximately 10.4 to 927 ng/g dry weight.
Conclusions: The new laboratory protocol produces comparable results for QA/QC materials compared to a previously published protocol. Particulate size does not appear to be a significant factor in PBDE concentration and future analysis may only need dust particles to be sieved to one or two sizes (i.e. 500 um and 125 um). Based on the potential intake calculations for children and adults, dust appears to be a significant route of exposure for PBDEs and analysis of additional dust samples will broaden the scope of available data for this method.
Identifying Data Needs to Support the Public Health Program of First Care
Creators: name: Ulysse, Rachele
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2011

description: Background: First Care (FC) is a Georgia (GA) public health (PH) program funded by Title V Block Grant, whose main purpose is to provide collaborative skilled PH services for infants with LBW and VLBW (low and very low birth weight) as well as those considered at high risk for illness and disabilities.
Purpose:
1.  Describe current health outcomes of GA infants less than one years of age.
* Current baselines of IMR (infant mortality rate), preterm, very low birth weight (VLBW) and low birth weight (LBW) births
2.  Use data to inform FC program in order to improve overall health outcomes in LBW, VLBW and preterm infants less than 1 years of age in GA as well as IMR.
* Identifying common diagnoses and reasons for the hospitalization of infants less than one.
Methods:
Several online secondary data sources containing GA birth outcomes were evaluated. These sources were used to produce most current or 2008, GA and national profiles on health outcomes such as IMR, preterm, LBW and VLBW births. SAS was used to evaluate OHIP (Office of Health Information and Policy) hospital discharges in 2008 to determine common diagnosis affecting GA children under 1 years of age.
Results:
National comparisons of health outcomes revealed that GA consistently ranks below the national average for IMR, preterm, VLBW, and LBW births. GA’s poor health outcomes are also seen when compared to Healthy People 2010 objectives. A comparison of GA public health districts (PHD) health outcomes demonstrates lagging indicators mainly in the southern and midsection (central section) of GA. This study also revealed racial disparities indicating Blacks falling behind in all health outcomes when compared to Whites and Hispanics. Statistical analysis of hospital discharges showed that the top 25 discharges reflect common conditions that affect high-risk infants such as preterm, VLBW and LBW infants. Higher rates of morbidity were found in the southern and central PHDs of GA.
Conclusion:
The purpose for FC is to provide current data baselines on health outcomes of GA infants less than one year of age, as well as information regarding current hospitalizations. Current results are only preliminary findings underscoring the need for continued research. By emphasizing their need for monitoring will allow FC to focus on this critical role that will only grow with an expanding population in GA.
Impact of Insurance Status on Childhood Immunization Uptake
Creators: name: Webb, Lindsey
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2012

description: Economic barriers remain an obstacle to ensuring that children in the United States are protected against vaccine-preventable diseases. Disparities persist despite programs in place to alleviate them, such as the Vaccines for Children program, which provides free vaccines for eligible children.  Using data from the 2010 National Immunization Survey, this study addresses whether insurance status has an impact on immunization uptake by investigating associations between vaccine receipt and insurance type, VFC eligibility, and insurance continuity.  Logistic regression was performed using possible important factors suggested in the literature.  Among children in the national sample, results showed strong associations between up-to-date immunization status and insurance type, VFC eligibility, and insurance continuity, suggesting that additional steps must be taken to alleviate disparities in vaccine receipt.  Regression analysis showed child’s age group, insurance continuity, and number of vaccine providers to be the strongest predictors of up-to-date status among children in the national sample.
An Analysis of the Relationship between Socioeconomic Status and Skin Cancer Using the Health Information National Trends Survey, 2005
Creators: name: Ruoff, Erin
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2012

description: Background: Skin cancer is one of the most preventable forms of cancer yet for certain types of skin cancers, it can be fatal if it goes untreated. While ultraviolet radiation is the main cause of skin cancer, there are several other risk factors, including sunburn history, smoking, environmental pollutants, family history, personal history, and skin color. Practicing sun protection behaviors and receiving regular skin cancer screenings can prevent the cancer from ever developing. This study examines the demographic and socioeconomic status risk factors for skin cancer.
Methods: The Health Information National Trends Survey data was used from 2005. Using this secondary dataset, chi-square analysis was performed to determine the prevalence of skin cancer within the demographic categories of age and race/ethnicity as well as socioeconomic status indicators educational attainment, annual household income, employment status, and marital status. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the correlations of the variables with skin cancer. A p-value of 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval were maintained throughout the analyses to determine any statistical significance.
Results: Of the 3,804 respondents who answered the question related to cancer diagnosis, 226 indicated they had a positive skin cancer diagnosis, which was 5.94% of the total sample. Skin cancer and increased age were consistently associated (?2 (2) = 171.5, p<.001). The skin cancer peak prevalence was for all those respondents aged 65 and older. Higher educational attainment and higher annual household income were associated with greater likelihood of skin cancer. 
Conclusions: This study revealed that skin cancer is significantly associated with increased age, higher educational attainment, and higher annual household income. Implementing consistent screening practices and targeted behavioral interventions are important areas for health focus in the future.
Atropos: Effective Fuzzing of Web Applications for Server-Side Vulnerabilities.
Creators: name: Güler, Emre
name: Schumilo, Sergej
name: Schloegel, Moritz
name: Bars, Nils
name: Goerz, Philipp
name: Xu, Xinyi
name: Kaygusuz, Cemal
name: Holz, Thorsten
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: Server-side web applications are still predominantly implemented in the PHP programming language. Even nowadays, PHP-based web applications are plagued by many different types of security vulnerabilities, ranging from SQL injection to file inclusion and remote code execution. Automated security testing methods typically focus on static analysis and taint analysis. These methods are highly dependent on accurate modeling of the PHP language and often suffer from (potentially many) false positive alerts. Interestingly, dynamic testing techniques such as fuzzing have not gained acceptance in web applications testing, even though they avoid these common pitfalls and were rapidly adopted in other domains, e. g., for testing native applications written in C/C++.

In this paper, we present ATROPOS, a snapshot-based, feedback-driven fuzzing method tailored for PHP-based web applications. Our approach considers the challenges associated with web applications, such as maintaining session state and generating highly structured inputs. Moreover, we propose a feedback mechanism to automatically infer the key-value structure used by web applications. Combined with eight new bug oracles, each covering a common class of vulnerabilities in server-side web applications, ATROPOS is the first approach to fuzz web applications effectively and efficiently. Our evaluation shows that ATROPOS significantly outperforms the current state of the art in web application testing. In particular, it finds, on average, at least 32% more bugs, while not reporting a single false positive on different test suites. When analyzing real-world web applications, we identify seven previously unknown vulnerabilities that can be exploited even by unauthenticated users.
Training Mothers Recovering from Substance Abuse to Identify and Treat Their Children’s Illnesses
Creators: name: Strong, Lela
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2012

description: Parents who abuse drugs and alcohol are at increased risk of child maltreatment, including the neglect of their children’s health. The present research investigates the effectiveness of the SafeCare® Health module in training mothers with a history of substance abuse living in a residential treatment facility to correctly identify and treat their children’s illnesses. Three mothers of children ages 5-years-old and younger participated in the study. Using a multiple-baseline, single-case experimental design, the research team examined the participants’ ability to select the most appropriate course of action for addressing their children’s illnesses.  Results indicate that parents’ skills increased steadily during the intervention, with two of the three participating parents demonstrating mastery of the skills presented. The results suggest that this intervention has great potential to be feasible and effective with this population in this setting. Future research should further investigate the relevance of this intervention with vulnerable populations living in a residential setting to examine whether the changes in targeted parenting skills result in changes in behavior that impact child maltreatment incidence reductions.
00SEVen -- Re-enabling Virtual Machine Forensics: Introspecting Confidential VMs Using Privileged in-VM Agents
Creators: name: Schwarz, Fabian
name: Rossow, Christian
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460404
subject: Digital forensics
classificationCode: 460407
subject: System and network security

description: The security guarantees of confidential VMs (e.g., AMD's SEV) are a double-edged sword: Their protection against undesired VM inspection by malicious or compromised cloud operators inherently renders existing VM introspection (VMI) services infeasible. However, considering that these VMs particularly target sensitive workloads (e.g., finance), their customers demand secure forensic capabilities.

In this paper, we enable VM owners to remotely inspect their confidential VMs without weakening the VMs' protection against the cloud platform. In contrast to naïve in-VM memory aggregation tools, our approach (dubbed 00SEVen) is isolated from strong in-VM attackers and thus resistant against kernel-level attacks, and it provides VMI features beyond memory access. 00SEVen leverages the recent intra-VM privilege domains of AMD SEV-SNP—called VMPLs—and extends the QEMU/KVM hypervisor to provide VMPL-aware network I/O and VMI-assisting hypercalls. That way, we can serve VM owners with a protected in-VM forensic agent. The agent provides VM owners with attested remote memory and VM register introspection, secure pausing of the analysis target, and page access traps and function traps, all isolated from the cloud platform (incl. hypervisor) and in-VM rootkits.
Steps to Evaluate the Emory Breast Center Cancer Education Class
Creators: name: Ogden, Jillian
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2011

description: Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) data estimates that 207,090 women will be diagnosed with and 39,840 women will die of cancer of the breast in 2011.  Cancer can be a very intimidating illness and cause a great deal of anxiety. This anxiety can sometimes progress into a very serious medical problem.  Interpersonal relationships, such as that between a patient and provider can influence health behavior.  Communication functions of patient-provider communication such as, information exchange, uncertainty management, can improve health outcomes both directly and indirectly.  For example, cancer education can help ease anxiety by familiarizing the patient with their particular condition. Additionally, cancer education classes facilitate support networks for both the diagnosed and those close to them.  Increasing the patient’s knowledge and showing them they are not alone are both examples of proximal outcomes that lead to immediate outcomes to improve patient satisfaction.   The breast health education class at Winship Cancer Institute came about in an effort to coordinate breast cancer care for all patients. The class prides itself on not telling patients ‘what’ to do but rather providing them with the basic facts regarding breast cancer care so that they can be more educated on their treatment options. The goal and/or overall mission of The Breast Cancer Education (BCE) Class for the Diagnosed Patient and her Significant Others is to reduce anxiety by providing breast cancer education and promoting advocacy for breast cancer patients, while providing a network of support and increasing enrollment in clinical trials.   The purpose of this capstone project is to provide the tools to perform an impact evaluation on the breast cancer education class and its effectiveness in improving breast cancer patient health outcomes while examining the benefits of patient-provider communication in cancer education.
Demographic Associations of Tobacco Use Among Georgia Secondary Students
Creators: name: Cowart, Michael
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2011

description: As in years past, use of tobacco remains the leading cause of preventable death in this country. Smoking has been associated with elevated risks of 15 other forms of and has also been identified as a major cause of such chronic conditions as cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, bronchitis and emphysema. In 2008, an estimated 8.6 million Americans suffered from smoking-related chronic conditions (American Cancer Society, 2010).
As 80% of tobacco use begins in adolescence (Villanti, Boulay & Juon, 2010), this age group has long been the focus of intervention efforts. Furthermore, animal studies suggest that the adolescent brain is at increased risk for developing an addiction to nicotine compared to an adult brain (Morrell, Song & Halpern-Felsher, 2011). Additional studies have demonstrated that the younger an adolescent begins smoking, the more likely he is to become a regular smoker and less likely to quit smoking (Brown et al., 2010). The public health opportunity for primary and secondary prevention intervention is clear.
            To track adolescent risk-taking in the state, The Georgia Department of Education administers the Georgia Student Health Survey II [GSHS II] throughout all school districts. The purpose of this thesis study was to examine known smoking risk factors using the GSHS data in order to assess associations using an adolescent sample. Findings demonstrated that age, gender, and urbanicity were associated with smoking. Findings from this study provide insights for programming that can be tailored to meet the needs of adolescent subgroups that may be vulnerable to smoking initiation.
Supplementary document for A Monte Carlo-Transformed Field Expansion Method for Simulating Electromagnetic Wave Scattering by Multi-layered Random Media - 5947722.pdf
Creators: name: Ulmer, Kelsey
name: Lin, Junshan
name: Nicholls, David
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Transparent TSN for Agnostic End-hosts via P4-based Traffic Characterization at Switches
Creators: name: Brulhart, Cornelia
name: Bülbül, Nurefşan Sertbaş
name: Fischer, Mathias
name: Tippenhauer, Nils Ole
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: Mission-critical networks currently face a transition
from legacy network protocols to advanced time-sensitive networking (TSN) standards. TSN guarantees reliable and deterministic communication using off-the-shelf Ethernet equipment. However, end-hosts must be TSN-aware and may pose security risks by arbitrarily over-allocating resources. Integrating central instances like a software-defined networking (SDN) controller into TSN networks to streamline network management presents a promising solution. This raises concerns regarding latency in communication between switches and the controller, as well as among switches themselves. To address this, we propose an approach that renders TSN transparent to end-hosts, eliminating the need for their involvement in resource reservations. We embed packet processing logic in P4-enabled TSN switches to characterize network traffic intelligently. This enables switches to allocate network resources autonomously and adjust real-time traffic handling mechanisms. Leveraging P4 storage structures introduces statefulness for traffic characterization computing within the inherently stateless P4 language. Our experiments demonstrate that our P4-enhanced switches require a minimal 0.014 MB of switch memory to distinguish between periodic and non-periodic traffic with an 80% precision while incurring a mere 0.2 ms forwarding latency per packet.
A Comparison of Indicators of Female Empowerment and Selected Socioeconomic Indicators in India from the 1998-1999 and the 2005-2006 Demographic and Health Surveys
Creators: name: Kroell, Katherine
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2011

description: The purpose of this study was to compare indicators of female empowerment gathered in the Demographic Health Survey, conducted in India as the National Family Health Survey.   The National Family Health Survey (NFHS) is a country-wide, nationally representative survey that collects important information on household characteristics, health information, and other topics, such as family planning.  Two different years, NFHS-2 in 1999 and NFHS-3 in 2006, of the NFHS were compared to examine areas of progress, change, or lack of change in the selected indicators of female empowerment. Specifically, the level of decision-making and autonomy was assessed through the questions located in the Women’s Questionnaire of the NFHS.  These data sets from NFHS-2 and NFHS-3 were used in this research.  Two specific questions were selected as indicators of the level of independent decision-making for currently married women who participated in the survey.  These questions pertained to the decision on personal healthcare and the ability to choose independently to stay with relatives.  The logistical regression model revealed a positive change in the level of decision-making between the two survey years, with the range of odds ratios being 0.90 to 1.36.    The largest difference occurred in the rural residents.  In both measures, the youngest women had the smallest percentage of individuals with high autonomy and mobility.  Overall, the study revealed an increase in the decision-making power of women but the majority of women still lack a high degree of freedom and autonomy.
Parental, Peer, and Tobacco Marketing Influences on Adolescent Smoking in South Africa
Creators: name: Morrison, Reynolds
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2011

description: Tobacco use is a major preventable cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Most smokers initiate smoking in childhood, become addicted, and continue the habit into adulthood. Various factors have been shown to impact smoking behavior. It is important to determine how these factors impact smoking behavior in developing regions of the world, such as in South Africa. This study examines the association between parental smoking status; peer smoking status; exposure to pro-tobacco marketing; and current smoking status among adolescents in South Africa. It also determines which factor is the most significant predictor of current smoking status among the study population and further examines the trends in these factors among survey populations from 1999 – 2008.
Secondary analysis was conducted on data obtained from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between the independent variables; parental smoking status, peer smoking status, and exposure to pro-tobacco marketing; and the dependent variable, current smoking status, controlling for other factors.
 Adolescents who had at least a parent or a friend who smoked had greater odds of being current smokers as compared to those who had neither a parent nor a friend who smoked. Similarly, exposure to average and high levels of pro-tobacco marketing was associated with greater odds of an adolescent being a current smoker as compared to exposure to low levels of pro-tobacco marketing. Maternal smoking appeared to have a greater impact on adolescent smoking behavior as compared to paternal smoking. Also, peer smoking had the greatest impact on smoking behavior as compared to the other independent factors. Smoking rates among South African adolescents has decreased from 23% in 1999 to about 17% in 2008. Similarly, the proportion of adolescents who had a parent or a friend who smoked, or had been exposed to average and high levels of pro-tobacco marketing has also decreased over the same period.
Programs must be implemented to educate parents on how their smoking behavior is being transmitted to their children, with a special focus on maternal influences. Tobacco use prevention campaigns aimed at the youth should also be implemented, and laws restricting tobacco marketing must be enforced.
Supplementary document for A Monte Carlo-Transformed Field Expansion Method for Simulating Electromagnetic Wave Scattering by Multi-layered Random Media - 5947722.pdf
Creators: name: Ulmer, Kelsey
name: Lin, Junshan
name: Nicholls, David
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Changes in Sexual Risk Perception and Risk Taking Among Urban African American Adolescents
Creators: name: Steen, Rosa
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2012

description: Background: Adolescents and young adults aged 15 to 24 acquire nearly half of all new  STDs in the United States, yet they represent only 25% of the sexually active population.  Young men and women in this age group have the highest rates of chlamydia, gonorrhea,  and syphilis, especially in the African American population. Adolescent risk factors  include having a history of pregnancy or STDs, being arrested or incarcerated, substance  abuse, early sexual debut and having 4 or more lifetime sexual partners. Protective  behaviors such as parental involvement, school enrollment, and consistent condom use  have been associated with decreased incidence of STDs. The purpose of this study is to  observe changes in adolescent behaviors and experiences that are known risk factors for  acquiring sexually transmitted diseases. The aim is to identify the time at which STD  prevention interventions may be administered most effectively. In addition, the study  aims to identify relevant themes and content that may be useful in creating interventions  targeted to different age groups and genders. 
Methods: This study utilizes primary data collected between 1999 and 2003 by Dr.  Rothenberg and colleagues for a community-based network study of low-income African  American adolescents living in a working class neighborhood in Southwest Atlanta. Two  descriptive analyses were conducted: a period analysis in which all participants ages 15  to 18 who completed any or all of three interviews were included; and a cohort analysis,  which included only participants who completed three interviews and who were 15, 16,  17 or 18 years of age at the time of the first interview. Univariate analysis was used to  describe each variable and the resulting frequencies and percentages were reported.         
Results: In both period and cohort analyses, higher proportions of older adolescents   (ages 17 and 18) reported engaging in risky behaviors including drinking alcohol, using  marijuana, having sex and having multiple sexual partners, compared to younger  adolescents (ages 15 and 16). Males reported higher proportions of engaging in risky  behaviors than females, but also higher proportions of condom use. The proportion of  participants diagnosed with one or more STDs decreased at each interview. In the cohort  analysis, the proportion of participants who perceived their STD risk as “medium” or  “high” increased over time.    
Conclusions: The findings suggest that as adolescents mature they engage in a greater  variety of risky behaviors known to have a positive association to STD diagnosis. Period  analyses, which have usually been done to study the sexual behaviors of adolescents, may  give aberrant results that are clearer when the population is studied as a cohort. Future  studies are needed to more precisely identify the period during which adolescents  experience rapid changes in their risk behaviors.
Beyond the Bekenstein Bound: Prime-Driven Structured Resonance as the Fundamental Ordering Principle of Information and Entropy
Creators: name: Bostick, Devin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Bekenstein Bound
Black Hole Thermodynamics
Quantum Entropy
Holographic Principle
Prime-Driven Resonance
Structured Resonance Physics
Resonance Field Theory
Non-Probabilistic Thermodynamics
ntropy as Structured Emergence
Hawking Radiation and Resonance
Dark Matter and Structured Information Flow
AI and Deterministic Cognition
Wavelet Coherence in Information Theory

description: Main Paper: Link

Abstract

The Bekenstein Bound proposed that the maximum information content of a finite region of space is determined by its surface area, not its volume, leading to the holographic principle. This shift reframed information as the fundamental constraint on physical systems rather than matter or energy. It suggested that entropy, rather than being an inherent measure of disorder, is a function of informational constraints at the boundaries of a system. However, existing models that incorporate this bound still rely on probability, treating entropy as a stochastic process governed by statistical mechanics. These interpretations assume that uncertainty is a fundamental property of nature rather than an emergent effect of incomplete structural alignment.

Recent refinements propose a toroidal representation of entropy, arguing that physical systems favor structured rotational flows, vortices, and spirals over simple spherical constraints. This development reflects a growing recognition that entropy is not merely an abstract statistical measure but is subject to deeper geometric and topological constraints. The toroidal model acknowledges that energy and information distributions follow organized patterns rather than purely random dispersal. However, despite this refinement, these approaches fail to eliminate the underlying dependence on probabilistic mechanics and continue to frame entropy within the paradigm of uncertainty and statistical randomness.

This paper presents a deterministic framework for information and entropy, governed by prime-driven structured resonance. We argue that structured resonance—not stochastic entropy—dictates the fundamental limits of information storage, transfer, and dissipation. By introducing prime-resonant phase-locking as the foundational ordering principle, we demonstrate that information constraints arise from structured interference patterns rather than probabilistic uncertainty. This perspective eliminates the necessity of randomness in entropy models and replaces it with a structured, chirally-constrained mechanism of phase interactions. In doing so, we establish that entropy is not a measure of disorder but a function of resonance alignment, and that probability is an emergent illusion caused by phase misalignment rather than an intrinsic feature of physical law.
“You received $100,000 from Johnny”: A Mixed-Methods Study on Push Notification Security and Privacy in Android Apps
Creators: name: Neteler, Thomas
name: Fahl, Sascha
name: Iacono, Luigi Lo
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: Push notifications are widely used in Android apps to show users timely and potentially sensitive information outside the apps’ regular user interface. Google’s Firebase Cloud Messaging (FCM) is the default service for sending push notification messages to Android devices. While it does provide transport layer security, it does not offer message protection to prevent access or detect modifications by the push notification service provider or other entities-in-the-middle. App developers need to implement their own message protection schemes to protect the content from such threats. We present and discuss an in-depth mixed-methods study of push notification message security and privacy in Android apps. We statically analyze a representative set of 100,000 up-to-date and popular Android apps from Google Play to get an overview of push notification usage in the wild. In an in-depth follow-up analysis of 60 apps, we gain detailed insights into the leaked content and what some developers do to protect the messages. We find that (a) about half of the analyzed apps use push notifications, (b) about half of the in-depth analyzed messaging apps do not protect their push notifications, allowing access to sensitive data that jeopardizes users’ security and privacy and (c) the means of protection lack a standardized approach, manifesting in various developer-defined encryption schemes, custom protocols, or out-of-band communication methods. Our research provides initial insights into the use of end-to-end protection of push notifications in practice. It highlights gaps in developer-centric security regarding appropriate technologies and supporting measures that researchers and platform providers should address.
Comparison of Screening Methods for Pre-diabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Race/Ethnicity and Gender
Creators: name: Heath, Ashleigh
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2012

description: INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES: Current screening guidelines for pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus note that there are discrepancies in diagnosing the disease using the fasting plasma glucose test, oral glucose tolerance test, and HbA1c in high-risk populations. The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of screening methods for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and pre-diabetes by race/ethnicity and gender.
METHODS: Secondary analyses of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2005-2008) were performed using SPSS 19.0. Screening outcomes were assessed and compared for a sample of n=10,566, NHW, NHB, MA, and Multiracial/other men and women. Analyses included cross tabulations, ANOVA and partial correlations to establish disease prevalence, effectiveness of screenings, and statistical significance.
RESULTS:  It was found that the HbA1c test is comparable in precision, and is correlated with the FPG for racial and ethnic minorities. The specificities for detecting pre-diabetes using the HbA1c were higher  (64-66%) for these groups than by using the standard, FPG screening method (42-49%). There were no strong, significant differences  for screening effectiveness for men versus women.  
DISCUSSION: This study revealed that the HbA1c test might be an effective method for screening for pre-diabetes in racial and ethnic minorities instead of the FPG test alone. Screening in high-risk populations will help delay the onset of T2DM, with increased prevention during the pre-clinical phase.
Asthma Prevalence: Focus on Prevention Management in Community Settings
Creators: name: Amenyah, Augustine
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2011

description: Asthma prevalence continues to increase across the United States of America, affecting more than 43.1 million people and projected to affect over 50 million people by 2025. Asthma prevalence differs by demographic characteristics, such as race, ethnicity, socio-economic status, education, age and gender. Poor quality of life is common among people who suffer from asthma, in addition to school and work absenteeism. In 2008, children 5-17 years old with at least one reported asthma attack missed 10.5 million school days in the past year (CDC, 2010). Healthcare use for asthma is high and disparities remain in asthma healthcare use and reimbursement. In community settings, reimbursement for asthma education and prevention has been problematic due to current reimbursement mechanisms (Bodenheimer et al. (2003); Halterman (2010); CDC (2011) and Laster et al. 2010) that do not go far enough in assisting low-income communities manage their asthma medically nor have uniform standards for billable services associated with asthma management provided by both healthcare professionals and public health workers. A change in reimbursement policy is advocated and the evidence for the effectiveness of community health workers in asthma management is examined.
Resolving the N-Body Problem: A Recursive Model for Stability, Energy Conservation, and Scalability
Creators: name: Prakash, Prashant
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: N-body problem
Three-body problem
Recursive stability model
Phase-locked periodic motion
Self-referential recursion
Energy conservation in N-body systems
Computational efficiency in gravitational simulations
Chaos prevention in celestial mechanics
Celestial mechanics
Orbital stability in planetary systems
Interstellar trajectory optimization
Galactic evolution modeling
Stellar cluster dynamics
High-performance computing for astrophysics
AI-driven astrophysical simulations
Quantum gravity-inspired N-body modeling
Adaptive timestep integration
Leapfrog integration for stability
Scalable N-body simulation algorithms

description: The N-body problem, including the long-standing three-body problem, has posed significant challenges in celestial mechanics due to its chaotic divergence, energy drift, and high computational complexity. This paper presents a Self-Referential Recursive Model, which first resolves the complexities of the three-body problem by enforcing phase-locked periodic motion and dynamically correcting deviations. Building upon this, we extend the framework to resolve the general N-body problem, ensuring long-term stability, energy conservation, and scalability in large-scale gravitational systems.

Traditional solvers—including Runge-Kutta methods, symplectic integrators, and Barnes-Hut algorithms—struggle with energy drift and computational inefficiency as NNN increases. Our approach reduces computational complexity from O(N^2) to O(Nlog⁡N) while maintaining numerical accuracy, making it possible to simulate 100+ interacting bodies without requiring renormalization.

We validate this model through extensive numerical simulations, demonstrating its effectiveness in solving the three-body problem, extending it to multi-body planetary system formation, interstellar trajectory optimization, and large-scale galactic evolution. Additionally, we explore future research directions, including AI-assisted astrophysical simulations, quantum gravity-inspired modifications, and relativistic extensions for high-energy gravitational systems.

By resolving both the three-body and general N-body problem, this work offers a scalable, energy-conserving, and computationally efficient framework for next-generation celestial mechanics and astrophysical modeling.

🔗 Collaboration Details

🔹 LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/prashantprakash28/🔹 Author: Prashant Prakash🔹 Institution/Affiliation: Independent Research🔹 Open for peer feedback and collaborations In:

AI-driven astrophysical simulations

Quantum gravity-inspired modifications to N-body solvers

High-performance computing for large-scale celestial mechanics

AI-assisted trajectory optimization for interstellar navigation
Risk Factor Clustering Among Adolescents Infected with or At-Risk for Chlamydia: A descriptive study
Creators: name: Wilson, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2011

description: STDs are a major public health epidemic in the United States with an estimated 19 million new cases occurring annually. Associated direct medical costs are estimated at $17 billion annually (CDC, 2010). Chlamydia is the most prevalent of all STDs and is also the most reported notifiable disease in the United States. While adolescents only account for an estimated 25% of the sexually active population, they account for nearly half of the 19 million cases. The higher prevalence of STDs among adolescents is most likely a reflection of multiple issues within a national socio-economic context. Additionally, the burden is even more disproportionate when examined by race. African American adolescents aged 15-19 experience the greatest burden of STDs. The purpose of this study is to examine proportions of risk behaviors reported among groups and the differences that are found. From the estimation of differences that were determined substantial, an analysis of was conducted in order to determine if adolescents in the study population exhibit clustering in regard to risk behaviors for STD acquisition and describe the where the potential clustering occurs as well as identify which factors that may serve as important indicators for STD positivity among this population. This paper examines data that was collected as part of a National Institute of Health grant-funded project entitled: “Behavioral Clustering in Adolescents with STDs”, conducted by Dr. Richard Rothenberg, Principal Investigator. This paper presents descriptive statistics for selected behavioral characteristics for four groups from the original study and each group’s contacts. The proportions for each characteristic are also analyzed for to see if behavioral clustering occurs within and between groups. The scope of this paper does not allow for the statement of conclusive results however, substantial differences did exist for variables among each sub group. Comparing data by group cluster and interview type proved to reveal the most about the study population. Negative males and their contacts may have extensive clustering as this group was only found to have substantial differences for two variables. Comparison of the positive and negative ego groups for both males and females also indicated clustering as only two (ego females) and three (ego males) variables were found to be substantially different. Proportions for variables regarding education, incarceration, sexual initiation, and number of partners were compared between several groupings of the study population. This paper recommends further analysis of the data in order to identify the patterns of assortativity which will be valuable in understanding the STD transmission dynamics among the social and sexual networks of the adolescents in the study population as well as have important implications on future research.
Odorrana concelata Wang, Zeng & Lin 2022
Creators: name: Song, Han-Ming
name: Qi, Shuo
name: Wang, Hao-Tian
name: Gong, Yue-Ning
name: Liu, Yang
name: Wang, Ying-Yong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Ranidae
Odorrana
Odorrana concelata

description: Odorrana concelata Wang, Zeng & Lin, 2022
Related literature.
Lin et al. 2022.
Type materials.
Holotype. GEP a 055, adult male, from Longlinchang Village (24°04'47"N, 112°40'37"E; 280 m a. s. l.), Jintan Town, Qingxin District, Qingyuan City, Guangdong Province, China. Paratypes. (n = 5): GEP a 052, GEP a 053, GEP a 054, adult males and GEP a 050, GEP a 051, adult females, from the same locality as the holotype.
Additional specimens.
SYS a 009107, adult male and SYS a 009108, adult female, both from Longlinchang Village, Jintan Town, Qingxin District, Qingyuan City, Guangdong Province, China.
Variation.
Our morphological analyses of additional specimens of this species provided new morphometric data (Table 2) and suggested the overall morphology of these specimens is generally consistent with the previous description (Lin et al. 2022). However, a few morphological revisions were also suggested. Our morphological examination revealed pineal ocellus invisible in SYS a 009107, tibiotarsal articulation reaching the region between eye and nostril when hind-limb stretched along the side of body in SYS a 009108 and fingers II – IV and toes I – V with lateroventral grooves and finger I without groove in both additional specimens, which differ from previous descriptions of pineal ocellus visible, tibiotarsal articulation reaching nostril and all fingers and toes with circum-marginal grooves (Lin et al. 2022), respectively.
Revised diagnosis.
This species can be diagnosed from other species of Odorrana lipuensis group by the combination of following morphological characteristics: (1) body size small, SVL 33.9–36.8 mm in adult males (n = 5) and 41.3–46.0 mm in adult females (n = 3); (2) relative finger length I ≥ II; (3) dorsolateral folds absent in both sexes; (4) bands on the dorsal surface of hind-limb clear; and (5) nuptial pads present on fingers I, II and III, the nuptial pad on finger II from the subarticular tubercle to fingertip not connecting with the nuptial pad on finger I.
Distribution.
This species is currently found only in its type locality, Longlinchang Village, Qingyuan City, Guangdong, China (Fig. 1).
description: Published as part of Song, Han-Ming, Qi, Shuo, Wang, Hao-Tian, Gong, Yue-Ning, Liu, Yang & Wang, Ying-Yong, 2025, Definition and taxonomic revision of the karst-associated Odorrana lipuensis group (Anura, Ranidae), with a new species from Guangdong, China, pp. 935-952 in Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (3) on pages 935-952, DOI: 10.3897/zse.101.142746
Asteroide 2024 YR4: Modelagem Matemática e Investigação de Possíveis Alterações
Creators: name: Matuchaki
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Descrição do Artigo:

Este artigo apresenta uma análise detalhada da trajetória do asteroide 2024 YR4, investigando possíveis aproximações e desvios orbitais até 2032.
Land Use and Urbanization Patterns in an Established Enzootic Raccoon Rabies Area
Creators: name: Duke, John
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2012

description: We analyzed how land-use patterns and changes in urbanization influence positive raccoon rabies cases in an established enzootic area.  County resolution was used and the study area included all 159 counties in Georgia.  We obtained data on raccoons submitted from 2006 through 2010 for testing at the state public health labs due to exposure incidents with people or domesticated animals.  The land-use patterns were extracted from the US Geological Survey’s National Land Cover Database from both 2001 and 2006.  Odds ratios were calculated on 16 land-use variables that included natural topography, agricultural development, and urbanization.  An additional variable, Submissions/Population density, was used to normalize counties and to account for population bias associated with rabies surveillance.  The use of this demographic variable was substantiated by GIS clustering analysis.  The outcome variable was heavily right skewed and over dispersed and therefore a negative binomial regression was used in this count statistics technique.  The final analysis showed that low intensity residential development is associated with raccoon rabies cases while evergreen forest offers protection.   This study supports the hypothesis that the raccoon rabies enzootic is maintained in those edge ecosystems of urbanization.  It is advocated here that the public health animal rabies database to include GPS coordinates when reporting wildlife rabies submissions for testing to improve the resolution when studying the disease ecology of enzootic rabies.
The Association between Mobility and HIV Risk: an Analysis of Ten High Prevalence ZIP Codes of Atlanta, Georgia
Creators: name: Rencher, William
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2012

description: Studies from developing countries disagree on whether mobility is a risk factor or a protective factor for HIV risk.  The difference is often determined by gender.  Few studies exist, however, examining the relationship among high risk populations in developed nations.  This study seeks to examine that relationship in 10 high risk ZIP codes of Atlanta, Georgia using data gathered from the Geography Project by Rothenberg and colleagues.  Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between HIV risk and five independent variables of mobility.  Results were stratified by gender.  After controlling for demographic and behavioral variables, use of public transportation by men was significantly protective of HIV risk.  Significant associations were also observed with ever injection drug use and recent condom use, indicating that high risk behaviors may be the real driver of the epidemic in these neighborhoods.