cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mixture models for analysing high throughput sequencing data
Creators: name: Zhang, Xuekui
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The goal of my thesis is to develop methods and software for analysing high-throughput sequencing data, emphasizing sonicated ChIP-seq. For this goal, we developed a few variants of mixture models for genome-wide profiling of transcription factor binding sites and nucleosome positions. Our methods have been implemented into Bioconductor packages, which are freely available to other researchers. For profiling transcription factor binding sites, we developed a method, PICS, and implemented it into a Bioconductor package. We used a simulation study to confirm that PICS compares favourably to rival methods, such as MACS, QuEST, CisGenome, and USeq. Using published GABP and FOXA1 data from human cell lines, we then show that PICS predicted binding sites were more consistent with computationally predicted binding motifs than the alternative methods. For motif discovery using transcription binding sites, we combined PICS with two other existing packages to create the first complete set of Bioconductor tools for peak-calling and binding motif analysis of ChIP-Seq and ChIP-chip data. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our pipeline on published human ChIP-Seq datasets for FOXA1, ER, CTCF and STAT1, detecting co-occurring motifs that were consistent with the literature but not detected by other methods. For nucleosome positioning, we modified PICS into a method called PING. PING can handle MNase-Seq and MNase- or sonicated-ChIP-Seq data. It compares favourably to NPS and TemplateFilter in scalability, accuracy and robustness to low read density. To demonstrate that PING predictions from sonicated data can have sufficient spatial resolution to be biologically meaningful, we use H3K4me1 data to detect nucleosome shifts, discriminate functional and non-functional transcription factor binding sites, and confirm that Foxa2 associates with the accessible major groove of nucleosomal DNA. All of the above uses single-end sequencing data. At the end of the thesis, we briefly discuss the issue of processing paired-end data, which we are currently investigating.
On Capacity Value of Energy-Limited Resources in Capacity Markets
Creators: name: Awara, Sarah
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Capacity Value
subject: Capacity Credit
subject: Capacity Markets
subject: Wind
subject: Energy storage
subject: Renewables
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical

description: Resource Adequacy is one of the key components of generation system planning. The question to be answered: is there enough installed capacity to meet the demand. As energy-limited generation resources, namely wind, solar and energy storage, are increasing, system operators are concerned about the reliability of supply due to the limited operation of energy-limited resources on a continuous basis. Estimating the contribution of these resources to the power system, also known as capacity value, to ensure adequate supply is of interest to researchers and system operators. In the literature, the capacity value of energy-limited resources in different jurisdictions around the world have been analyzed using different methods. It is important to understand the characteristics of the power system under study to determine the appropriate capacity value method. In this thesis, the capacity value of energy-limited resources based on Alberta's power system is analyzed. This work has been motivated by the newly-designed capacity market in Alberta. Therefore, this thesis focuses on determining the capacity value of these energy-limited resources using the probabilistic-based Effective Load Carrying Capability (ELCC) method and Alberta's capacity market design proposed approximation-based Capacity Factor (CF) method. The capacity value on a facility level using these two methods and the impact of the capacity value from the CF method on the capacity payments based on Alberta's capacity market design is assessed. The annual capacity payments are determined based on the performance assessment of these resources during the period 2012-2017. Then, the capacity value of bulk energy-limited resources on the power system using the ELCC and CF methods is also analyzed. The results obtained from this thesis show that the two methods used do not yield similar capacity values. Also, based on the performance assessment, the systems with aggregated wind and storage receive the highest capacity payments and the wind assets receive the lowest capacity payments among the scenarios presented in this thesis.
Colloidal aggregation in microgravity by critical Casimir forces
Creators: name: Veen, Sandra J.
name: Antoniuk, Oleg
name: Weber, Bart
name: Potenza, Marco
name: Mazzoni, Stefano
name: Schall, Peter
name: Wegdam, Gerard H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using the critical Casimir force, we study the attractive strength dependent aggregation of colloids with and without gravity by means of Near Field scattering. Significant differences were seen between microgravity and ground experiments, both in the structure of the formed fractal aggregates as well as the kinetics of growth. Ground measurements are severely affected by sedimentation resulting in reaction limited behavior. In microgravity, a purely diffusive behavior is seen reflected both in the measured fractal dimensions for the aggregates as well as the power law behavior in the rate of growth. Formed aggregates become more open as the attractive strength increases.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Entropic force of polymers on a cone tip
Creators: name: Maghrebi, Mohammad F.
name: Kantor, Yacov
name: Kardar, Mehran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider polymers attached to the tip of a cone, and the resulting force due to entropy loss on approaching a plate (or another cone). At separations shorter than the polymer radius of gyration R_g, the only relevant length scale is the tip-plate (or tip-tip) separation h, and the entropic force is given by F=A kT/h. The universal amplitude A can be related to (geometry dependent) correlation exponents of long polymers. We compute A for phantom polymers, and for self-avoiding (including star) polymers by epsilon-expansion, as well as by numerical simulations in 3 dimensions.
Interview with Glen Hartley re: Amnesia
Creators: name: Aycock, John
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2019
Subjects: interview
retrogame

description: This is an interview with Glen Hartley, conducted via email on April 17-18, 2019. He was instrumental in spearheading the game Amnesia, which was eventually released by Electronic Arts in 1986 for the Apple II and other platforms.
Synchrotron signature of a relativistic blast wave with decaying microturbulence
Creators: name: Lemoine, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microphysics of weakly magnetized relativistic collisionless shock waves, corroborated by recent high performance numerical simulations, indicate the presence of a microturbulent layer of large magnetic field strength behind the shock front, which must decay beyond some hundreds of skin depths. The present paper discusses the dynamics of such microturbulence, borrowing from these same numerical simulations, and calculates the synchrotron signature of a powerlaw of shock accelerated particles. The decaying microturbulent layer is found to leave distinct signatures in the spectro-temporal evolution of the spectrum $F_ν\propto t^{-α}ν^{-β}$ of a decelerating blast wave, which are potentially visible in early multi-wavelength follow-up observations of gamma-ray bursts. This paper also discusses the influence of the evolving microturbulence on the acceleration process, with particular emphasis on the maximal energy of synchrotron afterglow photons, which falls in the GeV range for standard gamma-ray burst parameters. Finally, this paper argues that the evolving microturbulence plays a key role in shaping the spectra of recently observed gamma-ray bursts with extended GeV emission, such as GRB090510.
description: version to appear in MNRAS -- minor modifications + added discussion of synchrotron self-absorption; 23 pages, 8 figures
Understanding the Effects of Physical Activity on the Cancer Patient Currently Undergoing Treatment with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors A Scoping Review Protocol.pdf
Creators: name: Shaver, Amy
name: Sharma, Swapnil
name: Nikita, Nikita
name: Johnson, Jennifer
name: Lu-Yao, Grace
name: butryn, meghan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111204 Cancer Therapy (excl. Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110602 Exercise Physiology
subject: Health Care
subject: 110799 Immunology not elsewhere classified

description: Scoping review protocol
Maximal supports and Schur-positivity among connected skew shapes
Creators: name: McNamara, Peter R. W.
name: van Willigenburg, Stephanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E05 (Primary) 05E10, 06A06, 20C30 (Secondary)

description: The Schur-positivity order on skew shapes is defined by B \leq A if the difference s_A - s_B is Schur-positive. It is an open problem to determine those connected skew shapes that are maximal with respect to this ordering. A strong necessary condition for the Schur-positivity of s_A - s_B is that the support of B is contained in that of A, where the support of B is defined to be the set of partitions lambda for which s_lambda appears in the Schur expansion of s_B. We show that to determine the maximal connected skew shapes in the Schur-positivity order and this support containment order, it suffices to consider a special class of ribbon shapes. We explicitly determine the support for these ribbon shapes, thereby determining the maximal connected skew shapes in the support containment order.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures. Incorporates referee's suggestions; to appear in the European Journal of Combinatorics
Comparing Optical-Flow Based Methods for Quantification of Myocardial Deformations on RT3D Ultrasound
Creators: name: Duan, Qi
name: Angelini, Elsa D.
name: Gerard, Olivier
name: Homma, Shunichi
name: Laine, Andrew F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Medicine
Biomedical engineering

description: This paper presents a new homogeneity measure for variational segmentation with multiple level set functions. We propose to modify the quadratic homogeneity measure to trade off the convexity of the function against a faster rate of convergence. We tested in two series of experiments the performance of this new homogeneity force at converging to appropriate partitioning of brain MRI data sets, over a large range of image spatial resolution and image quality, in terms of tissue homogeneity and contrast.
Assessment of visual quality and spatial accuracy of fast anisotropic diffusion and scan conversion algorithms for real-time three-dimensional spherical ultrasound
Creators: name: Duan, Qi
name: Angelini, Elsa D.
name: Laine, Andrew F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Medicine
Biomedical engineering

description: Three-dimensional ultrasound machines based on matrix phased-array transducers are gaining predominance for real-time dynamic screening in cardiac and obstetric practice. These transducers array acquire three-dimensional data in spherical coordinates along lines tiled in azimuth and elevation angles at incremental depth. This study aims at evaluating fast filtering and scan conversion algorithms applied in the spherical domain prior to visualization into Cartesian coordinates for visual quality and spatial measurement accuracy. Fast 3d scan conversion algorithms were implemented and with different order interpolation kernels. Downsizing and smoothing of sampling artifacts were integrated in the scan conversion process. In addition, a denoising scheme for spherical coordinate data with 3d anisotropic diffusion was implemented and applied prior to scan conversion to improve image quality. Reconstruction results under different parameter settings, such as different interpolation kernels, scaling factor, smoothing options, and denoising, are reported. Image quality was evaluated on several data sets via visual inspections and measurements of cylinder objects dimensions. Error measurements of the cylinder's radius, reported in this paper, show that the proposed fast scan conversion algorithm can correctly reconstruct three-dimensional ultrasound in Cartesian coordinates under tuned parameter settings. Denoising via three-dimensional anisotropic diffusion was able to greatly improve the quality of resampled data without affecting the accuracy of spatial information after the modification of the introduction of a variable gradient threshold parameter.
Reactive soil components and logging in Podzols of southwestern British Columbia
Creators: name: Grand, Stephanie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study investigated soil characteristics and response to logging in a forested watershed of coastal British Columbia (Roberts Creek Study forest). We focused on soil organic carbon (SOC), labile and exchangeable elements, and short-range order (SRO) inorganic phases. These soil attributes were investigated in each pedogenic horizons (FH, Ae, Bf1, Bf2, BC, Cg) of 27 soil profiles. The profiles formed a disturbance chronosequence including undisturbed (control) forested sites, recently logged (cleared) sites harvested 1 to 5 years prior to sampling, and older logged (regenerating) sites harvested 8 to 15 years prior to sampling. Soils were coarse-textured humo-ferric Podzols developed on a glacial till underlain by granodioritic bedrock. We found that the average soil profile stored approximately 15.9 kg C / m2 over a depth of 1 m. Over 60% of the profile’s SOC was found at depth greater than 20cm. Predictors of SOC concentration included pyrophosphate and oxalate-extractable Al and Fe and the clay content. The forest floor of logged plots stored more C than undisturbed plots, most likely due to the addition of logging slash decay products. In the mineral subsoil, SOC was higher in cleared plots and similar to control levels in regenerating plots. This suggests that logging resulted in SOC gains to the mineral soil, but that these inputs were not stabilized. The subsoil played a key role in the overall response of SOC storage after logging and must therefore be taken into consideration in C dynamics studies. Short-range order inorganic phases such as imogolite-type material and ferrihydrite were a major component of the soil reactive fraction and were estimated to represent approximately 45% of clay-sized subsoil component. The major constituent of SRO phases was likely low-crystallinity proto-imogolite. Exchangeable ions and nutrients concentration were relatively constant in logged and control plots, with the exception of nitrate. Overall, the impacts of logging were not severe. We hypothesize that the good retention of SOC stores in logged plots and the presence of SRO material in lower mineral horizons contributes to the retention of nutrients in the profile and reduces the ecological effects of forest disturbance.
Multi-chord fiber-coupled interferometer with a long coherence length laser
Creators: name: Merritt, Elizabeth C.
name: Lynn, Alan G.
name: Gilmore, Mark A.
name: Hsu, Scott C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes a 561 nm laser heterodyne interferometer that provides time-resolved measurements of line-integrated plasma electron density within the range of 10^15-10^18 cm^(-2). Such plasmas are produced by railguns on the Plasma Liner Experiment (PLX), which aims to produce μs-, cm-, and Mbar-scale plasmas through the merging of thirty plasma jets in a spherically convergent geometry. A long coherence length, 320 mW laser allows for a strong, sub-fringe phase-shift signal without the need for closely-matched probe and reference path lengths. Thus only one reference path is required for all eight probe paths, and an individual probe chord can be altered without altering the reference or other probe path lengths. Fiber-optic decoupling of the probe chord optics on the vacuum chamber from the rest of the system allows the probe paths to be easily altered to focus on different spatial regions of the plasma. We demonstrate that sub-fringe resolution capability allows the interferometer to operate down to line-integrated densities of order 10^15 cm^(-2).
description: submitted to Rev. Sci. Instrum. (2011)
A comprehensive cardiopulmonary simulation model for the analysis of hypercapnic respiratory failure
Creators: name: Chbat, Nicolas W.
name: Giannessi, Massimo
name: Albanese, Antonio
name: Ursino, Mauro
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Medicine
Biomedical engineering

description: We developed a new comprehensive cardiopulmonary model that takes into account the mutual interactions between the cardiovascular and the respiratory systems along with their short-term regulatory mechanisms. The model includes the heart, systemic and pulmonary circulations, lung mechanics, gas exchange and transport equations, and cardio-ventilatory control. Results show good agreement with published patient data in case of normoxic and hyperoxic hypercapnia simulations. In particular, simulations predict a moderate increase in mean systemic arterial pressure and heart rate, with almost no change in cardiac output, paralleled by a relevant increase in minute ventilation, tidal volume and respiratory rate. The model can represent a valid tool for clinical practice and medical research, providing an alternative way to experience-based clinical decisions.
Κριτική αξιολόγηση του θεραπευτικού πρωτοκόλλου συνταγογράφησης για την αντιπηκτική αγωγή σε ασθενείς με κολπική μαρμαρυγή, με βάση την θεωρία της τεκμηριωμένης ιατρικής και των τεκμηριωμένων μεθόδων ιατρικής έρευνας
Creators: name: Πατσιούρα Γεωργία Αχιλλέα
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Κολπική Μαρμαρυγή
Αντιπηκτική αγωγή
Θεραπευτικό πρωτόκολλο
Atrial fibrillation
Anticoagulation therapy
Therapeutic protocol

description: Η παρούσα μελέτη αποτελεί μία κριτική αξιολόγηση του ελληνικού θεραπευτικού πρωτοκόλλου συνταγογράφησης για την αντιπηκτική αγωγή σε ασθενείς με κολπική μαρμαρυγή.Η αξιολόγηση έγινε έπειτα από εξέταση και σύγκριση με τις διεθνείς κατευθυντήριες οδηγίες και εξέταση των ευρημάτων τεκμηριωμένων επιστημονικών μελετών .Το ελληνικό θεραπευτικό πρωτόκολλο συνταγογράφησης είναι, σε γενικές γραμμές, σύμφωνο με τα διεθνή πρότυπα, όσον αφορά στην εκτίμηση και στην επιλογή αντιπηκτικής αγωγής, προσαρμοσμένη όμως στην ελληνική οικονομική πραγματικότητα. Σε γενικές γραμμές το ελληνικό θεραπευτικό πρωτόκολλο είναι σύμφωνο με τα διεθνή πρότυπα και τις αρχές της τεκμηριωμένης ιατρικής, παρουσιάζει ωστόσο ορισμένες παρεκκλίσεις
description: The aim of this study is the critical evaluation of the Greek therapeutic prescription protocol for anticoagulation treatment in patient with atrial fibrilation.The evaluation was conducted after examination and comparison to international guidelines and examination of the findings of evidence-based scientific studies.The Greek therapeutic protocol is generally in accordance with the international standards regarding the assessment and chioce of anticoagulation treatment, adjusted to the greek economic reality. The Greek therapeutic protocol is generally in accordance with the international standards and the principles of evidence-based medicine, although there are some diversions
Evaluation of optical flow algorithms for tracking endocardial surfaces on three-dimensional ultrasound data
Creators: name: Duan, Qi
name: Angelini, Elsa D.
name: Herz, Susan L.
name: Ingrassia, Christopher M.
name: Gerard, Olivier
name: Costa, Kevin D.
name: Holmes, Jeffrey W.
name: Laine, Andrew F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Medicine
Biomedical engineering

description: With relatively high frame rates and the ability to acquire volume data sets with a stationary transducer, 3D ultrasound systems, based on matrix phased array transducers, provide valuable three-dimensional information, from which quantitative measures of cardiac function can be extracted. Such analyses require segmentation and visual tracking of the left ventricular endocardial border. Due to the large size of the volumetric data sets, manual tracing of the endocardial border is tedious and impractical for clinical applications. Therefore the development of automatic methods for tracking three-dimensional endocardial motion is essential. In this study, we evaluate a four-dimensional optical flow motion tracking algorithm to determine its capability to follow the endocardial border in three dimensional ultrasound data through time. The four-dimensional optical flow method was implemented using three-dimensional correlation. We tested the algorithm on an experimental open-chest dog data set and a clinical data set acquired with a Philips' iE33 three-dimensional ultrasound machine. Initialized with left ventricular endocardial data points obtained from manual tracing at end-diastole, the algorithm automatically tracked these points frame by frame through the whole cardiac cycle.A finite element surface was fitted through the data points obtained by both optical flow tracking and manual tracing by an experienced observer for quantitative comparison of the results. Parameterization of the finite element surfaces was performed and maps displaying relative differences between the manual and semi-automatic methods were compared.The results showed good consistency between manual tracing and optical flow estimation on 73% of the entire surface with fewer than 10% difference. In addition, the optical flow motion tracking algorithm greatly reduced processing time (about 94% reduction compared to human involvement per cardiac cycle) for analyzing cardiac function in three-dimensional ultrasound data sets.
On the Amplification of Magnetic Field by a Supernova Blast Shock Wave in a Turbulent Medium
Creators: name: Guo, Fan
name: Li, Shengtai
name: Li, Hui
name: Giacalone, Joe
name: Jokipii, J. R.
name: Li, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed extensive two-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations to study the amplification of magnetic fields when a supernova blast wave propagates into a turbulent interstellar plasma. The blast wave is driven by injecting high pressure in the simulation domain. The interstellar magnetic field can be amplified by two different processes, occurring in different regions. One is facilitated by the fluid vorticity generated by the ``rippled" shock front interacting with the background turbulence. The resulting turbulent flow keeps amplifying the magnetic field, consistent with earlier work \citep{Giacalone2007}. The other process is facilitated by the growth of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability at the contact discontinuity between the ejecta and the shocked medium. This can efficiently amplify the magnetic field and tends to produce the highest magnetic field. We investigate the dependence of the amplification on numerical parameters such as grid-cell size and on various physical parameters. We show the magnetic field has a characteristic radial profile that the downstream magnetic field gets progressively stronger away from the shock. This is because the downstream magnetic field needs a finite time to reach the efficient amplification, and will get further amplified in the Rayleigh-Taylor region. In our simulation we do not observe a systematic strong magnetic field within a small distance to the shock. This indicates that if the magnetic-field amplification in supernova remnants indeed occurs near the shock front, other processes such as three-dimensional instabilities, plasma kinetics and/or cosmic ray effect may need to be considered to explain the strong magnetic field in supernova remnants.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures. Accepted by ApJ
Fast Interpolation Algorithms for Real-Time Three-Dimensional Cardiac Ultrasound
Creators: name: Duan, Qi
name: Angelini, Elsa D.
name: Song, Ting
name: Laine, Andrew F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Medicine
Biomedical engineering

description: Real-time three-dimensional (RT3D) ultrasound technique based on matrix phased array transducers is likely to become predominant for dynamic screening in cardiac and obstetric practice. With these transducers large data volumes are acquired in spherical coordinates and require resampling to be visualized in cartesian coordinates. A fast 3D resampling method was implemented and five interpolation kernels tested on cardiac RT3D data. Downsizing and smoothing of sampling artifacts were integrated in the resampling process for improvement of the reconstructed data visual quality.
Comparison of Segmentation Methods for Analysis of Endocardial Wall Motion with Real-Time Three-Dimensional Ultrasound
Creators: name: Angelini, Elsa D.
name: Hamming, D.
name: Homma, Shunichi
name: Holmes, Jeffrey W.
name: Laine, Andrew F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Medicine
Biomedical engineering

description: This paper presents a new methodology for validation of endocardial surface segmentation with real-time three-dimensional (RT3D) ultrasound via analysis of ventricular anatomical shape and deformations. When comparing manual tracing and deformable model segmentation methods, we observe high correlation for volume quantification while 3D shapes show significant differences when directly compared by point matching. In the absence of real three-dimensional ground truth for screening of ventricular anatomy, this study aims to define new tests to compare segmented shapes and analyze their accuracy in the context of wall motion analysis. Endocardial surfaces are fitted with finite element modeling in spheroidal prolate coordinates and analysis is performed via construction of node parameter maps in time. Comparison of parameter maps for healthy volunteers and patients with abnormal wall motion are reported.
Energy spectrum, dissipation and spatial structures in reduced Hall magnetohydrodynamic
Creators: name: Martin, L. N.
name: Dmitruk, P.
name: Gomez, D. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the effect of the Hall term in the magnetohydrodynamic turbulence under a strong externally supported magnetic field, seeing how this changes the energy cascade, the characteristic scales of the flow and the dynamics of global magnitudes, with particular interest in the dissipation. Numerical simulations of freely evolving three-dimensional reduced magnetohydrodynamics (RHMHD) are performed, for different values of the Hall parameter (the ratio of the ion skin depth to the macroscopic scale of the turbulence) controlling the impact of the Hall term. The Hall effect modifies the transfer of energy across scales, slowing down the transfer of energy from the large scales up to the Hall scale (ion skin depth) and carrying faster the energy from the Hall scale to smaller scales. The final outcome is an effective shift of the dissipation scale to larger scales but also a development of smaller scales. Current sheets (fundamental structures for energy dissipation) are affected in two ways by increasing the Hall effect, with a widening but at the same time generating an internal structure within them. In the case where the Hall term is sufficiently intense, the current sheet is fully delocalized. The effect appears to reduce impulsive effects in the flow, making it less intermittent.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures
Enhancement of mammograms from oriented information
Creators: name: Chang, Chun-Ming
name: Laine, Andrew F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Medicine
Biomedical engineering

description: Mammograms can depict most of the significant changes of breast disease. The primary radiographic signs of  cancer are masses (its density, size, shape, borders), spicular lesions and calcification content. These features may be extracted according to their coherence and orientation and can provide important visual cues for radiologists to locate suspicious areas without generating false positives. An artifact free enhancement algorithm based on overcomplete multiscale wavelet analysis is presented. The novelty of this algorithm lies in its detection of directional features and removal of unwanted perturbations. Compared to existing multiscale enhancement  approaches, images processed with this method appear more familiar to radiologists and naturally close to the original mammogram.
A search for the near-infrared counterpart of the eclipsing millisecond X-ray pulsar Swift J1749.4-2807
Creators: name: D'Avanzo, P.
name: Campana, S.
name: Munoz-Darias, T.
name: Belloni, T.
name: Bozzo, E.
name: Falanga, M.
name: Stella, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Swift J1749.4-2807 is a transient accreting millisecond X-ray pulsars, the first that displayed X-ray eclipses. Therefore it holds a great potential for accurate mass measurements in a low mass X-ray binary system. The determination of the companion star radial velocity would make it possible to fully resolve the system and to accurately measure the mass of the neutron star based on dynamical measurements. Unfortunately, no optical/NIR counterpart has been identified to date for this system, either in outburst or in quiescence. We performed a photometric study of the field of Swift J1749.4-2807 during quiescence in order to search for the presence of a variable counterpart. The source direction lies on the Galactic plane, making any search for its optical/NIR counterpart challenging. To minimize the effects of field crowding and interstellar extinction, we carried out our observations using the adaptive optics near-infrared imager NACO mounted at the ESO Very Large Telescope. From the analysis of Swift X-ray data obtained during outburst, we derived the most precise (1.6" radius) position for this source. Due to the extreme stellar crowding of the field, 41 sources are detected in our VLT images within the X-ray error circle, with some of them possibly showing variability consistent with the expectations. We carried out the first deep imaging campaign devoted to the search of the quiescent NIR counterpart of Swift J1749.4-2807. Our results allow to provide constraints on the nature of the companion star of this system. Furthermore, they suggest that future phase-resolved NIR observations (performed with large aperture telescopes and adaptive optics) covering the full orbital period of the system are likely to identify the quiescent counterpart of Swift J1749.4-2807, through the measure of its orbital variability, opening the possibility of dynamical studies of this unique source.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Spatio-temporal directional analysis of 4D echocardiography
Creators: name: Angelini, Elsa D.
name: Laine, Andrew F.
name: Takuma, Shin
name: Homma, Shunichi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Medicine
Biomedical engineering

description: Speckle noise corrupts ultrasonic data by introducing sharp changes in an echocardiographic image intensity profile, while attenuation alters the intensity of equally significant cardiac structures. These properties introduce inhomogeneity in the spatial domain and suggests that measures based on phase information rather than intensity are more appropriate for denoising and cardiac border detection. The present analysis method relies on the expansion of temporal ultrasonic volume data on complex exponential wavelet-like basis functions called Brushlets. These basis functions decompose a signal into distinct patterns of oriented textures. Projected coefficients are associated with distinct 'brush strokes' of a particular size and orientation. 4D overcomplete brushlet analysis is applied to temporal echocardiographic values. We show that adding the time dimension in the analysis dramatically improves the quality and robustness of the method without adding complexity in the design of a segmentation tool. We have investigated mathematical and empirical methods for identifying the most 'efficient' brush stroke sizes and orientations for decomposition and reconstruction on both phantom and clinical data. In order to determine the 'best tiling' or equivalently, the 'best brushlet basis', we use an entropy-based information cost metric function. Quantitative validation and clinical applications of this new spatio-temporal analysis tool are reported for balloon phantoms and clinical data sets.
De la richesse pour les dieux ... et pour la reproduction sociale : les dépôts non funéraires de l’âge du Bronze en Europe
Creators: name: Blitte, Hélène
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 930

description: Die Dissertation befasst sich mit den bronzezeitlichen Hortfunden in Europa (2200–800 v.Chr.), die eine hohe räumliche und zeitliche Variabilität aufweisen, was ihren Inhalt und ihre Frequenz angeht. Das Hauptziel der Untersuchung ist es zu zeigen, dass die Depotfunde „Gaben an die Götter“ waren, aber auch verwendet wurden, um eine soziale Reproduktion unter instabilen Rahmenbedingungen zu verstärken. Meine Arbeit entlang zweier verschiedener Achsen entwickelt, einer Untersuchung einerseits der Inhalte der Depotfunde (statistische Analyse) und anderseits ihrer Verbreitung in der Landschaft (räumliche Analyse). Kern der Dissertation ist die Anwendung eines Informationssystems. Die Hauptergebnisse der fünf Untersuchungsgebiete werden verglichen und in ihren regionalen Kontexten verankert, um auf diese Weise die sozialen Bedeutungen der Horte zu erfassen. Vorgeschlagen wird eine Hierarchisierung der Depotfunde, außerdem wird die Verbreitung dieser Sitte von Ost nach West nachgewiesen.
description: This PhD thesis is mainly concerned with the European Bronze Age hoards (2200-800 BC). These hoards of metal objects have a high variability in space and time, as far as their content and frequency are concerned, which leads to several questions. The primary aim of this study is to show that these hoards are offerings for the deities and made to strengthen an unstable social reproduction. My argument is developed following two research axes, the first one focusing on the content of the hoards (statistical analysis) and the second one on their repartition in the landscape (spatial analysis). The use of an information system is at the core of this thesis. The main results of the five chosen regions are compared and then repositioned within their regional context, in order to tackle the social meanings of the hoards. A hierarchy of the hoards is highlighted and a diffusion of the practice from east to west is shown.
Small-Angle X-ray and neutron scattering from diamond single crystals
Creators: name: Shiryaev, A A
name: Boesecke, P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results of Small-Angle Scattering study of diamonds with various types of point and extended defects and different degrees of annealing are presented. It is shown that thermal annealing and/or mechanical deformation cause formation of nanosized planar and threedimensional defects giving rise to Small-Angle Scattering. The defects are often facetted by crystallographic planes 111, 100, 110, 311, 211 common for diamond. The scattering defects likely consist of clusters of intrinsic and impurity-related defects; boundaries of mechanical twins also contribute to the SAS signal. There is no clear correlation between concentration of nitrogen impurity and intensity of the scattering.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures; presented at SANS-YuMO User Meeting 2011, Dubna, Russia
The effect of spin fluctuations on the electronic structure in iron based superconductors
Creators: name: Heimes, Andreas
name: Grein, Roland
name: Eschrig, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic inelastic neutron scattering (INS) studies of iron-based superconductors reveal a strongly temperature-dependent spin-fluctuation spectrum in the normal conducting state, which develops a prominent low-energy resonance feature when entering the superconducting state. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) allow to study the fingerprints of fluctuation modes via their interactions with electronic quasiparticles. We calculate such fingerprints in 122 iron pnictides using an experimentally motivated spin-fluctuation spectrum and make a number of predictions that can be tested in ARPES and STS experiments. This includes discussions of the quasiparticle scattering rate and the superconducting order parameter. In quantitative agreement with experiment we reproduce the quasiparticle dispersions obtained from momentum distribution curves as well as energy distribution curves. We discuss the relevance of the coupling between spin fluctuations and electronic excitations for the superconducting mechanism.
description: 22 pages, 22 figures
Revealing baryon number fluctuations from proton number fluctuations in relativistic heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Kitazawa, Masakiyo
name: Asakawa, Masayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Baryon number cumulants are invaluable tools to diagnose the primordial stage of heavy ion collisions if they can be measured. In experiments, however, proton number cumulants have been measured as substitutes. In fact, proton number fluctuations are further modified in the hadron phase and different from those of baryon number. We show that the isospin distribution of nucleons at kinetic freezeout is binomial and factorized. This leads to formulas that express the baryon number cumulants sorely in terms of proron number fluctuations, which are experimentally observable.
description: 4 pages, no figures, version published in Physical Review C (Rapid Communication)
title: Синестезия в рекламном тексте
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет
Year: 2024

description: В монографии рассматривается синестезия как инструмент сенсорной организации текста медийной рекламы, целью которого является воздействие на адресата и побуждение его к определенной поведенческой реакции, будь то приобретение товара / услуги или выбор определенной модели социального поведения. Механизмы такого воздействия заложены в целом комплексе семиотических средств в структуре креолизованного рекламного текста, прежде всего вербальных, визуальных, акустических. Адресована преподавателям, аспирантам и студентам направления подготовки «Реклама и связи с общественностью», специалистам в сфере рекламы и массовых коммуникаций, творческим сотрудникам медийной сферы.
A wiki approach to collecting, curating and managing citizen science data
Creators: name: Mietchen, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: citizen science
subject: Wikimedia
subject: open science
subject: Wikidata
subject: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2013
subject: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1093434

description: The PDF formed the basis of a presentation given at SciDataCon 2018 in Session 211 "Citizen Science Data – from Collection to Curation to Management" on 8 November 2018 in Gaborone, Botswana. A copy is available via Wikimedia Commons. A printed version of it also served as a poster throughout International Data Week 2018 (5-8 November 2018, still in Gaborone). All images used by the TeX source are available through Wikimedia Commons and thus not included here. Since some of them are licensed CC BY-SA, the same license applies here.
Improving statistics for hybrid segmentation of high-resolution multichannel images
Creators: name: Angelini, Elsa D.
name: Imielinska, Celina Z.
name: Jin, Yinpeng
name: Laine, Andrew F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Medicine
Biomedical engineering

description: High-resolution multichannel textures are difficult to characterize with simple statistics and the high level of detail makes the selection of a particular contour using classical gradient-based methods not effective. We have developed a hybrid method that combines fuzzy connectedness and Voronoi diagram classification for the segmentation of color and multichannel objects. The multi-step classification process relies on homogeneity measures derived from moment statistics and histogram information. These color features have been optimized to best combine individual channel information in the classification process. The segmentation initialization requires only a set of interior and exterior seed points, minimizing user intervention and the influence of the initialization on the overall quality of the results. The method was tested on volumes from the Visible Human and on brain multi-protocol MRI data sets. The hybrid segmentation produced robust, rapid and finely detailed contours with good visual accuracy. The addition of quantized statistics and color histogram distances as classification features improved the robustness of the method with regards to initialization when compared to our original implementation.
Proactive TCP mechanism to improve Handover performance in Mobile Satellite and Terrestrial Networks
Creators: name: Vinayakray-Jani, Preetida
name: Sanyal, Sugata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Emerging standardization of Geo Mobile Radio (GMR-1) for satellite system is having strong resemblance to terrestrial GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) at the upper protocol layers and TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) is one of them. This space segment technology as well as terrestrial technology, is characterized by periodic variations in communication properties and coverage causing the termination of ongoing call as connections of Mobile Nodes (MN) alter stochastically. Although provisions are made to provide efficient communication infrastructure this hybrid space and terrestrial networks must ensure the end-to-end network performance so that MN can move seamlessly among these networks. However from connectivity point of view current TCP performance has not been engineered for mobility events in multi-radio MN. Traditionally, TCP has applied a set of congestion control algorithms (slow-start, congestion avoidance, fast retransmit, fast recovery) to probe the currently available bandwidth on the connection path. These algorithms need several round-trip times to find the correct transmission rate (i.e. congestion window), and adapt to sudden changes connectivity due to handover. While there are protocols to maintain the connection continuity on mobility events, such as Mobile IP (MIP) and Host Identity Protocol (HIP), TCP performance engineering has had less attention. TCP is implemented as a separate component in an operating system, and is therefore often unaware of the mobility events or the nature of multi-radios' communication. This paper aims to improve TCP communication performance in Mobile satellite and terrestrial networks.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Birth parent grief and loss resolution in open adoption
Creators: name: Cowie, Lisa
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: While research has explored birth parent grief and loss, it has not been thorough in exploring how the experience of having an open adoption affects birth parents’ grief and loss experience and resolution. Previous research has highlighted positive effects of open adoptions to date, but the body of knowledge is quite limited in regards to the birth parents’ adjustment in current day open adoptions. This descriptive qualitative study explores birth parents’ experiences in current day open adoptions and seeks to understand their experience of grief and loss and movement towards grief resolution in the context of an open adoption. Findings of this study confirm that the experience of adoption placement involves grief and loss and that openness in adoption helps to mitigate this painful experience. Most notably, birth parents found meaning, comfort and peace in knowing of their child’s well being and by having ongoing involvement in the life of the child and adoptive family. This study aims to expand the body of knowledge to provide practitioners with a deeper understanding of the birth parent experience which can lead to more effective support and counselling.
Unpacking the Impact and Usage of Electronic Theses and Dissertations: A Case Study
Creators: name: Ruddock, Kathryn
name: Hurrell, Christie
Publisher: name: Libraries and Cultural Resources
Year: 2019
Subjects: institutional repository
electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs)

description: This is a presentation from the 2019 Library Publishing Forum in Vancouver, BC, Canada.
description: A graduate thesis or dissertation, for most graduate students, represents the culmination of years of research and study, and are an important record of the intellectual output of an academic institution. Like many academic institutions, the University of Calgary began in 2012 to deposit electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs) into PRISM, the University of Calgary’s Digital Repository. PRISM provides a valuable archive and dissemination vehicle for unique research outputs of early career researchers. All theses are described and categorized with disciplinary information. Usage data is tracked from November 2015 – present. These characteristics of the ETD collection also allow for investigation into understanding the usage of these documents and how they relate to other research outputs, like articles and monographs, the impact of which are commonly measured by metrics such as citation counts or download statistics. For this case study, we investigated the usage patterns of the ETD collection to understand how these scholarly outputs fit into the scholarly communications ecosystem. Through analysis of statistics and metrics available through the repository as well as those available through academic databases, we explore the following questions: What do repository usage statistics tell us about ETDs as a scholarly output? Do factors like subject and length of time available influence higher usage of ETDs in a repository? And does repository usage correlate to a citation advantage, either for the thesis itself or for derivative works?