cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Light Pair Correction to Bhabha Scattering at Small Angle
Creators: name: Montagna, G.
name: Moretti, M.
name: Nicrosini, O.
name: Pallavicini, A.
name: Piccinini, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work deals with the computation of electron pair correction to small angle Bhabha scattering, in order to contribute to the improvement of luminometry precision at LEP/SLC below 0.1% theoretical accuracy. The exact QED four-fermion matrix element for $e^+e^-\to e^+e^-e^+e^-$, including all diagrams and mass terms, is computed and different Feynman graph topologies are studied to quantify the error of approximate calculations present in the literature. Several numerical results, obtained by a Monte Carlo program with full matrix element, initial-state radiation via collinear structure functions, and realistic event selections, are shown and critically compared with the existing ones. The present calculation, together with recent progress in the sector of $O(α^2)$ purely photonic corrections, contributes to achieve a total theoretical error in luminometry at the 0.05% level, close to the current experimental precision and important in view of the final analysis of the electroweak precision data.
description: LaTeX2e, 28 pages, 8 figures included
Hidden non-Fermi liquid behavior due to crystal field quartet
Creators: name: Koga, Mikito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a realistic Kondo model for crystal field quartet ground states having magnetic and non-magnetic (quadrupolar) exchange couplings with conduction electrons, using the numerical renormalization group method. We focus on a local effect dependent on singlet excited states coupled to the quartet, which reduces the non-magnetic coupling significantly and drives non-Fermi liquid behavior observed in the calculated quadrupolar susceptibility. A crossover from the non-Fermi liquid state to the Fermi liquid state is characterized by a small energy scale very sensitive to the non-magnetic coupling. On the other hand, the Kondo temperature observed in the magnetic susceptibility is less sensitive. The different crystal-field dependence of the two exchange couplings may be related to the different $x$ dependence of quadrupolar and magnetic ordering temperatures in Ce$_x$La$_{1-x}$B$_6$.
description: 7 pages, 5 EPS figures, REVTeX
PynPoint: a modular pipeline architecture for processing and analysis of high-contrast imaging data
Creators: name: Stolker, Tomas
name: Bonse, Markus J.
name: Quanz, Sascha P.
name: Amara, Adam
name: Cugno, Gabriele
name: Bohn, Alexander J.
name: Boehle, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The direct detection and characterization of planetary and substellar companions at small angular separations is a rapidly advancing field. Dedicated high-contrast imaging instruments deliver unprecedented sensitivity, enabling detailed insights into the atmospheres of young low-mass companions. In addition, improvements in data reduction and PSF subtraction algorithms are equally relevant for maximizing the scientific yield, both from new and archival data sets. We aim at developing a generic and modular data reduction pipeline for processing and analysis of high-contrast imaging data obtained with pupil-stabilized observations. The package should be scalable and robust for future implementations and in particular well suitable for the 3-5 micron wavelength range where typically (ten) thousands of frames have to be processed and an accurate subtraction of the thermal background emission is critical. PynPoint is written in Python 2.7 and applies various image processing techniques, as well as statistical tools for analyzing the data, building on open-source Python packages. The current version of PynPoint has evolved from an earlier version that was developed as a PSF subtraction tool based on PCA. The architecture of PynPoint has been redesigned with the core functionalities decoupled from the pipeline modules. Modules have been implemented for dedicated processing and analysis steps, including background subtraction, frame registration, PSF subtraction, photometric and astrometric measurements, and estimation of detection limits. The pipeline package enables end-to-end data reduction of pupil-stabilized data and supports classical dithering and coronagraphic data sets. As an example, we processed archival VLT/NACO L' and M' data of beta Pic b and reassessed the planet's brightness and position with an MCMC analysis, and we provide a derivation of the photometric error budget.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A&A, PynPoint is available at https://github.com/PynPoint/PynPoint
Additional file 1: of Toward a clinical diagnostic pipeline for SPINK1 intronic variants
Creators: name: Tang, Xin-Ying
name: Lin, Jin-Huan
name: Zou, Wen-Bin
name: Masson, Emmanuelle
name: Boulling, Arnaud
name: Shun-Jiang Deng
name: Cooper, David
name: Zhuan Liao
name: Férec, Claude
name: Zhao-Shen Li
name: Chen, Jian-Min
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. Alamut-predicted impact on splice site selection of the three recently reported SPINK1 spice site variants. Figure S2. Presence of the c.88-1G > A (chr5:g.147207692C > T) in cis with a closely spaced variant, c.88-7 T > A (chr5:g.147207698A > T), in a Chinese patient with chronic pancreatitis. Figure S3. Alamut-predicted impact on splice site selection of the proximal c.88-7 T > A variant. Figure S4. Alamut-predicted impact on splice site selection of the 10 deep SPINK1 intronic variants with a minor allele frequency of
Oplomus violaceus
Creators: name: Roell, Talita
name: Lemaître, Valérie A.
name: Webb, Michael D.
name: Campos, Luiz A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pentatomidae
Oplomus
Oplomus violaceus

description: violaceus (Oplomus) Dallas 1851: 85–86. [Fig. 229]
 Original data: “ ♀ ”. “a. Columbia. From M. Goudot’s Collection. ” [syntype (s)]
LECTOTYPE ♀ (designated by Thomas 1992: 59): purple-margined lectotype disc; red-margined type disc; “Columbia/46 20”;“14. OPLOMUS VIOLACEUS,”; “a”; “NHMUK 010592402”.Fourth and fifth right antennomeres, second to fifth left antennomeres, and right posterior leg missing (Fig. 229).
 Current status: Oplomus salamandra (Burmeister, 1835) (synonymised to Oplomus tripustulatus Fabricius by Stål 1870: 29, as Var. n; see Distant 1880: 31; Thomas 1992: 59, with valid current name as O. salamandra (Burmeister)).
 Notes: Thomas (1992: 59) explained: “The female type of Oplomus violaceus Dallas was located in the British Museum (Natural History). It is labeled: (a) “Type,” (b) “ Colombia,” (c) “ Oplomus violaceus.” The specimen is metallic purplish in color.” From Dallas’s original description, we do not know whether Dallas had one or more specimens, only the sex. Walker (1867a: 121) listed only one specimen with corresponding data and we have found only one specimen in the collection but cannot be sure it was the only one Dallas had. By giving its labels data, describing it and calling the specimen “the […] type”, Thomas designated it as the lectotype by inference of “the type” (ICZN 1999: Art. 74.6). As shown in Thomas (1992: 59), the name tripustulatus was preoccupied and so was that of tibialis, the next junior synonym, the name of the species therefore became salamandra Burmeister, the next non-preoccupied junior synonym.
description: Published as part of Roell, Talita, Lemaître, Valérie A., Webb, Michael D. & Campos, Luiz A., 2023, An annotated and illustrated Type Catalogue of the predacious Shieldbugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae) in the Collection of the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-105 in Zootaxa 5232 (1) on page 94, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5232.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7609794
Data Augmentation and Transfer Learning Approaches Applied to Facial Expressions Recognition
Creators: name: Randellini, Enrico
name: Rigutini, Leonardo
name: Sacca', Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The face expression is the first thing we pay attention to when we want to understand a person's state of mind. Thus, the ability to recognize facial expressions in an automatic way is a very interesting research field. In this paper, because the small size of available training datasets, we propose a novel data augmentation technique that improves the performances in the recognition task. We apply geometrical transformations and build from scratch GAN models able to generate new synthetic images for each emotion type. Thus, on the augmented datasets we fine tune pretrained convolutional neural networks with different architectures. To measure the generalization ability of the models, we apply extra-database protocol approach, namely we train models on the augmented versions of training dataset and test them on two different databases. The combination of these techniques allows to reach average accuracy values of the order of 85\% for the InceptionResNetV2 model.
description: The 11th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Soft Computing and Applications (AIAA 2021)
Additional file 1 of Costs of reproduction are present but latent in eusocial bumblebee queens
Creators: name: Collins, David H.
name: Prince, David C.
name: Donelan, Jenny L.
name: Chapman, Tracey
name: Bourke, Andrew F. G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. The relationship between queen longevity and during-treatment mean queen fertility in Bombus terrestris queens. Fig. S2. Egg-cell numbers for R and C Bombus terrestris colonies. Fig. S3. Numbers of eggs per cell for experimental Bombus terrestris colonies. Fig. S4. Filmed worker egg-laying for experimental Bombus terrestris colonies. Fig. S5. Onset of worker egg-laying for experimental Bombus terrestris colonies. Fig. S6. Filmed worker aggression for experimental Bombus terrestris colonies. Fig. S7. Onset of worker aggression for experimental Bombus terrestris colonies. Fig. S8. Observed activity levels for experimental Bombus terrestris queens. Fig. S9. Filmed queen activity for experimental Bombus terrestris queens. Fig. S10. Observed response to disturbance for experimental Bombus terrestris queens. Fig. S11. Gene expression differences from mRNA-seq libraries prepared from single brain samples of Bombus terrestris queens. Fig. S12. Gene expression differences from mRNA-seq libraries prepared from single fat body samples of Bombus terrestris queens. Fig. S13. Gene expression differences from mRNA-seq libraries prepared from single ovaries samples of Bombus terrestris queens. Fig. S14. Age-related gene expression patterns compared between Bombus terrestris queens and the Drosophila melanogaster GenAge database. Fig. S15. MA-plots comparing gene expression profiles by chronological age in experimental Bombus terrestris queens. Fig. S16. Relationship between holobiont sequence presence in fat body and alignment to the Bombus terrestris genome. Fig. S17. Relationship between slow bee paralysis sequence presence and alignment to the Bombus terrestris genome. Fig. S18. Principal component analysis for mRNA-seq libraries from single Bombus terrestris queens. Fig. S19. Gene expression profile comparisons by relative age, treatment, and SBPV status in Bombus terrestris queens. Fig. S20. Exploratory plots from the differential gene expression analysis in brain of single Bombus terrestris queens. Fig. S21. Exploratory plots from the differential gene expression analysis in fat body of single Bombus terrestris queens. Fig. S22. Exploratory plots from the differential gene expression analysis in ovaries of single Bombus terrestris queens.
Learning a Perceptual Quality Metric for Correlation in Scatterplots
Creators: name: Wöhler, Leslie
name: Zou, Yuxin
name: Mühlhausen, Moritz
name: Albuquerque, Georgia
name: Magnor, Marcus
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019
Subjects: General and reference
Metrics
Human
centered computing
Visual analytics
Computing methodologies
Perception
Neural networks

description: Visual quality metrics describe the quality and efficiency of multidimensional data visualizations in order to guide data analysts during exploration tasks. Current metrics are usually based on empirical algorithms which do not accurately represent human perception and therefore often differ from the analysts' expectations. We propose a new perception-based quality metric using deep learning that rates the correlation of data dimensions visualized by scatterplots. First, we created a data set containing over 15,000 pairs of scatterplots with human annotations on the perceived correlation between the data dimensions. Afterwards, we trained two different Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), one extracts features from scatterplot images and the other directly from data vectors. We evaluated both CNNs on our test set and compared them to previous visual quality metrics. The experiments show that our new metric is able to represent human perception more accurately than previous methods.
description: Vision, Modeling and Visualization
description: Machine Learning in Vision and Analysis
description: 55
description: 62
description: Leslie Wöhler, Yuxin Zou, Moritz Mühlhausen, Georgia Albuquerque, and Marcus Magnor
description: CCS Concepts: General and reference --> Metrics; Human-centered computing --> Visual analytics; Computing methodologies --> Perception; Neural networks
Additional file 4: of Efficacy of PD-1 blockade in cervical cancer is related to a CD8+FoxP3+CD25+ T-cell subset with operational effector functions despite high immune checkpoint levels
Creators: name: A. Heeren
name: J. Rotman
name: A. Stam
name: N. Pocorni
name: A. Gassama
name: S. Samuels
name: M. Bleeker
name: C. Mom
name: H. Zijlmans
name: G. Kenter
name: E. Jordanova
name: T. Gruijl
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S2. Co-expression of immune checkpoint receptors on CD8+ T-cell subsets. (PDF 1990 kb)
An associative memory of Hodgkin-Huxley neuron networks with Willshaw-type synaptic couplings
Creators: name: Hasegawa, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: An associative memory has been discussed of neural networks consisting of spiking N (=100) Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) neurons with time-delayed couplings, which memorize P patterns in their synaptic weights. In addition to excitatory synapses whose strengths are modified after the Willshaw-type learning rule with the 0/1 code for quiescent/active states, the network includes uniform inhibitory synapses which are introduced to reduce cross-talk noises. Our simulations of the HH neuron network for the noise-free state have shown to yield a fairly good performance with the storage capacity of $α_c = P_{\rm max}/N \sim 0.4 - 2.4$ for the low neuron activity of $f \sim 0.04-0.10$. This storage capacity of our temporal-code network is comparable to that of the rate-code model with the Willshaw-type synapses. Our HH neuron network is realized not to be vulnerable to the distribution of time delays in couplings. The variability of interspace interval (ISI) of output spike trains in the process of retrieving stored patterns is also discussed.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, changed Title
On the Quasi-Moment-Method as a Rain Attenuation Prediction Modeling Algorithm
Creators: name: Adekola, Adeniyi
name: Ayorinde, Ayotunde
name: Muhammed, Hisham
name: Okewole, Francis
name: Mowete, Ike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 41

description: A computationally inexpensive, analytically simple, and remarkably efficient rain attenuation prediction algorithm is presented in this paper. The algorithm, here referred to as the Quasi-Moment-Method, has only two main requirements for its implementation. First, rain attenuation measurement data for bit terrestrial or slant paths for the site of interest must be available; and second, a model referred to as the base model, known to have predicted attenuation for any site to a reasonable level of accuracy and whose analytical format can be expressed as a linear combination of its parameters, is also required. An important novelty introduced by the QMM algorithm is a normalization scheme, through which a modelling difficulty concerning exceedance probabilities outside a 1 percent and 100 percent is eliminated. Model validation and performance evaluation using a comprehensive set of data available from the literature clearly demonstrated that the QMM models consistently improved base model performance by more than 90 percent and outperformed all published best fit models with which they were compared.
description: 12 pages, 36 references, 5 figures, Journal Publication
Oechalia virgula
Creators: name: Roell, Talita
name: Lemaître, Valérie A.
name: Webb, Michael D.
name: Campos, Luiz A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pentatomidae
Oechalia
Oechalia virgula

description: virgula (Oechalia) Van Duzee 1936: 220. [Fig. 232]
 Original data: “ Paratypes, 3 males taken with the holotype, six males taken at Kilauea, Hawaii, at 4,000 ft., Jan. 19, 1917 (W. M. Giffard), and one female taken at same place Aug. 5, 1919 (O. H. Swezey); two dark males taken in the Dry Forest, Hawaii, Jan. 1917 (Muir and Giffard); one female from Mt. Tantalus at 1,300 ft. (W. M. Giffard); one female from Alakai Swamp, Kauai, July 1917 (C. N. Forbes); one female from Kahuku, Kau, Hawaii, on “a-a” flows at 1,800 ft., May 29, 1918 (W. M. Giffard).”
PARATYPE ♁: yellow-margined paratype disc; “Kilauea, Haw. 19-I-17 4000 ft. ”; “ W. M. Giffard Coll. ”; “ Coll. F. Muir ”; “ Oechalia virgula Van D. Det. by R.L. Usinger ”; “ PARATYPE virgula EP Van Duzee ”; “Brit. Mus. 1947-80”; “NHMUK 010592459”. Right middle and posterior legs missing; abdomen partially disjointed from thorax (Fig. 232).
 Current status: Oechalia virgula Van Duzee, 1936.
 Note: Van Duzee had noted: “The types of the new species here described have been placed in the Bishop Museum.” Our paratype was presented to NHMUK on 3/1/1947 by Dr. R. L. Usinger. It is one of the four male paratypes with similar data that Usinger (1941: 84) mentioned to be at hand (out of the six in the original description).
description: Published as part of Roell, Talita, Lemaître, Valérie A., Webb, Michael D. & Campos, Luiz A., 2023, An annotated and illustrated Type Catalogue of the predacious Shieldbugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Asopinae) in the Collection of the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-105 in Zootaxa 5232 (1) on pages 94-95, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5232.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7609794
Open-Box Training of Kernel Support Vector Machines: Opportunities and Limitations
Creators: name: Khatami, Mohammad
name: Schultz, Thomas
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019
Subjects: Visualization application domains
Visual analytics
Kernel methods
Support vector machines

description: Kernel Support Vector Machines (SVMs) are widely used for supervised classification, and have achieved state-of-the-art performance in numerous applications. We aim to further increase their efficacy by allowing a human operator to steer their training process. To this end, we identify several possible strategies for meaningful human intervention in their training, propose a corresponding visual analytics workflow, and implement it in a prototype system. Initial results from two users, on data from three different domains suggest that, in addition to facilitating better insight into the data and into the classifier's decision process, visual analytics can increase the efficacy of Support Vector Machines when the data available for training has a low number of samples, is unbalanced with respect to the different classes, contains outliers, irrelevant features, or mislabeled samples. However, we also discuss some limitations of improving the efficacy of supervised classification with visual analytics.
description: Vision, Modeling and Visualization
description: Machine Learning in Vision and Analysis
description: 63
description: 72
description: Mohammad Khatami and Thomas Schultz
description: CCS Concepts: Visualization application domains --> Visual analytics; Kernel methods --> Support vector machines
Towards distinguishing variants of non-minimal inflation
Creators: name: Takahashi, Tomo
name: Tenkanen, Tommi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study models of inflation where the scalar field $ϕ$ that drives inflation is coupled non-minimally to gravity via $ξϕ^2 R$, or where the gravity sector is enlarged by an $R^2$ term. We consider the original Higgs inflation, Starobinsky inflation, and two different versions of a scenario where the inflaton is a scalar field other than the Higgs, and discuss if they can be distinguished from each other by measuring the tensor-to-scalar ratio and runnings of the spectral index of primordial curvature perturbations, on top of the amplitude and spectral index of the perturbations. We consider both metric and Palatini theories of gravity, showing how detailed studies of non-minimally coupled models can help to identify the inflaton field and how they may provide for a way to also distinguish between different theories of gravity in the present context.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures. v3: Fixed a reference to an equation. Matches the version accepted for publication in JCAP
Composition Dependence of the Charge Driven Phase Transition in Group-VI Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Patil, Urvesh
name: Caffrey, Nuala M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Materials exhibiting multiple stable phases can be used as functional components in electronic and optical applications if the phase transition is controllable. Group-VI transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs, MX$_2$, where M=Mo, W and X = S, Se) are known to undergo charge induced transitions from semi-conducting H phases to metallic T phases. This occurs, for example, when bulk TMDs are exfoliated with the aid of alkali ion intercalants. However, it is difficult to experimentally decouple the effect of composition-dependent phase transition barriers from indirect effects related to the exfoliation process. Here, using first-principles calculations, we study the energetics of transition between the different structural polytypes of four group-VI TMDs upon lithium adsorption. We find that both the activation barrier from the H phase to the metallic phase in charged monolayers and the reverse barrier in neutral monolayers are required to explain experimental results. We show that the high proportion of metallic phase found in WS$_2$ monolayers after alkali treatment can be explained by high transition barriers to revert back to the H phase once in a neutral state. The calculated barriers however cannot explain the low proportion of metallic phase found in MoS$_2$ monolayers in some experiments and so non-electronic effects must also play a role.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
title: Lettre à François Clavel
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-20193111134069929
Ripple morphology of graphitic surfaces: a comparison between few-layer graphene and HOPG
Creators: name: Haghighian, N.
name: Convertino, D.
name: Miseikis, V.
name: Bisio, F
name: Morgante, A.
name: Coletti, C.
name: Canepa, M.
name: Cavalleri, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surface structure of Few-Layer Graphene (FLG) epitaxially grown on the C-face of SiC has been investigated by TM-AFM in ambient air and upon interaction with diluted aqueous solutions of bio-organic molecules (dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO, and L-Methionine). On pristine FLG we observe nicely ordered, three-fold oriented rippled domains, with a 4.7+/-0.2 nm periodicity (small periodicity, SP) and a peak-to-valley distance in the range 0.1-0.2 nm. Upon mild interaction of the FLG surface with the molecular solution, the ripple periodicity relaxes to 6.2+/-0.2 nm (large periodicity, LP), while the peak-to-valley height increases to 0.2-0.3 nm. When additional energy is transferred to the system through sonication in solution, graphene planes are peeled off from FLG, as shown by quantitative analysis of XPS and Raman spectroscopy data which indicate a neat reduction of thickness. Upon sonication rippled domains are no longer observed. Regarding HOPG, we could not observe ripples on cleaved samples in ambient air, while LP ripples develop upon interaction with the molecular solutions. Recent literature on similar systems is not univocal regarding the interpretation of rippling. The complex of our comparative observations on FLG and HOPG can be hardly rationalized solely on the base of surface assembly of molecules, either organic molecules coming from the solution or adventitious species. We propose to consider the ripples as the manifestation of the free-energy minimization of quasi-2D layers, eventually affected by factors such as the interplane stacking, the interaction with molecules and/or with the AFM tip.
Additional file 1: of Self-Assembly Stability and Variability of Bacterial Microcompartment Shell Proteins in Response to the Environmental Change
Creators: name: Faulkner, Matthew
name: Zhao, Long-Sheng
name: Barrett, Steve
name: Liu, Lu-Ning
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S1. Mean patch sizes and rates of dynamic events under different environmental conditions. Table S2. Numbers of dynamic events (assembly and disassembly) of Hoch_5815 hexamers in shell sheets under HS-AFM. Figure S1. Schematic representation of sample preparation for AFM. Figure S2. AFM topographs of Hoch_5815 patches formed under different pH ranging from 3 to 10. Figure S3. Difference AFM images of Hoch_5815 captured under varying pH. Figure S4. AFM topographs of Hoch_5815 patches captured in buffers with varied concentrations of CaCl2, MgCl2, and KCl. Figure S5. Difference AFM images of Hoch_5815 captured under varying salt concentrations. (DOCX 1036 kb)
Cluster-based Analysis of Multi-Parameter Distributions in Cloud Simulation Ensembles
Creators: name: Kumpf, Alexander
name: Stumpfegger, Josef
name: Westermann, Rüdiger
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019

description: The proposed approach enables a comparative visual exploration of multi-parameter distributions in time-varying 3D ensemble simulations. To investigate whether dominant trends in such distributions occur, we consider the simulation elements in each dataset-per ensemble member and time step-as elements in the multi-dimensional parameter space, and use t-SNE to project these elements into 2D space. To find groups of elements with similar parameter values in each time step, the resulting projections are clustered via k-Means. Since elements with similar data values can be disconnected in one single projection, we compute an ensemble of projections using multiple t-SNE runs and use evidence accumulation to determine sets of elements that are stably clustered together. We build upon per-cluster multi-parameter distribution functions to quantify cluster similarity, and merge clusters in different ensemble members. By applying the proposed approach to a time-varying ensemble, the temporal development of clusters, and in particular their stability over time can be analyzed. We apply this approach to analyze a time-varying ensemble of 3D cloud simulations. The visualizations via t-SNE, parallel coordinate plots and scatter plot matrices show dependencies between the simulation results and the simulation parameters used to generate the ensemble, and they provide insight into the temporal ensemble variability regarding the major trends in the multi-parameter distributions.
description: Vision, Modeling and Visualization
description: Ensemble Analysis and Visualization
description: 73
description: 80
description: Alexander Kumpf, Josef Stumpfegger, and Rüdiger Westermann
A crossing probability for critical percolation in two dimensions
Creators: name: Watts, Gerard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Langlands et al. considered two crossing probabilities, pi_h and pi_{hv}, in their extensive numerical investigations of critical percolation in two dimensions. Cardy was able to find the exact form of pi_h by treating it as a correlation function of boundary operators in the Q goes to 1 limit of the Q state Potts model. We extend his results to find an analogous formula for pi_{hv} which compares very well with the numerical results.
description: 8 pages, Latex2e, 1 figure, uuencoded compressed tar file, (1 typo changed)
Exploring 2D Materials by High Pressure Synthesis: hBN, Mg-hBN, b-P, b-AsP, and GeAs
Creators: name: Zhigadlo, N. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In materials science, selecting the right synthesis technique for specific compounds is one of the most important steps. High-pressure conditions have a significant effect on the crystal growth processes, leading to the creation of unique structures and properties that usually are not possible under normal conditions. The prime objective of this article is to illustrate the benefits of using high-pressure, high-temperature (HPHT) technique when developing two-dimensional (2D) materials. We could successfully grow bulk single crystals of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and magnesium doped hexagonal boron nitride (Mg-hBN) from Mg-B-N solvent. Further exploration of the Mg-B-N system could lead to the crystallization of isotopically 10B and 11B enriched hBN crystals, and other doped variants of it. Black phosphorus (b-P) and black phosphorus doped with arsenic (b-AsP) were obtained by directly converting its elements into melt and subsequently crystallizing them under HPHT. Germanium arsenide (GeAs) bulk single crystals were also obtained from the melt at a pressure of 1 GPa. Upon crystallization, all these compounds exhibit the anticipated layered structures, which makes them easy to exfoliate into 2D flakes, thus providing opportunities to modify their electrical behavior and create new useful devices.
Energy-weighted sum rule for nuclear density functional theory
Creators: name: Hinohara, Nobuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The expressions for the energy-weighted sum rule of the isoscalar and isovector coordinate operators are derived based on the second-order fluctuation of the local densities. Conventional derivation of the Thouless theorem for the energy-weighted sum rule is based on the double commutator of the Hamiltonian, while the present derivation does not assume a Hamiltonian operator and is applicable to nuclear energy density functionals. The expressions include the contribution of the local gauge symmetry breaking of the energy density functional. It is shown that the local gauge invariance of the kinetic and current densities and kinetic pair density is important, while all the other local densities do not contribute to the energy-weighted sum rule of the coordinate operators. The finite-amplitude method calculations are performed and the expressions for the energy-weighted sum rule are numerically examined for the isoscalar and isovector multipole operators up to $L=3$ for selected spherical and axially deformed nuclei.
description: 17 pages, 4 tables
TILSHUNOSLIKDA FRAZEOLOGIK BIRLIKLARNING O`RGANILISHI
Creators: name: Tuychiyeva, Manzura
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Frazeologik birliklar (keying qatorlarda FB) o'ziga xos semantik va sintaktik xususiyatlarga ega turg’un leksik birikmalar sifatida o'nlab yillar davomida tilshunos olimlarning tadqiqotlarining markaziy nuqtasida bo'lib kelgan. Ularning leksik va grammatik elementlarni o‘z ichiga olgan murakkab tabiati ularni ta’riflash, tasniflash va tushunishga turlicha nazariy yondashuvlarni talab qildi. Ushbu maqola turli tilshunoslik nazariyalarini va ularning FB bilan qanday bog'liqligini o'rganadi, bu birliklarning kengroq lingvistik  kontekstdagi ahamiyatini ta'kidlaydi.
Clustering Ensembles of 3D Jet-Stream Core Lines
Creators: name: Kern, Michael
name: Westermann, Rüdiger
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019

description: The extraction of a jet-stream core line in a wind field results in many disconnected line segments of arbitrary topology. In an ensemble of wind fields, these structures show high variation, coincide only partly, and almost nowhere agree in all ensemble members. In this paper, we shed light on the use of clustering for visualizing an ensemble of jet-stream core lines. Since classical approaches for clustering 3D line sets fail due to the mentioned properties, we analyze different strategies and compare them to each other: We cluster the 3D scalar fields from which jet-stream core lines are extracted. We cluster on a closest-point representation of each set of core lines. These representations are derived from the extracted line geometry and can be used independently of the line orientation and topology. We cluster on the 3D line set using the Hausdorff distance as similarity metric. In the resulting clusters, we visualize core lines from the most representative ensemble member. We further compute ridges in a single 3D visitation map that is build from the ensemble of core lines, and we extract the most central core line from the ensemble closest-point representation. These ''averages'' are compared to the clustering results, and they are put into relation to ground truth jet-stream core lines at the predicted lead time.
description: Vision, Modeling and Visualization
description: Ensemble Analysis and Visualization
description: 81
description: 88
description: Michael Kern and Rüdiger Westermann
Nonperturbative XY-model approach to strong coupling superconductivity in two and three dimensions
Creators: name: Babaev, E.
name: Kleinert, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For an electron gas with delta-function attraction we investigate the crossover from weak- to strong-coupling supercoductivity in two and three dimensions. We derive analytic expressions for the stiffness of phase fluctuations and set up effective XY-models which serve to determine nonperturbatively the temperature of phase decoherence where superconductivity breaks down. We find the transition temperature T_c as a monotonous function of the coupling strength and carrier density both in two and three dimensions, and give analytic formulas for the merging of the temperature of phase decoherence with the temperature of pair formation in the weak-coupling limit.
description: Few typos corrected. Emails that were sent to the address egor@teorfys.uu.se in June and July 1999 were lost in a computer crash, so if your comments were not answered please send them once more
Big-bang Nucleosynthesis Enters the Precision Era
Creators: name: Schramm, David N.
name: Turner, Michael S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The last parameter of big-bang nucleosynthesis, the baryon density, is being pinned down by measurements of the deuterium abundance in high-redshift hydrogen clouds. When it is determined, it will fix the primeval light-element abundances. D, ^3He and ^7Li will become ``tracers'' for the study of Galactic and stellar chemical evolution, and big-bang nucleosynthesis will become an even sharper probe of particle physics, e.g., the bound to the number of light neutrino species will be tightened significantly. Two key tests of the consistency of the standard theory are on the horizon: an independent, high-precision determination of the baryon density from anisotropy of the cosmic background radiation and a precision determination of the primeval $^4$He abundance.
description: 19 pages Latex; 8 eps figures; submitted to Rev Mod Phys (Colloquia)
Visual Analytics of Simulation Ensembles for Network Dynamics
Creators: name: Ngo, Quynh Quang
name: Hütt, Marc-Thorsten
name: Linsen, Lars
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019

description: A central question in the field of Network Science is to analyze the role of a given network topology on the dynamical behavior captured by time-varying simulations executed on the network. These dynamical systems are also influenced by global simulation parameters. We present a visual analytics approach that supports the investigation of the impact of the parameter settings, i.e., how parameter choices change the role of network topology on the simulations' dynamics. To answer this question, we are analyzing ensembles of simulation runs with different parameter settings executed on a given network topology. We relate the nodes' topological structures to their dynamical similarity in a 2D plot based on an interactively defined hierarchy of topological properties and a 1D embedding for the dynamical similarity. We evaluate interactively defined topological groups with respect to matching dynamical behavior, which we visually encode as graphs of the function of the considered simulation parameter. Interactive filtering and coordinated views allow for a detailed analysis of the parameter space with respect to topology-dynamics relations. Our visual analytics approach is applied to scenarios for excitable dynamics on synthetic and real brain connectome networks.
description: Vision, Modeling and Visualization
description: Ensemble Analysis and Visualization
description: 89
description: 97
description: Quynh Quang Ngo, Marc-Thorsten Hütt, and Lars Linsen
The Effect of Explicit Structure Encoding of Deep Neural Networks for Symbolic Music Generation
Creators: name: Chen, Ke
name: Zhang, Weilin
name: Dubnov, Shlomo
name: Xia, Gus
name: Li, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: With recent breakthroughs in artificial neural networks, deep generative models have become one of the leading techniques for computational creativity. Despite very promising progress on image and short sequence generation, symbolic music generation remains a challenging problem since the structure of compositions are usually complicated. In this study, we attempt to solve the melody generation problem constrained by the given chord progression. This music meta-creation problem can also be incorporated into a plan recognition system with user inputs and predictive structural outputs. In particular, we explore the effect of explicit architectural encoding of musical structure via comparing two sequential generative models: LSTM (a type of RNN) and WaveNet (dilated temporal-CNN). As far as we know, this is the first study of applying WaveNet to symbolic music generation, as well as the first systematic comparison between temporal-CNN and RNN for music generation. We conduct a survey for evaluation in our generations and implemented Variable Markov Oracle in music pattern discovery. Experimental results show that to encode structure more explicitly using a stack of dilated convolution layers improved the performance significantly, and a global encoding of underlying chord progression into the generation procedure gains even more.
description: 8 pages, 13 figures
Six-fermion production and Higgs boson physics at future $e^+ e^-$ colliders
Creators: name: Gangemi, F.
name: Montagna, G.
name: Moretti, M.
name: Nicrosini, O.
name: Piccinini, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The six-fermion production processes $e^+e^-\to q\bar q l^+ l^-ν\barν$, with all the lepton flavours and $q=u,d,c,s$, relevant to the study of the intermediate-mass Higgs boson at future $e^+e^-$ linear colliders, are analysed. A Monte Carlo program, taking into account the whole set of tree-level scattering amplitudes and the relevant radiative effects, is developed to provide integrated cross sections and generation of unweighted events. The complete calculation is compared with the available results of real Higgs production, and the opportunities of precision studies with event generation are discussed, demonstrating the relevance of a full six-fermion calculation. Numerical results for integrated cross sections with various kinematical cuts and including radiative effects are given and commented. In the analysis of event samples, several distributions are studied and found to be sensitive to the presence and to the properties of the Higgs boson.
description: LaTeX, 27 pages, 13 figures included. Minor changes, final version to appear in Eur. Phys. J. C
Nanowires: A route to efficient thermoelectric devices
Creators: name: Dominguez-Adame, F.
name: Martin-Gonzalez, M .
name: Sanchez, D.
name: Cantarero, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Miniaturization of electronic devices aims at manufacturing ever smaller products, from mesoscopic to nanoscopic sizes. This trend is challenging because the increased levels of dissipated power demands a better understanding of heat transport in small volumes. A significant amount of the consumed energy is transformed into heat and dissipated to the environment. Thermoelectric materials offer the possibility to harness dissipated energy and make devices less energy-demanding. Heat-to-electricity conversion requires materials with a strongly suppressed thermal conductivity but still high electronic conduction. Nanowires can meet nicely these two requirements because enhanced phonon scattering at the surface and defects reduces the lattice thermal conductivity while electric conductivity is not deteriorated, leading to an overall remarkable thermoelectric efficiency. Therefore, nanowires are regarded as a promising route to achieving valuable thermoelectric materials at the nanoscale. In this paper, we present an overview of key experimental and theoretical results concerning the thermoelectric properties of nanowires. The focus of this review is put on the physical mechanisms by which the efficiency of nanowires can be improved. Phonon scattering at surfaces and interfaces, enhancement of the power factor by quantum effects and topological protection of electron states to prevent the degradation of electrical conductivity in nanowires are thoroughly discussed.
On the Domain Generalizability of RF Fingerprints Through Multifractal Dimension Representation
Creators: name: Johnson, Benjamin
name: Hamdaoui, Bechir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: RF data-driven device fingerprinting through the use of deep learning has recently surfaced as a possible method for enabling secure device identification and authentication. Traditional approaches are commonly susceptible to the domain adaptation problem where a model trained on data collected under one domain performs badly when tested on data collected under a different domain. Some examples of a domain change include varying the location or environment of the device and varying the time or day of the data collection. In this work, we propose using multifractal analysis and the variance fractal dimension trajectory (VFDT) as a data representation input to the deep neural network to extract device fingerprints that are domain generalizable. We analyze the effectiveness of the proposed VFDT representation in detecting device-specific signatures from hardware-impaired IQ (in-phase and quadrature) signals, and we evaluate its robustness in real-world settings, using an experimental testbed of 30 WiFi-enabled Pycom devices. Our experimental results show that the proposed VFDT representation improves the scalability, robustness and generalizability of the deep learning models significantly compared to when using IQ data samples.
description: 2023 IEEE Conference on Communications and Network Security (CNS). arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2308.07925