cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Structural and Magnetic Phase Diagram of CrAs and its Relationship with Pressure-induced Superconductivity
Creators: name: Shen, Yao
name: Wang, Qisi
name: Hao, Yiqing
name: Pan, Bingying
name: Feng, Yu
name: Huang, Q.
name: Harriger, L. W.
name: Leao, J. B.
name: Zhao, Y.
name: Chisnell, R. M.
name: Lynn, J. W.
name: Cao, Huibo
name: Hu, Jiangping
name: Zhao, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most unconventional superconductors, including cuprates and iron-based superconductors, are derived from chemical doping or application of pressure on their collinearly magnetic-ordered parent compounds[1-5]. The recently discovered pressure-induced superconductor CrAs, as a rare example of a non-collinear helimagnetic superconductor, has therefore generated great interest in understanding microscopic magnetic properties and their interplay with superconductivity [6-8]. Unlike cuprates and iron based superconductors where the magnetic moment direction barely changes upon doping, here we show that CrAs exhibits a spin reorientation from the ab plane to the ac plane, along with an abrupt drop of the magnetic propagation vector at a critical pressure (Pc~0.6 GPa). This magnetic phase transition coincides with the emergence of bulk superconductivity, indicating a direct connection between magnetism and superconductivity. With further increasing pressure, the magnetic order completely disappears near the optimal Tc regime (P~0.94 GPa). Moreover, the Cr magnetic moments between nearest neighbors tend to be aligned antiparallel with increasing pressure toward the optimal superconductivity regime. Our findings suggest that the non-collinear helimagnetic order is strongly coupled to structural and electronic degrees of freedom, and that antiferromagnetic correlations associated with the low magnetic vector phase are crucial for superconductivity.
description: Supplementary Information included
Higgs boson pair production in the D=6 extension of the SM
Creators: name: Goertz, Florian
name: Papaefstathiou, Andreas
name: Yang, Li Lin
name: Zurita, José
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the constraints that can be imposed on the dimension-6 effective theory extension of the Standard Model, using gluon fusion-initiated Higgs boson pair production at the LHC. We use a realistic analysis focussing on the $hh \rightarrow (b\bar{b}) ( τ^+ τ^- )$ final state, including initial-state radiation and non-perturbative effects. We include the statistical uncertainties on the signal rates as well as conservative estimates of the theoretical uncertainties. We first consider a theory containing only modifications of the trilinear coupling, through a $c_6 λ\, H^6/ v^2$ Lagrangian term, and then examine the full parameter space of the effective theory, incorporating current bounds obtained through single Higgs boson measurements. We also consider an alternative scenario, where we vary a smaller sub-set of parameters. Allowing, finally, the values of the other coefficients to vary within \textit{projected} experimental ranges, we find that the currently unbounded parameter, $c_6$, could be constrained to lie within $|c_6| \lesssim 0.6$ at 1$σ$ confidence, at the end of the high-luminosity run of the LHC (14~TeV) in the full model, and to $-0.6 \lesssim c_6 \lesssim 0.5$ in the alternative model. This study constitutes a first step towards the inclusion of multi-Higgs boson production in a full fit to the dimension-6 effective field theory framework.
description: 34 pages, 11 figures. Matches Journal version
Whitepaper on Co-evaluation of Citizen Social Science
Creators: name: Kieslinger, Barbara
name: Mayer, Katja
name: Schaefer, Teresa
name: Schuerz, Stefanie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: evaluation
citizen science
citizen social science
participation

description: This publication is based on the experiences collected over the course of 30 months while implementing participatory evaluation practices in the European funded research project CoAct. This citizen social science project’s primary goal was to address social concerns such as youth employment, mental healthcare, environmental justice and gender equality in the context of local citizen social science initiatives.  When people engage in scientific processes they are often personally affected by the research and its outcomes, such as patients reporting their Long Covid symptoms for health research, or residents contributing to the collection of biodiversity data in their neighbourhood. This is especially true in citizen social science, where participants actively contribute to investigating and finding solutions to challenges they face in their daily lives. This engagement, we are convinced, should be considered a possibility throughout the entirety of the research cycle, including research evaluation and impact assessment.  Particularly in such cases where people engage in research that affects their lifeworlds, they should be able to co-define the expected outcomes of the scientific process and reflect collectively how the fulfilment of these expectations could be tracked and measured. So why not describe in a participative manner how project developments could be measured against different interests, and define collaboratively what proof of success may look like? Such an evaluation and impact assessment is not left exclusively to scientists and professional evaluators, but actively includes all engaged actors of the scientific process as competent co-evaluators. With this Whitepaper, we want to raise awareness for participatory approaches towards evaluation and impact assessment in citizen social science. The six co-evaluation principles that form the core of this paper are intended to guide the participatory approach to project evaluation and to sharpen the focus for impact assessment. While these principles have been developed in the context of citizen social science activities, we believe in their wider applicability for citizen science in other domains and participatory research in general. 
Optical Properties of LiNbO$_2$ thin films
Creators: name: Kurachi, T.
name: Yamaguchi, T.
name: Kobayashi, E.
name: Soma, T.
name: Ohtomo, A.
name: Makino, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The complex dielectric functions of LiNbO$_2$ were determined using optical transmittance and reflectance spectroscopies at room temperature. The measured dielectric function spectra reveal distinct structures at several bandgap energies. The bandgaps (exciton resonances) in the spectrum were observed at ca. 2.3, 3.2, 3.9, and 5.1 eV, respectively. These experimental data have been fit using a model dielectric function based on the electronic energy-band structure near critical points plus excitonic effects. The features of measured dielectric functions are, to some extent, reproduced quantitatively by an ab-initio calculation including the interaction effects between electrons and holes.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Acceleration in de Sitter spacetimes
Creators: name: Cotaescu, Ion I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a definition of uniform accelerated frames in de Sitter spacetimes applying the Nachtmann method of introducing coordinates using suitable point-dependent isometries. In order to recover the well-known Rindler approach in the flat limit, we require the transformation between the static frame and the accelerated one to depend continuously on acceleration, obtaining thus the natural generalization of the Rindler transformation to the de Sitter spacetimes of any dimensions.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Hybrid Optical Turbulence Models Using Machine Learning and Local Measurements
Creators: name: Jellen, Christopher
name: Nelson, Charles
name: Burkhardt, John
name: Brownell, Cody
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurate prediction of atmospheric optical turbulence in localized environments is essential for estimating the performance of free-space optical systems. Macro-meteorological models developed to predict turbulent effects in one environment may fail when applied in new environments. However, existing macro-meteorological models are expected to offer some predictive power. Building a new model from locally-measured macro-meteorology and scintillometer readings can require significant time and resources, as well as a large number of observations. These challenges motivate the development of a machine-learning informed hybrid model framework. By combining some baseline macro-meteorological model with local observations, hybrid models were trained to improve upon the predictive power of each baseline model. Comparisons between the performance of the hybrid models, the selected baseline macro-meteorological models, and machine-learning models trained only on local observations highlight potential use cases for the hybrid model framework when local data is expensive to collect. Both the hybrid and data-only models were trained using the Gradient Boosted Decision Tree (GBDT) architecture with a variable number of in-situ meteorological observations. The hybrid and data-only models were found to outperform three baseline macro-meteorological models, even for low numbers of observations, in some cases as little as one day. For the first baseline macro-meteorological model investigated, the hybrid model achieves an estimated 29% reduction in mean absolute error (MAE) using only one days-equivalent of observation, growing to 41% after only two days, and 68% after 180 days-equivalent training data. The number of days-equivalent training data required is potentially indicative of the seasonal variation in the local microclimate and its propagation environment.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
title: Die Etablierung von Krypto-Assets und ihr Einfluss auf das Steuerrecht innerhalb der Europäischen Union
Creators: name: Tombul, Kaan
Year: 2022

description: In dieser Master-Thesis geht es um das Phänomen der Krypto-Assets und ihr Einfluss auf das europäische Steuerrecht. Durch jahrelange Ignoranz gegenüber dieser Form von Assets, fühlen sich nun europäische und nationale Gesetzgeber der Mitgliedstaaten und andere Institutionen im internationalen Steuerrecht überfordert und versuchen so schnell es geht Fuß zu fassen. Ob dieses Unterfangen jetzt noch möglich ist und welche Herausforderungen diese neuartigen Assets mit sich bringen, wird/wurde in dieser Arbeit durch das Präsentieren und das Analysieren verschiedener Aspekte und Ebenen im europäischen und internationalen Steuerrecht dargestellt.
Appearance of bulk Superconductivity under Hydrostatic Pressure in Sr0.5RE0.5FBiS2 (RE = Ce, Nd, Pr and Sm) compounds
Creators: name: Jha, Rajveer
name: Tiwari, Brajesh
name: Awana, V. P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the appearance of superconductivity under hydrostatic pressure (0.35 to 2.5GPa) in Sr0.5RE0.5FBiS2 with RE = Ce, Nd, Pr and Sm. The studied compounds, synthesized by solid state reaction route, are crystallized in tetragonal P4/nmm space group. At ambient pressure though the RE = Ce exhibit the onset of superconductivity below 2.5K, the Nd, Pr and Sm samples are not superconducting down to 2K. With application of hydrostatic pressure (up to 2.5GPa), superconducting transition temperature is increased to around 10K for all the studied samples. The magneto-transport measurements are carried out on all the samples with maximum Tc i.e., at under 2.5GPa pressure and their upper critical fields are determined. The new superconducting compounds appear to be quite robust against magnetic field but within Pauli paramagnetic limit. The new superconducting compounds with various RE (Ce, Nd, Pr and Sm) belonging to Sr0.5La0.5FBiS2 family are successfully synthesized for the first time and superconductivity is induced in them under hydrostatic pressure.
description: 17 pages text + Figs: First report on Sr0.5(Ce/Nd/Pr/Sm)0.5FBiS2 new compounds superconducting under pressure
Close correlation between magnetic properties and the soft phonon mode of the structural transition in BaFe$_{2}$As$_{2}$ and SrFe$_{2}$As$_{2}$
Creators: name: Parshall, D.
name: Pintschovius, L.
name: Lamago, D.
name: Castellan, J. -P.
name: Niedziela, J. L.
name: Wolf, Th.
name: Reznik, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parent compounds of Fe-based superconductors undergo a structural phase transition from a tetragonal to an orthorhombic structure. We investigated the temperature dependence of the frequencies of transverse acoustic (TA) phonons that extrapolate to the shear vibrational mode at the zone center, which corresponds to the orthorhombic deformation of the crystal structure at low temperatures in BaFe 2 As 2 and SrFe 2 As 2 . We found that acoustic phonons at small wavevectors soften gradually towards the transition from high temperatures, tracking the increase of the size of slowly fluctuating magnetic domains. On cooling below the transition to base temperature the phonons harden, following the square of the magnetic moment. Our results provide evidence for close correlation between magnetic and phonon properties in Fe-based superconductors.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Nuclear force and the EMC effect
Creators: name: Wang, Rong
name: Chen, Xurong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A linear correlation is shown quantitatively between the magnitude of the EMC effect measured in electron deep inelastic scattering (DIS) and the nuclear residual strong interaction energy (RSIE) obtained from nuclear binding energy subtracting the Coulomb energy contribution. This phenomenological relationship is used to extract the size of in-medium correction (IMC) effect on deuteron and to predict the EMC slopes $|dR_{EMC}/dx|$ of various nuclei. We further investigate the correlations between RSIE and other quantities which are related to the EMC effect. The observed correlations among RSIE, EMC slope and SRC ratio $R_{2N}N_{total}/N_{np(^3S_1)}$ imply that the local nuclear environment drives the modification of quark distributions.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
ПРАГМАТИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ ЭТИКЕТНОГО РЕЧЕВОГО ЖАНРА ПРОСЬБЫ В АНГЛИЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ НА ПРИМЕРЕ ФИЛЬМА "OFFICE SPACE"
Creators: name: Базаралиева, Азиза
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Речевой жанр просьбы можно встретить во всех сферах употребления языка. Его можно встретить не только в реальном повседневном общении, но и в фильмах и романах, что относится к прагматическому исследованию языка. Феномен речевых жанров происходит не только в реальной жизни, но и в кино, так как они отражают реальную жизнь человека. Диалоги персонажей отражают человеческое общение, которое состоит из речевых жанров. Они применяют их в своих высказываниях, чтобы достичь своих намерений, например, когда персонажи просят кого-то что-то сделать или выражают свои чувства.
title: Chemical spectroscopy of individual human milk extracellular vesicles
Creators: name: Hondl, Nikolaus
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: AFM
subject: Infrarotspektroskopie
subject: extrazelluläre Vesikel
subject: AFM
subject: Infrared Spectroscopy
subject: extracellular vesicles

description: Extrazelluläre Vesikel (EVs) sind nanoskalige Partikel, die mit verschiedenen physiologischen und pathologischen Funktionen in Verbindung gebracht werden. Sie spielen eine Schlüsselrolle bei der Kommunikation zwischen den Zellen und werden als Transportmittel für verschiedene Zellbestandteile verwendet. Es wird angenommen, dass EVs in der menschlichen Milch wichtig für die Ernährung von Säuglingen und für die Entwicklung ihrer erworbenen Immunität sind. Moderne Analysemethoden sind nicht in der Lage, markierungsfreie chemische Informationen auf der Ebene einzelner Vesikel zu liefern. Daher sind neue Analysetechniken erforderlich, um die chemischen Unterschiede innerhalb der EV-(Sub-)Population zu untersuchen [1]. Wir stellen ein Protokoll zur Erstellung von Profilen der Struktur und Zusammensetzung einzelner EVs mit Hilfe der photothermischen Rastersonden-Infrarotspektroskopie (AFM-IR) vor. Zunächst werden EVs mit Hilfe vonmikrokontaktgedruckten Anti-CD9-Antikörpern auf einer Silikonoberfläche immobilisiert. AFM-IR liefert dann sowohl die EV-Größe als auch Spektren im mittleren Infrarotbereich für einzelne Vesikel. Die erhaltenen Spektren lassen sich gut mit Bulk-Referenzspektren vergleichen. Darüber hinaus liefern AFM-IR-Bilder spektrale Informationen für mehrere EVs innerhalb einer einzigen Messung. Das Stapeln von Bildern, die bei unterschiedlichen Wellenzahlen aufgenommen wurden, liefert hyperspektrale chemische Bilder von Vesikelnmit räumlicher Auflösung im Nanobereich.
description: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanosized particles, which are associated with various physiological and pathological functions. They play a key role in intercell communication and are used as transport vehicles for various cell components. In human milk, EVs are believed to be important for the nutrition of infants and for the development of their acquired immunity. State of the art analysis methods are not able to provide label free chemical information at the single-vesicle level, hence new analysis techniques are required to study the chemical difference within EV (sub-)population [1]. We introduce a protocol to profile structure and composition of individual EVs with the help of photothermal scanning probe infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR). First, EVs are immobilized onto a silicone surface using microcontact printed Anti-CD9 antibodies.AFM-IR then provides both EV size and mid-infrared spectra for individual vesicles. The received spectra compare favorably to bulk reference spectra. In addition, AFM-IR images provide spectral information for multiple EVs within a single measurement. Stacking images taken at different wavenumbers yields hyperspectral chemical images of vesicles at nanoscale spatial resolution.
Shadows of Anyons
Creators: name: Haegeman, Jutho
name: Zauner, Valentin
name: Schuch, Norbert
name: Verstraete, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The eigenvalue structure of the quantum transfer matrix is known to encode essential information about the elementary excitations. Here we study transfer matrices of quantum states in a topological phase using the tensor network formalism. We demonstrate that topological quantum order requires a particular type of `symmetry breaking' for the fixed point subspace of the transfer matrix, and relate physical anyon excitations to domain wall excitations at the level of the transfer matrix. A topological phase transition to a trivial phase triggers a change in the fixed point subspace to either a larger or smaller symmetry and we explain how this relates to a condensation or confinement of the corresponding anyon sectors. The tensor network formalism enables us to determine the structure of the topological sectors in two-dimensional gapped phases very efficiently, therefore opening novel avenues for studying fundamental open questions related to anyon condensation.
description: updated version, extended discussion
Emergent spin-glass state in the doped Hund's metal CsFe2As2
Creators: name: Li, S. J.
name: Zhao, D.
name: Wang, S.
name: Cui, S. T.
name: Wang, N. Z.
name: Li, J.
name: Song, D. W.
name: Kang, B. L.
name: Zheng, L. X.
name: Nie, L. P.
name: Wu, Z. M.
name: Zhou, Y. B.
name: Shan, M.
name: Sun, Z.
name: Wu, T.
name: Chen, X. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hund's metal is one kind of correlated metal, in which the electronic correlation is strongly influenced by the Hund's interaction. At high temperatures, while the charge and orbital degrees of freedom are quenched, the spin degrees of freedom can persist in terms of frozen moments. As temperature decreases, a coherent electronic state with characteristic orbital differentiation always emerges at low temperatures through an incoherent-to-coherent crossover, which has been widely observed in iron-based superconductors (e.g., iron selenides and AFe2As2 (A = K, Rb, Cs)). Consequently, the above frozen moments are "screened" by coupling to orbital degrees of freedom, leading to an emergent Fermi-liquid state. In contrast, the coupling among frozen moments should impede the formation of the Fermi-liquid state by competitive magnetic ordering, which is still unexplored in Hund's metal. Here, in the iron-based Hund's metal CsFe2As2, we adopt a chemical substitution at iron sites by Cr/Co atoms to explore the competitive magnetic ordering. By a comprehensive study of resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, specific heat and nuclear magnetic resonance, we demonstrate that the Fermi-liquid state is destroyed in Cr-doped CsFe2As2 by a spinfreezing transition below T_g ~ 22 K. Meanwhile, the evolution of charge degrees of freedom measured by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy also supports the competition between the Fermi-liquid state and spin-glass state.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures
Higher Education Student Experiences of Blended Learning: Unpacking Responsive, Supportive and Flexible Learning Design
Creators: name: Weller, Jacolyn
name: Miles-Keogh, Rebecca
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education

description: Australian higher education has changed significantly with student cohorts that are increasingly economically and geographically diverse. Online and blended learning delivery has become more prevalent in response. This research reports on data collected to gain an insight into the perceptions
 of final year Bachelor of Education students during the implementation of a responsive model of blended learning. Analysis of data identified personalised assistance at the point of need, flexibility and choice, scaffolding assessment tasks, and communication and organisation best supported
 student learning. This study contributes to research on blended learning design and university student perceptions of a supportive learning environment.
title: Влияние йодсодержащих добавок на органолептические показатели молочных продуктов
Creators: name: Цветкова, Дарья
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: Заболевания, связанные с недостатком йода в организме, проявляются все чаще. Это влечет за собой снижение иммунитета, задержки развития – как умственного, так и физического. Такое заболевание, как эндемический зоб, возникает при систематической нехватке этого микроэлемента в рационе питания. Показатель
распространенности этого заболевания увеличивается в России с каждым годом. По данным ВОЗ, более двух миллиардов человек на планете страдают йододефицитом, из них у 740 млн выявлен эндемический зоб, умственно отстают 43 млн человека, болеют кретинизмом более 6 млн человек. Поэтому во избежание роста населения с йододефицитом и последующими заболеваниями необходимо принимать профилактические меры. В статье отражено влияние йодсодержащих добавок на органолептические показатели молочных продуктов.
Raman spectroscopy as probe of nanometer-scale strain variations in graphene
Creators: name: Neumann, Christoph
name: Reichardt, Sven
name: Venezuela, Pedro
name: Drögeler, Marc
name: Banszerus, Luca
name: Schmitz, Michael
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Mauri, Francesco
name: Beschoten, Bernd
name: Rotkin, Slava V.
name: Stampfer, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Confocal Raman spectroscopy is a versatile, non-invasive investigation tool and a major workhorse for graphene characterization. Here we show that the experimentally observed Raman 2D line width is a measure of nanometer-scale strain variations in graphene. By investigating the relation between the G and 2D line at high magnetic fields we find that the 2D line width contains valuable information on nanometer-scale flatness and lattice deformations of graphene, making it a good quantity for classifying the structural quality of graphene even at zero magnetic field.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Short-term impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and different phosphorus levels on selected soil properties and growth components of two dry bean cultivars in phosphorus-deficient soils
Creators: name: Moila, Mavis Maserole
name: Manyevere, Alen
name: Sandile Mthimkhulu
name: Mariga, Irvine
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Low yields of dry beans are often associated with lack of inoculation with biofertilisers and deficiencies in soil phosphorus (P). A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and P fertiliser on dry bean growth and soil properties in Limpopo province, South Africa. The experiment was laid out in a split-split plot design. The main treatments were: (a) dry bean cultivars (red-speckled and small-white haricot), (b) sub-plot treatments: AMF inoculation (mycoroots) levels (with and without inoculation) and (c) sub-sub plot treatments: different levels of P (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg P ha−1). The soil and plant growth parameters were analysed using Analysis of Variance (p = 0.05). The interaction of cultivar and P levels indicated that P application improved growth and yield of both cultivars and also suggested that the optimum P level for red-speckled beans was 40 kg ha–1 while that of small-white haricot beans was 30 kg ha−1. Red-speckled beans showed greater growth and yield than the small-white haricot beans. There was no clear impact on soil properties in the short term. These results indicate that raising the soil P levels may improve dry bean growth and yield, and red-speckled beans could be a better option for farmers than small-white haricot beans.
Wavelength Dependences of the Optical/UV and X-ray Luminosity Correlations of Quasars
Creators: name: Jin, Chichuan
name: Lusso, Elisabeta
name: Ward, Martin
name: Done, Chris
name: Middei, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inter-band correlations between optical/UV and X-ray luminosities of active galactic nuclei (AGN) are important for understanding the disc-coronal connection, as well as using AGN as standard candles for cosmology. It is conventional to measure the X-ray luminosity at rest frame 2 keV and compare to the UV luminosity at the rest-frame 2500 Å, but the wavelength-dependence was never well explored. In this work, we adopt a well-defined sample of 1169 unobscured quasars in the redshift range 0.13 - 4.51, and apply the direct-correlation method to explore how the correlation with the 2 keV luminosity changes at different optical/UV wavelengths, from 1280 - 5550 Å where the spectral quality is high. We find that the luminosity at all UV continuum wavelengths correlates with the X-ray luminosity similarly to that at 2500 Å, and that these correlations are better than at the optical wavelengths. Strong self-correlation is also found in the broadband optical/UV continuum, supporting the scenario that it is dominated by the disc emission. Correlations of various emission lines are also investigated (e.g. C IV, C III], Mg II, H$β$, [O III]$λλ4959/5007$), including the Baldwin effect and correlations involving line-widths. We find the forms of these line correlations are different, and they are also different from their underlying continua, suggesting various complexities in the line-generation process. We discuss these results in the disc-wind scenario. Our study confirms that the rest-frame 2500 Å is a good wavelength to represent the optical/UV continual properties of quasars, and shows the advantages of the direct-correlation method.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Stripped elliptical galaxies as probes of ICM physics: I. Tails, wakes, and flow patterns in and around stripped ellipticals
Creators: name: Roediger, E.
name: Kraft, R. P.
name: Nulsen, P. E. J.
name: Forman, W. R.
name: Machacek, M.
name: Randall, S.
name: Jones, C.
name: Churazov, E.
name: Kokotanekova, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elliptical cluster galaxies are progressively stripped of their atmospheres due to their motion through the intra-cluster medium (ICM). Deep X-ray observations reveal the fine-structure of the galaxy's remnant atmosphere and its gas tail and wake. This fine-structure depends on dynamic conditions (galaxy potential, initial gas contents, orbit through the host cluster), orbital stage (early infall, pre-/post-pericenter passage), and ICM plasma properties (thermal conductivity, viscosity, magnetic field structure). We aim to disentangle dynamic and plasma effects in order to use stripped ellipticals as probes of ICM plasma properties. This first paper of a series investigates the hydrodynamics of progressive gas stripping by means of inviscid hydrodynamical simulations. We distinguish a long-lasting initial relaxation phase and a quasi-steady stripping phase. During quasi-steady stripping, the ICM flow around the remnant atmosphere resembles the flow around solid bodies, including a `deadwater' region in the near wake. Gas is stripped from the remnant atmosphere predominantly at its sides via Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities. The downstream atmosphere is largely shielded from the ICM wind and thus shaped into a tail. Observationally, both, this `remnant tail' and the stripped gas in the wake can appear as a `tail', but only in the wake can galactic gas mix with the ambient ICM. While the qualitative results are generic, the simulations presented here are tailored to the Virgo elliptical galaxy M89 (NGC 4552) for the most direct comparison to observations. Papers II and III of this series describe the effect of viscosity and compare to Chandra and XMM-Newton observations, respectively.
description: ApJ, in press. 19 pages, 13 figures. Clarifications added, text restructured. Conclusions unchanged
Relationships between commonly-used South African and international soil phosphorus extraction tests on pristine and cultivated soils
Creators: name: VG White
name: AG Hardie
name: PJ Raath
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: The availability of soil phosphorus (P) norms for various plant available P tests is limited due to the cost of establishing these norms. Consequently a need exists for a means of converting between the values of commonly used South-African and international soil P extraction tests for advisory purposes or comparing the results of soil P studies from different regions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare and correlate eight widely used soil P extraction tests on a wide variety of South African soils (48 pristine and cultivated samples). It was found that the relative effectiveness of total P extraction was a follows: 1:2 H2O < Olsen < Colwell < Bray I < Ambic I < Bray II < Mehlich II ≈ citric acid. The strongest linear correlations were observed between Mehlich III, Bray I and Bray II (r = 0.92–0.99, p < 0.001), Ambic I and citric acid (r = 0.96, p < 0.001), and Olsen and Bray I, Bray II and Mehlich III (r = 0.85–0.89, p < 0.001). Thus, it is possible to directly convert between the soil P values of these tests with more confidence using linear regression equations derived in this study.
Geodesic rigidity of conformal connections on surfaces
Creators: name: Mettler, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that a conformal connection on a closed oriented surface $Σ$ of negative Euler characteristic preserves precisely one conformal structure and is furthermore uniquely determined by its unparametrised geodesics. As a corollary it follows that the unparametrised geodesics of a Riemannian metric on $Σ$ determine the metric up to constant rescaling. It is also shown that every conformal connection on the $2$-sphere lies in a complex $5$-manifold of conformal connections, all of which share the same unparametrised geodesics.
description: 16 pages, exposition improved, references added
Effective low energy theory for surface Andreev bound states of superconducting phases in generalized Bernevig-Hughes-Zhang models
Creators: name: Hao, Lei
name: Lee, Ting-Kuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method for constructing the low energy effective models for pairings in the generalized Bernevig-Hughes-Zhang model for materials like Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ is proposed. Pairings in this two-orbital model are identified with those familiar in one-orbital models, enabling a unified understanding. The theory provides an easy way to understand the topological nature of the superconducting state that is not directly related to the topological order in the normal state but due to subtle coupling among the degrees of freedom. Furthermore this approach shows a simple way to characterize the anisotropic nature of surface Andreev bound states (SABSs). In particular, we have identified the conditions to have a surprising new result of having two pairs of SABSs. It also leads to a conclusion that SABSs always connect with the topological surface states if the latter are well defined at the chemical potential.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures. An abbreviated version is published in JPCM
title: Качество свинины и факторы, ее определяющие
Creators: name: Яковлева, Ольга
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: Свиноводство является наиболее эффективной и скороспелой отраслью животноводства среди всех остальных отраслей. Она динамично меняется в технологическом и селекционном плане. Биологические особенности свиней, такие как: высокое многоплодие, скороспелость, всеядность, хорошая эффективность использования
кормов –влияют на высокий удельный вес свинины в мясном балансе. Немаловажными критериями считаются отличные вкусовые и диетические качества мяса. Из-за сложившихся исторических кулинарных вкусов нашей страны и рентабельности производства свинина является основным видом произведенного и потребленного мяса. Более 56% мяса, потребляемого на душу населения, приходится на долю свинины. Качество мяса определяется содержанием питательных веществ, энергетической ценностью и органолептическими характеристиками, степенью их усвоения организмом, химическим составом и доброкачественностью. В статье приведены факторы, определяющие это качество.
Glassy slowdown and replica-symmetry-breaking instantons
Creators: name: Adams, Allan
name: Anous, Tarek
name: Lee, Jaehoon
name: Yaida, Sho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Glass-forming liquids exhibit a dramatic dynamical slowdown as the temperature is lowered. This can be attributed to relaxation proceeding via large structural rearrangements whose characteristic size increases as the system cools. These cooperative rearrangements are well modeled by instantons in a replica effective field theory, with the size of the dominant instanton encoding the liquid's cavity point-to-set correlation length. Varying the parameters of the effective theory corresponds to varying the statistics of the underlying free-energy landscape. We demonstrate that, for a wide range of parameters, replica-symmetry-breaking instantons dominate. The detailed structure of the dominant instanton provides a rich window into point-to-set correlations and glassy dynamics.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures; v2: narrative revised to clarify our effective-theoretic viewpoint, results unchanged, added references
title: COVID-19-Maßnahmen: Krisenmanagement der österreichischen Bundesregierung im Spannungsfeld von Ökonomie, Ethik und Grundrechten
Creators: name: Wetscherek, Brigitte
Year: 2022

description: Untersuchungsgegenstand: Ablauf und Pandemiemanagement der österreichischen Bundesregierung im Verlauf der COVID-19-Pandemie anhand von Datenanalysen der fünf Pandemiewellen, Arbeits- und Wirtschaftsstatistiken, Verordnungen und Gesetzen sowie Folgeschäden in gesundheitlicher und ethischer Hinsicht, Studien und Medienberichterstattung. Theorie: Grundlage der Argumentation ist die Einordnung in die Theorie des britischen Ökonomen John Maynard Keynes unter Gegenüberstellung der Einwände des amerikanischen Wirtschaftswissenschaftlers Milton Friedman als Vertreter des Monetarismus. Ziel, Fragen, Hypothesen: Bewertung von Erfolg und Misserfolg der Maßnahmensetzung in den fünf Pandemiewellen, Auswirkungen der staatlichen Eingriffe auf Wirtschaft, Einhaltung der Menschenrechte, Berücksichtigung der ethischen Vorgangsweise, Verpflichtung des Staates zum Ausgleich von Arbeitslosigkeit und wirtschaftlichen Defiziten. Forschungsdesign: Erfassung und Analyse realer Sachverhalte der Pandemie auf Basis von selbst erstellten Tabellen und Diagrammen (von täglichen Neuinfektionen und daraus abgeleiteten Statistikdaten, Zahl der Krankenhaus- und Intensivstationsbelegungen, Anzahl der Todesfälle im Vergleich zu anderen Ländern) und Bewertung des von der österreichischen Bundesregierung gewählten Weges zur Pandemiebekämpfung. Ergebnis: Keine Gesamtbeurteilung, sondern schrittweise Beobachtung des Pandemiegeschehens mit dem Wunsch, eine Wertung und Hinweise für zukünftige Vorgehensweisen zu erhalten. Literatur: Wirtschafts-, Arbeitslosen- und Infektionsdaten (Statistik Austria, AGES, ORF) Bundesministerium für Soziales, Gesundheit, Pflege und Konsumentenschutz, COVID-19-Analyse der sozialen Lage in Österreich. Hengstschläger/Leeb, Grundrechte, Manz, Wien, 2019 Hiersche/K. Holzinger/Eibl, Handbuch der Epidemierechts unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Regelungen betreffend COVID-19, Manz, Wien, 2020.
Stripped elliptical galaxies as probes of ICM physics: II. Stirred, but mixed? Viscous and inviscid gas stripping of the Virgo elliptical M89
Creators: name: Roediger, E.
name: Kraft, R. P.
name: Nulsen, P. E. J.
name: Forman, W. R.
name: Machacek, M.
name: Randall, S.
name: Jones, C.
name: Churazov, E.
name: Kokotanekova, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elliptical galaxies moving through the intra-cluster medium (ICM) are progressively stripped of their gaseous atmospheres. X-ray observations reveal the structure of galactic tails, wakes, and the interface between the galactic gas and the ICM. This fine-structure depends on dynamic conditions (galaxy potential, initial gas contents, orbit in the host cluster), orbital stage (early infall, pre-/post-pericenter passage), as well as on the still ill-constrained ICM plasma properties (thermal conductivity, viscosity, magnetic field structure). Paper I describes flow patterns and stages of inviscid gas stripping. Here we study the effect of a Spitzer-like temperature dependent viscosity corresponding to Reynolds numbers, Re, of 50 to 5000 with respect to the ICM flow around the remnant atmosphere. Global flow patterns are independent of viscosity in this Reynolds number range. Viscosity influences two aspects: In inviscid stripping, Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities (KHIs) at the sides of the remnant atmosphere lead to observable horns or wings. Increasing viscosity suppresses KHIs of increasing length scale, and thus observable horns and wings. Furthermore, in inviscid stripping, stripped galactic gas can mix with the ambient ICM in the galaxy's wake. This mixing is suppressed increasingly with increasing viscosity, such that viscously stripped galaxies have long X-ray bright, cool wakes. We provide mock X-ray images for different stripping stages and conditions. While these qualitative results are generic, we tailor our simulations to the Virgo galaxy M89 (NGC 4552), where Re~ 50 corresponds to a viscosity of 10% of the Spitzer level. Paper III compares new deep Chandra and archival XMM-Newton data to our simulations.
description: ApJ in press. 16 pages, 16 figures. Text clarified, conclusions unchanged
SciOPS Impacts of COVID-19 Survey I
Creators: name: Center For Science, Technology
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2023

description: Negative impacts of coronavirus (COVID-19) policies on research (17); positive impacts of COVID-19 policies on research (6); actions taken to address research funding issues related to COVID-19 pandemic (8); personal contributions to help address the COVID-19 pandemic (9); risk/benefit tradeoff associated with bypassing FDA formal approval process during a national pandemic emergency (3); would/would not be ethical to bypass FDA formal approval process to distribute COVID-19 vaccines more quickly (1); use of surveillance technologies to track disease transmission (1).
Scalable Nonparametric Bayesian Inference on Point Processes with Gaussian Processes
Creators: name: Samo, Yves-Laurent Kom
name: Roberts, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we propose the first non-parametric Bayesian model using Gaussian Processes to make inference on Poisson Point Processes without resorting to gridding the domain or to introducing latent thinning points. Unlike competing models that scale cubically and have a squared memory requirement in the number of data points, our model has a linear complexity and memory requirement. We propose an MCMC sampler and show that our model is faster, more accurate and generates less correlated samples than competing models on both synthetic and real-life data. Finally, we show that our model easily handles data sizes not considered thus far by alternate approaches.
description: To appear at the International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML), 2015
title: Vom Labor in die Küche!
Creators: name: Dabrowski, Adam
Year: 2022

description: Essen ist ein großer Bestandteil unseres Lebens, immerhin sollen wir im besten Fall drei Mal täglich essen. Man soll sich möglichst gut und gesund ernähren, doch wo-her weiß man, was gut oder unpassend ist? Es ist ein erweitertes Wissen über unsere Nahrungsmittel und die chemischen Prozesse beim Kochen notwendig, um ein eigenes Urteil fällen zu können. Kulinarische Chemie bietet sich hierbei als Konzept an, um solche alltäglichen Kompetenzen zu fördern. Die Literatur zeigt das Bedürfnis auf, sich vertiefend mit kulinarischer Chemie zu beschäftigen. Der Lehr-plan im Fach Chemie enthält zudem eine Grundlage zur Anwendung kulinarischer Chemie. Anhand eines Chemie-Projektes wurde der Einfluss des Konzeptes kulinarische Chemie auf die Kompetenzen von Schüler*innen untersucht. Über einen Vorher- und Nachher-Vergleich einer Umfrage konnte aufgezeigt werden, dass kulinarische Chemie die Kompetenzen der Schüler*innen positiv beeinflusste. Diese positive Entwicklung empfiehlt, das Konzept der kulinarischen Chemie in den herkömmlichen Chemieunterricht miteinzubauen.
description: Food is an essential part of our lives, after all, most of us eat three meals a day. Hence, everybody should have the opportunity to choose the most nutritious option. But how can people know which foods are healthy? In order to make competent decisions, more information about food as well as the chemical processes behind its preparation is required. Culinary chemistry is a concept that can be applied to foster those competencies. While literature finds a growing need for the application of culinary chemistry in school, the Austrian curriculum provides a basis for it. Therefore, a small chemistry project was developed to ascertain the influence of culinary chemistry on students’ competence development. A comparative analysis of before and after project surveys shows that culinary chemistry was able to positively influence students’ competences. This leads to the conclusion that culinary chemistry should be implemented in 8th grade chemistry classes.
Higher-order Lorentz-invariance violation, quantum gravity and fine-tuning
Creators: name: Reyes, Carlos M.
name: Ossandon, Sebastian
name: Reyes, Camilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The issue of Lorentz fine-tuning in effective theories containing higher-order operators is studied. To this end, we focus on the Myers-Pospelov extension of QED with dimension-five operators in the photon sector and standard fermions. We compute the fermion self-energy at one-loop order considering its even and odd $CPT$ contributions. In the even sector we find small radiative corrections to the usual parameters of QED which also turn to be finite. In the odd sector the axial operator is shown to contain unsuppressed effects of Lorentz violation leading to a possible fine-tuning. We use dimensional regularization to deal with the divergencies and a generic preferred four-vector. Taking the first steps in the renormalization procedure for Lorentz violating theories we arrive to acceptable small corrections allowing to set the bound $ξ<6 \times10^{-3}$.
description: 11 pages, new version with the correct pole extraction