cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Adversarial Training for Machine Reading Comprehension with Virtual Embeddings
Creators: name: Yang, Ziqing
name: Cui, Yiming
name: Si, Chenglei
name: Che, Wanxiang
name: Liu, Ting
name: Wang, Shijin
name: Hu, Guoping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Adversarial training (AT) as a regularization method has proved its effectiveness on various tasks. Though there are successful applications of AT on some NLP tasks, the distinguishing characteristics of NLP tasks have not been exploited. In this paper, we aim to apply AT on machine reading comprehension (MRC) tasks. Furthermore, we adapt AT for MRC tasks by proposing a novel adversarial training method called PQAT that perturbs the embedding matrix instead of word vectors. To differentiate the roles of passages and questions, PQAT uses additional virtual P/Q-embedding matrices to gather the global perturbations of words from passages and questions separately. We test the method on a wide range of MRC tasks, including span-based extractive RC and multiple-choice RC. The results show that adversarial training is effective universally, and PQAT further improves the performance.
description: Accepted to *SEM 2021 workshop at ACL 2021
Absence of low-temperature dependence of the decay of 7Be and 198Au in metallic hosts
Creators: name: Kumar, V.
name: Hass, M.
name: Nir-El, Y.
name: Haquin, G.
name: Yungreiss, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electron-capture (EC) decay rate of 7Be in metallic Cu host and the beta-decay rate of 198Au in the host alloy Al-Au have been measured simultaneously at several temperatures, ranging from 0.350 K to 293 K. No difference of the half-life of 198Au between 12.5 K and 293 K is observed to a precision of 0.1%. By utilizing the special characteristics of our double-source assembly, possible geometrical effects that influence the individual rates could be eliminated. The ratio of 7Be to 198Au activity thus obtained also remains constant for this temperatures range to the experimental precision of 0.15(0.16)%. The resulting null temperature dependence is discussed in terms of the inadequacy of the often-used Debye-Huckel model for such measurements.
description: Four pages, three figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C (Rapd Communications)
Vorwort
Creators: name: Schörner, Günther
Publisher: name: Projektinitiative Roman Rural Landscapes am Institut für Klassische Archäologie der Universität Wien
Year: 2020
Subjects: digital archaeology
landscape archaeology
settlement archaeology
GIS
data
ÖFOS 2012 -- HUMANITIES (6) -- History, Archaeology (601) -- History, Archaeology (6010) -- Classical archaeology (601010)
ÖFOS 2012 -- GEISTESWISSENSCHAFTEN (6) -- Geschichte, Archäologie (601) -- Geschichte, Archäologie (6010) -- Klassische Archäologie (601010)
Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus, classical archaeology

description: ‚Vienna Orme and Pesa Valley Project. Proceedings of the International Workshop held at Vienna, June 22–23, 2018‘ ist der erste Band einer neuen Publikationsreihe mit dem Namen ‚Roman Rural Landscapes Monograph Series‘. Die Reihe sollen dazu dienen, Forschungsergebnisse, die im Rahmen der Plattform Roman Rural Landscapes am Institut für Klassische Archäologie der Universität Wien erzielt wurden, schnell und unkompliziert einer breiten Öffentlichkeit zu präsentieren. Besonderer Wert soll dabei auf die Publikation von wissenschaftlichen Qualifikationsarbeiten gelegt werden. Bereits der erste Band ist hierfür als Beispiel zu sehen, da er Ergebnisse studentischer Abschlussarbeiten ebenso umfasst wie Resultate drittmittelgeförderter Einzeluntersuchungen.
Demonstrating Heisenberg-limited unambiguous phase estimation without adaptive measurements
Creators: name: Higgins, B. L.
name: Berry, D. W.
name: Bartlett, S. D.
name: Mitchell, M. W.
name: Wiseman, H. M.
name: Pryde, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive, and experimentally demonstrate, an interferometric scheme for unambiguous phase estimation with precision scaling at the Heisenberg limit that does not require adaptive measurements. That is, with no prior knowledge of the phase, we can obtain an estimate of the phase with a standard deviation that is only a small constant factor larger than the minimum physically allowed value. Our scheme resolves the phase ambiguity that exists when multiple passes through a phase shift, or NOON states, are used to obtain improved phase resolution. Like a recently introduced adaptive technique [Higgins et al 2007 Nature 450 393], our experiment uses multiple applications of the phase shift on single photons. By not requiring adaptive measurements, but rather using a predetermined measurement sequence, the present scheme is both conceptually simpler and significantly easier to implement. Additionally, we demonstrate a simplified adaptive scheme that also surpasses the standard quantum limit for single passes.
description: Corrected 2 minor typos in hybrid scheme scaling proof; 15 pages, 4 figures
Geoarchaeology at the Pesa and Virginio Confluence
Creators: name: Salisbury, Roderick B.
name: Draganits, Erich
Publisher: name: Projektinitiative Roman Rural Landscapes am Institut für Klassische Archäologie der Universität Wien
Year: 2020
Subjects: geoarchaeology
reconaissance surveys
soil chemistry
palaeoenvironment
Roman rural landscape
ÖFOS 2012 -- HUMANITIES (6) -- History, Archaeology (601) -- History, Archaeology (6010) -- Classical archaeology (601010)
ÖFOS 2012 -- GEISTESWISSENSCHAFTEN (6) -- Geschichte, Archäologie (601) -- Geschichte, Archäologie (6010) -- Klassische Archäologie (601010)
Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus, classical archaeology

description: Within the framework of the Vienna Orme and Pesa Valley Project, geoarchaeological investigations were conducted to situate the sites in the wider landscape and provide context for the main project objectives, including the nature of rural land use and the cultural processes affecting it, issues of site definition and site classification, and differing patterns of material culture. Reconnaissance geoarchaeological survey, coring systematic, and soil sampling was carried out between 2015 and 2016 to characterize sediments, collect samples for geochemical analyses, and place sites and artifacts in an environmental and geological context.
Beyond MSSM Baryogenesis
Creators: name: Blum, Kfir
name: Nir, Yosef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Taking the MSSM as an effective low-energy theory, with a cut-off scale of a few TeV, can make significant modifications to the predictions concerning the Higgs and stop sectors. We investigate the consequences of such a scenario for electroweak baryogenesis. We find that the window for MSSM baryogenesis is extended and, most important, can be made significantly more natural. Specifically, it is possible to have one stop lighter than the top and the other significantly lighter than TeV simultaneously with the Higgs mass above the LEP bound. In addition, various aspects concerning CP violation are affected. Most notably, it is possible to have dynamical phases in the bubble walls at tree level, providing CP violating sources for Standard Model fermions.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures; v2: added references
The Diversity of Sites
Creators: name: Freitag, Klaus
Publisher: name: Projektinitiative Roman Rural Landscapes am Institut für Klassische Archäologie der Universität Wien
Year: 2020
Subjects: geophysics
magnetics
ground-penetrating radar
Tuscany
settlement archaeology
ÖFOS 2012 -- HUMANITIES (6) -- History, Archaeology (601) -- History, Archaeology (6010) -- Classical archaeology (601010)
ÖFOS 2012 -- GEISTESWISSENSCHAFTEN (6) -- Geschichte, Archäologie (601) -- Geschichte, Archäologie (6010) -- Klassische Archäologie (601010)
Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus, classical archaeology

description: The geophysical surveys conducted at the sites of Molino San Vincenzo and Podere Piano at the river Pesa as well as the sites of Il Cotone and Martignana at the river Orme have resulted in new and detailed insights into the settlement patterns of this area. The measurements at Molino San Vincenzo helped to complete the picture of the Roman rural site. In Podere Piano traces of human utilization could be documented. For more detailed statements further research is needed. Il Cotone could be defined as a Roman rural settlement in an outstanding topographic position including industrial installations. Finally, the survey at Martignana revealed traces of a probable medieval building, equally situated at a convenient higher terrace at the Orme Valley.
Practicing Digital Archaeology at the Vienna Orme and Pesa Valley Project
Creators: name: Hagmann, Dominik
Publisher: name: Projektinitiative Roman Rural Landscapes am Institut für Klassische Archäologie der Universität Wien
Year: 2020
Subjects: digital archaeology
landscpae archaeology
settlement archaeology
geographic information systems GIS
data
ÖFOS 2012 -- HUMANITIES (6) -- History, Archaeology (601) -- History, Archaeology (6010) -- Classical archaeology (601010)
ÖFOS 2012 -- GEISTESWISSENSCHAFTEN (6) -- Geschichte, Archäologie (601) -- Geschichte, Archäologie (6010) -- Klassische Archäologie (601010)
Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus, classical archaeology

description: Between the years 2015 and 2019, the Vienna Orme and Pesa Valley Project of the Department of Classical Archaeology at the University of Vienna had one of its focal points in practicing archaeological fieldwork and post-processing using selected tools of the multitude of computational methods and applications as providing a theoretical framework too for this approach. The aim was to fuse data-driven and digitally practiced archaeological methods with theory in ‘digital archaeology.’ Eventually, the multi-annual third-party funded project showed how an integrated hybrid digital and analogous approach in landscape and settlement archaeology might be successfully carried out from the beginning to the end.
Linking European and Southeast Asian Transdisciplinary Knowledge Production:
Creators: name: Seemann, Frank
name: Antweiler, Christoph
Publisher: name: Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies
Year: 2020

description: This article aims to explore knowledge co-production through a critical (and self-critical) reflection of experiences with doing evaluation within the Fostering Multi-Lateral Knowledge Networks of Transdisciplinary Studies to Tackle Global Challenges (KNOTS) project. KNOTS started as a collaborative project to explore the possibilities and increase the expertise of seven institutions from Europe and Southeast Asia in teaching a transdisciplinary approach at their higher education institutions. Planned as a capacity-building tool for higher education, its main objectives were to create a teaching manual and to es- tablish sustainable networks and knowledge hubs in this field of knowledge production. This was to be achieved mainly by means of summer schools and fieldtrips in Southeast Asia, which would enable learning through practical application of the knowledge developed. The realization of this ambitious conceptual formulation turned out to be pretty complex and this holds for the very process of evaluation itself as well. We discuss and illustrate the specific problems of a strict evaluation in such a complex transdisciplinary project. The notorious complexity of interdisciplinary and the more transdisciplinary projects was further increased by the intercultural, respective, transcultural dimension involved. Topics discussed include structurally immanent difficulties, unintended effects of financial and political constraints, complications caused by hierarchies and language, and effects of cultural differences, especially different university science cultures. In the form of lessons learned during the evaluation process, we give some hints for the development and implementation of the transdisciplinary approach as a new tool for reaching socially relevant knowledge, especially in cross-cultural settings.
description: Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies, Vol 13 No 2 (2020): Negotiating Transdisciplinarity
Development and applications of hollow fiber flow field-flow fractionation in the bioanalytical field. Studies of aggregation phenomena in complex protein samples
Creators: name: Tanase, Otilia Maya <1982>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: CHIM/01 Chimica analitica

description: Recent advances in the fast growing area of therapeutic/diagnostic proteins and antibodies - novel and highly specific drugs - as well as the progress in the field of functional proteomics regarding the correlation between the aggregation of damaged proteins and (immuno) senescence or aging-related pathologies, underline the need for adequate analytical methods for the detection, separation, characterization and quantification of protein aggregates, regardless of the their origin or formation mechanism. 
Hollow fiber flow field-flow fractionation (HF5), the miniaturized version of FlowFFF and integral part of the Eclipse DUALTEC FFF separation system, was the focus of this research; this flow-based separation technique proved to be uniquely suited for the hydrodynamic size-based separation of proteins and protein aggregates in a very broad size and molecular weight (MW) range, often present at trace levels. HF5 has shown to be (a) highly selective in terms of protein diffusion coefficients, (b) versatile in terms of bio-compatible carrier solution choice, (c) able to preserve the biophysical properties/molecular conformation of the proteins/protein aggregates and (d) able to discriminate between different types of protein aggregates.  
Thanks to the miniaturization advantages and the online coupling with highly sensitive detection techniques (UV/Vis, intrinsic fluorescence and multi-angle light scattering), HF5 had very low detection/quantification limits for protein aggregates. Compared to size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), HF5 demonstrated superior selectivity and potential as orthogonal analytical method in the extended characterization assays, often required by therapeutic protein formulations. In addition, the developed HF5 methods have proven to be rapid, highly selective, sensitive and repeatable. HF5 was ideally suitable as first dimension of separation of aging-related protein aggregates from whole cell lysates (proteome pre-fractionation method) and, by HF5-(UV)-MALS online coupling, important biophysical information on the fractionated proteins and protein aggregates was gathered: size (rms radius and hydrodynamic radius), absolute MW and conformation.
Rezension: Annäherungen. Sieben Essays zu W. G. Sebald. von Uwe Schütte
Creators: name: Maurer, Stefan
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2020

description: Uwe Schüttes Annäherungen eröffnen neue Wege zu Werk und Biographie des österreichischen Schriftstellers W.G. Sebald. Schüttes differenzierter Blick und sein Abweichen von gewohnten Interpretationen machen seine Essays zu einem wichtigen Beitrag der Sebald-Forschung.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 58 Nr. 4 (2020): 4/2020 – Making und Makerlabs
Algorithms for Game Metrics
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
name: de Alfaro, Luca
name: Majumdar, Rupak
name: Raman, Vishwanath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1, F.1.1

description: Simulation and bisimulation metrics for stochastic systems provide a quantitative generalization of the classical simulation and bisimulation relations. These metrics capture the similarity of states with respect to quantitative specifications written in the quantitative μ-calculus and related probabilistic logics. We first show that the metrics provide a bound for the difference in long-run average and discounted average behavior across states, indicating that the metrics can be used both in system verification, and in performance evaluation. For turn-based games and MDPs, we provide a polynomial-time algorithm for the computation of the one-step metric distance between states. The algorithm is based on linear programming; it improves on the previous known exponential-time algorithm based on a reduction to the theory of reals. We then present PSPACE algorithms for both the decision problem and the problem of approximating the metric distance between two states, matching the best known algorithms for Markov chains. For the bisimulation kernel of the metric our algorithm works in time O(n^4) for both turn-based games and MDPs; improving the previously best known O(n^9\cdot log(n)) time algorithm for MDPs. For a concurrent game G, we show that computing the exact distance between states is at least as hard as computing the value of concurrent reachability games and the square-root-sum problem in computational geometry. We show that checking whether the metric distance is bounded by a rational r, can be done via a reduction to the theory of real closed fields, involving a formula with three quantifier alternations, yielding O(|G|^O(|G|^5)) time complexity, improving the previously known reduction, which yielded O(|G|^O(|G|^7)) time complexity. These algorithms can be iterated to approximate the metrics using binary search.
description: 27 pages. Full version of the paper accepted at FSTTCS 2008
Strangeness production from SPS to LHC
Creators: name: Becattini, F.
name: Manninen, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Global strangeness production in relativistic heavy ion collisions at SPS and RHIC is reviewed. Special emphasis is put on the comparison with the statistical model and the canonical suppression mechanism. It is shown that recent RHIC data on strange particle production as a function of centrality can be explained by a superposition of a fully equilibrated hadron gas and particle emission from single independent nucleon-nucleon collisions in the outer corona.
description: Plenary talk given by F. Becattini at Quark Matter 2008, Jaipur (India). Additions to the text
Internal r-process abundance spread of M15 and a single stellar population model
Creators: name: Tarumi, Yuta
name: Yoshida, Naoki
name: Inoue, Shigeki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The member stars in globular cluster M15 show a substantial spread in the abundances of r-process elements. We argue that a rare and prolific r-process event enriched the natal cloud of M15 in an inhomogeneous manner. To critically examine the possibility, we perform cosmological galaxy formation simulations and study the physical conditions for the inhomogeneous enrichment. We explore a large parameter space of the merger event time and the site. Our simulations reproduce the large r-process abundance spread if a neutron-star merger occurs at \sim 100 pc away from the formation site of the cluster and in a limited time range of a few tens million years before the formation. Interestingly, a bimodal feature is found in the Eu abundance distribution in some cases, similarly to that inferred from recent observations. M15 member stars do not show clear correlation between the abundances of Eu and light elements such as Na that is expected in models with two stellar populations. We thus argue that a majority of the stars in M15 are formed in a single burst. The ratio of heavy to light r-process element abundance [Eu/Y] \sim 1.0 is consistent with that of the so-called r-II stars, suggesting that a lanthanide-rich r-process event dominantly enriched M15.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
The Spine of the Cosmic Web
Creators: name: Aragon-Calvo, Miguel A.
name: Platen, Erwin
name: van de Weygaert, Rien
name: Szalay, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the SpineWeb framework for the topological analysis of the Cosmic Web and the identification of its walls, filaments and cluster nodes. Based on the watershed segmentation of the cosmic density field, the SpineWeb method invokes the local adjacency properties of the boundaries between the watershed basins to trace the critical points in the density field and the separatrices defined by them. The separatrices are classified into walls and the spine, the network of filaments and nodes in the matter distribution. Testing the method with a heuristic Voronoi model yields outstanding results. Following the discussion of the test results, we apply the SpineWeb method to a set of cosmological N-body simulations. The latter illustrates the potential for studying the structure and dynamics of the Cosmic Web.
description: Accepted for publication HIGH-RES version: http://skysrv.pha.jhu.edu/~miguel/SpineWeb/
math.media.lab
Creators: name: Beyer, Steven
name: Grave-Gierlinger, Frederik
name: Eilerts, Katja
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2020

description: Das math.media.lab setzt sich aktiv mit den Bedingungen und der Bedeutung der Digitalisierung für einen modernen Mathematikunterricht in der Primarstufe auseinander und untersucht in seinen Forschungsprojekten multiperspektivische Fragestellungen auf Ebene der Lernenden, Lehrenden sowie Unterrichtsmaterialien. Im Zentrum der Aktivitäten steht ein multimedialer Makerspace, über dessen Angebote eine breite Auswahl digitaler Medien in die Phasen der Lehrkräftebildung integriert und dadurch Unterrichtspraxis innoviert wird. Es ist ein Ort des sich Ausprobierens, des gemeinschaftlichen Austauschs und der Zusammenarbeit mit diversen Kooperationspartnern. Im Beitrag wird aufgezeigt, nach welchen fachdidaktischen sowie pädagogischen Grundsätzen und Forschungsergebnissen die Angebote gestaltet werden, um die Kompetenzentwicklung der (angehenden) Lehrkräfte zu unterstützen. Außerdem werden die Umfeldbeziehungen des Makerspaces zur Schulpraxis, Wirtschaft und Bildungsverwaltung dargestellt.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 58 Nr. 4 (2020): 4/2020 – Making und Makerlabs
High Resolution Spectroscopy of Neutral Yb Atoms in a Solid Ne Matrix
Creators: name: Lambo, R.
name: Xu, C. -Y.
name: Pratt, S. T.
name: Xu, H.
name: Zappala, J. C.
name: Bailey, K. G.
name: Lu, Z. -T.
name: Mueller, P.
name: O'Connor, T. P.
name: Kamorzin, B. B.
name: Bezrukov, D. S.
name: Xie, Y.
name: Buchachenko, A. A.
name: Singh, J. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental and theoretical study of the absorption and emission spectra of Yb atoms in a solid Ne matrix at a resolution of 0.025 nm. Five absorption bands were identified as due to transitions from the $4f^{14}5d^06s^2\ ^1\!S_0$ ground state configuration to $4f^{14}5d^06s6p$ and $4f^{13}5d^16s^2$ configurations. The two lowest energy bands were assigned to outer-shell transitions to $6s6p\ ^3P_1$ and $^1P_1$ atomic states and displayed the structure of a broad doublet and an asymmetric triplet, respectively. The remaining three higher-frequency bands were assigned to inner-shell transitions to distinct $J=1$ states arising from the $4f^{13}5d^16s^2$ configuration and were highly structured with narrow linewidths. A classical simulation was performed to identify the stability and symmetry of possible trapping sites in the Ne crystal. It showed that the overarching 1+2 structure of the high frequency bands could be predominantly ascribed to crystal field splitting in the axial field of a 10-atom vacancy of $C_{4v}$ symmetry. Their prominent substructures were shown to be manifestations of phonon sidebands associated with the zero-phonon lines on each crystal field state. Unprecedented for a metal-rare gas system, resolution of individual phonon states on an allowed electronic transition was possible under excitation spectroscopy which reflects the semi-quantum nature of solid Ne. In contrast to the absorption spectra, emission spectra produced by steady-state excitation into the $^1P_1$ absorption band consisted of simple, unstructured fluorescence bands.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 1 of Reframing conceptualizations of primary care involvement in opioid use disorder treatment
Creators: name: Chiu, Kellia
name: Sud, Abhimanyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Privacy-preserving Credit Scoring via Functional Encryption
Creators: name: Andolfo, Lorenzo
name: Coppolino, Luigi
name: D'Antonio, Salvatore
name: Mazzeo, Giovanni
name: Romano, Luigi
name: Ficke, Matthew
name: Hollum, Arne
name: Vaydia, Darshan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The majority of financial organizations managing confidential data are aware of security threats and leverage widely accepted solutions (e.g., storage encryption, transport-level encryption, intrusion detection systems) to prevent or detect attacks. Yet these hardening measures do little to face even worse threats posed on data-in-use. Solutions such as Homomorphic Encryption (HE) and hardware-assisted Trusted Execution Environment (TEE) are nowadays among the preferred approaches for mitigating this type of threat. However, given the high-performance overhead of HE, financial institutions -- whose processing rate requirements are stringent -- are more oriented towards TEE-based solutions. The X-Margin Inc. company, for example, offers secure financial computations by combining the Intel SGX TEE technology and HE-based Zero-Knowledge Proofs, which shield customers' data-in-use even against malicious insiders, i.e., users having privileged access to the system. Despite such a solution offers strong security guarantees, it is constrained by having to trust Intel and by the SGX hardware extension availability. In this paper, we evaluate a new frontier for X-Margin, i.e., performing privacy-preserving credit risk scoring via an emerging cryptographic scheme: Functional Encryption (FE), which allows a user to only learn a function of the encrypted data. We describe how the X-Margin application can benefit from this innovative approach and -- most importantly -- evaluate its performance impact.
description: Computational Science and Its Applications -- ICCSA 2021 -- Springer International Publishing
Multiresolution analysis of active region magnetic structure and its correlation with the Mt. Wilson classification and flaring activity
Creators: name: Ireland, J.
name: Young, C. A.
name: McAteer, R. T. J.
name: Whelan, C.
name: Hewett, R. J.
name: Gallagher, P. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two different multi-resolution analyses are used to decompose the structure of active region magnetic flux into concentrations of different size scales. Lines separating these opposite polarity regions of flux at each size scale are found. These lines are used as a mask on a map of the magnetic field gradient to sample the local gradient between opposite polarity regions of given scale sizes. It is shown that the maximum, average and standard deviation of the magnetic flux gradient for alpha, beta, beta-gamma and beta-gamma-delta active regions increase in the order listed, and that the order is maintained over all length-scales. This study demonstrates that, on average, the Mt. Wilson classification encodes the notion of activity over all length-scales in the active region, and not just those length-scales at which the strongest flux gradients are found. Further, it is also shown that the average gradients in the field, and the average length-scale at which they occur, also increase in the same order. Finally, there are significant differences in the gradient distribution, between flaring and non-flaring active regions, which are maintained over all length-scales. It is also shown that the average gradient content of active regions that have large flares (GOES class 'M' and above) is larger than that for active regions containing flares of all flare sizes; this difference is also maintained at all length-scales.
description: Accepted for publication in Solar Physics
Impact of the external radiation field on the structure and evolution of supernova remnants
Creators: name: Romero, Mario
name: Ascasibar, Yago
name: Palouš, Jan
name: Wünsch, Richard
name: Mollá, Mercedes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry out 1D hydrodynamical simulations of the evolution of a spherically symmetric supernova remnant (SNR) subject to an external radiation field (ERF) that influences the cooling and heating rates of the gas. We consider homogeneous media with ambient hydrogen number densities $n_{\rm H,0}$ of $0.1$ and $1$ cm$^{-3}$ permeated by an average radiation field including the cosmic microwave, extragalactic, and Galactic backgrounds, attenuated by an effective column density $N_{\rm H,eff}$ from $10^{18}$ to $10^{21}$~cm$^{-2}$. Our results may be classified into two broad categories: at low $N_{\rm H,eff}$, the ERF presents little absorption in the ultraviolet (ionising) regime, and all the 'unshielded' cases feature an equilibrium temperature $T_{eq} \sim 7000$~K below which the ambient gas cannot cool further. In this scenario, the SNR develops a nearly isothermal shock profile whose shell becomes thicker over time. At higher $N_{\rm H,eff}$, the ERF is heavily absorbed in the UV range, yielding a roughly constant heating function for temperatures $\lesssim 10^4$ K. These `shielded' cases develop a thin, cold and dense shell throughout their evolution. Energy and momentum injection to the medium do not change significantly between both scenarios, albeit luminosity is higher and more uniformly distributed over the shell for unshielded SNR.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. Accepted in MNRAS
Resonant speed meter for gravitational wave detection
Creators: name: Nishizawa, Atsushi
name: Kawamura, Seiji
name: Sakagami, Masa-aki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational-wave detectors have been well developed and operated with high sensitivity. However, they still suffer from mirror displacement noise. In this paper, we propose a resonant speed meter, as a displacement noise-canceled configuration based on a ring-shaped synchronous recycling interferometer. The remarkable feature of this interferometer is that, at certain frequencies, gravitational-wave signals are amplified, while displacement noises are not.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Relationships between plant diversity and environmental heterogeneity in rupicolous grasslands on gypsum. The case study of  Alysso-Sedion albi (Habitat 6110).
Creators: name: Velli, Andrea <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: BIO/03 Botanica ambientale e applicata

description: Plant communities on weathered rock and outcrops are characterized by high values in species richness (Dengler 2006) and often persist on small and fragmented surfaces. Yet very few studies have examined the relationships between heterogeneity and plant diversity at small scales, in particular in poor-nutrient and low productive environment (Shmida and Wilson 1985, Lundholm 2003). In order to assess these relationships both in space and time in relationship, two different approaches were employed in the present study, in two gypsum outcrops of Northern Apennine. Diachronic and synchronic samplings from April 2012 to March 2013 were performed. A 50x50 cm plot was used in both samplings such as the sampling unit base. The diachronic survey aims to investigate seasonal patterning of plant diversity by the use of images analysis techniques integrated with field data and considering also seasonal climatic trend, the substrate quality and its variation in time. The purpose of the further, synchronic sampling was to describe plant diversity pattern as a function of the environmental heterogeneity meaning in substrate typologies, soil depth and topographic features. Results showed that responses of diversity pattern depend both on the resources availability, environmental heterogeneity and the manner in which the different taxonomic group access to them during the year. Species richness and Shannon diversity were positively affected by increasing in substrate heterogeneity. Furthermore a good turnover in seasonal species occurrence was detected. This vegetation may be described by the coexistence of three groups of species which created a gradient from early colonization stages, characterized by greater slope and predominance of bare rock, gradually to situation of more developed soil.
On the effect of pulsar evaporation on the cooling of white dwarfs
Creators: name: Tang, Wenshi
name: Li, Xiang-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evolution of a large part of low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) leads to the formation of rapidly rotating pulsars with a helium white dwarf (He WD) companion. Observations indicate that some He WDs in binary pulsar systems are ultracool (with the effective temperatures $T_{\rm eff}\lesssim$ 4000\, K). It is hard to cool down a He WD to such low temperatures within the Hubble time, because a thick hydrogen envelope was left behind around the He core after the mass transfer process. A possible mechanism that can accelerate the WD cooling is the evaporative wind mass loss from the He WD driven by the high-energy radiation from the recycled pulsar. In this paper, we evolve a large number of LMXBs and investigate the influence of the pulsar's high-energy radiation on the WD cooling with different input parameters, including the neutron star's spin-down luminosity, the evaporation efficiency and the metallicity of the companion star. By comparing our results with observations we note that, for relatively hot He WDs (with $T_{\rm eff}> 7000$ K), standard WD cooling without evaporation considered is able to reproduce their temperatures, while evaporation is probably required for the He WDs with relatively low temperatures ($T_{\rm eff}$ <5000 K).
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Martha Verdorfer, Zweierlei Faschismus. Alltagserfahrungen in Südtirol 1918-1945, Verlag für Gesellschaftskritik, Wien 1990.
Creators: name: Heiss, Hans
Publisher: name: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaften
Year: 1990

description: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaften, Bd. 1 Nr. 2 (1990): Arbeiter/innen und Arbeitslose
Zurück zu den Eliten?
Creators: name: Bak, János M.
name: Jaritz, Gerhard
name: Sieder, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaften
Year: 1990

description: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaften, Bd. 1 Nr. 2 (1990): Arbeiter/innen und Arbeitslose
Acoustic cloaking theory
Creators: name: Norris, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An acoustic cloak envelopes an object so that sound incident from all directions passes through and around the cloak as though the object were not present. A theory of acoustic cloaking is developed using the transformation or change-of-variables method for mapping the cloaked region to a point with vanishing scattering strength. We show that the acoustical parameters in the cloak must be anisotropic: either the mass density or the mechanical stiffness or both. If the stiffness is isotropic, corresponding to a fluid with a single bulk modulus, then the inertial density must be infinite at the inner surface of the cloak. This requires an infinitely massive cloak. We show that perfect cloaking can be achieved with finite mass through the use of anisotropic stiffness. The generic class of anisotropic material required is known as a pentamode material. If the transformation deformation gradient is symmetric then the pentamode material parameters are explicit, otherwise its properties depend on a stress like tensor which satisfies a static equilibrium equation. For a given transformation mapping the material composition of the cloak is not uniquely defined, but the phase and wave speeds of the pseudo-acoustic waves in the cloak are unique. Examples are given from 2D and 3D.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures
An analogue of the Narasimhan-Seshadri theorem and some applications
Creators: name: Balaji, V.
name: Parameswaran, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D20

description: We prove an analogue in higher dimensions of the classical Narasimhan-Seshadri theorem for strongly stable vector bundles of degree 0 on a smooth projective variety $X$ with a fixed ample line bundle $Θ$. As applications, over fields of characteristic zero, we give a new proof of the main theorem in a recent paper of Balaji and Kollár and derive an effective version of this theorem; over uncountable fields of positive characteristics, if $G$ is a simple and simply connected algebraic group and the characteristic of the field is bigger than the Coxeter index of $G$, we prove the existence of strongly stable principal $G$ bundles on smooth projective surfaces whose holonomy group is the whole of $G$.
description: 42 pages. Theorem 3 of this version is new. Typos have been corrected. To appear in Journal of Topology
Barbara Kronsteiner, Zeit - Raum- Struktur. Fernand Braudel und die Geschichtsschreibung in Frankreich (Veröffentlichungen des Ludwig-Boltzmann-Institutes für Geschichte der Gesellschaftswissenschaften 18), Wien 1989.
Creators: name: Landsteiner, Erich
Publisher: name: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaften
Year: 1990

description: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Geschichtswissenschaften, Bd. 1 Nr. 3 (1990): bürgerlich/links/intellektuell
Developing and Applying an Analysis Methodology to Identify Flow Generation Influences between Vessel and Truck Shipments
Creators: name: Monsreal, Mario
name: Kruse, Jim
name: Kang, Dong Hun
name: Park, Eun Sug
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Flow Analysis
Seaport Terminal Analysis
Ground-Sea Transportation Flows Relation
Investment Planning
Public Resource Allocation
Impact Coefficients on Road Traffic

description: Truck activity is logically connected to vessel activity at a port. In turn, vessel activity is also influenced by truck shipments. Although one might expect a direct and straightforward relation between these two types of shipments, that is rarely the case. For instance, many maritime containers carry consolidated cargos that have multiple and different final destinations. Also, different truck capacities, customs clearance and regulations play a critical role in determining the actual relation between these two types of shipments. This project aims at shedding light on the nuances of maritime and roadway flow relations by quantitatively analyzing the linkages between these two types of shipments. The study performed a statistical analysis to determine the probability distributions of vessel and truck activity, and then explore the correlation of each activity with the other. The analysis yielded coefficients that function as explanatory values for specific truck flows. The ultimate purpose of this study is to provide a clearer and quantitative understanding of the relationship between maritime and truck shipments, and by doing so, to provide tools to develop a system for managing trucks that maximizes efficiency for industry, while minimizing industry’s negative impacts on a region. For this purpose, the study selected the Port Freeport as a case study.
Cosmic Rays Above the Second Knee from Clusters of Galaxies and Associated High-Energy Neutrino Emission
Creators: name: Murase, Kohta
name: Inoue, Susumu
name: Nagataki, Shigehiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accretion and merger shocks in clusters of galaxies are potential accelerators of high-energy protons, which can give rise to high-energy neutrinos through pp interactions with the intracluster gas. We discuss the possibility that protons from cluster shocks make a significant contribution to the observed cosmic rays in the energy range between the second knee around 10^17.5 eV and the ankle around 10^18.5 eV. The accompanying cumulative neutrino background above PeV may be detectable by upcoming neutrino telescopes such as IceCube or KM3NeT, providing a test of this scenario as well as a probe of cosmic-ray confinement properties in clusters.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in APJL, references and discussions added, results unchanged
Additional file 1 of Recreational screen time and obesity risk in Korean children: a 3-year prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Jang, Hajin
name: Cho, Yoonkyoung
name: Oh, Hannah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
More on superstring chiral measures
Creators: name: Piazza, Francesco Dalla
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study the expressions of the superstring chiral measures for $g\leq 5$. We obtain certain new expressions which are functions of higher powers of theta constants. For $g=3$ we show that the measures can be written in terms of fourth power of theta constants and for $g=4$ in terms of squares of theta constants. In both cases the forms $Ξ_8^{(g)}[0^{(g)}]$ appearing in the expression of the measures are defined on the whole Siegel upper half space. Instead, for $g=5$ we find a form $Ξ_8^{(5)}[0^{(5)}]$ which is a polynomial in the classical theta constants, well defined on the Siegel upper half space and satisfying some suitable constraints on the moduli space of curves (and not on the whole Siegel upper half space) that could be a candidate for the genus five superstring measure. Moreover, we discuss the problem of the uniqueness of this form in genus five. We also determine the dimension of certain spaces of modular forms and reinterpret the vanishing of the cosmological constant in terms of group representations.
description: 36 pages
Diflubenzuron: control of the codling moth, Laspeyresia pomonella L., and the obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris)
Creators: name: Anderson, Dale William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Diflubenzuron (Dimilin) was evaluated as a control agent for the codling moth, Laspeyresia pomonella L. and obiiquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris). Laboratory tests showed codling moth eggs to be extremely sensitive to diflubenzuron, particularly when treated topically immediately after oviposi-tion. LD50 values for 0- to 2 ½ and 3-day-old eggs were 1.1 and 17.2 ppm, respectively. Diflubenzuron was more effective as an ovicide when kept in solution on egg surfaces for longer time periods. When the compound had dried on fruit or foliage, residual action was excellent against the eggs. This activity did not decrease over a 10-day period and daily spraying of foliage with water did not significantly reduce ovicidal action. Tween 20, a surfactant, improved the distribution and efficacy of diflubenzuron on foliage and young apples but not waxy mature apples. First- and 2nd-instar codling moth larvae were susceptible to diflubenzuron when the compound was ingested from agar diet or apple foliage. On the diet, the LD₅₀'s for the two instars were 48.2 and 8.1 ppm, respectively. Adult codling moths dipped in or fed diflubenzuron solutions showed no marked adverse effects, although marginal reductions in fecundity or egg viability were observed. The sensitivity of the obiiquebanded leafroller (a representative leaf-roller species) was also examined under laboratory conditions. Egg masses were insensitive to diflubenzuron at concentrations as high as 1,000 ppm. However, 100 ppm diflubenzuron proved toxic to first-instar larvae and reduced longevity of adult moths. In field tests, diflubenzuron significantly reduced leafroller damage to apples. However, at comparable application rates (375 ppm), control was only 25% that provided by azinphos-methyl (Guthion). In contrast, against the codling moth diflubenzuron provided control equal to that of azinphos-methyl in orchards of Golden Delicious and mixed apple cultivars. The addition of Tween 20 did not enhance the efficacy of diflubenzuron. Leaf mite-counts suggested that diflubenzuron was non-toxic to predaceous mites. The implications of these findings are discussed in terms of the potential of diflubenzuron in the integrated control of apple pests.
Origin of metals in old Milky Way halo stars based on GALAH and Gaia
Creators: name: Ishigaki, Miho N.
name: Hartwig, Tilman
name: Tarumi, Yuta
name: Leung, Shing-Chi
name: Tominaga, Nozomu
name: Kobayashi, Chiaki
name: Magg, Mattis
name: Simionescu, Aurora
name: Nomoto, Ken'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar and supernova nucleosynthesis in the first few billion years of the cosmic history have set the scene for early structure formation in the Universe, while little is known about their nature. Making use of stellar physical parameters measured by GALAH Data Release 3 with accurate astrometry from the Gaia EDR3, we have selected $\sim 100$ old main-sequence turn-off stars (ages $\gtrsim 12$ Gyrs) with kinematics compatible with the Milky Way stellar halo population in the Solar neighborhood. Detailed homogeneous elemental abundance estimates by GALAH DR3 are compared with supernova yield models of Pop~III (zero-metal) core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe), normal (non-zero-metal) CCSNe, and Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) to examine which of the individual yields or their combinations best reproduce the observed elemental abundance patterns for each of the old halo stars ("OHS"). We find that the observed abundances in the OHS with [Fe/H]$>-1.5$ are best explained by contributions from both CCSNe and SN~Ia, where the fraction of SN~Ia among all the metal-enriching SNe is up to 10-20 % for stars with high [Mg/Fe] ratios and up to 20-27 % for stars with low [Mg/Fe] ratios, depending on the assumption about the relative fraction of near-Chandrasekhar-mass SNe Ia progenitors. The results suggest that, in the progenitor systems of the OHS with [Fe/H]$>-1.5$, $\sim$ 50-60% of Fe mass originated from normal CCSNe at the earliest phases of the Milky Way formation. These results provide an insight into the birth environments of the oldest stars in the Galactic halo.
description: 21 pages, 16 Figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS