cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Construction, Performance, and Interpretation of a Shared Holy Place: The Case of Late Antique Mamre (Rāmat al-Khalīl)
Creators: name: Heyden, Katharina
Publisher: name: Entangled Religions
Year: 2020

description: Multi-religious places of worship are a continuous phenomenon in the history of religions from Antiquity to the present day, despite all concrete differences. Analysing a very well-documented example from late Antiquity, Mamre (today Rāmat al-Khalīl) in Palestine (Hebron/al-Khalīl), this article discusses and refines the theoretical concept of “spiritual convergence” developed by Benjamin Z. Kedar. By applying differentiated analysis criteria recommended by Dorothea Weltecke, it also examines the influence of economic interests, political power, concepts of purity, and aspects of time, as well as symbolic and narrative interpretations of the place, in order to explain why spiritual convergence took place at this location for at least five hundred years. The thesis is put forward that it is not only the peripheral location or lower symbolic importance that favoured the side-by-side cult at Mamre, as Ora Limor stated. Even more important for the successful sharing of that holy place was the limit of festivals to one per year and the narrative and symbolism linking the place of Mamre with the virtue of philoxeny and hospitality. This enabled the religious authorities to tolerate and perhaps even promote multireligious coexistence—especially as this was to the economic benefit of the region and thus of all ethnic and religious groups. Based on the detailed case study on late antique Mamre, the article also inquires which methodological findings and questions can be applied to other shared holy places. The emphasis lies on the interplay between building activities, ritual performance, and symbolic interpretation in constructing and sharing holy spaces.
description: Entangled Religions, Vol. 11 No. 1 (2020)
W+charm production with massive c quarks in PowHel
Creators: name: Bevilacqua, G.
name: Garzelli, M. V.
name: Kardos, A.
name: Toth, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hadroproduction of a $W$ boson in association with a charm quark at the Large Hadron Collider is at the centre of current investigations due to its potential to probe the strangeness content of the proton. In this paper we present an implementation of the $W+c$ production process in the PowHel event generator matched to the PYTHIA8 parton shower approach, allowing to obtain predictions for differential cross-sections with NLO QCD accuracy matched to the accuracy of the Shower Monte Carlo event generator. Effects of non-diagonal CKM matrix elements, finite charm quark mass and off-shell $W$ decays including spin correlations are taken into account. We investigate the production of a leptonically decaying $W$ boson in association with either a charmed meson ($W^\pm~+~D^{*\mp}$) or a charmed jet ($W^\pm~+~j_{c}$) and compare our predictions with particle-level measurements by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations at $\sqrt{s} =$ 7 and 13 TeV. Considering the level of agreement between theory predictions and experimental data in the light of present theoretical and experimental uncertainties, our results do not point to the need of extensive modifications of the strange and antistrange distribution functions in the NLO PDF fits that we used, although collider $W + c$ production data have not been included yet in these fits.
description: 47 pages, 14 figures
Questionnaire - Stem cells Therapy Outcome for Diabetic Erectile Dysfunction, A Pilot Analysis (English)
Creators: name: Rasyid, Nur
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 320214
subject: Nephrology and urology

description: Questionnaire of The Manuscript titled "Stem cells Therapy Outcome for Diabetic Erectile Dysfunction, A Pilot Analysis" (translated into english)
What are the limits of universality?
Creators: name: Halberstam, Noah
name: Hutchcroft, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is a central prediction of renormalisation group theory that the critical behaviours of many statistical mechanics models on Euclidean lattices depend only on the dimension and not on the specific choice of lattice. We investigate the extent to which this universality continues to hold beyond the Euclidean setting, taking as case studies Bernoulli bond percolation and lattice trees. We present strong numerical evidence that the critical exponents governing these models on transitive graphs of polynomial volume growth depend only on the volume-growth dimension of the graph and not on any other large-scale features of the geometry. For example, our results strongly suggest that percolation, which has upper-critical dimension six, has the same critical exponents on the four-dimensional hypercubic lattice $\mathbb{Z}^4$ and the Heisenberg group despite the distinct large-scale geometries of these two lattices preventing the relevant percolation models from sharing a common scaling limit. On the other hand, we also show that no such universality should be expected to hold on fractals, even if one allows the exponents to depend on a large number of standard fractal dimensions. Indeed, we give natural examples of two fractals which share Hausdorff, spectral, topological, and topological Hausdorff dimensions but exhibit distinct numerical values of the percolation Fisher exponent $τ$. This gives strong evidence against a conjecture of Balankin et al. [Phys. Lett. A 2018].
description: 22 pages, 16 figures, 5 tables. Comments welcome
Additional file 1 of Deciphering the molecular regulatory of RAB32/GPRC5A axis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Creators: name: Wu, Yixing
name: He, Binfeng
name: Hua, Jianlan
name: Hu, Weiping
name: Han, Yaopin
name: Zhang, Jing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary information
Referential GBP based on CPI (2013e)
Creators: name: J Perezgonzalez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: Economics

description: Referential GBP provides the inflator/deflator multiplier for standardizing UK pounds (rGBP, r£) (within the philosophy of referential currencies). It is based on the average annual CPI for Great Britain. (Also retrievable from WikiofScience.)
A measurement of the scale of homogeneity in the Early Universe
Creators: name: Camacho-Quevedo, Benjamin
name: Gaztañaga, Enrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first measurement of the homogeneity index, $\mathcal{H}$, a fractal or Hausdorff dimension of the early Universe from the Planck CMB temperature variations $δT$ in the sky. This characterization of the isotropy scale is model-free and purely geometrical, independent of the amplitude of $δT$. We find evidence of homogeneity ($\mathcal{H}=0$) for scales larger than $θ_{\mathcal{H}} = 65.9 \pm 9.2 °$ on the CMB sky. This finding is at odds with the $Λ$CDM prediction, which assumes a scale invariant infinite universe. Such anomaly is consistent with the well known low quadrupule amplitude in the angular $δT$ spectrum, but quantified in a direct and model independent way. We estimate the significance of our finding for $\mathcal{H}=0$ using a principal component analysis from the sampling variations of the observed sky. This analysis is validated with theoretical prediction of the covariance matrix \textcolor{black}{ and simulations, booth base purely on data or in the $Λ$CDM prediction.} Assuming translation invariance (and flat geometry) we can convert the isotropy scale $θ_\mathcal{H}$ into a (comoving) homogeneity scale which is very close to the trapped surface generated by the observed cosmological constant $Λ$.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures. Corrections and comments requested by the referee report to be published
Hemodinâmica entre sedentários e praticantes de treinamento físico contra resistido: um estudo comparativo
Creators: name: Lopes, Bruno Saraiva
name: Almeida, Hélio Franklim Rodrigues De
name: Menezes, Yong Bruno Garcia
name: Neto, João Bernardes Pires
name: Jônatas De França Barros
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011

description: Trabalho apresentado em Congresso.
Early ovariectomy unmasking the non-somatic origin of murin anti-A-reactive IgM reflecting developmental malignancy
Creators: name: Arend, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Medicine
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Zoology
subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: Structural Biology
subject: Stem Cells
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics

description: The germline encoding of a non-immune IgM molecule in mammals was experimentally documented for the first time by specifically timed ovariectomy of C57BL/10 mice, and the target of this innate antibody is a trans-species developmental antigen, which when expressed in any non-developmental tissue signifies malignancy. Although ovariectomy and castrations have been de­scribed to result in uncontrolled and/or enhanced humoral and cellular immunity, involving increasing weights of spleen and thymus with pronounced B and T cell productions, the development of the mercaptoethanol-sensitive and complement-binding, non-immune anti-A reactivity in murine plasma was not enhanced after ovariectomy performed in C57BL/10 mice before the onset of puberty. This non-immune murine anti-A, which is complementary to trans-species, syngeneic ovarian GalNAc-glycan-bearing glycolipids and distinct from cross-reactive adaptive anti-A antibody, was strongly retarded or did not ap­pear at all in plasmas of animals ovariectomized at the age of 20 days. Thus, contrary to our previous view, this reactivity is unlikely to originate from a somatic, primary immune or autoimmune response. All murine tissues expressed the species-typical Forssman reactivity and further A-like structures were, by reaction with innate human anti-A antibody, identified in male and female reproductive and endodermal organs, while the murine anti-A was exclusively inhibited by syngeneic ovarian glycolipids. Moreover, the early ovarian tissue, which represents a last evolutionary and/or developmental location, showed a developmental polymorphism characterized by DBL and HPA reactivity indicating the functional involvement of O-GalNAc-determined mucin-type A-like Tn and TF epitopes that, when expressed by non-developmental tissues, signify malignancy.
Níveis de adiponectina e exercício físico em população com excesso de peso: uma revisão sistemática com metaanálise
Creators: name: Richardson Correia Marinheiro
name: Osikleio Da Costa Silva
name: Costa, Rosana Cristina De Medeiros
name: Jônatas De França Barros
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011

description: Trabalho.
Referential EUR based on HICP (2013e)
Creators: name: J Perezgonzalez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: Economics

description: Referential EUR provides the inflator/deflator multiplier for standardizing euros (within the philosophy of referential currencies). It is based on the average annual HICP for the euro area, changing composition (European Central Bank, 2013).
Constraints on magic state protocols from the statistical mechanics of Wigner negativity
Creators: name: Koukoulekidis, Nikolaos
name: Jennings, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magic states are key ingredients in schemes to realize universal fault-tolerant quantum computation. Theories of magic states attempt to quantify this computational element via monotones and determine how these states may be efficiently transformed into useful forms. Here, we develop a statistical mechanical framework based on majorization to describe Wigner negative magic states for qudits of odd prime dimension processed under Clifford circuits. We show that majorization allows us to both quantify disorder in the Wigner representation and derive upper bounds for magic distillation. These bounds are shown to be tighter than other bounds, such as from mana and thauma, and can be used to incorporate hardware physics, such as temperature dependence and system Hamiltonians. We also show that a subset of single-shot Rényi entropies remain well-defined on quasi-distributions, are fully meaningful in terms of data processing and can acquire negative values that signal magic. We find that the mana of a magic state is the measure of divergence of these Rényi entropies as one approaches the Shannon entropy for Wigner distributions, and discuss how distillation lower bounds could be obtained in this setting. This use of majorization for quasi-distributions could find application in other studies of non-classicality, and raises novel questions in the context of classical statistical mechanics.
description: 34 pages, 7 Figures. Comments welcome
From B-meson anomalies to Kaon physics with scalar leptoquarks
Creators: name: Marzocca, David
name: Trifinopoulos, Sokratis
name: Venturini, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study possible connections between $B$-meson anomalies and Kaon physics observables in the context of combined solutions with the singlet and triplet scalar leptoquarks $S_1$ and $S_3$. By assuming a flavor structure for the leptoquark couplings dictated by a minimally broken $U(2)^5$ flavor symmetry we can make a sharp connection between these two classes of observables. We find that the bound on $\mathcal{B}(K^+ \rightarrow π^+ νν)$ from NA62 puts already some tension in the model, while the present limits on $\mathcal{B}(K_L \rightarrow μ^+ μ^-)$ and $μ\to e$ conversion in nuclei can be saturated. Relaxing instead the flavor assumption we study what values for $\mathcal{B}(K^+ \rightarrowπ^+ νν)$, as well as for $\mathcal{B}(K_L \rightarrowπ^0 νν)$ and $\mathcal{B}(K_{L,S} \rightarrowμ^+ μ^-)$, are viable compatibly with all other phenomenological constraints.
description: 40 pages, 11 figures; v2: references updated
Pyrazolopyrimidines in ‘all-natural’ products for erectile dysfunction treatment: the unreliable quality of dietary supplements
Creators: name: Schramek, Nicholas
name: Wollein, Uwe
name: Eisenreich, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biochemistry

description: A herbal food supplement advertised as a potency pill was screened for the presence of PDE5 inhibitors. The resulting signals were characterised by UV, LC-MS in ESI-negative mode, and NMR spectroscopy using 1D and 2D experiments. Several substances were identified, bearing the basic chemical structure of sildenafil, but were not supposed to exhibit PDE5 inhibition. These compounds may be process-related impurities or by-products of different reaction steps in the synthesis of PDE5 analogues. As they were found to be present in different capsules at different concentrations, this is an example of the unreliable quality of dietary supplements.
Primary track recovery in high-definition gas time projection chambers
Creators: name: Lewis, P. M.
name: Hedges, M. T.
name: Jaegle, I.
name: Schueler, J.
name: Thorpe, T. N.
name: Vahsen, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop and validate a new algorithm called \textit{primary track recovery} (\ptr) that effectively deconvolves known physics and detector effects from nuclear recoil tracks in gas time projection chambers (TPCs) with high-resolution readout. This gives access to the primary track charge, length, and vector direction (helping to resolve the "head-tail" ambiguity). Additionally, \ptr provides a measurement of the transverse and longitudinal diffusion widths, which can be used to determine the absolute position of tracks in the drift direction for detector fiducialization. Using simulated helium recoils in an atmospheric pressure TPC with a 70:30 mixture of He:CO$_2$ we compare the performance of \ptr to traditional methods for all key track variables. We find that the algorithm reduces reconstruction errors, including those caused by charge integration, for tracks with mean length-to-width ratios 1.4 and above, corresponding to recoil energies of $20$ keV and above in the studied TPCs. We show that \ptr improves on existing methods for head-tail disambiguation, particularly for highly inclined tracks, and improves the determination of the absolute position of recoils on the drift axis via transverse diffusion. We find that \ptr can partially recover charge structure integrated out by the detector in the $z$ direction, but that its determination of energy and length have worse resolution compared to existing methods. We use experimental data to qualitatively verify these findings and discuss implications for future directional detectors at the low-energy frontier.
One-Pot Palladium-Catalyzed Ligand- and Metal-Oxidant-Free Aerobic Oxidative Isocyanide Insertion Leading to 2-Amino-substituted-4(3H)-quinazolinones
Creators: name: Shinde Vidyacharan
name: N. C. Chaitra
name: A. Sagar
name: Duddu S. Sharada
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biophysics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: An efficient, ligand- and metal-oxidant-free, one-pot, cascade aerobic oxidative, palladium-catalyzed, multicomponent reaction has been developed through isocyanide insertion of less active secondary amide and aromatic amine, which leads to 2-amino-substituted-4(3H)-quinazolinones. This approach proves to be one of the simplest methods for the synthesis of this class of valuable bioactive heterocyclic scaffolds.
Search for new phenomena in three- or four-lepton events in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search with minimal model dependence for physics beyond the Standard Model in events featuring three or four leptons ($3\ell$ and $4\ell$, $\ell = e,μ$) is presented. The analysis aims to be sensitive to a wide range of potential new-physics theories simultaneously. This analysis uses data from $pp$ collisions delivered by the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV and recorded with the ATLAS detector, corresponding to the full Run 2 dataset of 139 fb$^{-1}$. The $3\ell$ and $4\ell$ phase space is divided into 22 event categories according to the number of leptons in the event, the missing transverse momentum, the invariant mass of the leptons, and the presence of leptons originating from a $Z$-boson candidate. These event categories are analysed independently for the presence of deviations from the Standard Model. No statistically significant deviations from the Standard Model predictions are observed. Upper limits for all signal regions are reported in terms of the visible cross-section.
description: 40 pages in total, author list starting on page 25, 5 figures, 5 tables, published by Physics Letters B. All figures (including auxiliary figures) can be found at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2019-36/
Bridging the gap between atomically thin semiconductors and metal leads
Creators: name: Cai, Xiangbin
name: Wu, Zefei
name: Han, Xu
name: Xu, Shuigang
name: Lin, Jiangxiazi
name: Han, Tianyi
name: He, Pingge
name: Feng, Xuemeng
name: An, Liheng
name: Shi, Run
name: Wang, Jingwei
name: Ying, Zhehan
name: Cai, Yuan
name: Hua, Mengyuan
name: Liu, Junwei
name: Pan, Ding
name: Cheng, Chun
name: Wang, Ning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrically interfacing atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenide semiconductors (TMDSCs) with metal leads is challenging because of undesired interface barriers, which have drastically constrained the electrical performance of TMDSC devices for exploring their unconventional physical properties and realizing potential electronic applications. Here we demonstrate a strategy to achieve nearly barrier-free electrical contacts with few-layer TMDSCs by engineering interfacial bonding distortion. The carrier-injection efficiency of such electrical junction is substantially increased with robust ohmic behaviors from room to cryogenic temperatures. The performance enhancements of TMDSC field-effect transistors are well reflected by the ultralow contact resistance (down to 90 Ohm um in MoS2, towards the quantum limit), the ultrahigh field-effect mobility (up to 358,000 cm2V-1s-1 in WSe2) and the prominent transport characteristics at cryogenic temperatures. This method also offers new possibilities of the local manipulation of structures and electronic properties for TMDSC device design.
Additional file 1 of Male genitourinary schistosomiasis-related symptoms among long-term Western African migrants in Spain: a prospective population-based screening study
Creators: name: Roure, Sílvia
name: Vallès, Xavier
name: Pérez-Quílez, Olga
name: López-Muñoz, Israel
name: Chamorro, Anna
name: Abad, Elena
name: Valerio, Lluís
name: Soldevila, Laura
name: España, Sergio
name: Hegazy, Alaa H. A.
name: Fernández-Rivas, Gema
name: Gorriz, Ester
name: Herena, Dolores
name: Oliveira, Mário
name: Miralles, Maria Carme
name: Conde, Carmen
name: Montero-Alia, Juan José
name: Fernández-Pedregal, Elia
name: Miranda-Sánchez, Jose
name: Llibre, Josep M.
name: Isnard, Mar
name: Bonet, Josep Maria
name: Estrada, Oriol
name: Prat, Núria
name: Clotet, Bonaventura
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Definition of genital signs and symptoms based on the ICD for which study participants were screened. Table S2. Prevalence of signs and symptoms among participants and their association with a positive Schistosoma serology test result. Table S3. Comparative analysis of prevalence of clinical signs and symptoms as recorded through the electronic clinical records search and as obtained through a direct screening questionnaire. Figure S1. Graphic representation of the centrality score of the variables included in the network analysis.
Optical amplification of surface plasmon polaritons in a graphene single layer integrated with a random grating
Creators: name: Ardakani, Abbas Ghasempour
name: Rafieipour, Peymaneh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we design and simulate a terahertz (THz) controllable active plasmonic waveguide structure based on a single graphene layer that is placed on a random silicon grating substrate. Optical gain in the proposed THz active plasmonic waveguide structure is provided by the stimulated emission process in the photoexcited graphene monolayer that leads to the amplification of surface plasmon polariton (SPP) waves. We use a random grating substrate to introduce Anderson localization of the SPP waves propagating through the graphene monolayer to enhance their optical amplification at resonant frequencies. It is shown that the enhancement factor of the resonant peaks corresponding to the graphene SPPs can be as high as 175. We also analyze their corresponding field intensity distributions along the graphene monolayer and find out that their intensities and localization positions are different from each other. By investigating the pump dependent and temperature dependent variations of the transmittance of the structure, it is shown that the resonant peak frequencies are blue-shifted by increasing the temperature and the external pump intensity. Also, we show that increasing the ambient temperature by 60 K can dramatically reduce the output amplified intensity by a factor of 70. This property of the proposed graphene-based THz plasmonic waveguide structure makes it useful in temperature sensing applications and on/off switchable laser devices.
Stable Hydrogen burning limits in rapidly rotating very low mass objects
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Shaswata
name: Banerjee, Pritam
name: Garain, Debojyoti
name: Sarkar, Tapobrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present novel effects of uniform rapid stellar rotation on the minimum mass of stable hydrogen burning in very low mass stars, using an analytic model, and relaxing the assumption of spherical symmetry. We obtain an analytic formula for the minimum mass of hydrogen burning as a function of the angular speed of stellar rotation. Further, we show the existence of a maximum mass of stable hydrogen burning in such stars, which is purely an artefact of rapid rotation. The existence of this extremum in mass results in a minimum admissible value of the stellar rotation period $\sim 22$ min, below which a very low mass object does not reach the main sequence, within the ambits of our model. For a given angular speed, we predict a mass range beyond which such an object will not evolve into a main sequence star.
description: Major revisions to match published version
Superposed syn-metamorphic structures of the Alpine and pre-Alpine convergent cycles in the Southalpine basement of the Orobic Alps (Northern Italy)
Creators: name: Rebay, Gisella
name: Maroni, Marco
name: Siletto, Gian Bartolomeo
name: Spalla, Maria Iole
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: New detailed maps of two key areas of the Southalpine basement unravel the superposition of pre-Alpine deformation stages associated with different metamorphic imprints, and distinguish Alpine thrust and fold structures involving basement and Permian-Mesozoic sedimentary cover. Basement rocks consist of metasediments (micaschists, quartzites and paragneisses) and metagranitoids and cover rocks comprise Permian volcanics and sediments. The boundaries between two tectono-metamorphic units have been distinguished at the map scale, thanks to the integrated use of structural and petrological analyses, on the basis of foliation trajectories supported by metamorphic assemblages. Two different pre-Alpine metamorphic evolutions characterise a basement portion that seemingly appears as a monotonous sequence dominantly affected by a greenschist-facies imprint. The volcano-sedimentary sequence of Permian age has been used as the time marker that separates Alpine from pre-Alpine superposed structures; Alpine deformation consists of two superposed groups of structures, the first of which is locally associated with a very low-grade metamorphic imprint and related at the regional scale to a south-verging thrust system.
On the enhancement of boundary layer skin friction by turbulence: an angular momentum approach
Creators: name: Elnahhas, Ahmed
name: Johnson, Perry L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulence enhances the wall shear stress in boundary layers, significantly increasing the drag on streamlined bodies. Other flow features such as freestream pressure gradients and streamwise boundary layer growth also strongly influence the skin friction. In this paper, an angular momentum integral (AMI) equation is introduced to quantify these effects by representing them as torques that alter the shape of the mean velocity profile. This approach uniquely isolates the skin friction of a Blasius boundary layer in a single term that depends only on the Reynolds number, so that other torques are interpreted as augmentations relative to the laminar case having the same Reynolds number. The AMI equation for external flows shares this key property with the so-called FIK relation for internal flows [Fukagata et al. 2002, Phys. Fluids, \textbf{14}, L73-L76]. Without a geometrically imposed boundary layer thickness, the length scale in the Reynolds number for the AMI equation may be chosen freely. After a brief demonstration using Falkner-Skan boundary layers, the AMI equation is applied as a diagnostic tool on four transitional and turbulent boundary layer DNS datasets. Regions of negative wall-normal velocity are shown to play a key role in limiting the peak skin friction during the late stages of transition, and the relative strengths of terms in the AMI equation become independent of the transition mechanism a very short distance into the fully-turbulent regime. The AMI equation establishes an intuitive, extensible framework for interpreting the impact of turbulence and flow control strategies on boundary layer skin friction.
A One-Pot Palladium Catalyzed Ligand and Metal Oxidant-Free Aerobic Oxidative Isocyanide Insertion Leading to 2-Amino-Substituted-4(3H)-Quinazolinones
Creators: name: Shinde Vidyacharan
name: N. C. Chaitra
name: A. Sagar
name: Duddu S. Sharada
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biophysics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Azobenzene photoisomerization probes cell membrane nanoviscosity
Creators: name: Magni, Arianna
name: Bondelli, Gaia
name: Paterno, Giuseppe Maria
name: Sardar, Samim
name: Sesti, Valentina
name: DAndrea, Cosimo
name: Bertarelli, Chiara
name: Lanzani, Guglielmo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The viscosity of cell membranes is a crucial parameter that affects the diffusion of small molecules both across and within the lipidic membrane and that is related to several diseases. Therefore, the possibility to measure quantitatively membrane viscosity on the nanoscale is of great interest. Here, we report a complete investigation of the photophysics of an amphiphilic membrane-targeted azobenzene (ZIAPIN2) and we validate its use as viscosity probe for cell membranes. We exploit ZIAPIN2 the trans-cis photoisomerization to develop a molecular viscometer and to assess the viscosity of Escherichia coli bacteria membranes employing time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. Lifetime measurements of ZIAPIN2 in E. coli bacteria suspensions correctly indicate that membrane viscosity decreases as the samples were heated up. Our results report a membrane viscosity value in live E. coli cells going from 10 to 5 cP, increasing the temperature from 22 °C up to 40 °C.
Emergence of the Classical from within the Quantum Universe
Creators: name: Zurek, Wojciech Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Decoherence shows how the openness of quantum systems -- interaction with their environment -- suppresses flagrant manifestations of quantumness. Einselection accounts for the emergence of preferred quasi-classical pointer states. Quantum Darwinism goes beyond decoherence. It posits that the information acquired by the monitoring environment responsible for decoherence is disseminated, in many copies, in the environment, and thus becomes accessible to observers. This indirect nature of the acquisition of information by observers who use the environment as a communication channel is the mechanism through which objective classical reality emerges from the quantum substrate: States of the systems of interest are not subjected to direct measurements (hence, not perturbed) by the agents acquiring information about them. Thus, they can exist unaffected by the information gained by observers.
description: To appear in the Springer "Fundamental Theories of Physics" series, in the volume dedicated to the memory of H. Dieter Zeh
A mathematical model of network elastoplasticity
Creators: name: Kodama, Hiroki
name: Yoshida, Ken'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 92E10, 05C10 (Primary) 05C50, 05C81, 58E20 (Secondary)

description: We introduce a mathematical model, based on networks, for the elasticity and plasticity of materials. We define the tension tensor for a periodic graph in a Euclidean space, and we show that the tension tensor expresses elasticity under deformation. Plasticity is induced by local moves on a graph. The graph is described in terms of the weights of edges, and we discuss how these weights affect the plasticity.
description: 29 pages, 14 figures. Final version
Geodesic Deviation Equation In $f(Q)$-Gravity
Creators: name: Beh, Jing-Theng
name: Loo, Tee-how
name: De, Avik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper we study the Geodesic Deviation Equation (GDE) in the modified $f(Q)$-gravity theories. The formulation of GDE in General Relativity in the case of the homogeneous and isotropic Friedman-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) spacetime is briefly discussed and then extended in modified $f(Q)$-gravity using its covariant counterpart. The generalised Mattig relation is obtained. Finally, an equivalent expression to the Dyer-Roeder equation in General Relativity in the case of $f(Q)$-gravity is presented.
Metastability for Glauber dynamics on the complete graph with coupling disorder
Creators: name: Bovier, Anton
name: Hollander, Frank den
name: Marello, Saeda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35, 60K37, 82B20, 82B44, 82C44

description: Consider the complete graph on $n$ vertices. To each vertex assign an Ising spin that can take the values $-1$ or $+1$. Each spin $i \in [n]=\{1,2,\dots, n\}$ interacts with a magnetic field $h \in [0,\infty)$, while each pair of spins $i,j \in [n]$ interact with each other at coupling strength $n^{-1} J(i)J(j)$, where $J=(J(i))_{i \in [n]}$ are i.i.d. non-negative random variables drawn from a probability distribution with finite support. Spins flip according to a Metropolis dynamics at inverse temperature $β\in (0,\infty)$. We show that there are critical thresholds $β_c$ and $h_c(β)$ such that, in the limit as $n\to\infty$, the system exhibits metastable behaviour if and only if $β\in (β_c, \infty)$ and $h \in [0,h_c(β))$. Our main result is a sharp asymptotics, up to a multiplicative error $1+o_n(1)$, of the average crossover time from any metastable state to the set of states with lower free energy. We use standard techniques of the potential-theoretic approach to metastability. The leading order term in the asymptotics does not depend on the realisation of $J$, while the correction terms do. The leading order of the correction term is $\sqrt{n}$ times a centred Gaussian random variable with a complicated variance depending on $β,h$, on the law of $J$ and on the metastable state. The critical thresholds $β_c$ and $h_c(β)$ depend on the law of $J$, and so does the number of metastable states. We derive an explicit formula for $β_c$ and identify some properties of $β\mapsto h_c(β)$. Interestingly, the latter is not necessarily monotone, meaning that the metastable crossover may be re-entrant.
description: 41 pages, 6 figures
The figure of the child in British cinema
Creators: name: Smith, Matt
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2020
Subjects: child
british
cinema
imperialism
childhood
film

description: In the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, the cinema in Britain becomes the site on which childhood is most frequently projected. Through an analysis of these projections of childhood via a range of case studies that encompass early cinema, pre and post-war film and contemporary cinema, this book interprets the figure of the child as a device through which to explore and reflect upon issues of nationhood and national culture, race, empire, class, politics and gender. The child that emerges in this study is a singularly mobile figure, deployed across generic boundaries, throughout the history of British cinema and able to embody a range of often competing discourses regarding the health and well-being of the nation. This study is a theoretically informed interpretation of a group of films and is directed towards producing a new understanding of British cinema. It argues that in their remarkable textual and extra-textual mobility the child can come to represent the unfixed nature of "Britishness" as well as the impossibility of a British national cinema - a cinema which like the child, has always been unfixed, transnational and changeable. Centrally this project seeks to add to the growing body of literature concerning the figure of the child on screen but does so in the specific context of British national cinema and ideas of Britishness. The Italian, German, American, French and Chinese child are routinely and rigorously observed figures, whilst the British child is, as of yet, largely unstudied.
title: Gendering the workplace
title: the dispositif of contemporary western science
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Crerar, Janice Mcgibbon
Publisher: name: Charles Darwin University
Year: 2018

description: This thesis interrogates qualitative data from women scientists and women science teachers using feminist poststructural techniques. Social elements and power relations that produce and reproduce the ‘problem’ of women and science are described through the application of Foucauldian methodology. The interrelation and interplay of material and immaterial elements of the dispositif of contemporary Western science are used to identify potential points of disruption. Relations between sex/gender and science emerge as key elements in producing and reproducing discourses, statements and practices that maintain societal status quo in relation to the problem of women and science. The impact of binary categorisation of sex/gender definitions in policy, legislation and practice is critically examined in relation to social theories of gender subjectification, drawing on Judith Butler and Luce Irigaray. Through this analysis, the problem of women and science can be seen as an outcome of socio-cultural conditions of patriarchy emerging at the time of the Enlightenment and persisting into the 21st Century, despite legislation and rhetoric to the contrary. Many current programs, policies and initiatives are unlikely to effect the change required since they maintain the social conditions that make the problem inevitable. Instead, future research and educational strategies are recommended to disrupt the problem of women and science by challenging social assumptions about sex and gender. This is no small task and ultimately requires commitment to social change that disrupts patriarchal relations of power in the 21st Century.
Health, illness and behaviour : Walpiri men's experience in a Central Australian community
Creators: name: Watson, Colin
Publisher: name: Charles Darwin University
Year: 2005

description: The Warlpiri, an Aboriginal people of Central Australia, like other Aboriginal Australians face considerable health challenges. This research project examined the factors that impede Warlpiri men's use of health services. It is known that the indicators of poor health status in Aboriginal men are many times greater than that of other Australian men. Despite these health deficits, the utilization of health services and the reporting of illness by Warlpiri men tend to be low. The research was undertaken at Nyirrpi, a Warlpiri community located in the western deserts of Central Australia. A critical ethnographic methodology that included qualitative and quantitative inquiry was used to conduct this research. Multiple strategies of inquiry including health record analysis, interviews, reflective field diary and observations enabled an understanding of Nyirrpi men's experience to be developed. A descriptive analysis of the health status of Nyirrpi men was undertaken using clinic records. This revealed high levels of chronic disease in both men and women. Analysis of clinic attendance revealed markedly lower rates of clinic utilization for men. In-depth semi-structured interviews were used to investigate the knowledge and beliefs about health and illness and health service issues pertinent to Aboriginal men. The welfare of young Warlpiri men was identified as an area of concern. The path that men take to treatment was examined in order to understand delays in help-seeking. Nyirrpi men universally reported shame as inhibiting access to health services. The causes of this shame are complex and are reported here in detail. Language emerged as a profound factor in the conduct of this research. This has implications well beyond the research arena. Whilst the behaviors demonstrated by Warlpiri men are similar to those reported by men in the Australian community, generally the mechanisms behind them are different. The concepts of homosociality and homophobia are used to explain these differences.
Charge mechanism of low-frequency stimulated Raman scattering in virus suspensions
Creators: name: Oshurko, V. B.
name: Karpova, O. V.
name: Davydov, M. A.
name: Fedorov, A. N.
name: Bunkin, A. F.
name: Pershin, S. M.
name: Grishin, M. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple physical mechanism of stimulated light scattering on viruses in a water suspension (similar to Langmuir wave mechanism in plasma) is proposed. The proposed mechanism is based on the dipole interaction between the light wave and the inevitable uncompensated electrical charge on a virus in a water environment. Experimental data on tobacco mosaic virus are presented to support the proposed physical mechanism. It is demonstrated that stimulated amplification spectral line frequencies observed experimentally are well explained by the proposed mechanism. In particular, the absence of lower-frequency lines and the shifting of generation lines when the pH changes are due to ion friction in the ionic solution environment. The selection rules observed experimentally also confirm the dipole interaction type. It is shown that microwave radiation on virus acoustic vibrations frequency should appear under such scattering conditions. We demonstrate that such conditions also allow for local selective heating of viruses. This effect is controlled by the optical irradiation parameters and can be used to selectively affect a specific type of virus.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2105.01953
Plasma vortices driven by magnetic torsion generated by electric currents in non-magnetic planetary wakes
Creators: name: Durand-Manterola, Hector Javier
name: Flandes, Alberto
name: Perez-de-Tejada, Hector
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In non-collisional magnetized astrophysical plasmas, vortices can form as it is the case of the Venus plasma wake where Lundin et al. (2013) identified a large vortex through the integration of data of many orbits from the Venus Express (VEX) spacecraft. On the one hand, our purpose is to develop a theoretical foundation in order to explain the occurrence and formation of vortices in non-collisional astrophysical plasmas. On the other hand, to apply the latter in order to study the vorticity in the wakes of Venus and Mars. We introduce two theorems and two corollaries, which may be applicable to any non-collisional plasma system, that relate the vorticity to electromagnetic variables such as the magnetic field and the electric current density. We also introduce a toy vortex model for the wakes of non-magnetized planetary bodies. From the proposed theorems and model and using magnetic data of the VEX and the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) spacecraft, we identify vortices in the wakes of Venus and Mars in single spacecraft wake crossings. We also identify a spatial coincidence between current density and vorticity maxima confirming the consistency of our theorems and model. We conclude that vortices in non-collisional magnetized plasmas are always linked to electric currents and that both vortices and currents always coexist. This suggests that the mechanism that produces this type of vortices is the mutual interaction between the electric current and the magnetic field, that to a first approximation is explained considering that plasma currents due to a non-zero net charge density induce magnetic fields that modify the existing field and also produce a helical field configuration that drives charged particles along helical trajectories.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure