cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Parametric tension between even and odd multipole data of WMAP power spectrum: unaccounted contamination or missing parameters?
Creators: name: Kim, Jaiseung
name: Naselsky, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There exist power contrast in even and odd multipoles of WMAP power spectrum at low and intermediate multipole range. This anomaly is explicitly associated with the angular power spectrum, which are heavily used for cosmological model fitting. Having noted this, we have investigated whether even(odd) multipole data set is consistent with the WMAP concordance model. Our investigation shows WMAP concordance model does not make a good fit for even(odd) multipole data set, and there exist tension between two data subsets. Noting tension is highest in primordial power spectrum parameters, we have additionally considered a running spectral index, but find tension increases to even a higher level. We believe these parametric tensions may be indications of unaccounted contamination or imperfection of the model.
description: v2: Latex error fixed, v3: matched with the accepted version in ApJL, conclusion unchanged
A Round-Robin Tournament of the Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma with Complete Memory-Size-Three Strategies
Creators: name: Kretz, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the results of a simulation of a prisoner's dilemma robin-round tournament are presented. In the tournament each participating strategy plays an iterated prisoner's dilemma against each other strategy (round-robin) and as a variant also against itself. The participants of a tournament are all strategies that are deterministic and have the same size of memory with regard to their own and their opponent's past actions: up to three most recent actions of their opponent and up to two most recent actions of their own. A focus is set on the investigation of the influence of the number of iterations, details of the payoff matrix, and the influence of memory size. The main result is that for the tournament as carried out here, different strategies emerge as winners for different payoff matrices, even for different payoff matrices being similar judged on if they fulfill relations T + S = P + R or 2R > T + S. As a consequence of this result it is suggested that whenever the iterated prisoner's dilemma is used to model a real system that does not explicitly fix the payoff matrix, one should check if conclusions remain valid, when a different payoff matrix is used.
description: submitted revised version to Complex Systems
Detection of norfloxacin and nitrite in foods using a paper-based microfluidic device coupled with smartphone application software
Creators: name: Trofimchuk, Evan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: Meat contamination is a severe public health risk and therefore the development of highly precise, rapid, and reliable monitoring devices are necessary. Chemical hazards in meat products such as the presence of nitrites and norfloxacin residues have potentially carcinogenic, toxic, and/or allergenic effects when exceeding threshold limits set by governing health agencies. Conventional methods to monitor meat contaminants are often laborious and require highly skilled personnel, making the quest for developing simpler and more cost-effective techniques for rapid monitoring incessant. The aim of this project was to create simple-to-use, easily accessible, cheap, and accurate methods of improving food safety for meat consumers while increasing manufacturer-consumer transparency. Paper-based colorimetric microfluidic devices capable of semi-quantifying trace levels of nitrite and antibiotic residues in different food matrices were designed and created. The detection of both nitrite and norfloxacin was achieved via specific chromogenic reactions between these chemical hazards and chromogenic reagents on wax-printed filter paper. Wax was used in order to create hydrophobic-hydrophilic channels in which meat juice travelled passively to the detection zones via capillary forces. To increase the limit of detection, the formation of the coffee ring effect was optimized via specific reaction parameters and the photos of the reaction zones were subsequently captured, uploaded to ImageJ processing software, and analyzed. Both reactions were able to be completed within 20 minutes.
Letter From Emmett L. Bennett Jr. to Thomas G. Palaima, January 14, 1986
Creators: name: Bennett, Emmett L.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1986
Subjects: Thomas G. Palaima Collection
Thomas G. Palaima Collection--Correspondence
Thomas G. Palaima Collection--Correspondence--Emmett L. Bennett, Jr.
John Bennet
Fannie Lemoine
Barry Powell

description: Bennett reports on the probable (and eventual) employment of John Bennet to the University of Wisconsin Classics faculty and also commends Tom Palaima on his own career shifts. He also relates salary information.
Quantum limit of photothermal cooling
Creators: name: De Liberato, Simone
name: Lambert, Neill
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the problem of cooling a mechanical oscillator using the photothermal (bolometric) force. Contrary to previous attempts to model this system, we take into account the noise effects due to the granular nature of photon absorption. This allows us to tackle the cooling problem down to the noise dominated regime and to find reasonable estimates for the lowest achievable phonon occupation in the cantilever.
title: The Conference on the Future of Europe and EU Reform: Limits of Differentiated Integration
Creators: name: Schimmelfennig, Frank
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Conference on the Future of Europe
subject: differentiated integration
subject: European Union
subject: institutional reform
subject: ratification
subject: treaty revision

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2020 5(2), 989-998
description: I. Introduction. - II. Venues of differentiated integration: differentiated treaty revisions v. exclusive outside agreements. - III. Issue types and differentiated integration. - IV. Conclusions.
description: There is considerable uncertainty about the outcome of the planned Conference on the Future of Europe, especially regarding possible treaty change. This contribution to the Dialogue comments on the possibility of an intergovernmental agreement outside the EU treaty framework on the basis of theoretical and empirical knowledge about differentiated integration. It argues that such an agreement would deviate from the traditional logic of differentiated integration venues, and that differentiated integration is generally of limited value for overcoming decision-making blockades on constitutional and redistributive issues.
Market Opportunities for Rydberg Based GHz to THz Sensors
Creators: name: M Squared Lasers
Publisher: name: Durham University
Year: 2021
Subjects: THz
Terahertz
Sensor
Rydberg
Fluorescence
Market Opportunities
Market Research

description: This Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) funded document was commissioned by Durham University at the behest of the 'Sensors and Timing' UK Quantum Technology Hub to investigate the market potential of atom-based imaging and sensing.
description: Terahertz radiation presents a myriad of opportunities for sensing and imaging. Many envisaged THz applications arise from the fact that specific rotations, vibrations or librations of molecules and molecular aggregates occur in this frequency range. THz radiation can: pass through many materials that are opaque in the visible region (e.g. clothing, plastics and paper), allow the spectroscopic distinction of liquids and solids such as explosives, drugs and biomolecules, monitor spatial distributions of chemicals and pharmaceutical active ingredients, and identify defects by strong scattering conditions. Furthermore, THz radiation is non-ionizing and safe in comparison to x-rays. These sensing and imaging attributes enables a large variety of applications for the hyperspectral detection and identification of molecules in diverse areas. Examples of the main application areas of THz imaging currently include: (1) Stand-off detection of hidden objects and weapons (2) Non-invasive medical and dental diagnostics (3) Detection of cracks and defects in materials (4) Non-destructive rapid fault isolation in integrated circuit packages (5) Drug discovery and formulation analysis of coatings and cores (6) Non-contact imaging for conservation of paintings, manuscripts and artefacts (7) Monitoring of crop and plant hydration levels. The terahertz region of the electromagnetic spectrum sits between the well exploited optical and radio wavelengths; beyond the long-wave infrared, yet shorter than the sub-millimetre wave band. The technology in this spectral region (Generally defined as being between 0.3-10 THz) is significantly less well advanced than for the optical and radio bands, leading to what has become known as the ‘terahertz gap’. Despite research and development in this area of high potential since the 1960’s, the source and detector technology required for effective implementation has remained frustratingly complex, expensive, impractical, and ultimately lacking the necessary performance. Rydberg methods presented here offer an opportunity to harness this spectral region in a simple method that offers direct spectrally resolved THz imaging and field measurements traceable to SI units.
title: It Takes Two to Tango: An Introduction
Creators: name: Krommendijk, Jasper
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: preliminary ruling procedure
subject: judicial dialogue
subject: national courts
subject: CILFIT
subject: motives to refer
subject: (dis)satisfaction with Court of Justice judgments

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2020 5(2), 745-754
description: I. Introduction. - II. Evolving legal questions surrounding Art. 267 TFEU. - III. Stocktaking: the procedure under pressure? - IV. Contributing to the academic debate. - V. Overview of the Special Section. - V.1. Factors and motives to refer. - V.2. Quality of Court of Justice answers and dialogue. - V.3. Implementation of Court of Justice judgments.
description: The most important procedure of EU law is the preliminary ruling procedure. Academic scrutiny by way of a Special Section is pertinent for three reasons. Firstly, there are still many out-standing legal and practical questions with respect to Art. 267 TFEU as illustrated by the continuous flow of new judgments of the Court of Justice and European Court of Human Rights. Secondly, there are growing allegations that (some) national court judges are dissatisfied with the procedure, their interaction with the Court of Justice and the resulting answers. Thirdly, there has been little (empirical) research into the effective functioning of the procedure and its application by national courts. The Articles of this Special Section examine - often in an empirical way on the basis of interviews or questionnaires - why national courts refer (or not), what they think of their interaction with the Court of Justice and whether and how they implement the answers of the Court of Justice.
Antiwetting and antifouling Janus membrane for desalination of saline oily wastewater by membrane distillation
Creators: name: Li, Chenxi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: Membrane distillation (MD) is an emerging desalination technology employing a hydrophobic (water-repelling) microporous membrane that is promising for water reclamation from highly saline streams that conventional reverse osmosis (RO) cannot treat. However, conventional hydrophobic membranes are prone to wetting and fouling when treating complex waste streams, such as oil- and gas-produced waters, which limits the applications of MD. Typically, two conflicting surface properties (i.e., hydrophobic and hydrophilic) are required to mitigate pore wetting and membrane fouling, respectively. In this thesis, we develop Janus membranes comprising a hydrophilic zwitterionic polymer layer and an omniphobic (all liquid-repelling) porous substrate that simultaneously possess fouling and wetting resistances. An omniphobic membrane was first fabricated by attaching silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) to the fibers of a quartz fiber mat, creating multilevel re-entrant structures, followed by surface fluorination to reduce the surface energy. The Janus membrane was then fabricated by grafting a zwitterionic polymer brush layer via surface-initiated atom-transfer radical-polymerization (ATRP) on the omniphobic substrate. Membrane characterizations, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and contact angle measurements, confirm that the surface hydrophilicity can be finely tuned by adjusting the duration of the ATRP reaction. Also, the zwitterionic polymer brush layer was confined on the top surface of the Janus membrane, rendering the surface hydrophilic, while the remaining part of the Janus membrane remained omniphobic, resisting the wicking of low-surface-tension liquids including ethanol and hexane. A static oil-fouling test showed that crude oil droplets irreversibly fouled an omniphobic membrane (without a hydrophilic top layer) in water. In contrast, oil droplets placed on the Janus membrane in air were immediately desorbed upon its immersion in water. Finally, we performed direct-contact MD (DCMD) experiments using a crude-oil-in-saline (NaCl) water emulsion as a feed solution, simulating highly saline oily wastewater. The Janus membrane exhibited superior wetting and fouling resistances, with stable water flux and nearly perfect salt rejection, while an omniphobic membrane failed in the desalination process. Our work highlights the great potential of antiwetting and antifouling Janus membranes for water reclamation from challenging industrial wastewaters through MD.
Lagrangian generators of the Poincare gauge symmetries
Creators: name: Banerjee, Rabin
name: Roy, Debraj
name: Samanta, Saurav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have systematically computed the generators of the symmetries arising in Poincare gauge theory formulation of gravity, both in 2+1 and 3+1 dimensions. This was done using a completely Lagrangian approach. The results are expected to be valid in any dimensions, as seen through lifting the results of the 2+1 dimensional example into the 3+1 dimensional one.
description: Latex2e, 15 pages, 1 figure; (v2) Appendix containing discussion on applications of Lagrangian generators added
A Detection of an Anti-correlated Hard X-ray Lag in AM Herculis
Creators: name: Sriram, K.
name: Choi, C. S.
name: Rao, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context {Earlier cross-correlation studies for AM Her were performed in various energy range from optical to X-ray and suggested that it mostly shows a high level of correlation but on occasion it shows a low level of correlation or uncorrelation.} Aims {To investigate the degree of correlation between soft (2-4 keV) and hard (9-20 keV) X-rays, we perform the cross-correlation study of the X-ray data sets of AM Her obtained with {\it RXTE}.} Methods {We cross-correlate the background-subtracted soft and hard X-ray light curves using the XRONOS program crosscor and fit a model to the obtained cross-correlation functions.} Results {We detect a hard X-ray lag of $192\pm33$ s in a specific section of energy-dependent light curve, where the soft X-ray (2-4 keV) intensity decreases but the hard X-ray (9-20 keV) intensity increases. From a spectral analysis, we find that the X-ray emission temperature increases during the anti-correlated intensity variation. In two other observations, the cross-correlation functions show a low level of correlation, which is consistent with the earlier results performed in a different energy range.} Conclusions {We report a detection of an anti-correlated hard X-ray lag of $\sim$190 s from the proto-type polar AM Her. The hard X-ray lag is detected for the first time in the given energy range, and it is the longest lag among those reported in magnetic cataclysmic variables. We discuss the implications of our findings regarding the origin of the hard X-ray lag and the anti-correlated intensity variation.}
description: Accepted in A&A, 4 pages
Effects of noise on synchronization phenomena exhibited by mean-field coupled limit cycle oscillators with two natural frequencies
Creators: name: Okumura, K.
name: Ichiki, A.
name: Shiino, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relationships between inter-cluster synchronization phenomena and external noise are studied on the basis of noise level-free analysis. We consider a mean-field model of ensembles of coupled limit cycle oscillators with two natural frequencies, which are subjected to external white Gaussian noise. Using a nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation approach, we analytically derive the order parameter equations associated with nonequilibrium phase transitions in the thermodynamic limit. Solving them numerically, we systematically investigate the model parameter dependences of the appearance and disappearance of synchronization phenomena. Demonstrating bifurcations from chaotic attractors in the deterministic limit to limit cycle attractors with increasing noise intensity, we confirm the occurrence of nonequilibrium phase transitions including inter-cluster synchronization induced by external white Gaussian noise.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Marginal gap and internal fit of CEREC e.max and Celtra Duo crowns
Creators: name: Al Saloum, Mohammed Abdullah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: Objectives: To compare marginal and internal fit as well as marginal chipping of e.max (EM) and Celtra Duo (CD) all-ceramic crowns fabricated using chairside economical restoration of esthetic ceramics (CEREC) system. Material and Methods: Tooth # 15 was prepared for an all-ceramic crown on an ivorine typodont. A total of 15 CD and 15 EM crowns were designed and fabricated using CEREC Omnicam and CEREC MC XL milling chamber. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) was utilized to assess marginal and internal fit of crowns in both groups. Marginal gap (MG) measurements were done at 20 systematically selected points per crown. Internal gap (IG) was measured at 70 systematically selected points in each crown. Crowns with MG > 120 μm at more than five points were considered unacceptable. Clinical assessment was considered as an additional criterion for rejecting unacceptable crowns. Clinical assessment was done according to United States Public Health Service (USPHS) criteria that scores clinically acceptable restorations as Alpha and Bravo and unacceptable restorations as Charlie and Delta. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to evaluate the extent and severity of marginal chipping. Results: CD crowns had significantly smaller MG (46 ± 25.42 µm) as compared to EM crowns (65 ± 29.08 µm) (p-values<0.05). CD crowns had smaller IG than did EM crowns (44 ± 36.94 μm and 54.9 ± 35.38 μm, respectively). Overall, two EM crowns were deemed unacceptable based on micro-CT assessment, while all crowns in the CD group were deemed acceptable. Based on clinical assessment, twelve crowns were clinically acceptable (eight Alpha and four Bravo), and three crowns were deemed unacceptable and scored Charlie in EM group. In the CD group, all crowns were clinically acceptable (twelve Alpha and three Bravo). Based on SEM assessment, the extent of chipping was larger in CD than in EM crowns while the severity of chipping was higher in EM crowns than in the CD group. Conclusion: While the mean MGs for crowns in both groups were clinically acceptable, there were three unacceptable crowns in the EM group. There were no significant differences in the internal fit nor in marginal chipping.
title: No Preliminary References from Dutch Overseas Judges: Is It Tambu or Tumba Dancing with the Court of Justice?
Creators: name: Geursen, Wessel
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: preliminary reference procedure
subject: national courts
subject: motives to refer
subject: overseas countries territories (OCT)
subject: association regime
subject: Caribbean

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2020 5(2), 755-775
description: I. Introduction. - II. Study design and research method. - III. Dutch Caribbean case law and legislation concerning EU law. - IV. OCT judge opinions on preliminary reference. - V. Conclusion.
description: Under EU law, parts of several Member States are characterised as Overseas Countries Territories (OCT); the metropolitan parts of those Member States are situated in Europe. Courts established in OCT areas are considered Member State courts as described in Art. 267 TFEU. Because of this status, they may ask preliminary questions to the Court of Justice. Only two French OCT courts have ever made a preliminary reference to the Court of Justice, while Danish and Dutch OCT judges have never referred their cases to the Court; nor did judges from the British OCT before Brexit. The question I seek to answer in this Article is whether judges of the OCT courts are unaware or unwilling to refer "their" cases to the Court. To arrive at an answer, the opinions from judges - retired and currently on the bench alike - from the Dutch OCT on both EU law and the EU preliminary references procedure were collected through an online questionnaire and interviews. The results demonstrate that judges are mainly unaware, but - once well informed - willing to refer to the Court. This conclusion fits within researches regarding other national judges. It also indicates that there are several ways to improve the awareness of the Dutch OCT judiciary from when i) EU law applies, and ii) the preliminary reference can be used; both in theory and also in practice.
title: DEPRECATED: Application of Fractional Calculus to Rainfall-Streamflow Modelling
Creators: name: BORTHWICK, MARTIN FRANCIS
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 2010

description: There is evidence that hydrologic systems exhibit memory processes that may be represented by fractional order systems. A new theory is developed in this work that generalises the classical unit hydrograph technique for the rainfall-runoff transformation. The theory is based upon a fractional order linear deterministic systems approach subject to an initial condition and is taken to apply to the entire rainfallstreamflow transformation (i.e. including baseflow). The general equation for a cascade of time-lagged linear reservoirs of fractional order subject to a constant initialisation function is derived, and is shown to be a form of fractional relaxation model. Dooge's (1959) general theory of the instantaneous unit hydrograph is shown to fit within the new theoretical framework. Similarly the relationship to the general storage equation of Chow and Kulandaiswamy (1971) is demonstrated. It is shown that the correct initialisation of cascade models requires a substantial number of initial conditions which may limit the viability of applying them in practice. Consequently, the differential formulation of the classical Nash cascade has been corrected and reinterpreted. The unbounded nature of the solution to the convolution integral form of the single fractional relaxation model is overcome by application of the Laplace transform of the pulse rainfall hyetograph following Wang and Wu (1983). The model parameters are fitted using the genetic algorithm. The fractional order cascade equations are tested for classical rainfall-runoff modelling using a set of 22 events for the River Nenagh. The cascade of 2 unequal fractionalorder reservoirs is shown to converge to that of the integer order case, whilst the cascade of equal reservoirs shows some differences. For the modelling of the total rainfall-streamflow process the single fractional order reservoir model with a constant initialisation function is tested on a selection of events for a range of UK catchment scales (22km^ to 510km ). A rainfall loss model is incorporated to account for infiltration and evapotranspiration. The results show that the new approach is viable for modelling the rainfall-streamflow transformation at the lumped catchment scale, although the parameter values are not constant for a given catchment. Further work is recommended on determining the nature of the initialisation function using field studies to improve the identification of the model parameters on an event-by-event basis.
title: Lawyering Eurolaw: An Empirical Exploration into the Practice of Preliminary References
Creators: name: Hoevenaars, Jos
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: preliminary reference procedure
subject: Court of Justice
subject: lawyers
subject: legal expertise
subject: legal opportunity structure
subject: qualitative analysis

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2020 5(2), 777-797
description: I. Introduction. - II. A European opportunity structure. - III. Lawyers and references: an unexpected task. - III.1. Allocating resources. - III.2. Going to Luxembourg. - III.3. Legal aid and references. - III.4. Lawyers' motivation. - III.5. The "language" of EU law. - III.6. The significance of the hearing. - III.7. The ways of the court. - III.8. Coping strategies. - IV. Macro effects of the allocation of Eurolaw expertise. - V. Conclusions.
description: The preliminary reference procedure is often credited as the engine behind European integration. Until very recently however, the role of lawyers in this parable of law-led political unification has remained relatively unexplored. As a result, we still lack empirical insight into the day-to-day on-the-ground practice of "doing EU law" by legal professionals that represent parties before the European Court of Justice. Without an exclusive focus on highly transformative, salient, or "landmark" cases, and opting instead for a bottom-up approach, this Article looks at the everyday practice of references to the European Court of Justice from the perspective of the legal practitioners that litigate these cases. This Article draws on interviews with lawyers that have assisted individual litigants in preliminary reference procedures and presents an empirical exploration into the everyday context in which legal practitioners work on preliminary references cases. The central question this Article aims to answer is: How do lawyers deal with the challenges of representing individual parties in preliminary references cases? The findings underscore how the effective use of the preliminary reference procedure is reserved largely for organisations and "strategy entrepreneurs" with the necessary credentials, means, and expertise. On the one hand, it provides possibilities for "trumping" the domestic legal system whenever supranational legislation provides opportunities against national policy or legislation; on the other hand, in terms of access to justice and as a form of remedy, the preliminary reference procedure remains a difficult "sword" to yield.
Second-order nonadiabatic couplings from time-dependent density functional theory: Evaluation in the immediate vicinity of Jahn-Teller/Renner-Teller intersections
Creators: name: Hu, Chunping
name: Sugino, Osamu
name: Watanabe, Kazuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a rigorous quantum simulation of nonadiabatic dynamics of electrons and nuclei, knowledge of not only first-order but also second-order nonadiabatic couplings (NAC), is required. Here we propose a method to efficiently calculate second-order NAC from time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), on the basis of the Casida ansatz adapted for the computation of first-order NAC, which has been justified in our previous work and can be shown to be valid for calculating second-order NAC between ground state and singly excited states within the Tamm-Dancoff approximation. Test calculations of second-order NAC in the immediate vicinity of Jahn-Teller and Renner-Teller intersections show that calculation results from TDDFT, combined with modified linear response theory, agree well with the prediction from the Jahn-Teller / Renner-Teller models. Contrary to the diverging behavior of first-order NAC near all types of intersection points, the Cartesian components of second-order NAC are shown to be negligibly small near Renner-Teller glancing intersections, while they are significantly large near the Jahn-Teller conical intersections. Nevertheless, the components of second-order NAC can cancel each other to a large extent in Jahn-Teller systems, indicating the background of neglecting second-order NAC in practical dynamics simulations. On the other hand, it is shown that such a cancellation becomes less effective in an elliptic Jahn-Teller system and thus the role of second-order NAC needs to be evaluated in the rigorous framework. Our study shows that TDDFT is promising to provide accurate data of NAC for full quantum mechanical simulation of nonadiabatic processes.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures
Low mass di-electrons from Cu+Cu Collisions
Creators: name: Campbell, Sarah C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: dielectron
centrality
qgp
flow
multiplicity

description: This document details the measurement and meaning of the dielectron excess in Cu+Cu collisions as determined by the PHENIX experiment. Additionally the Cu+Cu system compared with the Au+Au could allow the separation of collision multiplicity and flow effects. By studying the Cu+Cu mass spectra and yields as a function of pair pT and collision centrality we obtain further understanding of its behavior.
Andreev spectroscopy of doped HgTe quantum wells
Creators: name: Guigou, M.
name: Cayssol, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Andreev reflection process in high-mobility HgTe/CdTe quantum wells. We find that Andreev conductance probes the dynamics of massive 2+1 Dirac fermions, and that both specular Andreev reflection and retroreflection can be realized even in presence of a large mismatch between the Fermi wavelengths at the two sides of the normal/superconducting junction.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
title: ÐÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÐ° ÑÑÑÐ´Ð° Ð¸ Ð²Ð¾ÑÑÑÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´ÑÐ½Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸ÐºÐµ Ð² Ð Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¸
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Research of the labor market and demands of specialists in international logistics in Russia
Creators: name: ÐÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð², ÐÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ»Ð°Ð²
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2021
Subjects: ÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ðº ÑÑÑÐ´Ð°
Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°
ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ
Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ
Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ
labor market
logistics
specialty
research
education

description: Ð Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÐ° ÑÑÑÐ´Ð° Ð¸ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½ÑÑ Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ð½Ð¾Ð² Ð²ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½ÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹, Ð¾ÑÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ð»ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐºÑ ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¿Ð¾ Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸ÐºÐµ.
description: The aim of the graduate qualification work is to conduct a study of the labor market and analyze the curricula of higher educational institutions that train logistics specialists.
Self-gravitating darkon fluid with anisotropic scaling
Creators: name: Stichel, P. C.
name: Zakrzewski, W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fluid model for the dark sector of the universe (darkon fluid) introduced previously in \cite{PRD} is reformulated as a modified model involving only variables from physical phase space. The Lagrangian of the model does not possess a free particle limit and hence the particles it describes, darkons, exist only as a self-gravitating fluid. This darkon fluid presents a dynamical realisation of the zero-mass Galilean algebra extended by anisotropic dilational symmetry with dynamical exponent $z=5/3$. The model possesses cosmologically relevant solutions which are identical to those of \cite{PRD}. We derive also the equations for the cosmological perturbations at early times and determine their solutions. In addition, we discuss also some implications of adding higher spatial-derivative terms.
description: a small error corrected; the paper accepted for publication in EPJC
title: Judicial Hierarchy in the Preliminary Ruling Procedure: Exploring the Relationship Between the First and Second Instance Courts
Creators: name: Glavina, Monika
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: judicial cooperation
subject: preliminary ruling procedure
subject: Art. 267 TFEU
subject: national courts
subject: Europeanisation of national courts
subject: team model

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2020 5(2), 799-823
description: I. Introduction. - II. Debates on cross-court divergences. - II.1. Legal explanation. - II.2. Judicial empowerment and Court competition. - II.3. The role of the judicial organisation. - III. Judicial organisation and the team model. - IV. Data and methodology. - V. Results - V.1. Fact-finding v. law-finding specialisation. - V.2. Workload v. resources ratio. - VI. Conclusion.
description: The Article contributes to the scholarly debate on cross-court variations in referral rates by exploring the role of the judicial hierarchy on the propensity of national judges to refer legal questions to the CJEU. The focus of this Article lies in exploring the relationship between the first and the second instance court judges and the question of how these two groups of judges perceive their role in the preliminary ruling. The Article places the study of judicial behaviour with respect to the preliminary ruling procedure on more rigorous theoretical grounds. Building on the team model of adjudication and based on mixed-method research design, it argues that law-finding specialisation, a more beneficial workload v. resources ratio and the fact that preliminary questions can only address points of law give the second instance courts judges more reasons to engage with Art. 267 TFEU proceedings as compared to their first instance counterparts.
Analytical Approach to Noise Effects on Synchronization in a System of Coupled Excitable Elements
Creators: name: Okumura, K.
name: Shiino, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report relationships between the effects of noise and applied constant currents on the behavior of a system of excitable elements. The analytical approach based on the nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation of a mean-field model allows us to study the effects of noise without approximations only by dealing with deterministic nonlinear dynamics . We find the similarity, with respect to the occurrence of oscillations involving subcritical Hopf bifurcations, between the systems of an excitable element with applied constant currents and mean-field coupled excitable elements with noise.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Various problems on subproducts of residue classes modulo a prime
Creators: name: Parvardi, Amir Hossein
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: Let p be a prime number. Booker and Pomerance find an integer y with 1 < y ≤ p such that all non-zero residue classes modulo p can be written as a square-free product of positive integers up to y. Let us denote by y(p) the smallest such y. Booker and Pomerance show in their paper that except for p - 5 and 7, we have y(p) ≤ y and some better upper bounds were conjectured. Later, Munsch and Shparlinski proved those conjectures with even better localization. Their work was done as the same time as ours, but with fairly more complicated methods in the proof. We were seeking to find a solution for the problem using Pólya-Vinogradov inequality or at most its improvement, the Burgess bound on character sums. That being said, we removed the condition in the problem that the product has to be square-free. We proved that for m > p^[1/(4√e+o(1)], each residue class b of (ℤ/pℤ)^× can be written as a product of elements of the set {1, 2,..., m} modulo p. In fact, we showed that the number of such sub-products (congruent to b mod p) is asymptotic to 2^m/(p - 1). The proofs are based on an identity involving sums of Dirichlet characters modulo p as well as the Burgess inequality on partial character sums. Basically, we use proof by contradiction to state that if the error term (for number of sub-product) is large, then there should be many χ values close to 1, which would result in the character sum being large, thereby contradicting the Burgess inequality (which essentially says bounds the character sums).
Location of gamma-ray Flare Emission in the Jet of the BL Lacertae Object OJ287 more than 14pc from the Central Engine
Creators: name: Agudo, Ivan
name: Jorstad, Svetlana G.
name: Marscher, Alan P.
name: Larionov, Valeri M.
name: Gomez, Jose L.
name: Lahteenmaki, Anne
name: Gurwell, Mark A.
name: Smith, Paul S.
name: Wiesemeyer, Helmut
name: Thum, Clemens
name: Heidt, Jochen
name: Blinov, Dmitriy A.
name: D'Arcangelo, Francesca D.
name: Hagen-Thorn, Vladimir A.
name: Morozova, Daria A.
name: Nieppola, Elina
name: Roca-Sogorb, Mar
name: Schmidt, Gary D.
name: Taylor, Brian
name: Tornikoski, Merja
name: Troitsky, Ivan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine time-dependent multi-waveband flux and linear polarization observations with sub-milliarcsecond-scale polarimetric images at lambda=7mm of the BL Lacertae-type blazar OJ287 to locate the gamma-ray emission in prominent flares in the jet of the source >14pc from the central engine. We demonstrate a highly significant correlation between the strongest gamma-ray and millimeter-wave flares through Monte-Carlo simulations. The two reported gamma-ray peaks occurred near the beginning of two major mm-wave outbursts, each of which is associated with a linear polarization maximum at millimeter wavelengths. Our Very Long Baseline Array observations indicate that the two mm-wave flares originated in the second of two features in the jet that are separated by >14 pc. The simultaneity of the peak of the higher-amplitude gamma-ray flare and the maximum in polarization of the second jet feature implies that the gamma-ray and mm-wave flares are co-spatial and occur >14 pc from the central engine. We also associate two optical flares, accompanied by sharp polarization peaks, with the two gamma-ray events. The multi-waveband behavior is most easily explained if the gamma-rays arise from synchrotron self-Compton scattering of optical photons from the flares. We propose that flares are triggered by interaction of moving plasma blobs with a standing shock. The gamma-ray and optical emission is quenched by inverse Compton losses as synchrotron photons from the newly shocked plasma cross the emission region. The mm-wave polarization is high at the onset of a flare, but decreases as the electrons emitting at these wavelengths penetrate less polarized regions.
description: Accepted for Publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 6 pages, including 5 figures
title: Irish Courts and the European Court of Justice: Explaining the Surprising Move from an Island Mentality to Enthusiastic Engagement
Creators: name: Krommendijk, Jasper
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: preliminary ruling procedure
subject: Cilfit
subject: motives to refer
subject: knowledge of EU law
subject: domestic litigation
subject: (dis)satisfaction with Court of Justice judgments

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2020 5(2), 825-849
description: I. Introduction. - II. Research design and literature overview. - III. Legal explanations. - III.1. A stricter application of Cilfit by the Supreme Court. - III.2. The Court of Appeal: a de facto court of final appeal applying Cilfit. - IV. A generational change in knowledge and mentality. - V. Increased (EU law) litigations and requests to refer. - VI. No negative feedback loops: general satisfaction with Court of Justice answers. - VI.1. General satisfaction and inspiration. - VI.2. Very few deficient Court of Justice judgments: exceptions proving the rule. - VII. Concluding remarks.
description: Ireland has always had a mixed relationship with the EU. It is one of the few EU Member States in which the people rejected EU constitutional changes. Until the EU enlargement of 2004, Ireland had the lowest rate of preliminary references to the Court of Justice across all EU Member States. The latter has changed in recent years. Irish courts have been at the forefront with important references in sensitive areas (Court of Justice: judgment of 27 November 2012, case C-370/12, Pringle; case C-293/12, Digital Rights Ireland [GC]; judgment of 6 October 2015, case C-362/14, Schrems [GC]; judgment of 25 July 2018, case C-216/18 PPU, Celmer [GC]). While only 44 cases where referred in its first 30 years of membership (1973-2003), 45 references were made in the six years between 2013-2018. This Article explains this marked change from what seems an island mentality to enthusiastic engagement with the Court of Justice. Why have Irish courts become more active interlocutors of the Court of Justice? What are their motives to refer (or not)? This question is studied on the basis of a legal-empirical research consisting of interviews with Irish judges and a systematic analysis of all decisions (not) to refer since 2013. This Article attributes the increase in references to the arrival of new judges with more knowledge about EU law and a more positive attitude towards referring. Other factors are the previous positive experiences with the Court of Justice that have stimulated (other) judges to refer. Legal considerations also played a role. Not only the Supreme Court, but also the High Court and the Court of Appeal have rather faithfully applied Cilfit (Court of Justice, judgment of 6 October 1982, case 283/81, v. Ministero della Sanità).
On linear representations of Chevalley groups over commutative rings
Creators: name: Rapinchuk, Igor A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $G$ be the universal Chevalley-Demazure group scheme corresponding to a reduced irreducible root system of rank $\geq 2$, and let $R$ be a commutative ring. We analyze the linear representations $ρ\colon G(R)^+ \to GL_n (K)$ over an algebraically closed field $K$ of the elementary subgroup $G(R)^+ \subset G(R).$ Our main result is that under certain conditions, any such representation has a standard description, i.e. there exists a commutative finite-dimensional $K$-algebra $B$, a ring homomorphism $f \colon R \to B$ with Zariski-dense image, and a morphism of algebraic groups $σ\colon G(B) \to GL_n (K)$ such that $ρ$ coincides with $σ\circ F$ on a suitable finite index subgroup $Γ\subset G(R)^+,$ where $F \colon G(R)^+ \to G(B)^+$ is the group homomorphism induced by $f.$ In particular, this confirms a conjecture of Borel and Tits for Chevalley groups over a field of characteristic zero.
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title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Development and research of methods of creating a corporate identity for a coffee shop chain
Creators: name: ÐÑÑÐ´ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²ÑÐºÐ°Ñ, Ð¡Ð¾ÑÑÑ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2018
Subjects: ÐÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°
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description: ÐÐ±ÑÐµÐºÑ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ: Ð²Ð¸Ð·ÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐ¸ ÐºÐ¾ÑÐµÐµÐ½. Ð¦ÐµÐ»Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ â ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÐºÐ¸ ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð°Ð¹Ð´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¸ ÑÐµÑÐ¸ ÐºÐ¾ÑÐµÐµÐ½. Ð Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐµ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÐ° Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð² Ð²Ð¸Ð·ÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð² Ð²ÑÐ±ÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐµÐ´Ðµ. Ð ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐµ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð° ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð° Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÐºÐ° ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÑÐ¸Ð»Ñ ÑÐµÑÐ¸ ÐºÐ¾ÑÐµÐµÐ½. Ð­ÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÐºÐ¸ Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°ÐµÑÑÑ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¼ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð¼ Ðº ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð½Ð°Ð´ ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐ¼ ÑÑÐ¸Ð»ÐµÐ¼. Ð ÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÑ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³ÑÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ ÑÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ½Ð¾ Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ´ÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð² Ð¿ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð´Ð¸Ð·Ð°Ð¹Ð½ÐµÑÐ¾Ð².
description: The object of the study is a visual identity of the coffee shop chains. Objective: to develop methods of creating a corporate identity for a coffeeshop chain. In the process, market and branding identity research studies were carried out. As a result of the research, a method for developing the corporate identity of the coffee shop chain was created. The effectiveness of the methods is provided by a systematic approach to work on the corporate identity. The results of the research can be successfully implemented in design practice.