cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Internal Finance and Investment: Evidence from the Undistributed Profits Tax of 1936-37
Creators: name: Calomiris, Charles W.
name: Hubbard, R. Glenn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Economic history
Banks and banking

description: Theoretical work on financing costs under asymmetric information has linked shifts in firms' internal funds and investment spending, holding constant investment opportunities. An impediment to convincing tests of these models is the lack of firm-level data on the relative cost of internal and external funds. We use a tax experiment, the surtax on undistributed profits in the 1930s, to identify firms' relative cost of internal and external funds by calculating surtax margins. The investment of high-surtax-margin firms was sensitive to shifts in cash flow, holding constant investment opportunities. Other firms did not display sensitivity of investment to internal funds.
Propagating two-dimensional magnetic droplets
Creators: name: Hoefer, M. A.
name: Sommacal, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Propagating, solitary magnetic wave solutions of the Landau-Lifshitz equation with uniaxial, easy-axis anisotropy in thin (two-dimensional) magnetic films are investigated. These localized, nontopological wave structures, parametrized by their precessional frequency and propagation speed, extend the stationary, coherently precessing "magnon droplet" to the moving frame, a non-trivial generalization due to the lack of Galilean invariance. Propagating droplets move on a spin wave background with a nonlinear droplet dispersion relation that yields a limited range of allowable droplet speeds and frequencies. An iterative numerical technique is used to compute the propagating droplet's structure and properties. The results agree with previous asymptotic calculations in the weakly nonlinear regime. Furthermore, an analytical criterion for the droplet's orbital stability is confirmed. Time-dependent numerical simulations further verify the propagating droplet's robustness to perturbation when its frequency and speed lie within the allowable range.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures
Spatial distribution of various air pollutants in China at 1 km(PM2.5 2015-01-01:2018-03-18)
Creators: name: Yufeng, Chi
name: Yu, Zhan
name: Kai, Wang
name: Hong, Ye
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Spatial distribution of various air pollutants in China at 1 km(PM2.5) Time frame: 2015-2020
 Area: Most of China
 Resolution: about 1km
 File storage format: gz and GeoTIFF
 Spatial projection: WGS84
 File name: pm25_year_month_day.tif Data part 1. From 2015-01-01:2018-03-18 When you download and use our data, please cite: Chi, Y., Zhan, Y., Wang, K., and Ye, H.: Sequential spatiotemporal distribution of PM2.5, SO2 and Ozone in China from 2015 to 2020, Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2023-76, in review, 2023. This version of the product has been moved to version 1.1. The address will be announced at a later date. Thank You!
title: Transition, volume 2, issue 4
title: Transition
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Watts, Steve
name: ASCSU, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 1969
Subjects: Colorado State University -- Periodicals
Fort Collins (Colo.) -- Periodicals

description: October 15 issue of the Transition, a weekly Colorado State University student newspaper and an alternative to the Rocky Mountain Collegian. Includes articles, photographs, and illustrations concerning local and national issues important to students at Colorado State University.
title: Deep Learning-based Segmentation of Head and Neck Cancer and Carotid Artery for Improvement in Carotid Blowout Estimation
Creators: name: Cheng, Shih-Chun
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Head and neck
subject: CT
subject: CAD
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Retrospective
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Patients with head and neck cancer may develop carotid blowout because of tumor erosion or inflammation, which can lead to death. However, the estimation of when and where the blowout occurs is still based on subjective observation. Here, we...
View planning for automated site modeling
Creators: name: Blaer, Paul S.
name: Allen, Peter K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Computer science

description: We present a systematic method for constructing 3-D models of large outdoor sites. The method is designed for a mobile robot platform and incorporates automated acquisition of scanned data as well as automated view planning and model construction. In our modeling process, we first use a preliminary view or set of preplanned views to yield an initial, approximate, 3-D model of the target structure. Then, we update this model by using a voxel-based procedure to plan and acquire the next best view. This updating is repeated sequentially until an accurate and complete 3-D model is finally obtained. The method was successfully tested on a portion of the Columbia University campus.
Scholarly Communication. Oder: Wie können Bibliotheken auch weiterhin zur wissenschaftlichen Kommunikation beitragen?
Creators: name: Peters, Isabella
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: libraries, Bibliotheken, wissenschaftliche Kommunikation, scholarly communication, open science

description: Talk presented at MALIS Symposium 2019 in Cologne, Germany: https://www.th-koeln.de/studium/bibliotheks--und-informationswissenschaft-master-in-library-and-information-science---symposium-2019_58694.php
Soft Finger Model with Adaptive Contact Geometry for Grasping and Manipulation Tasks
Creators: name: Allen, Peter K.
name: Lackner, Claire
name: Ciocarlie, Matei
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Robotics

description: This paper presents a method for building analytical contact models for soft fingers. Friction constraints are derived based on general expressions for non-planar contacts of elastic bodies, taking into account the local geometry and structure of the objects in contact. These constraints are then formulated as a linear complementarity problem, the solution of which provides the normal and frictional forces applied at each contact, as well as the relative velocity of the bodies involved. This approach captures frictional effects such as coupling between tangential force and frictional torque. We illustrate this method by analyzing manipulation tasks performed by an anthropomorphic robotic hand equipped with soft fingerpads.
Four Zero Texture Fermion Mass Matrices in SO(10) GUT
Creators: name: Dev, S.
name: Kumar, Sanjeev
name: Verma, Surender
name: Gupta, Shivani
name: Gautam, R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We attempt the integration of the phenomenologically successful four zero texture of fermion mass matrices with the renormalizable SO(10) GUT. The resulting scenario is found to be highly predictive. Firstly, we examine the phenomenological implications of a class of the lepton mass matrices with parallel texture structures and obtain interesting constraints on the parameters of the charged lepton and the neutrino mass matrices. We combine these phenomenological constraints with the constraints obtained from SO(10) GUT to reduce the number of the free parameters and to further constrain the allowed ranges of the free parameters. The solar/atmospheric mixing angles obtained in this analysis are in fairly good agreement with the data.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
The Diakonia of Liturgy: Diakonia as Philanthropia
Creators: name: Regule, Teva
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Religion

description: The human person is seen as created in the image of God and called to grow into that likeness. Our model for being is the Tribune God- a community of persons in shared love. As Christians, we grow into God’s likeness through our relationship with Christ and our incorporation in the mystical Body of Christ. Therefore, as mark McIntosh, a theologian known for his work on mystical theology, says “becoming who one most truly is takes place by means of relationships, by means of love for the other- both divine and human.” Our participation in the community is how and where we learn about ourselves, where we cease to be individuals and become persons in relation to others. It is through these relationships that we have the opportunity to know God not only in a cognitive sense, but also through an encounter with God is obtained by the “paths of charity and love.”
title: Deep Learning Algorithm for Sacroiliac Joint Evaluation: Grading with Radiographs
Creators: name: Aydingoz, Ustun
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multicentre study
subject: Cross-sectional study
subject: Retrospective
subject: Oedema
subject: Inflammation
subject: Arthritides
subject: Decision analysis
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Neural networks
subject: MR
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Computer applications
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Musculoskeletal

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Deep learning applications are becoming radiologists' favorite tools that reduce workload, give alert for emergencies and make complex calculations readily for us.Over and above they analyze images beyond human eyes. A convolutional neural network...
title: Höhere Alterserwerbsbeteiligung durch längere Erwerbsphasen
title: In jüngeren Kohorten sind mehr Menschen länger erwerbstätig als in älteren Kohorten
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Brussig, Martin
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications Online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2018

description: Auf einen Blick …
• Seit dem Jahr 2000 ist die Alterserwerbstätigenquote – der Anteil der 55- bis 64-jährigen Erwerbstätigen an der Bevölkerung in diesem Alter – beständig gestiegen. Bereits seit 2007 sind über die Hälfte der Älteren zwischen 55 und 64 Jahren erwerbstätig; 10 Jahre zuvor waren es weniger als 40 Prozent.
• Im gleichen Zeitraum sind das Erwerbsaustritts- und das Renteneintrittsalter in der Tendenz zwar auch gestiegen, aber nach wie vor deutlich von der aktuellen Regelaltersgrenze von 65 Jahren entfernt. Zudem ist das durchschnittliche Erwerbsaustrittsalter nicht stetig gestiegen, sondern entwickelte sich zuletzt sogar rückläufig.
• Ursache für die divergierende Entwicklung der Alterserwerbstätigenquote und des Erwerbsaustrittsalters ist u.a. eine besondere demographische Konstellation, die bei den üblichen Berechnungsmethoden den Anstieg der Alterserwerbstätigenquote überzeichnet und die Entwicklung des Erwerbsaustrittsalters unterschätzt.
• Auf der Grundlage der Analyse von kohortenspezifischen Erwerbsbeteiligungen lässt sich zeigen, dass der Anstieg der Alterserwerbstätigenquote in erster Linie auf eine Verlängerung des Erwerbslebens zurückgeht und in zweiter Linie auf eine höhere Erwerbsbeteiligung insbesondere von Frauen. Im Kohortenvergleich wird aber auch deutlich, dass die Erwerbsbeteiligung bei den über 62-Jährigen nur minimal angestiegen ist.
On The General Applicability of Instruction-Set Randomization
Creators: name: Boyd, Stephen W.
name: Kc, Gaurav S.
name: Locasto, Michael E.
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
name: Prevelakis, Vassilis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Computer science

description: We describe Instruction-Set Randomization (ISR), a general approach for safeguarding systems against any type of code-injection attack. We apply Kerckhoffs' principle to create OS process-specific randomized instruction sets (e.g., machine instructions) of the system executing potentially vulnerable software. An attacker who does not know the key to the randomization algorithm will inject code that is invalid for that (randomized) environment, causing a runtime exception. Our approach is applicable to machine-language programs and scripting and interpreted languages. We discuss three approaches (protection for Intel x86 executables, Perl scripts, and SQL queries), one from each of the above categories. Our goal is to demonstrate the generality and applicability of ISR as a protection mechanism. Our emulator-based prototype demonstrates the feasibility ISR for x86 executables and should be directly usable on a suitably modified processor. We demonstrate how to mitigate the significant performance impact of emulation-based ISR by using several heuristics to limit the scope of randomized (and interpreted) execution to sections of code that may be more susceptible to exploitation. The SQL prototype consists of an SQL query-randomizing proxy that protects against SQL injection attacks with no changes to database servers, minor changes to CGI scripts, and with negligible performance overhead. Similarly, the performance penalty of a randomized Perl interpreter is minimal. Where the performance impact of our proposed approach is acceptable (i.e., in an already-emulated environment, in the presence of programmable or specialized hardware, or in interpreted languages), it can serve as a broad protection mechanism and complement other security mechanisms.
title: Gaucher's disease skeletal involvement: greater bone disease extension in patients with larger splenomegaly but no correlation with quality of life
Creators: name: Gonçalves, Dâmaris
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cross-sectional study
subject: Prospective
subject: Haematologic diseases
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Haematologic
subject: Musculoskeletal
subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Musculoskeletal

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Gaucher’s disease (GD) is the most common lipidosis found worldwide, caused by a hereditary deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (or beta-glucosidase) [1,2]. The resulting accumulation of glucocerebroside in the bone marrow leads...
Fast and Practical Instruction-Set Randomization for Commodity Systems
Creators: name: Portokalidis, Georgios
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Computer science

description: Instruction-set randomization (ISR) is a technique based on randomizing the "language" understood by a system to protect it from code-injection attacks. Such attacks were used by many computer worms in the past, but still pose a threat as it was confirmed by the recent Conficker worm outbreak, and the latest exploits targeting some of Adobe's most popular products. This paper presents a fast and practical implementation of ISR that can be applied on currently deployed software. Our solution builds on a binary instrumentation tool to provide an ISR-enabled execution environment entirely in software. Applications are randomized using a simple XOR function and a 16-bit key that is randomly generated every time an application is launched. Shared libraries can be also randomized using separate keys, and their randomized versions can be used by all applications running under ISR. Moreover, we introduce a key management system to keep track of the keys used in the system. To the best of our knowledge we are the first to apply ISR on truly shared libraries. Finally, we evaluate our implementation using real applications including the Apache web server, and the MySQL database server. For the first, we show that our implementation has negligible overhead (less than 1%) for static HTML loads, while the overhead when running MySQL can be as low as 75%. We see that our system can be used with little cost with I/O intensive network applications, while it can also be a good candidate for deployment with CPU intensive applications, in scenarios where security outweighs performance.
title: Journal of student affairs, vol. VI, 1997
title: Journal of student affairs
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Journal of student affairs, vol. 6, 1997
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Colorado State University. Student Affairs In Higher Education, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Student affairs services -- United States -- Periodicals
subject: Student affairs administrators -- Training of -- Colorado -- Fort Collins -- Periodicals

description: The mission of the Colorado State University Journal of Student Affairs is to develop and produce a scholarly publication that reflects current national and international education issues and the professional interests of student affairs practitioners. Specifically, the Journal provides an opportunity for the publication of articles by current students, alumni, faculty, and associates of the Student Affairs in Higher Education graduate program at Colorado State University. Articles are submitted in the fall and the Journal is published mid-spring. https://sahe.colostate.edu/journal/journal-board-archives/.
description: Themes of the first five years: a qualitative analysis of the Colordo State University Journal of Student Affairs / Sharon K. Anderson and James H. Banning -- Technology and privacy in conflict: an analysis of students' rights / Ray Gasser and Debra Harding -- Views from the student affairs' bleachers: academics, financial assistance, and Title IX Legislation in intercollegiate athletics / Mark S. Denke -- The role of the university in the development of student values: a historical and legal perspective / Jennifer A. Hamilton and Jocelyn Lowry -- Shifting focus from self to other: a comparison of development theories / Kristin M. Anderson -- A service learning approach to leadership development / Kris Binard -- How much due process is due? / De Etta M. Jones and Allison Carroll -- Punished by Rewards: the Trouble With Gold Stars, Incentive Plans, A's, Praise, and Other Bribes / review by David A. McKelfresh.
Delivering Sustainable Infrastructure that Supports the Urban Built Environment
Creators: name: Boyle, Carol
name: Mudd, Gavin
name: Mihelcic, James R.
name: Anastas, Paul
name: Collins, Terry
name: Culligan, Patricia J.
name: Edwards, Marc
name: Gabe, Jeremy
name: Gallagher, Patricia
name: Handy, Susan
name: Kao, Jehng-Jung
name: Krumdieck, Susan
name: Lyles, Lionel D.
name: Mason, Ian
name: Mcdowall, Ron
name: Pearce, Annie
name: Riedy, Chris
name: Russell, John
name: Schnoor, Jerald L.
name: Trotz, Maya
name: Venables, Roger
name: Zimmerman, Julie B.
name: Fuchs, Valerie
name: Miller, Sarah
name: Page, Shannon
name: Reeder-Emery, Karen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Environmental sciences
Sustainability
City planning

description: Over 50% of the global population now lives in urban areas. Over the past century, urban areas have expanded at a
greater rate than population growth, increasing requirements
for resources and producing greater impacts on the natural
environment. Urban societies have also changed, with a
greater diversity of cultures, high population densities, and
rising demand for services, resulting in an increasing
complexity of human urban systems. Urban systems influence
and are influenced by infrastructure systems, which
affect the design and management of the built, social, and
natural environments, including future infrastructure decisions.
title: CT-based diagnosis of pulmonary artery sarcomas: comparison with surgical histopathology
Creators: name: Vancheri, Sergio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Retrospective
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Pulmonary vessels
subject: Lung
subject: Cardiac
subject: Chest
subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Chest

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Pulmonary artery sarcomas (PAS) are rare and aggressive malignancies that cause pulmonary hypertension, cardiac failure and death ( 1 ). Since it was identified for the first time in 1923 ( 2 ), approximately 300 cases of PAS were described in the...
Type-Based Detection of XML Query-Update Independence
Creators: name: Bidoit-Tollu, Nicole
name: Colazzo, Dario
name: Ulliana, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a novel static analysis technique to detect XML query-update independence, in the presence of a schema. Rather than types, our system infers chains of types. Each chain represents a path that can be traversed on a valid document during query/update evaluation. The resulting independence analysis is precise, although it raises a challenging issue: recursive schemas may lead to infer infinitely many chains. A sound and complete approximation technique ensuring a finite analysis in any case is presented, together with an efficient implementation performing the chain-based analysis in polynomial space and time.
description: VLDB2012
Topological currents in dense matter
Creators: name: Charbonneau, Arthur James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis introduces the idea of a topological current that flows in regions with large magnetic fields, dense matter, and parity violation. We propose that such a current exists in the cores of neutron stars and may be responsible for the large proper motion (kicks) observed in some pulsars. This current is similar to the charge separation effect and chiral magnetic effect that may be responsible for parity (℘) and charge conjugation-parity (C℘) violation observed at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). We start by deriving the topological current two ways. The first is a macroscopic derivation where we appeal to an anomaly induced by the presence of a fictitious axial field. The second method is microscopic, in which we consider how the modes of the Dirac equation in a magnetic field and chemical potential contribute to the current. We then discuss in great detail the elements necessary for a topological current to exist in a dense star. Our concern then rests with calculating the magnitude of topological currents in the many phases of matter thought to exist in dense stars. We choose four representative processes to investigate: nuclear matter, hyperons, kaon condensates, and strange quark matter. We then suppose that this current may somehow transfer its momentum out of the star, either by being physically ejected or by emitting radiation, causing a kick. We also discuss how the current may induce magnetic helicity and a toroidal magnetic field in the core of the star. We end by discussing the topological current in terms of the AdS/CFT correspondence, a powerful tool that allows one to obtain results from strongly coupled field theories by transferring the problem to the language of a weakly coupled gravitational theory. We introduce a toy model to how one might introduce topological currents into the AdS/CFT framework.
title: Comparison of CT Perfusion and Coronary CT Angiography for the Detection of Obstructive CAD in Patients with Previous Stent Implantation – a Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Creators: name: kim, Su hwan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cost-effectiveness
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Cardiac
subject: Not applicable
subject: Cardiac

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Coronary CT angiography (CTA) is a diagnostic modality commonly used to detect obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) [1–3]. However, CTA has been shown to have limited performance in patients with coronary stents, mainly due to metal artifacts...
A novel analysis space for pointer analysis and its application for bug finding
Creators: name: Buss, Marcio
name: Brand, Daniel
name: Sreedhar, Vugranam
name: Edwards, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Computer science

description: The size of today’s programs continues to grow, as does the number of bugs they contain. Testing alone is rarely able to flush out all bugs, and many lurk in difficult-to-test corner cases. An important alternative is static analysis, in which correctness properties of a program are checked without running it. While it cannot catch all errors, static analysis can catch many subtle problems that testing would miss. We propose a new space of abstractions for pointer analysis—an important component of static analysis for C and similar languages. We identify two main components of any abstraction—how to model statement order and how to model conditionals, then present a new model of programs that enables us to explore different abstractions in this space. Our assign-fetch graph represents reads and writes to memory instead of traditional points-to relations and leads to concise function summaries that can be used in any context. Its flexibility supports many new analysis techniques with different trade-offs between precision and speed. We present the details of our abstraction space, explain where existing algorithms fit, describe a variety of new analysis algorithms based on our assign-fetch graphs, and finally present experimental results that show our flow-aware abstraction for statement ordering both runs faster and produces more precise results than traditional flow-insensitive analysis.
Nucleon structure including high Fock states in AdS/QCD
Creators: name: Gutsche, Thomas
name: Lyubovitskij, Valery E.
name: Schmidt, Ivan
name: Vega, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of nucleon electromagnetic and axial form factors in a holographic soft-wall model. This approach is based on an action which describes hadrons with broken conformal invariance and incorporates confinement through the presence of a background dilaton field.For Nc=3 we describe the nucleon structure in a superposition of a three valence quark state with high Fock states including an adjustable number of partons (quarks, antiquarks and gluons) via studying the dynamics of 5D fermion fields of different scaling dimension in anti-de Sitter (ADS) space. According to the gauge/gravity duality the 5D fermion fields of different scaling dimension correspond to the Fock state components with a specific number of partons. In the present application we restrict to the contribution of 3, 4 and 5 parton components in the nucleon Fock state. With a minimal number of free parameters (dilaton scale parameter, mixing parameters of partial contributions of Fock states, coupling constants in the effective Lagrangian) we achieve a reasonable agreement with data for the nucleon form factors.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures
title: Anhaltende Ungleichheiten in der Erwerbsbeteiligung Älterer; Zunahme an Teilzeitbeschäftigung
title: Inzwischen steigt auch die Erwerbsbeteiligung im Rentenalter
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Brussig, Martin
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications Online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2018

description: Auf einen Blick …
• Trotz der rasanten Zunahme der Alterserwerbsbeteiligung sind die wesentlichen Strukturmerkmale der Alterserwerbstätigkeit weitgehend unverändert: Die Erwerbstätigenquote ist unter älteren Geringqualifizierten nur etwa halb so hoch wie unter Hochqualifizierten. Sie ist nach wie vor unter Männern deutlich höher als unter Frauen und in Westdeutschland höher als in Ostdeutschland.
• Die steigende Alterserwerbsbeteiligung ging mit einer zunehmenden Verbreitung von Teilzeitarbeit und geringfügiger Beschäftigung für Ältere einher, die bereits in den 1990er Jahren einsetzte. In einigen Gruppen des Arbeitsmarktes (westdeutsche Frauen, aber auch Niedrigqualifizierte) arbeitet inzwischen nur etwa die Hälfte der erwerbstätigen Älteren zwischen 55 und 64 Jahren in Vollzeit.
• Eine Zunahme der Erwerbstätigkeit in Verbindung mit Transferleistungsbezug (Arbeitslosengeld, Arbeitslosen- und Sozialhilfe sowie Rente) bei den 55- bis 64-Jährigen ist vor allem für das Ende der 1990er Jahre festzustellen; die Zunahme der Alterserwerbsbeteiligung nach 2001 lässt sich damit nicht erklären.
• Erwerbstätigkeit im Rentenalter beginnt sich zu verbreiten. In einzelnen Gruppen, wie bei den Hochqualifizierten, aber auch unter Männern in Westdeutschland, waren bereits im Jahr 2007 zwischen 10 und 15 Prozent der Betreffenden erwerbstätig.
• Die Befunde deuten auf einen beträchtlichen Umfang von Teilzeitbeschäftigung am Ende des Erwerbslebens. Die Möglichkeiten zur Teilzeitarbeit im Alter sollten weiter entwickelt werden, um Lücken in der Alterssicherung aufgrund der reduzierten Arbeitszeit zu vermeiden.
Consistent Output Series for the Antebellum and Postbellum Periods: Issues and Preliminary Results
Creators: name: Calomiris, Charles W.
name: Hanes, Christopher
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1994
Subjects: Economic history
History

description: Existing output series that cover both the antebellum and postbellum periods are inconsistent and unsuitable for comparing cyclical patterns across the nineteenth century. More consistent data show that output in cyclically sensitive sectors was no less, and probably more, volatile before the War Between the States than after it.
title: Use of Ethanol in the Trans-Arterial Lipiodol Embolization (TAELE) of Intermediated-Stage HCC: Is This Safer than Conventional Trans-Arterial Chemo-Embolization (c-TACE)?
Creators: name: D'Acierno, ludovica
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Retrospective
subject: Metastases
subject: Cancer
subject: Embolisation
subject: Chemoembolisation
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Oncology
subject: Liver
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Interventional Radiology

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary malignant tumor of the liver affecting more than 600,000 new patients per year [1], the first cause of death among cirrhotic patients. Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) guidelines [2], endorsed by the...
Deep Learning-Based Tracking of Multiple Objects in the Context of Farm Animal Ethology
Creators: name: Ali, R.
name: Dorozynski, M.
name: Stracke, J.
name: Mehltretter, M.
Publisher: name: Katlenburg-Lindau : Copernicus Publications
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Animal Science
subject: Image Sequence Analysis
subject: Multi-Object Tracking
subject: Poultry Tracking
subject: Tracktor
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Automatic detection and tracking of individual animals is important to enhance their welfare and to improve our understanding of their behaviour. Due to methodological difficulties, especially in the context of poultry tracking, it is a challenging task to automatically recognise and track individual animals. Those difficulties can be, for example, the similarity of animals of the same species which makes distinguishing between them harder, or sudden changes in their body shape which may happen due to putting on or spreading out the wings in a very short period of time. In this paper, an automatic poultry tracking algorithm is proposed. This algorithm is based on the well-known tracktor approach and tackles multi-object tracking by exploiting the regression head of the Faster R-CNN model to perform temporal realignment of object bounding boxes. Additionally, we use a multi-scale re-identification model to improve the re-association of the detected animals. For evaluating the performance of the proposed method in this study, a novel dataset consisting of seven image sequences that show chicks in an average pen farm in different stages of growth is used.
The Occupy Wall Street Movement: Not a Moment Too Soon
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: It is not yet entirely clear what the specific goals or demands of the Occupy Wall Street movement are, but that is neither a fair nor reasonable question to ask of a movement that appears to be, to a large degree, organic and genuine. The Occupy Wall Street movement appears to be a legitimate expression of the anger and frustration that many ordinary Americans have felt towards the leaders of the banking and finance sector, and the good treatment they have received from the federal government, despite driving the economy into the ground, causing millions to lose their homes, savings or jobs.
Attractor Solutions in Tachyacoustic Cosmology
Creators: name: Bessada, Dennis
name: Kinney, William H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical stability of "tachyacoustic" cosmological models, in which primordial perturbations are generated by a shrinking sound horizon during a period of decelerating expansion. Such models represent a potential alternative to inflationary cosmology, but the phase-space behavior of tachyacoustic solutions has not previously been investigated. We numerically evaluate the dynamics of two non-canonical Lagrangians, a cuscuton-like Lagrangian and a Dirac-Born-Infeld Lagrangian, which generate a scale-invariant spectrum of perturbations. We show that the power-law background solutions in both cases are dynamical attractors.
description: Some references and comments added. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Is Anybody Really Shocked by Rick Perry's Hunting Camp Controversy?
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: One of the most intriguing questions surrounding the word painted on a rock in Texas Governor Rick Perry's hunting camp is not whether or not the rock was painted over, or even whether or not the governor is a racist, but why the tone of so much of the media coverage of this story is one of such great, perhaps even genuine, surprise. Is anybody really shocked that a right wing governor who has never sought or received African American support, almost never sincerely said or done anything to suggest that racial equality is important to him and who has closely aligned himself with a movement whose members have frequently crossed over into overt racism, has a disturbingly high comfort level with racist words?
Learning to Sieve: Prediction of Grading Curves from Images of Concrete Aggregate
Creators: name: Coenen, M.
name: Beyer, D.
name: Heipke, C.
name: Haist, M.
Publisher: name: Katlenburg-Lindau : Copernicus Publications
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Automation in construction
subject: Concrete aggregate
subject: Deep learning
subject: Granulometry
subject: Particle size distribution
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: A large component of the building material concrete consists of aggregate with varying particle sizes between 0.125 and 32 mm. Its actual size distribution significantly affects the quality characteristics of the final concrete in both, the fresh and hardened states. The usually unknown variations in the size distribution of the aggregate particles, which can be large especially when using recycled aggregate materials, are typically compensated by an increased usage of cement which, however, has severe negative impacts on economical and ecological aspects of the concrete production. In order to allow a precise control of the target properties of the concrete, unknown variations in the size distribution have to be quantified to enable a proper adaptation of the concrete's mixture design in real time. To this end, this paper proposes a deep learning based method for the determination of concrete aggregate grading curves. In this context, we propose a network architecture applying multi-scale feature extraction modules in order to handle the strongly diverse object sizes of the particles. Furthermore, we propose and publish a novel dataset of concrete aggregate used for the quantitative evaluation of our method.
title: An Investigation into the Hydration and Growth of Ice on Metal Surfaces
Creators: name: Mistry, Kallum
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: Up to now, our picture of what a flat surface looks like has been dominated by the assumption that it is atomically smooth, containing an ordered array of regularly spaced atoms. However, in most real-life cases, metal surfaces will never be entirely flat, they will contain surface defects, such as steps, and more reactive open-faced terraces. Regardless of this, the majority of studies consider such defects to be a part of the background, and therefore little is known about how water interacts at these sites, and whether they play an important role in processes such as water dissociation. In more recent years, close examination of surfaces and their structure using Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy (STM) has shown this to be the case, revealing that the surfaces will inevitably contain some form of surface roughening on the atomic scale, known as defects. Understanding how these defect sites influence the behaviour of water is important for catalysis, and existing technologies that use water as a renewable resource. In this thesis, we will investigate various metal faces using Temperature Programmed Desorption (TPD), low-current Low Energy Electron Diffraction and Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy to help develop our understanding of how different open and stepped metal surfaces can influence the behaviour of water compared to surfaces that are considered to be flat, or more inert. As well as this, we will discuss the idea of how different step sites, whether ordered or disordered can influence the composition and structure of water on a stepped surface compared to other metal-water systems reported previously.
title: Can T2-weighted Dixon fat-only images replace T1-weighted images in degenerative disc disease with Modic changes on lumbar spine MRI?
Creators: name: YANG, Sisi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multicentre study
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Retrospective
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Observer performance
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Musculoskeletal

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic performance and inter-observer agreement of an alternative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol including only sagittal T2-weighted Dixon fat and water sequences versus a standard protocol including sagittal...
title: Stepping up: supporting senior trainees to report independently
Creators: name: Chambers, Greg
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Observational
subject: Prospective
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Education and training
subject: Ablation procedures
subject: MR
subject: Oncology
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Genitourinary
subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Genitourinary

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Throughout their medical careers, doctors face frequent transitions, most of which are multiple and multidimensional. 1 Across all medical and surgical specialities the step-up from being a senior specialist registrar to a Consultant has been...
Compressibility of rotating black holes
Creators: name: Dolan, Brian P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interpreting the cosmological constant as a pressure, whose thermodynamically conjugate variable is a volume, modifies the first law of black hole thermodynamics. Properties of the resulting thermodynamic volume are investigated: the compressibility and the speed of sound of the black hole are derived in the case of non-positive cosmological constant. The adiabatic compressibility vanishes for a non-rotating black hole and is maximal in the extremal case --- comparable with, but still less than, that of a cold neutron star. A speed of sound $v_s$ is associated with the adiabatic compressibility, which is is equal to $c$ for a non-rotating black hole and decreases as the angular momentum is increased. An extremal black hole has $v_s^2=0.9 \,c^2$ when the cosmological constant vanishes, and more generally $v_s$ is bounded below by $c/ {\sqrt 2}$.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, uses revtex4, references added in v2
Herman Cain and the Tea Party Legacy
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: In some respects, the main theme of the Republican primary has been the ascendancy and failure of various candidates seeking to represent the right wing against the more moderate frontrunner Mitt Romney. This raises the question of why no serious, experienced right-wing conservative has entered the race. There are a numerous right-wing Republican senators who, had they entered the race in earnest two years ago, would have had an easy time against the current weak field of conservative candidates, and would, along with Romney, be the frontrunner for the nomination. The role of the Tea Party is part of the answer to this question.
Veränderungen der Farbwirkung von präfabrizierten, konfektionierten Veneers (Componeers®) durch die unterschiedlichen Schichtstärken des Befestigungskomposits : (eine in-vitro-Studie)
Creators: name: Krause, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Ziel der in-vitro-Studie war es, Veränderungen der Farbwirkung von präfabrizierten Veneers der Firma Coltene Whaledent (Componeers®) durch die unterschiedlichen Schichtstärken des Befestigungskomposits zu untersuchen. Nachgegangen werden sollte dabei der Hypothese, dass die Kompositfarben und deren Schichtstärken einen entscheidenen Einfuss auf die zu erzielende Zahnfarbe haben. Die Versuche wurden mit zwei Probekörpern in den Vita-classical Farben A4 und C2 und in jeweils zwei Schichtstärken (0,3 mm und 1,0 mm) nach standardisierten Vorgaben durchgeführt und in 40 Fallbeispielen im Vita-3D-Master und im Vita-classical-Farbsystem mit ihren jeweiligen Einzelparametern gemessen und mit 66 000 Werten tabellarisch erfasst. Nach dem Vergleich der fur die Farbsysteme errechneten Mittelwerte ergab sich die Schlussfolgerung, in der nachfolgenden Auswertung das Vita- classical-Farbsystem zu favorisieren. Im Ergebnis der Untersuchungen wurde deutlich, dass die Farbunterschiede der Probekörper einen primären Einfuss auf die erzielte Zahnfarbe haben.
description: The purpose of this in-vitro study has been the analysation of how the layer thickness of a fxing composite is infuencing the colour effect of the prefabricated veneers by Coltene Whaledent(Componeers®). The hypothesis implies that the shades of the composites and their layer thickness have a crucial infuence on the obtained tooth shade. In the analysis, two test specimens were used by differing in the tooth shade Vita-classical A4 and Vita-classical C2 and by two different layer thicknesses (0.3 mm and 1.0 mm). In 40 standardized case studies, 66.000 default parameters of the Vita-classical shade guide and the Vita-3D-Master shade guide were gathered and tabularly recorded. By comparing the avarage values of the two colour systems, the conclusion was to favorite the Vita-classical shade guide. The results of the analysis show that the differences in the colour shade of the two test specimens are the primary influence in the resulting tooth shade.
title: Computer-Aided Diagnosis parameters and Ultrasound Elastography Strain ratio of Invasive Breast Cancer and DCIS: Correlation with Pathologic Immunohistochemical markers.
Creators: name: Jeong, Jinho
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Retrospective
subject: Cancer
subject: CAD
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CAD
subject: Computer applications
subject: Breast

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Invasive breast cancer has various pathologic immunohistochemical markers which present different clinical course and prognosis. Even in the same subtype breast cancer shows various outcomes because of the different level of biomarkers expression....
Efficienza energetica e costruzione sostenibile: la formazione degli operatori
Creators: name: Carapella, Giovanni
name: Martino, Rossella
name: Pede, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: energy
building
training
certification
qualification

description: Final report of the BUILD UP Skills project I-TOWN IEE/13/BWI/721/S12.680178