cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Same Land, Different Life? Questioning Narratives Surrounding China’s State-Led Rural Urbanization
Creators: name: Heger, Isabel
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: China
subject: state-led rural urbanization
subject: narratives
subject: landless peasants
subject: Huaming Model Town
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: “Same land, different life”: Under this slogan, Huaming, a model town in the suburban Dongli District of the municipality of Tianjin, China’s fifth-largest city, was presented at the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai as a successful example of China’s rural urbanization. The slogan was meant to express that the peasants who had to give up their land in the process of urbanization and relocate to Huaming were leading better lives than before. This is in line with the official portrayal of government-engineered urbanization projects all across the country. However, Western journalism and most of academia are painting quite the opposite picture, commonly describing a deterioration of people’s lives due to numerous problems. As can be seen from the case of Huaming, there are contradictory narratives surrounding the consequences that China’s state-led urbanization is supposed to have for landless peasants. A narrative essentially is a series of nonrandomly connected events that has been constructed to provide meaning—whether it appears in propaganda, the media, academic discourse, or personal life stories and everyday accounts. Thus, narratives play an important role for both world-making and self-making. The goal of this article is to critically examine competing narratives surrounding China’s state-led urbanization and put them in perspective by adopting a “view from below,” i.e., by including landless peasants’ own stories in the equation. These findings not only allow us to more thoroughly discuss China’s urbanization policy and its impact on the people, but also prompt us to more consciously reflect on our potential preconceptions. In this article, I first provide an overview of the background and general discourses surrounding China’s state-led rural urbanization. Then, Huaming is introduced as a case study that illustrates the construction of divergent narratives. Finally, I critically question these narratives by drawing on data from seven months of ethnographic fieldwork among Huaming’s landless peasants.
Twisted cuprate van der Waals heterostructures with controlled Josephson coupling
Creators: name: Martini, Mickey
name: Lee, Yejin
name: Confalone, Tommaso
name: Shokri, Sanaz
name: Saggau, Christian N.
name: Wolf, Daniel
name: Gu, Genda
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Montemurro, Domenico
name: Vinokur, Valerii M.
name: Nielsch, Kornelius
name: Poccia, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Twisted van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures offer a unique platform for engineering the efficient Josephson coupling between cuprate thin crystals harboring the nodal superconducting order parameter. Preparing vdW heterostructures-based Josephson junction comprising stacked cuprates requires maintaining an ordered interface with preserved surface superconductivity. Here, we report the preparation of the Josephson junction out of the stacked Bi2Sr2CuCa2O8+d crystals using the cryogenic dry transfer technique and encapsulating the junction with an insulating layer, that protects the interface during the electrical contacts evaporation at the 10-6 mbar base pressure. We find that the Josephson critical current Ic has a maximum at low twist angles, comparable to that of the bulk intrinsic Josephson junctions, and is reduced by two orders of magnitude at twist angles close to 45°. The reduction of Ic occurs due to a mismatch between superconducting d-wave order parameters, which suppresses the direct Cooper pair tunneling.
Multi-ensemble metrology by programming local rotations with atom movements
Creators: name: Shaw, Adam L.
name: Finkelstein, Ran
name: Tsai, Richard Bing-Shiun
name: Scholl, Pascal
name: Yoon, Tai Hyun
name: Choi, Joonhee
name: Endres, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current optical atomic clocks do not utilize their resources optimally. In particular, an exponential gain in sensitivity could be achieved if multiple atomic ensembles were to be controlled or read-out individually, even without entanglement. However, controlling optical transitions locally remains an outstanding challenge for neutral atom based clocks and quantum computing platforms. Here we show arbitrary, single-site addressing for an optical transition via sub-wavelength controlled moves of tweezer-trapped atoms, which we perform with $99.84(5)\%$ fidelity and with $0.1(2)\%$ crosstalk to non-addressed atoms. The scheme is highly robust as it relies only on relative position changes of tweezers and requires no additional addressing beams. Using this technique, we implement single-shot, dual-quadrature readout of Ramsey interferometry using two atomic ensembles simultaneously, and show an enhancement of the usable interrogation time at a given phase-slip error probability. Finally, we program a sequence which performs local dynamical decoupling during Ramsey evolution to evolve three ensembles with variable phase sensitivities, a key ingredient of optimal clock interrogation. Our results demonstrate the potential of fully programmable quantum optical clocks even without entanglement and could be combined with metrologically useful entangled states in the future.
description: ALS and RF contributed equally
Quorum-sensing active particles with discontinuous motility
Creators: name: Fischer, Andreas
name: Schmid, Friederike
name: Speck, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a dynamic mean-field theory for polar active particles that interact through a self-generated field, in particular one generated through emitting a chemical signal. While being a form of chemotactic response, it is different from conventional chemotaxis in that particles discontinuously change their motility when the local concentration surpasses a threshold. The resulting coupled equations for density and polarization are linear and can be solved analytically for simple geometries, yielding inhomogeneous density profiles. Specifically, here we consider a planar and circular interface. Our theory thus explains the observed coexistence of dense aggregates with an active gas. There are, however, differences to the more conventional picture of liquid-gas coexistence based on a free energy, most notably the absence of a critical point. We corroborate our analytical predictions by numerical simulations of active particles under confinement and interacting through volume exclusion. Excellent quantitative agreement is reached through an effective translational diffusion coefficient. We finally show that an additional response to the chemical gradient direction is sufficient to induce vortex clusters. Our results pave the way to engineer motility responses in order to achieve aggregation and collective behavior even at unfavorable conditions.
Iridomyrmex anderseni Shattuck, 1993 b: 1310
Creators: name: Heterick, Brian E.
name: Shattuck, Steve
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Iridomyrmex
Iridomyrmex anderseni

description: Iridomyrmex anderseni Shattuck
(Figs 11, 87, 88)
 Iridomyrmex anderseni Shattuck, 1993b: 1310, figs 22, 23, 38.
 Types. Holotype worker from Olympic Dam, South Australia (ANIC, ANIC32-000063, examined).
  Worker Description. Head.  Posterior margin of head weakly concave; erect setae on posterior margin in fullface view set in a row; sides of head noticeably convex; erect genal setae present on sides of head in full-face view. Ocelli absent; in full-face view, eyes set above midpoint of head capsule; in profile, eye set anteriad of head capsule; eye asymmetrical, curvature of inner eye margin more pronounced than that of its outer margin. Frontal carinae concave; antennal scape failing to attain posterior margin of head. Erect setae on scape absent, except at tip; prominence on anteromedial clypeal margin present as an indistinct swelling or undulation; mandible regularly triangular with oblique basal margin; long, curved setae on venter of head capsule present. Mesosoma. Pronotum strongly inclined anteriorly. Erect pronotal setae lacking or very minute (one or two tiny setae may be present). Mesonotum straight. Erect mesonotal setae lacking or very minute (one or two tiny setae present). Mesothoracic spiracles always prominent as small, vertical protuberances; propodeal dorsum protuberant; placement of propodeal spiracle posteriad and near propodeal declivity; propodeal angle present as a bluntly defined right angle, the dorsal and declivitous propodeal faces never separated by a carina. Erect propodeal setae sparse to absent. Petiole. Dorsum of node planar; node thin, scale-like, orientation more-or-less vertical. Gaster. Non-marginal erect setae of gaster absent on first gastral tergite; marginal erect setae of gaster absent on first tergite. General characters. Allometric differences between workers of same nest absent. Colour head, mesonotum propodeum and legs reddish brown, pronotum orange, gaster dark chocolate.
 Measurements. Worker (n = 1) — CI 95; EI 24; EL 0.32; EW 0.18; HL 1.40; HW 1.33; ML 0.55; PpH 0.23; PpL 0.75; SI 77; SL 1.03.
 Comments. This medium-sized member of the I. viridigaster complex is known only from the holotype from inland South Australia. The characters separating this form from I. viridigaster are weak, and more material is needed to confirm that it is a bona fide species. The taxon is discussed in Shattuck (1993b).
description: Published as part of Heterick, Brian E. & Shattuck, Steve, 2011, Revision of the ant genus Iridomyrmex (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) 2845, pp. 1-174 in Zootaxa 2845 (1) on pages 43-44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2845.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5287811
Self-consistent theory of current and voltage noise in multimode ballistic conductors
Creators: name: Bulashenko, O. M.
name: Rubi, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron transport in a self-consistent potential along a ballistic two-terminal conductor has been investigated. We have derived general formulas which describe the nonlinear current-voltage characteristics, differential conductance, and low-frequency current and voltage noise assuming an arbitrary distribution function and correlation properties of injected electrons. The analytical results have been obtained for a wide range of biases: from equilibrium to high values beyond the linear-response regime. The particular case of a three-dimensional Fermi-Dirac injection has been analyzed. We show that the Coulomb correlations are manifested in the negative excess voltage noise, i.e., the voltage fluctuations under high-field transport conditions can be less than in equilibrium.
description: 16 pages, 10 figs; minor corrections
Surface Effects in Magnetic Microtraps
Creators: name: Fortagh, J.
name: Ott, H.
name: Kraft, S.
name: Zimmermann, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated Bose-Einstein condensates and ultra cold atoms in the vicinity of a surface of a magnetic microtrap. The atoms are prepared along copper conductors at distances to the surface between 300 um and 20 um. In this range, the lifetime decreases from 20 s to 0.7 s showing a linear dependence on the distance to the surface. The atoms manifest a weak thermal coupling to the surface, with measured heating rates remaining below 500 nK/s. In addition, we observe a periodic fragmentation of the condensate and thermal clouds when the surface is approached.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures; v2: corrected references; v3: final version
The Three-Point Correlation Function in Cosmology
Creators: name: Takada, Masahiro
name: Jain, Bhuvnesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the advent of high-quality surveys in cosmology the full three-point correlation function will be a valuable statistic for describing structure formation models. It contains information on cosmological parameters and detailed halo properties that cannot be extracted from the two-point correlation function. We use the halo clustering model to analytically calculate the three-point correlation function (3PCF) for general cosmological fields. We present detailed results for the configuration dependence of the 3-dimensional mass and galaxy distributions and the 2-dimensional cosmic shear field. We work in real space, where higher order correlation functions on small scales are easier to measure and interpret, but halo model calculations get rapidly intractable. Hence we develop techniques for accurate evaluations of the 1, 2 and 3-halo contributions to the 3PCF. The 3PCF violates the hierarchical ansatz in both its scale and configuration dependence. We study the behavior of the coefficient Q in the hierarchical expansion from large, quasilinear scales down to about 20 kpc. We find that the nonlinear 3PCF is sensitive to the halo profile of massive halos, especially its inner slope. We model the distribution of galaxies in halos and show that the 3PCF of red galaxies has a weaker configuration and scale dependence than the mass, while for blue galaxies it is very sensitive to the parameters of the galaxy formation model. The 3PCF from weak lensing on the other hand shows different scalings due to projection effects and a sensitivity to cosmological parameters.
description: 30 pages, 23 figures, matches final version (minor changes) to appear in MNRAS
World Sugar Price Volatility Intensified by Market and Policy Factors
Creators: name: McConnell, Michael
name: Dohlman, Erik
name: Haley, Stephen L.
name: McConnell, Michael
name: Dohlman, Erik
name: Haley, Stephen L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis

description: Rising pressure on sugar prices was intensified by supply disruptions in 2009, driving prices to double the long-term average. Higher production costs and growing ethanol use in Brazil set the stage for higher prices, but policy-induced production swings among Asian countries are the main source of price volatility in world markets. Although dramatic fluctuations in world prices have affected U.S. sugar prices, domestic sugar policy continues to drive U.S. sugar price movements.
MOESM7 of Pitching stability of diving seabirds during underwater locomotion: a comparison among alcids and a penguin
Creators: name: Noda, Takuji
name: Kikuchi, Dale
name: Takahashi, Akinori
name: Mitamura, Hiromichi
name: Arai, Nobuaki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 7: Table S5. Summary table of pairwise test for overall angular velocity and dynamic acceleration among three species. Games Howell test applied to the angular velocity RMS and dynamic acceleration RMS obtained from the entire descents of ADPE, BRGU, and RHAU.
Microstructure and Structural Defects in MgB2 Superconductor
Creators: name: Zhu, Y.
name: Wu, L.
name: Volkov, V.
name: Li, Q.
name: Gu, G.
name: Moodenbaugh, A. R.
name: Malac, M.
name: Suenaga, M.
name: Tranquada, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a detailed study of the microstructure and defects in sintered polycrystalline MgB2. Both TEM and x-ray data reveal that MgO is the major second-phase in our bulk samples. Although MgB2 and MgO have different crystal symmetries, being P6/mmm and Fm-3m, respectively, their stacking sequence of Mg and B (or O) and lattice spacings in certain crystallographic orientations are very similar. The size of MgO varies from 10~500nm, and its mismatch with the MgB2 matrix can be a source for dislocations. Dislocations in MgB2 often have a Burgers vector of <100>. 1/3<1-10> and 1/3<210> partial dislocations and their associated stacking faults were also observed. Since both dislocations and stacking faults are located in the (001) basal plane, flux pinning anisotropy is expected. Diffuse scattering analysis suggests that the correlation length along the c-axis for defect-free basal planes is about 50nm. (001) twist grain-boundaries, formed by rotations along the c-axis, are major grain boundaries in MgB2 as a result of the out-of-plane weak bonding between Mg and B atoms. An excess of Mg was observed in some grain boundaries. High-resolution nano-probe EELS reveals that there is a difference in near edge structure of the boron K-edge acquired from grain boundaries and grain interiors. The change at the edge threshold may be suggestive of variation of the hole concentration that would significantly alter boundary superconductivity.
description: 20 pages and 12 figures
MOESM3 of Pitching stability of diving seabirds during underwater locomotion: a comparison among alcids and a penguin
Creators: name: Noda, Takuji
name: Kikuchi, Dale
name: Takahashi, Akinori
name: Mitamura, Hiromichi
name: Arai, Nobuaki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Summary table of ordinary least square regression (OLS) analysis. OLS regression analysis was applied between each of the angular velocity RMS and dynamic acceleration RMS obtained at a given depth (5 m and 10 m) and max dive depth in each dive for ADPE, BRGU, and RHAU.
Propagation properties and stability of dark solitons in weakly interacting Bose-Bose droplets
Creators: name: Kopyciński, Jakub
name: Tüzemen, Buğra
name: Górecki, Wojciech
name: Pawłowski, Krzysztof
name: Łebek, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate dark solitons in two-component Bose systems with competing interactions in one dimension. Such a system hosts a liquid phase stabilized by the beyond-mean field corrections. Using the generalized Gross-Pitaevskii equation, we reveal the presence of two families of solitonic solutions. The solitons in both of them can be engineered to be arbitrarily wide. One family of solutions, however, has got an anomalous dispersion relation and our analyses show one of its branches is unstable. We find the presence of a critical velocity demarcating the stable from unstable solutions. Nonetheless, grey anomalous solitons are able to exist inside quantum droplets and can be treated as solitonic excitations thereof.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
MOESM4 of Pitching stability of diving seabirds during underwater locomotion: a comparison among alcids and a penguin
Creators: name: Noda, Takuji
name: Kikuchi, Dale
name: Takahashi, Akinori
name: Mitamura, Hiromichi
name: Arai, Nobuaki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S3. Summary statistics of the GAMM model (Trial 1). Summary statistics of the GAMM model (Trial 1) fitted to the angular velocity RMS via the ‘mgcv’ package [34]. The effects of nonlinear term, indicated by s(), are shown in Additional file 5.
General Distributions of Number Representation Elements
Creators: name: Balado, Félix
name: Silvestre, Guénolé C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E05, 11A63, 11A55

description: We provide general expressions for the joint distributions of the $k$ most significant $b$-ary digits and of the $k$ leading continued fraction coefficients of outcomes of an arbitrary continuous random variable. Our analysis highlights the connections between the two problems. In particular, we give the general convergence law of the distribution of the $j$-th significant digit, which is the counterpart of the general convergence law of the distribution of the $j$-th continued fraction coefficient (Gauss-Kuz'min law). We also particularise our general results for Benford and Pareto random variables. The former particularisation allows us to show the central role played by Benford variables in the asymptotics of the general expressions, among other results. The particularisation for Pareto variables -- which include Benford variables as a special case -- is specially relevant in the context of pervasive scale-invariant phenomena, where Pareto variables occur much more frequently than Benford variables. This suggests that the Pareto expressions that we produce have wider applicability than their Benford counterparts in modelling most significant digits and leading continued fraction coefficients of real data. Our results may find practical application in all areas where Benford's law has been previously used.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures
U.S. Farm Structure: Declining—But Persistent—Small Commercial Farms
Creators: name: Hoppe, Robert A.
name: Hoppe, Robert A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Farm Management

description: The continuing shift in production away from small commercial farms to larger farms is driven by financial pressures and aging operators. Some small commercial farms are profitable, while others stay in business by accepting low returns for their labor. Small commercial farms produced 22 percent of the Nation’s farm output in 2007.
Enhancement of spin mixing conductance in La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$MnO$_{3}$/LaNiO$_{3}$/SrRuO$_{3}$ heterostructures
Creators: name: Hauser, Christoph
name: Ballani, Camillo
name: Dürrenfeld, Philipp
name: Heyroth, Frank
name: Trempler, Philip
name: Ebbinghaus, Stefan G.
name: Papaioannou, Evangelos Th.
name: Schmidt, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate spin pumping and the effective spin mixing conductance in heterostructures based on magnetic oxide trilayers composed of La$_{0.7}$Sr$_{0.3}$MnO$_3$ (LSMO), LaNiO$_3$ (LNO), and SrRuO$_3$ (SRO). The heterostructures serve as a model system for an estimation of the effective spin mixing conductance at the different interfaces. Our results show that by introducing a LNO interlayer between LSMO and SRO, the total effective spin mixing conductance increases due to the much more favourable interface of LSMO/LNO with respect to the LSMO/SRO interface. Neverheless, the spin current into the SRO does not decrease because of the spin diffusion length of $λ_\text{LNO}\approx$3.3 nm in the LNO. This value is two times higher than that of SRO. Our results show the potential of using oxide interfaces to tune the effective spin mixing conductance in heterostructures and to bring novel functionalities into spintronics by implementing complex oxides.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures
Phase transitions in the Prisoner's Dilemma game on scale-free networks
Creators: name: Miękisz, Jacek
name: Mohamadichamgavi, Javad
name: Łącki, Jakub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study stochastic dynamics of the Prisoner's Dilemma game on random Erdös-Rényi and Barabási-Albert networks with a cost of maintaining a link between interacting players. Stochastic simulations show that when the cost increases, the population of players located on Barabási-Albert network undergoes a sharp transition from an ordered state, where almost all players cooperate, to a state in which both cooperators and defectors coexist. At the critical cost, the population oscillates in time between these two states. Such a situation is not present in the Erdös-Rényi network. We provide some heuristic analytical arguments for the phase transition and the value of the critical cost in the Barabási-Albert network.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Field Theoretic Aspects of Condensed Matter Physics: An Overview
Creators: name: Fradkin, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this chapter I discuss the impact of concepts of Quantum Field Theory in modern Condensed Physics. Although the interplay between these two areas is certainly not new, the impact and mutual cross-fertilization has certainly grown enormously with time, and Quantum Field Theory has become a central conceptual tool in Condensed Matter Physics. In this chapter I cover how these ideas and tools have influenced our understanding of phase transitions, both classical and quantum, as well as topological phases of matter, and dualities.
description: Revised version to appear as a chapter in the Encyclopedia of Condensed Matter Physics 2e. 126 pages, including 380 references
Four Dimensional $\mathbf{\mathcal{N}=4}$ SYM and the Swampland
Creators: name: Kim, Hee-Cheol
name: Tarazi, Houri-Christina
name: Vafa, Cumrun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider supergravity theories with 16 supercharges in Minkowski space with dimensions $d>3$. We argue that there is an upper bound on the number of massless modes in such theories depending on $d$. In particular we show that the rank of the gauge symmetry group $G$ in $d$ dimensions is bounded by $r_G\leq 26-d$. This in particular demonstrates that 4 dimensional ${\cal N}=4$ SYM theories with rank bigger than 22, despite being consistent and indeed finite before coupling to gravity, cannot be consistently coupled to ${\cal N}=4$ supergravity in Minkowski space and belong to the swampland. Our argument is based on the swampland conditions of completeness of spectrum of defects as well as a strong form of the distance conjecture and relies on unitarity as well as supersymmetry of the worldsheet theory of BPS strings. The results are compatible with known string constructions and provide further evidence for the string lamppost principle (SLP): that string theory lamppost seems to capture ${\it all}$ consistent quantum gravitational theories.
description: 8 pages, v2: minor changes
Can shallow quantum circuits scramble local noise into global white noise?
Creators: name: Foldager, Jonathan
name: Koczor, Bálint
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shallow quantum circuits are believed to be the most promising candidates for achieving early practical quantum advantage - this has motivated the development of a broad range of error mitigation techniques whose performance generally improves when the quantum state is well approximated by a global depolarising (white) noise model. While it has been crucial for demonstrating quantum supremacy that random circuits scramble local noise into global white noise - a property that has been proved rigorously - we investigate to what degree practical shallow quantum circuits scramble local noise into global white noise. We define two key metrics as (a) density matrix eigenvalue uniformity and (b) commutator norm. While the former determines the distance from white noise, the latter determines the performance of purification based error mitigation. We derive analytical approximate bounds on their scaling and find in most cases they nicely match numerical results. On the other hand, we simulate a broad class of practical quantum circuits and find that white noise is in certain cases a bad approximation posing significant limitations on the performance of some of the simpler error mitigation schemes. On a positive note, we find in all cases that the commutator norm is sufficiently small guaranteeing a very good performance of purification-based error mitigation. Lastly, we identify techniques that may decrease both metrics, such as increasing the dimensionality of the dynamical Lie algebra by gate insertions or randomised compiling.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Measurement of the R$_{LT}$ response function for $π^0$ electroproduction at $Q^2$ = 0.070 (GeV/c)$^2$ in the $N\toΔ$ transition}
Creators: name: Sparveris, N.
name: Alarcon, R.
name: Barkhuff, D.
name: Bernstein, A.
name: Bertozzi, W.
name: Calarco, J.
name: Casagrande, F.
name: Chen, J.
name: Comfort, J.
name: Distler, M.
name: Dodson, G.
name: Dooley, A.
name: Dow, K.
name: Farkondeh, M.
name: Gilad, S.
name: Hicks, R.
name: Holtrop, M.
name: Hotta, A.
name: Jiang, X.
name: Kaloskamis, N.
name: Karabarbounis, A.
name: Kowalski, S.
name: Kunz, C.
name: Margaziotis, D.
name: Mertz, C.
name: Milner, R.
name: Miskimen, R.
name: Nakagawa, I.
name: Papanicolas, C.
name: Pavan, M.
name: Peterson, G.
name: Ramirez, A.
name: Rowntree, D.
name: Sarty, A.
name: Shaw, J.
name: Six, E.
name: Soong, S.
name: Stiliaris, S.
name: Tieger, D.
name: Tschalaer, C.
name: Turchinetz, W.
name: Vellidis, C.
name: Warren, G.
name: Young, A.
name: Zhao, J.
name: Zhou, Z.
name: Zwart, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quadrupole amplitudes in the $γ^{*}N\toΔ$ transition are associated with the issue of nucleon deformation. A search for these small amplitudes has been the focus of a series of measurements undertaken at Bates/MIT by the OOPS collaboration. We report on results from H$(e,e^\prime p)π^0$ data obtained at $Q^2= 0.070$ (GeV/c)$^2$ and invariant mass of W=1155 MeV using the out-of-plane detection technique with the OOPS spectrometers. The $σ_{LT}$ and $σ_{T}+ε\cdot$ $σ_{L}$ response functions were isolated. These results, along with those of previous measurements at $W$=1172 MeV and $Q^2= 0.127$ (GeV/c)$^2$, aim in elucidating the interplay between resonant and non resonant amplitudes.
The electron density is smooth away from the nuclei
Creators: name: Fournais, S.
name: Hoffmann-Ostenhof, M.
name: Hoffmann-Ostenhof, T.
name: Sørensen, T. Østergaard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B65;35Q40;81Q05

description: We prove that the electron densities of electronic eigenfunctions of atoms and molecules are smooth away from the nuclei.
description: 16 pages
Extinction within 10 degrees of the Galactic Centre using 2MASS
Creators: name: Dutra, C. M.
name: Santiago, B. X.
name: Bica, E. L. D.
name: Barbuy, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extract J and K_s magnitudes from the 2MASS Point Source Catalog for approximately 6 million stars with 8 < K_s < 13 in order to build an A_K extinction map within 10 degrees of the Galactic centre. The extinction was determined by fitting the upper giant branch of (K_s, J-K_s) colour-magnitude diagrams to a dereddened upper giant branch mean locus built from previously studied Bulge fields. The extinction values vary from A_K=0.05 in the edges of the map up to A_K=3.2 close to the Galactic centre. The 2MASS extinction map was compared to that recently derived from DENIS data. Both maps agree very well up to A_K=1.0. The 2MASS extinction values were also compared to those obtained from dust emission in the far infrared using DIRBE/IRAS. Several systematic effects likely to bias this comparison were addressed, including the presence of dust on the background of the bulk of 2MASS stars used in the extinction determination. For the region with $3^{\circ}
description: accepted to MNRAS, 12 pages and 14 figures
Transport in nanostructures: A comparison between nonequilibrium Green functions and density matrices
Creators: name: Wacker, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stationary electric transport in semiconductor nanostructures is studied by the method of nonequilibrium Green functions. In the case of sequential tunneling the results are compared with density matrix theory, providing almost identical results. Nevertheless, the method of Green functions is easier to handle due to the availability of an absolute energy scale. It is demonstrated, that the transport in complicated structures, like quantum cascade lasers, can be described in reasonable agreement with experiment.
description: 12 pages, to be published in Advances in Solid State Physics, ed. by B. Kramer (Springer, Berlin 2001)
Generic morphologies of viscoelastic dewetting fronts
Creators: name: Herminghaus, Stephan
name: Seemann, Ralf
name: Jacobs, Karin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple model is put forward which accounts for the occurrence of certain generic dewetting morphologies in thin liquid coatings. It demonstrates that by taking into account the elastic properties of the coating, a morphological phase diagram may be derived which describes the observed structures of dewetting fronts. It is demonstrated that dewetting morphologies may also serve to determine nanoscale rheological properties of liquids.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Observation of minority spin character of the new electron doped manganite La_0.7Ce_0.3MnO_3 from tunneling magnetoresistance
Creators: name: Mitra, C.
name: Raychaudhuri, P.
name: Doerr, K.
name: Mueller, K. -H.
name: Schultz, L.
name: Oppeneer, P. M.
name: Wirth, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the magnetotransport characteristics of a trilayer ferromagnetic tunnel junction build of an electron doped manganite (La_0.7Ce_0.3MnO_3) and a hole doped manganite (La_0.7Ca_0.3MnO_3). At low temperatures the junction exhibits a large positive tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR), irrespective of the bias voltage. At intermediate temperatures below T_C the sign of the TMR is dependent on the bias voltage across the junction. The magnetoresistive characteristics of the junction strongly suggest that La_0.7Ce_0.3MnO_3 is a minority spin carrier ferromagnet with a high degree of spin polarization, i.e. a transport half metal.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, 2nd revised version
Stellar speckle and correlation derived from classical wave expansions for spherical antennas
Creators: name: Yaghjian, Arthur D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Michelson phase and Hanbury Brown-Twiss intensity stellar interferometry require expressions for the first- and second-order correlation functions, respectively, of the fields radiated by stars in terms of their diameters and measured quasi-monochromatic wavelengths. Although our sun and most other stars are spherical in shape at optical wavelengths, previous determinations of speckle and correlation functions have modeled stars as circular discs rather than spheres because of the mathematical tools available for partially coherent fields on planar surfaces. However, with the incentive that most stars are indeed shaped like spheres and not discs, the present paper models a star as a spherical antenna composed of a random distribution of uncorrelated volume sources within a thin surface layer (photosphere). Working directly with the time-domain fields, a self-contained, straightforward, detailed derivation of speckle patterns and correlation functions is given based on a novel, angularly symmetric, spherical mode expansion with coefficients determined by the assumed Lambertian nature of the star's radiation and the uniform asymptotic behavior of the spherical Hankel functions. First-order spatially averaged and temporally averaged correlation functions are proven to be identical and the normalized second-order correlation function is shown to equal one plus the square of the normalized first-order correlation function. The direct time-domain approach reveals explicit expressions for the quasi-monochromatic wave-packet fields of stellar radiation as well as new criteria for the validity of the far-field approximation for the fields of incoherent sources that are much less restrictive than the Rayleigh-distance criterion for coherent sources.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, Some improvements
Top polarisation as a probe of CP-mixing top-Higgs coupling in $tjh$ signals
Creators: name: Patrick, Riley
name: Scaffidi, Andre
name: Sharma, Pankaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we explore beyond the Standard Model top-Higgs Yukawa couplings as a function of a CP-mixing parameter $ξ_t$ at the 14 TeV HL-LHC in the process $pp\to thj$. We observe that angular variables of the decay products of the top are non-trivially sensitive to $ξ_t$. This fact is exploited in a full detector level analysis that employs machine learning techniques to optimize signal sensitivity on a suite of variables, including lepton azimuthal angle. The key result of this study is an improved projected exclusion limit on $ξ_t$ even when including the realistic effects of detector smearing and a conservative estimate of systematic error.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Engineering generalized Gibbs ensembles with trapped ions
Creators: name: Reiter, Florentin
name: Lange, Florian
name: Jain, Shreyans
name: Grau, Matt
name: Home, Jonathan P.
name: Lenarčič, Zala
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of generalized Gibbs ensembles (GGEs) has been introduced to describe steady states of integrable models. Recent advances show that GGEs can also be stabilized in nearly integrable quantum systems when driven by external fields and open. Here, we present a weakly dissipative dynamics that drives towards a steady-state GGE and is realistic to implement in systems of trapped ions. We outline the engineering of the desired dissipation by a combination of couplings which can be realized with ion-trap setups and discuss the experimental observables needed to detect a deviation from a thermal state. We present a novel mixed-species motional mode engineering technique in an array of micro-traps and demonstrate the possibility to use sympathetic cooling to construct many-body dissipators. Our work provides a blueprint for experimental observation of GGEs in open systems and opens a new avenue for quantum simulation of driven-dissipative quantum many-body problems.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures. Added a physical implementation scheme based on normal mode engineering in ion micro-traps
Perspectives and misconceptions about frugal engineering in advanced product development: an industry insight
Creators: name: Achtelik, Timo
name: Abdalla, Kanzy
name: Herstatt, Cornelius
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Frugality | Frugal Innovation | Frugal Engineering | Over-Engineering | Global Innovation
classificationCode: 6
subject: Technology::658: General Managament::658.5: Of Production
classificationCode: 6
subject: Technology::620: Engineering

description: Frugal innovation and frugal engineering are becoming increasingly important in both academic and practical discussions in the face of various economic, social and environmental pressures. Despite numerous positive associations and opportunities of frugality in the corporate environment, the discourse is still characterized by several barriers and enablers that impede a broad diffusion. In our paper, we contrast these barriers and enablers using a mix of industry evidence from action research and interview studies. In doing so, we highlight common misconceptions in the conceptual understanding of frugal engineering and create new perspectives on frugal product development specifically for practitioners in the field.
Implementation and evaluation of a dynamic contrast enhanced mr perfusion protocol for glioblastoma using a 0.35T mri-Linac system
Creators: name: Maziero, Danilo
name: Azzam, Gregory
name: de La Fuente, Macarena
name: Stoyanova, Radka
name: Ford, John Chetley
name: Mellon, Eric Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MRI-linear accelerator (MRI-Linac) systems allow for daily tracking of MRI changes during radiotherapy (RT). Since one common MRI-Linac operates at 0.35T, there are efforts towards developing protocols at that field strength. In this study we demonstrate the implementation of a post-contrast 3DT1-weighted (3DT1w) and dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) protocol to assess glioblastoma response to RT using a 0.35T MRI-Linac. The protocol implemented was used to acquire 3DT1w and DCE data from a flow phantom and two patients with glioblastoma (a responder and a non-responder) who underwent RT on a 0.35T-MRI-Linac. The detection of post-contrast enhanced volumes was evaluated by comparing the 3DT1w images from the 0.35T-MRI-Linac to images obtained using a 3T-standalone scanner. The DCE data were tested temporally and spatially using data from the flow phantom and patients. K-trans maps were derived from DCE at three time points (a week before treatment: Pre RT, four weeks through treatment: Mid RT, and three weeks after treatment: Post RT) and were validated with patients treatment outcomes. The 3D-T1 contrast enhancement volumes were visually and volumetrically similar (+/- 0.6-3.6%) between 0.35T MRI-Linac and 3T. DCE images showed temporal stability, and associated K-trans maps were consistent with patient response to treatment. On average, K-trans values showed a 54% decrease and 8.6% increase for a responder and non-responder respectively when Pre RT and Mid RT images were compared. Our findings support the feasibility of obtaining post-contrast 3DT1w and DCE data from patients with glioblastoma using a 0.35T MRI-Linac system.
Does Healthy Food Cost More in Poor Neighborhoods? An Analysis of Retail Food Cost and Spatial Competition
Creators: name: Hatzenbuehler, Patrick L.
name: Gillespie, Jeffrey M.
name: O'Neil, Carol E.
name: Hatzenbuehler, Patrick L.
name: Gillespie, Jeffrey M.
name: O'Neil, Carol E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: retail food cost
subject: food availability
subject: spatial retail competition

description: The organization of the Baton Rouge, Louisiana, retail food industry was analyzed to determine whether spatial competition influenced the cost and availability of food items. Using a spatial competition gravity variable, the costs of two separate market baskets were analyzed in January 2009, and the factors influencing spatial competition were determined. Store type (chain or supercenter) was found to be the most significant determinant of food costs, validating findings of past studies. Although food was not found to be more expensive in low-income areas, results suggest that residents in low-income and rural areas have disincentives to purchase affordable, available healthy food due to the spatial organization of their local food market.
Directed and Elliptic Flow in Pb+Pb collisions at 40 and 158 AGeV
Creators: name: Wetzler, Alexander
name: Borghini, N.
name: Dinh, P. M.
name: Ollitrault, J. -Y.
name: Poskanzer, A. M.
name: Voloshin, S. A.
name: Collaboration, the NA49
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Directed and elliptic flow are reported for charged pions and protons as a function of transverse momentum, rapidity, and centrality in 40 and 158 AGeV Pb + Pb collisions. The standard method of correlating particles with an event plane is used. The directed flow of protons is small and shows little variation near to midrapidity, but rises fast towards projectile rapidity in the 40 AGeV data. For most peripheral collisions the flat region becomes negative resulting in $v_1$ changing sign three times. Elliptic flow doesn't seem to change very much from 40 AGeV to 158 AGeV. The difference is smaller than anticipated from the overall energy dependence from AGS to RHIC.
description: Presented at 16th International Conference on Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-Nucelus Collisions, Quark Matter 2002 (QM 2002), Nantes, France, 18-24 Jul 2002, 4 pages, 3 figures
Stochastic Effects in Anisotropic Inflation
Creators: name: Talebian, Alireza
name: Nassiri-Rad, Amin
name: Firouzjahi, Hassan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the stochastic effects in the model of anisotropic inflation containing a $U(1)$ gauge field. We obtain the Langevin equations for the inflaton and gauge fields perturbations and solve them analytically. We show that if the initial value of the electric field is larger than its classical attractor value, then the random stochastic forces associated with the gauge field is balanced by the frictional damping (classical) force and the electric field falls into an equilibrium (stationary) regime. As a result, the classical attractor value of the electric field is replaced by its stationary value. We show that the probability of generating quadrupolar statistical anisotropy consistent with CMB constraints can be significant.