cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Propagation of Leaky MHD Waves at Discontinuities with Tilted Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Vickers, E.
name: Ballai, I.
name: Erdélyi, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the characteristics of magneto-acoustic surface waves propagating at a single density interface, in the presence of an inclined magnetic field. For linear wave propagation, dispersion relation is obtained and analytical solutions are derived for small inclination angle. The inclination of the field renders the frequency of waves to be complex, where the imaginary part describes wave attenuation, due to lateral energy leakage.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
Calculation of density fluctuation in inflationary epoch
Creators: name: Kundu, Amit
name: Mallik, S.
name: Chaudhuri, D. Rai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from an initial state of thermal equilibrium, we derive an expression for the quantum fluctuation in the energy density during the inflationary epoch in terms of the mode functions for the inflaton field. The effect of this particular initial state is not washed out in the final formula, contrary to what is usually believed. Numerically, however, the effect is completely negligible, validating the use of the two point function in the vacuum state. We also point out the requirement of conventional quantum field theory during inflation, that the quantum fluctuation in a wavelength must be evaluated, at the latest, when the wavelength crosses the Hubble length, in contrast to the usual practice in the literature.
description: 12 pages, latex, 1 figure, axodraw
Relationship between outcome scores and knee laxity following total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review
Creators: name: Kappel, Andreas
name: Laursen, Mogens
name: Nielsen, Poul T
name: Odgaard, Anders
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Background and purpose — Instability following primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is, according to all national registries, one of the major failure mechanisms leading to revision surgery. However, the range of soft-tissue laxity that favors both pain relief and optimal knee function following TKA remains unclear. We reviewed current evidence on the relationship between instrumented knee laxity measured postoperatively and outcome scores following primary TKA. Patients and methods — We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases to identify relevant studies, which were cross-referenced using Web of Science. Results — 14 eligible studies were identified; all were methodologically similar. Both sagittal and coronal laxity measurement were reported; 6 studies reported on measurement in both extension and flexion. In knee extension from 0° to 30° none of 11 studies could establish statistically significant association between laxity and outcome scores. In flexion from 60° to 90° 6 of 9 studies found statistically significant association. Favorable results were reported for posterior cruciate retaining (CR) knees with sagittal laxity between 5 and 10 mm at 75–80° and for knees with medial coronal laxity below 4° in 80–90° of flexion. Interpretation — In order to improve outcome following TKA careful measuring and adjusting of ligament laxity intraoperatively seems important. Future studies using newer outcome scores supplemented by performance-based scores may complement current evidence.
POLICY BRIEF: Data Ethics and Structural Inequities in Science
Creators: name: CODATA Data Ethics Working Group
name: Anand, Suchith
name: Bezuidenhout, Louise
name: Cox, Andrew
name: John-Langba, Johannes
name: Leonelli, Sabina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Data Ethics
Inequalities
Inequities
Justice
Data Colonialism
CODATA
UNESCO
Open Science

description: This is a draft Policy Brief on Data Ethics and Structural Inequities in Science produced by the CODATA Data Ethics Working Group. 

We welcome feedback or discussion of the draft briefing via this form: https://forms.gle/SmkhP9XzunRLysGL6 or directly to the authors: Suchith Anand , Louise Bezuidenhout, , Andrew Cox , Johannes John-Langba, , Sabina Leonelli,

 

Summary and recommendations

The gap that we identify in The UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science is in acknowledging the systematic structural conditions creating inequitable participation in science, and the impact that this has on how a push towards open science might play out in practice.

Science as a global system is riven by inequities. This has five interconnected dimensions:

Identity-based inequities shaping participation in science at an individual level

International inequities in the strength, visibility and recognition of research systems

Inequities in the research infrastructure and access to funding

Inequitable access to an increasingly commercialised publishing system

Data colonialism

These issues are well known, for example many points about international patterns in inequity are reiterated in previous policy statements, including the recent Africa Charter for Transformative Research Collaborations.

As well as being unjust these inequities compromise diversity and participation in science and so its strength and richness.We appreciate that for many open science is seen as a way to address some of these issues, but we argue that there are significant power asymmetries involved and open science as a solution is not necessarily sufficient or even effective.Given these conditions, the impact of open science and the sharing of data in particular, may play out in ways that are also inequitable. The principle of “intelligent openness”, where the definition of open science is based on context, needs much more development and backing with robust international governance mechanisms and examples of good practice.Across the different dimensions of inequity, there is a need for:

Greater explicit acknowledgement of the issues

More research into the nature and distribution of the barriers to participation inscience

Support to local definitions of the meaning of openness

Benchmarks for improvement to be established and progress monitored

All stakeholders to educate themselves about the issues

More participatory approaches to policy development
Additional file 1 of Combined epigenetic/genetic study identified an ALS age of onset modifier
Creators: name: Zhang, Ming
name: Xi, Zhengrui
name: Saez-Atienzar, Sara
name: Chia, Ruth
name: Moreno, Danielle
name: Sato, Christine
name: Montazer Haghighi, Mahdi
name: Traynor, Bryan J.
name: Zinman, Lorne
name: Rogaeva, Ekaterina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1:Table S1. Candidate CpG-SNPs with significant association between their DNAm level and age of onset in 249 ALS patients. Table S2. Results of the subgroup analysis in Canadian ALS patients (n=469) and US ALS patients (n=4160). Table S3. Bioinformatic annotation of SNPs in strong LD with rs4970944 (R2>0.9). Table S4. eQTL analysis using the GTEx database revealed significant changes in gene expression associated with rs4970944 in different tissues (normalized effect size (NES) are listed). Fig. S1. QQ plot of the genome-wide DNAm study. Fig. S2. The 16 Kb LD-block tagged by rs4970944 (chr1:151150857–151166896), including 4 SNPs (rs11204785, rs11807075, rs11299974, rs10888406) in strong LD with rs4970944 (R2>0.9). Fig. S3. Rs10888406 genotypes are significantly associated with age of onset in ALS patients in the discovery, replication and pooled sample set. Fig. S4. Subgroup analysis in Canadian ALS patients stratified for site of onset, sex and familial history. Fig. S5. Subgroup analysis in US ALS patients stratified for site of onset, sex and familial history. Fig. S6. Subgroup analysis in US ALS patients stratified for C9orf72 status. Fig. S7. Pooled analysis of the association between rs4970944 genotypes and ALS age of onset. Fig. S8. Meta-analysis of the adjusted regression coefficient from the discovery cohort (n=469) and the replication cohort (n=3697) in C9orf72 negative ALS patients. Fig. S9. Rs4970944 genotypes are significantly associated with CTSS expression in cerebellum in the GTEx database. Fig. S10. The dimension reduction figure (UMAP) of human entorhinal cortex samples. Fig. S11. Visualization of CTSS and selected genes in the dimension reduction figure (UMAP). Supplementary acknowledgements. Acknowledgements for using the dbGap dataset.
BPS Bounds for Worldvolume Branes
Creators: name: Gauntlett, Jerome P.
name: Gomis, Joaquim
name: Townsend, Paul K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The worldvolume field equations of M-branes and D-branes are known to admit p-brane soliton solutions. These solitons are shown to saturate a BPS-type bound on their p-volume tensions, which are expressed in terms of central charges that are expected to appear in the worldvolume supertranslation algebra. The cases we consider include vortices, `BIons', instantons and dyons (both abelian and non-abelian), and the string boundaries of M-2-branes in the M-5-brane.
description: Latex, 20 pages. References added, minor changes
Classical Double Copy: Kerr-Schild-Kundt metrics from Yang-Mills Theory
Creators: name: Gurses, Metin
name: Tekin, Bayram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical double copy idea relates some solutions of Einstein's theory with those of gauge and scalar field theories. We study the Kerr-Schild-Kundt (KSK) class of metrics in $d$-dimensions in the context of possible new examples of this idea. We first show that it is possible to solve the Einstein-Yang-Mills system exactly using the solutions of a Klein-Gordon type scalar equation when the metric is the $pp$-wave metric which is the simplest member of the KSK class. In the more general KSK class, the solutions of a scalar equation also solve the Yang-Mills, Maxwell and Einstein-Yang-Mills-Maxwell equations exactly albeit with a null fluid source. Hence in the general KSK class, the double copy correspondence is not as clean-cut as in the case of the $pp$-wave. In our treatment all the gauge fields couple to dynamical gravity, and are not treated as test fields. We also briefly study Gödel type metrics along the same lines.
description: 9 pages, published version, in v3 small typos are corrected
Soziotechnische Systemgestaltung in der Intralogistik vor dem Hintergrund digitaler Transformation
Creators: name: Dregger, Johannes
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Logistik
subject: Digitalisierung
subject: 620
subject: 670
subject: Digitale Revolution
subject: Intralogistik
subject: Arbeitssystem

description: Die digitale Transformation beschreibt die fortschreitende Digitalisierung der Gesellschaft. Diese ist auch in der Intralogistik zu beobachten, wo sie sich in Form neuer digitaler Technologien äußert, die maßgeblichen Einfluss auf die Gestaltung der Arbeitssysteme haben. Davon sind insbesondere die damit einhergehenden veränderten oder neuen Formen der Mensch-Maschine-Zusammenarbeit betroffen. Vor diesem Hintergrund befasst sich diese Arbeit mit der zentralen Forschungsfrage, welche Auswirkungen die digitale Transformation auf die zukünftige Gestaltung der Arbeitssysteme der Intralogistik hat. Als personalintensivstem Bereich der Intralogistik betrifft dies in besonderem Maße die Kommissionierung, die als Betrachtungsrahmen dient. Dazu wird methodisch auf den soziotechnischen Systemansatz zurückgegriffen, der auf dem ganzheitlichen Gedanken beruht, dass technologische Veränderungen eines Arbeitssystems mit personellen oder organisatorischen Wechselwirkungen verbunden sind und nicht isoliert betrachtet werden können. Dazu werden zunächst notwendige Grundlagen dargelegt, die die organisatorische und beschäftigungsstrukturelle Charakterisierung der Kommissionierung, die allgemeine digitale Transformation sowie Ansätze ganzheitlicher Arbeitssystemgestaltung umfassen. Der technologische Kern der Arbeit umfasst eine umfassende Analyse der digitalen Transformation in der Intralogistik. Mittels qualitativer Literaturanalyse werden die vier Technologietrends Autonomie, Assistenz, Automatisierung und Vernetzung abgeleitet und deren Entwicklungsstand sowie Potential anhand exemplarischer Zukunftstechnologien analysiert. Der Einfluss der Technologietrends auf die Arbeitssysteme der Intralogistik wird in einem Wirkmodell dargestellt, das ingenieurwissenschaftliche und arbeitssoziologische Ansätze vereint. Durch eine Logistikexpertenstudie werden intralogistische Einflussfaktoren sowie damit verbundene personelle und organisatorische Wechselwirkungen empirisch erhoben. Die soziotechnische Gestaltung zukünftiger Arbeitssysteme der Intralogistik wird schließlich aus einer kombinierten Analyse der technologisch bedingten Änderungen in der Arbeits- und Funktionsteilung, der Beschäftigungsstrukturentwicklung sowie der domänenspezifischen Technologieverbreitung abgeleitet. Dabei wird ersichtlich, dass die digitale Transformation die voranschreitende Polarisierung in der Kommissionierung unterstützt und zukünftig vermehrt Geringqualifizierte beschäftigt werden. Dies betrifft in besonderem Maße den Online-Einzelhandel. Dabei sind jedoch stets die betriebsstrukturellen Bedingungen zu beachten, die die Arbeitssystemgestaltung im Einzelfall beeinflussen können.
The relevance of the vertex bremsstrahlung photon detection in the electron-neutrino (antineutrino) electron scattering experiments at low energy
Creators: name: Broggini, C.
name: Masina, I.
name: Moretti, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the size of the electron-antineutrino electron into electron-antineutrino electron cross section reduction due to the rejection of the events with a vertex bremsstrahlung photon above a certain energy in the final state. In particular we analyze the effect in experiments designed to detect the low energy electron-antineutrino and electron-neutrino from a nuclear reactor and from the Sun. We find that such reduction has to be considered in a relatively high statistic reactor experiment, while it is negligible for pp and 7Be solar neutrino detection.
description: Plain Latex plus six postscript figures not included in the text
Analytical model for the intensity dependence of 1500 nm to 980 nm upconversion in Er$^{3+}$: a new tool for material characterization
Creators: name: Christiansen, Jeppe
name: Lakhotiya, Harish
name: Eriksen, Emil
name: Madsen, Søren P.
name: Balling, Peter
name: Julsgaard, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simplified rate-equation model for the 1500 nm to 980 nm upconversion in Er$^{3+}$. The simplifications, based on typical experimental conditions as well as on conclusions based on previously published more advanced models, enable an analytical solution of the rate equations, which reproduces known properties of upconversion. We have compared the model predictions with intensity-dependent measurements on four samples with different optical properties, such as upconversion-luminescence yield and the characteristic lifetime of the $^4I_{13/2}$ state. The saturation of the upconversion is in all cases well-described by the model over several orders of magnitude in excitation intensities. Finally, the model provides a new measure for the quality of upconverter systems based on Er$^{3+}$ -- the saturation intensity. This parameter provides valuable information on upconversion parameters such as the rates of energy-transfer upconversion and cross-relaxation. In the present investigation, we used the saturation intensity to conclude that the differences in upconversion performance of the investigated samples are mainly due to differences in the non-radiative relaxation rates.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, to be submitted to PRB
Fokker-Planck approach to quantum lattice Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Jiménez, Fernando
name: Sierra, Germán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fokker-Planck equations have been applied in the past to field theory topics such as the stochastic quantization and the stabilization of bottomless action theories. In this paper we give another application of the FP-techniques in a way appropriate to the study of the ground state, the excited states and the critical behaviour of quantum lattice Hamiltonians. With this purpose, we start by considering a discrete or lattice version of the standard FP-Hamiltonian. The well known exponential ansatz for the ground state wave functional becomes in our case an exponential ``cluster" expansion. With a convenient choice for this latter, we are able to construct FP-Hamiltonians which to a large extent reproduce critical properties of ``realistic" quantum lattice Hamiltonians, as the one of the Ising model in a transverse field (ITF). In one dimension, this statement is made manifest by proving that the FP-Hamiltonian we built up belongs to the same universality class as the standard ITF model or, equivalently, the 2D-classical Ising model. To this respect, some considerations concerning higher dimensional ITF models are outlined.
description: 42 pages, LaTeX, 3 figures available upon request
Effects of stimulus-related variables on mental states recognition in Huntington’s disease
Creators: name: Belardinelli, Marta Olivetti
name: Huenefeldt, Thomas
name: Maffi, Sabrina
name: Squitieri, Ferdinando
name: Migliore, Simone
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: Cognitive abnormalities in Huntington’s Disease (HD) can involve the specific impairment of the social perspective taking as well as difficulties in recognizing others’ mental state many years before the onset of motor symptoms. Aims: At the scope of assessing how the difficulties in mental state recognition might be an HD early sign before motor symptoms appear, our study was aimed to investigate how the recognition of others’ mental states in HD subjects is moderated by different stimulus related features (gender, difficulty (low, medium, high), and valence (positive, negative, neutral) of the mental states that are to be recognized). Methods: Subjects with premanifest (n = 20) and manifest (n = 40) HD performed the revised ‘Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test’ and were compared with age-matched healthy controls (HC, 40 subjects per cohort). Results: Our results highlight an early impairment in mental state recognition preceding manifest HD symptoms and a deterioration of these abilities with HD progression. Moreover, we found in HD premanifest subjects an impairment concerning the recognition of negative and neutral mental states, as well as of mental states with moderate recognition difficulty. Finally, we found that participant gender did not influence the performance in recognizing others’ mental states, while all participants recognized mental states displayed by females more accurately than those displayed by males. Conclusions: We conclude that difficulties in the recognition of complex mental states can be considered as an early sign of HD, before evident behavioral manifestations, and peculiar features of the stimulus influence it.
Unification of integrability in supersymmetric gauge theories
Creators: name: Costello, Kevin
name: Yagi, Junya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A four-dimensional analog of Chern-Simons theory produces integrable lattice models from Wilson lines and surface operators. We show that this theory describes a quasi-topological sector of maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in six dimensions, topologically twisted and subjected to an Ω-deformation. By realizing the six-dimensional theory in string theory and applying dualities, we unify various phenomena in which the eight-vertex model and the XYZ spin chain, as well as variants thereof, emerge from supersymmetric gauge theories.
description: 84 pages. v2: minor changes and corrections, references added; v3: minor changes, published version
Measurement of Inclusive Ds+- Photoproduction at HERA
Creators: name: ZEUS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first measurement of inclusive Ds+- photoproduction at HERA has been performed with the ZEUS detector for photon-proton centre-of-mass energies 130 < W < 280 GeV. The measured cross section for 3 < pt(Ds) < 12 GeV and |eta(Ds)|< 1.5 is sigma(ep -> Ds X) = 3.79 +- 0.59 (stat.) +0.26-0.46 (syst.) +- 0.94 (br.) nb, where the last error arises from the uncertainty in the Ds decay branching ratio. The measurements are compared with inclusive D*+- photoproduction cross sections in the same kinematic region and with QCD calculations. The Ds cross sections lie above a fixed-order next-to-leading order calculation and agree better with a tree-level O(alpha,alpha_s^3) calculation that was tuned to describe the ZEUS D* cross sections. The ratio of Ds+- to D*+- cross sections is 0.41 +- 0.07 (stat.) +0.03-0.05 (syst.) +- 0.10 (br.). From this ratio, the strangeness-suppression factor in charm photoproduction, within the LUND string fragmentation model, has been calculated to be gamma_s = 0.27 +- 0.05 +- 0.07 (br.). The cross-section ratio and gamma_s are in good agreement with those obtained in charm production in e+e- annihilation.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Lett. B; 1 footnote added
Comment on "Inherent security of phase coding quantum key distribution systems against detector blinding attacks" [Laser Phys. Lett. 15, 095203 (2018)]
Creators: name: Fedorov, Aleksey
name: Gerhardt, Ilja
name: Huang, Anqi
name: Jogenfors, Jonathan
name: Kurochkin, Yury
name: Lamas-Linares, Antía
name: Larsson, Jan-Åke
name: Leuchs, Gerd
name: Lydersen, Lars
name: Makarov, Vadim
name: Skaar, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a brief comment on the Letter by Balygin and his coworkers [Laser Phys. Lett. 15, 095203 (2018)]. We point out an error that invalidates the Letter's conclusions.
description: 2 pages
Arabidopsis thaliana subsp. defensins
Creators: name: Costa, Laura S. M.
name: Allan
name: Pires, S.
name: Damaceno, Neila B.
name: Rigueiras, Pietra O.
name: Maximiano, Mariana R.
name: Franco, Octavio L.
name: Porto, William F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Brassicaceae
Arabidopsis
Arabidopsis thaliana

description: 2.1. The majority of A. thaliana defensins belongs to class I defensins
 In order to identify class II defensin sequences, we designed a semiautomatic pipeline (Fig. 1). For that, initially all proteins from the A. thaliana Uniprot database were downloaded. The dataset consisted of 86,486 sequences (March 2017). From this dataset, 387 sequences were retrieved by using regular expression (RegEx) search (step 2, Fig. 1). From these, 285 had up to 130 amino acid residues (step 3, Fig. 1). This criterion allows eventual larger C-terminal prodomains to be identified. Then, we used a PERL script to select the sequences with the following flags: hypothetical, unknown, unnamed and/or uncharacterized (step 4, Fig. 1), resulting in 15 sequences. From 15 sequences, seven were incomplete and therefore were discarded, (step 5, Fig. 1). From the remaining sequences, two sequences without signal peptide or with transmembrane domains were discarded (step 6, Fig. 1). Finally, from six remaining sequences, two sequences with a potential C-Terminal prodomain were selected, with accession codes A7 REG2 and A7 REG4.
description: Published as part of Costa, Laura S. M., Allan, Pires, S., Damaceno, Neila B., Rigueiras, Pietra O., Maximiano, Mariana R., Franco, Octavio L. & Porto, William F., 2020, In silico characterization of class II plant defensins from Arabidopsis thaliana, pp. 1-8 in Phytochemistry (112511) (112511) 179 on page 2, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112511, http://zenodo.org/record/8293258
Betrachtung der Ähnlichkeit von niedermolekularen Verbindungen unter Berücksichtigung der biologischen Aktivität
Creators: name: Humbeck, Lina
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 570
subject: 540
subject: Wirkstoffforschung

description: Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit sollte die Ähnlichkeit von niedermolekularen Verbindungen unter Berücksichtigung der biologischen Aktivität betrachtet werden. Dazu sollte zunächst eine Datenbank solcher Verbindungen generiert werden, die einen weiten chemischen Raum abdeckt und deren Verbindungen größtenteils zugleich synthetisch zugänglich sind. Diese sollte als Ideengenerator in zukünftigen Wirkstoffdesignprojekten verwendet werden können, indem die in den nachfolgenden Analysen zur Ähnlichkeit entwickelten Methoden auf sie angewendet werden. Anschließend sollten mehrere Ebenen der Ähnlichkeit von niedermolekularen Verbindungen untersucht werden: (i) Atomtypengruppen und pharmakophore Eigenschaften, (ii) Scaffolds (Grundgerüste) sowie (iii) Bioisostere und Shape (Form). Dabei sollten zwei unterschiedliche Methoden entwickelt werden. Die erste Methode sollte die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse aus den Ähnlichkeitsanalysen in Graph-basierte Such- oder Clustering-Algorithmen zur Erfassung der Bioähnlichkeit von niedermolekularen Verbindungen integrieren. Die zweite Methode sollte eine Erfassung der biologischen Zielstruktur (Protein) in der Betrachtung der Bioähnlichkeit von niedermolekularen Verbindungen erlauben. Zur Validierung sollten die Vorhersagen dieser Methode biochemisch verifiziert werden. Die entwickelten Methoden sollen eine Einbeziehung der biologischen Aktivität in die Ähnlichkeitsbetrachtung von niedermolekularen Verbindungen erlauben und somit zusammen mit der generierten Datenbank die Wirkstoffentwicklung fördern.
Zingiber cinale Roscoe
Creators: name: Micucci, M.
name: Bolchi, C.
name: Budriesi, R.
name: Cevenini, M.
name: Maroni, L.
name: Capozza, S.
name: Chiarini, A.
name: Pallavicini, M.
name: Angeletti, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Zingiberales
Zingiberaceae
Zingiber

description: 2.13. Zingiber o ffi cinale Roscoe
  Zingiber o ffi  cinale Roscoe rhizome is widely used in Ayurvedic medicine, as a treatment for gastrointestinal and cardiovascular ailments. The rhizome contains phenolic compounds and non-volatile pungent active principles including gingerols, paradols, shogaols and gingerones (Semwal et al., 2015).
 A water extract from  Z. o ffi cinale  was shown to inhibit ACE activity in a concentration-dependent manner (Akinyemi et al., 2014). This effect occurs also in vivo, in rats fed with a high cholesterol diet (Akinyemi et al., 2014). The same extract reduces mean arterial BP in L-NAME induced hypertensive rats. Butanol and ethyl acetate fractions seem to be more active than the water fraction (Manosroi et al., 2013). Efficacy of ginger supplementation on BP in clinical trials has been recently reviewed (Hasani et al., 2019).
 In vitro experiments on guinea pig isolated tissues showed that the decoction of ginger possesses weak negative inotropic and chronotropic intrinsic activities, along with a significant intrinsic relaxant activity on smooth muscle with a greater potency on ileum than on aorta. The study on the main pure components supports the relationship between 6- and 8-gingerol and 6-shogaol and these effects. These results are in agreement with the activity of calcium channel modulators, which influence more strongly the not vascular muscles than vascular one (Leoni et al., 2017). Previous researches had evidenced, for 6-, 8- and 10- gingerol and, to a minor extent, also for 6-shogaol (Fig. 13), a vasodilator effect through a combination of NO releasing and calcium antagonist mechanism (Ghayur et al., 2005). More recently, 6-gingerol has been shown to attenuate the increased level of blood glucose and to improve cardiac hemodynamics in diabetic rats (El-Bassossy et al., 2016) and it has been identified as a novel angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist (Liu et al., 2013). Inhibition of TGF-β- stimulated biglycan synthesis by 6-gingerol suggests the potential role of ginger in the prevention of atherosclerosis (Kamato et al., 2013).
description: Published as part of Micucci, M., Bolchi, C., Budriesi, R., Cevenini, M., Maroni, L., Capozza, S., Chiarini, A., Pallavicini, M. & Angeletti, A., 2020, Antihypertensive phytocomplexes of proven efficacy and well-established use: Mode of action and individual characterization of the active constituents, pp. 1-19 in Phytochemistry (112222) (112222) 170 on page 11, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.112222, http://zenodo.org/record/8292998
Nucleon Structure Functions in a Chiral Soliton Model
Creators: name: Weigel, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The computation of nucleon structure functions within the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio chiral soliton model is outlined. After some technical remarks on the issue of regularization numerical results for the both unpolarized and polarized structure functions are presented. The generalization to flavor SU(3) is sketched.
description: 5 pages LaTeX, 3 figures, uses esppre.sty (enclosed) Talk presented at the KEK-Tanashi Int. Symposium on the Physics of Hadrons and Nuclei, Tokyo, Dec. 1998, to appear in the proceedings
Pinus pinaster
Creators: name: Gonçalves, Elsa
name: Figueiredo, A. Cristina
name: Barroso, José G.
name: Henriques, Joana
name: Sousa, Edmundo
name: Bonifácio, Luís
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Pinopsida
Pinales
Pinaceae
Pinus
Pinus pinaster

description: 2.4. Pinus pinaster oleoresin volatiles
 Only P. pinaster yielded enough oleoresin from feeding wounds to be sampled for analysis of volatiles, although some oleoresin exudation was also seen from P. pinea after feeding by M. galloprovincialis.
 The volatiles collected by SPME from each P. pinaster oleoresin sample were complex mixtures in which 53 components were identified, representing ≥92% of the total volatiles. The identified components are listed in Table 4 in order of their elution on the DB-1 column, arranged according to the lowest and the highest percentages found for each component in the seven samples, or to the samples grouped by EO chemotypes.
The monoterpene fraction was dominant in all analysed samples (68–96%), while the sesquiterpene fraction ranged from 4 to 26%. In all cases the relative amount of monoterpene hydrocarbons (62–95%) was higher than that of oxygen-containing monoterpenes (0.1–10%).
When considering the volatiles from all oleoresins, α-pinene was a major component (18–80%), although the oleoresin volatiles from C1 trees were dominated by δ-3-carene (20–30%) and/or β-pinene (20–26%), because this group showed the lowest percentages of α-pinene (18–19%). On the other hand, α-pinene (26–80%) was the main component from C2 trees, followed by β-pinene (5–35%).
 The chemical composition of oleoresin from Pinus species has been extensively studied, mainly from solvent extracts, to the extent that specific monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and resin acids can be used as chemotaxonomic markers (Arrabal et al., 2005 and refs. cited therein). Nevertheless, we found only one study on the volatiles of maritime pine oleoresin. Adsorbent headspace analysis of the oleoresin volatiles from P. pinaster pruning wounds showed α- and β-pinene to be major components, with lesser proportions of camphene, myrcene, limonene, and linalool, along with traces of δ-3-carene, terpinolene, longifolene and β-caryophyllene. According to the authors, linalool was an artefact resulting from the adsorbent used in the headspace analysis (Kleinhentz et al., 1999).
description: Published as part of Gonçalves, Elsa, Figueiredo, A. Cristina, Barroso, José G., Henriques, Joana, Sousa, Edmundo & Bonifácio, Luís, 2020, Effect of Monochamus galloprovincialis feeding on Pinus pinaster and Pinus pinea, oleoresin and insect volatiles, pp. 1-12 in Phytochemistry (112159) (112159) 169 on page 6, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.112159, http://zenodo.org/record/8293567
A model of the three-dimensional structure of human interferon responsive factor 1 and its modifications upon phosphorylation or phosphorylation-mimicking mutations
Creators: name: Storchi, Loriano
name: Remoli, Anna Lisa
name: Marsili, Giulia
name: Acchioni, Chiara
name: Acchioni, Marta
name: Battistini, Angela
name: Sgarbanti, Marco
name: Marrone, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Interferon responsive factor 1 (IRF-1) is a pleiotropic transcription factor, possessing non-redundant biological activities that depend on its interaction with different protein partners and multiple post-translational modifications including phosphorylation. In particular, a 5′-SXXXSXS-3′ motif of the protein represents the target of the IκB-related kinases, TANK-binding kinase (TBK)-1 and inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase (IKK)-ε. Here, a 3D model of human IRF-1 was determined by using multi-template comparative modeling and molecular dynamics approaches. Models obtained through either phosphorylation or aspartate mutation of residues 215, 219 and 221 were also calculated and compared to the wild type. Calculations indicated that each of these modifications mainly induces a rigidification of the protein structure and only slightly changes in electrostatics and hydrophobicity of IRF-1 surface, resulting in the impairment of the capacity of IRF-1 containing as partate mutations (S221D and S215D/S219D/S221D) to synergize with tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α stimulation in inducing interferon (IFN) promoter-mediated reporter gene activation. Therefore, these changes are qualitatively correlated to the amount of negative charge located on the 215–221 segments of IRF-1 by phosphorylation or aspartate mutation. Hypotheses on the structural mechanism that governs the phosphorylation-related damping of IRF-1 activity were also drawn. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Comparison of data characterizing the clinical effectiveness of the fluocinolone intravitreal implant (ILUVIEN) in patients with diabetic macular edema from the real world, non-interventional ICE-UK study and the FAME randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Holden, Sarah E.
name: Kapik, Barry
name: Beiderbeck, Annette B.
name: Currie, Craig J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objective: To compare the effectiveness and safety of the fluocinolone acetonide (FAc) intravitreal implant between the observational Iluvien Clinical Evidence study in the United Kingdom (ICE-UK) and the Fluocinolone Acetonide in Diabetic Macular Edema (FAME) randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in people with diabetic macular edema (DME). Clinical Trials Registration: NCT00344968. Methods: This study selected patients randomized to receive 0.2 µg/day FAc insert (FAc treated eyes) or sham injection (control eyes) from the FAME RCTs, and patients’ first FAc treated eye and non-FAc treated fellow (control) eye from the ICE-UK study. Outcomes included change in visual acuity (VA), central foveal thickness (CFT), and intraocular pressure (IOP). Results: After 12 months follow-up, mean change in VA was 5.0 letters improvement (p p = .003) in FAME FAc treated and control eyes, and 3.8 letters (p = .012) and –2.1 letters (p = .056) in ICE-UK FAc treated and control eyes, respectively. Mean change in CFT was –144 µm (p –72 µm (p –113 µm (p –13 µm (p Conclusions: Statistically significant improvements in VA 12 months after FAc implantation were observed in both the real-world study and in the RCTs. The improvement in VA and CFT in the RCTs was marginally greater than in the real-world study; however, recruits in the real-world study had more severe visual morbidity at baseline. Whilst there were many changes in the care of people with DME over this time, these data all support the value of treatment with FAc intravitreal implant.
Ground state properties and dynamics of the bilayer t-J model
Creators: name: Eder, R.
name: Ohta, Y.
name: Maekawa, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an exact diagonalization study of bilayer clusters of t-J model. Our results indicate a crossover between two markedly different regimes which occurs when the ratio J_perp/J between inter-layer and intra-layer exchange constants increases: for small J_perp/J the data suggest the development of 3D antiferromagnetic correlations without appreciable degradation of the intra-layer spin order and the d_(x2-y2) hole pairs within the planes persist. For larger values of J_perp/J local singlets along the inter-layer bonds dominate, leading to an almost complete suppression of the intra-layer spin correlation and the breaking of the intra-layer pairs. The ground state with two holes in this regime has s-like symmetry. The data suggest that the crossover may occur for values of J_perp/J as small as 0.2. We present data for static spin correlations, spin gap, and electron momentum distribution and spectral function of the `inter-layer RVB state' realized for large J_perp/J. The latter deviates from the single layer ground state, making it an implausible candidate for modelling high-temperature superconductors.
description: Revtex-file, 6 PRB pages, figures appended as uu-encoded postscript. Hardcopies of figures (or the entire manuscript) can be obtained by e-mailing to: eder@cracovia.phys.rug.nl
Measurement of Structure Dependent K^+ -> mu^+ nu gamma
Creators: name: E787 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first measurement of a structure dependent component in the decay K^+ -> mu^+ nu gamma. Using the kinematic region where the muon kinetic energy is greater than 137 MeV and the photon energy is greater than 90 MeV, we find that the absolute value of the sum of the vector and axial-vector form factors is |F_V+F_A| =0.165 \pm 0.007 \pm 0.011. This corresponds to a branching ratio of BR(SD^+) = (1.33 \pm 0.12 \pm 0.18) \times 10^{-5}. We also set the limit -0.04 < F_V-F_A < 0.24 at 90% c.l.
description: 13 pages, 4 Figures. To be submitted to PRL
Chaotic dynamics in the pulsation of DF Cygni, as observed by Kepler
Creators: name: Plachy, E.
name: Bódi, A.
name: Kolláth, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsations of RV Tauri-type variable stars can be governed by chaotic dynamics. However, observational evidence for this happening is usually hard to come by. Here we use the continuous, 4-year-long observations of the Kepler space telescope to search for the signs of chaos in the RVb-type pulsating supergiant, DF Cygni. We use the Global Flow Reconstruction method to estimate the quantitative properties of the dynamics driving the pulsations of the star. The secondary, long-term light variation, i.e., the RVb phenomenon was removed in the analysis with the Empirical Mode Decomposition method. Our analysis revealed that the pulsation of DF Cyg could be described as a chaotic signal with a Lyapunov dimension of ~2.8. DF Cyg is only the third RV Tau star, and the first of the RVb subtype, where the nonlinear analysis indicates that low-dimensional chaos may explain the peculiarities of the pulsation.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, accepted in MNRAS
Innervated adrenomedullary microphysiological system to model nicotine and opioid exposure
Creators: name: Soucy, Jonathan R.
name: Burchett, Gabriel
name: Brady, Ryan
name: Nichols, Kyla
name: Breault, David T.
name: Koppes, Abigail N.
name: Koppes, Ryan A.
Publisher: name: Health Research Alliance
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 400311
subject: Tissue engineering

description: Transition to extrauterine life results in a surge of catecholamines necessary for increased cardiovascular, respiratory,
and metabolic activity. Mechanisms mediating adrenomedullary catecholamine release are poorly
understood. Important mechanistic insight is provided by newborns delivered by cesarean section or subjected to
prenatal nicotine or opioid exposure, demonstrating impaired release of adrenomedullary catecholamines. To
investigate mechanisms regulating adrenomedullary innervation, we developed compartmentalized 3D microphysiological
systems (MPS) by exploiting GelPins, capillary pressure barriers between cell-laden hydrogels. The
MPS comprises discrete cultures of adrenal chromaffin cells and preganglionic sympathetic neurons within a
contiguous bioengineered microtissue. Using this model, we demonstrate that adrenal chromaffin innervation
plays a critical role in hypoxia-mediated catecholamine release. Opioids and nicotine were shown to affect adrenal
chromaffin cell response to a reduced oxygen environment, but neurogenic control mechanisms remained
intact. GelPin containing MPS represent an inexpensive and highly adaptable approach to study innervated organ
systems and improve drug screening platforms.
title: Open House
Creators: name: Gibbs, Tarah
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2013

description: Open House is a collection of short stories which explores the learning relationships between adults and children. Spanning gender and time, these stories depict the verities of the nature of children in conflict with the adult world. Each story recognizes that while emotional maturity may be the cornerstone of coming-of-age, grown-ups have just as much to learn from children.
title: Neufassung der Ordnung über den Zugang und die Zulassung für den Bachelorstudiengang „Mathematik" der Carl-Friedrich-Gauß-Fakultät der Technischen Universität Braunschweig
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig Fakultät 1
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 1561
Emergent behaviors of the Cucker-Smale ensemble under attractive-repulsive couplings and Rayleigh frictions
Creators: name: Fang, Di
name: Ha, Seung-Yeal
name: Jin, Shi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we revisit an interaction problem of two homogeneous Cucker-Smale (in short C-S) ensembles with attractive-repulsive couplings, possibly under the effect of Rayleigh friction, and study three sufficient frameworks leading to bi-cluster flocking in which two sub-ensembles evolve to two-clusters departing from each other. In previous literature, the interaction problem has been studied in the context of attractive couplings. In our interaction problem, inter-ensemble and intra-ensemble couplings are assumed to be repulsive and attractive respectively. When the Rayleigh frictional forces are turned on, we show that the total kinetic energy is uniformly bounded so that spatially mixed initial configurations evolve toward the bi-cluster configuration asymptotically fast under some suitable conditions on system parameters, communication weight functions and initial configurations. In contrast, when Rayleigh frictional forces are turned off, the flocking analysis is more delicate mainly due to the possibility of an exponential growth of the kinetic energy. In this case, we employ two mutually disjoint frameworks with constant inter-ensemble communication function and exponentially localized inter-ensemble communication functions respectively, and prove the bi-clustering phenomenon in both cases. This work extends the previous work on the interaction problem of C-S ensembles. We also conduct several numerical experiments and compare them with our theoretical results.
Vortices and confinement at weak coupling
Creators: name: Kovacs, Tamas G.
name: Tomboulis, E. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the physical picture of thick vortices as the mechanism responsible for confinement at arbitrarily weak coupling in SU(2) gauge theory. By introducing appropriate variables on the lattice we distinguish between thin, thick and `hybrid' vortices, the latter involving Z(2) monopole loop boundaries. We present numerical lattice simulation results that demonstrate that the full SU(2) string tension at weak coupling arises from the presence of vortices linked to the Wilson loop. Conversely, excluding linked vortices eliminates the confining potential. The numerical results are stable under alternate choice of lattice action as well as a smoothing procedure which removes short distance fluctuations while preserving long distance physics.
description: 21 pages, LaTeX