cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Migrationsethik in der Krise. Einige grundlegende philosophische Überlegungen
Creators: name: Niederberger, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Migrationsforschung
Year: 2021

description: Diskussionen über Migration, aber auch deren Erforschung sind auf vielfältige Weise von Wertungen und normativen Urteilen bestimmt, die nur selten selbst in den Blick genommen werden. Eine der Aufgaben der Philosophie besteht genau in solchen Untersuchungen, weshalb die philosophische Migrationsethik danach strebt, Grundlagen für entsprechende Wertungen und Urteile zu identifizieren. Hierbei stehen aktuell liberale Theorien, die über den Vorrang eines Menschenrechts auf Bewegungsfreiheit oder eines solchen auf Vereinigungsfreiheit debattieren, Ansätzen gegenüber, die normative Bezugspunkte über existierende rechtliche Regelungen, gesellschaftliche Selbstverständnisse oder die Klärung konkreter Streitfragen im Flüchtlingsbereich gewinnen wollen. Dieser Artikel diskutiert und kritisiert diese Varianten der Migrationsethik und setzt ihnen ein Modell entgegen, das die derzeit kontrovers betrachtete Migration als Ausdruck einer globalen Legitimitäts- und Gerechtigkeitskrise versteht. Dieser Migrationsethik zufolge müssen normative Referenzpunkte bei Überlegungen gesucht werden, die nach Pflichten und Rechten angesichts des absehbaren Nichterreichens sehr viel legitimerer und gerechterer Verhältnisse fragen. The Ethics of Migration in Crisis. Some Philosophical Thoughts Valuations and normative judgements are important in many respects for discussions about and also research on migration, but only rarely these valuations and judgments are considered themselves. One of the tasks of philosophy consists precisely in such investigations, which is why the philosophical ethics of migration strives to identify the normative foundations for the evaluations and judgements in question. At present, there are liberal theories that debate the primacy of a human right to freedom of movement or a human right to freedom of association, and approaches that seek to gain normative reference points in legal regulations, self-understandings of societies, or responses to concrete controversial issues with regard to the allocation of responsibility for refugees. This article discusses and criticizes these forms of migration ethics and contrasts them with a model that understands migration, which is currently regarded as controversial, as an expression of a global crisis of legitimacy and justice. According to this ethics of migration, normative reference points must be sought in considerations that ask for duties and rights in view of the foreseeable failure to achieve much more legitimate and just conditions in the near future.
description: Zeitschrift für Migrationsforschung, Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2021): Stand, Herausforderungen und Perspektiven der Migrationsforschung
INTEGRAL limits on past high-energy activity from FRB 20200120E in M81
Creators: name: Mereghetti, Sandro
name: Topinka, Martin
name: Rigoselli, Michela
name: Gotz, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The repeating fast radio burst FRB 20200120E is located in a globular cluster belonging to the nearby M81 galaxy. Its small distance (3.6 Mpc) and accurate localization make it an interesting target to search for bursting activity at high energies. From November 2003 to September 2021, the INTEGRAL satellite has obtained an exposure time of 18 Ms on the M81 sky region. We used these data to search for hard X-ray bursts from FRB 20200120E using the IBIS/ISGRI instrument, without finding any significant candidate, down to an average fluence limit of $\sim10^{-8}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ (20-200 keV). The corresponding limit on the isotropic luminosity for a burst of duration $Δt$ is $\sim10^{45} \left ( \frac{10~ms}{Δt} \right )$ erg s$^{-1}$, the deepest limit obtained for an extragalactic FRB in the hard X-ray range. This rules out the emission of powerful flares at a rate higher than 0.1 yr$^{-1}$ that could be expected in models invoking young hyper-active magnetars.
description: Accepted for publication on The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Producing type Ia supernovae from hybrid CONe white dwarfs with main-sequence binary companions at low metallicity of Z = 0.0001
Creators: name: Guo, Boyang
name: Meng, Xiangcun
name: Tian, Zhijia
name: Luo, Jingxiao
name: Liu, Zhengwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of progenitors of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) and their explosion mechanism remain unclear. It has been suggested that SNe Ia may be resulted from thermonuclear explosions of hybrid carbon-oxygen-neon white dwarfs(CONe WDs) when they grow in mass to approach the Chandrasekhar mass limit by accreting matter from a binary main-sequence (MS) companion. In this work, we combine the results of detailed binary evolution calculations with population synthesis models to investigate the rates and delay times of SNe Ia in the CONe WD + MS channel at low metallicity environment of Z = 0.0001. For a constant star formation rate of 5 M_sun yr-1, our calculations predict that the SN Ia rates in the CONe WD + MS channel at low metallicity of Z = 0.0001 is about 0.11 - 3.89 * 10-4 yr-1. In addition,delay times in this channel cover a wide range of 0.05 - 2.5 Gyr. We further compare our results to those given by previous study for the CONe WD + MS channel with higher metallicity of Z = 0.02 to explore the influence of metallicity on the results. We find that these two metallicity environments give a slight difference in rates and delay times of SNe Ia from the CONe WD + MS channel, although SNe Ia produced at low metallicity environment of Z = 0.0001 have relatively longer delay times.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures
Dream and reality among five North American Indian peoples : an examination of the literature
Creators: name: Gould, Sheila Arlene
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis consists of an examination of fifteen anthropological dream studies. Its contention is that in these studies, the dream complexes of the Navaho, Mohave, Hopi, Iroquois and Ojibwa Indians tend to appear as manifestations of these peoples' conceptions about the distinction between real and imaginary experiences. It is suggested that this portrayal is transmitted through a language of description which is based on western theoretical conceptions of reality. It is recommended that a metalanguage be developed so that non-western experiences of dream and other psychological phenomena can be communicated as ' real' experiences.
Konturen einer Moralsoziologie der Migrationsgesellschaft
Creators: name: Nieswand, Boris
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Migrationsforschung
Year: 2021

description: Der Artikel entwickelt in einem ersten Schritt ein Begriffsrepertoire zur Analyse der moralischen Dimension migrationsgesellschaftlicher Diskurse. In diesem Kontext wird argumentiert, dass in sozialwissenschaftlichem Wissen enthaltene moralische Bewertungen sich graduell, aber nicht fundamental von anderen Formen der Moralisierung unterscheiden. In einem zweiten Schritt wird der Diskurs des Integrationismus innerhalb eines moralsoziologischen Rahmens analysiert. Als moralisch-politische Rechtfertigungsordnung entfaltet der Integrationismus seine Wirkung insbesondere dadurch, dass er die Grenzen zwischen Alltagsleben, Politik und Sozialwissenschaften überspannt. In der Analyse integrationistischer Diskurse und Praktiken in Baden-Württemberg zeigen sich vor allem vier Merkmale. Der Integrationismus (a) legitimiert Personalisierungen und Essentialisierungen von moralischen Urteilen über Migrant*innen, (b) schreibt einerseits Machtunterschiede zwischen Eingesessenen und Zugewanderten fest und fordert sie andererseits heraus, (c) vermittelt zwischen konkreten Ereignissen und allgemeinen moralischen Schlussfolgerungen und (d) erlaubt im Kontext migrationspolitischer Debatten ein Changieren zwischen Rationalisierung und Emotionalisierung. Towards a Moral Sociology of Migration The article proposes an analytical framework for studying and theorizing the moral dimension of representations of migrants and migrations. It is argued that social science knowledge contains moral ideas that differ gradually but not fundamentally from other forms of moralization. In a further step, the article develops the notion of integrationism and analyses it within the proposed analytical framework. As a moral-political order of justification, integrationism unfolds its efficacy by spanning the boundaries between everyday life, politics and the social sciences. The empirical analysis of integrationism in Baden-Württemberg demonstrates that it (a) practically legitimizes personalizations and essentializations of moral judgements about migrants, (b) allows both for reinforcing power imbalances between residents and migrant newcomers and for challenging them, (c) provides an interpretative device for the generalization of moral conclusions drawn from specific events, and (d) oscillates between rationalization and emotionalization.
description: Zeitschrift für Migrationsforschung, Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2021): Stand, Herausforderungen und Perspektiven der Migrationsforschung
Progress in the Understanding of the Fluctuating Lattice Boltzmann Equation
Creators: name: Duenweg, Burkhard
name: Schiller, Ulf D.
name: Ladd, Anthony J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a brief account of the development of methods to include thermal fluctuations into lattice Boltzmann algorithms. Emphasis is put on our recent work (Phys. Rev. E 76, 036704 (2007)) which provides a clear understanding in terms of statistical mechanics.
description: Conference paper for CCP 2008, submitted to Computer Physics Communications
Entwicklung unternehmerischer Universitäten - Am Beispiel der Erneuerbaren Energien an der Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg
Creators: name: Best, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Entrepreneurial University
Triple Helix
Mode 2
Renewable Energies

description: Bachelor of Arts Thesis, published in 2009 by the Jean Monnet Centre for Europeanisation and Transnational Regulations Oldenburg.

Mit dem Konzept der unternehmerischen Universitäten hat Henry Etzkowitz eine Möglichkeit zur Institutionalisierung anwendungsorientierter Formen der Wis‐ senserzeugung entwickelt. Darin wird die traditionsreiche Trennung zwischen Forschung und Lehre überwunden und durch das Element der Praxis ergänzt. Anhand theorieorientierter qualitativer Untersuchungen werden in dieser Arbeit Entwicklungstendenzen in Richtung einer unternehmerischen Universität am Standort Oldenburg rekonstruiert. 

With the concept of entrepreneurial universities, Henry Etzkowitz shaped the op‐ portunity of institutionalizing application‐oriented forms of production of knowledge. It in‐ volves overcoming the separation of education and research as well as adding the element of entrepreneurship. In this investigation, tendencies of a development towards an entre‐ preneurial university can be reconstructed using the example of the University of Oldenburd.

Also available under http://www.cetro.uni-oldenburg.de/download/Best_2009_Entwicklung_unternehmerischer_Universitaeten.pdf
Gender in Migration Studies: From Feminist Legacies to Intersectional, Post- and Decolonial Prospects
Creators: name: Lutz, Helma
name: Amelina, Anna
Publisher: name: Journal of Migration Studies
Year: 2021

description: The figure of the female migrant has been a major focus of feminist thought in the German-speaking migration studies since the early 1980s. The article provides some reflections on the past to show how a number of milestones in feminist thought have influenced migration studies. It then continues with reflections on the present stance that analyses the dominant (re)production of (post-)migration realities as a gendered, ethnicized/racialized and classrelated project(s). Finally, the article concludes with a discussion of the prospects of gender-sensitive migration research in relation to postcolonial, decolonial and queer approaches to migrant othering. Geschlechterverhältnisse in der Migrationsforschung: Von der feministischen Theorie zu intersektionellen, post- und dekolonialen Ansätzen Die Figur der Migrant*in ist seit Anfang der 1980er Jahre ein Schwerpunkt des feministischen Denkens in der deutschsprachigen Migrationsforschung. Der Aufsatz beginnt mit einem Rückblick und gewährt Einblicke in die Meilensteine feministischer Theorien, die die Migrationsstudien beeinflusst haben. Anschließend werden aktuelle Forschungsperspektiven in diesem Bereich vorgestellt. Insbesondere wird betont, dass die gesellschaftliche (Re-)Produktion von (Post-)Migrationsrealitäten als geschlechtsspezifische, ethnisierte/rassifizierte und klassenbezogene Prozesse zu analysieren sind. Der Aufsatz schließt mit der Darstellung der postkolonialen, dekolonialen und queeren Ansätze zur geschlechtersensiblen Analyse von gesellschaftlichen Othering-Prozessen in der Migrationsgesellschaft.
description: Journal of Migration Studies, Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2021): Stand, Herausforderungen und Perspektiven der Migrationsforschung
On the evaluation of research software: the CDUR procedure
Creators: name: Gomez-Diaz, Teresa
name: Recio, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background: Evaluation of the quality of research software is a challenging and relevant issue, still not sufficiently addressed by the scientific community. Methods: Our contribution begins by defining, precisely but widely enough, the notions of research software and of its authors followed by a study of the evaluation issues, as the basis for the proposition of a sound assessment protocol: the CDUR procedure. Results: CDUR comprises four steps introduced as follows: Citation, to deal with correct RS identification, Dissemination, to measure good dissemination practices, Use, devoted to the evaluation of usability aspects, and Research, to assess the impact of the scientific work. Conclusions: Some conclusions and recommendations are finally included. The evaluation of research is the keystone to boost the evolution of the Open Science policies and practices. It is as well our belief that research software evaluation is a fundamental step to induce better research software practices and, thus, a step towards more efficient science.
Asymmetry in earthquake interevent time intervals
Creators: name: Zhang, Yongwen
name: Ashkenazy, Yosef
name: Havlin, Shlomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we focus on a basic statistical measure of earthquake catalogs that has not been studied before, the asymmetry of interevent time series (e.g., reflecting the tendency to have more aftershocks than spontaneous earthquakes). We define the asymmetry metric as the ratio between the number of positive interevent time increments minus negative increments and the total (positive plus negative) number of increments. Such asymmetry commonly exists in time series data for non-linear geophysical systems like river flow which decays slowly and increases rapidly. We find that earthquake interevent time series are significantly asymmetric, where the asymmetry function exhibits a significant crossover to weak asymmetry at large lag-index. We suggest that the Omori law can be associated with the large asymmetry at short time intervals below the crossover whereas overlapping aftershock sequences and the spontaneous events can be associated with a fast decay of asymmetry above the crossover. We show that the asymmetry is better reproduced by a recently modified ETAS model with two triggering processes in comparison to the standard ETAS model which only has one.
A critical review of the evidence for M32 being a compact dwarf satellite of M31 rather than a more distant normal galaxy
Creators: name: Young, C. K. S.
name: Currie, M. J.
name: Dickens, R. J.
name: Luo, A. L.
name: Zhang, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since Baade's photographic study of M32 in the mid 1940s, it has been accepted as an established fact that M32 is a compact dwarf satellite of M31. The purpose of this paper is to report on the findings of our investigation into the nature of the existing evidence. We find that the case for M32 being a satellite of M31 rests upon Hubble Space Telescope (HST) based stellar population studies which have resolved red-giant branch (RGB) and red clump stars in M32 as well as other nearby galaxies. Taken in isolation, this recent evidence could be considered to be conclusive in favour of the existing view. However, the conventional scenario does not explain M32's anomalously high central velocity dispersion for a dwarf galaxy (several times that of either NGC 147, NGC 185 or NGC 205) or existing planetary nebula observations (which suggest that M32 is more than twice as distant as M31) and also requires an elaborate physical explanation for M32's inferred compactness. Conversely, we find that the case for M32 being a normal galaxy, of the order of three times as distant as M31, is supported by: (1) a central velocity dispersion typical of intermediate galaxies, (2) the published planetary nebula observations, and (3) known scaling relationships for normal early-type galaxies. However, this novel scenario cannot account for the high apparent luminosities of the RGB stars resolved in the M32 direction by HST observations. We are therefore left with two apparently irreconcilable scenarios, only one of which can be correct, but both of which suffer from potentially fatal evidence to the contrary. This suggests that current understanding of some relevant fields is still very far from adequate.
description: 17 pages, 3 Postscript figures, uses cjaa.cls and natbib.sty (published version has 16 pages)
Small-scale variability of particulate matter and perception of air quality in an inner-city recreational area in Aachen, Germany
Creators: name: Paas, Bastian
name: Schmidt, Teresa
name: Markova, Stanimira
name: Maras, Isabell
name: Ziefle, Martina
name: Schneider, Christoph
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: particulate matter
subject: micro-scale
subject: air quality perception
subject: vehicle emissions
subject: dispersion modelling
subject: Austal2000
subject: recreational area
subject: environmental pollution
subject: personal exposure
subject: 550 Geowissenschaften

description: Spatial micro-scale variability of particle mass concentrations is an important criterion for urban air quality assessment. In this study we present results from detailed spatio-temporal measurements in the urban roughness layer along with a survey to determine perceptions of citizens regarding air quality in an inner city park in Aachen, Germany. Particles were sampled with two different approaches in February, May, July and September 2014 using an optical particle counter at six fixed measurement locations, representing different degrees of outdoor particle exposure that can be experienced by a pedestrian walking in an intra-urban recreational area. A simulation of aerosol emissions induced by road traffic was conducted using the German reference dispersion model Austal2000. The mobile measurements revealed unexpected details in the distribution of urban particles with highest mean concentrations of PM(1;10) inside the green area 100 m away from bus routes (arithmetic mean: 22.5 μg m−3 and 18.9 μg m−3; geometric mean: 9.3 μg m−3 and 6.5 μg m−3), whereas measurement sites in close proximity to traffic lines showed far lower mean values (arithmetic mean: 7.5 μg m−3 and 8.7 μg m−3; geometric mean: 5.8 μg m−3 and 6.5 μg m−3). Concerning simulation results, motor traffic is still proved to be an important aerosol source in the area, although the corresponding concentrations declined rapidly as the distances to the line sources increased. Further analysis leads to the assumption that particularly coarse particles were emitted through diffuse sources e.g. on the ability of surfaces to release particles by resuspension which were dominantly apparent in measured PM(1;10) and PM(0.25;10) data. The contribution of diffuse particle sources and urban background transport to local PM(0.25;10) concentrations inside the green area were quantified to be up to 17.9 μg m−3. The analysis of perception related experiments demonstrate that particle concentrations in form of PM(0.25;10) were inconsistent with park user opinions regarding perception of air quality. At least in investigated concentration magnitudes there proved to be no connection between user assessment and physical values at all.
An Approach to Reducing Annotation Costs for BioNLP
Creators: name: Bloodgood, Michael
name: Vijay-Shanker, K
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2008
Subjects: computer science
statistical methods
artificial intelligence
machine learning
computational linguistics
natural language processing
human language technology
text processing
active learning
selective sampling
query learning
annotation bottleneck
annotation costs
support vector machines
SVMs
cost-weighted support vector machines
cost-weighted SVMs
imbalanced data
imbalanced datasets
asymmetric cost factors
asymmetric cost weights
cost-sensitive learning
cost-sensitive active learning
imbalanced learning
BioNLP
biomedical natural language processing
biomedical text processing
protein-protein interaction extraction
Medline text classification
biomedical named entity recognition
biomedical NER
biomedical named entity classification

description: There is a broad range of BioNLP tasks for which active learning (AL) can significantly reduce annotation costs and a specific AL algorithm we have developed is particularly effective in reducing annotation costs for these tasks. We have previously developed an AL algorithm called ClosestInitPA that works best with tasks that have the following characteristics: redundancy in training material, burdensome annotation costs, Support Vector Machines (SVMs) work well for the task, and imbalanced datasets (i.e. when set up as a binary classification problem, one class is substantially rarer than the other). Many BioNLP tasks have these characteristics and thus our AL algorithm is a natural approach to apply to BioNLP tasks.
Giant formation rates of ultracold molecules via Feshbach Optimized Photoassociation
Creators: name: Pellegrini, Philippe
name: Gacesa, Marko
name: Côté, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold molecules offer a broad variety of applications, ranging from metrology to quantum computing. However, forming "real" ultracold molecules, {\it i.e.} in deeply bound levels, is a very difficult proposition. Here, we show how photoassociation in the vicinity of a Feshbach resonance enhance molecular formation rates by several orders of magnitude. We illustrate this effect in heteronuclear systems, and find giant rate coefficients even in deeply bound levels. We also give a simple analytical expression for the photoassociation rates, and discuss future applications of the Feshbach Optimized Photoassociation, or FOPA, technique.
Mobilität in turbulenten Zeiten: Herausforderungen gegenwärtiger gesellschaftlicher Transformationen
Creators: name: D'Amato, Gianni
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Migrationsforschung
Year: 2021

description: Ausgehend von gegenwärtigen gesellschaftlichen Herausforderungen sollen verschiedene Theorieansätze diskutiert werden, die die Verschiebung von der Migrations- zur Mobilitätsforschung skizzieren. Durch die Globalisierung ist ein lang anhaltendes Gleichgewicht aufgebrochen, das neue Akteure in Erscheinung treten lässt, wodurch Fragen menschlicher Mobilität neu strukturiert werden. Insbesondere die Würdigkeit, zum geschützten Kern moderner Gesellschaften gerechnet zu werden, schichtet die Gesellschaft neu und bestimmt somit den Wert sozialen Zusammenhalts. Von Ausschluss bedroht, nimmt die Spaltung der Gesellschaft über Parteigrenzen hinweg in Kosmopoliten und Kommunitaristen zu. Ein anderer Blick auf die Einwanderungsgesellschaft tut deshalb Not, der die Gegenwart und dessen Dramatik neu denkt. Mobility in Times of Turbulence: Challenges of Current Societal Transformations Based on current societal challenges, different theoretical approaches will be discussed outlining the shift from migration to mobility research. Globalization has broken a long lasting equilibrium, which has led to the emergence of new actors and restructured questions of human mobility. In particular, the qualification to deserve being part of the protected core of modern societies is stratifying our communities and thus determining the value of social cohesion. Threatened by exclusion, the division of society across party lines into cosmopolitans and communitarians is increasing. A different view on migration societies is therefore needed, able to rethink the present in a dramatic new way.
description: Zeitschrift für Migrationsforschung, Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2021): Stand, Herausforderungen und Perspektiven der Migrationsforschung
EUCoM Seminars (National) - Polish session, 2021-09-17
Creators: name: Władysław Jakubiec
name: Płowucha, Wojciech
name: Paweł Rosner
name: Mirosław  Wojtyła
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: CMM
uncertainty evaluation
dimensional metrology
new standards

description: The EUCoM seminars present and disseminate the results of the EUCoM project. They are made of two sessions: a Plenary session in English, where the core is presented, and a National session in local tongue (of those nations participating in the project), where the experience gathered by the partner(s) from that nation is shared. Due to the timing, the results are not yet definitive, but are developed enough to delineate the core. Here presentations of the Polish session follow
description: EMPIR Grant Agreement 17NRM03 EUCoM - This project has received funding from the EMPIR programme co-financed by the Participating States and from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme.
Barn at Cove Hollow Farm, Georgica Road
Creators: name: Weber, Harvey A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1970
Subjects: Photographs
Photos
Historic buildings
East Hampton
Structures
Dwellings
Barns
Farms

description: This images is of a barn at Cove Hollow Farm located on Georgica Road in East Hampton. This image was taken by photographer Harvey A. Weber (1917-1991) and is part of the East Hampton’s Heritage Photo Collection.
description: Images within East Hampton Heritage Photo Collection seem to have been taken or collected in relation to the East Hampton Heritage project, but not all of them were included in the final publication. Several photographer are included in this collection.
Die transnationalisierte soziale Frage: Migration und soziale Ungleichheit
Creators: name: Faist, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Migrationsforschung
Year: 2021

description: Die soziale Frage ist zurück. Jedoch geht es bei der sozialen Frage der Gegenwart nicht mehr nur um den Konflikt zwischen Arbeit und Kapital, so wie noch im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert. Die heutige soziale Frage kommt räumlich im Gegensatz von globalem Süden und dem globalen Norden zum Ausdruck. Ein wichtiges Feld ist die Migration bzw. Flucht von Menschen, die ein besseres Leben suchen oder die aus bedrückenden und repressiven politischen, ökonomischen und ökologischen Bedingungen fliehen. Die soziale Frage ist transnationalisiert, weil Kapital und politische Herrschaft staatliche Grenzen überschreiten, weil Migrant*innen und ihre Angehörigen grenzüberschreitende Verbindungen zwischen Nationalstaaten in transnationalen sozialen Räumen unterhalten; und weil Migration Auswirkungen auf soziale Ungleichheiten zwischen globalem Süden und globalem Norden und innerhalb der jeweiligen Nationalstaaten hat. In früheren Zeiten haben Klassenunterschiede politische Konflikte dominiert. Obwohl Klasse schon immer mit einer Vielzahl an anderen Heterogenitäten interagierte, nicht zuletzt von kulturellen Konflikten rund um Ethnizität, Religion und Sprache, sind es diese kulturellen Heterogenitäten, die in den letzten Jahrzehnten für soziale Positionen und Lebensverhältnisse, aber auch für politische Auseinandersetzungen wichtiger geworden sind. Somit skizziert dieser Beitrag grenzübergreifende Migration als ein strategisches Forschungsfeld für die gegenwärtige soziale Frage. The Transnationalized Social Question: Migration and Social Inequalities The social question is back. Yet, today’s social question is not primarily between labor and capital, as it was in the nineteenth century and throughout much of the twentieth. The contemporary social question is located at the interstices between the global South and the global North. It finds its expression in movements of people, seeking a better life or fleeing unsustainable social, political, economic, and ecological conditions. It is transnationalized because migrants and their significant others entertain ties across the borders of national states in transnational social spaces; because of the cross-border diffusion of norms; and because there are implications of migration for social inequalities between North and South, and within national states. In earlier periods, class differences dominated political conflicts, and while class has always been criss-crossed by manifold heterogeneities, not least of all cultural ones around ethnicity, religion, and language, it is these latter heterogeneities that have sharpened over the past decades. This contribution thus constitutes cross-border migration as a strategic research site for the contemporary social question.
description: Zeitschrift für Migrationsforschung, Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2021): Stand, Herausforderungen und Perspektiven der Migrationsforschung
Dynamic Initialization for LiDAR-inertial SLAM
Creators: name: Xu, Jie
name: Ma, Yongxin
name: Li, Yixuan
name: Zhang, Xuanxuan
name: Zhou, Jun
name: Yuan, Shenghai
name: Xie, Lihua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The accuracy of the initial state, including initial velocity, gravity direction, and IMU biases, is critical for the initialization of LiDAR-inertial SLAM systems. Inaccurate initial values can reduce initialization speed or lead to failure. When the system faces urgent tasks, robust and fast initialization is required while the robot is moving, such as during the swift assessment of rescue environments after natural disasters, bomb disposal, and restarting LiDAR-inertial SLAM in rescue missions. However, existing initialization methods usually require the platform to remain stationary, which is ineffective when the robot is in motion. To address this issue, this paper introduces a robust and fast dynamic initialization method for LiDAR-inertial systems (D-LI-Init). This method iteratively aligns LiDAR-based odometry with IMU measurements to achieve system initialization. To enhance the reliability of the LiDAR odometry module, the LiDAR and gyroscope are tightly integrated within the ESIKF framework. The gyroscope compensates for rotational distortion in the point cloud. Translational distortion compensation occurs during the iterative update phase, resulting in the output of LiDAR-gyroscope odometry. The proposed method can initialize the system no matter the robot is moving or stationary. Experiments on public datasets and real-world environments demonstrate that the D-LI-Init algorithm can effectively serve various platforms, including vehicles, handheld devices, and UAVs. D-LI-Init completes dynamic initialization regardless of specific motion patterns. To benefit the research community, we have open-sourced our code and test datasets on GitHub.
description: Accepted by IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics
BiSeg-SAM: Weakly-Supervised Post-Processing Framework for Boosting Binary Segmentation in Segment Anything Models
Creators: name: Su, Encheng
name: Cao, Hu
name: Knoll, Alois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurate segmentation of polyps and skin lesions is essential for diagnosing colorectal and skin cancers. While various segmentation methods for polyps and skin lesions using fully supervised deep learning techniques have been developed, the pixel-level annotation of medical images by doctors is both time-consuming and costly. Foundational vision models like the Segment Anything Model (SAM) have demonstrated superior performance; however, directly applying SAM to medical segmentation may not yield satisfactory results due to the lack of domain-specific medical knowledge. In this paper, we propose BiSeg-SAM, a SAM-guided weakly supervised prompting and boundary refinement network for the segmentation of polyps and skin lesions. Specifically, we fine-tune SAM combined with a CNN module to learn local features. We introduce a WeakBox with two functions: automatically generating box prompts for the SAM model and using our proposed Multi-choice Mask-to-Box (MM2B) transformation for rough mask-to-box conversion, addressing the mismatch between coarse labels and precise predictions. Additionally, we apply scale consistency (SC) loss for prediction scale alignment. Our DetailRefine module enhances boundary precision and segmentation accuracy by refining coarse predictions using a limited amount of ground truth labels. This comprehensive approach enables BiSeg-SAM to achieve excellent multi-task segmentation performance. Our method demonstrates significant superiority over state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods when tested on five polyp datasets and one skin cancer dataset.
description: 2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine (BIBM)
Minority politics in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Kabir, Muhammad Ghulam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The partitioning of India in 1947 along religious lines left a large minority community in both India and, Pakistan. The purpose of this study is to examine politics of the Hindu minority in East Bengal from independence in 1947 to the emergence of Bangladesh in 1971. Two hypotheses have been examined in the course of this study. Firstly, it is hypothesized that when a previously dominant community is thrown into a minority position, its leaders' attempt to reconcile the community with the existing situation and attempt political readjustment involving compromises. The corollary hypothesis is that the achievement of the goals of the minority is dependent on the attitude and the internal cohesion of the dominant community. The evidences we find from this study show that the Hindu minority in East Bengal made compromises in its stand on issues such as (1) a secular-democratic constitution, (2) Islamic nomenclature of the republic, and (3) reservation of the office of the head of state for Muslims. However, they fought to establish a joint electorate system. They were successful in attaining this goal only with the division of the Muslim political parties in East Bengal, and later with the estrangement of the Muslims in East and West Pakistan.
Tinnitus, lucid dreaming and awakening. An online survey and theoretical implications
Creators: name: Guillard, Robin
name: Dauman, Nicolas
name: Cadix, Aurélien
name: Linck, Charlotte Glabasnia
name: Congedo, Marco
name: de Ridder, Dirk
name: Londero, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: (1) Background: Tinnitus is the perception of phantom sound in the absence of a corresponding external source. Previous studies reported that the presence of tinnitus is notably absent during dreams. This study aimed at replicating previous findings regarding tinnitus-free dreams, while also gaining a deeper understanding of tinnitus manifestations during dreams and after awakening. (2) Methods: For this observational study, 195 tinnitus patients answered an online survey on the mutual-help community Siopi. (3) Results: 160 patients could recall their dreams. Among them, 92.5% state they do not hear their tinnitus while dreaming. The rest (7.5%) report higher tinnitus burden, higher stress and more often exhibit objective tinnitus and/or tinnitus related to peripheral auditory pathology and/or drug intake. 13% of the participants frequently experience lucid dreams. Among them, 36% could perceive their tinnitus during lucid dreams, and this was strongly associated with the concomitant perception of external sounds during lucid dreaming. While the majority of patients report perceiving their tinnitus instantly upon awakening, during nocturnal awakenings, 18% declared they could be awakened by their tinnitus and 9.8% mentioned that their tinnitus can temporarily cease. (4) Conclusions: Our findings confirm the previous findings: tinnitus is rarely perceived during dreams. Remarkably, our study is the first to document the case of tinnitus during lucid dreaming. 64% of these patients gain higher-order consciousness attributes while still experiencing a tinnitus-free state. Our observations suggest that the presence or absence of gating of external auditory information during dreams acts as a tinnitus on-off switch, refining the previously proposed integrative model of auditory phantom perception.
Stratifying triangulated categories
Creators: name: Benson, Dave
name: Iyengar, Srikanth B.
name: Krause, Henning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18G99 (primary), 13D45, 18E30, 20J06, 55P42 (secondary)

description: A notion of stratification is introduced for any compactly generated triangulated category T endowed with an action of a graded commutative noetherian ring R. The utility of this notion is demonstrated by establishing diverse consequences which follow when T is stratified by R. Among them are a classification of the localizing subcategories of T in terms of subsets of the set of prime ideals in R; a classification of the thick subcategories of the subcategory of compact objects in T; and results concerning the support of the R-module of homomorphisms Hom_T^*(C,D) leading to an analogue of the tensor product theorem for support varieties of modular representation of groups.
description: 25 pages; this version corrects some minor errors in the earlier one. This article has been accepted for publication in the Journal of Topology
MGH: Metadata Guided Hypergraph Modeling for Unsupervised Person Re-identification
Creators: name: Wu, Yiming
name: Wu, Xintian
name: Li, Xi
name: Tian, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.5.4

description: As a challenging task, unsupervised person ReID aims to match the same identity with query images which does not require any labeled information. In general, most existing approaches focus on the visual cues only, leaving potentially valuable auxiliary metadata information (e.g., spatio-temporal context) unexplored. In the real world, such metadata is normally available alongside captured images, and thus plays an important role in separating several hard ReID matches. With this motivation in mind, we propose~\textbf{MGH}, a novel unsupervised person ReID approach that uses meta information to construct a hypergraph for feature learning and label refinement. In principle, the hypergraph is composed of camera-topology-aware hyperedges, which can model the heterogeneous data correlations across cameras. Taking advantage of label propagation on the hypergraph, the proposed approach is able to effectively refine the ReID results, such as correcting the wrong labels or smoothing the noisy labels. Given the refined results, We further present a memory-based listwise loss to directly optimize the average precision in an approximate manner. Extensive experiments on three benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach against the state-of-the-art.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
A complete lift for semisprays
Creators: name: Bucataru, Ioan
name: Dahl, Matias F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C22, 58E10, 70H35, 70G45

description: In this paper, we define a complete lift for semisprays. If $S$ is a semispray on a manifold $M$, its complete lift is a new semispray $S^c$ on $TM$. The motivation for this lift is two-fold: First, geodesics for $S^c$ correspond to the Jacobi fields for $S$, and second, this complete lift generalizes and unifies previously known complete lifts for Riemannian metrics, affine connections, and regular Lagrangians. When $S$ is a spray, we prove that the projective geometry of $S^c$ uniquely determines $S$. We also study how symmetries and constants of motions for $S$ lift into symmetries and constants of motions for $S^c$.
Lignin-derived ionic conducting membranes for low-grade thermal energy harvesting
Creators: name: Muddasar, Muhammad
name: Ali Nasiri, Mohammad
name: Cantarero, Andres
name: Gómez, Clara
name: Culebras, Mario
name: COLLINS, MAURICE
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: Wood-based ionic conductive membranes have emerged as a new paradigm for low-grade thermal energy harvesting applications due to their unique and tailorable structures. Herein, a lignin-derive dionic conducting membrane with hierarchical aligned channels is synthesized via a double network crosslinking approach. Their excellent thermal stability and superior swelling ratio allow their optimization as low-grade heat recovery technologies. Several vertically aligned nanoscale confinements are found in the synthesized membranes, contributing toward enhanced ionic diffusion. Among all the combinations, the membrane comprising69.2 wt.% of lignin and infiltrated with 0.5 m KOH exhibits an exceptional ionic figure of merit (ZTi) of 0.25, relatively higher ionic conductivity(51.5 mS cm‒1), lower thermal conductivity(0.195 W m‒1·K), and a remarkable ionic See beck co-efficient of 5.71 mV K‒1 under the application of an axial temperature gradient. A numerical model is also utilized to evaluate the veracity of experimental observations and to gain a better understanding of the fundamental mechanisms involved in attaining such values. These results display the potential of lignin-based membranes for future thermal energy harvesting applications and are a new facet in thermoelectric energy conversion which is certain to pave the way for further investigations on sustainable ionic conductive membranes.
Flat-floor bubbles, dark solitons, and vortices stabilized by inhomogeneous nonlinear media
Creators: name: Zeng, Liangwei
name: Malomed, Boris A.
name: Mihalache, Dumitru
name: Cai, Yi
name: Lu, Xiaowei
name: Zhu, Qifan
name: Li, Jingzhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider one- and two-dimensional (1D and 2D) optical or matter-wave media with a maximum of the local self-repulsion strength at the center, and a minimum at periphery. If the central area is broad enough, it supports ground states in the form of flat-floor \textquotedblleft bubbles", and topological excitations, in the form of dark solitons in 1D and vortices with winding number $m$ in 2D. Unlike bright solitons, delocalized bubbles and dark modes were not previously considered in this setting. The ground and excited states are accurately approximated by the Thomas-Fermi expressions. The 1D and 2D bubbles, as well as vortices with $m=1$, are completely stable, while the dark solitons and vortices with $m=2$ have nontrivial stability boundaries in their existence areas. Unstable dark solitons are expelled to the periphery, while unstable double vortices split in rotating pairs of unitary ones. Displaced stable vortices precess around the central point.
description: to be published in Nonlinear Dynamics
Salinity and the physiology of three chironomid species which inhabit saline lakes
Creators: name: Sargent, Randall Wayne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis deals with the importance of salinity to the distribution of three chironomid species of the genus Chironomus (C. anthracinus. C. athalassicus. and C. tentans). Research to date suggests that salinity and coexistence problems are the major factors influencing the distribution of the chironomid fauna of fresh and saline lakes in the Cariboo and Chilcotin areas of central British Columbia. The difference in the distribution of these three Chironomus species is particularly interesting. The investigation of the importance of salinity to their distribution consisted of a study of (i) the salinity tolerance of each species, (ii)the regulation of the haemolymph, and (iii) the influx and efflux of sodium and chloride ions. Several conclusions were drawn from the investigation. A difference in the salinity tolerance of each species was found in the laboratory: C. anthracinus and C. tentans did not survive at lake water conductivities above 9000 micro-o mhos/cm at 25 C, C. athalassicus survived in lake water conductivities at least as high as 15»000 micromhos/cm at o 25 C. Temperature affected the survival of each species in a similar way; at high temperatures survival time decreased. Sodium, potassium, and chloride as well as the concentration of the haemolymph were regulated by the three species at low salinities. C. athalassicus was the only species able to conform at higher external concentrations. C. athalassicus had a low sodium affinity and a powerful sodium uptake system compared to the other species. Chloride affinity and the power of the uptake system exceeded that of C. anthracinus and C. tentans. The general conclusion reached was that salinity does affect the distribution of the three Chlronomus species. More research is called for in this and related areas in order to more fully understand the distribution of the chironomid fauna.