cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Scattering by regular black holes: Planar massless scalar waves impinging upon a Bardeen black hole
Creators: name: Macedo, Caio F. B.
name: de Oliveira, Ednilton S.
name: Crispino, Luís C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Singularities are common features of general relativity black holes. However, within general relativity, one can construct black holes that present no singularities. These regular black hole solutions can be achieved by, for instance, relaxing one of the energy conditions on the stress energy tensor sourcing the black hole. Some regular black hole solutions were found in the context of non-linear electrodynamics, the Bardeen black hole being the first one proposed. In this paper, we consider a planar massless scalar wave scattered by a Bardeen black hole. We compare the scattering cross section computed using a partial-wave description with the classical geodesic scattering of a stream of null geodesics, as well as with the semi-classical glory approximation. We obtain that, for some values of the corresponding black hole charge, the scattering cross section of a Bardeen black hole has a similar interference pattern of a Reissner-Nordström black hole.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures. Version to be published in PRD
Understanding the nutrition transition: measuring rapid dietary changes in transitional countries
Creators: name: Zhai, Fengying
name: Lu, Bing
name: Popkin, Barry M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: OBJECTIVE: To understand methodological concerns related to dietary intake collection in transitional societies.

DESIGN: Three days of household weighing and measurement of all food used and repeated 24-hour recalls.

SETTING: Eight Chinese provinces.

SUBJECTS: Five thousand nine hundred and fifty-two and 5152 adults aged 20-45 years in 1989 and 1997, respectively.

RESULTS: Great variance exists in the types and quantity of animal products used in common recipes. For example, the proportion of pork from lean cuts in 'stir-fried fresh pepper and pork' varies between 14 and 24% in urban and rural areas and the total pork content for 100 g (dish) varies by 15 to 19 g between rural and urban areas in each of eight provinces. Another challenge relates to the variation in the edible vegetable oil content added during food preparation. Reliance on standard recipes for each fried dish would miss the variations in oil use over time, space and socio-economic status.

CONCLUSIONS: Dietary change is rapid in transitional countries. Reliance on recipes standardised for animal food and edible oil contents will lead to very large systematic errors in the measurement of energy, fat and protein intakes.
(2276) Thomas Wiseman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Predictors of pregnancy and postpartum haemoglobin concentrations in low-income women
Creators: name: Chantala, Kim
name: Arab, Lenore
name: Siega-Riz, Anna Maria
name: McDonald, Thad
name: Bodnar, Lisa M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: OBJECTIVE: Pregnancy and postpartum iron status is of great public health importance, yet few studies have examined predictors of haemoglobin (Hb) concentration during this time. We identified predictors of Hb from 24 weeks' gestation until delivery and from 4 to 25 weeks postpartum.

DESIGN: Blood was drawn as many as four times during care: at the initial visit, at 24-29 weeks' gestation, at delivery and postpartum. A longitudinal, multivariable linear regression model was used to predict Hb concentration.

SETTING: A public health clinic in Raleigh, North Carolina.

SUBJECTS: n=520 women who participated in the Iron Supplementation Study.

RESULTS: Hb concentration at the previous blood draw, short stature, non-Hispanic white ethnicity/race, >12 years of education and smoking were positive predictors of pregnancy and postpartum Hb concentrations. Iron supplement use was a positive predictor, while inadequate weight gain and severe nausea/vomiting were negative predictors of gestational Hb. A high infant birth weight and postpartum haemorrhage were negative predictors of postpartum Hb. Pre-pregnancy body mass index had a slight positive relationship with gestational Hb, but had a strong negative relationship with postpartum Hb. The longitudinal model also confirmed the typical pattern of gestational Hb concentration. As the number of weeks between the initial visit and the 24- to 29-week visit increased, Hb at 24-29 weeks' gestation decreased. As gestational age increased from 24 weeks until delivery, Hb concentration increased as well.

CONCLUSIONS: The predictors identified here could be used in clinical settings to target high-risk women for intervention.
Additional file 1 of Investigating the effect of quadruple therapy with Saccharomyces boulardii or Lactobacillus reuteri strain (DSMZ 17648) supplements on eradication of Helicobacter pylori and treatments adverse effects: a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial
Creators: name: Naghibzadeh, Nooshin
name: Salmani, Fatemeh
name: Nomiri, Samira
name: Tavakoli, Tahmine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary figures: The frequency distribution of side effects over time in the study groups.
Religion, social support, fat intake and physical activity
Creators: name: Sobal, Jeffery
name: Kim, Karen Hye Cheon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Most research on diet and exercise has focused on these health behaviours as proximate causes of disease, rather than examine the context of how diet and exercise are developed and maintained. This study examined religion and social support in relationship to fat intake and physical activity. Data from surveys of 546 adults aged 17–91 years, residing in one upstate New York county, were analysed. Most relationships between the multiple facets of religion, fat intake and physical activity were not statistically significant. After controlling for demographics and social support, Conservative Protestant women and women specifying an ‘Other’ religious affiliation reported higher fat intakes than did Catholic women. There were no relationships between religion and fat intake in men. In women, religious commitment was associated with greater moderate and vigorous physical activity, whereas in men, divine social support was associated with greater moderate physical activity. Social support did not substantially change the magnitude of the relationships between religion, diet and physical activity. Overall, there were few relationships between religion, fat intake and physical activity, suggesting that in contemporary US society religion may play a small role in the context of how diet and exercise are developed and maintained. The limited range of religiosity in the sample, however, may have underestimated the role of religion. Significant relationships between religion and physical activity in women suggest that further research is needed to more clearly delineate religion's relationship with health behaviours.
General radially moving references frames in the black hole background
Creators: name: Toporensky, A.
name: Zaslavskii, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider general radially moving frames realized in the background of nonextremal black holes having causal structure similar to that of the Schwarzschild metric. In doing so, we generalize the Lema\^ıtre approach, constructing free-falling frames which are built from the reference particles with an arbitrary specific energy $e_{0}$ including $e_{0}<0$ and a special case $e_{0}=0$. The general formula of 3-velocity of a freely falling particle with the specific energy $e$ with respect to a frame with $% e_{0}$ is presented. We point out the relation between the properties of considered frames near a horizon and the Banados-Silk-West effect of an indefinite growth of energy of particle collisions. Using our radially moving frames, we consider also nonradial motion of test particles including the regions near the horizon and singularity. We also point out the properties of the Lema\^ıtre time at horizons depending on the frame and sign of particle energy.
description: 20 pages with 1 jpg figure
Hadronic molecule interpretation of $T^+_{cc}$ and its beauty-partners
Creators: name: Ren, Huimin
name: Wu, Fan
name: Zhu, Ruilin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the latest discovery of a new tetraquark $T_{cc}^+$ with two charm quarks and two light antiquarks by LHCb Collaboration, we investigated the $DD^*$ hadronic molecule interpretation of $T_{cc}^+$. By calculation, the mass and the decay width of this new structure $T_{cc}^+$ can be understood in one-meson exchange potential model. The binding energies for these $DD^*$ hadronic molecules with $J^P=1^+$ are around $1MeV$. Besides, we also studied the possible beauty-partners $T_{bb}(10598)$ of hadronic molecule $T^+_{cc}$, which may be feasible in future LHCb experiments.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, and 1 table; the theoretical uncertainty is discussed
Under- and overreporting of energy is related to obesity, lifestyle factors and food group intakes in Jamaican adults
Creators: name: Wynter, Suzanne
name: Forrester, Terrence
name: Wilks, Rainford
name: Mendez, Michelle A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: OBJECTIVE: Research in industrialised countries has documented a high prevalence of underreported energy intakes associated with characteristics such as obesity. This paper examines the prevalence, patterns and impact of energy under- and overreporting on diet-obesity relationships in a middle-income developing country.

DESIGN: A 70-item food-frequency questionnaire was used. Underreporters had reported energy intakes <1.35 x basal metabolic rate (BMR), overreporters >2.4 x BMR. Multinomial models were used to identify characteristics associated with implausible reporting. Intakes were compared across reporting groups to assess evidence of bias. Associations between diet and obesity were compared with and without adjustment for implausible reporting.

SETTING: Spanish Town, neighbouring the capital city of Kingston, Jamaica.

SUBJECTS: Eight hundred and ninety-one Jamaican adults, aged 25-75 years, were randomly recruited.

RESULTS: More women than men (38.6% vs. 22.5%) underreported, but more men overreported energy (23.7% vs. 16.0%). Underreporting was positively associated with obesity, special diets, smoking and age; age was inversely associated with overreporting. Underreporters estimated lower energy from potentially socially undesirable food groups (e.g. snacks) and higher intakes of 'healthy' foods (e.g. fruit) than did plausible reporters. For some of these food groups, significant differences in intakes among normal-weight versus obese subjects observed among plausible reporters were absent when implausible reporters were included. In models of food group-obesity associations, adjusting for implausible energy yielded more credible results that more closely resembled findings in plausible reporters.

CONCLUSIONS: Energy under- and overreporting are highly prevalent in Jamaica. Adjusting for implausible reporting may help to reduce bias in diet-health outcome associations.
Supplementary Information from Behavioural homogenization with spillovers in a normative domain.
Creators: name: Efferson, Charles
name: Vogt, Sonja
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Details of study and statistical analyses
(2268) Thomas Dixon
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Associations of psychosocial factors with fruit and vegetable intake among African-Americans
Creators: name: Galanko, Joseph A.
name: Watters, Joanne L.
name: Satia, Jessie A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: OBJECTIVE: To examine associations of various psychosocial factors with fruit and vegetable intake in African-American adults.

METHODS: A cross-sectional survey of a population-based sample of 658 African-Americans, aged 18-70 years, in North Carolina. Information was collected on diet-related psychosocial (predisposing, reinforcing and enabling) factors based on the PRECEDE (Predisposing, Reinforcing, and Enabling Constructs in Educational Diagnosis and Evaluation) planning framework; demographic, lifestyle and behavioural characteristics, and fruit and vegetable intake.

RESULTS: The mean participant age was 43.9 years (standard deviation 11.6), 57% were female and 76% were overweight/obese. Participants expressed healthy beliefs regarding many of, but not all, the psychosocial factors. For example, although half of the respondents believed it is important to eat a diet high in fruits/vegetables, only 26% knew that >or=5 daily servings are recommended. The strongest associations of the psychosocial factors with fruit/vegetable intake were for predisposing factors (e.g. belief in the importance of a high fruit/vegetable diet and knowledge of fruit/vegetable recommendations) and one reinforcing factor (social support), with differences between the healthiest and least healthy responses of 0.5-1.0 servings per day. There was evidence of effect modification by gender in associations between psychosocial factors and fruit/vegetable consumption (e.g. self-efficacy was only significant in women), with higher intakes and generally healthier responses to the psychosocial variables in women than men.

CONCLUSIONS: Interventions to increase fruit/vegetable intake in African-Americans may be more effective if they focus primarily on predisposing factors, such as knowledge, self-efficacy and attitudes, but not to the exclusion of reinforcing and enabling factors. The psychosocial factors that are targeted may also need to be somewhat different for African-American men and women.
Comparative validation of standard, picture-sort and meal-based food-frequency questionnaires adapted for an elderly population of low socio-economic status
Creators: name: DeVellis, Robert F.
name: Arcury, Thomas A.
name: Vitolins, Mara Z.
name: Quandt, Sara A.
name: Bell, Ronny A.
name: Tooze, Janet A.
name: Smith, Shannon L.
name: Davis, Cralen C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: OBJECTIVE: To compare the validity of a modified Block food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ), a picture-sort administration of the FFQ (PSFFQ) and a meal pattern-based questionnaire (MPQ) in a multi-ethnic population of low socio-economic status (SES).

DESIGN: Participants completed six 24-hour dietary recalls (24HR) over six months; the FFQ, PSFFQ and MPQ were completed in random order in the subsequent month. Instruments were interviewer-administered. The PSFFQ and MPQ were developed in formative research concerning difficulties for older adults in responding to standard food-frequency instruments.

SETTING: Rural North Carolina, USA. Subjects One hundred and twenty-two African American, Native American and white adults aged > or = 65 years, with approximately one-third in each ethnic group. Inclusion criteria included education < or = 12 years and income < or = 150% of national poverty level or Medicaid recipient.

RESULTS: Comparing median intakes from the average of the 24HR with the three diet assessment instruments, the MPQ tended to overestimate intakes compared with the FFQ and PSFFQ. Correlations among nutrients obtained by the 24HR and the other three instruments were generally statistically significant and positive. Across nutrients, the PSFFQ was most highly correlated with the 24HR for women, while the FFQ was most highly correlated with the 24HR for men.

CONCLUSIONS: Dietary assessments using 24HR and FFQ were similar to results reported elsewhere, although correlations between 24HR and FFQ were somewhat lower. Interviewer-administered dietary assessments should be used with caution to evaluate dietary intake among older adults with low SES. Gender differences and the lower correlations should be investigated more thoroughly to assist in choosing dietary assessment instruments for this population.
Pregravid body mass index is negatively associated with diet quality during pregnancy
Creators: name: Siega-Riz, Anna Maria
name: Bodnar, Lisa M.
name: Laraia, Barbara A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between pregravid weight status and diet quality.

DESIGN: Institute of Medicine body mass index (BMI) cut-off points of 26.0-29.0 kg m- 2 for overweight and >29 kg m- 2 for obese were used to categorise women's weight status. Dietary information was obtained by self-report at 26-28 weeks' gestation using a modified Block food-frequency questionnaire. The Diet Quality Index for Pregnancy (DQI-P) included: servings of grains, vegetables and fruits, folate, iron and calcium intake, percentage calories from fat, and meal pattern score. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to estimate the association between weight status and tertiles of DQI-P controlling for potential individual confounders.

SETTING: A clinical-based population recruited through four prenatal clinics in central North Carolina.

SUBJECTS: A total of 2394 women from the Pregnancy, Infection and Nutrition study were included in this analysis.

RESULTS: Evidence of a dose-response relationship was found between BMI and inadequate servings of grains and vegetables, and iron and folate intake. Pregravid obesity was associated with 76% increased odds of falling into the lowest diet quality tertile compared with underweight women after controlling for potential confounders.

CONCLUSION: A modest association was found between pregravid weight status and diet quality. If corroborated, these findings suggest that overweight pregnant women should be targeted for nutrition counselling interventions aimed to improve diet quality.
(2270) John Dixon
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Nonlinear fluctuations and dissipation in matter revealed by quantum light
Creators: name: Mukamel, Shaul
name: Dorfman, Konstantin E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum optical fields offer numerous control knobs which are not available with classical light and may be used for monitoring the properties of matter by novel types of spectroscopy. It has been recently argued that such quantum spectroscopy signals can be obtained by a simple averaging of their classical spectroscopy counterparts over the Glauber-Sudarshan quasiprobability distribution of the quantum field; the quantum light thus merely provides a novel gating window for the classical response functions. We show that this argument only applies to the linear response and breaks down in the nonlinear regime. The quantum response carries additional valuable information about response and spontaneous fluctuations of matter that may not be retrieved from the classical response by simple data processing. This is connected to the lack of a nonlinear fluctuation-dissipation relation.
Protective effect of yoghurt consumption on Helicobacter pylori seropositivity in a Mexican population
Creators: name: Ornelas, India J.
name: Galvan-Potrillo, Marcia
name: López-Carrillo, Lizbeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between fermented and unfermented dairy product consumption and Helicobacter pylori seropositivity in a Mexican population.

DESIGN: Dietary interviews were conducted as part of a population-based case-control study in 2005. Serum was obtained for each participant to determine H. pylori seropositivity status. Adjusted odds ratios were estimated from multivariate logistic regression models.

SETTING: Mexico City, Mexico.

SUBJECTS: A random sample of 464 healthy adult residents.

RESULTS: The overall seroprevalence of H. pylori in the study sample was 75.4%. In fully adjusted models, compared with those who did not consume yoghurt, there was a protective effect of eating up to one serving per week of yoghurt and more than one serving per week of yoghurt (odds ratio (OR) = 0.57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.35-0.94 and OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.24-0.86, respectively), with a P for trend of 0.01. There were no effects for the consumption of unfermented dairy products (milk and cheese).

CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that yoghurt consumption may have a protective effect against H. pylori seropositivity. Additional studies are needed to determine whether consumption of yoghurt or other fermented dairy products can prevent or eradicate H. pylori infection.
(2252) Chisnall Henry Connor
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Table S1 from Logical modelling uncovers developmental constraints for primary sex determination of chicken gonads.
Creators: name: Sánchez, Lucas
name: Chaouiya, Claudine
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Equations defining the functional states for the genes of the network shown in Figure 2.
The relationship between income and food insecurity among Oregon residents: does social support matter?
Creators: name: De Marco, Molly
name: Thorburn, Sheryl
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Millions of US households experienced food insecurity in 2005. Research indicates that low wages and little social support contribute to food insecurity. The present study aimed to examine whether social support moderates the relationship between income and food insecurity. Using a mail survey, we collected data on social support sources (social network, intimate partner and community) and social support functions from a social network (instrumental, informational and emotional). We used hierarchical logistic regression to examine the potential moderation of various measures of social support on the relationship between income and food insecurity, adjusting for potential confounding variables. Oregon, USA. A stratified random sample of Oregonians aged 18–64 years (n 343). We found no evidence of an association between social support and food insecurity, nor any evidence that social support acts as a moderator between income and food insecurity, regardless of the measure of social support used. Although previous research suggested that social support could offset the negative impact of low income on food security, our study did not find support for such an effect.
(2249) Ellen Hill
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(2248) Charles Edward Mitchell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary Information from Behavioural homogenization with spillovers in a normative domain
Creators: name: Efferson, Charles
name: Vogt, Sonja
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Details of study and statistical analyses
Terahertz amplifiers based on gain reflectivity in cuprate superconductors
Creators: name: Homann, Guido
name: Cosme, Jayson G.
name: Mathey, Ludwig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that parametric driving of suitable collective modes in cuprate superconductors results in a reflectivity $R>1$ for frequencies in the low terahertz regime. We propose to exploit this effect for the amplification of coherent terahertz radiation in a laser-like fashion. As an example, we consider the optical driving of Josephson plasma oscillations in a monolayer cuprate at a frequency that is blue-detuned from the Higgs frequency. Analogously, terahertz radiation can be amplified in a bilayer cuprate by driving a phonon resonance at a frequency slightly higher than the upper Josephson plasma frequency. We show this by simulating a driven-dissipative $U(1)$ lattice gauge theory on a three-dimensional lattice, encoding a bilayer structure in the model parameters. We find a parametric amplification of terahertz radiation at zero and nonzero temperature.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Access to food source and food source use are associated with healthy and unhealthy food-purchasing behaviours among low-income African-American adults in Baltimore City
Creators: name: Suratkar, Sonali
name: Gittelsohn, Joel
name: Stauffer, Elizabeth
name: Song, Hee Jung
name: D'Angelo, Heather
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Although previous research has shown limited availability of healthy food in low-income urban neighbourhoods, the association between food source use and food-purchasing patterns has not yet been examined. We explored food-purchasing patterns in the context of food source use and food source access factors in low-income areas of Baltimore City. Cross-sectional survey. Predominantly low-income neighbourhoods in East and West Baltimore City. A total of 175 low-income African-American adult residents. Supermarkets and corner stores were the most frequently used food sources. Walking was the main form of transportation used by 57 % of all respondents, 97 % of corner-store shoppers and 49 % of supermarket shoppers. Multiple linear regression models adjusting for demographic factors, type of food source used and transportation type found that corner-store use was associated with obtaining more unhealthy food (P = 0·005), whereas driving to the food source was associated with obtaining more healthy food (P = 0·012). The large number of corner stores compared with supermarkets in low-income neighbourhoods makes them an easily accessible and frequently used food source for many people. Interventions to increase the availability and promotion of healthy food in highly accessed corner stores in low-income neighbourhoods are needed. Increased access to transportation may also lead to the use of food sources beyond the corner store, and to increased healthy food purchasing.
(2250) Michael Hill
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Perceived and objective measures of the food store environment and the association with weight and diet among low-income women in North Carolina
Creators: name: Ammerman, Alice S.
name: Sharkey, Joseph
name: Samuel-Hodge, Carmen D.
name: Folds, Mary Cordon
name: Gustafson, Alison A.
name: Cai, Jianwen
name: Jones-Smith, Jesse
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to highlight the similarities and differences between perceived and objective measures of the food store environment among low-income women and the association with diet and weight.

DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of food store environment. Store level was characterized by: (i) the availability of healthy foods in stores where participants shop, using food store audits (objective); and (ii) summary scores of self-reported perception of availability of healthy foods in stores (perceived). Neighbourhood level was characterized by: (i) the number and type of food stores within the census tract (objective); and (2) summary scores of self-reported perception of availability of healthy foods (perceived).

SETTING: Six counties in North Carolina.

SUBJECTS: One hundred and eighty-six low-income women.

RESULTS: Individuals who lived in census tracts with a convenience store and a supercentre had higher odds of perceiving their neighbourhood high in availability of healthy foods (OR = 6.87 (95 % CI 2.61, 18.01)) than individuals with no store. Overall, as the number of healthy foods available in the store decreased, the probability of perceiving that store high in availability of healthy foods increased. Individuals with a supercentre in their census tract weighed more (2.40 (95 % CI 0.66, 4.15) kg/m2) than individuals without one. At the same time, those who lived in a census tract with a supercentre and a convenience store consumed fewer servings of fruits and vegetables (-1.22 (95 % CI -2.40, -0.04)).

CONCLUSIONS: The study contributes to a growing body of research aiming to understand how the food store environment is associated with weight and diet.
Additional file 1 of Genetic diagnosis of pseudomyxoma peritonei originating from mucinous borderline tumor inside an ovarian teratoma
Creators: name: Taguchi, Ayumi
name: Rokutan, Hirofumi
name: Oda, Katsutoshi
name: Tanikawa, Michihiro
name: Tanimoto, Saki
name: Sone, Kenbun
name: Mori, Mayuyo
name: Tsuruga, Tetsushi
name: Kohsaka, Shinji
name: Tatsuno, Kenji
name: Shinozaki-Ushiku, Aya
name: Miyagawa, Kiyoshi
name: Mano, Hiroyuki
name: Aburatani, Hiroyuki
name: Ushiku, Tetsuo
name: Osuga, Yutaka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Materials and Methods
Figure S1 from Logical modelling uncovers developmental constraints for primary sex determination of chicken gonads.
Creators: name: Sánchez, Lucas
name: Chaouiya, Claudine
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Gene regulatory network controlling chicken primary sex determination. Normal green (resp. blunt red) arrows represent positive (resp. negative) interactions, and dashed arrows indicate indirect or proposed interactions. Z1 and Z2 represent each a Z chromosome, whereas W denotes a W chromosome; sex chromosome constitution (ZW or ZZ) is thus specified by an adequate combination of these input nodes.
Validation of a quantitative FFQ for the Barbados National Cancer Study
Creators: name: Harris, Rachel
name: Caberto, Christian
name: Nemesure, Barbara
name: Wu, Suh Yuh
name: Wilkens, Lynne R.
name: Pakseresht, Mohammadreza
name: Cao, Xia
name: Sharma, Sangita
name: Leske, M. Cristina
name: Hennis, Anselm J.M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: OBJECTIVE: To assess the validity of a 148-item quantitative FFQ (QFFQ) that was developed for the Barbados National Cancer Study (BNCS) to determine dietary intake over 12 months and examine the dietary risk factors.

DESIGN: A cross-sectional validation study of the QFFQ against 4 d food diaries. Spearman's rank correlations (ρ), intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) and weighted κ were computed as measures of concordance, adjusting for daily variations in the food diaries. Cross-classification tables and Bland-Altman plots were created for further assessment.

SETTING: BNCS is a case-control study of environmental risk factors for breast and prostate cancer in a predominantly African-origin population in Barbados.

SUBJECTS: Fifty-four individuals (21 years and older) were recruited among controls in the BNCS who were frequency-matched on sex and age group to breast and prostate cancer cases.

RESULTS: Similar mean daily energy intake was derived from the food diary (8201 kJ (1960 kcal)) and QFFQ (7774 kJ (1858 kcal)). Rho for energy and macronutrients ranged from 0·66 (energy) to 0·17 (dietary fibre). The percentage of energy from carbohydrates and protein showed the highest and lowest ICC among macronutrients (0·63 and 0·27, respectively). The highest weighted κ was observed for energy (0·45). When the nutrient intake was divided into quartiles, approximately 34 % of the observations were in the same quartile.

CONCLUSIONS: This investigation supports the validity of the QFFQ as a method for assessing long-term dietary intake except for dietary fibre, folate, vitamins A, E and B12. The instrument will be a useful tool in the analysis of diet-cancer associations in the BNCS.
(2251) Emma Arnold
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 1 of Nucleolar localization of the ErbB3 receptor as a new target in glioblastoma
Creators: name: Tagliaferro, Marzia
name: Rosa, Paolo
name: Bellenchi, Gian Carlo
name: Bastianelli, Daniela
name: Trotta, Rosa
name: Tito, Claudia
name: Fazi, Francesco
name: Calogero, Antonella
name: Ponti, Donatella
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. (A) ErbB3 localizes in the nucleolus of HeLa and MCF-7 cells. Immunofluorescence analysis for ErbB3 (green) and Fibrillarin (red) after 24h of serum starvation (0.2% FBS). (B). Confocal magnifications and relative lateral sections are shown HeLa cells. (C) ErbB3 localization in MCF-7. The staining was performed using rabbit polyclonal anti-ErbB3 C17 (green), anti Pol I subunit RPA40 (red). The colocalization is shown in yellow. Scalebar represent 10 μm in A and 25 μm in C.
Food concern and its associations with obesity and diabetes among lower-income New Yorkers
Creators: name: Yaemsiri, Sirin
name: Olson, E. Carolyn
name: Kerker, Bonnie D.
name: He, Ka
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: OBJECTIVE: To examine food concern (FC) and its associations with obesity and diabetes in a racially diverse, urban population.

DESIGN: Cross-sectional population-based survey.

SETTING: Five boroughs of New York City.

SUBJECTS: Lower-income adults (n 5981) in the 2004 New York City Community Health Survey.

RESULTS: The overall prevalence of obesity was 24 % and was higher among FC than non-FC white men and women, black women, US- and foreign-born whites and foreign-born blacks. In multivariable analysis, FC was marginally associated with obesity (OR = 1·18, 95 % CI 0·98, 1·42) among all lower-income New Yorkers, after controlling for socio-economic factors. The association of FC and obesity varied by race/ethnicity, with FC being positively associated with obesity only among white New Yorkers. FC whites had 80 % higher odds of obesity than whites without FC (OR = 1·80; 95 % CI 1·21, 2·68), with a model-adjusted obesity prevalence of 20 % among non-FC whites v. 31 % among FC whites. FC was not associated with diabetes after controlling for obesity and socio-economic factors.

CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of obesity was significantly higher among FC whites and certain subgroups of blacks. FC was positively associated with obesity risk among lower-income white New Yorkers. Programmes designed to alleviate FC and poverty should promote the purchase and consumption of nutritious, lower-energy foods to help address the burden of obesity in lower-income urban populations.
Figure S2 from Logical modelling uncovers developmental constraints for primary sex determination of chicken gonads.
Creators: name: Sánchez, Lucas
name: Chaouiya, Claudine
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Top: Hierarchical Transition Graphs (HTG) revealing bifurcations in the discrete dynamics and the required restrictions on the delays to ensure the reachability of the expected final stable state (see main text). Bottom: State Transition Graphs (STGs) showing the succession of events considering the proposed priority settings (see Table 1). In both graphs, the transitions are annotated with the involved events, where the signs + and -associated to the gene names indicate updates increasing and decreasing the corresponding gene levels; the vector states provide the values of the model components, in the following order: Z1, Z2, W, DMRT1, HEMGN, SOX9, FOXL2, AROMATASE, OESTROGEN, AMH.
FREEDOM OF CONSCIENCE IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES: LEGISLATION AND PRACTICE
Creators: name: Sharofova, Diyora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This article informs about protection peace and tolerance between nations by ensuring the freedom of conscience and faith. It is not secret that the freedom of conscience and faith determines the role of states in today's modern global rate. Specifically, countries, which provided full protection and insurance in terms of the freedom and rights based on conscience and faith, are regarded to have civil – society with suitable life style for their population. Moreover, this article looks into formation and distribution of the freedom and rights of conscience and faith globally, as well as, the status quo of the freedom and right of conscience and faith in Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan is mentioned briefly below. This article gives a great chance, also, to get familiar with problems and shortcomings related to the freedom of conscience and faith in these  mentioned stets.
(2245) Charles Arnold Barnard Parkes
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Properties of G-modes in Layered Semi-Convection
Creators: name: Belyaev, Mikhail
name: Quataert, Eliot
name: Fuller, Jim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study low frequency waves that propagate in a region of layered semi-convection. Layered semi-convection is predicted to be present in stellar and planetary interiors and can significantly modify the rate of thermal and compositional mixing. We derive a series of analytical dispersion relations for plane-parallel layered semi-convection in the Boussinesq approximation using a matrix transfer formalism. We find that like a continuously stratified medium, a semi-convective staircase -- in which small convective regions are separated by sharp density jumps -- supports internal gravity waves (g-modes). When the wavelength is much longer than the distance between semi-convective steps, these behave nearly like g-modes in a continuously stratified medium. However, the g-mode period spacing in a semi-convective region is systematically {\em smaller} than in a continuously stratified medium, and it decreases with decreasing mode frequency. When the g-mode wavelength becomes comparable to the distance between semi-convective steps, the g-mode frequencies deviate significantly from those of a continuously stratified medium (the frequencies are higher). G-modes with vertical wavelengths smaller than the distance between semi-convective steps are evanescent and do not propagate in the staircase. Thus, there is a lower cutoff frequency for a given horizontal wavenumber. We generalize our results to gravito-inertial waves relevant for rapidly rotating stars and planets. Finally, we assess the prospects for detecting layered semi-convection using astero/planetary seismology.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, accepted to MNRAS