cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MOESM4 of Potential risk factors and triggers for back pain in children and young adults. A scoping review, part II: unclear or mixed types of back pain
Creators: name: Beynon, Amber
name: Hebert, Jeffrey
name: Lebouef-Yde, Charlotte
name: Walker, Bruce
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Clarity of definitions of Back pain: Prospective studies. Table summarising the clarity of the definitions of back pain in included prospective studies.
Decoupling Solution to SUSY Flavor Problem via Extra Dimensions
Creators: name: Haba, Naoyuki
name: Maru, Nobuhito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the decoupling solution to SUSY flavor problem in the fat brane scenario. We present a simple model to yield the decoupling sfermion spectrum in a five dimensional theory. Sfermion masses are generated by the overlap between the wave functions of the matter fields and the chiral superfields on the SUSY breaking brane. Two explicit examples of the spectrum are given.
description: 8 pages, LaTeX
Reactive Carbonyl Compounds: Their Control and Consequences in Foods
Creators: name: Freund, Michael
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018

description: Polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) have been suggested to reduce risk for multiple diseases but animal studies on the beneficial effects of n-3 PUFAs are conflicting, possibly due to the presence of toxic lipid oxidation products in the oils used in these studies. In order to provide guidance for future research in n-3 PUFA supplementation, this study researched lipid oxidation and its inhibition in an animal feed system enriched with fish oil. Different storage conditions were tested, and it was found that samples stored at room temperature or above were at significant risk for oxidation with lag phases of propanal formation being 56, 8 and 2 days at 4°C, 23°C and 37°C. More than 65% removal of oxygen was needed to significantly decrease lipid oxidation. Greater than 65% removal of oxygen could be achieved in less than 1 minute of nitrogen flushing. Tocopherols were not strong antioxidants in the animal feed but Trolox was, suggesting that the fish oil enriched rodent feed acts similarly to bulk oil. Both ascorbic acid and ascorbyl palmitate were found to be ineffective, possibly due to their prooxidant activity. In a comparison of propyl gallate (PG), butylhydroxy toluene (BHT), and tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), results were found similar to other low-moisture systems, with PG being prooxidative, BHT improving lag phase, and TBHQ having a significant impact on lag phase. These results suggest that lipid oxidation products can be present at the start of a dietary omega-3 fatty acid study if poor quality oils are used and that oxidation can occur in the feed during storage times common to animal studies. These findings indicate that researchers should use antioxidant strategies to control oxidation in animal feeds to avoid potentially conflicting effects of lipid oxidation products in dietary omega-3 fatty acid studies.
Association of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone and Depression and Depressive Symptoms in Older Postmenopausal Women
Creators: name: Fritz, Dana
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018

description: Worldwide, between 5 and 18% of postmenopausal women experience depression. While the associations of estrogens with depression have been researched extensively, relations with other postmenopausal hormones remain unclear. We evaluated the association of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels with prevalent depression the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study (n = 588). Study participants were postmenopausal women aged 53 to 73 years and not using hormone therapy at enrollment (1998-2001). FSH was measured by radioimmuno-assays. Depression symptoms were measured using a scale based on DSM-III criteria (score range = 0-12), with a score ≥5 indicative of probable depression. We assessed the relation of FSH levels with depression in multivariable linear and logistic models adjusting for age, body mass index, estradiol, antidepressant use, and other factors, and evaluated effect modification by age. In adjusted analyses of all participants, higher FSH levels were associated with lower prevalence of depression (OR comparing ≥50 vs/L = 0.50, P = 0.02). Each 10-unit increase in FSH was associated with a 17% lower prevalence of depression (95% CI 0.70-0.99). Regression coefficients for Quartiles (Q) 2-4 vs. Q1 of FSH were 0.208, -0.170, -0.472, respectively (P = 0.14). Associations were mainly observed in older women (OR 0.47, P = 0.05; ages 64-73 years). Higher FSH levels in older postmenopausal women were associated with lower prevalence of depression and depressive symptoms, independent of estradiol, adiposity measures, and other factors. Further research is warranted to evaluate mechanisms underlying these associations, including effects of FSH on immune function.
Rutgers-Eagleton Poll #145: New Jersey January 2004
Creators: name: Eagleton Institute Of Politics, Rutgers University
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Time lived in New Jersey (1); interest in government and public affairs (1); direction of country (1); President George W. Bush job performance (1); direction of state of NJ (1); Governor James McGreevey job performance (1); NJ state legislature job performance (1); NJ's budget problems (2); property taxes (1); regionalization of services (7); voting in 2004 election for president (1); Democratic nominee for president (1) 2005 election for governor (1); 2002 election for US Senator (1); 2001 election for governor (1); 2000 presidential election (1); opinion of political figures (9); quality of government in NJ (2); political corruption in NJ (3); honesty of people in NJ state legislature (2); "Boss of New Jersey " (1); items respondent has at home (2); own car with bumper sticker (1); Valentine's Day (1); New Years resolutions (1); alcoholic beverages/alcoholism (4); drinking while driving (1); abortion (1); affirmative action (1); agree/disagree with various statements (12); racial equality (2); race/racism (2); racial/ethnic tension (1); socialized with person of a different race in past five years (1); registered to vote (1).
Precession-free domain wall dynamics in compensated ferrimagnets
Creators: name: Haltz, E.
name: Sampaio, J.
name: Krishnia, S.
name: Berges, L.
name: Weil, R.
name: Mougin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One fundamental obstacle to efficient ferromagnetic spintronics is magnetic precession, which intrinsically limits the dynamics of magnetic textures, We demonstrate that the domain wall precession fully vanishes with a record mobility when the net angular momentum is compensated (TAC) in DWs driven by spin-orbit torque in a ferrimagnetic GdFeCo/Pt track. We use transverse in-plane fields to reveal the internal structure of DWs and provide a robust and parameter-free measurement of TAC. Our results highlight the mechanism of faster and more efficient dynamics in materials with multiple spin lattices and reduced net angular momentum, promising for high-speed, low-power spintronics applications.
J^PC Exotic Mesons from the Bethe-Salpeter Equation
Creators: name: Burden, C. J.
name: Pichowsky, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Masses for vector 1--, axialvector 1+-, 1++, and exotic-vector 1-+ mesons are calculated within a quantum field theoretic framework based on the Dyson-Schwinger equations using a model form of the quark-antiquark interaction that is separable. The model provides an excellent description of pion and K-meson observables and the flavor-octet ground-state meson spectrum. With no adjustments to model parameters, a numerical solution of the Bethe-Salpeter equation yields two exotic 1-+ mesons with masses of 1439 and 1498 MeV.
description: Published version, 5 pages
On the quantum structure of space-time, gravity, and higher spin in matrix models
Creators: name: Steinacker, Harold C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this introductory review, we argue that a quantum structure of space-time naturally entails a higher-spin theory, to avoid significant Lorentz violation. A suitable framework is provided by Yang-Mills matrix models, which allow to consider space-time as a physical system, which is treated on the same footing as the fields that live on it. We discuss a specific quantum space-time solution, whose internal structure leads to a consistent and ghost-free higher-spin gauge theory. The spin 2 modes give rise to metric perturbations, which include the standard gravitons as well as the linearized Schwarzschild solution.
description: 32 pages, 2 figures. V2: references added, minor corrections. V3: improved presentation, published version
Evaluation on Comprehensive Benefit of Natural Forest Protection Project in Southwest China
Creators: name: Guo, Zheng
name: Nie, Hua
name: Zang, Runguo
name: Guo, Zheng
name: Nie, Hua
name: Zang, Runguo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Southwest China
subject: Comprehensive-benefit evaluation
subject: Index system
subject: Analytic Hierarchy Process

description: According to the problem of seriously degraded natural forest in Southwest China prior to the implementation of Natural Forest Protection Project, under the guidance of principle of practicality and systematicness, we establish the comprehensive-benefit evaluation index system of restoring the degraded natural forest in Southwest China, including 3 second-level indices, 12 third-level indices and 24 fourth-level indices. In addition, we use the method of Analytic Hierarchy Process to conduct comprehensive-benefit evaluation on implementation of Natural Forest Protection Project in Southwest China. The results show that since ten years of implementation of Natural Forest Protection Project in Southwest China, it has gained considerable comprehensive benefit. The comprehensive evaluation index of Natural Forest Protection Project in Southwest China is 83.08; the ecological benefit index of Natural Forest Protection Project in Southwest China is 56.75; the economic benefit index of Natural Forest Protection Project in Southwest China is 19.05; the social benefit index of Natural Forest Protection Project in Southwest China is 7.28. The effect of construction of Natural Forest Protection Project in Southwest China is good. The evaluation index system and research results in this paper will provide the empirical guidance for comprehensive-benefit evaluation of Natural Forest Protection Project in China, and especially in Southwest China.
MOESM5 of Potential risk factors and triggers for back pain in children and young adults. A scoping review, part II: unclear or mixed types of back pain
Creators: name: Beynon, Amber
name: Hebert, Jeffrey
name: Lebouef-Yde, Charlotte
name: Walker, Bruce
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5. Clarity of definitions of Back pain: Cross-sectional studies. Table summarising the clarity of the definitions of back pain in included cross-sectional studies.
Understanding the adoption timing of smartphones in German agriculture
Creators: name: Michels, Marius
name: Mußhoff, Oliver
name: Michels, Marius
name: Mußhoff, Oliver
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Research and Development / Technical Change / Emerging Technologies
subject: smartphone
subject: German farmers
subject: technology adoption
subject: timing of adoption
subject: tobit regression

description: While the adoption of smartphones and apps are already investigated, no study has yet focused on factors affecting the timing of smartphone adoption in agriculture. Understanding the timing of a technology adoption and identifying characteristics of early and late adopters is important to further anticipate and foster the diffusion process. The aim of this study is therefore to analyse the timing of smartphone adoption for agricultural purposes by applying a tobit regression model to a data set of 207 German farmers, which was collected in 2019. Results show that among other factors, farmers’ age, risk attitude and gender as well as farm size and farm location affect the timing of smartphone adoption for agricultural purposes. The results are of interest for several groups of interest like agricultural policy makers, agricultural extension services, providers and sellers of smartphones.
Brane cosmology: an introduction
Creators: name: Langlois, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: These notes give an introductory review on brane cosmology. This subject deals with the cosmological behaviour of a brane-universe, i.e. a three-dimensional space, where ordinary matter is confined, embedded in a higher dimensional spacetime. In the tractable case of a five-dimensional bulk spacetime, the brane (modified) Friedmann equation is discussed in detail, and various other aspects are presented, such as cosmological perturbations, bulk scalar fields and systems with several branes.
description: 32 pages; 3 figures; Latex (PTPTeX); to appear in the Proceedings of the YITP workshop on "Braneworld - Dynamics of spacetime boundary"
Research on Participatory Poverty Index in North Jiangsu
Creators: name: Shen, Yuanyuan
name: Yu, Fazhan
name: He, Aifei
name: Yu, Chenyang
name: Shen, Yuanyuan
name: Yu, Fazhan
name: He, Aifei
name: Yu, Chenyang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Participatory poverty index
subject: Poverty measurement
subject: North Jiangsu
subject: China

description: In terms of current life style, living and production conditions and hygienic and educational condition, we select 8 indices, such as annual net income of farmers per capita, annual grain yield per capita, total power of agricultural machinery per capita, dropout rate of school children and so on, to establish index system of determining me poor village in North Jiangsu By selecting Lianqun Village in Suining County of Xuzhou City, Mawa Village in Siyang County of Suqian City, Chuanxing Village in Guanyun County of Lianyungang City, Xiaozhu Village in Hongze County of Huai’an City, Fengda Village in Xiangshui County of Yancheng City as the representative villages, after the discussion and consultation of the masses and the village cadres of ail village, we get the measuring results of weight. Through the field survey, investigation and interview in the selected regions, we get the relevant data, and then we conduct standardization processing, so as to get the index value that can comprehensively reflect the characteristics of poverty According to the index data that have been standardized, by using participatory poverty index formula for calculation, we get the values that can explain the poverty degree of the respondents. We sequence the representative poor village in this region according to the poverty degree from high to low, and the result is as follows: Mawa Village, ianqun Village, Chuanxing Village, Xiaozhu Village, and Fengda Village. It indicates that in terms of the operability of theory and technique, the participatory poverty index can better recognize the poor villages, so that it lays solid foundation for rationally and effectively using the limited poverty alleviation resources.
Strangers in a Strange Land: Foreign-born Mangaka and the Future of the ‘Japanese’ Comic Industry
Creators: name: Fujii, Michele
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018

description: This thesis addresses the phenomenon of the recent success of foreign-born mangaka in the Japanese comic industry. One in a long line of foreigners who have written about Japan, Swedish mangaka Åsa Ekström is a representative example whose success has been facilitated by a set of circumstances brought on by the influence of the international manga market, socio-economic policies stemming from the unique challenges presented by Japan’s declining birthrate and rapidly aging population, and changes in the landscape of the Japanese publishing industry. Drawing upon themes and excerpts from Ekström’s popular comic essay series, Nordic Girl Åsa discovers the Mysteries of Japan (Hokuō joshi Ōsa ga mitsuketa Nihon no fushigi 北欧女子オーサが見つけた日本の不思議), this thesis explores those facets of her skilled background in conjunction with the aforementioned circumstances that have contributed to her success, including the influence of internationalization, effects of an increasingly digitized publishing industry, and proliferation of vocational manga schools encouraging overseas student enrollment. By doing so, this thesis attempts to answer the question of whether foreign participation in what has been traditionally considered a closed market is reflective of a globalizing Japan, and determine the future of the market for comic essays by foreign-born mangaka.
Farm supply and grain elevator businesses in a changing business environment: A mixed methods investigation of past and future strategies
Creators: name: Spahn, Laurin
name: Höhler, Julia
name: Spahn, Laurin
name: Höhler, Julia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Trade
subject: Strategic management

description: Structural change in agriculture and competitive pressure transform the business environment of farm supply and grain elevator businesses. Strategies are an important tool for gaining or maintaining competitive advantages in this situation. Possible strategies include increasing diversification or the realization of economies of scale through growth. However, the analysis of strategies poses challenges as they often develop over time and contain both deliberate and non-deliberate elements. In a mixed methods approach, we combine a media analysis with a manager survey (n=62) to investigate past and future strategies of agricultural traders in Germany. We show that cooperation, diversification and autonomous growth were among the most popular strategic actions in the past 10 years and, according to the surveyed managers, will be in the future. The majority expect to offer more digital and consulting services in the future. This study provides new insights into agricultural traders’ realized and intended strategies.
Tropical Cyclone Track Forecasting using Fused Deep Learning from Aligned Reanalysis Data
Creators: name: Giffard-Roisin, Sophie
name: Yang, Mo
name: Charpiat, Guillaume
name: Kumler-Bonfanti, Christina
name: Kégl, Balázs
name: Monteleoni, Claire
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The forecast of tropical cyclone trajectories is crucial for the protection of people and property. Although forecast dynamical models can provide high-precision short-term forecasts, they are computationally demanding, and current statistical forecasting models have much room for improvement given that the database of past hurricanes is constantly growing. Machine learning methods, that can capture non-linearities and complex relations, have only been scarcely tested for this application. We propose a neural network model fusing past trajectory data and reanalysis atmospheric images (wind and pressure 3D fields). We use a moving frame of reference that follows the storm center for the 24h tracking forecast. The network is trained to estimate the longitude and latitude displacement of tropical cyclones and depressions from a large database from both hemispheres (more than 3000 storms since 1979, sampled at a 6 hour frequency). The advantage of the fused network is demonstrated and a comparison with current forecast models shows that deep learning methods could provide a valuable and complementary prediction. Moreover, our method can give a forecast for a new storm in a few seconds, which is an important asset for real-time forecasts compared to traditional forecasts.
AI'S IMPACT ON CORPORATE STRATEGIES AND EFFICIENCY: RISKS, OPPORTUNITIES, AND ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
Creators: name: Mbonigaba Celestin* & S. Sujatha**
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The study investigates the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on business decision-making, focusing on its influence on corporate strategies and operational efficiency. AI adoption has become widespread, with predictions that AI could contribute up to $15.7 trillion to the global economy by 2030. The objective of the study was to assess how AI enhances decision-making processes while addressing risks such as job displacement and data privacy. Methodologically, the research used a mixed approach, with surveys from 100 companies and analysis of case studies. Key findings indicate that AI-driven companies report a 40% improvement in operational efficiency, while 85% noted a 10-15% increase in forecast accuracy. However, 60% of companies experienced data breaches, emphasizing the need for robust security measures. The study concludes that AI's integration in businesses presents substantial opportunities for innovation and growth but requires ethical governance to mitigate risks.
MOESM3 of Potential risk factors and triggers for back pain in children and young adults. A scoping review, part II: unclear or mixed types of back pain
Creators: name: Beynon, Amber
name: Hebert, Jeffrey
name: Lebouef-Yde, Charlotte
name: Walker, Bruce
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES reporting factors that are associated with back pain. Table summarising included cross-sectional study.
Disintegrating Loops of Uprooted Plastic
Creators: name: Giordano, Jacin
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018

description: I’m interested in paint’s malleability. In my work, I transform the physical possibilities of paint in a literal way, using it as a tactile material to be cut apart, reassembled, or simply exposed for what it is. My paintings are labor-intensive. They are not predetermined, they meticulously evolve; crafted rather than executed. Remnant material from one painting, the result of a working process of cutting, gouging, or sanding, leads directly to the production of a new piece. In my work there is no illusion, material is meant to reiterate itself. Unlike abstract painters of the early 20th century, who hoped their work could aspire to spiritual harmony. My paintings are much more pragmatic, every day, present, and real.
Performance of Floristic Quality Assessment in Massachusetts Forested Wetlands
Creators: name: Gorss, Carolyn
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018

description: In order to combat the loss of valuable wetland functions and services, federal, state and tribal governments must have the tools to accurately assess and monitor the condition of wetland ecosystems. One particular method of wetland assessment is Floristic Quality Assessment (FQA), which has been growing in popularity throughout the United States since its creation in the 1970s. FQA relies on vegetative indicators of human disturbance to assess the integrity of an ecosystem. FQA calculations are based on Coefficients of Conservatism (C-scores), professionally-assigned scores ranging from 0-10 that denote a local species' tolerance to anthropogenic disturbance. Despite increasing interest in the use of FQA, few studies have thoroughly tested the performance of FQA, especially in New England. We used the Conservation Assessment and Prioritization System (CAPS), a landscape-based, coarse-scale assessment method, as a basis for evaluating FQA's performance in Massachusetts's forested wetlands. Our objective was to use CAPS Index of Ecological Integrity (IEI) scores (a form of generalized stressor gradient) to evaluate the performance of a variety of FQA indices (biological condition gradients), using C-scores from 7 states in the Northeast, and 2 ecoregions in Massachusetts. Based on our calculations of r-squared, and Spearman's rank analysis, we determined that FQA and C-scores have a moderate to weak relationship with the CAPS index of ecological integrity. Of the 12 indices and metrics we tested, the index with the strongest relationship to the IEI stressor gradient was mean Coefficient of Conservatism. Based on this research a number of suggestions are proposed for improving FQA as it applies to wetland assessment.
Streamwise Flow-Induced Oscillations of Bluff Bodies - The Influence of Symmetry Breaking
Creators: name: Gurian, Tyler
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018

description: The influence of symmetry breaking on the flow induced oscillations of bluff bodies in the steamwise direction is studied. First, a series of experiments is conducted on a one-degree-of-freedom circular cylinder allowed to exhibit pure translational motion in the streamwise direction over a range of reduced velocities, 1.4 < U* < 4.4, corresponding to a Reynolds number range of 970 < Re < 3370. Two distinct regions of displacements were observed in reduced velocity ranges of 1.6 < U* < 2.5 and 2.75 < U* < 3.85. Measured force coefficients in the drag and lift direction were examined, along with the wake visualization, through the range of reduced velocities, to infer the resulting wake modes. A new Alternating Symmetric (AS) mode was found. This transition from symmetric to AS shedding occurred near the end of the first region of response. Similar tests were run with a square prism in the parameter space of 2.4 < U* < 5.8 and 757 < Re < 1900 over angles of incidence of 0° ≤ α ≤ 45°. A distinct region of lock-in is observed for α = 0°, 2.5°, 5°, 7.5° over 3.2 < U* < 5.4 for α = 0°, and decreasing with increasing α. The wake structures were found to be roughly symmetric for α = 0°, but transitioned towards asymmetry with increasing α. For α = 0° and 2.5° a gradual increase in the asymmetry of the fluid forcing was observed with increasing U*, similar to the circular cylinder.
Unfolding as Quantum Annealing
Creators: name: Cormier, Kyle
name: Di Sipio, Riccardo
name: Wittek, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-energy physics is replete with hard computational problems and it is one of the areas where quantum computing could be used to speed up calculations. We present an implementation of likelihood-based regularized unfolding on a quantum computer. The inverse problem is recast in terms of quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO), which has the same form of the Ising hamiltonian and hence it is solvable on a programmable quantum annealer. We tested the method using a model that captures the essence of the problem, and compared the results with a baseline method commonly used in precision measurements at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The unfolded distribution is in very good agreement with the original one. We also show how the method can be extended to include the effect of nuisance parameters representing sources of systematic uncertainties affecting the measurement.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, the source code is available at https://github.com/rdisipio/quantum_unfolding
Additional file 1: of Patient and caregiver perspectives on guideline adherence: the case of endocrine and bone health recommendations for Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Creators: name: Denger, Brian
name: Kinnett, Kathi
name: Martin, Ann
name: Grant, Sean
name: Armstrong, Courtney
name: Khodyakov, Dmitry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Appendix: Endocrine and Bone Health Care Recommendations Included in Our Study. (PDF 191 kb)
Integrale Analyse der Wirtschaftlichkeit und der subjektiven Erfahrungen in der Direktvermarktung am Beispiel von Milchviehbetrieben in Österreich
Creators: name: Kirner, Leopold
name: Fensl, Franz
name: Glawischnig, Gudrun
name: Hunger, Franz
name: Kirner, Leopold
name: Fensl, Franz
name: Glawischnig, Gudrun
name: Hunger, Franz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Wirtschaftlichkeit
subject: Interviews
subject: qualitative Inhaltsanalyse
subject: Direktvermarktung
subject: spezialisierte Milchviehbetriebe

description: Der vorliegende Beitrag prüft die Wirtschaftlichkeit der Direktvermarktung auf Ebene von Einzelbetrieben. Die Datengrundlage lieferten 16 Buchführungsbetriebe im Rahmen des Grünen Berichts, die mit Hilfe der Betriebszweigabrechnung auf Vollkostenbasis ausgewertet wurden. Darüber hinaus wurden die Betriebsleiterinnen und Betriebsleiter zu ihren Erfahrungen und Erfolgsfaktoren in der Direktvermarktung qualitativ befragt. Die Betriebe erwirtschafteten im Durchschnitt ein Einkommen von rund 10.600 € aus der Direktvermarktung, als Einkommensbeitrag pro Stunde errechneten sich etwa 14 €. Das kalkulatorische Betriebszweigergebnis in der Direktvermarktung war positiv, somit konnten alle Kosten durch Leistungen gedeckt werden, was in der Urproduktion der betreffenden Betriebe bei weitem nicht gelang. Die Aussagen der Landwirtinnen und Landwirte erlauben tierergehende Einblicke in die Direktvermarktung und verweisen auf eine große Vielfalt bei der Umsetzung. Weder betriebliche Merkmale noch die Organisation der Direktvermarktung sind entscheidend für den wirtschaftlichen Erfolg, sondern eine professionelle Unternehmensführung, außerordentliche Managementfähigkeiten und persönliches Engagement.
A Vademecum on Quark-Hadron Duality
Creators: name: Bigi, Ikaros
name: Uraltsev, Nikolai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an elementary introduction to the problem of quark-hadron duality and its practical limitations, in particular as it concerns local duality violation in inclusive B meson decays. We show that the accurate definition of duality violation elaborated over the recent years allows one to derive informative constraints on violations of local duality. The magnitude of duality violation is particularly restricted in the total semileptonic widths. This explains its strong suppression in concrete dynamical estimates. We analyze the origin of the suppression factors in a model-independent setting, including a fresh perspective on the Small Velocity expansion. A new potentially significant mechanism for violation of local duality in Γ_sl(B) is analyzed. Yet we conclude that the amount of duality violation in Γ_sl(B) must be safely below the half percent level, with realistic estimates being actually much smaller. Violation of local duality in Γ_sl(B) is thus far below the level relevant to phenomenology. We also present a cautionary note on the B->D^* decay amplitude at zero recoil and show that it is much more vulnerable to violations of quark-hadron duality than Γ_sl(B). A critical review of some recent literature is given. We point out that the presently limiting factor in genuinely model-independent extraction of V_cb is the precise value of the short-distance charm quark mass. We suggest a direct and precise experimental check of local quark-hadron duality in semileptonic B->X_c lνdecays.
description: 48 pages, 4 figures; LaTeX
The Impact of Intraspecific Density on Garlic Mustard Sinigrin Concentration
Creators: name: Harris, Mercedes
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018

description: Garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata, Brassicaceae) is a biennial herb that produces glucosinolates, a class of constituent secondary metabolites that defend against herbivores and pathogens allowing it to grow at high densities in invaded regions. The glucosinolate sinigrin is predominant in garlic mustard and aids in its competitiveness as an invasive species. In North America, garlic mustard can grow at high densities and form dense monocultures which may increase its apparency to herbivores and therefore increase its sinigrin production. I measured leaf sinigrin concentration in garlic mustard populations of different densities in the field and in greenhouse experiments to evaluate the response of sinigrin concentration and growth to density and light. Sinigrin concentrations of second-year plants were negatively correlated with growth metrics across all field densities; indicating a cost to sinigrin production. In the greenhouse density experiment with high and low rosette stem densities, sinigrin differed significantly by rosette density category. A factorial greenhouse experiment with light and density treatments discerned significant differences in sinigrin concentration by density. These findings suggest that sinigrin concentration may be influenced by intraspecific density across different light environments.
Role of crystal lattice structure in predicting fracture toughness
Creators: name: Nguyen, Thuy
name: Bonamy, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the atomistic scale dependence of material's resistance-to-failure by numerical simulations and analytical analysis in electrical analogs of brittle crystals. We show that fracture toughness depends on the lattice geometry in a way incompatible with Griffith's relationship between fracture and free surface energy. Its value finds its origin in the matching between the continuum displacement field at the engineering scale, and the discrete nature of solids at the atomic scale. The generic asymptotic form taken by this field near the crack tip provides a solution for this matching, and subsequently a way to predict toughness from the atomistic parameters with application to graphene.
Price Premiums for Private Labelled Milk in German Retail: A Hedonic Price Analysis
Creators: name: Bittmann, Thomas
name: Scharnhop, Johann
name: Bittmann, Thomas
name: Scharnhop, Johann
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Retail
subject: price premium
subject: private label
subject: hedonic price analysis
subject: milk

description: Private labels are positioned at different price and quality levels. Premium private labels offer exceptional product benefits. The price premium a consumer is willing to pay over a standard private label depends on the perceived quality of the product. The objective of this paper is to investigate the size of these price premiums. The price premium can be interpreted as a measure of the retailer image and the extent to which each retailer is able to generate consumer loyalty through its own premium private label. To control for other product characteristics, we employ a hedonic price analysis. We find that major German discounters can generate the highest price premium for their premium brands. There is one other hybrid premium label that generates the highest premium, which is a private label sold at multiple retailers. National brands still generate the highest average prices overall, but the introduction of premium labels reduces the gap. Packaging, fat content, and special product labels explain a significant part of the variation in retail prices. These price differences have also important implications for cost-pass through and the frequency of retail price adjustment.
Shattering Visual Narratives through Lighting Design: A Reflection of Taylor Mac's The Lily's Revenge
Creators: name: Harris, Tamara
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018

description: The following thesis will explore and evaluate the lighting design behind Taylor Mac’s The Lily’s Revenge produced by the UMass Amherst Department of Theater as part of their 2017-2018 season. It will cover the entire lighting design process from reading the script to producing the world on stage. It will reflect early conversations, the collaboration process, design goals and executions, and the successes and failures reflecting on our art.
Comparative Research on the Economic Development of Xinjiang in the Perspective of Development of the West Regions
Creators: name: Liu, Wenqiang
name: Xuehelaiti, Mahemuti
name: Liu, Wenqiang
name: Xuehelaiti, Mahemuti
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Development of the West Regions
subject: Xinjiang
subject: Economic development
subject: Comparative analysis
subject: China

description: In the context of Development of the West Regions, by using the annual data from 1999 to 2009 in whole China and 12 provinces of the western regions, we analyze the achievements of socio-economic development of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 1999 to 2009 as follows: the economic aggregate has increased prominently and the growth rate is increasing ceaselessly; the primary industry, secondary industry and tertiary industry develop evenly, and the industrial structure is incessantly optimized; the quality of economic growth is promoted increasingly and the living standard of people is improved greatly; the primary industry, secondary industry and tertiary industry stride in tandem, and the momentum of growth is strong. We conduct horizontal comparison on me main economic indicators of Xinjiang, 12 provinces of the western regions and whole China. which include GDP and its growth rate. investment of fixed assets. structure of the primary industry. Secondary industry and tertiary industry, the industrial added value, GDP per capita, gross retail sales of social consumption, export and import trade, net income per capita of peasants and herdsmen, and general budget revenue. The result shows that although the implementation of the strategy of Development of the West Regions and the economic development of Xinjiang have achieved some remarkable results, there is a conspicuous gap in comparison with the expected effect. The problems existing in the operation of Xinjiang’s economy are analyzed as follows: the industrial level is low, and the economic growth mode is yet to be transformed; the disposable income per capita of urban residents grows slowly, and the increasing gap between the urban areas and rural areas has no trend of dwindling; the investment aggregate is very low, and the momentum of economic growth is short. In order to make the central government and 19 provinces and cities offer pointed aid for Xinjiang ,promote the implementation of new strategic development of Western China, and promote the better economic development of Xinjiang in the period of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan, we put forward some feasible suggestions as follows: Xinjiang should grasp favorable opportunities and quicken the pace of industrial structural adjustment: continue to open up to the outside world unswervingly, and improve investment environment ceaselessly; strive to maintain the continuous' and rapid development of economy, and improve the living standard of people.
Psychological with a Xuanyi Afterthought: A Translation of Cai Jun's "Kidnapped" and a Critical Introduction to His Popular Suspense Fiction
Creators: name: Holtrop, Katherine G
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018

description: Often hailed as “China’s Stephen King,” Chinese psychological suspense author Cai Jun occupies a position at the peak of the new wave of young authors flooding China’s popular literature market. In order to understand Cai’s popularity as an author, the impact his works and writing have on this market, and how he creates his particular brand of suspense fiction, it is both necessary to put his works into a larger context and analyze his writing. This thesis provides a brief overview of the recent literary scene in China, from the rise of internet literature and the comeback of genre fiction to the advent of mooks, the evolution of young adult literature, and the development of the author marketing industry, and also addresses the “pure vs. popular” controversy in China’s literary world, identifies how Cai fits into these trends, and determines who Cai is as a writer in terms of genre, story content, and literary reception through the translation and analysis of Cai’s short story “Kidnapped.”
Demographic and economic material factors in the MENA region
Creators: name: McKee, Musa
name: Keulertz, Martin
name: Habibi, Negar
name: Mulligan, Mark
name: Woertz, Eckart
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: MENA region
Global economy
Urbanisation
Ecological and climatic shifts
Population
Economy and Politics transformations

description: The Middle East and North Africa is one of the world’s most rapidly transforming regions, politically, economically, demographically and environmentally. Despite largely declining total fertility rates, the momentum of absolute population growth will mean that the region surpasses China in terms of total population by 2090. Land degradation, water stress and trends of urbanisation will also have significant impacts upon the future development of this region. In contending with the coming social, ecological and climatic shifts facing the region, policymakers will need to effectively capture the multi-faceted dynamics of these challenges but also opportunities. This paper outlines the key demographic and economic trends and transitions underway across MENA countries as material factors informing the efficacy of future policy responses to these emergent trends. Demographic trends in age-specific and gender ratios are discussed, before exploring transitions in fertility rates, migration, conflict, social welfare and urbanisation along with the possible implications of such transitions. Later, key economic factors are assessed, including correlations between resources endowments, labour market performance (particularly rates of youth unemployment), public debt and expenditure figures, and trade performance indicators. Considered together, a sub-regional disaggregation of these economic factors is presented, characterising emerging trends and challenges across the region and its broader integration into the global economy.
Postural Instabilities and the Maintenance of Bi-manual Rhythmic Movement
Creators: name: Amado, Avelino
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: Most research on bimanual rhythmic coordination has occurred with the participants in a seated posture. Many activities of daily living, however, require the interaction of standing postural and manual tasks. A population of individuals that are ideal for studying the integration of a manual task into the ongoing control of posture are expert marching percussionists; they have learned to produce rhythmic movements accurately under a variety of temporal and postural constraints. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the integration of bimanual rhythmic movements and posture in expert marching percussionists. Participants (N=11) were recruited from the University of Massachusetts Drumline, and were asked to perform three rhythmic tasks [1:1, 2:3, and 2:3-F (2:3 rhythm played faster at a self-selected tempo)] in one of three postures: sitting, standing on one foot, and standing on two feet. Discrete relative phase, postural time-to-contact, and coherence analysis, were used to analyze the performance of the manual task, postural control, and the integration between postural and manual performance. Across all three rhythms, discrete relative phase mean and variability (SD) results showed no effects of posture on rhythmic performance. The complexity of the manual task (1:1 vs 2:3) had no effect on postural time-to-contact. However, increasing the tempo of the manual task (2:3 vs. 2:3=F) did result in a decreased postural time-to-contact in the two-footed posture). Coherence analysis revealed that the coupling between the postural and manual task significantly decreased as a function of posture (going from a two footed to a one footed posture) and rhythmic complexity (1:1 vs. 2:3). Taken together, these results demonstrate that expert marching percussionists systematically decouple postural and manual fluctuations in order to preserve the performance of the rhythmic movement task.
Getting the most from the statistical analysis of solar neutrino oscillations
Creators: name: Fogli, G. L.
name: Lisi, E.
name: Marrone, A.
name: Montanino, D.
name: Palazzo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged.) We present a thorough analysis of the current solar neutrino data, in the context of two-flavor active neutrino oscillations. We aim at performing an accurate and exhaustive statistical treatment of both the input and the output information. Concerning the input, we analyze 81 observables, including the Cl rate, the total Ga rate and its winter-summer difference, the 44 spectrum bins from SK and the 34 spectrum bins from SNO. We carefully evaluate and propagate the effects of 31 correlated systematic uncertainties, including 12 SSM input errors, the 8B neutrino energy spectrum uncertainty, as well as 11 and 7 systematics in SK and SNO, respectively. Concerning the output, we express the chi-squared analysis results in terms of ``pulls,'' embedding the single contributions to the total chi-squared. It is shown that the pull method, as compared to the (numerically equivalent) covariance matrix approach, is not only simpler and more advantageous, but also includes useful indications about the preferred variations of the neutrino fluxes with respect to their SSM predictions. Our results confirm the current best-fit solution (LMA), but also allow, with acceptable statistical significance, other solutions in the low-mass (LOW) or in the quasi-vacuum oscillation (QVO) regime, while the small mixing angle (SMA) solution could be recovered only by ad hoc ``recalibrations'' of several SSM and experimental systematics.
description: 21 pages (RevTeX v4) + 9 figures (eps)