cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Σχεδίαση και ανάπτυξη ψηφιακού μαθήματος για την ενίσχυση των ψηφιακών συνεργατικών δεξιοτήτων στον εργασιακό χώρο
Creators: name: Τζίμα, Αλεξάνδρα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ψηφιακές δεξιότητες
subject: Συνεργατικές δεξιότητες
subject: Επαγγελματική εκπαίδευση
subject: Εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευση
subject: Ψηφιακό μάθημα
subject: Ψηφιακά συνεργατικά εργαλεία

description: Η ταχεία εξέλιξη της τεχνολογίας και η ψηφιοποίηση των επιχειρηματικών διαδικασιών έχουν αναδείξει μια νέα πραγματικότητα στον εργασιακό χώρο. Η ψηφιακή επανάσταση έχει επηρεάσει τον τρόπο με τον οποίο επικοινωνούμε, συνεργαζόμαστε και διαχειριζόμαστε τις εργασίες μας. Σε αυτό το πλαίσιο, η ανάπτυξη των ψηφιακών συνεργατικών δεξιοτήτων έχει αποκτήσει ζωτική σημασία για την αποτελεσματική λειτουργία των επαγγελματικών οργανισμών. Η παρούσα μεταπτυχιακή διπλωματική εργασία εστιάζει στην ανάπτυξη των ψηφιακών συνεργατικών δεξιοτήτων στον εργασιακό χώρο μέσω της εκμάθησης ψηφιακών εργαλείων συνεργατικότητας. Οι ψηφιακές δεξιότητες συνεργατικότητας αναφέρονται στην ικανότητα των επαγγελματιών να συνεργάζονται αποτελεσματικά μέσω ψηφιακών εργαλείων και τεχνολογιών. Η εκμάθηση και η απόκτηση αυτών των δεξιοτήτων αποτελούν προτεραιότητα για τους οργανισμούς που επιθυμούν να είναι ανταγωνιστικοί στον ψηφιακό επιχειρηματικό κόσμο. Κατά τη διάρκεια της εργασίας, θα εξεταστούν διάφορες πτυχές της ανάπτυξης των ψηφιακών συνεργατικών δεξιοτήτων, συμπεριλαμβανομένων των προκλήσεων που αντιμετωπίζουν οι εργαζόμενοι κατά τη διάρκεια της εκμάθησης, των στρατηγικών εκπαίδευσης και κατάρτισης που χρησιμοποιούνται για την προώθηση της συνεργασίας και της επίτευξης ικανοποιητικών αποτελεσμάτων, καθώς και των παραγόντων που επηρεάζουν την υιοθέτηση και αποδοχή των ψηφιακών εργαλείων συνεργατικότητας στον εργασιακό χώρο. Οι προτάσεις και οι συστάσεις που θα αναδυθούν από αυτήν τη μελέτη αναμένεται να συμβάλλουν στη βελτίωση της ανάπτυξης των ψηφιακών συνεργατικών δεξιοτήτων στον εργασιακό χώρο και στη διευκόλυνση της μετάβασης σε ένα ψηφιακά προηγμένο επαγγελματικό περιβάλλον. Επιπλέον, η έρευνα αυτή αντιμετωπίζει ένα επίκαιρο θέμα, καθώς η ψηφιακή μεταστροφή συνεχίζει να επηρεάζει τον τρόπο λειτουργίας των οργανισμών και των εργαζομένων. Μέσω αυτής της μεταπτυχιακής διπλωματικής εργασίας, αναμένεται να αναδειχθούν σημαντικές πτυχές και προτάσεις που θα συμβάλουν στην ενίσχυση της εκπαίδευσης και της επιμόρφωσης για την ανάπτυξη των ψηφιακών συνεργατικών δεξιοτήτων, επιτρέποντας στους εργαζόμενους να αποκτήσουν τις απαραίτητες δεξιότητες για την αποτελεσματική συνεργασία και την επιτυχημένη προσαρμογή στις απαιτήσεις της σύγχρονης επαγγελματικής σφαίρας και για την επίτευξη οργανωτικών στόχων.
Bifidobacterium animalis causes extensive duodenitis and mild colonic inflammation in monoassociated interleukin-10-deficient mice:
Creators: name: Tannock, Gerald W.
name: Moran, James P.
name: Walter, Jens
name: Sartor, Balfour R.
name: Tonkonogy, Susan L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: We recently showed that Bifidobacterium animalis is more prevalent within the colons of IL-10 deficient (−/−) mice than in wild type (WT) animals colonized with the same specific pathogen free (SPF) fecal contents. Here we tested the ability of this organism to cause T cell-mediated intestinal inflammation by introducing it into germ-free (GF) IL-10−/− mice.
Gene expression patterns in experimental colitis in IL-10-deficient mice:
Creators: name: Hansen, Jonathan J.
name: Holt, Lisa
name: Sartor, Balfour R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: While others have described gene expression patterns in humans with inflammatory bowel diseases and animals with chemically-induced colitis, a genome-wide comparison of gene expression in genetically susceptible animals that develop spontaneous colitis has not been reported. We used microarray technology to compare gene expression profiles in cecal specimens from specific pathogen-free IL10-deficient (IL10−/−) mice with colitis and normal wild-type (WT) mice. RNA isolated from ceca of IL10−/− and WT mice was subjected to microarray analysis. Results were confirmed by real-time PCR and immunofluorescence microscopy of selected molecules. Expression of the selected genes in DSS-treated mice with colitis and epithelial cell lines activated with pathophysiologic stimuli was measured by real-time PCR. Histological inflammation of the colon and IL-12/23p40 secretion from intestinal explants were greater in IL10−/− and DSS-treated mice vs. WT and untreated mice. Microarray analysis demonstrated >10-fold induction of the following molecules in the ceca of IL10−/− mice: Mitochondrial ribosomal protein-L33, aquaporin-4, indoleamine-pyrrole-2,3- dioxygenase, and MHC class II with 63, 25, 20, and 12-fold increases, respectively. Cytochrome-P450, pancreatic lipase-related protein-2, and transthyretin were down-regulated in IL10−/− mice. MHC II was increased throughout the colon, and aquaporin-4 was increased in the basolateral aspect of cecal epithelial cells. MHC II mRNA was increased in epithelial cells treated with IFNγ, but not TNF or Toll-like receptor ligands. Although most upregulated genes in experimental colitis are immune-related, aquaporin-4 and mitochondrial ribosomal protein, which have not been previously associated with inflammation, were most highly upregulated.
11 Briefe an [Johann Caspar] Lavater
Brief an Lavater ...
Creators: name: Hess, Johann Jakob
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1796

description: von J[ohann] J[akob] Heß
description: Hess: Antistes
description: Davon 1 Brief undatiert mit Antwort Lavaters, dat. 8.12.1797 (Nr. 174) und 1 Brief undatiert, nur Datum des Empfangs vorhanden (Nr. 178)
Updating Variational Bayes: Fast Sequential Posterior Inference
Creators: name: Tomasetti, Nathaniel
name: Forbes, Catherine
name: Panagiotelis, Anastasios
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: Variational Bayesian (VB) methods usually produce posterior inference in a time frame considerably smaller than traditional Markov Chain Monte Carlo approaches. Although the VB posterior is an approximation, it has been shown to produce good parameter estimates and predicted values when a rich class of approximating distributions are considered. In this paper we propose Updating VB (UVB), a recursive algorithm used to update a sequence of VB posterior approximations in an online setting, with the computation of each posterior update requiring only the data observed since the previous update. An extension to the proposed algorithm, named UVB-IS, allows the user to trade accuracy for a substantial increase in computational speed through the use of importance sampling. The two methods and their properties are detailed in two separate simulation studies. Two empirical illustrations of the proposed UVB methods are provided, including one where a Dirichlet Process Mixture model is repeatedly updated in the context of predicting the future behaviour of vehicles on a stretch of the US Highway 101.
Acid tolerance of lactate-utilizing bacteria of the order Bacteroidales contributes to prevention of ruminal acidosis in goats adapted to a high-concentrate diet
Creators: name: Lu, Zhongyan
name: Kong, Lingmeng
name: Ren, Shenhao
name: Aschenbach, Jörg R.
name: Shen, Hong
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ruminal microbiome
subject: Ruminal acidosis
subject: Acid tolerance
subject: Lactate metabolism
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: The rapid accumulation of organic acids, particularly lactate, has been suggested as the main cause of ruminal acidosis (RA) for ruminants fed high-concentrate diets. Previous research has shown that a gradual shift from low-to high-concentrate diets within 4 to 5 weeks effectively reduces the risk for RA. However, the mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, 20 goats were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 5) and fed with a diet containing a weekly increasing concentrate portion of 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80% over 28 d. At d 7, 14, 21, and 28, one group (named C20, C40, C60, and C80 according to the last concentrate level that they received) was killed and the ruminal microbiome was collected. Ruminal acidosis was not detected in any of the goats during the experiment. Nonetheless, ruminal pH dropped sharply from 6.2 to 5.7 (P < 0.05) when dietary concentrate increased from 40% to 60%. A combined metagenome and metatranscriptome sequencing approach identified that this was linked to a sharp decrease in the abundance and expression of genes encoding nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent lactate dehydrogenase (nLDH), catalyzing the enzymatic conversion of pyruvate to lactate (P < 0.01), whereas the expression of two genes encoding NAD-independent lactate dehydrogenase (iLDH), catalyzing lactate oxidation to pyruvate, showed no significant concomitant change. Abundance and expression alterations for nLDH- and iLDH-encoding genes were attributable to bacteria from Clostridiales and Bacteroidales, respectively. By analyzing the gene profiles of 9 metagenome bins (MAG) with nLDH-encoding genes and 5 MAG with iLDH-encoding genes, we identified primary and secondary active transporters as being the major types of sugar transporter for lactate-producing bacteria (LPB) and lactate-utilizing bacteria (LUB), respectively. Furthermore, more adenosine triphosphate was required for the phosphorylation of sugars to initiate their catabolic pathways in LPB compared to LUB. Thus, the low dependence of sugar transport systems and catabolic pathways on primary energy sources supports the acid tolerance of LUB from Bacteroidales. It favors ruminal lactate utilization during the adaptation of goats to a high-concentrate diet. This finding has valuable implications for the development of measures to prevent RA.
60 Briefe an [Johann] Caspar Lavater
Brief an Lavater ...
Creators: name: Hess, Heinrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1760

description: von Heinrich Heß
description: Davon 5 Briefe ohne Jahr (Nr. 53-57) und 4 Briefe undatiert (Nr. 58-61); bei all diesen Briefen sind vermutete Jahre von späterer Hand vorhanden
description: Davon 3 Briefe von Ehefrau Anna Hess-Schulthess (1740-1819) (Nr. 89, 93, 95); 1 Brief mit Beischrift von Anna Hess-Schulthess (Nr. 60) und 1 Brief von Felix Hess (1742-1768) (Nr. 99); 1 Brief mit Beischrift an Felix Hess ("lieber Bruder") (Nr. 81); 3 Briefe adressiert an mehrere Freunde, wohl Lavater und Bruder Felix Hess (Nr. 69, 90 und 92)
description: Davon 1 Brief mit eigenhändigen Notizen von Lavater (Nr. 111)
description: Dabei 1 Brieffragment (Abschrift?) aus Berlin von Unbekannt (sicher ein Zürcher, ev. Johann Heinrich Füssli oder Felix Hess, die mit Lavater zusammen auf der Reise waren, die dort hindurch führte) an "Lieber Freund", dat. Berlin, 31.3.1763 (Nr. 70)
Forecasting Swiss Exports Using Bayesian Forecast Reconciliation
Creators: name: Eckert, Florian
name: Hyndman, Rob J
name: Panagiotelis, Anastasios
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: This paper conducts an extensive forecasting study on 13,118 time series measuring Swiss goods exports, grouped hierarchically by export destination and product category. We apply existing state of the art methods in forecast reconciliation and introduce a novel Bayesian reconciliation framework. This approach allows for explicit estimation of reconciliation biases, leading to several innovations: Prior judgment can be used to assign weights to specific forecasts and the occurrence of negative reconciled forecasts can be ruled out. Overall we find strong evidence that in addition to producing coherent forecasts, reconciliation also leads to improvements in forecast accuracy.
Efficient approximation of high-dimensional exponentials by tensornetworks
Creators: name: Eigel, Martin
name: Farchmin, Nando
name: Heidenreich, Sebastian
name: Trunschke, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.2; G.1

description: In this work a general approach to compute a compressed representation of the exponential $\exp(h)$ of a high-dimensional function $h$ is presented. Such exponential functions play an important role in several problems in Uncertainty Quantification, e.g. the approximation of log-normal random fields or the evaluation of Bayesian posterior measures. Usually, these high-dimensional objects are intractable numerically and can only be accessed pointwise in sampling methods. In contrast, the proposed method constructs a functional representation of the exponential by exploiting its nature as a solution of an ordinary differential equation. The application of a Petrov--Galerkin scheme to this equation provides a tensor train representation of the solution for which we derive an efficient and reliable a posteriori error estimator. Numerical experiments with a log-normal random field and a Bayesian likelihood illustrate the performance of the approach in comparison to other recent low-rank representations for the respective applications. Although the present work considers only a specific differential equation, the presented method can be applied in a more general setting. We show that the composition of a generic holonomic function and a high-dimensional function corresponds to a differential equation that can be used in our method. Moreover, the differential equation can be modified to adapt the norm in the a posteriori error estimates to the problem at hand.
Linguistic signs in action: The neuropragmatics of speech acts
Creators: name: Tomasello, Rosario
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuropragmatics
subject: Speech acts
subject: Communicative functions
subject: Pragmatics
subject: Dialogue structure
subject: Social interaction
subject: Language games
subject: Context
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: What makes human communication exceptional is the ability to grasp speaker’s intentions beyond what is said verbally. How the brain processes communicative functions is one of the central concerns of the neurobiology of language and pragmatics. Linguistic-pragmatic theories define these functions as speech acts, and various pragmatic traits characterise them at the levels of propositional content, action sequence structure, related commitments and social aspects. Here I discuss recent neurocognitive studies, which have shown that the use of identical linguistic signs in conveying different communicative functions elicits distinct and ultra-rapid neural responses. Interestingly, cortical areas show differential involvement underlying various pragmatic features related to theory-of-mind, emotion and action for specific speech acts expressed with the same utterances. Drawing on a neurocognitive model, I posit that understanding speech acts involves the expectation of typical partner follow-up actions and that this predictive knowledge is immediately reflected in mind and brain.
title: Αξία σε κίνδυνο (VaR) : εκτίμηση & εφαρμογές στην θεωρία συλλογικού κινδύνου
title: Value At Risk : estimation & applications in collective risk theory
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ντούνη, Ουρανία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Value at Risk

description: Το Value at Risk (VaR) αποτελεί ένα από τα ευρύτερα χρησιμοποιούμενα μέτρα για την αποτίμηση του κινδύνου που συνδέεται με ένα χαρτοφυλάκιο στο χώρο της ασφαλιστικής και των χρηματοοικονομικών. Στη παρούσα εργασία θα δοθεί μια επισκόπηση της σημασίας του κινδύνου, των διαφόρων μεθόδων που χρησιμοποιούνται για την εκτίμηση του VaR, καθώς και μια σύγκριση με άλλα μέτρα κινδύνου. Στόχος της διαχείρισης κινδύνου είναι η επίτευξη της μέγιστης κερδοφορίας, αξιοποιώντας κάθε πιθανό όφελος, και ελαχιστοποιώντας κάθε πιθανό ενδεχόμενο πραγματοποίησης ζημιάς με την μικρότερη δυνατή απώλεια. Επίσης θα μελετηθεί η χρήση του VaR ως ένα ποσοτικό εργαλείο αποτίμησης του κινδύνου στο συλλογικό πρότυπο, και θα δοθούν παραδείγματα υπολογισμού του VaR τόσο αναλυτικά όσο και με προσομοίωση.
Species- and sex-dependent changes in body size between 1892 and 2017, and recent biochemical signatures in rural and urban populations of two ground beetle species
Creators: name: Keinath, Silvia
name: Frisch, Johannes
name: Müller, Johannes
name: Mayer, Frieder
name: Struck, Ulrich
name: Rödel, Mark-Oliver
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: carbon
subject: Harpalus affinis
subject: Harpalus rufipes
subject: nitrogen
subject: spatio-temporal gradient
subject: stable isotopes
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Increasing urbanisation and intensified agriculture lead to rapid transitions of ecosystems. Species that persist throughout rapid transitions may respond to environmental changes across space and/or time, for instance by altering morphological and/or biochemical traits. We used natural history museum specimens, covering the Anthropocene epoch, to obtain long-term data combined with recent samples. We tested whether rural and urban populations of two ground beetle species, Harpalus affinis and H. rufipes, exhibit spatio-temporal intraspecific differences in body size. On a spatial scale, we tested signatures of nitrogen and carbon stable isotopes enrichments in different tissues and body components in recent populations of both species from urban and agricultural habitats. For body size examinations, we used beetles, collected from the early 20th century until 2017 in the Berlin-Brandenburg region, Germany, where urbanisation and agriculture have intensified throughout the last century. For stable isotope examinations, we used recent beetles from urban and agricultural habitats. Our results revealed no spatio-temporal changes in body size in both species' females. Body size of H. rufipes males decreased in the city but remained constant in rural areas over time. We discuss our findings with respect to habitat quality, urban heat and interspecific differences in activity pattern. Although nitrogen isotope ratios were mostly higher in specimens from agricultural habitats, some urban beetles reached equal enrichments. Carbon signatures of both species did not differ between habitats, detecting no differences in energy sources. Our results indicate that increasing urbanisation and intensified agriculture are influencing species' morphology and/or biochemistry. However, changes may be species- and sex-specific.
Genetic dissection of granulomatous enterocolitis and arthritis in the intramural peptidoglycan-polysaccharide-treated rat model of IBD:
Creators: name: Mähler, M.
name: Li, F.
name: Hopf, S.
name: Sartor, Balfour R.
name: van Lith, H. A.
name: Bleich, A.
name: Hedrich, H. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Inflammatory arthropathies are common extraintestinal manifestations of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). As genetic susceptibility plays an important role in the etiology of IBD, we questioned how granulomatous enterocolitis and arthritis are genetically controlled in an experimental animal model displaying both conditions.
title: Ψηφιακή τεχνολογία στην πράσινη ναυτιλία
title: Digital technology in green shipping
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Καλαμάκη, Νεκταρία-Ξανθίππη
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Πράσινη ναυτιλία
Πράσινα καύσιμα
Συστήματα καθαρισμού καυσαερίων
Αιολικά συστήματα πρόωσης
Προστασία θαλάσσιου περιβάλλοντος
LNG
Βιοκαύσιμα
Green shipping

description: Στον σημερινό κόσμο, η επίτευξη ενός καθαρού περιβάλλοντος είναι απόλυτη αναγκαιότητα λόγω του επείγοντος ζητήματος της κλιματικής αλλαγής. Μεταξύ των πολλών συντελεστών της ρύπανσης, η ναυτιλιακή βιομηχανία ξεχωρίζει ως σημαντικός παράγοντας, ιδίως δεδομένης της σημαντικής ανάπτυξης του παγκόσμιου εμπορίου τα τελευταία χρόνια. Ευτυχώς, υπάρχει μια λύση άμεσα διαθέσιμη: η υιοθέτηση φιλικών προς το περιβάλλον πρακτικών στον τομέα της ναυτιλίας. Η πράσινη ναυτιλία, στον πυρήνα της, περιλαμβάνει την εφαρμογή οικολογικών μέτρων και τεχνολογιών στη ναυτιλιακή βιομηχανία. Οι πρωταρχικοί στόχοι του περιλαμβάνουν τη μείωση της έκλυσης επιβλαβών ρύπων από τα καύσιμα των πλοίων, την προώθηση της ανάπτυξης και χρήσης καθαρότερων πηγών καυσίμων και την ελαχιστοποίηση της παραγωγής αποβλήτων στα πλοία. Στην προσπάθεια περιορισμού των εκπομπών και προστασίας του περιβάλλοντος, τα scrubbers αναδεικνύονται ως ένα εξαιρετικά αποτελεσματικό εργαλείο. Με βάση τις ισχύουσες και τις επερχόμενες απαιτήσεις, καθώς και τους διεθνείς κανονισμούς που αφορούν την προστασία του περιβάλλοντος, αναμένεται το μέλλον της παγκόσμιας ναυτιλίας να είναι άμεσα συνδεδεμένο με φιλικότερες προς το περιβάλλον πρακτικές για τον περιορισμό στο ελάχιστο δυνατό του αποτυπώματος άνθρακα από τα πλοία μέχρι το 2050. Στην εργασία γίνεται περιγραφή των σημαντικότερων «πράσινων» τεχνολογιών, που μπορούν να συμβάλλουν στην επίτευξη των περιβαλλοντικών στόχων για τη ναυτιλία, ενώ παράλληλα παρουσιάζονται τεχνικές πληροφορίες για κάθε μία από τις τεχνολογίες αυτές. Τέλος προτείνεται ένα νέο επιχειρηματικό μοντέλο για την βελτιστοποίηση την πράσινης ναυτιλίας στον Ελλαδικό χώρο.
The Timeline of Early Lunar Bombardment Constrained by the Evolving Distributions of Differently Aged Melt
Creators: name: Liu, Tiantian
name: Michael, Greg
name: Wünnemann, Kai
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: early lunar bombardment
subject: timeline
subject: melt age distribution
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie::520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: The timeline of the early lunar bombardment remains unclear. The bombardment rate as a function of time is commonly modeled by three types of shapes: tail-end, sawtooth, and terminal cataclysm. Differently aged melt records the occurrence time of impact events and thus is crucial for constraining the timeline of the early lunar bombardment. Based on a spatially resolved numerical model, we simulate the evolving distribution of differently aged melt with a long-term impact mixing, where different shapes of impact rate function are considered. We compare the outcome of melt age distribution from different scenarios with the actual data from the lunar meteorites and the returned samples. The results suggest that, if the present data are representative of the melt age distribution on the Moon, the shape of the impact rate function is more likely comparable to the tail-end over the sawtooth and the terminal cataclysm, with the terminal cataclysm being least likely. In addition, using state-of-the-art U–Pb dating techniques, more abundant ancient basin melt is likely to be found in returned samples.
Additional file 1 of SALL1 functions as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer by regulating cancer cell senescence and metastasis through the NuRD complex
Creators: name: Ma, Chunling
name: Wang, Fang
name: Han, Bing
name: Zhong, Xiaoli
name: Si, Fusheng
name: Ye, Jian
name: Hsueh, Eddy C.
name: Robbins, Lynn
name: Kiefer, Susan M.
name: Zhang, Yanping
name: Hunborg, Pamela
name: Varvares, Mark A.
name: Rauchman, Michael
name: Peng, Guangyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Figure S1. SALL1 and SALL4 expression levels in different types of human cancers. (A) SALL1 expression in tumor cells in breast cancer and melanoma tissues was determined using the immunohistochemical staining. Numbers of SALL1+ tumor cells in melanoma tissues were much higher than those in breast cancer tissues. Expression level of each dot shown in the right panel is the average numbers of SALL1+ cells per high field (400 x) in each tissue sample. The median number of SALL1+ cells in each group is shown as a horizontal line. Significance was determined by unpaired T test. (B) The COSMIC analysis shows the mutations and the promoter methylation status of SALL1 gene in breast cancer tissues. (C) SALL1 promoter genes are highly methylated in the primary breast cancer tissues comparison with solid normal tissues. The 2 specific molecular probes which span the proximal promoter region of SALL1 gene were selected based on the information in COSMIC. The box plots showed that the methylation β value of particular promoter regions in the tissues. N indicated the number of sample size. **P
Efficacy of methotrexate in ulcerative colitis: Failure or promise
Creators: name: Sands, Bruce E.
name: Lewis, James D.
name: Herfarth, Hans H.
name: Isaacs, Kim L.
name: Osterman, Mark T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Low-dose methotrexate is a widely used and efficacious therapy in chronic inflammatory disorders such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. Prospective randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the efficacy of parenteral methotrexate in Crohn’s disease (CD). We performed a systematic review of the efficacy of methotrexate in ulcerative colitis (UC) and discuss the results in the context of the known pharmacokinetics and adverse events of methotrexate therapy in inflammatory bowel diseases and other inflammatory conditions.
Additional file 1: of SALL1 functions as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer by regulating cancer cell senescence and metastasis through the NuRD complex
Creators: name: Ma, Chunling
name: Wang, Fang
name: Han, Bing
name: Zhong, Xiaoli
name: Si, Fusheng
name: Ye, Jian
name: Hsueh, Eddy
name: Robbins, Lynn
name: Kiefer, Susan
name: Zhang, Yanping
name: Hunborg, Pamela
name: Varvares, Mark
name: Rauchman, Michael
name: Peng, Guangyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Figure S1. SALL1 and SALL4 expression levels in different types of human cancers. (A) SALL1 expression in tumor cells in breast cancer and melanoma tissues was determined using the immunohistochemical staining. Numbers of SALL1+ tumor cells in melanoma tissues were much higher than those in breast cancer tissues. Expression level of each dot shown in the right panel is the average numbers of SALL1+ cells per high field (400 x) in each tissue sample. The median number of SALL1+ cells in each group is shown as a horizontal line. Significance was determined by unpaired T test. (B) The COSMIC analysis shows the mutations and the promoter methylation status of SALL1 gene in breast cancer tissues. (C) SALL1 promoter genes are highly methylated in the primary breast cancer tissues comparison with solid normal tissues. The 2 specific molecular probes which span the proximal promoter region of SALL1 gene were selected based on the information in COSMIC. The box plots showed that the methylation β value of particular promoter regions in the tissues. N indicated the number of sample size. **P
Stbd1-deficient mice display insulin resistance associated with enhanced hepatic ER-mitochondria contact
Creators: name: Kyriakoudi, Styliana
name: Theodoulou, Andria
name: Potamiti, Louiza
name: Schumacher, Fabian
name: Zachariou, Margarita
name: Papacharalambous, Revekka
name: Kleuser, Burkhard
name: Panayiotidis, Mihalis I.
name: Drousiotou, Anthi
name: Petrou, Petros P.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: STBD1
subject: Insulin resistance
subject: Glycogen
subject: Mitochondria-ER Contact sites
subject: Mitochondrial fragmentation
subject: Mice
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Starch binding domain-containing protein 1 (STBD1) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident, glycogen-binding protein. In addition to glycogen, STBD1 has been shown to interact with several proteins implicated in glycogen synthesis and degradation, yet its function in glycogen metabolism remains largely unknown. In addition to the bulk of the ER, STBD1 has been reported to localize at regions of physical contact between mitochondria and the ER, known as Mitochondria-ER Contact sites (MERCs). Given the emerging correlation between distortions in the integrity of hepatic MERCs and insulin resistance, our study aimed to delineate the role of STBD1 in vivo by addressing potential abnormalities in glucose metabolism and ER-mitochondria communication associated with insulin resistance in mice with targeted inactivation of Stbd1 (Stbd1KO). We show that Stbd1KO mice at the age of 24 weeks displayed reduced hepatic glycogen content and aberrant control of glucose homeostasis, compatible with insulin resistance. In line with the above, Stbd1-deficient mice presented with increased fasting blood glucose and insulin levels, attenuated activation of insulin signaling in the liver and skeletal muscle and elevated liver sphingomyelin content, in the absence of hepatic steatosis. Furthermore, Stbd1KO mice were found to exhibit enhanced ER-mitochondria association and increased mitochondrial fragmentation in the liver. Nevertheless, the enzymatic activity of hepatic respiratory chain complexes and ER stress levels in the liver were not altered. Our findings identify a novel important role for STBD1 in the control of glucose metabolism, associated with the integrity of hepatic MERCs.
Optimal Non-negative Forecast Reconciliation
Creators: name: Wickramasuriya, Shanika L
name: Turlach, Berwin A
name: Hyndman, Rob J
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: The sum of forecasts of a disaggregated time series are often required to equal the forecast of the aggregate. The least squares solution for finding coherent forecasts uses a reconciliation approach known as MinT, proposed by Wickramasuriya, Athanasopoulos and Hyndman (2019). The MinT approach and its variants do not guarantee that the coherent forecasts are nonnegative, even when all of the original forecasts are non-negative in nature. This has become aserious issue in applications that are inherently non-negative such as with sales data or tourism numbers. While overcoming this difficulty, we consider the analytical solution of MinT as a least squares minimization problem. The non-negativity constraints are then imposed on the minimization problem to ensure that the coherent forecasts are strictly non-negative. Considering the dimension and sparsity of the matrices involved, and the alternative representation of MinT, this constrained quadratic programming problem is solved using three algorithms. They are the block principal pivoting algorithm, projected conjugate gradient algorithm, and scaled gradient projection algorithm. A Monte Carlo simulation is performed to evaluate the computational performances of these algorithms. The results demonstrate that the block principal pivoting algorithm clearly outperforms the rest, and projected conjugate gradient is the second best. The superior performance of the block principal pivoting algorithm can be partially attributed to the alternative representation of the weight matrix in the MinT approach. An empirical investigation is carried out to assess the impact of imposing non-negativity constraints on forecast reconciliation. It is observed that slight gains in forecast accuracy have occurred at the most disaggregated level. At the aggregated level slight losses are also observed. Although the gains or losses are negligible, the procedure plays an important role in decision and policy implementation processes.
Disease phenotype and genotype are associated with shifts in intestinal-associated microbiota in inflammatory bowel diseases:
Creators: name: Zhu, Wei
name: Frank, Daniel N.
name: Hamm, Christina M.
name: Zhang, Tianyi
name: Chen, Hongyan
name: Sartor, R. Balfour
name: Boedeker, Edgar C.
name: Li, Ellen
name: Robertson, Charles E.
name: Pace, Norman R.
name: Harpaz, Noam
name: Kpadeh, Zegbeh
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Abnormal host-microbe interactions are implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases. Previous 16S rRNA sequence analysis of intestinal tissues demonstrated that a subset of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) samples exhibited altered intestinal associated microbial compositions characterized by depletion of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes (particularly Clostridium taxa). We hypothesize that NOD2 and ATG16L1 risk alleles may be associated with these alterations.
Bacteriophage cocktail application for Campylobacter mitigation - from in vitro to in vivo
Creators: name: Peh, Elisa
name: Szott, Vanessa
name: Reichelt, Benjamin
name: Friese, Anika
name: Rösler, Uwe
name: Plötz, Madeleine
name: Kittler, Sophie
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Phage therapy
subject: Chicken
subject: Campylobacter
subject: Susceptibility
subject: Antibacterial
subject: Resistance
subject: Drinking water
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Background Effective strategies are urgently needed to control Campylobacteriosis, one of the most important foodborne gastrointestinal diseases worldwide. Administering bacteriophages (phages) is under evaluation as a possible intervention strategy in primary poultry production to reduce the public health risk of human infection. A major challenge is the translation of results from small-scale animal studies to large broiler flocks. In this study, the in vitro lytic activity of 18 Campylobacter-specific group II phages and 19 group III phages were examined singly, and in different combinations from the same group and from both groups using a planktonic killing assay. Based on these results, a combination of phage NCTC 12,673 (group III) and vB_CcM-LmqsCPL1/1 (group II) was selected for in vivo application in a seeder bird model to study its effectiveness under conditions as close as possible to field conditions. One hundred eighty Ross 308 broiler chickens were divided into a control and a treatment group. Ten days post hatch, seeder birds were orally inoculated with the C. jejuni target strain. Phages were administered via drinking water at a total concentration of 107 PFU/mL four, three, and two days before necropsy. Results Combining group II and group III phages resulted in significantly higher in vitro growth inhibition against the C. jejuni target strain BfR-CA-14,430 than single application or combinations of phages from the same group. The results of the animal trial showed that the application of the two phages significantly reduced Campylobacter counts in cloacal swabs. At necropsy, Campylobacter counts in colonic content of the treatment group were significantly reduced by 2 log10 units compared to the control group. Conclusions We demonstrated that combining phages of groups II and III results in significantly increased lytic activities. The in vitro results were successfully translated into practical application in a study design close to field conditions, providing new data to apply phages in conventional broiler flocks in the future. Phage application reduced the fecal Campylobacter excretion and Campylobacter concentrations in the colon of broilers.
Fitting Structural Equation Models via Variational Approximations
Creators: name: Dang, Khue-Dung
name: Maestrini, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Structural equation models are commonly used to capture the relationship between sets of observed and unobservable variables. Traditionally these models are fitted using frequentist approaches but recently researchers and practitioners have developed increasing interest in Bayesian inference. In Bayesian settings, inference for these models is typically performed via Markov chain Monte Carlo methods, which may be computationally intensive for models with a large number of manifest variables or complex structures. Variational approximations can be a fast alternative; however, they have not been adequately explored for this class of models. We develop a mean field variational Bayes approach for fitting elemental structural equation models and demonstrate how bootstrap can considerably improve the variational approximation quality. We show that this variational approximation method can provide reliable inference while being significantly faster than Markov chain Monte Carlo.
Additional file 1 of Transdiagnostic alterations in neural emotion regulation circuits – neural substrates of cognitive reappraisal in patients with depression and post-traumatic stress disorder
Creators: name: Keller, Micha
name: Mendoza-Quiñones, Raul
name: Cabrera Muñoz, Amaray
name: Iglesias-Fuster, Jorge
name: Virués, Anette Valdés
name: Zvyagintsev, Mikhail
name: Edgar, J. Christopher
name: Zweerings, Jana
name: Mathiak, Klaus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Regions demonstrating significant activations (reappraise > view) or deactivations (view > reappraise) in healthy controls, patients with MDD and patients with PTSD. Appendix 2. Between group differences in intrinsic connectivity as a measure of a voxel-analysis during cognitive reappraisal (reappraise > view).
Gut microbial diversity is reduced by the probiotic VSL#3 and correlates with decreased TNBS-induced colitis:
Creators: name: Arthur, Janelle C.
name: Carroll, Ian M.
name: Jobin, Christian
name: Appleyard, Caroline B.
name: Keku, Temitope
name: Cruz, Myrella L.
name: Uronis, Joshua M.
name: Fodor, Anthony
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Compositional changes within the normal intestinal microbiota have been associated with the development of various intestinal inflammatory disorders such as pouchitis and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Therefore, it has been speculated that manipulation of a dysbiotic intestinal microbiota has the potential to restore microbial homeostasis and attenuate inflammation.
Implementation of harmonised epidemiological indicators (HEIs) for pigs – A Europe-wide online survey
Creators: name: Li, Ting-Ting
name: Langforth, Susann
name: Langkabel, Nina
name: Sotiraki, Smaragda
name: Anastasiadou, Sofia
name: Nesbakken, Truls
name: Meemken, Diana
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Risk-based meat inspection
subject: Food chain information
subject: Meat safety
subject: Salmonella
subject: Monitoring
subject: Foodborne disease
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: In 2011, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) introduced harmonised epidemiological indicators (HEIs) for pigs to be utilised as part of the risk-based meat inspection within the meat safety assurance framework. However, the application of HEIs is not regulated by law. HEIs enable risk categorisation of farms regarding the main foodborne biological hazards associated with pigs and pork in Europe: Salmonella, Yersinia enterocolitica, Toxoplasma gondii, Trichinella and Cysticercus cellulosae. A questionnaire was developed to evaluate the current implementation of HEIs for pigs in Europe and was targeted at official veterinarians and food business operators experienced or involved in the official monitoring and surveillance at abattoirs. The study examined which of the HEIs for pigs were applied by asking for i) the corresponding private and/or official monitoring and surveillance systems (MoSSs) in place, ii) the stages at which the testing was conducted, iii) the diagnostic methods and iv) the sample materials used. In general, 88% of the respondents stated monitoring for Salmonella, 10% for Yersinia enterocolitica, 2% for Toxoplasma gondii, 90% for Trichinella and 31% for Cysticercus cellulosae was in place. In most cases, MoSSs for Salmonella, Trichinella and Cysticercus cellulosae were in place at abattoir level. Monitoring for these pathogens at abattoir level is already regulated by EU legislation. When corresponding HEIs for a regulated pathogen existed, they largely overlapped with the testing regime of the MoSSs. HEIs for the same pathogens that focus on a different stage of the food chain were mostly declared by respondents to not have been implemented; the same situation was found with HEIs for the other pig-associated hazards, Yersinia enterocolitica and Toxoplasma gondii. The results also revealed some alarming inconsistencies in the mandatory monitoring prescribed by EU regulations. Some respondents demonstrated a lack of understanding regarding diagnostic procedures, failing to correctly match diagnostic methods with the appropriate sample materials or vice versa. While HEIs provide valuable data, especially in terms of a novel risk-based meat safety assurance system, this survey showed that they are currently underutilised for pigs in Europe.
14 Briefe an [Johann Caspar] Lavater
Brief an Lavater ...
Creators: name: Hess, Salomon
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1792

description: von S[alomon] Heß
description: Hess: Diakon, Pfarrer am St. Peter in Zürich
description: Davon 1 Brief mit Beischrift von Lavater, dat. 5.8.1795 (Nr. 154)
Seasonal Functional Autoregressive Models
Creators: name: Zamani, Atefeh
name: Haghbin, Hossein
name: Hashemi, Maryam
name: Hyndman, Rob J
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: Functional autoregressive models are popular for functional time series analysis, but the standard formulation fails to address seasonal behaviour in functional time series data. To overcome this shortcoming, we introduce seasonal functional autoregressive time series models. For the model of order one, we derive sufficient stationarity conditions and limiting behavior, and provide estimation and prediction methods. Some properties of the general order P model are also presented. The merits of these models are demonstrated using simulation studies and via an application to real data.
Teleparallel Gravity: From Theory to Cosmology
Creators: name: Bahamonde, Sebastian
name: Dialektopoulos, Konstantinos F.
name: Escamilla-Rivera, Celia
name: Farrugia, Gabriel
name: Gakis, Viktor
name: Hendry, Martin
name: Hohmann, Manuel
name: Said, Jackson Levi
name: Mifsud, Jurgen
name: Di Valentino, Eleonora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Teleparallel gravity has significantly increased in popularity in recent decades, bringing attention to Einstein's other theory of gravity. In this Review, we relate this form of geometry to the broader metric-affine approach to forming gravitational theories where we describe a systematic way of constructing consistent teleparallel theories that respect certain physical conditions such as local Lorentz invariance. We first use teleparallel gravity to formulate a teleparallel equivalent of general relativity which is dynamically equivalent to general relativity but which may have different behaviors for other scenarios, such as quantum gravity. After setting this foundation, we describe the plethora of modified teleparallel theories of gravity that have been proposed in the literature. In the second part of the Review, we first survey works in teleparallel astrophysics literature where we focus on the open questions in this regime of physics. We then discuss the cosmological consequences for the various formulations of teleparallel gravity. We do this at background level by exploring works using various approaches ranging from dynamical systems to Noether symmetries, and more. Naturally, we then discuss perturbation theory, firstly by giving a concise approach in which this can be applied in teleparallel gravity theories and then apply it to a number of important theories in the literature. Finally, we examine works in observational and precision cosmology across the plethora of proposal theories. This is done using some of the latest observations and is used to tackle cosmological tensions which may be alleviated in teleparallel cosmology. We also introduce a number of recent works in the application of machine learning to gravity, we do this through deep learning and Gaussian processes, together with discussions about other approaches in the literature.
description: 391 pages, 55 figures
Representing Life and Death in Care Institutions: Between Invisible Victims and Suffering Old Women
Creators: name: Adlung, Shari
name: Backes, Annabella
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: ageing
subject: agency
subject: Covid-19
subject: German newspapers
subject: institutionalised care
subject: media representation
subject: vulnerability
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::070 Publizistische Medien, Journalismus, Verlagswesen::070 Publizistische Medien, Journalismus, Verlagswesen

description: The article examines the representation and (in)visibility of ageing people in German care institutions during the Covid-19 pandemic. Within the framework of a qualitative content-analytical and discourse-analytical study of 185 articles, including 108 images from German newspapers, the authors trace the patterns behind the representation of ageing people. In so doing, they argue that in the media discourse ageing people are often represented without agency and in a strongly homogenised way as “others.” By emphasising pre-existing conditions and vulnerability, older and disabled people appear naturally at risk. The article also problematises the mere counting of life and death in care institutions, which contributes to a naturalisation and symbolic annihilation of the death of ageing people. Furthermore, the authors identify the notion of the suffering old woman as a key figure in pandemic media discourse, performing a critical function. She embodies an appeal to society to show sympathy and solidarity and to act reasonably with respect to the pandemic measures yet contains no elements of discursive agency or personal characteristics beyond that. Additionally, the suffering old woman reinforces traditional patterns of patriarchal representation. The authors conclude that the pandemic has placed the German care crisis in settings of institutionalised geriatric care into the media spotlight. However, the comprehensive inclusion of ageing people has been absent. Emphasising one’s own ability and thus adapting to the midlife years seems to be the only way to precarious inclusion for ageing people in the discourse.
Impact of capsule endoscopy on management of inflammatory bowel disease: A single tertiary care center experience:
Creators: name: Barnes, Edward
name: Herfarth, Hans H.
name: Long, Millie D.
name: Isaacs, Kim
name: Morgan, Douglas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Capsule endoscopy (CE) is performed to assess inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We aimed to define results of CE in subtypes of IBD and to determine whether CE results in management changes.