cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Salicylaldehydes as privileged synthons in multicomponent reactions
Creators: name: Mommahed Heravi, Majid
name: Mollaiye, Malihe
name: Heydari, Masumeh
name: Koshvandi, Afsaneh Taheri Kal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30203 Inorganic Green Chemistry
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry

description: Salicylaldehyde (2-hydroxybenzaldehyde) bearing two different active functional groups, namely, a hydroxy group and an aldehyde group, finds wide application as a key chemical in a variety of industrial processes, especially in the large-scale production of pharmaceuticals. Salicylaldehyde and most of its derivatives are commercially available or readily accessible, and hence are ideal starting materials for multicomponent reactions (MCRs), mostly in pseudo-three and four-component ones, giving rise to a plethora of heterocyclic systems. The importance of salicylaldehyde and an impressive amount of studies concerning its applications in MCRs prompted us to highlight in this review the important role of this compound as a privileged synthon in the synthesis of heterocycles.  
Development and application of an in-situ forming, biohybrid scaffold for wound repair
Creators: name: Hartwell, Ryan Victor
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Tissue engineering has advanced rapidly over the past decade in an effort to address unmet medical needs in burn and chronic wound treatment. Each year, over 1 million patients seek medical attention for burn injuries in North America. Moreover, chronic wounds in the elderly and those with diabetes comprise the largest single segment of wound care. Without question current treatments are costly and challenging for healthcare professionals. When autografts are not possible, skin substitutes are often employed as alternative coverage. Although these strategies have dramatically improved healing in patients, they are limited by the time they take to fully integrate with surrounding tissue. Our idea to bridge the gap is to create a patient-ready skin substitute. Moving toward a skin substitute that is readily available for the patient, I developed an in-situ gelling scaffold that permits integration with surrounding tissue. Furthermore, it was my goal to create a system that resists cell mediated contracture and digestion, and provide an ideal environment for tissue repair. My hypothesis was that the fabrication of a composite matrix of collagen and a blended-polymer hydrogel would result in a material that could be lyophilized, reconstituted and gel rapidly in-situ. The objectives of this work are fourfold: (1) develop, characterize, optimize and evaluate the functionality of a reconstitutable in situ forming scaffold in vitro; (2) evaluate the efficacy of the scaffold to perform within an acute wound; (3) evaluate methods to tailor the scaffold to be used as a cell delivery vehicle; and (4) develop a prototype model product that could translated to the clinic. Satisfying the objectives of this work have demonstrated that with a biocompatible concentration of hydrogel collagen fibrillogenesis activation energy can be lowered, and the mechanical and physical properties of the resulting scaffold are enhanced. The resulting scaffold can be further lyophilized and reconstituted to form composite skin and other matrices both in vitro and in vivo. Assuming that regulatory requirements are met, the scaffold has the potential to improve the quality of life of patients with devastating chronic wounds and burns, and advance further knowledge in the field of tissue engineering.
Signature of Collision of Magnetic Flux Tubes in the Quiet Solar Photosphere
Creators: name: Andic, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collision of the magnetic flux tubes in the Quiet Sun was proposed as one of the possible sources for the heating of the solar atmosphere (Furusawa and Sakai, 2000). The solar photosphere was observed using the New Solar Telescope ad Big Bear Solar Observatory. In TiO spectral line at 705.68 nm we approached resolution of 0.1". The horizontal plasma wave was observed spreading from the larger bright point. Shorty after this wave an increase in the oscillatory power appeared at the same location as the observed bright point. This behavior matches some of the results from the simulation of the collision of the two flux tubes with a weak current.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, Presented as poster at IAU Symposium 273, 2010
title: Examining Trends and Experiences of the Last Four Years of Socially Engineered Ransomware Attacks
Creators: name: Seymour, William
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: This study examines and reports the trends of social engineering-based ransomware attacks over the past four years from three major technology corporations. The focus of the reports was on major threat actors and their attacks against the corporations and their clients. The data were organized chronologically by year, and prevalent or abnormal findings were shared in this report. It was found that social engineering attacks were tremendously effective. Many ransomware attacks stemmed from Phishing. Social engineering approaches allowed attackers to conduct breaches using ransomware applications like GandCrab and Ryuk. Humans are incredibly susceptible and fall for social engineering tactics- primarily Phishing. The information reflected in this report ought to be used to motivate businesses to increase spending and training opportunities for employees to help defend against these social engineering-based attacks.
Faraday optical isolator in the 9.2 $μ$m range for QCL applications
Creators: name: Hilico, Laurent
name: Douillet, Albane
name: Karr, Jean-Philippe
name: Tournie, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have fabricated and characterized a n-doped InSb Faraday isolator in the mid-IR range (9.2 $μ$m). A high isolation ratio of $\approx$30 dB with a transmission over 80% (polarizer losses not included) is obtained at room temperature. Further possible improvements are discussed. A similar design can be used to cover a wide wavelength range (lambda ~ 7.5-30 $μ$m).
The Pursuit of Effective Artificial Tactile Speech Communication: Improvements and Cognitive Characteristics of a Phonemic-based Approach
Creators: name: Martinez, Juan S
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Speech recognition
Electronics, sensors and digital hardware not elsewhere classified
Human-computer interaction
Biomedical imaging
Cognitive neuroscience

description: Tactile speech communication allows individuals to understand speech by sensations transmitted through the sense of touch. Devices that enable tactile speech communication can be an effective means to transmit important messages when the visual and/or auditory systems are overloaded or impaired. This has applications in silent communication and for people with hearing and/or visual impairments. An effective artificial speech communication system must be learned in a reasonable time and be easily remembered. Moreover, it must transmit any word at suitable rates for speech communication. The pursuit of a system that fulfills these requirements is a complex task that requires work in different areas. This thesis presents advancements in four of them. First is the matter of encoding speech information. Here, a phonemic-based approach allowed participants to recognize of tactile phonemes, words, phrases and full sentences. Second is the issue of training users in the use of the system. To this end, this thesis investigated the phenomenon of incidental categorization of vibrotactile stimuli as the foundation of more natural methods to learn a tactile speech communication system. Third is the matter of the neural processing of the tactile speech information. Here, an exploration of the functional characteristics of the phonemic-based approach using EEG was conducted. Finally, there is the matter of implementing the system for consumer use. In this area, this work addresses practical considerations of delivering rich haptic effects with current wearable technologies. These are informative for the design of actuators used in tactile speech communication devices.
Fast, Linear Time Hierarchical Clustering using the Baire Metric
Creators: name: Contreras, Pedro
name: Murtagh, Fionn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.3
subject: 11Z05

description: The Baire metric induces an ultrametric on a dataset and is of linear computational complexity, contrasted with the standard quadratic time agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithm. In this work we evaluate empirically this new approach to hierarchical clustering. We compare hierarchical clustering based on the Baire metric with (i) agglomerative hierarchical clustering, in terms of algorithm properties; (ii) generalized ultrametrics, in terms of definition; and (iii) fast clustering through k-means partititioning, in terms of quality of results. For the latter, we carry out an in depth astronomical study. We apply the Baire distance to spectrometric and photometric redshifts from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey using, in this work, about half a million astronomical objects. We want to know how well the (more costly to determine) spectrometric redshifts can predict the (more easily obtained) photometric redshifts, i.e. we seek to regress the spectrometric on the photometric redshifts, and we use clusterwise regression for this.
description: 27 pages, 6 tables, 10 figures
Markov processes on the path space of the Gelfand-Tsetlin graph and on its boundary
Creators: name: Borodin, Alexei
name: Olshanski, Grigori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a four-parameter family of Markov processes on infinite Gelfand-Tsetlin schemes that preserve the class of central (Gibbs) measures. Any process in the family induces a Feller Markov process on the infinite-dimensional boundary of the Gelfand-Tsetlin graph or, equivalently, the space of extreme characters of the infinite-dimensional unitary group U(infinity). The process has a unique invariant distribution which arises as the decomposing measure in a natural problem of harmonic analysis on U(infinity) posed in arXiv:math/0109193. As was shown in arXiv:math/0109194, this measure can also be described as a determinantal point process with a correlation kernel expressed through the Gauss hypergeometric function.
Pi0 and Eta measurement with photon conversions in ALICE in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
Creators: name: Koch, Kathrin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a measurement of the Pi0 transverse momentum spectrum and of the Eta/Pi0 ratio in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV at the CERN LHC. In this analysis the reconstruction of Pi0 and Eta mesons has been done via photon conversions in the central tracking system of ALICE. Therefore, this method is completely independent from the electromagnetic calorimeters. It makes the Pi0 (Eta) measurement possible down to pt = 0.4 (0.6) GeV/c with a very good resolution and a very small background. For 100 Mio. pp collisions the pt reach is 7 GeV/c. The results are compared to NLO pQCD calculations.
description: Proceedings to talk at HardProbes 2010, 4 pages
Research of X-ray induced conductivity of ZnSe sensors for their application in isotopic thickness gauges
Creators: name: Sofiienko, Andrii
name: Degoda, Volodimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82D37 (Primary), 97M50 (Secondary)

description: Measurements of intrinsic conductivity and X-ray induced conductivity were performed on specially undopped ZnSe samples. The measurements demonstrated that sensors made of ZnSe have minor intrinsic conductivity when heating up to the temperature of 180 °C, and significant X-ray induced conductivity. Dose dependence "dose rate - current" is described with simple power function which considerably simplifies calibration of sensors. This results can be used during the designing of high-temperature X-ray and gamma-radiation detectors for radiation hot rolling thickness gauges which are widely used in the metallurgy.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Testing hypotheses in the Birnbaum-Saunders distribution under type-II censored samples
Creators: name: Lemonte, Artur J.
name: Ferrari, Silvia L. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The two-parameter Birnbaum-Saunders distribution has been used succesfully to model fatigue failure times. Although censoring is typical in reliability and survival studies, little work has been published on the analysis of censored data for this distribution. In this paper, we address the issue of performing testing inference on the two parameters of the Birnbaum-Saunders distribution under type-II right censored samples. The likelihood ratio statistic and a recently proposed statistic, the gradient statistic, provide a convenient framework for statistical inference in such a case, since they do not require to obtain, estimate or invert an information matrix, which is an advantage in problems involving censored data. An extensive Monte Carlo simulation study is carried out in order to investigate and compare the finite sample performance of the likelihood ratio and the gradient tests. Our numerical results show evidence that the gradient test should be preferred. Three empirical applications are presented.
description: Submitted for publication
MOESM6 of Enrichment of superoxide dismutase 2 in glioblastoma confers to acquisition of temozolomide resistance that is associated with tumor-initiating cell subsets
Creators: name: Chien, Chia-Hung
name: Chuang, Jian-Ying
name: Yang, Shun-Tai
name: Yang, Wen-Bin
name: Chen, Pin-Yuan
name: Hsu, Tsung-I
name: Huang, Chih-Yuan
name: Lo, Wei-Lun
name: Yang, Ka-Yen
name: Liu, Ming-Sheng
name: Chu, Jui-Mei
name: Chung, Pei-Hsuan
name: Liu, Jr-Jiun
name: Chou, Shao-Wen
name: Chen, Shang-Hung
name: Chang, Kwang-Yu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6: Figure S6. DETC inhibitor used in vitro and in vivo.Â (A) (Left) U87MG spheres were treated with different doses of DETC as indicated. The cell lysates were analyzed via western blot. The statistic results (Right) were shown. (B) Mice that received U87MG-r#10 cells were randomly treated with TMZ or TMZ/DETC for 5 consecutive days. Representative images of IHC staining in which the specific protein levels of the resistant xenografts were analyzed. *Pâ <â 0.05.
Secure Satellite Communication Systems Design with Individual Secrecy Rate Constraints
Creators: name: Lei, Jiang
name: Han, Zhu
name: Vázquez-Castro, M. A.
name: Hjørungnes, Are
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we study multibeam satellite secure communication through physical (PHY) layer security techniques, i.e., joint power control and beamforming. By first assuming that the Channel State Information (CSI) is available and the beamforming weights are fixed, a novel secure satellite system design is investigated to minimize the transmit power with individual secrecy rate constraints. An iterative algorithm is proposed to obtain an optimized power allocation strategy. Moreover, sub-optimal beamforming weights are obtained by completely eliminating the co-channel interference and nulling the eavesdroppers' signal simultaneously. In order to obtain jointly optimized power allocation and beamforming strategy in some practical cases, e.g., with certain estimation errors of the CSI, we further evaluate the impact of the eavesdropper's CSI on the secure multibeam satellite system design. The convergence of the iterative algorithm is proven under justifiable assumptions. The performance is evaluated by taking into account the impact of the number of antenna elements, number of beams, individual secrecy rate requirement, and CSI. The proposed novel secure multibeam satellite system design can achieve optimized power allocation to ensure the minimum individual secrecy rate requirement. The results show that the joint beamforming scheme is more favorable than fixed beamforming scheme, especially in the cases of a larger number of satellite antenna elements and higher secrecy rate requirement. Finally, we compare the results under the current satellite air-interface in DVB-S2 and the results under Gaussian inputs.
description: 34 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, submitted to "Transactions on Information Forensics and Security"
Nucleation of amyloid fibrils
Creators: name: Kashchiev, Dimo
name: Auer, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider nucleation of amyloid fibrils in the case when the process occurs by the mechanism of direct polymerization of practically fully extended protein segments, i.e. beta-strands, into beta-sheets. Applying the classical nucleation theory, we derive a general expression for the work to form a nanosized amyloid fibril (protofilament) constituted of successively layered beta-sheets. Analysis of this expression reveals that with increasing its size, the fibril transforms from one-dimensional into two-dimensional aggregate in order to preserve the equilibrium shape corresponding to minimal formation work. We determine the size of the fibril nucleus, the fibril nucleation work and the fibril nucleation rate as explicit functions of the concentration and temperature of the protein solution. The results obtained are applicable to homogeneous nucleation which occurs when the solution is sufficiently pure and/or strongly supersaturated.
The use of standardized communication protocol for patient handover in emergency department setting
Creators: name: Koval, Valentyna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Patient handover has been recognized as a highly complex and dynamic process that relies heavily on effective communication. The lack of effective communication, particularly in an interprofessional Emergency Department (ER) setting, can compromise the quality of patient care. The goal of this project is to improve patient handover process by utilizing SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment and Recommendation) technique to standardize interprofessional communication in the ER. It is hypothesized that the modified SBAR protocol will be well perceived by healthcare providers and will improve completeness and accuracy of the information transferred during ER patient handover between members of different professional groups. Three specific objectives guided the work of this project: 1) to modify the SBAR technique and adapt it for an interprofessional ER setting; 2) to study how the modified SBAR protocol is perceived by the students (Usability Study); 3) to design an experimental study to evaluate the effectiveness of the modified SBAR protocol (Effectiveness Study). Following the modification of the SBAR technique, 47 third-year medical students were invited to participate in the Usability Study. The students were randomly assigned into eight teams. One student from each team was randomly selected to verbalize the handover using the modified SBAR protocol, while the other students observed. The usability of the protocol was assessed using the following criteria: ease of learning; ease of use; perceived usefulness and satisfaction. Students found the protocol easy to learn (91%); simple to implement (85%); and useful during the handover (87%). Students were satisfied with the protocol, as it helps structure the verbal report; promotes common language amongst team members and decreases confusion during the communication (83%). Nonequivalent groups post-test only design was developed to assess the effectiveness of the modified SBAR protocol on completeness and accuracy of the patient information transferred during ER patient handover between members of different professional groups. We anticipate that use of the modified SBAR protocol will significantly improve ER interprofessional communication by ensuring complete and accurate information transfer during the patient handover. Further studies are needed to support this claim.
title: Role of 18F-FDG PET/CT in treated cancer patients with rising tumor markers
Creators: name: Nausheen, Sadaf
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Molecular imaging
subject: PET-CT
subject: Oncology

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To determine the role of 18F-FGD PET-CT for detection of disease recurrence suspected by rising tumor markers in treated cancer patients. In which we select carcinoma Ovary with rising CA-125 level, Breast carcinoma with rising 15-3...
Clustering with Multi-Layer Graphs: A Spectral Perspective
Creators: name: Dong, Xiaowen
name: Frossard, Pascal
name: Vandergheynst, Pierre
name: Nefedov, Nikolai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Observational data usually comes with a multimodal nature, which means that it can be naturally represented by a multi-layer graph whose layers share the same set of vertices (users) with different edges (pairwise relationships). In this paper, we address the problem of combining different layers of the multi-layer graph for improved clustering of the vertices compared to using layers independently. We propose two novel methods, which are based on joint matrix factorization and graph regularization framework respectively, to efficiently combine the spectrum of the multiple graph layers, namely the eigenvectors of the graph Laplacian matrices. In each case, the resulting combination, which we call a "joint spectrum" of multiple graphs, is used for clustering the vertices. We evaluate our approaches by simulations with several real world social network datasets. Results demonstrate the superior or competitive performance of the proposed methods over state-of-the-art technique and common baseline methods, such as co-regularization and summation of information from individual graphs.
A robust two-gene oscillator at the core of Ostreococcus tauri circadian clock
Creators: name: Morant, Pierre-Emmanuel
name: Thommen, Quentin
name: Pfeuty, Benjamin
name: Vandermoëre, Constant
name: Corellou, Florence
name: Bouget, François-Yves
name: Lefranc, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The microscopic green alga Ostreococcus tauri is rapidly emerging as a promising model organism in the green lineage. In particular, recent results by Corellou et al. [Plant Cell, 21, 3436 (2009)] and Thommen et al. [PLoS Comput. Biol. 6, e1000990 (2010)] strongly suggest that its circadian clock is a simplified version of Arabidopsis thaliana clock, and that it is architectured so as to be robust to natural daylight fluctuations. In this work, we analyze time series data from luminescent reporters for the two central clock genes TOC1 and CCA1 and correlate them with microarray data previously analyzed. Our mathematical analysis strongly supports both the existence of a simple two-gene oscillator at the core of Ostreococcus tauri clock and the fact that its dynamics is not affected by light in normal entrainment conditions, a signature of its robustness.
description: 13 pages
Antiferromagnetically spin polarized oxygen observed in magneto-electric TbMn2O5
Creators: name: Beale, T. A. W.
name: Wilkins, S. B.
name: Johnson, R. D.
name: Bland, S. R.
name: Joly, Y.
name: Forrest, T. R.
name: McMorrow, D. F.
name: Yakhou, F.
name: Prabhakaran, D.
name: Boothroyd, A. T.
name: Hatton, P. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the direct measurement of antiferromagnetic spin polarization at the oxygen sites in the multiferroic TbMn2O5, through resonant soft x-ray magnetic scattering. This supports recent theoretical models suggesting that the oxygen spin polarization is key to the magnetoelectric coupling mechanism. The spin polarization is observed through a resonantly enhanced diffraction signal at the oxygen K edge at the commensurate antiferromagnetic wavevector. Using the fdmnes code we have accurately reproduced the experimental data. We have established that the resonance arises through the spin polarization on the oxygen sites hybridized with the square based pyramid Mn3+ ions. Furthermore we have discovered that the position of the Mn3+ ion directly influences the oxygen spin polarization.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Constructing universally small subsets of a given packing index in Polish groups
Creators: name: Banakh, Taras
name: Lyaskovska, Nadya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E15, 03E50, 22A05, 54H05, 54H11

description: A subset of a Polish space $X$ is called universally small if it belongs to each ccc $σ$-ideal with Borel base on $X$. Under CH in each uncountable Abelian Polish group $G$ we construct a universally small subset $A_0\subset G$ such that $|A_0\cap gA_0|=\mathfrak c$ for each $g\in G$. For each cardinal number $κ\in[5,\mathfrak c^+]$ the set $A_0$ contains a universally small subset $A$ of $G$ with sharp packing index $\pack^\sharp(A_κ)=\sup\{|\mathcal D|^+:\mathcal D\subset \{gA\}_{g\in G}$ is disjoint$\}$ equal to $κ$.
description: 6 pages
Kujiunga : host community perspectives on hosting young international volunteers in Eldoret, Kenya
Creators: name: Whiteman, Matthew Peter Hilliard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Often, international engagement efforts are set in vulnerable communities where there is great potential to do good, but a significant potential to do harm, and there has been a call for higher attention to the many effects of volunteer presence and efforts when engaging with such communities. Recent attempts have been made to have honest discussions about the ethical implications for service abroad, but rarely are these discussions and resulting policy decisions directly informed by the nuanced, contextual perspectives of host communities themselves. When they do, often the conception of “community” does not adequately represent the diversity of stakeholders that form the community in question. This mixed methodological work explores how various stakeholders in one such community in Eldoret, Kenya respond to the question of what it is like to host young international volunteers. These perspectives were gathered over a three month period through interviews and a focus group. Findings 1) A need exists for a broader conception of “host”; 2) The voices of hosts and host communities are underrepresented throughout the literature and the volunteering process; 3) Current language used to describe the role of volunteers is the product of inequitable historical relationships, has adverse effects on process and outcomes, and needs to be adjusted; 4) Host fatigue is a significant factor in adversely affecting outcomes of volunteer placements; 5) Resistance and dissent in volunteer encounters present differently than volunteers might expect; in Kenya, they often present as withdrawal, silence, slowness to respond, bearing the hardship, and much less commonly as direct confrontation, and; 6) Volunteer activity must be factored into what constitutes the social determinants of health of a host community when we try to learn about that community and the issues it faces. Suggestions are made for improving outcomes for volunteers, hosts, and sending organizations.
Blue Straggler Formation in Clusters
Creators: name: Sills, Alison
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Blue stragglers are thought to be formed from the merger or coalescence of two stars, but the details of their formation in clusters has been difficult to disentangle. We discuss the two main formation mechanisms for blue stragglers (stellar collisions or mass transfer in a binary system). We then look at the additional complications caused by the stars living in the dynamically active environment of a star cluster. We review the recent observational and theoretical work which addresses the question "which mechanism dominates?" and conclude that the most likely answer is that both mechanisms are at work, although with different importance in different environments and at different times in the cluster lifetime. We finish with a short discussion of some avenues for future work
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the conference "Binary Star Evolution: Mass Loss, Accretion, and Mergers" at Mykonos, Greece, June 22-25, 2010
MOESM7 of Enrichment of superoxide dismutase 2 in glioblastoma confers to acquisition of temozolomide resistance that is associated with tumor-initiating cell subsets
Creators: name: Chien, Chia-Hung
name: Chuang, Jian-Ying
name: Yang, Shun-Tai
name: Yang, Wen-Bin
name: Chen, Pin-Yuan
name: Hsu, Tsung-I
name: Huang, Chih-Yuan
name: Lo, Wei-Lun
name: Yang, Ka-Yen
name: Liu, Ming-Sheng
name: Chu, Jui-Mei
name: Chung, Pei-Hsuan
name: Liu, Jr-Jiun
name: Chou, Shao-Wen
name: Chen, Shang-Hung
name: Chang, Kwang-Yu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 7: Figure S7. The analysis from clinical samples.Â (A) The IHC image represented a GBM tissue section which was stained with anti-rabbit IgG as a negative control. (B) The IHC staining in the left was a representative result of SOD2 and Bmi1 from a same patient. The study was done in total of the clinical specimens from 10 patients with recurrent GBM. The area of the staining was assessed and recorded in the dotted graph at right, showing statistical correlation of SOD2 and Bmi1.
Rozwój bibliotek cyfrowych i repozytoriów elektronicznych na Dolnym Slasku w latach 2004-2008 / Development of Digital Libraries and Electronic Repositories in Lower Silesia in Years 2004-2008
Creators: name: Moskwa, Krzysztof
name: Rossa, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In following elaboration were presented digital libraries and electronic repositories operating in Lower Silesia region (of Poland) in years 2004-2008. General description of character and size of their collections was presented, as well as standards and methods of digital collections management and juridical aspects of this management. Potential of usage of digital collections in regional scientific researches was described. ----- W referacie przedstawiono biblioteki cyfrowe i repozytoria elektroniczne funkcjonujace na Dolnym Slasku w latach 2004-2008. Scharakteryzowano ogólnie ich zawartość i wielkość, zaprezentowano standardy i systemy zarzadzania kolekcjami cyfrowymi oraz omówiono uwarunkowania prawne towarzyszace zarzadzaniu zasobami cyfrowymi. Wskazano możliwości wykorzystania kolekcji cyfrowych w badaniach naukowych realizowanych w regionie.
description: 12 pages in Polish, 4 tables; Komputerowe wspomaganie bada\'n naukowych XVI / The Computer-Aided Scientific Research XVI
Four ways across the wall
Creators: name: Pioline, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An important question in the study of N=2 supersymmetric string or field theories is to compute the jump of the BPS spectrum across walls of marginal stability in the space of parameters or vacua. I survey four apparently different answers for this problem, two of which are based on the mathematics of generalized Donaldson-Thomas invariants (the Kontsevich-Soibelman and the Joyce-Song formulae), while the other two are based on the physics of multi-centered black hole solutions (the Coulomb branch and the Higgs branch formulae, discovered in joint work with Jan Manschot and Ashoke Sen). Explicit computations indicate that these formulae are equivalent, though a combinatorial proof is currently lacking.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures, proceedings of the workshop "Algebra, Geometry and Mathematical Physics", Tj\"arn\"o, Sweden, 25-30 October 2010
Dual contribution to amplification in the mammalian inner ear
Creators: name: Reichenbach, Tobias
name: Hudspeth, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inner ear achieves a wide dynamic range of responsiveness by mechanically amplifying weak sounds. The enormous mechanical gain reported for the mammalian cochlea, which exceeds a factor of 4,000, poses a challenge for theory. Here we show how such a large gain can result from an interaction between amplification by low-gain hair bundles and a pressure wave: hair bundles can amplify both their displacement per locally applied pressure and the pressure wave itself. A recently proposed ratchet mechanism, in which hair-bundle forces do not feed back on the pressure wave, delineates the two effects. Our analytical calculations with a WKB approximation agree with numerical solutions.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Localization and critical diffusion of quantum dipoles in two dimensions
Creators: name: Aleiner, I. L.
name: Altshuler, B. L.
name: Efetov, K. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss quantum propagation of dipole excitations in two dimensions. This problem differs from the conventional Anderson localization due to existence of long range hops. We found that the critical wavefunctions of the dipoles always exist which manifest themselves by a scale independent diffusion constant. If the system is T-invariant the states are critical for all values of the parameters. Otherwise, there can be a "metal-insulator" transition between this "ordinary" diffusion and the Levy-flights (the diffusion constant logarithmically increasing with the scale). These results follow from the two-loop analysis of the modified non-linear supermatrix $σ$-model.
description: 4.2 pages
Practical applicability of user experience capability/maturity models in the development processes of free and open-source software: a systematic literature review
Creators: name: Namayala, Phesto
name: Kondo, Tabu
name: Manyilizu, Majuto
name: Hassan, Kilavo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: The popularity of User Experience (UX) is exponentially mounting because it predicts users’ engagement through satisfying needs. It further determines product success, revenues augmentation, employee gratifications, user errors, and vital supports. However, contemporary UX Capability Maturity Models (UXCMMs) do not adequately address Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) UX, a substantiated root of adoption misfortune. Improving UX may result from a precise appraisal of the as-is organisational status. Although Software Engineering endorses CMMI, ISO 15504/ISO/IECTS 33061 and UXCMMs for this judgement, none has processes for evaluating FOSSs’ UX. Moreover, the FOSS community has neither theories nor hypotheses to map UXCMMs’ formulation processes. It knows very little regarding their practical applicability, which leaves functional relevance uncertainties. In retorting to present uncertainties, this study accomplished the Systematic Literature Review and encountered eight pertinent articles. They show that most UXCMMs originated from recognised models. Moreover, neither developed nor validated experimentally, used similar methodologies with patched documents and are not exclusive for the FOSS community. They neither handle challenges properly nor reflect earlier studies’ endorsements. The study’s contributions to discovered gaps include proposing additional research areas and a FOSS-specific UXCMMs development checklist to identify UX metrics and standardise UXCMMs’ development processes.
How to adapt broad-band gravitational-wave searches for r-modes
Creators: name: Owen, Benjamin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Up to now there has been no search for gravitational waves from the r-modes of neutron stars in spite of the theoretical interest in the subject. Several oddities of r-modes must be addressed to obtain an observational result: The gravitational radiation field is dominated by the mass current (gravitomagnetic) quadrupole rather than the usual mass quadrupole, and the consequent difference in polarization affects detection statistics and parameter estimation. To astrophysically interpret a detection or upper limit it is necessary to convert the wave amplitude to an r-mode amplitude. Also, it is helpful to know indirect limits on gravitational-wave emission to gauge the interest of various searches. Here I address these issues, thereby providing the ingredients to adapt broad-band searches for continuous gravitational waves to obtain r-mode results. I also show that searches of existing data can already have interesting sensitivities to r-modes.
description: 8 pages, no figures
Systematic review of determinants and consequences of bystander interventions in online hate and cyberbullying among adults
Creators: name: Rudnicki, Konrad
name: Vandebosch, Heidi
name: Voué, Pierre
name: Poels, Karolien
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Despite the substantial amount of literature concerning adolescent bystanders of online hate and cyberbullying, relatively little attention has been devoted to studying the same issue in adults. Similarly, the determinants of the effectiveness of different messages to support the victims or counter hate have also been understudied. The existing pieces of empirical research on these topics remained scattered and no systematic review was performed to check if there are any patterns with regard to determinants and consequences of adult bystanders intervening against hate online. To fill these gaps, we performed a literature review in accordance with the guidelines of the Cochrane Collaboration Handbook for Systematic Reviews. The results of the literature search and analysis yielded three important findings. First, personal and contextual factors determining bystander action in adults largely overlap with the factors identified in adolescent populations: empathy, prior victimisation, feelings of responsibility, severity, social norms, relationship with the victim and number of bystanders. Second, personal factors promoting bystander action seem to be interconnected via empathy and social norms, both of which can be facilitated through psycho-education. Third, there is a critical lack of studies on the effectiveness of different bystander interventions.
A systematic analysis of learning analytics using multi-source data in the context of Spain
Creators: name: Muñoz-Merino, Pedro J.
name: Moreno-Marcos, Pedro Manuel
name: Rubio-Fernández, Aarón
name: Tsai, Yi-Shan
name: Gašević, Dragan
name: Kloos, Carlos Delgado
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Learning analytics (LA) employs educational data to improve the timeliness of support for learners. Apart from technical aspects, there is a need to understand social complexities brought about by different stakeholders, so as to systematise the adoption of LA in Higher Education (HE). We present an analysis of the situation, needs and challenges of LA in the context of Spanish HE, considering managers’, teachers’ and students’ perspectives. Qualitative research is employed using recursive abstraction. Results reveal that the level of institutional adoption is low and none of the analysed institutions had an LA policy. Furthermore, only two of these institutions had an initial LA strategy. While the institutions shared some commonalities in their objectives for LA, chosen tools and adoption challenges, the distinct differences in the political contexts and institutional practices among the institutions reaffirmed that LA solutions and services cannot be implemented in the same manner. Moreover, different needs for LA and concerns are identified about its adoption among managers, students and teachers. These observations lead to our conclusion that the main challenges to implement LA in Spain are not related to technological issues but to the social and cultural issues rooted in institutions and those associated with different stakeholders.
Additional file 1 of A semi-supervised deep learning approach for predicting the functional effects of genomic non-coding variations
Creators: name: Jia, Hao
name: Park, Sung-Joon
name: Nakai, Kenta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Fig. S1: AUC values showing the performance of our model with each of the grouped features in K562 in order to test the contribution of the 33 epigenetic annotations and context sequence that was used in this work. AUC, area under the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve; Nuc-based, nucleotide composition; Seq-based, sequence coding map. Fig. S2: Feature distribution of our deep learning model. (a) Plots showing the distribution of each score in the input feature map after preprocessing for GM12878. (b) Pearson correlation of each feature vector with the labels of non-coding variants in GM12878. Fig. S3: Feature distribution of our deep learning model. (a) Plots showing the distribution of each score in the input feature map after preprocessing for HepG2. (b) Pearson correlation of each feature vector with the labels of non-coding variants in HepG2.
Race, hospital development and the power of community : Chinese and Japanese hospitals in British Columbia from 1880-1920
Creators: name: Vandenberg, Helen Elizabeth Ruth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Although much is known about the development of general public hospitals in Canada during the turn of the twentieth century, little is known about the rich diversity of smaller community hospitals founded during this time period. From 1880 to 1920, there were at least 155 hospitals operating in British Columbia, including several Chinese hospitals, founded in Victoria, New Westminster and Vancouver, and a Japanese hospital in Steveston. These hospitals were established in a context of harsh economic, political and social restrictions for Asian populations. Yet, Chinese and Japanese hospitals developed differently because of important cultural and political differences within Canada and abroad. An initial overview of Chinese hospital development reveals that Chinese hospitals mimicked charity hospitals found in China at the time and utilized Chinese, rather than Western medicine. In contrast, the Japanese hospital, which is the primary focus of this study, was built as a ‘modern’ hospital and utilized Western scientific medicine and trained nurses. Analysis of primary and secondary sources, including two newly translated Japanese histories, demonstrates that local communities played a significant role in the development of Asian hospitals. The Japanese hospital in Steveston, for example, began as a modest Japanese-Methodist mission hospital, established by Japanese Christian missionaries themselves. As hospital debts mounted and the anti-Asian labor movement intensified, Japanese leaders endeavoured to convince the Japanese fishermen’s Benevolent Association to build and finance a new modern hospital. Over time, the hospital became closely tied to the changing needs and prosperity of the local Japanese fishing community. The hospital was utilized as a source of leverage for Japanese fishing leaders during fishing price negotiations. From the unique perspective of community leaders, the hospital became an important political tool in the fight for racial and economic equality. This study reveals that Asian hospitals were much more than institutions for restoring health or curing illness. Chinese and Japanese hospitals were grassroots community initiatives that not only met important local and cultural needs, but could also play an important role in broader issues of social justice.