cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ThERESA: Three-Dimensional Eclipse Mapping with Application to Synthetic JWST Data
Creators: name: Challener, Ryan C.
name: Rauscher, Emily
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectroscopic eclipse observations, like those possible with the James Webb Space Telescope, should enable 3D mapping of exoplanet daysides. However, fully-flexible 3D planet models are overly complex for the data and computationally infeasible for data-fitting purposes. Here, we present ThERESA, a method to retrieve the 3D thermal structure of an exoplanet from eclipse observations by first retrieving 2D thermal maps at each wavelength and then placing them vertically in the atmosphere. This approach allows the 3D model to include complex thermal structures with a manageable number of parameters, hastening fit convergence and limiting overfitting. An analysis runs in a matter of days. We enforce consistency of the 3D model by comparing vertical placement of the 2D maps with their corresponding contribution functions. To test this approach, we generated a synthetic JWST NIRISS-like observation of a single hot-Jupiter eclipse using a global circulation model of WASP-76b and retrieved its 3D thermal structure. We find that a model which places the 2D maps at different depths depending on latitude and longitude is preferred over a model with a single pressure for each 2D map, indicating that ThERESA is able to retrieve 3D atmospheric structure from JWST observations. We successfully recover the temperatures of the planet's dayside, the eastward shift of its hotspot, and the thermal inversion. ThERESA is open-source and publicly available as a tool for the community.
description: 21 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
The twisted fourth moment of the Riemann zeta function
Creators: name: Hughes, C. P.
name: Young, Matthew P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M06

description: We compute the asymptotics of the fourth moment of the Riemann zeta function times an arbitrary Dirichlet polynomial of length $T^{{1/11} - ε}$
description: 28 pages. v2: added references
A fast, robust algorithm for the solution of the equation of state for late-type stellar atmospheres
Creators: name: Bennett, Philip Desmond
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A fast, but accurate procedure to solve the equation of state for late-type stellar atmospheres is an essential component of a realistic model atmosphere code. This requires the determination of the chemical equilibrium of a gas containing significant amounts of perhaps one to two hundred species, over a wide range of temperature, pressure and composition. A general method of solution, based on a linearization approach, is derived first. This is accurate but has the disadvantage of requiring the solution of a linear system of equations of order N, where N is the number of elements considered in the equilibrium, for each iteration. I then show that the order of this system can be reduced to 8 by the introduction of a "fictitious" metal element, thereby tripling the solution timing without significant loss of accuracy. Both the general and economized algorithms make no assumptions as to the particular species to be considered in the equilibrium; all such information is read from a specification file at execution time. Finally, the equilibrium abundances of significant species are displayed graphically over a range of temperature, pressure and composition (C/0 ratio), with these results plotted both as a function of temperature and C/0 ratio. The importance of obtaining accurate equilibrium abundances of the various opacity sources, and the implications for model atmosphere construction are discussed.
Spin-Orbit Integrated Ground State and Magnetic Anisotropy in Sr$_2$IrO$_4$
Creators: name: Jin, Hosub
name: Jeong, Hogyun
name: Ozaki, Taisuke
name: Yu, Jaejun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a microscopic model for the anisotropic exchange interactions in Sr$_{2}$IrO$_{4}$. A direct construction of Wannier functions from first-principles calculations proves the $j_{\mathrm{eff}}$=1/2 character of the spin-orbit integrated states at the Fermi level. An effective $j_{\mathrm{eff}}$-spin Hamiltonian explains the observed weak ferromagnetism and anisotropy of antiferromagnetically ordered magnetic state, which arise naturally from the $j_{\mathrm{eff}}$=1/2 state with a rotation of IrO$_{6}$ octahedra. It is suggested that Sr$_{2}$IrO$_{4}$ is a unique class of materials with effective exchange interactions in the spin-orbital Hilbert space.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Entanglement entropy production in deep inelastic scattering
Creators: name: Zhang, Kun
name: Hao, Kun
name: Kharzeev, Dmitri
name: Korepin, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep inelastic scattering (DIS) samples a part of the wave function of a hadron in the vicinity of the light cone. Lipatov constructed a spin chain which describes the amplitude of DIS in leading logarithmic approximation. Kharzeev and Levin proposed the entanglement entropy as an observable in DIS [Phys. Rev. D 95, 114008 (2017)], and suggested a relation between the entanglement entropy and parton distributions. Here we represent the DIS process as a local quench in the Lipatov's spin chain, and study the time evolution of the produced entanglement entropy. We show that the resulting entanglement entropy depends on time logarithmically, $\mathcal S(t)=1/3 \ln{(t/τ)}$ with $τ= 1/m$ for $1/m \le t\le (mx)^{-1}$, where $m$ is the proton mass and $x$ is the Bjorken $x$. The central charge $c$ of Lipatov's spin chain is determined here to be $c=1$; using the proposed relation between the entanglement entropy and parton distributions, this corresponds to the gluon structure function growing at small $x$ as $xG(x) \sim 1/x^{1/3}$.
description: Published version, 8 pages, 1 figure
Comment on "Theory of Spin Hall Effect: Extension of the Drude Model"
Creators: name: Kravchenko, V. Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: E. M. Chudnovsky has recently posted on the ArXive his Reply (arXiv:0805.2918) to my Comment (Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 199703 (2008)) on his recent Letter (E. M. Chudnovsky, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 206601 (2007)). In order to avoid possible misunderstandings in the evaluation of his Letter, I am posting my Comment with some remarks on the contents of his Reply.
description: 1 page
X-Ray Afterglows
Creators: name: O'Brien, Paul
name: Willingale, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarise the X-ray temporal and spectral variability properties of GRBs as observed using the Swift satellite. Despite much individual complexity, the flux and spectral variability can be reasonably well described by a combination of two components - which we denote as the prompt and the afterglow. The first, prompt component consists of the burst and its initial decay while the second, afterglow component fits the X-ray plateau phase and subsequent decline observed in the majority of GRBs. When strong spectral variability occurs it is associated with the prompt component while the X-ray plateau and later emission shows little if any spectral variability. We briefly compare the observations with some of the proposed models. Any model for the early or late emission must explain the differences in both temporal and spectral behaviour.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures. To appear in: 2008 Nanjing GRB Conference, AIP, Eds. Y.F. Huang, Z.G. Dai, B. Zhang
title: Guidelines on how to sync your High Frequency (HF) radar data with the European HF Radar node
Creators: name: Reyes, Emma
name: Rotllán, Paz
name: Rubio, Anna
name: Corgnati, Lorenzo
name: Mader, Julien
name: Mantovani, Carlo
Publisher: name: Balearic Islands Coastal Observing and Forecasting System, SOCIB
Year: 2019

description: A step-by-step guide to help High-Frequency (HF) radar data providers synchronize their near real-time native data files or standard NetCDF datasets to the European HF radar node and, from there, to other data distribution portals (Copernicus Marine Service, EMODnet-Phys and SeaDataNet)
The odd-even effect of mosaic modulation period of quasi-periodic hopping on the Anderson localization in a one-dimensional lattice model
Creators: name: Zhang, Yi-Cai
name: Yuan, Rong
name: Song, Shuwei
name: Hu, Mingpeng
name: Liu, Chaofei
name: Wang, Yongjian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we investigate Anderson localization in a one-dimensional lattice with a mosaic off-diagonal quasiperiodic hopping. Our findings reveal that the localization behavior of zero-energy states is highly dependent on the parity of the mosaic modulation period, denoted as $κ$. Specifically, when $κ$ is an odd integer, there is no Anderson localization transition even for large quasiperiodic hopping strengths, and the zero-energy state remains in a critical state. On the other hand, for an even $κ$ and a generic quasiperiodic hopping, the zero-energy state becomes a localized edge state at either the left or right end of the system. Additionally, we observe that the geometric mean value of the energy spectrum is equal to the constant hopping for an even $κ$, while for an odd $κ$, it is equal to the geometric mean value of the hopping. This odd-even effect of the mosaic period also extends to other eigenstates near zero energy. More specifically, for an odd $κ$, there exists an energy window in which the eigenstates remain critical even for strong quasiperiodic hopping. In contrast, for an even $κ$, an Anderson localization transition occurs as the hopping strength increases. Furthermore, we are able to accurately determine the Lyapunov exponent $γ(E)$ and the mobility edges $E_c$. By analyzing the Lyapunov exponent, we identify critical regions in the hopping-energy parameter planes. Additionally, as the energy approaches the mobility edges, we observe a critical index of localization length of $ν=1$. Finally, we demonstrate that different systems can be characterized by their Lyapunov exponent $γ(E)$ and Avila's acceleration $ω(E)$.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2205.12340
Fluctuation-driven capacity distribution in complex networks
Creators: name: Kim, Dong-Hee
name: Motter, Adilson E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Maximizing robustness and minimizing cost are common objectives in the design of infrastructure networks. However, most infrastructure networks evolve and operate in a highly decentralized fashion, which may significantly impact the allocation of resources across the system. Here, we investigate this question by focusing on the relation between capacity and load in different types of real-world communication and transportation networks. We find strong empirical evidence that the actual capacity of the network elements tends to be similar to the maximum available capacity, if the cost is not strongly constraining. As more weight is given to the cost, however, the capacity approaches the load nonlinearly. In particular, all systems analyzed show larger unoccupied portions of the capacities on network elements subjected to smaller loads, which is in sharp contrast with the assumptions involved in (linear) models proposed in previous theoretical studies. We describe the observed behavior of the capacity-load relation as a function of the relative importance of the cost by using a model that optimizes capacities to cope with network traffic fluctuations. These results suggest that infrastructure systems have evolved under pressure to minimize local failures, but not necessarily global failures that can be caused by the spread of local damage through cascading processes.
Spin Polarized Transport Through a Single-Molecule Magnet: Current-Induced Magnetic Switching
Creators: name: Misiorny, Maciej
name: Barnas, Józef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic switching of a single-molecule magnet (SMM) due to spin-polarized current is investigated theoretically. The charge transfer between the electrodes takes place via the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of the SMM. Generally, the double occupancy of the LUMO level, and a finite on-site Coulomb repulsion, is taken into account. Owing to the exchange interaction between electrons in the LUMO level and the SMM's spin, the latter can be reversed. The perturbation approach (Fermi golden rule) is applied to calculate current-voltage characteristics. The influence of Coulomb interactions on the switching process is also analyzed.
description: 5 pages with 4 EPS figures; version as accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B (more general model introduced)
Reflecting on chirality: CP-violating extensions of the single scalar-leptoquark solutions for the $(g-2)_{e,μ}$ puzzles and their implications for lepton EDMs
Creators: name: Bigaran, Innes
name: Volkas, Raymond R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the two scalar leptoquarks capable of generating chirally-enhanced, sign-dependent contributions to lepton magnetic dipole moments (MDMs) and electric dipole moments (EDMs), $R_2\sim (\mathbf{3}, \mathbf{2}, 7/6)$ and $S_1\sim (\mathbf{3}, \mathbf{1}, -1/3)$. We consider the case in which the electron and muon sectors are decoupled, and leptoquark couplings are assigned complex values. Adopting the coupling ansatz that the electron dipole operator is generated by charm-containing loops, and muon dipole operator by top-containing loops, we find that both minimal leptoquark models remain viable solutions for reconciling anomalies in the muon and electron MDMs, accounting for either of the two current (disparate) electron MDM results from Cs and Rb interferometry experiments. We also examine the correlated corrections to the muon and electron masses generated by these models, and argue that to minimise fine-tuning this introduces an upper bound on viable leptoquark ($ϕ$) masses, $m_ϕ
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, minor typographical changes and additional references added. Matches published version
Adding flavour to twistor strings
Creators: name: Bedford, James
name: Papageorgakis, Constantinos
name: Zoubos, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Twistor string theory is known to describe a wide variety of field theories at tree-level and has proved extremely useful in making substantial progress in perturbative gauge theory. We explore the twistor dual description of a class of N=2 UV-finite super-Yang-Mills theories with fundamental flavour by adding 'flavour' branes to the topological B-model on super-twistor space and comment on the appearance of these objects. Evidence for the correspondence is provided by matching amplitudes on both sides.
description: 6 pages; contribution to the proceedings for the European Physical Society conference on High Energy Physics in Manchester, 19-25 July 2007. v3: Typos corrected
The Analysis of Quranic Collocations in the Orchard - Boostan of Sa’di
Creators: name: Pahlavannejad, Mohammadreza
name: Ebrahimi, Shima
name: Nadernezhad, Geranaz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 470408
subject: Lexicography and semantics

description: Collocations are linguistic phenomenon, which is notably proliferative in all languages. The definitions of collocations provided by linguists are numerous and varied. While some emphasize the multi-element structure of a collocation, other scholars admit only those composed of pairs of words. Since one of the most significant features of great poets’ works is using Quranic collocations, the present study addresses the distinct features of these collocations in Orchard (Boostan of Sa’di as one of the greatest poet of 12-13 AD). In order to estimate the historical and semantic origin of lexical collocation, some translations of Orchard couplets embodying Quranic collocations had been chosen and semantically and historically were evaluated.
title: Epistemic Imposition: Problematising The Cross-Appropriation of Building Practice in Java, Indonesia (1901-1942)
Creators: name: Setiadi, David Hutama
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2021

description: The enactment of the Ethical Policy in 1901 changed the nature of the relationship between the Netherlands and the Netherlands Indie (now Indonesia). One of the notable shifts that occurred was the growing demand for technology and technical skill throughout the archipelago. The proliferation of plantations and other industries increased the need to have more technicians who were able to comply with the Dutch regulations and standards. Consequently, this new gap in the workforce initiated an unprecedented migration of skills and practices to the Dutch East Indies. This doctoral dissertation intends to investigate the scope of the interventions realized by the Dutch colonial agenda in relation to existing Javanese building practices. Two main lines of investigation underpin this research. The first is to examine the methods of dissemination of Dutch technical knowledge and skill across the archipelago. The second goal is to scrutinise the effects of this dissemination upon the formation of architectural knowledge and practice within the colony. I define the following acts of disseminating building knowledge as an epistemic imposition - an instrument of Dutch colonial power. The dissertation will comprise of four chapters (excluding the Introduction and Conclusion). The first chapter aims to set the grounds of the thesis by elaborating a particular situation both in the Netherlands and Java that was effectively an agency for the dissemination of Dutch architectural knowledge and practice in the colony. The subsequent three chapters will specifically discuss the three agencies to Javanese building practice as part of the endeavour of establishing a new model of architectural practice in the colony. The second chapter aims to focus on the educational institution established, the third chapter will discuss the role of architects in creating architectural discourse in the colony, and the fourth chapter focuses on Dutch endeavours in establishing a sense of home in the Dutch East Indies. Throughout this thesis, I will argue that the Dutch epistemic imposition in a form of technical knowledge and skill dissemination as not entirely successful. Lack of understanding in local building culture and climatic constraint of the archipelago had created a cross-appropriation of building practices between both parties.
The kinematics of carbon stars in the large and small magellanic clouds
Creators: name: Joslin, Garry Douglas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Radial velocities were determined for a sample of carbon star spectra. These carbon stars were located in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds and were listed in the catalogues of Westerlund, Olander, Richer and Crabtree (1978), Blanco, McCarthy and Blanco (1980) and Sanduleak and Philip (1977). Rotation curves based upon the derived radial velocities indicated that the LMC rotates like a solid body. The velocity gradient of the carbon stars along the major axis was found to be 10.4 km/sec/deg. For circular orbits, this placed a lower mass limit of 6.0X109 Mo when employing a disk-shaped model of the LMC. When carbon stars were compared with other stellar populations in the LMC taken from the catalogue of Feitzinger and Weiss (1979) an increase of velocity gradient along the major axis was found to correlate with a decrease in object age. This was interpreted as an increase in orbital eccentricity with object age which agreed well with previous similar findings for our own galaxy (Eggen, Lynden-Bell, Sandage 1962). The velocity dispersions of the Blanco, McCarthy and Blanco Bar field in the SMC and the Bar West field in the LMC were also compared. The higher radial velocity dispersion of the SMC field was attributed to the higher inclination angle of the SMC and the possibility that the SMC field contained stars which were participating in streaming motions from opposite ends of the Bar.
Instanton Counting and Dielectric Branes
Creators: name: Matsuura, So
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Hanany-Witten type brane configuration in a background of RR 4-form field strength and examine the behavior of Euclidean D0-branes propagating between two NS5-branes. We evaluate the partition function of the D0-branes and show that it coincides with the Nekrasov partition function of instantons for four-dimensional N=2 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. In this analysis, the Myers effect plays a crucial role. We apply the same method to the brane configuration realizing four-dimensional N=2 theory with hypermultiplets in the fundamental representation and reproduce the corresponding Nekrasov partition function.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures, LaTeX2e, references added, typos corrected, Accepted for publication in JHEP
Density Matrix Renormalization Group study of superconducting pairing near the quarter-filled Wigner crystal
Creators: name: Clay, R. Torsten
name: Thompson, Beau A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge ordering is often found in the phase diagram of unconventional superconductors in close proximity to the superconducting state. This has led to the suggestion that fluctuations of charge order can mediate superconducting pairing. While several mechanisms can lead to charge order, one common mechanism is the long-range Coulomb interaction, resulting in a Wigner crystal charge ordered state. For an electron density of 0.5 per site we investigate the extended Hubbard model on the two-dimensional square lattice using exact diagonalization and density matrix renormalization group methods. Our results show that the strength of pairing decreases with the nearest-neighbor Coulomb interaction strength $V$ and remains weaker than the tendency of pairing for non-interacting electrons.
description: 8 pages, 12 figures
Supersymmetry and Superstring Phenomenology
Creators: name: Gaillard, Mary K.
name: Zumino, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly cover the early history of supersymmetry, describe the relation of SUSY quantum field theories to superstring theories and explain why they are considered a likely tool to describe the phenomenology of high energy particle theory beyond the Standard Model.
description: 18 pages. To be published in ``Supersymmetry on the Eve of the LHC'', a special volume of the European Physical Journal C (EPJC) dedicated to the memory of Julius Wess
Kærlighed i forskning [Love in research], Det unge Akademi, DUA, AARSSKRIFT, 2022, af Christian Suhr, Knud Jønsson, Mathias Wullum Nielsen, Naia Morueta-Holme, Simona Zetterberg-Nielsen
Creators: name: Suhr, Christian
name: Jønsson, Knud A.
name: Nielsen, Mathias Wullum
name: Morueta-Holme, Naia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 440107
subject: Social and cultural anthropology

description: Kærlighed er eftersigende overalt og i alt, men hvor er den i forskningen? Det satte vi os for at undersøge nærmere. Ikke i et forsøg på at gennemføre en dybdegående analyse, men for at få et fingerpeg om, hvordan forskere oplever kærlighed til og i deres forskning på tværs af universiteter og forskningsfelter
i Danmark. Spørgsmålet er interessant, da forskere på den ene side kan føle en form for kærlighed til viden og videnskab, samtidig med at man også har haft en betænkelighed over for de bias i forskningen, som kærlighed og andre følelser kan medføre.
Radio study of HESS J1857+026. Gamma-rays from a superbubble?
Creators: name: Petriella, Alberto
name: Duvidovich, Laura
name: Giacani, Elsa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We provide new insights into the nature of HESS J1857+026, a very-high-energy γ-ray source whose complex morphology in the TeV band was attributed to the superposition of two distinct sources. Methods. We performed radio continuum observations to look for the pulsar wind nebula and the supernova remnant associated with the pulsar PSR J1856+0245, which might be powering part of the γ-ray emission. We observed HESS J1857+026 with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) at 1.5 GHz in the C configuration. In addition, using the same array configuration, we observed a region of $0.4^\circ \times 0.4^\circ$ towards PSR J1856+0245 at 6.0 GHz. We obtained complementary data for the neutral hydrogen and molecular gas emission from public surveys in order to investigate the properties of the interstellar medium in the direction of HESS J1857+026. Results. The new observations at 1.5GHz do not show evidence of emission above the noise level of $0.7\,\rm{mJy\,beam^{-1}}$ that could be associated with either HESS J1857+026 or PSR J1856+0245. Also, in the new image at 6.0GHz we do not detect radio emission from a pulsar wind nebula powered by PSR J1856+0245. The neutral gas analysis shows the existence of a superbubble in the direction of the γ-ray source. We suggest that this structure is located at $\sim5.5\,\rm{kpc}$, compatible with the distance to the pulsar PSR J1856+0245. Conclusions. We conclude that TeV emission from HESS J1857+026 originates in a superbubble, arguing in favour of a single γ-ray source rather than the superposition of two distinct sources. The pulsar PSR J1856+0245 could also be contributing as a source of γ-rays within the bubble.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Stable Border Bases for Ideals of Points
Creators: name: Abbott, John
name: Fassino, Claudia
name: Torrente, Maria-Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13P10, 65F20, 65G99

description: Let $X$ be a set of points whose coordinates are known with limited accuracy; our aim is to give a characterization of the vanishing ideal $I(X)$ independent of the data uncertainty. We present a method to compute a polynomial basis $B$ of $I(X)$ which exhibits structural stability, that is, if $\widetilde X$ is any set of points differing only slightly from $X$, there exists a polynomial set $\widetilde B$ structurally similar to $B$, which is a basis of the perturbed ideal $ I(\widetilde X)$.
description: This is an update version of "Notes on stable Border Bases" and it is submitted to JSC. 16 pages, 0 figures
Lorentz Violation in a Diffeomorphism-Invariant Theory
Creators: name: Jackiw, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a diffeomorphism invariant theory, symmetry breaking may be a mask for coordinate choice.
description: 8 pages, no figures. Submitted to the CPT'07 Proceedings
K-processes, scaling limit and aging for the trap model in the complete graph
Creators: name: Fontes, L. R. G.
name: Mathieu, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35, 60K37, 82C44 (Primary)

description: We study K-processes, which are Markov processes in a denumerable state space, all of whose elements are stable, with the exception of a single state, starting from which the process enters finite sets of stable states with uniform distribution. We show how these processes arise, in a particular instance, as scaling limits of the trap model in the complete graph, and subsequently derive aging results for those models in this context.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AOP360 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Λειτουργίες και έλεγχοι στη ναυτιλία
Creators: name: Ταστσόγλου, Σταύρος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Έλεγχοι
subject: Επιθεωρήσεις
subject: Maritime audits
subject: IMO
subject: SMS

description: Η εργασία αυτή ασχολείται με τον κλάδο της παγκόσμιας ναυτιλίας και προσπαθεί να εστιάσει στο ευαίσθητο κομμάτι των επιθεωρήσεων πλοίων, που είναι αναγκαίοι να πραγματοποιούνται προκειμένου να υπάρχει ασφαλής ναυσιπλοΐα, χωρίς να θρηνούμε ανθρώπινες ψυχές, χωρίς να επιβαρύνουμε το περιβάλλον στο οποίο ζούμε - με ενδεχόμενες διαρροές καυσίμων ή φορτίων στο θαλάσσιο οικοσύστημα, αλλά και μέσω της ατμοσφαιρικής ρύπανσης - και χωρίς να δημιουργούμε πρόβλημα στο παγκόσμιο εμπόριο εξαιτίας καθυστερήσεων και λανθασμένων αποφάσεων. Ο σκοπός της εργασίας είναι να παραθέσουμε μια βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση για τον έλεγχο και τις επιθεωρήσεις που λαμβάνουν δράση στην ναυτιλία. Αυτό συμπεριλαμβάνει όλες τις δραστηριότητες που είναι επιτρεπτές, στην ακτή και πάνω στο πλοίο ,σύμφωνα με ένα - εξωτερικά ή εσωτερικά - καθορισμένο πρότυπο. Ως εκ τούτου, περιλαμβάνει δραστηριότητες που αναγράφονται ως έλεγχοι, επιθεωρήσεις, επαληθεύσεις και επίσημα καθεστώτα παρατήρησης.
Adsorption and dissociation of diatomic molecules in monolayer $1H$-MoSe$_2$
Creators: name: Bombín, Raúl
name: Alducin, Maite
name: Juaristi, Iñaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides appear as good candidates for gas sensing and catalysis. Here, by means of density functional theory, we characterize the adsorption and dissociation of selected diatomic molecules (CO, H$_2$, O$_2$, and NO) on the MoSe$_2$ monolayer. We consider that these processes occur on the pristine $1H$-MoSe$_2$ monolayer and in the vicinity of an isolated Se vacancy. The presence of Se vacancies both enhances the molecular adsorption and reduces the energy needed for dissociation, making it energetically favorable for the case of O$_2$ and NO molecules. For each case we evaluate the effect that each adsorbate has on the electronic structure of the MoSe$_2$ monolayer and the charge transfer that takes place between the adsorbate and the surface. Remarkably, adsorption of either CO or NO at the Se vacancy induces a finite spin-magnetization in the system that is spatially well localized around the adsorbate and the three closest Mo atoms.
description: 22 pages, 16 figures, 12 tables
A room-temperature moiré interlayer exciton laser
Creators: name: Lin, Qiaoling
name: Fang, Hanlin
name: Liu, Yuanda
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Fischer, Moritz
name: Li, Juntao
name: Hagel, Joakim
name: Brem, Samuel
name: Malic, Ermin
name: Stenger, Nicolas
name: Sun, Zhipei
name: Wubs, Martijn
name: Xiao, Sanshui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Moiré superlattices in van der Waals heterostructures offer highly tunable quantum systems with emergent electronic and excitonic properties such as superconductivity, topological edge states, and moiré-trapped excitons. Theoretical calculations predicted the existence of the moiré potential at elevated temperatures; however, its impact on the optical properties of interlayer excitons (IXs) at room temperature is lacking, and the benefits of the moiré effects for lasing applications remain unexplored. We report that the moiré potential in a molybdenum disulfide/tungsten diselenide (MoS2/WSe2) heterobilayer system can significantly enhance light emission, elongate the IX lifetime, and modulate the IX emission energy at room temperature. By integrating a moiré superlattice with a silicon topological nanocavity, we achieve ultra-low-threshold lasing at the technologically important telecommunication O-band thanks to the significant moiré modulation. Moreover, the high-quality topological nanocavities facilitate the highest spectral coherence of < 0.1 nm linewidth among all reported two-dimensional material-based laser systems. Our findings not only open a new avenue for studying correlated states at elevated temperatures, but also enable novel architectures for integrated on-chip photonics and optoelectronics.
Real-time Keypoints Detection for Autonomous Recovery of the Unmanned Ground Vehicle
Creators: name: Li, Jie
name: Zhang, Sheng
name: Han, Kai
name: Yuan, Xia
name: Zhao, Chunxia
name: Liu, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The combination of a small unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) and a large unmanned carrier vehicle allows more flexibility in real applications such as rescue in dangerous scenarios. The autonomous recovery system, which is used to guide the small UGV back to the carrier vehicle, is an essential component to achieve a seamless combination of the two vehicles. This paper proposes a novel autonomous recovery framework with a low-cost monocular vision system to provide accurate positioning and attitude estimation of the UGV during navigation. First, we introduce a light-weight convolutional neural network called UGV-KPNet to detect the keypoints of the small UGV from the images captured by a monocular camera. UGV-KPNet is computationally efficient with a small number of parameters and provides pixel-level accurate keypoints detection results in real-time. Then, six degrees of freedom pose is estimated using the detected keypoints to obtain positioning and attitude information of the UGV. Besides, we are the first to create a large-scale real-world keypoints dataset of the UGV. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves state-of-the-art performance in terms of both accuracy and speed on UGV keypoint detection, and can further boost the 6-DoF pose estimation for the UGV.
description: IET Image Processing, code: https://github.com/waterljwant/UGV-KPNet
The effect of misonidazole on cell survival at low doses of radiation
Creators: name: Faddegon, Bruce Alan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Since Puck and Marcus first measured the effect of ionizing radiation on mammalian cell survival in 1956 the 'Puck plating' assay has been widely used as an endpoint for radiobiology experiments. The assay has contributed greatly to our knowledge of the processes involved when radiation interacts with cells, tissues, and whole animals. Generally cell survival experiments are carried out at fairly high doses of radiation (5-30 Gray) where cell survival drops below 50% of the survival of un-irradiated cells. Very little data has been accumulated at lower doses. Most of our knowledge in this region has been extrapolated from measurements made at higher doses. This is in part due to the difficulty of obtaining accurate results at higher survival levels, a problem primarily due to the difficulty in accurately determining the number of cells plated for the assay. This statistical uncertainty becomes important at survival levels greater than 50%. The uncertainty can be significantly reduced at these survival levels by accurately counting the number of cells plated, using a microscope, a procedure which is very time consuming when performed manually. A method of automating the procedure with a computer controlled motor driven microscope stage is described in this thesis. With the automated procedure the assay time is reduced by a factor of three. In this thesis the effect of the radiosensitizer misonidazole on cell survival was measured at radiation doses as low as one Gray. The results show that the drug is a poor radiosensitizer at low doses for the experimental system used. The clinical and radiobiological significance of these observations is discussed. This experiment exemplifies the value of measuring cell survival at low doses.
Study of Di-Pion Transitions Among Upsilon(3S), Upsilon(2S), and Upsilon(1S) States
Creators: name: CLEO Collaboration
name: Cronin-Hennessy, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of decay matrix elements for hadronic transitions of the form Upsilon(nS) -> pi pi Upsilon(mS) where (n, m) = (3, 1), (2, 1), and (3, 2). We reconstruct charged and neutral pion modes with the final state Upsilon decaying to either mu+mu- or e+e-. Dalitz plot distributions for the twelve decay modes are fit individually as well as jointly assuming isospin symmetry, thereby measuring the matrix elements of the decay amplitude. We observe and account for the anomaly previously noted in the di-pion invariant mass distribution for the Upsilon(3S) -> pi pi Upsilon(1S) transition and obtain good descriptions of the dynamics of the decay using the most general decay amplitude allowed by partial conservation of the axial-vector current (PCAC) considerations. The fits further indicate that the Upsilon(2S) -> pi pi Upsilon(1S) and Upsilon(3S) -> pi pi Upsilon(2S) transitions also show the presence of terms in the decay amplitude that were previously ignored, although at a relatively suppressed level.
description: 24 pages postscript,also available through http://www.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS/2007/, Accepted by PRD, one new table, one reworked figure
Gate-voltage dependence of Kondo effect in a triangular quantum dot
Creators: name: Numata, T.
name: Nisikawa, Y.
name: Oguri, A.
name: Hewson, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the conductance through a triangular triple quantum dot, which are connected to two noninteracting leads, using the numerical renormalization group (NRG). It is found that the system shows a variety of Kondo effects depending on the filling of the triangle. The SU(4) Kondo effect occurs at half-filling, and a sharp conductance dip due to a phase lapse appears in the gate-voltage dependence. Furthermore, when four electrons occupy the three sites on average, a local S=1 moment, which is caused by the Nagaoka mechanism, is induced along the triangle. The temperature dependence of the entropy and spin susceptibility of the triangle shows that this moment is screened by the conduction electrons via two separate stages at different temperatures. The two-terminal and four-terminal conductances show a clear difference at the gate voltages, where the SU(4) or the S=1 Kondo effects occurring.
description: 4 pages, 4 figs: typos just below (4) are corrected, results are not affected
Solenochilus lucynae Korn & Klug 2023, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Korn, Dieter
name: Klug, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Nautilida
Solenochilidae
Solenochilus
Solenochilus lucynae

description: Solenochilus lucynae sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C87D7BC3-B511-48C4-922B-FCF319D97534
Fig. 19; Table 9
Diagnosis
Species of Solenochilus with thickly pachyconic, involute conch (ww/dm ~0.80; umbilicus closed), whorl profile weakly depressed (ww/wh ~ 1.25) with broadly rounded venter and broadly rounded umbilical margin. Coiling rate extremely high (WER ~3.90), whorls moderately embracing (IZR ~ 0.25). Suture line on flanks and venter nearly straight, in dorsal area with deep, V-shaped internal lobe.
Etymology
Named after Lucyna Leda, who found the holotype.
Material examined
Holotype MOROCCO • Anti-Atlas, 18 km south-east of Rissani; basal Mougoui Ayoun Formation; Leda 2011 Coll.; illustrated in Fig. 19; MB.C.31286.
Paratypes MOROCCO • 2 specimens; Anti-Atlas, region south-east of Rissani; basal Mougoui Ayoun Formation; Karaoui Coll.; PIMUZ 39509, PIMUZ 39514.
Description
Holotype MB.C.31286 is a steinkern specimen with a 72 mm conch diameter, of which the last 120 degrees belong to the body chamber (Fig. 19). The peculiar conch shape with extremely high coiling rate (WER =3.92) can be described as thickly pachyconic (ww/dm=0.82); the whorl profile is characterised by the nearly circular, weakly depressed shape (ww/wh ~1.25) with venter, flanks, umbilical margin and umbilical wall broadly rounded. The embraced area of the preceding whorl is very small, the imprint zone depth is ~0.25. The internal mould is smooth, without traces of ornament. The suture line possesses a very shallow, broadly rounded lateral lobe and a very shallow external lobe.
Paratype PIMUZ 39509 is much smaller at 27 mm dm. The initial chamber is conical with a diameter of ca 4.8 mm. Half of it has broken off, exposing the first septum. The whorl height increase is extreme, while the umbilical width and whorl overlap are very low. The whorl cross section is nearly circular. The first four sutures are nearly straight with a very small and shallow external lobe. Following the fourth septum (ca 14 mm dm), a few weak radial ridges are visible on the flank, which fade out after a few millimetres. Parts of the growth lines are visible on the broadest part of the whorl, where they form a projection (at 15 mm dm).
Remarks
Solenochilus lucynae sp. nov. differs from the other Early Carboniferous species of the genus as follows: S. dorsale and S. hibernicum possess, in contrast to the new species, a slightly opened umbilicus. Solenochilus clausum has an almost closed umbilicus but differs in the more slender conch and hence a narrower whorl profile (ww/wh ~ 0.70) from S. lucynae (ww/wh ~ 1.25).
description: Published as part of Korn, Dieter & Klug, Christian, 2023, Early Carboniferous coiled nautiloids from the Anti-Atlas (Morocco), pp. 156-194 in European Journal of Taxonomy 885 on pages 184-186, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2023.885.2199, http://zenodo.org/record/8222417
Counting Gauge Invariant Operators in SQCD with Classical Gauge Groups
Creators: name: Hanany, Amihay
name: Mekareeya, Noppadol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the plethystic programme and the Molien-Weyl fomula to compute generating functions, or Hilbert Series, which count gauge invariant operators in SQCD with the SO and Sp gauge groups. The character expansion technique indicates how the global symmetries are encoded in the generating functions. We obtain the full character expansion for each theory with arbitrary numbers of colours and flavours. We study the orientifold action on SQCD with the SU gauge group and examine how it gives rise to SQCD with the SO and Sp gauge groups. We establish that the classical moduli space of SQCD is not only irreducible, but is also an affine Calabi-Yau cone over a weighted projective variety.
description: 34 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables
Singularities of Lagrangian Immersions and its Applications in Lagrangian Floer Theory
Creators: name: Zhang, Zuyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article, we study the singularities of Lagrangian immersions into Cartesian product of surfaces. After applying a Hamiltonian isotopy in the Weinstein tubular neighbourhood of the Lagrangian immersion, the singular points of the Lagrangian immersion can be expressed locally as fold points with finitely many cusp points. This result has applications in comparing two Lagrangian Floer complexes associated to curves on surfaces related by a certain Lagrangian correspondence and the quilt Floer complex induced by these three Lagrangian immersions.
description: 57 pages, 8 figures, the contact information is added
Cosmological Constraints on Unparticles as Continuous Mass Scalars
Creators: name: McDonald, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the cosmological constraints on unparticle interactions and the temperature of the Universe for the case where unparticle states can be modelled as continuous mass particles with lifetime > 1s. By considering thermal background quark decay to continuous mass scalars via a scalar operator of dimension d_{U}, we show that the condition that the Universe is not dominated by scalars at nucleosynthesis imposes a lower bound on the scale of the interaction of the unparticle sector, with M_{U} > 20-2600 TeV for Λ_{U} > 1 \TeV$, 1.1 < d_{U} < 2.0 and 2 < d_{BZ} < 4. The existence of a long-lived scalar sector also imposes an upper bound on the temperature of the Universe during radiation-domination, which can be as low as a TeV for M_{U} close to its lower bound.
description: 17 pages LaTeX, title altered, conclusions unaltered, additional discussion. Published in JCAP
Scalable Learning Environments for Teaching Cybersecurity Hands-on
Creators: name: Vykopal, Jan
name: Čeleda, Pavel
name: Seda, Pavel
name: Švábenský, Valdemar
name: Tovarňák, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.3.2

description: This Innovative Practice full paper describes a technical innovation for scalable teaching of cybersecurity hands-on classes using interactive learning environments. Hands-on experience significantly improves the practical skills of learners. However, the preparation and delivery of hands-on classes usually do not scale. Teaching even small groups of students requires a substantial effort to prepare the class environment and practical assignments. Further issues are associated with teaching large classes, providing feedback, and analyzing learning gains. We present our research effort and practical experience in designing and using learning environments that scale up hands-on cybersecurity classes. The environments support virtual networks with full-fledged operating systems and devices that emulate real-world systems. (...) Using the presented environments KYPO Cyber Range Platform and Cyber Sandbox Creator, we delivered the classes on-site or remotely for various target groups of learners (K-12, university students, and professional learners). The learners value the realistic nature of the environments that enable exercising theoretical concepts and tools. The instructors value time-efficiency when preparing and deploying the hands-on activities. Engineering and computing educators can freely use our software, which we have released under an open-source license. We also provide detailed documentation and exemplary hands-on training to help other educators adopt our teaching innovations and enable sharing of reusable components within the community.
description: IEEE FIE 2021 conference, 9 pages, 6 figures, 1 table