cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Screening for Exo84 Gain-of-Function Mutants that Mimic Activation of the Exocyst Complex by Sro7/77
Creators: name: Hudson, Sara
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Polarized cells, such as the yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae, manifest their cell polarity through the transport, tethering, and fusion of post-Golgi vesicles to specific regions of the cell membrane. Tethering is achieved in part by activation of an evolutionarily conserved complex of eight proteins called the exocyst. Recent evidence suggests that the S. cerevisiae exocyst is partially activated through the interaction of lethal giant larvae protein homolog, Sro7/77, and a component of the exocyst, Exo84. However, the function and mechanism of this activation is unknown. Our hypothesis was that gain-of-function Exo84 mutants can mimic constitutive activation by Sro7/77, and thereby suppress deleterious phenotypes caused by disruption of Sro7/77 and Exo84 interactions. To test this hypothesis, a library of randomly mutagenized EXO84 alleles was generated and screened at cold temperatures in yeast that were cold-sensitive due to sro7/77 deletions. Although 15 suppressors were identified, none of the extracted EXO84 alleles were shown to be the cause of suppression, suggesting that the sro7/77 deletion causes too severe a phenotype for a mutated EXO84 allele alone to rescue. Consequently, the screen was performed again at restrictive temperatures in a strain of yeast where exocyst activation by Sro7/77 is indirectly disrupted, through the mutation of an upstream regulator, Sec2. The mutated strain, sec2-41, has been shown to exhibit exocytotic defects and causes temperature sensitivity as a result. From this screen, 17 suppressors were identified and one EXO84 allele was shown to suppress temperature sensitivity through the replacement of leucine with tryptophan at amino acid 365. This mutation may give rise to suppression by relaxing the normally tight structure of Exo84 and the proteins surrounding it in the exocyst complex, thereby opening up the Sec15 binding site to Sec4 and constitutively activating the exocyst. Future directions include determining other exocytotic defects suppressed by the allele, as well as biochemical examinations to understand how the mutation gives rise to suppression of sec2-41. Because these exocytotic proteins are conserved evolutionarily between yeast and humans, understanding these mechanisms is informative for cell polarity establishment in human cells.
Additional file 3 of Pilot study on CHCF1 genotype in a pig challenge model for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4ab/ac associated post-weaning diarrhea
Creators: name: Rydal, Martin Peter
name: Gambino, Michela
name: Jørgensen, Claus Bøttcher
name: Poulsen, Louise Ladefoged
name: Brøndsted, Lone
name: Nielsen, Jens Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Additional file 3. Mean birthweight and weaning weight of pigs in trial 1 and trial 2. Description of data: ET10: ETEC F4ac, STb, LT. ET54: ETEC F4ab, STb, LT. Trial 1: Saline control (n=5 pigs), ET10, 108 CFU (n=5 pigs), ET10, 1010 CFU (n=5 pigs). Trial 2: Saline control (n=11 pigs), ET10, 1010 CFU (n=11 pigs). ET54, 1010 CFU (n=11 pigs). Data presented as means ± standard deviation.
title: Long QT Syndrome-Associated Calmodulin Mutations and Their Interactions with the Kv7.1 Voltage-Gated Potassium Channel
Creators: name: McCormick, Liam
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2028

description: Calmodulin (CaM) is a highly conserved mediator of calcium (Ca2+) dependent signalling and modulates various cardiac ion channels. Genotyping has revealed several CaM mutations associated with long QT syndrome (LQTS). LQTS patients display prolonged ventricular recovery times (QT-interval), increasing their risk of incurring life-threatening cardiac events. Loss of function mutations to KV7.1 (producer of the slow delayed rectifier potassium current, IKs, a key ventricular repolarising current) are the largest contributor to congenital LQTS (>50 % of cases). CaM modulates KV7.1 to produce a Ca2+-sensitive IKs, KV7.1 mutations which reduce CaM binding contribute to LQTS pathology, but never have the consequences of LQTS-associated CaM mutations been determined on KV7.1 function. Here, novel data is presented characterising the biophysical and modulatory properties of four LQTS-associated C-lobe CaM mutants (D96V, N98I, D132H and D134H). In their Ca2+-free (apo) states, mutants display subtle structural differences compared to wild-type (WT) CaM, when Ca2+-bound, mutant conformations become more distinct (circular dichroism and HSQC NMR). CaM mutations reduce C-lobe Ca2+-binding affinity and protein stability (thermostability and proteolytic susceptibility). Mutant CaM proteins display reduced affinities for their isolated, C-terminal KV7.1-binding sites (helix A and B; HA & HB) and adopt distinct conformations to WT CaM when target-bound (isothermal titration calorimetry and HSQC NMR). Reductions in HB affinity are more substantial in Ca2+-saturating than apo conditions, reflecting the more distinct calcified structures of LQTS-CaM proteins. Using patch-clamp electrophysiology, modulatory effects of LQTS-CaM mutants on IKs were determined in transfected HEK293T cells expressing channel (KCNQ1 and KCNE1) and CaM proteins. WT-CaM modulated channels generate larger IKs in response to increased cytosolic Ca2+. All mutants reduce current density at systolic Ca2+-concentrations (1000 nM), within physiological time periods (0.35 s), indicating a direct QT-prolonging modulatory effect. The work presented in this thesis describe disruptions to the structure-function relationships of LQTS-associated CaM mutants. For the first time, structural perturbations to CaM have been shown to impede complex formation with KV7.1 and subsequently result in reduced IKs which is aberrantly regulated by changes in Ca2+. This provides insight into how CaM mutations may exacerbate the dominant cause of LQTS (reduced IKs), and promotes further study into the ever-growing library of CaM mutations identified in LQTS patients.
3D Coverage Path Planning for Efficient Construction Progress Monitoring
Creators: name: Becker, Katrin
name: Oehler, Martin
name: von Stryk, Oskar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: On construction sites, progress must be monitored continuously to ensure that the current state corresponds to the planned state in order to increase efficiency, safety and detect construction defects at an early stage. Autonomous mobile robots can document the state of construction with high data quality and consistency. However, finding a path that fully covers the construction site is a challenging task as it can be large, slowly changing over time, and contain dynamic objects. Existing approaches are either exploration approaches that require a long time to explore the entire building, object scanning approaches that are not suitable for large and complex buildings, or planning approaches that only consider 2D coverage. In this paper, we present a novel approach for planning an efficient 3D path for progress monitoring on large construction sites with multiple levels. By making use of an existing 3D model we ensure that all surfaces of the building are covered by the sensor payload such as a 360-degree camera or a lidar. This enables the consistent and reliable monitoring of construction site progress with an autonomous ground robot. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed planner on an artificial and a real building model, showing that much shorter paths and better coverage are achieved than with a traditional exploration planner.
description: Published in: 2022 IEEE International Symposium on Safety, Security, and Rescue Robotics (SSRR)
An Exploratory Analysis of the UNHCR's Promotion of Repatriation as the Gold Standard for Refugees
Creators: name: LaRochelle, Susanna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: This honors thesis analyzes the promotion of repatriation by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) as the preferred durable solution for refugees since the late 1990s and determines if this stance remains appropriate amidst the realities of the state of refugees today. The number of refugees in the world is rising, and fewer individuals are returning to their countries of origins; therefore, today, the ability for repatriation to serve it’s designated role is shrinking. The policy currently lacks a clear objective amongst scholars and practitioners alike, leading to a lack of consistency in programs and a failure to take into consideration problems that have been witnessed in the past. Primary data in this study is gathered from Key Informants from the UNHCR and academia, who are interviewed on various topics in order to gain insight into the UNHCR’s preference toward this durable solution. Results show that repatriation is preferred because the organization must balance numerous conflicting interests, resulting in the choice of a policy that is not best, but seems to be the only option. There are significant consequences that occur after return that the UNHCR is not actively trying to avoid in program design. Evaluation is inconsistently completed, and there is rarely an objective for its use. The lessons learned from repatriation programs at the UNHCR are not being used to improve programs in the future, but a change in the system that exists right now could lead to positive reforms of policy that prioritize the well-being and desires of the refugee, while contributing to a durable solutions framework that fulfills its role.
Additional file 4 of Pilot study on CHCF1 genotype in a pig challenge model for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4ab/ac associated post-weaning diarrhea
Creators: name: Rydal, Martin Peter
name: Gambino, Michela
name: Jørgensen, Claus Bøttcher
name: Poulsen, Louise Ladefoged
name: Brøndsted, Lone
name: Nielsen, Jens Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Additional file 4. Distribution of genotypes for ETEC susceptibility according to MUC4, CHCF1 and FUT1. Description of data: RR: Homozygous resistant, RS: heterozygous susceptible, SS: homozygous susceptible. ET10: ETEC F4ac, STb,LT. Genotypes for ETEC F4ab/ac susceptibility were investigated according to the MUC4 and CHCF1 genotyping test. Genotypes for ETEC F18 susceptibility were investigated according to the FUT1 genotyping test.
Splitting Spacetime and Cloning Qubits: Linking No-Go Theorems across the ER=EPR Duality
Creators: name: Bao, Ning
name: Pollack, Jason
name: Remmen, Grant N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the no-cloning theorem in quantum mechanics through the lens of the proposed ER=EPR (Einstein-Rosen = Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen) duality between entanglement and wormholes. In particular, we find that the no-cloning theorem is dual on the gravity side to the no-go theorem for topology change, violating the axioms of which allows for wormhole stabilization and causality violation. Such a duality between important no-go theorems elucidates the proposed connection between spacetime geometry and quantum entanglement.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 5 of Pilot study on CHCF1 genotype in a pig challenge model for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4ab/ac associated post-weaning diarrhea
Creators: name: Rydal, Martin Peter
name: Gambino, Michela
name: Jørgensen, Claus Bøttcher
name: Poulsen, Louise Ladefoged
name: Brøndsted, Lone
name: Nielsen, Jens Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Additional file 5. Medians, interquartile ranges and analysis of haemolytic E. coli shedding between CHCF1 genotypes in challenge groups of trial 1 and trial 2 over time. Description of data: RR: homozygous resistant, RS: heterozygous susceptible. In trial 1, haemolytic E. coli shedding was assessed based on presence in primary/secondary/tertiary streak (score of 0: no growth, score 1: growth in primary streak, score 2: growth in secondary streak, score 3: growth in tertiary streak). In trial 2, shedding of haemolytic E. coli was assessed as percentage haemolytic E. coli out of total bacterial growth (0-100%). Data was analyzed for daily differences between groups with Kruskal Wallis, false discovery rate was applied on p-values to correct for multiple comparisons.
At the Mercy of One: A Study of Prosecutorial Preference in America’s Top Death Sentencing Counties
Creators: name: Stanley, Sally
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: How much power and influence does an American prosecutor wield? Examining the 30 U.S. counties that have handed down the most cumulative death sentences since 1976, this study seeks to determine whether the top prosecutors who have served in each of those counties had an impact on the average county death sentencing rate beyond what may be expected. The primary component of analysis uses a regression to determine the impact of county-level characteristics, national trends, and each prosecutor. Results show an impact by each of the following on county death sentencing rates: homicides, population, cumulative death sentences, racial threat, poverty, and national death sentencing trends. Thirteen prosecutors have a statistically significant impact on their county’s death sentencing rate, and numerous others deviate from what can be expected according to the regression. Overall, this study finds evidence supporting the prevalence of multiple nonlegal factors in county death sentencing practices, and suggests that prosecutors have the power to impose their individual preferences on county death sentencing trends.
Olfactory function trends in COVID-19 patients: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Akbari, Maryam
name: Jalali, Mir Mohammad
name: Akbarpour, Maliheh
name: Foumani, Ali Alavi
name: Sharifnia, Saeede
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: One of the most common symptoms in COVID-19 patients is olfactory and taste dysfunction. This study aimed to evaluate the olfactory threshold, and identification using objective tests in the Iranian population. The present study was a prospective cohort study conducted in 2020–2021 on clinically recovering COVID-19 patients. Olfactory function was evaluated at the baseline, 4–6 weeks, and 12 weeks later. Olfactory threshold assessment was performed using the Saba Sabalan kit. The Iranian version of the Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (IR-SIT) was used for olfactory identification. The olfactory threshold was categorized as poor (<8) and good olfaction (≥8). In the present study, 111 patients were examined, including 55 men and 56 women (mean age 41.4 and 53.4 years, respectively). The mean olfactory threshold was better for men (7.2) than for women (6.6). Analysis showed age to have a negative relationship with good olfaction at baseline (OR = 0.93, p = .05). Using IR-SIT, only 29.7% had normal olfactory function. Using linear regression, smoking was found to be significantly related to baseline IR-SIT score (adjusted Beta <0.001, p = .03). Objective tests are appropriate methods for assessing olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients. Further studies are recommended.
[Diplom 1539-03-03, innberetning fra Peder Hanssøn (Litle) om Paal Bjørnssons drap på Oluf Theiste i Hof prestegård på Toten] [manuskript]
Creators: name: Theiste, Oluf
name: Hof Prestegård (Toten); Paal Bjørnsson
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0

description: Diplomatarium Norvegicum 16, nr 599.
Additional file 6 of Pilot study on CHCF1 genotype in a pig challenge model for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F4ab/ac associated post-weaning diarrhea
Creators: name: Rydal, Martin Peter
name: Gambino, Michela
name: Jørgensen, Claus Bøttcher
name: Poulsen, Louise Ladefoged
name: Brøndsted, Lone
name: Nielsen, Jens Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6: Additional file 6. Arrive guidelines.
Protecting Youth Confidentiality and Privacy: Medication Administration in Camp Settings
Creators: name: McBride, Lydia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Teens often experience stigma related to mental illness, including negative attitudes and internalized feelings about psychiatric medications. Group settings, such as school and camp, present challenges regarding confidentiality due to inadvertent disclosure of medication to others in these settings. In camp settings, adolescents meet new people and are trying to form friendships; however, fear of inadvertent disclosure of mental health diagnosis and treatment may be exacerbated by the need for social acceptance among new peers. Unfortunately, no studies of camp medication administration practices have been conducted.
In order to address this concern and try to determine potential administration policies that would better protect camper confidentiality, a convenience sample of 41 camp nurses completed an anonymous online survey. 
Participants described their camp setting, current medication administration practices and shared perceptions of two recommended confidentiality and privacy practices: (1) educating and training counselors to provide certain medications, and (2) allowing campers to request one-on-one medication administration with the nurse if desired. Participants were primarily female, BSN prepared, and had an average of 17.5 years nursing experience and 5 years camp nurse experience.  All worked at overnight camps that primarily served youth from grade school to high school. Participants perceived that one-on-one sessions provided greater privacy and were more feasible when compared to counselor training. They also made recommendations for methods to improve the effectiveness of privacy protections. These suggestions warrant investigation and form the basis for a follow-up survey to be administered to individuals who volunteered to be included in further research.
Predefined domain specific embeddings of food concepts and recipes: A case study on heterogeneous recipe datasets
Creators: name: Ispirova, Gordana
name: Eftimov, Tome
name: Seljak, Barbara Koroušić
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although recipe data are very easy to come by nowadays, it is really hard to find a complete recipe dataset - with a list of ingredients, nutrient values per ingredient, and per recipe, allergens, etc. Recipe datasets are usually collected from social media websites where users post and publish recipes. Usually written with little to no structure, using both standardized and non-standardized units of measurement. We collect six different recipe datasets, publicly available, in different formats, and some including data in different languages. Bringing all of these datasets to the needed format for applying a machine learning (ML) pipeline for nutrient prediction [1], [2], includes data normalization using dictionary-based named entity recognition (NER), rule-based NER, as well as conversions using external domain-specific resources. From the list of ingredients, domain-specific embeddings are created using the same embedding space for all recipes - one ingredient dataset is generated. The result from this normalization process is two corpora - one with predefined ingredient embeddings and one with predefined recipe embeddings. On all six recipe datasets, the ML pipeline is evaluated. The results from this use case also confirm that the embeddings merged using the domain heuristic yield better results than the baselines.
description: 10 pages, 7 tables
Comparison of two statistical methods to address missing accelerometer data in HCHS/SOL Youth
Creators: name: Lopez, Jose
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: In this paper, we aim to use data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latino's (HCHS/SOL's) SOL Youth to assess whether there are differences amongst the estimates of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) utilizing two different methods to address missing data compared to complete case analysis (CCA) (restricting analysis to observations without missing data). The two methods explored in this study are multiple imputation (MI) and inverse probability weights (IPWs). We will compare the results between these two methods treating PA and SB as either outcomes, main exposures of interest, or as covariates, to evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of the approaches to addressing missing data such as the ease of implementation for other HCHS/SOL's SOL Youth investigators.
D2.1 Documentation of regulatory needs for cardiotoxicity methods and data
Creators: name: Murugadoss, Sivakumar
name: Mertens, Birgit
name: Paparella, Martin
name: Schaffert, Alexandra
name: Linzalone, Nunzia
name: Gehring, Ronette
name: Roos, Tom
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Cardiovascular diseases, cardiotoxicity, regulatory needs, new approach methodologies, heart failure

description: This document aims to provide an overview on the regulatory needs for cardiotoxicity methods and data that can be used for consultation of national and European Preliminary Assessment of REgulatory Relevance (PARERE) Networks. We provide a brief overview of 1) the scientific knowledge about cardiotoxicity induced by chemical stressors, 2) the current regulatory assessment frameworks for cardiotoxicity and their needs for improvement, and 3) specific New Approach Methodologies (NAMs)-based assessment tools, which are available or in development, with a specific focus on the work performed in the European project ALTERNATIVE (https://alternative-project.eu/). In addition, a set of questions for PARERE regulators is included and we aim to receive feedback on the regulatory relevance of these three aspects.
Itinerant Ferromagnetism and $p+ip'$ Superconductivity in Doped Bilayer Silicene
Creators: name: Zhang, Li-Da
name: Yang, Fan
name: Yao, Yugui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electronic instabilities of doped bilayer silicene using the random phase approximation. In contrast to the singlet $d+id'$ superconductivity at the low doping region, we find that the system is an itinerant ferromagnet in the narrow doping regions around the Van Hove singularities, and a triplet $p+ip'$ superconductor in the vicinity of these regions. Adding a weak Kane-Mele spin-orbit coupling to the system further singles out the time-reversal invariant equal-spin helical $p+ip'$ pairing as the leading instability. The triplet pairing identified here is driven by the ferromagnetic fluctuations, which become strong and enhance the superconducting critical temperature remarkably near the phase boundaries between ferromagnetism and superconductivity.
description: 6 pages plus appendix, 6 figures
Continuous images of closed sets in generalized Baire spaces
Creators: name: Lücke, Philipp
name: Schlicht, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E05, 03E15, 03E35, 03E47

description: Let $κ$ be an uncountable cardinal with $κ=κ^{{<}κ}$. Given a cardinal $μ$, we equip the set ${}^κμ$ consisting of all functions from $κ$ to $μ$ with the topology whose basic open sets consist of all extensions of partial functions of cardinality less than $κ$. We prove results that allow us to separate several classes of subsets of ${}^κκ$ that consist of continuous images of closed subsets of spaces of the form ${}^κμ$. Important examples of such results are the following: (i) there is a closed subset of ${}^κκ$ that is not a continuous image of ${}^κκ$; (ii) there is an injective continuous image of ${}^κκ$ that is not $κ$-Borel (i.e. that is not contained in the smallest algebra of sets on ${}^κκ$ that contains all open subsets and is closed under $κ$-unions); (iii) the statement "every continuous image of ${}^κκ$ is an injective continuous image of a closed subset of ${}^κκ$" is independent of the axioms of $\mathrm{ZFC}$; and (iv) the axioms of $\mathrm{ZFC}$ do not prove that the assumption "$2^κ>κ^+$'' implies the statement "every closed subset of ${}^κκ$ is a continuous image of ${}^κ(κ^+)$'' or its negation.
description: 30 pages
Quantum vorticity in nature
Creators: name: Huang, Kerson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum vorticity occurs in superfluidity, which arises from a spatial variation of the quantum phase. As such, it can occur in diverse systems over a wide range of scales, from the electroweak sector and QCD of the standard model of particle theory, through the everyday world, to the cosmos. I review the observable manifestations, and their unified description in terms of an order parameter that is a complex scalar field.
description: 18 pages, 17 figures. Invited contribution to the Proceedings of a Conference on Sixty Years of Yang-Mills Gauge field, Institute of Advanced Studies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, May 26-28, 2015
Content Adaptive Wavelet Lifting for Scalable Lossless Video Coding
Creators: name: Lanz, Daniela
name: Herbert, Christian
name: Kaup, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Scalable lossless video coding is an important aspect for many professional applications. Wavelet-based video coding decomposes an input sequence into a lowpass and a highpass subband by filtering along the temporal axis. The lowpass subband can be used for previewing purposes, while the highpass subband provides the residual content for lossless reconstruction of the original sequence. The recursive application of the wavelet transform to the lowpass subband of the previous stage yields coarser temporal resolutions of the input sequence. This allows for lower bit rates, but also affects the visual quality of the lowpass subband. So far, the number of total decomposition levels is determined for the entire input sequence in advance. However, if the motion in the video sequence is strong or if abrupt scene changes occur, a further decomposition leads to a low-quality lowpass subband. Therefore, we propose a content adaptive wavelet transform, which locally adapts the depth of the decomposition to the content of the input sequence. Thereby, the visual quality of the low-pass subband is increased by up to 10.28 dB compared to a uniform wavelet transform with the same number of total decomposition levels, while the required rate is reduced by 1.06% additionally.
String Compression in FA-Presentable Structures
Creators: name: Berdinsky, Dmitry
name: Jain, Sanjay
name: Khoussainov, Bakhadyr
name: Stephan, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We construct a FA-presentation $ψ: L \rightarrow \mathbb{N}$ of the structure $(\mathbb{N};\mathrm{S})$ for which a numerical characteristic $r(n)$ defined as the maximum number $ψ(w)$ for all strings $w \in L$ of length less than or equal to $n$ grows faster than any tower of exponents of a fixed height. This result leads us to a more general notion of a compressibility rate defined for FA-presentations of any FA-presentable structure. We show the existence of FA-presentations for the configuration space of a Turing machine and Cayley graphs of some groups for which it grows faster than any tower of exponents of a fixed height. For FA-presentations of the Presburger arithmetic $(\mathbb{N};+)$ we show that it is bounded from above by a linear function.
description: 14 pages; accepted version
Magicity of neutron-rich isotopes within relativistic self-consistent approaches
Creators: name: Li, Jia Jie
name: Margueron, Jérôme
name: Long, Wen Hui
name: Van Giai, Nguyen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of new shell gaps in intermediate mass neutron-rich nuclei is investigated within the relativistic Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory, and the role of the Lorentz pseudo-vector and tensor interactions is analyzed. Based on the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation, we discuss in detail the role played by the different terms of the Lorentz pseudo-vector and tensor interactions in the appearing of the $N=16$, 32 and 34 shell gaps. The nuclei $^{24}$O, $^{48}$Si and $^{52,54}$Ca are predicted with a large shell gap and zero ($^{24}$O, $^{52}$Ca) or almost zero ($^{48}$Si, $^{54}$Ca) pairing gap, making them candidates for new magic numbers in exotic nuclei. We find from our analysis that the Lorentz pseudo-vector and tensor interactions induce very specific evolutions of single-particle energies, which could clearly sign their presence and reveal the need for relativistic approaches with exchange interactions.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
A simplified view of blazars: contribution to the X-ray and gamma-ray cosmic backgrounds
Creators: name: Giommi, Paolo
name: Padovani, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The "blazar simplified view" is a new paradigm that explains well the diverse statistical properties of blazars observed over the entire electromagnetic spectrum on the basis of minimal assumptions on blazars' physical and geometrical properties. In this paper, the fourth in a series, we extend the predictions of this paradigm below the sensitivity of existing surveys and estimate the contribution of blazars to the X-ray and gamma-ray extragalactic backgrounds. We find that the integrated light from blazars can explain up to 100% of the cosmic background at energies larger than ~10 GeV, and contribute ~40 to 70% of the gamma-ray diffuse radiation between 100 MeV and 10 GeV. The contribution of blazars to the X-ray background, between 1 and 50 keV, is approximately constant and of the order of 4-5%. On the basis of an interpolation between the estimated flux at X-ray and gamma-ray energies we can expect that the contribution of blazars raises to ~10% at 100 keV, and continues to increase with energy until it becomes the dominant component at a few MeV. Finally, we show that a strong dependence of the synchrotron peak frequency on luminosity, as postulated by the "blazar sequence", is ruled out by the observational data as it predicts a gamma-ray background above a few GeV that is far in excess of the observed value.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Plastome phylogenomic analysis reveals evolutionary divergences of Polypodiales suborder Dennstaedtiineae
Creators: name: Lu, Jin-Mei
name: Du, Xin-Yu
name: Kuo, Li-Yaung
name: Ebihara, Atsushi
name: Perrie, Leon R.
name: Zuo, Zheng-Yu
name: Shang, Hui
name: Chang, Yi-Han
name: Li, De-Zhu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Information of Voucher specimens, the characteristics, and GenBank accession numbers of newly generated plastomes in this study.
Implications of Text and Visuals in Late Medieval Paris: A Case Study of the Danse Macabre in the Cemetery of the Holy Innocents
Creators: name: Mauney, Rachel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Believed by many to be a model for Dance of Death illustrations appearing throughout Europe in and after the fifteenth century, I argue the ​Danse Macabre,​ as it once existed in the Cemetery of Innocents, was a work of art inspired by a series of conditions specific to Late Medieval Parisian society. I aim to demonstrate how retrospective consideration of the context in which the ​Danse Macabre​ was created, received, and utilized at the Cemetery of Innocents illuminates its potential ​in situ​ purposes. Didactic and macabre in nature, I position the ​Danse ​as a program used to outrightly promote agendas of the Church and implicitly present beliefs central to the University of Paris. Once contextualized in terms of the cemetery’s history and the period’s religious and cultural beliefs surrounding death, I argue the ​Danse Macabre​ met various spiritual needs of Parisians in the Late Medieval Period, becoming a type of evaluative moral object and enabling its onlookers to reflect upon their own future deaths. In being understood as
an object for religious introspection, I also suggest the ​Danse​ sanctioned viewers to imagine false realities in order to accommodate their burial needs. This paper is primarily visually informed by Guyot Marchant's Danse Macabre prints. While I do not equate the prints and the Danse Macabre at the Cemetery of Innocents, I rely on Marchant's prints to visually inform the now, non-existent mural.
Additional file 2 of Plastome phylogenomic analysis reveals evolutionary divergences of Polypodiales suborder Dennstaedtiineae
Creators: name: Lu, Jin-Mei
name: Du, Xin-Yu
name: Kuo, Li-Yaung
name: Ebihara, Atsushi
name: Perrie, Leon R.
name: Zuo, Zheng-Yu
name: Shang, Hui
name: Chang, Yi-Han
name: Li, De-Zhu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2. Maximum likelihood (ML) phylogeny of Polypodiales suborder Dennstaedtiineae based on CDS data set.
A formula for eigenvalues of Jacobi matrices with a reflection symmetry
Creators: name: Rutkevich, S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectral properties of two special classes of Jacobi operators are studied. For the first class represented by the $2M$-dimensional real Jacobi matrices whose entries are symmetric with respect to the secondary diagonal, a new polynomial identity relating the eigenvalues of such matrices with their matrix { entries} is obtained. In the limit $M\to\infty$ this identity induces some requirements, which should satisfy the scattering data of the resulting infinite-dimensional Jacobi operator in the half-line, which super- and sub-diagonal matrix elements are equal to -1. We obtain such requirements in the simplest case of the discrete Schrödinger operator acting in ${l}^2( \mathbb{N})$, which does not have bound and semi-bound states, and which potential has a compact support.
description: Extended published version. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1404.4325
Characterization of the Interventricular Septum Development
Creators: name: Santana-Bueno, Vivi Diana
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: The interventricular septum (IVS) separates the right and left ventricles of the heart, preventing the mixing of blood from the oxygenated systemic circulation with that of the deoxygenated pulmonary circulation. Prior research has established the role of cardiac transcription factors in the formation of the IVS. However, the principal molecular mechanism that governs IVS formation remains unknown. To understand the key events that occur during septation we performed a detailed morphological characterization of septation at critical developmental time points. In addition, we used genetic lineage tracing studies to identify the developmental origins of cardiac cells that populate the septum. Finally, as an initial means to assess the role that proliferation has in the maturation of the interventricular septum we performed proliferation analysis of cells within the septum. Analysis of the genetic lineage tracing studies confirm that the interventricular septum is mostly derived from second heart field cells. The proliferation analysis revealed an appreciable number of proliferating cells in the IVS. However, there does not appear to be a distinct regional distribution of proliferating cells within the septum. These works provide a detailed characterization of morphological and genetic events that contribute to septum development that will be used as a fundamental basis from which to further study the molecular mechanisms that dictate septum formation.
White Paper on MPS
Creators: name: Sartori, Susanna
name: Vozzi, Federico
name: Ciardelli, Gianluca
name: Boffito, Monica
name: Sbrana, Tommaso
name: Berenguel Alonso, Miguel
name: Fernández Arroyo, Salvador
name: Anglart, Adam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Microphysiological systems (MPS), bio-materials

description: Microphysiological systems (MPS) are technological platforms that recapitulate functional units of human organs in vitro. There is no general unanimity in the definition of MPS and several platforms have been described as MPS technologies. Among these, are spheroids, static co-cultures, static micro patterned technologies, organ on chips (OOC), multi-organs on chips and human on chips (HOC). In this white paper we define MPS as advanced systems over the classic bi-dimensional (2D) cultures by including some of the following aspects: a three-dimensional (3D) framework (commonly referred to as scaffold) based on biomaterials of natural or synthetic origin; a 3D structure; a microfluidic counterpart; sensors to monitor MPS behaviour; an appropriate apparatus for MPS stimulation (e.g., electrical, mechanical cues); primary or stem cell-derived cells. MPS permit the study of human physiology in an organ-specific context, and they can find application in several fields. For instance, MPS can 1) help to unravel phenomena involved in the regulation of disease onset and progression, 2) support the drug development pipeline, and 3) contribute to chemical risk assessment. MPS may overcome the limits associated with traditional animal models, that are often not enough predictive of the human reality. Moreover, MPS present clear advantages in terms of cost, time, and ethical issues if compared with in vivo models. MPS demonstrated to be superior also to traditional 2D static cell culture models, that are not able to accurately reconstitute the in vivo cellular micro environment, tissue micro-architecture, and physiological functionality. The final goal is to develop systems, which combine 3D tissue models and flow-mimetic conditions, to recapitulate in vitro the complexity of human patho-physiology, thus effectively reproducing human clinical responses to drugs, and other exogenous stimuli.
Deep Learning Based Predictive Beamforming Design
Creators: name: Zhang, Juping
name: Zheng, Gan
name: Zhang, Yangyishi
name: Krikidis, Ioannis
name: Wong, Kai-Kit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper investigates deep learning techniques to predict transmit beamforming based on only historical channel data without current channel information in the multiuser multiple-input-single-output downlink. This will significantly reduce the channel estimation overhead and improve the spectrum efficiency especially in high-mobility vehicular communications. Specifically, we propose a joint learning framework that incorporates channel prediction and power optimization, and produces prediction for transmit beamforming directly. In addition, we propose to use the attention mechanism in the Long Short-Term Memory Recurrent Neural Networks to improve the accuracy of channel prediction. Simulation results using both a simple autoregressive process model and the more realistic 3GPP spatial channel model verify that our proposed predictive beamforming scheme can significantly improve the effective spectrum efficiency compared to traditional channel estimation and the method that separately predicts channel and then optimizes beamforming.
description: Accepted in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
Tunable anisotropic superfluidity in an optical kagome superlattice
Creators: name: Zhang, Xue-Feng
name: Wang, Tao
name: Eggert, Sebastian
name: Pelster, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase diagram of the Bose-Hubbard model on the kagome lattice with a broken sublattice symmetry. Such a superlattice structure can naturally be created and tuned by changing the potential offset of one sublattice in the optical generation of the frustrated lattice. The superstructure gives rise to a rich quantum phase diagram, which is analyzed by combining Quantum Monte Carlo simulations with the Generalized Effective Potential Landau Theory. Mott phases with non-integer filling and a characteristic order along stripes are found, which show a transition to a superfluid phase with an anisotropic superfluid density. Surprisingly, the direction of the superfluid anisotropy is changing between different symmetry directions as a function of the particle number or the hopping strength. Finally, we discuss characteristic signatures of anisotropic phases in time-of-flight absorption measurements.
description: 5 pages with 5 figures. For more information and the latest version see http://www.physik.uni-kl.de/eggert/papers/index.html
Intergenerational Impacts of Stunting among Filipino Women:  Interplay of Social and Biological Pathways
Creators: name: Hussein, Areej
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Chronic childhood undernutrition has adverse and long-lasting reproductive health costs for women in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs). Women who were stunted in early childhood usually experience disrupted puberty, often characterized as late maturation. Deviations from normal ranges of puberty onset can further impact a woman’s fertility outcomes. In this paper, we used longitudinal data from the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey (CLHNS) to understand the intergenerational effects of childhood stunting on young Filipino women. Here we investigate a path from the time a girl is stunted in childhood to the birthweight of her first offspring, intending to unravel social and biological risk factors of low birthweight (LBW). This study was the first to model a path from stunting to low birthweight through maturation, sexual initiation, and age at first pregnancy. The findings of this paper provide evidence that stunting at 24 months is a significant risk factor for low birthweight in the first birth.
Additional file 3 of Plastome phylogenomic analysis reveals evolutionary divergences of Polypodiales suborder Dennstaedtiineae
Creators: name: Lu, Jin-Mei
name: Du, Xin-Yu
name: Kuo, Li-Yaung
name: Ebihara, Atsushi
name: Perrie, Leon R.
name: Zuo, Zheng-Yu
name: Shang, Hui
name: Chang, Yi-Han
name: Li, De-Zhu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 3. Bayesian inference (BI) phylogeny of Polypodiales suborder Dennstaedtiineae based on CDS data set.
Effect of rigid body motion in phase-field models of solid-state sintering
Creators: name: Seiz, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the last two decades, many phase-field models for solid-state sintering have been published. Two groups of models have emerged, with and without the contribution of rigid body motion. This paper first describes the previously published phase-field model with an advection term driven by rigid body motion. The model is then used to investigate the differences between models with and without rigid body motion in new benchmark geometries exhibiting markedly different behavior. Sensitivity studies concerning the parameters of the rigid-body motion model are conducted and their effects on equilibrium and kinetic properties explored. In particular, it is shown by simulations that a shrinkage rate independent of system size requires the inclusion of an advection term. Finally, the reason behind this behavior is explored and implications for diffusion-only models are drawn.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures Accepted Manuscript version