cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
1991 Rise in Retail Food Prices Was the Smallest Since 1985
Creators: name: Parlett, Ralph
name: Parlett, Ralph
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: VVith lower farm prices for some commodities and the downturn in the general economy, retail food prices rose in 1991 by the smallest amount since 1985. As measured by the consumer price index (CPI), food prices rose 2.9 percent in 1991, compared with 5.8 percent in both 1989 and 1990 (table 1). Prices for food sold in supermarkets and grocery stores rose more slowly than at eating places, reversing the trend during the past 4 years. The CPI for food sold in supermarkets and grocery stores (food for at-home consumption) rose 2.6 percent in 1991. The CPI for food in restaurants and fast food establishments (food away from home) rose 3.4 percent, the smallest increase since 1965. Both components rose more slowly than the 4.2-percent increase in the CPI for all goods and services. Farm prices were lower due to larger supplies of red meats, poultry, dairy products, and orange juice. A sluggish economy dampened rises in processing and distribution costs. On the demand side, a reduction in disposable personal income (adjusted for inflation) squeezed consumers' budgets and their expenditures for food
Per Capita Food Spending Up 25 Percent in 4 Years
Creators: name: Blaylock, James R.
name: Smallwood, David M.
name: Blaylock, James R.
name: Smallwood, David M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Demand and Price Analysis

description: From 1986 to 1990, after-tax household income rose 25 percent. Food spending kept pace, also rising 25 percent. Consequently, the 15-percent share of after- tax household income allocated to food did not change. However, spending for some food categories rose faster than for others. For example, spending for cereals and bakery products jumped 34 percent, while beef and pork spending climbed 15 and 14 percent, respectively. Spending for eggs remained level.
Third-order Exceptional Point and Successive Switching among Three States in a Degenerate Optical Microcavity
Creators: name: Laha, Arnab
name: Beniwal, Dinesh
name: Dey, Sibnath
name: Biswas, Abhijit
name: Ghosh, Somnath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most intriguing topological features of open systems is exhibiting exceptional point (EP) singularities. Apart from the widely explored second-order EPs (EP2s), the explorations of higher-order EPs in any system requires more complex topology, which is still a challenge. Here, we encounter a third-order EP (EP3) for the first time in a simple fabrication feasible gain-loss assisted optical microcavity. Using scattering-matrix formalism, we study the simultaneous interactions between three successive coupled states around two EP2s, which yield an EP3. Following an adiabatic parametric variation around the identified EP3, we present a robust successive-state-conversion mechanism among three coupled states. The proposed scheme indeed opens a unique platform to manipulate light in integrated devices.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Autonomous chaos of exciton-polariton condensates
Creators: name: Ruiz-Sánchez, R.
name: Rechtman, R.
name: Rubo, Y. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation of chaos and strange attractors in the order parameter space of a system of two coupled, non-resonantly driven exciton-polariton condensates. The typical scenario of bifurcations experienced by the system with increasing external pumping consists of (i) formation of $π$-synchronized condensates at low pumping, (ii) symmetry breaking pitchfork bifurcation leading to unequal occupations of the condensates with non-trivial phase difference between them, (iii) loss of the stability of all fixed points in the system resulting in chaotic dynamics, (iv) limit cycle dynamics of the order parameter, which ends up in (v) in-phase synchronized condensates via the Hopf bifurcation from a limit cycle. The chaotic dynamics of the order parameter is evidenced by calculating the maximal Lyapunov exponent. The presence of a chaotic domain is studied as a function of polariton-polariton interaction and the Josephson coupling between the condensates. At some values of the parameters the bifurcation route is more complex and the strange attractor can coexist with the stable fixed-point lasing. We also investigate how the chaotic dynamics is reflected in the light emission spectrum from the microcavity.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Evidence for large superhumps in TX Col and V4742 Sgr
Creators: name: Retter, Alon
name: Liu, Alexander
name: Bos, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the discovery of the largest positive superhump period in TV Col, we have started a program to search for superhumps in CVs with large orbital periods. Here, we summarize preliminary results of TX Col and V4742 Sgr. TX Col is an intermediate polar with a 5.7-h orbital period. V4742 Sgr is a recent nova with no known periods. CCD unfiltered continuous photometry of these 2 objects was carried out during 56 nights in 2002-3. In TX Col, in addition to the orbital period of 5.7 h, we found peaks at 7.1 h and 5.0 h. These are interpreted as positive and negative superhumps correspondingly, although the effects of the quasi-periodic oscillations at about 2 h were not taken into consideration. In the light curve of V4742 Sgr 2 long periods are detected -- 6.1 and 5.4 h as well as a short-term period at 1.6 h. This result suggests that V4742 Sgr is an intermediate polar candidate and a permanent superhump system with a large orbital period (5.4 h) and a superhump period excess of 13 percent. If these results are confirmed, TX Col, V4742 Sgr and TV Col form a group of intermediate polars with extremely large superhump periods. There seems to be now growing evidence that superhumps can occur in intermediate polars with long orbital periods, which is very likely inconsistent with the theoretical prediction that superhumps can only occur in systems with mass ratios below 0.33. Alternatively, if the mass ratio in these systems is nevertheless below the theoretical limit, they should harbour undermassive secondaries and massive white dwarfs, near the Chandrasekhar limit, which would make them excellent candidates for progenitors of supernovae type Ia.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, 3 sty files, To appear in the proceedings of IAU JD5, `White Dwarfs: Galactic and Cosmological Probes', eds. Ed Sion, Stephane Vennes and Harry Shipman, Full abstract in paper
Additional file 1 of The effects of enhanced primary healthcare interventions on primary care providers’ job satisfaction
Creators: name: Wong, Wen Jun
name: Aisyah Mohd Norzi
name: Swee Hung Ang
name: Chan, Chee Lee
name: Faeiz Syezri Adzmin Jaafar
name: Sheamini Sivasampu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Exploring metastability via the third harmonic measurements in single crystals of $2H$-$NbSe_2$ showing anomalous Peak effect
Creators: name: Thakur, A. D.
name: Banerjee, S. S.
name: Higgins, M. J.
name: Ramakrishnan, S.
name: Grover, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the metastability effects across the order-disorder transition pertaining to the peak effect phenomenonon in critical current density ($J_c$) via the first and the third harmonic ac susceptibility measurements in the weakly pinned single crystals of $2H$-$NbSe_2$. An analysis of our data suggests that an imprint of the limiting (spinodal) temperature above which $J_c$ is path independent can be conveniently located in the third harmonic data ($χ_{3ω}^{\prime}$).
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Integrating sustainable natural resource management and conservation objectives: approaches to ecosystem based management
Creators: name: Safiq, Alexandrea Dagmar
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2019

description: Ecosystem based management (EBM) is a wholistic approach to natural resource management whereby interactions with an ecosystem, including humans are considered in management rather than considering single issues, species or ecosystem services in isolation. Historically, natural resources were managed under a single management paradigm. However, when ecosystems are managed by their individual components important complexities and nuances in socio-ecological dynamics are lost. Given the recent shift to an ecosystem based approach, much research is needed on the integration of social and ecological components of ecosystems. My research contributes to this literature by (1) investigating the definition and implementation of ecosystem based fisheries management (EBFM) in the northeast and mid-Atlantic united states, (2) exploring biocultural homogenization of coral reef fish assemblages off the coast of Florida and (3) conducting a systematic review of interactions between fisheries and marine mammals at a global scale.
Effects of Electroweak Instantons In High-Energy Neutrino Telescopes
Creators: name: Han, Tao
name: Hooper, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that next generation high-energy neutrino telescopes may reveal the existence of interactions induced by standard model electroweak instantons. The energy spectrum, the angular distribution, and the quark and lepton multiplicity of events in the detector each provide signatures which can indicate the presence of these interactions. High-energy neutrino telescopes may be capable of searching for signals at energies far beyond the reach of the next generation colliders.
description: Version to appear in PLB
Marketing Bill Is the Largest Chunk of Food Expenditures
Creators: name: Elitzak, Howard
name: Elitzak, Howard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: ilyrhile consumer food expenditures increased only 2.7 percent in 1991, food marketing costs—as measured by the marketing bill—rose 4.5 percent to $361 billion. Over time, the marketing bill has been the driving force in food expenditure increases (fig. 1). Between 1981 and 1991, the marketing bill grew faster than the farm value, 75 percent compared to 24 percent, and now accounts for 78 percent of the cost of food. The marketing bill includes consumer foodservice expenditures which are not included in USDA's market basket (see "1991 Rise in Retail Food Prices Was the Smallest Since 1985" elsewhere in this issue). Because the cost of preparing and serving food is a major part of the cost of food eaten away from home, the farm value derived from the marketing bill statistics is smaller than the corresponding market basket figure of 27 cents.
Confronto tra il profilo cognitivo e neuropsichiatrico dei pazienti con RBD idiopatico e pazienti con Malattia di Parkinson
Creators: name: Savini Cinzia
name: Assogna Francesca
name: Pellicano Clelia
name: Spalletta Gianfranco
name: Macchiusi Lucia
name: Belli Claudia
name: Izzi, F.
name: Mercuri, N.B.
name: Liguori Claudio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: RBD
Parkinson's disease

description: Confronto tra il profilo cognitivo e neuropsichiatrico dei pazienti con RBD idiopatico e pazienti con Malattia di Parkinson Progetto Giovani Ricercatori [GR‐2016‐02361783] dal titolo “Unraveling neuroimaging biomarkers of vascular parkinsonism using multimodal, conventional and unconventional MRI tecniques to investigate their role in determining the peculiar clinical phenotype of the disease.”(Ministero della Salute)
How we hired that reporter : A newspaper, a university, an investigative center, and donors find a new way
Creators: name: Person Responsible Unknown
Publisher: name: Columbia Journalism Review
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4701
subject: Communication and media studies

description: Published on: http://www.cjr.org/behind_the_news/how_we_hired_that_reporter_1.php
Additional file 1 of Distribution and diversity of olefins and olefin-biosynthesis genes in Gram-positive bacteria
Creators: name: Surger, Maximilian
name: Angelov, Angel
name: Liebl, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1.Arthrobacter strains. The total fatty acid and olefin chain lengths and isomer distribution, as well as absolute cellular amounts in complex medium. Values are the mean of at least two biological replicates. The error bars represent standard deviation. Except for Arthrobacter oxydans, which was
Many-Particle and Many-Hole States in Neutron-Rich Ne Isotopes Related to Broken N=20 Shell Closure
Creators: name: Kimura, Masaaki
name: Horiuchi, Hisashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low-lying level structures of $^{26}{\rm Ne}$, $^{28}{\rm Ne}$ and $^{30}{\rm Ne}$ which are related to the breaking of the N=20 shell closure have been studied by the framework of the deformed-basis antisymmetrized molecular dynamics plus generator coordinate method using Gogny D1S force. The properties of the many-particle and many-hole states are discussed as well as that of the ground band. We predict that the negative-parity states in which neutrons are promoted into $pf$-orbit from $sd$ orbit have the small excitation energy in the cases of $^{28}{\rm Ne}$ and $^{30}{\rm Ne}$ which, we regard, is a typical phenomena accompanying the breaking of N=20 shell closure. It is also found that the neutron $4p4h$ structure of $^{30}{\rm Ne}$ appears in low excitation energy which contains $α+ ^{16}{\rm O}$ correlations.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Collapsing Behavior of the Ferrimagnetic Ground State of the $S=1/2$ Heisenberg Antiferromagnet on the Lieb Lattice due to Frustration
Creators: name: Furuchi, Rito
name: Nakano, Hiroki
name: Sakai, Tôru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the $S = 1/2$ Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the Lieb lattice accompanied by additional interactions that create frustration. The system exhibits a ferrimagnetic ground state in the absence of frustration. Further, we successfully observe a novel type of collapsing behavior of the ferrimagnetism via numerical diagonalization. The ferrimagnetic state is observed to collapse in a discontinuous manner. Furthermore, different ground states with small spontaneous magnetizations are obtained before the spontaneous magnetization finally disappears.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
Additional file 1 of Comparison of estimators of variance for forest inventories with systematic sampling - results from artificial populations
Creators: name: Magnussen, Steen
name: McRoberts, Ronald E.
name: Breidenbach, Johannes
name: Nord-Larsen, Thomas
name: Ståhl, Göran
name: Fehrmann, Lutz
name: Schnell, Sebastian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Appendix.
Confronto tra il profilo cognitivo e neuropsichiatrico dei pazienti con RBD idiopatico e pazienti con malattia di Parkinson
Creators: name: Savini Cinzia
name: Assogna Francesca
name: Pellicano Clelia
name: Spalletta Gianfranco
name: Macchiusi Lucia
name: Belli Claudia
name: Izzi, F.
name: Mercuri, N.B.
name: Liguori Claudio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: RBD
Parkinson's disease

description: Confronto tra il profilo cognitivo e neuropsichiatrico dei pazienti con RBD idiopatico e pazienti con malattia di Parkinson Progetto Giovani Ricercatori [GR‐2016‐02361783] dal titolo “Unraveling neuroimaging biomarkers of vascular parkinsonism using multimodal, conventional and unconventional MRI tecniques to investigate their role in determining the peculiar clinical phenotype of the disease.”(Ministero della Salute)
The Merging History of Massive Black Holes
Creators: name: Volonteri, M.
name: Haardt, F.
name: Madau, P.
name: Sesana, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a hierarchical structure formation scenario describing the evolution of a Super Massive Black Holes (SMBHs) population. The seeds of the local SMBHs are assumed to be 'pregalactic' black holes, remnants of the first POPIII stars. As these pregalactic holes become incorporated through a series of mergers into larger and larger halos, they sink to the center owing to dynamical friction, accrete a fraction of the gas in the merger remnant to become supermassive, form a binary system, and eventually coalesce. A simple model in which the damage done to a stellar cusps by decaying BH pairs is cumulative is able to reproduce the observed scaling relation between galaxy luminosity and core size. An accretion model connecting quasar activity with major mergers and the observed BH mass-velocity dispersion correlation reproduces remarkably well the observed luminosity function of optically-selected quasars in the redshift range 1
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, Contribute to "Multiwavelength Cosmology", Mykonos, Greece, June 17-20, 2003
Unique determination of fractional order and source term in a fractional diffusion equation from sparse boundary data
Creators: name: Li, Zhiyuan
name: Zhang, Zhidong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R30, 35R11, 26A33

description: In this article, for a two dimensional fractional diffusion equation, we study an inverse problem for simultaneous restoration of the fractional order and the source term from the sparse boundary measurements. By the adjoint system corresponding to our diffusion equation, we construct useful quantitative relation between unknowns and measurements. From Laplace transform and the knowledge in complex analysis, the uniqueness theorem is proved.
Acciones para la adaptación de la docencia a la modalidad online en la Universidad de Salamanca ante la pandemia de la COVID-19
Creators: name: García-Peñalvo, F. J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Docencia online; Transformación digital; COVID-19

description: Participación en las Jornadas Docentes USM: Nuevos tiempos exigen Modelos Docentes Innovadores, celebradas en la Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María (Valparaíso, Chile) el 26 de agosto de 2020.
Shear thinning and thickening in spherical nanoparticle dispersions
Creators: name: Küçüksönmez, Ekin
name: Servantie, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a molecular dynamics study of the flow of rigid spherical nanoparticles in a simple fluid. We evaluate the viscosity of the dispersion as a function of shear rate and nanoparticle volume fraction. We observe shear thinning behavior at low volume fractions, as the shear rate increases, the shear forces overcome the brownian forces, resulting in more frequent and more violent collisions between the nanoparticles. This in turn results in more dissipation. We show that in order to be in the shear thinning regime the nanoparticle have to order themselves into layers longitudinal to the flow to minimize the collisions. As the nanoparticle volume fraction increases there is less room to form the ordered layers, consequently as the shear rate increases the nanoparticles collide more which results in turn in shear thickening. Most interestingly, we show that at intermediate volume fractions the system exhibits metastability, with successions of ordered and disordered states along the same trajectory. Our results suggest that for nanoparticles in a simple fluid the hydro-clustering phenomenon is not present, instead the order-disorder transition is the leading mechanism for the transition from shear thinning to shear thickening.
description: Submitted to Phys Rev E
title: Anatomical Structures; Cell Types and Biomarkers (ASCT+B) Tables to 3D Reference Object Library Mapping v1.1
Creators: name: Quardokus, Ellen M.
name: Browne, Kristen
name: Bueckle, Andreas
name: Herr II, Bruce W.
name: Börner, Katy
Publisher: name: HuBMAP
Year: 2021

description: This lookup table maps Anatomical Structures; Cell Types and Biomarkers (ASCT+B) Table terms to anatomical structure terms used in the 3D Reference Object Library.
Towards the entropy of gravity time-dependent models via the Cardy-Verlinde formula
Creators: name: Obregon, Octavio
name: Patino, Leonardo
name: Quevedo, Hernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For models with several time-dependent components generalized entropies can be defined. This is shown for the Bianchi type IX model. We first derive the Cardy-Verlinde formula under the assumption that the first law of thermodynamics is valid. This leads to an explicit expression of the total entropy associated with this type of universes. Assuming the validity of the Cardy entropy formula, we obtain expressions for the corresponding Bekenstein, Bekenstein-Hawking and Hubble entropies. We discuss the validity of the Cardy-Verlinde formula and possible extensions of the outlined procedure to other time-dependent models.
description: 13 pages
N-fold Supersymmetry in Quantum Systems with Position-dependent Mass
Creators: name: Tanaka, Toshiaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate the framework of N-fold supersymmetry in one-body quantum mechanical systems with position-dependent mass (PDM). We show that some of the significant properties in the constant-mass case such as the equivalence to weak quasi-solvability also hold in the PDM case. We develop a systematic algorithm for constructing an N-fold supersymmetric PDM system. We apply it to obtain type A N-fold supersymmetry in the case of PDM, which is characterized by the so-called type A monomial space. The complete classification and general form of effective potentials for type A N-fold supersymmetry in the PDM case are given.
description: 18 pages, no figures; Refs. updated, typos corrected
Toward Universal and Interpretable World Models for Open-ended Learning Agents
Creators: name: Da Costa, Lancelot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We introduce a generic, compositional and interpretable class of generative world models that supports open-ended learning agents. This is a sparse class of Bayesian networks capable of approximating a broad range of stochastic processes, which provide agents with the ability to learn world models in a manner that may be both interpretable and computationally scalable. This approach integrating Bayesian structure learning and intrinsically motivated (model-based) planning enables agents to actively develop and refine their world models, which may lead to developmental learning and more robust, adaptive behavior.
description: 4 pages including appendix, 6 including appendix and references; 2 figures
Superconductivity without insulating states in twisted bilayer graphene stabilized by monolayer WSe$_2$
Creators: name: Arora, Harpreet Singh
name: Polski, Robert
name: Zhang, Yiran
name: Thomson, Alex
name: Choi, Youngjoon
name: Kim, Hyunjin
name: Lin, Zhong
name: Wilson, Ilham Zaky
name: Xu, Xiaodong
name: Chu, Jiun-Haw
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Alicea, Jason
name: Nadj-Perge, Stevan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene (TBG), with rotational misalignment close to 1.1$^\circ$, features isolated flat electronic bands that host a rich phase diagram of correlated insulating, superconducting, ferromagnetic, and topological phases. The origins of the correlated insulators and superconductivity, and the interplay between them, are particularly elusive. Both states have been previously observed only for angles within $\pm0.1^\circ$ from the magic-angle value and occur in adjacent or overlapping electron density ranges; nevertheless, it is still unclear how the two states are related. Beyond the twist angle and strain, the dependence of the TBG phase diagram on the alignment and thickness of insulating hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) used to encapsulate the graphene sheets indicates the importance of the microscopic dielectric environment. Here we show that adding an insulating tungsten-diselenide (WSe$_2$) monolayer between hBN and TBG stabilizes superconductivity at twist angles much smaller than the established magic-angle value. For the smallest angle of $θ$ = 0.79$^\circ$, we still observe clear superconducting signatures, despite the complete absence of the correlated insulating states and vanishing gaps between the dispersive and flat bands. These observations demonstrate that, even though electron correlations may be important, superconductivity in TBG can exist even when TBG exhibits metallic behaviour across the whole range of electron density. Finite-magnetic-field measurements further reveal breaking of the four-fold spin-valley symmetry in the system, consistent with large spin-orbit coupling induced in TBG via proximity to WSe$_2$. Our results highlight the importance of symmetry breaking effects in stabilizing electronic states in TBG and open new avenues for engineering quantum phases in moiré systems.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures; main text;
Additional file 2 of Urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 associated with calcium oxalate crystallization in patients with primary hyperoxaluria
Creators: name: Xiangling Wang
name: Bhutani, Gauri
name: Vaughan, Lisa E.
name: Enders, Felicity T.
name: Zejfa Haskic
name: Milliner, Dawn
name: Lieske, John C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2 : Supplemental Table 2. Association of urine markers with eGFR among n = 30 PH patients, after removing those with serum creatinine values obtained more than 1 week away from the corresponding urine biobank specimen. P-values in bold denote significance at the 0.05 level. Models were fit using the GEE procedure with the normal distribution, identity link and exchangeable correlation specifications, unless noted otherwise. Models were adjusted for age and sex. ‡Log transformations were taken for all urine biomarkers as well as Uox, PTOx, Calcium/Cr and Citrate/Cr Units of measure are Clusterin: ng/ml and μg/g Cr; NGAL: ng/ml and ng/g Cr; 8 IP: pg/ml and ng/g Cr; MCP1: pg/ml and pg/g Cr; L-FABP: ng/ml and μg/g Cr; OPN: ng/ml and μg/g Cr; H-FABP: pg/ml and ng/g Cr.
PointNetKL: Deep Inference for GICP Covariance Estimation in Bathymetric SLAM
Creators: name: Torroba, Ignacio
name: Sprague, Christopher Iliffe
name: Bore, Nils
name: Folkesson, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Registration methods for point clouds have become a key component of many SLAM systems on autonomous vehicles. However, an accurate estimate of the uncertainty of such registration is a key requirement to a consistent fusion of this kind of measurements in a SLAM filter. This estimate, which is normally given as a covariance in the transformation computed between point cloud reference frames, has been modelled following different approaches, among which the most accurate is considered to be the Monte Carlo method. However, a Monte Carlo approximation is cumbersome to use inside a time-critical application such as online SLAM. Efforts have been made to estimate this covariance via machine learning using carefully designed features to abstract the raw point clouds. However, the performance of this approach is sensitive to the features chosen. We argue that it is possible to learn the features along with the covariance by working with the raw data and thus we propose a new approach based on PointNet. In this work, we train this network using the KL divergence between the learned uncertainty distribution and one computed by the Monte Carlo method as the loss. We test the performance of the general model presented applying it to our target use-case of SLAM with an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) restricted to the 2-dimensional registration of 3D bathymetric point clouds.
description: Submitted for publication in IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RA-L)
Ultrafast Dynamics for Electron Photodetachment from Aqueous Hydroxide
Creators: name: Crowell, Robert A.
name: Lian, Rui
name: Shkrob, Ilya A.
name: Bartels, David M.
name: Chen, Xiyi
name: Bradforth, Stephen E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge-transfer-to-solvent (CTTS) reactions of hydroxide induced by 200 nm monophotonic or 337 nm and 389 nm biphotonic excitation of this anion in aqueous solution have been studied by means of pump-probe ultrafast laser spectroscopy. Transient absorption kinetics of the hydrated electron, eaq-, have been observed, from a few hundred femtoseconds out to 600 ps, and studied as function of hydroxide concentration and temperature. The geminate decay kinetics are bimodal, with a fast exponential component (ca. 13 ps) and a slower power "tail" due to the diffusional escape of the electrons. For the biphotonic excitation, the extrapolated fraction of escaped electrons is 1.8 times higher than for the monophotonic 200 nm excitation (31% vs. 17.5% at 25 oC, respectively), due to the broadening of the electron distribution. The biphotonic electron detachment is very inefficient; the corresponding absorption coefficient at 400 nm is < 4 cm TW-1 M-1 (assuming unity quantum efficiency for the photodetachment). For [OH-] between 10 mM and 10 M, almost no concentration dependence of the time profiles of solvated electron kinetics was observed. At higher temperature, the escape fraction of the electrons increases with a slope of 3x10-3 K-1 and the recombination and diffusion-controlled dissociation of the close pairs become faster. Activation energies of 8.3 and 22.3 kJ/mol for these two processes were obtained. The semianalytical theory of Shushin for diffusion controlled reactions in the central force field was used to model the geminate dynamics. The implications of these results for photoionization of water are discussed.
description: 44 pages, 9 figures; supplement: 4 pages, 7 figures; to be submitted to J. Chem. Phys
Hysteretic memory effects in disordered magnets
Creators: name: Katzgraber, Helmut G.
name: Zimanyi, Gergely T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the return point as well as the complementary point memory effects numerically with paradigmatic models for random magnets and show that already simple systems with Ising spin symmetry can reproduce the experimental results of Pierce et al. where both memory effects become more pronounced for increasing disorder and return point memory is always better than complementary point memory.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Microscopic model of the doping dependence of line widths in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Carbone, Matthew R.
name: Mayers, Matthew Z.
name: Reichman, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fully microscopic model of the doping-dependent exciton and trion line widths in the absorption spectra of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides in the low temperature and low doping regime is explored. The approach is based on perturbation theory and avoids the use of phenomenological parameters. In the low-doping regime, we find that the trion line width is relatively insensitive to doping levels while the exciton line width increases monotonically with doping. On the other hand, we argue that the trion line width shows a somewhat stronger temperature dependence. The magnitudes of the line widths are likely to be masked by phonon scattering for $T \geq 20$ K in encapsulated samples in the low doping regime. We discuss the breakdown of perturbation theory, which should occur at relatively low doping levels and low temperatures. Our work also paves the way towards understanding a variety of related scattering processes, including impact ionization and Auger scattering in clean 2D samples.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, submitted to JCP special issue on Two-Dimensional Materials
Coexistence of cluster structure and superdeformation in $^{44}$Ti studied with deformed-basis antisymmetrized molecular dynamics
Creators: name: Kimura, Masaaki
name: Horiuchi, Hisashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nucleus $^{44}$Ti has low-lying levels of various kinds of mutually very different nuclear structure displaying the richness of the nuclear many-body dynamics. It is shown that the deformed-basis antisymmetrized molecular dynamics by the use of the Gogny D1S force reproduces successfully and unifiedly two types of coexistence phenomena in $^{44}$Ti. Namely, on one hand, the coexistence of the mean field structure and the cluster structure is confirmed by verifying the normally deformed structure of the $K^π$=$3^-_1$ band with a 1-particle-jump intrinsic configuration and the $α+ ^{40}$Ca cluster structure of the $K^π$=$0^-_2$ band. The mixed character of the mean-field-like structure and the $α+ ^{40}$Ca cluster structure of the ground band is also shown. On the other hand, the coexistence of the normal deformed mean field and the superdeformed mean field is confirmed by verifying the triaxial superdeformation of the $K^π$=$0_2^+$ band and the $K^π$=$2^+_1$ band which has a 4-particle-jump intrinsic configuration. Good reproduction of the experimental data is shown for many kinds of quantities including the energy spectra, electric transition rates, alpha spectroscopic factors. Preliminary discussions are given on the existence of hyperdeformed excited states, the relation between superdeformation and clustering and so on.
description: 27pages, 7 figures
Quantum teleportation with hybrid entangled resources prepared from heralded quantum states
Creators: name: Dominguez-Serna, Francisco A
name: Rojas, Fernando
name: Garay-Palmett, Karina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we propose the generation of a hybrid entangled resource (HER) and its further application in a quantum teleportation scheme from an experimentally feasible point of view. The source for HER preparation is based on the four wave mixing process in a photonic crystal fiber, from which one party of its output bipartite state is used to herald a single photon or a single photon added coherent state. From the heralded state and linear optics the HER is created. In the proposed teleportation protocol Bob uses the HER to teleport qubits with different spectral properties. Bob makes a Bell measurement in the single photon basis and characterizes the scheme with its average quantum teleportation fidelity. Fidelities close to one are expected for qubits in a wide spectral range. The work also includes a discussion about the fidelity dependence on the geometrical properties of the medium through which the HER is generated. An important remark is that no spectral filtering is employed in the heralding process, which emphasizes the feasibility of this scheme without compromising photon flux.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 associated with calcium oxalate crystallization in patients with primary hyperoxaluria
Creators: name: Xiangling Wang
name: Bhutani, Gauri
name: Vaughan, Lisa E.
name: Enders, Felicity T.
name: Zejfa Haskic
name: Milliner, Dawn
name: Lieske, John C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1 : Supplemental Table 1 Association of urine markers with 24 urine oxalate excretion (Uox), CaOx supersaturation (CaOx SS), proximal tubular oxalate concentration (PTOx), urine calcium/Cr, and urine citrate/Cr, among n = 30 PH patients, after removing those with urine laboratory values obtained more than 1 week away from the corresponding urine biobank specimen. P-values in bold denote significance at the 0.05 level. Models were fit using the GEE procedure with the normal distribution, identity link and exchangeable correlation specifications, unless noted otherwise. Models were adjusted for age, sex and eGFR. @ Only the urine concentrations unadjusted for creatinine were used since these variables are also adjusted for creatinine. ‡Log transformations were taken for all urine biomarkers as well as Uox, PTOx, Calcium/Cr and Citrate/Cr. Units of measure are Clusterin: ng/ml and μg/g Cr; NGAL: ng/ml and ng/g Cr; 8 IP: pg/ml and ng/g Cr; MCP1: pg/ml and pg/g Cr; L-FABP: ng/ml and μg/g Cr; OPN: ng/ml and μg/g Cr; H-FABP: pg/ml and ng/g Cr.
Measurements of the Singly Ionized Oxygen Auroral Doublet Lines $λλ$7320,7330ÅUsing High Resolution Sky Spectra
Creators: name: Sharpee, Brian D.
name: Slanger, Tom G.
name: Huestis, David L.
name: Cosby, Philip C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The wavelengths of the individual [O II] 2s22p3 2Do(5/2) - 2s22p3 2Po(1/2,3/2) 7320Åand [O II] 2s22p3 2Do(3/2) - 2s22p3 2Po(1/2,3/2) 7330Åauroral doublet component lines have been measured directly in the nightglow for the first time, from high resolution spectra obtained with the HIRES spectrograph on the Keck I telescope at the W.M. Keck Observatory. Specifically, we find 7320Åand 7330Ådoublet splittings of 1.077$\pm$0.003Åand 1.080$\pm$0.003Årespectively, with the former significantly larger than the often quoted and utilized value of 0.8Åfrom Moore (1949, Atomic Energy Levels, Vol 1), and in line with NIST (1.07Å) as well as more recent astrophysical observations of the lines in planetary nebulae including 1.07Åfrom DeRobertis, Osterbrock, & McKee (1985,ApJ,293,459) and 1.09Åfrom Barnett & McKeith (1988,MNRAS,234,241). Our results suggest, however, that adjustments of +0.124Åand +0.131Åshould be made to current NIST wavelengths for the blue and red components of the 7320Ådoublet respectively, while the wavelengths of the 7330Ådoublet components are little changed from current NIST values. The observed intensity ratio of 7320Å/7330Åfrom these measurements agrees with the theoretical value calculated under conditions of thermally populated 2Po levels.
description: 16 pages, 4 tables, 1 figure, accepted by ApJ
Discrete embedded modes in the continuum in 2D lattices
Creators: name: Molina, Mario I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the problem of constructing bulk and surface embedded modes (EMs) inside the quasi-continuum band of a square lattice, using a potential engineering approach à la Wigner and von Neumann. Building on previous results for the one-dimensional (1D) lattice, and making use of separability, we produce examples of two-dimensional envelope functions and the two-dimensional (2D) potentials that produce them. The 2D embedded mode decays like a stretched exponential, with a supporting potential that decays as a power law. The separability process can cause that a 1D impurity state (outside the 1D band) can give rise to a 2D embedded mode (inside the band). The embedded mode survives the addition of random perturbations of the potential; however, this process introduces other localized modes inside the band, and causes a general tendency towards localization of the perturbed modes.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of An optimised dosing regimen versus a standard dosing regimen of vancomycin for the treatment of late onset sepsis due to Gram-positive microorganisms in neonates and infants aged less than 90 days (NeoVanc): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Hill, Louise F.
name: Turner, Mark A.
name: Lutsar, Irja
name: Heath, Paul T.
name: Pollyanna Hardy
name: Linsell, Louise
name: Jacqz-Aigrain, Evelyne
name: Roilides, Emmanuel
name: Sharland, Mike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist.
Negative Energy Density in Calabi-Yau Compactifications
Creators: name: Hertog, Thomas
name: Horowitz, Gary T.
name: Maeda, Kengo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a large class of supersymmetric compactifications, including all simply connected Calabi-Yau and G_2 manifolds, have classical configurations with negative energy density as seen from four dimensions. In fact, the energy density can be arbitrarily negative -- it is unbounded from below. Nevertheless, positive energy theorems show that the total ADM energy remains positive. Physical consequences of the negative energy density include new thermal instabilities, and possible violations of cosmic censorship.
description: 25 pages, v2: few clarifying comments and reference added
Multiple Dirac Nodes and Symmetry Protected Dirac Nodal Line in Orthorhombic $α$-RhSi
Creators: name: Mozaffari, Shirin
name: Aryal, Niraj
name: Schönemann, Rico
name: Chen, Kuan-Wen
name: Zheng, Wenkai
name: McCandless, Gregory T.
name: Chan, Julia Y.
name: Manousakis, Efstratios
name: Balicas, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Owing to their chiral cubic structure, exotic multifold topological excitations have been predicted and recently observed in transition metal silicides like $β$-RhSi. Herein, we report that the topological character of RhSi is also observed in its orthorhombic $α$-phase which displays multiple types of Dirac nodes very close to the Fermi level ($\varepsilon_F$) with the near absence of topologically trivial carriers. We discuss the symmetry analysis, band connectivity along high-symmetry lines using group representations, the band structure, and the nature of the Dirac points and nodal lines occurring near $\varepsilon_F$. The de Haas-van Alphen effect (dHvA) indicates a Fermi surface in agreement with the calculations. We find an elliptically-shaped nodal line very close to $\varepsilon_F$ around and near the $S$-point on the $k_y-k_z$ plane that results from the intersection of two upside-down Dirac cones. The two Dirac points of the participating Kramers degenerate bands are only 5 meV apart, hence an accessible magnetic field might induce a crossing between the spin-up partner of the upper-Dirac cone and the spin-down partner of the lower Dirac cone, possibly explaining the anomalies observed in the magnetic torque.
title: A Holy Tug of War
title: US Christians Against the Contras (1970-1990)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Brown, Mark Maxwell
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: FOS: History and archaeology
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: After the Sandinista revolution of 1979 ousted the longstanding Somoza dynasty of Nicaragua, the small Central American nation became an obsession of US foreign policy as the Reagan administration committed its efforts to deposing the leftist revolutionary government through the funding and training of the Contras, a counter-revolutionary guerrilla group. With the Cold War at a boiling point, continued control and influence over Central America became a pillar of US anticommunist agenda. Uniquely, many of the most ardent critics of the Reagan administration during this period of violent intervention were Christian missionaries. The Sandinistas were able to defeat the Somoza regime in large part due to the support of Nicaraguan clergy who adhered to a socially conscious current of Catholicism known as Liberation Theology. US missionaries found themselves similarly radicalized by Liberation Theology in a unique instance of ideology moving from South to North, and they chose to make Central America a pivotal point of their political activism as they opposed US intervention in the region. Though this activism faded with the turn of the 1990s, the Christian anti-Contra movement presented a unique challenge to the binaries of Cold War politics on a scale previously unseen.
description: © 2021 Mark Maxwell Brown