cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Understanding Differences in Sexual Violence Perpetration Among College vs. Non-college Men
Creators: name: Patel, Yamini
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2025

description:
Research on sexual violence (SV) perpetration has primarily focused on undergraduate college men, despite only 40% of young adults attending college in the U.S. This study aimed to understand mens SV perpetration over time by tracking a cohort of adolescents through their high school and college-aged years, regardless of college attendance. Data were collected from 347 participants from seven high schools in Houston, Texas. Hierarchical linear modeling was used to examine within- and between-person differences in SV incidence as the primary outcome. SV perpetration showed a positive but attenuating increase over time. Additionally, men who reported college attendance in a given wave were significantly less likely to report SV perpetration. This study is one of the first to directly compares SV perpetration rates over time in men who attend and do not attend college. Findings suggest a need to include non-college attending men in SV perpetration research to improve generalizability. Future research should explore the possibility of latent classes of perpetration.
Thermal spectrum of pseudo-scalar glueballs and Debye screening mass from holography
Creators: name: Braga, Nelson R. F.
name: Ferreira, Luiz F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The finite temperature spectrum of pseudo-scalar glueballs in a plasma is studied using a holographic model. The $ 0^{-+}$ glueball is represented by a pseudo-scalar (axion) field living in a five dimensional geometry that comes from a solution of Einstein equations for gravity coupled with a dilaton scalar field. The spectral function obtained from the model shows a clear peak corresponding to the quasi-particle ground state. Analysing the variation of the position of the peak with temperature, we describe the thermal behavior of the Debye screening mass of the plasma. As a check of consistency, the zero temperature limit of the model is also investigated. The glueball masses obtained are consistent with previous lattice results.
description: Revision in V2: we included more details of the calculations and one reference. 16 pages, 6 figures, one table
Coannihilation without chemical equilibrium
Creators: name: Garny, Mathias
name: Heisig, Jan
name: Lülf, Benedikt
name: Vogl, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chemical equilibrium is a commonly made assumption in the freeze-out calculation of coannihilating dark matter. We explore the possible failure of this assumption and find a new conversion-driven freeze-out mechanism. Considering a representative simplified model inspired by supersymmetry with a neutralino- and sbottom-like particle we find regions in parameter space with very small couplings accommodating the measured relic density. In this region freeze-out takes place out of chemical equilibrium and dark matter self-annihilation is thoroughly inefficient. The relic density is governed primarily by the size of the conversion terms in the Boltzmann equations. Due to the small dark matter coupling the parameter region is immune to direct detection but predicts an interesting signature of disappearing tracks or displaced vertices at the LHC. Unlike freeze-in or superWIMP scenarios, conversion-driven freeze-out is not sensitive to the initial conditions at the end of reheating.
description: 12 pages + references, 10 figures; v2: Discussion of kinetic equilibrium extended, matches published version
Simple characterization of positive linear maps preserving continuity of the von Neumann entropy
Creators: name: Shirokov, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a positive linear map preserves local continuity (convergence) of the entropy if and only if it preserves finiteness of the entropy, i.e. transforms operators with finite entropy to operators with finite entropy. The last property is equivalent to the boundedness of the output entropy of a map on the set of pure states.
description: 8 pages, the second part of v1 is moved to arXiv:2004.03582
Topological transformations of a nematic drop
Creators: name: Koizumi, Runa
name: Golovaty, Dmitry
name: Alqarni, Ali
name: Li, Bing-Xiang
name: Sternberg, Peter J.
name: Lavrentovich, Oleg D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Morphogenesis of living systems involves topological shape transformations which are highly unusual in the inanimate world. Here we demonstrate that a droplet of a nematic liquid crystal changes its equilibrium shape from a simply-connected tactoid, which is topologically equivalent to a sphere, to a torus, which is not simply-connected. The topological shape transformation is caused by the interplay of nematic elastic constants, which facilitates splay and bend of molecular orientations in tactoids but hinders splay in the toroids. The elastic anisotropy mechanism might be helpful in understanding topology transformations in morphogenesis and paves the way to control and transform shapes of droplets of liquid crystals and related soft materials.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures
Investigation of a possible electronic phase separation in the magnetic semiconductors Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_{x}$As and Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_{x}$P by means of fluctuation spectroscopy
Creators: name: Lonsky, Martin
name: Teschabai-Oglu, Jan
name: Pierz, Klaus
name: Sievers, Sibylle
name: Schumacher, Hans Werner
name: Yuan, Ye
name: Böttger, Roman
name: Zhou, Shengqiang
name: Müller, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present systematic temperature-dependent resistance noise measurements on a series of ferromagnetic Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_{x}$As epitaxial thin films covering a large parameter space in terms of the Mn content $x$ and other variations regarding sample fabrication. We infer that the electronic noise is dominated by switching processes related to impurities in the entire temperature range. While metallic compounds with $x>2$ % do not exhibit any significant change in the low-frequency resistance noise around the Curie temperature $T_\mathrm{C}$, we find indications for an electronic phase separation in films with $x<2$ % in the vicinity of $T_\mathrm{C}$, manifesting itself in a maximum in the noise power spectral density. These results are compared with noise measurements on an insulating Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_{x}$P reference sample, for which the evidence for an electronic phase separation is even stronger and a possible percolation of bound magnetic polarons is discussed. Another aspect addressed in this work is the effect of ion-irradiation induced disorder on the electronic properties of Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_{x}$As films and, in particular, whether any electronic inhomogeneities can be observed in this case. Finally, we put our findings into the context of the ongoing debate on the electronic structure and the development of spontaneous magnetization in these materials.
Isotropic Metric in the Theory of General Relativity
Creators: name: Shigemoto, Kazuyasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explain why the isotropic metric is quite appropriate to put the physical meaning of spacial variables in the theory of general relativity. Using the isotropic metric, we conclude that i)g_{00} does not become positive even inside the black hole, ii) there exists the center of the Universe if the curvature of the Universe k \ne 0, iii)the Universe is spacially finite but not colsed for k>0.
description: 11 pages
A May-type spectral sequence for higher topological Hochschild homology
Creators: name: Angelini-Knoll, Gabe
name: Salch, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55P42, 55T05, 19D55

description: Given a filtration of a commutative monoid $A$ in a symmetric monoidal stable model category $\mathcal{C}$, we construct a spectral sequence analogous to the May spectral sequence whose input is the higher order topological Hochschild homology of the associated graded commutative monoid of $A$, and whose output is the higher order topological Hochschild homology of $A$. We then construct examples of such filtrations and derive some consequences: for example, given a connective commutative graded ring $R$, we get an upper bound on the size of the $THH$-groups of $E_{\infty}$-ring spectra $A$ such that $π_*(A) \cong R$.
description: 55 pages. V3. Accepted for publication in AGT. Final mock-up version including minor edits
Axion Detection with Cavity Arrays
Creators: name: Goryachev, Maxim
name: McAllister, Ben T.
name: Tobar, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using eigenmode analysis and full 3D FEM modelling, we demonstrate that a closed cavity built of an array of elementary harmonic oscillators with negative mutual couplings exhibits a dispersion curve with lower order modes corresponding to higher frequencies. Such cavity arrays may help to achieve large mode volumes for boosting sensitivity of the axion searches, where the mode volume for the composed array scales proportional to the number of elements, but the frequency remains constant. The negatively coupled cavity array is demonstrated with magnetically coupling coils, where the sign of next-neighbour coupling (controlled with their chirality) sets the dispersion curve properties of the resonator array medium. Furthermore, we show that similar effects can be achieved using only positively coupled cavities of different frequencies assembled in periodic cells. This principle is demonstrated for the multi-post re-entrant system, which can be realised with an array of straight metallic rods organised in chiral structures.
description: Physics Letters A, 2017
Towards Psychometrics-based Friend Recommendations in Social Networking Services
Creators: name: Beierle, Felix
name: Grunert, Kai
name: Göndör, Sebastian
name: Schlüter, Viktor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.4; H.4.m; J.4

description: Two of the defining elements of Social Networking Services are the social profile, containing information about the user, and the social graph, containing information about the connections between users. Social Networking Services are used to connect to known people as well as to discover new contacts. Current friend recommendation mechanisms typically utilize the social graph. In this paper, we argue that psychometrics, the field of measuring personality traits, can help make meaningful friend recommendations based on an extended social profile containing collected smartphone sensor data. This will support the development of highly distributed Social Networking Services without central knowledge of the social graph.
description: Accepted for publication at the 2017 International Conference on AI & Mobile Services (IEEE AIMS)
Shape of the acoustic gravitational wave power spectrum from a first order phase transition
Creators: name: Hindmarsh, Mark
name: Huber, Stephan J.
name: Rummukainen, Kari
name: Weir, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from large-scale numerical simulations of a first order thermal phase transition in the early universe, in order to explore the shape of the acoustic gravitational wave and the velocity power spectra. We compare the results with the predictions of the recently proposed sound shell model. For the gravitational wave power spectrum, we find that the predicted $k^{-3}$ behaviour, where $k$ is the wavenumber, emerges clearly for detonations. The power spectra from deflagrations show similar features, but exhibit a steeper high-$k$ decay and an extra feature not accounted for in the model. There are two independent length scales: the mean bubble separation and the thickness of the sound shell around the expanding bubble of the low temperature phase. It is the sound shell thickness which sets the position of the peak of the power spectrum. The low wavenumber behaviour of the velocity power spectrum is consistent with a causal $k^{3}$, except for the thinnest sound shell, where it is steeper. We present parameters for a simple broken power law fit to the gravitational wave power spectrum for wall speeds well away from the speed of sound where this form can be usefully applied. We examine the prospects for the detection, showing that a LISA-like mission has the sensitivity to detect a gravitational wave signal from sound waves with an RMS fluid velocity of about $0.05c$, produced from bubbles with a mean separation of about $10^{-2}$ of the Hubble radius. The shape of the gravitational wave power spectrum depends on the bubble wall speed, and it may be possible to estimate the wall speed, and constrain other phase transition parameters, with an accurate measurement of a stochastic gravitational wave background.
description: 16+1 pages, 9+1 figures; v2: added a few paragraphs about the importance of turbulence, published in PRD; v3: added erratum correcting two equations and the SNR plot, methods and conclusions unchanged
On line colorings of finite projective spaces
Creators: name: Araujo-Pardo, Gabriela
name: Kiss, György
name: Rubio-Montiel, Christian
name: Vázquez-Ávila, Adrián
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C15, 05B25

description: In this paper, we prove lower and upper bounds on the achromatic and the pseudoachromatic indices of the $n$-dimensional finite projective space of order $q$.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure
Verlinde's emergent gravity versus MOND and the case of dwarf spheroidals
Creators: name: Diez-Tejedor, Alberto
name: Gonzalez-Morales, Alma X.
name: Niz, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper, Erik Verlinde has developed the interesting possibility that spacetime and gravity may emerge from the entangled structure of an underlying microscopic theory. In this picture, dark matter arises as a response to the standard model of particle physics from the delocalized degrees of freedom that build up the dark energy component of the Universe. Dark matter physics is then regulated by a characteristic acceleration scale $a_0$, identified with the radius of the (quasi)-de Sitter universe we inhabit. For a point particle matter source, or outside an extended spherically symmetric object, MOND's empirical fitting formula is recovered. However, Verlinde's theory critically departs from MOND when considering the inner structure of galaxies, differing by a factor of 2 at the centre of a regular massive body. For illustration, we use the eight classical dwarf spheroidal satellites of the Milky Way. These objects are perfect testbeds for the model given their approximate spherical symmetry, measured kinematics, and identified missing mass. We show that, without the assumption of a maximal deformation, Verlinde's theory can fit the velocity dispersion profile in dwarf spheroidals with no further need of an extra dark particle component. If a maximal deformation is considered, the theory leads to mass-to-light ratios that are marginally larger than expected from stellar population and formation history studies. We also compare our results with the recent phenomenological interpolating MOND function of McGaugh {\it et al}, and find a departure that, for these galaxies, is consistent with the scatter in current observations.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. To appear in MNRAS
Frustration and thermalisation in an artificial magnetic quasicrystal
Creators: name: Shi, Dong
name: Budrikis, Zoe
name: Stein, Aaron
name: Morley, Sophie A.
name: Olmsted, Peter D.
name: Burnell, Gavin
name: Marrows, Christopher H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have created and studied artificial magnetic quasicrystals based on Penrose tiling patterns of interacting nanomagnets that lack the translational symmetry of spatially periodic artificial spin ices. Vertex-level degeneracy and frustration induced by the network topology of the Penrose pattern leads to a low energy configuration that we propose as a ground state. Topologically induced emergent frustration means that this ground state cannot be constructed from vertices in their ground states. It has two parts, a quasi-one-dimensional rigid "skeleton" that spans the entire pattern and is capable of long-range order, and "flippable" clusters of macrospins within it. These lead to macroscopic degeneracy for the array as a whole. Magnetic force microscopy imaging of Penrose tiling arrays revealed superdomains that are larger for more strongly coupled arrays. The superdomain size is larger after AC-demagnetisation and especially after annealing the array above its blocking temperature.
Formatação e normalização (ABNT) do arquivo relativo ao template da Revista Práxis Educacional (ISSN 2178-2679) para 2023.
Creators: name: Nolasco, Marcelo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 360205
subject: Technical writing

description: Arquivo relativo à formatação e normalização (ABNT) para o template da Revista Práxis Educacional (2178-2679) atualizado em maio de 2023.
A Novel Design and Performance Optimization Methodology for Hydraulic Cross-Flow Turbines using Successive Numerical Simulations
Creators: name: Mehr, Goodarz
name: Durali, Mohammad
name: Khakrand, Mohammad Hadi
name: Hoghooghi, Hadi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper introduces a new methodology for designing and optimizing the performance of hydraulic Cross-Flow turbines for a wide range of operating conditions. The methodology is based on a one-step approach for the system-level design phase and a three-step, successive numerical analysis approach for the detail design phase. Compared to current design methodologies, not only does this approach break down the process into well-defined steps and simplify it, but it also has the advantage that once numerical simulations are conducted for a single turbine, most of the results can be used for an entire class of Cross-Flow turbines. In this paper, after a discussion of the research background, we explain the design process used and the ANSYS-based CFD model of the turbine in detail. The design process consists of three steps. First, designing nozzle geometry; second, optimizing runner parameters; and third, enhancing turbine performance by analyzing various load conditions. A turbine designed using this process in a simulation case study achieves a peak hydraulic efficiency of 91% and peak overall efficiency of 82% that is maintained for volume flow rates as low as 14% of the nominal value and water head variations up to 30% of the nominal value.
description: Manuscript accepted for publication in the Renewable Energy journal. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
On the classification of quasi-homogeneous curves
Creators: name: Câmara, Leonardo Meireles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 2000 Math. Subj. Primary: 14H20. Secondary: 14B05, 14J15, 32S05

description: We apply techniques of Holomorphic Foliations in the description of the analytic invariants associated to germs of quasi-homogeneous curves in $(\mathbb{C}^2,0)$. As a consequence we obtain an effective method to determine whether two quasi-homogeneous curves are analytically equivalent.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Probing the Dark Sector with Dark Matter Bound States
Creators: name: An, Haipeng
name: Echenard, Bertrand
name: Pospelov, Maxim
name: Zhang, Yue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model of dark sector where $O({\rm few~GeV})$ mass dark matter particles $χ$ couple to a lighter dark force mediator $V$, $m_V \ll m_χ$, is motivated by the recently discovered mismatch between simulated and observed shapes of galactic haloes. Such models, in general, provide a challenge for direct detection efforts and collider searches. We show that for a large range of coupling constants and masses, the production and decay of the bound states of $χ$, such as $0^{-+}$ and $1^{--}$ states, $η_D$ and $ Υ_D$, is an important search channel. We show that $e^+e^-\to η_D +V$ or $Υ_D +γ$ production at $B$-factories for $α_D > 0.1$ is sufficiently strong to result in multiple pairs of charged leptons and pions via $η_D\to 2V \to 2(l^+l^-)$ and $Υ_D\to 3V \to 3(l^+l^-)$ $(l=e,μ,π)$. The absence of such final states in the existing searches performed at \babar\ and Belle sets new constraints on the parameter space of the model. We also show that a search for multiple bremsstrahlung of dark force mediators, $e^+e^-\to χ\barχ+nV$, resulting in missing energy and multiple leptons, will further improve the sensitivity to self-interacting dark matter.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. v3: Corrected an overall factor of (1/3) in the decay rate Eq.(8) that was missed in the previous version. It does not affect the validity of any results because we consider prompt decays of dark matter bound states
Roughness scattering induced insulator-metal-insulator transition in a quantum wire
Creators: name: Fu, Han
name: Sammon, M.
name: Shklovskii, B. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have theoretically investigated the influence of interface roughness scattering on the low temperature mobility of electrons in quantum wires when electrons fill one or many subbands. We find the Drude conductance of the wire with length $\mathcal{L}$ first increases with increasing linear concentration of electrons $η$ and then decreases at larger concentrations. For small radius $R$ of the wire with length $\mathcal{L}$ the peak of the conductance $G_{max}$ is below $e^2/h$ so that electrons are localized. The height of this peak grows as a large power of $R$, so that at large $R$ the conductance $G_{max}$ exceeds $e^2/h$ and a window of concentrations with delocalized states (which we call the metallic window) opens around the peak. Thus, we predict an insulator-metal-insulator transition with increasing concentration for large enough $R$. Furthermore, we show that the metallic domain can be sub-divided into three smaller domains: 1) single-subband ballistic conductor, 2) many-subband ballistic conductor 3) diffusive metal, and use our results to estimate the conductance in these domains. Finally we estimate the critical value of $R_c(\mathcal{L})$ at which the metallic window opens for a given length $\mathcal{L}$ and find it to be in reasonable agreement with experiment.
Nested Hilbert schemes on surfaces: Virtual fundamental class
Creators: name: Gholampour, Amin
name: Sheshmani, Artan
name: Yau, Shing-Tung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct virtual fundamental classes on nested Hilbert schemes of points and curves in complex nonsingular projective surfaces. These classes recover the virtual classes of Seiberg-Witten theory as well as the (reduced) stable theory, and play a crucial role in the reduced Donaldson-Thomas theory of local-surface-threefolds that we study in [GSY17b] (arXiv:1807.05697). We show that certain integrals against the virtual fundamental classes of punctual nested Hilbert schemes are expressed as integrals over the products of the Hilbert scheme of points. We are able to find explicit formulas for some of these integrals by relating them to Carlsson-Okounkov's vertex operator formulas.
description: 46 pages. Some corrections made, and some more detail and references added
Observation of quantum phase transition in spin-orbital-angular-momentum coupled Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Zhang, Dongfang
name: Gao, Tianyou
name: Zou, Peng
name: Kong, Lingran
name: Li, Ruizong
name: Shen, Xing
name: Chen, Xiao-Long
name: Peng, Shi-Guo
name: Zhan, Mingsheng
name: Pu, Han
name: Jiang, Kaijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light represents a fundamental optical freedom that can be exploited to manipulate quantum state of atoms. In particular, it can be used to realize spin-orbital-angular-momentum (SOAM) coupling in cold atoms by inducing an atomic Raman transition using two laser beams with differing OAM. Rich quantum phases are predicted to exist in many-body systems with SOAM coupling. Their observations in laboratory, however, are often hampered by the limited control of the system parameters. In this work we report, for the first time, the experimental observation of the ground-state quantum phase diagram of the SOAM coupled Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). The discontinuous variation of the spin polarization as well as the vorticity of the atomic wave function across the phase boundaries provides clear evidence of first-order phase transitions. Our results open up a new way to the study of phase transitions and exotic quantum phases in quantum gases.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, correction for the numbers of some references in the main text
Topological Superconductivity in a Phase-Controlled Josephson Junction
Creators: name: Ren, Hechen
name: Pientka, Falko
name: Hart, Sean
name: Pierce, Andrew
name: Kosowsky, Michael
name: Lunczer, Lukas
name: Schlereth, Raimund
name: Scharf, Benedikt
name: Hankiewicz, Ewelina M.
name: Molenkamp, Laurens W.
name: Halperin, Bertrand I.
name: Yacoby, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological superconductors can support localized Majorana states at their boundaries. These quasi-particle excitations have non-Abelian statistics that can be used to encode and manipulate quantum information in a topologically protected manner. While signatures of Majorana bound states have been observed in one-dimensional systems, there is an ongoing effort to find alternative platforms that do not require fine-tuning of parameters and can be easily scalable to large numbers of states. Here we present a novel experimental approach towards a two-dimensional architecture. Using a Josephson junction made of HgTe quantum well coupled to thin-film aluminum, we are able to tune between a trivial and a topological superconducting state by controlling the phase difference $ϕ$ across the junction and applying an in-plane magnetic field. We determine the topological state of the induced superconductor by measuring the tunneling conductance at the edge of the junction. At low magnetic fields, we observe a minimum in the tunneling spectra near zero bias, consistent with a trivial superconductor. However, as the magnetic field increases, the tunneling conductance develops a zero-bias peak which persists over a range of $ϕ$ that expands systematically with increasing magnetic fields. Our observations are consistent with theoretical predictions for this system and with full quantum mechanical numerical simulations performed on model systems with similar dimensions and parameters. Our work establishes this system as a promising platform for realizing topological superconductivity and for creating and manipulating Majorana modes and will therefore open new avenues for probing topological superconducting phases in two-dimensional systems.
description: Supplementary contains resized figures. Original files are available upon request
Towards a consensus on rheological models for shear waves in soft tissues
Creators: name: Parker, Kevin J.
name: Szabo, Thomas
name: Holm, Sverre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A rising wave of technologies and instruments are enabling more labs and clinics to make a variety of measurements related to tissue viscoelastic properties. These instruments include elastography imaging scanners, rheological shear viscometers, and a variety of calibrated stress-strain analyzers. From these many sources of disparate data, a common step in analyzing results is to fit the measurements of tissue response to some viscoelastic model. In the best scenario, this places the measurements within a theoretical framework and enables meaningful comparisons of the parameters against other types of tissues. However, there is a large set of established rheological models, even within the class of linear, causal, viscoelastic solid models, so which of these should be chosen? Is it simply a matter of best fit to a minimum mean squared error of the model to several data points? We argue that the long history of biomechanics, including the concept of the extended relaxation spectrum, along with data collected from viscoelastic soft tissues over an extended range of times and frequencies, and the theoretical framework of multiple relaxation models which model the multi-scale nature of physical tissues, all lead to the conclusion that fractional derivative models represent the most succinct and meaningful models of soft tissue viscoelastic behavior. These arguments are presented with the goal of clarifying some distinctions between, and consequences of, some of the most commonly used models, and with the longer term goal of reaching a consensus among different sub-fields in acoustics, biomechanics, and elastography that have common interests in comparing tissue measurements.
description: 39 pages, 11 figures
Discrete Army Ant Search Optimizer-Based Target Coverage Enhancement in Directional Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Yao, Yindi
name: Wen, Qin
name: Cui, Yanpeng
name: Zhao, Bozhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Coverage of interest points is one of the most critical issues in directional sensor networks. However, considering the remote or inhospitable environment and the limitation of the perspective of directional sensors, it is easy to form perception blind after random deployment. The intension of our research is to deal with the bound-constrained optimization problem of maximizing the coverage of target points. A coverage enhancement strategy based on a discrete army ant search optimizer (DAASO) is proposed to solve the above problem, which is inspired by the biological habits of army ants. A set of experiments are conducted using different sensor parameters. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the DAASO in coverage effect when compared to the existing methods.
description: 4 pages, 4 figure, 2 tables
Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol Based on Multi-Threshold Segmentation in Wireless Sensors Networks for Precision Agriculture
Creators: name: Yao, Yindi
name: Li, Xiong
name: Cui, Yanpeng
name: Wang, Jiajun
name: Wang, Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Wireless sensor networks (WSNs), one of the fundamental technologies of the Internet of Things (IoT), can provide sensing and communication services efficiently for IoT-based applications, especially energy-limited applications. Clustering routing protocol plays an important role in reducing energy consumption and prolonging network lifetime. The cluster formation and cluster head selection are the key to improving the performance of the clustering routing protocol. An energy-efficient routing protocol based on multi-threshold segmentation (EERPMS) was proposed in this paper to improve the rationality of cluster formation and cluster head selection. In the stage of cluster formation, inspired by multi-threshold image segmentation, an innovative node clustering algorithm was developed. In the stage of cluster head selection, aiming at minimizing the network energy consumption, a calculation theory of the optimal number and location of cluster heads was established. Furthermore, a novel cluster head selection algorithm was constructed based on the residual energy and optimal location of cluster heads. Simulation results show that EERPMS can improve the distribution uniformity of cluster heads, prolong the network lifetime and save up to 64.50%, 58.60%, and 56.15% network energy as compared to RLEACH, CRPFCM, and FIGWO protocols respectively.
description: 16 pages, 24 figure, 4 tables
Game Theory and Coverage Optimization Based Multihop Routing Protocol for Network Lifetime in Wireless Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Yao, Yindi
name: Li, Xiong
name: Cui, Yanpeng
name: Deng, Lang
name: Wang, Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are self-organizing monitoring networks with a large number of randomly deployed microsensor nodes to collect various physical information to realize tasks such as intelligent perception, efficient control, and decision-making. However, WSN nodes are powered by batteries, so they will run out of energy after a certain time. This energy limitation will greatly constrain the network performance like network lifetime and energy efficiency. In this study, to prolong the network lifetime, we proposed a multi-hop routing protocol based on game theory and coverage optimization (MRP-GTCO). Briefly, in the stage of setup, two innovational strategies including a clustering game with penalty function and cluster head coverage set were designed to realize the uniformity of cluster head distribution and improve the rationality of cluster head election. In the data transmission stage, we first derived the applicable conditions theorem of inter-cluster multi-hop routing. Based on this, a novel multi-hop path selection algorithm related to residual energy and node degree was proposed to provide an energy-efficient data transmission path. The simulation results showed that the MRP-GTCO protocol can effectively reduce the network energy consumption and extend the network lifetime by 159.22%, 50.76%, and 16.46% compared with LGCA, RLEACH, and ECAGT protocols.
description: 14 pages, 13 figure, 3 tables
On the moduli space of quasi-homogeneous functions
Creators: name: Câmara, Leonardo Meireles
name: Ruas, Maria Aparecida Soares
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32S05 (Primary) 14J17 (Secondary)

description: We relate the moduli space of analytic equivalent germs of reduced quasi-homogeneous functions at $(\mathbb{C}^2,0)$ with their bi-Lipschitz equivalence classes. We show that any non-degenerate continuous family of (reduced) quasi-homogeneous functions with constant Henry-Parusiński invariant is analytically trivial. Further we show that there are only a finite number of distinct bi-Lipschitz classes among quasi-homogeneous functions with the same Henry-Parusiński invariant providing a maximum quota for this number.
Coverage Enhancement Strategy in WMSNs Based on a Novel Swarm Intelligence Algorithm: Army Ant Search Optimizer
Creators: name: Yao, Yindi
name: Wen, Qin
name: Cui, Yanpeng
name: Zhao, Feng
name: Zhao, Bozhan
name: Zeng, Yaoping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: As one of the most crucial scenarios of the Internet of Things (IoT), wireless multimedia sensor networks (WMSNs) pay more attention to the information-intensive data (e.g., audio, video, image) for remote environments. The area coverage reflects the perception of WMSNs to the surrounding environment, where a good coverage effect can ensure effective data collection. Given the harsh and complex physical environment of WMSNs, which easily form the sensing overlapping regions and coverage holes by random deployment. The intention of our research is to deal with the optimization problem of maximizing the coverage rate in WMSNs. By proving the NP-hard of the coverage enhancement of WMSNs, inspired by the predation behavior of army ants, this article proposes a novel swarm intelligence (SI) technology army ant search optimizer (AASO) to solve the above problem, which is implemented by five operators: army ant and prey initialization, recruited by prey, attack prey, update prey, and build ant bridge. The simulation results demonstrate that the optimizer shows good performance in terms of exploration and exploitation on benchmark suites when compared to other representative SI algorithms. More importantly, coverage enhancement AASO-based in WMSNs has better merits in terms of coverage effect when compared to existing approaches.
description: 13 page, 12 figure, 8 tables
On an Induced Distribution and its Statistical Properties
Creators: name: Singh, Brijesh P.
name: Das, Utpal Dhar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62Exx

description: In this study an attempt has been made to propose a way to develop new distribution. For this purpose, we need only idea about distribution function. Some important statistical properties of the new distribution like moments, cumulants, hazard and survival function has been derived. The renyi entropy, shannon entropy has been obtained. Also ML estimate of parameter of the distribution is obtained, that is not closed form. Therefore, numerical technique is used to estimate the parameter. Some real data sets are used to check the suitability of this distribution over some other existing distributions such as Lindley, Garima, Shanker and many more. AIC, BIC, -2loglikihood, K-S test suggest the proposed distribution works better than others distributions considered in this study.
description: 14 pages, 1 table and 4 figures
title: The Guaranteed Minimum Price and Price Stabilization in the Wheat Market
Creators: name: Soullier, Therese L.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 1990

description: The government of the United States offers a guaranteed minimum price per bushel to farmers in return for a reduction in acreage planted. Through this program, the government attempts to control the supply of wheat and stabilize the price of wheat. There is growing debate in the United States as to the effectiveness and prudence of the current program.

This thesis will examine the effectiveness of the guaranteed minimum price program, using the two-stage least squares procedure to examine a demand and supply model. The study will look at the relative stability of the price of wheat and how and to what degree the guaranteed minimum price affects the supply and price of wheat. It is expected that the analysis will demonstrate that the guaranteed minimum price program is ineffective in providing a stable market price and should be reexamined.
Universal horizons and Hawking radiation in nonprojectable 2d Hořava gravity coupled with a non-relativistic scalar field
Creators: name: Li, Bao-Fei
name: Bhattacharjee, Madhurima
name: Wang, Anzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the non-projectable 2d Hořava gravity coupled with a non-relativistic scalar field, where the coupling is in general non-minimal and of the form $f(ϕ)R$, where $f(ϕ)$ is an arbitrary function of the scalar field $ϕ$, and $R$ denotes the 2d Ricci scalar. In particular, we first investigate the Hamiltonian structure, and show that there are two-first and two-second class constraints, similar to the pure gravity case, but now the local degree of freedom is one, due to the presence of the scalar field. Then, we present various exact stationary solutions of this coupled system, and find that some of them represent black holes but now with universal horizons as their boundaries. At these horizons, the Hawking radiations are thermal with temperatures proportional to their surface gravities, which normally depend on the non-linear dispersion relations of the particles radiated, similar to the (3+1)-dimensional case.
description: Revtex4, one figure. Typos are corrected. Phys. Rev. D96 (2017) 084006. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1701.06087
Induced Distribution and its Statistical Properties
Creators: name: P. Singh, Brijesh
name: Dhar Das, Utpal
Publisher: name: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Year: 2023

description: In this study an attempt has been made to propose a way to develop new distribution. For this purpose, we need only idea about distribution function. Some important statistical properties of the new distribution like moments, cumulants, hazard and survival function has been derived. The R´enyi entropy, Shannon entropy has been obtained. Also ML estimate of parameter of the distribution is obtained, that is not closed form. Therefore, numerical technique is used to estimate the parameter. Some real data sets are used to check the suitability of the proposed distribution over some other existing one parameter lifetime distributions. The various diagnostic tools such as -2LL, AIC, BIC and K-S test shows that the proposed distribution provides better fit than other distributions for the considered data sets.
description: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal, Vol. 21 No. 3 (2023): REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Prompt neutrinos from atmospheric charm in the general-mass variable-flavor-number scheme
Creators: name: Benzke, M.
name: Garzelli, M. V.
name: Kniehl, B. A.
name: Kramer, G.
name: Moch, S.
name: Sigl, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present predictions for the prompt-neutrino flux arising from the decay of charmed mesons and baryons produced by the interactions of high-energy cosmic rays in the Earth's atmosphere, making use of a QCD approach on the basis of the general-mass variable-flavor-number scheme for the description of charm hadroproduction at NLO, complemented by a consistent set of fragmentation functions. We compare the theoretical results to those already obtained by our and other groups with different theoretical approaches. We provide comparisons with the experimental results obtained by the IceCube Collaboration in two different analyses and we discuss the implications for parton distribution functions.
description: 43 pages, 21 figures, updated version, to be published in JHEP
Elaboração de modelo para formatação e normalização (ABNT) do arquivo relativo ao template da Revista Práxis Educacional (ISSN 2178-2679) para 2024, da Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (UESB).
Creators: name: Nolasco, Marcelo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 360205
subject: Technical writing

description: Arquivo relativo à formatação e normalização (ABNT) para o template da Revista Práxis Educacional (2178-2679) atualizado em janeiro de 2024.
A General Class of New Continuous Mixture Distribution and Application
Creators: name: Singh, Brijesh P.
name: Singh, Sandeep
name: Das, Utpal Dhar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62Exx

description: A generalization of a distribution increases the flexibility particularly in studying of a phenomenon and its properties. Many generalizations of continuous univariate distributions are available in literature. In this study, an investigation is conducted on a distribution and its generalization. Several available generalizations of the distribution are reviewed and recent trends in the construction of generalized classes with a generalized mixing parameter are discussed. To check the suitability and comparability, real data set have been used.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures and 2 tables
A Multilinear Tongue Model Derived from Speech Related MRI Data of the Human Vocal Tract
Creators: name: Hewer, Alexander
name: Wuhrer, Stefanie
name: Steiner, Ingmar
name: Richmond, Korin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a multilinear statistical model of the human tongue that captures anatomical and tongue pose related shape variations separately. The model is derived from 3D magnetic resonance imaging data of 11 speakers sustaining speech related vocal tract configurations. The extraction is performed by using a minimally supervised method that uses as basis an image segmentation approach and a template fitting technique. Furthermore, it uses image denoising to deal with possibly corrupt data, palate surface information reconstruction to handle palatal tongue contacts, and a bootstrap strategy to refine the obtained shapes. Our evaluation concludes that limiting the degrees of freedom for the anatomical and speech related variations to 5 and 4, respectively, produces a model that can reliably register unknown data while avoiding overfitting effects. Furthermore, we show that it can be used to generate a plausible tongue animation by tracking sparse motion capture data.