cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Masses Of The B-Stars In The High Galactic Latitude Eclipsing Binary IT Lib
Creators: name: Martin, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of blue stars which appear to be similar to Population I B-stars in the star forming regions of the galactic disk are found more than 1 kpc from the galactic plane. Uncertainties about the true distances and masses of these high latitude B-stars has fueled a debate as to their origin and evolutionary status. The eclipsing binary IT Lib is composed of two B-stars, is approximately one kiloparsec above the galactic plane, and is moving back toward the plane. Observations of the light and velocity curves presented here lead to the conclusion that the B-stars in this system are massive young main-sequence stars. While there are several possible explanations, it appears most plausible that the IT Lib system formed in the disk about 30 million years ago and was ejected on a trajectory taking it to its present position.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in the PASP (January 2003)
Additional file 1 of A bimodal type of AgPd Plasmonic Blackbody Nanozyme with boosted catalytic efficacy and synergized photothermal therapy for efficacious tumor treatment in the second biological window
Creators: name: Jia, Tao
name: Li, Dan
name: Du, Jiarui
name: Fang, Xikui
name: Gerasimov, Valeriy
name: Ågren, Hans
name: Chen, Guanying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Virology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Zeta potentials and dynamic light scattering (DLS) of AgPd PB. Fig. S2. XRD patterns, EDS spectrum and XPS spectrum of AgPd PB nanozyme. Fig. S3. Mass extinction coefficient and photothermal imaging of AgPd PB nanozyme. Fig. S4. The comparison of the effect of LSPR and PPT to CAT and POD enzyme activities. Fig. S5. The O2 generation of H2O2 incubated with different concentration of AgPd PB nanozyme without laser irradiation and the relative catalytic activity of AgPd PB nanozyme. Fig. S6. Time-course absorbance of AgPd PB nanozyme upon the addition of varied concentrations of H2O2 (120, 60, 30 and 15 mM) without and with laser irradiation. Fig. S7. phagocytosis, biological activity and ROS assay of AgPd PB nanozyme. Fig. S8. Hemolysis assay for AgPd PB nanozyme. Fig. S9. In vitro and in vivo CT images of AgPd PB nanozyme. Fig. S10. Fluorescent values of AgPd nanozyme in accordance with concentrations and the correlated linear fitting. Fig. S11. Schematic illustration of the body’s rapid clearance of AgPd PB nanozyme. Fig. S12. IR thermal images at the tumor sites of U14-tumor-bearing mice under 1064 nm laser (1.25 W·cm− 2) irradiation with saline and AgPd PB nanozyme at different time intervals. Fig. S13. H&E stained tissue images of heart, liver, spleen, lung, and kidney excised from mice after 14 days of treatment of AgPd PB nanozyme. Table S1. Comparison of properties between some other photothermal materials with AgPd PB nanozyme. Table S2. The photothermal conversion efficiency (PTCE) of molar extinction coefficient (MEC) of several PTT agents. Table S3. The Michaelis-Menton constant (Km) and maximum reaction rate (Vmax) of previously reported nanozyme with H2O2 as the substrate for POD-mimic catalysis.
Kateretes Herbst 1793
Creators: name: Hisamatsu, Sadatomo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Kateretidae
Kateretes

description: Genus Kateretes Herbst, 1793
 Type species. Dermestes pedicularius Linnaeus, 1758, subsequent designation by HOPE (1840).
 Diagnosis. Body oval, rather flattened. Pronotum transverse; disc with coarse large punctures, larger than eye facet; posterior angles rounded; basal margin nearly straight or with slight curvature. Male abdominal tergite VIII concealed, narrowing at apex. Tarsal claws simple. Ovipositor with short styli.
 Bionomics. Members are often attracted to the flowers of Carex (Cyperaceae) and Juncus (Juncaceae) (JELÍNEK & CLINE 2010).
 Distribution. Ten species belonging to this genus are distributed in the Palaearctic Region (see HISAMATSU 1985, S-T. HISAMATSU 2006, JELÍNEK & AUDISIO 2007), except K. ornatus Jelínek, 1978, which is distributed in the Oriental Region (India) (JELÍNEK 1978), and K. scissus Parsons, 1943 from the Nearctic region (PARSONS 1943).
 Note. Palaearctic species were treated by several authors (KIRK- SPRIGGS 1996, SPORNRAFT 1967, KIREJTSHUK 1992, AUDISIO 1993). Japanese species were studied by S-T. HISAMATSU (2006). The North American species is currently being revised, along with the other Kateretidae fauna of the region (Cline & Audisio, pers. comm.).
description: Published as part of Hisamatsu, Sadatomo, 2011, A review of the Japanese Kateretidae fauna (Coleoptera: Cucujoidea), pp. 551-585 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 51 (2) on page 556, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5329313
Coelogyne tetradactylifera M. W. Chase & Schuit. 2021, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Chase, Mark W.
name: Gravendeel, Barbara
name: Sulistyo, Bobby P.
name: Wati, Richa Kusuma
name: Schuiteman, André
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Coelogyne
Coelogyne tetradactylifera

description: Coelogyne tetradactylifera (H.A.Pedersen) M.W.Chase & Schuit., comb. nov.
 Basionym: Dendrochilum tetradactyliferum H.A.Pedersen, Nordic J. Bot. 15: 390 (1995 publ. 1996).
description: Published as part of Chase, Mark W., Gravendeel, Barbara, Sulistyo, Bobby P., Wati, Richa Kusuma & Schuiteman, André, 2021, Expansion of the orchid genus Coelogyne (Arethuseae; Epidendroideae) to include Bracisepalum, Bulleyia, Chelonistele, Dendrochilum, Dickasonia, Entomophobia, Geesinkorchis, Gynoglottis, Ischnogyne, Nabaluia, Neogyna, Otochilus, Panisea and Pholidota, pp. 94-134 in Phytotaxa 510 (2) on page 129, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.510.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5426332
title: Fauna Passages as an Effective Way to Increase Habitat Connectivity for Diverse Non–Target Species
Creators: name: McGregor, Melanie Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fauna passages
subject: Habitat connectivity
subject: Roads and wildlife

description: Urbanisation has become the most significant cause of habitat loss and fragmentation globally, facilitating the rapid expansion of road infrastructure networks which have led to environmental degradation at a scale disproportionate to the land they occupy. More than 20 individual ecological effects are directly attributed to road presence, with road effect zones shown to extend up to thousands of meters beyond the road itself. The effects of roads are generally recognised as being detrimental to most wildlife, occurring at localised patch levels, endangering local wildlife and reducing local habitat, as well as at the landscape scale, where they increase habitat fragmentation and facilitate widespread ecological degradation. The expansion of road systems worldwide has stimulated the development of mitigation strategies aiming to reduce biodiversity loss and enhance species persistence. The preservation of landscape corridors and natural habitat are becoming commonplace in urban planning, while fauna passages are gaining increasing recognition as tools to reconnect already fragmented landscapes. The potential for fauna passages to reduce barrier effects, increase habitat connectivity and avoid roadkill is becoming increasingly evident throughout the world, with the rapid expansion of road ecology research. Currently, fauna passage use by mammals is by far the most researched, followed by reptiles, birds and amphibians, while bats have received almost no attention. Furthermore, a lack of detailed information demonstrating effective fauna passage use is a consequence of study longevity, restricting the comprehensive understanding of fauna passage acclimation and long–term success.
On the Probability Distribution of Cosmological Microlensing Optical Depths
Creators: name: Wyithe, J. S. B.
name: Turner, E. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is conventional to calculate the probability of microlensing for a cosmologically distant source based on the Press-Gunn approximation that the lensing objects are uniformly and randomly distributed in the intervening space with a constant comoving density. Here we investigate more realistic cosmological microlensing statistics by considering the strong spatial clustering of likely lensing objects with each other in galaxies and their association with the clumps of dark matter that make up the massive halos of galaxies. The distribution of microlensing optical depth (kappa) along randomly chosen sight lines is calculated as is the conditional distribution of kappa along sight lines near one which is strongly microlensed. Our overall result is that the Press-Gunn approximation is a useful order-of-magnitude approximation if the massive halos of galaxies are made of dark compact objects but that it fails badly and can be qualitatively misleading in the more likely case in which only the ordinary stellar populations of galaxies are the dominant source of cosmological microlensing events. In particular, we find that microlensing by stars is limited to of order 1 percent of high redshift sources at any one time. Furthermore, even though only a small fraction of high redshift sources are multiply-imaged (by galaxies), it is these sources that are most likely to be microlensed by stars. Consequently, microlensing by stars is usually observed at kappa's near 1 where the simple isolated point mass lens approximation is not appropriate. However, if CDM halos are composed of condensed objects, then more than 10 percent of high redshift sources are microlensed at any given time. The vast majority of these sources are not multiply-imaged, and have kappa's smaller than 0.01.
description: 28 pages, 9 figures. To be published in the Astrophysical Journal
Transport coefficients of self-propelled particles: Reverse perturbations and transverse current correlations
Creators: name: Nikoubashman, Arash
name: Ihle, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reverse perturbation method [Phys. Rev. E 59, 4894 (1999)] for shearing simple liquids and measuring their viscosity is extended to the Vicsek-model (VM) of active particles [Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 1226 (1995)] and its metric-free version. The sheared systems exhibit a phenomenon that is similar to the skin effect of an alternating electric current: momentum that is fed into the boundaries of a layer decays mostly exponentially towards the center of the layer. It is shown how two transport coefficients, i.e. the shear viscosity $ν$ and the momentum amplification coefficient $λ$, can be obtained by fitting this decay with an analytical solution of the hydrodynamic equations for the VM. The viscosity of the VM consists of two parts, a kinetic and a collisional contribution. While analytical predictions already exist for the former, a novel expression for the collisional part is derived by an Enskog-like kinetic theory. To verify the predictions for the transport coefficients, Green-Kubo relations were evaluated and transverse current correlations were measured in independent simulations. Not too far to the transition to collective motion, we find excellent agreement between the different measurements of the transport coefficients. However, the measured values of $ν$ and $1-λ$ are always slightly higher than the mean-field predictions, even at large mean free paths and at state points quite far from the threshold to collective motion, that is, far in the disordered phase. These findings seem to indicate that the mean-field assumption of molecular chaos is much less reliable in systems with velocity-alignment rules such as the VM, compared to models obeying detailed balance such as Multi-Particle Collision Dynamics.
Additional file 1: of Promoting adoption while avoiding rebound: integrating disciplinary perspectives on market diffusion and carbon impacts of electric cars and building renovations in Austria
Creators: name: Seebauer, Sebastian
name: Kulmer, Veronika
name: Fruhmann, Claudia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Online appendix. (DOCX 51 kb)
Bulk viscosity of baryonic matter with trapped neutrinos
Creators: name: Alford, Mark
name: Harutyunyan, Arus
name: Sedrakian, Armen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study bulk viscosity arising from weak current Urca processes in dense baryonic matter at and beyond nuclear saturation density. We consider the temperature regime where neutrinos are trapped and therefore have nonzero chemical potential. We model the nuclear matter in a relativistic density functional approach, taking into account the trapped neutrino component. We find that the resonant maximum of the bulk viscosity would occur at or below the neutrino trapping temperature, so in the neutrino trapped regime the bulk viscosity decreases with temperature as $T^{-2}$, this decrease being interrupted by a drop to zero at a special temperature where the proton fraction becomes density-independent and the material scale-invariant. The bulk viscosity is larger for matter with lower lepton fraction, i.e., larger isospin asymmetry. We find that bulk viscosity in the neutrino-trapped regime is smaller by several orders of magnitude than in the neutrino-transparent regime, which implies that bulk viscosity in neutrino-trapped matter is probably not strong enough to affect significantly the evolution of neutron star mergers. This also implies weak damping of gravitational waves emitted by the oscillations of the postmerger remnant in the high-temperature, neutrino-trapped phase of evolution.
description: v2: matches published version, 27 pages, 21 figures, uses RevTex
MOESM2 of Downregulation of hypermethylated in cancer-1 by miR-4532 promotes adriamycin resistance in breast cancer cells
Creators: name: Feng, Fan
name: Zhu, Xiaolan
name: Wang, Chunyan
name: Chen, Liang
name: Cao, Weiping
name: Liu, Yueqin
name: Chen, Qi
name: Xu, Wenlin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2. miRNA primers used for RT-PCR.
Deriving models for the Kitaev spin-liquid candidate material $α$-RuCl$_3$ from first principles
Creators: name: Eichstaedt, Casey
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Laurell, Pontus
name: Okamoto, Satoshi
name: Eguiluz, Adolfo G.
name: Berlijn, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the constrained random phase approximation (cRPA) to derive from first principles the Ru-$t_{2g}$ Wannier function based model for the Kitaev spin-liquid candidate material $α$-RuCl$_3$. We find the non-local Coulomb repulsion to be sizable compared to the local one. In addition we obtain the contribution to the Hamiltonian from the spin-orbit coupling and find it to also contain non-negligible non-local terms. We invoke strong coupling perturbation theory to investigate the influence of these non-local elements of the Coulomb repulsion and the spin-orbit coupling on the magnetic interactions. We find that the non-local Coulomb repulsions cause a strong enhancement of the magnetic interactions, which deviate from experimental fits reported in the literature. Our results contribute to the understanding and design of quantum spin liquid materials via first principles calculations.
The nature of the dwarf population in Abell 868
Creators: name: Boyce, Peter J.
name: Phillipps, Steven
name: Jones, J. Bryn
name: Driver, Simon P.
name: Smith, Rodney M.
name: Couch, Warrick J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a study of the morphology of the dwarf galaxy population in Abell 868, a rich, intermediate redshift (z=0.154) cluster which has a galaxy luminosity function with a steep faint-end slope (alpha=-1.26 +/- 0.05). A statistical background subtraction method is employed to study the B-R colour distribution of the cluster galaxies. This distribution suggests that the galaxies contributing to the faint-end of the measured cluster LF can be split into three populations: dIrrs with B-R<1.4; dEs with 1.42.5. The remvoal of the contribution of the background gEs from the counts only marginally lessens the faint-end slope (alpha=-1.22 +/- 0.16). However, the removal of the contribution of the dIrrs from the counts produces a flat LF (alpha=-0.91 +/- 0.16). The dEs and the dIrrs have similar spatial distributions within the cluster except that the dIrrs appear to be totally absent within a central projected radius of about 0.2 Mpc (Ho=75 km/s /Mpc). The number density of both dEs and dIrrs appear to fall off beyond a projected radius of about 0.35 Mpc. We suggest that the dE and dIrr populations of A868 have been associated with the cluster for similar timescales but that evolutionary processes such as `galaxy harassment' tend to fade the dIrr galaxies while having much less effect on the dE galaxies. The harassement would be expected to have the greatest effect on dwarfs residing in the central parts of the cluster.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures To be published in The Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
The radio galaxy 3C 356 and clues to the trigger mechanisms for powerful radio sources
Creators: name: Simpson, Chris
name: Rawlings, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep near-infrared images, taken with Subaru Telescope, of the region around the z=1.08 radio source 3C 356 which show it to be associated with a poor cluster of galaxies. We discuss evidence that this cluster comprises two subclusters traced by the two galaxies previously proposed as identifications for 3C 356, which both seem to harbour AGN, and which have the disturbed morphologies expected if they underwent an interpenetrating collision at the time the radio jets were triggered. We explain the high luminosity and temperature of the diffuse X-ray emission from this system as the result of shock-heating of intracluster gas by the merger of two galaxy groups. Taken together with the results on other well-studied powerful radio sources, we suggest that the key ingredient for triggering a powerful radio source, at least at epochs corresponding to z~1, is a galaxy--galaxy interaction which can be orchestrated by the merger of their parent subclusters. This provides an explanation for the rapid decline in the number density of powerful radio sources since z~1. We argue that attempts to use distant radio-selected clusters to trace the formation and evolution of the general cluster population must address ways in which X-ray properties can be influenced by the radio source, both directly, by mechanisms such as inverse-Compton scattering, and indirectly, by the fact that the radio source may be preferentially triggered at a specific time during the formation of the cluster.
description: 12 pages, accepted by MNRAS. Fig.1 has been reduced in resolution. Corrected citation to data in Fig.1
$Z'$ Mediated WIMPs: Dead, Dying, or Soon to be Detected?
Creators: name: Blanco, Carlos
name: Escudero, Miguel
name: Hooper, Dan
name: Witte, Samuel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) have long been among the most studied and theoretically attractive classes of candidates for the dark matter of our universe, the lack of their detection in direct detection and collider experiments has begun to dampen enthusiasm for this paradigm. In this study, we set out to appraise the status of the WIMP paradigm, focusing on the case of dark matter candidates that interact with the Standard Model through a new gauge boson. After considering a wide range of $Z'$ mediated dark matter models, we quantitatively evaluate the fraction of the parameter space that has been excluded by existing experiments, and that is projected to fall within the reach of future direct detection experiments. Despite the existence of stringent constraints, we find that a sizable fraction of this parameter space remains viable. More specifically, if the dark matter is a Majorana fermion, we find that an order one fraction of the parameter space is in many cases untested by current experiments. Future direct detection experiments with sensitivity near the irreducible neutrino floor will be able to test a significant fraction of the currently viable parameter space, providing considerable motivation for the next generation of direct detection experiments.
description: v2: Published version. Modified text, no significant changes. v1:46 pages, 17 figures
Additional file 4 of Identification of candidate tolerance genes to low-temperature during maize germination by GWAS and RNA-seq approaches
Creators: name: Zhang, Hong
name: Zhang, Jiayue
name: Xu, Qingyu
name: Wang, Dandan
name: Di, Hong
name: Huang, Jun
name: Yang, Xiuwei
name: Wang, Zhoufei
name: Zhang, Lin
name: Dong, Ling
name: Wang, Zhenhua
name: Zhou, Yu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4 Table S3. Mean of LD decay distance of the 10 chromosomes for r2 values which are equal to greater than 0.1 and 0.2.
Deep-Learning continuous gravitational waves
Creators: name: Dreissigacker, Christoph
name: Sharma, Rahul
name: Messenger, Chris
name: Zhao, Ruining
name: Prix, Reinhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first proof-of-principle study for using deep neural networks (DNNs) as a novel search method for continuous gravitational waves (CWs) from unknown spinning neutron stars. The sensitivity of current wide-parameter-space CW searches is limited by the available computing power, which makes neural networks an interesting alternative to investigate, as they are extremely fast once trained and have recently been shown to rival the sensitivity of matched filtering for black-hole merger signals. We train a convolutional neural network with residual (short-cut) connections and compare its detection power to that of a fully-coherent matched-filtering search using the WEAVE pipeline. As test benchmarks we consider two types of all-sky searches over the frequency range from $20\,\mathrm{Hz}$ to $1000\,\mathrm{Hz}$: an `easy' search using $T=10^5\,\mathrm{s}$ of data, and a `harder' search using $T=10^6\,\mathrm{s}$. Detection probability $p_\mathrm{det}$ is measured on a signal population for which matched filtering achieves $p_\mathrm{det}=90\%$ in Gaussian noise. In the easiest test case ($T=10^5\,\mathrm{s}$ at $20\,\mathrm{Hz}$) the DNN achieves $p_\mathrm{det}\sim88\%$, corresponding to a loss in sensitivity depth of $\sim5\%$ versus coherent matched filtering. However, at higher-frequencies and longer observation time the DNN detection power decreases, until $p_\mathrm{det}\sim13\%$ and a loss of $\sim 66\%$ in sensitivity depth in the hardest case ($T=10^6\,\mathrm{s}$ at $1000\,\mathrm{Hz}$). We study the DNN generalization ability by testing on signals of different frequencies, spindowns and signal strengths than they were trained on. We observe excellent generalization: only five networks, each trained at a different frequency, would be able to cover the whole frequency range of the search.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, 7 tables; changed author list, refereed version
Coelogyne tiongiana M. W. Chase & Schuit. 2021, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Chase, Mark W.
name: Gravendeel, Barbara
name: Sulistyo, Bobby P.
name: Wati, Richa Kusuma
name: Schuiteman, André
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Coelogyne
Coelogyne tiongiana

description: Coelogyne tiongiana (Cootes) M.W.Chase & Schuit., comb. nov.
 Basionym: Dendrochilum tiongianum Cootes, OrchideenJ. 18: 152 (2011).
description: Published as part of Chase, Mark W., Gravendeel, Barbara, Sulistyo, Bobby P., Wati, Richa Kusuma & Schuiteman, André, 2021, Expansion of the orchid genus Coelogyne (Arethuseae; Epidendroideae) to include Bracisepalum, Bulleyia, Chelonistele, Dendrochilum, Dickasonia, Entomophobia, Geesinkorchis, Gynoglottis, Ischnogyne, Nabaluia, Neogyna, Otochilus, Panisea and Pholidota, pp. 94-134 in Phytotaxa 510 (2) on page 129, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.510.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5426332
A Chandra and XMM View of the Mass & Metals in Galaxy Groups and Clusters
Creators: name: Buote, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray observations with Chandra and XMM are providing valuable new measurements of the baryonic and dark matter content of groups and clusters. Masses of cD clusters obtained from X-ray and gravitational lensing studies generally show good agreement, therefore providing important validation of both methods. Gas fractions have been obtained for several clusters that verify previous results for a low matter density (Omega_m ~0.3). Chandra has also provided measurements of the mass profiles deep down into several cluster cores and has generally found no significant deviations from CDM predictions in contrast to the flat core density profiles inferred from the rotation curves of low-surface brightness galaxies and dwarf galaxies; i.e., there is no evidence for self-interacting dark matter in cluster cores. Finally, initial studies of the iron and silicon abundances in centrally E-dominated groups show that they have pronounced gradients from 1-2 solar values within the central 30-50 kpc that fall to values of 0.3-0.5 solar at larger radii. The Si/Fe ratios are consistent with approximately 80% of the metals originating from Type Ia supernovae. Several cD clusters also display central Fe enhancements suggestive of Type Ia supernova enrichment, though some have central dips that may provide a vital clue for solving the cooling flow mystery.
description: Invited review to be published in the proceedings of the conference, "IGM/Galaxy Connection- The Distribution of Baryons at z=0", held at the University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, August 8-10, 2002; 10 pages
title: Influence of Water Efficiency and Diversified Water Supply Schemes on Urban Water Infrastrucrure Planning
Creators: name: Gurung, Thulo Ram
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM)
subject: Water policy strategies, Queensland
subject: Water security, Queensland
subject: Rainwater tanks, Queensland

description: Water security is increasingly becoming a cause of concern in Australia with population growth and climate change set to exacerbate the variability of supply in both rural and urban regions. During recent drought conditions in Queensland there was a strong emphasis on water restrictions to reduce residential consumption, as well as water policy strategies such as modifying building codes to require all new residential and commercial buildings to conserve and/or substitute potable water. Additionally, there was a heightened emphasis on having an Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM) approach to water management. IUWM involves the use of alternative water supplies and demand management practices to ensure a sustainable approach to water management by integrating both the demand and supply-based management approaches. Within Queensland, mandatory regulations required residents to save on household water consumption by using alternative water measures in order to offset mains (potable) demand. The installation of rainwater tanks and the reuse of greywater, connected to toilets, cold water laundry and outdoor use, were some approaches adopted by householders to achieve the water saving targets. In addition, current mandatory regulations require new households to install minimum efficient rated water appliances to contribute to water savings.
Enhancing Saliency Prediction in Monitoring Tasks: The Role of Visual Highlights
Creators: name: Wu, Zekun
name: Feit, Anna Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study examines the role of visual highlights in guiding user attention in drone monitoring tasks, employing a simulated interface for observation. The experiment results show that such highlights can significantly expedite the visual attention on the corresponding area. Based on this observation, we leverage both the temporal and spatial information in the highlight to develop a new saliency model: the highlight-informed saliency model (HISM), to infer the visual attention change in the highlight condition. Our findings show the effectiveness of visual highlights in enhancing user attention and demonstrate the potential of incorporating these cues into saliency prediction models.
title: A Burlesque
Creators: name: Montgomery, Meghann Yavanna
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Burlesque
subject: Performance art

description: I am a performer of burlesque. This PhD submission consists of a creative component and a written thesis on an individual enactment of burlesque. My burlesque practice commenced in early 2002, with the planning of my first performance. I debuted my act in August 2002 and have continued to perform since then. Burlesque, for me is a long-term creative endeavour and the expanse of time committed to the project offers the opportunity to include documentation from many different moments within my performance career. As such the film and photographic material highlights this artistic and philosophical progression. The combination of film and photography is the most effective form of documentation allowing me to include a greater volume of performance material than would have been physically possible within a single live performance. The thesis will discuss the manner in which my particular burlesque practice is brought into being. Major theoretical terrains of the body and its awareness of the mask tradition, desire, ballet and fetish will all be considered in detail for the ways in which they construct and contribute to the development, and thus my understanding of burlesque.
Gas vs dust sizes of protoplanetary disks: effects of dust evolution
Creators: name: Trapman, L.
name: Facchini, S.
name: Hogerheijde, M. R.
name: van Dishoeck, E. F.
name: Bruderer, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extent of the gas in protoplanetary disks is observed to be universally larger than the extent of the dust. This is often attributed to radial drift and grain growth of the mm grains, but line optical depth produces a similar observational signature. We investigate in what parts of the disk structure parameter space dust evolution and line optical depth are the dominant drivers of the observed gas and dust size difference. Using the thermochemical model DALI with dust evolution included we ran a grid of models aimed at reproducing the observed gas and dust size dichotomy. The relation between R_dust and dust evolution is non-monotonic and depends on the disk structure. R_gas is directly related to the radius where the CO column density drops below 10^15 cm^-2 and CO becomes photodissociated. R_gas is not affected by dust evolution but scales with the total CO content of the disk. R_gas/R_dust > 4 is a clear sign for dust evolution and radial drift in disks, but these cases are rare in current observations. For disks with a smaller R_gas/R_dust, identifying dust evolution from R_gas/R_dust requires modelling the disk structure including the total CO content. To minimize the uncertainties due to observational factors requires FWHM_beam < 1x the characteristic radius and a peak SNR > 10 on the 12CO emission moment zero map. For the dust outer radius to enclose most of the disk mass, it should be defined using a high fraction (90-95%) of the total flux. For the gas, any radius enclosing > 60% of the 12CO flux will contain most of the disk mass. To distinguish radial drift and grain growth from line optical depth effects based on size ratios requires disks to be observed at high enough angular resolution and the disk structure should to be modelled to account for the total CO content of the disk.
description: 18 pages, 27 figures, accepted in A&A
High-Harmonic generation from spin-polarised defects in solids
Creators: name: S., Mrudul M.
name: Tancogne-Dejean, Nicolas
name: Rubio, Angel
name: Dixit, Gopal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generation of high-order harmonics in gases enabled to probe the attosecond electron dynamics in atoms and molecules with unprecedented resolution. Extending the techniques developed originally for atomic and molecular gases to solid state materials requires a fundamental understanding of the physics that has been partially addressed theoretically. Here we employ time-dependent density-functional theory to investigate how the electron dynamics resulting in high-harmonic emission in monolayer hexagonal boron nitride is affected by the presence of vacancies. We show how these realistic spin-polarised defects modify the harmonic emission, and demonstrate that important differences exist between harmonics from a pristine solid and a defected-solid. In particular, we found that the different spin channels are affected differently because of the presence of the spin-polarized point defect, and that localisation of the wavefunction, the geometry of the defect and the electron-electron interaction are all important ingredients to describe high-harmonic generation in defected-solids. We show that different vacancies lead to qualitatively different effects, thus opening the door to the high-harmonic imaging of spin-polarised defects in solids.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures
title: TTWiFi: Improving Wireless Communication Reliability for Mobile Robotics in Human Environments
Creators: name: Lusty, Carl B
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: mobile robotics communications
subject: human environments
subject: wireless communication reliability
subject: TTWiFi

description: Mobile robots that operate around humans need to be safe and reliable. Many mobile robots rely on wireless communication in order to function. This reliance is generally for tasks such as external image processing, receiving sensor data and decision-making; by a more powerful machine or human operator. The reliability of wireless communication for mobile robotics and the ability to control mobile robotics systems with minimal latency is an ongoing challenge. This work focuses on mobile robotics communication within human environments, such as homes, schools, nursing environments, airports and public spaces. Human environments present significant challenges regarding overlapping wireless communication networks and high utilisation of wireless communication frequencies, which can result in large amounts of wireless interference and data loss. Because of its ubiquitous presence in human environments, WiFi is regularly chosen within mobile robotics and, more broadly, within many Internet of Things (IoT) projects to satisfy communication requirements. However, WiFi is not well suited to providing the reliable, real-time communication many mobile robots require. [...]
Method of moments for 3-D single particle ab initio modeling with non-uniform distribution of viewing angles
Creators: name: Sharon, Nir
name: Kileel, Joe
name: Khoo, Yuehaw
name: Landa, Boris
name: Singer, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Single-particle reconstruction in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is an increasingly popular technique for determining the 3-D structure of a molecule from several noisy 2-D projections images taken at unknown viewing angles. Most reconstruction algorithms require a low-resolution initialization for the 3-D structure, which is the goal of ab initio modeling. Suggested by Zvi Kam in 1980, the method of moments (MoM) offers one approach, wherein low-order statistics of the 2-D images are computed and a 3-D structure is estimated by solving a system of polynomial equations. Unfortunately, Kam's method suffers from restrictive assumptions, most notably that viewing angles should be distributed uniformly. Often unrealistic, uniformity entails the computation of higher-order correlations, as in this case first and second moments fail to determine the 3-D structure. In the present paper, we remove this hypothesis, by permitting an unknown, non-uniform distribution of viewing angles in MoM. Perhaps surprisingly, we show that this case is statistically easier than the uniform case, as now first and second moments generically suffice to determine low-resolution expansions of the molecule. In the idealized setting of a known, non-uniform distribution, we find an efficient provable algorithm inverting first and second moments. For unknown, non-uniform distributions, we use non-convex optimization methods to solve for both the molecule and distribution.
description: 41 pages. v2: additional numerical experiments, appendices edited, other updates
Challenging theories of dark energy with levitated force sensor
Creators: name: Yin, Peiran
name: Li, Rui
name: Yin, Chengjiang
name: Xu, Xiangyu
name: Bian, Xiang
name: Xie, Han
name: Duan, Chang-Kui
name: Huang, Pu
name: He, Jian-hua
name: Du, Jiangfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of dark energy is one of the most outstanding problems in physical science, and various theories have been proposed. It is therefore essential to directly verify or rule out these theories experimentally. However, despite substantial efforts in astrophysical observations and laboratory experiments, previous tests have not yet acquired enough accuracy to provide decisive conclusions as to the validity of these theories. Here, using a diamagnetically levitated force sensor, we carry out a test on one of the most compelling explanations for dark energy to date, namely the Chameleon theory, an ultra-light scalar field with screening mechanisms, which couples to normal-matter fields and leaves a detectable fifth force. Our results extend previous results by nearly two orders of magnitude to the entire physical plausible parameter space of cosmologically viable chameleon models. We find no evidence for such a fifth force. Our results decisively rule out the basic chameleon model as a candidate for dark energy. Our work, thus, demonstrates the robustness of laboratory experiments in unveiling the nature of dark energy in the future. The methodology developed here can be further applied to study a broad range of fundamental physics.
Extinction of gamma-ray burst afterglows as a diagnostic of the location of cosmic star formation
Creators: name: Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico
name: Trentham, Neil
name: Blain, A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and their afterglows are used to investigate the location of star formation activity through the history of the Universe. This approach is motivated by the following: (i) GRBs are thought to be associated with the deaths of massive stars and so the GRB rate ought to follow the massive star formation rate, (ii) GRBs are the final evolutionary phase of these short-lived stars, which do not travel far from their birthplace, and so should be located where the stars formed, and (iii) The differential effects of dust extinction on GRB afterglows between the X-ray and optical wavebands can reveal whether or not large amounts of gas and dust are present in GRB host galaxies. From recent evidence, we estimate that a significant fraction (about 75%) of stars in the Universe formed in galaxies that are brightest at rest-frame far-infrared (IR) wavelengths. This value is marginally consistent with observations: 60 +/- 15% of GRBs have no detected optical afterglow, whereas almost all have an X-ray afterglow. If the X-ray afterglows of a large number of GRBs disappear at soft X-ray wavelengths (<2 keV), then this would provide strong evidence for dominant heavily obscured star-formation activity. Far-IR and submillimetre studies of GRB hosts would also test this idea: about 20% of hosts should be detectable using SCUBA.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, with final revisions, MNRAS in press
Additional file 1 of Genetic variability of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in El Salvador and Honduras: presence of a widespread haplotype and implications for mosquito control
Creators: name: Joyce, A. L.
name: Moreno, Miguel
name: Palomo, Leonel
name: O’Connor, Raul
name: Escobar, Denis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional File1 Table S1. Pairwise FST distance among populations. Populations from El Salvador: Ataco (AT), Sensuntepeque (SEN), Jiquilisco (JI), La Unión (LU), San Francisco Gotera (SFG), Santa Ana (SA), San Ignacio (SI), San Miguel (SM), Sonsonate (SON), San Salvador (SS), San Vicente (SV). Populations from Honduras: Tegucigalpa (TEG), Choluteca (CHO), Cofradia (COF), Villanueva (VIL), Danli (DAN), Los Angeles (LA). Collection locations of all populations are detailed in Table 1.
Coelogyne tortilis M. W. Chase & Schuit. 2021, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Chase, Mark W.
name: Gravendeel, Barbara
name: Sulistyo, Bobby P.
name: Wati, Richa Kusuma
name: Schuiteman, André
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Coelogyne
Coelogyne tortilis

description: Coelogyne tortilis (H.A.Pedersen) M.W.Chase & Schuit., comb. nov.
 Basionym: Dendrochilum tortile H.A.Pedersen, Malesian Orchid J. 7: 121 (2011).
description: Published as part of Chase, Mark W., Gravendeel, Barbara, Sulistyo, Bobby P., Wati, Richa Kusuma & Schuiteman, André, 2021, Expansion of the orchid genus Coelogyne (Arethuseae; Epidendroideae) to include Bracisepalum, Bulleyia, Chelonistele, Dendrochilum, Dickasonia, Entomophobia, Geesinkorchis, Gynoglottis, Ischnogyne, Nabaluia, Neogyna, Otochilus, Panisea and Pholidota, pp. 94-134 in Phytotaxa 510 (2) on page 130, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.510.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5426332
Additional file 2: of Analgesic efficacy of preemptive local wound infiltration plus laparoscopic-assisted transversus abdominis plane block versus wound infiltration in patients undergoing laparoscopic colorectal resection: study protocol for a randomized, multicenter, single-blind, noninferiority trial
Creators: name: Pedrazzani, Corrado
name: Park, Soo
name: Scotton, Giovanni
name: Park, Jun
name: Kim, Hye
name: Polati, Enrico
name: Guglielmi, Alfredo
name: Choi, Gyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Data collection sheet adopted in the two centers. (PDF 260 kb)
Additional file 9 of Identification of candidate tolerance genes to low-temperature during maize germination by GWAS and RNA-seq approaches
Creators: name: Zhang, Hong
name: Zhang, Jiayue
name: Xu, Qingyu
name: Wang, Dandan
name: Di, Hong
name: Huang, Jun
name: Yang, Xiuwei
name: Wang, Zhoufei
name: Zhang, Lin
name: Dong, Ling
name: Wang, Zhenhua
name: Zhou, Yu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 9 Table S7. Germination rates of 222 maize inbred lines at 25 °C.
The Einstein-Jordan conundrum and its relation to ongoing foundational research in local quantum physics
Creators: name: Schroer, Bert
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik

description: We demonstrate the extraordinary modernity of the 1924/25 “Einstein-Jordan fluctuation conundrum”, a Gedankenexperiment which led Jordan to his quantization of waves published as a separate section in the famous Born- Heisenberg-Jordan 1926 “Dreimännerarbeit”. The thermal nature of energy fluctuations caused by the restriction of the QFT vacuum to a subvolume remained unnoticed mainly because it is not present in QM. In order to understand the analogy with Einstein’s fluctuation calculation in a thermal black body system, it is important to expose the mechanism which causes a global vacuum state to become impure on a localized subalgebra of QFT. The present work presents the fascinating history behind this problem which culminated in the more recent perception that “causal localization” leads to thermal manifestations. The most appropriate concept which places this property of QFT into the forefront is “modular localization”. These new developments in QFT led to a new access to the existence problem for interacting quantum fields whose solution has remained outside the range of renormalized perturbation theory. It also clarifies open problems about the relation of particles and fields in particular about the incompletely understood crossing property. Last not least it leads to a constructive understanding of integrable versus non-integrable QFTs...