cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Emerging from the shadows
Creators: name: Krishnan, Uma
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2009

description: Local governance struggles including municipal incorporations and city annexations have been the subjects of public and scholarly debates on metropolitan area administrations and their effects on land use, urban services and quality of life issues for area residents. Central to this dissertation is one such governance struggle that took place in the California's Goleta Valley.Goleta Valley lies in the sun drenched southern California coastline. It remained a large densely populated unincorporated area in Santa Barbara County. Casting a shadow on the Valley's identity was its glamorous neighbor, the City of Santa Barbara. During the time period 1970-1995, one annexation proposal and three slightly different incorporation referendums were defeated at the polls. The focus of this dissertation is the fifth and successful incorporation bid that resulted in cityhood for Goleta in the year 2001.The research question that is addressed by this thesis is how and why Goleta Valley was able to incorporate successfully while competing against a reactionaryand defensive annexation bid by the City of Santa Barbara. The research also attempts to discern the differences between the successful effort and earlierunsuccessful initiatives. The research strategy applied was the case study method. The logic of employing a single-case study design is based on the rationale thatGoleta incorporation was a revelatory case that held the significant possibility of uncovering aspects of the incorporation process that were previously unknown in the literature.The research findings reveal varying levels of support for separate incorporation theories. In contrast to the theorization of a single strong motive, the case reveals that the proponents in fact have multiple equally strong motives. Further, the Goleta case demonstrates that standard linear regressions will not fully explain successful incorporations. Instead, hedonic regressions or logit models are better suited to explain the effect of "residual" factors in incorporation struggles. In the Goleta case, "ground politics" and "access to funding resources" played a significant role in making the initiative a success. Goleta incorporation also renders some support for Marxian incorporation theories. Additionally, Goleta highlights the role that the boundary entrepreneurs play in shaping local governance battles.
Lebertia crenophila K. Viets 1920
Creators: name: Martin, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Lebertiidae
Lebertia
Lebertia crenophila

description: Lebertia crenophila K. Viets, 1920
Records (Table 2): Benthos samples at three spring sites in Gutland and in Ösling, 6 individuals (Gerecke et al. 2005). No larvae found in traps.
Remarks: Larva unknown.
description: Published as part of Martin, Peter, 2006, On the morphology and classification of larval water mites (Hydrachnidia, Acari) from springs in Luxembourg, pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 1138 on page 23, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.172007
title: Dactyle :
title: Principes directeurs pour la conduite de l’examen de la distinction, de l’homogénéité et de la stabilité.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022

description: Ces principes directeurs (“principes directeurs d’examen”) visent à approfondir les principes énoncés dans l’introduction générale (document TG/1/3) et dans les documents TGP qui s’y rapportent afin de donner des indications concrètes détaillées pour l’harmonisation de l’examen de la distinction, de l’homogénéité et de la stabilité (DHS) et, en particulier, à identifier des caractères convenant à l’examen DHS et à la production de descriptions variétales harmonisées.
Lebertia glabra Thor 1897
Creators: name: Martin, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Lebertiidae
Lebertia
Lebertia glabra

description: Lebertia glabra Thor, 1897
Records (Table 2): Benthos samples at eight spring sites in Gutland and in Ösling, 34 individuals (Gerecke et al. 2005). E7 50 larvae, parasitic on chironomids. Attribution by comparison with Martin (2000).
Descriptions of larvae (Fig. 37): Lundblad (1930), Martin (2000). Diagnostic characters of larvae: Shape of Expp (round).
description: Published as part of Martin, Peter, 2006, On the morphology and classification of larval water mites (Hydrachnidia, Acari) from springs in Luxembourg, pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 1138 on page 23, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.172007
title: Low bandgap polymers rf fused bithiophenes
Creators: name: Ferraris, John P.
name: Lambert, Tim L.
name: Rodriguez, Santiago
Publisher: name: United States Patent and Trademark Office
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: C07D495/04
subject: C08G61/126
subject: C09K9/02
subject: H01B1/127
subject: H01L51/0036
subject: H01L51/0074
subject: 252/500
subject: 526/256
subject: 528/360
subject: 528/377
subject: 528/380

description: The present invention involves monomeric compounds having the structure: ##STR1## Substituents W and Z are independently --CN, --NO.sub.2, -aryl, -aryl-V, --COX, SO.sub.2 R, --H, or -alkyl. Substituent X is --OR, or --NR,R where R and R.sup.1 are independently -alkyl or --H. Substituent V is -halide, --NO.sub.2, --CN, --SO.sub.2 R, or --COX. At least one of W and Z is --NO.sub.2, --SO.sub.2 R, --CN, --COX or -aryl-V. In one preferred embodiment substituents W and Z are both --CN. In another preferred embodiment, substituent X is --NO.sub.2 or --CN and substituent Z is --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 NO.sub.2. These monomers are polymerized to form low bandgap polymers.
Generating literacies
Creators: name: Lee, Rick H.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2009

description: This dissertation theorizes the crucial role that reading plays in the lives of gay men. Through their encounters with diverse texts and archives, gay male readers seek to become literate with different bodies of knowledge and, in the process, to gain a sense of self and a sense of belonging to a larger collectivity. However, because gay male culture lacks formalized or default institutions of world-making--namely, of learning, remembering, and inheriting--gay male readers (and writers) must constantly struggle to acquire, preserve, and transmit across the generations their literary-aesthetic and cultural traditions. Their struggle with the problem of generational transmission has been exacerbated in the last three decades by the AIDS epidemic.The dissertation's introductory chapter provides a preliminary history of gay male readers and their literate practices. In each of the dissertation's four main chapters, I examine the interrelations between the problem of generationality and the problem of different forms of cultural literacy. Chapter One reframes the debate about the "gay generation gap" in relation to issues of "gay cultural literacy." Chapter Two explores the interimplications of acquiring and transmitting print-based and oral-based cultural literacies in the work of British author, playwright, and performance artist Neil Bartlett. Chapter Three, focusing on the short fiction of American author Allen Barnett, considers the interplay of high-cultural literacy and "AIDS literacy," a body of knowledge that combines familiarity with biomedical discourse, awareness of cultural debates, and sensitivity to how sexual subjects negotiate desire and risk. In Chapter Four, I investigate the curious prevalence of ghosts in AIDS narratives and suggest that these texts invite readers to cultivate a "spectral literacy" as a strategy for remembering the consequences of the AIDS epidemic. The dissertation's epilogue juxtaposes my own literacy narrative--specifically, my past experience of learning ESL, or the acculturation process I name "English as a shaming language"--with my later encounters with the work of gay Chinese American writers and artists such as Justin Chin and Frank Liu.
Allopyge Johnston 1913
Creators: name: Dronen, Norman O.
name: Blend, Charles K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Trematoda
Plagiorchiida
Cyclocoelidae
Allopyge

description: Allopyge Johnston, 1913
(Members of this genus have a postpharyngeal genital pore and the vitelline fields are confluent posteriorly) (Table 18)
Diagnosis. Cyclocoelidae; Hyptiasminae. Body, lanceolate to linguiform, sometimes tapered anteriorly. Rudimentary oral sucker present or not; rudimentary ventral sucker absent. Genital pore postpharyngeal, located some distance posterior to pharynx in some species (e.g. A. antigones Johnston, 1913 and A. undulatus Canavan, 1934). Ovary intertesticular nearly in line with the tandem or nearly tandem testes near posterior arch of cyclocoel. Uterine coils often overreaching ceca laterally, commonly invading posttesticular space, infrequently intertesticular. Vitelline fields confluent posteriorly forming a posteriorly- directed, tail-like extension in some species (e.g. A. americanensis Dronen & Blend, 2005). Parasites in body cavity, air sacs, lungs and nasal sinuses of birds.
description: Published as part of Dronen, Norman O. & Blend, Charles K., 2015, Updated keys to the genera in the subfamilies of Cyclocoelidae Stossich, 1902, including a reconsideration of species assignments, species keys and the proposal of a new genus in Szidatitreminae Dronen, 2007, pp. 1-100 in Zootaxa 4053 (1) on page 68, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/237117
Some problems in extremal graph theory avoiding the use of the regularity lemma
Creators: name: Levitt, Ian Marc
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2009

description: In this thesis we present two results in Extremal Graph Theory.  The first result is a new proof of a conjecture of Bollobas on embedding trees of bounded degree.  The second result is a new proof of the Posa conjecture.Let G=(W,E) be a graph on n vertices having minimum degree at least n/2 + c log(n), where c is a constant.  Bela Bollobas conjectured that every tree on n vertices with bounded degree can be embedded into G.  We show that this conjecture is true.  In fact we show more, that unless G is very close to either the union of two complete graphs on n/2 vertices, or the  complement, then a minimum degree of n/2 is sufficient to embed any tree of bounded degree.The k-th power of C is the graph obtained from C by joining every pair of vertices at a distance at most k in C.  In 1962 Posa conjectured that any graph G of order n and minimum degree at least 2n/3 contains the square of a Hamiltonian cycle.  The conjecture was proven for n > n_0 by Komlos, Sarkozy and Szemeredi using the Regularity Lemma and Blow-up  Lemma.  The new proof removes the use of the Regularity Lemma and establishes the Posa conjecture using combinatorial arguments, thus vastly reducing n_0.
Chemical and biomolecular functionalization of silicon surfaces for biosensing applications
Creators: name: Lapin, Norman A.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2009

description: The reliable functioning of biosensors and bioassays is dependent on the robust attachment of active biomolecules to device substrates, such that the structural integrity, organization and appropriate orientation of these molecules at the surface is maintained.  To a significant extent, the underlying surface chemistry and molecular organization that these biomolecules come in contact with and attach to affect the properties of the functional overlayer that they compose.  In this work, primarily through the use of infrared spectroscopy, we characterize two main types of biosensor platforms including biotin-streptavidin linkage and surface attachment and covalent attachment of protein to sensor surfaces via amines and sulfhydryls.  We further observe the effects of several variations in processing conditions on these platforms including initial atmospheric humidity, use of anhydrous versus aqueous solvents in molecular adsorption and the effect of primary molecular layer stability on the organization and characteristics of subsequently adsorbed biolayers.  With infrared spectroscopy, not only do we identify the formation and breaking of chemical bonds in each of the attachment steps, we also monitor changes in the moieties of each layer with changing environmental conditions.  We find that changes in ureido moiety vibrational modes of the biotinylated surface occur near 1250 and 1700 cm-1 dependent on the stability of an underlying layer of aminopropyltriethoxysiloxane, on the type of solvent used in biotinylation itself, and on subsequent protein adsorption to and/or rinsing of the biotinylated surface.  In covalent attachment studies, we use small molecules in lieu of protein to characterize amine and sulfhydryl chemical bonding to maleimide-terminated surfaces and using infrared polarization techniques, we find that molecular orientation may be restricted upon covalent attachment.  Ellipsometry is used in conjuction with infrared absorption area measurements to determine the relative composition of silane and maleimide prior to attachment of protein.Additionally, fluorescence measurements of labeled protein are used to quantify protein desorption by surface acoustic wave streaming (SAWS).  These measurements are correlated with power dose of SAWS operation.  In all, these surface characterization methods are found to successfully monitor chemical and biomolecular layer formation and change under a variety of conditions.
title: Method and apparatus for processing both still and moving visual pattern images
Creators: name: Chen, Dapang
name: Bovik, Alan C.
Publisher: name: United States Patent and Trademark Office
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: H04N19/94
subject: H04N19/98
subject: H04N19/13
subject: H04N19/60
subject: H04N19/91
subject: 375/240.1
subject: 375/E7.205
subject: 375/E7.209
subject: 382/239
subject: 382/240
subject: 382/266

description: An improved method for coding and decoding still or moving visual pattern images by partitioning images into blocks or cubes, respectively, and coding each image separately according to visually significant responses of the human eye. Coding is achieved by calculating and subtracting a mean intensity value from digital numbers within each block or cube and detecting visually perceivable edge locations within the resultant residual sub-image. If a visually perceivable edge is contained within the block or cube, gradient magnitude and orientation at opposing sides of the edge within each edge block or cube are calculated and appropriately coded. If no perceivable edge is contained within the block or cube, the sub-image is coded as a uniform intensity block. Decoding requires receiving coded mean intensity value, gradient magnitude and pattern code, and then decoding a combination of these three indicia to be arranged in an orientation substantially similar to the original digital image or original sequence of digital images. Coding and decoding can be accomplished in a hierarchical pattern. Further, hierarchical processing can be programmably manipulated according to user-defined criteria.
Essays on Bayesian analysis of financial economics
Creators: name: Li, Liuling
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2009

description: This dissertation consists of three essays with each essay forming a chapter. The regression models in these three chapters are different but share the same feature: the error terms of the models all follow ARMA-GARCH error processes generated either from normal or exponential power distributions.In the first chapter I present a spot asset pricing model that is known as the CKLS model. Two CKLS models are compared. In one model the ARMA-GARCH error process is generated by the exponential power distribution while in the other model the error process is generated by the normal distribution. Using monthly U.S. federal funds rate I estimate the parameters of the CKLS models. From the predictive densities I obtain the distributions of the mean squared errors of forecast (MSEF) and the predictive deviance information criterion (PDIC). In addition I use the Bayes factor and the deviance information criterion (DIC). Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms, which are stochastic numerical integration methods, are used. I find that in general the CKLS model with the error term generated by the exponential power distribution is chosen over the model with the normal error term.In the second chapter I first compare two MCMC algorithms: random walk draw and non-random walk draw for a Markov switching regression model. Two Markov switching models are compared: one with the variance of the normal distribution generated by the state space variable and the other with the constant variance. The realized volatilities of MMM Company are used to estimate and compare the models. The mean squared errors (MSE) and mean squared errors of forecast (MSEF) are used as the model selection criteria. I find that the model with the constant variance is chosen over the model with the state space variance by the MSE but the latter is chosen over the former by the MSEF.In the third chapter I estimate a bivariate copula model. Each of the two regressions is generated by the exponential power distribution. I use monthly data on SP500 and FTSE100. Results show that the correlation parameter for SP500 and FTSE100 is .6893.
Essays on Bayesian inference in financial economics
Creators: name: Liu, Xianghua
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2009

description: This dissertation consists of three essays on Bayesian inference in financial economics. The first essay explores the impact of discretization errors on the parametric estimation of continuous-time financial models. Euler and other discretization schemes cause discretization errors in solving stochastic differential equations. The empirical impact of these discretization errors on estimating two continuous-time financial models is investigated by using Monte Carlo experiments to compare the "exact" estimator and "Euler" estimator for the Euler scheme. The primary finding is that reducing the discretization interval to reduce the discretization error does not necessarily improve the performance of the estimators. This implies that discretization schemes may yield reliable results when the sampling interval is regularly small and shortening the discretization intervals or using data augmentation techniques may be redundant in practice. The second essay examines the identification problem in state-space models under the Bayesian framework. Underidentifiability causes no real difficulty in the Bayesian approach in that a legitimate posterior distribution might be achieved for unidentified parameters when appropriate priors are imposed. When estimating unidentified parameters, Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms may yield misleading results even if the algorithms seem to converge successfully. In addition, the identification problem does really not matter when the prediction of state-space models instead of parameter estimation is concerned. The third essay extensively studies credit risk models using Bayesian inference. Bayesian inference is conducted and Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms are developed for three popular credit risk models. Empirical results show that these three models in which the same PD (probability of default) can be estimated using different information may yield quite different results. Motivated by the empirical results about credit risk model uncertainty, I propose a "combined" Bayesian estimation method to incorporate information from different datasets and model structure for estimating the PD. This new approach provides an insight in dealing with two practical problems, model uncertainty and data insufficiency, in credit risk management.
Additional file 3: Table S3. of The association between high birth weight and the risks of childhood CNS tumors and leukemia: an analysis of a US case-control study in an epidemiological database
Creators: name: Tran, Long
name: Lai, Hang
name: Chihaya Koriyama
name: Uwatoko, Futoshi
name: Suminori Akiba
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: The association between birth weight and leukemia risk among children with gestational age of 37â  42Â weeks. When compared to the results in Table 3, the ORs and 95%CIs for high or low BW did not change appreciably. (DOCX 23Â kb)
The art of connection
Creators: name: Mahoney, Dillon
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2009

description: How does the social and economic context in which new communication technologies are introduced shape the ways small-scale traders understand, gain access to, and use them?  How does the digital divide in access to communication technologies reproduce or counter pre-existing inequalities?  This dissertation is based on 26 months of participant observation in Kenya since 2001, when I investigated the competition and economic precariousness found among art traders, exporters, and art-producing organizations and cooperatives.  In this dissertation I focus on the recent effects of cell phones and the internet.  To clarify the contemporary importance of mobile communication technologies for Kenyans working in the shadow of the coastal tourism industry, I discuss the history of social inequality in Mombasa, the consolidation of curio art traders and cooperatives in the port city, and Kenya's political economy of ICT access.  Following the removal of the roadside kiosks housing my initial sample of 2001, I investigated the strategies of small-scale art vendors as they struggled to survive economic change.  This dissertation captures the story of the rise of the cell phone entrepreneur and the related decline of the cooperative societies around which Kenya's curio industry had long been structured.  For economically disadvantaged actors, cell phones and email have become important for negotiating disparities in access not only to technologies, but also to jobs, capital, personal networks, and political representation.   I argue that when state policy is not conducive to the formalization, legalization, and development of small-scale traders, ICTs can heighten social insecurity and economic precariousness among these businesspeople.  Because the responsibility to manage risk has been abandoned by the Kenyan state and left to individual citizens and informal social and ethnic networks, the story of the digital divide among my research participants became one of ups and downs, repeated connection and disconnection, and intense competition.  I demonstrate how the use of ICTs has left its mark on the individual men and women who drive Mombasa's curio industry, as well as the art itself.
Allopyge undulatus Canavan 1934
Creators: name: Dronen, Norman O.
name: Blend, Charles K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Trematoda
Plagiorchiida
Cyclocoelidae
Allopyge
Allopyge undulatus

description: A. undulatus Canavan, 1934
Type host. Lilford’s crane, Megalornis grus lilfordi Müller (Gruiformes: Gruidae).
Type locality. Canavan (1934) gave two localities for this host: Eastern Siberia, Russian Federation; northwestern India; specific type locality unknown.
Remarks. Canavan (1934) provided an incomplete description and a low resolution photograph of this species in which he provided only measurements of the body length and width. It was transferred to Morishitium by Yamaguti (1958). It was considered to be Pseudhyptiasmus undulatus (Canavan, 1934) by Dollfus (1948). Note that in his comparison of this species to A. adolphi, Canavan (1934) indicated that the genital pore of A. adolphi was prepharyngeal, but in the original description of A. adolphi by Stossich (1902) it was described as being postpharyngeal. Rudimentary oral sucker present—Canavan (1934).
description: Published as part of Dronen, Norman O. & Blend, Charles K., 2015, Updated keys to the genera in the subfamilies of Cyclocoelidae Stossich, 1902, including a reconsideration of species assignments, species keys and the proposal of a new genus in Szidatitreminae Dronen, 2007, pp. 1-100 in Zootaxa 4053 (1) on pages 69-70, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/237117
Influence of postoperative D-dimer evaluation and intraoperative use of intermittent pneumatic vein compression (IPC) on detection and development of perioperative venous thromboembolism in brain tumor surgery
Creators: name: Zimmer, Katharina
name: Scheer, Maximilian
name: Scheller, Christian
name: Leisz, Sandra
name: Strauss, Christian
name: Taute, Bettina-Maria
name: Mühlenweg, Martin
name: Prell, Julian Konrad Theodor
name: Simmermacher, Sebastian
name: Rampp, Stefan
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Background Objective: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a common complication in craniotomy patients and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The duration of surgery is a known risk factor. Other factors such as positioning and tumor entity have hardly been investigated or are controversial. In two pilot studies, the determination of plasma D-dimer concentration led to a high detection rate of DVT, while the use of intermittent pneumatic venous compression (IPC) drastically reduced the incidence of VTE. In the present study we investigated the efficacy of the two approaches, either alone or in combination, in a large patient cohort. Methods: 1759 patients who underwent elective craniotomy between 2009 and 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The staggered use of D-dimer determination and intraoperative use of IPC resulted in 3 groups: Group 1: no procedure; Group 2: D-dimer evaluation; Group 3: IPC and D-dimer evaluation. If the D-dimer level was ≥ 2 mg/l (Fibrinogen equivalent units; FEU), venous ultrasound was performed. Age, gender, tumor entity, duration and extent of surgery, patient positioning, type of VTE were also recorded and analyzed. Results: The introduction of postoperative D-dimer evaluation increased the rate of detection of thrombosis from 1.7% in group 1 to 22.6% in group 2. The addition of IPC reduced the rate of thrombosis to 4.4%. Age, gender and patient positioning did not affect the rate of VTE. We were able to confirm the duration of surgery as an individual risk factor and showed that WHO grade 4 tumors and metastasis have an increased VTE risk. Conclusions: If D-Dimer levels are not analyzed routinely about 20% of craniotomy patients suffer from a clinically silent thrombosis. Each with the risk of fate PE. Intraoperative use of IPC during craniotomy dramatically reduces the risk of VTE.
The politics of pity in eighteenth-century fiction
Creators: name: Loewen-Schmidt, Chadley James
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2009

description: While pity had been seen traditionally as an untrustworthy rhetorical effect, beginning in the late seventeenth century, it is celebrated as a powerful and authenticating affect. My dissertation examines the historical rationale for the "rise" of pity in the eighteenth century and the ways in which its new sociopolitical status inspires formal innovation and alternative visions of ethical communion in contemporary literature. Anxious about change but eager to develop a vision of human nature and social coherence antithetical to the Hobbesean version, a growing number of writers made pity both the highest moral value and the central telos of aesthetic experience. Pity's defenders came to see in pity a providentially designed reflex built into the human body, a natural law of commonality, like gravity, that could draw otherwise hierarchically differentiated and self-interested individuals into a unified field of intimacy and social consensus. Pity, many felt, could transform suffering into a vehicle of spiritual reformation, social communion, and private moral orientation in a time of rapid change. As the century progressed, an increasing effort to define its parameters suggests that pity had become a dangerously flexible category. Recent critical efforts have typically treated eighteenth-century pity as having one of what I argue are a multitude of competing political and aesthetic functions: as a dubious vehicle of bourgeois ideology, for example, or as a support or mask for traditional hierarchies, or, alternately, as a positive Enlightenment ideal capable of effecting a new kind of relationship between equality and freedom. At the crossroads of progressive and conservative ideologies, pity provides literary history with an index of alternative visions of social order. My project begins by tracing a history of pity from Aristotle to Hobbes, including a discussion of the conditions that led to its unprecedented moral status in the eighteenth century. I then turn to argue, through a close analysis of works by Samuel Richardson, Henry Mackenzie, and William Wordsworth, that each author creates an aesthetic specific to his own aims, thereby reconstructing the category of pity for diverse political and literary ends.
The impact of MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) terms on information seeking effectiveness
Creators: name: Liu, Ying-Hsang
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2009

description: To what extent do MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) terms improve search effectiveness of different kinds of users?  We observed four different kinds of searchers using an experimental information retrieval (IR) system: (1) search novices; (2) domain experts; (3) search experts and (4) medical librarians. The information needs were a subset of the relatively difficult topics originally created for the Text REtrieval Conference (TREC). By experimental design, we used 20 search topics in an IR user experiment to alleviate search topic variability. Effectiveness of retrieval was based on the relevance judgments set provided by TREC. Thirty-two participants searched either using a version of the system in which abstracts and MeSH terms were displayed or another version in which they had to formulate their own terms based only on the display of abstracts. We found that MeSH terms were more useful for domain experts than for search experts in terms of the precision measure, even though domain experts did not perceive that MeSH terms were useful. We speculate that because of the technical topics, only the domain experts had the knowledge to understand and therefore make use of the MeSH terms. The primary contributions of this research are: (1) assessment of relative impact of searchers characteristics of domain knowledge and search training on search effectiveness and (2) design and methodology for assessing the usefulness of controlled vocabulary. The effort to create MeSH terms is worthwhile for domain experts' searches on technical topics.
Cyclocoelum bivesiculatum Prudhoe 1944
Creators: name: Dronen, Norman O.
name: Blend, Charles K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Trematoda
Plagiorchiida
Cyclocoelidae
Cyclocoelum
Cyclocoelum bivesiculatum

description: M. bivesiculatum (Prudhoe, 1944)
Type host. Brown-headed or Ceylon or large green barbet, Megalaima zeylanica (Gmelin) (Syn. Cyanops zeylonica [Gmelin]) (Piciformes: Megalaimidae); given as Thereiceryx zeylanicus (Gmelin) by Prudhoe (1944).
Type locality. Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (formerly Ceylon); specific type location unknown.
Additional host. Common blackbird, Turdus merula Linnaeus (Syn. Merula merula Linnaeus) (Passeriformes: Turdidae)— Pavlovskaya (1962).
Additional locality. USSR (CIS)— Pavlovskaya (1962).
Remarks. This species was originally described as Cyclocoelum bivesiculatum Prudhoe, 1944. It was considered to be a synonym of Cyclocoelum obscurum (Leidy, 1887) by Macko (1964) and transferred to Morishitium by Yamaguti (1958). This species originally was described from a barbet in Sri Lanka, and beyond egg size and some subtle differences in the anterior extent of the vitelline fields, it is difficult to distinguish this species from Morishitium polonicum (Machalska, 1980) n. comb., which was originally reported from a thrush in Poland. Morishitium polonicum n. comb. may be synonymous with M. bivesiculatum. Rudimentary oral sucker present— Prudhoe (1944); Bashkirova (1950).
description: Published as part of Dronen, Norman O. & Blend, Charles K., 2015, Updated keys to the genera in the subfamilies of Cyclocoelidae Stossich, 1902, including a reconsideration of species assignments, species keys and the proposal of a new genus in Szidatitreminae Dronen, 2007, pp. 1-100 in Zootaxa 4053 (1) on pages 70-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/237117
Lebertia sefvei Walter 1911
Creators: name: Martin, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Lebertiidae
Lebertia
Lebertia sefvei

description: Lebertia sefvei Walter, 1911
Records (Table 2): Benthos samples at two spring sites in Ösling, 4 individuals (Gerecke et al. 2005). E3 73 larvae, E5 28 larvae, parasitic on chironomids. Attribution by comparison with Martin (2003).
Descriptions of larvae (Fig. 40): Martin (2003).
Diagnostic characters of larvae: Shape of Expp (rhomboid), setae V1­V3 pinnate, Dp relatively small.
description: Published as part of Martin, Peter, 2006, On the morphology and classification of larval water mites (Hydrachnidia, Acari) from springs in Luxembourg, pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 1138 on page 24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.172007
Cyclocoelum nebularium Khan 1935, n. comb.
Creators: name: Dronen, Norman O.
name: Blend, Charles K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Trematoda
Plagiorchiida
Cyclocoelidae
Cyclocoelum
Cyclocoelum nebularium

description: H. nebularium (Khan, 1935) n. comb.
Type host. Common greenshank, Tringa nebularia (Gunnerus) (Syn. Glottis nebularia Gunnerus) (Charadriiformes: Scolopacidae).
Type locality. Allahabad, Allahabad District, India.
Remarks. Originally described as Cyclocoelum nebularium Khan, 1935, this species was transferred to Corpopyrum (= Haematotrephus) by Yamaguti (1958). It was considered to be a synonym of Cyclocoelum (Haematotrephus) kossacki (Witenberg, 1923) (= H. kossacki [Witenberg, 1923] n. comb.) by Dubois (1965). The pretesticular ovary forms a triangle with the testes (Haematotrephinae), the genital pore is postpharyngeal (see Fig. 1 of the original description), and the vitelline fields were described as being confluent except for in one specimen where they were not confluent (Khan 1935). As previously mentioned, the posterior confluence of the vitelline fields is often hidden in cyclocoelids by the egg-laden uterus and cyclocoel, but it is also possible that more than one species was used in the original description of this species. Braun (1901) mistakenly considered the pharynx to be the oral sucker in cyclocoelids—Harrah (1922) and Khan (1935). No oral or ventral suckers described—Khan (1935); Harrah (1922) and Bashkirova (1950).
description: Published as part of Dronen, Norman O. & Blend, Charles K., 2015, Updated keys to the genera in the subfamilies of Cyclocoelidae Stossich, 1902, including a reconsideration of species assignments, species keys and the proposal of a new genus in Szidatitreminae Dronen, 2007, pp. 1-100 in Zootaxa 4053 (1) on page 56, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/237117
Rental and sale prices of agricultural lands under spatial competition
Creators: name: Graubner, Marten
name: Hüttel, Silke
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 550

description: Much of the land economics literature has largely ignored the spatial nature of competition and related differences between farmland rental and sales markets when assessing return rates from farming, the capitalization of agricultural, environmental and energy policy into land values, and climate change impacts. We propose a model for price formation in both markets under a spatial competition framework. We demonstrate that price formation differs, particularly under policy-induced output price shocks.We suggest that using the rent-price ratio as an approximation for expectations in the net returns of farming, based on the net present value model, may produce biased results. In consequence, studies relying on land prices need to control for local land competition, farming structure, and policies.
IL21R hypomethylation as a biomarker for distinguishing benign and malignant breast tumours
Creators: name: Zang, Zishan
name: Yin, Yifei
name: Liu, Chunlan
name: Zhu, Qiang
name: Huang, Xuandong
name: Li, Hong
name: Yang, Rongxi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Some benign and malignant breast tumours are similar in pathological morphology, which are difficult to be distinguished in clinical diagnosis. In this study, we intended to explore novel biomarkers for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast tumours. Methylation EPIC 850K beadchip and RNA-sequencing were used to analyse 29 tissue samples from patients with early-stage breast cancer (BC) and benign breast tumours for differently methylated and expressed genes. The altered methylation of IL21R was semi-quantitatively validated in an independent study with 566 tissue samples (279 BC vs. 287 benign breast tumours) using mass spectrometry. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between IL21R methylation and BC. BC-associated IL21R hypomethylation and overexpression were identified in the discovery round. In the validation round, BC patients presented significant IL21R hypomethylation compared to women with benign breast tumours (ORs ≥1.29 per-10% methylation, p-values ≤ 5.69E–14), and this hypomethylation was even enhanced in BC patients with ER-negative and PR-negative tumours as well as with triple-negative tumours. The methylation of IL21R showed efficient discriminatory power to distinguish benign breast tumours from BC (area under curve (AUC) = 0.88), and especially from ER-negative BC (AUC = 0.95), PR-negative BC (AUC = 0.93) and triple-negative BC (AUC = 0.96). We disclosed significant IL21R hypomethylation in patients with BC compared to women with benign breast tumours, and revealed the somatic change of DNA methylation could be a potential biomarker for molecular pathology of BC.
title: Generation of multi-phase multiple-order harmonics of a fundamental frequency source with adjustable phase angle capability
Creators: name: Hsu, John S.
name: Amin, Amr M.
Publisher: name: United States Patent and Trademark Office
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: G05D19/00
subject: H02P7/00
subject: 318/807
subject: 318/809

description: Improved techniques and circuit arrangements are provided for generating gating signals for firing the switching devices of an inverter circuit or like power electronics generator to generate harmonics of a fundamental frequency source and for providing an adjustable phase offset between the harmonic and the fundamental signals. According to a line-frequency signal modification method, a set of line-frequency sine wave signals disposed at equidistant phase angles are generated from a multi-phase fundamental input voltage. Firing pulses are produced from the line-frequency signals by accurately detecting the points of zero-crossings for the signals and subsequently detecting the overlapping segments of similar polarity between successive line-frequency signals. Two different schemes for conveniently generating the required line-frequency sine wave signals are present. According to a digital technique, a series of logic counters are used to generate the required M-phase, Nth-order harmonic gate timing signals. A first counter is used to generate a train of a predefined number of equidistant pulses corresponding to N and M, per fundamental line frequency cycle. A second counter is provided for generating a phase-delayed signal for adjusting the phase angle of the gate timing signals with respect to the line-frequency signal. A third counter is provided for distributing the train of pulses among the plurality of switches of the harmonic generator. The arrangement is such that the train of pulses generated by the first counter is locked to the phase-delayed signal generated by the second counter.
Instrumental and sensory characteristics of selected nutritionally improved school foods
Creators: name: Mandeville, Alyson
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2009

description: Childhood obesity is a growing problem in the United States. Recently enacted Federal and State regulations require school foods to be improved nutritionally. The objective of this study was to determine quality of selected newly developed school foods using instrumental and sensory methods. From the National School Lunch Program reimbursable meals chicken nuggets, macaroni and cheese, and pierogies were selected. From the Competitive Foods apple snacks were used. Surface color parameters (L, a*, and b*) were determined by colorimeter and digital camera. A texture analyzer (TA-xT2i) was used to measure texture specific to each product. Sensory Quantitative Descriptive analysis was used to evaluate six to eight sensory attributes per product. The results were compared with similar traditional products. Chicken nuggets with whole grain breading were darker red (L 132.43 and a* 147.96) and coarser, while home style were more yellow (b* 188.44) with firmer breading (407.59 g) and original variety was less yellow and red (b* 182.69 and a* 138.01) with softer meat texture (462.26 g/cm). Macaroni and cheese with 26% reduced fat was significantly saltier and less viscous than original (1486.21 g), however not significantly different in color, cheese aroma, or sweetness. Pierogies with 70% more protein per serving were significantly different with a firmer, grainier filling and darker surface color with values of L 59.14 and b* 14.98 and peak force of filling 7968.9 g. Freeze dried enriched apple snacks were significantly lighter in color, more red (L 170.13 and a* 137.71), firmer texture with average 2821.24 g peak force, more sour, bitter and had a rougher surface texture than air-dried apple snacks. Instrumental color, texture, and sensory characteristics of nutritionally improved products differed significantly from the similar traditional products. Additional efforts of processors will be necessary to prepare nutritionally improved products with high children's acceptability.
Lebertia stigmatifera Thor 1900
Creators: name: Martin, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Lebertiidae
Lebertia
Lebertia stigmatifera

description: Lebertia stigmatifera Thor, 1900
Records (Table 2): Benthos samples at one spring site in Ösling, 1 individual (Gerecke et al. 2005). No larvae found in traps.
Descriptions of larvae (Figs. 38, 39): Lundblad (1924), Martin (2000). Diagnostic characters of larvae: Shape of Expp (rhomboid), setae V1­V3 smooth, Dp relatively wide.
description: Published as part of Martin, Peter, 2006, On the morphology and classification of larval water mites (Hydrachnidia, Acari) from springs in Luxembourg, pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 1138 on pages 25-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.172007
Aristoxenus Elements of rhythm
Creators: name: Marchetti, Christopher C.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2009

description: Aristoxenus of Tarentum makes productive use of Aristotelian concepts and methods in developing his theory of musical rhythm in his treatise Elements of Rhythm.  He applies the Aristotelian distinction between form and material and the concept of hypothetical necessity to provide an explanation for why musical rhythm is manifested in the syllables of song, the notes of melody, and the steps of dance.  He applies the method of formulating differentiae, as described in Aristotle's Parts of Animals, to codify the formal properties of rhythm.Aristoxenus' description of the rhythmic foot presents several interpretive challenges.  Our text is fragmentary, and we lack Aristoxenus' definitions of several key terms.  This study seeks to establish the meanings of these terms on the basis of a close examination of the structure of Aristoxenus' argument.  Parallel passages in Aristides Quintilianus' On Music are considered in detail for their consistency or lack thereof with Aristoxenian usage.  Parallel passages in POxy 2687 are cited as illustrations for several rhythmic constructions and principles Aristoxenus mentions; because these involve original interpretations of some points in POxy 2687, they are supported by a thorough presentation of POxy 2687 in a separate chapter. One central conclusion of this study is that Aristoxenus viewed rhythmic feet as musical functions, analogous to the theory of melodic functions he had presented in his Elements of Harmony.  Only limited conclusions about the applicability of Aristoxenus' theory to the history of ancient Greek music can be justified.  While some of the extant remains of Greek music are in accord with Aristoxenian theory, others contradict it.  Much of ancient poetry is more rhythmically complex than what is presented in our text of E.R., but regular poetic forms such as the anapestic dimeter and the stately rhythms of religious hymns may have provided the original starting points for subsequent rhythmic developments Aristoxenus seeks to explain.
Ways of knowing
Creators: name: Marlor, Chantelle
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2009

description: This dissertation is an exploration of the various ways in which knowledge practitioners come to know about a subject.  Using four case studies of marine experts--government-based invertebrate biologists, a university-based team of contaminant ecologists, Kwakiutl (or Kwakwaka'wakw) First Nations (Native American) clam diggers, and Nuu Chah Nulth First Nations clam diggers--I explore the processes and practices by which these practitioners produced knowledge about clams.  The case studies are based on ethnographic research I conducted between 2003 and 2005.  Drawing on tenets espoused by the Strong Programme in the Sociology of Science, I use a balanced (symmetrical) framework to compare the 4 sets of knowledge practitioners' social relations with their peers, the signs they use as evidence, the methods by which they order and summarize observations, their relationship to what they come to know, their interests, and the assumptions they make when drawing inferences.  My theoretical arguments build on literature drawn from a wide spectrum including works from the sociology of science, sociology of culture and cognition, cognitive anthropology, cognitive psychology, and human ecology.  Themes running throughout the dissertation include standardization, precision, the situated body and cognition, community, temporality, and multiplicity.