cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Formation of Wenzhou Footwear Clusters: How Were the Entry Barriers Overcome?
Creators: name: Huang, Zuhui
name: Zhang, Xiaobo
name: Zhu, Yunwei
name: Huang, Zuhui
name: Zhang, Xiaobo
name: Zhu, Yunwei
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Wenzhou used to be one of the poorest regions in eastern China. With limited arable land, poor road access to major cities, and little support from the government, it seemed to lack all the necessary conditions for economic growth according to the standard textbook. However, over the past several decades, Wenzhou has achieved one of the fastest growing rates and owned the most dynamic private sector in China. The footwear industry in particular has grown from a negligible place to the largest market share and has formed one of the largest industry clusters in China. Therefore, the footwear industry provides us with a good example to unde rstand the driving forces behind the dramatic rural industrial growth. For this study, we undertake a survey on about 140 enterprises at different scales in Wenzhou. The survey enables us to examine how the start -up capital, credit, technology, and institutional barriers have been overcome in the formation process.
Additional file 2 of Defining Kawasaki disease and pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome-temporally associated to SARS-CoV-2 infection during SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Italy: results from a national, multicenter survey
Creators: name: Cattalini, Marco
name: Paolera, Sara Della
name: Zunica, Fiammetta
name: Bracaglia, Claudia
name: Giangreco, Manuela
name: Verdoni, Lucio
name: Meini, Antonella
name: Sottile, Rita
name: Caorsi, Roberta
name: Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo
name: Fabi, Marianna
name: Montin, Davide
name: Meneghel, Alessandra
name: Consolaro, Alessandro
name: Dellepiane, Rosa Maria
name: Maggio, Maria Cristina
name: Torre, Francesco La
name: Marchesi, Alessandra
name: Simonini, Gabriele
name: Villani, Alberto
name: Cimaz, Rolando
name: Ravelli, Angelo
name: Taddio, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Appendix 2. Clinical comparison between Kawasaki Disease patients seen during SARS-CoV-2 epidemic and a Historical Cohort of Kawasaki Disease Patients.
S2 Figure. Late Silurian zircon U–Pb ages from the Ludlow and Downton Bone Beds, Welsh Basin, UK
Creators: name: Catlos, Elizabeth J.
name: Mark, Darren F.
name: Suarez, Stephanie
name: Brookfield, Michael E.
name: C. Giles Miller
name: Schmitt, Axel K.
name: Gallagher, Vincent
name: Kelly, Anne
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: S2 Figure. CA–ID–TIMS U–Pb age data (Concordia and weighted mean plots) calculated using constant U/Th(magma) 3.6±1.
Determination of the spin-dependent potentials with the multi-level algorithm
Creators: name: Koma, Miho
name: Koma, Yoshiaki
name: Wittig, Hartmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-dependent corrections to the static interquark potential are relevant to describing the fine and hyper-fine splittings of the heavy quarkonium spectra. We investigate these corrections in SU(3) lattice gauge theory with the Polyakov loop correlation function as the quark source by applying the multi-level algorithm. We observe remarkably clean signals for the spin-dependent potentials up to intermediate distances.
description: 6 pages, Talk presented at Lattice 2005 (Heavy quark physics)
Additional file 5 of Defining Kawasaki disease and pediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome-temporally associated to SARS-CoV-2 infection during SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Italy: results from a national, multicenter survey
Creators: name: Cattalini, Marco
name: Paolera, Sara Della
name: Zunica, Fiammetta
name: Bracaglia, Claudia
name: Giangreco, Manuela
name: Verdoni, Lucio
name: Meini, Antonella
name: Sottile, Rita
name: Caorsi, Roberta
name: Zuccotti, Gianvincenzo
name: Fabi, Marianna
name: Montin, Davide
name: Meneghel, Alessandra
name: Consolaro, Alessandro
name: Dellepiane, Rosa Maria
name: Maggio, Maria Cristina
name: Torre, Francesco La
name: Marchesi, Alessandra
name: Simonini, Gabriele
name: Villani, Alberto
name: Cimaz, Rolando
name: Ravelli, Angelo
name: Taddio, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Appendix 5. Comparison of laboratory tests between Kawasaki Disease patients seen during SARS-CoV-2 in high epidemic regions (Piedmont and Lombardy) and Kawasaki Disease Patients in low epidemic regions.
Measuring Part-Whole Bias: Some Evidence from Crop Biotechnology
Creators: name: Marra, Michele C.
name: Piggott, Nicholas E.
name: Marra, Michele C.
name: Piggott, Nicholas E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: We analyze the non-pecuniary aspects of some crop biotechnologies taken from three farm-level surveys. We focus particularly on the phenomen on of part-whole bias, which is the empirical finding that the sum of the stated part-worths (the value of each nonpecuniary characteristic) is greater than the stated total value of all the non-pecuniary characteristics. We analyze the empirical evidence of part-whole bias in the surveys, while decomposing it to further understand the phenomenon and to rescale the stated values of the non-pecuniary characteristics in the surveys. We find for all three surveys that the degree to which part-worths should be rescaled is about 60 percent.
Near-threshold $K^*(892)^+$ meson production in the interaction of $π^-$ mesons with nuclei
Creators: name: Paryev, E. Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the inclusive strange vector meson $K^*(892)^+$ production in ${π^-}A$ reactions at near-threshold laboratory incident pion momenta of 1.4--2.0 GeV/c within a nuclear spectral function approach. The approach accounts for incoherent primary $π^-$ meson--proton ${π^-}p \to {K^*(892)^+}Σ^-$ production processes as well as the influence of the scalar $K^*(892)^+$--nucleus potential (or the $K^*(892)^+$ in-medium mass shift) on these processes. We calculate the absolute differential and total cross sections for the production of $K^*(892)^+$ mesons off carbon and tungsten nuclei at laboratory angles of 0$^{\circ}$--45$^{\circ}$ and at these momenta within five scenarios for the above shift. We show that the $K^*(892)^+$ momentum distributions and their excitation functions (absolute and relative) possess a high sensitivity to changes in the in-medium $K^*(892)^+$ mass shift in the low-momentum region of 0.1--0.6 GeV/c. Therefore, the measurement of such observables in a dedicated experiment at the GSI pion beam facility in the near-threshold momentum domain will allow to get valuable information on the $K^*(892)^+$ in-medium properties.
description: 16 pages, will be published in Chinese Physics C. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1910.02755
Orphans and Discrimination in Mozambique: An Outlay Equivalence Analysis
Creators: name: Nhate, Virgulino
name: Ardnt, C.
name: Van Den Broeck, K.
name: Nhate, Virgulino
name: Ardnt, C.
name: Van Den Broeck, K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: The present study employs Deaton's outlay equivalence approach to analyze potential discrimination in resource allocation within households against children who are not the biological descendant of the household head in Mozambique. High HIV prevalence in Mozambique motivates the study. The projected 800,000 AIDS related adult deaths over the period 2004-2010 will leave significant numbers of orphans in their wake. Of these, many will reside in families where the household head is not their biological parent. Results point to discrimination in the intra-household allocation of resources against children that are not direct biological descendants of the household head in poor households. This discrimination is identified at the national, rural, and urban levels. In non-poor households, resource allocations between biological and non-biological children do not differ significantly.
S1 Figure. Late Silurian zircon U–Pb ages from the Ludlow and Downton Bone Beds, Welsh Basin, UK
Creators: name: Catlos, Elizabeth J.
name: Mark, Darren F.
name: Suarez, Stephanie
name: Brookfield, Michael E.
name: C. Giles Miller
name: Schmitt, Axel K.
name: Gallagher, Vincent
name: Kelly, Anne
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: S1 Figure. Calibration curves (UO2+/U+) v. (Pb/U) Relative Sensitivity Factor for AS3 standards sputtered over sessions 1 and 2. See the manuscript text for details regarding the calibration. Straight lines outline the ±1σ regression.
Nachruf auf Prof. Dr. phil. P. Michel van Esbroeck S.J.
Creators: name: Kaufhold, Hubert
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 88 (2004): Oriens christianus, Band 88
Additional file 1 of Deregulation of angiopoietin-like 4 slows ovarian cancer progression through vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 phosphorylation
Creators: name: Yuxian Wu
name: Jinghai Gao
name: Liu, Xiaojun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. a Western blotting and statistical graphic for ANGPTL4 in ovarian tumors of WT, VEGFR2Y949F/Y949F (Y949F), MISIIR-TAg WT (TAg-WT), and MISIIR-TAg Y949F (TAg-Y949F) mice transfected with siANG or Scrambled siRNA control to testify the ANGPTL4 inhibition, n=3 independent experiments per group. NOTE: WT and Y949F groups in Fig.6 correspond to TAg-WT and TAg-Y949F mice. b qRT-PCR to verify the ANGPTL4 mRNA expression in ovarian tumors of transgenic mice, n=3 independent experiments per group. c Western blotting and VEGFR2 pY949 expression normalized to VEGFR2 or GAPDH in ovarian tumors of transfected transgenic mice to confirm the inactivation of VEGFR2 at Y949, n=3 independent experiments per group. d A representative image of reproductive tract of MISIIR-TAg mouse exhibiting bilateral ovarian tumors. Arrowheads indicate ovarian tumors. Scale bar: 0.5 cm. ***p < 0.001 with indicated groups. Data were presented as mean ± SEM. siANG, small interfering RNA targeting ANGPTL4. Fig. S2. No difference in tumor growth was observed in WT and VEGFR2 Y949F/Y949F mice with control vehicle treatment. a Experimental strategy. TAg-WT (WT) and TAg-VEGFR2Y949F/Y949F (Y949F) mice were constructed and pups were evaluated for sex, and tail tips were acquired from female mice for genotyping. On postnatal day (pnd) 28, mice were injected with control lentiviruses into their ovaries. On pnd 56, mice were sacrificed for further analysis. b Ovarian tumor volumes in WT-Ctl and Y949F-Ctl mice on pnd 56, n=9-10 mice per genotype. c Tumor diameter distribution (1-5 mm and >5 mm) on pnd 56, n=9-10 mice per genotype. d Immunofluorescent staining and statistical graphic of VE-cadherin in WT-Ctl and Y949F-Ctl tumors, n=4 tumors per genotype. Scale bar: 50 μm. e Western blotting for VE-cadherin and GAPDH in WT-Ctl and Y949F-Ctl tumors, n=4 tumors per genotype. f Western blotting for slug, snail, and GAPDH in WT-Ctl and Y949F-Ctl tumors, n=4 tumors per genotype. ns indicates no significance. Data were presented as mean ± SEM. Table S1. Primer sequences used for PCR and siRNA sequences.
Correlation analysis of chlorogenic acid and luteoloside biosyntheses with transcription levels of HQTs and FNSs in Lonicera species
Creators: name: Yue, Xiaochen
name: Gu, Dingze
name: Geng, Xiaodie
name: Wu, Shumian
name: Xian, Yuting
name: Kong, Dexin
name: Wu, Hong
name: Li, Yanqun
name: He, Hanjun
Publisher: name: Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality
Year: 2021

description: Organic acids and flavonoids are the main active components in Lonicera species. Chlorogenic acid and luteoloside are important components, and their synthesis is regulated in plants by the phenyl-propanoid synthesis pathway. Downstream of the phenylpropanoid synthesis pathway, hydroxycinnamoyl CoA quinate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HQT) and flavone synthase (FNS) are critical enzymes that are involved in chlorogenic acid and luteoloside biosynthesis, respectively. In this study, we first determined the dynamic accumulations of chlorogenic acid, luteoloside and other active components in different growth stages of the flower buds of Lonicera fulvotomentosa through HPLC-DAD and then investigated the expressions of the LJHQT and LJFNS gene families by q-RT-PCR. In addition, we also compared the expression levels of HQT and FNS orthologous genes in vari-ous tissues of Lonicera japonica, L. fulvotomentosa, and Lonicera hypoglauca. The results indicated that the chlorogenic acid contents exhibit leaf accumulation that is preferential in L. fulvotomentosa but exhibit bud accumulation that is preferential in L. japonica and L. hypoglauca. The luteoloside contents show preferential leaf accumulation in these three species. Our results suggest that the leaves and buds of these three species are rich in medicinal ingredients, including chlorogenic acid (CGA) and luteoloside, and therefore can be used as a material to extract CGA and luteoloside rather than being wasted. Furthermore, combined with the transcript expression levels of HQTs and FNSs, we explained the species-specific and tissue-specific occurrence of CGA and luteoloside. We analyzed dynamic changes of components and gene expression and demonstrated that the expressions of HQTs and FNSs in these three species are closely related to the synthesis of chlorogenic acid and luteoloside.
description: Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, Vol. 94 (2021): Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality
Multimessenger observations of counterparts to IceCube-190331A
Creators: name: Krauß, Felicia
name: Calamari, Emily
name: Keivani, Azadeh
name: Coleiro, Alexis
name: Evans, Phil A.
name: Fox, Derek B.
name: Kennea, Jamie A.
name: Mészáros, Peter
name: Murase, Kohta
name: Russell, Thomas D.
name: Santander, Marcos
name: Tohuvavohu, Aaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-energy neutrinos are a promising tool for identifying astrophysical sources of high and ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR). Prospects of detecting neutrinos at high energies ($\gtrsim$TeV) from blazars have been boosted after the recent association of IceCube-170922A and TXS 0506+056. We investigate the high-energy neutrino, IceCube-190331A, a high-energy starting event (HESE) with a high likelihood of being astrophysical in origin. We initiated a Swift/XRT and UVOT tiling mosaic of the neutrino localisation, and followed up with ATCA radio observations, compiling a multiwavelength SED for the most likely source of origin. NuSTAR observations of the neutrino location and a nearby X-ray source were also performed. We find two promising counterpart in the 90% confidence localisation region and identify the brightest as the most likely counterpart. However, no Fermi/LAT $γ$-ray source and no prompt Swift/BAT source is consistent with the neutrino event. At this point it is unclear whether any of the counterparts produced IceCube-190331A. We note that the Helix Nebula is also consistent with the position of the neutrino event, and we calculate that associated particle acceleration processes cannot produce the required energies to generate a high-energy HESE neutrino.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication by MNRAS
Non-Integer Quantum Transitions
Creators: name: Zhang, Qi-Ren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that in the quantum transition of a system induced by the interaction with an intense laser of circular frequency $ω$, the energy difference between the initial and the final states of the system is not necessarily being an integer multiple of the quantum energy $\hbarω$.
description: one tex file and four figures
Quantum Error Correction and Fault-Tolerance
Creators: name: Gottesman, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I give an overview of the basic concepts behind quantum error correction and quantum fault tolerance. This includes the quantum error correction conditions, stabilizer codes, CSS codes, transversal gates, fault-tolerant error correction, and the threshold theorem.
description: 8 pages, to appear in Encyclopaedia of Mathematical Physics
The neighborhood complex of a random graph
Creators: name: Kahle, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C80; 05C15,54C15,55S35

description: For a graph G, the neighborhood complex N[G] is the simplicial complex having all subsets of vertices with a common neighbor as its faces. It is a well known result of Lovasz that if N[G] is k-connected, then the chromatic number of G is at least k + 3. We prove that the connectivity of the neighborhood complex of a random graph is tightly concentrated, almost always between 1/2 and 2/3 of the expected clique number. We also show that the number of dimensions of nontrivial homology is almost always small, O(log d), compared to the expected dimension d of the complex itself.
description: 9 pages; stated theorems more clearly and slightly generalized, and fixed one or two typos
A SIR model assumption for the spread of COVID-19 in different communities
Creators: name: Cooper, Ian
name: Mondal, Argha
name: Antonopoulos, Chris G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the effectiveness of the modelling approach on the pandemic due to the spreading of the novel COVID-19 disease and develop a susceptible-infected-removed (SIR) model that provides a theoretical framework to investigate its spread within a community. Here, the model is based upon the well-known susceptible-infected-removed (SIR) model with the difference that a total population is not defined or kept constant per se and the number of susceptible individuals does not decline monotonically. To the contrary, as we show herein, it can be increased in surge periods! In particular, we investigate the time evolution of different populations and monitor diverse significant parameters for the spread of the disease in various communities, represented by countries and the state of Texas in the USA. The SIR model can provide us with insights and predictions of the spread of the virus in communities that the recorded data alone cannot. Our work shows the importance of modelling the spread of COVID-19 by the SIR model that we propose here, as it can help to assess the impact of the disease by offering valuable predictions. Our analysis takes into account data from January to June, 2020, the period that contains the data before and during the implementation of strict and control measures. We propose predictions on various parameters related to the spread of COVID-19 and on the number of susceptible, infected and removed populations until September 2020. By comparing the recorded data with the data from our modelling approaches, we deduce that the spread of COVID-19 can be under control in all communities considered, if proper restrictions and strong policies are implemented to control the infection rates early from the spread of the disease.
description: 18 pages, 17 figures
Wieder eine neue Zeitschrift für das Gebiet des Christlichen Orients
Creators: name: Kaufhold, Hubert
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 88 (2004): Oriens christianus, Band 88
Warm and Cold Molecular Gas in Galaxies
Creators: name: Dale, Daniel A.
name: Sheth, Kartik
name: Helou, George
name: Regan, Michael W.
name: Huttemeister, Susanne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New and archival interferometric 12CO(1->0) datasets from six nearby galaxies are combined with H_2 2.122um and H-alpha maps to explore in detail the interstellar medium in different star-forming galaxies. We investigate the relation between warm (H_2 at T~2000 K) and cold (CO at T~50 K) molecular gas from 100 pc to 2 kpc scales. On these scales, the ratio of warm-to-cold molecular hydrogen correlates with the fnu(60um)/fnu(100um) ratio, a ratio that tracks the star formation activity level. This result also holds for the global properties of galaxies from a much larger sample drawn from the literature. The trend persists for over three orders of magnitude in the mass ratio, regardless of source nuclear activity.
description: 13 pages including 4 figures; accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Data from: Associations of maternal bisphenol urine concentrations during pregnancy with neonatal metabolomic profiles.
Creators: name: Blaauwendraad, Sophie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110107 Metabolic Medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine
subject: 111401 Foetal Development and Medicine

description: Supplementary materials: Associations of maternal bisphenol urine concentrations during pregnancy with neonatal metabolomic profiles.
Additional file 2 of Survey of the triple-mentoring program for students at a religious medical school
Creators: name: Ting-Chun Tseng
name: Tsung-Ying Chen
name: Shao-Yin Chu
name: Hung-Che Wang
name: Ching-Yuan Chang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. The English version of the Role Functions of the Mentoring Program Scale.
A Total Social Factor Productivity Index for the UK Food Chain Post-Farm Gate
Creators: name: Barnes, Andrew Peter
name: McVittie, Alistair
name: Barnes, Andrew Peter
name: McVittie, Alistair
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Food Chain
subject: Total Factor Productivity
subject: Total Social Factor Productivity
subject: Externalities

description: The UK post-farm gate food chain comprises manufacturing, wholesaling , retailing and catering. Current turnover is around £250 billion per annum. Total factor productivity measures the ratio of inputs to outputs. However, most studies have only included the marketable inputs and outputs within the system. Following criticisms of the negative effects of the food chain this paper adopts a n index based approach to measuring Total Social Factor Productivity, which includes the major externalities within the food chain. Generally, whilst TFP growth rates are low over the period 1998-2002, these have reduced even further when negative externalities are included.
Additional file 1 of Survey of the triple-mentoring program for students at a religious medical school
Creators: name: Ting-Chun Tseng
name: Tsung-Ying Chen
name: Shao-Yin Chu
name: Hung-Che Wang
name: Ching-Yuan Chang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. The focus group discussion guide.
Optimal column density measurements from multiband near-infrared observations
Creators: name: Lombardi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider from a general point of view the problem of determining the extinction in dense molecular clouds. We use a rigorous statistical approach to characterize the properties of the most widely used optical and infrared techniques, namely the star count and the color excess methods. We propose a new maximum-likelihood method that takes advantage of both star counts and star colors to provide an optimal estimate of the extinction. Detailed numerical simulations show that our method performs optimally under a wide range of conditions and, in particular, is significantly superior to the standard techniques for clouds with high column-densities and affected by contamination by foreground stars.
description: 20 pages; A&A in press
Developing an Indicator for Environment Improvement Potential in the Agricultural Sector
Creators: name: Hayashi, Takashi
name: Takahashi, Yoshifumi
name: Yamamoto, Mitasu
name: Hayashi, Takashi
name: Takahashi, Yoshifumi
name: Yamamoto, Mitasu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Agriculture and forestry produce various environmental benefits such as CO2 absorption and water storage as well as food and energy crops. Environmental benefits contribute to improving the environment. This means agriculture has the potential to improve the environment. By measuring such potential, we can understand agriculture's affect on the environment. However, both environmental loads and benefits should be taken into account because agriculture produces not only environmental benefits but also environmental loads, and both affect the agricultural potential for improving the environment. Furthermore, as potential cannot be calculated by a single environmental factor, it is necessary to consider various environmental factors in the measurements. Therefore, a new comprehensive indicator is required for understanding the potential to improve the environment. To develop the indicator, the National Accounting Matrix including Environmental Accounts (NAMEA) is applied to manage information concerning economies and environments, and the Ecological Footprint (EF) can also be adapted to integrate individual environmental factors. In this paper, a new indicator is introduced that measures the agricultural sector's potential for improving the environment. A trial estimation of the indicator is done by using a case study from Hokkaido, Japan.
Does Adoption of Improved Maize Varieties Reduce Poverty? Evidence from Kenya
Creators: name: Mwangi, Wilfred
name: Mwabu, Germano
name: Nyangito, Hezron Omare
name: Mwangi, Wilfred
name: Mwabu, Germano
name: Nyangito, Hezron Omare
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: maize adoption
subject: technologies
subject: poverty
subject: policies
subject: Kenya

description: Adoption of technologies that increase farm yields is a prerequisite for poverty alleviation in agrarian societies. However, the link between adoption of improved agricultural technologies and poverty reduction is not well understood or documented. This relationship is explored with an example of improved maize seed adoption in Laikipia and Suba - two rural districts in Kenya. We show that adopters of improved maize varieties have higher yields per acre and that poverty is negatively correlated with technology adoption. Policies for increasing diffusion of these technologies include improving access roads to market centers to enhance maize profitability and extension of information about improved maize varieties to farmers.
Effects of low dose gamma radiation on the human immunodeficiency virus-1
Creators: name: Xu, Yingdong
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Lymphocytes are highly radiosensitive and the major host cells of HIV-1. To evaluate the effects of low doses of gamma radiation on HIV-1 replication, models of acute HIV-1 infection, PBMCs of HIV-1-infected patients and HIV-1 positive cell lines were used. The results demonstrated that HTLV-IIIB virus (laboratory strain of HIV-1) replication significantly increased in cultures initiated from PBMCs exposed to gamma radiation at the dose of 50 cGy given prior to PHA stimulation and acute infection. Similar results were also obtained in purified CD4 cells. The mechanism underlying these observations may be related to oxidative stress since pre-infection treatment with 35 nM H₂O₂ increased the susceptibility of PBMCs to acute infection in a similar way. Exposure of the cells to gamma radiation after in vitro infection had no significant stimulatory effect. In HIV-1-infected PBMCs taken from a patient with high levels of HIV-1 replication in the plasma, viral replication was clearly stimulated by exposure to 50 cGy as compared to the non-irradiated control. The highest stimulatory effect was found when acute infection following host cell irradiation was delayed for 24 hours. It seems that this stimulatory effect is due to host cells becoming more susceptible to viral infection rather than latent viral DNA becoming transcriptionally active following low doses of ionizing radiation. Radiation effects on viral replication are closely related to its timing, the stimulatory effects being more obvious in the early stage of the viral life cycle (perhaps before the integration of viral DNA). The stimulatory response of low doses of gamma radiation on viral replication is a trigger-type rather than dose-dependent response. Results support a mechanism in which low doses of gamma exposure induce IL2α receptors on the surface of mitogen-stimulated PBMCs that makes cells more susceptible to virus infection. Viral replication is continuous throughout the course of HIV-1 infection and a delicate balance among a wide array of host factors likely determines the net rate of viral replication. In light of our results, we recommend that extra precautions be considered when treating HIV-1 infected patients with radiation for medical purposes.
Bioprospection Beyond Intellectual Property Rights: The Kani Model of Access and Benefit Sharing
Creators: name: Pascual, Unai
name: Dedeurwaerdere, Tom
name: Krishna, Vijesh V.
name: Pascual, Unai
name: Dedeurwaerdere, Tom
name: Krishna, Vijesh V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Bioprospection
subject: genetic resources
subject: traditional knowledge
subject: Kani model
subject: Western Ghats

description: This paper addresses the value of bioprospection for genetic resources (GR) and traditional knowledge (TK) from the South for industrial/research input. The focus is on a dynamic approach to contracting and property rights building upon insights from evolutionary institutional economics. Drawing on a unique 'access and benefit sharing' (ABS) bioprospecting contract from the Western Ghats, India, we show how the monetary value of plant genetic information from the traditional knowledge holders' perspective can be assessed using a contingent valuation modelling approach. While the study allows the identification of such values from one of the main stakeholder's (i.e, the Kani community) perspective, it also allows to point out some of the key gaps in the valuation of GR/TK associated to ABS cases from an evolutionary institutional perspective. Two important conclusions come out of this analysis. First, it highlights the necessity to go beyond standard market approaches to economic valuation of GR/TK in order to address the issues of future possibilities of use and innovation and the integration of the different stages in the process of value creation from GR/TK. Second, it shows the necessity of developing alternatives to the current intellectual property rights regime, including systems for appropriate protection of TK of local communities.
Atmosphere, Interior, and Evolution of the Metal-Rich Transiting Planet HD 149026b
Creators: name: Fortney, J. J.
name: Saumon, D.
name: Marley, M. S.
name: Lodders, K.
name: Freedman, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the atmosphere and interior of the new transiting planet HD 149026b, which appears to be very rich in heavy elements. We first compute model atmospheres at metallicities ranging from solar to ten times solar, and show how for cases with high metallicity or inefficient redistribution of energy from the day side, the planet may develop a hot stratosphere due to absorption of stellar flux by TiO and VO. The spectra predicted by these models are very different than cooler atmosphere models without stratospheres. The spectral effects are potentially detectable with the Spitzer Space Telescope. In addition the models with hot stratospheres lead to a large limb brightening, rather than darkening. We compare the atmosphere of HD 149026b to other well-known transiting planets, including the recently discovered HD 189733b, which we show have planet-to-star flux ratios twice that of HD 209458 and TrES-1. The methane abundance in the atmosphere of HD 189733b is a sensitive indicator of atmospheric temperature and metallicity and can be constrained with Spitzer IRAC observations. We then turn to interior studies of HD 149026b and use a grid of self-consistent model atmospheres and high-pressure equations of state for all components to compute thermal evolution models of the planet. We estimate that the mass of heavy elements within the planet is in the range of 60 to 93 M_earth. Finally, we discuss trends in the radii of transiting planets with metallicity in light of this new member of the class.
description: Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal. 18 pages, including 10 figures. New section on the atmosphere of planet HD 189733b. Enhanced discussion of atmospheric Ti chemistry and core mass for HD 149026b
IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR DOMINAN YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRESTASI BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MAHASISWA
Creators: name: Irwansyah, Budi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 10401 Applied Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Education
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Makalah ini membahas aplikasi teknik statistik multivariat, yaitu analisis faktor untuk mengetahui faktor dominan yang mempengaruhi prestasi belajar matematika mahasiswa semester III dan IV di jurusan Pendidikan Matematika IAIN ZCK Langsa dengan sampel 124 orang. Faktor dominan pertama yang mempengaruhi prestasi belajar matematika mahasiswa adalah faktor psikologis dengan nilai eigenvalue 4,398; Variabel yang membentuk faktor ini adalah X2 (panca indra), X24 (sikap), X7 (motivasi), X10 (masyarakat dan tetangga), X11 (teman-teman disekitar tempat tinggal siswa) dan X13 (kampus dan letaknya). Faktor dominan kedua adalah lingkungan sosial dengan nilai eigenvalue 1.339. Variabel yang membentuk faktor ini adalah variabel X5 (bakat), X8 (dosen dan cara mengajar), dan X9 (teman-teman sekelas). Faktor dominan ketiga adalah faktor fisiologis. dengan nilai eigenvalue 1.041. Variabel yang membentuk faktor ini adalah variabel X1 (jasmani/fisik), X6 (minat) dan X12 (orang tua dan keluarga).
Optimal universal programmable detectors for unambiguous discrimination
Creators: name: Zhang, Chi
name: Ying, Mingsheng
name: Qiao, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the problem of designing unambiguous programmable discriminators for any n unknown quantum states in an m-dimensional Hilbert space. The discriminator is a fixed measurement that has two kinds of input registers: the program registers and the data register. The quantum state in the data register is what users want to identify, which is confirmed to be among the n states in program registers. The task of the discriminator is to tell the users which state stored in the program registers is equivalent to that in the data register. First, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for judging an unambiguous programmable discriminator. Then, if $m=n$, we present an optimal unambiguous programmable discriminator for them, in the sense of maximizing the worst-case probability of success. Finally, we propose a universal unambiguous programmable discriminator for arbitrary n quantum states.
description: 7 pages
Additional file 1 of BET bromodomain inhibitors PFI-1 and JQ1 are identified in an epigenetic compound screen to enhance C9ORF72 gene expression and shown to ameliorate C9ORF72-associated pathological and behavioral abnormalities in a C9ALS/FTD model
Creators: name: Quezada, Esteban
name: Cappelli, Claudio
name: Diaz, Iván
name: Jury, Nur
name: Wightman, Nicholas
name: Brown, Robert H.
name: Montecino, Martín
name: Zundert, Brigitte Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Bromodomain inhibitors enhance C9ORFF72 gene promoter-driven expression in SH-SY5Y LE200 G4C2 reporter cell lines. Table S1. Epidrugs used in screening. Table S2. TaqMan probes information.
A Monolingual Approach to Contextualized Word Embeddings for Mid-Resource Languages
Creators: name: Suárez, Pedro Javier Ortiz
name: Romary, Laurent
name: Sagot, Benoît
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We use the multilingual OSCAR corpus, extracted from Common Crawl via language classification, filtering and cleaning, to train monolingual contextualized word embeddings (ELMo) for five mid-resource languages. We then compare the performance of OSCAR-based and Wikipedia-based ELMo embeddings for these languages on the part-of-speech tagging and parsing tasks. We show that, despite the noise in the Common-Crawl-based OSCAR data, embeddings trained on OSCAR perform much better than monolingual embeddings trained on Wikipedia. They actually equal or improve the current state of the art in tagging and parsing for all five languages. In particular, they also improve over multilingual Wikipedia-based contextual embeddings (multilingual BERT), which almost always constitutes the previous state of the art, thereby showing that the benefit of a larger, more diverse corpus surpasses the cross-lingual benefit of multilingual embedding architectures.
Weather-Based Crop Insurance Contracts for African Countries
Creators: name: Karuaihe, Raphael N.
name: Wang, H. Holly
name: Young, Douglas L.
name: Karuaihe, Raphael N.
name: Wang, H. Holly
name: Young, Douglas L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: Weather constitutes the major source for production risk in agriculture. Weather index can be used construct crop insurance that demand less information and can avoid moral hazard and adverse selection problems. Based on mean-variance model, theoretical results on the optimal insurance coverage and its impact from risk preference, basis risk, and premium loading are derived, which are quite consistent to the empirical results from the expected utility model. Using South Africa corn data, we investigate growers' demand and efficiency of alternative hypothetical weather index crop insurance programs. In contrast to previous work that suggests that a single-variable weather index suffices to develop an insurance contract, this study shows that the insured grower achieves a higher utility from multivariate weather indices. The most important single weather index we found in the study area was GDD, and the combination of rainfall and either temperature or GDD outperformed the single variable indices by a large margin. Depending on the growers risk preference, s/he may choose to buy o r offer such insurance for sale if the price is not actuarially fair. The risk protection value of weather-indexed-insurance follows the predictive power of the index on yield in general, though not exactly.
Uzaklarda Esen Hüzün: Esarette Kalanlar
Creators: name: Karaca, Özkan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 210302 Asian History
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: History
subject: 210399 Historical Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: 220208 History and Philosophy of the Social Sciences
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: Esirlerde dört bir yana savrularak hayatlarının kısıtlandığı, bilinmezin coğrafyasında esarete taşınmışlardır. İngilizlere 135 bin, Ruslara 65 bin, Fransızlara 2000, Romenlere 600, İtalyanlara 100 esir düştü. Bunları senelerini esir kamplarında çürüttüler. Sağ kalanlar hasret, acı ve hastalıklarla memleketlerine dönebildi. 1. Dünya Savaşı'nda sadece Çanakkale cephesinde 11.178 kayıp askerden bahsedilmektedir ki, bazı büyük çoğunluğu İngilizler ve Fransızlara esir düşmüşlerdir. İngilizlere Sina, Filistin, Suriye, Irak, Hicaz, Asir, Yemen'deki muharebelerde 120.000'in üzerinde esir verilmiştir. İngilizler Hicaz -Asir- Yemen cephelerinde esir olan askerlerimizi Mısır'daki kamplara; Sina-Filistin-Suriye ve Irak cephelerinde esir olanları da önce Mısır'a sonrada büyük çeşitli Hindistan ve Burma'ya olmak üzere çeşitli yerlere götürmüşlerdir. Hindistan ve Burma'ya götürülenler cephelerdeki diğer birliklere göre öncü ve zinde olanlardır ki, kasıtlı olarak buralara gönderilmişlerdir. Ruslarla yapılan muharebelerde Sarıkamış, Erzurum, Galiçya ve diğer savaş alanlarıyla birlikte 60.000-70.000 esir gösterilir. Esirlerimiz Sarıkamış, Kars ve Tiflis istasyonlarından Azerbaycan, Moskova, Ukrayna, Astarhan ve Sibirya gibi Rusya'da çok dağınık kamplara götürülmüşlerdir, Savaş esirinin yaşamı; depresyon, kızgınlık, endişe, korku, umutsuzluk zihinlerini ve yüreklerini çivileyen hasret sancısı ile geçmiştir. Esirlerin birçoğu, şüphesiz, kaçma hayalleriyle yaşamını sürdürmüştür. Galiçya ve diğer savaş alanlarıyla birlikte 60.000-70.000 esir gösterilir. Esirlerimiz Sarıkamış, Kars ve Tiflis istasyonlarından Azerbaycan, Moskova, Ukrayna, Astarhan ve Sibirya gibi Rusya'da çok dağınık kamplara götürülmüşlerdir, Savaş esirinin yaşamı; depresyon, kızgınlık, endişe, korku, umutsuzluk zihinlerini ve yüreklerini çivileyen hasret sancısı ile geçmiştir. Esirlerin birçoğu, şüphesiz, kaçma hayalleriyle yaşamını sürdürmüştür. Galiçya ve diğer savaş alanlarıyla birlikte 60.000-70.000 esir gösterilir. Esirlerimiz Sarıkamış, Kars ve Tiflis istasyonlarından Azerbaycan, Moskova, Ukrayna, Astarhan ve Sibirya gibi Rusya'da çok dağınık kamplara götürülmüşlerdir, Savaş esirinin yaşamı; depresyon, kızgınlık, endişe, korku, umutsuzluk zihinlerini ve yüreklerini çivileyen hasret sancısı ile geçmiştir. Esirlerin birçoğu, şüphesiz, kaçma hayalleriyle yaşamını sürdürmüştür.
Additional file 2 of Citizen science as a tool for arboviral vector surveillance in a resourced-constrained setting: results of a pilot study in Honiara, Solomon Islands, 2019
Creators: name: Craig, Adam T.
name: Kama, Nathan
name: Fafale, George
name: Bugoro, Hugo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. End of study participant interview data collection tool.
Migration and Income Diversification Evidence from Burkina Faso
Creators: name: Taylor, J. Edward
name: Wouterse, Fleur
name: Taylor, J. Edward
name: Wouterse, Fleur
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: This paper uses limited-dependent variable methods and new data from Burkina Faso to test the impact of inter-continental and continental migration on activity choice and incomes in rural households. We provide theoretical reasoning and empirical evidence that the impact of emigration varies both by migrant destination and production activity. We find no evidence of either positive or negative effects of continental migration on agricultural or livestock activities and a small negative impact on non-farm activities. However, inter-continental migration, which tends to be long term and generates significantly larger remittances, stimulates livestock production while being negatively associated with staple and non-farm activities.
Discovery of highly-polarizable semiconductors BaZrS3 and Ba3Zr2S7
Creators: name: Filippone, Stephen
name: Zhao, Boyang
name: Niu, Shanyuan
name: Koocher, Nathan Z.
name: Silevitch, Daniel
name: Fina, Ignasi
name: Rondinelli, James M.
name: Ravichandran, Jayakanth
name: Jaramillo, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are few known semiconductors exhibiting both strong optical response and large dielectric polarizability. Inorganic materials with large dielectric polarizability tend to be wide-band gap complex oxides. Semiconductors with strong photoresponse to visible and infrared light tend to be weakly polarizable. Interesting exceptions to these trends are halide perovskites and phase-change chalcogenides. Here we introduce complex chalcogenides in the Ba-Zr-S system in perovskite and Ruddlesden-Popper structures as a new family of highly polarizable semiconductors. We report the results of impedance spectroscopy on single crystals that establish BaZrS3 and Ba3Zr2S7 as semiconductors with low-frequency relative dielectric constant ($ε_0$) in the range 50 - 100, and band gap in the range 1.3 - 1.8 eV. Our electronic structure calculations indicate the enhanced dielectric response in perovskite BaZrS3 versus Ruddlesden-Popper Ba3Zr2S7 is primarily due to enhanced IR mode-effective charges, and variations in phonon frequencies along $\langle 001 \rangle$; differences in the Born effective charges and the lattice stiffness are of secondary importance. This combination of covalent bonding in crystal structures more common to complex oxides results in a sizable Fröhlich coupling constant, which suggests that charge carriers are large polarons.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures