cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
How Famous is a Scientist? -- Famous to Those Who Know Us
Creators: name: Bagrow, James P.
name: Rozenfeld, Hernan D.
name: Bollt, Erik M.
name: ben-Avraham, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following a recent idea, to measure fame by the number of \Google hits found in a search on the WWW, we study the relation between fame (\Google hits) and merit (number of papers posted on an electronic archive) for a random group of scientists in condensed matter and statistical physics. Our findings show that fame and merit in science are linearly related, and that the probability distribution for a certain level of fame falls off exponentially. This is in sharp contrast with the original findings about WW II ace pilots, for which fame is exponentially related to merit (number of downed planes), and the probability of fame decays in power-law fashion. Other groups in our study show similar patterns of fame as for ace pilots.
Short Note:The fecundity and egg size of the freshwater crab (Isolapotamon bauense Ng, 1987) from Sarawak, Borneo
Creators: name: Latif, Kamil
name: Grinang, Jongkar Ak
name: Lirong Yu Abit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 70401 Aquaculture
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

description: The fecundity and egg size of the freshwater crab (Isolapotamon bauense Ng, 1987) from Sarawak, Borneo
The LQG -- String: Loop Quantum Gravity Quantization of String Theory I. Flat Target Space
Creators: name: Thiemann, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine I. background independent Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) quantization techniques, II. the mathematically rigorous framework of Algebraic Quantum Field Theory (AQFT) and III. the theory of integrable systems resulting in the invariant Pohlmeyer Charges in order to set up the general representation theory (superselection theory) for the closed bosonic quantum string on flat target space. While we do not solve the, expectedly, rich representation theory completely, we present a, to the best of our knowledge new, non -- trivial solution to the representation problem. This solution exists 1. for any target space dimension, 2. for Minkowski signature of the target space, 3. without tachyons, 4. manifestly ghost -- free (no negative norm states), 5. without fixing a worldsheet or target space gauge, 6. without (Virasoro) anomalies (zero central charge), 7. while preserving manifest target space Poincaré invariance and 8. without picking up UV divergences. The existence of this stable solution is exciting because it raises the hope that among all the solutions to the representation problem (including fermionic degrees of freedom) we find stable, phenomenologically acceptable ones in lower dimensional target spaces, possibly without supersymmetry, that are much simpler than the solutions that arise via compactification of the standard Fock representation of the string. Moreover, these new representations could solve some of the major puzzles of string theory such as the cosmological constant problem. The solution presented in this paper exploits the flatness of the target space in several important ways. In a companion paper we treat the more complicated case of curved target spaces.
description: 46 p., LaTex2e, no figures
China and the Middle East : Redefining the International Order?
Creators: name: Calabrese, John
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The views expressed in the HH Sheikh Nasser al-Mohammad al-Sabah Publication Series are those of theauthor(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of theSchool or of Durham University. These wide ranging Research Working Papers are products of thescholarship under the auspices of the al-Sabah Programme and are disseminated in this early form to encourage debate on the important academic and policy issues of our time. Copyright belongs to the Author(s). Bibliographical references to the HH Sheikh Nasser al- Mohammad al-Sabah Publication Seriesshould be as follows: Author(s), Paper Title (Durham,UK: al-Sabah Number, date).
Questions Raised by Coronavirus_Pulm research and Resp care SRPRRC-03-00026.pdf
Creators: name: Lawrence Broxmeyer, MD
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110802 Medical Infection Agents (incl. Prions)
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: History has a tendency to repeat itself, and pandemics/epidemics are no exception. Case in point, the common ground between the present “novel” 2019 coronavirus (AKA COVID-19), the SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) and MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome) outbreaks before that, and the Great Pandemic of 1918, long ago. The
present COVID-19, did not occur in a vacuum. By December of 2018, Liu et al., proclaimed tuberculosis to be an epidemic throughout China, an epidemic which still rages on. China harbors the second largest burden of tuberculosis in the world ̶ a disease which often begins with flu-like symptoms, and a disease whose bacilli are laden with RNA bacterial
viruses called mycobacteriophages. Quietly, by 2016, the World Health Organization acknowledged that despite advances, the TB bacillus, which Koch was forced to refer to as “the TB virus”, is once again the deadliest pathogen in the world. Here we compare all 4 pandemics/epidemics with some surprising results and similarities.
On Sobolev spaces and density theorems on Finsler manifolds
Creators: name: Bidabad, Behroz
name: Shahi, Alireza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C60, 46E35

description: Here, a natural extension of Sobolev spaces is defined for a Finsler structure $F$ and it is shown that the set of all real $C^{\infty}$ functions with compact support on a forward geodesically complete Finsler manifold $(M, F)$, is dense in the extended Sobolev space $H_1^p (M)$. As a consequence, the weak solutions $u$ of the Dirichlet equation $Δu=f$ can be approximated by $C^\infty$ functions with compact support on $M$. Moreover, let $W \subset M$ be a regular domain with the $C^r$ boundary $\partial W$, then the set of all real functions in $C^r (W) \cap C^0 (\overline W)$ is dense in $H_k^p (W)$, where $k\leq r$. Finally, several examples are illustrated and sharpness of the inequality $k\leq r$ is shown.
description: Published in AUT Journal of Math. Comp. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1310.8027
Grey matters : turning rainwater into greywater
Creators: name: Kumar, Avinash
name: Lin, Dexter
name: Tang, Felix
name: Yulo, Kimberley
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Preserving what resources we have is a goal that we should all achieve no matter how abundant the resources may seem. In this case, it is water. The new Student Union Building (SUB) at the University of British Columbia (UBC) strives to achieve such a goal by including a rainwater harvesting and filtration unit. This report’s purpose is to analyse different filtration and disinfection options for the rainwater systems so that water can be used for greywater purposes. A Triple Bottom Line assessment that takes into account environmental, economic and social impacts will be used to determine the best option. The water filtration methods considered include sand filtration, reverse osmosis, ultrafiltration, and microfiltration. The water disinfection methods considered include distillation, chlorination, ozone, and ultraviolet (UV) light. Based on our results, we recommend an implementation of microfiltration and UV radiation as the ideal method to treat rainwater to form greywater. [Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”]
Probing Reionization with the Cosmological Proximity Effect and High-Redshift Supernovae Rates
Creators: name: Mesinger, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop and assess the potential of several powerful techniques, designed to investigate the details of reionization. First, we present a procedure to probe the neutral fraction, x_HI, using the Lyman alpha transmission statistics of high-redshift (z > 6) sources. We find that only tens of bright quasar spectra could distinguish between x_HI ~ 1 and x_HI < 0.01. A rudimentary application of such a technique on quasar SDSS J1030+0524 has yielded compelling evidence of a large neutral fraction (x_HI > 0.2) at z ~ 6. We also generate the observable, high-z supernovae (SNe) rates and quantify the prospects of detecting the suppression of star-formation in low-mass galaxies at reionization from such SNe rates, specifically from those obtainable from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). Our analysis suggests that searches for SNe could yield thousands of SNe per unit redshift at z ~ 6, and be a valuable tool at studying reionization features and feedback effects out to z < 13.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures; to appear in the proceedings of UC Irvine May 2005 workshop on "First Light & Reionization", eds. E. Barton & A. Cooray, New Astronomy Reviews, in press
Ornithodoros (Alectorobius) capensis
Creators: name: Basu, A. K.
name: Basu, M.
name: Adesiyun, A. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Ixodida
Argasidae
Ornithodoros
Ornithodoros capensis

description: Ornithodoros (Alectorobius) capensis
 Kohls et al. (1965) recorded O. (A.) capensis from spotted sandpipers, Actitis macularia from Laventile swamp, Port of Spain, Trinidad. Aitken et al. (1969) further recorded O. (A.) capensis during their survey of arthropods for natural virus infection.
 Between 1962 and 1965, 15 strains of Hughes virus were isolated from Soldado Rock, a small limestone island located about 9.6 km off the southwestern tip of Trinidad. Seven isolates came from ticks of the O. capensis complex and eight from nestling terns Sterna fuscata (Aitken et al. 1968b). Jonkers et al. (1973) reported Soldado virus (TRVL 52214), a new viral agent, isolated from a pool of nymphal O. capensis ticks (either Ornithodoros capensis sensu stricto or O. denmarki) collected from a brown noddy (Anous stolidus) on Soldado Rock. O. (A.) capensis is also known to transmit other Soldado viruses in Hawaii, Seychelles, Trinidad and Ethiopia (Labuda and Nuttall 2004); Johnston Atoll virus, Abal virus in Central Pacific Islands, Australia, New Zealand, SW Africa (Hoogstraal 2003); Upolu virus in Australia; Baku virus in Azerbaijan; Aransas Bay virus in Texas, USA; Saumarez Reef virus in Tasmania; Hirota virus on Aomatsushima Island, Japan and, Midway virus in Hawaii (Labuda and Nuttall 2004).
 Distribution: Dassen Island and Malagas Island (South Africa), Australia, Central Pacific, Ethiopia, Hawaii, Marshall Islands, New Zealand, Texas, Dominica, Jamaica, Cuba (Kohls et al. 1965; Cruz 2001).
description: Published as part of Basu, A. K., Basu, M. & Adesiyun, A. A., 2012, A Review On Ticks (Acari: Ixodoidea: Ixodidae, Argasidae), Associated Pathogens And Diseases Of Trinidad And Tobago, pp. 39-50 in Acarologia 52 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.1051/acarologia/20122034, http://zenodo.org/record/4667077
China and the Middle East : Redefining the International Order?
Creators: name: Calabrese, John
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society

description: The views expressed in the HH Sheikh Nasser al-Mohammad al-Sabah Publication Series are those of theauthor(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of theSchool or of Durham University. These wide ranging Research Working Papers are products of thescholarship under the auspices of the al-Sabah Programme and are disseminated in this early form to encourage debate on the important academic and policy issues of our time. Copyright belongs to the Author(s). Bibliographical references to the HH Sheikh Nasser al- Mohammad al-Sabah Publication Seriesshould be as follows: Author(s), Paper Title (Durham,UK: al-Sabah Number, date).
Bulk odd-frequency pairing in the superconducting Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model
Creators: name: Tamura, Shun
name: Nakosai, Sho
name: Black-Schaffer, Annica M.
name: Tanaka, Yukio
name: Cayao, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model describes fermions that hop on a one-dimensional chain with staggered hopping amplitude, where the unit cell contains two sites, or two sublattices. In this work we consider the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model with superconducting pairing and show that the sublattice index acts as an additional quantum number in the classification of Cooper pairs, giving rise to inter- and intra-sublattice odd-frequency pair correlations in the bulk. Interestingly, this system behaves as a two band superconductor where the bulk odd-frequency correlations depend solely on the intrinsic staggering properties of the model. In general, odd-frequency correlations coexist with even-frequency correlations in both the trivial and topological phases, with comparable and even larger odd-frequency amplitudes at the topological phase transition points at low frequencies, due to the closing of the energy gap at these points. Furthermore, we also discuss how bulk odd-frequency amplitudes are correlated with pseudo-gaps in the density of states and also with a charge density wave that appears due to the chemical potential imbalance between sublattices.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures + 4 pages of supplemental material, 1 figure
Re-visiting the Roots of Japan's Structural Decline: The Role of the Japanese Corporation
Creators: name: Cowling, Keith
name: Tomlinson, Philip R.
name: Cowling, Keith
name: Tomlinson, Philip R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Development
subject: The Japanese Corporation
subject: strategic-decision making
subject: strategic failure and industrial policy

description: For a long period in the twentieth century, the development of the Japanese corporation appeared congruent with the development of the Japanese economy. The growth maximising behaviour of the Japanese corporation and the preference for internal growth over acquisitions (see Odagiri, 1992) appeared to suit the long-term ambitions of Japan. Now, that formerly clear connexion between the ambitions of corporate Japan and the Japanese public interest is no longer so clear. Increasingly, the global ambitions of the corporation appear as an impediment to Japan's development. By favouring the development of large-scale transnational corporations, Japanese industrial policy-making appears to have contained a fundamental flaw. Japan is now dominated by large-scale organisations that are controlled by a corporate elite. It is unlikely that their strategic decisions will correspond with the wider public interest, which raises the possibility that Japan is now afflicted with "strategic failure". Other examples from around the world suggest that Japan is not unique in this respect. Alternative ways forward are suggested.
Bridge to a brighter future? South Korea's economic relations with the Gulf
Creators: name: Calabrese, John
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society

description: This essay is part of a MAP series that aims to shed light on Korea-Middle East relations — their historical and cultural underpinnings, their energy-based and other economic aspects, and the geopolitical and other factors that have facilitated and constrained their development.
The Problem of Regional "Hollowing Out" in Japan: Lessons for Regional Industrial Policy
Creators: name: Cowling, Keith
name: Tomlinson, Philip R.
name: Cowling, Keith
name: Tomlinson, Philip R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Development
subject: Machinery sector
subject: strategic-decision making
subject: strategic failure and industrial policy

description: This paper considers the problems of "hollowing out" using a Case Study of Japan's machinery sector. In doing so, it explores the roots of the present crisis by focusing upon the role played by Japan's large transnational corporations. This is important because these corporations are the "central actors" within the Japanese economy and they control a significant proportion of Japanese manufacturing. It is their strategic decisions - those that determine the level and location of investment, employment and output - which ultimately shape the development path for Japanese industry (see Cowling and Sugden, 1994, 1998). In recent years, Japan’s large transnationals have become engaged in the process of elite globalisation, pursuing their own interests at the expense of domestic Japanese industry. This is a fundamental insight that is crucial for designing appropriate policy responses to arrest Japan's current industrial decline. It is argued that the lessons from Japan's experience might guide policymakers in other regions, such as Wisconsin, who are concerned with future industrial development, the effects of globalisation and problems of "hollowing out".
The James Webb Space Telescope Aperture Masking Interferometer
Creators: name: Soulain, A.
name: Sivaramakrishnan, A.
name: Tuthill, P.
name: Thatte, D.
name: Volk, K.
name: Cooper, R.
name: Albert, L.
name: Artigau, É.
name: Cook, N.
name: Doyon, R.
name: Johnstone, D.
name: Lafrenière, D.
name: Martel, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In less than a year, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will inherit the mantle of being the world's pre-eminent infrared observatory. JWST will carry with it an Aperture Masking Interferometer (AMI) as one of the supported operational modes of the Near-InfraRed Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) instrument. Aboard such a powerful platform, the AMI mode will deliver the most advanced and scientifically capable interferometer ever launched into space, exceeding anything that has gone before it by orders of magnitude in sensitivity. Here we present key aspects of the design and commissioning of this facility: data simulations ($\texttt{ami_sim}$), the extraction of interferometeric observables using two different approaches ($\texttt{IMPLANEIA}$ and $\texttt{AMICAL}$), an updated view of AMI's expected performance, and our reference star vetting programs.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures, invited paper conference
Anderson Localization for Long-Range operators with Singular Potentials
Creators: name: Jian, Wenwen
name: Shi, Jia
name: Yuan, Xiaoping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we use Cartan estimate for meromorphic functions to prove Anderson localization for a class of long-range operators with singular potenials.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1909.06542
Some mathematical problems in numerical relativity
Creators: name: Babiuc, Maria
name: Szilagyi, Bela
name: Winicour, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main goal of numerical relativity is the long time simulation of highly nonlinear spacetimes that cannot be treated by perturbation theory. This involves analytic, computational and physical issues. At present, the major impasses to achieving global simulations of physical usefulness are of an analytic/computational nature. We present here some examples of how analytic insight can lend useful guidance for the improvement of numerical approaches.
description: 17 pages, 12 graphs (eps format)
Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak and the Strategy for Prevention
Creators: name: Sajed, Ahmad Naeem
name: Amgain, Kapil
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) is the novel disease of the respiratory system, causing the ongoing pandemic with flu-like symptoms. It is caused by a virus known as SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2). This disease affected entire world and various myths are circulating about its diagnosis, treatment and prevention. The choice for diagnosis should be based on clinical and epidemiological factors and linked to an assessment of the likelihood of infection. A number of rapid diagnostic and serological tests are being used for the detection of suspected COVID-19 cases. However, the sensitivity and specificity of such newly marketed tests have not been evaluated and never up to standard yet. Therefore, it is not recommended any such immunochromatographic or serological rapid screening tests for the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infections. The most reliable diagnostic test to confirm COVID-19 is PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) which is a molecular-based test for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Eradication of highly contagious SARS-CoV-2 Virus that causing the ongoing deadly pandemic COVID-19, demands individual attention and awareness are necessary regarding the route and mode of transmission across the bounders throughout the entire world. Proper hand-washing, staying at the home and maintaining the social distance are proved to the most effective preventive measures and are immediate solutions to save human beings from this unseen enemy.Keywords: COVID-19, SARS-CoV-
I Repositories e il caso di "BASE" (Bielefeld Academic Search Engine)
Creators: name: Lepri, Francesco Antonio
name: Lupparelli, Luca
name: Pazzagli, Francesca
name: Romeo, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Open Access
Repository
Via Verde
Harvesting
BASE (Bielefeld Academic Search Engine)

description: Il poster presenta sinteticamente cos'è un repository, come funziona, gli aspetti di interoperabilità e harvesting, concentrandosi in ultima istanza sul caso di BASE (Bielefeld Academic Search Engine), uno dei più importanti harvester a livello internazionale gestito dall'Università di Bielefeld.
Wiener Chaos and the Cox-Ingersoll-Ross model
Creators: name: Grasselli, M. R.
name: Hurd, T. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 60H05, 60G15, 91B70

description: In this we paper we recast the Cox--Ingersoll--Ross model of interest rates into the chaotic representation recently introduced by Hughston and Rafailidis. Beginning with the ``squared Gaussian representation'' of the CIR model, we find a simple expression for the fundamental random variable X. By use of techniques from the theory of infinite dimensional Gaussian integration, we derive an explicit formula for the n-th term of the Wiener chaos expansion of the CIR model, for n=0,1,2,.... We then derive a new expression for the price of a zero coupon bond which reveals a connection between Gaussian measures and Ricatti differential equations.
description: 27 pages
A Safety Framework for Critical Systems Utilising Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Zhao, Xingyu
name: Banks, Alec
name: Sharp, James
name: Robu, Valentin
name: Flynn, David
name: Fisher, Michael
name: Huang, Xiaowei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Increasingly sophisticated mathematical modelling processes from Machine Learning are being used to analyse complex data. However, the performance and explainability of these models within practical critical systems requires a rigorous and continuous verification of their safe utilisation. Working towards addressing this challenge, this paper presents a principled novel safety argument framework for critical systems that utilise deep neural networks. The approach allows various forms of predictions, e.g., future reliability of passing some demands, or confidence on a required reliability level. It is supported by a Bayesian analysis using operational data and the recent verification and validation techniques for deep learning. The prediction is conservative -- it starts with partial prior knowledge obtained from lifecycle activities and then determines the worst-case prediction. Open challenges are also identified.
description: Accepted by SafeComp2020
Corporate Governance and the Public Interest
Creators: name: Branston, J. Robert
name: Cowling, Keith
name: Sugden, Roger
name: Branston, J. Robert
name: Cowling, Keith
name: Sugden, Roger
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Governance
subject: Strategic Decisions
subject: Public Interest
subject: Democracy

description: A theory of the firm based on strategic decision-making highlights governance as a central issue. Preferences vary over strategy but not all interests are currently being represented, resulting in a failure to govern in the public interest. As solutions, we consider the design of company law and also more immediate ways forward, focusing on regulation and democratically controlled public agencies, but stressing the fundamental significance of active, effective citizens. Throughout, the arguments are illustrated using examples from various countries and industries, including education, information technology, football and public utilities in Europe and the US.
Firms’ Strategies for Reducing the Effectiveness of Consumer Price Search
Creators: name: Ireland, Norman J.
name: Ireland, Norman J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Demand and Price Analysis

description: This paper considers a simple model of competition based on some buyers making price comparisons between two suppliers. The difficulties of making appropriate comparisons are made greater by exclusive dealer agreements and restrictions, and by suppliers trading under more than one name. It is argued that suppliers will set prices using mixed strategies, and that prices become less competitive as price comparisons become more difficult. The implications for competition policy are considered in the light of recent judgements of the UK’s Office of Fair Trading and the European Court of Justice.
Equilibrium Agenda Formation
Creators: name: Dutta, Bhaskar
name: Jackson, Matthew O.
name: Le Breton, Michel
name: Dutta, Bhaskar
name: Jackson, Matthew O.
name: Le Breton, Michel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Agenda
subject: Equilibrium
subject: Voting

description: We develop a de¯nition of equilibrium for agenda formation in general voting settings. The de¯nition is independent of any protocol. We show that the set of equilibrium outcomes for any Pareto e±cient voting rule is uniquely determined. We also show that for such voting rules, if preferences are strict then the set of equilibrium outcomes coincides with that of the outcomes generated by considering all full agendas for voting by successive elimination and show that the set of equilibrium outcomes corresponds with the Banks set. We also examine the implications in several other settings.
Integer concave cocirculations and honeycombs
Creators: name: Karzanov, Alexander V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C10, 90C27, 05C99

description: A convex triangular grid is represented by a planar digraph $G$ embedded in the plane so that (a) each bounded face is surrounded by three edges and forms an equilateral triangle, and (b) the union $\Rscr$ of bounded faces is a convex polygon. A real-valued function $h$ on the edges of $G$ is called a concave cocirculation if $h(e)=g(v)-g(u)$ for each edge $e=(u,v)$, where $g$ is a concave function on $\Rscr$ which is affinely linear within each bounded face of $G$. Knutson and Tao [J. Amer. Math. Soc. 12 (4) (1999) 1055--1090] proved an integrality theorem for so-called honeycombs, which is equivalent to the assertion that an integer-valued function on the boundary edges of $G$ is extendable to an integer concave cocirculation if it is extendable to a concave cocirculation at all. In this paper we show a sharper property: for any concave cocirculation $h$ in $G$, there exists an integer concave cocirculation $h'$ satisfying $h'(e)=h(e)$ for each boundary edge $e$ with $h(e)$ integer and for each edge $e$ contained in a bounded face where $h$ takes integer values on all edges. On the other hand, we explain that for a 3-side grid $G$ of size $n$, the polytope of concave cocirculations with fixed integer values on two sides of $G$ can have a vertex $h$ whose entries are integers on the third side but $h(e)$ has denominator $Ω(n)$ for some interior edge $e$. Also some algorithmic aspects and related results on honeycombs are discussed.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, submitted to IPCO2004
Formant Tracking Using Quasi-Closed Phase Forward-Backward Linear Prediction Analysis and Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Gowda, Dhananjaya
name: Bollepalli, Bajibabu
name: Kadiri, Sudarsana Reddy
name: Alku, Paavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Formant tracking is investigated in this study by using trackers based on dynamic programming (DP) and deep neural nets (DNNs). Using the DP approach, six formant estimation methods were first compared. The six methods include linear prediction (LP) algorithms, weighted LP algorithms and the recently developed quasi-closed phase forward-backward (QCP-FB) method. QCP-FB gave the best performance in the comparison. Therefore, a novel formant tracking approach, which combines benefits of deep learning and signal processing based on QCP-FB, was proposed. In this approach, the formants predicted by a DNN-based tracker from a speech frame are refined using the peaks of the all-pole spectrum computed by QCP-FB from the same frame. Results show that the proposed DNN-based tracker performed better both in detection rate and estimation error for the lowest three formants compared to reference formant trackers. Compared to the popular Wavesurfer, for example, the proposed tracker gave a reduction of 29%, 48% and 35% in the estimation error for the lowest three formants, respectively.
Amblyomma calcaratum
Creators: name: Basu, A. K.
name: Basu, M.
name: Adesiyun, A. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Ixodida
Ixodidae
Amblyomma
Amblyomma calcaratum

description: Amblyomma calcaratum
 Amblyomma calcaratum was recorded from Trinidad on anteaters, birds (Aitken et al. 1968a), small wild animals and humans (Smith 1974).
 Distribution: Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Belize, Guyana, Ecuador, Panama, Paraguay, Venezuela, Argentina, Peru (Jones et al. 1972; Caceres et al. 2002; Guglielmone et al. 2003; Voltzit 2007).
description: Published as part of Basu, A. K., Basu, M. & Adesiyun, A. A., 2012, A Review On Ticks (Acari: Ixodoidea: Ixodidae, Argasidae), Associated Pathogens And Diseases Of Trinidad And Tobago, pp. 39-50 in Acarologia 52 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.1051/acarologia/20122034, http://zenodo.org/record/4667077
BiCu$_2$VO$_6$: a new narrow-band spin-gap material
Creators: name: Masuda, T.
name: Zheludev, A.
name: Kageyama, H.
name: Vasiliev, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new spin-ladder family material BiCu$_2$VO$_6$ is studied by means of the magnetic susceptibility, heat capacity and neutron inelastic scattering measurements on powder sample. Singlet ground state and a finite spin gap are confirmed by thermal-activated type susceptibility and by distinct peak at 16 meV in spin excitation. Triple narrow band structure in spin excitation spectrum, probably due to complex crystal structure, is observed and the possibility of weakly-interacting spin-cluster system is discussed.
Type I vacuum solutions with aligned Papapetrou fields: an intrinsic characterization
Creators: name: Ferrando, Joan Josep
name: Sáez, Juan Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that Petrov type I vacuum solutions admitting a Killing vector whose Papapetrou field is aligned with a principal bivector of the Weyl tensor are the Kasner and Taub metrics, their counterpart with timelike orbits and their associated windmill-like solutions, as well as the Petrov homogeneous vacuum solution. We recover all these metrics by using an integration method based on an invariant classification which allows us to characterize every solution. In this way we obtain an intrinsic and explicit algorithm to identify them.
description: 14 pages; v2: added new section, references and table
Questions Raised by Coronavirus_Pulm research and Resp care SRPRRC-03-00026.pdf
Creators: name: Dr. Larry Broxmeyer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110802 Medical Infection Agents (incl. Prions)
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: History has a tendency to repeat itself, and pandemics/epidemics are no exception. Case in point, the common ground between the present “novel” 2019 coronavirus (AKA COVID-19), the SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) and MERS (Middle East respiratory syndrome) outbreaks before that, and the Great Pandemic of 1918, long ago. The
present COVID-19, did not occur in a vacuum. By December of 2018, Liu et al., proclaimed tuberculosis to be an epidemic throughout China, an epidemic which still rages on. China harbors the second largest burden of tuberculosis in the world ̶ a disease which often begins with flu-like symptoms, and a disease whose bacilli are laden with RNA bacterial
viruses called mycobacteriophages. Quietly, by 2016, the World Health Organization acknowledged that despite advances, the TB bacillus, which Koch was forced to refer to as “the TB virus”, is once again the deadliest pathogen in the world. Here we compare all 4 pandemics/epidemics with some surprising results and similarities.
Mathematical Modelling and Parametric Analysis of Nanofluid Flows Induced by Rotating Disks
Creators: name: Alkuhayli, Naif
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis thoroughly analyzes heat transfer in copper-water nanofluid flows induced by disk rotation. It considers various variables, including nanoparticle concentration, Hall currents, Ohmic heating, magnetic flux, and heat generation/absorption. The study employs numerical methods, including the shooting method, similarity transformations, and mathematical modeling. Initially, it develops a steady flow model for a nanofluid produced by a rotating circular disk in a porous medium and explores the effects of Hall currents and Ohmic heating on flow variables, revealing a direct proportion between axial velocity and nanoparticle volume percentage. The research also investigates heat transfer rates in hybrid nanofluid flows generated by the rotation of a spherical porous disk, considering Hall currents, Ohmic heating, heat generation/absorption, and magnetic flux. The study identifies the importance of wall suction in shaping velocity components, where higher Hartman numbers lead to increased radial and reduced axial velocities. It recommends considering different models for apparent viscosity, thermal conductivity of nanofluids, and the impact of external magnetic flux. The subsequent analysis of a hybrid nanofluid under a constant magnetic field reveals that higher nanoparticle concentrations boost convective heat transfer while lowering local skin friction coefficients. Heat generation/ absorption and thermal radiation significantly influence heat transfer, with increased thermal conductivity and radiation parameters resulting in higher temperature and Nusselt number. Additionally, the research on copper-water nanofluid flows through a porous medium account for velocity and temperature slip conditions, along with heat generation/ absorption, showcasing how the nanoparticle volume fraction and the presence of a heat source/sink affect nanofluid temperature. The study also emphasizes the substantial influence of velocity slip parameters on velocity components, with disk surface polishing facilitating slip and reducing stresses. Generally, the findings provide insights into the influence of various parameters and conditions, which have practical implications in fields such as energy engineering and thermal management.
Pulsar Kicks and Spin Tilts in the Close Double Neutron Stars PSR J0737-3039, PSR B1534+12 and PSR B1913+16
Creators: name: Willems, B.
name: Kalogera, V.
name: Henninger, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In view of the recent measurement of the scintillation velocity for PSR J0737-3039, we examine the complete set of constraints imposed on the pulsar B natal kicks (magnitude and orientation) and predict the most favorable pulsar kick velocity and spin tilt for both isotropic and polar kicks. Our analysis takes into account both currently unknown parameters: the orientation of the orbital plane on the sky (Omega) and the radial component of the systemic velocity (V_r). Assuming that the system's peculiar velocity is entirely due to the second supernova explosion, we find that the system may have crossed the Galactic plane multiple times since the birth of the second neutron star and that the post-supernova peculiar velocity could have been as high as 1200km/s. We also confirm the absolute lower and upper limits on the physical parameters derived in our earlier study. For specific combinations of the two unknown parameters Omega and V_r, however, we find much tighter constraints on the pre-supernova binary configuration and natal kicks imparted to pulsar B, as well as on the age of system. Once Omega is measured in the coming year, it will be straightforward to use the results presented here to further constrain the natal kicks and the spin-tilt predictions. We complete our comprehensive study and derive similar constraints and spin-tilt predictions for PSR B1534+12, where the only free parameter is V_r. Lastly, for PSR B1913+16, we update the progenitor and kick constraints using the measured pulsar spin tilt and allowing for Roche-lobe overflow from the progenitor of the pulsar companion.
description: Replaced Fig. 16 with corrected version. See ApJ 616, p. 414 for high-resolution figures and notes added in proof
Cost Monotonicity, Consistency and Minimum Cost Spanning Tree Games
Creators: name: Dutta, Bhaskar
name: Kar, Anirban
name: Dutta, Bhaskar
name: Kar, Anirban
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: spanning tree
subject: cost allocation
subject: core selection
subject: cost monotonicity
subject: consistency

description: We propose a new cost allocation rule for minimum cost spanning tree games. The new rule is a core selection and also satis…es cost monotonicity. We also give characterization theorems for the new rule as well as the much-studied Bird allocation. We show that the principal di¤erence between these two rules is in,terms of their consistency properties
Nucleon momentum gap in asymmetric nuclear matter
Creators: name: Yong, Gao-Chan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For more than half a century, nucleons are considered to move continuously in the nuclei. Recent electron-scattering experiments indicate about 20$\sim$25\% nucleons in heavier nuclei are involved in the neutron-proton short-range correlations. Nucleons in the nuclei thus have abnormal behavior unlike those in the non-interaction fermi gas. In the neutron-rich nuclei, around the Fermi momentum, the neutron-proton short-range correlations lead to a momentum gap in the proton momentum distribution, which is circumstantially supported by the pionic experimental data. Likewise, there should also be a neutron momentum gap in the proton-rich nuclei. Nucleon momentum gap is thought to have profound and extensive implications in the studies ranging from particle physics to neutron stars as well as ultra-cold atomic gases.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: Enzyme-Catalysed Siloxane Bond Formation
Creators: name: Brandstadt, Kurt Friedrich
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2003

description: The intricate siliceous architectures of diatom species have inspired our exploration of biosilicification. Biosilicification occurs on a globally vast scale under mild conditions. Although research has progressed in the area of silica biosynthesis, the molecular mechanisms of these interactions are effectively unknown.

 Previous in vitro studies of natural systems within the area of silica biosynthesis were complicated by other factors. These earlier mechanistic queries including biomimetic approaches often failed to recognize the chemistry of silicic acid and its analogues. In order to better understand the role of various proteins in the biosilicification process, a carefully chosen model study was performed to test the ability of homologous enzymes to catalyse the formation of molecules with a single siloxane bond during the in vitro hydrolysis and condensation of alkoxysilanes.

 This model study is believed to be the first rigorous study to demonstrate biocatalysis at silicon. Our data suggests that homologous lipase and protease enzymes catalyze the formation of siloxane bonds under mild conditions. In particular, non-specific interactions with trypsin promoted the in vitro hydrolysis of alkoxysilanes; while, the active site was determined to selectively catalyse the condensation of silanols. Comparatively, the rate of hydrolysis was one order of magnitude faster than condensation. The rate of condensation appeared to be proportional to both the concentration of trimethylsilanol and trypsin. The trypsin-catalysed condensation of non-saturated solutions of trimethylsilanol is thought to fit the Michaelis-Menten model, where the formation of the trypsin-silanol intermediate is the rate-limiting step. This is consistent with the fact that organosilicon molecules are larger than analogous hydrocarbon tryptic substrates. Conversely, although trypsin would theoretically catalyse the hydrolysis of a siloxane bond due to the law of microscopic reversibility, the reverse reaction was not favored.

 Given the selectivity and mild reaction conditions of enzymes, the opportunity to strategically use biocatalysts to synthesise novel hybrid materials with structural control and spatial order is promising.
The infinite curvature limit of AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Alvarez, Enrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some kinematical speculations on the infinite curvature limit of the conjectured duality of Maldacena between ten-dimensional strings living in $AdS_5\times S_5$ and a ordinary four-dimensional quantum field theory, namely ${\cal{N}}=4$ super Yang-Mills with gauge group SU(N) are given.
description: 10 pages. Contribution to the proceedings of the 2003 ``Peyresq Physics 8" meeting
Concrete polytopes may not tile the space
Creators: name: Garber, Alexey
name: Pak, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Brandolini et al. conjectured that all concrete lattice polytopes can multitile the space. We disprove this conjecture in a strong form, by constructing an infinite family of counterexamples in $\mathbb{R}^3$.
description: 6 pages
Sino-Algerian relations: On a path to realizing their full potential?
Creators: name: Calabrese, John
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This essay is part of the series “All About China”—a journey into the history and diverse culture of China through essays that shed light on the lasting imprint of China’s past encounters with the Islamic world as well as an exploration of the increasingly vibrant and complex dynamics of contemporary Sino-Middle Eastern relations.
Detecting solar axions using Earth's magnetic field
Creators: name: Davoudiasl, Hooman
name: Huber, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that solar axion conversion to photons in the Earth's magnetosphere can produce an x-ray flux, with average energy \sim 4 keV, which is measurable on the dark side of the Earth. The smallness of the Earth's magnetic field is compensated by a large magnetized volume. For axion masses < 10^{-4} eV, a low-Earth-orbit x-ray detector with an effective area of 10^4 cm^2, pointed at the solar core, can probe the photon-axion coupling down to 10^{-11} GeV^{-1}, in one year. Thus, the sensitivity of this new approach will be an order of magnitude beyond current laboratory limits.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure, typos corrected, references added