cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: CLIL in Mathematics
title: An experiment in developing mathematical literacy in secondary education in Turkey
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Ozdemir, Huselyn
Publisher: name: CETAPS, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa
Year: 2024

description: As reported by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), a mathematically literate student can recognise the role that mathematics plays in making well-founded judgments and decisions needed by constructive, engaged and reflective citizens. This case study aims to elucidate the steps that can be followed to develop mathematics literacy for bilingual education in Turkey which contributes to the COST Action CA21114-CLIL Network for Languages in Education: Towards bi- and multilingual disciplinary literacies (CLILNetLE), and discussions on how to integrate CLIL in mathematics education worldwide. In this study, ten mathematics questions in both English and Turkish were prepared by a mathematics teacher for 11th and 12thgrade students (n=38) whose native language was Turkish in a state secondary school. There were target words in mathematics questions in English that were identified through a needs analysis conducted on students, such as tangent, circular, exponential, pendulum, stationary and constant, which students reported as unknown English words and had to know in order to understand the questions in mathematics. Feedback was collected from experts in CLIL and students of CLIL application in mathematics. Sample data are provided, accompanied by photos to show how CLIL can be utilized to teach mathematics.
description: Ozdemir, Huseyin (2024) “CLIL in Mathematics: An experiment in developing mathematical literacy in secondary education in Turkey”, e-TEALS, 16, pp. 43-63. ISSN 1647-721X
Developing the next neutrino mass experiment: Project 8 Phase III
Creators: name: Stachurska, Juliana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Neutrino Masses and Mixing - Double Beta Decays and Neutrino

description: Parallel Flash Talk at the
 "XIX International Workshop on Neutrino Telescopes"
 on line - 18-26 February, 2021
Adiabatic preparation without Quantum Phase Transitions
Creators: name: Schaller, Gernot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many physically interesting models show a quantum phase transition when a single parameter is varied through a critical point, where the ground state and the first excited state become degenerate. When this parameter appears as a coupling constant, these models can be understood as straight-line interpolations between different Hamiltonians $H_{\rm I}$ and $H_{\rm F}$. For finite-size realizations however, there will usually be a finite energy gap between ground and first excited state. By slowly changing the coupling constant through the point with the minimum energy gap one thereby has an adiabatic algorithm that prepares the ground state of $H_{\rm F}$ from the ground state of $H_{\rm I}$. The adiabatic theorem implies that in order to obtain a good preparation fidelity the runtime $τ$ should scale with the inverse energy gap and thereby also with the system size. In addition, for open quantum systems not only non-adiabatic but also thermal excitations are likely to occur. It is shown that -- using only local Hamiltonians -- for the 1d quantum Ising model and the cluster model in a transverse field the conventional straight line path can be replaced by a series of straight-line interpolations, along which the fundamental energy gap is always greater than a constant independent on the system size. The results are of interest for adiabatic quantum computation since strong similarities between adiabatic quantum algorithms and quantum phase transitions exist.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, published version (references and remarks on implementation added, typos corrected)
Tritium Results from Project 8 Phase II
Creators: name: Pettus, Walter C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Neutrino Masses and Mixing - Double Beta Decays and Neutrino

description: Parallel Contributed Talk at the
 "XIX International Workshop on Neutrino Telescopes"
 on line - 18-26 February, 2021
Flexo-Sensitive Polarization Vortices in Thin Ferroelectric Films
Creators: name: Morozovska, Anna N.
name: Eliseev, Eugene A.
name: Kalinin, Sergei V.
name: Hertel, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider theoretically the influence of the flexoelectric coupling on the spatial distribution and temperature behavior of spontaneous polarization for several types of stable domain structure in thin ferroelectric films, such as stripe domains and vortices.Finite element modelling (FEM) for BaTiO3 films and analytical calculations within the Landau-Ginzburg-Devonshire approach reveals that an out-of-plane polarization component can be very sensitive to the flexoelectric coupling for periodic quasi-2D stripe domains and 3D vortex-antivortex structures.However, the influence is rather different for these structures. The flexoelectric coupling increases significantly the amplitude of a small out-of-plane polarization component in the stripe domains, and the "up" or "down" direction of the component is defined by the sign of the flexoelectric coefficients.Concerning the vortex-antivortex pairs, their antivortices with in-plane anti-circulation have smooth wide dipolar cores through the entire film, whose shape and other features are almost insensitive to the coupling.The vortices with in-plane vorticity have spike-like cores with an out-of-plane quadrupolar moment induced by the flexoelectric coupling. The cores are located near the film-dead layer interfaces.FEM results corroborated by analytical calculations prove that a change of the flexoelectric coefficient sign leads to a reorientation of the core axial polarization, making the flexo-sensitive 3D vortices similar to the recently introduced "flexons" in cylindrical nanoparticles.The relatively wide temperature range (from 200 to 400 K) of the flexo-sensitive vortices' existence gives us the hope that they can be observed experimentally in thin ferroelectric films by scanning probe and nonlinear optical microscopy methods.
description: 29 pages including 5 figures in the main text and two Appendices with 4 figures
The search for 0νECβ+ decay of 120Te with CUORE
Creators: name: Campani, Alice
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Neutrino Masses and Mixing - Double Beta Decays and Neutrino

description: Parallel Flash Talk at the
 "XIX International Workshop on Neutrino Telescopes"
 on line - 18-26 February, 2021
description: for the CUORE collaboration
Quantum corrections and bound-state effects in the energy relaxation of hot dense Hydrogen
Creators: name: Dharma-Wardana, M. W. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simple analytic formulae for energy relaxation (ER) in electron-ion systems, with quantum corrections, ion dynamics and RPA-type screening are presented. ER in the presence of bound electrons is examined in view of of recent simulations for ER in hydrogen in the range 10^{20}-10^{24} electrons/cc.
description: 4 two-column style pages, two figures
Reverse Hall-Petch effect in ultra nanocrystalline diamond
Creators: name: Remediakis, Ioannis N.
name: Kopidakis, Georgios
name: Kelires, Pantelis C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present atomistic simulations for the mechanical response of ultra nanocrystalline diamond, a polycrystalline form of diamond with grain diameters of the order of a few nm. We consider fully three-dimensional model structures, having several grains of random sizes and orientations, and employ state-of-the-art Monte Carlo simulations. We calculate structural properties, elastic constants and the hardness of the material; our results compare well with experimental observations for this material. Moreover, we verify that this material becomes softer at small grain sizes, in analogy to the observed reversal of the Hall-Petch effect in various nanocrystalline metals. The effect is attributed to the large concentration of grain boundary atoms at smaller grain sizes. Our analysis yields scaling relations for the elastic constants as a function of the average grain size.
description: Proceedings of the IUTAM Symposium on Modelling Nanomaterials and Nanosystems, Aalborg, Denmark, May 19-22 2008; to be published in the IUTAM Bookseries by Springer
Operad of formal homogeneous spaces and Bernoulli numbers
Creators: name: Merkulov, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is shown that for any morphism, i: g --> h, of Lie algebras the vector space underlying the Lie algebra h is canonically a g-homogeneous formal manifold with the action of g being highly nonlinear and twisted by Bernoulli numbers. This fact is obtained from the study of a 2-coloured operad of formal homogeneous spaces and its minimal resolution, and is used to give a new conceptual explanation of both Ziv Ran's Jacobi-Bernoulli complex and Fiorenza-Manetti's L-infinity algebra structure on the mapping cone of a morphism of two Lie algebras. All these constructions are iteratively extended to the case of a morphism of arbitrary L-infinity algebras.
description: LaTeX, 18 pages. minor changes; the final journal version
The NEXT experiment Status and Prospects
Creators: name: Arazi, Lior
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Neutrino Masses and Mixing - Double Beta Decays and Neutrino

description: Parallel Contributed Talk at the
 "XIX International Workshop on Neutrino Telescopes"
 on line - 18-26 February, 2021
description: for the NEXT Collaboration
Intershell Interactions in Correlated Materials: A Slave Rotor Approach
Creators: name: Steinbauer, Jakob
name: Biermann, Silke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The treatment of intershell interactions remains a major challenge in the theoretical description of strongly correlated materials. Most previous approaches considered the influence of intershell interactions at best in a static fashion, neglecting dynamic effects. In this work, we propose a slave-rotor method that goes beyond this approximation by incorporating the effect of intershell interactions in a dynamic manner. Our method is derived and implemented as a quantum impurity solver in the context of dynamical mean field theory and benchmarked on a two-orbital model system. The results from our slave-rotor technique are found to be in good agreement with our reference calculations that include intershell interactions explicitly. We identify and analyze qualitative features emerging from the dynamic treatment. Our results thus provide qualitatively new insights, revealing the ambivalent effect of intershell interactions in strongly correlated materials.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures
3D printed spectrophotometer for drug monitoring in tuberculosis patients for global health applications
Creators: name: Hooda, Pragya
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Significant progress has been made to fight Tuberculosis (TB), and while many effective diagnoses and treatments have saved millions of lives, the infectious disease still remains to be one of the leading causes of death today. An infected patient can be prescribed with antibiotic drugs such as Rifampin for a certain period of time until treatment is complete. Drug resistant strains of TB have started to grow, creating an urgency to control the spread of this disease. Rapid diagnostic tools and different delivery methods have reduced the mortality rate from TB, however, there is still an urgent need to develop a point-of-care (POC) test that can improve the treatment process for TB patients. Here, we aim to create a POC device that can detect the amount of antibiotic in a biological sample (e.g. urine). We developed and tested a portable three-dimensional (3D) printed spectrophotometer for different biological assays and compared the results with a laboratory standard table-top instrument spectrophotometer. First, we demonstrated the accuracy of the 3D printed spectrophotometer using a Bradford Assay and found a good correlation (R2 = 0.96) between our 3D printed and instrument spectrophotometer. Subsequently, assay is modified to process smaller sample volume using microcuvettes in the setup. We found a correlation coefficient of R2 = 0.92 between our 3D printed and instrument spectrophotometer. The device was then tested for a Rifampin assay and a standard curve is developed in both spiked PBS and urine samples. The correlation results from the rifampin assay will shine light on future diagnostic and drug monitoring testing for TB patients. In conclusion, our results show that our 3D printed spectrophotometer has a strong correlation compared to the real instrument spectrophotometer for absorbance-based measurements. In future, POC instruments such as our 3D printed spectrophotometer can be used by the medical staff for active TB management, and possibly to test patients response to new emerging strains of TB. Proactive diagnosis and treatment of TB patients can significantly reduce the death rate, and in turn improve the quality of human life in global health settings.
Cell adhesion and cortex contractility determine cell patterning in the Drosophila retina
Creators: name: Käfer, Jos
name: Hayashi, Takashi
name: Marée, Athanasius F. M.
name: Carthew, Richard W.
name: Graner, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Hayashi and Carthew (Nature 431 [2004], 647) have shown that the packing of cone cells in the Drosophila retina resembles soap bubble packing, and that changing E- and N-cadherin expression can change this packing, as well as cell shape. The analogy with bubbles suggests that cell packing is driven by surface minimization. We find that this assumption is insufficient to model the experimentally observed shapes and packing of the cells based on their cadherin expression. We then consider a model in which adhesion leads to a surface increase, balanced by cell cortex contraction. Using the experimentally observed distributions of E- and N-cadherin, we simulate the packing and cell shapes in the wildtype eye. Furthermore, by changing only the corresponding parameters, this model can describe the mutants with different numbers of cells, or changes in cadherin expression.
description: revised manuscript; 8 pages, 6 figures; supplementary information not included
A and B branes from N=2 superspace
Creators: name: Sevrin, Alexander
name: Staessens, Wieland
name: Wijns, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a manifestly supersymmetric description of A and B branes on Kaehler manifolds using a completely local N=2 superspace formulation of the world-sheet nonlinear sigma-model in the presence of a boundary. In particular, we show that an N=2 superspace description of type A boundaries is possible. This leads to a concrete realization of the still poorly understood coisotropic A branes. We also discuss briefly how the superspace description of a B brane provides an efficient way to compute higher loop beta-functions. In particular, we sketch how one obtains the fourth order derivative correction to the Born-Infeld action by using a beta-function method.
description: 8 pages, contribution to the proceedings of the Third Workshop of the RTN project 'Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe', Valencia, October 1 - 5, 2007
Stellar kinematics in the nuclear regions of nearby LIRGs with VLT-SINFONI. Comparison with gas phases and implications for dynamical mass estimations
Creators: name: Gómez, Alejandro Crespo
name: López, Javier Piqueras
name: Arribas, Santiago
name: Pereira-Santaella, Miguel
name: Colina, Luis
name: del Pino, Bruno Rodríguez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we use seeing-limited SINFONI H- and K-band spectroscopy to analyse the spatially resolved kinematics of the stellar component in the inner r<1-2 kpc of ten nearby (mean z=0.014) LIRGs. We compare the stellar kinematics with those for different gas phases, and analyse the relative effects of using different tracers when estimating dynamical masses. The stellar velocity and velocity dispersion maps are extracted in both near-IR bands by fitting the continuum emission using pPXF while we use the gas kinematics from previous works. We find that the different gas phases have similar kinematics, whereas the stellar component is rotating with slightly lower velocities (V$_*$~0.8V$_g$) but in significantly warmer orbits ($σ_*$~2$σ_g$) than the gas phases. These values indicate that stars are rotating in thick discs while the gas phases are confined in dynamically cooler rotating discs. However, these differences do not lead to significant discrepancies between the dynamical mass estimations based on the stellar and gas kinematics. This result suggests that the gas kinematics can be used to estimate M$_{dyn}$ also in z~2 SFGs, a galaxy population that shares many structural and kinematic properties with local LIRGs.
description: 36 pages, 35, accepted for publication in A&A. Abstract abridged due to arXiv requirements
Development of a multiatmosphere UV-preionized carbon dioxide laser amplifier
Creators: name: Stuart, Gregory C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A compact, high-pressure, UV-preionized TE CO₂ laser amplifier was designed and constructed. The amplifier uses a novel LC inversion circuit, with a single spark gap initiating both the main discharge and the preionization. The electrical and gain characteristics were studied over a range of pressures and gas mixes. The voltage inversion was 96% efficient, and discharge currents reached 13.5 kA with risetimes of 28 ns. At ten atmospheres, with a 3% CO₂ mix, the peak small-signal gain of the 9P(18) line was found to be 2.7 %/cm and the FWHM of the gain pulse was 500 ns.
Double beta decay results from the CUPID-0 experiment
Creators: name: Celi, Emanuela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Neutrino Masses and Mixing - Double Beta Decays and Neutrino

description: Parallel Flash Talk at the
 "XIX International Workshop on Neutrino Telescopes"
 on line - 18-26 February, 2021
description: on behalf of CUPID-0 collaboration
Vermittlung von Informationskompetenz - Analyse und Reorganisation
Creators: name: Woitas, Kathi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Teaching Library
Learning Library
Information Competency
Library Management
Informationskompetenzvermittlung
Bibliotheksorganisation

description: Präsentation, Schweizer Bibliothekskongress (BIS Kongress), Lugano, 3.-6. September 2014 Presentation held at Swiss Library Congress, Lugano (Switzerland), 3-6 September 2014
Nonlinear screening and ballistic transport in a graphene p-n junction
Creators: name: Zhang, L. M.
name: Fogler, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the charge density distribution, the electric field profile, and the resistance of an electrostatically created lateral p-n junction in graphene. We show that the electric field at the interface of the electron and hole regions is strongly enhanced due to limited screening capacity of Dirac quasiparticles. Accordingly, the junction resistance is lower than estimated in previous literature.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. (v1) Original version (v2) Introduction largely rewritten, minor typos fixed throughout
One-particle spectral functions of the one-dimensional Fermionic Hubbard model with one fermion per site at zero and finite magnetic fields
Creators: name: Carmelo, José M. P.
name: Čadež, Tilen
name: Sacramento, Pedro D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here the line shape of the up- and down-spin one-particle spectral functions at and in the (k,energy)-plane's vicinity of their cusp singularities is studied for the Mott-Hubbard insulator described by the 1D Hubbard model with one fermion per site at zero and finite magnetic fields. At zero field they can be accessed in terms of electrons by photoemission experiments. At finite field, such functions and corresponding interplay of correlations and magnetic-field effects refer to an involved non-perturbative many-particle problem that is poorly understood. The Mott-Hubbard gap that separates the addition and removal spectral functions is calculated for all spin densities and interaction values. The qualitative differences in the one-particle properties of the Mott-Hubbard insulator and corresponding doped insulator are also investigated. The relation of our theoretical results and predictions to both condensed-matter and ultracold spin-1/2 atom systems is discussed.
description: 26 pages, 18 figures
A light-driven three-dimensional plasmonic nanosystem that translates molecular motion into reversible chiroptical function
Creators: name: Kuzyk, Anton
name: Yang, Yangyang
name: Duan, Xiaoyang
name: Stoll, Simon
name: Govorov, Alexander O.
name: Sugiyama, Hiroshi
name: Endo, Masayuki
name: Liu, Na
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nature has developed striking light-powered proteins such as bacteriorhodopsin, which can convert light energy into conformational changes for biological functions. Such natural machines are a great source of inspiration for creation of their synthetic analogues. However, synthetic molecular machines typically operate at the nanometre scale or below. Translating controlled operation of individual molecular machines to a larger dimension, for example, to 10-100 nm, which features many practical applications, is highly important but remains challenging. Here we demonstrate a light-driven plasmonic nanosystem that can amplify the molecular motion of azobenzene through the host nanostructure and consequently translate it into reversible chiroptical function with large amplitude modulation. Light is exploited as both energy source and information probe. Our plasmonic nanosystem bears unique features of optical addressability, reversibility and modulability, which are crucial for developing all-optical molecular devices with desired functionalities.
Innovative Management for Asian Futures A Comparative Study of Cultural Industries in Thailand and Korea (Part 2  Thailand)
Creators: name: Suppakorn Disatapundhu
Publisher: name: Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Cultural Industries, Economic Development, Cultural Policy, Arts Management, Creative Economy, Thailand, Korea

description: -, 7, Journal of Urban Culture Research
Polar transform of Spacelike isothermic surfaces in 4-dimensional Lorentzian space forms
Creators: name: Ma, Xiang
name: Wang, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B25 (Primary), 53B30 (Secondary)

description: The conformal geometry of spacelike surfaces in 4-dimensional Lorentzian space forms has been studied by the authors in a previous paper, where the so-called polar transform was introduced. Here it is shown that this transform preserves spacelike conformal isothermic surfaces. We relate this new transform with the known transforms (Darboux transform and spectral transform) of isothermic surfaces by establishing the permutability theorems.
description: 14 pages
A novel phase compensated NMR system
Creators: name: Hayden, Michael Edward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A novel continuous-wave (cw) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Q-meter which utilizes phase compensation to force the resonant frequency of the tuned circuit to track the input rf frequency has been developed. This technique eliminates the distortions in the NMR lineshape which characterize conventional systems. A prototype system based upon this principle was constructed and used to measure the enhanced nuclear alignment of a polarized deuteron target. A general theoretical description of the performance of this type of system was developed. The adequacy of this description was tested and verified in the prototype system. Deviations from the theoretical predictions are discussed and the important factors which need be considered in the design of such a system are presented. Deuteron thermal equilibrium NMR lineshapes were measured with a precision of ± 5% using the prototype system. Results have been shown to be reproducible for periods of at least three weeks without the need for any parameter adjustment in the phase compensation system. In addition the tensor polarization results obtained from the NMR data are shown to be in agreement with expectations based upon nuclear scattering data.
Seminar Paper Artifacts for: Scalability Benchmarking of Kafka Streams Deployment Options
Creators: name: Vonheiden, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Seminar Paper Artifacts for: Scalability Benchmarking of Kafka Streams Deployment Options A detailed description can be found in the README.md. Abstract Kubernetes, Kafka, and Kafka Streams are commonly used together in software systems.
 The Theodolite method allows to benchmark systems which employ these technologies and can measure the scalability of a stream processing framework.
 Each of these systems provide many configurations options.
 Thus, it is difficult to tune the configuration options to the best possible.
 Previous research with Theodolite, however, considers only few configuration options for the scalability. Therefore, we explore further configuration options for Kafka and Kafka Streams in this paper.
 On the one hand we apply the topology optimization option, on the other hand we focus on high availability and resiliency options.
 We define different parameters for these configuration options and execute the Theodolite benchmarks with them.
 Ultimately, we present and discuss the results of the experiment executions and identify the influence of the parameters.
Spin waves propagating through a stripe magnetic domain structure and their applications to reservoir computing
Creators: name: Nakane, Ryosho
name: Hirose, Akira
name: Tanaka, Gouhei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin waves propagating through a stripe domain structure and reservoir computing with their spin dynamics have been numerically studied with focusing on the relation between physical phenomena and computing capabilities. Our system utilizes a spin-wave-based device that has a continuous magnetic garnet film and 1-input/72-output electrodes on the top. To control spatially-distributed spin dynamics, a stripe magnetic domain structure and amplitude-modulated triangular input waves were used. The spatially-arranged electrodes detected spin vector outputs with various nonlinear characteristics that were leveraged for reservoir computing. By moderately suppressing nonlinear phenomena, our system achieves 100$\%$ prediction accuracy in temporal exclusive-OR (XOR) problems with a delay step up to 5. At the same time, it shows perfect inference in delay tasks with a delay step more than 7 and its memory capacity has a maximum value of 21. This study demonstrated that our spin-wave-based reservoir computing has a high potential for edge-computing applications and also can offer a rich opportunity for further understanding of the underlying nonlinear physics.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
Structure and thermodynamics of two dimensional Yukawa liquids
Creators: name: Castello, F. Lucco
name: Tolias, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermodynamic and structural properties of two dimensional dense Yukawa liquids are studied with molecular dynamics simulations. The "exact" thermodynamic properties are simultaneously employed in an advanced scheme for the determination of an equation of state that shows an unprecedented level of accuracy for the internal energy, pressure and isothermal compressibility. The "exact" structural properties are utilized to formulate a novel empirical correction to the hypernetted-chain approach that leads to a very high accuracy level in terms of static correlations and thermodynamics.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 13 page supplementary material
Construction of 3D wormhole supported by phantom energy
Creators: name: Rahaman, F.
name: Kalam, M.
name: Bhui, B. C.
name: Chakraborty, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we have found a series solution of 3D Einstein equations describing a wormhole for an inhomogeneous distribution of phantom energy. Here, we assume equation of state is linear but highly anistropic.
description: 9 papge, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Physica Scripta
Positive solutions for singular double phase problems
Creators: name: Papageorgiou, Nikolaos S.
name: Repovš, Dušan D.
name: Vetro, Calogero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J60, 35D05

description: We study the existence of positive solutions for a class of double phase Dirichlet equations which have the combined effects of a singular term and of a parametric superlinear term. The differential operator of the equation is the sum of a $p$-Laplacian and of a weighted $q$-Laplacian ($q0$, the equation has at least two positive solutions.
Jet quenching and elliptic flow
Creators: name: Chaudhuri, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In jet quenching, a hard QCD parton, before fragmenting into a jet of hadrons, deposits a fraction of its energy in the medium, leading to suppressed production of high-$p_T$ hadrons. Assuming that the deposited energy quickly thermalizes, we simulate the subsequent hydrodynamic evolution of the QGP fluid. Explicit simulation of Au+Au collision with and without a quenching jet indicate that elliptic flow is greatly reduced in a jet event. The result can be used to identify the jet events in heavy ion collisions.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures. In the revised version, we show the transverse momentum dependence of 3rd flow harmonic v3. The text is improved by adding some discussions
Passive Seismic Imaging of Lithosphere Structure At Active Tectonic Margins In Canada and New Zealand
Creators: name: Gosselin, Jeremy
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2021
Subjects: Seismology
Earth Structure
Inverse Theory
Tectonics

description: Our knowledge of Earth's structure and dynamics is owed, in large part, to techniques that allow us to infer the physical properties of rocks based on observations made near the surface. In particular, passive seismic imaging relies on natural sources of elastic wave energy (typically earthquakes) to illuminate Earth's interior. The frequency-dependent dispersive characteristics of surface waves from earthquakes provides a valuable constraint on the depth heterogeneity beneath the surface, which can be used to infer structure of the lithosphere (i.e., tectonics). The first part of this thesis develops novel tools for passive seismic imaging considering surface-wave dispersion. Specifically, Bayesian (probabilistic) methods are developed that provide rigorous uncertainty quantification. The ability to estimate the directional dependence of surface-wave speeds (i.e., seismic anisotropy) is demonstrated. Furthermore, a general approach for considering circular (wrapped) data, such as surface-wave phase measurements, is developed and applied to estimate the average dispersion between pairs of seismic stations. These ideas are applied to data recorded at seismic stations over British Columbia, Canada, to produce a large volume of data products that will help improve our understanding of the tectonics throughout the region. The second part of this thesis investigates the structural and mechanical conditions in subduction zones, where tectonic plates collide and one plate is thrust beneath the other. Specifically, a type of passive seismic imaging based on recordings of body waves from distant earthquakes (known as receiver functions) is used to infer subduction zone structure in relation to the coupling between tectonic plates. Receiver function data calculated for stations over the Cascadia subduction zone (southwestern Canada) suggest that episodes of slow slip on the plate interface occur in tandem with changes in mechanical conditions. Receiver function data calculated for stations over the Hikurangi subduction zone (New Zealand) suggest that stress and deformation along the margin are spatially linked to plate coupling. These results improve our understanding of the dynamics of these tectonic systems, including the seismic hazards that they pose.
Chromospheric magnetic reconnection: Two-fluid simulations of coalescing current loops
Creators: name: Smith, P. D.
name: Sakai, J. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: To investigate magnetic reconnection rates during the coalescence of two current loops in the solar chromosphere, by altering the neutral-hydrogen to proton density ratio, ioniziation/recombination coefficients, collision frequency and relative helicity of the loops. Methods: 2.5D numerical simulations of the chromosphere were conducted using a newly developed two-fluid (ion-neutral) numerical code. Developed from the Artificial Wind scheme, the numerical code includes the effects of ion-neutral collisions, ionization/recombination, thermal/resistive diffusivity and collisional/resistive heating. Results: It was found that the rates of magnetic reconnection strongly depend on the neutral-hydrogen to proton density ratio; increasing the density ratio by a thousand-fold decreased the rate of magnetic reconnection by twenty-fold. This result implies that magnetic reconnection proceeds significantly faster in the upper chromosphere, where the density of ions (protons) and neutral-hydrogen is comparable, than in the lower chromosphere where the density of neutral-hydrogen is over a thousand times the ion density. The inclusion of ionization/recombination, an important physics effect in the chromosphere, increases the total reconnected magnetic flux, but does not alter the rate of magnetic reconnection. Reductions in the ion-neutral collision frequency, result in small increases to the rates of magnetic reconnection. The relative helicity of the two current loops was not observed to have any significant effect on the rates of magnetic reconnection. Conclusions: The magnetic reconnection rates of coalescing current loops are strongly affected by the inclusion of neutral-hydrogen particles.
description: Accepted - A&A
Verification of Size Invariance in DNN Activations using Concept Embeddings
Creators: name: Schwalbe, Gesina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The benefits of deep neural networks (DNNs) have become of interest for safety critical applications like medical ones or automated driving. Here, however, quantitative insights into the DNN inner representations are mandatory. One approach to this is concept analysis, which aims to establish a mapping between the internal representation of a DNN and intuitive semantic concepts. Such can be sub-objects like human body parts that are valuable for validation of pedestrian detection. To our knowledge, concept analysis has not yet been applied to large object detectors, specifically not for sub-parts. Therefore, this work first suggests a substantially improved version of the Net2Vec approach (arXiv:1801.03454) for post-hoc segmentation of sub-objects. Its practical applicability is then demonstrated on a new concept dataset by two exemplary assessments of three standard networks, including the larger Mask R-CNN model (arXiv:1703.06870): (1) the consistency of body part similarity, and (2) the invariance of internal representations of body parts with respect to the size in pixels of the depicted person. The findings show that the representation of body parts is mostly size invariant, which may suggest an early intelligent fusion of information in different size categories.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures; Camera-ready version for AIAI2021
Obtaining the spacetime metric from cosmological observations
Creators: name: Lu, Teresa Hui-Ching
name: Hellaby, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent galaxy redshift surveys have brought in a large amount of accurate cosmological data out to redshift 0.3, and future surveys are expected to achieve a high degree of completeness out to a redshift exceeding 1. Consequently, a numerical programme for determining the metric of the universe from observational data will soon become practical; and thereby realise the ultimate application of Einstein's equations. Apart from detailing the cosmic geometry, this would allow us to verify and quantify homogeneity, rather than assuming it, as has been necessary up to now, and to do that on a metric level, and not merely at the mass distribution level. This paper is the beginning of a project aimed at such a numerical implementation. The primary observational data from our past light cone consists of galaxy redshifts, apparent luminosities, angular diameters and number densities, together with source evolution functions, absolute luminosities, true diameters and masses of sources. Here we start with the simplest case, that of spherical symmetry and a dust equation of state, and execute an algorithm that determines the unknown metric functions from this data. We discuss the challenges of turning the theoretical algorithm into a workable numerical procedure, particularly addressing the origin and the maximum in the area distance. Our numerical method is tested with several artificial data sets for homogeneous and inhomogeneous models, successfully reproducing the original models. This demonstrates the basic viability of such a scheme. Although current surveys don't have sufficient completeness or accuracy, we expect this situation to change in the near future, and in the meantime there are many refinements and generalisations to be added.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures. Minor changes to match the published version
Limit theorems for dependent combinatorial data, with applications in statistical inference
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Somabha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ising model is a celebrated example of a Markov random field, introduced in statistical physics to model ferromagnetism. This is a discrete exponential family with binary outcomes, where the sufficient statistic involves a quadratic term designed to capture correlations arising from pairwise interactions. However, in many situations the dependencies in a network arise not just from pairs, but from peer-group effects. A convenient mathematical framework for capturing higher-order dependencies, is the $p$-tensor Ising model, where the sufficient statistic consists of a multilinear polynomial of degree $p$. This thesis develops a framework for statistical inference of the natural parameters in $p$-tensor Ising models. We begin with the Curie-Weiss Ising model, where we unearth various non-standard phenomena in the asymptotics of the maximum-likelihood (ML) estimates of the parameters, such as the presence of a critical curve in the interior of the parameter space on which these estimates have a limiting mixture distribution, and a surprising superefficiency phenomenon at the boundary point(s) of this curve. ML estimation fails in more general $p$-tensor Ising models due to the presence of a computationally intractable normalizing constant. To overcome this issue, we use the popular maximum pseudo-likelihood (MPL) method, which avoids computing the inexplicit normalizing constant based on conditional distributions. We derive general conditions under which the MPL estimate is $\sqrt{N}$-consistent, where $N$ is the size of the underlying network. Finally, we consider a more general Ising model, which incorporates high-dimensional covariates at the nodes of the network, that can also be viewed as a logistic regression model with dependent observations. In this model, we show that the parameters can be estimated consistently under sparsity assumptions on the true covariate vector.
description: University of Pennsylvania Ph.D. Thesis
MATNLARNI TAHRIR VA TAHLIL QILISHDAGI AVTOMATIK LINGVOTIZIM VA TEXNOLOGIYALAR
Creators: name: Sobirova, Nazira
name: Sobirova, Zarnigor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Til va matn muammolari bilan bog‘liq masalalar kompyuter texnologiyalari yordamida XX asrning 50-yillaridan boshlab hal qilina boshladi. Tilshunoslikda avtomatik tahlil va tahrir qilish yo‘nalishidagi morfoanalizator, parsing, spellchecker tizimlarning lingvistik ta’minoti dunyo bo`ylab ishlab chiqildi. Ular tezkorligi, vaqtni tejashi, qulayligi hamda avtomatik tarjima sifatini oshirishda muhim ahamiyat kasb etadi. Ushbu maqolada  imlo tekshiruvchi, morfologik, sintaktik tahlil qiluvchi  tizimlar, ularni tashkil qiluvchi tarkibiy qismlar haqida ma’lumot berildi.
Density-Matrix Renormalization Group Study of Trapped Imbalanced Fermi Condensates
Creators: name: Tezuka, Masaki
name: Ueda, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density-matrix renormalization group is employed to investigate a harmonically-trapped imbalanced Fermi condensate based on a one-dimensional attractive Hubbard model. The obtained density profile shows a flattened population difference of spin-up and spin-down components at the center of the trap, and exhibits phase separation between the condensate and unpaired majority atoms for a certain range of the interaction and population imabalance $P$. The two-particle density matrix reveals that the sign of the order parameter changes periodically, demonstrating the realization of the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov phase. The minority spin atoms contribute to the quasi-condensate up to at least $P \simeq 0.8$. Possible experimental situations to test our predictions are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; added references; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Fundamentals and applications of isotope effect in modern technology
Creators: name: Plekhanov, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this short review I discuss the effect of isotopic mass and isotopic disorder on the properties (vibrational, elastic, thermal and optical) of different crystals.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Simulation of prompt emission from GRBs with a photospheric component and its detectability by GLAST
Creators: name: Battelino, Milan
name: Ryde, Felix
name: Omodei, Nicola
name: Longo, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The prompt emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) still requires a physical explanation. Studies of time-resolved GRB spectra, observed in the keV-MeV range, show that a hybrid model consisting of two components, a photospheric and a non-thermal component, in many cases fits bright, single-pulsed bursts as well as, and in some instances even better than, the Band function. With an energy coverage from 8 keV up to 300 GeV, GLAST will give us an unprecedented opportunity to further investigate the nature of the prompt emission. In particular, it will give us the possibility to determine whether a photospheric component is the determining feature of the spectrum or not. Here we present a short study of the ability of GLAST to detect such a photospheric component in the sub-MeV range for typical bursts, using simulation tools developed within the GLAST science collaboration.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures; submitted proceeding for GRB Symposium in Stockholm, Sweden : "Gamma-Ray Bursts: Prospects for GLAST"
Glycine Transporter-1 Antagonist Provides Neuroprotection Following Stroke in Vivo
Creators: name: Cappelli, Julia Dominique
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2021
Subjects: Stroke
Neuroprotection
Glycine Transporter 1
Glycine Transporter 1 Antagonist
Vasculature
Glycine

description: Ischemic strokes are a major cause of death and disability, yet efficacious pharmacotherapies remain limited. Although neuronal cell death during stroke is primarily induced via excessive Ca2+ influx through NMDARs following overactivation by uncontrolled glutamate release, antagonism of these receptors has been shown to be ineffective due to intolerable side effects. This thesis highlights a novel therapeutic strategy for stroke wherein NMDAR-mediated excitotoxicity is temporarily and dynamically mitigated via the initiation of a process termed “glycine induced NMDAR internalization” (GINI). While GINI occurs in vitro following application of high doses of glycine, achieving these levels of glycine in vivo has long been thought impossible as glycine transporters (GlyT1) maintain synaptic glycine levels well below saturating concentrations. Here, we show that GINI can be triggered in vivo when mice are administered a glycine transporter-1 antagonist (GlyT1-A) prior to stroke and that this strategy provides neuroprotection. Mice pre-treated with a GlyT1-A, which elevates glycine levels, exhibited significantly smaller stroke volumes, reduced cell death, and significantly minimized behavioural deficits following stroke induction by either photothrombosis (PT) or endothelin-1 (ET-1). Moreover, we observed preservation of vasculature function and morphology in the peri-infarct area. These data strongly suggest that elevating brain glycine levels with GlyT1-As should be considered as a novel pharmacotherapy for ischemic stroke.