cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Racial Disparities in the Treatment of Depression in Low-Income Persons With Diabetes
Creators: name: Patel, K. A.
name: Buchowski, M. S.
name: Osborn, C. Y.
name: Kirby, L. D.
name: Cohen, S. S.
name: Blot, W. J.
name: Trott, H. W.
name: Schlundt, D. G.
name: Hargreaves, M. K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Individuals with diabetes are at higher risk for depression than the general population. Although depression can be treated with antidepressant medications, patients with diabetes and comorbid depression often go untreated. The goal of this study was to examine racial disparities in the treatment of depression with antidepressant medication in the southeastern U.S.
title: Η Συμβουλευτική Ψυχολογία στην Ειδική Αγωγή και Εκπαίδευση
title: Counseling Psychology in Special Education
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Μαυρομητός, Κωνσταντίνος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Συμβουλευτική
Μαθητές με αναπηρία
Μαθητές με ειδικές εκπαιδευτικές ανάγκες
Ειδική αγωγή

description: Ο ρόλος της εκπαίδευσης, είναι καθοριστικός για την κοινωνικοποίηση των παιδιών, από την στιγμή που το σχολείο δεν προσφέρει μόνο ακαδημαϊκές γνώσεις, αλλά συμβάλλει στην απόκτηση των κατάλληλων εφοδίων για την μελλοντική τους είσοδο στο κοινωνικό στερέωμα. Κατά συνέπεια, μια εκ των κυριότερων προκλήσεων του σύγχρονου σχολείου είναι η κατάρριψη των κοινωνικών στερεοτύπων και η άρση κάθε μορφής αποκλεισμού της ετερότητας. Η ευελιξία πρέπει να είναι κύριο χαρακτηριστικό του σύγχρονου σχολείου, με στόχο την επίτευξη της ανάπτυξης και ενεργούς συμμετοχής στην διαδικασία της μάθησης για όλους, ανεξαιρέτως εμποδίων και δυσκολιών. Ο κλάδος της συμβουλευτικής, ως επικοινωνιακή δίοδος και διαδικασία, έχει θέσει ως στόχο να βοηθήσει το άτομο να επιλύσει τα προβλήματα που αντιμετωπίζει στους τομείς των διαπροσωπικών σχέσεων, να προσαρμοστεί στο περιβάλλον του και να αντιμετωπίσει πιθανές συγκρούσεις, εσωτερικές ή εξωτερικές. Κατά συνέπεια, η συμβολή της συμβουλευτικής στην ειδική αγωγή και εκπαίδευση είναι άκρως σημαντική. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να διερευνηθεί η εννοιολογική προσέγγιση και συνεισφορά της Συμβουλευτικής ως Εφαρμοσμένος κλάδος της Ψυχολογίας, στο εκπαιδευτικό σύστημα και στην Ειδική Αγωγή ειδικότερα, στους γονείς των παιδιών με ειδικές εκπαιδευτικές ανάγκες καθώς και στους ίδιους τους μαθητές. Η μέθοδος που χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την διαχείριση και αιτιολόγηση των ανωτέρω ερευνητικών ερωτημάτων, αναλύθηκε μέσω ξενόγλωσσης και ελληνικής βιβλιογραφικής ανασκόπησης, αξιοποιώντας την υπάρχουσα καταγεγραμμένη επιστημονική γνώση και βιβλιογραφία. Τα αποτελέσματα και τα ευρήματα της παρούσας εργασίας αφορούν πρώτον, στην ανάδειξη συνύπαρξης του κλάδου της συμβουλευτικής στην εκπαίδευση και στην ειδική αγωγή, δεύτερον στην εξειδίκευση των εκπαιδευτικών ως ενισχυτές-μοχλούς θετικής παρακίνησης των παιδιών, τρίτον στους κηδεμόνες και τα παιδιά ως αποδέκτες εξατομικευμένων υπηρεσιών και προγραμμάτων και τέλος στην καθοριστική σημασία της ύπαρξης των σχολικών συμβούλων στην πρωτοβάθμια και δευτεροβάθμια εκπαίδευση και τον ρόλο που διαδραματίζουν σε αυτήν.
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Risk of Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes: A meta-analysis
Creators: name: Despres, J.-P.
name: Bray, G. A.
name: Malik, V. S.
name: Willett, W. C.
name: Popkin, B. M.
name: Hu, F. B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: OBJECTIVEConsumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), which include soft drinks, fruit drinks, iced tea, and energy and vitamin water drinks has risen across the globe. Regular consumption of SSBs has been associated with weight gain and risk of overweight and obesity, but the role of SSBs in the development of related chronic metabolic diseases, such as metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes, has not been quantitatively reviewed.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSWe searched the MEDLINE database up to May 2010 for prospective cohort studies of SSB intake and risk of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. We identified 11 studies (three for metabolic syndrome and eight for type 2 diabetes) for inclusion in a random-effects meta-analysis comparing SSB intake in the highest to lowest quantiles in relation to risk of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes.RESULTSBased on data from these studies, including 310,819 participants and 15,043 cases of type 2 diabetes, individuals in the highest quantile of SSB intake (most often 1–2 servings/day) had a 26% greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes than those in the lowest quantile (none or <1 serving/month) (relative risk [RR] 1.26 [95% CI 1.12–1.41]). Among studies evaluating metabolic syndrome, including 19,431 participants and 5,803 cases, the pooled RR was 1.20 [1.02–1.42].CONCLUSIONSIn addition to weight gain, higher consumption of SSBs is associated with development of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. These data provide empirical evidence that intake of SSBs should be limited to reduce obesity-related risk of chronic metabolic diseases.
title: The evolution of maturation in Daphnia
Creators: name: Harney, Ewan
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: Maturation is a key life history transition for many organisms, due to the importance of age and size at maturity in determining fitness. Understanding how maturation phenotypes evolve requires an appreciation of the underlying ontogenetic mechanisms, including the maturation threshold, which determines when an individual ‘decides’ to mature. Maturation thresholds are poorly understood, and little is known about how phenotypically plastic or genetically variable they are, or how variable thresholds influence fitness. In this thesis the evolution of maturation thresholds is investigated using the crustaceans Daphnia magna and D. pulex. A comprehensive approach to modelling the maturation process found that the maturation threshold was a developmentally plastic trait in response to variable resource availability, and more closely resembled a process with a rate than a discrete switch. The maturation threshold also differed between genotypes for both species, and these differences were more apparent in D. magna than D. pulex. A second study of maturation in D. magna identified clone-specific parental effects in the threshold. Furthermore, these parental effects influenced growth, and reaction norms for age and size at maturity were a product of interacting effects between both growth and maturation threshold. A microarray study of gene expression changes in D. pulex found that most gene expression changes during maturation were continuous, further supporting the idea that the threshold is better thought of as a rate than a switch. This study also identified increases in vitellogenin transcripts, indicating the allocation of resources towards reproduction, and potential mechanisms for epigenetic inheritance and endocrine control of maturation. Finally the fitness consequences of variation in the maturation threshold were investigated in D. magna. Genotypes with a smaller threshold had a higher intrinsic rate of population increase, but threshold size did not correlate well with competitive success when five clones were directly competed with each other, suggesting that interactions with other factors were influencing fitness. The findings of this thesis suggest that maturation thresholds are not based on a single fixed state, but are responsive to environmental variation. The presence of heritable variation and transgenerational effects in these developmentally plastic traits suggests an important and adaptive role for them in the evolution of age and size at maturity.
Pion electric polarizability from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Alexandru, Andrei
name: Lujan, Michael
name: Freeman, Walter
name: Lee, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic polarizabilities are important parameters for understanding the interaction between photons and hadrons. For pions these quantities are poorly constrained experimentally since they can only be measured indirectly. New experiments at CERN and Jefferson Lab are planned that will measure the polarizabilities more precisely. Lattice QCD can be used to compute these quantities directly in terms of quark and gluons degrees of freedom, using the background field method. We present results for the electric polarizability for two different quark masses, light enough to connect to chiral perturbation theory. These are currently the lightest quark masses used in polarizability studies.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Talk presented at Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum XI, 8-12 September 2014, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
Switching to Once-Daily Liraglutide From Twice-Daily Exenatide Further Improves Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Using Oral Agents
Creators: name: Schmidt, W. E.
name: Chang, C.-T.
name: Buse, J. B.
name: Xu, Y.
name: Sesti, G.
name: Montanya, E.
name: Rosenstock, J.
name: Blonde, L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: OBJECTIVETo evaluate efficacy and safety of switching from twice-daily exenatide to once-daily liraglutide or of 40 weeks of continuous liraglutide therapy.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSWhen added to oral antidiabetes drugs in a 26-week randomized trial (Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes [LEAD]-6), liraglutide more effectively improved A1C, fasting plasma glucose, and the homeostasis model of β-cell function (HOMA-B) than exenatide, with less persistent nausea and hypoglycemia. In this 14-week extension of LEAD-6, patients switched from 10 μg twice-daily exenatide to 1.8 mg once-daily liraglutide or continued liraglutide.RESULTSSwitching from exenatide to liraglutide further and significantly reduced A1C (0.32%), fasting plasma glucose (0.9 mmol/l), body weight (0.9 kg), and systolic blood pressure (3.8 mmHg) with minimal minor hypoglycemia (1.30 episodes/patient-year) or nausea (3.2%). Among patients continuing liraglutide, further significant decreases in body weight (0.4 kg) and systolic blood pressure (2.2 mmHg) occurred with 0.74 episodes/patient-year of minor hypoglycemia and 1.5% experiencing nausea.CONCLUSIONSConversion from exenatide to liraglutide is well tolerated and provides additional glycemic control and cardiometabolic benefits.
TeleHealth Improves Diabetes Self-Management in an Underserved Community: Diabetes TeleCare
Creators: name: Davis, R. M.
name: Salaam, M. M.
name: Zimmer-Galler, I. E.
name: Hitch, A. D.
name: Herman, W. H.
name: Mayer-Davis, E. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: OBJECTIVE To conduct a 1-year randomized clinical trial to evaluate a remote comprehensive diabetes self-management education (DSME) intervention, Diabetes TeleCare, administered by a dietitian and nurse/certified diabetes educator (CDE) in the setting of a federally qualified health center (FQHC) in rural South Carolina.
title: Characterising the role of murine gammaherpesvirus-68 host shutoff protein in mediating cellular mRNA degradation
Creators: name: Sheridan, Victoria
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: During lytic infection with a number of pathogenic viruses, host cells have been found to exhibit loss of mRNA culminating in loss of cellular proteins, a phenomenon termed host shutoff. In γ-herpesviruses, the precise mechanism by which host shutoff takes place is yet to be fully determined. Initially, host shutoff in Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) was associated with the viral DNA exonuclease SOX (shutoff and exonuclease), which was followed by the identification of host shutoff in Epstein Barr virus (EBV) linked to the SOX homologue BGLF5. Murine γ-herpesvirus-68 (MHV-68) is a γ-herpesvirus that infects murid rodents including laboratory mice, with extensive viral genome homology to KSHV and EBV. MHV-68 was also found to induce host shutoff via the SOX homologue ORF37. The similarities between MHV-68 and the human γ-herpesviruses make the mouse virus an ideal model for studying host shutoff and consequences of host shutoff in disease pathogenesis. In this study, MHV-68 was used to investigate the role of ORF37 in MHV-68 infection in vitro and in vivo and to examine possible mechanisms of mRNA degradation mediated by ORF37. A stop codon mutant of MHV-68 (ORF37Stop) and its corresponding revertant (ORF37StopRev) were engineered. ORF37Stop virus exhibited highly restrictive phenotype in immunocompetent cells. In contrast, lack of ORF37 was tolerated in cells lacking a functional intereferon- α/β receptor (IFNαβRKO). These in vitro observations were replicated, to some extent, in vivo with the mutant virus establishing lytic infection in the lungs of IFNαβRKO mice. Interestingly, host shutoff was found to proceed even in the absence of ORF37, but only where functional type I IFN-mediated responses were lacking. A poly(A) tail assay was used to investigate the possibility of mRNA degradation at the 3’ mRNA. In contrast to a previously published study, the results suggest that cellular poly(A) tails do not appear to be elongated as a result of MHV-68 lytic infection. Data generated during this project have identified a novel function by which ORF37-mediated host shutoff causes mRNA degradation and that a primary role of this viral protein is to overcome the type I interferon-receptor-mediated responses. The observation that host shutoff can proceed in the absence of ORF37 in cells unable to respond to type I IFNs highlight two important possibilities: other viral proteins may mediate host shutoff; and type I IFN effector mechanisms are a key player in host shutoff. These novel observations together with lack of a mechanism by which ORF37 mediates mRNA degradation warrant further studies in this field.
Gravity field modelling for optical clock comparisons
Creators: name: Denker, Heiner
name: Timmen, Ludger
name: Voigt, Christian
Publisher: name: Prague : International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG)
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Gravity field modelling
subject: geoid
subject: optical clocks
subject: EGG2015
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften

description: A coordinated programme of clock comparisons is carried out within the EMRP-funded project “International Timescales with Optical Clocks” (ITOC), aiming at a validation of the uncertainty budgets of the new optical clocks in view of an optical redefinition of the SI second. Based on Einstein’s general relativity theory, clocks are affected by the gravitational field and the velocity of the clocks. For an Earth-bound clock at rest, the corresponding relativistic redshift effect is directly related to the (geodetic) gravity potential. As optical clocks are now targeting a relative accuracy of 10^{-18}, corresponding to a sensitivity of about 0.1 m^2/s^2 in terms of the geopotential or 0.01 m in height, precise knowledge of the gravity potential is required at the respective clock sites. Alternatively, optical clocks may also be employed for deriving the gravity potential (denoted as “chronometric levelling” or “relativistic geodesy”) and hence offer completely new options for geodetic height determination. The ITOC project involves clock sites at the national metrological institutes in France, Germany, Italy and the United Kingdom. In order to determine the gravity potential with best possible accuracy at these sites, two approaches are considered, namely geometric levelling and GNSS ellipsoidal heights in combination with a gravimetric (quasi)geoid model. Additional absolute and relative gravity observations were carried out around the clock sites and then used to compute an updated quasigeoid model. The general strategy, the work undertaken so far, the update of the quasigeoid models as well as corresponding differences and accuracies are presented. The EMRP is jointly funded by the EMRP participating countries within EURAMET and the European Union.
Acoustic Scene Classification
Creators: name: Barchiesi, Daniele
name: Giannoulis, Dimitrios
name: Stowell, Dan
name: Plumbley, Mark D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this article we present an account of the state-of-the-art in acoustic scene classification (ASC), the task of classifying environments from the sounds they produce. Starting from a historical review of previous research in this area, we define a general framework for ASC and present different imple- mentations of its components. We then describe a range of different algorithms submitted for a data challenge that was held to provide a general and fair benchmark for ASC techniques. The dataset recorded for this purpose is presented, along with the performance metrics that are used to evaluate the algorithms and statistical significance tests to compare the submitted methods. We use a baseline method that employs MFCCS, GMMS and a maximum likelihood criterion as a benchmark, and only find sufficient evidence to conclude that three algorithms significantly outperform it. We also evaluate the human classification accuracy in performing a similar classification task. The best performing algorithm achieves a mean accuracy that matches the median accuracy obtained by humans, and common pairs of classes are misclassified by both computers and humans. However, all acoustic scenes are correctly classified by at least some individuals, while there are scenes that are misclassified by all algorithms.
Are the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans Associated With Reduced Risk of Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors?: Twenty-year findings from the CARDIA study
Creators: name: Popkin, B. M.
name: Zamora, D.
name: Shikany, J. M.
name: Gordon-Larsen, P.
name: Jacobs, D. R.
name: He, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: OBJECTIVE To examine the prospective association between accordance with the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) and subsequent diabetes incidence and changes in cardiometabolic risk factors.
Kongsbergia crassipalpis subsp. crassipalpis K. Viets
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Aturidae
Kongsbergia
Kongsbergia crassipalpis
Kongsbergia crassipalpis crassipalpis k. viets

description: Kongsbergia crassipalpis crassipalpis K. Viets
Records from the study area: Maharashtra—“ Kongsbergia variabilis ” Cook (1967); “ K. variabilis ” Prasad (1974).
Habitat: Streams; probably hyporheophilous.
Distribution: India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
Additional file 1: of A guide to applying the Good Publication Practice 3 guidelines in the Asia-Pacific region
Creators: name: Hesp, Blair
name: Arai, Katsuhisa
name: Chu, Magdalene
name: Chuah, Stefanie
name: Curameng, Jose
name: Kamat, Sandeep
name: Zhigang Ma
name: Sakko, Andrew
name: Fernandez, Hazel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Appendix (DOCX 22 kb)
Association Between Periodontitis and Impaired Fasting Glucose and Diabetes
Creators: name: Choi, Y.-H.
name: Mayer-Davis, E. J.
name: Merchant, A. T.
name: McKeown, R. E.
name: Liese, A. D.
name: Song, K.-B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: OBJECTIVEMany studies have reported that periodontal disease is associated with diabetes, but its relation with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) has been understudied. This study investigated the relationship between chronic periodontitis, IFG, and diabetes in the U.S. population.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSParticipants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III, aged ≥20 years, who received periodontal examinations and provided blood samples (n = 12,254) were grouped into quintiles of mean clinical attachment loss (CAL) and pocket depth, with the lowest category being the reference. Plasma fasting glucose was categorized into three groups (normal, <100 mg/dL; IFG, ≥100 but <126 mg/dL; and diabetic, ≥126 mg/dL). Sociodemographic factors and other potential risk factors were obtained by interview or examination. SAS 9.1 was used for statistical analysis accounting for the complex weighted sampling.RESULTSParticipants in the top quintile category of CAL had higher prevalence odds of IFG (odds ratio [OR] 1.55 [95% CI 1.16–2.07]) and diabetes (4.77 [2.69–8.46]) after adjustment for related confounders, compared with those in the bottom quintile. The highest quintile of pocket depth was positively associated with IFG (1.39 [1.00–1.92]) and diabetes (1.63 [1.10–2.42]) compared with the lowest quintile. ORs for CAL increased from the lowest to the highest quintile (P value test for trend <0.01) for all outcomes. The ORs for pocket depth also tended to rise across quintiles.CONCLUSIONSChronic periodontitis measured by CAL and pocket depth was positively associated in a linear relation with IFG and diabetes in U.S. adults.
title: The role of redox balance in pulmonary innate immunity
Creators: name: Rylance, Jamie
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: Introduction: Household air pollution (HAP) affects one half of the world population, comprises 90% of global particulate exposure, and is associated with mortality from respiratory infections. Particulates are known to alter cellular redox balance, including that of the alveolar macrophage (AM). We investigate redox balance as a mechanism to explain the link between particulate exposure and failure of innate immune function. Methods: Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed on healthy human volunteers in the UK (low HAP) and Malawi (high HAP). Antioxidant capacity was determined (concentrations of oxidised and reduced glutathione, and antioxidant capacities of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase). AM function was assessed by capacity to phagocytose, and to produce oxidative burst and proteolysis activity within the phagosome using reporter-fluorophore coated silica beads. AM cytokine responses to lipopolysaccharide and to respirable size wood smoke particles were measured before and after ex vivo treatment to reduce glutathione content. Personal exposure to particulates was estimated by the cytoplasmic content of black carbon within AM. Results: AM glutathione was similar in UK and Malawi non-smokers (of which 4.3% was in oxidised form). One quarter of Malawians exhibited a high oxidised glutathione phenotype (8.6% of total). Malawians exhibited higher levels of extracellular glutathione, and intracellular malondialdehyde and particulate content than UK volunteers. Nrf2 levels in Malawian AM were proportional to levels of particulate matter. We demonstrated no association between particulate matter content and AM cytokine responses to lipopolysaccharide or wood. Glutathione depletion did not consistently alter AM cytokine production. In vivo particulate exposure correlates with reduced AM phagosomal oxidative capacity, and increased cellular Nrf-2 concentration, but phagocytosis and phagosomal proteolysis are unaffected. Conclusion: Malawians have high levels of AM particulate exposure, as expected from HAP surveys. This is associated with evidence of oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation), antioxidant upregulation (raised extracellular glutathione, intracellular Nrf2) and a specific defect in AM function (reduced oxidative burst). Antibacterial function of the AM is key to preventing pulmonary infection: in a population subjected to high levels of household air pollution, particulate related defects in AM function could explain the high prevalence of infective respiratory illness.
Etiological Approach to Characterization of Diabetes Type: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study
Creators: name: Fujimoto, W.
name: Klingensmith, G. J.
name: Pihoker, C.
name: Dabelea, D.
name: Marcovina, S. M.
name: Imperatore, G.
name: Mayer-Davis, E. J.
name: D'Agostino, R. B.
name: Lawrence, J. M.
name: Dolan, L. M.
name: Linder, B.
name: Talton, J. W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: OBJECTIVE To describe an etiologic approach to classification of diabetes types in youth based on the 1997 American Diabetes Association (ADA) framework, using data from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study.
Instantons and Monopoles
Creators: name: Di Giacomo, Adriano
name: Hasegawa, Masayasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study is part of a research program aimed to investigate the relations between instantons, monopoles, and chiral symmetry breaking. Monopoles are important 3-dimensional topological configurations existing in QCD, which are believed to produce colour confinement. Instantons are 4-dimensional topological configurations and are known to be related to chiral symmetry breaking. To study the relation between monopoles and instantons we generate configurations adding to the vacuum state static monopole-antimonopole pairs of opposite charges by use of a monopole creation operator. We observe that the monopole creation operator only adds long monopole loops to the configurations. We then count the number of fermion zero modes using Overlap fermions as a tool. As a result we find that each monopole-antimonopole pair of magnetic charge one adds one zero mode of chirality $\pm1$, i.e. one instanton of topological charge $\pm1$.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1412.2704
Χρήση του SIEM (ELK Wazuh use case)
Creators: name: Σαρηκιοσές, Κωνσταντίνος
name: Sarikioses, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: SIEM
subject: Elastic
subject: Wazuh
subject: Security
subject: Threat hunting

description: Το cyber threat hunting είναι η διαδικασία της προληπτικής και επαναληπτικής αναζήτησης μέσω δικτύων για τον εντοπισμό και την απομόνωση προωθούμενων απειλών που αποφεύγουν τις υπάρχουσες ρυθμίσεις ασφαλείας. Για την ανάλυση των logs χρησιμοποιείται το Elasticsearch, το οποίο είναι μια κατανεμημένη και ανοιχτού κώδικα μηχανή ανάλυσης για όλους τους τύπους δεδομένων. Επιπροσθέτως γίνεται χρήση του Wazuh plugin, μια δωρεάν, ανοιχτού κώδικα και έτοιμη για επιχειρήσεις λύση παρακολούθησης ασφάλειας για ανίχνευση απειλών, παρακολούθηση ακεραιότητας, απόκριση συμβάντων και συμμόρφωση. Υλοποιήθηκαν οι ενέργειες εγκατάσταση Wazuh server και agents, τα σενάρια ελέγχου ύποπτων αρχείων μέσω VirusTotal, επίβλεψη USB συσκευών αποθήκευσης και επίβλεψη Docker.
Magnesium Intake and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies
Creators: name: Xun, P.
name: Qin, L.-Q.
name: Dong, J.-Y.
name: He, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Emerging epidemiological evidence suggests that higher magnesium intake may reduce diabetes incidence. We aimed to examine the association between magnesium intake and risk of type 2 diabetes by conducting a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies.
The hamburger theorem
Creators: name: Kano, Mikio
name: Kynčl, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C35, 28A75

description: We generalize the ham sandwich theorem to $d+1$ measures in $\mathbb{R}^d$ as follows. Let $μ_1,μ_2, \dots, μ_{d+1}$ be absolutely continuous finite Borel measures on $\mathbb{R}^d$. Let $ω_i=μ_i(\mathbb{R}^d)$ for $i\in [d+1]$, $ω=\min\{ω_i; i\in [d+1]\}$ and assume that $\sum_{j=1}^{d+1} ω_j=1$. Assume that $ω_i \le 1/d$ for every $i\in[d+1]$. Then there exists a hyperplane $h$ such that each open halfspace $H$ defined by $h$ satisfies $μ_i(H) \le (\sum_{j=1}^{d+1} μ_j(H))/d$ for every $i \in [d+1]$ and $\sum_{j=1}^{d+1} μ_j(H) \ge \min(1/2, 1-dω) \ge 1/(d+1)$. As a consequence we obtain that every $(d+1)$-colored set of $nd$ points in $\mathbb{R}^d$ such that no color is used for more than $n$ points can be partitioned into $n$ disjoint rainbow $(d-1)$-dimensional simplices.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures; a new proof of Theorem 8, extended concluding remarks
title: A measurement of σ(Z → μμ) using the LHCb detector at CERN
Creators: name: Hicks, Emma
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2014

description: LHCb is one of four main experiments at the LHC in CERN. This thesis analyses 1.03 fb−1 of √s = 7 TeV data collected in 2011. Measurements of the Z → μμ cross-section and a differential measurement with respect to Z boson rapidity are presented. The primary motivations for making these measurements are to probe the accuracy of the Standard Model and constrain theoretical parton distribution functions. Final state radiation causes a downward shift in the reconstructed dimuon invariant mass and broadening in the peak. Reconstructing the radiated photon means the invariant mass distribution shift can be corrected for. Here final state radiation is implemented in LHCb simulation for the first time. It is used to study the effect on the reconstructed Z mass distribution. Selections are placed on the distance between the photon and muon, and the photon PT . The distribution is fitted to be 12% narrower than the non-reconstructed sample. The measured mass of the Z boson is increased from 91.047 GeV to 91.054 GeV. The kinematic requirements placed on the muons are: both muons must have transverse momentum, PT > 20 GeV; the dimuon invariant mass, 60
Sensor-Augmented Pump Therapy for A1C Reduction (STAR 3) Study: Results from the 6-month continuation phase
Creators: name: Buse, J. B.
name: Welsh, J. B.
name: Ahmann, A.
name: Bergenstal, R. M.
name: Perkins, B. A.
name: Joyce, C.
name: Davis, S. N.
name: Tamborlane, W. V.
name: Wood, M. A.
name: Willi, S. M.
name: Dailey, G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of crossing over from optimized multiple daily injection (MDI) therapy to sensor-augmented pump (SAP) therapy for 6 months, and the effects of 18 months' sustained use of SAP.  RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The 6-month, single-crossover continuation phase of Sensor-Augmented Pump Therapy for A1C Reduction (STAR 3) provided SAP therapy to 420 subjects who completed the 1-year randomized study. The primary outcome was change in A1C in the crossover group.  RESULTS A1C values were initially lower in the continuing-SAP group than in the crossover group (7.4 vs. 8.0%, P < 0.001). A1C values remained reduced in the SAP group. After 3 months on the SAP system, A1C decreased to 7.6% in the crossover group (P < 0.001); this was a significant and sustained decrease among both adults and children (P < 0.05).  CONCLUSIONS Switching from optimized MDI to SAP therapy allowed for rapid and safe A1C reductions. Glycemic benefits of SAP therapy persist for at least 18 months.
Genetic Analysis and Adaptability of Sorghum Germplasm in Semi-arid Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Nyoni, Nokuqala
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2021
Subjects: PR-316
Genomics
ZWE
Climate change
ITPGRFA-BSF
Sorghum
Crop diversity
Breeding
Adaptation
Characterization and evaluation
Stress
Resilience
Native varieties

description: This BSc thesis was supported through the project “Exploring wide crosses derived crop biodiversity (sorghum x maize) for climate resilience and food and nutrition security in Eastern and Southern Africa” funded in the 4th cycle of the Benefit Sharing Fund (BSF) of the International Treaty of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) of the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO).

This study seeks to determine the extent of diversity among forty-nine sorghum genotypes/accessions and evaluate their adaptability to some semi-arid parts of Zimbabwe using quantitative traits and identify sorghum accessions that are superior in desirable characteristics.

Sorghum is a very diverse crop that can easily adapt to drought prone and marginal environments. Studying the genetic diversity of sorghum germplasm collections from Zimbabwe and other areas attracts special interest because a large amount of genetic variation is present in cultivated and wild sorghum germplasm in Zimbabwe and this diversity has not been fully investigated. Over the years studies have dealt with evaluating the diversity in sorghum based solely on morphological traits using smaller collections of exotic grain material. Although these provide useful information about the genetic variability among accessions, the genotype of some available sorghum germplasm still remains unknown. It has therefore been reported that using quantitative morphological traits using bigger collection of both exotic and indigenous germplasm could be more effective in evaluating the genetic diversity of accessions. However,to to date, a few studies have assessed sorghum’s genetic diversity using morphological traits under Zimbabwean conditions
A multiphase mixed-methods analysis of UK e-commerce privacy policies
Creators: name: Johnson, David
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Database technology and advanced statistical processes have rendered it possible to process unprecedented volumes of personal data. However, tension exists between the rights of those that are the subject of personal data processing and the interests of commercial organisations and governments. Privacy policies are supposed to describe how and why personal data is processed. The aim of this research was to explore how these statements could be improved in the context of UK e-commerce. A novel, mixed method phased approach was adopted to address the research aim. In phase one a content analysis of UK e-commerce privacy policies was carried out. Findings showed UK e-commerce privacy policies do not consistently follow good practice guidelines. Moreover, results revealed several information gaps that need to be addressed considering the transparency obligations outlined in the General Data Protection Regulation. Phase two explored user attitudes towards UK e-commerce privacy policies. Barriers to readership and heuristics are outlined along with perceived positive and negative characteristics of UK e-commerce privacy policies. Phase three examined user attitudes towards a layered prototype privacy policy revealing preferences for summary and full layered notices. Phase four demonstrated perceived ease of use and perceived efficiency differences in support of the prototype layered privacy policy compared to a typical privacy. In addition, findings highlighted user support for privacy policy standardisation. Findings from phases one to four are synthesised and evidence-based recommendations are made that are aimed at improving UK e-commerce privacy policies in the short and long term.
The Association Between Maternal Glucose Concentration and Child BMI at Age 3 Years
Creators: name: Herring, A. H.
name: Deierlein, A. L.
name: Siega-Riz, A. M.
name: Chantala, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: OBJECTIVEThe objective of the study was to determine the association between child BMI at age 3 years and maternal glucose concentration among women without pre-existing diabetes or a gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) diagnosis.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSData are from the Pregnancy Infection and Nutrition and Postpartum studies and include 263 mother-child pairs. Measured weights and heights at 3 years were used to calculate age- and sex-specific BMI z scores and percentiles. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine associations of continuous BMI z scores with maternal glucose concentration. Modified Poisson regression estimated risk ratios of child overweight/obesity (BMI ≥85th percentile).RESULTSThe mean (SD) maternal glucose concentration and prepregnancy BMI were 103.8 (23.7) mg/dL and 24.3 (5.9) kg/m2, respectively. At 3 years, the mean (SD) child BMI z score was 0.29 (0.99), 20.9% were overweight/obese and 5.3% were obese. In the adjusted model, when compared with glucose concentration <100 mg/dL, a concentration ≥130 mg/dL was associated with significantly higher child BMI z score at 3 years (estimated z score difference of 0.39 [95% CI: 0.03–0.75]). With the use of the same reference category, a concentration ≥130 mg/dL was associated with an approximate twofold greater risk of child overweight/obesity (adjusted risk ratio 2.34 [95% CI: 1.25–4.38]).CONCLUSIONSFetal exposure to high maternal glucose concentration in the absence of pre-existing diabetes or GDM may contribute to the development of overweight/obesity in the offspring, independent of maternal prepregnancy BMI.
title: A CONVENIENT ROUTE TO NOVEL 2-ARYLOXAZOLINES AND THEIR USE AS LIGANDS IN ALUMINIUM AND RARE EARTH COMPLEXES
Creators: name: Beckingham, Oliver
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: A novel route has been developed to a diverse range of chiral and achiral 2-aryloxazolyl ligands, compounds which have previously seen little attention due to the difficulty of their synthesis via traditional methods. These ligands possess many promising characteristics for the formation of novel catalysts with high oxidation state metal centres and for the formation of luminescent devices. Using our method ligands are synthesized simply in three steps from readily available and inexpensive aryloxide and amino alcohol starting materials. The method can be applied to ligands with electron-donating/-withdrawing and sterically demanding/undemanding substituents, and can conveniently be scaled-up to give >25 g of final product. Complexes of these ligands have been made with Al3+ and Ln3+ metal centres and display promising characteristics for catalytic activity including evidence of chiral self-assembly and hemilability. As such an exciting new class of complexes have been opened up for research and it is hoped that this will lead to the development of new and interesting asymmetric catalysts. Elements of this research have been published: Aspinall, H. C.; Beckingham, O.; Farrar, M. D.; Greeves, N.; Thomas, C. D.; Tetrahedron Letters 52 (2011) 5120–5123
title: Multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical applications
Creators: name: Olariu, Cristina
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: The objective of this thesis was to develop and prepare multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles with targeting and bimodal imaging capabilities for cancer diagnostic applications. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were the key component in the multifunctional nanoparticles prepared. In a first approach, alkoxysilane ligands were used to introduce functional groups such as amino, bromo, iodo, nitrile, and vinyl on the surface of SPIONs. Physicochemical analyses showed that each silane ligand formed a dense silane monolayer covalently attached to the nanoparticle surface. The amino-functionalised SPIONs were successfully modified yielding amino and carboxylic acid-bifunctionalised SPIONs using a succinylation reaction. This nanoparticle system showed no cytotoxicity during cell viability evaluations. Further conjugation with fluorescent dye and antibodies produced targeted bimodal optical/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) agents, confirmed by good contrast enhancement capabilities. The conjugated antibody successfully enabled the targeted delivery of SPIONs to pancreatic cancer cells in vitro. The targeting efficiency and the nanoparticle cellular uptake were monitored using fluorescence and confocal microscopy. In a second approach, hydrophobic and monodisperse SPIONs were coated with amphiphilic polyoxazoline to produce colloidally stable magneto-micelles. This magneto-micellar system showed high colloidal stability in water, phosphate buffered saline as well as at different pH values. Fluorescent dyes were successfully co-assembled into the magneto-micelles providing for the localisation of the nanoparticles in the cells by confocal microscopy. Antibodies conjugated to nontoxic magneto-micelles allowed for binding to specific receptors present on pancreatic cancer cells. The targeting efficiency and accumulation of the antibody labelled magneto-micelles into pancreatic cancer cells was evaluated using live cell confocal microscopy. Their performance as MRI contrast agents was evaluated using relaxivity measurements and it was shown that the clustering effect of the SPIONs within the core of the micelle is particularly favourable for enhancing the contrast on MRI images. Both approaches provided efficient routes of preparation of multifunctional platforms to achieve the desired targeting and bimodal imaging capabilities.
Power Allocation in the Energy Harvesting Full-Duplex Gaussian Relay Channels
Creators: name: Feghhi, Mahmood Mohassel
name: Mirmohseni, Mahtab
name: Abbasfar, Aliazam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we propose a general model to study the full-duplex non-coherent decode-and-forward Gaussian relay channel with energy harvesting (EH) nodes, called NC-EH-$\mathcal{RC}$, in three cases: $i)$ no energy transfer (ET), $ii)$ one-way ET from the source (S) to the relay (R), and $iii)$ two-way ET. We consider the problem of optimal power allocation in NC-EH-$\mathcal{RC}$ in order to maximize the total transmitted bits from S to the destination in a given time duration. General stochastic energy arrivals at S and R with known EH times and values are assumed. In NC-EH-$\mathcal{RC}$ with no ET, the complicated min-max optimization form along with its constraints make the problem intractable. It is shown that this problem can be transformed to a solvable convex form; however, convex optimization solution does not provide the structural properties of the optimal solution. Therefore, following an alternative perspective, we investigate conditions on harvesting process of S and R where we find optimal algorithmic solution. Further, we propose some suboptimal algorithms and provide some examples, in which the algorithms are optimal. Moreover, we find a class of problems for NC-EH-$\mathcal{RC}$ with one-way ET from S to R, where the optimal algorithmic solution is devised. For NC-EH-$\mathcal{RC}$ with two-way ET, we propose \emph{general} optimal algorithmic solution. Furthermore, the performance of the proposed algorithms are evaluated numerically and compared with optimal numerical convex optimization tools.
description: Accepted for publication in International Journal of Communication Systems (Special Issue on Energy Efficient Wireless Communication Networks with QoS), October 2014
Non-commutativity measure of quantum discord
Creators: name: Guo, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum discord is a manifestation of quantum correlations due to non-commutativity rather than entanglement. Two measures of quantum discord by the amount of non-commutativity via the trace norm and the Hilbert-Schmidt norm respectively are proposed in this paper. These two measures can be calculated easily for any state with arbitrary dimension. It is shown by several examples that these measures can reflect the amount of the original quantum discord.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures. Some misprints are corrected
The DURAbility of Basal versus Lispro mix 75/25 insulin Efficacy (DURABLE) Trial: Comparing the durability of lispro mix 75/25 and glargine
Creators: name: Martin, S. A.
name: Hippler, S.
name: Buse, J. B.
name: Herman, W. H.
name: Fahrbach, J. L.
name: Wolffenbuttel, B. H. R.
name: Jiang, H. H.
name: Shenouda, S. K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: OBJECTIVE This study compared the durability of glycemic control of twice-daily insulin lispro mix 75/25 (LM75/25: 75% insulin lispro protamine suspension/25% lispro) and once-daily insulin glargine, added to oral antihyperglycemic drugs in type 2 diabetes patients.
Shaping Effective Readers: An Investigation of Faculty Perceptions and Pedagogies
Creators: name: Armstrong, Anne
name: Insua, Glenda
name: Lantz, Catherine
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Although information literacy instruction seldom addresses academic reading, strong reading skills are paramount to successful research. This study aims to explore faculty perspectives on first-year students’ reading behaviors and to discover their perceptions of prevalent challenges to student reading as well as interventions used to teach reading. The researchers analyze reading interventions through the lens of constructivism, which holds that learners use their previous knowledge as a foundation and build on it new things that they learn. The article highlights pedagogies targeting both the cognitive domain, which involves mental skills and the acquisition of knowledge, and the affective domain, which concerns feelings, emotions, and attitudes. It offers practical insights to librarians for expanding information literacy instruction and partnerships to strengthen student reading skills.
Binary interactions with high accretion rates onto main sequence stars
Creators: name: Shiber, Sagiv
name: Schreier, Ron
name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Energetic outflows from main sequence stars accreting mass at very high rates might account for the powering of some eruptive objects, such as merging main sequence stars, major eruptions of luminous blue variables, e.g., the Great Eruption of Eta Carinae, and other intermediate luminosity optical transients (ILOTs; Red Novae; Red Transients). These powerful outflows could potentially also supply the extra energy required in the common envelope process and in the grazing envelope evolution of binary systems. We propose that a massive outflow/jets mediated by magnetic fields might remove energy and angular momentum from the accretion disk to allow such high accretion rate flows. By examining the possible activity of the magnetic fields of accretion disks we conclude that indeed main sequence stars might accrete mass at very high rates, up to ~0.01 Mo/yr for solar type stars, and up to ~1 Mo/yr for very massive stars. We speculate that magnetic fields amplified in such extreme conditions might lead to the formation of massive bipolar outflows that can remove most of the disk's energy and angular momentum. It is this energy and angular momentum removal that allows the very high mass accretion rate on to main sequence stars.
description: Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press