cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Non-Abelian gravitating solitons with negative cosmological constant
Creators: name: Breitenlohner, Peter
name: Maison, Dieter
name: Lavrelashvili, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Static, spherically symmetric solutions with regular origin are investigated of the Einstein-Yang-Mills theory with a negative cosmological constant $Λ$. A combination of numerical and analytical methods leads to a clear picture of the `moduli space' of the solutions. Some issues discussed in the existing literature on the subject are reconsidered and clarified. In particular the stability of the asymptotically AdS solutions is studied. Like for the Bartnik-McKinnon (BK) solutions obtained for $Λ=0$ there are two different types of instabilities -- `topological' and `gravitational'. Regions with any number of these instabilities are identified in the moduli space. While for BK solutions there is always a non-vanishing equal number of instabilities of both types, this degeneracy is lifted and there exist stable solutions, genuine sphalerons with exactly one unstable mode and so on. The boundaries of these regions are determined.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures
Notes on limits of accessible categories
Creators: name: Positselski, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $κ$ be a regular cardinal, $λ<κ$ be a smaller infinite cardinal, and $\mathsf K$ be a $κ$-accessible category where colimits of $λ$-indexed chains exist. We show that various category-theoretic constructions applied to $\mathsf K$, such as the inserter and the equifier, produce $κ$-accessible categories $\mathsf E$ again, and the most obvious expected description of the full subcategory of $κ$-presentable objects in $\mathsf E$ in terms of $κ$-presentable objects in $\mathsf K$ holds true. In particular, if $\mathsf C$ is a $κ$-small category, then the category of functors $\mathsf C\rightarrow\mathsf K$ is $κ$-accessible, and its $κ$-presentable objects are precisely all the functors from $\mathsf C$ to the $κ$-presentable objects of $\mathsf K$. We proceed to discuss the preservation of $κ$-accessibility by conical pseudolimits, lax and oplax limits, and weighted pseudolimits. The results of this paper go back to an unpublished 1977 preprint of Ulmer. Our motivation comes from the theory of flat modules and flat quasi-coherent sheaves.
description: LaTeX 2e with xy-pic; 35 pages, 40 commutative diagrams; v.2: new Sections 0.6 and 7-9 inserted, Remark 10.8 inserted, proof of Proposition 4.2 expanded, references added; v.3: reference [26] added
PRODUCTION, ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF AGRICULTURAL BIOGAS PLANT IN KOSTKOWICE
Efekty produkcyjne, ekonomiczne i środowiskowe agrobiogazowni w Kostkowicach
Creators: name: Węglarzy, Karol
name: Skrzyżala, Irena
name: Stekla, Julia
name: Matros, Barbara
name: Węglarzy, Karol
name: Skrzyżala, Irena
name: Stekla, Julia
name: Matros, Barbara
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: biomass,
subject: renewable energy,
subject: biogas plant,
subject: ecological effect

description: This paper presents the economic and ecological effect of Kostkowice Agricultural biogas plant based on a four year study carried out on the prototype installation. Agricultural biogas plant is part of the nature of the research conducted for twenty years at the National Research Institute of Animal PIB Experimental Station. Prof. Mieczyslaw Czaja relates to various aspects of environmental protection. It describes the economic justification for the production of energy from waste biomass (manure, slurry, wastes from feeding table), by the characteristics of substrates and products. It was found that agricultural biogas plant in rural areas are an important link in energy security, mainly due to the very high availability. Ecological effect is presented as effect of the installation solutions for the reduction of pollution of water, soil and air. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions through the recycling of environmentally harmful by-products of animal production of electricity and thermal energy, which is a substitute for environmentally harmful fossil fuels. The advantage of substances digestate is odorless, which is important both in an effort to improve the work culture in agriculture and improving living conditions in rural communities and it is an indisputable argument for the use of biomass for energy purposes.
description: DOI: 10.17306/J.JARD.2017.00314
EFFICIENCY OF FIELD FARMS SITUATED IN LESS-FAVORED AREAS (LFAS) AND BESIDE IN DOLNOŚLĄSKIE AND OPOLSKIE VOIVODESHIPS IN 2011–2013
Efektywność funkcjonowania gospodarstw rolnych specjalizujących się w uprawach polowych położonych na terenach ONW i poza w województwie dolnośląskim i opolskim w latach 2011–2013
Creators: name: Zieliński, Marek
name: Zieliński, Marek
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Farm Management
subject: field farm,
subject: Less Favoured Areas (LFA),
subject: family farm income,
subject: Polish Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN)

description: The aim of this paper is to identify differences in production potential, organization of production, economic efficiency and investment abilities of two groups of polish field farms with cereals, oilseeds and protein crops situated in Less Favoured Areas (LFA) and beside in Dolnośląskie and Opolskie voivodeship. In order to achieve this aim empirical data was used from 64 farms situated in 64 farms that was situated in LFA and from 348 remaining farms that collected data from 2011 to 2013 for Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) in 2011–2013. It was found that farms situated in LFA in comparison to remaining farms characterized larger utilized agricultural – area (UAA) and higher share of rented area. Moreover, worse technical equipment of labour and lower family farm income per 1 hectare of UAA is indicated.
description: DOI: 10.17306/J.JARD.2017.00315
Helicity amplitudes and electromagnetic decays of hyperon resonances
Creators: name: Van Cauteren, Tim
name: Ryckebusch, Jan
name: Metsch, Bernard
name: Petry, Herbert-R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for the helicity amplitudes of the lowest-lying hyperon resonances Y*, computed within the framework of the Bonn constituent-quark model, which is based on the Bethe-Salpeter approach. The seven parameters entering the model were fitted to the best known baryon masses. Accordingly, the results for the helicity amplitudes are genuine predictions. Some hyperon resonances are seen to couple more strongly to a virtual photon with finite Q^2 than to a real photon. Other Y*'s, such as the S_{01}(1670) Lambda resonance or the S_{11}(1620) Sigma resonance, couple very strongly to real photons. We present a qualitative argument for predicting the behaviour of the helicity asymmetries of baryon resonances at high Q^2.
description: 20 pages, 26 figures, uses svjour.cls style, submitted to the European Physical Journal A
CA01_P.Santos_Ludmila_10520932.pdf
Creators: name: Santos, Ludmila Pereira Dos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80201 Analysis of Algorithms and Complexity
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine Learning for Renewable Energy Smart Grid. How Machine Learning and Data Analytics are helping Renewable Energy
Beanoides Pellinen & Wahlberg 2021, gen. nov
Creators: name: Pellinen, Markku J.
name: Wahlberg, Niklas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nolidae
Beanoides

description: Beanoides Pellinen gen. nov
(Fig.s 4 a–c and 5 a–d)
 Type species: Beana nitida Tams, 1924.
 Currently Beanoides is a monotypic genus, including B. nitida only. It belongs to Chloephorinae, best placed close to genus Ariolica Walker 1864. Externally Beanoides is different from Ariolicini species, but male genitalia have similarities; apical form of valva, exterior basal hair-pencil (not strong in Beanoides) in valves, aedeagus vesica with several small spines also tymbal organ is not present in the basal sternal sclerite, though there are other features that connect Beanoides to Ariolica like the narrow basal sternal sclerite with somewhat longer and narrower apodemes on either side of a generally concave margin.
 Diagnosis and Description. The new genus resembles Beana terminigera (Fig.s 4 d–f and 5 e–h) externally by size (wingspan ~ 34–35 mm), although it is more variable in the forewing pattern. There is no clear sexual dimorphism in Beanoides nitida.
description: Published as part of Pellinen, Markku J. & Wahlberg, Niklas, 2021, Changes in the genus Beana Walker (Beaninae Zahiri & Holloway) with two new species and removing Beana nitida Tams to a new genus Beanoides (gen. nov.), pp. 415-424 in Zootaxa 4941 (3) on page 421, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4941.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/4595423
Can social safety nets protect public health? The effect of India’s workfare and foodgrain subsidy programmes on anaemia
Creators: name: Narayanan, Sudha
name: Gerger, Nicolas
name: Rathore, Udayan
name: Naraparaju, Karthikeya
name: Narayanan, Sudha
name: Gerger, Nicolas
name: Rathore, Udayan
name: Naraparaju, Karthikeya
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: safety nets, PDS, MGNREGA, India, anaemia

description: Can large-scale social safety nets be nutrition sensitive even if they do not explicitly incorporate health and nutrition as programmatic goals? This paper focuses on the consequences of a countrywide guaranteed workfare programme (MGNREGA) and subsidised food distribution scheme (PDS) in India for the prevalence of anaemia, examining whether individuals in districts with a broader reach of these mega-programmes are less likely to be anaemic. Using an Instrumental Variable (IV) approach to address the endogeneity of programme scale, we find that an individual residing in a district where the programmes have broader reach is less likely to suffer from all forms of anaemia and has a lower haemoglobin deficit from the benchmark suggested by the World Health Organisation (WHO) – ranging between 0.91 to 6.2 percentage points for a 10 percentage point expansion in programme scale. While the PDS seems to be more effective in reducing the incidence of mild anaemia than moderate or severe anaemia, while the strength of effects for MGNREGA seem to be the least for mild. These are catch-all effects that represent partial and general equilibrium impacts through multiple pathways. Programme interaction effects suggest the MGNREGA and PDS may be substitutes – associated improvements in anaemia for regions with higher PDS access (MGNREGA participation) are more pronounced when the scale of MGNREGA participation (PDS access) is low. There exist nonlinearities in these relationships, with the efficacy of both programmes varying across scales of implementation.
title: Crimen organizado: marco conceptual y desafíos estructurales
title: Análisis comparado entre Italia y Argentina
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Banchio, Pablo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: crimen organizado, mafia, corrupción, lavado de activos, derecho comparado, Ley RICO, Italia-Argentina
organized crime, mafia, corruption, money laundering, comparative law, RICO Act, Italy-Argentina

description: Este trabajo ofrece una exploración integral del concepto de crimen organizado desde una perspectiva dogmática, criminológica y comparada,  a través del estudio de diversas fuentes normativas como la Convención de Palermo, el Código Penal argentino, la jurisprudencia italiana y la legislación estadounidense RICO. Asimismo, brinda un análisis comparativo de los factores estructurales que facilitan el crimen organizado en Italia y Argentina, destacando las diferencias estructurales, metodológicas y relacionales entre las mafias tradicionales (como Cosa Nostra y 'Ndrangheta) y las formas emergentes de crimen organizado en Argentina (como los carteles de Rosario y las redes de trata de personas). El trabajo concluye enfatizando la necesidad de reformas legales específicas en Argentina para combatir eficazmente las manifestaciones más complejas y peligrosas del crimen organizado, particularmente aquellas que exhiben características de una mafia.
description: ORGANIZED CRIME: CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK, AND STRUCTURAL CHALLENGES  

Comparative analysis between Italy and Argentina

Abstract: This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of organized crime from dogmatic, criminological, and comparative perspectives, by examining various legal frameworks such as the Palermo Convention, the Argentine Penal Code, Italian jurisprudence, and the U.S. RICO Act. The paper also presents a comparative analysis of the structural factors that facilitate organized crime in Italy and Argentina, highlighting the structural, methodological, and relational differences between traditional mafias (like Cosa Nostra and 'Ndrangheta) and emerging forms of organized crime in Argentina (such as the Rosario cartels and human trafficking networks). The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for specific legal reforms in Argentina to effectively combat the more complex and dangerous manifestations of organized crime, particularly those exhibiting characteristics of a mafia.

Keywords: organized crime, mafia, corruption, money laundering, comparative law, RICO Act, Italy-Argentina
Using generative adversarial networks to synthesize artificial financial datasets
Creators: name: Efimov, Dmitry
name: Xu, Di
name: Kong, Luyang
name: Nefedov, Alexey
name: Anandakrishnan, Archana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) became very popular for generation of realistically looking images. In this paper, we propose to use GANs to synthesize artificial financial data for research and benchmarking purposes. We test this approach on three American Express datasets, and show that properly trained GANs can replicate these datasets with high fidelity. For our experiments, we define a novel type of GAN, and suggest methods for data preprocessing that allow good training and testing performance of GANs. We also discuss methods for evaluating the quality of generated data, and their comparison with the original real data.
The Potential for Healthier and Energy Efficient American Diets
Creators: name: Rehkamp, Sarah
name: Canning, Patrick
name: Rehkamp, Sarah
name: Canning, Patrick
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Dietary Guidelines
subject: Dietary Patterns
subject: Energy
subject: Health
subject: U.S. Food System

description: Optimization modeling was used to create two hypothetical healthy diets, one that minimizes changes from the current American diet and another that minimizes energy use. Both healthy diets reduce energy use in the U.S. food system, include animal-based foods, and maintain or reduce household food expenses.
Trace formulas and inverse spectral theory for generalized indefinite strings
Creators: name: Eckhardt, Jonathan
name: Kostenko, Aleksey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 34A55, 34B07, Secondary 34L05, 37K15

description: Generalized indefinite strings provide a canonical model for self-adjoint operators with simple spectrum (other classical models are Jacobi matrices, Krein strings and 2x2 canonical systems). We prove a number of Szegő-type theorems for generalized indefinite strings and related spectral problems (including Krein strings, canonical systems and Dirac operators). More specifically, for several classes of coefficients (that can be regarded as Hilbert-Schmidt perturbations of model problems), we provide a complete characterization of the corresponding set of spectral measures. In particular, our results also apply to the isospectral Lax operator for the conservative Camassa-Holm flow and allow us to establish existence of global weak solutions with various step-like initial conditions of low regularity via the inverse spectral transform.
description: 96 pages. Main additions: Corollaries 7.1, 7.2, 10.1, 10.2 and Section 13.3
Are Supershells Powered by Multiple Supernovae? Modeling the Radio Pulsar Population Produced by OB Associations
Creators: name: Perna, Rosalba
name: Gaensler, Bryan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Traditional searches for radio pulsars have targeted individual small regions such as supernova remnants or globular clusters, or have covered large contiguous regions of the sky. None of these searches has been specifically directed towards giant supershells, some of which are likely to have been produced by multiple supernova (SN) explosions from an OB association. Here we perform a Montecarlo simulation of the pulsar population associated with supershells powered by multiple SNe. We predict that several tens of radio pulsars could be detected with current instruments associated with the largest Galactic supershells (with kinetic energies >~ 10^{53} ergs), and a few pulsars with the smaller ones. We test these predictions for some of the supershells which lie in regions covered by past pulsar surveys. For the smaller supershells, our results are consistent with the few detected pulsars per bubble. For the giant supershell GSH 242-03+37, we find the multiple SN hypothesis inconsistent with current data at the 95% level. We stress the importance of undertaking deep pulsar surveys in correlation with supershells. Failure to detect any pulsar enhancement in the largest of them would put serious constraints on the multiple SN origin for them. Conversely, the discovery of the pulsar population associated with a supershell would allow a different/independent approach to the study of pulsar properties.
description: accepted to ApJ; 17 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Evolution of late Palaeozoic shearing in the Cobequid Highlands: constraints on the fragmentation of the Appalachian orogen in Nova Scotia along intra-continental shear zones
Creators: name: Piper, David J. W.
name: Pe-Piper, Georgia
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Table S1. Samples with bulk sediment εNd360 determinations.
The Copernican Principle in Compact Spacetimes
Creators: name: Barrow, John D.
name: Levin, Janna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Copernicus realised we were not at the centre of the universe. A universe made finite by topological identifications introduces a new Copernican consideration: while we may not be at the geometric centre of the universe, some galaxy could be. A finite universe also picks out a preferred frame: the frame in which the universe is smallest. Although we are not likely to be at the centre of the universe, we must live in the preferred frame (if we are at rest with respect to the cosmological expansion). We show that the preferred topological frame must also be the comoving frame in a homogeneous and isotropic cosmological spacetime. Some implications of topologically identifying time are also discussed.
description: 5 pages
Deliverable D-JRP-TOXOSOURCES-WP4.1 SOP for a novel source-attributing serological method
Creators: name: Álvarez García, Gema
name: Ortega Mora, Luis M.
name: López Ureña, Nadia M.
name: Spano, Furio
name: Seeber, Frank
name: Koudela, Břetislav
name: Davidson, Rebecca
name: Blaga, Radu
name: Jokelainen, Pikka
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Toxoplasma gondii
TOXOSOURCES

description: Deliverable D-JRP-TOXOSOURCES-WP4.1 SOP for a novel source-attributing serological method
Small sample corrections for Wald tests in Latent Variable Models
Creators: name: Ozenne, Brice
name: Fisher, Patrick M.
name: Budtz-Jørgensen, Esben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Latent variable models (LVMs) are commonly used in psychology and increasingly used for analyzing brain imaging data. Such studies typically involve a small number of participants (n<100), where standard asymptotic results often fail to appropriately control the type 1 error. This paper presents two corrections improving the control of the type 1 error of Wald tests in LVMs estimated using maximum likelihood (ML). First, we derive a correction for the bias of the ML estimator of the variance parameters. This enables us to estimate corrected standard errors for model parameters and corrected Wald statistics. Second, we use a Student's t-distribution instead of a Gaussian distribution to account for the variability of the variance estimator. The degrees of freedom of the Student's t-distributions are estimated using a Satterthwaite approximation. A simulation study based on data from two published brain imaging studies demonstrates that combining these two corrections provides superior control of the type 1 error rate compared to the uncorrected Wald test, despite being conservative for some parameters. The proposed methods are implemented in the R package lavaSearch2 available at https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/lavaSearch2.
A Flexible n/2 Adversary Node Resistant and Halting Recoverable Blockchain Sharding Protocol
Creators: name: Xu, Yibin
name: Huang, Yangyu
name: Shao, Jianhua
name: Theodorakopoulos, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Blockchain sharding is a promising approach to solving the dilemma between decentralisation and high performance (transaction throughput) for blockchain. The main challenge of Blockchain sharding systems is how to reach a decision on a statement among a sub-group (shard) of people while ensuring the whole population recognises this statement. Namely, the challenge is to prevent an adversary who does not have the majority of nodes globally but have the majority of nodes inside a shard. Most Blockchain sharding approaches can only reach a correct consensus inside a shard with at most $n/3$ evil nodes in a $n$ node system. There is a blockchain sharding approach which can prevent an incorrect decision to be reached when the adversary does not have $n/2$ nodes globally. However, the system can be stopped from reaching consensus (become deadlocked) if the adversary controls a smaller number of nodes. In this paper, we present an improved Blockchain sharding approach that can withstand $n/2$ adversarial nodes and recover from deadlocks. The recovery is made by dynamically adjusting the number of shards and the shard size. A performance analysis suggests our approach has a high performance (transaction throughput) while requiring little bandwidth for synchronisation.
description: Accepted by Concurrency and Computation Practice and Experience
Evolution of late Palaeozoic shearing in the Cobequid Highlands: constraints on the fragmentation of the Appalachian orogen in Nova Scotia along intra-continental shear zones
Creators: name: Piper, David J. W.
name: Pe-Piper, Georgia
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Figure S3. Proposed trace of the Lynn Mountain Fault.
title: Paratesticular Myxofibrosarcoma
Creators: name: Haddad, Gaelle
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Uroradiology & genital male imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Anatomy
subject: CT
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: 81-year-old male with a history of hypertension, presented to the clinic after detecting a left inguinal mass by palpation. He also complained of progressive groin discomfort of 6 months duration. No associated fever, weight loss, night sweats or gastrointestinal signs and symptoms. No history of trauma or infection.

description: 81 years, male
Evolution of late Palaeozoic shearing in the Cobequid Highlands: constraints on the fragmentation of the Appalachian orogen in Nova Scotia along intra-continental shear zones
Creators: name: Piper, David J. W.
name: Pe-Piper, Georgia
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Appendix 1. Study of veins in the Lynn Mountain Fault zone. Part 3.
A cross-sectional study of the willingness to consume insects in a culture without entomophagy
Creators: name: Peksever, D.
name: Ruby, M.B.
name: El, S.N.
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 309999
subject: Other agricultural, veterinary and food sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Entomophagy is the technical term for eating insects and traditionally a part of daily diet in many tropical and subtropical countries. The rapidly increasing world population, industry and human-induced environmental pollution, and global warming reduce agricultural lands and clean water resources and make it difficult to produce sufficient food and therefore protein. Although edible insects are a promising opportunity as they require fewer natural resources than other animal foods, they are not considered as the food of the future in many Western countries for reasons such as disgust. A growing body of research in a diverse array of cultural contexts has examined people’s attitudes towards eating insects, but this work has not yet included Türkiye, a country with a well-established traditional cuisine and where entomophagy is highly novel. This study examined attitudes toward eating insects, and predictors thereof, in a large Turkish community sample (n = 914). For willingness to eat whole insects, age was a significant positive predictor, and food neophobia, disgust sensitivity, and being female were negative predictors for both whole insects and insect flour foods. For both types of insect foods, disgust was a negative predictor and belief in the benefits of eating insects was a positive predictor. This pattern of results is concordant with work from many other cultural contexts in the Americas, Asia, and Western Europe, providing further evidence for the importance of reducing food neophobia and disgust sensitivity and providing information about the benefits of insect foods in order to improve attitudes toward entomophagy.
A Kernel of Truth: Determining Rumor Veracity on Twitter by Diffusion Pattern Alone
Creators: name: Rosenfeld, Nir
name: Szanto, Aron
name: Parkes, David C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent work in the domain of misinformation detection has leveraged rich signals in the text and user identities associated with content on social media. But text can be strategically manipulated and accounts reopened under different aliases, suggesting that these approaches are inherently brittle. In this work, we investigate an alternative modality that is naturally robust: the pattern in which information propagates. Can the veracity of an unverified rumor spreading online be discerned solely on the basis of its pattern of diffusion through the social network? Using graph kernels to extract complex topological information from Twitter cascade structures, we train accurate predictive models that are blind to language, user identities, and time, demonstrating for the first time that such "sanitized" diffusion patterns are highly informative of veracity. Our results indicate that, with proper aggregation, the collective sharing pattern of the crowd may reveal powerful signals of rumor truth or falsehood, even in the early stages of propagation.
description: Published at The Web Conference (WWW) 2020
NMR Techniques for Quantum Control and Computation
Creators: name: Vandersypen, Lieven M. K.
name: Chuang, Isaac L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fifty years of developments in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) have resulted in an unrivaled degree of control of the dynamics of coupled two-level quantum systems. This coherent control of nuclear spin dynamics has recently been taken to a new level, motivated by the interest in quantum information processing. NMR has been the workhorse for the experimental implementation of quantum protocols, allowing exquisite control of systems up to seven qubits in size. Here, we survey and summarize a broad variety of pulse control and tomographic techniques which have been developed for and used in NMR quantum computation. Many of these will be useful in other quantum systems now being considered for implementation of quantum information processing tasks.
description: 33 pages, accepted for publication in Rev. Mod. Phys., added subsection on T_{1,\rho} (V.A.6) and on time-optimal pulse sequences (III.A.6), redid some figures, made many small changes, expanded references
Static post-Newtonian equivalence of GR and gravity with a dynamical preferred frame
Creators: name: Eling, Christopher
name: Jacobson, Ted
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generally covariant extension of general relativity (GR) in which a dynamical unit timelike vector field is coupled to the metric is studied in the asymptotic weak field limit of spherically symmetric static solutions. The two post-Newtonian parameters known as the Eddington-Robertson-Schiff parameters are found to be identical to those in the case of pure GR, except for some non-generic values of the coefficients in the Lagrangian.
description: 13 pages; v.2: minor editing, signs corrected, version to appear in PRD; v. 3: signs corrected in eqn (3)
Radial Star Formation Histories in 32 Nearby Galaxies
Creators: name: Dale, Daniel A.
name: Anderson, Kristin R.
name: Bran, Louis M.
name: Cox, Isaiah S.
name: Drake, Carolyn L.
name: Lee, Nathan J.
name: Pilawa, Jacob D.
name: Slane, F. Alexander
name: Soto, Susana
name: Jensen, Emily I.
name: Sutter, Jessica S.
name: Turner, Jordan A.
name: Kobulnicky, Henry A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spatially resolved star formation histories are studied for 32 normal star-forming galaxies drawn from the the Spitzer Extended Disk Galaxy Exploration Science survey. At surface brightness sensitivities fainter than 28 mag arcsec$^{-2}$, the new optical photometry is deep enough to complement archival ultraviolet and infrared imaging and to explore the properties of the emission well beyond the traditional optical extents of these nearby galaxies. Fits to the spectral energy distributions using a delayed star formation history model indicate a subtle but interesting average radial trend for the spiral galaxies: the inner stellar systems decrease in age with increasing radius, consistent with inside-out disk formation, but the trend reverses in the outermost regions with the stellar age nearly as old as the innermost stars. These results suggest an old stellar outer disk population formed through radial migration and/or the cumulative history of minor mergers and accretions of satellite dwarf galaxies. The subset of S0 galaxies studied here show the opposite trend compared to what is inferred for spirals: characteristic stellar ages that are increasingly older with radius for the inner portions of the galaxies, and increasingly younger stellar ages for the outer portions. This result suggests that either S0 galaxies are not well modeled by a delayed-$τ$ model, and/or that S0 galaxies have a more complicated formation history than spiral galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1511.03285
Catco's Experience in Export Agriculture - Strategies for the Future
Creators: name: Pires, Joe A.
name: Pires, Joe A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy
International Development

description: The Caribbean Agricultural Trading Company (CATCO) was established in 1982 as a subsidiary of the Caribbean Food Corporation (51%) and the Private Sector (49%). The Company traded initially in intraregional produce and input supplies with disastrous results. Management has been provided under three contracts from 1982 to March 1990. Local personnel are now in direct control of the Company. After attempting to trade in winter vegetables for two seasons the company stressed extra regional trade of non-traditional crops primarily to the ethnic niche markets in the United Kingdom and Continental Europe and to a lesser extent in North America. Efforts will be made to expand the small market base which has been established in North America. Volumes and value of trade have increased by over 60% per year from 1986 except in 1989/1990, when the ravages of Hurricane Hugo and a shortage of working capital prevented the company from reaching its targets. A new injection of funds and cooperative programmes with the Governments of individual member states should provide sufficient finance and produce to increase trading by the historical 60% in the short term. Whilst many problems have been solved and difficulties overcome, the company must still conquer many constraints. It is anticipated that CATCO will cover its cost of operations by 1991/1992.
Evolution of late Palaeozoic shearing in the Cobequid Highlands: constraints on the fragmentation of the Appalachian orogen in Nova Scotia along intra-continental shear zones
Creators: name: Piper, David J. W.
name: Pe-Piper, Georgia
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Figures S1 and S2. Lithogeochemical plots compared with St Maryâ€™s graben (Murphy 2000).
Evolution of late Palaeozoic shearing in the Cobequid Highlands: constraints on the fragmentation of the Appalachian orogen in Nova Scotia along intra-continental shear zones
Creators: name: Piper, David J. W.
name: Pe-Piper, Georgia
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Appendix 1. Study of veins in the Lynn Mountain Fault zone. Part 2.
Distribution of quantum gravity induced entanglement in many-body systems
Creators: name: Ghosal, Pratik
name: Ghosal, Arkaprabha
name: Bandyopadhyay, Somshubhro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, it was shown that if two distant test masses, each in a spatially superposed quantum state, become entangled due to their mutual gravitational interaction, then this entanglement could serve as evidence of the quantum nature of gravity. We extend this treatment to a many-body system in a general setup and study the entanglement properties of the time-evolved state. We exactly compute the time-dependent I-concurrence for every bipartition and obtain the necessary and sufficient condition for the creation of genuine many-body entanglement. We further show that this entanglement is of generalised GHZ type when certain conditions are met. We also evaluate the amount of multipartite entanglement in the system using a set of generalised Meyer-Wallach measures.
description: v2: Published version; minor changes and edits
A laser-ARPES study of LaNiO3 thin films grown by sputter deposition
Creators: name: Cappelli, Edoardo
name: Tromp, Willem
name: Walker, Siobhan McKeown
name: Tamai, Anna
name: Gibert, Marta
name: Baumberger, Felix
name: Bruno, Flavio Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thin films of the correlated transition-metal oxide LaNiO$_3$ undergo a metal-insulator transition when their thickness is reduced to a few unit cells. Here, we use angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to study the evolution of the electronic structure across this transition in a series of epitaxial LaNiO$_3$ films of thicknesses ranging from 19 to 2 u.c. grown in situ by RF magnetron sputtering. Our data show a strong reduction of the electronic mean free path as the thickness is reduced below 5 u.c. This prevents the system from becoming electronically two-dimensional, as confirmed by the largely unchanged Fermi surface seen in our experiments. In the insulating state we observe a strong suppression of the coherent quasiparticle peak but no clear gap. These features resemble previous observations of the insulating state of NdNiO$_3$.
description: Submitted to APL Materials
Stability of extremal Kähler manifolds
Creators: name: Mabuchi, Toshiki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32Q15(Primary), 32Q20, 14L24(Secondary)

description: In this paper, by generalizing the concept of balanced metrics, we shall show that Donaldson's asymptotic approximation of balanced metrics for constant scalar curvature cases can be generalized to extremal Kaehler cases.
description: to appear in Osaka J. Math. 41(2004)
Relating quantum privacy and quantum coherence: an operational approach
Creators: name: Devetak, Igor
name: Winter, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe how to achieve optimal entanglement generation and one-way entanglement distillation rates by coherent implementation of a class of secret key generation and secret key distillation protocols, respectively. This short paper is a high-level descrioption of our detailed papers [8] and [10].
description: 4 pages, revtex 4
Search for non-thermal X-ray emission in the colliding wind binary Cyg OB2 #8A
Creators: name: Mossoux, E.
name: Pittard, J. M.
name: Rauw, G.
name: Nazé, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cyg OB2 #8a is a massive O-type binary displaying strong non-thermal radio emission. Owing to the compactness of this binary, emission of non-thermal X-ray photons via inverse Compton scattering is expected. We first revised the orbital solution for Cyg OB2 #8a using new optical spectra. We then reduced and analysed X-ray spectra obtained with XMM-Newton, Swift, INTEGRAL, and NuSTAR. The analysis of the XMM-Newton and Swift data allows us to better characterise the X-ray emission from the stellar winds and colliding winds region at energies below 10 keV. We confirm the variation of the broad-band light curve of Cyg OB2 #8a along the orbit with, for the first time, the observation of the maximum emission around phase 0.8. The minimum ratio of the X-ray to bolometric flux of Cyg OB2 #8a remains well above the level expected for single O-type stars, indicating that the colliding wind region is not disrupted during the periastron passage. The analysis of the full set of publicly available INTEGRAL observations allows us to refine the upper limit on the non-thermal X-ray flux of the Cyg OB2 region between 20 and 200 keV. Two NuSTAR observations (phases 0.028 and 0.085) allow us to study the Cyg OB2 #8a spectrum up to 30 keV. These data do not provide evidence of the presence of non-thermal X-rays, but bring more stringent constraints on the flux of a putative non-thermal component. Finally, we computed, thanks to a new dedicated model, the anisotropic inverse Compton emission generated in the wind shock region. The theoretical non-thermal emission appears to be compatible with observational limits and the kinetic luminosity computed from these models is in good agreement with the unabsorbed flux observed below 10 keV.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, A&A accepted
title: Understanding lecturers' use of Virtual Learning Environments to support face-to-face teaching in UK Higher Education
Creators: name: Morón-García, Susan Doreen
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2004

description: Many institutions of higher education in the UK have invested in Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs). The main reason appears to be the enhancement of teaching and learning. This thesis sought to understand what was meant by enhancement and this thesis provides a richer picture of actual VLE use than that offered by surveys and user numbers. It concludes that the idea of enhancement comes from the association of Web and Internet-based technology (on which VLEs are built) with the creation of student-centred learning environments. This is important because of research showing a correlation between higher quality learning outcomes and a deep approach to learning and between a surface approach to learning and a teacher-focused approach to teaching. The focus of this research is the individual lecturer in face-to-face higher education. The aim was to investigate whether VLEs were being used to support student-centred teaching methods. This research took the form of an interview study that began by exploring whether and how VLEs were used. The pilot study helped re-focus the interview questions and clarify what was meant by student-centred teaching methods. 31 humanities and social science lecturers, from ten higher education institutions, were interviewed for the main study, in order to explore why and how a VLE was used and to identify contextual factors that impacted on that use. They were also asked to complete the Approaches to Teaching Inventory (ATI). Reasons for use were classified as original motivation (interest and pressure) and intended use (course management and the facilitation of learning). Four sets of issues were identified as impacting on use: student, technical, pedagogic and institutional. The ATI scores suggested that interviewees were more student- than teacher-focused in approach and therefore more likely to adopt student-centred methods. An analysis of comments from four selected transcripts confirmed this.
Mass Estimation of Galaxy Clusters with Deep Learning II: CMB Cluster Lensing
Creators: name: Gupta, N.
name: Reichardt, C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a new application of deep learning to reconstruct the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature maps from the images of microwave sky, and to use these reconstructed maps to estimate the masses of galaxy clusters. We use a feed-forward deep learning network, mResUNet, for both steps of the analysis. The first deep learning model, mResUNet-I, is trained to reconstruct foreground and noise suppressed CMB maps from a set of simulated images of the microwave sky that include signals from the cosmic microwave background, astrophysical foregrounds like dusty and radio galaxies, instrumental noise as well as the cluster's own thermal Sunyaev Zel'dovich signal. The second deep learning model, mResUNet-II, is trained to estimate cluster masses from the gravitational lensing signature in the reconstructed foreground and noise suppressed CMB maps. For SPTpol-like noise levels, the trained mResUNet-II model recovers the mass for $10^4$ galaxy cluster samples with a 1-$σ$ uncertainty $ΔM_{\rm 200c}^{\rm est}/M_{\rm 200c}^{\rm est} =$ 0.108 and 0.016 for input cluster mass $M_{\rm 200c}^{\rm true}=10^{14}~\rm M_{\odot}$ and $8\times 10^{14}~\rm M_{\odot}$, respectively. We also test for potential bias on recovered masses, finding that for a set of $10^5$ clusters the estimator recovers $M_{\rm 200c}^{\rm est} = 2.02 \times 10^{14}~\rm M_{\odot}$, consistent with the input at 1% level. The 2 $σ$ upper limit on potential bias is at 3.5% level.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Closed Trapped Surfaces in Cosmology
Creators: name: Ellis, George F R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of closed trapped surfaces need not imply a cosmological singularity when the spatial hypersurfaces are compact. This is illustrated by a variety of examples, in particular de Sitter spacetime admits many closed trapped surfaces and obeys the null convergence condition but is non-singular in the k=+1 frame.
description: 11 pages. To appear in GRG, Vol 35 (August issue)
Intermittent planet migration and the formation of multiple dust rings and gaps in protoplanetary disks
Creators: name: Wafflard-Fernandez, Gaylor
name: Baruteau, Clément
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A key challenge for protoplanetary disks and planet formation models is to be able to make a reliable connection between observed structures in the disks emission, like bright and dark rings or asymmetries, and the supposed existence of planets triggering these structures. The observation of N dark rings of emission is often interpreted as evidence for the presence of N planets which clear dust gaps around their orbit and form dust-trapping pressure maxima in the disk. The vast majority of the models that studied the impact of planets on the dynamics of dust and gas in a protoplanetary disk assumed planets on fixed orbits. Here we go a different route and examine how the large-scale inward migration of a single planet structures the dust content of a massive disk. In many circumstances, the migration of a partial gap-opening planet with a mass comparable to Saturn is found to run away intermittently. By means of 2D gas and dust hydrodynamical simulations, we show that intermittent runaway migration can form multiple dust rings and gaps across the disk. Each time migration slows down, a pressure maximum forms beyond the planet gap that traps the large dust. Post-processing of our simulations results with 3D dust radiative transfer calculations confirms that intermittent runaway migration can lead to the formation of multiple sets of bright and dark rings of continuum emission in the (sub)millimeter beyond the planet location.
description: 23 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Evolution of late Palaeozoic shearing in the Cobequid Highlands: constraints on the fragmentation of the Appalachian orogen in Nova Scotia along intra-continental shear zones
Creators: name: Piper, David J. W.
name: Pe-Piper, Georgia
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Table S2. Field stations with evidence for location of Lynn Mountain Fault.