Jipai longevus Colmenares, Moreno-González, Villarreal & Prendini, 2025, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Colmenares, Pío A.
name: Moreno-González, Jairo A.
name: Villarreal, Osvaldo
name: Prendini, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Schizomida
Hubbardiidae
Jipai
Jipai longevus

description: Jipai longevus sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 1684F0AB-0696-46E1-A7CB-DCAD73704447
Figures 1–6, Table 1
Diagnosis. As for genus.
Type material. Holotype ♂, paratype ♀ (MIZA), ♂, ♀ paratypes (AMNH), Venezuela: Amazonas: Municipio Atabapo: Comunidad Castillito, 83 m, 16.vii.2022, P.A. Colmenares, Q. Arias, E. Infante & O. Villarreal.
Etymology. The specific epithet recognizes the long career of Cuban arachnologist and zoologist Luis F. de Armas, who has worked on the Neotropical arachnid fauna for over five decades, producing numerous taxonomic contributions while mentoring generations of Latin American arachnologists.
Description. Based on the holotype ♂ (MIZA) and paratype ♀ (AMNH). Female as for male, except where noted otherwise. Measurements in Table 1.
Coloration: Prosoma dark yellowish brown; opisthosomal tergites and legs light yellowish brown; chelicerae and pedipalps medium yellowish brown (Fig. 2A–C).
Prosoma: Propeltidium anterior process with two setae, one posterior to the other, and three pairs of dorsosubmedian setae, posterior pair larger (Fig. 2A–C). Eyespot slender, elongated. Metapeltidium undivided. Anterior sternum with nine setae, plus three sternophysial setae; posterior sternum with six setae.
Chelicerae: Movable finger sharp and curved distally; serrula, composed of seventeen hyaline teeth, increasing in length distally; guard tooth and lamella present (Fig. 4B, C); rounded accessory teeth present on lamella, posterior to guard tooth. Fixed finger with three teeth of similar length between two larger teeth; distal tooth simple with basal tooth vestigial and proximal tooth bifid. G 1 (setal group 1) comprising three spatulate setae, one (dorsalmost) with basal surface almost smooth, other two with basal surface covered by four longitudinal rows of spicules; G 2 comprising five plumose setae, subequal and longer than movable finger; G 3 comprising four subequal setae, each with dorsal surfaces plumose and ventral surfaces serrate; G 4 comprising two short, stout, acuminate setae with smooth surfaces; G 5A comprising seven subequal setae, longer than fixed finger and plumose apically; G 5B comprising nine setae, longer than G 5A setae and plumose apically; G 6 comprising one smooth seta, more than half the length of movable finger; G 7 comprising six setae, plumose medially to apically, and decreasing in length distally. Setal group formula (G 1 – G 2 – G 3 – G 4 – G 5A – G 5B – G 6 – G 7): 3–5–4–2–7–9–1–6.
Pedipalps: Sexually dimorphic, pedipalp of male longer than female, without armature (Figs. 2B, F, 3A, B); 2.5 x (♂) or 1.8 x (♀) longer than propeltidium. Trochanter with apical process subconical; prolateral spur present. Femur slender, slightly swollen distally, 3.2 x (♂) or 1.4 x (♀) longer than high; retroventral surface with Fe 1, Fev 1 and Fev 2 setae acuminate; prolateral surface with Fmv 1 seta basal and Fmv 2–3 setae more distal. Patella slender, 4.2 x (♂) or 2.7 x (♀) longer than high; ventral surface with acuminate Pe 1 setae basal, and Pe 2–5 and Pm 1–5 setae in distal half. Tibia cylindrical, 3.5 x (♂) or 2.9 (♀) longer than high; ventral surface with Ter comprising four acuminate setae, and Tmr and Tir each comprising four apically plumose setae. Tarsus slightly conical, about one third the length of tibia; ventroapical spurs similar in length; tarsal claw sharp, curved.
Legs: Leg IV femur 2.1 x (♂) or 2.4 x (♀) longer than high (Fig. 2B, E).
Tergites: Tergite I divided, with two anterior pairs of microsetae and one posterior pair of Dm setae (Fig. 4A); II with three anterior pairs of microsetae and three posterior pairs of Dm, Dl 1 and Dl 2 setae; III–VII each with one pair of Dm setae; VIII with one pair of Dm setae; IX with Dl 1 and Dl 2 setae.
Sternites: Sternites I–III each with rows of scattered microsetae (Fig. 4D); IV–VIII each with Vm 2, Vl 1, and Vl 2 setae; IX and X each with Vm 1, Vm 2, Vl 1, and Vl 2 setae; XI with Vm 1, Dl 1, Vm 2, and Vl 1 setae; XII with Dm, Dl 1, Dl 2, Vm 2, Vl 1A, Vl 1B, and Vl 2 setae, and without posterodorsal abdominal process. Respiratory spiracles large, oval, and slightly sclerotized.
Male genitalia: Gonosternite ca. 0.3 x opisthosomal length, with rows of anterior macrosetae and scattered posterior microsetae (Fig. 4F). Pterapophysis (Pt) angular, concave, bent at angle of ca. 40° medially, and slightly wider apically. Median septum slightly shorter than Pt, also wider apically.
Spermathecae: Two pairs of lobes, LL stalk short, narrow, and straight with some basal DOs and apical opening where microtubule inserted (Fig. 4E); ML stalk long, 4 x longer than LL, and linear, covered with sclerotized DOs, and with apical opening where microtubule inserted; all lobe stalks wider basally, terminal circular receptacula absent. Chitinized arch with AB and PB open medially, PB sclerotized anteriorly, narrowing posteriorly; LT wide, projected, with rounded IA. Gonopod absent.
Flagellum: Male flagellum kite-shaped (rhomboidal) in dorsal view, approximately as wide as long (Figs. 5A–C, 6A–C); pair of rounded, dorsosubmedian eminences and ventromedian eminence distally, all separated by depression; Dm 1 seta and Vm 1 seta subaligned where pedicel connects flagellar bulb; Vm 1 and Vm 2 setae aligned; Vm 3 setae large, distal to Vm 1 and Vm 2 setae and proximal to Vl 1 setae; Dl 2 setae proximal to Vl 1 setae; Vm 5 seta closer to Vl 1 setae than to Vl 2 setae in lateral aspect; Dl 3 setae subapical, aligned with Vl 2 setae; Dm 4 seta absent; one pair of dorsal microsetae situated proximally on eminences, between Dm 1 and Dl 2 setae, and another pair of microsetae dorsal to Vm 2 setae; msP comprising four setae, second seta situated more ventrally than others, between Dl 2 and Dl 3 setae. Female flagellum comprising four flagellomeres and three annuli (Figs. 5D–F, 6D–F); flagellomere I asetose; II with Dm 1, Vm 1 and Vm 2 setae; III with pair of Dl 1 setae and pair of large Vm 3 setae; IV with Dl 2 and Vl 1 setae aligned; Vm 5 seta distal to Vl 1 setae; Dl 4 setae proximal to Dl 3 setae; Vl 2 and Dl 4 setae aligned; Dm 4 seta absent.
Distribution. Known only from the type locality in the state of Amazonas, Venezuela (Fig. 1).
Natural History. All specimens of the type series were taken from a single tree stump next to a group of rural houses atop a hill on the banks of the Orinoco River. The surrounding area was flooded as it was during the rainy season.
Remarks. Multiple pairs of setae on the dorsal surface of opisthosomal tergite II have only been reported in five hubbardiine genera, in addition to Jipai gen. nov. (Venezuela), which has six setae: Antillostenochrus Armas & Teruel, 2002 (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Haiti, and Puerto Rico), which has four to eight setae; Clavizomus Reddell & Cokendolpher, 1995 (Malaysia and Singapore), which has four to seven posterior setae; Mayazomus (Mexico), which has two to five setae; Pinero Teruel, 2018 (Cuba), which has four setae; and Draculoides Harvey, 1992 (Australia), which has two or three setae. Although the presence of multiple pairs of setae was considered synapomorphic for Mayazomus by Monjaraz-Ruedas & Francke (2016), this hypothesis remains to be tested by a phylogenetic analysis in which the other genera are included.
The absence of seta Dm 4 is rare among Hubbardiinae, having only been reported in Jipai longevus gen. nov. et sp. nov., Reddellzomus cubensis Armas, 2002, and Bamazomus siamensis Zheng et al., 2024, and is assumed to be autapomorphic for each of these species.
description: Published as part of Colmenares, Pío A., Moreno-González, Jairo A., Villarreal, Osvaldo & Prendini, Lorenzo, 2025, New genus and species of short-tailed whipscorpion (Schizomida: Hubbardiidae) from the Venezuelan Amazon, pp. 84-95 in Zootaxa 5563 (1) on pages 87-92, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5563.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/14596600