cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Worldview and resource development conflict
Creators: name: Lytle, Murray Bryson
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: It is hypothesized that there is a relationship between an individual’s underlying worldview and how supportive that individual is of resource development. There are five goals in this research: 1. to define worldview and explain its relevance to resource development conflict 2. to demonstrate that understanding history (of mining and of philosophy) is vital to defining and understanding the worldviews that are active in resource development 3. to propose an interrogatory methodology for defining a person’s operational worldview with respect to resource development conflict 4. to propose a methodology for evaluating the research data to conclude whether the hypothesis has merit in understanding and resolving resource development conflicts 5. to demonstrate, if possible, via a case study that worldview differences can be more fundamental to resource development conflicts than environmental or social issues What is worldview and why do some worldviews result in more creative societies? The formation of western philosophical schools of thought from the 18th Century until today is summarized and a survey of the literature on sustainability, poverty and aid and standards of corporate social responsibility is included. The research data to test the hypothesis was collected via an internet questionnaire in English and Spanish as well as administered one-on-one in the small Peruvian community of Tambogrande which is and was affected by resource development. The answers to the 143 questions from the 297 respondents were combined into common “themes” or variables in order to identify correlations in the data. Factor and cluster analyses techniques were employed to isolate those themes or variables which correlated to one of two variables which dealt directly with resource development and multivariate linear regressions were undertaken to test the correlations and develop predictive equations. It is concluded from this research that, for the respondents involved, worldview is predictive of attitudes towards resource development making available useful tools to assist in such development. Such tools may: • predict whether stakeholders to a resource development will become antagonistic • reduce the tension of resource conflict and allow new paths to resolution
AI-Driven Education: A Design Thinking Approach to Enhancing Learning Experiences
Creators: name: Vyshnavi S Vijayan, Tejaswini. S, Sukrutha A.V.G, Shubhankar Das, Sneha, Vishnu, Dr. Pooja Nagpal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming education by allowing adaptive learning, automatingadministrative duties, and offering immediate feedback. This study examines how the Design Thinkingframework, when combined with AI-driven education, might produce creative, student-centered learningopportunities. Using a secondary research technique, the study examines case studies, industry reports,and scholarly literature. Research shows that AI-powered learning resources increase student engagement,accommodate different learning preferences, and increase educational accessibility.
Copy number variation of the bacteria-binding mucosal glycoprotein DMBT1: mutation rate, balancing selection and transcript length
Creators: name: Alharbi, Adel F.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The DMBT1 gene codes for the 340kDa DMBT1 glycoprotein, also known as SALSA or salivary agglutinin, which is predominantly expressed in saliva and at mucosal surface, and binds to a wide variety of pathogens through tandemly-arranged scavenger receptor cystine-rich (SRCR) domains. DMBT1 shows extensive multiallelic germline copy number variation (CNV) across all populations, with the tandemly-repeated CNV leading to different alleles with between 7 to 21 SRCR domains. The de novo mutation rate at the DMBT1 CNV1 and CNV2, using a segregation study from multigenerational CEPH pedigrees, was one of the fastest mutation rates that may affect the coding sequence, 1.4% and 3.3%, respectively. Population genetics analysis was used as an indirect method to estimate the recombination rate based on the historic patterns of genetic variations among DNA sequences of natural populations. The recombination rate showed a very high mutation rate at DMBT1 CNV2 under the standard neutral model, from all populations was 0.58% recombination per generation across the size of the average copy number of CNV2, similar values found also at the European and African populations, 0.76% and 0.32%, respectively. Genome scans using genetic variation data have identified regions of balancing selection, yet in almost all cases the genetic and functional basis is unknown. One such region is at the 5′ end of the DMBT1 gene. Here, using expression analysis, linkage in pedigrees, and long-range single transcript sequence, I show that the signal of balancing selection is best explained by variable length SRCR tandem repeats within the coding region of DMBT1. It is known that different length SRCR tandem repeats affect the binding affinity of salivary agglutinin to bacteria, including Helicobacter pylori and Streptococcus mutans. Taken together, our evidence suggests that balancing selection at DMBT1 is due to different bacterial binding affinities of encoded SRCR tandem repeat alleles.
New polyconvolution product for Fourier-cosine and Laplace integral operators and their applications
Creators: name: Tuan, Trinh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42A38, 44A10, 44A35, 45E10, 45J05, 26D10

description: The goal of this paper is to introduce the notion of polyconvolution for Fourier-cosine, Laplace integral operators, and its applications. The structure of this polyconvolution operator and associated integral transforms are investigated in detail. The Watson-type theorem is given, to establish necessary and sufficient conditions for this operator to be isometric isomorphism (unitary) on $L_2 (\mathbb{R}_+)$, and to get its inverse represented in the conjugate symmetric form. The correlation between the existence of polyconvolution with some weighted spaces is shown, and Young's type theorem, as well as the norm-inequalities in weighted space, are also obtained. As applications, we investigate the solvability of a class of Toeplitz plus Hankel type integral equations and linear Barbashin's equations with the help of factorization identities of such polyconvolution. Several examples are provided to illustrate the obtained results to ensure their validity and applicability.
description: 18 pages, accepted by Math. Methods Appl. Sci
Investigating the physiological adaptations of Burkholderia species to stress conditions
Creators: name: Auty, Joss
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Burkholderia pseudomallei is an important tropical pathogen, biological threat, and the causative agent of melioidosis. It produces various dormant forms which may contribute to latent melioidosis infection. This project aimed to determine if Burkholderia species can undergo a transition to differential culturability, a physiological state where bacteria do not grow in standard media and do not produce colonies on agar. B. pseudomallei and Burkholderia thailandensis were incubated in phosphate buffered saline at either 21°C or 4°C for up to four weeks. During which the cultures were regularly sampled to determine viable counts and to allow microscopic analysis. Differentially culturable forms were generated during starvation of these bacteria, and the factors responsible for induction and resuscitation were characterised.At 21°C Burkholderia produced short rods that remained culturable and restarted growth in nutrient rich conditions. Incubation at 4°C resulted in a 3-log reduction in colony forming unit counts, and caused an accumulation of cocci cells which were stained with SYTO 9 but not propidium iodide. These bacteria could be resuscitated with the addition of culture supernatant or Lysogeny Broth supplemented with Catalase 130U/mL and Tween 80 0.05% (v/v). Cell wall remodeling enzymes have previously been shown to contribute to the generation of roundedcells in various Gram-negative bacteria. In accordance with these results a B. pseudomallei mutant with four deleted lytic transglycosylase genes, ΔltgGDFE produced less coccoid cells during starvation at 4°C and failed to resuscitate in the Catalase and Tween 80 supplemented media. The results reported in this thesis confirm that Burkholderia can produce differentially culturable forms (previously referred to as viable but non-culturable bacteria) and provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the adaptation of Burkholderia to stress conditions.
Aerobic granulation with low pH, low alkalinity municipal wastewater
Creators: name: Leong, Jason
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Aerobic granulation was successfully achieved using municipal wastewater with supplemental carbon addition, after a 166 day start-up period. During the start-up period, an increase in biomass particle size was noticed that correlated to a stepwise reduction in settling and decant time. During this time, the granular type formation had a fluffy structure with noticeable filamentous outgrowths. On the 82nd day of start-up, supplemental carbon, in the form of sugar, was added to the feed tank to increase the Organic Loading Rate (OLR) of the system. In addition to an increase in COD, a pH and alkalinity decrease in the feed occurred due to acetogenesis. Soon after the supplemental carbon addition, the biomass developed a denser morphology, with gelatinous, white-coloured, granules appearing on the 166th day. Although it was shown that aerobic granulation with low pH, low alkalinity municipal wastewater with supplemental carbon was possible, some issues were discovered. These issues include reduced nutrient removal, and lower granule density. The reduction in nutrient removal performance is potentially due to the lack of nitrification/denitrification, and shifting of the microbial ecology to favour Glycogen Accumulating Organisms (GAOs) or heterotrophs over Polyphosphate Accumulating Organisms (PAOs). It is hypothesized that the reduced pH of the influent was the main factor that caused the reduction in nutrient removal. The lower granule density is hypothesized to be a result of the absence of denitrification induced chemical phosphorus precipitation within the granule. As such, the lower granule density results in reduced granule settling velocities and increased Sludge Volume Index (SVI).
Theoretical Developments in Lattice Gauge Theory for Applications in Double-beta Decay Processes and Quantum Simulation
Creators: name: Kadam, Saurabh V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Double beta decays are rare nuclear processes that can occur in two modes: two-neutrino double beta decay, observed in the Standard Model, and neutrinoless double beta decay, a hypothetical process with profound implications for Particle Physics. To draw reliable conclusions from their experimental constraints, it is necessary to have accurate predictions of the underlying hadronic interactions described by quantum chromodynamics (QCD), a non-Abelian gauge theory with the symmetry group SU(3). QCD predictions require non-perturbative methods for calculating observables, and lattice QCD (LQCD), a numerical method based on QCD formulated on a finite space-time grid, is the only reliable first-principles technique for obtaining quantitative results. However, LQCD needs formal prescriptions to match numerical results with observables. This thesis provides such prescriptions for double beta decays using the finite volume effects in the LQCD framework. Matching relations that connect two-nucleon double beta decay amplitudes to quantities accessible via LQCD calculations, namely the nuclear matrix elements and two-nucleon energy spectra in a finite volume are provided. The impact of uncertainties is examined on the precision with which low-energy constants of the corresponding effective field theories can be determined from future LQCD calculations. Hamiltonian simulation of QCD is another non-perturbative method of solving QCD which can be more suitable in some cases than the conventional LQCD. The rise of tensor network methods and quantum simulation has made Hamiltonian simulation of lattice gauge theories (LGTs) a reality. Towards the goal of simulating QCD, a loop-string-hadron (LSH) formulation of an SU(3) LGT with matter in 1+1 dimensions is developed in this thesis, motivated by recent studies that showed the LSH formulation of an SU(2) LGT to be advantageous over other formulations.
description: PhD Thesis: 324 pages, 38 figures
Generalized immediate exchange models and their symmetries
Creators: name: Redig, Frank
name: Sau, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We reconsider the immediate exchange model and define a more general class of models where mass is split, exchanged and merged. We relate the splitting process to the symmetric inclusion process via thermalization and from that obtain symmetries and self-duality of the generalized IEM model. We show that analogous properties hold for models were the splitting is related to the symmetric exclusion process or to independent random walkers.
Non-cuspidal Hida theory for Siegel modular forms and trivial zeros of $p$-adic $L$-functions
Creators: name: Liu, Zheng
name: Rosso, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the derivative of the standard $p$-adic $L$-function associated with a $P$-ordinary Siegel modular form (for $P$ a parabolic subgroup of $\mathrm{GL}(n)$) when it presents a semi-stable trivial zero. This implies part of Greenberg's conjecture on the order and leading coefficient of $p$-adic $L$-functions at such trivial zero. We use the method of Greenberg-Stevens. For the construction of the improved $p$-adic $L$-function we develop Hida theory for non-cuspidal Siegel modular forms.
SmartOTPs: An Air-Gapped 2-Factor Authentication for Smart-Contract Wallets (Extended Version)
Creators: name: Homoliak, Ivan
name: Breitenbacher, Dominik
name: Hujnak, Ondrej
name: Hartel, Pieter
name: Binder, Alexander
name: Szalachowski, Pawel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the recent rise of cryptocurrencies' popularity, the security and management of crypto-tokens have become critical. We have witnessed many attacks on users and providers, which have resulted in significant financial losses. To remedy these issues, several wallet solutions have been proposed. However, these solutions often lack either essential security features, usability, or do not allow users to customize their spending rules. In this paper, we propose SmartOTPs, a smart-contract wallet framework that gives a flexible, usable, and secure way of managing crypto-tokens in a self-sovereign fashion. The proposed framework consists of four components (i.e., an authenticator, a client, a hardware wallet, and a smart contract), and it provides 2-factor authentication (2FA) performed in two stages of interaction with the blockchain. To the best of our knowledge, our framework is the first one that utilizes one-time passwords (OTPs) in the setting of the public blockchain. In SmartOTPs, the OTPs are aggregated by a Merkle tree and hash chains whereby for each authentication only a short OTP (e.g., 16B-long) is transferred from the authenticator to the client. Such a novel setting enables us to make a fully air-gapped authenticator by utilizing small QR codes or a few mnemonic words, while additionally offering resilience against quantum cryptanalysis. We have made a proof-of-concept based on the Ethereum platform. Our cost analysis shows that the average cost of a transfer operation is comparable to existing 2FA solutions using smart contracts with multi-signatures.
description: This is extended version of the paper published at ACM AFT'20
An Exploration of how University Heads of Departments (HoDs) come to consolidate their leadership roles in the Zambian Context
Creators: name: Munene, Chaltone
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Given the widely recognised importance of effective leadership in universities (Hill, 2005) but not widely explored at the departmental level to provide insights on the roles and the required nature of leadership (Bryman 2007), this research responded to Haydon’s (2007) call to generate new insights into the formation of the leadership character of the HoDs, their accession to roles and the necessary experiences to profoundly consolidate their leadership roles. In line with the identity theory (Stets and Serpe, 2013), the research revealed that University HoDs’ development of the ‘self’ started in the family in which they were raised. Through the hidden curriculum (Dewey, 1933), school administration complemented on the family moral education, affirming Coulter and Robbins’ (2007) assertion that leaders develop their values at a young age from parents, teachers, friends and others and such values represent basic convictions about what is right and what is wrong. Therefore, good and appropriate behaviour is learnt from childhood at home and is reinforced at school.Accession into roles was characterised by culture shock (Bush, 2016) as many found mammoth administrative functions, heavily laden with huge expectations, in which they were not adept. Even though many positively perceived their roles, most of them did not comprehend their leadership identity and lacked knowledge on strategic development and alignment. The majority of them pacified seniors for self-preservation (Bullingham and Vasconcelos, 2013). Consequently, they craved reflective experiential learning (Earley, 2020) to develop requisite competencies to enable them to execute their roles effectively. The findings, therefore, confirm that Knowledgeability and expertise to lead effectively are closely tied to social relationships leaders develop with organisational members and profound understanding of the wider context (Knight and Trowler,2001) in which they are located and such learning is fostered by direct socialisation (Burke and Stets, 2009) into the dominant cultural capital.These findings add to our understanding of the inherent gaps in how academics develop their Leadership Identity. The findings reveal the need to create coherence between understanding of person and leadership identities on one hand, and organisational context and expectations on the other. The findings will, therefore, enable policymakers to devise guidelines to foster the professional development of academics into leaders that would effectively contribute towards offering quality education in universities.
Global weak solutions for quantum isothermal fluids
Creators: name: Carles, Rémi
name: Carrapatoso, Kleber
name: Hillairet, Matthieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct global weak solutions to isothermal quantum Navier-Stokes equations, with or without Korteweg term, in the whole space of dimension at most three. Instead of working on the initial set of unknown functions, we consider an equivalent reformulation, based on a time-dependent rescaling, that we introduced in a previous paper to study the large time behavior, and which provides suitable a priori estimates, as opposed to the initial formulation where the potential energy is not signed. We proceed by working on tori whose size eventually becomes infinite. On each fixed torus, we consider the equations in the presence of drag force terms. Such equations are solved by regularization, and the limit where the drag force terms vanish is treated by resuming the notion of renormalized solution developed by I. Lacroix-Violet and A. Vasseur. We also establish global existence of weak solutions for the isothermal Korteweg equation (no viscosity), when initial data are well-prepared, in the sense that they stem from a Madelung transform.
description: Assumptions of Proposition 1.7 improved. More references and comments
title: Confidentialité des Informations : vers un modèle structurel d'auto-divulgation sur les plateformes de médias sociaux
Creators: name: KANTE, Mahamadou
Publisher: name: Université Virtuelle de Côte d'Ivoire
Year: 2024
Subjects: Médias sociaux
Auto-divulgation
Criminalité informatique
Protection des données
Sécurité de l'information
PLSPredict
PLS-SEM

description: L'utilisation des réseaux sociaux consiste principalement à partager des informations, faisant de la divulgation d'informations personnelles un facteur clé du fonctionnement des réseaux sociaux. Cela peut entraîner plusieurs conséquences dont le vol d'identité, du harcèlement ou de la cyberintimidation, ou encore sur le plan professionnel. Le mélange entre les informations des utilisateurs et les informations générées par le système fait que les plates-formes en ligne posent le problème de la sécurité des données et de l'atteinte à la vie privée, que les utilisateurs ont tendance à trouver un équilibre en tenant compte de différents facteurs. En utilisant comme approche la sécurité de l'information comportementale, le but principal de cette étude est de proposer et de tester empiriquement un modèle d'équation structurelle d'auto-divulgation d'informations personnelles sur les sites de réseaux sociaux en établissant ces facteurs et leurs relations. Les données ont été recueillies auprès d'un échantillon de N = 525 utilisateurs de réseaux sociaux de Côte d'Ivoire. La technique de modélisation par équation structurelle des moindres carrés partiels a été utilisée pour évaluer le modèle proposé. Le modèle de mesure et la validité du modèle structurel (hypothèses), ainsi que le pouvoir explicatif et prédictif hors échantillon du modèle ont été évalués. D'après nos résultats, le maintien des relations sociales existantes, le plaisir, la confiance des utilisateurs (aux autres membres, au fournisseur de service) et le contrôle perçu sont les facteurs influençant positivement la divulgation d'informations personnelles sur les réseaux sociaux. La peur liée à la confidentialité est le facteur influençant négativement la divulgation d'informations personnelles. En termes de validité du modèle, les résultats suggèrent que le modèle indique un pouvoir explicatif élevé en expliquant 45,9 % de la variance de l'auto-divulgation avec un pouvoir prédictif valide. De plus, en utilisant PLSPredict, la puissance prédictive hors échantillon du modèle a été établie. Nous terminons par donner des recommandations théoriques, méthodologiques et managériales aux utilisateurs, fournisseurs de services, et les décideurs politiques.
A New Method for the Large-Scale Documentation of Pottery Sherds Through Simultaneous Multiple 3D Model Capture Using Structure from Motion: Phoenician Carinated-Shoulder Amphorae from Tell el-Burak (Lebanon) as a Case Study
Creators: name: Göttlich, Fanet
name: Schmitt, Aaron
name: Kilian, Andrea
name: Gries, Helen
name: Badreshany, Kamal
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 3D models
subject: Structure from Motion
subject: pottery
subject: Phoenician amphorae
subject: Tell el-Burak
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie::930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie

description: This paper presents a new rapid, low-cost method for the large-scale documentation of pottery sherds through simultaneous multiple 3D model capture using Structure from Motion (SfM). The method has great potential to enhance and replace time-consuming and expensive conventional approaches for pottery documentation, i.e., 2D photographs and drawing on paper with subsequent digitization of the drawings. To showcase the method’s effectiveness and applicability, a case study was developed in the context of an investigation of the Phoenician economy at the Lebanese site of Tell el-Burak, which is based on a large collection of amphora sherds. The same set of sherds were drawn by an experienced draftsperson and then documented through SfM using our new workflow to allow for a direct comparison. The results show that the new technique detailed here is accessible, more cost-effective, and allows for the documentation of ceramic data at a far-greater scale, while producing more consistent and reproducible results. We expect that these factors will enable excavators to greatly increase digital access to their material, which will significantly enhance its utility for subsequent research.
Multicultural banqueting in the development of archaic Greek society : an investigation into modes of intercultural contact
Creators: name: Solez, Kevin Bradley
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Did Greeks and non-Greeks banquet together in the first half of the first millennium BCE, and if so, how does this mode of cultural contact explain the evidence of cultural exchange between Greece and the Near East? Following suggestions in scholarship that Greeks shared a banqueting culture with West Semitic peoples, and that Greeks sometimes banqueted with non-Greeks, this dissertation presents evidence that Greeks banqueted with non-Greeks, explains why they should have done so in terms of earlier practices and anthropological theory, and argues that multicultural banquets were the primary mode of peaceful cultural contact in the thought-world of Greeks in the eighth and seventh centuries BCE. Chapter 1 addresses the evidence for multicultural banqueting before the first millennium, and finds that it was a feature of diplomacy in the Late Bronze Age (1700-1100). Objects and texts are examined and used as evidence that members of various populations learned foreign banqueting customs. I argue that the multicultural banqueting in the Iron Age (1100-750) and Archaic period (750-490) is a revival of Late Bronze Age diplomatic practices. Chapter 2 addresses evidence for reclined banqueting in the Iron Age, arguing that it is a result of multicultural banqueting among various groups. It is interpreted as a feature of diplomacy and as an instantiation of the anthropological theory of Mary Helms (1988) that elites seek out external symbols of status in order to be recognized as elite by foreigners and to differentiate themselves at home. Chapter 3 focuses on the Iliad and finds that multicultural banquets are philologically distinguished from banquets among Greeks, and that the banquet is essential in cultural contact where hostility is possible. Chapter 4 focuses on the Odyssey and demonstrates that banqueting mediates contact between Greeks and non-Greeks in the Archaic imagination. I hope hereby to construct a stable mode of contact that explains the evidence of cultural exchange between Greek and West Semitic populations, such as the alphabet, the burning of incense in ritual, and adaptations of gods and cults. The multicultural banquet becomes an interpretive model for developments in Archaic Greek literature, culture, and society.
Interference of chiral Andreev edge states
Creators: name: Zhao, Lingfei
name: Arnault, Ethan G.
name: Bondarev, Alexey
name: Seredinski, Andrew
name: Larson, Trevyn
name: Draelos, Anne W.
name: Li, Hengming
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Amet, François
name: Baranger, Harold U.
name: Finkelstein, Gleb
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for topological excitations such as Majorana fermions has spurred interest in the boundaries between distinct quantum states. Here, we explore an interface between two prototypical phases of electrons with conceptually different ground states: the integer quantum Hall insulator and the s-wave superconductor. We find clear signatures of hybridized electron and hole states similar to chiral Majorana fermions, to which we refer as chiral Andreev edge states (CAES). They propagate along the interface in the direction determined by magnetic field and their interference can turn an incoming electron into an outgoing electron or a hole, depending on the phase accumulated by the CAES along their path. Our results demonstrate that these excitations can propagate and interfere over a significant length, opening future possibilities for their coherent manipulation.
description: Main: 3 figures; Supplementary: 12 figures
Pigmented and Organically-Preserved Soft-Bodied Fossils: Using Taphonomic Mode to Interpret Anatomy
Creators: name: Nedza, Christopher A.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Melanin is a ubiquitous pigment found throughout a variety of vertebrate tissues where it fulfils several important roles including colour patterning, ultraviolet protection, and transmission of nerve impulses. It is synthesised in a membrane-bound organelle termed a melanosome, the geometry of which can aid in determining the function of various pigmented tissues. Melanin and melanosomes are extremely recalcitrant and are known to fossilise and palaeontologists have used the presence of melanin and the geometry of melanosomes to address numerous evolutionary questions, from reconstructing the plumage colours of feathered dinosaurs, to the development of a sophisticated camera-style eye in lamprey. Whilst melanin and melanosomes have been shown to remain relatively unaltered during diagenesis, what is not yet fully understood is whether post-mortem processes such as decay alter the geometry of melanosomes or affect the distribution of melanin within the pigmented anatomy of phylogenetically significant organisms. To address these uncertainties, this thesis presents the results of four comprehensive taphonomic experiments investigating the pigmented anatomy of aquatic vertebrates, three of which investigate melanosome geometry and melanin distribution during decay in extant and fossil lamprey alongside distinctly patterned teleost fish, and one investigates the pigmented anatomy of a lamprey-like Devonian fossil Euphanerops longaevus. It was shown that melanosomes from different lamprey tissues retained their geometry throughout decay, with eye melanosomes providing the only exception, changing their geometry from sub-spherical to more elongate forms. Crucially, these changes were not sufficient to alter any interpretations of function based on their shape. Melanosome geometry was also investigated using Procrustes superimposed semi-landmark coordinates in the hope of providing more subtle shape information. However, our results demonstrate that using aspect ratios is sufficient to capture the extent of melanosome geometries. Melanin distribution was found to change during decay, either aggregating into globules or dispersing into surrounding tissues. This alteration can lead to the appearance of new skin pigment patterns. Anatomical features in Euphanerops preserve melanosomes and melanin, extending the fossil record of this pigment by 70 Ma.
A Stochastic Block Model Approach for the Analysis of Multilevel Networks: an Application to the Sociology of Organizations
Creators: name: Chabert-Liddell, Saint-Clair
name: Barbillon, Pierre
name: Donnet, Sophie
name: Lazega, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A multilevel network is defined as the junction of two interaction networks, one level representing the interactions between individuals and the other the interactions between organizations. The levels are linked by an affiliation relationship, each individual belonging to a unique organization. A new Stochastic Block Model is proposed as a unified probalistic framework tailored for multilevel networks. This model contains latent blocks accounting for heterogeneity in the patterns of connection within each level and introducing dependencies between the levels. The sought connection patterns are not specified a priori which makes this approach flexible. Variational methods are used for the model inference and an Integrated Classified Likelihood criterion is developed for choosing the number of blocks and also for deciding whether the two levels are dependent or not. A comprehensive simulation study exhibits the benefit of considering this approach, illustrates the robustness of the clustering and highlights the reliability of the criterion used for model selection. This approach is applied on a sociological dataset collected during a television program trade fair, the inter-organizational level being the economic network between companies and the inter-individual level being the informal network between their representatives. It brings a synthetic representation of the two networks unraveling their intertwined structure and confirms the coopetition at stake.
Lesión de Lisfranc. Revisión de nuestra experiencia de tratamiento quirúrgico en 10 casos.
Creators: name: Araujo, Guillermo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110314 Orthopaedics
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Lesión de Lisfranc. Revisión de nuestra experiencia de tratamiento quirúrgico en 10 casos.
Supplementary document for Scalable manufacturing of quantum light emitters in silicon under rapid thermal annealing - 6291282.pdf
Creators: name: Zhiyenbayev, Yertay
name: Redjem, Walid
name: IVANOV, VSEVOLOD
name: Qarony, Wayesh
name: Papapanos, Christos
name: SIMONI, JACOPO
name: Liu, Wei
name: Jhuria, Kaushalya
name: Tan, Liang
name: Schenkel, Thomas
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: supplement
Liver-targeted delivery of insulin-loaded nanoparticles via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhe
name: Li, Hongxiang
name: Xu, Guangrui
name: Yao, Ping
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Liver is the primary acting site of insulin. In this study, we developed innovative nanoparticles for oral and liver-targeted delivery of insulin by using enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. The nanoparticles were produced from cholic acid and quaternary ammonium modified chitosan derivative and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP). The nanoparticles had a diameter of 239 nm, an insulin loading efficiency of 90.9%, and a loading capacity of 18.2%. Cell culture studies revealed that the cholic acid groups effectively enhanced the transport of the nanoparticles through Caco-2 cell monolayer and greatly increased the absorption of the nanoparticles in HepG-2 cells via bile acid transporter mechanism. Ex vivo fluorescence images of ileum section, gastrointestinal tract, and liver demonstrated that the HPMCP increased the mucoadhesion of the nanoparticles in ileum, and the cholic acid groups facilitated the absorptions of the nanoparticles in both ileum and liver by use of bile acid transporters via enterohepatic circulation of bile acids. The therapy for diabetic mice displayed that the oral nanoparticle group could maintain hypoglycemic effect for more than 24 h and its pharmacological availability was about 30% compared with the insulin injection group. For the first time, this study demonstrates that using enterohepatic circulation of bile acids is an effective strategy for oral delivery of insulin.
A part of Roggeveen's map of New Netherland, Amsterdam, 1676
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Nautical charts--Delaware River (N.Y.-Del. and N.J.)--Early works to 1800.

description: Facsimile reprint of part of a 1676 map of the North American coast, showing the New Jersey Coast and the Delaware River. Depths and navigational hazards are shown, as are the locations of fortifications
Neutrophil-mediated delivery of pixantrone-loaded liposomes decorated with poly(sialic acid)–octadecylamine conjugate for lung cancer treatment
Creators: name: Luo, Xiang
name: Hu, Ling
name: Zheng, Huangliang
name: Liu, Mingqi
name: Liu, Xinrong
name: Li, Cong
name: Qiu, Qiujun
name: Zhao, Zitong
name: Cheng, Xiaobo
name: Lai, Chaoyang
name: Su, Yuqing
name: Deng, Yihui
name: Song, Yanzhi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Poly(sialic acid) (PSA) is a natural hydrophilic biodegradable and non-immunogenic biopolymer, receptors for its monomer are expressed on peripheral blood neutrophils (PBNs), which plays important roles in the progression and invasion of tumors. A poly(sialic acid)–octadecylamine conjugate (PSA–ODA) was synthesized and then anchor it on the surface of liposomal pixantrone (Pix-PSL), to achieve an improved anticancer effect. The liposomes were prepared using a remote loading method via a pH gradient, and then assessed for particle size, zeta potential encapsulation efficiency, in vitro release, and in vitro cytotoxicity. Simultaneously, in vitro and in vivo cellular uptake studies confirmed that PSA-decorated liposomes provided an enhanced accumulation of liposomes in PBNs. An in vivo study presented that the anti-tumor activity of Pix-PSL was superior to that of other Pix formulations, probably due to the efficient targeting of PBNs by Pix-PSL, after which PBN containing Pix-PSL (Pix-PSL/PBNs) in the blood circulation are recruited by the tumor microenvironment. These findings suggest that PSA-decorated liposomal Pix may provide a neutrophil-mediated drug delivery system (DDS) for the eradication of tumors, which represents a promising approach for the tumor targeting of chemotherapeutic treatments.
Global dynamics below the ground states for NLS under partial harmonic confinement
Creators: name: Ardila, Alex
name: Carles, Rémi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are concerned with the global behavior of the solutions of the focusing mass supercritical nonlinear Schr{ö}dinger equation under partial harmonic confinement. We establish a necessary and sufficient condition on the initial data below the ground states to determine the global behavior (blow-up/scattering) of the solution. Our proof of scattering is based on the varia-tional characterization of the ground states, localized virial estimates, linear profile decomposition and nonlinear profiles.
description: 35 pages
Lattice walk area combinatorics, some remarkable trigonometric sums and Apéry-like numbers
Creators: name: Ouvry, Stéphane
name: Polychronakos, Alexios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Explicit algebraic area enumeration formulae are derived for various lattice walks generalizing the canonical square lattice walk, and in particular for the triangular lattice chiral walk recently introduced by the authors. A key element in the enumeration is the derivation of some remarkable identities involving trigonometric sums --which are also important building blocks of non trivial quantum models such as the Hofstadter model-- and their explicit rewriting in terms of multiple binomial sums. An intriguing connection is also made with number theory and some classes of Apéry-like numbers, the cousins of the Apéry numbers which play a central role in irrationality considerations for ζ(2) and ζ(3).
description: 31 pages, 4 figures
Resultados funcionales en la reconstrucción anatómica del ligamento patelofemoral medial en el tratamiento de la luxación patelar recurrente
Creators: name: Araujo, Guillermo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110314 Orthopaedics
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Introduction: Patellar luxation is a pathology in which the patella loses joint congruence, producing biomechanical and functional alterations in the knee extensor apparatus. Recurrence is defined as ≥ 2 episodes of dislocation. The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is the main medial stabilizer of the knee and is injured in 98.6% of acute dislocations. The main objective of the study is to evaluate the functional results, the clinical-radiological stability and the rate of complications of the MPFL reconstruction technique.
 Material and methods: Retrospective study was made of 20 patients with a surgery to anatomic re- construction of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) with a tendon allograft affixed by two anchors in the patella and transosseous femoral tunnel and lateral retinaculum release. Six postoperative aspects were evaluated: Kujala functional score, clinical stability, radiological stability, level of satisfaction, rate of postoperative complications, and comparison of functional results with radiological stability. The follow-up period was 1 year.
 Results: The mean patient age was 24.1 ± 7.24 years at the time of surgery, and 75% of the patients were women. The average Kujala score was 89.5 points and the median was 90 points. No patient had a positive postoperative apprehension test. Only 1 patient had mild residual instability on exercise. The Congruence angle, patellar lateral angle and Muñoz patellar displacement angle postoperative average were found in the normal range. Ninety five percent of patients reported being at least “very satisfied” with the surgery performed. There is no statistical relationship between functional results and radiological stability (p> 0.05).
 Discussions: The anatomical reconstruction technique of MPFL with allograft is effective, safe, reproducible and with low morbidity in the treatment of recurrent patellar luxation. This technique provides good joint congruence and adequate knee function. This study obtained excellent functional clinical results with a success rate of 95% of cases with an early sports return.
Essays on some determinants of food-security and consumption of nutrients in India
Creators: name: Das Gupta, Amlan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: This thesis is motivated by the unique experience of India regarding economic growth and the corresponding impact on nutritional status. Despite sustained periods of growth, malnutrition levels in India have shown modest improvement. Moreover, average calorie consumption in the country is going down even as consumption expenditure and incomes go up. The objective of this thesis is to shed light on some possible causes of this puzzling phenomenon. The second chapter is a theoretical exploration of the possibility that preference for conspicuous consumption could be a factor contributing to this decline in calorie consumption. This chapter starts by incorporating status seeking preferences in a dual-economy general equilibrium model and then demonstrates that, in such a setting, economic growth could lead to a fall in calorie consumption across the income distribution even with incomes rising at the same time. In Chapter 3 the implications of the main assumption of "keeping up with the Jones" preferences, from the theoretical model of Chapter 2, is tested in the data. This assumption implies that household calorie consumption should decline with peer group income. So the effect of peer group income on calorie consumption is estimated using World Bank data collected from rural India. Using these estimates it is roughly estimated that Veblen competition can account for more than a third of the missing calories. A unique source of variation in peer group income, based on caste-wise domination across villages, is used for identification. The fourth chapter looks at the impact of the public food distribution system (PDS) in India, on the household per capita consumption of calories and proteins. This effect is identified using random shocks introduced into the delivery system of PDS through the impact of rainfall on agricultural output in the state which is the largest supplier of grains to the system. The results suggest that a rise in PDS performance has different effect in different regions in the country. Yet, for those who benefit from this system, the impact on nutrient consumption and malnutrition is significant and large.
On an intercritical log-modified nonlinear Schrodinger equation in two spatial dimensions
Creators: name: Carles, Rémi
name: Sparber, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a dispersive equation of Schr{ö}dinger type with a non-linearity slightly larger than cubic by a logarithmic factor. This equation is supposed to be an effective model for stable two dimensional quantum droplets with LHY correction. Mathematically, it is seen to be mass supercritical and energy subcritical with a sign-indefinite nonlinearity. For the corresponding initial value problem, we prove global in-time existence of strong solutions in the energy space. Furthermore, we prove the existence and uniqueness (up to symmetries) of nonlinear ground states and the orbital stability of the set of energy minimizers. We also show that for the corresponding model in 1D a stronger stability result is available.
description: 15 pages
Decentralized policy learning with partial observation and mechanical constraints for multiperson modeling
Creators: name: Fujii, Keisuke
name: Takeishi, Naoya
name: Kawahara, Yoshinobu
name: Takeda, Kazuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Extracting the rules of real-world multi-agent behaviors is a current challenge in various scientific and engineering fields. Biological agents independently have limited observation and mechanical constraints; however, most of the conventional data-driven models ignore such assumptions, resulting in lack of biological plausibility and model interpretability for behavioral analyses. Here we propose sequential generative models with partial observation and mechanical constraints in a decentralized manner, which can model agents' cognition and body dynamics, and predict biologically plausible behaviors. We formulate this as a decentralized multi-agent imitation-learning problem, leveraging binary partial observation and decentralized policy models based on hierarchical variational recurrent neural networks with physical and biomechanical penalties. Using real-world basketball and soccer datasets, we show the effectiveness of our method in terms of the constraint violations, long-term trajectory prediction, and partial observation. Our approach can be used as a multi-agent simulator to generate realistic trajectories using real-world data.
description: 17 pages with 7 figures and 4 tables, accepted in Neural Networks