cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A LEAK IN THE TEACHER PIPELINE: HOW CANDIDATES OF COLOR TRAVERSE THE PATHWAY TO A CAREER IN TEACHING
Creators: name: Potter, Bird
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: teacher pipeline
credentialing
education
teacher preparation

description: This qualitative research study focused on the experiences of people of color through the teacher pipeline. The teacher pipeline is a term used to describe the academic and credentialing requirements necessary to enter the education industry. Participants in this study were undergraduate university students pursuing a teaching credential. This study aimed to provide insight into the experiences of people of color. In addition, the information gathered may serve as a model for designing a teacher pipeline that supports people of color as they persist through requirements and into the education profession. Participants in the study encountered barriers throughout the pipeline, including finances, time constraints, and complex academic requirements. They also identified forms of support throughout the pipeline, including relationships with peers, teachers, and the local community through fieldwork. Throughout this study, the theoretical lenses of critical race theory and Tinto’s theory of persistence are used to analyze systems using a critical perspective. These processes helped reveal supports and barriers for participants and an underlying presence of the dominant cultural narrative throughout the pipeline. Recommendations based on study findings include creating a community-based teacher workforce and using critical race theory as a foundation for the design of the pipeline. These recommendations are intended to increase diversity in the teacher pipeline leading to a more diverse teacher workforce.
title: Using Knowledge Graphs to enhance the utility of Curated Document Databases
Creators: name: Muhammad, Iqra
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: The research presented in this thesis is directed at the generation, maintenance and query ing of Curated Document Databases (CDDs) stored as literature knowledge graphs. Liter ature knowledge graphs are graphs where the vertices represent documents and concepts; and the edges provided links between concepts, and concepts and documents. The central motivation for the work was to provide CDD administrators with a useful mechanism for creating and maintaining literature knowledge graph represented CDDs, and for end users to utilise them. The central research question is “What are some appropriate techniques that can be used for generating, maintaining and utilizing literature knowledge graphs to support the concept of CDDs?”. The thesis thus addresses three issues associated with literature knowledge graphs: (i) their construction, (ii) their maintenance so that their utility can be continued, and (iii) the querying of such knowledge graphs. With respect to the first issue, the Open Information Extraction for Knowledge Graph Construction (OIE4KGC) approach is proposed founded on the idea of using open information extrac tion. Two open information extraction tools were compared, the RnnOIE tool and the Leolani tool. The RnnOIE tool was found to be effective for generation of triples from clinical trial documents. With respect to the second issue two approaches are proposed for maintaining knowledge graph represented CDDs; the CN approach and the Knowledge Graph And BERT Ranking (GRAB-Rank) approach. The first proposed approach used a feature vector representation; and the second a unique hybrid domain specific document embedding. The hybrid domain-specific document embedding combines a Bidirectional En coder Representations from Transformers embedding with a knowledge graph embedding. This proposed embedding was used for document representation in a LETOR model. The idea was to rank a set of potential documents. The Grab-Rank embedding based LETOR approach was found to be effective. For the third identified issue the standard solution is to represent both the query to be addressed and the documents in the knowledge graph in a manner that will allow the documents to be ranked with respect to the query. The solution proposed for this was to utilize a hybrid embedding for query resolution. Two forms of embedding are utilized for query resolution: (i) a Continuous Bag-Of-Words embedding was combined with graph embedding and (ii) for the second BERT and Sci-BERT em bedding were combined with graph embedding. The evaluation indicates that the CBOW embedding combined with graph embedding was found to be effective.
The Anatomy Behind Module Curriculum Design
Creators: name: Farquharson, Claire
name: Sandford, Sarah
Publisher: name: National Teaching Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Curriculum and pedagogy theory and development

description: Module curriculum design is not an exact science, however new academics are required to review module curriculum to design content and delivery for students. Therefore this infographics aims to pose questions to guide academics in developing a module curriculum with an understanding of their own rationale and intention behind their decisions!
Nuevos resultados sobre la cinemática global y nuclear de NGC 253: movimientos no circulares y emisión en Br-gamma
Creators: name: Camperi, J. A.
name: Gunthardt, G. I.
name: Diaz, R. J.
name: Aguero, M. P.
name: Gimeno, G.
name: Pessev, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continuing with previous research (Camperi et al. 2011),new heliocentric radial velocity distributions are presented for the nearby galaxy NGC 253, obtained from the ionized hydrogen recombination line H-alpha. These distributions have been derived from long-slit spectroscopy for various position angles. It is also shown the heliocentric radial velocity distribution corresponding to part of the infrared data (ionized hydrogen recombination line Br-gamma) observed with the Phoenix spectrograph of the Gemini South Observatory. Sequential mapping with the long slit using this instrument will enable to study in detail the kinematics of the galaxy's core, which is strongly obscured by dust.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, article, in Spanish
Quantum superreplication of states and gates
Creators: name: Chiribella, Giulio
name: Yang, Yuxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While the no-cloning theorem forbids the perfect replication of quantum information, it is sometimes possible to produce large numbers of replicas with vanishingly small error. This phenomenon, known as quantum superreplication, can take place both for quantum states and quantum gates. The aim of this paper is to review the central features of quantum superreplication, providing a unified view on the existing results. The paper also includes new results. In particular, we show that, when quantum superreplication can be achieved, it can be achieved through estimation, up to an error vanishing with a power law. Quantum strategies still offer an advantage for superreplication, in that they allow for an exponentially faster reduction of the error. Using the relation with estimation, we provide i) an alternative proof of the optimality of the Heisenberg scaling of quantum metrology, ii) a strategy to estimate arbitrary unitary gates with Heisenberg scaling, up to a logarithmic overhead, and iii) a protocol that generates M nearly perfect copies of a generic pure state with a number of queries to the corresponding unitary gate scaling as the square root of M. Finally, we point out that superreplication can be achieved using interactions among k systems, provided that k is large compared to square of the ratio between the numbers of input and output copies.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, published version
Explaining Two Recent Intermediate Luminosity Optical Transients (ILOTs) by a Binary Interaction and Jets
Creators: name: Soker, Noam
name: Kashi, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that two recent intermediate luminosity optical transients (ILOTs), M31LRN 2015 and SN 2015bh (SNHunt 275; PTF 13efv) can be accounted for with a stellar binary model involving mass transfer that leads to the launching of jets. We inspect observations of the ILOT M31LRN 2015 and conclude that it cannot be explained by the onset of a common envelope evolution (CEE). Instead we conjecture that a $M \simeq 1 - 3 ~\rm{M_\odot}$ main sequence star accreted $\simeq 0.04 ~\rm{M_\odot}$ from the giant star, possibly during a periastron passage. The main sequence star accreted mass through an accretion disc, that launches jets. The radiation from the disk and the collision of the jets with the ambient gas can account for the luminosity of the event. Along similar lines, we suggest that the 2013 eruption of SN 2015bh (SNHunt~275) can also be explained by the High-Accretion-Powered ILOT (HAPI) model. In this case a massive secondary star $M_2 \gtrsim 10 ~\rm{M_\odot}$ accreted $\approx 0.05 ~\rm{M_\odot}$ from a much more massive and more evolved star during a periastron passage. If the much more energetic 2015 outburst of SN 2015bh (SNHunt 275) was not a supernova explosion, it might have been a full almost head-on merger event, or else can be accounted for by a the HAPI-jets model in a very highly eccentric orbit.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Emission of entangled Kramers pairs from a helical mesoscopic capacitor
Creators: name: Dolcetto, Giacomo
name: Schmidt, Thomas L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The realization of single-electron sources in integer quantum Hall systems has paved the way for exploring electronic quantum optics experiments in solid-state devices. In this work, we characterize a single Kramers pair emitter realized by a driven antidot embedded in a two-dimensional topological insulator, where spin-momentum locked edge states can be exploited for generating entanglement. Contrary to previous proposals, the antidot is coupled to both edges of a quantum spin Hall bar, thus enabling this mesoscopic capacitor to emit an entangled two-electron state. We study the concurrence $\mathcal{C}$ of the emitted state and the efficiency $\mathcal{F}$ of its emission as a function of the different spin-preserving and spin-flipping tunnel couplings of the antidot with the edges. We show that the efficiency remains very high ($\mathcal{F}\geq 50\%$) even for maximally entangled states ($\mathcal{C}=1$). We also discuss how the entanglement can be probed by means of noise measurements and violation of the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Fermi-liquid behavior and thermal conductivity of ε-iron at Earth's core conditions
Creators: name: Pourovskii, L. V.
name: Mravlje, J.
name: Georges, A.
name: Simak, S. I.
name: Abrikosov, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic state and transport properties of hot dense iron are of the utmost importance to geophysics. Combining the density functional and dynamical mean field theories we study the impact of electron correlations on electrical and thermal resistivity of hexagonal close-packed $ε$-Fe at Earth's core conditions. $ε$-Fe is found to behave as a nearly perfect Fermi liquid. The quadratic dependence of the scattering rate in Fermi liquids leads to a modification of the Wiedemann-Franz law with suppression of the thermal conductivity as compared to the electrical one. This significantly increases the electron-electron thermal resistivity which is found to be of comparable magnitude to the electron-phonon one. The implications of this effect on the dynamics of Earth's core is discussed.
title: Treatment strategies for scapular spine fractures: a scoping review
Creators: name: Sußiek, Julia
name: Michel, Philipp
name: Raschke, Michael J.
name: Schliemann, Benedikt
name: Katthagen, J. Christoph
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Fractures of the scapular spine are relatively rare and can occur without (1) or with (2) association to a reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). To date there are only limited data on the topic. The aim of this scoping review was to identify all available literature and report current treatment concepts. A scoping review was conducted by searching PubMed for relevant studies between 2000 and October 2020. All studies were included which gave detailed descriptions of the treatment strategy. A total of 21 studies with 81 patients were included for the analysis. The mean age over all patients was 62 years (range: 24 to 89 years) and 77% of the patients were female. In 19.8% of cases, the fracture occurred after a traumatic fall from standing height. Eighty-six per cent of the patients had an RSA-associated scapular spine fracture (2). These patients were older compared to group (1) (47 ± 19.6 vs. 76 ± 5.6 years, p = 0.0001) and the majority were female (85%). The majority from group (1) underwent operative treatment with plate fixation. Most patients regained full function and range of motion. RSA-associated fractures (2) were mainly treated non-operatively, with moderate clinical outcome. A high rate of nonunions was reported. Scapular spine fractures without RSA are mainly treated operatively with good clinical results. In association with RSA, scapular spine fractures are mainly treated non-operatively and lead to inferior clinical and radiological results. This scenario seems to be problematic and further research is required to sharpen treatment concepts in this group.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
Collective chemotaxis through noisy multicellular gradient sensing
Creators: name: Varennes, Julien
name: Han, Bumsoo
name: Mugler, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collective cell migration in response to a chemical cue occurs in many biological processes such as morphogenesis and cancer metastasis. Clusters of migratory cells in these systems are capable of responding to gradients of less than 1% difference in chemical concentration across a cell length. Multicellular systems are extremely sensitive to their environment and while the limits to multicellular sensing are becoming known, how this information leads to coherent migration remains poorly understood. We develop a computational model of multicellular sensing and migration in which groups of cells collectively measure noisy chemical gradients. The output of the sensing process is coupled to individual cells polarization to model migratory behavior. Through the use of numerical simulations, we find that larger clusters of cells detect the gradient direction with higher precision and thus achieve stronger polarization bias, but larger clusters also induce more drag on collective motion. The trade-off between these two effects leads to an optimal cluster size for most efficient migration. We discuss how our model could be validated using simple, phenomenological experiments.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Forschungen und Studien zu Fragen aus reformatorischen und nachreformatorischen Bereich
Creators: name: Wolter, H.
Publisher: name: Scholastik
Year: 1970

description: Scholastik, Bd. 36 Nr. 1 (1961): Scholastik. Vierteljahresschrift für Theologie und Philosophie, Band 36, Heft 1
Combined Preheating on the lattice with applications to Higgs inflation
Creators: name: Repond, Joël
name: Rubio, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use classical lattice simulations in 3+1 dimensions to study the interplay between the resonant production of particles during preheating and the subsequent decay of these into a set of secondary species. We choose to work in a simplified version of Higgs inflation in which the Higgs field non-minimally coupled to gravity plays the role of the inflaton. Our numerical results extend the analytical estimates in the literature beyond the linear regime and shed some light on the limitations of the analytical techniques. The inclusion of fast and inefficient decays postpones the onset of parametric resonance by depleting the particles produced at the bottom of the potential. In spite of this delay, fermions are shown to play an important role on the destruction of the inflaton field. The limitations of our approach and its applications to a realistic Higgs inflation scenario are also discussed.
description: 27 pages, 30 figures
General solution of 2D and 3D superconducting quasiclassical systems: coalescing vortices and nanoisland geometries
Creators: name: Amundsen, Morten
name: Linder, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extension of quasiclassical Keldysh-Usadel theory to higher spatial dimensions than one is crucial in order to describe physical phenomena like charge/spin Hall effects and topological excitations like vortices and skyrmions, none of which are captured in one-dimensional models. We here present a numerical finite element method which solves the non-linearized 2D and 3D quasiclassical Usadel equation relevant for the diffusive regime. We show the application of this on three model systems with non-trivial geometries: (i) a bottlenecked Josephson junction with external flux, (ii) a nanodisk ferromagnet deposited on top of a superconductor and (iii) superconducting islands in contact with a ferromagnet. In case (i), we demonstrate that one may control externally not only the geometrical array in which superconducting vortices arrange themselves, but also to cause coalescence and tune the number of vortices. In case (iii), we show that the supercurrent path can be tailored by incorporating magnetic elements in planar Josephson junctions which also lead to a strong modulation of the density of states. The finite element method presented herein paves the way for gaining insight in physical phenomena which have remained largely unexplored due to the complexity of solving the full quasiclassical equations in higher dimensions.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures. Added several new results
Designing Better Design Teams: Studying Relative Contribution in Engineering Design with Proficient Heterogeneous Computational Agents
Creators: name: Brownell, Ethan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Teams are the fundamental unit of performance for modern organizations, especially in engineering design. To increase organizational performance, teams must be constructed to maximize their effectiveness. However, many questions exist about how to compile a team or how individual team members affect team performance. A laboratory experiment is conducted to determine the relative contribution of different proficiency team members in configuration design. The team’s highest proficiency designer is found to have the largest effect on team performance, and enhancing the most proficient member of a team is more likely to contribute to increased team performance than enhancing the least proficient member by the same amount. This study also examined the behavioral differences between different proficiency designers. It determined that relative to lower-proficiency designers, high-proficiency designers spent less time exploring the design space, and each proficiency level had distinct action selection heuristics. These two behavioral differences are computationally modeled, and the Proficient Simulated Annealing Design Agents (PSADA) model is introduced. The PSADA model is shown to mimic different proficiency human designer behavior and produces agents that perform at different proficiency levels. When agents are put into teams to design collectively, the results from the human subject study are reproduced to show that configuration design teams are most dependent on the proficiency of their best member. Because proficiency is not a static characteristic, learning algorithms are introduced to create the Learning PSADA (LPSADA) model. Lower proficiency LPSADA agents are shown to learn to behave like higher proficiency designers and improve their performance. In short, they learn to become higher proficiency designers. Finally, the PSADA model is integrated with a computational model for organizational personnel selection to explore how organizations can optimize performance by utilizing this deeper understanding of proficiency’s role in engineering configuration design. The PSADA model is used to create team performance models based on the proficiency of the team members. These models are used as objective functions for an optimization algorithm for personnel selection to optimize organizational performance metrics like product quality and personnel hour usage. This optimized personnel selection method outperforms other personnel selection methodologies. This dissertation deeply examines designer proficiency in engineering configuration design, assesses how the configuration design proficiency of each team member affects team performance, and explores how organizations can utilize a greater understanding of the relative contribution of team members to maximize team and organizational performance through multiple team personnel selection.
Die wachsende Erkenntnis der Schule Anselms von Laon
Creators: name: Weisweiler, H.
Publisher: name: Scholastik
Year: 1970

description: Scholastik, Bd. 36 Nr. 1 (1961): Scholastik. Vierteljahresschrift für Theologie und Philosophie, Band 36, Heft 1
A Mixed Reality System Combining Augmented Reality, 3D Bio Printed Physical Environments, and Inertial Measurement Unit Sensors for Task Planning
Creators: name: Kabuye, Ernest
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Medical errors are the third leading cause of death in the United States of America, accounting for approximately 9.2% (250,000) of all total deaths. To combat this, successful surgical operations are characterized by preplanning routines to be executed during actual surgical operations. To achieve this, surgeons rely on the experience acquired from cadavers, enabling technologies like virtual reality (VR) and clinical years of practice. However, cadavers lack dynamism and realism as they lack blood and can exhibit limited access, tissue degradation, and shrinkage while current VR systems do not provide amplified haptic feedback during operations. In addition, the clinical years of practice required for mastery vary across surgical techniques for different comorbidities. This can impact surgical training increasing the likelihood of medical errors during surgical operations. This dissertation looks at these deficiencies and provides a unified solution composed of three components. The first of these components guarantees user navigation in confined spaces using an inertial measurement unit sensor attached to a user’s tool during task execution. The second component is the use of a mixed reality device to stream imagery in the form of augmented reality to a user field of view to assist with task execution. The third component is to provide a platform for haptic feedback from user actions during task execution in the form of a 3D bio print. Taking all these solutions together, a novel Mixed Reality Combination System (MRCS) that pairs Augmented Reality (AR) technology and an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor with 3D bio-printed, collagen-based specimens that can enhance task performance like planning and execution is proposed as an overall solution. Next, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the MRCS Platform as an overall solution, two studies are set up that compare the task execution outcomes between groups that have either been or not been exposed to the MRCS training and/or groups have either basic or advanced medical training. The first study looks at graduate students with no medical training and compares their surgical task proficiency gain curves with an identical group exposed to the MRCS Platform. The second study is run as a Qualitative study that replaces the graduate student population with medical students who have just received/ are receiving medical instruction in the form of a medical degree. This group is presented with the MRCS Platform. It is asked to provide a qualitative assessment that provides insight into the adoption and benefit of using the platform as a medical training curriculum tool to improve skill acquisition and prevent surgical errors during operations.
Ground truth? Concept-based communities versus the external classification of physics manuscripts
Creators: name: Palchykov, Vasyl
name: Gemmetto, Valerio
name: Boyarsky, Alexey
name: Garlaschelli, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Community detection techniques are widely used to infer hidden structures within interconnected systems. Despite demonstrating high accuracy on benchmarks, they reproduce the external classification for many real-world systems with a significant level of discrepancy. A widely accepted reason behind such outcome is the unavoidable loss of non-topological information (such as node attributes) encountered when the original complex system is represented as a network. In this article we emphasize that the observed discrepancies may also be caused by a different reason: the external classification itself. For this end we use scientific publication data which i) exhibit a well defined modular structure and ii) hold an expert-made classification of research articles. Having represented the articles and the extracted scientific concepts both as a bipartite network and as its unipartite projection, we applied modularity optimization to uncover the inner thematic structure. The resulting clusters are shown to partly reflect the author-made classification, although some significant discrepancies are observed. A detailed analysis of these discrepancies shows that they carry essential information about the system, mainly related to the use of similar techniques and methods across different (sub)disciplines, that is otherwise omitted when only the external classification is considered.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
Pedagogical introduction to equilibrium Green's functions: condensed matter examples with numerical implementations
Creators: name: Odashima, Mariana M.
name: Prado, Beatriz G.
name: Vernek, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Green's function method has applications in several fields in Physics, from classical differential equations to quantum many-body problems. In the quantum context, Green's functions are correlation functions, from which it is possible to extract information from the system under study, such as the density of states, relaxation times and response functions. Despite its power and versatility, it is known as a laborious and sometimes cumbersome method. Here we introduce the equilibrium Green's functions and the equation-of-motion technique, exemplifying the method in discrete lattices of non-interacting electrons. We start with simple models, such as the two-site molecule, the infinite and semi-infinite one-dimensional chains, and the two-dimensional ladder. Numerical implementations are developed via the recursive Green's function, implemented in Julia, an open-source, efficient and easy-to-learn scientific language. We also present a new variation of the surface recursive Green's function method, which can be of interest when simulating simultaneously the properties of surface and bulk.
description: 24 pages, 18 figures
Transport properties of hybrid topological superconductor devices in contact with an environment
Creators: name: Komnik, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate transport properties of different realizations of one-dimensional quantum wires coupled to a number of external electrodes in terms of the full counting statistics. Focusing on the set-ups in which edge states of Majorana type are realizable we analyze the effects of the exchange of charge carriers with the environment. We find a very strong suppression of the non-local current correlations, which decay exponentially with the coupling strength and the wire length. The local properties such as transport currents and current correlations measured at individual contacts between the wire and external electrode turn out to develop asymmetry when energy-resolved. We provide a number of exact analytical solutions and discuss experimental implications of our findings.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Ultra Short Period Planets in K2: SuPerPiG Results for Campaigns 0-5
Creators: name: Adams, Elisabeth R.
name: Jackson, Brian
name: Endl, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed data from Campaigns 0-5 of the K2 mission and report 19 ultra-short-period candidate planets with orbital periods of less than 1 day (nine of which have not been previously reported). Planet candidates range in size from 0.7-16 Earth radii and in orbital period from 4.2 to 23.5 hours. One candidate (EPIC 203533312, Kp=12.5) is among the shortest-period planet candidates discovered to date (P=4.2 hours), and, if confirmed as a planet, must have a density of at least rho=8.9 g/cm^3 in order to not be tidally disrupted. Five candidates have nominal radius values in the sub-Jovian desert (R_P=3-11 R_E and P<=1.5 days) where theoretical models do not favor their long-term stability; the only confirmed planet in this range is in fact thought to be disintegrating (EPIC 201637175). In addition to the planet candidates, we report on four objects which may not be planetary, including one with intermittent transits (EPIC 211152484) and three initially promising candidates that are likely false positives based on characteristics of their light curves and on radial velocity follow-up. A list of 91 suspected eclipsing binaries identified at various stages in our vetting process is also provided. Based on an assessment of our survey's completeness, we estimate an occurrence rate for ultra-short period planets among K2 target stars that is about half that estimated from the Kepler sample, raising questions as to whether K2 systems are intrinsically different from Kepler systems, possibly as a result of their different galactic location.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, accepted to AJ on 2016 May 20
Volovik Effect and Fermi-Liquid Behavior in the s-Wave Superconductor CaPd2As2: 75As NMR-NQR Measurements
Creators: name: Ding, Q. -P.
name: Wiecki, P.
name: Anand, V. K.
name: Sangeetha, N. S.
name: Lee, Y.
name: Johnston, D. C.
name: Furukawa, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic and magnetic properties of the collapsed-tetragonal CaPd$_2$As$_2$ superconductor (SC) with a transition temperature of 1.27 K have been investigated by $^{75}$As nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements. The temperature ($T$) dependence of the nuclear spin lattice relaxation rates (1/$T_1$) and the Knight shifts indicate the absence of magnetic correlations in the normal state. In the SC state, 1/$T_1$ measured by $^{75}$As NQR shows a clear Hebel-Slichter (HS) peak just below $T_{\rm c}$ and decreases exponentially at lower $T$, confirming a conventional $s$-wave SC. In addition, the Volovik effect, also known as Doppler shift effect, has been clearly evidenced by the observation of the suppression of the HS peak with applied magnetic field.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
High-performance functional renormalization group calculations for interacting fermions
Creators: name: Lichtenstein, J.
name: de la Peña, D. Sánchez
name: Rohe, D.
name: Di Napoli, E.
name: Honerkamp, C.
name: Maier, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a novel computational scheme for functional Renormalization Group (fRG) calculations for interacting fermions on 2D lattices. The scheme is based on the exchange parametrization fRG for the two-fermion interaction, with additional insertions of truncated partitions of unity. These insertions decouple the fermionic propagators from the exchange propagators and lead to a separation of the underlying equations. We demonstrate that this separation is numerically advantageous and may pave the way for refined, large-scale computational investigations even in the case of complex multiband systems. Furthermore, on the basis of speedup data gained from our implementation, it is shown that this new variant facilitates efficient calculations on a large number of multi-core CPUs. We apply the scheme to the $t$,$t'$ Hubbard model on a square lattice to analyze the convergence of the results with the bond length of the truncation of the partition of unity. In most parameter areas, a fast convergence can be observed. Finally, we compare to previous results in order to relate our approach to other fRG studies.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures
Wibbing, S.: Die Tugend- und Lasterkataloge im Neuen Testament und ihre Traditionsgeschichte unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Qumran-Texte
Creators: name: Schierse, Fr.J.
Publisher: name: Scholastik
Year: 1970

description: Scholastik, Bd. 36 Nr. 1 (1961): Scholastik. Vierteljahresschrift für Theologie und Philosophie, Band 36, Heft 1
Fatigue effect on polarization switching dynamics in polycrystalline bulk ferroelectrics
Creators: name: Zhukov, S.
name: Glaum, J.
name: Kungl, H.
name: Sapper, E.
name: Dittmer, R.
name: Genenko, Y. A.
name: von Seggern, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statistical distribution of switching times is a key information necessary to describe the dynamic response of a polycrystalline bulk ferroelectric to an applied electric field. The Inhomogeneous Field Mechanism (IFM) model offers a useful tool which allows extraction of this information from polarization switching measurements over a large time window. In this paper, the model was further developed to account for the presence of non-switchable regions in fatigued materials. Application of the IFM- analysis to bipolar electric cycling induced fatigue process of various lead-based and lead-free ferroelectric ceramics reveals different scenarios of property degradation. Insight is gained into different underlying fatigue mechanisms inherent to the investigated systems.
description: 42 pages, 11 figures
The Lyman-continuum photon production efficiency in the high-redshift Universe
Creators: name: Wilkins, Stephen M.
name: Feng, Yu
name: Di Matteo, Tiziana
name: Croft, Rupert
name: Stanway, Elizabeth R.
name: Bouwens, Rychard J.
name: Thomas, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lyman Continuum photon production efficiency ($ξ_{\rm ion}$) is a critical ingredient for inferring the number of photons available to reionise the intergalactic medium. To estimate the theoretical production efficiency in the high-redshift Universe we couple the BlueTides cosmological hydrodynamical simulation with a range of stellar population synthesis models. We find Lyman Continuum photon production efficiencies of $\log_{10}(ξ_{\rm ion}/{\rm erg^{-1}\, Hz})\approx 25.1-25.5$ depending on the choice of stellar population synthesis model. These results are broadly consistent with recent observational constraints at high-redshift though favour a model incorporating the effects of binary evolution
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted to MNRAS. Minor changes reflecting referee comments and community feedback
Atomic-scale control of magnetic anisotropy via novel spin-orbit coupling effect in La2/3Sr1/3MnO3/SrIrO3 superlattices
Creators: name: Yi, Di
name: Liu, Jian
name: Hsu, Shang-Lin
name: Zhang, Lipeng
name: Choi, Yongseong
name: Kim, Jong-Woo
name: Chen, Zuhuang
name: Clarkson, James
name: Serrao, Claudy R.
name: Arenholz, Elke
name: Ryan, Philip J.
name: Xu, Haixuan
name: Birgeneau, Robert J.
name: Ramesh, Ramamoorthy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic anisotropy (MA) is one of the most important material properties for modern spintronic devices. Conventional manipulation of the intrinsic MA, i.e. magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MCA), typically depends upon crystal symmetry. Extrinsic control over the MA is usually achieved by introducing shape anisotropy or exchange bias from another magnetically ordered material. Here we demonstrate a pathway to manipulate MA of 3d transition metal oxides (TMOs) by digitally inserting non-magnetic 5d TMOs with pronounced spin-orbit coupling (SOC). High quality superlattices comprised of ferromagnetic La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 (LSMO) and paramagnetic SrIrO3 (SIO) are synthesized with the precise control of thickness at atomic scale. Magnetic easy axis reorientation is observed by controlling the dimensionality of SIO, mediated through the emergence of a novel spin-orbit state within the nominally paramagnetic SIO.
description: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, May 2016
Berry phase in lattice QCD
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Arata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the lattice QCD calculation of the Berry phase which is defined by the ground state of a single fermion. We perform the ground-state projection of a single-fermion propagator, construct the Berry link variable on a momentum-space lattice, and calculate the Berry phase. As the first application, the first Chern number of the (2+1)-dimensional Wilson fermion is calculated by the Monte Carlo simulation.
Müller-Markus, S.: Einstein und die Sowjetphilosophie
Creators: name: Büchel, W.
Publisher: name: Scholastik
Year: 1970

description: Scholastik, Bd. 36 Nr. 1 (1961): Scholastik. Vierteljahresschrift für Theologie und Philosophie, Band 36, Heft 1
Dreytza, Manfred / Hopp, Traugott, Geschichte als Brücke?
Creators: name: Möller, Karl
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 1823086381
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 21 (2007): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 21
The 750 GeV diphoton excess and its explanation in 2-Higgs Doublet Models with a real inert scalar multiplet
Creators: name: Moretti, Stefano
name: Yagyu, Kei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a possible explanation of the recently observed diphoton excess at around 750 GeV as seen by the ATLAS and CMS experiments at the Large Hadron Collider. We calculate the cross section of the diphoton signature in 2-Higgs Doublet Models with the addition of a real isospin scalar multiplet without a vacuum expectation value, where a neutral component of such a representation can be a dark matter candidate. We find that the branching fraction of an additional CP-even Higgs boson $H$ from the doublet fields into the diphoton mode can be significantly enhanced, by up to a factor of $10^3$, with respect to the case of the simple 2-Higgs Doublet Model. Such a sizable enhancement is realized due to multi-charged inert particle loops entering the $H\to γγ$ decay mode. Through this enhancement, we obtain a suitable cross section of the $gg\to H \to γγ$ process to explain the data with the fixed mass of $H$ being 750 GeV.
description: Version accepted in PRD, Appendix added
Surface acoustic wave regulated single photon emission from a coupled quantum dot-nanocavity system
Creators: name: Weiß, Matthias
name: Kapfinger, Stephan
name: Reichert, Thorsten
name: Finley, Jonathan J.
name: Wixforth, Achim
name: Kaniber, Michael
name: Krenner, Hubert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A coupled quantum dot--nanocavity system in the weak coupling regime of cavity quantumelectrodynamics is dynamically tuned in and out of resonance by the coherent elastic field of a $f_{\rm SAW}\simeq800\,\mathrm{MHz}$ surface acoustic wave. When the system is brought to resonance by the sound wave, light-matter interaction is strongly increased by the Purcell effect. This leads to a precisely timed single photon emission as confirmed by the second order photon correlation function $g^{(2)}$. All relevant frequencies of our experiment are faithfully identified in the Fourier transform of $g^{(2)}$, demonstrating high fidelity regulation of the stream of single photons emitted by the system.
description: revised manuscript - to be published in Applied Physics Letters
Hayen, A.: La communication de l´etre d´après saint Thomas d´Aquin
Creators: name: Kern, W.
Publisher: name: Scholastik
Year: 1970

description: Scholastik, Bd. 36 Nr. 1 (1961): Scholastik. Vierteljahresschrift für Theologie und Philosophie, Band 36, Heft 1
Tidal Decay and Stable Roche-Lobe Overflow of Short-Period Gaseous Exoplanets
Creators: name: Jackson, Brian
name: Jensen, Emily
name: Peacock, Sarah
name: Arras, Phil
name: Penev, Kaloyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many gaseous exoplanets in short-period orbits are on the verge or are in the process of Roche-lobe overflow (RLO). Moreover, orbital stability analysis shows tides can drive many hot Jupiters to spiral inevitably toward their host stars. Thus, the coupled processes of orbital evolution and RLO likely shape the observed distribution of close-in exoplanets and may even be responsible for producing some of the short-period rocky planets. However, the exact outcome for an overflowing planet depends on its internal response to mass loss, and the accompanying orbital evolution can act to enhance or inhibit RLO. In this study, we apply the fully-featured and robust Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA) suite to model RLO of short-period gaseous planets. We show that, although the detailed evolution may depend on several properties of the planetary system, it is largely determined by the core mass of the overflowing gas giant. In particular, we find that the orbital expansion that accompanies RLO often stops and reverses at a specific maximum period that depends on the core mass. We suggest that RLO may often strand the remnant of a gas giant near this orbital period, which provides an observational prediction that can corroborate the hypothesis that short-period gas giants undergo RLO. We conduct a preliminary comparison of this prediction to the observed population of small, short-period planets and find some planets in orbits that may be consistent with this picture. To the extent that we can establish some short-period planets are indeed the remnants of gas giants, that population can elucidate the properties of gas giant cores, the properties of which remain largely unconstrained.
description: Accepted to "Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy" special issue on tides. Several changes based on referee comments, including to the title of the paper. Some new analysis of non-conservative (but still stable) mass transfer as well. Article repository and data files linked to here -- http://www.astrojack.com/research/
Improving the Accuracy of Marginal Approximations in Likelihood-Free Inference via Localization
Creators: name: Drovandi, Christopher
name: Nott, David J.
name: Frazier, David T.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 19999
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Likelihood-free methods are an essential tool for performing inference for implicit models which can be simulated from, but for which the corresponding likelihood is intractable. However, common likelihood-free methods do not scale well to a large number of model parameters. A promising approach to high-dimensional likelihood-free inference involves estimating low-dimensional marginal posteriors by conditioning only on summary statistics believed to be informative for the low-dimensional component, and then combining the low-dimensional approximations in some way. In this article, we demonstrate that such low-dimensional approximations can be surprisingly poor in practice for seemingly intuitive summary statistic choices. We describe an idealized low-dimensional summary statistic that is, in principle, suitable for marginal estimation. However, a direct approximation of the idealized choice is difficult in practice. We thus suggest an alternative approach to marginal estimation which is easier to implement and automate. Given an initial choice of low-dimensional summary statistic that might only be informative about a marginal posterior location, the new method improves performance by first crudely localizing the posterior approximation using all the summary statistics to ensure global identifiability, followed by a second step that hones in on an accurate low-dimensional approximation using the low-dimensional summary statistic. We show that the posterior this approach targets can be represented as a logarithmic pool of posterior distributions based on the low-dimensional and full summary statistics, respectively. The good performance of our method is illustrated in low to moderate dimensional examples. Computer code to implement the methods for the examples of this article is available at https://github.com/cdrovandi/ABC-marginal-approximations.
Determinant density and biperiodic alternating links
Creators: name: Champanerkar, Abhijit
name: Kofman, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let L be any infinite biperiodic alternating link. We show that for any sequence of finite links that Folner converges almost everywhere to L, their determinant densities converge to the Mahler measure of the 2-variable characteristic polynomial of the toroidal dimer model on an associated biperiodic graph.
description: 12 pages. V2: corrections in section 5