cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
(No) phase transition in tensorial group field theory
Creators: name: Pithis, Andreas G. A.
name: Thürigen, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continuum spacetime is expected to emerge via phase transition in discrete approaches to quantum gravity. A promising example is tensorial group field theory but its phase diagram remains an open issue. The results of recent attempts in terms of the functional renormalization group method remain inconclusive since they are restricted to truncations of low order. We overcome this barrier with a local-potential approximation for $\textrm{U}(1)$ tensor fields at arbitrary rank $r$ focusing on a specific class of so-called cyclic-melonic interactions. Projecting onto constant field configurations, we obtain the full set of renormalization-group flow equations. At large cut-offs we find equivalence with $r-1$ dimensional $\textrm{O}(N)$ scalar field theory in the large-$N$ limit, modified by a tensor-specific, relatively large anomalous dimension. However, on small length scales there is equivalence with the corresponding scalar field theory with vanishing dimension and, thus, no phase transition. This is confirmed by numerical analysis of the full non-autonomous equations where we always find symmetry restoration. The essential reason for this effect are isolated zero modes. This result should therefore be true for tensor field theories on any compact domain and including any tensor-invariant interactions. Thus, group field theories with non-compact degrees of freedom will be necessary to describe a phase transition to continuum spacetime.
description: various modifications for coherence with the more general and detailed article arXiv:2009.13588
Additional file 1 of Effect of dietary myo-inositol supplementation on the insulin resistance and the prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Asimakopoulos, George
name: Pergialiotis, Vasilios
name: Anastasiou, Eleni
name: Antsaklis, Panagiotis
name: Theodora, Mariana
name: Vogiatzi, Evangelia
name: Aggela Kallergi
name: Sindos, Michael
name: Loutradis, Dimitrios
name: Daskalakis, George
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents.
Finite volume effects in a quenched lattice-QCD quark propagator
Creators: name: Fischer, C. S.
name: Pennington, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate finite volume effects in the pattern of chiral symmetry breaking. To this end we employ a formulation of the Schwinger-Dyson equations on a torus which reproduces results from the corresponding lattice simulations of staggered quarks and from the overlap action. Studying the volume dependence of the quark propagator we find quantitative differences with the infinite volume result at small momenta and small quark masses. We estimate the minimal box length L below which chiral perturbation theory cannot be applied to be L \simeq 1.6 fm. In the infinite volume limit we find a chiral condensate of ||_{\bar{MS}}^{2 GeV} = (253 \pm 5.0 MeV)^3, an up/down quark mass of m_{\bar{MS}}^{2 GeV} = 4.1 \pm 0.3 MeV and a pion decay constant which is only ten percent smaller than the experimental value.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures. v2: minor clarifications added, version published in PRD
Autism Prevalence and the Intersectionality of Assigned Sex at Birth, Race, and Ethnicity on Age of Diagnosis
Creators: name: Bristol, Stephanie
name: Wylie, Amanda
name: McFayden, Tyler C.
name: Putnam, Orla C.
name: Harrop, Clare
name: Goldblum, Jessica E.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2023

description: Purpose An official autism diagnosis is required to access timely intervention and is associated with better long-term wellbeing and mental health. Certain demographic characteristics, such as being female or a racially or ethnically minoritized youth, have been associated with significant diagnostic lag. However, it remains unclear how assigned sex, race, and ethnicity interact with each other in predicting the prevalence and age of autism diagnosis. Methods To examine the interactions between assigned sex, race, and ethnicity, we used data from the National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH; 2016 > 2021). Results One in 38 children had an autism diagnosis and 3.8 males were diagnosed per 1 female. Hierarchical linear regressions yielded diagnostic delays in some females, particularly those who were non-Hispanic white, Black, and Asian. Ethnic and racial minority children had significantly earlier diagnoses than white and non-Hispanic children when not accounting for sex. Conclusion This study demonstrates slight increases in reported autism prevalence, a diagnostic lag in some autistic females that was strongly associated with ethnicity, and earlier diagnoses in racial and ethnic minority youth, a finding that may be explained by factors associated with phenotypic differences. This study has important implications for the diagnosis of minority autistic youth, particularly females and females who are non-Hispanic, who may experience a greater propensity for diagnostic delays.
Integrability and braided tensor categories
Creators: name: Fendley, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many integrable statistical mechanical models possess a fractional-spin conserved current. Such currents have been constructed by utilising quantum-group algebras and ideas from "discrete holomorphicity". I find them naturally and much more generally using a braided tensor category, a topological structure arising in knot invariants, anyons and conformal field theory. I derive a simple constraint on the Boltzmann weights admitting a conserved current, generalising one found using quantum-group algebras. The resulting trigonometric weights are typically those of a critical integrable lattice model, so the method here gives a linear way of "Baxterising", i.e. building a solution of the Yang-Baxter equation out of topological data. It also illuminates why many models do not admit a solution. I discuss many examples in geometric and local models, including (perhaps) a new solution.
description: 23 pages
Who are vaccine champions and what implementation strategies do they use to improve adolescent HPV vaccination? Findings from a national survey of primary care professionals
Creators: name: Calo, William A.
name: Kennedy, Kathryn L.
name: Gilkey, Melissa B.
name: Shea, Christopher M.
name: Weaver, Sandra
name: Queen, Tara L.
name: Heisler-MacKinnon, Jennifer
name: Brewington, Micaela K.
name: Barry, Chris
name: Kong, Wei Yi
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description: Background Implementation science researchers often cite clinical champions as critical to overcoming organizational resistance and other barriers to the implementation of evidence-based health services, yet relatively little is known about who champions are or how they effect change. To inform future efforts to identify and engage champions to support HPV vaccination, we sought to describe the key characteristics and strategies of vaccine champions working in adolescent primary care. Methods In 2022, we conducted a national survey with a web-based panel of 2527 primary care professionals (PCPs) with a role in adolescent HPV vaccination (57% response rate). Our sample consisted of pediatricians (26%), family medicine physicians (22%), advanced practice providers (24%), and nursing staff (28%). Our survey assessed PCPs’ experience with vaccine champions, defined as health care professionals “known for helping their colleagues improve vaccination rates.” Results Overall, 85% of PCPs reported currently working with one or more vaccine champions. Among these 2144 PCPs, most identified the champion with whom they worked most closely as being a physician (40%) or nurse (40%). Almost all identified champions worked to improve vaccination rates for vaccines in general (45%) or HPV vaccine specifically (49%). PCPs commonly reported that champion implementation strategies included sharing information (79%), encouragement (62%), and vaccination data (59%) with colleagues, but less than half reported that champions led quality improvement projects (39%). Most PCPs perceived their closest champion as being moderately to extremely effective at improving vaccination rates (91%). PCPs who did versus did not work with champions more often recommended HPV vaccination at the earliest opportunity of ages 9–10 rather than later ages (44% vs. 33%, p < 0.001). Conclusions Findings of our national study suggest that vaccine champions are common in adolescent primary care, but only a minority lead quality improvement projects. Interventionists seeking to identify champions to improve HPV vaccination rates can expect to find them among both physicians and nurses, but should be prepared to offer support to more fully engage them in implementing interventions.
Noise-enhanced spatial-photonic Ising machine
Creators: name: Pierangeli, Davide
name: Marcucci, Giulia
name: Brunner, Daniel
name: Conti, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ising machines are novel computing devices for the energy minimization of Ising models. These combinatorial optimization problems are of paramount importance for science and technology, but remain difficult to tackle on large scale by conventional electronics. Recently, various photonics-based Ising machines demonstrated ultra-fast computing of Ising ground state by data processing through multiple temporal or spatial optical channels. Experimental noise acts as a detrimental effect in many of these devices. On the contrary, we here demonstrate that an optimal noise level enhances the performance of spatial-photonic Ising machines on frustrated spin problems. By controlling the error rate at the detection, we introduce a noisy-feedback mechanism in an Ising machine based on spatial light modulation. We investigate the device performance on systems with hundreds of individually-addressable spins with all-to-all couplings and we found an increased success probability at a specific noise level. The optimal noise amplitude depends on graph properties and size, thus indicating an additional tunable parameter helpful in exploring complex energy landscapes and in avoiding trapping into local minima. The result points out noise as a resource for optical computing. This concept, which also holds in different nanophotonic neural networks, may be crucial in developing novel hardware with optics-enabled parallel architecture for large-scale optimizations.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Assessing the tradeoffs in emissions, air quality and health benefits from excess power generation due to climate-related policies for the transportation sector
Creators: name: Arunachalam, Saravanan
name: Arter, Calvin A
name: Buonocore, Jonathan
name: Efstathiou, Christos I
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing
Year: 2024

description: As the transportation sector continues to decarbonize through electrification, there is growing interest in quantifying potential tradeoffs in air pollution and health impacts due to potential excess emissions from the power sector. This study investigates air pollution and health impacts of policy-driven changes in the transportation sector and the associated power generation demand in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic United States. Five illustrative scenarios were designed to capture the effects of different policies under the first mandatory market-based program to reduce greenhouse gases in the US power sector (Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative—RGGI) and the Transportation and Climate Initiative (TCI). Considering future power generation with new renewable energy investments to meet demands from decarbonized transportation, the scenarios were framed using: 1. 2030 reference cases for both sectors and a hybrid TCI portfolio, 2. Departure from the reference cases defined by Pennsylvania included or not in RGGI, and 3. Power grid emissions estimated under clean energy standard (CES) policy and hybrid TCI portfolio. While the cross-sectoral policy effect on domain-wide concentrations is modest (max ΔPM2.5 ∼ 0.06 μg m3, ΔNO2 ∼ 0.3 ppbv, ΔO3 ∼ 0.15 ppbv), substantial increases in Ohio and West Virginia were attributed to Pennsylvania joining RGGI. With CES enacted and Pennsylvania in RGGI, significant reductions are seen in average concentrations (max ΔPM2.5 ∼ 1.2 μg m3, ΔNO2 ∼ 1.1 ppbv, ΔO3 ∼ 1.7 ppbv) except for Louisiana and Mississippi with corresponding disbenefits. When focusing exclusively on emissions reductions from transportation, the hybrid TCI portfolio had health benefits of 530 avoided adult deaths, and 46 000 avoided asthma exacerbations. With a ‘business as usual’ power grid, these benefits remain comparable and are mainly driven by NO2, followed by PM2.5 and O3. However, if Pennsylvania joins RGGI, total health benefits and spatial distribution change substantially, with a large portion of adverse health impacts moving from TCI states to Ohio and West Virginia. The overall monetized impact of a CES scenario can substantially exceed the estimated average range of 66–69 Billion US$, depending on the interaction with transportation decarbonization strategies and other drivers of exposure.
Surveys: What Does One Need to Know More About Them
Creators: name: Djunaidi, Harjanto
name: Djunaidi, Harjanto
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The use of surveys as a data collection method gained its popularity in recent years. However, one needs to be aware of the possibility to make measurement errors due to incorrect surveys design. The way how a question is asked and the choice the respondents have to choose from shape the sample space which in turns will affect the expected value, variance and co-variance of a random variable.
ТЕНДЕНЦИИ РАЗВИТИЯ  КАЧЕСТВЕННОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В НЕГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
Creators: name: Юлдашева, Н.А.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: основные принципы в области образования в рамках закона с целью определения приоритетов системной реформы высшего образования в Республике Узбекистан, качественного вывода процесса подготовки высококвалифицированных кадров с независимым мышлением на новый уровень, модернизации высшего образования, развития социальной сферы и экономики сети, основанные на передовых образовательных технологиях,, виды и формы были четко определены, и инклюзивное образование в нем было направлено на обеспечение равных возможностей получения образования в учебных заведениях для всех учащихся с учетом индивидуальных образовательных потребностей и разнообразия индивидуальных возможностей.
Noncontact Respiratory Anomaly Detection Using Infrared Light-Wave Sensing
Creators: name: Gotcher, Carly
name: Martinez, Tyler
name: Islam, Zobaer
name: Ekin, Sabit
name: O'Hara, John F.
name: Martin, Brenden
Publisher: name: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Year: 2024

description: Human respiratory rate and its pattern convey essential information about the physical and psychological states of the subject. Abnormal breathing can indicate fatal health issues leading to further diagnosis and treatment. Wireless light-wave sensing (LWS) using incoherent infrared light shows promise in safe, discreet, efficient, and noninvasive human breathing monitoring without raising privacy concerns. The respiration monitoring system needs to be trained on different types of breathing patterns to identify breathing anomalies. The system must also validate the collected data as a breathing waveform, discarding any faulty data caused by external interruption, user movement, or system malfunction. To address these needs, this study simulated normal and different types of abnormal respiration using a robot that mimics human breathing patterns. Then, time-series respiration data were collected using infrared light-wave sensing technology. Three machine learning algorithms, decision tree, random forest and XGBoost, were applied to detect breathing anomalies and faulty data. Model performances were evaluated through cross-validation, assessing classification accuracy, precision, and recall scores. The random forest model achieved the highest classification accuracy of 96.75 with data collected at a 0.5 m distance. In general, ensemble models like random forest and XGBoost performed better than a single model in classifying the data collected at multiple distances from the LWS setup.
Christlich-arabische Novitäten
Creators: name: Graf, G.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 24 Nr. 1 (1927): Oriens christianus, Band 24, Heft 1
Ismaili women’s experiences of in-group discrimination
Creators: name: Mohamed, Shamsah J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The Ismā’ īlīs in Vancouver, Canada at the present time are a religious group mainly from a South Asian ethnic background also sometimes referred to as Khōja Ismā’ īlīs. The purpose of this study is to illuminate the experiences of Ismā’ īlīs women who were identified as marginalized from the Ismā’ īlīs community (e.g., they may not attend the Jama'at Khana on a regular basis, or they may have chosen to have limited contact within the community). In-group discrimination occurs through interactions with other members of the same community. Experiences of different forms of in-group discrimination were explored through in-depth interviews with six adult Ismā’ īlīs women, aged 24 to 45, who immigrated to Canada within the last 30 years and who currently reside in Vancouver. The study used a multicase design and followed the constant comparative method of data analysis. Results revealed nine themes of discrimination; five causes or forms of discrimination, and four consequences or outcomes. In addition, the context in which the discrimination occurs, recommendations for the community, and positive aspects of the faith and religion as interpreted by the participants were presented. The results indicated that the women's experiences contained examples of in-group discrimination that ranged from classism to physical abuse; and reflected both structural and functional themes of discrimination.
Industry Concentration Impacts on Business Strategies Used by Small Produce Wholesalers
Creators: name: Hinson, Roger A.
name: Sinoha, Ramona
name: Reaves, Dixie Watts
name: Hinson, Roger A.
name: Sinoha, Ramona
name: Reaves, Dixie Watts
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Opportunities for small produce wholesalers are affected by concentration in the supply chain, and availability and use of information technology for cost and service issues. Case studies evaluated perceptions, technology adoption and use, and strategies. Ongoing relationships, contracts and bids were common, and a differentiation strategy was chosen.
The silence of binary Kerr
Creators: name: Aoude, Rafael
name: Chung, Ming-Zhi
name: Huang, Yu-tin
name: Machado, Camila S.
name: Tam, Man-Kuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A non-trivial $\mathcal{S}$-matrix generally implies a production of entanglement: starting with an incoming pure state the scattering generally returns an outgoing state with non-vanishing entanglement entropy. It is then interesting to ask if there exists a non-trivial $\mathcal{S}$-matrix that generates no entanglement. In this letter, we argue that the answer is the scattering of classical black holes. We study the spin-entanglement in the scattering of arbitrary spinning particles. Augmented with Thomas-Wigner rotation factors, we derive the entanglement entropy from the gravitational induced $2\rightarrow 2$ amplitude. In the Eikonal limit, we find that the relative entanglement entropy, defined here as the \textit{difference} between the entanglement entropy of the \textit{in} and \textit{out}-states, is nearly zero for minimal coupling irrespective of the \textit{in}-state, and increases significantly for any non-vanishing spin multipole moments. This suggests that minimal couplings of spinning particles, whose classical limit corresponds to Kerr black hole, has the unique feature of generating near zero entanglement.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, supplementary added, 9 figures
Adoption of Conservation-Tillage Methods and Genetically Modified Cotton
Creators: name: Roberts, Roland K.
name: English, Burton C.
name: Gao, Qi
name: Larson, James A.
name: Roberts, Roland K.
name: English, Burton C.
name: Gao, Qi
name: Larson, James A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Bayes' theorem
subject: conservation tillage
subject: cotton
subject: genetically modified crops
subject: herbicide tolerant crops
subject: simultaneous logit model
subject: technology adoption

description: Adoption of herbicide-tolerant cotton and conservation tillage may be simultaneously related. Bayes' theorem and a two-equation logit model were used to test the simultaneity hypothesis. Evidence for Tennessee suggests that adoption of these technologies reduced residual herbicide use and soil erosion more than if adoption of these technologies were independent.
Combating the Crisis: Managing Watersheds for Economic Profit and Environmental Quality Improvement
Creators: name: Rodriguez, German
name: Popp, Jennie S. Hughes
name: Rodriguez, German
name: Popp, Jennie S. Hughes
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Phosphorus runoff has generated water quality degradation, spawning legislative and regularity actions in several watersheds in Northwest Arkansas. Best management practices (BMPs) can be viable alternatives in dealing with nutrient excess. The profitability of several BMPs deemed effective in addressing such concerns is examined in one Northwest Arkansas watershed.
Cost-Effectiveness of Alternative Environmental Policies for Reducing Non-Point Source Pollution in Public Water Supplies
Creators: name: Mafoua, Edouard
name: Hornbaker, Robert H.
name: Mafoua, Edouard
name: Hornbaker, Robert H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This study predicts farmers' response to policy alternatives aimed at alleviating non-point source pollution problems in a municipal water supply in Pike County, Illinois. The framework integrated simulation models with optimization models of the watershed to assess environmental policies. Results show how farmers are likely to alter agricultural management practices.
Eine griechisch-armenische Evangelienillustration
Creators: name: Baumstark, Anton
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 24 Nr. 1 (1927): Oriens christianus, Band 24, Heft 1
Carving out the Space of Open-String S-matrix
Creators: name: Huang, Yu-tin
name: Liu, Jin-Yu
name: Rodina, Laurentiu
name: Wang, Yihong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we explore the open string amplitude's dual role as a space-time S-matrix and a 1D CFT correlation function. We pursue this correspondence in two directions. First, beginning with a general disk integrand dressed with a Koba-Nielsen factor, we demonstrate that exchange symmetry for the factorization residue of the amplitude forces the integrand to be expandable on SL(2,R) conformal blocks. Furthermore, positivity constraints associated with unitarity imply the SL(2,R) blocks must come in linear combinations for which the Virasoro block emerges at the "kink" in the space of solutions. In other words, Virasoro symmetry arises at the boundary of consistent factorization. Next, we consider the low energy EFT description, where unitarity manifests as the EFThedron in which the couplings must live. The existence of a worldsheet description implies, through the Koba-Nielsen factor, monodromy relations which impose algebraic identities amongst the EFT couplings. We demonstrate at finite derivative order that the intersection of the "monodromy plane" and the EFThedron carves out a tiny island for the couplings, which continues to shrink as the derivative order is increased. At the eighth derivative order, on a three-dimensional monodromy plane, the intersection fixes the width of this island to around 1.5$\%$ (of $ζ(3)$) and 0.2$\%$ (of $ζ(5)$) with respect to the super string answer. This leads us to conjecture that the four-point open superstring amplitude can be completely determined by the geometry of the intersection of the monodromy plane and the EFThedron.
description: 13 figures
Stability of a nonlinear oscillator with random damping
Creators: name: Leprovost, Nicolas
name: Aumaitre, Sébatien
name: Mallick, Kirone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A noisy damping parameter in the equation of motion of a nonlinear oscillator renders the fixed point of the system unstable when the amplitude of the noise is sufficiently large. However, the stability diagram of the system can not be predicted from the analysis of the moments of the linearized equation. In the case of a white noise, an exact formula for the Lyapunov exponent of the system is derived. We then calculate the critical damping for which the {\em nonlinear} system becomes unstable. We also characterize the intermittent structure of the bifurcated state above threshold and address the effect of temporal correlations of the noise by considering an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck noise.
Additional file 1 of Participants who were difficult to recruit at baseline are less likely to complete a follow-up questionnaire – results from the German National Cohort
Creators: name: Rach, Stefan
name: Günther, Kathrin
name: Hadeler, Birte
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Symmetry, Transactions, and the Mechanism of Wave Function Collapse
Creators: name: Cramer, John G.
name: Mead, Carver A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Transactional Interpretation of quantum mechanics exploits the intrinsic time-symmetry of wave mechanics to interpret the $ψ$ and $ψ$* wave functions present in all wave mechanics calculations as representing retarded and advanced waves moving in opposite time directions that form a quantum "handshake" or transaction. This handshake is a 4D standing-wave that builds up across space-time to transfer the conserved quantities of energy, momentum, and angular momentum in an interaction. Here we derive a two-atom quantum formalism describing a transaction. We show that the bi-directional electromagnetic coupling between atoms can be factored into a matched pair of vector potential Green's functions: one retarded and one advanced, and that this combination uniquely enforces the conservation of energy in a transaction. Thus factored, the single-electron wave functions of electromagnetically-coupled atoms can be analyzed using Schrödinger's original wave mechanics. The technique generalizes to any number of electromagnetically coupled single-electron states---no higher-dimensional space is needed. Using this technique, we show a worked example of the transfer of energy from a hydrogen atom in an excited state to a nearby hydrogen atom in its ground state. It is seen that the initial exchange creates a dynamically unstable situation that avalanches to the completed transaction, demonstrating that wave function collapse, considered mysterious in the literature, can be implemented with solutions of Schrödinger's original wave mechanics, coupled by this unique combination of retarded/advanced vector potentials, without the introduction of any additional mechanism or formalism. We also analyse a simplified version of the photon-splitting and Freedman-Clauser three-electron experiments and show that their results can be predicted by this formalism.
description: 48 pages, 19 figures; published in special Symmetry issue "Symmetries in Quantum Mechanics"; revised to reflect referee suggestions
Heterogeneity in Producer's Marketing Strategy
Creators: name: Zhang, Tong
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
name: Zhang, Tong
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Producers can make their market timing decisions either based on fundamental or technical analysis to reach specific financial target. A generalized mixture model is used to discriminate producers into more than one segment according to their marketing strategies. The heterogeneous selling response is the same within each segment.
Assessing Etiologic Heterogeneity for Multinomial Outcome with Two-Phase Outcome-Dependent Sampling Design
Creators: name: Troester, Melissa A
name: Reifeis, Sarah A
name: Love, Michael I
name: Hudgens, Michael G
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2024

description: Etiologic heterogeneity occurs when distinct sets of events or exposures give rise to different subtypes of disease. Inference about subtype-specific exposure effects from two-phase outcome-dependent sampling data requires adjustment for both confounding and the sampling design. Common approaches to inference for these effects do not necessarily appropriately adjust for these sources of bias, or allow for formal comparisons of effects across different subtypes. Herein, using inverse probability weighting (IPW) to fit a multinomial model is shown to yield valid inference with this sampling design for subtype-specific exposure effects and contrasts thereof. The IPW approach is compared to common regression-based methods for assessing exposure effect heterogeneity using simulations. The methods are applied to estimate subtype-specific effects of various exposures on breast cancer risk in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study.
Additional file 1 of Osteoporotic fracture rates in chronic hemodialysis and effect of heparin exposure: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Harrak, Hind
name: René, Emilie
name: Alsalemi, Noor
name: Naoual Elftouh
name: Lafrance, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Specific medical services billing codes for osteoporotic fractures by site. Table S2. Non-specific osteoporotic fracture billing codes and specific ICD-9/ICD-10 codes
Patient motivators of postoperative electronic patient-reported outcome symptom monitoring use in thoracic surgery patients: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Carda-Auten, Jessica
name: O’Leary, Meghan C.
name: Gentry, Amanda L.
name: Kwong, Elizabeth
name: Leeman, Jennifer
name: Mody, Gita N.
name: Stover, Angela M.
name: Cox, Chase
name: Vu, Maihan B.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description: Background Electronic patient-reported outcome (ePRO) systems can be used to engage patients in remote symptom monitoring to support postoperative care. We interviewed thoracic surgery patients with ePRO experience to identify factors that influenced use of ePROs to report their symptoms post-discharge. Method This qualitative study used semi-structured telephone interviews with adults who underwent major thoracic surgery at an academic medical center in North Carolina. Individuals who enrolled in symptom monitoring, completed at least one ePRO survey, and were reachable by phone for the interview were included. The ePRO surveys assessed 10 symptoms, including validated Patient-Reported Outcome Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE) measures and thoracic surgery-specific questions. Surveys, offered via web-based and automated telephone options, were administered for four weeks post-discharge with alerts sent to clinicians for concerning symptoms. The interviews were guided by the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation model for behavior change (COM-B) and examined factors that influenced patients’ completion of ePRO surveys post-discharge. Team members independently coded interviews and identified themes, informed by COM-B. We report descriptive statistics (demographics, number of surveys completed) and themes organized by COM-B components. Results Of 28 patients invited, 25 (89%) completed interviews from July to October 2022. Participants were a median 58 years, 56% female, 80% White, and 56% had a history of malignancy. They completed 131/150 (87%) possible ePRO surveys. For capability, participants reported building ePROs into their routine and having the skills and knowledge, but lacking physical and emotional energy, to complete ePROs. For opportunity, participants identified the ease and convenience of accessing ePROs and providers’ validation of ePROs. Motivators were perceived benefits of a deepening connection to their clinical team, improved symptom management for themselves and others, and self-reflection about their recovery. Factors limiting motivation included lack of clarity about the purpose of ePROs and a disconnect between symptom items and individual recovery experience. Conclusions Patients described being motivated to complete ePROs when reinforced by clinicians and considered ePROs as valuable to their post-discharge experience. Future work should enhance ePRO patient education, improve provider alerts and communications about ePROs, and integrate options to capture patients’ complex health journeys.
Glyphosate influences cell proliferation in vitro
Creators: name: Soyeon Jeon
name: Sang-Hyeop Lee
name: Jaechul Roh
name: Jang-Eok Kim
name: Heeyoun Bunch
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide worldwide. However, since the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified glyphosate as a Class 2A ‘probable carcinogen’ to humans, the safety of this synthetic chemical has been under debate and requires validation. Most studies on glyphosate have been conducted in animals, and the effects of glyphosate in humans are not fully understood. In the present study, we report that glyphosate increases the rate of cell growth in human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells. Interestingly, the concentrations of glyphosate ranging between 0.6 and 18 µM enhance cell proliferation, while lower or higher concentrations do not stimulate cell growth or interfere with it, respectively. At the molecular level, cell biology and biochemical data demonstrate that glyphosate promotes the transcription of EGR1, JUN, FOS, and MYC, which are critical transcription factors and immediate early genes for cell cycle progression, and cell cycle regulators including cyclin B1, cyclin D1, and p21. NEAT1, a long non-coding RNAs that is implicated in cancers and active gene transcription are increased in glyphosate-treated cells. In addition, the absorption efficiency of glyphosate to HEK293 cells estimates approximately 11 pM/cell/day, and glyphosate metabolism appears increased when incubated with HEK293 cells. Our findings provide valuable evidence on the effects of glyphosate on human cell growth and suggest that glyphosate promotes cell proliferation by activating gene expression of cell cycle regulators in humans in vitro. Abbreviations: IARC: International Agency for Research on Cancer; EPSPS: 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase; AMPA: aminomethylphosphonic acid; WHO: World Health Organization; EFSA: European Food Safety Authority; RT-qPCR: reverse transcription quantifying PCR; lncRNA: Long non-coding RNA; NEAT1: Nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1; WST: water-soluble tetrazolium salt; ChIP-PCR: chromatin immunoprecipitation-polymerase chain reaction; CDKs: cyclin-dependent protein kinases; MALAT1: metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcription 1; LC-MS-MS: liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
Who is Willing to Pay to Keep Livestock Production Away?
Creators: name: Eberle, Phillip R.
name: Rendleman, C. Matthew
name: Peterson, William C.
name: Eberle, Phillip R.
name: Rendleman, C. Matthew
name: Peterson, William C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Residents have opposed location of nearby livestock facilities. Illinois residents were asked how much they would be willing to pay (WTP) to stop a dairy from locating near them. Most respondents would not pay. Demographic characteristics (income, education, age, gender, agricultural interest, activism, etc.) were used to evaluate respondents WTP.
Hydroxygraphene: dynamics of hydrogen bond networks
Creators: name: Savin, Alexander V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the molecular dynamics method, dynamics of hydrogen bond (HB) networks emerging on the surface of a graphene sheet during its functionalization with hydroxyl groups OH are simulated. It is demonstrated that two OH groups form an energetically more advantageous structure when they are covalently attached on one side of the sheet to carbon atoms forming opposite vertices of one hexagon of valence bonds of the sheet. Attaching of OH groups to carbon atoms located at the opposite vertices of hexagons of valence bonds leads to the emergence of hydroxygraphene C$_4$(OH). In such sheet lying on a flat substrate, attached oxygen atoms on its outer surface form a hexagonal lattice, and hydroxyl groups due to their turns can in various ways form chains of hydrogen bonds. The modification of the sheet from two sides results in forming of hydroxygraphene C$_2$(OH) with HB networks on both sides of the graphene sheet. Simulation of the dynamics of these sheets shows that their heat capacity at low temperatures $TT_0$ is explained by the "melting" of the lattice. For one chain of OH groups connected to the outer side of a nanoribbon the melting temperature is $T_0=500$K, while for a graphene sheet C4(OH) modified on one side $T_0=260$K, and for a graphene sheet C$_2$(OH) modified on both sides $T_0=485$K.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Impact of Fuel Price Increases on Texas Crops
Creators: name: Eggerman, Chris R.
name: McMahon, Sarah A.
name: Richardson, James W.
name: Outlaw, Joe L.
name: Eggerman, Chris R.
name: McMahon, Sarah A.
name: Richardson, James W.
name: Outlaw, Joe L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: crop model
subject: simulation
subject: input-output model

description: This study estimates the impact of fuel price increases on Texas crop income with probabilistic forecasts of 2006-2008 production costs, planted acres and net returns for the state's major crops under alternative fuel cost assumptions. Revenue forecasts are entered into an input-output model to estimate impacts on the state economy.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 02/02/06.
An empirical study of counterfactual visualization to support visual causal inference
Creators: name: Borland, David
name: Wang, Arran Zeyu
name: Gotz, David
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2024

description: Counterfactuals – expressing what might have been true under different circumstances – have been widely applied in statistics and machine learning to help understand causal relationships. More recently, counterfactuals have begun to emerge as a technique being applied within visualization research. However, it remains unclear to what extent counterfactuals can aid with visual data communication. In this paper, we primarily focus on assessing the quality of users’ understanding of data when provided with counterfactual visualizations. We propose a preliminary model of causality comprehension by connecting theories from causal inference and visual data communication. Leveraging this model, we conducted an empirical study to explore how counterfactuals can improve users’ understanding of data in static visualizations. Our results indicate that visualizing counterfactuals had a positive impact on participants’ interpretations of causal relations within datasets. These results motivate a discussion of how to more effectively incorporate counterfactuals into data visualizations.
Bericht über einige syrische Handschriften
Creators: name: Rücker, Adolf
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 24 Nr. 1 (1927): Oriens christianus, Band 24, Heft 1
Non-oxidative effects of the flavonoid-rich fraction of Lasianthera africana leaves on human haemoglobin
Creators: name: Eleazar Chukwuemeka Anorue
name: Ekpo, Daniel Emmanuel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Several plant phytochemicals have been reported to possess therapeutic properties. However, most of them are capable of causing oxidation of the human haemoglobin into the ferric state making them hazardous to cells and tissues. This study was aimed at investigating the non-oxidative effect of the flavonoid-rich fraction of Lasianthera africana leaves (LAFRF) on human haemoglobin. Isolation and purification of LAFRF was carried out by solvent extraction, partitioning and ion-exchange chromatography. Six test groups were setup as follows: A reaction tube containing 800 µl of oxyhaemoglobin (OxyHb) served as the normal control, while the test groups were made up of different concentrations of LAFRF (5, 10, 20, 40 and 80 mg/ml) incubated with 100 µl of OxyHb. The non-oxidative effects of the LAFRF on the human haemoglobin was assessed by UV-visible spectroscopy. The results indicated that LAFRF possess non-oxidative effects on human haemoglobin, as it did not cause any disappearance of the absorbance maxima at 576 nm and 541 nm at all concentrations investigated. Furthermore, a concentration-dependent increase in the absorbance of the treated OxyHb was recorded when compared to the untreated OxyHb, thus signifying its potential as a safe pharmacological agent for in vivo investigations.
A new apparatus for deep patterning of beam sensitive targets by means of high-energy ion beam
Creators: name: Rovelli, A.
name: Amato, A.
name: Botta, D.
name: Chiodoni, A.
name: Gerbaldo, R.
name: Ghigo, G.
name: Gozzelino, L.
name: Laviano, F.
name: Minetti, B.
name: Mezzetti, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper reports on a high precision equipment designed to modify over 3-dimensions (3D) by means of high-energy gold ions the local properties of thin and thick films. A target-moving system aimed at creating patterns across the volume is driven by an x-y writing protocol that allows one to modify beam sensitive samples over micrometer-size regions of whatever shape. The apparatus has a mechanical resolution of 15 nm. The issue of the local fluence measurement has been particularly addressed. The setup has been checked by means of different geometries patterned on beam sensitive sheets as well as on superconducting materials. In the last case the 3D modification consists of amorphous nanostructures. The nanostructures create zones with different dissipative properties with respect to the virgin regions. The main analysis method consists of magneto-optical imaging that provides local information on the electrodynamics of the modified zones. Features typical of non-linear current flow hint at which pattern geometry is more functional to applications in the framework of nanostructures across superconducting films.
description: 7 pages