cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A new matrix representation of the Maxwell equations based on the Riemann-Silberstein-Weber vector for a linear inhomogeneous medium
Creators: name: Khan, Sameen Ahmed
name: Jagannathan, Ramaswamy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a new eight dimensional matrix representation of the Maxwell equations for a linear homogeneous medium and extend it to the case of a linear inhomogneous medium. This derivation starts ab initio with the Maxwell equations and uses arguments based on the algebra of the Pauli matrices. This process leads automatically to the matrix representation based on the Riemann-Silberstein-Weber (RSW) vector. The new representation for the homogeneous medium is a direct sum of four Pauli matrix blocks. This aspect of the new representation should make it suitable for studying the propagation of electromagnetic waves in a linear inhomogeneous medium adopting the techniques of quantum mechanics treating the inhomogeneity as a perturbation. The new representation is used to rederive the Mukunda-Simon-Sudarshan matrix substitution rule for transition from the Helmholtz scalar wave optics to the Maxwell vector wave optics.
description: 50 pages. The previous version has been substantially revised. Journal Reference: Results in Optics (in press)
Trans-Pacific transport of reactive nitrogen and ozone to Canada during spring
Creators: name: Walker, T. W.
name: Martin, R. V.
name: Van Donkelaar, A.
name: Leaitch, W. R.
name: MacDonald, A. M.
name: Anlauf, K. G.
name: Cohen, R. C.
name: Bertram, T. H.
name: Huey, L. G.
name: Avery, M. A.
name: Weinheimer, A. J.
name: Flocke, F. M.
name: Tarasick, D. W.
name: Thompson, Anne M.
name: Streets, D. G.
name: Liu, X.
Publisher: name: EGU
Year: 2010

description: We interpret observations from the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment, Phase B (INTEX-B) in spring 2006 using a global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to evaluate sensitivities of the free troposphere above the North Pacific Ocean and North America to Asian anthropogenic emissions. We develop a method to use satellite observations of tropospheric NO2 columns to provide timely estimates of trends in NOx emissions. NOx emissions increased by 33% for China and 29% for East Asia from 2003 to 2006. We examine measurements from three aircraft platforms from the INTEX-B campaign, including a Canadian Cessna taking vertical profiles of ozone near Whistler Peak. The contribution to the mean simulated ozone profiles over Whistler below 5.5 km is at least 7.2 ppbv for Asian anthropogenic emissions and at least 3.5 ppbv for global lightning NOx emissions. Tropospheric ozone columns from OMI exhibit a broad Asian outflow plume across the Pacific, which is reproduced by simulation. Mean modelled sensitivities of Pacific (30° N–60° N) tropospheric ozone columns are at least 4.6 DU for Asian anthropogenic emissions and at least 3.3 DU for lightning, as determined by simulations excluding either source. Enhancements of ozone over Canada from Asian anthropogenic emissions reflect a combination of trans-Pacific transport of ozone produced over Asia, and ozone produced in the eastern Pacific through decomposition of peroxyacetyl nitrates (PANs). A sensitivity study decoupling PANs globally from the model's chemical mechanism establishes that PANs increase ozone production by removing NOx from regions of low ozone production efficiency (OPE) and injecting it into regions with higher OPE, resulting in a global increase in ozone production by 2% in spring 2006. PANs contribute up to 4 ppbv to surface springtime ozone concentrations in western Canada. Ozone production due to PAN transport is greatest in the eastern Pacific; commonly occurring transport patterns advect this ozone northeastward into Canada. Transport events observed by the aircraft confirm that polluted airmasses were advected in this way.
Türk Dünyasında Kadına ve Aileye Dair Bir Derkenar: Kazan Tatar Atasözlerinde Kadın ve Aile
Creators: name: AYDIN ÖZER, Emel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Kadın
Aile
Kazan Tatar Atasözlerinde Kadın ve Aile

description: 326 sayfadan oluşan bu eserde, Kazan Tatar atasözlerinden yola çıkarak Kazan Tatarlarının kadın ve aileye dair düşünüşü, görüş ve bakışı ele alınmaktadır. Diğer Türk topluluklarının atasözleriyle mukayese etmeden, atasözü örnekleminde Kazan Tatarlarının geleneksel kültüründe kadına bakış, kadının yeri, kadının toplumsal kimlikleri ve bu kimliklere dair rollerine dair tespitler ve değerlendirmeler yapan bu çalışma, özel anlamda Kazan Tatarlarında, genel anlamda Türk kültür dairesinde kadın algısını ve aile kurumunun yapısını ortaya koymaktadır. Kitabın evlilik öncesinde eş seçimi, evlilikle ilgili geleneksel uygulamalar ve evlilik sonrası süreç içerisinde aile birliğinin temel dayanakları bağlamında sosyo-kültürel ve psikolojik belirleyicilere, aile birliğinin devamlılığı noktasında nelere dikkat edilmesi gerektiği ile ilgili tavsiyelere dair tespitleri müşterek Türk kültür kodlarını ortaya koyması bakımından önem taşımaktadır.
A Quantitative Analysis of Dynamic Mechanisms Regulating HIV Latency and Activation
Creators: name: Xiong, Ruiqi
name: Su, Yang
name: Ao, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Objective: The reservoir of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) latently infected cells is the major obstacle for eradication of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Due to the noisy environment and multiple influencing factors in the organism, current dynamical models cannot reach a common understanding of the molecular mechanism of HIV latency. In this work, through a new dynamical structure decomposition, the deterministic part of the equation can be separated from the stochastic noise. Thus, the fixed-point analysis of ordinary differential equation is enough to obtain the different steady states of the system. Methods: We established a dynamical model of HIV transcription process by using continuous stochastic differential equations, which simplifies the dimensions of equations needed to describe the system and increases the explorable space of the model. Different states between latency and activation of virus and their relations can be intuitively represented by potential functions and probability distribution functions. Results: Based on our model, the influence of different dynamical parameters on stability is quantitatively analyzed, the parameter ranges of the system in bistable and monostable states are obtained respectively. The theoretical basis of this work is verified by comparing the effects of different factors on dynamic bifurcation with the results of biological experiments. Conclusion: This paper goes beyond previous discrete stochastic methods, and can quantitatively analyze the dynamic mechanism of HIV transcriptional regulation through ordinary differential equations, which is beneficial to the promotion to deal with the high-dimensional situation, and further study the occurrence and development of AIDS in vivo, so as to guide the design of experiments and search for clinical treatment.
description: in Chinese language
Epidemiological Impact of Myocarditis
Creators: name: Golpour, Ainoosh
name: Patriki, Dimitri
name: Hanson, Paul J.
name: McManus, Bruce M.
name: Heidecker, Bettina
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2021

description: Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart muscle with a wide range of potential etiological factors and consequently varying clinical patterns across the world. In this review, we address the epidemiology of myocarditis. Myocarditis was considered a rare disease until intensified research efforts in recent decades revealed its true epidemiological importance. While it remains a challenge to determine the true prevalence of myocarditis, studies are underway to obtain better approximations of the proportions of this disease. Nowadays, the prevalence of myocarditis has been reported from 10.2 to 105.6 per 100,000 worldwide, and its annual occurrence is estimated at about 1.8 million cases. This wide range of reported cases reflects the uncertainty surrounding the true prevalence and a potential underdiagnosis of this disease. Since myocarditis continues to be a significant public health issue, particularly in young adults in whom myocarditis is among the most common causes of sudden cardiac death, improved diagnostic and therapeutic procedures are necessary. This manuscript aims to summarize the current knowledge on the epidemiology of myocarditis, new diagnostic approaches and the current epidemiological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Leadership for Learning and Wellbeing: Supporting Mental Health and Academic Success in England's Primary Schools
Creators: name: Ahmed, Nafiz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Educational Personnel/education
subject: Education
subject: School
subject: Child Health
subject: Health Education
subject: Leadership

description: In recent years, there has been a growing recognition that mental health is a fundamental pillar of a child’s holistic development, prompting a significant shift in the expectations placed on educational leadership within England’s primary schools. Traditionally associated with academic performance and administrative oversight, the role of school leadership has expanded to encompass the emotional, psychological, and social well-being of pupils. This broader perspective reflects the increasing awareness that mental wellbeing is intrinsically linked to academic success, behaviour, and overall student engagement. Consequently, health leadership in schools is no longer confined to managing physical health initiatives but now involves the strategic implementation of policies and practices that promote mental resilience, emotional intelligence, and a supportive school culture. This article explores how effective school leadership can positively influence both mental health and academic achievement. Drawing on a systematic review of relevant literature, it presents evidence-based insights into integrated leadership approaches that cultivate safe, inclusive, and nurturing learning environments, ultimately contributing to improved educational outcomes for all learners.
Passivity-based control of underactuated mechanical systems with Coulomb friction: Application to earthquake prevention
Creators: name: Gutierrez-Oribio, Diego
name: Stefanou, Ioannis
name: Plestan, Franck
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Passivity property gives a sense of energy balance. The classical definitions and theorems of passivity in dynamical systems require time invariance and locally Lipschitz functions. However, these conditions are not met in many systems. A characteristic example is nonautonomous and discontinuous systems due to presence of Coulomb friction. This paper presents an extended result for the negative feedback connection of two passive nonautonomous systems with set-valued right-hand side based on an invariance-like principle. Such extension is the base of a structural passivity-based control synthesis for underactuated mechanical systems with Coulomb friction. The first step consists in designing the control able to restore the passivity in the considered friction law, achieving stabilization of the system trajectories to a domain with zero velocities. Then, an integral action is included to improve the latter result and perform a tracking over a constant reference (regulation). At last, the control is designed considering dynamics in the actuation. These control objectives are obtained using fewer control inputs than degrees of freedom, as a result of the underactuated nature of the plant. The presented control strategy is implemented in an earthquake prevention scenario, where a mature seismogenic fault represents the considered frictional underactuated mechanical system. Simulations are performed to show how the seismic energy can be slowly dissipated by tracking a slow reference, thanks to fluid injection far from the fault, accounting also for the slow dynamics of the fluid's diffusion.
Penser l’engagement social en citoyen·ne ! – Les stages sociaux comme opportunité d’éducation à la citoyenneté
Creators: name: Kleinemas, Hanne
name: Mack, Alexander
Publisher: name: Universität Trier
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Politischer Unterricht
valueUri: http://d-nb.info/gnd/4076231-2
subject: Soziales Engagement
valueUri: http://d-nb.info/gnd/4137303-0
subject: Sozialpraktikum
valueUri: http://d-nb.info/gnd/4181985-8

description: Outre les stages professionnels bien connus, de plus en plus d’écoles offrent à leurs élèves la possibilité de se faire une idée des domaines d’activité que sont les soins, le social ou la médecine, dans le cadre de ce que l’on appelle les stages sociaux. Les jeunes y font des expériences qui offrent de nombreuses possibilités d’apprentissage de la démocratie.
Assimilated ozone from EOS-Aura: Evaluation of the tropopause region and tropospheric columns
Creators: name: Stajner, Ivanka
name: Wargan, Krzysztof
name: Pawson, Steven
name: Hayashi, Hiroo
name: Chang, Lang-Ping
name: Hudman, Rynda C.
name: Froidevaux, Lucien
name: Livesey, Nathaniel
name: Levelt, Pieternel F.
name: Thompson, Anne M.
name: Tarasick, David W.
name: Stübi, René
name: Andersen, Signe Bech
name: Yela, Margarita
name: König-Langlo, Gert
name: Schmidlin, F. J.
name: Witte, Jacquelyn C.
Publisher: name: AGU
Year: 2008
Subjects: troposphere
lower stratosphere
ozone assimilation

description: Retrievals from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) and the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on EOS-Aura were included in the Goddard Earth Observing System version 4 (GEOS-4) ozone data assimilation system. The distribution and daily to seasonal evolution of ozone in the stratosphere and troposphere during 2005 are investigated. In the lower stratosphere, where dynamical processes dominate, comparisons with independent ozonesonde and Measurement of Ozone and Water Vapour by Airbus In-Service Aircraft (MOZAIC) data indicate mean agreement within 10%. In the troposphere, OMI and MLS provide constraints on the ozone column, but the ozone profile shape results from the parameterized ozone chemistry and the resolved and parameterized transport. Assimilation of OMI and MLS data improves tropospheric column estimates in the Atlantic region but leads to an overestimation in the tropical Pacific and an underestimation in the northern high and middle latitudes in winter and spring. Transport and data biases are considered in order to understand these discrepancies. Comparisons of assimilated tropospheric ozone columns with ozonesonde data reveal root-mean-square (RMS) differences of 2.9–7.2 Dobson units (DU), which are smaller than the model-sonde RMS differences of 3.2–8.7 DU. Four different definitions of the tropopause using temperature lapse rate, potential vorticity (PV), and isentropic surfaces or ozone isosurfaces are compared with respect to their global impact on the estimated tropospheric ozone column. The largest sensitivity in the tropospheric ozone column is found near the subtropical jet, where the ozone- or PV-determined tropopause typically lies below the lapse rate tropopause.
Computads for weak $ω$-categories as an inductive type
Creators: name: Dean, Christopher J.
name: Finster, Eric
name: Markakis, Ioannis
name: Reutter, David
name: Vicary, Jamie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a new description of computads for weak globular $ω$-categories by giving an explicit inductive definition of the free words. This yields a new understanding of computads, and allows a new definition of $ω$-category that avoids the technology of globular operads. Our framework permits direct proofs of important results via structural induction, and we use this to give new proofs that every $ω$-category is equivalent to a free one, and that the category of computads with generator-preserving maps is a presheaf topos, giving a direct description of the index category. We prove that our resulting definition of $ω$-category agrees with that of Batanin and Leinster and that the induced notion of cofibrant replacement for $ω$-categories coincides with that of Garner.
Entretien avec des partenaires de coopération extrascolaires
Creators: name: Clesen, Nick
name: Lask, Tomke
name: Lungershausen, Sophie
name: Mack, Alexander
name: Schulte, Joachim
name: Streitz, Patrick
Publisher: name: Universität Trier
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Großregion (Körperschaft)
valueUri: http://d-nb.info/gnd/1201598451
subject: Außerschulische Bildung
valueUri: http://d-nb.info/gnd/4234453-0
subject: Politischer Unterricht
valueUri: http://d-nb.info/gnd/4076231-2

description: Quelles sont les expériences des organisations et initiatives extrascolaires en termes de collaboration avec les écoles ? mateneen s’est renseignée auprès de certaines d’entre elles sur la conception, les chances et les défis de leurs coopérations avec les écoles de la Grande Région.
Assessing the impact of two independent direction-dependent calibration algorithms on the LOFAR 21-cm signal power spectrum
Creators: name: Gan, H.
name: Mertens, F. G.
name: Koopmans, L. V. E.
name: Offringa, A. R.
name: Mevius, M.
name: Pandey, V. N.
name: Brackenhoff, S. A.
name: Ceccotti, E.
name: Ciardi, B.
name: Gehlot, B. K.
name: Ghara, R.
name: Giri, S. K.
name: Iliev, I. T.
name: Munshi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detecting the 21-cm signal from the Epoch of Reionisation (EoR) is challenging due to the strong astrophysical foregrounds, ionospheric effects, radio frequency interference and instrumental effects. Understanding and calibrating these effects are crucial for the detection. In this work, we introduce a newly developed direction-dependent (DD) calibration algorithm DDECAL and compare its performance with an existing algorithm, SAGECAL, in the context of the LOFAR-EoR 21-cm power spectrum experiment. In our data set, the North Celestial Pole (NCP) and its flanking fields were observed simultaneously. We analyse the NCP and one of its flanking fields. The NCP field is calibrated by the standard pipeline, using SAGECAL with an extensive sky model and 122 directions, and the flanking field is calibrated by DDECAL and SAGECAL with a simpler sky model and 22 directions. Additionally, two strategies are used for subtracting Cassiopeia A and Cygnus A. The results show that DDECAL performs better at subtracting sources in the primary beam region due to the application of a beam model, while SAGECAL performs better at subtracting Cassiopeia A and Cygnus A. This indicates that including a beam model during DD calibration significantly improves the performance. The benefit is obvious in the primary beam region. We also compare the 21-cm power spectra on two different fields. The results show that the flanking field produces better upper limits compared to the NCP in this particular observation. Despite the minor differences between DDECAL and SAGECAL due to the beam application, we find that the two algorithms yield comparable 21-cm power spectra on the LOFAR-EoR data after foreground removal. Hence, the current LOFAR-EoR 21-cm power spectrum limits are not likely to depend on the DD calibration method.
description: 28 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in A&A; a few equations in section 3 were corrected in this version
Grounding Stylistic Domain Generalization with Quantitative Domain Shift Measures and Synthetic Scene Images
Creators: name: Luo, Yiran
name: Feinglass, Joshua
name: Gokhale, Tejas
name: Lee, Kuan-Cheng
name: Baral, Chitta
name: Yang, Yezhou
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

description: 3rd CVPR Workshop on Vision Datasets Understanding, 2024
description: Domain Generalization (DG) is a challenging task in machine learning that requires a coherent ability to comprehend shifts across various domains through extraction of domain-invariant features. DG performance is typically evaluated by performing image classification in domains of various image styles. However, current methodology lacks quantitative understanding about shifts in stylistic domain, and relies on a vast amount of pre-training data, such as ImageNet1K, which are predominantly in photorealistic style with weakly supervised class labels. Such a data-driven practice could potentially result in spurious correlation and inflated performance on DG benchmarks. In this paper, we introduce a new 3-part DG paradigm to address these risks. We first introduce two new quantitative measures ICV and IDD to describe domain shifts in terms of consistency of classes within one domain and similarity between two stylistic domains. We then present SuperMarioDomains (SMD), a novel synthetic multi-domain dataset sampled from video game scenes with more consistent classes and sufficient dissimilarity compared to ImageNet1K. We demonstrate our DG method SMOS. SMOS uses SMD to first train a precursor model, which is then used to ground the training on a DG benchmark. We observe that SMOS+SMD altogether contributes to stateof-the-art performance across five DG benchmarks, gaining large improvements to performances on abstract domains along with on-par or slight improvements to those on photo-realistic domains. Our qualitative analysis suggests that these improvements can be attributed to reduced distributional divergence between originally distant domains. Our data are available at https://github.com/ fpsluozi/SMD-SMOS .
On the extended randomized multiple row method for solving linear least-squares problems
Creators: name: Wu, Nian-Ci
name: Liu, Chengzhi
name: Wang, Yatian
name: Zuo, Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The randomized row method is a popular representative of the iterative algorithm because of its efficiency in solving the overdetermined and consistent systems of linear equations. In this paper, we present an extended randomized multiple row method to solve a given overdetermined and inconsistent linear system and analyze its computational complexities at each iteration. We prove that the proposed method can linearly converge in the mean square to the least-squares solution with a minimum Euclidean norm. Several numerical studies are presented to corroborate our theoretical findings. The real-world applications, such as image reconstruction and large noisy data fitting in computer-aided geometric design, are also presented for illustration purposes.
Sacrificial Dissolution of Zinc Electroplated and Cold Galvanized Coated Steel in Saline and Soil Environments: A Comparison
Creators: name: Farooq, Ameeq
name: Masood Chaudry, Umer
name: Saleem, Ahsan
name: Mairaj Deen, Kashif
name: Hamad, Kotiba
name: Ahmad, Rafiq
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2021

description: To protect steel structures, zinc coatings are mostly used as a sacrificial barrier. This research aims to estimate the dissolution tendency of the electroplated and zinc-rich cold galvanized (ZRCG) coatings of a controlled thickness (35 ± 1 μm) applied via brush and dip coating methods on the mild steel. To assess the corrosion behavior of these coated samples in 3.5% NaCl and 10% NaCl containing soil solutions, open circuit potential (OCP), cyclic polarization (CP), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests were performed. The more negative OCP and appreciably large corrosion rate of the electroplated and ZRCG coated samples in 3.5% NaCl solution highlighted the preferential dissolution of Zn coatings. However, in saline soil solution, the relatively positive OCP (>−850 mV vs. Cu/CuSO₄) and lower corrosion rate of the electroplated and ZRCG coatings compared to the uncoated steel sample indicated their incapacity to protect the steel substrate. The CP scans of the zinc electroplated samples showed a positive hysteresis loop after 24 h of exposure in 3.5% NaCl and saline soil solutions attributing to the localized dissolution of the coating. Similarly, the appreciable decrease in the charge transfer resistance of the electroplated samples after 24 h of exposure corresponded to their accelerated dissolution. Compared to the localized dissolution of the electroplated and brush-coated samples, the dip-coated ZRCG samples exhibited uniform dissolution during the extended exposure (500 h) salt spray test.
Nonequilibrium criticality driven by Kardar-Parisi-Zhang fluctuations in the synchronization of oscillator lattices
Creators: name: Gutiérrez, Ricardo
name: Cuerno, Rodolfo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The synchronization of oscillator ensembles is pervasive throughout nonlinear science, from classical or quantum mechanics to biology, to human assemblies. Traditionally, the main focus has been the identification of threshold parameter values for the transition to synchronization as well as the nature of such transition. Here, we show that considering an oscillator lattice as a discrete growing interface provides unique insights into the dynamical process whereby the lattice reaches synchronization for long times. Working on a generalization of the Kuramoto model that allows for odd or non-odd couplings, we elucidate synchronization of oscillator lattices as an instance of generic scale invariance, whereby the system displays space-time criticality, largely irrespective of parameter values. The critical properties of the system (like scaling exponent values and the dynamic scaling Ansatz which is satisfied) fall into universality classes of kinetically rough interfaces with columnar disorder, namely, those of the Edwards-Wilkinson (equivalently, the Larkin model of an elastic interface in a random medium) or the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equations, for Kuramoto (odd) coupling and generic (non-odd) couplings, respectively. From the point of view of kinetic roughening, the critical properties we find turn out to be quite innovative, especially concerning the statistics of the fluctuations as characterized by their probability distribution function (PDF) and covariance. While the latter happens to be that of the Larkin model irrespective of the symmetry of the coupling, in the generic non-odd coupling case the PDF turns out to be the Tracy-Widom distribution associated with the KPZ nonlinearity. This brings the synchronization of oscillator lattices into a remarkably large class of strongly-correlated, low-dimensional (classical and quantum) systems with strong universal fluctuations.
description: 26 pages, 18 figures
Structural transitions in jammed asymmetric bidisperse granular packings
Creators: name: Petit, Juan C.
name: Sperl, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the local structural changes along the jamming transitions in asymmetric bidisperse granu\-lar packings. The local structure of the packing is assessed by the contact orientational order, $\tilde{Q}_{\ell}$, that quantifies the contribution of each contact configuration (Large-Large, Small-Small, Large-Small, Small-Large) in the jammed structure. The partial values of $\tilde{Q}_{\ell}$ are calculated with respect to known ordered lattices that are fixed by the size ratio, $δ$, of the particles. We find that the packing undergoes a structural transition at $ϕ_J$, manifested by a sudden jump in the partial $\tilde{Q}_{\ell}$. Each contact configuration contributes to the jammed structure in a different way, changing with $δ$ and concentration of small particles, $X_{\mathrm{S}}$. The results show not only that the packing undergoes a structural change upon jamming, but also that bidisperse packings exhibit local HCP and FCC structures also found in monodisperse packings. This suggests that the jammed structure of bidisperse systems is inherently endowed with local structural order. These results are relevant in understanding how the arrangement of particles determines the strength of bidisperse granular packings.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures. Submitted to Granular Matter
title: Педагогическая поддержка старших школьников с повышенным уровнем тревожности в учебно-воспитательном процессе
title: Pedagogical Support of Senior Pupils with a High Anxiety Level in the Educational Process
Creators: name: Гризодуб, Наталья Викторовна
name: Сотникова, Ирина Валентиновна
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2022

description: Предмет исследования данной статьи – педагогическая поддержка старших школьников с повышенным уровнем тревожности. Цель статьи – обосновать педагогические условия, обеспечивающие эффективность педагогической поддержки старших школьников с повышенным уровнем тревожности. Использованы как теоретические методы исследования (метод анализа, систематизации и обобщения теоретических и исследовательских данных), так и эмпирические (методика субъективной оценки ситуационной и личностной тревожности). Авторами даны рекомендации в части построения педагогической поддержки данной группы учащихся, выделены обязательные этапы педагогической поддержки.
description: The subject of the study is the pedagogical support of senior pupils with a high anxiety level. The purpose of the article is to lay a foundation for pedagogical conditions providing for the efficiency of pedagogical support for senior pupils with a high anxiety level. Both theoretical (the method of analysis, systematization and generalization of theoretical and research data) and empirical (a technique for subjective assessment of situational and personal anxiety) methods were used. The authors proposed recommendations for arrangement of pedagogical support for this group of pupils. Mandatory stages of pedagogical support were highlighted.
Fix and Bound: An efficient approach for solving large-scale quadratic programming problems with box constraints
Creators: name: Locatelli, Marco
name: Piccialli, Veronica
name: Sudoso, Antonio M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we propose a branch-and-bound algorithm for solving nonconvex quadratic programming problems with box constraints (BoxQP). Our approach combines existing tools, such as semidefinite programming (SDP) bounds strengthened through valid inequalities, with a new class of optimality-based linear cuts which leads to variable fixing. The most important effect of fixing the value of some variables is the size reduction along the branch-and-bound tree, allowing to compute bounds by solving SDPs of smaller dimension. Extensive computational experiments over large dimensional (up to $n=200$) test instances show that our method is the state-of-the-art solver on large-scale BoxQPs. Furthermore, we test the proposed approach on the class of binary QP problems, where it exhibits competitive performance with state-of-the-art solvers.
Database Optimization Using Containerized Pipelines
Creators: name: Deepti Kaushik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Modern database systems require more than manual tuning to meet the performance demands of dynamic, large-scale applications. This research presents a DevOps-driven solution that integrates containerized CI/CD pipelines for automated MySQL database optimization. By utilizing tools like Docker, Jenkins, Prometheus, and Grafana, the framework enables continuous performance monitoring and proactive tuning. The approach offers a scalable, adaptable foundation for enterprise-grade database management.
A Girsanov-type formula for a class of anticipative transforms of Brownian motion associated with exponential functionals
Creators: name: Hariya, Yuu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J65 (Primary) 60J55, 60G30 (Secondary)

description: In this paper, with the help of a result by Matsumoto--Yor (2000), we prove a Girsanov-type formula for a class of anticipative transforms of Brownian motion which possesses exponential functionals as anticipating factors. Our result unifies existing formulas in earlier works. As an application, we also consider the law of Brownian motion perturbed by a positive weight of a fairly wide class, and prove its invariance under an anticipative transformation associated with the perturbation. In the course of our exploration, a disintegration formula for the Wiener measure related to exponential functionals plays a key role.
description: 21 pages. A disintegration formula for the Wiener measure related to exponential functionals is added as Proposition 2.1, with which the results are fairly extended
Kernels of operators on Banach spaces induced by almost disjoint families
Creators: name: Horváth, Bence
name: Laustsen, Niels Jakob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 46B26, 46E15, 47B01, Secondary 18A30, 47B38

description: Let~$\mathcal{A}$ be an almost disjoint family of subsets of an infinite set~$Γ$, and denote by~$X_{\mathcal{A}}$ the closed subspace of~$\ell_\infty(Γ)$ spanned by the indicator functions of intersections of finitely many sets in~$\mathcal{A}$. We show that if~$\mathcal{A}$ has cardinality greater than~$Γ$, then the closed subspace of~$X_{\mathcal{A}}$ spanned by the indicator functions of sets of the form $\bigcap_{j=1}^{n+1}A_j$, where $n\in\N$ and $A_1,\ldots,A_{n+1}\in\mathcal{A}$ are distinct, cannot be the kernel of any bounded operator \mbox{$X_{\mathcal{A}}\rightarrow \ell_{\infty}(Γ)$}. As a consequence, we deduce that the subspace \[ \bigl\{ x\in \ell_{\infty}(Γ) : \text{the set}\ \{γ\in Γ: \lvert x(γ)\rvert > \varepsilon \}\ \text{has cardinality smaller than}\ Γ \text{for every}\ \varepsilon>0\bigr\} \] of~$\ell_\infty(Γ)$ is not the kernel of any bounded operator on~$\ell_\infty(Γ)$; this generalises results of Kalton and of Pełczyński and Sudakov.
 The situation is more complex for the Banach space~$\ell_\infty^c(Γ)$ of countably supported, bounded functions defined on an uncountable set~$Γ$. We show that it is undecidable in \textsf{ZFC} whether every bounded operator on~$\ell_\infty^c(ω_1)$ which vanishes on~$c_0(ω_1)$ must vanish on a subspace of the form~$\ell_\infty^c(A)$ for some uncountable subset~$A$ of~$ω_1$.
description: Major changes in Section 3 (previously Section 4). To appear in \textit{Houston Journal of Mathematics}
Methods of density estimation for pedestrians moving in small groups without a spatial boundary
Creators: name: Mullick, Pratik
name: Appert-Rolland, Cécile
name: Warren, William H.
name: Pettré, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a group of pedestrians without any spatial boundaries, the methods of density estimation is a wide area of research. Besides, there is a specific difficulty when the density along one given pedestrian trajectory is needed in order to plot an `individual-based' fundamental diagram. We illustrate why several methods become ill-defined in this case. We then turn to the widely used Voronoi-cell based density estimate. We show that for a typical situation of crossing flows of pedestrians, Voronoi method has to be adapted to the small sample size. We conclude with general remarks about the meaning of density measurements in such context.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for Traffic and Granular Flow 2022
Basis set generation and optimization in the NISQ era with Quiqbox.jl
Creators: name: Wang, Weishi
name: Whitfield, James D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era, ab initio computation of the electronic structure problems has become one of the major benchmarks for identifying the boundary between classical and quantum computational power. Basis sets play a key role in the electronic structure methods implemented on both classical and quantum devices. To investigate the consequences of the single-particle basis sets, we propose a framework for more customizable basis set generation and optimization. This framework allows composite basis sets to go beyond typical basis set frameworks, such as atomic basis sets, by introducing the concept of mixed-contracted Gaussian-type orbitals. These basis set generations set the stage for more flexible variational optimization of basis set parameters. To realize this framework, we have developed an open-source software package named ``Quiqbox'' in the Julia programming language. We demonstrate various examples of using Quiqbox for basis set optimization and generation, ranging from optimizing atomic basis sets on the Hartree--Fock level, preparing the initial state for VQE computation, and constructing basis sets with completely delocalized orbitals. We also include various benchmarks of Quiqbox for basis set optimization and ab initial electronic structure computation.
description: 34 pages, 13 figures, 9 tables, 2 listings
Averaging of strong magnetic nonlinear Schrödinger equations in the energy space
Creators: name: Kawakami, Jumpei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q55

description: In this study, we consider two nonlinear Schrödinger-type models that are derived by R L. Frank, F. Méhats, C. Sparber [arXiv:1611.01574] to study 3D nonlinear Schrödinger equations under strong magnetic fields. One model is derived by spatial scaling and the other is obtained by averaging the spatial scaled model over time. We study these models in the energy space to obtain global solutions and improve the convergence result over an arbitrarily long time. Regarding the nonic nonlinear power of the time averaged model, we prove a scattering result under a scaling-invariant small-energy condition, which underlines energy-criticality of the nonic case.
description: 35 pages
Random restrictions of high-rank tensors and polynomial maps
Creators: name: Briët, Jop
name: Castro-Silva, Davi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A69, 11B30, 68R05

description: Motivated by a problem in computational complexity, we consider the behavior of rank functions for tensors and polynomial maps under random coordinate restrictions. We show that, for a broad class of rank functions called natural rank functions, random coordinate restriction to a dense set will typically reduce the rank by at most a constant factor.
description: 23 pages; reformatted for Discrete Analysis
Inhalable Thioflavin S for the Detection of Amyloid Beta Deposits in the Retina
Creators: name: Barton, Shawn M.
name: To, Eleanor
name: Rogers, Baxter P.
name: Whitmore, Clayton
name: Uppal, Manjosh
name: Matsubara, Joanne A.
name: Pham, Wellington
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2021

description: We present an integrated delivery technology herein employing the aerosolized method to repurpose thioflavin S for imaging amyloid beta (Abeta) deposits in the retina as a surrogate of Abeta in the brain for early detection of Alzheimer’s disease. The data showed that wild type (WT) mice also have Abeta deposits in the retinae, albeit much less than 5XFAD mice. Further, only in 5XFAD mice, significant Abeta deposits were found associated with retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in whole-mount and cross-section data. Furthermore, the fluorescent signal depicted from thioflavin S corroborates with Abeta immunohistochemistry staining information. Overall, this probe delivery via inhalation method is also applicable to other Abeta-binding molecules, such as Congo red, curcumin, and thioflavin T. The advantage of imaging retinal amyloid deposits compared to the brain counterparts is that the eye is easily accessible by in vivo imaging and it reduces the effort to design a probe that must cross the formidable blood-brain barrier.
Averaging Orientations with Molecular Symmetry in Cryo-EM
Creators: name: Zhang, Qi
name: Bao, Chenglong
name: Lin, Hai
name: Hu, Mingxu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is an invaluable technique for determining high-resolution three-dimensional structures of biological macromolecules using transmission particle images. The inherent symmetry in these macromolecules is advantageous, as it allows each image to represent multiple perspectives. However, data processing that incorporates symmetry can inadvertently average out asymmetric features. Therefore, a key preliminary step is to visualize 2D asymmetric features in the particle images, which requires estimating orientation statistics under molecular symmetry constraints. Motivated by this challenge, we introduce a novel method for estimating the mean and variance of orientations with molecular symmetry. Utilizing tools from non-unique games, we show that our proposed non-convex formulation can be simplified as a semi-definite programming problem. Moreover, we propose a novel rounding procedure to determine the representative values. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach can find the global minima and the appropriate representatives with a high degree of probability. We release the code of our method as an open-source Python package named pySymStat. Finally, we apply pySymStat to visualize an asymmetric feature in an icosahedral virus, a feat that proved unachievable using the conventional 2D classification method in RELION.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures
MS-DETR: Multispectral Pedestrian Detection Transformer with Loosely Coupled Fusion and Modality-Balanced Optimization
Creators: name: Xing, Yinghui
name: Yang, Shuo
name: Wang, Song
name: Zhang, Shizhou
name: Liang, Guoqiang
name: Zhang, Xiuwei
name: Zhang, Yanning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multispectral pedestrian detection is an important task for many around-the-clock applications, since the visible and thermal modalities can provide complementary information especially under low light conditions. Due to the presence of two modalities, misalignment and modality imbalance are the most significant issues in multispectral pedestrian detection. In this paper, we propose M ulti S pectral pedestrian DE tection TR ansformer (MS-DETR) to fix above issues. MS-DETR consists of two modality-specific backbones and Transformer encoders, followed by a multi-modal Transformer decoder, and the visible and thermal features are fused in the multi-modal Transformer decoder. To well resist the misalignment between multi-modal images, we design a loosely coupled fusion strategy by sparsely sampling some keypoints from multi-modal features independently and fusing them with adaptively learned attention weights. Moreover, based on the insight that not only different modalities, but also different pedestrian instances tend to have different confidence scores to final detection, we further propose an instance-aware modality-balanced optimization strategy, which preserves visible and thermal decoder branches and aligns their predicted slots through an instance-wise dynamic loss. Our end-to-end MS-DETR shows superior performance on the challenging KAIST, CVC-14 and LLVIP benchmark datasets. The source code is available at https://github.com/YinghuiXing/MS-DETR.
description: The paper has been accepted by IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
Carathéodory Theory and A Priori Estimates for Continuity Inclusions in the Space of Probability Measures
Creators: name: Bonnet-Weill, Benoît
name: Frankowska, Hélène
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28B20, 34A60, 34G20, 46N20, 49Q22

description: In this article, we extend the foundations of the theory of differential inclusions in the space of compactly supported probability measures, introduced recently by the authors, to the setting of general Wasserstein spaces. In this context, we prove a novel existence result à la Peano for this class of dynamics under mere Carathéodory regularity assumptions. The latter is based on a natural, yet previously unexplored set-valued adaptation of the semi-discrete Euler scheme proposed by Filippov to study ordinary differential equations whose right-hand sides are measurable in the time variable. By leveraging some of the underlying methods along with new estimates for solutions of continuity equations, we also bring substantial improvements to the earlier versions of the Filippov estimates, compactness and relaxation properties of the solution sets of continuity inclusions, which are derived in the Cauchy-Lipschitz framework.
description: 40 pages
Lernen durch Engagement à l’Atert-Lycée Réiden : Ouvrir l’école et favoriser l’engagement social en classe
Creators: name: Worré, Manou
Publisher: name: Universität Trier
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atert-Lycée Redange
valueUri: http://d-nb.info/gnd/1254043179
subject: Sozialkundeunterricht
valueUri: http://d-nb.info/gnd/4055852-6
subject: Soziales Engagement
valueUri: http://d-nb.info/gnd/4137303-0

description: Depuis quelques années, des projets sont menés à l’Atert Lycée Réiden selon la méthode Lernen durch Engagement (LdE). La communauté scolaire et son environnement social profitent de cette ouverture de l’école et de l’enseignement ainsi que de la promotion de l’engagement social dans la classe.
Rethinking Latency-Aware DNN Design With GPU Tail Effect Analysis
Creators: name: Yu, Fuxun
name: Xu, Zirui
name: Shangguan, Longfei
name: Wang, Di
name: Stamoulis, Dimitrios
name: Madhok, Rishi
name: Karianakis, Nikolaos
name: Li, Ang
name: Liu, ChenChen
name: Chen, Yiran
name: Chen, Xiang
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2024
Subjects: Artificial neural networks
Computational modeling
Graphics processing units
Hardware
Optimization
Runtime
Tail

description: As the size of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) continues to grow, their runtime latency also scales. While model pruning and Neural Architecture Search (NAS) can effectively reduce the computation workload, their effectiveness fails to consistently translate into runtime latency reduction. In this paper, we identify the root cause behind the mismatch between workload reduction and latency reduction is GPU tail effect – a classic system issue caused by resource under-utilization in the last processing wave of the GPU. We conduct detailed DNN workload characterization and demonstrate the prevalence of GPU tail effect across different DNN architectures, and meanwhile reveal that the unique deep structure and the light-weight layer workload of DNNs exacerbate the tail effect for DNN inference. We then propose a tail-awareness design space enhancement and DNN optimization algorithm to optimize existing NAS and pruning designs and achieve better runtime latency and model accuracy performance. Extensive experiments show 11%-27% latency reduction over SOTA DNN pruning and NAS methods.