cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Capítulo 5. Métodos de inspección, diagnóstico y detección. págs. 95-116 en: Enfermedades causadas por la bacteria Xylella fastidiosa
Creators: name: López, María M.
name: Landa, Blanca B.
name: Marco-Noales, Ester
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: La inspección y la toma de muestras son pasos clave del proceso completo

del diagnóstico. Una buena toma y un buen manejo de muestras puede influir

positivamente en el resultado de los análisis posteriores, y en el caso de

graves enfermedades, como las causadas por Xylella fastidiosa, la prevención

de nuevas introducciones mediante el diagnóstico sensible y específico de las

muestras es esencial.
Constraining Warm Dark Matter with high-$z$ supernova lensing
Creators: name: Pandolfi, Stefania
name: Evoli, Carmelo
name: Ferrara, Andrea
name: Villaescusa-Navarro, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method to constrain the warm dark matter (WDM) particle mass, $m_χ$, based on the counts of multiply imaged, distant supernovae (SN) produced by strong lensing by intervening cosmological matter fluctuations. The counts are very sensitive to the WDM particle mass, assumed here to be $m_χ=1, 1.5, 2$ keV. We use the analytic approach developed by Das & Ostriker to compute the probability density function of the cold dark matter (CDM) convergence ($κ$) on the lens plane; such method has been extensively tested against numerical simulations. We have extended this method generalizing it to the WDM case, after testing it against WDM $N$-body simulations. Using the observed cosmic star formation history we compute the probability for a distant SN to undergo a strong lensing event in different cosmologies. A minimum observing time of 2 yr (5 yr) is required for a future 100 square degrees survey reaching $z \approx 4$ ($z \approx 3$) to disentangle at 2$σ$ a WDM ($m_χ=1$ keV) model from the standard CDM scenario. Our method is not affected by any astrophysical uncertainty (such as baryonic physics effects), and, in principle, it does not require any particular dedicated survey strategy, as it may come as a byproduct of a future SN survey.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The Impact of Two Different Economic Systems on Dishonesty
Creators: name: Ariely, Dan
name: Garcia-Rada, Ximena
name: Gödker, Katrin
name: Hornuf, Lars
name: Mann, Heather
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Social behaviour; Cheating; Dishonesty; Artefactual field experiment
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: C93
subject: D63
subject: P52

description: Using an artefactual field experiment, this paper tests the long-term implications of living in a specific economic system on individual dishonesty. By comparing cheating behaviour across individuals from the former socialist East of Germany with those of the capitalist West of Germany, we examine behavioural differences within a single country. We find long-term implications of living in a specific economic system for individual dishonesty when social interactions are possible: participants with an East German background cheated significantly more on an abstract die-rolling task than those with a West German background, but only when exposed to the enduring system of former West Germany. Moreover, our results indicate that the longer individuals had experienced socialist East Germany, the more likely they were to cheat on the behavioural task.
Current chemotherapeutic options for the treatment of gestational trophoblastic disease
Creators: name: Braga, Antonio
name: Paiva, Gabriela
name: Cattai, Cassia Juliana
name: Elias, Kevin M.
name: Horowitz, Neil S.
name: Berkowitz, Ross S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) is a rare tumor that arises from trophoblastic tissues with high remission rates after chemotherapy treatment. GTN can develop from any gestational events, such as miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, and preterm/term pregnancy, but is more frequent after hydatidiform mole. The sensitivity of this tumor to chemotherapy and the presence of an exceptional tumor marker allow high remission rates, especially when patients are treated in referral centers. Observational, retrospective, prospective, systematic reviews, and meta-analysis studies focusing on GTN treatment. We searched PubMed, Medline, and the Library of Congress from January 1965 to May 2022. Early GTN diagnosis allows low-toxic and highly effective treatment. Even multimetastatic disease has high rates of remission with multiagent regimen chemotherapy. Surgery is reserved for uterine disease in patients who have completed childbearing, in cases of chemoresistance to multiagent regimens or in the rare cases of placental site trophoblastic tumor or epithelioid trophoblastic tumor. While resistance is managed by salvage chemotherapy, cases with limited clinical response to sequential regimens have been successfully treated with immunotherapy.
Transverse Single Spin Asymmetry in $e+p^\uparrow \to e+J/ψ+X $ and $Q^2$ -evolution of Sivers Function-II
Creators: name: Godbole, Rohini M.
name: Kaushik, Abhiram
name: Misra, Anuradha
name: Rawoot, Vaibhav S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present estimates of Single Spin Asymmetry(SSA) in the electroproduction of J/ψ taking into account the transverse momentum dependent(TMD) evolution of the Sivers function. We estimate SSA for JLab, HERMES, COMPASS and eRHIC energies using color evaporation model of J/ψ. We have calculated the asymmetry using recent parameters extracted by Echevarria et al. using the CSS approach to TMD evolution. These recent TMD evolution fits are based on the evolution kernel in which the perturbative part is resummed up to NLL accuracy. We have also estimated the asymmetry by using parameters which had been obtained by a fit by Anselmino et al., using both an exact numerical and an approximate analytical solution of the TMD evolution equations. We find that the variation among the different estimates obtained using TMD evolution is much smaller than between these on one hand and the estimates obtained using DGLAP evolution on the other. Even though the use of TMD evolution causes an overall reduction in asymmetries compared to the ones obtained without it, they remain sizable. Overall, upon use of TMD evolution, predictions for asymmetries stabilize.
description: 20 pages, 24 figures. v3: Discussion of results updated. Conclusions unchanged
Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis in comparison with observed helium and deuterium abundances - possibility of a non-standard model
Creators: name: Ichimasa, R.
name: Nakamura, R.
name: Hashimoto, M.
name: Arai, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Comparing the latest observed abundances of 4He and D, we make a ?2 analysis to see whether it is possible to reconcile primordial nucleosynthesis using up-to-date nuclear data of NACRE II and the mean-life of neutrons. If we adopt the observational data of ${}^4_{}$He by Izotov et al., we find that it is impossible to get reasonable concordance against the standard Big-Bang nucleosynthesis. However, including degenerate neutrinos, we have succeeded in obtaining consistent constraints between the neutrino degeneracy and the baryon-to-photon ratio from detailed comparison of calculated abundances with the observational data of ${}^4_{}$He and D: the baryon-to-photon ratio in units of $10^{-10}$ is found to be in the range 6.02 < $η^{}_{10}$ < 6:54 for the specified parameters of neutrino degeneracy.
description: 4 figures
Ω-deformation and quantization
Creators: name: Yagi, Junya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a deformation of Rozansky-Witten theory analogous to the $Ω$-deformation. It is applicable when the target space $X$ is hyperkähler and the spacetime is of the form $\mathbb{R} \times Σ$, with $Σ$ being a Riemann surface. In the case that $Σ$ is a disk, the $Ω$-deformed Rozansky-Witten theory quantizes a symplectic submanifold of $X$, thereby providing a new perspective on quantization. As applications, we elucidate two phenomena in four-dimensional gauge theory from this point of view. One is a correspondence between the $Ω$-deformation and quantization of integrable systems. The other concerns supersymmetric loop operators and quantization of the algebra of holomorphic functions on a hyperkähler manifold.
description: 24 pages. v2: minor changes, references added; v3: minor changes, a reference added, published version
Democratising large scale instrument-based science through e-Infrastructure
Creators: name: Abramson, David
name: Barkauskas, Deborah
name: Carroll, Jake
name: Condon, Nicholas
name: Modhiran, Naphak
name: Nguyen, Hoang
name: Springfield, James
name: Watterson, Daniel
name: Jin, Chao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: scientific instruments
e-infrastructure
microscopy

description: Modern scientific instruments are becoming essential for discoveries because they provide unprecedented insight into physical or biological events – often in real time. However, these instruments may generate large amounts of data, and increasingly they require sophisticated e-infrastructure for analysis, storage and archive. The increasing complexity and scale of the data, processing steps and systems has made it difficult for domain scientists to perform their research, narrowing the user base to a select few. In this paper, we present a framework that democratises large-scale instrument-based science, increasing the number of researchers who can engage. We discuss a prototype at the University of Queensland. The system is illustrated through two case studies, one involving light microscopy imaging of the innate immune system, and the other electron microscopy imaging of the SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins.
Constraining the origin of the rising cosmic ray positron fraction with the boron-to-carbon ratio
Creators: name: Cholis, Ilias
name: Hooper, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapid rise in the cosmic ray positron fraction above 10 GeV, as measured by PAMELA and AMS, suggests the existence of nearby primary sources of high energy positrons, such as pulsars or annihilating/decaying dark matter. In contrast, the spectrum of secondary positrons produced through the collisions of cosmic rays in the interstellar medium is predicted to fall rapidly with energy, and thus is unable to account for the observed rise. It has been proposed, however, that secondary positrons could be produced and then accelerated in nearby supernova remnants, potentially explaining the observed rise, without the need of primary positron sources. Yet, if secondary positrons are accelerated in such shocks, other secondary cosmic ray species (such as boron nuclei, and antiprotons) will also be accelerated, leading to rises in the boron-to-carbon and antiproton-to-proton ratios. The measurements of the boron-to-carbon ratio by the PAMELA and AMS collaborations, however, show no sign of such a rise. With this new data in hand, we revisit the secondary acceleration scenario for the rising positron fraction. Assuming that the same supernova remnants accelerate both light nuclei (protons, helium) and heavier cosmic ray species, we find that no more than ~25% of the observed rise in the positron fraction can result from this mechanism (at the 95% confidence level)
description: 9 pages, 5 figures; changes in v2: in agreement with PRD published version, small revisions in text, results and conclusions unchanged
Current control by resonance decoupling and magnetic focusing in soft-wall billiards
Creators: name: Morfonios, Christian
name: Schmelcher, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The isolation of energetically persistent scattering pathways from the resonant manifold of an open electron billiard in the deep quantum regime is demonstrated. This enables efficient conductance switching at varying temperature and Fermi velocity, using a weak magnetic field. The effect relies on the interplay between magnetic focusing and soft-wall confinement, which rescale the scattering pathways and decouple quasi-bound states from the attached leads, the field-free motion being forwardly collimated. The mechanism proves robust against billiard shape variations and qualifies as a nanoelectronic current control element.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
CPAP Weaning Success
Creators: name: Dahlen, Alex
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Translational Medical Research
subject: Medical Sciences
subject: Diagnosis
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment

description: This will be a retrospective observational study that relies on a chart review for NICU patients requiring CPAP. This analysis plan was finalized while data collection was still underway. Research Questions: 1. Can we come up with a score to predict successful CPAP discontinuation? (Primary 1) 2. Does adding the LUS improve the sensitivity/specificity of the CPAP discontinuation score? (Primary 2) 3. Does LUS score as determined in the room correlate with the expert-determined value? (Secondary) 4. Characterize the successful and failed weaning attempts (secondary)
Generalized Jack polynomials and the AGT relations for the $SU(3)$ group
Creators: name: Mironov, S.
name: Morozov, An.
name: Zenkevich, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find generalized Jack polynomials for the group $SU(3)$ and verify that their Selberg averages for several first levels are given by Nekrasov functions. To compute the averages we derive recurrence relations for the $sl_3$ Selberg integrals.
description: 6 pages, refs added, typos corrected, published version
Holographic inflation and the conservation of $ζ$
Creators: name: Garriga, Jaume
name: Urakawa, Yuko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a holographic description of inflation, cosmological time evolution in the bulk is expected to correspond to the renomalization group (RG) flow in a dual boundary theory. Here, we analyze this expectation by computing the correlation functions of the curvature perturbation $ζ$ holographically. For this purpose, we use a deformed conformal field theory at the boundary, with a single deformation operator. In standard single field models of inflation, $ζ$ is known to be conserved at large scales under very general conditions. However, we find that this is not generically the case in the dual description. The requirement that higher correlators of $ζ$ should be conserved severely restricts the possibilities for the RG flow. With such restriction, the power spectrum $P_ζ$ must follow an exact power law, at least within the regime of validity of conformal perturbation theory.
description: 27 pages, 1 figure; v2: version to appear in JHEP
Efficiency of saturated vertical-flow filters planted with Panicum maximum reeds for passive wastewater treatment
Creators: name: Kpannieu, Dan Eude
name: Mallet, Martine
name: André, Erwan
name: Coulibaly, Lacina
name: Ruby, Christian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: A vertical-flow unit containing four filters filled with shale was used to study the removal of phosphorous, nitrogen and organic matter of an urban residual wastewater during a period of 90 days. The influence of both the shale granulometry and the plant density of Panicum Maximum were studied. The decrease of the shale granulometry led to a significant improvement of all the measured parameters, while the presence of plants did only influence the phosphate retention with a lower extent. By comparing the results to previous studies, we hypothesised that the effect of the root system of Panicum maximum would be different depending on the size and the depth of the reactors. For practical application, adjusting the material granulometry was proposed to be the most important parameter for improving the filtration efficiency. Concomitantly, adjusting the plant density helps to control the clogging percentage of the filters.
Subspace based Anomaly Detection Framework for Point Clouds
Creators: name: Zyl, Johnahan van
name: Du, Hung
name: Thudumu, Srikanth
name: Logothetis, Irini
name: Barnett, Scott
name: Vasa, Rajesh
name: Mouzakis, Kon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: paper-presentation

description: In many real-world applications such as the inspection of powerlines, the automated detection of anomalies can minimise damage and reduce costs that result from the presence of unknown anomalies. Technologies such as LiDAR scans obtained from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are becoming prominent due to the data depth they provide. In the context of powerline transmission, investigators must search for anomalous elements such as line defects or obstructions. Such occurrences are not always apparent and require extensive analysis of data, which encompasses vast areas of wilderness, in order to detect them. Automating this process can reduce labour costs and save time. Hence, we propose a methodology to define what constitutes an anomaly within mapped real-world scenes, and a technique to address different types of anomalies. The notion of unknowns and knowns composed of unknown to both human and machine, known to human and unknown to machine, unknown to human and known to machine, and known to both human and machine is considered to develop a novel framework that detects anomalous patterns. For the purpose of evaluation, we introduce synthetic anomalous data points through our data augmentation methods. Our framework achieved 63.78% accuracy in detecting the points known to the machine and unknown to the machine from the Sensat Urban validation scene. Within the scene, 78.22% of the incorrectly classified data were detected as unknown to the machine. Furthermore, our framework achieved 84.34% accuracy in detecting the synthetic data and 35.5% accuracy in detecting those data as anomalies.
Anguix: Cell Signaling Modeling Improvement Through Sabio-RK Association to Reactome
Creators: name: Montoni, Fabio
name: De Sousa, Ronaldo N.
name: De Lima Junior, Marcelo B.
name: Campos, Cristiano G.S.
name: Constantino, Vivian M.
name: Wang, Willian
name: Cássia S. Sanctos
name: Armelin, Hugo A.
name: Reis, Marcelo S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Graph Database
Kinetic Data
Reactome
Sabio-RK
Python
poster-presentation
paper-presentation

description: Kinetics of biochemical reactions are widely spread in scientific papers and repositories such as Sabio-RK. This
 information is extremely important for the study of cell signaling pathways; however, to the best of our knowledge, there is no method available to integrate pathways reactions topology data with kinetic data. Therefore, we propose here an integration of kinetic data stored in Sabio-RK to the Reactome graph database. That integration, called Anguix, can be deployed using a Python program and also can be easily accessed using Neo4J. We believe the Anguix graph database might contribute to the modeling of cell signaling pathways, by combining the completeness of Reactome with kinetic and quantitative data stored in Sabio-RK.
description: Access to our GitHub: https://github.com/anthraxodus/Anguix-command-line
Zeeman Splitting and Inverted Polarization of Biexciton Emission in Monolayer WS2
Creators: name: Nagler, Philipp
name: Ballottin, Mariana V.
name: Mitioglu, Anatolie A.
name: Durnev, Mikhail V.
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Chernikov, Alexey
name: Schüller, Christian
name: Glazov, Mikhail M.
name: Christianen, Peter C. M.
name: Korn, Tobias
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Atomically thin semiconductors provide an ideal testbed to investigate the physics of Coulomb-bound many-body states. We shed light on the intricate structure of such complexes by studying the magnetic-field-induced splitting of biexcitons in monolayer WS2 using polarization-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy in out-of-plane magnetic fields up to 30 T. The observed g factor of the biexciton amounts to about −3.9, closely matching the g factor of the neutral exciton. The biexciton emission shows an inverted circular field-induced polarization upon linearly polarized excitation; i.e., it exhibits preferential emission from the high-energy peak in a magnetic field. This phenomenon is explained by taking into account the hybrid configuration of the biexciton constituents in momentum space and their respective energetic behavior in magnetic fields. Our findings reveal the critical role of dark excitons in the composition of this many-body state.
Subdiffusion--reaction process with $A\longrightarrow B$ reactions versus subdiffusion--reaction process with $A+B\longrightarrow B$ reactions
Creators: name: Kosztolowicz, Tadeusz
name: Lewandowska, Katarzyna D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the subdiffusion-reaction process with reactions of a type A+B\arrow B (in which particles A are assumed to be mobile whereas B - static) in comparison to the subdiffusion-reaction process with A\rightarrow B reactions which was studied by I.M. Sokolov et al. in Phys. Rev. E 73, 031102 (2006). In both processes a rule that reactions can only occur between particles which continue to exist is taken into account. Although in both processes a probability of the vanishing of particle A due to a reaction is independent of both time and space variables (assuming that in the system with the A+B\arrow B reactions, particles B are distributed homogeneously) we show that subdiffusion-reaction equations describing these processes as well as their Greens' functions are qualitatively different. For the subdiffusion process with the A+B\arrow B reactions we consider three models. We base the method considered in this paper on a random walk model in a system with both discrete time and space variables. Then, the system with discrete variables is transformed into a system with continuous variables. Such a method seems to be convenient in analysing subdiffusion-reaction processes with partially absorbing or partially reflecting walls. The reason is that within this method we can determine Greens' functions without a necessity of solving a fractional differential subdiffusion-reaction equation with boundary conditions at the walls. As an example we use the model to find the Greens' functions for a subdiffusive-reaction system (with the reactions mentioned above), which is bounded by a partially absorbing wall. This example shows how the model can be used to analyze the subdiffusion-reaction process in a system with partially absorbing or reflecting thin membranes. Employing a simple phenomenological model, we derive equations related to the reaction parameters used in the considered models.
A Bayesian Characterization of Relative Entropy
Creators: name: Baez, John C.
name: Fritz, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 94A17, Secondary 62F15, 18B99

description: We give a new characterization of relative entropy, also known as the Kullback-Leibler divergence. We use a number of interesting categories related to probability theory. In particular, we consider a category FinStat where an object is a finite set equipped with a probability distribution, while a morphism is a measure-preserving function $f: X \to Y$ together with a stochastic right inverse $s: Y \to X$. The function $f$ can be thought of as a measurement process, while s provides a hypothesis about the state of the measured system given the result of a measurement. Given this data we can define the entropy of the probability distribution on $X$ relative to the "prior" given by pushing the probability distribution on $Y$ forwards along $s$. We say that $s$ is "optimal" if these distributions agree. We show that any convex linear, lower semicontinuous functor from FinStat to the additive monoid $[0,\infty]$ which vanishes when $s$ is optimal must be a scalar multiple of this relative entropy. Our proof is independent of all earlier characterizations, but inspired by the work of Petz.
description: 32 pages, minor revision
Characterizing the Velocity Fields in Massive Stars
Creators: name: Chatzopoulos, Emmanouil
name: Graziani, Carlo
name: Couch, Sean M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the mathematical formalism of vector spherical harmonics decomposition to convective stellar velocity fields from multi-dimensional hydrodynamics simulations, and show that the resulting power spectra furnish a robust and stable statistical description of stellar convective turbulence. Analysis of the power spectra help identify key physical parameters of the convective process such as the dominant scale of the turbulent motions that influence the structure of massive evolved pre-supernova stars. We introduce the numerical method that can be used to calculate vector spherical harmonics power spectra from 2D and 3D convective shell simulation data. Using this method we study the properties of oxygen shell burning and convection for a 15 Msun star simulated by the hydrodynamics code FLASH in 2D and 3D. We discuss the importance of realistic initial conditions to achieving successful core-collapse supernova explosions in multi-dimensional simulations. We show that the calculated power spectra can be used to generate realizations of the velocity fields of pre-supernova convective shells. We find that the slope of the solenoidal mode power spectrum remains mostly constant throughout the evolution of convection in the oxygen shell in both 2D and 3D simulations. We also find that the characteristic radial scales of the convective elements are smaller in 3D than in 2D while the angular scales are larger in 3D.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
title: Vorlesungen: Eine Veranstaltungsform von vorgestern?
Creators: name: Heid, Helmut
Publisher: name: Zentrum für Hochschul- und Wissenschaftsdidaktik, Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022

description: Vorlesungen haben als klassisches Format der Hochschullehre nach wie vor eine wichtige Funktion in den Studiengängen.
STUDY OF STRUCTURE-PROPERTY-PERFORMANCE OF THE POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS (PEMFCS)
Creators: name: Li, Chenzhao
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Electrochemistry
Chemical engineering design
Energy generation, conversion and storage (excl. chemical and electrical)

description: With the surge of interest in the electrification of transportation driven by global climate change, the need for powertrains using non-carbon energy sources has become more urgent than ever. The fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) using polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have many advantages over the internal combustion engine (ICE) and other renewable energy vehicles such as high efficiency, zero-emission, fast fueling, unique power, and energy scalability (without heavy penalty from the increased mass). After three decades of intensive development, there are only several thousand FCEVs on the road, in contrast to the millions of battery electric vehicles (BEV) in use today. The biggest challenge of the widespread implantation of the PEMFCs is the cost, primarily due to the use of platinum catalysts. The high intrinsic catalyst activity exhibited using a rotating disc electrode (RDE) is rarely realized in the membrane electrode assembly (MEA), which is the core of PEMFC, due to the difference on the electrolyte(ionomer)/catalyst interfaces. Much of my Ph. D research effort is concentrated on how to reduce the Pt usage and improve the stability of catalyst to reduce the operation cost of fuel cells. Several approaches were practiced improving the performance of MEA in a fuel cell, such as optimizing the ink formulation and MEA fabrication method, enhancing proton conductivity of carbon support for catalysts, engineering the ionomer and catalyst interface via surface functionalization. Such studies unraveled the relationship between property, structure, and performance of MEA, and significantly improved the performance of MEA. Further, to reduce the cost of fuel cell operation, approaches that is to improve the stability of catalysts either in reducing Oswald ripening or limiting surface migration were practiced on developing novel catalysts. Such as doping anion into Pt and Ni alloy crystal structure, introducing PANI on catalyst surface. These approaches significantly improve the stability of catalyst and MEA. Finally, same as platinum group metal (PGM) catalysts, PGM-free catalysts as well as their MEAs were studied. A novel method of PGM-free MEA fabrication was developed which significantly reduced the thickness of catalyst layer, thus greatly reduced the mass transfer resistance. Also, a highly stable and active PGM-free catalyst was developed and can be considered as a strong competitor to replace the traditional PGM catalysts in MEA.
On the Abundance of Circumbinary Planets
Creators: name: Armstrong, D. J.
name: Osborn, H.
name: Brown, D.
name: Faedi, F.
name: Chew, Y. Gómez Maqueo
name: Martin, D.
name: Pollacco, D.
name: Udry, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here the first observationally based determination of the rate of occurrence of circumbinary planets. This is derived from the publicly available Kepler data, using an automated search algorithm and debiasing process to produce occurrence rates implied by the seven systems already known. These rates depend critically on the planetary inclination distribution: if circumbinary planets are preferentially coplanar with their host binaries, as has been suggested, then the rate of occurrence of planets with $R_p>6R_\oplus$ orbiting with $P_p<300$\ d is $10.0 ^{+18}_{-6.5}$\% (95\% confidence limits), higher than but consistent with single star rates. If on the other hand the underlying planetary inclination distribution is isotropic, then this occurrence rate rises dramatically, to give a lower limit of 47\%. This implies that formation and subsequent dynamical evolution in circumbinary disks must either lead to largely coplanar planets, or proceed with significantly greater ease than in circumstellar disks. As a result of this investigation we also show that giant planets (${>}10R_\oplus$) are significantly less common in circumbinary orbits than their smaller siblings, and confirm that the proposed shortfall of circumbinary planets orbiting the shorter period binaries in the Kepler sample is a real effect.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS (1st August 2014). 12 pages. Update to match final version, including clarifications and new figures. Results are unchanged
Classification of finite-multiplicity symmetric pairs
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Toshiyuki
name: Matsuki, Toshihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 22E46, Secondary 14M15, 53C35

description: We give a complete classification of the reductive symmetric pairs (G,H) for which the homogeneous space $(G \times H)/diag(H)$ is real spherical in the sense that a minimal parabolic subgroup has an open orbit. Combining with a criterion established in [T. Kobayashi--T. Oshima, Adv. Math. 2013], we give a necessary and sufficient condition for a reductive symmetric pair $(G,H)$ such that the multiplicities for the branching law of the restriction any admissible smooth representation of $G$ to $H$ have finiteness/boundedness property.
description: To appear in Transformation Groups 19 (2014)
Capítulo 7. Métodos de control. págs. 135-146 en: Enfermedades causadas por la bacteria Xylella fastidiosa
Creators: name: Cortés, Juan A. Navas
name: Borrego, Miguel Montes
name: Landa, Blanca B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Las principales estrategias para el control de enfermedades de plantas

conciernen a: (i) la eliminación del patógeno (exclusión y erradicación); (ii) el

escape a la infección; (iii) el desarrollo de resistencia genética del huésped al

patógeno; y (iv) la protección de la planta contra la infección (terapia). Una

vez que X. fastidiosa se ha establecido en un área su control es muy difícil o

imposible. Por tanto, todos los esfuerzos deben ir dirigidos a la prevención

de su introducción en nuevas áreas. En este capítulo se presentan los principios

de control aplicables para el manejo de las enfermedades causadas por X.

fastidiosa de acuerdo a las estrategias mencionadas de forma resumida
Pattern formation during the oscillatory photoelectrodissolution of n-type silicon: Turbulence, clusters and chimeras
Creators: name: Schoenleber, Konrad
name: Zensen, Carla
name: Heinrich, Andreas
name: Krischer, Katharina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report and classify the rich variety of patterns forming spontaneously in the oxide layer during the oscillatory photoelectrodissolution of n-type doped silicon electrodes under limited illumination. Remarkably, these patterns are often comprised of several dynamical states coexisting on the electrode, such as subharmonic phase clusters and spatio-temporal chaos, and include so-called 'chimera states'. The experiments suggest that the subharmonic phase clusters emerge from a period doubling bifurcation which, upon further parameter changes, evolve into classical phase clusters. Experimentally the occurrence of the patterns is controlled via two coupling mechanisms: A linear global coupling by an external resistor and a nonlinear coupling imposed on the system by the limitation of the illumination.
title: Investigating microRNA-mediated glial cell contributions in the pathophysiology of MS and its animal models
Creators: name: Galloway, Dylan A.
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2022

description: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disease characterized by the immune-mediated destruction of myelin within the central nervous system (CNS). During the course of MS, diverse cell populations including microglia, monocyte-derived macrophages and astrocytes contribute towards neuroinflammation and demyelination; however, these cells can also facilitate remyelination and brain repair. Consequently, defining the molecular mechanisms that balance inflammation and regeneration within the CNS is essential for understanding the pathophysiology of MS and investigating novel disease-modifying therapies. microRNAs (miRNAs) are small RNA molecules that posttranscriptionally regulate gene expression and are of significant interest in many diseases since they can repress several functionally related genes and robustly alter cell phenotype and function. The overall goal of this thesis was to investigate miRNAs that control glial cell activation and myelin repair in MS and its animal models. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a commonly prescribed MS disease-modifying therapy. While studying the effects DMF on human astrocytes, it was observed that this molecule, and not its metabolite, suppressed pro-inflammatory astrocyte activation and miRNA expression. In MS patient monocytes, miR-223-3p was identified as a differentially regulated miRNA that is essential for pro-regenerative myeloid cell phenotypes. Specifically, miR-223-3p promoted anti-inflammatory polarization and myelin phagocytosis by macrophages and microglia, and miR-223-3p deficiency impaired myelin debris clearance and remyelination following experimental demyelination in vivo. Gene expression profiling of demyelinated lesions revealed that genes associated with the inflammasome, a complex that induces pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and cell death, were highly upregulated in acutely demyelinated lesions and subsided during remyelination. In MS lesions and experimental demyelination, it was confirmed that the NLRP3 inflammasome was highly expressed in macrophages and microglia. NLRP3 was identified as a miR-223-3p target gene, and both miR-223-3p and a small-molecule NLRP3 inhibitor suppressed inflammasome activation in vitro. In vivo, NLRP3 inhibition reduced axonal injury following demyelination. Overall, this thesis has established a role for miRNAs as regulators of glial cell responses and are functionally relevant during CNS repair following demyelination. Moving forward, modifying the expression of miRNAs, such as miR-223-3p, may represent a novel therapeutic approach in the treatment of MS and other inflammatorymediated demyelinating conditions.
Quantum transport of disordered Weyl semimetals at the nodal point
Creators: name: Sbierski, Björn
name: Pohl, Gregor
name: Bergholtz, Emil J.
name: Brouwer, Piet W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weyl semimetals are paradigmatic topological gapless phases in three dimensions. We here address the effect of disorder on charge transport in Weyl semimetals. For a single Weyl node with energy at the degeneracy point and without interactions, theory predicts the existence of a critical disorder strength beyond which the density of states takes on a nonzero value. Predictions for the conductivity are divergent, however. In this work, we present a numerical study of transport properties for a disordered Weyl cone at zero energy. For weak disorder our results are consistent with a renormalization group flow towards an attractive pseudoballistic fixed point with zero conductivity and a scale-independent conductance; for stronger disorder diffusive behavior is reached. We identify the Fano factor as a signature that discriminates between these two regimes.
Base Correlation Test
Creators: name: Lee, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Base Correlation Test

description: The mapping methodology, named scaling, has been extended so that a scaling factor can be adjusted. The bespoke base correlations are also calibrated to the base correlations with different indexes and different maturities, when the composition and maturities of the bespoke trade differ from those indexes.
description: https://finpricing.com/lib/FiZeroBond.html
Data series subtraction with unknown and unmodeled background noise
Creators: name: Vitale, Stefano
name: Congedo, Giuseppe
name: Dolesi, Rita
name: Ferroni, Valerio
name: Hueller, Mauro
name: Vetrugno, Daniele
name: Weber, William Joseph
name: Audley, Heather
name: Danzmann, Karsten
name: Diepholz, Ingo
name: Hewitson, Martin
name: Korsakova, Natalia
name: Ferraioli, Luigi
name: Gibert, Ferran
name: Karnesis, Nikolaos
name: Nofrarias, Miquel
name: Inchauspe, Henri
name: Plagnol, Eric
name: Jennrich, Oliver
name: McNamara, Paul W.
name: Armano, Michele
name: Thorpe, James Ira
name: Wass, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LISA Pathfinder (LPF), ESA's precursor mission to a gravitational wave observatory, will measure the degree to which two test-masses can be put into free-fall, aiming to demonstrate a residual relative acceleration with a power spectral density (PSD) below 30 fm/s$^2$/Hz$^{1/2}$ around 1 mHz. In LPF data analysis, the measured relative acceleration data series must be fit to other various measured time series data. This fitting is required in different experiments, from system identification of the test mass and satellite dynamics to the subtraction of noise contributions from measured known disturbances. In all cases, the background noise, described by the PSD of the fit residuals, is expected to be coloured, requiring that we perform such fits in the frequency domain. This PSD is unknown {\it a priori}, and a high accuracy estimate of this residual acceleration noise is an essential output of our analysis. In this paper we present a fitting method based on Bayesian parameter estimation with an unknown frequency-dependent background noise. The method uses noise marginalisation in connection with averaged Welch's periodograms to achieve unbiased parameter estimation, together with a consistent, non-parametric estimate of the residual PSD. Additionally, we find that the method is equivalent to some implementations of iteratively re-weighted least-squares fitting. We have tested the method both on simulated data of known PSD, and to analyze differential acceleration from several experiments with the LISA Pathfinder end-to-end mission simulator.
description: To appear Phys. Rev. D90 August 2014
D-Dbar Mixing in the Standard Model and Beyond from Nf=2 Twisted Mass QCD
Creators: name: Carrasco, N.
name: Ciuchini, M.
name: Dimopoulos, P.
name: Frezzotti, R.
name: Gimenez, V.
name: Lubicz, V.
name: Rossi, G. C.
name: Sanfilippo, F.
name: Silvestrini, L.
name: Simula, S.
name: Tarantino, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first unquenched lattice QCD results for the bag parameters controlling the short distance contribution to D meson oscillations in the Standard Model and beyond. We have used the gauge configurations produced by the European Twisted Mass Collaboration with Nf = 2 dynamical quarks, at four lattice spacings and light meson masses in the range 280-500 MeV. Renormalization is carried out non-perturbatively with the RI-MOM method. The bag-parameter results have been used to constrain New Physics effects in D-Dbar mixing, to put a lower bound to the generic New Physics scale and to constrain off-diagonal squark mass terms for TeV-scale Supersymmetry.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, 10 tables, updated to match the version accepted for publication in Physical Review D. This article draws form arXiv:1308.1851 which is on B-Bbar mixing instead of D-Dbar mixing
A dynamo model of magnetic activity in solar-like stars with different rotational velocities
Creators: name: Karak, Bidya Binay
name: Kitchatinov, Leonid L.
name: Choudhuri, Arnab Rai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We attempt to provide a quantitative theoretical explanation for the observations that Ca II H/K emission and X-ray emission from solar-like stars increase with decreasing Rossby number (i.e., with faster rotation). Assuming that these emissions are caused by magnetic cycles similar to the sunspot cycle, we construct flux transport dynamo models of $1M_{\odot}$ stars rotating with different rotation periods. We first compute the differential rotation and the meridional circulation inside these stars from a mean-field hydrodynamics model. Then these are substituted in our dynamo code to produce periodic solutions. We find that the dimensionless amplitude $f_m$ of the toroidal flux through the star increases with decreasing rotation period. The observational data can be matched if we assume the emissions to go as the power 3-4 of $f_m$. Assuming that the Babcock-Leighton mechanism saturates with increasing rotation, we can provide an explanation for the observed saturation of emission at low Rossby numbers. The main failure of our model is that it predicts an increase of magnetic cycle period with increasing rotation rate, which is the opposite of what is found observationally. Much of our calculations are based on the assumption that the magnetic buoyancy makes the magnetic flux tubes to rise radially from the bottom of the convection zone. On taking account of the fact that the Coriolis force diverts the magnetic flux tubes to rise parallel to the rotation axis in rapidly rotating stars, the results do not change qualitatively.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ