cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Rotational Excitation Temperature of the $λ$6614 Diffuse Interstellar Band Carrier
Creators: name: Cami, J.
name: Salama, F.
name: Jiménez-Vicente, J.
name: Galazutdinov, G. A.
name: Krelowski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analysis of high spectral resolution observations of the $λ$6614 diffuse interstellar band (DIB) line profile show systematic variations in the positions of the peaks in the substructure of the profile. These variations -- shown here for the first time -- can be understood most naturally in the framework of rotational contours of large molecules, where the variations are caused by changes in the rotational excitation temperature. We show that the rotational excitation temperature for the DIB carrier is likely significantly lower than the gas kinetic temperature -- indicating that for this particular DIB carrier angular momentum buildup is not very efficient.
description: Accepted by ApJ Letters; 16 pages, 2 figures
Effect of draught use of cows on fertility, milk production and consumption
Creators: name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: draught cow
subject: draught cattle
subject: fertility
subject: milk production
subject: consumption
subject: Bangladesh

description: Incidence of draught use of cows is high in Bangladesh due to shortage of male cattle. The consequences of this on fertility and milk production of cows and consumption of milk by farming households are shown empirically on the basis of a large survey in Bangladesh.
Method for Solving the Many-Body Bound State Nuclear Problem
Creators: name: de la Ripelle, M. Fabre
name: Sofianos, S. A.
name: Adam, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method based on hyperspherical harmonics to solve the nuclear many-body problem. It is an extension of accurate methods used for studying few-body systems to many bodies and is based on the assumption that nucleons in nuclei interact mainly via pairwise forces.This leads to a two-variable integro-differential equation which is easy to solve. Unlike methods that utilize effective interactions, the present one employs directly nucleon-nucleon potentials and therefore nuclear correlations are included in an unambiguous way. Three body forces can also be included in the formalism. Details on how to obtain the various ingredients entering into the equation for the A-body system are given. Employing our formalism we calculated the binding energies for closed and open shell nuclei with central forces where the bound states are defined by a single hyperspherical harmonic. The results found are in agreement with those obtained by other methods.
description: 72 pages
Measuring sources of crop output growth in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: crop output
subject: growth
subject: Bangladesh

description: A decomposition model has been used to measure sources of individual and aggregate crop output growth between 1967-70 and 1981-84. Growth in output has been attributed to changes in area, yield and area-yield interaction and the area effect has been further attributed to changes in net area, cropping intensity, cropping pattern and their interactions. Results show that over 50 percent of increased output has come from increased yield and about 33% from increased area. The area-effect has resulted almost entirely from increased cropping intensity. Substitution of high value crops for low value crops has made some positive contribution but that has been balanced by the effect of decrease in net crop area. In the future, productivity growth through increased irrigation and complementary input use should assume greater importance because net crop area will continue to decline and cropping intensity may soon level off.
Is Fornax 4 the nuclear star cluster of the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy?
Creators: name: Martocchia, S.
name: Dalessandro, E.
name: Salaris, M.
name: Larsen, S.
name: Rejkuba, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fornax 4 is the most distinctive globular cluster in the Fornax dwarf spheroidal. Located close to the centre of the galaxy, more metal-rich and potentially younger than its four companions (namely, Fornax clusters number 1, 2, 3 and 5), it has been suggested to have experienced a different formation than the other clusters in the galaxy. Here we use HST/WFC3 photometry to characterize the stellar population content of this system and shed new light on its nature. By means of a detailed comparison of synthetic horizontal branch and red giant branch with the observed colour-magnitude diagrams, we find that this system likely hosts stellar sub-populations characterized by a significant iron spread up to $Δ$[Fe/H]$\sim$0.4 dex and possibly by also some degree of He abundance variations $Δ$Y$\sim0.03$. We argue that this purely observational evidence, combined with the other peculiarities characterizing this system, supports the possibility that Fornax 4 is the nuclear star cluster of the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy. A spectroscopic follow-up for a large number of resolved member stars is needed to confirm this interesting result and to study in detail the formation and early evolution of this system and more in general the process of galaxy nucleation.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 12 pages, 11 figures
Single-spin asymmetries: the Trento conventions
Creators: name: Bacchetta, Alessandro
name: D'Alesio, Umberto
name: Diehl, Markus
name: Miller, C. Andy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the workshop "Transversity: New Developments in Nucleon Spin Structure" (ECT*, Trento, Italy, 14-18 June 2004), a series of recommendations was put forward by the participants concerning definitions and notations for describing effects of intrinsic transverse momentum of partons in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure. Outcome of discussions at the workshop "Transversity: New Developments in Nucleon Spin Structure" (ECT*, Trento, Italy, 14-18 June 2004). Footnote 2 added
The status and potential of livestock within the context of agricultural development policy in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
name: Green, D A G
name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
name: Green, D A G
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: livestock
subject: agriculture
subject: draft power
subject: mechanization
subject: breeding
subject: genetics
subject: feeds
subject: draft cows
subject: fertility
subject: mil productivity
subject: Bangladesh

description: Based on secondary data and field surveys, analyses the economic roles of the livestock sectors, technological and policy constraints for livestock development and policy options for the future development.
Los aranceles, la política de comercio exterior y la estabilidad de la agricultura española (1870-1914)
Creators: name: Martinez, Domingo Gallego
name: Martinez, Domingo Gallego
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Politica comercial
subject: aranceles
subject: agricultura espanola
subject: trade policy
subject: customs duties
subject: Spanish Agriculture

description: En este trabajo se presentan una gama de estimaciones de la protección arancelaria media al sector agrario. Se desagrega la protección agraria en la otorgada a distintos grupos de productos procedentes del campo. Se integra la política aduanera en la de comercio exterior y, finalmente, se reflexiona sobre las consecuencias para el desarrollo económico de ésta última. En la imagen general que surge de este texto destaca la continuidad de la política aduanera entre 1870 y 1914, en concreto se destaca la persistencia de su carácter selectivo en favor de la agroindustria y del trigo. En este escenario se resalta el carácter coyuntural y excepcional de la fuerte y generalizada protección introducida por el arancel de 1891. En conjunto esta política aduanera no estuvo exenta de costes, pero también pudo favorecer la transformación del sector agrario: sin diluir los incentivos que inducían al cambio, dotó a las explotaciones de un contexto más estable que pudo facilitar su capacidad de respuesta. Pese a todo, los efectos de la política aduanera debieron ser moderados, alejados del protagonismo estelar que tradicionalmente se les ha atribuido...In this work we present a range of estimates of the average tariff protection of the agrarian sector. We divide the agrarian protection into that given to distinct groups of products that come from the countryside. We integrate customs duty policy with foreign trade policy and finally, we reflect on the consequences of the latter for economic development. In the general picture that emerges from this text, the continuity of the customs duty policy between 1870 and 1914 stands out, and specially the persistence of its selective character in fawour of agroindustry and wheat. Against this background, the sudden and exceptional nature of the strong and generalised protection introduced by the tariffs of 1891 is outstanding. This customs duty policy was not without its costs, but it also favoured the transformation of the agrarian sector: without diluting the incentives that induced change, it gave the farms a more stable context that increased their capacity for response. In spite of everything, the effects of the customs tariff policy must have been moderate, far from the leading role that has traditionally been attributed to them.
Development of a new self-report questionniare[sic] : the Ambulatory Self-Confidence Questionnaire (ASCQ)
Creators: name: Asano, Miho
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Ambulation is one of the most important aspects of mobility as a whole. Difficulty with ambulation is a common problem among older adults in North America. Accordingly, maintaining or regaining their ambulation, at home and in the community, is a major goal and a great concern for older adults in rehabilitation programs. For researchers and clinicians in rehabilitation sciences, major goals and challenges include developing and using sufficient and effective measurement tools. Measurement tools that assess ambulation are an essential form of clinical and research information. While tests of walking speed and endurance are considered the gold standard for assessing ambulation, self-report approaches have recently become more accepted because they offer information not obtainable from the performance walk test. For instance determining individuals' confidence can be critical as studies have shown that confidence in performing a skill can be predictive of successful performance. Therefore, we created the Ambulatory Self-Confidence Questionnaire (ASCQ) because there was no existing measurement tool that captured this information. The ASCQ contains 22 items using item is scored from 0 (not at all confident) to 10 (extremely confident). The test-takers are asked to report how confident they are in their ability to walk in different situations. The objectives of this study included assessment of: 1) content validity of the ASCQ by a panel of experts; and 2) reliability and construct validity of the ASCQ among older adults. The results of the study suggest that: 1) the ASCQ evolved based on the experts' responses and was successfully created with valuable feedbacks; 2) the ASCQ demonstrated excellent internal-consistency and test-retest reliability; and 3) the support for construct validity was evident for a sample of older adults.
Las ayudas agroambientales como instrumento único de intervención en sistemas productivos de alto valor medioambiental
Creators: name: Muniz, Ignacio Atance
name: Muniz, Ignacio Atance
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: PAC
subject: ayudas agroambientales
subject: multifuncionalidad
subject: Tierra de Campos
subject: CAP
subject: agri-environmental schemes
subject: multifunctionality

description: Tras la reforma de la PAC de 1992 y la aprobación del Reglamento 2078/92, gran parte de los sistemas agrarios que proveen externalidades ambientales positivas pasaron a ser intervenidos mediante un doble mecanismo: las medidas derivadas de las Organizaciones Comunes de Mercado y los propios programas agroambientales. La eficiencia de este sistema de intervención es evaluada en este trabajo y en especial su capacidad para responder a los objetivos derivados del carácter multifuncional de la agricultura. Para ello se comparan sus resultados con los alcanzados por el empleo exclusivo de ayudas agroambientales, utilizando un enfoque coste-eficacia que ha incluido criterios medioambientales y sociales, mediante una metodología en la que se combina un modelo de programación matemática con una encuesta directa a agricultores de la comarca de Tierra de Campos de Valladolid. Por último se han simulado también los efectos de un escenario de mercado libre como medida de la necesidad de intervención pública...Most systems providing positive environmental externalities were intervined after the Mac Sharry reform of the CAP in 1992 and the Regulation 2078/92 through a double mechanism: MCOs measures and agri-environmental schemes. This paper assesses the efficiency of this policy and especially its capacity to respond to those objectives derived from the multifunctional character of agriculture. Thus, results from current intervention are compared with results using agri-environmental schemes as the unique instrument of intervention, under a cost-efficiency analysis including environmental and social criteria. Methodology has combined a mathematical programming model and a survey to farmers in Tierra de Campos (Valladolid, Spain). Finally, effects of a free market scenario have been also simulated to evaluate the necessity of public intervention in this system.
Analisis del consumo de frutas y hortalizas en Espana: una aplicacion del sistema de demanda inversa
Creators: name: Gomex, Emilio
name: Garcia, Manuel
name: Gomex, Emilio
name: Garcia, Manuel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Demanda inversa
subject: consumo de frutas y hortalizas
subject: hortalizas frescas
subject: Inverse demand
subject: fruit and vegetable consumption fresh vegetables

description: El objeto de este trabajo es realizar un amplio estudio de la estructura de consumo en España de productos hortofrutícolas y particularmente de hortalizas frescas, considerados en general componentes esenciales de la alimentación mediterránea. A partir del tratamiento de las cantidades como variables predeterminadas, se realiza una aplicación del modelo de demanda inversa, en primer término para grupos de frutas y hortalizas (frescas y transformadas), y en segundo término, de forma más específica, para hortalizas frescas. Los datos de consumo, suministrados por el Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación, corresponden al período 1987-1999. Con las flexibilidades obtenidas se determinan los cambios en la evolución de la demanda para el período, así como las estructuras de sustitución y complementariedad en los grupos de productos considerados. Los resultados de las distintas estimaciones apuntan hacia una mayor apreciación por parte de los consumidores de los productos frescos, especialmente de hortalizas, en su dieta alimenticia...This paper aims to perform an analysis of the structure of fruit and vegetable consumption in Spain, specifically focusing on the consumption of fresh vegetables (essential components of the Mediterranean diet). Taking quantities as predetermined variables, the application of inverse demand model is carried out firstly for fruits and vegetables (fresh and processed) and secondly, for fresh vegetables. The study has considered data on the consumption provided by the Spanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fishing and Food for the period 1987- 1999. The estimations of flexibilities determine the changes in the evolution of the demand for said period, as well as the structures of substitution and complementarity in the groups of studied products. The results obtained point out that consumers tend to prefer consuming fresh products in their diets, especially vegetables.
Selection of Regional Leading Industry Based on Comparative Advantage——A Case of Xiqing District, Tianjin City, China
Creators: name: Qi, Tian-Zhen
name: Qi, Tian-Zhen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural advantage industry
subject: Leading industry
subject: Evaluation system
subject: China

description: Development status of agricultural industry in Xiqing District of Tianjin City in China is introduced. The intensive level of agriculture is relatively high in this region; the new-type agriculture develops rapidly; and the sales income of agricultural byproducts is the main source of household income. Based on the principles of market potential, production resources intensity, and associated promotion, a total of 3 indices for measuring the comparative advantage are selected, which are comparative advantage index, scale advantage index, and comprehensive advantage index. Based on the data analysis, competitive industries in this region are determined. Result shows that economic crops and aquaculture industry have relatively great location quotient, but aquaculture is not suitable for Xiqing District, due to its natural condition, industrial tradition and bases, and output value. Therefore, economic crop is selected as the leading industry in Xiqing District.
Rural Credit Unions of the United States
Creators: name: Woods, William F.
name: Woods, William F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1965
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpts from the report: Rural credit unions have made material contributions to the capital and credit needs of many rural communities and provided a systematic means of organized savings for some 258,000 members. This report describes the nature and extent of rural credit unions in the United States. Statistical data is based on information assembled for the Farmer Cooperative Service by CUNA International (formerly Credit Union National Association) and on earlier FCS studies. Data indicate that 670 rural credit unions were operating in the United States at the end of 1963. These credit unions provided services to members and employees of farmer cooperatives, members of farm organizations and rural churches, residents of rural communities, and other rural groups. Rural credit unions are, to a considerable extent, concentrated in the North Central States. However, 1 or more rural credit unions are located in all except 4 of the 50 States.
Recovering the city street lighting fraction from skyglow measurements in a large-scale municipal dimming experiment
Creators: name: Barentine, John C.
name: Kundracik, František
name: Kocifaj, Miroslav
name: Sanders, Jessie C.
name: Esquerdo, Gilbert A.
name: Dalton, Adam M.
name: Foott, Bettymaya
name: Grauer, Albert
name: Tucker, Scott
name: Kyba, Christopher C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anthropogenic skyglow dominates views of the natural night sky in most urban settings, and the associated emission of artificial light at night (ALAN) into the environment of cities involves a number of known and suspected negative externalities. One approach to lowering consumption of ALAN in cities is dimming or extinguishing publicly owned outdoor lighting during overnight hours; however, there are few reports in the literature about the efficacy of these programs. Here we report the results of one of the largest municipal lighting dimming experiments to date, involving $\sim$20,000 roadway luminaires owned and operated by the City of Tucson, Arizona, U.S. We analyzed both single-channel and spatially resolved ground-based measurements of broadband night sky radiance obtained during the tests, determining that the zenith sky brightness during the tests decreased by ($-5.4\pm0.9$)% near the city center and ($-3.6\pm0.9$)% at an adjacent suburban location on nights when the output of the street lighting system was dimmed from 90% of its full power draw to 30% after local midnight. Modeling these changes with a radiative transfer code yields results suggesting that street lights account for about ($14\pm1$)% of light emissions resulting in skyglow seen over the city. A separate derivation from first principles implies that street lighting contributes only 2-3% of light seen at the zenith over Tucson. We discuss this inconsistency and suggest routes for future work.
description: 44 pages, 9 figures; accepted by Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer
Putting-Out-the-Fire-of-Anti-Corruption-Demands.pdf
Creators: name: Pozsgai-Alvarez, Joseph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160699 Political Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Are national leaders really invested in curbing corruption in their countries? The present paper addresses the realpolitik basis of national anti-corruption measures by positing the persistence of a political cost-benefit analysis behind initiatives to curb public malfeasance, which leads to the adoption and implementation of mostly symbolic policies regardless of public discourse. The model is tested by reviewing in detail the adoption and political management of the Peruvian National Anti-Corruption Office between 2007 and 2008. The analysis confirms the theoretical expectations and provides ample evidence of the political instrumentalization of the anti-corruption agenda during the administration of President Alan García Pérez (2006-2011).
Gravitational Vacuum Condensate Stars
Creators: name: Mazur, Pawel O.
name: Mottola, Emil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new final state of gravitational collapse is proposed. By extending the concept of Bose-Einstein condensation to gravitational systems, a cold, dark, compact object with an interior de Sitter condensate $p_{_V} = -ρ_{_V}$ and an exterior Schwarzschild geometry of arbitrary total mass $M$ is constructed. These are separated by a shell with a small but finite proper thickness $\ell$ of fluid with equation of state $p=+ρ$, replacing both the Schwarzschild and de Sitter classical horizons. The new solution has no singularities, no event horizons, and a global time. Its entropy is maximized under small fluctuations and is given by the standard hydrodynamic entropy of the thin shell, which is of order $k_{_B}\ell Mc/\hbar$, instead of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy formula, $S_{_{BH}}= 4πk_{_B} G M^2/\hbar c$. Hence unlike black holes, the new solution is thermodynamically stable and has no information paradox.
description: 17 pages, LaTeX file
Revealing trends in extreme heatwave intensity: Applying the UNSEEN approach to Nordic countries - Supplementary Material
Creators: name: Berghald, Sebastian
name: Mayer, Stephanie
name: Bohlinger, Patrik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: 16/01/2024sberghaldsebastian.berghald@etu.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr

In this folder we gathered some additional material to our paper on UNSEEN applied to heatwaves in Northern Europe. You will find:

- Codes:    - Jupyter code used to compute region-averaged timeseries of both UNSEEN ensemble and reanalysis data. For downloading data from Copernicus CDS please refer to Timo Kelder's codes: https://unseen-open.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html    - R markdown file including all the statistical analysis of the timeseries obtained from the jupyter code.- Data:    - Gridded netCDF files of 3day running mean Tmax for both SEAS5 ensemble and MET Nordic LTC (based on NORA3 reanalysis). Archived SEAS5 seasonal forecast data are available at ECMWF MARS archive: https://apps.ecmwf.int/mars-catalogue/ . Description and availability of the MET Nordic long-term consistent product can be found at MET Norway's Github pages: https://github.com/metno/NWPdocs/wiki/MET-Nordic-dataset .    - Gridded MJJ 2m temperature, mean for each year (also SEAS5).    - Modified NUTS regions. Shapefiles of the NUTS dataset are available from Eurostat's webpages: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/gisco/geodata/reference-data/administrative-units-statistical-units- Figures:       The figures included in the paper as well as supplementary figures in high resolution.- Results:    - Notebooks for all regions containing the detailed analysis with all the 'usual' (from UNSEEN-open) UNSEEN plots, return period plots, probability calculations etc.    - An Excel-spreadsheet containing many of the resulting values. The maps were plotted on this basis.
ORIGINALITY CREATIVITY L.S. PETRUSHEVSKAYA
Creators: name: Nematjonova Nafisa Bohodirovna teacher at FSU Yusubova Yulduz 1st year student at FSU
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The article examines the features of the postmodern image of the family as a social institution, the lives of the heroes, and their worldview. Having analyzed the cultural level of characters in family relationships, their understanding of such values as family and love, the author comes to the conclusion that L. Petrushevskaya was trying to describe the crisis of the family. The characters, forced to be in the same space, are separated and lonely; each of them perceives love differently.

Key words: literature, family, love, life of heroes, family values, originality of the author’s work.
Production of superpositions of coherent states in traveling optical fields with inefficient photon detection
Creators: name: Jeong, H.
name: Lund, A. P.
name: Ralph, T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an all-optical scheme to generate superpositions of macroscopically distinguishable coherent states in traveling optical fields. It non-deterministically distills coherent state superpositions (CSSs) with large amplitudes out of CSSs with small amplitudes using inefficient photon detection. The small CSSs required to produce CSSs with larger amplitudes are extremely well approximated by squeezed single photons. We discuss some remarkable features of this scheme: it effectively purifies mixed initial states emitted from inefficient single photon sources and boosts negativity of Wigner functions of quantum states.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. A
Supplementary Information from Disease from leaves to landscapes: Viral hotspots are determined by spatial arrangement and phytochemistry of host plants in specialist caterpillars
Creators: name: Christensen, Tara
name: Smilanich, Angela M.
name: Carper, Adrian
name: Peechatt, Victoria
name: Bowers, Deane
name: Forister, Matthew
name: Teglas, Mike B
name: Hurtado, Paul
name: Dyer, Lee
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: This SI file contains additional methods information on the study species and data analysis. We also detail supplementary analyses that were performed, and present their results.
Understanding the rotational variability of K2 targets. HgMn star KIC 250152017 and blue horizontal branch star KIC 249660366
Creators: name: Krticka, J.
name: Kawka, A.
name: Mikulasek, Z.
name: Fossati, L.
name: Krtickova, I.
name: Prvak, M.
name: Janik, J.
name: Skarka, M.
name: Liptaj, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultraprecise space photometry enables us to reveal light variability even in stars that were previously deemed constant. A large group of such stars show variations that may be rotationally modulated. This type of light variability is of special interest because it provides precise estimates of rotational rates. We aim to understand the origin of the light variability of K2 targets that show signatures of rotational modulation. We used phase-resolved medium-resolution XSHOOTER spectroscopy to understand the light variability of the stars KIC~250152017 and KIC~249660366, which are possibly rotationally modulated. We determined the atmospheric parameters at individual phases and tested the presence of the rotational modulation in the spectra. KIC 250152017 is a HgMn star, whose light variability is caused by the inhomogeneous surface distribution of manganese and iron. It is only the second HgMn star whose light variability is well understood. KIC 249660366 is a He-weak, high-velocity horizontal branch star with overabundances of silicon and argon. The light variability of this star is likely caused by a reflection effect in this post-common envelope binary.
description: 8 pages, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
REFRACTIVE ERRORS IN SCHOOL CHILDREN AGED 5-15 YEARS IN PORT HARCOURT, NIGERIA
Creators: name: Duru, Christian
name: Ranmi Agagu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111399 Ophthalmology and Optometry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: ABSTRACT Globally, refractive error is considered to be the second leading cause of treatable blindness and the cause of visual impairment of which school children are no exception to this fact. This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of refractive error among school children 5-15 years in Port Harcourt City, River State. Subjects were selected by multistage cluster sampling, 1680 school children participated in this study from 6 schools in Obio-Akpor and 9 in Port-Harcourt City Local Government Areas respectively. Of these, 1,535 (91.4%) completed their examinations. 145 students were excluded because of poor cooperation and unwillingness to accept the cycloplegic dilation. After obtaining a written consent, participants had unaided and aided visual acuity tests and cycloplegic refraction at the school site. The visual acuity was measured by the intern ophthalmic using the LogMAR chart while students with subnormal vision were examined using pinhole, cover test, autorefractor and subjective refraction by the staff optometrists. Refractive errors were defined as myopia [spherical equivalent (SE) −0.50 diopter (D)], hyperopia (SE ≥ +1.00D), and astigmatism (cylinder error > 0.50D). The study cohort was comprised of 667 males (43.45%) and 868 females (56.55%) with a confidence interval (CI) of 93%. The prevalence of refractive error discovered in this study is 22.7%. Of these, myopia was diagnosed in 59 (3.8%) children followed by hyperopia in 113 (7.4%) and astigmatism in 177 (11.5%), while 1,186 (77.3%) were emmetropic. The data in this study was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The prevalence of refractive error was associated with gender, with the female sex having more refractive errors than their male counterpart. The difference in prevalence is statistically significant (p<0.001). The females are twice more likely to have refractive errors when compared with males which may due to genetic and environmental factors. In conclusion, refractive error among school children in Port Harcourt City is common and this needs to be assessed as an important health evaluation for timely treatment.
Weak states, Islam and terrorism : examining causal connections in Southeast Asia
Creators: name: Aiken, Ciaran Thomas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Since 9/11, terrorism has become one of the top strategic concerns for the international community. At present, this phenomenon is often attributed to two main factors. First are 'weak' states, whose internal conditions provide an opportune environment for the development and facilitation of terrorist groups. Second is Islam fundamentalism, a religious ideology seen as particularly vulnerable to extremism. It is further assumed that many local militant Islamist groups are part of a larger ideologically congruent network coordinated by Al-Qaeda; in other words, a 'second front' of international terrorism. While there is little doubt that weak states and Islam play some role in the path to terrorism, initial investigation reveals that the assumed bi-causal relationship between either of these factors and terrorism is poorly grounded. The 'weak' state remains conceptually vague, while evidence suggests that Islam in a political context cannot be automatically associated with religious extremism. Using a proposed conceptual framework, this thesis argues that political violence stems from grievance felt within a particular group. This grievance is a result of specific dimensions of weakness found within states. The move from 'standard' political violence to terrorism requires an ideological bridge: a 'higher' justification that permits the use of exceptionally violent or destructive acts as a means to an end. I apply this framework to Southeast Asia and in particular three cases where Islam and terrorism coincide: Aceh, Indonesia, the southern Philippines and southern Thailand. I ask: what are the causal connections between dimensions of weakness, Islam and terrorism in these cases? Is Southeast Asia a 'second front' of international terrorism? Examination of the cases reveals that terrorism is more clearly attributed to grievance felt by a particular Islamic community as a result of concentrated structural weaknesses within the regions they reside. Terrorism also appears less driven by religion than assumed. The motivation for local militant Islamist groups to use terrorist acts is derived predominantly from a need to preserve a particular ethnic identity that also happens to be Islamic. Finally, evidence reveals that these conflicts remain largely local in character, with little or no outside influence from international Islamic terrorist groups, weakening the theory that Southeast Asia is a 'second front' of international terrorism.
Evaluation System Construction of Rural Comprehensive Reform Effect in Anhui Province
Creators: name: Tan, Jiang-Lin
name: Wang, Juan-Juan
name: Jia, Liang
name: Tan, Jiang-Lin
name: Wang, Juan-Juan
name: Jia, Liang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Rural comprehensive reform， Idea and objective， Evaluation index， Anhui Province， China

description: In the perspective of rural comprehensive reform effect and evaluation standard in Anhui Province, according to the experience of relevant regions at home and abroad, we analyze the necessity, reform idea and objective of new round of rural comprehensive reform, in order to review the effect of main policies and measures in the process of reform and construct all-around index system of evaluating comprehensive reform effect scientifically. The results show that by constructing quantified index system including 6 first-level indices, 23 second-level indices and 106 third-level indices, we can not only test the effect of one item of reform (like rural compulsory education), but also conduct overall evaluation on effect of comprehensive reform.
Revealing trends in extreme heatwave intensity: Applying the UNSEEN approach to Nordic countries - Supplementary Material
Creators: name: Berghald, Sebastian
name: Mayer, Stephanie
name: Bohlinger, Patrik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In this folder we gathered some additional material to our paper on UNSEEN applied to heatwaves in Northern Europe. You will find:

- Codes:
    - Jupyter code used to compute region-averaged timeseries of both UNSEEN ensemble and reanalysis data. For downloading data from Copernicus CDS please refer to Timo Kelder's codes: https://unseen-open.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html
    - R markdown file including all the statistical analysis of the timeseries obtained from the jupyter code.
- Data:
    - Gridded netCDF files of 3day running mean Tmax for both SEAS5 ensemble and MET Nordic LTC (based on NORA3 reanalysis). Archived SEAS5 seasonal forecast data are available at ECMWF MARS archive: https://apps.ecmwf.int/mars-catalogue/ . Description and availability of the MET Nordic long-term consistent product can be found at MET Norway's Github pages: https://github.com/metno/NWPdocs/wiki/MET-Nordic-dataset .
    - Gridded MJJ 2m temperature, mean for each year (also SEAS5).
    - Modified NUTS regions. Shapefiles of the NUTS dataset are available from Eurostat's webpages: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/gisco/geodata/reference-data/administrative-units-statistical-units
- Figures:
      The figures included in the paper as well as supplementary figures in high resolution.
- Results:
    - Notebooks for all regions containing the detailed analysis with all the 'usual' (from UNSEEN-open) UNSEEN plots, return period plots, probability calculations etc.
    - An Excel-spreadsheet containing many of the resulting values. The maps were plotted on this basis.
Search for New Phenomena at Colliders
Creators: name: Nagy, Elemer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results on searches for new phenomena on the Tevatron and HERA colliders are reviewed.
description: Invited talk at the XXIV Physics in Collisions Conference (PIC04), Boston, USA, June 2004, 14 pages, LaTeX, 11 eps double figures. PSN TUET10
BMS field theory and holography in asymptotically flat space-times
Creators: name: Dappiaggi, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the holographic principle in the context of asymptotically flat space-times by means of the asymptotic symmetry group of this class of space-times, the so called Bondi-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) group. In particular we construct a (free) field theory living at future (or past) null infinity invariant under the action of the BMS group. Eventually we analyse the quantum aspects of this theory and we explore how to relate the correlation functions in the boundary and in the bulk.
description: 36 pages, updated introduction, conclusions and references; added a discussion on Schwartzschild background in section 6
Liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear matter including strangeness
Creators: name: Wang, P.
name: Leinweber, D. B.
name: Thomas, A. W.
name: Williams, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the chiral SU(3) quark mean field model to study the properties of strange hadronic matter at finite temperature. The liquid-gas phase transition is studied as a function of the strangeness fraction. The pressure of the system cannot remain constant during the phase transition, since there are two independent conserved charges (baryon and strangeness number). In a range of temperatures around 15 MeV (precise values depending on the model used) the equation of state exhibits multiple bifurcates. The difference in the strangeness fraction $f_s$ between the liquid and gas phases is small when they coexist. The critical temperature of strange matter turns out to be a non-trivial function of the strangeness fraction.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Line Structures in Recurrence Plots
Creators: name: Marwan, Norbert
name: Kurths, Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recurrence plots exhibit line structures which represent typical behaviour of the investigated system. The local slope of these line structures is connected with a specific transformation of the time scales of different segments of the phase-space trajectory. This provides us a better understanding of the structures occuring in recurrence plots. The relationship between the time-scales and line structures are of practical importance in cross recurrence plots. Using this relationship within cross recurrence plots, the time-scales of differently sampled or time-transformed measurements can be adjusted. An application to geophysical measurements illustrates the capability of this method for the adjustment of time-scales in different measurements.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Demographic and Ranging Information, Model Results Lemoine et al. Group dominance increases territory size and reduces neighbour pressure in wild chimpanzees
Creators: name: Lemoine, Sylvain
name: Boesch, Christophe
name: Preis, Anna
name: Samuni, Liran
name: Crockford, Catherine
name: Wittig, Roman M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Tables presenting demographic and ranging information; tables of models results and map of the territories for Lemoine et al.
Liquid-gas phase transition and Coulomb instability of asymmetric nuclear systems
Creators: name: Wang, P.
name: Leinweber, D. B.
name: Thomas, A. W.
name: Williams, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a chiral SU(3) quark mean field model to study the properties of nuclear systems at finite temperature. The liquid-gas phase transition of symmetric and asymmetric nuclear matter is discussed. For two formulations of the model the critical temperature, $T_c$, for symmetric nuclear matter is found to be 15.8 MeV and 17.9 MeV. These values are consistent with those derived from recent experiments. The limiting temperatures for finite nuclei are in good agreement with the experimental points.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Supplemental Materials: Figures, Tables, and Methods from Neural and sensory basis of homing behavior in the invasive cane toad, Rhinella marina
Creators: name: Shaykevich, Daniel Ari
name: Pareja-Mejía, Daniela
name: Golde, Chloe
name: Pašukonis, Andrius
name: O'Connell, Lauren A
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour

description: Additional figures and tables displaying data that is references in the text, as well as detailed information for methods and statistical analyses.
Solution for the dynamics of the BCS and central spin problems
Creators: name: Yuzbashyan, Emil A.
name: Altshuler, Boris L.
name: Kuznetsov, Vadim B.
name: Enolskii, Victor Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an explicit description of a time-dependent response of fermionic condensates to perturbations. The dynamics of Cooper pairs at times shorter than the energy relaxation time can be described by the BCS model. We obtain a general explicit solution for the dynamics of the BCS model. We also solve a closely related dynamical problem - the central spin model, which describes a localized spin coupled to a "spin bath". Here, we focus on presenting the solution and describing its general properties, but also mention some applications, e.g. to nonstationary pairing in cold Fermi gases and to the issue of electron spin decoherence in quantum dots. A typical dynamics of the BCS and central spin models is quasi-periodic with a large number of frequencies and stable under small perturbations. We show that for certain special initial conditions the number of frequencies decreases and the solution simplifies. In particular, periodic solutions correspond to the ground state and excitations of the BCS model.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure, minor typo corrected
Quantum and classical surface acoustic wave induced magnetoresistance oscillations in a 2D electron gas
Creators: name: Kennett, Malcolm P.
name: Robinson, John P.
name: Cooper, Nigel R.
name: Fal'ko, Vladimir I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the geometrical and temporal commensurability oscillations induced in the resistivity of 2D electrons in a perpendicular magnetic field by surface acoustic waves (SAWs). We show that there is a positive anisotropic dynamical classical contribution and an isotropic non-equilibrium quantum contribution to the resistivity. We describe how the commensurability oscillations modulate the resonances in the SAW-induced resistivity at multiples of the cyclotron frequency. We study the effects of both short-range and long-range disorder on the resistivity corrections for both the classical and quantum non-equilibrium cases. We predict that the quantum correction will give rise to zero-resistance states with associated geometrical commensurability oscillations at large SAW amplitude for sufficiently large inelastic scattering times. These zero resistance states are qualitatively similar to those observed under microwave illumination, and their nature depends crucially on whether the disorder is short- or long-range. Finally, we discuss the implications of our results for current and future experiments on two dimensional electron gases.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Lyapunov exponent for Whitney's problem with random drive
Creators: name: Stepanov, Nikolai A.
name: Skvortsov, Mikhail A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the statistical properties of a non-falling trajectory in the Whitney problem of an inverted pendulum excited by an external force. In the case when the external force is white noise, we recently found the instantaneous distribution function of the pendulum angle and velocity over an infinite time interval using a transfer-matrix analysis of the supersymmetric field theory. Here, we generalize our approach to the case of finite time intervals and multipoint correlation functions. Using the developed formalism, we calculate the Lyapunov exponent, which determines the decay rate of correlations on a non-falling trajectory.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures