cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the Selection of Tuning Methodology of FOPID Controllers for the Control of Higher Order Processes
Creators: name: Das, Saptarshi
name: Saha, Suman
name: Das, Shantanu
name: Gupta, Amitava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, a comparative study is done on the time and frequency domain tuning strategies for fractional order (FO) PID controllers to handle higher order processes. A new fractional order template for reduced parameter modeling of stable minimum/non-minimum phase higher order processes is introduced and its advantage in frequency domain tuning of FOPID controllers is also presented. The time domain optimal tuning of FOPID controllers have also been carried out to handle these higher order processes by performing optimization with various integral performance indices. The paper highlights on the practical control system implementation issues like flexibility of online autotuning, reduced control signal and actuator size, capability of measurement noise filtration, load disturbance suppression, robustness against parameter uncertainties etc. in light of the above tuning methodologies.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures
Planning for creativity: the case of Winnipeg's exchange district
Creators: name: Medeiros, Nelson
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2005

description: Bibliography: p. 123-128
description: At the urban scale, creativity is a function of diverse cultural resources, and the creative ethos of urban managers, industries, and residents. This MDP applies the Creative City approach in a conceptual and practical manner utilizing Winnipeg's Exchange District as a case study. As a National Historic Site, the Exchange District is characterized by historic architecture, diverse land uses, cultural organizations, and creative industries. This creative milieu has largely evolved organically. However, recent development pressure has necessitated the need for a planning response that is sympathetic to the area's historical significance and creative character. The Cycle of Urban Creativity served as an analytic tool to evaluate strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the Exchange District's current institutions and policy environment relative to fostering creativity. Based on this analysis, recommendations have been provided that address identified weaknesses in the current planning framework, and the capacity of Winnipeg's policy institutions to generate, cultivate, and market creative ideas and projects.
Theoretical Bounds on Control-Plane Self-Monitoring in Routing Protocols
Creators: name: Rajendran, Raj Kumar
name: Misra, Vishal
name: Rubenstein, Daniel Stuart
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Computer science

description: Routing protocols rely on the cooperation of nodes in the network to both forward packets and to select the forwarding routes. There have been several instances in which an entire network's routing collapsed simply because a seemingly insignificant set of nodes reported erroneous routing information to their neighbors. It may have been possible for other nodes to trigger an automated response and prevent the problem by analyzing received routing information for inconsistencies that revealed the errors. Our theoretical study seeks to understand when nodes can detect the existence of errors in the implementation of route selection elsewhere in the network through monitoring their own routing states for inconsistencies. We start by constructing a methodology, called Strong-Detection, that helps answer the question. We then apply Strong-Detection to three classes of routing protocols: distance-vector, path-vector, and link-state. For each class, we derive low-complexity, self-monitoring algorithms that use the routing state created by these routing protocols to identify any detectable anomalies. These algorithms are then used to compare and contrast the self-monitoring power these various classes of protocols possess. We also study the trade-off between their state-information complexity and ability to identify routing anomalies.
A Comparative Study of Local Galaxy Clusters: II: X-ray and SZ Scaling Relations
Creators: name: Rozo, Eduardo
name: Evrard, August E.
name: Rykoff, Eli S.
name: Bartlett, James G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare cluster scaling relations published for three different samples selected via X-ray and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) signatures. We find tensions driven mainly by two factors: i) systematic differences in the X-ray cluster observables used to derive the scaling relations, and ii) uncertainty in the modeling of how the gas mass of galaxy clusters scales with total mass. All scaling relations are in agreement after accounting for these two effects. We describe a multivariate scaling model that enables a fully self-consistent treatment of multiple observational catalogs in the presence of property covariance, and apply this formalism when interpreting published results. The corrections due to scatter and observable covariance can be significant. For instance, our predicted Ysz-Lx scaling relation differs from that derived using the naive "plug in" method by \approx 25%. Finally, we test the mass normalization for each of the X-ray data sets we consider by applying a space density consistency test: we compare the observed REFLEX luminosity function to expectations from published Lx-M relations convolved with the mass function for a WMAP7 flat ΛCDM model.
description: X-ray luminosity function test now properly marginalizes over cosmological uncertainties
Additional file 4 of Eravacycline susceptibility was impacted by genetic mutation of 30S ribosome subunits, and branched-chain amino acid transport system II carrier protein, Na/Pi cotransporter family protein in Staphylococcus aureus
Creators: name: Wang, Zhanwen
name: Lin, Zhiwei
name: Bai, Bing
name: Xu, Guangjian
name: Li, Peiyu
name: Yu, Zhijian
name: Deng, Qiwen
name: Shang, Yongpeng
name: Zheng, Jinxin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4 Table S4 Primers used for RT-qPCR in this study.
Die App „Actionbound“ in der museumspädagogischen Praxis
Creators: name: Weiler, Johanna
Publisher: name: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
Year: 2021

description: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit, Bd. 1 (2021): KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
Systematic search for successful lepton mixing patterns with nonzero theta_13
Creators: name: Rodejohann, Werner
name: Zhang, He
name: Zhou, Shun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a systematic search for simple but viable lepton mixing patterns. Our main criterion is that the mixing matrix can be parameterized by three rotation angles, which are simple fractions of pi. These simple rotation angles possess exact expressions for their sines and cosines, and often arise in the flavor symmetry models. All possible parameterizations of the mixing matrix are taken into account. In total, twenty successful mixing patterns are found to be consistent with the latest neutrino oscillation data (including the recent T2K results) in the CP conserving case, whereas fifteen mixing patterns are allowed in the maximal CP violating case. Potential radiative corrections to the constant mixing patterns are also calculated by solving the renormalization group equations.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables; version to be published in Nuclear Physics B
WebPod: Persistent Web Browsing Sessions with Pocketable Storage Devices
Creators: name: Potter, Shaya
name: Nieh, Jason
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Computer science

description: We present WebPod, a portable device for managing web browsing sessions. WebPod leverages capacity improvements in portable solid state memory devices to provide a consistent environment to access the web. WebPod provides a thin virtualization layer that decouples a user's web session from any particular end-user device, allowing users freedom to move their work environments around. We have implemented a prototype in Linux that works with existing unmodified applications and operating system kernels. Our experimental results demonstrate that WebPod has very low virtualization overhead and can provide a full featured web browsing experience, including support for all helper applications and plug-ins one expects. WebPod is able to efficiently migrate a user's web session. This enables improved user mobility while maintaining a consistent work environment.
MOESM4 of A field-based modeling study on ecological characterization of hourly host-seeking behavior and its associated climatic variables in Aedes albopictus
Creators: name: Yin, Qingqing
name: Li, Li
name: Guo, Xiang
name: Wu, Rangke
name: Shi, Benyun
name: Wang, Yuji
name: Liu, Yingjie
name: Wu, Shang
name: Pan, Yicheng
name: Wang, Qi
name: Xie, Tian
name: Hu, Tian
name: Xia, Dan
name: Xia, Shang
name: Kambalame, Dzinkambani
name: Li, Wanyu
name: Song, Zhangyao
name: Zhou, Siyun
name: Deng, Ye
name: Xie, Yu
name: Zhou, Xiao-Nong
name: Wang, Chunmei
name: Chen, Xiao-Guang
name: Zhou, Xiaohong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S2. Adult mosquitoes collected by multi-month investigations from November 2016 to November 2017.
Iron transport in two pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria
Creators: name: Chan, Anson Chi-Kit
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Campylobacter jejuni and Escherichia coli strain F11 are two Gram-negative pathogens with a versatile armament of iron uptake systems to cope with the fluctuating host nutrient environment. Our current understanding of Gram-negative iron uptake systems focuses heavily on a prototypical scheme involving a TonB-dependent outer membrane receptor and an ABC transporter, with little knowledge on systems that do not fall neatly into this paradigm. The primary focus of this thesis is the characterization of three such atypical iron uptake proteins from C. jejuni (ChaN and P19) and pathogenic E. coli (FetP). C. jejuni ChaN is a 30 kDa, iron-regulated lipoprotein hypothesized to be involved in iron uptake. The crystal structure of ChaN reveals that it can bind two cofacial heme groups in a pocket formed by a ChaN dimer. Each heme iron is coordinated by a single tyrosine from one monomer and the propionate groups are hydrogen bonded by a histidine and a lysine from the other monomer. Analytical ultracentrifugation studies demonstrate heme-dependent dimerization in solution. Cell fractionation of C. jejuni shows that ChaN is localized to the outer membrane. Based on these findings, the predicted in vivo role of ChaN in iron uptake is discussed. C. jejuni cFtr1-P19 and E. coli FetMP are homologous iron-regulated systems also proposed to be iron transporters. Through growth studies in both organisms, we show that P19 and FetMP are required for optimal growth under iron-limited conditions. Furthermore, metal binding analysis demonstrates that recombinant P19 and FetP bind both copper and iron. Dimerization of P19 is shown to be metal dependent in vitro and is detected in vivo by cross-linking. Through x-ray crystallography, we have determined the structures of P19 and FetP with various metals bound, thus revealing the locations of the highly conserved copper and iron binding sites. Additionally, the crystal structure of FetP reveals two copper positions in each binding site that is likely functionally important. Through mutagenesis, residues contributing to the alternative copper positions were identified. Together, these studies provide insight into the mechanism of iron transport by the two systems and allow for the development of functional models.
Erbium Silicide Growth in the Presence of Residual Oxygen
Creators: name: Reckinger, Nicolas
name: Tang, Xiaohui
name: Godey, Sylvie
name: Dubois, Emmanuel
name: Laszcz, Adam
name: Ratajczak, Jacek
name: Vlad, Alexandru
name: Dutu, Constantin Augustin
name: Raskin, Jean-Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chemical changes of Ti/Er/n-Si(100) stacks evaporated in high vacuum and grown ex situ by rapid thermal annealing were scrutinized. The emphasis was laid on the evolution with the annealing temperature of (i) the Er-Si solid-state reaction and (ii) the penetration of oxygen into Ti and its subsequent interaction with Er. For that sake, three categories of specimens were analyzed: as-deposited, annealed at 300°C, and annealed at 600°C. It was found that the presence of residual oxygen into the annealing atmosphere resulted in a substantial oxidation of the Er film surface, irrespective of the annealing temperature. However, the part of the Er film in intimate contact with the Si bulk formed a silicide (amorphous at 300°C and crystalline at 600°C) invariably free of oxygen, as testified by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth profiling and Schottky barrier height extraction of 0.3 eV at 600°C. This proves that, even if Er is highly sensitive to oxygen contamination, the formation of low Schottky barrier Er silicide contacts on n-Si is quite robust. Finally, the production of stripped oxygen-free Er silicide was demonstrated after process optimization.
Canadian first nation community economic development planning: key factors for success
Creators: name: Manuel, Collette D.
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2007

description: Bibliography: p. 80-83
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: Prepared in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Masters of Environmental Design (Planning) Degree in the Faculty of E nvironmental Design, The University of Calgary. First Nations in Canada desire to design sustainable socio-economic development strategies to create positive change that will lead to improvements in their socioeconomic conditions. It is a goal of all First Nations people to move forward so they can become self-determining, by overcoming the sole dependency on federal decentralization programs. Some First Nations are realizing success by integrating their own unique community development approach with federal decentralization programs to create optimum conditions for themselves. The research is intended to provide First Nations and INAC with a self assessment tool known as the Community Capacity Index (from the composite indicators and respective sub indicators) to measure socio-economic development. The composite indicators came primarily from the "Harvard Study on Indian Eco nomic Development" and the "Strategically Positioned First Nation", both comprehensive studies that provided knowledge about First Nations soc io-economic conditions. The composite indicators are: governance, economic growth strategy, internal capacity, respect/ incorporation of language and culture. The 27 sub-indicators were developed from these comprehensive pieces of research, other notable research, and finally, from case studies from successful First Nations across Canada. First Nation communities that have received Economic Developers of the Year from CANDO, a National Aboriginal Organization, are examined. The examination of the nine First Nation communities looks at how these communities rated in terms of the Community Capacity Index. The analysis of this data shows that internal capacity is the focus in their development strategies. Economic growth was rated second, while respect / incorporation of culture was rated third, and finally, governance was rated fourth. The underlying lesson is that it is possible for any First Nation to be successful, so long as they integrate their own unique community development approach, with federal decentralization programs. Recommendations are made for the federal government and First Nations, which focus on clear, simple steps that can be taken to provide the tools to First Nations to beg in helping themselves to move forward in terms of designing sustainable socio-economic development.
Ehrenamtliches Engagement und Freiwilligenmanagement im TECHNOSEUM
Creators: name: Pomp, Constanze N.
Publisher: name: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
Year: 2021

description: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit, Bd. 1 (2021): KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
Bypassing Health Centers in Tanzania: Revealed Preferences for Observable and Unobservable
Creators: name: Leonard, Kenneth L.
name: Mliga, Gilbert R.
name: Mariam, Damen Haile
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Economics
Public health

description: When patients bypass on one health facility to seek health care at another, strong preference are revealed. This paper advances the view that the patterns of bypassing observed in Iringa Rural district in Tanzania show evidence of patients understanding of various measures of quality at the facilities that they visit and bypass. Importantly some of these measures are "unobservable", meaning that we do not expect patients to be able to evaluate whether or not these types of quality are present just from visiting a center. We use two data sets on various features of health facilities including consultation quality and prescription quality as evaluated by a team of clinicians. This is matched with data collected from health center registers that included the symptoms of patients and the village they traveled from. The register data is transformed into a patient-based sample and we use a multinomial/conditional logit regression on patient choice of provider to show the relationship between patient behavior and objective measure of technical quality in the health facilities. Patients seek facilities that provide high quality consultations, are staffed by more knowledgeable physicians, observe prescription practices and are polite. They avoid facilities that use injections too liberally or over-prescribe medication
"Removing the Bars: Take Action": Kickoff Keynote Event
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Public policy (Law)
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Law

description: Opening remarks by Ronin A. Davis, co-chair of the Criminal Justice Caucus; spoken word performance by IMPACT; introduction of keynote speaker by Soffiyah Elijah, executive director of the Correctional Association of New York; keynote address by Davis; question and answer session facilitated by Cheryl Wilkins, associate director of the Criminal Justice Initiative: Supporting Children, Families, and Communities; "Making the Invisible, Visible," depicting the variety of ways people have been impacted by the criminal justice system, facilitated by Kathy Boudin, director of the Criminal Justice Initiative, and Mika'il Deveaux, executive director of Citizens Against Recidivism; closing remarks by Natasha Orilus, co-chair of the Criminal Justice Caucus.
Besucherforschung am TECHNOSEUM
Creators: name: Kaysers, Antje
Publisher: name: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
Year: 2021

description: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit, Bd. 1 (2021): KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
Multifractal analysis of the electronic states in the Fibonacci superlattice under weak electric fields
Creators: name: Woloszyn, Maciej
name: Spisak, Bartlomiej J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Influence of the weak electric field on the electronic structure of the Fibonacci superlattice is considered. The electric field produces a nonlinear dynamics of the energy spectrum of the aperiodic superlattice. Mechanism of the nonlinearity is explained in terms of energy levels anticrossings. The multifractal formalism is applied to investigate the effect of weak electric field on the statistical properties of electronic eigenfunctions. It is shown that the applied electric field does not remove the multifractal character of the electronic eigenfunctions, and that the singularity spectrum remains non-parabolic, however with a modified shape. Changes of the distances between energy levels of neighbouring eigenstates lead to the changes of the inverse participation ratio of the corresponding eigenfunctions in the weak electric field. It is demonstrated, that the local minima of the inverse participation ratio in the vicinity of the anticrossings correspond to discontinuity of the first derivative of the difference between marginal values of the singularity strength. Analysis of the generalized dimension as a function of the electric field shows that the electric field correlates spatial fluctuations of the neighbouring electronic eigenfunction amplitudes in the vicinity of anticrossings, and the nonlinear character of the scaling exponent confirms multifractality of the corresponding electronic eigenfunctions.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 5 of Eravacycline susceptibility was impacted by genetic mutation of 30S ribosome subunits, and branched-chain amino acid transport system II carrier protein, Na/Pi cotransporter family protein in Staphylococcus aureus
Creators: name: Wang, Zhanwen
name: Lin, Zhiwei
name: Bai, Bing
name: Xu, Guangjian
name: Li, Peiyu
name: Yu, Zhijian
name: Deng, Qiwen
name: Shang, Yongpeng
name: Zheng, Jinxin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5 Table S5 Strains and plasmids used for the overexpression test in this study.
Electronic properties of disclinated nanostructured cylinder
Creators: name: Pincak, R.
name: Smotlacha, J.
name: Pudlak, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic structure of nanocylinder without and with a small perturbation is investigated with the help of calculation of the local density of states. A continuum gauge field-theory model is used for this purpose. In this model, Dirac equation is solved on a curved surface. The local density of states is calculated from its solution. The case of 2 heptagonal defects is considered. This paper is an extension of our previous work [1] where one heptagonal and one pentagonal defects in hexagonal graphene network were compared. The metallization for the perturbed cylinder structure is found.
description: 14 pages
Empirical Studies on the Disambiguation of Cue Phrases
Creators: name: Hirschberg, Julia Bell
name: Litman, Diane
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1991
Subjects: Computer science

description: Cue phrases are linguistic expressions such as now and well that function as explicit indicators of the structure of a discourse. For example, now may signal the beginning of a subtopic or a return to a previous topic, while well may mark subsequent material as a response to prior material, or as an explanatory comment. However, while cue phrases may convey discourse structure, each also has one or more alternate uses. While incidentally may be used sententially as an adverbial, for example, the discourse use initiates a digression. Although distinguishing discourse and sentential uses of cue phrases is critical to the interpretation and generation of discourse, the question of how speakers and hearers accomplish this disambiguation is rarely addressed. This paper reports results of empirical studies on discourse and sentential uses of cue phrases, in which both text-based and prosodic features were examined for disambiguating power. Based on these studies, it is proposed that discourse versus sentential usage may be distinguished by intonational features, specifically, pitch accent and prosodic phrasing. A prosodic model that characterizes these distinctions is identified. This model is associated with features identifiable from text analysis, including orthography and part of speech, to permit the application of the results of the prosodic analysis to the generation of appropriate intonational features for discourse and sentential uses of cue phrases in synthetic speech.
A Visual Language for Browsing, Undoing, and Redoing Graphical Interface Commands
Creators: name: Kurlander, David
name: Feiner, Steven K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: We present the concept of an editable graphical history that allows the user to review and modify the actions performed with a graphical user interface. Using a pictorial metaphor borrowed from comic strips, an editable graphical history consists of a series of panels that depict in chronological order the important events in the history of a user's session. We discuss the visual language used in editable graphical histories, and describe Chimera, a graphical editor that generates these histories automatically. The user may scroll through the sequence of panels, reviewing actions at different levels of detail, and selectively undoing, modifying, and redoing previous actions. Chimera's editable graphical histories are constructed from parts of the editor window, the editor control panel, and the editor's pop up menus. Panels indicate both the objects that are modified and the actions performed on them. We describe the heuristics used to determine the objects depicted in each panel, the style in which they are drawn, and how actions are distributed among panels.
Assessing household vulnerability to poverty from cross-sectional data: A methodology and estimates from Indonesia
Creators: name: Chaudhuri, Shubham
name: Jalan, Jyotsna
name: Suryahadi, Asep
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Economics

description: A household's observed poverty status is an ex-post measure of a household's well-being (or lack thereof). But for thinking about forward-looking anti-poverty interventions that aim to prevent rather than alleviate poverty, what really matters is the vulnerability of households to poverty, i.e., the risk that a household will, if currently non-poor, fall below the poverty line, or if currently poor, will remain in poverty. Ideally, vulnerability at the household level would be estimated with panel data of sufficient length and richness. However, such data are rare, especially in poor, developing economies. We argue in this paper that despite the limitations of purely cross-sectional data, an analysis of these data can potentially be informative. We lay out a simple and fairly flexible methodology for empirically assessing household vulnerability to poverty using cross-sectional survey data, and demonstrate the uses and limitations of the proposed methods through a case study using data from the December 1998 mini-SUSENAS survey from Indonesia.
Synthesis of On-Chip Interconnection Structures:From Point-to-Point Links to Networks-on-Chip
Creators: name: Pinto, Alessandro
name: Carloni, Luca
name: Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, Alberto L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Computer science

description: Packet-switched networks-on-chip (NOC) have been advocated as the solution to the challenge of organizing efficient and reliable communication structures among the components of a system-on-chip (SOC). A critical issue in designing a NOC is to determine its topology given the set of point-to-point communication requirements among these components. We present a novel approach to on-chip communication synthesis that is based on the iterative combination of two efficient computational steps: (1) an application of the k-Median algorithm to coarsely determine the global communication structure (which may turned out not be a network after all), and a (2) a variation of the shortest-path algorithm in order to finely tune the data flows on the communication channels. The application of our method to case studies taken from the literature shows that we can automatically synthesize optimal NOC topologies for multi-core on-chip processors and it offers new insights on why NOC are not necessarily a value proposition for some classes of applcation-specific SOCs.
Casual Compressive Sensing for Gene Network Inference
Creators: name: Deng, Mo
name: Emad, Amin
name: Milenkovic, Olgica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We propose a novel framework for studying causal inference of gene interactions using a combination of compressive sensing and Granger causality techniques. The gist of the approach is to discover sparse linear dependencies between time series of gene expressions via a Granger-type elimination method. The method is tested on the Gardner dataset for the SOS network in E. coli, for which both known and unknown causal relationships are discovered.
Production and consumption: a microbrewery as a space of publice engagement
Creators: name: Neurohr, Raphael T.
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2005

description: Bibliography: p. 99-101
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: For centuries the notion of living and working in close proximity was the norm for most people. With the onset of the Industrial Revolution there was a dramatic change in the scale of production and economical demand for labour and resource inputs. Zoning laws, which separated the commercial and residential functions, were instituted to accommodate the expanding land requirements, which facilitated the need for increased production space. These zoning laws also addressed the accompanying social and environmental challenges that were occurring during this time period. The notion of separating industrial, commercial, residential or recreational uses gained popularity in Europe and then spread to the rest of the world. Unfortunately, in post-war development, there was an indiscriminate separation of living and working functions. This separation did not particularly sit well with some Modernists, who had shifted from supporting this division to eventually proposing the re-integration of smaller, craft-based industries into the living fabric of towns. The face of industrial production has changed dramatically over the last twenty years with the application of new technologies and a growing concern for the environment. Clean small scale industrial operations are beginning to emerge, which challenge the image of the large scale, polluting industrial plants. New technologies present the opportunity to re-integrate industries into the community. Architecture is presented with an exciting proposition that with thoughtful execution could mitigate some of our past mistakes that lead to the increased 'homogenization' of our cities. This project examines the integration of industry into the social fabric of Calgary with the re-integration of a microbrewery into the public realm. Examining the notion of a 'transformative' space, the microbrewery will serve as a catalyst for public engagement. Celebrating the production and consumption of its products, beer, as a cultural edifice, the project will contribute to the continuing diversification and 'renaissance' of downtown Calgary. Keywords: public realm, industry, consumption, production, urban, engagement, experience
Additional file 1 of Eravacycline susceptibility was impacted by genetic mutation of 30S ribosome subunits, and branched-chain amino acid transport system II carrier protein, Na/Pi cotransporter family protein in Staphylococcus aureus
Creators: name: Wang, Zhanwen
name: Lin, Zhiwei
name: Bai, Bing
name: Xu, Guangjian
name: Li, Peiyu
name: Yu, Zhijian
name: Deng, Qiwen
name: Shang, Yongpeng
name: Zheng, Jinxin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1 Table S1 The profiles of the eight candidate genes correlated with eravacycline susceptibility in S. aureus.
Child labor: The role of income variability and access to credit across countries
Creators: name: Dehejia, Rajeev H.
name: Gatti, Roberta
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Labor economics

description: This paper examines the relationship between child labor and access to credit at a cross-country level. Even though this link is theoretically central to child labor, so far there has been little work done to assess its importance empirically. We measure child labor as a country aggregate, and credit constraints are proxied by the extent of financial development. These two variables display a strong negative relationship, which we show is robust to selection on observables (by controlling for a wide range of variables such as GDP per capita, urbanization, initial child labor, schooling, fertility, legal institutions, inequality, and openness, and by allowing for a nonparametric functional form), and to selection on unobservables (by allowing for fixed effects). We find that the magnitude of the association between our proxy of access to credit and child labor is large in the subsample of poor countries. Moreover, in the absence of developed financial markets, households appear to resort substantially to child labor in order to cope with income variability. This evidence suggests that policies aimed at widening households' access to credit could be effective in reducing the extent of child labor.
Genetic and ultrastructural characterization of Cafeteria roenbergensis virus and its virophage Mavirus
Creators: name: Fischer, Matthias Gunther
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Giant viruses infecting unicellular eukaryotes have genomes that overlap in size and coding content with the smallest cellular life forms, thereby blurring the boundary between what is considered living and non-living. Due to their recent discovery, little is known about the biology and host range of giant viruses. In this dissertation, I characterize Cafeteria roenbergensis virus (CroV), the largest marine virus known to date. CroV infects the phagotrophic nanoflagellate C. roenbergensis, a widespread and ecologically important marine zooplankton species. CroV has a 730 kilobase pair DNA genome which is predicted to encode 544 proteins and 22 transfer RNAs. Four genes contained an intein insertion and several genes have not been found before in viruses, including an isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase and a histone acetyltransferase. A 38 kilobase pair region of putative bacterial origin encoded predicted enzymes for the biosynthesis of 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate, a key component of the bacterial lipopolysaccharide layer. Microarray analysis revealed that at least 274 CroV genes were transcribed during infection and that different genes were expressed at early and late stages of viral replication. Promoter sequences specific for each stage were identified. Proteomic analyses showed that the virion is composed of at least 129 CroV-encoded proteins, including a large set of transcription enzymes and several DNA repair proteins. Phylogenetically, CroV was found to belong to the group of nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses and was most closely related to Acanthamoeba polyphaga mimivirus, although only a third of the CroV genes had homologues in Mimivirus. I also discovered a smaller virus, the Mavirus virophage, whose replication was dependent on co-infection by CroV and led to decreased CroV production and increased host-cell survival. Mavirus particles co-localized within the CroV virion factory, as shown by transmission electron microscopy of infected cells. Remarkably, the 19 kilobase pair DNA genome of Mavirus was most similar to the Maverick/Polinton eukaryotic DNA transposons, which led to the hypothesis that these transposons have originated from the endogenization of ancient virophages into eukaryotic genomes. This work describes the first giant virus infecting a zooplankton species and demonstrates a clear link between Mavirus and Maverick transposons.
Rational Herding and The Spatial Clustering of Bank Branches: An Empirical Analysis
Creators: name: Chang, Angela
name: Chaudhuri, Shubham
name: Jayaratne, Jith
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Economics
Banks and banking

description: Bank Branches in NYC tend to be spatial clustered. For instance, of the 221 branches that were opened in NYC between July 1990 and June 1995-, 181 or 82 percent were opened in census tracts that already had at least one other branch. A number of recent theoretical papers have highlighted the possibility of rational herding in various arenas of economic activity. This paper explores empirically whether the apparent clustering of bank branches can be at least partially attributed to rational herding by banks. We find that even after controlling for the expected profitability of operating a branch in an area, branch openings follow other, existing branches. Moreover, such band wagon behavior appears to reduce branch profits. These findings, combined, suggest that herd behavior may be a factor in the branch location decisions of banks.
Closing the Loop: A Self-Consistent Model of Optical, X-ray, and SZ Scaling Relations for Clusters of Galaxies
Creators: name: Rozo, Eduardo
name: Bartlett, James G.
name: Evrard, August E.
name: Rykoff, Eli S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that optical data from SDSS, X-ray data from ROSAT and Chandra, and SZ data from Planck, can be modeled in a fully self-consistent manner. After accounting for systematic errors and allowing for property covariance, we find that scaling relations derived from optical and X-ray selected cluster samples are consistent with one another. Moreover, these clusters scaling relations satisfy several non-trivial spatial abundance constraints and closure relations. Given the good agreement between optical and X-ray samples, we combine the two and derive a joint set of LX-M and YSZ-M relations. Our best fit YSZ-M relation is in good agreement with the observed amplitude of the thermal SZ power spectrum for a WMAP7 cosmology, and is consistent with the masses for the two CLASH galaxy clusters published thus far. We predict the halo masses of the remaining z \leq 0.4 CLASH clusters, and use our scaling relations to compare our results with a variety of X-ray and weak lensing cluster masses from the literature.
description: X-ray luminosity function comparison now properly marginalized over uncertainty in cosmological parameters
MOESM2 of Histology-guided high-resolution AP-SMALDI mass spectrometry imaging of wheat-Fusarium graminearum interaction at the rootâ shoot junction
Creators: name: Bhandari, Dhaka
name: Wang, Qing
name: Li, Bin
name: Friedt, Wolfgang
name: RĂśmpp, Andreas
name: Spengler, Bernhard
name: Gottwald, Sven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Fusarium root rot-induced metabolites assigned in wheat stem base tissues by AP-SMALDI-MS imaging.
Asymmetric information about rivals' types in standard auctions: An experiment
Creators: name: Che, Yeon-Koo
name: Andreoni, James
name: Kim, Jinwoo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper studies experimentally how information about rivals' types affects bidding behavior in first- and second-price auctions. The comparative static hypotheses associated with information about rivals enables us to test the relevance of such information as well as the general predictions of the auction theory, by providing an effective means to control for risk aversion and other behavioral motives that were difficult to control for in previous experiments. Our experimental evidence provides strong support for the theory, and sheds light on the roles of risk aversion and the spite motive in first- and second-price auctions, respectively.
Causal amplitudes in the Schwinger model at finite temperature
Creators: name: Das, Ashok
name: Francisco, R. R.
name: Frenkel, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show, in the imaginary time formalism, that the temperature dependent parts of all the retarded (advanced) amplitudes vanish in the Schwinger model. We trace this behavior to the CPT invariance of the theory and give a physical interpretation of this result in terms of forward scattering amplitudes of on-shell thermal particles.
description: 4 pages with 5 figures, two minor typos corrected, to appear in Physical Review D
MOESM5 of A field-based modeling study on ecological characterization of hourly host-seeking behavior and its associated climatic variables in Aedes albopictus
Creators: name: Yin, Qingqing
name: Li, Li
name: Guo, Xiang
name: Wu, Rangke
name: Shi, Benyun
name: Wang, Yuji
name: Liu, Yingjie
name: Wu, Shang
name: Pan, Yicheng
name: Wang, Qi
name: Xie, Tian
name: Hu, Tian
name: Xia, Dan
name: Xia, Shang
name: Kambalame, Dzinkambani
name: Li, Wanyu
name: Song, Zhangyao
name: Zhou, Siyun
name: Deng, Ye
name: Xie, Yu
name: Zhou, Xiao-Nong
name: Wang, Chunmei
name: Chen, Xiao-Guang
name: Zhou, Xiaohong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 5: Table S3. Adult mosquitoes collected by multi-site investigations during June-July 2018.
Engineering integrated pure narrow-band photon sources
Creators: name: Pomarico, Enrico
name: Sanguinetti, Bruno
name: Osorio, Clara I.
name: Herrmann, Harald
name: Thew, Rob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Engineering and controlling well defined states of light for quantum information applications is of increasing importance as the complexity of quantum systems grows. For example, in quantum networks high multi-photon interference visibility requires properly devised single mode sources. In this paper we propose a spontaneous parametric down conversion source based on an integrated cavity-waveguide, where single narrow-band, possibly distinct, spectral modes for the idler and the signal fields can be generated. This mode selection takes advantage of the clustering effect, due to the intrinsic dispersion of the nonlinear material. In combination with a CW laser and fast detection, our approach provides a means to engineer a source that can efficiently generate pure photons, without filtering, that is compatible with long distance quantum communication. Furthermore, it is extremely flexible and could easily be adapted to a wide variety of wavelengths and applications.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Quantum Algorithms and Complexity for Certain Continuous and Related Discrete Problems
Creators: name: Kwas, Marek
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: The thesis contains an analysis of two computational problems. The first problem is discrete quantum Boolean summation. This problem is a building block of quantum algorithms for many continuous problems, such as integration, approximation, differential equations and path integration. The second problem is continuous multivariate Feynman-Kac path integration, which is a special case of path integration. The quantum Boolean summation problem can be solved by the quantum summation (QS) algorithm of Brassard, Hí yer, Mosca and Tapp, which approximates the arithmetic mean of a Boolean function. We improve the error bound of Brassard et al. for the worst-probabilistic setting. Our error bound is sharp. We also present new sharp error bounds in the average-probabilistic and worst-average settings. Our average-probabilistic error bounds prove the optimality of the QS algorithm for a certain choice of its parameters. The study of the worst-average error shows that the QS algorithm is not optimal in this setting; we need to use a certain number of repetitions to regain its optimality. The multivariate Feynman-Kac path integration problem for smooth multivariate functions suffers from the provable curse of dimensionality in the worst-case deterministic setting, i.e., the minimal number of function evaluations needed to compute an approximation depends exponentially on the number of variables. We show that in both the randomized and quantum settings the curse of dimensionality is vanquished, i.e., the minimal number of function evaluations and/or quantum queries required to compute an approximation depends only polynomially on the reciprocal of the desired accuracy and has a bound independent of the number of variables. The exponents of these polynomials are 2 in the randomized setting and 1 in the quantum setting. These exponents can be lowered at the expense of the dependence on the number of variables. Hence, the quantum setting yields exponential speedup over the worst-case deterministic setting, and quadratic speedup over the randomized setting.
Asymmetric Information and the Role of NGOs in African Health Care
Creators: name: Leonard, Kenneth L.
name: Leonard, David K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: Economics
Public health

description: In African health care the "miracle of the market "has not occurred. Patients exhibit willingness to pay for health care and yet practitioners are unable to sell their services. Simultaneously non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are running successful health facilities for which patients are willing to pay. We develop a model of the demand for health care in the presence of asymmetric information that allows us to view African health care in the framework of the New Institutional Economics literature. We use previously published empirical results to support the validity of this view and show that NGOs have the institutional capacity to deliver high quality health care, whereas private practitioners, even with good intentions, will not easily succeed. Having arrived at the well documented conclusion that NGOs provide high quality services through theory allows us to draw policy conclusions on ways to extend the provision of health services.
Requirements for Scalable Access Control and Security Management Architectures
Creators: name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
name: Smith, Jonathan M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Computer science

description: Maximizing local autonomy has led to a scalable Internet. Scalability and the capacity for distributed control have unfortunately not extended well to resource access control policies and mechanisms. Yet management of security is becoming an increasingly challenging problem, in no small part due to scaling up of measures such as number of users, protocols, applications, network elements, topological constraints, and functionality expectations. In this paper we discuss scalability challenges for traditional access control mechanisms and present a set of fundamental requirements for authorization services in large scale networks. We show why existing mechanisms fail to meet these requirements, and investigate the current design options for a scalable access control architecture. We argue that the key design options to achieve scalability are the choice of the representation of access control policy, the distribution mechanism for policy and the choice of access rights revocation scheme.