cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Domain Adaptation for Robust Workload Level Alignment Between Sessions and Subjects using fNIRS
Creators: name: Lyu, Boyang
name: Pham, Thao
name: Blaney, Giles
name: Haga, Zachary
name: Sassaroli, Angelo
name: Fantini, Sergio
name: Aeron, Shuchin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Significance: We demonstrated the potential of using domain adaptation on functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) data to classify different levels of n-back tasks that involve working memory. Aim: Domain shift in fNIRS data is a challenge in the workload level alignment across different experiment sessions and subjects. In order to address this problem, two domain adaptation approaches -- Gromov-Wasserstein (G-W) and Fused Gromov-Wasserstein (FG-W) were used. Approach: Specifically, we used labeled data from one session or one subject to classify trials in another session (within the same subject) or another subject. We applied G-W for session-by-session alignment and FG-W for subject-by-subject alignment to fNIRS data acquired during different n-back task levels. We compared these approaches with three supervised methods: multi-class Support Vector Machine (SVM), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and Recurrent Neural Network (RNN). Results: In a sample of six subjects, G-W resulted in an alignment accuracy of 68 $\pm$ 4 % (weighted mean $\pm$ standard error) for session-by-session alignment, FG-W resulted in an alignment accuracy of 55 $\pm$ 2 % for subject-by-subject alignment. In each of these cases, 25 % accuracy represents chance. Alignment accuracy results from both G-W and FG-W are significantly greater than those from SVM, CNN and RNN. We also showed that removal of motion artifacts from the fNIRS data plays an important role in improving alignment performance. Conclusions: Domain adaptation has potential for session-by-session and subject-by-subject alignment of mental workload by using fNIRS data.
Kondisi Politik Persia pada Era Dinasti Qajar 1796-1834 M
Creators: name: Arafah Pramasto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 220403 Islamic Studies
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 220407 Studies in Religious Traditions (excl. Eastern, Jewish, Christian and Islamic Traditions)
subject: 210310 Middle Eastern and African History
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: 200523 Middle Eastern Literature
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: The Qajar dynasty in Indonesian literature is not as popular as the Safavid dynasty and the 1979 Iranian revolution. The role of Qajar dynasty started as one of the tribal powers among the Qizilbash elite troops of the Safavid dynasty. Political conditions during the decline of Safavids led to the emergence of other warring dynasties to gain domination in Persia. Qajar dynasty under the leadership of Agha Muhammad Khan was successful in defeating warring dynasties as the Russian invaders were also driven out. Agha Muhammad later became the Shah of Persia in 1796 year before he was assassinated during a military campaign against Russia. After his assassination, Fath Ali – nephew of Agha Muhammad became the new Shah in 1798. Qajar dynasty under the new reign effectively consolidated the political condition and governing aspect of Persia. Fath Ali is also believed to have committed violence against his competitors while also; he was able to coordinate between various cultural identities in Persia along with building country’s governing structure as well as patronizing religious life. During later wars with Russia, Fath Ali was dependent on intervention of British and French due to lack of reforms in his military. It became an important event before his death in 1834.
On generalizations of Schur's inequality
Creators: name: Wu, Chai Wah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Schur's inequality for the sum of products of the differences of real numbers states that for $x,y,z,t\geq 0$, $x^t(x-y)(x-z) + y^t(y-z)(y-x) + z^t(z-x)(z-y) \geq 0$. In this paper we study a generalization of this inequality to more terms, more general functions of the variables and algebraic structures such as vectors and Hermitian matrices.
description: 17 pages, 1 table
Optimal training of integer-valued neural networks with mixed integer programming
Creators: name: Thorbjarnarson, Tómas
name: Yorke-Smith, Neil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: I.2.1
subject: 90C10

description: Recent work has shown potential in using Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) solvers to optimize certain aspects of neural networks (NNs). However the intriguing approach of training NNs with MIP solvers is under-explored. State-of-the-art-methods to train NNs are typically gradient-based and require significant data, computation on GPUs, and extensive hyper-parameter tuning. In contrast, training with MIP solvers does not require GPUs or heavy hyper-parameter tuning, but currently cannot handle anything but small amounts of data. This article builds on recent advances that train binarized NNs using MIP solvers. We go beyond current work by formulating new MIP models which improve training efficiency and which can train the important class of integer-valued neural networks (INNs). We provide two novel methods to further the potential significance of using MIP to train NNs. The first method optimizes the number of neurons in the NN while training. This reduces the need for deciding on network architecture before training. The second method addresses the amount of training data which MIP can feasibly handle: we provide a batch training method that dramatically increases the amount of data that MIP solvers can use to train. We thus provide a promising step towards using much more data than before when training NNs using MIP models. Experimental results on two real-world data-limited datasets demonstrate that our approach strongly outperforms the previous state of the art in training NN with MIP, in terms of accuracy, training time and amount of data. Our methodology is proficient at training NNs when minimal training data is available, and at training with minimal memory requirements -- which is potentially valuable for deploying to low-memory devices.
Quartic oscillator potential in the γ-rigid regime of the collective geometrical model
Creators: name: Budaca, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A prolate $γ$-rigid version of the Bohr-Mottelson Hamiltonian with a quartic anharmonic oscillator potential in $β$ collective shape variable is used to describe the spectra for a variety of vibrational-like nuclei. Speculating the exact separation between the two Euler angles and the $β$ variable, one arrives to a differential Schrödinger equation with a quartic anharmonic oscillator potential and a centrifugal-like barrier. The corresponding eigenvalue is approximated by an analytical formula depending only on a single parameter up to an overall scaling factor. The applicability of the model is discussed in connection to the existence interval of the free parameter which is limited by the accuracy of the approximation and by comparison to the predictions of the related $X(3)$ and $X(3)$-$β^{2}$ models. The model is applied to qualitatively describe the spectra for nine nuclei which exhibit near vibrational features.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
DEM and GIS analysis of geomorphic indices for evaluating tectonic activity of Phetchabun province
Creators: name: Tanapat Pichetsopon
Publisher: name: Department of Geology, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Terrain analysis, Geomorphic indices, Tectonic activities, Phetchabun province

description: Bulletin of Earth Sciences of Thailand (BEST), 12, 1, 14-Jan
Petrochemistry of granite from Takua Pit Thong area, Ratchaburi, Thailand
Creators: name: Karn Phountong
Publisher: name: Department of Geology, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Granite, Geochemistry, Thailand, Southeast Asian Tin Belt

description: Bulletin of Earth Sciences of Thailand (BEST), 12, 1, 15-29
Stratigraphy and Petrochemistry of Volcanic Rocks at Suwan Prospect, Phitsanulok Province, central Thailand
Creators: name: Tanad Soisa
Publisher: name: Department of Geology, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Suwan Prospect, Volcanic Facies, Geochemistry, Epithermal deposit.

description: Bulletin of Earth Sciences of Thailand (BEST), 12, 1, 30-48
Non-integer conformal dimensions for type IIA flux vacua
Creators: name: Quirant, Joan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the conformal dimensions of the would-be dual operators to the stabilized moduli for two non-supersymmetric DGKT vacua. For the first of them, related to the standard SUSY DGKT vacuum by $G_4=-G_4^{\text{SUSY}}$, we obtain integer conformal dimensions. For the second of them, which has a non-zero harmonic component in $G_2$, we obtain both integers and real numbers.
description: v2: minor corrections and references added; v1: 3 pages + appendix
MS-HLMO: Multi-scale Histogram of Local Main Orientation for Remote Sensing Image Registration
Creators: name: Gao, Chenzhong
name: Li, Wei
name: Tao, Ran
name: Du, Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-source image registration is challenging due to intensity, rotation, and scale differences among the images. Considering the characteristics and differences of multi-source remote sensing images, a feature-based registration algorithm named Multi-scale Histogram of Local Main Orientation (MS-HLMO) is proposed. Harris corner detection is first adopted to generate feature points. The HLMO feature of each Harris feature point is extracted on a Partial Main Orientation Map (PMOM) with a Generalized Gradient Location and Orientation Histogram-like (GGLOH) feature descriptor, which provides high intensity, rotation, and scale invariance. The feature points are matched through a multi-scale matching strategy. Comprehensive experiments on 17 multi-source remote sensing scenes demonstrate that the proposed MS-HLMO and its simplified version MS-HLMO$^+$ outperform other competitive registration algorithms in terms of effectiveness and generalization.
Systoles and diameters of hyperbolic surfaces
Creators: name: Balacheff, Florent
name: Despré, Vincent
name: Parlier, Hugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we explore the relationship between the systole and the diameter of closed hyperbolic orientable surfaces. We show that they satisfy a certain inequality, which can be used to deduce that their ratio has a (genus dependent) upper bound.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
The Furstenberg-Sárközy Theorem and Asymptotic Total Ergodicity Phenomena in Modular Rings
Creators: name: Bergelson, Vitaly
name: Best, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A05 (Primary) 11B13 (Secondary)

description: The Furstenberg-Sárközy theorem asserts that the difference set $E-E$ of a subset $E \subset \mathbb{N}$ with positive upper density intersects the image set of any polynomial $P \in \mathbb{Z}[n]$ for which $P(0)=0$. Furstenberg's approach relies on a correspondence principle and a polynomial version of the Poincaré recurrence theorem, which is derived from the ergodic-theoretic result that for any measure-preserving system $(X,\mathcal{B},μ,T)$ and set $A \in \mathcal{B}$ with $μ(A) > 0$, one has $c(A):= \lim_{N \to \infty} \frac{1}{N} \sum_{n=1}^N μ(A \cap T^{-P(n)}A) > 0.$ The limit $c(A)$ will have its optimal value of $μ(A)^2$ when $T$ is totally ergodic. Motivated by the possibility of new combinatorial applications, we define the notion of asymptotic total ergodicity in the setting of modular rings $\mathbb{Z}/N\mathbb{Z}$. We show that a sequence of modular rings $\mathbb{Z}/N_m\mathbb{Z}$, $m \in \mathbb{N},$ is asymptotically totally ergodic if and only if $\mathrm{lpf}(N_m)$, the least prime factor of $N_m$, grows to infinity. From this fact, we derive some combinatorial consequences, for example the following. Fix $δ\in (0,1]$ and a (not necessarily intersective) polynomial $Q \in \mathbb{Q}[n]$ such that $Q(\mathbb{Z}) \subseteq \mathbb{Z}$, and write $S = \{ Q(n) : n \in \mathbb{Z}/N\mathbb{Z}\}$. For any integer $N > 1$ with $\mathrm{lpf}(N)$ sufficiently large, if $A$ and $B$ are subsets of $\mathbb{Z}/N\mathbb{Z}$ such that $|A||B| \geq δN^2$, then $\mathbb{Z}/N\mathbb{Z} = A + B + S$.
description: 29 pages, update with referee's comments
Numerical simulations of a loop quantum cosmos: robustness of the quantum bounce and the validity of effective dynamics
Creators: name: Diener, Peter
name: Gupt, Brajesh
name: Singh, Parampreet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A key result of isotropic loop quantum cosmology is the existence of a quantum bounce which occurs when the energy density of the matter field approaches a universal maximum close to the Planck density. Though the bounce has been exhibited in various matter models, due to severe computational challenges some important questions have so far remained unaddressed. These include the demonstration of the bounce for widely spread states, its detailed properties for the states when matter field probes regions close to the Planck volume and the reliability of the continuum effective spacetime description in general. In this manuscript we rigorously answer these questions using the Chimera numerical scheme for the isotropic spatially flat model sourced with a massless scalar field. We show that as expected from an exactly solvable model, the quantum bounce is a generic feature of states even with a very wide spread, and for those which bounce much closer to the Planck volume. We perform a detailed analysis of the departures from the effective description and find some expected, and some surprising results. At a coarse level of description, the effective dynamics can be regarded as a good approximation to the underlying quantum dynamics unless the states correspond to small scalar field momenta, in which case they bounce closer to the Planck volume, or are very widely spread. Quantifying the amount of discrepancy between the quantum and the effective dynamics, we find that the departure between them depends in a subtle and non-monotonic way on the field momentum and different fluctuations. Interestingly, the departures are generically found to be such that the effective dynamics overestimates the spacetime curvature, and underestimates the volume at the bounce.
description: 47 pages, 26 figures; References updated. Minor changes to match the version published in CQG
Additional file 2 of A scoping review of the evidence for community-based dementia palliative care services and their related service activities
Creators: name: O’Connor, Niamh
name: Fox, Siobhan
name: Kernohan, W George
name: Drennan, Jonathan
name: Guerin, Suzanne
name: Murphy, Aileen
name: Timmons, Suzanne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Quality appraisal of included studies using the framework of Hawker et al. (2002).
Evidence for violations of Weak Cosmic Censorship in black hole collisions in higher dimensions
Creators: name: Andrade, Tomas
name: Figueras, Pau
name: Sperhake, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Black Holes
Classical Theories of Gravity
Spacetime Singularities

description: We study collisions of boosted rotating black holes in $D=6$ and 7 spacetime dimensions with a non-zero impact parameter. We find that there exists an open set of initial conditions such that the intermediate state of the collision is a black hole with a dumbbell-like horizon which is unstable to a local Gregory-Laflamme-type instability. We are able to provide convincing numerical evidence that the evolution of such an instability leads to a pinch off of the horizon in finite asymptotic time thus forming a naked singularity, as in similar unstable black holes. Since the black holes in the initial state are stable, this is the first genuinely generic evidence for the violation of the Weak Cosmic Censorship Conjecture in higher dimensional asymptotically flat spacetimes.
The Santaló point for the Holmes-Thompson boundary area
Creators: name: Balacheff, Florent
name: Solanes, Gil
name: Tzanev, Kroum
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 52A20, 52A40, 53C65. Secondary: 52A38

description: We explore the notion of Santaló point for the Holmes-Thompson boundary area of a convex body in a normed space. In the case where the norm is $C^1$, and in the case where unit ball and convex body coincide, we prove existence and uniqueness. When the normed space has a smooth positively curved unit ball, we exhibit a dual Santaló point expressed as an average of centroids of projections of the dual body.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures. We have added a new result to the paper showing that our previous uniqueness results hold without any regularity assumptions in case the two convex bodies B and K coincide. This is the content of the new Theorem 1.2
WearMask: Fast In-browser Face Mask Detection with Serverless Edge Computing for COVID-19
Creators: name: Wang, Zekun
name: Wang, Pengwei
name: Louis, Peter C.
name: Wheless, Lee E.
name: Huo, Yuankai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The COVID-19 epidemic has been a significant healthcare challenge in the United States. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), COVID-19 infection is transmitted predominately by respiratory droplets generated when people breathe, talk, cough, or sneeze. Wearing a mask is the primary, effective, and convenient method of blocking 80% of all respiratory infections. Therefore, many face mask detection and monitoring systems have been developed to provide effective supervision for hospitals, airports, publication transportation, sports venues, and retail locations. However, the current commercial face mask detection systems are typically bundled with specific software or hardware, impeding public accessibility. In this paper, we propose an in-browser serverless edge-computing based face mask detection solution, called Web-based efficient AI recognition of masks (WearMask), which can be deployed on any common devices (e.g., cell phones, tablets, computers) that have internet connections using web browsers, without installing any software. The serverless edge-computing design minimizes the extra hardware costs (e.g., specific devices or cloud computing servers). The contribution of the proposed method is to provide a holistic edge-computing framework of integrating (1) deep learning models (YOLO), (2) high-performance neural network inference computing framework (NCNN), and (3) a stack-based virtual machine (WebAssembly). For end-users, our web-based solution has advantages of (1) serverless edge-computing design with minimal device limitation and privacy risk, (2) installation free deployment, (3) low computing requirements, and (4) high detection speed. Our WearMask application has been launched with public access at facemask-detection.com.
Fractal and multifractal descriptors restore ergodicity broken by non-Gaussianity in time series
Creators: name: Kelty-Stephen, Damian G.
name: Mangalam, Madhur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ergodicity breaking is a challenge for biological and psychological sciences. Ergodicity is a necessary condition for linear causal modeling. Long-range correlations and non-Gaussianity characterizing various biological and psychological measurements break ergodicity routinely, threatening our capacity for causal modeling. Long-range correlations (e.g., in fractional Gaussian noise, a.k.a. "pink noise") break ergodicity--in raw Gaussian series, as well as in some but not all standard descriptors of variability, i.e., in coefficient of variation (CV) and root mean square (RMS) but not standard deviation (SD) for longer series. The present work demonstrates that progressive increases in non-Gaussianity conspire with long-range correlations to break ergodicity in SD for all series lengths. Meanwhile, explicitly encoding the cascade dynamics that can generate temporally correlated non-Gaussian noise offers a way to restore ergodicity to our causal models. Specifically, fractal and multifractal properties encode both scale-invariant power-law correlations and their variety, respectively, both of which features index the underlying cascade parameters. Fractal and multifractal descriptors of long-range correlated non-Gaussian processes show no ergodicity breaking and hence, provide a more stable explanation for the long-range correlated non-Gaussian form of biological and psychological processes. Fractal and multifractal descriptors offer a path to restoring ergodicity to causal modeling in these fields.
description: 33 pages, 11 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2202.01091
THE ROLE OF SMALL FARMS IN CREATING SOCIAL CAPITAL IN RURAL AREAS – CASE STUDIES FROM LITHUANIA, POLAND AND ROMANIA
Creators: name: KATARZYNA, SMĘDZIK-AMBROŻY
name: AGNIESZKA, SAPA
name: KATARZYNA, SMĘDZIK-AMBROŻY
name: AGNIESZKA, SAPA
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: social capital
subject: small farms
subject: Lithuania
subject: Poland
subject: Romania

description: Social capital is one of the most important factors influencing the development level. In the case of rural areas, it is important to determine its level in farms, because they are key factors influencing the development of these areas. The literature review shows that there are not many studies devoted to this subject from the perspective of smallholders in new member states of the European Union. Therefore, the objective of this article is to determine the social capital of small farmers in three selected countries of the European Union, i.e., Poland, Romania and Lithuania. Our study fills a research gap and provides a basis for further research. To achieve the aim of the study, the method of direct interviews with the owners of small farms in Poland, Lithuania, and Romania (20 farms from each country) was used. The interviews were conducted in 2020. The research shows that the participation of small farmers from Poland, Romania and Lithuania in social activities is low and at a comparable level in each of these countries. The main reason for the low participation of farmers in social activities is the workload. However, the social aspect of the impact of small farms cannot only be narrowed down to direct involvement in social life. It manifests itself primarily in the social functions performed by these farms, that is, cultivating customs, building social ties, reducing depopulation and increasing the vitality of the countryside.
Darboux Transformations for Orthogonal Differential Systems and Differential Galois Theory
Creators: name: Acosta-Humánez, Primitivo
name: Barkatou, Moulay
name: Sánchez-Cauce, Raquel
name: Weil, Jacques-Arthur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 12H05, 35Q40, 81Q60

description: Darboux developed an ingenious algebraic mechanism to construct infinite chains of ''integrable'' second-order differential equations as well as their solutions. After a surprisingly long time, Darboux's results were rediscovered and applied in many frameworks, for instance in quantum mechanics (where they provide useful tools for supersymmetric quantum mechanics), in soliton theory, Lax pairs and many other fields involving hierarchies of equations. In this paper, we propose a method which allows us to generalize the Darboux transformations algorithmically for tensor product constructions on linear differential equations or systems. We obtain explicit Darboux transformations for third-order orthogonal systems ($\mathfrak{so}(3, C_K)$ systems) as well as a framework to extend Darboux transformations to any symmetric power of $\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{C})$-systems. We introduce SUSY toy models for these tensor products, giving as an illustration the analysis of some shape invariant potentials. All results in this paper have been implemented and tested in the computer algebra system Maple.
Rotated Object Detection via Scale-invariant Mahalanobis Distance in Aerial Images
Creators: name: Wen, Siyang
name: Guo, Wei
name: Liu, Yi
name: Wu, Ruijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Rotated object detection in aerial images is a meaningful yet challenging task as objects are densely arranged and have arbitrary orientations. The eight-parameter (coordinates of box vectors) methods in rotated object detection usually use ln-norm losses (L1 loss, L2 loss, and smooth L1 loss) as loss functions. As ln-norm losses are mainly based on non-scale-invariant Minkowski distance, using ln-norm losses will lead to inconsistency with the detection metric rotational Intersection-over-Union (IoU) and training instability. To address the problems, we use Mahalanobis distance to calculate loss between the predicted and the target box vertices' vectors, proposing a new loss function called Mahalanobis Distance Loss (MDL) for eight-parameter rotated object detection. As Mahalanobis distance is scale-invariant, MDL is more consistent with detection metric and more stable during training than ln-norm losses. To alleviate the problem of boundary discontinuity like all other eight-parameter methods, we further take the minimum loss value to make MDL continuous at boundary cases. We achieve state-of-art performance on DOTA-v1.0 with the proposed method MDL. Furthermore, compared to the experiment that uses smooth L1 loss, we find that MDL performs better in rotated object detection.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Equilibrating dynamics in quenched Bose gases: characterizing multiple time regimes
Creators: name: Rancon, A.
name: Levin, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the physics of equilibration in ultracold atomic gases following a quench of the interaction parameter. We focus on the momentum distribution of the excitations, $n_{\mathbf k}$, and observe that larger ${\mathbf k}$ modes will equilibrate faster, as has been claimed in recent experimental work. We identify three time regimes. At short times $n_{\mathbf k}$ exhibits oscillations; these are damped out at intermediate times where the system appears to be in a false-equilibrium. Finally, at longer times, full equilibration occurs. This false-equilibrium is associated with the necessarily slower relaxation of the condensate which sufficiently high ${\mathbf k}$-states (of the excitation response) will then quasi-adiabatically follow. Our work bears on the recent literature focus on interaction quench experiments. We take issue with the fact that theories to date assume that the oscillatory regime is adequate for addressing experiments.
description: v2: major rewriting, 6 pages, 3 figures
Optimal navigation of microswimmers in complex and noisy environments
Creators: name: Piro, Lorenzo
name: Mahault, Benoît
name: Golestanian, Ramin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We design new navigation strategies for travel time optimization of microscopic self-propelled particles in complex and noisy environments. In contrast to strategies relying on the results of optimal control theory, these protocols allow for semi-autonomous navigation as they do not require control over the microswimmer motion via external feedback loops. Although the strategies we propose rely on simple principles, they show arrival time statistics strikingly similar to those obtained from stochastic optimal control theory, as well as performances that are robust to environmental changes and strong fluctuations. These features, as well as their applicability to more general optimization problems, make these strategies promising candidates for the realization of optimized semi-autonomous navigation.
A splitting semi-implicit method for stochastic incompressible Euler equations on $\mathbb T^2$
Creators: name: Hong, Jialin
name: Sheng, Derui
name: Zhou, Tau
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The main difficulty in studying numerical method for stochastic evolution equations (SEEs) lies in the treatment of the time discretization (J. Printems. [ESAIM Math. Model. Numer. Anal. (2001)]). Although fruitful results on numerical approximations for SEEs have been developed, as far as we know, none of them include that of stochastic incompressible Euler equations. To bridge this gap, this paper proposes and analyses a splitting semi-implicit method in temporal direction for stochastic incompressible Euler equations on torus $\mathbb{T}^2$ driven by an additive noise. By a Galerkin approximation and the fixed point technique, we establish the unique solvability of the proposed method. Based on the regularity estimates of both exact and numerical solutions, we measure the error in $L^2(\mathbb{T}^2)$ and show that the pathwise convergence order is nearly $\frac{1}{2}$ and the convergence order in probability is almost $1$.
Data and code corresponding to lipidomics dataset 1 (Phadnis et al., 2023)
Creators: name: Phadnis, Vaishnavi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Lipidomics dataset 1: OVCAR-8 NT sg, OVCAR-8 MMD KO, 786-O NT sg, 786-O MMD KO. Code to narrow down lipids of interest: ReanalyzedLipidomicsDataFiltering_CustomCriteria_FORPUBLICATION.R Code to generate heatmap and numbers for pie charts: Lipidomics_Summer2021Dataset_Figure3HeatmapAndPieChartsForRevisions_FORPUBLICATION.R All raw data: WH Job 2271 4.2.2.7 mergeResult from Kayla 20210803.xlsx Data after filtering out irrelevant species: Reanalyzed_CustomCriteria.xlsx Normalized values: RawData_NormWithoutTGChE.txt Fold changes and P values: NormWithoutTGChE.txt
Screening Clouds and Majorana Fermions
Creators: name: Affleck, Ian
name: Giuliano, Domenico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ken Wilson developed the Numerical Renormalization Group technique which greatly enhanced our understanding of the Kondo effect and other quantum impurity problems. Wilson's NRG also inspired Philippe Nozieres to propose the idea of a large "Kondo screening cloud". While much theoretical evidence has accumulated for this idea it has remained somewhat controversial and has not yet been confirmed experimentally. Recently a new possibility for observing an analogous crossover length scale has emerged, involving a Majorana fermion localized at the interface between a topological superconductor quantum wire and a normal wire. We give an overview of this topic both with and without interactions included in the normal wire.
description: for a special issue of J. Stat. Phys. in memory of Kenneth G. Wilson. More discussion of connection with previous results and 1 new figure added; other figures improved
O processo do amparador na conscienciologia usando: Ergonomia para trabalhar a Autodepuração em uma pessoa nível financeiro Classe Média de nível evolutivo Pré-consciência
Creators: name: Brandl, Edenilson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: amparador
conscienciologia
Ergonomia
Autodepuração

description: No processo do amparador na conscienciologia, a ergonomia pode ser aplicada para trabalhar a autodepuração em indivíduos de classe média com nível evolutivo de pré-consciência.
Neglected heavy leptons at the LHC
Creators: name: Holdom, B.
name: Ratzlaff, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New heavy leptons with standard model gauge couplings have well determined cross sections for pair production. A standard pattern of mass mixing implies that the most likely decays are $τ^\prime\to W ν'$ and $ ν'\to W τ$. Interestingly there have been no direct searches for heavy leptons with these decays at the LHC. However comparison with several multi-lepton searches allow us to set new limits on the heavy lepton masses. Three observed excesses in the signal regions prevent us from setting stronger limits.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, published version
$p$-adic L-functions via local-global interpolation: the case of ${\rm GL}_2 \times {\rm GU}(1)$
Creators: name: Disegni, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F67, 11F33

description: Let $F$ be a totally real field and let $E/F$ be a CM quadratic extension. We construct a $p$-adic $L$-function attached to Hida families for the group ${\rm GL}_{2/F}\times {\rm Res}_{E/F}{\rm GL}_{1}$. It is characterised by an exact interpolation property for critical Rankin-Selberg $L$-values, at classical points corresponding to representations $π\boxtimes χ$ with the weights of $χ$ smaller than the weights of$π$. Our $p$-adic $L$-function agrees with previous results of Hida when $E/F$ splits above $p$ or $F=\mathbf{Q}$, and it is new otherwise. Exploring a method that should bear further fruits, we build it as a ratio of families of global and local Waldspurger zeta integrals, the latter constructed using the local Langlands correspondence in families. In an appendix of possibly independent recreational interest, we give a reality-TV-inspired proof of an identity concerning double factorials.
description: New title highlighting the methods. Final version, to appear in Canad. J. Math. 40 pages
Study of general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic accretion flow around black holes
Creators: name: Mitra, Samik
name: Maity, Debaprasad
name: Dihingia, Indu Kalpa
name: Das, Santabrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel approach to study the global structure of steady, axisymmetric, advective, geometrically thin, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) accretion flow around black holes in full general relativity (GR). Considering ideal MHD conditions and relativistic equation of state (REoS), we solve the governing equations to obtain all possible smooth global accretion solutions. We examine the dynamical and thermodynamical properties of accreting matter in terms of the flow parameters, namely energy (${\cal E}$), angular momentum (${\cal L}$), and local magnetic fields. For a thin GRMHD flow, we observe that toroidal component ($b^ϕ$) of the magnetic fields generally dominates over radial component ($b^r$) at the disk equatorial plane. This evidently suggests that toroidal magnetic field indeed plays important role in regulating the disk dynamics. We further notice that the disk remains mostly gas pressure ($p_{\rm gas}$) dominated ($β= p_{\rm gas}/p_{\rm mag} > 1$, $p_{\rm mag}$ refers magnetic pressure) except at the near horizon region, where magnetic fields become dynamically important ($β\sim 1$). We observe that Maxwell stress is developed that eventually yields angular momentum transport inside the disk. Towards this, we calculate the viscosity parameter ($α$) that appears to be radially varying. In addition, we examine the underlying scaling relation between $α$ and $β$, which clearly distinguishes two domains coexisted along the radial extent of the disk. Finally, we discuss the utility of the present formalism in the realm of GRMHD simulation studies.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, Accepted in MNRAS
On the heterogeneous distortion inequality
Creators: name: Kangasniemi, Ilmari
name: Onninen, Jani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30C65 (Primary) 35B53, 35R45, 53C21 (Secondary)

description: We study Sobolev mappings $f \in W_{\mathrm{loc}}^{1,n} (\mathbb{R}^n, \mathbb{R}^n)$, $n \ge 2$, that satisfy the heterogeneous distortion inequality \[\left|Df(x)\right|^n \leq K J_f(x) + σ^n(x) \left|f(x)\right|^n\] for almost every $x \in \mathbb{R}^n$. Here $K \in [1, \infty)$ is a constant and $σ\geq 0$ is a function in $L^n_{\mathrm{loc}}(\mathbb{R}^n)$. Although we recover the class of $K$-quasiregular mappings when $σ\equiv 0$, the theory of arbitrary solutions is significantly more complicated, partly due to the unavailability of a robust degree theory for non-quasiregular solutions. Nonetheless, we obtain a Liouville-type theorem and the sharp Hölder continuity estimate for all solutions, provided that $σ\in L^{n-\varepsilon}(\mathbb{R}^n) \cap L^{n+\varepsilon}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ for some $\varepsilon >0$. This gives an affirmative answer to a question of Astala, Iwaniec and Martin.
Essays on the economic determinants of health and well-being
Creators: name: Costi, Chiara
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2023

description: This thesis provides an in-depth analysis of socioeconomic determinants of individuals’ health and well-being in three key moments of their lives. It contains three pieces of applied work, with each chapter investigating a different longitudinal data set (representative of the US, UK and European populations) while employing several econometric techniques (standard and multiple time periods difference-indifferences models, instrumental variable approaches, structural equation models, propensity score matching and factor analysis). Introduction and conclusions of the thesis are presented in chapter 1 and chapter 4, respectively. Chapter 2 explores the effect of parental socioeconomic status and risky health behaviours on offspring’s infant health. To identify such effects, an intergenerational instrumental variable approach is employed, using grandparents’ education and smoking behaviour as instruments for parental characteristics. The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health) is analysed, which contains information on three generations followed over time. Chapter 3 looks at a later life stage (adulthood) investigating the impact of providing informal care on caregivers’ mental health during COVID-19. The UK Household Longitudinal Study (Understanding Society) is analysed, employing a mixture of traditional and novel difference-in-differences models combined with matching. Chapter 4 is a methodological work assessing the performance of multiple-item scale scores formed with different weighting structures (i.e. composite indices and latent variables), while exploring correlations between socioeconomic factors and quality of life in older adulthood. Structural equation modelling is employed on data drawn from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The objective of this thesis is to explore socioeconomic factors which affect health and well-being during key periods of individual life-cycle, i.e. childhood, adulthood and older adulthood. This thesis aims at contributing to the literature focused on socioeconomic determinants of health and well-being, employing longitudinal data together with econometric and causal inference methods. The results found in this thesis will inform policymakers to promote timely investments targeting socioeconomic factors enhancing people’s health and well-being in order to create (and maintain) a better functioning and healthier society.
$^{22}$Na Activation Level Measurements of Fused Silica Rods in the LHC Target Absorber for Neutrals (TAN) Compared to FLUKA Simulations
Creators: name: Yang, S.
name: Gilarte, M. Sabate
name: Tate, A.
name: Santiago, N.
name: Longo, R.
name: Mazzoni, S.
name: Cerutti, F.
name: Bravin, E.
name: Perdekamp, M. Grosse
name: Lerner, G.
name: Prelipcean, D.
name: Citron, Z.
name: Cole, B.
name: Jackobsen, S.
name: Kaminski, M. D.
name: Koeth, T.
name: Lantz, C.
name: MacLean, D.
name: Mignerey, A.
name: Murray, M.
name: Palm, M.
name: Phipps, M.
name: Steinberg, P.
name: Tsinganis, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Target Absorbers for Neutrals (TANs) are located in a high-intensity radiation environment inside the tunnel of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). TANs are positioned about $140$ m downstream from the beam interaction points. Seven $40$ cm long fused silica rods with different dopant specifications were irradiated in the TAN by the Beam RAte of Neutrals (BRAN) detector group during $p$+$p$ data taking from 2016 to 2018 at the LHC. The peak dose delivered to the fused silica rods was $18$ MGy. We report measurements of the $^{22}$Na activation of the fused silica rods carried out at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and Argonne National Laboratory. At the end of the irradiation campaign, the maximum $^{22}$Na activity observed was $A=21$ kBq$/{\rm cm^3}$ corresponding to a density, $ρ= 2.5\times 10^{12} /{\rm cm^3}$, of $^{22}$Na nuclei. FLUKA Monte Carlo simulations have been performed by the CERN FLUKA team to estimate $^{22}$Na activities for the irradiated BRAN rod samples. The simulations reproduce the $^{22}$Na activity profile measured along the rods, with a 35% underestimation of the experimental measurement results.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures, to be submitted to PRAB
DIFFERENTIATION OF FOOD PRICES BETWEEN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES
Creators: name: IWONA, SZCZEPANIAK
name: IWONA, SZCZEPANIAK
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: prices
subject: food
subject: dispersion
subject: convergence
subject: European Union

description: Poland’s accession to the European Union and the related opening of the Polish economy increased its dependence on global and regional phenomena. Domestic prices of food products began to be influenced by, among others, prices on external markets, mainly on the EU market. Phenomena characteristic of economic integration also occurred in other “new” Member States. The aim of the article is to present the differentiation of food prices between European Union countries, with particular emphasis on the process of convergence of prices, and to evaluate the competitive advantages of Polish producers on the EU food market. A comparative analysis of food prices was carried out for 27 EU Member States, additionally broken down into “old” and “new” EU Member States. The study covered the years 2010- 2020. Eurostat data was the source of information. The method of descriptive and comparative statistics was used to evaluate the collected research material. As a result of the conducted analyzes, it was found that there is a large differentiation in food prices between individual countries of the European Union and the prices are clearly higher in “old” than “new” Member States. However, along with the progressing economic integration of individual markets with the EU market, there is a gradual alignment of domestic prices with EU prices. It was also shown that Polish food producers still had significant price advantages over competitors from other Member States. The ongoing process of food price convergence in the EU means, however, that they should actively seek new sources of competitive advantage.
Low-mass galaxy formation and the ionizing photon budget during reionization
Creators: name: Duffy, Alan R.
name: Wyithe, J. Stuart B.
name: Mutch, Simon J.
name: Poole, Gregory B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use high-resolution simulations of cosmological volumes to model galaxy formation at high-redshift, with the goal of studying the photon budget for reionization. We demonstrate that galaxy formation models that include a strong, thermally coupled supernovae scheme reproduce current observations of star formation rates and specific star formation rates, both during and after the reionization era. These models produce enough UV photons to sustain reionization at z<8 (z<6) through a significant population of faint, unobserved, galaxies for an assumed escape fraction of 20% (5%). This predicted population is consistent with extrapolation of the faint end of observed UV luminosity functions. We find that heating from a global UV/X-ray background after reionization causes a dip in the total global star formation rate density in galaxies below the current observational threshold. Finally, while the currently observed specific star formation rates are incapable of differentiating between supernovae feedback models, sufficiently deep observations will be able to use this diagnostic in the future to investigate galaxy formation at high redshift.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, 1 table. MNRAS accepted, changed to reflect published version
New Constraints on Dark Matter Effective Theories from Standard Model Loops
Creators: name: Crivellin, Andreas
name: D'Eramo, Francesco
name: Procura, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an effective field theory for a gauge singlet Dirac dark matter (DM) particle interacting with the Standard Model (SM) fields via effective operators suppressed by the scale $Λ\gtrsim 1$ TeV. We perform a systematic analysis of the leading loop contributions to spin-independent (SI) DM--nucleon scattering using renormalization group evolution between $Λ$ and the low-energy scale probed by direct detection experiments. We find that electroweak interactions induce operator mixings such that operators that are naively velocity-suppressed and spin-dependent can actually contribute to SI scattering. This allows us to put novel constraints on Wilson coefficients that were so far poorly bounded by direct detection. Constraints from current searches are comparable to LHC bounds, and will significantly improve in the near future. Interestingly, the loop contribution we find is maximally isospin violating even if the underlying theory is isospin conserving.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. v2: revised manuscript, updated formulas and plots, improved bounds, references added, journal version