cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Numerical studies of the Pfaffian model of the nu=5/2 fractional quantum Hall effect
Creators: name: Toke, Csaba
name: Regnault, Nicolas
name: Jain, Jainendra K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Pfaffian model has been proposed for the fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) at nu=5/2. We examine it for the quasihole excitations by comparison with exact diagonalization results. Specifically, we consider the structure of the low-energy spectrum, accuracy of the microscopic wave functions, particle-hole symmetry, splitting of the degeneracies, and off-diagonal long range order. We also review how the 5/2 FQHE can be understood without appealing to the Pfaffian model. Implications for nonabelian braiding statistics will be mentioned.
description: one column removed from Table II. Solid State Communications, in press
Possible non-thermal nature of the soft-excess emission in the cluster of galaxies Sersic 159-03
Creators: name: Werner, N.
name: Kaastra, J. S.
name: Takei, Y.
name: Lieu, R.
name: Vink, J.
name: Tamura, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of new Suzaku data and archival data from XMM-Newton of the cluster of galaxies Sersic 159-03, which has a strong soft X-ray excess emission component. The Suzaku observation confirms the presence of the soft excess emission, but it does not confirm the presence of redshifted OVII lines in the cluster. Radial profiles and 2D maps derived from XMM-Newton observations show that the soft excess emission has a strong peak at the position of the central cD galaxy and the maps do not show any significant azimuthal variations. Although the soft excess emission can be fitted equally well with both thermal and non-thermal models, its spatial distribution is neither consistent with the models of intercluster warm-hot filaments, nor with models of clumpy warm intracluster gas associated with infalling groups. Using the data obtained by the XMM-Newton Reflection Grating Spectrometers we do not confirm the presence of the warm gas in the cluster centre with the expected properties assuming the soft excess is of thermal origin. The observed properties of the soft excess emission are consistent with the non-thermal interpretation. While the high density of relativistic electrons associated with the peak of the soft emission in the cluster centre might have been provided by an active galactic nucleus in the central cD galaxy, the underlying population might have been accelerated in diffuse shocks.
description: to appear in A&A
The XFaster Power Spectrum and Likelihood Estimator for the Analysis of Cosmic Microwave Background Maps
Creators: name: Gambrel, A. E.
name: Rahlin, A. S.
name: Song, X.
name: Contaldi, C. R.
name: Ade, P. A. R.
name: Amiri, M.
name: Benton, S. J.
name: Bergman, A. S.
name: Bihary, R.
name: Bock, J. J.
name: Bond, J. R.
name: Bonetti, J. A.
name: Bryan, S. A.
name: Chiang, H. C.
name: Duivenvoorden, A. J.
name: Eriksen, H. K.
name: Farhang, M.
name: Filippini, J. P.
name: Fraisse, A. A.
name: Freese, K.
name: Galloway, M.
name: Gandilo, N. N.
name: Gualtieri, R.
name: Gudmundsson, J. E.
name: Halpern, M.
name: Hartley, J.
name: Hasselfield, M.
name: Hilton, G.
name: Holmes, W.
name: Hristov, V. V.
name: Huang, Z.
name: Irwin, K. D.
name: Jones, W. C.
name: Karakci, A.
name: Kuo, C. L.
name: Kermish, Z. D.
name: Leung, J. S. -Y.
name: Li, S.
name: Mak, D. S. Y.
name: Mason, P. V.
name: Megerian, K.
name: Moncelsi, L.
name: Morford, T. A.
name: Nagy, J. M.
name: Netterfield, C. B.
name: Nolta, M.
name: O'Brient, R.
name: Osherson, B.
name: Padilla, I. L.
name: Racine, B.
name: Reintsema, C.
name: Ruhl, J. E.
name: Ruud, T. M.
name: Shariff, J. A.
name: Shaw, E. C.
name: Shiu, C.
name: Soler, J. D.
name: Trangsrud, A.
name: Tucker, C.
name: Tucker, R. S.
name: Turner, A. D.
name: van der List, J. F.
name: Weber, A. C.
name: Wehus, I. K.
name: Wen, S.
name: Wiebe, D. V.
name: Young, E. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the XFaster analysis package. XFaster is a fast, iterative angular power spectrum estimator based on a diagonal approximation to the quadratic Fisher matrix estimator. XFaster uses Monte Carlo simulations to compute noise biases and filter transfer functions and is thus a hybrid of both Monte Carlo and quadratic estimator methods. In contrast to conventional pseudo-$C_\ell$ based methods, the algorithm described here requires a minimal number of simulations, and does not require them to be precisely representative of the data to estimate accurate covariance matrices for the bandpowers. The formalism works with polarization-sensitive observations and also data sets with identical, partially overlapping, or independent survey regions. The method was first implemented for the analysis of BOOMERanG data, and also used as part of the Planck analysis. Here, we describe the full, publicly available analysis package, written in Python, as developed for the analysis of data from the 2015 flight of the SPIDER instrument. The package includes extensions for self-consistently estimating null spectra and for estimating fits for Galactic foreground contributions. We show results from the extensive validation of XFaster using simulations, and its application to the SPIDER data set.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
Quenched lattice calculation of semileptonic heavy-light meson form factors
Creators: name: de Divitiis, G. M.
name: Petronzio, R.
name: Tantalo, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate, in the continuum limit of quenched lattice QCD, the matrix elements of the heavy-heavy vector current between heavy-light pseudoscalar meson states. We present the form factors for different values of the initial and final meson masses at finite momentum transfer. In particular, we calculate the non-perturbative correction to the differential decay rate of the process B --> D l nu including the case of a non-vanishing lepton mass.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, version accepted for publication on JHEP
Geometric phase of an atom inside an adiabatic radio frequency potential
Creators: name: Zhang, P.
name: You, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the geometric phase of an atom inside an adiabatic radio frequency (rf) potential created from a static magnetic field (B-field) and a time dependent rf field. The spatial motion of the atomic center of mass is shown to give rise to a geometric phase, or Berry's phase, to the adiabatically evolving atomic hyperfine spin along the local B-field. This phase is found to depend on both the static B-field along the semi-classical trajectory of the atomic center of mass and an ``effective magnetic field'' of the total B-field, including the oscillating rf field. Specific calculations are provided for several recent atom interferometry experiments and proposals utilizing adiabatic rf potentials.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. A
Stochastic Model of Lignocellulosic Material Saccharification
Creators: name: Behle, Eric
name: Raguin, Adélaïde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The processing of agricultural wastes towards extraction of renewable resources is recently being considered as a promising alternative to conventional biofuel production processes. Agricultural residues represent an abundant and unexploited raw material that intrinsically contains chemical energy in the form of polysaccharides. The degradation procedure is a complex chemical process that is currently time intensive and costly. Various pre-treatment methods are being investigated to determine the subsequent modification of the material and the main obstacles in increasing the enzymatic saccharification yield. In this study, we present a computational model that complements the experimental approaches. We decipher how the three-dimensional structure of the substrate impacts the saccharification yield. We model a cell wall microfibril composed of cellulose and surrounded by hemicellulose and lignin, with various relative abundances and arrangements. This substrate is subjected to digestion by different enzyme cocktails of well characterized enzymes. The saccharification dynamics is mimicked \textit{in silico} using a stochastic simulation procedure based on a Gillespie algorithm. As we additionally implement a fitting procedure that optimizes the parameters of the simulation runs, we are able to reproduce experimental saccharification time courses for corn stover. Our results challenge the hypothesis of hemicellulose content being a substantial factor in saccharification yield, and instead propose the crystallinity of the substrate having a much higher impact.
Essential role of anisotropic magnetic dipole in anomalous Hall effect
Creators: name: Hayami, Satoru
name: Kusunose, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the anomalous Hall effect (AHE) that requires neither a net magnetization nor an external magnetic field in collinear antiferromagnets. We show that such an emergent AHE is essentially caused by a ferroic ordering of the anisotropic magnetic dipole (AMD), which provides an effective coupling between ordered magnetic moments and electronic motion in the crystal. We demonstrate that the AMD is naturally induced by the antiferromagnetic ordering, in which the magnetic moments have a quadrupole spatial distribution. In view of the ferroic AMD ordering, we analyze the behavior of the AHE in the orthorhombic lattice system, where the AHE is largely enhanced by the large coupling between the AMD and the spin-orbit interaction. From these findings, the AMD can be used as a descriptor in general to investigate the ferromagnetic-related physical quantities in antiferromagnets including noncollinear ones, which is detectable by using the x-ray magneto-circular dichroism.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Lattice Refining LQC and the Matter Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Nelson, William
name: Sakellariadou, Mairi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of loop quantum cosmology, we parametrise the lattice refinement by a parameter, $A$, and the matter Hamiltonian by a parameter, $δ$. We then solve the Hamiltonian constraint for both a self-adjoint, and a non-self-adjoint Hamiltonian operator. Demanding that the solutions for the wave-functions obey certain physical restrictions, we impose constraints on the two-dimensional, $(A,δ)$, parameter space, thereby restricting the types of matter content that can be supported by a particular lattice refinement model.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, revtex style; amended version to match publication in Phys. Rev. D
Floquet prethermalization with lifetime exceeding 90s in a bulk hyperpolarized solid
Creators: name: Beatrez, William
name: Janes, Otto
name: Akkiraju, Amala
name: Pillai, Arjun
name: Oddo, Alexander
name: Reshetikhin, Paul
name: Druga, Emanuel
name: McAllister, Maxwell
name: Elo, Mark
name: Gilbert, Benjamin
name: Suter, Dieter
name: Ajoy, Ashok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of long-lived Floquet prethermal states in a bulk solid composed of dipolar-coupled $^{13}$C nuclei in diamond at room temperature. For precessing nuclear spins prepared in an initial transverse state, we demonstrate pulsed spin-lock Floquet control that prevents their decay over multiple-minute long periods. We observe Floquet prethermal lifetimes $T_2'\approx$90.9s, extended >60,000-fold over the nuclear free induction decay times. The spins themselves are continuously interrogated for $\sim$10min, corresponding to the application of $\approx$5.8M control pulses. The $^{13}$C nuclei are optically hyperpolarized by lattice Nitrogen Vacancy (NV) centers; the combination of hyperpolarization and continuous spin readout yields significant signal-to-noise in the measurements. This allows probing the Floquet thermalization dynamics with unprecedented clarity. We identify four characteristic regimes of the thermalization process, discerning short-time transient processes leading to the prethermal plateau, and long-time system heating towards infinite temperature. This work points to new opportunities possible via Floquet control in networks of dilute, randomly distributed, low-sensitivity nuclei. In particular, the combination of minutes-long prethermal lifetimes and continuous spin interrogation opens avenues for quantum sensors constructed from hyperpolarized Floquet prethermal nuclei.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures. SI: 2 pages, 4 figures
The Transition from the First Stars to the Second Stars in the Early Universe
Creators: name: Smith, Britton D.
name: Sigurdsson, Steinn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe a sharp transition from a singular, high-mass mode of star formation, to a low-mass dominated mode, in numerical simulations, at a metallicity of 10^-3 Zsolar. We incorporate a new method for including the radiative cooling from metals into adaptive mesh-refinement hydrodynamic simulations. Our results illustrate how metals, produced by the first stars, led to a transition from the high-mass star formation mode of Pop III stars, to the low-mass mode that dominates today. We ran hydrodynamic simulations with cosmological initial conditions in the standard LambdaCDM model, with metallicities, from zero to 10^-2 Zsolar, beginnning at redshift, z = 99. The simulations were run until a dense core forms at the center of a 5 x 10^5 Msolar dark matter halo, at z ~ 18. Analysis of the central 1 Msolar core reveals that the two simulations with the lowest metallicities, Z = 0 and 10^-4 Zsolar, contain one clump with 99% of the mass, while the two with metallicities, Z = 10^-3 and 10^-2 Zsolar, each contain two clumps that share most of the mass. The Z = 10^-3 Zsolar simulation also produced two low-mass proto-stellar objects with masses between 10^-2 and 10^-1 Msolar. Gas with Z >= 10^-3 Zsolar is able to cool to the temperature of the CMB, which sets a lower limit to the minimum fragmentation mass. This suggests that the second generation stars produced a spectrum of lower mass stars, but were still more massive on average than stars formed in the local universe.
description: 13 pages, 3 color figures, 1 table, submitted to ApJL
Weak$^{\ast }$ Hypertopologies with Application to Genericity of Convex Sets
Creators: name: Bru, J. -B.
name: Pedra, W. de Siqueira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 54B20, 46A03, 52A07, 46A55

description: We propose a new class of hypertopologies, called here weak$^{\ast }$ hypertopologies, on the dual space $\mathcal{X}^{\ast }$ of a real or complex topological vector space $\mathcal{X}$. The most well-studied and well-known hypertopology is the one associated with the Hausdorff metric for closed sets in a complete metric space. Therefore, we study in detail its corresponding weak$^{\ast }$ hypertopology, constructed from the Hausdorff distance on the field (i.e. $\mathbb{R}$ or $\mathbb{C}$) of the vector space $\mathcal{X}$ and named here the weak$^{\ast }$-Hausdorff hypertopology. It has not been considered so far and we show that it can have very interesting mathematical connections with other mathematical fields, in particular with mathematical logics. We explicitly demonstrate that weak$^{\ast }$ hypertopologies are very useful and natural structures\ by using again the weak$^{\ast }$-Hausdorff hypertopology in order to study generic convex weak$^{\ast }$-compact sets in great generality. We show that convex weak$^{\ast }$-compact sets have generically weak$^{\ast }$-dense set of extreme points in infinite dimensions. An extension of the well-known Straszewicz theorem to Gateaux-differentiability (non necessarily Banach) spaces is also proven in the scope of this application.
description: In press. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2009.04969
Observation and Mass Measurement of the Baryon $Ξ^-_b$
Creators: name: Aaltonen, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation and measurement of the mass of the bottom, strange baryon $Ξ^-_b$ through the decay chain $Ξ^-_b \to J/ψΞ^-$, where $J/ψ\to μ^+ μ^-$, $Ξ^- \to Λπ^-$, and $Λ\to p π^-$. Evidence for observation is based on a signal whose probability of arising from the estimated background is 6.6 x 10^{-15}, or 7.7 Gaussian standard deviations. The $Ξ^-_b$ mass is measured to be $5792.9\pm 2.5$ (stat.) $\pm 1.7$ (syst.) MeV/$c^2$.
description: Minor text changes for the second version. Accepted by Phys. Rev. Lett
The purification and characterization of two cellulose-binding, glycosylated cellulases from the bacterium Cellulomonas fimi
Creators: name: Langsford, Maureen Lynn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Cellulomonas fimi secretes several cellulase activities as well as protease activity into the culture medium. In contrast, few activities are bound to the cellulose in the culture. To characterize the cellulase system and to Identify cloned gene products, it was necessary to purify native, intact cellulases. We hypothesized that the cellulose-bound cellulases would be protected from proteolysis, and therefore represent the intact enzymes. Two cellulases were purified from Cellulomonas fimi. Avicel was recovered from cultures and the proteins were eluted from it with guanidine-HCl (Gdn-HCl). The Gdn-HCl extract was fractionated by Concanavalin A-Sepharose affinity column chromatography and by Mono Q anion exchange column chromatography. The cellulases purified by this procedure were an endoglucanase, EngA, and an exoglucanase, Exg. The purified enzymes were characterized. EngA has Mr 57,000, pi 8.2, and is 10 % mannose by weight. Exg has Mv 56,000, pi 5.8, and is 8 % mannose by weight. Two recombinant DNA plasmids were identified as encoding EngA and Exg. The recombinant gene products were not glycosylated. The role of glycosylation was studied by comparing some properties of the recombinant EngA and Exg with the native EngA and Exg. Both glycosylated and unglycosylated forms bound to Avicel. Sensitivity to the C. fimi protease was also compared. The glycosylated enzymes were protected from proteolysis when bound to cellulose. In contrast, the unglycosylated forms were processed to yield active, truncated products with greatly reduced affinity for cellulose. The cleavage site was predicted based on size of the products and reactivity with anti-PT serum. The N-terminal region of EngA and the C-terminal of Exg show 50 % conservation of sequence (Warren et al., 1986). This region appears to be the cellulose-binding domain and is not required for the hydrolysis of soluble substrates. The C. fimi protease can partially degrade glycosylated EngA when it is not bound to cellulose. Some of the multiple CMCase activities in culture supernatants are derived from EngA by partial proteolysis.
Super Star Cluster Velocity Dispersions and Virial Masses in the M82 Nuclear Starburst
Creators: name: McCrady, Nate
name: Graham, James R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use high-resolution near-infrared spectroscopy from Keck Observatory to measure the stellar velocity dispersions of 19 super star clusters (SSCs) in the nuclear starburst of M82. The clusters have ages on the order of 10 Myr, which is many times longer than the crossing times implied by their velocity dispersions and radii. We therefore apply the Virial Theorem to derive the kinematic mass for 15 of the SSCs. The SSCs have masses of 2 x 10^5 to 4 x 10^6 solar masses, with a total population mass of 1.4 x 10^7 solar masses. Comparison of the loci of the young M82 SSCs and old Milky Way globular clusters in a plot of radius versus velocity dispersion suggests that the SSCs are a population of potential globular clusters. We present the mass function for the SSCs, and find a power law fit with an index of gamma = -1.91 +/- 0.06. This result is nearly identical to the mass function of young SSCs in the Antennae galaxies.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, ApJ accepted
CURRENT STATUS OF OPEN ACCESS (OA) PUBLISHING IN INDIA: ANALYSIS OF SCOPUS DATA
Creators: name: Rangaswamy
name: Dr. Rajendra, Babu, H
Publisher: name: ZAP Journal
Year: 2024
Subjects: Current Status of OA in India, Scopus Database, OA Publishing

description: The present study aims to determine the current status of open-access publishing in India in terms of the number of publications (articles), annual growth, organizations, major subject areas, countries, and major journals. This study used Scopus data as the source database and retrieved the records of open-access (OA) and non-open-access (NOA) articles published from 2014 to 2023. According to Scopus database records, only 0.73% of India’s open-access literature contributed to the global open-access literature in the past ten years (2014-2023). The annual growth of open-access literature rapidly increased from 36.26% to 51.27% across the globe. India was found to have increased by 9.58%. Based on Scopus data, India ranks 12th globally in open-access publishing. The United States of America (the USA, China, the United Kingdom (UK), and Germany) are at the top in terms of open-access publishing, with India placing twelfth. The Indian Institute of Science (IISc.), 2.31%; the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) 2.01%, and Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), 1.83% of open-access literature produced in India. Overall, most open-access articles are published on medicine, biology, chemistry, and engineering topics across the world. Plose One, Scientific Reports, and IEEE Access journals are involved in publishing open-access literature
The few scales of nuclei and nuclear matter
Creators: name: Delfino, A.
name: Frederico, T.
name: Timoteo, V. S.
name: Tomio, Lauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The well-known correlations of low-energy three and four-nucleon observables with a typical three-nucleon scale (e.g., the Tjon line) is extended to light nuclei and nuclear matter. Evidence for the scaling between light nuclei binding energies and the triton one are pointed out. We argue that the saturation energy and density of nuclear matter are correlated to the triton binding energy. The available systematic nuclear matter calculations indicate a possible band structure representing these correlations.
Energy conversion from heat to electricity by highly reversible phase-transforming ferroelectrics
Creators: name: Zhang, Chenbo
name: Zeng, Zhuohui
name: Zhu, Zeyuan
name: Tamura, Nobumichi
name: Chen, Xian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searching for performant multiferroic materials attracts general research interests in energy science as they have been increasingly exploited as the conversion media among thermal, electric, magnetic and mechanical energies by using their temperature-dependent ferroic properties. Here we report a material development strategy that guides us to discover a reversible phase-transforming ferroelectric material exhibiting enduring energy harvesting from small temperature differences. The material satisfies the crystallographic compatibility condition between polar and nonpolar phases, which shows only 2.5C thermal hysteresis and high figure of merit. It stably generates 15uA electricity in consecutive thermodynamic cycles in absence of any bias fields. We demonstrate our device to consistently generate 6uA/cm2 current density near 100C over 540 complete phase transformation cycles without any electric and functional degradation. The energy conversion device can light up a LED directly without attaching an external power source. This promising material candidate brings the low-grade waste heat harvesting closer to a practical realization, e.g. small temperature fluctuations around the water boiling point can be considered as a clean energy source.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
Analysis of the Pion-Nucleus Scattering within the Folding and the Kisslinger Type Potentials
Creators: name: Lukyanov, V. K.
name: Zemlyanaya, E. V.
name: Lukyanov, K. V.
name: Abdul-Magead, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elastic cross sections are calculated and compared with the data on $π^{\pm}$ scattering on $^{28}$Si, $^{40}$Ca, $^{58}$Ni, $^{208}$Pb nuclei in the energy range from 130 to 290 MeV. To this end, both the folding optical potential (OP) and the local modified Kisslinger-type OP were calculated, and then the $πA$ cross sections were obtained by solving the Klein-Gordon equation to account for the relativization and distortion wave effects. In the folding OPs, the parameters of the elementary $πN$ amplitude were fitted when describing the $πA$ scattering data, and thus the essential in-medium effect on the parameters of the $πN$ amplitude was established since the pion is scattered not on a free but on a bound nuclear nucleon. Fairly good agreement with experimental data was obtained for both models of optical potentials and their forms turn out to be in coincidence in the region of their surfaces.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables; accepted for publication in Nuclear Physics A
Algebraic cycles and intersections of 2 quadrics
Creators: name: Laterveer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C15, 14C25, 14C30

description: A smooth intersection $Y$ of two quadrics in $\mathbb{P}^{2g+1}$ has Hodge level 1. We show that such varieties $Y$ have a multiplicative Chow-Künneth decomposition, in the sense of Shen-Vial. As a consequence, a certain tautological subring of the Chow ring of powers of $Y$ injects into cohomology.
description: 21 pages, to appear in Mediterranean J. of Math., comments welcome. v2: minor changes to match published version. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2009.11061
Implementation of holonomic quantum computation through engineering and manipulating environment
Creators: name: Yin, Zhang-qi
name: Li, Fu-li
name: Peng, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an atom-field coupled system, in which two pairs of four-level atoms are respectively driven by laser fields and trapped in two distant cavities that are connected by an optical fiber. First, we show that an effective squeezing reservoir can be engineered under appropriate conditions. Then, we show that a two-qubit geometric CPHASE gate between the atoms in the two cavities can be implemented through adiabatically manipulating the engineered reservoir along a closed loop. This scheme that combines engineering environment with decoherence-free space and geometric phase quantum computation together has the remarkable feature: a CPHASE gate with arbitrary phase shift is implemented by simply changing the strength and relative phase of the driving fields.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; v2, We have maken considerable changes. New model to engineer effective reservoir without broadband squeezing light is proposed, which makes the scheme more practical. Main results are not changed; v3, accepted for PRA. Change style to PRA
The possibilities of sulphate-reducing bacteria using for phenol degradation
Creators: name: Rudzanova, Dominika
name: Luptakova, Alena
name: Macingova, Eva
Publisher: name: Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2019
Subjects: adaptation, biodegradation, phenol, sulphate-reducing bacteria

description: Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; ISSN 2084-4735
3d conformal fields with manifest $sl(2,\mathbb{C})$
Creators: name: Ponomarev, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper we construct all short representation of $so(3,2)$ with the $sl(2,\mathbb{C})$ symmetry made manifest due to the use of $sl(2,\mathbb{C})$ spinors. This construction has a natural connection to the spinor-helicity formalism for massless fields in AdS${}_4$ suggested earlier. We then study unitarity of the resulting representations, identify them as the lowest-weight modules and as conformal fields in the three-dimensional Minkowski space. Finally, we compare these results with the existing literature and discuss the properties of these representations under contraction of $so(3,2)$ to the Poincare algebra.
description: 44 pages, 8 figures; minor corrections, references added, version to appear in JHEP
title: Addiction as Archetype: storytelling in drug addiction and recovery. Bad Glue for Broken Bones: an addiction memoir.
Creators: name: Barton, J
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis presents an evaluation of storytelling's relationship with the drug addicted individual and their recovery from addiction. It reflects on how social narratives about addiction have shaped the treatment of addicted individuals, and the addicted individual's view of their self and their condition. The thesis argues that contemporary addiction research is providing society, and the addicted individual, with new social narratives that more accurately reflect how an individual might become drug addicted. The thesis names the social symptom of drug addiction the "addict archetype", as research appears to show that there are universal environmental conditions under which a person is more likely to manifest drug dependency in their lives. Through this thesis I reflect on how my study informed the writing of my own memoir, Bad Glue for Broken Bones. In it I argue that storytelling is a powerful tool in recovery from addiction. I also argue that memoir writing is transformative in assessing the nature of addiction. This study is accompanied by my memoir, which chronologically maps out my own struggles with addiction and the conditions under which the addict archetype manifested in my life.
Towards an understanding of the Of?p star HD 191612: optical spectroscopy
Creators: name: Howarth, Ian D.
name: Walborn, Nolan R.
name: Lennon, Danny J.
name: Puls, Joachim
name: Naze, Yael
name: Annuk, K.
name: Antokhin, I.
name: Bohlender, D.
name: Bond, H.
name: Donati, J. -F.
name: Georgiev, L.
name: Gies, D.
name: Harmer, D.
name: Herrero, A.
name: Kolka, I.
name: McDavid, D.
name: Morel, T.
name: Negueruela, I.
name: Rauw, G.
name: Reig, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present extensive optical spectroscopy of the early-type magnetic star HD 191612 (O6.5f?pe-O8fp). The Balmer and HeI lines show strongly variable emission which is highly reproducible on a well-determined 538-d period. Metal lines and HeII absorptions (including many selective emission lines but excluding He II 4686A emission) are essentially constant in line strength, but are variable in velocity, establishing a double-lined binary orbit with P(orb) = 1542d, e=0.45. We conduct a model-atmosphere analysis of the primary, and find that the system is consistent with a O8: giant with a B1: main-sequence secondary. Since the periodic 538-d changes are unrelated to orbital motion, rotational modulation of a magnetically constrained plasma is strongly favoured as the most likely underlying `clock'. An upper limit on the equatorial rotation is consistent with this hypothesis, but is too weak to provide a strong constraint.
description: Accepted for MNRAS
Sound emission and annihilations in a programmable quantum vortex collider
Creators: name: Kwon, W. J.
name: Del Pace, G.
name: Xhani, K.
name: Galantucci, L.
name: Falconi, A. Muzi
name: Inguscio, M.
name: Scazza, F.
name: Roati, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum fluids, the quantisation of circulation forbids the diffusion of a vortex swirling flow seen in classical viscous fluids. Yet, a quantum vortex accelerating in a superfluid may lose its energy into acoustic radiation, in a similar way an electric charge decelerates upon emitting photons. The dissipation of vortex energy underlies central problems in quantum hydrodynamics, such as the decay of quantum turbulence, highly relevant to systems as varied as neutron stars, superfluid helium and atomic condensates. A deep understanding of the elementary mechanisms behind irreversible vortex dynamics has been a goal for decades, but it is complicated by the shortage of conclusive experimental signatures. Here, we address this challenge by realising a programmable quantum vortex collider in a planar, homogeneous atomic Fermi superfluid with tunable inter-particle interactions. We create on-demand vortex configurations and monitor their evolution, taking advantage of the accessible time and length scales of our ultracold Fermi gas. Engineering collisions within and between vortex-antivortex pairs allows us to decouple relaxation of the vortex energy due to sound emission and interactions with normal fluid, i.e. mutual friction. We directly visualise how the annihilation of vortex dipoles radiates a sound pulse in the superfluid. Further, our few-vortex experiments extending across different superfluid regimes suggest that fermionic quasiparticles localised inside the vortex core contribute significantly to dissipation, opening the route to exploring new pathways for quantum turbulence decay, vortex by vortex.
description: 7+9 pages, 4+7 figures
Predictive Optimal Control with Data-Based Disturbance Scenario Tree Approximation
Creators: name: Jing, Ran
name: Zeng, Xiangrui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Efficiently computing the optimal control policy concerning a complicated future with stochastic disturbance has always been a challenge. The predicted stochastic future disturbance can be represented by a scenario tree, but solving the optimal control problem with a scenario tree is usually computationally demanding. In this paper, we propose a data-based clustering approximation method for the scenario tree representation. Differently from the popular Markov chain approximation, the proposed method can retain information from previous steps while keeping the state space size small. Then the predictive optimal control problem can be approximately solved with reduced computational load using dynamic programming. The proposed method is evaluated in numerical examples and compared with the method which considers the disturbance as a non-stationary Markov chain. The results show that the proposed method can achieve better control performance than the Markov chain method.
description: accepted by American Control Conference (ACC) 2021
A fully Eulerian hybrid Immersed Boundary-Phase Field Model for contact line dynamics on complex geometries
Creators: name: Shahmardi, Armin
name: Rosti, Marco Edoardo
name: Tammisola, Outi
name: Brandt, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a fully Eulerian hybrid immersed-boundary/phase-field model to simulate wetting and contact line motion over any arbitrary geometry. The solid wall is described with a volume-penalisation ghost-cell immersed boundary whereas the interface between the two fluids by a diffuse-interface method. The contact line motion on the complex wall is prescribed via slip velocity in the momentum equation and static/dynamic contact angle condition for the order parameter of the Cahn-Hilliard model. This combination requires accurate computations of the normal and tangential gradients of the scalar order parameter and of the components of the velocity. However, the present algorithm requires the computation of averaging weights and other geometrical variables as a preprocessing step. Several validation tests are reported in the manuscript, together with 2D simulations of a droplet spreading over a sinusoidal wall with different contact angles and slip length and a spherical droplet spreading over a sphere, showing that the proposed algorithm is capable to deal with the three-phase contact line motion over any complex wall. The Eulerian feature of the algorithm facilitates the implementation and provides a straight-forward and potentially highly scalable parallelisation. The employed parallelisation of the underlying Navier-Stokes solver can be efficiently used for the multiphase part as well. The procedure proposed here can be directly employed to impose any types of boundary conditions (Neumann, Dirichlet and mixed) for any field variable evolving over a complex geometry, modelled with an immersed-boundary approach (for instance, modelling deformable biological membranes, red blood cells, solidification, evaporation and boiling, to name a few)
description: 52 pages, 19 figures, Submitted to Journal of Computational Physics
Round-robin differential phase-time-shifting protocol for quantum key distribution: theory and experiment
Creators: name: Wang, Kai
name: Vagniluca, Ilaria
name: Zhang, Jie
name: Forchhammer, Søren
name: Zavatta, Alessandro
name: Christensen, Jesper B.
name: Bacco, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows the establishment of common cryptographic keys among distant parties. Many of the QKD protocols that were introduced in the past involve the challenge of monitoring the signal disturbance over the communication line, in order to evaluate the information leakage to a potential eavesdropper. Recently, a QKD protocol that circumvents the need for monitoring signal disturbance, has been proposed and demonstrated in initial experiments. Here, we propose a new version of this so-called round-robin differential phase-shifting (RRDPS) protocol, in which both time and phase degrees-of-freedom are utilized to enlarge the Hilbert space dimensionality, without increasing experimental complexity or relaxing security assumptions. We derive the security proofs of the round-robin differential phase-time-shifting (RRDPTS) protocol in the collective attack scenario and benchmark the new protocol against RRDPS for different experimental parameters. Furthermore, a proof-of-concept experiment of the RRDPTS protocol, using weak coherent pulses and decoy-state method, is demonstrated over 80 km of fiber link. Our results show that the RRDPTS protocol can achieve higher secret key rate in comparison with the RRDPS, in the condition of high quantum bit error rate.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Anomalous stopping and charge transfer in proton-irradiated graphene
Creators: name: Kononov, Alina
name: Schleife, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use first-principles calculations to uncover and explain a new type of anomalous low-velocity stopping effect in proton-irradiated graphene. We attribute a shoulder feature that occurs exclusively for channeling protons to enhanced electron capture from $σ$+$π$ orbitals. Our analysis of electron emission indicates that backward emission is more sensitive to proton trajectory than forward emission and could thus produce higher contrast images in ion microscopy. For slow protons, we observe a steep drop in emission, consistent with predictions from analytical models.
Combined theoretical and experimental study of the electronic and optical property of Sb$_2$WO$_6$
Creators: name: Karmakar, Devdas
name: Datta, Sujoy
name: Jana, Debnarayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both theoretical and experimental analysis are carried out to understand the physical properties of the fascinating electronic and optical properties of antimony tungstate (Sb$_2$WO$_6$). The nanosized ($\sim 40-80~nm$) material is produced using hydrothermal method followed by the SEM and XRD analysis to find the structural properties. The present calculations using PBEsol and PBE approximations for exchange-correlation potential are compared with the experimental structural parameters and in the case of the calculations using PBEsol approach the predicted crystal parameters and simulated XRD pattern are in excellent agreement with experimental results. The experimental absorption spectra measured in the ultraviolet-visible range give the bandgap of $2.42 ~eV$, while the most intense peak of photoluminescence spectra is found at $468nm~(2.65 ~eV)$. Using density functional theory (DFT) technique, the band structure and density of states for \swo~ are calculated and the calculated bandgap of $2.62 ~eV$ is in agreement with the experimental finding. From theoretical partial density of states calculations we identify that the bandgap is formed between the O$-2p_y$ orbitals bonded with Sb at valence band maxima and the W$-5d_{x^2-y^2}$ orbital at conduction band minima. The atomic level transitions responsible for the peaks of absorption spectra and photoluminescence spectra are identified as well by the means of DFT calculations. Following the matching of theoretical and experimental observations, the calculations of optical properties reveal the plasma frequency to be equal to $13.36 ~eV$.
'Altlast' Arbeiter als Relikt der Moderne? - Überlegungen zu einer Mikrostudie im Ruhrgebiet
Creators: name: Skroblin, Jörg-Peter
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "'Altlast' Arbeiter als Relikt der Moderne? - Überlegungen zu einer Mikrostudie im Ruhrgebiet" of MTS 15 (1994).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 15 (1994): Strukturpolitik und Arbeitnehmererfahrungen in altindustriellen Krisenregionen: Ruhrgebiet, Pittsburgh und Asturien
Pittsburgh - ein Modell wofür?
Creators: name: Grebing, Helga
name: Helm, Jutta A.
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Pittsburgh - ein Modell wofür?" of MTS 15 (1994).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 15 (1994): Strukturpolitik und Arbeitnehmererfahrungen in altindustriellen Krisenregionen: Ruhrgebiet, Pittsburgh und Asturien
Effects of screened Coulomb interaction on spin transfer torque
Creators: name: Cahaya, Adam B.
name: Majidi, Muhammad Aziz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a magnetic multilayer, magnetizations can be manipulated by spin transfer torque. Both spin transfer torque and its reciprocal effect, spin pumping, are governed by spin mixing conductance. The magnitude of spin mixing conductance at the interface of nearly magnetic metal has been theoretically shown to be enhanced by electron-electron interaction. However, experiments show both increasing and decreasing values of spin mixing conductance for metals with larger electron-electron interaction. Here we take into account the effect of electron-electron interaction on the screening of the Coulomb interaction at the magnetic interface to correctly describe the experiment.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Vortex state in a Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov superconductor based on the quasiclassical theory
Creators: name: Ichioka, Masanori
name: Adachi, Hiroto
name: Mizushima, Takeshi
name: Machida, Kazushige
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the vortex state with Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) modulations suggested for a high field phase of CeCoIn_5. On the basis of the quasiclassical Eilenberger theory, we calculate the three dimensional structure of pair potentials, internal magnetic fields, paramagnetic moments, and electronic states, for the s-wave and the d-wave pairings comparatively. The π-phase shift of the pair potential at the FFLO nodal plane or at the vortex core induces sharp peak states in the local density of states, and enhances the local paramagnetic moment. We also discuss the NMR spectrum and the neutron scattering as methods to detect the FFLO structure.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Note on a paper "An Extension of a Theorem of Euler" by Hirata-Kohno et al
Creators: name: Tengely, Szabolcs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11D61

description: In this paper we extend a result of Hirata-Kohno, Laishram, Shorey and Tijdeman on the Diophantine equation $n(n+d)...(n+(k-1)d)=by^2,$ where $n,d,k\geq 2$ and $y$ are positive integers such that $\gcd(n,d)=1.$