cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Intelligent Emergency Message Broadcasting in VANET Using PSO
Creators: name: Samara, Ghassan
name: Alhmiedat, Tareq
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The new type of Mobile Ad hoc Network which is called Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANET) created a fertile environment for research. In this research, a protocol Particle Swarm Optimization Contention Based Broadcast (PCBB) is proposed, for fast andeffective dissemination of emergency messages within a geographical area to distribute the emergency message and achieve the safety system, this research will help the VANET system to achieve its safety goals in intelligent and efficient way.
description: 11 pages
Polarization attractors driven by vector soliton rain
Creators: name: Sergeyev, Sergey V.
name: Eliwa, Mahmoud
name: Kbashi, Hani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soliton rain is a bunch of small soliton pulses slowly drifting nearby the main pulse having the period of a round trip. For Er-doped fiber laser mode-locked by carbon nanotubes, for the first time, we demonstrate both experimentally and theoretically a new type of polarization attractors controllable by the vector soliton rain. With adjusting the pump power, vector soliton rain takes the form of pulses with rotating states of polarization which enable transforming slowly evolving trajectories on the Poincaré sphere from the double-scroll spiral to the circle. The obtained results on controlling complex multisoliton dynamics can be of interest in laser physics and engineering with potential applications in spectroscopy, metrology, and biomedical diagnostics.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Silicite: the layered allotrope of silicon
Creators: name: Cahangirov, Seymur
name: Ozcelik, V. Ongun
name: Rubio, Angel
name: Ciraci, Salim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on first-principles calculation we predict two new thermodynamically stable layered-phases of silicon, named as silicites, which exhibit strong directionality in the electronic and structural properties. As compared to silicon crystal, they have wider indirect band gaps but also increased absorption in the visible range making them more interesting for photovoltaic applications. These stable phases consist of intriguing stacking of dumbbell patterned silicene layers having trigonal structure with $\sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3}$ periodicity of silicene and have cohesive energies smaller but comparable to that of the cubic diamond silicon. Our findings also provide atomic scale mechanisms for the growth of multilayer silicene as well as silicites.
Microbial approaches for monitoring the ecological condition of aquatic environments
Creators: name: Codello, Annachiara
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Anthropogenic activities often result in the release of multiple stressors in the aquatic environment. These include pollution due to industrial effluents, sewage, mining, urbanization and agriculture. These stressors not only impact the ecological health of the water ecosystems but also diminish their benefits to society. While it has been well documented that human activities can reduce fish abundances and affect the algal bloom, theyalso affect the benthic communities which underpin ecosystem condition, including microbial organisms. Microorganisms, specifically bacteria, are some of the first responders to environmental perturbation and are of critical importance for ecosystem function. They facilitate many of the processes mediating ecosystem services such as nutrient cycling, disease causation and suppression and pollutant removal. Their structure and function establish how and to what extent disturbances alter the environment. Recent technological advances combined with a substantial reduction in the costs of DNA sequencing now allows microbial ecologists to access an enormous amount of data, transforming our capacity to investigate the composition and dynamics of complex microbial communities that inhabit aquatic environments. However, there is still a paucity in the understanding of how common stressors such as chemical, including nutrients and metals; and biological including sewage, alter bacterial communities. This includes determining whether there are predictable changes in composition. Consequently, there is an opportunity to demonstrate the potential use of microbial communities to monitor aquatic ecosystems, combining new approaches, that are unique to microbiome studies, and standard practices, that are broadly used to monitor aquatic environments. This research examined aquatic microbial communities subjected to anthropogenic pressures from two aspects. The first is examining inputs of exogenous bacteria into aquatic systems, specifically, those derived from sewage both locally and globally. The second by studying the composition patterns and connectivity with co-occurrence networks analysis within bacterial communities of coastal water column endogenous bacteria. This thesis demonstrates that microbial tools can not only be used to examine the input of human activities on the ecosystembut also, conversely how humans impact those microorganisms naturally residing in the system. Collectively, the research emphasises the need to include microbial communities in aquatic biomonitoring, providing managers and end-users with a new range of tools to assist in the protection of the social, economic and ecological values that water bodies provide.
Stability and electronic properties of layered NaMnO2 using the SCAN(+U)
Creators: name: Jung, Haeyoon
name: Kim, Jiyeon
name: Kim, Sooran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering electron correlation appropriately is important to predict the properties of layered transition metal oxides, which have drawn a lot of attention as cathode materials for sodium-ion batteries. Here, we explore the phonon and electronic properties of layered NaMnO2 using the recently developed strongly constrained and appropriately normed (SCAN) functional. We also introduce the Coulomb interaction U to find an accurate description of Mn 3d orbitals. The phonon dispersion curves show the structural stability with the SCAN, which is consistent with prior experimental stability at high Na concentrations. On the other hand, imaginary phonon frequencies were observed by applying U, which indicates structural instability. Namely, SCAN properly describes the phonon properties of layered NaMnO2 whereas SCAN+U does not. We further explore the Jahn-Teller (J-T) stability and magnitude of J-T distortion depending on U and find that SCAN results are consistent with Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof functional, PBE+U results. Our results suggest that SCAN itself properly describes the physical properties of NaMnO2 without adding U explicitly.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Realization of "Trapped Rainbow" in 1D slab waveguide with Surface Dispersion Engineering
Creators: name: Yang, Rui
name: Zhu, Wenkan
name: Li, Jingjing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a design of a one dimensional dielectric waveguide that can trap a broad band light pulse with different frequency component stored at different positions, effectively forming a "trapped rainbow"[1]. The spectrum of the rainbow covers the whole visible range. To do this, we first show that the dispersion of a $\text{SiO}_2$ waveguide with a Si grating placed on top can be engineered by the design parameter of the grating. Specifically, guided modes with zero group velocity(frozen modes) can be realized. Negative Goos-Hänchen shift along the surface of the grating is responsible for such a dispersion control. The frequency of the frozen mode is tuned by changing the lateral feature parameters (period and duty cycle) of the grating. By tuning the grating feature point by point along the waveguide, a light pulse can be trapped with different frequency components frozen at different positions, so that a "rainbow" is formed. The device is expected to have extremely low ohmic loss because only dielectric materials are used. A planar geometry also promises much reduced fabrication difficulty.
Numerical models of blackbody-dominated gamma-ray bursts -- I. Hydrodynamics and the origin of the thermal emission
Creators: name: Cuesta-Martínez, Carlos F.
name: Aloy, Miguel-Ángel
name: Mimica, Petar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GRB 101225A is a prototype of the class of blackbody-dominated (BBD) gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). It has been suggested that BBD-GRBs result from the merger of a binary system formed by a neutron star and the helium core of an evolved star. We have modelled the propagation of ultrarelativistic jets through the environment left behind the merger by means of relativistic hydrodynamic simulations. In this paper, the output of our numerical models is post-processed to obtain the (thermal) radiative signature of the resulting outflow. We outline the most relevant dynamical details of the jet propagation and connect them to the generation of thermal radiation in GRB events akin to that of GRB 101225A. A comprehensive parameter study of the jet/environment interaction has been performed and synthetic light curves are confronted with the observational data. The thermal emission in our models originates from the interaction between the jet and the hydrogen envelope ejected during the neutron star/He core merger. We find that the lack of a classical afterglow and the accompanying thermal emission in BBD-GRBs can be explained by the interaction of an ultrarelativistic jet with a toroidally shaped ejecta whose axis coincides with the binary rotation axis. The spectral inversion and reddening happening at about 2 d in GRB 101225A can be related to the time at which the massive shell ejected in an early phase of the common envelope evolution of the progenitor system is completely ablated by the ultrarelativistic jet.
description: 23 pages, 22 figures (21 in color), accepted for publication in MNRAS
Effect of Radiologists’ Diagnostic Work-up Volume on Interpretive Performance
Creators: name: Buist, Diana S. M.
name: Monsees, Barbara S.
name: Geller, Berta M.
name: Taplin, Stephen H.
name: Carney, Patricia A.
name: Yankaskas, Bonnie C.
name: Onega, Tracy L.
name: Miglioretti, Diana L.
name: Sickles, Edward A.
name: Anderson, Melissa L.
name: Smith, Robert A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: We found that radiologists with a higher annual volume of work-ups for recalled screening mammograms they initially interpreted had consistently higher screening sensitivity and cancer detection rates; however, these performance improvements were accompanied by higher false-positive rates.
Particulate Matter Profiles along the Rack Railway Route Using Low-Cost Sensor
Creators: name: Samad, Abdul
name: Maali, Anas
name: Chourdakis, Ioannis
name: Laquai, Bernd
name: Vogt, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Air Quality Measurements, Mobile Measurements, Rack Railway, spatial distribution of air pollutants, PM particulate matter, profile measurements

description: Air pollution due to Particulate Matter (PM) is an increasing concern of global extent and has been studied in various research projects. In this project, a low-cost PM monitoring platform was built with the objectives of evaluating its feasibility and its performance in mobile measurements. In addition, the temporal and spatial concentration profiles of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 along the measurement route were characterized. The measurements, from mid of January until mid of March 2019, showed that the PM concentrations were dominated by fine particulate matter. Higher PM concentrations were measured near the federal highway and high traffic area as compared to the residential area. An overestimation of PM concentration using the low-cost sensor platform was observed during high relative humidity conditions.
Probabilistic Air Segmentation and Sparse Regression Estimated Pseudo CT for PET/MR Attenuation Correction
Creators: name: An, Hongyu
name: Lee, Yueh Z.
name: Su, Yi
name: Rubin, Brian G.
name: Juttukonda, Meher
name: Lin, Weili
name: Chen, Yasheng
name: Lalush, David
name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Benzinger, Tammie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: A probabilistic air segmentation and sparse regression method was developed for PET attenuation correction with a mean whole-brain PET error of 2.42% ± 1.0 by estimating continuous pseudo CT images from T1-weighted MR and atlas CT images.
Zwicky Transient Facility and Globular Clusters: The Period-Luminosity and Period-Wesenheit Relations for Type II Cepheids
Creators: name: Ngeow, Chow-Choong
name: Bhardwaj, Anupam
name: Henderson, Jing-Yi
name: Graham, Matthew J.
name: Laher, Russ R.
name: Medford, Michael S.
name: Purdum, Josiah
name: Rusholme, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first gri-band period-luminosity (PL) and period-Wesenheit (PW) relations for 37 Type II Cepheids (hereafter TIIC) located in 18 globular clusters based on photometric data from the Zwicky Transient Facility. We also updated BV IJHK-band absolute magnitudes for 58 TIIC in 24 globular clusters using the latest homogeneous distances to the globular clusters. The slopes of g/r/i and B/V/I band PL relations are found to be statistically consistent when using the same sample of distance and reddening. We employed the calibration of ri-band PL/PW relations in globular clusters to estimate a distance to M31 based on a sample of ~270 TIIC from the PAndromeda project. The distance modulus to M31, obtained using calibrated ri-band PW relation, agrees well with the recent determination based on classical Cepheids. However, distance moduli derived using the calibrated r- and i-band PL relations are systematically smaller by ~0.2 mag, suggesting there are possible additional systematic error on the PL relations. Finally, we also derive the period-color (PC) relations and for the first time the period-Q-index (PQ) relations, where the Q-index is reddening-free, for our sample of TIIC. The PC relations based on (r-i) and near-infrared colors and the PQ relations are found to be relatively independent of the pulsation periods.
description: 14 pages, 8 Figures and 5 Tables, AJ accepted
The effect of radiation dose on mouse skeletal muscle remodeling
Creators: name: Hetzler, Kimbell L.
name: Carson, James A.
name: Puppa, Melissa J.
name: Gao, Song
name: Bateman, Ted A.
name: Hardee, Justin P.
name: Fix, Dennis K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine the effect of two clinically relevant radiation doses on the susceptibility of mouse skeletal muscle to remodeling.Materials and methods.Alterations in muscle morphology and regulatory signaling were examined in tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius muscles after radiation doses that differed in total biological effective dose (BED). Female C57BL/6 (8-wk) mice were randomly assigned to non-irradiated control, four fractionated doses of 4 Gy (4x4 Gy; BED 37 Gy), or a single 16 Gy dose (16 Gy; BED 100 Gy). Mice were sacrificed 2 weeks after the initial radiation exposure.ResultsThe 16 Gy, but not 4x4 Gy, decreased total muscle protein and RNA content. Related to muscle regeneration, both 16 Gy and 4x4 Gy increased the incidence of central nuclei containing myofibers, but only 16 Gy increased the extracellular matrix volume. However, only 4x4 Gy increased muscle 4-hydroxynonenal expression. While both 16 Gy and 4x4 Gy decreased IIB myofiber mean cross-sectional area (CSA), only 16 Gy decreased IIA myofiber CSA. 16 Gy increased the incidence of small diameter IIA and IIB myofibers, while 4x4 Gy only increased the incidence of small diameter IIB myofibers. Both treatments decreased the frequency and CSA of low succinate dehydrogenase activity (SDH) fibers. Only 16 Gy increased the incidence of small diameter myofibers having high SDH activity. Neither treatment altered muscle signaling related to protein turnover or oxidative metabolism.ConclusionsCollectively, these results demonstrate that radiation dose differentially affects muscle remodeling, and these effects appear to be related to fiber type and oxidative metabolism.
Mechanism of lapatinib-mediated radiosensitization of breast cancer cells is primarily by inhibition of the Raf>MEK>ERK mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade and radiosensitization of lapatinib-resistant cells restored by direct inhibition of MEK
Creators: name: Camp, J. Terese
name: Sambade, Maria J.
name: Kimple, Randall J.
name: Sartor, Carolyn I.
name: Shields, Janiel M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: We recently showed that lapatinib, an EGFR/HER2 inhibitor, radiosensitized breast cancer cells of the basal and HER2+ subtypes. The purpose of this study was to identify the downstream signaling pathways responsible for lapatinib-mediated radiosensitization in breast cancer.
Solid-Phase Microextraction Techniques and Application in Food and Horticultural Crops
Creators: name: Kustrin, Snezana
name: Gegechkori, V
name: Kobakhidze, T
name: Morton, David
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3405
subject: Organic chemistry
classificationCode: 340105
subject: Instrumental methods (excl. immunological and bioassay methods)
classificationCode: 3404
subject: Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry

description: Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a sample preparation technique which utilizes small amounts of an extraction phase for the extraction of target analytes from investigated sample matrices. Its simplicity of use, relatively short sample processing time, and fiber reusability have made SPME an attractive choice for many analytical applications. SPME has been widely applied to the sampling and analysis of environmental, food, aromatic, metallic, forensic, and pharmaceutical samples. Solid phase microextraction is used in horticultural crops, for example, to determine water and soil contaminants (pesticides, alcohols, phenols, amines, herbicides, etc.). SPME is also used in the food industry to separate biologically active substances in food products for various purposes, for example, disease prevention, determining the smell of food products, and analyzing tastes. SPME has been applied to forensic analysis to determine the alcohol concentration in blood and that of sugar in urine. This method has also been widely used in pharmaceutical analysis. It is a solvent-free sample preparation technique that integrates sampling, isolation, and concentration. This review focuses on recent work on the use of SPME techniques in the analysis of food and horticultural crops.
Evaluation of the response of plastic scintillator bars and measurement of neutron capture time in non-reactor environment for the ISMRAN experiment
Creators: name: Dey, R.
name: Netrakanti, P. K.
name: Mishra, D. K.
name: Behera, S. P.
name: Sehgal, R.
name: Jha, V.
name: Pant, L. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study on detector response to different radioactive sources and the measurements of non-reactor environmental backgrounds with the Indian Scintillator Matrix for Reactor Anti-Neutrinos (ISMRAN) detector setup consisting of 9$\times$10 Plastic Scintillator Bars (PSBs) array at BARC, Mumbai. These measurements are useful in the context of the ISMRAN detector setup, which will be used to detect the reactor anti-neutrinos (${\bar{\ensuremathν}}_{e}$) and measure its energy spectra, through the inverse beta decay (IBD) process. A GEANT4 based Monte Carlo (MC) simulation is used to understand the optical transmission, energy resolution and energy non-linearity of the ISMRAN detector. A detailed analysis procedure has been developed to understand the natural radioactive, cosmogenic and cosmic muon-induced backgrounds with the ISMRAN detector setup in a non-reactor environment, based on their energy deposition, number of bars hit as well as topological event selection criteria in position and time for triggered events. Data and MC simulated distributions of reconstructed sum energy and number of bars hit has been compared for the radioactive $γ$ + positron source such as $\mathrm{{}^{22}Na}$ placed at the center of the ISMRAN array. Fast neutron energy response and capture time distribution in ISMRAN array has been studied using a novel technique involving Time of Flight (TOF) of the measured fast neutrons. The observed characteristic neutron capture time ( $τ$ ) of 68.29 $\pm$ 9.48 $μ$s is in good agreement with $\sim$65 $μ$s obtained from MC simulation. These experimentally measured results will be useful for discriminating the correlated and uncorrelated background events from the true IBD events in reactor ON and OFF conditions inside the reactor hall.
description: 25 pages, 21 figures
Entropy of Quantum Markov states on Cayley trees
Creators: name: Mukhamedov, Farrukh
name: Souissi, Abdessatar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L53, 60J99, 46L60, 60G50

description: In this paper, we continue the investigation of quantum Markov states (QMS) and define their mean entropies. Such entropies are explicitly computed under certain conditions. The present work takes a huge leap forward at tackling one of the most important open problems in quantum probability which concerns the calculations of mean entropies of quantum Markov fields. Moreover, it opens new perspective for the generalization of many interesting results related to the one dimensional quantum Markov states and chains to multi-dimensional cases.
description: 14 pages, JSTAT accepted
Melanoma cells show a heterogeneous range of sensitivity to ionizing radiation and are radiosensitized by inhibition of B-RAF with PLX-4032
Creators: name: Shields, Janiel M.
name: Kaufmann, William K.
name: Kimple, Randall J.
name: Sambade, Maria J.
name: Peters, Eldon C.
name: Thomas, Nancy E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: To assess the relative radiosensitivities of a large collection of melanoma cell lines and to determine whether pharmacologic inhibition of mutant B-RAF with PLX-4032 can radiosensitize B-Raf+ melanoma cells.
Role of the possible $Σ^*(\frac{1}{2}^-)$ state in the $Λp \to Λp π^0$ reaction
Creators: name: Xie, Ju-Jun
name: Wu, Jia-Jun
name: Zou, Bing-Song
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $Λp \to Λp π^0$ reaction near threshold is studied within an effective Lagrangian method. The production process is described by single-pion and single-kaon exchange. In addition to the role played by the $Σ^*(1385)$ resonance of spin-parity $J^P = 3/2^+$, the effects of a newly proposed $Σ^*$ ($J^P = 1/2^-$) state with mass and width around $1380$ MeV and $120$ MeV are investigated. We show that our model leads to a good description of the experimental data on the total cross section of the $Λp \to Λp π^0$ reaction by including the contributions from the possible $Σ^*(\frac{1}{2}^-)$ state. However, the theoretical calculations by considering only the $Σ^*(1385)$ resonance fail to reproduce the experimental data, especially for the enhancement close to the reaction threshold. On the other hand, it is found that the single-pion exchange is dominant. Furthermore, we also demonstrate that the angular distributions provide direct information of this reaction, hence could be useful for the investigation of the existence of the $Σ^*(\frac{1}{2}^-)$ state and may be tested by future experiments.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
34th OpenAIRE Content Providers Community Call
Creators: name: Vieira, André
name: Pispiringas, Leonidas
name: Symeonidis, Alexios
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: OpenAIRE
OpenAIRE PROVIDE
OJS
OJS plugin
OpenAIRE Graph
OpenAIRE APIs
PROVIDE dashboard

description: OpenAIRE Content Providers Community Call, February 5th, 2025

Agenda:

OpenAIRE PROVIDE updates:Overview of latest updates to the PROVIDE dashboard

Main topics for discussion- New OJS Connector for OpenAIRE Graph, Leonidas Pispiringas, OpenAIRE- Updates for the OpenAIRE Graph APIs, Alexios Symeonidis, OpenAIRE

Recording: https://youtu.be/HEul9wf4d3g

OpenAIRE PROVIDE: https://provide.openaire.eu/

OpenAIRE PROVIDE Community Calls: https://www.openaire.eu/provide-community-calls
PNV J00444033+4113068: early superhumps with 0.7 mag amplitude and non-red color
Creators: name: Tampo, Yusuke
name: Isogai, Keisuke
name: Kojiguchi, Naoto
name: Uemura, Makoto
name: Kato, Taichi
name: Tordai, Tamás
name: Vanmunster, Tonny
name: Itoh, Hiroshi
name: Dubovsky, Pavol A.
name: Medulka, Tomáš
name: Sano, Yasuo
name: Hambsch, Franz-josef
name: Taguchi, Kenta
name: Maehara, Hiroyuki
name: Ito, Junpei
name: Nogam, Daisaku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the first days of WZ Sge-type dwarf nova (DN) outbursts, the 2:1 resonance induces a spiral arm structure in the accretion disk, which is observed as early superhumps in optical light curves. This paper reports our optical observations of an eclipsing WZ Sge-type DN PNV J00444033+4113068 during its 2021 superoutburst with the 3.8m Seimei telescope and through VSNET collaboration. The eclipse analysis gave its orbital period as 0.055425534(1) d. Our observations confirmed early superhumps with an amplitude of 0.7 mag, the largest amplitude among known WZ Sge-type DNe. More interestingly, its early superhumps became the reddest around their secondary minimum, whereas other WZ Sge-type DNe show the reddest color around the early superhump maximum. The spectrum around the peak of the outburst showed the double-peaked emission lines of He II 4686Å~ and H$α$ with a peak separation of $\ge 700$ km/s, supporting a very high-inclination system. With the early superhump mapping, the unique profile and color of the early superhump of PNV J00444033+4113068 are successfully reproduced by the accretion disk with vertically extended double arm structure. Therefore, the large amplitude and unique color behavior of the early superhumps in PNV J00444033+4113068 can be explained by the 2:1 resonance model along with other WZ Sge-type DNe.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in PASJ
First sensitivity limits of the ALPS TES detector
Creators: name: Dreyling-Eschweiler, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Any Light Particle Search II (ALPS II) requires a sensitive detection of 1064 nm photons. Thus, a low dark count rate (DC) and a high detection efficiency (DE) is needed. ALPS has set up a transition-edge sensor (TES) detector system, namely the ALPS TES detector. It is found that thermal photons from room temperature surfaces are the main contribution of dark counts for 1064 nm photon signals. Furthermore, the current setup of the ALPS TES detector shows an improvement compared to using the ALPS I detector.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure; proceedings of 10th Patras Workshop on Axions, WIMPs, and WISPs, Geneva, CERN, 29 June to 4 July 2014
FERIA: Flat Envelope Model with Rotation and Infall under Angular Momentum Conservation
Creators: name: Oya, Yoko
name: Kibukawa, Hirofumi
name: Miyake, Shota
name: Yamamoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio observations of low-mass star formation in molecular spectral lines have rapidly progressed since the advent of Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). A gas distribution and its kinematics within a few 100s au scale around a Class 0-I protostar are spatially resolved, and the region where a protostellar disk is being formed is now revealed in detail. In such studies, it is essential to characterize the complex physical structure around a protostar consisting of an infalling envelope, a rotationally-supported disk, and an outflow. For this purpose, we have developed a general-purpose computer code `{\tt FERIA}' (Flat Envelope model with Rotation and Infall under Angular momentum conservation) generating the image cube data based on the infalling-rotating envelope model and the Keplerian disk model, both of which are often used in observational studies. In this paper, we present the description and the usage manual of {\tt FERIA} and summarize caveats in actual applications. This program outputs cube {\tt FITS} files, which can be used for direct comparison with observations. It can also be used to generate mock data for the machine/deep learnings. Examples of these applications are described and discussed to demonstrate how the model analyses work with actual observational data.
description: 93 pages, 24 figures
A Generalized Linear Transport Model for Spatially-Correlated Stochastic Media
Creators: name: Davis, Anthony B.
name: Xu, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a new model for transport in stochastic media with long-range spatial correlations where exponential attenuation (controlling the propagation part of the transport) becomes power law. Direct transmission over optical distance $τ(s)$, for fixed physical distance $s$, thus becomes $(1+τ(s)/a)^{-a}$, with standard exponential decay recovered when $a\to\infty$. Atmospheric turbulence phenomenology for fluctuating optical properties rationalizes this switch. Foundational equations for this generalized transport model are stated in integral form for $d=1,2,3$ spatial dimensions. A deterministic numerical solution is developed in $d=1$ using Markov Chain formalism, verified with Monte Carlo, and used to investigate internal radiation fields. Standard two-stream theory, where diffusion is exact, is recovered when $a=\infty$. Differential diffusion equations are not presently known when $a
description: 51 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, to appear in J. of Computational and Theoretical Transport, Special Issue for the 23rd International Conference on Transport Theory (ICTT23), Santa Fe, NM, Sept 15-19, 2013. The LaTeX-based PDF version has 5 pages as placeholders for the Appendix. The 5-page appendix can be downloaded in PDF format from "Ancillary Materials"
Effective three-band structure in Fe-based superconductors
Creators: name: Möckli, David
name: de Mello, E. V. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present self-consistent calculations of the multi-gap structure measured in some Fe-based superconductors. These materials are known to have structural disorder in real space and a multi-gap structure due to the $3d$ Fe-orbitals contributing to a complex Fermi surface topology with hole and electron pockets. Different experiments identify three s-wave like superconducting gaps with a single critical temperature ($T_c$). We investigate the temperature dependence of these gaps by a multi-band Bogoliubov-deGennes theory at different pockets in the presence of effective hybridizations between some bands and an attractive temperature dependent intra-band interaction. We show that this approach reproduces the three observed gaps and single $T_c$ in different compounds of Ba$_{1-x}$K$_{x}$Fe$_2$As$_2$, providing some insights on the inter-band interactions.
The Prevalence of Tori amongst Constant Mean Curvature Planes in $\mathbb{R}^3$
Creators: name: Carberry, Emma
name: Schmidt, Martin Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A10

description: Constant mean curvature (CMC) tori in Euclidean 3-space are described by an algebraic curve, called the spectral curve, together with a line bundle on this curve and a point on $ S ^ 1 $, called the Sym point. For a given spectral curve the possible choices of line bundle and Sym point are easily described. The space of spectral curves of tori is totally disconnected. Hence to characterise the "moduli space" of CMC tori one should, for each genus $g$, determine the closure $\overline{\mathcal{P}^g}$ of spectral curves of CMC tori within the spectral curves of CMC planes having spectral genus $g$. We identify a real subvariety $\mathcal{R}^g$ and a subset $\mathcal{S}^g\subseteq\mathcal{R}^g $ such that $\mathcal{R}^g_{\text{max}}\subseteq\overline{\mathcal{P}^g}\subseteq\mathcal{S}^g$, where $\mathcal{R}^g_{\text{max}}$ denotes the points of $\mathcal{R}^g$ having maximal dimension. The lowest spectral genus for which tori exist is $g=2$ and in this case $\mathcal{R}^2=\mathcal{R}^2_{\text{max}}=\overline{\mathcal{P}^2}=\mathcal{S}^2$. For $g>2 $, we conjecture that $\mathcal{R}^g\supsetneq\mathcal{R}^g_{\text{max}}=\mathcal{S}^g$. We give a number of alternative characterisations of $\mathcal{R}^g_{\text{max}}$ and in particular introduce a new integer invariant of a CMC plane of finite type, called its winding number.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure
ORGANIC ELECTROLYTES FOR RECHARGEABLE ZN-AIR BATTERY
Creators: name: CHOWDHURY, MOHAMMAD ZIAUDDIN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400404
subject: Electrochemical energy storage and conversion

description: Zn-air battery (ZAB) seemingly has the future promise in the post-Li-ion battery technology for commercialization owing to its high theoretical energy density, abundance, and safety features. Nevertheless, current aqueous electrolyte-based ZAB is unsuitable owing to its lower electrochemical stability window, dendrite formation, passivation, corrosion, and hydrogen evolution reaction that limit the cycle life of aqueous-ZAB. This Ph.D. research project revealed the potential of organic electrolytes (dilute, concentrated and flexible solid polymer types) for rechargeable ZAB with an extended cycle life of 950 hours meanwhile explored corrosion, passivation and ORR-activity phenomena of the organic electrolytes for the first time.
A mass spectrometric method to simultaneously measure a biomarker and dilution marker in exhaled breath condensate
Creators: name: Swenberg, James A.
name: Esther, Charles R.
name: Collins, Leonard B.
name: Jasin, H. Matias
name: Boysen, Gunnar
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Exhaled breath condensate (EBC) collection is a simple and non-invasive method to sample airway secretions, but analysis is limited by extensive and variable dilution of airway secretions within the condensate. To overcome this limitation, we developed a sensitive and specific liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method to simultaneously detect adenyl purines as biomarkers of inflammation and urea as a dilution marker in EBC. Separation prior to mass spectrometry was achieved using a C18 column with methanol and formic acid as the mobile phase, and characteristic precursor to product ion transitions of m/z 268 to 136 (for adenosine), m/z 348 to 136 (for AMP), and m/z 61 to 44 (for urea) were monitored for quantification. To correct for matrix effects, isotopically labeled adenosine, AMP, and urea were used as internal standards. Using these methods, we detected urea and the adenyl purines adenosine and AMP in EBC from seven subjects with cystic fibrosis (CF) and seven healthy controls and found that the AMP/urea ratio was elevated in the CF samples. These results demonstrate that mass spectrometry can be used successfully in EBC analysis to simultaneously detect a biomarker for airway inflammation and control for variable dilution.
Nonlinear focusing of supercontinuum driven by intense mid-infrared pulses in gas-filled capillaries
Creators: name: Gao, Xiaohui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong mid-infrared light-matter interaction has attracted extensive attention as it opens up new frontiers in nonlinear optics. Here we observe through simulations a novel aspect of mid-infrared pulse dynamics in a high-pressure gas-filled capillary, where a pulse with a power well below the critical power for Kerr self-focusing undergoes an astonishing rise of the peak intensity following an extremely efficient spectral broadening. This intensity enhancement is attributed to the Kerr-induced focusing of the supercontinuum. Our study provides an interesting perspective for controlling the laser intensity with possible applications in nonlinear light conversion driven by mid-infrared pulses.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
To tell a morphologically complex tale: investigating the story-telling abilities of children and adults with low literacy skills
Creators: name: Magnus, Brooke
name: Gilbert Cote, Nicole
name: Lee, Cheryl
name: Binder, Katherine S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: This study examined differences between adults with low literacy skills and typically achieving children, who were matched on decoding ability, on their production of morphologically complex words (MC) in oral and written stories. In addition, we collected data on their morphological awareness, spelling, and vocabulary skills. Both adults and children were more likely to produce MC words in their oral stories compared to their written stories. While children were much more skilled at using –ed forms to produce past tense verbs than adults, adults were more likely to add –s to a verb and to produce contractions compared to children. Children and adults were comparable in pluralizing words, adding –ing to verbs, and producing derived MC words. For all of the literacy measures (morphological awareness, spelling, and vocabulary) adults always outperformed children. Thus, while adults were stronger in morphological awareness, spelling, and vocabulary, those skills did not seem to aid in the growth of explicitly applying morphological knowledge in the story-telling tasks.
Adolescent aggression: The role of peer group status motives, peer aggression, and group characteristics
Creators: name: Ennett, Susan
name: Faris, Robert
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Recent studies of youth aggression have emphasized the role of network-based peer influence processes. Other scholars have suggested that aggression is often motivated by status concerns. We integrate these two veins of research by considering the effects of peer status motivations on subsequent adolescent aggression, net of their own status motivations, prior aggression, and peer behavior. We also explore different levels at which peer effects may occur, considering the effects of reciprocated and unreciprocated friendships as well as larger, meso-level peer groups. We anticipate that peer group effects are magnified by both size and boundedness as measured by Freeman’s (1972) Segregation Index. We find that, net of the adolescent’s aggression at time 1, both the aggressive behaviors and the status valuations of friends independently increase the likelihood of aggression at time 2, six months later. The aggressive behavior of friends who do not reciprocate the adolescent’s friendship nomination has particular impact. The average status valuation of peer groups increases their members’ likelihood of aggression, even after controlling for their own attitudes about status, their friends’ attitudes, and their friends’ aggressive behavior. This effect is magnified in large groups and groups with high Freeman segregation scores.
Low-power jet-ISM interaction in NGC 7319 revealed by JWST/MIRI MRS
Creators: name: Pereira-Santaella, M.
name: Álvarez-Márquez, J.
name: García-Bernete, I.
name: Labiano, A.
name: Colina, L.
name: Alonso-Herrero, A.
name: Bellocchi, E.
name: García-Burillo, S.
name: Hönig, S. F.
name: Almeida, C. Ramos
name: Rosario, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present JWST/MIRI MRS spectroscopy of NGC7319, the largest galaxy in the Stephan's Quintet, observed as part of the Early Release Observations (ERO). NGC7319 hosts a type 2 active galactic nucleus (AGN) and a low-power radio jet (L_1.4GHz=3.3x10^22 W Hz^-1) with two asymmetric radio hotspots at 430 pc (N2) and 1.5 kpc (S2) projected distances from the unresolved radio core. The MRS data suggest that the molecular material in the disk of the galaxy decelerates the jet and causes this length asymmetry. We find enhanced emission from warm and hot H_2 (T_w=330+-40 K, T_h=900+-60 K) and ionized gas at the intersection between the jet axis and dust lanes in the disk. This emission is coincident with the radio hotspot N2, the hotspot closer to the core, suggesting that the jet-interstellar medium (ISM) interaction decelerates the jet. Conversely, the mid-infrared emission at the more distant hotspot is fainter, more highly ionized, and with lower H_2 excitation, suggesting a more diffuse atomic environment where the jet can progress to farther distances. At the N2 radio hotspot, the ionized gas mass (M_ion=(2.4-12)x10^5 Msun) is comparable to that of the warm H_2, but the former is more turbulent (sigma_ion~300 vs. sigma_H2~150 km/s), so the mechanical energy of the ionized gas is ~1.3-10 times higher. From these estimates, we find that only <1% of the jet energy remains as mechanical energy in these two ISM phases at N2. We also find extended (r>0.3-1.5 kpc) high-ionization emission ([MgV], [NeVI], and [NeV]) close to the radio hotspots. This initial analysis of NGC7319 shows the potential of MIRI/MRS to investigate the AGN feedback mechanisms due to radio jets and their radiation field in the, often heavily dust-enshrouded, central regions of galaxies. Understanding these mechanisms is an essential ingredient in the development of cosmological simulations of galaxy evolution.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures. Small changes to match the accepted for publication version in A&A
Social and spatial networks: Kinship distance and dwelling unit proximity in rural Thailand
Creators: name: Rindfuss, Ronald R.
name: Entwisle, Barbara
name: Verdery, Ashton M.
name: Faust, Katherine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: We address a long hypothesized relationship between the proximity of individuals' dwelling units and their kinship association. Better understanding this relationship is important because of its implications for contact and association among members of a society. In this paper, we use a unique dataset from Nang Rong, Thailand which contains dwelling unit locations (GPS) and saturated kinship networks of all individuals living in 51 agricultural villages. After presenting arguments for a relationship between individuals’ dwelling unit locations and their kinship relations as well as the particulars of our case study, we introduce the data and describe our analytic approach. We analyze how kinship - considered as both a system linking collections of individuals in an extended kinship network and as dyadic links between pairs of individuals -patterns the proximity of dwelling units in rural villages. The results show that in general, extended kin live closer to one another than do unrelated individuals. Further, the degree of relatedness between kin correlates with the distance between their dwelling units. Close kin are more likely to co-reside, a fact which drives much of the relationship between kinship relatedness and dwelling unit proximity within villages. There is nevertheless suggestive evidence of a relationship between kinship association and dwelling unit proximity among kin who do not live together.
Impact of climate change on site characteristics of eight major astronomical observatories using high-resolution global climate projections until 2050
Creators: name: Haslebacher, C.
name: Demory, M. -E.
name: Demory, B. -O.
name: Sarazin, M.
name: Vidale, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sites for next-generation telescopes are chosen decades before the first light of a telescope. Site selection is usually based on recent measurements over a period that is too short to account for long-term changes in observing conditions such as those arising from anthropogenic climate change. In this study, we analyse trends in astronomical observing conditions for eight sites. Most sites either already host telescopes that provide in situ measurements of weather parameters or are candidates for hosting next-generation telescopes. For a fine representation of orography, we use the highest resolution global climate model (GCM) ensemble available provided by the high-resolution model intercomparison project and developed as part of the European Union Horizon 2020 PRIMAVERA project. We evaluate atmosphere-only and coupled PRIMAVERA GCM historical simulations against in situ measurements and the fifth generation atmospheric reanalysis (ERA5) of the ECMWF. The projections of changes in current site conditions are then analysed for the period 2015-2050 using PRIMAVERA future climate simulations. Over most sites, we find that PRIMAVERA GCMs show good agreement in temperature, specific humidity, and precipitable water vapour compared to in situ observations and ERA5. The ability of PRIMAVERA to simulate those variables increases confidence in their projections. For those variables, the model ensemble projects an increasing trend for all sites. On the other hand, no significant trends are projected for relative humidity, cloud cover, or astronomical seeing and PRIMAVERA does not simulate these variables well compared to observations and reanalyses. Therefore, there is little confidence in these projections. Our results show that climate change likely increases time lost due to bad site conditions.
description: 53 pages, 35 figures. accepted for publication in A&A