cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
AN OVERVIEW OF IMPACT OF OBESITY ON POPULATION HEALTH AND HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS
Creators: name: Bashaer Basha Alnadwi,  Amer saeed alnadwi ,  Saad thaib  alluqmani,  Soloh Salah Alfahmy,  Nojood Ahmed Alzaaqi,  Ahmed Mesleh athagafi,  Alhumaidi Jumaian Alreshidi ,  Alhamidi obeid hayayan alzabny,  Hamad Ibrahim Asiri , Basim Mohammad Alsulaimani
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Obesity is a rapidly growing global public health concern. The prevalence of obesity has significantly increased in numerous nations across the globe over the past thirty years, potentially attributed to factors such as urbanization, sedentary behavior, and the rise in intake of high-calorie processed food. The significant rise in childhood obesity indicates a substantial future challenge in preventing chronic diseases within global public healthcare systems. Medical costs connected to obesity can be avoided to a considerable extent and can be improved by therapies that focus on modifying lifestyle habits and managing weight in older individuals.
Cold Attractive Spin Polarized Fermi Lattice Gases and the Doped Positive U Hubbard Model
Creators: name: Moreo, Adriana
name: Scalapino, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments on polarized fermion gases performed by trapping ultracold atoms in optical lattices, allow the study of an attractive Hubbard model for which the strength of the on site interaction is tuned by means of a Feshbach resonance. Using a well-known particle-hole transformation we discuss how results obtained for this system can be reinterpreted in the context of a doped repulsive Hubbard model. In particular we show that the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state corresponds to the striped state of the two-dimensional doped positive U Hubbard model. We then use the results of numerical studies of the striped state to relate the periodicity of the FFLO state to the spin polarization. We also comment on the relationship of the $d_{x^2-y^2}$ superconducting phase of the doped 2D repulsive Hubbard model to a d-wave spin density wave state for the attractive case.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Desert Fishes Council: Dedicated to the preservation of America’s desert fishes
Creators: name: Blasius, Heidi
name: Reid, Stewart
name: Pister, Phil
name: Boyer, Kathryn
name: Wilson, Krissy
name: Trammell, Melissa
name: Hendrickson, Dean
name: Goodchild, Shawn
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: The Desert Fishes Council is a 501 (c) 3 non-profit organization that works to conserve desert aquatic ecosystems and their inhabitants through our diverse membership.  Our membership is comprised of federal, state, and non-governmental fisheries professionals and academia throughout the western United States and northwestern Mexico that work tirelessly to conserve, protect, and restore our natural aquatic habitats for all wildlife and for future generations.
X-ray variability of transitional millisecond pulsars: a faint, stable and fluctuating disk
Creators: name: Linares, Manuel
name: De Marco, Barbara
name: Wijnands, Rudy
name: van der Klis, Michiel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transitional millisecond pulsars (tMSPs) have emerged in the last decade as a unique class of neutron stars at the crossroads between accretion- and rotation-powered phenomena. In their (sub-luminous) accretion disk state, with X-ray luminosities of order $10^{33}-10^{34}$ erg s$^{-1}$, they switch rapidly between two distinct X-ray modes: the disk-high (DH) and disk-low (DL) states. We present a systematic XMM-Newton and Chandra analysis of the aperiodic X-ray variability of all three currently known tMSPs, with a main focus on their disk state and separating DH and DL modes. We report the discovery of flat-topped broadband noise in the DH state of two of them, with break frequencies of 2.8 mHz (PSR J1023+0038) and 0.86 mHz (M28-I). We argue that the lowest frequency variability is similar to that seen in disk-accreting X-ray binaries in the hard state, at typical luminosities at least 2 orders of magnitude higher than tMSPs. We find strong variability in the DH state around 1 Hz, not typical of hard state X-ray binaries, with fractional rms amplitudes close to 30%. We discuss our results and use them to constrain the properties of the accretion disk, assuming that the X-ray variability is produced by fluctuations in mass accretion rate, and that the break frequency corresponds to the viscous timescale at the inner edge of the disk. In this context, we find that the newly found break frequencies are broadly consistent with a disk truncated close to the light cylinder with $\dot{M}\simeq10^{13}-5\times10^{14}$ g s$^{-1}$ and a viscosity parameter $α\gtrsim$0.2.
description: MNRAS, accepted. 10 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Recordings of child language and child-caregiver interaction with Child 6, a male child aged 5 years, 8 months, 20 days (Jul 2023)
Creators: name: Skilton, Amalia Horan
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: tca

description: There is no Child 5 folder in this series because Child 5's caregiver didn't consent to archive media.

Audio recordings of object play between this child and his primary caregiver. Researcher present.

Audio recordings of free play between this child and his older sister, one of his primary caregivers. Researcher not present.

Video recordings were made but the caregiver did not consent to archive them, or to archive transcripts.

Text file describing contents of recordings.

This is the same child as Child 23 in the materials collected in 2019 (Bundle 2018-19.061). He was not recorded in the 2022 materials.
Momentum Transport in Granular Flows
Creators: name: Lois, Gregg
name: Lemaitre, Anael
name: Carlson, Jean M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the error induced by only considering binary collisions in the momentum transport of hard-sphere granular materials, as is done in kinetic theories. In this process, we first present a general microscopic derivation of the momentum transport equation and compare it to the kinetic theory derivation, which relies on the binary collision assumption. These two derivations yield different microscopic expressions for the stress tensor, which we compare using simulations. This provides a quantitative bound on the regime where binary collisions dominate momentum transport and reveals that most realistic granular flows occur in the region of phase space where the binary collision assumption does not apply.
Dephasing-assisted entanglement in a system of strongly coupled qubits
Creators: name: Vovcenko, I. V.
name: Shishkov, V. Yu.
name: Andrianov, E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Creation of entangled states of quantum systems with low decoherence rates is a cornerstone in practical implementation of quantum computations. Processes of separate dephasing in each qubit in experimentally feasible systems is commonly accepted to destroy entanglement. In this work, we consider a system of two strongly coupled qubits that interact with dephasing reservoirs. We demonstrate that interaction with dephasing reservoirs can contribute to the formation of a long-lived mixed entangled state with nonzero concurrence. The weight of the subradiant state in this mixed state tends toward unity if the dephasing rate is much larger than the radiative rate and less than the coupling constant between qubits. The lifetime of this state is proportional to the exponent of the ratio of the coupling constant to environmental temperature and can be, by orders of magnitude, larger than the system's characteristic dephasing and dissipation times. Therefore, high dephasing, along with strong coupling, contributes to the creation of an entangled state with a long lifetime. This result paves the way for creation of long-lived entangled states.
The use of native fish for vector control
Creators: name: Duncan, Doug
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Western mosquitofish Gambusia affinis have been introduced world-wide, ostensibly for control of mosquito larvae.  The negative impact of mosquitofish on native fishes across the globe is well documented.  Other studies show mosquitofish also negatively impact tadpoles, newts, frogs, and aquatic insects.  Several studies have demonstrated that mosquitofish carry parasites and disease that can be transferred into new areas. Lastly, mosquitofish are also known to cause cascading changes aquatic systems functioning.

A need exists to provide mosquito control for public health and safety.  While we can argue about the effectiveness and need for mosquito control, society demands it.  So, any efforts to minimize the negative effects that flow from vector control are worthy ones.  The use of native fish for mosquito control is rare, including the southwestern United States, and Arizona particularly.

Gila topminnow Poeciliopsis occidentalis has been shown to be as effective for mosquito control as mosquitofish, as has the desert pupfish Cyprinodon macularius.  The Arizona Game and Fish Department, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation in Arizona have championed the idea of using native fishes to control mosquitos.  However, socio-political and regulatory hurdles are many.  For endangered (and threatened) species like the Gila topminnow and desert pupfish, the hurdles are even greater, but not insurmountable.

Despite these hurdles, the Arizona Game and Fish Department and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service are attempting to facilitate the use of desert pupfish and especially Gila topminnow for mosquito control.  We have a willing partner in Pima County’s Natural Resources, Parks, and Recreation Department and the Health Department.  Progress is slow.

Because of climate change induced ecosystem changes, expanded mosquito populations and expanded mosquito seasons may occur in Arizona and the other southwestern United States.  In addition, existing tropical and subtropical diseases, or novel diseases, may move north into these areas.  The demand for vector control will increase, and we hope it can be accomplished with native fishes.
Properties of the Nearly Free Electron Superconductor Ag5Pb2O6 Inferred from Fermi Surface Measurements
Creators: name: Mann, P. D. A.
name: Sutherland, M.
name: Bergemann, C.
name: Yonezawa, S.
name: Maeno, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measured the Fermi surface of the recently discovered superconductor Ag5Pb2O6 via a de Haas-van Alphen rotation study. Two frequency branches were observed and identified with the neck and belly orbits of a very simple, nearly free electron Fermi surface. We use the observed Fermi surface geometry to quantitatively deduce superconducting properties such as the in-plane and out-of-plane penetration depths, the coherence length in the clean limit, and the critical field; as well as normal state properties such as the specific heat and the resistivity anisotropy.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Physica C (M2S Proceedings)
Symplectic Gaussian Process Regression of Hamiltonian Flow Maps
Creators: name: Rath, Katharina
name: Albert, Christopher G.
name: Bischl, Bernd
name: von Toussaint, Udo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present an approach to construct appropriate and efficient emulators for Hamiltonian flow maps. Intended future applications are long-term tracing of fast charged particles in accelerators and magnetic plasma confinement configurations. The method is based on multi-output Gaussian process regression on scattered training data. To obtain long-term stability the symplectic property is enforced via the choice of the matrix-valued covariance function. Based on earlier work on spline interpolation we observe derivatives of the generating function of a canonical transformation. A product kernel produces an accurate implicit method, whereas a sum kernel results in a fast explicit method from this approach. Both correspond to a symplectic Euler method in terms of numerical integration. These methods are applied to the pendulum and the Hénon-Heiles system and results compared to an symmetric regression with orthogonal polynomials. In the limit of small mapping times, the Hamiltonian function can be identified with a part of the generating function and thereby learned from observed time-series data of the system's evolution. Besides comparable performance of implicit kernel and spectral regression for symplectic maps, we demonstrate a substantial increase in performance for learning the Hamiltonian function compared to existing approaches.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures
Kulturen der Schulmusik in der Schweiz: Les cultures de l'enseignement musical à l'école en Suisse
Creators: name: Huber, Jürg (Herausgeber/in)
name: Camp, Marc-Antoine (Herausgeber/in)
name: Blanchard, Olivier (Herausgeber/in)
name: Chatelain, Sabine (Herausgeber/in)
name: Joliat, François (Herausgeber/in)
name: Steiner, Regula (Herausgeber/in)
name: Zurmühle, Jürg (Herausgeber/in)
Publisher: name: Chronos Verlag
Year: 2021
Subjects: Tagungsband

description: Kulturelle Vielfalt gilt gemeinhin als Charakteristikum der viersprachigen Schweiz. Wie sie sich im Bereich der schulischen Musikpädagogik äussert, zeigen zehn Beiträge, die alle Stufen der allgemeinbildenden Schule von der Primarschule bis zum Gymnasium umfassen.Im Zentrum stehen die menschliche Stimme und ihr Gebrauch im Unterricht, was nicht erstaunt bei einem Fach, das seine Bezeichnung erst im letzten Viertel des 20. Jahrhunderts von «Singen» oder «Schulgesang» zu «Musik» geändert hat. Einen weiteren Schwerpunkt bilden institutionelle Entwicklungen und Reflexionen darüber, was die Umgestaltung der schweizerischen Bildungslandschaft in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten für das Fach Musik und die Ausbildung der zuständigen Lehrpersonen bedeutet.
description: + ID der Publikation: phlu_17840 + Art des Beitrages: Tagungsband + Sprache: Deutsch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2024-01-03 11:55:09
Studying physics during the COVID-19 pandemic: Student assessments of learning achievement, perceived effectiveness of online recitations, and online laboratories
Creators: name: Klein, Pascal
name: Ivanjek, Lana
name: Dahlkemper, Merten Nikolay
name: Jeličić, Katarina
name: Geyer, Marie-Annette
name: Küchemann, Stefan
name: Susac, Ana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected the education system worldwide that was responding with a sudden shift to distance learning. Various physics courses such as lectures, tutorials, and the laboratories had to be transferred into online formats rapidly, resulting in a variety of simultaneous, asynchronous, and mixed activities. To investigate how physics students perceived the sudden shift to online learning, we developed a questionnaire and gathered data from N = 578 physics students from five universities in Germany, Austria, and Croatia. In this article, we report how the problem-solving sessions (recitations) and laboratories were adapted, how students' judge different formats of the courses and how useful and effective they perceive them. The results are correlated to the students' self-efficacy ratings and other behavioral measures (such as self-regulated learning skills) and demographics. In a related article, we focus on the online physics lectures and compare simultaneous vs. asynchronous teaching and learning methods (n.n.). We find that good communication abilities and self-organization skills are positively correlated for perceived learning achievement. Furthermore, the previous duration of studies had a significant impact on the students' perceived overall learning achievement, on the students' acquisition of experimental skills during the physics laboratories, and on their assessment of the recitations' effectiveness. That is, students in their first academic year show consistently lower scores than more progressed students. For the physics laboratories, it was found that gathering real data was crucial to the acquisition of experimental skills and the reinforcement of content. For the physics recitations, handing in own solutions for feedback was correlated with perceived effectiveness. We draw conclusions and implications for future online classes.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, Appendix with instrument (questions)
Nuclear Force from Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Ishii, N.
name: Aoki, S.
name: Hatsuda, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nucleon-nucleon (NN) potential is studied by lattice QCD simulations in the quenched approximation, using the plaquette gauge action and the Wilson quark action on a 32^4 (\simeq (4.4 fm)^4) lattice. A NN potential V_{NN}(r) is defined from the equal-time Bethe-Salpeter amplitude with a local interpolating operator for the nucleon. By studying the NN interaction in the ^1S_0 and ^3S_1 channels, we show that the central part of V_{NN}(r) has a strong repulsive core of a few hundred MeV at short distances (r \alt 0.5 fm) surrounded by an attractive well at medium and long distances. These features are consistent with the known phenomenological features of the nuclear force.
description: Physical Review Letters accepted version. 4 pages, 4 figures
Bayesian model of electrical heating disaggregation
Creators: name: Culière, François
name: Leduc, Laetitia
name: Belikov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Adoption of smart meters is a major milestone on the path of European transition to smart energy. The residential sector in France represents $\approx$35\% of electricity consumption with $\approx$40\% (INSEE) of households using electrical heating. The number of deployed smart meters Linky is expected to reach 35M in 2021. In this manuscript we present an analysis of 676 households with an observation period of at least 6 months, for which we have metadata, such as the year of construction and the type of heating and propose a Bayesian model of the electrical consumption conditioned on temperature that allows to disaggregate the heating component from the electrical load curve in an unsupervised manner. In essence the model is a mixture of piece-wise linear models, characterised by a temperature threshold, below which we allow a mixture of two modes to represent the latent state home/away.
description: 5th International Workshop on Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM 2020)
Image Deconvolution Under Poisson Noise Using Sparse Representations and Proximal Thresholding Iteration
Creators: name: Dupé, François-Xavier
name: Fadili, Jalal
name: Starck, Jean Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose an image deconvolution algorithm when the data is contaminated by Poisson noise. The image to restore is assumed to be sparsely represented in a dictionary of waveforms such as the wavelet or curvelet transform. Our key innovations are: First, we handle the Poisson noise properly by using the Anscombe variance stabilizing transform leading to a non-linear degradation equation with additive Gaussian noise. Second, the deconvolution problem is formulated as the minimization of a convex functional with a data-fidelity term reflecting the noise properties, and a non-smooth sparsity-promoting penalties over the image representation coefficients (e.g. l1-norm). Third, a fast iterative backward-forward splitting algorithm is proposed to solve the minimization problem. We derive existence and uniqueness conditions of the solution, and establish convergence of the iterative algorithm. Experimental results are carried out to show the striking benefits gained from taking into account the Poisson statistics of the noise. These results also suggest that using sparse-domain regularization may be tractable in many deconvolution applications, e.g. astronomy or microscopy.
Individual optical variability of Active Galactic Nuclei from the MEXSAS2 sample
Creators: name: Laurenti, M.
name: Vagnetti, F.
name: Middei, R.
name: Paolillo, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most of the variability studies of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are based on ensemble analyses. Nevertheless, it is interesting to provide estimates of the individual variability properties of each AGN, in order to relate them with intrinsic physical quantities. A useful dataset is provided by the Catalina Surveys Data Release 2 (CSDR2), which encompasses almost a decade of photometric measurements of $\sim500$ million objects repeatedly observed hundreds of times. We aim to investigate the individual optical variability properties of 795 AGNs originally included in the Multi-Epoch XMM Serendipitous AGN Sample 2 (MEXSAS2). Our goals consist in: (i) searching for correlations between variability and AGN physical quantities; (ii) extending our knowledge of the variability features of MEXSAS2 from the X-ray to the optical. We use the structure function (SF) to analyse AGN flux variations. We model the SF as a power-law, $\text{SF}(τ)=A\,(τ/τ_0)^γ$, and we compute its variability parameters. We introduce the V-correction as a simple tool to correctly quantify the amount of variability in the rest frame of each source. We find a significant decrease of variability amplitude with increasing bolometric, optical and X-ray luminosity. We obtain the indication of an intrinsically weak positive correlation between variability amplitude and redshift, $z$. Variability amplitude is also positively correlated with $α_\text{ox}$. The slope of the SF, $γ$, is weakly correlated with the bolometric luminosity $L_\text{bol}$ and/or with the black hole mass $M_\text{BH}$. When comparing optical to X-ray variability properties, we find that X-ray variability amplitude is approximately the same for those AGNs with larger or smaller variability amplitude in the optical. On the contrary, AGNs with steeper SF in the optical do present steeper SF in the X-ray, and vice versa.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Upper critical field divergence induced by mesoscopic phase separation in the organic superconductor (TMTSF)2ReO4
Creators: name: Colin, C. V.
name: Salameh, B.
name: Pasquier, C. R.
name: Bechgaard, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the competition of two anion orders, (TMTSF)2ReO4, presents a phase coexistence between semiconducting and metallic (superconducting) regions (filaments or droplets) in a wide range of pressure. In this regime, the superconducting upper critical field for H parallel to both c* and b' axes present a linear part at low fields followed by a divergence above a cross-over field. This cross-over corresponds to the 3D-2D decoupling transition expected in filamentary or granular superconductors. The sharpness of the transition also demonstrates that all filaments are of similar sizes and self organize in a very ordered way. The distance between the filaments and their cross-section are estimated.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Error Correction for Reliable Quantum Computing
Creators: name: Fuentes, Patricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Quantum computers herald the arrival of a new era in which previously intractable computational problems will be solved efficiently. However, quantum technology is held down by decoherence, a phenomenon that is omnipresent in the quantum paradigm and that renders quantum information useless when left unchecked. The science of quantum error correction, a discipline that seeks to combine and protect quantum information from the effects of decoherence using structures known as codes, has arisen to meet this challenge. Stabilizer codes, a particular subclass of quantum codes, have enabled fast progress in the field of quantum error correction by allowing parallels to be drawn with the widely studied field of classical error correction. This has resulted in the construction of the quantum counterparts of well-known capacity-approaching classical codes like sparse codes and quantum turbo codes. However, quantum codes obtained in this manner do not entirely evoke the stupendous error correcting abilities of their classical counterparts. This occurs because classical strategies ignore important differences between the quantum and classical paradigms, an issue that needs to be addressed if quantum error correction is to succeed in its battle with decoherence. In this dissertation we study a phenomenon exclusive to the quantum paradigm, known as degeneracy, and its effects on the performance of sparse quantum codes. Furthermore, we also analyze and present methods to improve the performance of a specific family of sparse quantum codes in various different scenarios.
description: PhD Dissertation. Defended on February 14 2022
Antiparticle to particle ratios and identified hadron spectra in Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions
Creators: name: Veres, Gabor I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New results on antiparticle to particle ratios in Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 62.4 and 200 GeV from the PHOBOS experiment at RHIC are presented. Transverse momentum spectra of pions, kaons, protons and antiprotons from Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 62.4 GeV close to mid-rapidity are also discussed. Antiparticle to particle ratios are found to be remarkably independent of the collision centrality in both colliding systems. The collision energy dependence of the pbar/p ratios is very significant in Cu+Cu collisions. Baryons are found to have substantially harder transverse momentum spectra than mesons. The pT region in which the proton to pion ratio reaches unity in central Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 62.4 GeV fits into a smooth trend as a function of collision energy. The observed particle yields at very low pT are comparable to extrapolations from higher pT for kaons, protons and antiprotons. The net proton yield at mid-rapidity is found to be proportional to the number of participant nucleons in Au+Au collisions at 62.4 and 200 GeV energies.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Presented at the Quark Matter 2006 conference in Shanghai, China
Cooling down Levy flights
Creators: name: Pavlyukevich, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Let L(t) be a Levy flights process with a stability index α\in(0,2), and U be an external multi-well potential. A jump-diffusion Z satisfying a stochastic differential equation dZ(t)=-U'(Z(t-))dt+σ(t)dL(t) describes an evolution of a Levy particle of an `instant temperature' σ(t) in an external force field. The temperature is supposed to decrease polynomially fast, i.e. σ(t)\approx t^{-θ} for some θ>0. We discover two different cooling regimes. If θ<1/α(slow cooling), the jump diffusion Z(t) has a non-trivial limiting distribution as t\to \infty, which is concentrated at the potential's local minima. If θ>1/α(fast cooling) the Levy particle gets trapped in one of the potential wells.
Colossal Brownian yet non-Gaussian diffusion induced by nonequilibrium noise
Creators: name: Białas, K.
name: Łuczka, J.
name: Hänggi, P.
name: Spiechowicz, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on novel Brownian, yet non-Gaussian diffusion, in which the mean square displacement of the particle grows linearly with time, the probability density for the particle spreading is Gaussian-like, however, the probability density for its position increments possesses an exponentially decaying tail. In contrast to recent works in this area, this behaviour is not a consequence of either a space or time-dependent diffusivity, but is induced by external non-thermal noise acting on the particle dwelling in a periodic potential. The existence of the exponential tail in the increment statistics leads to colossal enhancement of diffusion, surpassing drastically the previously researched situation known under the label of "giant" diffusion. This colossal diffusion enhancement crucially impacts a broad spectrum of the first arrival problems, such as diffusion limited reactions governing transport in living cells.
Recordings of child language and child-caregiver interaction with Child 4, a male child aged 6 years, 9 months, 7 days
Creators: name: Skilton, Amalia Horan
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: tca

description: Audio and video recordings of object play between this child and his primary caregiver, with the researcher present.

Audio and video recordings of free play between the child and his primary caregiver, with the researcher not present.

Text file describing contents of recordings.

This is the same child as Child 1 in the 2019 and 2022 materials (2019: Bundle 2018-19.039, 2022: Bundle 2018-19.0125).
Explicit a priori bounds on transfer operator eigenvalues
Creators: name: Bandtlow, Oscar F.
name: Jenkinson, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide explicit bounds on the eigenvalues of transfer operators defined in terms of holomorphic data.
Dynamical-decoupling-protected nonadiabatic holonomic quantum computation
Creators: name: Zhao, P. Z.
name: Wu, X.
name: Tong, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main obstacles to the realization of high-fidelity quantum gates are the control errors arising from inaccurate manipulation of a quantum system and the decoherence caused by the interaction between the quantum system and its environment. Nonadiabatic holonomic quantum computation allows for high-speed implementation of whole-geometric quantum gates, making quantum computation robust against control errors. Dynamical decoupling provides an effective method to protect quantum gates against environment-induced decoherence, regardless of collective decoherence or independent decoherence. In this paper, we put forward a protocol of nonadiabatic holonomic quantum computation protected by dynamical decoupling . Due to the combination of nonadiabatic holonomic quantum computation and dynamical decoupling, our protocol not only possesses the intrinsic robustness against control errors but also protects quantum gates against environment-induced decoherence.
description: 7 pages, no figure
Network Automata: Coupling structure and function in real-world networks
Creators: name: Smith, David M. D.
name: Onnela, Jukka-Pekka
name: Lee, Chiu Fan
name: Fricker, Mark
name: Johnson, Neil F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce Network Automata, a framework which couples the topological evolution of a network to its structure. It is useful for dealing with networks in which the topology evolves according to some specified microscopic rules and, simultaneously, there is a dynamic process taking place on the network that both depends on its structure but is also capable of modifying it. It is a generic framework for modeling systems in which network structure, dynamics, and function are interrelated. At the practical level, this framework allows for easy implementation of the microscopic rules involved in such systems. To demonstrate the approach, we develop a class of simple biologically inspired models of fungal growth.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 tables. Revised content - surplus text and figures removed
The Completeness of Propositional Resolution: A Simple and Constructive
 Proof
Creators: name: Gallier, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1; I.2

description: It is well known that the resolution method (for propositional logic) is complete. However, completeness proofs found in the literature use an argument by contradiction showing that if a set of clauses is unsatisfiable, then it must have a resolution refutation. As a consequence, none of these proofs actually gives an algorithm for producing a resolution refutation from an unsatisfiable set of clauses. In this note, we give a simple and constructive proof of the completeness of propositional resolution which consists of an algorithm together with a proof of its correctness.
description: 7 pages, submitted to LMCS
La centralità della clausola di bilancio della “rappresentazione veritiera e corretta” nel rapporto fra reddito “commerciale” e reddito “fiscale”
Creators: name: Mari, Libero Mario
name: Picciaia, Francesca
Publisher: name: ----
Year: 2023
Subjects: bilancio di esercizio, rappresentazione veritiera e corretta, reddito commerciale, reddito fiscale, interferenze fiscali

description: La recente legge delega di riforma fiscale (legge 111/2023), all’art.9 lett. c), introduce il principio per cui, nell’ottica di una semplificazione degli adempimenti amministrativi, si deve puntare, per quanto possibile, a un concreto avvicinamento dei valori fiscali a quelli “commerciali” di bilancio, così come sanciti dal Codice civile e dai principi contabili nazionali e internazionali. La novità rappresenta un interessante spunto per una più ampia riflessione, anche in chiave storica, dei rapporti e delle interrelazioni fra le determinazioni del bilancio di esercizio e la definizione del reddito imponibile.

Il tema è annoso e ha interessato sia esperti di diritto tributario, che hanno formulato tesi a volte contrastanti, sia gli studiosi di economia aziendale, preoccupati della salvaguardia del ruolo informativo del bilancio di esercizio e della centralità della clausola generale della “rappresentazione veritiera e corretta”, spesso minata dalla presenza di inquinamenti di origine fiscale, giustificati soltanto dal fatto di poter beneficiare di alcuni vantaggi legati al pagamento delle imposte.

È certo che l’introduzione dei principi contabili internazionali, prima, e la rivisitazione dei principi contabili nazionali, a seguito dell’entrata in vigore del D.Lgs. 139/2015 (attuativa della direttiva comunitaria 2013/34/UE), poi, costituiscono due aspetti che hanno rimesso in discussione il rapporto con le norme fiscali, tanto che è stato introdotto, sia per i soggetti IAS adopter che per quelli no IAS adopter, il criterio della “derivazione rafforzata” quale evidente indicatore di come si sia voluto attribuire al bilancio di esercizio e alla clausola generale della “rappresentazione veritiera e corretta” una maggiore, anche se non piena, valenza ai fini della determinazione della base imponibile.
Con il presente studio si intende, pertanto, offrire un quadro generale e complessivo della articolata situazione, così come si è sviluppata nel corso di più di 40 anni, cercando di individuare gli elementi che più di altri hanno, in questo difficile rapporto fra corrette regole “commerciali” e norme tributarie, rischiato di “minare” la capacità informativa del bilancio di esercizio, rappresentando così anche un contributo per comprendere le potenzialità, i confini e i limiti della legge di riforma.
description: ----, Vol 14, No 4 (2023): ISSUE 4/2023
Recordings of child language and child-caregiver interaction with Child 3, a female child aged 5 years, 6 months, 2 days
Creators: name: Skilton, Amalia Horan
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: tca

description: Audio and video recordings of object play with this child and her primary caregiver. Researcher present.

Audio and video recordings of free play between the child and her primary caregiver. Researcher not present.

Text file describing contents of recordings.

This is the same child as Child 5 in the materials collected in 2019 (Bundle 2018-19.043). The child was not deliberately recorded in the 2022 materials, although she does appear in some of the recordings of other children.
High energy scattering in Einstein-Cartan gravity
Creators: name: Bondarenko, S.
name: Pozdnyakov, S.
name: Zubkov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Riemann-Cartan gravity with minimal Palatini action, which is classically equivalent to Einstein gravity. Following the ideas of L.Lipatov \cite{LipGrav} we propose the effective action for this theory aimed at the description of the high-energy scattering of gravitating particles in the multi - Regge kinematics. For that purpose we add to the Palatini action the new terms responsible for the interaction of gravitational quanta with certain collective excitations that replace exchange by multiple gravitational excitations. We propose the heuristic explanation of its particular form based on an analogy to the reggeon field theory of QCD. We argue that Regge kinematics assumes the appearance of an effective two - dimensional model describing the high - energy scattering similar to that of QCD. Such a model may be formulated in a way leading to our final effective theory, which contains interaction between the ordinary quanta of spin connection and vielbein with their effective counterparts that pretend to the role of the gravitational reggeons.
description: Latex, 14 pages
A unique extremal metric for the least eigenvalue of the Laplacian on the Klein bottle
Creators: name: Soufi, Ahmad El
name: Giacomini, Hector
name: Jazar, Mustapha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58J50; 58E11; 35P15

description: We prove the following conjecture recently formulated by Jakobson, Nadirashvili and Polterovich \cite{JNP}: on the Klein bottle $\mathbb{K}$, the metric of revolution $$g_0= {9+ (1+8\cos ^2v)^2\over 1+8\cos ^2v} (du^2 + {dv^2\over 1+8\cos ^2v}),$$ $0\le u
Reverse Climate Change in 40 Years! - (Presentation)
Creators: name: Dert, Vincent
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This presentation gives a quick explanation of how the "Impact Measurement And Conservation System" (IMACS) works. The presentation has 20 slides.

Note: Zenodo version 6 (my version v5) was significantly improved with respect to word choice and style!
Time-reversal symmetry breaking and multigap superconductivity in the noncentrosymmetric superconductor La$_{7}$Ni$_{3}$
Creators: name: Arushi
name: Singh, D.
name: Hillier, A. D.
name: Scheurer, M. S.
name: Singh, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Th$_{7}$Fe$_{3}$ family of superconductors provides a rich playground for unconventional superconductivity. La$_7$Ni$_3$ is the latest member of this family, which we here investigate by means of thermodynamic and muon spin rotation and relaxation measurements. Our specific heat data provides evidence for two distinct and approximately isotropic superconducting gaps. The larger gap has a value slightly higher than that of weak-coupling BCS theory, indicating the presence of significant correlations. These observations are confirmed by transverse-field muon-rotation measurements. Furthermore, zero-field measurements reveal small internal fields in the superconducting state, which occur close to the onset of superconductivity and indicate that the superconducting order parameter breaks time-reversal symmetry. We discuss two possible microscopic scenarios -- an unconventional $E_{2}(1,i)$ state and an $s+i\,s$ superconductor, which is reached by two consecutive transitions -- and illustrate which interactions will favor these phases. Our results establish La$_{7}$Ni$_{3}$ as the first member of the Th$_{7}$Fe$_{3}$ family displaying both time-reversal-symmetry-breaking and multigap superconductivity.
description: 13 Pages, 7 figures
A replica-coupling approach to disordered pinning models
Creators: name: Toninelli, Fabio Lucio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a renewal process τ={τ_0,τ_1,...} on the integers, where the law of τ_i-τ_{i-1} has a power-like tail P(τ_i-τ_{i-1}=n)=n^{-(α+1)}L(n) with α\ge0 and L(.) slowly varying. We then assign a random, n-dependent reward/penalty to the occurrence of the event that the site n belongs to tau. This class of problems includes, among others, (1+d)-dimensional models of pinning of directed polymers on a one-dimensional random defect, (1+1)-dimensional models of wetting of disordered substrates, and the Poland-Scheraga model of DNA denaturation. By varying the average of the reward, the system undergoes a transition from a localized phase where τoccupies a finite fraction of N to a delocalized phase where the density of τvanishes. In absence of disorder the transition is of first order for α>1 and of higher order for α<1. Moreover, for αranging from 1 to 0, the transition ranges from first to infinite order. Presence of even an arbitrarily small amount of disorder is known to modify the order of transition as soon as α>1/2. In physical terms, disorder is relevant in this situation, in agreement with the heuristic Harris criterion. On the other hand, for 0
description: 12 pages; v2: added Theorem 2.6, typos corrected
Low-Temperature Thermopower in CoSbS
Creators: name: Du, Qianheng
name: Abeykoon, Milinda
name: Liu, Yu
name: Kotliar, G.
name: Petrovic, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report giant thermopower S = 2.5 mV/K in CoSbS single crystals, a material that shows strong high-temperature thermoelectric performance when doped with Ni or Se. Changes of low temperature thermopower induced by magnetic field point to mechanism of electronic diffusion of carriers in the heavy valence band. Intrinsic magnetic susceptibility is consistent with the Kondo- Insulator-like accumulation of electronic states around the gap edges. This suggests that giant thermopower stems from temperature-dependent renormalization of the non-interacting bands and buildup of the electronic correlations on cooling.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Domain Walls in a Row-Wise Antiferromagnetic Mn Monolayer
Creators: name: Spethmann, Jonas
name: Grünebohm, Martin
name: Wiesendanger, Roland
name: von Bergmann, Kirsten
name: Kubetzka, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate magnetic domain walls in a single fcc Mn layer on Re(0001) employing spin-polarized STM, atom manipulation, and spin dynamics simulations. The low symmetry of the row-wise antiferromagnetic (1Q) state leads to a new type of domain wall which connects rotational 1Q domains by a transient 2Q state with characteristic 90$^\circ$ angles between neighboring magnetic moments. The domain wall properties depend on their orientation and their width of about 2 nm essentially results from a balance of Heisenberg and higher-order exchange interactions. Atom manipulation allows domain wall imaging with atomic spin-resolution, as well as domain wall positioning, and we demonstrate that the force to move an atom is anisotropic on the 1Q domain.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Recordings of child language and child-caregiver interaction with Child 1, a female child aged 7 years, 10 months, 13 days, and Child 2, a female child aged 5 years, 8 months, 11 days
Creators: name: Skilton, Amalia Horan
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: tca

description: Audio and video recordings of object play with these two children, who are siblings, and their primary caregiver. Researcher present.

Audio and video recordings of object play with these two children, who are siblings, and their primary caregiver. Researcher not present.

Text file describing contents of recordings.

Child 1 is the same person as Child 4 in the materials collected in 2019 (Bundle 2018-19.042) and Child 3 in the materials collected in 2022 (Bundle 2018-19.0127).

Child 2 is the same person as Child 9 in the materials collected in 2019 (Bundle 2018-19.042, Bundle 2018-19.047). She was recorded incidentally with her sister in 2022 but not enrolled as a participant that year due to her age.
Topological 4-manifolds with geometrically 2-dimensional fundamental groups
Creators: name: Hambleton, Ian
name: Kreck, Matthias
name: Teichner, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57N13, 57R65

description: Closed oriented 4-manifolds with the same geometrically 2-dimensional fundamental group (satisfying certain properties) are classified up to $s$-cobordism by their $w_2$-type, equivariant intersection form and the Kirby-Siebenmann invariant. As an application, we obtain a complete homeomorphism classification of closed oriented 4-manifolds with solvable Baumslag-Solitar fundamental groups, including a precise realization result.
description: 27 pages. Minor corrections and writing improvements in this revision following a referee's report