cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Americans' attitudes toward gays and lesbians since 1965
Creators: name: Rogers, Marc Alan
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Public opinion has played an increasingly important role in politicians' and policymakers' decisionmaking, prompting political scientists to analyze the public's views toward numerous social issues. Attitudes toward gays and lesbians, however, have not been well-examined, despite the issue's intensifying political and social divisiveness. I investigate the degree, direction, and sources of change in public acceptance of gays and lesbians, and attitudes toward guaranteeing their civil rights and liberties. This is accomplished in three parts. First, I retrieved every polling question on the topic of homosexuals, gays, and lesbians from the archives of the Roper Center for Public Opinion Research through November 1996 for a trend analysis. I then analyzed longitudinal change using Gallup and General Social Survey data by performing cohort and changing demographic effects analyses. Americans support lesbians' and gays' freedom to express themselves and support for their civil liberties has grown consistently into the 1990s. There are positive attitude trends regarding at least one civil rights issue-job discrimination---but there are no such trends toward equal rights legislation or toward legalization of same-sex relations. A positive trend may be developing in favor of lesbians' and gays' right to adopt children. Support for gay marriage, however, has stagnated. Public acceptance of homosexuality as a different or alternative lifestyle has increased since the 1970s, and in the 1990s, substantially less of the public believes homosexuality is wrong than in previous decades. Most other acceptance measures exhibit little progress. Cohort analysis reveals that more recent opinion change has been due largely to people changing their minds favorably. With that development, the pace of change has increased, which may indicate that more rapid shifts are on the horizon. Demographic effects have been surprisingly stable over time, with better educated and younger Americans more likely to support gays' liberties and rights and to be more accepting toward them. Jews and those of no religious affiliation are more likely than Protestants to express gay-supportive attitudes on all categories of measures, and males are often more negative than females toward lesbians and gays, especially regarding employment and social acceptance issues.
Nuclear modification factors, directed and elliptic flow of electrons from open heavy flavor decays in Au+Au collisions from STAR
Creators: name: Kelsey, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analyses of single electrons from semileptonic bottom and charm hadron decays at mid-rapidity in $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 and 54.4 GeV Au+Au collisions (talk in Heavy-Flavor session III). The data at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV incorporate information from the Heavy Flavor Tracker which enables the topological separation of electrons originating from bottom and charm hadron decays. We report the first STAR measurements at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV of $v_{2}$ for bottom decay electrons as a function of $p_{T}$ and $v_{1}$ for charm decay electrons as a function of electron rapidity. Additionally, we present the improved measurements of heavy-flavor decay electron $R_{AA}$ and a new measurement of the ratio of $R_{CP}$ between bottom and charm decay electrons. Finally, we also report the measurement of non-photonic electron $v_{2}$ in $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 54.4 GeV data collected during the 2017 RHIC run.
Synthesis of a magnetic polyvinylferrocene-tetracyano ethylene complex
Creators: name: Benavides, Jeannette Maria
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 3406
subject: Physical chemistry

description: A polymeric magnet was produced by reacting polyvinylferrocene (PVFE) with tetracyanoethylene (TCNE). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) reveals that the Fe +2 of the ferrocene pendant group of the polymer has been oxidized to the Fe+3 state in the magnet, as confirmed by the shift of the out-of-plane bending band of the C-H bonds in the cyclopentadiene rings from 816 cm-1 to 851 cm-1, as well as the shift of the metal ion ligand vibration in the ferrocene moiety from 480 cm -1 to 552 cm-1. The proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum shows shifts of the aromatic H atoms of the ferrocene rings from 4.05 ppm in the PVFE to 4.15 ppm in the PVFE/TCNE complex, consistent with the removal of electron density from the vicinity of the cyclopentadiene rings. The inverse of the mass magnetization vs. temperature curve yields a Curie temperature, Tc, near 2° K. It is possible to extrapolate several values of theta around 170° K, indicating the presence of more than one type of magnetic domain. The fitting of the magnetization data to the Brillouin function results in three possible fits. The 57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy showed one of the magnetic species is a superparamagnet. At 2° K the magnetization curve exhibits the hysteresis characteristic of the ferromagnetic state with coercive fields of 200--5000 G. Computer modeling suggests that the cyclopentadiene rings are oriented at an angle of 32° in the PVFE/TCNE complex. This model implies that there is but one TCNE molecules available to oxidize each iron center PVFE, leading to the Fe+3 state, the magnetism and the ring distortion in the PVFE/TCNE complex. In contradistinction, the cyclopentadiene rings are parallel in the diamagnetic complex formed by the reaction of ferrocene with TCNE with more than two TCNE molecules competing for the electron on each iron center. Here, iron is not oxidized by TCNE. These geometrical features provide a very likely explanation of the differences in their magnetic behaviors and will be discussed extensively herein. The potential applications of this and future magnetic polymers of high molecular weight will also be discussed.
Hidden Symmetries and their Consequences in $t_{2g}$ Cubic Perovskites
Creators: name: Harris, A. B.
name: Yildirim, T.
name: Aharony, A.
name: Entin-Wohlman, O.
name: Korenblit, I. Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The five-band Hubbard model for a $d$ band with one electron per site is a model which has very interesting properties when the relevant ions are located at sites with high (e. g. cubic) symmetry. In that case, if the crystal field splitting is large one may consider excitations confined to the lowest threefold degenerate $t_{2g}$ orbital states. When the electron hopping matrix element ($t$) is much smaller than the on-site Coulomb interaction energy ($U$), the Hubbard model can be mapped onto the well-known effective Hamiltonian (at order $t^{2}/U$) derived by Kugel and Khomskii (KK). Recently we have shown that the KK Hamiltonian does not support long range spin order at any nonzero temperature due to several novel hidden symmetries that it possesses. Here we extend our theory to show that these symmetries also apply to the underlying three-band Hubbard model. Using these symmetries we develop a rigorous Mermin-Wagner construction, which shows that the three-band Hubbard model does not support spontaneous long-range spin order at any nonzero temperature and at any order in $t/U$ -- despite the three-dimensional lattice structure. Introduction of spin-orbit coupling does allow spin ordering, but even then the excitation spectrum is gapless due to a subtle continuous symmetry. Finally we showed that these hidden symmetries dramatically simplify the numerical exact diagonalization studies of finite clusters.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures, 520 KB, submitted Phys. Rev. B
Large-scale peculiar velocity fields: Newtonian vs relativistic treatment
Creators: name: Filippou, Konstantinos
name: Tsagas, Christos G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ a perturbative analysis to study the evolution of large-scale peculiar velocity fields within the framework of Newtonian gravity and then compare our results to those of the corresponding relativistic treatment. In so doing, we use the same mathematical formalism and apply the same physical approach. This facilitates a direct and transparent comparison between the two treatments. Our study recovers and extends the familiar Newtonian results on the one hand, while on the other it shows that the Newtonian analysis leads to substantially weaker growth-rates for the peculiar velocity field, compared to the relativistic approach. This implies that, by using Newton's rather than Einstein's theory, one could seriously underestimate the overall kinematic evolution of cosmological peculiar motions. We are also in the position to identify the reason the two theories arrive at such considerably different results and conclusions.
description: Typos corrected. Published version
Synthesis of a magnetic polyvinylferrocene-tetracyano ethylene complex
Creators: name: Benavides, Jeannette Maria
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: A polymeric magnet was produced by reacting polyvinylferrocene (PVFE) with tetracyanoethylene (TCNE). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) reveals that the Fe +2 of the ferrocene pendant group of the polymer has been oxidized to the Fe+3 state in the magnet, as confirmed by the shift of the out-of-plane bending band of the C-H bonds in the cyclopentadiene rings from 816 cm-1 to 851 cm-1, as well as the shift of the metal ion ligand vibration in the ferrocene moiety from 480 cm -1 to 552 cm-1. The proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectrum shows shifts of the aromatic H atoms of the ferrocene rings from 4.05 ppm in the PVFE to 4.15 ppm in the PVFE/TCNE complex, consistent with the removal of electron density from the vicinity of the cyclopentadiene rings. The inverse of the mass magnetization vs. temperature curve yields a Curie temperature, Tc, near 2° K. It is possible to extrapolate several values of theta around 170° K, indicating the presence of more than one type of magnetic domain. The fitting of the magnetization data to the Brillouin function results in three possible fits. The 57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy showed one of the magnetic species is a superparamagnet. At 2° K the magnetization curve exhibits the hysteresis characteristic of the ferromagnetic state with coercive fields of 200--5000 G. Computer modeling suggests that the cyclopentadiene rings are oriented at an angle of 32° in the PVFE/TCNE complex. This model implies that there is but one TCNE molecules available to oxidize each iron center PVFE, leading to the Fe+3 state, the magnetism and the ring distortion in the PVFE/TCNE complex. In contradistinction, the cyclopentadiene rings are parallel in the diamagnetic complex formed by the reaction of ferrocene with TCNE with more than two TCNE molecules competing for the electron on each iron center. Here, iron is not oxidized by TCNE. These geometrical features provide a very likely explanation of the differences in their magnetic behaviors and will be discussed extensively herein. The potential applications of this and future magnetic polymers of high molecular weight will also be discussed.
eBook Intelligence (8th Annual Health Sciences Lively Lunch): Developments 2007-2008
Creators: name: Kubilius, Ramune K.
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Charleston Conference
subject: Libraries, Medical
subject: Scholarly publishing

description: Handout prepared for and presented in synopsis during a brief (traditional) annual update of interesting and noteworthy trends in the health publishing and health information sectors that occurred or were noticed since the 2007 Health Sciences Lively Lunch at the Charleston Conference: Issues in Book and Serial Acquisition. (8th Lively Lunch took place on Thursday, November 6, 2008 in Charleston, SC).
description: presentation_location: Charleston (S.C.)
Additional file 12 of Phylogenetic relationship between Australian Fusarium oxysporum isolates and resolving the species complex using the multispecies coalescent model
Creators: name: Saidi R. Achari
name: Kaur, Jatinder
name: Dinh, Quang
name: Mann, Ross
name: Sawbridge, Tim
name: Summerell, Brett A.
name: Edwards, Jacqueline
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 12: Supplementary Figure 9. Species tree estimation of Lombard et al. [19] multi-locus DNA sequence dataset using multispecies coalescent (MSC) model in *BEAST. The species denoted by 21, 17 and 9 are F. veterinarium, F. oxysporum and F. foetens respectively. Fusarium foetens is the outgroup. Numbers above branches indicate node support as posterior probabilities.
Walks avoiding a quadrant and the reflection principle
Creators: name: Bousquet-Mélou, Mireille
name: Wallner, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15, 05A16, 05A19

description: We continue the enumeration of plane lattice walks with small steps avoiding the negative quadrant, initiated by the first author in 2016. We solve in detail a new case, namely the king model where all eight nearest neighbour steps are allowed. The associated generating function is proved to be the sum of a simple, explicit D-finite series (related to the number of walks confined to the first quadrant), and an algebraic one. This was already the case for the two models solved by the first author in 2016. The principle of the approach is also the same, but challenging theoretical and computational difficulties arise as we now handle algebraic series of larger degree.
 We expect a similar algebraicity phenomenon to hold for the seven Weyl step sets, which are those for which walks confined to the first quadrant can be counted using the reflection principle. With this paper, this is now proved for three of them. For the remaining four, we predict the D-finite part of the solution, and in three of the four cases, give evidence for the algebraicity of the remaining part.
description: 48 pages, 6 figures, 6 tables; full version of the extended abstract arXiv:2109.14307 that appeared in the proceedings of the Analysis of Algorithms Conference 2020
Leadership attributes of deans of education as perceived by deans of education
Creators: name: Best, Emma Rogers
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The purposes of this quantitative, descriptive study were to determine which leader attributes were most essential and least essential for deans of education as judged by current deans of education and to develop a profile of leader attributes perceived by these deans as essential for effective leadership. The researcher identified participants in this study from the 1998 membership directory of the American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education. The researcher mailed 363 surveys to individuals identified in the directory as dean of the college, school, division, or graduate school of education. Of the 363 individuals identified, 195 (53%) responded to the survey; 182 (50%) of the surveys were usable. The 182 deans in this study are from institutions in 41 states, the District of Columbia, Guam, and Puerto Rico. The survey used in this study was adapted from the Leader Attributes Inventory Rating-by-Observer Form (LAI) developed by Jerome Moss in 1989 and revised in 1993. The survey consists of five parts: Part I, Institutional Demographics: Part II, Leader Attributes Ratings; Part III, Absolutely Essential and Least Essential Attribute Rankings; and Part IV, Personal Demographics. The deans rated 37 leader attributes using a Likert-type scale that measured perceptions from Very Undescriptive to Very Descriptive. In addition, deans were instructed to select from the 37 leader attributes, five attributes perceived as Most essential and five attributes perceived as Least essential for effective deans of education, and rank them in highest order of priority. For clarity, the survey categorized attributes under four heading---Internal, Interpersonal, Moral, and Management leader attributes. Using quantitative methodology, this study examined the relationships between gender, deans at land-grant and nonland-grant institutions, public and private institutions, and small, medium, and large institutions. All 37 of the leader attributes were perceived as at least descriptive of an effective dean of education, and five leader attributes were revealed to be most essential for effective leadership. In addition, deans agreed on which leader attributes generalized a profile of effective deans of education.
Entangled subspaces and quantum symmetries
Creators: name: Bracken, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement is defined for each vector subspace of the tensor product of two finite-dimensional Hilbert spaces, by applying the notion of operator entanglement to the projection operator onto that subspace. The operator Schmidt decomposition of the projection operator defines a string of Schmidt coefficients for each subspace, and this string is assumed to characterize the entanglement of the subspace, so that a first subspace is more entangled than a second, if the Schmidt string of the second subspace majorizes the Schmidt string of the first. The idea is applied to the antisymmetric and symmetric tensor products of a finite-dimensional Hilbert space with itself, and also to the tensor product of an angular momentum j with a spin 1/2. When adapted to the subspaces of states of the nonrelativistic hydrogen atom with definite total angular momentum (orbital plus spin), within the space of bound states with a given total energy, this leads to a complete ordering of those subspaces by their Schmidt strings.
description: Latex2e file, 15 pages
A fundamental test for MOND
Creators: name: Marra, Valerio
name: Rodrigues, Davi C.
name: de Almeida, Álefe O. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Radial Acceleration Relation (RAR) shows a strong correlation between two accelerations associated to galaxy rotation curves. The relation between these accelerations is given by a nonlinear function which depends on an acceleration scale $a_\dagger$. Some have interpreted this as an evidence for a gravity model, such as Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND), which posits a fundamental acceleration scale $a_0$ common to all the galaxies. However, it was later shown, using Bayesian inference, that this seems not to be the case: the $a_0$ credible intervals for individual galaxies were not found to be compatible among themselves. This type of test is a fundamental test for MOND as a theory for gravity, since it directly evaluates its basic assumption and this using the data that most favor MOND: galaxy rotation curves. Here we improve upon the previous analyses by introducing a more robust method to assess the compatibility between the credible intervals, in particular without Gaussian approximations. We directly estimate, using a Monte Carlo simulation, that the existence of a fundamental acceleration is incompatible with the data at more than $5σ$. We also consider quality cuts in order to show that our results are robust against outliers. In conclusion, the new analysis further supports the claim that the acceleration scale found in the RAR is an emergent quantity.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures; version accepted for publication in MNRAS
Constructive proposals for QFT based on the crossing property and on lightfront holography {Dedicated to Jacques Bros on the occasion of his 70th birthday}
Creators: name: Schroer, Bert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent concept of modular localization of wedge algebras suggests two methods of classifying and constructing QFTs, one based on particle-like generators of wedge algebras using on-shell concepts (S-matrix, formfactors. crossing property) and the other using the off-shell simplification of lightfront holography (chiral theories). The lack of an operator interpretation of the crossing property is a serious obstacle in on-shell constructions. In special cases one can define a ``masterfield'' whose connected formfactors constitute an auxiliary thermal QFT for which the KMS cyclicity equation is identical to the crossing property of the formfactors of the master field. Further progress is expected to result from a conceptual understanding of the role of on-shell concepts as particle states and the S-matrix within the holographic lightfront projection.
description: 46 pages, addition of a new section on algebraic lightfront holography, references added
Additional file 2 of Physical activity and exercise for older people living with HIV: a protocol for a scoping review
Creators: name: Chetty, Levin
name: Cobbing, Saul
name: Verusia Chetty
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 2. Draft Search Strategy.
Leadership attributes of deans of education as perceived by deans of education
Creators: name: Best, Emma Rogers
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3903
subject: Education systems
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: The purposes of this quantitative, descriptive study were to determine which leader attributes were most essential and least essential for deans of education as judged by current deans of education and to develop a profile of leader attributes perceived by these deans as essential for effective leadership. The researcher identified participants in this study from the 1998 membership directory of the American Association of Colleges for Teacher Education. The researcher mailed 363 surveys to individuals identified in the directory as dean of the college, school, division, or graduate school of education. Of the 363 individuals identified, 195 (53%) responded to the survey; 182 (50%) of the surveys were usable. The 182 deans in this study are from institutions in 41 states, the District of Columbia, Guam, and Puerto Rico. The survey used in this study was adapted from the Leader Attributes Inventory Rating-by-Observer Form (LAI) developed by Jerome Moss in 1989 and revised in 1993. The survey consists of five parts: Part I, Institutional Demographics: Part II, Leader Attributes Ratings; Part III, Absolutely Essential and Least Essential Attribute Rankings; and Part IV, Personal Demographics. The deans rated 37 leader attributes using a Likert-type scale that measured perceptions from Very Undescriptive to Very Descriptive. In addition, deans were instructed to select from the 37 leader attributes, five attributes perceived as Most essential and five attributes perceived as Least essential for effective deans of education, and rank them in highest order of priority. For clarity, the survey categorized attributes under four heading---Internal, Interpersonal, Moral, and Management leader attributes. Using quantitative methodology, this study examined the relationships between gender, deans at land-grant and nonland-grant institutions, public and private institutions, and small, medium, and large institutions. All 37 of the leader attributes were perceived as at least descriptive of an effective dean of education, and five leader attributes were revealed to be most essential for effective leadership. In addition, deans agreed on which leader attributes generalized a profile of effective deans of education.
Single-shot autofocusing of microscopy images using deep learning
Creators: name: Luo, Yilin
name: Huang, Luzhe
name: Rivenson, Yair
name: Ozcan, Aydogan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a deep learning-based offline autofocusing method, termed Deep-R, that is trained to rapidly and blindly autofocus a single-shot microscopy image of a specimen that is acquired at an arbitrary out-of-focus plane. We illustrate the efficacy of Deep-R using various tissue sections that were imaged using fluorescence and brightfield microscopy modalities and demonstrate snapshot autofocusing under different scenarios, such as a uniform axial defocus as well as a sample tilt within the field-of-view. Our results reveal that Deep-R is significantly faster when compared with standard online algorithmic autofocusing methods. This deep learning-based blind autofocusing framework opens up new opportunities for rapid microscopic imaging of large sample areas, also reducing the photon dose on the sample.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures, 9 supplementary figures, 2 supplementary tables
Enumeration of three-quadrant walks via invariants: some diagonally symmetric models
Creators: name: Bousquet-Mélou, Mireille
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15 (Primary) 60C05 (Secondary)

description: In the past 20 years, the enumeration of plane lattice walks confined to a convex cone -- normalized into the first quadrant -- has received a lot of attention, stimulated the development of several original approaches, and led to a rich collection of results. Most of them deal with the nature of the associated generating function: for which models is it algebraic, D-finite, D-algebraic? By model, what we mean is a finite collection of allowed steps.
 More recently, similar questions have been raised for non-convex cones, typically the three-quadrant cone $C = \{ (i,j) : i \geq 0 \text{ or } j \geq 0 \}$. They turn out to be more difficult than their quadrant counterparts. In this paper, we investigate a collection of eight models in $C$. This collection consists of diagonally symmetric models in $\{-1, 0,1\}^2\setminus\{(-1,1), (1,-1)\}$. Three of them are known not to be D-algebraic. We show that the remaining five can be solved in a uniform fashion using Tutte's notion of \emph{invariants}, which has already proved useful for some quadrant models. Three models are found to be algebraic, one is (only) D-finite, and the last one is (only) D-algebraic. We also solve in the same fashion the diagonal model $\{ \nearrow, \nwarrow, \swarrow, \searrow\}$, which is D-finite. The three algebraic models are those of the Kreweras trilogy, $S=\{\nearrow, \leftarrow, \downarrow\}$, $S'=\{\rightarrow, \uparrow, \swarrow\}$, and $S\cup S'$.
 Our solutions take similar forms for all six models. Roughly speaking, the square of the generating function of three-quadrant walks with steps in $S$ is an explicit rational function in the quadrant generating function with steps in $\{(j-i,j): (i,j) \in S\}$. We derive various corollaries, including an explicit algebraic description of the positive harmonic function in $C$ for the five models that are at least D-finite.
description: 56 pages
Quantum behavior of a charged particle in an axial magnetic field
Creators: name: Das, A.
name: Frenkel, J.
name: Pereira, S. H.
name: Taylor, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study some aspects of the quantum theory of a charged particle moving in a time-independent, uni-directional magnetic field. When the field is uniform, we make a few clarifying remarks on the use of angular momentum eigenstates and momentum eigenstates with the diamagnetism of a free electron gas as an example. When the field is non-uniform but weakly varying, we discuss both perturbative and non-perturbative methods for studying a quantum mechanical system. As an application, we derive the quantized energy levels of a charged particle in a Helmholtz coil, which go over to the usual Landau levels in the limit of a uniform field.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Baryogenesis in $f(Q,\mathcal{T})$ Gravity
Creators: name: Bhattacharjee, Snehasish
name: Sahoo, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The article communicates exploration of gravitational baryogenesis in presence of $f(Q,\mathcal{ T})$ gravity where $Q$ denote the nonmetricity and $\mathcal{ T}$ the trace of the energy momentum tensor. We study various baryogenesis interactions proportional to $\dot{Q}$ and $\dot{Q}f_{Q}$ for the $f(Q,\mathcal{ T})$ gravity model $f(Q,\mathcal{ T})=αQ ^{n+1} + β\mathcal{ T}$, where $α$, $β$ and $n$ are model parameters. Additionally we report the viable parameter spaces for which an observationally consistent baryon-to-entropy can be generated. Our results indicate that $f(Q,\mathcal{ T})$ gravity can contribute significantly and consistently to the phenomenon of gravitational baryognesis.
description: EPJ C accepted version
The use of right angle fluorescence spectroscopy to discriminate the botanical origin of Greek common honey
Creators: name: Xagoraris, Marinos
name: Panagiota- Kyriaki Revelou
name: Alissandrakis, Eleftherios
name: Tarantilis, Petros A.
name: Pappas, Christos S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Supplementary Tables
On the mass difference between proton and neutron
Creators: name: Gasser, J.
name: Leutwyler, H.
name: Rusetsky, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cottingham formula expresses the electromagnetic part of the mass of a particle in terms of the virtual Compton scattering amplitude. At large photon momenta, this amplitude is dominated by short distance singularities associated with operators of spin 0 and spin 2. In the difference between proton and neutron, chiral symmetry suppresses the spin 0 term. Although the angular integration removes the spin 2 singularities altogether, the various pieces occurring in the standard decomposition of the Cottingham formula do pick up such contributions. These approach asymptotics extremely slowly because the relevant Wilson coefficients only fall off logarithmically. We rewrite the formula in such a way that the leading spin 2 contributions are avoided ab initio. Using a sum rule that follows from Reggeon dominance, the numerical evaluation of the e.m. part of the mass difference between proton and neutron yields $m_{QED}^{p-n}=0.58\pm 0.16\,$MeV. The result indicates that the inelastic contributions are small compared to the elastic ones.
description: 11 pages. A typo in Eq. (21) corrected
The challenge of social experience for children with disabilities
Creators: name: Haywood, Carol Eileen
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disability
subject: Stigma
subject: Pediatric
subject: Disabled Children
subject: Disabled Persons
subject: Interpersonal Relations

description: Proceedings of the Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry Research Day 2014, Los Angeles, CA.
description: Background: As children with disabilities approach participation, they encounter many challenges. Little has been done to understand the facilitators and barriers to social engagements in the daily lives of children and their families. Purpose: This investigation examines ethnographic data to understand the role of stigma in the development and social participation of African Americanchildren with disabilities and their families. Methods: For the present analysis, a subset of data has been drawn from a 15-year, three-phase, longitudinal ethnographic study collectively titled Boundary Crossings, a study of African American children with special health care needs, their families, and the practitioners who provided services.Results: In the observation of daily life experiences for children with special needs and their families, themes of marginalization based on unique qualities and abilities of the child and family emerged across families stories. While both individual and societal influences are apparent in this data, this analysis focuses on the joint actions and interactions between mothers and their children. Many families in this study narrated experiences of anticipating and/or encountering harsh criticisms and marginalization in social contexts. In some families, stigma was co-managed between the parents and the children. In others, children more autonomously attempted to manage constraints on participation. Implications related to identity, sense of self, stigma, and social engagements are discussed. Conclusion: Though stigma was not a term used by the families themselves, data analysis revealed ways the families understood and managed stigma. Profound examples emerged of how stigma affects family roles and how family roles affect stigma.
description: presentation_location: Los Angeles, California, United States
description: original_citation: Haywood, C.E., & Lawlor, M.C. (2014). Challenge of social experience for children with disabilities. Explorer, 6, 64.
Effect of supercritical carbon dioxide on the decomposition products of glucosinolates and myrosinase activity
Creators: name: Abdulle Egal, Abdinasir M.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: There is a growing need in the food industry to inactivate enzymes remaining in food products. These enzymes cause unpleasant changes and degrade food quality during storage and distribution. There is also a need to isolate the biologically active constituents in food products. There is also a desire in the biotechnology industry to explore the use Of SC-CO2 as an enzymatic reaction medium, an alternative to organic solvents. The effect of supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) on myrosinase activity was studied. To better understand the behavior of myrosinase in SC-CO 2, myrosinase was isolated from yellow mustard seeds and subjected to SC-CO2 treatment under various conditions. The SC-CO2 parameters investigated were temperature, pressure, exposure time, moisture, and modifiers. The experimental data showed that the enzymatic activity of isolated crude myrosinase was significantly affected (P < 0.05) by increases in temperature. Pressure changes in the range of 6.8--24.3 MPa and exposure time did not have significant effect on myrosinase activity (P > 0.05). A combination of moisture (ca. 26%) and SC-CO2 treatment at 60°C and 24.3 MPa for 10 min resulted in a 96% reduction of myrosinase activity in mustard seeds. No significant change in enzyme activity was observed at moisture level of ca. 7%. Myrosinase activity in a crude enzyme extract was retained after addition of 4% to 6% (v/v) modifiers such as ethanol, phosphate buffer, water, and ion-pair reagent under SC-CO2 conditions of 24.3 MPa and 35°C. SFE recovery studies were performed for two enzymatic hydrolysis products of sinigrin before investigating the mechanism of myrosinase activity loss under SC-CO2 conditions of 24.3 MPa and 35°C. Percent recoveries of 95% +/- 5% and 96 +/- 5% were obtained for allylisothiocyanate and allylcyanide respectively. Allylisothiocyanate was the only product formed after myrosinase hydrolysis reaction of sinigrin in a non-SC-CO2 conditions at pH 6.5. Whereas, both products were formed after in-situ ion-pairing enzyme hydrolysis reaction of sinigrin in SC-CO2 conditions. Reduction in pH was not the cause of myrosinase activity loss due to the SC-CO 2 treatment.
Effect of supercritical carbon dioxide on the decomposition products of glucosinolates and myrosinase activity
Creators: name: Abdulle Egal, Abdinasir M.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 3401
subject: Analytical chemistry

description: There is a growing need in the food industry to inactivate enzymes remaining in food products. These enzymes cause unpleasant changes and degrade food quality during storage and distribution. There is also a need to isolate the biologically active constituents in food products. There is also a desire in the biotechnology industry to explore the use Of SC-CO2 as an enzymatic reaction medium, an alternative to organic solvents. The effect of supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) on myrosinase activity was studied. To better understand the behavior of myrosinase in SC-CO 2, myrosinase was isolated from yellow mustard seeds and subjected to SC-CO2 treatment under various conditions. The SC-CO2 parameters investigated were temperature, pressure, exposure time, moisture, and modifiers. The experimental data showed that the enzymatic activity of isolated crude myrosinase was significantly affected (P < 0.05) by increases in temperature. Pressure changes in the range of 6.8--24.3 MPa and exposure time did not have significant effect on myrosinase activity (P > 0.05). A combination of moisture (ca. 26%) and SC-CO2 treatment at 60°C and 24.3 MPa for 10 min resulted in a 96% reduction of myrosinase activity in mustard seeds. No significant change in enzyme activity was observed at moisture level of ca. 7%. Myrosinase activity in a crude enzyme extract was retained after addition of 4% to 6% (v/v) modifiers such as ethanol, phosphate buffer, water, and ion-pair reagent under SC-CO2 conditions of 24.3 MPa and 35°C. SFE recovery studies were performed for two enzymatic hydrolysis products of sinigrin before investigating the mechanism of myrosinase activity loss under SC-CO2 conditions of 24.3 MPa and 35°C. Percent recoveries of 95% +/- 5% and 96 +/- 5% were obtained for allylisothiocyanate and allylcyanide respectively. Allylisothiocyanate was the only product formed after myrosinase hydrolysis reaction of sinigrin in a non-SC-CO2 conditions at pH 6.5. Whereas, both products were formed after in-situ ion-pairing enzyme hydrolysis reaction of sinigrin in SC-CO2 conditions. Reduction in pH was not the cause of myrosinase activity loss due to the SC-CO 2 treatment.
Job displacement in the dual labor market
Creators: name: Klayman, Douglas Bradley
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This study examines the impact of permanent job loss on the occupational and financial losses (and gains) of displaced workers using a (worker-level) dual labor market approach. Specifically, the analysis shows the relative probabilities of displaced workers transitioning to employment or unemployment status, in either the primary or secondary labor markets, by identifying the predictors of downward mobility, upward mobility, and prolonged periods of unemployment. The use of the dual labor market conceptualization in evaluating labor market transitions allows economic conditions (i.e. employment rates, employer demand for labor) to vary across (primary and secondary) industrial sectors and alter reemployment prospects for various labor market participants differentially. The conceptual model consists of eight "states" or labor market locations. Outcomes for each displaced worker are measured once for the transition out of work to unemployment (Time 1/T1) and once for the transition out of unemployment to employment (Time 2/T2). The key findings of this study are characterized by the pervasiveness of the discrimination variables that improve the likelihood of negative outcomes for both PLM and SLM workers. Minorities, women, and immigrants, regardless of labor market origin, are more likely to experience downward mobility (PLM), less likely to improve their occupational situation (upward mobility), and stay unemployed for a longer period of time than white, native-born, males. Thus, discrimination remains a significant factor in predicting labor market outcomes for displaced workers. In addition, union membership is an important factor which improves displacement outcomes, while discouraged workers who cease active job search prematurely, are likely to experience downward mobility. In addition, a discriminant analysis model shows a clear distinction between labor markets. Although only two broad strata (PLM/SLM) and two sub-strata (Full Time-Part Time) were used in this study, major differences were found among the eight groups in terms of their demographic characteristics and labor market outcomes. A combination of policies that resolve structural barriers and wide-spread discrimination and stigmatization of minorities, women, and immigrant workers must be identified in order to reduce inequality in the labor market. Cultural awareness training, job search support, and some regulation of capital are important policies to consider.
Job displacement in the dual labor market
Creators: name: Klayman, Douglas Bradley
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4410
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This study examines the impact of permanent job loss on the occupational and financial losses (and gains) of displaced workers using a (worker-level) dual labor market approach. Specifically, the analysis shows the relative probabilities of displaced workers transitioning to employment or unemployment status, in either the primary or secondary labor markets, by identifying the predictors of downward mobility, upward mobility, and prolonged periods of unemployment. The use of the dual labor market conceptualization in evaluating labor market transitions allows economic conditions (i.e. employment rates, employer demand for labor) to vary across (primary and secondary) industrial sectors and alter reemployment prospects for various labor market participants differentially. The conceptual model consists of eight "states" or labor market locations. Outcomes for each displaced worker are measured once for the transition out of work to unemployment (Time 1/T1) and once for the transition out of unemployment to employment (Time 2/T2). The key findings of this study are characterized by the pervasiveness of the discrimination variables that improve the likelihood of negative outcomes for both PLM and SLM workers. Minorities, women, and immigrants, regardless of labor market origin, are more likely to experience downward mobility (PLM), less likely to improve their occupational situation (upward mobility), and stay unemployed for a longer period of time than white, native-born, males. Thus, discrimination remains a significant factor in predicting labor market outcomes for displaced workers. In addition, union membership is an important factor which improves displacement outcomes, while discouraged workers who cease active job search prematurely, are likely to experience downward mobility. In addition, a discriminant analysis model shows a clear distinction between labor markets. Although only two broad strata (PLM/SLM) and two sub-strata (Full Time-Part Time) were used in this study, major differences were found among the eight groups in terms of their demographic characteristics and labor market outcomes. A combination of policies that resolve structural barriers and wide-spread discrimination and stigmatization of minorities, women, and immigrant workers must be identified in order to reduce inequality in the labor market. Cultural awareness training, job search support, and some regulation of capital are important policies to consider.
A de Broglie-Bohm Like Model for Klein-Gordon Equation
Creators: name: Chavoya-Aceves, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A de Broglie-Bohm like model of Klein-Gordon equation, that leads to the correct Schrodinger equation in the low-speed limit, is presented. Under this theoretical framework, that affords an interpretation of the quantum potential, the main assumption of the de Broglie-Bohm interpretation--that the local momentum of particles is given by the gradient of the phase of the wave function--is not but approximately correct. Also, the number of particles is not locally conserved. Furthermore, the representation of physical systems through wave functions wont be complete.
description: 9pages, LaTex, hypothesis are relaxed for the low-speed limit
Jet shapes and fragmentation functions in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(sNN) = 200 GeV in STAR
Creators: name: Oh, Saehanseul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The STAR Collaboration reports measurements of differential jet shapes and semi-inclusive jet fragmentation functions in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=$ 200 GeV with the STAR detector at RHIC. Jet shapes, which represent the radial distribution of momentum carried by constituents, are measured differentially for (1) the charged particles transverse momentum and (2) the jet azimuthal angle relative to the second-order event plane. Based on the semi-inclusive population of jets recoiling from a high transverse momentum trigger hadron, jet fragmentation functions in 40-60% central heavy-ion collisions are measured, and compared to those in PYTHIA simulations for pp collisions.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of 28th International Conference on Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2019)
Consecutive Clause in Greek and Latin Languages An Applied Study on Pentateuch
Creators: name: Arafa, Haitham
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This study inspects result clause in Greek and Latin Languages from the structural and semantical perspectives through the application on Pentateuch. The study aims to trace the hidden parts of the text under inspection. The study is divided into an introduction, two chapters and a conclusion followed by a list of references and works cited in Arabic and foreign languages as well as websites Introduction: It discusses the reason of choosing the research topic and the reason behind choosing the Septuagint and Vulgate translation. The introduction also discusses the methodology adopted by the researcher, references, works cited, and dictionaries that contributed to highlight structural and semantical perspectives, on one hand, and the grammatical and morphological perspectives of the result clause, on the other, and websites as well as being guided by a plethora of Arabic Translations of the Old Testament