cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
First Principles Derivation of Effective Ginzburg-Landau Free Energy models for Crystalline Systems
Creators: name: Lutsko, James F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The expression of the free energy density of a classical crystalline system as a gradient expansion in terms of a set of order parameters is developed using classical density functional theory. The goal here is to extend and complete an earlier derivation by L{ö}wen et al (Europhys. Lett.9, 791, 1989). The limitations of the resulting expressions are also discussed including the boundary conditions needed for finite systems and the fact that the results cannot, at present, be used to take into account elastic relaxation.
description: 12 pages, no figures, sumitted to Physica A
Crystallization of random trigonometric polynomials
Creators: name: Farmer, David W.
name: Yerrington, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30C15; 60G15

description: We give a precise measure of the rate at which repeated differentiation of a random trigonometric polynomial causes the roots of the function to approach equal spacing. This can be viewed as a toy model of crystallization in one dimension. In particular we determine the asymptotics of the distribution of the roots around the crystalline configuration and find that the distribution is not Gaussian.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Heating Bridge Decks by Electrical Resistance
Creators: name: Havens, James H.
name: Azevedo, Wm. Vernon
name: Rahal, Assaf S.
name: Deen, Robert C.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The 9th-Street interchange was designed and constructed with an automated electrical heating system for snow and ice removal. This report describes the heating system, its construction, and initial operation. The heating system was capable of keeping the interchange free of ice and snow accumulation. The average daily slab temperature fell below 0°C (32°F) on only one occasion. The average cost of electrical power for heating the interchange was $1,075 per day.
Climate Change Impacts on Investment in Crop Sowing Machinery
Creators: name: Kingwell, Ross S.
name: Farre, Imma
name: Kingwell, Ross S.
name: Farre, Imma
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: climate change
subject: farm machinery
subject: farm management
subject: machinery investment

description: Down-scaled global circulation modelling is combined with wheat growth simulation modelling to generate yield responses to times of sowing under current and projected climatic conditions for several locations in the grainbelt of Western Australia. A model for investment in crop sowing machinery draws on these simulated yield relationships at each location and is used to determine a farmer’s optimal investment in crop sowing work rate capacity under current and projected climate regimes. The key finding is that at most locations the projected change in climate has marked impacts on profit distributions from grain production, yet mostly modest changes in the farmer’s investment in machinery work rate form part of the profit-maximising response to climate change at each location. There is also a divergence in machinery investment response between high versus low rainfall locations, with increases and decreases in work rates respectively being forecast. However, as illustrated for a few locations, the changes in investment in work rate within a broadly similar rainfall region are not uniform; principally due to climate change differently affecting the pattern of yield response to time of sowing at each location.
Acoustic Emission and Fatigue Characteristics of Typical Bridge Steels
Creators: name: Hopwood, Theodore
name: Havens, James H.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Acoustic emission monitoring was used during tensile tests of low-carbon structural steels to determine the physical characteristics of the acoustic emission phenomena. Results indicate that acoustic emissions are caused by micro-plastic deformation processes (i.e., dislocation motion).  A series of axial-fatigue tests was performed on several types of structural steels, some of which had extensive service in bridges. There was no apparent relation between specimen load histories and subsequent performance in fatigue tests. Tensile tests of specimens subjected to extensive fatigue testing, at stresses below the yield strength of the material, revealed no major difference in mechanical properties or acoustic emission response due to their fatigue histories.  Further tests revealed that acoustic emission testing in the frequency range of 100-300 kHz has the physical capability of detecting cracks on large structural steel members. This may prove beneficial for the comprehensive nondestructive evaluation of steel bridges.
НЕОБХОДИМОСТЬ РЕФОРМИРОВАНИЯ УГОЛОВНОГО ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВА: ТЕОРИЯ И ПРАКТИКА ПРОТИВОДЕЙСТВИЯ КОРРУПЦИИ
Creators: name: Николаева Ю.В.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: санкция уголовно-правовых норм
экономическая преступность
задачи уголовного права
цели наказания
конструирование санкций
эффективность правоприменения
нижний предел наказания
система наказаний
предупреждение преступлений
Национальный план противодействия коррупции
оценочные понятия.

description: Статья посвящена проблемам теории и практики противодействия коррупции, с учетом наличия коррупциогенных факторов в уголовно-правовых нормах.
title: Местное самоуправление как институциональная основа формирования муниципальной элиты северного города  (на примере г. Сургута)
title: LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT AS AN INSTITUTIONAL BASIS FOR FORMING THE MUNICIPAL ELITE OF THE NORTHERN CITY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF SURGUT)
Creators: name: Зайцева, Ю. Р.
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2020

description: Цель данной статьи – исследовать этапы формирования институциональных ограничений принятия самостоятельных политических решений муниципальной элитой в ходе эволюции системы местного самоуправления.
description: The purpose of this article is to investigate the stages of the formation of institutional constraints on making independent political decisions by the municipal elite in the course of the evolution of the local self-government system.
Bathtub vortex in superfluid $^4$He
Creators: name: Inui, Sosuke
name: Nakagawa, Tomo
name: Tsubota, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the structure of macroscopic suction flows in superfluid $^4$He. In this study, we primarily analyze the structure of the quantized vortex bundle that appears to play an important role in such systems. Our study is motivated by a series of recent experiments conducted by a research group in Osaka City University [Yano $\textit{et. al.}$, J. Phys. Conf. Ser. $\textbf{969}$, 012002 (2018)]; they created a suction vortex using a rotor in superfluid $^4$He. They also reported that up to $10^4$ quantized vortices accumulated in the central region of the rotating flow. The quantized vortices in such macroscopic flows are assumed to form a bundle structure; however, the mechanism has not yet been fully investigated. Therefore, we prescribe a macroscopic suction flow to the normal fluid and discuss the evolution of a giant vortex ($\textit{i.e.}$, one with a circulation quantum number exceeding unity) and a bundle of singly quantized vortices from a small number of seed vortices. Then, using numerical simulations, we discuss several possible characteristic structures of the bundle in such a flow, and we suggest that the actual steady-state bundle structure in the experiment can be verified by measuring the diffusion constant of the vortex bundle after the macroscopic normal flow has been switched off. By applying extensive knowledge of the superfluid $^4$He system, we elucidate a new type of macroscopic superfluid flow and identify a novel structure of quantized vortices.
Recommendation to improve research management and administration in Widening countries
Creators: name: MILIEU H2020 Project
name: Reale, Carla Maria
name: Meloni, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This deliverable provides a comprehensive report on the MILIEU project activities carried out within WP5, highlighting the project's accomplishments, challenges, and strategic recommendations to improve research management and administration in Widening countries. 

The report details the MILIEU project's pivotal role in shaping the discourse on gender equality and inclusivity, serving as a model for future endeavours seeking European funding in Widening Countries. Mentoring and reinforcement activities such as capacity building, high-level training, and the development of research management capabilities are highlighted as critical. Workshops, operational procedure reinforcement, template and documents creation, and the identification of contact persons for research offices are all activities that contribute to increasing external funding and aligning with Horizon Europe eligibility criteria. Furthermore, the report emphasises the importance of training courses in a variety of areas such as fundraising, project management, intellectual property rights, technological transfer, and gender and disability awareness. These courses demonstrate a strategic approach to comprehensive skill set development and knowledge dissemination within the context of a growing country. 

Finally, the report identifies a range of challenges encountered during project implementation in Widening Countries, ranging from insufficient information on funding programmes to issues with international networking and co-financing. The report makes a series of strategic recommendations to address these challenges in a systematic manner. These recommendations emphasise the importance of specialised units, training courses, and policies aimed at improving institutional and administrative capacity, encouraging collaboration, and assisting scientists throughout the project lifecycle.
An Economic Risk Analysis of No-Till Rice Management from the Landlord’s Perspective
Creators: name: Watkins, K. Bradley
name: Hill, Jason L.
name: Anders, Merle M.
name: Watkins, K. Bradley
name: Hill, Jason L.
name: Anders, Merle M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Rice production generally involves intensive cultivation. The profitability of no-till rice has been investigated but solely from the producer’s perspective. Most farmed cropland is owned by someone else. This study evaluates the risk efficiency of no-till rice from the landlord’s perspective using stochastic efficiency with respect to a function (SERF).
НОМЕНКЛАТУРНЫЙ ПРИНЦИП ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ СУДЕЙСКОГО КОРПУСА В РСФСР: ПОНЯТИЕ, СОДЕРЖАНИЕ, ИТОГИ
Creators: name: Ильина Т.Н.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: судья
выборы судей
номенклатура
номенклатурный принцип
народный судья
РКП(б) ВКП(б) КПСС.

description: В статье рассмотрен порядок формирования судейского корпуса в советский период. Автор анализирует законодательство первой половины ХХ в. о формировании судейского корпуса. Доказывается тезис о том, что в условиях существования тоталитарного государства официальное законодательство и деятельность государственных органов при формировании судейского корпуса сильно зависели от преобладающего мнения и решений господствующей политической партии. Делается вывод о преобладании номенклатурного принципа при отборе и распределении судейских кадров. Подробно исследована роль партии в этом процессе. Статья написана преимущественно на архивных материалах, многие из которых вводятся в научный оборот впервые. Подробно рассмотрены формы участия РКП(б) ВКП(б) КПСС в процедуре наделения судейскими полномочиями. Делается вывод о неоднозначном характере влияния политической партии на процесс формирования судейского корпуса. Автор приходит к выводу, что в условиях острого дефицита юридических кадров номенклатурный принцип подбора кандидатов на должность судьи был оправдан.
Farming and the Internet: Factors Affecting Input Purchases Online and Reasons for Non-Adoption
Creators: name: Briggeman, Brian C.
name: Whitacre, Brian E.
name: Briggeman, Brian C.
name: Whitacre, Brian E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: ARMS
subject: Internet
subject: Farming
subject: e-commerce

description: Using the 2005 ARMS data, significant factors are identified that influence the decision to purchase farm inputs over the Internet and reasons for not adopting the Internet. Internet input purchasing farmers tend to be younger and more educated. Non-adopters that are more educated most likely cite Internet security concerns as their primary reason for not adopting.
Formalizing the Ring of Witt Vectors
Creators: name: Commelin, Johan
name: Lewis, Robert Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The ring of Witt vectors $\mathbb{W} R$ over a base ring $R$ is an important tool in algebraic number theory and lies at the foundations of modern $p$-adic Hodge theory. $\mathbb{W} R$ has the interesting property that it constructs a ring of characteristic $0$ out of a ring of characteristic $p > 1$, and it can be used more specifically to construct from a finite field containing $\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$ the corresponding unramified field extension of the $p$-adic numbers $\mathbb{Q}_p$ (which is unique up to isomorphism). We formalize the notion of a Witt vector in the Lean proof assistant, along with the corresponding ring operations and other algebraic structure. We prove in Lean that, for prime $p$, the ring of Witt vectors over $\mathbb{Z}/p\mathbb{Z}$ is isomorphic to the ring of $p$-adic integers $\mathbb{Z}_p$. In the process we develop idioms to cleanly handle calculations of identities between operations on the ring of Witt vectors. These calculations are intractable with a naive approach, and require a proof technique that is usually skimmed over in the informal literature. Our proofs resemble the informal arguments while being fully rigorous.
ОБ АКТУАЛЬНОСТИ ИЗУЧЕНИЯ ОТДЕЛЬНЫХ ДИСЦИПЛИН ПРИ ПОДГОТОВКЕ СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ В ОБЛАСТИ ИНЖЕНЕРНО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКОЙ ЭКСПЕРТИЗЫ
Creators: name: Несмеянов А.А.
name: Якоб А.А.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: прикладная механика
детали машин
метрология
стандартизация и сертификация
материаловедение
экспертные исследования
инженерно-техническая экспертиза
автотехническая экспертиза
пожарно-техническая экспертиза
место происшествия.

description: В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с эффективностью организации образовательной деятельности при обучении судебных экспертов с точки зрения оценки необходимости и актуальности изучения ими основных дисциплин инженерной направленности. Анализируется взаимосвязь содержания данных дисциплин с конкретными видами экспертиз и методикой их проведения.
title: En tant qu'infirmière, comment soigner les mineurs non accompagnés atteints de stress post-traumatique pour favoriser un lien d'attachement
title: En tant qu'infirmière, comment soigner les mineurs non accompagnés atteints de stress post-traumatique pour favoriser un lien d'attachement
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Arnéra, Margaux
name: Cochand, Justine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: hesav TB SI

description: Titre : En tant qu’infirmière, comment soigner les mineurs non accompagnés (MNA) atteints de stress post-traumatique pour favoriser un lien d’attachement. Contexte : Les MNA vivent une triple vulnérabilité : ils sont mineurs, privés de soutien familial et en situation de migration. À travers les médias, on ne peut que constater l’importance de l’immigration des réfugiés. Ce constat est source de grands débats politiques et de questionnements éthiques. Ce qui est plus préoccupant encore, ce sont les réfugiés mineurs qui ne sont pas accompagnés. Objectif : Le but de ce travail est de mettre en évidence les différentes interventions que les infirmières peuvent réaliser pour cette population et constater les enjeux auxquels les MNA sont confrontés. Méthode : Critères d’inclusion : Articles de recherches primaires de moins de 14 ans, population 11-18 ans. Stratégies de recherche : Trois bases de données ont été utilisées : PubMed, CINAHL et Google Scholar, 6 articles ont été sélectionnés. Synthèse des données : Les 6 articles ont été analysés avec la grille de Fortin et mis dans un tableau des résultats. Ces résultats ont été ensuite mis en perspective avec la théorie de la transition de Meleis. Résultats : Les résultats ont démontré une nette amélioration dans la diminution des TSPT. Ils ont aussi mis en évidence un besoin important de reconnaissances sociales de la part des MNA. À contrario, ils sont moins suivis dans l’accompagnement biopsychosocial que les mineurs accompagnés Discussion : Afin de vivre une transition saine les MNA ont besoin d’un soutien systématique. Bien que brisé, un nouveau lien d’attachement peut permettre à ces jeunes de grandir en sécurité. En Suisse, des ressources spécifiques sont créées pour les accompagner. Cependant un manque de personnel fait défaut à ces concepts de prise en charge.
ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ КАК ВАЖНЫЙ ФАКТОР РАЗВИТИЯ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКОГО КАПИТАЛА
Creators: name: Атабекова Н.К.
name: Болотбекова Э.К.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: образование
право на образование
образовательное законодательство
школьное образование
дошкольное образование
национальная система образования.

description: Статья посвящена исследованию развития системы образования Кыргызской Республики в переходный период, проблем и достижений в сфере школьного и дошкольного образования. В работе освещены финансово-экономические, организационно-правовые, материально-технические проблемы развития образовательного сектора страны в переходный период. Обозначая образование важнейшим элементом человеческого развития, а также важным фактором развития и функционирования государства и общества, авторы отмечают необходимость разработки научно обоснованной образовательной политики и закрепление ее на законодательном уровне.
High-fidelity linear optical quantum computing with polarization encoding
Creators: name: Spedalieri, Federico M.
name: Lee, Hwang
name: Dowling, Jonathan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the KLM scheme [Knill, Laflamme and Milburn, Nature {\bf 409}, 46] can be implemented using polarization encoding, thus reducing the number of path modes required by half. One of the main advantages of this new implementation is that it naturally incorporates a loss detection mechanism that makes the probability of a gate introducing a non-detected error, when non-ideal detectors are considered, dependent only on the detector dark-count rate and independent of its efficiency. Since very low dark-count rate detectors are currently available, a high-fidelity gate (probability of error of order $10^{-6}$ conditional on the gate being successful) can be implemented using polarization encoding. The detector efficiency determines the overall success probability of the gate but does not affect its fidelity. This can be applied to the efficient construction of optical cluster states with very high fidelity for quantum computing.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures. Improved construction of high-fidelity entangled ancilla; references added
Discerning Differences between Producer Groups and Organic Adoption Barriers in Texas
Creators: name: Lau, Michael H.
name: Hanagriff, Roger D.
name: Constance, Douglas H.
name: York, Mary
name: Lau, Michael H.
name: Hanagriff, Roger D.
name: Constance, Douglas H.
name: York, Mary
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: The number of certified organic operations in Texas has remained relatively stagnant while nationally the organic food sector has experienced double-digit growth. To understand why this occurring, a survey was distributed to a random sample of 4,006 Texas producers. The results will assist in developing strategies to promote the growth of organic production in Texas.
Integrable nonunitary open quantum circuits
Creators: name: Sá, Lucas
name: Ribeiro, Pedro
name: Prosen, Tomaž
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explicitly construct an integrable and strongly interacting dissipative quantum circuit via a trotterization of the Hubbard model with imaginary interaction strength. To prove integrability, we build an inhomogeneous transfer matrix, from which conserved superoperator charges can be derived, in particular, the circuit's dynamical generator. After showing the trace preservation and complete positivity of local maps, we reinterpret them as the Kraus representation of the local dynamics of free fermions with single-site dephasing. The integrability of the map is broken by adding interactions to the local coherent dynamics or by removing the dephasing. In particular, even circuits built from convex combinations of local free-fermion unitaries are nonintegrable. Moreover, the construction allows us to explicitly build circuits belonging to different non-Hermitian symmetry classes, which are characterized by the behavior under transposition instead of complex conjugation. We confirm all our analytical results by using complex spacing ratios to examine the spectral statistics of the dissipative circuits.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures. v2: some additional details, as published
O'QISH DARSLARIDA SO'ZLARNING MA'NO VA SHAKL MUNOSABATLARIGA KO'RA TURLARINI O'RGANISH
Creators: name: Turdiyeva, Shohsanam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqolada, so‘zlarning shakl va ma’no munosabatlariga ko‘ra turlari ustida ishlash va ma’nodosh so‘zlar guruhlarini o‘rganish yoritib berilgan.
Importance of Financial Variables on Efficiency of Class I Railroads in the United States
Creators: name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Allen, Albert J.
name: Myles, Albert E.
name: Yeboah, Osei-Agyeman
name: Shaik, Saleem
name: Allen, Albert J.
name: Myles, Albert E.
name: Yeboah, Osei-Agyeman
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Public Economics

description: This study evaluates the consequences of financial variables on the efficiency of Class I railroads in the United States for the period 1996-2006. A panel stochastic frontier analysis is used to simultaneously estimate the stochastic frontier model and financial ratio model with output and efficiency measures as endogenous variables. Results show the average efficiency measures was 83 percent across six major class I railroads. The Burlington Northern-Santa Fe was most efficient and Norfolk Southern the least efficient for the period, 1996-2006.
THE DYNAMIC EFFECTS OF AGRICULTURAL SUBSIDY PROGRAMS IN THE UNITED STATES
Creators: name: De Gorter, Harry
name: Fisher, Eric O'N.
name: De Gorter, Harry
name: Fisher, Eric O'N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Land Economics/Use

description: This paper analyzes the dynamic effects of the acreage restrictions and land diversion requirements that are characteristic of the farm subsidy programs in the United States. The subsidy payments a farmer receives are based upon historical base acreage, and it 1s sometimes optimal for a farmer not to participate in a pr9gr~m in order to increase base acreage in anticipation of higher future subsidies. This paper determines the farmer's optimal policy as the solution to a deterministic dynamic program. It shows that farmers with low base acreage typically opt out of these programs, whereas those with high base acreage participate in them. The paper concludes with an examination of aggregate data from the programs involving barley, corn, cotton, oats, rice, sorghum, and wheat during 1987. It shows that these programs actually increase the aggregate output of each of these crops and that they represent an annual deadweight loss of more than $3 billion.
ОБУЧЕНИЕ И ВОСПИТАНИЕ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ С ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНЫМИ ОСОБЕННОСТЯМИ РАЗВИТИЯ В ОБЩЕОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ ШКОЛЕ
Creators: name: Шельшакова Н.Н.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: индивидуальные особенности развития
нарушения ЦНС
нарушения двигательного аппарата
гиперактивность
астения
неуспеваемость
ограниченные возможности здоровья
инклюзивное образование.

description: В данной статье рассматриваются приемы работы по обучению и воспитанию школьников с индивидуальными особенностями развития, а также средства обучения и требования к учителю. В рамках научной статьи рассмотрены варианты взаимодействия общеобразовательной школы и семьи ребенка с особенностями в развитии.
Comparison of Perception of Risk and Willingness to Consume GM Foods
Creators: name: Wachenheim, Cheryl J.
name: Nganje, William E.
name: Lesch, William C.
name: Wachenheim, Cheryl J.
name: Nganje, William E.
name: Lesch, William C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Genetic modified foods
subject: multinomial logit
subject: risk perception
subject: willingness to consume GM foods

description: The dichotomy between perceptions of the acceptability of risk associated with genetically modified (GM) foods and willingness to consume GM foods is investigated. Results indicate that some consumers are willing to consume GM foods even though they may perceive such foods as somewhat unsafe, with determinants such as self-perceived knowledge about the availability of GM foods and altruistic motives having positive and significant impacts on their consumption decision. Efforts towards decreasing perceptions of risk and ultimately increasing acceptance of, and demand for, GM foods should address issues related to their altruistic characteristics and outrage.
Kernel polynomial method to Anderson transition in disordered $β$-graphyne
Creators: name: Wang, G. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of variable moment kernel polynomial method, we analyze the localization properties of $β$-graphyne sheet subjected to the Anderson disorder. To detect the localization transition we focus on the scaling behavior of the normalized typical density of states. We find that there takes place a metal-insulator transition and the critical disorder strength is of the order of the bandwidth, which is contrary to the one-parameter scaling theory stating that for infinite two dimensional systems, all the electronic states are localized for an arbitrary strength of the Anderson disorder. As its particular localization properties, it is reasonable to predict there will exist dc conductivity for $β$-graphyne at zero temperature.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Country Patterns of Behavior on Broader Dimensions of Human Development
Creators: name: Ranis, Gustav
name: Stewart, Frances
name: Samman, Emma
name: Ranis, Gustav
name: Stewart, Frances
name: Samman, Emma
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Human Development
subject: Quality of Life
subject: Happiness
subject: Capabilities
subject: Country Behavior

description: This paper adopts a more expansive definition of Human Development than that encompassed by the Human Development Index in order to explore diverse country patterns of behavior in relation to these broadened dimensions. We proceed by first identifying the dimensions to be investigated and subsequently present the methodology adopted for clarifying country behavior with respect to these dimensions. Countries are shown to differ substantially in terms of their choices among the independent dimensions of well-being which may or may not be constrained by history or culture. We then group countries by level of per capita income, experience with internal conflict, region of the world, oil, wealth, distance from the equator, distance from the sea, in the search for identifiable differential behavior patterns by country typology. We find that choices do exist across the board. For example, even low income countries can achieve well in all categories while high income countries do poorly.
title: Государственная политика поддержки некоммерческих общественных организаций и востребованность их услуг населением (на материалах исследования в Ханты-Мансийском автономном округе)
title: State policy of support for non-profit public organizations and the demand for their services by the population (based on research in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug)
Creators: name: Мартынов, Михаил Юрьевич
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2020

description: Рассмотрены направления и структура востребованности домохозяйствами региона услуг некоммерческих общественных организаций. Эмпирической базой исследования выступает социологический опрос, проведенный в Ханты-Мансийском автономном округе. Сделан вывод, что, несмотря на существенную государственную поддержку, услуги НКО в основных сферах слабо востребованы домохозяйствами. В связи с этим государственная политика передачи предоставления услуг от государственных и муниципальных учреждений некоммерческим учреждениям представляется трудно достижимой без существенной потери качества и роста стоимости этих услуг.
description: The directions and structure of demand for the services of non-profit public organizations by households in the region are considered. The empirical basis of the research is a sociological survey conducted in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. It is concluded that, despite significant state support, the services of NGOs in the main areas are poorly demanded by households. In this regard, the state policy of transferring the provision of services from state and municipal institutions to non-profit institutions seems difficult to achieve without a significant loss of quality and an increase in the cost of these services.
New Cellular Automata associated with the Schroedinger Discrete Spectral Problem
Creators: name: Bruschi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New Cellular Automata associated with the Schroedinger discrete spectral problem are derived. These Cellular Automata possess an infinite (countable) set of constants of motion.
POLICY ANALYSIS IN AN IMPERFECTLY COMPETITIVE MARKET: A CONJECTURAL VARIATIONS MODEL FOR THE FOOD MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Maier, Leopold
name: Maier, Leopold
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: firm behavior
subject: market structure
subject: imperfect competition
subject: conjectural variations model
subject: policy analysis
subject: food manufacturing

description: The effects of government policies are analyzed in a conjectural variations model of U.S. food manufacturing. The policy elasticities of the perfectly competitive model are valid predictors of policy effects irrespective of the type of oligopoly. Changes in the degree of competition may alter the magnitude of the policy elasticities. Keywords: firm behavior, market structure, imperfect competition, conjectural variations model, policy analysis, food manufacturing
О ВЫПОЛНЕНИИ СРЕДСТВАМИ ИНДИВИДУАЛИЗАЦИИ ФУНКЦИИ, НАПРАВЛЕННОЙ НА ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ИНТЕРЕСОВ СТОРОН ОБЯЗАТЕЛЬСТВА ПО ПРИОБРЕТЕНИЮ ТОВАРОВ С ПОТРЕБИТЕЛЬСКИМ И КОНКУРЕНТНЫМ КАЧЕСТВОМ
Creators: name: Черничкина Г.Н.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: условие обязательства о качестве товара
стандартизация качества
товарный знак
географическое указание
наименование места происхождение товара
потребительское качество
конкурентное качество
заблуждение потребителя
экспертиза товарного знака.

description: В статье автор отмечает, что в понятии качества товара как условия исполнения обязательства следует различать потребительское качество товара, устанавливаемое законодательством о стандартизации, как обязательные показатели свойств товара необходимые и достаточные для потребления товара и конкурентное качество товара, формируемое выбором потребителя и индивидуализированное в обороте товарным знаком, географическим указанием, наименованием места происхождения товара и напрямую ассоциируемое с репутацией производителя и его фирменным наименованием. Каждое из средств индивидуализации указывает на определяемый только им уровень конкурентного качества. Автор утверждает, что целью экспертизы заявленного в качестве товарного знака обозначения является выявление показателей, позволяющих обозначению проявлять в гражданском обороте функцию по обозначению конкурентного качества товара.
Additional file 1 of Association of dietary inflammatory index and dietary oxidative balance score with gastrointestinal cancers in NHANES 2005–2018
Creators: name: Chang, Yu
name: Yu, Chanjiao
name: Dai, Xianyu
name: Sun, Haibo
name: Tang, Tongyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary Material 1
Domain wall skew scattering in ferromagnetic Weyl metals
Creators: name: Sorn, Sopheak
name: Paramekanti, Arun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study transport in the presence of magnetic domain walls (DWs) in a lattice model of ferromagnetic type-I Weyl metals. We compute the diagonal and Hall conductivities in the presence of a DW, using both Kubo and Landauer formalisms, and uncover the effect of DW scattering. When the Fermi level lies near Weyl points, we find a strong skew scattering at the DW which leads to a significant additional Hall effect. We estimate the average Hall resistivity for multi-domain configurations and identify the limit where the DW scattering contribution becomes significant. We show that a continuum model obtained by linearizing the lattice dispersion around the Weyl points does not correctly capture this DW physics. Going beyond the linearized theory, and incorporating leading curvature terms, leads to a semi-quantitative agreement with our lattice model results. Our results are relevant for experiments on the Hall resistivity of spin-orbit coupled ferromagnets, which can have Weyl points near the Fermi energy.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, published in PRB
The HIPASS catalogue: Omega_HI and environmental effects on the HI mass function of galaxies
Creators: name: Zwaan, M. A.
name: Meyer, M. J.
name: Staveley-Smith, L.
name: Webster, R. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the catalogue of 4315 extragalactic HI 21-cm emission line detections from HIPASS to calculate the most accurate measurement of the HI mass function (HIMF) of galaxies to date. The completeness of the HIPASS sample is well characterised, which enables an accurate calculation of space densities. The HIMF is fitted with a Schechter function with parameters: alpha=-1.37 +/- 0.03 +/- 0.05, log (M_HI/M_sun=9.80 +/- 0.03 +/- 0.03, and theta*=(6.0 +/- 0.8 +/- 0.6) x 10^{-3} Mpc^{-3} (random and systematic uncertainties at 68% CL, H0=75), in good agreement with calculations based on the HIPASS Bright Galaxy Catalogue, which is a complete, but smaller, sub-sample of galaxies. The cosmological mass density of HI in the local universe is found to be Omega_HI=(3.5 +/- 0.4 +/- 0.4) x 10^{-4}. This large homogeneous sample allows us to test whether the shape of the HIMF depends on local galaxy density. We find tentative evidence for environmental effects in the sense that the HIMF becomes steeper toward higher density regions, ranging from alpha ~ -1.2 in the lowest density environments to alpha ~ -1.5 in the highest density environments probed by this blind HI survey. This effect appears stronger when densities are measured on larger scales.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters. 5 pages, including 4 figures. Corrected typos
О НЕКОТОРЫХ ОСОБЕННОСТЯХ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ РАССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЙ, СВЯЗАННЫХ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ КРИПТОВАЛЮТ
Creators: name: Несмеянов А.А.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: специальные знания
криптовалюта
блокчейн
биткоин
компьютерно-техническая экспертиза
аппаратно-компьютерная экспертиза
программно-компьютерная экспертиза
информационно-компьютерная экспертиза
компьютерно-сетевая экспертиза
аппаратно-программный комплекс

description: В статье рассматриваются практические аспекты проведения экспертных исследований при расследовании преступлений, связанных с использованием криптовалют и других виртуальных финансовых активов. Дается понятие специальных знаний, приводится классификация видов компьютерно-технической экспертизы, раскрываются отдельные актуальные вопросы методологии проведения такого рода экспертиз. Также в статье приведен общий обзор специальных программных и аппаратных средств используемых специалистами в практической деятельности
Ownership and Control in the Entrepreneurial Firm: An International History of Private Limited Companies
Creators: name: Guinnane, Timothy W.
name: Harris, Ron
name: Lamoreaux, Naomi R.
name: Rosenthal, Jean-Laurent
name: Guinnane, Timothy W.
name: Harris, Ron
name: Lamoreaux, Naomi R.
name: Rosenthal, Jean-Laurent
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: limited company
subject: partnership
subject: corporation
subject: legal regime
subject: common law
subject: civil law

description: We use the history of private limited liability companies (PLLCs) to challenge two pervasive assumptions in the literature: (1) Anglo-American legal institutions were better for economic development than continental Europe’s civil-law institutions; and (2) the corporation was the superior form of business organization. Data on the number and types of firms organized in France, Germany, the UK, and the US show that that the PLLC became the form of choice for small- and medium-size enterprises wherever and whenever it was introduced. The PLLC’s key advantage was its flexible internal governance rules that allowed its users to limit the threat of untimely dissolution inherent in partnerships without taking on the full danger of minority oppression that the corporation entailed. The PLLC was first successfully introduced in Germany, a code country, in 1892. Great Britain, a common-law country followed in 1907, and France, a code country, in 1925. The laggard was the US, a common-law country whose courts had effectively killed earlier attempts to enact the form.
Monte carlo simulations of parapatric speciation
Creators: name: Schwammle, V.
name: Sousa, A. O.
name: de Oliveira, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Parapatric speciation is studied using an individual--based model with sexual reproduction. We combine the theory of mutation accumulation for biological ageing with an environmental selection pressure that varies according to the individuals geographical positions and phenotypic traits. Fluctuations and genetic diversity of large populations are crucial ingredients to model the features of evolutionary branching and are intrinsic properties of the model. Its implementation on a spatial lattice gives interesting insights into the population dynamics of speciation on a geographical landscape and the disruptive selection that leads to the divergence of phenotypes. Our results suggest that assortative mating is not an obligatory ingredient to obtain speciation in large populations at low gene flow.
description: submitted to Phys.Rev. E
Technological and Economic Risk Analysis of laying hen breeding applying simulation
Creators: name: Kovacs, Sandor
name: Ertsey, Imre
name: Balogh, Peter
name: Kovacs, Sandor
name: Ertsey, Imre
name: Balogh, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Monte Carlo
subject: Risk analysis
subject: Chicken production
subject: Bayessian statistics
subject: foraging

description: In order to analyse risks and to choose from different decision-making strategies simulation models are often applied in several areas of animal breeding. We developed an improved Monte Carlo model for analysing laying hen breeding combined with Bayes' statistics. On the basis of data from a company breeding broiler parents, our paper examines the technological and economic risks of breeding a laying-hen stock with a simulation program developed by our team. During modelling we take individual cost elements and the most significant factors (different forage costs, price of sold eggs, unsuitable eggs, installing day-old chicks and old animals) affecting returns into consideration. The results can be presented in tables and graphs for both sexes as well. Specific production value, cost and revenue indicators can also be formed separately, thus the simulation allows the quantification of farming risks. Both the mathematical background of the program and its applicability in risk and economic analysis are presented.
Additional file 1 of Mechanisms of neural infiltration-mediated tumor metabolic reprogramming impacting immunotherapy efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer
Creators: name: Zheng, Yuanyuan
name: Li, Lifeng
name: Shen, Zhibo
name: Wang, Longhao
name: Niu, Xiaoyu
name: Wei, Yujie
name: Sun, Shilong
name: Zhao, Jie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Medicine
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
Ab initio study of structural, electronic and magnetic properties of XSn$_3$ (X = Gd, Cm) and Gd$_x$Cm$_{1-x}$Sn$_3$ compounds
Creators: name: Adnane, M.
name: Djoudi, L.
name: Merabet, M.
name: Boucharef, M.
name: Dahmane, F.
name: Benalia, S.
name: Mokhtari, M.
name: Rached, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the structural, electronic and magnetic properties of the GdSn$_3$, CmSn$_3$ and Gd$_x$Cm$_{1-x}$Sn$_3$ compounds ($x = 0.25$, $0.5$ and $0.75$) were studied using the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method, within the generalized gradient approximation$+U$. The ground-state properties are determined for the bulk materials GdSn$_3$, CmSn$_3$ and Gd$_x$Cm$_{1-x}$Sn$_3$ crystallized in AuCu$_3$-type structure. The calculated structural, electronic and magnetic properties of GdSn$_3$ compound are in good agreement with the existing experimental and theoretical data. It is found that the most stable magnetic configurations of both compounds CmSn$_3$ and GdSn$_3$ are anti-ferromagnetic type A (AFM-A) and have a metallic behavior. The magnetic moment found decreases with increasing the Cm composition in Gd$_x$Cm$_{1-x}$Sn$_3$ compounds. The results show that the GdSn$_3$, CmSn$_3$ and Gd$_x$Cm$_{1-x}$Sn$_3$ compounds share some properties, and may well be useful for spintronic applications.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Weldments
Creators: name: Hopwood, Theodore
name: Havens, James H.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1978
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Weld tests were performed on low-carbon and high-strength, low-alloy steel weldments. The weldments were monitored with an acoustic emission detector during both the 'in-process' and the 'in-cooling' phases of the welding operation. Artificial defects were induced in several of the welds to promote cracking. Some high-strength weldments were designed to produce welds subject to high restraint.  Nondestructive and destructive evaluation of the completed weldments revealed that high acoustic emission activity 'in-cooling' could be correlated with embedded defects and cold-cracking. Copious emission activity was also detected from unflawed weldments. Acoustic emissions were detected in high-strength steel weldments for periods up to 265 hours. However, there was no clear relation between the duration of acoustic emission activity and cracking. On a per-electrode-deposited basis, high-stressed welds produced more emissions than low-stressed welds.
ОПЫТ ПРАВОВОГО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ПРЕДОСТАВЛЕНИЯ СУБСИДИЙ ИЗ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО БЮДЖЕТА СУБЪЕКТАМ МАЛОГО И СРЕДНЕГО ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВА НА ВОЗМЕЩЕНИЕ РАСХОДОВ, СВЯЗАННЫХ С ПОЛУЧЕНИЕМ КРЕДИТОВ ПОД ЗАЛОГ ОБЪЕКТОВ ПРАВА ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ
Creators: name: Матвеева Н.А.
name: Матвеев И.В.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: субъекты малого и среднего предпринимательства
кредитный договор
залог исключительных прав
субсидия
независимая гарантия.

description: С середины 2019 г. по апрель 2021 г. в России была предпринята попытка создания правового механизма системы стимулирования и правовой поддержки развития субъектов малого и среднего предпринимательства путем обеспечения доступности кредитных ресурсов под залог объектов интеллектуальной собственности. В связи с тем, что исключительные права определенной части объектов права интеллектуальной собственности, зарегистрированных в Российской Федерации, стали обладать более высоким уровнем ликвидности, кредитные организации при определенных условиях стали чаще кредитовать субъектов предпринимательской деятельности под залог объектов права интеллектуальной собственности. При этом несение полных расходов по оплате процентов даже по таким кредитам для большинства субъектов малого и среднего предпринимательства является непосильным бременем, в связи этим государством начал реализовываться проект финансовой помощи указанным субъектам. Однако в апреле 2021 г. соответствующее Постановление Правительства было отменено и реализация данного механизма была приостановлена. Несмотря на это, проблематика правового обеспечения получения субсидий от государства на возмещение расходов, связанных с предоставлением заемщику возмещения на обслуживание кредитов под залог объектов интеллектуальной собственности остается актуальной.
О СМЕНЯЕМОСТИ ВЛАСТИ ПРИ АВТОРИТАРИЗМЕ
Creators: name: Чемшит А.А.
name: Стаценко О.С.
name: Емшит Д.А.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: сменяемость власти
демократия
авторитаризм
элита
аристократия
охлократия.

description: Статья посвящена проблеме сменяемости власти в контексте существующего политического режима. Задействуется авторский подход к классификации политических режимов западной и не западной цивилизаций. Обосновывается идея перехода к элитарному аристократическому управлению и замене демократии авторитаризмом в мировом масштабе. Указывается, что регулярная смена власти, наряду с её постоянством, обладает не абсолютным, а относительным значением. Отмечается, что сменяемость власти объективно обусловлена пассионарностью лидера, высотой планки определения целей государства, качеством политических решений правителя, а не настроениями масс и притягательной силой перемен.