cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Self-consistent picture of the mass ejection from a one second-long binary neutron star merger leaving a short-lived remnant in general-relativistic neutrino-radiation magnetohydrodynamic simulation
Creators: name: Kiuchi, Kenta
name: Fujibayashi, Sho
name: Hayashi, Kota
name: Kyutoku, Koutarou
name: Sekiguchi, Yuichiro
name: Shibata, Masaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a general-relativistic neutrino-radiation magnetohydrodynamic simulation of a one second-long binary neutron star merger on Japanese supercomputer Fugaku using about $72$ million CPU hours with $20,736$ CPUs. We consider an asymmetric binary neutron star merger with masses of $1.2$ and $1.5M_\odot$ and a `soft' equation of state SFHo. It results in a short-lived remnant with the lifetime of $\approx 0.017$\,s, and subsequent massive torus formation with the mass of $\approx 0.05M_\odot$ after the remnant collapses to a black hole. For the first time, we confirm that after the dynamical mass ejection, which drives the fast tail and mildly relativistic components, the post-merger mass ejection from the massive torus takes place due to the magnetorotational instability-driven turbulent viscosity and the two ejecta components are seen in the distributions of the electron fraction and velocity with distinct features.
description: Accepted in PRL. 8 pages, 5 figure, Supplement Material is https://www2.yukawa.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~kenta.kiuchi/anime/FUGAKU/FUGAKU2022_Supplement_Material.pdf
Lycopodiella andicola B. Ollgaard 2004
Creators: name: Øllgaard, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Lycopodiopsida
Lycopodiales
Lycopodiaceae
Lycopodiella
Lycopodiella andicola

description: Lycopodiella andicola B. Øllgaard (2004: 42).
 Selected specimens examined:— ECUADOR. Carchi: Trail San Marcos de Los Coaiqueres–El Pailón, 1000 m, Øllgaard 57709 (AAU). Esmeraldas: Road Lita–Alto Tambo, km 8.2, 750 m, Øllgaard 98745 (AAU, QCA, QCNE). Road Lita–Alto Tambo, km 19.4, 750 m, Øllgaard & Navarrete 105393 (AAU). Morona-Santiago: Road Santa Susana de Chiviasa–Panecillo, km 3–5, 1300 m, Øllgaard & Navarrete 2691 (AAU). Napo: Road Baeza–Tena, 1350 m, Øllgaard et al. 35814 (AAU). Road Baeza–Tena, between Sarayacu and Cosanga, 1750 m, Laegaard 52023 (AAU, QCA, QCNE). Pastaza: Between Mera and Cashurco, 1200 m, Asplund 19353 (K, NY, S, US). Mera, 1100–1200 m, Øllgaard & Balslev 9090 (AAU). Road Puyo–Tena, km 14, 1100 m, Øllgaard & Balslev 9239 (AAU, QCA). Tungurahua: Between Baños and Río Verde, 1600–1800 m, Acosta Solis 10277 (F). Zamora-Chinchipe: Zamora– Romerillo, km 9–16, 1000–1200 m, Øllgaard 99779 (AAU, QCA). Loja–Zamora km 39, 1600 m, Holm-Nielsen et al. 4099 (AAU, QCA, US). S of Zaruma, at entrance to Guardería Bombuscaro, 1050 m, 13 March 1993, Øllgaard 100744 (holotype LOJA, isotypes AAU, QCA).
description: Published as part of Øllgaard, Benjamin, 2016, Additions, deletions and changes to the Ecuadorian Lycopodiaceae, pp. 93-106 in Phytotaxa 246 (2) on page 95, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.246.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13678348
Galilean Yang-Mills Theory
Creators: name: Bagchi, Arjun
name: Basu, Rudranil
name: Kakkar, Ashish
name: Mehra, Aditya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the symmetry structure of the non-relativistic limit of Yang-Mills theories. Generalising previous results in the Galilean limit of electrodynamics, we discover that for Yang-Mills theories there are a variety of limits inside the Galilean regime. We first explicitly work with the $SU(2)$ theory and then generalise to $SU(N)$ for all $N$, systematising our notation and analysis. We discover that the whole family of limits lead to different sectors of Galilean Yang-Mills theories and the equations of motion in each sector exhibit hitherto undiscovered infinite dimensional symmetries, viz. infinite Galilean Conformal symmetries in $D=4$. These provide the first examples of interacting Galilean Conformal Field Theories (GCFTs) in $D>2$.
description: 35 pages
Investigation of the effect of the grain sizes on the dynamic strength of the fine-grained alumina ceramics obtained by Spark Plasma Sintering
Creators: name: V., Melekhin N.
name: S., Boldin M.
name: M., Bragov A.
name: R., Filippov A.
name: A., Popov A.
name: V., Shotin S.
name: V., Nokhrin A.
name: N., Chuvil'deev V.
name: A., Murashov A.
name: Yu., Tabachkova N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of dynamic strength tests of the alumina ceramics with various grain sizes are presented. The ceramics were obtained by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) of industrial submicron and fine Al2O3 powders. The heating up was performed with the rate of 10 oC/min; the grain sizes in the ceramics was controlled by varying the SPS temperature and the heating rate as well as by varying the initial sizes of the Al2O3 particles in the powders. The ceramics had a high density (over 98%) and a uniform fine-grained microstructure (the mean grain sizes varied from 0.8 to 13.4 mkm). The dynamic compressing tests were carried out by modified Kolsky method with using split Hopkinson pressure bar. The tests were performed at room temperature using a 20-mm PG-20 gas gun with the strain rate of ~10^3 s-1. The dependence of the dynamic ultimate strength of alumina on the grain size was found for the first time to have a non-monotonous character (with a maximum). The maximum value of the dynamic ultimate compression strength (SY = 1060 MPa) was provided at the mean grain size of ~2.9-3 mkm. The reduction of SY for alumina in the range of submicron grain sizes was shown to originate from the reduction of the relative density of the ceramics sintered at lower SPS temperatures.
description: 16 pages, 1 table, 6 figures, 28 references
Turripria woldai Masner & Garcia 2002
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Diapriidae
Turripria
Turripria woldai

description: Turripria woldai Masner & García, 2002: 111, fig. 100.
Valid name
Turripria woldai Masner & García, 2002.
Summary of types
Paratype ♀.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 83, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Feedback reshapes the baryon distribution within haloes, in halo outskirts, and beyond: the closure radius from dwarfs to massive clusters
Creators: name: Ayromlou, Mohammadreza
name: Nelson, Dylan
name: Pillepich, Annalisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore three sets of cosmological hydrodynamical simulations, IllustrisTNG, EAGLE, and SIMBA, to investigate the physical processes impacting the distribution of baryons in and around haloes across an unprecedented mass range of $10^8
description: Submitted to MNRAS
Informativo - Coleta Seletiva - Projeto AMB+ Sustentável - Universidade de Vassouras
Creators: name: Mattos, Leonardo Feijó Silvestre
name: Mendonça, Paloma Martins
name: De Carvalho Queiroz, Margareth Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sustentabilidade
Coleta Seletiva
Tempo de Decomposição
Educaçao Ambiental
Objetivos do desenvolvimento Sustentável

description: Este folheto informativo tem como objetivo destacar a importância da coleta seletiva de forma simples e direta. Ele ressalta os benefícios dessa prática, como a redução do desperdício, a proteção do meio ambiente e a geração de empregos. Além disso, o folheto fornece informações sobre quais materiais podem ser reciclados e apresenta o tempo de decomposição dos materiais mais comuns. Ele também explica o código de cores recomendado no Brasil para a correta separação de materiais recicláveis, conforme as normas da CONAMA 275. Além disso, oferece sugestões para um estilo de vida mais sustentável, baseado nos princípios dos 3R's (Reduzir, Reutilizar e Reciclar), incluindo a redução do uso de produtos descartáveis e o apoio a empresas comprometidas com a sustentabilidade.
On rank in algebraic closure
Creators: name: Lampert, Amichai
name: Ziegler, Tamar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $ {\mathbf k} $ be a field and $Q\in {\mathbf k}[x_1, \ldots, x_s]$ a form (homogeneous polynomial) of degree $d>1.$ The ${\mathbf k}$-Schmidt rank $rk_{\mathbf k}(Q)$ of $Q$ is the minimal $r$ such that $Q= \sum_{i=1}^r R_iS_i$ with $R_i, S_i \in {\mathbf k}[x_1, \ldots, x_s]$ forms of degree $4$. This result has immediate consequences for counting integer points (when $ {\mathbf k} $ is a number field) or prime points (when $ {\mathbf k} = \mathbb Q $) of the variety $ \{Q=0\} $ assuming $ rk_{\mathbf k} (Q) $ is large.
description: Published version, simplified proofs and corrected errors
Magnetic domain-wall dynamics in wide permalloy strips
Creators: name: Estevez, Virginia
name: Laurson, Lasse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Domain walls in soft permalloy strips may exhibit various equilibrium micromagnetic structures depending on the width and thickness of the strip, ranging from the well-known transverse and vortex walls in narrow and thin strips to double and triple vortex walls recently reported in wider strips [V. Estévez and L. Laurson, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 91}, 054407 (2015)]. Here we analyze the field driven dynamics of such domain walls in permalloy strips of widths from 240 nm up to 6 $μ$m, using the known equilibrium domain wall structures as initial configurations. Our micromagnetic simulations show that the domain wall dynamics in wide strips is very complex, and depends strongly on the geometry of the system, as well as on the magnitude of the driving field. We discuss in detail the rich variety of the dynamical behaviors found, including dynamic transitions between different domain wall structures, periodic dynamics of a vortex core close to the strip edge, transitions towards simpler domain wall structures of the multi-vortex domain walls controlled by vortex polarity, and the fact that for some combinations of the strip geometry and the driving field the system cannot support a compact domain wall.
description: 14 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Lycopodiella matthewsii Holub 1983
Creators: name: Øllgaard, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Lycopodiopsida
Lycopodiales
Lycopodiaceae
Lycopodiella
Lycopodiella matthewsii

description: Lycopodiella matthewsii (Hooker 1836: 26) Holub (1983: 441)
 Selected specimens examined: — ECUADOR. Azuay: Cerro Alpachaca, 3000 m, Camp E-406 (AAU, NY, S). Km 85 N of Loja, 2850–2950 m, Holm-Nielsen et al. 4831 (AAU). Oña–Río Yacuambi, 2440–2900 m, Prieto P-184 (AAU, S). Loja: Shrub páramo 17 km N of Saraguro, 2865 m, Luteyn et al. 6679, 6680 (NY). Loma de Oro, 10 km S of Saraguro, 3300 m, Balslev 1378 (NY). S of Loja, 2350 m, Asplund 17953 (NY, S). Road Loja –Zamora, km 10.5, 2600 m, Holm-Nielsen et al. 3651 (AAU, QCA). Zamora-Chinchipe: Road Loja –Zamora, 1 km E of the pass, 2750 m, Holm-Nielsen et al. 3740 (AAU).
description: Published as part of Øllgaard, Benjamin, 2016, Additions, deletions and changes to the Ecuadorian Lycopodiaceae, pp. 93-106 in Phytotaxa 246 (2) on page 95, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.246.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13678348
2-Arylidene Hydrazinecarbodithioates as Potent, Selective Inhibitors of Cystathionine γ-Lyase (CSE)
Creators: name: Bhattacharjee, Abir
name: Sinha, Antara
name: Ratia, Kiira
name: Yin, Liang
name: Delgado-Rivera, Loruhama
name: Petukhov, Pavel
name: Thatcher, Gregory R. J.
name: Wardrop, Duncan
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Hydrogen sulfide is produced from l-cysteine by the action of both cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and increasingly has been found to play a profound regulatory role in a range of physiological processes. Mounting evidence suggests that upregulation of hydrogen sulfide biosynthesis occurs in several disease states, including rheumatoid arthritis, hypertension, ischemic injury, and sleep-disordered breathing. In addition to being critical tools in our understanding of hydrogen sulfide biology, inhibitors of CSE hold therapeutic potential for the treatment of diseases in which increased levels of this gasotransmitter play a role. We describe the discovery and development of a novel series of potent CSE inhibitors that show increased activity over the benchmark inhibitor and, importantly, display high selectivity for CSE versus CBS.
The hot gas content of fossil galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Pratt, G. W.
name: Pointecouteau, E.
name: Arnaud, M.
name: van der Burg, R. F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of the hot gas in four fossil galaxy systems detected at high significance in the Planck Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) survey. XMM-Newton observations reveal overall temperatures of kT ~ 5-6 keV and yield hydrostatic masses M500,HE > 3.5 x 10e14 Msun, confirming their nature as bona fide massive clusters. We measure the thermodynamic properties of the hot gas in X-rays (out to beyond R500 in three cases) and derive their individual pressure profiles out to R ~ 2.5 R500 with the SZ data. We combine the X-ray and SZ data to measure hydrostatic mass profiles and to examine the hot gas content and its radial distribution. The average Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW) concentration parameter, c500 = 3.2 +/- 0.4, is the same as that of relaxed `normal' clusters. The gas mass fraction profiles exhibit striking variation in the inner regions, but converge to approximately the cosmic baryon fraction (corrected for depletion) at R500. Beyond R500 the gas mass fraction profiles again diverge, which we interpret as being due to a difference in gas clumping and/or a breakdown of hydrostatic equilibrium in the external regions. Overall our observations point to considerable radial variation in the hot gas content and in the gas clumping and/or hydrostatic equilibrium properties in these fossil clusters, at odds with the interpretation of their being old, evolved and undisturbed. At least some fossil objects appear to be dynamically young.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Diophantine approximation on conics
Creators: name: O'Dorney, Evan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11J06

description: Given a conic $\mathcal{C}$ over $\mathbb{Q}$, it is natural to ask what real points on $\mathcal{C}$ are most difficult to approximate by rational points of low height. For the analogous problem on the real line (for which the least approximable number is the golden ratio, by Hurwitz's theorem), the approximabilities comprise the classically studied Lagrange and Markoff spectra, but work by Cha-Kim and Cha-Chapman-Gelb-Weiss shows that the spectra of conics can vary. We provide notions of approximability, Lagrange spectrum, and Markoff spectrum valid for a general $\mathcal{C}$ and prove that their behavior is exhausted by the special family of conics $\mathcal{C}_n : XZ = nY^2$, which has symmetry by the modular group $Γ_0(n)$ and whose Markoff spectrum was studied in a different guise by A. Schmidt and Vulakh. The proof proceeds by using the Gross-Lucianovic bijection to relate a conic to a quaternionic subring of $\operatorname{Mat}^{2\times 2}(\mathbb{Z})$ and classifying invariant lattices in its $2$-dimensional representation.
description: 12 pp., incl. 2 tables. Corrected some minor errors and omissions from published version
Self-supervised remote sensing feature learning: Learning Paradigms, Challenges, and Future Works
Creators: name: Tao, Chao
name: Qi, Ji
name: Guo, Mingning
name: Zhu, Qing
name: Li, Haifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning has achieved great success in learning features from massive remote sensing images (RSIs). To better understand the connection between feature learning paradigms (e.g., unsupervised feature learning (USFL), supervised feature learning (SFL), and self-supervised feature learning (SSFL)), this paper analyzes and compares them from the perspective of feature learning signals, and gives a unified feature learning framework. Under this unified framework, we analyze the advantages of SSFL over the other two learning paradigms in RSIs understanding tasks and give a comprehensive review of the existing SSFL work in RS, including the pre-training dataset, self-supervised feature learning signals, and the evaluation methods. We further analyze the effect of SSFL signals and pre-training data on the learned features to provide insights for improving the RSI feature learning. Finally, we briefly discuss some open problems and possible research directions.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables
"I like to see the ups and downs of my own journey": Returning to Past Content about Weight Related Journeys on Social Media
Creators: name: Karizat, Nadia
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2021
Subjects: social media
weight stigma
digital archives
memory
weight-related journeys

description: In a society where diet culture sells a singular idea equating thinness with beauty and worth and social media content stigmatizing weight is widespread, some social media users share content documenting their journeys with weight online and, as a result, develop personal digital archives filled with personal, potentially stigmatized and emotionally-sensitive content. Through 17 semi-structured interviews with individuals, between the ages of 18 and 24, who share(d) about a weight-related journey (including weight acceptance, weight maintenance, weight loss, weight gain and more) on social media, this thesis explores the ways users engage with the past and a "personal archive" that documents their personal weight-related journeys. This work details the motivations behind their returns to the past and the impacts this had on their perceived well-being. I argue these returns to the past forced an engagement between users' past and current selves in ways that resulted in dynamic interpretations of the self and led to positive and negative impacts on well-being. I proposed ways social media may start to reconcile and support its users engaging with a past that is sensitive or impacted by stigma. Lastly, I identified weight-related journeys as a case where researchers can explore the implications of social media as a personal archive when its digital artifacts create a repository of data that holds sway over one's self-concept and well-being, such as an archive prompting comparisons of the self that attribute one version, past or present, as more worthy.
Nonlinear electromagnetic formulation for particle simulation of lower hybrid waves in toroidal geometry
Creators: name: Bao, J.
name: Lin, Z.
name: Kuley, A.
name: Wang, Z. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic particle simulation model has been formulated and verified for nonlinear processes of lower hybrid (LH) waves in fusion plasmas. Electron dynamics is described by the drift kinetic equation using either kinetic momentum or canonical momentum. Ion dynamics is treated as the fluid system or by the Vlasov equation. Compressible magnetic perturbation is retained to simulate both the fast and slow LH waves. Numerical properties are greatly improved by using electron continuity equation to enforce consistency between electrostatic potential and vector potential, and by using the importance sampling technique. The simulation model has been implemented in the gyrokinetic toroidal code (GTC), and verified for the dispersion relation and nonlinear particle trapping of the electromagnetic LH waves.
Host-microbe interactions and outcomes in multiple myeloma and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Creators: name: Pianko, MJ
name: Golob, JL
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2022
Subjects: Butyrate
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Microbiome
Microbiota
Multiple myeloma
Short-chain fatty acids
Graft vs Host Disease
Hematologic Neoplasms
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Host Microbial Interactions
Humans
Multiple Myeloma
Tumor Microenvironment

description: Microbiota are essential to normal immune development and there is growing recognition of its importance to human health and disease and deepening understanding of the complexity of host-microbe interactions in the human gut and other tissues. Commensal microbes not only can influence host immunity locally through impacts of bioactive microbial metabolites and direct interactions with epithelial cells and innate immune receptors but also can exert systemic immunomodulatory effects via impacts on host immune cells capable of trafficking beyond the gut. Emerging data suggest microbiota influence the development of multiple myeloma (MM), a malignancy of the immune system derived from immunoglobulin-producing bone marrow plasma cells, through the promotion of inflammation. Superior treatment outcomes for MM correlate with a higher abundance of commensal microbiota capable of influencing inflammatory responses through the production of butyrate. In patients with hematologic malignancies, higher levels of diversity of the gut microbiota correlate with superior outcomes after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Correlative data support the impact of commensal microbiota on survival, risk of infection, disease relapse, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after transplant. In this review, we will discuss the current understanding of the role of host-microbe interactions and the inflammatory tumor microenvironment of multiple myeloma, discuss data describing the key role of microbiota in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for treatment of hematologic malignancies, and highlight several possible concepts for interventions directed at the gut microbiota to influence treatment outcomes.
RelaxNet: A structure-preserving neural network to approximate the Boltzmann collision operator
Creators: name: Xiao, Tianbai
name: Frank, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper addresses a neural network-based surrogate model that provides a structure-preserving approximation for the fivefold collision integral. The notion originates from the similarity in structure between the BGK-type relaxation model and residual neural network (ResNet) when a particle distribution function is treated as the input to the neural network function. We extend the ResNet architecture and construct what we call the relaxation neural network (RelaxNet). Specifically, two feed-forward neural networks with physics-informed connections and activations are introduced as building blocks in RelaxNet, which provide bounded and physically realizable approximations of the equilibrium distribution and velocity-dependent relaxation time respectively. The evaluation of the collision term is significantly accelerated since the convolution in the fivefold integral is replaced by tensor multiplication in the neural network. We fuse the mechanical advection operator and the RelaxNet-based collision operator into a unified model named the universal Boltzmann equation (UBE). We prove that UBE preserves the key structural properties in a many-particle system, i.e., positivity, conservation, invariance, and H-theorem. These properties promise that RelaxNet is superior to strategies that naively approximate the right-hand side of the Boltzmann equation using a machine learning model. The construction of the RelaxNet-based UBE and its solution algorithm are presented in detail. Several numerical experiments are investigated. The capability of the current approach for simulating non-equilibrium flow physics is validated through excellent in- and out-of-distribution performance.
description: 44 pages, 27 figures, 11 tables
EIGER II. first spectroscopic characterisation of the young stars and ionised gas associated with strong H$β$ and [OIII] line-emission in galaxies at z=5-7 with JWST
Creators: name: Matthee, Jorryt
name: Mackenzie, Ruari
name: Simcoe, Robert A.
name: Kashino, Daichi
name: Lilly, Simon J.
name: Bordoloi, Rongmon
name: Eilers, Anna-Christina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present emission-line measurements and physical interpretations for a sample of 117 [OIII] emitting galaxies at $z=5.33-6.93$, using the first deep JWST/NIRCam wide field slitless spectroscopic observations. Our 9.7-hour integration is centered upon the $z=6.3$ quasar J0100+2802 -- the first of six fields targeted by the EIGER survey -- and covers $λ=3-4$ microns. We detect 133 [OIII] doublets, but merge pairs within $\approx$10 kpc and 600 km s$^{-1}$, motivated by their small scale clustering excess. We detect H$β$ in 68 and H$γ$ emission in two galaxies. The galaxies are characterised by a UV luminosity M$_{\rm UV}\sim-19.6$ ($-17.7$ to $-22.3$), stellar mass ~$10^8$ $(10^{6.8-10.1})$ M$_{\odot}$, H$β$ and [OIII] EWs $\approx$ 850 Angstrom (up to 3000 Angstrom), young ages (~100 Myr), a highly excited interstellar medium ([OIII]/H$β\approx6$) and low dust attenuations. These high EWs are very rare in the local Universe, but we show they are ubiquitous at $z\sim6$ based on the measured number densities. The stacked spectrum reveals H$γ$ and [OIII]$_{4364}$ which shows that the galaxies are typically dust and metal poor (E(B-V)=0.1, 12+log(O/H)=7.4) with a high electron temperature ($2\times10^4$ K) and a production efficiency of ionising photons ($ξ_{\rm ion}=10^{25.3}$ Hz erg$^{-1}$). We further show the existence of a strong mass-metallicity relation. The young highly ionising stellar populations, moderately low metallicities, low dust attenuations and high ionisation state in z~6 galaxies conspire to maximise the [OIII] output from galaxies, yielding an [OIII] luminosity density at z~6 that is significantly higher than at z~2, despite the order of magnitude decline in cosmic star formation. Thus, [OIII] emission-line surveys with JWST prove a highly efficient method to trace the galaxy density in the epoch of reionization.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. Main text 22 pages, 20 figures. Main results in Figs 14 (Xi_ion), 15 (MEx diagram),17 (MZR), 19 ([OIII] luminosity density)
Quantum Error Mitigation by Pauli Check Sandwiching
Creators: name: Gonzales, Alvin
name: Shaydulin, Ruslan
name: Saleem, Zain
name: Suchara, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe and analyze an error mitigation technique that uses multiple pairs of parity checks to detect the presence of errors. Each pair of checks uses one ancilla qubit to detect a component of the error operator and represents one layer of the technique. We build on the results on extended flag gadgets and put it on a firm theoretical foundation. We prove that this technique can recover the noiseless state under the assumption of noise not affecting the checks. The method does not incur any encoding overhead and instead chooses the checks based on the input circuit. We provide an algorithm for obtaining such checks for an arbitrary target circuit. Since the method applies to any circuit and input state, it can be easily combined with other error mitigation techniques. We evaluate the performance of the proposed methods using extensive numerical simulations on 1,850 random input circuits composed of Clifford gates and non-Clifford single-qubit rotations, a class of circuits encompassing most commonly considered variational algorithm circuits. We observe average improvements in fidelity of 34 percentage points with six layers of checks.
description: Comments are welcome
Electric conductivity of hot pion matter
Creators: name: Atchison, Joseph
name: Rapp, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The determination of transport coefficients plays a central role in characterizing hot and dense nuclear matter. Currently, there are significant discrepancies between various calculations of the electric conductivity of hot hadronic matter. In the present work we calculate the electric conductivity of hot pion matter by extracting it from the electromagnetic spectral function, via its zero energy limit at vanishing 3-momentum, within the Vector Dominance Model (VDM). Since within the VDM the photon couples to the hadronic currents primarily through the $ρ$ meson, we use hadronic many-body theory to calculate the $ρ$-meson's self-energy in hot pion matter, by dressing its pion cloud with thermal $π$-$ρ$ and $π$-$σ$ loops including vertex corrections to maintain gauge invariance. In particular, we analyze the low-energy transport peak of the spectral function, extract its behavior with temperature and compare to (the results of) existing approaches in the literature.
Symbolic Calculus in Mathematical Statistics: A Review
Creators: name: Di Nardo, Elvira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the last ten years, the employment of symbolic methods has substantially extended both the theory and the applications of statistics and probability. This survey reviews the development of a symbolic technique arising from classical umbral calculus, as introduced by Rota and Taylor in $1994.$ The usefulness of this symbolic technique is twofold. The first is to show how new algebraic identities drive in discovering insights among topics apparently very far from each other and related to probability and statistics. One of the main tools is a formal generalization of the convolution of identical probability distributions, which allows us to employ compound Poisson random variables in various topics that are only somewhat interrelated. Having got a different and deeper viewpoint, the second goal is to show how to set up algorithmic processes performing efficiently algebraic calculations. In particular, the challenge of finding these symbolic procedures should lead to a new method, and it poses new problems involving both computational and conceptual issues. Evidence of efficiency in applying this symbolic method will be shown within statistical inference, parameter estimation, Lévy processes, and, more generally, problems involving multivariate functions. The symbolic representation of Sheffer polynomial sequences allows us to carry out a unifying theory of classical, Boolean and free cumulants. Recent connections within random matrices have extended the applications of the symbolic method.
description: 72 pages
Palhinhaea reflexifolia B. Ollgaard 2015
Creators: name: Øllgaard, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Lycopodiopsida
Lycopodiales
Lycopodiaceae
Palhinhaea
Palhinhaea reflexifolia

description: Palhinhaea reflexifolia B. Øllgaard (2015: 190).— Figure 3.
 Selected specimens examined:— ECUADOR. Morona-Santiago: Cordillera del Cóndor, Gentry 80006 (MO). Zamora-Chinchipe: Río Nangaritza, E banks at La Guantza 5 km S of Patchicutza, 900 m, Øllgaard 98300 (AAU, QCA, QCNE). Miazi, at junction of Río Chumbiriarza to Río Nangaritza, 950–1200 m, Øllgaard et al. 99327 (AAU, QCA, QCNE). 3 km E of Paquisha, 1100 m, Harling & Andersson 23995 (AAU, GB, QCA).
 Notes: —This species is a close relative of Palhinhaea cernua (L.) Vasconcellos & Franco (1967: 25), and differs by the rigid and tall main aerial axes with densely crowded and strongly reflexed leaves. Usually a pioneer on disturbed ground in lower montane forest, often seen together with P. cernua. This species occurs on the Eastern Andean slopes from Ecuador to Bolivia, elev. 900–1600 m. Type from Bolivia.
 Phlegmariurus echinatus (Spring) B. Øllgaard (2012b: 14). Lycopodium echinatum Spring (1849: 24). Huperzia echinata (Spring) Trevisan (1874: 247). Urostachys echinatus (Spring) Herter ex Nessel (1939: 178).—Type: “Mudo [?Muxo, or Mujo], January 1826, Nova Granada ” Purdie s. n., (lectotype K, designated by Øllgaard 1988: 109, isolectotypes BM, GH, NY).
 Lycopodium molongense Herter (1909: 51). Huperzia molongensis (Herter) Holub (1985: 75).— Phlegmariurus molongensis (Herter) B. Øllgaard (2012b: 17).
 Notes: —The type of Phlegmariurus echinatus is a very large plant that might appear outside the variation range of the collections formerly referred to Phlegmariurus molongensis. It was discussed in Flora of Ecuador (Øllgaard 1988: 109). However, access to new material and reassessment of the lectotype shows that some terminal divisions in the lectotype are sharply quadrangular, matching the specimens then referred to P. molongensis and bridging the gap between them. Therefore the older name must be applied.
 Phlegmariurus galapagensis (O.J.Hamann) B. Øllgaard (2012 b: 15). Lycopodium setaceum Lamarck (1792: 643) subsp. galapagense Hamann (1974: 252).
 Notes: —This species is endemic to the Galápagos Islands and was not treated in Flora of Ecuador, because this includes only continental Ecuador (Øllgaard 1988). It is a robust member of the Phlegmariurus acerosus (Swartz 1806: 1575) B. Øllgaard (2012a: 480) group.
description: Published as part of Øllgaard, Benjamin, 2016, Additions, deletions and changes to the Ecuadorian Lycopodiaceae, pp. 93-106 in Phytotaxa 246 (2) on pages 96-97, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.246.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13678348
Performance Analysis for Pilot-based 1-bit Channel Estimation with Unknown Quantization Threshold
Creators: name: Stein, Manuel
name: Bar, Shahar
name: Nossek, Josef A.
name: Tabrikian, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Parameter estimation using quantized observations is of importance in many practical applications. Under a symmetric $1$-bit setup, consisting of a zero-threshold hard-limiter, it is well known that the large sample performance loss for low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) is moderate ($\frac{2}π$ or $-1.96$dB). This makes low-complexity analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) with $1$-bit resolution a promising solution for future wireless communications and signal processing devices. However, hardware imperfections and external effects introduce the quantizer with an unknown hard-limiting level different from zero. In this paper, the performance loss associated with pilot-based channel estimation, subject to an asymmetric hard limiter with unknown offset, is studied under two setups. The analysis is carried out via the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) and an expected CRLB for a setup with random parameter. Our findings show that the unknown threshold leads to an additional information loss, which vanishes for low SNR values or when the offset is close to zero.
description: IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing (ICASSP), Shanghai, China, 2016
Topological surface states in dense solid hydrogen
Creators: name: Naumov, Ivan I.
name: Hemley, Russell J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been established that two-dimensional massless graphene-like systems and three-dimensional line-node topological semimetals comprise a special class of centrosymmetric materials where edge/surface states of topological nature inevitably appear in some k-regions. We show that the phases of solid hydrogen produced at megabar pressures can be line-node topological semimetals. In such phases, the material exhibits topological surface states and therefore can be a poor bulk metal but good surface conductor. The results may help to explain discrepant high-pressure experimental data reported for dense hydrogen as well as provide predictions for future measurements, including possible surface superconductivity in hydrogen. Related topological behavior may be expected in high-pressure phases formed in other elements including simple metals.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Palatini Variation in Generalized Geometry and String Effective Actions
Creators: name: Jurco, Branislav
name: Moucka, Filip
name: Vysoky, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop the Palatini formalism within the framework of generalized Riemannian geometry of Courant algebroids. In this context, the Palatini variation of a generalized Einstein-Hilbert-Palatini action - formed using a generalized metric, a Courant algebroid connection (in contrary to the ordinary case, not necessarily a torsionless one) and a volume form - leads naturally to a proper notion of a generalized Levi-Civita connection and low-energy effective actions of string theory.
The Effect of Plasma Beta on High-n Ballooning Stability at Low Magnetic Shear
Creators: name: Connor, J W
name: Ham, C J
name: Hastie, R J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An explanation of the observed improvement in H-mode pedestal characteristics with increasing core plasma pressure or poloidal beta, as observed in MAST and JET, is sought in terms of the impact of the Shafranov shift, d', on ideal ballooning MHD stability.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures. This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article submitted for publication in Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. IoP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it
Palhinhaea lehmannii Holub 1991
Creators: name: Øllgaard, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Lycopodiopsida
Lycopodiales
Lycopodiaceae
Palhinhaea
Palhinhaea lehmannii

description: Palhinhaea lehmannii (Hieronymus 1905: 574) Holub (1991: 93).
 Selected specimens examined: — ECUADOR. Pichincha: Reserva Floristica-Ecologica Río Guajalito, 3.5 km NE of the old road Quito–Sto. Domingo, km 59, cloud forest, 1800–2200 m, Jaramillo & Zak 8109 (AAU, NY); Bosque subandino de Saloya, descenso W de la Cord Occidental, 1800 m, Acosta Solis 5617 (F, US); Camino Santo Domingo, 3050 m, Prescott 1254 (MSC). Sucumbíos: Road La Bonita–Sta. Barbara, 2 km N of La Bonita, 2057 m, Croat, T. B. & Ferry, G. 93776 (AAU).
 Notes: —In the Flora of Ecuador (Øllgaard 1988: 145–147), material of this species was treated under Lycopodiella glaucescens (C.Presl) B. Øllgaard (1987: 176) (syn. Palhinhaea glaucescens (Presl 1825: 81) Holub 1991: 93) in spite of its unusually slender growth habit. However new material from both Colombia and Ecuador supports the conclusion that it is distinct from that species due to its slender, hairy stems, more delicate main stem leaves, and small strobili. This species is illustrated in Flora of Ecuador figure 28 B as L. glaucescens, together with figure 28 A, which shows P. glaucescens proper, reflecting the doubt of its distinctness from that species at the time.
description: Published as part of Øllgaard, Benjamin, 2016, Additions, deletions and changes to the Ecuadorian Lycopodiaceae, pp. 93-106 in Phytotaxa 246 (2) on page 95, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.246.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13678348
Isoperimetric equalities for rosettes
Creators: name: Zwierzyński, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study the isoperimetric-type equalities for rosettes, i.e. regular closed planar curves with non-vanishing curvature. We find the exact relations between the length and the oriented area of rosettes based on the oriented areas of the Wigner caustic, the Constant Width Measure Set and the Spherical Measure Set. We also study and find new results about the geometry of affine equidistants of rosettes and of the union of rosettes.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures
Peckidium enigmaticum Masner & Garcia 2002
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Diapriidae
Peckidium
Peckidium enigmaticum

description: Peckidium enigmaticum Masner & García, 2002: 119, figs 82-83.
Valid name
Peckidium enigmaticum Masner & García, 2002.
Summary of types
Paratype ♀.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 83, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Large Acceptance Spectrometers for Invariant Mass Spectroscopy of Exotic Nuclei and Future Development
Creators: name: Nakamura, T.
name: Kondo, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large acceptance spectrometers at in-flight RI separators have played significant roles in investigating the structure of exotic nuclei. Such spectrometers are in particular useful for probing unbound states of exotic nuclei, using invariant mass spectroscopy with reactions at intermediate and high energies. We discuss here the key characteristic features of such spectrometers, by introducing the recently commissioned SAMURAI facility at the RIBF, RIKEN. We also explore the issue of cross talk in the detection of multiple neutrons, which has become crucial for exploring further unbound states and nuclei beyond the neutron drip line. Finally we discuss future perspectives for large acceptance spectrometers at the new-generation RI-beam facilities.
description: EMIS-2015 Conference Proceedings, submitted to NIMB
How to Assess Trustworthy AI in Practice
Creators: name: Zicari, Roberto V.
name: Amann, Julia
name: Bruneault, Frédérick
name: Coffee, Megan
name: Düdder, Boris
name: Hickman, Eleanore
name: Gallucci, Alessio
name: Gilbert, Thomas Krendl
name: Hagendorff, Thilo
name: van Halem, Irmhild
name: Hildt, Elisabeth
name: Holm, Sune
name: Kararigas, Georgios
name: Kringen, Pedro
name: Madai, Vince I.
name: Mathez, Emilie Wiinblad
name: Tithi, Jesmin Jahan
name: Vetter, Dennis
name: Westerlund, Magnus
name: Wurth, Renee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This report is a methodological reflection on Z-Inspection$^{\small{\circledR}}$. Z-Inspection$^{\small{\circledR}}$ is a holistic process used to evaluate the trustworthiness of AI-based technologies at different stages of the AI lifecycle. It focuses, in particular, on the identification and discussion of ethical issues and tensions through the elaboration of socio-technical scenarios. It uses the general European Union's High-Level Expert Group's (EU HLEG) guidelines for trustworthy AI. This report illustrates for both AI researchers and AI practitioners how the EU HLEG guidelines for trustworthy AI can be applied in practice. We share the lessons learned from conducting a series of independent assessments to evaluate the trustworthiness of AI systems in healthcare. We also share key recommendations and practical suggestions on how to ensure a rigorous trustworthy AI assessment throughout the life-cycle of an AI system.
description: On behalf of the Z-Inspection$^{\small{\circledR}}$ initiative (2022)
Selection Games with Minimal Usco Maps
Creators: name: Caruvana, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 91A44, 54C60, 54C35, 54D20, 54B20

description: We establish relationships between various topological selection games involving the space of minimal usco maps with various topologies, including the topology of pointwise convergence and the topology of uniform convergence on compact sets, and the underlying domain using full- and limited-information strategies. We also tie these relationships to analogous results related to spaces of continuous functions. The primary games we consider include Rothberger-like games, generalized point-open games, strong fan-tightness games, Tkachuk's closed discrete selection game, and Gruenhage's $W$-games.
Characterizing entanglement dimensionality from randomized measurements
Creators: name: Liu, Shuheng
name: He, Qiongyi
name: Huber, Marcus
name: Gühne, Otfried
name: Vitagliano, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of detecting the dimensionality of entanglement with the use of correlations between measurements in randomized directions. First, exploiting the recently derived covariance matrix criterion for the entanglement dimensionality [S. Liu et al., arXiv:2208.04909], we derive an inequality that resembles well-known entanglement criteria, but contains different bounds for the different dimensionalities of entanglement. This criterion is invariant under local changes of $su(d)$ bases and can be used to find regions in the space of moments of randomized correlations, generalizing the results of [S. Imai et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 126, 150501 (2021)] to the case of entanglement-dimensionality detection. In particular, we find analytical boundary curves for the different entanglement dimensionalities in the space of second- and fourth-order moments of randomized correlations for all dimensions $d_a = d_b = d$ of a bipartite system. We then show how our method works in practice, also considering a finite statistical sample of correlations, and we also show that it can detect more states than other entanglement-dimensionality criteria available in the literature, thus providing a method that is both very powerful and potentially simpler in practical scenarios. We conclude by discussing the partly open problem of the implementation of our method in the multipartite scenario.
Virtual Voyaging for Science.
Creators: name: Leachman, Siobhan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: WeDigBio
Citizen Science
Wikipedia
Bionomia Tracker

description: A presentation given as part of the 2023 WeDigBio’s "Why Dig Bio—Major Motivations Across Scale for Digitizing Biodiversity Symposium". It outlines my motivations for participating in the WeDigBio transcription event and highlights some workflows I use including connecting natural history collectors to their specimens via the website Bionomia Tracker and writing Wikipedia articles on species, natural history collectors and the locations the collectors travel to. A recording of the symposium can be found here https://vimeo.com/818540025