cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sekseverschillen in het onderwijs: 'The boys' problem' in internationaal perspectief
Creators: name: Driessen, Geert
name: Van Langen, Annemarie
Publisher: name: Mens & Maatschappij
Year: 2007

description: Sex differences in education. ‘The boys’ problem’ in international perspective

Recently, in several countries a moral panic has broken out after reports hit the news that girls wereoutperforming boys in education. ‘The boys’ problem’ was born. Measures were announced by the respectivegovernments to combat this new form of educational inequality. The present review of theinternational literature focuses on the following questions: Can one indeed speak of a boys’ problem,and if so, how long has it been in existence? How big are the effects of pupils’ sex relative to those oftheir social background and ethnicity? Does the resulting picture apply to all countries in the westernworld? What kinds of explanations are offered for the sex differences? Results show that, viewed internationally,a certain degree of vertical educational inequality based on sex that works against boyscurrently exists. This inequality is however much smaller than that of social background and ethnicity.At the same time, results show a large horizontal educational inequality based on sex regarding thedistribution of boys and girls across courses and sectors.
resource allocation
Creators: name: Imada, Hirotaka
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Previous studies have investigated in-group prosocial behavior and identified that personal reputation plays a key role. However, they overlooked an important feature of existing groups: hierarchical structure.
Given individuals display prosocial behavior towards in-group members to maintain a positive reputation in order to avoid ostracism, it can be hypothesized that individuals would be more prosocial towards in-group members who have more power. On the other hand, they would be less generous towards those who have less power.
The present study is aimed to understand whether individuals treat in-group members of different power in the same manner, or not.
A Brief Online Mindfulness Intervention for Women’s Sexual Desire: The BROWSE Study
Creators: name: Makarenko, Brett
name: Xue, Adrianna
name: Brotto, Lori
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Other Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: mindfulness
subject: online interventions
subject: sex therapy
subject: sexual desire
subject: web-based

description: With growing interest in developing digital health tools for treating sexual dysfunction, this pilot study aimed to determine feasibility and gather preliminary efficacy data of a self-led online mindfulness intervention in comparison to an online psychoeducational intervention addressing women’s sexual desire in a community sample (N=57). After a four-week intervention, participants showed overall improvements on sexual functioning, orgasm, sexual self-pleasure, sexual self-image, and sexual distress, in both treatment arms. Majority completed assigned homework and felt the intervention enhanced their sexual well-being. This study supports the feasibility of a self-led online mindfulness intervention that could help establish future programs.
Identification of Polygonum orientale constituents using high-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Hyeji Shin
name: Yeeun Park
name: Jeon, Young Ho
name: Xi-Tao Yan
name: Lee, Ki Yong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy

description: Our primary focus in this research was to identify and characterize its bioactive compounds for potential therapeutic use. Twenty-seven metabolites of Polygonum orientale were identified using LC-QTOF tandem mass spectrometry. Interestingly, P. orientale extracts included several highly oxygenated flavonoids were isolated from P. orientale by column chromatography. 13C NMR data of highly oxygenated flavonoids (1–7) are reported here for the first time. In addition, nitric oxide, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, and water-soluble tetrazolium salt assays were carried out on the isolated compounds to investigate their anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and neuroprotective activities, respectively. Compounds 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, and 8 significantly attenuated lipopolysaccharide-stimulated NO production in BV2 cells without affecting cell viability. Compounds 9–12 exhibited significant antioxidant activity, while compounds 8, 9, and 12 exhibited protective effects against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in HT22 cells. Our results indicate that P. orientale is a promising source of natural agents for the potential treatment of inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. Chemical profile of Polygonum orientale.
Investigation of hydrocarbon biomarkers preserved in the Fortescue Group in the Pilbara Craton, Western Australia
Creators: name: Hoshino, Yosuke
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Biomarker studies on the 2.78-2.63 Ga Fortescue Group, Pilbara Craton, Western Australia, have gained tremendous attention for understanding Neoarchean ecosystems. However, there has been a serious debate about the indigeneity and syngeneity of biomarkers contained in the Group. This work focuses on the development of clean processing methods of Archean rock samples free from contamination, and the interpretation of potential Archean biomarkers to reveal information about the ancient biosphere preserved in stromatolite fossils and shales. The examined rock samples were from outcrops and drill cores, and were collected from the Kylena, Tumbiana, Maddina and Jeerinah formations in the Fortescue Group. There are plenty of stromatolite outcrops with various morphologies in the northeast part of the Pilbara region. The three drill cores recovered across the Pilbara region were also examined. Rock samples were sliced into several pieces from the outside towards the inside, so as to separately analyse the hydrocarbon content. This procedure enables recent contamination to be distinguished from indigenous hydrocarbon signatures preserved deep inside the rocks. Most samples including all drill core samples only contain trace amounts of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, at levels almost comparable but in some cases somewhat above laboratory contamination levels. The hydrocarbon distributions are characteristic of a high thermal maturity, consistent with the prehnite-pumpellyite metamorphic facies that the Fortescue Group experienced. However, one outcrop sample from the Tumbiana Formation preserves various hopanes and steranes, as well as mid-chain branched monomethylalkanes deep inside the rock,which is interpreted as indicating the presence of cyanobacteria and eukaryotes at 2.7 Ga. The finding further supports the presence of oxygen and the emergence of oxygenic photosynthesis before the Great Oxidation Event at 2.4 Ga. However, the samples which contain potential Archean biomarkers are limited, and further extensive studies will be necessary to decisively constrain the timing of evolution of cyanobacteria. In addition to the ancient cyanobacteria, recent cyanobacterial habitation on rock surfaces is indicated by the high concentration of mid-chain branched monomethylalkanes within the surface layers of the investigated rocks.
Unveiling the Composition of the Single-Charm Molecular Pentaquarks: Insights from Radiative Decay and Magnetic Moment
Creators: name: Wang, Fu-Lai
name: Luo, Si-Qiang
name: Liu, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to unravel the composition of the isoscalar $DN$, $D^*N$, $D_1N$, and $D_2^*N$ molecular pentaquarks, we carry out a systematic investigation of their M1 and E1 radiative decays and magnetic moment properties. Using the constituent quark model and taking into account the $S$-$D$ wave mixing effect and the coupled channel effect, our analysis yields numerical results indicating that the M1 and E1 radiative decays and the magnetic moment properties of these molecular pentaquarks provide some insights into their inner structures. These results can provide crucial clues for distinguishing their spin-parity quantum numbers and configurations in experimental studies. In addition, we highlight the importance of the electromagnetic properties as key observables for elucidating the inner structures of the observed $Λ_c^{+} (2940)$ and $Λ_c^{+} (2910)$. We hope that these findings can inspire our experimental colleagues to further explore the family of the single-charm molecular pentaquarks and to investigate the inner structures of the $Λ_c^{+} (2940)$ and $Λ_c^{+} (2910)$ in future studies.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, and 5 tables
Localized fluidization in granular materials: Theoretical and numerical study
Creators: name: Montellà, E. P.
name: Toraldo, M.
name: Chareyre, B.
name: Sibille, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present analytical and numerical results on localized fluidization within a granular layer subjected to a local injection of fluid. As the injection rate increases the three different regimes previously reported in the literature are recovered: homogeneous expansion of the bed, fluidized cavity in which fluidization starts developing above the injection area, and finally the chimney of fluidized grains when the fluidization zone reaches the free surface. The analytical approach is at the continuum scale, based on Darcy's law and Therzaghi's effective stress principle. It provides a good description of the phenomenon as long as the porosity of the granular assembly remains relatively homogeneous, i.e. for small injection rates. The numerical approach is at the particle scale based on the coupled DEM-PFV method. It tackles the more heterogeneous situations which occur at larger injection rates. The results from both methods are in qualitative agreement with data published independently. A more quantitative agreement is achieved by the numerical model. A direct link is evidenced between the occurrence of the different regimes of fluidization and the injection aperture. While narrow apertures let the three different regimes be distinguished clearly, larger apertures tend to produce a single homogeneous fluidization regime. In the former case, it is found that the transition between the cavity regime and the chimney regime for an increasing injection rate coincides with a peak in the evolution of inlet pressure. Finally, the occurrence of the different regimes is defined in terms of the normalized flux and aperture.
Intrinsic Ferromagnetism in the Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor Co:TiO$_2$
Creators: name: Saadaoui, H.
name: Luo, X.
name: Salman, Z.
name: Cui, X. Y.
name: Bao, N. N.
name: Bao, P.
name: Zheng, R. K.
name: Tseng, L.
name: Du, Y. H.
name: Prokscha, T.
name: Suter, A.
name: Liu, T.
name: Wang, Y. R.
name: Li, S.
name: Ding, J.
name: Ringer, S. P.
name: Morenzoni, E.
name: Yi, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we present a study of magnetism in \CTO\ anatase films grown by pulsed laser deposition under a variety of oxygen partial pressures and deposition rates. Energy-dispersive spectrometry and transition electron microscopy analyses indicate that a high deposition rate leads to a homogeneous microstructure, while very low rate or postannealing results in cobalt clustering. Depth resolved low-energy muon spin rotation experiments show that films grown at a low oxygen partial pressure ($\approx 10^{-6}$ torr) with a uniform structure are fully magnetic, indicating intrinsic ferromagnetism. First principles calculations identify the beneficial role of low oxygen partial pressure in the realization of uniform carrier-mediated ferromagnetism. This work demonstrates that Co:TiO$_2$ is an intrinsic diluted magnetic semiconductor.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, Supplemental Material (not included): 17 pages, 9 Figures
Mean motion resonances at high eccentricities: the 2:1 and the 3:2 interior resonances
Creators: name: Wang, Xianyu
name: Malhotra, Renu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 70M20, 70F07, 70F15

description: Mean motion resonances [MMRs] play an important role in the formation and evolution of planetary systems and have significantly influenced the orbital properties and distribution of planets and minor planets in the solar system as well as exo-planetary systems. Most previous theoretical analyses have focused on the low-to-moderate eccentricity regime, but with new discoveries of high eccentricity resonant minor planets and even exoplanets, there is increasing motivation to examine MMRs in the high eccentricity regime. Here we report on a study of the high eccentricity regime of MMRs in the circular planar restricted three-body problem. Non-perturbative numerical analyses of the 2:1 and the 3:2 interior resonances are carried out for a wide range of secondary-to-primary mass ratio, and for a wide range of eccentricity of the test particle. The surface-of-section technique is used to study the phase space structure near resonances. We identify transitions in phase space at certain critical eccentricities related to the geometry of resonant orbits; new stable libration zones appear at high eccentricity at libration centers shifted from those at low eccentricities. We present novel results on the mass and eccentricity dependence of the resonance libration centers and their widths in semi-major axis. Our results show that MMRs have sizable libration zones at high eccentricities, comparable to those at lower eccentricities.
description: 16 pages. Submitted to AAS Journals
On the removable singularities of complex analytic sets
Creators: name: Chirka, E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: There is proved the sufficiency of several conditions for the removability of singularities of complex-analytic sets in domains of $\mathbb C^n$.
Three new flavonoids, proanthocyanidin, and accompanying phenolic constituents from Feijoa sellowiana
Creators: name: Aoyama, Hiroe
name: Sakagami, Hiroshi
name: Hatano, Tsutomu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Our investigation of phenolic constituents of fruits, flower buds, and leaves of Feijoa sellowiana led to the isolation of twenty-one phenolics including three new gossypetin glycosides 1–3, and also the purification of a proanthocyanidin fraction. A high-performance liquid chromatography method for simultaneous analysis of phenolic constituents was established and then used to investigate the phenolic profiles of the parts of the plant species, to show the presence of characteristic flavonoids and ellagic acid derivatives or ellagitannins in the extracts from fruits, flower buds, and leaves. The branch extract profile also suggested the presence of alkylated ellagic acids as characteristic constituents. Inhibitory effects of feijoa flavonoids on mushroom tyrosinase were seen, although in some cases this may have resulted from direct interaction with the enzyme. Cytotoxic effect of the proanthocyanidin fraction was also shown. New flavonoids were found in various parts of Feijoa sellowiana.
title: Σχεδιάζοντας για το εφήμερο: Εφαρμογή πολυμορφικών επίπλων στο χώρο.
title: Designing for the ephemeral: Application of polymorphic furniture in space.
Creators: name: Κουμπια Εμμανουελα
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2024

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία επικεντρώνεται στο σχεδιασμό και την εφαρμογή πολυμορφικών επίπλων με στόχο την επίδειξη τριών βασικών εφήμερων χρήσεων του χώρου. Η μελέτη αυτή εξετάζει τον τρόπο με τον οποίο η κατάλληλη χρήση των επίπλων μπορεί να συμβάλλει στη δημιουργία δυναμικών και πολυλειτουργικών χώρων, που μπορούν να προσαρμόζονται σε διαφορετικές χρήσεις. Τα πολυμορφικά αυτά έπιπλα χαρακτηρίζονται από την ευελιξία και την προσαρμοστικότητά τους, επιτρέποντας την ταχεία μεταβολή του χώρου ανάλογα με τις εκάστοτε ανάγκες.
Αρχικά, αναλύονται κάποιες βασικές έννοιες, όπως η ευελιξία, οι εφήμεροι χώροι, το modularity και αναφέρεται η αναγκαιότητα για πολυμορφικά έπιπλα στον σύγχρονο κόσμο. Ακολουθεί η περιγραφή της διαδικασίας σχεδιασμού των επίπλων, από την αρχική ιδέα και τα πρώτα σχέδια μέχρι την τελική υλοποίηση. Στη συνέχεια, η εργασία επικεντρώνεται στην πρακτική εφαρμογή των επίπλων σε έναν συγκεκριμένο πολυχώρο, αναλύοντας τις εξής τρεις εφήμερες χρήσεις: έναν εκθεσιακό χώρο, έναν εργασιακό χώρο και ένα χώρο εκδηλώσεων.
Στόχος της εργασίας είναι να αναδειχθεί ότι τα πολυμορφικά έπιπλα μπορούν να ενισχύσουν την ευελιξία και την αποδοτικότητα του χώρου, προσφέροντας λύσεις που μπορούν να προσαρμοστούν γρήγορα και εύκολα στις μεταβαλλόμενες συνθήκες των χρηστών.
description: This dissertation focuses on the design and implementation of multimodal furniture to demonstrate three key ephemeral uses of space. This study examines how the appropriate use of furniture can contribute to the creation of dynamic and multifunctional spaces that can be adapted to different uses. This multifunctional furniture is characterised by its flexibility and adaptability, allowing the space to change rapidly according to the needs of the moment.
First, some basic concepts such as flexibility, ephemeral spaces, modularity are analysed and the necessity for polymorphic furniture in the modern world is mentioned. This is followed by a description of the furniture design process, from the initial concept and first drawings to the final implementation. The project then focuses on the practical application of the furniture in a specific multi-space, analysing the following three ephemeral uses: an exhibition space, a workspace and an event space.
The aim of the paper is to show that multifunctional furniture can enhance the flexibility and efficiency of the space, offering solutions that can be quickly and easily adapted to the changing conditions of the users.
Monotonicity of facet numbers of random convex hulls
Creators: name: Bonnet, Gilles
name: Grote, Julian
name: Temesvari, Daniel
name: Thaele, Christoph
name: Turchi, Nicola
name: Wespi, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52A22, 52B05, 53C65, 60D05

description: Let $X_1,\ldots,X_n$ be independent random points that are distributed according to a probability measure on $\mathbb{R}^d$ and let $P_n$ be the random convex hull generated by $X_1,\ldots,X_n$ ($n\geq d+1$). Natural classes of probability distributions are characterized for which, by means of Blaschke-Petkantschin formulae from integral geometry, one can show that the mean facet number of $P_n$ is strictly monotonically increasing in $n$.
Social cognitive processes associated with parental discipline
Creators: name: Houwing, Frances
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: To investigate the role of social cognitive processes in parental discipline, this thesis presents four studies, which examine two social cognitive processes (moral disengagement and self-efficacy) and how they relate to parents' use of physical punishment. In the first study, based on a sample of 340 primarily White Australian university students (46% male, Mage = 21.2 years), a reliable and valid measure of physical punishment moral disengagement was developed. Further, analyses revealed that greater moral disengagement proneness was associated with increased intentions to use physical punishment, and less anticipated self-censure for physical punishment use. Studies two and three were based on data collected from 390 mothers (Mage = 38.7 years) of children aged between 3- to 6-years old.In the second study, a self-efficacy scale assessing mothers' confidence to engage in positive discipline practices when experiencing different emotional states (stressed, angered, depressed, and neutral) was developed. This study also examined whether discipline self efficacy was related to physical punishment use. Results demonstrated that mothers reported higher self-efficacy to use positive discipline strategies when in a neutral state than when stressed, angered, and depressed. Further, greater self-efficacy for practicing positive discipline practices was associated with less maternal use of physical punishment. In the third study, mediation analyses revealed that mothers' reduced self-efficacy beliefs when experiencing negative emotional states mediated the relationship between negative emotions (stress, anger, and depression) and parental physical punishment use. The fourth study included data from 64 parents of 3- to 6-year-old children (50% fathers, Mage = 37.7 years). The discipline self-efficacy measure was shown to be invariant across parent gender, and emotional state influenced fathers' discipline self-efficacy beliefs in a similar way to that of mothers. The findings from this thesis highlight the importance of considering social cognitive processes when investigating parental use of physical punishment. Notably, these processes may be amenable to intervention.
Novel tyrosinase inhibitors from liquid culture of Neolentinus lepideus
Creators: name: Ishihara, Atsushi
name: Ide, Yuri
name: Bito, Tomohiro
name: Ube, Naoki
name: Endo, Naoki
name: Sotome, Kozue
name: Nitaro Maekawa
name: Kotomi Ueno
name: Nakagiri, Akira
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Tyrosinase is the key enzyme that controls melanin formation in the human skin. We performed a screening of 96 extracts of mushroom cultures and fruiting bodies for examining their inhibitory activity against mushroom tyrosinase. The ethyl acetate extracts of culture filtrate of Neolentinus lepideus exhibited the strongest inhibitory activity. The active compounds 1 and 2 were purified by repeated chromatographic separations from the extract. On the basis of spectroscopic analyses, 1 and 2 were identified to be 1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran-4,5,7-triol and 5-methoxy-1,3-dihydroisobenzofuran-4,7-diol, respectively. Lineweaver-Burk plot of the enzyme reaction in the presence of 1 indicated that 1 was a potent competitive inhibitor. The respective IC50 values of 1 and 2 were 173 and 263 μg/mL. Compound 1 at 15 μg/mL suppressed melanin accumulation stimulated by α-MSH in the murine melanoma B16 cells, as well as the induced accumulation of both tyrosinase transcript and protein without inhibiting cell proliferation. We identified new tyrosinase inhibitors in the extract of culture filtrate of Neolentinus lepideus.
Phase diagram of Eu magnetic ordering in Sn-flux-grown Eu(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$)$_{2}$As$_{2}$ single crystals
Creators: name: Jin, W. T.
name: Xiao, Y.
name: Bukowski, Z.
name: Su, Y.
name: Nandi, S.
name: Sazonov, A. P.
name: Meven, M.
name: Zaharko, O.
name: Demirdis, S.
name: Nemkovski, K.
name: Schmalzl, K.
name: Tran, Lan Maria
name: Guguchia, Z.
name: Feng, E.
name: Fu, Z.
name: Brückel, Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic ground state of the Eu$^{2+}$ moments in a series of Eu(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$)$_{2}$As$_{2}$ single crystals grown from the Sn flux has been investigated in detail by neutron diffraction measurements. Combined with the results from the macroscopic properties (resistivity, magnetic susceptibility and specific heat) measurements, a phase diagram describing how the Eu magnetic order evolves with Co doping in Eu(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$)$_{2}$As$_{2}$ is established. The ground-state magnetic structure of the Eu$^{2+}$ spins is found to develop from the A-type antiferromagnetic (AFM) order in the parent compound, via the A-type canted AFM structure with some net ferromagnetic (FM) moment component along the crystallographic $\mathit{c}$ direction at intermediate Co doping levels, finally to the pure FM order at relatively high Co doping levels. The ordering temperature of Eu declines linearly at first, reaches the minimum value of 16.5(2) K around $\mathit{x}$ = 0.100(4), and then reverses upwards with further Co doping. The doping-induced modification of the indirect Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction between the Eu$^{2+}$ moments, which is mediated by the conduction $\mathit{d}$ electrons on the (Fe,Co)As layers, as well as the change of the strength of the direct interaction between the Eu$^{2+}$ and Fe$^{2+}$ moments, might be responsible for the change of the magnetic ground state and the ordering temperature of the Eu sublattice. In addition, for Eu(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$)$_{2}$As$_{2}$ single crystals with 0.10 $\leqslant$ $\mathit{x}$ $\leqslant$ 0.18, strong ferromagnetism from the Eu sublattice is well developed in the superconducting state, where a spontaneous vortex state is expected to account for the compromise between the two competing phenomena.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Evidence for coherent spicule oscillations by correcting Hinode/SOT Ca II H in the southeast limb of the Sun
Creators: name: Maralani, Alireza Ahangarzadeh
name: Tavabi, Ehsan
name: Ajabshirizadeh, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wave theories of heating the chromosphere, corona, and solar wind due to photospheric fluctuations are strengthened by the existence of observed wave coherency up to the transition region (TR). The coherency of solar spicules' intensity oscillations was explored using the Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) on the Hinode spacecraft with a height increase above the solar limb in active region (AR). We used time sequences near the southeast region from the Hinode/SOT in Ca II H line obtained on April 3, 2015 and applied the de-convolution procedure to the spicule in order to illustrate how effectively our restoration method works on fine structures such as spicules. Moreover, the intensity oscillations at different heights above the solar limb were analysed through wavelet transforms. Afterwards, the phase difference was measured among oscillations at two certain heights in search of evidence for coherent oscillations. The results of wavelet transformations revealed dominant period peaks in 2, 4, 5.5, and 6.5 min at four separate heights. The dominant frequencies for coherency level higher than 75 percent was found to be around 5.5 and 8.5 mHz. Mean phase speeds of 155-360 km s-1 were measured. We found that the mean phase speeds increased with height. The results suggest that the energy flux carried by coherent waves into the corona and heliosphere may be several times larger than previous estimates that were based solely on constant velocities. We provide compelling evidence for the existence of upwardly propagating coherent waves.
description: 5 pages, 8 figures, accepted in MNRAS. Accepted 2017 February 1. Received 2017 January 25; in original form 2016 February 29
Observation of turbulence in wave-induced oscillatory flows
Creators: name: Alberello, Alberto
name: Frascoli, Federico
name: Onorato, Miguel
name: Toffoli, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamic and thermal regimes of climate are regulated by an exchange of energy and momentum between the atmosphere and the ocean. The role exerted by surface waves on this interchange is particularly enigmatic. Waves induce turbulence in the upper ocean by breaking and through Langmuir circulations. However, waves can directly inject energy into subsurface layers. This relates to waves not being truly irrotational and therefore the induced orbital motion being turbulent. The existence, extent and properties of this turbulent oscillatory flow still remain uncertain. Here we present measurements of the velocity field of oscillatory flows, which are induced by mechanically generated random wave fields in a large scale experimental facility. Velocities were recorded at a depth sufficiently far from the water surface to rule out effects of wave breaking. We demonstrate that the spectral tail of the velocity field follows a power-law scaling close to $ω^{-5/3}$. The turbulent behaviour is investigated via rigorous statistical analysis of the structure functions to highlight the emergence of intermittency in oscillatory flows. The results show that wave motion is turbulent and can contribute to ocean mixing. By deepening of the mixed layer, wave induced motion affects cyclogenesis and sediment resuspension.
Is Time Travel Too Strange to Be Possible? Determinism and Indeterminism on Closed Timelike Curves
Creators: name: Mulder, Ruward A.
name: Dieks, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Notoriously, the Einstein equations of general relativity have solutions in which closed timelike curves (CTCs) occur. On these curves time loops back onto itself, which has exotic consequences. However, in order to make time travel stories consistent constraints have to be satisfied, which prevents seemingly ordinary and plausible processes from occurring. This, and several other "unphysical" features, have motivated many authors to exclude solutions with CTCs from consideration, e.g. by conjecturing a chronology protection law. In this contribution we shall investigate the nature of one particular class of exotic consequences of CTCs, namely those involving unexpected cases of indeterminism or determinism. Indeterminism arises even against the backdrop of the usual deterministic physical theories when CTCs do not cross spacelike hypersurfaces outside of a limited CTC-region (such hypersurfaces fail to be Cauchy surfaces). By contrast, a certain kind of determinism appears to arise when an indeterministic theory is applied on a CTC: things cannot be different from what they already were. We shall argue that on further consideration both this indeterminism and determinism on CTCs turn out to possess analogues in other, familiar areas of physics. CTC-indeterminism is close to the epistemological indeterminism we know from statistical physics, while the "fixedness" typical of CTC-determinism is pervasive in physics. CTC-determinism and CTC-indeterminism therefore do not provide incontrovertible grounds for rejecting CTCs as conceptually inadmissible.
Situation models: a framework to study reading comprehension
Creators: name: Diesen, Shifali
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The ultimate goal of reading is comprehension (Nation, 2005). The ability to read and understand text is a critical part of the education experience, and the long term consequences of poor school achievement are well known. Difficulties with reading comprehension not only hold back an individual’s learning and academic achievements but can also limit their employment options, social functioning in society, and life satisfaction (Ricketts, 2011). Reading comprehension, however, is extraordinarily complex, and rather difficult to measure considering that it involves a number of cognitive processes that cannot be observed directly (Ricketts, 2011). Understanding written text not only requires recognising words, accessing their meanings, activating relevant background, and generating inferences, but also involves monitoring ongoing comprehension (Ricketts, 2011). It follows that effective strategies for reading comprehension instruction should draw upon cognitive theories, and must extend beyond supporting text-based processing (Koning & van der Schoot, 2013). Models of reading comprehension accept that comprehension requires the reader to build a mental representation of the text (Nation, 2005). This mental representation of the text refers to the unique ‘situations’ described in the text (Zwaan & Radvansky, 1998). Situation models offer a useful framework to study reading comprehension and not only embody an individual’s personal representation of the meaning of the text but also provide a way to study the processes involved in comprehension monitoring (Rinck & Weber, 2003). The current thesis represents a first step towards invesitigating reading comprehension difficulties using a situation model framework. The first part of the thesis is a review of literature on situation models. This review contains a broad discussion of situation models, and critically evaluates research findings with a focus on methodological issues. Specifically, the implications of these methodological concerns on the interpretation of research findings are discussed. The second part of the thesis describes an empirical study combining reading time and eye movement measures to study reading comprehension processes within the framework of situation models.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IV, Cart. 188 (11 H 73), f. 0089v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: cartulaire
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IV, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 188 (11 H 73), f. 0089v, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IV, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 188 (11 H 73), f. 0089v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Natural Formation of Chloro- and Bromoacetone in Salt Lakes of Western Australia
Creators: name: Sattler, Tobias
name: Sörgel, Matthias
name: Wittmer, Julian
name: Bourtsoukidis, Efstratios
name: Krause, Torsten
name: Atlas, Elliot
name: Benk, Simon
name: Bleicher, Sergej
name: Kamilli, Katharina
name: Ofner, Johannes
name: Kopetzky, Raimo
name: Held, Andreas
name: Palm, Wolf-Ulrich
name: Williams, Jonathan
name: Zetzsch, Cornelius
name: Schöler, Heinz-Friedrich
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: 550 Geowissenschaften
subject: chloroacetone
subject: 1-chloropropan-2-one
subject: bromoacetone
subject: 1-bromopropan-2-one
subject: salt lakes
subject: natural halogenation

description: Western Australia is a semi-/arid region known for saline lakes with a wide range of geochemical parameters (pH 2.5–7.1, Cl− 10–200 g L−1). This study reports on the haloacetones chloro- and bromoacetone in air over 6 salt lake shorelines. Significant emissions of chloroacetone (up to 0.2 µmol m−2 h−1) and bromoacetone (up to 1. 5 µmol m−2 h−1) were detected, and a photochemical box model was employed to evaluate the contribution of their atmospheric formation from the olefinic hydrocarbons propene and methacrolein in the gas phase. The measured concentrations could not explain the photochemical halogenation reaction, indicating a strong hitherto unknown source of haloacetones. Aqueous-phase reactions of haloacetones, investigated in the laboratory using humic acid in concentrated salt solutions, were identified as alternative formation pathway by liquid-phase reactions, acid catalyzed enolization of ketones, and subsequent halogenation. In order to verify this mechanism, we made measurements of the Henry’s law constants, rate constants for hydrolysis and nucleophilic exchange with chloride, UV-spectra and quantum yields for the photolysis of bromoacetone and 1,1-dibromoacetone in the aqueous phase. We suggest that heterogeneous processes induced by humic substances in the quasi-liquid layer of the salt crust, particle surfaces and the lake water are the predominating pathways for the formation of the observed haloacetones.
Unconventional superconductivity induced in Nb films by adsorbed chiral molecules
Creators: name: Alpern, H.
name: Katzir, E.
name: Yochelis, S.
name: Katz, N.
name: Paltiel, Y.
name: Millo, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent observations of chiral-induced magnetization and spin-selective transport we studied the effect of chiral molecules on conventional BCS superconductors. By applying scanning tunneling spectroscopy, we demonstrate that the singlet-pairing s-wave order parameter of Nb is significantly altered upon adsorption of chiral polyalanine alpha-helix molecules on its surface. The tunneling spectra exhibit zero-bias conductance peaks embedded inside gaps or gap-like features, suggesting the emergence of unconventional triplet-pairing components with either d-wave or p-wave symmetry, as corroborated by simulations. These results may open a way for realizing simple superconducting spintroinics devices.
description: 12 pages and 5 figures
title: ADCO, Deuxième cartulaire ou Grand cartulaire de l'abbaye de Molesme, Cart. 143 (7 H 7), 153 fol, f. 0002v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2009
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Deuxième cartulaire ou Grand cartulaire de l'abbaye de Molesme, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 143 (7 H 7), 153 fol, f. 0002v, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Deuxième cartulaire ou Grand cartulaire de l'abbaye de Molesme, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 143 (7 H 7), 153 fol, f. 0002v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Molesme
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q334044
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb137389344
A genetic-algorithm-based approach to the two-echelon capacitated vehicle routing problem with stochastic demands in logistics service
Creators: name: Kangzhou Wang
name: Shulin Lan
name: Yingxue Zhao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: This paper addresses the two-echelon capacitated vehicle routing problem (2E-CVRP) with stochastic demands (2E-CVRPSD) in city logistics. A stochastic program with recourse is used to describe the problem. This program aims to minimize the sum of the travel cost and the expected cost of recourse actions resulting from potential route failures. In a two-echelon distribution system, split deliveries are allowed at the first level but not at the second level, thereby increasing the difficulty of calculating the expected failure cost. Three types of routes with or without split deliveries are identified. Different methods are devised or adapted from the literature to compute the failure cost. A genetic-algorithm-based (GA) approach is proposed to solve the 2E-CVRPSD. A simple encoding and decoding scheme, a modified route copy crossover operator, and a satellite-selection-based mutation operator are devised in this approach. The numerical results show that for all instances, the expected cost of the best 2E-CVRPSD solution found by the proposed approach is not greater than that of the best-known 2E-CVRP solution with an average relative gap of 2.57%. Therefore, the GA-based approach can find high-quality solutions for the 2E-CVRPSD.
Godsdienstige participatie en etniciteit. Een onderzoek naar individuele determinanten en buurteffecten
Creators: name: Driessen, Geert
name: Van der Slik, Frans
Publisher: name: Mens & Maatschappij
Year: 2006

description: Religious participation and ethnicity. A study into individual and neighborhood effects

Although the Netherlands has known a large influx of non-Western immigrants and religions forfour decades now, hardly any research has been conducted into the relations between ethnicity andreligion. This article explores the relationship between ethnicity and attendance of religious services.Using data from the 1999 measurement round of the PRIMA cohort study, which includes informationon more than 10,000 parents, four hypotheses were tested, the secularization thesis, the deprivationthesis, the acculturation thesis, and the integration thesis. The results of the multilevel regressionanalyses show that the number of children in the home, voting behavior, doing volunteer work, andvisiting ‘high brow’ cultural events are the most important characteristics in explaining differences inattendance of religious services. In addition, it was found that high concentrations of members ofChristian churches or Muslims in one’s neighborhood affect individual church or mosque attendance.These effects are stronger for members of Protestant churches than for Catholics and Muslims.
Magnetic properties of ultra-thin 3d transition-metal binary alloys I: spin and orbital moments, anisotropy, and confirmation of Slater-Pauling behavior
Creators: name: Schoen, Martin A. W.
name: Lucassen, Juriaan
name: Nembach, Hans T.
name: Silva, T. J.
name: Koopmans, Bert
name: Back, Christian H.
name: Shaw, Justin M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure and static magnetic properties - saturation magnetization, perpendicular anisotropy, spectroscopic g-factor, and orbital magnetization - of thin-film 3d transition metal alloys are determined over the full range of alloy compositions via X-ray diffraction, magnetometry, and ferromagnetic resonance measurements. We determine the interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy by use of samples sets with varying thickness for specific alloy concentrations. The results agree with prior published data and theoretical predictions. They provide a comprehensive compilation of the magnetic properties of thin-film Ni-Co, Ni-Fe and Co-Fe alloys that goes well beyond the often-cited Slater-Pauling dependence of magnetic moment on alloy concentration.
Data_Boundary-Layer Meteorology (Guo et al., 2022)
Creators: name: Guo, Xiao–Feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 370199
subject: Atmospheric sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Please read "Readme_FYI.dat" prior to your use of our data, as are published in support of Figures 3b,c, 4b, 8, 9 & 10 of the following peer-reviewed article.
Reference 1 links to: Katabatic flow structures indicative of the flux dissimilarity for stable stratification
Reference 2 links to: Erratum to this article
Financial statement conformance to Benford's law and audit fees
Creators: name: Yin, Huan
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Auditors assure the fairness of financial statements for company stakeholders. Audit effort to minimise errors leads to higher audit fees. The reduced audit fees in the United States cause company stakeholders’ concern on audit quality. A reliable method used in other fields, Benford’s Law, may assist auditors to identify errors from data manipulation and accounting irregularities. This research investigates whether using Benford’s Law can reduce audit risk and improve audit outcomes, using a sample of U.S. companies between 2000 and 2014. I empirically examine whether the FSD_Score based on the Kolmogorov-Smirnoff statistic (maximum deviation between empirical digit distribution and Benford’s Law distribution) and the mean absolute deviation is an important determinant of audit fees. Validation tests are conducted to test the conformity with Benford’s Law in my samples. Audit fee models are used to investigate the association between FSD_Score and audit fees. Evidence from validation tests indicates that numbers in financial statements closely conform to Benford’s Law. I find a negative and significant association between FSD_Score and audit fees, inconsistent with the hypothesis that audit fees increase with FSD_Score because high FSD_Scores reflect high litigation risks. I also find that the association between FSD_Score is stronger in smaller firms than in larger firms. Results from audit fee models and additional tests suggest that FSD_Score can be used as a measure of audit quality instead of litigation risk.