cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The role of NF-κB p65 and Brd4 in oxidative stress driven inflammation
Creators: name: Khan, Younis
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is caused by prolonged cigarette smoke (CS) exposure. Increased oxidative stress produced by elevated oxidants, derived from cells and CS, or reduced anti-oxidant response is reported in COPD patients. Chronic inflammation is another key characteristic of COPD which persists long after smoking cessation. This suggests that oxidative stress may affect the course of inflammatory gene expression through changes in epigenetic modifications such as DNA and histone methylation and histone acetylation. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is one of many oxidants reported to be elevated in breath condensates of COPD patients and is associated with enhanced inflammation. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are frequently used in the management of inflammation in COPD patients; however, they provide little or no benefits to COPD patients. Understanding the mechanisms underlying this enhanced inflammatory drive and the lack of ICS response may provide novel potential therapeutic targets. Abnormal histone acetylation profiles have been linked to COPD and to relative steroid unresponsiveness. In mononuclear cells, BET bromodomain inhibitors can block acetylation-induced inflammatory responses. H2O2, an oxidant, was used to establish both an acute (2 hours) and a Chronic (low concentration exposure for 5, 10 and 15 days) oxidative stress model. In the acute model, H2O2 (100μM) enhanced TNF-α induced IL-6 and CXCL8 expression in BEAS-2B cells whereas H2O2 alone had no effect on inflammatory gene expression. This confirms that oxidative stress is involved in the enhanced induction of inflammation. Continued exposure of cells to lower concentrations of H2O2 (50μM) for 5 days results in a similar enhancement of TNF-α-induced IL-6 and CXCL8 expression but this effect was lost over 10 and 15 days due to induction of antioxidant genes. We extended the acute model with slight modification by using IL-1β instead of TNF-α as it gave us better IL-6 and CXCL8 induction. Intracellular studies showed that oxidative stress-driven cytokine induction is mediated via activation of the NF-κB pathway and increasing NF-κB p65 promoter binding. This was associated with increased histone H3 acetylation at κB response elements in both the IL-6 and IL-8 promoter regions. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays also confirmed recruitment of bromodomain protein 4 (Brd4) to the same sites. Inhibition of Brd4 by JQ1 and PFI-1 significantly reduced the expression of IL-6 and CXCL8 cytokines. H2O2 enhanced IL-1β-induced IL-6 and CXCL8 expression by activating the NF-κB pathway. The induction of these cytokines was reduced by the BET bromodomain inhibitors JQ1 and PFI1. Our findings demonstrate that bromodomain inhibitors could potentially be used as new therapeutic agents in inflammatory diseases whereas ICS are ineffective.
TRANSFERT_HROV cruise,L'Europe R/V
Creators: name: RAUGEL Ewen
Publisher: name: Sismer
Year: 2016

description: La campagne TRANSFERTHROV fait directement suite à la campagne CANHROV. Elle finalise la phase de validation du système HROV Ariane dans sa configuration exploration et prélèvement. Les objectifs de cette campagne sont les suivants : 1) Finalisation de la recette opérationnelle initiée lors des campagnes ESSHROV4 et CANHROV; 2) Poursuite de la formation de la future équipe opérationnelle.
TRANSEPLAT 1 cruise,Capricorne R/V
Creators: name: CASTAING Patrice
Publisher: name: Sismer
Year: 1980

description: Mesures de routine systématiques, température de surface isolée, salinité de surface isolée, transparence, température au fond isolée, salinité au fond isolée, prélèvements à la benne et au carottier fond meuble, sismique réflexion, photographie du fond, courantométrie.
Towards the total synthesis of lactonamycin
Creators: name: Jacques, Sylvain Michel Matthieu Arthur
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2011

description: The natural product lactonamycin (1) was isolated in Japan by Matsomoto et al.. Biological evaluation of lactonamycin (1) against Gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus showed significant levels of antimicrobial activity and it was especially active against clinically isolated-MRSA and - VRE. In addition to interesting biological properties, lactonamycin (1) possesses an intriguing molecular architecture (Figure 1). The novel, highly functionalized hexacyclic aglycone core, known as lactonamycinone (2) contains, in the western half, a highly-oxygenated fused perhydrofuranfuranone bicycle connected to a labile tertiary methoxy group, and in the eastern half, a naphtha[e]isoindole ring system. Adding to the structural complexity of lactonamycin (1), a 2,3,6- trideoxy sugar unit is connected to the core via a highly hindered tertiary glycosidic linkage. [Molecular structure diagrams appear here. To view, please open pdf attachment] Figure 1 - Structures of lactonamycin (1) and lactonamycinone (2). A key step in the current strategy is an electrodecarboxylation reaction to introduce the angular methoxy group. Various experiments towards this electrodecarboxylation reaction are described using simple model substrates. In particular, the synthesis of model system (3) and investigations towards ABCD tetracycle model system (4) are described alongside our efforts towards the synthesis of lactonamycin (1) (Figure 2). Finally, a new synthesis of known boronic ester 5 was investigated using the biomimetic resorcylate methodology developed in the group. [Molecular structure diagrams appear here. To view, please open pdf attachment] Figure 2 – Structures of carboxylic model system 3, ABCD tetracycle model system 4 and boronic ester 5.
Conus occidentalis Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Conidae
Conus
Conus occidentalis

description: Conus occidentalis [spec. nov.]
C. testa testacea albo maculata: fasciis quatuor flavis reticulatis cingulo articulato.
Rumph. mus. t. 34. f. D.
Habitat in O. Americae meridionalis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 714, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Spatial Heterogeneity, Scale, Data Character, and Sustainable Transport in the Big Data Era
Creators: name: Jiang, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In light of the emergence of big data, I have advocated and argued for a paradigm shift from Tobler's law to scaling law, from Euclidean geometry to fractal geometry, from Gaussian statistics to Paretian statistics, and - more importantly - from Descartes' mechanistic thinking to Alexander's organic thinking. Fractal geometry falls under the third definition of fractal - that is, a set or pattern is fractal if the scaling of far more small things than large ones recurs multiple times (Jiang and Yin 2014) - rather than under the second definition of fractal, which requires a power law between scales and details (Mandelbrot 1982). The new fractal geometry is more towards living geometry that "follows the rules, constraints, and contingent conditions that are, inevitably, encountered in the real world" (Alexander et al. 2012, p. 395), not only for understanding complexity, but also for creating complex or living structure (Alexander 2002-2005). This editorial attempts to clarify why the paradigm shift is essential and to elaborate on several concepts, including spatial heterogeneity (scaling law), scale (or the fourth meaning of scale), data character (in contrast to data quality), and sustainable transport in the big data era.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, International Journal of Geo-Information, 2018
TRANSEPLAT cruise,Le Noroit R/V
Creators: name: CASTAING Patrice
Publisher: name: Sismer
Year: 1983

description: Etude qualitative et quantitative du passage des suspensions du continent aux abysses, à partir des grands fleuves. Étude du transit des suspensions (nature et masses) de la Gironde et de la Loire dans le Golfe de Gascogne en période hivernale.
A Simple Quantum Computer
Creators: name: Chuang, I. L.
name: Yamamoto, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an implementation of a quantum computer to solve Deutsch's problem, which requires exponential time on a classical computer but only linear time with quantum parallelism. By using a dual-rail qubit representation as a simple form of error correction, our machine can tolerate some amount of decoherence and still give the correct result with high probability. The design which we employ also demonstrates a signature for quantum parallelism which unambiguously delineates the desired quantum behavior from the merely classical. The experimental demonstration of our proposal using quantum optical components calls for the development of several key technologies common to single photonics.
description: 8 pages RevTeX + 6 figures in postscript
Prevalence, pattern, and predictors of WPV against medical interns in Southwest Nigeria: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Aderinto, Nicholas
name: Olatunji, Gbolahan
name: Olaniyi, Peter
name: Afolabi, Samson
name: Ajagbe, Kamil
name: Yusuf, Ismaila Ajayi
name: Ojo, Deborah
name: Olatunji, Samuel
name: Awodun, Adedamola
name: Toritseju, Tsele
name: Olamide, Kadiri A.
name: Ijitade, Grace
name: Jegede, Oluwatosin Samson
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Workplace violence (WPV) is a significant occupational hazard threatening the safety and well-being of medical interns in Nigeria. Despite its critical impact, there is a notable research gap regarding the prevalence, patterns, and influencing factors of WPV among medical interns in Southwest Nigeria. This study aims to fill this gap by investigating these aspects. This cross-sectional study utilized online questionnaires to collect data from 379 medical interns at ten hospitals in Southwest Nigeria. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and logistic regression. The study found that 62.5% of medical interns had experienced WPV. Verbal abuse was the most common type of violence (63.3%), followed by threats (50.4%), physical assault (24.3%), verbal sexual harassment (13.2%), and physical sexual abuse (2.6%). The primary perpetrators were patients’ relatives (81.9%) and patients (61.2%). WPV predominantly occurred in the afternoon (68.8%) and in emergency rooms (70.5%). The primary triggers were long waiting times (64.6%) and unmet patient needs (54.9%). Female interns had higher odds of experiencing WPV, with an adjusted odds ratio of 3.01 (95% CI: 0.82–11.03, p = 0.01) than their male counterparts. WPV is prevalent among medical interns in Southwest Nigeria, with patients as the main perpetrators. Healthcare organizations must implement measures such as promoting a culture of respect, establishing zero-tolerance policies, training interns to recognize and address WPV, and providing support for victims.
Unravelling the proteome of chromatin bound RNA polymerase II using Proteome-ChIP in murine stem cells
Creators: name: Natarajan, Kedar Nath
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Regulation of gene expression is critical to govern distinct transcriptional programs for a cell type, lineage specification and developmental stage. Transcription is the first step in gene expression wherein RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII) transcribes protein-coding genes. Transcription is a highly coordinated process that involves a range of chromatin interactions including transcription machinery, chromatin remodellers and co-transcriptional RNA processing. Embryonic stem (ES) cells are pluripotent, self-renewing cells that can differentiate to give rise to all lineages making them an invaluable tool to study early development and in therapy. Genome-wide analysis in murine mES cells has identified 30% of known genes harbouring bivalent chromatin modifications along with repressive Polycomb complexes and a novel variant of RNAPII (modified as S5p+S7p-S2p-) with mechanistic implications in stem cell pluripotency, differentiation potential and lineage specification. To explore chromatin composition associated with different variants of RNAPII, I developed an unbiased method, ‘Proteome-ChIP’ (pChIP) wherein crosslinked chromatin is purified by immunoprecipitation followed by protein extraction and identification by Mass Spectrometry. Using an unbiased comprehensive experimental strategy and a novel systems biology approach, I qualitatively and quantitatively dissect the proteome composition and dependencies on RNAPII modifications during different stages of the transcription cycle. The work done in this thesis provides an invaluable resource of RNAPII chromatin interactions. We identify known and novel components of the co-transcriptional machinery, chromatin remodelling and RNA processing machinery. The work also uncovers novel processes associated with unusual RNAPII (S5p+S7p-S2p-) including DNA replication, Polycomb proteins and chromatin remodellers; many of these processes critical for stem cell viability and regulation. Extending the RNAPII-pChIP analysis on low complexity samples by Native-pChIP and Gradient-pChIP highlights the versatility of robustness of our method. The work described in this sheds light on regulatory chromatin processes specific to mES cells, which informs our understanding of stem cell biology and reprogramming.
CMB Radiation in the Direction of a Moving Cluster of Galaxies with Hot Gas: Relativistic Corrections
Creators: name: Sazonov, S. Y.
name: Sunyaev, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been recently realized (Rephaeli 1995) that the relativistic corrections to the spectral distortions of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) measured in the direction of clusters of galaxies containing hot gas are significant and should be detectable with the forthcoming experiments. In the present paper we calculate the correction terms that are proportional to $V_{r}/c\times kT_e/m_ec^2$ and $(V/c)^2$ to the standard formulae describing the spectral distortions caused by the bulk motion of the free electrons (kinematic effect) and due to the presence of the hot gas (thermal effect) for the case of a cluster having a peculiar velocity $V$ ($V_{r}$ is its radial component). The results of our analytical calculations are confirmed by Monte-Carlo simulations (Sazonov & Sunyaev 1998).
description: 14 pages, 2 PS-figures, AASTeX4.0
title: ADCO, Ordre cistercien et abbaye de Cîteaux : comptes pour l'ordre (1337-1347), comptes du boursier (1377-1402) (11 H 1160), f. 00138
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2017
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: comptes

description: Ordre cistercien et abbaye de Cîteaux : comptes pour l'ordre (1337-1347), comptes du boursier (1377-1402), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1160). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Ordre cistercien et abbaye de Cîteaux : comptes pour l'ordre (1337-1347), comptes du boursier (1377-1402), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1160), f. 00138, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi \[Ressource en ligne\], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Unconventional Superconductivity and Density Waves in Twisted Bilayer Graphene
Creators: name: Isobe, Hiroki
name: Yuan, Noah F. Q.
name: Fu, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study electronic ordering instabilities of twisted bilayer graphene with $n=2$ electrons per supercell, where correlated insulator state and superconductivity are recently observed. Motivated by the Fermi surface nesting and the proximity to Van Hove singularity, we introduce a hot-spot model to study the effect of various electron interactions systematically. Using renormalization group method, we find $d$/$p$-wave superconductivity and charge/spin density wave emerge as the two types of leading instabilities driven by Coulomb repulsion. The density wave state has a gapped energy spectrum at $n=2$ and yields a single doubly-degenerate pocket upon doping to $n>2$. The intertwinement of density wave and superconductivity and the quasiparticle spectrum in the density wave state are consistent with experimental observations.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures; updated discussion and analysis on density wave states
TRANSGIR cruise,Cote D'Aquitaine R/V
Creators: name: DAVID Valérie
name: SAUTOUR Benoit
Publisher: name: Sismer
Year: 2004

description: Caractérisation de la zonation berge à berge des organismes zooplanctoniques (copépodes et mysidacés) en fonction de la marée dans l'estuaire de la Gironde. Analyse de l'effet de cette zonation sur le comportement alimentaire des espèces. Cette campagne regroupe 3 sorties en mer du 29/4/04 au 3/5/04, du 28/6/04 au 2/7/04 et du 10/9/04 au 14/9/04.
Additional file 2 of Cell-free DNA analysis reveals POLR1D-mediated resistance to bevacizumab in colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Zhou, Qing
name: Perakis, Samantha
name: Ulz, Peter
name: Mohan, Sumitra
name: Riedl, Jakob
name: Talakic, Emina
name: Lax, Sigurd
name: TÃ¶tsch, Martin
name: Hoefler, Gerald
name: Bauernhofer, Thomas
name: Pichler, Martin
name: Gerger, Armin
name: Geigl, Jochen
name: Heitzer, Ellen
name: Speicher, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Identification of the 13q amplicon. Figure S2. Genome-wide SCNA plots of all 13q12 focal amplification patients and three CRC cell lines used in this study. Figure S3. Definition of the minimally 13q12 amplified region and identification of the potential driver genes. Figure S4. Expression analyses for identification of the potential driver gene in the 13q12.2 amplicon. Figure S5. Emergence of the 13q12 amplicon under bevacizumab treatment in patient C216. Figure S6. Alternating POLR1D and ERBB2 amplifications in serial plasma analyses of patient C129.
Conus betulinus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Conidae
Conus
Conus betulinus

description: Conus betulinus [spec. nov.]
C. testa basi subemarginata rugosa, spira planiuscula mucronata.
Gvalt. test. t. 21. f. B.
Habitat ..
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 715, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
The development and application of statistical models to detect outbreaks of infection in the healthcare setting using local and national surveillance systems
Creators: name: Freeman, Rachel
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Background: Surveillance has been described as an essential component of an effective infection prevention and control programme. With increasing concerns over the rising levels of antimicrobial resistance there has been emphasis on the requirement to improve infectious disease surveillance and outbreak detection. The availability of healthcare information in electronic formats provides an opportunity to perform surveillance and outbreak detection at the hospital level. Aim: To determine if data available from national and local microbiology surveillance systems can be utilised for outbreak detection of infectious diseases within the acute healthcare setting. Methods: A critical analysis of a national microbiological surveillance system is performed prior to the application of methods for automated outbreak detection. At the local level, an epidemiological analysis is performed to ascertain the levels of antimicrobial resistance and identify trends before carrying out outbreak detection for multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO). Several methods for outbreak detection are investigated, including exceedance detection algorithms, cumulative sum methods and variable life adjusted display charts. Results: Results from a comprehensive systematic review found that the employment of systems utilising electronic data sources for healthcare-associated infection surveillance is feasible. Evaluation of a national microbiological surveillance system identified several issues with using data reported through a voluntary system for outbreak detection at the hospital level. After identification of a hospital laboratory exhibiting consistent and timely reporting it became apparent that outbreak detection methods could be applied to data available through the national system. At the local level, MDRO were identified through the application of algorithms to electronically stored microbiology data. The selected outbreak detection methods were successfully applied to local level data, identifying several potential MDRO outbreak situations. Conclusions: This thesis demonstrates that there is potential for the implementation of automated systems for hospital level outbreak detection using both national and local microbiological data sources.
Additional file 1: of Current treatment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis in Ethiopia: an aggregated and individual patientsâ data analysis for outcome and effectiveness of the current regimens
Creators: name: Setegn Eshetie
name: Animut Alebel
name: Fasil Wagnew
name: Demeke Geremew
name: Alebachew Fasil
name: Sack, Ulrich
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Table S1. PRISMA 2009 checklist. (PDF 116 kb)
Conclusive experimental demonstration of one-way Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering
Creators: name: Tischler, Nora
name: Ghafari, Farzad
name: Baker, Travis J.
name: Slussarenko, Sergei
name: Patel, Raj B.
name: Weston, Morgan M.
name: Wollmann, Sabine
name: Shalm, Lynden K.
name: Verma, Varun B.
name: Nam, Sae Woo
name: Nguyen, H. Chau
name: Wiseman, Howard M.
name: Pryde, Geoff J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering is a quantum phenomenon wherein one party influences, or steers, the state of a distant party's particle beyond what could be achieved with a separable state, by making measurements on one half of an entangled state. This type of quantum nonlocality stands out through its asymmetric setting, and even allows for cases where one party can steer the other, but where the reverse is not true. A series of experiments have demonstrated one-way steering in the past, but all were based on significant limiting assumptions. These consisted either of restrictions on the type of allowed measurements, or of assumptions about the quantum state at hand, by mapping to a specific family of states and analysing the ideal target state rather than the real experimental state. Here, we present the first experimental demonstration of one-way steering free of such assumptions. We achieve this using a new sufficient condition for non-steerability, and, although not required by our analysis, using a novel source of extremely high-quality photonic Werner states.
description: Supplemental Material included in the document
A Universal Two--Bit Gate for Quantum Computation
Creators: name: Barenco, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove the existence of a class of two--input, two--output gates any one of which is universal for quantum computation. This is done by explicitly constructing the three--bit gate introduced by Deutsch [Proc.~R.~Soc.~London.~A {\bf 425}, 73 (1989)] as a network consisting of replicas of a single two--bit gate.
description: 3 pages, RevTeX, two figures in a uuencoded file
Regulation of metabolism and food intake by enteropancreatic hormones
Creators: name: Tan, Tricia
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Enteropancreatic hormones such as pancreatic polypeptide (PP), peptide YY (PYY) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are secreted post-prandially by the gut and the pancreas. They act to regulate metabolism and appetite. An understanding of the physiology of these hormones and how they can be delivered in a practical manner is required to allow their translation into clinical treatments for obesity and diabetes. Work in this thesis investigated the effect of subcutaneously injected PP in healthy human volunteers, and demonstrated a significant reduction in food intake. A novel peptidase resistant analogue of PP, PP 1420, was administered in combination with metformin to rodents. This combination reduced food intake and body weight additively, suggesting that the combination of PP 1420 and metformin may well be beneficial in patients with obesity and diabetes. A subsequent study of PP 1420 in human volunteers, in a first-in-man Phase 1 trial, confirmed that PP 1420 was safe, well tolerated and possessed an extended terminal elimination half-life compared to native PP. In this thesis, I also explored the physiological effects of gut hormone combinations. The administration of single gut hormones such as PP, PYY or GLP-1 can reduce food intake, but may cause side effects such as nausea. The combination of gut hormones offers the possibility of increased efficacy with fewer side effects, for example, PYY+GLP-1 in combination have previously been shown to possess additive effects on food intake. The effects of a PYY+GLP-1 combination on carbohydrate metabolism have not yet been investigated. Work in this thesis examined the effects of a PYY+GLP-1 combination intravenous infusion on insulin secretion and sensitivity in healthy volunteers. Administration of PYY alone did not significantly affect insulin secretion. PYY+GLP-1 in combination stimulated insulin secretion to a similar extent to GLP-1 alone. There were no significant acute effects of PYY, GLP-1 or PYY+GLP-1 on insulin sensitivity. These findings suggest that gut hormone analogues may represent safe, effective and practical treatments for obesity. Combination PYY+GLP-1 treatment may provide the metabolic benefits of bariatric surgery without the surgery itself.
Variation-aware high-level DSP circuit design optimisation framework for FPGAs
Creators: name: Policarpo Duarte, Rui
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: The constant technology shrinking and the increasing demand for systems that operate under different power profiles with the maximum performance, have motivated the work in this thesis. Modern design tools that target FPGA devices take a conservative approach in the estimation of the maximum performance that can be achieved by a design when it is placed on a device, accounting for any variability in the fabrication process of the device. The work presented here takes a new view on the performance improvement of DSP designs by pushing them into the error-prone regime, as defined by the synthesis tools, and by investigating methodologies that reduce the impact of timing errors at the output of the system. In this work two novel error reduction techniques are proposed to address this problem. One is based on reduced-precision redundancy and the other on an error optimisation framework that uses information from a prior characterisation of the device. The first one is a generic architecture that is appended to existing arithmetic operators. The second defines the high-level parameters of the algorithm without using extra resources. Both of these methods allow to achieve graceful degradation whilst variation increases. A comparison of the new methods is laid against the existing methodologies, and conclusions drawn on the tradeoffs between their cost, in terms of resources and errors, and their benefits in terms of throughput. In some cases it is possible to double the performance of the design while still producing valid results.
Hidden symmetries in mixmaster-type universe
Creators: name: Pavlov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model of multidimensional mixmaster-type vacuum universe is considered. It belongs to a class of pseudo-Euclidean chains characterized by root vectors. An algebraic approach of our investigation is founded on construction of Cartan matrix of the spacelike root vectors in Wheeler -- DeWitt space. Kac -- Moody algebras can be classified according to their Cartan matrix. By this way a hidden symmetry of the model considered is revealed. It is known, that gravitational models which demonstrate chaotic behavior are associated with hyperbolic Kac -- Moody algebras. The algebra considered in our paper is not hyperbolic. The square of Weyl vector is negative. The mixmaster-type universe is associated with a simply-laced Lorentzian Kac -- Moody algebra. Since the volume of the configuration space is infinite, the model is not chaotic.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, submitted to General Relativity and Gravitation 4 July 2017
Congestion avoidance in overlay networks through multipath routing
Creators: name: Faion, Victor
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Overlay networks relying on traditional multicast routing approaches use only a single path between a sender and a receiver. This path is selected based on latency, with the goal of achieving fast delivery. Content is routed through links with low latency, ignoring slower links of the network which remain unused. With the increasing size of content on the Internet, this leads to congestion, messages are dropped and have to be retransmitted. A multicast multipath congestion-avoidance routing scheme which uses multiple bottleneck-disjoint paths between senders and receivers was developed, as was a linear programming model of the network to distribute messages intelligently across these paths according to two goals: minimum network usage and load-balancing. The former aims to use as few links as possible to perform routing, while the latter spreads messages across as many links as possible, evenly distributing the traffic. Another technique, called message splitting, was also used. This allows nodes to send a single copy of a message with multiple receivers, which will then be duplicated by a node closer to the receivers and sent along separate paths only when required. The model considers all of the messages in the network and is a global optimisation. Nevertheless, it can be solved quickly for large networks and workloads, with the cost of routing remaining almost entirely the cost of finding multiple paths between senders and receivers. The Gurobi linear programming solver was used to find solutions to the model. This routing approach was implemented in the NS-3 network simulator. The work is presented as a messaging middleware scheme, which can be applied to any overlay messaging network.
Monte-Carlo Simulations of Star Clusters I. First Results
Creators: name: Giersz, Mirek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A revision of Stodolkiewicz's Monte-Carlo code is used to simulate evolution of star clusters. The new method treats each superstar as a single star and follows the evolution and motion of all individual stellar objects. The first calculations for isolated, equal-mass N-body systems with three-body energy generation according to Spitzer's formulae show good agreement with direct N-body calculations for N=2000, 4096 and 10000 particles. The density, velocity, mass distributions, energy generation, number of binaries etc. follow the N-body results. Only the number of escapers is slightly too high compared to N-body results and there is no level off anisotropy for advanced post-collapse evolution of Monte-Carlo models as is seen in N-body simulations for N < 2000. For simulations with N > 10000 gravothermal oscillations are clearly visible. The calculations of N=2000, 4096, 10000, 32000 and 100000 models take about 2, 6, 20, 130 and 2500 hours, respectively. The Monte-Carlo code is at least 10^5 times faster than the N-body one for N=32768 with special-purpose hardware (Makino 1996ab). Thus it becomes possible to run several different models to improve statistical quality of the data and run individual models with N as large as 100000. The Monte-Carlo scheme can be regarded as a method which lies in the middle between direct N-body and Fokker-Planck models and combines most advantages of both methods.
description: 11 pages, 8 PS-figures, To appear in MNRAS
Realism and Time Symmetry in Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Bläsi, Benedikt
name: Hardy, Lucien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a gedanken experiment with an interferometer in the case of pre- and postselection in two different time symmetric ways: We apply the ABL formalism and the de Broglie--Bohm model. Interpreting these descriptions ontologically, we get two very different concepts of reality. Finally, we discuss some problems implied by these concepts.
description: 14 pages, LaTeX, one section (sec. 4) added, to be published in Phys. Lett. A
Green's functions for higher order nonlinear equations
Creators: name: Frasca, Marco
name: Khurshudyan, Asatur Zh.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The well-known Green's function method has been recently generalized to nonlinear second order differential equations. In this paper we study possibilities of exact Green's function solutions of nonlinear differential equations of higher order. We show that, if the nonlinear term satisfies a generalized homogeneity property, then the nonlinear Green's function can be represented in terms of the homogeneous solution. Specific examples and a numerical error analysis support the advantage of the method. We show how, for the Bousinesq and Kortweg-de Vries equations, we are forced to introduce higher order Green functions to obtain the solution to the inhomogeneous equation. The method proves to work also in this case supporting our generalization that yields a closed form solution to a large class of nonlinear differential equations, providing also a formula easily amenable to numerical evaluation.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in International Journal of Modern Physics C
Efficient entanglement generation between exciton-polaritons using shortcuts to adiabaticity
Creators: name: Stefanatos, Dionisis
name: Paspalakis, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use shortcuts to adiabaticity, a method introduced to speed up adiabatic quantum dynamics, for the efficient generation of entanglement between exciton-polaritons in coupled semiconductor microcavities. A substantial improvement is achieved, compared to a recently proposed method which essentially enhances the nonlinearity of the system. Our method takes advantage of a time-dependent nonlinearity which can become larger than the Josephson coupling between the cavities, while the conventional method is restricted to a constant nonlinearity lower than the coupling. The suggested procedure is expected to find also application in other research areas in optics, where nonlinear interacting bosons are encountered.
MOESM1 of CRISPR-Cas genome engineering of esterase activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae steers aroma formation
Creators: name: Dank, Alexander
name: Smid, Eddy
name: Notebaart, Richard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. Media composition of synthetic complete.
Additional file 1: of Healthy diets ASAP â Australian Standardised Affordability and Pricing methods protocol
Creators: name: Lee, Amanda
name: Kane, Sarah
name: Meron Lewis
name: Good, Elizabeth
name: Pollard, Christina
name: Landrigan, Timothy
name: Dick, Mathew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Current (unhealthy) Diets: Mean daily intake of representative categories of foods and drinks for individuals (age/gender) comprising the reference household, and other common households. (DOCX 43 kb)
Interference management for Interference Channels: Performance improvement and lattice techniques
Creators: name: Estela Zamora, Maria Constanza
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: This thesis focuses on interference management methods for interference channels, in particular on interference alignment. The aim is to contribute to the understanding of issues such as the performance of the interference alignment scheme and lattice codes for interference channels. Interference alignment is studied from two perspectives. One is the signal space perspective where precoding methods are designed to align the interference in half of the received subspace. Cadambe and Jafar found precoding matrices to achieve the theoretical degrees of freedom. However, using an interference suppression technique over the Cadambe and Jafar scheme, yields poor performance. Thus, in this thesis precoding methods such as singular value decomposition and Tomlinson-Harashima precoding are proposed to improve performance. The second perspective is on the signal scale, where structured codes are used to align interference. For this, lattice codes are suitable. In this research, the problem was initially approached with a many-to-one interference channel. Using lattices, joint maximum-likelihood decoding of the desired signal and the sum of the interference signals is used, and the union bound of the error probability for user 1 is derived, in terms of the theta series. Later, a symmetric interference channel is studied. Jafar built a scheme for every level of interference, where interference was aligned and could be cancelled. In this thesis, Barnes-Wall lattices are used since they have a similar structure to the scheme proposed by Jafar, and it is shown to be possible to improve the performance of the technique using codes constructed with Barnes-Wall lattices. Finally, previous work has found the generalized degrees of freedom for a two-user symmetric interference channel using random codes. Here, we obtain the generalized degrees of freedom for that channel setting using lattice Gaussian distribution.
Reminiscences of Beatrice Seckler 1979
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Dancers
Modern dance

description: Member Humphrey/Weidman Company, 1935-1943: technique, audience reaction to modern dance performances, colleagues, experiences at Bennington Summer School of the Dance; impressions of Hanya Holm, John Martin, William Matons, George Bockman.
Conus ebraeus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Conidae
Conus
Conus ebraeus

description: Conus ebraeus [spec. nov.]
C. testa ovata alba: fasciis nigris ex maculis transversis.
Bonan. recr. 3. t. 122.
Rumph mus. t. 33. f. B B.
Gvalt. test. t. 25. f. T. Q.
Argenv. conch. t. 15. f. G.
Pet. gaz. 99. f. 12.
Habitat in India.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 715, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Discovery potential of stable and near-threshold doubly heavy tetraquarks at the LHC
Creators: name: Ali, Ahmed
name: Qin, Qin
name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the LHC discovery potential of the double-bottom tetraquarks $bb \bar u \bar d$, $bb \bar u \bar s$ and $bb \bar d \bar s$, the lightest of which having $J^P=1^+$, called $T^{\{bb\}}_{[\bar u \bar d]}$, $T^{\{bb\}}_{[\bar u \bar s]}$ and $T^{\{bb\}}_{[\bar d \bar s]}$, are expected to be stable against strong decays. Employing the Monte Carlo generators MadGraph5$\_$aMC@NLO and Pythia6, we simulate the process $pp\to \bar b b\bar b b$ and calculate the $b b$-diquark jet configurations, specified by the invariant mass interval $m_{bb} < M_{T^{\{bb\}}_{[\bar q \bar q']}} + ΔM$. Estimates of $ΔM$ from the measured product $σ(pp \to B_c^+ +X){\cal B}(B_c^+\to J/ψπ^+)$ are presented and used to to get the $b b$-diquark jet cross sections in double-bottom hadrons $σ(pp \to H_{\{bb\}} +X)$, where $H_{\{bb\}} $ represent tetraquarks and baryons. This is combined with the LHCb data on the fragmentation $b \to Λ_b$ and $b \to B$ to obtain $σ(pp\to T^{\{bb\}}_{[\bar u\bar d]} +X) = (2.4 ^{+0.9}_{-0.6})\ \text{nb} $, and about a half of this for the $T^{\{bb\}}_{[\bar{u}\bar{s}]}$ and $T^{\{bb\}}_{[\bar d \bar s]}$. We also present estimates of the production cross sections for the mixed bottom-charm tetraquarks, $bc \bar u \bar d$, $bc \bar u \bar s$ and $bc \bar d \bar s$, obtaining $σ(pp\to T^{[bc]}_{[\bar u \bar d]} +X)= (48^{+19}_{-12})\ {\rm nb}$, and the related ones having $T^{[bc]}_{[\bar u \bar s]}$ and $T^{[bc]}_{[\bar d \bar s]}$. They have excellent discovery potential at the LHC, as their branching ratios in various charge combinations of $BD_{(s)} (γ)$ are anticipated to be large.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures; v2: Revised to incorporate referee remarks, version accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
``Canonical'' Black Hole States in the Superluminal Source GRO J1655-40
Creators: name: Mendez, Mariano
name: Belloni, Tomaso
name: van der Klis, Michiel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze RXTE/PCA observations of the black hole candidate and galactic superluminal source GRO J1655-40 during its recent outburst. We show that during its decay to quiescence, GRO J1655-40 goes through the high, intermediate, and low state (and that at the beginning of its decay it might have even shown signatures of a very high state), just like other black hole candidates. This is the first time that such a transition is observed in a galactic superluminal source. We discuss what are the implications of these results on the hypothesis that the spin of the black hole in superluminal sources is much higher than in other black hole candidates.
description: To appear in ApJL. AAS LaTex v4.0 (9 pages, 2 ps-figures)
Additional file 3 of Cell-free DNA analysis reveals POLR1D-mediated resistance to bevacizumab in colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Zhou, Qing
name: Perakis, Samantha
name: Ulz, Peter
name: Mohan, Sumitra
name: Riedl, Jakob
name: Talakic, Emina
name: Lax, Sigurd
name: TÃ¶tsch, Martin
name: Hoefler, Gerald
name: Bauernhofer, Thomas
name: Pichler, Martin
name: Gerger, Armin
name: Geigl, Jochen
name: Heitzer, Ellen
name: Speicher, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Summary of genes differently expressed after POLR1D knockdown in both HT29 and SW480 cells and their expression levels in TCGA dataset. Table S2. Summary of all patient data for C216 and C129. Table S3. Summary of all the siRNA oligos.
Studies of drug-lipid interactions
Creators: name: Macey, Rosa
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Positron emission tomography (PET) is increasingly being used by the pharmaceutical industry in drug development. Drugs are designed to bind to a specific target, which is usually a membrane embedded receptor or an enzyme. PET is used to establish the utility of radiolabelled drugs and other radioligands in vivo before embarking on expensive clinical trials. In developing new PET radioligands, a common reason for candidate rejection is that the non-specific binding signal obscures the specific binding signal and, thus reduces the quality of the PET scan data. A high non-specific/specific binding ratio is a major reason for radiotracer failure and there is no completely satisfactory predictor of its magnitude. Non-specific binding is a poorly understood phenomenon but is believed to be related to the binding of labelled molecules to tissue membranes. A series of Spiperone analogues have been synthesised and tested in a variety of biophysical assays to increase the understanding of the molecular basis of drug-lipid interactions. Rapid cyclic voltammetry experiments were also performed to examine the interaction of drugs with a DOPC monolayer on a Pt/Hg electrode. The Spiperone analogues were tested in this system and the larger molecules were shown to have a larger interaction with the DOPC monolayer. A set of well characterised central nervous system drugs were also tested in this system and it was found that the strength of their interaction has a strong correlation with the measured in vivo non-specific binding. This technique could therefore be used to screen candidate drugs and radioligands to predict their non-specific binding. An assay that can select compounds that display the greatest likelihood of success would be extremely valuable due to the high cost and low-throughput nature of PET imaging.