cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
How Likely Is Speciation in Neutral Ecology?
Creators: name: Desjardins-Proulx, Philippe
name: Gravel, Dominique
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: The American Naturalist, Vol. 179, No. 1 (January 2012), pp. 137-144. DOI: 10.1086/663196. abstract: Patterns of biodiversity predicted by the neutral theory rely on a simple phenomenological model of speciation. To further investigate the effect of speciation on neutral biodiversity, we analyze a spatially explicit neutral model based on population genetics. We define the metacommunity as a system of populations exchanging migrants, and we use this framework to introduce speciation with little or no gene flow (allopatric and parapatric speciation). We find that with realistic mutation rates, our metacommunity model driven by neutral processes cannot support more than a few species. Adding natural selection in the population genetics of speciation increases the number of species in the metacommunity, but the level of diversity found in the Barro Colorado Island is difficult to reach.
Perinatal Database Registry chart abstraction validation report
Creators: name: MacIntyre, Elaina
name: Linnegar, Michelle
name: Lencar, Cornel
name: Brauer, Michael (Of University Of British Columbia)
name: Demers, Paul
name: Ostry, Aleck
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Part of the Border Air Quality Study is the linking of a birth cohort, consisting of all children born in the Georgia Air Basin of British Columbia during 1999-2002, with residential air pollution exposure histories beginning at conception. The goal of this study is to determine the impact of air pollution on various health outcomes (adverse birth outcomes, bronchiolitis, otitis media, bronchitis, and asthma) during prenatal and early childhood development. The birth cohort has been linked to the BC Perinatal Database Registry. This report describes a chart abstraction study, conducted at BC Women and Children’s Hospital, to determine the consistency of key information on maternal risk factor data and to asses the reliability of data coding from patient hospital charts and prenatal care into the perinatal database. BC Women and Children's Hospital was selected for the chart review because it has the largest number of births in the province (approximately 7,000/year).
Harro von Senger und Haiyan Hu-von Hinüber (Hg.): Der Weise geht leise. Im Gedenken an den Begründer der Freiburger Sinologie Professor Dr. Peter Greiner
Creators: name: Weyrauch, Thomas
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 156/157 (2020): ASIEN (Juli/Oktober)
Fan Chou 范疇: 2022 – 台灣最後的機會窗口[2022: Taiwans letzte Chance]
Creators: name: Busch, Peter
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 156/157 (2020): ASIEN (Juli/Oktober)
Using Surficial Geochemical Methods to Detect Anomalies of Ore Indicator Metals in a Peat Bog at McIlvenna Bay, Saskatchewan, Canada, as a Method for Blind VMS Deposit Exploration
Creators: name: Dunbar, Alyssa C.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Peat bog
subject: Mineral exploration
subject: Selective leach

description: Surficial geochemistry, particularly selective leach technology, has proven effective in revealing anomalous concentrations of ore indicator metals overlying zones of buried mineralization. This study focuses on the buried Zn-Cu-Au-Ag VMS deposit at McIlvenna Bay in the Flin Flon Greenstone Belt to determine whether the peat swamp at the surface contains any anomalies of ore indicator metals using simple surficial geochemical techniques. Three selective leaches were performed, ammonium acetate pH 5.0, hydroxylamine, and sodium pyrophosphate. The hydroxylamine leach, which selects for metals in the reducible phase often associated with Mn and Fe oxides, has the clearest anomaly for multiple metals observed simultaneously, at the greatest magnitude. The pyrophosphate leach, which selects for metals that are oxidizable, often associated with organics showed a clear anomaly only for Cu, despite the abundance of organic matter and its great affinity for binding metals, likely because the organic-metal complexes formed in this system are easily exchangeable and highly soluble, not allowing for the formation of clear anomalies. The use of selective leach technology on surficial soil or peat has shown to be effective for delineating ore indicator metal anomalies, giving surface projections of buried mineralization in various types of systems, as long as the dynamics of the system are well understood in order to determine the phase the metals are associated with.
Till Philip Koltermann: Der Untergang des Dritten Reiches im Spiegel der deutsch-japanischen Kulturbegegnung 1933–1945
Creators: name: Weyrauch, Thomas
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 156/157 (2020): ASIEN (Juli/Oktober)
Teiwes, Frederick C./Sun, Warren: Paradoxes of Post-Mao Rural Reform. Initial Steps Toward a New Chinese Countryside, 1976–1981
Creators: name: Wagner, Martin
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 156/157 (2020): ASIEN (Juli/Oktober)
Machine Translation and Translation Memory Systems: An Ethnographic Study of Translators’ Satisfaction
Creators: name: Mohammadi Dehcheshmeh, Maryam
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Machine Translation
Translation Memory
Translators' Satisfaction
Ethnographic Study

description: The translator’s workplace (TW) has undergone radical changes since microcomputers were introduced on the market and, as a result, digitization increased enormously. Existing translation-related technologies, such as machine translation (MT), were enhanced and others, such as translation memory (TM) systems, were developed. It is a noteworthy fact that implementing new translation-related technologies in the TW is done in various conditions according to specific goals that subsequently define new work conditions for translators. These new work conditions affect translators’ satisfaction with their job, and their satisfaction will influence career development and employee retention in the translation industry over the long term. In the past two decades, Language Service Providers (LSPs) have started integrating MT into TM systems to benefit from MT suggestions when TM is not helpful. Neither TM nor MT is unfamiliar to the translation industry, but the combination, i.e. TM+MT, is fairly new. So far, there have been few studies on translators’ satisfaction with TM+MT. This study consists of an ethnographic research project on seven translators in a Canada-based company where TM+MT is used. Observations, semi-structured interviews, and in-house document analysis have been used as data collection methods. The data obtained has been analyzed and discussed based on Rodríguez-Castro’s task satisfaction model (2011). This model addresses intrinsic and extrinsic sources of translators’ satisfaction with the activities they do in their job. Investigating the factors and variables of her model in the aforementioned company, I concluded that those sources of satisfaction cannot be considered separately from the job-context factors, such as the company’s policies in implementing TM+MT.
Venture Economics of Condensate Gas Field Development
Creators: name: Cho, Sam Jae
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1988
Subjects: Venture Economics
Economics
Condensate
Gas field
Energy price

description: Development of condensate gas fields requires an understanding of economics and engineering. Prices of oil and gas play a very important role in the economic recovery of any reservoir. The heuristics suggest that the probability of finding oil fields decreases while that of gas fields increases as drilling gets deeper. This research integrates a venture economics model with a reservoir production model for the evaluation of condensate gas fields. The developed model consists of: (1) a venture economics model for the field based on the Monte Carlo method of simulation, incorporating the Capital Asset Pricing Model and the empirical certainty equivalents (2) risk-sharing of the prospect based on its probability distribution and (3) a methodology to estimate interwell rock and fluid properties in order to guide management for better investment decisions by minimizing risk and uncertainty. The research presents an improved methodology for the evaluation and optimized development of often neglected reservoirs. In th~ past, most simulation studies have emphasized optimization of engineering parameters. Lower energy prices have made it imperative that optimization should be based on both economic and engineering parameters. This research may provide industry with a vital link between reservoir simulation and economic evaluation, specifically for condensate gas field development.
A NURBS based 3D object reconstruction using colour-coded structured light
Creators: name: Lavoie, Philippe
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Electronics and Electrical.

description: This thesis introduces a new robust and high precision methodology and corresponding techniques for reconstructing three-dimensional (3-D) views of real objects from one single two-dimensional (2-D) image. The reconstruction process relies on obtaining the two dimensional image of a real object from a camera, on which a colour coded structured light is projected. The method does not require any a-priori knowledge of the absolute positioning or orientation of the camera and the projector which illuminates the scene with the colour coded structured light. Prior to the 3-D reconstruction steps, a calibration process is used to provide a high precision calculation of both the camera's and the projector's intrinsic and extrinsic parameters. These parameters are essential to the 3-D object reconstruction technique as introduced in this thesis. The structured light is used to determine unique patterns on the object's surface. The lines provide a series of control points which once extracted from the object's 2-D view, are used in the creation of Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline (NURBS) curves in 2-D. Those NURBS curves are then projected into space to eventually re-create a 3-D surface. The technique's precision depends on the structured light sampling rate adaptation on the object surface. In a recent test, a 7 tau (thousands of an inch) precision was achieved with a relatively smooth object. The thesis will focus on the 3-D reconstruction of an object based on its single 2-D view. The approach proposed is end-to-end since it handles all the steps necessary to go from a 2-D view of an object to its modelization using NURBS curves and eventually to a surface in 3-D which can be manipulated with 3-D editing software on a computer monitor. The thesis's results are applicable to many domains. One of those domains is the CAD/SLA systems for manufacturing applications. Furthermore, NURBS surfaces can compress the 3-D image of a real object in a very efficient manner.
Evolutionary radiations in South African Proteaceae
Creators: name: Holsinger, Kent
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Botany

description: A funded (summer 2007) proposal to the National Science Foundation for analysis of one evolutionary radiation within the genus Protea.
Effect of structural porosity on the ablation of sea ice ridges
Creators: name: Amundrud, Trisha L.
name: Melling, Mumfrey
name: Ingram, R. Grant
name: Allen, Susan E.
Publisher: name: American Geophysical Union
Year: 2011

description: Observations reveal that the decrease in ice thickness through melting in summer is much more rapid for ridges than for surrounding level ice. A physical model that represents internal melting within ridge keels has been developed to explain this observed draft-dependent ablation for first-year pack ice in the Beaufort Sea. The porous structure of a ridge keel permits percolation of a substantial fraction of the oncoming oceanic flow, up to 20% for a feature with 30% porosity and 9-m draft. The percolating flow delivers oceanic heat to a large surface area deep within the keel and increases melt rates relative to surrounding level ice by a factor of 5 when seawater temperatures are 0.18 degrees above freezing. Melt rates are sensitive to the internal geometry of ridges through keel porosity and block dimensions, characteristics that vary widely between ridge features. However, the average rate of melting as a function of draft, calculated for a realistic population of keels with average cross-sectional shape and differing draft, has the same draft-dependence as the observations. This concurrence suggests that the process of internal melting may be dominant in the ablation of ridged ice. In addition, internal melting during the summer may well hasten structural consolidation of surviving ridge keels through freezing during the following winter. It appears that the evolution of the thickest ice within the Arctic ice pack is dependent on the small-scale structural characteristics of the ridged ice and its interaction with the upper layer of the ocean. An edited version of this paper was published by AGU. Copyright 2006 American Geophysical Union.
Analysis of Areal Permeability Variations - San Andres Formation (Guadalupian): Algerita Escarpment, Otero County, New Mexico
Creators: name: Kittridge, Mark Gerard
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1988
Subjects: Subsurface characterization
Permian
Permeability
Geos
Core data
Variograms

description: This paper presents the results of an integrated outcrop and subsurface characterization study conducted on the San Andres Formation of the Permian basin. More than 1600 permeability measurements were obtained from an outcrop section located along the Algerita Escarpment in southeastern New Mexico using an experimental mechanical field permeameter (MFP). Subsurface core data (permeability and porosity) were available from ten closely spaced wells in the Wasson field on the adjacent Northwest Shelf of the Permian basin. Standard population statistics, contour plots and vertical profiles, and geostatistical techniques were used in an attempt to characterize the extremely heterogeneous formation. The outcrop permeability data were found to be log-normally to power-normally distributed, with 12 of 16 data sets having a negative p value. Mean permeability and variance was lowest in the fusulinid dolowackestones, while the highest mean was found in the dolopackstones and dolograinstone intervals. Permeability contour maps of the outcrop grid data typically revealed isolated 'pods' of high permeability in a generally low permeability matrix. The vertical transect measured displayed rapidly varying permeability, with values changing over a very short interval. Geostatistical analysis with the variogram predicted three distinct correlation lengths: 40 feet, 3 to 5 feet, and approximtely 0.25 feet, depending on the spacing of the data used. Predicted correlation length decreased with a decrease in sample spacing. The correlation length was found to be invariant with respect to direction, indicating that the formation is isotropic. Subsurface permeability and porosity data were analyzed in a similar manner. The permeability data was found to be log-normally distributed while the porosity data was power normal. The associated variance on the core plug data was much larger than on the whole core data. Vertical permeability and porosity profiles were similar to that observed from the outcrop vertical transect: alternating high and low values occurring over a very short distance. Variograms indicated a correlation length of approximtely 10.0 feet (vertically) for both permeability and porosity.
Chemical composition and biological activities of the Algerian Cymbalaria muralis aerial parts
Creators: name: Cheriet, Thamere
name: Kherbache, Abdallah
name: Mancini, Ines
name: Seghiri, Ramdane
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: In the present study we report data about antioxidant (DPPH, β-Carotene, reducing power), anti-inflammatory (xylene-induced ear oedema in mice (76 ± 1.0%) and membrane stabilisation (100%)) and antimicrobial (Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923, Pseudomonas arugenosa ATCC27853 and Fusarium oxysporum ATCC62506) activities of the ethanolic extract from the Algerian Cymbalaria muralis P. Gaertn., B. Mey. & Scherb (CME). The LC-ESIMS analysis of CME chemical profile allowed to identify antirrhinoside (1), catalpol (2), linarioside (3), glucosyringic acid (4), angoroside C (5), apigenin 7-O-glucoside (6), acacetin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), apigenin (8), chrysoeriol 7-rutinoside (9), diosmin (10) and linarin (11). The evaluated total phenolic and flavonoid contents support the biological activities.
title: Digital image correlation techniques for motion analysis and biomechanical characterization of plants
Creators: name: Mylo, Max D.
name: Poppinga, Simon
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2024

description: Temporally and spatially complex 3D deformation processes appear in plants in a variety of ways and are difficult to quantify in detail by classical cinematographic methods. Furthermore, many biomechanical test methods, e.g. regarding compression or tension, result in quasi-2D deformations of the tested structure, which are very time-consuming to analyze manually regarding strain fields. In materials testing, the contact-free optical 2D- or 3D-digital image correlation method (2D/3D-DIC) is common practice for similar tasks, but is still rather seldom used in the fundamental biological sciences. The present review aims to highlight the possibilities of 2D/3D-DIC for the plant sciences. The equipment, software, and preparative prerequisites are introduced in detail and advantages and disadvantages are discussed. In addition to the analysis of wood and trees, where DIC has been used since the 1990s, this is demonstrated by numerous recent approaches in the contexts of parasite-host attachment, cactus joint biomechanics, fruit peel impact resistance, and slow as well as fast movement phenomena in cones and traps of carnivorous plants. Despite some technical and preparative efforts, DIC is a very powerful tool for full-field 2D/3D displacement and strain analyses of plant structures, which is suitable for numerous in-depth research questions in the fields of plant biomechanics and morphogenesis.
Marius Meinhof: Shopping in China. Dispositive konsumistischer Subjektivation im Alltagsleben chinesischer Studierender
Creators: name: Dederichs, Anno
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 156/157 (2020): ASIEN (Juli/Oktober)
Dimensions of Biodiversity: Parallel Evolutionary radiations in Protea and Pelargonium in the Greater Cape Floristic Region
Creators: name: Holsinger, Kent
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Botany

description: The text of a funded proposal in the National Science Foundation's Dimensions of Biodiversity program. PIs are Carl Schlichting, Cindi Jones, Carl Schlichting, and Kent Holsinger (University of Connecticut); Andrew Latimer (University of California - Davis); and Justin Borevitz. Funded in September 2010.
On the association of Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin in treating Covid-19 in Italy
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Drugs
Covid-19
Hydroxychloroquine
Azithromycin

description: A survey of news and literature about the association of two drugs, hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin, in treating Covid-19. In particular, news are focussing on Italy, with the aim of understanding how large is the use of this association of drugs in the country. The recommendations of AIFA are also reported.
description: See please the last version, where more links are given.
The role of prediction in social neuroscience
Creators: name: Brown, Elliot
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Theoretical Computer Science
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Behavioral Neuroscience
subject: Applied Computer Science

description: Research has shown that the brain is constantly making predictions about future events. Theories of prediction in perception, action and learning suggest that the brain serves to reduce the discrepancies between expectation and actual experience, i.e., by reducing the prediction error. Forward models of action and perception propose the generation of a predictive internal representation of the expected sensory outcome, which is matched to the actual sensory feedback. Shared neural representations have been found when experiencing one's own and observing other's actions, rewards, errors, and emotions such as fear and pain. These general principles of the “predictive brain” are well established and have already begun to be applied to social aspects of cognition. The application and relevance of these predictive principles to social cognition are discussed in this article. Evidence is presented to argue that simple non-social cognitive processes can be extended to explain complex cognitive processes required for social interaction, with common neural activity seen for both social and non-social cognitions. A number of studies are included which demonstrate that bottom-up sensory input and top-down expectancies can be modulated by social information. The concept of competing social forward models and a partially distinct category of social prediction errors are introduced. The evolutionary implications of a “social predictive brain” are also mentioned, along with the implications on psychopathology. The review presents a number of testable hypotheses and novel comparisons that aim to stimulate further discussion and integration between currently disparate fields of research, with regard to computational models, behavioral and neurophysiological data. This promotes a relatively new platform for inquiry in social neuroscience with implications in social learning, theory of mind, empathy, the evolution of the social brain, and potential strategies for treating social cognitive deficits.
 (Article -full free download: http://www.frontiersin.org/Human_Neuroscience/10.3389/fnhum.2012.00147/abstract)
Video transcoding techniques for wireless video communications
Creators: name: Lei, Zhijun
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Computer Science.

description: The transmission of compressed video over channels with different capacities may require a reduction in bit rate if the transmission channel has a lower capacity than the capacity required by the video bit-stream, or when the channel capacity is changing over time. The process of converting a compressed video format into another compressed format is known as transcoding. This thesis addresses the specific transcoding problem of dynamic bit-rate adaptation for transmission over low bandwidth wireless channels. Transmitting compressed video over lower bandwidth wireless channels require accurate and efficient rate-control schemes. In this thesis, we propose several techniques to improve transcoding performance. Based on our experimental results, we present an approximate linear bit allocation model and macroblock layer rate-control algorithm, which can achieve accurate transcoding bit-rate. By reusing useful statistics information from the incoming compressed video, the bit-rate of the transcoded video can be determined according to the video scene context. Considering a specific bursty error wireless channel, we propose a solution which combines video transcoding and an ARQ protocol to transmit compressed video over this channel. In order to make sure that the end decoder can decode and play the transcoded video within the required end-to-end delay, we analyze the rate and buffer constraints of the transcoder and derive the conditions that have to be met by the transcoder. In order to test the proposed solution, we use a statistical channel model to simulate the wireless channel and use this model and channel observation to estimate the effective channel bandwidth, which will be fed back to the transcoder for better rate control. In this thesis, we discuss two applications. For real time video communication over wireless channel, we propose an algorithm that determines the transcoding scaling factor considering end-to-end delay, buffer fullness and effective channel bandwidth. For pre-encoded video distribution over wireless channels, we propose an algorithm which can determine the transcoding bit budget based on end-to-end delay, effective bandwidth, and original video bit profile. The proposed algorithm outperforms H.263 TMN8 in terms of video quality and buffer behavior with the same computational requirements.
Silica-supported vanadium complexes: Structure, characterization and reactivity, especially towards olefins
Creators: name: Taha, Ziyad Ahmed
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chemistry, Inorganic.
subject: Chemistry, Organic.

description: This thesis is divided into four major parts. The first part describes a simple method to measure the content of reactive hydroxyls of various amorphous silicas before and after thermal treatment. The reaction of excess VOCl3 vapor with surface OH groups of partially dehydroxylated silica is rapid and quantitative. Regardless of the degree of dehydroxylation, the stoichiometry of the reaction is invariable, as demonstrated by 51V magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Using this method, we have quantified the reacive hydroxyls of fumed and precipitated silicas as a function of temperature. Non-porous Aerosil silicas have hydroxyl contents that decrease linearly with increasing temperature of thermal treatment. Porous Sylopol silicas have higher hydroxyl contents per unit surface area than Aerosil silicas treated at the same temperature. The second part deals with characterization of silica-supported vanadium complexes using XAS. A combination of X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and X-ray-absorption near edge structure (XANES) has been used to characterize the local structure around the vanadium metal center for a series of silica-supported vanadium complexes prepared at various temperatures and on different supports (Aerosil and Sylopol silicas). XAS spectra of all the materials were very similar. The local structure around vanadium was not affected by the thermal treatment and the kind of support. Vanadium has a formal oxidation state of +5 and pseudotetrahedral coordination geometry. The third part deals with the preparation and characterization of new vanadium-based Ziegler-Natta catalysts. The catalysts were prepared by sequential reaction of volatile VOCl3 and trimethylaluminum (TMA) with silica. They were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) and stoichiometric analysis. The interaction of TMA with silica/VOCl3 and silica/TMA/VOCl3 results in the grafting of two AI per original hydroxyl group with concomitant formation of two equiv. CH4. In contrast, the reaction of VOCl3 with silica/TMA results in the grafting of two V per original OH group with concomitant formation of two equiv. CH3Cl. The last part of this thesis describes the reaction of the new vanadium-based Ziegler-Natta catalysts with ethylene, propylene and ethylene-propylene mixture. Kinetics at the gas-solid interface were monitored by in situ IR spectroscopy. The reaction is first order in olefin and first-order in vanadium. Based on kinetics and isotope effects, a mechanism of migratory insertion of the olefin into a vanadium-carbon-alpha-bond (Cossee mechanism) is proposed for the propagation step.
title: Reactions of Aqueous Chlorine with Valine in Model Solutions and in Wastewater
Creators: name: McCormick, Erika Forrer
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1991

description: Solutions of the amino acid valine were chlorinated to seven chlorine-to-nitrogen mole (Cl/N) ratios and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The chlorination products found were N-chlorovaline, isobutyraldehyde, isobutyronitrile, and N-chloroisobutyraldimine. Their product distribution depends on the level of chlorination and pH. The main products identified at the lower CI/N mole ratios were N-chlorovaline and isobutyraldehyde, whereas at the higher CI/N mole ratios isobutyronitrile and N-chloroisobutyraldimine were identified as the main products. The concentration and the chlorination products of valine in municipal wastewater were also determined. The chlorination products of valine in wastewater were detected with the aid of a radiotracer and were found to be similar to those found in the model solutions. A scheme is proposed for the formation of the chlorination products of valine. At Cl/N mole ratios < 1, N-chlorovaline is the major by-product present in valine solutions 30 min after chlorination. At higher Cl/N mole ratios N-chloroisobutyraldimine and isobutyronitrile are the two major products of the chlorination of valine in both model solutions and in wastewaters. N-Chloroisobutyraldimine is stable in aqueous solutions with a half-life of 34 hrs.
BioExcel Webinar #24 - Perspective on the Martini Force Field
Creators: name: Marrink, Siewert-Jan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: webinar

description: Molecular dynamics simulations is a widely used computational tool to describe the collective motions of a system of interacting particles. Traditionally, every atom in the system is represented explicitly. Although such an all-atom approach provides high accuracy, it is computationally very expensive and therefore limited to small system sizes (e.g., a single protein) and short time scales (nanoseconds). To alleviate this problem, coarse-grained (CG) models have gained a lot of popularity in the field of molecular simulations lately. By uniting small groups of atoms into effective interaction sites (“beads”), the simulation costs are strongly reduced and the temporal evolution of much larger systems can be followed over much longer time scales. In our group, we developed the Martini force field, one of the most popular CG models currently available (1). The Martini force field is a generic model that can be used to simulate a wide range of molecules, from lipids, proteins, and nucleotides to synthetic polymers, nanoparticles, and drug like compounds. In this webinar I will explain in detail how the Martini model has been parameterized, and discuss the assumptions and limitations of the model. I will further illustrate the power of the model by providing a few in-depth examples of large-scale simulations. These include applications in the field of biomolecular processes, such as the exchange of electron carriers in photosystems embedded in the thylakoid membrane (2), and the lateral organization of lipids and proteins in complex plasma membrane models (3), as well as applications in the field of polymer chemistry, such as the rational design of bulk heterojunction morphologies for improved photovoltaics (4).
Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins and associated factors in pancreatic cancer
Creators: name: Bastien, Jacynthe
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biology, Molecular.
subject: Biology, Cell.
subject: Chemistry, Biochemistry.
subject: Health Sciences, Oncology.

description: Since the phenomenon was first identified, apoptosis has been proposed to serve as a barrier to the development of cancer in metazoans. Over the years, the inability to carry out apoptosis has been implicated in the initiation, formation and progression of tumors. Moreover, acquired resistance to apoptosis is now believed to represent a major obstacle to the successful application of oncotherapies. Caspases play a central role in the induction and execution of apoptosis. As such, their activity must be tightly regulated. To date, inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) are the only known intrinsic regulators of caspase function. The present study focused on the identification of molecular targets differentially expressed in normal and cancer cells that could serve to facilitate the rational design of anti-cancer therapies. We hypothesized that variations in the levels of key apoptotic regulators such as caspases, IAPs and their antagonists could conceivably contribute to the acknowledged resistance of pancreatic cancer cells to cytotoxic therapies. Our first specific aim was to derive an expression profile of apoptotic modulator/effector genes in pancreatic cancer cell lines. Our analysis uncovered a tendency towards up-regulation of IAP expression (namely cIAP-2) and down-regulation of pro-apoptotic factors such as caspases and the Xiap antagonist Xaf-1 in these cell lines. In particular, Xaf1 protein expression appeared to be completely repressed in neoplastic cell lines. Moreover, over-expression of one or more IAPs was observed in several solid malignancies. Lastly, while Xiap expression and subcellular localization were not altered in evolving intraductal lesions and pancreatic tumors, immunohistological surveys uncovered over-expression and nuclear redistribution of cIAP-1, cIAP-2 and survivin in pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Our second objective was to determine if differential expression of IAPs influenced the sensitivity of three human pancreatic cancer cell lines to drug-induced apoptosis. In vitro studies uncovered a good correlation between transcriptional up-regulation of IAPs, caspase-dependent cleavage of Xiap, activation of downstream effector caspase-3 and rapidity of onset of etoposide-induced apoptosis in these cell lines. In particular, endogenous levels of cIAP-2 mRNA appeared to be good predictors of etoposide-responsiveness. However, attempts at sensitizing pancreatic cancer cells to etoposide by down-modulating Xiap expression via over-expression of Xaf-1 or siRNA-mediated degradation of Xiap were unsuccessful. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
ОЦЕНКА СОЦИАЛЬНО-ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКИХ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ У БОЛЬНЫХ ИШЕМИЧЕСКОЙ БОЛЕЗНЬЮ КОРОНАРНЫХ АРТЕРИЙ В ФЕРГАНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Creators: name: Суяров, Ш.М.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В статье анализируется количественная корреляция между социально-демографическими факторами, такими как трудовой статус, возраст и семейное положение, и риском развития ишемической болезни сердца (ИБС). Исследования показывают, что статус работы, особенно высокий уровень стресса на рабочем месте, может быть связан с повышенным риском развития ИБС. Возраст является важным фактором, поскольку ИБС чаще всего диагностируется у пожилых людей. По данному показателю выявлена восходящая тенденция: риск развития ИБС увеличивается с возрастом. Семейное положение также влияет на заболеваемость ИБС. Устойчивое семейное положение может быть защитным фактором против ИБС благодаря сети социальной поддержки. Однако в случае несчастливого брака или отсутствия партнера риск развития ИБС может возрасти. Результаты этой статьи подтверждают необходимость учитывать социально-демографические факторы при определении стратегий профилактики и контроля ИБС.
Evaluating full-shift low back EMG and posture measurement for epidemiological studies
Creators: name: Trask, Catherine
name: Koehoorn, Mieke, 1966-
name: Village, Judy
name: Morrison, Jim
name: Teschke, Kay
name: Johnson, Peter
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Occupational exposures to risk factors for low back disorders have been assessed using job titles, self-assessment, observational methods and direct measures. Direct measures are generally recommended as more precise, but their use is limited in large studies. The purpose of this study was to explore the comparability of two direct measurement methods (electromyography and inclinometry) for continuous low back exposures and the ability to distinguish exposures among workers in different industries.
Supplementary Information - Design of a tunable bacterial gene expression system using engineered σ factors
Creators: name: Mahesh R, Sankar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310106
subject: Enzymes
classificationCode: 310112
subject: Structural biology (incl. macromolecular modelling)
classificationCode: 310113
subject: Synthetic biology

description: Extracytoplasmic Function  factors (ECF) selectively upregulate expression of specific genes in bacteria. These σ factors, belonging to the 70 family, are much smaller than the primary, housekeeping  factor with two helical domains that interact with the Pribnow box and the -35 element of the promoter DNA. Structural studies reveal that promoter specificity in a  factor is determined by the interactions between a loop (L3) and the Pribnow box element. Similarly, the efficiency of transcription initiation is governed by the polypeptide linker between the two promoter binding domains. Both these polypeptide segments are dynamic and poorly conserved amongst ECF  factor homologues. This feature hitherto limited insights from protein-DNA interactions to be correlated with transcription initiation efficiency. Here we describe an approach to characterize these features that govern the dynamic range of gene expression using chimeric E. coli σE. The L3 loop and linker polypeptides in these σE chimeras were replaced by the corresponding segments from ten annotated and functional M. tuberculosis ECF σ’s. In vitro and in vivo measurements to determine the effect of these polypeptide replacements provided an experimentally validated σE chimera- gene expression level dataset. We illustrate the utility of this chimeric σE library in improving the efficiency of a biosynthetic pathway in E. coli. In a two-enzyme step, unaffected by feedback inhibition and substrate concentration, we show an increase in desired product levels by altering the relative intracellular levels of the target enzymes using this library of  factors. The chimeric σE library thus demonstrates the feasibility of engineering  factors to achieve bespoke expression levels of target genes for diverse applications in synthetic microbiology.
Juvenile dispersal of Bonelli's eagle and Golden eagle in Spain
Creators: name: López-López, Pascual
name: Pavón, Diego
name: Urios, Vicente
name: Limiñana, Rubén
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology

description: Copyright: This paper was published in "El Serenet-Revista de la Societat Valenciana d'Ornitologia" (Journal of the Ornithological Society of Valencia, Spain). The full reference is: PAVÓN, D., LÓPEZ-LÓPEZ, P., LIMIÑANA, R., URIOS, V. 2010. Dispersión juvenil y reclutamiento a la fracción adulta en juveniles de Águila-azor perdicera (Aquila fasciata) y Águila real (Aquila chrysaetos). El Serenet 7: 19-28. 
The functional significance of cortical and adjacent amygdaloid sub-nuclei in the modulation of brain stimulation reward derived from the medial forebrain bundle
Creators: name: Miguelez, Maia
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Psychology, Physiological.

description: The primary objective of my thesis is to explore the involvement of the amygdala, a neural structure underlying emotion, in the circuit underlying motivated behaviour as modelled by brain stimulation reward (BSR). In the first experiment, the functional links between the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and the amygdala were assessed using the metabolic marker, cytochrome oxidase. Following lesions of LH sites that supported BSR, we obtained a significant reduction of oxidative metabolism in the cortical sub-nuclei of the amygdala, suggesting their involvement in modulating the reward signals elicited from the LH. In order to test this functional relationship further, we extended our exploration of this link to another reward site, the ventral tegmental area (VTA), on both hemispheres of the brain. Following lesions to the cortical nuclei of the amygdala, some animals exhibited significant and sustained decreases in the rewarding value of LH as well as of VTA stimulation. In addition, modifications in the rewarding value of the stimulation from the MFB site contralateral to the lesion resembled ipsilateral ones, suggesting the existence of interhemispheric links in amygdaloid alteration of MFB reward signals. The nature of interhemispheric connectivity as well as a more detailed investigation of the amygdaloid sites involved in the modulation of MFB reward were explored in the final study of the thesis. Thresholds for BSR obtained from a continuum of MFB sites were tracked following serial bilateral lesions to the amygdala. One group of animals showed marked increases in thresholds that further augmented or were maintained after the second lesion. Damage to the most anterior sites encompassing cortical amygdaloid nuclei were confirmed as being more efficient than other lesions in producing substantial threshold changes. Equally exceptional was the finding that contralateral lesions were more effective than ipsilateral ones in affecting thresholds, confirming our earlier finding of interhemispheric connectivity. This interpretation was corroborated in a metabolic sub-study using cytochrome oxidase. Reaction product density within lesion sites was significantly and negatively correlated with substantial decreases in reward from the MFB electrode contralateral to them. Taken together, these data indicate that the anterior portions of the amygdaloid cortical nuclei modulate MFB reward signals. Furthermore, a significant interhemispheric communication appears to occur between these sub-nuclei in the context of reward.
Modeling determinants of working exposures and exposure variability
Creators: name: Trask, Catherine
name: Koehoorn, Mieke, 1966-
name: Village, Judy
name: Teschke, Kay
name: Johnson, Peter W.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Work-related back injuries represent 25% of workplace injuries in British Columbia, and more than a quarter of all back strain claims are from employees in five high-risk industries: forestry, wood and paper products, construction, transportation, and warehousing. Epidemiological studies require data on physical exposures to risk factors from large numbers of individuals in order to observe exposure-response relationships and for the results to be representative and generalizable. Unfortunately, there is a tradeoff between precision and expense, with the most precise measurement methods being too expensive to use in large epidemiological studies. The overall goal of this study is to identify a suite of measurements that afford both precision and cost efficiency for large scale work-site studies of numerous physical exposures across diverse settings and occupations.
Survey and Analysis of Production Distributed Computing Infrastructures
Creators: name: Katz, Daniel S.
name: Weissman, Jon
name: Shantenu Jha
name: Rana, Omer
name: Parashar, Manish
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: Applied Computer Science

description: This report has two objectives. First, we describe a set of the production distributed infrastructures currently available, so that the reader has a basic understanding of them. This includes explaining why each infrastructure was created and made available and how it has succeeded and failed. The set is not complete, but we believe it is representative. Second, we describe the infrastructures in terms of their use, which is a combination of how they were designed to be used and how users have found ways to use them. Applications are often designed and created with specific infrastructures in mind, with both an appreciation of the existing capabilities provided by those infrastructures and an anticipation of their future capabilities. Here, the infrastructures we discuss were often designed and created with specific applications in mind, or at least specific types of applications. The reader should understand how the interplay between the infrastructure providers and the users leads to such usages, which we call usage modalities. These usage modalities are really abstractions that exist between the infrastructures and the applications; they influence the infrastructures by representing the applications, and they influence the ap- plications by representing the infrastructures.
Ausbildungsprofil von Ostasien-Managern: Anspruch und Wirklichkeit
Creators: name: Fischer, Doris
name: Klausen, Silke
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2021

description: --
description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 52 (1994): ASIEN (Juli)