cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The rigid Horowitz-Myers conjecture
Creators: name: Woolgar, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The "new positive energy conjecture" Horowitz and Myers (1999) probes a possible nonsupersymmetric AdS/CFT correspondence. We consider a version formulated for complete, asymptotically Poincaré-Einstein Riemannian metrics $(M,g)$ with bounded scalar curvature $R\ge -n(n-1)$. This version then asserts that any such $(M,g)$ must have mass not less than the mass $m_0$ of a metric $g_0$ induced on a time-symmetric slice of a certain AdS soliton spacetime. The conjecture remains unproved, having so far resisted standard techniques. Little is known other than that the conjecture is true for metrics which are sufficiently small perturbations of $g_0$. We pose another test for the conjecture. We assume its validity and attempt to prove as a corollary the corresponding scalar curvature rigidity statement, that $g_0$ is the unique asymptotically Poincaré-Einstein metric with mass $m=m_0$ obeying $R\ge -n(n-1)$. Were a second such metric $g_1$ not isometric to $g_0$ to exist, it then may well admit perturbations of lower mass, contradicting the assumed validity of the conjecture. We find that the minimum mass metric must be static Einstein, so the problem is reduced to that of static uniqueness. When $n=3$ the manifold is isometric to a time-symmetric slice of an AdS soliton spacetime, unless it has a non-compact horizon. En route we study the mass aspect, obtaining and generalizing known results. The mass aspect is (i) related to the holographic energy density, (ii) a weighted invariant under boundary conformal transformations when the bulk dimension is odd, and (iii) zero for negative Einstein manifolds with Einstein conformal boundary.
description: Statement and proof of Lemma 3.1 corrected, other minor changes
Toxic Metal Particulates in Chicago Air and in Mercury-Water-Organic Solutions
Creators: name: Cellini, Jillian
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: In this thesis, toxic metal particulates were analyzed in urban air and a model aqueous environment. In Chapter 2, particulates with diameters of >2.5 μm (large), ≤2.5 μm to >1.2 μm (medium), and ≤1.2 μm to >0.3 μm (small) were collected in Chicago summertime air from 2018-2021 and analyzed for toxic metals. Common particulate sources were iron and steel works, cement and construction/demolition, fireworks, road dust, coal burning, and nonferrous metal plating/processing. Sources shifted in importance from year to year. In Chapter 3, particulate-bound mercury (PBM) concentrations were examined over all seasons from 2018-2021 in the same three particle size fractions at the same UIC site. Local sources, such as ferrous and nonferrous metals processing, coal burning, cement production, construction/demolition, traffic, and gaseous elemental mercury oxidation as well as distant sources such as wildfires influenced PBM concentrations. These sources shift in importance with season and year. In Chapter 4, solid HgS products produced by the reaction of Hg(II) and a highly reactive organosulfur compound in the presence of ambient air at multiple combinations of pH and S:Hg ratios in aqueous solutions were speciated by HR-XANES spectroscopy and quantified by unconstrained linear least-squares fitting to reference spectra. Reaction products formed on the order of minutes and included metastable nanoparticulate and well-crystallized metacinnabar (β-HgS) as well as the stable cinnabar (α-HgS). The results of this dissertation may help inform decisions about public health and air quality in urban environments and help determine the fate and transport of toxic metals through the atmosphere and aquatic systems.
Untersuchung des elektronischen Oberflächenzustands von Ag-Inseln auf supraleitendem Niob(110)
Creators: name: Tomanic, Tihomir
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2012
Subjects: Rastertunnelmikroskopie
Oberflächenzustand
Supraleitung
Proximity Effekt
mechanische Verspannung

description: Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden Ag-Inseln auf supraleitendem Niob(110) mit Hilfe der Rastertunnelmikroskopie untersucht. Die Ag-Inseln weisen einen elektronischen Oberflächenzustand auf, welcher durch die mechanische Verspannung modifiziert wird und ein Abbilden der lokalen mechanischen Verspannung bzw. Dehnung auf Nanometerskala ermöglicht. Es wurde weiterhin untersucht, inwiefern das zweidimensionale Elektronengas supraleitende Eigenschaften aufgrund des Proximity-Effekts erhält.
Magnetic alignment of block copolymer microdomains by intrinsic chain anisotropy
Creators: name: Rokhlenko, Yekaterina
name: Zhang, Kai
name: Gopinadhan, Manesh
name: Larson, Steve R.
name: Majewski, Pawel W.
name: Yager, Kevin G.
name: Gopalan, Padma
name: O'Hern, Corey S.
name: Osuji, Chinedum O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the role of intrinsic chain susceptibility anisotropy in magnetic field directed self-assembly of a block copolymer using \textit{in situ} X-ray scattering. Alignment of a lamellar mesophase is observed on cooling across the disorder-order transition with the resulting orientational order inversely proportional to the cooling rate. We discuss the origin of the susceptibility anisotropy, $Δχ$, that drives alignment, and calculate its magnitude using coarse-grained molecular dynamics to sample conformations of surface-tethered chains, finding $Δχ\approx 2\times10^{-8}$. From field-dependent scattering data we estimate grains of $\approx1.2$ $μ$m are present during alignment. These results demonstrate that intrinsic anisotropy is sufficient to support strong field-induced mesophase alignment and suggest a versatile strategy for field control of orientational order in block copolymers.
Limitations to current methods to estimate cause of death: a validation study of a verbal autopsy model
Creators: name: Quintó, Llorenç
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Epidemiology
subject: International Public Health
subject: Community Health and Preventive Medicine

description: In this study we have analysed for the first time the validity of one of the most commonly used VA method, the InterVA, against the gold standard, the complete diagnostic autopsy, in a large series of autopsies carried out at a referral hospital in Maputo, Mozambique. The study findings show an overall poor agreement both at the individual and at the population level of the InterVA probabilistic model against the gold standard autopsy method. The low agreement of the InterVA model was seen across all age groups and conditions.
Probing exoplanet clouds with optical phase curves
Creators: name: Munoz, A. Garcia
name: Isaak, K. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kepler-7b is to date the only exoplanet for which clouds have been inferred from the optical phase curve -- from visible-wavelength whole-disk brightness measurements as a function of orbital phase. Added to this, the fact that the phase curve appears dominated by reflected starlight makes this close-in giant planet a unique study case. Here we investigate the information on coverage and optical properties of the planet clouds contained in the measured phase curve. We generate cloud maps of Kepler-7b and use a multiple-scattering approach to create synthetic phase curves, thus connecting postulated clouds with measurements. We show that optical phase curves can help constrain the composition and size of the cloud particles. Indeed, model fitting for Kepler-7b requires poorly absorbing particles that scatter with low-to-moderate anisotropic efficiency, conclusions consistent with condensates of silicates, perovskite, and silica of submicron radii. We also show that we are limited in our ability to pin down the extent and location of the clouds. These considerations are relevant to the interpretation of optical phase curves with general circulation models. Finally, we estimate that the spherical albedo of Kepler-7b over the Kepler passband is in the range 0.4--0.5.
description: Published, www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1509135112
Turbulent open channel flow, sediment erosion and sediment transport
Creators: name: Chan-Braun, Clemens
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2012
Subjects: turbulence
open channel flow
sediment transport
sediment erosion
CFD

description: This thesis aims to contribute to a better understanding of turbulent open channel flow, sediment erosion and sediment transport. The thesis provides an analysis of high-fidelity data from direct numerical simulation of (i) open channel flow over an array of fixed spheres, (ii) open channel flow with mobile eroding spheres, (iii) open channel flow with sediment transport of many mobile spheres. An immersed boundary method is used to resolve the finite-size particles.
On target: minority outreach strategies of the Let's Move! campaign
Creators: name: Gillam, Stephanie L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Obesity among adults and children is a growing concern in the United States. Launched in 2010, First Lady Michelle Obama's Let's Move! initiative aims to eradicate childhood obesity in a generation. This case study explores the campaign's communication tactics and strategies targeted to minority audiences. Research showed that the primary minority outreach tactics implemented thus far have been multimedia PSAs and the use of minority spokespersons. However, research also uncovered the apparent lack of a coordinated minority communication strategy. Recommendations are offered for the improvement of the campaign's minority outreach strategies going forward.
Large-scale Multi-item Auctions : Evidence from Multimedia-supported Experiments
Creators: name: Schweitzer, Sascha Michael
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2012
Subjects: multi-item auction experiments
emissions permits
spectrum rights
methodology of experimental economics
video instructions

description: This book presents two experimental studies that deal with the comparison of multi-item auction designs for two specific applications: the sale of 2.6 GHz radio spectrum rights in Europe, and the sale of emissions permits in Australia. In order to tackle the complexity of these experiments, a cognitively based toolkit is proposed, including modularized video instructions, comprehension tests, a learning platform, a graphical one-screen user interface, and comprehension-based group matching.
Experimental Investigations of Deformation Pathways in Nanowires
Creators: name: Sedlmayr, Andreas
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nanotechnology
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology
subject: Nanowires
subject: Size-Effect
subject: Scanning-Electron Microscopy
subject: mechanical Properties

description: This work deals with the experimental investigation of the mechanical properties of nanowires. Experiments are conducted in a dedicated system inside the electron microscope. The mechanical response of various material systems is probed, the underlying deformation mechanisms are elucidated and subsequently put into context with mechanical size effects.
Parafoveal degradation during reading reduces preview costs only when it is not perceptually distinct (VISDEG2 project)
Creators: name: Vasilev, Martin
name: Yates, Mark
name: Prueitt, Ethan
name: Slattery, Timothy
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: boundary paradigm
subject: eye-movements
subject: orthographic processing
subject: parafoveal processing
subject: phonological processing
subject: preview benefit
subject: reading
subject: visual degradation

description: Abstract: There is a growing understanding that the parafoveal preview effect during reading may represent a combination of preview benefits and preview costs due to interference from parafoveal masks. It has been suggested that visually degrading the parafoveal masks may reduce their costs, but adult readers were later shown to be highly sensitive to degraded display changes. Four experiments examined how preview benefits and preview costs are influenced by the perception of distinct parafoveal degradation at the target word location. Participants read sentences with four preview types (identity, orthographic, phonological, and letter mask preview) and two levels of visual degradation (0 vs 20%). The distinctiveness of the target word degradation was either eliminated by degrading all words in the sentence (Experiments 1a-2a) or remained present, as in previous research (Experiments 1b-2b). Degrading the letter masks resulted in a reduction in preview costs, but only when all words in the sentence were degraded. When degradation at the target word location was perceptually distinct, it induced costs of its own, even for orthographically and phonologically related previews. These results confirm previous reports that traditional parafoveal masks introduce preview costs that overestimate the size of the true benefit. However, they also show that parafoveal degradation has the unintended consequence of introducing additional costs when participants are aware of distinct degradation on the target word. Parafoveal degradation appears to be easily perceived and may temporarily orient attention away from the reading task, thus delaying word processing.
Motion Compensation for Near-Range Synthetic Aperture Radar Applications
Creators: name: Wu, Huaming
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2012
Subjects: synthetic aperture radar
motion compensation
inertial measurement unit
near-range application

description: The work focuses on the analysis of influences of motion errors on near-range SAR applications and design of specific motion measuring and compensation algorithms. First, a novel metric to determine the optimum antenna beamwidth is proposed. Then, a comprehensive investigation of influences of motion errors on the SAR image is provided. On this ground, new algorithms for motion measuring and compensation using low cost inertial measurement units (IMU) are developed and successfully demonstrated.
title: Valério Martins de Oliveira
Creators: name: Pinto, Sandra M. G.
Publisher: name: CHAM, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa
Year: 2019

description: Entrada biográfica sobre Valério Martins de Oliveira, na plataforma eViterbo
description: Sandra MG Pinto. Valério Martins de Oliveira in eViterbo. CHAM, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. eISBN: 978-989-8492-77-7
Untersuchungen zum MTO-Prozess an AlPO4-gebundenen ZSM-5-Extrudaten und Beschreibung der Reaktionskinetik
Creators: name: Menges, Markus
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2012
Subjects: MTO-Prozess
ZSM-5-Extrudate
AlPO4-Binder
Prozessstudie
Reaktionskinetik

description: Ziel dieser Arbeit war es ein formalkinetisches Reaktionsmodell für den MTO-Prozess an AlPO4-gebundenen ZSM-5-Extrudaten zu erstellen. Dazu wurde eine Prozessstudie unter typischen MTO-Prozessbedingungen durchgeführt sowie ausgewählte Olefine einzeln und zusammen mit Methanol zudosiert. Anhand der experimentellen Daten konnte ein geeignetes Reaktionsnetz abgeleitet und ein Modell der Reaktionskinetik entwickelt werden.
Gravitational wave memory in de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: Bieri, Lydia
name: Garfinkle, David
name: Yau, Shing-Tung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine gravitational wave memory in the case where sources and detector are in an expanding cosmology. For simplicity, we treat the case where the cosmology is de Sitter spacetime, and discuss the possibility of generalizing our results to the case of a more realistic cosmology. We find results very similar to those of gravitational wave memory in an asymptotically flat spacetime, but with the magnitude of the effect multiplied by a redshift factor.
The Brownian limit of separable permutations
Creators: name: Bassino, Frédérique
name: Bouvel, Mathilde
name: Féray, Valentin
name: Gerin, Lucas
name: Pierrot, Adeline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60C05 (primary), 05A05 (secondary)

description: We study random uniform permutations in an important class of pattern-avoiding permutations: the separable permutations. We describe the asymptotics of the number of occurrences of any fixed given pattern in such a random permutation in terms of the Brownian excursion. In the recent terminology of permutons, our work can be interpreted as the convergence of uniform random separable permutations towards a "Brownian separable permuton".
description: 45 pages, 14 figures, incorporating referee's suggestions
Automatisierte Wahl von Kommunikationsprotokollen für das heutige und zukünftige Internet
Creators: name: Völker, Lars
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2012
Subjects: Kommunikation
Protokolle
Internet
Wahl
Sicherheit

description: Das erfolgreiche Internet basiert auf einer großen Anzahl unterschiedlicher Kommunikationsprotokolle. Diese erfüllen wesentliche Aufgaben, wie Adressierung, Datentransport oder sichere Kommunikation. Wählt man die richtigen Protokolle aus, so können gewünschte Eigenschaften der Kommunikation erreicht werden. Die vorliegende Arbeit betrachtet die automatisierte Wahl von Kommunikationsprotokollen und die damit erreichbare Verbesserung von zum Beispiel Sicherheit.
Jet multiplicity in the proto-binary system NGC1333-IRAS4A. The detailed CALYPSO IRAM-PdBI view
Creators: name: Santangelo, G.
name: Codella, C.
name: Cabrit, S.
name: Maury, A. J.
name: Gueth, F.
name: Maret, S.
name: Lefloch, B.
name: Belloche, A.
name: André, Ph.
name: Hennebelle, P.
name: Anderl, S.
name: Podio, L.
name: Testi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Owing to the paucity of sub-arcsecond (sub)mm observations required to probe the innermost regions of newly forming protostars, several fundamental questions are still being debated, such as the existence and coevality of close multiple systems. We study the physical and chemical properties of the jets and protostellar sources in the NGC1333-IRAS4A proto-binary system using continuum emission and molecular tracers of shocked gas. We observed NGC1333-IRAS4A in the SiO(6-5), SO(6_5-5_4), and CO(2-1) lines and the continuum emission at 1.3, 1.4, and 3 mm using the IRAM Plateau de Bure Interferometer in the framework of the CALYPSO large program. We clearly disentangle for the first time the outflow emission from the two sources A1 and A2. The two protostellar jets have very different properties: the A1 jet is faster, has a short dynamical timescale (<10^3 yr), and is associated with H2 shocked emission, whereas the A2 jet, which dominates the large-scale emission, is associated with diffuse emission, bends, and emits at slower velocities. The observed bending of the A2 jet is consistent with the change of propagation direction observed at large scale and suggests jet precession on very short timescales (~200-600 yr). In addition, a chemically rich spectrum with emission from several COMs (e.g. HCOOH, CH3OCHO, CH3OCH3) is only detected towards A2. Finally, very high-velocity shocked emission (~50 km s^-1) is observed along the A1 jet. An LTE analysis shows that SiO, SO, and H2CO abundances in the gas phase are enhanced up to (3-4)x10^{-7}, (1.4-1.7)x10^{-6}, and (3-7.9)x10^{-7}, respectively. The intrinsic different properties of the jets and driving sources in NGC1333-IRAS4A suggest different evolutionary stages for the two protostars, with A1 being younger than A2, in a very early stage of star formation previous to the hot-corino phase.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Waveforms for the Massive MIMO Downlink: Amplifier Efficiency, Distortion and Performance
Creators: name: Mollén, Christopher
name: Larsson, Erik G.
name: Eriksson, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In massive MIMO, most precoders result in downlink signals that suffer from high PAR, independently of modulation order and whether single-carrier or OFDM transmission is used. The high PAR lowers the power efficiency of the base station amplifiers. To increase power efficiency, low-PAR precoders have been proposed. In this article, we compare different transmission schemes for massive MIMO in terms of the power consumed by the amplifiers. It is found that (i) OFDM and single-carrier transmission have the same performance over a hardened massive MIMO channel and (ii) when the higher amplifier power efficiency of low-PAR precoding is taken into account, conventional and low-PAR precoders lead to approximately the same power consumption. Since downlink signals with low PAR allow for simpler and cheaper hardware, than signals with high PAR, therefore, the results suggest that low-PAR precoding with either single-carrier or OFDM transmission should be used in a massive MIMO base station.
Exoplanet science with the LBTI: instrument status and plans
Creators: name: Defrère, D.
name: Hinz, P.
name: Skemer, A.
name: Bailey, V.
name: Downey, E.
name: Durney, O.
name: Eisner, J.
name: Hill, J. M.
name: Hoffmann, W. F.
name: Leisenring, J.
name: McMahon, T.
name: Montoya, M.
name: Spalding, E.
name: Stone, J.
name: Vaz, A.
name: Absil, O.
name: Esposito, S.
name: Kenworthy, M.
name: Mennesson, B.
name: Millan-Gabet, R.
name: Nelson, M.
name: Puglisi, A.
name: Skrutskie, M. F.
name: Wilson, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Large Binocular Telescope Interferometer (LBTI) is a strategic instrument of the LBT designed for high-sensitivity, high-contrast, and high-resolution infrared (1.5-13 $μ$m) imaging of nearby planetary systems. To carry out a wide range of high-spatial resolution observations, it can combine the two AO-corrected 8.4-m apertures of the LBT in various ways including direct (non-interferometric) imaging, coronagraphy (APP and AGPM), Fizeau imaging, non-redundant aperture masking, and nulling interferometry. It also has broadband, narrowband, and spectrally dispersed capabilities. In this paper, we review the performance of these modes in terms of exoplanet science capabilities and describe recent instrumental milestones such as first-light Fizeau images (with the angular resolution of an equivalent 22.8-m telescope) and deep interferometric nulling observations.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, Proc. SPIE
Modellbasierte und positionsgenaue Erkennung von Regentropfen in Bildfolgen zur Verbesserung von videobasierten Fahrerassistenzfunktionen
Creators: name: Roser, Martin
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2012
Subjects: Regentropfen
Strahlenverfolgung
Erkennung
Rekursive Zustandsschätzung

description: Witterungsbedingte Effekte, insbesondere Regentropfen auf der Windschutzscheibe, führen zu einer starken Beeinträchtigung gegenwärtiger videobasierter Fahrerassistenzfunktionen. In dieser Arbeit wird ein Verfahren zur Erkennung von Regentropfen auf der Windschutzscheibe vorgestellt, das auf einer physikalischen und signaltheoretischen Regentropfen-Modellierung sowie der Betrachtung des Bildentstehungsprozesses in realen optischen Systemen basiert.
Numerische Modellierung der induktiven Ein- und Zweifrequenzrandschichthärtung
Creators: name: Schwenk, Maximilian
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2012
Subjects: FEM
Induktionshärtung
Modellierung
Bauteileigenschaften
Numerische Modellierung
Induktionshärten
Materialmodellierung

description: Ein Prozessmodell zur Abbildung der induktiven Ein- und Zweifrequenzhärtung unter Berücksichtigung prozessspezifischer Aspekte wurde entwickelt. Am Beispiel des Werkstoffes 42CrMo4 im vergüteten Zustand kann gezeigt werden, dass Bauteilcharakteristika wie Eigenspannungs- und Härtetiefenverläufe gut wiedergegeben werden. Basierend auf der Modellierung kann gezeigt werden, dass die Abweichung der quantitativen Wiedergabe der Eigenspannungen auf der Unterschätzung der Umwandlungsplastizität beruht.
Methodik für Erfassung und Bewertung von emotionalem Kundenfeedback für variantenreiche virtuelle Produkte in immersiver Umgebung
Creators: name: Katicic, Jurica
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2013
Subjects: Virtuelle Produktentwicklung
emotionales Kundenfeedback
Virtuelle Realität
immersive Umgebung
Variantenauswahl
virtual product development
emotional customer feedback
Virtual Reality
immersive environment
variants selection

description: Diese Arbeit beschreibt eine Methodik zur kundenzentrierten Lösungsauswahl für zukünftige Produkte in der Konzeptphase anhand deren virtuellen Darstellung. Sie integriert die Technologie der Virtuellen Realität und die Emotionsforschung in die parallel verlaufenden und miteinander interagierenden Prozesse der Produktentwicklung und der Marktforschung, um die Gewinnung von relevantem emotionalem Kundenfeedback im Rahmen von interaktiven Produkterlebnissen zu ermöglichen.
Inference on gravitational waves from coalescences of stellar-mass compact objects and intermediate-mass black holes
Creators: name: Haster, Carl-Johan
name: Wang, Zhilu
name: Berry, Christopher P. L.
name: Stevenson, Simon
name: Veitch, John
name: Mandel, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves from coalescences of neutron stars or stellar-mass black holes into intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) of $\gtrsim 100$ solar masses represent one of the exciting possible sources for advanced gravitational-wave detectors. These sources can provide definitive evidence for the existence of IMBHs, probe globular-cluster dynamics, and potentially serve as tests of general relativity. We analyse the accuracy with which we can measure the masses and spins of the IMBH and its companion in intermediate-mass ratio coalescences. We find that we can identify an IMBH with a mass above $100 ~ M_\odot$ with $95\%$ confidence provided the massive body exceeds $130 ~ M_\odot$. For source masses above $\sim200 ~ M_\odot$, the best measured parameter is the frequency of the quasi-normal ringdown. Consequently, the total mass is measured better than the chirp mass for massive binaries, but the total mass is still partly degenerate with spin, which cannot be accurately measured. Low-frequency detector sensitivity is particularly important for massive sources, since sensitivity to the inspiral phase is critical for measuring the mass of the stellar-mass companion. We show that we can accurately infer source parameters for cosmologically redshifted signals by applying appropriate corrections. We investigate the impact of uncertainty in the model gravitational waveforms and conclude that our main results are likely robust to systematics.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
2022 Collaborative Midterm Survey
Creators: name: Barry, Colleen L.
name: Schuldt, Jonathon P.
name: Enns, Peter K.
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2023

description: Registered to vote (2); likelihood to vote (2); voting habits (1); interest in election (1); US House of Representatives vote (2); US Senate vote (2); election for governor (2); ballot initiatives (18); trust in election outcomes (2); pro-social actions related to partisanship (4); conservatism (4); 2024 presidential election (2); 2020 presidential election vote (2); 2018 election (1); Congress job approval (1); President Joe Biden job approval (1); direction of country (1); direction of state (1); trust in local government (1); paid family leave (1); income tax on millionaires (1); background checks for gun purchases (1); ratings of US political system (1); voter ID laws (1); allowing convicted felons who have completed their sentence to vote (1); government regulation of businesses that produce a great deal of greenhouse gases (1); partisanship of parents (2); ratings of various groups and institutions (21); economic situation (1); inflation (1); good or bad time to invest in stock market (1); abortion (2); immigration (1); views on gender (1); importance of racial identity (2); democracy vs. authoritarianism (8); feeling of safety with police (1); attitudes toward race/ethnicity (12); personal health (4); volunteer activities (1); online purchases (1); discussion of politics/current events with family members/friends (1); internet use (1); social media use (1); sources of political and election news (5); trust in various groups and institutions (12); voting in primary election (1); vaccines (2); human contribution to climate change (1); frequency of television viewership (1); attachment to community (1); hearing more news about local, state, or federal government (1); more access to local, state, or federal government (1); ranked choice voting (1); attitudes toward Independents (6); things that affect health (14); voting for candidates due to their position on health issues (4); government power/responsibility (5); in-group vs. out-group (8).
A GPU-based Large-scale Monte Carlo Simulation Method for Systems with Long-range Interactions
Creators: name: Liang, Yihao
name: Xing, Xiangjun
name: Li, Yaohang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present an efficient implementation of Canonical Monte Carlo simulation for Coulomb many body systems on graphics processing units (GPU). Our method takes advantage of the GPU Single Instruction, Multiple Data (SIMD) architectures. It adopts the sequential updating scheme of Metropolis algorithm, and makes no approximation in the computation of energy. It reaches a remarkable 440-fold speedup, compared with the serial implementation on CPU. We use this method to simulate primitive model electrolytes. We measure very precisely all ion-ion pair correlation functions at high concentrations, and extract renormalized Debye length, renormalized valences of constituent ions, and renormalized dielectric constants. These results demonstrate unequivocally physics beyond the classical Poisson-Boltzmann theory.
Collaborative Research. RCR Summer Seminar Series.
Creators: name: Strekalova, Yulia A. Levites
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: teamwork, collaborative research, responsible conduct of research, conflict management strategies, team culture

description: This presentation is part of the UF Research 2022 RCR Summer Seminar Series at the University of Florida. The Collaborative Research is an interactive presentation that explains the concepts of teams in science, group work vs teamwork, teamwork and task work, how to improve teamwork, conflict management strategies, and team culture.
description: The 2022 RCR Summer Seminar Series was supported by Award No. ORIIR210068 from the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Health (OASH). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of OASH.
Maximum privacy without coherence, zero-error
Creators: name: Leung, Debbie
name: Yu, Nengkun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possible difference between the quantum and the private capacities of a quantum channel in the zero-error setting. For a family of channels introduced by arXiv:1312.4989, we demonstrate an extreme difference: the zero-error quantum capacity is zero, whereas the zero-error private capacity is maximum given the quantum output dimension.
description: 12 pages
The role of Plasmodium V-ATPase in vacuolar physiology and antimalarial drug uptake.
Creators: name: Alder, Arne
name: Sanchez, Cecilia P
name: Russell, Matthew RG
name: Collinson, Lucy M
name: Lanzer, Michael
name: Blackman, Michael J
name: Gilberger, Tim-Wolf
name: Matz, Joachim M
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Model organisms
subject: Biochemistry & Proteomics
subject: Imaging
subject: Structural Biology & Biophysics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Infectious Disease
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: To ensure their survival in the human bloodstream, malaria parasites degrade up to 80% of the host erythrocyte hemoglobin in an acidified digestive vacuole. Here, we combine conditional reverse genetics and quantitative imaging approaches to demonstrate that the human malaria pathogen Plasmodium falciparum employs a heteromultimeric V-ATPase complex to acidify the digestive vacuole matrix, which is essential for intravacuolar hemoglobin release, heme detoxification, and parasite survival. We reveal an additional function of the membrane-embedded V-ATPase subunits in regulating morphogenesis of the digestive vacuole independent of proton translocation. We further show that intravacuolar accumulation of antimalarial chemotherapeutics is surprisingly resilient to severe deacidification of the vacuole and that modulation of V-ATPase activity does not affect parasite sensitivity toward these drugs.
Introduction to Research Misconduct. RCR Summer Seminar Series.
Creators: name: Farley, Cassandra
name: Moore, Amber
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: research misconduct, research integrity, allegations of misconduct

description: This presentation is part of the UF Research 2022 RCR Summer Seminar Series at the University of Florida. Introduction to Research Misconduct is an interactive presentation that explains what defines research misconduct on federal and institutional levels, including rules and regulations, identifies the concepts of research integrity, allegation review processes, research integrity deviations, and analysis of several case studies.
description: The 2022 RCR Summer Seminar Series was supported by Award No. ORIIR210068 from the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Health (OASH). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of OASH.
Learning Dynamic Systems for Intention Recognition in Human-Robot-Cooperation
Creators: name: Krauthausen, Peter
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2013
Subjects: Human-Robot-Cooperation
Dynamic Systems
Intention Recognition
(Conditional) Density Estimation
Regularization

description: This thesis is concerned with intention recognition for a humanoid robot and investigates how the challenges of uncertain and incomplete observations, a high degree of detail of the used models, and real-time inference may be addressed by modeling the human rationale as hybrid, dynamic Bayesian networks and performing inference with these models. The key focus lies on the automatic identification of the employed nonlinear stochastic dependencies and the situation-specific inference.
Torsion in the homology of Milnor fibers of hyperplane arrangements
Creators: name: Denham, Graham
name: Suciu, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32S55, 55N25, 32S22, 57M10, 18D50

description: As is well-known, the homology groups of the complement of a complex hyperplane arrangement are torsion-free. Nevertheless, as we showed in a recent paper [arXiv:1209.3414] the homology groups of the Milnor fiber of such an arrangement can have non-trivial integer torsion. We give here a brief account of the techniques that go into proving this result, outline some of its applications, and indicate some further questions that it brings to light.
description: To appear in Combinatorial Methods in Topology and Algebra, Springer INdAM Series, vol. 12, 2015. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1209.3414
Digitale Wissenschaft - Stand und Entwicklung digital vernetzter Forschung in Deutschland; 2th ed.
Creators: name: Schomburg, Silke
name: Leggewie, Claus
name: Lobin, Henning
name: Puschmann, Cornelius
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2010

description: Digitale Wissenschaft, Köln, Germany, 20 Sep 2010 - 21 Sep 2010; Köln : Hochschulbibliothekszentrum des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen (hbz), Marketing (2010).
description: Das erarbeitete Perspektivpapier“ stellt für das hbz den Einstieg in die Diskussion über die Hauptfelder unserer zukünftigen Produkte und Dienstleistungen dar. Die Konferenz bietet dem hbz und allen an ihr Beteiligten – seien es Vortragende oder Besucher – die Möglichkeit, aktiv an der Diskussion um die „Digitale Wissenschaft“ mitzuwirken.
description: Published by Hochschulbibliothekszentrum des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen (hbz), Marketing, Köln
Plagiarism: Pitfalls & Prevention. RCR Summer Seminar Series.
Creators: name: Leonard, Michelle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: plagiarism, research misconduct

description: This presentation is part of the UF Research 2022 RCR Summer Seminar Series at the University of Florida. Plagiarism: Pitfalls & Prevention is an interactive presentation that explains the types of plagiarism in scholarly activities, possible reasons why plagiarism occurs, analyses of plagiarism using case studies, evaluation of consequences of plagiarism, and best practices to avoid plagiarism.
description: The 2022 RCR Summer Seminar Series was supported by Award No. ORIIR210068 from the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Health (OASH). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of OASH.
Investigation of Fretting Wear of Cladding Materials in Liquid Lead
Creators: name: Del Giacco, Mattia
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2013
Subjects: Fretting
Lead cooled reactor
corrosion
surface aluminizing
wear

description: One promising concept for future nuclear reactors uses liquid metals like Pb as reactor coolant. In this work, fretting of fuel clad materials is investigated in Pb environment at relevant operating conditions. A novel test apparatus is presented that allows fretting tests in liquid lead with high accuracy and reproducibility also during long term tests. Tolerable operating conditions concerning fretting wear by evaluating the specific wear coefficient and the concept of fretting maps are given.
Evidence for high-energy and low-emittance electron beams using ionization injection of charge in a plasma wakefield accelerator
Creators: name: Vafaei-Najafabadi, N.
name: An, W.
name: Clayton, C. E.
name: Joshi, C.
name: Marsh, K. A.
name: Mori, W. B.
name: Welch, E. C.
name: Lu, W.
name: Adli, E.
name: Allen, J.
name: Clarke, C. I.
name: Corde, S.
name: Frederico, J.
name: Gessner, S. J.
name: Green, S. Z.
name: Hogan, M. J.
name: Litos, M. D.
name: Yakimenko, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ionization injection in a plasma wakefield accelerator was investigated experimentally using two lithium plasma sources of different lengths. The ionization of the helium gas, used to confine the lithium, injects electrons in the wake. After acceleration, these injected electrons were observed as a distinct group from the drive beam on the energy spectrometer. They typically have a charge of tens of pC, an energy spread of a few GeV, and a maximum energy of up to 30 GeV. The emittance of this group of electrons can be many times smaller than the initial emittance of the drive beam. The energy scaling for the trapped charge from one plasma length to the other is consistent with the blowout theory of the plasma wakefield.
Comparison of Cervical Vertebrae Maturation Stage using Lateral Cephalometric Radiography versus Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: A Retrospective Study
Creators: name: Wilson, Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Introduction:  The Cervical Vertebrae Maturation(CVM) method has been proposed by Baccetti et al to be a useful technique in assessing skeletal maturity that does not require any additional radiation exposure to the patient other than the standard two-dimensional(2D) lateral cephalograph.  Several studies have called into question the accuracy of this method.  We explored the use of 3D imaging to assess if reliability is improved across examiners compared to the use of traditional 2D images with the implication that increased reliability might improve the timing of treatment with growth modification, and lead to an improved treatment response.  Methods: A sample of 25 previously treated orthodontic patients in the UNC Graduate Orthodontic Clinic were included. De-identified 2D cephalographs and 3D models of the patients' cervical vertebrae were evaluated by research personnel who are trained in using the CVM technique.  Using an electronic survey, dental professionals used the CVM method to evaluate de-identified 2D images and 3D models and results were compared to a silver standard CVM stage.  Radiographs were also manipulated to simulate sagittal head roll and evaluated by examiners to quantify its effect on CVM technique. Results:  There was a statistically significant difference in accuracy of the CVM technique when using 2D image vs 3D models (p= <0.0001).  There was no significant difference in CVM technique accuracy with head roll of 10 degrees (p=0.89) or 20 degrees(p=0.80).  Intra-rater reproducibility weighted kappa coefficients ranged from 0.50-0.78 in the 2D view, and 0.50-.76 in the 3D view. Conclusion:  The use of the CVM technique with 3D models of the cervical vertebrae to assess skeletal maturity appears to be less accurate when compared to the traditional 2D lateral cephalograph, and thus may not be advantageous to utilize in patient evaluation.  Patient head tilt of up to 20 degrees in the coronal plane does not affect CVM staging accuracy.
On algebraic integers in short intervals and near smooth curves
Creators: name: Götze, Friedrich
name: Gusakova, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In 1970 A. Baker and W. Schmidt introduced regular systems of numbers and vectors, showing that the set of real algebraic numbers forms a regular system on any fixed interval. This fact was used to prove several important results in the metric theory of transcendental numbers. In this paper the concept of a regular system is applied to the set of algebraic integers $α$ of height $\leq Q$ in intervals of length depending on $Q$.
Measurements of charged particle spectra and nuclear modification factor in p+Pb collisions with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: Balek, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ATLAS detector at the LHC obtained the sample of p+Pb data at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}={}$5.02TeV with integrated luminosity of 25nb${}^{-1}$, which can be compared to the pp data obtained by interpolating pp measurements at $\sqrt{s}={}$2.76TeV and 7TeV. Due to the excellent capabilities of the ATLAS detector, and its stable operation in heavy ion as well as proton-proton physics runs, the data allow measurements of the nuclear modification factor, ratio of heavy ion charged particle spectra divided by pp reference, in different centrality classes over a wide range of rapidity. The charged particle nuclear modification factor is found to vary significantly as a function of transverse momentum with a stronger dependence in more peripheral collisions.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, presented at Quark Matter 2014
Ethics of Authorship. RCR Summer Seminar Series.
Creators: name: Stapleton, Suzanne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ethics of Authorship, Authorship best practices, types of authorship, authorship definitions

description: This presentation is part of the UF Research 2022 RCR Summer Seminar Series at the University of Florida. The Ethics of Authorship is an interactive presentation that explains what merits authorship, defines types of authorship, provides resources for guidance, and suggests best practices.
description: The 2022 RCR Summer Seminar Series was supported by Award No. ORIIR210068 from the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Health (OASH). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of OASH.
Multiphase Allen-Cahn and Cahn-Hilliard Models and Their Discretizations with the Effect of Pairwise Surface Tensions
Creators: name: Wu, Shuonan
name: Xu, Jinchao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, the mathematical properties and numerical discretizations of multiphase models that simulate the phase separation of an $N$-component mixture are studied. For the general choice of phase variables, the unisolvent property of the coefficient matrix involved in the $N$-phase models based on the pairwise surface tensions is established. Moreover, the symmetric positive-definite property of the coefficient matrix on an $(N-1)$-dimensional hyperplane --- which is of fundamental importance to the well-posedness of the models --- can be proved equivalent to some physical condition for pairwise surface tensions. The $N$-phase Allen-Cahn and $N$-phase Cahn-Hilliard equations can then be derived from the free-energy functional. A natural property is that the resulting dynamics of concentrations are independent of phase variables chosen. Finite element discretizations for $N$-phase models can be obtained as a natural extension of the existing discretizations for the two-phase model. The discrete energy law of the numerical schemes can be proved and numerically observed under some restrictions pertaining to time step size. Numerical experiments including the spinodal decomposition and the evolution of triple junctions are described in order to investigate the effect of pairwise surface tensions.
description: 31 pages
Comparative Study of Special Education Eligibility for Children with Autism in Four Countries
Creators: name: Kim, Hae-Young, II
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2010

description: Increases in the prevalence of autism spectrum disorders have raised global concerns, and the education of children with autism has been the focus of clinicians, educators, and parents worldwide. Although some concepts regarding autism are similar across countries, identification of children with autism and their eligibility for special education services may differ. A systematic review of special education laws for eligibility of autism classification in the four countries and their relationship to the UN Conventions on the Rights of the Child and the Rights of Persons with Disabilities were investigated. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) - CY provides a framework using standard language to categorize health, functioning, disability, and related environmental factors of children's health states. The researcher used ICF-CY codes to compare assessment tools for children with autism in Japan, Korea, the UK, and the US. Results and implications were discussed.