cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Formation of Star Clusters II: 3D Simulations of Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence in Molecular Clouds
Creators: name: Tilley, David A.
name: Pudritz, Ralph E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We present a series of decaying turbulence simulations that represent a cluster-forming clump within a molecular cloud, investigating the role of magnetic fields on the formation of potential star-forming cores. We present an exhaustive analysis of numerical data from these simulations that includes a compilation of all of the distributions of physical properties that characterize bound cores - including their masses, radii, mean densities, angular momenta, spins, magnetizations, and mass-to-flux ratios. We also present line maps of our models that can be compared with observations. Our simulations range between 5-30 Jeans masses of gas, and are representative of molecular cloud clumps with masses between 100-1000 solar masses. The cores have mass-to-flux ratios that are generally less than that of the original cloud, and so a cloud that is initially highly supercritical can produce cores that are slightly supercritical, similar to that seen by Zeeman measurements of molecular cloud cores. Clouds that are initially only slightly supercritical will instead collapse along the field lines into sheets, and the cores that form as these sheets fragment have a different mass spectrum than what is observed. The spin rates of these cores suggests that subsequent fragmentation into multiple systems is likely. The sizes of the bound cores that are produced are typically 0.02-0.2 pc and have densities in the range 10^4-10^5 cm^{-3} in agreement with observational surveys. Finally, our numerical data allow us to test theoretical models of the mass spectrum of cores, such as the turbulent fragmentation picture of Padoan-Nordlund. We find that while this model gets the shape of the core mass spectrum reasonably well, it fails to predict the peak mass in the core mass spectrum.
description: Accepted by MNRAS. 28 pages, 16 figures. Substantial revision since last version
Run-and-tumble particles on a line with a fertile site
Creators: name: Grange, Pascal
name: Yao, Xueqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model of run-and-tumble particles (RTPs) on a line with a fertile site at the origin. After going through the fertile site, a run-and-tumble particle gives rise to new particles until it flips direction. The process of creation of new particles is modelled by a fertility function (of the distance to the fertile site), multiplied by a fertility rate. If the initial conditions correspond to a single RTP with even probability density, the system is parity-invariant. The equations of motion can be solved in the Laplace domain, in terms of the density of right-movers at the origin. At large time, this density is shown to grow exponentially, at a rate that depends only on the fertility function and fertility rate. Moreover, the total density of RTPs (divided by the density of right-movers at the origin), reaches a stationary state that does not depend on the initial conditions, and presents a local minimum at the fertile site.
description: 28 pages, LaTeX; v2: typos corrected; v3: Eq. 81 corrected, more typos corrected; v4: more typos corrected, references added; v5: more typos corrected; v6: more typos corrected, reference added, discussion expanded, accepted version
Estimating Full IM240 Emissions from Partial Test Results: Evidence from Arizona
Creators: name: Ando, Amy Whritenour
name: Harrington, Winston
name: McConnell, Virginia D.
name: Ando, Amy Whritenour
name: Harrington, Winston
name: McConnell, Virginia D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: inspection and maintenance
subject: mobile source
subject: fast pass

description: The expense and inconvenience of enhanced vehicle emissions testing using the full 240-second dynamometer test has led states to search for ways to shorten the test process. In fact, all states that currently use the IM240 allow some type of fast-pass, usually as early in the test as second 31, and Arizona allows vehicles to fast-fail after second 93. While these shorter tests save states millions of dollars in inspection lanes and driver costs, there is a loss in information since test results are no longer comparable across vehicles. This paper presents a methodology for estimating full 240 second results from partial-test results for three pollutants: HC, CO and NOx. Using random sample of vehicles in Arizona which received full 240 second tests, we use regression analysis to estimate the relationship between emissions at second 240 and emissions at earlier seconds in the test. We examine the influence of other variables such as age, model-year group, and the pollution level itself on this relationship. We then use the estimated coefficients in several applications. First, we attempt to shed light on the frequent assertion that the results of the dynamometer test provide guidance for vehicle repair of failing vehicles. Using a probit analysis, we find that the probability that a failing vehicle will passing the test on the first retest is greater the longer the test has progressed. Second, we test the accuracy of our estimates for forecasting fleet emissions from partial test emissions results in Arizona. We find that forecast fleet average emissions are very close to the actual fleet averages.
Controlling Ozone and Fine Particulates: Cost Benefit Analysis with Meteorological Variability
Creators: name: Shih, Jhih-Shyang
name: Bergin, Michelle S.
name: Krupnick, Alan J.
name: Russell, Armistead G.
name: Shih, Jhih-Shyang
name: Bergin, Michelle S.
name: Krupnick, Alan J.
name: Russell, Armistead G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: ambient air
subject: ozone
subject: particulate matter
subject: risk management
subject: public policy
subject: cost-benefit analysis
subject: variability and uncertainty
subject: stochastic simulation
subject: stochastic multi-objective programming
subject: decision-making
subject: National Ambient Air Quality Standards

description: In this paper, we develop an integrated cost-benefit analysis framework for ozone and fine particulate control, accounting for variability and uncertainty. The framework includes air quality simulation, sensitivity analysis, stochastic multi-objective air quality management, and stochastic cost-benefit analysis. This paper has two major contributions. The first is the development of stochastic source-receptor (S-R) coefficient matrices for ozone and fine particulate matter using an advanced air quality simulation model (URM-1ATM) and an efficient sensitivity algorithm (DDM-3D). The second is a demonstration of this framework for alternative ozone and PM2.5 reduction policies. Alternative objectives of the stochastic air quality management model include optimization of the net social benefits and maximization of the reliability of satisfying certain air quality goals. We also examine the effect of accounting for distributional concerns.
Economic Values of Freshwater in the United States
Creators: name: Frederick, Kenneth D.
name: VandenBerg, Timothy P.
name: Hanson, Jean
name: Frederick, Kenneth D.
name: VandenBerg, Timothy P.
name: Hanson, Jean
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This report presents nearly 500 water value estimates for four withdrawal uses (domestic, irrigation, industrial processing, and thermoelectric power generation) and four instream uses (hydropower, recreation/fish & wildlife habitat, navigation, and waste disposal). The first section discusses important caveats for interpreting the data and the relevance of water values for achieving efficient use of the resource. The second section discusses the presentation of the data. Tables and graphs are used to summarize and help interpret the water value data that have been converted to constant 1994 dollars. Section 3 presents the data by geographic region to illustrate how the values within a region vary among uses. Section 4 presents the data for individual water uses to illustrate how the values for specific uses vary within each of the 18 water resources regions that comprise the conterminous United States. Information such as the location, year, and methodology used to derive each of the values are presented in the appendices along with each of the water value estimates. The data are organized by water resources region in Appendix B and by type of use in Appendix C.
THE VALUE OF GENETIC INFORMATION IN SELECTION OF REPLACEMENT HOLSTEIN HEIFERS
Creators: name: Radke, Brian R.
name: Lloyd, James W.
name: Black, J. Roy
name: Harsh, Stephen B.
name: Radke, Brian R.
name: Lloyd, James W.
name: Black, J. Roy
name: Harsh, Stephen B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Genetic information is valuable to livestock producers because its incorporation into their selection decisions results in improved animals. Hedonic models have been developed to value bulls' genetic traits to form a pricing mechanism for semen (Schroeder et al.; Richards and Jeffrey). Harris and Freeman estimated the economic weights of genetic traits that maximize producer income. These examples are representative of studies which valued genetic traits, but we are not aware of any research valuing the information on the underlying genetic traits.
Structure of split supersymmetry and simple models
Creators: name: Haba, Naoyuki
name: Okada, Nobuchika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive in detail a condition on the Higgs mass parameters that is necessary for the recently proposed ``split supersymmetry'' (split SUSY) scenario to provide a realistic magnitude of $\tan β$. The nature of this condition can be understood by showing how the Higgs sector of the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model reduces to that of the Standard Model in the heavy limit of the soft supersymmetry breaking Higgs mass parameters. Based on this condition, we present some simple supersymmetry breaking models that each provides a realistic split-SUSY mass spectrum, in accordance with the scale of the gravitino mass ($m_{3/2}$) in relation to those of the soft scalar mass ($\tilde{m}$) and the gaugino mass ($M_{1/2}$) employed in each, namely $m_{3/2} \geq \tilde{m}$, $\tilde{m} \geq m_{3/2} \geq M_{1/2}$ and $M_{1/2} \geq m_{3/2}$, respectively, with the relation $\tilde{m} \gg M_{1/2}$ of the split-SUSY mass spectrum.
description: 11 pages
2004 Michigan Tree Fruit Business Analysis Summary
Creators: name: Wittenberg, Eric
name: Harsh, Stephen B.
name: Thornsbury, Suzanne
name: Wittenberg, Eric
name: Harsh, Stephen B.
name: Thornsbury, Suzanne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This report summarizes the financial and production records of 8 Michigan tree fruit farms. To be included, the farms must have produced at least 50 percent of gross cash farm income from one or a combination of sales from cherries, apples, and other fruits. The records came from Michigan State University's TelFarm project. The values were pooled into averages for reporting purposes. Farm records were included if a farm financial summary was completed for 2004 data including beginning and ending balance sheets, plus income and expenses. The data was checked to verify that cash and debt discrepancy were within an acceptable range, cash discrepancy must be less than 10% of gross cash inflow and debt discrepancy must be less than $1,000. While considerable variation in the data exists, average values are reported in the summary tables that follow.
1998 BUSINESS ANALYSIS SUMMARY FOR GENERAL LIVESTOCK FARMS
Creators: name: Nott, Sherrill B.
name: Hampton, Jonathon C.
name: Nott, Sherrill B.
name: Hampton, Jonathon C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: This report has three purposes: 1)to provide statistical information about the financial results on dairy farms during 1998; 2)to provide production costs for comparative analysis and forward planning; and 3)to provide information on the trends in resource use, income and costs during the last few years.
Survey of Methods for Automated Code-Reuse Exploit Generation
Creators: name: Vishnyakov, Alexey
name: Nurmukhametov, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper provides a survey of methods and tools for automated code-reuse exploit generation. Such exploits use code that is already contained in a vulnerable program. The code-reuse approach allows one to exploit vulnerabilities in the presence of operating system protection that prohibits data memory execution. This paper contains a description of various code-reuse methods: return-to-libc attack, return-oriented programming, jump-oriented programming, and others. We define fundamental terms: gadget, gadget frame, gadget catalog. Moreover, we show that, in fact, a gadget is an instruction, and a set of gadgets defines a virtual machine. We can reduce an exploit creation problem to code generation for this virtual machine. Each particular executable file defines a virtual machine instruction set. We provide a survey of methods for gadgets searching and determining their semantics (creating a gadget catalog). These methods allow one to get the virtual machine instruction set. If a set of gadgets is Turing-complete, then a compiler can use a gadget catalog as a target architecture. However, some instructions can be absent. Hence we discuss several approaches to replace missing instructions with multiple gadgets. An exploit generation tool can chain gadgets by pattern searching (regular expressions) or considering gadgets semantics. Furthermore, some chaining methods use genetic algorithms, while others use SMT-solvers. We compare existing open-source tools and propose a testing system rop-benchmark that can be used to verify whether a generated chain successfully opens a shell.
Formation and Evolution of Supermassive Black Holes
Creators: name: Combes, Francoise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correlation between the mass of supermassive black holes in galaxy nuclei and the mass of the galaxy spheroids or bulges (or more precisely their central velocity dispersion), suggests a common formation scenario for galaxies and their central black holes. The growth of bulges and black holes can commonly proceed through external gas accretion or hierarchical mergers, and are both related to starbursts. Internal dynamical processes control and regulate the rate of mass accretion. Self-regulation and feedback are the key of the correlation. It is possible that the growth of one component, either BH or bulge, takes over, breaking the correlation, as in Narrow Line Seyfert 1 objects. The formation of supermassive black holes can begin early in the universe, from the collapse of Population III, and then through gas accretion. The active black holes can then play a significant role in the re-ionization of the universe. The nuclear activity is now frequently invoked as a feedback to star formation in galaxies, and even more spectacularly in cooling flows. The growth of SMBH is certainly there self-regulated. SMBHs perturb their local environment, and the mergers of binary SMBHs help to heat and destroy central stellar cusps. The interpretation of the X-ray background yields important constraints on the history of AGN activity and obscuration, and the census of AGN at low and at high redshifts reveals the downsizing effect, already observed for star formation. History appears quite different for bright QSO and low-luminosity AGN: the first grow rapidly at high z, and their number density decreases then sharply, while the density of low-luminosity objects peaks more recently, and then decreases smoothly.
description: 31 pages, 13 figures, review paper for Astrophysics Update 2
Variation in δ13C and δ15N within and among plant species in the alpine tundra
Creators: name: Spasojevic, Marko J.
name: Weber, Sören
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Ratios of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stable isotopes in plants are important indicators of intrinsic water use efficiency and N acquisition strategies. Here, we examined patterns of inter- and intraspecific variations and phylogenetic signal in foliar δ13C and δ15N for 59 alpine tundra plant species, stratifying our sampling across five habitat types. Overall, we found that variation in both δ13C and δ15N mirrored well-known patterns of water and nitrogen limitation among habitat types and that there was significant intraspecific trait variation in both δ13C and δ15N for some species. Lastly, we only found a strong signal of phylogenetic conservatism in δ13C in two habitat types and no phylogenetic signal in δ15N. Our results suggest that although local environmental conditions do play a role in determining variation in δ13C and δ15N among habitat types, there is considerable variation within and among species that is only weakly explained by shared ancestry. Taken together, our results suggest that considering local environmental variation, intraspecific trait variation, and shared ancestry can help with interpreting isotope patterns in nature and with predicting which species may be able to respond to rapidly changing environmental conditions.
Low-energy constant $L_{10}$ in a two-representation lattice theory
Creators: name: Golterman, Maarten
name: Jay, William I.
name: Neil, Ethan T.
name: Shamir, Yigal
name: Svetitsky, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the low-energy constant $L_{10}$ in a two-representation SU(4) lattice gauge theory that is close to a composite-Higgs model. From this we obtain the contribution of the new strong sector to the $S$ parameter. This leads to an upper bound on the vacuum misalignment parameter $ξ$ which is similar to current estimates of this bound. Our result agrees with large-$N_c$ scaling expectations, within large systematic uncertainties.
description: Journal version, RevTeX, 20 pages. Expanded discussion of the pure NLO result
1997 BUSINESS ANALYSIS SUMMARY FOR FRUIT FARMS
Creators: name: Nott, Sherrill B.
name: Smith, Jackie
name: Nott, Sherrill B.
name: Smith, Jackie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: This report is a summary of the financial and production records kept by fruit farmers enrolled in the Telfarm/MicroTel record program through Michigan State University Extension. This report has three purposes: 1)to provide statistical information about the financial results on fruit farms during 1997; 2) to provide production costs for comparative analysis and forward planning; and 3) to provide information on the trends in resource use, income and costs during the last few years.
title: Examining the existing reality of using social media as e-learning tools at an Emerging University in Saudi Arabia from the viewpoint of tutors and students
Creators: name: Alshehri, Omar Abdullah
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2021

description: Social media has become an integral part of today’s societies across the globe. As a consequence, the use of social media in higher education is rapidly expanding, both amongst students and faculties. Saudi Arabia’s higher education is no exception. This study examines dimensions of the reality of social media use in an EU in Saudi Arabia in order to provide a new understanding that supports the effective integration of these tools in higher education. The theoretical basis for this study was developed from Bandura’s Social Learning Theory and Davis’ Technology Acceptance Model and explored social media use from the viewpoints of tutors and students. The study employed a concurrent mixed-methods design. Firstly, 407 students and 290 tutors completed questionnaires, and then, to increase validity and reliability, 10 of the tutors were then interviewed. The data were analysed separately, then compared and integrated to identify key results. The findings reveal that the students and tutors who participated in this study had positive perceptions of the use of social media in education. Moreover, a great number of students were highly dependent on social media and viewed these tools as supportive and useful for facilitating learning, communicating, enhancing collaboration, exchanging experiences, generating and improving content, and constructing knowledge. Many tutors expressed the view that they could see the benefit of students interacting with and learning from others through social media. Nevertheless, a large portion of the faculty did not use social media for instructional purposes. The results also indicate that the major barriers to implementing social media tools in higher educational institutions are their potential for distraction, the need for training, privacy issues, and cyber-bullying. These findings highlight the fact that, as social media tools continue to attract student attention, more research needs to be done on the impact of social media on: • student collaboration and social interaction within the learning environment; • student collaboration with tutors; • the ways in which the different types of SM affect student learning and performance; • the negative impact of SMTs on learning environments and how this may also affect student learning and academic performance; and • the different barriers that students and tutors face when they utilise SM for learning, especially regarding their perceptions of privacy and security issues when using web-based applications.
A General Charge Transport Picture for Organic Semiconductors with Nonlocal Electron-Phonon Couplings
Creators: name: Li, Weitang
name: Ren, Jiajun
name: Shuai, Zhigang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlocal electron-phonon couplings in organic semiconductors responsible for the fluctuation of intermolecular transfer integrals has been the center of interest recently. Several irreconcilable scenarios coexist for the description of the nonlocal electron-phonon coupling, such as phonon-assisted transport, transient localization, and band-like transport. Through a nearly exact numerical study for the carrier mobility of the Holstein-Peierls model using the matrix product states approach, we locate the phonon-assisted transport, transient localization and band-like regimes as a function of the transfer integral ($V$) and the nonlocal electron-phonon couplings ($ΔV$), and their distinct transport behaviors are analyzed by carrier mobility, mean free path, optical conductivity and one-particle spectral function. We also identify an "intermediate regime" where none of the established pictures applies, and the generally perceived hopping regime is found to be at a very limited end in the proposed regime paradigm.
Sloshing in reservoirs with multi-degrees-of-freedom base motions
Creators: name: Premasiri, Sundaralingam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis describes an investigation of the influence of multiple base motion components and hydrodynamic damping on the hydrodynamic loads and fluid surface elevation in a fluid filled reservoir subjected to base excitation. The investigation is carried out for two configurations: rectangular and circular cylindrical reservoirs. The multiple motions are horizontal and rocking excitations and the hydrodynamic damping is due to boundary layers along the reservoir walls and baffles in the reservoir. Initially, the boundary value problem for the case of an inviscid fluid and a harmonic base motion is solved on the basis of linearized potential flow theory. The case of energy dissipation of a real fluid is then treated by a extension to this, which involves an assumption of dissipation at the free surface and a corresponding modification to the free surface boundary condition. In order to treat earthquake-induced motions, this solution is then extended to a simplified method of estimating maximum forces using a modal analysis and involving earthquake response spectra. The estimation of hydrodynamic damping is also discussed. The combined effect of the two component excitations on the overall fluid elevation and hydrodynamic forces are calculated using superposition. An experimental investigation for liquid filled rectangular tanks has been carried out. The tanks were subjected to component motions (horizontal and rocking) and combined motions, both for harmonic and earthquake motions. The important parameters are the size of the tank, depth of fluid, frequency of excitation, and amplitude of the base motion. The resulting parameters of interest include the maximum fluid surface elevation, the maximum horizontal force and the maximum overturning moment at the base of the tank. The experiments were extended to investigate the effects of damping, whereby the experiments were repeated with baffles in the rectangular reservoir. The theoretical results are compared with existing solutions and experimental results. The effects of additional degrees of freedom motions and of hydrodynamic damping on the hydrodynamic loading and fluid elevations are discussed in detail. The effects of damping on hydrodynamic loading and the fluid surface elevation are also discussed. Finally, conclusions are given including the effect of multi-degree-of-freedom base motion, the effect of hydrodynamic damping and the effectiveness of various baffle configurations.
Ricette e medicina: tre zibaldoni nel Quattrocento
Creators: name: Crisciani, Chiara
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2016

description: Il saggio esamina tre manoscritti  del '400, definibili come zibaldoni, che contengono ricette - per lo più mediche -, e testi o parti di opere autoriali legati alla medicina. Si sottolinea innanzitutto il rilievo di questo materiale testuale, così abbondante e ancora troppo trascurato. In particolare, testi di questo tipo, se interrogati opportunamente, possono dare risposte circa le forme di medicalizzazione tra laici nel sec. XV; sui modi di selezione e trasmissione di saperi terapeutici; infine, sul ruolo della ricetta nella elaborazione di una epistemologia dell'empiria in ambito medico nella prima età moderna.

This essay studies three 15th century manuscripts which contain mainly medical recipes and texts. The importance is particularly stressed of this textual material, which is often undervalued too much. Indeed, if texts of this kind are searched in a suitable way, they can provide answers about the various forms of medicalization in the 15th century; about the various ways of choice  and transmission of therapeutical knowledge; and also about the role of recipes in the development of an experiential epistemology in the medical realm in early modern period.
description: Doctor Virtualis, No 13 (2015): Filologia e filosofia
Chiral transition in the probe approximation from an Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity model
Creators: name: Bohra, Hardik
name: Dudal, David
name: Hajilou, Ali
name: Mahapatra, Subhash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We refine an earlier introduced 5-dimensional gravity solution capable of holographically capturing several qualitative aspects of (lattice) QCD in a strong magnetic background such as the anisotropic behaviour of the string tension, inverse catalysis at the level of the deconfinement transition or sensitivity of the entanglement entropy to the latter. Here, we consistently modify our solution of the considered Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton system to not only overcome an unphysical flattening at large distances in the quark-antiquark potential plaguing earlier work, but also to encapsulate inverse catalysis for the chiral transition in the probe approximation. This brings our dynamical holographic QCD model yet again closer to a stage at which it can be used to predict magnetic QCD quantities not directly computable via lattice techniques.
description: 15 pages, 23 figures, major revision in the chiral part, appendices added, accepted for publication in PRD
title: Design of antenna array and data streaming platform for low-cost smart antenna systems
Creators: name: Tan, Moh Chuan
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Smart Antenna, beamforming, antenna array, T/R module, pre-configurable.

description: The wide range of wireless infrastructures such as cellular base stations, wireless hotspots, roadside infrastructures, and wireless mobile infrastructures have been increasing rapidly over the past decades. In the transportation sector, wireless technology refreshes require constantly introducing newer wireless standards into the existing wireless infrastructure. Different wireless standards are expected to co-exist, and the air space congestion worsens if the wireless devices are operating in different wireless standards, where collision avoidance and transmission time synchronisation become complex and almost impossible. Huge challenges are expected such as operation constraints, cross-system interference, and air space congestion. Future proof and scalable smart wireless infrastructures are crucial to harmonise the un-coordinated wireless infrastructures and improve the performance, reliability, and availably of the wireless networks. This thesis presents the detailed design of a novel pre-configurable smart antenna system and its sub-system including antenna element, antenna array, and radio frequency (RF) frontend. Three types of 90° beamforming antenna array (with low, middle and high gain) were designed, simulated, and experimentally evaluated. The RF frontend module or transmit and receive (T/R) module was designed and fabricated. The performance of the T/R module was characterised and calibrated using the recursive calibration method, and drastic sidelobe level (SLL) improvement was achieved using the amplitude distribution technique. Finally, the antenna arrays and T/R modules are integrated into the pre-configurable smart antenna system, the beam steering performance is experimentally evaluated and presented in this thesis. With the combination of practical know-how and theoretical estimation, the thesis highlights how the modern smart antenna techniques that support most cutting-edge wireless technology can be adopted into the existing infrastructure with minimum distraction to the existing systems. This is in line with the global Smart City initiative, where a huge number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices being wired, or wireless are expected to work harmoniously in the same premises. The concept of the pre-configurable smart antenna system presented in this thesis is set to deliver a future-proof and highly scalable and sustainable infrastructure in the transportation market.
A humanist in the kitchen. Platina's De honesta voluptate et valetudine
Creators: name: Ceron, Annalisa
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2016

description: Questo articolo analizza il De honesta voluptate et valetudine di Platina come esempio emblematico per mostrare che un'accurata analisi filologica può aiutare non solo a chiarire i contesti teorici in cui un'opera può essere collocata, ma anche a fornire una miglior comprensione delle sue implicazioni filosofiche. In questo lavoro letterario, che è sia un libro di cucina sia un manuale di dietetica, Platina ha intrecciato una varietà di fonti antiche e moderne, più o meno riconoscibili: egli non si è limitato a riproporre le ricette di Martino da Como, ma ha varcato la soglia della cucina combinando gli insegnamenti della dietetica medievale, che si basava sulla teoria galeniana degli umori, con alcune ipotesi stoiche, non considerate in conflitto con una moderata ricerca del piacere di mangiare. In tal modo, ha sviluppato un’originale riflessione sul vivere bene, in cui la felicità tende a coincidere con il benessere fisico.

This article analyses Platina’s De honesta voluptate et valetudine as an emblematic example of how an accurate philological analysis can help to clarify the theoretical contexts in which a work can be placed and even provide a clearer grasp of its philosophical assumptions. In this literary work, which is both a cookbook and a dietetic manual, Platina interwove a variety of ancient and modern sources, more or less easily discernible: he did not limit himself to collect Martino of Como’s recipes, but crossed the threshold of the kitchen by combining the teaching of medieval dietetics, which was based on Galen’s theory of bodily humours, with some Stoic assumptions, which he viewed as not being in conflict with a moderate pursuit of the pleasure of eating. In doing so, he developed an intriguing reflection on living well according to which happiness tends to coincide with physical wellbeing.
description: Doctor Virtualis, No 13 (2015): Filologia e filosofia
Model C critical dynamics of disordered magnets
Creators: name: Dudka, M.
name: Folk, R.
name: Holovatch, Yu.
name: Moser, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical dynamics of model C in the presence of disorder is considered. It is known that in the asymptotics a conserved secondary density decouples from the nonconserved order parameter for disordered systems. However couplings between order parameter and secondary density cause considerable effects on non-asymptotic critical properties. Here, a general procedure for a renormalization group treatment is proposed. Already the one-loop approximation gives a qualitatively correct picture of the diluted model C dynamical criticality. A more quantitative description is achieved using two-loop approximation. In order to get reliable results resummation technique has to be applied.
description: 21 page, 4 figures, submitted to the proceedings of the conference "Renormalization Group 2005", Helsinki, Finland, 30 August - 3 September 2005
IDENTITY CRISIS: LAND GRANT RESEARCH IN THE BIOTECHNOLOGY ERA
Creators: name: Weatherspoon, Dave D.
name: Oehmke, James F.
name: Raper, Kellie Curry
name: Weatherspoon, Dave D.
name: Oehmke, James F.
name: Raper, Kellie Curry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: "It is further the policy of the Congress to promote the efficient production, marketing, distribution, and utilization of products of the farm as essential to the health and welfare of our peoples and to promote a sound and prosperous agriculture and rural life...It shall be the object and duty of the State agricultural experiment stations...to conduct original and other researches, investigations, and experiments...including researches basic to the problems of agriculture in its broadest aspects, and such investigations as have for their purpose and development and improvement of the rural home and rural life and the maximum contribution by agriculture to the welfare of the consumer..." (The Hatch Act) Land Grant Colleges and Universities (LGCUs) are experiencing an identity crisis. This identity crisis is most evident in agricultural research, where privatization is raising questions about the public-good nature of agricultural research, where the delivery of product to the consumer as originally stated in the Hatch Act of 1887 is hampered by increasing protection of intellectual property, and where is there is no clear vision as to how 21st century agriculture is supposed to look. How can LGCUs maximize the contribution of agriculture to the improvement of rural life or consumer welfare if there is no clear vision?
Lavori in corso. Gli studi lulliani a partire dalla Raimundi Opera Latina (ROL)
Creators: name: Pereira, Michela
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2016

description: A partire da una sintetica ricostruzione storiografica degli studi su Raimondo Lullo, si mette in evidenza l'intreccio fra lavoro di documentazione, di edizione e di interpretazione che in questo ambito si è verificato nel corso del Novecento a partire da tre momenti essenziali: la fondazione della Maioricensis Schola Lullistica, che ha costituito il primo contesto istituzionale promotore dell'edizione critica dei testi latini; l' internazionalizzazione del progetto editoriale con l'attività del Raimundus-Lullus-Institut all'università di Freiburg i.Br.; l'ulteriore ampliamento della ricerca a partire dall'uso tempestivo e meditato delle risorse elettroniche e della rete (in particolare la banca dati LlullDB dell'università di Barcellona).  Negli ultimi decenni questo rinnovamento del lavoro ecdotico ha prodotto, spesso – ma non solo – a opera degli stessi studiosi impegnati nelle edizioni, un'immagine per molti aspetti nuova del pensiero di Lullo e del suo interagire con la cultura del suo tempo, apportando nuovi elementi alla conoscenza del complesso contesto filosofico e teologico di inizio Trecento.

A brief historiographical reconstruction of the studies on Ramon Llull highlights the link between the work of documentation, critical editing and interpretation in this area, which occurred during the twentieth century, starting from three essential moments: the foundation of the Maioricensis Schola Lullistica,  the first institutional promoter of the critical editions of Lull's Latin works; the internationalization of this editorial project within the activities of the Raimundus-Lullus-Institut at the University of Freiburg i.Br .; the further expansion of research furthered by timely and thoughtful use of electronic resources and of the web (in particular the database LlullDB at the University of Barcelona). In recent decades this renovation of the ecdotic work has produced, often – yet not only –  by the same scholars engaged in the editions, new facets in our understanding of Llull's thinking and of his interaction with the culture of his time, bringing new elements to our knowledge of the complex philosophical and theological context of early fourteenth century.
description: Doctor Virtualis, No 13 (2015): Filologia e filosofia
Interstellar Objects Outnumber Solar System Objects in the Oort Cloud
Creators: name: Siraj, Amir
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here, we show that the detection of Borisov implies that interstellar objects outnumber Solar system objects in the Oort cloud, whereas the reverse is true near the Sun due to the stronger gravitational focusing of bound objects. This hypothesis can be tested with stellar occultation surveys of the Oort cloud. Furthermore, we demonstrate that $\sim 1 \%$ of carbon and oxygen in the Milky Way Galaxy may be locked in interstellar objects, saturating the heavy element budget of the minimum mass Solar nebula model.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Evidence of a boundary layer instability at very high Rayleigh number
Creators: name: Gauthier, Frédéric
name: Roche, Philippe-Emmanuel P. -E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 1997, a Rayleigh-Bénard experiment evidenced a significant increase of the heat transport efficiency for Rayleigh numbers larger than $Ra \sim 10^{12}$ and interpreted this observation as the signature of the Kraichnan's ``Ultime Regime'' of convection. According to Kraichnan's 1962 prediction, the flow boundary layers above the cold and hot plates -in which most of the fluid temperature drop is localized- become unstable for large enough $Ra$ and this instability boosts the heat transport compared to the other turbulent regimes. Using the same convection cell as in the 1997 experiment, we show that the reported heat transport increase is accompanied with enhanced temperature fluctuations of the bottom plate, which was heated at constant power levels. Indeed, for $Ra < 10^{12}$, the bottom plate fluctuations can simply be accounted from those in the bulk of the flow. In particular, they share the same spectral density at low frequencies, as if the bottom plate was following the slow temperature fluctuations of the bulk, modulo a constant temperature drop across the bottom boundary layer. Conversely, to account for the plate's temperature fluctuations at higher $Ra$, we no-longuer can ignore the fluctuations of the temperature drop across the boundary layer. The negative skewness of fluctuations at high $Ra$ supports the picture of a boundary layer instability. These observations provide new evidence that the transition reported in 1997 corresponds to the triggering of the Ultimate Regime of convection.
description: Submitted for publication
Dalecarlioceras constrictum Frye 1987
Creators: name: Kröger, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Oncoceratida
Oncoceratidae
Dalecarlioceras
Dalecarlioceras constrictum

description: Dalecarlioceras constrictum Frye, 1987
Figs 29D, 34A–B
Dalecarlioceras constrictum Frye, 1987: 92–93, fig. 3g –h.
Dalecarlioceras constrictum – Kröger 2013: 24, fig. 7a, tab.2.
Diagnosis
Moderately expanding Dalecarlioceras with curved, relatively short conch and compressed conch cross section; mature body chamber gibbous with maximum conch height of ca 44 mm, not greatly inflated; mature aperture constricted apicad of peristome, aperture height is one-fourth of body chamber length; peristome with well-developed hyponomic sinus. (Adopted from Frye 1987.)
Material examined
ESTONIA • 2 specs; Vormsi Island, Hosholm shore (tower); Adila Formation, Pirgu Regional Stage; GIT 878-248, GIT 878-251.
Type locality and horizon
Kallholn, Dalarna, Sweden; Boda Limestone, latest Katian.
Description
Specimen GIT 878-248 is a fragment of a mature body chamber and three chambers of the phragmocone. The conch surface is poorly preserved. Near the peristome, it is almost smooth with fine, irregularly spaced growth lines. At the base of the body chamber, the conch height and widths are 41 mm and 35 mm, respectively (CHI = 1.1). The body chamber is gibbous, 35 mm long, and in lateral view has convex outlines with the greatest conch height of 44 mm 20 mm adoral of the base of the body chamber. The phragmocone increases in height from 40 mm to 34 mm at a length of 18 mm (angle of expansion = 19°). The sutures form shallow lateral lobes and are 6 mm apart where the conch height is 38 mm (RCL = 0.16). The siphuncle is nearly marginal, has fusiform segments and is without endosiphuncular deposits. The septal necks are suborthochoanitic to cyrtochoanitic (Fig. 29D).
In GIT 878-251, a nearly complete mature body chamber and seven chambers of the phragmocone are preserved (Fig. 34A–B). At its base the body chamber is 37 mm high, and 34 mm wide (CHI = 1.1), has a broad elliptical conch cross section, and a gibbous form in lateral view. The greatest height is reached ca 20 mm adorad from its base (ca 44 mm), its total length is 43 mm. The mature peristome has a ca 7 mm deep, wide hyponomic sinus developed on the prosiphuncular side. The height of the phragmocone increases from 27 mm to 37 mm at a length of 31 mm (angle of expansion 18°). The siphuncle is located near the conch margin, its segments are fusiform (siphuncular height = 3.2 mm, segment length = 5.5 mm).
Remarks
The species was described in detail by Frye (1987). The Estonian specimens are very similar to the Swedish types.
description: Published as part of Kröger, Björn, 2025, The Lyckholm acme of cephalopods - Review of the late Katian (Vormsi-Pirgu regional stages) Ordovician cephalopods of Estonia, pp. 1-169 in European Journal of Taxonomy 978 on pages 86-88, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.978.2801, http://zenodo.org/record/14988376
A Fluctuation Analysis of the Bolocam 1.1mm Lockman Hole Survey
Creators: name: Maloney, Philip R.
name: Glenn, Jason
name: Aguirre, James E.
name: Golwala, Sunil R.
name: Laurent, G. T.
name: Ade, P. A. R.
name: Bock, J. J.
name: Edgington, S. F.
name: Goldin, A.
name: Haig, D.
name: Lange, A. E.
name: Mauskopf, P. D.
name: Nguyen, H.
name: Rossinot, P.
name: Sayers, J.
name: Stover, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a fluctuation analysis of the 1.1mm Bolocam Lockman Hole Survey, which covers 324 square arcmin to a very uniform point source-filtered RMS noise level of 1.4 mJy/beam. The fluctuation analysis has the significant advantage of utilizing all of the available data. We constrain the number counts in the 1-10 mJy range, and derive significantly tighter constraints than in previous work: the power-law index is 2.7 (+0.18, -0.15), while the amplitude is equal to 1595 (+85,-238) sources per mJy per square degree, or N(>1 mJy) = 940 (+50,-140) sources/square degree (95% confidence). Our results agree extremely well with those derived from the extracted source number counts by Laurent et al (2005). Our derived normalization is about 2.5 times smaller than determined by MAMBO at 1.2mm by Greve et al (2004). However, the uncertainty in the normalization for both data sets is dominated by the systematic (i.e., absolute flux calibration) rather than statistical errors; within these uncertainties, our results are in agreement. We estimate that about 7% of the 1.1mm background has been resolved at 1 mJy.
description: To appear in the Astrophysical Journal; 22 pages, 9 figures
Averroïsme, une histoire chrétienne mais pas seulement. L’influence d’Averroès sur les penseurs chrétiens et juifs
Creators: name: Puig Montada, Josep
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2016

description: Le traduzioni realizzate da Michele Scoto (1235/6) dei grandi commentari averroisti alle opere di Aristotele hanno contribuito non solo a una nuova comprensione di Aristotele ma anche alla creazione di una vera e propria corrente filosofica che lo stesso Averroè non avrebbe mai immaginato: l’averroismo latino.

Parallelamente, Maimonide (1204) ha contribuito a sviluppare una corrente di pensiero simile nel contesto dell’ebraismo medievale, sostenendo un approccio razionalista alla fede basato sulle filosofie di Aristotele e Averroè.

Il contributo segue le due linee di sviluppo dell’averroismo medievale.

Michael Scott (d. 1235/1236) translated Averroes’ long commentaries on Aristotle into Latin and herewith he contributed not only to a new understanding of Aristotle but also to the creation of a new philosophical movement that Averroes could never have imagined, Averroism.

In a parallel way, it was Maimonides (d. 1204) who helped to develop a similar movement within Medieval Judaism since he encouraged a rational approach to the faith based in the philosophy of Aristotle and Averroes.

The article follows the two lines of Averroes’ seminal work.
description: Doctor Virtualis, No 13 (2015): Filologia e filosofia