cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Metabolomics Study of ARDS Diagnosis, Heterogeneity, and Mortality
Creators: name: Mohamed Metwaly, Sayed Ahmed Osman
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: ARDS
subject: metabolomics
subject: biomarkers
subject: statistics
subject: cytokines
subject: endotyping
subject: folate hypothesis
subject: waning of the initial insult effect
subject: machine learning
subject: visualization
subject: Probabilistic universal model approximator
subject: PUMA
subject: Health Sciences--Medicine and Surgery
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Chemistry--Biochemistry
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Background: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) represents 10.4% of all Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admissions with an overall mortality rate of 35.3%. Early diagnosis of ARDS is an important requirement for the timely institution of proper supportive care but it is hampered by the unreliable tissue diagnosis, lack of an early diagnostic biomarker and lack of specific therapy. Metabolomics is a systems biology approach to examine changes in metabolites in response to physiological and pathological stimuli. It is more closely related to observed phenotypes and more responsive to real-time pathophysiological changes, thus constitutes an attractive platform for studying ARDS.Hypothesis: We hypothesize that the diverse inflammatory, pathobiological and adaptive processes involved in ARDS would manifest as unique metabolic fingerprint that sets ARDS apart from other ICU conditions. Biomarker identification may help early diagnosis of ARDS, explore its mechanism, differentiate ARDS subclasses and predict ARDS mortality. Methodology: Serum samples from 108 ARDS patients and 27 ICU ventilated age- and sex-matched controls were included in this study. Samples were analyzed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The proteins/cytokines IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-?, Ang-2, RAGE, vWF, TNF-RI, ICAM-1, PAI-1, SP-D and Protein-C were also measured. Multivariate statistical models that distinguish ARDS from ICU controls (diagnose ARDS), subclassify ARDS and predict ARDS non-survival were built. Results were externally validated in an independent cohort of 188 patients comprising 118 ARDS patients and 70 ICU ventilated controls.Results: Our data indicates that NMR and GC-MS metabolomics are more accurate than proteins/cytokines in differentiating ARDS from ICU controls and ARDS subgroups. Pathway analysis of ARDS versus controls identified a dominant involvement of serine-glycine metabolism. In external validation, ARDS patients were correctly identified in 93% using NMR and 96% using GC-MS. Metabolomics was not able to predict mortality in the ARDS population studied.Conclusion: ARDS subgroups are metabolically distinct. Further research is needed to explore the role of dysfunctional folate metabolism in the development of ARDS. Metabolomics provides a novel technology to not only understand but intervene on the pathophysiology of ARDS.
Additional file 1 of Robustness of single-cell RNA-seq for identifying differentially expressed genes
Creators: name: Liu, Yong
name: Huang, Jing
name: Pandey, Rajan
name: Liu, Pengyuan
name: Therani, Bhavika
name: Qiu, Qiongzi
name: Rao, Sridhar
name: Geurts, Aron M.
name: Cowley, Allen W.
name: Greene, Andrew S.
name: Liang, Mingyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table S1. Characteristics of the bulk RNA-seq data. Supplemental Table S2. Characteristics of the scRNA-seq data. Supplemental Figure S1. The vast majority of cells in each scRNA-seq library formed one cluster in an UMAP plot and expressed a marker gene for the cell type.
Engineering Streptavidin with Switchable Ligand Binding Affinity Using Disulfide Bonds at the Biotin Entry Gateway
Creators: name: Marangoni, Jesse M
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biology--Molecular

description: Streptavidin is widely used in biotechnological applications for its specific, high-affinity interaction with its natural ligand biotin, a small vitamin that can be easily conjugated to biomolecules of interest. However, its utility is often limited since many applications require reversibility in binding whereas others require higher affinity than that offered by wild-type streptavidin. For some applications, it would even be beneficial to allow extremely tight binding and subsequent ligand release within a single protocol. To combine both extremely tight and reversible binding into a single protein, two streptavidin muteins, designated M88 and M112, were engineered to each contain a distinct disulfide on opposite sides of a flexible loop critical for ligand binding. Each disulfide bond has markedly different effects on protein structure and binding kinetics. While the disulfide in M112 caused a detrimental conformational change which decreased biotin binding affinity, oxidized M88 showed a ~250-fold decrease in off-rate constant at 21°C and increased thermostability when compared to wild-type streptavidin. Furthermore, reduction of the disulfide bond increased the off-rate constant ~19,000-fold compared to the oxidized form, reducing the half-life for dissociation from 50 years to 1 day. Increasing the temperature to 50°C allows ligand release from the reduced form with a half-life of 9 minutes. M88 thus displays redox and temperature dependent ligand binding, both of which can be used to switch between high- and low-affinity states. M88 coupled to a matrix can be used to capture and release biotinylated biomolecules. For applications where increased temperature is not viable, further engineering of M88 has been used to reduce ligand binding affinity. The relative ease of controlling protein disulfide bond redox state with mild chemical agents allows switchable affinity of M88 towards biotin.
Conopophila albogularis subsp. mimikae Mathews
Creators: name: Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Meliphagidae
Conopophila
Conopophila albogularis
Conopophila albogularis mimikae mathews

description: [Conopophila albogularis mimikae Mathews]
 Mathews (1924: 390) named mimikae based on specimens collected at the mouth of the Mimika River, Papua Province, Indonesia (5 Dutch New Guinea) on the BOU and Wollaston expeditions to New Guinea, and reported on by Ogilvie-Grant (1915: 54). The type of mimikae is probably in BMNH, although not listed by Warren and Harrison (1971).
description: Published as part of Mary, 2011, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 9. Passeriformes: Zosteropidae And Meliphagidae, pp. 1-193 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (348) on page 151
Short-term Electricity Price Forecasting in Highly Volatile Real-time Markets: The Case of Alberta
Creators: name: Manfre Jaimes, Daniel
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Electricity Price Forecasting
subject: Volatility in electricity markets
subject: Alberta electricity market
subject: Long Short Term Memory Network
subject: Extreme Gradient Boosting.
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical
subject: Artificial Intelligence

description: Accurate short-term electricity price forecasting is a key input in the operational scheduling decisions made by electricity market participants. Thus, there has been a board body of models and techniques presented in the literature to forecast these prices. However, when it comes to real-time markets, they are significantly more volatile than day-ahead markets. This is because they are affected by unforeseen real-time grid events that may lead prices to jump to unusual high/low levels. This high volatility makes accurate forecasting of electricity prices a very challenging task. In this thesis, a volatility analysis of the Alberta electricity market is carried out to demonstrate significant intra-day fluctuations in the price patterns. Relevant publicly available data from the Alberta electricity market is investigated to select a set of explanatory real-time variables that might help predict some of these fluctuations. The Long Short-Term Memory network combined with the XGBoost decision tree algorithm is applied in a multi-stage forecasting mechanism to generate forecasts up to 96 hours ahead. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed model provides a better performance for short-term electricity price forecasting relative to existing models. Two economic applications of the developed forecasting model are carried out to demonstrate its usefulness to the market players of the Alberta electricity market. The results obtained from these applications show that, compared with other approaches, the deployment of the developed forecasting model can increase significantly the revenues of several market players of the Alberta electricity market.
Monomer dynamics of a wormlike chain
Creators: name: Bullerjahn, Jakob Tómas
name: Sturm, Sebastian
name: Wolff, Lars
name: Kroy, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the stochastic equations of motion for a tracer that is tightly attached to a semiflexible polymer and confined or agitated by an externally controlled potential. The generalised Langevin equation, the power spectrum, and the mean-square displacement for the tracer dynamics are explicitly constructed from the microscopic equations of motion for a weakly bending wormlike chain by a systematic coarse-graining procedure. Our accurate analytical expressions should provide a convenient starting point for further theoretical developments and for the analysis of various single-molecule experiments and of protein shape fluctuations.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
The effect of soil moisture stress on allelopathic influence of hound's-tongue (Cynoglossum officinale L.)
Creators: name: Momayyezi, Mina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Little information on the effect of environmental stressors on hound’s-tongue interaction with associated herbivores and grasses is available. This study investigated the effect of soil moisture stress (SMS) on allelopathic influence of hound’s-tongue on a) feeding preference and growth of grasshopper (Melanoplus sanguinipes Fab.) and b) seed germination and seedling growth of Idaho fescue (Festuca idahoensis Elmer), bluebunch wheatgrass (Agropyron spicatum (Pursh) Scribn. and J. G. Sm.), and hound’s-tongue (Cynoglossum officinale L.). Hound’s-tongue plants were grown under four SMS levels [100, 80, 60, and 40% field capacity (FC)] in a greenhouse. On intact hound’s-tongue, grasshoppers preferred mid-aged leaves of plants at 40% FC; whereas there was no consistent relationship between the leaf age and the area consumed for plants at 100% FC. Grasshoppers showed no statistically significant preference for discs excised from old leaves at 100 vs. 80, 60, or 40% FC. However, analyses of pooled results showed their preference for discs from old leaves at 60 and 40% over 100% FC. In bioassays employing discs from young leaves, grasshoppers significantly preferred young leaves at 40 compared to 100% FC. In disc choices between young and old leaves of plants at the same SMS, grasshoppers preferred young over old leaves at 40% FC. The greater preference and higher growth of grasshoppers on younger leaves of plants grown under higher SMS could increase our understanding of the effect of insects’ herbivory on hound’s-tongue under various SMS in rangelands. Inhibitory effects of hound’s-tongue leaf leachate on germination of hound’s-tongue and bluebunch wheatgrass and seedling growth of grasses increased with SMS only in one Petri dish experiment. In soil, hound’s-tongue leaf leachate and leaf residue from plants grown under SMS had either no or inconsistent allelopathic effects on seedling growth of grasses. Hound’s-tongue root elongation was inhibited in soil covered with residue from 40 compared to 80% FC plants. This study suggests that SMS could increase the inhibitory effect of hound’s-tongue mother plants on growth of its seedlings, but it may not have any ecologically significant effect on the allelopathic influence of hound’s-tongue on germination and seedling growth of neighboring grasses in nature.
Multifractal nature of the surface local density of states in three-dimensional topological insulators with magnetic and nonmagnetic disorder
Creators: name: Foster, Matthew S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the multifractal spectra associated to local density of states (LDOS) fluctuations due to weak quenched disorder, for a single Dirac fermion in two spatial dimensions. Our results are relevant to the surfaces of Z_2 topological insulators such as Bi_2Se_3 and Bi_2Te_3, where LDOS modulations can be directly probed via scanning tunneling microscopy. We find a qualitative difference in spectra obtained for magnetic versus non-magnetic disorder. Randomly polarized magnetic impurities induce quadratic multifractality at first order in the impurity density; by contrast, no operator exhibits multifractal scaling at this order for a non-magnetic impurity profile. For the time-reversal invariant case, we compute the first non-trivial multifractal correction, which appears at two loops (impurity density squared). We discuss spectral enhancement approaching the Dirac point due to renormalization, and we survey known results for the opposite limit of strong disorder.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures; v2 references updated, published version
An Introduction to the Theory of Spin Glasses
Creators: name: Altieri, Ada
name: Baity-Jesi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the main methods used to study spin glasses. In the first part, we focus on methods for fully connected models and systems defined on a tree, such as the replica method, the Thouless-Anderson-Palmer formalism, the cavity method, and the dynamical mean-field theory. In the second part, we deal with the description of low-dimensional systems, mostly in three spatial dimensions, which are mostly studied through numerical simulations. We conclude by mentioning some of the main open problems in the field.
description: To appear as a chapter of the "Encyclopedia of Condensed Matter Physics", 2nd edition (Elsevier)
Vibrational vs. electronic coherences in 2D spectrum of molecular systems
Creators: name: Butkus, Vytautas
name: Zigmantas, Donatas
name: Valkunas, Leonas
name: Abramavicius, Darius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-dimensional spectroscopy has recently revealed oscillatory behavior of excitation dynamics in molecular systems. However, in the majority of cases it is strongly debated if excitonic or vibrational wavepackets, or evidences of quantum transport have been observed. In this letter, the method for distinguishing between vibrational and excitonic wavepacket motion is presented, based on the phase and amplitude relationships of oscillations of distinct peaks, which has been revealed using fundamental analysis of two-dimensional spectrum of two representative systems.
Density functional theory with adaptive pair density
Creators: name: Lorenzana, J.
name: Ying, Z. -J.
name: Brosco, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a density functional to find the ground state energy and density of interacting particles, where both the density and the pair density can adjust in the presence of an inhomogeneous potential. As a proof of principle we formulate an a priori exact functional for the inhomogeneous Hubbard model. The functional has the same form as the Gutzwiller approximation but with an unknown kinetic energy reduction factor. An approximation to the functional based on the exact solution of the uniform problem leads to a substantial improvement over the local density approximation.
Effect of the ratio between hydrophobic mesoporous silica (Aerosil®R812S) and water on the formation and physical stability of water-entrapped self-assembly particle
Creators: name: Boonyasittikul, Atsamaporn
name: Charnvanich, Dusadee
name: Chongcharoen, Wanchai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Computational Biology

description: Potential effect of the proportionality between Aerosil®R812S over the water on the formation of water entrapped self-assembly core-shell structure is the main aim of this studies. Self-assembly hydrophobic silica particle (SAHS) containing water was fabricated by abruptly incorporation of water into R812S. Five different weight percent of R812S were investigated in terms of the ability to form SAHS including their physical stability. The lowest ratio of 1% was not able to form SAHS. More than 2 up to 5% of R812S yielded core-shell structure of SAHS in the dry solid form. The smaller size of SAHS would be the result of higher level of R812S used. The finer the water droplet the more consume the silica particle used in order to gain stable SAHS. In terms of stability, they disclosed unacceptable qualities at 6 months of storage due to either remarkable phase separation or squeezing out of inner water core. It should be due to the thermodynamic driven forces that accelerated the movement of both water and silica shell to coalesce. In conclusion, the stable SAHS comprised of sufficient amount of R812S (more than 2% by weight) with water. It could be kept within short term period with acceptable properties.
Constraint on parity-violating muonic forces
Creators: name: Barger, Vernon
name: Chiang, Cheng-Wei
name: Keung, Wai-Yee
name: Marfatia, Danny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the nonobservance of missing mass events in the leptonic kaon decay $K \to μX$, we place a strong constraint on exotic parity-violating gauge interactions of the right-handed muon. By way of illustration, we apply it to an explanation of the proton size anomaly that invokes such a new force; scenarios in which the gauge boson decays invisibly or is long-lived are constrained.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures. Version to appear in PRL
Investigating the Efficacy of Corporate Social Responsibility from A Risk Management Perspective
Creators: name: Lu, Hao
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corporate Social Responsibility
subject: Firm Performance
subject: Risk Reduction Mechanism
subject: Risk
subject: Stakeholder Theory
subject: Business Administration

description: Should a profit-seeking firm invest its valuable resources in corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities? This question has been argued by academic scholars and practitioners for decades, yet current literature attempting to answer this question shows a great inconsistency in both theoretical arguments and empirical tests. Stemming from the instrumental stakeholder theory, the instrumental view of CSR justifies the intrinsic motivation of managers to contribute to the social wellbeing with economic benefit to shareholders. This dissertation attempts to contribute to the instrumental view of CSR from the risk management perspective.Through three essays I intend to answer the general research questions regarding how CSR impacts, and is impacted by, firm risk portfolio. The goal of this dissertation is to answer the following questions that lack theoretical and empirical understanding: (1) under what risk context do investors perceive CSR as value-enhancing, and under what risk context do they perceive CSR as value-destroying? (2) Can CSR impact firm risk “from inside out” rather than “from outside in”, i.e., Can CSR impact risk by influencing a firm’s risk management decisions rather than influencing stakeholder behaviours? (3) What is CSR’s impact on risk as a combination of ex-ante probability and ex-post severity?The findings of the first essay establish the contingencies that lead to a positive effect of the risk reduction mechanisms. Specifically, the results show that the risk reduction mechanism of CSR is only effective when a firm operates in a high-risk environment and/or have a high earning potential. The findings in the second essay expand the source of the risk reduction mechanism from external influence of stakeholder behaviour to internal influence of a firm’s own decision making. That is, CSR can reduce risk because it creates unique knowledge that will facilitate the adoption of an integrated risk management practice. The third essay contributes toiiithe current literature by integrating CSR’s impact on liability risk into a combined effect of ex-ante probability reduction and ex-post severity reduction, thus providing a holistic view of CSR’s impact on risk. Taken together, the three essays attempt to investigate when and how the risk reduction mechanism of CSR works. I hope this dissertation contributes to the current understanding of the efficacy of CSR from the risk management perspective and answers the call to extend theories in CSR.
Thermodynamics of Black Hole Horizons and Kerr/CFT Correspondence
Creators: name: Chen, Bin
name: Liu, Shen-xiu
name: Zhang, Jia-ju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the thermodynamics of the inner horizon and its implication on the holographic description of the black hole. We focus on the black holes with two physical horizons. Under reasonable assumption, we prove that the first law of thermodynamics of the outer horizon always indicates that of the inner horizon. As a result, the fact that the area product being mass-independent is equivalent to the relation $T_+S_+=T_-S_-$, with $T_\pm$ and $S_\pm$ being the Hawking temperatures and the entropies of the outer and inner horizon respectively. We find that the mass-independence of area product breaks down in general Myers-Perry black holes with spacetime dimension $d\geq6$ and Kerr-AdS black holes with $d\geq4$. Moreover we discuss the implication of the first laws of the outer and inner horizons on the thermodynamics of the right- and left-moving sectors of dual CFT in Kerr/CFT correspondence. We show that once the relation $T_+S_+=T_-S_-$ is satisfied, the central charges of two sectors must be same. Furthermore from the thermodynamics relations, we read the dimensionless temperatures of microscopic CFT, which are in exact agreement with the ones obtained from hidden conformal symmetry in the low frequency scattering off the black holes, and then determine the central charges. This method works well in well-known cases in Kerr/CFT correspondence, and reproduce successfully the holographic pictures for 4D Kerr-Newman and 5D Kerr black holes. We go on to predict the central charges and temperatures of a possible holographic CFT description dual to 5D doubly rotating black ring.
description: 29 pages; match published version
Self-Recoverable Dual Physically Cross-Linked Hydrogels Incorporating Hydrophobic Interactions
Creators: name: Liu, Xinyao
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Hydrogel
subject: Self-Recoverability
subject: Nanocellulose Crystal
subject: Hydrophobic Force.
subject: Chemistry--General

description: Over the past few years, self-recoverable hydrogels with desirable mechanical properties have attracted a lot of interests. However, the incorporating of hydrophobic force in hydrogel was not well studied to improve the mechanical properties of self-healing materials compared to electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding. In this study, a novel dual physically cross-linked (DPC) hydrogel with self-recoverability was mainly cross-linked and strengthened by hydrophobic interactions between the hydrocarbon chains C8 and C18, in addition to electrostatic and hydrogen bonding between N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAc) and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC). C18 alkyl chain was grafted to N-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl] methacrylamide (DMAPMA) to obtain hydrophobic monomer DMAPMA-C18. Hydrophobic CNC-C8was obtained by grafting C8 to the surface using silane chemistry. Then the DPCCNC-g-DMAc-DMAPMA-C18 (CNC DPC) hydrogels and CNC-C8-g-DMAc-DMAPMA-C18 (CNC-C8 DPC) hydrogels were prepared. The optimum CNC-C8 DPC hydrogel with 0.0675 w/v % DMAPMA-C18 and 0.4 w/v % CNC-C8 possessed excellent elongation of 4267.85%?1445.58%, nominal stress of 331.05?32.06 kPa, true stress of 14463.99?2939.98 kPa, compressive tress of 2822.77 kPa at the strain of 90%, facile self-recovery with tetrahydrofuran on the cut surfaces, as well as high water absorption ability of 19.87?0.64 g/g with well-retained shape.
Active learning for data streams: a survey
Creators: name: Cacciarelli, Davide
name: Kulahci, Murat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Online active learning is a paradigm in machine learning that aims to select the most informative data points to label from a data stream. The problem of minimizing the cost associated with collecting labeled observations has gained a lot of attention in recent years, particularly in real-world applications where data is only available in an unlabeled form. Annotating each observation can be time-consuming and costly, making it difficult to obtain large amounts of labeled data. To overcome this issue, many active learning strategies have been proposed in the last decades, aiming to select the most informative observations for labeling in order to improve the performance of machine learning models. These approaches can be broadly divided into two categories: static pool-based and stream-based active learning. Pool-based active learning involves selecting a subset of observations from a closed pool of unlabeled data, and it has been the focus of many surveys and literature reviews. However, the growing availability of data streams has led to an increase in the number of approaches that focus on online active learning, which involves continuously selecting and labeling observations as they arrive in a stream. This work aims to provide an overview of the most recently proposed approaches for selecting the most informative observations from data streams in real time. We review the various techniques that have been proposed and discuss their strengths and limitations, as well as the challenges and opportunities that exist in this area of research.
description: Published in Machine Learning (2023)
Ganthela venus Xu & Liu & Chen & Li & Kuntner 2015
Creators: name: Xu, Xin
name: Liu, Fengxiang
name: Chen, Jian
name: Li, Daiqin
name: Kuntner, Matjaž
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Liphistiidae
Ganthela
Ganthela venus

description: GANTHELA VENUS XU SP. NOV. (FIG. 9) Holotype Female (XUX-2013-160), Mount Wangjiang, Huangyang Village, Zhuangbian Town, Hanjiang District, Putian City, Fujian Province, China, 25.66°N, 118.88°E, 459 m a.s.l., 11 July 2013, collected by F.X. Liu, X. Xu, and Z. T. Zhang. No male found. Etymology Named after the Greek goddess of love, Venus. Diagnosis Females of G. venus sp. nov. can be distinguished from G. wangjiangensis sp. nov. by details in the genitalia, which have separated stalks on the anterior part (Fig. 9A, B). Ganthela venus sp. nov. furthermore differs from all other Ganthela species by the following unique nucleotide substitutions in the standard DNA barcode alignment: C (36), A (80), T (227), C (333), C (341), G (347), T (354), C (431), and T (539). Description Female (holotype). Carapace and opisthosoma light brown; tergites slightly dark brown; sternum narrow, length more or less twice of width; a few long pointed hairs running over ocular mound in a longitudinal row; chelicerae robust, with promargin of cheliceral groove with ten strong denticles of variable size; legs with strong hairs and spines; opisthosoma with 12 tergites, with tergites 2–6 larger than others, and with tergite 4 being largest; seven spinnerets. Measurements: BL 9.80, CL 4.38, CW 4.20, OL 5.6, and OW 5.00; ALE> PLE> PME> AME; palp 7.63 (2.50 + 1.31 + 1.65 + 2.17), leg I missing, leg II 8.49 (2.71 + 1.50 + 1.68 + 1.50 + 1.10), leg III 9.34 (2.52 + 1.58 + 1.56 + 2.30 + 1.38), and leg IV 13.70 (3.75 + 1.60 + 2.55 + 3.68 + 2.12). Female genitalia Posterior part of genital area W-shaped (Fig. 9A, B), with pair of receptacular clusters with short stalks on the anterior part of genital separated from one another (Fig. 9A, B). Distribution Fujian (Putian) Province, China. Remarks See comments under G. wangjiangensis sp. nov.
description: Published as part of Xu, Xin, Liu, Fengxiang, Chen, Jian, Li, Daiqin & Kuntner, Matjaž, 2015, Integrative taxonomy of the primitively segmented spider genus Ganthela (Araneae: Mesothelae: Liphistiidae): DNA barcoding gap agrees with morphology, pp. 288-306 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 175 (2) on pages 302-303, DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12280, http://zenodo.org/record/5338452
NMR Characterization of Sulphur Substitution Effects in the K(x)Fe(2-y)Se(2-z)S(z) high Tc Superconductor
Creators: name: Torchetti, D. A.
name: Imai, T.
name: Lei, H. C.
name: Petrovic, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an NMR study of the effect of S substitution in the high Tc superconductor K(x)Fe(2-y)Se(2-z)S(z) in a temperature range up to 250 K. We present NMR Knight shift and nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate 1/T1 data, and compare our results to that of the non-substituted system K(x)Fe(2-y)Se(2).
description: Typos fixed, figure replaced
Constraints on large scalar multiplets from perturbative unitarity
Creators: name: Hally, Katy
name: Logan, Heather E.
name: Pilkington, Terry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the constraints on the isospin and hypercharge of a scalar electroweak multiplet from partial-wave unitarity of tree-level scattering diagrams. The constraint from SU(2)_L interactions yields T <= 7/2 (i.e., n <= 8) for a complex scalar multiplet and T <= 4 (i.e., n <= 9) for a real scalar multiplet, where n = 2T+1 is the number of isospin states in the multiplet.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure. v2: refs added, minor additions to text, submitted to PRD
Improving high-order VEM stability on badly-shaped elements
Creators: name: Berrone, Stefano
name: Teora, Gioana
name: Vicini, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For the 2D and 3D Virtual Element Methods (VEM), a new approach to improve the conditioning of local and global matrices in the presence of badly-shaped polytopes is proposed. It defines the local projectors and the local degrees of freedom with respect to a set of scaled monomials recomputed on more well-shaped polytopes. This new approach is less computationally demanding than using the orthonormal polynomial basis. The effectiveness of our procedure is tested on different numerical examples characterized by challenging geometries of increasing complexity.
Compression-driven viscous fingering in a radial Hele-Shaw cell
Creators: name: Cuttle, Callum
name: Morrow, Liam C.
name: MacMinn, Christopher W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The displacement of a viscous liquid by a gas within a Hele-Shaw cell is a classical problem. The gas-liquid interface is hydrodynamically unstable, forming striking finger-like patterns that have attracted research interest for decades. Generally, both the gas and liquid phases are taken to be incompressible, with the capillary number being the key parameter that determines the severity of the instability. Here, we consider a radially outward displacement driven by the steady compression of a gas reservoir. The associated gas-injection rate is then unsteady due to the compressibility of the gas. We identify a second nondimensional parameter, the compressibility number, that plays a strong role in the development of the fingering pattern. We use an axisymmetric model to study the impact of compressibility number on the unsteady evolution of injection rate and gas pressure. We use linear stability analysis to show that increasing the compressibility number delays the onset of finger development relative to the corresponding incompressible case. Finally, we present and compare a series of experiments and fully nonlinear simulations over a broad range of capillary and compressibility numbers. These results show that increasing the compressibility number systematically decreases the severity of the fingering pattern at high capillary number. Our results provide an unprecedented comparison of experiments with simulations for viscous fingering, a comprehensive understanding of the role of compressibility in unstable gas-liquid displacement flows, and insight into a new mechanism for controlling the development of fingering patterns.
Structured Pruning for Deep Convolutional Neural Networks: A survey
Creators: name: He, Yang
name: Xiao, Lingao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The remarkable performance of deep Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is generally attributed to their deeper and wider architectures, which can come with significant computational costs. Pruning neural networks has thus gained interest since it effectively lowers storage and computational costs. In contrast to weight pruning, which results in unstructured models, structured pruning provides the benefit of realistic acceleration by producing models that are friendly to hardware implementation. The special requirements of structured pruning have led to the discovery of numerous new challenges and the development of innovative solutions. This article surveys the recent progress towards structured pruning of deep CNNs. We summarize and compare the state-of-the-art structured pruning techniques with respect to filter ranking methods, regularization methods, dynamic execution, neural architecture search, the lottery ticket hypothesis, and the applications of pruning. While discussing structured pruning algorithms, we briefly introduce the unstructured pruning counterpart to emphasize their differences. Furthermore, we provide insights into potential research opportunities in the field of structured pruning. A curated list of neural network pruning papers can be found at https://github.com/he-y/Awesome-Pruning . A dedicated website offering a more interactive comparison of structured pruning methods can be found at: https://huggingface.co/spaces/he-yang/Structured-Pruning-Survey .
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Lattice QCD simulation at finite chiral chemical potential
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Arata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral chemical potential does not cause the sign problem in the Monte Carlo simulation of lattice QCD. Using the chiral chemical potential, we study the chiral magnetic effect in two-flavor full QCD. We show that a strong external magnetic field induces an electric current in a chirally imbalanced QCD matter. The qualitative feature of the induced current is consistent with an analytical prediction.
description: Talk given at 29th International Symposium On Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2011), Squaw Valley, Lake Tahoe, California, USA, 10-16 Jul 2011
Competing Risk Analysis with Misclassified Covariates
Creators: name: Li, Ruoyu
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Misclassification in categorical variables and missing data can often occur concurrently in medical research. Though there has been extensive research on either topic, relatively little work is available to address both issues simultaneously, especially in survival analysis. In this thesis, we first propose a method for the competing risk analysis involving a latent categorical covariate where validation data is absent and the latent variable of interest is only measured subject to misclassification via a set of surrogate variables. We then extend it to a more general setting where the latent covariate is not measured by the same number of surrogate variables for all subjects.For example, the decision to be measured by additional surrogate variable depends on the available faulty measurements of the latent variable by preceding surrogate variables resulting in a sequential missing pattern among the surrogates. In both cases we apply direct approach in the analysis of competing risks focusing on the cumulative incidence functions of the event of interest and its competing events and adopt flexible parametric forms for the baseline cumulative incidence functions. We develop likelihood-based methods based on expectation-maximization algorithms and jointly model the competing risks, surrogate variables and latent covariate of interest. The procedures simultaneously allow estimation of the covariate effects on the event of interest, parameters in the baseline cumulative incidence functions, regression coefficients in the misclassification model and association between the latent covariate and other completely and precisely observed covariates. We evaluate the empirical performance of the proposed methods in simulation studies. We conclude that they outperform the naive and ad hoc approaches in both cases and are relatively robust to sample size, misclassification rate and missing proportion of the surrogate variables. Finally, we apply the proposed method to the stimulating study on breast cancer. Discussion and future work are outlined in the end.
Additional file 2: of Exploring the emergence and evolution of population patterns of leisure-time physical activity through agent-based modelling
Creators: name: Garcia, Leandro
name: Diez Roux, Ana
name: Martins, André
name: Yang, Yong
name: Florindo, Alex
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Parameters and values investigated in sensitivity analyses. (PDF 85 kb)
Dynamic In-Vivo Knee Cartilage Contact With Aging
Creators: name: Kupper, Jessica C.
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Aging
subject: Cartilage
subject: Contact Mechanics
subject: T2 Relaxometry
subject: High-speed Biplanar Videoradiography
subject: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
subject: Applied Mechanics
subject: Engineering--Biomedical
subject: Engineering--Mechanical

description: Joint contact mechanics are important to the study of cartilage health and disease. Risk factors such as aging are speculated to result in altered cartilage contact locations, magnitudes, and sliding velocities, leading to altered loading of typical cartilage contact and non-contact areas. Altered contact patterns are speculated to be an influential mechanism associated with osteoarthritis-related cartilage changes such as softening, stiffening, or swelling. It is unknown whether knee joint contact patterns differ in an asymptomatic aging population compared to their younger counterparts.This feasibility study aimed to enhance understanding of relations amongst contact mechanics, cartilage health, and functional status and aging. This work applied high-speed biplanar videoradiography and magnetic resonance imaging to non-invasively measure a weighted centroid (WC) of tibiofemoral cartilage contact during gait in participants between the ages of 20-30 years (n = 5), and 50-60 years (n = 5). Cartilage contact regions during walking were linked to cartilage-health imaging outcomes (i.e., T2 relaxometry).Assessment of techniques for calculating the WC revealed that interval-based weighting factors provided the optimal approach, showing low sensitivity to errors but high sensitivity to clinically relevant changes. In aging vs. younger participants, no significant differences were found in WC location (median difference between heel strike and first force peak of gait cycle: younger 5.21-9.69%, older 2.12-7.44%), sliding distance (at onset of terminal swing: younger 0.50-1.15 mm, older 0.74-1.84 mm), or phase plot slope (change in sliding velocity over the surface of the joint; for swing phase: younger 4.14-14.99 mm/s%, older 6.15-14.47 mm/s%). For the first time, a functional relationship was found between T2 relaxometry and the gait cycle with lower T2 values during stance compared to prior to terminal swing. No differences were detected (younger vs. older) in T2 relaxometry values (medial tibial compartment at first force peak of gait: younger 29.8-43.1 ms, older 31.0-37.6 ms). These findings could not support differences in contact mechanics in older asymptomatic tibiofemoral joints compared to younger joints. Nevertheless, some potentially atypical patterns in older participants provide motivation to better understand linkages amongst aging, contact mechanics and cartilage health status across the cartilage degeneration spectrum.
Dense Pixel-to-Pixel Harmonization via Continuous Image Representation
Creators: name: Chen, Jianqi
name: Zhang, Yilan
name: Zou, Zhengxia
name: Chen, Keyan
name: Shi, Zhenwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: High-resolution (HR) image harmonization is of great significance in real-world applications such as image synthesis and image editing. However, due to the high memory costs, existing dense pixel-to-pixel harmonization methods are mainly focusing on processing low-resolution (LR) images. Some recent works resort to combining with color-to-color transformations but are either limited to certain resolutions or heavily depend on hand-crafted image filters. In this work, we explore leveraging the implicit neural representation (INR) and propose a novel image Harmonization method based on Implicit neural Networks (HINet), which to the best of our knowledge, is the first dense pixel-to-pixel method applicable to HR images without any hand-crafted filter design. Inspired by the Retinex theory, we decouple the MLPs into two parts to respectively capture the content and environment of composite images. A Low-Resolution Image Prior (LRIP) network is designed to alleviate the Boundary Inconsistency problem, and we also propose new designs for the training and inference process. Extensive experiments have demonstrated the effectiveness of our method compared with state-of-the-art methods. Furthermore, some interesting and practical applications of the proposed method are explored. Our code is available at https://github.com/WindVChen/INR-Harmonization.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology (TCSVT)
The Context of Maternal and Child Health Services in Northwest Tanzania: Missed Opportunities for Preventing Maternal and Perinatal Mortality in Rural Communities
Creators: name: Konje, Eveline
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Maternal health
subject: Perinatal mortality
subject: Rural communities
subject: Developing countries
subject: Maternal health services
subject: Home delivery
subject: Facility delivery
subject: Antenatal care
subject: Postnatal care
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Social Sciences

description: The problem: In low- and middle-income countries, women and newborns are faced with premature death due to the lack of safe and timely antenatal, natal, postnatal and newborn care. In Tanzania, maternal and newborn mortality remains high. Health care across the maternal and child continuum of care is recognized to improve survival among women and newborns; however, there are significant differences between rural and urban areas in quality of services and utilization. The overall aim of this dissertation was to investigate the context of maternal and child health services for preventing maternal and perinatal mortality in rural communities in Geita district Northwest Tanzania. Methods: We conducted a prospective population-based study that involved 1714 pregnant women in their third trimester and followed them to 3-4 months postnatally. A mixed methods study design was utilized to capture quantitative and qualitative data. Different stakeholders, namely women, male partners, traditional birth attendants, community health workers, and nurses in charge of reproductive and child health units participated in focus group discussions and key informant interviews. STATA versions 13 and 15 were used to analyze quantitative data while NVIVO 12 was used for qualitative data. Conclusions: Maternal and child mortality rates in this rural area of Tanzania remained high and delivery at a health care facility is not associated with improved perinatal mortality. Early initiation and uptake of antenatal, natal, and postnatal care are not commonly practiced in this setting due to a complex set of factors at the individual, community, and health facility levels. Accessibility, availability, affordability, and acceptability of effective maternal health care remains a challenge among women in rural Geita district, Tanzania. Provision of effective services across the maternal continuum of care is hindered by lack of supplies, staffing, and inadequate infrastructure as well as sociocultural constructs related to gender roles and normative beliefs surrounding pregnancy and childbirth. These findings suggest that in this rural district in Tanzania there are missed opportunities to prevent maternal and infant mortality and morbidity, and improve maternal and child health outcomes, which could partly explain persisting high mortality among women and newborns.