cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: An alignment of diversity and energy models of ecosystems
Creators: name: Cousins, Stephen H
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1983

description: In this work the problem of incompatibility between diversity and energy models of ecosystems is investigated. Compatible models are developed by using species density measures for species diversity measurement and by adopting a new model of ecosystem energetics, the trophic continuum, based on plant structure, animal size and a detritus cascade. A combined, compatible measure is developed. This is the species density of a size class of a taxon. In generating the trophic continuum model an extensive critique of the trophic level concept is undertaken. Four published papers form the basis of the thesis and these are linked by a commentary. The commentary details how the papers are related. Paper 1 examines the properties of sample size independent measures of species diversity and concludes that sample size dependent measures, such as species density, are preferable for compatibility with energy models. Paper 2 develops a new model of ecosystem energetics, the trophic continuum, applicable to large (that is, many species) ecosystems. The model is defined by organisms harvesting resources from an environment. Thus the model has strong affinities with optimal foraging theory. This is developed in appendix 2. Animal size classes, a classification of plant products and of detritus, determine the resource state boundaries used in the trophic continuum. Paper 3 combines the approaches developed in papers 1 and 2 to examine the species density distribution of birds of different size classes using data from the UK atlas of breeding birds. This work shows that large birds are predominately found in the north of Britain and so has implications for the structure of food webs in different geographical areas. Paper 4 considers species density and species size distributions over a hypothesised gradient of environment patch size. It examines the distribution of birds and snail species of an urban area. Average species size declined towards the centre of the area as predicted. Papers 1,3 and 4 adopt the species density measure at different scales. In the commentary, possible counter examples to the trophic continuum are discussed, including the phenomenon of parasitism and the group behaviour of animals. Significant differences in the species diversity relationships between predators and prey compared to parasites and hosts are identified. Future research is indicated by appendices containing currently unpublished papers on Bergmann's rule as applied to an avifauna (appendix 1) and a mathematical model of the trophic continuum for large ecosystems (appendix 2). A poster paper illustrating the seed size distribution of part of the UK flora (appendix 3) shows biogeographical changes in one aspect of the plant structure sector of the trophic continuum model.
Propagator of the interacting Rarita-Schwinger field
Creators: name: Kaloshin, A. E.
name: Lomov, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain in analytical form the dressed propagator of the Rarita-Schwinger field taking into account all spin components and discuss shortly its properties.
description: 8 pages, LaTeX, REVTeX4, references and discussion added
The political economy of trade-related regulatory policy: environment and global value chain
Creators: name: Olper, Alessandro
name: Olper, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: endogenous policy
subject: environmental and food standards
subject: heterogeneous firms
subject: global value chains

description: This paper proposes a selective review of the political and economics literature on non-tariff measures (NTMs), with special emphasis on the so-called behind-the-border measures, such as environmental and food standards. We focus on both theory and existing empirical evidence. The complex issue of international trading rules over domestic regulatory standards, as well as the emerging role of outsourcing and global value chains, is also considered.
YOL - The Full Version: Directed by Şerif Gören
Creators: name: Karadoğan, Ali
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Şerif Gören, Yılmaz Güney, Yol, Yol - The Full Version

description: Şerif Gören'in yönettiği Yol filminin 2017'de yeniden kurgulanmış hali hakkında kısa bir değerlendirme.
Tripple-Bottom-Line Analysis : Sit-Stand Desks vs Regular Desks
Creators: name: Strickland, Brandon
name: Boutorabi, Neema
name: Wilk, Mike
name: Rodriguez, Mario
name: Detkov, Alexander
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: This project was originally assigned as part of UBC’s SEEDS sustainability program, an initiative whose vision is to help form collaborations between students and faculty on innovative projects that align with UBC’s values. The implementation of sit-stand desks throughout the University of British Columbia campus has been an area of interest for its faculties and governing bodies. Although a small number of desks have been installed in various faculties (Abigail Overduin, personal communication, March 29, 2016), no steadfast plan has been developed for a full-scale campus wide implementation. Others research tends to focus primarily on the health benefits of the sit-stand desk and falls short of a complete analysis, specifically using the triple-bottom-line (TBL) approach. This report provides a solution that encompasses a wide variety of factors from economic, social and environmental or TBL. Using this approach we were able to develop a balanced sit-stand desk execution plan without bias towards one of the latter three factors. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
COVID-19 Vaccine Intentions and Hesitancy among Healthcare Workers of a Multisite Academic Healthcare System: A Cross-sectional Study
Creators: name: DeYoung, Benjamin J.
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: COVID-19
subject: pandemic
subject: vaccine hesitancy
subject: vaccines
subject: public health messaging
subject: COVID-19 Vaccines
subject: Vaccination Hesitancy
subject: Health Personnel
subject: Cross-Sectional Studies
subject: Illinois--Chicago

description: Background: Vaccinations against SARS-CoV-2 infections have proved essential to both the reduction of morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 and the end of the pandemic. However, while the pandemics toll is vast, hesitancy to receive these safe and effective vaccines is a concerning trend that warrants further study in order to identify failures in the public health messaging framework. Surveillance of vaccine hesitancy was conducted early in the vaccine rollouts, among healthcare workers. The goal was to identify if healthcare workers (HCWs) who had higher risks for exposure and infection also had higher rates of vaccine hesitancy.Methods: Details of the study and recruitment techniques have been reported previously (Wilkins et al. 2021). HCWs were given a survey of vaccine intentions with possible responses of Yes, No, and Unsure. Surveys were completed from November 2020 to January 2021 and a sensitivity analysis was performed for the Emergency Use Authorization (EUA). Demographic, exposure, and serologic characteristics are presented, as well as multinomial logistic regression and adjusted/unadjusted odds ratios.Results: 4,180 HCWs reported 77.1% intention to be vaccinated, with 17.4% unsure and 5.5% reporting they would not be vaccinated. The number of unsure HCWs dropped following the EUA. Lowest odds for intentions were found among nurses, women, non-Hispanic Black, and 30-39-year-old HCWs. Significantly higher odds for intentions were found among physicians, men, Asians, and older HCWs.Conclusions: Disparities in vaccine intentions among these distinct groups is a concerning trend especially among those participating in patient care that could be better remediated through the use of earlier, robust public health messaging that targets hesitant individuals.
Large anomalous Hall effect in a hexagonal ferromagnetic Fe5Sn3 single crystal
Creators: name: Li, Hang
name: Zhang, Bingwen
name: Liang, Jinghua
name: Ding, Bei
name: Chen, Jie
name: Shen, Jianlei
name: Li, Zefang
name: Liu, Enke
name: Xi, Xuekui
name: Wu, Guangheng
name: Yao, Yuan
name: Yang, Hongxin
name: Wang, Wenhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we report an experimental observation of the large anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in a hexagonal ferromagnetic Fe5Sn3 single crystal with current along the b axis and a magnetic field normal to the bc plane. The intrinsic contribution of the anomalous Hall conductance sigma_AH^int was approximately 613 Ω-1 cm-1, which was more than 3 times the maximum value in the frustrated kagome magnet Fe3Sn2 and nearly independent of the temperature over a wide range between 5 and 350 K. The analysis results revealed that the large AHE was dominated by a common, intrinsic term, while the extrinsic contribution, i.e., the skew scattering and side jump, turned out to be small. In addition to the large AHE, it was found the types of majority carriers changed at approximately 275 and 30 K, consistent with the critical temperatures of the spin reorientation. These findings suggest that the hexagonal ferromagnetic Fe5Sn3 single crystal is an excellent candidate to use for the study of the topological features in ferromagnets.
description: accepted as a rapid communication in Phy. Rev. B
An empirical test of rational-emotive behavior therapy's unconditional self-acceptance theory
Creators: name: Chamberlain, John M.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology
classificationCode: 5205
subject: Social and personality psychology

description: Rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT) proposes that a key ingredient mental health is unconditional self-acceptance (USA), an outlook that entails the rejection of the pursuit of self-esteem. A novel measure of USA was employed in two studies which tested predictions regarding relationships between USA and other constructs relevant to mental health. In Study 1, 107 participants were recruited from a newspaper advertisement and completed several self-report questionnaire measures as well as a think-aloud measure of USA-related thought. In Study 2, 86 university undergraduates completed self-report measures and took part in a procedure that involved giving speeches, rating their own and each others' performances, receiving false negative feedback, and completing post-speech-and-feedback measures. Consistent with REBT predictions, with self-esteem scores partialled out, people who were more unconditionally self-accepting were found to be lower in anxiety, narcissism, the tendency to denigrate their critics, depression proneness, labile self-esteem, and higher in objectivity regarding their own performances. Contrary to REBT predictions, those higher in USA were not found to be significantly lower in current depressive symptoms, self-deception, impression management, or mood reactivity in response to negative evaluations of their behavior, nor were they found to be significantly higher in general happiness, the tendency to accept their failings and weaknesses in a variety of domains, USA-consistent thought content as produced during simulated negative-feedback situations, or the desire to try again after receiving negative feedback on an otherwise enjoyable task. Results were mixed regarding mood change in response to negative feedback. Implications for USA theory and directions for future research are discussed.
An empirical test of rational-emotive behavior therapy's unconditional self-acceptance theory
Creators: name: Chamberlain, John M.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT) proposes that a key ingredient mental health is unconditional self-acceptance (USA), an outlook that entails the rejection of the pursuit of self-esteem. A novel measure of USA was employed in two studies which tested predictions regarding relationships between USA and other constructs relevant to mental health. In Study 1, 107 participants were recruited from a newspaper advertisement and completed several self-report questionnaire measures as well as a think-aloud measure of USA-related thought. In Study 2, 86 university undergraduates completed self-report measures and took part in a procedure that involved giving speeches, rating their own and each others' performances, receiving false negative feedback, and completing post-speech-and-feedback measures. Consistent with REBT predictions, with self-esteem scores partialled out, people who were more unconditionally self-accepting were found to be lower in anxiety, narcissism, the tendency to denigrate their critics, depression proneness, labile self-esteem, and higher in objectivity regarding their own performances. Contrary to REBT predictions, those higher in USA were not found to be significantly lower in current depressive symptoms, self-deception, impression management, or mood reactivity in response to negative evaluations of their behavior, nor were they found to be significantly higher in general happiness, the tendency to accept their failings and weaknesses in a variety of domains, USA-consistent thought content as produced during simulated negative-feedback situations, or the desire to try again after receiving negative feedback on an otherwise enjoyable task. Results were mixed regarding mood change in response to negative feedback. Implications for USA theory and directions for future research are discussed.
title: A time delay ultrasonic imaging system
Creators: name: Davies, Colin J. S.
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1982

description: The design and construction of a time delay ultrasonic imaging system is described. After describing previous and existing methods of ultrasonic imaging, the probable advantages of relative simplicity in comparison with phased arrays, avoidance of side lobes, improved resolution and the disadvantages of ambiguity and distortion of the time delay system are discussed. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVF2) is used as a transducer material because its high damping enables one to produce single cycle ultrasonic pulses in water and its flexibility enables it to be formed into a curved surface. The properties of PVF2 as a transducer are examined both by library search and by practical experiment. Schlieren images are shown of the ultrasonic wave front emanating from PVF2. A system for imaging under water is designed that comprises one transmitting and four receiving transducers. These are made from PVF2 film on a cylindrical nylon backing, and construction methods are given. The system is controlled by a Rockwell AIM 65 desk top computer and the image is shown on a television screen. The design of both hardware and software is discussed, and methods are suggested for later improvement. The imaging system is demonstrated using four receiving transducers, and the improvement that can be achieved using more transducers is shown by simulating eight receivers. It is shown that, while the time delay system suffers from spurious images caused by ambiguities, it is free from the effect of side lobes because of the short pulse used. The design of a sectioned transducer that should reduce the number of ambiguities is outlined. In the system demonstrated, the image repetition period is two minutes, but with improved computation, this could be reduced to ten seconds or less. The problems envisaged in imaging in metal are discussed and methods of overcoming them are suggested.
Desmopachria lloydi Miller and Wolfe 2018, new species
Creators: name: Miller, Kelly B.
name: Wolfe, G. William
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Dytiscidae
Desmopachria
Desmopachria lloydi

description: Desmopachria lloydi Miller and Wolfe, new species
Zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 38EE2BE0-8A32-4ADB-9F9F-F03B257A5449 (Figs. 22–25, 72)
 Type Locality. Bolivia, Beni, El Porvenir Station NE San Borja.
 Diagnosis. This species has exceptional male genitalia (Figs. 22–25). The male median lobe is broad laterally and deeply bifid with the lateral rami distinctly asymmetrical with each ramus irregularly curved and twisted (Figs. 22, 23). The lateral lobes are bilaterally symmetrical with each lobe bifid (Figs. 24, 25). The dorsal ramus is abruptly curved dorsad, and the ventral ramus is evenly curved ventrad (Fig. 24). This species is pale with the head and pronotum evenly yellow and the elytron evenly brown. The broad, asymmetrical, highly modified male median lobe is completely unique within the D. nitida speciesgroup.
 Description. Measurements: TL = 1.7–1.8 mm, GW = 1.1–1.2 mm, HW = 0.6–0.7 mm, EW = 0.3 mm, TL/GW = 1.5, HW/EW = 2.1. Coloration: Head and pronotum evenly yellow. Elytron evenly brown. Head appendages, legs, and ventral surfaces yellow, darker on metacoxae and abdomen. Male genitalia: Male median lobe highly irregular and asymmetrical. In ventral aspect very broad, asymmetrical, deeply bifid with each ramus elongate, irregularly modified (Figs. 22, 23). Lateral lobe in lateral aspect broad medially, apically bifid, ventral ramus short, curved ventrad, dorsal ramus short, abruptly curved dorsad (Fig. 24); in ventral aspect broad, apical rami short and divergent (Fig. 25).
 Variation. Most of the specimens examined are teneral, and there is variation in intensity of the coloration of surfaces.
 Etymology. This species is named lloydi in honor of Dr. Michael S. Lloyd, MD.
 Distribution. The species is known only from the type locality in northern lowland Bolivia (Fig. 72).
 Habitat. Specimens were collected at lights.
 Type Material. Holotype in KUNHM, male labeled, “ BOLIVIA: El Beni El Porvenir Stn. NE of San Borja 6-9 August 1988 / BIOLAT SI/MAB Robert W. Brooks ex., at lights/ HOLOTYPE Desmopachria lloydi Miller and Wolfe, 2017 [red label with black line border].” Paratypes: Five labeled same as holotype except each with “… PARATYPE Desmopachria lloydi Miller and Wolfe, 2017 [blue label with black line border];” two labeled, “ BOLIVIA: El Beni Beni Stn., Palm Camp, NE of San Borja, 31 July 1988 / Robert W. Brooks ex., at lights BIOLAT-SI/MAB/…” and paratype label as above.
description: Published as part of Miller, Kelly B. & Wolfe, G. William, 2018, Nine New Species in the Desmopachria nitida Species-Group of the Neotropical Genus Desmopachria Babington, 1841 (Coleoptera: Adephaga: Dytiscidae: Hydroporinae: Hyphydrini), pp. 97-112 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 72 (1) on pages 105-106, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-72.1.97, http://zenodo.org/record/4836701
DEBT SERVICE RESERVE FUND (DSRF) AS A RESPONSE TO REPAYMENT RISK
Creators: name: Khoju, Madhab Raj
name: Khoju, Madhab Raj
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Financial Economics
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Debt Service Reserve Fund (DSRF) plan, proposed by Baker (1976), has appeal to both the borrower and the lender as a response to repayment risk. This plan proposes that the borrower and lender establish a pool of liquidity for the exclusive purpose of debt service. For implementation of this plan, DSRF size and other design specifications must be acceptable to both parties. Theo·retical models are developed to determine optimal DSRF sizes for the lender and the borrower. The application potential of the model is demonstrated in real lending situations. The sensitivity of the optimal DSRF sizes is also investigated with regard to distributional assumptions made on the stochastic returns generated from loan usage.
Correlated Disorder in the SYK$_{2}$ model
Creators: name: Lau, Pak Hang Chris
name: Ma, Chen-Te
name: Murugan, Jeff
name: Tezuka, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the SYK$_{2}$ model of $N$ Majorana fermions with random quadratic interactions through a detailed spectral analysis and by coupling the model to 2- and 4-point sources. In particular, we define the generalized spectral form factor and level spacing distribution function by generalizing from the partition function to the generating function. For $N=2$, we obtain an exact solution of the generalized spectral form factor. It exhibits qualitatively similar behavior to the higher $N$ case with a source term. The exact solution helps understand the behavior of the generalized spectral form factor. We calculate the generalized level spacing distribution function and the mean value of the adjacent gap ratio defined by the generating function. For the SYK$_2$ model with a 4-point source term, we find a Gaussian unitary ensemble behavior in the near-integrable region of the theory, which indicates a transition to chaos. This behavior is confirmed by the connected part of the generalized spectral form factor with an unfolded spectrum. The departure from this Gaussian random matrix behavior as the relative strength of the source term is increased is consistent with the observation that the 4-point source term alone, without the SYK$_2$ couplings turned on, exhibits an integrable spectrum from the spectral form factor and level spacing distribution function in the large $N$ limit.
description: 33 pages, 17 figures, minor changes, reference added
Fluorinated ligands to probe the binding of the O-polysaccharide of Vibrio cholerae 0:1 to antibodies
Creators: name: Chang, Huai-Chueh
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The internal parts of the O-antigen (O-specific polysaccharide, O-PS) of Vibrio cholerae O1, serotype Ogawa and Inaba are identical. They consist of (1→2)-linked moieties of 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy- a -D-mannopyranose (D-perosamine), the amino groups of which are acylated with 3-deoxy-L- glycero-tetronic acid. The Ogawa O-PS is terminated by a D-perosaminyl moiety whose O-2 is methylated. Cholera is lethal, infectious disease caused by bacterial pathogens of the Vibrio cholerae O:1 family. Systematic prevention of the disease has not been achieved because of lack of a protective vaccine. A part of our effort is directed towards development of a conjugate vaccine for cholera based on a synthetic carbohydrate antigen. Hydrogen bonding plays an important role in the recognition of carbohydrate antigens by their homologous antibodies. Understanding these phenomena is expected to provide structural criteria helpful in the design of a synthetic vaccine. The occurrence of hydrogen bonding interactions during binding can be probed by measuring ligand binding following hydroxyl group substitution by hydrogen. Cessation of binding of a ligand upon replacement of a hydroxyl group in it with hydrogen is indicative of involvement of that hydroxyl group in a critical hydrogen bonding interaction. Retention of binding following the OH → H substitution suggests noninvolvement of that hydroxyl group in binding. The source of hydrogen for such an interaction, the protein or the carbohydrate, can be deduced from binding/nonbinding following replacement of the same hydroxyl group with fluorine. The fluorine atom can not donate, but can accept hydrogen bonding. Thus, significant loss of binding following OH → F substitution in a ligand which had bound in its original form can be interpreted as hydrogen bond donation by the OH group which had been replaced. On the other hand, retention of binding, or only slightly diminished binding, indicates donation of hydrogen for hydrogen bonding interaction by the protein. Synthetic routes to analogs of the terminal tetronylated perosamine moiety of the O-PS of Vibrio cholerae O:1, specifically fluorinated at positions 2, 3, 2' and 4' have been explored. Various strategies have been applied to achieve introduction of the fluorine atom with the desired stereochemistry at a predetermined position in either a suitable derivative of 3-deoxy-L-glycero -tetronic acid or perosamine. The outlined chemistry produced seven out of the nine desired final compounds. All desired fluorinations were accomplished with the exception of the fluorination at the 3 position. Each final target compound involved a multi-step synthetic route. All new compounds were characterized by physicochemical constants and by NMR (1H and 13C) spectroscopy. NMR spectra was interpreted by first-order analysis, and where feasible, by two dimensional homo- and hetero-nuclear correlation experiments.
Collapsed Ricci limit spaces as non-collapsed $RCD$ spaces
Creators: name: Honda, Shouhei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this short note we provide several conjectures on the regularity of measured Gromov-Hausdorff limit spaces of Riemannian manifolds with Ricci curvature bounded below, from the point of view of the synthetic treatment of lower bounds on Ricci curvature for metric measure spaces.
description: Dedicated to Misha Gromov's 75th birthday
The associations between zinc levels and birth weight in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a matched cohort study in China - Supplementary materials
Creators: name: JIAJUN LUO
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111199 Nutrition and Dietetics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary material for the article entitled "The associations between zinc levels and birth weight in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a matched cohort study in China".
${\cal N}{=}\,4$ supersymmetric Calogero-Sutherland models
Creators: name: Krivonos, Sergey
name: Lechtenfeld, Olaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from the Hamiltonian formulation of supersymmetric Calogero models associated with the classical $A_n$, $B_n$, $C_n$ and $D_n$ series we construct the ${\cal N}{=}\,2$ and ${\cal N}{=}\,4$ supersymmetric extensions of the their hyperbolic/trigonometric Calogero-Sutherland cousins. The bosonic core of these models are the standard Calogero-Sutherland hyperbolic/trigonometric systems.
description: 1+6 pages; v2: to be published in PRD
title: A study of the nitrogen content of dune soils, with particular reference to the effects produced by the sea-buckthorn, Hippophae rhamnoides L.
Creators: name: Mason, Alan Leonard Frederick
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1986

description: The history of research into the chemistry of dune soils is reviewed, with particular reference to the presence of nitrogen compounds, and also the effects created by the nitrogen-fixing shrub, sea-buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides, L.). Problems associated with the colonization of sand dunes by Hippophaë were investigated in the main study, involving soil sampling at selected sites between December 1980 and November 1981 on the Norfolk coast near Hunstanton. Hippophaë scrub of different ages was chosen, and control sites were left undisturbed. At experimental sites thick polythene sheeting was buried below the surface sand to prevent the downward percolation of solubles. Subsidiary investigations were made of other coastal sites in Britain, some with, and some without, Hippophaë colonies. The soil samples were analysed principally for nitrate ion, but also for ammonium, phosphate, and carbonate ions. The investigations revealed that nitrate levels in dune soil are proportional to the age of the Hippophaë scrub. A seasonal variation in nitrate levels was observed, with peaks in April and September. A model nitrogen economy was proposed to account for this. Statistical tests revealed no significant differences between control and experimental sites suggesting that nitrate is derived principally from Hippophaë rather than the leaf litter or animal products, probably by routine disintegration of the root nodules. The subsidiary sites lacking Hippophaë colonies had no detectable nitrate, or very low levels (< 0.5 ppm) even when heather scrub (Studland Heath, Dorset) or hawthorn scrub (Daymer Bay, Cornwall) was present. This confirms the view that the nitrate detected at Hunstanton came from the Hippophaë scrub. Where Hippophaë was prolific (Gibraltar Point, Lincolnshire) the levels of nitrate detected were higher than at Hunstanton, even in the uncolonized sand of the beach, due possibly to the circulation of nitrates within the ground water of the dune system.
Lag Structures in Commodity Advertising Research
Creators: name: Lee, Jonq-Ying
name: Brown, Mark G.
name: Lee, Jonq-Ying
name: Brown, Mark G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: advertising
subject: decay effect
subject: cumulated effect

description: This paper examines basic assumptions about the lag structure of advertising. Evidence suggests for frequently consumed commodities, the lag structure is probably a monotonic decreasing function. Confusion may exist over what advertising variables to analyze and what shape the lag structure should take. Cumulative structure need to be differentiated from decay structures.
Predictions of mixed non-Gaussian cosmological density fields for the cosmic microwave background radiation
Creators: name: Andrade, Ana Paula
name: Wuensche, Carlos Alexandre
name: Ribeiro, Andre Luiz B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present simulations of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) power spectrum for a class of mixed, non-Gaussian, primordial random fields. We assume a skew positive mixed model with adiabatic inflation perturbations plus additional isocurvature perturbations possibly produced by topological defects. The joint probability distribution used in this context is a weighted combination of Gaussian and non-Gaussian random fields, such as: P(delta) = (1-alpha)f_{1}(delta) + alpha*f_{2}(delta), where f_{1}(delta) is a Gaussian distribution, f_{2}(delta) is a non-Gaussian general distribution, and alpha is a scale dependent mixture parameter. Results from simulations of CMBR temperature and polarisation power spectra show a distinct signature for very small deviations (~ 0.1%) from a pure Gaussian field. We discuss the main properties of such mixed models as well, their predictions and suggestions on how to apply them to small scale CMBR observations. A reduced chi^2 test shows that the contribution of an isocurvature fluctuation field is not ruled out in actual CMB observations, even in WMAP first-year sky map.
description: 28 pages, 13 PostScript figures, aas style. Accepted for publication in the ApJ (Feb 2004). Version accepted by the ApJ can be found in http://www.das.inpe.br/~alex/papers.html, just clicking in the paper's name
Integrating the management of socio-ethical factors into industry innovation: towards a concept of Open Innovation 2.0
Creators: name: Long, Thomas B.
name: Blok, Vincent
name: Long, Thomas B.
name: Blok, Vincent
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: responsible innovation
subject: open innovation
subject: climate-smart agriculture

description: To create a sustainable future, innovations are needed that integrate socio-ethical issues. Responsible innovation provides a method for managing these issues, and tries to ensure that innovation is conducted for and with society. The application of responsible innovation in industry contexts, where many of these innovations are developed, is limited by challenges related to dominant business logics, stakeholder management problems and resource constraints. Open innovation is an approach more commonly employed within industry contexts, which involves activities that overlap with responsible innovation dimensions and practices. This means that open innovation could represent a way to integrate the management of socio-ethical factors into industry contexts in a less disruptive and costly way. This paper explores the extent to which open innovation and responsible innovation overlap and could be compatible. Both open innovation and responsible innovation are reviewed theoretically before an empirical enquiry is launched through semi-structured interviews (n=11) with entrepreneurs developing innovations in the context of climate-smart agriculture in Europe. We find evidence for compatibility between exploratory open innovation activities and dimensions of responsible innovation. Results indicate that the management of socio-ethical issues through open innovation requires sensitivity to ethical issues and a motivation to include ethical considerations strategically in innovation processes. These findings are incorporated into a provisional extended open innovation model for the management of socio-ethical in industry contexts – an Open Innovation 2.0.
Coccinellini IN
Creators: name: Ali, Muhammad
name: Raza, Ghulam
name: Ali, Shaukat
name: Anjum, Syed Istiaq
name: Hussain, Ishtiaq
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae

description: KEY TO THE GENERA OF THE TRIBE COCCINELLINI IN SINDH PROVINCE, PAKISTAN  1. Pronotum with anterior margin medially convex............................................... 2
 1 ʹ. Pronotum with anterior margin medially arcuate................................................. 3
2. Mesosternum with anterior margin notched medially............................................. 4
 2 ʹ. Mesosternum with anterior margin straight medially............................................. 5
 3. Elytra with lateral margin strongly explanate externally; tarsal claw with triangular basal tooth.......................  Cheilomenes Dejean
 3 ʹ. Elytra with lateral margin weakly explanate externally; tarsal claw with subquadrate basal tooth...........................  Propylea Mulsant
 4. Tarsal claws cleft; postcoxal line present or absent; body elongated (1.7X longer than wide)...................  Hippodamia Chevrolat
 4 ʹ. Tarsal claws appendiculate or simple; postcoxal line present; body broadly oval (1.4X longer than wide)................................. 6
 5. Postcoxal plate with oblique dividing line......................................  Oenopia Mulsant
 5 ʹ. Poscoxal plate without oblique dividing line.........................  Micraspis Chevrolat
 6. Epipleuron horizontal externally; maxillary palp acute apically; postcoxal line extensively extended toward lateral margin................................................  Coccinella Linnaeus
 6 ʹ. Epipleuron descending externally; maxillary palp broad apically; postcoxal line slightly extended toward lateral margin; tibial spurs absent.......................  Harmonia Mulsant
description: Published as part of Ali, Muhammad, Raza, Ghulam, Ali, Shaukat, Anjum, Syed Istiaq & Hussain, Ishtiaq, 2018, The Tribe Coccinellini Weise (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Sindh, Pakistan, pp. 629-638 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 72 (3) on page 630, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-72.3.629, http://zenodo.org/record/4836836
Nonlinear Development of the Secular Bar-mode Instability in Rotating Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Ou, Shangli
name: Tohline, Joel E.
name: Lindblom, Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have modelled the nonlinear development of the secular bar-mode instability that is driven by gravitational radiation-reaction (GRR) forces in rotating neutron stars. In the absence of any competing viscous effects, an initially uniformly rotating, axisymmetric $n=1/2$ polytropic star with a ratio of rotational to gravitational potential energy $T/|W| = 0.181$ is driven by GRR forces to a bar-like structure, as predicted by linear theory. The pattern frequency of the bar slows to nearly zero, that is, the bar becomes almost stationary as viewed from an inertial frame of reference as GRR removes energy and angular momentum from the star. In this ``Dedekind-like'' state, rotational energy is stored as motion of the fluid in highly noncircular orbits inside the bar. However, in less than 10 dynamical times after its formation, the bar loses its initially coherent structure as the ordered flow inside the bar is disrupted by what appears to be a purely hydrodynamical, short-wavelength, ``shearing'' type instability. The gravitational waveforms generated by such an event are determined, and an estimate of the detectability of these waves is presented.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, refereed version, updated, for quicktime movie, see http://www.phys.lsu.edu/~ou/movie/fmode/new/fmode.b181.om4.2e5.mov
Micro Total Analysis Systems for the Monitoring of Cell Cultures
Creators: name: ESMA DERVISEVIC
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: 30199 Analytical Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 91009 Microtechnology
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Current methods used to monitor cell growth in a cell culture by means of metabolite detection are highly invasive. This is because they require to disrupt the cell culture process and take a sample of cells and/or large amounts of media to be analysed through a time consuming, complex, and expensive procedure. In this thesis, it is demonstrated that the developed new micro total analysis devices enable continuous and rapid analysis of dynamics of the cell culture media contents, e.g. glucose, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide, and physiochemical parameters, e.g. pH, in a non-invasive and user-friendly manner.
LISA Source Confusion
Creators: name: Crowder, Jeff
name: Cornish, Neil J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will detect thousands of gravitational wave sources. Many of these sources will be overlapping in the sense that their signals will have a non-zero cross-correlation. Such overlaps lead to source confusion, which adversely affects how well we can extract information about the individual sources. Here we study how source confusion impacts parameter estimation for galactic compact binaries, with emphasis on the effects of the number of overlaping sources, the time of observation, the gravitational wave frequencies of the sources, and the degree of the signal correlations. Our main findings are that the parameter resolution decays exponentially with the number of overlapping sources, and super-exponentially with the degree of cross-correlation. We also find that an extended mission lifetime is key to disentangling the source confusion as the parameter resolution for overlapping sources improves much faster than the usual square root of the observation time.
description: 8 pages, 14 figures
Valuing Environmental Quality Changes Using Averting Expenditures: An Application to Groundwater Contamination
Creators: name: Abdalla, Charles W.
name: Roach, Brian A.
name: Epp, Donald J.
name: Shortle, James S.
name: Abdalla, Charles W.
name: Roach, Brian A.
name: Epp, Donald J.
name: Shortle, James S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Public Economics

description: Public decision-makers require information on the benefits and costs of policies for groundwater quality protection. The averting expenditures method for valuing environmental improvements is examined and used to approximate the economic costs of groundwater degradation to households in a southeastern Pennsylvania community. Regression results indicate that averting expenditures vary with households' knowledge of contamination, perceptions of a contaminant's health risk and presence of young children in the household. The estimates obtained through averting expenditures analysis have a sound basis in theory and are of sufficient empirical magnitude that they merit consideration in federal, state and local groundwater policy decisions.
The Lean and Agile Multi-dimensional Process (LAMP) – a new framework for rapid and iterative evidence generation to support health-care technology design and development
Creators: name: Ni, Melody
name: Borsci, Simone
name: Walne, Simon
name: Mclister, Anna P.
name: Buckle, Peter
name: Barlow, James G.
name: Hanna, George B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Introduction: Health technology assessments (HTA) are tools for policymaking and resource allocation. Early HTAs are increasingly used in design and development of new technologies. Conducting early HTAs is challenging, due to a lack of evidence and significant uncertainties in the technology and the market. A multi-disciplinary approach is considered essential. However, an operational framework that can enable the integration of multi-dimensional evidence into commercialization remains lacking. Areas covered: We developed the Lean and Agile Multi-dimensional Process (LAMP), an early HTA framework, for embedding commercial decision-making in structured evidence generation activities, divided into phases. Diverse evidence in unmet needs, user acceptance, cost-effectiveness, and market competitiveness are being generated in increasing depth. This supports the emergence of design and value propositions that align technology capabilities and clinical and user needs. Expert opinion: We have been applying LAMP to working with medical device and diagnostic industry in the UK. The framework can be adapted to suit different technologies, decision needs, time scales, and resources. LAMP offers a practical solution to the multi-disciplinary approach. Methodologists drive the process by performing evidence generation and synthesis as and by enabling interactions between manufacturers, designers, clinicians, and other key stakeholders.
Rewarding responsible innovation when consumers are distant from producers: evidence from New Zealand
Creators: name: Dalziel, Paul
name: Saunders, Caroline
name: Tait, Peter
name: Saunders, John
name: Miller, Sini
name: Guenther, Meike
name: Rutherford, Paul
name: Driver, Tim
name: Dalziel, Paul
name: Saunders, Caroline
name: Tait, Peter
name: Saunders, John
name: Miller, Sini
name: Guenther, Meike
name: Rutherford, Paul
name: Driver, Tim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: credence attributes
subject: agri-food
subject: exports
subject: New Zealand

description: The concept of ‘responsible innovation’ is the subject of an expanding literature. As Vincent Blok and colleagues have recently analysed, practical issues undermine the adoption of responsible innovation in industry. These issues are intensified for agri-food producers who export a large proportion of their production to distant consumers, as is the situation in New Zealand. Even in this case, however, this study reports evidence that final consumers of agri-food products in five of New Zealand’s key export markets value credence attributes produced by responsible innovation and that this has the potential to increase returns to the country’s domestic producers. A national movement of New Zealand agribusiness leaders is pursuing this vision, but further research is needed to understand how responsible innovation can operate in global agribusiness value chains.
Intervals in the greedy Tamari posets
Creators: name: Bousquet-Mélou, Mireille
name: Chapoton, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15 (Primary) 06A07, 06A11 (Secondary)

description: We consider a greedy version of the $m$-Tamari order defined on $m$-Dyck paths, recently introduced by Dermenjian. Inspired by intriguing connections between intervals in the ordinary 1-Tamari order and planar triangulations, and more generally by the existence of simple formulas counting intervals in the ordinary $m$-Tamari orders, we investigate the number of intervals in the greedy order on $m$-Dyck paths of fixed size. We find again a simple formula, which also counts certain planar maps (of prescribed size) called $(m+1)$-constellations.
 For instance, when $m=1$ the number of intervals in the greedy order on 1-Dyck paths of length $2n$ is proved to be $\frac{3\cdot 2^{n-1}}{(n+1)(n+2)} \binom{2n}{n}$, which is also the number of bipartite maps with $n$ edges.
 Our approach is recursive, and uses a ``catalytic'' parameter, namely the length of the final descent of the upper path of the interval. The resulting bivariate generating function is algebraic for all $m$. We show that the same approach can be used to count intervals in the ordinary $m$-Tamari lattices as well. We thus recover the earlier result of the first author, Fusy and Préville-Ratelle, who were using a different catalytic parameter.
description: 24 pages
Developing Countries' Performance in High Value and Processed Agricultural Exports
Creators: name: Missiaen, Margaret
name: Burfisher, Mary
name: Missiaen, Margaret
name: Burfisher, Mary
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: High value products
subject: developing countries
subject: agricultural trade
subject: development

description: This study analyzes 35 developing countries' (LDCs) exports of high value and prncessed agricultural products (HVPs) during 1970-87, and the roles of supply and demand factors in accounting for their export performance. HVPs account for 83 percent of LDC agricultural exports. Processed exports have undergone the most rapid growth, and accounted for almost one-half of LDC high value exports in 1986-87. Developed countries remain LDCs' major HVP export market. LDCs' share of this market fell during 1970-87, although their share of developed country imports of highly processed HVPs increased. Domestic policies favorable to expmts distinguished successful from unsuccessful LDC exporters. Several of the most competitive LDC exporters also adopted policies that promoted exports of specific HVPs. However, favorable domestic conditions were not sufficient; strong developed country demand was also necessary for successful LDC HVP export performance.