cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spatial configuration, building microclimate and thermal comfort
Creators: name: Du, Xiaoyu
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2019

description: In this paper, the authors attempt to clarify the relationship between spatial configuration, building microclimate and thermal comfort through the investigation of a modern house in hot and humid climate with spatial diversity. First, the spatial configuration of the house was analysed in detail. The spatial geometric features, spatial boundary conditions, and human activities in the building were categorised. Secondly, field measurements were conducted to investigate the microclimate of the house. The air temperature, relative humidity and wind velocity were monitored on typical summer days. Thirdly, a dynamic thermal simulation was performed to predict the thermal comfort performance of the building over the period of an entire summer. The simulated results were compared with the measurements, and the adaptive thermal comfort approach was used to evaluate the thermal comfort. The modern house studied was found to have a varied spatial configuration, similar to local vernacular buildings, which produces diverse thermal environments in the building. The microclimate of this specific building could provide considerable thermal comfort for the occupants in summer under the local climate conditions, although thermal comfort cannot be achieved through free-running model in the hottest days, mechanical cooling or mixed model are needed.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 10 (2019): Space Design for Thermal Comfort and Energy Efficiency in Summer
Slow-light photonic crystal devices for high-speed optical signal processing
Creators: name: Brosi, Jan-Michael
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe
Year: 2009
Subjects: Photonic Crystal
Slow Light
Silicon Photonics
Electro-Optic Modulator
Optical Delay Line

description: This book discusses design, modeling, and the characterization of slow-light photonic crystal waveguides. Guidelines are developed to obtain slow-light waveguides with broadband characteristics and with low disorder-induced losses. Three functional devices are proposed and studied: A tunable dispersion compensator, a tunable optical delay line, and a high-speed electro-optic modulator. Optical and microwave measurements confirm the designs.
Investigation of airway access techniques in men's lacrosse with relation to helmet fit
Creators: name: Altier, Alexis
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2014

description: Objective: Determine effect of helmet fit (athletic trainer-AT vs. player-PF) and airway access technique (helmet removal-HR vs. facemask removal-FR) on cervical spine (C-spine) motion. Results: Interaction effect for integrated motion in frontal plane (F1,17= 8.052, P=0.011) and peak displacement in sagittal (F1,17= 12.336, P=0.003) and transverse planes (F1,17= 11.118, P= 0.004). Main effect of airway access technique in all planes for peak displacement and integrated motion; HR resulted in more motion than FR. Main effect of fit for transverse plane peak displacement and frontal plane integrated motion; AF resulted in more motion than PF. Conclusion: These findings suggest an increase in c-spine motion with HR compared to FR; HR is a faster method of airway-access. FR is the current guideline for airway access technique, but HR should be considered as a viable option, especially when time is important.
Local spectral statistics of Gaussian matrices with correlated entries
Creators: name: Ajanki, Oskari
name: Erdos, Laszlo
name: Krüger, Torben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B20 (Primary) 15B52 (Secondary)

description: We prove optimal local law, bulk universality and non-trivial decay for the off-diagonal elements of the resolvent for a class of translation invariant Gaussian random matrix ensembles with correlated entries.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1506.05098
Building microclimate and summer thermal comfort in free-running buildings with diverse spaces
Creators: name: Du, Xiaoyu
name: Bokel, Regina
name: Van Den Dobbelsteen, Andy
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2019

description: In this paper, the authors first clarify the definition of building microclimate in free-running buildings and the relationship with summer thermal comfort. Next, field measurements were conducted to investigate the microclimate in a Chinese traditional vernacular house. Subsequently, the results of measurements were compared with a dynamic thermal and a CFD simulation in order to determine the building microclimate and thermal comfort of the present vernacular house over the period of an entire summer. The field measurements show the present Chinese vernacular house has its own independent building microclimate in summer, which is in accordance with the main character of microclimate in terms of different distributions of solar gain, air temperature and wind velocity in different spaces. The simulation results of the vernacular house could be matched well with the field measurements. According to the simulations, at night, a comfortable temperature could be obtained throughout most of the summer period whereas in the daytime the operative temperature was higher than the comfortable temperature for one-third of the summer period. Wind velocity in the semi-outdoor and outdoor spaces however, improves the thermal comfort significantly. The thermal comfort environment can thus not only change in time but also in space. This example of the vernacular building shows that it is possible to create comfortable conditions for the inhabitants when not only the indoor climate is taken into account but the whole building microclimate as defined in this paper. This paper also shows that the simulations can predict the building microclimate.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 10 (2019): Space Design for Thermal Comfort and Energy Efficiency in Summer
Architectural spatial design strategies for summer microclimate control in buildings
Creators: name: Du, Xiaoyu
name: Bokel, Regina
name: Van Den Dobbelsteen, Andy
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2019

description: The objective of this paper is to clarify the spatial design strategies used to control the microclimate of a Chinese vernacular house in summer by comparing the building with modern Chinese rural houses and presenting ideas for contemporary architectural design practice. For this goal the spatial configuration, the spatial boundary conditions, the vegetation in the space and the human activity in the space were analysed for the vernacular house and for modern rural houses. Also, field measurements were conducted to evaluate the summer thermal environment in the vernacular and a modern house. The results show that the vernacular house has a diverse spatial design and a better building microclimate, making it easier to obtain thermal comfort than the modern houses. Therefore, spatial design strategies of Chinese vernacular houses are still of great value to modern house design, especially when the free-running thermal comfort theory is applied.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 10 (2019): Space Design for Thermal Comfort and Energy Efficiency in Summer
Modeling the Intergalactic Medium during the Epoch of Reionization
Creators: name: Lidz, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A major goal of observational and theoretical cosmology is to observe the largely unexplored time period in the history of our universe when the first galaxies form, and to interpret these measurements. Early galaxies dramatically impacted the gas around them in the surrounding intergalactic medium (IGM) by photoionzing the gas during the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). This epoch likely spanned an extended stretch in cosmic time: ionized regions formed and grew around early generations of galaxies, gradually filling a larger and larger fraction of the volume of the universe. At some time -- thus far uncertain, but within the first billion years or so after the big bang -- essentially the entire volume of the universe became filled with ionized gas. The properties of the IGM provide valuable information regarding the formation time and nature of early galaxy populations, and many approaches for studying the first luminous sources are hence based on measurements of the surrounding intergalactic gas. The prospects for improved reionization-era observations of the IGM and early galaxy populations over the next decade are outstanding. Motivated by this, we review the current state of models of the IGM during reionization. We focus on a few key aspects of reionization-era phenomenology and describe: the redshift evolution of the volume-averaged ionization fraction, the properties of the sources and sinks of ionizing photons, along with models describing the spatial variations in the ionization fraction, the ultraviolet radiation field, the temperature of the IGM, and the gas density distribution.
description: Book Chapter in "Understanding the Epoch of Cosmic Reionization: Challenges and Progress", Springer International Publishing, Ed. Andrei Mesinger, ISBN 978-3-319-21956-1
Rational cohomology tori
Creators: name: Debarre, Olivier
name: Jiang, Zhi
name: Lahoz, Martí
name: Sawin, William F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32J27, 32Q55, 14F45, 32Q15, 14E99

description: We study normal compact Kähler spaces whose rational cohomology ring is isomorphic to that of a complex torus. We call them rational cohomology tori. We classify, up to dimension three, those with rational singularities. We then give constraints on the degree of the Albanese morphism and the number of simple factors of the Albanese variety for rational cohomology tori of general type (hence projective) with rational singularities. Their properties are related to the birational geometry of smooth projective varieties of general type, maximal Albanese dimension, and with vanishing holomorphic Euler characteristic. We finish with the construction of series of examples.
description: Appendix by William F. Sawin
Stellar oscillations. II The non-adiabatic case
Creators: name: Samadi, R.
name: Belkacem, K.
name: Sonoi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A leap forward has been performed due to the space-borne missions, MOST, CoRoT and Kepler. They provided a wealth of observational data, and more precisely oscillation spectra, which have been (and are still) exploited to infer the internal structure of stars. While an adiabatic approach is often sufficient to get information on the stellar equilibrium structures it is not sufficient to get a full understanding of the physics of the oscillation. Indeed, it does not permit one to answer some fundamental questions about the oscillations, such as: What are the physical mechanisms responsible for the pulsations inside stars? What determines the amplitudes? To what extent the adiabatic approximation is valid? All these questions can only be addressed by considering the energy exchanges between the oscillations and the surrounding medium. This lecture therefore aims at considering the energetical aspects of stellar pulsations with particular emphasis on the driving and damping mechanisms. To this end, the full non-adiabatic equations are introduced and thoroughly discussed. Two types of pulsation are distinguished, namely the self-excited oscillations that result from an instability and the solar-like oscillations that result from a balance between driving and damping by turbulent convection. For each type, the main physical principles are presented and illustrated using recent observations obtained with the ultra-high precision photometry space-borne missions (MOST, CoRoT and Kepler). Finally, we consider in detail the physics of scaling relations, which relates the seismic global indices with the global stellar parameters and gave birth to the development of statistical (or ensemble) asteroseismology. Indeed, several of these relations rely on the same cause: the physics of non-adiabatic oscillations.
description: 90 pages, 36 pages, lectures notes, Ecole Evry Schatzman 2014 : asteroseismology and next generation stellar models, 28 Sep-3 Oct 2014 Roscoff (France)
Opioid antinociception and antihyperalgesia in combination with metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonism
Creators: name: Daugherty, Dana Elaine
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2010

description: Research has shown that the analgesic effects of mu-opioids can be enhanced by concurrent administration of drugs that target various sites within the glutamate system. To explore these effects, the present study examined the effects of a metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 1 (mGluR1) antagonist and a metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGluR5) antagonist in combination with morphine. These interactions were examined in two models of acute pain and one model of inflammatory pain. Selected doses of the mGluR1 antagonist JNJ16259685 (1.0 - 5.6 mg/kg) and the mGluR5 antagonist MPEP (30.0 mg/kg) enhanced morphine antinociception in both models of acute pain. Neither antagonist enhanced morphine-antihyperalgesia in the model of inflammatory pain; however, MPEP (10.0 mg/kg) did attenuate the antihyperalgesic effects of high doses of morphine. These results suggest that the interaction between the mGluR and opioid receptor systems depends on the assay used to examine these effects and the dose combinations examined.
A review of thermal comfort
Creators: name: Du, Xiaoyu
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2019

description: Thermal comfort is defined as “that state of mind which expresses satisfaction with the thermal environment” (ANSI/ASHRAE, 2017). The definition of thermal comfort leaves open as to what is meant by condition of mind or satisfaction, but it correctly emphasizes that the judgment of comfort is a cognitive process involving many inputs related to physical, physiological, psychological, and other factors (Lin & Deng, 2008). People are always in an internal or external thermal environment. The human body produces heat and exchanges heat with the external environment. During normal activities these processes result in an average core body temperature of approximately 37 °C (Prek, 2005). This stable core body temperature is essential for our health and well-being. Our thermal interaction with the environment is directed towards maintaining this stability in a process called “thermoregulation” (Nicol, Humphreys, & Roaf, 2012). Thermal comfort plays an important role in the energy consumption of buildings. So, researchers spent decades to find the appropriate approaches and models which evaluate and predict thermal comfort. A literature review of the current knowledge on thermal comfort shows two different approaches for thermal comfort, each one with its potentialities and limits: the heat-balance model and the adaptive model (Doherty & Arens, 1988). The heat-balance approach is based on analysis of the heat flows in and around the body and resulted in a model based on physics and physiology. Data from climate chamber studies was used to support this model. The best wellknown heat-balance models are the predicted mean vote (PMV) (Fanger, 1970) and the standard effective temperature (SET) (Gagge, Fobelets, & Berglund, 1986). The PMV model is particularly important because it forms the basis for most national and international comfort standards. The adaptive approach is based on field surveys of people’s response to the environment, using statistical analysis and leads to an “empirical” model (Nicol et al., 2012).
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 10 (2019): Space Design for Thermal Comfort and Energy Efficiency in Summer
Monitoring the water content evolution of dikes
Creators: name: Rings, Jörg
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe
Year: 2009
Subjects: hydrogeophysics
monitoring
electrical resistivity tomography
water content
modeling

description: The water content evolution of model dikes is monitored with geophysical methods. Water content changes are successfully quantified using electrical resistivity tomography. Numerical simulation of water flow in a dike model is used to estimate the variability of water content. Modeling of synthetic data sets is used to evaluate the quality of resistivity quantification using ERT. An ensemble approach is proposed to improve the interpretation of ERT inversions.
Guidance note: Onboarding an Interoperability Guideline to EOSC
Creators: name: Williams, Michelle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This document intends to complement the published EOSC Onboarding Team’s Onboarding Procedure for Interoperability Guidelines, to provide additional guidance for users in their efforts to onboard an Interoperability Guideline to the EOSC Portal for inclusion in the EOSC Interoperability Framework.
Recommendations
Creators: name: Oikonomopoulou, Faidra
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2019

description: Based on the main findings of this research, this chapter discusses the limitations of the applied research and provides recommendations for the further investigation of cast glass for structural members and systems.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 9 (2019): Unveiling the third dimension of glass
Vom Keim zum Kristall - Über die Partikelbildung bei der Fällung schwerlöslicher Feststoffe
Creators: name: Kucher, Martin
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe
Year: 2009
Subjects: Kristallisation
Fällung
Keimbildung
Aggregation
Produktgestaltung

description: Die Feststofferzeugung mit Hilfe von Fällungsprozessen kommt in der chemischen Industrie schon seit Jahrhunderten zum Einsatz. Die grundlegenden Vorgänge während einer Fällung sind aber bis heute noch wenig verstanden. Zur gezielten Einstellung diverser Produktparameter ist für den Anwender die Kenntnis der ablaufenden physikalisch-chemischen Vorgänge bei der Partikelbildung unabdingbar. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, Hinweise zu geben, wie Partikelbildungsprozesse beeinflusst werden können.
Conclusions
Creators: name: Oikonomopoulou, Faidra
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2019

description: This dissertation aims to explore the possibilities and constraints of employing cast glass for structural, self-supporting applications in architecture. This chapter summarizes and discusses the main outcomes of the dissertation. Initially, responses to the sub-research questions are given, presenting their particular findings. Based on the latter, a comprehensive answer to the main research question driving the research project is given. Recommendations for further developments in the field are given in Chapter 10.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 9 (2019): Unveiling the third dimension of glass
Formal Specification and Analysis of OpenJDK's BitSet class: Proof files
Creators: name: Tatman, Andy S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Formal specification
Java/JML
KeY
Formal verification

description: The project files for the bachelors thesis: "Formal Specification and Analysis of OpenJDK's BitSet class:". The files contain: The KeY 2.10.0 jar executable, which is the prover used in this verification. A PDF of the thesis. The original version of OpenJDK's BitSet class. Our edited version of the BitSet class, including formal specification and files necessary to load the code into KeY. A Proof folder containing: A number of completed proofs for simple methods from the BitSet class. Proofs of more complex methods from the BitSet class, including videos of these proofs being performed. Proofs for statements made in the thesis Proof goals and completed proofs for rules used in verification.
Experimental and numerical investigation of an interlocking system out of osteomorphic cast glass components
Creators: name: Oikonomopoulou, Faidra
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2019

description: The previous chapter concluded that blocks following an osteomorphic geometry are the most promising in respect to the principles of interlocking and glass casting. Moreover, interlayers of the polyurethane (PU) family are considered the most suitable for a building application, without compromising the transparency of the resulting structure. Based on these findings, this chapter aims at investigating the structural behaviour of an interlocking assembly employing osteomorphic blocks and PU as an interlayer. Initially, experimental research is conducted in different PU interlayers available in the market, aiming on finding one that fulfils the established design criteria and mechanical properties, as discussed in chapter 7.6. Different readily available two-component PU interlayers, with a Shore Hardness ranging between 60A – 80A, are cast to follow the osteomorphic interlocking geometry and are tested under static compressive load between two half osteomorphic kiln-cast glass blocks in series of 3 specimens and in 2 different thicknesses (3mm and 6mm). The results suggest that the tearing strength of the interlayer is as important as its Shore Hardness; whereas the geometry of the interlocking form can further influence the overall resistance of the assembly against tearing. They also highlight that insufficient contact (mismatch) of the interlayer with the glass blocks, due to dimensional deviations, can lead to the eventual failure of the assembly even under static load due to peak stresses that are further increased by the lateral stresses occurring due to the creep of the interlayer. From the examined interlayers, PU with a shore hardness between 70A – 80A, are considered as the most suitable for the further experimental validation of the assembly. Following, to investigate the influence of the interlocking mechanism to the structural behaviour of the proposed Thus, to further explore the influence of the most crucial geometrical aspects of the interlocking mechanism, namely the height and amplitude of the glass components, to the overall structural performance under shear a numerical model65 is made. In accordance with the output of the experimental validation, here an osteomorphic block with multiple locks is tested, considering a 4 mm thick 70A PU interlayer. The results of the numerical model indicate that bricks of reduced height are more susceptible to failure by bending, whereas with taller brick variants shear lock failure is more critical. It is also confirmed that an increased amplitude of the interlock can be beneficial as it leads to an increased shear capacity and lower uplifting effects. It is also shown that specimens with increased height reach the failure stress limit with considerably smaller deformations, thus, requiring a higher manufacturing precision.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 9 (2019): Unveiling the third dimension of glass
Interlocking cast glass components
Creators: name: Oikonomopoulou, Faidra
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2019

description: In this chapter a novel, reversible all-glass system consisting of dry-assembly, interlocking cast glass components is introduced that can tackle the irreversibility, strict tolerances and meticulous construction process of the adhesively bonded system presented in Chapters 5 and 6. Thanks to the interlocking geometry, the proposed system can attain the desired stiffness with the aid of minimal, if any, metal framing. The integrity and structural stability of the assembly is provided by the shape and the arrangement of the blocks themselves. The use of adhesives is obviated in the system by employing a dry, colourless interlayer as an intermediate medium between the glass components. The deformation of the interlayer can compensate for surface asperities and dimensional tolerances, allowing for an even stress distribution. Moreover, the dry-assembly enables the structure to be dis- and reassembled, which is critical for a circular economy in the built environment. Accordingly, this chapter lists the key considerations and establishes the design criteria for the development of interlocking cast glass structures. Based on the established criteria, various component geometries, forms and interlocking mechanisms are developed. The interlocking forms are kiln cast in 1:2 scale and are comparatively assessed in terms of mechanical interlocking capacity, mass distribution, residual stress generation and ease of fabrication. In parallel, a literature research is conducted on different materials for the dry, transparent interlayer, concluding that interlayers of the polyurethane family (PU and TPU) present the highest potential for a building application. From the developed designs, osteomorphic blocks are selected as the most promising concept to be further investigated.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 9 (2019): Unveiling the third dimension of glass
Learning by building
Creators: name: Oikonomopoulou, Faidra
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2019

description: Continuing from the experimental validation of the adhesively bonded system, this chapter presents the main challenges confronted and records the innovative solutions implemented during the consecutive construction steps of the adhesivelybonded cast glass façade. These include the manufacturing and quality control of the bricks, the set-up of the construction site, the levelling of the reference supporting beam, the bonding method used and the fabrication and installation of customized elements such as the architraves, window and door frames and the intermixing zone of glass with terracotta bricks. The experimental work on prototype elements, described in Chapter 5, resulted into the use of a colourless, UV-curing adhesive of the Delo Photobond family for bonding the solid glass blocks together. The tests indicated as well that the desired monolithic structural performance of the glass masonry system and a homogeneous visual result can only be achieved when the selected adhesive is applied in a 0.2-0.3 mm thick layer. In accordance, the bricks have to meet a strict dimensional tolerance of ± 0.25 mm. On the facade as a whole, this means that the overall size deviations will be limited to a few mm. The nearly zero thickness of the adhesive together with the request for unimpeded transparency introduced numerous engineering puzzles, addressed in this chapter. The fundamental difference between conventional brickwork and the developed glass masonry system is that a standard mortar layer compensates for the size deviations of the bricks, while the selected adhesive cannot. This manifests the level of complexity introduced by the manual bonding and the significance of constantly controlling the entire construction with high precision methods. Based on the conclusions of the research and the technical experience gained by the realization of the project, recommendations are made on the further improvement of the presented glass masonry system for future applications.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 9 (2019): Unveiling the third dimension of glass
Iran and the European Energy Union: Prospects, Developments, and Challenges for a New Natural Gas Partner in the European Energy Market
Creators: name: Emamian, Lily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: This thesis explores European energy policy with respect to Iran in the context of the European Energy Union and the European Commission’s mission to diversify and secure the EU’s supply of natural gas. The potential for Iran, a gas-rich nation and former EU fuel supplier, to accelerate the EU’s coordination of its institutions, Member States, and private stakeholders offers a litmus test for the Commission’s progress on the European Energy Union. The Commission’s ability to drive energy policy management and coordination remains a challenge, as the near-term interests of Member States and private stakeholders often diverge from the European Commission’s strategic energy objectives. Furthermore, the difficulties with coordination of a European energy strategy across Member States and need for increased investments in infrastructure are predicted to result in Iranian natural gas remaining a small part of the EU’s energy mix in the short to medium-term.
Complete genome sequence and construction of an infectious full-length cDNA clone of a cucumber vein yellowing virus (CVYV) isolate from Portugal
Creators: name: Cordes, K.
name: Maiss, E.
name: Winter, S.
name: Rose, H.
Publisher: name: Wien ; New York, NY : Springer
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: complementary DNA
subject: cell clone
subject: cucumber
subject: genetics
subject: plant disease
subject: Portugal
subject: Potyviridae
subject: Clone Cells
subject: Cucumis sativus
subject: DNA, Complementary
subject: Plant Diseases
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Cucumber vein yellowing virus (CVYV) is a member of the genus Ipomovirus in the family Potyviridae. In the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database, three complete genome sequences of CVYV isolates from Spain (NC_006941), Israel (KT276369), and Jordan (JF460793) are available. In this study, we report the complete sequence of an isolate of CVYV from Portugal (DSMZ PV-0776) along with the construction of an infectious full-length cDNA clone via Gibson assembly. The sequence of CVYV Portugal shows the closest relationship to a CVYV isolate from Spain (genome, 99.7% identity; polyprotein, 99.7% identity). The CVYV full-length cDNA clone was introduced by electroporation into Rhizobium radiobacter and infiltrated into the cotyledons of Cucumis sativus plantlets, resulting in symptoms resembling those of the wild-type virus. Transmission of the infectious CVYV full-length clone by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci was confirmed. This first report confirming the infectivity of a CVYV cDNA clone provides the opportunity to study gene functions in a consistent genomic background.
Influence of rhythmic contexts on perceived event duration: evidence from behavior and pupillometry
Creators: name: Lupiáñez, Juan
name: Martín-Sánchez, Paulina Del Carmen
name: Román-Caballero, Rafael
name: Mariagrazia Capizzi
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience and Neurobiology
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Abstract Rhythmic contexts are ubiquitous in our lives, influencing our behavior significantly. Music, dance, speech, and even natural events such as sea waves have an inherent temporal structure, understood as rhythms. The Dynamic Attending Theory (DAT) states that attention can be entrained to external rhythms, enhancing our behavior in terms of preparation (e.g.., faster responses) and/or perception (e.g., better discrimination). Notwithstanding the great influence of the DAT, several studies actually failed to observe entrainment effects in tasks measuring either accuracy or response speed. The present study aims to further explore this issue by trying to replicate a seminal work by McAuley and Fromboluti (2014), which confirmed the predictions of the DAT using an oddball auditory paradigm. Extending this original study, we will also incorporate eye-tracking measures of attention as well as measures of musical skills and spontaneous motor tempo to assess the role of individual differences in the supposed entrainment effects. Overall, we expect to replicate the original study by McAuley and Fromboluti (2014) and to provide complementary evidence about rhythmic entrainment that takes into account interindividual differences. Keywords Dynamic Attending Theory, rhythm, oscillation cycles, foreperiod effect, timing, eye-tracker, pupillometry
Integrating power plants with a full-scale converter into the superposition method for short circuit current calculations
Einbindung von Erzeugungsanlagen mit Vollumrichter in das Überlagerungsverfahren zur Kurzschlussstromberechnung
Creators: name: Schäkel, Nils
name: Hofmann, Lutz
Publisher: name: Wien [u.a.] : Springer
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: fault ride through
subject: full-scale converter
subject: initial short circuit current
subject: short circuit current calculation
subject: superposition method
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik

description: This article presents an expansion of the superposition method for short circuit current calculations to take the voltage-dependent fault ride through behavior of power plants with a full-scale converter into account. Furthermore, it shows the physical limits of the short circuit current contribution to the grid required by the German Technical Connection Rules. Exceeding these physical limits through the short circuit current contribution of power plants with a full-scale converter leads to convergence problems of the developed iterative short circuit current calculation method. In order to identify the power plants with an impermissible short circuit contribution, the permissible operating points depending on the short circuit voltage are derived. An illustrative short circuit current calculation shows the influence of the pre-fault load flow as well as the effects of an active current feed-in during the short circuit on the initial short circuit current.
description: In diesem Aufsatz wird eine Erweiterung des Überlagerungsverfahrens vorgestellt, um das spannungsabhängige Fault Ride Through-Verhalten von Erzeugungsanlagen mit Vollumrichter zur Berechnung des betriebspunktabhängigen Anfangs-Kurzschlusswechselstroms zu berücksichtigen. Zudem werden die physikalischen Grenzen des in den Technischen Anschlussregeln in Deutschland geforderten Kurzschlussstrombeitrags aufgezeigt. In dem entwickelten iterativen Kurzschlussstromberechnungsverfahren führt das Überschreiten der physikalischen Grenzen durch den Kurzschlussstrombeitrag der Erzeugungsanlagen mit Vollumrichter zu Konvergenzproblemen. Zur Identifikation der betroffenen Anlagen werden die zulässigen bzw. unzulässigen Betriebspunkte in Abhängigkeit von der Kurzschlussspannung hergeleitet. Eine exemplarische Kurzschlussstromberechnung zeigt den Einfluss des Vorfehlerzustandes der Erzeugungsanlagen mit Vollumrichter sowie die Auswirkungen einer Wirkstromeinspeisung im Kurzschlusszustand auf den Anfangs-Kurzschlusswechselstrom.
An adhesively-bonded cast glass system for the Crystal Houses façade
Creators: name: Oikonomopoulou, Faidra
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2019

description: Chapter 4 provided an overview of the three structural systems utilizing cast glass components in architecture, including a brief overview of the work presented in this dissertation. This chapter presents the design principles and experimental work for the first of the two systems explored in this work: a transparent, adhesivelybonded glass block system designed for self-supporting envelopes. The proposed system was developed for the Crystal Houses façade in Amsterdam, designed by MVRDV Architects. The system is exclusively constructed by solid cast glass blocks, bonded with DELO Photobond 4468, a colourless, UV-curing adhesive. This allows for a system of an increased transparency, sparing the necessity of an opaque substructure. In contrast with previous realized projects, solid soda-lime glass blocks are used rather than borosilicate ones. Initially, several architectural prototypes, comprising glass elements of different tolerance ranges, are built to evaluate the visual performance and the thickness of the adhesive that allows for an even spread. The prototypes indicate that a homogeneous bond thicker than 0.3 mm cannot be obtained by the selected adhesive due to the latter’s flow properties and low viscosity. Based on the adhesive’s optimum application thickness, it is determined that the glass blocks’ top and bottom surfaces should be flat within 0.25 mm for guaranteeing an even adhesive layer of the highest strength. The structural verification of the system is demonstrated by physical testing of prototypes in compression, 4-point bending, hard-body impact and thermal shock. Compressive tests on individual blocks highlight the need for proper detailing and uniform load distribution of the system. Compressive tests on columns made of adhesively bonded glass blocks further confirm that strict size tolerances are essential for maximizing the load-bearing capacity of the system: specimens with larger size deviations fail in considerably lower stress values than specimens with smaller size deviations. Furthermore, series of 4-point bending tests on adhesively bonded glass beams demonstrate that the chosen adhesive enables the glass brick wall to behave monolithically under such loading when the adhesive is applied in a constant layer of the optimum thickness. Overall, the results show that the adhesively bonded glass block structure can provide the required structural performance, but only if strict tolerances are met in the geometry of the glass blocks so that the chosen adhesive can be evenly spread in a constant thickness.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 9 (2019): Unveiling the third dimension of glass
Overview of realized examples in architecture using structural cast glass blocks
Creators: name: Oikonomopoulou, Faidra
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2019

description: In view of the meticulous and lengthy cooling process discussed in the previous chapters, in architectural applications solid cast glass components have been commercialized up to the size range of standard masonry bricks. Owing to their large cross-sectional area, solid glass bricks are promising structural components that can fully exploit glass’s compressive strength. By forming repetitive components, self-supporting, 3-dimensional all-glass structures of undisturbed transparency can be achieved. Nonetheless, at present, little and rather sporadic exploration has been made in the use of casting as a manufacturing method for structural glass in architecture. To a degree, this is attributed to the existence of only a few realized examples of self-supporting structures made of solid cast glass elements. The, so far, limited demand has in turn led to the absence of a standardized manufacturing process, to a lack of consistent engineering data and to a general unawareness of the potential of cast glass in structural applications in architecture. Currently, including the contribution of this dissertation, there are 3 structural systems employed for creating self-supporting structures out of cast glass components: (a) with a metal substructure, (b) adhesively bonded blocks, (c) interlocking glass blocks. The former two have been applied in real structures, whereas interlocking glass blocks are for the first time introduced as a building system through this dissertation. In this chapter, the 3 concepts are briefly presented, analyzed and evaluated in terms of manufacturing, structural system, level of transparency, ease of assembly and disassembly.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 9 (2019): Unveiling the third dimension of glass
Identity and conflict: the Roma in Central and Eastern Europe
Creators: name: Lurker, Renee
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The focus of this study is on relations between majority and Roma populations in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), the role of the European Union (EU) in minority rights, and the application of the theories of Realistic Group Conflict (RGCT) and Social Identity (SIT) to the Roma issue. A case study of countries in the CEE region is illustrative of Roma majority-minority relations. The majority of the countries in the CEE region passed the Copenhagen Criteria (CC) in minority rights, even though most of these countries did not change the way they treated the Roma. Therefore, violation of Roma rights in the CEE region continues despite the EU conventions and legislation, which in reality, does nothing to curb the prejudice and intolerance. RGCT and SIT explain why the people and the governments in this region are able to ignore Roma and minority issues.
Comparison of discontinuous damage models of Mullins-type
Creators: name: Ricker, Alexander
name: Kröger, Nils Hendrik
name: Wriggers, Peter
Publisher: name: Heidelberg [u.a.] : Springer
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Experimental validation
subject: Material modeling
subject: Mullins effect
subject: Rubber materials
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::690 | Hausbau, Bauhandwerk

description: The Mullins effect is a characteristic property of filled rubber materials whose accurate and efficient modelling is still a challenging task. Innumerable constitutive models for elastomers are described in the literature. Therefore, this contribution gives a review on some widely used approaches, presents a classification, proves their thermodynamic consistency, and discusses reasonable modifications. To reduce the wide range of models, the choice is restricted to those which reproduce the idealised, discontinuous Mullins effect. Apart from the theoretical considerations, two compounds were produced and tested under cyclic uniaxial and equibiaxial tension as well as pure shear. Based on this experimental data, a benchmark that compares the fitting quality of the discussed models is compiled and favourable approaches are identified. The results are a sound basis for establishing novel or improving existing rubber models.
The Voyage of the Argo and Other Modes of Travel in Apollonius' Argonautica
Creators: name: McPhee, Brian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: This thesis analyzes the Argo as a vehicle for travel in Apollonius’ Argonautica: its relative strengths and weaknesses and ultimately its function as the poem’s central mythic paradigm. To establish the context for this assessment, the first section surveys other forms of travel in the poem, arranged in a hierarchy of travel proficiency ranging from divine to heroic to ordinary human mobility. The second section then examines the capabilities of the Argo and its crew in depth, concluding that the ship is situated on the edge between heroic and human travel. The third section confirms this finding by considering passages that implicitly compare the Argo with other modes of travel through juxtaposition. The conclusion follows cues from the narrator in proposing to read the Argo as a mythic paradigm for specifically human travel that functions as a metaphor for a universal and timeless human condition.
Material compositions and production methods for solid cast glass components
Creators: name: Oikonomopoulou, Faidra
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2019

description: Glass can be made by different manufacturing processes and by numerous of varied recipes that in return provide the material with different properties. Owing to their workability in lower melting temperatures and the corresponding decreased manufacturing costs, soda-lime and borosilicate glass types are preferred for cast glass applications in structures. Glass can be cast in two ways: primary and secondary casting. In primary casting, glass is molten from its primary raw ingredients, whereas in secondary casting, solid existing pieces of glass are re-heated until the (semi-) liquid mass can flow and be shaped as desired. The main process of primary casting is hot-forming (melt-quenching) and of secondary casting is kiln-casting. The principal difference between the two methods, besides the initial state of glass, is the required infrastructure. In hot-forming, molten glass from a furnace is poured into a mould and is then placed in another, second furnace for annealing. In contrast, kiln-casting employs a single kiln for the melting of the (already formed) glass into the moulds and for the subsequent annealing process and requires lower operating temperatures. In both methods the annealing process is similar. The annealing schedule is influenced by numerous factors that cannot be easily simulated as a complex non-linear time dependent multi-variable analysis is required. As a result the annealing schedule of large 3-dimensional cast units is commonly empirical. Different mould types, disposable or permanent, can be used for casting glass objects. The choice of mould mainly depends on the production volume and desired level of accuracy of the glass product, and is in practice usually cost and time driven. Currently, there is no standard to determine the design strength of solid cast glass objects for structural applications in architecture. Based on the assumption that the increased volume of cast glass can lead to a higher amount of randomly distributed flaws in the mesostructure, the bending strength of cast glass is expected to be comparable but slightly less than that of standard float glass.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 9 (2019): Unveiling the third dimension of glass