Craugastor hobartsmithi
Creators: name: Jameson, Tom J. M.
name: Streicher, Jeffrey W.
name: Manuelli, Luigi
name: Head, Jason J.
name: Smith, Eric N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Craugastoridae
Craugastor
Craugastor hobartsmithi

description: <i>Craugastor hobartsmithi</i> (Taylor 1936) <i>Eleutherodactylus hobartsmithi</i> Taylor 1936:355. Holotype male (FMNH 100114) from ‘‘Uruapan, Michoacán, Mexico.’’ [Examined]. <i>Microbatrachylus hobartsmithi</i> (Taylor): Taylor 1940:501. <i>Craugastor hobartsmithi</i> (Taylor): Crawford and Smith 2005:536. <i>Microbatrachylus pygmaeus</i> Duellman 1961:34. [Misidentification]. <i>Craugastor pygmaeus</i> Ahumada-Carrillo et al. 2013:1338. [Misidentification]. <b>Diagnosis.</b> —Based on six specimens. Aspecies of <i>Craugastor</i> distinguished by the following combination of characters: (1) small adult sizes (males 11.3–15.2 mm, females ~ 16.7 mm; Table 5); (2) full ossification of most skeletal elements in adults, lacking ossification beyond Stage 4 (Table 3); (3) absence of vomerine odontophores; (4) absence of posterolateral projection of frontoparietal; (5) presence of a row of 4–6 rounded tubercles along outer edge, and 1–3 in mid upper eyelid; (6) supratympanic fold poorly developed; (7) face flank barred with or without distinctive canthal stripe; (8) one or two postrictal tubercles; (9) gular region peppered with melanocytes; (10) dorsal surfaces finely blotched, usually with dark interorbital bar and suprascapular ^-shape, some individuals with pale dorsal color and four stripes, paravertebral and lateral, originating at corners of eyes and ending above groin (lateral more prominent); (11) middorsal ridge (dark or background color); (12) mostly smooth dorsum or with just fine tubercles or folds toward back; (11) body flank darker anteriorly, around axilla, slightly tubercular; (14) inguinal glands present and axillary glands absent in adults; (15) when leg adpressed to body, heel reaches between anterior corner of eye and snout; (16) outer tarsal ridge with 4–6 rounded to slightly pointed tubercles, no raised fringe; (17) finger and toe tips round, finger tips slightly expanded, toe tips expanded; (18) similar sizes of inner and outer metatarsal tubercles. Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Herpetological-Monographs on 04 May 2022 <b>Comparisons.</b> — <i>Craugastor hobartsmithi</i> can be differentiated from <i>C. bitonium, C. mexicanus, C. montanus, C. omiltemanus, C. polaclavus, C. pygmaeus,</i> and <i>C. rubinus</i> by an inner metatarsal tubercle that is twice the size of the outer (these are similar sizes in <i>C. hobartsmithi</i>). It can be differentiated from <i>C. candelariensis</i> and <i>C. saltator</i> by the presence of vomerine odontophores (absent in <i>C. hobartsmithi</i>). It can be differentiated from <i>C. cueyatl</i> and <i>C. portilloensis</i> by the presence of posterolateral projections of the frontoparietal (absent in <i>C. hobartsmithi</i>). <b>Description.</b> —In previous literature, <i>C. hobartsmithi</i> has been described as small-bodied with pigmented gonads (Taylor 1936, 1940); presence of tubercles on the tarsus (Duellman 1961); two palmar tubercles (Lynch 1965); tarsus bearing a row of tubercles along its outer edge (Lynch 1970). Holotype (FMNH 100114) small male (13.5 mm); snout rounded and short (0.9 mm naris–snout; 6% SVL); short eye–nostril distance (1.18 mm; 8.7% SVL); tympanum 1.9 mm (14% SVL). We further examined two specimens of <i>C</i>. cf. <i>hobartsmithi</i> from coastal Michoacán (UTA A-66133–34; Fig. 25B and C) and noted the following characteristics: supratympanic fold terminating in two postrictal tubercles; finger length formula III &lt;IV <i>¼</i> II &lt;I; toe length formula IV &lt;III &lt;V &lt;II &lt;I; inner metatarsal tubercle and outer metatarsaltubercle equal size. <b>Distribution.</b> — <i>Craugastor hobartsmithi</i> occurs in the pine–oak forest of Michoacán. <i>Craugastor</i> cf. <i>hobartsmithi</i> occurs throughout western Mexico in low to intermediate habitats of Jalisco, Nayarit, Michoacán, Guerrero, and Sinaloa (Fig. 8; Hardy and McDiarmid 1969). FloresCobarrubias et al. (2012) reported <i>C. hobartsmithi</i> from Hostotipaquillo, Jalisco. García and Ceballos (1994) reported <i>C. hobartsmithi</i> from coastal Jalisco. The records of <i>C. pygmaeus</i> reported in Duellman (1961) and AhumadaCarrillo et al. (2013) are all likely <i>C. hobartsmithi</i> or <i>C</i>. cf. <i>hobartsmithi</i> because our molecular results indicate that <i>C. pygmaeus</i> does not occur west of Guerrero. Similarly, many iNaturalist (https://www.inautralist.org, accessed June 2019) accounts of <i>C</i>. cf. <i>hobartsmithi</i> are listed under <i>C. pygmaeus</i> —these accounts also suggest that <i>C</i>. cf. <i>hobartsmithi</i> is much more widely distributed in western Mexico than museum collections indicate. Downloaded From: https://bioone.org/journals/Herpetological-Monographs on 04 May 2022 <b>Phylogenetics.</b> — <i>Craugastor</i> cf. <i>hobartsmithi</i> was found to be the sister taxon of <i>C. rubinus</i> with strong support (ML <i>¼</i> 100; BAYES <i>¼</i> 1.0) in both the concatenated and separate mtDNA and nDNA analyses (Figs. 3, 4, and 5). The pairwise <i>P</i> -distances between <i>C</i>. cf. <i>hobartsmithi</i> and <i>C. rubinus</i> is 3.4% (Table 4); this is the smallest genetic distance between any species of the <i>C. mexicanus</i> series, suggesting recent divergence. <b>Remarks.</b> —The skull of <i>C. hobartsmithi</i> is similar to <i>C. montanus</i> and <i>C. pygmaeus,</i> with more posteriorly placed anterior suture of frontoparietal and prootic than in other species. We tentatively referred several museum collections to <i>C. hobartsmithi</i> (Fig. 8) as <i>C</i>. cf. <i>hobartsmithi</i> <i>,</i> but these should be further examined. The specimens of <i>C. pygmaeus</i> reported by Duellman (1961) from Arteaga, Michoacán, are referred to <i>C</i>. cf. <i>hobartsmithi</i> because we examined several <i>C. pygmaeus</i> from Oaxaca with tubercles on the outer edge of the tarsus rendering Duellman’s (1961) apomorphic character for <i>C. hobartsmithi</i> unreliable. <i>Craugastor hobartsmithi</i> may co-occur with <i>C. pygmaeus</i> in southcentral Guerrero (Figs. 6 and 8). The tissues of <i>C</i>. cf. <i>hobartsmithi</i> used in our phylogenetic analysis originated from Colima. Although we lack a voucher specimen for the tissue, the collector of the tissue (J. Reyes-Velasco) provided us with photographs of <i>C</i>. cf. <i>hobartsmithi</i> from Montitlan, near where the tissue was collected (Fig. 25E and F). One female specimen of <i>C. hobartsmithi</i> from near Uruapan (UMMZ 94230) had several intradermal trombiculid mites on its venter (Fig. 15D).
description: Published as part of <i>Jameson, Tom J. M., Streicher, Jeffrey W., Manuelli, Luigi, Head, Jason J. &amp; Smith, Eric N., 2022, Miniaturization in Direct-Developing Frogs from Mexico with the Description of Six New Species, pp. 1-48 in Herpetological Monographs 36 (1)</i> on pages 25-27, DOI: 10.1655/0733-1347-36.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6518587
description: {"references": ["Taylor, E. H. 1936 [1937]. New species of amphibia from Mexico. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 39: 349 - 363.", "Taylor, E. H. 1940. Herpetological miscellany No. I. University of Kansas Science Bulletin 26: 489 - 571.", "Crawford, A. J., and E. N. Smith. 2005. Cenozoic biogeography and evolution in direct-developing frogs of Central America (Leptodactylidae: Eleutherodactylus) as inferred from a phylogenetic analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 35: 536 - 555.", "Duellman, W. E. 1961. The amphibians of Michoacan, Mexico. Miscellaneous Publications of the University of Kansas Museum of Natural History 15: 1 - 148.", "Ahumada-Carrillo, I. T., J. C. Arenas-Monroy, F. A. Fernandez-Nava, and O. Vazquez-Huizar. 2013. New distributional records for the pygmy robber frog Craugastor pygmaeus (Terrarana: Craugastoridae) in western Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 84: 1338 - 1342.", "Lynch, J. D. 1965. A Review of the Eleutherodactylid Frog Genus Microbatrachylus (Leptodactylidae). Chicago Academy of Science, USA.", "Lynch, J. D. 1970. Taxonomic notes on some Mexican frogs (Eleutherodactylus: Leptodactylidae). Herpetologica 26: 172 - 180.", "Hardy, L., and R. McDiarmid. 1969. The amphibians and reptiles of Sinaloa, Mexico. University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History 18: 39 - 252.", "Garcia, A., and G. Ceballos. 1994. Guia de Campo de los Reptiles y Anfibios de la Costa de Jalisco, Mexico. Fundacion Ecologica de Cuixmala, A. C., Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico. [In Spanish.]"]}