cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Βρεφοκτονία-Ιατροδικαστικά ευρήματα
Creators: name: Κουτσούκης, Δημήτριος Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2022
Subjects: Παιδοκτονία
Βρεφοκτονία
Νεογνοκτονία
Filicide
Infanticide
Neonaticide

description: Παιδοκτονία, είναι η δολοφονία ενός παιδιού από τον γονέα του. Πρόκειται για ένα ανυπολόγιστο, πολυπαραγοντικό φαινόμενο - έγκλημα, με ποικίλες αιτίες και χαρακτηριστικά. Βρεφοκτονία, είναι όρος ο οποίος έχει ιατρονομικές συνέπειες και χρησιμοποιείται για την αφαίρεση ζωής, ενώ το θύμα έχει ηλικία έως 12 μήνες. Νεογνοκτονία, είναι όρος ο οποίος αφορά αφαίρεση ζωής, ενώ το θύμα βρίσκεται στις πρώτες 24 ώρες από τη γέννηση του. Η μέθοδος θανάτου που χρησιμοποιείται από αμφότερους του γονείς, είναι: τέμνοντα - νύσσοντα όργανα (μαχαίρωμα), διά πυροβολισμού – χρήση πυροβόλου όπλου, διά πρόκλησης ασφυκτικού θανάτου (πνιγμός - στραγγαλισμός - απόφραξη αεροφόρων οδών), διά φυσικής κακοποίησης (άμεσες πλήξεις - θλων αμβλύ όργανο-ξυλοδαρμός-πρόσκρουση μέσω ώθησης του θύματος σε ανένδοτες - σκληρές επιφάνειες, εξάντληση - ως επακόλουθο σεξουαλικής κακοποίησης και πολλαπλών πράξεων βασανισμού), babyshakensyndrom, δηλητηρίαση, αποφυγή φροντίδας τέκνου – παραμέληση (ασιτία – αφυδάτωση, υποθερμία,), εγκατάλειψη, απανθράκωση, εισπνοή καυσαερίων, ρίψη από παράθυρο - πτώση εξ’ ύψους, εγκαύματα (μέσω ρίψης καυτού υγρού ή επαφής σε πυρακτωμένη επιφάνεια), σκόπιμη ανάπτυξη ταχύτητας με όχημα για πρόκληση τροχαίου, παράσυρση με αυτοκίνητο
description: Filicide,is the murder of a child by a parent. It' s a unfathomable, multifaceted phenomenon - crime with varius causes and characteristics. Infanticide, has medicolegal implications and applies to the killing of a child, while the victim is under the age of 12 months. Neonoticide, is the murder of a child while the victime is on his /her first 24 hours of life. Method of murder used by both parents: sharp - stab object (stabbing), shooting - firearm, ashpyxia (drowing, straggulation, suffocation, smothering), physical abuse - maltreatment (blunt instrument - force, hitting-kicking - battering, banging the child against a hard object, exhaustion following sexual abuse and multiple acts of torture), baby shaken syndrom, poisoning, negligence (starving –dehydratation, hypothermia,), abandonment, arson - burn, exhaust fumes, defenestration, scalding, running over with the family car, running over the victim
Genderkompetenz als Schlüsselqualifikation
Creators: name: Metz-Göckel, Sigrid
name: Roloff, Christine
Publisher: name: Hochschuldidaktisches Zentrum der Technischen Universität Dortmund
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: 370

description: Journal Hochschuldidaktik ; 13. Jahrgang 2002 Heft 1
Nuclear response functions with finite range Gogny force: tensor terms and instabilities
Creators: name: De Pace, A.
name: Martini, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fully-antisymmetrized random phase approximation calculation employing the continued fraction technique is performed to study nuclear matter response functions with the finite range Gogny force. The most commonly used parameter sets of this force, as well as some recent generalizations that include the tensor terms are considered and the corresponding response functions are shown. The calculations are performed at the first and second order in the continued fraction expansion and the explicit expressions for the second order tensor contributions are given. Comparison between first and second order continued fraction expansion results are provided. The differences between the responses obtained at the two orders turn to be more pronounced for the forces including tensor terms than for the standard Gogny ones. In the vector channels the responses calculated with Gogny forces including tensor terms are characterized by a large heterogeneity, reflecting the different choices for the tensor part of the interaction. For sake of comparison the response functions obtained considering a G-matrix based nuclear interaction are also shown. As first application of the present calculation, the possible existence of spurious finite-size instabilities of the Gogny forces with or without tensor terms has been investigated. The positive conclusion is that all the Gogny forces, but the GT2 one, are free of spurious finite-size instabilities. In perspective, the tool developed in the present paper can be inserted in the fitting procedure to construct new Gogny-type forces.
Assessment of Hazards, Vulnerability, and Capacity for Disaster Prevention and Emergency Preparedness "in Addis Ababa
Creators: name: abreha, Mrnlugeta
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 1997

description: This community based descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Addis Ababa to assess hazards, vulnerability, and capacities for disaster prevention and emergency preparedness. The study was conducted in 720 households selected by multiple stage sampling from 30 Kebeles of which 647(90%) responded, and in 66 institutions of which 55(83.3 %) responded. The most frequent and most worrying hazards identified were !lood, tire, outbreak of diseases and car accidents. These four hazards had caused signilicant number of injuries, deaths, and a large amount of property losses in the past live years. The main factors of vulnerability identilied were: unemployment, monthly income below the minimum government wage salary, illiteracy, and housing crowdedness with difficult road access. The capacities for preparedness, as measured by awareness of causes and prevention methods, availability of resources, and presence of a preparedness plan were as follows: the majority of the respondents were aware of the causes and prevention methods for the identitied hazards, but the prioritization of concerns did not correspond to the extent of damage that the different hazards had caused. The Majority of the organizations claimed having various shortages of resources for response. Although most of the organizations had no written preparedness plans, minority did have a written preparedness plan which can be a good example to the rest. Overall, much needs to be done on disaster prevention and emergency preparedness as most organizations lack the capacities for preparedness. A number of measures can contribute to disaster prevention and emergency preparedness. These measures include: Public education through mass media on prevention and preparedness; strict traffic regulations enforced by traftic police; strict licence issuance system; construction of fiood protection walls; and strengthening the capacities of specilic service organizations for response and encouraging them to have a written preparedness plan.
An explicit volume formula for the link $7_3^2 (α, α)$ cone-manifolds
Creators: name: Ham, Ji-young
name: Lee, Joongul
name: Mednykh, Alexander
name: Rasskazov, Aleksey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27, 57M25

description: We calculate the volume of the $7_3^2$ link cone-manifolds using the Schläfli formula. As an application, we give the volume of the cyclic coverings over the link.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1607.08044
Controversies in Osteoporosis Treatment of Nursing Home Residents
Creators: name: Gilliam, M.A.
name: Colón-Emeric, C.
name: Hanson, L.C.
name: Berry, S.D.
name: Thorpe, C.T.
name: Niznik, J.D.
name: Lund, J.L.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2022

description: Osteoporotic fractures are a common and serious health problem for older adults living in nursing homes (NHs). Risk of fracture increases with age and dementia status, yet gaps in evidence result in controversies around when to start and stop treatment for osteoporosis in NH residents, particularly those who have high fracture risk but have limited life expectancy. In this article, we discuss these areas of controversy. We provide an overview of current guidelines that explicitly address osteoporosis treatment strategies for NH residents, review the evidence for osteoporosis medications in NH residents, and use these sources to suggest practical recommendations for clinical practice and for research. Three published guidelines (from the United States, Canada, and Australia) and several studies provide the current basis for clinical decisions about osteoporosis treatment for NH residents. Practical approaches may include broad use of vitamin D and selective use of osteoporosis medication based on risks, benefits, and goals of care. Clinicians still lack strong evidence to guide treatment of NH residents with advanced dementia, multimorbidity, or severe mobility impairment. Future priorities for research include identifying optimal approaches to risk stratification and prevention strategies for NH residents and evaluating the risk-benefit profile of pharmacologic treatments for osteoporosis NH residents across key clinical strata. In the absence of such evidence, decisions for initiating and continuing treatment should reflect a patient-centered approach that incorporates life expectancy, goals of care, and the potential burden of treatment.
title: PhD Studies in Russia
title: The Aspirantura
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Gerasimova, Julia
name: Pevzner, Vitaliy
Publisher: name: Hochschuldidaktisches Zentrum der Technischen Universität Dortmund
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 370

description: Journal Hochschuldidaktik ; 15. Jahrgang 2004 Heft 1
Interview mit Prof. Dr. Klaus Landfried, Präsident a.D. der HRK
Creators: name: Metz-Göckel, Sigrid
Publisher: name: Hochschuldidaktisches Zentrum der Technischen Universität Dortmund
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 370

description: Journal Hochschuldidaktik ; 15. Jahrgang 2004 Heft 1
Dealings with the firm of Dombey and Son, no. 01
Creators: name: Dickens, Charles, 1812-1870
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Social classes
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1122346
subject: Social conflict
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1122378
subject: Child abuse
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/854223
subject: Fathers and daughters
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/921890
subject: Dysfunctional families
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1728523
subject: Families
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1728849

description: Follows the fortunes of a shipping firm owner, who is frustrated at the lack of a son to follow him in his footsteps; he initially rejects his daughter's love before eventually becoming reconciled with her before his death. The original parts issued from October 1846 to April 1848. Chapters 1-4: Chapter 1. Dombey and Son -- Chapter 2. In which timely provision is made for an emergency that will sometimes arise in the best regulated families -- Chapter 3. In which Mr. Dombey, as a man and a father, is seen at the head of the Home-Department -- Chapter 4. In which some more first appearances are made on the stage of these adventures
Accurate De Novo Prediction of Protein Contact Map by Ultra-Deep Learning Model
Creators: name: Wang, Sheng
name: Sun, Siqi
name: Li, Zhen
name: Zhang, Renyu
name: Xu, Jinbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently exciting progress has been made on protein contact prediction, but the predicted contacts for proteins without many sequence homologs is still of low quality and not very useful for de novo structure prediction. This paper presents a new deep learning method that predicts contacts by integrating both evolutionary coupling (EC) and sequence conservation information through an ultra-deep neural network formed by two deep residual networks. This deep neural network allows us to model very complex sequence-contact relationship as well as long-range inter-contact correlation. Our method greatly outperforms existing contact prediction methods and leads to much more accurate contact-assisted protein folding. Tested on three datasets of 579 proteins, the average top L long-range prediction accuracy obtained our method, the representative EC method CCMpred and the CASP11 winner MetaPSICOV is 0.47, 0.21 and 0.30, respectively; the average top L/10 long-range accuracy of our method, CCMpred and MetaPSICOV is 0.77, 0.47 and 0.59, respectively. Ab initio folding using our predicted contacts as restraints can yield correct folds (i.e., TMscore>0.6) for 203 test proteins, while that using MetaPSICOV- and CCMpred-predicted contacts can do so for only 79 and 62 proteins, respectively. Further, our contact-assisted models have much better quality than template-based models. Using our predicted contacts as restraints, we can (ab initio) fold 208 of the 398 membrane proteins with TMscore>0.5. By contrast, when the training proteins of our method are used as templates, homology modeling can only do so for 10 of them. One interesting finding is that even if we do not train our prediction models with any membrane proteins, our method works very well on membrane protein prediction. Finally, in recent blind CAMEO benchmark our method successfully folded 5 test proteins with a novel fold.
Transitions in Xenes between excitonic, topological and trivial insulator phases: influence of screening, band dispersion and external electric field
Creators: name: Pulci, Olivia
name: Gori, Paola
name: Grassano, Davide
name: D'Alessandro, Marco
name: Bechstedt, Friedhelm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a variational approach, the binding energies $E_b$ of the lowest bound excitons in Xenes under varying electric field are investigated. The internal exciton motion is described both by Dirac electron dispersion and in effective-mass approximation, while the screened electron-hole attraction is modeled by a Rytova-Keldysh potential with a 2D electronic polarizability $α_{2{\rm D}}$. The most important parameters as spin-orbit-induced gap $E_g$, Fermi velocity $v_F$ and $α_{2{\rm D}}$ are taken from ab initio density functional theory calculations. In addition, $α_{2{\rm D}}$ is approximated in two different ways. The relation of $E_b$ and $E_g$ is ruled by the screening. The existence of an excitonic insulator phase with $E_b>E_g$ sensitively depends on the chosen $α_{2{\rm D}}$. The values of $E_g$ and $α_{2{\rm D}}$ are strongly modified by a vertical external electric bias $U$, which defines a transition from the topological into a trivial insulator at $U=E_g/2$, with the exception of plumbene. Within the Dirac approximation, but also within the effective mass description of the kinetic energy, the treatment of screening dominates the appearance or non-appearance of an excitonic insulator phase. Gating does not change the results: the prediction done at zero electric field is confirmed when a vertical electric field is applied. Finally, Many-Body perturbation theory approaches based on the Green's function method, applied to stanene, confirm the absence of an excitonic insulator phase, thus validating our results obtained by ab initio modeling of $α_{2{\rm D}}$.
Gate-independent energy gap in non-covalently intercalated bilayer graphene on SiC(0001)
Creators: name: Li, Yuanchang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our first-principles calculations show that an energy gap around 0.12-0.25 eV can be engineered in epitaxial graphene on SiC(0001) through the non-covalent intercalation of transition- or alkali-metals, yet originated from the distinct mechanisms. The former is attributed to the combined effects of metal induced perpendicular electric field and interaction while the latter is solely attributed to the built-in electric field. A great advantage of this scheme is that the gap size is almost independent of the gate voltage up to 1 V/nm, thus reserving the electric means to tune the Fermi level of graphene when configured as field-effect transistors. Given the recent progress in experimental techniques on the intercalated graphene, our findings provide a practical way to incorporate the graphene with the current semiconductor industry.
description: Accepted by Physical Review B
Properties and applications of distributions from the generalized exponential family
Creators: name: Martin., Vance L.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Synergy Between Hubble Tension Motivated Self-Interacting Neutrino and KeV-Sterile Neutrino Dark Matter
Creators: name: Dhuria, Mansi
name: Pradhan, Abinas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discrepancy between the value of Hubble constant measured by CMB observations and local low-redshift based observations has proposed many solutions which require the existence of Physics beyond Standard Model (SM). One of the interesting solutions is based on considering the strong self-interaction between Standard Model (SM) neutrinos through an additional scalar/vector mediator. Interestingly, the strong self-interaction between SM neutrinos also play an important role in obtaining KeV-sterile neutrino as a viable Dark Matter (DM) candidate through the famous Dodelson-Widrow mechanism. In this work, we have tried to find the synergy between the parameter space of active-sterile neutrino mixing vs mass of sterile neutrino allowed by Hubble tension solution and the requirement of getting KeV-sterile neutrino as DM candidate. Interestingly, we get a large amount of parameter space that is consistent with both the requirements and also free from X-Ray constraints. Finally, we have embedded this scenario in a consistent supersymmetric model of particle physics. In this framework, we have shown that the value of sterile neutrino mass, SM neutrino mass and the required mixing angle can be naturally obtained by considering the supersymmetry breaking scale to be around O(10) TeV. Thus, it would give an interesting testing ground for supersymmetry as well as signatures of Warm Dark Matter (WDM).
description: v2: 13 pages, 6 figures, 1 Table; Typos fixed and references added
Patterns of first-line targeted therapy utilization and adherence among older adults diagnosed with metastatic renal cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Chun, D.S.
name: Lund, J.L.
name: Tan, H.-J.
name: Hicks, B.M.
name: Peacock Hinton, S.
name: Hsu, C.D.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2022

description: Background: Despite the rapid approval of targeted therapies for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) evidence on real world treatment patterns remains limited. This study evaluated patterns of first-line targeted therapy utilization and adherence in older adults, a population with a high burden of RCC. Methods: 2093 patients aged ≥66 years with a primary diagnosis of mRCC were identified from United States (US)-based cancer registry and administrative claims data (2007–2015). We included only patients with de novo disease. We assessed the initiation of first-line targeted therapy within four months of diagnosis and persistence and adherence to targeted therapy, using the proportion of days covered (PDC). Multivariable logistic regression yielded adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to describe characteristics associated with targeted therapy versus no targeted therapy initiation and for high (≥80% PDC) versus low adherence. Results: 28.8% of patients received first-line targeted therapy within four months of diagnosis, with the proportion of patients receiving targeted therapy increasing over time. Older age (one-year increment OR:0.95 95%CI 0.93, 0.97), high comorbidity burden (OR:0.65 95%CI0.46, 0.93) and clear cell histology (OR:1.54 95%CI 1.19, 2.00) were associated with targeted therapy initiation. 48.2% of patients exhibited a high PDC to oral targeted therapy at 120 days, which was attenuated with inclusion of patients who died during the time period (34.2% PDC ≥80%). Conclusion: Increasing age, high comorbidity burden and non-clear cell histology were associated with decreased targeted therapy initiation among patients with de novo mRCC. Our findings suggest adherence to oral therapies was low; future research exploring the mechanisms and impact of low adherence in this older patient population is warranted.
Aircraft Skin Inspections: Towards a New Model for Dent Evaluation
Creators: name: Lafiosca, Pasquale
name: Fan, Ip-Shing
name: Avdelidis, Nicolas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Aircraft maintenance, repair and overhaul industry is gradually switching to 3D scanning for dent inspection. High-accuracy devices allow quick and repeatable measurements, which translate into efficient reporting and more objective damage evaluations. However, the potential of 3D scanners is far from being exploited. This is due to the traditional way in which the structural repair manual deals with dents, that is, considering length, width and depth as the only relevant measures. Being equivalent to describing a dent similarly to a box, the current approach discards any information about the actual shape. This causes high degrees of ambiguity, with very different shapes (and corresponding fatigue life) being classified as the same, and nullifies the effort of acquiring such great amount of information from high-accuracy 3D scanners. In this paper a 7-parameter model is proposed to describe the actual dent shape, thus enabling the exploitation of the high fidelity data produced by 3D scanners. The compact set of values can then be compared against historical data and structural evaluations based on the same model. The proposed approach has been evaluated in both simulations and point cloud data generated by 8tree's dentCHECK tool, suggesting increased capability to evaluate damage, enabling more targeted interventions and, ultimately, saving costs.
The Madden-Julian oscillation : role of air-sea interaction and the MJO-ENSO relationship
Creators: name: Marshall., Andrew G.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Dealings with the firm of Dombey and Son, no. 15
Creators: name: Dickens, Charles, 1812-1870
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Social classes
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1122346
subject: Social conflict
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1122378
subject: Child abuse
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/854223
subject: Fathers and daughters
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/921890
subject: Dysfunctional families
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1728523
subject: Families
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1728849

description: Follows the fortunes of a shipping firm owner, who is frustrated at the lack of a son to follow him in his footsteps; he initially rejects his daughter's love before eventually becoming reconciled with her before his death. The original parts issued from October 1846 to April 1848. Chapters 46-48: Chapter 46. Recognizant and reflective -- Chapter 47. The thunderbolt -- Chapter 48. The flight of Florence
Association of pre-hospital care and injury severity among road traffic injured patients admitted in Addis Ababa public hospitals Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Fekadu, Bethelhem
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Background: Globally, about 1.25 million people die every year due to road traffic related cases and as many as 50 million more are injured and it is a number one cause for the death among those aged 15-29 years. Ethiopia is one of the countries with the highest number of road traffic injuries in the world. Pre-hospital care play an important role in life support services. The present study was carried out to assess the association of pre-hospital care and injury severity for road traffic accident victims in Addis Ababa public hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A facility based cross sectional study design was used. Systematic random sampling was used to reach 391 road traffic injured patients from public hospitals.Both patient medical report and a structured questionnaire which is adopted from standardized tool from WHOwas used. Kampala Trauma Score II (KTS II) was calculated for the outcome variable injury severity and was ranked as severe injury and non-severe injury. Data was entered to Epidata 4.2 and exported and analyzed through Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.Descriptive analysis was conducted to determine with frequency, proportions and summary measure. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was used to identify the relation of independent predictors with the injury severity. The p value less than 0.05 was considered for statistical significance. Results: A total of 385 road traffic injured victims were included. Participants who scored severe injury were 22.9%. The male to female ratio was 2:1. The patient's ages range from 15- 80, with a mean of 32 and standard deviation of ± 12 years. Pedestrians (48.6%) who were travelling were the majority of road traffic crash victims. More than half of the patients did not get any kind of pre-hospital care before reaching to health facility. Frequently raised reasons for this were lack of equipment (50.6%) and poor knowledge (36.8%). People who had pre-hospital care were less likely to develop severe injury (AOR 0.4595% CI (0.24,0.842)). Additionally, age of the patient and being a driver significantly influenced injury severity score. Conclusion:Road traffic accident constitute major public health problem causing a burden in the health care system. Integrating pre-hospital care in the health care system also plays a major role in minimizing further damage caused by RTA.
JWST Discovery of Dust Reservoirs in Nearby Type IIP Supernovae 2004et and 2017eaw
Creators: name: Shahbandeh, Melissa
name: Sarangi, Arkaprabha
name: Temim, Tea
name: Szalai, Tamas
name: Fox, Ori D.
name: Tinyanont, Samaporn
name: Dwek, Eli
name: Dessart, Luc
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Brink, Thomas G.
name: Foley, Ryan J.
name: Jencson, Jacob
name: Pierel, Justin
name: Zsiros, Szanna
name: Rest, Armin
name: Zheng, WeiKang
name: Andrews, Jennifer
name: Clayton, Geoffrey C.
name: De, Kishalay
name: Engesser, Michael
name: Gezari, Suvi
name: Gomez, Sebastian
name: Gonzaga, Shireen
name: Johansson, Joel
name: Kasliwal, Mansi
name: Lau, Ryan
name: De Looze, Ilse
name: Marston, Anthony
name: Milisavljevic, Dan
name: O'Steen, Richard
name: Siebert, Matthew
name: Skrutskie, Michael
name: Smith, Nathan
name: Strolger, Lou
name: Van Dyk, Schuyler D.
name: Wang, Qinan
name: Williams, Brian
name: Williams, Robert
name: Xiao, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernova (SN) explosions have been sought for decades as a possible source of dust in the Universe, providing the seeds of galaxies, stars, and planetary systems. SN 1987A offers one of the most promising examples of significant SN dust formation, but until the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), instruments have traditionally lacked the sensitivity at both late times (>1 yr post-explosion) and longer wavelengths (i.e., >10 um) to detect analogous dust reservoirs. Here we present JWST/MIRI observations of two historic Type IIP SNe, 2004et and SN 2017eaw, at nearly 18 and 5 yr post-explosion, respectively. We fit the spectral energy distributions as functions of dust mass and temperature, from which we are able to constrain the dust geometry, origin, and heating mechanism. We place a 90% confidence lower limit on the dust masses for SNe 2004et and 2017eaw of >0.014 and >4e-4 M_sun, respectively. More dust may exist at even colder temperatures or may be obscured by high optical depths. We conclude dust formation in the ejecta to be the most plausible and consistent scenario. The observed dust is radiatively heated to ~100-150 K by ongoing shock interaction with the circumstellar medium. Regardless of the best fit or heating mechanism adopted, the inferred dust mass for SN 2004et is the second highest (next to SN 1987A) inferred dust mass in extragalactic SNe thus far, promoting the prospect of SNe as potential significant sources of dust in the Universe.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, submitting to MNRAS
A Graph-Algorithmic Approach for the Study of Metastability in Markov Chains
Creators: name: Gan, Tingyue
name: Cameron, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J22, 60J27

description: Large continuous-time Markov chains with exponentially small transition rates arise in modeling complex systems in physics, chemistry and biology. We propose a constructive graph-algorithmic approach to determine the sequence of critical timescales at which the qualitative behavior of a given Markov chain changes, and give an effective description of the dynamics on each of them. This approach is valid for both time-reversible and time-irreversible Markov processes, with or without symmetry. Central to this approach are two graph algorithms, Algorithm 1 and Algorithm 2, for obtaining the sequences of the critical timescales and the hierarchies of Typical Transition Graphs or T-graphs indicating the most likely transitions in the system {without and with} symmetry respectively. The sequence of {critical} timescales includes the subsequence of the reciprocals { of the real parts } of eigenvalues. Under a certain assumption, we prove sharp asymptotic estimates for eigenvalues (including prefactors) and show how one can extract them from the output of Algorithm 1. We discuss the relationship between Algorithms 1 and 2, and explain how one needs to interpret the output of Algorithm 1 if it is applied in the case with symmetry instead of Algorithm 2. Finally, we analyze an example motivated by R. D. Astumian's model of the dynamics of kinesin, a molecular motor, by means of Algorithm 2.
description: 46 pages, 17 figures
COVID-19 ЎТКАЗГАН ОНАЛАРДАН ТУҒИЛГАН ЧАҚАЛОҚЛАРДА ЛИМФА ТУГУНЛАРИДАГИ ЎЗГАРИШЛАР
Creators: name: Юлдашев, Б.С
name: Каримов, Р.Х
name: Джуманиязова, Н.С.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ушбу тезисда пандемия даврида туғилган чақалоқларнинг нима сабабдан нобуд бўлиши, ўлим кўрсаткичлари ўртасида айнан қайси касалликллар билан яъни организмдаги кайси аъзонинг етишмовчилиги сабаб бўлаётганлиги ўрганилган. Қолаверса чақалоқларнинг вазни, жинси, ёши, назологик жихатдан ёндашилган.
Cosmological Evolution in Bimetric Gravity: Observational Constraints and LSS Signatures
Creators: name: Bassi, Ajay
name: Adil, Shahnawaz A.
name: Rajvanshi, Manvendra Pratap
name: Sen, Anjan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bimetric gravity is an interesting alternative to standard GR given its potential to provide a concrete theoretical framework for a ghost-free massive gravity theory. Here we investigate a class of Bimetric gravity models for their cosmological implications. We study the background expansion as well as the growth of matter perturbations at linear and second order. We use low-redshift observations from SnIa (Pantheon+ and SH0ES), Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO), the growth ($fσ_{8}$) measurements and the measurement from Megamaser Cosmology Project to constrain the Bimetric model. We find that the Bimetric models are consistent with the present data alongside the $Λ$CDM model. We reconstructed the `` effective dark energy equation of state" ($ω_{de}$) and "Skewness" ($S_{3}$) parameters for the Bimetric model from the observational constraints and show that the current low-redshift data allow significant deviations in $ω_{de}$ and $S_{3}$ parameters with respect to the $Λ$CDM behaviour. We also look at the ISW effect via galaxy-temperature correlations and find that the best fit Bimetric model behaves similarly to $Λ$CDM in this regard.
description: 12 pages, Latex style with 12 figures, revised version with new references added
Spontaneous velocity alignment of Brownian particles with feedback-induced propulsion
Creators: name: Kopp, Robin A.
name: Klapp, Sabine H. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on Brownian dynamics simulations we study the collective behavior of a twodimensional system of repulsively interacting colloidal particles, where each particle is propelled by a repulsive feedback force with time delay $τ$. Although the pair interactions are purely isotropic we observe a spontaneous, large-scale alignment of the velocity vectors. This phenomenon persists for long times and occurs in the absence of steady-state clustering. We explain our observations by a combination of the effect of steric interactions yielding local velocity ordering, and the effect of time delay, that generates cluster dissolution, velocity persistence and velocity alignment over large distances. Overall, the behavior reveals intriguing similarities, but also differences, to that observed in models of active matter, such as active Brownian particles and the Vicsek model.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
A new member of Tau-class glutathione S-transferase from barley leaves
Creators: name: Mohabatkar, Hassan
name: Mohsenzadeh, Sasan
name: Saffari, Babak
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: barley
subject: detoxification
subject: glutathione
subject: glutathione S-transferase
subject: Tau-class
subject: 610

description: Glutathione S-transferase is a family of multifunctional detoxification enzymes which are mainly cytosolic that detoxify natural and exogenous toxic compounds by conjugation with glutathione. Glutathione, an endogenous tripeptide, is important as either a reducing agent or a nucleophilic scavenger. This molecule alleviates the chemical toxicity in plants by reaction of glutathione S-transferase, and its conjugates can be transported to vacuole or apoplast. The plant soluble glutathione S-transferases grouped today into seven distinct Phi, Tau, Zeta, Theta, lambda, dehydroascorbate reductase, and tetrachlorohydroquinone dehalogenase classes. In this study, bioinformatics analysis of glutathione S-transferase gene in barley was carried out using Tau-class of barley glutathione S-transferase sequences in NCBI GenBank and isolated sequence. DNA extraction, primer design, PCR, electrophoresis, column purification, DNA sequencing and analysis by some software led to identify new sequences of Tauclass of glutathione S-transferase from barley, which is similar to Tau GST of the diploid wheat. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences of the three barley GST genes showed that they have 99 % identity with each other but only 45 % identity with the new GST. This sequence was submitted to NCBI GenBank with FI131240 accession number.
description: EXCLI Journal ; Vol. 8, 2009
Surface-termination-dependent electronic states in kagome superconductors AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs) studied by micro-ARPES
Creators: name: Kato, Takemi
name: Li, Yongkai
name: Liu, Min
name: Nakayama, Kosuke
name: Wang, Zhiwei
name: Souma, Seigo
name: Kitamura, Miho
name: Horiba, Koji
name: Kumigashira, Hiroshi
name: Takahashi, Takashi
name: Yao, Yugui
name: Sato, Takafumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently discovered kagome superconductors AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs) exhibit exotic bulk and surface physical properties such as charge-density wave (CDW) and chirality, whereas their origins remain unresolved. By using micro-focused angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we discovered that AV3Sb5 commonly exhibits two distinct polar surfaces depending on the termination; electron- and hole-doped ones for the A- and Sb-termination, respectively. We observed that the kagome-derived band shows a clear splitting in the A-terminated surface while it is absent in the Sb-terminated counterpart, indicative of the polarity-dependent CDW at the surface. Close comparison of the band-dependent splitting reveals that the three-dimensional CDW structure of the K-terminated surface is different from that of the Rb- or Cs-terminated surface, suggesting the diversity of the CDW ground state. These results provide important insight into the origin of CDW in kagome superconductors AV3Sb5.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Decuplet baryons in a hot medium
Creators: name: Azizi, K.
name: Bozkir, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermal properties of the light decuplet baryons are investigated in the framework of the thermal QCD sum rules. In particular, the behavior of the mass and residue of the $Δ$, $Σ^{*}$, $Ξ^{*}$ and $Ω$ baryons with respect to temperature are analyzed taking into account the additional operators coming up in the Wilson expansion at finite temperature. It is found that the mass and residue of these particles remain overall unaffected up to $T\simeq150~MeV$ but, beyond this point, they start to diminish, considerably.
description: 12 Pages, 4 Figures and 3 Tables
Transverse spin angular momentum of space-time surface plasmon polariton wave packet
Creators: name: Ichiji, Naoki
name: Oue, Daigo
name: Yessenov, Murat
name: Schepler, Kenneth L.
name: Abouraddy, Ayman F.
name: Kubo, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In addition to longitudinal spin angular momentum (SAM) along the axis of propagation of light, spatially structured electromagnetic fields such as evanescent waves and focused beams have recently been found to possess transverse SAM in the direction perpendicular to the axis of propagation. In particular, the SAM of SPPs with spatial structure has been extensively studied in the last decade after it became clear that evanescent fields with spatially structured energy flow generate threedimensional spin texture. Here we present numerical calculations of the space-time surface plasmon polariton (ST-SPP) wave packet, a plasmonic bullet that propagates at an arbitrary group velocity while maintaining its spatial distribution. ST-SPP wave packets with complex spatial structure and energy flow density distribution determined by the group velocity are found to propagate with accompanying three-dimensional spin texture and finite topological charge density. Furthermore, the spatial distribution of the spin texture and topological charge density determined by the spatial structure of the SPP is controllable, and the deformation associated with propagation is negligible. ST-SPP wave packets, which can stably transport customizable three-dimensional spin textures and topological charge densities, can be excellent subjects of observation in studies of spinphotonics and optical topological materials.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Spin-flop transition accompanied with changing the type of magnetic ordering
Creators: name: Syromyatnikov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss theoretically rather rear example of spin-flop transition which is accompanied with changing the type of magnetic ordering and which seemingly has not been addressed yet. We demonstrate that changing the type of magnetic ordering can manifest itself in antiferromagnetic (AF) resonance experiments as an apparent peculiar switching of the anisotropy at the transition from the easy-axis type to the easy-plane one. We argue that this kind of spin-flop transition is observed recently by K.Yu. Povarov et al., Phys. Rev. B 87, 214402 (2013) in Cu(pz)$_2$(ClO$_4$)$_2$ (where pz denotes pyrazine), one of the best realizations of spin-1/2 Heisenberg AFs on square lattice having a very small anisotropy. We show that the magnetic ordering changes at the spin-flop transition in this material in the direction perpendicular to AF square planes. We examine the microscopic mechanism of such behavior in Cu(pz)$_2$(ClO$_4$)$_2$ and find that dipolar forces and extremely small exchange coupling between spins from neighboring planes are responsible for it.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
The coupling of Poisson sigma models to topological backgrounds
Creators: name: Rosa, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We extend the coupling to the topological backgrounds, recently worked out for the 2-dimensional BF-model, to the most general Poisson sigma models. The coupling involves the choice of a Casimir function on the target manifold and modifies the BRST transformations. This in turn induces a change in the BRST cohomology of the resulting theory. The observables of the coupled theory are analyzed and their geometrical interpretation is given. We finally couple the theory to 2-dimensional topological gravity: this is the first step to study a topological string theory in propagation on a Poisson manifold. As an application, we show that the gauge-fixed vectorial supersymmetry of the Poisson sigma models has a natural explanation in terms of the theory coupled to topological gravity.
description: 31 pages; v2: typos fixed, references added, version to appear in JHEP
Modular source for near-infrared quantum communication
Creators: name: Berra, Federico
name: Agnesi, Costantino
name: Stanco, Andrea
name: Avesani, Marco
name: Cocchi, Sebastiano
name: Villoresi, Paolo
name: Vallone, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a source of states for Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) based on a modular design exploiting the iPOGNAC, a stable, low-error, and calibration-free polarization modulation scheme, for both intensity and polarization encoding. This source is immune to the security vulnerabilities of other state sources such as side channels and some quantum hacking attacks. Furthermore, our intensity modulation scheme allows full tunability of the intensity ratio between the decoy and signal states, and mitigates patterning effects. The source was implemented and tested at the near-infrared optical band around 800 nm, of particular interest for satellite-based QKD. Remarkably, the modularity of the source simplifies its development, testing, and qualification, especially for space missions. For these reasons, our work paves the way for the development of the second generation of QKD satellites that can guarantee excellent performances at higher security levels.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Optical harmonic generation at exciton resonances in GaAs, GaN, and Cu 2 O semiconductors
Creators: name: Brunne, David Samuel
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: SHG
subject: THG
subject: GaAs
subject: CU2O
subject: GaN
subject: Si
subject: Exciton
subject: Nonlinear optics
subject: Semiconductor
subject: 530

description: Nonlinear optics is an important field of fundamental and applied research. The possibility of changing the wavelength of laser light led to many applications in both areas. The integration of optical frequency conversion techniques into semiconductors is an active field of research. Also the inference from observed optical nonlinearities on material properties was very successful and finally led to its own field of research. The high number of photons interacting in this processes offer more degrees of freedom compared to linear optics, since their relative polarization, wave vector and frequency can be tuned. The main focus of this thesis lies on optical second harmonic generation (SHG) and third harmonic generation (THG) in semiconductors. SHG and THG spectroscopy of several model semiconductors is presented. Especially sharp exciton resonances in the vicinity of the bandgap are investigated. The application of an external magnetic field gives rise to a multitude of exciton resonances, due to the formation of Landau levels of the valence and conduction band in GaAs. An electric field on the other hand gives rise to exciton resonances because of the mixing of states by the Stark effect. The microscopic mechanism responsible for the increase of SHG and THG from exciton resonances in external fields is given and supported further by multi-photon absorption measurements. Exciton resonances from all three exciton series (A,B, and C) are found with THG spectroscopy in GaN. The comparison to other measurements allows to identify strain in the material. In the semiconductor Cu2O SHG from excitons is found although it is not expected in the centrosymmetric structure. Possible microscopic mechanisms responsible for the observed resonances are discussed and investigated. Finally, the possibilities of SHG and THG spectroscopy in indirect band gap semiconductors is explored with Si and SiC.
Die Bedeutung der flexiblen Nutzung verschiedener Repräsentationen für das Lösen problemhaltiger Textaufgaben
Creators: name: Hohn, Katharina
name: Schnotz, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 510

description: Flexible Reaktionen auf Anforderungen des alltäglichen Lebens werden häufig als vorteilhaft und erfolgsversprechend erachtet. Dies trifft auch für den Bereich mathematischer Bildung zu. Betrachtet man bspw. das Lösungsvorgehen von Schülerinnen und Schülern bei der Bearbeitung mathematischer (Problem)aufgaben, so wird die flexible Nutzung verschiedener Repräsentationsformen häufig als bedeutsam für den Lösungserfolg diskutiert (z.B. Heinze, Star & Verschaffel, 2009). Nach wie vor gibt es jedoch wenig empirische Befunde zur flexiblen Nutzung von Repräsentationen. Die vorliegende Forschungsarbeit soll diesbezüglich etwas Licht ins Dunkel bringen.
Constructing and Constraining Wave Functions for Identical Quantum Particles
Creators: name: Sebens, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I address the problem of explaining why wave functions for identical particles must be either symmetric or antisymmetric (the symmetry dichotomy) within two interpretations of quantum mechanics which include particles following definite trajectories in addition to, or in lieu of, the wave function: Bohmian mechanics and Newtonian quantum mechanics (a.k.a. many interacting worlds). In both cases I argue that, if the interpretation is formulated properly, the symmetry dichotomy can be derived and need not be postulated.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures