Manota hamulata Colless
Creators: name: Hippa, Heikki
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Mycetophilidae
Manota
Manota hamulata

description: Manota hamulata Colless
(Figs 16 A–D)
Manota hamulata Colless, 1966: 656.
A small-sized Manota.
Male. Coloration. Pale yellowish-brown, frons, vertex and occiput darker brown, mouthparts and legs paler than other parts, wing unicolorous, knob of haltere black. Head. Antennal flagellomere 4, Fig. 16 D. Palpomere 3 of maxillary palpus with apicomesial extension, with 5 apically expanded curved sensilla; palpomere 4 with parasegment. Thorax. Pleural setosity pattern similar to M. bicuspis, Fig. 1 E: anepisternum setose, with 39–69 setae; anterior basalare non-setose; preepisternum 2 setose, with 9–27 setae; laterotergite setose, with ca. 22–30 setae; episternum 3 setose, with ca. 5–26 setae. Wing. Length 1.4 mm. Hypopygium (Figs 16 A–C). Sternite 9 extending posteriorly near to the level of the gonostylar base, sharply delimited laterally, posterior margin convex, medially acuminate, anterior margin deeply incised, the setae similar to adjacent ventral setae of gonocoxa. Parastylar lobe well exposed in ventral view, with a large lobe directed obliquely posteriorly and two lobe-like expansions at base, with one seta at the apex of the large lobe and two setae more basally on the dorsal side of that lobe, one of these two setae more anterior and one more posterior. Paraapodemal lobe exposed in ventral view, not drawn in Fig. 16 A, similar to M. parilis, Fig. 18 A. The dorsal mesial margin of gonocoxa with a large rounded setose lobe at the middle and a large broad lobe apically with a few rather strong setae on mesial margin and with two or three long setae arising from the ventral surface. Two juxtagonostylar setae present, a curved megaseta and a strong seta, both arising from a common basal body which is longer than the megaseta, the megaseta at the apex of the basal body, the seta more basal in position. Gonostylus laterally flattened, the dorsal and ventral surfaces very narrow, in lateral view the gonostylus subtriangular with a narrow basal part and a broad apical part, the apicodorsal margin very indistinctly lobed, the setae on dorsal, lateral and ventral faces similar to ventral hairs of gonocoxa, the apical margin of gonostylus with a row of setae directed mesad with the two or three most dorsal setae thicker than the others but not conspicuously so, the mesial face of gonostylus non-setose and without prominent microtrichia. Tegmen elongate-triangular, without distinct lateral shoulders. Hypoproct posteriorly extending to the level of the base of gonostylus, with ca. 20 long scattered ventral setae on each half. Cerci separate.
Female and preimaginal stages unknown.
Discussion. M. hamulata was described from the Caroline Islands, Palau Islands: the holotype male from Angaur Island and a paratype male each from Babelthuap Island and Malakal Island, but it has not been recorded since. I have not studied the type-material, but the excellent description by Colless (1966) leaves scarcely any doubt as to the conspecifity of my present New Guinea specimens: The hypopygium is similar and the unusually shaped and complex parastylar lobe is exactly the same in the New Guinea specimens as in Colless’ drawing.
The specimens from Tekadu differ from the other specimens by having three, not two, stronger setae dorsally at the apical margin of gonostylus. They may represent a new species, but the rather poor mounts do not permit a detailed analysis to be made.
M. hamulata is similar to M. bicuspis. It is distinguished as follows: 1) The parastylar lobe has two small lobes at the base of the long main part and the latter is slightly constricted at the base, but in M. bicuspis there is only one inconspicuous smaller lobe at the base of the parallel-sided main part. The shape of the parastylar lobe is somewhat sensitive to its position in the mount and the more dorsal of the two small basal lobes may be difficult to observe when the tip of the large lobe is moved in a dorsal direction from the position shown in Fig. 16 A. 2) The two or three enlarged setae mesially at the dorsal part of the apical margin of gonostylus are relatively weak, not much stronger than the unmodified setae on the same margin, and they do not arise from a distinct small lobe, but in M. bicuspis the setae are conspicuously stronger than the other setae on the margin and they arise from a distinct small lobe. 3) The row of setae at the above-mentioned margin of gonostylus is contiguous instead of being interrupted by a gap ventral of the stronger setae, and the setae are rather wide apart so that the distance between them is longer than the diameter of their sockets, unlike M. bicuspis in which the distance is only one socket wide or shorter. 4) The lobe at the middle of the dorsal mesial margin of the gonocoxa is more strongly pronounced and has more setae, ca. 20 instead of ca 10. In the present material at least, M. hamulata is smaller than M. bicuspis, wing length 1.4 as opposed to 1.8. mm.
M. hamulata and M. bicuspis are similar to M. parilis. For the distinguishing characters, see under the latter.
Material studied. 2 males, Papua New Guinea, Morobe Province, Lakekamu basin, Tekadu, 470 m, bush close to Yenina river, Malaise trap, 17–20.XI. 1999. H. Hippa, R. Norberg and D. Borish (in NRM). 3 males, Papua New Guinea, Madang province, Hapurpi village, near Halopa mission, 700 m a. s. l., S 5o 05’, E 145o 41’, primary rain forest, Malaise, January and February 2001, Amari & Novotny leg. (in NRM). 1 male with same data except for Halopa village, November 2000 (in NRM).
description: Published as part of Hippa, Heikki, 2007, The genus Manota Williston (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) in Melanesia and Oceania, pp. 1-44 in Zootaxa 1502 on pages 30-31, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.177118