cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SCELTE LINGUISTICHE NELLE FAMIGLIE CAMERUNENSI IN ITALIA
Creators: name: Siebetcheu, Raymond
Publisher: name: Italiano LinguaDue
Year: 2021

description: Il presente contributo illustra i primi risultati di una ricerca, ancora in corso, sul comportamento linguistico nella comunità camerunense in Italia. Dopo aver ricordato brevemente la situazione sociolinguistica del Camerun, utile anche per analizzare il profilo linguistico dei camerunensi in Italia, il contributo illustra il repertorio linguistico dei camerunensi prima e dopo il loro arrivo in Italia. L’articolo di concentra in particolare sull’analisi delle scelte linguistiche rilevate in alcune delle 50 famiglie coinvolte nell’indagine e collocate in diverse regioni della Penisola. I dati oggetto della ricerca sono stati raccolti attraverso una serie di interviste e di osservazioni partecipanti che hanno consentito di analizzare il plurilinguismo percepito e vissuto degli informanti. Dall’analisi dei risultati della ricerca, emerge che l’italiano e il francese hanno un ruolo di prestigio nella comunità camerunense mentre le lingue locali, usate occasionalmente nei contesti informali, stentano a crearsi uno spazio nelle interazioni comunicative. Language choices in Cameroonian families in Italy This paper presents the first results of a study, still in progress, on the linguistic behavior of the Cameroonian community in Italy. After briefly recalling the sociolinguistic situation of Cameroon, which is also useful for analyzing the linguistic profile of Cameroonians in Italy, the contribution illustrates the linguistic repertoire of Cameroonians before and after their arrival in Italy. The article focuses in particular on the analysis of the linguistic choices found in some of the 50 families involved in the survey and located in different regions in Italy. The data objects of the research were collected through a series of interviews and participant observations which allowed us to analyze the perceived and experienced multilingualism of the informants. From the analysis of the results, it emerges that Italian and French have a prestigious role in the Cameroonian community while local languages, occasionally used in informal contexts, struggle for use in communicative interactions.
description: Italiano LinguaDue, V. 12 N. 2 (2020)
Substance graphs are optimal simple-graph representations of metabolism
Creators: name: Holme, Petter
name: Huss, Mikael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: One approach to studying the system-wide organization of biochemistry is to use statistical graph theory. Even in such a heavily simplified method, which disregards most of the dynamic aspects of biochemistry, one is faced with fundamental questions, such as how the chemical reaction systems should be reduced to a graph retaining as much functional information as possible from the original reaction system. In such graph representations, should the edges go between substrates and products, or substrates and substrates, or both? Should vertices represent substances or reactions? Different definitions encode different information about the reaction system. In this paper we evaluate four different graph representations of metabolism, applied to data from different organisms and databases. The graph representations are evaluated by comparing the overlap between clusters (network modules) and annotated functions, and also by comparing the set of identified currency metabolites with those that other authors have identified using qualitative biological arguments. We find that a "substance network," where all metabolites participating in a reaction are connected, is relatively better than others, evaluated both with respect to the functional overlap between modules and functions and to the number and identity of identified currency metabolites.
Promoting Mental Well-Being for Audiences in a Live-Streaming Game by Highlight-Based Bullet Comments
Creators: name: Xu, Junjie H.
name: Cai, Yulin
name: Fang, Zhou
name: Paliyawan, Pujana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a method for generating bullet comments for live-streaming games based on highlights (i.e., the exciting parts of video clips) extracted from the game content and evaluate the effect of mental health promotion. Game live streaming is becoming a popular theme for academic research. Compared to traditional online video sharing platforms, such as Youtube and Vimeo, video live streaming platform has the benefits of communicating with other viewers in real-time. In sports broadcasting, the commentator plays an essential role as mood maker by making matches more exciting. The enjoyment emerged while watching game live streaming also benefits the audience's mental health. However, many e-sports live streaming channels do not have a commentator for entertaining viewers. Therefore, this paper presents a design of an AI commentator that can be embedded in live streaming games. To generate bullet comments for real-time game live streaming, the system employs highlight evaluation to detect the highlights, and generate the bullet comments. An experiment is conducted and the effectiveness of generated bullet comments in a live-streaming fighting game channel is evaluated.
Tensor-product representations for string-net condensed states
Creators: name: Gu, Zheng-Cheng
name: Levin, Michael
name: Swingle, Brian
name: Wen, Xiao-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that general string-net condensed states have a natural representation in terms of tensor product states (TPS) . These TPS's are built from local tensors. They can describe both states with short-range entanglement (such as the symmetry breaking states) and states with long-range entanglement (such as string-net condensed states with topological/quantum order). The tensor product representation provides a kind of 'mean-field' description for topologically ordered states and could be a powerful way to study quantum phase transitions between such states. As an attempt in this direction, we show that the constructed TPS's are fixed-points under a certain wave-function renormalization group transformation for quantum states.
description: 11 pages. RevTeX4
Disability, Caregiving, and the Search for Equity in Transplant
Creators: name: Chen, Melissa E.
name: Toledo, Alexander H.
Publisher: name: American Medical Association (AMA)
Year: 2023

description:
One of the central challenges in solid organ transplant is achieving equity in access. The Hand et al retrospective study is the largest to evaluate barriers to kidney transplant for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD).
I NUOVI SCENARI GLOBALI PER L’ITALIANO L2: MODELLI TEORICI E METODOLOGICI PER UNA RICERCA SULLA CRISI
Creators: name: Vedovelli, Massimo
Publisher: name: Italiano LinguaDue
Year: 2021

description: Il contributo presenta i risultati dell'ultima indagine sulla diffusione dell’italiano nel mondo promossa da Tullio De Mauro pochi mesi prima della sua scomparsa. L’indagine, sostenuta dall’Istituto di Studi Politici San Pio V di Roma, è di tipo qualitativo, in ciò discostandosi dalla maggior parte delle ricognizioni che sulla materia sono state realizzate a partire dalla fine degli anni Settanta. Il quadro che l’indagine presenta appare cambiato – non in positivo – rispetto alla situazione descritta da Italiano 2000, altra ricerca guidata da De Mauro all’inizio del nuovo Millennio. New global scenarios for Italian L2: theoretical and methodological models for crisis research The contribution presents the results of the latest survey on the diffusion of Italian in the world promoted by Tullio De Mauro a few months before his death. The qualitative survey, supported by the Istituto di Studi Politici San Pio V in Rome, departs from most of the surveys that have been carried out on the subject since the late 1970s. The picture that the survey presents appears to have changed - not positively - compared to the situation described by Italiano 2000, another study led by De Mauro at the beginning of the new millennium.
description: Italiano LinguaDue, V. 12 N. 2 (2020)
Self-adjoint extensions of Coulomb systems in 1,2 and 3 dimensions
Creators: name: de Oliveira, Cesar R.
name: Verri, Alessandra A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nonrelativistic quantum Coulomb hamiltonian (i.e., inverse of distance potential) in $R^n$, n = 1, 2, 3. We characterize their self-adjoint extensions and, in the unidimensional case, present a discussion of controversies in the literature, particularly the question of the permeability of the origin. Potentials given by fundamental solutions of Laplace equation are also briefly considered.
description: 23 pages; Annals of Physics (NY)
A remark on one-harmonic maps from a Hadamard surface of pinched negative curvature to the hyperbolic plane
Creators: name: Fillastre, François
name: Seppi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that every one-harmonic map, in the sense of Trapani and Valli, from a Hadamard surface of pinched negative curvature to $\mathbb{H}^2$ has image the interior of the convex hull of a subset of $\partial_\infty\mathbb{H}^2$. The proof relies on Minkowski geometry, by interpreting one-harmonic maps as the Gauss maps of convex surfaces.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. Published in the proceedings of the workshop "Representations of Discrete Groups and Geometric Topology on Manifolds", Josai University
SIAMO DAVVERO PRONTI PER UNA DIDATTICA PLURILINGUE? NUOVI STRUMENTI
Creators: name: Bonvino, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: Italiano LinguaDue
Year: 2021

description: Il presente contributo intende rispondere all’interrogativo Siamo davvero pronti per una didattica plurilingue? Per fare questo, propone un bilancio relativo a due aspetti essenziali per la diffusione del plurilinguismo: azione didattica e valutazione. Dopo un excursus dei principali filoni in cui si articolano gli approcci plurali, volto ad evidenziarne i punti in comune e le principali differenze, e l’illustrazione di nuovi strumenti per la descrizione della competenza plurilingue, il lavoro approfondisce un esempio di valutazione della competenza plurilingue, presentando i primi risultati di un progetto sulla valutazione dell’intercomprensione. La presentazione del progetto EVAL-IC fornisce l’occasione di affrontare il tema della valutazione plurilingue che comporta una radicale innovazione dal punto di vista della valutazione delle competenze, e scardina gli assunti della valutazione linguistica basati sul “monolitismo linguistico”, mostrando al contempo la complessità e l’interesse della valutazione plurilingue. Are we really ready for multilingual teaching? New tools The aim of this paper is to answer the question “Are we really ready for multilingual teaching?”. In order to pursue this goal, two essential aspects for the spread of multilingualism are analyzed and proposed: educational action and assessment. Starting from an excursus comparing and contrasting the main currents featuring pluralistic approaches, new instruments for the description of plurilingual competence are illustrated including examples for assessing multilingual competence, followed by a presentation of the first results of a project on assessing intercomprehension. The presentation of the EVAL-IC (Evaluation des compétences en intercomprehénsion) project provides an opportunity to address the complex and interesting issue of multilingual assessment, which involves radical innovation at the competence assessment level, and undermines the assumptions of language assessment based on “linguistic monolithism”.
description: Italiano LinguaDue, V. 12 N. 2 (2020)
Instability of higher dimensional charged black holes in the de-Sitter world
Creators: name: Konoplya, R. A.
name: Zhidenko, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have shown that higher dimensional Reissner-Nordström-de Sitter black holes are gravitationally unstable for large values of the electric charge and cosmological constant in $D \geq 7$ space-time dimensions. We have found the shape of the slightly perturbed black hole at the threshold point of instability. Why only $D=4, 5$ and 6 dimensional worlds are favorable as to the black stability remains unknown.
description: Essential new material is added, references added, 5 figures, 1 table, RevTeX
Blood Eosinophil Counts, Withdrawal of Inhaled Corticosteroids and Risk of COPD Exacerbations and Mortality in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD)
Creators: name: Olorunfemi A. Oshagbemi
name: Franssen, Frits M.E.
name: Kraaij, Suzanne Van
name: Braeken, Dionne C.W.
name: Wouters, Emiel F.M.
name: Zee, Anke H. Maitland-Van Der
name: Driessen, Johanna H.M.
name: Vries, Frank De
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology

description: Although recently introduced in the pharmacological treatment algorithm of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), there is a need for more data supporting the use of blood eosinophil counts as a biomarker to guide inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk of moderate and/or severe exacerbations and all-cause mortality in a large primary care population after withdrawal of ICS compared to continued users stratified by elevated blood eosinophil counts. In this population based cohort study, we used data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) in the United Kingdom. We included subjects’ aged 40 years or more who had a diagnosis of COPD. We excluded subjects with a history of asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, cardiac arrhythmia and bronchiectasis, COPD exacerbations occurring within 6 weeks prior to index date, or with a myocardial infarction within 3 months prior to index date. Continuous users were subjects who received their most recent ICS prescription within 3 months before the start of an interval. ICS withdrawals were those who discontinued ICS for more than 3 months. We evaluated the risk of moderate and/or severe exacerbations and all-cause mortality among subjects with various blood eosinophil thresholds who withdrew from ICS compared to continuous ICS users with elevated blood eosinophil levels using Cox regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders. We identified 48,157 subjects diagnosed with COPD between 1 January 2005 to 31 January 2014. Withdrawal of ICS was not associated with an increased risk of moderate-to-severe exacerbations among subjects with absolute blood eosinophil counts ≥0.34 × 109 cells/L [adjusted hazard ratio (adj. HR) 0.72; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.63–0.81] or relative counts ≥ 4.0% (adj. HR 0.72; 95% CI: 0.66–0.78). Similarly, withdrawal of ICS was not associated with an increased risk of severe exacerbations among subjects with absolute blood eosinophil ≥0.34 × 109 cells/L (adj. HR 0.82; 95% CI: 0.61–1.10) or relative blood eosinophil counts ≥4.0% (adj. HR 0.80; 95% CI: 0.61–1.04). No increased risk of all-cause mortality was observed among subjects who withdrew from ICS irrespective of elevated absolute or relative blood eosinophil counts. In a real-world primary care population, we did not observe an increased risk of moderate and/or severe COPD exacerbations or all-cause mortality among subjects with eosinophilia who withdrew their use of ICS.
Local conservation laws of second-order evolution equations
Creators: name: Popovych, Roman O.
name: Samoilenko, Anatoly M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35K55; 35K57; 35A30

description: Generalizing results by Bryant and Griffiths [Duke Math. J., 1995, V.78, 531-676], we completely describe local conservation laws of second-order (1+1)-dimensional evolution equations up to contact equivalence. The possible dimensions of spaces of conservation laws prove to be 0, 1, 2 and infinity. The canonical forms of equations with respect to contact equivalence are found for all nonzero dimensions of spaces of conservation laws.
description: 11 pages, minor corrections
Evidence for cold plasma in planetary nebulae from radio observations with the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR)
Creators: name: Hajduk, Marcin
name: Haverkorn, Marijke
name: Shimwell, Timothy
name: Olech, Mateusz
name: Callingham, Joseph R.
name: Vedantham, Harish K.
name: White, Glenn J.
name: Iacobelli, Marco
name: Drabent, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of planetary nebulae with the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) between 120 and 168 MHz. The images show thermal free-free emission from the nebular shells. We have determined the electron temperatures for spatially resolved, optically thick nebulae. These temperatures are 20 to 60% lower than those estimated from collisionally excited optical emission lines. This strongly supports the existence of a cold plasma component, which co-exists with hot plasma in planetary nebulae. This cold plasma does not contribute to the collisionally excited lines, but does contribute to recombination lines and radio flux. Neither of the plasma components are spatially resolved in our images, although we infer that the cold plasma extends to the outer radii of planetary nebulae. However, more cold plasma appears to exist at smaller radii. The presence of cold plasma should be taken into account in modeling of radio emission of planetary nebulae. Modelling of radio emission usually uses electron temperatures calculated from collisionally excited optical and/or infrared lines. This may lead to an underestimate of the ionized mass and an overestimate of the extinction correction from planetary nebulae when derived from the radio flux alone. The correction improves the consistency of extinction derived from the radio fluxes when compared to estimates from the Balmer decrement flux ratios.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, ApJ, accepted
Hydrogen adsorption on Pd(133) surface
Creators: name: Tomaszewska, A.
name: Stepien, Z. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study used is an approach based on measurements of the total energy distribution (TED) of field emitted electrons in order to examine the properties of Pd (133) from the aspect of both hydrogen adsorption and surface hydrides formation. The most favourable sites offered to a hydrogen atom to be adsorbed have been indicated and an attempt to describe the peaks of the enhancement factor R spectrum to the specific adsorption sites has also been made.
description: to be submitted to the Centr. Eur. J. Phys
Precise alpha_s from Tau Decays
Creators: name: Malaescu, Bogdan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An updated measurement of alpha_s(m_tau) from ALEPH tau hadronic spectral functions is presented. We report a study of the perturbative prediction(s) showing that the fixed-order perturbation theory manifests convergence or principle problems not presented in the contour-improved calculation. Potential systematic effects from quark-hadron duality violations are estimated to be within the quoted systematic errors. The fit result is alpha_s(m_tau) = 0.344 +- 0.005 +- 0.007, where the first error is experimental and the second theoretical. After evolution, the alpha_s(M_Z) determined from tau data is one of the most precise to date, in agreement with the corresponding NNNLO value derived from Z decays.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. To appear in the proceedings of QCD08, Montpellier, France, 7-12th July 2008
title: Digital Illumination for Augmented Studios
Creators: name: Bimber, Oliver
name: Grundhöfer, Anselm
name: Zollmann, Stefanie
name: Kolster, Daniel
Publisher: name: Bauhaus-Universität Weimar
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Studiotechnik
subject: Erweiterte Realität
subject: Fernsehproduktion
subject: Projektion
subject: 791

description: Virtual studio technology plays an important role for modern television productions. Blue-screen matting is a common technique for integrating real actors or moderators into computer generated sceneries. Augmented reality offers the possibility to mix real and virtual in a more general context. This article proposes a new technological approach for combining real studio content with computergenerated information. Digital light projection allows a controlled spatial, temporal, chrominance and luminance modulation of illumination – opening new possibilities for TV studios.
Combined neural network-based intra prediction and transform selection
Creators: name: Dumas, Thierry
name: Galpin, Franck
name: Bordes, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The interactions between different tools added successively to a block-based video codec are critical to its rate-distortion efficiency. In particular, when deep neural network-based intra prediction modes are inserted into a block-based video codec, as the neural network-based prediction function cannot be easily characterized, the adaptation of the transform selection process to the new modes can hardly be performed manually. That is why this paper presents a combined neural network-based intra prediction and transform selection for a block-based video codec. When putting a single neural network-based intra prediction mode and the learned prediction of the selected LFNST pair index into VTM-8.0, -3.71%, -3.17%, and -3.37% of mean BD-rate reduction in all-intra is obtained.
Comparison and application of rheological constitutive functions for whole human blood
Creators: name: Easthope, Peter Lyall
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This work develops an empirical method for investigation of the flow properties of blood and applies it to a clinically oriented problem. The development focuses on the characterization of the flow properties of a blood sample. According to the theory of continuum mechanics the steady state flow properties of a material are characterized completely by its constitutive (Burchfield, 1972) function which relates the shear stress measured in a rheometer to the shear rate and hematocrit of the sample. Eleven functions derived from various sources were examined for their ability to fit flow data from thirty—one normal individuals, eleven of whom were using oral contraceptives. (The remainder were not using any drugs). A shear rate range of 0.0312 to 124 s⁻¹ was used at hematocrits from 0.29 to 0.55. A non-linear curve fitting procedure allowed an ordering of the functions to be established with respect to their goodness of fit. The function first employed by Walburn and Schneck (1976), T = X₁ exp (X₂ H+X₄ /H²)D[sup 1-X₃] where T = shear stress, D = shear rate, H = hematocrit and X₁ to X₄ are adjustable parameters, was found to be the most successful. This constitutive function was then used to examine data obtained from a population of normal women at various times during the menstrual cycle, as a hemorheological cycle had been reported to occur over this period. The concentrations of several plasma proteins were also determined and plotted over time. No evident cycle of hemorheological properties or protein concentrations was found.
A Two-Dimensional Lattice Ion Trap for Quantum Simulation
Creators: name: Clark, Robert J.
name: Lin, Tongyan
name: Brown, Kenneth R.
name: Chuang, Isaac L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum simulations of spin systems could enable the solution of problems which otherwise require infeasible classical resources. Such a simulation may be implemented using a well-controlled system of effective spins, such as a two-dimensional lattice of locally interacting ions. We propose here a layered planar rf trap design that can be used to create arbitrary two-dimensional lattices of ions. The design also leads naturally to ease of microfabrication. As a first experimental demonstration, we confine strontium-88 ions in a mm-scale lattice trap and verify numerical models of the trap by measuring the motional frequencies. We also confine 440 nm diameter charged microspheres and observe ion-ion repulsion between ions in neighboring lattice sites. Our design, when scaled to smaller ion-ion distances, is appropriate for quantum simulation schemes, e.g. that of Porras and Cirac (PRL 92 207901 (2004)). We note, however, that in practical realizations of the trap, an increase in the secular frequency with decreasing ion spacing may make a coupling rate that is large relative to the decoherence rate in such a trap difficult to achieve.
description: 8 pages, 11 pdf figures, submitted to J. Appl. Phys
Notes on interacting holographic dark energy model in a closed universe
Creators: name: Sadjadi, H. Mohseni
name: Vadood, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider interacting holographic dark energy model in Friedmann Robertson Walker space time with positive spatial curvature and investigate the behavior of curvature parameter and dark energy density in accelerated expanding epoch. We also derive some conditions needed to cross the phantom divide line in this model.
description: 10 pages, typos corrected, some explanations and references added and updated, accepted for publication in JCAP
Massive Neutron Star Models with Parabolic Cores
Creators: name: Negi, P S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of the investigation of the core-envelope model presented in Negi et al. \cite{Ref1} have been discussed in view of the reference \cite{Ref2} . It is seen that there are significant changes in the results to be addressed. In addition, I have also calculated the gravitational binding energy, causality and pulsational stability of the structures which were not considered in Negi et al. \cite{Ref1} . The modified results have important consequences to model neutron stars and pulsars. The maximum neutron star mass obtained in this study corresponds to the mean value of the classical results obtained by Rhodes \& Ruffini \cite {Ref3} and the upper bound on neutron star mass obtained by Kalogera \& Byam \cite {Ref4} and is much closer to the most recent theoretical estimate made by Sotani \cite{Ref5}. On one hand, when there are only few equations of state (EOSs) available in the literature which can fulfil the recent observational constraint imposed by the largest neutron star masses around 2$M_\odot$\cite{Ref6}, \cite{Ref7}, \cite{Ref8}, the present analytic models, on the other hand, can comfortably satisfy this constraint. Furthermore, the maximum allowed value of compactness parameter $u(\equiv M/a$; mass to size ratio in geometrized units) $ \leq 0.30$ obtained in this study is also consistent with an absolute maximum value of $ u_{\rm max} = 0.333^{+0.001}_{-0.005}$ resulting from the observation of binary neutron stars merger GW170817 (see, e.g.\cite{Ref9}).
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Efficient formation pathway of methyl formate: the role of OH radicals on ice dust
Creators: name: Ishibashi, A.
name: Hidaka, H.
name: Oba, Y.
name: Kouchi, A.
name: Watanabe, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three structural isomers of the C2H4O2 molecule, namely, methyl formate (MF; HCOOCH3), acetic acid (AA; CH3COOH), and glycol aldehyde (GA; HOCH2CHO), have attracted considerable attention as targets for understanding pathways towards molecular complexity in the interstellar medium (ISM). Among these isomers, MF is decisively abundant in various astronomical objects. For various formation pathways of MF, surface reactions on cosmic dust would play an important role. However, when compared to observations, the formation of MF has been found to be relatively inefficient in laboratory experiments in which methanol (CH3OH)-dominant ices were processed by ultraviolet (UV) photons and cosmic-ray analogues. Here, we show experimental results on the effective formation of MF by the photolysis of CH3OH on water ice at 10 K. We found that the key parameter leading to the efficient formation of MF is the supply of OH radicals by the photolysis of H2O, which significantly differs from CH3OH-rich experimental conditions. Moreover, using an ultra-high-sensitivity surface analysis method, we succeeded in constraining the decisive formation pathway of MF via the photolysis of methoxymethanol (MM; CH3OCH2OH), which would improve our current understanding of chemical evolution in the ISM.
description: Accepted in ApJL; 10 figures including 5 figures in Appendix
The single copy of the gravitational holonomy
Creators: name: Alawadhi, Rashid
name: Berman, David S.
name: White, Chris D.
name: Wikeley, Sam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The double copy is a well-established relationship between gravity and gauge theories. It relates perturbative scattering amplitudes as well as classical solutions, and recently there has been mounting evidence that it also applies to non-perturbative information. In this paper, we consider the holonomy properties of manifolds in gravity and prescribe a single copy of gravitational holonomy that differs from the holonomy in gauge theory. We discuss specific cases and give examples where the single copy holonomy group is reduced. Our results may prove useful in extending the classical double copy. We also clarify previous misconceptions in the literature regarding gravitational Wilson lines and holonomy.
description: 31 pages, 2 figures
Magic frequencies for cesium primary frequency standard
Creators: name: Flambaum, V. V.
name: Dzuba, V. A.
name: Derevianko, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider microwave hyperfine transitions in the ground state of cesium and rubidium atoms which are presently used as the primary and the secondary frequency standards. The atoms are confined in an optical lattice generated by a circularly polarized laser field. We demonstrate that applying an external magnetic field with appropriately chosen direction may cancel dynamic Stark frequency shift making the frequency of the clock transition insensitive to the strengths of both the laser and the magnetic fields. This can be attained for practically any laser frequency which is sufficiently distant from a resonance.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Central limit theorem for signal-to-interference ratio of reduced rank linear receiver
Creators: name: Pan, G. M.
name: Zhou, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A52, 62P30 (Primary) 60F05, 62E20 (Secondary)

description: Let $\mathbf{s}_k=\frac{1}{\sqrt{N}}(v_{1k},...,v_{Nk})^T,$ with $\{v_{ik},i,k=1,...\}$ independent and identically distributed complex random variables. Write $\mathbf{S}_k=(\mathbf{s}_1,...,\mathbf {s}_{k-1},\mathbf{s}_{k+1},... ,\mathbf{s}_K),$ $\mathbf{P}_k=\operatorname {diag}(p_1,...,p_{k-1},p_{k+1},...,p_K)$, $\mathbf{R}_k=(\mathbf{S}_k\mathbf{P}_k\mathbf{S}_k^*+σ^2\mathbf{I})$ and $\mathbf{A}_{km}=[\mathbf{s}_k,\mathbf{R}_k\mathbf{s}_k,... ,\mathbf{R}_k^{m-1}\mathbf{s}_k]$. Define $β_{km}=p_k\mathbf{s}_k^*\mathbf{A}_{km}(\mathbf {A}_{km}^*\times\ mathbf{R}_k\mathbf{A}_{km})^{-1}\mathbf{A}_{km}^*\mathbf{s}_k$, referred to as the signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) of user $k$ under the multistage Wiener (MSW) receiver in a wireless communication system. It is proved that the output SIR under the MSW and the mutual information statistic under the matched filter (MF) are both asymptotic Gaussian when $N/K\to c>0$. Moreover, we provide a central limit theorem for linear spectral statistics of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of sample covariance matrices, which is a supplement of Theorem 2 in Bai, Miao and Pan [Ann. Probab. 35 (2007) 1532--1572]. And we also improve Theorem 1.1 in Bai and Silverstein [Ann. Probab. 32 (2004) 553--605].
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AAP477 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Generalized Ardehali-Bell inequalities for graph states
Creators: name: Gühne, Otfried
name: Cabello, Adan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive Bell inequalities for graph states by generalizing the approach proposed by Ardehali [Phys. Rev. A 46, 5375 (1992)] for Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states. Using this method, we demonstrate that Bell inequalities with nonstabilizer observables are often superior to the optimal GHZ-Mermin-type (or stabilizer-type) Bell inequalities.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Immersed Cantilever Apparatus for Mechanics and Microscopy
Creators: name: Singh, Akash
name: Tateno, Michio
name: Simon, Gilles
name: Vanel, Loïc
name: Leocmach, Mathieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here a novel cantilever based apparatus to perform translational stress or strain controlled rheology in very soft solids, and obtain simultaneous confocal imaging of the 3 dimensional microstructure. The stress is measured using eddy based sensors. Both the stress and strain are controlled by applying PID control loops on measured quantities and changing position using a micromanipulator. To get rid of surface tension forces, the sample and cantilever are immersed. This enables stress measurement and control down to 3mPa. With this apparatus, we can independently apply shear and normal stress, or strain, with same precision. We demonstrate the technical capability of the setup with steady shear strain or stress experiments on a soft protein gel system. The simultaneous confocal imaging offers insight into the macroscopic breaking observed in an increasing shear strain experiment.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures
Are Gamma-Ray Bursts a Standard Energy Reservoir?
Creators: name: Li, Li-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most important discoveries in the observation of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is that the total energy emitted by a GRB in gamma-rays has a very narrow distribution around 10^51 erg, which has led people to claim that GRBs are standard energy explosions. As people made the claim they have ignored the selection biases which must be important since GRB observations are strongly fluence or flux-limited. In this paper we show that, when the selection effects are considered, the intrinsic distribution of the GRB energy can be very broad. The number of faint GRBs has been significantly underestimated because of the fluence or flux limit. The bright part of the distribution has been affected by another important selection effect arising from the beaming of GRB jets, which is instrument-independent and caused by the fact that brighter GRBs tend to have smaller jet angles and hence smaller probabilities to be detected. Our finding indicates that GRBs are not a standard energy reservoir, and challenges the proposal that GRBs can be used as standard candles to probe cosmology.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Mental Health across the Early Life Course at the Intersection of Race, Skin Tone, and School Racial Context
Creators: name: Hargrove, Taylor W
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2023

description:
Prior research documents higher levels of depressive symptoms among Black Americans relative to Whites. Yet, we know less about the role of other dimensions of stratification (e.g., skin tone) in shaping mental health inequality between Black and White adults, and whether mental health trajectories by race and skin tone among Black adults are contingent upon social contexts in childhood and adolescence. To address these gaps, this study asks: 1) to what extent do self-identified race and interviewer-rated skin tone among Black respondents shape inequalities in depressive symptoms between Black and White Americans across ages 12-42? 2) Are trajectories of depressive symptoms by race and skin tone among Black respondents contingent on school racial contexts (e.g., school racial composition)? Using five waves of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health and growth curve models, results suggest trajectories of depressive symptoms across ages 12-42 vary by race, school racial context, and skin tone among Black respondents. Specifically, Black students rated as having very dark, dark, and medium brown skin who attended high proportion Black schools in adolescence experienced lower levels of depressive symptoms than their White and light-skinned Black counterparts, particularly across the teen years and early 20s. Conversely, attending higher proportion White schools led to increases in depressive symptoms across earlier ages for Black students, particularly those who fell within the middle of the skin color continuum. Findings highlight competing advantages and disadvantages of navigating racialized spaces in childhood/adolescence for Black Americans of different skin tones.
Stable length in stable groups
Creators: name: Kotschick, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F69 (Primary), 20F12, 57M07 (Secondary)

description: We show that the stable commutator length vanishes for certain groups defined as infinite unions of smaller groups. The argument uses a group-theoretic analogue of the Mazur swindle, and goes back to the works of Anderson, Fisher, and Mather on homeomorphism groups.
description: Dedicated to Shigeyuki Morita on the occasion of his 60th birthday. To appear in Groups of Diffeomorphisms (Mathematical Society of Japan)
The Right Pricing Strategy for Domestic Worker Service Business in Thailand.
Creators: name: Kaniya Nantamontry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150503 Marketing Management (incl. Strategy and Customer Relations)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150507 Pricing (incl. Consumer Value Estimation)
subject: 150314 Small Business Management
subject: 150308 International Business
subject: 150304 Entrepreneurship
subject: 150501 Consumer-Oriented Product or Service Development

description: Domestic Worker service business in Thailand has never have the right pricing solution. The pricing evolution has been wildly fluctuated over period of time. The profit margin is currently as low as 1-7% and it is the bad sign. The entrepreneurs are trying to survive especially during COVID by entering the price war. This article is pointing out the concept to come up with the right pricing strategy, and that price lowering may not be a true solution. The best pricing strategy suggested for Domestic Worker service business in Thailand is to combine “Cost-based Pricing” with “Value-based Pricing”, where the company must consider 3 factors altogether which are costs, customer values, and profit margin. These 3 factors are equally important and must take into considerations. The right pricing concept is adding more values to benefit customers, not lowering the price. The company should invest in improving product and service quality, not trying to cut costs. The optimum profit margin occurs when the price is aligned with the benefits. In short, the suggested pricing strategy for Domestic Worker service business are keeping the costs reasonable, adding customer values, and aligning price with benefits.
Aberration and radiation pressure in the Klein and Poincare models
Creators: name: Lavenda, B. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aberration and radiation pressure reflected by a moving mirror are examples of the Klein and Poincaré models of hyperbolic geometry, respectively. Reflection at a moving mirror produces a two-way Dopper shift. Its one-way counterpart, aberration, has nothing to do with the radiation pressure on a moving mirror, but, rather with the pressure on a completely absorbing surface. Both pressures vanish when the angle of parallelism is reached. Two-way, second-order Doppler shifts can be used to establish experimentally the existence of an angle of parallelism.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, corrected typos, added content
The Right Pricing Strategy for Domestic Worker Service Business in Thailand.
Creators: name: Kaniya Nantamontry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150503 Marketing Management (incl. Strategy and Customer Relations)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150507 Pricing (incl. Consumer Value Estimation)
subject: 150314 Small Business Management
subject: 150308 International Business
subject: 150304 Entrepreneurship
subject: 150501 Consumer-Oriented Product or Service Development

description: Domestic Worker service business in Thailand has never had the right pricing solution. The pricing evolution has been wildly fluctuated over period of time. The profit margin is currently as low as 1-7% and it is the bad sign. The entrepreneurs are trying to survive especially during COVID by entering the price war. This article is pointing out the concept to come up with the right pricing strategy, and that price lowering may not be a true solution. The best pricing strategy suggested for Domestic Worker service business in Thailand is to combine “Cost-based Pricing” with “Value-based Pricing”, where the company must consider 3 factors altogether which are costs, customer values, and profit margin. These 3 factors are equally important and must take into considerations. The right pricing concept is adding more values to benefit customers, not lowering the price. The company should invest in improving product and service quality, not trying to cut costs. The optimum profit margin occurs when the price is aligned with the benefits. In short, the suggested pricing strategy for Domestic Worker service business are keeping the costs reasonable, adding customer values, and aligning price with benefits.
Origin of the X-ray Emission in the Nuclei of FR Is
Creators: name: Wu, Qingwen
name: Yuan, Feng
name: Cao, Xinwu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the X-ray origin in FRIs using the multi-waveband high resolution data of eight FR I sources, which have very low Eddington ratios. We fit their multi-waveband spectrum using a coupled accretion-jet model. We find that X-ray emission in the source with the highest L_X (~1.8*10^-4 L_Edd) is from the advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF). Four sources with moderate L_X(~several*10^-6 L_Edd) are complicated. The X-ray emission of one FR I is from the jet, and the other three is from the sum of the jet and ADAF. The X-ray emission in the three least luminous sources (L_X<1.0*10^-6L_Edd) is dominated by the jet. These results roughly support the predictions of Yuan and Cui(2005) where they predict that when the X-ray luminosity of the system is below a critical value, the X-radiation will not be dominated by the emission from the ADAF any longer, but by the jet. We also find that the accretion rates in four sources must be higher than the Bondi rates, which implies that other fuel supply (e.g., stellar winds) inside the Bondi radius should be important.
description: 6 pages. To published in Journal of Physics, in proceedings of "The Universe under the Microscope - Astrophysics at High Angular Resolution" (Bad Honnef, Germany, April 2008), eds. R. Schoedel, A. Eckart, S. Pfalzner, and E. Ros
My Eyes Are Up Here: Promoting Focus on Uncovered Regions in Masked Face Recognition
Creators: name: Neto, Pedro C.
name: Boutros, Fadi
name: Pinto, João Ribeiro
name: Saffari, Mohsen
name: Damer, Naser
name: Sequeira, Ana F.
name: Cardoso, Jaime S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The recent Covid-19 pandemic and the fact that wearing masks in public is now mandatory in several countries, created challenges in the use of face recognition systems (FRS). In this work, we address the challenge of masked face recognition (MFR) and focus on evaluating the verification performance in FRS when verifying masked vs unmasked faces compared to verifying only unmasked faces. We propose a methodology that combines the traditional triplet loss and the mean squared error (MSE) intending to improve the robustness of an MFR system in the masked-unmasked comparison mode. The results obtained by our proposed method show improvements in a detailed step-wise ablation study. The conducted study showed significant performance gains induced by our proposed training paradigm and modified triplet loss on two evaluation databases.
description: Accepted at 20th International Conference of the Biometrics Special Interest Group (BIOSIG 2021)