cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Universal collisionless transport of graphene
Creators: name: Link, Julia M.
name: Orth, Peter P.
name: Sheehy, Daniel E.
name: Schmalian, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact of the electron-electron Coulomb interaction on the optical conductivity of graphene has led to a controversy that calls into question the universality of collisionless transport in this and other Dirac materials. Using a lattice calculation that avoids divergences present in previous nodal Dirac approaches, our work settles this controversy and obtains results in quantitative agreement with experiment over a wide frequency range. We also demonstrate that dimensional regularization methods agree, as long as the scaling properties of the conductivity and the regularization of the theory in modified dimension are correctly implemented. Tight-binding lattice and nodal Dirac theory calculations are shown to coincide at low energies even when the non-zero size of the atomic orbital wave function is included, conclusively demonstrating the universality of the optical conductivity of graphene.
description: 4+ pages,4 figures; includes Supplemental Material (18 pages, 2 figures)
Iron-Group Abundances in the Metal-Poor Main Sequence Turnoff Star HD~84937
Creators: name: Sneden, Christopher
name: Cowan, John J.
name: Kobayashi, Chiaki
name: Pignatari, Marco
name: Lawler, James E.
name: Hartog, Elizabeth A. Den
name: Wood, Michael P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have derived new very accurate abundances of the Fe-group elements Sc through Zn (Z = 21-30) in the bright main-sequence turnoff star HD 84937, based on high-resolution spectra covering the visible and ultraviolet spectral regions. New or recent laboratory transition data for 14 species of seven elements have been used. Abundances from more than 600 lines of non-Fe species have been combined with about 550 Fe lines in HD 84937 to yield abundance ratios of high precision. The abundances have been determined from both neutral and ionized transitions, which generally are in agreement with each other. We find no substantial departures from standard LTE Saha ionization balance in this [Fe/H] = -2.32 star. Noteworthy among the abundances are: [Co/Fe] = 0.14 and [Cu/Fe] = -0.83, in agreement with past studies abundance trends in this and other low metallicity stars; and = 0.31, which has not been noted previously. A detailed examination of scandium, titanium, and vanadium abundances in large-sample spectroscopic surveys reveals that they are positively correlated in stars with [Fe/H] < -2; HD 84937 lies at the high end of this correlation. These trends constrain the synthesis mechanisms of Fe-group elements. We also examine the GCE abundance trends of the Fe-group elements, including a new nucleosynthesis model with jet-like explosion effects.
description: 47 pages, 12 figures; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
MAIAC Status
Creators: name: Lyapustin, Alexei
name: Wang, Yujie
name: Korkin, Sergey
Publisher: name: NTRS
Year: 2016
Subjects: Meteorology And Climatology
Earth Resources And Remote Sensing

description: Meeting: MODIS VIIRS 2016 Science Team Meeting ,Location: Silver Spring, MD ,Country: United States ,Start Date: June 6, 2016 ,End Date: June 10, 2016
Imaging Scatterometry
Creators: name: Madsen, Morten Hannibal
name: Hansen, Poul-Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an optical metrology system for characterization of topography of micro/nano-structures on a surface or embedded in a semi-transparent material. Based on the principles of scatterometry, where the intensity of scattered light is used as a 'fingerprint' to reconstruct a surface, this new imaging scatterometer can easily find areas of interest on the cm scale and measure multiple segments simultaneously. The imaging scatterometer measures structural features, such as height, width, and sidewall angle of a grating locally on few um2 areas with nm resolution. We demonstrate two imaging scatterometers, one built into an optical microscope and one in a split configuration. The two scatterometers are targeted characterization of mm2 and cm2 areas, respectively, and both setups are validated using nano-textured samples.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
title: MDCT scanning, a valuable weapon in colitis assessment
Creators: name: Pereda Rodríguez, Javier
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: CT
subject: Colon
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: Describe and illustrate the different types of Colitis. Identify key semiological findings on the CT Scan that would allow a more accurate etiologic diagnostic...
Replication of Gurung et al. (2017): “Dressing ‘in code’: Clothing rules, propriety, and perceptions
Creators: name: Bodden, Mikel
name: Prox, Kim
name: Meyer zu Altenschildesche, Emma
name: Krahforst, Fabia
name: Singh, Ivana
name: Lang, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: We replicate the study of Gurung et al. (2017): “Dressing ‘in code’: Clothing rules, propriety, and perceptions.
A new code SORD for simulation of polarized light scattering in the Earth atmosphere
Creators: name: Korkin, Sergey
name: Lyapustin, Alexei
name: Sinyuk, Aliaksandr
name: Holben, Brent
Publisher: name: SPIE
Year: 2016

description: SPIE Commercial + Scientific Sensing and Imaging, 2016, Baltimore, MD, United States
description: We report a new publicly available radiative transfer (RT) code for numerical simulation of polarized light scattering in plane-parallel Earth atmosphere. Using 44 benchmark tests, we prove high accuracy of the new RT code, SORD (Successive ORDers of scattering1, 2). We describe capabilities of SORD and show run time for each test on two different machines. At present, SORD is supposed to work as part of the Aerosol Robotic NETwork3 (AERONET) inversion algorithm. For natural integration with the AERONET software, SORD is coded in Fortran 90/95. The code is available by email request from the corresponding (first) author or from ftp://climate1.gsfc.nasa.gov/skorkin/SORD/ or ftp://maiac.gsfc.nasa.gov/pub/SORD.zip
Multiangle implementation of atmospheric correction (MAIAC): 1. Radiative transfer basis and look-up tables
Creators: name: Lyapustin, Alexei
name: Martonchik, John
name: Wang, Yujie
name: Laszlo, Istvan
name: Korkin, Sergey
Publisher: name: AGU
Year: 2011
Subjects: aerosol
remote sensing

description: This paper describes a radiative transfer basis of the algorithm MAIAC which performs simultaneous retrievals of atmospheric aerosol and bidirectional surface reflectance from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). The retrievals are based on an accurate semianalytical solution for the top-of-atmosphere reflectance expressed as an explicit function of three parameters of the Ross–Thick Li–Sparse model of surface bidirectional reflectance. This solution depends on certain functions of atmospheric properties and geometry which are precomputed in the look-up table (LUT). This paper further considers correction of the LUT functions for variations of surface pressure/height and of atmospheric water vapor, which is a common task in the operational remote sensing. It introduces a new analytical method for the water vapor correction of the multiple-scattering path radiance. It also summarizes the few basic principles that provide a high efficiency and accuracy of the LUT-based radiative transfer for the aerosol/surface retrievals and optimize the size of LUT. For example, the single-scattering path radiance is calculated analytically for a given surface pressure and atmospheric water vapor. The same is true for the direct surface-reflected radiance, which along with the single-scattering path radiance largely defines the angular dependence of measurements. For these calculations, the aerosol phase functions and kernels of the surface bidirectional reflectance model are precalculated at a high angular resolution. The other radiative transfer functions depend rather smoothly on angles because of multiple scattering and can be calculated at coarser angular resolution to reduce the LUT size. At the same time, this resolution should be high enough to use the nearest neighbor geometry angles to avoid costly three-dimensional interpolation. The pressure correction is implemented via linear interpolation between two LUTs computed for the standard and reduced pressure levels. A linear mixture and a modified linear mixture methods are used to represent different aerosol types in the aerosol/surface retrievals from several base models of the fine and coarse aerosol fractions. In summary, the developed LUT algorithm allows fast high-accuracy simulations of the outgoing radiance with full variability of the atmospheric and surface bidirectional reflectance properties for the aerosol/surface remote sensing.
LHC signatures of a Z' mediator between dark matter and the SU(3) sector
Creators: name: Ducu, Otilia
name: Heurtier, Lucien
name: Maurer, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the experimental signatures of a gluophilic $Z'$ at the LHC, in particular through the analysis of three jets or four tops events. The $Z'$ couples to gluons through dimension six operators and the parameter space is constrained with experimental searches released at 7 and 8 $\mathrm{TeV}$ by CMS along these two different channels. Existing constraints coming from the study of dark matter where the $Z'$ represents a possible mediator between the latter and the Standard Model are also included for comparison. Prospects at $\sqrt s=13$ TeV allow us to evaluate for which values of the parameter space a gluophilic $Z'$ could be discovered during the next run of the LHC. In particular, we show that the analysis of the three jets invariant mass could provide a clear signal ($>5σ$) for masses of the $Z'$ above 300 $\mathrm{GeV}$. Four tops events bring in addition further discovery potential for heavy $Z'$ (above $\sim 2~\mathrm{TeV}$). A combination of both signals in four top channels and three jets analyses during the next run of the LHC could thus provide a clear signal of the presence of a heavy gluophilic $Z'$.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Student Engagement during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Creators: name: Ober, Teresa
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Education
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This project involves a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine changes in students' engagement amidst the pandemic.
title: Quantitative analysis with shearwave elastography and its correlation with histopathology in breast masses
Creators: name: Yılmaz, Gökalp
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Elastography
subject: Breast

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: To determine the correlation between histopathology and elasticity measurements obtained by shearwave elastography (SWE) in breast masses To identify a cutoff point between benign and malignant lesions of the...
Additional file 1 of Help-seeking attitudes and behaviours among youth with eating disorders: a scoping review
Creators: name: Nicula, Maria
name: Pellegrini, Danielle
name: Grennan, Laura
name: Bhatnagar, Neera
name: McVey, Gail
name: Couturier, Jennifer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
classificationCode: 111714
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Extracted data from all 62 articles included in the scoping review, organized by age group.
Spectral Model of Non-Stationary, Inhomogeneous Turbulence
Creators: name: Bragg, Andrew D.
name: Kurien, Susan
name: Clark, Timothy T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare results from a spectral model for non-stationary, inhomogeneous turbulence (Besnard et al., Theor. Comp. Fluid. Dyn., vol. 8, pp 1-35, 1996) with Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) data of a shear-free mixing layer (SFML) (Tordella et al., Phys. Rev. E, vol. 77, 016309, 2008). The SFML is used as a test case in which the efficacy of the model closure for the physical-space transport of the fluid velocity field can be tested in a flow with inhomogeneity, without the additional complexity of mean-flow coupling. The model is able to capture certain features of the SFML quite well for intermediate to long-times, including the evolution of the mixing-layer width and turbulent kinetic energy. At short-times, and for more sensitive statistics such as the generation of the velocity field anisotropy, the model is less accurate. We present arguments, supported by the DNS data, that a significant cause of the discrepancies is the local approximation to the intrinsically non-local pressure-transport in physical-space that was made in the model, the effects of which would be particularly strong at short-times when the inhomogeneity of the SFML is strongest.
The Atlantic Coast Conference: a pre- and post-expansion analysis
Creators: name: Cooley, Amanda K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Conference restructuring is a trend within Division I athletics and the effects of one conference restructuring extends across Division I athletics. Every Bowl Subdivision conference except for the Pacific-10 has restructured since 1990. The Atlantic Coast Conference expanded its membership to 12 in 2004-05 adding Boston College, the University of Miami and Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. This study identified motives for the expansion and goals set by the ACC leadership. Financial and performance data was compared pre- and post-expansion to determine the effects of expansion on the conference. This data was utilized to determine whether the ACC has met any of the goals identified. Four goals identified through this study were improving the ACC's brand/identity, improving the conference's value in the marketplace, increasing revenues, and maintaining conference culture. Statistical data supports that all goals are being met but did raise areas of concern in competitiveness and net profit.
title: Sonography of the scrotum: still the best!
Creators: name: Mnari, Walid
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Emergency
subject: Paediatric
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ultrasound-Power Doppler
subject: Ultrasound-Spectral Doppler
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Normal variants
subject: Complications
subject: Congenital
subject: Infection
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: To focus on ultrasound scanning with a pictorial review of scrotum anatomy and its contents. To describe and to illustrate the various scrotal pathologic...
Convergence acceleration of radiative transfer equation solution at strongly anisotropic scattering
Creators: name: Budak, Vladimir P.
name: Klyuykov, Dmitriy A.
name: Korkin, Sergey
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2010

description: All the numerical methods of the radiative transfer equation (RTE) solution are based on the replacement of scattering integral by the finite sum. The main problem of such scattering integral representation is the presence of singularities in the radiance angular distribution (RAD): they cannot be included in any quadrature formula in essence (Krylov, 2006). To solve this problem various methods are used by different researchers: Wiscombe (1977), Thomas and Stamnes (2002), Rozanov et al. (2005) and others. The physical model of radiative transfer theory is the ray approximation. In this approximation any break in the boundary conditions spreads into the depth of the medium and generates singularities in the RAD. Scattering in the medium gives, along with the singularities, an anisotropic part in the light field. The difficulties in the calculation of the anisotropic part of the solution led to various truncation methods of the scattering anisotropy that are not completely true: in the general 3-D medium geometry the core of the problem is not the scattering, but the presence of singularities in the RAD. Krylov (2006) showed that the most effective and accurate way of including the singularities in the quadrature formula is their analytical, perhaps approximate, representation and an analytical integration - the method of singularities elimination.
title: An Evaluation of User Perspectives toward Engagement with the NHS National PET-CT Audit Programme
Creators: name: Ross, Peter
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Audit and standards
subject: PET-CT
subject: Nuclear medicine

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Key Definitions (fig.1) Research tells us that within mandated environments such as health care organisations, successful assimilation of change often depends on the implementation process rather than the adoption decision which is usually made at...
Relay Selection in Wireless Powered Cooperative Networks with Energy Storage
Creators: name: Krikidis, Ioannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper deals with the problem of relay selection in wireless powered cooperative networks, where spatially random relays are equipped with energy storage devices e.g., batteries. In contrast to conventional techniques and in order to reduce complexity, the relay nodes can either harvest energy from the source signal (in case of uncharged battery) or attempt to decode and forward it (in case of charged battery). Several relay selection schemes that correspond to different state information requirements and implementation complexities are proposed. The charging/discharging behavior of the battery is modeled as a two-state Markov chain and analytical expressions for the steady-state distribution and the outage probability performance are derived for each relay selection scheme. We prove that energy storage significantly affects the performance of the system and results in a zeroth diversity gain at high signal-to-noise ratios; the convergence floors depend on the steady-state distribution of the battery and are derived in closed-form by using appropriate approximations. The proposed relay selection schemes are generalized to a large-scale network with multiple access points (APs), where relays assist the closest AP and suffer from multi-user interference.
description: IEEE Journal Selected Areas on Communications- Special Issue on Green Communications and Networking
Benchmark results in vector atmospheric radiative transfer
Creators: name: Kokhanovsky, Alexander A.
name: Budak, Vladimir P.
name: Cornet, Celine
name: Duan, Minzheng
name: Emde, Claudia
name: Katsev, Iosif L.
name: Klyukov, Dmitriy A.
name: Korkin, Sergey
name: C-Labonnote, L.
name: Mayer, Bernhard
name: Min, Qilong
name: Nakajima, Teruyuki
name: Ota, Yoshifumi
name: Prikhach, Alexander S.
name: Rozanov, Vladimir V.
name: Yokota, Tatsuya
name: Zege, Eleonora P.
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2010
Subjects: Polarization
Molecular scattering
Clouds
Aerosol
Radiative transfer

description: In this paper seven vector radiative transfer codes are inter-compared for the case of underlying black surface. They include three techniques based on the discrete ordinate method (DOM), two Monte-Carlo methods, the successive orders scattering method, and a modified doubling-adding technique. It was found that all codes give very similar results. Therefore, we were able to produce benchmark results for the Stokes parameters both for reflected and transmitted light in the cases of molecular, aerosol and cloudy multiply scattering media. It was assumed that the single scattering albedo is equal to one. Benchmark results have been provided by several studies before, including Coulson et al. [22], Garcia and Siewert [7], [8], Wauben and Hovenier [10], and Natraj et al. [11] among others. However, the case of the elongated phase functions such as for a cloud and with a high angular resolution is presented here for the first time. Also in difference with other studies, we make inter-comparisons using several codes for the same input dataset, which enables us to quantify the corresponding errors more accurately.
Additional file 1 of Ultrasound-stimulated microbubbles enhancement of fractionated radiation for tumor treatment
Creators: name: Sharma, Deepa
name: McNabb, Evan
name: Law, Niki
name: Cumal, Aaron
name: Czarnota, Gregory J
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 39999
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
Cost-Effective PCR-Based Identification of Tunga penetrans (Siphonaptera) Larvae Extracted from Soil Samples Containing PCR Inhibitor-Rich Material
Creators: name: Amugune, Billy L.
name: Matharu, Abneel K.
name: Ouma, Paul
name: Mutebi, Francis
name: Elson, Lynne
name: Fillinger, Ulrike
name: Krücken, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Tungiasis
subject: Tunga penetrans
subject: molecular entomology
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: Tungiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by skin-penetrating female Tunga penetrans fleas. Although tungiasis causes severe health problems, its ecology is poorly understood and morphological descriptions of the larvae are unavailable. To identify T. penetrans immature stages and sites where they develop, diagnostic PCRs are required. However, flea larvae feed on soil organic matter rich in PCR inhibitors. Here, three DNA preparation methods, including a soil DNA kit that removes inhibitors, a simple ammonium acetate precipitation approach (AmAcet) and a crude lysate of larvae (CL), were combined with amplification by the highly processive FIREPol® Taq or the inhibitor-resistant Phusion® polymerase. Independent of the polymerase used, the frequency of successful amplification, Cq values and PCR efficacies for the low-cost CL and AmAcet methods were superior to the commercial kit for amplification of a 278 bp partial internal transcribed spacer-2 (ITS-2) and a 730 bp pan-Siphonaptera cytochrome oxidase II PCR. For the CL method combined with Phusion® polymerase, the costs were approximately 20-fold lower than for the methods based on the soil DNA kit, which is a considerable advantage in resource-poor settings. The ITS-2 PCR did not amplify Ctenocephalides felis genomic or Tunga trimammilata ITS-2 plasmid DNA, meaning it can be used to specifically identify T. penetrans.
title: To define the form of particles on a polarization state of the scattering optical radiation
title: Defining the shape of particles based on the polarisation state of the scattered optical radiation
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Budak, Vladimir P.
name: Korkin, Sergey
name: Korolev, Konstantin N.
Publisher: name: SPIE
Year: 2009

description: SPIE Remote Sensing, 2009, Berlin, Germany
description: The method to define the form of particles according to remote sensing is given in this work. The method consists in calculation of a phase matrix of environment, on the basis of the data of the solution of a direct scattering problem, by the formulation and the solution of a inverse problem of the transport theory by the least squares method. The form of particles is defined on the received scattering matrix. The solution of a direct scattering problem is spent on the basis of the representation of required spatial distribution of Stokes vector-parameter in the form of superposition of an anisotropic part and rather smooth not small-angular additive. The function of some expansion coefficients from harmonic number is represented by the slowly varying monotonous function owing to strongly marked anisotropy of scattering indicatrix that allows us to limit the number of members in expansion of coefficients at the generalised spherical functions. It greatly simplifies the expressions for the coefficients of the vector equation solution of radiative transfer in the form of matrix exponent - vector small-angular modification of spherical harmonics method (VMSH). In calculation of the smooth additive the anisotropic part received by means of VMSH represents itself as a function of sources.
RESTING POSTURE AND SUBACROMIAL SPACE IN COLLEGIATE VOLLEYBALL ATHLETES
Creators: name: Mir, Jacob
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Previous cross sectional research has evaluated posture and subacromial space measurements in overhead athletes. Posture and subacromial space measurements are valid measures to assess for potential factors leading to injury. The primary purpose of this study was to compare potential subacromial space changes and postural assessments between collegiate volleyball players and the general female college population. Twenty-six collegiate female volleyball players and 26 collegiate female students participated in the study. One independent samples t-test was run to analyze change in posture and subacromial space measurements between the volleyball players and students from pre to post-season. Three paired samples t-tests were run to analyze pre- and post-season measures for the volleyball player group, college student groups, and an all-participant group. There was not a change in posture or subacromial space between collegiate volleyball athletes and college female students, however there was a change in forward head angle in all groups.
Producing Staged Videos for Teacher Education: Development and Content Validation of Video Scripts on the Topic of Handling Classroom Disruptions
Creators: name: Kilbury, Maxie
name: Böhnke, Anja
name: Thiel, Felicitas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: staged videos
subject: teacher education
subject: script development
subject: professional vision
subject: classroom disruptions
subject: development of cases
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::370 Bildung und Erziehung::370 Bildung und Erziehung

description: Video-based teacher training has become an important component of teacher education. A special form of instructional videos is scripted videos, also known as staged videos. They can be used to accomplish several didactic objectives and visualise problematic situations, such as severe classroom disruptions caused by specific behavioural motives, which are very difficult to videotape in a real classroom. However, reservations exist due to limited authenticity, and thus content validity of staged videos. This paper describes the process of a theory-led script development as the key role for authentic and valid scripts. Therefore, we refine four crucial criteria, relevant, engaging, challenging, and realistic, for staged videos dealing with classroom disruptions. We show the content–validation process with reference to the applied theory-led criteria. A key output of this study is a manual for the development of scripted videos which will be perceived as authentic, and which reach the intended cognitive demands. An expert validation and two evaluative studies with data from 274 and 70 preservice teachers confirm the success of the final products.
The Increase of Efficiency of Numerical Solution of the Vectorial Radiative Transfer Equation Based upon the Subtraction of the Anisotropic Part
Creators: name: Budak, Vladimir P.
name: Korkin, Sergey
Publisher: name: AIP
Year: 2009

description: Here we offer the vectorial generalization of the scalar approach that we have developed earlier. The approach concludes in the representation of the radiation field as superposition of anisotropic (singular) part and smooth regular part. We evaluate the singular part in vectorial modification of spherical harmonics method (VMSH). The anisotropic part contains all solution’s singularities discussed above and the regular part evaluated from the vectorial radiative transfer equation boundary problem (VRTE BP) with the VMSH as a source function together with the anisotropic (singular) part give the exact solution of the VRTE BP. 1D problem is considered as a necessary step on the way to 3D polarized radiative transfer model.
title: Diagnosis and Management of Suspected Acute Cholecystitis in the Emergent Setting: Current Concepts
Creators: name: Coleman, Stephanie
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Education
subject: Decision analysis
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Emergency
subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: Ultrasound has been the main modality for diagnosis of suspected acute cholecystitis in the emergent setting. With increasing availability and speed of cross sectional imaging, new methods of diagnosis and management are being...
A Model of Quark and Lepton Mixing and Mass Hierarchy
Creators: name: Barr, S. M.
name: Chen, Heng-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that an idea proposed in 1996 that relates in a qualitatively correct way the inter-family mass hierarchies of the up quarks, down quarks, charged leptons, and neutrinos, can be combined with a predictive scheme recently proposed for relating quark mixing and neutrino mixing. In the resulting model, the entire flavor structure of the quarks and leptons is expressible in terms of two "master matrices": a diagonal matrix that gives the inter-family mass ratios, and an off-diagonal matrix that controls all flavor mixing.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
BRAT: Bonus oRthogonAl Token for Architecture Agnostic Textual Inversion
Creators: name: Baker, James
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

description: Textual Inversion remains a popular method for personalizing diffusion models, in order to teach models new subjects and styles. We note that textual inversion has been underexplored using alternatives to the UNet, and experiment with textual inversion with a vision transformer. We also seek to optimize textual inversion using a strategy that does not require explicit use of the UNet and its idiosyncratic layers, so we add bonus tokens and enforce orthogonality. We find the use of the bonus token improves adherence to the source images and the use of the vision transformer improves adherence to the prompt. Code is available at https://github.com/jamesBaker361/tex_inv_plus.
The Active Site of the Enzyme 10-Formyl-THFDH in the Honey Bee Apis mellifera - A Key Player in Formic Acid Detoxification
Creators: name: Mating, Moritz
name: Zou, Ye
name: Sharbati, Soroush
name: Einspanier, Ralf
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Apis mellifera
subject: 10-formyl-THFDH
subject: mutagenesis
subject: formic acid
subject: detoxification
subject: honey bee
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::577 Ökologie

description: Honey bees are important managed pollinators that fulfill important ecological and economic functions. In recent decades, the obligate ectoparasite Varroa destructor severely affected the survival of honey bees, as it weakened them by different means. A common treatment against V. destructor is formic acid fumigation, which has been used for decades by beekeepers across the world. This treatment is known to be effective, but many beekeepers report adverse effects of formic acid on bees, which include damage to the brood, worker bee mortality, and queen loss. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms of formic acid detoxification in honey bees. Recently, we reported upregulation of the bee enzyme, 10-formyl-THFDH, under formic acid fumigation. Here, the active site of this enzyme is characterized by an interdisciplinary approach combining homology modeling and protein mutagenesis. In addition, the limitations of the 3D protein structure prediction program AlphaFold2 are shown in regard to docking studies. This study provides a more thorough understanding of the molecular detoxification mechanisms of formic acid in Apis mellifera.
title: Abdominal Hydatidosis – Imaging Features
Creators: name: Neto, Nelson
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: Kidney
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Parasites
subject: Infection
subject: Cysts

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: To review the spectrum of hydatidosis’ clinical presentation, focusing on abdominal involvement. To illustrate its most typical imaging features in hepatic, renal, splenic and peritoneal...
Colored graphs without colorful cycles
Creators: name: Ball, Richard N.
name: Pultr, Aleš
name: Vojtěchovský, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C15, 05C55

description: A colored graph is a complete graph in which a color has been assigned to each edge, and a colorful cycle is a cycle in which each edge has a different color. We first show that a colored graph lacks colorful cycles iff it is Gallai, i.e., lacks colorful triangles. We then show that, under the operation $m\circ n\equiv m+n-2$, the omitted lengths of colorful cycles in a colored graph form a monoid isomorphic to a submonoid of the natural numbers which contains all integers past some point. We prove that several but not all such monoids are realized. We then characterize exact Gallai graphs, i.e., graphs in which every triangle has edges of exactly two colors. We show that these are precisely the graphs which can be iteratively built up from three simple colored graphs, having $2$, $4$, and $5$ vertices, respectively. We then characterize in two different ways the monochromes, i.e., the connected components of maximal monochromatic subgraphs, of exact Gallai graphs. The first characterization is in terms of their reduced form, a notion which hinges on the important idea of a full homomorphism. The second characterization is by means of a homomorphism duality.
title: Interactive radiology tutorials - self made!
Creators: name: Talanow, Roland
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: Anatomy
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Education
subject: eLearning
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: To offer a program that allows creating easily interactive radiology tutorials, is available online and is free to...
The Influence of Atmosphere Parameters on the Signal for Remote Sensing Polarimetric Electro?Optical Systems
Creators: name: Budak, Vladimir P.
name: Korkin, Sergey
Publisher: name: AIP
Year: 2009

description: The singularity subtraction on the vectorial modification of spherical harmonics method (VMSH) of the solution of the vectorial radiative transfer equation boundary problem is applied to the problem of influence of atmosphere parameters on the polarimetric system signal. We assume in this model different phase matrices (Mie, Rayleigh, and Henyey?Greenstein), reflecting bottom and particle size distribution. The authors describe the main features of the model and some results of its implementation.
On melting of boron phosphide under pressure
Creators: name: Solozhenko, Vladimir L.
name: Mukhanov, Vladimir A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Melting of cubic boron phosphide, BP has been studied at pressures to 9 GPa using synchrotron X-ray diffraction and electrical resistivity measurements. It has been found that above 2.6 GPa BP melts congruently, and the melting curve exhibits negative slope -60(7) K/GPa, which is indicative of a higher density of the melt as compared to the solid phase.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure
ATMOSPHERE’S OPTICAL MICRO PARAMETERS INFLUENCE UPON POLAR-PHASE CURVES OF SCATTERED RADIATION
Creators: name: Korkin, Sergey
Publisher: name: ISPRS
Year: 2008

description: ISPRS Congress Beijing 2008, 3-11 Jul 2008
description: Here we describe an efficient mathematical model of polarized radiation transfer for the purposes of passive polarimeters operation. The model is built upon a new approach to the solution of a vectorial radiation transfer equation (VRTE) boundary problem based on the subtraction of VRTE solution’s spatial singularities by means of the vectorial small angle modification of spherical harmonics method (VMSH) with the subsequent determination of the solution’s smooth part. The atmosphere is considered as a slab of an arbitrary thickness. The angle of irradiance is arbitrary and a diffusely reflecting bottom boundary with variable reflectance was admitted. We explore the influence of the turbid media upon the spatial distribution of the polarization state of reflected or transmitted radiation by both changing of scalar parameters (single scattering albedo, optical thickness of a slab, average scattering cosine or the maximum degree of polarization state and elasticity within single scattering act for Heneye-Greenstein (HG) scattering model) and the substitution of different scattering matrix models: HG, Rayleigh, Mie.
Cluster Formation Effect of Water on Pristine and Defective MoS2 Monolayers
Creators: name: Wang, Kangli
name: Paulus, Beate
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: water cluster
subject: molybdenum disulfide
subject: optical properties
subject: Bethe–Salpeter equation
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: The structure and electronic properties of the molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) monolayer upon water cluster adsorption are studied using density functional theory and the optical properties are further analyzed with the Bethe–Salpeter equation (BSE). Our results reveal that the water clusters are electron acceptors, and the acceptor tendency tends to increase with the size of the water cluster. The electronic band gap of both pristine and defective MoS2 is rather insensitive to water cluster adsorbates, as all the clusters are weakly bound to the MoS2 surface. However, our calculations on the BSE level show that the adsorption of the water cluster can dramatically redshift the optical absorption for both pristine and defective MoS2 monolayers. The binding energy of the excitons of MoS2 is greatly enhanced with the increasing size of the water cluster and finally converges to a value of approximately 1.16 eV and 1.09 eV for the pristine and defective MoS2 monolayers, respectively. This illustrates that the presence of the water cluster could localize the excitons of MoS2, thereby greatly enhance the excitonic binding energy.
title: Paraduodenal pancreatitis: unrecognized or misdiagnosed?
Creators: name: Arora, Ankur
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Pancreas
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Inflammation

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: The ‘ inflammatory mass ’ of Paraduodenal Pancreatitis is a generic diagnosis that only a radiologist can suggest and a pathologist can characterize. And, it is uncertain if we as radiologists are paying sufficient attention to this recently...
Active region upflows: 1. Multi-instrument observations
Creators: name: Vanninathan, K.
name: Madjarska, M. S.
name: Galsgaard, K.
name: Huang, Z.
name: Doyle, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Upflows at the edges of active regions (ARs) are studied by spatially and temporally combining multi-instrument observations obtained with EIS/Hinode, AIA and HMI/SDO and IBIS/NSO, to derive their plasma parameters. This information is used for benchmarking data-driven modelling of the upflows (Galsgaard et al., 2015). The studied AR upflow displays blueshifted emission of 5-20 km/s in Fe XII and Fe XIII and its average electron density is 1.8x10^9 cm^3 at 1 MK. The time variation of the density shows no significant change (in a 3sigma error). The plasma density along a single loop drops by 50% over a distance of 20000 km. We find a second velocity component in the blue wing of the Fe XII and Fe XIII lines at 105 km/s. This component is persistent during the whole observing period of 3.5 hours with variations of only 15 km/s. We also study the evolution of the photospheric magnetic field and find that magnetic flux diffusion is responsible for the formation of the upflow region. High cadence Halpha observations of the chromosphere at the footpoints of the upflow region show no significant jet-like (spicule/rapid blue excursion) activity to account for several hours/days of plasma upflow. Using an image enhancement technique, we show that the coronal structures seen in the AIA 193A channel is comparable to the EIS Fe XII images, while images in the AIA 171A channel reveals additional loops that are a result of contribution from cooler emission to this channel. Our results suggest that at chromospheric heights there are no signatures that support the possible contribution of spicules to AR upflows. We suggest that magnetic flux diffusion is responsible for the formation of the coronal upflows. The existence of two velocity components possibly indicate the presence of two different flows which are produced by two different physical mechanisms, e.g. magnetic reconnection and pressure-driven.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. Data driven modelling using observations from this paper is presented in Galsgaard et al. 2015 (also accepted for publication in A&A and on arxiv)
Plasma Amino Acid Concentration in Obese Horses with/without Insulin Dysregulation and Laminitis
Creators: name: Stoeckle, Sabita Diana
name: Timmermann, Detlef
name: Merle, Roswitha
name: Gehlen, Heidrun
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: insulin resistance
subject: equine metabolic syndrome
subject: amino acid
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Laminitic horses commonly suffer from an endocrine disease such as equine metabolic syndrome. Hyperinsulinemia is considered a key factor in the pathogenesis of laminitis. Since insulin also affects protein turnover in the body, the resting plasma amino acid concentrations of obese horses that were presented for a combined glucose insulin test (CGIT) were determined. In total, 25 obese horses and two lean horses with recurrent laminitis underwent a CGIT. Of these, five were not insulin dysregulated (obese), 14 were insulin dysregulated (ID), and eight were insulin-dysregulated and laminitic (IDL). Significant differences in the resting concentrations between obese and insulin dysregulated and laminitic (citrulline p = 0.038, obese: 73.001 ± 12.661 nmol/mL, IDL: 49.194 ± 15.486 nmol/mL; GABA p = 0.02, obese: 28.234 ± 3.885 nmol/mL, IDL: 16.697 ± 1.679 nmol/mL; methionine p = 0.018, obese: 28.691 ± 5.913 nmol/mL, IDL: 20.143 ± 3.09 nmol/mL) as well as between insulin dysregulated individuals with and without laminitis (GABA p < 0.001, ID: 28.169 ± 6.739 nmol/mL) regarding three amino acids were determined. This may be an interesting approach, especially for diagnostic testing and possibly also for the feed supplements of horses at risk of developing laminitis. However, further research, including a higher number of cases, is required.
The vectorial radiative transfer equation problem in the small angle modification of the spherical harmonics method with the determination of the solution smooth part
Creators: name: Budak, V. P.
name: Korkin, Sergey
Publisher: name: SPIE
Year: 2006

description: SPIE Asia-Pacific Remote Sensing, 2006, Goa, India
description: The paper deals with the vectorial radiative transfer equation (VRTE) problem for a homogeneous strongly anisotropic scattering slab illuminated by a plain unidirectional source of light with an arbitrary angle of irradiance and polarization state. The problem is a theoretical base for the polarized satellite remote sensing (POLDER, PARASOL and others). The VRTE boundary problem decomposition allows reducing to the nonreflecting bottom with subsequent including its polarization properties. We give the complete analysis for the solution smooth non-small angle part for the vectorial small angle modification of the spherical harmonics method (VMSH) built upon the smoothness of the spatial spectrum of the light field distribution vector-function caused by mathematical singularities of the top-boundary condition for the VRTE boundary problem and the anisotropy of many natural scattering media (clouds, ocean). The VMSH itself is described as well.
Additional file 1 of Creating access to SARS-CoV-2 screening and testing through community-based COVID-19 case-finding, observations from cross-sectional studies in Lesotho and Zambia
Creators: name: Klinkenberg, Eveline
name: Katende, Bulemba
name: Ruperez, Maria
name: Bresser, Moniek
name: Kangololo, Bxyn
name: Bwalya, Justin
name: Erhardt, Rahel M.
name: Schaap, Ab
name: Kasese, Nkatya
name: Gatchie, Thomas
name: Floyd, Sian
name: ‘Mota, ‘Mota J.
name: Ayles, Helen
name: Shanaube, Kwame
name: Reither, Klaus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1