cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Predicting Low Probability Streamflow Using Lidar Data and Hydraulic Geometry
Creators: name: Mardones, Javier
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Water resources management
subject: Hydraulic engineering
subject: Hydrologic sciences
subject: Bankfull discharge
subject: Gumbel
subject: Hydraulic geometry
subject: Shield's number
subject: Streamflow prediction
subject: Ungauged streams

description: Predicting stream flow is essential for safe and economic planning and design of hydraulic structures. This study uses the observed channel cross-section from LiDAR data and physical concepts of shear stress to estimate bankfull discharge (Qbf). Assuming that Qbf is the median of the annual peak flow distribution, a 2-parameter Extreme Value Type I distribution was fitted to predict discharge to a 200-year return period. The method was compared with gauged sites in low-order streams (less than 90-meter bankfull width) resulting in SE/SY=1.31 for Qbf and SE/SY=1.90 for the 200-year return period discharge; model precision is poor. However, the relative bias (-15\% to +15\%) demonstrates that on average results are similar to gauged data. Relationships between flow and channel geometry assure a quick way to estimate stream data and can serve as a tool used prior to applying conventional hydrologic methods such as flow routing and regional regression equations.
Charge dynamics in magnetically disordered Mott insulators
Creators: name: Bleicker, Philip
name: Hering, Dag-Björn
name: Uhrig, Götz S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the aid of both a semi-analytical and a numerically exact method we investigate the charge dynamics in the vicinity of half-filling in the one- and two-dimensional $t$-$J$ model derived from a Fermi-Hubbard model in the limit of large interaction $U$ and hence small exchange coupling $J$. The spin degrees of freedom are taken to be disordered. So we consider the limit $0 < J \ll T \ll W$ where $W$ is the band width. We focus on evaluating the spectral density of a single hole excitation and the charge gap which separates the upper and the lower Hubbard band. One of the key findings is the evidence for the absence of sharp edges of the Hubbard band, instead Gaussian tails appear.
Estudio crítico del desarrollo histórico de los enfoques de la  formación del Instructor de Arte en el período de 1959 hasta 2018
Creators: name: Alvarez García, Aylín
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: En la tesis se emplea la periodización como proceder metodológico para revelar los hitos en la formación del Instructor de Arte de 1959 hasta 2018 en Cuba y las principales tendencias en los enfoques de dicha formación.

El análisis de las etapas se realiza teniendo en cuenta: consideraciones sobre el contexto económico, político y social; condiciones educacionales; tendencias que se reflejan en el enfoque de la formación del Instructor de Arte; correspondencia entre lo ideal proyectado en los programas y lo logrado en la realidad y las generalidades del estudio
Affleck-Dine leptogenesis via multiscalar evolution in a supersymmetric seesaw model
Creators: name: Senami, Masato
name: Takayama, Tsutomu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A leptogenesis scenario in a supersymmetric standard model extended with introducing right-handed neutrinos is reconsidered. Lepton asymmetry is produced in the condensate of a right-handed sneutrino via the Affleck-Dine mechanism. The LH_u direction develops large value due to a negative effective mass induced by the right-handed sneutrino condensate through the Yukawa coupling of the right-handed neutrino, even if the minimum during the inflation is fixed at the origin. The lepton asymmetry is nonperturbatively transfered to the LH_u direction by this Yukawa coupling.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures. Revised version for publication. The model was modified to fix some problems
REAL-TIME COMPARISON OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL AEROSOL MEASUREMENT METHODS
Creators: name: OYEBANJO, FRANCIS
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
subject: Atmospheric sciences
subject: Environmental science
subject: Aerosol
subject: Black Carbon
subject: CPC
subject: Particulate Matter
subject: PM2.5
subject: Raman Spectroscopy

description: Atmospheric aerosols are major contributors to air pollution. Overexposure to these particles can cause severe respiratory and cardiovascular impairments. Aerosols also affect the planet's climate through radiative forcing. Various techniques exist to monitor the physical and chemical characteristic of aerosols but few allow for real-time analysis. In this thesis, real-time field measurements of aerosol particles were compared with values reported by state regulatory agencies. These values were also compared to mass concentrations of PM2.5 in order to determine if a correlation exists between the two. Lastly, the relationship between particle mobility-size and chemical characterization using Raman spectroscopy is explored in an effort to obtain quantitative semi-continuous spectral data. This study found no variation between local and regional particulate matter measurements and no discernable correlation between PM2.5 mass and particle number concentration. The relationship between particle size and Raman intensity remains unknown due to the non-uniformity of mobility-size selected particles.
Spinorial formulation of the GW-BSE equations and spin properties of excitons in 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Marsili, Margherita
name: Molina-Sánchez, Alejandro
name: Palummo, Maurizia
name: Sangalli, Davide
name: Marini, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In many paradigmatic materials, like Transition Metal Dichalcogenides, the role played by the spin degrees of freedom is as important as the one played by the electron-electron interaction. Thus an accurate treatment of the two effects and of their interaction is necessary for an accurate and predictive study of the optical and electronic properties of these materials. Despite the GW-BSE approach correctly accounts for electronic correlations the spin-orbit coupling effect is often neglected or treated perturbatively. Recently spinorial formulations of GW-BSE have become available in different flavours in material-science codes. Still an accurate validation and comparison of different approaches is missing. In this work we go through the derivation of non collinear GW-BSE approach. The scheme is applied to transition metal dichalcogenides comparing perturbative and full spinorial approach. Our calculations reveal that dark-bright exciton splittings are generally improved when the spin orbit coupling is included non perturbatively. The exchange-driven intravalley mixing between the A and B exciton is found to be extremely important in the case of MoSe$_2$. We finally define the excitonic spin and use it to sharply analyze the spinorial properties of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides excitonic states.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 2 of Combinatorial Wnt signaling landscape during brachiopod anteroposterior patterning
Creators: name: Vellutini, Bruno C.
name: Martín-Durán, José M.
name: Børve, Aina
name: Hejnol, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S2: [PDF] Phylogenetic analysis of Terebratalia transversa Wnt1 proteins. Best-scoring tree of a maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis using amino acid sequences of genes from the wnt1 subfamily with wnt6 as an outgroup. Branch lengths are proportional to the amount of sequence change, and the numbers show the support values of individual branches. Both Terebratalia transversa (Ttra) and Lingula anatina (Lana), a rhynchonelliform and a linguliform brachiopod, respectively, have two copies of wnt1. If this was an ancient duplication event at the base of Brachiopoda, we would expect the orthologous wnt1 paralogs from different species to cluster together (i.e., Ttra wnt1 with Lana wnt1). Instead, the tree reveals that the paralog copies of each species cluster together, suggesting that the duplication of wnt1 occurred independently in T. transversa and L. anatina. T. transversa wnt1t also shows a longer branch length indicating rapid evolution. Taxon sampling was focused in spiralians. The other species are Biomphalaria glabrata (Bgla), Branchiostoma floridae (Bflo), Bugula neritina (Bner), Capitella teleta (Ctel), Crassostrea virginica (Cvir), Doryteuthis pealeii (Dpea), Euprymna scolopes (Esco), Homo sapiens (Hsap), Lingula anatina (Lana), Lottia gigantea (Lgig), Membranipora membranacea (Mmem), Mizuhopecten yessoensis (Myes), Mytilus coruscus (Mcor), Mytilus edulis (Medu), Mytilus galloprovincialis (Mgal), Pecten maximus (Pmax), Perinereis nuntia (Pnun), Plakobranchus ocellatus (Poce), Platynereis dumerilii (Pdum), Saccoglossus kowalevskii (Skow), and Urechis unicinctus (Uuni).
Laterally loaded wood compression members : finite element and reliability analysis
Creators: name: Koka, Exaud Noe
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis consists of two parts. The first part describes the analysis and implementation of a finite element computer model for the general prediction of failure of wood members in bending or in combined bending and axial compression. Both instability and material strength failures are included. The program is verified using available analytical and test results. A good agreement with the results predicted by this program is observed. The second part describes a procedure for the structural reliability evaluation of a compression member assuming random loads and material variables. The program developed here for the reliability study links the finite element program and the Rackwitz-Fiessler algorithm for the calculation of the reliability index β. The gradient of the failure function, which is a necessary input to the Rackwitz-Fiessler algorithm, is computed numerically using the finite element routine. The results of the reliability study for a typical column problem are compared against the available results obtained by following the code procedures [as outlined in CAN3-086.1-M84 (1984)] for different slenderness ratios. A performance factor ɸ⍴ = 0.75, for compression members of any length is recommended in order to obtain a more accurate and consistent level of reliability in the design process. It is estimated that if this factor ɸ⍴ = 0.75 adopted in the current design practices, a level reliability index of the order of 4.0 can be achieved.
U_A(1) anomaly and eta' mass from an infrared singular quark-gluon vertex
Creators: name: Alkofer, Reinhard
name: Fischer, Christian S.
name: Williams, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $U_A(1)$ problem of QCD is inevitably tied to the infrared behaviour of quarks and gluons with its most visible effect being the $η^\prime$ mass. A dimensional argument of Kogut and Susskind showed that the mixing of the pseudoscalar flavour-singlet mesons with gluons can provide a screening of the Goldstone pole in this channel if the full quark-quark interaction is strongly infrared singular as $\sim 1/k^4$. We investigate this idea using previously obtained results for the Landau gauge ghost and gluon propagator, together with recent determinations for the singular behaviour of the quark-gluon vertex. We find that, even with an infrared vanishing gluon propagator, the singular structure of the quark-gluon vertex for certain kinematics is apposite for yielding a non-zero screening mass.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Version to appear in EPJA
Elite Network Manipulation and Regime Centralization: Central-Local Relation During the Formation of the Chinese Communist State (1949-1956)
Creators: name: Lai, Yongzhen
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2021

description: Central-local relation is an essential issue in understanding elite interaction in authoritarian regime formation, while most research of state formation focuses mainly on consolidation of sovereign power. Using social network analysis in the case of the Chinese communist state (the People’s Republic of China, PRC) in the early 1950s, this article analyzes regime centralization by focusing on the process of authoritarian strategies in shaping central-local co-working networks. Co-optation and re-shuffling are two major strategies in authoritarian regime survival. In the central-local relation of authoritarian state building, while co-optation produces a close central-local connection, political elites still have their own influence over their subordinates and play an important role in connecting the central and local echelon, as indicated by the case of the CCP Central promoting regional PLA military elites into the central government in 1952. Rather, through realigning with certain co-opted elites for support, central authoritarian leaders may reshape the central-local relation by reshuffling elites and the established elite co-working network is weakened. As for the Chinese communist elites, regional cadres still played a leading role in policymaking after 1952 until the abolishment of Regional Bureaus in 1954 after the intra-party cleavage of “Gao-Rao Affair”.
The NMSSM with m_h > 115 GeV and a moderate stop mass
Creators: name: Cavicchia, Leone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the generic NMSSM with the coupling λS H_1 H_2 at the limit of perturbativity, λ~0.7-0.8, and a moderate stop mass, m_{\tilde{t}} < 300 GeV. Respecting the LEP2 bounds and insisting on naturalness, we delimit the allowed region of parameter space and we study the spectrum and phenomenology of the relatively light new particles.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures; 2 references added, minor changes in text
Non-Gaussian photonic state engineering with the quantum frequency processor
Creators: name: Pizzimenti, Andrew J.
name: Lukens, Joseph M.
name: Lu, Hsuan-Hao
name: Peters, Nicholas A.
name: Guha, Saikat
name: Gagatsos, Christos N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Gaussian quantum states of light are critical resources for optical quantum information processing, but methods to generate them efficiently remain challenging to implement. Here we introduce a generic approach for non-Gaussian state production from input states populating discrete frequency bins. Based on controllable unitary operations with a quantum frequency processor, followed by photon-number-resolved detection of ancilla modes, our method combines recent developments in both frequency-based quantum information and non-Gaussian state preparation. Leveraging and refining the K-function representation of quantum states in the coherent basis, we develop a theoretical model amenable to numerical optimization and, as specific examples, design quantum frequency processor circuits for the production of Schrödinger cat states, exploring the performance tradeoffs for several combinations of ancilla modes and circuit depth. Our scheme provides a valuable general framework for producing complex quantum states in frequency bins, paving the way for single-spatial-mode, fiber-optic-compatible non-Gaussian resource states.
description: 14 pages and 4 figures
Additional file 6 of Combinatorial Wnt signaling landscape during brachiopod anteroposterior patterning
Creators: name: Vellutini, Bruno C.
name: Martín-Durán, José M.
name: Børve, Aina
name: Hejnol, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Fig. S6: [PDF] Schematic drawings summarizing the expression of wnt1, wnt1t, wnt2, wnt4, wnt5, wnt6, and wnt7 in Terebratalia transversa. For each developmental stage of each gene, a blastoporal/ventral view (top) and a lateral view (bottom) are shown. Faded colors represent expression domains in the mesoderm or endoderm, or in the ectoderm when it is beneath the mantle lobe.
Repeated pattern of gamma-ray flares in the lightcurve of the blazar 3C 279
Creators: name: Blinov, D.
name: Jorstad, S. G.
name: Larionov, V. M.
name: MacDonald, N. R.
name: Grishina, T.
name: Kopatskaya, E.
name: Larionova, E.
name: Larionova, L.
name: Morozova, D.
name: Nikiforova, A.
name: Savchenko, S.
name: Troitskaya, Y.
name: Troitsky, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical polarization plane of some blazars occasionally exhibits smooth hundred degree long rotations. Multiple theoretical models have been proposed to explain the nature of such events. A deterministic origin of these rotations, however, remains uncertain. We aim to find repeating patterns of flares in gamma-ray light curves of blazars, which accompany optical polarization plane rotations. Such patterns have been predicted to occur by one of the models explaining this phenomenon. For the blazar 3C 279, where multiple polarization plane rotations have been reported in the literature, we obtain the Fermi-LAT gamma-ray light curve and analyze its intervals adjacent to polarization plane rotations. We find a complex characteristic pattern of flares in the gamma-ray light curve that is repeated during periods adjacent to three large amplitude EVPA rotation events in 3C 279. We discover a "hidden EVPA rotation", which can only be seen in the relative Stokes parameters plane and that occurred simultaneously with the fourth repetition of the pattern. This finding strongly favors the hypothesis of emission features propagating in the jet as the reason of optical polarization plane rotations. Furthermore, it is compatible with the hypothesis of a sheath in the jet comprised of more slowly propagating emission features.
description: Accepted to MNRAS; Press release http://users.physics.uoc.gr/~blinov/3c279.html
Extension of thermonuclear functions through the pathway model including Maxwell-Boltzmann and Tsallis distributions
Creators: name: Haubold, H. J.
name: Kumar, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Maxwell-Boltzmannian approach to nuclear reaction rate theory is extended to cover Tsallis statistics (Tsallis, 1988) and more general cases of distribution functions. An analytical study of respective thermonuclear functions is being conducted with the help of statistical techniques. The pathway model, recently introduced by Mathai (2005), is utilized for thermonuclear functions and closed-form representations are obtained in terms of H-functions and G-functions. Maxwell-Boltzmannian thermonuclear functions become particular cases of the extended thermonuclear functions. A brief review on the development of the theory of analytic representations of nuclear reaction rates is given.
description: 16 pages, LaTeX
MOESM6 of Genome-wide survey and expression analysis of calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) in grass Brachypodium distachyon
Creators: name: Wen, Feng
name: Ye, Feng
name: Xiao, Zhulong
name: Liao, Liang
name: Li, Tongjian
name: Jia, Mingliang
name: Liu, Xinsheng
name: Wu, Xiaozhu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 6 The CDS and protein sequence of BdCDPKs.
New formula for a resonant scattering near an inelastic threshold
Creators: name: Lesniak, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Flatte formula is not adequate to interpret precision data on a resonance production near an inelastic threshold. A unitary parameterization, satisfying generalized Watson's theorem for the production amplitudes, is proposed to replace the Flatte parameterization in phenomenological analyses of experimental data.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, contributed to SCADRON 70, Workshop on Scalar Mesons and Related Topics, February 11-16, 2008, Lisbon, Portugal
Relief in the City: A Cohousing Complex for Stressed Millennials
Creators: name: Wan, Christina Huang
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: How can design induce relief? How can design create a stress-free living environment that fosters new relationships and community growth for millennials struggling to have a life outside work? This project focuses on implementing a cohousing community into the dense urban neighborhood of Shaw, DC. Due to the large millennial demographic and how Shaw is currently undergoing an urban transformation, the proposed program will assimilate well onto the site. The design is approached by understanding the social and environmental influences millennial workers go through in their daily lives, and how architecture, nature, and community can impact these users.
Casimir-Polder interatomic potential between two atoms at finite temperature and in the presence of boundary conditions
Creators: name: Passante, R.
name: Spagnolo, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the Casimir-Polder potential between two atoms in the presence of an infinite perfectly conducting plate and at nonzero temperature. In order to calculate the potential, we use a method based on equal-time spatial correlations of the electric field, already used to evaluate the effect of boundary conditions on interatomic potentials. This method gives also a transparent physical picture of the role of a finite temperature and boundary conditions on the Casimir-Polder potential. We obtain an analytical expression of the potential both in the near and far zones, and consider several limiting cases of interest, according to the values of the parameters involved, such as atom-atom distance, atoms-wall distance and temperature.
description: 11 pages
Green Beer: Preserving Dayton's Industrial Legacy Through Sustainable Brewing Practices
Creators: name: Schrantz, Emma Theresa
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: adaptive reuse
subject: architecture
subject: brewing
subject: craft beer
subject: creative placemaking
subject: historic preservation

description: Small-scale “craft” brewing is experiencing a renaissance in American culture and has caused a cultural shift in urban communities. The movement has rapidly impacted urban development in American Rust Belt cities, and in many ways, has promoted the rehabilitation of historic buildings and districts. This project explores ways in which craft brewing has increased economic redevelopment of historic places, as well as investigating larger trends and benefits of sustainable preservation and brewing. These findings will be synthesized through the design of a proposed ‘sustainable craft brewery’ and business collective, representing the intersections of urban agriculture, historic preservation, and sustainability. Style, materiality, and brand management will be inspired by the history and culture of the Wright-Dunbar Village, which is at the cusp of economic redevelopment in Dayton, Ohio. The goal of this design intervention is to preserve the legacy of a forgotten place, while creating a new urban community and tourist destination for Dayton.
Intensity oscillations in coronal XBPs from Hinode/XRT observations
Creators: name: Kariyappa, R.
name: Varghese, B. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our aim is to investigate the intensity oscillations in coronal X-ray Bright Points (XBPs). We analysed a 7-hours long time sequence of the soft X-ray images obtained on April 14, 2007 with 2-min cadence using X-Ray Telescope (XRT) on-board the Hinode mission. We use SSW in IDL to derive the time series of 14 XBPs and 2 background regions. For the first time, we have tried to use power spectrum analysis on XBPs data to determine the periods of intensity oscillations. coronal X-ray Bright Points (XBPs). The power spectra of XBPs show several significant peaks at different frequencies corresponding to a wide variety of time scales which range from a few minutes to hours. The light curves of all the XBPs give the impression that the XBPs can be grouped into three classes depending on emission levels: (i) weak XBPs; (ii) bright XBPs; and (iii) very strong XBPs. The periods of intensity oscillation are consistent in all the XBPs and are independent of their brightness level, suggesting that the heating mechanisms in all the three groups of XBPs are similar. The different classes of XBPs may be related to the different strengths of the magnetic field with which they have been associated.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Are all post-starbursts mergers? HST reveals hidden disturbances in the majority of PSBs
Creators: name: Sazonova, Elizaveta
name: Alatalo, Katherine
name: Rowlands, Kate
name: Deustua, Susana E.
name: French, Decker
name: Heckman, Timothy M.
name: Lanz, Lauranne
name: Lisenfeld, Ute
name: Luo, Yuanze
name: Medling, Anne M.
name: Nyland, Kristina
name: Otter, Justin A.
name: Petric, Andreea
name: Snyder, Gregory F.
name: Urry, Claudia M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How do galaxies transform from blue, star-forming spirals to red, quiescent early-type galaxies? To answer this question, we analyzed a set of 26 gas-rich, shocked post-starburst galaxies with Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging in B, I, and H bands, and Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) i-band imaging of similar depth but lower resolution. We found that post-starbursts in our sample have intermediate morphologies between disk- and bulge-dominated (Sérsic n$=1.7^{+0.3}_{-0.0}$) and have red bulges, likely due to dust obscuration in the cores. Majority of galaxies in our sample are more morphologically disturbed than regular galaxies (88%, corresponding to >3$σ$ significance) when observed with HST, with asymmetry and Sérsic residual flux fraction being the most successful measures of disturbance. Most disturbances are undetected at the lower resolution of SDSS imaging. Although ~27% galaxies are clear merger remnants, we found that disturbances in another ~30% of the sample are internal, caused by small-scale perturbations or dust substructures rather than tidal features, and require high-resolution imaging to detect. We found a 2.8$σ$ evidence that asymmetry features fade on timescales ~200 Myr, and may vanish entirely after ~750 Myr, so we do not rule out a possible merger origin of all post-starbursts given that asymmetric features may have already faded. This work highlights the importance of small-scale disturbances, detected only in high-resolution imaging, in understanding structural evolution of transitioning galaxies.
description: 31 pages, 19 figures, 2 figure sets, 1 machine-readable table; accepted to ApJ
Hello Internet! - An Online Starting Point For Adult Digital Literacy Learners
Creators: name: Dodge, Steven
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Library science
subject: Information science
subject: Information technology
subject: digital literacy
subject: digital literacy education
subject: online starting point

description: While physical access to information technology is critical to actively engaging and participating in an increasingly digital society, having physical access alone is not enough as people need the skills necessary to use the technology to reap its benefits. Teaching adults how to use technology is a challenge that public libraries in the United States are currently confronting through various methods. This paper explores how American public libraries can use an online starting point to help adult patrons learn and practice basic Internet skills. In the case study presented in this report, an online starting point called Hello Internet! was created and tested over the course of three stages at the District of Columbia Public Library.
Additional file 7 of Combinatorial Wnt signaling landscape during brachiopod anteroposterior patterning
Creators: name: Vellutini, Bruno C.
name: Martín-Durán, José M.
name: Børve, Aina
name: Hejnol, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7: Fig. S7: [PDF] Schematic drawings summarizing the expression of wnt8, wnt9, wnt10, wnt11, wnt16, and wntA in Terebratalia transversa. For each developmental stage of each gene, a blastoporal/ventral view (top) and a lateral view (bottom) are shown. Faded colors represent expression domains in the mesoderm or endoderm, or in the ectoderm when it is beneath the mantle lobe.
Progenitor Dependence of Hadron-quark Phase Transition in Failing Core-collapse Supernovae
Creators: name: Zha, Shuai
name: O'Connor, Evan P.
name: Schneider, André da Silva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the consequences of a hadron-quark phase transition (PT) in failing core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) which give birth to stellar-mass black holes (BH). We perform a suite of neutrino-transport general-relativistic hydrodynamic simulations in spherical symmetry with 21 progenitor models and a hybrid equation of state (EoS) including hadrons and quarks. We find that the effect of the PT on the CCSN postbounce dynamics is a function of the bounce compactness parameter $ξ_{2.2}$. For $ξ_{2.2}\gtrsim0.24$, the PT leads to a second dynamical collapse of the protocompact star (PCS). While BH formation starts immediately after this second collapse for models with $ξ_{2.2}\gtrsim0.51$, the PCS experiences a second bounce and oscillations for models with $0.24\lesssimξ_{2.2}\lesssim0.51$. These models emit potent oscillatory neutrino signals with a period of $\sim$ms for tens of ms after the second bounce, which can be a strong indicator of the PT in failing CCSNe if detected in the future. However, no shock revival occurs and BH formation inevitably takes place in our spherically-symmetric simulations. Furthermore, via a diagram of mass-specific entropy evolution of the PCS, the progenitor dependence can be understood through the appearance of third-family of compact stars emerging at large entropy induced by the PT.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures. Accepted by ApJ
Qubit-portraits of qudit states and quantum correlations
Creators: name: Lupo, C.
name: Man'ko, V. I.
name: Marmo, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The machinery of qubit-portraits of qudit states, recently presented, is consider here in more details in order to characterize the presence of quantum correlations in bipartite qudit states. In the tomographic representation of quantum mechanics, Bell-like inequalities are interpreted as peculiar properties of a family of classical joint probability distributions which describe the quantum state of two qudits. By means of the qubit-portraits machinery a semigroup of stochastic matrices can be associated to a given quantum state. The violation of the CHSH inequalities is discussed in this framework with some examples, we found that quantum correlations in qutrit isotropic states can be detected by the suggested method while it cannot in the case of qutrit Werner states.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Probing Ultra-light Axion Dark Matter from 21cm Tomography using Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Sabiu, Cristiano G.
name: Kadota, Kenji
name: Asorey, Jacobo
name: Park, Inkyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present forecasts on the detectability of Ultra-light axion-like particles (ULAP) from future 21cm radio observations around the epoch of reionization (EoR). We show that the axion as the dominant dark matter component has a significant impact on the reionization history due to the suppression of small scale density perturbations in the early universe. This behavior depends strongly on the mass of the axion particle. Using numerical simulations of the brightness temperature field of neutral hydrogen over a large redshift range, we construct a suite of training data. This data is used to train a convolutional neural network that can build a connection between the spatial structures of the brightness temperature field and the input axion mass directly. We construct mock observations of the future Square Kilometer Array survey, SKA1-Low, and find that even in the presence of realistic noise and resolution constraints, the network is still able to predict the input axion mass. We find that the axion mass can be recovered over a wide mass range with a precision of approximately 20\%, and as the whole DM contribution, the axion can be detected using SKA1-Low at 68\% if the axion mass is $M_X<1.86 \times10^{-20}$eV although this can decrease to $M_X<5.25 \times10^{-21}$eV if we relax our assumptions on the astrophysical modeling by treating those astrophysical parameters as nuisance parameters.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, accepted in JCAP
Protocluster detection in simulations of HSC-SSP and the 10-year LSST forecast, using PCcones
Creators: name: Araya-Araya, Pablo
name: Vicentin, Marcelo C.
name: Sodré, Laerte
name: Overzier, Roderik A.
name: Cuevas, Hector
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The progenitors of present-day galaxy clusters give important clues about the evolution of the large scale structure, cosmic mass assembly, and galaxy evolution. Simulations are a major tool for these studies since they are used to interpret observations. In this work, we introduce a set of "protocluster-lightcones", dubbed PCcones. They are mock galaxy catalogs generated from the Millennium Simulation with the L-GALAXIES semi-analytic model. These lightcones were constructed by placing a desired structure at the redshift of interest in the centre of the cone. This approach allows to adopt a set of observational constraints, such as magnitude limits and uncertainties in magnitudes and photometric redshifts (photo-zs), to produce realistic simulations of photometric surveys. We show that photo-zs obtained with PCcones are more accurate than those obtained directly with the Millennium Simulation, mostly due to the difference in how apparent magnitudes are computed. We apply PCcones in the determination of the expected accuracy of protocluster detection using photo-zs in the $z=1-3$ range in the wide-layer of HSC-SSP and the 10-year LSST forecast. With our technique, we expect to recover only $\sim38\%$ and $\sim 43\%$ of all massive galaxy cluster progenitors with more than 70\% of purity for HSC-SSP and LSST, respectively. Indeed, the combination of observational constraints and photo-z uncertainties affects the detection of structures critically for both emulations, indicating the need of spectroscopic redshifts to improve detection. We also compare our mocks of the Deep CFHTLS at $z<1.5$ with observed cluster catalogs, as an extra validation of the lightcones and methods.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 22 pages, 17 figures, 4 tables (including appendices)
The Effect of a Safety Controller on User Performance Through a Prosthetic Interface
Creators: name: Shuggi, Isabelle Marie
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Engineering
subject: Cognitive Workload
subject: Human Body Machine Interface
subject: Performance
subject: Safety

description: The objective of this thesis was to examine the interaction between user safety and cognitive-motor performance during reaching movements executed with a robotic arm through a human body machine interface (HBMI). Specifically, the effects of a safety controller on user cognitive workload and kinematics were assessed during learning the control of a simulated prosthetic arm through limited head movements. The results revealed that, compared to the group performing without the safety controller, the users assisted with the safety controller exhibited: i) a lower rate of information transfer, ii) a higher cognitive workload and iii) a reduced number of times the user brought the robotic arm close to the workspace boundaries when performing the adaptive reaching task. These results suggest that the autonomous safety controller increased user cognitive workload and reduced information transfer but provided a safer environment. This work contributes to the development of assistive technology such as HBMI and neuroprosthetics.
Additional file 8 of Combinatorial Wnt signaling landscape during brachiopod anteroposterior patterning
Creators: name: Vellutini, Bruno C.
name: Martín-Durán, José M.
name: Børve, Aina
name: Hejnol, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Fig. S8: [PDF] Orthology assignment of Terebratalia transversa Frizzled proteins. Best-scoring tree of a maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis using the amino acid sequences of well-annotated Frizzled proteins. The color-coding represents different Frizzled subfamilies and the numbers show the support values of individual branches. Terebratalia transversa (Ttra) orthologs are highlighted in bold. The other species are Branchiostoma belcheri (Bbel), Capitella teleta (Ctel), Drosophila melanogaster (Dmel), Euperipatoides kanangrensis (Ekan), Homo sapiens (Hsap), Lingula anatina (Lana), Lottia gigantea (Lgig), Mus musculus (Mmus), Platynereis dumerilii (Pdum), and Saccoglossus kowalevskii (Skow).
Simple direct measurement of nonclassical joint signal-idler photon-number statistics and correlation area of twin photon beams
Creators: name: Haderka, Ondrej
name: Perina, Jan
name: Hamar, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of joint signal-idler photon-number distribution of a field obtained from spontaneous parametric downconversion using an intensified CCD camera is presented. It is shown that a classicality criterion is violated directly by the measured data. Characteristic dimensions of the area of correlation are determined in the same experimental setup.
description: 8 pages, 5 PostScript figures
Effect of Load History on Ovine Intervertebral Disc Biomechanics
Creators: name: Goodley, Addison
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biomechanics
subject: Biomedical engineering
subject: biomechanics
subject: bulge
subject: disc height
subject: intervertebral disc
subject: intradiscal pressure
subject: load history

description: Loading of the intervertebral disc (IVD) alters biomechanical properties by modifying fluid distribution in the nucleus pulposus -changing hydrostatic pressure and tissue response- during force transmission along the spine. This study combines pressure, vertical displacement, and radial bulge measurements to assess biomechanical function during healthy and adverse loading of ovine lumbar motion segments. High compressive loads and simultaneous transient exertions, representative of obesity or other high-load lifestyles, are expected to limit fluid recovery and inhibit IVD biomechanical function compared to low compressive load controls with similar transient exertions. Specifically, the adverse group will (1) lose the ability to generate intradiscal pressures equivalent to control discs at equal loads and (2) exhibit a greater degree of deformation and bulge during comparable loading. This study contributes a greater understanding of the effects of load on IVD health. Findings may inform future efforts to preserve disc biomechanics and reverse IVD loss of function.
An ALMA multi-line survey of the ISM in two quasar host-companion galaxy pairs at $z > 6$
Creators: name: Pensabene, A.
name: Decarli, R.
name: Bañados, E.
name: Venemans, B.
name: Walter, F.
name: Bertoldi, F.
name: Fan, X.
name: Farina, E. P.
name: Li, J.
name: Mazzucchelli, C.
name: Novak, M.
name: Riechers, D.
name: Rix, H. -W.
name: Strauss, M. A.
name: Wang, R.
name: Weiß, A.
name: Yang, J.
name: Yang, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a multi-line survey of the interstellar medium (ISM) in two $z>6$ quasar (QSO) host galaxies, PJ231-20 ($z=6.59$) and PJ308-21 ($z=6.23$), and their two companion galaxies. Observations were carried out using the Atacama Large (sub-)Millimeter Array (ALMA). We targeted eleven transitions including atomic fine structure lines (FSLs) and molecular lines: [NII]$_{\rm 205μm}$, [CI]$_{\rm 369μm}$, CO ($J_{\rm up} = 7, 10, 15, 16$), H$_2$O $3_{12}-2_{21}$, $3_{21}-3_{12}$, $3_{03}-2_{12}$, and the OH$_{\rm 163μm}$ doublet. The underlying far-infrared (FIR) continuum samples the Rayleigh-Jeans tail of the respective dust emission. By combining this information with our earlier ALMA [CII]$_{\rm 158μm}$ observations, we explore the effects of star formation and black hole feedback on the galaxies' ISM using the CLOUDY radiative transfer models. We estimate dust masses, spectral indexes, IR luminosities, and star-formation rates from the FIR continuum. The analysis of the FSLs indicates that the [CII]$_{\rm 158μm}$ and [CI]$_{\rm 369μm}$ emission arises predominantly from the neutral medium in photodissociation regions (PDRs). We find that line deficits are in agreement with those of local luminous infrared galaxies. The CO spectral line energy distributions (SLEDs), reveal significant high-$J$ CO excitation in both quasar hosts. Our CO SLED modeling of the quasar PJ231-20 shows that PDRs dominate the molecular mass and CO luminosities for $J_{\rm up}\le 7$, while the $J_{\rm up}\ge10$ CO emission is likely driven by X-ray dissociation regions produced by the active galactic nucleus (AGN) at the very center of the quasar host [abridged].
description: 26 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Resonances in Models of Spin Dependent Point Interactions
Creators: name: Cacciapuoti, Claudio
name: Carlone, Raffaele
name: Figari, Rodolfo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q10, 30B40, 32D15

description: In dimension $d=1,2,3$ we define a family of two-channel Hamiltonians obtained as point perturbations of the generator of the free decoupled dynamics. Within the family we choose two Hamiltonians, $\hat H_0$ and $\hat H_\ve$, giving rise respectively to the unperturbed and to the perturbed evolution. The Hamiltonian $\hat H_0$ does not couple the channels and has an eigenvalue embedded in the continuous spectrum. The Hamiltonian $\hat H_\ve$ is a small perturbation, in resolvent sense, of $\hat H_0$ and exhibits a small coupling between the channels. We take advantage of the complete solvability of our model to prove with simple arguments that the embedded eigenvalue of $\hat H_0$ shifts into a resonance for $\hat H_\ve$. In dimension three we analyze details of the time behavior of the projection onto the region of the spectrum close to the resonance.
description: Changes in the proof of theorem 3, few misprints corrected, 21 pages
Additional file 10 of Combinatorial Wnt signaling landscape during brachiopod anteroposterior patterning
Creators: name: Vellutini, Bruno C.
name: Martín-Durán, José M.
name: Børve, Aina
name: Hejnol, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10: Fig. S10: [PDF] Orthology assignment of Terebratalia transversa sFRP proteins. Best-scoring tree of a maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis using the amino acid sequences of sFRP genes. The color-coding represents different sFRP subfamilies and the numbers show the support values of individual branches. Terebratalia transversa (Ttra) ortholog is highlighted in bold. The other species are Homo sapiens (Hsap), Crassostrea gigantea (Cgig), Mus musculus (Mmus), and Platynereis dumerilii (Pdum).
Automobile crash test facility and preliminary analysis of low speed crush characteristics
Creators: name: Miyasaki, Grant W.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A large percentage of automobile accidents in city traffic occur at speeds below 15 mph. Unfortunately there is a scarcity of experimental crash data at these low speeds to help investigators to reconstruct accidents. Accident reconstruction experts have consequently attached a low level of confidence to speed predictions from vehicle crush at the low end of the speed spectrum. The need for more experimental crash data, especially in a low speed range, has repeatedly been mentioned by accident investigators. The University of British Columbia Accident Research Croup has constructed a crash test facility in conjunction with the Insurance Corporation of British Columbia to address this need. The lCBC-UBC barrier is a low speed crash test facility. A description of the ICBC-UBC crash barrier, its systems and crash testing techniques at the ICBC-UBC facility are presented in this thesis. Also multiple impacts on the same vehicle are investigated to see if this technique provided accumulated crush data that reproduced known high speed crashes. In addition, the preliminary findings are presented on the impact speed to initiate permanent crush and subsequent implications toward vehicle crush characteristics in a low speed range.