Solariola pacei Bello' & Osella & Baviera 2019, sp.n.
Creators: name: Bello', Cesare
name: Osella, Giuseppe
name: Baviera, Cosimo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Solariola
Solariola pacei

description: Solariola pacei Bellò, Osella & Baviera sp.n.
(Figs 40, 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d, 40e, 46k, 85, 85 ’, 128, 171, 214) http://zoobank.org/ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 02719BB7-9DD2-4A46-AFE2-11472CCECAA0
Type locality. Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Aspromonte Mountains, Sinopoli, 440m (Fig. 266).
Diagnosis. A small to medium size Solariola (TL: 2.4 0–3.30 mm; BL: 1.98–2.90 mm) belonging to the paganettii group with slender body shape. Within the species group, it is recognisable by sub-parallel elytra with punctures close, legs very robust and short, and antennae thin with elongate funicle. Rostrum short and robust (RL: 0.40–0.50 mm, RW: 0.28–0.32 mm, RL/RW: 1.43–1.56). Mesorostrum carinae slightly divergent to sides. Forehead convex (FW/MW: 2.00–2.00). Submentum with few, short, whitish-yellowish pappolepida.Antennae thin and elongate (SL: 0.45–0.60 mm, FL: 0.70–0.95 mm, SL/FL: 0.63–0.67). Pronotum longer than wide (PL: 0.60–0.75 mm, PW: 0.55–0.65 mm, PL/PW: 1.08–1.15) without echinopappolepida at base. Elongate, sub-parallel elytra, dorsally vaulted (EL: 1.40–2.07 mm, EW: 0.70–0.95 mm, EL/EW: 2.00–2.18) with thin, elongate, raised setae.
Type series. Holotype male with following labels: [genitalia in DHMF] [transparent label] / ♂ [w, p] / Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Sinopoli, vaglio Quercus & Hedera, 440m, 22. X. 2011, leg. Baviera C. [w, p] / N38°16.204’ E15°52.968’ [w, p] / RC SI 1.2 [w, hw] / collezione Cesare Bellò, Castelfranco Veneto [g, p] / Solariola pacei Holotype det. Bellò, Osella & Baviera, 2018 [r, p] / esemplare fotografato by Francesco Sacco [y, p] (CBE).
Paratype. Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Sinopoli, vaglio Quercus & Hedera, 440m, 22. X. 2011, leg. Baviera C. [w, p] / N38°16.204’ E15°52.968’ [w, p] / RC SI 2.1 [w, hw] / Solariola pacei paratype det. Bellò, Osella & Baviera, 2018 [r, p], 1 male (CBA).
Other Specimen (four specimens) examined with following labels: Calabria, Aspromonte, Sinopoli, 700m, 29. VII. 1975, Pace [w, hw] / Solariola paganetti (Flach, 1908) det Baviera, 2014 [w, p] / Solariola pacei det. Bellò, Osella & Baviera, 2018 [w, p], 2 males and 2 females (CBA, GOS).
Holotype description. Male. See Figs 40, 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d, 40e. Elongate body (T L: 2.85 mm, BL: 2.40 mm). Dark-brownish cuticle.
Rostrum short and robust (RL: 0.45 mm, RW: 0.30 mm, RL/RW: 1.50), conical to sides with pterygium expanded. Epistome absent. Mesorostrum carinae divergent to sides. Submentum with few, short and yellowish pappolepida, not visible around mesorostrum. Interocular pit not visible. Forehead convex (FW/MW: 2.00). Vestigial eyes, large, sub-flat, visible.
Antennae thin with elongate funicle (SL: 0.50 mm, FL: 0.75 mm, SL/FL: 0.67); AS ratio: 6.5.3.4.3.3.3.12. Scape clubbed, as robust as funicle, curved at proximal third and progressively thickening towards apex. Funicle elongate and thin; all segments with elongate and thin setae. Club three-segmented, oval-shaped, in length twice the width, densely covered by thin setae.
Pronotum longer than wide (PL: 0.65 mm, PW: 0.60 mm, PL/PW: 1.08), wider in distal half and without echinopappolepida at base. Scutellum visible.
Elytra elongate, sub-parallel to sides, dorsally vaulted (EL: 1.70 mm, EW: 0.82 mm, EL/EW: 2.07), wider at middle with convex suture. Humeri rounded. Striae with 14 punctures, catenulate, close, just small, deep. Interstriae convex with thin, short, semi-erect setae. Elytral declivity <60 degrees.
Legs short and robust with clubbed femora. Protibia with eight acute spines on inner edge and an evident mucro on inner apical angle. Protibia sinuous on inner edge and slightly curved in side view. Metatibia and mesotibia straight in side view. All tibia with noticeable apical comb. Tarsal segment 1 short, conical; segment 2 short and transverse; segment 3 very bilobed; all segments with thin golden setae. Onychium curved, robust and short with one short claw.
Male genitalia. See Figs: dorsal shape aedeagus Fig. 86; apex of penis Fig. 86 ’; IX sternite Fig. 129.
Female genitalia. See Figs: spermatheca Fig. 172; VIII sternite Fig. 215.
Sexual dimorphism. Males can usually be recognized by their smaller size, slender appearance, more rounded humeri, legs stronger with a more noticeable apical mucro, and ventrites 1 and 2 slightly hollowed.
Paratypes variability. Paratypes, sexual dimorphism excluded, are similar to the holotype but differs in size.
Distribution. See Figs. 223, 223a. Italian endemic. Known from Aspromonte Mountains near Sinopoli locality at 400–800 meters of elevation.
Etymology. This species is named after Pace (Roberto), Italian entomologist, specialist in Staphylinidae Aleocharinae, dear friend and colleague in appreciation and gratitude of his cooperation in our research on weevils. In memory: Roberto Pace (1935–2017) described about 6.300 species and 400 genera (Staphylinidae, Coleoptera) and published more than 370 papers.
Ecology and Phenology. Collected S. pacei by Winkler extractors from soil obtained sifting the leaf litter of an oak forest with Hedera, in springtime.
Main soil type. Eutric Cambisol (European Soil Data Centre; Panagos et al. 2012).
Reproduction. Amphigonic.
Associated species. Sympatric with Pseudomeira paganettii (A. & F. Solari, 1907) and Pseudomeira erinacea Bellò & Baviera, 2011.
description: Published as part of Bello', Cesare, Osella, Giuseppe & Baviera, Cosimo, 2019, A taxonomic monograph of the genus Solariola Flach, 1908 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae), pp. 1-261 in Zootaxa 4676 (1) on pages 215-219, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4676.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3468945