cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Kampf der Rechten u. der Linken mit den Waffen des historischen Rechts; [1848]
title: Die Sitzung ist aufgehoben!!! Herrunter!!!! Redefreiheit!!!
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Stern, S.
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Vorlageform der Veröffentlichungsangabe: Herausgegeben u. zu haben von bei S. Stern in Offenbach
The 2012 United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development and the Future of International Environmental Protection
Creators: name: Anton, Donald K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Sustainable development--Government policy
Climatic changes--International cooperation
Environmental protection--International cooperation
Climatic changes
Sustainability
Environmental sciences
International relations

description: This opinion piece addresses concerns about the suitability of the continuing use of sustainable development as a concept around which to organize international environmental protection. Despite advances made in international environmental law over the last 40 years, progress in abating global greenhouse gas continues to be slow, and predictions about global average temperature increases remain disturbing. The upcoming GEO5 publication based on the United Nations Environment Programme’s Global Environmental Outlook data portal reveals that prospects for improvements in global environmental standards are grim. Some of the challenges facing the advancement of international environmental law can be largely attributed to inefficiencies associated with treaty congestion; however, there is a more fundamental reason why international environmental law remains ineffective. There has been little, if any, progress because we have been focusing solely on the concept of sustainable development for the last quarter century. It is clear that ‘sustainable development’ has become too malleable a theory to serve its vital purpose. Consequently, it needs to be replaced with a straightforward title for the environmental movement. The international community needs to reconsider its approach in dealing with today’s pressing environmental concerns.
Triggering jet-driven explosions of core-collapse supernovae by accretion from convective regions
Creators: name: Gilkis, Avishai
name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find that convective regions of collapsing massive stellar cores possess sufficient stochastic angular momentum to form intermittent accretion disks around the newly born neutron star (NS) or black hole (BH), as required by the jittering-jets model for core-collapse supernova (CCSN) explosions. To reach this conclusion we derive an approximate expression for stochastic specific angular momentum in convection layers of stars, and using the mixing-length theory apply it to four stellar models at core-collapse epoch. In all models, evolved using the stellar evolution code MESA, the convective helium layer has sufficient angular momentum to form an accretion disk. The mass available for disk formation around the NS or BH is 0.1-1.2Mo; stochastic accretion of this mass can form intermittent accretion disks that launch jets powerful enough to explode the star according to the jittering-jets model. Our results imply that even if no explosion occurs after accretion of the inner ~2-5Mo of the core onto the NS or BH (the mass depends on the stellar model), accretion of outer layers of the core will eventually lead to an energetic supernova explosion.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
"Grand Canonical" Finite Size Numerical Approaches : a Route to Measuring Bulk Properties under Applied Field
Creators: name: Hotta, Chisa
name: Shibata, Naokazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exploit a prescription to observe directly the physical properties of the thermodynamic limit under continuously applied field in one-dimensional quantum finite lattice systems. By systematically scaling down the energy of the Hamiltonian of the open system from center toward both ends, one could adopt the edge sites with negligibly small energy scale as a "grand canonical" small particle bath, and an equilibrium states with non-integer arbitrary conserved numbers, e.g., electron numbers or sz, are realized in the main part of the system. This will enable the evaluation of the response functions under continuously varying external field in a small lattice without any fine tuning or scaling of parameters while keeping the standard numerical accuracy. Demonstrations are given on quantum spin systems as well as on a Hubbard model by the density matrix renormalization group calculation.
description: 5pages, 3 figures
Letter from Barbara Hepworth to Herbert Read, March 30, 1966
Creators: name: Hepworth, Barbara, 1903-1975
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Art historians
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/815554
subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688
subject: Authors, English--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821953
subject: Authors, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821945
subject: Artists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/817559
subject: Poets, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067870
subject: Women artists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1177159
subject: Read, Herbert, 1893-1968
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1754386
subject: Poets
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067778
subject: Artists--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/817571
subject: Art movements
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/815613
subject: Hepworth, Barbara, 1903-1975
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1898202

description: Part of a collection of letters to Sir Herbert Read from Dame Barbara Hepworth (English artist and sculptor) held in the Herbert Read archive at the University of Leeds, UK. The letters span the time period of 1965 to 1968, and discuss art, the art world and their personal lives. Hepworth thanks Read and Ludo [Margaret Read] for their recent visit and looks forward to a visit to Tresco. She discusses attendance at a meeting at the Tate Gallery.
Tritium and helium analyses in thin films by enhanced proton backscattering
Creators: name: Fu, Tao
name: An, Zhu
name: Zhu, Jing-Jun
name: Liu, Man-Tian
name: Mao, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to perform quantitative tritium and helium analysis in thin film sample by using enhanced proton backscattering (EPBS), EPBS spectra for several samples consisting of non-RBS light elements (i.e., T, 4He, 12C, 16O, natSi), medium and heavy elements have been measured and analyzed by using analytical SIMNRA and Monte Carlo-based CORTEO codes. The CORTEO code used in this paper is modified and some non-RBS cross sections of proton scattering from T, 4He, 12C, 14N, 16O and natSi elements taken from ENDF/B-VII.1 database and the calculations of SigmaCalc code are incorporated. All cross section data needed in CORTEO code over the entire proton incident energy-scattering angle plane are obtained by interpolation. It is quantitatively observed that the multiple and plural scattering effects have little impact on energy spectra for light elements like T, He, C, O and Si, and the RBS cross sections of light elements, instead of the non-RBS cross sections, can be used in SIMNRA code for dual scattering calculations for EPBS analysis. It is also observed that at the low energy part of energy spectrum the results given by CORTEO code are higher than the results of SIMNRA code and are in better agreement with the experimental data, especially when heavier elements exist in samples. For tritium analysis, the tritium depth distributions should not be simply adjusted to fit the experimental spectra when the multiple and plural scattering contributions are not completely accounted, or else inaccurate results may be obtained. For medium and heavy matrix elements, when full Monte Carlo RBS calculations are used in CORTEO code, the results from CORTEO code are in good agreement with the experimental results at the low energy part of energy spectra, at this moment quantitative tritium and helium analysis in thin film sample by using enhanced proton backscattering can be performed reliably.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures, 29 references
Public Support for Sustainable Development: A Mile Wide, but How Deep?
Creators: name: Vasi, Ion Bogdan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Sustainable development--Citizen participation
Sustainable development--Social aspects
Sustainable development--Moral and ethical aspects
Sustainable development--Public opinion
Sustainability

description: This article argues that public recognition of problems related to sustainable development and public support for domestic and international actions to address these problems is a major challenge for policies that aim to balance the needs of billions of people with the needs of the planet. The article reviews opinion polls on various topics related to global sustainable development, as well as research on the relationship between attitudes, behaviors, and collective actions. It also reflects on future prospects for changing the public support for sustainable development from “a mile wide and an inch deep” to “a mile wide and deep.”
Effects of Irradiation Temperature and Dose Rate on the Mechanical Properties of Self-Ion Implanted Fe and Fe-Cr Alloys
Creators: name: Hardie, Christopher D
name: Williams, Ceri A
name: Xua, Shuo
name: Roberts, Steve G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pure Fe and model Fe-Cr alloys containing 5, 10 and 14%Cr were irradiated with Fe+ ions at a maximum energy of 2MeV to the same dose of 0.6dpa at temperatures of 300 C, 400 C and 500 C, and at dose rates corresponding to 6 x 10-4 dpa/s and 3 x 10-5 dpa/s. All materials exhibited an increase in hardness after irradiation at 300 C. After irradiation at 400 C, hardening was observed only in Fe-Cr alloys, and not in the pure Fe. After irradiation at 500 C, no hardening was observed in any of the materials tested. For irradiations at both 300 C and 400 C, greater hardening was found in the Fe-Cr alloys irradiated at the lower dose rate. Transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography of Fe 5%Cr identified larger dislocation loop densities and sizes in the alloy irradiated with the high dose rate and Cr precipitation in the alloy irradiated with the low dose rate.
description: 42 pages, 6 figures
Hyperchaos, intermittency, noise and disorder in modified semiconductor superlattices
Creators: name: Bonilla, Luis L.
name: Carretero, Manuel
name: Mompó, Emanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weakly coupled semiconductor superlattices under dc voltage bias are nonlinear systems with many degrees of freedom whose nonlinearity is due to sequential tunneling of electrons. They may exhibit spontaneous chaos at room temperature and act as fast physical random number generator devices. Here we present a general sequential transport model with different voltage drops at quantum wells and barriers that includes noise and fluctuations due to the superlattice epitaxial growth. Excitability and oscillations of the current in superlattices with identical periods are due to nucleation and motion of charge dipole waves that form at the emitter contact when the current drops below a critical value. Insertion of wider wells increases superlattice excitability by allowing wave nucleation at the modified wells and more complex dynamics. Then hyperchaos and different types of intermittent chaos are possible on extended dc voltage ranges. Intrinsic shot and thermal noises and external noises produce minor effects on chaotic attractors. However, random disorder due to growth fluctuations may suppress any regular or chaotic current oscillations. Numerical simulations show that more than 70\% of samples remain chaotic when the standard deviation of their fluctuations due to epitaxial growth is below 0.024 nm (10\% of a single monolayer) whereas for 0.015 nm disorder suppresses chaos.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures
Energy dynamics, information and heat flow in quenched cooling and the crossover from quantum to classical thermodynamics
Creators: name: Ohanesjan, V.
name: Cheipesh, Y.
name: Gnezdilov, N. V.
name: Pavlov, A. I.
name: Schalm, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics when a hot many-body quantum system is brought into instantaneous contact with a cold many-body quantum system can be understood as a combination of early time quantum correlation (von Neumann entropy) gain and late time energy relaxation. We show that at the shortest timescales there is an energy increase in each system linked to the entropy gain, even though equilibrium thermodynamics does not apply. This energy increase is of quantum origin and results from the collective binding energy between the two systems. Counter-intuitively, this implies that also the hotter of the two systems generically experiences an initial energy increase when brought into contact with the other colder system. In the limit where the energy relaxation overwhelms the (quantum) correlation build-up, classical energy dynamics emerges where the energy in the hot system decreases immediately upon contact with a cooler system. We use both strongly correlated SYK systems and weakly correlated mixed field Ising chains to exhibit these characteristics, and comment on its implications for both black hole evaporation and quantum thermodynamics.
description: Corrected typo in the legend of Fig.5
Amplitude `Higgs' mode in 2H-NbSe2 Superconductor
Creators: name: Méasson, M. -A.
name: Gallais, Y.
name: Cazayous, M.
name: Clair, B.
name: Rodière, P.
name: Cario, L.
name: Sacuto, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experimental evidences for the observation of the superconducting amplitude mode, so-called `Higgs' mode in the charge density wave superconductor 2H-NbSe2 using Raman scattering. By comparing 2H-NbSe2 and its iso-structural partner 2H-NbS2 which shows superconductivity but lacks the charge density wave order, we demonstrate that the superconducting mode in 2H-NbSe2 owes its spectral weight to the presence of the coexisting charge density wave order. In addition, temperature dependent measurements in 2H-NbSe2 show a full spectral weight transfer from the charge density wave mode to the superconducting mode upon entering the superconducting phase. Both observations are fully consistent with a superconducting amplitude mode or Higgs mode.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B Rapid Com. 5 pages with 3 figures
Business and social evaluation of denial of service attacks of communications networks in view of scaling economic counter-measures
Creators: name: Pau, L. -F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper gives an analytical method to determine the economic and indirect implications of denial of service and distributed denial of service attacks. It is based on time preference dynamics applied to the monetary mass for the restoration of capabilities, on long term investments to rebuild capabilities, and of the usability level of the capabilities after an attack. A simple illustrative example is provided for a denial of service on a corporate data centre. The needed data collection methodologies are categorized by classes of targets. The use of the method is explained in the context of legal or policy driven dissuasive, retaliation or compensation/ restoration actions. A concrete set of deployment cases in mobile communications services is discussed. The conclusion includes policy recommendations as well as information exchange requirements.
RadioPathomics: Multimodal Learning in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer for Adaptive Radiotherapy
Creators: name: Tortora, Matteo
name: Cordelli, Ermanno
name: Sicilia, Rosa
name: Nibid, Lorenzo
name: Ippolito, Edy
name: Perrone, Giuseppe
name: Ramella, Sara
name: Soda, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The current cancer treatment practice collects multimodal data, such as radiology images, histopathology slides, genomics and clinical data. The importance of these data sources taken individually has fostered the recent raise of radiomics and pathomics, i.e. the extraction of quantitative features from radiology and histopathology images routinely collected to predict clinical outcomes or to guide clinical decisions using artificial intelligence algorithms. Nevertheless, how to combine them into a single multimodal framework is still an open issue. In this work we therefore develop a multimodal late fusion approach that combines hand-crafted features computed from radiomics, pathomics and clinical data to predict radiation therapy treatment outcomes for non-small-cell lung cancer patients. Within this context, we investigate eight different late fusion rules (i.e. product, maximum, minimum, mean, decision template, Dempster-Shafer, majority voting, and confidence rule) and two patient-wise aggregation rules leveraging the richness of information given by computer tomography images and whole-slide scans. The experiments in leave-one-patient-out cross-validation on an in-house cohort of 33 patients show that the proposed multimodal paradigm with an AUC equal to $90.9\%$ outperforms each unimodal approach, suggesting that data integration can advance precision medicine. As a further contribution, we also compare the hand-crafted representations with features automatically computed by deep networks, and the late fusion paradigm with early fusion, another popular multimodal approach. In both cases, the experiments show that the proposed multimodal approach provides the best results.
Ultra-narrow and widely tunable Mn^(2+) Emission from Single Nanocrystals of ZnS-CdS alloy
Creators: name: Hazarika, Abhijit
name: Layek, Arunasish
name: De, Suman
name: Nag, Angshuman
name: Debnath, Saikat
name: Mahadevan, Priya
name: Chowdhury, Arindam
name: Sarma, D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extensively studied Mn-doped semiconductor nanocrystals have invariably exhibited photoluminescence (PL) over a narrow energy window of width <= 149 meV in the orange-red region and a surprisingly large spectral width (>= 180 meV), contrary to its presumed atomic-like origin. Carrying out emission measurements on individual single nanocrystals and supported by ab initio calculations, we show that Mn PL emission, in fact, can (i) vary over a much wider range (~ 370 meV) covering the deep green-deep red region and (ii) exhibit widths substantially lower (~ 60-75 meV) than reported so far, opening newer application possibilities and requiring a fundamental shift in our perception of the emission from Mn-doped semiconductor nanocrystals.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Investigation of New Lead- free (1-x)BaTiO3-xBi(Mg1/2Zr1/2)O3 Solid Solution with Morphotropic Phase Boundary
Creators: name: Anand, Shashwat
name: Pandey, Rishikesh
name: Singh, Akhilesh Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report here the structure and dielectric studies on a new lead free (1-x)BaTiO3-xBi(Mg1/2Zr1/2)O3 solid solution to explore the morphotropic phase boundary. The powder x-ray diffraction studies on (1-x)BaTiO3-xBi(Mg1/2Zr1/2)O3 solid solution suggests that structure is tetragonal (P4mm) for the composition with x=0.05 and cubic for the composition with x=0.30 and 0.40. Morphotropic phase boundary is observed in the composition range 0.10
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Sustainable Household Energy for Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Asfaw, Araya
name: Demissie, Yissehak
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Fuelwood--Prices
Kerosene industry--Prices
Charcoal
Electricity--Prices
Energy consumption--Costs
Households--Energy consumption
Sustainability
Power resources

description: This paper presents the household energy consumption trends and alternatives for Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The study shows that, during the decade that the study was conducted, household energy consumption per capita increased by 17% from 6GJ. Traditional fuels accounted for about 80% of the consumption. Household energy expenditure per person tripled from $10 to $30. The energy consumption trend is highly correlated with fuel price; in 1995, charcoal was the most expensive fuel (app. $7 per GJ), followed by LPG and electricity (app. $5 per GJ). Kerosene was sold at about half the price of charcoal, while fuelwood was the least expensive (app. $1 per GJ). In 2005, charcoal prices increased by about 20%, while fuelwood price declined by more than 10%. The price of electricity doubled while that of kerosene tripled and LPG quadrupled. Despite the rise in price, electricity consumption shot up by a factor of twenty, and kerosene declined by half. During the decade, traditional fuel use increased by 10% while modern energy use increased by 50%. The paper also considers the potential explanations and policy implications of the trends in the data.
Large System Analysis of Cooperative Multi-cell Downlink Transmission via Regularized Channel Inversion with Imperfect CSIT
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun
name: Wen, Chao-Kai
name: Jin, Shi
name: Gao, Xiqi
name: Wong, Kai-Kit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we analyze the ergodic sum-rate of a multi-cell downlink system with base station (BS) cooperation using regularized zero-forcing (RZF) precoding. Our model assumes that the channels between BSs and users have independent spatial correlations and imperfect channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT) is available. Our derivations are based on large dimensional random matrix theory (RMT) under the assumption that the numbers of antennas at the BS and users approach to infinity with some fixed ratios. In particular, a deterministic equivalent expression of the ergodic sum-rate is obtained and is instrumental in getting insight about the joint operations of BSs, which leads to an efficient method to find the asymptotic-optimal regularization parameter for the RZF. In another application, we use the deterministic channel rate to study the optimal feedback bit allocation among the BSs for maximizing the ergodic sum-rate, subject to a total number of feedback bits constraint. By inspecting the properties of the allocation, we further propose a scheme to greatly reduce the search space for optimization. Simulation results demonstrate that the ergodic sum-rates achievable by a subspace search provides comparable results to those by an exhaustive search under various typical settings.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Sailfish: Alignment-free Isoform Quantification from RNA-seq Reads using Lightweight Algorithms
Creators: name: Patro, Rob
name: Mount, Stephen M.
name: Kingsford, Carl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: RNA-seq has rapidly become the de facto technique to measure gene expression. However, the time required for analysis has not kept up with the pace of data generation. Here we introduce Sailfish, a novel computational method for quantifying the abundance of previously annotated RNA isoforms from RNA-seq data. Sailfish entirely avoids mapping reads, which is a time-consuming step in all current methods. Sailfish provides quantification estimates much faster than existing approaches (typically 20-times faster) without loss of accuracy.
description: 28 pages, 2 main figures, 2 algorithm displays, 5 supplementary figures and 2 supplementary notes. Accompanying software available at http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~ckingsf/software/sailfish
Muscle dissatisfaction in young adult men
Creators: name: Raevuori, Anu
name: Keski-Rahkonen, Anna
name: Bulik, Cynthia
name: Rose, Richard
name: Rissanen, Aila
name: Kaprio, Jaakko
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Mental health
Young adults
Body image in men

description: Backround: Appearance concerns are of increasing importance in young men's lives. We investigated whether muscle dissatisfaction is associated with psychological symptoms, dietary supplement or anabolic steroid use, or physical activity in young men.

Methods: As a part of a questionnaire assessment of health-related behaviors in the population-based FinnTwin16 study, we assessed factors associated with muscle dissatisfaction in 1245 men aged 22–27 using logistic regression models.

Results: Of men, 30% experienced high muscle dissatisfaction, while 12% used supplements/steroids. Of highly muscle-dissatisfied men, 21.5% used supplements/steroids. Mean body mass index, waist circumference, or leisure aerobic activity index did not differ between individuals with high/low muscle dissatisfaction. Muscle dissatisfaction was significantly associated with a psychological and psychosomatic problems, alcohol and drug use, lower height satisfaction, sedentary lifestyle, poor subjective physical fitness, and lower life satisfaction.

Conclusion: Muscle dissatisfaction and supplement/steroid use are relatively common, and are associated with psychological distress and markers of sedentary lifestyle.
Compact (A)dS Boson Stars and Shells
Creators: name: Hartmann, Betti
name: Kleihaus, Burkhard
name: Kunz, Jutta
name: Schaffer, Isabell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present compact Q-balls in an (Anti-)de Sitter background in D dimensions, obtained with a V-shaped potential of the scalar field. Beyond critical values of the cosmological constant compact Q-shells arise. By including the gravitational back-reaction, we obtain boson stars and boson shells with (Anti-)de Sitter asymptotics. We analyze the physical properties of these solutions and determine their domain of existence. In four dimensions we address some astrophysical aspects.
description: 18 pages including 10 figures
Aging dynamics in interacting many-body systems
Creators: name: Sanders, Lloyd P.
name: Lomholt, Michael A.
name: Lizana, Ludvig
name: Fogelmark, Karl
name: Metzler, Ralf
name: Ambjörnsson, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-dimensional, complex systems are often characterized by logarithmically slow dynamics. We study the generic motion of a labeled particle in an ensemble of identical diffusing particles with hardcore interactions in a strongly disordered, one-dimensional environment. Each particle in this single file is trapped for a random waiting time $τ$ with power law distribution $ψ(τ)\simeqτ^{-1- α}$, such that the $τ$ values are independent, local quantities for all particles. From scaling arguments and simulations, we find that for the scale-free waiting time case $02$ we recover Harris law $\simeq t^{1/2}$.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Causes of Poor Service Delivery in Africa and Their Impact on Development
Creators: name: Odaro, Esohe Denise
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Public administration
Regional planning
Social structure

description: Service delivery remains a pressing issue throughout Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Recently, the focus of government policies on meeting the Millennium Development Goals has increased attention on better provision of services. At present, however, services in Africa lag significantly behind those of other developing countries and are considerably more expensive than elsewhere (Foster & Briceno; 2010). This paper explores the factors affecting service delivery in SSA and compares public services provision to private sector service delivery, as well as the impact of both on development. The paper unfolds in three steps: After a brief review of the current condition of services, I will examine the shortlist of identified factors contributing to the current state of services and conclude with brief recommendations. I have excluded South Africa in my analysis because it is more developed than other countries in the region. This is by no means intended to be an exhaustive list of causal factors and capacity constraints allow for only partial considerations of primarily, water, and to a lesser extent, sanitation and electricity.
Electroweak Phase Transition in a Dark Sector with CP Violation
Creators: name: Biermann, Lisa
name: Mühlleitner, Margarete
name: Müller, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the possibility of a strong first-order electroweak phase transition (SFOEWPT) in the model `CP in the Dark'. The Higgs sector of the model consists of two scalar doublets and one scalar singlet with a specific discrete symmetry. After spontaneous symmetry breaking the model has a Standard-Model-like phenomenology and a hidden scalar sector with a viable Dark Matter candidate supplemented by explicit CP violation that solely occurs in the hidden sector. The model `CP in the Dark' has been implemented in the C++ code BSMPT v2.3 which performs a global minimisation of the finite-temperature one-loop corrected effective potential and searches for SFOEWPTs. An SFOEWPT is found to be allowed in a broad range of the parameter space. Furthermore, there are parameter scenarios where spontaneous CP violation is generated at finite temperature. The in addition spontaneously broken $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry then leads to mixing between the dark and the visible sector so that CP violation in the dark is promoted at finite temperature to the visible sector and thereby provides additional sources of CP violation that are not restricted by the electric dipole moment measurements at zero temperature. Thus, `CP in the Dark' provides a promising candidate for the generation of the baryon asymmetry of the universe through electroweak baryogenesis.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
Letter from Barbara Hepworth to Herbert Read, August 06, 1967
Creators: name: Hepworth, Barbara, 1903-1975
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artists--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/817571
subject: Read, Herbert, 1893-1968
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1754386
subject: Authors, English--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821953
subject: Poets
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067778
subject: Art movements
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/815613
subject: Hepworth, Barbara, 1903-1975
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1898202
subject: Women artists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1177159
subject: Art historians
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/815554
subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688
subject: Authors, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821945
subject: Artists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/817559
subject: Poets, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067870

description: Part of a collection of letters to Sir Herbert Read from Dame Barbara Hepworth (English artist and sculptor) held in the Herbert Read archive at the University of Leeds, UK. The letters span the time period of 1965 to 1968, and discuss art, the art world and their personal lives. Hepworth talks about her health, a proposed visit to the Tate and Read's family.
Multiwavelength Observations of an Eruptive Flare: Evidence for Blast Waves and Break-out
Creators: name: Kumar, Pankaj
name: Innes, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Images of an east-limb flare on 3 November 2010 taken in the 131 Å channel of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory provide a convincing example of a long current sheet below an erupting plasmoid, as predicted by the standard magnetic reconnection model of eruptive flares. However, the 171 Å and 193 Å channel images hint at an alternative scenario. These images reveal that large-scale waves with velocity greater than 1000 km/s propagated alongside and ahead of the erupting plasmoid. Just south of the plasmoid, the waves coincided with type-II radio emission, and to the north, where the waves propagated along plume-like structures, there was increased decimetric emission. Initially the cavity around the hot plasmoid expanded. Later, when the erupting plasmoid reached the height of an overlying arcade system, the plasmoid structure changed, and the lower parts of the cavity collapsed inwards. Hot loops appeared alongside and below the erupting plasmoid. We consider a scenario in which the fast waves and the type-II emission were a consequence of a flare blast wave, and the cavity collapse and the hot loops resulted from the break-out of the flux rope through an overlying coronal arcade.
description: Solar Physics (published), 15 pages, 8 figures
Tchebycheffian B-splines in isogeometric Galerkin methods
Creators: name: Raval, Krunal
name: Manni, Carla
name: Speleers, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.1.8
subject: 65N22

description: Tchebycheffian splines are smooth piecewise functions whose pieces are drawn from (possibly different) Tchebycheff spaces, a natural generalization of algebraic polynomial spaces. They enjoy most of the properties known in the polynomial spline case. In particular, under suitable assumptions, Tchebycheffian splines admit a representation in terms of basis functions, called Tchebycheffian B-splines (TB-splines), completely analogous to polynomial B-splines. A particularly interesting subclass consists of Tchebycheffian splines with pieces belonging to null-spaces of constant-coefficient linear differential operators. They grant the freedom of combining polynomials with exponential and trigonometric functions with any number of individual shape parameters. Moreover, they have been recently equipped with efficient evaluation and manipulation procedures. In this paper, we consider the use of TB-splines with pieces belonging to null-spaces of constant-coefficient linear differential operators as an attractive substitute for standard polynomial B-splines and rational NURBS in isogeometric Galerkin methods. We discuss how to exploit the large flexibility of the geometrical and analytical features of the underlying Tchebycheff spaces according to problem-driven selection strategies. TB-splines offer a wide and robust environment for the isogeometric paradigm beyond the limits of the rational NURBS model.
description: 35 pages, 18 figures
A Conflict-driven Interface between Symbolic Planning and Nonlinear Constraint Solving
Creators: name: Ortiz-Haro, Joaquim
name: Karpas, Erez
name: Katz, Michael
name: Toussaint, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robotic planning in real-world scenarios typically requires joint optimization of logic and continuous variables. A core challenge to combine the strengths of logic planners and continuous solvers is the design of an efficient interface that informs the logical search about continuous infeasibilities. In this paper we present a novel iterative algorithm that connects logic planning with nonlinear optimization through a bidirectional interface, achieved by the detection of minimal subsets of nonlinear constraints that are infeasible. The algorithm continuously builds a database of graphs that represent (in)feasible subsets of continuous variables and constraints, and encodes this knowledge in the logical description. As a foundation for this algorithm, we introduce Planning with Nonlinear Transition Constraints (PNTC), a novel planning formulation that clarifies the exact assumptions our algorithm requires and can be applied to model Task and Motion Planning (TAMP) efficiently. Our experimental results show that our framework significantly outperforms alternative optimization-based approaches for TAMP.
Influence of metabolic network structure and function on enzyme evolution
Creators: name: Vitkup, Dennis
name: Kharchenko, Peter
name: Wagner, Andreas
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Molecular evolution
Systems biology
Gene amplification
Biology

description: Background: Most studies of molecular evolution are focused on individual genes and proteins. However, understanding the design principles and evolutionary properties of molecular networks requires a system-wide perspective. In the present work we connect molecular evolution on the gene level with system properties of a cellular metabolic network. In contrast to protein interaction networks, where several previous studies investigated the molecular evolution of proteins, metabolic networks have a relatively well-defined global function. The ability to consider fluxes in a metabolic network allows us to relate the functional role of each enzyme in a network to its rate of evolution.

Results: Our results, based on the yeast metabolic network, demonstrate that important evolutionary processes, such as the fixation of single nucleotide mutations, gene duplications, and gene deletions, are influenced by the structure and function of the network. Specifically, central and highly connected enzymes evolve more slowly than less connected enzymes. Also, enzymes carrying high metabolic fluxes under natural biological conditions experience higher evolutionary constraints. Genes encoding enzymes with high connectivity and high metabolic flux have higher chances to retain duplicates in evolution. In contrast to protein interaction networks, highly connected enzymes are no more likely to be essential compared to less connected enzymes.

Conclusion: The presented analysis of evolutionary constraints, gene duplication, and essentiality demonstrates that the structure and function of a metabolic network shapes the evolution of its enzymes. Our results underscore the need for systems-based approaches in studies of molecular evolution.
Letter from Barbara Hepworth to Herbert Read, August 02, 1967
Creators: name: Hepworth, Barbara, 1903-1975
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Read, Herbert, 1893-1968
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1754386
subject: Hepworth, Barbara, 1903-1975
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1898202
subject: Authors, English--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821953
subject: Artists--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/817571
subject: Art historians
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/815554
subject: Poets
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067778
subject: Authors, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821945
subject: Women artists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1177159
subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688
subject: Artists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/817559
subject: Art movements
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/815613
subject: Poets, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067870

description: Part of a collection of letters to Sir Herbert Read from Dame Barbara Hepworth (English artist and sculptor) held in the Herbert Read archive at the University of Leeds, UK. The letters span the time period of 1965 to 1968, and discuss art, the art world and their personal lives. Hepworth discusses her recuperation from a broken leg, and mentions work she has been doing including two new marble carvings and two new bronzes. She refers indirectly to an opportunity that has not been given to Patrick [Heron?].
Regional variations in the dense gas heating and cooling in M51 from Herschel far-infrared spectroscopy
Creators: name: Parkin, T. J.
name: Wilson, C. D.
name: Schirm, M. R. P.
name: Baes, M.
name: Boquien, M.
name: Boselli, A.
name: Cooray, A.
name: Cormier, D.
name: Foyle, K.
name: Karczewski, O. L.
name: Lebouteiller, V.
name: de Looze, I.
name: Madden, S. C.
name: Roussel, H.
name: Sauvage, M.
name: Spinoglio, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Herschel PACS and SPIRE spectroscopy of the most important far-infrared cooling lines in M51, [CII](158 μm), [NII](122 & 205 μm), [OI](63 and 145 μm) and [OIII](88 μm). We compare the observed flux of these lines with the predicted flux from a photon dominated region model to determine characteristics of the cold gas such as density, temperature and the far-ultraviolet radiation field, G_0, resolving details on physical scales of roughly 600 pc. We find an average [CII]/F_TIR of 4 x 10^{-3}, in agreement with previous studies of other galaxies. A pixel-by-pixel analysis of four distinct regions of M51 shows a radially decreasing trend in both the far-ultraviolet (FUV) radiation field, G_0 and the hydrogen density, n, peaking in the nucleus of the galaxy, then falling off out to the arm and interarm regions. We see for the first time that the FUV flux and gas density are similar in the differing environments of the arm and interarm regions, suggesting that the inherent physical properties of the molecular clouds in both regions are essentially the same.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures, 9 tables; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
On the tautological ring of Humbert curves
Creators: name: Laterveer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C15, 14C25, 14C30

description: We exhibit a 2-dimensional family of non-hyperelliptic curves of genus 5, called Humbert curves, for which the tautological ring injects into cohomology. In particular, Humbert curves have a multiplicative Chow-Künneth decomposition (in the sense of Shen-Vial), and their Ceresa cycle is torsion.
description: 13 pages, to appear in manuscripta math., comments welcome ! arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2105.02016, arXiv:2108.08547, arXiv:2105.02224, arXiv:2111.07069
Applying Remote Handling Attributes to the ITER Neutral Beam Cell Monorail Crane
Creators: name: Crofts, O
name: Allan, P
name: Raimbach, J
name: Tesini, A
name: Choi, C-H
name: Damiani, C
name: Van Uffelen, M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The maintenance requirements for the equipment in the ITER Neutral Beam Cell requires components to be lifted and transported within the cell by remote means. To meet this requirement, the provision of an overhead crane with remote handling capabilities has been initiated. The layout of the cell has driven the design to consist of a monorail crane that travels on a branched monorail track attached to the cell ceiling. This paper describes the principle design constraints and how the remote handling attributes were applied to the concept design of the monorail crane, concentrating on areas where novel design solutions have been required and on the remote recovery requirements and solutions.
description: 4 pages, 10 figures
Correlation driven near-flat band Stoner excitations in a Kagome magnet
Creators: name: Nag, Abhishek
name: Peng, Yiran
name: Li, Jiemin
name: Agrestini, Stefano
name: Robarts, H. C.
name: Garcia-Fernandez, Mirian
name: Walters, A. C.
name: Wang, Qi
name: Yin, Qiangwei
name: Lei, Hechang
name: Yin, Zhiping
name: Zhou, Ke-Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among condensed matter systems, Mott insulators exhibit diverse properties that emerge from electronic correlations. In itinerant metals, correlations are usually weak, but can also be enhanced via geometrical confinement of electrons, that manifest as `flat' dispersionless electronic bands. In the fast developing field of topological materials, which includes Dirac and Weyl semimetals, flat bands are one of the important components that can result in unusual magnetic and transport behaviour. To date, characterisation of flat bands and their magnetism is scarce, hindering the design of novel materials. Here, we investigate the ferromagnetic Kagomé semimetal Co$_3$Sn$_2$S$_2$ using resonant inelastic X-ray scattering. Remarkably, nearly non-dispersive Stoner spin excitation peaks are observed, sharply contrasting with the featureless Stoner continuum expected in conventional ferromagnetic metals. Our band structure and dynamic spin susceptibility calculations, and thermal evolution of the excitations, confirm the nearly non-dispersive Stoner excitations as unique signatures of correlations and spin-polarized electronic flat bands in Co$_3$Sn$_2$S$_2$. These observations serve as a cornerstone for further exploration of band-induced symmetry-breaking orders in topological materials.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, and Supplementary Information
Letter from Barbara Hepworth to Herbert Read, June 28, 1967
Creators: name: Hepworth, Barbara, 1903-1975
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Hepworth, Barbara, 1903-1975
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1898202
subject: Poets
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067778
subject: Authors, English--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821953
subject: Art historians
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/815554
subject: Authors, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821945
subject: Art movements
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/815613
subject: Poets, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067870
subject: Read, Herbert, 1893-1968
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1754386
subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688
subject: Artists--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/817571
subject: Women artists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1177159
subject: Artists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/817559

description: Part of a collection of letters to Sir Herbert Read from Dame Barbara Hepworth (English artist and sculptor) held in the Herbert Read archive at the University of Leeds, UK. The letters span the time period of 1965 to 1968, and discuss art, the art world and their personal lives. Hepworth looks forward to leaving hospital, having broken her leg, and hopes to read, paint and listen to music.