cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Towards Precise Detection of Personal Information Leaks in Mobile Health Apps
Creators: name: Ardalani, Alireza
name: Antonucci, Joseph
name: Neamtiu, Iulian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mobile apps are used in a variety of health settings, from apps that help providers, to apps designed for patients, to health and fitness apps designed for the general public. These apps ask the user for, and then collect and leak a wealth of Personal Information (PI). We analyze the PI that apps collect via their user interface, whether the app or third-party code is processing this information, and finally where the data is sent or stored. Prior work on leak detection in Android has focused on detecting leaks of (hardware) device-identifying information, or policy violations; however no work has looked at processing and leaking of PI in the context of health apps. The first challenge we tackle is extracting the semantic information contained in app UIs to discern the extent, and nature, of personal information. The second challenge we tackle is disambiguating between first-party, legitimate leaks (e.g,. the app storing data in its database) and third-party, problematic leaks, e.g., processing this information by, or sending it to, advertisers and analytics. We conducted a study on 1,243 Android apps: 623 medical apps and 621 health&fitness apps. We categorize PI into 16 types, grouped in 3 main categories: identity, medical, anthropometric. We found that the typical app has one first-party leak and five third-party leaks, though 221 apps had 20 or more leaks. Next, we show that third-party leaks (e.g., advertisers, analytics) are 5x more frequent than first-party leaks. Then, we show that 71% of leaks are to local storage (i.e., the phone, where data could be accessed by unauthorized apps) whereas 29% of leaks are to the network (e.g., Cloud). Finally, medical apps have 20% more PI leaks than health&fitness apps, due to collecting additional medical PI.
Additional file 1 of Multivisceral resection for adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic body and tail—a retrospective single-center analysis
Creators: name: Beetz, Oliver
name: Akin Sarisin
name: Kaltenborn, Alexander
name: Klempnauer, Jürgen
name: Winkler, Michael
name: Grannas, Gerrit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Overview of the different types of resections in the investigated cohort. Supplementary Table 2. Logistic regression analysis identifying risk factors for clinically relevant pancreatic fistulas after distal pancreatectomy.
RISK BALANCING STRATEGIES IN THE FLORIDA DAIRY INDUSTRY: AN APPLICATION OF CONDITIONAL VALUE AT RISK
Creators: name: Zylstra, Michael J.
name: Kilmer, Richard L.
name: Uryasev, Stanislav
name: Zylstra, Michael J.
name: Kilmer, Richard L.
name: Uryasev, Stanislav
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Conditional Value at Risk
subject: cVaR
subject: Risk Management
subject: Futures
subject: Dairy

description: Legislation has prompted changes in milk price volatility. Milk price volatility impacts the producer's exposure to business risk which is compound by the firms financial risk. Financial risk is a function of the firms capital structure. In the short run it is difficult for the producer to significantly change the firms capital structure and therefore balance increased business risk with reduced financial risk. The producer can however reduce financial and business risk by using futures contracts to lock in a price for milk produced. The producer's risk preferences dictate the producer's hedge ratio. Using the return on equity as a profitability measure and the conditional value at risk as a risk measure the optimal hedge ratio is derived for various probabilities of negative returns on equity.
Description of surfaces associated with Grassmannian sigma models on Minkowski space
Creators: name: Grundland, A. M.
name: Snobl, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 70H06; 53A05

description: We construct and investigate smooth orientable surfaces in su(N) algebras. The structural equations of surfaces associated with Grassmannian sigma models on Minkowski space are studied using moving frames adapted to the surfaces. The first and second fundamental forms of these surfaces as well as the relations between them as expressed in the Gauss-Weingarten and Gauss-Codazzi-Ricci equations are found. The scalar curvature and the mean curvature vector expressed in terms of a solution of Grassmanian sigma model are obtained.
description: 17 pages
SPATIAL REGRESSION MODELS FOR YIELD MONITOR DATA: A CASE STUDY FROM ARGENTINA
Creators: name: Lambert, Dayton M.
name: Lowenberg-DeBoer, James
name: Bongiovanni, Rodolfo
name: Lambert, Dayton M.
name: Lowenberg-DeBoer, James
name: Bongiovanni, Rodolfo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Precision agricultural technology promises to move crop production closer to a manufacturing paradigm, but analysis of yield monitor, sensor and other spatial data has proven difficult because correlation among neighboring observations often violates the assumptions of classical statistical analysis. When spatial structure is ignored variance estimates tend to be inflated and significance levels of test statistics are reduced. The gap between data analysis and site-specific recommendations has been identified as one of the key constraints on widespread adoption of precision agriculture technology. This paper compares four approaches that explicitly incorporate spatial correlation into regression models: (1) a spatial econometric approach; (2) a polynomial trend regression approach; (3) a classical nearest neighbor analysis; and (4) and a geostatistic approach. In the Argentine data studied, the spatial econometric, geostatistical approach and spatial trend analysis offered stronger statistical evidence of spatial heterogeniety of nitrogen response than the ordinary least squares or nearest neighbor analysis. All the spatial models led to the same economic conclusion, which is that variable rate nitrogen is potentially profitable. The spatial econometric analysis can be implemented on relatively small data sets that do not have enough observations for estimation of the semivariogram required by geostatistics. The spatial trend analysis can be implemented with ordinary least squares functions that are already available in some GIS software. In this study, the main benefit of using spatial regression analysis is increased confidence in the corn yield response estimates by management zone, and conclusions about the profitability of precision agriculture technologies.
Ordinary primes in Hilbert modular varieties
Creators: name: Suh, Junecue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F41 (Primary), 14G35, 11F30, 11G18 (Secondary)

description: A well-known conjecture, often attributed to Serre, asserts that any motive over any number field has infinitely many ordinary reductions (in the sense that the Newton polygon coincides with the Hodge polygon). In the case of Hilbert modular cuspforms $f$ of parallel weight $(2, \cdots , 2)$, we show how to produce more ordinary primes by using the Sato-Tate equidistribution and combining it with the Galois theory of the Hecke field. Under the assumption of stronger forms of Sato-Tate equidistribution, we get stronger (but conditional) results. In the case of higher weights, we formulate the ordinariness conjecture for submotives of the intersection cohomology of proper algebraic varieties with motivic coefficients, and verify it for the motives whose $l$-adic Galois realisations are abelian on a finite index subgroup. We get some results for Hilbert cuspforms of weight $(3, \cdots , 3)$, weaker than those for $(2, \cdots , 2)$.
description: Published in 2020 and being arXived at the persuasion of an independent mathematician. With addendum in response to a message in Oct. 2024 from N. Katz
The Costs of Human Salmonellosis Attributable to Pork: A Stochastic Farm-to-Fork Analysis
Creators: name: McNamara, Paul E.
name: Liu, Xuanli
name: Miller, Gay Y.
name: McNamara, Paul E.
name: Liu, Xuanli
name: Miller, Gay Y.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Few farm-to-table analyses of the risk pathways for foodborne illnesses exist, and no such analysis exists for the case of salmonellosis and pork products. This paper presents a Monte Carlo simulation model of the US pork system and the transmission pathways of Salmonella. For the year 2000, we estimate the cost of illness attributable to porkborne Salmonella at $45.7 million, with an estimated 43,505 cases of salmonellosis attributable to pork occurring annually.
Curvature as a remedy or discretizing gravity in warped dimensions
Creators: name: Gallicchio, Jason
name: Yavin, Itay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The attempt to discretize gravity in flat space is foiled by the appearance of strongly interacting long wave-length longitudinal modes. In this paper we show how the introduction of sites with different scales, or equivalently curvature in the bulk, ameliorate all the problems encountered in flat space associated with long wave-length modes. However, as one could expect, all such problem resurface once the mode's wave-length is smaller than the bulk curvature.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
IMPACT OF THE NEW EU NOVEL FOOD AND FEED REGULATION ON THE SUPPLY CHAINS FOR ANIMAL PRODUCTS
Creators: name: Frahan, Bruno Henry De
name: Tritten, Christian
name: Frahan, Bruno Henry De
name: Tritten, Christian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: This communication examines how the new EU novel food and feed regulation would affect markets and trade in commodities, feed ingredients and animal products. Market and trade effects are derived from a multiregion, multicommodity, multistage, non-spatial, partial equilibrium model in which supply chains for animal products are segmented into GM and non-GM lines of products.
High-Resolution Molecular Line Observations of the Environment of the Class 0 Source B1-IRS
Creators: name: de Gregorio-Monsalvo, I.
name: Chandler, C. J.
name: Gomez, J. F.
name: Kuiper, T. B. H.
name: Torrelles, J. M.
name: Anglada, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present VLA observations of the NH3, CCS, and H2O maser emission at 1 cm from the star forming region B1-IRS (IRAS 03301+3057) with ~ 5" (=1750 AU) of angular resolution. CCS emission is distributed in three clumps around the central source. These clumps exhibit a velocity gradient from red- to blueshifted velocities toward B1-IRS, probably due to an interaction with the outflow from an embedded protostar. The outflow and its powering source are traced by a reflection nebula and an associated infrared point source detected in a 2MASS K-band image. We find that this infrared point source is associated with water maser emission distributed in an elongated structure (~ 450 AU size) along the major axis of the reflection nebula and tracing the base of the outflow of the region. Ammonia emission is extended and spatially anticorrelated with CCS. This is the first time that this kind of anticorrelation is observed in a star forming region with such a high angular resolution, and illustrates the importance of time-dependent chemistry on small spatial scales. The relatively large abundance of CCS with respect to ammonia, compared with other star forming regions, suggests an extreme youth for the B1-IRS object (<10E+5 yr). We suggest the possibility that CCS abundance is enhanced via shock-induced chemistry.
description: 31 pages, 9 figures. Accepted by The Astrophysical Journal
CAN EQIP BE EFFECTIVE IN HELPING FARMERS MEET MANURE MANAGEMENT GOALS?
Creators: name: Ribaudo, Marc
name: Agapoff, Jean
name: Cattaneo, Andrea
name: Ribaudo, Marc
name: Agapoff, Jean
name: Cattaneo, Andrea
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: A manure application cost model was used to examine the impact financial assistance from EQIP can have on reducing costs to confined hog operations from meeting a manure nutrient application standard. Sector costs are examined under alternative scenarios involving type of nutrient standard and landowner willingness to accept manure.
Fast Switching of Bistable Magnetic Nanowires Through Collective Spin Reversal
Creators: name: Vindigni, A.
name: Rettori, A.
name: Bogani, L.
name: Caneschi, A.
name: Gatteschi, D.
name: Sessoli, R.
name: Novak, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of magnetic nanowires as memory units is made possible by the exponential divergence of the characteristic time for magnetization reversal at low temperature, but the slow relaxation makes the manipulation of the frozen magnetic states difficult. We suggest that finite-size segments can show a fast switching if collective reversal of the spins is taken into account. This mechanism gives rise at low temperatures to a scaling law for the dynamic susceptibility that has been experimentally observed for the dilute molecular chain Co(hfac)2NitPhOMe. These results suggest a possible way of engineering nanowires for fast switching of the magnetization.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 20 references
Comparison of two superconducting phases induced by a magnetic field in UTe2
Creators: name: Knafo, W.
name: Nardone, M.
name: Valiska, M.
name: Zitouni, A.
name: Lapertot, G.
name: Aoki, D.
name: Knebel, G.
name: Braithwaite, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductivity induced by a magnetic field near metamagnetism is a striking manifestation of magnetically-mediated superconducting pairing. After being observed in itinerant ferromagnets, this phenomenon was recently reported in the orthorhombic paramagnet UTe$_2$. Under a magnetic field applied along the hard magnetization axis b, superconductivity is reinforced on approaching metamagnetism at $μ_0H_m$ = 35 T, but it abruptly disappears beyond $H_m$. On the contrary, field-induced superconductivity was reported beyond $μ_0H_m$ = 40-50 T in a magnetic field tilted by $\simeq25-30°$ from b in the (b,c) plane. Here we explore the phase diagram of UTe2 under these two magnetic-field directions. Zero-resistance measurements permit to confirm unambiguously that superconductivity is established beyond Hm in the tilted-field direction. While superconductivity is locked exactly at fields either smaller (for a H || b), or larger (for H tilted by $\simeq27°$ from b to c), than Hm, the variations of the Fermi-liquid coefficient in the electrical resistivity and of the residual resistivity are surprisingly similar for the two field directions. The resemblance of the normal states for the two field directions puts constraints for theoretical models of superconductivity and implies that some subtle ingredients must be in play.
description: 18 pages, 5 Figures, includes Supplementary Information (9 pages, 8 Figures)
Exploring summary writing by introspection
Creators: name: Yang, Luxin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In the past twenty years, there has been an emerging body of research on summary writing of university students. Few of these studies, however, have investigated how university students process course-related summary tasks. The present study explored the writing processes and strategies that first-year graduate students experienced in doing course-related summary tasks at a Canadian university. Six first-year MBA students participated in the study: three Chinese ESL students and three NES students. Each participant wrote a course-related summary task while thinking aloud. In addition to the think-aloud protocols, retrospective interviews, questionnaires, written drafts and grade reports on the final products were collected to compare the summary writing processes and strategies of the participating ESL and NES students. Three major findings emerged from the data analyses. First, similarities were found between the two groups. That is, both the ESL and NES graduate students were found to have devoted similar amount of attention to the writing processes of planning, composing, editing and commenting. Moving recursively rather than in a linear order, the participants planned carefully and referred to the source texts and lecture notes frequently for structure, themes and terminology. Second, the six participants were found to have displayed personal preferences to some specific writing strategies such as reading, commenting on the source texts and use of fist language as they planned what to write. Third, the study also found similarities across the ESL and NES groups. For example, two students, one ESL and one NES, were found to refer to the source texts frequently. Another pair of ESL and NES students was found to edit the texts more than the others. A third group, two ESL and one NES students, was found to use the reading strategy more frequently than the other participants. This study contributes to our understanding of the processes and challenges some first-year graduate students face when doing course-related summary tasks. It calls for and suggests appropriate curriculum and pedagogical methods to help students, especially second language writers, in dealing with the challenges in writing summaries and becoming confident learners in the academia.
Coarse-graining protein energetics in sequence variables
Creators: name: Zhou, Fei
name: Grigoryan, Gevorg
name: Lustig, Steve R.
name: Keating, Amy E.
name: Ceder, Gerbrand
name: Morgan, Dane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that cluster expansions (CE), previously used to model solid-state materials with binary or ternary configurational disorder, can be extended to the protein design problem. We present a generalized CE framework, in which properties such as energy can be unambiguously expanded in the amino-acid sequence space. The CE coarse grains over nonsequence degrees of freedom (e.g., side-chain conformations) and thereby simplifies the problem of designing proteins, or predicting the compatibility of a sequence with a given structure, by many orders of magnitude. The CE is physically transparent, and can be evaluated through linear regression on the energies of training sequences. We show, as example, that good prediction accuracy is obtained with up to pairwise interactions for a coiled-coil backbone, and that triplet interactions are important in the energetics of a more globular zinc-finger backbone.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
176: Emily Cameron (photographs)
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: My grandfather Thomas had been a Royal Marine for 12 years, leaving in 1905 to marry Emily Potter. After leaving the Marines, he worked at Nine Elms and Clapham Junction and had just been promoted to a signal man in 1914. He rejoined his unit at the onset of war. He took part in the defence of Antwerp during which he went out on patrol and was shot in the head. He survived and was brought back to England but died on his 40th birthday on October 20th 1914. Emily took a job in a laundry and set about raising her sons as a single mother, a daunting prospect for any woman in 1914 with no welfare state or National Health Service for support. She would work in the laundry by day and briefly return home to feed her boys before going back out to scrub floors by night. Emily's frantic schedule meant that she would often put the boys to bed in their school uniforms as she would not be there to prepare them for school. The lads had to work as well when possible, though one son, James, got a scholarship to Emmanuel College in London. How did she manage it?! The four boys were devoted and looked after her when they were young men. They all played a lot of sport, read and got on as best they could. They were all a credit to her, having families, doing well in relatively low paid, but secure jobs. Sadly James died at El Alamein, a fact that was kept from Emily just before she died. There were no medals or citations for Emily but she was a truly wonderful, remarkable, uneducated but lovely lady. Thank you to the grandmother I never met, but whose hard work helped me become who I am today and of whom I am indescribably proud.
Electric and magnetic dipole strength in 112,114,116,118,120,124Sn
Creators: name: Bassauer, S.
name: von Neumann-Cosel, P.
name: Reinhard, P. -G.
name: Tamii, A.
name: Adachi, S.
name: Bertulani, C. A.
name: Chan, P. Y.
name: D'Alessio, A.
name: Fujioka, H.
name: Fujita, H.
name: Fujita, Y.
name: Gey, G.
name: Hilcker, M.
name: Hoang, T. H.
name: Inoue, A.
name: Isaak, J.
name: Iwamoto, C.
name: Klaus, T.
name: Kobayashi, N.
name: Maeda, Y.
name: Matsuda, M.
name: Nakatsuka, N.
name: Noji, S.
name: Ong, H. J.
name: Ou, I.
name: Pietralla, N.
name: Ponomarev, V. Yu.
name: Reen, M. S.
name: Richter, A.
name: Singer, M.
name: Steinhilber, G.
name: Sudo, T.
name: Togano, Y.
name: Tsumura, M.
name: Watanabe, Y.
name: Werner, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inelastic proton scattering experiments were performed at the Research Center for Nuclear Physics, Osaka, with a 295 MeV beam covering laboratory angles 0°-6° and excitation energies 6-22 MeV. Cross sections due to E1 and M1 excitations were extracted with a multipole decomposition analysis and then converted to reduced transition probabilities with the "virtual photon method" for E1 and the "unit cross section method" for M1 excitations, respectively. Including a theory-aided correction for the high excitation energy region not covered experimentally, the electric dipole polarizability was determined from the E1 strength distributions. Total photoabsorption cross sections derived from the E1 and M1 strength distributions show significant differences compared to those from previous ($γ$,xn) experiments in the energy region of the isocvector giant dipole resonance (IVGDR). The widths of the IVGDR deduced from the present data with a Lorentz parameterization show an approximately constant value of about 4.5 MeV in contrast to the large variations between isotopes observed in previous work. The IVGDR centroid energies are in good correspondence to expectations from systematics of their mass dependence. Furthermore, a study of the dependence of the IVGDR energies on bulk matter properties is presented. The E1 strengths below neutron threshold show fair agreement with results from ($γ$,$γ$') experiments on 112,116,120,124Sn in the energy region between 6 and 7 MeV. At higher excitation energies large differences are observed pointing to a different nature of the excited states with small ground state branching ratios. The isovector spin-M1 strengths exhibit a broad distribution between 6 and 12 MeV in all studied nuclei.
description: 32 pages, 23 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C
NTU-NPU System for Voice Privacy 2024 Challenge
Creators: name: Kuzmin, Nikita
name: Luong, Hieu-Thi
name: Yao, Jixun
name: Xie, Lei
name: Lee, Kong Aik
name: Chng, Eng Siong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we describe our submissions for the Voice Privacy Challenge 2024. Rather than proposing a novel speech anonymization system, we enhance the provided baselines to meet all required conditions and improve evaluated metrics. Specifically, we implement emotion embedding and experiment with WavLM and ECAPA2 speaker embedders for the B3 baseline. Additionally, we compare different speaker and prosody anonymization techniques. Furthermore, we introduce Mean Reversion F0 for B5, which helps to enhance privacy without a loss in utility. Finally, we explore disentanglement models, namely $β$-VAE and NaturalSpeech3 FACodec.
description: System description for VPC 2024
DO ANTIBIOTICS REDUCE PRODUCTION RISK FOR U.S. PORK PRODUCERS?
Creators: name: Liu, Xuanli
name: Miller, Gay Y.
name: McNamara, Paul E.
name: Liu, Xuanli
name: Miller, Gay Y.
name: McNamara, Paul E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: production risk
subject: antibiotics
subject: swine
subject: utility
subject: stochastic dominance

description: Production risk from live weight variation of market pigs has become a more important concern in U.S. swine production. Packers are concerned about the variation in carcass size because of the demand for standardized cuts and the use of automation in the slaughter process. Swine producers care about standardized pigs because of revenue implications and possible links to animal health and productivity. Pig size variation can be due to various condition and inputs including antibiotics. However, discussions on risk reduction from antibiotic use have generally not been considered. Our work extends previous studies by systematically examining the aspects of production risk reduction and highlights the potential results of banning antibiotics from a risk perspective. Using data from National Animal Health Monitoring System 2000 survey data and PigCHAMP, we identify the relationship between antibiotic use and production risk by an econometric model. Applying production costs for feeder to market pigs and a price matrix, the uncertainty in profits is evaluated. The impacts of risk on the decision making of swine producers are examined under the framework of expected utility and stochastic dominance analysis. Our results show that production risk from weight variability of market hogs is important in determining profits and utility under a pricing system. Production risk (i.e. weight gain variability) is related to the use of sub-therapeutic antibiotics. Swine producers could decrease production risk and enhance utility by adjusting antibiotic use. These results offer some support for optimal use of sub-therapeutic antibiotics.
A TRANSLOG COST FUNCTION ANALYSIS OF U.S. AGRICULTURE: A DYNAMIC SPECIFICATION
Creators: name: Moss, Charles B.
name: Erickson, Kenneth W.
name: Ball, V. Eldon
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: Moss, Charles B.
name: Erickson, Kenneth W.
name: Ball, V. Eldon
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: This study has used an empirical approach developed by Urga and Walters (2003) to examine the implications of the short-run specification of the standard translog cost specification along with the possible implications of non-stationarity. We have estimated a dynamic translog cost specification complete with dynamic share equations for U.S. agriculture and compared it to the static, long-run specification. We found that the dynamic translog specification yielded more significant parameter estimates, and yielded results that are consistent with economic theory. In particular, the coefficient m (the adjustment cost parameter) determines the overall autoregressive structure of the model. The fact that its estimated value (0.36) is statistically different from zero at any conventional level of confidence indicates that the dynamic structure of the model is important. This finding illustrates the superiority of the short-run, dynamic specification over the static, long-run model.
Marketing Portfolio Choices by Independent Peach Growers: An Application of the Polychotomous Selection Model
Creators: name: Florkowski, Wojciech J.
name: Park, Timothy A.
name: Bilgic, Abdulbaki
name: Florkowski, Wojciech J.
name: Park, Timothy A.
name: Bilgic, Abdulbaki
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In selecting a marketing channel for fresh peach sales, Georgia commercial peach growers choose the channel after accounting for buyers' preferences for quality attributes. Using the polychotomous selection model and survey data we identified external and internal quality attributes as essential factors influencing the choice of a marketing channel and the share of the crop marketed. Other factors influencing the choice and the volume sold through each marketing channel included orchard characteristics and the variety-determined fruit maturity.
INCOME DIVERSIFICATION AND POVERTY REDUCTION IN THE NORTHERN UPLANDS OF VIETNAM
Creators: name: Minot, Nicholas
name: Minot, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: In the context of the economic development, income diversification is sometimes defined as the process by which households switch from growing low-value staple food crops to growing a mix of food crops and higher-value commercial crops (crop diversification) and from farming to non-farm activities (non-farm diversification). The literature on income diversification has measured trends, identified determinants, and speculated on the constraints to diversification, but there has been relatively little analysis of the contribution of diversification to income growth. This paper uses household survey data from 1993 and 1998 to quantify the contribution of crop diversification and non-farm diversification to the growth of household income in the northern upland region of Vietnam. We find that rural incomes have increased substantially over this period, but non-farm income has increased at the same rate as farm income. Poor households are particularly dependent on crop income growth, while higher-income households rely more on non-farm diversification to increase their incomes. Crop diversification has made a non-negligible contribution to rising living standards in the northern uplands, but the contribution of yield growth is substantially greater. Crop income growth among poor households is based heavily on yield increases, while income growth among richer households is associated with area expansion and crop diversification. These results have implications for policies and investment to improve rural living standards.
Depth-zero base change for unramified U(2,1)
Creators: name: Adler, Jeffrey D.
name: Lansky, Joshua M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E50; 20G05; 20G25

description: We give an explicit description of L-packets and quadratic base change for depth-zero representations of unramified unitary groups in two and three variables. We show that this base change is compatible with unrefined minimal K-types.
description: 30 pages; uses LaTeX packages graphics (for a rotated table) and xy (for a diagram)
Performance of three-photon PET imaging: Monte Carlo simulations
Creators: name: Kacperski, Krzysztof
name: Spyrou, Nicholas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recently introduced the idea of making use of three-photon positron annihilations in positron emission tomography. In this paper the basic characteristics of the three-gamma imaging in PET are studied by means of Monte Carlo simulations and analytical computations. Two typical configurations of human and small animal scanners are considered. Three-photon imaging requires high energy resolution detectors. Parameters currently attainable by CdZnTe semiconductor detectors, the technology of choice for the future development of radiation imaging, are assumed. Spatial resolution is calculated as a function of detector energy resolution and size, position in the field of view, scanner size, and the energies of the three gamma annihilation photons. Possible ways to improve the spatial resolution obtained for nominal parameters: 1.5 cm and 3.2 mm FWHM for human and small animal scanners, respectively, are indicated. Counting rates of true and random three-photon events for typical human and small animal scanning configurations are assessed. A simple formula for minimum size of lesions detectable in the three-gamma based images is derived. Depending on the contrast and total number of registered counts, lesions of a few mm size for human and sub mm for small animal scanners can be detected.
Additional file 1 of Effects of climate, biotic factors, and phylogeny on allometric relationships: testing the metabolic scaling theory in plantations and natural forests across China
Creators: name: Sun, Han
name: Wang, Xiangping
name: Dayong Fan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Risk Attitudes and Human Mobility during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Chan, Ho Fai
name: Skali, Ahmed
name: Savage, David
name: Stadelmann, David
name: Torgler, Benno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Behavioral responses to pandemics are less shaped by actual mortality or hospitalization risks than they are by risk attitudes. We explore human mobility patterns as a measure of behavioral responses during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our results indicate that risk-taking attitude is a critical factor in predicting reduction in human mobility and increase social confinement around the globe. We find that the sharp decline in movement after the WHO (World Health Organization) declared COVID-19 to be a pandemic can be attributed to risk attitudes. Our results suggest that regions with risk-averse attitudes are more likely to adjust their behavioral activity in response to the declaration of a pandemic even before most official government lockdowns. Further understanding of the basis of responses to epidemics, e.g., precautionary behavior, will help improve the containment of the spread of the virus.
Can Chiral Symmetry Explain the Small Pentaquark Width?
Creators: name: Melikhov, Dmitri
name: Stech, Berthold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the decay amplitude for the Jaffe-Wilczek type pentaquarks is not suppressed by chiral symmetry. On the other hand, pentaquarks of positive or negative parity built up of an antiquark and two chirally different diquarks in an $S$-state are stable in the limit of a strictly unbroken chiral symmetry. These states can decay only via the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry. However, this breaking is strong because of the sizeable magnitude of the quark condensate. Thus, chiral symmetry cannot be the cause of a tiny decay amplitude, even for pentaquarks which are stable in the strict chiral symmetry limit.
description: Talk given at the 10th International Baryons Conference at Ecole Polytechnique (Palaiseau, France) 25 - 29 October 2004
System and rapidity dependence of baryon to meson ratios at RHIC
Creators: name: Kim, Eun-Joo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapidity and centrality dependence of baryon to meson ratios in Au$+$Au, Cu$+$Cu and p$+$p collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV at RHIC is presented. The $\bar{p}/π^{-}$ ratios are founded to be independent of collision system at a fixed $$ at mid- and forward rapidities.
description: Talk at Quark Matter 2005 Conference in Budapest, Hungary. 4 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Breast cancer mammospheres secrete Adrenomedullin to induce lipolysis and browning of adjacent adipocytes
Creators: name: Paré, Martin
name: Darini, Cédric Y.
name: Yao, Xi
name: Chignon-Sicard, Bérengère
name: Rekima, Samah
name: Lachambre, Simon
name: Virolle, Virginie
name: Aguilar-Mahecha, Adriana
name: Basik, Mark
name: Dani, Christian
name: Ladoux, Annie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 1 of SRSF1 regulates exosome microRNA enrichment in human cancer cells
Creators: name: Xu, Yi-Fan
name: Xiaohui Xu
name: Gin, Amy
name: Nshimiyimana, Jean D.
name: Mooers, Blaine H. M.
name: Caputi, Massimo
name: Hannafon, Bethany N.
name: Ding, Wei-Qun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. shRNA oligonucleotide sequences. Supplementary Figure 1. Gene ontology analysis of miR-1246 associated proteins. The enriched A. cellular component and B. molecular function categories of the 593 proteins found to associate with miR-1246. Supplementary Figure 2. Results of the RNA-binding specificities (RBPDB) database analysis of proteins predicted to bind to the mature miR-1246 sequence. Supplement Figure 3. SDS-PAGE of purified GST-SRSF1. A total of 5 μl of lysate or elute was loaded per lane. The gel was stained with Coomassie blue dye. Supplementary Figure 4. Exosomal miR-1246 levels in EIF3B knockdown PANC-1 cells. A. EIF3B knockdown verified by western blot. B. Exosomal miR-1246 in EIF3B knockdown PANC-1 cells. Supplementary Figure 5. Exosomal miR-1246 in TIA1 knockdown PANC-1 cells. A. TIA1 knockdown verified by western blot. B. Exosomal miR-1246 in TIA1 knockdown PANC-1 cells. Supplementary Figure 6. Association of SRSF1’s expression level with cancer patient survival. Data were from THE HUMAN PROTEIN ATLAS database: A. SRSF1 expression and survival years in pancreatic cancer patients. B. SRSF1 expression and survival years in liver cancer patients. C. SRSF1 expression and survival years in renal cancer patients.
SHORTFALLS IN 1997 NET FARM INCOME IN NORTH DAKOTA (Prepared for Senators Byron Dorgan and Kent Conrad)
Creators: name: Koo, Won W.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Swenson, Andrew L.
name: Johnson, D. Demcey
name: Flaskerud, George K.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Swenson, Andrew L.
name: Johnson, D. Demcey
name: Flaskerud, George K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Net farm income
subject: crop losses
subject: weather conditions
subject: North Dakota input output model

description: North Dakota net farm income declined in 1997 due to adverse weather conditions and low prices. The total income loss in 1997 was estimated to be $394 million, which was divided into $290 million due to weather and diseases, and $104 million due to lower-than-average prices. Net farm income losses were largest in Region 3 (Northeast), followed by Regions 1 (Northwest) and 6 (East Central). HRS wheat accounted for the largest income loss, followed by durum and barley.
56: John Brownlie (photographs; postcards)
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: John Brownie enlisted into the Black Watch in 1916 from his home in Glasgow. He had been a ploughman but had moved to the city looking for work as he had at that time a wife and 3 children to support. Due to no work he felt he should serve his country. He spent 2 years in France with the 51st Battalion and received a leg injury in 1918. From his hospital bed in 1918 he sent a loving Christmas card home to Glasgow for his wife and young children. He fully recovered and returned to Glasgow and lived a long live and fathered a further 5 children.
Additional file 1 of The costs outweigh the benefits: seeing side-effects online may decrease adherence to statins
Creators: name: Jones, Nickolas M.
name: Mukamel, Dana B.
name: Malik, Shaista
name: Greenfield, Robert S.
name: Reikes, Andrew
name: Wong, Nathan D.
name: Chow, Emilie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Material. The supplemental material includes details of the CLARIFI STATINS tool (Table S1) and information about factor loadings in four information-content areas across CLARIFI items (Table S2).
127: The Lloyd family (artefacts)
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: The images here are of artefacts found when clearing the Lloyd family house in Wantage. Lorenzo Lloyd moved to Wantage from Wiltshire in 1895 and established an engineering business there which was located in Portway. The former farmhouse and adjacent barn which housed the workshop were demolished in the late 1970's but the workshop has since been recreated in the Wantage and Downland Museum.
A minimization problem for the lapse and the initial-boundary value problem for Einstein's field equations
Creators: name: Nagy, Gabriel
name: Sarbach, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the initial-boundary value problem of General Relativity. Previous considerations for a toy model problem in electrodynamics motivate the introduction of a variational principle for the lapse with several attractive properties. In particular, it is argued that the resulting elliptic gauge condition for the lapse together with a suitable condition for the shift and constraint-preserving boundary conditions controlling the Weyl scalar Psi_0 are expected to yield a well posed initial-boundary value problem for metric formulations of Einstein's field equations which are commonly used in numerical relativity. To present a simple and explicit example we consider the 3+1 decomposition introduced by York of the field equations on a cubic domain with two periodic directions and prove in the weak field limit that our gauge condition for the lapse and our boundary conditions lead to a well posed problem. The method discussed here is quite general and should also yield well posed problems for different ways of writing the evolution equations, including first order symmetric hyperbolic or mixed first-order second-order formulations. Well posed initial-boundary value formulations for the linearization about arbitrary stationary configurations will be presented elsewhere.
description: 34 pages, no figures
Ergodic Specifications for Flexible Swarm Control: From User Commands to Persistent Adaptation
Creators: name: Prabhakar, Ahalya
name: Abraham, Ian
name: Taylor, Annalisa
name: Schlafly, Millicent
name: Popovic, Katarina
name: Diniz, Giovani
name: Teich, Brendan
name: Simidchieva, Borislava
name: Clark, Shane
name: Murphey, Todd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a formulation for swarm control and high-level task planning that is dynamically responsive to user commands and adaptable to environmental changes. We design an end-to-end pipeline from a tactile tablet interface for user commands to onboard control of robotic agents based on decentralized ergodic coverage. Our approach demonstrates reliable and dynamic control of a swarm collective through the use of ergodic specifications for planning and executing agent trajectories as well as responding to user and external inputs. We validate our approach in a virtual reality simulation environment and in real-world experiments at the DARPA OFFSET Urban Swarm Challenge FX3 field tests with a robotic swarm where user-based control of the swarm and mission-based tasks require a dynamic and flexible response to changing conditions and objectives in real-time.
Thoughts on Non-Perturbative Thermalization and Jet Quenching in Heavy Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Kovchegov, Yuri V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We start by presenting physical arguments for the impossibility of perturbative thermalization leading to (non-viscous) Bjorken hydrodynamic description of heavy ion collisions. These arguments are complimentary to our more formal argument presented in [hep-ph/0503038]. We argue that the success of hydrodynamic models in describing the quark-gluon system produced in heavy ion collisions could only be due to non-perturbative strong coupling effects. We continue by studying non-perturbative effects in heavy ion collisions at high energies. We model non-perturbative phenomena by an instanton ensemble. We show that non-perturbative instanton vacuum fields may significantly contribute to jet quenching in nuclear collisions. At the same time, the instanton ensemble contribution to thermalization is likely to be rather weak, leading to non-perturbative thermalization time comparable to the time of hadronization. This example illustrates that jet quenching is not necessarily a signal of a thermalized medium. Indeed, since the instanton models do not capture all the effects of QCD vacuum (e.g. they do not account for confinement), there may be other non-perturbative effects facilitating thermalization of the system.
description: 26 pages, no figures