cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pseudogap phenomena in ultracold atomic Fermi gases
Creators: name: Chen, Qijin
name: Wang, Jibiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pairing and superfluid phenomena in a two-component ultracold atomic Fermi gas is an analogue of Cooper pairing and superconductivity in an electron system, in particular, the high $T_c$ superconductors. Owing to the various tunable parameters that have been made accessible experimentally in recent years, atomic Fermi gases can be explored as a prototype or quantum simulator of superconductors. It is hoped that, utilizing such an analogy, the study of atomic Fermi gases may shed light to the mysteries of high $T_c$ superconductivity. One obstacle to the ultimate understanding of high $T_c$ superconductivity, from day one of its discovery, is the anomalous yet widespread pseudogap phenomena, for which a consensus is yet to be reached within the physics community, after over 27 years of intensive research efforts. In this article, we shall review the progress in the study of pseudogap phenomena in atomic Fermi gases in terms of both theoretical understanding and experimental observations. We show that there is strong, unambiguous evidence for the existence of a pseudogap in strongly interacting Fermi gases. In this context, we shall present a pairing fluctuation theory of the pseudogap physics and show that it is indeed a strong candidate theory for high $T_c$ superconductivity.
description: Invited review article, 32 Figures, 29 pages
Terms of Use and License for the Research Data Repository (RDR) of Universität Hamburg (UHH)
Creators: name: Wörner, Kai
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: terms, tos

description: Terms of Use and License for the Research Data Repository (RDR) of Universität Hamburg (UHH) A German version is available at https://doi.org/10.25592/uhhfdm.1 Revision history: 5.1 typo-corrected version, HTML added.
 5.0 first archived version. Older versions only exist as part of the repository source code.
Decoherence of Cooper pairs and subgap magnetoconductance of superconducting hybrids
Creators: name: Semenov, Andrew G.
name: Zaikin, Andrei D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that electron-electron interactions fundamentally restrict the penetration length of superconducting correlations into a diffusive normal metal (N) attached to a superconductor (S). We evaluate the subgap magnetoconductance $G$ of SN hybrids in the presence of electron-electron interactions and demonstrate that the effect of the magnetic field on $G$ is twofold: It includes ($i$) additional temperature independent dephasing of Cooper pairs and ($ii$) Zeeman splitting between the states with opposite spins. The dephasing length of Cooper pairs can be directly extracted from measurements of the subgap magnetoconductance in SN systems at low temperatures.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, proceedings of FQMT-13 conference (29 July - 3 August 2013, Prague, Czech Republic)
MerTK regulates thymic selection of autoreactive T cells
Creators: name: Mathews, C. E.
name: Wallet, M. A.
name: Matsushima, G.
name: Earp, H. S.
name: Kroger, C. J.
name: Flores, R. R.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Tisch, R.
name: Wang, B.
name: Yi, Z.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes (T1D) are believed to be the result in part of inefficient negative selection of self-specific thymocytes. However, the events regulating thymic negative selection are not fully understood. In the current study, we demonstrate that nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice lacking expression of the Mer tyrosine kinase (MerTK) have reduced inflammation of the pancreatic islets and fail to develop diabetes. Furthermore, NOD mice deficient in MerTK expression (Mer−/−) exhibit a reduced frequency of β cell-specific T cells independent of immunoregulatory effectors. The establishment of bone marrow chimeric mice demonstrated that the block in β cell autoimmunity required hematopoietic-derived cells lacking MerTK expression. Notably, fetal thymic organ cultures and self-peptide administration showed increased thymic negative selection in Mer−/− mice. Finally, thymic dendritic cells (DC) prepared from Mer−/− mice exhibited an increased capacity to induce thymocyte apoptosis in a peptide-specific manner in vitro. These findings provide evidence for a unique mechanism involving MerTK-mediated regulation of thymocyte negative selection and thymic DC, and suggest a role for MerTK in contributing to β cell autoimmunity.
Superluminal two-color light in multiple Raman gain medium
Creators: name: Kudriašov, V.
name: Ruseckas, J.
name: Mekys, A.
name: Ekers, A.
name: Bezuglov, N.
name: Juzeliūnas, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically the formation of two-component light with superluminal group velocity in a medium controlled by four Raman pump fields. In such an optical scheme only a particular combination of the probe fields is coupled to the matter and exhibits superluminal propagation, the orthogonal combination is uncoupled. The individual probe fields do not have a definite group velocity in the medium. Calculations demonstrate that this superluminal component experiences an envelope advancement in the medium with respect to the propagation in vacuum.
A Carbon Monitoring System for Lithuanian Soils Utilizing Remote Sensing and XAI Techniques
Creators: name: Samarinas, Nikiforos
name: Tsakiridis, Nikolaos L.
name: Boletos, Georgios
name: Kalopesa, Eleni
name: Zalidis, George C.
Publisher: name: GEO Knowledge Hub
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Agricultural sciences
subject: FOS: Agricultural sciences
subject: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries
subject: Other agricultural sciences
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences

description: Overview
To safeguard natural capital of soils, in a continuously volatile landscape of reduced resources and environmental changes and pave the way for the development of evidence-based conservation recommendations for Common Agricultural Policy, it is essential to improve capacities for soil health monitoring by adopting multidimensional and integrated approaches. However, the available soil maps correspond to a not up-to date and coarse representation of the various soil properties, making their use impossible for Good Agricultural and Environmental Conditions (GAECs) monitoring in the framework of cross-compliance. This action facilitates the access to and integration of national spatial data with untapped GEOSS research-based soil data and different spaceborne sources such as Copernicus, into user's oriented applications.                                                                 In the light of the above, we addressed the challenges of big data handling and analysis by adopting and further developing cutting edge technologies in the domain of ICT and eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI).  Ηere we provide an answer to the issue of data limitation to scale, and transform into digital, the monitoring and reporting capacities from farm to regional datasets having the desired spatio-temporal representativeness and reliability. As a result, the produced product (Bare soil, SOC and clay content, SOC stocks) exhibit a high spatial resolution and can effectively discriminate changes at both intra-field and inter-field levels.
Access
The Carbon Monitoring System for Lithuanian Soils application can be found here.
Funding
The authors acknowledge the funding received by the EIFFEL project (funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 101003518).
Mig-6 modulates uterine steroid hormone responsiveness and exhibits altered expression in endometrial disease
Creators: name: Giudice, L. C.
name: Tsai, S. Y.
name: Lee, H. S.
name: Lessey, B. A.
name: Zhang, Y.-W.
name: Lee, K. Y.
name: Vande Woude, G. F.
name: Broaddus, R. R.
name: Lydon, J. P.
name: DeMayo, F. J.
name: Jeong, J.-W.
name: Young, S. L.
name: White, L. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Normal endometrial function requires a balance of progesterone (P4) and estrogen (E2) effects. An imbalance caused by increased E2 action and/or decreased P4 action can result in abnormal endometrial proliferation and, ultimately, endometrial adenocarcinoma, the fourth most common cancer in women. We have identified mitogen-inducible gene 6 (Mig-6) as a downstream target of progesterone receptor (PR) and steroid receptor coactivator (SRC-1) action in the uterus. Here, we demonstrate that absence of Mig-6 in mice results in the inability of P4 to inhibit E2-induced uterine weight gain and E2-responsive target genes expression. At 5 months of age, the absence of Mig-6 results in endometrial hyperplasia. Ovariectomized Mig-6d/d mice exhibit this hyperplastic phenotype in the presence of E2 and P4 but not without ovarian hormone. Ovariectomized Mig-6d/d mice treated with E2 developed invasive endometrioid-type endometrial adenocarcinoma. Importantly, the observation that endometrial carcinomas from women have a significant reduction in MIG-6 expression provides compelling support for an important growth regulatory role for Mig-6 in the uterus of both humans and mice. This demonstrates the Mig-6 is a critical regulator of the response of the endometrium to E2 in regulating tissue homeostasis. Since Mig-6 is regulated by both PR and SRC-1, this identifies a PR, SRC-1, Mig-6 regulatory pathway that is critical in the suppression of endometrial cancer.
Soft materials for linear electromechanical energy conversion
Creators: name: Jakli, Antal
name: Eber, Nandor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly review the literature of linear electromechanical effects of soft materials, especially in synthetic and biological polymers and liquid crystals (LCs). First we describe results on direct and converse piezoelectricity, and then we discuss a linear coupling between bending and electric polarization, which maybe called bending piezoelectricity, or flexoelectricity.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Molecular noise of capping protein binding induces macroscopic instability in filopodial dynamics
Creators: name: Papoian, Garegin A.
name: Zhuravlev, Pavel I.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Capping proteins are among the most important regulatory proteins involved in controlling complicated stochastic dynamics of filopodia, which are dynamic finger-like protrusions used by eukaryotic motile cells to probe their environment and help guide cell motility. They attach to the barbed end of a filament and prevent polymerization, leading to effective filament retraction due to retrograde flow. When we simulated filopodial growth in the presence of capping proteins, qualitatively different dynamics emerged, compared with actin-only system. We discovered that molecular noise due to capping protein binding and unbinding leads to macroscopic filopodial length fluctuations, compared with minuscule fluctuations in the actin-only system. Thus, our work shows that molecular noise of signaling proteins may induce micrometer-scale growth–retraction cycles in filopodia. When capped, some filaments eventually retract all the way down to the filopodial base and disappear. This process endows filopodium with a finite lifetime. Additionally, the filopodia transiently grow several times longer than in actin-only system, since less actin transport is required because of bundle thinning. We have also developed an accurate mean-field model that provides qualitative explanations of our numerical simulation results. Our results are broadly consistent with experiments, in terms of predicting filopodial growth retraction cycles and the average filopodial lifetimes.
Equations of motion in metric-affine gravity: A covariant unified framework
Creators: name: Puetzfeld, Dirk
name: Obukhov, Yuri N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the equations of motion of extended deformable bodies in metric-affine gravity. The conservation laws which follow from the invariance of the action under the general coordinate transformations are used as a starting point for the discussion of the dynamics of extended deformable test bodies. By means of a covariant approach, based on Synge's world function, we obtain the master equation of motion for an arbitrary system of coupled conserved currents. This unified framework is then applied to metric-affine gravity. We confirm and extend earlier findings; in particular, we once again demonstrate that it is only possible to detect the post-Riemannian spacetime geometry by ordinary (non-microstructured) test bodies if gravity is nonminimally coupled to matter.
description: 13 pages, RevTex format. Dedicated to Friedrich W. Hehl on the occasion of his birthday
Netrin-1- 3 1 integrin interactions regulate the migration of interneurons through the cortical marginal zone
Creators: name: Stanco, A.
name: Anton, E. S.
name: Polleux, F.
name: Kreidberg, J. A.
name: Rao, S.
name: Patel, N.
name: Campbell, K.
name: Szekeres, C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Cortical GABAergic interneurons, most of which originate in the ganglionic eminences, take distinct tangential migratory trajectories into the developing cerebral cortex. However, the ligand–receptor systems that modulate the tangential migration of distinct groups of interneurons into the emerging cerebral wall remain unclear. Here, we show that netrin-1, a diffusible guidance cue expressed along the migratory routes traversed by GABAergic interneurons, interacts with α3β1 integrin to promote interneuronal migration. In vivo analysis of interneuron-specific α3β1 integrin, netrin-1–deficient mice (α3lox/−Dlx5/6-CIE, netrin-1−/−) reveals specific deficits in the patterns of interneuronal migration along the top of the developing cortical plate, resulting in aberrant interneuronal positioning throughout the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of conditional α3lox/−Dlx5/6-CIE, netrin-1−/− mice. These results indicate that specific guidance mechanisms, such as netrin-1–α3β1 integrin interactions, modulate distinct routes of interneuronal migration and the consequent positioning of groups of cortical interneurons in the developing cerebral cortex.
Memilih Jurnal Bereputasi Scopus dan Untuk meningkatkan H-Index Scopus 29-30 September 2022 Hotel IBIS Jemursari Surabaya
Creators: name: Dr. Rusdiyanto, SE,. M. Ak,. CH,. CHt
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Kreteria Jurnal Internasional Bereputasi •Karya ilmiah yang diterbitkan ditulis dengan memenuhi kaidah ilmiah dan etika keilmuan; •Memiliki ISSN; •Ditulis dengan menggunakan bahasa resmi PBB (Inggris, Perancis, Arab, Rusia, dan Tiongkok); •Memiliki terbitan versi daring; •Dikelola secara profesional; •Dewan editor (editorial board) adalah pakar di bidangnya dan sedikitnya berasal dari 4 negara; •Artikel ilmiah yang diterbitkan dalam satu terbitan (issue) ditulis oleh penulis dari berbagai negara; dan Memuat karya ilmiah dari penulis yang berasal dari berbagai negara dalam setiap terbitannya. Catatan: Jurnal ilmiah nasional terakreditasi B dari Kemristekdikti yang diterbitkan dalam salah satu bahasa PBB, terindeks di DOAJ dengan indikator green tick (centang dalam lingkaran hijau) disetarakan/diakui sebagai jurnal internasional Bereputasi. Kutipan/ CItasi qMenurut (Shopia, 2002) Kutipan/Citasi adalah : 1.Tindakan mengutip kata-kata atau tulisan dari sumber-sumber tertentu (Buku, Artikel Ilmiah, Web, dll). 2.Menyalin atau mengulang (bagian, pernyataan) dari buku, dokumen, pidato, dll dengan sedikit mengubahnya menjadi kata-kata yang lain. qSecara garis besar Citasi atau sitasi berarti mencantumkan nama atau sumber suatu kutipan ketika kita hendak menyalin atau mengutip pernyataan seseorang ke dalam karya tulis yang kita buat.
A Convergent $3$-Block Semi-Proximal ADMM for Convex Minimization Problems with One Strongly Convex Block
Creators: name: Li, Min
name: Sun, Defeng
name: Toh, Kim-Chuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C25, 90C33, 65K05

description: In this paper, we present a semi-proximal alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) for solving $3$-block separable convex minimization problems with the second block in the objective being a strongly convex function and one coupled linear equation constraint. By choosing the semi-proximal terms properly, we establish the global convergence of the proposed semi-proximal ADMM for the step-length $τ\in (0, (1+\sqrt{5})/2)$ and the penalty parameter $σ\in (0, +\infty)$. In particular, if $σ>0$ is smaller than a certain threshold and the first and third linear operators in the linear equation constraint are injective, then all the three added semi-proximal terms can be dropped and consequently, the convergent $3$-block semi-proximal ADMM reduces to the directly extended $3$-block ADMM with $τ\in (0, (1+\sqrt{5})/2)$.
description: 15 pages
g factor of lithiumlike silicon 28Si11+
Creators: name: Wagner, Anke
name: Sturm, Sven
name: Köhler, Florian
name: Glazov, Dmitry A.
name: Volotka, Andrey V.
name: Plunien, Günter
name: Quint, Wolfgang
name: Werth, Günter
name: Shabaev, Vladimir M.
name: Blaum, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The g factor of lithiumlike 28Si11+ has been measured in a triple-Penning trap with a relative uncertainty of 1.1x10^{-9} to be g_exp=2.0008898899(21). The theoretical prediction for this value was calculated to be g_th=2.000889909(51) improving the accuracy to 2.5x10^{-8} due to the first rigorous evaluation of the two-photon exchange correction. The measured value is in excellent agreement with the state-of-the-art theoretical prediction and yields the most stringent test of bound-state QED for the g factor of the 1s^22s state and the relativistic many-electron calculations in a magnetic field.
Propagule supply controls grazer community structure and primary production in a benthic marine ecosystem
Creators: name: Bruno, J. F.
name: Lee, S. C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Early theories of species diversity proposed that communities at equilibrium are saturated with species. However, experiments in plant communities suggest that many communities are unsaturated and species richness can be increased by adding propagules of new species. We experimentally tested for community saturation and measured the effects of propagule supply on community structure in a benthic marine system. We manipulated propagule supply (arrival of individuals of numerous species) of mobile grazers in experimental mesocosms over multiple generations and, unlike previous tests, we examined the cascading effects of propagule supply on prey (macroalgae) biomass. We found little evidence for saturation, despite the absence of processes such as disturbance and predation that are thought to alleviate saturation in nature. Increasing propagule supply increased the total number of species and made rare species more abundant. Perhaps surprisingly, given the strong effect of propagule supply on species richness, supply-related changes in body size and composition suggest that competitive interactions remained important. Grazer supply also had strong cascading effects on primary production, possibly because of dietary complementarity modified by territorial behavior. Our results indicate that propagule supply can directly influence the diversity and composition of communities of mobile animals. Furthermore, the supply of consumer propagules can have strong indirect effects on prey and fundamental ecosystem properties.
title: Single Row Routing: Theoretical and Experimental Performance Evaluation, and New Heuristic Development
Creators: name: Hysom, David A.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: The Single Row Routing Problem (SRRP) is an abstraction arising from real-world multilayer routing concerns. While NP-Complete, development of efficient SRRP routing heuristics are of vital concern to VLSI design. Previously, researchers have introduced various heuristics for SRRP; however, a comprehensive examination of SRRP behavior has been lacking.

We are particularly concerned with the street-congestion minimization constraint, which is agreed to be the constraint of greatest interest to industry. Several theorems stating lower bounds on street congestion are known. We show that these bounds are not tight in general, and argue they may be in error by at least 50% for some problem instances. On an experimental level, we examine upper and lower bound behavior through generation and processing of large data sets of randomly distributed problem instances. Using this data as input to implementations of previously published heuristics, we establish a minimal performance baseline for evaluation of routing algorithms.

We also present a new algorithmic framework, and discuss its use for development of heuristics of varying "optimality" and time performance characteristics. We fully implement one such algorithm, and experimentally show its superiority to previous routing heuristics.
Rapid modulation of spine morphology by the 5-HT2A serotonin receptor through kalirin-7 signaling
Creators: name: Penzes, P.
name: Srivastava, D. P.
name: Jones, K. A.
name: Roth, B. L.
name: Strachan, R. T.
name: Allen, J. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The 5-HT2A serotonin receptor is the most abundant serotonin receptor subtype in the cortex and is predominantly expressed in pyramidal neurons. The 5-HT2A receptor is a target of several hallucinogens, antipsychotics, anxiolytics, and antidepressants, and it has been associated with several psychiatric disorders, conditions that are also associated with aberrations in dendritic spine morphogenesis. However, the role of 5-HT2A receptors in regulating dendritic spine morphogenesis in cortical neurons is unknown. Here we show that the 5-HT2A receptor is present in a subset of spines, in addition to dendritic shafts. It colocalizes with PSD-95 and with multiple PDZ protein-1 (MUPP1) in a subset of dendritic spines of rat cortical pyramidal neurons. MUPP1 is enriched in postsynaptic density (PSD) fractions, is targeted to spines in pyramidal neurons, and enhances the localization of 5-HT2A receptors to the cell periphery. 5-HT2A receptor activation by the 5-HT2 receptor agonist DOI induced a transient increase in dendritic spine size, as well as phosphorylation of p21-activated kinase (PAK) in cultured cortical neurons. PAK is a downstream target of the neuronal Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RacGEF) kalirin-7 that is important for spine remodeling. Kalirin-7 regulates dendritic spine morphogenesis in neurons but its role in neuromodulator signaling has not been investigated. We show that peptide interference that prevents the localization of kalirin-7 to the postsynaptic density disrupts DOI-induced PAK phosphorylation and spine morphogenesis. These results suggest a potential role for serotonin signaling in modulating spine morphology and kalirin-7's function at cortical synapses.
Homogeneous Open Quantum Random Walks on a lattice
Creators: name: Carbone, Raffaella
name: Pautrat, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study Open Quantum Random Walks for which the underlying graph is a lattice, and the generators of the walk are translation-invariant. We consider the quantum trajectory associated with the OQRW, which is described by a position process and a state process. We obtain a central limit theorem and a large deviation principle for the position process, and an ergodic result for the state process. We study in detail the case of homogeneous OQRWs on a lattice, with internal space $h={\mathbb C}^2$.
Residual breast cancers after conventional therapy display mesenchymal as well as tumor-initiating features
Creators: name: Fan, C.
name: Wong, H.
name: Li, X.
name: Rimm, D. L.
name: Hilsenbeck, S. G.
name: Gutierrez, M. C.
name: Larionov, A. A.
name: Pavlick, A.
name: Dixon, J. M.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Herschkowitz, J. I.
name: Sjolund, A.
name: Creighton, C. J.
name: Landis, M.
name: He, X.
name: Faratian, D.
name: Perou, C. M.
name: Chang, J. C.
name: Lewis, M. T.
name: Renshaw, L.
name: Rodriguez, A.
name: Neumeister, V. M.
name: Rosen, J. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Some breast cancers have been shown to contain a small fraction of cells characterized by CD44+/CD24−/low cell-surface antigen profile that have high tumor-initiating potential. In addition, breast cancer cells propagated in vitro as mammospheres (MSs) have also been shown to be enriched for cells capable of self-renewal. In this study, we have defined a gene expression signature common to both CD44+/CD24−/low and MS-forming cells. To examine its clinical significance, we determined whether tumor cells surviving after conventional treatments were enriched for cells bearing this CD44+/CD24−/low-MS signature. The CD44+/CD24−/low-MS signature was found mainly in human breast tumors of the recently identified “claudin-low” molecular subtype, which is characterized by expression of many epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT)-associated genes. Both CD44+/CD24−/low-MS and claudin-low signatures were more pronounced in tumor tissue remaining after either endocrine therapy (letrozole) or chemotherapy (docetaxel), consistent with the selective survival of tumor-initiating cells posttreatment. We confirmed an increased expression of mesenchymal markers, including vimentin (VIM) in cytokeratin-positive epithelial cells metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), in two separate sets of postletrozole vs. pretreatment specimens. Taken together, these data provide supporting evidence that the residual breast tumor cell populations surviving after conventional treatment may be enriched for subpopulations of cells with both tumor-initiating and mesenchymal features. Targeting proteins involved in EMT may provide a therapeutic strategy for eliminating surviving cells to prevent recurrence and improve long-term survival in breast cancer patients.
Green Global Policy Assemblages: The Evolution of Community-Based Natural Resource Management in Response to Climate Change in Namibia
Creators: name: Heffernan, Andrew
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2022
Subjects: Namibia
Community-Based Natural Resource Management
Climate Change
Green Global Policy Assemblages
Global Environmental Governance

description: Community-Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) has emerged in southern Africa as a form of resource governance that is intended to devolve control of natural resources to local populations. CBNRM has produced demonstrable benefits in attaining its three goals of economic development, environmental conservation, and community empowerment, however, over time success has seemingly dwindled which has been documented in the literature. Many scholars argue that it is the third goal of community empowerment that most often fails to be realized. Beyond that, one of the major gaps that exists in the literature is an analysis of the impact of climate change on the CBNRM programs. This dissertation will analyze the challenges and opportunities of climate change while further analyzing to what degree local communities benefit as a result. It builds on existing global assemblage work to develop a composite theoretical approach that analyzes CBNRM as green global policy assemblage in order to account for the evolution of CBNRM in response to climate change. This approach is necessary as CBNRM is highly political and the resultant developing power relations are rearticulating global environmental governance and traditional levels of analysis. What emerges from the case study of Namibia is a policy assemblage that results in power being distributed and enacted in ways that traditional theories of International Relations cannot adequately account for within their state-centric ontology. This dissertation is based on fieldwork conducted in Namibia, a country that is generally recognized as a global leader in CBNRM. My conclusions suggest that CBNRM cannot be viewed as an empowering of Namibian communities and corresponding weakening of the state. Instead, the state maintains its sovereign power however at a distance and it is exercised in a less direct fashion than would have traditionally been the case. Furthermore, by devolving power the state enables NGOs to exert their influence on the ground in assisting communities. However, the actions of NGOs have important political effects based on the complex relations they have with other countries, multilateral institutions, as well as novel hybrid organizations that are increasingly empowered to engage in development actions throughout the Global South. While this proliferation of actors has resulted in continued funding streams for important development initiatives, it also continues the dependence of African communities on global actors. In some ways this is making communities less autonomous and more reliant on others, rather than self-sufficient as CBNRM entails.
How to make the most of our food resources? Best practice tips for food producers, bio-industries, scientists and policymakers
Creators: name: Model2Bio project team
name: Fernández Arévalo, Tamara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Agri-food by-products
Valorisation
Decision Support System (DSS) tool
Waste management and optimisation
Bio-based industries (BBIs)

description: What if there was a tool to help agri-food producers identify by-products with a high potential for becoming new bio-based products? What if this tool could also identify the best way to reuse these agri-food by-products and simulate new valorisation scenarios? 
In May 2020, scientists, technology developers and food clusters from across Europe started their mission to develop such software: The Model2Bio DecisionSupport System.
This system simulates the entire value chain and helps agri-food producers and manufacturers of bio-based products select and reuse organic residues in the most economic and sustainable way.
In this booklet, we show the unique potential of agrifood by-products and share tips for their reuse, future research, and policy implementations.
RNA repair restores hemoglobin expression in IVS2-654 thalassemic mice
Creators: name: Suwanmanee, T.
name: Moulton, H. M.
name: Nelson, M. H.
name: Kole, R.
name: Fucharoen, S.
name: Maeda, N.
name: Svasti, S.
name: Smithies, O.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Repair of β-globin pre-mRNA rendered defective by a thalassemia-causing splicing mutation, IVS2–654, in intron 2 of the human β-globin gene was accomplished in vivo in a mouse model of IVS2–654 thalassemia. This was effected by a systemically delivered splice-switching oligonucleotide (SSO), a morpholino oligomer conjugated to an arginine-rich peptide. The SSO blocked the aberrant splice site in the targeted pre-mRNA and forced the splicing machinery to reselect existing correct splice sites. Repaired β-globin mRNA restored significant amounts of hemoglobin in the peripheral blood of the IVS2–654 mouse, improving the number and quality of erythroid cells.
Alta hospitalar responsável: construção do cuidado contínuo.
Creators: name: Oliveira Sakano, Liliane
name: Quaglio Chirelli, Mara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: continuidade da assistência ao paciente; assistência centrada no paciente; alta do paciente; humanização da assistência.

description: O presente trabalho foi realizado com apoio da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - Código de Financiamento 001, e no contexto de Mestrado Profissional "Ensino em Saúde" da Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (Famema), aos quais agradecemos.

A intencionalidade do estudo foi analisar como acontece a continuidade do cuidado a partir da alta, na perspectiva dos profissionais, gestores e docentes, além da identificação do fluxo de alta para a inserção da pessoa dependente de cuidados pós-alta na rede de saúde, as necessidades regionais e a integração dos serviços em saúde e instituições de ensino.

Busca-se por meio da proposição de estratégias a serem construídas a partir da análise dos temas da investigação intitulada "Alta hospitalar responsável: construção do cuidado contínuo", superarmos desafios encontrados no cenário de pesquisa, para implementar, de fato, a alta responsável e a continuidade do cuidado em hospital de referência regional, além de estabelecer um fluxo de rede que hoje é fragmentada.
SDF-1  stimulates JNK3 activity via eNOS-dependent nitrosylation of MKP7 to enhance endothelial migration
Creators: name: Pi, X.
name: Patterson, C.
name: Wu, Y.
name: Ferguson, J. E.
name: Portbury, A. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The chemokine stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α) is a pivotal player in angiogenesis. It is capable of influencing such cellular processes as tubulogenesis and endothelial cell migration, yet very little is known about the actual signaling events that mediate SDF-1α-induced endothelial cell function. In this report, we describe the identification of an intricate SDF-1α-induced signaling cascade that involves endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), JNK3, and MAPK phosphatase 7 (MKP7). We demonstrate that the SDF-1α-induced activation of JNK3, critical for endothelial cell migration, depends on the prior activation of eNOS. Specifically, activation of eNOS leads to production of NO and subsequent nitrosylation of MKP7, rendering the phosphatase inactive and unable to inhibit the activation of JNK3. These observations reinforce the importance of nitric oxide and S-nitrosylation in angiogenesis and provide a mechanistic pathway for SDF-1α-induced endothelial cell migration. In addition, the discovery of this interactive network of pathways provides novel and unexpected therapeutic targets for angiogenesis-dependent diseases.
title: Architectural Optimization of Digital Libraries
Creators: name: Biser, Aileen O.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: This work investigates performance and scaling issues relevant to large scale distributed digital libraries. Presently, performance and scaling studies focus on specific implementations of production or prototype digital libraries. Although useful information is gained to aid these designers and other researchers with insights to performance and scaling issues, the broader issues relevant to very large scale distributed libraries are not addressed. Specifically, no current studies look at the extreme or worst case possibilities in digital library implementations. A survey of digital library research issues is presented. Scaling and performance issues are mentioned frequently in the digital library literature but are generally not the focus of much of the current research.

In this thesis a model for a Generic Distributed Digital Library (GDDL) and nine cases of typical user activities are defined. This model is used to facilitate some basic analysis of scaling issues. Specifically, the calculation of Internet traffic generated for different configurations of the study parameters and an estimate of the future bandwidth needed for a large scale distributed digital library implementation.

This analysis demonstrates the potential impact a future distributed digital library implementation would have on the Internet traffic load and raises questions concerning the architecture decisions being made for future distributed digital library designs and the Internet capacities that will be necessary to support them. This analysis suggests that network capacities of 622 Mbps will be required to go much beyond 100 heavily used independent digital library sites. Additionally, capacities beyond 622 Mbps will be required to realize the worldwide distributed digital library consisting of a 1000 or more digital library sites. These results also point out the need for architecture modifications and software improvements to reduce and minimize the amount of network traffic generated as we move to a global digital library implementation.
Strongly First-Order Electroweak Phase Transition and Classical Scale Invariance
Creators: name: Farzinnia, Arsham
name: Ren, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we examine the possibility of realizing a strongly first-order electroweak phase transition within the minimal classically scale invariant extension of the standard model (SM), previously proposed and analyzed as a potential solution to the hierarchy problem. By introducing one complex singlet scalar and three right-handed Majorana neutrinos, the scenario was successfully capable of achieving a radiative breaking of the electroweak symmetry (Coleman-Weinberg Mechanism), inducing non-zero masses for the SM neutrinos (seesaw mechanism), presenting a pseudoscalar dark matter candidate, and predicting the existence of a second $CP$-even boson in addition to the 125 GeV scalar. We construct the full finite-temperature one-loop effective potential of the model, including the resummed thermal daisy loops, and demonstrate that finite-temperature effects induce a first-order electroweak phase transition. Requiring the thermally-driven first-order phase transition to be sufficiently strong further constrains the model's parameter space; in particular, an $\mathcal O(0.01)$ fraction of the dark matter in the universe may be simultaneously accommodated with a strongly first-order electroweak phase transition. Moreover, such a phase transition disfavors right-handed Majorana neutrino masses above several hundreds of GeV, confines the pseudoscalar dark matter masses to $\sim 1$-2 TeV, predicts the mass of the second $CP$-even scalar to be $\sim 100$-300 GeV, and requires the mixing angle between the $CP$-even components of the SM doublet and the complex singlet to lie within the range $0.2 \lesssim \sinω\lesssim 0.4$. The obtained results are displayed in comprehensive exclusion plots, identifying the viable regions of the parameter space. Many of these predictions lie within the reach of the next LHC run.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures. Published version, typos corrected, references added
On the phase diagram and the singlet scalar channel in Yang-Mills-Higgs theory
Creators: name: Maas, Axel
name: Mufti, Tajdar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Yang-Mills-Higgs theory is quite a remarkable theory in that it shows very different behaviors without phase transitions. It is dominated by the Brout-Englert-Higgs mechanism in some domain of the phase diagram, while it is essentially QCD-like in another. It is expected that albeit there is no qualitative difference, there are substantially quantitative differences throughout the spectrum. This is investigated using lattice theory for the case of the scalar singlet channel for more than a hundred different points in the phase diagram. It is found that the results deviate partly substantially from the expectations in some cases, but in others justify the picture of a weakly interacting theory - even in cases of rather strong interactions at the ultraviolet cutoff.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, talk given at the "XXXII International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory", New York, June 2014. Submitted to the proceedings
Specific Arabidopsis HSP90.2 alleles recapitulate RAR1 cochaperone function in plant NB-LRR disease resistance protein regulation
Creators: name: Tornero, P.
name: Hubert, D. A.
name: He, Y.
name: Dangl, J. L.
name: McNulty, B. C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Both plants and animals require the activity of proteins containing nucleotide binding (NB) domain and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains for proper immune system function. NB-LRR proteins in plants (NLR proteins in animals) also require conserved regulation via the proteins SGT1 and cytosolic HSP90. RAR1, a protein specifically required for plant innate immunity, interacts with SGT1 and HSP90 to maintain proper NB-LRR protein steady-state levels. Here, we present the identification and characterization of specific mutations in Arabidopsis HSP90.2 that suppress all known phenotypes of rar1. These mutations are unique with respect to the many mutant alleles of HSP90 identified in all systems in that they can bypass the requirement for a cochaperone and result in the recovery of client protein accumulation and function. Additionally, these mutations separate HSP90 ATP hydrolysis from HSP90 function in client protein folding and/or accumulation. By recapitulating the activity of RAR1, these novel hsp90 alleles allow us to propose that RAR1 regulates the physical open–close cycling of a known “lid structure” that is used as a dynamic regulatory HSP90 mechanism. Thus, in rar1, lid cycling is locked into a conformation favoring NB-LRR client degradation, likely via SGT1 and the proteasome.
Robust and versatile black-box certification of quantum devices
Creators: name: Yang, Tzyh Haur
name: Vértesi, Tamás
name: Bancal, Jean-Daniel
name: Scarani, Valerio
name: Navascués, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-testing refers to the fact that, in some quantum devices, both states and measurements can be assessed in a black-box scenario, on the sole basis of the observed statistics, i.e. without reference to any prior device calibration. Only a few examples of self-testing are known, and they just provide non-trivial assessment for devices performing unrealistically close to the ideal case. We overcome these difficulties by approaching self-testing with the semi-definite programming hierarchy for the characterization of quantum correlations. This allows us to improve dramatically the robustness of previous self-testing schemes -e.g.: we show that a CHSH violation larger than 2.57 certifies a singlet fidelity of more than 70%. In addition, the versatility of the tool brings about self-testing of hitherto impossible cases, such as robust self-testing of non-maximally entangled two-qutrit states in the CGLMP scenario.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, 1 appendix
The role of Compton heating in radiation-regulated accretion on to black holes
Creators: name: Park, KwangHo
name: Ricotti, Massimo
name: Di Matteo, Tiziana
name: Reynolds, Christopher S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the role of Compton heating in radiation-regulated accretion on to black holes from a neutral dense medium using 1D radiation-hydrodynamic simulations. We focus on the relative effects of Compton-heating and photo-heating as a function of the spectral slope α, assuming a power-law spectrum in the energy range of 13.6 eV--100 keV. While Compton heating is dominant only close to the black hole, it can reduce the accretion rate to 0.1 % ($l \propto \dot{m}^2$ model)--0.01 % ($l \propto \dot{m}$ model) of the Bondi accretion rate when the BH radiation is hard (α ~ 1), where $l$ and $\dot{m}$ are the luminosity and accretion rate normalised by Eddington rates, respectively. The oscillatory behaviour otherwise typically seen in simulations with α > 1, become suppressed when α ~ 1 only for the $l \propto \dot{m}$ model. The relative importance of the Compton heating over photo-heating decreases and the oscillatory behaviour becomes stronger as the spectrum softens. When the spectrum is soft (α > 1.5), photo-heating prevails regardless of models making the effect of Compton heating negligible. On the scale of the ionization front, where the gas supply into the Strömgren sphere from large scale is regulated, photo-heating dominates. Our simulations show consistent results with the advection-dominated accretion flow ($l \propto \dot{m}^2$) where the accretion is inefficient and the spectrum is hard (α ~ 1).
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
SPLUNC1 regulates airway surface liquid volume by protecting ENaC from proteolytic cleavage
Creators: name: Stutts, M. J.
name: Tarran, R.
name: Garcia-Caballero, A.
name: Donaldson, S. H.
name: Rasmussen, J. E.
name: Watson, M. J.
name: Olsen, J. C.
name: Gaillard, E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Many epithelia, including the superficial epithelia of the airways, are thought to secrete “volume sensors,” which regulate the volume of the mucosal lining fluid. The epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) is often the rate limiting factor in fluid absorption, and must be cleaved by extracellular and/or intracellular proteases before it can conduct Na+ and absorb excess mucosal liquid, a process that can be blocked by proteases inhibitors. In the airways, airway surface liquid dilution or removal activates ENaC. Therefore, we hypothesized that endogenous proteases are membrane-anchored, whereas endogenous proteolysis inhibitors are soluble and can function as airway surface liquid volume sensors to inhibit ENaC activity. Using a proteomic approach, we identified short palate, lung, and nasal epithelial clone (SPLUNC)1 as a candidate volume sensor. Recombinant SPLUNC1 inhibited ENaC activity in both human bronchial epithelial cultures and Xenopus oocytes. Knockdown of SPLUNC1 by shRNA resulted in a failure of bronchial epithelial cultures to regulate ENaC activity and airway surface liquid volume, which was restored by adding recombinant SPLUNC1 to the airway surface liquid. Despite being able to inhibit ENaC, recombinant SPLUNC1 had little effect on extracellular serine protease activity. However, SPLUNC1 specifically bound to ENaC, preventing its cleavage and activation by serine proteases. SPLUNC1 is highly expressed in the airways, as well as in colon and kidney. Thus, we propose that SPLUNC1 is secreted onto mucosal surfaces as a soluble volume sensor whose concentration and dilution can regulate ENaC activity and mucosal volumes, including that of airway surface liquid.