cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Small scale star formation as revealed by VVVX galactic cluster candidates
Creators: name: Borissova, J.
name: Kurtev, R.
name: Amarinho, N.
name: Alonso-Garcia, J.
name: Alegria, S. Ramirez
name: Bernal, S.
name: Medina, N.
name: Chene, A. -N.
name: Ivanov, V. D.
name: Lucas, P. W.
name: Minniti, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a search and analysis of obscured cluster candidates in the "VISTA Variables in the Via Lactea eXtended (VVVX)" ESO Public Survey area encompassing the region between 229.4 < l < 295.2 and -4.3 < b < 4.4 of the southern Galactic disk. We discover and propose 88 new clusters. We improve the completeness of the embedded cluster population in this region, adding small size (linear diameters of 0.2-1.4 pc) and relatively far objects (heliocentric distance between 2 and 4 kpc) to existing catalogues. Nine candidates are proposed to be older open cluster candidates. Three of them (VVVX CL204, 207, 208) have sufficient numbers of well-resolved stellar members to allow us to determine some basic cluster parameters. We confirm their nature as older, low-mass open clusters. Photometric analysis of 15 known clusters shows that they have ages above 20Myr, and masses below 2000Msun: in general, their proper motions follow the motion of the disk. We outline some groups of clusters, most probably formed within the same dust complex. Broadly, our candidates follow the network of filamentary structure in the remaining dust. Thus, in this part of the southern disk of the Galaxy, we have found recent star formation, producing small size and young clusters, in addition to the well known, massive young clusters, including NGC3603, Westerlund2 and the Carina Nebula Complex.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Holographic Phase Transitions with Fundamental Matter
Creators: name: Mateos, David
name: Myers, Robert C.
name: Thomson, Rowan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The holographic dual of a finite-temperature gauge theory with a small number of flavours typically contains D-brane probes in a black hole background. At low temperature the branes sit outside the black hole and the meson spectrum is discrete and possesses a mass gap. As the temperature increases the branes approach a critical solution. Eventually they fall into the horizon and a phase transition occurs. In the new phase the meson spectrum is continuous and gapless. At large N and large 't Hooft coupling, this phase transition is always of first order, and in confining theories with heavy quarks it occurs at a temperature higher than the deconfinement temperature for the glue.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, RevTeX4; v2: minor changes, reference added
Superconducting vortex profile from fixed point measurements The Lazy Fisherman tunnelling microscopy method
Creators: name: Kohen, A.
name: Cren, T.
name: Proslier, Th.
name: Noat, Y.
name: Giubileo, F.
name: Bobba, F.
name: Cucolo, A. M.
name: Zhigadlo, W. Sacks D. Roditchev N.
name: Kazakov, S. M.
name: Karpinski, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a mode of operation for studying the vortex phase in superconductors using scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM). While in the conventional STM method, the tip is scanned over a sample in which a fixed vortex pattern is prepared, in our "Lazy Fisherman" method the STM tip is kept fixed at a selected location while the vortices are being moved by varying the applied magnetic field. By continuously acquiring the local tunnelling conductance spectra, dI/dV(V), we detect the changes in the local density of states under the tip due to the vortex motion. With no need for scanning, the method permits one to extend the study of vortices to samples in which scanning is difficult or even impossible due to surface nonuniformity and allows one to study vortex dynamics. Using a statistical analysis of the spectra, we reconstruct the single vortex zero bias conductance profile. We apply the method to the c-axis face of an MgB$_2$ single crystal sample and obtain a vortex profile with a coherence length, xi of 57+-2 nm.
description: The following article has been accepted by APL. After it is published, it will be found at http://apl.aip.org/
Above-room-temperature giant thermal conductivity switching in spintronic multilayer
Creators: name: Nakayama, Hiroyasu
name: Xu, Bin
name: Iwamoto, Sotaro
name: Yamamoto, Kaoru
name: Iguchi, Ryo
name: Miura, Asuka
name: Hirai, Takamasa
name: Miura, Yoshio
name: Sakuraba, Yuya
name: Shiomi, Junichiro
name: Uchida, Ken-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal switching provides an effective way for active heat flow control, which has recently attracted increasing attention in terms of nanoscale thermal management technologies. In magnetic and spintronic materials, the thermal conductivity depends on the magnetization configuration: this is the magneto-thermal resistance effect. Here we show that an epitaxial Cu/Co$_{50}$Fe$_{50}$ multilayer film exhibits giant magnetic-field-induced modulation of the cross-plane thermal conductivity. The magneto-thermal resistance ratio for the Cu/Co$_{50}$Fe$_{50}$ multilayer reaches 150% at room temperature, which is much larger than the previous record high. Although the ratio decreases with increasing the temperature, the giant magneto-thermal resistance effect of ~100% still appears up to 400 K. The magnetic field dependence of the thermal conductivity of the Cu/Co$_{50}$Fe$_{50}$ multilayer was observed to be about twice greater than that of the cross-plane electrical conductivity. The observation of the giant magneto-thermal resistance effect clarifies a potential of spintronic multilayers as thermal switching devices.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures, 5 supplemental figures
On the Computational Power of Molecular Heat Engines
Creators: name: Janzing, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A heat engine is a machine which uses the temperature difference between a hot and a cold reservoir to extract work. Here both reservoirs are quantum systems and a heat engine is described by a unitary transformation which decreases the average energy of the bipartite system. On the molecular scale, the ability of implementing such a unitary heat engine is closely connected to the ability of performing logical operations and classical computing. This is shown by several examples: (1) The most elementary heat engine is a SWAP-gate acting on 1 hot and 1 cold two-level systems with different energy gaps. (2) An optimal unitary heat engine on a pair of 3-level systems can directly implement OR and NOT gates, as well as copy operations. The ability to implement this heat engine on each pair of 3-level systems taken from the hot and the cold ensemble therefore allows universal classical computation. (3) Optimal heat engines operating on one hot and one cold oscillator mode with different frequencies are able to calculate polynomials and roots approximately. (4) An optimal heat engine acting on 1 hot and n cold 2-level systems with different level spacings can even solve the NP-complete problem KNAPSACK. Whereas it is already known that the determination of ground states of interacting many-particle systems is NP-hard, the optimal heat engine is a thermodynamic problem which is NP-hard even for n non-interacting spin systems. This result suggest that there may be complexity-theoretic limitations on the efficiency of molecular heat engines.
description: 21 pages, latex, 10 figures
Additional file 1 of Detoxification of coumarins by rumen anaerobic fungi: insights into microbial degradation pathways and agricultural applications
Creators: name: Li, Yuqi
name: Gao, Jian
name: Cao, Yaxiong
name: Cheng, Xinming
name: Sun, Zhanying
name: Zhang, Jiyu
name: Zhu, Weiyun
name: Gierus, Martin
name: Cheng, Yanfen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1: Fig. S1. Comparisons of gas production and metabolite concentrations from in vitro incubation of enriched rumen fungi and whole rumen microbiota with Melilotus officinalis as the substrate. Fig. S2. Dynamic changes of nutrients during Melilotus officinalis silage fermentation for 60 d. Fig. S3. Dynamic changes of nutrient retention rate and coumarin degradation rate of Melilotus officinalis silage fermented for 60 d. Fig. S4. Dynamic changes of pH value, lactateand NH3-Nconcentrations in Melilotus officinalis silage fermented for 60 d. Fig. S5. Effects of coumarinand glucoseon the biofilm morphology and metabolites of P. ruminantium F1. Fig. S6. Effects of coumarinon the transcripts and metabolic pathways of P. ruminantium F1. Fig. S7. Pathway enrichment analysis of genes from P. ruminantium F1 caused by the addition of 3 mmol/L coumarin at mid-exponential phase of fungal growth.
Sensitivity improvement in hidden photon detection using resonant cavities
Creators: name: Kim, Younggeun
name: Youn, SungWoo
name: Ahn, Danho
name: Jeong, Junu
name: Kim, Dongok
name: Semertzidis, Yannis K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analogous to the light-shining-through-wall setup proposed for axion-like particle searches, a pair of resonant cavities have been considered to search for an extra U(1) massive gauge boson, called a hidden photon, which mediates the interactions in the hidden sector. We propose a new cavity configuration, consisting of a cylindrical emitter surrounded by a hollow cylindrical detector to remarkably improve experimental sensitivity to hidden photon signals in the $μ$eV mass range. An extensive study was conducted to find the optimal cavity geometry and resonant mode, which yields the best performance. In addition, a feasible application of superconducting RF technology was explored. We found the integration of these potential improvements will enhance the sensitivity to the effective kinetic mixing parameter between the hidden photon and the Standard Model photon by multiple orders of magnitude.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Non-LTE modelling of the HeI 10830A line in early-type main sequence stars
Creators: name: Przybilla, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The near-IR HeI 10830A transition is a highly sensitive diagnostic for non-LTE effects in the helium atom. So far, non-LTE line-formation computations have failed to quantitatively reproduce observations of this line in the entire range of early-A to late-O main sequence stars. It is shown that the non-LTE modelling was insufficient, for the most part either because of inaccurate photoionization cross-sections for the 2s 3S state or the neglect of line blocking. New calculations based on state-of-the-art atomic data give excellent agreement with observation for the HeI 10830 A feature, while profiles of the HeI lines in the visual are retained.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures; accepted for publication in A&A
Attractor Explosions and Catalyzed Vacuum Decay
Creators: name: Green, Daniel
name: Silverstein, Eva
name: Starr, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a mechanism for catalyzed vacuum bubble production obtained by combining moduli stabilization with a generalized attractor phenomenon in which moduli are sourced by compact objects. This leads straightforwardly to a class of examples in which the Hawking decay process for black holes unveils a bubble of a different vacuum from the ambient one, generalizing the new endpoint for Hawking evaporation discovered recently by Horowitz. Catalyzed vacuum bubble production can occur for both charged and uncharged bodies, including Schwarzschild black holes for which massive particles produced in the Hawking process can trigger vacuum decay. We briefly discuss applications of this process to the population and stability of metastable vacua.
description: 26 pages harvmac big; 2 figures
Semi-Abelian gauge theories, non-invertible symmetries, and string tensions beyond $N$-ality
Creators: name: Nguyen, Mendel
name: Tanizaki, Yuya
name: Ünsal, Mithat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a 3d lattice gauge theory with gauge group $\mathrm{U}(1)^{N-1}\rtimes \mathrm{S}_N$, which is obtained by gauging the $\mathrm{S}_N$ global symmetry of a pure $\mathrm{U}(1)^{N-1}$ gauge theory, and we call it the semi-Abelian gauge theory. We compute mass gaps and string tensions for both theories using the monopole-gas description. We find that the effective potential receives equal contributions at leading order from monopoles associated with the entire $\mathrm{SU}(N)$ root system. Even though the center symmetry of the semi-Abelian gauge theory is given by $\mathbb{Z}_N$, we observe that the string tensions do not obey the $N$-ality rule and carry more detailed information on the representations of the gauge group. We find that this refinement is due to the presence of non-invertible topological lines as a remnant of $\mathrm{U}(1)^{N-1}$ one-form symmetry in the original Abelian lattice theory. Upon adding charged particles corresponding to $W$-bosons, such non-invertible symmetries are explicitly broken so that the $N$-ality rule should emerge in the deep infrared regime.
description: 31 pages, 2 figures. V2: typos corrected, discussions clarified. V3: minor changes
Relativistic models for quasi-elastic neutrino scattering
Creators: name: Martinez, M. C.
name: Lava, P.
name: Jachowicz, N.
name: Ryckebusch, J.
name: Vantournhout, K.
name: Udias, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present quasi-elastic neutrino-nucleus cross sections in the energy range from 150 MeV up to 5 GeV for the target nuclei 12C and 56Fe. A relativistic description of the nuclear dynamics and the neutrino-nucleus coupling is adopted. For the treatment of final-state interactions (FSI) we rely on two frameworks succesfully applied to exclusive electron-nucleus scattering: a relativistic optical potential and a relativistic multiple-scattering Glauber approximation. At lower energies, the optical-potential approach is considered to be the optimum choice, whereas at high energies a Glauber approach is more natural. Comparing the results of both calculations, it is found that the Glauber approach yields valid results down to the remarkably small nucleon kinetic energies of 200 MeV. We argue that the nuclear transparencies extracted from A(e,e'p) measurements can be used to obtain realistic estimates of the effect of FSI mechanisms on quasi-elastic neutrino-nucleus cross sections. We present two independent relativistic plane-wave impulse approximation (RPWIA) calculations of quasi-elastic neutrino-nucleus cross sections. They agree at the percent level, showing the reliability of the numerical techniques adopted and providing benchmark RPWIA results.
description: revised version,28 pages, 7 figures, accepted in Phys.Rev.C
Geißel, Ludwig: Unterhändler der Menschlichkeit
Creators: name: Heidingsfeld, Uwe-Peter
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 42 Nr. 2 (1993): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 42, Heft 2
Development of a new automatic incident detection system for freeways using a bi-classifier approach
Creators: name: Razavi, Abdolmehdi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: As high as 60 to 70% of the traffic delay experienced by motorists in North America is attributed to traffic incidents. Much of this delay is caused by vehicle accidents, vehicle stalls, and other obstructions. A substantial reduction in delay can be achieved by early detection of the incidents that cause it and a prompt response to divert the traffic in the upstream flow. Since the late 60s, Automatic Incident Detection (AID) systems have been developed and implemented to help traffic management authorities. However, high false alarm rates and/or poor performance of the adopted AID systems have caused some authorities to abandon them. The research presented in this thesis discusses the development and assessment of a new AID system. Often after the occurrence of an incident, its "news" travels upstream and downstream through the traffic by means of two waves. Because of some practical difficulties, the information carried by the wave traveling downstream is overlooked by most researchers in this area. In this thesis, it is proposed that through an effective use of the information carried by this wave, it is possible to significantly improve the performance of an AID system. The proposed UBC AID system exploits the information carried by each wave independently and overcomes many of the practical difficulties by adopting a new and unique architecture. The designed architecture not only demonstrates a better performance but also has the ability to maintain the performance over a wide range of operating conditions. Geometric and operational data from a stretch of the Trans-Canada Highway was used to develop a simulation model. This provided a very large set of simulated data under both incident and incident-free situations. Furthermore, it provided an opportunity to examine the performance and robustness of the AID systems over a wide range of geometric and operational conditions. The comparison of the UBC AID method with two other existing and "in-use" systems showed that it is possible to reduce the detection time by about 40% while staying within the desired range of false alarm rates. It was also possible to increase the number of incidents detected within the first few minutes after their occurrence by as much as 2-3 fold.
On a fusion chain reaction via suprathermal ions in high-density H-$^{11}$B plasma
Creators: name: Belloni, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $^{11}$B$(p,α)2α$ fusion reaction is particularly attractive for energy production purposes because of its aneutronic character and the absence of radioactive species among reactants and products. Its exploitation in the thermonuclear regime, however, appears to be prohibitive due to the low reactivity of the $^{11}$B fuel at temperatures up to 100 keV. A fusion chain sustained by elastic collisions between the alpha particles and fuel ions, this way scattered to suprathermal energies, has been proposed as a possible route to overcome this limitation. Based on a simple model, this work investigates the reproduction process in an infinite, non-degenerate $^{11}$B plasma, in a wide range of densities and temperatures which are of interest for laser-driven experiments ($10^{24} \lesssim n_e \lesssim 10^{28} {\rm cm}^{-3}$, $T_e \lesssim 100$ keV, $T_i \sim$ 1 keV). In particular, cross section data for the $α$-$p$ scattering which include the nuclear interaction have been used. The multiplication factor, $k_\infty$, increases markedly with electron temperature and less significantly with plasma density. However, even at the highest temperature and density considered, and despite a more than twofold increase by the inclusion of the nuclear scattering, $k_\infty$ turns out to be of the order of $10^{-2}$ only. In general, values of $k_\infty$ very close to 1 are needed in a confined scheme to enhance the suprathermal-to-thermonuclear energy yield by factors of up to $10^3$-$10^4$.
Simpfendörfer, Werner: Frauen im ökumenischen Aufbruch
Creators: name: Neuendorff, Irene
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 42 Nr. 2 (1993): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 42, Heft 2
Robust Multimodal Learning from Language, Visual and Acoustic Modalities
Creators: name: Bagher Zadeh, Amirali
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 460208
subject: Natural language processing
classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences

description: As we build new AI technologies that are able to interact with the real world around them, the problem of learning from multiple modalities takes a center stage. From applications such as healthcare to education to communication, increasing reliance on multiple modalities has proven to be a unique factor in more accurate perception and processing the world around us. In this thesis, we focus on the problem of learning multimodal representations in the real-world. We outline three main challenges in multimodal machine learning and take concrete steps to approach them. First, we tackle the challenge of local fusion where the focus is on learning the cross-modal dynamics including unimodal, bimodal and trimodal interactions between the modalities of language, vision and acoustic (the three most commonly present modalities around us). Subsequently, we leap towards temporal fusion, in which the local fusion challenges extend to a temporal domain. Temporal fusion requires alignment between modalities, which is as vital as learning cross-modal dynamics. Subsequently, the third challenge deals with the fact that multimodal data is almost always partially observable in the real-world. We extend the capabilities of the Variational Inference (VI) to deal with even the most extreme cases of missing rates and missing patterns. Throughout addressing these challenges, which are studied in depth in this thesis, we make algorithmic, theoretical and empirical contributions to multimodal machine learning.
"Natural" and "symbolic" energy of mountains
Creators: name: Haak, Dino Gilbert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: All over the world, mountains are considered to be extraordinary places. Why is this? In this thesis I will examine the proposition that mountains are extraordinary places because they display levels of 'natural energy' which are different from the levels of 'natural energy' found in lowlands and other landscape features. This high level of natural energy has been recognized by many people and is evident in the myths, lore, and belief systems of cultures around the world. Many mountains have been regarded as sacred as a result of observations of increased levels of 'natural' energy in a particular mountain landscape; all sacred mountains have 'symbolic energy' as well as 'natural energy'.
New insights into ultraluminous X-ray sources from deep XMM-Newton observations
Creators: name: Roberts, T. P.
name: Stobbart, A. -M.
name: Goad, M. R.
name: Warwick, R. S.
name: Wilms, J.
name: Uttley, P.
name: Reeves, J. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The controversy over whether ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) contain a new intermediate-mass class of black holes (IMBHs) remains unresolved. We present new analyses of the deepest XMM-Newton observations of ULXs that address their underlying nature. We examine both empirical and physical modelling of the X-ray spectra of a sample of thirteen of the highest quality ULX datasets, and find that there are anomalies in modelling ULXs as accreting IMBHs with properties simply scaled-up from Galactic black holes. Most notably, spectral curvature above 2 keV in several sources implies the presence of an optically-thick, cool corona. We also present a new analysis of a 100 ks observation of Holmberg II X-1, in which a rigorous analysis of the temporal data limits the mass of its black hole to no more than 100 solar masses. We argue that a combination of these results points towards many (though not necessarily all) ULXs containing black holes that are at most a few 10s of solar mass in size.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the proceedings of "The X-ray Universe 2005", San Lorenzo de El Escorial (Spain), 26-30 September 2005
Post-Swift Gamma-ray Burst Science and Capabilities Needed to EXIST
Creators: name: Grindlay, Jonathan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exhilerating results from Swift in its first year of operations have opened a new era of exploration of the high energy universe. The surge to higher redshifts of the Gamma-ray bursts now imaged with increased sensitivity establishes them as viable cosmic probes of the early universe. Wide-field coded aperture imaging with solid-state pixel detectors (Cd-Zn-Te) has been also established as the optimum approach for GRB discovery and location as well as to conduct sensitive full-sky hard X-ray sky surveys. I outline the current and future major science questions likely to dominate the post-Swift era for GRBs and several related disciplines and the mission requirements to tackle these. The EXIST mission, under study for NASA's Black Hole Finder Probe (BHFP) in the Beyond Einstein Program, could achieve these objectives as the Next Generation GRB Mission with `ultimate' sensitivity and wide-field survey capability. Analysis tools for processing Swift/BAT slew data are under development at CfA and will both test EXIST scanning imaging and provide new data on GRBs and transients.
description: Invited review to appear in the Proceedings of the 16th Annual October Astrophysics Conference in Maryland, "Gamma Ray Bursts in the Swift Era", eds. S. Holt, N. Gehrels and J. Nousek; 11 pages, 5 figures
The Political Elite of the GDR from 1949 to 1990
Creators: name: Strobel, Bastian
name: Scholz-Paulus, Simon
name: Vedder, Stefanie
name: Veit, Sylvia
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Public Administration
subject: History
subject: political elite
subject: GDR
subject: East Germany
subject: Minister
subject: Career Patterns
subject: Cadre Administration
subject: 350
subject: 900
subject: Politische Elite
subject: Deutschland (DDR)
subject: Minister
subject: Karriere
subject: Kader
subject: Geschichte 1949-1990

description: Funded by: Federal Commissioner for Culture and the Media
Numerical modeling of elastic waves across imperfect contacts
Creators: name: Lombard, Bruno
name: Piraux, Joël
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A numerical method is described for studying how elastic waves interact with imperfect contacts such as fractures or glue layers existing between elastic solids. These contacts have been classicaly modeled by interfaces, using a simple rheological model consisting of a combination of normal and tangential linear springs and masses. The jump conditions satisfied by the elastic fields along the interfaces are called the "spring-mass conditions". By tuning the stiffness and mass values, it is possible to model various degrees of contact, from perfect bonding to stress-free surfaces. The conservation laws satisfied outside the interfaces are integrated using classical finite-difference schemes. The key problem arising here is how to discretize the spring-mass conditions, and how to insert them into a finite-difference scheme: this was the aim of the present paper. For this purpose, we adapted an interface method previously developed for use with perfect contacts [J. Comput. Phys. 195 (2004) 90-116]. This numerical method also describes closely the geometry of arbitrarily-shaped interfaces on a uniform Cartesian grid, at negligible extra computational cost. Comparisons with original analytical solutions show the efficiency of this approach.
description: to be published in SIAM Journal of Scientific Computing (2006)
Research in Global Software Engineering: A Systematic Snapshot
Creators: name: Raza, Bilal
name: MacDonell, Stephen G.
name: Clear, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper reports our extended analysis of the recent literature addressing global software engineering (GSE), using a new Systematic Snapshot Mapping (SSM) technique. The primary purpose of this work is to understand what issues are being addressed and how research is being carried out in GSE -- and comparatively, what work is not being conducted. We carried out the analysis in two stages. In the first stage we analyzed 275 papers published between January 2011 and June 2012, and in the second stage we augmented our analysis by considering a further 26 papers (from the 2013 International Conference on Global Software Engineering (ICGSE'13). Our results reveal that, currently, GSE studies are focused on management- and infrastructure-related factors, using principally evaluative research approaches. Most of the studies are conducted at the organizational level, mainly using methods such as interviews, surveys, field studies and case studies. The USA, India and China are major players in GSE, with USA-India collaborations being the most frequently studied, followed by USA-China. While a considerable number of GSE-related studies have been published since January 2011 they are currently quite narrowly focused, on exploratory research and explanatory theories, and the critical research paradigm has been untouched. An absence of formulative research, experimentation and simulation, and a related focus on evaluative approaches, all suggest that existing tools, methods and approaches from related fields are being tested in the GSE context, even though these may not be inherently applicable to the additional scale and complexity of GSE.
description: Book Chapter, 8 Pages, 6 figures, 6 tables. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2012.10839
Effect of wavelength dependence of nonlinearity, gain, and dispersion in photonic crystal fiber amplifiers
Creators: name: Huttunen, A.
name: Torma, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photonic crystal fibers are used in fiber amplifiers and lasers because of the flexibility in the design of mode area and dispersion. However, these quantities depend strongly on the wavelength. The wavelength dependence of gain, nonlinearity and dispersion are investigated here by including the wavelength dependence explicitly in the nonlinear Schrödinger equation for photonic crystal fibers with varying periods and hole sizes. The effect of the wavelength dependence of each parameter is studied separately as well as combined. The wavelength dependence of the parameters is shown to create asymmetry to the spectrum and chirp, but to have a moderating effect on pulse broadening. The effect of including the wavelength dependence of nonlinearity in the simulations is demonstrated to be the most significant compared that of dispersion or gain.
Looking for Leptonic CP Violation with Neutrinos
Creators: name: Minakata, Hisakazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss some theoretical aspects of how to observe leptonic CP violation. It is divided into two parts, one for CP violation due to Majorana, and the other more conventional leptonic Kobayashi-Maskawa (KM) phases. In the first part, I estimate the effect of Majorana phase to observable of neutrinoless double beta decay experiments by paying a careful attention to the definition of the atmospheric scale Delta m^2. In the second part, I discuss Tokai-to-Kamioka-Korea two detector complex which receives neutrino superbeam from J-PARC as a concrete setting for discovering CP violation due to the KM phase, as well as resolving mass hierarchy and the theta_{23} octant degeneracy. A cautionary remark is also given on comparison between various projects aiming at exploring CP violation and the mass hierarchy.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, Slightly expanded written version of the invited talk presented at XXX Mazurian Lakes Conference on Physics, Piaski, Poland, September 2-9, 2007. To be published in Acta Physica Polonica B
title: The Political-Administrative Elite of the FRG from 1949 to 2017
Creators: name: Strobel, Bastian
name: Scholz-Paulus, Simon
name: Vedder, Stefanie
name: Veit, Sylvia
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: political elite
subject: administrative elite
subject: top civil servants
subject: ministerial bureaucracy
subject: National Socialism
subject: civil service
subject: minister
subject: politicization
subject: Germany
subject: descriptive representation
subject: 350
subject: Politische Elite
subject: Verwaltung
subject: Nationalsozialismus
subject: Minister
subject: Beamter
subject: Politisierung
subject: Deutschland (Bundesrepublik)

description: Funded by: Federal Commissioner for Culture and the Media
First-principles investigation of magnetic and transport properties in hole-doped shandite compounds Co$_3$In$_x$Sn$_{2-x}$S$_2$
Creators: name: Yanagi, Yuki
name: Ikeda, Junya
name: Fujiwara, Kohei
name: Nomura, Kentaro
name: Tsukazaki, Atsushi
name: Suzuki, Michi-To
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Co-based shandite Co$_3$Sn$_2$S$_2$ is a representative example of magnetic Weyl semimetals showing rich transport phenomena. We thoroughly investigate magnetic and transport properties of hole-doped shandites Co$_3$In$_x$Sn$_{2-x}$S$_2$ by first-principles calculations. The calculations reproduce nonlinear reduction of anomalous Hall conductivity with doping In for Co$_3$Sn$_2$S$_2$, as reported in experiments, against the linearly decreased ferromagnetic moment within virtual crystal approximation. We show that a drastic change in the band parity character of Fermi surfaces, attributed to the nodal rings lifted energetically with In-doping, leads to strong enhancement of anomalous Nernst conductivity with reversing its sign in Co$_3$In$_x$Sn$_{2-x}$S$_2$.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Disklike Structure in the Semiregular Pulsating Star X Her
Creators: name: Nakashima, Jun-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The author presents the results of Berkeley-Illinois-Maryland (BIMA) array interferometric observations in the CO J=1-0 line toward X Her and EP Aqr, the semiregular pulsating stars with a composite CO line profile, and also reports finding of a disklike structure in X Her. In the CO spectrum both of X Her and EP Aqr, a composite profile including narrow and broad components is seen as reported by the previous single-dish observations. The spatial structure of the broad component region of X Her shows a bipolar shape, and that of the narrow component shows an elliptical/spherical shape. The blue- and red-shifted parts of the X Her narrow component show a systematic difference in the velocity integrated intensity map. The spatio-kinetic properties of the X Her narrow component are reminiscent of a Keplerian rotating disk with a central mass of 0.9 Msun. The spatial distributions of both the narrow and the broad components of EP Aqr appear to be roughly round with the same peak positions; no significant velocity gradient is seen. The spatio-kinetic properties of EP Aqr are reminiscent of a multiple-shell structure model rather than of a bipolar flow and disk model.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure, LaTeX, To be published in the Proceedings of the IAU Symposium 234: Planetary Nebulae in Our Galaxy and Beyond, ed. M. J. Barlow, R. H. Mendez
UNIT: Unifying Tensorized Instruction Compilation
Creators: name: Weng, Jian
name: Jain, Animesh
name: Wang, Jie
name: Wang, Leyuan
name: Wang, Yida
name: Nowatzki, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Because of the increasing demand for computation in DNN, researchers develope both hardware and software mechanisms to reduce the compute and memory burden. A widely adopted approach is to use mixed precision data types. However, it is hard to leverage mixed precision without hardware support because of the overhead of data casting. Hardware vendors offer tensorized instructions for mixed-precision tensor operations, like Intel VNNI, Tensor Core, and ARM-DOT. These instructions involve a computing idiom that reduces multiple low precision elements into one high precision element. The lack of compilation techniques for this makes it hard to utilize these instructions: Using vendor-provided libraries for computationally-intensive kernels is inflexible and prevents further optimizations, and manually writing hardware intrinsics is error-prone and difficult for programmers. Some prior works address this problem by creating compilers for each instruction. This requires excessive effort when it comes to many tensorized instructions. In this work, we develop a compiler framework to unify the compilation for these instructions -- a unified semantics abstraction eases the integration of new instructions, and reuses the analysis and transformations. Tensorized instructions from different platforms can be compiled via UNIT with moderate effort for favorable performance. Given a tensorized instruction and a tensor operation, UNIT automatically detects the applicability, transforms the loop organization of the operation,and rewrites the loop body to leverage the tensorized instruction. According to our evaluation, UNIT can target various mainstream hardware platforms. The generated end-to-end inference model achieves 1.3x speedup over Intel oneDNN on an x86 CPU, 1.75x speedup over Nvidia cuDNN on an NvidiaGPU, and 1.13x speedup over a carefully tuned TVM solution for ARM DOT on an ARM CPU.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures, and 1 table
New Optically Identified Supernova Remnants in the Large Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Yew, Miranda
name: Filipović, Miroslav D.
name: Stupar, Milorad
name: Points, Sean D.
name: Sasaki, Manami
name: Maggi, Pierre
name: Haberl, Frank
name: Kavanagh, Patrick J.
name: Parker, Quentin A.
name: Crawford, Evan J.
name: Vukotić, Branislav
name: Urošević, Dejan
name: Sano, Hidetoshi
name: Seitenzahl, Ivo R.
name: Rowell, Gavin
name: Leahy, Denis
name: Bozzetto, Luke M.
name: Maitra, Chandreyee
name: Leverenz, Howard
name: Payne, Jeffrey L.
name: Park, Laurence A. F.
name: Alsaberi, Rami Z. E.
name: Pannuti, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new optical sample of three Supernova Remnants and 16 Supernova Remnant (SNR) candidates in the Large Magellanic Cloud(LMC). These objects were originally selected using deep H$α$, [SII] and [OIII] narrow-band imaging. Most of the newly found objects are located in less dense regions, near or around the edges of the LMC's main body. Together with previously suggested MCSNR J0541-6659, we confirm the SNR nature for two additional new objects: MCSNR J0522-6740 and MCSNRJ0542-7104. Spectroscopic follow-up observations for 12 of the LMC objects confirm high [SII]/H$α$ a emission-line ratios ranging from 0.5 to 1.1. We consider the candidate J0509-6402 to be a special example of the remnant of a possible Type Ia Supernova which is situated some 2$^\circ$ ($\sim 1.75$kpc) north from the main body of the LMC. We also find that the SNR candidates in our sample are significantly larger in size than the currently known LMC SNRs by a factor of $\sim 2$. This could potentially imply that we are discovering a previously unknown but predicted, older class of large LMC SNRs that are only visible optically. Finally, we suggest that most of these LMC SNRs are residing in a very rarefied environment towards the end of their evolutionary span where they become less visible to radio and X-ray telescopes.
description: 24 pages, 25 figures, to appear in MNRAS
Медико-психологічні аспекти реабілітації і абілітації в епоху турбулентності
Creators: name: Панченко Олег і інші
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Збірник, виданий за результатами роботи XVI науково-практичної конференції з міжнародною участю «Медико-психологічні аспекти реабілітації і абілітації в епоху турбулентності», що відбулась 21 жовтня 2021 року на базі ДЗ «Науково-практичний медичний реабілітаційно-діагностичний центр МОЗ України» (Україна, Донецька область, м. Костянтинівка) та внесена до державного реєстру з’їздів, конгресів, симпозіумів та науково-практичних конференцій Українського центру наукової медичної інформації та патентно-ліцензійної роботи (УкрІНТЕІ) № 344 від 24.12.2020 року, охоплює широкий спектр новітніх досліджень у наступних напрямах: медикосоціальні проблеми здоров’я людини; публічне управління системи надання медико-психологічної реабілітаційної та абілітаційної допомоги; біомедичні технології та інженерні рішення в медичній практиці; інформаційна безпека особистості в умовах турбулентності; об’єктивізація стану пацієнта: діагностика, лікування, реабілітація; мультидисциплінарний підхід і перспективи розвитку нейрореабілітації; роль медсестринства в реабілітаційному процесі; сучасні алгоритми соціально-психологічної та психотерапевтичної допомоги; новітні тенденції психіатричної допомоги населенню; фактори і потреби розвитку абілітаційного напрямку в медицині; освітньо-інформаційні технології професійної підготовки лікарів, психологів, фахівців із реабілітації. Видання призначене для широкого кола науковців та практиків за викладеною тематикою, менеджерів, законодавців, організаторів охорони здоров’я, спеціалістів у сфері медичних інформаційних технологій та інформаційної безпеки, викладачів і студентів.
Top Physics at ATLAS
Creators: name: Barisonzi, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Large Hadron Collider LHC is a top quark factory: due to its high design luminosity, LHC will produce about 200 millions of top quarks per year of operation. The large amount of data will allow to study with great precision the properties of the top quark, most notably cross-section, mass and spin. The Top Physics Working Group has been set up at the ATLAS experiment, to evaluate the precision reach of physics measurements in the top sector, and to study the systematic effects of the ATLAS detector on such measurements. This reports give an overview of the main activities of the ATLAS Top Physics Working Group in 2004.
description: presented at IFAE - Incontri di Fisica delle Alte Energie - Catania 2005
Die Krise in Libyen, die libysche Muslimbruderschaftund die internationalen Implikationen (Stand: September 2014)
Creators: name: Lübben, Ivesa; Reichinnek, Heidi
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Politik
subject: Muslimbruderschaft , Libyen
subject: Islamismus

description: Die blutigen und desaströsen Kämpfe
      um den Flughafen in Tripolis zwischen verschiedenen
      regierungsgestützten Zintan-Milizen und oppositionellen, von
      islamistischen Kräften unterstützten Misrata-Milizen sind nur
      eines von vielen Indizien dafür, dass es seit dem Sturz des
      Gaddafi-Regimes keiner der libyschen Regierungen gelungen
      ist, die großen Probleme des Landes zu lösen: die Auflösung
      der Milizen und den Aufbau von zentralen
      Sicherheitsstrukturen, die Einleitung eines inklusiven
      politischen Prozesses und die Herstellung von
      Staatsstrukturen, einschließlich der Etablierung eines
      staatlichen Gewaltmonopols. Die Polarisierung im Land zeigt
      sich in der faktischen Herausbildung einer politischen
      Doppelmacht: Im ostlibyschen Tobruk tagt seit Anfang August
      das am 25. Juni 2014 gewählte und von der internationalen
      Staatengemeinschaft anerkannte House of Representatives
      (HoR). Während das HoR am 1. September erneut den
      zurückgetretenen Ministerpräsidenten Abdallah al-Thinni mit
      der Regierungsbildung beauftragt hat, weigert sich der
      General National Council (GNC), dessen Amtszeit mit den
      Neuwahlen auslief, die Macht an das HoR zu übergeben.
      Begründet wird dies – zumindest offiziell – mit
      Verfahrensfehlern. Die tatsächlichen Gründe für das
      Misstrauen gegenüber dem HoR liegen jedoch darin, dass der
      GNC das Parlament in Tobruk beschuldigt, mit dem Verbot aller
      Milizen den versuchten Putsch General Haftars nachträglich zu
      legitimieren, von Tobruk aus die Bombardierung Bengasis und
      Tripolis angeordnet zu haben und ausländische militärische
      Unterstützung einzufordern. Inzwischen hat der GNC in
      Tripolis Omar al-Hassi damit beauftragt, eine ‚Regierung der
      Nationalen Einheit‘ als Gegengewicht zur Thinni-Regierung in
      Tobruk zu bilden.
Pareto's 80/20 Rule and the Gaussian Distribution
Creators: name: Tanabe, Katsuaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The statistical state for the empirical Pareto's 80/20 rule has been found to correspond to a normal or Gaussian distribution with a standard deviation that is twice the mean. This finding represents large characteristic variations in our society and nature. In this distribution, the rule can be also referred to as, for example, the 25/5, 45/10, 60/15, or 90/25 rule. In addition, our result suggests the existence of implicit negative contributors.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
A Model for Software Contexts
Creators: name: Kirk, Diana
name: MacDonell, Stephen G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It is widely acknowledged by researchers and practitioners that software development methodologies are generally adapted to suit specific project contexts. Research into practices-as-implemented has been fragmented and has tended to focus either on the strength of adherence to a specific methodology or on how the efficacy of specific practices is affected by contextual factors. We submit the need for a more holistic, integrated approach to investigating context-related best practice. We propose a six-dimensional model of the problem-space, with dimensions organisational drivers (why), space and time (where), culture (who), product life-cycle stage (when), product constraints (what) and engagement constraints (how). We test our model by using it to describe and explain a reported implementation study. Our contributions are a novel approach to understanding situated software practices and a preliminary model for software contexts.
description: Conference, 7 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Genetic landscape of uveal melanoma in Southeast Asia: high 1q gains and unique patterns of metastasis risk
Creators: name: Chen, Chuanfei
name: Wang, Mona Meng
name: Lim, Alvin Soon Tiong
name: Heng, Evelyn Yee Hsieh
name: Tien, Sim Leng
name: Shen, Sunny Yu
name: Tan, Gavin Siew Wei
name: Chan, Jason Yongsheng
name: Chan, Anita Sook Yee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1.