cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Strongyloides Grassi
Creators: name: Panti-May, Jesús Alonso
name: Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin
name: Canche-Pool, Elsy
name: Tello-Martín, Raúl
name: Ruiz-Piña, Hugo
name: Concha-Guillermo, Henry
name: Guiascón, Oscar Retana-
name: Vega, Pedro Pablo Martínez
name: Chablé-Santos, Juan
name: Martínez, Erendira Estrella-
name: Moguel-Chin, Wilson Isaias
name: Hernández-Orts, Jesús S.
name: Hernández-Mena, David I.
name: Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit
name: García-Prieto, Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Rhabditida
Strongyloididae
Strongyloides

description: Strongyloides sp.
Site of infection: Small intestine.
Host species: Philander vossi.
Locality: Chetumal (Quintana Roo).
Prevalence: 100% (1/1).
Intensity: 5.
Specimen deposited: CNHE 12883.
Comments: The specimens consist of five females with general morphology of the genus Strongyloides (dos Santos et al. 2010). The anterior end was truncated and presented stoma; however, details of this structure could not be observed due to poor preservation. Absence of cephalic vesicle and caudal spines. Slender nematodes, gradually tapering anteriorly from the region of the esophagus (Figure 4E); tapering more so posteriorly from region of anus (Figure 4F). Bucal capsule and synlophe absent. Body length 2,600 ‒3,480 and body width 30‒40. Didelphic females (Figure 4G). Vulva no prominent, 1,170 ‒1,230 from the posterior end. Anus opens 40‒50 from tip of tail (Figure 4F). Eggs ovoid, 48‒62 long by 25‒38 wide. The morphological similarity among species of Strongyloides has frustrated taxonomic work on the genus (Viney et al. 1991). While features of the parasitic female such as the shape of the stoma, the type of ovary, the shape of the tail, and the number of lobes on the circumoral elevation have been useful to differentiate many species of the Strongyloides, other species cannot be separated (Speare 1989). On the other hand, features of free-living males such as the shape of spicules and gubernaculum, arrangement of caudal papillae are important criteria for separating some species (Viney et al. 1991). Considering the present morphological data, the specimens were designed as Strongyloides sp. until more morphological and molecular evidence is generated.
This is the first record of Strongyloides from P. vossi in Mexico.
description: Published as part of Panti-May, Jesús Alonso, Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Canche-Pool, Elsy, Tello-Martín, Raúl, Ruiz-Piña, Hugo, Concha-Guillermo, Henry, Guiascón, Oscar Retana-, Vega, Pedro Pablo Martínez, Chablé-Santos, Juan, Martínez, Erendira Estrella-, Moguel-Chin, Wilson Isaias, Hernández-Orts, Jesús S., Hernández-Mena, David I., Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit & García-Prieto, Luis, 2024, Morphological and molecular data on helminths of Didelphis virginiana and Philander vossi (Mammalia: Didelphidae) from the Yucatán Peninsula, southeast Mexico, pp. 1-24 in Zootaxa 5463 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5463.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/11609981
Turgida turgida
Creators: name: Panti-May, Jesús Alonso
name: Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin
name: Canche-Pool, Elsy
name: Tello-Martín, Raúl
name: Ruiz-Piña, Hugo
name: Concha-Guillermo, Henry
name: Guiascón, Oscar Retana-
name: Vega, Pedro Pablo Martínez
name: Chablé-Santos, Juan
name: Martínez, Erendira Estrella-
name: Moguel-Chin, Wilson Isaias
name: Hernández-Orts, Jesús S.
name: Hernández-Mena, David I.
name: Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit
name: García-Prieto, Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Rhabditida
Physalopteridae
Turgida
Turgida turgida

description: Turgida turgida (Rudolphi)
Sites of infection: Esophagus and stomach.
Host species: Didelphis virginiana.
Localities: Umán, Mérida (Yucatán), Campeche, and Chencoh (Campeche).
Prevalence: 100% (6/6).
Mean intensity: 14.8 (range 2‒33).
Specimens deposited: CNHE 12884‒12887.
GenBank accession numbers: PP662463‒PP662465.
Comments: The specimens conformed to the descriptions of T. turgida by Gray & Anderson (1982) and Matey et al. (2001). The nematodes with oral opening surrounded laterally by two symmetrical, semidomed pseudolabia; each pseudolabia composed of a single external tooth, a single tripartite tooth, an amphid, two papillae, and two spongelike areas (Figure 5A). Ventral surface of the male tail with 21 caudal papillae (three precloacal papillae, four pairs of externolateral papillae associated with the caudal alae, five pairs of postcloacal papillae, the first and second pairs are located directly behind the cloaca in a transverse row) and two phasmids (Figure 5B). Male body length 13,240 ‒38,095. Spicules unequal in length, right 242‒330 long, left 280‒380. Female body length 21,030‒27805. Females with nine uterine branches (Figure 5C). Eggs ovoid 42‒50 by 20‒22 wide.
Turgida turgida has been widely reported from D. marsupialis, D. virginiana and P. vossi in Mexico, including the states of Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Guanajuato, Guerrero, Hidalgo, Jalisco, Michoacán, Mexico City, Mexico State, Morelos, Nayarit, Nuevo León, Oaxaca, Puebla, Tabasco, Veracruz, and Zacatecas (see García-Prieto et al. 2012; Acosta-Virgen et al. 2015; Ramírez-Cañas et al. 2019; García-Valle et al. 2023). This is the first record of T. turgida in Yucatán.
description: Published as part of Panti-May, Jesús Alonso, Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Canche-Pool, Elsy, Tello-Martín, Raúl, Ruiz-Piña, Hugo, Concha-Guillermo, Henry, Guiascón, Oscar Retana-, Vega, Pedro Pablo Martínez, Chablé-Santos, Juan, Martínez, Erendira Estrella-, Moguel-Chin, Wilson Isaias, Hernández-Orts, Jesús S., Hernández-Mena, David I., Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit & García-Prieto, Luis, 2024, Morphological and molecular data on helminths of Didelphis virginiana and Philander vossi (Mammalia: Didelphidae) from the Yucatán Peninsula, southeast Mexico, pp. 1-24 in Zootaxa 5463 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5463.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/11609981
Trichuris minuta Rudolphi
Creators: name: Panti-May, Jesús Alonso
name: Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin
name: Canche-Pool, Elsy
name: Tello-Martín, Raúl
name: Ruiz-Piña, Hugo
name: Concha-Guillermo, Henry
name: Guiascón, Oscar Retana-
name: Vega, Pedro Pablo Martínez
name: Chablé-Santos, Juan
name: Martínez, Erendira Estrella-
name: Moguel-Chin, Wilson Isaias
name: Hernández-Orts, Jesús S.
name: Hernández-Mena, David I.
name: Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit
name: García-Prieto, Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Enoplea
Trichinellida
Trichuridae
Trichuris
Trichuris minuta

description: Trichuris minuta Rudolphi
Site of infection: Caecum.
Host species: Didelphis virginiana.
Localities: Mérida (Yucatán), Campeche and Chencoh (Campeche).
Prevalence: 83.3% (5/6).
Mean intensity: 23.3 (range 1‒83).
Specimens deposited: CNHE 12888‒12890.
GenBank accession numbers: PP662466, PP662467.
Comments: The specimens examined have characteristics of T. minuta described by Babero (1960) from D. virginiana in the USA. Anterior part of body long, narrow, tapered, and whip-like; posterior part of body broad, and handle-like. Male 14,150 – 22,740 in body length. Males with spicular tube. Proximal cloacal tube (800‒1,310 long) united laterally to a distal cloacal tube (412– 855 long). Spicule (920‒1,080 long) covered in its distal portion with a cylindrical and spiny sheath (Figure 6A). Female body length 15,810 –18,300. Female with non-protrusive vulva. Eggs oval, with bipolar plugs, 62–80 long by 32–35 wide.
Trichuris minuta has only been reported from D. virginiana in Morelos (Eslava-Araujo 2005). This is the second record of T. minuta in Mexico and the first record in the Yucatán Peninsula.
description: Published as part of Panti-May, Jesús Alonso, Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Canche-Pool, Elsy, Tello-Martín, Raúl, Ruiz-Piña, Hugo, Concha-Guillermo, Henry, Guiascón, Oscar Retana-, Vega, Pedro Pablo Martínez, Chablé-Santos, Juan, Martínez, Erendira Estrella-, Moguel-Chin, Wilson Isaias, Hernández-Orts, Jesús S., Hernández-Mena, David I., Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit & García-Prieto, Luis, 2024, Morphological and molecular data on helminths of Didelphis virginiana and Philander vossi (Mammalia: Didelphidae) from the Yucatán Peninsula, southeast Mexico, pp. 1-24 in Zootaxa 5463 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5463.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/11609981
Trichuris Roederer
Creators: name: Panti-May, Jesús Alonso
name: Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin
name: Canche-Pool, Elsy
name: Tello-Martín, Raúl
name: Ruiz-Piña, Hugo
name: Concha-Guillermo, Henry
name: Guiascón, Oscar Retana-
name: Vega, Pedro Pablo Martínez
name: Chablé-Santos, Juan
name: Martínez, Erendira Estrella-
name: Moguel-Chin, Wilson Isaias
name: Hernández-Orts, Jesús S.
name: Hernández-Mena, David I.
name: Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit
name: García-Prieto, Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Enoplea
Trichinellida
Trichuridae
Trichuris

description: Trichuris sp.
Site of infection: Caecum.
Host species: Philander vossi.
Locality: Chetumal (Quintana Roo).
Prevalence: 100% (1/1).
Mean intensity: 1.
Specimen deposited: CNHE 12891.
Comments: The single female whipworm is 9,680 in body length, with anterior portion of body 6,980 long and thick portion of body 2,700 long. The specimen has a non-protrusive vulva (Figure 6B). Eggs oval, with bipolar plugs, 72‒75 long by 30 wide.
In addition to the records of T. minuta, Trichuris didelphis Babero has been reported in Mexico from D. virginiana and D. marsupialis in Campeche, Colima, Hidalgo, Morelos, Yucatán (Acosta-Virgen et al. 2015; García-Valle et al. 2023), and Veracruz (Cañeda Guzman 1997). Unidentified species of Trichuris has also been reported from D. virginiana in Guerrero (Monet-Mendoza et al. 2005). New specimens, mainly males, should be collected to identify this taxon to the species level.
description: Published as part of Panti-May, Jesús Alonso, Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Canche-Pool, Elsy, Tello-Martín, Raúl, Ruiz-Piña, Hugo, Concha-Guillermo, Henry, Guiascón, Oscar Retana-, Vega, Pedro Pablo Martínez, Chablé-Santos, Juan, Martínez, Erendira Estrella-, Moguel-Chin, Wilson Isaias, Hernández-Orts, Jesús S., Hernández-Mena, David I., Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit & García-Prieto, Luis, 2024, Morphological and molecular data on helminths of Didelphis virginiana and Philander vossi (Mammalia: Didelphidae) from the Yucatán Peninsula, southeast Mexico, pp. 1-24 in Zootaxa 5463 (1) on page 13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5463.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/11609981
Oligacanthorhynchus microcephalus
Creators: name: Panti-May, Jesús Alonso
name: Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin
name: Canche-Pool, Elsy
name: Tello-Martín, Raúl
name: Ruiz-Piña, Hugo
name: Concha-Guillermo, Henry
name: Guiascón, Oscar Retana-
name: Vega, Pedro Pablo Martínez
name: Chablé-Santos, Juan
name: Martínez, Erendira Estrella-
name: Moguel-Chin, Wilson Isaias
name: Hernández-Orts, Jesús S.
name: Hernández-Mena, David I.
name: Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit
name: García-Prieto, Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Acanthocephala
Archiacanthocephala
Oligacanthorhynchida
Oligacanthorhynchidae
Oligacanthorhynchus
Oligacanthorhynchus microcephalus

description: Oligacanthorhynchus microcephalus (Rudolphi)
Site of infection: Intestines.
Host species: Didelphis virginiana.
Localities: Umán, Mérida (Yucatán), Campeche, and Chencoh (Campeche).
Prevalence: 83.3% (5/6).
Mean intensity: 11.6 (range 1‒29).
Specimens deposited: CNHE 12892‒12895.
GenBank accession numbers: PP662468, PP662469.
Comments: The present material conformed to the descriptions by Richardson et al. (2014) and López-Caballero et al. (2015). Worms elongated and narrowly constricted at anterior end. Proboscis ovoid, 300–320 long by 300 wide, armed with six longitudinally arranged spiral rows of six shallowly rooted hooks each. The length of hooks decreases posteriorly: first hooks 75‒80, second hooks 50‒65, third hooks 45‒58, fourth hooks 40‒45, fifth hooks 30‒32, sixth hooks 20‒25 (Figure 6C). Male trunk 99,200–140,600 long by 4,000 –7,000 wide. Female trunk 106,500–222,000 long by 4,000 –10,000 wide. Eggs ellipsoid, 75–85 long by 30–42 wide.
Oligacanthorhynchus microcephalus has been previously reported from opossums (D. marsupialis, D. virginiana and P. vossi) in Campeche, Chiapas, Colima, Guanajuato, Hidalgo, Michoacán, Morelos, Oaxaca, Tabasco, Veracruz, and Yucatán (see García-Prieto et al. 2012; Acosta-Virgen et al. 2015; López-Caballero et al. 2015). This study adds new locality records in Yucatán and Campeche.
description: Published as part of Panti-May, Jesús Alonso, Chan-Casanova, Anyela Jackelin, Canche-Pool, Elsy, Tello-Martín, Raúl, Ruiz-Piña, Hugo, Concha-Guillermo, Henry, Guiascón, Oscar Retana-, Vega, Pedro Pablo Martínez, Chablé-Santos, Juan, Martínez, Erendira Estrella-, Moguel-Chin, Wilson Isaias, Hernández-Orts, Jesús S., Hernández-Mena, David I., Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit & García-Prieto, Luis, 2024, Morphological and molecular data on helminths of Didelphis virginiana and Philander vossi (Mammalia: Didelphidae) from the Yucatán Peninsula, southeast Mexico, pp. 1-24 in Zootaxa 5463 (1) on pages 13-14, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5463.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/11609981
Bulbophyllum emarginatum Smith 1912
Creators: name: Dang, Minh Quan
name: Averyanov, Leonid V.
name: Dang, Van Son
name: Maisak, Tatiana
name: Bui, Van Huong
name: Tu, Bao Ngan
name: Truong, Ba Vuong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Bulbophyllum
Bulbophyllum emarginatum

description: 1. B. emarginatum (Finet) Smith (1912: 24), Seidenfaden (1973: 57, 1992: 279), Chen et al. (2009: 429).
≡ Cirrhopetalum emarginatum Finet (1897: 269). Type:— CHINA, Yunnan et Mékong, 3 June 1896, H. d’ Orléans 406 (MNHN-P-P00348013 photo!, http://coldb.mnhn.fr/catalognumber/mnhn/p/p00348013).
= B. brachypodum var. geei Rao & Balakrishnan (1969: 350). Type:— INDIA, Arunachal Pradesh, Kameng District, Dirang Dzong, NEFA 24 October 1965, E. P. Gee 43067 (ASSAM).
= B. yoksunense var. geei (A.S.Rao & N.P. Balakr.) Bennet (1983: 592).
Habitat and phenology: —Primary and secondary evergreen broad-leaved forests at elevation of 1400–2000 m a.s.l. Creeping epiphyte in canopy of tall trees. Flowering in October – December.
Distribution: — India, Bhutan, Nepal, China, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam (Cao Bang, Ha Giang, and Lao Cai provinces).
Notes: —Lateral sepals form slender tube at apical half, lower margins fuse along almost all their length, upper margin free at basal half.
Studied specimens: — VIETNAM, Cao Bang Province, 27 October 1960, Takhtajan 622 (LE01055497 http:// en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=7253, LE01055496 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=7252, LE01055495 http:// en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=7251, LE01055494 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=7250). VIETNAM, Ha Giang Province, Meo Vac 13 Dec 2005, L. Averyanov, P. K. Loc, T. V. Thao, P. V. The, N. S. Khang HAL 8575 (LE0105549 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=7247). VIETNAM, Ha Giang Province, Yen Minh, November 2004, S. K. Wu, L. K. Phan, X. Gong, J. Y. Xiang, V. T. Nguyen & K. S. Nguyen WP 706 (LE01055492 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=7248). VIETNAM, Ha Giang Province, Quang Ba 31 October 2019, Truong Ba Vuong, Bui Van Huong BV 441 (VNM00069926!). VIETNAM, Lao Cai Province, Van Ban 22 March 2002, L. Averyanov, P. K. Loc, D. T. Doan HAL 2629 (LE01055493 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=7249).
description: Published as part of Dang, Minh Quan, Averyanov, Leonid V., Dang, Van Son, Maisak, Tatiana, Bui, Van Huong, Tu, Bao Ngan & Truong, Ba Vuong, 2022, Bulbophyllum section Rhytionanthos (Orchidaceae) in Vietnam with description of new taxa and new national record, pp. 257-270 in Phytotaxa 530 (3) on page 259, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.530.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5835973
Bulbophyllum paraemarginatum Averyanov 2007
Creators: name: Dang, Minh Quan
name: Averyanov, Leonid V.
name: Dang, Van Son
name: Maisak, Tatiana
name: Bui, Van Huong
name: Tu, Bao Ngan
name: Truong, Ba Vuong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Bulbophyllum
Bulbophyllum paraemarginatum

description: 2. B. paraemarginatum Averyanov (2007: 292, figs. 2, 5).
Type: — VIETNAM, Lai Chau Province, Sin Ho District, Ma Quai Municipality, Can Ti 2 village, around point 22º24′18″N 103º22′45″E, remnants of broad-leaved evergreen closed primary forest on steep mountain slopes composed with sandstone at elevation about 1100 m a.s.l., creeping epiphyte on tall mossy trees, flowers odorless, median sepal and petals white, lateral sepals purple-brown, lip white with finest purple-brown marks, common, 17 Nov. 2006, Nguyen Tien Hiep, L. Averyanov, Pham Van The, HAL 9849 (LE01055989 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=7777, LE01087186 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=18711 photos, LE01087185 http:// en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=18710 drawing).
Habitat and phenology: —Primary and secondary evergreen broad-leaved forests on sandstone at an elevation of about 1100 m a.s.l. Creeping epiphyte in canopy of tall trees. Flowering in November.
Distribution: — Vietnam (Lai Chau Province). Endemic.
Notes: — Bulbophyllum paraemarginatum differs from B. emarginatum by the color of flowers, the irregular dentate petals (vs. slightly erose), upper margin of lateral sepals free only at base (vs. free at basal half), and entire upper margin of stelidia (vs. stelidia margin erose).
description: Published as part of Dang, Minh Quan, Averyanov, Leonid V., Dang, Van Son, Maisak, Tatiana, Bui, Van Huong, Tu, Bao Ngan & Truong, Ba Vuong, 2022, Bulbophyllum section Rhytionanthos (Orchidaceae) in Vietnam with description of new taxa and new national record, pp. 257-270 in Phytotaxa 530 (3) on page 265, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.530.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5835973
Bulbophyllum nodosum Smith 1912
Creators: name: Dang, Minh Quan
name: Averyanov, Leonid V.
name: Dang, Van Son
name: Maisak, Tatiana
name: Bui, Van Huong
name: Tu, Bao Ngan
name: Truong, Ba Vuong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Bulbophyllum
Bulbophyllum nodosum

description: 3. B. nodosum (Rolfe 1895: 35) Smith (1912: 26), Seidenfaden (1973: 73), Pearce & Cribb (2002: 479) (Fig 1).
≡ Cirrhopetalum nodosum Rolfe (1895: 35). Type:— INDIA, Nilgiri, O’Brien s.n. (K000829967 photo!, http://specimens.kew.org/ herbarium/ K000829967).
≡ Rhytionanthos nodosum (Rolfe 1895: 35) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist (1994: 639).
Habitat and phenology:—Creeping epiphyte on large trees in dry forests at elevation of about 1000 m a.s.l.
Distribution:— Vietnam (Son La Province). India.
Notes:—The species is very close to B. helenae, but can be easily distinguished by the clavate hairs on pedicel, ovary, and abaxial surface of sepals, as well as in having nodular swellings on the thick rhizome. Our discovery represent new national record of this species in the flora of Vietnam.
Studied specimens:— INDIA, Nilghiri Hills, s.coll., s.n. (K000829967 photo!, type of B. nodosum). INDIA, Nilghiri Hills, s.coll., s.n. (K000829965 photo! http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/ K000829965, K000829966 photo! http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/ K000829966, K000829968 photos! http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/ K000829968). VIETNAM, Dien Bien Province, Tua Chua District, Sin Chai Municipality, around point 22°03’38”N 103°19’56”E, primary humid evergreen broad-leaved forest on very steep rocky slopes and on tops of remnant mountain composed with highly eroded marble-like solid crystalline limestone at elevation of 1350–1500 m a.s.l., epiphyte, occasional, 14 December 2010, L. Averyanov et al., CPC 982 a/3 (LE01068417 http://en.herbariumle. ru/?t=occ&id=15085, LE01055568 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=7316, LE01087022 http://en.herbariumle. ru/?t=occ&id=18117 photos). VIETNAM, herbarium specimen prepared from plants cultivated in private garden in Ho Chi Minh City, originated from Son La Province, Thuan Chau District, 28 August 2021, Truong Ba Vuong BV 1260 (VNM00069916, LE01122925 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=107046 photos), BV 1261 (VNM00069917), 15 September 2020, Truong Ba Vuong, Ngo Quang Dang, BV 1298 (VNM00069922).
description: Published as part of Dang, Minh Quan, Averyanov, Leonid V., Dang, Van Son, Maisak, Tatiana, Bui, Van Huong, Tu, Bao Ngan & Truong, Ba Vuong, 2022, Bulbophyllum section Rhytionanthos (Orchidaceae) in Vietnam with description of new taxa and new national record, pp. 257-270 in Phytotaxa 530 (3) on page 265, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.530.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5835973
Bulbophyllum forrestii Seidenfaden 1973
Creators: name: Dang, Minh Quan
name: Averyanov, Leonid V.
name: Dang, Van Son
name: Maisak, Tatiana
name: Bui, Van Huong
name: Tu, Bao Ngan
name: Truong, Ba Vuong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Bulbophyllum
Bulbophyllum forrestii

description: 4. B. forrestii Seidenfaden (1973: 120, 1979: 165); Chen et al. (2009: 428); Averyanov et al. (2015: 145).
≡ Cirrhopetalum aemulum Smith (1921: 195). Syntypes:— CHINA, Yunnan, 1 June 1923, G. Forrest, 17970 (MNHN-P-P00348028 photo!) http://coldb.mnhn.fr/catalognumber/mnhn/p/p00348028). CHINA, Yunnan, 1917, G. Forrest, 17970 (K000867021 photo! http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/ K000867021). CHINA, Yunnan, Shweli Valley, June 1912, G. Forrest 8130 (K000867022 photo! http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/ K000867022). MYANMAR: 17 May 1914, F. Kingdon Ward, 1554 (E00743063 photo! https://data.rbge.org.uk/herb/ E00743063).
≡ Rhytionanthos aemulum (W.W.Sm.) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist (1994: 637).
Habitat and phenology: —Dry broad-leaved primary and secondary evergreen and semideciduous forest at elevations 500–1000 m a.s.l. Creeping epiphyte. Flowering in March.
Distribution: — India, Myanmar, China, Thailand, Lao, Vietnam (doubtful).
Notes: —According to Seidenfaden (1973) Bulbophyllum forrestii looks similar to B. helenae but actually the median sepal of true B. forrestii is slightly erose to almost entire (vs. irregular erose to denticulate), lip adaxially papillose (vs. smooth in B. helenae).
Studied specimens:— CHINA, Yunnan, in the Shweli Valley, June 1912, Forrest G. 8130 (K000867022 photo!). CHINA, Yunnan, 1917, Forrest G. 17970 (K000867021 photo!). CHINA, Yunnan, 1923, Forrest, G. 17970 (P00348028 photo!). LAOS, Xiangkhouang Province, Peak District, Oran Village, around point 19°38′53″N 103°23′12″E, primary and secondary broad-leaved evergreen dry forest on shale sandstone slopes and along ridge edge at elevation about 1750–1850 m a.s.l., epiphyte on tall mossy tree along ridge edge, not rare, 2 April 2015, N. T. Hiep et al., LA-VN 931b / TM 1225 (LE01055537 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=18092, LE01073555 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=18088 photo).
description: Published as part of Dang, Minh Quan, Averyanov, Leonid V., Dang, Van Son, Maisak, Tatiana, Bui, Van Huong, Tu, Bao Ngan & Truong, Ba Vuong, 2022, Bulbophyllum section Rhytionanthos (Orchidaceae) in Vietnam with description of new taxa and new national record, pp. 257-270 in Phytotaxa 530 (3) on page 265, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.530.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5835973
ЎЗБЕКИСТОН БАНКЛАРИДА АКТИВ ВА ПАССИВЛАРНИ БОШҚАРИШ ҲОЛАТИ
Creators: name: Илдашева Барно Кучкаровна Тошкент Амалий Фанлар университети "Банк иши" кафедраси ўқитувчиси  Телефон: +998 (90) 972 90 63
name: Ахмедова Феруза Абдумажидовна Тошкент Амалий Фанлар университети "Банк иши" кафедраси ўқитувчиси  Email: Feruzaaxmedova007@gmail.com
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ушбу мақола Ўзбекистон Республикаси тижорат банкларида пассив операцияларни самарали бошқариш йўллари АТ Туронбанк мисолида ёритилган. Жумладан, АТ Турон банкнинг банк тизимида тутган ўрни ҳамда молиявий ресурсларни жалб этиш ҳолатлари ўрганилган. Хусусан, мамлакатимиз банк тизимида олиб борилаётган трансформация жараёнлари натижасида охирги йилларда тижорат банкларининг пассивлари ва капитали юқори миқдорда ўсиб бораётганлиги аниқланди. Аммо давлат улуши мавжуд банкларда кредитларнинг депозитларга нисбати уч баробарга яқинлашиши ушбу банклар турли фондларнинг арзон ресурсларига ишониб қолганлиги аммо бу бозор тамойиллари асосида ресурс жалб қилишида ва рақобатга мослашишида муаммоларга олиб келмоқда.
Bulbophyllum salmoneum Averyanov & Vermeulen
Creators: name: Dang, Minh Quan
name: Averyanov, Leonid V.
name: Dang, Van Son
name: Maisak, Tatiana
name: Bui, Van Huong
name: Tu, Bao Ngan
name: Truong, Ba Vuong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Bulbophyllum
Bulbophyllum salmoneum

description: 6. B. salmoneum Averyanov & Vermeulen (2012: 128, fig. 1f & 3).
Type:— VIETNAM, Quang Binh Province, Minh Hoa District, Thuong Hoa Municipality, environs of Mo O O O Village, around point 17°39′31.7″N 105°54′48.2″E, primary broad-leaved closed forest on very steep rocky slope of remnant mountain composed of highly eroded solid crystalline limestone at elevation of 400–500 m a.s.l., creeping epiphytic on tall tree, not rare, 23 July 2011, N. T. Hiep, L. Averyanov, N. S. Khang, N. Q. Vinh, CPC 3657 (LE01057821 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=8321, LE 01087269 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=18990 photos, LE 01087271 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=18992 drawing).
Habitat and phenology: —Evergreen broad-leaved primary limestone forests at elevation of around 400–1000 m a.s.l. Trunk and branch epiphyte. Flowering in June – July.
Distribution: — VIETNAM (Quang Nam, Quang Binh, Gia Lai, Kon Tum, and Dak Lak provinces). Thailand.
Studied specimens:— THAILAND, wild collected plant originated from Thailand, cultivated in private garden of B. Q. Viet in southern Vietnam, AL s.n., 19 October 2017, L. Averyanov (LE01087720 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=42947 photos). VIETNAM, plant cultivated in Lam Dong province, Di Linh District, originated from Quang Nam Province, 16 June 2020, Truong Ba Vuong, Loc Bao Sang, BV 699 (VNM). VIETNAM, Gia Lai Province, Kon Chu Rang Nature Reserve, 1 June 2016, M. Nuraliev, Nuraliev 1618 (LE01055514 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=7269). VIETNAM, Quang Binh Province, Minh Hoa District, 29 July 2011, Nguyen Tien Hiep et al., CPC 3919 (LE01057819 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=8320). VIETNAM, Quang Binh Province, Minh Hoa District, 23 July 2011, Nguyen Tien Hiep et al., CPC 3657 (LE01057820, http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=15154).
description: Published as part of Dang, Minh Quan, Averyanov, Leonid V., Dang, Van Son, Maisak, Tatiana, Bui, Van Huong, Tu, Bao Ngan & Truong, Ba Vuong, 2022, Bulbophyllum section Rhytionanthos (Orchidaceae) in Vietnam with description of new taxa and new national record, pp. 257-270 in Phytotaxa 530 (3) on page 266, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.530.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5835973
Bulbophyllum taeniophyllum Parish & Reichenbach 1874
Creators: name: Dang, Minh Quan
name: Averyanov, Leonid V.
name: Dang, Van Son
name: Maisak, Tatiana
name: Bui, Van Huong
name: Tu, Bao Ngan
name: Truong, Ba Vuong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Bulbophyllum
Bulbophyllum taeniophyllum

description: 7. B. taeniophyllum Parish & Reichenbach (1874a: 198); Seidenfaden (1979: 167, 1992: 285).
Type: — MYANMAR, Mawlamyine (Moulmein), Parish 346 (W-Herb. Reichenbach).
≡ Cirrhopetalum taeniophyllum (Parish & Reichenbach 1874a: 198) Hooker (1890: 786); Phyllorkis taeniophylla (Parish & Reichenbach) Kuntze (1891: 677).
= Bulbophyllum simillimum Parish & Reichenbach (1878b: 49); Cirrhopetalum simillimum Reichenbach (1878b: 50); Phyllorkis simillima (Reichenbach) Kuntze (1891: 677). Type:— MYANMAR, July 1873, Parish, E.C. 366 (K000829941 http://specimens.kew.org/ herbarium/K000829941 photo!).
= Cirrhopetalum mundulum Bull (1891: 676); Bulbophyllum mundulum (Bull) Smith. (1912: 26). Type:—UNKNOWN ORIGIN, Ex. Hort. Mansell & Hatcher, Ltd., Anon s.n. (BM000525174 https://data.nhm.ac.uk/object/518b076b-6e8f-420e-a584-3d01071b607b photo!).
= Bulbophyllum rupicola Ridley (1911: 194). Type:—sine loc., C.E. Carr, s.n (SING0046985 http://plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap. specimen.sing0046985 photo!).
= Bulbophyllum punctatissimum Ridley (1924: 77); Cirrhopetalum punctatissimum Rolfe ex Ridley (1924: 77).
Type:— MALAY PENINSULA, “sent alive to KEW by Mr. E. Seimund in 1914 and flowered shortly after” August 1919. Seimund 337-14 (K000891078 http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/ K000891078 photo!).
Notes:—In Vietnam, this species is presented by two varieties. The key for their identification is presented below.
description: Published as part of Dang, Minh Quan, Averyanov, Leonid V., Dang, Van Son, Maisak, Tatiana, Bui, Van Huong, Tu, Bao Ngan & Truong, Ba Vuong, 2022, Bulbophyllum section Rhytionanthos (Orchidaceae) in Vietnam with description of new taxa and new national record, pp. 257-270 in Phytotaxa 530 (3) on page 267, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.530.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5835973
Bulbophyllum taeniophyllum Parish & Reichenbach 1874
Creators: name: Dang, Minh Quan
name: Averyanov, Leonid V.
name: Dang, Van Son
name: Maisak, Tatiana
name: Bui, Van Huong
name: Tu, Bao Ngan
name: Truong, Ba Vuong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Bulbophyllum
Bulbophyllum taeniophyllum

description: The key for identification of varieties of Bulbophyllum taeniophyllum in the flora of Vietnam
1. Petals erose to irregular dentate; lower margin of stelidia entire ........................................7.1. B. taeniophyllum var. taeniophyllum
- Petals fimbriate; lower margin of stelidia denticulate .................................................. 7.2. B. taeniophyllum var. denticulatoalatum
description: Published as part of Dang, Minh Quan, Averyanov, Leonid V., Dang, Van Son, Maisak, Tatiana, Bui, Van Huong, Tu, Bao Ngan & Truong, Ba Vuong, 2022, Bulbophyllum section Rhytionanthos (Orchidaceae) in Vietnam with description of new taxa and new national record, pp. 257-270 in Phytotaxa 530 (3) on page 267, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.530.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5835973
Bulbophyllum taeniophyllum var. taeniophyllum var. taeniophyllum
Creators: name: Dang, Minh Quan
name: Averyanov, Leonid V.
name: Dang, Van Son
name: Maisak, Tatiana
name: Bui, Van Huong
name: Tu, Bao Ngan
name: Truong, Ba Vuong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Bulbophyllum
Bulbophyllum taeniophyllum
B. taeniophyllum var. taeniophyllum

description: 7.1. B. taeniophyllum var. taeniophyllum
Habitat and phenology: —Primary broad-leaved forests. Trunk and branch epiphyte. Flowering in January – February.
Distribution: — Myanmar, China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam (Hoa Binh Province), Borneo, Malaysia, Sumatra, Java.
Studied specimens: — MALAYSIA, Rasak waud, March 1910, s.coll., 15203 as B. rupicolum (K 000891079 http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/ K 000891079 photo!). VIETNAM, Hoa Binh Province, 29 March 2001, Nguyen Tien Hiep et al., HAL 299 (LE 01057944 http://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=8447&rid=image_0016710).
description: Published as part of Dang, Minh Quan, Averyanov, Leonid V., Dang, Van Son, Maisak, Tatiana, Bui, Van Huong, Tu, Bao Ngan & Truong, Ba Vuong, 2022, Bulbophyllum section Rhytionanthos (Orchidaceae) in Vietnam with description of new taxa and new national record, pp. 257-270 in Phytotaxa 530 (3) on page 267, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.530.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5835973
Phyllorchis helenae Smith 1912
Creators: name: Dang, Minh Quan
name: Averyanov, Leonid V.
name: Dang, Van Son
name: Maisak, Tatiana
name: Bui, Van Huong
name: Tu, Bao Ngan
name: Truong, Ba Vuong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Phyllorchis
Phyllorchis helenae

description: 9 B. helenae (Kuntze 1891: 676) Smith (1912: 24);
Seidenfaden (1973: 71, 1979: 157); Pearce & Cribb (2002: 469); Chen et al. (2009: 430). Phyllorkis helenae Kuntze (1891: 676).
= Cirrhopetalum cornutum Lindley (1838: 75); Rhytionanthos cornutum (Lindley 1838: 75) Garay, Hamer & Siegerist (1994: 637).
Type: — INDIA, Khasia, Nungclow, Gibson 31 (K-LINDL K 001368947 http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/ K 001368947 photo!).
Habitat and phenology: —Primary humid evergreen broad-leaved forests at elevations 600–2000 m a.s.l. Trunk epiphyte. Flowering in August – December.
Distribution: — India, Myanmar, China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam (doubtful).
Notes: —The early records of B. helenae by Averyanov et al. 2015 is actually B. nodosum, so occurrences of this species in Vietnam is doubtful.
Studied specimens: — INDIA, Mount Khasia, Hooker & Thomsom, s.n. as C. cornutum (M 0226978 http:// plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.specimen.m0226978 photo!). INDIA, Sikkim; Sikkim Himalaya, June 1898, R. Pantling, 232 (L.1484515 https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/ L.1484515 photo!). INDIA, Sikkim Himalaya, 1892, R. Pantling 232 (MNHN-P-P00348046 http://coldb.mnhn.fr/catalognumber/mnhn/p/p00348046 photo!). INDIA, Khasia J.D. Hooker & T.Thomson 6 (MNHN-P-P00348049 http://coldb.mnhn.fr/catalognumber/ mnhn/p/p00348049 photo!). MYANMAR, Hills around Ku-lu, May 1925, G. Forrest 26609 (E 00123412, https://data. rbge.org.uk/herb/ E 00123412 photo!). THAILAND, Kampaeng Phet, Klong Lan, 1240 m, 29 October 2002, M. van de Bult 601 (L.1484514, https://data.biodiversitydata.nl/naturalis/specimen/ L.1484514 photo!). THAILAND, Chiang Rai, Mae Sai, Doi Dtung (Tung), 28 September 2006, J. F. Maxwell 06- 683 (L.4175145 https://data.biodiversitydata. nl/naturalis/specimen/ L.4175145 photo!).
description: Published as part of Dang, Minh Quan, Averyanov, Leonid V., Dang, Van Son, Maisak, Tatiana, Bui, Van Huong, Tu, Bao Ngan & Truong, Ba Vuong, 2022, Bulbophyllum section Rhytionanthos (Orchidaceae) in Vietnam with description of new taxa and new national record, pp. 257-270 in Phytotaxa 530 (3) on page 269, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.530.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5835973
Plutodes Guenee 1858
Creators: name: Singh, Manpreet
name: Raha, Angshuman
name: Mallick, Kaushik
name: Kirti, Jagbir Singh
name: Singh, Navneet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Plutodes

description: Genus Plutodes Guenée, [1858]: 117
TS: Plutodes cyclaria Guenée, [1858]
TL: Borneo (Malaysia)
Species of Plutodes, now in Plutodini, Ennominae, are small to medium-sized moths with an overall dull yellow appearance. Their wings usually have yellow ground colour with a prominent pattern of basal and distal rufous-brown patches where the distal ones are generally roundish or elliptical, and traversed by a crenulate darker line inside. The distal patches are often bordered by double, fine dark lines with iridescent scales sprinkled in the space between them. The antennae in both the sexes are generally unipectinate. The forewing venation comprises R1 originating subapically from the cell or rarely from the common stem of R 2–5, remaining independent in the core-group or fusing with Sc for a rather long distance before diverging from it. R2 always arises from the common stem of R 3–4. Sţning (2013) identified the drop-shaped basal section of the frenulum in Plutodes which is a synapomorphy for all the allied genera in Plutodini. The male genitalia have slender uncus with a rounded, spatulate or acute apex, valvae with weakly or strongly sclerotized costa and well-developed sacculus possessing subbasal and distal spurs or other processes and weakly developed saccus, curved upwards. Juxta broad, plate-like or elongate, laterally near base with a pair of bunches of elongate setae (“cristae”). The vesica of the aedeagus bears a row or bunches of variable cornuti. The female genitalia have corpus bursae devoid of typical Ennominae signum, but usually with scobination, often arranged in lines.
Plutodes is mainly distributed in the Oriental tropics and subtropics with geographic range extending from the North-western Himalaya to the Indo-Australian tropics, with maximum diversity being reported from Thailand and the Sunda islands of Borneo and Sumatra. A few species reach to a little higher latitude in the Fujian and Yunnan provinces of China, just touching the southernmost extremity of the Palaearctic realm (Yazaki & Wang 2004, Sţning 2005). Generally, the species of this genus are found in the lowland and lower to upper montane, undisturbed tropical and subtropical forests up to an altitude of nearly 2500 m.
description: Published as part of Singh, Manpreet, Raha, Angshuman, Mallick, Kaushik, Kirti, Jagbir Singh & Singh, Navneet, 2023, A review of the genus Plutodes Guenée (Geometridae: Ennominae) from India with description of one new species, pp. 499-523 in Zootaxa 5323 (4) on pages 505-506, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/8212358
title: Polymorphic posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) in paediatric patient following kidney transplantation
Creators: name: Mendoza Ferradas, Francisco
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Paediatric radiology
subject: Abdomen
subject: Paediatric
subject: MR
subject: MR-Enterography
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: Lymphoma
subject: Transplantation
subject: Clinical Case

description: Clinical History: A 10-year-old male presented with a 6-month history of chronic abdominal pain accompanied by intermittent diarrhoea, fever, nausea, and vomiting. There were no significant findings related to infection or dietary changes. The patient had a kidney transplant when he was 1 year old, and was on immunosuppressive therapy for 1 year post-transplant.

description: 10 years, male
Plutodes lamisca Swinhoe 1894
Creators: name: Singh, Manpreet
name: Raha, Angshuman
name: Mallick, Kaushik
name: Kirti, Jagbir Singh
name: Singh, Navneet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Plutodes
Plutodes lamisca

description: Plutodes lamisca Swinhoe, 1894: 196
(Figs 8–9, 35–36)
TL: Cherra Punji [Cherrapunji] (Meghalya, India)
= Plutodes digitata Kirti & Saxena, 2019: 48, syn. nov. (TL: Gangtok, Sikkim (India))
Material examined: India, Sikkim, South Sikkim dist.:1 ♂, Namchi, 9.vii.2019, leg. R. Lenka & party (13657/ H10, NZCZSI).
Diagnosis: Forewing length: ♂ 15 mm. Externally, P. lamisca is readily separable from its other congeners by the much-reduced distal rufous patch of hindwing which instead possesses two dark spots (one roundish and another elongated) surrounded by numerous pale rufous spots. The forewing has conjoined or sometimes separate dark rufous, basal areas and distal patches, the latter partly paler inside, lined by irregular pale rufous margins and concolorous streaks scattered within the yellow zones. The male genitalia have a characteristic broad and strong uncus with slightly spatulate and setose apex; the valva is short, basally broad and apically narrowly rounded; sacculus basally broad and distally extended into a pair of short, slender spines having a row of short, tooth-like spines at the inner side and a larger spine perpendicularly set at the outer side. The aedeagus is broad and stout, distally slightly arcuate with vesica having distal con-joined patches of minute spines and a neighbouring group of large cornuti.
Distribution: India: Meghalaya, Sikkim, West Bengal (Swinhoe 1894, Chettri & Yonle 2021). Global: Nepal (Yazaki 1992).
Remarks: The illustration of the habitus of P. digitata provided by Kirti et al. (2019) matches exactly with that of the original description and the one discussed by Hampson (1895). Also, after careful comparison of the genitalia and the habitus of P. lamisca with that of P. digitata, we could not find any significant difference to consider both taxa as separate species. So, herein we synonymize P. digitata with P. lamisca.
description: Published as part of Singh, Manpreet, Raha, Angshuman, Mallick, Kaushik, Kirti, Jagbir Singh & Singh, Navneet, 2023, A review of the genus Plutodes Guenée (Geometridae: Ennominae) from India with description of one new species, pp. 499-523 in Zootaxa 5323 (4) on pages 508-509, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/8212358
Plutodes nilgirica Hampson 1891
Creators: name: Singh, Manpreet
name: Raha, Angshuman
name: Mallick, Kaushik
name: Kirti, Jagbir Singh
name: Singh, Navneet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Plutodes
Plutodes nilgirica

description: Plutodes nilgirica Hampson, 1891: 115
(Figs 10–11, 37–39)
TL: Nilgiri district (Tamil Nadu, India)
Material examined: India, Kerala, Idukki dist.: 1 ♂, Munnar, 29.x.2017, leg. M. Singh (13658/H10, NZCZSI).
Diagnosis: Forewing length: ♂ 17 mm. Externally, P. nilgirica is very similar to the Chinese P. nanlingensis Yazaki and Wang, 2004: 118 (fig. 12) and the Bornean P. unidentata Holloway, 1976: 85. However, P. nilgirica and P. nanlingensis are distinct from P. unidentata by the even pattern of patches. The basal and the distal patches on the hindwing may be fused or not fused, as in our specimen. Further, P. nilgirica differs from P. nanlingensis by its generally larger size and by the distal patch on the forewing being more or less quadrate in shape and almost extending up to the costal, apical and termen area, whereas the patch is quite roundish in P. nanlingensis. The hindwing, in P. nilgirica, has the basal patch with concave outer border and the distal patch with inner border devoid of any demarcated layer, but with a large, rounded indentation centrally and acute processes anteriorly and posteriorly. In P. nanlingensis, the basal patch of the hindwing also has a concave outer border, but with a distinct small protrusion in the middle. In male genitalia, P. nilgirica differs from the two externally similar species by the broadly rounded apex of the short valva (elongate and acutely-pointed apically in the other two species), stronger and more distally extended sacculus, elongate and more ventrally pronounced saccus and a pick-axe shaped (when everted) vesica endowed strongly with cornuti (Holloway [1994]).
Distribution: India: Kerala, Tamil Nadu (Nilgiri district) (Hampson 1891, Chandra et al. 2020).
Remarks: To date, P. nilgirica is only reported from southern India including our observation. So, its distribution is probably restricted to this part of the country. Herein, we present the first-time illustrated diagnosis of male genitalia of this species.
description: Published as part of Singh, Manpreet, Raha, Angshuman, Mallick, Kaushik, Kirti, Jagbir Singh & Singh, Navneet, 2023, A review of the genus Plutodes Guenée (Geometridae: Ennominae) from India with description of one new species, pp. 499-523 in Zootaxa 5323 (4) on page 509, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/8212358
Plutodes subcaudata Butler 1880
Creators: name: Singh, Manpreet
name: Raha, Angshuman
name: Mallick, Kaushik
name: Kirti, Jagbir Singh
name: Singh, Navneet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Plutodes
Plutodes subcaudata

description: Plutodes subcaudata Butler, 1880: 224
(Figs 12–13, 40–42)
TL: Darjiling [Darjeeling] (West Bengal, India)
Material examined: India, Arunachal Pradesh, Dibang Valley dist.: 1 ♂, DDBR, Cheepe, 8.vii.2016, leg. A. K. Sanyal & party (13659/H10, NZCZSI). Sikkim, South Sikkim dist.: 1 ♀, Ravangla, 23.vii.2019, leg. R. Lenka & party (13660/H10, NZCZSI). West Bengal, Kalimpong dist.: 1 ♂, Rishop, 13.ix.2018, leg. R. Lenka & party (13661/ H10, NZCZSI); Darjeeling dist.: 2 ♂, Echey Gaon, 15.ix.2018, leg. R. Lenka & party (13662/H10, NZCZSI); 1 ♀, Maneybhanjang, 16.ix.2018, leg. M. Singh (13663/H10, NZCZSI).
Diagnosis: Forewing length: ♂ 16–18 mm, ♀ 16–17 mm. The wing pattern of P. subcaudata is unique among the congeners and easily recognizable by the distal patch of forewing extended below to a distinct narrow stalk to meet the inner margin. The rufous patches on the wings are traversed by distinct irregular darker rufous lines, as present and specifically distinct in most other species of Plutodes. The distal patch on the hindwing has a distinctly irregular inner border and is joined with the narrow basal area at the anal angle, with a kind of eye-spot at tornus, somewhat similar to P. exquisita Butler, 1880. The male genitalia have a distinctively long and twisted sacculus which is sharply angled near the base, then highly concave and distally extended with a sharp elbow, terminating into a slender, acute process. The aedeagus vesica has a conspicuous row of large, tooth-shaped cornuti forming a ring. In female genitalia, papilla analis elongated, squarish; anterior apophysis nearly two-third the length of posterior apophysis; ostium round, weakly sclerotized; ductus bursae narrow, rod-like, sclerotized; corpus bursae constricted and twisted proximally, large, globular and slightly sclerotized distally with minute scobinations.
Distribution: India: Arunachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Meghalaya (Khasis), Sikkim, West Bengal (Butler 1880, Hampson 1895, Pathania et al. 2021). Global: Nepal (Yazaki 1992).
Remarks: To date, the species is reported from the central and eastern part of Himalayas in India indicating its preference for the mid and upper montane semi-evergreen forests up to 2200 m altitude. The male genitalia of this species are discussed and illustrated here for the first time. Our study has uncovered a new location for this species in Arunachal Pradesh, adding to its known distribution range.
description: Published as part of Singh, Manpreet, Raha, Angshuman, Mallick, Kaushik, Kirti, Jagbir Singh & Singh, Navneet, 2023, A review of the genus Plutodes Guenée (Geometridae: Ennominae) from India with description of one new species, pp. 499-523 in Zootaxa 5323 (4) on pages 509-511, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/8212358
Plutodes exquisita Butler 1880
Creators: name: Singh, Manpreet
name: Raha, Angshuman
name: Mallick, Kaushik
name: Kirti, Jagbir Singh
name: Singh, Navneet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Plutodes
Plutodes exquisita

description: Plutodes exquisita Butler, 1880: 223
(Figs 14–15, 43)
TL: Darjiling [Darjeeling] (West Bengal, India)
Material examined: India, Sikkim, Gangtok dist.: 1 ♀, Singtam, 26.vii.2019, leg. M. Singh (13664/H10, NZCZSI).
Diagnosis: Forewing length: ♀ 19 mm. Externally, P.exquisita is closely similar to the Indonesian P.dintelmanni St ̧ning, 2013: 254 (figs 1–2), but can be easily distinguished by the forewing with a conspicuously smaller basal patch and a hindwing with a distinct black tornal eye-spot and joined distal and basal patches. Plutodes dintelmanni lacks the tornal eye and the basal and distal patches on hindwing are distinctly apart. Additionally, in P. exquisita, the crenulate dentate line is strongly developed inside the outer patch of both wings, whereas it is weakly developed in P. dintelmanni. In the male genitalia, both the species are extremely similar except in the shape of sacculus and the claw-like processes, and the number, size and arrangement of the cornuti on the vesica (Sţning 2013). In P. exquisita, the female genitalia have the corpus bursae elliptical, with a large patch of scobination and a pair of weakly crescent-shaped scobinated fields proximally. Also, the ductus bursae is long and narrow with broad antrum. In P. dintelmanni, the corpus bursae is globular and membranous, with a pair of prominent crescent-shaped proximal scobinated areas (Sţning 2013).
Distribution: India: Meghalaya, Mizoram, Sikkim, West Bengal (Butler 1880, Cotes & Swinhoe 1887, Joshi et al. 2021). Global: China, Nepal, Thailand (Yazaki 1994, Kendrick & Ades 2004, Koçak & Kemal 2010).
description: Published as part of Singh, Manpreet, Raha, Angshuman, Mallick, Kaushik, Kirti, Jagbir Singh & Singh, Navneet, 2023, A review of the genus Plutodes Guenée (Geometridae: Ennominae) from India with description of one new species, pp. 499-523 in Zootaxa 5323 (4) on page 511, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5323.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/8212358