cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Changes in Spinal Height Supine and Walking in Subjects with and without Lower Back Pain
Creators: name: Gregory, Dave
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: urpose: The purpose of this study was to develop and test a device that could be used in clinical situations to measure spinal height in subjects with lower back pain.

Introduction: Spinal height measurement provides information on the impact of spinal loading on the intervertebral disc. The stadiometer is presently the most accurate device for this purpose but users of the device must be trained to be measured. This excludes untrainable subjects such as those with lower back pain. For this study, a new ins1rument was developed combining aspects of the stadiometer and other devices to produce a simpler method of measurement.

Methods: A sample of 40 subjects with lower back pain were compared to a group of 40 subjects without lower back pain. Five measurements were taken at 4 minute intervals while the subject was in a semi-Fowler's position. Three measurements were then taken at 4 minute intervals while the subject walked. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to assess differences between groups for position and time of measurement effects.

Results: No significant differences were found in spinal height between groups for any of the measurement intervals using the new instrument.

Conclusions: The measuring device, investigated in this study, demonstrated no differences in spinal height between subjects with and without lower back pain when supine and walking.
Non-Linear Dynamic Inversion with Actuator Dynamics: an Incremental Control Perspective
Creators: name: Steffensen, Rasmus
name: Steinert, Agnes
name: Smeur, Ewoud Jan Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we derive a sensor based Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion (NDI) control law for a nonlinear system with first-order linear actuators, and compare it to Incremental Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion (INDI), which has gained popularity in recent years. It is shown that for first-order actuator dynamics, INDI approximates the corresponding NDI control law arbitrarily well under the condition of sufficiently fast actuators. If the actuator bandwidth is low compared to changes in the states, the derived NDI control law has the following advantages compared to INDI: 1) compensation of state derivative terms 2) well defined error dynamics and 3) exact tracking of a reference model, independent of error controller gains in nominal conditions. The comparison of the INDI control law with the well established control design method NDI adds to the understanding of incremental control. It is additionally shown how to quantify the deficiency of the INDI control law with respect to the exact NDI law for actuators with finite bandwidth. The results are confirmed through simulation results of the rolling motion of a fixed wing aircraft.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Local Quench, Majorana Zero Modes, and Disturbance Propagation in the Ising chain
Creators: name: Francica, G.
name: Apollaro, T. J. G.
name: Gullo, N. Lo
name: Plastina, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the generation and propagation of local perturbations in a quantum many-body spin system. In particular, we study the Ising model in transverse field in the presence of a local field defect at one edge. This system possesses a rich phase diagram with different regions characterized by the presence of one or two Majorana zero modes. We show that their localized character {\it i}) enables a characterization of the Ising phase transition through a local-only measurement performed on the edge spin, and {\it ii}) strongly affects the propagation of quasiparticles emitted after the sudden removal of the defect, so that the dynamics of the local magnetization show clear deviations from a ballistic behavior in presence of the Majorana fermions.
description: comments welcome
Understanding European Integration with Bipartite Networks of Comparative Advantage
Creators: name: Di Clemente, Riccardo
name: Lengyel, Balázs
name: Andersson, Lars F.
name: Eriksson, Rikard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Core objectives of European common market integration are convergence and economic growth, but these are hampered by redundancy, and value chain asymmetries. The challenge is how to harmonize labor division to reach global competitiveness, meanwhile bridging productivity differences across the EU. We develop a bipartite network approach to trace pairwise co-specialization, by applying the Revealed Comparative Advantage method, within and between EU15 and Central and Eastern European (CEE). This approach assesses redundancies and division of labor in the EU at the level of industries and countries. We find significant co-specialization among CEE countries but a diverging specialization between EU15 and CEE. Productivity increases in those CEE industries that have co-specialized with other CEE countries after EU accession, while co-specialization across CEE and EU15 countries is less related to productivity growth. These results show that a division of sectoral specialization can lead to productivity convergence between EU15 and CEE countries.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, 6 tables
Charge-changing cross section measurements of 300 MeV/nucleon $^{28}$Si on carbon and data analysis
Creators: name: Wang, Chang-Jian
name: Guo, Ge
name: Ong, Hooi Jin
name: Song, Yu-Nan
name: Sun, Bao-Hua
name: Tanihata, Isao
name: Terashima, Satoru
name: Wei, Xiu-Lin
name: Xu, Jun-Yao
name: Xu, Xiao-Dong
name: Zhang, Ji-Chao
name: Zheng, Yong
name: Zhu, Li-Hua
name: Cao, Yong
name: Li, Guang-Shuai
name: Lu, Chen-Gui
name: Qi, Hao-Tian
name: Qin, Yun
name: Sun, Zhi-Yu
name: Wan, Lu-Ping
name: Wang, Kai-Long
name: Wang, Shi-Tao
name: Wang, Xin-Xu
name: Zhang, Mei-Xue
name: Zhang, Wen-Wen
name: Zhang, Xiao-Bin
name: Zhang, Xue-Heng
name: Zhou, Zi-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge-changing cross section ($σ_{\text{cc}}$) measurements via the transmission method have made important progress recently aiming to determine the charge radii of exotic nuclei. In this work, we report a new $σ_{\text{cc}}$ measurement of 304(9) MeV/nucleon $^{28}$Si on carbon at the second Radioactive Ion Beam Line in Lanzhou (RIBLL2) and describe the data analysis procedure in detail. This procedure is essential to evaluate the systematic uncertainty in the transmission method. The determined $σ_{\mathrm{cc}}$ of 1125(11) mb is found to be consistent with the existing data at similar energies. The present work will serve as a reference in the $σ_{\text{cc}}$ determinations at RIBLL2.
description: 9 pages, 13 figures, to be published in Chinese Physics C
High-Velocity Stars as Probes of Black Hole Populations in Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Battson, Abigail
name: Hénault-Brunet, Vincent
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The dense environment in the cores of globular clusters enables three-body interactions involving a binary system and a single star to occur frequently, which can eject high-velocity stars from the cluster. The velocities of these stars reflect the masses involved in the interactions which accelerated them, making them promising tracers of stellar remnants in globular clusters, particularly the black hole population. In this work, we utilise Gaia DR3 proper motions around a large sample of Milky Way globular clusters to identify candidate high-velocity stars originating from the core of the clusters and disentangle them from contaminants.
Constraining the Intrinsic Binary Orbital Period Distribution in Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Devries, Maigan
name: Hénault-Brunet, Vincent
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Binaries within globular clusters are dynamically affected by their interactions within their host cluster, leaving a lasting signature on their orbital period distribution. As most interactions leading to binary disruption occur during the early evolution of the cluster (when the cluster is densest), by better understanding the intrinsic period distribution at the present day, we can gain insight into the early environment of the cluster. In particular, the hard/soft limit of binaries in the cluster and thus its density at those early times should be imprinted in the right tail of the present-day period distribution. However, this is not a straightforward process as long-period binaries are difficult to detect due to observational biases. To overcome this, we developed a new hierarchical Bayesian method for fitting the period distribution. This method takes multi-epoch radial velocities for stars in the cluster, fits the radial velocity curve for the stars detected as radial-velocity variable, and then uses the posterior samples from these fits to recover the intrinsic distribution of orbital periods, taking into account the time sampling of the observations. We validate the method using mock data and present first results on the globular cluster NGC3201 based on multi-epoch MUSE radial velocities. From this, we can eventually learn more about binaries in globular clusters, globular cluster evolution, and other important topics such as black holes and gravitational waves.
Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk). I. Overview of the Program and First Results
Creators: name: Ohashi, Nagayoshi
name: Tobin, John J.
name: Jørgensen, Jes K.
name: Takakuwa, Shigehisa
name: Sheehan, Patrick
name: Aikawa, Yuri
name: Li, Zhi-Yun
name: Looney, Leslie W.
name: Willians, Jonathan P.
name: Aso, Yusuke
name: Sharma, Rajeeb
name: Sai, Jinshi
name: Yamato, Yoshihide
name: Lee, Jeong-Eun
name: Tomida, Kengo
name: Yen, Hsi-Wei
name: Encalada, Frankie J
name: Flores, Christian
name: Gavino, Sacha
name: Kido, Miyu
name: Han, Ilseung
name: Lin, Zhe-Yu Daniel
name: Narayanan, Suchitra
name: Phuong, Nguyen Thi
name: Santamaría-Miranda, Alejandro
name: Thieme, Travis J.
name: Hoff, Merel L. R. van 't
name: de Gregorio-Monsalvo, Itziar
name: Koch, Patrick M.
name: Kwon, Woojin
name: Lai, Shih-Ping
name: Lee, Chang Won
name: Plunkett, Adele
name: Saigo, Kazuya
name: Hirano, Shingo
name: Lam, Ka Ho
name: Mori, Shoji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an overview of the Large Program, ``Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk)'', conducted with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The ubiquitous detections of substructures, particularly rings and gaps, in protoplanetary disks around T Tauri stars raise the possibility that at least some planet formation may have already started during the embedded stages of star formation. In order to address exactly how and when planet formation is initiated, the program focuses on searching for substructures in disks around 12 Class 0 and 7 Class I protostars in nearby ($< $200 pc) star-forming regions through 1.3 mm continuum observations at a resolution of $\sim7$ au (0.04"). The initial results show that the continuum emission, mostly arising from dust disks around the sample protostars, has relatively few distinctive substructures, such as rings and spirals, in marked contrast to Class II disks. The dramatic difference may suggest that substructures quickly develop in disks when the systems evolve from protostars to Class II sources or alternatively that high optical depth of the continuum emission could obscure internal structures. Kinematic information obtained through CO isotopologue lines and other lines reveals the presence of Keplerian disks around protostars, providing us with crucial physical parameters, in particular, the dynamical mass of the central protostars. We describe the background of the eDisk program, the sample selection and their ALMA observations, the data reduction, and also highlight representative first-look results.
description: This is a publication of a series of eDisk ALMA large program first-look papers
MPEC 2023-R223 : 2023 RA10
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 RA10

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Modelling Void Abundance in Modified Gravity
Creators: name: Voivodic, Rodrigo
name: Lima, Marcos
name: Llinares, Claudio
name: Mota, David F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a spherical model and an extended excursion set formalism with drifting diffusive barriers to predict the abundance of cosmic voids in the context of general relativity as well as f(R) and symmetron models of modified gravity. We detect spherical voids from a suite of N-body simulations of these gravity theories and compare the measured void abundance to theory predictions. We find that our model correctly describes the abundance of both dark matter and galaxy voids, providing a better fit than previous proposals in the literature based on static barriers. We use the simulation abundance results to fit for the abundance model free parameters as a function of modified gravity parameters, and show that counts of dark matter voids can provide interesting constraints on modified gravity. For galaxy voids, more closely related to optical observations, we find that constraining modified gravity from void abundance alone may be significantly more challenging. In the context of current and upcoming galaxy surveys, the combination of void and halo statistics including their abundances, profiles and correlations should be effective in distinguishing modified gravity models that display different screening mechanisms.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, submitted to PRD
Exploiting coherence for quantum thermodynamic advantage
Creators: name: Hammam, Kenza
name: Leitch, Heather
name: Hassouni, Yassine
name: De Chiara, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The introduction of the quantum analogue of a Carnot engine based on a bath comprising of particles with a small amount of coherence initiated an active line of research on the harnessing of different quantum resources for the enhancement of thermal machines beyond the standard reversible limit, with an emphasis on non-thermal baths containing quantum coherence. In our work, we investigate the impact of coherence on the thermodynamic tasks of a collision model which is composed of a system interacting, in the continuous time limit, with a series of coherent ancillas of two baths at different temperatures. Our results show the advantages of utilising coherence as a resource in the operation of the machine, and allows it: (i) to exhibit unconventional behaviour such as the appearance of a hybrid refrigerator, capable of simultaneous refrigeration and generation of work, and (ii) to function as an engine or a refrigerator with efficiencies larger than the Carnot bound. Moreover, we find an effective upper bound to the efficiency of the thermal machine operating as an engine in the presence of a coherent reservoir.
description: Accepted version
Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk) III: A first high-resolution view of sub-mm continuum and molecular line emission toward the Class 0 protostar L1527 IRS
Creators: name: Hoff, Merel L. R. van 't
name: Tobin, John J.
name: Li, Zhi-Yun
name: Ohashi, Nagayoshi
name: Jørgensen, Jes K.
name: Lin, Zhe-Yu Daniel
name: Aikawa, Yuri
name: Aso, Yusuke
name: de Gregorio-Monsalvo, Itziar
name: Gavino, Sacha
name: Han, Ilseung
name: Koch, Patrick M.
name: Kwon, Woojin
name: Lee, Chang Won
name: Lee, Jeong-Eun
name: Looney, Leslie W.
name: Narayanan, Suchitra
name: Plunkett, Adele
name: Sai, Jinshi
name: Santamaría-Miranda, Alejandro
name: Sharma, Rajeeb
name: Sheehan, Patrick D.
name: Takakuwa, Shigehisa
name: Thieme, Travis J.
name: Williams, Jonathan P.
name: Lai, Shih-Ping
name: Phuong, Nguyen Thi
name: Yen, Hsi-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studying the physical and chemical conditions of young embedded disks is crucial to constrain the initial conditions for planet formation. Here, we present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of dust continuum at $\sim$0.06" (8 au) resolution and molecular line emission at $\sim$0.17" (24 au) resolution toward the Class 0 protostar L1527 IRS from the Large Program eDisk (Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks). The continuum emission is smooth without substructures, but asymmetric along both the major and minor axes of the disk as previously observed. The detected lines of $^{12}$CO, $^{13}$CO, C$^{18}$O, H$_2$CO, c-C$_3$H$_2$, SO, SiO, and DCN trace different components of the protostellar system, with a disk wind potentially visible in $^{12}$CO. The $^{13}$CO brightness temperature and the H$_2$CO line ratio confirm that the disk is too warm for CO freeze out, with the snowline located at $\sim$350 au in the envelope. Both molecules show potential evidence of a temperature increase around the disk-envelope interface. SO seems to originate predominantly in UV-irradiated regions such as the disk surface and the outflow cavity walls rather than at the disk-envelope interface as previously suggested. Finally, the continuum asymmetry along the minor axis is consistent with the inclination derived from the large-scale (100" or 14,000 au) outflow, but opposite to that based on the molecular jet and envelope emission, suggesting a misalignment in the system. Overall, these results highlight the importance of observing multiple molecular species in multiple transitions to characterize the physical and chemical environment of young disks.
description: 27 pages, 16 figures, 2 tables, 10 pages appendix with 12 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ as one of the first-look papers of the eDisk ALMA Large Program
The QCD equation of state at finite density from analytical continuation
Creators: name: Gunther, J.
name: Bellwied, R.
name: Borsanyi, S.
name: Fodor, Z.
name: Katz, S. D.
name: Pasztor, A.
name: Ratti, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the equation of state of QCD at finite chemical potential, to order $(μ_B/T)^6$, for a system of 2+1 quark flavors. The simulations are performed at the physical mass for the light and strange quarks on several lattice spacings; the results are continuum extrapolated using lattices of up to $N_t=16$ temporal resolution. The QCD pressure and interaction measure are calculated along the isentropic trajectories in the $(T,~μ_B)$ plane corresponding to the RHIC Beam Energy Scan collision energies. Their behavior is determined through analytic continuation from imaginary chemical potentials of the baryonic density. We also determine the Taylor expansion coefficients around $μ_B=0$ from the simulations at imaginary chemical potentials. Strangeness neutrality and charge conservation are imposed, to match the experimental conditions.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Bulk-edge correspondence in the trimer Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model
Creators: name: Anastasiadis, Adamantios
name: Styliaris, Georgios
name: Chaunsali, Rajesh
name: Theocharis, Georgios
name: Diakonos, Fotios K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A remarkable feature of the trimer Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH3) model is that it supports localized edge states. Although Zak's phase remains quantized for the case of a mirror-symmetric chain, it is known that it fails to take integer values in the absence of this symmetry and thus it cannot play the role of a well-defined bulk invariant in the general case. Attempts to establish a bulk-edge correspondence have been made via Green's functions or through extensions to a synthetic dimension. Here we propose a simple alternative for SSH3, utilizing the previously introduced sublattice Zak's phase, which also remains valid in the absence of mirror symmetry and for non-commensurate chains. The defined bulk quantity takes integer values, is gauge invariant, and can be interpreted as the difference of the number of edge states between a reference and a target Hamiltonian. Our derivation further predicts the exact corrections for finite open chains, is straightforwadly generalizable, and invokes a chiral-like symmetry present in this model.
description: 11 pages + 5 pages Appendix, 9 figures, comments welcome
Steady-state skewness and kurtosis from renormalized cumulants in $(2+1)$-dimensional stochastic surface growth
Creators: name: Singha, Tapas
name: Nandy, Malay K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenon of stochastic growth of a surface on a two-dimensional substrate occurs in Nature in a variety of circumstances and its statistical characterization requires the study of higher order cumulants. Here, we consider the statistical cumulants of height fluctuations governed by the $(2+1)$-dimensional KPZ equation for flat geometry. We follow a diagrammatic scheme to derive the expressions for renormalized cumulants up to fourth order in the stationary state. Assuming a value for the roughness exponent from reliable numerical predictions, we calculate the second, third and fourth cumulants, yielding skewness $S=0.2879$ and kurtosis $Q=0.1995$. These values agree well with the available numerical estimations.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures, version accepted in J. Stat. Mech. for publication
Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks (eDisk). IV. The Ringed and Warped Structure of the Disk around the Class I Protostar L1489 IRS
Creators: name: Yamato, Yoshihide
name: Aikawa, Yuri
name: Ohashi, Nagayoshi
name: Tobin, John J.
name: Jørgensen, Jes K.
name: Takakuwa, Shigehisa
name: Aso, Yusuke
name: Sai, Jinshi
name: Flores, Christian
name: de Gregorio-Monsalvo, Itziar
name: Hirano, Shingo
name: Han, Ilseung
name: Kido, Miyu
name: Koch, Patrick M.
name: Kwon, Woojin
name: Lai, Shih-Ping
name: Lee, Chang Won
name: Lee, Jeong-Eun
name: Li, Zhi-Yun
name: Lin, Zhe-Yu Daniel
name: Looney, Leslie W.
name: Mori, Shoji
name: Narayanan, Suchitra
name: Phuong, Nguyen Thi
name: Saigo, Kazuya
name: Santamaría-Miranda, Alejandro
name: Sharma, Rajeeb
name: Thieme, Travis J.
name: Tomida, Kengo
name: Hoff, Merel L. R. van 't
name: Yen, Hsi-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Constraining the physical and chemical structure of young embedded disks is crucial to understanding the earliest stages of planet formation. As part of the Early Planet Formation in Embedded Disks Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Large Program, we present high spatial resolution ($\sim$0$.\!\!^{\prime\prime}$1 or $\sim$15 au) observations of the 1.3 mm continuum and $^{13}$CO $J=$ 2-1, C$^{18}$O $J=$ 2-1, and SO $J_N=$ $6_5$-$5_4$ molecular lines toward the disk around the Class I protostar L1489 IRS. The continuum emission shows a ring-like structure at 56 au from the central protostar and a tenuous, optically thin emission extending beyond $\sim$300 au. The $^{13}$CO emission traces the warm disk surface, while the C$^{18}$O emission originates from near the disk midplane. The coincidence of the radial emission peak of C$^{18}$O with the dust ring may indicate a gap-ring structure in the gaseous disk as well. The SO emission shows a highly complex distribution, including a compact, prominent component at $\lesssim$30 au, which is likely to originate from thermally sublimated SO molecules. The compact SO emission also shows a velocity gradient along a slightly ($\sim15^\circ$) tilted direction with respect to the major axis of the dust disk, which we interpret as an inner warped disk in addition to the warp around $\sim$200 au suggested by previous work. These warped structures may be formed by a planet or companion with an inclined orbit, or by a gradual change in the angular momentum axis during gas infall.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal as one of the first-look papers of the eDisk ALMA Large Program
Introduction to the combinatorial atlas
Creators: name: Chan, Swee Hong
name: Pak, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give elementary self-contained proofs of the strong Mason conjecture recently proved by Anari at. al. (arXiv:1811.01600) and Brändén--Huh (arXiv:1902.03719), and of the classical Alexandrov--Fenchel inequality. Both proofs use the combinatorial atlas technology recently introduced by the authors (arXiv:2110.10740). We also give a formal relationship between combinatorial atlases and Lorentzian polynomials.
description: 28 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2110.10740
A method to decrease the harmonic distortion in Mn-Zn ferrite/PZT and Ni-Zn ferrite/PZT layered composite rings exhibiting high magnetoelectric effects
Creators: name: Loyau, V.
name: Morin, V.
name: Fortineau, J.
name: Lobue, M.
name: Mazaleyrat, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the magnetoelectric (ME) effect in layered composite rings subjected to circumferential AC magnetic fields and DC magnetic fields in radial, axial or circumferential directions. Bilayer samples were obtained combining different grades of commercial Mn-Zn ferrites or Ni-Zn ferrites with commercial lead zirconate titanate (PZT). Mn-Zn ferrites with low magnetostriction saturation () and low magneto-crystalline anisotropy constants show high ME capabilities when associated with PZT in ring structures. In certain conditions, these ME effects are higher than those obtained with Terfenol-D/PZT composites in the same layered ring structure. Magnetostrictive and mechanical characterizations have given results that explain these high ME performances. Nevertheless, Mn-Zn ferrite/PZT composites exhibit voltages responses with low linearity especially at high signal level. Based on the particular structure of the ME device, a method to decrease the nonlinear harmonic distortion of the ME voltages is proposed. Harmonic distortion analysis of ME voltages measured in different configurations allows us to explain the phenomenon.
Measurement of the scaling slope of compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence by synchrotron radiation statistics
Creators: name: Xue-Wen, Zhang
name: Jian-Fu, Zhang
name: Ru-Yue, Wang
name: Fu-Yuan, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on magnetohydrodynamic turbulence simulations, we generate synthetic synchrotron observations to explore the scaling slope of the underlying MHD turbulence. We propose the new $Q$-$U$ cross intensity $X$ and cross-correlation intensity $Y$ to measure the spectral properties of magnetic turbulence, together with statistics of the traditional synchrotron $I$ and polarization $PI$ intensities. By exploring the statistical behavior of these diagnostics, we find that the new statistics $X$ and $Y$ can extend the inertial range of turbulence to improve measurement reliability. When focusing on different Alfv{é}nic and sonic turbulence regimes, our results show that the diagnostics proposed in this paper not only reveal the spectral properties of the magnetic turbulence but also gain insight into the individual plasma modes of compressible MHD turbulence. The synergy of multiple statistical methods can extract more reliable turbulence information from the huge amount of observation data from the Low-Frequency Array for Radio astronomy and the Square Kilometer Array.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Optimal non-circular fiber geometries for image scrambling in high-resolution spectrographs
Creators: name: Stürmer, Julian
name: Schwab, Christian
name: Grimm, Stephan
name: Kalide, Andre
name: Sutherland, Adam P.
name: Seifahrt, Andreas
name: Schuster, Kay
name: Bean, Jacob L.
name: Quirrenbach, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical fibers are a key component for high-resolution spectrographs to attain high precision in radial velocity measurements. We present a custom fiber with a novel core geometry - a 'D'-shape. From a theoretical standpoint, such a fiber should provide superior scrambling and modal noise mitigation, since unlike the commonly used circular and polygonal fiber cross sections, it shows chaotic scrambling. We report on the fabrication process of a test fiber and compare the optical properties, scrambling performance, and modal noise behavior of the D-fiber with those of common polygonal fibers.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, submitted to SPIE Astronomical Telescopes & Instrumentation 2016 (9912-192)
Measurement of the $^1S_0$ neutron-neutron effective range in neutron-deuteron breakup
Creators: name: Malone, R. C.
name: Crowell, A. S.
name: Cumberbatch, L. C.
name: Fallin, B. A.
name: Friesen, F. Q. L.
name: Howell, C. R.
name: Malone, C. R.
name: Ticehurst, D. R.
name: Tornow, W.
name: Markoff, D. M.
name: Crowe, B. J.
name: Witała, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the most precise determination of the $^{1}S_{0}$ neutron-neutron effective range parameter ($r_{nn}$) from neutron-neutron quasifree scattering in neutron-deuteron breakup. The experiment setup utilized a collimated beam of 15.5 MeV neutrons and an array of eight neutron detectors positioned at angles sensitive to several quasifree scattering kinematic configurations. The two neutrons emitted from the breakup reaction were detected in coincidence and time-of-flight techniques were used to determine their energies. The beam-target luminosity was measured in-situ with the yields from neutron-deuteron elastic scattering. Rigorous Faddeev-type calculations using the CD Bonn nucleon-nucleon potential were fit to our cross-section data to determine the value of $r_{nn}$. The analysis was repeated using a semilocal momentum-space regularized N$^4$LO$^+$ chiral interaction potential. We obtained values of $r_{nn} = 2.86 \pm 0.01 \,(stat) \pm 0.10 \,(sys)$ fm and $r_{nn} = 2.87 \pm 0.01 \,(stat) \pm 0.10 \,(sys)$ fm using the CD Bonn and N$^4$LO$^+$ potentials, respectively. Our results are consistent with charge symmetry and previously reported values of $r_{nn}$.
description: Ver 1: 6 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables; Submitted to Phys Lett B; Ver 2: 8 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables; Changes: 1. Figure 2 plots neutron energy instead of time-of-flight and shows kinematic locus for clarity. Plot true coincidence spectra instead of raw and accidental coincidence spectra. 2. Figure 3 vertical instead of horizontal. 3. Minor text changes for clarity
Morpho-kinematic and photoionization models of the multipolar structures in planetary nebula NGC 6572
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Rahul
name: Das, Ramkrishna
name: Parthasarathy, Mudumba
name: Kar, Subhajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the planetary nebula (PN) NGC 6572 through 3D morpho-kinematic and photoionization modelling. The 3D morphology is reconstructed from the Hubble Space Telescope images in different narrow band filters and position-velocity spectra. The PN have a multipolar morphology consisting of highly collimated outflows. The nebular image show signatures of multiple lobes within a spiral-ring-like structure. The multipolar structure is modelled with two bipolar shells (axes ratios 5.5:1 and 3:1), having closed and opened lobes, respectively. A toroidal structure (radius:height = 1:3) surrounds the shells at the waist. The toroidal axis aligns with the major axes of the bipolar shells. Our study reveals the nebula to have a history of collimated polar outflow perpendicular to a higher density equatorial wind with the outflow seemingly have episodes of changing direction of ejection. We construct a photoionization model of NGC 6572 using the deep optical spectra obtained at the 2 m Himalayan Chandra Telescope. For the photoionization model, we configure the input shell geometry in form of a highly bipolar nebular shell with reference to the 3D morphology. Our photoionization model satisfactorily reproduces the observables. We estimate the nebular elemental abundances, and important characteristic parameters of the central star (e.g., effective temperature, luminosity, gravity, mass, etc.) and the nebula (e.g., hydrogen density profiles, radii, etc.). We compare the resolved H$β$, [O III], and [N II] profiles in the 4.2 m William Herschel Telescope with that from the photoionization model and find a good characteristic match.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, 6 tables
X-ray outflows of active galactic nuclei warm absorbers: A 900 ks Chandra simulated spectrum
Creators: name: Ramirez-Velasquez, J. M.
name: Garcia, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the performance of the statistical, X-ray absorption lines identification procedure XLINE-ID. As illustration, it is used to estimate the time averaged gas density $n_H(r)$ of a representative AGN's warm absorber ($T\approx 10^5$~K) X-ray simulated spectrum. The method relies on three key ingredients: (1) a well established emission continuum level; (2) a robust grid of photoionisation models spanning several orders of magnitude in gas density ($n_H$), plasma column density ($N_H$), and in ionization states; (3) theoretical curves of growth for a large set of atomic lines. By comparing theoretical and observed equivalent widths of a large set of lines, spanning highly ionized charge states from O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ar, and the Fe L-shell and K-shell, we are able to infer the location of the X-ray warm absorber.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures. Accepted in book: Recent Advances in Fluid Dynamics with Environmental Applications, pp.391-409
Signatures of Flux Tube Fragmentation and Strangeness Correlations in pp Collisions
Creators: name: Wong, Cheuk-Yin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the fragmentation of a color flux tube in high-energy $pp$ collisions or $e^+$-$e^-$ annihilations, the production of $q$-$\bar q$ pairs along a color flux tube precedes the fragmentation of the tube. The local conservation laws in the production of these $q$-$\bar q$ pairs will lead to the correlations of adjacently produced hadrons. As a consequence, the fragmentation of a flux tube will yield a many-hadron correlation in the form of a chain of hadrons ordered in rapidity, with adjacent hadrons correlated in charges, flavor contents, and azimuthal angles. It will also lead to a two-hadron angular correlation between two hadrons with opposite charges or strangeness that is suppressed at $Δϕ\sim 0$ but enhanced at $Δϕ\sim π$, within a rapidity window $Δy $$\sim$$1/(dN/dy)$.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, talk presented at 16th International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter, Berkeley, USA, June 27 to July 1, 2016
Magnetoelectric effect in layered ferrite/PZT composites. Study of the demagnetizing effect on the magnetoelectric behavior
Creators: name: Loyau, V.
name: Morin, V.
name: Chaplier, G.
name: Lobue, M.
name: Mazaleyrat, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the use of high magnetomechanical coupling ferrites in magnetoelectric (ME) layered composites. Bilayer samples combining $(Ni_{0.973} Co_{0.027})_{1-x} Zn_x Fe_2 O_4$ ferrites ($x = 0-0.5$) synthesized by non conventional reactive Spark Plasma Sintering and commercial lead zirconate titanate (PZT) were characterized in term of ME voltage coefficients measured at sub-resonant frequency. Strong ME effects are obtained and we show that an annealing at 1000$^\circ$C and a quenching in air improve the piezomagnetic behavior of Zn-rich compositions. A theoretical model that predicts the ME behavior was developed, focusing our work on the demagnetizing effects in the transversal mode as well as the longitudinal mode. The model shows that: (i) high ME coefficients are obtained when ferrites with high magnetomechanical coupling are used in bilayer ME composites, (ii) the ME behavior in transversal and longitudinal modes is quite similar, and differences in the shapes of the ME curves are mainly due the demagnetizing effects, (iii) in the transversal mode, the magnetic field penetration depends on the ferrite layer thickness and the ME coefficient is affected accordingly. The two later points are confirmed by measurements on ME samples and calculations. Performances of the ME composites made with high magnetomechanical coupling ferrites are compared to those obtained using Terfenol-D materials in the same conditions of size, shape, and volume ratio. It appears that a ferrite with an optimized composition has performances comparable to those obtained with Terfenol-D material. Nevertheless, the fabrication processes of ferrites are quite simpler. Finally, a ferrite/PZT based ME composite was used as a current sensor.
Strong field ionization and gauge dependence of nonlocal potentials
Creators: name: Rensink, T. C.
name: Antonsen, T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlocal potential models have been used in place of the Coulomb potential in the Schrodinger equation as an efficient means of exploring high field laser-atom interaction in previous works. Al- though these models have found use in modeling phenomena including photo-ionization and ejected electron momentum spectra, they are known to break electromagnetic gauge invariance. This paper examines if there is a preferred gauge for the linear field response and photoionization characteristics of nonlocal atomic binding potentials in the length and velocity gauges. It is found that the length gauge is preferable for a wide range of parameters.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
A close-in giant planet escapes engulfment by its star
Creators: name: Hon, Marc
name: Huber, Daniel
name: Rui, Nicholas Z.
name: Fuller, Jim
name: Veras, Dimitri
name: Kuszlewicz, James S.
name: Kochukhov, Oleg
name: Stokholm, Amalie
name: Rørsted, Jakob Lysgaard
name: Yıldız, Mutlu
name: Orhan, Zeynep Çelik
name: Örtel, Sibel
name: Jiang, Chen
name: Hey, Daniel R.
name: Isaacson, Howard
name: Zhang, Jingwen
name: Vrard, Mathieu
name: Stassun, Keivan G.
name: Shappee, Benjamin J.
name: Tayar, Jamie
name: Claytor, Zachary R.
name: Beard, Corey
name: Bedding, Timothy R.
name: Brinkman, Casey
name: Campante, Tiago L.
name: Chaplin, William J.
name: Chontos, Ashley
name: Giacalone, Steven
name: Holcomb, Rae
name: Howard, Andrew W.
name: Lubin, Jack
name: MacDougall, Mason
name: Montet, Benjamin T.
name: Murphy, Joseph M. A.
name: Ong, Joel
name: Pidhorodetska, Daria
name: Polansk, Alex S.
name: Rice, Malena
name: Stello, Dennis
name: Tyler, Dakotah
name: Van Zandt, Judah
name: Weiss, Lauren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When main-sequence stars expand into red giants, they are expected to engulf close-in planets. Until now, the absence of planets with short orbital periods around post-expansion, core-helium-burning red giants has been interpreted as evidence that short-period planets around Sun-like stars do not survive the giant expansion phase of their host stars. Here we present the discovery that the giant planet 8 Ursae Minoris b orbits a core-helium-burning red giant. At a distance of only 0.5 au from its host star, the planet would have been engulfed by its host star, which is predicted by standard single-star evolution to have previously expanded to a radius of 0.7 au. Given the brief lifetime of helium-burning giants, the nearly circular orbit of the planet is challenging to reconcile with scenarios in which the planet survives by having a distant orbit initially. Instead, the planet may have avoided engulfment through a stellar merger that either altered the evolution of the host star or produced 8 Ursae Minoris b as a second-generation planet. This system shows that core-helium-burning red giants can harbour close planets and provides evidence for the role of non-canonical stellar evolution in the extended survival of late-stage exoplanetary systems.
description: Published in Nature on 28 June 2023. In press
MCD64A1 Burnt Area Dataset Assessment using Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 on Google Earth Engine: A Case Study in Rompin, Pahang in Malaysia
Creators: name: Chew, Yee Jian
name: Ooi, Shih Yin
name: Pang, Ying Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This research paper intends to explore the suitability of adopting the MCD64A1 product to detect burnt areas using Google Earth Engine (GEE) in Peninsular Malaysia. The primary aim of this study is to find out if the MCD64A1 is adequate to identify the small-scale fire in Peninsular Malaysia. To evaluate the MCD64A1, a fire that was instigated in Rompin, a district of Pahang on March 2021 has been chosen as the case study in this work. Although several other burnt area datasets had also been made available in GEE, only MCD64A1 is selected due to its temporal availability. In the absence of validation information associated with the fire from the Malaysian government, public news sources are utilized to retrieve details related to the fire in Rompin. Additionally, the MCD64A1 is also validated with the burnt area observed from the true color imagery produced from the surface reflectance of Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8. From the burnt area assessment, we scrutinize that the MCD64A1 product is practical to be exploited to discover the historical fire in Peninsular Malaysia. However, additional case studies involving other locations in Peninsular Malaysia are advocated to be carried out to substantiate the claims discussed in this work.
description: 13th IEEE Symposium on Computer Applications & Industrial Electronics (ISCAIE 2023) - Accepted on 29 March 2023
Optical determination of the Neel vector in a CuMnAs thin-film antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Saidl, V.
name: Nemec, P.
name: Wadley, P.
name: Hills, V.
name: Campion, R. P.
name: Novak, V.
name: Edmonds, K. W.
name: Maccherozzi, F.
name: Dhesi, S. S.
name: Gallagher, B. L.
name: Trojanek, F.
name: Kunes, J.
name: Zelezny, J.
name: Maly, P.
name: Jungwirth, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent breakthroughs in electrical detection and manipulation of antiferromagnets have opened a new avenue in the research of non-volatile spintronic devices. Antiparallel spin sublattices in antiferromagnets, producing zero dipolar fields, lead to the insensitivity to magnetic field perturbations, multi-level stability, ultra-fast spin dynamics and other favorable characteristics which may find utility in fields ranging from magnetic memories to optical signal processing. However, the absence of a net magnetic moment and the ultra-short magnetization dynamics timescales make antiferromagnets notoriously difficult to study by common magnetometers or magnetic resonance techniques. In this paper we demonstrate the experimental determination of the Neel vector in a thin film of antiferromagnetic CuMnAs which is the prominent material used in the first realization of antiferromagnetic memory chips. We employ a femtosecond pump-probe magneto-optical experiment based on magnetic linear dichroism. This table-top optical method is considerably more accessible than the traditionally employed large scale facility techniques like neutron diffraction and X-ray magnetic dichroism measurements. This optical technique allows an unambiguous direct determination of the Neel vector orientation in thin antiferromagnetic films utilized in devices directly from measured data without fitting to a theoretical model.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Hilbert space shattering and dynamical freezing in the quantum Ising model
Creators: name: Hart, Oliver
name: Nandkishore, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss quantum dynamics in the transverse field Ising model in two spatial dimensions. We show that, up to a prethermal timescale, which we quantify, the Hilbert space 'shatters' into dynamically disconnected subsectors. We identify this shattering as originating from the interplay of a $\mathrm{U}(1)$ conservation law and a one-form $\mathbb{Z}_2$ constraint. We show that the number of dynamically disconnected sectors is exponential in system volume, and includes a subspace exponential in system volume within which the dynamics is exactly localized, even in the absence of quenched disorder. Depending on the emergent sector in which we work, the shattering can be weak (such that typical initial conditions thermalize with respect to their emergent symmetry sector), or strong (such that typical initial conditions exhibit localized dynamics). We present analytical and numerical evidence that a first order-like 'freezing transition' between weak and strong shattering occurs as a function of the symmetry sector, in a non-standard thermodynamic limit. We further numerically show that on the 'weak' (melted) side of the transition domain wall dynamics follows ordinary diffusion.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures; analytical description of the transition added in v2