cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MINIROCKET: A Very Fast (Almost) Deterministic Transform for Time Series Classification
Creators: name: Dempster, Angus
name: Schmidt, Daniel F.
name: Webb, Geoffrey I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Until recently, the most accurate methods for time series classification were limited by high computational complexity. ROCKET achieves state-of-the-art accuracy with a fraction of the computational expense of most existing methods by transforming input time series using random convolutional kernels, and using the transformed features to train a linear classifier. We reformulate ROCKET into a new method, MINIROCKET, making it up to 75 times faster on larger datasets, and making it almost deterministic (and optionally, with additional computational expense, fully deterministic), while maintaining essentially the same accuracy. Using this method, it is possible to train and test a classifier on all of 109 datasets from the UCR archive to state-of-the-art accuracy in less than 10 minutes. MINIROCKET is significantly faster than any other method of comparable accuracy (including ROCKET), and significantly more accurate than any other method of even roughly-similar computational expense. As such, we suggest that MINIROCKET should now be considered and used as the default variant of ROCKET.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures; Updated to accepted version
Generic Properties of Koopman Eigenfunctions for Stable Fixed Points and Periodic Orbits
Creators: name: Kvalheim, Matthew D.
name: Hong, David
name: Revzen, Shai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37C20, 37C05, 37C10, 37C15, 37C27, 34C15, 34C20, 37D99

description: Our recent work established existence and uniqueness results for $\mathcal{C}^{k,α}_{\text{loc}}$ globally defined linearizing semiconjugacies for $\mathcal{C}^1$ flows having a globally attracting hyperbolic fixed point or periodic orbit (Kvalheim and Revzen, 2019). Applications include (i) improvements, such as uniqueness statements, for the Sternberg linearization and Floquet normal form theorems; (ii) results concerning the existence, uniqueness, classification, and convergence of various quantities appearing in the "applied Koopmanism" literature, such as principal eigenfunctions, isostables, and Laplace averages. In this work we give an exposition of some of these results, with an emphasis on the Koopmanism applications, and consider their broadness of applicability. In particular we show that, for "almost all" $\mathcal{C}^\infty$ flows having a globally attracting hyperbolic fixed point or periodic orbit, the $\mathcal{C}^\infty$ Koopman eigenfunctions can be completely classified, generalizing a result known for analytic systems. For such systems, every $\mathcal{C}^\infty$ eigenfunction is uniquely determined by its eigenvalue modulo scalar multiplication.
description: Version accepted to MTNS
The value of urinary interleukin-18 in predicting acute kidney injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Qin, Zheng
name: Li, Hancong
name: Jiao, Pengcheng
name: Jiang, Luojia
name: Geng, Jiwen
name: Yang, Qinbo
name: Liao, Ruoxi
name: Su, Baihai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: The aim of this study was to systematically review relevant studies to evaluate the value of urinary interleukin-18 (uIL-18) in predicting acute kidney injury (AKI). A comprehensive search of PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library was conducted for literature published up to 1 August 2022. Quality Assessment Tool for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) was applied to assess the literature quality. Then, relevant data were extracted from each eligible study and a random-effects regression model was utilized to pool sensitivity, specificity, and construct summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) and area under curve (AUC). Twenty-six studies with 7183 patients were enrolled and relevant information was extracted. The estimated sensitivity and specificity of uIL-18 in the diagnosis of AKI were 0.64 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.54–0.73) and 0.77 (95%CI: 0.71–0.83), respectively. The pooled diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 6.08 (95%CI: 3.63–10.18), and the AUC of uIL-18 in predicting AKI was 0.78 (95%CI: 0.74–0.81). Subgroup analysis showed that uIL-18 in pediatric patients was more effective in predicting AKI than in adults (DOR: 7.33 versus 5.75; AUC: 0.81 versus 0.77). Urinary IL-18 could be a relatively good biomarker with moderate predictive value for AKI, especially in pediatric patients. However, further research and clinical settings are still needed to validate our findings.
Animal and plant protein intake during infancy and childhood DNA methylation: a meta-analysis in the NutriPROGRAM consortium
Creators: name: Sharkawy, Mohammed El
name: Felix, Janine F.
name: Grote, Veit
name: Voortman, Trudy
name: Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.
name: Koletzko, Berthold
name: Küpers, Leanne K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Higher early-life animal protein intake is associated with a higher childhood obesity risk compared to plant protein intake. Differential DNA methylation may represent an underlying mechanism. We analysed associations of infant animal and plant protein intakes with DNA methylation in early (2−6 years, N = 579) and late (7̄−12 years, N = 604) childhood in two studies. Study-specific robust linear regression models adjusted for relevant confounders were run, and then meta-analysed using a fixed-effects model. We also performed sex-stratified meta-analyses. Follow-up analyses included pathway analysis and eQTM look-up. Infant animal protein intake was not associated with DNA methylation in early childhood, but was associated with late-childhood DNA methylation at cg21300373 (P = 4.27 × 10¯8, MARCHF1) and cg10633363 (P = 1.09 × 10¯7, HOXB9) after FDR correction. Infant plant protein intake was associated with early-childhood DNA methylation at cg25973293 (P = 2.26 × 10−7, C1orf159) and cg15407373 (P = 2.13 × 10−7, MBP) after FDR correction. There was no overlap between the findings from the animal and plant protein analyses. We did not find enriched functional pathways at either time point using CpGs associated with animal and plant protein. These CpGs were not previously associated with childhood gene expression. Sex-stratified meta-analyses showed sex-specific DNA methylation associations for both animal and plant protein intake. Infant animal protein intake was associated with DNA methylation at two CpGs in late childhood. Infant plant protein intake was associated with DNA methylation in early childhood at two CpGs. A potential mediating role of DNA methylation at these CpGs between infant protein intake and health outcomes requires further investigation.
Measurement Error in Meta-Analysis (MEMA) -- a Bayesian framework for continuous outcome data
Creators: name: Campbell, Harlan
name: de Jong, Valentijn M. T.
name: Maxwell, Lauren
name: Debray, Thomas P. A.
name: Jaenisch, Thomas
name: Gustafson, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ideally, a meta-analysis will summarize data from several unbiased studies. Here we consider the less than ideal situation in which contributing studies may be compromised by measurement error. Measurement error affects every study design, from randomized controlled trials to retrospective observational studies. We outline a flexible Bayesian framework for continuous outcome data which allows one to obtain appropriate point and interval estimates with varying degrees of prior knowledge about the magnitude of the measurement error. We also demonstrate how, if individual-participant data (IPD) are available, the Bayesian meta-analysis model can adjust for multiple participant-level covariates, measured with or without measurement error.
The Anisotropic Distribution of Galactic Satellites
Creators: name: Zentner, Andrew R.
name: Kravtsov, Andrey V.
name: Gnedin, Oleg Y.
name: Klypin, Anatoly A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the spatial distribution of subhalos in galactic dark matter halos using dissipationless cosmological simulations of the concordance LCDM model. We find that subhalos are distributed anisotropically and are preferentially located along the major axes of the triaxial mass distributions of their hosts. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov probability for drawing our simulated subhalo sample from an isotropic distribution is P_KS \simeq 1.5 \times 10^{-4}. An isotropic distribution of subhalos is thus not the correct null hypothesis for testing the CDM paradigm. The nearly planar distribution of observed Milky Way (MW) satellites is marginally consistent (probability \simeq 0.02) with being drawn randomly from the subhalo distribution in our simulations. Furthermore, if we select the subhalos likely to be luminous, we find a distribution that is consistent with the observed MW satellites. In fact, we show that subsamples of the subhalo population with a centrally-concentrated radial distribution, similar to that of the MW dwarfs, typically exhibit a comparable degree of planarity. We explore the origin of the observed subhalo anisotropy and conclude that it is likely due to (1) preferential accretion of subhalos along filaments, often closely aligned with the major axis of the host halo, and (2) evolution of satellite orbits within the prolate, triaxial potentials typical of CDM halos. Agreement between predictions and observations requires the major axis of the outer dark matter halo of the Milky Way to be nearly perpendicular to the disk. We discuss possible observational tests of such disk-halo alignment with current large galaxy surveys.
description: 14 pages (including appendix), 9 figures. Accepted for Publication in ApJ. Minor changes to reflect referee's comments
Large Rapidity Gap Processes in Proton-Nucleus Collisions
Creators: name: Kopeliovich, B. Z.
name: Potashnikova, I. K.
name: Schmidt, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cross sections for a variety of channels of proton-nucleus interaction associated with large gaps in rapidity are calculated within the Glauber-Gribov theory. We found inelastic shadowing corrections to be dramatically enhanced for such events. We employ the light-cone dipole formalism which allows to calculate the inelastic corrections to all orders of the multiple interaction. Although Gribov corrections are known to make nuclear matter more transparent, we demonstrate that in some instances they lead to an opaqueness. Numerical calculations are performed for the energies of the HERA-B experiment, and the RHIC-LHC colliders.
description: 19 pages
Air Entrapment and its effect on Pressure Impulses in the slamming of a Flat Disc on Water
Creators: name: Jain, Utkarsh
name: Vega-Martínez, Patricia
name: van der Meer, Devaraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of ambient air in liquid-slamming events plays a crucial role in influencing the shape of the liquid surface prior to the impact, and the distribution of loads created upon impact. We study the effect of trapped air on impact loads in a simplified geometry, by slamming a horizontal flat disc onto a stationary water bath at a well-controlled velocity. We show how air trapping influences pressure peaks at different radial locations on the disc, how the pressure impulses are affected, and how local pressure impulses differ from those obtained from area-integrated (force) impulses at impact. More specifically, we find that the air layer causes a gradual buildup of the load before the peak value is reached, and show that this buildup follows inertial scaling. Further, the same localised pressure impulse at the disc centre are found to be lower than the corresponding (area-integrated) force impulse on the entire disc. While the (area-integrated) force impulses are close to the classical result of Batchelor (1967, section 6.10) and Glasheen & McMahon (1996), the localised pressure impulses at disc center, where the trapped air layer is at its thickest, are found to lie closer to the theoretical estimation by Peters et al. (2013) for an air-cushioned impact.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures, Movies in ancillary files directory
Der evangelisch-katholische Dialog - Tatsächliches und Grundsätzliches
Creators: name: Willebrands, Johannes G. M.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 22 Nr. 2 (1973): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 22, Heft 2
Angular momentum transport by magnetoconvection and the magnetic modulation of the solar differential rotation
Creators: name: Rüdiger, Günther
name: Küker, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to explain the variance of the solar rotation law during the activity minima and maxima, the angular momentum transport by rotating magnetoconvection is simulated in a convective box penetrated by an inclined azimuthal magnetic field. Turbulence-induced kinetic and magnetic stresses { and} the Lorentz force of the large-scale magnetic background field are the basic transporters of angular momentum. Without rotation, the sign of the magnetic stresses naturally depends on the signs of the field components as positive (negative) $B_θB_ϕ$ transport the angular momentum poleward (equatorward). For fast enough rotation, however, the turbulence-originated Reynolds stresses start to dominate the transport of the angular momentum flux. The simulations show that positive ratios of the two meridional magnetic field components to the azimuthal field reduce the inward radial as well as the equatorward latitudinal transport,%by the rotating magnetoconvection which result from hydrodynamic calculations. Only for $B_θB_ϕ>0$ (generated by solar-type rotation laws with an accelerated equator) does the magnetic-influenced rotation at the solar surface prove to be flatter than the nonmagnetic profile together with the observed slight spin-down of the equator. The latter phenomenon does not appear for antisolar rotation with polar vortex as well as for rotation laws with prevailing radial shear.
description: 10 pages
Direct Numerical Simulations of the Swirling von Karman Flow Using a Semi-implicit Moving Immersed Boundary Method
Creators: name: Kasbaoui, M. Houssem
name: Kulkarni, Tejas
name: Bisetti, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel moving immersed boundary method (IBM) and employ it in direct numerical simulations (DNS) of the closed-vessel swirling von Karman flow in laminar and turbulent regimes. The IBM extends direct-forcing approaches by leveraging a time integration scheme, that embeds the immersed boundary forcing step within a semi-implicit iterative Crank-Nicolson scheme. The overall method is robust, stable, and yields excellent results in canonical cases with static and moving boundaries. The moving IBM allows us to reproduce the geometry and parameters of the swirling von Karman flow experiments in (F. Ravelet, A. Chiffaudel, and F. Daviaud, JFM 601, 339 (2008)) on a Cartesian grid. In these DNS, the flow is driven by two-counter rotating impellers fitted with curved inertial stirrers. We analyze the transition from laminar to turbulent flow by increasing the rotation rate of the counter-rotating impellers to attain the four Reynolds numbers 90, 360, 2000, and 4000. In the laminar regime at Reynolds number 90 and 360, we observe flow features similar to those reported in the experiments and in particular, the appearance of a symmetry-breaking instability at Reynolds number 360. We observe transitional turbulence at Reynolds number 2000. Fully developed turbulence is achieved at Reynolds number 4000. Non-dimensional torque computed from simulations matches correlations from experimental data. The low Reynolds number symmetries, lost with increasing Reynolds number, are recovered in the mean flow in the fully developed turbulent regime, where we observe two tori symmetrical about the mid-height plane. We note that turbulent fluctuations in the central region of the device remain anisotropic even at the highest Reynolds number 4000, suggesting that isotropization requires significantly higher Reynolds numbers.
A comprehensive comparison of total-order estimators for global sensitivity analysis
Creators: name: Puy, Arnald
name: Becker, William
name: Piano, Samuele Lo
name: Saltelli, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sensitivity analysis helps identify which model inputs convey the most uncertainty to the model output. One of the most authoritative measures in global sensitivity analysis is the Sobol' total-order index, which can be computed with several different estimators. Although previous comparisons exist, it is hard to know which estimator performs best since the results are contingent on the benchmark setting defined by the analyst (the sampling method, the distribution of the model inputs, the number of model runs, the test function or model and its dimensionality, the weight of higher order effects or the performance measure selected). Here we compare several total-order estimators in an eight-dimension hypercube where these benchmark parameters are treated as random parameters. This arrangement significantly relaxes the dependency of the results on the benchmark design. We observe that the most accurate estimators are Razavi and Gupta's, Jansen's or Janon/Monod's for factor prioritization, and Jansen's, Janon/Monod's or Azzini and Rosati's for approaching the "true" total-order indices. The rest lag considerably behind. Our work helps analysts navigate the myriad of total-order formulae by reducing the uncertainty in the selection of the most appropriate estimator.
description: Previous versions of this manuscript were titled "The Battle of Total-Order Sensitivity Indices". The version with the title "A comprehensive comparison of total-order estimators for global sensitivity analysis" has been accepted for publication in the International Journal for Uncertainty Quantification. Please kindly cite the journal version
Variations of the Mid-IR Aromatic Features Inside and Among Galaxies
Creators: name: Galliano, F.
name: Madden, S. C.
name: Tielens, A. G. G. M.
name: Peeters, E.
name: Jones, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a systematic study of mid-IR spectra of Galactic regions, Magellanic HII regions, and galaxies of various types (dwarf, spiral, starburst), observed by the satellites ISO and Spitzer. We study the relative variations of the 6.2, 7.7, 8.6 and 11.3 micron features inside spatially resolved objects (such as M82, M51, 30 Doradus, M17 and the Orion Bar), as well as among 90 integrated spectra of 50 objects. Our main results are that the 6.2, 7.7 and 8.6 micron bands are essentially tied together, while the ratios between these bands and the 11.3 micron band varies by one order of magnitude. This implies that the properties of the PAHs are remarkably universal throughout our sample, and that the relative variations of the band ratios are mainly controled by the fraction of ionized PAHs. In particular, we show that we can rule out both the modification of the PAH size distribution, and the mid-infrared extinction, as an explanation of these variations. Using a few well-studied Galactic regions (including the spectral image of the Orion Bar), we give an empirical relation between the I(6.2)/I(11.3) ratio and the ionization/recombination ratio G0/ne.Tgas^0.5, therefore providing a useful quantitative diagnostic tool of the physical conditions in the regions where the PAH emission originates. Finally, we discuss the physical interpretation of the I(6.2)/I(11.3) ratio, on galactic size scales.
description: Accepted by the ApJ, 67 pages, 70 figures
How Large Are the Bars in Barred Galaxies?
Creators: name: Erwin, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present a study of the sizes (semimajor axes) of bars in disc galaxies, combining a detailed study of 65 S0-Sb galaxies with measurements of 70 Sb-Sd galaxies from Martin (1995). As has been noted before with smaller samples, bars in early-type (S0-Sb) galaxies are clearly larger than bars in late-type (Sc-Sd) galaxies; this is true both for relative sizes (bar length as fraction of isophotal radius R_25 or exponential disc scale length h) and absolute sizes (kpc). S0-Sab bars extend to ~1-10 kpc (mean ~3.3 kpc), ~0.2-0.8 R_25 (mean \~0.38 R_25) and ~0.5-2.5 h (mean ~1.4 h). Late-type bars extend to only \~0.5-3.5 kpc, 0.05-0.35 R_25 and 0.2-1.5 h; mean sizes are ~1.5 kpc, 0.14 R_25 and 0.6 h. Sb galaxies resemble earlier-type galaxies in terms of bar size relative to h; their smaller R_25-relative sizes may be a side effect of higher star formation, which increases R_25 but not h. For S0-Sbc galaxies, bar size correlates well with disc size (both R_25 and h); these correlations are stronger than the known correlation with M_B. All correlations appear to be weaker or absent for late-type galaxies; in particular, there seems to be no correlation between bar size and either h or M_B for Sc-Sd galaxies. I show that the bars detected in HST near-IR images at z ~ 1 by Sheth et al. (2003) have absolute sizes consistent with those in bright, nearby S0-Sb galaxies. I also compare the sizes of real bars with those produced in simulations, and discuss some possible implications for scenarios of secular evolution along the Hubble sequence. Simulations often produce bars as large as -- or larger than -- those seen in S0-Sb galaxies, but rarely any as small as those in Sc-Sd galaxies. (Abridged.)
description: LaTeX, 22 pages, 15 EPS figures. To appear in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Effectiveness of Biochar Addition in Reducing Concentrations of Selected Nutrients and Bacteria in Runoff
Creators: name: Williams, Rachel
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering

description: Land application and storage of horse manure and municipal sludge can increase nutrient and bacteria concentrations in runoff. Biochar increases soil nutrient retention when used as a soil amendment. The objectives of this study were to determine if biochar, when mixed with horse manure or sludge, affects runoff concentrations of total Kjehldahl nitrogen (TKN), ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), nitrate (NO3-N), total phosphorus (TP), dissolved phosphorus (DP), total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and fecal coliforms (FC). Horse manure and sludge were applied to 2.4 x 6.1 m fescue plots (six each), with three plots of each material amended with 5-8% biochar w/w. Simulated rainfall (101.6 mm/h) was applied to the 12 treatment plots and three control plots. The first 0.5 h of runoff was collected and analyzed for the above-listed parameters. The data were analyzed using an ANCOVA, with SCS runoff curve number (CN) used as the covariate. In general, CN was directly correlated to runoff concentrations of parameters. Plots with low CN values displayed no treatment differences for any measured parameter. Biochar reduced runoff concentrations of TKN and NH3-N for municipal sludge treatments, and TKN, NH3-N, TP, TSS, and FC for horse manure treatments.
title: Prosopagnosie (syn. Gesichtsblindheit) – Berichte von Betroffenen
Creators: name: Kennerknecht, Ingo
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Menschen mit Prosopagnosie, syn. Gesichtsblindheit, können Andere am Gesicht allein nicht wiedererkennen. In spontan zugesandten Berichten von Betroffenen wird aus sehr unterschiedlichen Perspektiven die Problematik im Alltag geschildert. Sie dokumentieren die Vielfalt aber vor allem auch die große Übereinstimmungen der Symptomatik. Das Entwickeln von zahlreichen kompensatorischen Strategien, die vielen typischen Anekdoten, sowie das häufige Fehlen von inneren Bildern beschreiben übereinstimmend das subjektive Empfinden einer Prosopagnosie.
Searching for Dwarf Galaxies in ${\it Gaia}$ DR2 Phase-Space Data Using Wavelet Transforms
Creators: name: Darragh-Ford, Elise
name: Nadler, Ethan O.
name: McLaughlin, Sean
name: Wechsler, Risa H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a wavelet-based algorithm to identify dwarf galaxies in the Milky Way in ${\it Gaia}$ DR2 data. Our algorithm detects overdensities in 4D position--proper motion space, making it the first search to explicitly use velocity information to search for dwarf galaxy candidates. We optimize our algorithm and quantify its performance by searching for mock dwarfs injected into ${\it Gaia}$ DR2 data and for known Milky Way satellite galaxies. Comparing our results with previous photometric searches, we find that our search is sensitive to undiscovered systems at Galactic latitudes~$\lvert b\rvert>20^{\circ}$ and with half-light radii larger than the 50% detection efficiency threshold for Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) at (${\it i}$) absolute magnitudes of =$-7
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables; submitted to ApJ. Candidate lists available at https://dwarfswaves.github.io. Updated to published version
Association between fluid infusions and the recovery from acute kidney injury in patients administered liposomal amphotericin B: a nationwide observational study
Creators: name: Tashiro, Masato
name: Obata, Yoko
name: Takazono, Takahiro
name: Ota, Yuki
name: Wakamura, Tomotaro
name: Shiozawa, Yui
name: Tsuyuki, Ai
name: Miyazaki, Taiga
name: Nishino, Tomoya
name: Izumikawa, Koichi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: Acute kidney injury (AKI) often develops during the administration of liposomal amphotericin B (L-AMB), a broad-spectrum antifungal drug. However, clinical recovery approaches for AKI patients administered L-AMB are not well established. This retrospective analysis used the data obtained from hospitals throughout Japan. AKI was defined as a ≥ 1.5-fold increase within 7 days or ≥0.3 mg/dL increase within 2 days in serum creatinine. AKI recovery was defined as a return to creatinine levels below or equal to those recorded before AKI onset. Ninety patients were assessed for recovery from AKI as per the three stages. The incidence of recovery from AKI regardless of its stage was higher, though not significant, in patients administered ≥10 mL/kg/day fluid for 7 consecutive days from AKI onset (63%) than in those who did not (35%, p = 0.053). However, if limited to AKI stage 1 patients, the former group had a significantly higher incidence of recovery (91%) than the latter group (50%, p = 0.017), even after adjusting for confounding factors (odds ratio: 10.135, 95% confidence interval: 1.148–89.513, p = 0.037). The daily fluid volume administered during the 7 consecutive days from AKI onset positively correlated with the recovery from AKI of all stages (p = 0.043). Daily consecutive fluid infusion from AKI onset may be associated with recovery from stage 1 AKI in patients administered L-AMB, with daily fluid volume positively correlating with the incidence of AKI recovery.
Investigation of the metabolic responses during the cycling phase of an ultraendurance triathlon
Creators: name: Laursen, Paul Byron
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the premise that ultraendurance triathletes perform the cycling portion of the Ironman Triathlon at an intensity near ventilatory threshold (T[sub vent]). Eleven highly-trained ultraendurance triathletes ( x ± SEM: age = 35.8 ± 1.6 yrs; body fat = 11.7%; VO₂[sub max] = 67.5 ± 1.0 ml•kg⁻¹•min⁻¹) completed two randomly assigned trials. The first trial consisted of a ride to volitional fatigue (BiT[sub vent]) at the subjects Tv e nt power output (PO[sub Tvent]) calculated from a preliminary cycling V02 m a xtest. The second trial was a 5 h bike time trial at a self-selected pace (Bi[sub SSP])- The endurance time for the BiT[sub vent] was 130.7 ± 18.6 min. Significant differences between trials existed on the measures: power output = 273.6 ± 8.6 vs. 188.0 ± 8.6 W; VO₂ = 3.61 ± 0.15 vs. 2.64 + 0.09 Lmin⁻¹ ; % T[sub vent] VO₂ = 110.7 ± 2.6 vs. 80.5 ± 3.3%; HR = 159 ± 3 vs. 130 ±4 bpm; RER = 0.95 ± 0.01 vs. 0.91 ± 0.01; and V[sub E]= 103.4 ± 4.7 vs. 66.7 ± 2.8 Lmin⁻¹; BiT[sub vent] vs. Bi[sub SSP] respectively. While these results suggest that ultraendurance triathletes do not perform at their PO[sub Tvent] during the cycling phase, mean HR data (146 ± 2 bpm) from seven of these subjects during the bike portion of the Canadian Ironman Triathlon (IMC) demonstrate that ultraendurance triathletes do perform at an intensity near their T[sub vent] HR (150 ± 4 bpm; r = .873; p < 0.05). A treadmill run V₂[sub max] subsequent to Bi[sub SSP] significantly reduced T[sub vent]speed (8.9 ± 0.3 mph vs. 8.4 ± 0.2 mph; p < .05), however, did not improve the ability to predict IMC marathon run pace (IMC marathon = 5.9 ± 0.3 mph; r= .425; p > .05).
Searching for Scalar Dark Matter via Coupling to Fundamental Constants with Photonic, Atomic and Mechanical Oscillators
Creators: name: Campbell, William M.
name: McAllister, Ben T.
name: Goryachev, Maxim
name: Ivanov, Eugene N.
name: Tobar, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a way to search for light scalar dark matter (DM), seeking to exploit putative coupling between dark matter scalar fields and fundamental constants, by searching for frequency modulations in direct comparisons between frequency stable oscillators. Specifically we compare a Cryogenic Sapphire Oscillator (CSO), Hydrogen Maser (HM) atomic oscillator and a bulk acoustic wave quartz oscillator (OCXO). This work includes the first calculation of the dependence of acoustic oscillators on variations of the fundamental constants, and demonstration that they can be a sensitive tool for scalar DM experiments. Results are presented based on 16 days of data in comparisons between the HM and OCXO, and 2 days of comparison between the OCXO and CSO. No evidence of oscillating fundamental constants consistent with a coupling to scalar dark matter is found, and instead limits on the strength of these couplings as a function of the dark matter mass are determined. We constrain the dimensionless coupling constant $d_e$ and combination $|d_{m_e}-d_g|$ across the mass band $4.4\times10^{-19}\lesssim m_φ\lesssim 6.8\times10^{-14}\:\text{eV} c^{-2}$, with most sensitive limits $d_e\gtrsim1.59\times10^{-1}$, $|d_{m_e}-dg|\gtrsim6.97\times10^{-1}$. Notably, these limits do not rely on Maximum Reach Analysis (MRA), instead employing the more general coefficient separation technique. This experiment paves the way for future, highly sensitive experiments based on state-of-the-art acoustic oscillators, and we show that these limits can be competitive with the best current MRA-based exclusion limits.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Heavy-quark energy loss at RHIC and LHC
Creators: name: Dainese, A.
name: Armesto, N.
name: Cacciari, M.
name: Salgado, C. A.
name: Wiedemann, U. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The attenuation of heavy-flavored particles in nucleus-nucleus collisions tests the microscopic dynamics of medium-induced parton energy loss and, in particular, its expected dependence on the identity (color charge and mass) of the parent parton. We discuss the comparison of theoretical calculations with recent single-electron data from RHIC experiments. Then, we present predictions for the heavy-to-light ratios of D and B mesons at LHC energy.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, prepared for the PANIC 2005 Conference proceedings
Hat die ökumenische Bewegung Zukunft?
Creators: name: Visser 'T Hooft, Willem Adolph
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 22 Nr. 2 (1973): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 22, Heft 2
The Angular Momentum Content and Evolution of Class I and Flat-Spectrum Protostars
Creators: name: Covey, Kevin R.
name: Greene, Thomas P.
name: Doppmann, Greg W.
name: Lada, Charles J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the angular momentum content of heavily embedded protostars based on our analysis of the projected rotation velocities (v sin i s) of 38 Class I/flat spectrum young stellar objects presented by Doppmann et al (2005). After correcting for projection effects, we find that infrared-selected Class I/flat spectrum objects rotate significantly more quickly (median equatorial rotation velocity ~ 38 km/sec) than Classical T Tauri stars (CTTSs; median equatorial rotation velocity ~ 18 km/sec) in the Rho Ophiuchi and Taurus-Aurigae regions. The detected difference in rotation speeds between Class I/flat spectrum sources and CTTSs proves difficult to explain without some mechanism which transfers angular momentum out of the protostar between the two phases. Assuming Class I/flat spectrum sources possess physical characteristics (M_*,R_*,B_*) typical of pre-main sequence stars, fully disk locked Class I objects should have co-rotation radii within their protostellar disks that match well (within 30%) with the predicted magnetic coupling radii of Shu et al (1994). The factor of two difference in rotation rates between Class I/flat spectrum and CTTS sources, when interpreted in the context of disk locking models, also imply a factor of 5 or greater difference in mass accretion rates between the two phases.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal (tentatively for June 2005 edition)
Altered kidney function induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection and acute kidney damage markers predict survival outcomes of COVID-19 patients: a prospective pilot study
Creators: name: Temiz, Mustafa Zafer
name: Hacibey, Ibrahim
name: Yazar, Ramazan Omer
name: Sevdi, Mehmet Salih
name: Kucuk, Suat Hayri
name: Alkurt, Gizem
name: Doganay, Levent
name: Doganay, Gizem Dinler
name: Dincer, Muhammet Murat
name: Yuruk, Emrah
name: Erkalp, Kerem
name: Muslumanoglu, Ahmet Yaser
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology

description: Literature with regard to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated morbidities and the risk factors for death are still emerging. In this study, we investigated the presence of kidney damage markers and their predictive value for survival among hospitalized subjects with COVID-19. Forty-seven participants was included and grouped as: ‘COVID-19 patients before treatment’, ‘COVID-19 patients after treatment’, ‘COVID-19 patients under treatment in intensive care unit (ICU)’, and ‘controls’. Kidney function tests and several kidney injury biomarkers were compared between the groups. Cumulative rates of death from COVID-19 were determined using the Kaplan–Meier method. The associations between covariates including kidney injury markers and death from COVID-19 were examined, as well. Serum creatinine and cystatin C levels, urine Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1)/creatinine ratio, and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI), CKD-EPI cystatin C, and CKD-EPI creatinine–cystatin C levels demonstrated significant difference among the groups. The most significant difference was noted between the groups ‘COVID-19 patients before treatment’ and ‘COVID-19 patients under treatment in ICU’. Advancing age, proteinuria, elevated serum cystatin C, and urine KIM-1/creatinine ratio were all significant univariate correlates of death (p < 0.05, for all). However, only elevated urine KIM-1/creatinine ratio retained significance in an age, sex, and comorbidities adjusted multivariable Cox regression (OR 6.11; 95% CI: 1.22–30.53; p = 0.02), whereas serum cystatin C showing only a statistically non-significant trend (OR 1.42; 95% CI: 0.00–2.52; p = 0.09). Our findings clearly demonstrated the acute kidney injury related to COVID-19. Moreover, urine KIM-1/creatinine ratio was associated with COVID-19 specific death.
Facilitating Classroom Economics Experiments with an Emerging Technology: The Case of Clickers
Creators: name: Liu, Donald J.
name: Walker, J.D.
name: Bauer, Theresa A.
name: Zhao, Meng
name: Liu, Donald J.
name: Walker, J.D.
name: Bauer, Theresa A.
name: Zhao, Meng
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: The audience response system (ARS) has increasingly been used to engage students by eliciting and analyzing responses to questions posed by instructors. The authors discuss how they used the system to facilitate pit market trading in a microeconomics class, report the efficacy of the approach and provide suggestions extending the use of ARS to other experiments. Using the ARS to facilitate active learning by engaging students in economics experiments has pedagogical advantages over both the labor-intensive approach of pencil-and-paper and the capital-intensive route of relying on networked or on-line computer labs which oftentimes preclude or restrict face-to-face student interactions. Thus, the new method represents an added advantage on top of such conventional functions as taking attendance and administering quizzes of this increasingly popular classroom technology.
A new inflaton model beginning near the Planck epoch
Creators: name: Opher, Reuven
name: Pelinson, Ana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Starobinsky model predicts a primordial inflation period without the presence of an inflaton field. The modified version of this model predicts a simple time dependence for the Hubble parameter $H(t)$, which decreases slowly between the Planck epoch and the end of the inflation, $H(t)=M_{\rm Pl}-βM_{\rm Pl}^2 t$, where $β$ is a dimensionless constant to be adjusted from observations. We investigate an inflaton model which has the same time dependence for $H(t)$. A reverse engineered inflaton potential for the time dependence of $H$ is derived. Normalization of the derived inflaton potential is determined by the condition that the observed density fluctuations, $δρ/ρ\approx 10^{-5}$, are created at $\sim 60 e$-folds before the end of inflation. The derived potential indicates an energy (mass) scale, $M_{\rm end}\sim 10^{13} {\rm GeV}$, at the end of inflation. Using the slow roll parameters, which are obtained from this potential, we calculate the spectral index for the scalar modes $n_S$ and the relative amplitude of the tensor to scalar modes $r$. A tensor contribution, $r\simeq 0.13$, and an approximately Harrison-Zeldovich density perturbation spectrum, $n_S \simeq 0.95$, are predicted.
description: 7 pages, minor changes, improved discussion. To appear in Braz.J.Phys
How can Farmer Managerial Capacity Contribute to Improved Farm Performance? A Study of Dairy Farms in Sweden
Creators: name: Johansson, Helena
name: Johansson, Helena
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: dairy farms
subject: data envelopment analysis
subject: decision-making
subject: efficiency
subject: logistic regression
subject: managerial capacity
subject: Tobit Regression

description: This paper investigates how managerial capacity aspects influence efficiency of dairy farms in Sweden. Based on non-parametric methods, Tobit and logistic regressions, several managerial capacity aspects are found to influence long and short run input efficiency scores, but to influence output efficiency less. Examples of important aspects are: internal locus of control, positive profitability attitude, profitability perception and participation in study circles. Based on this, a way of supporting dairy farms to become more profitable is to organize educational and discussion clubs where the farmers learn from each other and form professional dairy farm advisors.
The effect of microcurrent stimulation on exercise-induced muscle soreness in a human injury model
Creators: name: Laurence, Terrence Fletcher
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Exercise - induced muscle soreness can present several complications including an increased intensity of pain or discomfort, edema, a decrease in range of motion, and loss of eccentric muscle strength. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of prescribed microcurrent stimulation as an effective electrotherapeutic modality for improving the symptoms of muscular soft tissue injury. Fourty - eight healthy, sedentary, male subjects of university age (18-35 years) were randomly divided into four experimental groups: two functional groups (Group A - .3 / .7 Hertz (Hz) and Group B - .3 A 8 Hz), a control group (C), and a sham group (D). They completed 300 eccentric contractions on the Kinetic Communicator (KinCom) using the non - dominant leg to create the exercise - induced muscle injury model. The subjects were tested and data were collected at 0 hours (pre - exercise), immediately post - exercise, 6 to 8 hours post - exercise, and at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after the exercise bout in the mornings and afternoons. The four variables were tested and analyzed for the effectiveness of the prescribed microcurrent treatment program, to demonstrate significant differences (p < 0.05) among the exercise - induced muscle injury subject groups, and to show if there were any significant frequency intensity effects from the microcurrent stimulation devices. Statistical analysis revealed non - significant differences (p > 0.05) for the group main effect and group interaction effect of all the tested variables. However, there was a significant difference (p < 0.05, p = 0.0001) for all the groups as shown by an effect due to changes over time. The results of this investigation suggest that the prescribed microcurrent treatment had no therapeutic effect on exercise - induced muscle soreness nor did it show a frequency intensity effect by either microcurrent stimulation unit.
Sensor design optimization of innovative low-power, large area MAPS for HEP and applied science
Creators: name: Neubüser, Coralie
name: Corradino, Thomas
name: Betta, Gian-Franco Dalla
name: De Cilladi, Lorenzo
name: Pancheri, Lucio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fully Depleted Monolithic Active Pixels (FD-MAPS) represent a state-of-the-art detector technology and profit from a low material budget and cost for high energy physics experiments and other fields of research like medical imaging and astro-particle physics. Compared to the MAPS currently in use, fully depleted pixel sensors have the advantage of charge collection by drift, which enables a fast and uniform response overall the pixel matrix. The functionality of these devices has been shown in previous proof-of-concept productions. In this article we describe the optimization of the test pixel designs, that will be implemented in the first engineering run of the demonstrator chip of the ARCADIA project. These optimization procedures include radiation damage models, that have been employed in Technology Computer Aided Design simulations to predict the sensors behavior in different working environments.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, submitted to Frontiers in Physics
Comparison between outcomes of IgA nephropathy with nephrotic-range proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome: do podocytes play a role?
Creators: name: Chen, Yizhen
name: Yang, Aicheng
name: Hou, Yuansheng
name: Liu, Longhui
name: Lin, Jiehua
name: Huang, Xiaodan
name: Li, Jundu
name: Liu, Xusheng
name: Lu, Fuhua
name: Lin, Qizhan
name: Yang, Haifeng
name: Yue, Shuling
name: Jiang, Shujun
name: Wang, Lixin
name: Zou, Chuan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) and nephrotic-range proteinuria (NRP) are uncommon in IgA nephropathy (IgAN), and their clinicopathology and prognosis have not been discussed. Podocytes may play an important role in both clinical phenotypes. We investigated 119 biopsy-proven IgAN patients with proteinuria over 2 g/d. The patients were divided into three groups according to proteinuria level: the overt proteinuria (OP) group, NS group, and NRP group. In addition, according to the severity of foot process effacement (FPE), the patients were divided into three groups: the segmental FPE (SFPE) group, moderate FPE (MFPE) group, and diffuse FPE (DFPE) group. The outcome was survival from a combined event defined by a doubling of the baseline serum creatinine and a 50% reduction in eGFR or ESRD. Compared with the NRP group, patients in the NS group had more severe microscopic hematuria, presented with more severe endocapillary hypercellularity and had a higher percentage of DFPE. The Kaplan–Meier curve showed that MFPE patients had a better outcome in the NRP group <50% of tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis. In the multivariate model, the NRP group (HR = 17.098, 95% CI = 3.835–76.224) was associated with an increased risk of the combined event, while MFPE (HR = 0.260, 95% CI = 0.078–0.864; p = 0.028) was associated with a reduced risk of the combined event. After the addition of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi), the incidence of the combined event in the MFPE group (HR = 0.179, 95% CI = 0.047–0.689; p = 0.012) was further reduced. NS presented more active lesions and more severe FPE in IgAN. NRP was an independent risk factor for progression to the renal endpoint, while MFPE indicated a better prognosis in NRP without obvious chronic renal lesions, which may benefit from RASi.