cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
How Do Spherical Black Holes Grow Monopole Hair?
Creators: name: R., Abhishek Hegade K.
name: Most, Elias R.
name: Noronha, Jorge
name: Witek, Helvi
name: Yunes, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black holes in certain modified gravity theories that contain a scalar field coupled to curvature invariants are known to possess (monopole) scalar hair while non-black-hole spacetimes (like neutron stars) do not. Therefore, as a neutron star collapses to a black hole, scalar hair must grow until it settles to the stationary black hole solution with (monopole) hair. In this paper, we study this process in detail and show that the growth of scalar hair is tied to the appearance and growth of the event horizon (before an apparent horizon forms), which forces scalar modes that would otherwise (in the future) become divergent to be radiated away. We prove this result rigorously in general first for a large class of modified theories, and then we exemplify the results by studying the temporal evolution of the scalar field in scalar Gauss-Bonnet gravity in two backgrounds: (i) a collapsing Oppenheimer-Snyder background, and (ii) a collapsing neutron star background. In case (i), we find an exact scalar field solution analytically, while in case (ii) we solve for the temporal evolution of the scalar field numerically, with both cases supporting the conclusion presented above. Our results suggest that the emission of a burst of scalar field radiation is a necessary condition for black hole formation in a large class of modified theories of gravity.
description: v2 : 23 pages, minor corrections in text, matches published version
Impact of Stop Sets on Stopping Active Learning for Text Classification
Creators: name: Kurlandski, Luke
name: Bloodgood, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.3; I.2.6; I.2.7; I.5.4

description: Active learning is an increasingly important branch of machine learning and a powerful technique for natural language processing. The main advantage of active learning is its potential to reduce the amount of labeled data needed to learn high-performing models. A vital aspect of an effective active learning algorithm is the determination of when to stop obtaining additional labeled data. Several leading state-of-the-art stopping methods use a stop set to help make this decision. However, there has been relatively less attention given to the choice of stop set than to the stopping algorithms that are applied on the stop set. Different choices of stop sets can lead to significant differences in stopping method performance. We investigate the impact of different stop set choices on different stopping methods. This paper shows the choice of the stop set can have a significant impact on the performance of stopping methods and the impact is different for stability-based methods from that on confidence-based methods. Furthermore, the unbiased representative stop sets suggested by original authors of methods work better than the systematically biased stop sets used in recently published work, and stopping methods based on stabilizing predictions have stronger performance than confidence-based stopping methods when unbiased representative stop sets are used. We provide the largest quantity of experimental results on the impact of stop sets to date. The findings are important for helping to illuminate the impact of this important aspect of stopping methods that has been under-considered in recently published work and that can have a large practical impact on the performance of stopping methods for important semantic computing applications such as technology assisted review and text classification more broadly.
description: 8 pages, 3 tables, 1 figure; published in Proceedings of the IEEE 16th International Conference on Semantic Computing (ICSC), pages 25-32, January 2022. IEEE
Original data from each plant sampled from Slow induction of photosynthesis on shade to sun transitions in wheat may cost at least 21% of productivity
Creators: name: Taylor, Samuel H.
name: Long, Stephen P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Wheat is the second most important direct source of food calories in the world. After considerable improvement during the Green Revolution, increase in genetic yield potential appears to have stalled. Improvement of photosynthetic efficiency now appears a major opportunity in addressing the sustainable yield increases needed to meet future food demand. Effort, however, has focused on increasing efficiency under steady-state conditions. In the field, the light environment at the level of individual leaves is constantly changing. The speed of adjustment of photosynthetic efficiency can have a profound effect on crop carbon gain and yield. Flag leaves of wheat are the major photosynthetic organs supplying the grain of wheat, and will be intermittently shaded throughout a typical day. Here, the speed of adjustment to a shade to sun transition in these leaves was analysed. On transfer to sun conditions, the leaf required about 15 min to regain maximum photosynthetic efficiency. In vivo analysis based on the responses of leaf CO2 assimilation (A) to intercellular CO2 concentration (ci) implied that the major limitation throughout this induction was activation of the primary carboxylase of C3 photosynthesis, Ribulose-1 : 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco). This was followed in importance by stomata, which accounted for about 20% of the limitation. Except, during the first few seconds, photosynthetic electron transport and regeneration of the CO2 acceptor molecule, Ribulose-1 : 5-bisphosphate (RubP), did not affect the speed of induction. The measured kinetics of Rubisco activation in the sun and de-activation in the shade were predicted from the measurements. These were combined with a canopy ray tracing model to predict intermittent shading of flag leaves over the course of a June day. This indicated that the slow adjustment in shade to sun transitions could cost 21% of potential assimilation.This article is part of the themed issue ‘Enhancing photosynthesis in crop plants: targets for improvement’.
Formula graph self-attention network for representation-domain independent materials discovery
Creators: name: Ihalage, Achintha
name: Hao, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The success of machine learning (ML) in materials property prediction depends heavily on how the materials are represented for learning. Two dominant families of material descriptors exist, one that encodes crystal structure in the representation and the other that only uses stoichiometric information with the hope of discovering new materials. Graph neural networks (GNNs) in particular have excelled in predicting material properties within chemical accuracy. However, current GNNs are limited to only one of the above two avenues owing to the little overlap between respective material representations. Here, we introduce a new concept of formula graph which unifies stoichiometry-only and structure-based material descriptors. We further develop a self-attention integrated GNN that assimilates a formula graph and show that the proposed architecture produces material embeddings transferable between the two domains. Our model can outperform some previously proposed structure-agnostic models and their structure-based counterparts while exhibiting better sample efficiency and faster convergence. Finally, the model is applied in a challenging exemplar to predict the complex dielectric function of materials and nominate new substances that potentially exhibit epsilon-near-zero phenomena.
Replication of Bowes and Katz (2015)
Creators: name: Steinmetz, Hillel
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Metaphor
subject: Perspective-Taking
subject: Psycholinguistics
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social Cognition
subject: Social Intimacy

description: Replicating Bowes and Katz (2015) "Metaphor creates intimacy and temporarily enhances theory of mind" with some additional measures.
Selective extraction of heavy metals from sewage sludge via combined process of acid leaching and ion exchange resins adsorption: Optimization and performance evaluation
Creators: name: Hu, Jianlong
name: Zhang, Lifeng
name: Yu, Yang
name: Liang, Cunzhen
name: Sang, Yimin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Heavy metals (HMs) in sewage sludge (SS) are major obstacles that limit the land application of SS. Although the removal of HMs with acid leaching and cation exchange resins (CER) adsorption has been investigated, neither process alone could meet the simultaneous demand for efficient HMs removal and good preservation of nutrients. In this report, sulfuric acid (H2SO4) and acetic acid (AC) were used to dissolve HMs from the SS, and subsequent CER adsorption was conducted to selectively extract the HMs from acid leachate. With the addition of 5 mmol/L H2SO4, the maximum leaching efficiency of Ni, Cu, Zn and Fe were 64.0%±2.7%, 29.0%±3.7%, 98.4%±4.1% and 16.4%±0.3%, respectively. No significant inhibition effect of Fe in the leachate on the HMs adsorption with CER has been observed. The CER with sulfonate groups (R-SO3H) showed higher Ni, Cu and Zn adsorption efficiency than the CER with thioureido groups (R-SH) and carboxylic groups (R-COOH) in the acid leachate. The optimal operation condition with a combined usage of H2SO4 and R-SO3H is characterized by the advantages of high HM removal efficiency, affordable cost, and low energy consumption through the evaluation with the triangulation model.
Description of DeltaPsi.py code from Hacking the thylakoid proton motive force (pmf) for improved photosynthesis: modulating ion flux rates that control pmf partitioning into Δψ and ΔpH
Creators: name: Geoffry A. Davis
name: A. William Rutherford
name: Kramer, David M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The rationale and initial constants used to simulate photosynthesis used in the DeltaPsi.py code are presented. An example of running the DeltaPsi.py code is also presented. The text for the DeltaPsi.py code follows.
VaccinEU: COVID-19 vaccine conversations on Twitter in French, German and Italian
Creators: name: Di Giovanni, Marco
name: Pierri, Francesco
name: Torres-Lugo, Christopher
name: Brambilla, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite the increasing limitations for unvaccinated people, in many European countries there is still a non-negligible fraction of individuals who refuse to get vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2, undermining governmental efforts to eradicate the virus. We study the role of online social media in influencing individuals' opinion towards getting vaccinated by designing a large-scale collection of Twitter messages in three different languages -- French, German and Italian -- and providing public access to the data collected. Focusing on the European context, our VaccinEU dataset aims to help researchers to better understand the impact of online (mis)information about vaccines and design more accurate communication strategies to maximize vaccination coverage.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables. Data can be fully accessed in a Dataverse (https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/NZUMZG) and a GitHub repository (https://github.com/DataSciencePolimi/VaccinEU)
Erasmus+ Learning Agreement for doctoral candidates (during/after)
Creators: name: DocMob Project
Publisher: name: DocMob Consortium
Year: 2020

description: The DocMob project partners adapted the Learning Agreement during and after sections for the purpose of better supporting mobility periods abroad for PhD candidates.

The DocMob project looked at how Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) implement and manage PhD mobilities through the Erasmus+ programme with the aim of improving the doctoral mobilities funding scheme and make it fit for purpose in the new Erasmus programme period (2021-2027).
Quantum signatures in quench from chaos to superradiance
Creators: name: Ray, Sayak
name: Vardi, Amichay
name: Cohen, Doron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The driven-dissipative Dicke model features normal, superradiant, and lasing steady-states that may be regular or chaotic. We report quantum signatures of chaos in a quench protocol from the lasing states. Within the framework of a classical mean-field perspective, once quenched, the system relaxes either to the normal or to the superradiant state. Quench-from-chaos, unlike quench from a regular lasing state, exhibits erratic dependence on control parameters. In the quantum domain this sensitivity implies an effect that is similar to universal conductance fluctuations.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures (including SM)
Frustration driven Josephson phase dynamics
Creators: name: Guarcello, Claudio
name: Chirolli, Luca
name: Mercaldo, Maria Teresa
name: Giazotto, Francesco
name: Cuoco, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Josephson equations predict remarkable effects concerning the phase state of a superconducting junction with an oscillating current induced by a static voltage. Whether the paradigm can be twisted by yielding an oscillating voltage without making use of harmonic drives is a fundamentally relevant problem yet not fully settled. Here, we demonstrate that a dynamical regime with an oscillating phase evolution is a general hallmark of driven Josephson systems exhibiting sign competition in the Josephson couplings. We show that in frustrated Josephson systems an oscillating phase dynamics gets switched on by driving the changeover among different ground states, which can be induced by varying the parameters that set the phase state. Remarkably, the character of the transitions in the Josephson phase space allows different types of dynamics, with few or several harmonics. This result sets out a characteristic mark of any superconducting system with frustrated Josephson couplings and can be exploited to disentangle the complexity of the underlying phases.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Dissolved oxygen in Lake Santo Parmense (1971-1975)
Creators: name: [Unknown]
Publisher: name: FZ-Juelich B2SHARE
Year: 2020

description: Dataset provides dissolved oxygen measured in Lake Santo Parmense during the period 1971-1975. Water samples were collected by means of a Ruttner bottle at different depths over the whole water column at the point of maximum depth of the lake. Dissolved oxygen was measured by means of the Winkler method.
Cool circumgalactic gas in galaxy clusters: connecting the DESI legacy imaging survey and SDSS DR16 MgII absorbers
Creators: name: Anand, Abhijeet
name: Kauffmann, Guinevere
name: Nelson, Dylan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the cool gas absorption in galaxy clusters by cross-correlating MgII absorbers detected in quasar spectra from Data Release 16 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) with galaxy clusters identified in the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) survey. We find significant covering fractions ($1-5\, \%$ within $r_{500}$, depending on the chosen redshift interval), $\sim 4-5$ times higher than around random sightlines. While the covering fraction of cool gas in clusters decreases with increasing mass of the central galaxy, the total MgII mass within $r_{\rm 500}$ is nonetheless $\sim 10$ times higher than for SDSS luminous red galaxies (LRGs). The MgII covering fraction versus impact parameter is well described by a power law in the inner regions and a exponential function at larger distances. The characteristic scale of the transition between these two regimes is smaller for large equivalent width absorbers. Cross-correlating MgII absorption with photo-z selected cluster member galaxies from DESI reveals a statistically significant connection. The median projected distance between MgII absorbers and the nearest cluster member is $\sim200$ kpc, compared to $\sim500$ kpc in random mocks with the same galaxy density profiles. We do not find a correlation between MgII strength and the star formation rate of the closest cluster neighbour. This suggests that cool gas in clusters, as traced by MgII absorption, is: (i) associated with satellite galaxies, (ii) dominated by cold gas clouds in the intracluster medium, rather than by the interstellar medium of galaxies, and (iii) may originate in part from gas stripped from these cluster satellites in the past.
description: 19 pages, revised version accepted for publication in MNRAS
Long-term multiband optical variability of S5 0716+714 blazar
Creators: name: Gorbachev, Mark A.
name: Butuzova, Marina S.
name: Sergeev, Sergey G.
name: Nazarov, Sergey V.
name: Zhovtan, Alexey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiband optical photometry data of blazar S5 0716+714 obtained from 2002 to 2019 reveal stable color index change with flux variability. We analyzed this trend under variability caused by the Doppler factor change in the presence of a curved photon energy spectrum. A break in the energy spectrum of emitting electrons, caused by radiative losses, or log-parabolic electron energy distribution, or the synchrotron self-absorption acting in a compact jet part forms such the photon spectrum. We explained the observed color index change with variability by geometric effects only under the assumption that the radiating region is the synchrotron self-absorbed core and the bright optically thin jet. In this framework, we estimated the magnetic field strength in the optically thick part of the radiating region. These values correspond to other independent estimates of the magnetic field near the black hole, further supporting our assumption.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 23 pages, 21 figures
Results: Supplementary Figures and Tables from Male–female relatedness at specific SNP-linkage groups influences cryptic female choice in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
Creators: name: Geßner, Cornelia
name: Johnson, Sheri L.
name: Fisher, Paul
name: Clarke, Shannon
name: Rutherford, Kim
name: Symonds, Jane
name: Gemmell, Neil J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Results: Supplementary Figures and Tables
A note on explicit solutions of FitzHugh-Rinzel system
Creators: name: De Angelis, Monica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 44A10, 35K57, 35E05

description: The numerous scientific feedbacks that the FitzHugh-Rinzel system (FHR) is having in various scientific fields, lead to further studies on the determination of its explicit solutions. Indeed, such a study can help to get a better understanding of several behaviors in the complex dynamics of biological systems. In this note, a class of traveling wave solutions is determined and specific solutions are achieved to explicitly show the contribution due to a diffusion term considered in the FHR model.
Supplementary methods from Grasshopper mice employ distinct vocal production mechanisms in different social contexts
Creators: name: Pasch, Bret
name: Tokuda, Isao T.
name: Riede, Tobias
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Supplementary methods
Identification of MIMO Wiener-type Koopman Models for Data-Driven Model Reduction using Deep Learning
Creators: name: Schulze, Jan C.
name: Doncevic, Danimir T.
name: Mitsos, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We use Koopman theory to develop a data-driven nonlinear model reduction and identification strategy for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) input-affine dynamical systems. While the present literature has focused on linear and bilinear Koopman models, we derive and use a Wiener-type Koopman formulation. We discuss that the Wiener structure is particularly suitable for model reduction, and can be naturally derived from Koopman theory. Moreover, the Wiener block-structure unifies the mathematical simplicity of linear dynamical blocks and the accuracy of bilinear dynamics. We present a Koopman deep-learning strategy combining autoencoders and linear dynamics that generates low-order surrogate models of MIMO Wiener type. In three case studies, we apply our framework for identification and reduction of a system with input multiplicity, a chemical reactor and a high-purity distillation column. We compare the prediction performance of the identified Wiener models to linear and bilinear Koopman models. We observe the highest accuracy and strongest model reduction capabilities of low-order Wiener-type Koopman models, making them promising for control.
Detecting False Rumors from Retweet Dynamics on Social Media
Creators: name: Naumzik, Christof
name: Feuerriegel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: False rumors are known to have detrimental effects on society. To prevent the spread of false rumors, social media platforms such as Twitter must detect them early. In this work, we develop a novel probabilistic mixture model that classifies true vs. false rumors based on the underlying spreading process. Specifically, our model is the first to formalize the self-exciting nature of true vs. false retweeting processes. This results in a novel mixture marked Hawkes model (MMHM). Owing to this, our model obviates the need for feature engineering; instead, it directly models the spreading process in order to make inferences of whether online rumors are incorrect. Our evaluation is based on 13,650 retweet cascades of both true. vs. false rumors from Twitter. Our model recognizes false rumors with a balanced accuracy of 64.97% and an AUC of 69.46%. It outperforms state-of-the-art baselines (both neural and feature engineering) by a considerable margin but while being fully interpretable. Our work has direct implications for practitioners: it leverages the spreading process as an implicit quality signal and, based on it, detects false content.
description: Accepted at The Web Conference (WWW 2022)
Augmenting Immersive Telepresence Experience with a Virtual Body
Creators: name: Arora, Nikunj
name: Suomalainen, Markku
name: Pouke, Matti
name: Center, Evan G.
name: Mimnaugh, Katherine J.
name: Chambers, Alexis P.
name: Pouke, Sakaria
name: LaValle, Steven M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose augmenting immersive telepresence by adding a virtual body, representing the user's own arm motions, as realized through a head-mounted display and a 360-degree camera. Previous research has shown the effectiveness of having a virtual body in simulated environments; however, research on whether seeing one's own virtual arms increases presence or preference for the user in an immersive telepresence setup is limited. We conducted a study where a host introduced a research lab while participants wore a head-mounted display which allowed them to be telepresent at the host's physical location via a 360-degree camera, either with or without a virtual body. We first conducted a pilot study of 20 participants, followed by a pre-registered 62 participant confirmatory study. Whereas the pilot study showed greater presence and preference when the virtual body was present, the confirmatory study failed to replicate these results, with only behavioral measures suggesting an increase in presence. After analyzing the qualitative data and modeling interactions, we suspect that the quality and style of the virtual arms, and the contrast between animation and video, led to individual differences in reactions to the virtual body which subsequently moderated feelings of presence.
description: Accepted for publication in Transactions in Visualization and Computer Graphics (TVCG), to be presented in IEEE VR 2022
Interfacial assembly of anisotropic core-shell and hollow microgels
Creators: name: Nickel, Anne C.
name: Rudov, Andrey A.
name: Potemkin, Igor I.
name: Crassous, Jérôme J.
name: Richtering, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microgels, cross-linked polymers with submicrometer size, are ideal soft model systems. While spherical microgels have been studied extensively, anisotropic microgels have been hardly investigated. In this study, we compare the interfacial deformation and assembly of anisotropic core-shell and hollow microgels. The core-shell microgel consists of an elliptical core of hematite covered with a thin silica layer and a thin shell made of PNiPAM. The hollow microgels were obtained after a two step etching procedure of the inorganic core. The behavior of these microgels at the oil-water interface was investigated in a Langmuir Blodgett trough combined with ex-situ AFM. First, the influence of the architecture of anisotropic microgels on their spreading at the interface was investigated experimentally and by dissipative particle dynamic simulations. Hereby, the importance of the local shell thickness on the lateral and longitudinal interfacial deformation was highlighted as well as the differences between the core-shell and hollow architectures. The shape of the compression isotherms as well as the dimensions, ordering and orientation of the microgels at the different compressions were analysed. Due to their anisotropic shape and stiffness, both anisotropic microgels were found to exhibit significant capillary interactions with a preferential side-to-side assembly leading to stable microgel clusters at low interfacial coverage. Such capillary interactions were found to decrease in the case of the more deformable hollow anisotropic microgels. Consequently, anisotropic hollow microgels were found to distribute more evenly at high surface pressure compared to stiffer core-shell microgels. Our findings emphasize the complex interplay between the colloid design, anisotropy and softness on the interfacial assembly and the opportunities it thus offers to create more complex ordered interfaces.
Supplementary Materials and Methods from Male–female relatedness at specific SNP-linkage groups influences cryptic female choice in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
Creators: name: Geßner, Cornelia
name: Johnson, Sheri L.
name: Fisher, Paul
name: Clarke, Shannon
name: Rutherford, Kim
name: Symonds, Jane
name: Gemmell, Neil J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Supplementary Materials and Methods
PrivPAS: A real time Privacy-Preserving AI System and applied ethics
Creators: name: S, Harichandana B S
name: Agarwal, Vibhav
name: Ghosh, Sourav
name: Ramena, Gopi
name: Kumar, Sumit
name: Raja, Barath Raj Kandur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With 3.78 billion social media users worldwide in 2021 (48% of the human population), almost 3 billion images are shared daily. At the same time, a consistent evolution of smartphone cameras has led to a photography explosion with 85% of all new pictures being captured using smartphones. However, lately, there has been an increased discussion of privacy concerns when a person being photographed is unaware of the picture being taken or has reservations about the same being shared. These privacy violations are amplified for people with disabilities, who may find it challenging to raise dissent even if they are aware. Such unauthorized image captures may also be misused to gain sympathy by third-party organizations, leading to a privacy breach. Privacy for people with disabilities has so far received comparatively less attention from the AI community. This motivates us to work towards a solution to generate privacy-conscious cues for raising awareness in smartphone users of any sensitivity in their viewfinder content. To this end, we introduce PrivPAS (A real time Privacy-Preserving AI System) a novel framework to identify sensitive content. Additionally, we curate and annotate a dataset to identify and localize accessibility markers and classify whether an image is sensitive to a featured subject with a disability. We demonstrate that the proposed lightweight architecture, with a memory footprint of a mere 8.49MB, achieves a high mAP of 89.52% on resource-constrained devices. Furthermore, our pipeline, trained on face anonymized data, achieves an F1-score of 73.1%.
description: Accepted at 16th IEEE International Conference on Semantic Computing (ICSC), January 26-28, 2022 [update: Best Paper candidate at ICSC 2022]
Statistical analysis: R code from Male–female relatedness at specific SNP-linkage groups influences cryptic female choice in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
Creators: name: Geßner, Cornelia
name: Johnson, Sheri L.
name: Fisher, Paul
name: Clarke, Shannon
name: Rutherford, Kim
name: Symonds, Jane
name: Gemmell, Neil J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Statistical analysis: R code
Extracting genes using gff2fasta.pl from Male–female relatedness at specific SNP-linkage groups influences cryptic female choice in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)
Creators: name: Geßner, Cornelia
name: Johnson, Sheri L.
name: Fisher, Paul
name: Clarke, Shannon
name: Rutherford, Kim
name: Symonds, Jane
name: Gemmell, Neil J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Extracting genes using gff2fasta.pl
The trace of $T_2$ takes no repeated values
Creators: name: Chiriac, Liubomir
name: Jorza, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F30 (Primary) 11B37, 11F85 (Secondary)

description: We prove that the trace of the Hecke operator $T_2$ acting on the vector space of cusp forms of level one takes no repeated values, except for 0, which only occurs when the space is trivial.
description: To appear in Indagationes Mathematicae
Additional file 13 of Auxin is involved in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-promoted tomato growth and NADP-malic enzymes expression in continuous cropping substrates
Creators: name: Wang, Yu
name: Zhang, Wenze
name: Liu, Weikang
name: Ahammed, Golam Jalal
name: Wen, Wenxu
name: Guo, Shirong
name: Shu, Sheng
name: Sun, Jin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 13: Table S9. Primers used for qPCR assays.
Evidence for quasar fast outflows being accelerated at the scale of tens of parsecs
Creators: name: He, Zhicheng
name: Liu, Guilin
name: Wang, Tinggui
name: Mou, Guobin
name: Green, Richard
name: Bian, Weihao
name: Wang, Huiyuan
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Sun, Mouyuan
name: Shen, Lu
name: Arav, Nahum
name: Chen, Chen
name: Wu, Qingwen
name: Guo, Hengxiao
name: Lin, Zesen
name: Li, Junyao
name: Yi, Weimin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasar outflows may play a crucial role in regulating the host galaxy, although the spatial scale of quasar outflows remain a major enigma, with their acceleration mechanism poorly understood. The kinematic information of outflow is the key to understanding its origin and acceleration mechanism. Here, we report the galactocentric distances of different outflow components for both a sample and an individual quasar. We find that the outflow distance increases with velocity, with a typical value from several parsecs to more than one hundred parsecs, providing direct evidence for an acceleration happening at a scale of the order of 10 parsecs. These outflows carry ~1% of the total quasar energy, while their kinematics are consistent with a dust driven model with a launching radius comparable to the scale of a dusty torus, indicating that the coupling between dust and quasar radiation may produce powerful feedback that is crucial to galaxy evolution.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures in main text. Published in Science Advances on 11 Feb 2022
Appendices A - F from Food web persistence in fragmented landscapes
Creators: name: Jinbao Liao
name: Bearup, Daniel
name: Blasius, Bernd
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Appendix A - Patch dynamics for other modules; Appendix B - Moment closure; Appendix C - Figures; Appendix D - No competition-dispersal tradeoff; Appendix E - Global dispersal for all species & Appendix F - Local dispersal within fragments for all species
Collimated versatile atomic beam source with alkali dispensers
Creators: name: Wei, Bochao
name: Crawford, Alexandra
name: Andeweg, Yorick
name: Zhuo, Linzhao
name: Li, Chao
name: Raman, Chandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Alkali metal dispensers have become an indispensable tool in the production of atomic vapors for magnetometry, alkali vapor cell clocks, and laser cooling experiments. A primary advantage of these dispensers is that they contain alkali metal in an inert form that can be exposed to air without hazard. However, their high temperature of operation (>600 C) is undesirable for many applications, as it shifts the atomic speed distribution to higher values and presents a radiative heat source that can raise the temperature of its surroundings. For this reason, dispensers are typically not used in line-of-sight applications such as atomic beam generation. In this work, we present an integrated rubidium dispenser collimating device with a thickness of only 2 mm that produces a beam of atoms traveling primarily in the forward direction. We find that the collimator plate serves to both shield the dispenser's radiation as well as to moderate the velocity of the atomic beam so that the measured longitudinal speed distribution is comparable to that of an ordinary alkali oven at only a slightly elevated temperature of 200 C. To confirm our theory, we also constructed another compact apparatus consisting of a dispenser and a silicon collimator and the measurements support our conclusion. Our integrated dispenser collimator will particularly be useful in integrated photonics and cavity QED on chip, where a localized, directed source of Rb vapor in small quantities is needed.
Simulation of the RIBRAS Facility with GEANT4
Creators: name: Tamayose, L. E.
name: Zamora, J. C.
name: Fortino, G. F.
name: Flechas, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Geant4 simulation code was developed to perform realistic simulations of the RIBRAS facility. A second order expansion of a finite solenoid field was included to describe the beam optics with a good precision. A systematic study of coil currents for several magnetic rigidities and focal points was performed. Parameterizations of the coil currents for single and dual mode operations were obtained. Dedicated routines were developed to simulate the mechanism of direct reactions involving two and three particles in the final state. The present simulations were employed to investigate the feasibility of a Solenoidal Spectrometer with the RIBRAS facility. Our first results indicate that the concept can be applied in the RIBRAS system under certain conditions. Forthcoming studies both from simulations and experiment are already under development.
A study protocol of incidence of STEMI [ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction] equivalent management and outcome in emergency medicine department.
Creators: name: Gaur, Dr Utkarsh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420309
subject: Health management
classificationCode: 420304
subject: General practice
classificationCode: 420303
subject: Family care
classificationCode: 420306
subject: Health care administration

description: Acute myocardial infarction [AMI] is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality; hence, early identification and intervention may result in improved outcomes. When blood flow to the heart's coronary artery is reduced or interrupted, the result is a condition known as ST elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI), which damages the heart muscle.
Design of a Canted-cosine-theta orbit corrector for the High Luminosity LHC
Creators: name: Pepitone, K.
name: Kirby, G.
name: Ruber, R.
name: Ahl, A.
name: Canale, M.
name: Dugic, I.
name: Gentini, L.
name: Johansson, M.
name: Karlsson, G.
name: Kovacikova, J.
name: Lindström, J.
name: Olsson, A.
name: Olvegård, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The High Luminosity LHC requires dipole orbit correctors grouped in double aperture magnet assemblies. They provide a field of 3.1 T at 100 A in an aperture of 70 mm. The current standard design is a classical cosine-theta layout made with ribbon cable. However, the electric insulation of the ribbon cable is not radiation-resistant enough to withstand the radiation load expected in the coming years of LHC operation. A new design, based on a radiation-resistant cable with polyimide insulator, that can replace the existing orbit correctors at their end-of-life, is needed. The challenge is to design a magnet that fits directly into the existing positions and that can operate with the same busbars, passive quench protection, and power supplies as existing magnets. We propose a self-protected canted-cosine-theta (CCT) design. We take the opportunity to explore new concepts for the CCT design to produce a cost-effective and high-quality design with a more sustainable use of resources. The new orbit corrector design meets high requirements on the field quality while keeping within the same mechanical volume and maximum excitation current. A collaboration of Swedish universities and Swedish industry has been formed for the development and production of a prototype magnet following a concurrent engineering (CE) methodology to reduce the time needed to produce a functional CCT magnet. The magnet has a 1 m long CCT dipole layout consisting of two coils. The superconductor is a commercially available 0.33 mm wire with polyimide insulation in a 6-around-1 cable. The channels in the coil formers, that determine the CCT layout, allow for 2 x 5 cable layers. A total of 70 windings makes that the coil current can be kept below 100 A. We will present the detailed design and preliminary quench simulations.
A simple analytic example of the gravitational wave memory effect
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Indranil
name: Kar, Sayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an analytical example of the gravitational wave memory effect in exact plane wave spacetimes. A square pulse profile is chosen which gives rise to a curved wave region sandwiched between two flat Minkowski spacetimes. Working in the Brinkmann coordinate system, we solve the geodesic equations exactly in all three regions. Issues related to the continuity and differentiability of the solutions at the boundaries of the pulse are addressed. The evolution of the geodesic separation reveals displacement and velocity memory effects with quantitative estimates depending on initial values and the amplitude, width of the pulse. The deformation caused by the pulse on a ring of particles is then examined in detail. Formation of caustics is found in both scenarios i.e. evolution of separation for a pair of geodesics and shape deformation of a ring of particles -- a feature consistent with previous work on geodesic congruences in this spacetime. In summary, our analysis provides a useful illustration of memory effects involving closed-form exact expressions.
description: Some minor typos corrected, matches with the published version in EPJP
Orbit determination of the moons of the Pluto-Charon system
Creators: name: Gakis, Dionysios
name: Gourgouliatos, Konstantinos N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Four small moons (Styx, Nix, Kerberos and Hydra) are at present known to orbit around the barycenter of Pluto and Charon, which are themselves considered a binary dwarf-planet due to their relatively high mass ratio. The central, non-axisymmetric potential induces moon orbits inconvenient to be described by Keplerian osculating elements. Here, we report that observed orbital variations, may not be the result of orbital eccentricities or observational uncertainties, but may be due to forced oscillations caused by the central binary. We show, using numerical integration and analytical considerations, that the differences reported on their orbital elements, may well arise from this intrinsic behavior rather than limitations on our instruments.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy
Frequency response of a semi-infinite structure made of repeating frames from Gyro-elastic beams for the vibration reduction of long flexural systems
Creators: name: G. Carta
name: I. S. Jones
name: N. V. Movchan
name: A. B. Movchan
name: M. J. Nieves
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 90506 Structural Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 10299 Applied Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20301 Acoustics and Acoustical Devices; Waves
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Displacement amplitudes computed at different points of the structure sketched in Fig. 6
Emergence of insulating ferrimagnetism and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in 3d-5d perovskite oxide composite films for insulator spintronic
Creators: name: Ren, Zeliang
name: Lao, Bin
name: Zheng, Xuan
name: Liao, Lei
name: Lu, Zengxing
name: Li, Sheng
name: Yang, Yongjie
name: Cao, Bingshan
name: Wen, Lijie
name: Zhao, Kenan
name: Wang, Lifen
name: Bai, Xuedong
name: Hao, Xianfeng
name: Liao, Zhaoliang
name: Wang, Zhiming
name: Li, Run-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic insulators with strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) play a key role in exploring pure spin current phenomena and developing ultralow-dissipation spintronic devices, thereby it is highly desirable to develop new material platforms. Here we report epitaxial growth of La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 (LSMO)-SrIrO3 (SIO) composite oxide films (LSMIO) with different crystalline orientations fabricated by sequential two-target ablation process using pulsed laser deposition. The LSMIO films exhibit high crystalline quality with homogeneous mixture of LSMO and SIO at atomic level. Ferrimagnetic and insulating transport characteristics are observed, with the temperature-dependent electric resistivity well fitted by Mott variable-range-hopping model. Moreover, the LSMIO films show strong PMA. Through further constructing all perovskite oxide heterostructures of the ferrimagnetic insulator LSMIO and a strong spin-orbital coupled SIO layer, pronounced spin Hall magnetoresistance (SMR) and spin Hall-like anomalous Hall effect (SH-AHE) were observed. These results illustrate the potential application of the ferrimagnetic insulator LSMIO in developing all-oxide ultralow-dissipation spintronic devices.
Supplementary Tables S1 - S3 from Role of long-chain acyl-CoAs in the regulation of mycolic acid biosynthesis in mycobacteria
Creators: name: Tsai, Yi Ting
name: Salzman, Valentina
name: Cabruja, Matías
name: Gago, Gabriela
name: Gramajo, Hugo
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: S1 Table. Plasmids used in this work.; S2 Table. Strains used in this work.; S3 Table. RT primers used in this study.