cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Labour, LGBT* rights, and Europe. Discourses in Italy and Serbia
Creators: name: Dioli, Irene <1980>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: SPS/09 Sociologia dei processi economici e del lavoro

description: At the time of writing, all three elements that are evoked in the title – emancipation and social inclusion of sexual minorities, labour and labour activism, and the idea and substance of “Europe” – are being invested by deep, long-term, and – to varied degrees – radical processes of social transformation. The meaning of words like “equality”, “rights”, “inclusion”, and even “democracy” is as precarious and uncertain as are the lives of those European citizens who are marginalised by intersecting conditions of gender, sexuality, ethnicity, and class – in a constellation of precarities that is both unifying and fragmented (fragmenting). Conflicts are played, in hidden or explicit ways, over material processes of redistribution as well as discursive practices that revolve around these words. Against this backdrop, and roughly ten years after the European Union provided an input for institutional commitment to the protection of LGBT* workers' rights with the Council Directive 2000/78/EC, the dissertation contrasts discourses on workplace equality for LGBT* persons produced by a plurality of actors, seeking to identify values, semantics, and agendas framing and informing organisations’ views and showing how each actor has incorporated LGBT* rights into its own discourse, each time in a way that is functional to the construction and/or confirmation of its organisational identity: transnational union networks, by presenting LGBT* rights as a natural, neutral commitment within the framework of universal human rights protection; left-wing organisations, by collocating activism for LGBT* rights within a wider project of social emancipation that is for all the marginalised, yet is not neutral, but attached to specific values and opposed to specific political adversaries (the right-wing, the nationalists); business networks, by acknowledging diversity as a path to better performance and profits, thus encouraging inclusion and non-discrimination of “deserving” LGBT* workers.
Flavorful new physics models in the light of the B decay anomalies
Creators: name: Loose, Dennis
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Flavorphysik
subject: Physik jenseits des Standardmodells
subject: 530
subject: Flavour
subject: Standardmodell
subject: Elementarteilchenphysik
subject: Lepton
subject: LHC

description: Current experimental data on the flavor observables R_K and R_K^* shows evidence for a violation of lepton universality – an essential feature of the Standard Model of particle physics. Together with several deviations seen in other b -> sµ^+ µ^− observables as well as R_D and R_D^*, these results constitute the so-called B decay anomalies. In this thesis we investigate new physics models that provide potential solutions to these anomalies and put a special emphasis on their flavor structure. To this end, we consider an A4 x U(1)_FN based flavor symmetry, which addresses the SM flavor puzzle, and study patterns that it imposes on the couplings of leptoquark models. We find that flavorful leptoquarks provide good explanations of R_K^(*) , while constraints from rare kaon decays and charged lepton flavor violating processes are too strong to allow to accommodate the deviations in R_D^(*). As another consequence of the imposed flavor structure, flavorful leptoquarks are light enough to be produced at current and future hadron colliders. We compute estimates for the production cross sections of the S_3 , V_1 and V_3 leptoquarks in different flavor scenarios, focusing on single production, which is sensitive to the leptoquark coupling and its flavor structure. We find that future hadron colliders with higher center of mass energies are needed to cover the full parameter space and determine leptoquark mass bound for benchmark scenarios.
Magnetic Skyrmion Bundles and Their Current-Driven Dynamics
Creators: name: Tang, Jin
name: Wu, Yaodong
name: Wang, Weiwei
name: Kong, Lingyao
name: Lv, Boyao
name: Wei, Wensen
name: Zang, Jiadong
name: Tian, Mingliang
name: Du, Haifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantization of topological charges determines the various topological spin textures that are expected to play a key role in future spintronic devices. While the magnetic skyrmion with a unit topological charge Q has been extensively studied, spin textures with other integer valued have not been verified well so far. Here, we report the real-space image, creation, and manipulation of a type of multi Q three-dimensional skyrmionic texture, where a circular spin spiral ties a bunch of skyrmion tubes. We define these objects as skyrmion bundles, and show they have arbitrarily integer values Q from negative up to at least 55 in our experiment. These textures behave as quasiparticles in dynamics for the collective motions driven by electric pulses. Similar to the skyrmion, skyrmion bundles with non zero Q exhibit the skyrmion Hall effects with a Hall angle of 62 degree. Of particular interest, the skyrmion bundle with Q = 0 propagates collinearly with respect to the current flow without the skyrmion Hall effect. Our results open a new perspective for possible applications of multi Q magnetic objects in future spintronic devices.
Mesoleptidea stalii
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Mesoleptidea
Mesoleptidea stalii

description: Mesoleptidea stalii (HOLMGREN, 1858)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 4: 1♀ 27.vii.-10.viii.; trap 8: 2♁♁ 15-29.vi.; trap 12: 1♀ 27.vii.-10.viii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Transpalaearctic, new record for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 89, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10415120
Investigating the role of EGF-CFC gene family in recurrent pregnancy loss through bioinformatics and molecular approaches
Creators: name: Bremm, João Matheus
name: Boquett, Juliano André
name: Michels, Marcus Silva
name: Kowalski, Thayne Woycinck
name: Gomes, Flávia Gobetti
name: Vianna, Fernanda Sales Luiz
name: Sanseverino, Maria Teresa Vieira
name: Fraga, Lucas Rosa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is the most common reproductive failure, reaching 1-5% of women throughout their lives, and having unknown etiology in 50% of the cases. In humans, EGF-CFC1 (Epidermal Growth Factors & Cripto/FRL-1/Cryptic) gene family is composed by TDGF1 and CFC1, two developmental genes. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of EGF-CFC on RPL. To this, multiple approaches were performed; we conducted an expression analysis of TDGF1 and CFC1 using publicly available data from Gene Omnibus Expression (GEO), systems biology analyses and functional prediction; and a molecular analysis carried out in a case-control study. Our GEO analysis showed a decrease in TDGF1 expression in the endometrium (p=0.049) and CFC1 expression in placenta (p=0.015) of women with RPL. Network analysis, gene ontology and literature pointed to a strong connection between EGF-CFC1 gene family to pathways that play key roles during pregnancy, including TGF-β, c-Src/MAPK/AKT, Notch, TNFα, IFNγ and IL-6. A pathogenicity score developed for this gene family showed that the c.-14+1429T>C (rs3806702) variant in the TDGF1 and the p.Arg47Gln (rs201431919) variant in CFC1 gene would be the ones with the highest deleterious effect for RPL. In the case-control study, which involved 149 women with RPL and 159 controls, no statistical difference was observed in the allele and genotype distributions of the variants studied in the two groups. In this study, we performed extensive bioinformatics analysis for biomarker prioritization followed by experimental validation of proposed selected markers. Although there is no statistical difference in the frequencies of these variants between RPL and controls, the expression analysis results suggest that TDGF1 and CFC1 genes might play a role in RPL. In addition, systems biology analyzes raise the hypothesis that genes in other signaling pathways that may be related to RPL as good candidates for future studies. Abbreviations RPL: recurrent pregnancy loss; EGF-CFC1: Epidermal Growth Factors – Cripto/FRL-1; GEO: Gene Omnibus Expression; KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
Bacterial communities in bovine ejaculates and their impact on the semen quality
Creators: name: Ďuračka, Michal
name: Belić, Ljubica
name: Tokárová, Katarína
name: Žiarovská, Jana
name: Kačániová, Miroslava
name: Lukáč, Norbert
name: Tvrdá, Eva
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Although bacterial contamination of ejaculates may cause difficulties in cattle reproduction, standard protocols for a routine microbiological analysis of bovine semen are still missing. Understanding of the mechanisms of bacterial damage to spermatozoa may contribute to the prevention and management of bacteriospermia in the future. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate bacterial profiles of fresh bovine ejaculates (n = 30), while at the same time we focused on assessing the relationships between bacteriospermia and selected sperm quality parameters as well as an array of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers. The samples were divided into three quality groups according to the sperm motility: Excellent (EX) – over 90% > Good (GO) – between 89% and 80% > Moderate (MO) – under 80%. The results showed a significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in the GO group when compared to the EX group. In the MO group, a deterioration of almost all quality parameters was observed when compared to the EX group. In particular, sperm motility, mitochondrial membrane potential, ROS production and IL-6 concentration exhibited a significant decline. Pearson correlation analysis revealed positive associations among bacterial load and the presence of leukocytes in semen (r = 0.965), malondialdehyde concentration (r = 0.816) and DNA fragmentation (r = 0.784). MALDI-TOF MS Biotyper analysis showed a prevalence of the Staphylococcus genus. The quantification of bacterial colonies revealed a significantly increased (P Abbreviations: EX: Excellent; GO: Good; MO: Moderate; MOT: Motility; ROS: Reactive Oxygen Species; MMP: Mitochondrial Membrane Potential; IL-1: Interleukin 1; IL-6: Interleukin 6; IL-8: Interleukin 8; IL–12: Interleukin 12; CRP: C-reactive protein; DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid; MALDI-TOF MS: Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization–Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry; LPO: Lipid peroxidation; CFU: Colony-forming units MDA: Malondialdehyde; CASA: Computer-assisted Sperm Analysis; WS: Working solution; RIPA: Radio–immunoprecipitation assay; TBARS: Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; BHB: D–β–hydroxybutyrate.
Universal Short-Distance Structure of the Single-Particle Spectral Function of Dilute Fermi Gases
Creators: name: Schneider, William
name: Randeria, Mohit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the universal $1/k^4$ tail in the momentum distribution of dilute Fermi gases implies that the spectral function $A(\kk,ω)$ must have weight below the chemical potential for large momentum $k \gg k_F$, with observable consequences in RF spectroscopy experiments. We find that this incoherent spectral weight is centered about $ω\simeq - ε(\kk)$ in a range of energies of order $v_F k$. This "bending back" in the dispersion, while natural for superfluids, is quite surprising for normal gases. This universal structure is present in the hard-sphere gas as well as the Fermi liquid ground state of the highly imbalanced, attractive gas near unitarity. We argue that, even in the BCS superfluid, this bending back at large $k$ is dominated by interaction effects which do not reflect the pairing gap.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Accuracy of environmental tracers and consequence for determining the Type Ia Supernovae magnitude step
Creators: name: Briday, M.
name: Rigault, M.
name: Graziani, R.
name: Copin, Y.
name: Aldering, G.
name: Amenouche, M.
name: Brinnel, V.
name: Kim, A. G.
name: Kim, Y. -L.
name: Lezmy, J.
name: Nicolas, N.
name: Nordin, J.
name: Perlmutter, S.
name: Rosnet, P.
name: Smith, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) are standardizable candles that allow us to measure the recent expansion rate of the Universe. Due to uncertainties in progenitor physics, potential astrophysical dependencies may bias cosmological measurements if not properly accounted for. The dependency of the intrinsic luminosity of SNe Ia with their host-galaxy environment is often used to standardize SNe Ia luminosity and is commonly parameterized as a step function. This functional form implicitly assumes two-populations of SNe Ia. In the literature, multiple environmental indicators have been considered, finding different, sometimes incompatible, step function amplitudes. We compare these indicators in the context of a two-populations model, based on their ability to distinguish the two populations. We show that local H$α$-based specific star formation rate (lsSFR) and global stellar mass are better tracers than, for instance, host galaxy morphology. We show that tracer accuracy can explain the discrepancy between the observed SNe Ia step amplitudes found in the literature. Using lsSFR or global mass to distinguish the two populations can explain all other observations, though lsSFR is favoured. As lsSFR is strongly connected to age, our results favour a prompt and delayed population model. In any case, there exists two populations that differ in standardized magnitude by at least $0.121\pm0.010\,\mathrm{mag}$.
description: Has been accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics (A&A)
The Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX): Description and Early Pilot Survey Results
Creators: name: Hill, G. J.
name: Gebhardt, K.
name: Komatsu, E.
name: Drory, N.
name: MacQueen, P. J.
name: Adams, J.
name: Blanc, G. A.
name: Koehler, R.
name: Rafal, M.
name: Roth, M. M.
name: Kelz, A.
name: Gronwall, C.
name: Ciardullo, R.
name: Schneider, D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX) will outfit the 10 m HET with a new wide field and an array of 150 integral-field spectrographs to survey a 420 sq. deg. area in the north Galactic cap. Each fiber-coupled unit spectrograph will cover 350-550 nm, simultaneously. This instrument, called VIRUS, will produce ~34,000 spectra per exposure, and will open up the emission-line universe to large surveys for the first time. The survey will detect 0.8 million Lyman-alpha emitting (LAE) galaxies with 1.9
description: 4 pages, 1 Postscript figure. Paper presented at conference "Panoramic Views of the Universe", Hayama, Japan, December 2007 (ASP Conference Series, in press)
The logbook of Pointed Hopf algebras over the sporadic groups
Creators: name: Andruskiewitsch, N.
name: Fantino, F.
name: Graña, M.
name: Vendramin, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16W30

description: In this notes we give details of the proofs performed with GAP of the theorems of our paper "Pointed Hopf Algebras over the Sporadic Simple Groups".
description: 22 pages, final version
X-type vortex and its effect on beam shaping
Creators: name: Pang, Xiaoyan
name: Xiao, Weiwei
name: Zhang, Han
name: Feng, Chen
name: Zhao, Xinying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we propose a new type of optical vortex, the X-type vortex. This vortex inherits and develops the conventional noncanonical vortex, i.e., it no longer has a constant phase gradient around the center, while the intensity keeps invariant azimuthally. The strongly focusing properties of the X-type vortex and its effect on the beam shaping in three-dimensional (3D) fields are analyzed. The interesting phenomena, which cannot be seen in canonical vortices, are observed, for instance the 'switch effect' which shows that the intensity pattern can switch from one transverse axis to another in the focal plane by controlling the phase gradient parameter. It is shown that by adjusting the phase gradient of this vortex, the focal field can have marvelous patterns, from the doughnut shape to the shapes with different lobes, and the beam along propagation direction will form a twisting shape in 3D space with controllable rotation direction and location. The physical mechanisms underlying the rule of the beam shaping are also discussed, which generally say that the phase gradient of the X-type vortex, the orbital angular momentum, the polarization and the 'nongeneric' characteristic contribute differently in shaping fields. This new type of vortex may supply a new freedom for tailoring 3D optical fields, and our work will pave a way for exploration of new vortices and their applications.
Effects of magnetism and electric field on the energy gap of bilayer graphene nanoflakes
Creators: name: Sahu, Bhagawan
name: Min, Hongki
name: Banerjee, Sanjay K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of magnetism and perpendicular external electric field strengths on the energy gap of length confined bilayer graphene nanoribbons (or nanoflakes) as a function of ribbon width and length using a \textit{first principles} density functional electronic structure method and a semi-local exchange-correlation approximation. We assume AB (Bernal) bilayer stacking and consider both armchair and zigzag edges, and for each edge type, we consider the two edge alignments, namely, $α$ and $β$ edge alignment. For the armchair nanoflakes we identify three distinct classes of bilayer energy gaps, determined by the number of carbon chains in the width direction ({\it N} = 3{\it p}, 3{\it p}+1 and 3{\it p}+2, {\it p} is an integer), and the gaps decrease with increasing width except for class 3{\it p}+2 armchair nanoribbons. Metallic-like behavior seen in armchair bilayer nanoribbons are found to be absent in armchair nanoflakes. Class 3{\it p}+2 armchair nanoflakes show significant length dependence. We find that the gaps decrease with the applied electric fields due to large intrinsic gap of the nanoflake. The existence of a critical gap with respect to the applied field, therefore, is not predicted by our calculations. Magnetism between the layers plays a major role in enhancing the gap values resulting from the geometrical confinement, hinting at an interplay of magnetism and geometrical confinement in finite size bilayer graphene.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, title changed, typos corrected
Quantum strings in AdS5 x S5 and AdS/CFT duality
Creators: name: Tseytlin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some recent progress in understanding the spectrum of energies/dimensions of strings/operators in AdS5 x S5 -- planar N=4 super Yang-Mills correspondence. We consider leading strong coupling corrections to the energy of lightest massive string modes in AdS5 x S5, which should be dual to members of the Konishi operator multiplet in the SYM theory. This determines the general structure of strong-coupling expansion of the anomalous dimension of the Konishi operator. Following arXiv:0906.4294 we use 1-loop results for semiclassical string states to extract information about the leading coefficients in this expansion.
description: 13 pages. Contribution to proceedings of the conference: "Crossing the boundaries: Gauge dynamics at strong coupling", honoring the 60th birthday of M.A. Shifman, Minneapolis, May 14-17, 2009. misprints corrected
Supercoherent states of the open NS world sheet superstring
Creators: name: Hameeda, Mir
name: Rocca, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The supercoherent states of the RNS string are constructed using the covariant quantization and analogously the light cone quantization formalisms. Keeping intact the original definition of coherent states of harmonic oscillators, we extend the bosonic annihalation operator into the superspace by inclusion of fermionic contribution to oscillator modes thus construct the supercoherent states with supersymetric harmonic oscillator. We analyse the statistics of these states by explicitly calculating the Mandel parameter and obtained interesting results about the nature of distribution of the states
Electrically stabilized magnetic vortex and antivortex states in magnetic dielectrics
Creators: name: Pyatakov, A. P.
name: Meshkov, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The micromagnetic distribution in a dielectric nanoparticle is theoretically considered. It is shown that the existence of inhomogeneous magnetoelectric interaction in magnetic dielectrics provides the possibility to stabilize the vortex and antivortex state. The estimation of the critical voltage necessary for vortex/antivortex nucleation in bismuth ferrite and iron garnet nanoparticles yields a value of +/-150 V. This system can be considered as electrically switchable two state-logic magnetic element.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure
Gamma-ray polarization constraints on Planck scale violations of special relativity
Creators: name: Maccione, Luca
name: Liberati, Stefano
name: Celotti, Annalisa
name: Kirk, John G.
name: Ubertini, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using recent polarimetric observations of the Crab Nebula in the hard X-ray band by INTEGRAL, we show that the absence of vacuum birefringence effects constrains O(E/M) Lorentz violation in QED to the level |ξ| < 9x10^{-10} at three sigma CL, tightening by more than three orders of magnitude previous constraints. We show that planned X-ray polarimeters have the potential the potential to probe |ξ|~ 10^{-16} by detecting polarization in active galaxies at red-shift ~1.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Stochastic Dynamical Structure (SDS) of Nonequilibrium Processes in the Absence of Detailed Balance. IV: Emerging of Stochastic Dynamical Equalities and Steady State Thermodynamics from Darwinian Dynamics
Creators: name: Ao, P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This is the fourth paper, the last one, on solution to the problem of absence of detailed balance in nonequilibrium processes. It is an approach based on another known universal dynamics: The evolutionary dynamics first conceived by Darwin and Wallace, referring to as Darwinian dynamics in the present paper, has been found to be universally valid in biology; The statistical mechanics and thermodynamics, while enormously successful in physics, have been in an awkward situation of wanting a consistent dynamical understanding; Here we present from a formal point of view an exploration of the connection between thermodynamics and Darwinian dynamics and a few related topics. We first show that the stochasticity in Darwinian dynamics implies the existence temperature, hence the canonical distribution of Boltzmann-Gibbs type. In term of relative entropy the Second Law of thermodynamics is dynamically demonstrated without detailed balance condition, and is valid regardless of size of the system. In particular, the dynamical component responsible for breaking detailed balance condition does not contribute to the change of the relative entropy. Two types of stochastic dynamical equalities of current interest are explicitly discussed in the present approach: One is based on Feynman-Kac formula and another is a generalization of Einstein relation. Both are directly accessible to experimental tests. Our demonstration indicates that Darwinian dynamics represents logically a simple and straightforward starting point for statistical mechanics and thermodynamics and is complementary to and consistent with conservative dynamics that dominates the physical sciences. Present exploration suggests the existence of a unified stochastic dynamical framework both near and far from equilibrium.
description: latex, 49 pages
On the formal theory of pseudomonads and pseudodistributive laws
Creators: name: Gambino, Nicola
name: Lobbia, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D05, 18C15, 18C20

description: We contribute to the formal theory of pseudomonads, i.e. the analogue for pseudomonads of the formal theory of monads. In particular, we solve a problem posed by Steve Lack by proving that, for every Gray-category K, there is a Gray-category Psm(K) of pseudomonads, pseudomonad morphisms, pseudomonad transformations and pseudomonad modifications in K. We then establish a triequivalence between Psm(K) and the Gray-category of pseudomonads introduced by Marmolejo. Finally, these results are applied to give a clear account of the coherence conditions for pseudodistributive laws. 41 pages. Comments welcome.
description: 41 pages. Comments welcome
Turbulence-induced transport dynamo mechanism
Creators: name: Ryu, Chang-Mo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transport dynamo mechanism, which describes the magnetic field generation by diffusion flow is reviewed. In this mechanism, the cross-field transport caused by the random motion of fluid breaks the frozen-flux approximation, and the resulting cross-field diffusion that can generate the magnetic field. Turbulence can play an important role in inducing such random motion. Compared to the conventional dynamo mechanism, this transport mechanism has several special features that the field generation can occur on a very slow time scale because the mechanism is mediated by diffusion and that this mechanism is practically meaningful only when there is density inhomogeneity. Turbulence can significantly enhance cross-field diffusion far beyond collisional transport. The physical meanings of the diffusion-generated magnetic fields are discussed in detail.
description: 13 pages,2 figures
Dissecting the Gravitational Lens B1608+656. II. Precision Measurements of the Hubble Constant, Spatial Curvature, and the Dark Energy Equation of State
Creators: name: Suyu, S. H.
name: Marshall, P. J.
name: Auger, M. W.
name: Hilbert, S.
name: Blandford, R. D.
name: Koopmans, L. V. E.
name: Fassnacht, C. D.
name: Treu, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong gravitational lens systems with measured time delays between the multiple images provide a method for measuring the "time-delay distance" to the lens, and thus the Hubble constant. We present a Bayesian analysis of the strong gravitational lens system B1608+656, incorporating (i) new, deep Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations, (ii) a new velocity dispersion measurement of 260+/-15 km/s for the primary lens galaxy, and (iii) an updated study of the lens' environment. When modeling the stellar dynamics of the primary lens galaxy, the lensing effect, and the environment of the lens, we explicitly include the total mass distribution profile logarithmic slope gamma' and the external convergence kappa_ext; we marginalize over these parameters, assigning well-motivated priors for them, and so turn the major systematic errors into statistical ones. The HST images provide one such prior, constraining the lens mass density profile logarithmic slope to be gamma'=2.08+/-0.03; a combination of numerical simulations and photometric observations of the B1608+656 field provides an estimate of the prior for kappa_ext: 0.10 +0.08/-0.05. This latter distribution dominates the final uncertainty on H_0. Compared with previous work on this system, the new data provide an increase in precision of more than a factor of two. In combination with the WMAP 5-year data set, we find that the B1608+656 data set constrains the curvature parameter to be -0.031 < Omega_k < 0.009 (95% CL), a level of precision comparable to that afforded by the current Type Ia SNe sample. Asserting a flat spatial geometry, we find that, in combination with WMAP, H_0 = 69.7 +4.9/-5.0 km/s/Mpc and w=-0.94 +0.17/-0.19 (68% CL), suggesting that the observations of B1608+656 constrain w as tightly as do the current Baryon Acoustic Oscillation data. (abridged)
description: 24 pages, 8 figures, revisions based on referee's comments, accepted for publication in ApJ
An evaluation of noise barriers designed for truck traffic
Creators: name: Jenkins, Robert Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Recently attention has been directed towards noise resulting from traffic on arterials, especially those arterials carrying high volumes of truck traffic. This thesis addresses the question, "Are there traffic noise barrier designs which reduce noise effectively when employed on arterials carrying high volumes of truck traffic?". Criteria for evaluating barriers are derived from existing research and are the following: 1) Noise attenuation effectiveness. 2) Aesthetic impact. 3) Circulation effectiveness (pedestrian and vehicular). 4) Cost. Noise attenuation effectiveness is dealt with more extensively than the other criteria. A noise prediction method is selected from three methods used in recent traffic noise research. The criteria for selection of the Ontario Noise Prediction Method are based on its comparative: 1) Accuracy; 2) Comprehensiveness (capability to deal with diverse traffic situations such as low traffic volumes, truck traffic and barrier configurations); 3) Simplicity of application. Target noise level standards are developed considering both ambient noise levels and speech interference criteria. Five design archetypes based on existing research are introduced. These designs involve lowered roadbeds, berms (earth mounds), and combinations of these structures. The archetypes are evaluated with respect to a case study situation involving the potential conflict between truck traffic from the Coquitlam River area and the proposed Coquitlam Town Centre located in the Lower Fraser Valley Region of British Columbia. Important in the case study is consideration of future truck and auto volumes which will generate the noise and consideration of the land use types bordering the route. Different target noise levels are suggested for different land use types. Each of the archetypes plus a control situation (no noise barrier) are evaluated with respect to the criteria of noise attenuation effectiveness, aesthetic impact, circulation effectiveness and cost. Conclusions and recommendations result regarding the effectiveness of the archetypes. Employing the Ontario Noise Prediction Method appears to be a successful means of evaluating barrier noise attenuation effectiveness. All barrier designs are considerably more desirable with respect to target noise levels than the control situation. However, desirable reductions in noise are only realized at elevations lower than 40 feet above ground as noise shadows created by the barrier configurations do not extend above this height. The designs which are most expensive from a construction standpoint entail the widest right of way width. If the purchase of land is considered in a total cost the extra land costs could override the cheaper construction costs. The designs are comparable from a circulation standpoint but the berm designs emerge as more aesthetically effective. Employing the methodology suggested in the thesis (and outlined here) constitutes an effective means of evaluating traffic noise barriers.
Quantum Model of Bertrand Duopoly
Creators: name: Khan, Salman
name: Ramzan, M.
name: Khan, M. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the quantum model of Bertrand duopoly and study the entanglement behavior on the profit functions of the firms. Using the concept of optimal response of each firm to the price of the opponent, we found only one Nash equilibirum point for maximally entangled initial state. The very presence of quantum entanglement in the initial state gives payoffs higher to the firms than the classical payoffs at the Nash equilibrium. As a result the dilemma like situation in the classical game is resolved.
description: 9 pages, 2 .eps figure
Audio-based Musical Version Identification: Elements and Challenges
Creators: name: Yesiler, Furkan
name: Doras, Guillaume
name: Bittner, Rachel M.
name: Tralie, Christopher J.
name: Serrà, Joan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this article, we aim to provide a review of the key ideas and approaches proposed in 20 years of scientific literature around musical version identification (VI) research and connect them to current practice. For more than a decade, VI systems suffered from the accuracy-scalability trade-off, with attempts to increase accuracy that typically resulted in cumbersome, non-scalable systems. Recent years, however, have witnessed the rise of deep learning-based approaches that take a step toward bridging the accuracy-scalability gap, yielding systems that can realistically be deployed in industrial applications. Although this trend positively influences the number of researchers and institutions working on VI, it may also result in obscuring the literature before the deep learning era. To appreciate two decades of novel ideas in VI research and to facilitate building better systems, we now review some of the successful concepts and applications proposed in the literature and study their evolution throughout the years.
description: Accepted to be published in IEEE Signal Processing Magazine
Phobetes leptocerus
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Phobetes
Phobetes leptocerus

description: Phobetes leptocerus (GRAVENHORST, 1820)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap4:1♁ 15-29.vi., 1♁ 13-27.vii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Transpalaearctic, new record for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 90, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10415120
Rotational stabilization and destabilization of an optical cavity
Creators: name: Habraken, Steven J. M.
name: Nienhuis, Gerard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of rotation about the axis of an astigmatic two-mirror cavity on its optical properties. This simple geometry is the first example of an optical system that can be destabilized and, more surprisingly, stabilized by rotation. As such, it has some similarity with both the Paul trap and the gyroscope. We illustrate the effects of rotational (de)stabilization of a cavity in terms of the spatial structure and orbital angular momentum of its modes.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review A
The antenna phase center motion effect in high-accuracy spacecraft tracking experiments
Creators: name: Litvinov, D. A.
name: Nunes, N. V.
name: Filetkin, A. I.
name: Bartel, N.
name: Gurvits, L. I.
name: Calves, G. Molera
name: Rudenko, V. N.
name: Zakhvatkin, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an improved model for the antenna phase center motion effect for high-gain mechanically steerable ground-based and spacecraft-mounted antennas that takes into account non-perfect antenna pointing. Using tracking data of the RadioAstron spacecraft we show that our model can result in a correction of the computed value of the effect of up to $2\times10^{-14}$ in terms of the fractional frequency shift, which is significant for high-accuracy spacecraft tracking experiments. The total fractional frequency shift due to the phase center motion effect can exceed $1\times10^{-11}$ both for the ground and space antennas depending on the spacecraft orbit and antenna parameters. We also analyze the error in the computed value of the effect and find that it can be as large as $4\times10^{-14}$ due to uncertainties in the spacecraft antenna axis position, ground antenna axis offset and misalignment, and others. Finally, we present a way to reduce both the ground and space antenna phase center motion effects by several orders of magnitude, e.g. for RadioAstron to below $1\times10^{-16}$, by tracking the spacecraft simultaneously in the one-way downlink and two-way phase-locked loop modes, i.e. using the Gravity Probe A configuration of the communications links.
description: 19 pages, 15 figures, to appear in Advances in Space Research
Syndipnus pannicularius
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Syndipnus
Syndipnus pannicularius

description: Syndipnus pannicularius (HOLMGREN, 1857)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 7: 1♁ 23.iv.-5.v.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Holarctic, new record for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 90, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10415120
Derived functors of non-additive functors and homotopy theory
Creators: name: Breen, Lawrence
name: Mikhailov, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18G55, 55Q40

description: We develop a functorial approach to the study of the homotopy groups of spheres and Moore spaces $M(A,n)$, based on the Curtis spectral sequence and the decomposition of Lie functors as iterates of simpler functors such as the symmetric or exterior algebra functors. The discussion takes place over the integers, and includes a functorial description of the derived functors of certain Lie algebra functors, as well as of all the main cubical functors (such as the degree 3 component $SP^3$ of the symmetric algebra functor). As an illustration of this method, we retrieve in a purely algebraic manner the 3-torsion component of the homotopy groups of the 2-sphere up to degree 14, and give a unified presentation of homotopy groups $π_i(M(A,n))$ for small values of both $n$ and $i$.
description: The text has been corrected and augmented. The former appendix A has been omitted, and will be posted separately
Hyperspectral Neutron CT with Material Decomposition
Creators: name: Balke, Thilo
name: Long, Alexander M.
name: Vogel, Sven C.
name: Wohlberg, Brendt
name: Bouman, Charles A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Energy resolved neutron imaging (ERNI) is an advanced neutron radiography technique capable of non-destructively extracting spatial isotopic information within a given material. Energy-dependent radiography image sequences can be created by utilizing neutron time-of-flight techniques. In combination with uniquely characteristic isotopic neutron cross-section spectra, isotopic areal densities can be determined on a per-pixel basis, thus resulting in a set of areal density images for each isotope present in the sample. By preforming ERNI measurements over several rotational views, an isotope decomposed 3D computed tomography is possible. We demonstrate a method involving a robust and automated background estimation based on a linear programming formulation. The extremely high noise due to low count measurements is overcome using a sparse coding approach. It allows for a significant computation time improvement, from weeks to a few hours compared to existing neutron evaluation tools, enabling at the present stage a semi-quantitative, user-friendly routine application.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Non-archimedean analysis on the extended hyperreal line $^*R_d$ and the solution of some very old transcendence conjectures over the field $Q$
Creators: name: Foukzon, Jaykov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 00A05, 03H05, 54J05 03B10

description: In this paper possible completion $^*R_{d}$ of the Robinson non-archimedean field $^*R$ constructed by Dedekind sections. Given an class of analytic functions of one complex variable $f \in C[z]$,we investigate the arithmetic nature of the values of $f$ at transcendental points $e^{n}$. Main results are: 1) the both numbers $e+π$ and $eπ$ are irrational, 2) number $e^{e}$ is transcendental. Nontrivial generalization of the Lindemann-Weierstrass theorem is obtainedNon conservative extensions of the canonical nonstandard analysis also is considered.
description: 139pp.1figures arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:math/0604466 by other authors
Nitrogen abundances in giant stars of the globular cluster NGC 6752
Creators: name: Yong, David
name: Grundahl, Frank
name: Johnson, Jennifer A.
name: Asplund, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present N abundances for 21 bright giants in the globular cluster NGC 6752 based on high-resolution UVES spectra of the 3360A NH lines. We confirm that the Stromgren c1 index traces the N abundance and find that the star-to-star N abundance variation is 1.95 dex, at the sample's luminosity. We find statistically significant correlations, but small amplitude variations, between the abundances of N and alpha-, Fe-peak, and s-process elements. Analyses using model atmospheres with appropriate N, O, Na, and Al abundances would strengthen, rather than mute, these correlations. If the small variations of heavy elements are real, then the synthesis of the N anomalies must take place in stars which also synthesize alpha-, Fe-peak, and s-process elements. These correlations offer support for contributions from both AGB and massive stars to the globular cluster abundance anomalies.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Allomacrus arcticus
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Allomacrus
Allomacrus arcticus

description: Allomacrus arcticus (HOLMGREN, 1880)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap12: 1♀ 29.vi.-13.vii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Holarctic, known from Georgia (HUMALA 2003).
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 90, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10415120
Electron-avalanche amplifier based on the electronic Venturi effect
Creators: name: Taubert, D.
name: Schinner, G. J.
name: Tranitz, H. P.
name: Wegscheider, W.
name: Tomaras, C.
name: Kehrein, S.
name: Ludwig, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scattering of otherwise ballistic electrons far from equilibrium is investigated in a cold two-dimensional electron system. The interaction between excited electrons and the degenerate Fermi liquid induces a positive charge in a nanoscale region which would be negatively charged for diffusive transport at local thermal equilibrium. In a three-terminal device we observe avalanche amplification of electrical current, resulting in a situation comparable to the Venturi effect in hydrodynamics. Numerical calculations using a random phase approximation are in agreement with our data and suggest Coulomb interaction as the dominant scattering mechanism.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Hyperacmus crassicornis
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Hyperacmus
Hyperacmus crassicornis

description: Hyperacmus crassicornis (GRAVENHORST, 1829)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 2: 1♀ 7-21.ix.; trap 15: 2♀♀ 14-28.vii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Transpalaearctic, known from Georgia (HUMALA 2003, RIEDEL et al. 2018).
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 90, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10415120