Smicridea (Smicridea) caaguara Desiderio, Pes & Hamada 2021, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Desiderio, Gleison Robson
name: Pes, Ana Maria
name: Andrade-Souza, Vanderly
name: Hamada, Neusa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Trichoptera
Hydropsychidae
Smicridea
Smicridea caaguara

description: Smicridea (Smicridea) caaguara Desiderio, Pes & Hamada sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6BC132ED-63EA-4E0C-A18F-7D2A367B0C0E
Figs 3, 4C – D, 7 – 8
Diagnosis
This new species is another member of the albosignata complex; it is most similar to the nominal species S. albosignata based on the enlarged, slightly bifid apex of the apical segment of the inferior appendage. However, the lateral margin of tergum X in the new species is rounded in dorsal view, while in S. albosignata this structure is straight. Both species also differ in the shape of the tergum X apex: in S. albosignata it is acute in dorsal view, while in S. caaguara sp. nov. it is rounded. Additionally, S. albosignata has the apex of tergum X with a subtriangular apicomesal flap directed laterad in dorsal view, while in S. caaguara sp. nov. this flap is absent. The new species also can be recognized by the distinct and complex phallotremal sclerite in dorsal view.
Etymology
The specific epithet is a reference to the indigenous people known as caaguaras, first inhabitants of the São Francisco de Paula municipality, which is the type locality of this species. This name is used as a noun in apposition.
Material examined
Holotype BRAZIL • ♂; Rio Grande do Sul, São Francisco de Paula, Floresta Nacional São Francisco de Paula, Arroio Lajeado; 29°25′57.01″ S, 50°22′22.5″ W; 832 m a.s.l.; 30 Aug.–2 Sep. 2015; N. Hamada, C.J. Benetti, G.P. Dantas and A.M.O. Pes leg.; INPA-TRI 000110.
Paratype BRAZIL • 1 ♂; Rio Grande do Sul, Agudo, Cascata Raddatz, Arroio Teotônia; 29°35′12.05″ S, 53°10′49.8″ W; 248 m a.s.l.; 25 Aug. 2015; N. Hamada, C.J. Benetti, G.P. Dantas and A.M.O. Pes leg.; INPA-TRI 000111.
Description
Adult male (Figs 7–8)
FOREWING LENGTH. 4.70, 5.92 mm (n = 2).
COLOR. General color dark brown (in alcohol) (Fig. 7A). Antennae brown (Fig. 7A). Head dark brown, with brown setae on dorsum (Fig. 7B–C); dorsally with weakly pronounced median suture; with five setal warts; anteromesal wart small, rounded; anterolateral pair undivided, weakly delimited; posterolateral pair large, ovoid (Fig. 7C). Maxillary palp with segments 1–4 increasing gradually about 0.8× in size toward more apical segments, segment 5 long, about 1.2× as long as all previous segments combined (Fig. 7B). Thorax dark brown, covered with brown setae; legs brown, with mid-leg tarsi yellowish (Fig. 7A). Wing venation typical for subgenus (Fig. 7D–E). Forewings, in alcohol, grayish to dark brown, with white transverse band subapically on pterostigma reaching base of R4+5 and small white spot on apex of Cu2 (Fig. 7D). Sternum V with anterolateral glandular processes slightly longer than sternum. Abdominal segments VI and VII with 2 pairs of internal glands, both pairs longer than their segments (Fig. 7F).
MALE GENITALIA (Fig. 8). Segment IX in lateral view with anterolateral margin nearly straight, weakly sclerotized (Fig. 8A); posterodorsal margin bearing small spicules, distributed in two dark, narrow parallel bands (Fig. 8B). Tergum X elongate; in lateral view, ventrolateral margin strongly sclerotized, with eight to 10 medium-sized, thin setae on apical third; apex produced and upturned (Fig. 8A); in dorsal view, lateral margin rounded; dorsomesal setose area bearing six to eight medium-sized, thin setae; divided apicomesally by V-shaped incision about ⅓ its length; apex of tergite rounded, with about three short, thin setae (Fig. 8B). Inferior appendages 2-segmented; basal segment long, slightly inflated distally, covered with long, thin setae, with pair of long, stout apical spine-like setae on mesal margin; apical segment short, about ½ as long as basal segment, thick, curved medially, apex enlarged and slightly bifid with numerous short, acuminate setae on mesal margin (Fig. 8B). Phallic apparatus long and tubular; basal section, in lateral view, enlarged, 3× diameter of phallotheca at its narrowest point, forming an angle of about 105° with apical section; median section of phallotheca straight, with dorsal periphalic cap sclerotized and flattened (Fig. 8C); apex enlarged, with pair of claw-shaped internal dorsolateral plates, longer than basal width, curved mesally and directed posterad; endothecal membranes without spines; phallotremal sclerite, in dorsal view, distinct, strongly sclerotized, proximal region slender, rod-like, divided distally in two subtriangular lateral flaps (Fig. 8D–E); in lateral view, proximal region with small middorsal lobe, distally directed downward (Fig. 8C). Ejaculatory duct of endophallus, in lateral view, distinct, slightly sclerotized (Fig. 8C).
Bionomics
The males of S. caaguara sp. nov. were collected near medium-sized streams, about 5.0 m wide, located in the Pampa-Atlantic Forest transition zone in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The vegetation of the collections sites varies from Grassy–Woody Steppe (Arroio Lageado – Rio dos Sinos Basin, Fig 4C) to Seasonal Deciduous Forest (Arroio Teotônia – Rio Jacuí Basin, Fig 4D). The streams have bedrock and fast-flowing water, with cloudy and alkaline water (pH 7.9), conductivity 25–50.4 μScm-1, and water temperatures of 15–16.4°C.
Distribution (Fig. 3)
Brazil: Atlantic Forest (Rio Grande do Sul).
description: Published as part of Desiderio, Gleison Robson, Pes, Ana Maria, Andrade-Souza, Vanderly & Hamada, Neusa, 2021, The Smicridea (Smicridea) fasciatella species group (Trichoptera: Hydropsychidae) in Brazil: six new species and new distributional records, pp. 156-196 in European Journal of Taxonomy 750 (1) on pages 168-171, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.750.1371, http://zenodo.org/record/5451710