cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
AdS Black Holes with a Bouncing Interior
Creators: name: Hartnoll, Sean A.
name: Neogi, Navonil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct planar black hole solutions of AdS gravity minimally coupled to a scalar field with an even, super-exponential potential. We show that the evolution of the black hole interior exhibits an infinite sequence of Kasner epochs, as the scalar field rolls back and forth in its potential. We obtain an analytic expression for the `bounces' between each Kasner epoch and also give an explicit formula for the times and strengths of the bounces at late interior times, thereby fully characterizing the interior evolution. In this way we show that the interior geometry approaches the Schwarzschild singularity at late times, even as the scalar field is driven higher up its potential with each bounce.
description: 18 pages. 6 figures. v2: References added. v3: minor changes
Massive binary black holes from population II and III Stars
Creators: name: Costa, Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: black hole physics
gravitational waves
methods: numerical
stars: Population II
stars: Population III

description: Pop III stars, born from the primordial gas in the Universe, lose a negligible fraction of their mass via stellar winds and possibly follow a top-heavy mass function. Hence, they have often been regarded as the ideal progenitors of massive black holes (BHs), even above the pair-instability mass gap. 
In this talk, I present the new models of Pop III (metallicity, Z = 10$^−11$) and Pop II (Z = 10$^−4$) stars computed with the PARSEC stellar evolutionary code. Then, I will show a large set of Pop III and Pop II binary stars computed with our population-synthesis code SEVN. 
The comparison shows only mild differences between binary BHs (BBHs) properties born from Pop III and II stars, especially if we adopt the same initial mass function and initial orbital properties. Most BBH mergers born from Pop III and II stars have primary BH mass below the pair-instability gap, and the maximum secondary BH mass is < 50 Msun. Only up to ~3.3 per cent (~0.09 per cent) BBH mergers from Pop III (II) progenitors have the primary mass above the gap. Moreover, we find that, unlike metal-rich binary stars, the main formation channel of BBH mergers from Pop III and II stars involves only stable mass transfer episodes in our fiducial model.
Probing right-handed neutrinos dipole operators
Creators: name: Barducci, Daniele
name: Bertuzzo, Enrico
name: Taoso, Marco
name: Toni, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the minimal see-saw extension of the Standard Model with two right-handed singlet fermions $N_{1,2}$ with mass at the GeV scale, augmented by an effective dipole operator between the sterile states. We firstly review current bounds on this effective interaction from fixed-target and collider experiments as well as from astrophysical and cosmological observations. We then highlight the prospects for testing the decay $N_2 \to N_1 γ$ induced by the dipole at future facilities targeting long lived particles such as ANUBIS, CODEX-b, FACET, FASER 2, MAPP and SHiP.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures, matches published version
Sub-ohmic two-level system representation of the Kondo effect
Creators: name: Baruselli, Pier Paolo
name: Fabrizio, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been recently shown that the particle-hole symmetric Anderson impurity model can be mapped onto a $Z_2$ slave-spin theory without any need of additional constraints. Here we prove by means of Numerical Renormalization Group that the slave-spin behaves in this model like a two-level system coupled to a sub-ohmic dissipative environment. It follows that the $Z_2$ symmetry gets spontaneously broken at zero temperature, which we find can be identified with the on-set of Kondo coherence, being the Kondo temperature proportional to the square of the order parameter. Since the model is numerically solvable, the results are very enlightening on the role of quantum fluctuations beyond mean field in the context of slave-boson approaches to correlated electron models, an issue that has been attracting interest since the 80's. Finally, our results suggest as a by-product that the paramagnetic metal phase of the Hubbard model at half-filling, in infinite coordination lattices and at zero temperature, as described for instance by Dynamical Mean Field Theory, corresponds to a slave-spin theory with a spontaneous breakdown of a local $Z_2$ gauge symmetry.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
An Immunocytochemical Profile of the Endocrine Pancreas Using an Occlusive Duct Ligation Model
Creators: name: Page, Benedict J
name: Du Toit, Don F
name: Muller, Christo JF
name: Mattysen, Johannes
name: Lyners, Romeo
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 2016
Subjects: Cell Differentiation; Islets of Langerhans; Ligation; Pancreas

description: Context Ligation of the pancreatic duct, distally to its confluence into the bile duct has been shown to induce endocrine tissue regeneration. The surplus endocrine tissue formed is presumed to be able to replace pathologically and/or experimentally compromised tissue. Objective This is a quantitative study on the histology of duct ligated pancreas employing immunocytochemistry and computerised morphometry. Interventions Pancreatic duct ligation was performed on 25 groups of six normal Sprague-Dawley rats. Experimental animals were sacrificed at 12-hour intervals from day one to ten post-duct ligation and every 24 hours thereafter to day 14, the pancreas removed, fixed and processed. Six consecutive 3-6 micron serial sections were cut on a rotary hand microtome, floated onto 3-aminopropyl-trimethoxysilan coated slides and alternatively immunocytochemically stained for insulin, glucagon, pancreatic polypeptide and somatostatin. Results Pancreas transformation between days ½ and 3½ was characterised by acinar deletion and the appearance of immunoreactive cells for the primary endocrine hormones. Transdifferentiation of existing endocrine tissue saw islet insulin core cells replaced by pancreatic polypeptide- and somatostatin positive cells, glucagon deletion and random appearance of all endocrine cell types within the inter-islet interstitium by day 3½. Days 4 to 14 were characterised by cellular migration and islet reconstruction. Conclusions To date our laboratory has investigated transplantation of foetal tissue beneath the renal capsule in syngeneic, isogeneic and allogeneic normal and diabetic rats. As pancreatic duct ligation induces the development of surplus endocrine tissue our next step would be to investigate the use of ligated pancreas as a replacement for foetal tissue.

Image: Arrangement of bile and pancreatic ducts in the laboratory rat.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 4 (2000): November - p. 178-210
An oscillator circuit to produce a radio-frequency discharge and application to metastable helium saturated absorption spectroscopy
Creators: name: Moron, F.
name: Hoendervanger, A. L.
name: Bonneau, M.
name: Bouton, Q.
name: Aspect, A.
name: Boiron, D.
name: Clément, D.
name: Westbrook, C. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an rf gas discharge apparatus which provides an atomic frequency reference for laser manipulation of metastable helium. We discuss the biasing and operation of a Colpitts oscillator in which the discharge coil is part of the oscillator circuit. Radiofrequency radiation is reduced by placing the entire oscillator in a metal enclosure.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Severe Hypophosphatemia in a Patient with Acute Pancreatitis
Creators: name: Rizos, Evagelos
name: Alexandrides, George
name: Elisaf, Moses S
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 2016
Subjects: Hypophosphatemia; Pancreatitis; Phosphorus Metabolism Disorders; Water-Electrolyte Imbalance

description: Context We describe a patient with alcohol-induced pancreatitis who developed severe life-threatening hypophosphatemia of multifactorial origin during hospitalization. Case Report Decreased phosphate levels along with urine phosphate wasting were already noticed on the patient's admission due to underlying chronic alcoholism. However, a further deterioration of hypophosphatemia appeared on the second day of hospitalization presumably resulting from an increased transfer of phosphate from extracellular to intracellular fluid. Conclusions Phosphate deficiency is often overlooked in patients with acute pancreatitis. Our case emphasizes that serum phosphate levels should be checked along with serum calcium levels in patients with acute pancreatitis, especially in alcoholic patients.

Image: Theodore Papagianni sculpture at the University of Ioannina, Greece.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 4 (2000): November - p. 178-210
Point-like defect on Schrödinger particles under flux field with harmonic oscillator plus Mie-type potential: application to molecular potentials
Creators: name: Ahmed, Faizuddin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this analysis, we study the quantum motions of a non-relativistic particle confined by the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) flux field with harmonic oscillator plus Mie-type potential in a point-like defect. We determine the eigenvalue solution of the particles analytically and discuss the effects of the topological defect and flux field with this potential. This eigenvalue solution is then used in some diatomic molecular potential models (harmonic oscillator plus Kratzer, modified Kratzer and attractive Coulomb potentials) and presented as the eigenvalue solutions. Afterwards, we consider a general potential form (superposition of pseudoharmonic plus Cornell-type potential) in the quantum system and analyse the effects of various factors on the eigenvalue solution. It is shown that the eigenvalue solutions are modified by the topological defect of a point-like global monopole and flux field compared to the results obtained in the flat space
description: 21 pages, 2 figures, overall presentation improved, accepted for publication in Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences (https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2022.0624)
Body-centric and shadow-based interaction for large wall displays
Creators: name: Shoemaker, Garth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: We are entering an era in human-computer interaction where new display form factors, including large displays, promise to efficiently support an entire class of tasks that were not properly supported by traditional desktop computing interfaces. We develop a "body-centric" model of interaction appropriate for use with very large wall displays. We draw on knowledge of how the brain perceives and operates in the physical world, including the concepts of proprioception, interaction spaces, and social conventions, to drive the development of novel interaction techniques. The techniques we develop include an approach for embodying the user as a virtual shadow on the display, which is motivated by physical shadows and their affordances. Other techniques include methods for selecting and manipulating virtual tools, data, and numerical values by enlisting different parts of the user's body, methods for easing multi-user collaboration by exploiting social norms, and methods for mid-air text input. We then present a body-centric architecture for supporting the implementation of interaction techniques such as the ones we designed. The architecture maintains a computational geometric model of the entire scene, including users, displays, and any relevant physical objects, which a developer can query in order to develop novel interaction techniques or applications. Finally, we investigate aspects of low-level human performance relevant to a body-centric model. We conclude that traditional models of performance, particularly Fitts' law, are inadequate when applied to physical pointing on large displays where control-display gain can vary widely, and we show that an approach due to Welford is more suitable. Our investigations provide a foundation for a comprehensive body-centric model of interaction with large wall displays that will enable a number of future research directions.
Microvascular Complications in Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes Mellitus: a Case Report.
Creators: name: Scott, Andrew IR
name: Clarke, Belinda E
name: Healy, Helen
name: D'Emden, Michael
name: Bell, Scott C
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 2016
Subjects: Amitriptyline; Ceftazidime; Cystic Fibrosis (therapy); Diabetes Mellitus (therapy); Diabetic Angiopathies; Diabetic Nephropathies; Diabetic Retinopathy; Diclofenac; HLA-DR Antigens; Lisinopril

description: Context The prevalence of cystic fibrosis-related diabetes mellitus is increasing and is associated with increased survival from cystic fibrosis. Case Report This study describes a case of the premature onset of disabling and widespread microvascular complications resulting from cystic fibrosis-related diabetes mellitus. Previously asymptomatic retinopathy was diagnosed on recognition of diabetic nephropathy. Conclusions The treatment of pulmonary exacerbations has become more complex due to the nephrotoxic potential of intravenous aminoglycoside drugs which are frequently used to control chronic Pseudomonas infection in cystic fibrosis.

Image: Renal biopsy: glomeruli with a global increase in the mesangial matrix.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 4 (2000): November - p. 178-210
Leveraging Low-Energy Structural Thermodynamics in Halide Perovskites
Creators: name: Rosales, Bryan A.
name: Schutt, Kelly
name: Berry, Joseph J.
name: Wheeler, Lance M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) combine extraordinary optoelectronic properties with chemical and mechanical properties not found in their semiconductor counterparts. For instance, they exhibit optoelectronic properties on par with single-crystalline gallium arsenide yet exhibit near-zero formation energies. The small lattice energy of MHPs means they undergo a rich diversity of polymorphism near standard conditions similar to organic materials. MHPs also demonstrate ionic transport as high as state-of-the-art battery electrodes. The most widespread applications for metal halide perovskites (e.g. photovoltaics and solid-state lighting) typically view low formation energies, polymorphism, and high ion transport as a nuisance that should be eliminated. Here, we put these properties into perspective by comparing them to other technologically relevant semiconductors in order to highlight how unique this combination of properties is for semiconductors and to illustrate ways to leverage these properties in emerging applications.
Probing our Solar Neighbourhood: Stellar Yields, Formation Scenarios, Stellar Radial Migration
Creators: name: MARCO, MARCO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Chemical abundance ratios are fundamental fossil signatures used to trace the star formation history of the MW disc. In particular, [α/Fe] abundance ratios have been used to divide it into two main populations, i.e., the low-α and high-α ones. Despite extensive observational and theoretical efforts, persistent discrepancies between models are still present, prompting various hypotheses to explain this [α/Fe] bimodality.
In this talk, I will present the outcomes of a thorough comparison between a novel AMBRE:HARPS dataset of local stars (dsun < 300 pc), offering improved and more accurate [Mg/Fe] estimations and reliable stellar ages, and detailed chemical evolution models for the solar vicinity. Specifically, we explored diverse prescriptions for stellar yields and formation scenarios for the Galactic disc, including the revised two-infall and parallel scenarios. Furthermore, we investigated the impact of stellar radial migration - an approach rarely adopted in "pure" chemical evolution models.
By leveraging a wealth of chemical, age, and orbital information, we were able to establish constraints on Mg stellar production and refine our understanding of the evolutionary scenarios within the solar vicinity. Additionally, we shed light on the influence of stellar migration within a few hundred parsecs of the Sun, also gaining valuable insights into the chemical evolution of both inner and outer Galactic regions.
The VPOS: a vast polar structure of satellite galaxies, globular clusters and streams around the Milky Way
Creators: name: Pawlowski, M. S.
name: Pflamm-Altenburg, J.
name: Kroupa, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been known for a long time that the satellite galaxies of the Milky Way (MW) show a significant amount of phase-space correlation, they are distributed in a highly inclined Disc of Satellites (DoS). We have extended the previous studies on the DoS by analysing for the first time the orientations of streams of stars and gas, and the distributions of globular clusters within the halo of the MW. It is shown that the spatial distribution of MW globular clusters classified as young halo clusters (YH GC) is very similar to the DoS, while 7 of the 14 analysed streams align with the DoS. The probability to find the observed clustering of streams is only 0.3 per cent when assuming isotropy. The MW thus is surrounded by a vast polar structure (VPOS) of subsystems (satellite galaxies, globular clusters and streams), spreading from Galactocentric distances as small as 10 kpc out to 250 kpc. These findings demonstrate that a near-isotropic infall of cosmological sub-structure components onto the MW is essentially ruled out because a large number of infalling objects would have had to be highly correlated, to a degree not natural for dark matter sub-structures. The majority of satellites, streams and YH GCs had to be formed as a correlated population. This is possible in tidal tails consisting of material expelled from interacting galaxies. We discuss the tidal scenario for the formation of the VPOS, including successes and possible challenges. The potential consequences of the MW satellites being tidal dwarf galaxies are severe. If all the satellite galaxies and YH GCs have been formed in an encounter between the young MW and another gas-rich galaxy about 10-11 Gyr ago, then the MW does not have any luminous dark-matter substructures and the missing satellites problem becomes a catastrophic failure of the standard cosmological model.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. An animation of Figure 5 can be found at http://youtu.be/nUwxv-WGfHM
Linking infinite bond-dimension matrix product states with frustration-free Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Schossler, Matheus
name: Chen, Li
name: Seidel, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of frustration-free Hamiltonians and their relation to finite bond-dimension matrix product states (MPS) has a long tradition. However, fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states do not quite fit into this theme since the known MPS representations of their ground states have infinite bond dimensions, which considerably obscures the relations between such MPS representations and the existence of frustration-free parent Hamiltonians. This is related to the fact that the latter necessarily are of infinite range in the orbital basis. Here, we present a theorem tailored to establishing the existence of frustration-free parent Hamiltonians in such a context. We explicitly demonstrate the utility of this theorem in the context of non-Abelian Moore-Read FQH states but argue the applicability of this theorem to transcend considerably beyond the realm of conformal-field-theory-derived MPSs or quasi-one-dimensional Hilbert spaces.
Chronic Pancreatitis: Relationship to Acute Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Cancer
Creators: name: Talamini, Giorgio
name: Falconi, Massimo
name: Bassi, Claudio
name: Mastromauro, Marina
name: Salvia, Roberto
name: Pederzoli, Paolo
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 1970
Subjects: Adenocarcinoma; Alcohol Drinking; Carcinogens; Cystic Fibrosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Epidemiology; Genetics; Incidence; Neoplasms; Risk Factors; Smoking

description: No abstract available.

Image: University of Verona logo. Verona, Italy.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 3S (2000): September (Suppl.) - p. 69-177
Elasticity of Diamond at High Pressures and Temperatures
Creators: name: Valdez, M. Núñez
name: Umemoto, K.
name: Wentzcovitch, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine density functional theory within the local density approximation, the quasiharmonic approximation, and vibrational density of states to calculate single crystal elastic constants, and bulk and shear moduli of diamond at simultaneous high pressures and temperatures in the ranges of 0-500 GPa and 0-4800 K. Comparison with experimental values at ambient pressure and high temperature shows an excellent agreement for the first time with our first-principles results validating our method. We show that the anisotropy factor of diamond increases to 40% at high pressures and becomes temperature independent.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Considerations on the modified Maxwell electrodynamics in the presence of an electric and magnetic background
Creators: name: Neves, M. J.
name: Gaete, Patricio
name: Ospedal, L. P. R.
name: Helayël-Neto, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of the modified Maxwell electrodynamics (ModMax) are investigated in presence of external and uniform electric and magnetic fields. We expand the non-linear theory around an electromagnetic background up to second order in the propagating fields to obtain the permittivity and permeability tensors, dispersion relations, group velocity and refractive indices as functions of external fields. The case with perpendicular background fields is contemplated. The phenomenon of birefringence is discussed and the fundamental role of the ModMax parameter becomes clear. We calculate the difference of the refractive indices in terms of this parameter and the external fields. Finally, we set up a scenario where the axion is present and compute the interaction energy for the coupled axion-ModMax electrodynamics if a magnetic background field is considered. This calculation is carried out in the framework of the gauge-invariant, but path-dependent variables formalism. Our results show that the interaction energy contains a linear component, leading to the confinement of static probe charges where the interference between the ModMax parameter, the axion mass and the axion-photon coupling constant is pointed out.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, published version in Physical Review D
Finite temperature equilibrium density profiles of integrable systems in confining potentials
Creators: name: Kethepalli, Jitendra
name: Bagchi, Debarshee
name: Dhar, Abhishek
name: Kulkarni, Manas
name: Kundu, Anupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the equilibrium density profile of particles in two one-dimensional classical integrable models, namely hard rods and the hyperbolic Calogero model, placed in confining potentials. For both of these models the inter-particle repulsion is strong enough to prevent particle trajectories from intersecting. We use field theoretic techniques to compute the density profile and their scaling with system size and temperature, and compare them with results from Monte-Carlo simulations. In both cases we find good agreement between the field theory and simulations. We also consider the case of the Toda model in which inter-particle repulsion is weak and particle trajectories can cross. In this case, we find that a field theoretic description is ill-suited due to the lack of a thermodynamic length scale. The density profiles for the Toda model obtained from Monte-Carlo simulations can be understood by studying the analytically tractable harmonic chain model (Hessian approximation of the Toda model). For the harmonic chain model one can derive an exact expression for the density that shines light on some of the qualitative features of the Toda model in a quadratic trap. Our work provides an analytical approach towards understanding the equilibrium properties for interacting integrable systems in confining traps.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures
The Pathological Point of View
Creators: name: Zamboni, Giuseppe
name: Capelli, Paola
name: Pesci, Anna
name: Beghelli, Stefania
name: Lüttges, Jütta
name: Kölppel, Günter
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 1970
Subjects: Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Infiltrating Duct; Pancreas; Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures; Lymph Node Excision; Metaplasia; Pancreatic Neoplasms (classification, genetics); Pancreaticoduodenectomy; Pathology

description: No abstract available.

Image: Pancreaticoduodenectomy specimen.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 3S (2000): September (Suppl.) - p. 69-177
How we think about numbers: early counting and mathematical abstraction
Creators: name: Wege, Theresa
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2023

description: As children learn to count, they make one of their first mathematical abstractions. They initially learn how numbers in the count sequence correspond to quantities of physical things if the rules of counting are followed (i.e., if you say the numbers in order “one two three four …” as you tag each thing with a number). Around the age of four-years-old, children discover that these rules also define numbers in relation to each other, such that numbers contain meaning in themselves and without reference to the physical world (e.g., “five” is “one” more than “four”). It is through learning to count, that children discover the natural numbers as mathematical symbols defined by abstract rules.In this dissertation, I explored the developmental trajectory and the cognitive mechanisms of how we gain an understanding of the natural numbers as children. I present new methodological, empirical, and theoretical insights on how and when in the process of learning to count, children discover that numbers represent cardinalities, that numbers can be defined in relation to each other by the successor function and that numbers refer to units. Lastly, I explore this mathematical abstraction as the foundation of how we think about numbers as adults.My work critically tested prominent theories on how learning to count gives meaning to numbers through analogical mapping and conceptual bootstrapping. Findings across five empirical studies suggest that the process is more gradual and continuous than previous theories have proposed. Children begin to understand numbers as cardinalities defined in relation to other numbers by the successor function before they fully grasp the rules of counting. With learning the rules of counting this understanding continuously expands and matures. I further suggest that children may only fully understand numbers as abstract mathematical symbols once they understand how counting and numbers refer to the abstract notion of units rather than to physical things.The central finding of this dissertation is that learning to count does not change children’s understanding of numbers altogether and all at once. Nonetheless, when learning to count, children accomplish a fascinating mathematical abstraction, which builds the foundation for lifelong mathematical learning.
New route for stabilization of 1T-WS2 and MoS2 phases
Creators: name: Enyashin, Andrey N.
name: Yadgarov, Lena
name: Houben, Lothar
name: Popov, Igor
name: Weidenbach, Marc
name: Tenne, Reshef
name: Bar-Sadan, Maya
name: Seifert, Gotthard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenon of a partial 2H\rightarrow1T phase transition within multiwalled WS2 nanotubes under substitutional Rhenium doping is discovered by means of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Using density-functional calculations for the related MoS2 compound we consider a possible origin of this phase transition, which was known formerly only for WS2 and MoS2 intercalated by alkali metals. An interplay between the stability of layered or nanotubular forms of 2H and 1T allotropes is found to be intimately related with their electronic structures and electro-donating ability of an impurity.
description: submitted to JPC on 09th August 2011, still under revision!
The Clinical Point of View
Creators: name: Pulay, István
name: Tihanyi, Tibor F
name: Flautner, Lajos
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 1970
Subjects: Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Human; Male; Pancreatitis; Pancreatic Neoplasms

description: Surgeons frequently find pancreatic head mass when operating. The obvious difficulty is to make the correct preoperative differential diagnosis between chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic tumor. The first step is to reach a diagnosis, with some certainty, prior to the operation. The second step in the case of a tumor is the accurate staging and deciding whether or not it is resectable. On the one hand, time and cost must be considered; on the other hand, the therapy must be decided. Obtaining information about the characteristics of the pancreatic disease (nature, size, exact location) and establishing the tissue diagnosis preoperatively may simplify the decision to operate and the operation itself. In the case of chronic pancreatitis, the aim of the operation is to eliminate pain and other symptoms, while in the case of cancer, the purpose is to remove the malignant tissue. In most patients, it is possible to identify the disease on the basis of previous examinations together with preoperative diagnostic techniques such as exploration, palpation and fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Chronic pancreatic head mass should be operated upon with Beger’s or Frey’s procedure while pancreatic head tumors should be treated by means of head resection with the aim of preserving the pylorus or the Whipple procedure may be used. When the diagnosis is in doubt, a radical approach is thought to be best. Our conclusion is that there is no diagnostic method capable of making a definitive differential diagnosis as to the nature of the pancreatic head mass. Further study is required as to the extent to which differential diagnosis should be investigated.

Image: 1st Surgical Department, Semmelweis University. Budapest, Hungary.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 3S (2000): September (Suppl.) - p. 69-177
Street walking quality of the ‘Centro’ district, Madrid
Creators: name: Ortega, Emilio
name: Martín, Belén
name: Ágata De Isidro
name: Cuevas-Wizner, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Walking provides a number of health, social and environmental benefits for urban sustainability, which is why it has become attractive from the perspective of sustainable transport planning. The concept of walkability is related with the built environment and land use to facilitate walking to activities in an area. The aim of this work is to provide a set of street walking quality maps for the ‘Centro’ district in Madrid (Spain), covering four categories of walking needs: attractiveness, comfort, safety and accessibility. They classify the streets from least to most walkable in relation to each other. The maps are built using 21 urban environmental factors selected from the literature. The values for each factor are computed in each street from open access databases and combined following the PROMETHEE II method function in order to assign a street value for each of the four classes of walking needs.
Discussion of "Impact of Frequentist and Bayesian Methods on Survey Sampling Practice: A Selective Appraisal" by J. N. K. Rao
Creators: name: Sedransk, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This comment emphasizes the importance of model checking and model fitting when making inferences about finite population quantities. It also suggests the value of using unit level models when making inferences for small subpopulations, that is, "small area" analyses [arXiv:1108.2356].
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-STS346B the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Aspects of N-partite information in conformal field theories
Creators: name: Agón, César A.
name: Bueno, Pablo
name: Andino, Oscar Lasso
name: López, Alejandro Vilar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present several new results for the $N$-partite information, $I_N$, of spatial regions in the ground state of $d$-dimensional conformal field theories. First, we show that $I_N$ can be written in terms of a single $N$-point function of twist operators. Using this, we argue that in the limit in which all mutual separations are much greater than the regions sizes, the $N$-partite information scales as $I_N \sim r^{-2NΔ}$, where $r$ is the typical distance between pairs of regions and $Δ$ is the lowest primary scaling dimension. In the case of spherical entangling surfaces, we obtain a completely explicit formula for the $I_4$ in terms of 2-, 3- and 4-point functions of the lowest-dimensional primary. Then, we consider a three-dimensional scalar field in the lattice. We verify the predicted long-distance scaling and provide strong evidence that $I_N$ is always positive for general regions and arbitrary $N$ for that theory. For the $I_4$, we find excellent numerical agreement between our general formula and the lattice result for disk regions. We also perform lattice calculations of the mutual information for more general regions and general separations both for a free scalar and a free fermion, and conjecture that, normalized by the corresponding disk entanglement entropy coefficients, the scalar result is always greater than the fermion one. Finally, we verify explicitly the equality between the $N$-partite information of bulk and boundary fields in holographic theories for spherical entangling surfaces in general dimensions.
description: 39 pages + appendices, 12 figures
Ultrasonography
Creators: name: Costa, Pier Lorenzo
name: Tassinari, Maurizio
name: Bondi, Antonella
name: Conti, Claudio
name: Valentini, Paolo
name: Versari, Giovanna
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 1970
Subjects: Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatitis; Ultrasonography

description: No abstract available.

Image: Transverse power Doppler scan in a patient with cystic dystrophy of the duodenal wall.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 3S (2000): September (Suppl.) - p. 69-177
Distributed order reaction-diffusion systems associated with Caputo derivatives
Creators: name: Saxena, R. K.
name: Mathai, A. M.
name: Haubold, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 26A33, 44A10, 33C60

description: This paper deals with the investigation of the solution of an unified fractional reaction-diffusion equation of distributed order associated with the Caputo derivatives as the time-derivative and Riesz-Feller fractional derivative as the space-derivative. The solution is derived by the application of the joint Laplace and Fourier transforms in compact and closed form in terms of the H-function. The results derived are of general nature and include the results investigated earlier by other authors, notably by Mainardi et al. [23,24], for the fundamental solution of the space-time fractional equation, including Haubold et al. [13] and Saxena et al. [38] for fractional reaction-diffusion equations. The advantage of using the Riesz-Feller derivative lies in the fact that the solution of the fractional reaction-diffusion equation, containing this derivative, includes the fundamental solution for space-time fractional diffusion, which itself is a generalization of fractional diffusion, space-time fraction diffusion, and time-fractional diffusion. These specialized types of diffusion can be interpreted as spatial probability density functions evolving in time and are expressible in terms of the H-function in compact forms. The convergence conditions for the double series occurring in the solutions are investigated. It is interesting to observe that the double series comes out to be a special case of the Srivastava-Daoust hypergeometric function of two variables given in the Appendix B of this paper.
description: 13 pages, Plain TeX
Exechia neorepanda Lindemann 2021
Creators: name: El Mouden, Mohamed Amin
name: Chandler, Peter J.
name: Saidoun, Imane
name: Driauach, Ouafaa
name: Belqat, Boutaïna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Mycetophilidae
Exechia
Exechia neorepanda

description: Exechia neorepanda Lindemann, 2021
Material examined.
Morocco – Middle Atlas Region • 1 ♂; Grotte Bouslama; 19/V/2022; K. Aattouch, M. El Ouahabi and M. A. El Mouden leg; UAE-FST MA 22/24117.
North African distribution.
New to Morocco and North Africa.
description: Published as part of El Mouden, Mohamed Amin, Chandler, Peter J., Saidoun, Imane, Driauach, Ouafaa & Belqat, Boutaïna, 2025, A new species of Docosia Winnertz, 1864 and new records of fungus gnats (Diptera, Bolitophilidae, Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae) from North Africa, pp. 349-379 in ZooKeys 1233 on pages 349-379, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1233.130502
Computed Tomography Scan
Creators: name: Winternitz, Tamás
name: Habib, Hay
name: Kiss, Katalin
name: Tihanyi, Tibor
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 1970
Subjects: Carcinoma; Diagnosis, Differential; Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures; Neoplasm Staging; Pancreatic Diseases; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatic Pseudocyst; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

description: The diagnosis of different pancreatic diseases has recently become a recurrent problem. In cases with pancreatic head mass the main question is the differentiation between malignant and benign lesions. When a neoplasm is suspected, the main task is to judge operability. The usefulness of computed tomography imaging in the evaluation of pancreatic carcinoma has been well established. In this article the authors discuss the possibilities of computed tomography (CT) in diagnostic work-up.

Image: CT after contrast medium administration shows multiple cystic lesions in the head of the pancreas.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 3S (2000): September (Suppl.) - p. 69-177
Temporality of urban space: daily rhythms of a typical week day in the Prague metropolitan area
Creators: name: Jiří Nemeškal
name: Ouředníček, Martin
name: Pospíšilová, Lucie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: The aim of this paper is to reveal, describe, explain, and map variations in diurnal population in the metropolitan area of Prague. We use an alternative data source to traditional census-based cartographic presentations and employ location data from mobile phones to identify types of daily rhythm that shape the region at different times during a typical weekday. These rhythms are influenced especially by residential and commercial suburbanization and the consequent dynamic development of new working centres, services, and leisure-time facilities within the metropolitan region. The main output consists of three maps. The first map contains a typology of the main functions – residential, work, transportation, and services – and is used as the main analytical tool for sorting settlements, resulting in classification of nine types of settlement in all. The other two maps show a plastic image of the day- and night-time populations of the metropolitan area.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Creators: name: Ragozzino, Alfonso
name: Scaglione, Mariano
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 1970
Subjects: Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; Diagnostic Imaging; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance; Pancreatic Neoplasms

description: No abstract available.

Image: MR study of the pancreas: normal anatomy.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 3S (2000): September (Suppl.) - p. 69-177
ERCP and EUS
Creators: name: Cipolletta, Livio
name: Bianco, Maria Antonia
name: Rotondano, Gianluca
name: Marmo, Riccardo
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 1970
Subjects: Biopsy, Needle; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; Diagnosis; Endosonography; Neoplasm Staging; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Ultrasonography

description: No abstract available.

Image: Diagnosis of portal vein invasion with EUS.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 3S (2000): September (Suppl.) - p. 69-177
Effect of temperature anisotropy on the dynamics of geodesic acoustic modes
Creators: name: Sama, J. N.
name: Biancalani, A.
name: Bottino, A.
name: Chavdarovski, I.
name: Del Sarto, D.
name: Ghizzo, A.
name: Hayward-Schneider, T.
name: Lauber, P.
name: Rettino, B.
name: Vannini, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we revisit the linear gyro-kinetic theory of geodesic acoustic modes (GAMs) and derive a general dispersion relation for an arbitrary equilibrium distribution function of ions. A bi-Maxwellian distribution of ions is then used to study the effects of ion temperature anisotropy on GAM frequency and growth rate. We find that ion temperature anisotropy yields sensible modifications to both the GAM frequency and growth rate as both tend to increase with anisotropy and these results are strongly affected by the electron to ion temperature ratio.
Bazzoni-Glaz Conjecture
Creators: name: Donadze, Guram
name: Thomas, Viji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13B25, 13D05, 13F05, 16E30 (Primary) 16E65 (Secondary)

description: In their paper, Bazzoni and Glaz conjecture that the weak global dimension of a Gaussian ring is $0,1$ or $\infty$. In this paper, we prove their conjecture.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1107.0440
Tetrahedral frame fields via constrained third order symmetric tensors
Creators: name: Golovaty, Dmitry
name: Kurzke, Matthias
name: Montero, Jose Alberto
name: Spirn, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tetrahedral frame fields have applications to certain classes of nematic liquid crystals and frustrated media. We consider the problem of constructing a tetrahedral frame field in three dimensional domains in which the boundary normal vector is included in the frame on the boundary. To do this we identify an isomorphism between a given tetrahedral frame and a symmetric, traceless third order tensor under a particular nonlinear constraint. We then define a Ginzburg-Landau-type functional which penalizes the associated nonlinear constraint. Using gradient descent, one retrieves a globally defined limiting tensor outside of a singular set. The tetrahedral frame can then be recovered from this tensor by a determinant maximization method, developed in this work. The resulting numerically generated frame fields are smooth outside of one dimensional filaments that join together at triple junctions.
Angiography
Creators: name: Morelli Coppola, Giuseppe
name: Niola, Raffaella
name: Maglione, Franco
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 1970
Subjects: Angiography; Biopsy, Needle; Carcinoma; Drainage; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Radiology, Interventional; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

description: No abstract available.

Image: Example of vascular acrade significant in the angiographic management of bleeding.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 3S (2000): September (Suppl.) - p. 69-177
title: Stress rotation – impact and interaction of rock stiffness and faults
Creators: name: Reiter, Karsten
Publisher: name: Copernicus
Year: 2021

description: It has been assumed that the orientation of the maximum horizontal compressive stress (SHmax) in the upper crust is governed on a regional scale by the same forces that drive plate motion. However, several regions are identified where stress orientation deviates from the expected orientation due to plate boundary forces (first-order stress sources), or the plate wide pattern. In some of these regions, a gradual rotation of the SHmax orientation has been observed. Several second- and third-order stress sources have been identified in the past, which may explain stress rotation in the upper crust. For example, lateral heterogeneities in the crust, such as density and petrophysical properties, and discontinuities, such as faults, are identified as potential candidates to cause lateral stress rotations. To investigate several of these candidates, generic geomechanical numerical models are set up with up to five different units, oriented by an angle of 60° to the direction of shortening. These units have variable (elastic) material properties, such as Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio and density. In addition, the units can be separated by contact surfaces that allow them to slide along these vertical faults, depending on a chosen coefficient of friction. The model results indicate that a density contrast or the variation of Poisson's ratio alone hardly rotates the horizontal stress (≦17°). Conversely, a contrast of Young's modulus allows significant stress rotations of up to 78°, even beyond the vicinity of the material transition (>10 km). Stress rotation clearly decreases for the same stiffness contrast, when the units are separated by low-friction discontinuities (only 19° in contrast to 78°). Low-friction discontinuities in homogeneous models do not change the stress pattern at all away from the fault (>10 km); the stress pattern is nearly identical to a model without any active faults. This indicates that material contrasts are capable of producing significant stress rotation for larger areas in the crust. Active faults that separate such material contrasts have the opposite effect – they tend to compensate for stress rotations.