cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Cost of Crime: The HAVEN Conceptual Framework for Measuring Victim Harms from Violence
Creators: name: Roman, Caterina G.
name: Roman, John K.
name: Washburn, Anthony
name: Brey, Jesse T.
name: Navarro, Elena I.
name: Rodriguez, Sofia
name: Reist, Benjamin M.
name: Ko, Pingjui
name: Collins, Kathryn
name: Truchil, Aaron
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Valid and reliable measures of the harms to victims of crime are critical inputs to policy choices. Recent advances in cost-benefit methodology allow these measures to be directly estimated in causal models, but these models require individual- or event-level data. This article presents a new conceptual framework, known as HAVEN (Harms After Victimization: Experiences and Needs), for individual victim harm measurement. Guided by the conceptual framework, these models solve three critical problems in victim harm measurement: they motivate data linkage across medical and legal systems (and other) data; they integrate the log-normal distribution of harms into the framework and thereby include catastrophic costs as valid measures rather than exclude as outliers; and they prioritize integrated systems data (i.e. medical-legal) rather than single system measures of victimization harm. The conceptual framework also creates a dynamic framework to expand individual- and event-level harm measurement in future studies.
An Examination of the Crop Acreage Allocation Decision Process under Uncertainty
Creators: name: Lee, Young-Jae
name: Kennedy, P. Lynn
name: Lee, Young-Jae
name: Kennedy, P. Lynn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Acreage Allocation
subject: Uncertainty
subject: Price
subject: Yield
subject: Risk Preference

description: This study seeks to determine the workings of a system of acreage allocation given price and yield uncertainty so as to identify the role that uncertainty in market output has in acreage allocation decisions. This study adapts expected utility as developed by Chavas and Holt. The major findings of this study are as follows: 1) the effect of wealth in acreage decisions depends not only on the risk preference of the farm but also on the risk in and the structure of the output market, 2) violation of symmetry can come from (i) differing expectations regarding yield and price, (ii) risk differences in the price and yield for each crop, and/or (iii) different risk preferences among farm households, 3) the non-negativity of own compensated acreage effects would be satisfied if Proposition 1 or 2 holds, 4) production decisions would be affected by price and yield risk even when all input and output prices change proportionally, in which case homogeneity would not be satisfied without Proposition 1, and 5) symmetry of expected price and yield requires additional restrictions on the ratio of expected yields and prices and responsiveness of acreage to cross yield and price.
title: Low Wage Growth and Job-to-Job Transitions: Evidence from Administrative Data in New Zealand
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Ball, Christopher
name: Groshenny, Nicolas
name: Karagedikli, Özer
name: Özbilgin, Murat
name: Robinson, Finn
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft

description: By using administrative data fromNew Zealand, we assess the relative importance of job-finding, and job-to-job transition rates for wage dynamics. We exploit the regional variation and find that wages are closely linked to job-to-job transitions and less so to the job- finding rate. Further, the impact of the job-to-job transition rate is stronger at the lower half of the wage distribution. Overall, our findings are similar to Karahan et al. (2017) for the US, which support the prominence of on-the-job search for cyclical wage dynamics.
Spatial Effects of Cocoa Production on Rural Economy in Idanre-Ifedore Area, Ondo State of Nigeria
Creators: name: Adefila, J.O.
name: Adefila, J.O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Cocoa Production Rural Economy Challenges

description: Agriculture has been the main-stay of Nigeria’s economy of which cocoa production plays a significant role in the acceleration of the national gross domestic product (GDP), in terms of employment generation, feeding the local industries with raw materials and sustains the rural livelihood until about the mid-1970s that witnessed oil boom resulting in the neglect of the sector coupled with the introduction of structural adjustment programme (SAP) in 1986 that killed the morale of cocoa producers. The cardinal objective of the study was to examine the effects of cocoa industry on the rural livelihoods in Idanre-Ifedore area, Ondo State of Nigeria. Primary data were generated from 80 randomly sampled households in the study area. Also, a focus group discussion was conducted among the communities that were involved in cocoa production. Secondary data were collected from the ministry of agriculture and rural development, cocoa development units, cocoa research institute of Nigeria (CRIN), official gazettes, federal office of statistics and documented materials. The study employed descriptive statistics namely mean, averages and percentages to summarize the data. Also, inferential statistics such as analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression statistics were employed to analyse the data. It revealed F-test value of 3.85 and a critical value of 2.53 indicates a significant variation in cocoa output at 0.05 probability level among the farmers in the study area. The study examined the relationship between cocoa output and socio-economic traits of the farmers. The regression result showed that age of cocoa farmers (r = .825), annual income (r = .631), age of cocoa farms (r = .755) and cocoa farm size (r = .648) have strong positive correlation coefficients while family size (r = .385) and cocoa farming experience (r = .413) were found to be positive but weak correlation at 0.05 alpha value. On the basis of the findings, one recommends among other things a mass enlightenment campaign at community levels through cocoa research institutes and field extension workers persuading farmers to be planting hybrid disease-resistant cocoa trees to replace the moribund trees. Moreover, government should increase producer price in order to encourage the potential cocoa farmers to put in their best and subsidize the agro-chemicals thereby making it affordable for peasant farmers. By doing so, the country can still assume her rightful position as one of the leading countries as exporter of cocoa in the world.
Production of Biodiesel and Growth of Staurastrum sp. in Response to CO2 Induction
Creators: name: Salim, Mohamad Agus
name: Yuniarti, Yeni
name: Taufikurohman, Opik
name: Salim, Mohamad Agus
name: Yuniarti, Yeni
name: Taufikurohman, Opik
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Biodiesel
subject: CO2
subject: Growth
subject: Staurastrum sp

description: The research has been conducted to know the influences of CO2 induction to cell density and biodiesel production of Staurastrum sp microalgae. The experiment design was completely randomized design with ten replications. The treatments comprising of 3 kinds: CO2 induction, air induction and control (without treatment). At peak population, the highest density for CO2 induction was 8,895,520 cell.mL-1 at the day of seven, for air induction 5,690,880 cell.mL-1 at the day of eight and control 2,578,045 cell.mL-1 at the day of ten. The highest fresh weight and dry weight was occurred in Staurastrum sp culture with treatment CO2 induction followed by air induction and control. The highest oil production was occurred in Staurastrum sp culture with treatment CO2 induction followed by air induction and control. The highest biodiesel production was occurred in Staurastrum sp culture with treatment CO2 induction at 31.95%-weight followed by air induction at 19.65%-weight and control at 16.52%-weight.
Critical properties of the two-dimensional $q$-state clock model
Creators: name: Li, Zi-Qian
name: Yang, Li-Ping
name: Xie, Z. Y.
name: Tu, Hong-Hao
name: Liao, Hai-Jun
name: Xiang, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform the state-of-the-art tensor network simulations directly in the thermodynamic limit to clarify the critical properties of the $q$-state clock model on the square lattice. We determine accurately the two phase transition temperatures through the singularity of the classical analog of the entanglement entropy, and provide extensive numerical evidences to show that both transitions are of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) type for $q\ge 5$ and that the low-energy physics of this model is well described by the $\mathbb{Z}_q$-deformed sine-Gordon theory. We also determine the characteristic conformal parameters, especially the compactification radius, that govern the critical properties of the intermediate BKT phase.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures plus supplemental material; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E (Rapid Com.), minor typo corrections
Modelling the impact of policy incentives on CO2 emissions from passenger light duty vehicles in five major economies with a dynamic model of technological change
Creators: name: Lam, Aileen
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: CO2 emissions
Integrated Assessment Model
Passenger car

description: Low-emission vehicle technologies are needed to mitigate rising greenhouse gas emissions from passenger light-duty vehicles (PLDVs). Policy incentives send a signal to consumers and car manufacturers to influence purchasing decisions and the adoption of low-emission vehicles. In this thesis, an innovative model formulation is developed to represent consumer group diversity by capturing different vehicle technologies and engine types. This thesis contributes to the existing literature by modelling and quantifying the impact of different policy measures across five countries, the US, the UK, Japan, China and India. I first explore how policy instruments, such as the annual registration tax, EV subsidy, fuel tax, EV mandate and fuel economy regulations, impact the diffusion of various PLDV technologies and CO2 emissions at different levels. Subsequently, by studying the interactions between policy instruments, I uncover the trade-off effect and reinforcement effect between the different policy incentives, and how the interactions between policy incentives influence the effectiveness and efficiency of policy instruments in reducing PLDV CO2 emissions in different countries. This research explores how income changes in different countries impact PLDV choice and the effectiveness of each policy instrument in reducing PLDV emissions. The findings of this research indicate that policy instrument effectiveness varies between countries and specifically depends on the levels of incentive, the design of the policy incentives and the existing markets for low emission vehicles. Financial incentives such as taxes and EV subsidies are more effective in China and the UK. Fuel economy regulation is more effective in the US, where, on average, engine sizes for conventional cars are large. While I find that there is a general trade-off effect between the financial incentives (i.e. the annual registration tax, fuel tax and EV subsidies), there is also a reinforcement effect between the EV mandate programme and all other policy incentives. Overall, I find that the income effect leads to a small increase in cumulative emissions from PLDVs in the UK, the US, Japan and India, due to the diffusion of luxury vehicles at the expense of small vehicles. In the case of China, I find that cumulative emissions from PLDVs decrease as income increases due to EV diffusion.
Communicating Lutheranism : church building in an age of orthodoxy, 1555-1618
Creators: name: Schofield, Neale Denis
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Z148.W5S3
subject: Luther, Martin, 1483-1546
subject: Printing--Germany--Wittenberg (Saxony-Anhalt)|xHistory--16th century
subject: Christian literature--Publishing--Germany--History--16th century
subject: Reformation--Germany--Wittenberg (Saxony-Anhalt)
subject: Book industries and trade--Germany--History--16th century
subject: Wittenberg (Saxony-Anhalt, Germany)--History--16th century

description: Martin Luther’s preaching and books transformed the small town of Wittenberg into the home of the Protestant Reformation. Yet, Wittenberg’s dependence on Luther has prompted scholarship to question the town’s world-historical significance after his death. This thesis discusses the role of Wittenberg’s print trade in shaping the Protestant church between 1555 and 1618. It describes a changing book market and identifies the factors contributing to its commercial success and the city’s ongoing religious influence. We focus on the careers of printers, publishers and booksellers who helped embed the teachings of the Reformation by working with university theologians and political leaders to publish Lutheran books. The results were remarkable. Wittenberg became the leading German publishing city, nearly doubling its annual output of new editions compared to the Reformation period. Discoveries from research in German archives and libraries shed new light on Wittenberg’s printing history and the contribution of different occupational groups within the book trades. This study examines the role of printing and printers in the confessional battles between German universities. Wittenberg’s books, especially academic dissertations, became the spearhead for establishing Lutheran orthodoxy in the early seventeenth century. The book’s preface was used polemically, leaving the contents of the book to express the tenets of faith. Each chapter introduces significant figures in the development of Wittenberg’s book trades: Samuel Selfisch, Hans Lufft, Christoph Walther, Johann Krafft, Conrad Ruhel and Johann Gormann. The outcome of this study is that the essential role of Wittenberg’s print trade in building the church is recognised for a crucial era of Wittenberg’s Reformation history that, to this point, has been relatively neglected. The book industry played an important part in ensuring that Wittenberg retained its position as the intellectual home of Lutheranism after the death of its talismanic leader.
On the Origin of the Circular and Hexagonal Formations in Galaxies
Creators: name: Efremov, Yuri N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The round and arc-shaped formations are known in some galaxies, the Bubble complex (the Hodge object) in NGC 6946 being the most remarkable. The rim of the complex has a form of a regular arc in which a part of a hexagonal structure is embedded. A similar morphology is recognized in NGC 7421 galaxy, in that part of its rim which is leading in the galaxy motion through the intergalactic gas, as suggested by the bow-shock appearance of the HI halo of the galaxy. A hexagonal shape is also found in NGC4676A galaxy. The HII radial velocities across the Bubble complex are compatible with its retrograde rotation and drift, which are characteristic for solitary vortices known in nonlinear hydrodynamics. The drift motion may explain the location of the Bubble complex at the tip of the largest elliptical HI hole in NGC 6946. The hexagonal vortices in the atmospheres of Jupiter and Saturn are within the gas streams what seems to be suggestive as well. It is conjectured that the hexagonal rims of stellar systems might be relics of flat segments of the shock wave produced by the ram pressure. The giant stellar arcs in NGC 300 and M33 are associated with the energetic X-ray sources P42 and X-4 respectively (fig. 11), and these might be the relics of Hypernovae.
description: Submitted to Astronomical and Astrophysical Transactions
Front Propagation and Diffusion in the A A + A Hard-core Reaction on a Chain
Creators: name: Panja, Debabrata
name: Tripathy, Goutam
name: van Saarloos, Wim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study front propagation and diffusion in the reaction-diffusion system A $\leftrightharpoons$ A + A on a lattice. On each lattice site at most one A particle is allowed at any time. In this paper, we analyze the problem in the full range of parameter space, keeping the discrete nature of the lattice and the particles intact. Our analysis of the stochastic dynamics of the foremost occupied lattice site yields simple expressions for the front speed and the front diffusion coefficient which are in excellent agreement with simulation results.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. E
Mixed-signal data acquisition system for optically detected magnetic resonance of solid-state spins
Creators: name: Zhou, Feifei
name: Song, Shupei
name: Deng, Yuxuan
name: Zhang, Ting
name: Chen, Bing
name: Xu, Nanyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a mixed-signal data acquisition (DAQ) system for optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) of solid-state spins. This system is designed and implemented based on a Field-Programmable-Gate-Array (FPGA) chip assisted with high-speed peripherals. The ODMR experiments often require high-speed mixed-signal data acquisition and processing for general and specific tasks. To this end, we realized a mixed-signal DAQ system which can acquire both analog and digital signals with precise hardware synchronization. The system consist of 4 analog channels (2 inputs and 2 outputs) and 16 optional digital channels works at up to 125 MHz clock rate. With this system, we performed general-purpose ODMR and advanced Lock-in detection experiments of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, and the reported DAQ system shows excellent performance in both single and ensemble spin cases. This work provides a uniform DAQ solution for NV center quantum control system and could be easily extended to other spin-based systems.
MOESM1 of Implementation and scale-up of physical activity and behavioural nutrition interventions: an evaluation roadmap
Creators: name: McKay, Heather
name: Patti-Jean Naylor
name: Lau, Erica
name: Gray, Samantha
name: Wolfenden, Luke
name: Milat, Andrew
name: Bauman, Adrian
name: Race, Douglas
name: Nettlefold, Lindsay
name: Sims-Gould, Joanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Instructions to participants (for round 1 of the Delphi process).
Wrapping of a spherical colloid by a fluid membrane
Creators: name: Deserno, Markus
name: Bickel, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the elastic deformation of a fluid membrane induced by an adhering spherical colloidal particle within the framework of a Helfrich energy. Based on a full optimization of the membrane shape we find a continuous binding and a discontinuous envelopment transition, the latter displaying a potentially substantial energy barrier. A small gradient approximation permits membrane shape and complex energy to be calculated analytically. While this only leads to a good representation of the complex geometry for very small degrees of wrapping, it still gives the correct phase boundaries in the regime of low tension.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, RevTeX style
The Effective Application Time to Spray Bacillus Thuringiensis Subspecies Kurstaki for Managing Bagworm, Metisa Plana Walker on Oil Palm
Creators: name: Shahir, M.S.
name: Mohd Rasdi, Z.
name: Fauziah, I.
name: Md Jamaludin, B.
name: Fakhrorazi, A.
name: Ismail, R.
name: Mohd Hanysyam, M.N.
name: Norazliza, R.
name: Shahir, M.S.
name: Mohd Rasdi, Z.
name: Fauziah, I.
name: Md Jamaludin, B.
name: Fakhrorazi, A.
name: Ismail, R.
name: Mohd Hanysyam, M.N.
name: Norazliza, R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Metisa plana
subject: Bacillus thuringiensis
subject: Oil palm

description: This study was conducted to determine the suitable time to apply the Bacillus thuringiensis sub species kurstaki against the larvae of the Metisa plana oil palm. The aim of this study is to search for the most economical method for using the B. thuringiensis sub species kurstaki. Owing to that matter, the larvae was sprayed at three different times, 0800, 1200, and1600, with 0.68ml of the B. thuringiensis sub species kurstaki product Dipel ES®/200 ml of water, under fully netted, rain sheltered conditions. Results showed the effectiveness of the B. thuringiensis sub species kurstaki in the control of bagworm, with more than 90% larvae mortality in three days after treatment. However there are no significant different in mortality rate and duration killing time for M. plana larvae on these three application times.
title: Weighing up the Credit-to-GDP Gap: A Cautionary Note
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Karagedikli, Özer
name: Rummel, Ole
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft

description: It has been argued that credit-to-GDP gaps (credit gap) are useful early warning indicators for banking crises. In addition, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has also advocated using these gaps - estimated using a one-sided Hodrick-Prescott filter with a smoothing parameter of 400,000 - to inform policy on the appropriate counter-cyclical capital buffer. We use the weighted average representation of the same filter and show that it attaches high weights to observations from the past, including the distant past: up to 40 lags (10 years) of past data are used in the calculation of the one-sided trend/permanent component of the credit-to-GDP ratio. We show how past data that belongs to the ‘old-regime’ prior to the crises continue to influence the estimates of the trend for years to come. By using narrative evidence from a number of countries that experienced deep financial crises, we show that this leads to some undesirable influence on the trend estimates that is at odds with the post-crisis environment.
The Economics of Shale Gas Development
Creators: name: Mason, Charles F.
name: Muehlenbachs, Lucija A.
name: Olmstead, Sheila M.
name: Mason, Charles F.
name: Muehlenbachs, Lucija A.
name: Olmstead, Sheila M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Hydraulic Fracturing
subject: Economic Benefits
subject: Positive Externalities
subject: Negative Externalities
subject: Environmental Impacts

description: In the past decade, innovations in hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling have fueled a boom in the production of natural gas (as well as oil) from geological formations – primarily deep shales – in which hydrocarbon production was previously unprofitable. Impacts on U.S. fossil fuel production and the U.S. economy more broadly have been transformative, even in the first decade. The boom has been accompanied by concerns about negative externalities, including impacts to air, water, and quality of life in producing regions. We describe the economic benefits of the shale gas boom, including direct market impacts and positive externalities, providing back-of-the-envelope estimates of their magnitude. The paper also summarizes the current science and economics literatures on negative externalities. We conclude that the likely scope of economic benefits is extraordinarily large, and that continued research on the magnitude of negative externalities is necessary to inform risk-mitigating policies.
Comparative and Competitive Advantage of the Shrimp Industry in Mekong River Delta, Vietnam
Creators: name: Kiet, Nguyen Tuan
name: Sumalde, Zenaida
name: Kiet, Nguyen Tuan
name: Sumalde, Zenaida
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Given the growing prominence of Vietnam’s fishery products in the world market, this study examines data on shrimp aquaculture in the country, as practiced through intensive and semi-intensive methods, in two provinces in the Mekong River Delta region. The study estimates the comparative and competitive advantage of the shrimp industry using various approaches, namely: 1) the RCA or revealed comparative advantage; 2). the Policy Analysis Method (PAM) method to calculate the resource cost ratio (RCR) and RCR* indices; and 3) the Net Social Profitability (NSP) and Net Private Profitability (NPP). To identify the effects of changes in key factors affecting competitive and comparative advantage, a sensitivity analysis is conducted. The results show that Vietnam’s shrimp products maintain a strong competitive position in the world market, as evidenced by an RCA greater than 1. The RCR and RCR* estimates bordering on zero also indicate the strong comparative and competitive advantage of the shrimp industry. These findings are bolstered as well by the resulting NSP and NPP estimates. Furthermore, in terms of farming methods, the lower RCR and RCR* estimates for the intensive farms confirm their higher comparative and competitive advantage, compared to the semi-intensive model. Finally, the sensitivity analysis shows that the comparative and competitive advantage of shrimp is strongly sensitive to the price of feed, exchange rate, shrimp yield, and export price. The wage rate also exhibits a slight effect on the industry’s standing in the world market. Improving the productivity and quality of shrimp is shown to be vital to the MRD shrimp industry because this would translate into a higher export price and higher yield of shrimp, which will further enhance the industry’s comparative and competitive advantage.
Rapidly-rotating lithium-rich K giants: The new case of the giant PDS365
Creators: name: Drake, Natalia A.
name: de la Reza, Ramiro
name: da Silva, Licio
name: Lambert, David L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PDS365 is a newly detected rapidly rotating (vsin i = 20 km/s) single low mass giant star which with HD233517 and HD219025 forms a remarkable ensemble of single K giants with the unique properties of rapid rotation, very strong Li lines, an asymmetrical Halpha profile, and a large far infrared excess. Their vsin i values are between 18 and 23 km/s, and LTE Li abundances, log e(Li), are between 2.9 and 3.9. Detailed analysis of PDS365 reveals it to be near one solar mass giant with a value of 12C/13C approximately equal to 12. A clear relation between high rotational velocities and very high Li abundances for K giant stars is found only when asymmetrical Halpha profiles and large far-infrared excesses are present. If we consider single K giants, we find that among rapid (vsin i >= 8 km/s) rotators, a very large proportion (~ 50%) are Li-rich giants. This proportion is in contrast with a very low proportion (~ 2%) of Li-rich stars among the much more common slowly rotating K giants. This striking difference is discussed in terms of proposed mechanisms for Li enrichment.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in AJ
MOESM1 of Pleiotropic regulation of a glucose-specific PTS in Clostridium acetobutylicum for high-efficient butanol production from corn stover without detoxification
Creators: name: Youduo Wu
name: Yidi Bai
name: Daojing Zhang
name: Cheng, Chi
name: Lijie Chen
name: Fengwu Bai
name: Xue, Chuang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers used in this study.
Superconformal Field Theories for Compact G_2 Manifolds
Creators: name: Blumenhagen, Ralph
name: Braun, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the construction of exactly solvable superconformal field theories describing Type II string models compactified on compact G_2 manifolds. These models are defined by anti-holomorphic quotients of the form (CY*S^1)/Z_2, where we realize the Calabi-Yau as a Gepner model. In the superconformal field theory the Z_2 acts as charge conjugation implying that the representation theory of a W(2,4,6,8,10) algebra plays an important role in the construction of these models. Intriguingly, in all three examples we study, including the quintic, the massless spectrum in the Z_2 twisted sector of the superconformal field theory differs from what one expects from the supergravity computation. This discrepancy is explained by the presence of a discrete NS-NS background two-form flux in the Gepner model.
description: 35 pages, TeX, harvmac, references added, typos corrected, extended discussion in section 7
Counting Immutable Beans: Reference Counting Optimized for Purely Functional Programming
Creators: name: Ullrich, Sebastian
name: de Moura, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most functional languages rely on some garbage collection for automatic memory management. They usually eschew reference counting in favor of a tracing garbage collector, which has less bookkeeping overhead at runtime. On the other hand, having an exact reference count of each value can enable optimizations, such as destructive updates. We explore these optimization opportunities in the context of an eager, purely functional programming language. We propose a new mechanism for efficiently reclaiming memory used by nonshared values, reducing stress on the global memory allocator. We describe an approach for minimizing the number of reference counts updates using borrowed references and a heuristic for automatically inferring borrow annotations. We implemented all these techniques in a new compiler for an eager and purely functional programming language with support for multi-threading. Our preliminary experimental results demonstrate our approach is competitive and often outperforms state-of-the-art compilers.
MOESM1 of Predictors of mortality and validation of burn mortality prognostic scores in a Malaysian burns intensive care unit
Creators: name: Lip, Henry
name: Idris, Mohamad
name: Farrah-Hani Imran
name: Azmah, Tuan
name: Huei, Tan
name: Thomas, Mathew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Details on the Baux score, Abbreviated Burn Severity Index score, Ryan score, Belgium Outcome Burn Injury score and revised Baux score.
Using data to characterise the relationship between nanobody sequence, structure and function
Creators: name: Mitchell, Laura Sophie
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: nanobody
antibody
nb
paratope
vhh
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description: Nanobodies (Nbs) are a class of single-domain antibody derived from the immune systems of camelid species. They achieve binding affinities and specificities to target antigens comparable to those of classical antibodies (Abs), despite being ten times smaller (~15 kDa) and having only three variable loops. This raises the question of how these binding affinities and specificities are achieved in such a compact molecule. To address this, a novel dataset of Nb-antigen co-crystal structures are assembled and investigated. Findings are presented in three main chapters, with a fourth describing a collaborative Nb engineering project. First, the sequence and structural diversity of Nb domains is analysed and compared with that observed in a comparative set of Ab domains. Nbs are shown to display greater structural diversity across all three loops, in conjunction with enhanced conservation across the framework regions. Second, the way in which Nbs bind antigens is investigated. Class-averaged properties of antigen-contacting residues (the `paratope'), show Nb paratopes are more variable than those of Abs. This is true for both the distribution of paratope residues across the domain, and the types of residues used at interfaces. Notably, Nbs deviate from the `loops = paratope' assumption which is true for Abs; an insight which has implications for Nb selection, modelling and engineering strategies. Third, the sequence-structure-paratope relationship of Nb CDR H3 loops is interrogated. Previous chapters show the H3 loop is the most structurally diverse region, and critical in determining antigen-binding specificity. Here, Nbs are clustered into three distinct classes based on H3 loop structural features. The classes have distinct sequence features and use different distributions of paratope residues; suggesting loop conformation and antigen-binding orientation may be inferred from Nb sequence. Finally, an anti-GFP Nb is engineered by structure-guided mutagenesis for enhanced binding to a closely related antigen. The engineered Nb is being trialled for use in a novel super resolution microscopy method.
description: BBSRC
A feasible quantum communication complexity protocol
Creators: name: Galvao, Ernesto F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I show that a simple multi-party communication task can be performed more efficiently with quantum communication than with classical communication, even with low detection efficiency $η$. The task is a communication complexity problem in which distant parties need to compute a function of the distributed inputs, while minimizing the amount of communication between them. A realistic quantum optical setup is suggested that can demonstrate a five-party quantum protocol with higher-than-classical performance, provided $η>0.33$ .
description: 8 pages, LaTeX, no figures. v2: included analysis of other experimental losses, 3 more refs., other minor changes
Hidden in Plain Sight: Improving the Measurement of Sex Trafficking Victimization in a National Sample of Adults
Creators: name: Kulig, Teresa C.
name: Butler, Leah C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: A self-report survey was administered in 2022 to measure experiences of sex trafficking victimization among a national sample of adults using the federal legal definition and behaviorally specific language. A total of 1,462 respondents were included in the final sample, with data weighted to increase the representativeness of the population. Approximately 2.5% of respondents could be classified as experiencing sex trafficking victimization at some point in their lives. More respondents experienced sex trafficking as a minor only (1.5%) compared to as an adult only (0.6%) or as both a minor and adult (0.4%). A small portion of respondents who experienced sex trafficking as an adult reported their experiences to anyone (38.9%). Although some sex trafficking victims shared vulnerability factors with known victims in high-risk groups, not all victims reported experiencing these challenges. Research should continue to measure sex trafficking in the general population to inform individual and community interventions.
Ascending Cadence Gestures, A New Historical Survey, Part 5b4: Ira D. Sankey, Gospel Hymns, volumes 1-6
Creators: name: Neumeyer, David
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2024
Subjects: music theory
music history

description: This is the fourth supplement to an essay gathering compositions with ascending lines and upper-register cadence gestures in hymn collections published in the United States or in London by American compilers and composers. The collections studied here are Ira D. Sankey, James McGranahan, and George C. Stebbins, Gospel Hymns, Nos. 1 to 6 (Cincinnati/Chicago/NewYork, 1895); and Ira D. Sankey, Winnowed Songs for Sunday Schools (Cincinnati/Chicago/NewYork, 1890).
Tropical Forests and Climate Change Mitigation: The Global Potential and Cases from the Philippines
Creators: name: Lasco, Rodel D.
name: Lasco, Rodel D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC Fourth Assessment report has highlighted the role of tropical forests in mitigating climate change. Deforestation, especially in tropical countries, contributes about 20 percent to total global greenhouse gas emissions. Development projects geared to reduce the rate of deforestation and forest degradation, and to establish forest plantations will help reduce greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and significantly contribute to mitigating climate change. Three cases of forestry carbon projects underway in the Philippines are presented to illustrate the constraints facing project developers in undertaking these climate change mitigation efforts. Among the key lessons identified are: the difficulty in establishing land eligibility, the need for partners or buyers from industrialized countries to shoulder the transaction costs, and the crucial role of the local communities, including indigenous peoples, in the development effort.
SYK non Fermi Liquid Correlations in Nanoscopic Quantum Transport
Creators: name: Altland, Alexander
name: Bagrets, Dmitry
name: Kamenev, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic transport in nano-structures, such as long molecules or 2D exfoliated flakes, often goes through a nearly degenerate set of single-particle orbitals. Here we show that in such cases a conspiracy of the narrow band and strong e-e interactions may stabilize a non Fermi liquid phase in the universality class of the complex Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) model. Focusing on signatures in quantum transport, we demonstrate the existence of anomalous power laws in the temperature dependent conductance, including algebraic scaling $T^{3/2}$ in the inelastic cotunneling channel, separated from the conventional Fermi liquid $T^2$ scaling via a quantum phase transition. The relatively robust conditions under which these results are obtained indicate that the SYK non Fermi liquid universality class might be not as exotic as previously thought.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, publihed version
SNOC: a Monte-Carlo simulation package for high-z supernova observations
Creators: name: Goobar, A.
name: Mortsell, E.
name: Amanullah, R.
name: Goliath, M.
name: Bergstrom, L.
name: Dahlen, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Monte-Carlo package for simulation of high-redshift supernova data, SNOC. Optical and near-infrared photons from supernovae are ray-traced over cosmological distances from the simulated host galaxy to the observer at Earth. The distances to the sources are calculated from user provided cosmological parameters in a Friedmann-Lemaitre universe, allowing for arbitrary forms of ``dark energy''. The code takes into account gravitational interactions (lensing) and extinction by dust, both in the host galaxy and in the line-of-sight. The user can also choose to include exotic effects like a hypothetical attenuation due to photon-axion oscillations. SNOC is primarily useful for estimations of cosmological parameter uncertainties from studies of apparent brightness of Type Ia supernovae vs redshift, with special emphasis on potential systematic effects. It can also be used to compute standard cosmological quantities like luminosity distance, lookback time and age of the universe in any Friedmann-Lemaitre model with or without quintessence.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
Emerging Smallholder Rubber Farming Systems in India and Thailand: A Comparative Economic Analysis
Creators: name: Viswanathan, P.K.
name: Viswanathan, P.K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: This paper provides a comparative perspective on the performance of smallholder rubber farm livelihood systems based on case studies of two regions in India and Thailand. The analysis of the emerging farming systems in the two countries’ rubber farms reveals that the rubber monocrop system is viable, provided prices remain remunerative and primary markets efficient. Findings further indicate the dominant contribution of rubber production to the gross household income of the rubber growers in the integrated farming systems. Nevertheless, from a sustainable livelihoods perspective, the socioeconomic significance of the rubber integrated farming systems assumes greater prominence, given the fact that small producers are highly vulnerable to market uncertainties. It has been found that rubber integrated livelihood systems provide the smallholders with ample capability for resilience during crises and ensure a sustained flow of income. The two case studies demonstrate the need to promote and scale up rubber integrated farm livelihood systems in the smallholder-dominated rubber producing countries in the Asian region. The paper also recommends enhancing the capabilities of the smallholders by strengthening their access to the five forms of capital that sustain their livelihood.
title: Does the ECB’s Monetary Policy Affect Personal Finances and Economic Inequality? A Household Perspective from Germany
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Hayo, Bernd
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: Germany
population survey
ECB
income distribution
monetary policy
Economics
Wirtschaft
Economic inequality

description: Despite a growing academic literature on the distributional effects of monetary policy (MP), little is known about how laypersons perceive the effects of MP on their own economic situation and national economic inequality. This study examines laypersons' perceptions in Germany of the impact of the ECB's MP on (i) their personal economic situation and (ii) national economic inequality, using representative survey data collected in 2018. I review the existing academic literature, which identifies various characteristics of individuals that could potentially render them susceptible to the effects of monetary policy, such as savings, wealth, home ownership, debt, unemployment, or age. I then investigate whether these characteristics align with layperson’s perceptions. Ordered logit analysis shows that, contrary to the economic literature, most variables - with the exception of 'savers' - appear to be irrelevant to laypersons' perceptions. Instead, factors such as objective knowledge of monetary policy, trust in the ECB, party affiliation and residence in East Germany emerge as significant factors.
Equilibrium measurement method of slip length based on fluctuating hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Nakano, Hiroyoshi
name: Sasa, Shin-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations for nanoscale fluids confined between two parallel walls and investigate how the autocorrelation function of force acting on one wall is related to the slip length. We demonstrate that for atomically smooth surfaces, the autocorrelation function is accurately described by linearized fluctuating hydrodynamics (LFH). Excellent agreement between the simulation and the LFH solution is found over a wide range of scales, specifically, from the time scale of fluid relaxation even to that of molecular motion. Fitting the simulation data yields a reasonable estimation of the slip length. We show that LFH provides a starting point for examining the relationship between the slip length and the force fluctuations.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Formation of Social Capital for Common Pool Resource Management
Creators: name: Tatlonghari, Gerlie T.
name: Sumalde, Zenaida
name: Tatlonghari, Gerlie T.
name: Sumalde, Zenaida
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: A standard optimal investment model is used to analyze farmers’ decision to accumulate social capital in terms of participating in collective activities for irrigation management. Several predictions borne out by the data are presented in this study. Social capital investment in small irrigation groups 1) decreases when the farmer’s field is located at the downstream area where water is scarce; 2) increases when farmers have larger ricefields; 3) decreases when farmers pay the irrigation service dues; and 4) increases when the farmer belongs to a heterogeneous group which facilitates collective action when pooling resources to reduce the risks involved in rice farming. Moreover, the farmers’ social capital investment in other small irrigation groups in the irrigation system 1) increases when farmers have larger rice-growing areas; 2)increases when there is a high level of trust among the farmers; but 3) declines as the opportunity cost of time increases due to coordination and participation in collective activities with farmers from other areas of the system.
MOESM1 of “I need somebody who knows about feet” a qualitative study investigating the lived experiences of conservative treatment for patients with posterior tibial tendon dysfunction
Creators: name: Campbell, Rona
name: Morriss-Roberts, Christopher
name: Durrant, Beverley
name: Cahill, Simon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. The interview guide: What are the lived experiences of conservative treatment for patients with Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction.