cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exploratory studies of prospective memory in adults
Creators: name: Miller, Jo Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Prospective memory refers to remembering to carry out an intended or planned action, such as keeping a doctor's appointment or telling a friend about an upcoming party. Despite its importance in everyday life, prospective memory has received little empirical or theoretical attention. Rather, much of the literature has focused on retrospective memory, that is, memory for information learnt in the past. The current literature on prospective memory addresses five aspects that are necessary for carrying out an intended action. These are (a) formulating the plan; (b) having the knowledge necessary to carry out the plan; (c) remembering the plan at the appropriate time; (d) carrying out the plan; and (e) remembering that the plan has been performed. The literature also raises three fundamental questions. Namely, whether prospective and retrospective memory involve different processes, whether self-report and behavioral measures of prospective memory are correlated, and whether prospective memory performance varies as a function of age. These questions were the focus of the exploratory studies presented in this dissertation. The first three studies involved the development of a memory diary, a memory questionnaire, and a metamemory questionnaire, respectively. These instruments were used in the fourth and fifth studies. Studies 4 and 5 also included behavioral measures of prospective memory and objective measures of retrospective memory. The fourth study examined how community-dwelling adults feel about, and use, their memory on a daily basis. In accordance with previous research, no age differences were observed on the behavioral measures of prospective memory. Moreover, performance on the self-report measures did not differ as a function of age. As hypothesized, age was correlated with performance on a retrospective memory task. The fifth study involved an extension and replication of Study 4, with the major addition being the use of several standard laboratory tests to assess retrospective memory. This study revealed several interesting findings. First, in contrast to previous studies, performance on some retrospective memory tasks was related to performance on some prospective memory tasks. Second, by and large, self-report and behavioral measures of prospective memory were not correlated. Third, performance on the prospective memory tasks (both self-report and behavioral) did not vary as a function of age, although performance ' on the retrospective memory tasks was clearly age related. The implications of this research are discussed.
Two-dimensional Heisenberg models with materials-dependent superexchange interactions
Creators: name: Li, Jia-Wen
name: Zhang, Zhen
name: You, Jing-Yang
name: Gu, Bo
name: Su, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals ferromagnetic semiconductors, such as CrI$_3$ and Cr$_2$Ge$_2$Te$_6$, and the 2D ferromagnetic metals, such as Fe$_3$GeTe$_2$ and MnSe$_2$, have been obtained in recent experiments and attracted a lot of attentions. The superexchange interaction has been suggested to dominate the magnetic interactions in these 2D magnetic systems. In the usual theoretical studies, the expression of the 2D Heisenberg models were fixed by hand due to experiences. Here, we propose a method to determine the expression of the 2D Heisenberg models by counting the possible superexchange paths with the density functional theory (DFT) and Wannier function calculations. With this method, we obtain a 2D Heisenberg model with six different nearest-neighbor exchange coupling constants for the 2D ferromagnetic metal Cr$_3$Te$_6$, which is very different for the crystal structure of Cr atoms in Cr$_3$Te$_6$. The calculated Curie temperature Tc = 328 K is close to the Tc = 344 K of 2D Cr$_3$Te$_6$ reported in recent experiment. In addition, we predict two stable 2D ferromagnetic semiconductors Cr$_3$O$_6$ and Mn$_3$O$_6$ sharing the same crystal structure of Cr$_3$Te$_6$. The similar Heisenberg models are obtained for 2D Cr$_3$O$_6$ and Mn$_3$O$_6$, where the calculated Tc is 218 K and 208 K, respectively. Our method offers a general approach to determine the expression of Heisenberg models for these 2D magnetic semiconductors and metals, and builds up a solid basis for further studies.
Under pressure: Hydrogel swelling in a granular medium
Creators: name: Louf, Jean-François
name: Lu, Nancy B.
name: O'Connell, Margaret G.
name: Cho, H. Jeremy
name: Datta, Sujit S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrogels hold promise in agriculture as reservoirs of water in dry soil, potentially alleviating the burden of irrigation. However, confinement in soil can markedly reduce the ability of hydrogels to absorb water and swell, limiting their widespread adoption. Unfortunately, the underlying reason remains unknown. By directly visualizing the swelling of hydrogels confined in three-dimensional granular media, we demonstrate that the extent of hydrogel swelling is determined by the competition between the force exerted by the hydrogel due to osmotic swelling and the confining force transmitted by the surrounding grains. Furthermore, the medium can itself be restructured by hydrogel swelling, as set by the balance between the osmotic swelling force, the confining force, and intergrain friction. Together, our results provide quantitative principles to predict how hydrogels behave in confinement, potentially improving their use in agriculture as well as informing other applications such as oil recovery, construction, mechanobiology, and filtration.
description: This article is published in Science Advances and supplementary material is available at https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/7/7/eabd2711
Multiscale dynamics of colloidal deposition and erosion in porous media
Creators: name: Bizmark, Navid
name: Schneider, Joanna
name: Priestley, Rodney D.
name: Datta, Sujit S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diverse processes -- e.g., environmental pollution, groundwater remediation, oil recovery, filtration, and drug delivery -- involve the transport of colloidal particles in porous media. Using confocal microscopy, we directly visualize this process in situ and thereby identify the fundamental mechanisms by which particles are distributed throughout a medium. At high injection pressures, hydrodynamic stresses cause particles to be continually deposited on and eroded from the solid matrix -- notably, forcing them to be distributed throughout the entire medium. By contrast, at low injection pressures, the relative influence of erosion is suppressed, causing particles to localize near the inlet of the medium. Unexpectedly, these macroscopic distribution behaviors depend on imposed pressure in similar ways for particles of different charges, although the pore-scale distribution of deposition is sensitive to particle charge. These results reveal how the multiscale interactions between fluid, particles, and the solid matrix control how colloids are distributed in a porous medium.
description: This article is published in Science Advances and supplementary material is available at https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/46/eabc2530
Spectral control of high order harmonics through non-linear propagation effects
Creators: name: Hussain, M.
name: Kaassamani, S.
name: Auguste, T.
name: Boutu, W.
name: Gauthier, D.
name: Kholodtsova, M.
name: Gomes, J-T.
name: Lavoute, L.
name: Gaponov, D.
name: Ducros, N.
name: Fevrier, S.
name: Nicolas, R.
name: Imran, T.
name: Williams, G. O.
name: Fajardo, M.
name: Merdji, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High harmonic generation (HHG) in crystals has revealed a wealth of perspectives such as all-optical mapping of the electronic band structure, ultrafast quantum information and the creation of novel all-solid-state attosecond sources. Significant efforts have been made to understand the microscopic aspects of HHG in crystals, whereas the macroscopic effects, such as non-linear propagation effects of the driving pulse inside the dense solid media and its impact on the HHG process is often overlooked. In this work, we study macroscopic effects by comparing two materials with distinct optical properties, silicon (Si) and zinc oxide (ZnO). By scanning the focal position of 85 fs, 2.123 $μ$m wavelength pulses inside the crystals (Z-scan) we reveal spectral shifts in the generated harmonics. We interpret the overall blueshift of the emitted harmonic spectrum as an imprint of the driving field spectral modulation occurring during the propagation inside the crystal. This is supported with numerical simulations. This study demonstrates that through manipulation of the fundamental driving field through non-linear propagation effects, precise control of the emitted HHG spectrum in solids can be realised. This method could offer a robust way to tailor HHG spectra for a range of spectroscopic applications.
description: 6 pages,6 figures
การพัฒนาบทเรียนบนเครือข่าย กลุ่มสาระการเรียนรู้วิชาภาษาไทย เรื่อง ชนิดของคำในภาษาไทย สำหรับนักเรียนชั้นประถมศึกษาปีที่ 6
Creators: name: จินตนา ชาญวงษ์สนิท
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2557
Subjects: วิจัยชนิดของคำ

description: ฉบับพิเศษ, วารสารมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Ab initio descriptions of $A=16$ mirror nuclei with resonance and continuum coupling
Creators: name: Zhang, S.
name: Xu, F. R.
name: Li, J. G.
name: Hu, B. S.
name: Cheng, Z. H.
name: Michel, N.
name: Ma, Y. Z.
name: Yuan, Q.
name: Zhang, Y. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used an {\it ab initio} Gamow shell model to study the isospin symmetry breaking in the $A=16$ mirror nuclei of $^{16}$F, $^{16}$N, $^{16}$Ne and $^{16}$C. Starting from a chiral interaction with two-nucleon force (2NF) at N$^3$LO and three-nucleon force (3NF) at N$^2$LO, a complex-momentum ${\it psd}$-shell Hamiltonian was constructed by employing the many-body perturbation theory in the Gamow Hartree-Fock basis which includes bound, resonant and continuum states self-consistently. Such an elaborated {\it ab initio} Gamow shell model with both continuum coupling and 3NF included can properly treat the many-body correlations of weakly bound and unbound nuclei. The mirror partners of $^{16}$F and $^{16}$N exhibit different level orders in their excitation spectra, which can be well explained by the inclusion of 3NF in the calculation. The isospin asymmetry between the mirror partners $^{16}$Ne and $^{16}$C was studied in detail by insight into their configuration structures. The interplay between 3NF and the continuum coupling is discussed in the weakly bound and unbound nuclear states.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Is there model-independent evidence of the two-photon-exchange effect in the electron-proton elastic scattering cross section?
Creators: name: Chen, Yu-Chun
name: Kao, Chung-Wen
name: Yang, Shin-Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-analyze the data of the elastic electron proton scattering to look for model-independent evidence of the two-photon-exchange (TPE) effect. In contrast to previous analyses, TPE effect is parametrized in forms which are free of kinematical-singularity, in addition to being consistent with the constraint derived from crossing symmetry and the charge conjugation. Moreover, we fix the value of $R=G_E/G_M$ as determined from the data of the polarization transfer experiment. We find that, at high $Q^2 \geq 2 GeV^2$ values, the contribution of the TPE effect to the slope of $σ_R$ vs. $ε$ is large and comparable with that arising from $G_{E}$. It also behaves quasi-linearly in the region of current data, namely, in the range of $0.2 < ε< 0.95$. Hence the fact that the current elastic $ep$ cross section data shows little nonlinearity with respect to $ε$ can not be used to exclude the presence of the TPE effect. More precise data at extreme angles will be crucial for a model-independent extraction of the TPE effect.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Table S2. from Ecological specialization, rather than the island effect, explains morphological diversification in an ancient radiation of geckos
Creators: name: Tejero-Cicuéndez, Héctor
name: Simó-Riudalbas, Marc
name: Menéndez, Iris
name: Carranza, Salvador
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Results of the phylogenetic PCA performed with species data. The table shows the loadings of each variable in each principal component, and the bars indicate the variance explained by each component.
Semigroup cohomology and applications
Creators: name: Novikov, B. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20M50

description: This article is a survey of the author's research. It consists of three sections concerned three kinds of cohomologies of semigroups. Section 1 considers `classic' cohomology as it was introduced by Eilenberg and MacLane. Here the attention is concentrated mainly on semigroups having cohomological dimension 1. In Section 2 a generalization of the Eilenberg-MacLane cohomology is introduced, the so-called 0-cohomology, which appears in applied topics (projective representations of semigroups, Brauer monoids). At last Section 3 is devoted to further generalizing: partial cohomology defined and discussed in it are used then for calculation of the classic cohomology for some semigroups.
description: 16 pages, Latex
การศึกษาเปรียบเทียบการดูดซึมน้ำของผ้าทอพื้นเมืองที่ผลิตจากเส้นใยไผ่ ฝ้าย ไหม เพื่อการพัฒนาเชิงพาณิชย์
Creators: name: ซิสิกกา วรรณจันทร์
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2557
Subjects: การดูดซึมน้ำ, ผ้าทอพื้นเมือง, เส้นใยไผ่, ฝ้าย, ไหม, ทดสอบการหยดน้ำ

description: ฉบับพิเศษ, วารสารมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Spin half-adder
Creators: name: Patra, Moumita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new proposal is given to design a spin half-adder in a nano-junction. It is well known that at finite voltage a net circulating current (known as circular current) appears within a mesoscopic ring under asymmetric ring-to-electrode interface configuration. This circular current induces a finite magnetic field at the center of the ring. We utilize this phenomenon to construct a spin half adder. The circular current induced magnetic field is used to regulate the alignments of local free spins, by their orientations we specify the output states of the `sum' and `carry'. All the outputs are spin based, therefore the results get atomically stored in the system. We also illustrate the experimental possibilities of our proposed model.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Hilbert space fragmentation produces a "fracton Casimir effect"
Creators: name: Feng, Xiaozhou
name: Skinner, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fracton systems exhibit restricted mobility of their excitations due to the presence of higher-order conservation laws. Here we study the time evolution of a one-dimensional fracton system with charge and dipole moment conservation using a random unitary circuit description. Previous work has shown that when the random unitary operators act on four or more sites, an arbitrary initial state eventually thermalizes via a universal subdiffusive dynamics. In contrast, a system evolving under three-site gates fails to thermalize due to strong "fragmentation" of the Hilbert space. Here we show that three-site gate dynamics causes a given initial state to evolve toward a highly nonthermal state on a time scale consistent with Brownian diffusion. Strikingly, the dynamics produces an effective attraction between isolated fractons or between a single fracton and the boundaries of the system, in analogy with the Casimir effect in quantum electrodynamics. We show how this attraction can be understood by exact mapping to a simple classical statistical mechanics problem, which we solve exactly for the case of an initial state with either one or two fractons.
description: 8+3 pages,8 figures
Differentiable modeling to unify machine learning and physical models and advance Geosciences
Creators: name: Shen, Chaopeng
name: Appling, Alison P.
name: Gentine, Pierre
name: Bandai, Toshiyuki
name: Gupta, Hoshin
name: Tartakovsky, Alexandre
name: Baity-Jesi, Marco
name: Fenicia, Fabrizio
name: Kifer, Daniel
name: Li, Li
name: Liu, Xiaofeng
name: Ren, Wei
name: Zheng, Yi
name: Harman, Ciaran J.
name: Clark, Martyn
name: Farthing, Matthew
name: Feng, Dapeng
name: Kumar, Praveen
name: Aboelyazeed, Doaa
name: Rahmani, Farshid
name: Beck, Hylke E.
name: Bindas, Tadd
name: Dwivedi, Dipankar
name: Fang, Kuai
name: Höge, Marvin
name: Rackauckas, Chris
name: Roy, Tirthankar
name: Xu, Chonggang
name: Mohanty, Binayak
name: Lawson, Kathryn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Process-Based Modeling (PBM) and Machine Learning (ML) are often perceived as distinct paradigms in the geosciences. Here we present differentiable geoscientific modeling as a powerful pathway toward dissolving the perceived barrier between them and ushering in a paradigm shift. For decades, PBM offered benefits in interpretability and physical consistency but struggled to efficiently leverage large datasets. ML methods, especially deep networks, presented strong predictive skills yet lacked the ability to answer specific scientific questions. While various methods have been proposed for ML-physics integration, an important underlying theme -- differentiable modeling -- is not sufficiently recognized. Here we outline the concepts, applicability, and significance of differentiable geoscientific modeling (DG). "Differentiable" refers to accurately and efficiently calculating gradients with respect to model variables, critically enabling the learning of high-dimensional unknown relationships. DG refers to a range of methods connecting varying amounts of prior knowledge to neural networks and training them together, capturing a different scope than physics-guided machine learning and emphasizing first principles. Preliminary evidence suggests DG offers better interpretability and causality than ML, improved generalizability and extrapolation capability, and strong potential for knowledge discovery, while approaching the performance of purely data-driven ML. DG models require less training data while scaling favorably in performance and efficiency with increasing amounts of data. With DG, geoscientists may be better able to frame and investigate questions, test hypotheses, and discover unrecognized linkages.
การออกแบบลวดลายพระพุทธรูปบนผ้าทอพื้นบ้านอีสาน
Creators: name: อัจฉรี จันทมูล
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2557
Subjects: การออกแบบ , ลวดลายพระพุทธรูป, ผ้าทอพื้นบ้านอีสาน

description: ฉบับพิเศษ, วารสารมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Transient regime in non-linear transport through many-level quantum dots
Creators: name: Moldoveanu, Valeriu
name: Gudmundsson, Vidar
name: Manolescu, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the nonstationary electronic transport in noninteracting nanostructures driven by a finite bias and time-dependent signals applied at their contacts to the leads. The systems are modelled by a tight-binding Hamiltonian and the transient currents are computed from the non-equilibrium Green-Keldysh formalism. The numerical implementation is not restricted to weak coupling to the leads and does not imply the wide-band limit assumption for the spectral width of the leads. As an application of the method we study in detail the transient behavior and the charge dynamics in single and double quantum dots connected to leads by a step-like potential, but the method allows as well the consideration of non-periodic potentials or short pulses. We show that when the higher energy levels of the isolated system are located within the bias window of the leads the transient current approaches the steady state in a non-oscillatory smooth fashion. At moderate coupling to the leads and fixed bias the transient acquires a step-like structure, the length of the steps increasing with the system size. The number of levels inside a finite bias window can be tuned by a constant gate potential. We find also that the transient behavior depends on the specific way of coupling the leads to the mesoscopic system.
description: RevTeX, 12 pages, 11 include .eps figures
การศึกษาสถานการณ์ความปวดเรื้อรังและการหาแนวทางพัฒนาการจัดการแก้ไขปัญหาปวดอย่างมีส่วนร่วมของชุมชน
Creators: name: ศิราณีย์ อินธรหนองไผ่
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2557
Subjects: วิจัยเชิงปฏิบัติการ, ความปวดเรื้อรัง, การจัดการความปวด, การมีส่วนร่วมของชุมชน

description: ฉบับพิเศษ, วารสารมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Optimization under Connected Uncertainty
Creators: name: Nohadani, Omid
name: Sharma, Kartikey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Robust optimization methods have shown practical advantages in a wide range of decision-making applications under uncertainty. Recently, their efficacy has been extended to multi-period settings. Current approaches model uncertainty either independent of the past or in an implicit fashion by budgeting the aggregate uncertainty. In many applications, however, past realizations directly influence future uncertainties. For this class of problems, we develop a modeling framework that explicitly incorporates this dependence via connected uncertainty sets, whose parameters at each period depend on previous uncertainty realizations. To find optimal here-and-now solutions, we reformulate robust and distributionally robust constraints for popular set structures and demonstrate this modeling framework numerically on broadly applicable knapsack and portfolio-optimization problems.
Multi-component states for trapped spin-1 Bose-Einstein Condensates in the presence of magnetic field
Creators: name: Kanjilal, Projjwal K.
name: Bhattacharyay, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In presence of a magnetic field, multi-component ground states appear in trapped spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensates for both ferromagnetic and anti-ferromagnetic types of spin-spin interaction. We aim to produce an accurate analytical description of the multi-component states which is of fundamental importance. Despite being in the so-called regime of Thomas-Fermi approximation (condensates with large particle number), the scenario of multi-component states is problematic under this approximation due to large variation in densities of the sub-components. We generalize the variational method that we have introduced in the article [Eur. Phys. J. Plus 137, 547 (2022)] to overcome the limitations of T-F approximation. We demonstrate that the variational method is crucial in identifying multi-component ground states. A comparison of the results of the variational method, which is multi-modal by construction, with that of single-mode approximation is also presented in this paper to demonstrate a marked improvement in accuracy over single-mode approximation. We have also looked into the phase transition between the phase-matched and polar state in a trapped condensate using the variational method and have identified substantial change in the phase boundary. The correspondence of the phase diagram of the trapped case with the homogeneous one identifies other limitations of T-F approximation as opposed to the more accurate variational method.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures
Negative Regulation of RIG-I by Tim-3 Promotes H1N1 Infection
Creators: name: Shi, Qingzhu
name: Li, Ge
name: Dou, Shuaijie
name: Tang, Lili
name: Hou, Chunmei
name: Wang, Zhiding
name: Gao, Yang
name: Gao, Zhenfang
name: Hao, Ying
name: Mo, Rongliang
name: Shen, Beifen
name: Wang, Renxi
name: Li, Yuxiang
name: Han, Gencheng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: The mechanisms by which retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), a critical RNA virus sensor, is regulated in many biological and pathological processes remain to be determined. Here, we demonstrate that T cell immunoglobulin and mucin protein-3 (Tim-3), an immune checkpoint inhibitor, mediates infection tolerance by suppressing RIG-I-type I interferon pathway. Overexpression or blockade of Tim-3 affects type I interferon expression, virus replication, and tissue damage in mice following H1N1 infection. Tim-3 signaling decreases RIG-I transcription via STAT1 in macrophages and promotes the proteasomal dependent degradation of RIG-I by enhancing K-48-linked ubiquitination via the E3 ligase RNF-122. Silencing RIG-I reversed Tim-3 blockage-mediated upregulation of type I interferon in macrophages. We thus identified a new mechanism through which Tim-3 mediates the immune evasion of H1N1, which may have clinical implications for the treatment of viral diseases.
A light- and heat-seeking vine-inspired robot with material-level responsiveness
Creators: name: Deglurkar, Shivani
name: Xiao, Charles
name: Gockowski, Luke F.
name: Valentine, Megan T.
name: Hawkes, Elliot W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The fields of soft and bio-inspired robotics promise to imbue synthetic systems with capabilities found in the natural world. However, many of these biological capabilities are yet to be realized. For example, vines in nature direct growth via localized responses embedded in the cells of vine body, allowing an organism without a central brain to successfully search for resources (e.g., light). Yet to date, vine-inspired robots have yet to show such localized embedded responsiveness. Here we present a vine-inspired robotic device with material-level responses embedded in its skin and capable of growing and steering toward either a light or heat stimulus. We present basic modeling of the concept, design details, and experimental results showing its behavior in response to infrared (IR) and visible light. Our simple design concept advances the capabilities of bio-inspired robots and lays the foundation for future growing robots that are capable of seeking light or heat, yet are extremely simple and low-cost. Potential applications include solar tracking, and in the future, firefighting smoldering fires. We envision using similar robots to find hot spots in hard-to-access environments, allowing us to put out potentially long-burning fires faster.
Approximation of the spectral action functional in the case of $τ$-compact resolvents
Creators: name: Chattopadhyay, Arup
name: Pradhan, Chandan
name: Skripka, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A55

description: We establish estimates and representations for the remainders of Taylor approximations of the spectral action functional $V\mapstoτ(f(H_0+V))$ on bounded self-adjoint perturbations, where $H_0$ is a self-adjoint operator with $τ$-compact resolvent in a semifinite von Neumann algebra and $f$ belongs to a broad set of compactly supported functions including $n$-times differentiable functions with bounded $n$-th derivative. Our results significantly extend analogous results in \cite{SkAnJOT}, where $f$ was assumed to be compactly supported and $(n+1)$-times continuously differentiable. If, in addition, the resolvent of $H_0$ belongs to the noncommutative $L^n$-space, stronger estimates are derived and extended to noncompactly supported functions with suitable decay at infinity.
description: 14 pages, Revised Version
Single Transverse-Spin Asymmetry in Drell-Yan Production at Large and Moderate Transverse Momentum
Creators: name: Ji, Xiangdong
name: Qiu, Jianwei
name: Vogelsang, Werner
name: Yuan, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the single-transverse spin asymmetry for the Drell-Yan process. We consider production of the lepton pair at large transverse momentum, $q_\perp\sim Q$, where $Q$ is the pair's mass. The spin asymmetry is then of higher twist and may be generated by twist-three quark-gluon correlation functions. Expanding the result for $q_\perp\ll Q$, we make contact with the transverse-momentum-dependent QCD factorization involving the so-called Sivers functions. We find that the two mechanisms, quark-gluon correlations on one hand and the Sivers effect on the other, contain the same physics in this region. This ties the two together and imposes an important constraint on phenomenological studies of single transverse spin asymmetries.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures
FigureS3_island_rule.pdf from Ecological specialization, rather than the island effect, explains morphological diversification in an ancient radiation of geckos
Creators: name: Tejero-Cicuéndez, Héctor
name: Simó-Riudalbas, Marc
name: Menéndez, Iris
name: Carranza, Salvador
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Island colonists are often assumed to experience higher levels of phenotypic diversification than continental taxa. However, empirical evidence has uncovered exceptions to this ‘island effect’. Here, we tested this pattern using the geckos of the genus Pristurus from continental Arabia and Africa and the Socotra Archipelago. Using a recently published phylogeny and an extensive morphological dataset, we explore the differences in phenotypic evolution between Socotran and continental taxa. Moreover, we reconstructed ancestral habitat occupancy to examine if ecological specialization is correlated with morphological change, comparing phenotypic disparity and trait evolution between habitats. We found a heterogeneous outcome of island colonization. Namely, only one of the three colonization events resulted in a body size increase. However, in general, Socotran species do not present higher levels or rates of morphological diversification than continental groups. Instead, habitat specialization explains better the body size and shape evolution in Pristurus. Particularly, the colonization of ground habitats appears as the main driver of morphological change, producing the highest disparity and evolutionary rates. Additionally, arboreal species show very similar body size and head proportions. These results reveal a determinant role of ecological mechanisms in morphological evolution and corroborate the complexity of ecomorphological dynamics in continent–island systems.
Lagartija de Madeira – Teira dugesii (Milne-Edwards, 1829)
Creators: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Description
subject: Size
subject: Variation
subject: Distribution
subject: Habitat
subject: Abundance
subject: Status
subject: Threats
subject: Diet
subject: Reproduction
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology
subject: Demography
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Interactions
subject: Predators
subject: Parasites
subject: Pathogens
subject: Activity
subject: Home range
subject: Bibliography

description: Reptiles - Orden Squamata - Familia Lacertidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/.
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Madeira Lizard Teira dugesii in Spain.
Noncontact Haptic Rendering of Static Contact with Convex Surface Using Circular Movement of Ultrasound Focus on a Finger Pad
Creators: name: Morisaki, Tao
name: Fujiwara, Masahiro
name: Makino, Yasutoshi
name: Shinoda, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A noncontact tactile stimulus can be presented by focusing airborne ultrasound on the human skin. Focused ultrasound has recently been reported to produce not only vibration but also static pressure sensation on the palm by modulating the sound pressure distribution at a low frequency. This finding expands the potential for tactile rendering in ultrasound haptics as static pressure sensation is perceived with a high spatial resolution. In this study, we verified that focused ultrasound can render a static pressure sensation associated with contact with a small convex surface on a finger pad. This static contact rendering enables noncontact tactile reproduction of a fine uneven surface using ultrasound. In the experiments, four ultrasound foci were simultaneously and circularly rotated on a finger pad at 5 Hz. When the orbit radius was 3 mm, vibration and focal movements were barely perceptible, and the stimulus was perceived as static pressure. Moreover, under the condition, the pressure sensation rendered a contact with a small convex surface with a radius of 2 mm. The perceived intensity of the static contact sensation was equivalent to a physical contact force of 0.24 N on average, which was 12 times the radiation force physically applied to the skin.
การศึกษาโครงสร้างผ้าทอจากภูมิปัญญาท้องถิ่น
Creators: name: นิ่มนวล จันทรุญ
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2557
Subjects: โครงสร้างผ้าทอมือ, ภูมิปัญญาท้องถิ่น

description: ฉบับพิเศษ, วารสารมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Effects of diagonal disorder on Charge Density Wave and Superconductivity in local pair systems
Creators: name: Pawlowski, G.
name: Robaszkiewicz, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the influence of diagonal disorder (random site energy) on Charge Density Wave (CDW) and Superconductivity (SS) in local pair systems which are described by the model of hard core charged bosons on a lattice. This problem was previously studied within the mean field approximation for the case of half filled band (n = 1). Here we extend that investigation to the case of arbitrary particle concentration (0 < n < 2) and examine the phase diagrams of the model and the behaviour of superfluid density as a function of n and the increasing disorder. Depending on the strength of random on-site energies, the intersite density-density repulsion and the concentration the model can exhibit several various phases, including homogeneous phases: CDW, SS and Bose-glass (NO) as well as the phase separated states: CDW-SS, CDW-NO and particle droplets. The obtained results for SS phase are in qualitative agreement with the available Monte Carlo calculations for two dimensional lattice. Also, in a definite range of parameters the system exhibits the phenomena which we call a disorder induced superconductivity and a disorder induced charge ordering.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
The stellar population histories of early-type galaxies. III. The Coma Cluster
Creators: name: Trager, S. C.
name: Faber, S. M.
name: Dressler, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present stellar population parameters of twelve early-type galaxies (ETGs) in the Coma Cluster based on spectra obtained using the Low Resolution Imaging Spectrograph on the Keck II Telescope. Our data allow us to examine in detail the zero-point and scatter in their stellar population properties. Our ETGs have SSP-equivalent ages of on average 5-8 Gyr with the models used here, with the oldest galaxies having ages of ~10 Gyr old. This average age is identical to the mean age of field ETGs. Our ETGs span a large range in velocity dispersion but are consistent with being drawn from a population with a single age. Specifically, ten of the twelve ETGs are consistent within their formal errors of having the same age, 5.2+/-0.2 Gyr, over a factor of more than 750 in mass. We therefore find no evidence for downsizing of the stellar populations of ETGs in the core of the Coma Cluster. We suggest that Coma Cluster ETGs may have formed the majority of their mass at high redshifts but suffered small but detectable star formation events at z~0.1-0.3. Previous detections of 'downsizing' from stellar populations of local ETGs may not reflect the same downsizing seen in lookback studies of RSGs, as the young ages of the local ETGs represent only a small fraction of their total masses. (abridged)
description: 49 pages, 20 figures (19 EPS, 1 JPEG). MNRAS, in press. For version with full resolution of Fig. 1 see http://www.astro.rug.nl/~sctrager/coma.pdf; for Table 2, see http://www.astro.rug.nl/~sctrager/coma_table2.pdf; for Table B3, see http://www.astro.rug.nl/~sctrager/coma_tableB3.pdf
Nuclear polarization effects in atoms and ions
Creators: name: Flambaum, V. V.
name: Samsonov, I. B.
name: Tan, H. B. Tran
name: Viatkina, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In heavy atoms and ions, nuclear structure effects are significantly enhanced due to the overlap of the electron wave functions with the nucleus. This overlap rapidly increases with the nuclear charge $Z$. We study the energy level shifts induced by the electric dipole and electric quadrupole nuclear polarization effects in atoms and ions with $Z \geq 20$. The electric dipole polarization effect is enhanced by the nuclear giant dipole resonance. The electric quadrupole polarization effect is enhanced because the electrons in a heavy atom or ion move faster than the rotation of the deformed nucleus, thus experiencing significant corrections to the conventional approximation in which they `see' an averaged nuclear charge density. The electric nuclear polarization effects are computed numerically for $1s$, $2s$, $2p_{1/2}$ and high $ns$ electrons. The results are fitted with elementary functions of nuclear parameters (nuclear charge, mass number, nuclear radius and deformation). We construct an effective potential which models the energy level shifts due to nuclear polarization. This effective potential, when added to the nuclear Coulomb interaction, may be used to find energy level shifts in multi-electron ions, atoms and molecules. The fitting functions and effective potentials of the nuclear polarization effects are important for the studies of isotope shifts and nonlinearity in the King plot which are now used to search for new interactions and particles.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, 10 tables
ผลการจัดกิจกรรมเรียนรู้วิชาภาษาไทยเรื่อง การอ่านและเขียนคำที่มีตัวสะกด ของนักเรียนชั้นประถมศึกษาปีที่ 1 โดยใช้แผนผังความคิด โรงเรียนสาธิตมหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม (ฝ่ายประถม)
Creators: name: ชลธิชา บรรหาร
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2557
Subjects: การอ่านและการเขียนคำที่มีตัวสะกด, แผนผังความคิด

description: ฉบับพิเศษ, วารสารมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Ferreret – Alytes muletensis (Sanchíz y Adrover, 1979)
Creators: name: Oliver, Joan A.
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2014

description: Anfibios - Orden Anura - Familia Alytidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 30-08-2010; 1-08-2014; 24-10-2014
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Mallorcan midwife toad Alytes muletensis in Spain.
Search for Invisible Decays of $η$ and $η^\prime$ in $J/ψ\to ϕη$ and $ϕη^\prime$
Creators: name: BES Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a data sample of $58\times 10^6$ $J/ψ$ decays collected with the BES II detector at the BEPC, searches for invisible decays of $η$ and $η^\prime$ in $J/ψ$ to $ϕη$ and $ϕη^\prime$ are performed. The $ϕ$ signals, which are reconstructed in $K^+K^-$ final states, are used to tag the $η$ and $η^\prime$ decays. No signals are found for the invisible decays of either $η$ or $η^\prime$, and upper limits at the 90% confidence level are determined to be $1.65 \times 10^{-3}$ for the ratio $\frac{B(η\to \text{invisible})}{B(η\toγγ)}$ and $6.69\times 10^{-2}$ for $\frac{B(η^\prime\to \text{invisible})}{B(η^\prime\toγγ)}$. These are the first searches for $η$ and $η^\prime$ decays into invisible final states.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; Added references, Corrected typos
The Fourier, Hilbert and Mellin transforms on a half-line
Creators: name: Blåsten, Emilia L. K.
name: Päivärinta, Lassi
name: Sadique, Sadia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We are interested in the singular behaviour at the origin of solutions to the equation $\mathscr{H} ρ= e$ on a half-axis, where $\mathscr H$ is the one-sided Hilbert transform, $ρ$ an unknown solution and $e$ a known function. This is a simpler model problem on the path to understanding wave field singularities caused by curve-shaped scatterers in a planar domain.
 We prove that $ρ$ has a singularity of the form $\mathscr M[e](1/2) / \sqrt{t}$ where $\mathscr M$ is the Mellin transform. To do this we use specially built function spaces $\mathscr M'(a,b)$ by Zemanian, and these allow us to precisely investigate the relationship between the Mellin and Hilbert transforms. Fourier comes into play in the sense that the Mellin transform is simpy the Fourier transform on the locally compact Abelian multiplicative group of the half-line, and as a more familiar operator it guides our investigation.
Sapo balear – Bufotes balearicus (Boettger, 1880)
Creators: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2014

description: Anfibios - Orden Anura - Familia Bufonidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 23-05-2008; 2-06-2009
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Balearic toad Bufotes balearicus in Spain.
Kinematics of gas and stars in the circumnuclear starforming ring of NGC 3351
Creators: name: Hagele, Guillermo F.
name: Diaz, Angeles I.
name: Cardaci, Monica V.
name: Terlevich, Elena
name: Terlevich, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured gas and stellar velocity dispersions in 5 circumnuclear starforming regions (CNSFRs) and the nucleus of the barred spiral galaxy NGC 3351. The stellar dispersions have been obtained from high resolution spectra of the CaT lines at $λλ$ 8494, 8542, 8662 Å, while the gas velocity dispersions have been measured by Gaussian fits to the H$β$ $λ$ 4861 Åline on high dispersion spectra. The CNSFRs, with sizes of about 100 to 150 pc in diameter, are seen to be composed of several individual star clusters with sizes between 1.7 and 4.9 pc on an HST image. Using the stellar velocity dispersions, we have derived dynamical masses for the entire starforming complexes and for the individual star clusters. Values of the stellar velocity dispersions are between 39 and 67 km s$^{-1}$. Dynamical masses for the whole CNSFRs are between 4.9 $\times$ 10$^6$ and 4.3 $\times$ 10$^7$ M$_\odot$ and between 1.8 and 8.7 $\times$ 10$^6$ M$_\odot$ for the individual star clusters. Stellar and gas velocity dispersions are found to differ by about 20 km s$^{-1}$ with the H$β$ lines being narrower than both the stellar lines and the [O{\sc iii}] $λ$ 5007 Ålines. We have found indications for the presence of two different kinematical components in the ionised gas of the regions. The radial velocity curve shows deviation from circular motions for the ionised hydrogen consistent with its infall towards the central regions of the galaxy at a velocity of about 25 km s$^{-1}$. To disentangle the origin of these two components it will be necessary to map these regions with high spectral and spatial resolution and much better S/N in particular for the O$^{2+}$ lines.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, 7 tables - Accepted by MNRAS
X-ray and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Measurements of the Gas Mass Fraction in Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: LaRoque, S.
name: Bonamente, M.
name: Carlstrom, J.
name: Joy, M.
name: Nagai, D.
name: Reese, E.
name: Dawson, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present gas mass fractions of 38 massive galaxy clusters spanning redshifts from 0.14 to 0.89, derived from Chandra X-ray data and OVRO/BIMA interferometric Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect measurements. We use three models for the gas distribution: (1) an isothermal beta-model fit jointly to the X-ray data at radii beyond 100 kpc and to all of the SZE data,(2) a non-isothermal double beta-model fit jointly to all of the X-ray and SZE data, and (3) an isothermal beta-model fit only to the SZE spatial data. We show that the simple isothermal model well characterizes the intracluster medium (ICM) outside of the cluster core in clusters with a wide range of morphological properties. The X-ray and SZE determinations of mean gas mass fractions for the 100 kpc-cut isothermal beta-model are fgas(X-ray)=0.110 +0.003-0.003 +0.006-0.018 and fgas(SZE)=0.116 +0.005-0.005 +0.009-0.026, where uncertainties are statistical followed by systematic at 68% confidence. For the non-isothermal double beta-model, fgas(X-ray)=0.119 +0.003-0.003 +0.007-0.014 and fgas(SZE)=0.121 +0.005-0.005 +0.009-0.016. For the SZE-only model, fgas(SZE)=0.120 +0.009-0.009 +0.009-0.027. Our results indicate that the ratio of the gas mass fraction within r2500 to the cosmic baryon fraction is 0.68 +0.10-0.16 where the range includes statistical and systematic uncertainties. By assuming that cluster gas mass fractions are independent of redshift, we find that the results are in agreement with standard LambdaCDM cosmology and are inconsistent with a flat matter dominated universe.
description: ApJ, submitted. 47 pages, 5 figures, 8 tables