cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Estimating horizontal movement performance of patient beds and the impact on emergency evacuation time
Creators: name: Kwak, Jaeyoung
name: Lees, Michael H.
name: Cai, Wentong
name: Pourghaderi, Ahmad Reza
name: Ong, Marcus E. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Emergency evacuation of patients from a hospital can be challenging in the event of a fire. Most emergency evacuation studies are based on the assumption that pedestrians are ambulant and can egress by themselves. However, this is often not the case during emergency evacuations in healthcare facilities such as hospitals and nursing homes. To investigate emergency evacuations in such healthcare facilities, we performed a series of controlled experiments to study the dynamics of patient beds in horizontal movement. We considered a patient bed because it is one of the commonly used devices to transport patients within healthcare facilities. Through a series of controlled experiments, we examined the change of velocity in corner turning movements and speed reductions in multiple trips between both ends of a straight corridor. Based on the experimental results, we then developed a mathematical model of total evacuation time prediction for a patient bed horizontally moving in a healthcare facility. Factoring uncertainty in the horizontal movement, we produced the probability distribution of movement duration and estimated the probability that an evacuation can be safely performed within certain amount of time. In addition, we predicted that the evacuation time would be longer than the prediction results from an existing model which assumes constant movement speed. Our results from the model demonstrated good agreement with our experimental results.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, 10 tables
Multi-objective Optimization by Uncrowded Hypervolume Gradient Ascent
Creators: name: Deist, Timo M.
name: Maree, Stefanus C.
name: Alderliesten, Tanja
name: Bosman, Peter A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) are the preferred method for solving black-box multi-objective optimization problems, but when gradients of the objective functions are available, it is not straightforward to exploit these efficiently. By contrast, gradient-based optimization is well-established for single-objective optimization. A single-objective reformulation of the multi-objective problem could therefore offer a solution. Of particular interest to this end is the recently introduced uncrowded hypervolume (UHV) indicator, which takes into account dominated solutions. In this work, we show that the gradient of the UHV can often be computed, which allows for a direct application of gradient ascent algorithms. We compare this new approach with two EAs for UHV optimization as well as with one gradient-based algorithm for optimizing the well-established hypervolume. On several bi-objective benchmarks, we find that gradient-based algorithms outperform the tested EAs by obtaining a better hypervolume with fewer evaluations whenever exact gradients of the multiple objective functions are available and in case of small evaluation budgets. For larger budgets, however, EAs perform similarly or better. We further find that, when finite differences are used to approximate the gradients of the multiple objectives, our new gradient-based algorithm is still competitive with EAs in most considered benchmarks. Implementations are available at https://github.com/scmaree/uncrowded-hypervolume.
description: T.M.D. and S.C.M. contributed equally. The final authenticated version is available in the conference proceedings of Parallel Problem Solving from Nature - PPSN XVI. Changes in new version: removed statement about Pareto compliance in abstract; added related work; corrected minor mistakes
Depreciation and Obsolescence in the Context of Natural Resource Accounting
Creators: name: Harris, Michael
name: Harris, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Land Economics/Use
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Conventional national accounting practice emphasises depreciation as both a physical loss in productive capital and an economic loss due to obsolescence. This emphasis is only partially paralleled in prescriptions for natural resource accounting, where resource depletion is typically treated as “physical capital depreciation”. Depreciation resulting from obsolescence—and thus relative price changes rather than physical wastage—does not feature in resource accounting. The question is, what (if anything) does a consideration of obsolescence imply for work in resource accounting? What price changes should be incorporated into revised accounts, and when are they distinct from capital gains/losses? What is the connection between obsolescence and productivity change? What “counterfactual” should apply for renewable resources? This paper contains some tentative explorations of these questions.
The Jahn-Teller active fluoroperovskites $A\mathrm{CrF_3}$ $A=\mathrm{Na^+},\mathrm{K^+}$: thermo- and magneto optical correlations as function of the $A$-site
Creators: name: Bernal, F. L. M.
name: Lundvall, F.
name: Kumar, S.
name: Hansen, P-A.
name: Wragg, D. S.
name: Løvvik, O. M.
name: Fjellvåg, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chromium (II) fluoroperovskites $A\mathrm{CrF_3}(A\mathrm{=Na^+,K^+})$ are strongly correlated Jahn-Teller active materials at low temperatures. In this paper, we examine the role that the $A$-site ion plays in this family of fluoroperovskites using both experimental methods (XRD, optical absorption spectroscopy and magnetic fields) and DFT simulations. Temperature-dependent optical absorption experiments show that the spin-allowed transitions $E_2$ and $E_3$ only merge completely for $A$= Na at 2 K. Field-dependent optical absorption measurements at 2 K show that the oscillating strength of the spin-allowed transitions in $\mathrm{NaCrF_3}$ increases with increasing applied field. Direct magneto-structural correlations which suppress the spin-flip transitions are observed for ${\rm KCrF_3}$ below its Neél temperature. In ${\rm NaCrF_3}$ the spin-flip transitions vanish abruptly below 9 K revealing magneto-optical correlations not linked to crystal structure changes. This suggests that as the long range ordering is reduced local JT effects in the individual ${\rm CrF_6^{4-}}$ octahedra take control of the observed behavior. Our results show clear deviation from the pattern found for the isoelectronic $A_x{\rm MnF}_{3+x}$ system. The size of the $A$-site cation is shown to be central in dictating the physical properties and phase transitions in $A{\rm CrF}_3$, opening up the possibility of varying the composition to create novel states of matter with tuneable properties.
Temporary carbon storage and discount rates
Creators: name: Hean, Robyn L.
name: Cacho, Oscar J.
name: Menz, Kenneth M.
name: Hean, Robyn L.
name: Cacho, Oscar J.
name: Menz, Kenneth M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: carbon accounting
subject: reforestation
subject: discounting
subject: bioeconomics

description: Several approaches have been proposed for accounting for temporary carbon sequestration in land-use change and forestry projects that are implemented to offset permanent emissions of carbon dioxide from the energy sector. In a previous paper, we evaluated the incentives provided by some of these approaches. In this paper, we investigate further what we call the “ideal” accounting system, where the forest owner would be paid for carbon sequestration as the service is provided and redeem payments when the forest is harvested and carbon is released back into the atmosphere. We demonstrate how discounting affects the net present value of the forest when carbon sequestration is taken into account under this ideal system. Not all carbon is released back into the atmosphere at harvest, however, since a large proportion may remain fixed in forest products for many years. Here, we compare the profitability of the forest under full redemption of credits at harvest, with partial redemption of credits at harvest followed by annual redemption post-harvest as the carbon decays in a durable forest product. The analysis is based on simulation of farm-forestry systems in south-eastern Australia.
Additional file 1 of Bridging the gap between complexity science and clinical practice by formalizing idiographic theories: a computational model of functional analysis
Creators: name: Burger, Julian
name: Date C. Van Der Veen
name: Robinaugh, Donald J.
name: Quax, Rick
name: Riese, Harriëtte
name: Schoevers, Robert A.
name: Epskamp, Sacha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Mathematical background. This file includes the mathematical background, including differential equations for the system variables and interventions, as well as parameter choices and initial values to conduct the simulations.
Kerstin Borchhardt; Böcklins Bestiarium. Mischwesen in der modernen Malerei
Creators: name: Henke, Julia
Publisher: name: Journal für Kunstgeschichte
Year: 2024

description: Rezension zu: Kerstin Borchhardt; Böcklins Bestiarium. Mischwesen in der modernen Malerei; Berlin: Reimer Verlag 2017; 344 S., 65 farb. u. 52 s/w-Abb.; ISBN 978-3-496-01565-9
description: Journal für Kunstgeschichte, Bd. 24 Nr. 3 (2020): Journal für Kunstgeschichte
EVALUATION OF COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT: INSIGHTS FROM A SURVEY OF SUGAR INDUSTRY RESEARCHERS
Creators: name: Henderson, Tracy M.
name: Henderson, Tracy M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: evaluation
subject: collaborative research
subject: sugar
subject: systems approach

description: The Australian agricultural research and development (R&D) sector faces many challenges associated with the trend to increased collaborative research as promoted by the Cooperative Research Centre Program. Analysis of the results of an electronic survey of researchers involved in the sugar industry highlights economic, managerial, and sociological challenges associated with collaborative research. Researchers’ perceptions of the usefulness of a range of economic and non-economic evaluation techniques are also highlighted. It is shown that economic evaluation is appropriate for resource allocation and impact assessment purposes but is of limited value in monitoring and improving the process of collaborative research. A systems-based approach to the evaluation of collaborative R&D incorporating principles from economics, management, and sociology is promoted as an appropriate alternative that could contribute to improved efficiency and effectiveness of collaborative research activities.
Observations on discretization errors in twisted-mass lattice QCD
Creators: name: Sharpe, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I make a number of observations concerning discretization errors in twisted-mass lattice QCD that can be deduced by applying chiral perturbation theory including lattice artifacts. (1) The line along which the PCAC quark mass vanishes in the twisted mass-twisted mass plane makes an angle to the untwisted mass axis which is a direct measure of O(a) terms in the chiral Lagrangian, and is found numerically to be large; (2) Numerical results for pionic quantities in the mass plane show the qualitative properties predicted by chiral perturbation theory, in particular an asymmetry in slopes between positive and negative untwisted quark masses; (3) By extending the description of the ``Aoki regime'' (where m_q is of size a^2 Lambda_QCD^3) to next-to-leading order in chiral perturbation theory I show how the phase transition lines and lines of maximal twist (using different definitions) extend into this region, and give predictions for the functional form of pionic quantities; (4) I argue that the recent claim that lattice artifacts at maximal twist have apparent infrared singularities in the chiral limit results from expanding about the incorrect vacuum state. Shifting to the correct vacuum (as can be done using chiral perturbation theory) the apparent singularities are summed into non-singular, and furthermore predicted, forms. I further argue that there is no breakdown in the Symanzik expansion in powers of lattice spacing, and no barrier to simulating at maximal twist in the Aoki regime.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures. Published version. More typos corrected, and summary paragraph added to sections II and IV
Additional file 1 of From urban neighbourhood environments to cognitive health: a cross-sectional analysis of the role of physical activity and sedentary behaviours
Creators: name: Cerin, Ester
name: Barnett, Anthony
name: Shaw, Jonathan E.
name: Martino, Erika
name: Knibbs, Luke D.
name: Tham, Rachel
name: Wheeler, Amanda J.
name: Anstey, Kaarin J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 4 of KLF4 defines the efficacy of the epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, erlotinib, in triple-negative breast cancer cells by repressing the EGFR gene
Creators: name: Melyssa S. Roberts
name: Anstine, Lindsey J.
name: Finke, Viviane S.
name: Bryson, Benjamin L.
name: Webb, Bryan M.
name: Weber-Bonk, Kristen L.
name: Seachrist, Darcie D.
name: Parth R. Majmudar
name: Keri, Ruth A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. Repression of EGFR is an obligatory intermediate step for KLF4 to inhibit aggressive breast cancer phenotypes. a REVERT staining of total protein in Fig. 5a. b REVERT staining of total protein in Fig. 5b.
Vortex lattice in two-dimensional chiral XY ferromagnets and the inverse Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition
Creators: name: Costa, A.
name: Sturla, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter we will show that, in the presence of a properly modulated Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction, a $U(1)$ vortex-antivortex lattice appears at low temperatures for a wide range of the DM interaction. Even more, in the region dominated by the exchange interaction, a standard BKT transition occurs. In the opposite regime, the one dominated by the DM interaction, a kind of inverse BKT transition (iBKT) takes place. As temperature rises, the vortex-antivortex lattice starts melting by annihilation of pairs of vortex-antivortex, in a sort of "inverse" BKT transition.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of The frequency of impairments in everyday activities due to the overuse of the internet, gaming, or smartphone, and its relationship to health-related quality of life in Korea
Creators: name: Jeong, Yeo-Won
name: Han, Young-Ran
name: Kim, Sang-Kyu
name: Han-Seok Jeong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary File 1. The analytic method of weight value.
A Stochastic Differential Equation for Modeling the “Classical” Probability Distributions
Creators: name: Hertzler, Greg
name: Hertzler, Greg
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Stochastic differential equations are a flexible way to model continuous probability distributions. The most popular differential equations are for non-stationary Lognormal, non-stationary Normal and stationary Ornstein-Uhlenbeck distributions. The probability densities are known for these distributions and the assumptions behind the differential equations are well understood. Unfortunately, the assumptions do not fit most situations. In economics and finance, prices and quantities are usually stationary and positive. The Lognormal and Normal distributions are nonstationary and the Normal and Ornstein-Uhlenbeck distributions allow negative prices and quantities. This study derives a stochastic differential equation that includes most of the classical probability distributions as special cases and greatly expands the number distributions that can be used in models of stochastic dynamic systems.
Additional file 2 of The frequency of impairments in everyday activities due to the overuse of the internet, gaming, or smartphone, and its relationship to health-related quality of life in Korea
Creators: name: Jeong, Yeo-Won
name: Han, Young-Ran
name: Kim, Sang-Kyu
name: Han-Seok Jeong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary File 2. Description of variables used in this study sociodemographic attributes, social relationships & activities, and psychosocial factors.
Two aspects of color superconductivity: gauge independence and neutrality
Creators: name: Gerhold, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A formal proof is given that the fermionic quasiparticle dispersion laws in a color superconductor are gauge independent. It is shown that the gluon (photon) field acquires a non-vanishing expectation value in a color superconductor, which is related to color (electric) neutrality.
description: 5 pages, to appear in the proceedings of SEWM 2004, Helsinki, 16-19 June 2004
Additional file 5 of KLF4 defines the efficacy of the epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, erlotinib, in triple-negative breast cancer cells by repressing the EGFR gene
Creators: name: Melyssa S. Roberts
name: Anstine, Lindsey J.
name: Finke, Viviane S.
name: Bryson, Benjamin L.
name: Webb, Bryan M.
name: Weber-Bonk, Kristen L.
name: Seachrist, Darcie D.
name: Parth R. Majmudar
name: Keri, Ruth A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5: Table S1. ChIP-PCR primer sequences. Primer sequences targeting six regions within the EGFR promoter are listed.
Comparing the effects of different approaches to liberalising world grains markets
Creators: name: Hirad, Hagi
name: Nelson, Rohan
name: Andrews, Neil
name: Shaw, Ian
name: Hirad, Hagi
name: Nelson, Rohan
name: Andrews, Neil
name: Shaw, Ian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
International Relations/Trade

description: The success of the current Doha Round of the WTO negotiations on agriculture will require substantial reform in each of the three areas of market access, export subsidies and domestic support. Substantial improvement in market access for agricultural products will be an essential requirement for achieving a successful outcome. However, the extent of improvement in market access resulting from the current negotiations will largely depend on the form and the approach followed to reduce tariffs and expand tariff rate quotas. In this paper different approaches to expanding market access for grains area analysed using a partial equilibrium model. Simulated scenarios include linear reductions in applied tariffs and expansions in tariff rate quotas, which are contrasted with a scenario representing market access proposals of the Cairns Group of countries in the current WTO agricultural negotiations. The effects of these two trade liberalisation scenarios on world prices and trade are analysed and discussed. Results indicate that to achieve a meaningful gain in market access for grains, WTO members must agree to either directly reduce the current applied tariffs or make large percentage reductions to the WTO bound rates, which lead to effective reductions in the current applied rates.
The economic cost of weeds in dryland cotton production systems of Australia
Creators: name: Hoque, Ziaul
name: Farquharson, Robert J.
name: Taylor, Ian
name: Walker, Steve
name: Osten, Vikki
name: Jones, Randall E.
name: Hoque, Ziaul
name: Farquharson, Robert J.
name: Taylor, Ian
name: Walker, Steve
name: Osten, Vikki
name: Jones, Randall E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Weeds
subject: Dryland Cotton
subject: and Economics

description: Economic losses and costs associated with weeds in dryland cotton production are important, both for growers and for industry bodies when making decisions about research priorities and research and development funding. A survey was conducted to provide information on weed types, control strategies and estimated costs to growers. We used information from the survey to estimate conventional financial losses due to weeds, and as a basis for evaluating aggregate economic (society) impacts. An economic surplus model was used to estimate the aggregate societal impact of weeds for three production regions in north-eastern Australia. The annual economic costs associated with weeds were estimated to be $41 million, and the on-farm financial costs were $25 million. While these are past (sunk) costs, and based on a total removal of weeds, the approach outlined here can be used to begin evaluating likely future returns from technologies or management improvements for different agricultural problems.
LAND USE IN THE AUSTRALIAN RANGELANDS
Creators: name: Hughes, Phil
name: Schuele, Michael
name: Hughes, Phil
name: Schuele, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: This paper reviews pastoral lease arrangements across Australia and considers the extent to which these affect the emergence of non-pastoral land uses. Some 44 per cent of Australia is made up of pastoral leases. The predominant use of these leases is for grazing livestock (primarily sheep and cattle). However, there is increasing demand for this land to be used for non-pastoral uses, such as tourism, farming of nonconventional livestock (such as goats, kangaroos and camels) and conservation of native wildlife. More neutral and outcome-focused pastoral leasing arrangements may better facilitate pastoral and non-pastoral land uses in the future.
Additional file 1 of Overnight variation in tidal expiratory flow limitation in COPD patients and its correction: an observational study
Creators: name: McKenzie, J.
name: Nisha, P.
name: Cannon-Bailey, S.
name: Cain, C.
name: Kissel, M.
name: Stachel, J.
name: Proscyk, C.
name: Romano, R.
name: Hardy, B.
name: Calverley, P. M. A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Representative case of one participant (participant 11) daily EPAP parameters over 2-weeks. Fig S1. Subject 11—DeltaXrs samples for every session (n = 14) for a typical participant (subject 11), where the start of each session treated as time = 0. Each point represents a 2 min average of the ∆Xrs values occurring during that time.
Cross sections for production of closed superstrings at high energy colliders in brane world models
Creators: name: Chialva, Diego
name: Iengo, Roberto
name: Russo, Jorge G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In brane world string models with large extra dimensions, there are processes where fermion and antifermion (or two gluons) can annihilate producing a light particle (e.g. gluon) carrying transverse momentum and a Kaluza-Klein graviton or an excited closed string that propagates in the extra dimensions. In high energy colliders, this process gives a missing momentum signature. We compute the total cross section for this process within the context of type II superstring theory in the presence of a D brane. This includes all missing energy sources for this string theory model up to s=8M_s^2, and it can be used to put new limits on the string scale M_s.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures. Reference added
Unveiling the Planet Population at Birth
Creators: name: Rogers, James G.
name: Owen, James E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radius distribution of small, close-in exoplanets has recently been shown to be bimodal. The photoevaporation model predicted this bimodality. In the photoevaporation scenario, some planets are completely stripped of their primordial H/He atmospheres, whereas others retain them. Comparisons between the photoevaporation model and observed planetary populations have the power to unveil details of the planet population inaccessible by standard observations, such as the core mass distribution and core composition. In this work, we present a hierarchical inference analysis on the distribution of close-in exoplanets using forward-models of photoevaporation evolution. We use this model to constrain the planetary distributions for core composition, core mass and initial atmospheric mass fraction. We find that the core-mass distribution is peaked, with a peak-mass of $\sim 4$M$_\oplus$. The bulk core-composition is consistent with a rock/iron mixture that is ice-poor and ``Earth-like''; the spread in core-composition is found to be narrow ($\lesssim 16\%$ variation in iron-mass fraction at the 2$σ$ level) and consistent with zero. This result favours core formation in a water/ice poor environment. We find the majority of planets accreted a H/He envelope with a typical mass fraction of $\sim 4\%$; only a small fraction did not accrete large amounts of H/He and were ``born-rocky''. We find four-times as many super-Earths were formed through photoevaporation, as formed without a large H/He atmosphere. Finally, we find core-accretion theory over-predicts the amount of H/He cores would have accreted by a factor of $\sim 5$, pointing to additional mass-loss mechanisms (e.g. ``boil-off'') or modifications to core-accretion theory.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Supplementary material can be found at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4554210
The Genetic Code Boolean Lattice
Creators: name: Sanchez, Robersy
name: Morgado, Eberto
name: Grau, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The algebraic structures of the genetic code are most important to obtain additional information about the semantic code and its applications. In this paper we define two dual Boolean codon lattices of the genetic code using hydrogen bond numbers and the chemical types of bases: purines and pyrimidines. The Boolean lattices reflect the role of hydrophobicity in the distribution of codon assignments to each amino acid. Particularly, the symmetric images of codons with adenine as second base coding to hydrophilic amino acids are always codons with uracil as second base coding to hydrophobic amino acids as they represented in the Hasse diagrams. The Hamming distance between two codons in the Hasse diagram reflects the different hydrophobicities between their respective coded amino acids. Our experiments have demonstrated a small Hamming distance to the wild type HXB2 of almost all the drug-resistant reported mutations in HIV protease gene. The human beta-globin mutant genes have also exhibited similar results. Our research suggests that the Hamming distance between two genes in the molecular evolution process have a minimal value.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 2 of KLF4 defines the efficacy of the epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, erlotinib, in triple-negative breast cancer cells by repressing the EGFR gene
Creators: name: Melyssa S. Roberts
name: Anstine, Lindsey J.
name: Finke, Viviane S.
name: Bryson, Benjamin L.
name: Webb, Bryan M.
name: Weber-Bonk, Kristen L.
name: Seachrist, Darcie D.
name: Parth R. Majmudar
name: Keri, Ruth A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Identification of a KLF4-regulated protein signature reveals EGFR as a downstream target. The top a 63 downregulated proteins and b 14 upregulated proteins after KLF4 overexpression. c Protein-Protein interaction network including proteins with greater than 2-fold expression decrease after AdKLF4 infection and RPPA analysis. Colored nodes indicate query proteins and the first shell of interactors. Teal and purple lines indicate known interactions. Green, red, yellow and blue lines indicate predicted interactions. d REVERT staining of total protein in MDA-MB-231 cells after transduction with AdGFP (AdG) or AdKLF4 (AdK).
Doha scenarios, trade reforms, and poverty in the Philippines: A CGE Analysis
Creators: name: Cororaton, Caesar B.
name: Cockburn, John
name: Corong, Erwin L.
name: Cororaton, Caesar B.
name: Cockburn, John
name: Corong, Erwin L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Doha agreement
subject: Computable general equilibrium (CGE)
subject: Free trade

description: The paper examines the possible impact of Doha agreement on Philippine poverty. Using a detailed CGE analysis, the agreement is observed to depress world demand for Philippine agricultural exports, and thus slightly increase poverty, especially among rural households. However, an ambitious full trade liberalization scenario, which involves free world trade and domestic liberalization, leads to increased industrial exports that favor urban households. These impacts are driven primarily by domestic trade liberalization, as free world trade favors the agricultural sector by increasing the cost of competing agricultural imports.
On the Hipparcos parallaxes of O stars
Creators: name: Schroeder, S. E.
name: Kaper, L.
name: Lamers, H. J. G. L. M.
name: Brown, A. G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the absolute visual magnitude of the majority of bright O stars in the sky as predicted from their spectral type with the absolute magnitude calculated from their apparent magnitude and the Hipparcos parallax. We find that many stars appear to be much fainter than expected, up to five magnitudes. We find no evidence for a correlation between magnitude differences and the stellar rotational velocity as suggested for OB stars by Lamers et al. (1997), whose small sample of stars is partly included in ours. Instead, by means of a simulation we show how these differences arise naturally from the large distances at which O stars are located, and the level of precision of the parallax measurements achieved by Hipparcos. Straightforwardly deriving a distance from the Hipparcos parallax yields reliable results for one or two O stars only. We discuss several types of bias reported in the literature in connection with parallax samples (Lutz-Kelker, Malmquist) and investigate how they affect the O star sample. In addition, we test three absolute magnitude calibrations from the literature (Schmidt-Kaler et al. 1982; Howarth & Prinja 1989; Vacca et al. 1996) and find that they are consistent with the Hipparcos measurements. Although O stars conform nicely to the simulation, we notice that some B stars in the sample of Lamers et al. (1997) have a magnitude difference larger than expected.
description: 9 pages, 5 eps figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Additional file 3 of KLF4 defines the efficacy of the epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, erlotinib, in triple-negative breast cancer cells by repressing the EGFR gene
Creators: name: Melyssa S. Roberts
name: Anstine, Lindsey J.
name: Finke, Viviane S.
name: Bryson, Benjamin L.
name: Webb, Bryan M.
name: Weber-Bonk, Kristen L.
name: Seachrist, Darcie D.
name: Parth R. Majmudar
name: Keri, Ruth A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. KLF4 negatively regulates the EGFR signaling pathway. a REVERT staining of total protein in Fig. 3a. b REVERT staining of total protein in Fig. 3c. c REVERT staining of total protein in Fig. 3e.
Droplets sit and slide anisotropically on soft, stretched substrates
Creators: name: Smith-Mannschott, Katrina
name: Xu, Qin
name: Heyden, Stefanie
name: Bain, Nicolas
name: Dufresne, Eric R.
name: Style, Robert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anisotropically wetting substrates enable useful control of droplet behavior across a range of applications. Usually, these involve chemically or physically patterning the substrate surface, or applying gradients in properties like temperature or electrical field. Here, we show that a flat, stretched, uniform soft substrate also exhibits asymmetric wetting, both in terms of how droplets slide and in their static shape. Droplet dynamics are strongly affected by stretch: glycerol droplets on silicone substrates with a 23\% stretch slide 67\% faster in the direction parallel to the applied stretch than in the perpendicular direction. Contrary to classical wetting theory, static droplets in equilibrium appear elongated, oriented parallel to the stretch direction. Both effects arise from droplet-induced deformations of the substrate near the contact line.
description: 3 figures
Burning of an hadronic star into a quark or a hybrid star
Creators: name: Drago, Alessandro
name: Lavagno, Andrea
name: Parenti, Irene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the hydrodynamical transition from an hadronic star into a quark or a hybrid star. We discuss the possible mode of burning, using a fully relativistic formalism and realistic Equations of State in which hyperons can be present. We take into account the possibility that quarks form a diquark condensate. We also discuss the formation of a mixed phase of hadrons and quarks, and we indicate which region of the star can rapidly convert in various possible scenarios. An estimate of the final temperature of the system is provided. We find that the conversion process always corresponds to a deflagration and never to a detonation. Hydrodynamical instabilities can develop on the front. We estimate the increase in the conversion's velocity due to the formation of wrinkles and we find that, although the increase is significant, it is not sufficient to transform the deflagration into a detonation in essentially all realistic scenarios. Concerning convection, it does not always develop. In particular the system does not develop convection if hyperons are not present in the initial phase and if the newly formed quark phase is made of ungapped (or weakly gapped) quarks. At the contrary, the process of conversion from ungapped quark matter to gapped quarks always allows the formation of a convective layer. Finally, we discuss possible astrophysical implications of our results.
description: 47 pages, 23 figures New version after referee's comments. Two sections and two figures added
Anisotropic swelling of anisotropic elastic panels
Creators: name: Wood, H. G.
name: Hanna, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While isotropic in-plane swelling problems for thin elastic sheets have been studied extensively in recent years, many shape-programmable materials, including nematic solids and 3D-printed structures, are anisotropic, as are most industrial sheet materials. In this theoretical work, we consider central swelling and shrinkage of plates of aspect ratio and material properties relevant to the manufacture of engineered wood composite panels in which both in-plane swelling and material stiffness are highly orthotropic, leading to multiple separations in energy scales. With transverse swelling in the soft direction, and gradients in the stiff direction, the warped plates adopt two distinct types of configurations, axisymmetric and twisted, which we illustrate with toy models. We employ a two-parameter family of isometries to embed the metric programmed by the swelling, thus reducing the problem to one of minimizing bending energy alone. A simple argument is seen to closely predict averaged axisymmetric curvatures. While purely cylindrical shapes are unobtainable by pure in-plane swelling, they can be closely approximated in a highly anisotropic system. However, anisotropy can favor twisting, and breaks a degenerate soft deformation mode associated with minimal surfaces in isotropic materials. Bifurcations from axisymmetric to twisted shapes can be induced by anisotropy or by certain attributes of a central shrinkage profile. Finally, we note how our findings indicate practical limitations on the diagnosis of moisture inhomogeneities in manufactured panels by observation of warped conformations, due to the sensitivity of the qualitative response to specifics of the profile.
description: uzwellinga
Additional file 1 of KLF4 defines the efficacy of the epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor, erlotinib, in triple-negative breast cancer cells by repressing the EGFR gene
Creators: name: Melyssa S. Roberts
name: Anstine, Lindsey J.
name: Finke, Viviane S.
name: Bryson, Benjamin L.
name: Webb, Bryan M.
name: Weber-Bonk, Kristen L.
name: Seachrist, Darcie D.
name: Parth R. Majmudar
name: Keri, Ruth A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. KLF4 represses migration, invasion, and cell growth in breast epithelial cells. a REVERT staining of total protein across eight different breast cell lines: MCF10A (10A), MCF7, T47D, SKBR3, SUM159, HCC70, MDA-MB-468 (468), and MDA-MB-231 (231). b REVERT staining of total protein in MCF10A cells as well as MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468 after transduction with AdGFP (G) or AdKLF4 (K). c REVERT staining of total protein in MCF10A cells after transfection with siNS or siKLF4 (siK).
The dragon and the elephant: Agricultural and rural reforms in China and India
Creators: name: Gulati, Ashok
name: Fan, Shenggen
name: Dalafi, Sara
name: Gulati, Ashok
name: Fan, Shenggen
name: Dalafi, Sara
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Development
subject: Poverty alleviation
subject: Egypt
subject: Economic reform
subject: China

description: China's and India's rapid rise in the global arena has not only captured the attention of the world but has also set into motion a rethinking of the very paradigm of economic development. Today, China and India together account for 40 percent of the world's population. Both have implemented a series of economic reforms in the past two and half decades: China initiated this process at the end of the 1970s, while India began in the early 1990s. These reforms have led to rapid economic growth, with a growth rate of 8-9 percent per annum in China and 6-7 percent per annum in India. Despite similar trends in the reforms, the two countries have taken different reform paths; China started off with reforms in agriculture sector and in rural areas, while India started by liberalizing and reforming the manufacturing sector. These differences have led to different growth and poverty reduction in the future. What can we learn from the process of economic reform in these two countries? A number of studies looking into key aspects of reform and their relationship to outcomes, presented at two international workshops held in New Delhi and Beijing, try to offer some answers to these questions. These papers are currently being prepared by IFPRI for publication, and this discussion paper is a synopsis presented as a forerunner to the book.
Importance of Fermi surface and magnetic interactions for the superconducting dome in electron doped FeSe intercalates
Creators: name: Shimizu, Makoto
name: Takemori, Nayuta
name: Guterding, Daniel
name: Jeschke, Harald O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The van-der-Waals gap of iron chalcogenide superconductors can be intercalated with a variety of inorganic and organic compounds that modify the electron doping level of the iron layers. In Lix(C3N2H10)0.37FeSe, a dome in the superconducting transition temperature Tc has been reported to occur in the doping range of x=0.06 to x=0.68. We use a combination of density functional theory and spin fluctuation theory to capture the evolution of superconducting transition temperatures theoretically. We clearly demonstrate how the changing electronic structure supports an increasing superconducting Tc. The suppression of Tc at high doping levels can, however, only be understood by analyzing the magnetic tendencies, which evolve from stripe-type at low doping to bicollinear at high doping.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, supplement
Trade liberalization and food security in Nepal
Creators: name: Pyakuryal, Bishwambher
name: Thapa, Y.B.
name: Roy, Devesh
name: Pyakuryal, Bishwambher
name: Thapa, Y.B.
name: Roy, Devesh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
International Relations/Trade

description: Among South Asian countries, Nepal has liberalized most extensively during the 1980s and 1990s on both fronts, domestic and external. Nepal is a least developed country with a gross national product of US $235 per capita in 2001 and second lowest per capita wealth in the world. In South Asia, Nepal has the lowest per capita income, highest dependence of population on agriculture and second highest poverty rate. At the same, on an average, Nepal has the lowest tariffs in South Asia and has taken several steps to downsize its public distribution system and remove a host of agricultural subsidies. This twin scenario where the lowest per capita income country is perhaps also the most liberalized makes for an interesting case for policy analysis. This paper reviews the outcomes from the liberalization policies followed by Nepal relating to food security.
Additional file 1 of Evaluating process fidelity during the implementation of Group Antenatal Care in Mexico
Creators: name: Fuentes-Rivera, Evelyn
name: Heredia-Pi, Ileana
name: Zafiro Andrade-Romo
name: Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline
name: Bravo, Lourdes
name: Jurkiewicz, Laurie
name: Darney, Blair G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Essential Elements of the Centering Healthcare Model of Group Care and phases in which they occur. Table S2. Implementation of the G-ANC model in Mexico. Table S3. Process fidelity during the implementation of Group Antenatal Care in Mexico: results by phase and for the entire intervention according to trained facilitation teams.
Are poor, remote areas left behind in agricultural development: the case of Tanzania
Creators: name: Minot, Nicholas
name: Minot, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Tanzania
subject: Poverty
subject: Market access
subject: Agricultural development
subject: Rural areas
subject: Economic reform
subject: Measurement
subject: Rural poverty

description: In Tanzania, as in many other developing countries, the conventional wisdom is that economic reforms may have stimulated economic growth, but that the benefits of this growth have been uneven, favoring urban households and farmers with good market access. This idea, although quite plausible, has rarely been tested empirically. In this paper, we develop a new approach to measuring trends in poverty and apply it to Tanzania in order to explore the distributional aspects of economic growth and the relationship between rural poverty and market access. We find that, between 1991 and 2003, a period of extensive economic reforms, the overall rate of poverty fell about 9 percentage points. The degree of poverty reduction was similar between rural and urban areas, though poverty appears not to have declined in Dar es Salaam. The poverty rate fell more among households with a less educated head of household than among those with a more educated head. The gains were greater among male-headed households than female-headed households. We find that rural poverty is associated with remoteness, but the relationship is surprisingly weak and it varies depending on the definition used. Rural poverty is more closely related to access to regional urban centers than distance to roads or to Dar es Salaam. We find little evidence that remote rural areas are being “left behind” in terms of the absolute decline in the poverty rate.