cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Kinematical coincidence method in transfer reactions
Creators: name: Acosta, L.
name: Amorini, F.
name: Auditore, L.
name: Berceanu, I.
name: Cardella, G.
name: Chatterjiee, M. B.
name: De Filippo, E.
name: FrancalanzA, L.
name: Gianì, R.
name: Grassi, L.
name: Grzeszczuk, A.
name: La Guidara, E.
name: Lanzalone, G.
name: Lombardo, I.
name: Loria, D.
name: Minniti, T.
name: Pagano, E. V.
name: Papa, M.
name: Pirrone, S.
name: Politi, G.
name: Pop, A.
name: Porto, F.
name: Rizzo, F.
name: Rosato, E.
name: Russotto, P.
name: Santoro, S.
name: Trifirò, A.
name: Trimarchi, M.
name: Verde, G.
name: Vigilante, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method to extract high resolution angular distributions from kinematical coincidence measurements in binary reactions is presented. Kinematic is used to extract the center of mass angular distribution from the measured energy spectrum of light particles. Results obtained in the case of 10Be+p-->9Be+d reaction measured with the CHIMERA detector are shown. An angular resolution of few degrees in the center of mass is obtained.
description: 6 Page 10 Figures submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods A
title: The End of Landscape: Holes by Graham Allen
Creators: name: Karhio, Anne
Publisher: name: Electronic Book Review
Year: 2017

description: In her discussion of the textual, technical, and figurative characteristics of Graham Allen’s Holes (2017), Karhio “argues that [Allen's text] is not a landscape poem in the customary sense” and explores the ways in which the digital platforms deployed in the project’s creation and publication contribute to the signifying structures that “challenge the idea of landscape as symbolic representation of the inner world of the speaking subject.”
Polar ring galaxies as tests of gravity
Creators: name: Lüghausen, F.
name: Famaey, B.
name: Kroupa, P.
name: Angus, G.
name: Combes, F.
name: Gentile, G.
name: Tiret, O.
name: Zhao, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polar ring galaxies are ideal objects with which to study the three-dimensional shapes of galactic gravitational potentials since two rotation curves can be measured in two perpendicular planes. Observational studies have uncovered systematically larger rotation velocities in the extended polar rings than in the associated host galaxies. In the dark matter context, this can only be explained through dark halos that are systematically flattened along the polar rings. Here, we point out that these objects can also be used as very effective tests of gravity theories, such as those based on Milgromian dynamics (MOND). We run a set of polar ring models using both Milgromian and Newtonian dynamics to predict the expected shapes of the rotation curves in both planes, varying the total mass of the system, the mass of the ring with respect to the host, as well as the size of the hole at the center of the ring. We find that Milgromian dynamics not only naturally leads to rotation velocities being typically higher in the extended polar rings than in the hosts, as would be the case in Newtonian dynamics without dark matter, but that it also gets the shape and amplitude of velocities correct. Milgromian dynamics thus adequately explains this particular property of polar ring galaxies.
description: 9 pages, 8 Figures, 1 Table, Accepted for publication by MNRAS
Photoisomerisierung von trans-l-(3.5-Di-JerJ-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenyldiazen
Creators: name: Hofer, Edgar
Publisher: name: Berlin : De Gruyter
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Light Induced Isomerizations
subject: Tautomeric Diaryldiazenes
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Light induced isomerizations of the title compound have been studied. The thermal cis-trans isomerization 3→1 occurs via the tautomeric quinonephenylhydrazone (2) as shown by 1H NMR, spectroscopy. The influence of solvent on the thermal cis-trans isomerization is discussed. 1H NMR data of 1, 2 and 3 are given. Values of the tautomeric equilibrium 1⇋2 are determined for various solvents and different temperatures.
Viscous Cold Dark Matter in agreement with observations
Creators: name: Velten, Hermano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss bulk viscous cosmological models. Since the bulk viscous pressure is negative, viable viscous cosmological scenarios with late time accelerated expansion can in principle be constructed. After discussing some alternative models based on bulk viscous effects we will focus on a model very similar to the standard $Λ$CDM. We argue that a $Λ${\rm v}CDM model, where we assign a very small (albeit perceptible) bulk viscosity to dark matter is in agreement with available cosmological observations. Hence, we work with the concept of viscous Cold Dark Matter ({\rm v}CDM). At the level of the perturbations, the growth of {\rm v}CDM structures is slightly suppressed when compared with the standard CDM ones. Having in mind that the small scale problems of the $Λ$CDM model are related to an excess of clustering, our proposal seems to indicate a possible direction for solving the serious drawbacks of the CDM paradigm within the standard cosmological model.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, to the proceedings of "49th Winter School of Theoretical Physics Cosmology and non-equilibrium statistical mechanics", L{\ka}dek-Zdr\'oj, Poland, February 10-16, 2013
Detection of invasive species in Wetlands: Practical dl with heavily imbalanced data
Creators: name: Cabezas, Mariano
name: Kentsch, Sarah
name: Tomhave, Luca
name: Gross, Jens
name: Caceres, Maximo Larry Lopez
name: Diez, Yago
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Antennas
subject: Deep learning
subject: Network layers
subject: Transfer learning
subject: Wetlands
subject: Classification accuracy
subject: Data augmentation
subject: Ecosystem protection
subject: Environmental problems
subject: Imbalanced data
subject: Invasive species
subject: State of the art
subject: True positive rates
subject: Network architecture
subject: Data analysis
subject: Unbalanced data
subject: Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)-acquired images
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Deep Learning (DL) has become popular due to its ease of use and accuracy, with Transfer Learning (TL) effectively reducing the number of images needed to solve environmental problems. However, this approach has some limitations which we set out to explore: Our goal is to detect the presence of an invasive blueberry species in aerial images of wetlands. This is a key problem in ecosystem protection which is also challenging in terms of DL due to the severe imbalance present in the data. Results for the ResNet50 network show a high classification accuracy while largely ignoring the blueberry class, rendering these results of limited practical interest to detect that specific class. Moreover, by using loss function weighting and data augmentation results more akin to our practical application, our goals can be obtained. Our experiments regarding TL show that ImageNet weights do not produce satisfactory results when only the final layer of the network is trained. Furthermore, only minor gains are obtained compared with random weights when the whole network is retrained. Finally, in a study of state-of-the-art DL architectures best results were obtained by the ResNeXt architecture with 93.75 True Positive Rate and 98.11 accuracy for the Blueberry class with ResNet50, Densenet, and wideResNet obtaining close results. ¬© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Structural Basis for Regulation of the Opposing (p)ppGpp Synthetase and Hydrolase within the Stringent Response Orchestrator Rel
Creators: name: Pausch, Patrick
name: Abdelshahid, Maha
name: Steinchen, Wieland
name: Schäfer, Heinrich
name: Gratani, Fabio Lino
name: Freibert, Sven-Andreas.
name: Wolz, Christiane
name: Turgay, Kürşad
name: Wilson, Daniel N.
name: Bange, Gert
Publisher: name: New York, NY : Elsevier
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: (p)ppGpp synthetase
subject: glutamic acid
subject: guanosine triphosphatase
subject: homodimer
subject: hydrolase
subject: synthetase
subject: transcription factor Rel
subject: transfer RNA
subject: unclassified drug
subject: amino terminal sequence
subject: Bacillus subtilis
subject: binding site
subject: carboxy terminal sequence
subject: chemical reaction
subject: complex formation
subject: controlled study
subject: crystal structure
subject: deacylation
subject: enzyme activation
subject: enzyme activity
subject: enzyme structure
subject: enzyme synthesis
subject: Escherichia coli
subject: high performance liquid chromatography
subject: homodimerization
subject: in vitro study
subject: in vivo study
subject: molecular weight
subject: mutation
subject: nonhuman
subject: priority journal
subject: protein binding
subject: protein conformation
subject: protein interaction
subject: Streptococcus dysgalactiae
subject: stress
subject: stringent response
subject: Western blotting
subject: (p)ppGpp
subject: alarmone
subject: cryo-EM
subject: enzymatic regulation
subject: RSH-type enzyme
subject: X-ray crystallography
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: The stringent response enables metabolic adaptation of bacteria under stress conditions and is governed by RelA/SpoT Homolog (RSH)-type enzymes. Long RSH-type enzymes encompass an N-terminal domain (NTD) harboring the second messenger nucleotide (p)ppGpp hydrolase and synthetase activity and a stress-perceiving and regulatory C-terminal domain (CTD). CTD-mediated binding of Rel to stalled ribosomes boosts (p)ppGpp synthesis. However, how the opposing activities of the NTD are controlled in the absence of stress was poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate on the RSH-type protein Rel that the critical regulative elements reside within the TGS (ThrRS, GTPase, and SpoT) subdomain of the CTD, which associates to and represses the synthetase to concomitantly allow for activation of the hydrolase. Furthermore, we show that Rel forms homodimers, which appear to control the interaction with deacylated-tRNA, but not the enzymatic activity of Rel. Collectively, our study provides a detailed molecular view into the mechanism of stringent response repression in the absence of stress.
Automated Analysis of Slow Crack Growth in Hydrous Soda-Lime Silicate Glasses
Creators: name: Kiefer, Philipe
name: Maiwald, Martin
name: Deubener, Joachim
name: Balzer, Robert
name: Behrens, Harald
name: Waurischk, Tina
name: Reinsch, Stefan
name: Müller, Ralf
Publisher: name: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: automated analysis
subject: hydrous glass
subject: indentation fracture toughness
subject: slow crack growth
subject: Vickers indentation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: To explore the impact of ambient and structural water on static fatigue, the initiation and growth of 3279 Vickers induced median radial cracks were automatically recorded and analyzed. We find that humidity is more efficient in initiating cracks and promoting their growth than water, which is dissolved in the glass structure. In particular for slow crack growth (< 3 × 10–6 m s–1), tests in dry nitrogen showed a considerable decrease in the crack growth exponent with increasing water content of the glasses. On the other hand, if tests were performed in humid air, the crack growth exponent was independent of the water content of the hydrous glasses, while stress intensity decreased slightly. These observations indicate that water promotes the processes at the crack-tip regardless of its origin. However, ambient water is more efficient.
A Spectral Atlas of HII Galaxies in the Near-Infrared
Creators: name: Martins, Lucimara P.
name: Rodríguez-Ardila, Alberto
name: Diniz, Suzi
name: Gruenwald, Ruth
name: de Souza, Ronaldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent models show that TP-AGB stars should dominate the NIR spectra of populations 0.3 to 2 Gyr old, leaving unique signatures that can be used to detect young/intermediate stellar population in galaxies. However, no homogeneous database of star-forming galaxies is available in the NIR to fully explore these results. With this in mind, we study the NIR spectra of a sample of 23 HII and starburst galaxies, aimed at characterizing the most prominent spectral features and continuum shape in the 0.8-2.4 micron region of these objects. Spectral indices are derived for the relevant absorption lines/bands and a comparison with optical indices of the same sample available in the literature is made. We found no correlation between the optical and the NIR indexes. This is probably due to the differences in aperture between these two sets of data. That result is further supported by the absence or weakness of emission lines in the NIR for a subsample galaxies, while in the optical the emission lines are strong and clear, which means that the ionisation source in many of these galaxies is not nuclear, but circumnuclear or located in hot spots. We detected important signatures predicted for a stellar population dominated by the TP-AGBs, like CN 1.1 micron and CO 2.3 micron. In at least one galaxy (NGC 4102) the CN band at 1.4 micron was detected for the first time. We also detect TiO and ZrO bands that have never been reported before in extragalactic sources. The shape of the continuum emission is found to be strongly correlated to the presence/lack of emission lines. An observational template for the star-forming galaxies is derived to be used as a benchmark of stellar population(s) in starburst galaxies against which to compare near-IR spectroscopy of different types of galaxies, especially those with AGN activity and/or those at high-redshift.
description: 21 pages (main) + 28 pages (appendix), 6 figures + 28 figures (appendix), accepted by MNRAS
Constraints on the topology of the Universe derived from the 7-year WMAP CMB data and prospects of constraining the topology using CMB polarisation maps
Creators: name: Bielewicz, P.
name: Banday, A. J.
name: Gorski, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We impose constraints on the topology of the Universe determined from a search for matched circles in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropy patterns of the 7-year WMAP data. We pay special attention to the sensitivity of the method to residual foreground contamination of the sky maps. A search for pairs of matched back-to-back circles in the higher resolution WMAP W-band map allows tighter constraints to be imposed on topology. Our results rule out universes with topologies that predict pairs of such circles with radii larger than approximately 10 degrees. This places a lower bound on the size of the fundamental domain for a flat universe of about 27.9 Gpc. We study also the possibility for constraining the topology of the Universe by means of the matched circles statistic applied to polarised CMB anisotropy maps. The advantages of using the CMB polarisation maps in studies of the topology over simply analysing the temperature data as has been done to-date are clearly demonstrated. It is found that the noise levels of both Planck and next generation CMB experiments data are no longer prohibitive and should be low enough to enable the use of the polarisation maps for such studies.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, published in Proceedings of the XLVIIth Rencontres de Moriond, La Thuile, Italy, March 2012, eds. E. Auge, J. Dumarchez and J. Tran Thanh Van, p.91
Comparative study of magnetic and magnetotransport properties of Sm0.55Sr0.45MnO3 thin films grown on different substrates
Creators: name: Srivastava, Manoj K.
name: Singh, Sandeep
name: Siwach, P. K.
name: Kaur, Amarjeet
name: Awana, V. P. S.
name: Maurya, K. K.
name: Singh, H. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Highly oriented polycrystalline SSMO thin films deposited on single crystal substrates by ultrasonic nebulized spray pyrolysis have been studied. The film on LAO is under compressive strain while LSAT and STO are under tensile strain. The presence of a metamagnetic state akin to cluster glass formed due to coexisting FM and antiferromagnetic/charge order (AFM/CO) clusters. All the films show colossal magnetoresistance but its temperature and magnetic field dependence are drastically different. In the lower temperature region the magnetic field dependent isothermal resistivity also shows signature of metamagnetic transitions. The observed results have been explained in terms of the variation of the relative fractions of the coexisting FM and AFM/CO phases as a function of the substrate induced strain and oxygen vacancy induced quenched disorder.
description: 21 pages
Arctous alpina
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: A. alpina X obtusifolia Cat. 300. 3: Grande Chermontane (Bernoulli); Col de Torrent (Beauverd); Riffelberg (Guthnick) und Gornergrat (P.) bei Zermatt; Simplon (Wolf). - 4: Passhöhe des Albrun (Becherer).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Core-coupled states and split proton-neutron quasi-particle multiplets in 122-126Ag
Creators: name: Lalkovski, S.
name: Bruce, A. M.
name: Jungclaus, A.
name: Gorska, M.
name: Pfutzner, M.
name: Caceres, L.
name: Naqvi, F.
name: Pietri, S.
name: Podolyak, Zs.
name: Simpson, G. S.
name: Andgren, K.
name: Bednarczyk, P.
name: Beck, T.
name: Benlliure, J.
name: Benzoni, G.
name: Casarejos, E.
name: Cederwall, B.
name: Crespi, F. C. L.
name: Cuenca-Garcia, J. J.
name: Cullen, I. J.
name: Bacelar, A. M. Denis
name: Detistov, P.
name: Doornenbal, P.
name: Farrelly, G. F.
name: Garnsworthy, A. B.
name: Geissel, H.
name: Gelletly, W.
name: Gerl, J.
name: Grebosz, J.
name: Hadinia, B.
name: Hellstrom, M.
name: Hinke, C.
name: Hoischen, R.
name: Ilie, G.
name: Jaworski, G.
name: Jolie, J.
name: Khaplanov, A.
name: Kisyov, S.
name: Kmiecik, M.
name: Kojouharov, I.
name: Kumar, R.
name: Kurz, N.
name: Maj, A.
name: Mandal, S.
name: Modamio, V.
name: Montes, F.
name: Myalski, S.
name: Palacz, M.
name: Prokopowicz, W.
name: Reiter, P.
name: Regan, P. H.
name: Rudolph, D.
name: Schaffner, H.
name: Sohler, D.
name: Steer, S. J.
name: Tashenov, S.
name: Walker, J.
name: Walker, P. M.
name: Weick, H.
name: Werner-Malento, E.
name: Wieland, O.
name: Wollersheim, H. J.
name: Zhekova, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron-rich silver isotopes were populated in the fragmentation of a 136Xe beam and the relativistic fission of 238U. The fragments were mass analyzed with the GSI Fragment separator and subsequently implanted into a passive stopper. Isomeric transitions were detected by 105 HPGe detectors. Eight isomeric states were observed in 122-126Ag nuclei. The level schemes of 122,123,125Ag were revised and extended with isomeric transitions being observed for the first time. The excited states in the odd-mass silver isotopes are interpreted as core-coupled states. The isomeric states in the even-mass silver isotopes are discussed in the framework of the proton-neutron split multiplets. The results of shell-model calculations, performed for the most neutron-rich silver nuclei are compared to the experimental data.
Seismological and Geophysical Signatures of the Deep Crustal Magma Systems of the Cenozoic Volcanic Fields Beneath the Eifel, Germany
Creators: name: Dahm, Torsten
name: Stiller, Manfred
name: Mechie, James
name: Heimann, Sebastian
name: Hensch, Martin
name: Woith, Heiko
name: Schmidt, Bernd
name: Gabriel, Gerald
name: Weber, Michael
Publisher: name: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earthquakes
subject: Lithospheric structure
subject: Low velocities
subject: Low-frequency
subject: Magma reservoirs
subject: Magmatic activity
subject: Seismic evidence
subject: Volcanic centers
subject: Volcanic field
subject: Volcanoes
subject: Cenozoic
subject: earthquake
subject: low velocity zone
subject: lower crust
subject: magma chamber
subject: seismology
subject: upper mantle
subject: volcanic earthquake
subject: volcanic eruption
subject: Eifel
subject: Germany
subject: Rhineland-Palatinate
subject: crustal magma chamber
subject: deep low-frequency earthquakes
subject: distributed volcanic fields
subject: magma reservoirs
subject: reflection seismic
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: The Quaternary volcanic fields of the Eifel (Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany) had their last eruptions less than 13,000 years ago. Recently, deep low-frequency (DLF) earthquakes were detected beneath one of the volcanic fields showing evidence of ongoing magmatic activity in the lower crust and upper mantle. In this work, seismic wide- and steep-angle experiments from 1978/1979 and 1987/1988 are compiled, partially reprocessed and interpreted, together with other data to better determine the location, size, shape, and state of magmatic reservoirs in the Eifel region near the crust-mantle boundary. We discuss seismic evidence for a low-velocity gradient layer from 30–36 km depth, which has developed over a large region under all Quaternary volcanic fields of the Rhenish Massif and can be explained by the presence of partial melts. We show that the DLF earthquakes connect the postulated upper mantle reservoir with the upper crust at a depth of about 8 km, directly below one of the youngest phonolitic volcanic centers in the Eifel, where CO2 originating from the mantle is massively outgassing. A bright spot in the West Eifel between 6 and 10 km depth represents a Tertiary magma reservoir and is seen as a model for a differentiated reservoir beneath the young phonolitic center today. We find that the distribution of volcanic fields is controlled by the Variscan lithospheric structures and terrane boundaries as a whole, which is reflected by an offset of the Moho depth, a wedge-shaped transparent zone in the lower crust and the system of thrusts over about 120 km length.
How realistic are solar model atmospheres?
Creators: name: Pereira, Tiago M. D.
name: Asplund, Martin
name: Collet, Remo
name: Thaler, Irina
name: Trampedach, Regner
name: Leenaarts, Jorrit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, new solar model atmospheres have been developed to replace classical 1D LTE hydrostatic models and used to for example derive the solar chemical composition. We aim to test various models against key observational constraints. In particular, a 3D model used to derive the solar abundances, a 3D MHD model (with an imposed 10 mT vertical magnetic field), 1D models from the PHOENIX project, the 1D MARCS model, and the 1D semi-empirical model of Holweger & Müller. We confront the models with observational diagnostics of the temperature profile: continuum centre-to-limb variations (CLV), absolute continuum fluxes, and the wings of hydrogen lines. We also test the 3D models for the intensity distribution of the granulation and spectral line shapes. The predictions from the 3D model are in excellent agreement with the continuum CLV observations, performing even better than the Holweger & Müller model (constructed largely to fulfil such observations). The predictions of the 1D theoretical models are worse, given their steeper temperature gradients. For the continuum fluxes, predictions for most models agree well with the observations. No model fits all hydrogen lines perfectly, but again the 3D model comes ahead. The 3D model also reproduces the observed continuum intensity fluctuations and spectral line shapes very well. The excellent agreement of the 3D model with the observables reinforces the view that its temperature structure is realistic. It outperforms the MHD simulation in all diagnostics, implying that recent claims for revised abundances based on MHD modelling are premature. Several weaknesses in the 1D models are exposed. The differences between the PHOENIX LTE and NLTE models are small. We conclude that the 3D hydrodynamical model is superior to any of the tested 1D models, which gives further confidence in the solar abundance analyses based on it.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Biosynthesis of oxygenated brasilane terpene glycosides involves a promiscuous N-acetylglucosamine transferase
Creators: name: Feng, Jin
name: Surup, Frank
name: Hauser, Maurice
name: Miller, Anna
name: Wennrich, Jan-Peer
name: Stadler, Marc
name: Cox, Russel J.
name: Kuhnert, Eric
Publisher: name: London : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Annulohypoxylon truncatum
subject: biosynthetic gene cluster
subject: Aspergillus oryzae
subject: monooxygenase
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Investigation of the metabolome of the ascomycete Annulohypoxylon truncatum led to the identification of novel oxygenated brasilane glycosides and the revision of the stereochemistry of the brasilane A octahydro-1H-indene core scaffold to trans. The bra biosynthetic gene cluster containing five genes (braA–braE) was identified and verified by heterologous expression experiments in Aspergillus oryzae demonstrating that BraC is a multifunctional P450 monooxygenase. In vitro studies of BraB revealed it to be a very rare fungal UDP-GlcNAc dependent N-acetylglucosamine transferase. UDP-glucose is also accepted as a donor, and a broad acceptor substrate tolerance for various primary and secondary alcohols was observed.
Structural and dielectric properties of glasses in the system TeO2-CaCu3Ti4O12
Creators: name: Thomas, P.
name: Varma, K. B. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The glasses in the system (100-x)TeO2-xCaCu3Ti4O12, (x=0.25 to 3 mol %) were fabricated. The color varied from olive green to brown as the CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) content increased in TeO2 matrix. The X-ray powder diffraction and differential scanning calorimetric analyses that were carried out on the as-quenched samples confirmed their amorphous and glassy nature respectively. The dielectric constant and loss in the 100 Hz-1MHz frequency range were monitored as a function of temperature (50-400oC). The dielectric constant and the loss (D) increased as the CCTO content increased in TeO2 at all the frequencies and temperatures under investigation. Further, the effective dielectric constant and D were found to be frequency independent in the 50-200oC temperature range. The value obtained for the loss at 1MHz was 0.0019 which was typical of low loss materials, and exhibited near constant loss (NCL) in the 100Hz-1MHz frequency range. The electrical relaxation was rationalized using the electric modulus formalism. These glasses may be of considerable interest as substrates for high frequency circuit elements in conventional semiconductor industries owing to their high thermal stability.
Pattern selection and multiscale behavior in metrically discontinuous non-Euclidean plates
Creators: name: Moshe, Michael
name: Sharon, Eran
name: Kupferman, Raz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study equilibrium configurations of non-Euclidean plates, in which the reference metric is uniaxially periodic. This work is motivated by recent experiments on thin sheets of composite thermally responsive gels [1]. Such sheets bend perpendicularly to the periodic axis in order to alleviate the metric discrepancy. For abruptly varying metrics, we identify multiple scaling regimes with different power law dependences of the elastic energy $\En$ and the axial curvature $κ$ on the sheet's thickness $h$. In the $h\to0$ limit the equilibrium configuration tends to an isometric embedding of the reference metric, and $\En\sim h^2$. Two intermediate asymptotic regimes emerge in between the buckling threshold and the $h\to0$ limit, in which the energy scales either like $h^{4/5}$ or like $h^{2/3}$. We believe that this system exemplifies a much more general phenomenon, in which the thickness of the sheet induces a cutoff length scale below which finer structures of the metric cannot be observed. When the reference metric consists of several separated length scales, a decrease of the sheet's thickness results in a sequence of conformational changes, as finer properties of the reference metric are revealed.
description: 6 figures
Towards a standardization of soil-related ecosystem service assessments
Creators: name: Paul, Carsten
name: Kuhn, Kristin
name: Steinhoff-Knopp, Bastian
name: Weißhuhn, Peter
name: Helming, Katharina
Publisher: name: Oxford [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: agriculture
subject: arable
subject: CICES
subject: impact area
subject: impact assessment
subject: soil functions
subject: soil management
subject: soil properties
subject: standardization
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::640 | Hauswirtschaft und Familienleben
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: The concept of ecosystem services (ES) creates understanding of the value of ecosystems for human well-being. With regard to soils, it provides a framework for assessments of soil contributions and soil management impacts. However, a lack of standardization impedes comparisons between assessment studies and the building of synthesis information. The Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES) is an important step forward, although its application to soils is not without difficulty. CICES version 5.1 defines 83 ES classes, of which only some are relevant for soils. We compiled two subsets of CICES classes: one set of soil-related ES comprising 29 services defined as directly and quantifiably controlled by soils and their properties, processes and functions, and another set of 40 ES defined as being affected by agricultural soil management. Additionally, we conducted a systematic literature review, searching for published lists of soil-related ES that claim completeness. We identified 11 relevant lists. Of all CICES classes, 12 were included in more than 75% of the lists, whereas another 36 classes were included in 25–75% of them. Regarding the suitability of the CICES classification for addressing ES in the context of soils and their agricultural management, we identified constraints, such as overlaps, gaps, and highly specific or very broad class definitions. Close cooperation between the soil research and ES communities could ensure better consideration of soils in future CICES updates. A shortlist of 25 service classes affected by agricultural soil management facilitates a standardized approach and may function as checklists in impact assessments.
Real-time observation of fluctuations at the driven-dissipative Dicke phase transition
Creators: name: Brennecke, Ferdinand
name: Mottl, Rafael
name: Baumann, Kristian
name: Landig, Renate
name: Donner, Tobias
name: Esslinger, Tilman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally study the influence of dissipation on the driven Dicke quantum phase transition, realized by coupling external degrees of freedom of a Bose-Einstein condensate to the light field of a high-finesse optical cavity. The cavity provides a natural dissipation channel, which gives rise to vacuum-induced fluctuations and allows us to observe density fluctuations of the gas in real-time. We monitor the divergence of these fluctuations over two orders of magnitude while approaching the phase transition and observe a behavior which significantly deviates from that expected for a closed system. A correlation analysis of the fluctuations reveals the diverging time scale of the atomic dynamics and allows us to extract a damping rate for the external degree of freedom of the atoms. We find good agreement with our theoretical model including both dissipation via the cavity field and via the atomic field. Utilizing a dissipation channel to non-destructively gain information about a quantum many-body system provides a unique path to study the physics of driven-dissipative systems.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, including supplementary information
Arctous alpina X Vandellii
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: A. alpina X Vandellii Angegeben aus dem Turtmanntal (Beauverd) und mit Vorbehalt aus dem Binntal (Binz). In bei- den Fällen handelt es sich um A. alpina (vgl. Becherer Lit. 1941a, S. 332). Bastard daher zu streichen.
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Intake of Calanus finmarchicus oil for 12 weeks improves omega-3 index in healthy older subjects engaging in an exercise programme
Creators: name: Wasserfurth, Paulina
name: Nebl, Josefine
name: Boßlau, Tim Konstantin
name: Krüger, Karsten
name: Hahn, Andreas
name: Schuchardt, Jan Philipp
Publisher: name: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: DHA
subject: EPA
subject: marine oil
subject: polyunsaturated fatty acids
subject: wax ester
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: The n-3 PUFA, EPA and DHA, play an important role in human health. As the intake of EPA and DHA from the diet is often inadequate, supplementation of those fatty acids is recommended. A novel source of n-3 PUFA is Calanus finmarchicus oil (CO) which contains fatty acids mainly bound in wax esters. To date, no data are available on the effects of long-term intake of this marine oil on n-3 PUFA blood levels. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of CO on the n-3 PUFA blood levels using the omega-3 index (O3I). The data originate from a larger randomised controlled trial. For this analysis, samples from seventy-two participants (59·2 (sd 6·2) years, BMI 27·7 (sd 5·28) kg/m2) were analysed. Of those, thirty-six performed 2×/week exercise and received 2 g of CO, which provided 124 mg stearidonic acid (SDA), 109 mg EPA and 87 mg DHA daily (EXCO group), while the other group performed exercise only (EX group) and served as a control for this analysis. The O3I increased from 6·07 (sd 1·29) % at baseline to 7·37 (sd 1·10) % after 12 weeks within the EXCO group (P < 0·001), while there were no significant changes in the EX group (6·01 (sd 1·26)–6·15 (sd 1·32) %, P = 0·238). These data provide first evidence that wax ester-bound n-3 PUFA from CO can significantly increase the O3I despite relatively low EPA + DHA amounts. Further, the effects of exercise could be excluded.
Interstellar H$_2$O Masers from J Shocks
Creators: name: Hollenbach, David
name: Elitzur, Moshe
name: McKee, Christopher F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model in which the 22 GHz H$_2$O masers observed in star-forming regions occur behind shocks propagating in dense regions (preshock density $n_0 \sim 10^6 - 10^8$ cm$^{-3}$). We focus on high-velocity ($v_s > 30$ km s$^{-1}$) dissociative J shocks in which the heat of H$_2$ re-formation maintains a large column of $\sim 300-400$ K gas; at these temperatures the chemistry drives a considerable fraction of the oxygen not in CO to form H$_2$O. The H$_2$O column densities, the hydrogen densities, and the warm temperatures produced by these shocks are sufficiently high to enable powerful maser action. The observed brightness temperatures (generally $\sim 10^{11} - 10^{14}$ K) are the result of coherent velocity regions that have dimensions in the shock plane that are 10 to 100 times the shock thickness of $\sim 10^{13}$ cm. The masers are therefore beamed towards the observer, who typically views the shock "edge-on", or perpendicular to the shock velocity; the brightest masers are then observed with the lowest line of sight velocities with respect to the ambient gas. We present numerical and analytic studies of the dependence of the maser inversion, the resultant brightness temperature, the maser spot size and shape, the isotropic luminosity, and the maser region magnetic field on the shock parameters and the coherence path length; the overall result is that in galactic H$_2$O 22 GHz masers these observed parameters can be produced in J shocks with $n_0\sim 10^6 - 10^8$ cm$^{-3}$ and $v_s \sim 30 -200$ km s$^{-1}$. A number of key observables such as maser shape, brightness temperature, and global isotropic luminosity depend only on the particle flux into the shock, $j=n_0v_s$, rather than on $n_0$ and $v_s$ separately.
Schedulability Analysis of Distributed Real-Time Applications under Dependence and Several Latency Constraints
Creators: name: Kermia, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Operating Systems (cs.OS)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper focuses on the analysis of real-time non preemptive multiprocessor scheduling with precedence and several latency constraints. It aims to specify a schedulability condition which enables a designer to check a priori -without executing or simulating- if its scheduling of tasks will hold the precedences between tasks as well as several latency constraints imposed on determined pairs of tasks. It is shown that the required analysis is closely linked to the topological structure of the application graph. More precisely, it depends on the configuration of tasks paths subject to latency constraints. As a result of the study, a sufficient schedulability condition is introduced for precedences and latency constraints in the hardest configuration in term of complexity with an optimal number of processors in term of applications parallelism. In addition, the proposed conditions provides a practical lower bounds for general cases. Performances results and comparisons with an optimal approach demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, Published with International Journal of Computer Applications (IJCA)
Quantitative trait loci associated to agronomic traits and yield components in a Sorghum bicolor L. Moench RIL population cultivated under pre-flowering drought and well-watered conditions
Creators: name: Phuong, N.
name: Stützel, H.
name: Uptmoor, R.
Publisher: name: Delaware : Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Grain Sorghum
subject: Pre-Flowering
subject: Drought Stress
subject: Agronomic Traits and Yield Components
subject: Quantitative Trait Loci
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::580 | Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: The present study aims to identify QTL influencing agronomic traits and yield components under well-watered and pre-flowering drought stress conditions. One hundred F5 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) and the parental lines of a cross between a drought-tolerant and a susceptible line in a field experiment were carried out at Nong Lam University of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Drought stress was induced by withholding irrigation water from the plants at four weeks after sowing to flowering. Leaf area of the third leaf, stem diameter, plant height, days to heading, anthesis and maturity, panicle length, number of seeds per plant, hundred kernel weight and grain yield were measured. Plants were genotyped with 117 Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) and eight expressed sequence tag (EST)-derived simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Composite interval mapping was carried out on the traits and significant QTL were claimed at a logarithm of the odds (LOD) score >2.5. A total of 50 QTL were detected on nine chromosomes or 13 linkage groups, respectively. Six promising QTL regions with seven QTL for yield and agronomic traits especially related to pre-flowering drought tolerance were identified on chromosomes SBI-01, SBI-03, SBI-04, SBI-05 and SBI-07.
A super-Earth-sized planet orbiting in or near the habitable zone around Sun-like star
Creators: name: Barclay, Thomas
name: Burke, Christopher J.
name: Howell, Steve B.
name: Rowe, Jason F.
name: Huber, Daniel
name: Isaacson, Howard
name: Jenkins, Jon M.
name: Kolbl, Rea
name: Marcy, Geoffrey W.
name: Quintana, Elisa V.
name: Still, Martin
name: Twicken, Joseph D.
name: Bryson, Stephen T.
name: Borucki, William J.
name: Caldwell, Douglas A.
name: Ciardi, David
name: Clarke, Bruce D.
name: Christiansen, Jessie L
name: Coughlin, Jeffrey L.
name: Fischer, Debra A.
name: Li, Jie
name: Haas, Michael R.
name: Hunter, Roger
name: Lissauer, Jack J.
name: Mullally, Fergal
name: Sabale, Anima
name: Seader, Shawn E.
name: Smith, Jeffrey C.
name: Tenenbaum, Peter
name: Uddin, AKM Kamal
name: Thompson, Susan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of a super-earth-sized planet in or near the habitable zone of a sun-like star. The host is Kepler-69, a 13.7 mag G4V-type star. We detect two periodic sets of transit signals in the three-year flux time series of Kepler-69, obtained with the Kepler spacecraft. Using the very high precision Kepler photometry, and follow-up observations, our confidence that these signals represent planetary transits is >99.1%. The inner planet, Kepler-69b, has a radius of 2.24+/-0.4 Rearth and orbits the host star every 13.7 days. The outer planet, Kepler-69c, is a super-Earth-size object with a radius of 1.7+/-0.3 Rearth and an orbital period of 242.5 days. Assuming an Earth-like Bond albedo, Kepler-69c has an equilibrium temperature of 299 +/- 19 K, which places the planet close to the habitable zone around the host star. This is the smallest planet found by Kepler to be orbiting in or near habitable zone of a Sun-like star and represents an important step on the path to finding the first true Earth analog.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Enhancing the W State Quantum Network Fusion Process with A Single Fredkin Gate
Creators: name: Bugu, Sinan
name: Yesilyurt, Can
name: Ozaydin, Fatih
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integrating a single Fredkin (controlled swap) gate to the previously introduced W state fusion mechanism (Ozdemir et al, N. J. Phys. 13, 103003, 2011) and using an ancillary photon, we increase the size of the fused W states and essentially, we improve the success probability of the fusion process in a promising way for a possible deterministic W state fusion mechanism. Besides fusing arbitrary size W states, our setup can also fuse Bell states to create W states with a success probability 3/4 which is much higher than the previous works. Therefore using only this setup, it is now possible to start with Bell pairs to create and expand arbitrary size W states. Since higher probability of success implies a lower cost of resource in terms of the number of the states spent to achieve a target size, our setup gives rise to more cost-efficient scenarios.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review A. 4 pages, 4 figures
Global axis shape of magnetic clouds deduced from the distribution of their local axis orientation
Creators: name: Janvier, Miho
name: Demoulin, Pascal
name: Dasso, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are routinely tracked with imagers in the interplanetary space while magnetic clouds (MCs) properties are measured locally by spacecraft. However, both imager and insitu data do not provide direct estimation on the global flux rope properties. The main aim of this study is to constrain the global shape of the flux rope axis from local measurements, and to compare the results from in-situ data with imager observations. We perform a statistical analysis of the set of MCs observed by WIND spacecraft over 15 years in the vicinity of Earth. With the hypothesis of having a sample of MCs with a uniform distribution of spacecraft crossing along their axis, we show that a mean axis shape can be derived from the distribution of the axis orientation. In complement, while heliospheric imagers do not typically observe MCs but only their sheath region, we analyze one event where the flux-rope axis can be estimated from the STEREO imagers. From the analysis of a set of theoretical models, we show that the distribution of the local axis orientation is strongly affected by the global axis shape. Next, we derive the mean axis shape from the integration of the observed orientation distribution. This shape is robust as it is mostly determined from the global shape of the distribution. Moreover, we find no dependence on the flux-rope inclination on the ecliptic. Finally, the derived shape is fully consistent with the one derived from heliospheric imager observations of the June 2008 event. We have derived a mean shape of MC axis which only depends on one free parameter, the angular separation of the legs (as viewed from the Sun). This mean shape can be used in various contexts such as the study of high energy particles or space weather forecast.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures
Exposure of Common Bean Seeds to Liquid Nitrogen Modifies Mineral Composition of Young Plantlet Leaves
Creators: name: Cejas, Inaudis
name: Rumlow, Annekathrin
name: Turcios, Ariel E.
name: Engelmann, Florent
name: Edel Martinez, Marcos
name: Yabor, Lourdes
name: Papenbrock, Jutta
name: Lorenzo, José Carlos
Publisher: name: Delaware : Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Common Bean
subject: Cryopreservation
subject: Cryostorage
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Many publications describe cryopreservation techniques but only a few studies have focused on the biochemical and physiological changes occurring in plants regenerated from seeds exposed to liquid nitrogen. This paper aims at describing the effect of common bean seed cryostorage on mineral nutrition of young plantlets. The following elements were measured on leaves of 10-day-old plantlets from non-cryopreserved and cryopreserved seeds: Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, S, Se, Sr and Zn. At 10 days after sowing, both treatments (control and cryopreserved seeds) showed 100% seed germination without any visual phenotypic difference. However, contents of several elements in the leaves were different. Exposure of seeds to liquid nitrogen decreased Cu, Cd and Na uptake and increased absorption of B and Al. Further studies are required to understand the mechanisms underlying the relationship between seed exposure to liquid nitrogen and mineral nutrition during the early stages of plantlet growth.