cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Magma Envelopes, Enclaves and Rogue Crystals in the Atascosa Lookout Lava Flow: Magma Communication Across a Range of Crustal Levels
Creators: name: Burrill, Christine
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018

description: The Atascosa Lookout lava flow is a mid-Tertiary trachyandesite flow that caps the rhyolitic to dacitic volcanic sequence exposed in the Atascosa Mountains of southern Arizona. The flow erupted near the beginning of extension in the southern Basin and Range following the floundering of the Farallon plate and during the development of the San Andreas fault. The flow hosts a variety of disequilibrium crystals and textures including resorbed and overgrown feldspar phenocrysts with inclusion-rich zones, quartz-bearing enclaves, and clusters of plagioclase +/- chromium diopside, magnesian augite, quartz, hornblende, and orthopyroxene crystals and envelopes of contrasting composition with both the groundmass and the enclaves.
Current evidence suggests that magma generation and differentiation commonly take place mainly in the lower crust and batches of magma are emplaced and equilibrate across a range of crustal levels. Crystallization depths and temperatures of various phases in the flow were obtained with new and revised geothermometers and geobarometers to examine the petrogenesis of the lava flow. Major elements of parental melts for most of the mineral phases were estimated using thermobarometry equilibrium tests and rare earth and trace element concentrations of parental melts of hornblendes and clinopyroxenes were calculated using known partition coefficients elements.
Thermobarometry shows distinct ranges of temperatures and pressures for each component of the flow and calculated parental melts of various phases are distinct from one another. Orthopyroxenes crystallized at depths greater than 25 km, at the highest temperatures from the most mafic parent, estimated to be a picro-basalt. Clinopyroxenes crystallized at 11.5 – 30 km, lower temperatures and a more evolved parent of basalt or trachybasalt composition. Plagioclase crystallized throughout the crust from a range of intermediate melts and hornblendes crystallized 12 – 13 km from a parental melt similar in composition to the groundmass. This study demonstrates the lava flow hosts minerals that crystallized from different parent melts at various crustal levels. Extension and previous magmatism provided a rapid path for magma to ascend, subduing crustal assimilation and enhancing the probability of a diverse crystal cargo that retains the record of the plumbing system beneath a volcanic complex.
Research Advances on Marine Ecological Effect and Repairing Techniques of Coastal Mangrove Wetland
Creators: name: Li, Na
name: Chen, Pimao
name: Qiao, Peipei
name: Qin, Chuanxin
name: Li, Na
name: Chen, Pimao
name: Qiao, Peipei
name: Qin, Chuanxin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Coastal mangrove wetland
subject: Implant restoration
subject: Marine ecological effect
subject: Protection and management

description: Coastal mangrove wetland is one of the areas whose global ecological environmental conditions have severely changed. Its ecosystem is vulnerable to damaged. The international community has paid attention to conservation and wisely use of mangrove wetland. This paper describes five parts of coastal mangrove wetland at home and abroad, including seawater’s purification effect of nitrogen and phosphorus, seawater’s adsorption of heavy metals, the functions of carbon sequestration and climate regulation, implant restoration techniques and the status of protection and management .And research trends of coastal mangrove wetland were proposed, in order to provide reference for the restoration and protection of China's coastal mangrove wetland.
Characterising the Dynamo in a Radiatively Inefficient Accretion Flow
Creators: name: Dhang, Prasun
name: Bendre, Abhijit
name: Sharma, Prateek
name: Subramanian, Kandaswamy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the MRI driven dynamo in a radiatively inefficient accretion flow (RIAF) using the mean field dynamo paradigm. Using singular value decomposition (SVD) we obtain the least squares fitting dynamo coefficients $α$ and $γ$ by comparing the time series of the turbulent electromotive force and the mean magnetic field. Our study is the first one to show the poloidal distribution of these dynamo coefficients in global accretion flow simulations. Surprisingly, we obtain a high value of the turbulent pumping coefficient $γ$ which transports the mean magnetic flux radially outward. This would have implications for the launching of magnetised jets which are produced efficiently in presence a large-scale poloidal magnetic field close to the compact object. We present a scenario of a truncated disc beyond the RIAF where a large scale dynamo-generated poloidal magnetic field can aid jet-launching close to the black hole. Magnitude of all the calculated coefficients decreases with radius. Meridional variations of $α_{ϕϕ}$, responsible for toroidal to poloidal field conversion, is very similar to that found in shearing box simulations using the `test field' (TF) method. By estimating the relative importance of $α$-effect and shear, we conclude that the MRI driven large-scale dynamo, which operates at high latitudes beyond a disc scale height, is essentially of the $α-Ω$ type.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, published in MNRAS
Spin Networks and Cosmic Strings in 3+1 Dimensions
Creators: name: Shoshany, Barak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin networks, the quantum states of discrete geometry in loop quantum gravity, are directed graphs whose links are labeled by irreducible representations of SU(2), or spins. Cosmic strings are 1-dimensional topological defects carrying distributional curvature in an otherwise flat spacetime. In this paper we prove that the classical phase space of spin networks coupled to cosmic strings may obtained as a straightforward discretization of general relativity in 3+1 spacetime dimensions. We decompose the continuous spatial geometry into 3-dimensional cells, which are dual to a spin network graph in a unique and well-defined way. Assuming that the geometry may only be probed by holonomies (or Wilson loops) located on the spin network, we truncate the geometry such that the cells become flat and the curvature is concentrated at the edges of the cells, which we then interpret as a network of cosmic strings. The discrete phase space thus describes a spin network coupled to cosmic strings. This work proves that the relation between gravity and spin networks exists not only at the quantum level, but already at the classical level. Two appendices provide detailed derivations of the Ashtekar formulation of gravity as a Yang-Mills theory and the distributional geometry of cosmic strings in this formulation.
description: 70 pages, 3 figures; updated to version published in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Phonon Transport at Boundaries and Interfaces in Two-Dimensional Materials
Creators: name: Foss, Cameron
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018

description: A typical electronic or photonic device may consist of several materials each one potentially meeting at an interface or terminating with a free-surface boundary. As modern device dimensions reach deeper into the nanoscale regime, interfaces and boundaries become increasingly influential to both electrical and thermal energy transport. While a large majority of the device community focuses on the former, we focus here on the latter issue of thermal transport which is of great importance in implementing nanoscale devices as well as developing solutions for on-chip heat removal and waste heat scavenging. In this document we will discuss how modern performance enhancing techniques (strain, nanostructuring, alloying, etc.) affect thermal transport at boundaries and across interfaces through the avenue of three case studies. We use first-principles Density Functional Perturbation Theory to obtain the phonon spectrum of the materials of interest and then use the dispersion data as input to a phonon Boltzmann Transport model. First, we investigate the combined effects of strain and boundary scattering on the in-plane and cross-plane thermal conductivity of thin-film silicon and germanium. Second, we review a recently developed model for cross-dimensional (2D-3D) phonon transport and apply it to 3D-2D-3D stacked interfaces involving graphene and molybdenum disulfide 2D-layers. Third, we combine relevant models from earlier Chapters to study extrinsic effects, such as line edge roughness and substrate effects, on in-plane and through-plane thermal transport in 1H-phase transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) alloys. Through these investigations we show that: (1) biaxial strain in Si and Ge thin-films can modulate cross-plane conductivity due to strong boundary scattering, (2) the thermal boundary conductance between 2D-3D materials can be enhanced in the presence of an encapsulating layer, and (3) the thermal conductivity of 1H-phase TMDs can be reduced by an order of magnitude through the combination of nanostructuring, alloying, and substrate effects.
Modelling hydraulic fracture propagation in heterogeneous porous media
Creators: name: Sarmadi, Nima
name: Mohaddeseh Mousavi Nezhad
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Predicting propagation of fluid-driven fractures in heterogeneous porous materials is critical for design of engineering operations to sustainably use underground energy resources. In this paper, a computational model is presented using the phase-field theory and in the context of finite strains kinematics. The framework is built upon the use of variational principle to minimise the energy of the fracturing heterogeneous porous system. The material properties are distributed statistically over the domain to consider the heterogeneity of the porous material, and the nonlinearity of flow generated within the cracked zone is modelled by considering the effect of inertial flow. This numerical framework is verified using a benchmark example, and its application is tested by simulating a pressurised cavity in a heterogeneous reservoir to identify the influential parameters in the propagation path, including the degree of heterogeneity in the mechanical properties of the porous media and flow characteristics.
Optimization of Peracetic Acid as an Antimicrobial Agent in Postharvest Processing Wash Water
Creators: name: Ghostlaw, Tiah
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018

description: The Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) has a regulation stating that there can be no detectable generic Escherichia coli in agricultural water. The objective of this study was to optimize the use of peracetic acid (PAA) as a mitigating strategy in postharvest processing. This project began by investigating the impact of storage temperatures on stability of a commercially available PAA sanitizer. Regression analysis showed a quadratic relationship in the concentration of PAA over 12 weeks when storing the product at 4, 20 and 37°C. Stability of the product was also investigated in the presence of organic load over time at 60ppm PAA. PAA significantly decreased at an organic load level of 750COD. From this, the impact of various ratios of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and PAA were investigated further to see the efficacy against E. coli O157:H7 over three hours with reinoculation of bacteria after 3 hours. A higher level of PAA in the solution had a greater inactivation efficacy against E. coli O157:H7. The impact of concentration, organic load, temperature and pH on the efficacy against E. coli O157:H7 and stability of PAA over four hours was then investigated. All of the conditions tested showed a significant decrease in H2O2 and PAA concentrations over time, except at concentration of 80ppm, with varying rates of depletion under each condition tested. This study will help to create guidance on optimizing the use of PAA. With this knowledge growers can understand how changes in their post-harvest processing water can affect sanitizer performance.
Backreaction on an infinite helical cosmic string
Creators: name: Robbins, Ken W.
name: III
name: Olum, Ken D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To understand the properties of a possible cosmic string network requires knowledge of the structures on long strings, which control the breaking off of smaller loops. These structures are influenced by backreaction due to gravitational wave emission. To gain an understanding of this process, we calculate the effect of gravitational backreaction on the "helical breather": an infinite cosmic string with a helical standing wave. We do the calculation analytically to first order in the amplitude of the oscillation. Our results for the rate of loss of length agree with the total power emitted from this system as calculated by Sakellariadou. We also find a rotation of the generators of the string that leads to an advancement of the phase of the oscillation in addition to that produced by the loss of length.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure, edited for comma, edited introduction
Screening of Commercially Available Chlorine Based Sanitizers and their Efficacy in Reducing Microbial Load Levels of E. coli O157:H7 at High and Low Organic Load Environments
Creators: name: Martinez-Ramos, Paola
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018

description: The presence of postharvest sanitizers has shown to be an effective approach to reducing microbial cross contamination in agricultural washing operations. However, choosing an appropriate sanitizer can be challenging due to produce commodity, processing conditions and interference with organic load. Current research shows a wide variety of methods to mimic the organic load of vegetable processing conditions, with paddle mixing and blender as the most commonly used. Controlling and understanding the physiochemical properties of wash water is key in maintaining sanitizer efficacy. The effects of simulated wash water preparation method on the physiochemical properties were tested at 0 and 50 COD(mg/L) and no significant difference was observed. However, at high levels of organic load results showed a significant difference between turbidity values at 1,500 COD. Free residual chlorine titration methods were compared, using DPD-titrimetric and Iodometric method. Results showed a significant difference between titration methods in organic load heavy environments. Commercially available chlorine based sanitizers, Pure Bright™ Germicidal Bleach and Clorox® Germicidal Bleach, were compared to a concentrated solution of sodium hypochlorite. Pure Bright™ Germicidal Bleach showed to perform the best by reducing 7 log CFU/ml of E. coli O157:H7 after 30 seconds in no organic load environments, whereas Clorox Germicidal bleach was able to reduce 7 log CFU/ml of E. coli O157:H7 after 30 minutes. These studies aim to provide best management practices for small in medium growers in the implementation of antimicrobial solutions for the maintenance of water quality in postharvest washing solutions.
ANALYZING THE LONG-TERM IMPACT OF REMOTE WORK ON ORGANIZATIONAL EFFICIENCY AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: EXPLORING KEY TECHNOLOGIES AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
Creators: name: Mbonigaba Celestin* & S. Sujatha**
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The research explores the long-term impact of remote work on business productivity, particularly post-COVID-19. With remote work adoption rising from 17% in 2019 to 44% in 2020, organizations saw a 30% productivity increase between 2019 and 2024, driven by reduced commute times and flexibility. However, challenges like work-life balance issues affected 70% of remote employees, contributing to a 15% productivity decrease. The study used mixed methods, including surveys and employee interviews across sectors like IT and healthcare, to assess performance metrics and the role of digital tools. Results indicate that while remote work enhances individual productivity, collaboration remains more effective in on-site environments. Conclusion: Successful remote work implementation relies on advanced technology and structured management practices.
MOESM2 of Concurrent genome and epigenome editing by CRISPR-mediated sequence replacement
Creators: name: Alexander, Jes
name: Findlay, Gregory
name: Kircher, Martin
name: Shendure, Jay
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Nested PCR from Pre-selection, Mock Selected, or 6-TG Selected Cell Genomic DNA for Illumina Sequencing. Genomic DNA was the template for the first round of PCR. In this round, one primer was outside the CRISPR cut sites in the genome, while the other primer was within the cut sites in the HPRT1 CpG island. The product of the PCR was used as the template for the second round PCR. The second round PCR amplified a 44-bp region including the allele-defining SNVs.
Diversity and socio-economic aspects of toothpicks plant species in Abidjan district markets (Côte d'Ivoire, Africa)
Creators: name: Yao Konan
name: Koné Madoué
name: Kouassi Akossoua Faustine
name: Aké Assi Emma Ablan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: A study on the diversity of plant species used as toothpick in the markets of the Abidjan District (Côte d'Ivoire) was performed. The aim of the study was to contribute to the sustainable management of plant resources used in the form of toothpicks to resolve oral hygiene problems and other pathologies encountered in Côte d'Ivoire. During the fieldwork in the study site, an ethnobotanical survey has been realized using a pre-established questionnaire, involving 150 people at markets in three communes in Abidjan district (Adjamé, Abobo and Yopougon). The study identified 45 species belonging to 43 genera and 18 families. The Fabaceae family is the most represented. The most used species are Parinari curatellifolia (Chrysobalanaceae) and Croton pseudopulchellus (Euphorbiaceae). The Shannon index values calculated show a variation in the diversity of species used in the form of toothpick depending on the municipalities (F = 71.19; P < 0.001). These toothpicks, used in the treatment of oral and dental disorders, erectile dysfunction and hypersalivation during pregnancy, are sold mainly by women. Many species used as toothpicks have been classified as “Least Concern” and “Vulnerable” by the IUCN. The most commonly used organ is the root (80%). The cost of these toothpicks varies from 0.04 to 0.83 $USD, making them accessible to all. It is therefore important to raise awareness of how these toothpick species are harvested, in order to prevent their disappearance.
The Distribution of Cu Content of Soil in Different Land Use Types in the Suburbs of Changchun City
Creators: name: Su, Wei
name: Liang, Dongmei
name: Chen, Minghui
name: Shen, Guisheng
name: Su, Wei
name: Liang, Dongmei
name: Chen, Minghui
name: Shen, Guisheng
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farmland soil
subject: Cu content
subject: Distribution

description: In order to understand the heavy metal contamination of Cu in the farmland soil in the suburbs of Changchun City, and reveal the distribution of Cu content of soil in different farmland types, we use the methods field survey and laboratory analysis, to analyze the Cu content of soil in different farmland types in the suburbs of Changchun City. Using SPSS statistical analysis software and ORING mapping software, we process the data of Cu content in 60 sampling points and draw the normal distribution map, and then analyze the distribution of Cu content of soil in different land use types. The results show that the Cu content of the farmland soil in the suburbs of Changchun City is between 41.71 mg/kg and 116.77 mg/kg, with an average of 53.35 mg/kg, and the content in all sampling points is higher than the background value; in terms of the Cu content of soil, different land use types are sequenced in descending order (vegetable field > paddy > dry land).
The Role of Hypothalamic Vasopressin Cells in Male Sociability and Anxiety-Linked Behavior
Creators: name: Nanda, Prakruti
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018

description: The vertebrate hypothalamus is a central node within multiple interwoven neural networks that integrate external and internal cues to control homeostasis, endocrine functions and social behavior. The neuropeptide hormone arginine-vasopressin (AVP) is produced in both the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus. Expression within these nuclei is conserved across species, and species differences in the expression of AVP and its cognate receptors correlate with differences in social behavior. As a central node within the social behavior network, chemogenetic manipulation of AVP+ cells in the paraventricular nucleus (pvn) of the hypothalamus provides a unique opportunity to investigate the relationship between social behavior and the regulation of stress responses. Here, we show that reversibly inducing excitatory activity in vasopressin neurons in the PVN results in reduced motivation for social interaction and increased grooming behavior in males. Chronic activation of PVN AVP neurons reduced social motivation in male mice that persisted even without CNO administration. These results highlight the role PVN AVP+ neurons play in the modulation of male social motivation.
MOESM3 of Concurrent genome and epigenome editing by CRISPR-mediated sequence replacement
Creators: name: Alexander, Jes
name: Findlay, Gregory
name: Kircher, Martin
name: Shendure, Jay
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. PCR from Pre-selection, Mock Selected, or 6-TG Selected Cell Genomic DNA for Pacific Biosciences Sequencing. Genomic DNA was the template for the first round of PCR. In this round, both primers were outside the CRISPR cut sites in the genome. A unique molecular index (UMI) and a primer binding site were added in this round of PCR. The product of this PCR was used as the template for the second round PCR.
Pholcus pennatus Zhang, Zhu & Song 2005
Creators: name: Zhang, Feng
name: Zhu, Ming-Sheng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Pholcidae
Pholcus
Pholcus pennatus

description: Pholcus pennatus Zhang, Zhu & Song, 2005
(Fig. 35)
 Pholcus pennatus Zhang, Zhu & Song 2005: 65, f. 1–8.
 Diagnosis. Among its near Pholcus relatives (see the remark of P. alloctospilus) this species is very similar to P. gaoi in the shape of the palpal bulb and epigynum, both without appendix of palpal bulb (Fig. 35G), and with a knob-shaped epigynal apophysis and a sclerotized arch of epigynum anteriorly (Figs. 13A–B). It can be distinguished from P. gaoi by the shape of the tip of the procursus (Figs. 35G–H), by the shorter ventral apophysis of trochanter (Figs. 35D, G–H), and by the close pore plates (Fig. 35B).
 Redescription. Male (holotype) total length 4.9: cephalothorax 1.5 long, 1.5 wide; abdomen 3.2 long, 1.3 wide. Leg I: 37.6 (9.5+0.8+9.3+15.3+2.7), tibia II: 6.4, tibia III: 4.4, tibia IV: 5.6; tibia I L/D: 62. Prosoma shape as in Fig. 35C. Carapace short, broad and almost circular, ochre, with pair of brown marks broadly connecting to ocular area. Cephalic region raised, with a brown longitudinal stripe centrally, ocular area dark yellow. Clypeus 0.46, slightly ochre, with a brown triangular patch centrally. Distance AME–AME 0.04. Diameter AME 0.10, ALE 0.15, PME 0.12, PLE 0.13. Chelicerae as in Fig. 35E, with pair of black serrated apophyses distally, pair of unsclerotized thumb-shaped apophyses proximolaterally and pair of small unsclerotized rounded apophyses proximocentrally. Labium and endites light yellow. Sternum slightly ochre, with three pairs of brown marginal marks and an anterior mark as in Fig. 35F. Femora, patellae and tibiae brown, with dark rings, metatarsi and tarsi brown. Abdomen cylindrical, pale ochre, dorsum with many brown spots as in Fig. 35C. Venter pale brown, without marks. Palps as in Figs. 35G and 35H, bulb with a mushroom-shaped uncus and transparent embolus, without appendix.
 Variation. Tibia I in four male paratypes: 8.9, 8.9, 9.2, 9.2. Body length in four male paratypes: 4.7, 4.8, 4.8, 4.9.
Female: in general very similar to male. Total length of paratypes 4.8–5.1. A specimen measured (paratype), total length 5.0: cephalothorax 1.6 long, 1.7 wide; abdomen 3.4 long, 1.6 wide. Tibia I: 7.7. Distance AME–AME 0.04. Epigynum roughly round as in Fig. 35A, with a nipple-shaped apophysis. Dorsal view as in Fig. 35B, with a W-shaped sclerotized arch anteriorly and a pair of egg-shaped pore plates centrally.
 Material examined. CHINA: Hebei: Zanhuang County, Mt. Zhangshiyan, June 15, 1998, leg. M. S. Zhu and F. Zhang, male holotype, 4♀, 4♂ paratypes (MHBU).
 Distribution. Known from type locality only.
description: Published as part of Zhang, Feng & Zhu, Ming-Sheng, 2009, A review of the genus Pholcus (Araneae: Pholcidae) from China, pp. 1-114 in Zootaxa 2037 (1) on pages 65-67, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2235.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5317608
Food Supply Value and Their Factors of Three Pond Aquaculture Ecosystems: A Case Study of Shanghai
Creators: name: YANG, Zhengyong
name: ZHANG, Xinzheng
name: HAN, Zhenfang
name: TANG, Keyong
name: YANG, Zhengyong
name: ZHANG, Xinzheng
name: HAN, Zhenfang
name: TANG, Keyong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Pond aquaculture
subject: Food supply value
subject: Eco-service value
subject: Cost-benefit analysis

description: Studies on food supply values, the basis of eco-service values, and their factors of different pond aquaculture ecosystems are helpful to explain the influences of the inputted factors and their variations among these ecosystems and provide information for stakeholders to adjust their decisions and behaviors to increase their total eco-service values. On the basis of continued records from 2011 to 2012 of 18 ponds of three pond aquaculture ecosystems, namely Litopenaeus vannamei, Macrobrachium nippponensis and carp fresh water pond aquaculture ecosystems in Qingpu, Fengxian, and Jiading, three suburban districts of Shang, this paper analyzed the costs, returns, net food supply values and their regional and temporal fluctuations. The results showed that: (1) the net food supply values of the three ecosystems are 143252.4, 135883.7, and 52623.1Yuan/Ha in 2011 correspondently, with the Litopenaeus vannamei pond aquaculture ecosystem (LVPAE) ranking highest and the carp pond aquaculture ecosystem (CPAE) lowest among them, and the trend was same in 2012, but the values decreased than that of 2011 with the rate of 30.0%( LVPAE), 38.0 %( Macrobrachium nippponensis pond aquaculture ecosystem, MNPAE) and 13.7 %( CPAE). (2)The dominant factors of the net food supply values of these ecosystems are the produce price and variable costs; fry and feed costs are the main variable factors producing the noticeable difference among the ecosystems. (3) The cost-benefit ratio of per unit product of the CPAE, LVPAE and MNPAE changed from 27.5%,91.7%,129.0% in 2011 to 23.0%,73.8% and 63.8% in 2012, with the CPAE ranked lowest among them in both years.(4) For all the three ecosystems, their net food supply values may not always change in same trends with their net eco-service values, if stakeholders want to keep an balance between these two types of values, MNPAE should be encouraged in these districts.
Societal acceptability of using insects for manure valorisation and animal feed in the context of a sustainability-oriented bioeconomy
Creators: name: Bunker, Ingrid
name: Zscheischler, Jana
name: Bunker, Ingrid
name: Zscheischler, Jana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Research and Development / Technical Change / Emerging Technologies
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Insect-based feed
subject: waste management
subject: bioconversion
subject: sustainability transformation
subject: circular economy

description: The use of insect protein for livestock feed may provide a more sustainable alternative to fishmeal and imported protein-rich feed. Little is known about societal acceptability between and within different actor groups on a European level. To gain an understanding of reasons and arguments for acceptance or rejection of this innovation, a qualitative content analysis was carried out on feedback from stakeholders and citizens given during an EU public consultation. Value-based arguments were analysed in order to determine the degree of acceptability decisions and factors influencing acceptability. This will give insight into attitudes from different perspectives, where conflict lines may arise amongst actor groups and whether or not the innovation is considered acceptable for a development towards a sustainable bioeconomy.
Strangeness production in heavy ion collisions at SPS and RHIC within two-source statistical model
Creators: name: Lu, Zhong-Dao
name: Faessler, Amand
name: Fuchs, C.
name: Zabrodin, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The experimental data on hadron yields and ratios in central Pb+Pb and Au+Au collisions at SPS and RHIC energies, respectively, are analysed within a two-source statistical model of an ideal hadron gas. These two sources represent the expanding system of colliding heavy ions, where the hot central fireball is embedded in a larger but cooler fireball. The volume of the central source increases with rising bombarding energy. Results of the two-source model fit to RHIC experimental data at midrapidity coincide with the results of the one-source thermal model fit, indicating the formation of an extended fireball, which is three times larger than the corresponding core at SPS.
description: Talk at "Strange Quarks in Matter" Conference (Strangeness'2001), September 2001, Frankfurt a.M., Germany
Milchviehhaltung im Fokus von Zweierinterviews: Kritikpunkte von BürgerInnen und MilchviehhalterInnen im direkten Gespräch
Creators: name: Faletar, Ivica
name: Erler, Mirka
name: Berkes, Jessica
name: Ollier, Carla
name: Mergenthaler, Marcus
name: Christoph-Schulz, Inken
name: Faletar, Ivica
name: Erler, Mirka
name: Berkes, Jessica
name: Ollier, Carla
name: Mergenthaler, Marcus
name: Christoph-Schulz, Inken
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Milchviehhaltung
subject: Kritik
subject: Tierwohl
subject: MilchviehhalterInnen
subject: BürgerInnen
subject: Dialog

description: Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Kritik an der Milchviehhaltung aus der Perspektive von MilchviehalterInnen und BürgerInnen. Dazu wurden acht leitfadengestützte Online-Zweierinterviews mit jeweils einem/einer BürgerIn und einem/einer MilchviehhalterIn geführt und inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Hauptkritik beider Gruppen an ähnlichen Punkten ansetzt: Stallhaltung, Tiergesundheit, Umweltbelastungen und der Umgang mit den Tieren. Die Ergebnisse sollen als Grundlage weiterer Untersuchungen dienen, um reali-sierbare und von unterschiedlichen gesellschaftlichen Gruppen bestmöglich akzeptierte Zielbilder für die Milchviehhaltung zu entwickeln.
HCN/HNC intensity ratio: a new chemical thermometer for the molecular ISM
Creators: name: Hacar, A.
name: Bosman, A. D.
name: van Dishoeck, E. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The gas kinetic temperature (TK) determines the physical and chemical evolution of the Interestellar Medium (ISM). However, obtaining reliable TK estimates usually requires expensive observations including the combination of multi-line analysis and dedicated radiative transfer calculations. Aims. This work explores the use of HCN and HNC observations, and particularly its I(HCN)/I(HNC) intensity ratio of their J=1-0 lines, as direct probe of the gas kinetic temperature in the molecular ISM. Methods. We obtained a new set of large-scale observations of both HCN and HNC (1-0) lines along the Integral Shape Filament (ISF) in Orion. In combination with ancillary gas and dust temperature measurements, we find a systematic temperature dependence of the observed I(HCN)/I(HNC) intensity ratio across our maps. Additional comparisons with chemical models demonstrate that these observed I(HCN)/I(HNC) variations are driven by the effective destruction and isomerization mechanisms of HNC under low energy barriers. Results. The observed variations of I(HCN)/I(HNC) with TK can be described with a two-part linear function. This empirical calibration is then used to create a temperature map of the entire ISF. Comparisons with similar dust temperature measurements in this cloud, as well as in other regions and galactic surveys, validate this simple technique to obtain direct estimates of the gas kinetic temperature in a wide range of physical conditions and scales with an optimal working range between 15 K and 40 K. Conclusions. Both observations and models demonstrate the strong sensitivity of the I(HCN)/I(HNC) ratio to the gas kinetic temperature. Since these lines are easily obtained in observations of local and extragalactic sources, our results highlight the potential use of this observable as new chemical thermometer for the ISM.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures, Accepted by A&A (v2.0)
The Role of Sleep Timing on Diet Quality and Physical Activity among College-Aged Women Participating in the University of Massachusetts Vitamin D Status Study
Creators: name: Azarmanesh, Deniz
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: Overweight and obesity are risk factors for various chronic diseases. Sleep has been associated with overweight and obesity. One potential mechanism by which sleep may lead to overweight and obesity is through positive energy balance (i.e. energy intake exceeding expenditure). There are few studies examining the impact of sleep timing (onset and wake time) on diet and exercise. In a cross sectional study, we examined associations between sleep timing and diet quality, and in separate models, between sleep timing and meeting the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans among the participants of the UMass Vitamin D Status Study. A total of 140 young women (aged 18 to 30 years) were grouped into four sleep timing categories based on the median of participants’ sleep onset and wake time (Early sleep-Early wake, Early sleep-Late wake, Late sleep-Early wake, Late sleep-Late wake). Multivariable linear regression and multivariable logistic regression were used to model the associations between the sleep timing categories and diet quality, and sleep timing and meeting the National Physical Activity Guidelines, respectively. Participants in the Early sleep-Early wake group had the highest diet quality scores and were more likely to meet the National Physical Activity Guidelines compared to the other sleep timing categories. To our knowledge, this was the first study in the U.S. examining sleep timing and diet quality and physical activity among young women. In conclusion, the old adage early to bed, early to rise appears to be related to higher diet quality and meeting physical activity guidelines.
Space Structure for the Simplest Parasupersymmetric System
Creators: name: Yang, Wei Min
name: Jing, Si Cong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structure of the state-vector space for a system consisting of one mode parabose and one mode parafermi degree of freedom with the same parastatistics order $p$ is studied and a complete, orthonormal set of basis vectors in this space is constructed. There is an intrinsic double degeneracy for state vectors with $m$ parabosons and $n$ parafermions, where $m \not= 0$, $n \not= 0$, and $n \not= p$. It is also shown that the degeneracy plays a key role in realization of exact supersymmetry for such a system.
Typology of small-scale farmers in southern Africa and implications for policy design
Creators: name: Yazdan-Bakhsh, Sara
name: Feil, Jan-Henning
name: Yazdan-Bakhsh, Sara
name: Feil, Jan-Henning
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Development
subject: Machine learning
subject: Partitioning Around Medoids
subject: smallholder
subject: smale-scale farming
subject: agricultural policy design
subject: Southern Africa

description: Small-scale farmers play a vital role in providing food for a growing urbanized population and improving food security in Southern Africa. The smallholder farms are highly heterogeneous in terms of types of farming, levels of productivity and commercialization. These heterogeneous groups of smallholder faming systems require different forms of government interventions, depending on the objective and characteristics of each group. The aim of this paper is to analyze the typologies of small-scale farmers in South Africa based on a wide range of objective variables regarding their personal, farm and context characteristics, which support an effective, target-group-specific design and communication of policies. For this, a cluster analysis is conducted on the basis of a comprehensive survey among 212 small-scale farmers in the Limpopo region in 2019. An unsupervised machine learning approach with Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) for the subsequent clustering is used. According to the results, the small-scale farmers can be grouped into four clusters. The largest cluster with 37.7% of the farmers represents the group of subsistence oriented farmers, while the smallest cluster with 14% of respondents indicates the emerging (commercial-oriented) farmers. The other two clusters are the semi-subsistence livestock farmers as well as the and crop oriented farmers that predominantly producing for own consumption and selling their surplus at their farm. According to the results, implications for target-group-specific policies are exemplary derived with regards to the topics of extension services, the adaptation of irrigation technologies and credit access.
Application of Evolutionary Encryption 2D Barcode Generation Technology in Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Traceability System
Creators: name: Zhong, Xiaojun
name: Lai, Zhijie
name: Chen, Yan
name: Qian, Jianxin
name: Hong, Xiaocong
name: Li, Caiyi
name: Zhong, Xiaojun
name: Lai, Zhijie
name: Chen, Yan
name: Qian, Jianxin
name: Hong, Xiaocong
name: Li, Caiyi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: 2D barcode technology
subject: Evolutionary encryption
subject: Traceability system

description: Two-dimensional (2D) barcode technology is an electronic tagging technology based on combination of computer and optical technology. It is an important way of information collection and input. 2D barcode technology has been widely used in various fields of logistics, production automation, and e-commerce, but it also has brought about a series of safety problems. Based on evolutionary encryption technology, this paper improved algorithm of traditional 2D barcode generation, to improve forgery-proof performance of 2D barcode. This algorithm is applied to agricultural products quality and safety traceability system and the results show that it is effective.
A Precise Steroid-responsive Centrifugal Feedback Projection to the Accessory Olfactory Bulb
Creators: name: Inbar, Tal
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018

description: The accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) processes pheromonal signals which in turn drive social behaviors. Here we identify a tract of aromatase-expressing (arom+) fibers in the dorsal lateral olfactory tract (dLOT) which terminate in the granule cell layer (GCL) of the AOB. We utilized a retrograde tracer in aromatase reporter animals to delineate the source of these fibers. We show that these input fibers emerge almost exclusively from a contiguous population of arom+ neurons that spans the bed nucleus of the accessory olfactory tract (BAOT) and posterioventral subnucleus of the medial amygdala (MeApv). This population of neurons expresses the estrogen receptor alpha and contains more aromatase neurons in male mice than female mice. Thus, this population of feedback neurons can detect neuroendocrine changes and modulate the output of AOB projection neurons in a way that is sexually dimorphic and could influence every downstream target of the AOB.
MOESM1 of Concurrent genome and epigenome editing by CRISPR-mediated sequence replacement
Creators: name: Alexander, Jes
name: Findlay, Gregory
name: Kircher, Martin
name: Shendure, Jay
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. PCR for generation of CpG Island Allele Amplicon DNA with PAM mutations. Cloned HPRT1 CpG island plasmid DNA was used as a template for PCR amplification. PAM sites corresponding to the guide RNA target sites are at the ends within the CpG island amplicon. Primer sequences included a mismatch near the 5â€² end resulting in incorporation of a mutation in the PAM sequences at the ends of the CpG island allele amplicons.
Manure as a Resource: Livestock Waste Management from Anaerobic Digestion, Opportunities and Challenges for Brazil
Creators: name: Mathias, João Felippe Cury Marinho
name: Mathias, João Felippe Cury Marinho
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: livestock
subject: waste management
subject: anaerobic digestion
subject: biogas
subject: Brazil.

description: The idea of looking at manure as a resource, not a waste, has been central to much of the more recent thinking on the whole subject of good farm management. That is also the central idea of the present study, which maintains that the lessons of international experience suggest that the development of biogas systems is important for farm waste management. Brazil is abundant in livestock waste resources, but its livestock production management is very inefficient, particularly in the small rural properties. The objective of this article is to study the environmental impact of intensive livestock production systems and how the use of biodigesters should be an option in waste treatment and management.
description: The IFAMR is published quarterly by the International Food and Agribusiness Management Association. www.ifama.org
Umweltaspekte als Bewirtschaftungskriterien für Landwirtinnen und Landwirte und ihre Akzeptanz von Biodiversitätsmaßnahmen – eine qualitative Analyse
Creators: name: Joormann, Ineke
name: Röder, Norbert
name: Joormann, Ineke
name: Röder, Norbert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Qualitative Typenbildung
subject: Umweltbewusstsein
subject: Deutschland

description: Diese Studie untersucht die Zusammenhänge zwischen dem Umweltbewusstsein sowie der Bewertung von biodiversitätsfördernden Maßnahmen von LandwirtInnen mit der Umsetzung solcher Maßnahmen. Ein Fokus ist hierbei inwieweit Einstellung und Handeln verknüpft sind. Für eine qualitative Typenbildung konnten die drei Vergleichsdimensionen a) Umweltaspekte, die die LandwirtInnen bei der Bewirtschaftung ihres Betriebes berücksichtigen, b) ihre generelle Bewertung von biodiversitätsfördernden Maßnahmen und c) die Umsetzung von Biodiversitätsmaßnahmen mit unterschiedlichen Finanzierungsquellen extrahiert werden. Innerhalb dieses Merkmalsraums konnten wir sechs Typen identifizieren: den Enthusiasten, den ambitionierten Realisten, den positiv Neutralen, den extrinsisch Motivierten, den Aufgeschlossenen und den Unbeteiligten. Mit den verschiedenen Umweltaspekten, die für die Bewirtschaftung als relevant angesehen werden, zeigt die Analyse verschiedene Implikationen für die Umsetzung von Maßnahmen auf, die z. B. durch angepasste Beratungskonzepte aufgegriffen werden können.
Petrogenesis of silicic rocks from the Phan Si Pan–Tu Le region of the Emeishan large igneous province, Northwestern Vietnam
Creators: name: Pham, Thuy Thanh
name: J. Gregory Shellnutt
name: Tran, Anh Tuan
name: Denyszyn, Steven W.
name: Iizuka, Yoshiyuki
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Figure S1. Combined LA–ICP-MS dating results and CL-images of Permian rocks