cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Utilizing a Fully Optical and Reconfigurable PUF as a Quantum Authentication Mechanism
Creators: name: Jacinto, H S.
name: Smith, A. Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work the novel usage of a physically unclonable function composed of a network of Mach-Zehnder interferometers for authentication tasks is described. The physically unclonable function hardware is completely reconfigurable, allowing for a large number of seemingly independent devices to be utilized, thus imitating a large array of single-response physically unclonable functions. It is proposed that any reconfigurable array of Mach-Zehnder interferometers can be used as an authentication mechanism, not only for physical objects, but for information transmitted both classically and quantumly. The proposed use-case for a fully-optical physically unclonable function, designed with reconfigurable hardware, is to authenticate messages between a trusted and possibly untrusted party; verifying that the messages received are generated by the holder of the authentic device.
Traci ‘romani’: diffusione della civitas e ‘romanizzazione’ nei centri costieri della Tracia
Creators: name: Camia, Francesco
Publisher: name: Aristonothos. Scritti per il Mediterraneo antico
Year: 2015

description: Forthcoming.
description: Aristonothos. Scritti per il Mediterraneo antico, No 9 (2015): I Traci tra geografia e storia
The Roman Conquest of Thrace (188 B.C. – 45 A.D.)
Creators: name: Iliev, Jordan
Publisher: name: Aristonothos. Scritti per il Mediterraneo antico
Year: 2015

description: Forthcoming.
description: Aristonothos. Scritti per il Mediterraneo antico, No 9 (2015): I Traci tra geografia e storia
Hybrid viscosity and the magnetoviscous instability in hot, collisionless accretion disks
Creators: name: Subramanian, Prasad
name: Becker, Peter A.
name: Kafatos, Menas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim to illustrate the role of hot protons in enhancing the magnetorotational instability (MRI) via the ``hybrid'' viscosity, which is due to the redirection of protons interacting with static magnetic field perturbations, and to establish that it is the only relevant mechanism in this situation. It has recently been shown by Balbus \cite{PBM1} and Islam & Balbus \cite{PBM11} using a fluid approach that viscous momentum transport is key to the development of the MRI in accretion disks for a wide range of parameters. However, their results do not apply in hot, advection-dominated disks, which are collisionless. We develop a fluid picture using the hybrid viscosity mechanism, that applies in the collisionless limit. We demonstrate that viscous effects arising from this mechanism can significantly enhance the growth of the MRI as long as the plasma $β\gapprox 80$. Our results facilitate for the first time a direct comparison between the MHD and quasi-kinetic treatments of the magnetoviscous instability in hot, collisionless disks.
description: To appear in the proceedings of the first Kodai-Trieste workshop on Plasma Astrophysics (Aug 27-Sept 07 2007), Springer Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings series
Electronic properties of Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ dopped by $3d$ transition metal (Mn, Fe, Co, or Ni) ions
Creators: name: Ptok, Andrzej
name: Kapcia, Konrad Jerzy
name: Ciechan, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological insulators are characterized by the existence of band inversion and the possibility of the realization of surface states. Doping with a magnetic atom, which is a source of the time-reversal symmetry breaking, can lead to realization of novel magneto-electronic properties of the system. In this paper, we study effects of substitution by the transition metal ions (Mn, Fe, Co and Ni) into Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ on its electric properties. Using the ab inito supercell technique, we investigate the density of states and the projected band structure. Under such substitution the shift of the Fermi level is observed. We find the existence of nearly dispersionless bands around the Fermi level associated with substituted atoms, especially, in the case of the Co and Ni. Additionally, we discuss the modification of the electron localization function as well as charge and spin redistribution in the system. Our study shows a strong influence of the transition metal--Se bond on local modifications of the physical properties. The results are also discussed in the context of the interplay between energy levels of the magnetic impurities and topological surface states.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Linearly and Circularly Polarized Emission in Sagittarius A*
Creators: name: Huang, L.
name: Liu, S.
name: Shen, Z. -Q.
name: Cai, M. J.
name: Li, H.
name: Fryer, C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform general relativistic ray-tracing calculations of the transfer of polarized synchrotron radiation through the relativistic accretion flow in Sagittarius (Sgr) A*. Based on a two-temperature magneto-rotational-instability (MRI) induced accretion mode, the birefringence effects are treated self-consistently. By fitting the spectrum and polarization of Sgr A* from millimeter to near-infrared bands, we are able to not only constrain the basic parameters related to the MRI and the electron heating rate, but also limit the orientation of the accretion torus. These constraints lead to unique polarimetric images, which may be compared with future millimeter and sub-millimeter VLBI observations. In combination with general relativistic MHD simulations, the model has the potential to test the MRI with observations of Sgr A*.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, ApJL accepted
Quantum tomography of an entangled three-spin state in silicon
Creators: name: Takeda, Kenta
name: Noiri, Akito
name: Nakajima, Takashi
name: Yoneda, Jun
name: Kobayashi, Takashi
name: Tarucha, Seigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum entanglement is a fundamental property of coherent quantum states and an essential resource for quantum computing. While two-qubit entanglement has been demonstrated for spins in silicon, creation of multipartite entanglement, a first step toward implementing quantum error correction, has remained challenging due to the difficulties in controlling a multi-qubit array, such as device disorder, magnetic and electrical noises and exacting exchange controls. Here, we show operation of a fully functional three-qubit array in silicon and generation of a three-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state. We obtain a state fidelity of 88.0 percent by quantum state tomography, which witnesses a genuine GHZ-class quantum entanglement that is not biseparable. Our result shows the potential of silicon-based qubit platform for demonstrations of multiqubit quantum algorithms.
Drepanomonas exigua subsp. bidentata Foissner 1999
Creators: name: Durán-Ramírez, Carlos Alberto
name: Dias, Roberto Júnio Pedroso
name: Estrada, Rosaura Mayén-
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ciliophora
Nassophorea
Nassulida
Microthoracidae
Drepanomonas
Drepanomonas exigua
Drepanomonas exigua bidentata foissner, 1999

description: Drepanomonas exigua bidentata Foissner, 1999
Distribution. VENEZUELA: South margin of the Henri Pittier National Park, Biological Station Rancho Grande (Foissner 2016).
description: Published as part of Durán-Ramírez, Carlos Alberto, Dias, Roberto Júnio Pedroso & Estrada, Rosaura Mayén-, 2020, Checklist of ciliates (Alveolata: Ciliophora) that inhabit in bromeliads from the Neotropical Region, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 4895 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4895.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4321437
Aspects de la colonisation des Daces au sud du Danube par les Romains
Creators: name: Avram, Alexandru
Publisher: name: Aristonothos. Scritti per il Mediterraneo antico
Year: 2015

description: Forthcoming.
description: Aristonothos. Scritti per il Mediterraneo antico, No 9 (2015): I Traci tra geografia e storia
Heat conduction and diffusion of hard disks in a narrow channel
Creators: name: Lipowski, Adam
name: Lipowska, Dorota
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using molecular dynamics we study heat conduction and diffusion of hard disks in one dimensional narrow channels. When collisions preserve momentum the heat conduction $κ$ diverges with the number of disks $N$ as $κ\sim N^α$ $(α\approx 1/3)$. Such a behaviour is seen both when the ordering of disks is fixed ('pen-case' model), and when they can exchange their positions. Momentum conservation results also in sound-wave effects that enhance diffusive behaviour and on an intermediate time scale (that diverges in the thermodynamic limit) normal diffusion takes place even in the 'pen-case' model. When collisions do not preserve momentum, $κ$ remains finite and sound-wave effects are absent.
description: 4 pages, accepted in Phys.Rev.E
Research Object Crates – Bundling Research (Meta-)Data
Creators: name: Scholz, Jonas
name: Tzotchev, Nikola
name: Pfeil, Andreas
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2022
Subjects: Research Data Management
Research Data Package
Software Library
Benchmark

description: Research Object Crate (RO-Crate) is an open, community-driven data package specification to describe all kinds of file-based data, as well as entities outside the package. In order to do so, it uses the widespread JSON format, representing Linked Data (JSON-LD), allowing to link to external information. This makes the format flexible and machine-readable. These packages are referred to as (RO-)crates. We developed the ro-crate-java library, which allows creating, modifying, and validating crates using the Java programming language. The focus of development was the ease of use: We aimed to make it intuitive and easy to create valid crates, without knowing the specification too well.
The sensitivity of the next generation of lunar Cherenkov observations to UHE neutrinos and cosmic rays
Creators: name: James, C. W.
name: Protheroe, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present simulation results for the detection of ultra-high energy (UHE) cosmic ray (CR) and neutrino interactions in the Moon by radio-telescopes. We simulate the expected radio signal at Earth from such interactions, expanding on previous work to include interactions in the sub-regolith layer for single dish and multiple telescope systems. For previous experiments at Parkes, Goldstone, and Kalyazin we recalculate the sensitivity to an isotropic flux of UHE neutrinos. Our predicted sensitivity for future experiments using the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) and the Australian SKA Pathfinder (ASKAP) indicate these instruments will be able to detect the more optimistic UHE neutrino flux predictions, while the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) will also be sensitive to all bar one prediction of a diffuse `cosmogenic', or `GZK', neutrino flux. Current uncertainties concerning the structure and roughness of the lunar surface prevents an accurate calculation of the sensitivity of the lunar Cherenkov technique for UHE cosmic ray astronomy at high frequencies. However, below 200 MHz we find that the proposed SKA low-frequency aperture array should be able to detect events above 56 EeV at a rate about 30 times that of the current Pierre Auger Observatory. This would allow directional analysis of UHE cosmic rays, and investigation of correlations with putative cosmic ray source populations, to be conducted with very high statistics.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures
Elicitation of a vocabulary for a language lesson
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-250314-05: Elicitation of vocabulary for a basic Hupa language lesson (numbers 1-3, 'rock/stick lies there', a few phrases for classroom interaction: 'stand up', 'sit down', 'repeat').
Auteurs grecs de Θρᾳκικά: questions autour d’histoires fragmentaires
Creators: name: Dana, Dan
name: Dana, Madalina
Publisher: name: Aristonothos. Scritti per il Mediterraneo antico
Year: 2015

description: Forthcoming.
description: Aristonothos. Scritti per il Mediterraneo antico, No 9 (2015): I Traci tra geografia e storia
Tailoring the viscoelasticity of polymer gels of gluten proteins through solvent quality
Creators: name: Costanzo, Salvatore
name: Banc, Amélie
name: Louhichi, Ameur
name: Chauveau, Edouard
name: Wu, Baohu
name: Morel, Marie-Hélène
name: Ramos, Laurence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the linear viscoelasticity of polymer gels produced by the dispersion of gluten proteins in water:ethanol binary mixtures with various ethanol contents, from pure water to 60% v/v ethanol. We show that the complex viscoelasticity of the gels exhibits a time/solvent composition superposition principle, demonstrating the self-similarity of the gels produced in different binary solvents. All gels can be regarded as near critical gels with characteristic rheological parameters, elastic plateau and characteristic relaxation time, which are related one to another, as a consequence of self-similarity, and span several orders of magnitude when changing the solvent composition. Thanks to calorimetry and neutron scattering experiments, we evidencea co-solvency effect with a better solvation of the complex polymer-like chains of the gluten proteins as the amount of ethanol increases. Overall the gel viscoelasticity can be accounted for by a unique characteristic length characterizing the crosslink density of the supramolecular network, which is solvent composition-dependent. On a molecular level, these findings could be interpreted as a transition of the supramolecular interactions, mainly H-bonds, from intra- to interchains, which would be facilitated by the disruption of hydrophobic interactions by ethanol molecules. This work provides new insight for tailoring the gelation process of complex polymer gels.
description: Macromolecules. In press 2020
The supernova Hubble diagram for off-center observers in a spherically symmetric inhomogeneous universe
Creators: name: Alnes, Havard
name: Amarzguioui, Morad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have previously shown that spherically symmetric, inhomogeneous universe models can explain both the supernova data and the location of the first peak in the CMB spectrum without resorting to dark energy. In this work, we investigate whether it is possible to get an even better fit to the supernova data by allowing the observer to be positioned away from the origin in the spherically symmetric coordinate system. In such a scenario, the observer sees an anisotropic relation between redshifts and the luminosity distances of supernovae. The level of anisotropy allowed by the data will then constrain how far away from the origin the observer can be located, and possibly even allow for a better fit. Our analysis shows that the fit is indeed improved, but not by a significant amount. Furthermore, it shows that the supernova data do not place a rigorous constraint on how far off-center the observer can be located.
description: 7 pages (REVTeX4), 5 figures
Distributed Sensor Localization in Random Environments using Minimal Number of Anchor Nodes
Creators: name: Khan, Usman A.
name: Kar, Soummya
name: Moura, Jose' M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The paper develops DILOC, a \emph{distributive}, \emph{iterative} algorithm that locates M sensors in $\mathbb{R}^m, m\geq 1$, with respect to a minimal number of m+1 anchors with known locations. The sensors exchange data with their neighbors only; no centralized data processing or communication occurs, nor is there centralized knowledge about the sensors' locations. DILOC uses the barycentric coordinates of a sensor with respect to its neighbors that are computed using the Cayley-Menger determinants. These are the determinants of matrices of inter-sensor distances. We show convergence of DILOC by associating with it an absorbing Markov chain whose absorbing states are the anchors. We introduce a stochastic approximation version extending DILOC to random environments when the knowledge about the intercommunications among sensors and the inter-sensor distances are noisy, and the communication links among neighbors fail at random times. We show a.s. convergence of the modified DILOC and characterize the error between the final estimates and the true values of the sensors' locations. Numerical studies illustrate DILOC under a variety of deterministic and random operating conditions.
description: 30 pages, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Selvagge e crudeli, femmine tracie nell’immaginario figurativo greco
Creators: name: Giacobello, Federica
Publisher: name: Aristonothos. Scritti per il Mediterraneo antico
Year: 2015

description: Fortchoming.
description: Aristonothos. Scritti per il Mediterraneo antico, No 9 (2015): I Traci tra geografia e storia
Chemical enrichment of the intracluster medium by FR II radio sources
Creators: name: Heath, David
name: Krause, Martin
name: Alexander, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 2D axisymmetric hydrodynamic simulations investigating the long term effect of FR II radio galaxies on the metal distribution of the surrounding intra-cluster medium (ICM). A light jet is injected into a cooling flow atmosphere for 10-30 Myr. We then follow the subsequent evolution for 3 Gyr on a spherical grid spanning 3 Mpc in radius. A series of passive tracer particles were placed in an annulus about the cluster core to simulate metal carrying clouds in order to calculate the metallicity (Z) as a function of time and radial distance from the cluster centre. The jet has a significant effect on the ICM over the entire 3 Gyr period. By the end of the simulations, the jets produced metallicities of ~10% of the initial metallicity of the cluster core throughout much of the cluster. The jets transport the metals not only in mixing regions, but also through upwelling ICM behind the jet, enriching the cluster over both long and short distances.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted by MNRAS. The definitive version (http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.11191.x) is available at www.blackwell.synergy.com. Updated this comment and the DOI for the revised version
Notes upon the distribution of spectacle fibula between Central Europe and Balkan Peninsula in the Late Bronze and beginnings of the Early Iron Age
Creators: name: Romano, Simone
name: Trefný, Martin
Publisher: name: Aristonothos. Scritti per il Mediterraneo antico
Year: 2015

description: Forthcoming.
description: Aristonothos. Scritti per il Mediterraneo antico, No 9 (2015): I Traci tra geografia e storia
The white lotus (nelumbo lucifera) decorated, silver jug from Naip in local context
Creators: name: Stoyanov, Totko
Publisher: name: Aristonothos. Scritti per il Mediterraneo antico
Year: 2015

description: Forthcoming.
description: Aristonothos. Scritti per il Mediterraneo antico, No 9 (2015): I Traci tra geografia e storia
Three essays on policy function assignment in a federation
Creators: name: Delage, Benoit
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The first essay explores the nature of the equilibria obtained when state governments conduct industrial policies to affect firms' location choices. The model differs from existing ones by considering industrial policy targeted at small firms. In a simple two-region, two-industry model with imperfection information, it is shown how regions attempt to attract firms from the neighbouring one, either by making cash or in-kind transfers. The model rationalizes the use of in-kind subsidies for incentive-compatibility reasons, even though they are valued less by firms than what they cost to provide. It allows to understand why regions with a smaller industrial base may pursue a more aggressive industrial policy. The model sheds some light on which industries are likely to be targeted by industrial policy, and how the means of income transfers could be selected. The objective of the second paper is to determine under which circumstances an industrial policy that seeks to increase the number of new technologically-based firms in the economy is best assigned to the central or regional governments in a federation. Even though a decentralized industrial policy may be more flexible, it has the drawback that regions compete against each other to acquire successful firms. Because this margin is closed to a central government, it is likely to achieve a better outcome even if operating under "uniformity" constraints. The public policy implication is that this type of industrial policy should be transferred to the federal government. The third essay presents a new rationale for intergovernmental grants in a federation that arises strictly from the income redistribution concerns of the federal government. The central government seeks to redistribute income across agents, and behaves as a Stackelberg leader with respect to regional governments. Intergovernmental grants are needed to effect income redistribution while maintaining appropriate expenditure levels. Differentiated grants allow in some circumstances to implement a "third-best" solution when nominal prices differ across regions. They allow the federal government to affect provincial tax rate and public good provision, thus complementing the income redistribution done directly through the federal income tax system.
Elementary divisors of the Shapovalov form on the basic representation of Kac-Moody algebras
Creators: name: Hill, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B67; 20G05

description: We provide an algorithm to calculate the invariant factors of the Shapovalov form on the standard $\Z$-lattice inside the basic representation of a Kac-Moody algebra of $ADE$ type, and give explicit formulae in some cases. The techniques developed reduce the problem to finding the invariant factors of a family of bilinear forms on the ring of symmetric functions, having Jack's symmetric functions as an orthonormal basis. These results have applications to the representation theory of Iwahori-Hecke algebras at roots of unity and the modular representation theory of symmetric groups.
Dark energy and moduli stabilization of extra dimensions in M^{1+3}xT^2 spacetime
Creators: name: Burikham, P.
name: Chatrabhuti, A.
name: Patcharamaneepakorn, P.
name: Pimsamarn, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, it was found by Greene and Levin that the Casimir energy of certain combinations of massless and massive fields in space with extra dimensions play a crucial role in the accelerated expansion of the late-time universe and therefore it could serve as a candidate for the dark energy. It also provides a mechanism in stabilizing the volume moduli of extra dimensions. However, the shape moduli of the extra dimensions were never taken into account in the previous work. We therefore study the stabilization mechanism for both volume and shape moduli due to the Casimir energy in ${\mathbb M}^{1+3} \times {\mathbb T}^{2}$. The result of our study shows that the previously known local minimum is a saddle point. It is unstable to the perturbations in the direction of the shape moduli. The new stable local minima stabilizes all the moduli and drives the accelerating expansion of the universe. The cosmological dynamics both in the bulk and the radion pictures are derived and simulated. The equations of state for the Casimir energy in a general torus are derived. Shear viscosity in extra dimensions induced by the Casimir density in the late times is identified and calculated, it is found to be proportional to the Hubble constant.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures, references added
Prediction of Leakage Current and Depletion Voltage in Silicon Detectors under Extra-Terrestrial Radiation Conditions
Creators: name: Grummer, Aidan
name: Hoeferkamp, Martin R.
name: Seidel, Sally
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silicon detection is a mature technology for registering the passage of charged particles. At the same time it continues to evolve toward increasing radiation tolerance as well as precision and adaptability. For these reasons it is likely to remain a critical element of detection systems associated with extra-terrestrial exploration. Silicon sensor leakage current and depletion voltage depend upon the integrated fluence received by the sensor, and upon its thermal history during and after the irradiation process. For minimal assumptions on shielding and hence on particle energy spectrum, and using published data on Martian ground temperature, we predict the leakage current density and the depletion voltage, as a function of time, of silicon sensors deployed continuously on the Mars surface for a duration of up to 28 Earth-years, for several sensor geometries and a worst-case temperature scenario.
Command line arguments from Single individual structural variant detection uncovers widespread hemizygosity in molluscs
Creators: name: Calcino, Andrew D.
name: Kenny, Nathan J.
name: Gerdol, Marco
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: All commands used to run analyses in the command line (.txt)
Rough translation of file 023_B (collection LA 256)
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-250314-04: Rough translation (minute-by-minute) of file 023_B (tape 023, side B) from LA 256 (collection of recordings given to the Berkeley Language Center by Verdena), from 23:05 to the end of the file; no transcription in this session, translation only. Due to re-numbering, tape 023_B has been assigned to the CLA item number LA256.023, audio file LA256.023B.
Cost shifting : an Australian perspective
Creators: name: Hardy, Robyn Mary
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: H97.H37 2011
subject: Political planning Economic aspects
subject: Australia Politics and government

description: This is a study about cost shifting and how it might be more precisely defined and explained. Cost shifting is essentially a public policy issue, although it can and does occur between private sector agents. Cost shifting has been variously defined by academics and practitioners, however, the definitions to date mix cost shifting with cost sharing and subsidisation. Mostly they mention the transfer of costs from one level of government to another through direct or indirect action. The definitions to date concentrate on a few claimed causal factors such as unclear roles and responsibilities in government, multiple tiers of governance, and budget maximising behaviour. These are not satisfactory explanations because they do not provide sufficient depth of analysis about the parties to cost shifting, the drivers nor the policy conditions in which cost shifting transactions take place in Australia. Despite the numerous claims made by government actors in Australia about cost shifting to and from other governments, it is usually not recognised as a significant policy issue; although it is regarded as contentious. Where it is recognised as an issue, it is addressed through the application of rules of funding and inter-governmental agreements. Cost shifting is closely associated with government and policy power and inter-governmental power relationships. This thesis suggests that cost shifting begs further analysis because it continues to be regularly raised as a public policy issue. The exact quantum of cost shifting is unknown, but the Australian Local Government Association would argue that it is in the order of $1 billion per annum in terms of cost shifting to local government from higher levels of government - Commonwealth and state (House of Representatives, 2003). Even if this is remotely accurate, this is not an inconsiderable sum. The contribution of this thesis is a better definition of cost shifting. Direct and indirect, deliberate and unintentional cost shifting are all examined in this study. Three case studies are provided to demonstrate different facets of cost shifting in Australia. These explorations will show the original contribution of this thesis in providing a deeper definition and a more comprehensive explanation of the sites and scope of cost shifting in Australia.
Higher dimensional formal loop spaces
Creators: name: Hennion, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: If $M$ is a symplectic manifold then the space of smooth loops $\mathrm C^{\infty}(\mathrm S^1,M)$ inherits of a quasi-symplectic form. We will focus in this article on an algebraic analogue of that result. In 2004, Kapranov and Vasserot introduced and studied the formal loop space of a scheme $X$. We generalize their construction to higher dimensional loops. To any scheme $X$ -- not necessarily smooth -- we associate $\mathcal L^d(X)$, the space of loops of dimension $d$. We prove it has a structure of (derived) Tate scheme -- ie its tangent is a Tate module: it is infinite dimensional but behaves nicely enough regarding duality. We also define the bubble space $\mathcal B^d(X)$, a variation of the loop space. We prove that $\mathcal B^d(X)$ is endowed with a natural symplectic form as soon as $X$ has one (in the sense of [PTVV]). Throughout this paper, we will use the tools of $(\infty,1)$-categories and symplectic derived algebraic geometry.
description: Preprint from 2015, extracted from the author's PhD thesis arXiv:1412.0053
Supplementary Figures from Single individual structural variant detection uncovers widespread hemizygosity in molluscs
Creators: name: Calcino, Andrew D.
name: Kenny, Nathan J.
name: Gerdol, Marco
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: Supplementary Figure (.pdf)
Berry Curvature in Graphene: A New Approach
Creators: name: Gosselin, Pierre
name: Bérard, Alain
name: Mohrbach, Hervé
name: Ghosh, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper we have directly computed the Berry curvature terms relevant for Graphene in the presence of an \textit{inhomogeneous} lattice distortion. We have employed the generalized Foldy Wouthuysen framework, developed by some of us \cite{ber0,ber1,ber2}. We show that a non-constant lattice distortion leads to a valley-orbit coupling which is responsible to a valley-Hall effect. This is similar to the valley-Hall effect induced by an electric field proposed in \cite{niu2} and is the analogue of the spin-Hall effect in semiconductors \cite{MURAKAMI, SINOVA}. Our general expressions for Berry curvature, for the special case of homogeneous distortion, reduce to the previously obtained results \cite{niu2}. We also discuss the Berry phase in the quantization of cyclotron motion.
description: Slightly modified version, to appear in EPJC
Orientational glass transition in C_60
Creators: name: Schelkacheva, T. I.
name: Tareyeva, E. E.
name: Chtchelkatchev, N. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a model for qualitative description of the orientational glass transition in C_60 on the spin-glass theory basis. The physical origin of the frustration and the disorder is discussed.
description: Also available at: http://link.aps.org/abstract/PRB/v76/e195408
Standard and inverse site percolation of straight rigid rods on triangular lattices: Isotropic and nematic deposition/removal
Creators: name: Ramirez, L. S.
name: Pasinetti, P. M.
name: Lebrecht, W.
name: Ramirez-Pastor, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical simulations and finite-size scaling analysis have been carried out to study standard and inverse percolation of straight rigid rods on triangular lattices. In the case of standard (inverse) percolation, the lattice is initially empty(occupied) and linear $k$-mers ($k$ linear consecutive sites) are randomly and sequentially deposited on(removed from) the lattice, considering an isotropic and nematic scheme. The study is conducted by following the behavior of four critical concentrations with the size $k$, determined for a wide range of $k$ : $(i)$[$(ii)$] standard isotropic[nematic] percolation threshold $θ_{c,k}$[$\vartheta_{c,k}$], and $(iii)$[$(iv)$] inverse isotropic[nematic] percolation threshold $θ^i_{c,k}$[$\vartheta^i_{c,k}$]. The obtained results indicate that: $(1)$ $θ_{c,k}$[$θ^i_{c,k}$] exhibits a non-monotonous dependence with $k$. It decreases[increases], goes through a minimum[maximum] around $k = 11$, then increases and asymptotically converges towards a definite value for large $k$ $θ_{c,k \rightarrow \infty}=0.500(2)$[$θ^i_{c,k \rightarrow \infty}=0.500(1)$]; $(2)$ $\vartheta_{c,k}$[$\vartheta^i_{c,k}$] rapidly increases[decreases] and asymptotically converges towards a definite value for infinitely long $k$-mers $\vartheta_{c,k \rightarrow \infty}=0.5334(6)$[$\vartheta^i_{c,k \rightarrow \infty}=0.4666(6)$]; $(3)$ for both models, the curves of standard and inverse percolation thresholds are symmetric with respect to $θ= 0.5$. Thus, a complementary property is found $θ_{c,k} + θ^i_{c,k} = 1$ (and $\vartheta_{c,k} + \vartheta^i_{c,k} = 1$), which has not been observed in other regular lattices. This condition is analytically validated by using exact enumeration of configurations for small systems; and $(4)$ in all cases, the model presents percolation transition for the whole range of $k$.
Collisions and compositional variability in chondrule-forming events
Creators: name: Jacquet, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compound chondrules, i.e. chondrules fused together, make a powerful probe of the density and compositional diversity in chondrule-forming environments, but their abundance among the dominating porphyritic textures may have been drastically underestimated. I report herein microscopic observations and LA-ICP-MS analyses of lobate chondrules in the CO3 chondrites Miller Range 07193 and 07342. Lobes in a given chondrule show correlated volatile and moderately volatile element abundances but refractory element concentrations are essentially independent. This indicates that they formed by the collision of preexisting droplets whose refractory elements behaved in closed system, while their more volatile elements were buffered by the same gaseous medium. The presence of lobes would otherwise be difficult to explain, as surface tension should have rapidly imposed a spherical shape at the temperature peak. In fact, since most chondrules across chondrite groups are nonspherical, a majority are probably compounds variously relaxed toward sphericity. The lack of correlation of refractory elements between conjoined compound chondrule components is inconsistent with derivation of chondrules from the disruption of homogenized melt bodies as in impact scenarios and evokes rather the melting of independent mm-size nebular aggregates. Yet a "nebular" setting for chondrule formation would need to involve not only increased solid concentration, e.g. by settling to the midplane, but also a boost in relative velocities between droplets during chondrule-forming events to account for observed compound chondrule frequencies .
description: 50 pages, 12 figures
Neutron- and muon-induced background in underground physics experiments
Creators: name: Kudryavtsev, V. A.
name: Pandola, L.
name: Tomasello, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background induced by neutrons in deep underground laboratories is a critical issue for all experiments looking for rare events, such as dark matter interactions or neutrinoless 2-beta decay. Neutrons can be produced either by natural radioactivity, via spontaneous fission or (alpha,n) reactions, or by interactions initiated by high-energy cosmic rays. In all underground experiments, Monte Carlo simulations of neutron background play a crucial role for the evaluation of the total background rate and for the optimization of rejection strategies. The Monte Carlo methods that are commonly employed to evaluate neutron-induced background and to optimize the experimental setup, are reviewed and discussed. Focus is given to the issue of reliability of Monte Carlo background estimates.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures. Presented in the IV ILIAS Annual Meeting. Accepted for publication on EPJ A
Elicitation of vocabulary from Goddard's "Hupa Texts"
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-250314-03: Elicitation of vocabulary from Goddard's volume "Hupa Texts" (University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology vol. 1, no. 2, 1904).
Extended material and methods from Whole-genome re-sequencing data to infer historical demography and speciation processes in land snails: the study of two Candidula sister species
Creators: name: Chueca, Luis J.
name: Schell, Tilman
name: Pfenninger, Markus
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: Despite the global biodiversity of terrestrial gastropods and their ecological and economic importance, the genomic basis of ecological adaptation and speciation in land snail taxa is still largely unknown. Here, we combined whole-genome re-sequencing with population genomics to evaluate the historical demography and the speciation process of two closely related species of land snails from western Europe, Candidula unifasciata and C. rugosiuscula. Historical demographic analysis indicated fluctuations in the size of ancestral populations, probably driven by Pleistocene climatic fluctuations. Although the current population distributions of both species do not overlap, our approximate Bayesian computation model selection approach on several speciation scenarios suggested that gene flow has occurred throughout the divergence process until recently. Positively selected genes diverging early in the process were associated with intragenomic and cyto-nuclear incompatibilities, respectively, potentially fostering reproductive isolation as well as ecological divergence. Our results suggested that the speciation between species entail complex processes involving both gene flow and ecological speciation, and that further research based on whole-genome data can provide valuable understanding on species divergence.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Molluscan genomics: broad insights and future directions for a neglected phylum’.
Effects of density imbalance on the BCS-BEC crossover in semiconductor electron-hole bilayers
Creators: name: Pieri, P.
name: Neilson, D.
name: Strinati, G. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the occurrence of excitonic superfluidity in electron-hole bilayers at zero temperature. We not only identify the crossover in the phase diagram from the BCS limit of overlapping pairs to the BEC limit of non-overlapping tightly-bound pairs but also, by varying the electron and hole densities independently, we can analyze a number of phases that occur mainly in the crossover region. With different electron and hole effective masses, the phase diagram is asymmetric with respect to excess electron or hole densities. We propose as the criterion for the onset of superfluidity, the jump of the electron and hole chemical potentials when their densities cross.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Pressure-induced huge increase of Curie temperature of the van der Waals ferromagnet VI3
Creators: name: Valenta, J.
name: Kratochvílová, M.
name: Míšek, M.
name: Carva, K.
name: Kaštil, J.
name: Doležal, P.
name: Opletal, P.
name: Čermák, P.
name: Proschek, P.
name: Uhlířová, K.
name: Prchal, J.
name: Coak, M. J.
name: Son, S.
name: Park, J-G.
name: Sechovský, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evolution of magnetism in single crystals of the van der Waals compound VI3 in external pressure up to 7.3 GPa studied by measuring magnetization and ac magnetic susceptibility is reported. Four magnetic phase transitions, at T1 = 54.5 K, T2 = 53 K, TC = 49.5 K, and TFM = 26 K, respectively have been observed at ambient pressure. The first two have been attributed to the onset of ferromagnetism in specific crystal-surface layers. The bulk ferromagnetism is characterized by the magnetic ordering transition at Curie temperature TC and the transition between two different ferromagnetic phases TFM, accompanied by a structure transition from monoclinic to triclinic symmetry upon cooling. The pressure effects on magnetic parameters were studied with three independent techniques. TC was found to be almost unaffected by pressures up to 0.6 GPa whereas TFM increases rapidly with increasing pressure and reaches TC at a triple point at ~ 0.85 GPa. At higher pressures, only one magnetic phase transition is observed moving to higher temperatures with increasing pressure to reach 99 K at 7.3 GPa. In contrast, the low-temperature bulk magnetization is dramatically reduced by applying pressure (by more than 50% at 2.5 GPa) suggesting a possible pressure-induced reduction of vanadium magnetic moment. We discussed these results in light of recent theoretical studies to analyze exchange interactions and provide how to increase the Curie temperature of VI3.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures
Simulations of multi-phase turbulence in jet cocoons
Creators: name: Krause, Martin
name: Alexander, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction of optically emitting clouds with warm X-ray gas and hot, tenuous radio plasma in radio jet cocoons is modelled by 2D compressible hydrodynamic simulations. The initial setup is the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability at a contact surface of density contrast 10,000. The denser medium contains clouds of higher density. Optically thin radiation is realised via a cooling source term. The cool phase effectively extracts energy from the other gas which is both, radiated away and used for acceleration of the cold phase. This increases the system's cooling rate substantially and leads to a massively amplified cold mass dropout. We show that it is feasible, given small seed clouds of order 100 solar masses, that all of the optically emitting gas in a radio jet cocoon may be produced by this mechanism on the propagation timescale of the jet. The mass is generally distributed as T^-1/2 with temperature, with a prominent peak at 14,000 K. This peak is likely to be related to the counteracting effects of shock heating and a strong rise in the cooling function. The volume filling factor of cold gas in this peak is of the order 10^-5 to 10^-3 and generally increases during the simulation time. The simulations tend towards an isotropic scale free Kolmogorov-type energy spectrum over the simulation timescale. We find the same Mach-number density relation as Kritsuk & Norman (2004) and show that this relation may explain the velocity widths of emission lines associated with high redshift radio galaxies, if the environmental temperature is lower, or the jet-ambient density ratio is less extreme than in their low redshift counterparts.
description: 16 pages, 16 figures, accepted by MNRAS, power and energy spectrum part (sect. 4.4 Fig. 6 and corresponding part of the abstract) changed. The definitive version is available at http://www.blackwell.synergy.com
Splitting a Hybrid ASP Program
Creators: name: Brik, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.4

description: Hybrid Answer Set Programming (Hybrid ASP) is an extension of Answer Set Programming (ASP) that allows ASP-like rules to interact with outside sources. The Splitting Set Theorem is an important and extensively used result for ASP. The paper introduces the Splitting Set Theorem for Hybrid ASP, which is for Hybrid ASP the equivalent of the Splitting Set Theorem, and shows how it can be applied to simplify computing answer sets for Hybrid ASP programs most relevant for practical applications.
description: In Proceedings ICLP 2020, arXiv:2009.09158