cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Assessing Crop Response to Zinc Fertilization: a Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Zewdneh, Zana Zate
name: Bikila, Olika Fufa
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2020

description: Several studies on effects of Zinc fertilization on cereals yield and their Zinc content on soils with various soil properties and using different Zn fertilization strategies have been conducted. Nevertheless, studies that summarized the studies in the form of meta-analysis as to what extent the crop Zn content and grain yield could be improved as result of Zn fertilization were limited. Hence, the objective of this study was to evaluate the response of cereal crops to Zinc fertilization across selected soil properties and Zinc fertilization startegies from large number of published studies through a meta-analysis. Fourty-two field experiments, from 27 peer-reviewed published articles were included in the analysis. MetaWin v 2.1 was used for the analysis and effect sizes estimated by using the natural logarithm of response ratio method. Cumulative analyses of each study showed a positive and significant effect of Zn fertilization over no Zn fertilization on Zn content and grain yield of agricultural crops. The average Zn content and grain yield of crops across studies is found to be 12.6; 20.4 mg/kg, and 3526; 4370kg/ha, respectively for no Zn vs Zn applied treatments; corresponding to approx. 62% and 24% increase in Zn content and grain yield as result of Zn application. In general, in Zn deficient areas, Zn biofortification through Zn fertilization of the soils can be used to improve crop Zn content and grain yield significantly. Moreover, other factors such as application methods, soil pH, SOM, and P should be managed integratively for successful Zinc biofortification.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020)
The merit factor of binary arrays derived from the quadratic character
Creators: name: Schmidt, Kai-Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94A55, 68P30

description: We calculate the asymptotic merit factor, under all cyclic rotations of rows and columns, of two families of binary two-dimensional arrays derived from the quadratic character. The arrays in these families have size p x q, where p and q are not necessarily distinct odd primes, and can be considered as two-dimensional generalisations of a Legendre sequence. The asymptotic values of the merit factor of the two families are generally different, although the maximum asymptotic merit factor, taken over all cyclic rotations of rows and columns, equals 36/13 for both families. These are the first non-trivial theoretical results for the asymptotic merit factor of families of truly two-dimensional binary arrays.
description: minor corrections
Optimal Breast Feeding Practice and Associated Factors among Mothers of Children aged 6-23 months in Dandi District, West Shewa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Taye, Kefyalew
name: Belay, Gutu
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2020

description: Optimal feeding of infants and young children means exclusive breastfeeding from birth to about six months, followed by an introduction of complementary foods drawn from the local diet at about six months. However, the status of optimum breastfeeding practice in low-income countries like Ethiopia varies from place to place. The aim of this study was to assess optimum breastfeeding practice and associated factors among mothers of children aged 6-23 months in the study area. The study was conducted at Ginchi Town, Dandi District, West Shoa Zone Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June 1-10, 2018 G.C. Systematic random sampling followed by a Simple random sampling technique was used to reach a study subject. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data were coded and entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 21 for further analyses. Binary logistic regression was used to check the association between dependent and independent variables. In multivariate logistic regression, those variables with a p-value of less than 0.05 were selected as factors associated with optimal breastfeeding. A total of 216 mothers of children aged 6-23months were voluntarily responded, making a response rate of 100%. This study found that 81.9% of mothers have practiced optimum breastfeeding practice. There was a significant association between monthly income and optimum breastfeeding. Mothers who had a monthly income of greater than >1000birr were less likely to practice optimum breastfeeding as compared to mothers who had a monthly income of <500birr (AOR = 0.332, 95% CI: 0.122 - 0.901, p-value < 0.05). Optimum breastfeeding practice among the study subjects in the study area was below widely accepted "Universal coverage" of 90%. Therefore the town and district Health office should work to enhance optimum breastfeeding practice.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020)
Observation of high coherence in Josephson junction qubits measured in a three-dimensional circuit QED architecture
Creators: name: Paik, Hanhee
name: Schuster, D. I.
name: Bishop, Lev S.
name: Kirchmair, G.
name: Catelani, G.
name: Sears, A. P.
name: Johnson, B. R.
name: Reagor, M. J.
name: Frunzio, L.
name: Glazman, L.
name: Girvin, S. M.
name: Devoret, M. H.
name: Schoelkopf, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting quantum circuits based on Josephson junctions have made rapid progress in demonstrating quantum behavior and scalability. However, the future prospects ultimately depend upon the intrinsic coherence of Josephson junctions, and whether superconducting qubits can be adequately isolated from their environment. We introduce a new architecture for superconducting quantum circuits employing a three dimensional resonator that suppresses qubit decoherence while maintaining sufficient coupling to the control signal. With the new architecture, we demonstrate that Josephson junction qubits are highly coherent, with $T_2 \sim 10 μ$s to $20 μ$s without the use of spin echo, and highly stable, showing no evidence for $1/f$ critical current noise. These results suggest that the overall quality of Josephson junctions in these qubits will allow error rates of a few $10^{-4}$, approaching the error correction threshold.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Accepted to Phys. Rev. Lett
GeV Particle Acceleration in Solar Flares and Ground Level Enhancement (GLE) Events
Creators: name: Aschwanden, Markus J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: {\sl Ground Level Enhancement (GLE)} events represent the largest class of {\sl solar energetic particle (SEP)} events that require acceleration processes to produce $\gapprox 1$ GeV ions in order to produce showers of secondary particles in the Earth's atmosphere with sufficient intensity to be detected by ground-level neutron monitors, above the background of cosmics rays. Although the association of GLE events with both solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is undisputed, the question arises about the location of the responsible acceleration site: coronal flare sites or heliospheric CME-associated shocks? To investigate the first possibility we explore the timing of GLE events with respect to hard X-ray production in solar flares, considering the height and magnetic topology of flares, the role of extended acceleration, and particle trapping. We find that 50% (6 out of 12) of recent (non-occulted) GLE events are accelerated during the impulsive flare phase, while the remaining half are accelerated significantly later. It appears that the prompt GLE component, which is observed in virtually all GLE events, is caused by flare-accelerated particles in the lower corona, while the delayed gradual GLE component can be produced by both, either by extended acceleration and/or trapping in flare sites, or by particles accelerated in CME-associated shocks during their propagation through the heliosphere.
description: 8 Figures, 3 Tables, subm. to SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS, Topical Issue on GLE, accepted 2011 December 20; in press
Additional file 1 of Mapping and modeling the genomic basis of differential RNA isoform expression at single-cell resolution with LR-Split-seq
Creators: name: Rebboah, Elisabeth
name: Reese, Fairlie
name: Williams, Katherine
name: Balderrama-Gutierrez, Gabriela
name: McGill, Cassandra
name: Trout, Diane
name: Rodriguez, Isaryhia
name: Liang, Heidi
name: Wold, Barbara J.
name: Mortazavi, Ali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1:. Fig. S1-S8.
s-wave Cooper pair insulators and theory of correlated superconductors
Creators: name: Nikolic, Predrag
name: Tesanovic, Zlatko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pseudogap state of cuprate high-temperature superconductors has been often viewed as either a yet unknown competing order or a precursor state to superconductivity. While awaiting the resolution of the pseudogap problem in cuprates, we demonstrate that local pairing fluctuations, vortex liquid dynamics and other precursor phenomena can emerge quite generally whenever fermionic excitations remain gapped across the superconducting transition, regardless of the gap origin. Our choice of a tractable model is a lattice band insulator with short-range attractive interactions between fermions in the s-wave channel. An effective crossover between Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) and Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) regimes can be identified in any band insulator above two dimensions, while in two dimensions only the BEC regime exists. The superconducting transition is "unconventional" (non-pair-breaking) in the BEC regime, identified by either the bosonic mean-field or XY universality class. The insulator adjacent to the superconductor in the BEC regime is a bosonic Mott insulator of Cooper pairs, which may be susceptible to charge density wave ordering. We construct a function of the many-body excitation spectrum whose non-analytic changes define a sharp distinction between band and Mott insulators. The corresponding "second order transition" can be observed out of equilibrium by driving a Cooper pair laser in the Mott insulator. We explicitly show that the gap for charged bosonic excitations lies below the threshold for Cooper pair breakup in any BEC regime, despite quantum fluctuations. Our discussion ends with a view of possible consequences for cuprates, where antinodal pair dynamics has certain features in common with our simple s-wave picture.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, published version
Was a cloud-cloud collision the trigger of the recent star formation in Serpens?
Creators: name: Duarte-Cabral, A.
name: Dobbs, C. L.
name: Peretto, N.
name: Fuller, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The complexity of the ISM is such that it is unlikely that star formation is initiated in the same way in all molecular clouds. While some clouds seem to collapse on their own, others may be triggered by an external event such as a cloud/flow collision forming a gravitationally unstable enhanced density layer. This work tests cloud-cloud collisions as the triggering mechanism for star formation in the Serpens Main Cluster as has been suggested by previous work. A set of smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations of the collision between two cylindrical clouds are performed and compared to (sub)millimetre observations of the Serpens Main Cluster. A configuration has been found which reproduces many of the observed characteristics of Serpens, including some of the main features of the peculiar velocity field. The evolution of the velocity with position throughout the model is similar to that observed and the column density and masses within the modeled cloud agree with those measured for the SE sub-cluster. Furthermore, our results also show that an asymmetric collision provides the ingredients to reproduce lower density filaments perpendicular to the main structure, similar to those observed. In this scenario, the formation of the NW sub-cluster of Serpens can be reproduced only if there is a pre-existing marginally gravitationally unstable region at the time the collision occurs. This work supports the interpretation that a collision between two clouds may have been the trigger of the most recent burst of star formation in Serpens. It not only explains the complicated velocity structure seen in the region, but also the temperature differences between the north (in "isolated" collapse) and the south (resulting from the shock between the clouds). In addition it provides an explanation for the sources in the south having a larger spread in age than those in the north.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Communicating Local Economic Development Approach for Poverty Alleviation in Ambo Town, West Shewa, Oromia, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Tulu, Mengistu
name: Abebe, Workneh
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2020

description: Local Economic development as approach to development is a prominent strategy to tackle unemployment and poverty in urban areas. Thus, the objective of the study was to assess and communicate the extent to which municipal Local Economic development initiatives contribute towards improving the livelihood of communities in Ambo Town for sustainable local economic development. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods were employed in this study. Accordingly, data were collected from 152 participants through questionnaire, interview and observation; and analyzed using descriptive statistics, content analysis and description. The study revealed that local economic development has had a marginal impact on poverty alleviation due to a myriad of factors which reinforce and interact with each other thereby trapping entrepreneurs and residents in poverty. Local economic development approach, in most cases, to the development project planning and decision makings are in top-down which do not target all the segments of the poor in a meaningful way. Local economic development serves as an important strategy to boost local economies to address the high levels of poverty, unemployment and inequalities facing majority population. Participatory development process is crucial to properly translate the local economic development policy into meaningful practice so that there is a significant impact on alleviating poverty program.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 8 No. 2 (2020)
Supplementary document for Mueller Polarimetric Imaging as a new tool for detecting the effect of Non-Thermal Plasma treatment on the skin - 6289649.pdf
Creators: name: Yang, Hang
name: Liu, Bo
name: Park, Junha
name: blaise, Océane
name: Duchesne, Constance
name: Honnorat, Bruno
name: Vizet, Jérémy
name: Rousseau, Antoine
name: Pierangelo, Angelo
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Suplementary material
mnl.2020.0165.pdf
Creators: name: Tabar Maleki, Sajjad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Environmental Chemistry

description: The Fe3O4 nanoparticles and Fe3O4/Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were synthesised by the co-precipitation method and Fe3O4/HNTs/ polypyrrole (PPy) nanocomposites were synthesised by in situ polymerisation of pyrrole monomers on the surface of the Fe3O4/HNTs.
The scanning electron microscopy images showed the uniform structure of nanocomposites. The Fourier transform infrared spectra revealed the characteristic peaks of Halloysite and PPy. The Fe3O4/HNTs/PPy nanocomposite exhibits a saturated magnetisation of 6.7 emu/g. The microwave absorption properties of Fe3O4/HNTs/PPy nanocomposites were investigated in the 8–12 GHz (X-band) range.
The value of the minimum reflection loss was obtained - 26.2 dB at 11 GHz for the 3 mm thickness nanocomposite. The results showed the absorbing bandwidth below - 10 dB was broadened to 2.3 GHz.
Power-Law Entropy Corrected Holographic Dark Energy Model
Creators: name: Sheykhi, Ahmad
name: Jamil, Mubasher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among various scenarios to explain the acceleration of the universe expansion, the holographic dark energy (HDE) model has got a lot of enthusiasm recently. In the derivation of holographic energy density, the area relation of the black hole entropy plays a crucial role. Indeed, the power-law corrections to entropy appear in dealing with the entanglement of quantum fields in and out the horizon. Inspired by the power-law corrected entropy, we propose the so-called "power-law entropy-corrected holographic dark energy" (PLECHDE) in this Letter. We investigate the cosmological implications of this model and calculate some relevant cosmological parameters and their evolution. We also briefly study the so-called "power-law entropy-corrected agegraphic dark energy" (PLECADE).
description: 6 pages, accepted for publication in Gen. Relativ. Grav
In vitro Plantlet Regeneration from Nodal Explants of Anchote [Coccinia abyssinica (Lam.) Cong.] Genotypes
Creators: name: Solomon, Abate Sisay
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2020

description: In vitro plantlet regeneration experiment using nodal explants in KUWE (G1) and 223098 (G2) genotypes of anchote was conducted by regulating plant growth regulators and nutrient-strength of Murashige and Skoog media. Shoot development was evaluated on media supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of 6-Benzylamimopurine and Kinetin. Root formation was assessed on full and half nutrient-strength media, each with various concentrations of Indol Butyric Acid. Multiple shoots in G1 (4.85) and G2 (5.65) along with 100% induction frequency were obtained at 0.5 mg/L 6-Benzylamimopurine alone and 1mg/L 6-Benzylamimopurine + 0.25 mg/L Kinetin, respectively. Long shoots in both G1 (6.57 cm) and G2 (5.92 cm) was obtained on hormone free medium. Full and half nutrient-strength media without hormone were capable of producing 100% root formation in G1 and G2, respectively. Maximum root numbers in G1 (22.97) and G2 (17.6) were obtained on full nutrient-strength media with 0.25 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L Indol Butyric Acid, respectively. Long roots in G1 (8.02 cm) and G2 (7.07 cm) were recorded from hormone free full nutrient-strength media. Roots developed on hormone free media exhibited normal morphological appearance. After four weeks of acclimatization, plantlets of 76% in G1 and 79% in G2 were survived. In general, plantlet regeneration from nodal explants of both genotypes of anchote has been successfully achieved and the procedures could be applied for in vitro production of propagation materials of the respective genotypes.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020)
Simultaneous communication in noisy channels
Creators: name: Weinstein, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A sender wishes to broadcast a message of length $n$ over an alphabet to $r$ users, where each user $i$, $1 \leq i \leq r$ should be able to receive one of $m_i$ possible messages. The broadcast channel has noise for each of the users (possibly different noise for different users), who cannot distinguish between some pairs of letters. The vector $(m_1, m_2,...s, m_r)_{(n)}$ is said to be feasible if length $n$ encoding and decoding schemes exist enabling every user to decode his message. A rate vector $(R_1, R_2,..., R_r)$ is feasible if there exists a sequence of feasible vectors $(m_1, m_2,..., m_r)_{(n)}$ such that $R_i = \lim_{n \mapsto \infty} \frac {\log_2 m_i} {n}, {for all} i$. We determine the feasible rate vectors for several different scenarios and investigate some of their properties. An interesting case discussed is when one user can only distinguish between all the letters in a subset of the alphabet. Tight restrictions on the feasible rate vectors for some specific noise types for the other users are provided. The simplest non-trivial cases of two users and alphabet of size three are fully characterized. To this end a more general previously known result, to which we sketch an alternative proof, is used. This problem generalizes the study of the Shannon capacity of a graph, by considering more than a single user.
Optimization of electrochemical microfluidic biosensor design for point of care devices
Creators: name: Rellstab Sánchez, Pamela Inés
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: Over the last decade, there has been an ever-increasing interest in microfluidic biosensors in the biomedical sector, especially for diagnosing infectious diseases. These are still one of the top ten causes of mortality around the world and for regions with limited resources where mortality rates are the highest, it is imperative to provide an on-site diagnosis. With early diagnosis, accurate treatments are possible, which can help contain and prevent disease outbreaks. However, there are still several challenges that need to be addressed to develop accurate and sensitive Point of Care (POC) detection devices. Improvements in sample processing, flow manipulation and signal amplification can support powerful emerging technologies for the development of fast, inexpensive, portable, easy-to-use and sensitive diagnostic devices. For the purpose of miniaturization, simple instrumentation, low production cost, and rapid response coupled with high sensitivity/selectivity, microfluidic DNA biosensors with an electrochemical transducer have shown great promise. This thesis focuses on experiments that aim to optimize three design aspects of an electrochemical microfluidic biosensor to improve its applicability: 1) flow cell geometry, 2) flow rate and 3) electrohydrodynamic mixing. Numerical simulations were carried out to model the fluid and particle behavior inside the detection cell. Understanding these flow characteristics led to the development of a new geometry providing uniform distribution of the sample flow across the detection area for increasing the biosensor’s efficiency. In addition, the identification of an optimal flow rate was required to analyze a higher sample volume. To achieve this, the binding efficiency of Streptavidin and Methylene Blue-Biotin was compared at five different flow rates with Square Wave Voltammetry. This resulted in finding an alternate flow rate that could increase the volume sample without sacrificing the selectivity/sensitivity of the detection technology. Lastly, a microdevice was fabricated to test the interaction between the electrostatic field and negatively charged polystyrene particles of different diameters. An electrohydrodynamic effect was observed in all samples, which can be utilized as an effective mixing technique. Overall, the results from the three design aspects could serve as a starting point to continue the optimization of electrochemical microfluidic biosensors and facilitate POC detection.
Dual cascade and its possible variations in magnetized kinetic plasma turbulence
Creators: name: Zhu, Jian-Zhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrostatic gyrokinetic absolute equilibria with continuum velocity field are obtained through the partition function and through the Green function of the functional integral. The new results justify and explain the prescription for quantization/discretization or taking the continuum limit of velocity. The mistakes in the Appendix D of our earlier work [J.-Z. Zhu and G. W. Hammett, Phys. Plasmas {\bf 17}, 122307 (2010)] are explained and corrected. If the lattice spacing for discretizing velocity is big enough, all the invariants could concentrate at the lowest Fourier modes in a negative-temperature state, which might indicate a possible variation of the dual cascade picture in two-dimension magnetized plasma turbulence.
description: the typos in the version published on PoP corrected: "A factor of 2^N" in the line above Eq. 15 is removed and "finite \Delta u (v)" is changed to be "finite \Delta u (\Delta v)"
Professional Learning Communities: A Review of Literature
Creators: name: Tuli, Fekede
name: Bekele, Adula
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2020

description: assessing the results of learning, coaching and training, and conduct research and community services. As professionals, they must continue to learn and relearn to equip themselves with required tools to function effectively in today’s world. To this end, professional learning communities are receiving considerable attention from policy makers, scholars and practitioners. Researchers have documented that the right kind of continuous and job embedded teachers professional learning opportunities will improve the quality of teaching thereby ensures learning for all students-the fundamental mission of educational institutions. Cognizant of this fact, the Ethiopian ministry of education placed professional learning community at the forefront and tried to institutionalize it in order to improve the quality of teaching and learning. However, after a decade of practice/implementation in our educational settings, functional professional learning community [locally known as educational army development] was not yet established. Rather, the concept was poorly understood and surfaced by chaos and dilemmas. Hence, in this paper, authors attempted to give an overview of the professional learning community based on the current literatures and international experiences. In so doing, authors emphasized the concept of a professional learning community, characteristics of a professional learning community, forces that have compelled organizations to build a professional learning community and supportive conditions for professional learning community.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020)
Global fixed point proof of time-dependent density-functional theory
Creators: name: Ruggenthaler, Michael
name: van Leeuwen, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reformulate and generalize the uniqueness and existence proofs of time-dependent density-functional theory. The central idea is to restate the fundamental one-to-one correspondence between densities and potentials as a global fixed point question for potentials on a given time-interval. We show that the unique fixed point, i.e. the unique potential generating a given density, is reached as the limiting point of an iterative procedure. The one-to-one correspondence between densities and potentials is a straightforward result provided that the response function of the divergence of the internal forces is bounded. The existence, i.e. the v-representability of a density, can be proven as well provided that the operator norms of the response functions of the members of the iterative sequence of potentials have an upper bound. The densities under consideration have second time-derivatives that are required to satisfy a condition slightly weaker than being square-integrable. This approach avoids the usual restrictions of Taylor-expandability in time of the uniqueness theorem by Runge and Gross [Phys.Rev.Lett.52, 997 (1984)] and of the existence theorem by van Leeuwen [Phys.Rev.Lett. 82, 3863 (1999)]. Owing to its generality, the proof not only answers basic questions in density-functional theory but also has potential implications in other fields of physics.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Magnetization Dissipation in the Ferromagnetic Semiconductor (Ga,Mn)As
Creators: name: Hals, Kjetil M. D.
name: Brataas, Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the Gilbert damping in (Ga,Mn)As based on the scattering theory of magnetization relaxation. The disorder scattering is included non-perturbatively. In the clean limit, the spin-pumping from the localized d-electrons to the itinerant holes dominates the relaxation processes. In the diffusive regime, the breathing Fermi-surface effect is balanced by the effects of interband scattering, which cause the Gilbert damping constant to saturate at around 0.005. In small samples, the system shape induces a large anisotropy in the Gilbert damping.
description: Final version accepted by Physical Review B
Investigating the Effect of Peer-Assessment on Students’ Writing Strategy Use
Creators: name: Legese, Guta
name: Ferede, Tekle
name: Shimelis, Andinet
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2020

description: The main Purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of peer-assessment on students’ writing strategy use. Qualitative supplement quantitative method was used for the study. It focused on 1st year Banking and Finance Department students of Jimma University. The department had four groups (A, B, C & D) of which two groups were selected by using random sampling technique. Accordingly, section A and B were selected and included in the study. Section A was assigned as comparison group whereas section B was assigned as treatment group. Closed-ended questionnaire was used at the end of the intervention to collect the quantitative data from the students. Moreover, qualitative data were collected from the students using journal writing. The purpose of collecting qualitative data was to assess the perception of students on the use of peer-assessment. The quantitative data were analysed using independent sample T-test. The result of the analysis showed that the students in the treatment group improved their writing strategy use than the students in control group. This indicates that the use of peer-assessment as intervention showed a significant effect on the students’ writing strategy use (t (58) = 2.856, p = 0.006. Besides, Qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data. The result of the qualitative data was in agreement with the results of the quantitative analysis. It showed that the students well perceived the use of peer-assessment in writing classroom. Therefore, it is recommended that the use of peer-assessment in addition to teacher assessment is better than using teacher assessment alone to improve writing.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020)
A refinement of Johnson's bounding for the stable genera of Heegaard splittings
Creators: name: Takao, Kazuto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57N10, 57M50

description: For each integer k > 1, Johnson gave a 3-manifold with Heegaard splittings of genera 2k and 2k-1 such that any common stabilization of these two surfaces has genus at least 3k-1. We modify his argument to produce a 3-manifold with two Heegaard splitings of genus 2k such that any common stabilization of them has genus at least 3k.
description: 16 pages, 17 figures
Effects of magnetic field and transverse anisotropy on full counting statistics in single-molecule magnet
Creators: name: Xue, Hai-Bin
name: Nie, Y. -H.
name: Li, Z. -J.
name: Liang, J. -Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have theoretically studied the full counting statistics of electron transport through a single-molecule magnet (SMM) with an arbitrary angle between the applied magnetic field and the SMM's easy axis above the sequential tunneling threshold, since the angle $θ$ cannot be controlled in present-day SMM experiments. In the absence of the small transverse anisotropy, when the coupling of the SMM with the incident-electrode is stronger than that with the outgoing-electrode, i.e., $Γ_{L}/Γ_{R}\gg1$, the maximum peak of shot noise first increases and then decreases with increasing $θ$ from 0 to $0.5π$. In particular, the shot noise can reach up to super-Poissonian value from sub-Poissonian value when considering the small transverse anisotropy. For $Γ_{L}/Γ_{R}\ll1$, the maximum peaks of the shot noise and skewness can be reduced from a super-Poissonian to a sub-Poissonian value with increasing $θ$ from 0 to $0.5π$; the super-Poissonian behavior of the skewness is more sensitive to the small $θ$ than shot noise, which is suppressed when taking into account the small transverse anisotropy. These characteristics of shot noise can be qualitatively attributed to the competition between the fast and slow transport channels. The predictions regarding of the $θ$-dependence of high order current cumulants are very interesting for a better understanding electron transport through SMM, and will allow for experimental tests in the near future.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, Revised version. Accepted for publication in Journal of Applied Physics
La matematica nell’aula di informatica
Creators: name: Stasolla, Paolo
Publisher: name: Scuola Universitaria della Svizzera Italiana (SUPSI)
Year: 2015

description: Affrontare il capitolo dedicato alle funzioni, interamente in aula di informatica, potrebbe essere significativo per uno studente quanto un argomento trattato nell’aula abituale. Inoltre, per uno studente, avere la possibilità di studiare tale argomento sfruttando Geogebra può contribuire a formare un apprendimento permanente. Questo lavoro di ricerca è stato affrontato con una classe di quarta media, corso attitudinale, con la quale sono state svolte diverse attività in cui l’utilizzo del software Geogebra ha assunto due principali funzioni: la prima come strumento di scoperta, la seconda come strumento di verifica. Dopo un’analisi quantitativa sull’utilizzo del computer da parte degli studenti, volto a formare un profilo medio dell’allievo con cui si sarebbe lavorato, ci si è concentrati su tre aspetti disciplinari: il concetto di dipendenza, la pendenza di una retta e la funzione di primo grado. La motivazione sempre alta nello svolgere queste lezioni e un clima all’interno della classe positivo hanno permesso di valorizzare il tempo impiegato. I risultati emersi non permettono di dire se l’apprendimento è stato e/o sarà permanente, ma le lezioni svolte hanno mostrato come l’allievo abbia ritenuto significativo l’argomento trattato. Un osservazione scaturita riguarda il fatto che l’allievo abbia preferito utilizzare Geogebra come strumento di verifica piuttosto che di scoperta. Relatore: Michele Impedovo. Materia: Matematica.
Proximate and Mineral Compositions of Raw and Roasted Groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) Obtained from East Hararghe Zone, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Belete, Ameha
name: Bayissa, Leta Danno
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2020

description: Determination of proximate and minerals composition of raw and roasted groundnut seed samples collected from Babile and Fedis woredas of East Hararghe, Ethiopia, have been performed. The proximate parameters were determined by standard method while minerals levels were analyzed using spectroscopic and/or photometric analytical methods. Wet digestion method using a mixture of HNO3 and HClO4 (5:5 V/V) was employed for digestion of groundnut samples. The proximate composition results indicated that the moisture, ash, oil, crude fiber, crude protein and total carbohydrate contents of the analyzed raw groundnut were ranged from 4.51- 5.41, 4.41-4.62, 40.2-41.71,2.62-2.80,42.21-42.30%, respectively. While the corresponding values for roasted groundnut sample were ranged from 2.01-3.98, 4.80, 37.61-38.12,2.31-2.42,43.61-45.4 and 7.19-7.21%, respectively. It was also observed that some proximate values were significantly affected by roasting. The minerals composition in the raw and roasted groundnut samples were generally ranged from 0.154-0.186, 0.175-0.301, 0.117-0.134, 1.37-1.42, 0.27-0.513, 0.197-0.237 and 0.171-0.193 mg/Kg for Fe, Zn, Ca, Mg, Na, K and P, respectively. The concentration levels of metals in groundnut were found to decrease in the order of: Mg > Na > Zn > K > P > Fe >Ca. The levels of minerals determined in the groundnut samples were found within the rangeof WHO permissible limit.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020)
Characterization of environmental and genetic factors in multiple-case lymphoid cancer families
Creators: name: Jones, Samantha Jean
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: Lymphoid cancers, the fifth most common cancer type in Canada, comprise a clinically and biologically heterogeneous group of neoplasms. Established risk factors include older age, male sex, compromised immune function, and family history of lymphoproliferative disorders. The hygiene hypothesis, according to which a relative lack of infectious exposure during early childhood may cause aberrant immune development and subsequent adult-onset immune-related diseases, including allergies, autoimmune conditions and some lymphoid cancers, provides a framework for understanding these risk factors. Susceptibility genes involved in immune function and DNA repair have been identified; however, there remains a large gap in our knowledge of genetic and environmental factors for familial lymphoid cancers. We examined familial aggregation, age of onset and environmental factors in more than 200 multiple-case lymphoid cancer families. Familial lymphoid cancer ages of onset were substantially earlier than comparable population data and showed an anticipation effect after controlling for ascertainment biases. Relative to the general population, families were enriched for some combinations of lymphoid cancers (e.g., HL/HL, CLL/CLL). Familial cases were more likely to have allergies and a tonsillectomy, which may indicate defective immune regulation. The risk of lymphoma tended to decrease with later birth order and larger sibship sizes. Measures of family structure and crowding relate to the hygiene hypothesis as they affect age and extent of exposures to infections, with low birth order and smaller sibships correlating with higher risk. These associations underscore the complex etiology of familial lymphoma and suggest that lymphoid cancers in multiple-case families may be different from sporadic cases. Genome-wide scans have identified few risk alleles with small effect sizes in multiple-case families. We performed a genome-wide Identity-by-Descent analysis using 1.8 million markers on a well-characterized multi-generational family with 4 lymphoid cancer cases. Three interesting candidate variants were found (MYC, EPHA1, MMS19), but no compelling high-penetrance disease variant segregated with lymphoid cancer. Identifying genetic factors in rare lymphoid cancer families will aid in uncovering key networks involved in cancer susceptibility. Lymphoma has an important familial component. Establishing genetic and environmental associations facilitates a better understanding of lymphomagenic mechanisms and effective approaches to cancer prevention and clinical management.
Additional file 3 of Mapping and modeling the genomic basis of differential RNA isoform expression at single-cell resolution with LR-Split-seq
Creators: name: Rebboah, Elisabeth
name: Reese, Fairlie
name: Williams, Katherine
name: Balderrama-Gutierrez, Gabriela
name: McGill, Cassandra
name: Trout, Diane
name: Rodriguez, Isaryhia
name: Liang, Heidi
name: Wold, Barbara J.
name: Mortazavi, Ali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3:. Review history
Born in an Infinite Universe: a Cosmological Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Aguirre, Anthony
name: Tegmark, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum measurement problem in the context of an infinite, statistically uniform space, as could be generated by eternal inflation. It has recently been argued that when identical copies of a quantum measurement system exist, the standard projection operators and Born rule method for calculating probabilities must be supplemented by estimates of relative frequencies of observers. We argue that an infinite space actually renders the Born rule redundant, by physically realizing all outcomes of a quantum measurement in different regions, with relative frequencies given by the square of the wave function amplitudes. Our formal argument hinges on properties of what we term the quantum confusion operator, which projects onto the Hilbert subspace where the Born rule fails, and we comment on its relation to the oft-discussed quantum frequency operator. This analysis unifies the classical and quantum levels of parallel universes that have been discussed in the literature, and has implications for several issues in quantum measurement theory. It also shows how, even for a single measurement, probabilities may be interpreted as relative frequencies in unitary (Everettian) quantum mechanics. We also argue that after discarding a zero-norm part of the wavefunction, the remainder consists of a superposition of indistinguishable terms, so that arguably "collapse" of the wavefunction is irrelevant, and the "many worlds" of Everett's interpretation are unified into one. Finally, the analysis suggests a "cosmological interpretation" of quantum theory in which the wave function describes the actual spatial collection of identical quantum systems, and quantum uncertainty is attributable to the observer's inability to self-locate in this collection.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures; revised version to match published version, including authorship change. Abstract is abridged
Challenges to The Sustainability of Participatory Forest Management Program: The Case of Gebradima Forest, Southwestern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Tadesse, Solomon
name: Woldetsadik, Muluneh
name: Senbeta, Feyera
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2020

description: Since the mid-1990s, the government of Ethiopian has implemented participatory forest management (PFM) program as major strategy to promote sustainable forest management whilst enhancing the livelihoods of those who largely dependent on the forests. This program was largely initiated by non-governmental organization and bilateral donors. However, several challenges threaten its sustainability following the termination of fund from the donors for funded projects. The present study seeks to identify some of the key challenges facing the sustainability of PFM program in the Gebradima forest, southwest Ethiopia, with emphasis post project period. Data were collected between January and March 2016 from three PFM scheme rural kebeles through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions which were supplemented with secondary data. The study revealed that the main challenges to the sustainability of PFM program are lack of financial resources that support long-term capacity buildings for participants, limited facilities, staff turnover, poor government support and gaps in PFM policy and legal framework. The study therefore suggests that to ensure long-term sustainability of the program the government will provide significant support toward financial, technical and institutional capacity enhancement for forest users, and create enabling policy, legal and institutional conditions for the program.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 8 No. 1 (2020)
H2O2 oxidation – CaO precipitation pretreatment combining forward osmosis for electroless nickel spent tank liquid (ENSTL) reduction
Creators: name: Tu, Yong
name: Liu, Si-Qi
name: Jiang, Yong-Wei
name: Pan, Ting
name: Cao, Lei
name: Feng, Xu-Song
name: Zhang, Yong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: The electroless nickel spent tank liquid (ENSTL), as a typical hazardous waste, contains a variety of refractory organic substances as well as heavy metals and inorganic salts. Generally, ENSTL is delegated for disposing by qualified hazardous waste disposal departments in China. However, the temporary storage, transportation, and higher entrusted disposal expenses increase the burden on enterprises producing the hazardous ENSTL. This paper explored an oxidation/precipitation pretreatment and forward osmosis (FO) combined process for ENSTL reduction. 400 mmol/L Hydrogen peroxide and 5.0 wt% calcium oxide were selected as the optimal pretreatment in order to minimize the osmotic pressure of ENSTL, by which the conductivity was significantly reduced from 50.8 mS/cm to 26.8 mS/cm. As a result, the concentrating factor (N) could be dramatically increased from 2.45 by the direct FO to 8.71 by the combined system. Accordingly, the average water flux during the 24 h concentrating cycle increased from 2.47 L/(m2·h) to 4.56 L/(m2·h). TOC rejection rate decreased from 90.23% to 84.39% due to the transformation of organic matter forms by the chemical oxidation during the pretreatment. Meanwhile, TP, Ni and NH4+ rejection rates decreased to a certain extent, which may related to the mitigation of membrane fouling by the pretreatment.