cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimal Intervention in Economic Networks using Influence Maximization Methods
Creators: name: Klages-Mundt, Ariah
name: Minca, Andreea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We consider optimal intervention in the Elliott-Golub-Jackson network model \cite{jackson14} and we show that it can be transformed into an influence maximization-like form, interpreted as the reverse of a default cascade. Our analysis of the optimal intervention problem extends well-established targeting results to the economic network setting, which requires additional theoretical steps. We prove several results about optimal intervention: it is NP-hard and cannot be approximated to a constant factor in polynomial time. In turn, we show that randomizing failure thresholds leads to a version of the problem which is monotone submodular, for which existing powerful approximations in polynomial time can be applied. In addition to optimal intervention, we also show practical consequences of our analysis to other economic network problems: (1) it is computationally hard to calculate expected values in the economic network, and (2) influence maximization algorithms can enable efficient importance sampling and stress testing of large failure scenarios. We illustrate our results on a network of firms connected through input-output linkages inferred from the World Input Output Database.
Additional file 5 of Improving case detection of tuberculosis in hospitalised Kenyan children—employing the behaviour change wheel to aid intervention design and implementation
Creators: name: Oliwa, Jacquie Narotso
name: Nzinga, Jacinta
name: Masini, Enos
name: Hensbroek, Michaël Boele Van
name: Jones, Caroline
name: English, Mike
name: Hoog, Anja Van’t
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. Standards for Reporting Implementation Studies: the StaRI checklist.
Terahertz transition radiation of bulk and surface electromagnetic waves by an electron entering a layered superconductor
Creators: name: Averkov, Yu. O.
name: Yakovenko, V. M.
name: Yampol'skii, V. A.
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the transition radiation of bulk and surface electromagnetic waves by an electron crossing an interface between a layered superconductor and an isotropic dielectric. We assume that the direction of the electron motion and the orientation of the superconducting layers are perpendicular to the interface. We derive the analytical expressions for the strongly anisotropic radiation fields and for the time-integrated energy fluxes of bulk and oblique surface electromagnetic waves (OSWs). We show that the OSWs with frequencies close to the Josephson plasma frequency $ω_J$ provide the main contribution to the OSWs energy flux. Moreover, for frequencies close to the Josephson plasma frequency, the spectral density of the OSWs radiation diverges at some critical value of the azimuth angle $φ$. At the angles $φ=0$ and $φ=90^o$, the radiation field has a transverse magnetic polarization. We have also studied the Cherenkov radiation by the electron escaping from the layered superconductor and show that this radiation is almost monochromatic. A remarkable feature of the Cherenkov radiation in a layered superconductor is that, contrary to the isotropic case, the Cherenkov radiation distinctly manifests itself in the angular dependence of the radiation energy flux.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, Published in PRB, Vol. 89, No. 9, 094506(9) (2014)
Ablation behaviour of electrode materials during high power and high repetition rate laser structuring
Creators: name: Meyer, Alexandra
name: Sterzl, Yannic
name: Xiao, Shizhou
name: Rädel, Ulrich
name: Pfleging, Wilhelm
name: Kling, Rainer
name: Watanabe, Akira
Publisher: name: Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ultrafast laser ablation
anode
lithium-ion battery
upscaling
laser structuring
ablation behavior

description: Laser structuring is introduced to homogenize the wetting of electrodes with liquid electrolyte, to avoid or significantly shorten the process time of warm ageing, and to reduce the lithium-ion diffusion overpotential that occurs during high performance operation or when thick-film electrodes are applied. For the integration of the laser structuring process into the cell production line, the process speed must be adapted to the electrode coating speed. Various strategies, including increasing the repetition rate and laser power, beam shaping, where the Gaussian beam is formed into a rectangular intensity profile (1D top-hat), and multibeam processing by beam splitting, are pursued here. In the presented study, a laser system providing an average pulse duration of 600 fs, repetition rates in the MHz range, and a maximum power of 300 W, was applied. The ablation results are compared to those of a ps laser system that operates at lower repetition rates. The ablation depth and width as well as the appearance of the structures depending on the applied maximum energy density, repetition rate, and structuring speed, were evaluated, while the pulse overlap was kept constant. It was shown that the use of very high repetition rates leads to a decrease in ablation depth as well as a widening of the manufactured grooves, asthe developing of material vapor plasma and ejected particles modify the absorption of subsequent laser pulses. A maximal scanning speed of 1.7 m/s could be achieved for the laser structuring applying a Gaussian beam.
title: La qualité d'un dispositif de formation dans le domaine des premiers secours
title: La qualité d'un dispositif de formation dans le domaine des premiers secours
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Davila De La Cruz, Paola
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Dispositifs de formation
subject: premiers secours
subject: management de la qualité –
subject: normes ISO
subject: critères qualité
subject: certification qualité

description: De nos jours, connaître et maîtriser les gestes qui sauvent revêt une importance particulière puisque toute personne est dans l’obligation de porter secours à un individu en situation de danger imminent. La formation aux premiers secours s’avère donc nécessaire afin que le plus grand nombre de citoyens soient capables d’intervenir le plus rapidement possible lors d’un incident critique afin de sauver un maximum de vies. En effet, plus la prise en charge est rapide, plus les chances de survie sont élevées. Afin de réaliser les gestes nécessaires de manière efficace, recevoir une formation de qualité semble indispensable. Mais qu’est-ce donc la qualité ? Le présent mémoire porte sur la formation aux premiers secours, sous l’angle de la qualité. Il s’agira donc d’identifier ce qui détermine cette dernière du point de vue des prestataires ainsi que des bénéficiaires concernés.
title: L'évaluation par différentiel en contexte scolaire: une analyse de l'activité du processus de conception d'un différentiel d'enseignant·e·s chercheur·euse·s
title: L'évaluation par différentiel en contexte scolaire: une analyse de l'activité du processus de conception d'un différentiel d'enseignant·e·s chercheur·euse·s
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Martin, Gaëlle
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: analyse de l’activité
subject: évaluation
subject: différentiel
subject: ingénierie pédagogique
subject: singularité

description: L’évaluation au sein de l’école primaire se déroule sur la base d’un référentiel, dicté par des injonctions politiques et professionnelles explicitement recensées dans le Plan d’étude romand (PER). Avec l’entrée du projet 360°, l’école vaudoise souhaite parvenir à répondre davantage aux besoins des élèves en évitant d’exercer une classification des élèves selon leurs troubles ou difficultés notamment. De plus, l’élève, principal·e concerné·e, n’est à aucun moment pris en compte dans ce processus particulier de l’apprentissage qu’est l’évaluation. La question se pose, alors, de savoir comment prendre en compte les besoins et intérêts des élèves afin qu’ils·elles puissent exprimer leur singularité et ainsi donner du sens à leurs projets d’évaluation. Ce travail s’inscrit dans le courant de l’analyse de l’activité. Nous cherchons à analyser l’activité d’enseignant·e·s-chercheur·euse·s qui s’intéressent aux question d’évaluation par différentiel. Cette recherche s’articule autour du cours d’action afin de pouvoir partir de l’activité des individu·e·s directement. L’enjeu est de pouvoir identifier comment ces enseignant·e·s-chercheur·euse·s font afin de construire un artefact d’évaluation pour l’enseignement primaire qui permette aux élèves de rendre compte de leur singularité. L’observatoire a été mis en place avec 3 individu·e·s et s’organise autour de moments de discussion et d’entretien d’autoconfrontation et de remise en situation par les traces matérielles. Nos résultats ont été organisés en deux parties, une première concernant le processus de conception du différentiel et une seconde concernant l’artefact de conception en lui-même. Nous avons identifié, pour la première partie des résultats, des éléments de réponse liés à l’engagement (les préoccupations), au référentiel (les connaissances), au représentamen (ce qui est significatif) ainsi qu’à l’actualité potentielle (les attentes) de chacun·e. L’interprétant (les nouveaux savoirs) nous a également permis de reconstituer le cheminement des individu·e·s individuellement. La seconde partie des résultats se base également sur l’interprétant des individu·e·s mais comme collectif cette fois-ci et permet de définir des enjeux de conception ainsi que les caractéristiques spécifiques au différentiel pensé au sein de cette recherche.
title: Au nom de quoi la « plus grande liberté pédagogique » dans un cours du secondaire 2 peut-elle être revendiquée?
title: Au nom de quoi la « plus grande liberté pédagogique » dans un cours du secondaire 2 peut-elle être revendiquée?
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Darne Vittoz, Joséphine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Enseignement secondaire 2
subject: Maturité
subject: Philosophie
subject: Pédagogie
subject: Liberté pédagogique
subject: Prescriptivité des plans d’étude
subject: Programmes
subject: Transposition didactique
subject: Curriculum
subject: Approche par compétences
subject: Didactisation
subject: Évaluations

description: Ce travail a pour but de questionner une conception de la philosophie comme discipline spéciale et prestigieuse sur laquelle la revendication de liberté pédagogique se fonde et se justifie selon elle. Cette étude met cette conception en perspective avec les entretiens menés auprès d’enseignants de philosophie, mais aussi d’histoire, de mathématiques, d’économie à titre comparatif, de didacticiens et d’un directeur de gymnase, et postule que la perception d’une discipline, qui affirme être à elle-même sa propre pédagogie, ayant vocation principale à « émanciper les élèves », voire à « couronner une formation », peut entrainer des conséquences dommageables sur les élèves, telles qu’une transposition didactique externe et interne aléatoire, des pédagogies invisibles, des malentendus scolaires, un manque d’uniformité et des inégalités d’apprentissage. Aussi, ce travail, qui se veut réflexif, considère que des contenus et des objectifs d’apprentissages davantage ciblés et une approche par compétences adaptée au cours de philosophie pourraient être bénéfiques à son enseignement et aux élèves. L’analyse a pour but de montrer que la philosophie est une discipline scolaire à part entière, car essentielle dans la formation intellectuelle des élèves, et peut de ce fait percevoir et assumer son utilité dans un programme de formation.
Metaphors of Religion
Creators: name: Gebhard, Henning
name: Jha, Vandana
name: Tögel, Philipp
name: Dipper, Stefanie
name: Elwert, Frederik
name: Tonne, Danah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Metaphern
Religion
Annotation
Thesaurus
Linked Open Data
Modellierung
Annotieren
Infrastruktur
Projekte
Forschung
virtuelle Forschungsumgebungen
DHd2023

description: Eine Posterpräsentation auf der 9. Tagung des Verbands "Digital Humanities im deutschsprachigen Raum" - DHd 2023 Open Humanities Open Culture
Additional file 2 of Improving case detection of tuberculosis in hospitalised Kenyan children—employing the behaviour change wheel to aid intervention design and implementation
Creators: name: Oliwa, Jacquie Narotso
name: Nzinga, Jacinta
name: Masini, Enos
name: Hensbroek, Michaël Boele Van
name: Jones, Caroline
name: English, Mike
name: Hoog, Anja Van’t
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Behavioural Analysis.
A Hard X-Ray Power-Law Spectral Cutoff in Centaurus X-4
Creators: name: Chakrabarty, Deepto
name: Tomsick, John A.
name: Grefenstette, Brian W.
name: Psaltis, Dimitrios
name: Bachetti, Matteo
name: Barret, Didier
name: Boggs, Steven E.
name: Christensen, Finn E.
name: Craig, William W.
name: Fuerst, Felix
name: Hailey, Charles J.
name: Harrison, Fiona A.
name: Kaspi, Victoria A.
name: Miller, Jon M.
name: Nowak, Michael A.
name: Rana, Vikram
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Wik, Daniel R.
name: Wilms, Joern
name: Zhang, William W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low-mass X-ray binary Cen X-4 is the brightest and closest (<1.2 kpc) quiescent neutron star transient. Previous 0.5-10 keV X-ray observations of Cen X-4 in quiescence identified two spectral components: soft thermal emission from the neutron star atmosphere and a hard power-law tail of unknown origin. We report here on a simultaneous observation of Cen X-4 with NuSTAR (3-79 keV) and XMM-Newton (0.3-10 keV) in 2013 January, providing the first sensitive hard X-ray spectrum of a quiescent neutron star transient. The 0.3-79 keV luminosity was 1.1 x 10^(33) erg/s (for D=1kpc), with around 60 percent in the thermal component. We clearly detect a cutoff of the hard spectral tail above 10 keV, the first time such a feature has been detected in this source class. We show that thermal Comptonization and synchrotron shock origins for the hard X-ray emission are ruled out on physical grounds. However, the hard X-ray spectrum is well fit by a thermal bremsstrahlung model with an 18 keV electron temperature, which can be understood as arising either in a hot layer above the neutron star atmosphere or in a radiatively-inefficient accretion flow (RIAF). The power-law cutoff energy may be set by the degree of Compton cooling of the bremsstrahlung electrons by thermal seed photons from the neutron star surface. Lower thermal luminosities should lead to higher (possibly undetectable) cutoff energies. We compare Cen~X-4's behavior with PSR J1023+0038, IGR J18245-2452, and XSS J12270-4859, which have shown transitions between LMXB and radio pulsar modes at a similar X-ray luminosity.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. Sections 4 and 5 substantially revised
Additional file 1 of Insights on mental health when living with rheumatoid arthritis: a descriptive qualitative study of threads on the Reddit website
Creators: name: Park, Jamie Y. E.
name: Howren, Alyssa M.
name: Davidson, Eileen
name: Vera, Mary A. De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Probing the axis alignment of an ultracold spin-polarized $\textrm{Rb}_2$ molecule
Creators: name: Deiß, Markus
name: Drews, Björn
name: Deissler, Benjamin
name: Denschlag, Johannes Hecker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel method for probing the alignment of the molecular axis of an ultracold, nonpolar dimer. These results are obtained using diatomic $^{87}\textrm{Rb}_2$ molecules in the vibrational ground state of the lowest triplet potential $a^3Σ_u^+$ trapped in a 3D optical lattice. We measure the molecular polarizabilities, which are directly linked to the alignment, along each of the $x$, $y$, and $z$ directions of the lab coordinate system. By preparing the molecules in various, precisely defined rotational quantum states we can control the degree of alignment of the molecular axis with high precision over a large range. Furthermore, we derive the dynamical polarizabilities for a laser wavelength of $1064.5\:\textrm{nm}$ parallel and orthogonal to the molecular axis of the dimer, $α_\parallel=(8.9 \pm 0.9)\times10^3\:\textrm{a.u.}$ and $α_\perp=(0.9 \pm 0.4)\times10^3\:\textrm{a.u.}$, respectively. Our findings highlight that the depth of an optical lattice strongly depends on the rotational state of the molecule which has to be considered in collision experiments. The present work paves the way for reaction studies between aligned molecules in the ultracold temperature regime.
description: 6 pages and 4 figures including supplemental material
Additional file 1 of COPD burden on sexual well-being
Creators: name: Zysman, M.
name: J. Rubenstein
name: F. Le Guillou
name: R. M. H. Colson
name: C. Pochulu
name: L. Grassion
name: R. Escamilla
name: D. Piperno
name: J. Pon
name: S. Khan
name: C. Raherison-Semjen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: COPD burden on sexual well-being, RERE-D-20–00192, R2.
An Algorithm to Compute the Topological Euler Characteristic, Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson Class and Segre Class of Projective Varieties
Creators: name: Helmer, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2; I.1.2; I.1.1
subject: 14Qxx, 68W30, 14C17, 13P15, 65H10

description: Let $V$ be a closed subscheme of a projective space $\mathbb{P}^n$. We give an algorithm to compute the Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson class, Euler characteristic and Segre class of $ V$. The algorithm can be implemented using either symbolic or numerical methods. The algorithm is based on a new method for calculating the projective degrees of a rational map defined by a homogeneous ideal. Using this result and known formulas for the Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson class of a projective hypersurface and the Segre class of a projective variety in terms of the projective degrees of certain rational maps we give algorithms to compute the Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson class and Segre class of a projective variety. Since the Euler characteristic of $V$ is the degree of the zero dimensional component of the Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson class of $V$ our algorithm also computes the Euler characteristic $χ(V)$. Relationships between the algorithm developed here and other existing algorithms are discussed. The algorithm is tested on several examples and performs favourably compared to current algorithms for computing Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson classes, Segre classes and Euler characteristics.
On the complexity of a putative counterexample to the $p$-adic Littlewood conjecture
Creators: name: Badziahin, Dmitry
name: Bugeaud, Yann
name: Einsiedler, Manfred
name: Kleinbock, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11J04, 11J61, 11J83, 37A35, 37A45, 37D40

description: Let $|| \cdot ||$ denote the distance to the nearest integer and, for a prime number $p$, let $| \cdot |_p$ denote the $p$-adic absolute value. In 2004, de Mathan and Teulié asked whether $\inf_{q \ge 1} \, q \cdot || q α|| \cdot | q |_p = 0$ holds for every badly approximable real number $α$ and every prime number $p$. Among other results, we establish that, if the complexity of the sequence of partial quotients of a real number $α$ grows too rapidly or too slowly, then their conjecture is true for the pair $(α, p)$ with $p$ an arbitrary prime.
description: 19 pages; a revised version
Spherical Functions of Fundamental $K$-Types Associated with the $n$-Dimensional Sphere
Creators: name: Tirao, Juan Alfredo
name: Zurrián, Ignacio Nahuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E45, 33C45, 33C47

description: In this paper, we describe the irreducible spherical functions of fundamental $K$-types associated with the pair $(G,K)=({\mathrm{SO}}(n+1),{\mathrm{SO}}(n))$ in terms of matrix hypergeometric functions. The output of this description is that the irreducible spherical functions of the same $K$-fundamental type are encoded in new examples of classical sequences of matrix-valued orthogonal polynomials, of size $2$ and $3$, with respect to a matrix-weight $W$ supported on $[0,1]$. Moreover, we show that $W$ has a second order symmetric hypergeometric operator $D$.
Employers most desirable attributes in early-career physiotherapists: a content analysis of job advertisements
Creators: name: McAleer, Rachael
name: Hanson, Lisa
name: Kenny, Amanda
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems
classificationCode: 420106
subject: Physiotherapy

description: Background: Ensuring a sufficient, appropriately qualified health workforce is of global concern. Understanding the attributes that employers seek is critical in recruitment, retention, and educational design. In physiotherapy, there is a dearth of evidence on desirable attributes that employers seek from early-career physiotherapists. This study directly addresses this gap. The aims of this study were to identify the characteristics of the jobs advertised for early-career physiotherapists in Australia; determine which attributes were most desired when employing an early-career physiotherapist; and identify if there were differences in the attributes required based upon workplace location. Methods: New graduate and early-career physiotherapy job advertisements were collected for six months from 1st October 2020 until 31st March 2021 from SEEK.com.au, a large online employment marketplace that operates across ten countries in the Asia Pacific and Latin America. Job advertisements needed to specify new graduate or early-career physiotherapist eligibility and be located within Australia. Data extraction were completed using QuestionPro®. The Modified Monash Model was used to classify rurality of job location. Job advertisements were analysed descriptively and using content analysis to identify attributes. Results: The search yielded 578 job advertisements with the greatest number collected in October 2020 (25.3%). Of the advertisements, 428 (74.0%) were in metropolitan locations (Modified Monash 1), 47 (8.1%) were in regional (Modified Monash 2), 99 (17.1%) were in rural locations (Modified Monash 3–5), and 4 (0.8%) were in remote locations (Modified Monash 6–7). Most roles were in private practice (63.3%) or aged care (21.7%). The top five attributes requested by employers were client focus, communication and interpersonal skills, team player, willingness to learn, and being able to build rapport, relationships, and networks. Academic results, resilience, and empathy were the least requested attributes. Differences in requested employability attributes increased with rurality. Conclusions: This study addresses the current knowledge about attributes sought by employers for early-career physiotherapists. The most prevalent attributes requested were client focus and communication and interpersonal skills. This exploration of attributes can help to better prepare graduates for their first roles, align expectations, and increase understanding of priorities for entry level university programs, as well as identify priorities for support during transition to practice. Desired attributes should be clearly defined by employers in recruitment and retention processes.
Additional file 1 of The training needs for gender-sensitive care in a pediatric rehabilitation hospital: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Lindsay, Sally
name: Kolne, Kendall
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide.
Additional file 2 of Use of postmenopausal hormone therapies and risk of histology- and hormone receptor-defined breast cancer: results from a 15-year prospective analysis of NIH-AARP cohort
Creators: name: Wang, Shao-Ming
name: Pfeiffer, Ruth M.
name: Gierach, Gretchen L.
name: Falk, Roni T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Distribution of participants and breast cancer cases in different race subgroups. Table S2. Selected risk factors for hormone therapy use among eligible postmenopausal women in the entire National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study cohort in 1996–1997. Table S3. Hormone therapy at baseline and risk of in situ breast cancer and invasive breast cancer by estrogen and progesterone receptor status, among postmenopausal women in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study cohort (1996/1997–2011). Table S4. Associations of estrogen alone therapy (ET) at baseline with risk of breast cancer, by body mass index (BMI) among postmenopausal women with hysterectomy, the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study cohort (1996/1997–2011). Table S5. Associations of estrogen alone therapy (ET) at baseline with risk of invasive ductal and lobular breast cancer by hormone receptor status, postmenopausal women with hysterectomy, the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study cohort (1996/1997–2011). Table S6. Associations of estrogen plus progestin therapy (EPT) use at baseline with risk of breast cancer, by body mass index (BMI), Postmenopausal women with intact uteri, the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study cohort (1996/1997–2011). Table S7. Associations of estrogen plus progestin therapy (EPT) use at baseline with risk of invasive ductal and lobular breast cancer by hormone receptor status, postmenopausal women with intact uteri, the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study cohort (1996/ 1997–2011).
Disentangling Geometric Deformation Spaces in Generative Latent Shape Models
Creators: name: Aumentado-Armstrong, Tristan
name: Tsogkas, Stavros
name: Dickinson, Sven
name: Jepson, Allan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.10; I.5.4

description: A complete representation of 3D objects requires characterizing the space of deformations in an interpretable manner, from articulations of a single instance to changes in shape across categories. In this work, we improve on a prior generative model of geometric disentanglement for 3D shapes, wherein the space of object geometry is factorized into rigid orientation, non-rigid pose, and intrinsic shape. The resulting model can be trained from raw 3D shapes, without correspondences, labels, or even rigid alignment, using a combination of classical spectral geometry and probabilistic disentanglement of a structured latent representation space. Our improvements include more sophisticated handling of rotational invariance and the use of a diffeomorphic flow network to bridge latent and spectral space. The geometric structuring of the latent space imparts an interpretable characterization of the deformation space of an object. Furthermore, it enables tasks like pose transfer and pose-aware retrieval without requiring supervision. We evaluate our model on its generative modelling, representation learning, and disentanglement performance, showing improved rotation invariance and intrinsic-extrinsic factorization quality over the prior model.
description: Accepted to IJCV
title: Évaluation et gestion de la qualité du module de formation "Initiation à la plateforme Docimo" selon une méthode Agile
title: Évaluation et gestion de la qualité du module de formation "Initiation à la plateforme Docimo" selon une méthode Agile
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Bida, Hana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: CORETEV
subject: Dispositif d’évaluation qualité
subject: Évaluation numérique
subject: Formation d’adulte
subject: Méthode Agile
subject: Cycle de construction et de gestion qualité des tests standardisés

description: Dans cette étude, il est question d’évaluer la qualité d’une formation donnée à distance au sein du projet de co-construction nord-sud d’un réseau d’expertises pour l’utilisation des nouvelles technologies en ingénierie de l’évaluation (CORETEV). La formation est évaluée selon les trois niveaux de Kirkpatrick (1959) qui sont la satisfaction, les apprentissages et le transfert des compétences. Le design de la formation et le dispositif d’évaluation vont de pair et respectent un modèle itératif d’inspiration Agile. Cette méthode a pour intérêt de mettre les bénéficiaires de la formation au cœur de l’action. Ainsi, l’évaluation de la formation sert d’abord à réguler la formation afin d’adapter les procédés didactiques aux besoins des participant·e·s. Ces derniers·ères sont réparti·e·s en quatre groupes et bénéficient selon leur ordre de passage, de micro-régulations. Puis, les résultats des évaluations des groupes ont été comparés. Cette démarche a permis de tester l’effet de cette méthode sur l’évolution de la satisfaction des apprenant·e·s et de leurs apprentissages. Les résultats montrent que les participant·e·s sont très satisfait·e·s de la formation et dénotent un effet apprentissage. Toutefois, leur satisfaction et leurs apprentissages n’évoluent pas au cours de la formation. Quant au transfert des compétences, les apprenant·e·s s’auto-estiment très compétent·e·s lors du pré-test, puis révisent leurs représentations lors du post-test. Les résultats montrent que les pratiques professionnelles déclarées par les bénéficiaires présentent une cohérence avec leurs résultats aux évaluations d’apprentissage. En deuxième partie du travail, une interrogation au sujet de l’utilité d’avoir recours à une plateforme d’informatisation des tests pour les évaluations de niveau 2 est menée. Une focalisation sur les critères qualité de praticabilité et de diagnosticité est présentée. La plateforme utilisée pour produire un test d’apprentissage respectant le cycle de construction et de gestion qualité des tests standardisés (CGQTS) semble répondre à ces critères. Toutefois, quelques ajouts au niveau des fonctionnalités proposées au niveau de son interface et des analyses statistiques générées permettraient d’optimiser l’application de la méthode Agile au niveau de l’évaluation de la formation.
Equivariant Iwasawa theory and non-abelian Starck-type conjectures
Creators: name: Nickel, Andreas
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Iwasawa theory, main conjecture, equivariant L-values, Stark conjectures
subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 11R23
subject: 11R42

description: We discuss three di�erent formulations of the equivariant Iwasawa main conjecture attached to an extension K/k of totally real �elds with Galois group G, where k is a number �eld and G is a p-adic Lie group of dimension 1 for an odd prime p. All these formulations are equivalent and hold if Iwasawa's μ-invariant vanishes. Under mild hypotheses, we use this to prove non-abelian generalizations of Brumer's conjecture, the Brumer-Stark conjecture and a strong version of the Coates-Sinnott conjecture provided that μ = 0.
Approximating Cross-validatory Predictive Evaluation in Bayesian Latent Variables Models with Integrated IS and WAIC
Creators: name: Li, Longhai
name: Qiu, Shi
name: Zhang, Bei
name: Feng, Cindy X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A natural method for approximating out-of-sample predictive evaluation is leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) --- we alternately hold out each case from a full data set and then train a Bayesian model using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) without the held-out; at last we evaluate the posterior predictive distribution of all cases with their actual observations. However, actual LOOCV is time-consuming. This paper introduces two methods, namely iIS and iWAIC, for approximating LOOCV with only Markov chain samples simulated from a posterior based on a \textit{full} data set. iIS and iWAIC aim at improving the approximations given by importance sampling (IS) and WAIC in Bayesian models with possibly correlated latent variables. In iIS and iWAIC, we first integrate the predictive density over the distribution of the latent variables associated with the held-out without reference to its observation, then apply IS and WAIC approximations to the integrated predictive density. We compare iIS and iWAIC with other approximation methods in three real data examples that respectively use mixture models, models with correlated spatial effects, and a random effect logistic model. Our empirical results show that iIS and iWAIC give substantially better approximates than non-integrated IS and WAIC and other methods.
description: 38 pages
Checkerboard stripe electronic state on cleaved surface of NdO$_{0.7}$F$_{0.3}$BiS$_{2}$ probed by scanning tunneling microscope
Creators: name: Machida, T.
name: Fujisawa, Y.
name: Nagao, M.
name: Demura, S.
name: Deguchi, K.
name: Mizuguchi, Y.
name: Takano, Y.
name: Sakata, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present scanning tunneling microscopy measurements on a cleaved surface of the recently discovered superconductor NdO$_{0.7}$F$_{0.3}$BiS$_{2}$ with a transition temperature ($T_{\mathrm{c}}$) of 5.1 K.Tunneling spectra at 4.2 K (below $T_{\mathrm{c}}$) and 22 K (above $T_{\mathrm{c}}$) show a large spectroscopic gap ($\sim$40 mV), which is inconsistent with the metallic nature demonstrated in bulk measurements. Moreover, we find two interesting real-space electronic features. The first feature is a `checkerboard stripe' electronic state characterized by an alternating arrangement of two types of nanocluster. In one cluster, one-dimensional electronic stripes run along one Bi-Bi direction, whereas, in the other cluster, the stripes run along the other Bi-Bi direction. The second feature is a nanoscale electronic inhomogeneity whose microscopic source seems to be atomic defects on the cleaved surface or dopant F atoms.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Disentangling Syntax and Semantics in the Brain with Deep Networks
Creators: name: Caucheteux, Charlotte
name: Gramfort, Alexandre
name: King, Jean-Remi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The activations of language transformers like GPT-2 have been shown to linearly map onto brain activity during speech comprehension. However, the nature of these activations remains largely unknown and presumably conflate distinct linguistic classes. Here, we propose a taxonomy to factorize the high-dimensional activations of language models into four combinatorial classes: lexical, compositional, syntactic, and semantic representations. We then introduce a statistical method to decompose, through the lens of GPT-2's activations, the brain activity of 345 subjects recorded with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during the listening of ~4.6 hours of narrated text. The results highlight two findings. First, compositional representations recruit a more widespread cortical network than lexical ones, and encompass the bilateral temporal, parietal and prefrontal cortices. Second, contrary to previous claims, syntax and semantics are not associated with separated modules, but, instead, appear to share a common and distributed neural substrate. Overall, this study introduces a versatile framework to isolate, in the brain activity, the distributed representations of linguistic constructs.
description: Accepted to ICML 2021
Rauzy fractals with countable fundamental group
Creators: name: Jolivet, Timo
name: Loridant, Benoît
name: Luo, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We prove that every free group of finite rank can be realized as the fundamental group of a planar Rauzy fractal associated with a 4-letter unimodular cubic Pisot substitution. This characterizes all countable fundamental groups for planar Rauzy fractals. We give an explicit construction relying on two operations on substitutions: symbolic splittings and conjugations by free group automorphisms.
description: 14 pages, v3 includes some corrections to match the published version
MPEC 2023-G29 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2023 April 4)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Thermodynamic cost of creating correlations
Creators: name: Huber, Marcus
name: Perarnau-Llobet, Martí
name: Hovhannisyan, Karen V.
name: Skrzypczyk, Paul
name: Klöckl, Claude
name: Brunner, Nicolas
name: Acín, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the fundamental limitations imposed by thermodynamics for creating correlations. Considering a collection of initially uncorrelated thermal quantum systems, we ask how much classical and quantum correlations can be obtained via a cyclic Hamiltonian process. We derive bounds on both the mutual information and entanglement of formation, as a function of the temperature of the systems and the available energy. While for a finite number of systems there is a maximal temperature allowing for the creation of entanglement, we show that genuine multipartite entanglement---the strongest form of entanglement in multipartite systems---can be created at any temperature when sufficiently many systems are considered. This approach may find applications, e.g. in quantum information processing, for physical platforms in which thermodynamic considerations cannot be ignored.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, substantially rewritten with some new results
Анализ и оценка инвестиционной привлекательности предприятия
Creators: name: Хубиева Мариям Джатдаевна
name: Текеева Халимат Эльмурзаевна
Publisher: name: Московский экономический журнал
Year: 2018
Subjects: инвестиционная привлекательность
оценка инвестиционной привлекательности предприятия
факторы инвестиционной привлекательности предприятия
модель оценки
investment attractiveness
assessment of the investment attractiveness of an enterprise
factors of an investment attractiveness of an enterprise
valuation model

description: Раскрыто содержание методики анализа и оценки инвестиционной привлекательности промышленного предприятия. Использование предлагаемого алгоритма действии позволяет принять обоснованное управленческое решение по формированию инвестиционной программы развития предприятия.
description: The content of the methodology for analyzing and evaluating the investment attractiveness of an industrial enterprise is disclosed. Using the proposed algorithm of actions allows you to make an informed management decision on the formation of the investment program of the enterprise.
Werner gap in presence of simple coloured noise
Creators: name: Tran, Minh Cong
name: Laskowski, Wieslaw
name: Paterek, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A `Werner gap' is the range of relevant parameters characterising a quantum state for which it is both entangled and admits local hidden variable model. Werner showed that the gap becomes maximal for entanglement mixed with white noise if subsystems have infinitely many levels. Here we study pure entangled states mixed with simple coloured noise modelled as a single pure product state. We provide an explicit local hidden variable model for quantum correlations of some states of this family and give hints that likely there is a model for all quantum predictions. This demonstrates essentially maximal Werner gap already for two qubits. Additionally to fundamental interest the study has implications for quantum computation and communication.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, published in JPA's special issue '50 years of Bell's theorem'
Development of Mobile Robot Kit as a learning tool in robotic courses.pdf
Creators: name: Zailani, Nor Faizah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Field robotics

description: The implementation of Robotics courses through lifelong learning platforms was difficult to implement before the development of Mobile Robot kits (MRK). Among the difficulties encountered is the long period required by the participants in making the assembly of robot components. Electronic components also tend to damage each time a course session is conducted due to not being handled properly by the participants. Therefore, MRK has been developed with consisting of Arduino Board as robot controller, Bluetooth Module, L298N Motor Driver, DC motor, battery and several sensors connected to the robot frame.
Is absolute separability determined by the partial transpose?
Creators: name: Arunachalam, Srinivasan
name: Johnston, Nathaniel
name: Russo, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The absolute separability problem asks for a characterization of the quantum states $ρ\in M_m\otimes M_n$ with the property that $UρU^\dagger$ is separable for all unitary matrices $U$. We investigate whether or not it is the case that $ρ$ is absolutely separable if and only if $UρU^\dagger$ has positive partial transpose for all unitary matrices $U$. In particular, we develop an easy-to-use method for showing that an entanglement witness or positive map is unable to detect entanglement in any such state, and we apply our method to many well-known separability criteria, including the range criterion, the realignment criterion, the Choi map and its generalizations, and the Breuer-Hall map. We also show that these two properties coincide for the family of isotropic states, and several eigenvalue results for entanglement witnesses are proved along the way that are of independent interest.
description: Two of our results were corrected since v2; the primary results of interest remain unchanged
Ants and bracket generating distributions in dimension 5 and 6
Creators: name: Agrachev, Andrei
name: Nurowski, Pawel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a mechanical system of three ants on the floor, which move according to two independt rules: Rule A - forces the velocity of any given ant to always point at a neighboring ant, and Rule B - forces the velocity of every ant to be parallel to the line defined by the two other ants. We observe that Rule A equips the 6-dimensional configuration space of the ants with a structure of a homogeneous (3,6) distribution, and that Rule B foliates this 6-dimensional configuration space onto 5-dimensional leaves, each of which is equiped with a homogeneous (2,3,5) distribution. The symmetry properties and Bryant-Cartan local invariants of these distributions are determined. In the case of Rule B we study and determine the singular trajectories (abnormal extremals) of the corresponding distributions. We show that these satisfy an interesting system of two ODEs of Fuchsian type.
description: This is the final version as published
Probing Scotogenic Effects in e+e- Colliders
Creators: name: Ho, Shu-Yu
name: Tandean, Jusak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibility of employing e+e- colliders to probe the scotogenic model, in which neutrinos get mass radiatively via one-loop interactions involving dark matter. Assuming the lightest one of the new particles in the model to be fermionic cold dark matter and taking into account various constraints, including those from LHC Higgs experiments, we show that LEP II data on e+e- scattering into a pair of charged leptons plus missing energy can place significant extra restrictions on the parameter space containing sufficiently low masses of the charged scalars in the model. On the other hand, LEP II data on e+e- collisions into a photon plus missing energy do not yield strong constraints. The allowed parameter space can still accommodate Higgs exotic decays into the nonstandard particles and thus is testable at the LHC. We also consider using future measurements of these two types of e+e- scattering at the International Linear Collider to examine the scenario of interest further and find that they can provide complementary information about it, whether or not they reveal scotogenic effects.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure, expanded, references added, main results unchanged, matches journal version