cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
3D NLTE spectral line formation of lithium in late-type stars
Creators: name: Wang, E.
name: Nordlander, T.
name: Asplund, M.
name: Amarsi, A. M.
name: Lind, K.
name: Zhou, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurately known stellar lithium abundances may be used to shed light on a variety of astrophysical phenomena such as Big Bang nucleosynthesis, radial migration, ages of stars and stellar clusters, and planet engulfment events. We present a grid of synthetic lithium spectra that are computed in non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) across the STAGGER grid of three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamic stellar atmosphere models. This grid covers three Li lines at 610.4 nm, 670.8 nm, and 812.6 nm for stellar parameters representative of FGK-type dwarfs and giants, spanning $T_{\rm{eff}}=4000$-7000 K, $\log g=1.5$-5.0, $[\rm{Fe}/\rm{H}] = -4.0$-0.5, and $\textrm{A(Li)} = -0.5$-4.0. We find that our abundance corrections are up to 0.15 dex more negative than in previous work, due to a previously overlooked NLTE effect of blocking of UV lithium lines by background opacities, which has important implications for a wide range of science cases. We derive a new 3D NLTE solar abundance of $\textrm{A(Li)} = 0.96 \pm 0.05$, which is 0.09 dex lower than the commonly used value. We make our grids of synthetic spectra and abundance corrections publicly available through the Breidablik package. This package includes methods for accurately interpolating our grid to arbitrary stellar parameters through methods based on Kriging (Gaussian process regression) for line profiles, and MLP (Multi-Layer Perceptrons, a class of fully connected feedforward neural networks) for NLTE corrections and 3D NLTE abundances from equivalent widths, achieving interpolation errors of the order 0.01 dex.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam against Gram-negative isolates from patients with lower respiratory tract infections – SMART United States 2018–2019
Creators: name: Karlowsky, James A.
name: Lob, Sibylle H.
name: Young, Katherine
name: Motyl, Mary R.
name: Sahm, Daniel F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Species distribution of C/T-nonsusceptible Enterobacterales – SMART 2018–2019, United States
HI study of isolated and pair galaxies: the MIR SFR-M$\star$ sequence
Creators: name: Bok, Jamie
name: Skelton, Rosalind E.
name: Cluver, Michelle E.
name: Jarrett, Thomas H.
name: Jones, Michael G.
name: Verdes-Montenegro, Lourdes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using mid-infrared star formation rate and stellar mass indicators in $\textit{WISE}$, we construct and contrast the relation between star formation rate and stellar mass for isolated and paired galaxies. Our samples comprise a selection of AMIGA (isolated galaxies) and pairs of ALFALFA galaxies with HI detections such that we can examine the relationship between HI content (gas fraction, HI deficiency) and galaxy location on the main sequence (MS) in these two contrasting environments. We derive for the first time an HI scaling relation for isolated galaxies using $\textit{WISE}$ stellar masses, and thereby establish a baseline predictor of HI content that can be used to assess the impact of environment on HI content when compared with samples of galaxies in different environments. We use this updated relation to determine the HI deficiency of both our paired and isolated galaxies. Across all the quantities examined as a function of environment in this work (MS location, gas fraction, and HI deficiency), the AMIGA sample of isolated galaxies is found to have the lower dispersion: $σ_{\rm{AMIGA}} = 0.37$ versus $σ_{\rm{PAIRS}} = 0.55$ on the MS, $σ_{\rm{AMIGA}} = 0.44$ versus $σ_{\rm{PAIRS}} = 0.54$ in gas fraction, and $σ_{\rm{AMIGA}} = 0.28$ versus $σ_{\rm{PAIRS}} = 0.34$ in HI deficiency. We also note fewer isolated quiescent galaxies, 3 (0.6$\%$), compared to 12 (2.3$\%$) quiescent pair members. Our results suggest the differences in scatter measured between our samples are environment driven. Galaxies in isolation behave relatively predictably, and galaxies in more densely populated environments adopt a more stochastic behaviour, across a broad range of quantities.
Generalized Korn's inequality and conformal Killing vectors
Creators: name: Dain, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Korn's inequality plays an important role in linear elasticity theory. This inequality bounds the norm of the derivatives of the displacement vector by the norm of the linearized strain tensor. The kernel of the linearized strain tensor are the infinitesimal rigid-body translations and rotations (Killing vectors). We generalize this inequality by replacing the linearized strain tensor by its trace free part. That is, we obtain a stronger inequality in which the kernel of the relevant operator are the conformal Killing vectors. The new inequality has applications in General Relativity.
description: 8 pages
On the domains of Bessel operators
Creators: name: Dereziński, Jan
name: Georgescu, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47E99, 81Q80

description: We consider the Schrödinger operator on the halfline with the potential $(m^2-\frac14)\frac1{x^2}$, often called the Bessel operator. We assume that $m$ is complex. We study the domains of various closed homogeneous realizations of the Bessel operator. In particular, we prove that the domain of its minimal realization for $|\Re(m)|<1$ and of its unique closed realization for $\Re(m)>1$ coincide with the minimal second order Sobolev space. On the other hand, if $\Re(m)=1$ the minimal second order Sobolev space is a subspace of infinite codimension of the domain of the unique closed Bessel operator. The properties of Bessel operators are compared with the properties of the corresponding bilinear forms.
Regular Abstractions for Array Systems
Creators: name: Hong, Chih-Duo
name: Lin, Anthony W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Verifying safety and liveness over array systems is a highly challenging problem. Array systems naturally capture parameterized systems such as distributed protocols with an unbounded number of processes. Such distributed protocols often exploit process IDs during their computation, resulting in array systems whose element values range over an infinite domain. In this paper, we develop a novel framework for proving safety and liveness over array systems. The crux of the framework is to overapproximate an array system as a string rewriting system (i.e. over a finite alphabet) by means of a new predicate abstraction that exploits the so-called indexed predicates. This allows us to tap into powerful verification methods for string rewriting systems that have been heavily developed in the last few decades (e.g. regular model checking). We demonstrate how our method yields simple, automatically verifiable proofs of safety and liveness properties for challenging examples, including Dijkstra's self-stabilizing protocol and the Chang-Roberts leader election protocol.
Accumulated labours : First Nations art in British Columbia, 1922-1961
Creators: name: Hawker, Ronald W.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this dissertation, I chart the conflicting and shifting assertions of meaning for Northwest Coast objects in Canada through a series of representational projects implemented between 1922 and 1961, beginning in January 1922, with the prosecution by the Department of Indian Affairs of participants in the Cranmer potlatch. The intersection between the concept of the 'fatal impact' or death of First Nations societies under European modernization, federal assimilationist policies, the government's exercise of disciplinary control, and the expansion of public museum collections was explicitly illustrated when the Lekwiltok, Mamalillikulla, and the Nimpkish peoples surrendered over seventeen cases of ceremonial objects in exchange for suspended sentences for violating the potlatch ban. The dissertation concludes by examining the Gitanyow agreement, engineered between 1958 and 1961, in which Gitanyow laws, histories and territories would be published by the government of British Columbia in exchange for the removal and replication of four crest poles. The raising of the poles' replicas in 1961 coincided with Canadian parliament's approval of the enfranchisement of First Nations people, the theoretical end to the era of assimilation in Canada. These events bookend a period in which representation continued to be entwined with politica and social conditions created by the Indian Act that depended on promulgating views that First Nations lifeways were vanishing. However, production of Northwest Coast objects retained significance throughout this period, such objects playing complex and multifaceted roles. Because of the symbolic and financial value many Euro-Canadians attached to First Nations objects, "art" proved an avenue for communicating First Nations-related social, political and economic issues. The objects produced or displayed between 1922 and 1961 operated through the projects I describe in the intertwined transformative processes of identity construction and boundary marking among individual First Nations groups and within Canadian national identity. Through these projects, important steps were taken in formulating two major characteristics of the post-1960 period: 1. a burgeoning market in Northwest Coast objects constructed as "traditional;" and 2. First Nations activism for land claims and self-determination using "tradition" and "art" as a platform in activism for land claims and self-determination.
Herms, Eilert: Erfahrbare Kirche, Beiträge zur Ekklesiologie
Creators: name: Heintze, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 40 Nr. 4 (1991): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 40, Heft 4
On the automorphism group of generalized Baumslag-Solitar groups
Creators: name: Levitt, Gilbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65 (Primary) 20E08 (Secondary)

description: A generalized Baumslag-Solitar group (GBS group) is a finitely generated group $G$ which acts on a tree with all edge and vertex stabilizers infinite cyclic. We show that Out(G) either contains non-abelian free groups or is virtually nilpotent of class at most 2. It has torsion only at finitely many primes. One may decide algorithmically whether Out(G) is virtually nilpotent or not. If it is, one may decide whether it is virtually abelian, or finitely generated. The isomorphism problem is solvable among GBS groups with Out(G) virtually nilpotent. If $G$ is unimodular (virtually $F_n \times Z$), then Out(G) is commensurable with a semi-direct product $Z^k \rtimes Out(H)$ with $H$ virtually free.
Revealing Ionization Conditions of Sz 102 with Spatially Resolved [Ne III] Microjets
Creators: name: Liu, Chun-Fan
name: Shang, Hsien
name: Herczeg, Gregory J.
name: Walter, Frederick M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Forbidden neon emission lines from small-scale microjets can probe high-energy processes in low-mass young stellar systems. We obtained spatially resolved [Ne III] spectra of the microjets from the classical T Tauri Star Sz 102 using the Hubble Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (HST/STIS) at a spatial resolution of ~0".1. The blueshifted and redshifted [Ne III] emission both peak in intensity within ~0".1 of the star and gradually decay along the flow outward to ~0".24. The spatial distribution and extent of the [Ne III] microjet is consistent with a jet that is ionized close to the base and subsequently recombines on a longer timescale than the flow time. Ca II H and K lines are also detected from the redshifted microjet with a line full-width at half-maximum of ~170 km/s, consistent with those of other forbidden emission lines, atop a 300-km/s wide stellar component. The launching radius of the Sz 102 jet, inferred from the observed line centroids and the range of inclination angles and stellar masses from the literature, is on the order of ~0.03 au. The possible proximity of the launching region to the star allows immediate ionization without distance dilution from the circumstellar ionization sources, most likely keV X-ray flares generated by magnetic reconnection events in the star-disk system, to sustain the observed [Ne III] flux.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables; accepted by ApJ
Additional file 2 of Activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam against Gram-negative isolates from patients with lower respiratory tract infections – SMART United States 2018–2019
Creators: name: Karlowsky, James A.
name: Lob, Sibylle H.
name: Young, Katherine
name: Motyl, Mary R.
name: Sahm, Daniel F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. In vitro susceptibility to C/T of the most common MDR phenotypes of P. aeruginosa and Enterobacterales
Additional file 3 of Activity of ceftolozane/tazobactam against Gram-negative isolates from patients with lower respiratory tract infections – SMART United States 2018–2019
Creators: name: Karlowsky, James A.
name: Lob, Sibylle H.
name: Young, Katherine
name: Motyl, Mary R.
name: Sahm, Daniel F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 3: Fig. S1. Species distribution of 3717 isolates of Gram-negative bacilli collected from patients with lower respiratory tract infections – SMART 2018–2019, United States
Precision timing of PSR J0437-4715: an accurate pulsar distance, a high pulsar mass and a limit on the variation of Newton's gravitational constant
Creators: name: Verbiest, J. P. W.
name: Bailes, M.
name: van Straten, W.
name: Hobbs, G. B.
name: Edwards, R. T.
name: Manchester, R. N.
name: Bhat, N. D. R.
name: Sarkissian, J. M.
name: Jacoby, B. A.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analysis of ten years of high-precision timing data on the millisecond pulsar PSR J0437-4715 has resulted in a model-independent kinematic distance based on an apparent orbital period derivative, Pbdot, determined at the 1.5% level of precision (Dk = 157.0 +/- 2.4 pc), making it one of the most accurate stellar distance estimates published to date. The discrepancy between this measurement and a previously published parallax distance estimate is attributed to errors in the DE200 Solar System ephemerides. The precise measurement of Pbdot allows a limit on the variation of Newton's gravitational constant, |Gdot/G| < 23 x 10^{-12} 1/yr. We also constrain any anomalous acceleration along the line of sight to the pulsar to |a(Sun)/c| < 1.5 x 10^{-18} 1/s at 95% confidence, and derive a pulsar mass, m(psr) = 1.76 +/- 0.20 M, one of the highest estimates so far obtained.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Compact InGaAs/InP single-photon detector module with ultra-narrowband interference circuits
Creators: name: Zhengyu, Yan
name: Tingting, Shi
name: Yuanbin, Fan
name: Lai, Zhou
name: Zhiliang, Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gated InGaAs/InP avalanche photodiodes are the most practical device for detection of telecom single photons arriving at regular intervals.Here, we report the development of a compact single-photon detector (SPD) module measured just 8.8cm * 6cm * 2cm in size and fully integrated with driving signal generation, faint avalanche readout, and discrimination circuits as well as temperature regulation and compensation. The readout circuit employs our previously reported ultra-narrowband interference circuits (UNICs) to eliminate the capacitive response to the gating signal. We characterize a UNIC-SPD module with a 1.25-GHz clock input and find its performance comparable to its counterpart built upon discrete functional blocks. Setting its detection efficiency to 30% for 1,550-nm photons, we obtain an afterpulsing probability of 2.4% and a dark count probability of 8E-7 per gate under 3-ns hold-off time. We believe that UNIC-SPDs will be useful in important applications such as quantum key distribution.
Making crime count : a study of the institutional production of criminal justice statistics
Creators: name: Haggerty, Kevin Daniel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Official statistics provide us with some of our most important insights into crime and the criminal justice system. Sociologists, however, have generally not examined the institutions which produce these statistics. "Making Crime Count" addresses this lacuna through a study of the Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics (CCJS), which is Canada's sole source for national criminal justice statistics. To do so it employs a methodological combination of focused interviews, participant observation and documentary analysis. The availability of criminal justice statistics has fostered a distinctive approach to the governance of crime and criminal justice. A form of 'actuarial justice' has emerged whereby crime is increasingly understood as a statistical probability rather than a moral failing. At the same time, criminal justice statistics render criminal justice organizations amenable to governmental strategies that aim to manage the system. To examine the means by which the Centre has been able to produce its statistics, I draw from contemporary work in the sociology of science which emphasizes the role of complex knowledge networks in the production of scientific facts. Within the Centre's 'knowledge network' assorted elements and institutions must be aligned. We document the ways in which the CCJS is in continual negotiation with the police in order to secure data for the 'uniform crime report' survey. The Centre's controversial 1990 proposal to collect race/crime data is also explored as an example of the power and politics of official classifications. Although the Centre must maintain the appearance of being apolitical, they are occasionally engaged in micro- political negotiations in order to produce their statistics. We document the role that different jurisdictions play in shaping the Centre's knowledge production regime. Once their statistics are collected, there can be negotiations over how they should be publicized. The style of presentation employed by the CCJS is ultimately influenced by organizational constraints, audience considerations and epistemic concerns. The overall results of this research underline the importance for authors writing on 'governmentality' to consider the means through which governmental knowledge is produced.
Stability of Hydrides in Sub-Neptune Exoplanets with Thick Hydrogen-Rich Atmospheres
Creators: name: Kim, Taehyun
name: Wei, Xuehui
name: Chariton, Stella
name: Prakapenka, Vitali B.
name: Ryu, Young-Jay
name: Yang, Shize
name: Shim, Sang-Heon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many sub-Neptune exoplanets have been believed to be composed of a thick hydrogen-dominated atmosphere and a high-temperature heavier-element-dominant core. From an assumption that there is no chemical reaction between hydrogen and silicates/metals at the atmosphere-interior boundary, the cores of sub-Neptunes have been modeled with molten silicates and metals (magma) in previous studies. In large sub-Neptunes, pressure at the atmosphere-magma boundary can reach tens of gigapascals where hydrogen is a dense liquid. A recent experiment showed that hydrogen can induce the reduction of Fe$^{2+}$ in (Mg,Fe)O to Fe$^0$ metal at the pressure-temperature conditions relevant to the atmosphere-interior boundary. However, it is unclear if Mg, one of the abundant heavy elements in the planetary interiors, remains oxidized or can be reduced by H. Our experiments in the laser-heated diamond-anvil cell found that heating of MgO + Fe to 3500-4900 K (close to or above their melting temperatures) in a H medium leads to the formation of Mg$_2$FeH$_6$ and H$_2$O at 8-13 GPa. At 26-29 GPa, the behavior of the system changes, and Mg-H in an H fluid and H$_2$O were detected with separate FeH$_x$. The observations indicate the dissociation of the Mg-O bond by H and subsequent production of hydride and water. Therefore, the atmosphere-magma interaction can lead to a fundamentally different mineralogy for sub-Neptune exoplanets compared with rocky planets. The change in the chemical reaction at the higher pressures can also affect the size demographics (i.e., "radius cliff") and the atmosphere chemistry of sub-Neptune exoplanets.
Reconsidering Empathy: An Interpersonal Approach and Participatory Arts in the Medical Humanities.
Creators: name: Cao, Erica
name: Blinderman, Craig D
name: Cross, Professor Cross
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: The decline of empathy among health professional students, highlighted in the literature on health education, is a concern for medical educators. The evidence suggests that empathy decline is likely to stem more from structural problems in the healthcare system rather than from individual deficits of empathy. In this paper, we argue that a focus on direct empathy development is not effective and possibly detrimental to justice-oriented aims. Drawing on critical and narrative theory, we propose an interpersonal approach to enhance empathic capacities that is centered on constructive and transformative interactions which integrates the participatory arts and involves both patients and health professional students. We describe and evaluate a program where patients and students create collaborative, original songs. Interviews and a focus group revealed interactional processes summarized in four themes: reciprocal relationships, interactions in the community, joint goal, and varied collaboration. There was a significant enhancement of positive attitudes about care post-program amongst health professional students. The interpersonal approach may be a preliminary framework for the medical humanities to shift away from a focus on direct empathy development and further towards participatory, co-creative, and justice-oriented approaches to enhance health and thereby empathic capabilities.
Correlations in Bipartite Collaboration Networks
Creators: name: Peltomaki, Matti
name: Alava, Mikko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collaboration networks are studied as an example of growing bipartite networks. These have been previously observed to have structure such as positive correlations between nearest-neighbour degrees. However, a detailed understanding of the origin of this phenomenon and the growth dynamics is lacking. Both of these are analyzed empirically and simulated using various models. A new one is presented, incorporating empirically necessary ingredients such as bipartiteness and sublinear preferential attachment. This, and a recently proposed model of team assembly both agree roughly with some empirical observations and fail in several others.
description: 13 pages, 17 figures, 2 table, submitted to JSTAT; manuscript reorganized, figures and a table added
Anomalous thermal transport and violation of Wiedemann-Franz law in the critical regime of a charge density wave transition
Creators: name: Kountz, Erik D.
name: Zhang, Jiecheng
name: Straquadine, Joshua A. W.
name: Singh, Anisha G.
name: Bachmann, Maja D.
name: Fisher, Ian R.
name: Kivelson, Steven A.
name: Kapitulnik, Aharon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ErTe$_3$ is studied as a model system to explore thermal transport in a layered charge density wave (CDW) material. We present data from thermal diffusivity, resistivity, and specific heat measurements: There is a sharp decrease in thermal conductivity both parallel and perpendicular to the primary CDW at the CDW transition temperature. At the same time, the resistivity changes more gradually. Correspondingly, while well above and below $T_c$, a consistent description of the thermal transport applies with essentially independent electron and phonon contributions (estimated using the Wiedemann Franz law), in the critical regime no such description is possible; the observed behavior corresponds to a strongly coupled electron-phonon critical `soup.'
description: Main text 7 pages and 7 figures, supplementary text 2 pages and 2 figures
Desmodora de Man 1889
Creators: name: Leduc, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Desmodorida
Desmodoridae
Desmodora

description: Genus Desmodora de Man, 1889
Desmodora de Man, 1889: 9.
Mastodex Steiner, 1921: 25, fig. k.
Diagnosis (from Leduc & Zhao 2016)
Cuticle without ridges or spines. Cephalic capsule either smooth or partly to entirely ornamented with small vacuoles. Cephalic setae located either in labial region or on main part of cephalic capsule.
Subcephalic setae sometimes present, when present few in number and mainly located posteriorly to amphidial fovea. Amphidial fovea cryptospiral or multispiral, seldom loop-shaped. Buccal cavity with large dorsal tooth and smaller subventral teeth. Pharynx with oval or circular posterior bulb. Spicules short, arcuate, with capitulum and velum. Precloacal supplements sometimes present, usually pore-like, seldom consisting of cuticular swellings or flaps. Tail usually conical, seldom conico-cylindrical.
description: Published as part of Leduc, Daniel, 2024, Four new free-living marine nematode species (Plectida: Ceramonematidae) and two new species records (Desmodorida: Desmodorinae) from Rangitāhua / Kermadec Islands, Aotearoa / New Zealand, pp. 138-174 in European Journal of Taxonomy 970 on pages 169-170, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.970.2755, http://zenodo.org/record/14276273
Additional file 1 of Detecting and characterizing copy number variation in a large commercial U.S. Holstein cattle population
Creators: name: Ladeira, Giovanni C.
name: Pinedo, Pablo J.
name: Santos, José E. P.
name: Thatcher, William W.
name: Rezende, Fernanda M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Hall Effect for Dirac Electrons in Graphene Exposed to an Abrikosov Flux Lattice
Creators: name: Schirmer, Jonathan
name: Kumar, Ravi
name: Bagwe, Vivas
name: Raychaudhuri, Pratap
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Liu, C. -X.
name: Das, Anindya
name: Jain, J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The proposals for realizing exotic particles through coupling of quantum Hall effect to superconductivity involve spatially non-uniform magnetic fields. As a step toward that goal, we study, both theoretically and experimentally, a system of Dirac electrons exposed to an Abrikosov flux lattice. We theoretically find that non-uniform magnetic field causes a carrier-density dependent reduction of the Hall conductivity. Our studies show that this reduction originates from a rather subtle effect: a levitation of the Berry curvature within Landau levels broadened by the non-uniform magnetic field. Experimentally, we measure the magneto-transport in a monolayer graphene-hexagonal boron nitride - niobium diselenide (NbSe$_2$) heterostructure, and find a density-dependent reduction of the Hall resistivity of graphene as the temperature is lowered from above the superconducting critical temperature of NbSe$_2$, when the magnetic field is uniform, to below, where the magnetic field bunches into an Abrikosov flux lattice.
Characterizing the Orbital Eccentricities of Transiting Extrasolar Planets with Photometric Observations
Creators: name: Ford, Eric B.
name: Quinn, Samuel N.
name: Veras, Dimitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of over 200 extrasolar planets with the radial velocity (RV) technique has revealed that many giant planets have large eccentricities, in striking contrast with most of the planets in the solar system and prior theories of planet formation. The realization that many giant planets have large eccentricities raises a fundamental question: ``Do terrestrial-size planets of other stars typically have significantly eccentric orbits or nearly circular orbits like the Earth?'' Here, we demonstrate that photometric observations of transiting planets could be used to characterize the orbital eccentricities for individual transiting planets, as well the eccentricity distribution for various populations of transiting planets (e.g., those with a certain range of orbital periods or physical sizes). Such characterizations can provide valuable constraints on theories for the excitation of eccentricities and tidal dissipation. We outline the future prospects of the technique given the exciting prospects for future transit searches, such as those to be carried out by the CoRoT and Kepler missions.
description: 32 pages, 10 figures, accepted to ApJ
Additional file 10 of MicroRNA expression profile in bovine mammary gland parenchyma infected by coagulase-positive or coagulase-negative staphylococci
Creators: name: Bagnicka, Emilia
name: Kawecka-Grochocka, Ewelina
name: Pawlina-Tyszko, Klaudia
name: Zalewska, Magdalena
name: Kapusta, Aleksandra
name: Kościuczuk, Ewa
name: Marczak, Sylwester
name: Ząbek, Tomasz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10. Identified differentially expressed miRNAs involved in KEGG pathways and GO categories. Four tables containing selected KEGG pathway and GO categories with identified differentially expressed miRNAs and their exemplary target genes in the CoPS vs. H and CoNS vs. H comparisons.
Asteroseismic Inference of Subgiant Evolutionary Parameters with Deep Learning
Creators: name: Hon, Marc
name: Bellinger, Earl P.
name: Hekker, Saskia
name: Stello, Dennis
name: Kuszlewicz, James S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the observations of an unprecedented number of oscillating subgiant stars expected from NASA's TESS mission, the asteroseismic characterization of subgiant stars will be a vital task for stellar population studies and for testing our theories of stellar evolution. To determine the fundamental properties of a large sample of subgiant stars efficiently, we developed a deep learning method that estimates distributions of fundamental parameters like age and mass over a wide range of input physics by learning from a grid of stellar models varied in eight physical parameters. We applied our method to four Kepler subgiant stars and compare our results with previously determined estimates. Our results show good agreement with previous estimates for three of them (KIC 11026764, KIC 10920273, KIC 11395018). With the ability to explore a vast range of stellar parameters, we determine that the remaining star, KIC 10005473, is likely to have an age 1 Gyr younger than its previously determined estimate. Our method also estimates the efficiency of overshooting, undershooting, and microscopic diffusion processes, from which we determined that the parameters governing such processes are generally poorly-constrained in subgiant models. We further demonstrate our method's utility for ensemble asteroseismology by characterizing a sample of 30 Kepler subgiant stars, where we find a majority of our age, mass, and radius estimates agree within uncertainties from more computationally expensive grid-based modelling techniques.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures. Published in MNRAS. Updated citations and amendments to Figure 2 reference in V2
The Fate of Simple Organics on Titan's Surface: A Theoretical Perspective
Creators: name: Yu, Xinting
name: Yu, Yue
name: Garver, Julia
name: Zhang, Xi
name: McGuiggan, Patricia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atmospheric photochemistry on Titan continuously transforms methane and nitrogen gases into various organic compounds. This study explores the fate of these molecules when they land on Titan's surface. Our analytical exploration reveals that most simple organics found in Titan's atmosphere, including all nitriles, triple-bonded hydrocarbons, and benzene, land as solids. Only a few compounds are in the liquid phase, while only ethylene remains gaseous. For the simple organics that land as solids, we further examine their interactions with Titan's lake liquids. Utilizing principles of buoyancy, we found that flotation can be achieved via porosity-induced (25-60% porosity) or capillary force-induced buoyancy for HCN ices on ethane-rich lakes. Otherwise, these ices would sink and become lakebed sediments. By evaluating the timescale of flotation, our findings suggest that porosity-induced flotation of millimeter-sized and larger sediments is the only plausible mechanism for floating solids to explain the transient "magic islands" phenomena on Titan's lakes.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Spin filter using a semiconductor quantum ring side-coupled to a quantum wire
Creators: name: Lee, Minchul
name: Bruder, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new spin filter based on spin-resolved Fano resonances due to spin-split levels in a quantum ring (QR) side-coupled to a quantum wire (QW). Spin-orbit coupling inside the QR, together with external magnetic fields, induces spin splitting, and the Fano resonances due to the spin-split levels result in perfect or considerable suppression of the transport of either spin direction. Using the numerical renormalization group method, we find that the Coulomb interaction in the QR enhances the spin filter operation by widening the separation between dips in conductances for different spins and by allowing perfect blocking for one spin direction and perfect transmission for the other. The spin-filter effect persists as long as the temperature is less than the broadening of QR levels due to the QW-QR coupling. We discuss realistic conditions for the QR-based spin filter and its advantages to other similar devices.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Theory-based scaling laws of near and far scrape-off layer widths in single-null L-mode discharges
Creators: name: Giacomin, M.
name: Stagni, A.
name: Ricci, P.
name: Boedo, J. A.
name: Horacek, J.
name: Reimerdes, H.
name: Tsui, C. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theory-based scaling laws of the near and far scrape-off layer (SOL) widths are analytically derived for L-mode diverted tokamak discharges by using a two-fluid model. The near SOL pressure and density decay lengths are obtained by leveraging a balance among the power source, perpendicular turbulent transport across the separatrix, and parallel losses at the vessel wall, while the far SOL pressure and density decay lengths are derived by using a model of intermittent transport mediated by filaments. The analytical estimates of the pressure decay length in the near SOL is then compared to the results of three-dimensional, flux-driven, global, two-fluid turbulence simulations of L-mode diverted tokamak plasmas, and validated against experimental measurements taken from an experimental multi-machine database of divertor heat flux profiles, showing in both cases a very good agreement. Analogously, the theoretical scaling law for the pressure decay length in the far SOL is compared to simulation results and to experimental measurements in TCV L-mode discharges, pointing out the need of a large multi-machine database for the far SOL decay lengths.
description: Nucl. Fusion 2021
Period modulations of the long secondary periods on the AGB stars
Creators: name: Takayama, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 30$\%$--50$\%$ of the luminous pulsating red-giant stars show light variations of a longer period than the pulsation periods. Those periods are called long secondary periods (LSP). There has been debated for many years but the origin of the LSP is still unknown. To explain the LSP variations, there have been many approaches in not only observations but also theoretical studies. However, the invariance of the length of the LSPs has been investigated little. Thus, we studied the temporal variations of the period by performing the weighted wavelet-Z-transform analysis.
 Using the OGLE-III database, the $I$-band light curves of 6904 and 1945 LSP candidates in the Large/Small Magellanic Clouds, respectively, were analyzed. Most of our sample stars indicated that the period corresponding to the LSP was constant during the observation term. However, 101 and 44 LSP stars in the LMC and SMC, respectively, showed the signature of the temporal variations of the LSPs. There were diversities of the period modulations i.e. monotonic increase or decrease, or constant until the middle and then increase, etc. The comet-like companion is one of the possible explanations for the LSP variations, but this hypothesis cannot explain the period modulations because the LSP is determined by the orbital period.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures; published in Stars and Galaxies on 28 December, 2023
Optical orientation of electron spins by linearly polarized light
Creators: name: Tarasenko, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Absorption of circularly polarized light in semiconductors is known to result in optical orientation of electron and hole spins. It has been shown here that in semiconductor quantum well structures spin orientation of carriers can be achieved by linearly or even unpolarized light. Moreover, the sign and magnitude of the spin orientation can be varied by rotating the polarization plane of incidence light. The effect under study is related to reduced symmetry of the quantum wells as compared to bulk materials and, microscopically, caused by zero-field spin splitting of electron and hole states.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Locality of temperature and correlations in the presence of non-zero-temperature phase transitions
Creators: name: Santana, Senaida Hernández
name: Molnar, Andras
name: Gogolin, Christian
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
name: Acín, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While temperature is well understood as an intensive quantity in standard thermodynamics, it is less clear whether the same holds in the presence of strong correlations, especially in the case of quantum systems, which may even display correlations with no classical analogue. The problem lies in the fact that, under the presence of strong correlations, subsystems of a system in thermal equilibrium are, in general, not described by a thermal state at the same temperature as the global system and thus one cannot simply assign a local temperature to them. However, there have been identified situations in which correlations in thermal states decay sufficiently fast so that the state of their subsystems can be very well approximated by the reduced states of equilibrium systems that are only slightly bigger than the subsystems themselves, hence allowing for a valid local definition of temperature. In this work, we address the question of whether temperature is locally well defined for a bosonic system with local interactions that undergoes a phase transition at non-zero temperature. We consider a three-dimensional bosonic model in the grand canonical state and verify that a certain form of locality of temperature holds regardless of the temperature, and despite the presence of infinite-range correlations at and below the critical temperature of the phase transition.
Measurements of the Hyperfine Structure of Atomic Energy Levels in Co II
Creators: name: Ding, Milan
name: Pickering, Juliet C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analysis of hyperfine structure constants of singly ionised cobalt (Co II) were performed on cobalt spectra measured by Fourier transform spectrometers in the region $3000-63000$ cm$^{-1}$ ($3333-159$ nm). Fits to over $700$ spectral lines led to measurements of $292$ magnetic dipole hyperfine interaction $A$ constants, with values between $-32.5$ mK and $59.5$ mK ($1$ mK $=0.001$ cm$^{-1}$). Uncertainties of $255$ A constants were between $\pm0.4$ mK and $\pm3.0$ mK, the remaining $37$ ranged up to $\pm7$ mK. The electric quadrupole hyperfine interaction $B$ constant could be estimated for only $1$ energy level. The number of Co II levels with known $A$ values has now increased tenfold, improving and enabling the wider, more reliable and accurate application of Co II in astronomical chemical abundance analyses.
description: Revision accepted by ApJS
The Fast Radio Burst Dispersion Measure Distribution
Creators: name: Arcus, W. R.
name: Macquart, J. -P.
name: Sammons, M. W.
name: James, C. W.
name: Ekers, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the dispersion measure (DM) statistics of FRBs detected by the ASKAP and Parkes radio telescopes. We jointly model their DM distributions, exploiting the fact that the telescopes have different survey fluence limits but likely sample the same underlying population. After accounting for the effects of instrumental temporal and spectral resolution of each sample, we find that a fit between the modelled and observed DM distribution, using identical population parameters, provides a good fit to both distributions. Assuming a one-to-one mapping between DM and redshift for an homogeneous intergalactic medium (IGM), we determine the best-fit parameters of the population spectral index, $\hatα$, and the power-law index of the burst energy distribution, $\hatγ$, for different redshift evolutionary models. Whilst the overall best-fit model yields $\hatα=2.2_{-1.0}^{+0.7}$ and $\hatγ=2.0_{-0.1}^{+0.3}$, for a strong redshift evolutionary model, when we admit the further constraint of $α=1.5$ we favour the best fit $\hatγ=1.5 \pm 0.2$ and the case of no redshift evolution. Moreover, we find no evidence that the FRB population evolves faster than linearly with respect to the star formation rate over the DM (redshift) range for the sampled population.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures. Accepted by MNRAS
White Rabbit Time Synchronization for Radiation Detector Readout Electronics
Creators: name: Hennig, Wolfgang
name: Hoover, Shawn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As radiation detector arrays in nuclear physics applications become larger and physically more separated, the time synchronization and trigger distribution between many channels of detector readout electronics become more challenging. Clocks and triggers are traditionally distributed through dedicated cabling, but newer methods such as the IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol and White Rabbit allow clock synchronization through the exchange of timing messages over Ethernet. Consequently, we report here the use of White Rabbit in a new detector readout module, the Pixie-Net XL. The White Rabbit core, data capture from multiple digitizing channels, and subsequent pulse processing for pulse height and constant fraction timing are implemented in a Kintex 7 FPGA. The detector data records include White Rabbit time stamps and are transmitted to storage through the White Rabbit core's gigabit Ethernet data path or a slower diagnostic/control link using an embedded Zynq processor. The performance is characterized by time-of-flight style measurements and by time correlation of high energy background events from cosmic showers in detectors separated by longer distances. Software for the Zynq processor can implement "software triggering", for example to limit recording of data to events where a minimum number of channels from multiple modules detect radiation at the same time.