cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Conformation dependence of molecular conductance: chemistry versus geometry
Creators: name: Finch, C. M.
name: Sirichantaropass, S.
name: Bailey, S. W.
name: Grace, I. M.
name: García-Suárez, V. M.
name: Lambert, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments by Venkatamaran {\em et al.} [Nature (London) {\bf 442}, 904 (2006)] on a series of molecular wires with varying chemical compositions, revealed a linear dependence of the conductance on $\mathrm{cos}^2θ$, where $θ$ is the angle of twist between neighboring aromatic rings. To investigate whether or not this dependence has a more general applicability, we present a first principles theoretical study of the transport properties of this family of molecules as a function of the chemical composition, conformation and the contact atom and geometry. If the Fermi energy $E_\mathrm{F}$ lies within the HOMO-LUMO gap, then we reproduce the above experimental results. More generally, however, if $E_\mathrm{F}$ is located within either the LUMO or HOMO states, the presence of resonances destroys the linear dependence of the conductance on $\mathrm{cos}^2θ$ and gives rise to non-monotonic behaviour associated with the level structure of the different molecules. Our results suggest that the above experiments provide a novel method for extracting spectroscopic information about molecules contacted to electrodes.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Supplementary document for Superior atomic coherence time controlled by crystal phase transition and optical dressing - 5778086.pdf
Creators: name: LI, JINYANG
name: Zhu, Jianfeng
name: Imran, Muhammad
name: FAN, HUANRONG
name: Mujahid, Anas
name: NADEEM, FAISAL
name: Li, Peng
name: Zhang, Yanpeng
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Nonlinear Optics and Spectroscopy

description: Supplementary material
Ground-state energy and stability limit of small 3He drops
Creators: name: Sola, E.
name: Casulleras, J.
name: Boronat, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small and stable drops of 3He atoms can only exist above a minimum number of particles, due to the combination of the 3He atom Fermi statistics and its light mass. An accurate estimation of this minimum number using microscopic theory has been difficult due to the inhomogeneous and fermionic nature of these systems. We present a diffusion Monte Carlo calculation of 3He drops with sizes near the minimum in order to determine the stability threshold. The results show that the minimum self-bound drop is formed by N=30 atoms with preferred orbitals for open shells corresponding to maximum value of the spin.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
I Can Just Use This, Right? a Copyright Survival Guide for Librarians
Creators: name: Sewell, Claire
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2017
Subjects: copyright
libraries
library and information science

description: Are your students confused by copyright? Do you struggle to find the answers to their questions? You are not alone! This final session of our Librarian Toolkit series on helping researchers to publish, this workshop will deal with common copyright questions which arise during the publication process. From including copyrighted work in a thesis to sharing published work on social networks copyright is a complex minefield and it can be hard to know where to start when giving advice. This session for librarians will equip attendees with knowledge about third party copyright, making work available open access and how researchers can share their work legally online.
Implications of Shock Wave Experiments with Precompressed Materials for Giant Planet Interiors
Creators: name: Militzer, Burkhard
name: Hubbard, William B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work uses density functional molecular dynamics simulations of fluid helium at high pressure to examine how shock wave experiments with precompressed samples can help characterizing the interior of giant planets. In particular, we analyze how large of a precompression is needed to probe a certain depth in a planet's gas envelope. We find that precompressions of up to 0.1, 1.0, 10, or 100 GPa are needed to characterized 2.5, 5.9, 18, to 63% of Jupiter's envelope by mass.
description: Submitted As Proceedings Article For The American Physical Society Meeting On Shock Compression Of Condensed Matter, Hawaii, June, 2007
Stegonotus A.M.C.Duméril, Bibron & A.H.A.Duméril 1854
Creators: name: Weinell, Jeffrey L.
name: Hooper, Errol
name: Leviton, Alan E.
name: Brown, Rafe M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Colubridae
Stegonotus

description: Stegonotus
Represented in the Philippines by a single species...................... Stegonotus muelleri
description: Published as part of Weinell, Jeffrey L., Hooper, Errol, Leviton, Alan E. & Brown, Rafe M., 2019, Illustrated Key to the Snakes of the Philippines, pp. 1-49 in Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 66 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11512680
A Far Ultraviolet Study of the Nova-like V794 Aquilae
Creators: name: Godon, P.
name: Sion, E. M.
name: Barrett, P. E.
name: Szkody, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a spectral analysis of the dereddened FUSE and HST/STIS spectra separately and combined together assuming E(B-V)=0.1 & 0.2. Overall, we find that the model fits are in much better agreement with the dereddened spectra when E(B-V) is large, as excess emission in the longer wavelengths render the slope of the observed spectra almost impossible to fit, unless E(B-V)=0.2 . The best fit accretion disk model is obtained for E(B-V)=0.2 . A single white dwarf model leads to a rather hot temperature (30,000K < Twd < 55,000K depending on the assumptions) but does not provide a fit as good as the accretion disk model. A combination of a white dwarf plus a disk does not lead to a better fit. The same best fit disk model is consistently obtained when fitting the FUSE and HST/STIS spectra individually and when combined together, implying therefore that the disk model is the best fit not only in the least chi2 sense, but also as a consistent solution across a large wavelength span of observation. This is not the case with the single white dwarf model fitting which leads to a different (and therefore inconsistent) temperature for each different spectrum FUSE, STIS and FUSE+STIS.
MillimeterDL: Deep Learning Simulations of the Microwave Sky
Creators: name: Han, Dongwon
name: Sehgal, Neelima
name: Villaescusa-Navarro, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 500 high-resolution, full-sky millimeter-wave Deep Learning (DL) simulations that include lensed CMB maps and correlated foreground components. We find that these MillimeterDL simulations can reproduce a wide range of non-Gaussian summary statistics matching the input training simulations, while only being optimized to match the power spectra. The procedure we develop in this work enables the capability to mass produce independent full-sky realizations from a single expensive full-sky simulation, when ordinarily the latter would not provide enough training data. We also circumvent a common limitation of high-resolution DL simulations that they be confined to small sky areas, often due to memory or GPU issues; we do this by developing a "stitching" procedure that can faithfully recover the high-order statistics of a full-sky map without discontinuities or repeated features. In addition, since our network takes as input a full-sky lensing convergence map, it can in principle take a full-sky lensing convergence map from any large-scale structure (LSS) simulation and generate the corresponding lensed CMB and correlated foreground components at millimeter wavelengths; this is especially useful in the current era of combining results from both CMB and LSS surveys, which require a common set of simulations.
description: Sims are public on NERSC at /global/cfs/cdirs/cmb/data/generic/mmDL; see also https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/simulation/tb_sim_ov.cfm on LAMBDA. Added bispectra and covariance matrix plots
Single-photon hologram of a zero-area pulse
Creators: name: Lipka, Michał
name: Parniak, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single photons exhibit inherently quantum and unintuitive properties such as the Hong-ou-Mandel effect, demonstrating their bosonic and quantized nature, yet at the same time may correspond to single excitations of spatial or temporal modes with a very complex structure. Those two features are rarely seen together. Here we experimentally demonstrate how the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect can be spectrally-resolved and harnessed to characterize a complex temporal mode of a single-photon \textendash{} a zero-area pulse \textendash{} obtained via a resonant interaction of a terahertz-bandwidth photon with a narrow gigahertz-wide atomic transition of atomic vapor. The combination of bosonic quantum behavior with bandwidth-mismatched light-atom interaction is of fundamental importance for a deeper understanding of both phenomena, as well as their engineering offering applications in the characterization of ultra-fast transient processes.
A qualitative analysis of native child welfare : an identification of the cultural and structural dimensions of proposed Musqueam Indian Band family and child services
Creators: name: Kuperis, Stanley Ronald
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The Musqueam Indian band has no formal child welfare agreement with the province of British Columbia. Recently the Musqueam Indian Band has expressed a desire to work towards developing community based child and family services on reserve. This research examines the historical factors as well as contemporary factors relating to child welfare at the Musqueam Indian Band. This research utilized a qualitative research paradigm to identify the specific community dimensions that would be the basis for autonomous family and child services at the band. This study identifies the importance of kinship, linguistic, geographic, religious, experimental and contemporary dimensions within the Musqueam community. This study goes on to provide policy and program recommendations for culturally specific family and child services at the band. This research will be incorporated into a funding proposal put forward to the provincial government for programs and services at the Musqueam Indian Band.
Trimeresurus
Creators: name: Weinell, Jeffrey L.
name: Hooper, Errol
name: Leviton, Alan E.
name: Brown, Rafe M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Viperidae
Trimeresurus

description: Trimeresurus
Key to Philippine species.
1a. Tail color distinctly different from body color (in life: tail color red, body color green); hemipenes spinose........................................... Trimeresurus schultzei
1b. Tail color not distinctly different from body color (in life: tail and body may be green, red, orange, yellow, gray, or white); hemipenes lack spines............................... 2
2a. Body and tail color green (adults and some juveniles in life) or red (some juveniles in life)...................................................... Trimeresurus flavomaculatus
2b. Body and tail color yellow, gray, or white (in life)............... Trimeresurus mcgregori
description: Published as part of Weinell, Jeffrey L., Hooper, Errol, Leviton, Alan E. & Brown, Rafe M., 2019, Illustrated Key to the Snakes of the Philippines, pp. 1-49 in Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 66 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11512680
Imperial 'adlocutiones' to the army: performance, recording and functions (2nd-4th centuries CE)
Creators: name: Andriollo, Luisa
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2021

description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 21 (2018): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Directed or Undirected? A New Index to Check for Directionality of Relations in Socio-Economic Networks
Creators: name: Fagiolo, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper proposes a simple procedure to decide whether the empirically-observed adjacency or weights matrix, which characterizes the graph underlying a socio-economic network, is sufficiently symmetric (respectively, asymmetric) to justify an undirected (respectively, directed) network analysis. We introduce a new index that satisfies two main properties. First, it can be applied to both binary or weighted graphs. Second, once suitably standardized, it distributes as a standard normal over all possible adjacency/weights matrices. To test the index in practice, we present an application that employs a set of well-known empirically-observed social and economic networks.
Tropidonophis
Creators: name: Weinell, Jeffrey L.
name: Hooper, Errol
name: Leviton, Alan E.
name: Brown, Rafe M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Colubridae
Tropidonophis

description: Tropidonophis
Key to Philippine species.
1a. Dorsal body scales in 17 longitudinal rows at ventral 25....... Tropidonophis dendrophiops
1b. Dorsal body scales in 19 longitudinal rows at ventral 25........ Tropidonophis negrosensis
description: Published as part of Weinell, Jeffrey L., Hooper, Errol, Leviton, Alan E. & Brown, Rafe M., 2019, Illustrated Key to the Snakes of the Philippines, pp. 1-49 in Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 66 (1) on page 35, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11512680
Xenopeltis
Creators: name: Weinell, Jeffrey L.
name: Hooper, Errol
name: Leviton, Alan E.
name: Brown, Rafe M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Xenopeltidae
Xenopeltis

description: Xenopeltis
Represented in the Philippines by a single species...................... Xenopeltis unicolor
description: Published as part of Weinell, Jeffrey L., Hooper, Errol, Leviton, Alan E. & Brown, Rafe M., 2019, Illustrated Key to the Snakes of the Philippines, pp. 1-49 in Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 66 (1) on page 35, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11512680
The Ratio of Retrograde to Prograde Orbits: A Test for Kuiper Belt Binary Formation Theories
Creators: name: Schlichting, Hilke E.
name: Sari, Re'em
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the discovery of Kuiper Belt binaries that have wide separations and roughly equal masses new theories were proposed to explain their formation. Two formation scenarios were suggested by Goldreich and collaborators: In the first, dynamical friction that is generated by a sea of small bodies enables a transient binary to become bound ($L^2s$ mechanism); in the second, a transient binary gets bound by an encounter with a third body ($L^3$ mechanism). We show that these different binary formation scenarios leave their own unique signatures in the relative abundance of prograde to retrograde binary orbits. This signature is due to stable retrograde orbits that exist much further out in the Hill sphere than prograde orbits. It provides an excellent opportunity to distinguish between the different binary formation scenarios observationally. We predict that if binary formation proceeded while sub-Hill velocities prevailed, the vast majority of all comparable mass ratio binaries have retrograde orbits. This dominance of retrograde binary orbits is a result of binary formation via the $L^2s$ mechanism, or any other mechanism that dissipates energy in a smooth and gradual manner. For super-Hill velocities binary formation proceeds via the $L^3$ mechanism which produces a roughly equal number of prograde and retrograde binaries. These predictions assume that subsequent orbital evolution due to dynamical friction and dynamical stirring of the Kuiper belt did not alter the sense of the binary orbit after formation.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, minor changes, added section on comparison with recent observations, accepted for publication in ApJ
Determining Higgs boson width at electron-positron colliders
Creators: name: Yan, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Probing Higgs width $Γ_h$ is critical to test the Higgs properties. In this work we propose to measure $Γ_h$ at the $e^+e^-$ collider with a model-independent analysis under the Standard Model Effective Field Theory framework. We demonstrate that making use of the cross section measurements from $e^+e^-\to Zh$, $e^+e^-\to ν_e\barν_eh$ production and Higgs decay branching ratios $h\to WW^*/ZZ^*/γγ$, one could determine $Γ_h$ at a percentage level with a center of mass energy $\sqrt{s}=250$ and 350 GeV and integrated luminosity $5~{\rm ab}^{-1}$. This conclusion would not depend on the assumption of the fermion Yukawa interactions. We further apply this result to constrain the fermion Yukawa couplings and it shows that the couplings could be well constrained.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, the published version in PLB
Framework-level resource awareness in robotics and intelligent systems. Improving dependability by exploiting knowledge about system resources
Creators: name: Wienke, Johannes
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 000

description: Modern robots have evolved to complex hardware and software systems. As such, their construction and maintenance have become more challenging and the potential for failures has increased. These failures and the resulting reduction of dependability have a considerable effect on the acceptance and usefulness of robotics systems in their intended applications. Even though different software engineering techniques have been developed to control dependability-critical aspects of such complex systems, the state of the art for experimental robotics and intelligent systems is that – if at all – functional properties are systematically controlled though techniques such as unit testing and simulation runs. Yet, system dependability can also be impaired if nonfunctional properties behave unexpectedly. This thesis focuses on the utilization of system resources such as CPU, memory, or network bandwidth as an important nonfunctional aspect, which has not received much systematic treatment in robotics and intelligent systems so far. Unexpected utilizations of system resources can have effects ranging from merely wasting energy and reducing a robot’s operational time to a degradation in its function due to processing delays. Even safety-critical situations can arise, for instance, if a motion planner or obstacle avoidance component cannot react before a collision. Therefore, the systematic analysis of a system’s resource utilization, a guidance of developers regarding these aspects, and testing and fault detection for unexpected resource utilization patterns are an effective contribution of this thesis towards more reliable robots. In this work I describe a concept for integrating resource awareness into component-based robotics and intelligent systems. This concept specifically addresses the often loosely controlled development process predominant in experimental research. As such, the presented methods have to be applicable without a high overhead or large changes to the evolved development methods and system structures. Within this concept, which I termed framework-level resource awareness, I have explored methods in two directions: On the one hand, a set of tools helps developers to understand and systematically control the resource utilization while developing and testing systems. On the other hand, I have applied machine learning techniques to enable autonomous reactions at runtime based on predictions about the resource utilization of system components. With the two views, this work explores novel directions for implementing resource awareness in research systems and the conducted evaluations underline the suitability of the framework-level resource awareness concept.
A microbiological study of the enhanced biological phosphate removal process
Creators: name: Chu, Angus
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The research objective in this thesis is to define and clarify specific functional properties of sewage treatment process biomass. The specific objective is to determine whether the bacteria recovered from sludge correspond to the organisms with the real functional capability to sequester phosphate within the sewage ecosystem. This objective has been broken down into three categories. The first category deals with these organisms in terms of their recovery and viability. The second deals with their identification. The third deals with the phosphate accumulating ability of the isolated organisms. To address the question of recovery, the microscopic numbers of bacteria isolated from sludge were compared to the organisms recovered from plating. The results from this comparison was similar to previously published data (1-10% recovery). The 8 um fractionation assay allowed the fractionation of sewage into two separate components (filtrate and filter) and the ability to look at the fractions in terms of recovery and phosphate accumulating capacity. From this assay it was shown that the floes were responsible for the majority of the phosphate accumulation. Microscopic autoradiography also confirmed this observation. The cross plating technique was an attempt to improve recovery from solid media and to look at whether different organisms were selected under different nutrient conditions. Identification of two of the populations isolated from different media suggested that the type of media played a central role in recovery. Microplating was attempted in order to look at colony development at the microscopic level to answer some fundamental questions regarding recovery from floes and free bacteria. To answer the question of which bacteria are responsible for the phenomenon of phosphate accumulation, a pure culture autoradiographic assay was developed to screen organisms isolated from sludge for their potential to accumulate excessive amounts of phosphates. Autoradiography of pure cultures after growth in plate conditions mimicking the nutritional parameters of the Bio-P process allowed the correlation of the potential to accumulate phosphate to individual isolated bacteria. From these results it was shown that, contrary to what many investigators believe, Acinetobacter may not be the only genus in tertiary sewage treatment that is responsible for phosphate accumulation. The results indicate that there are specific groups within the genus Acinetobacter and other genera that have the potential to accumulate phosphate under these conditions.
Four-quark spectroscopy within the hyperspherical formalism
Creators: name: Barnea, N.
name: Vijande, J.
name: Valcarce, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a generalization of the hyperspherical harmonic formalism to study systems made of quarks and antiquarks of the same flavor. This generalization is based on the symmetrization of the $N-$body wave function with respect to the symmetric group using the Barnea and Novoselsky algorithm. The formalism is applied to study four-quark systems by means of a constituent quark model successful in the description of the two- and three-quark systems. The results are compared to those obtained by means of variational approaches. Our analysis shows that four-quark systems with exotic $0^{+-}$ and non-exotic $2^{++}$ quantum numbers may be bound independently of the mass of the quark. $2^{+-}$ and $1^{+-}$ states become attractive only for larger mass of the quarks.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures
Quantum Superposition State Production by Continuous Observations and Feedback
Creators: name: Negretti, Antonio
name: Poulsen, Uffe V.
name: Molmer, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a protocol for generation of superpositions of states with distinguishable field amplitudes in an optical cavity by quantum nondemolition photon number measurements and coherent feeding of the cavity.
description: RevTex4, 4 pages, 2 figures. Published in Phys. Rev. Lett. with higher quality figures. The first part of the manuscript, regarding the Fock state generator, has been removed
Additional file 1 of “Major pathologic response” in lymph nodes: a modified nodal classification for non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy
Creators: name: Deng, Hongsheng
name: Xiong, Shan
name: Zhong, Ran
name: Zheng, Yongmei
name: Liang, Hengrui
name: Cheng, Bo
name: Li, Jianfu
name: Li, Feng
name: Chen, Zhuxing
name: Wang, Haixuan
name: He, Jianxing
name: Liang, Wenhua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Table S1. Demographic characteristics, clinical-pathological characteristics and survival outcomes of 53 study participants.
Secondary resonances of co-orbital motions
Creators: name: Erdi, B.
name: Nagy, I.
name: Sandor, Z.
name: Suli, A.
name: Frohlich, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The size distribution of the stability region around the Lagrangian point L4 is investigated in the elliptic restricted three-body problem as the function of the mass parameter and the orbital eccentricity of the primaries. It is shown that there are minimum zones in the size distribution of the stability regions, and these zones are connected with secondary resonances between the frequencies of librational motions around L4. The results can be applied to hypothetical Trojan planets for predicting values of the mass parameter and the eccentricity for which such objects can be expected or their existence is less probable.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Stimulated resonant spin amplification reveals millisecond electron spin coherence time of rare-earth ions in solids
Creators: name: Belykh, V. V.
name: Korotneva, A. R.
name: Yakovlev, D. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inhomogeneity of an electron spin ensemble as well as fluctuating environment acting upon individual spins drastically shorten the spin coherence time $T_2$ and hinder coherent spin manipulation. We show that this problem can be solved by the simultaneous application of a radiofrequency (rf) field, which stimulates coherent spin precession decoupled from an inhomogeneous environment, and periodic optical pulses, which amplify this precession. The resulting resonance, taking place when the rf field frequency approaches the laser pulse repetition frequency, has a width determined by the spin coherence time $T_2$ that is free from the inhomogeneity effects. We measure a 50-Hz-narrow electron spin resonance and milliseconds-long $T_2$ for electrons in the ground state of Ce$^{3+}$ ions in the YAG lattice at low temperatures, while the inhomogeneous spin dephasing time $T_2^*$ is only 25 ns. This study paves the way to coherent optical manipulation in spin systems decoupled from their inhomogeneous environment.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
COVID-19: Implication to Food Security in Southeast Asia
Creators: name: Qurani, Ika Zahara
name: Shofwan Al Banna Choiruzzad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90899 Food Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 70199 Agriculture, Land and Farm Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences

description: The COVID-19 pandemic not only threatens the health sector but also impedes people’s access to food. This brief article examines the current outbreak situation in ASEAN Member States (AMS) as well as the imposed mobility restrictions which led to surging unemployment and worsening food security. This paper also explored actions taken by ASEAN and the recommended measures to bolster the effectiveness of its regional strategic plan implementation.
Controllable Spin Current in van der Waals Ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2
Creators: name: Zhou, Jiaqi
name: Charlier, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The control of spin current is pivotal for spintronic applications, especially for spin-orbit torque devices. Spin Hall effect (SHE) is a prevalent method to generate spin current. However, it is difficult to manipulate its spin polarization in nonmagnet. Recently, the discovery of spin current in ferromagnet offers opportunity to realize the manipulation. In the present work, the spin current in van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3GeTe2 (FGT) with varying magnetization is theoretically investigated. It has been observed that the spin current in FGT presents the nonlinear behavior with respect to magnetization. The in-plane and out-of-plane spin polarization emerges simultaneously, and the bilayer FGT can even exhibit arbitrary spin polarization thanks to the reduced symmetry. More intriguingly, the correlation between anomalous Hall effect (AHE) and spin anomalous Hall effect (SAHE) has been interpreted from the aspect of Berry curvature. This work illustrates that the interplay of symmetry and magnetism can effectively control the magnitude and spin polarization of the spin current, providing a practical method to realize exotic spin-orbit torques.
An Extensible Graph Query Language for Model-Based Information Retrieval in Intelligent Environments
Creators: name: Köster, Norman
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 000

description: Research on human behavior and the (non-)verbal interactions executed in these situations makes increasing use of intelligent systems, such as robot companions or smart environments. To allow for valuable and robust communication in these socially involved scenarios, systems executing human–robot interaction are strongly tied to and dependent on the data and knowledge provided by the various sensors and software components of the system. This data ranges from low-level raw sensor data to higher-level domain-specific knowledge derived by components applying, for example, machine learning techniques. Additionally, these systems and environments are characteristically extensively heterogeneous and highly complex, yielding large amounts of data following different schemata at diverse granularities. State-of-the-art systems therefore often structure and store available knowledge using graph-based structures, which represent the domain-specific entities and their relations. This raises the question on how to provide access to the full range of data and domain-specific knowledge of the intelligent systems in a manageable and (ideally) supportive manner. In this thesis I investigate the applicability of a Model-driven Software Engineering approach to assist behavior developers of intelligent systems and environments by supporting the information retrieval process. I analyze how extensive modeling of the domain can support the retrieval and query creation process already at query design time. Therefore, I examine questions on domain-specific language design, semantics, and composition to identify what the necessary conceptualizations are for providing an extensible graph query language, which exploits the available model-based knowledge. I further describe my efforts implementing a vertical prototype which realizes a functional slice of the proposed system. Within a detailed evaluation, which tests the implementation on users in a real world application context, I analyze the viability and advantages of my approach compared to a baseline condition making use of state-of-the-art tools. I measure cognitive load of users, task solving duration, and additionally multiple usability metrics. The results show that in terms of usability, the presented vertical prototype does not reach the professional tooling of the baseline condition and is perceived as less usable by users when designing graph database queries (GDQs). However, once the users overcame the initial learning curve, they require less effort and are more effective when designing domain-specific GDQs using the implemented conceptualizations.
Characterizing the observation bias in gravitational-wave detections and finding structured population properties
Creators: name: Veske, Doğa
name: Bartos, Imre
name: Márka, Zsuzsa
name: Márka, Szabolcs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed distributions of the source properties from gravitational-wave detections are biased due to the selection effects and detection criteria in the detections, analogous to the Malmquist bias. In this work, this observation bias is investigated through its fundamental statistical and physical origins. An efficient semi-analytical formulation for its estimation is derived which is as accurate as the standard method of numerical simulations, with only a millionth of the computational cost. Then, the estimated bias is used for unmodelled inferences on the binary black hole population. These inferences show additional structures, specifically two peaks in the joint mass distribution around binary masses $\sim10$ M$_\odot$ and $\sim30$ M$_\odot$. Example ready-to-use scripts and some produced datasets for this method are shared in an online repository.
description: Accepted to ApJ. 8 pages, 3 figures + 2 page appendix
On the significance of new physics in $b\to s\ell^+\ell^-$ decays
Creators: name: Isidori, Gino
name: Lancierini, Davide
name: Owen, Patrick
name: Serra, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by deviations with respect to Standard Model predictions in $b\to s\ell^+\ell^-$ decays, we evaluate the global significance of the new physics hypothesis in this system by including the {\it look-elsewhere effect} for the first time. We estimate the trial-factor with pseudo-experiments and find that it can be as large as seven. We calculate the global significance for the new physics hypothesis by considering the most general description of a non-standard $b\to s\ell^+\ell^-$ amplitude of short-distance origin. Theoretical uncertainties are treated in a highly conservative way by absorbing the corresponding effects into a redefinition of the Standard Model amplitude. Using the most recent measurements of LHCb, ATLAS and CMS, we obtain the global significance to be $4.3$ standard deviations.
description: Published paper version, including discussion on the effect of C7(prime) and fixed minor numerical issue. 6 pages, 4 figures - updated to match journal submission
The ACS Virgo Cluster Survey XV. The Formation Efficiencies of Globular Clusters in Early-Type Galaxies: The Effects of Mass and Environment
Creators: name: Peng, Eric W.
name: Jordan, Andres
name: Cote, Patrick
name: Takamiya, Marianne
name: West, Michael J.
name: Blakeslee, John P.
name: Chen, Chin-Wei
name: Ferrarese, Laura
name: Mei, Simona
name: Tonry, John L.
name: West, Andrew A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fraction of stellar mass contained in globular clusters (GCs), also measured by number as the specific frequency, is a fundamental quantity that reflects both a galaxy's early star formation and its entire merging history. We present specific frequencies, luminosities, and mass fractions for the globular cluster systems of 100 early-type galaxies in the ACS Virgo Cluster Survey, the largest homogeneous catalog of its kind. We find that 1) GC mass fractions can be high in both giants and dwarfs, but are universally low in galaxies with intermediate luminosities. 2) The behavior of specific frequency across galaxy mass is dominated by the blue GCs. 3) The GC fractions of low-mass galaxies exhibit a dependence on environment. Nearly all dwarf galaxies with high GC fractions are within 1 Mpc of the cD galaxy M87, presenting the first strong evidence that GC formation in dwarfs is biased toward dense environments. 4) GC formation in central dwarfs is biased because their stars form earliest and most intensely. Comparisons to the Millennium Simulation show that central dwarfs have older stellar populations and form more stars at higher star formation rates (SFRs) and SFR surface densities. The SFR surface density in simulated dwarfs peaks before the total SFR, naturally producing GC populations that are older and more metal-poor than the field stars. 5) Dwarfs within ~40 kpc of the giant ellipticals M87 and M49 are red and have few or no GCs, suggesting that they have been tidally stripped and have contributed their GCs to the halos of their giant neighbors. The central dwarfs with high GC mass fractions are thus likely to be the survivors most similar to the protogalaxies that assembled the rich M87 globular cluster system.(Abridged)
description: 27 pages, 21 figures, 7 tables. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Saccharomyces cerevisiae as host for the recombinant production of polyketides and nonribosomal peptides
Creators: name: Tippelt, Anna
name: Nett, Markus
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Heterologous expression
subject: Metabolic engineering
subject: Natural products
subject: Nonribosomal peptide synthetase
subject: Polyketide synthase
subject: Saccharomyces cerevisiae
subject: Yeast
subject: 660

description: As a robust, fast growing and genetically tractable organism, the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is one of the most widely used hosts in biotechnology. Its applications range from the manufacturing of vaccines and hormones to bulk chemicals and biofuels. In recent years, major efforts have been undertaken to expand this portfolio to include structurally complex natural products, such as polyketides and nonribosomally synthesized peptides. These compounds often have useful pharmacological properties, which make them valuable drugs for the treatment of infectious diseases, cancer, or autoimmune disorders. In nature, polyketides and nonribosomal peptides are generated by consecutive condensation reactions of short chain acyl-CoAs or amino acids, respectively, with the substrates and reaction intermediates being bound to large, multidomain enzymes. For the reconstitution of these multistep catalytic processes, the enzymatic assembly lines need to be functionally expressed and the required substrates must be supplied in reasonable quantities. Furthermore, the production hosts need to be protected from the toxicity of the biosynthetic products. In this review, we will summarize and evaluate the status quo regarding the heterologous production of polyketides and nonribosomal peptides in S. cerevisiae. Based on a comprehensive literature analysis, prerequisites for a successful pathway reconstitution could be deduced, as well as recurring bottlenecks in this microbial host.
ElATools: A tool for analyzing anisotropic elastic properties of the 2D and 3D materials
Creators: name: Yalameha, Shahram
name: Nourbakhsh, Zahra
name: Vashaee, Daryoosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a computational method and a user-friendly code with a terminal-based graphical user interface (GUI), named ElATools, developed to analyze mechanical and anisotropic elastic properties. ElATools enables facile analysis of the second-order elastic stiffness tensor of two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) crystal systems. It computes and displays the main mechanical properties including the bulk modulus, Young's modulus, shear modulus, hardness, p-wave modulus, universal anisotropy index, Chung-Buessem anisotropy index, log-Euclidean anisotropy parameter, Cauchy pressures, Poisson's ratio, and Pugh's ratio, using three averaging schemes of Voigt, Reuss, and Hill. It includes an online and offline database from the Materials Project with more than 13,000 elastic stiffness constants for 3D materials. The program supports output files of the well-known computational codes IRelast, IRelast2D, ElaStic, and AELAS. Four types of plotting and visualization tools are integrated to conveniently interface with GNUPLOT, XMGRACE, view3dscene, and plotly libraries, offering immediate post-processing of the results. It can efficiently identify anomalous mechanical properties, such as negative linear compressibility, negative Poisson's ratio, and highly-anisotropic elastic modulus in 2D and 3D materials, which are central properties to design and develop high-performance nanoscale electromechanical devices. Six case studies on selected material systems, namely, ZnAu$_2$ (CN)$_4$, CrB$_2$, $δ$-phosphorene, Pd$_2$O$_6$Se$_2$ monolayer, and GaAs, and a hypothetical set of systems with cubic symmetry are presented to demonstrate the descriptive and predictive capabilities of ElATools.
description: 39 pages, 14 tables, 14 figures
X-ray Spectral Study of the Photoionized Stellar Wind in Vela~X-1
Creators: name: Watanabe, Shin
name: Sako, Masao
name: Ishida, Manabu
name: Ishisaki, Yoshitaka
name: Kahn, Steven M.
name: Kohmura, Takayoshi
name: Nagase, Fumiaki
name: Paerels, Frederik
name: Takahashi, Tadayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from quantitative modeling and spectral analysis of the high mass X-ray binary Vela X-1 obtained with the Chandra HETGS. The spectra exhibit emission lines from H-like and He-like ions driven by photoionization, as well as fluorescent emission lines from several elements in lower charge states. In order to interpret and make full use of the high-quality data, we have developed a simulator, which calculates the ionization and thermal structure of a stellar wind photoionized by an X-ray source, and performs Monte Carlo simulations of X-ray photons propagating through the wind. The emergent spectra are then computed as a function of the viewing angle accurately accounting for photon transport in three dimensions including dynamics. From comparisons of the observed spectra with the simulation results, we are able to find the ionization structure and the geometrical distribution of material in Vela X-1 that can reproduce the observed spectral line intensities and continuum shapes at different orbital phases remarkably well. It is found that a large fraction of X-ray emission lines from highly ionized ions are formed in the region between the neutron star and the companion star. We also find that the fluorescent X-ray lines must be produced in at least three distinct regions --(1)the extended stellar wind, (2)reflection off the stellar photosphere, and (3)in a distribution of dense material partially covering and possibly trailing the neutron star, which may be associated with an accretion wake. Finally, from detailed analysis of the emission lines, we demonstrate that the stellar wind is affected by X-ray photoionization.
description: 22 pages, 7 tables, 24 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Laser tweezers for atomic solitons
Creators: name: Carpentier, Alicia V.
name: Belmonte-Beitia, Juan
name: Michinel, Humberto
name: Perez-Garcia, Victor M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a controllable and precise laser tweezers for Bose-Einstein condensates of ultracold atomic gases. In our configuration, a laser beam is used to locally modify the sign of the scattering length in the vicinity of a trapped BEC. The induced attractive interactions between atoms allow to extract and transport a controllable number of atoms. We analyze, through numerical simulations, the number of emitted atoms as a function of the width and intensity of the outcoupling beam. We also study different configurations of our system, as the use of moving beams. The main advantage of using the control laser beam to modify the nonlinear interactions in comparison to the usual way of inducing optical forces, i.e. through linear trapping potentials, is to improve the controllability of the outcoupled solitary wave-packet, which opens new possibilities for engineering macroscopic quantum states.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Evaluating the origins of the secondary bias based on the correlation of halo properties with the linear density field
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaoyu
name: Wang, Huiyuan
name: Mo, H. J.
name: Shi, JingJing
name: Jing, Yipeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using two sets of large $N$-body simulations, we study the origin of the correlations of halo assembly time ($z_{\rm f}$), concentration ($v_{\rm max}/v_{\rm 200}$) and spin ($λ$) with the large-scale evolved density field at given halo mass, i.e. the secondary bias. We find that the secondary bias is the secondary effect of the correlations of halo properties with the linear density estimated at the same comoving scale. Using the linear density on different scales, we find two types of correlations. The internal correlation, which reflects the correlation of halo properties with the mean linear over-density $δ_{\rm L}$ within the halo Lagrangian radius $R_{\rm L}$, is positive for both $z_{\rm f}$ and $v_{\rm max}/v_{\rm 200}$, and negative for $λ$. The external correlation, which describes the correlation of halo properties with linear overdensity at $R>R_{\rm L}$ for given $δ_{\rm L}$, shows trends opposite to the internal correlation. Both of the external and internal correlations depend only weakly on halo mass, indicating a similar origin for halos of different masses. Our findings offer a transparent perspective on the origin of the secondary bias. The secondary bias can be largely explained by the competition of the external and internal correlations together with the correlation of the linear density field on different scales. These two types of correlations combined can establish the complex halo-mass dependence of the secondary bias observed in the simulations.
description: 14 pages,14 figures, accepted by A&A