cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Microlensing Search of $10^6$ Quasars
Creators: name: Gould, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By monitoring $10^6$ quasars one could search for lensing by stars and Massive Compact Halo Objects (Machos) out to redshifts $z\sim 4$. If Machos have a present cosmological density $Ω_{L,0}=1\%$, then the expected event rate is $Γ\sim 200\,\yr^{-1}$. The expected event rate for known stars in galaxies is $Γ\sim 20\,\yr^{-1}$ assuming that their present cosmological density is $Ω_{L,0}=0.3\%$. Typical event times are $t_e\sim 3\,\yr$ for Machos and $t_e\sim 10\,\yr$ for stars. By comparing the optical depths to quasars at different redshifts, one could measure the star-formation and Macho-formation history of the universe. By comparing the time scales of events found parallel and perpendicular to the Sun's motion relative to the microwave background, one could measure or constrain the characteristic scale of large scale motions. The lensing events themselves would help probe the structure of quasars on scales of 50--1500 AU. The monitoring program could be carried out with a single dedicated 1 m telescope with a 4 deg${}^2$ camera. Quasar lensing events can be unambiguously distinguished from quasar variability because in the former case the broad lines are unaffected while in the latter they respond to the variation in the continuum on times scales $\sim 1\,\yr$.
description: 20 pages, uuencoded postscript, includes 2 figures
Haplanthus tentaculatis Nees
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Acanthaceae
Haplanthus
Haplanthus tentaculatis

description: Ruellia tentaculata Linnaeus, Centuria II Plantarum: 22. 1756.
"Habitat in India." RCN: 4611.
Type not designated.
Original material: Herb. Linn. No. 262.5 (S); Herb. Linn. No. 804.9 (LINN); [icon] in Plukenet, Phytographia: t. 279, f. 7. 1694; Almag. Bot.: 142. 1696.
Current name: Haplanthus tentaculatis (L.) Nees (Acanthaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part R), pp. 785-805 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 803, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Ruellia strepens Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Acanthaceae
Ruellia
Ruellia strepens

description: Ruellia strepens Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 634. 1753.
"Habitat in Virginia, Carolina." RCN: 4607.
Type not designated.
Original material: Herb. Clifford: 318, Ruellia 1, 2 sheets (BM); Clayton 85 (BM); Herb. Linn. No. 804.3 (LINN); [icon] in Dillenius, Hort. Eltham. 2: 330, t. 249, f. 321. 1732.
Current name: Ruellia strepens L. (Acanthaceae).
Note: See comments by Fernald (in Rhodora 47: 19, pl. 863. 1945).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part R), pp. 785-805 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on pages 802-803, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Cosmic Confusion: Degeneracies among Cosmological Parameters Derived from Measurements of Microwave Background Anisotropies
Creators: name: Efstathiou, G.
name: Bond, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the near future, observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies will provide accurate determinations of many fundamental cosmological parameters. In this paper, we analyse degeneracies among cosmological parameters to illustrate some of the limitations inherent in CMB parameter estimation. For simplicity, throughout our analysis we assume a cold dark matter universe with power-law adiabatic scalar and tensor fluctuation spectra. We show that most of the variance in cosmological parameter estimates is contributed by a small number (two or three) principal components. An exact likelihood analysis shows that the usual Fisher matrix approach can significantly overestimate the errors on cosmological parameters. We show that small correlated errors in estimates of the CMB power spectrum at levels well below the cosmic variance limits, (caused, for example, by Galactic foregrounds or scanning errors) can lead to significant biases in cosmological parameters. Estimates of cosmological parameters can be improved very significantly by applying theoretical restrictions to the tensor component and external constraints derived from more conventional astronomical observations such as measurements of he Hubble constant, Type 1a supernovae distances and observations of galaxy clustering and peculiar velocities.
description: Submitted to MNRAS 25 pages 17 Figures latex mn.sty
Homer nodded: von Neumann's surprising oversight
Creators: name: Mermin, N. David
name: Schack, Rüdiger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the famous no-hidden-variables theorem in John von Neumann's 1932 book on the mathematical foundations of quantum mechanics. We describe the notorious gap in von Neumann's argument, pointed out by Grete Hermann in 1935 and, more famously, by John Bell in 1966. We disagree with recent papers claiming that Hermann and Bell failed to understand what von Neumann was actually doing.
description: This is the published version. Some typos in the first posting have been fixed and a few minor changes made for the sake of clarity
Evidence for the Galactic X-ray Bulge II
Creators: name: Park, S.
name: Finley, J. P.
name: Dame, T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mosaic of 5 \ros~PSPC pointed observations in the Galactic plane ($l\sim25^{\circ}$) reveals X-ray shadows in the $0.5-2.0$ keV band cast by distant molecular clouds. The observed on-cloud and off-cloud X-ray fluxes indicate that $\sim15$% and $\sim37$% of the diffuse X-ray background in this direction in the \tq~keV and 1.5 keV bands, respectively, originates behind the molecular gas which is located at $\sim$3 kpc from the Sun. The implication of the derived background X-ray flux beyond the absorbing molecular cloud is consistent with, and lends further support to recent observations of a Galactic X-ray bulge.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Additional file 11: of Minimally invasive anterior muscle-sparing versus a transgluteal approach for hemiarthroplasty in femoral neck fractures-a prospective randomised controlled trial including 190 elderly patients
Creators: name: Saxer, Franziska
name: Studer, Patrick
name: Jakob, Marcel
name: Suhm, Norbert
name: Rosenthal, Rachel
name: Dell-Kuster, Salome
name: Vach, Werner
name: Bless, Nicolas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Figure S3. The individual trajectories of DTP and FIM for all patients. With respect to DTP the typical pattern is a continuous improvement over time. However, in both arms a few patients experience a sudden deterioration. With respect to FIM the typical pattern is a distinct deterioration due to the fracture/surgery and a continuous improvement afterwards. However, in both treatment arms some patients get stuck in the recovering process. (DOCX 39 kb)
Additional file 2: of Impact of drug and equipment preparation on pre-hospital emergency Anaesthesia (PHEA) procedural time, error rate and cognitive load
Creators: name: Swinton, Paul
name: Corfield, Alasdair
name: Moultrie, Chris
name: Percival, David
name: Proctor, Jeffrey
name: Sinclair, Neil
name: Perkins, Zane
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Pre-hospital clinical simulation (PDF 358 kb)
Soft X-ray properties of "narrow-line" Seyfert 1 galaxies
Creators: name: Boller, Th.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Fink, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on AGN with extremely soft X-ray spectra observed with ROSAT. From their optical emission lines these objects are classified as narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1), almost all with extremely large Fe II/H-beta ratios and relatively narrow optical lines of hydrogen. Our results are based on a systematic study of 46 NLS1. We find that NLS1 have generally steeper soft X-ray continuum slopes than normal Seyfert 1s, and there may exist an anticorrelation between 0.1-2.4 keV continuum slope and the FWHM of the H-beta line. Objects with steep 0.1-2.4 keV continuum slopes and H-beta FWHM > 3000 km s^{-1} are clearly discriminated against by nature. When simple power-law models are fit to the data, photon indices reach values up to about 5, much higher than is usually seen in Seyfert 1s. We discuss steep ROSAT spectra in light of soft X-ray excess and hard X-ray tail models. We consider models for NLS1 where they are Seyfert 1s with extremal values of pole-on orientation, black hole mass and/or accretion rate, warm absorption and BLR thickness and confront these models with the known properties of NLS1. All simple models appear to have drawbacks, but models with smaller mass black holes and thicker BLRs show some promise. We suggest specific further tests of the models.
description: 20 pages, uuencoded compressed ps with figs, A&A accepted
Additional file 1 of Mobile rehabilitation support versus usual care in patients after total hip or knee arthroplasty: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Wang, Qingling
name: Hunter, Sharyn
name: Lee, Regina Lai-Tong
name: Wang, Xiaofeng
name: Chan, Sally Wai-Chi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents*.
Readout Electronics for CEPC Semi-Digital Hadron Calorimeter Pre-prototype
Creators: name: Wang, Yu
name: Liu, Shubin
name: Feng, Changqing
name: Shen, Zhongtao
name: Zhang, Junbin
name: Hong, Daojin
name: Liu, Jianbei
name: Zhou, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CEPC (Circular Electron and Positron Collider) is a large experiment facility proposed by Chinese particle physics community. One of its running option is being the Higgs factory. Calorimeter is the main part of this experiment to measure the jet energy. Semi-digital hadron calorimeter (SDHCAL) is one of the options for the hadron measurement. GEM detector with its high position resolution and flexible configuration is one of the candidates for the active layer of the SDHCAL. The main purpose of this paper is to provide a feasible readout method for the GEM-based semi-digital hadron calorimeter. A small-scale prototype is designed and implemented, including front-end board (FEB) and data interface board (DIF). The prototype electronics has been tested. The equivalent RMS noise of all channels is below 0.35fC. The dynamic range is up to 500fC and the gain variation is less than 1%. The readout electronics is applied on a double-layer GEM detector with 1cm*1cm readout pad. Result indicates that the electronics works well with the detector. The detection efficiency of MIP is over 95% with 5fC threshold.
description: 21st IEEE Real Time Conference
Ruellia tuberosa Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Acanthaceae
Ruellia
Ruellia tuberosa

description: Ruellia tuberosa Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 635. 1753.
"Habitat in Jamaica." RCN: 4610.
Lectotype (Howard, Fl. Lesser Antilles 6: 380. 1989): Herb. Linn. No. 804.8 (LINN).
Generitype of Ruellia Linnaeus (vide Green, Prop. Brit. Bot.: 169. 1929).
Current name: Ruellia tuberosa L. (Acanthaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part R), pp. 785-805 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 803, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Lösungsmengen von Modellparametrierungen zu nichtnegativen Matrixfaktorisierungsproblemen
Creators: name: Schröder, Henning
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematics
subject: 540 Chemistry & allied sciences

description: Das nichtnegative Matrixfaktorisierungsproblem besitzt im Allgemeinen keine eindeutige Lösung. Zusatzbedingungen an die Faktoren führen auf eine reduzierte Lösungsmenge. In dieser Arbeit wird einer der Faktoren durch die diskretisierte Lösung eines parameterabhängigen Anfangswertproblems modelliert. Dies erlaubt eine Reduktion der Lösungsmenge des Faktorisierungsproblems. Es wird eine Darstellung dieser Lösungen im Parameterraum des Anfangswertproblems eingeführt und analysiert. Ein Anwendungsszenario findet sich in der Analyse von Spektrenfolgen zu chemischen Reaktionssystemen.
Elastic reinforcement and yielding of starch filled lipid gels
Creators: name: Macias-Rodriguez, Braulio
name: Velikov, Krassimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: starch, fat, gel, filler, rheology

description: Many foods involve complex suspensions of assorted particles in a Newtonian liquid or viscoelastic continuous medium. In this work, we study the case of suspensions of non-Brownian non-interacting rigid particles: starch, embedded in a soft solid: a colloidal lipid gel. We relate the macroscopic properties of the suspensions to the mechanics of the colloidal gel and the particle volume fraction. As particle volume fraction increases, the suspension gradually stiffens and becomes brittle as the system approaches its maximum packing fraction, the latter determined empirically by a Krieger-Dougherty type law. The elastic modulus, yield stress and yield strain are interrelated through simple scaling laws from micromechanical homogenization analysis of hard spheres isotropically-distributed in yield stress fluids. These laws enable estimation of nonlinear properties from linear properties at modest and finite deformations.
description: Manuscript form under review
LOCAL INSTITUTIONS AND FARMING SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT: THOUGHTS FROM A PROJECT IN TRIBAL WESTERN INDIA
Creators: name: Mosse, David
name: KRIBP Team
name: Mosse, David
name: KRIBP Team
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Farm Management
Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: Many rainfed farming and watershed development programmes face problems in ensuring the long-term sustainability of activities. Comparative research into this problem has pointed to the absence of adequate farmer or community participation in activity planning, implementation and management as a critical issue. This need for greater participation is increasingly addressed though the employment of participatory research and planning methods — PRA/PALM. These methods, however, are not sufficient to ensure and sustain farmer involvement. They will only contribute to sustained participation as part of a structured planning process which includes the identification and support of local institutions which can take responsibility for implementation and the long-term management of watershed resources. The difficulty is that new local institutions may themselves be among the least viable and sustainable of project interventions. This is often because participatory ideals overlook the real social costs involved in collective action. This paper discusses the experience of the KRIBP project in evolving an approach to local institutional development in a tribal region in western India. It discusses problems and lessons learned, and suggests ways of improving performance by .reducing the demand for and costs of collective action in farming systems development.
Trapping, transport and polarisation of ultracold lithium
Creators: name: Kaushik, Aisha
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: The aim of our experiment is to explore two methods of creating an ultracold dipolar gas which can subsequently be used to simulate quantum phenomena. The first method is to sympathetically cool polar molecules. In this case, the molecules are overlapped with ultracold lithium atoms, thus allowing the two clouds to thermalise through elastic collisions. The second method is to electrically polarise ultracold lithium atoms using an electric field of approximately 1MV/cm. This involves placing the atoms between two high voltage electrodes. This thesis describes and characterises the setup used to produce, trap and transport a cloud of lithium-7 atoms. The setup consists of a lithium oven, Zeeman slower, magneto-optical trap (MOT) and magnetic trap. Up to 2.3×10^8 atoms are loaded into the MOT with an initial temperature of 1.3 mK. By implementing a compressed MOT phase the temperature is reduced to 0.75 mK. Before transport, 23% of the MOT atoms are transferred into the magnetic trap, which has a lifetime of 1.53±0.01 s in the MOT chamber. Using a motorised translation stage to move the magnetic trapping coils, atomic transport over a distance of 44 cm from the MOT chamber to the science chamber has been demonstrated. The transport efficiency is 41%. In the science chamber the lifetime of the magnetic trap has been measured as 18.5±0.7 s. Experiments to optimise the absorption imaging system have also been carried out, highlighting the fact that a time and position dependent magnetic field is present after the trapping coils switch off. The feasibility of producing a 1MV/cm electric field has been investigated. By using indium tin oxide coated glass electrodes in an adjustable electrode mount, an electric field of approximately 0.2MV/cm has been generated. These electrodes were subsequently replaced with super-polished stainless steel electrodes which generated a field of 0.38MV/cm.
Positron emissiontomography imaging of neuroinflammation in Multiple Sclerosis with a second generation translocator protein PET radioligand
Creators: name: Colasanti, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: This thesis describes a new approach for molecular imaging of neuroinflammation in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). My aim was to use the 2nd generation TSPO radioligand 18F-PBR111 to explore the potential of Positron Emission Tomography (PET) targeting the 18-kDa Translocator Protein (TSPO), as an in vivo biomarker of activated microglia in MS patients. This thesis addresses three research objectives. First, I characterised 18F-PBR111 PET signal in healthy controls’ brains and tested how it is affected by the TSPO gene polymorphism at rs6971. Second, I measured 18F-PBR111 uptake across white matter volumes segmented using structural MRI measures related to MS neuropathology. Third, I explored how 18F-PBR111 uptake in the hippocampus correlated with depressive symptoms and to the brain functional connectivity of the hippocampus. Eleven patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 22 age-matched healthy controls underwent 18F-PBR111 PET and MRI scans. Structural and functional MRI sequences were used to define conventional MS neuropathological markers and for the assessment of functional connectivity, respectively. I discovered that white matter 18F-PBR111 PET signal in healthy volunteers varied with TSPO genotype and correlated positively with age. In patients with MS, signal intensity in MRI-defined lesions was higher than that in normal-appearing white matter and correlated with the historical rate of progression of their disability. Hippocampal 18F-PBR111 uptake was higher in the MS patient group than in healthy volunteers and correlated with both depressive symptoms and functional connectivity of the hippocampus with frontal, temporal and parietal cortex. I thus discovered that this 2nd generation TSPO PET radiotracer, used in humans for the first time in our study, is sensitive to MS neuropathology consistent with recognized patterns of microglial activation and that differences between subjects can be related to disability progression. I also have discovered a novel relationship between this measure of hippocampal microglial activation and affective symptoms of MS.
MOESM1 of Gastrin-Releasing Peptide Receptor Antagonism Induces Protection from Lethal Sepsis: Involvement of Toll-like Receptor 4 Signaling
Creators: name: Fabricia Petronilho
name: Francieli Vuolo
name: Galant, Letícia
name: Constantino, Larissa
name: Cristiane Tomasi
name: Giombelli, Vinicius
name: Souza, Cláudio De
name: Silva, Sabrina Da
name: Barbeiro, Denise
name: Soriano, Francisco
name: Streck, Emílio
name: Cristiane Ritter
name: Zanotto-Filho, Alfeu
name: Matheus Pasquali
name: Gelain, Daniel
name: Rybarczyk-Filho, José
name: Moreira, José
name: Block, Norman
name: Roesler, Rafael
name: Schwartsmann, Gilberto
name: Schally, Andrew
name: Dal-Pizzol, Felipe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary material, approximately 337 KB.
Combined facies analysis and quantitative characterisation of fluvial stratigraphic architecture at outcrop and in subsurface well data
Creators: name: Flood, Yvette
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Integrated analysis of channelised fluvial sandbodies and their relationship to surrounding fine-grained floodplain fines enables interpretation of avulsion style and its links to allogenic and autogenic controls on stratigraphic architecture. A fundamental gap in our knowledge still lies in predicting the distribution and connectivity of channelised sandbodies generated via avulsion in the stratigraphic record. This thesis presents a study of two comparable high-quality fluvial successions; the upper Cretaceous Blackhawk Formation of the Wasatch Plateau, Utah, U.S.A, and the middle Jurassic Ness Formation of the Brent Field, North Sea, U.K. The aim of this research is to combine the use of aerial photographs, spatial statistical analysis (Besag’s L function, lacunarity), fieldwork, and core to investigate the spatial distribution, geometry, stratigraphic architecture, and connectivity of channelised fluvial sandbodies. The data attained from this study will enhance understanding into the way in which fluvial environments operate through time, and build upon existing models of fluvial stratigraphic architecture. Analysis of measured section data from both case studies identified environments associated with wave-dominated delta plain deposition. Localised stratigraphic architecture reveals three styles of channel avulsion: avulsion by incision, avulsion by progradation and avulsion by annexation. Spatial statistical analysis reveals three styles of stratigraphic channel distribution: channel clustering, compensational stacking, and spatial randomness. Sandbody size and distribution, and the character, vertical stacking and abundance of lithofacies and palaeosols (entisols, inceptisols, histosols) differs locally within the two formations, however such variations are not consistent over basin-wide scales. These findings do not conform to existing models of alluvial architecture which typically relate such stratigraphic patterns to allogenic controls. These results suggest that deposition took place in the absence of or independent from any variation in external basin boundary conditions (e.g. sea level, tectonics and climate) and thus may be primarily controlled via autogenic responses such as avulsion.
Non Invasive Neuromodulation To Stimulate Reduced Blood Flow and mitigate cognitive decline and psychomotor conditions (Poster, Abstract and Project proposal)
Creators: name: Di Maio, Paola
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 320999
subject: Neurosciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 320904
subject: Computational neuroscience (incl. mathematical neuroscience and theoretical neuroscience)

description: NIN (non invasive neuromodulation) and NIBS (NON Invasive Brain stimulation) technologies can help to increase reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF), which research identifies as a biomarker for and contributing cause to cerebral neurodegeneration and associated psychomotor conditions.
The Binary Second Sequence in Cluster Colour--Magnitude Diagrams
Creators: name: Hurley, Jarrod
name: Tout, Christopher A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the second sequence seen lying above the main sequence in cluster colour magnitude diagrams results from binaries with a large range of mass ratios and not just from those with equal masses. We conclude that the presence of a densely populated second sequence, with only sparse filling in between it and the single star main sequence, does not necessarily imply that binary mass ratios are close to unity.
description: Accepted to MNRAS. 5 Pages including 3 figures
Big tranSMART for clinical decision making
Creators: name: Wang, Shicai
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Molecular profiling data based patient stratification plays a key role in clinical decision making, such as identification of disease subgroups and prediction of treatment responses of individual subjects. Many existing knowledge management systems like tranSMART enable scientists to do such analysis. But in the big data era, molecular profiling data size increases sharply due to new biological techniques, such as next generation sequencing. None of the existing storage systems work well while considering the three ”V” features of big data (Volume, Variety, and Velocity). New Key Value data stores like Apache HBase and Google Bigtable can provide high speed queries by the Key. These databases can be modeled as Distributed Ordered Table (DOT), which horizontally partitions a table into regions and distributes regions to region servers by the Key. However, none of existing data models work well for DOT. A Collaborative Genomic Data Model (CGDM) has been designed to solve all these is- sues. CGDM creates three Collaborative Global Clustering Index Tables to improve the data query velocity. Microarray implementation of CGDM on HBase performed up to 246, 7 and 20 times faster than the relational data model on HBase, MySQL Cluster and MongoDB. Single nucleotide polymorphism implementation of CGDM on HBase outperformed the relational model on HBase and MySQL Cluster by up to 351 and 9 times. Raw sequence implementation of CGDM on HBase gains up to 440-fold and 22-fold speedup, compared to the sequence alignment map format implemented in HBase and a binary alignment map server. The integration into tranSMART shows up to 7-fold speedup in the data export function. In addition, a popular hierarchical clustering algorithm in tranSMART has been used as an application to indicate how CGDM can influence the velocity of the algorithm. The optimized method using CGDM performs more than 7 times faster than the same method using the relational model implemented in MySQL Cluster.
KPD 0422+5421: A New Short Period Subdwarf B/White Dwarf Binary
Creators: name: Koen, C.
name: Orosz, Jerome A.
name: Wade, Richard A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sdB star KPD 0422+5421 was discovered to be a single-lined spectroscopic binary with a period of P=0.0901795 +/- (3\times 10^{-7}) days (2 hours, 10 minutes). The U and B light curves display an ellipsoidal modulation with amplitudes of about 0.02 magnitudes. The sdB star contributes nearly all of the observed flux. This and the absence of any reflection effect suggest that the unseen companion star is small (i.e. R_comp ~ 0.01 solar radii) and therefore degenerate. We modeled the U and B light curves and derived i = 78.05 +/- 0.50 degrees and a mass ratio of q = M_comp/M_sdB = 0.87 +/- 0.15. The sdB star fills 69% of its Roche lobe. These quantities may be combined with the mass function of the companion (f(M) = 0.126 +/- 0.028 solar masses) to derive M_sdB = 0.72 +/- 0.26 solar masses and M_comp = 0.62 +/- 0.18 solar masses. We used model spectra to derive the effective temperature, surface gravity, and helium abundance of the sdB star. We found T_eff = 25,000 +/- 1500K, log g = 5.4 +/- 0.1, and [He/H] = -1.0. With a period of 2 hours and 10 minutes, KPD 0422+5421 has one of the shortest known orbital periods of a detached binary. This system is also one of only a few known binaries which contain a subdwarf B star and a white dwarf. Thus KPD 0422+5421 represents a relatively unobserved, and short-lived, stage of binary star evolution.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, to appear in MNRAS, LaTeX, uses mn.sty
Non Invasive Neuromodulation To Stimulate Reduced Blood Flow and mitigate cognitive devlline and psychomotor conditions (Poster, Abstract and Project proposal)
Creators: name: Di Maio, Paola
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 320999
subject: Neurosciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 320904
subject: Computational neuroscience (incl. mathematical neuroscience and theoretical neuroscience)

description: NIN (non invasive neuromodulation) and NIBS (NON Invasive Brain stimulation) technologies can help to increase reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF), which research identifies as a biomarker for and contributing cause to cerebral neurodegeneration and associated psychomotor conditions.
Additional file 1: of Impact of drug and equipment preparation on pre-hospital emergency Anaesthesia (PHEA) procedural time, error rate and cognitive load
Creators: name: Swinton, Paul
name: Corfield, Alasdair
name: Moultrie, Chris
name: Percival, David
name: Proctor, Jeffrey
name: Sinclair, Neil
name: Perkins, Zane
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Research Protocol (PDF 755 kb)
Monitoring seawater intrusion into the fractured UK Chalk aquifer using measurements of self-potential (SP)
Creators: name: MacAllister, Donald John
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Using laboratory, numerical and field experiments this study investigated whether borehole measurements of self-potential (SP) can be used to monitor seawater intrusion into the fractured UK Chalk aquifer. The SP, a natural voltage, arises in water saturated fractured porous media due to gradients in pressure (electrokinetic (EK) potential) and concentration (exclusion-diffusion (EED) potential), both features of seawater intrusion. An electrode array was installed in a monitoring borehole c.1.7 km from the coast, in Saltdean, East Sussex, and c.1.3 km from an active abstraction borehole. Head fluctuations in the monitoring borehole were controlled by tidal processes and seasonal changes in inland head. SP monitoring over 1.5 years revealed tidal SP signals. The fluctuations (c.600 μV) were two orders of magnitude larger than those observed at an inland site in the same aquifer, near Reading in Berkshire. Numerical simulation, supported by laboratory measurements, of the coupled hydrodynamic and electrical processes in the coastal aquifer suggested that the EK potential generated by tidal processes was one order of magnitude too small to be responsible for the tidal SP fluctuations. Instead, SP was caused by the EED potential that arose due to the concentration gradient between groundwater and seawater across the saline front (i.e. the 1000 mg/l isoline) some distance from the borehole. The saline front moved through a fracture at the base of the borehole in response to tides. A vertical SP gradient (c.0.22 mV/m), only present in the coastal borehole, was also observed. Modelling suggested that the gradient was due to the close proximity of the saline front (c.4 m) below the borehole and was caused by the EED potential. In August 2013 and 2014, tides and a decline in inland head caused saline water to enter the borehole. Fluid electrical conductivity logging showed that entry was via the fracture. Prior to each occurrence of saline breakthrough, an increase in the SP of c.300 μV was observed, commencing c.7 days before saline water was detected in the borehole. Although this study focused on a monitoring borehole, SP arrays could be installed in abstraction boreholes. The results suggest that SP monitoring may be used to provide early warning of saline water breakthrough, allowing for improved management of groundwater resources in coastal aquifers.
Additional file 10: of Minimally invasive anterior muscle-sparing versus a transgluteal approach for hemiarthroplasty in femoral neck fractures-a prospective randomised controlled trial including 190 elderly patients
Creators: name: Saxer, Franziska
name: Studer, Patrick
name: Jakob, Marcel
name: Suhm, Norbert
name: Rosenthal, Rachel
name: Dell-Kuster, Salome
name: Vach, Werner
name: Bless, Nicolas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S2. Distribution of FIM at all time-points in relation to treatment and prefecture FIM (prFIM). The lines refer to running medians based on the next 25 neighbours on both sides of an observation. The area of each point is proportional to the number of observations with the specific combination of FIM and prFIM value. With increasing time postoperative an increasing number of patients can reach their pre-fracture level of independence. The advantage of AMIS in comparison to FIM is more pronounced in patients with low prefracture FIM values. (DOCX 142 kb)
Rumex acetosa Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Polygonales
Polygonaceae
Rumex
Rumex acetosa

description: Rumex acetosa, spec. nov.
 21. Rumex floribus dioicis, foliis oblongis sagittatis. Vir. cliff. 32. Hort. cliff. 139. Hort. ups. 89. Fl. suec. 295. Fl. lapp. 130. Mat. med. 529. Roy. lugdb. 231.
 Acetosa pratensis. Bauh. pin. 14.
 β. Acetosa pratensis, flore albo. Tournef. inst. 502.
 γ. Oxalis crispa. Bauh. hist. 2. p. 990. Tabern. ic. 440.
 δ. Acetosa montana maxima. Bauh. pin. 114. Scheuch. alp. 129.
 ε. Acetosa montana, lato ari folio rotundo. Bocc. mus. 165. t. 125.
 Habitat in Europae pascuis. δ in Alpibus. ♃
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on pages 337-338, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
MOESM1 of Comparison of low calorie high protein and low calorie standard protein diet on waist circumference of adults with visceral obesity and weight cycling
Creators: name: Fiastuti Witjaksono
name: Jutamulia, Joan
name: Nagita Annisa
name: Septian Prasetya
name: Nurwidya, Fariz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The dietary profile of the subjects during the course of the treatment. Comparison of mean daily caloric intake, mean protein proportion of total daily caloric intake, mean carbohydrate proportion of total daily caloric intake, mean fat proportion of total daily caloric intake and number of days with diet programme compliance in the high protein (HP) group and in the standard protein (SP) group.
Level crossing in random matrices. II Random perturbation of a random matrix
Creators: name: Grøsfjeld, Tobias
name: Shapiro, Boris
name: Zarembo, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the distribution of level crossings for the spectra of linear families A+lambda B, where A and B are square matrices independently chosen from some given Gaussian ensemble and lambda is a complex-valued parameter. We formulate a number of theoretical and numerical results for the classical Gaussian ensembles and some generalisations. Besides, we present intriguing numerical information about the distribution of monodromy in case of linear families for the classical Gaussian ensembles of 3 * 3 matrices.
description: 27 pages, many figures
ASCA observations of the Seyfert 1 galaxies Mrk1040 and MS0225.5+3121
Creators: name: Reynolds, C. S.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Inoue, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present {\it ASCA} observations of the Seyfert 1 galaxies Mrk~1040 and MS~0225.5+3121. Mrk~1040 was found to have decreased in flux by almost a factor of 4 since an {\it EXOSAT} observation 10\,years ago. The energy spectrum of Mrk~1040 displays complexity both at soft energies (below 0.8\thinspace keV) and at hard energies (6--7\thinspace keV). The latter is readily interpreted as fluorescent K$α$ emission from cold iron expected when the primary X-ray source illuminates cold optically-thick material. This line is both broad (with FWHM 16\,000--70\,000 km\,s$^{-1}$) and strong (equivalent width $\sim 550\pm 250$\, eV) suggesting that it originates from material close to the compact object with non-solar abundances. Abundance effects on the equivalent width of such a line are investigated via Monte Carlo simulations. We find that strong lines can be produced with physically plausible abundances. The effect of abundances on the associated reflection continuum is also discussed. The soft spectral complexity implies either a strong soft excess together with intrinsic absorption, or a complex absorber. Various models for the nature of such a complex absorber are discussed. MS~0225.5+3121 shows no evidence for any variability and has a spectrum that is well described by a power law with Galactic absorption.
description: 8 pages (including figures) uuencoded compressed Postscript file. Submitted to Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Can all the infrared secular growth really be understood as increase of classical statistical variance?
Creators: name: Tokuda, Junsei
name: Tanaka, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that in the theory of light scalar fields during inflation, correlation functions suffer from infrared (IR) divergences or large IR loop corrections, leading to the breakdown of perturbation theory. In order to understand the physical meaning of such IR enhancement, we investigate the stochastic properties of an effective equation of motion (EoM) for long-wavelength modes of a canonically normalized light scalar field $ϕ$ with a general sufficiently flat interaction potential on de Sitter background. Firstly, we provide an alternative refined derivation of the effective action for long-wavelength modes which leads to the effective EoM that correctly reproduces all the IR correlation functions in a good approximation at a late time, by integrating out short-wavelength modes. Next, under the assumption that one can neglect non-local correlations in the influence functional exceeding the coarse-graining scale, we show that the effective EoM for IR modes of the "average field" in Schwinger-Keldysh formalism $ϕ^
description: 22 pages, 2 figures. v2: matches published version
The Evolution of Rapid Burster Outbursts
Creators: name: Guerriero, R.
name: Fox, D. W.
name: Kommers, J.
name: Lewin, W. H. G.
name: Rutledge, R.
name: Moore, C. B.
name: Morgan, E.
name: van Paradijs, J.
name: van der Klis, M.
name: Bildsten, L.
name: Dotani, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the evolutionary progression of an outburst of the Rapid Burster. Four outbursts have been observed with the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer between February 1996 and May 1998, and our observations are consistent with a standard evolution over the course of each. An outburst can be divided into two distinct phases: Phase I is dominated by type I bursts, with a strong persistent emission component; it lasts for 15-20 days. Phase II is characterized by type II bursts, which occur in a variety of patterns. The light curves of time-averaged luminosity for the outbursts show some evidence for reflares, similar to those seen in soft X-ray transients. The average recurrence time for Rapid Burster outbursts during this period has been 218 days, in contrast with an average ~180 day recurrence period observed during 1976-1983.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures included with psfig. MN style file (v1.4). Reworked X-ray spectral fits section in response to referee comments; minor changes to Table 1. Accepted by MNRAS
Why is the HLR theory particle-hole symmetric?
Creators: name: Kumar, Prashant
name: Mulligan, Michael
name: Raghu, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long wavelength descriptions of a half-filled lowest Landau level ($ν= 1/2$) must be consistent with the experimental observation of particle-hole (PH) symmetry. The traditional description of the $ν=1/2$ state pioneered by Halperin, Lee and Read (HLR) naively appears to break PH symmetry. However, recent studies have shown that the HLR theory with weak quenched disorder can exhibit an emergent PH symmetry. We find that such inhomogeneous configurations of the $ν=1/2$ fluid, when described by HLR mean-field theory, are tuned to a topological phase transition between an integer quantum Hall state and an insulator of composite fermions with a dc Hall conductivity $σ_{xy}^{\rm (cf)} = - {1 \over 2} {e^2 \over h}$. Our observations help explain why the HLR theory exhibits PH symmetric dc response.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures; v3: Fixed a reference and funding information
Omega_baryon and the Geometry of Intermediate Redshift Lyman alpha Absorption Systems
Creators: name: Rauch, Michael
name: Haehnelt, Martin G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Estimates of Omega_baryon from primordial nucleosynthesis together with standard assumptions about the ionization state of low column density Lyman alpha forest clouds can be used to determine an upper limit for the cloud thickness along the line of sight. This upper limit provides significant constraints on the axis ratio of the absorbers and on the overall fraction of the baryonic matter contained in these objects if the recently measured large values for their transversal size are representative. The absorbers have to be considerably flattened structures and may possibly contain a substantial fraction of the baryonic matter at high redshift.
description: 6 pages, compressed postscript file
Gamma-Ray Burst Afterglow: Polarization and Analytic Light Curves
Creators: name: Gruzinov, Andrei
name: Waxman, Eli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GRB afterglow polarization is discussed. We find an observable, up to 10%, polarization, if the magnetic field coherence length grows at about the speed of light after the field is generated at the shock front. Detection of a polarized afterglow would show that collisionless ultrarelativistic shocks can generate strong large scale magnetic fields and confirm the synchrotron afterglow model. Non-detection, at a 1% level, would imply that either the synchrotron emission model is incorrect, or that strong magnetic fields, after they are generated in the shock, somehow manage to stay un-dissipated at ``microscopic'', skin depth, scales. Analytic lightcurves of synchrotron emission from an ultrarelativistic self-similar blast wave are obtained for an arbitrary electron distribution function, taking into account the effects of synchrotron cooling. The peak synchrotron flux and the flux at frequencies much smaller than the peak frequency are insensitive to the details of the electron distribution function; hence their observational determination would provide strong constraints on blast wave parameters.
description: 19 pages, submitted to ApJ
Reconciling Inflation with Openness
Creators: name: Amendola, Luca
name: Baccigalupi, Carlo
name: Occhionero, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is already understood that the increasing observational evidence for an open Universe may be reconciled with inflation if our horizon is contained inside one single huge bubble nucleated during the inflationary phase transition. In the scenario we present here, the Universe consists of infinitely many superhorizon bubbles, like our own, the distribution of which can be made to peak at $Ω_0\approx 0.2$. Therefore, unlike the existing literature, we do not have to rely upon the anthropic principle nor upon special initial conditions.
description: 7 pages, latex file using revtex.sty and epsf.tex, 2 Postscript figures (tarred, compressed, uudencoded in uuopenf)