cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantification of Heat Loads for Rotating Detonation Combustor with Gas Turbine Conditions
Creators: name: S. Ramanagar Sridhara
name: P. C. Nassini
name: M.D.Bohon
name: A. Andreini
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Rotating Detonation Combustors (RDC)
gas turbine (GT)

description: Rotating Detonation Combustors (RDC) offer a very high-power density compared to other combustors. Although they must overcome many challenges to be integrated into a gas turbine (GT), it is certainly a promising solution for increasing cycle efficiency. Among the many challenges, cooling the RDC is one of the most predominant, due to the high heat loads generated by the combustion process. Most of the available numerical and experimental data in the literature about RDC heat loads are obtained for laboratory conditions (i.e. at atmospheric pressure). However, in order to design a cooling system for an RDC that allows for its sustainable operation and aids its integration to GT engines, a quantification of the heat loads of an RDC with GT conditions is necessary. The presence of a detonation wave/boundary layer interaction and a small annulus width leads to a very high heat transfer when compared to a conventional GT combustor.
Rehabilitating an attrited language in a bilingual person with aphasia
Creators: name: Lerman, Aviva
name: Goral, Mira
name: Obler, Loraine K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Language difficulties can arise from reduced exposure to any given language (e.g. attrition) or after brain damage (e.g. aphasia). The manifestations of attrition and aphasia are often similar so differentiating between their effects on language loss and recovery is challenging. We investigated treatment effects for an English-Hebrew bilingual person with stroke-induced aphasia who had minimal contact with his Hebrew for over 14 years. We asked whether his attrited language could be rehabilitated, how effects of attrition and aphasia can be dissociated, and how such dissociation aids our understanding of the mechanisms involved in language recovery in aphasia. We administered a verb-based semantic treatment in Hebrew three times a week for six weeks (totalling 29 hours of therapy) and assessed changes in both Hebrew and English comprehension and production abilities across a variety of language tasks. Quantitative analyses demonstrated improvement in Hebrew production across language tasks, including those involving lexical retrieval processes that were trained during treatment. Improvement to English occurred in these same lexical retrieval tasks only. We interpret these results as indicating that the participant’s attrited language (Hebrew) could be rehabilitated with both specific treatment and general exposure to Hebrew contributing to improvement. Furthermore, treatment effects transferred to the untreated English. Qualitative analyses indicated that an interaction among aphasia, incomplete mastery of Hebrew pre-stroke, and attrition contributed to the participant’s language difficulties post-stroke. We conclude that partially shared underlying mechanisms of attrition and aphasia drive language processing and changes to it with treatment.
Adaptive Combination of a Genetic Algorithm and Novelty Search for Deep Neuroevolution
Creators: name: Segal, Eyal
name: Sipper, Moshe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Evolutionary Computation (EC) has been shown to be able to quickly train Deep Artificial Neural Networks (DNNs) to solve Reinforcement Learning (RL) problems. While a Genetic Algorithm (GA) is well-suited for exploiting reward functions that are neither deceptive nor sparse, it struggles when the reward function is either of those. To that end, Novelty Search (NS) has been shown to be able to outperform gradient-following optimizers in some cases, while under-performing in others. We propose a new algorithm: Explore-Exploit $γ$-Adaptive Learner ($E^2γAL$, or EyAL). By preserving a dynamically-sized niche of novelty-seeking agents, the algorithm manages to maintain population diversity, exploiting the reward signal when possible and exploring otherwise. The algorithm combines both the exploitation power of a GA and the exploration power of NS, while maintaining their simplicity and elegance. Our experiments show that EyAL outperforms NS in most scenarios, while being on par with a GA -- and in some scenarios it can outperform both. EyAL also allows the substitution of the exploiting component (GA) and the exploring component (NS) with other algorithms, e.g., Evolution Strategy and Surprise Search, thus opening the door for future research.
Clustering and lifetime of Lyman Alpha Emitters in the Epoch of Reionization
Creators: name: Hutter, Anne
name: Dayal, Pratika
name: Müller, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate Lyman Alpha Emitter (LAE) angular correlation functions (ACFs) at $z \simeq 6.6$ and the fraction of lifetime (for the 100 Myrs preceding $z\simeq6.6$) galaxies spend as Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) or as LBGs with Lyman Alpha (Ly$α$) emission using a model that combines SPH cosmological simulations (GADGET-2), dust attenuation and a radiative transfer code (pCRASH). The ACFs are a powerful tool that significantly narrows the 3D parameter space allowed by LAE Ly$α$ and UV luminosity functions (LFs) alone. With this work, we simultaneously constrain the escape fraction of ionizing photons $f_{esc}=0.05-0.5$, the mean fraction of neutral hydrogen in the intergalactic medium (IGM) $\langle χ_{HI} \rangle \leq 0.01$ and the dust-dependent ratio of the escape fractions of Ly$α$ and UV continuum photons $f_α/f_c=0.6-1.2$. Our results show that reionization has the largest impact on the amplitude of the ACFs, and its imprints are clearly distinguishable from those of $f_{esc}$ and $f_α/f_c$. We also show that galaxies with a critical stellar mass of $M_* = 10^{8.5} (10^{9.5})M_{\odot}$ produce enough luminosity to stay visible as LBGs (LAEs). Finally, the fraction of time during the past 100 Myrs prior to z=6.6 a galaxy spends as a LBG or as a LBG with Ly$α$ emission increases with the UV magnitude (and the stellar mass $M_*$): considering observed (dust and IGM attenuated) luminosities, the fraction of time a galaxy spends as a LBG (LAE) increases from 65% to 100% (0-100%) as $M_{UV}$ decreases from $M_{UV} = -18.0$ to $-23.5$ ($M_*$ increases from $10^8-10^{10.5} M_{\odot}$). Thus in our model the brightest (most massive) LBGs most often show Ly$α$ emission.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS, comments welcome
Protein standardization V: value transfer. A practical protocol for the assignment of serum protein values from a Reference Material to a Target Material
Creators: name: Blirup-Jensen, Søren
name: Johnson, A. Myron
name: Larsen, Marianne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: We present a practical protocol for the assignment of values to serum proteins in a Target Material using a Reference Material. This protocol is based on the model of Direct Value Transfer between serum matrices and is intended to improve the value assignment of commercial calibrators using the Reference Material CRM 470 (now labeled ERM-DA 470) or similar reference materials. The procedure describes the general as well as the practical principles involved in the value assignment (with examples). The practical transfer protocol is based on multiple assays of 6 dilutions of the Reference Material and 6 dilutions of the Target Material. The transfer protocol requires several measurements a day repeated on several days, an important prerequisite being that all reconstitutions and dilutions are controlled by weighing thus reducing uncertainty in the transfer. In open systems that allow the use of the Reference Material as calibrator and the Target Material as samples, the proportionality of the two materials (the presence or absence of matrix effects) can now be directly assessed by evaluating a single regression plot. If no matrix effects are found, the regression line will pass through zero with a slope equal to the ratio of the concentrations of the two materials. In closed systems, the dedicated commercial calibrator has to be used as such; the Reference Material and the Target Material are now assayed as samples against this calibrator. Two regression plots are therefore obtained; if no matrix effects are present among the two materials and the calibrator, both the Reference and Target Materials will show zero intercepts, and the ratio of the two slopes will equal the ratio of the concentrations. Clin Chem Lab Med 2008;46.
Αποτελεσματική σύνθεση συμπυκνωμένων διυδροξαζολικών και 1,3-οξαζινικων πυρρολινών από αμινοαλκοόλες και νιτροστυρόλια
Creators: name: Κούβελας, Αλέξιος Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2024
Subjects: Οργανική χημεία
Σύνθεση
Ετεροκυκλικές ενώσεις
Organic chemistry
Synthesis
Heterocyclic compounds

description: Η παρούσα Μεταπτυχιακή Διπλωματική Εργασία εκπονήθηκε στο Εργαστήριο Οργανικής Χημείας του Τομέα Οργανικής Χημείας και Βιοχημείας του Τμήματος Χημείας του Αριστοτελείου Πανεπιστημίου Θεσσαλονίκης, υπό την επίβλεψη του Καθηγητή κ. Ιωάννη Λυκάκη, κατά την περίοδο 2022-2024. Στα πλαίσια της παρούσας μεταπτυχιακής διπλωματικής εργασίας διερευνήθηκαν οι βέλτιστες συνθήκες, με σκοπό την εκλεκτική σύνθεση 2,3,7,7a-τετραϋδροπυρρολο[2,1-b]οξαζολίων από αμινοαλκοόλες, αλειφατικές αλδεΰδες και νιτροστυρόλια. Στην συνέχεια, το απλό συνθετικό πρωτόκολλο που αναπτύχθηκε, εφαρμόστηκε για την σύνθεση βιβλιοθηκών 2,3,7,7a-τετραϋδροπυρρολο[2,1-b]οξαζολίων και 3,4,8,8a-τετραϋδρο-2H-πυρρολο[2,1-b][1,3]οξαζινών. Τέλος, επιτεύχθηκε η εναντιοεκλεκτική σύνθεση του χειρόμορφου 2,3,7,7a-τετραϋδροπυρρολο[2,1-b]οξαζολικού προϊόντος 143, με την χρήση του υδροχλωρικού άλατος του μεθυλεστέρα της σερίνης. Η πλειοψηφία των προϊόντων ελήφθησαν σε καλές αποδόσεις και συντέθηκαν για πρώτη φορά στη βιβλιογραφία.
description: The present Postgraduate Thesis was prepared at the Organic Chemistry Laboratory of the Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry sector of the Chemistry Department of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, under the supervision of Professor Ioannis Lykakis, during the period 2022-2024. Within the framework of this Master's thesis, the optimal conditions for the selective synthesis of 2,3,7,7a-tetrahydropyrrol[2,1-b]oxazoles from aminoalcohols, aliphatic aldehyde and nitrostyrenes were investigated. Subsequently, the developed simple synthetic protocol was applied for the synthesis of libraries of 2,3,7,7a-tetrahydropyrrol[2,1-b]oxazoles and 3,4,8,8a-tetrahydro-2H-pyrrol[2,1b][1,3]oxazines. Finally, the enantioselective synthesis of the chiral 2,3,7,7a-tetrahydropyrrole[2,1-b]oxazole product 143 was achieved, by utilizing serine methyl ester hydrochloride. The majority of the products were obtained in good yields and were synthesized for the first time in the literature.
Multifunctional carbon nitride nanoarchitectures for catalysis
Creators: name: Kumar, Pawan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 340202
subject: Crystallography
classificationCode: 340204
subject: Inorganic green chemistry
classificationCode: 340205
subject: Main group metal chemistry
classificationCode: 340209
subject: Organometallic chemistry
classificationCode: 340299
subject: Inorganic chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: Catalysis is at the heart of modern-day chemical and pharmaceutical industries, and there is an urgent demand to develop metal-free, high surface area, and efficient catalysts in a scalable, reproducible and economic manner. Amongst the ever-expanding two-dimensional materials family, carbon nitride (CN) has emerged as the most researched material for catalytic applications due to its unique molecular structure with tunable visible range band gap, surface defects, basic sites, and nitrogen functionalities. These properties also endow it with anchoring capability with a large number of catalytically active sites and provide opportunities for doping, hybridization, sensitization, etc. To make considerable progress in the use of CN as a highly effective catalyst for various applications, it is critical to have an in-depth understanding of its synthesis, structure and surface sites. The present review provides an overview of the recent advances in synthetic approaches of CN, its physicochemical properties, and band gap engineering, with a focus on its exclusive usage in a variety of catalytic reactions, including hydrogen evolution reactions, overall water splitting, water oxidation, CO2reduction, nitrogen reduction reactions, pollutant degradation, and organocatalysis. While the structural design and band gap engineering of catalysts are elaborated, the surface chemistry is dealt with in detail to demonstrate efficient catalytic performances. Burning challenges in catalytic design and future outlook are elucidated.
Taille forestière du châtaigner
Creators: name: Cabanettes, Alain
name: Willm, Jérôme
name: Burnel, Laurent
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: taille, forestière, châtaignier, dispositif expérimental, forêt

description: Protocole pour la taille forestière du châtaignier dans le cadre du dispositif expérimental de Saint-Caprais
Monitoring sleep in real-world conditions using low-cost technology tools
Creators: name: Shama, Hassan
name: Gabinet, Nahum
name: Tzischinsky, Orna
name: Portnov, Boris
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biochemistry
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Monitoring sleep in real-world conditions requires bespoke equipment, e.g., Actigraphs or similar. However, such equipment is relatively expensive and not always available for large-scale field research. This study tests the possibility that sleep in real-world conditions can be monitored, sufficiently accurately, by tandems of commonly used smartphones (SP) and smartwatches (SW). 10 adult participants were asked to wear Actigraph, and SW for 30 consecutive nights. The accumulated records were analyzed using bi-variate statistics, mixed modeling and epoch-by-epoch analysis. A high degree of correspondence was found between Actigraph, SP/SW, and self-report records (R2 = 0.968–0.983). Although the mixed modeling also indicated high collinearity between Actigraphs and SP/SW tandems (b = 0.991; p < 0.001), it was also shown that SP/SW tandems add ⁓21.9 min to the Actigraph measurements while the self-reports were found to be even less accurate, adding ⁓39.9 min. Concurrently, the epoch-by-epoch analysis showed a good agreement between different types of measurements, varying between 81% and 100%. As we conclude, widely available and affordable SPs and SWs can help researchers to generate fairly reliable data for large-scale field studies, albeit measurement corrections need to be applied. Yet, estimates, obtained from sleep diaries, need to be treated with caution.
(100031) Barkley Edwards
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(100033) Jane Jenkins
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Untitled Item
Creators: name: Rasi, Chiara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Genomics and transcriptomics

description: A .d4 demo genome coverage file generated by the example in cram file from this tutorial: https://github.com/38/d4-format/blob/master/pyd4/examples/D4 Tutorial in Python.ipynb
 The demo sample has been filtered using a custom gene panel.
 This file is meant to be used as a demo file for testing the chanjo2 software (https://github.com/Clinical-Genomics/chanjo2)
title: Ανάλυση καταπτώσεων τεμαχών βράχου σε φυσικό πρανές
Creators: name: Αποκορωνιωτακης Γεωργιος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2022

description: Σκοπός της εργασίας είναι η διερεύνηση του μηχανισμού βραχοπτώσεων σε φυσικό πρανές και η διατύπωση προτάσεων για την αντιμετώπιση του φαινομένου.
Ως πεδίο εφαρμογής της εργασίας επελέγη πρανές στην περιοχή Νωπηγείων (Δ. Κρήτη), που δομείται από φυλλίτες - χαλαζίτες. Το πρόβλημα των καταπτώσεων διερευνήθηκε σε αντιπροσωπευτική τομή εγκάρσια στο πρανές, με τη χρήση του λογισμικού RocFall 5.0 .
Αρχικά αναλύεται το φαινόμενο των βραχοπτώσεων και τα αίτια που το προκαλούν. Στη συνέχεια γίνεται αναφορά στους υπολογισμούς για τον προσδιορισμό της κινητικής συμπεριφοράς των βραχοτεμαχών με την πρόσκρουση.
Ακολούθως, για την προσέγγιση της κίνησης των τεμαχών, προσδιορίσθηκαν οι τιμές του συντελεστή αναπήδησης, με βάση τα φυσικά χαρακτηριστικά, την κινητικότητα των τεμαχών, τα χαρακτηριστικά της βραχώδους επιφάνειας του πρανούς και τη βιβλιογραφία.
Τέλος με τη χρήση του λογισμικού RocFall 5.0, πραγματοποιήθηκαν αναλύσεις καταπτώσεων θεωρώντας διαφορετικές διαστάσεις βραχοτεμαχών και ταχύτητες πτώσης. Τα αποτελέσματα των αναλύσεων αξιολογήθηκαν και προσδιορίσθηκαν οι  κύριες παράμετροι που επηρεάζουν τις καταπτώσεις των βράχων στο πρανές έρευνας.
Ακολούθησαν επιλύσεις για τη διαστασιολόγηση των προτεινόμενων μέτρων προστασίας.
title: Immobilisierte Heteropolysäure als neuartiger Katalysator für die Herstellung von Oxymethylenether
Creators: name: Huth, Daniel
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2022

description: Im Rahmen der Mobilitätswende werden unter anderem synthetische Kraftstoffe als mögliche CO2 neutrale Energieträger diskutiert. Ein potentieller Treibstoff sind Oxymethylenether (OME), welche gute Verbrennungseigenschaften sowie eine signifikante Verringerung der Bildung von Ruß aufweisen und somit als Ersatz zu konventionellem Diesel aus fossilen Quellen eingesetzt werden können. Zur Synthese dieser OME hat sich die Heteropolysäure, Phosphorwolframsäure als leistungsfähiger Katalysator herausgestellt. Dieses lösliche Salz zu immobilisieren und die kinetisch Beschreibung sowie bestimmen der Reaktionsparamater ist Ziel dieser Arbeit. Das Aufbringen auf ein Trägermaterial (TiO2), sowie der Austausch der Protonen mit großen Kationen (Cs+) wurden als Immobilisierungsmethoden verwendet. Die synthetisierten Katalysatoren wurden charakterisiert und auf ihre Einflussgrößen untersucht. Eine kinetische Beschreibung der drei verwendeten Katalysatoren ist erstellt worden. Die auf Titandioxid aufgebrachte Phosphorwolframsäure konnte in einer kontinuierlichen Reaktionsfahrweise erprobt werden.
(100035) Mary A Jenkins
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(100030) Hilda Emily Ann Edwards
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Practical Aspects of Membership Problem of Watson-Crick Context-free Grammars
Creators: name: Hammer, Jan
name: Křivka, Zbyněk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4
subject: 68Q45

description: This paper focuses on Watson-Crick languages inspired by DNA computing, their models, and algorithms for deciding the language membership. It analyzes a recently introduced algorithm called WK-CYK and introduces a state space search algorithm that is based on regular Breadth-first search but uses a number of optimizations and heuristics to be efficient in practical use and able to analyze longer inputs. The key parts are the heuristics for pruning the state space (detecting dead ends) and heuristics for choosing the most promising branches to continue the search. These two algorithms have been tested with 20 different Watson-Crick grammars (40 including their Chomsky normal form versions). While WK-CYK is able to decide the language membership in a reasonable time for inputs of the length of roughly 30-50 symbols and its performance is very consistent for all kinds of grammars and inputs, the state space search is usually (89-98 % of cases) more efficient and able to do the computation for inputs with lengths of hundreds or even thousands of symbols. Thus, the state space search has the potential to be a good tool for practical Watson-Crick membership testing and is a good basis for improvement the efficiency of the algorithm in the future.
description: In Proceedings NCMA 2022, arXiv:208.13015
Exchange bias effect in martensitic epitaxial Ni-Mn-Sn thin films applied to pin CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB magnetic tunnel junctions
Creators: name: Teichert, Niclas
name: Boehnke, Alexander
name: Behler, Anna
name: Weise, Bruno
name: Waske, Anja
name: Hütten, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exchange bias effect is commonly used to shift the coercive field of a ferromagnet. This technique is crucial for the use of magnetic tunnel junctions as logic or memory devices. Therefore, an independent switching of the two ferromagnetic electrodes is necessary to guarantee a reliable readout. Here, we demonstrate that the intrinsic exchange bias effect of Ni-Mn-Sn can be used to apply a unidirectional anisotropy to magnetic tunnel junctions. For this, we use epitaxial Ni-Mn-Sn films as pinning layers for microfabricated CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB magnetic tunnel junctions. We compare the exchange bias field ($H_{\text{EB}}$) measured after field cooling in $-10$\,kOe external field by magnetization measurements with $H_{\text{EB}}$ obtained from tunnel magnetoresistance measurements. Consistent for both methods we find an exchange bias of about $H_{\text{EB}}=130$\,Oe at 10\,K, which decreases with increasing temperature and vanishes above 70\,K.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Standardizing plasma protein measurements worldwide: a challenging enterprise
Creators: name: Sheldon, Joanna
name: Zegers, Ingrid
name: Johnson, A. Myron
name: Merlini, Giampaolo
name: Blirup-Jensen, Søren
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The need for harmonizing laboratory results is particularly intense in the field of quantitative protein assays in consideration of the clinical impact of specific protein measurements and their relevance in monitoring disease. We report the efforts made by the Committee on Plasma Proteins of the IFCC Scientific Division to achieve worldwide comparability in plasma protein results. We focus on the production of reference materials and the methods applied throughout their production process. Particularly, the recent characterization of ERM-DA470k/IFCC and ERM-DA472/IFCC has demonstrated that it is possible to reproduce the earlier established procedures and thereby maintain standardization. Plasma protein reference materials have had a substantial impact in improving the harmonization of patient protein results that should translate into better patient care.
Exploring PtSO$_4$ and PdSO$_4$ phases: an evolutionary algorithm based investigation
Creators: name: Sharma, Hom
name: Sharma, Vinit
name: Huan, Tran Doan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metal sulfate formation is one of the major challenges to the emissions aftertreatment catalysts. Unlike the incredibly sulfation prone nature of Pd to form PdSO$_4$, no experimental evidence exits for the PtSO$_4$ formation. Given the mystery of nonexistence of the PtSO$_4$, we explore the PtSO$_4$ using a combined approach of evolutionary algorithm based search technique and quantum mechanical computations. Experimentally known PdSO$_4$ is considered for the comparison and validation of our results. We predict many possible low-energy phases of the PtSO$_4$ and PdSO$_4$ at 0K, which are further investigated under wide range of temperature-pressure conditions. An entirely new low-energy (tetragonal $P4_2/m$) structure of the PtSO$_4$ and PdSO$_4$ is predicted, which appears to be the most stable phase of the PtSO$_4$ and a competing phase of the experimentally known monoclinic $C_2/c$ phase of PdSO$_4$. Phase stability at finite temperature is further examined and verified by free energy calculations of sulfates towards their possible decomposition products. Finally, temperature-pressure phase diagrams are computationally established for both PtSO$_4$ and PdSO$_4$.
Socio-economical analysis of Italy: The case of hagiotoponym cities
Creators: name: Cerqueti, Roy
name: Ausloos, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper pursues the scopes of joining the economical characteristics of Italian cities with a relevant sociological aspect: the cult of the catholic Saints. Indeed, more than in other Countries, a high percentage of Italian cities has a toponym coming from the name of specific Saints (hagiotoponym). The assessment of the historical origin of each hagiotoponym is out of the scopes of the present paper, but the link with the religious sense of Italians seems to be clear. The statistical analysis of the economic contributions that each hagiotoponym city provides to the Italian GDP is here performed. Such an analysis is also based on the comparison with the overall Italian data, and it is carried out through the computation of the Theil, Gini and Herfindahl-Hirschman indices.
description: 11 pages, 2 Tables, 18 references; accepted for publication in Social Science Journal; new version correcting misprints in title and abstract
(100032) Thomas Jenkins
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Interventions for the eradication of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in people with cystic fibrosis
Creators: name: Hurley, Matthew
name: Muhlebach, Marianne
name: Lo, David KH
name: Smyth, Alan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: BACKGROUND: Cystic fibrosis is an inherited recessive disorder of chloride transport that is characterised by recurrent and persistent pulmonary infections from resistant organisms that result in lung function deterioration and early mortality in sufferers. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has emerged as, not only an important infection in long-term hospitalised patients, but also as a potentially harmful pathogen in cystic fibrosis, and has been increasing steadily in prevalence internationally. Chronic pulmonary infection with MRSA is thought to confer cystic fibrosis patients with a worse overall clinical outcome and, in particular, result in an increased rate of decline in lung function. Clear guidance for the eradication of MRSA in cystic fibrosis, supported by robust evidence from good quality trials, is urgently needed. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of treatment regimens designed to eradicate MRSA and to determine whether the eradication of MRSA confers better clinical and microbiological outcomes for people with cystic fibrosis. SEARCH METHODS: Randomised and quasi-randomised controlled trials were identified by searching the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group's Cystic Fibrosis Trials Register, MEDLINE, EMBASE, handsearching article reference lists and through contact with local and international experts in the field. Date of the last search of the Group's Cystic Fibrosis Trials Register: 24 January 2013. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials comparing any combinations of topical, inhaled, oral or intravenous antimicrobials with the primary aim of eradicating MRSA compared with placebo, standard treatment or no treatment. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: The authors independently assessed all search results for eligibility. No eligible trials were identified. MAIN RESULTS: No current published eligible trials were identified, although two ongoing clinical trials are likely to be eligible for inclusion in future updates of this review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: We did not identify any randomised trials which would allow us to make any evidence-based recommendations. Although the results of several non-randomised studies would suggest that, once isolated, the eradication of MRSA is possible; whether this has a significant impact on clinical outcome is still unclear. Further research is required to guide clinical decision making in the management of MRSA infection in cystic fibrosis.
Integration into the Market among Indigenous Peoples: A Cross‐Cultural Perspective from the Ecuadorian Amazon
Creators: name: Lu, Flora
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The integration of indigenous peoples into the market economy has received attention in the literature because of its implications for both human well-being and ecological viability. Previous studies that have examined the impacts of market participation on variables such as forest clearance, health, and ecological knowledge vary greatly in their measures of market involvement and often use only one or a few measures. Examination of data from five indigenous populations in the northern Ecuadorian Amazon shows little correlation between various measures of integration into the market and points to the importance of using a diversity of measures of both household production and consumption.
Saliency-based Multiple Region of Interest Detection from a Single 360° image
Creators: name: Sawabe, Yuuki
name: Ikehata, Satoshi
name: Aizawa, Kiyoharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: 360° images are informative -- it contains omnidirectional visual information around the camera. However, the areas that cover a 360° image is much larger than the human's field of view, therefore important information in different view directions is easily overlooked. To tackle this issue, we propose a method for predicting the optimal set of Region of Interest (RoI) from a single 360° image using the visual saliency as a clue. To deal with the scarce, strongly biased training data of existing single 360° image saliency prediction dataset, we also propose a data augmentation method based on the spherical random data rotation. From the predicted saliency map and redundant candidate regions, we obtain the optimal set of RoIs considering both the saliency within a region and the Interaction-Over-Union (IoU) between regions. We conduct the subjective evaluation to show that the proposed method can select regions that properly summarize the input 360° image.
hg002_panel1.d4
Creators: name: Rasi, Chiara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Genomics and transcriptomics

description: A .d4 demo genome coverage file generated by the example in cram file from this tutorial: https://github.com/38/d4-format/blob/master/pyd4/examples/D4 Tutorial in Python.ipynb
 The demo sample has been filtered using a custom gene panel.
 This file is meant to be used as a demo file for testing the chanjo2 software (https://github.com/Clinical-Genomics/chanjo2)
(100028) Martha Minnie Edwards
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
GPU-Powered Particle-in-Cell Community Frameworks for Laser-Plasma Interaction
Creators: name: Huebl, Axel
name: Et Al.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: PIC
HPC
frameworks
FOSS
high-performance computing
memory optimization

description: In the context of laser-particle acceleration, the electro-magnetic particle-in-cell codes PIConGPU and WarpX are presented. Novel developments and workflows that enable high-resolution, fast turn-around computations on manycore-powered, leadership-scale supercomputers are essential to make optimal use of upcoming Exascale machines. Both codes' software libraries and abstractions are build on top of a generalized, single-source programming model (Alpaka) or parallel-for/-reduce based kernels. While PIConGPU is designed on top of modular, single-purpose libraries, WarpX's core routines are constructed on top of a more monolithic dependency, AMReX, which is a widely used adaptive-mesh refinement framework. Both particle-in-cell codes share the same challenges for handling PByte-scale data workflows on pre-Exascale machines. A common, open data format for particle and mesh data (openPMD) avoids duplicating I/O efforts and allows to reuse scalable data workflows with common libraries. In production runs, close bindings to scripting languages and the Jupyter platform can provide efficient control of simulations, with the goal of fast turn-arounds and good applicability to experiments. We present standardization efforts and prototypes of both communities with emphasis on reproducibility and flexibility.
description: WarpX (LBNL + NERSC + LLNL + SLAC, U.S. + CEA, France): This research used resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility located in the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, and is supported by the Exascale Computing Project (17-SC-20-SC), a collaborative effort of two U.S. Department of Energy organizations (Office of Science and the National Nuclear Security Administration). PIConGPU (HZDR + CASUS, Germany + UDEL, U.S.): This research used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility located in the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, which is supported by the Office of Science of the Department of Energy under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. This project received funding within the MEPHISTO project (BMBF-Förderkennzeichen 01IH16006C). This project has received funding from the European Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 654220.
(100029) Charles Frederick Edwards
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Bayesian-based aberration correction and numerical diffraction for improved lensfree on-chip microscopy of biological specimens
Creators: name: Wong, Alexander
name: Kazemzadeh, Farnoud
name: Jin, Chao
name: Wang, Xiao Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lensfree on-chip microscopy is an emerging imaging technique that can be used to visualize and study biological specimens without the need for imaging lens systems. Important issues that can limit the performance of lensfree on-chip microscopy include interferometric aberrations, acquisition noise, and image reconstruction artifacts. In this study, we introduce a Bayesian-based method for performing aberration correction and numerical diffraction that accounts for all three of these issues to improve the effective numerical aperture (NA) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the reconstructed microscopic image. The proposed method was experimentally validated using the USAF resolution target as well as real waterborne Anabaena flos-aquae samples, demonstrating improvements in NA by ~25% over the standard method, and improvements in SNR of 2.3 dB and 3.8 dB in the reconstructed image when compared to the reconstructed images produced using the standard method and a maximum likelihood estimation method, respectively.
description: Optics Letters, vol. 40, no. 10, pp. 2233-2236 (2015) https://www.osapublishing.org/ol/abstract.cfm?uri=ol-40-10-2233
A Review on Method Entities in the Academic Literature: Extraction, Evaluation, and Application
Creators: name: Wang, Yuzhuo
name: Zhang, Chengzhi
name: Li, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In scientific research, the method is an indispensable means to solve scientific problems and a critical research object. With the advancement of sciences, many scientific methods are being proposed, modified, and used in academic literature. The authors describe details of the method in the abstract and body text, and key entities in academic literature reflecting names of the method are called method entities. Exploring diverse method entities in a tremendous amount of academic literature helps scholars understand existing methods, select the appropriate method for research tasks, and propose new methods. Furthermore, the evolution of method entities can reveal the development of a discipline and facilitate knowledge discovery. Therefore, this article offers a systematic review of methodological and empirical works focusing on extracting method entities from full-text academic literature and efforts to build knowledge services using these extracted method entities. Definitions of key concepts involved in this review were first proposed. Based on these definitions, we systematically reviewed the approaches and indicators to extract and evaluate method entities, with a strong focus on the pros and cons of each approach. We also surveyed how extracted method entities are used to build new applications. Finally, limitations in existing works as well as potential next steps were discussed.
Exploring the Distribution Regularities of User Attention and Sentiment toward Product Aspects in Online Reviews
Creators: name: Qin, Chenglei
name: Zhang, Chengzhi
name: Bu, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: [Purpose] To better understand the online reviews and help potential consumers, businessmen, and product manufacturers effectively obtain users' evaluation on product aspects, this paper explores the distribution regularities of user attention and sentiment toward product aspects from the temporal perspective of online reviews. [Design/methodology/approach] Temporal characteristics of online reviews (purchase time, review time, and time intervals between purchase time and review time), similar attributes clustering, and attribute-level sentiment computing technologies are employed based on more than 340k smartphone reviews of three products from JD.COM (a famous online shopping platform in China) to explore the distribution regularities of user attention and sentiment toward product aspects in this article. [Findings] The empirical results show that a power-law distribution can fit user attention to product aspects, and the reviews posted in short time intervals contain more product aspects. Besides, the results show that the values of user sentiment of product aspects are significantly higher/lower in short time intervals which contribute to judging the advantages and weaknesses of a product. [Research limitations] The paper can't acquire online reviews for more products with temporal characteristics to verify the findings because of the restriction on reviews crawling by the shopping platforms. [Originality/value] This work reveals the distribution regularities of user attention and sentiment toward product aspects, which is of great significance in assisting decision-making, optimizing review presentation, and improving the shopping experience.
Toxicology: statistical perspectives
Creators: name: Sen, Pranab Kumar
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Toxicity abounds in nature, environment, and in our modern life-style. Toxicology relates to the study of the intake process of such toxins by human being, their mode of propagation, biological reactions, molecular level of penetration, genotoxicity and aftermaths. Because of the latent nature of a large class of toxic substances, the extreme variability of human metabolism as well as their exposure to toxic material, yet unknown nature of many carcinogentic activities, and immense difficulties in the assessment of effective toxicity levels (especially in the environment), there is a genuine need to have statistical perspectives are highlighted here along with some outline of recent statistical approaches in this much needed assessment task.
What Did I Just Hear? Detecting Pornographic Sounds in Adult Videos Using Neural Networks
Creators: name: Lovenia, Holy
name: Lestari, Dessi Puji
name: Frieske, Rita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Audio-based pornographic detection enables efficient adult content filtering without sacrificing performance by exploiting distinct spectral characteristics. To improve it, we explore pornographic sound modeling based on different neural architectures and acoustic features. We find that CNN trained on log mel spectrogram achieves the best performance on Pornography-800 dataset. Our experiment results also show that log mel spectrogram allows better representations for the models to recognize pornographic sounds. Finally, to classify whole audio waveforms rather than segments, we employ voting segment-to-audio technique that yields the best audio-level detection results.
description: Published in AudioMostly 2022, ACM