cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Manipulation of quail intestinal microbiome
Creators: name: Wilkinson, Ngare
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2020
Subjects: classificationCode: 300302
subject: Animal management

description: This study aims to conduct an investigation into the microbial dynamics of avian gut colonisation, using Japanese quail as a model and provides a broad visualisation of bacterial colonisation dynamics within the developing intestinal tract. Japanese quail was selected as a model due to their small size which allows them to fit in mouse isolators even to full sexual maturity which they reach at only 5 weeks post hatch. Bacterial cells in the gut outnumber host cells by a factor of 10 and contribute 100 times more genetic potential when compared to the host genetic contribution. Despite extensive research, the estimated number of culturable bacteria in the human gut represents only approximately 25% of total gut microbiota. This has been determined by the implementation of DNA sequencing methodology that allows us to screen total bacterial community, including the species that are unculturble within laboratory conditions. There are now significant opportunities to manipulate and harness the complex microbiota in the GIT to improve the health and productivity of agricultural animals. Probiotics are defined as viable microorganisms used as a food supplement with proven beneficial effects on the host and many commercial probiotics are available in the agricultural industry, however they have been used in industry with variable to limited success. This thesis outlines the exploration of the microbial communities present in the Japanese quail gastrointestinal tract and the bird’s intestinal physiology. The isolation of quail intestinal probiotic strains and the knowledge of their intestinal role and distribution was then applied to investigate alternative approach in probiotic administration and the role of hygiene in gut microbiota development. ii We first investigated each section of the healthy qual gastrointestinal tract from mouth to cloaca, and provided detailed analysis of the species dynamics and microbiota seeding between the gut sections, as well as their variable contribution to the fecal microbiome. We used histology and electron microscopy to provide the first detailed tour of the quail gut sections focusing on identifying differences between the quail and chicken gut sections and their relevance for health and nutrition. We then isolated the most abundant strain of Lactobacillus from the quail ileum and performed targeted colonisation experiment that showed, for the first time in poultry, that it is possible to achieve near total colonisation with desired strain. The experiment also indicated the consequences of lack of exposure to the host-specific quail microbiome in early days of the gut development.
Insights into seasonal yield variation in subtropical table grape production
Creators: name: Dahal, Kishor
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 300805
subject: Oenology and viticulture
classificationCode: 310804
subject: Plant developmental and reproductive biology
classificationCode: 300802
subject: Horticultural crop growth and development

description: Table grape (cv. Menindee Seedless) production from a vineyard in Emerald, Central Queensland, demonstrated a strong alternate bearing pattern in seven consecutive seasons (P < 0.02) and irregular bearing in another seven seasons. Variation in vine yield was 78–90% attributable to the variation in bunch number. A sampling methodology for estimation of vine yield was recommended, and a machine vision-based system for rapid estimation of berry number and size was introduced. Low yields were attributed to low bud fertility, with only one inflorescence primordium (IP) in fruitful buds, and to poor development of IP during hot summers. IP developmental stages stretched across two seasons, with IP initiation and development in season 1 and floral primordia formation on IP in season 2. The hypothesis that IP initiation and survival is related to carbohydrate availability was not supported by the results of a two season sucrose supplementation trial. Total non-structural carbohydrate (TNC) reserves did not recover between flowering and harvest in untreated (control) plants, and decreased in root and trunk tissues from 13.5% and 7.5% w/dw at leaf fall to 7.2% and 3.7% w/dw at flowering, respectively. A continuous low pressure (69 kPa) stem injection system delivered an average of 150 g of sucrose per season into vines estimated to contain 500 g of carbohydrate at flowering but this did not alter the root or trunk TNC reserve content. Tissue δ13C (‰) values were consistent with partitioning of injected sucrose to young shoots. The comparatively low sucrose loading and variability between vines in the field by stem injection was ascribed to necrotic xylem and a decline in hydraulic conductance. Sucrose equivalent to 37% of the total plant dry weight was introduced into shoot cuttings through transpiration flow over four days, however photosynthetic rate is decreased, limiting impact of sucrose injection on TNC status. Hydraulic conductance of shoot cuttings was enhanced about 20% by perfusion with 10 mM KCl compared to water, a result attributed to an effect on pectin hydrogels in pit membranes, but conductance nevertheless had declined by approximately 90% in 72 hours. Gibberellic acid (GA3) applied at earlier stages of flowering (10% and 30% caps-off) increased inflorescence count per vine in the following season by 93% to 122% per vine relative to a control with no GA3 application, justifying a proposed split application strategy. Future research should test the proposal that inter-seasonal yield variation in Menindee Seedless is linked to low bud fruitfulness, triggered by extreme temperatures during IP formation.
Lifting General Relativity to Observer Space
Creators: name: Gielen, Steffen
name: Wise, Derek K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The `observer space' of a Lorentzian spacetime is the space of future-timelike unit tangent vectors. Using Cartan geometry, we first study the structure a given spacetime induces on its observer space, then use this to define abstract observer space geometries for which no underlying spacetime is assumed. We propose taking observer space as fundamental in general relativity, and prove integrability conditions under which spacetime can be reconstructed as a quotient of observer space. Additional field equations on observer space then descend to Einstein's equations on the reconstructed spacetime. We also consider the case where no such reconstruction is possible, and spacetime becomes an observer-dependent, relative concept. Finally, we discuss applications of observer space, including a geometric link between covariant and canonical approaches to gravity.
description: 35 pages; v2: substantial improvements of sections 2.4 and 5, small changes and corrections throughout the rest of the paper; v3: minor changes to match published version
Size measurement of dynamically generated resonances with finite boxes
Creators: name: Sekihara, Takayasu
name: Hyodo, Tetsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of dynamically generated states is studied from a viewpoint of the finite volume effect. We establish the relation between the spatial size of a stable bound state and the finite volume mass shift. In a single-channel scattering model, this relation is shown to be valid for a bound state dominated by the two-body molecule component. We generalize this method to the case of a quasi-bound state with finite width in coupled-channel scattering. We define the real-valued size of the resonance in a given closed channel using the response to the finite volume effect on the channel. Applying this method to physical resonances we find that Lambda(1405) and f_{0}(980) are dominated by the Kbar N and K Kbar scattering states, respectively, and that the distance between Kbar N (K Kbar) inside Lambda(1405) [f_{0}(980)] is 1.7-1.9 fm (2.6-3.0 fm). The root mean squared radii of Lambda(1405) and f_0(980) are also estimated from the mean distance between constituents.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C
NLO QCD corrections to off-shell top-antitop production with leptonic decays at hadron colliders
Creators: name: Denner, Ansgar
name: Dittmaier, Stefan
name: Kallweit, Stefan
name: Pozzorini, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present details of a calculation of the cross section for hadronic top-antitop production in next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD, including the decays of the top and antitop into bottom quarks and leptons. This calculation is based on matrix elements for νe e+ μ- \barν_μb\bar{b} production and includes all non-resonant diagrams, interferences, and off-shell effects of the top quarks. Such contributions are formally suppressed by the top-quark width and turn out to be small in the inclusive cross section. However, they can be strongly enhanced in exclusive observables that play an important role in Higgs and new-physics searches. Also non-resonant and off-shell effects due to the finite W-boson width are investigated in detail, but their impact is much smaller than naively expected. We also introduce a matching approach to improve NLO calculations involving intermediate unstable particles. Using a fixed QCD scale leads to perturbative instabilities in the high-energy tails of distributions, but an appropriate dynamical scale stabilises NLO predictions. Numerical results for the total cross section, several distributions, and asymmetries are presented for Tevatron and the LHC at 7 TeV, 8 TeV, and 14 TeV.
description: 61 pp. Matches version published in JHEP; one more reference added
Motion Planning for Continuous Time Stochastic Processes: A Dynamic Programming Approach
Creators: name: Esfahani, Peyman Mohajerin
name: Chatterjee, Debasish
name: Lygeros, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We study stochastic motion planning problems which involve a controlled process, with possibly discontinuous sample paths, visiting certain subsets of the state-space while avoiding others in a sequential fashion. For this purpose, we first introduce two basic notions of motion planning, and then establish a connection to a class of stochastic optimal control problems concerned with sequential stopping times. A weak dynamic programming principle (DPP) is then proposed, which characterizes the set of initial states that admit a control enabling the process to execute the desired maneuver with probability no less than some pre-specified value. The proposed DPP comprises auxiliary value functions defined in terms of discontinuous payoff functions. A concrete instance of the use of this novel DPP in the case of diffusion processes is also presented. In this case, we establish that the aforementioned set of initial states can be characterized as the level set of a discontinuous viscosity solution to a sequence of partial differential equations, for which the first one has a known boundary condition, while the boundary conditions of the subsequent ones are determined by the solutions to the preceding steps. Finally, the generality and flexibility of the theoretical results are illustrated on an example involving biological switches.
On neoclassical impurity transport in stellarator geometry
Creators: name: García-Regaña, J. M.
name: Kleiber, R.
name: Beidler, C. D.
name: Turkin, Y.
name: Maaßberg, H.
name: Helander, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impurity dynamics in stellarators has become an issue of moderate concern due to the inherent tendency of the impurities to accumulate in the core when the neoclassical ambipolar radial electric field points radially inwards (ion root regime). This accumulation can lead to collapse of the plasma due to radiative losses, and thus limit high performance plasma discharges in non-axisymmetric devices.\\ A quantitative description of the neoclassical impurity transport is complicated by the breakdown of the assumption of small $\mathbf{E}\times \mathbf{B}$ drift and trapping due to the electrostatic potential variation on a flux surface $\tildeΦ$ compared to those due to the magnetic field gradient. The present work examines the impact of this potential variation on neoclassical impurity transport in the Large Helical Device (LHD) stellarator. It shows that the neoclassical impurity transport can be strongly affected by $\tildeΦ$. The central numerical tool used is the $δf$ particle in cell (PIC) Monte Carlo code EUTERPE. The $\tildeΦ$ used in the calculations is provided by the neoclassical code GSRAKE. The possibility of obtaining a more general $\tildeΦ$ self-consistently with EUTERPE is also addressed and a preliminary calculation is presented.
description: 11 pages, 15 figures, presented at Joint Varenna-Lausanne International Workshop on Theory of Fusion Plasmas, 2012. Accepted for publication to Plasma Phys. and Control. Fusion
Quantum information causality
Creators: name: Pitalúa-García, Damián
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How much information can a transmitted physical system fundamentally communicate? We introduce the principle of quantum information causality, which states the maximum amount of quantum information that a quantum system can communicate as a function of its dimension, independently of any previously shared quantum physical resources. We present a new quantum information task, whose success probability is upper bounded by the new principle, and show that an optimal strategy to perform it combines the quantum teleportation and superdense coding protocols with a task that has classical inputs.
description: 4 pages, plus 5 of supplemental material. Expanded discussion, minor changes and added references. To appear in Physical Review Letters
Shielding quantum discord through continuous dynamical decoupling
Creators: name: Fanchini, Felipe F.
name: de Lima, Emanuel F.
name: Castelano, Leonardo K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work investigates the use of dynamical decoupling to shield quantum discord from errors introduced by the environment. Specifically, a two-qubits system interacting with independent baths of bosons is considered. The initial conditions of the system were chosen as pure and mixed states, while the dynamical decoupling has been achieved by means of continuous fields. The effects of the temperature on the shielding of quantum discord is also studied. It is shown that although the quantum discord for particular initial states may be perfectly preserved over some finite time window in the absence of any protective field, the effectiveness of the dynamical decoupling with continuous fields depends essentially on the timescale required to preserve quantum discord. It is also shown that for these particular initial states the time for which the shielding of the quantum discord becomes effective decreases as the temperature increases.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Multi-Target Regression via Input Space Expansion: Treating Targets as Inputs
Creators: name: Spyromitros-Xioufis, Eleftherios
name: Tsoumakas, Grigorios
name: Groves, William
name: Vlahavas, Ioannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In many practical applications of supervised learning the task involves the prediction of multiple target variables from a common set of input variables. When the prediction targets are binary the task is called multi-label classification, while when the targets are continuous the task is called multi-target regression. In both tasks, target variables often exhibit statistical dependencies and exploiting them in order to improve predictive accuracy is a core challenge. A family of multi-label classification methods address this challenge by building a separate model for each target on an expanded input space where other targets are treated as additional input variables. Despite the success of these methods in the multi-label classification domain, their applicability and effectiveness in multi-target regression has not been studied until now. In this paper, we introduce two new methods for multi-target regression, called Stacked Single-Target and Ensemble of Regressor Chains, by adapting two popular multi-label classification methods of this family. Furthermore, we highlight an inherent problem of these methods - a discrepancy of the values of the additional input variables between training and prediction - and develop extensions that use out-of-sample estimates of the target variables during training in order to tackle this problem. The results of an extensive experimental evaluation carried out on a large and diverse collection of datasets show that, when the discrepancy is appropriately mitigated, the proposed methods attain consistent improvements over the independent regressions baseline. Moreover, two versions of Ensemble of Regression Chains perform significantly better than four state-of-the-art methods including regularization-based multi-task learning methods and a multi-objective random forest approach.
description: Accepted for publication in Machine Learning journal. This replacement contains major improvements compared to the previous version, including a deeper theoretical and experimental analysis and an extended discussion of related work
The parbelos, a parabolic analog of the arbelos
Creators: name: Sondow, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51M04

description: The arbelos is a classical geometric shape bounded by three mutually tangent semicircles with collinear diameters. We introduce a parabolic analog, the parbelos. After a review of the parabola, we use theorems of Archimedes and Lambert to demonstrate seven properties of the parbelos, drawing analogies to similar properties of the arbelos, some of which may be new. The seventh constructs a parbelos directly from an arbelos via a locus. Along the way we mention the Universal Parabolic Constant (an analog of pi) and an origami fold.
description: Cited Tsukerman's solution of the Problem and Tahir's discovery of a locus; 8 pages, 11 figures, to appear in the Monthly
Holographic models for undoped Weyl semimetals
Creators: name: Gursoy, Umut
name: Jacobs, Vivian
name: Plauschinn, Erik
name: Stoof, Henk
name: Vandoren, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue our recently proposed holographic description of single-particle correlation functions for four-dimensional chiral fermions with Lifshitz scaling at zero chemical potential, paying particular attention to the dynamical exponent z = 2. We present new results for the spectral densities and dispersion relations at non-zero momenta and temperature. In contrast to the relativistic case with z = 1, we find the existence of a quantum phase transition from a non-Fermi liquid into a Fermi liquid in which two Fermi surfaces spontaneously form, even at zero chemical potential. Our findings show that the boundary system behaves like an undoped Weyl semimetal.
description: 64 pages, 19 figures
Multiwavelength spectral evolution during the 2011 outburst of the very faint X-ray transient Swift J1357.2-0933
Creators: name: Padilla, M. Armas
name: Degenaar, N.
name: Russell, D. M.
name: Wijnands, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report our multiwavelength study of the 2011 outburst evolution of the newly discovered black hole candidate X-ray binary Swift J1357.2-0933. We analysed the Swift X-ray telescope and Ultraviolet/Optical telescope (UVOT) data taken during the ~7 months duration of the outburst. It displayed a 2-10 keV X-ray peak luminosity of ~1E35(D/1.5 kpc)^2 erg s-1 which classifies the source as a very faint X-ray transient. We found that the X-ray spectrum at the peak was consistent with the source being in the hard state, but it softened with decreasing luminosity, a common behaviour of black holes at low luminosities or returning to quiescence from the hard state. The correlations between the simultaneous X-ray and ultraviolet/optical data suggest a system with a black hole accreting from a viscous disc that is not irradiated. The UVOT filters provide the opportunity to study these correlations up to ultraviolet wavelengths a regime so far unexplored. If the black hole nature is confirmed, Swift J1357.2-0933 would be one of the very few established black hole very-faint X-ray transients.
description: 6 pages, 2 tables, 5 figures. Accepted by MNRAS
Elliptic and Hexadecapole flow of charged hadron in viscous hydrodynamics with Glauber and Color Glass Condensate initial conditions for Pb-Pb collision at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=2.76 TeV
Creators: name: Roy, Victor
name: Mohanty, Bedangadas
name: Chaudhuri, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The experimentally measured elliptic ($v_{2}$) and hexadecapole ($v_{4}$) flow of charged particles as a function of transverse momentum ($p_{T}$) at midrapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV are compared with the relativistic viscous hydrodynamic model simulations. The simulations are carried out for two different initial energy density profiles obtained from (i) Glauber model, and (ii) Color Glass Condensate (CGC) model. Comparison to experimental data for 10-20% to 40-50% centrality, shows that a centrality dependent shear viscosity to entropy density ($η/s$) ratio with values ranging between 0.0 to 0.12 are needed to explain the $v_{2}$ data for simulations with the Glauber based initial condition. Whereas for the CGC based initial conditions a slightly higher value of $η/s$ is preferred, around 0.08 to 0.16. From the comparison of the $v_{4}$ simulated results to the corresponding experimental measurements we observe that for the centralities 20-30% to 40-50% the $η/s$ values lies between 0.0 to 0.12 for both the initial conditions studied. The $η/s$ values obtained from our studies for Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV are compared to other studies which uses both transport and hydrodynamic approaches.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures. One new figure added, text modified. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1204.2347
Transferring Subspaces Between Subjects in Brain-Computer Interfacing
Creators: name: Samek, Wojciech
name: Meinecke, Frank C.
name: Müller, Klaus-Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Compensating changes between a subjects' training and testing session in Brain Computer Interfacing (BCI) is challenging but of great importance for a robust BCI operation. We show that such changes are very similar between subjects, thus can be reliably estimated using data from other users and utilized to construct an invariant feature space. This novel approach to learning from other subjects aims to reduce the adverse effects of common non-stationarities, but does not transfer discriminative information. This is an important conceptual difference to standard multi-subject methods that e.g. improve the covariance matrix estimation by shrinking it towards the average of other users or construct a global feature space. These methods do not reduces the shift between training and test data and may produce poor results when subjects have very different signal characteristics. In this paper we compare our approach to two state-of-the-art multi-subject methods on toy data and two data sets of EEG recordings from subjects performing motor imagery. We show that it can not only achieve a significant increase in performance, but also that the extracted change patterns allow for a neurophysiologically meaningful interpretation.
Influence of Grain Size on the Band-gap of Annealed SnS Thin Films
Creators: name: Jain, Priyal
name: Arun, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The manuscript reports the variation in optical band-gap of vacuum annealed SnS thin films. The samples were characterized by using X-Ray Diffraction, UV-visible Spectroscopy and Raman Analysis. Results show that while annealing does not effect the nano-crystalline sample's lattice structure or unit cell size it does control the grain size. The band-gap (Eg) decreases with increase in grain size. Eg values were found to be very high (1.8-2.5 eV) for samples studied.
Modelluntersuchung Zum Einfluss Von Blasen Auf Den Gasaustausch Zwischen Atmosphäre Und Meer
Creators: name: Maiß, Manfred
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1986
Subjects: bubbles
gas transfer
gas chromatography

description: Diploma thesis with an experimental study on bubble-mediated air-water gas exchange: single-bubbles and bubble clouds in a dedicated bubble tank, simulating bubble entrainment by breaking waves. Gases used: He, methane, Xe, and carbon dioxide
Accelerated direct demodulation method for image reconstruction with spherical data from Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope
Creators: name: Huo, Zhuo-Xi
name: Zhou, Jian-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hard X-ray modulation telescope mission HXMT is mainly devoted to performing an all-sky survey at 1 keV -- 250 keV with both high sensitivity and high spatial resolution. The observed data reduction as well as the image reconstruction for HXMT can be achieved by direct demodulation method (DDM). However the original DDM is computationally too expensive for multi-dimensional data with high resolution to employ for HXMT data. In this article we propose an accelerated direct demodulation method adapted for data from HXMT. Simulations are also presented to demonstrate this method.
The Heidelberg Aelotron - New Perspectives For Laboratory Investigations Of Small-Scale Air-Sea Interaction
Creators: name: Jähne, Bernd
name: Schimpf, Uwe
name: Balschbach, Günther
name: Garbe, Christoph
name: Degreif, Kai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Aeolotron
wind/wave facility
gas exchange

description: A large annular wind/wave facility with quasi unlimited fetch has been built at the Institute for Environmental Physics University of Heidelberg, Germany. The facility is designed to perform detailed studies of small-scale air-sea interaction. It is optimized for imaging short wind waves, accurate measurements of gas transfer velocities and to deploy infrared imaging techniques.

The annular water channel has an outer diameter of 10 m and a width of 0.65 m. It is 2.4 m high and can be filled with water up to a height of 1.2 m, which corresponds to a water volume of approximately 21 m3. Wind is generated by a rotating paddle wheel up to 15 m/s. The air space is gas tight and the walls are insulated. Experiments can be performed with deionized water, artificial sea water, surfactants, and reactive gases. An air conditioning system controls independently humidity and air temperature. In conjunction with an air flushing system net heat fluxes at the water surface can be adjusted from -500 to 1000 W/m2. A water current with a speed up to 0.5 m/s against the wind direction can be generated separately by a set of thrusters.

Air temperature, water temperature, relative humidity, water current and wind speed are continuously monitored. Standard measurements techniques include a color imaging slope gauge (mean square wave slope and wave spectra), an infrared imaging system (heat transfer velocity), and infrared absorption spectroscopy (gas transfer velocities of He, H2, N20, and F12).

We plan to focus in the next decade on measurements revealing the mechanism of air-sea gas transfer including the effects of surfactants and waves. The experimental possibilities of the facility are detailed to show the opportunities for international cooperation.
Trajectory-based interpretation of Young's experiment, the Arago-Fresnel laws and the Poisson-Arago spot for photons and massive particles
Creators: name: Davidovic, M.
name: Sanz, A. S.
name: Bozic, M.
name: Arsenovic, D.
name: Dimic, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a trajectory based interpretation for Young's experiment, the Arago-Fresnel laws and the Poisson-Arago spot. This approach is based on the equation of the trajectory associated with the quantum probability current density in the case of massive particles, and the Poynting vector for the electromagnetic field in the case of photons. Both the form and properties of the evaluated photon trajectories are in good agreement with the averaged trajectories of single photons observed recently in Young's experiment by Steinberg's group at the University of Toronto. In the case of the Arago-Fresnel laws for polarized light, the trajectory interpretation presented here differs from those interpretations based on the concept of "which-way" (or "which-slit") information and quantum erasure. More specifically, the observer's information about the slit that photons went through is not relevant to the existence of interference; what is relevant is the form of the electromagnetic energy density and its evolution, which will model consequently the distribution of trajectories and their topology. Finally, we also show that the distributions of end points of a large number of evaluated photon trajectories are in agreement with the distributions measured at the screen behind a circular disc, clearly giving rise to the Poisson-Arago spot.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Update of Short-Baseline Electron Neutrino and Antineutrino Disappearance
Creators: name: Giunti, C.
name: Laveder, M.
name: Li, Y. F.
name: Liu, Q. Y.
name: Long, H. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a complete update of the analysis of electron neutrino and antineutrino disappearance experiments in terms of neutrino oscillations in the framework of 3+1 neutrino mixing, taking into account the Gallium anomaly, the reactor anomaly, solar neutrino data and nu_e-C scattering data. We discuss the implications of a recent 71Ga(3He,3H)71Ge measurement which give information on the neutrino cross section in Gallium experiments. We discuss the solar bound on active-sterile mixing and present our numerical results. We discuss the connection between the results of the fit of neutrino oscillation data and the heavy neutrino mass effects in beta-decay experiments (considering new Mainz data) and neutrinoless double-beta decay experiments (considering the recent EXO results).
description: 15 pages. Final version published in Phys.Rev. D86 (2012) 113014
What is a chemical? Graphical Representation
Creators: name: Goodman, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Webinar, FAIR, Cheminformatics, Chemical Data

description: This is a flash presentation highlighting working with Graphical Representation. It was presented at the “The IUPAC WorldFAIR Chemistry Webinar “What is a chemical? – User Perspectives on Digital Machine-Readable Depictions”. The event was held on Dec 08, 2022, 11-12:30 pm EST. The recording of the full webinar will be available soon. *WorldFAIR “Global cooperation on FAIR data policy and practice” is funded by the EC HORIZON-WIDERA-2021-ERA-01-41 Coordination and Support Action under Grant Agreement No. 101058393.
ICA-2023
Creators: name: Waldherr, Annie
name: Metzler, Hannah
name: Shetty, Apeksha
name: Koschmieder, Corinna
name: Lühring, Jula
name: Garcia, David
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2022

description: This is the version submitted to and presented at the Meeting of the International Communication Association 2023 in Toronto.
Regularity of weak solutions to rate-independent systems in one-dimension
Creators: name: Minh, Mach Nguyet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49N60

description: We show that under some appropriate assumptions, every weak solution (e.g. energetic solution) to a given rate-independent system is of class SBV, or has finite jumps, or is even piecewise $C^1$. Our assumption is essentially imposed on the energy functional, but not convexity is required.
Predator confusion is sufficient to evolve swarming behavior
Creators: name: Olson, Randal S.
name: Hintze, Arend
name: Dyer, Fred C.
name: Knoester, David B.
name: Adami, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Swarming behaviors in animals have been extensively studied due to their implications for the evolution of cooperation, social cognition, and predator-prey dynamics. An important goal of these studies is discerning which evolutionary pressures favor the formation of swarms. One hypothesis is that swarms arise because the presence of multiple moving prey in swarms causes confusion for attacking predators, but it remains unclear how important this selective force is. Using an evolutionary model of a predator-prey system, we show that predator confusion provides a sufficient selection pressure to evolve swarming behavior in prey. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the evolutionary effect of predator confusion on prey could in turn exert pressure on the structure of the predator's visual field, favoring the frontally oriented, high-resolution visual systems commonly observed in predators that feed on swarming animals. Finally, we provide evidence that when prey evolve swarming in response to predator confusion, there is a change in the shape of the functional response curve describing the predator's consumption rate as prey density increases. Thus, we show that a relatively simple perceptual constraint--predator confusion--could have pervasive evolutionary effects on prey behavior, predator sensory mechanisms, and the ecological interactions between predators and prey.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures. Supplementary information (including video files S1 and S5) in ancillary material. Videos S2-S4 are available from the authors upon request
Learning analytics: a dark continent? Open educational resource for the Digitel project
Creators: name: Raffaghelli, Juliana Elisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: learning analytics

description: This is a teaching resource adopted at the DIGITEL PRO project, in the context of the module "Online learning".The resource is a presentation containing multiple links to external materials, and addresses the student's reflection and further self-paced learning activity.
Perpendicular momentum injection by lower hybrid wave in a tokamak
Creators: name: Lee, Jungpyo
name: Parra, Felix I.
name: Parker, Ron R.
name: Bonoli, Paul T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The injection of lower hybrid waves for current drive into a tokamak affects the profile of intrinsic rotation. In this article, the momentum deposition by the lower hybrid wave on the electrons is studied. Due to the increase in the poloidal momentum of the wave as it propagates into the tokamak, the parallel momentum of the wave increases considerably. The change of the perpendicular momentum of the wave is such that the toroidal angular momentum of the wave is conserved. If the perpendicular momentum transfer via electron Landau damping is ignored, the transfer of the toroidal angular momentum to the plasma will be larger than the injected toroidal angular momentum. A proper quasilinear treatment proves that both perpendicular and parallel momentum are transferred to the electrons. The toroidal angular momentum of the electrons is then transferred to the ions via different mechanisms for the parallel and perpendicular momentum. The perpendicular momentum is transferred to ions through an outward radial electron pinch, while the parallel momentum is transferred through collisions.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
title:   Densification of Hemp Floral Biomass Pre and Post-Extraction
title: Determination of Pellet Physical Characteristics
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Lopez, Gary
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: The production of cannabidiol (CBD) from the floral material of Cannabis sativa L.is of great interest to the hemp industry. The low bulk density oh hemp floral material presents challenges in terms of storage and handling. To improve handling and storage characteristics, both intact (pre-extraction) and supercritical CO2 extracted hemp floral materials were pelletized. Intact floral material (BaOx) was passed through a hammer mill with a 5 mm screen; while, extracted floral material (Hawaiian Haze) was ball milled through a 60 mesh (250 microns) prior to extraction. Pelletization was conducted using a 3.7 kW pilot scale flat ring pellet mill. Prior to pelletization the floral material was condition to 10, 15, and 20% moisture content (MC). Across all initial MC, extracted floral pellets significantly increased pellet durability by 3%, elevated pellet yield by 4%, and increased bulk density by 14% when compared to intact floral pellets. However, extracted floral pellets required 3.6-fold more kWh/Mg of pellets produced and generated pellets at a 75% decreased rate when compared to intact floral material. The most desirable pellets were those made from the extracted material with 10% MC and the intact material with 15% MC.
description: © 2023 Gary Lopez
Gluing pseudo functors via $n$-fold categories
Creators: name: Zheng, Weizhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D05

description: Gluing of two pseudo functors has been studied by Deligne, Ayoub, and others in the construction of extraordinary direct image functors in étale cohomology, stable homotopy, and mixed motives of schemes. In this article, we study more generally the gluing of finitely many pseudo functors. Given pseudo functors $F_i\colon \mathcal{A}_i\to \mathcal{D}$ defined on sub-$2$-categories $\mathcal{A}_i$ of a $2$-category $\mathcal{C}$, we are concerned with the problem of finding pseudo functors $\mathcal{C}\to \mathcal{D}$ extending $F_i$ up to pseudo natural equivalences. With the help of $n$-fold categories, we organize gluing data for $n$ pseudo functors into $2$-categories. We establish general criteria for equivalence between such $2$-categories for $n$ pseudo functors and for $n-1$ pseudo functors, which can be applied inductively to the gluing problem. Results of this article are used in arXiv:1006.3810 to construct extraordinary direct image functors in étale cohomology of Deligne-Mumford stacks.
description: 61 pages. This is an updated version of the appendix to arXiv:1006.3810v1. v6: DOI; v5: minor changes; v4: various improvements including change of notation and terminology suggested by the referee; v2: appendix in v1 removed
Paläogenetik - Methodik und Ziele eines neuen naturwissenschaftlichen Forschungsansatzes in der Archäologie
Creators: name: Scholz, Michael
name: Pusch, Carsten M.
Publisher: name: Fundberichte aus Baden-Württemberg
Year: 2019

description: Fundberichte aus Baden-Württemberg, Bd. 23 (1999): Fundberichte aus Baden-Württemberg
Solving the Noether procedure for cubic interactions of higher spins in (A)dS
Creators: name: Joung, Euihun
name: Lopez, Luca
name: Taronna, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Noether procedure represents a perturbative scheme to construct all possible consistent interactions starting from a given free theory. In this note we describe how cubic interactions involving higher spins in any constant-curvature background can be systematically derived within this framework.
description: 17 pages, LaTex. Invited contribution to the J. Phys. A special volume on "Higher Spin Theories and AdS/CFT" edited by M. Gaberdiel and M. A. Vasiliev. Final version to appear in J. Phys. A
Ch.-O. Carbonell, D. Biloghi, J. Limouzin, F. Rousseau, J. Schulz, Une histoire européenne de l'Europe. D'une Renaissance à l'autre (XVe–XXe siècles), 1999
Creators: name: Black, J.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 28 Nr. 2 (2001)
On Lusztig's map for spherical unipotent conjugacy classes
Creators: name: Carnovale, Giovanna
name: Costantini, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G15 (Primary) 20E45, 20F55

description: We provide an alternative description of the restriction to spherical unipotent conjugacy classes, of Lusztig's map Psi from the set of unipotent conjugacy classes in a connected reductive algebraic group to the set of conjugacy classes of its Weyl group. For irreducible root systems, we analyze the image of this restricted map and we prove that a conjugacy class in a finite Weyl group has a unique maximal length element if and only if it has a maximum.
description: Refereed version, one reference added. The final version will appear in the Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society
Constant term identities and Poincare polynomials
Creators: name: Karolyi, Gyula
name: Lascoux, Alain
name: Warnaar, S. Ole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A19, 05E05, 17B22, 20F55

description: In 1982 Macdonald published his now famous constant term conjectures for classical root systems. This paper begins with the almost trivial observation that Macdonald's constant term identities admit an extra set of free parameters, thereby linking them to Poincare polynomials. We then exploit these extra degrees of freedom in the case of type A to give the first proof of Kadell's orthogonality conjecture---a symmetric function generalisation of the q-Dyson conjecture or Zeilberger-Bressoud theorem. Key ingredients in our proof of Kadell's orthogonality conjecture are the polynomial lemma of Karasev and Petrov, the scalar product for Demazure characters and (0,1)-matrices.
description: 27 pages. As new application of our main theorem we prove Sills' constant term conjecture (proved previously by Lv, Xin and Zhou) related to Stembridge's first layer formulas for SL(n,C). To appear in Transactions of the AMS
title: You tell me what we can do after this : findings and recommendations for the participation of young people with learning disabilities
Creators: name: Wilson, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2016

description: In recent years the participation of children has been highlighted with ever increasing importance, due to a raft of inquiry reports and legislation. In spite of this, and the increasing number of children defined as 'disabled', the participation of children with learning disabilities has been marginalised and is often described as 'tokenistic'. This article reports on a research project which explored the factors which impact on levels of participation, for children and young people with learning disabilities in a residential short breaks setting.
Tail asymptotics of free path lengths for the periodic Lorentz process. On Dettmann's geometric conjectures
Creators: name: Nandori, Peter
name: Szasz, Domokos
name: Varju, Tamas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37D50

description: In the simplest case, consider a $\mathbb{Z}^d$-periodic ($d \geq 3$) arrangement of balls of radii < 1/2, and select a random direction and point (outside the balls). According to Dettmann's first conjecture, the probability that the so determined free flight (until the first hitting of a ball) is larger than $t >>1$ is $\sim \frac{C}{t}$, where $C$ is explicitly given by the geometry of the model. In its simplest form, Dettmann's second conjecture is related to the previous case with tangent balls (of radii 1/2). The conjectures are established in a more general setup: for $\mathcal{L}$-periodic configuration of - possibly intersecting - convex bodies with $\mathcal{L}$ being a non-degenerate lattice. These questions are related to Pólya's visibility problem (1918), to theories of Bourgain-Golse-Wennberg (1998-) and of Marklof-Strömbergsson (2010-). The results also provide the asymptotic covariance of the periodic Lorentz process assuming it has a limit in the super-diffusive scaling, a fact if $d = 2$ and the horizon is infinite.
H. Th. Gräf (Hg.), Söldnerleben am Vorabend des Dreißigjährigen Krieges. Lebenslauf und Kriegstagebuch 1617 des hessischen Obristen Caspar von Widmarckter. Mit Beiträgen von S. Externbrink und R. Pröve, 2000
Creators: name: Corvisier, A.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 28 Nr. 2 (2001)
First-Year Engineering Students’ Strategies for Taking Exams
Creators: name: Kuzilek, Jakub
name: Zdrahal, Zdenek
name: Vaclavek, Jonas
name: Fuglik, Viktor
name: Skocilas, Jan
name: Wolff, Annika
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: First-year students
subject: Markov chains
subject: Exam-taking patterns
subject: Similarity
subject: Retention
subject: 370 Bildung und Erziehung

description: Student drop-out is one of the most critical issues that higher educational institutions face nowadays. The problem is significant for first-year students. These freshmen are especially at risk of failing due to the transition from different educational settings at high school. Thanks to the massive boom of Information and Communication Technologies, universities have started to collect a vast amount of study- and student-related data. Teachers can use the collected information to support students at risk of failing their studies. At the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, the situation is no different, and first-year students are a vulnerable group similar to other institutions. The most critical part of the first year is the first exam period. One of the essential skills the student needs to develop is planning for exams. The presented research aims to explore the exam-taking patterns of first-year students. Data of 361 first-year students have been analysed and used to construct “layered” Markov chain probabilistic graphs. The graphs have revealed interesting behavioural patterns within the groups of successful and unsuccessful students.