cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Enhancing electrochemical intermediate solvation through electrolyte anion selection to increase nonaqueous Li-O$_2$ battery capacity
Creators: name: Burke, Colin M.
name: Pande, Vikram
name: Khetan, Abhishek
name: Viswanathan, Venkatasubramanian
name: McCloskey, Bryan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among the 'beyond Li-ion' battery chemistries, nonaqueous Li-O$_2$ batteries have the highest theoretical specific energy and as a result have attracted significant research attention over the past decade. A critical scientific challenge facing nonaqueous Li-O$_2$ batteries is the electronically insulating nature of the primary discharge product, lithium peroxide, which passivates the battery cathode as it is formed, leading to low ultimate cell capacities. Recently, strategies to enhance solubility to circumvent this issue have been reported, but rely upon electrolyte formulations that further decrease the overall electrochemical stability of the system, thereby deleteriously affecting battery rechargeability. In this study, we report that a significant enhancement (greater than four-fold) in Li-O$_2$ cell capacity is possible by appropriately selecting the salt anion in the electrolyte solution. Using $^7$Li nuclear magnetic resonance and modeling, we confirm that this improvement is a result of enhanced Li$^+$ stability in solution, which in turn induces solubility of the intermediate to Li$_2$O$_2$ formation. Using this strategy, the challenging task of identifying an electrolyte solvent that possesses the anti-correlated properties of high intermediate solubility and solvent stability is alleviated, potentially providing a pathway to develop an electrolyte that affords both high capacity and rechargeability. We believe the model and strategy presented here will be generally useful to enhance Coulombic efficiency in many electrochemical systems (e.g. Li-S batteries) where improving intermediate stability in solution could induce desired mechanisms of product formation.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures and Supporting Information
(103570) Mabel Thorne
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Figure S3 from Conformity bias in the cultural transmission of music sampling traditions
Creators: name: Youngblood, Mason
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Leave-one-out cross validation indicates that the results are robust across tolerance levels (n = 10; ε: 0.005, 0.01, 0.05). Prediction error with ε = 0.005 is 0.0035, ε = 0.01 is 0.0042, and ε = 0.05 is 0.0099. The x-axis is the true parameter values, the y-axis is the estimated parameter values, and the colors correspond to the three tolerance levels.
Finite size effects in the thermodynamics of a free neutral scalar field
Creators: name: Parvan, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact analytical lattice results for the partition function of the free neutral scalar field in one spatial dimension in both the configuration and the momentum space were obtained in the framework of the path integral method. The symmetric square matrices of the bilinear forms on the vector space of fields in both configuration space and momentum space were found explicitly. The exact lattice results for the partition function were generalized to the three-dimensional spatial momentum space and the main thermodynamic quantities were derived both on the lattice and in the continuum limit. The thermodynamic properties and the finite volume corrections to the thermodynamic quantities of the free real scalar field were studied. We found that on the finite lattice the exact lattice results for the free massive neutral scalar field agree with the continuum limit only in the region of small values of temperature and volume. However, at these temperatures and volumes the continuum physical quantities for both massive and massless scalar field deviate essentially from their thermodynamic limit values and recover them only at high temperatures or/and large volumes in the thermodynamic limit.
description: 9 figures, accepted for publication
Effect of temperature on the initial rate of reaction between Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) and Green garlic (Allium porrum) on hydrogen peroxide decomposition
Creators: name: Singh, Mihir
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biochemistry and cell biology not elsewhere classified

description: Effect of temperature on the initial rate of reaction between Horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) and Green garlic (Allium porrum) on hydrogen peroxide decomposition
Supplementary Material from On the origin of degeneracy in the genetic code
Creators: name: D. L. Gonzalez
name: S. Giannerini
name: R. Rosa
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The degeneracy of amino acid coding is one of the most crucial and enigmatic aspects of the genetic code. Different theories about the origin of the genetic code have been developed. However, to date, there is no comprehensive hypothesis on the mechanism that might have generated the degeneracy as we observe it. Here, we provide a new theory that explains the origin of the degeneracy based only on symmetry principles. The approach allows to describe exactly the degeneracy of the early code (progenitor of the genetic code of LUCA, the last universal common ancestor) which is hypothesized to have the same degeneracy of the present vertebrate mitochondrial genetic code. The theory is based upon the tessera code, that fits as the progenitor of the early code. Moreover, we describe in detail the possible evolutionary transitions implied by our theory. The approach is supported by a unified mathematical framework that accounts for the degeneracy properties of both nuclear and mitochondrial genetic codes. Our work provides a new perspective to the understanding of the origin of the genetic code and the roles of symmetry principles on the organization of genetic information.
What is the probability that a large random matrix has no real eigenvalues?
Creators: name: Kanzieper, Eugene
name: Poplavskyi, Mihail
name: Timm, Carsten
name: Tribe, Roger
name: Zaboronski, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60B20

description: We study the large-$n$ limit of the probability $p_{2n,2k}$ that a random $2n\times 2n$ matrix sampled from the real Ginibre ensemble has $2k$ real eigenvalues. We prove that, $$\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty}\frac {1}{\sqrt{2n}} \log p_{2n,2k}=\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty}\frac {1}{\sqrt{2n}} \log p_{2n,0}= -\frac{1}{\sqrt{2π}}ζ\left(\frac{3}{2}\right),$$ where $ζ$ is the Riemann zeta-function. Moreover, for any sequence of non-negative integers $(k_n)_{n\geq 1}$, $$\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty}\frac {1}{\sqrt{2n}} \log p_{2n,2k_n}=-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2π}}ζ\left(\frac{3}{2}\right),$$ provided $\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \left(n^{-1/2}\log(n)\right) k_{n}=0$.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure
(103571) Valentine Pryor Powell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Practice guide: Setting up your systematic search strategy
Creators: name: Cruz-Martínez, Roberto Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Information literacy
Systematic literature search
Systematic literature reviews
SLR

description: Searching systematically is an iterative process. The present guide aims to facilitate that process by prompting you to consider key elements and record your decisions at every step. For example, by creating a problem statement or identifying the key concepts of your search strategy. It also includes a search log, which can help you document your search strings and their success in order to arrive at a final, effective search strategy. Below are the recommended steps covered in this guide: Write down your problem statement Define your research goal and research question(s) Identify the key concepts Find relevant search terms for each key concept (synonyms, narrower and broader terms) Determine criteria to evaluate the (preliminary) results of your search Identify relevant sources for your search strategy Perform and keep track of your findings in a search log Additionally, the use of this practice guide can also help you with the following practices: Evaluate your search strategy based on the preliminary search results (key concepts, etc.) Use the search log to keep track of changes to your search strategy until you are satisfied with it Use everything you documented in this guide to write your final report (when applicable) The points above are only basic and general recommendations. Keep in mind that, depending on the research, some steps might be less important or not necessary at all. For instance, there are research questions that cannot be answered through a (systematic) literature search. You can also conduct systematic search strategies on your own, whenever you are looking to dive into a specific topic of interest, without the need to have concrete problems or question(s) in mind. All in all, it is important that you use this practice guide in a way that truly supports your own learning, project, or research needs.
War and Peace: Possible Approaches to Reducing Intergroup Conflict
Creators: name: Cohen, Taya R.
name: Insko, Chester A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: We discuss four potential ways to reduce conflict between groups: consideration of future consequences, independent leadership, outgroup empathy, and coordination. We review relevant empirical findings for each method and discuss how each can be used to promote intergroup cooperation.
Figure S2 from Conformity bias in the cultural transmission of music sampling traditions
Creators: name: Youngblood, Mason
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A goodness-of-fit test for the rejection form of ABC (n = 1000; ε = 0.01) indicates that the model is a good fit for the data (p = 0.47). The x-axis corresponds to the Euclidean distance between the simulated and observed summary statistics for each iteration, and the y-axis is the number of iterations with each range of distances.
Supplementary Materials from Microbial biomarkers as indicators of sperm viability in an insect.
Creators: name: McNamara, Kathryn B
name: Dungan, Ashley M
name: Blackall, Linda L.
name: Simmons, Leigh William
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary figures (S1-3) and Tables (S1-2)
Ultralong-Range Rydberg Molecules in a Divalent-Atomic System
Creators: name: DeSalvo, B. J.
name: Aman, J. A.
name: Dunning, F. B.
name: Killian, T. C.
name: Sadeghpour, H. R.
name: Yoshida, S.
name: Burgdörfer, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the creation of ultralong-range Sr$_2$ molecules comprising one ground-state $5s^2$ $^1S_0$ atom and one atom in a $5sns$ $^3S_1$ Rydberg state for $n$ ranging from 29 to 36. Molecules are created in a trapped ultracold atomic gas using two-photon excitation near resonant with the $5s5p$ $^3P_1$ intermediate state, and their formation is detected through ground-state atom loss from the trap. The observed molecular binding energies are fit with the aid of first-order perturbation theory that utilizes a Fermi pseudopotential with effective $s$-wave and $p$-wave scattering lengths to describe the interaction between an excited Rydberg electron and a ground-state Sr atom.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION OF VITRIMER–MWCNT COMPOSITE MATERIAL USING NEAR–INFRARED LIGHT FOR FAST CURING
Creators: name: Otero, Anthony
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2022

description: Epoxy is heavily used today in home goods and in the industries, but most epoxy material derives from toxic non-renewable petroleum feedstocks. Epoxy has a high crosslinked density giving it its remarkable mechanical properties but also making the material unrecyclable. After service life, epoxy is completely replaced, leaving landfills filled with non-recyclable, non-biodegradable plastic. There is a current movement to go “green”, but the existing industries is relying on traditional methods to manufacture materials derived from the non-renewable feedstocks. To address the dilemma, the aim of this thesis is to push the idea of replacing the industrial use of thermoset epoxy with a novel material coined “vitrimer” plastic that has the same mechanical properties as epoxy but can be recycled and reprocessed extend service life. Vitrimer’s have associative covalent adaptable networks (CANs) which allow the topology of a vitrimer to break bonds and create new ones, repairing the material without damaging the integrity and mechanical properties. This project expands epoxy vitrimer composite material research by introducing multi-walled carbon nano tubes (MWCNTs) as a filler and to utilizev
description: CNT’s photothermal effect. CNTs photothermal effect can efficiently convert Near Infrared light into heat, and this same heat can be used to initially cure the epoxy vitrimer, and it can also be utilized to activate the materials repairing abilities.
description: (1) An Epoxy-Vitrimer/MWCNT system is used as an adhesive that utilizes the MWCNTs photothermal effect to convert NIR light to heat and to cure the surrounding matrix. An NIR lamp will be utilized for fast curing. Lap Joint samples are fabricated, and the adhesive strength will be tested. Afterword, the adhesives photothermal effect and healing ability is demonstrated by debonding and re-bonding the lap joint.
description: (2) The Epoxy-Vitrimer/MWCNT system will be used as an ink along with a Two-Pump Direct Ink Writing (DIW) printing system to create intricate parts. A NIR lamp is utilized to cure the printed objects quickly. The Two-Pump DIW Printer contains a static mixer at the dispensing nozzle and will mix an epoxy resin/CNT solution with the hardening agent on the spot to increase the shelf life of the ink.
Fine-tuning and the infrared bull’s-eye
Creators: name: Roberts, John T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: I argue that the standard way of formalizing the fine-tuning argument for design is flawed, and I present an alternative formalization. On the alternative formalization, the existence of life is not treated as the evidence that confirms design; instead it is treated as part of the background knowledge, while the fact that fine tuning is required for life serves as the evidence. I argue that the alternative better captures the informal line of thought that gives the fine-tuning argument its intuitive plausibility, and I show that the alternative formalization avoids all of the most prominent objections to the fine-tuning argument, including the objection from observation selection effects, the problem of old evidence, the problem of non-normalizable probability measures and a further objection due to Monton. I conclude that the alternative formalization is the one that attention should be focused on.
Figure S5 from Conformity bias in the cultural transmission of music sampling traditions.
Creators: name: Youngblood, Mason
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The ten most important variables for the classification ability of the random forest. The x-axis is variable importance calculated using the Gini impurity method, and the y-axis is the top ten variables in descending order. The top variable was mean diversity (D̄), followed by the first LDA axis (LD1), the exponent of the turn-over function (x), and the second LDA axis (LD2). The following six variables correspond to diversity in particular years or turn-over rates for specific top-lists.
Power-free values of binary forms and the global determinant method
Creators: name: Xiao, Stanley Yao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give an improved estimate for the density of $k$-free values of integral binary forms with no fixed $k$-th power divisor. Further, we give the corresponding improvement to a theorem of Stewart and Top on the number of power-free values in an interval that may be assumed by a binary form. The approach we use involves a generalization of the global determinant method of Salberger.
description: 45 pages; final accepted version
(103573) William Theodore Alwyn Jenkins
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Table S2 from Brain Shapes of Large-Bodied, Flightless Ratites (Aves: Palaeognathae) Emerge Through Distinct Developmental Allometries
Creators: name: Forcellati, Meghan Rose
name: Watanabe, Akinobu
name: Green, Todd L
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified

description: Table S2 List of discrete landmarks. ncurve and nsurface denote number of curve and surface semi-landmarks, respectively, used to characterize the shape of the regions.
Figure S4 from Conformity bias in the cultural transmission of music sampling traditions.
Creators: name: Youngblood, Mason
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The out-of-bag error computed from an increasing number of trees from the random forest. The x-axis is the number of trees for which the out-of-bag error, shown on the y-axis, was computed.
(103568) Arthur Jenkins
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A hard look at moral perception
Creators: name: Faraci, David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: This paper concerns what I take to be the primary epistemological motivation for defending moral perception. Offering a plausible account of how we gain moral knowledge is one of the central challenges of metaethics. It seems moral perception might help us meet this challenge. The possibility that we know about the instantiation of moral properties in something like the way we know that there is a bus passing in front of us raises the alluring prospect of subsuming moral epistemology under the (relatively) comfortable umbrella of perceptual or, more broadly, empirical knowledge. The good news on this front is that various combinations of metaethical positions and theories of perception arguably have the potential to vindicate moral perception (though I won’t do much to defend this claim here). The bad news, I’ll argue, is that such vindication is only half the battle where this epistemological goal is concerned. And the other half of the battle is unlikely to be won.
Algorithmic Lattice Kirigami: A Route to Pluripotent Materials
Creators: name: Sussman, Daniel M.
name: Cho, Yigil
name: Castle, Toen
name: Gong, Xingting
name: Jung, Euiyeon
name: Yang, Shu
name: Kamien, Randall D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a regular arrangement of kirigami elements to demonstrate an inverse design paradigm for folding a flat surface into complex target configurations. We first present a scheme using arrays of disclination defect pairs on the dual to the honeycomb lattice; by arranging these defect pairs properly with respect to each other and choosing an appropriate fold pattern a target stepped surface can be designed. We then present a more general method that specifies a fixed lattice of kirigami cuts to be performed on a flat sheet. This single "pluripotent" lattice of cuts permits a wide variety of target surfaces to be programmed into the sheet by changing the folding directions.
description: 9 pages, whole megillah
(103565) Edith Mary Crabtree
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary Material from Simplifying perovskite solar cell fabrication for materials testing: How to use unetched substrates with the aid of a 3D printed cell holder
Creators: name: Valdez García, Joaquín
name: Hadadian, Mahboubeh
name: Nizamov, Rustem
name: Mäkinen, Paavo
name: Lamminen, Noora
name: Vivo, Paola
name: Miettunen, Kati
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 340399
subject: Macromolecular and materials chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary material.pdf
Figure S5 from Conformity bias in the cultural transmission of music sampling traditions
Creators: name: Youngblood, Mason
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The ten most important variables for the classification ability of the random forest. The x-axis is variable importance calculated using the Gini impurity method, and the y-axis is the top ten variables in descending order. The top variable was mean diversity (D̄), followed by the first LDA axis (LD1), the exponent of the turn-over function (x), and the second LDA axis (LD2). The following six variables correspond to diversity in particular years or turn-over rates for specific top-lists.
Special functions, conformal blocks, Bethe ansatz and SL(3, Z)
Creators: name: Felder, G.
name: Varchenko, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: This is the talk of the second author at the meeting ”Topological Methods in Physical Sciences”, London, November 2000. We review our work on KZB equations.
Figure S4 from Conformity bias in the cultural transmission of music sampling traditions
Creators: name: Youngblood, Mason
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The out-of-bag error computed from an increasing number of trees from the random forest. The x-axis is the number of trees for which the out-of-bag error, shown on the y-axis, was computed.
Supplementary Figures and Tables from Sensory gaze stabilization in echolocating bats.
Creators: name: O. Eitan
name: G. Kosa
name: Y. Yovel
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Sensing from a moving platform is challenging for both man-made machines and animals. Animals' heads jitter during movement, so if the sensors they carry are not stabilized, any spatial estimation might be biased. Flying animals, like bats, seriously suffer from this problem because flapping flight induces rapid changes in acceleration which moves the body up and down. For echolocating bats, the problem is crucial. Because they emit a sound to sense the world, an unstable head means sound energy pointed in the wrong direction. It is unknown how bats mitigate this problem. By tracking the head and body of flying fruit bats, we show that they stabilize their heads, accurately maintaining a fixed acoustic-gaze relative to a target. Bats can solve the stabilization task even in complete darkness using only echo-based information. Moreover, the bats point their echolocation beam below the target and not towards it, a strategy that should result in better estimations of target elevation.
Dust and gas emission from cometary nuclei: the case of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Creators: name: Kramer, Tobias
name: Noack, Matthias
name: Baum, Daniel
name: Hege, Hans-Christian
name: Heller, Eric J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Comets display with decreasing solar distance an increased emission of gas and dust particles, leading to the formation of the coma and tail. Spacecraft missions provide insight in the temporal and spatial variations of the dust and gas sources located on the cometary nucleus. For the case of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P/C-G), the long-term observations from the Rosetta mission point to a homogeneous dust emission across the entire illuminated surface. Despite the homogeneous initial distribution, a collimation in jet-like structures becomes visible. We propose that this observation is linked directly to the complex shape of the nucleus and projects concave topographical features into the dust coma. To test this hypothesis, we put forward a gas-dust description of 67P/C-G, where gravitational and gas forces are accurately determined from the surface mesh and the rotation of the nucleus is fully incorporated. The emerging jet-like structures persist for a wide range of gas-dust interactions and show a dust velocity dependent bending.
description: 17 pages, with 7 figures. To appear in Advances in Physics X (2018)
Supplementary Material from A New Understanding of Coronary Curvature and Haemodynamic Impact on the Course of Plaque Onset and Progression
Creators: name: Zhang, Mingzi
name: Gharleghi, Ramtin
name: Shen, Chi
name: Beier, Susann
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 400399
subject: Biomedical engineering not elsewhere classified

description: RSOS_Supplements.docx
(103566) Ernest Henry
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Anthropogenic activities influence the mobilization of trace metals and oxyanions in coastal sediment porewaters
Creators: name: Mingyue Luo
name: Chunyang Zhou
name: Tianhui Ma
name: Guo, Wei
name: Percival, Lawrence
name: Baeyens, Willy
name: Gao, Yue
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Supporting information for: Anthropogenic activities influence the mobilization of trace metals and oxyanions in coastal sediment porewaters.
Faith in Humanity
Creators: name: Preston-Roedder, Ryan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Many of the people we regard as moral exemplars have profound faith in people’s decency: When segregationists bombed a black church in Birmingham, Alabama, killing four little girls, Martin Luther King, Jr. insisted that “somehow we must believe that the most misguided among them can learn to respect the dignity and worth of all human personality”. Returning to his work in psycho-therapy after spending two and a half years in Nazi concentration camps, Viktor Frankl adopted as a guiding principle the view that “if we treat people as if they were what they ought to be, we help them become what they are capable of becoming”. During his campaign to secure civil rights for Indians living in South Africa, and later to secure independence for India, Gandhi urged his fol-lowers to treat as “an article of faith” the view that there is “no one so fallen” that he cannot be “converted by love”.
Supplementary Material from Usage frequency and lexical class determine the evolution of kinship terms in Indo-European.
Creators: name: Rácz, Péter
name: Passmore, Sam
name: Sheard, Catherine
name: Jordan, Fiona M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: This is a compiled pdf of the main supplementary material file hosted with the data in our paper repository
Supplementary Figures and Tables from Sensory gaze stabilization in echolocating bats
Creators: name: O. Eitan
name: G. Kosa
name: Y. Yovel
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Sensing from a moving platform is challenging for both man-made machines and animals. Animals' heads jitter during movement, so if the sensors they carry are not stabilized, any spatial estimation might be biased. Flying animals, like bats, seriously suffer from this problem because flapping flight induces rapid changes in acceleration which moves the body up and down. For echolocating bats, the problem is crucial. Because they emit a sound to sense the world, an unstable head means sound energy pointed in the wrong direction. It is unknown how bats mitigate this problem. By tracking the head and body of flying fruit bats, we show that they stable their heads, accurately maintaining a fixed acoustic-gaze relative to a target. Bats can solve the stabilization task even in complete darkness using only echo-based information. Moreover, the bats pointed their echolocation beam below the target and not towards it, a strategy that should result in better estimations of target elevation.
On Limits of Dense Packing of Equal Spheres in a Cube
Creators: name: Tatarevic, Milos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C17, 05B40

description: We examine packing of $n$ congruent spheres in a cube when $n$ is close but less than the number of spheres in a regular cubic close-packed (ccp) arrangement of $\lceil p^{3}/2\rceil$ spheres. For this family of packings, the previous best-known arrangements were usually derived from a ccp by omission of a certain number of spheres without changing the initial structure. In this paper, we show that better arrangements exist for all $n\leq\lceil p^{3}/2\rceil-2$. We introduce an optimization method to reveal improvements of these packings, and present many new improvements for $n\leq4629$.
A family of measures on symmetric groups and the field with one element
Creators: name: Lagarias, Jeffrey C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For each positive integer n this paper considers a one-parameter family of complex-valued measures on the symmetric group S_n, depending on a complex parameter z. For parameter values z=p^f a prime power, this measure describes splitting probabilities for monic degree n polynomials over the finite field with p^f elements, conditioned on being square-free. It studies these measure in the special case z=1, and shows they have an interesting internal structure having a representation theoretic interpretation. These measures may provide data relevant to the hypothetical "field with one element ${\mathbb F_1}$". It additionally studies the case z=-1, which also has a representation-theoretic interpretation
description: 30 pages
Ferminoic Casimir effect between spheres
Creators: name: Teo, L. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Casimir interaction between two spheres corresponding to massless Dirac fields with MIT-bag boundary conditions. Using operator approach, we derive the TGTG-formula for the Casimir interaction energy between the two spheres. A byproduct is the explicit formula for the translation matrix that relates the fermionic spherical waves in different coordinate systems. In the large separation limit, it is found that the order of the Casimir interaction energy is $L^{-5}$, where $L$ is the separation between the centers of the spheres. This order is intermediate between that of two Dirichlet spheres (of order $L^{-3}$) and two Neumann spheres (of order $L^{-7}$). In the small separation limit, we derive analytically the asymptotic expansion of the Casimir interaction energy up to the next-to-leading order term. The leading term agrees with the proximity force approximation. The result for the next-to-leading order term is compared to the corresponding results for scalar fields and electromagnetic fields.
description: 14 pages
Supplementary Figure S1 from Comparative venom analysis between melanistic and normally-colored phenotypes of the common adder (Vipera berus)
Creators: name: Schulte, Lennart
name: Uhrig, Lilien
name: Eichberg, Johanna
name: Schwartze, Michael
name: Auth, Ingve
name: Schulz, Miriam
name: Lindner, Thomas
name: Hien, Paul
name: Hardes, Kornelia
name: Vilcinskas, Andreas
name: Lüddecke, Tim
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified

description: SDS-PAGE raw image
Supplementary Material from Usage frequency and lexical class determine the evolution of kinship terms in Indo-European
Creators: name: Rácz, Péter
name: Passmore, Sam
name: Sheard, Catherine
name: Jordan, Fiona M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: This is a compiled pdf of the main supplementary material file hosted with the data in our paper repository
On the Synthesis of Mixed-Metal and Mixed-Pnicogen 13-15 Ring Systems
Creators: name: Jones, Leonidas
name: Lube, Michael
name: Wells, Richard
name: White, Peter
name: McPhail, Andrew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Several pathways toward the synthesis of mixed-metal and mixed-pnicogen 13-15 ring systems have been explored. Equilibration reactions have proven successful toward the preparation of the latter compounds while most attempts to prepare mixed-metal compounds have resulted in unexpected and novel 13-15 species. These reactions and their products are discussed.
(103567) Leslie Wallace
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary materials and Figures from Finding the direction of lowest resilience in multivariate complex systems.
Creators: name: Weinans, Els
name: J. Jelle Lever
name: Bathiany, Sebastian
name: Quax, Rick
name: Bascompte, Jordi
name: Nes, Egbert H. Van
name: Scheffer, Marten
name: Leemput, Ingrid A. Van De
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The dynamics of complex systems, such as ecosystems, financial markets and the human brain emerge from the interactions of numerous components. We often lack the knowledge to build reliable models for the behaviour of such network systems. This makes it difficult to predict potential instabilities. We show that one could use the natural fluctuations in multivariate time series to reveal network regions with particularly slow dynamics. The multidimensional slowness points to the direction of minimal resilience, in the sense that simultaneous perturbations on this set of nodes will take longest to recover. We compare an autocorrelation-based method to a variance-based method and compare them for different time-series lengths, data resolution and different noise regimes and show that the autocorrelation-based method is less robust for short time series or time series with a low resolution but more robust for varying noise levels. This novel approach may help to identify unstable regions of multivariate systems, or to distinguish safe from unsafe perturbations.
Supplementary Table S1 from Comparative venom analysis between melanistic and normally-colored phenotypes of the common adder (Vipera berus)
Creators: name: Schulte, Lennart
name: Uhrig, Lilien
name: Eichberg, Johanna
name: Schwartze, Michael
name: Auth, Ingve
name: Schulz, Miriam
name: Lindner, Thomas
name: Hien, Paul
name: Hardes, Kornelia
name: Vilcinskas, Andreas
name: Lüddecke, Tim
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified

description: Normalized raw data of enzymatic activity and cytotoxicity assays
Microscopic Theory for Coupled Atomistic Magnetization and Lattice Dynamics
Creators: name: Fransson, J.
name: Thonig, D.
name: Bessarab, P. F.
name: Bhattacharjee, S .
name: Hellsvik, J.
name: Nordström, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A coupled atomistic spin and lattice dynamics approach is developed which merges the dynamics of these two degrees of freedom into a single set of coupled equations of motion. The underlying microscopic model comprises local exchange interactions between the electron spin and magnetic moment and the local couplings between the electronic charge and lattice displacements. An effective action for the spin and lattice variables is constructed in which the interactions among the spin and lattice components are determined by the underlying electronic structure. In this way, expressions are obtained for the electronically mediated couplings between the spin and lattice degrees of freedom, besides the well known inter-atomic force constants and spin-spin interactions. These former susceptibilities provide an atomistic ab initio description for the coupled spin and lattice dynamics. It is important to notice that this theory is strictly bilinear in the spin and lattice variables and provides a minimal model for the coupled dynamics of these subsystems and that the two subsystems are treated on the same footing. Questions concerning time-reversal and inversion symmetry are rigorously addressed and it is shown how these aspects are absorbed in the tensor structure of the interaction fields. By means of these results regarding the spin-lattice coupling, simple explanations of ionic dimerization in double anti-ferromagnetic materials, as well as, charge density waves induced by a non-uniform spin structure are given. In the final parts, a set of coupled equations of motion for the combined spin and lattice dynamics are constructed, which subsequently can be reduced to a form which is analogous to the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equations for spin dynamics and damped driven mechanical oscillator for the ...
description: 22 pages, including 7 pages of Appendix and references, 6 figures
TOPS September 8 2022 Community Forum
Creators: name: Gebre, Samrawit
name: McGranaghan, Ryan
name: Gentemann, Chelle L.
name: Ivey, Yvonne
name: Hall, Cynthia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: NASA’s Transform to Open Science (TOPS) mission is being designed to support the adoption of open science and broaden participation in science. During the 2023 Year of Open Science TOPS is planning a broad suite of resources, events, and activities. TOPS efforts are built on relationships with a variety of diverse communities. Critical to these relationships is open, candid, and complete two-way communication. This month, we focused into on NASA Science Mission Directorate Divisions: Biological and Physical Sciences and Heliophysics, to learn more about those domain-specific open science activities. We also asked for feedback on related open science activities in the other domains (Astrophysics, Planetary Science and Earth Science) and points where different domains' efforts could benefit and augment one another.
FATE AND TRANSPORT OF SECONDARY NANOSCALE PLASTICS IN THE AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
Creators: name: Zahid, Tahsin Md
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Aggregation kinetics
Emerging contaminant
Fate and transport
Nanoplastic
Polypropylene
Water Quality

description: Plastics products are becoming more popular because of their cheap production cost, highflexibility, and convenience to use. These products end up in the environment as wastes when
description: they are not recycled or managed properly. As a result, natural energy sources, such as sunlight,
description: can degrade them and generate secondary micro and nanoscale plastics. While there are research
description: findings of the fate and transport of nanoplastics using model nanospheres, research on fate of
description: heterogeneous secondary nanoscale plastics that closely resemble the nanoplastics in nature is
description: limited. Moreover, polypropylene (PP) is one of the most widely used plastic types with a low
description: specific gravity. However, fate and transport of polypropylene secondary nanoscale plastics are
description: still unexplored. The first objective of this research is to characterize the polypropylene
description: secondary nanoscale plastics by measuring their hydrodynamic diameter and surface charge by
description: varying different parameters such as pH, ionic strengths, salt types, and natural organic matter
description: (NOM) concentrations. The results show that the surface charge of polypropylene secondary
description: nanoscale plastics increases with pH. The critical coagulation concentration (CCC) was also
description: determined in the presence and absence of NOM. Results show that the CCC values of PP
description: secondary nanoscale plastics for NaCl, MgCl2, and CaCl2 are 500 mM, 35 mM, and 20 mM,
description: respectively, higher than the CCC values of polyethylene (80 mM NaCl, 3 mM MgCl2, 0.1 mM
description: CaCl2) and polystyrene (800 mM NaCl, 25 mM MgCl2, 10 mM CaCl2) nanoplastics. When
description: NOM is present in water, the adsorbed NOM causes steric repulsion and makes the particles
description: more stable. The second objective of the research is to investigate the interactions of PP
description: secondary nanoscale plastics with bare silica and NOM coated surfaces and observe their
description: deposition and remobilization. Results suggest that PP secondary nanoscale plastics are more
description: mobile on silica surfaces than NOM coated surfaces. Their deposition and remobilization are
description: governed by the presence of NOM coated surfaces and divalent cations since they are ubiquitous
description: in nature. This study indicates that significant transport of PP secondary nanoplastics will be
description: possible in natural waters, and destabilization of these nanoplastics will be difficult.