Manota parvula Hippa, Kurina & Sääksjärvi, 2017, sp. n.
Creators: name: Hippa, Heikki
name: Kurina, Olavi
name: Sääksjärvi, Ilari E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Mycetophilidae
Manota
Manota parvula

description: Manota parvula sp. n.
Figs 15 A–D, 16 A–D
Male. Colour. Head brown, face somewhat paler. Antenna including scape and pedicel light brown. Clypeus and mouthparts pale yellowish. Thorax light brown, medial part of scutum and scutellum somewhat darker. Legs entirely yellowish, sometimes apical fifth of hind femur infuscated. Wing with slightly brownish tinge; haltere yellow with brown knob. Abdomen light brown, medial 2/3 of tergites dark brown. All setosity pale, yellowish or brownish, the thicker setae seeming darker than the finer ones. Head. Fourth antennal flagellomere 2.6–2.7 times as long as broad. Palpal segment 3 of maxillary palpus with apicomedial thumb-like extension, with three apically curved sensilla; palpomere 4 with parasegment; palpomere 5 about 1.2–1.3 times longer than palpomere 4. Ten strong postocular setae. Thorax. Anepisternum with 49–55 setae; anterior basalare, preepisternum 2 and laterotergite non-setose; metepisternum with 13–17 setae. Legs. Mid- and hind tibial organs absent. Wing. R1 meeting C within the basal half of the costal margin; the sclerotized part of M2 not extending to the level of the tip of R1; wing length 1.8–1.9 mm. Hypopygium. Figs 15 A–D, 16 A–D: Sternite 9 laterally fused with gonocoxa, the posterior margin transverse, not extending to the middle between the base of gonocoxa and the gonostylus, anterior margin deeply incised medially, the setae similar to the adjacent ventral setae of gonocoxa. Ventral medial margin of gonocoxa simple, anteriorly angled; the posterolateral part not drawn into a remarkable lobe. The ventral setae of gonocoxa unmodified except being posteromedially and laterally somewhat longer. Parastylar lobe probably represented only with one seta at the ventral medial margin of gonocoxa. No paraapodemal lobe identifiable. Dorsal medial margin of gonocoxa simple, posteromedially drawn into a prominent seta-bearing lobe. Otherwise the dorsal setosity of gonocoxa similar to the ventral one, with a couple of longer setae on posterior part. Medially from the dorsal medial margin, on more ventral level with a plate-like lobe bearing one unmodified megaseta. Two juxtagonostylar setae present, one a flattened megaseta, the other similar but with a broad basal lobe, both megasetae arising from a common basal body that is slightly shorter than the megasetae. Gonostylus elongate oval, with unmodified setae on medial and apical margin, with a patch of fine setae ventrally on the basal half and with one a slightly stronger seta arising from a finger-like lobe laterodorsally on the apical half. Aedeagus broad, almost parallel-sided, posteriorly rounded, the apex turned somewhat posteriad. Hypoproct extending posteriorly to the basal part of gonostyli, the number of ventral setae (sternite 10) ca. 30 on each half. Cerci medially separate, unusually broad.
Female. Unknown.
Discussion. Manota parvula is similar to M. iota but can be distinguished in having: 1) a gonostylus with a patch of setae ventrally on the basal half (without ventral setae in M. iota), 2) a U-shaped aedeagus with the apex curved posteriorly (in M. iota the aedeagus is elongate subtriangular with the apex curved ventrally), and 3) the cercus posteriorly broad, subequal to its length (narrow, not more than half of the length of cercus in M. iota). Both species are similar to M. mexicapan, M. planistylus, M. rectolobata and M. intermedia, but can be distinguished by the characters presented by Hippa & Kurina (2013: 118). As in all discussed species, the gonostylus of M. parvula can appear very differently depending on the angle of view and rotation in different mounts. We provide drawings of two specimens to demonstrate how different two good mounts of the same species can look.
Etymology. The name is Latin, parvula, ‘very small’, referring to the small size of the fly.
Types. Holotype. Male, PERU, Department of Loreto, Iquitos area, Mishana, 1–16.xii.1998, Malaise trap B3, I. E. Sääksjärvi et al. leg. (on slide, UNSM). Paratypes. 1 male, same data as holotype except 16.xii.1998 – 1.i.1999, Malaise trap A1 (on slide, ZMUT); 1 male, same data as holotype except 1–16.x.1998, Malaise trap B1 (on slide, IZBE); 4 males, Department of Loreto, Iquitos area, Allpahuayo, [19.iv] – 3.v.2000, Malaise trap E1(5), I. E. Sääksjärvi et al. leg. (on slides, UNSM, ZMUT, IZBE); 2 males, same data as previous except [4]– 18.viii.2000, Malaise trap E1(11) (on slides, UNSM); 1 male, same data as previous except 28.xii.2000 – 16.i.2001, Malaise trap E1(17) (on slide, IZBE); 4 males, same data as previous except [3]– 17.x.2000, Malaise trap G3(14) (on slides, ZMUT, IZBE); 1 male, same data as previous except [6]– 20.v.2000, Malaise trap I1 (6) (on slide, UNSM). Manota pauloides sp. n.
Figs 17 A–C
Male. Colour. Head brown, face yellowish. Antenna including scape and pedicel light brown. Clypeus and mouthparts pale yellowish. Thorax yellowish to light brown, medial part of scutum and scutellum somewhat darker. Legs entirely yellowish. Wing with slightly brownish tinge; haltere yellow with brown knob. Abdomen light brown, medial 2/3 of tergites dark brown. All setosity pale, yellowish or brownish, the thicker setae seeming darker than the finer ones. Head. Fourth antennal flagellomere 2 times as long as broad. Palpal segment 3 of maxillary palpus with apicomedial thumb-like extension, with three apically curved sensilla; palpomere 4 with parasegment; palpomere 5 about 1.1 times longer than palpomere 4. Ten strong postocular setae. Thorax. Anepisternum with 47–48 setae; anterior basalare, preepisternum 2 and laterotergite non-setose; metepisternum with 9–10 setae. Legs. Mid- and hind tibial organs absent. Wing. R1 meeting C within the basal half of the costal margin; the sclerotized part of M2 not extending to the level of the tip of R1; wing length 1.4 mm. Hypopygium. Figs 17 A–C: Sternite 9 laterally fused with gonocoxa, the posterior margin transverse, slightly notched in the middle, not extending beyond the middle of the distance between the anterior margin of gonocoxa and the base of gonostylus, anterior margin with a little, narrow incision medially, the setae similar to the adjacent ventral setae of gonocoxa. Ventral medial margin of gonocoxa simple, with a notch at the base of gonostylus. The gonocoxa drawn into a broad posterolateral lobe that bears long unmodified setae, otherwise the ventral setae of gonocoxa rather short and unmodified. Parastylar lobe membranous, covered by the medial part of gonocoxa, with one seta. No paraapodemal lobe identifiable. Dorsal medial margin of gonocoxa simple but with a small setose lobe posteriorly at the level of the juxtagonostylar setae. Posteriorly from this lobe a short finger-like lobe with 3 long and strong setae, this lobe reminds somewhat of the juxtagonostylar setae. Medially from the dorsal medial margin and on more ventral level two lobes: more anteriorly a large membranous lobe bearing 1 large unmodified megaseta and on the ventral side of this lobe a narrow and more sclerotized lobe bearing 2 or 3 short megasetae. The general setosity similar to the ventral one. Two juxtagonostylar setae present as flattened megasetae with a fine seta-like branch, both arising from a common basal body that is much shorter than the megasetae. Gonostylus elongate subquadrangular, the apicomedial corner drawn into a weak lobe, the apicolateral corner into a longer lobe, the former with a long and a short seta, the latter with a strong seta curved dorsad; no other setae on the gonostylus. Aedeagus subtriangular, the apex curved ventrad. Hypoproct extending posteriorly to the apex of gonostyli, the number of ventral setae (sternite 10) ca. 20 on each half. Cerci medially separate.
Female. Unknown.
Discussion. By the general structure of the hypopygium M. pauloides belongs to a group of four Neotropical species together with M. acuminata, M. paula and M. minutula (see also discussion by Hippa & Kurina 2013: 126). Manota pauloides differs from the other species as follows: 1) the sternite 9 is entirely fused with the gonocoxa and not extending to its middle (posterolaterally free and extending to or well over the middle of gonocoxa in case of other species), 2) in having 1+3 simple megasetae anteriorly from the juxtagonostylar megasetae on the dorsal side of the gonocoxa (different arrangement in other species), 3) anterior lobe porteriorly from the juxtagonostylar megasetae with ca. five normal setae (in M. paula this lobe is submembranous and bare, in M. minutula with one seta, in M. acuminata not identifiable), 4) posterior lobe posteriorly from the juxtagonostylar megasetae has similarly to M. minutula three strong and pointed megasetae (in M. paula a couple of normal setae plus a flattened seta, in M. acuminata two strong megasetae), and 5) the posterolateral lobe of the gonocoxa is similarly to M. acuminata posteriorly widening (parallel sided in case of other two species). By shape and chaetotaxy of the gonostylus, M. pauloides is most similar to M. paula. However, in M. pauloides the elongated apicolateral corner of gonostylus forms at least 1/2 of gonostylus width (about 1/ 5 in M. paula), and in M. pauloides at the apicomedial corner of gonostylus there is one long and strong seta and one weaker seta (one strong seta and about four weaker setae in M. paula).
Etymology. The name is formed from the specific epithet of Manota paula by adding the Latin suffix -oides, ‘resembling’, referring to the close similarity of the two species.
Types. Holotype. Male, PERU, Department of Loreto, Iquitos area, Allpahuayo, 24.iii–17.iv.2000, Malaise trap I2 (4), I. E. Sääksjärvi et al. leg. (on slide, UNSM). Paratypes. 3 males, Department of Loreto, Iquitos area, Mishana, 16.xii.1998 – 1.i.1999, Malaise trap D2, I. E. Sääksjärvi et al. leg. (on slides, UNSM, ZMUT, IZBE); 2 males, same data as previous except 1–16.ix.1998, Malaise trap D1 (on slides, ZMUT, IZBE).
description: Published as part of Hippa, Heikki, Kurina, Olavi & Sääksjärvi, Ilari E., 2017, The genus Manota Williston (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) in Peruvian Amazonia, with description of sixteen new species and notes on local species richness, pp. 1-40 in Zootaxa 4236 (1) on pages 25-28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4236.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/322041