cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A case of entanglement generation between causally disconnected atoms
Creators: name: León, Juan
name: Sabín, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the entanglement generated in a finite time between a pair of space-like separated atoms, one of which emits a photon. As we show to order $e^2$, the origin of entanglement can be traced back to the uncertainty about which one of the atoms emitted the photon. We check this by comparing the time behaviors of the emission processes allowed by energy conservation vs. those forbidden by the same reason. No physical signal propagates between the atoms in the processes considered, however an effective light cone separating non-entangled from entangled regions in space-time emerges from our calculations.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Effect of Drying Temperature on Quality of RD6 Variety Brown Parboiled Glutinous rice
Creators: name: Petcharat Jaiboon
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏเพชรบุรี
Year: 2020
Subjects: Color
Fluidized bed drying
Head brown rice yield
Parboiled glutinous rice

description: วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์แห่งมหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏเพชรบุรี, 17, 1, 01-09
On the Second-order Convergence Properties of Random Search Methods
Creators: name: Lucchi, Aurelien
name: Orvieto, Antonio
name: Solomou, Adamos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the theoretical convergence properties of random-search methods when optimizing non-convex objective functions without having access to derivatives. We prove that standard random-search methods that do not rely on second-order information converge to a second-order stationary point. However, they suffer from an exponential complexity in terms of the input dimension of the problem. In order to address this issue, we propose a novel variant of random search that exploits negative curvature by only relying on function evaluations. We prove that this approach converges to a second-order stationary point at a much faster rate than vanilla methods: namely, the complexity in terms of the number of function evaluations is only linear in the problem dimension. We test our algorithm empirically and find good agreements with our theoretical results.
Zero-range process with long-range interactions at a T-junction
Creators: name: Angel, A. G.
name: Schmittmann, B.
name: Zia, R. K. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalized zero-range process with a limited number of long-range interactions is studied as an example of a transport process in which particles at a T-junction make a choice of which branch to take based on traffic levels on each branch. The system is analysed with a self-consistent mean-field approximation which allows phase diagrams to be constructed. Agreement between the analysis and simulations is found to be very good.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures
A general method of estimating stellar astrophysical parameters from photometry
Creators: name: Belikov, A. N.
name: Roeser, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applying photometric catalogs to the study of the population of the Galaxy is obscured by the impossibility to map directly photometric colors into astrophysical parameters. Most of all-sky catalogs like ASCC or 2MASS are based upon broad-band photometric systems, and the use of broad photometric bands complicates the determination of the astrophysical parameters for individual stars. This paper presents an algorithm for determining stellar astrophysical parameters (effective temperature, gravity and metallicity) from broad-band photometry even in the presence of interstellar reddening. This method suits the combination of narrow bands as well. We applied the method of interval-cluster analysis to finding stellar astrophysical parameters based on the newest Kurucz models calibrated with the use of a compiled catalog of stellar parameters. Our new method of determining astrophysical parameters allows all possible solutions to be located in the effective temperature-gravity-metallicity space for the star and selection of the most probable solution.
description: 14 pages, 20 figures, accepted by A&A
How Dry Are Red Mergers?
Creators: name: Donovan, Jennifer L.
name: Hibbard, J. E.
name: van Gorkom, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The focus of current research in galaxy evolution has increasingly turned to understanding the effect that mergers have on the evolution of systems on the red sequence. For those interactions purported to occur dissipationlessly (so called "dry mergers"), it would appear that the role of gas is minimal. However, if these mergers are not completely dry, then even low levels of gas may be detectable. The purpose of our study is to test whether early type galaxies with HI in or around them, or "wet" ellipticals, would have been selected as dry mergers by the criteria in van Dokkum (2005, AJ, 130, 2647). To that end, we examine a sample of 20 early types from the HI Rogues Gallery with neutral hydrogen in their immediate environs. Of these, the 15 brightest and reddest galaxies match the optical dry merger criteria, but in each case, the presence of HI means that they are not truly dry.
description: 8 pages plus 1 table and 5 figures; accepted for publication in AJ
U(1)' solution to the mu-problem and the proton decay problem in supersymmetry without R-parity
Creators: name: Lee, Hye-Sung
name: Matchev, Konstantin T.
name: Wang, Ting T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is plagued by two major fine-tuning problems: the mu-problem and the proton decay problem. We present a simultaneous solution to both problems within the framework of a U(1)'-extended MSSM (UMSSM), without requiring R-parity conservation. We identify several classes of phenomenologically viable models and provide specific examples of U(1)' charge assignments. Our models generically contain either lepton number violating or baryon number violating renormalizable interactions, whose coexistence is nevertheless automatically forbidden by the new U(1)' gauge symmetry. The U(1)' symmetry also prohibits the potentially dangerous and often ignored higher-dimensional proton decay operators such as QQQL and UUDE which are still allowed by R-parity. Thus, under minimal assumptions, we show that once the mu-problem is solved, the proton is sufficiently stable, even in the presence of a minimum set of exotics fields, as required for anomaly cancellation. Our models provide impetus for pursuing the collider phenomenology of R-parity violation within the UMSSM framework.
description: Version published in Phys. Rev. D
Weighted Secrecy Coverage Analysis and the Impact of Friendly Jamming over UAV-Enabled Networks
Creators: name: Cabezas, X. A. Flores
name: Osorio, D. P. Moya
name: Latva-aho, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In 5G and beyond networks, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are an attractive solution to enhance the secrecy of a wireless systems by exploiting their predominant LOS links and spacial manoeuvrability to introduce a friendly jamming. In this work, we investigate the impact of two cooperative UAV-based jammers on the secrecy performance of a ground wireless wiretap channel by considering secrecy-area related metrics, the jamming coverage and jamming efficiency. Moreover, we propose a hybrid metric, the so-called Weighted Secrecy Coverage (WSC) that can be used as a metric for gaining insights on the optimal deployments of the UAV jammers to provide the best exploration of jamming signals. For evaluating these metrics, we derive a closed-form position-based metric, the secrecy improvement, and propose an analogous computationally simpler metric. Our simulations show that a balanced power allocation between the two UAVs leads to the best performances, as well as a symmetrical positioning behind the line of sight between the legitimate transmitter and receiver. Moreover, there exist an optimal UAV height for the jammers. Finally, we propose a sub-optimal and simpler problem for the maximisation of the WSC.
Synthesis of SUZ-4 Zeolite Membrane Derived from Rice Husk Ash: Study of Physical Properties
Creators: name: Pakkarada Sansuksom
name: Paisan Kongkachaichuy
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen Univeristy
Year: 2010
Subjects: Zeolite SUZ-4, Zeolite Membrane, Polyamine, Spin-coating

description: 4, 37, KKU Engineering Journal
Magnetoconductance of carbon nanotube p-n junctions
Creators: name: Andreev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetoconductance of p-n junctions formed in clean single wall carbon nanotubes is studied in the noninteracting electron approximation and perturbatively in electron-electron interaction, in the geometry where a magnetic field is along the tube axis. For long junctions the low temperature magnetoconductance is anomalously large: the relative change in the conductance becomes of order unity even when the flux through the tube is much smaller than the flux quantum. The magnetoconductance is negative for metallic tubes. For semiconducting and small gap tubes the magnetoconductance is nonmonotonic; positive at small and negative at large fields.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Unsupervised Diffeomorphic Surface Registration and Non-Linear Modelling
Creators: name: Croquet, Balder
name: Christiaens, Daan
name: Weinberg, Seth M.
name: Bronstein, Michael
name: Vandermeulen, Dirk
name: Claes, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Registration is an essential tool in image analysis. Deep learning based alternatives have recently become popular, achieving competitive performance at a faster speed. However, many contemporary techniques are limited to volumetric representations, despite increased popularity of 3D surface and shape data in medical image analysis. We propose a one-step registration model for 3D surfaces that internalises a lower dimensional probabilistic deformation model (PDM) using conditional variational autoencoders (CVAE). The deformations are constrained to be diffeomorphic using an exponentiation layer. The one-step registration model is benchmarked against iterative techniques, trading in a slightly lower performance in terms of shape fit for a higher compactness. We experiment with two distance metrics, Chamfer distance (CD) and Sinkhorn divergence (SD), as specific distance functions for surface data in real-world registration scenarios. The internalised deformation model is benchmarked against linear principal component analysis (PCA) achieving competitive results and improved generalisability from lower dimensions.
Inverse Nodal Problems
Creators: name: Klawonn, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 58J53; 58J50

description: It is shown that nodal sequences determine the underlying manifold up to scaling within classes of rectangles with Dirichlet boundary conditions, separable two dimensional tori, two-dimensional flat Klein bottles and flat tori in two and three dimensions.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
A Formally Verified Configuration for Hardware Security Modules in the Cloud
Creators: name: Focardi, Riccardo
name: Luccio, Flaminia L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hardware Security Modules (HSMs) are trusted machines that perform sensitive operations in critical ecosystems. They are usually required by law in financial and government digital services. The most important feature of an HSM is its ability to store sensitive credentials and cryptographic keys inside a tamper-resistant hardware, so that every operation is done internally through a suitable API, and such sensitive data are never exposed outside the device. HSMs are now conveniently provided in the cloud, meaning that the physical machines are remotely hosted by some provider and customers can access them through a standard API. The property of keeping sensitive data inside the device is even more important in this setting as a vulnerable application might expose the full API to an attacker. Unfortunately, in the last 20+ years a multitude of practical API-level attacks have been found and proved feasible in real devices. The latest version of PKCS#11, the most popular standard API for HSMs, does not address these issues leaving all the flaws possible. In this paper, we propose the first secure HSM configuration that does not require any restriction or modification of the PKCS#11 API and is suitable to cloud HSM solutions, where compliance to the standard API is of paramount importance. The configuration relies on a careful separation of roles among the different HSM users so that known API flaws are not exploitable by any attacker taking control of the application. We prove the correctness of the configuration by providing a formal model in the state-of-the-art Tamarin prover and we show how to implement the configuration in a real cloud HSM solution.
description: To appear at ACM CCS 2021
Towards planning and control in cognitive factories - A generic model including learning effects and knowledge transfer across system entities
Creators: name: Wurster, Marco
name: Exner, Yannick
name: Kaiser, Jan-Philipp
name: Stricker, Nicole
name: Lanza, Gisela
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2021
Subjects: Learning Effects
Cognitive Robots
Digital Twin
Hybrid Production Systems
Disassembly

description: Cognitive abilities allow robots to learn and reason from their environment. The gained knowledge can then be incorporated into the robot’s actions which in turn affect the environment. Therefore, a cognitive robot is no longer a static system that performs actions based on a pre-defined set of rules but a complex entity that dynamically adjusts over time. With this, challenges arise for production systems that need to observe and ideally anticipate the cognitive robot’s behavior. Often, digital twins are employed to test and optimize production control systems. This paper presents a generic approach to characterize, model and simulate learning processes and formalized knowledge in hybrid production systems assuming different station types with learning effects. Thereby, quantitative and qualitative learning processes are mapped including knowledge sharing and transfer across entities. A modular and parameterizable design enables the adjustment to different use cases. Eventually, the model is instantiated as a digital twin of a real production system for product disassembly employing cognitive-autonomous robots among human operators and rigidly automated machines. The model shows great potential to be integrated into test beds for planning and control systems of cognitive factories.
Anisotropic low-temperature piezoresistance in (311)A GaAs two-dimensional holes
Creators: name: Habib, B.
name: Shabani, J.
name: De Poortere, E. P.
name: Shayegan, M.
name: Winkler, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report low-temperature resistance measurements in a modulation-doped, (311)A GaAs two-dimensional hole system as a function of applied in-plane strain. The data reveal a strong but anisotropic piezoresistance whose magnitude depends on the density as well as the direction along which the resistance is measured. At a density of $1.6\times10^{11}$ cm$^{-2}$ and for a strain of about $2\times10^{-4}$ applied along [01$\bar{1}$], e.g., the resistance measured along this direction changes by nearly a factor of two while the resistance change in the [$\bar{2}$33] direction is less than 10% and has the opposite sign. Our accurate energy band calculations indicate a pronounced and anisotropic deformation of the heavy-hole dispersion with strain, qualitatively consistent with the experimental data. The extremely anisotropic magnitude of the piezoresistance, however, lacks a quantitative explanation.
description: 4 pages. Submitted to Applied Physics Letters
Exclusive photoproduction at the Tevatron and LHC within the dipole picture
Creators: name: Motyka, L.
name: Watt, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide predictions for the rapidity distributions of exclusive photoproduced J/psi and Upsilon mesons, and Z^0 bosons, at the Tevatron and LHC. We use the equivalent-photon approximation with the photon-proton cross sections given by the impact parameter dependent dipole saturation model, which has already been shown to give a good description of a wide variety of HERA data. We derive the quark-antiquark light-cone wave functions of timelike neutral electroweak bosons. An essential difference is pointed out between the amplitude for timelike heavy boson photoproduction and the amplitude for deeply virtual Compton scattering.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures. Version published in Phys. Rev. D; corrections made to Table II and Eqs.(A.14,A.15)
Investigation of Dataset Features for Just-in-Time Defect Prediction
Creators: name: Ng, Giuseppe
name: Cheng, Charibeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Just-in-time (JIT) defect prediction refers to the technique of predicting whether a code change is defective. Many contributions have been made in this area through the excellent dataset by Kamei. In this paper, we revisit the dataset and highlight preprocessing difficulties with the dataset and the limitations of the dataset on unsupervised learning. Secondly, we propose certain features in the Kamei dataset that can be used for training models. Lastly, we discuss the limitations of the dataset's features.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, 7 tables
Leptonic color models from Z_8 orbifolded AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Babu, K. S.
name: Kephart, Thomas W.
name: Päs, Heinrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study orbifold compactifications of the type IIB superstring on AdS_5 x S^5/Gamma, where Gamma is the abelian group Z_8, which can lead to non-SUSY three and four family models based on quartification. In particular, we focus on two models, one fully quartified model and one a model with two trinification families and one quartification family, which reduces to the standard model with a minimal leptonic color sector.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Unit cell of graphene on Ru(0001): a 25 x 25 supercell with 1250 carbon atoms
Creators: name: Martoccia, D.
name: Willmott, P. R.
name: Brugger, T.
name: Björck, M.
name: Günther, S.
name: Schlepütz, C. M.
name: Cervellino, A.
name: Pauli, S. A.
name: Patterson, B. D.
name: Marchini, S.
name: Wintterlin, J.
name: Moritz, W.
name: Greber, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of a single layer of graphene on Ru(0001) has been studied using surface x-ray diffraction. A surprising superstructure has been determined, whereby 25 x 25 graphene unit cells lie on 23 x 23 unit cells of Ru. Each supercell contains 2 x 2 crystallographically inequivalent subcells caused by corrugation. Strong intensity oscillations in the superstructure rods demonstrate that the Ru substrate is also significantly corrugated down to several monolayers, and that the bonding between graphene and Ru is strong and cannot be caused by van der Waals bonds. Charge transfer from the Ru substrate to the graphene expands and weakens the C-C bonds, which helps accommodate the in-plane tensile stress. The elucidation of this superstructure provides important information in the potential application of graphene as a template for nanocluster arrays.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, paper submitted to peer reviewed journal
Conformal frequency conversion for arbitrary vectorial structured light
Creators: name: Wu, Hai-Jun
name: Yu, Bing-Shi
name: Zhu, Zhi-Han
name: Gao, Wei
name: Ding, Dong-Sheng
name: Zhou, Zhi-Yuan
name: Hu, Xiao-Peng
name: Rosales-Guzmán, Carmelo
name: Shen, Yijie
name: Shi, Bao-Sen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vectorial structured light with spatially varying amplitude, phase, and polarization is reshaping many areas of modern optics, including nonlinear optics, as diverse parametric processes can be used to explore interactions between such complex vector fields, extending the frontiers of optics to new physical phenomena. However, the most basic nonlinear application, i.e., frequency conversion, still remains challenging for vectorial structured light since parametric processes are polarization dependent, leading to a change in the spatial topological structure of signals. In this work, to break this fundamental limit, we propose a novel conformal frequency conversion scheme that allows to maintain the full spatial structure of vectorial structured light in the conversion; and systematically examine its spatial polarization independence based on non-degenerate sum-frequency generation with type-0 phase matching. This proof-of-principle demonstration paves the way for a wide range of applications requiring conformal frequency conversion, and, particularly, to implement frequency interfaces with multimodal communication channels, high-dimensional quantum states, and polarization-resolved upconversion imaging.
description: 15 pages with 10 figures
Meta-analysis of Uniform Scaling Factors for Harmonic Frequency Calculations
Creators: name: Trujillo, Juan C. Zapata
name: McKemmish, Laura K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vibrational frequency calculations performed under the harmonic approximation are widespread across chemistry. However, it is well-known that the calculated harmonic frequencies tend to systematically overestimate experimental fundamental frequencies; a limitation commonly overcome with multiplicative scaling factors. In practice, multiplicative scaling factors are derived for each individual model chemistry choice (i.e., a level of theory and basis set pair), where performance is judged by, for example, the root-mean square error (RMSE) between the predicted scaled and experimental frequencies. However, despite the overwhelming number of scaling factors reported in the literature and model chemistry approximations available, there is little guidance for users on appropriate model chemistry choices for harmonic frequency calculations. Here, we compile and analyse the data for 1495 scaling factors calculated using 141 levels of theory and 109 basis sets. Our meta-analysis of this data shows that scaling factors and RMSE approach convergence with only hybrid functionals and double-zeta basis sets, with anharmonicity error already dominating model chemistry errors. Noting inconsistent data and the lack of independent testing, we can nevertheless conclude that a minimum error of 25cm-1 -- arising from insufficiently accurate treatment of anharmonicity -- is persistent regardless of the model chemistry choice. Based on the data we compiled and cautioning the need for a future systematic benchmarking study, we recommend wB97X-D/def2-TZVP for most applications and B2PLYP/def2-TZVPD for superior intensity predictions. With a smaller benchmark set, direct comparison strongly prefers wB97X-D/6-31G* to B3LYP/6-31G*.
description: 6 figures, 5 tables, 13 pages
Zoila chathamensis GNSTM
Creators: name: Darragh, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Littorinimorpha
Cypraeidae
Zoila
Zoila chathamensis

description: Zoila chathamensis (Cernohorsky, 1971)
Figures 1H, 5A, D-G, I-K
Bernaya chathamensis Cernohorsky, 1971, p. 117, fig. 13.
Description. Shell of small size for genus (36 mm), solid, somewhat globose to subpyriform, dorsal surface uniformly convex, ventral surface weakly convex, almost flat. Posterior canal narrow, barely projecting, deeply incised; anterior canal very short, deeply incised. Spire not visible. Outer lip with 14– 16 teeth, columella lip with 12–18 teeth. Fossula well developed, smooth, broad, very slightly concave, slightly projecting, bounded by very weak terminal ridge.
Dimensions.
est. = estimated
Type locality. Flowerpot Harbour, Pitt Island, Chatham Islands, New Zealand, Red Bluff Tuff, late Paleocene /early Eocene.
Occurrence and material. Pitt Island, New Zealand: Red Bluff Tuff, Flowerpot Harbour (holotype AMNZ TM-1325), (GNS GS12159, one specimen); Red Bluff Tuff, GS 12173 Rocky side, Tarawhenua Peninsula (GNS TM8792, one specimen).
Remarks. Cernohorsky (1971) assigned his new species to the genus Bernaya, apparently not realising that the fossula of species assigned to that genus has a deep groove at the anterior end. His description of the fossula is quite accurate, but his figure does not show the morphology of the fossula very well, as it was not fully prepared. The holotype is refigured here, but the fossula is not very clear in the illustration (fig. 5I). Another specimen kindly provided by Dr Alan Beu has been more fully prepared and although the aperture is narrow, making photography, difficult the simple nature of the fossula can be seen (fig. 5J). The fossula is somewhat similar to that in Z. viathomsoni n. sp. and Z. decipiens (E.A. Smith, 1880), but is not as concave.
Although much smaller, the overall morphology of this species is somewhat similar to that of Zoila friendii thersites (Gaskoin, 1849). The fossula is relatively shorter and is not as deeply concave as that of the latter species, but is otherwise similar.
description: Published as part of Darragh, Thomas A., 2011, A revision of the Australian fossil species of Zoila (Gastropoda: Cypraeidae), pp. 1-28 in Memoirs of Museum Victoria 68 on page 5, DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2011.68.01, http://zenodo.org/record/10665999
Anomalous phonon behavior in the high temperature shape memory alloy: TiPd:Cr
Creators: name: Shapiro, S. M.
name: Xu, G.
name: Winn, B. L.
name: Schlagel, D. L.
name: Lograsso, T. A.
name: Erwin, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ti50 Pd50-xCrx is a high temperature shape memory alloy with a martensitic transformation temperature strongly dependent on the Cr composition. Prior to the transformation a premartensitic phase is present with an incommensurate modulated cubic lattice with wave vector of q0=(0.22, 0.22, 0). The temperature dependence of the diffuse scattering in the cubic phase is measured as a function temperature for x=6.5, 8.5, and 10 at. %. The lattice dynamics has been studied and reveals anomalous temperature and q-dependence of the [110]-TA2 transverse phonon branch. The phonon linewidth is broad over the entire Brillouin zone and increases with decreasing temperature, contrary to the behavior expected for anharmonicity. No anomaly is observed at q0. The results are compared with first principles calculation of the phonon structure.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures
Search for Gravitational Waves Associated with 39 Gamma-Ray Bursts Using Data from the Second, Third, and Fourth LIGO Runs
Creators: name: LIGO Scientific Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a search for short-duration gravitational-wave bursts associated with 39 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) detected by gamma-ray satellite experiments during LIGO's S2, S3, and S4 science runs. The search involves calculating the crosscorrelation between two interferometer data streams surrounding the GRB trigger time. We search for associated gravitational radiation from single GRBs, and also apply statistical tests to search for a gravitational-wave signature associated with the whole sample. For the sample examined, we find no evidence for the association of gravitational radiation with GRBs, either on a single-GRB basis or on a statistical basis. Simulating gravitational-wave bursts with sine-gaussian waveforms, we set upper limits on the root-sum-square of the gravitational-wave strain amplitude of such waveforms at the times of the GRB triggers. We also demonstrate how a sample of several GRBs can be used collectively to set constraints on population models. The small number of GRBs and the significant change in sensitivity of the detectors over the three runs, however, limits the usefulness of a population study for the S2, S3, and S4 runs. Finally, we discuss prospects for the search sensitivity for the ongoing S5 run, and beyond for the next generation of detectors.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures, 14 tables; minor changes to text and Fig. 2; accepted by Phys. Rev. D
On universal approximation and error bounds for Fourier Neural Operators
Creators: name: Kovachki, Nikola
name: Lanthaler, Samuel
name: Mishra, Siddhartha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Fourier neural operators (FNOs) have recently been proposed as an effective framework for learning operators that map between infinite-dimensional spaces. We prove that FNOs are universal, in the sense that they can approximate any continuous operator to desired accuracy. Moreover, we suggest a mechanism by which FNOs can approximate operators associated with PDEs efficiently. Explicit error bounds are derived to show that the size of the FNO, approximating operators associated with a Darcy type elliptic PDE and with the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations of fluid dynamics, only increases sub (log)-linearly in terms of the reciprocal of the error. Thus, FNOs are shown to efficiently approximate operators arising in a large class of PDEs.
Warm Inflation and its Microphysical Basis
Creators: name: Berera, Arjun
name: Moss, Ian G.
name: Ramos, Rudnei O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The microscopic quantum field theory origins of warm inflation dynamics are reviewed. The warm inflation scenario is first described along with its results, predictions and comparison with the standard cold inflation scenario. The basics of thermal field theory required in the study of warm inflation are discussed. Quantum field theory real time calculations at finite temperature are then presented and the derivation of dissipation and stochastic fluctuations are shown from a general perspective. Specific results are given of dissipation coefficients for a variety of quantum field theory interaction structures relevant to warm inflation, in a form that can readily be used by model builders. Different particle physics models realising warm inflation are presented along with their observational predictions.
description: 34 pages, 8 figures. Invited review article for Reports on Progress in Physics, In Press 2009
Exact Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation for gravitational waves and magnetic field background
Creators: name: Goncalves, Bruno
name: Obukhov, Yuri N.
name: Shapiro, Ilya L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an exact Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation for the Dirac spinor field on the combined background of a gravitational wave and constant uniform magnetic field. By taking the classical limit of the spinor field Hamiltonian we arrive at the equations of motion for the non-relativistic spinning particle. Two different kinds of the gravitational fields are considered and in both cases the effect of the gravitational wave on the spinor field and on the corresponding spinning particle may be enforced by the sufficiently strong magnetic field. This result can be relevant for the astrophysical applications and, in principle, useful for creating the gravitational wave detectors based on atomic physics and precise interferometry.
Concepções Alternativas no Ensino da Física à luz da Filosofia da Ciência
Creators: name: Valadares, Jorge
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1995
Subjects: Concepções erróneas
Educação científica

description: Esta Conferência plenária foi uma das três que fizeram parte do Programa  do 5º Encontro Ibérico para o Ensino da Física que decorreu em Santiago de Compostela de 18 a 23 de Setembro de 1995..
Concepções Alternativas no Ensino da Física à luz da Filosofia da Ciência
Creators: name: Valadares, Jorge
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1995
Subjects: Concepções erróneas
Educação científica

description: Esta Conferência plenária foi uma das três que fizeram parte do Programa  do 5º Encontro Ibérico para o Ensino da Física.

O seu conteúdo é mais completo que o título da Conferência deixa transparecer.

Resultou de mais de 25 anos de Ensino da Física, e de uma longa pesquisa sobre o seu ensino incluindo a que o conferencista fez para escrever a sua tese de doutoramento.
The old metal-poor open cluster ESO 92-SC05: accreted from a dwarf galaxy?
Creators: name: ortolani, S.
name: Bica, E.
name: Barbuy, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of old open clusters outside the solar circle can bring constraints on formation scenarios of the outer disk. In particular, accretion of dwarf galaxies has been proposed as a likely mechanism in the area. We use BVI photometry for determining fundamental parameters of the faint open cluster ESO 92-SC05. Colour-Magnitude Diagrams are compared with Padova isochrones, in order to derive age, reddening and distance. We derive a reddening E(B-V)= 0.17, and an old age of $\sim$6.0 Gyr. It is one of the rare open clusters known to be older than 5 Gyr. A metallicity of Z$\sim$0.004 or [M/H]$\sim$-0.7 is found. The rather low metallicity suggests that this cluster might be the result of an accretion episode of a dwarf galaxy.
description: 11 figures: 1, 2a,b,c, 3a,b, 4a,b, 5, 6, 7 6 pages to compile with mn2e.cls. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, in press
Scaling Laws and Intermittency in Highly Compressible Turbulence
Creators: name: Kritsuk, Alexei G.
name: Padoan, Paolo
name: Wagner, Rick
name: Norman, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use large-scale three-dimensional simulations of supersonic Euler turbulence to study the physics of a highly compressible cascade. Our numerical experiments describe non-magnetized driven turbulent flows with an isothermal equation of state and an rms Mach number of 6. We find that the inertial range velocity scaling deviates strongly from the incompressible Kolmogorov laws. We propose an extension of Kolmogorov's K41 phenomenology that takes into account compressibility by mixing the velocity and density statistics and preserves the K41 scaling of the density-weighted velocity v=rho^{1/3}u. We show that low-order statistics of 'v' are invariant with respect to changes in the Mach number. For instance, at Mach 6 the slope of the power spectrum of 'v' is -1.69 and the third-order structure function of 'v' scales linearly with separation. We directly measure the mass dimension of the "fractal" density distribution in the inertial subrange, D_m=2.4, which is similar to the observed fractal dimension of molecular clouds and agrees well with the cascade phenomenology.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures; in press, AIP Conference Proceedings: "Turbulence and Nonlinear Processes in Astrophysical Plasmas", Waikiki Beach, Hawaii, March 21, 2007
Clustering to the Fewest Clusters Under Intra-Cluster Dissimilarity Constraints
Creators: name: Andersen, Jennie
name: Chardin, Brice
name: Tribak, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces the equiwide clustering problem, where valid partitions must satisfy intra-cluster dissimilarity constraints. Unlike most existing clustering algorithms, equiwide clustering relies neither on density nor on a predefined number of expected classes, but on a dissimilarity threshold. Its main goal is to ensure an upper bound on the error induced by ultimately replacing any object with its cluster representative. Under this constraint, we then primarily focus on minimizing the number of clusters, along with potential sub-objectives. We argue that equiwide clustering is a sound clustering problem, and discuss its relationship with other optimization problems, existing and novel implementations as well as approximation strategies. We review and evaluate suitable clustering algorithms to identify trade-offs between the various practical solutions for this clustering problem.
Jakie korzyści na co dzień można uzyskać, stosując samoobserwację głównych objawów płodności?
Creators: name: Gałęziowska, Edyta
name: Stasiak, Elżbieta
name: Domżał-Drzewicka, Renata
name: Oleszczuk, Jan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006

description: Ann. UMCS Sect. D 2006 vol. 61 supl. 16 nr 2 s. 182-185, bibliogr. sum, [Mylnie wydr. vol. 60].
Muon Identification without Iron
Creators: name: Hauptman, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Muons can be identified with high efficiency and purity and reconstructed with high precision is a detector with a dual readout calorimeter and a dual solenoid to return the flux without iron. We shown CERN test beam data for the calorimeter and calculations for the magnetic fields and the track reconstruction. For isolated tracks, the rejection of pions against muons ranges from $10^3$ at 20 GeV/c to $10^5$ at 300 GeV/c.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures, contributed to lcws07 DESY ILC Workshop May-June 2007
Optimization of the dynamic transition in the continuous coloring problem
Creators: name: Cavaliere, Angelo Giorgio
name: Lesieur, Thibault
name: Ricci-Tersenghi, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Random constraint satisfaction problems can exhibit a phase where the number of constraints per variable $α$ makes the system solvable in theory on the one hand, but also makes the search for a solution hard, meaning that common algorithms such as Monte-Carlo method fail to find a solution. The onset of this hardness is deeply linked to the appearance of a dynamical phase transition where the phase space of the problem breaks into an exponential number of clusters. The exact position of this dynamical phase transition is not universal with respect to the details of the Hamiltonian one chooses to represent a given problem. In this paper, we develop some theoretical tools in order to find a systematic way to build a Hamiltonian that maximizes the dynamic $α_{\rm d}$ threshold. To illustrate our techniques, we will concentrate on the problem of continuous coloring, where one tries to set an angle $x_i \in [0;2π]$ on each node of a network in such a way that no adjacent nodes are closer than some threshold angle $θ$, that is $\cos(x_i - x_j) \leq \cosθ$. This problem can be both seen as a continuous version of the discrete graph coloring problem or as a one-dimensional version of the the Mari-Krzakala-Kurchan (MKK) model. The relevance of this model stems from the fact that continuous constraint satisfaction problems on sparse random graphs remain largely unexplored in statistical physics. We show that for sufficiently small angle $θ$ this model presents a random first order transition and compute the dynamical, condensation and Kesten-Stigum transitions; we also compare the analytical predictions with Monte Carlo simulations for values of $θ= 2π/q$, $q \in \mathbb{N}$. Choosing such values of $q$ allows us to easily compare our results with the renowned problem of discrete coloring.
Prediction of Head Stack Assembly Gram Load Using Finite Element Analysis
Creators: name: Khemakorn Chaloemsri
name: Sujin Bureerat
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen Univeristy
Year: 2010
Subjects: Finite element analysis, Swaging process, Hard disk drive, Contact analysis,Head stack Assembly.

description: 1, 37, KKU Engineering Journal
Temperature and magnetic-field dependence of the quantum corrections to the conductance of a network of quantum dots
Creators: name: Kupferschmidt, Joern N.
name: Brouwer, Piet W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the magnetic-field and temperature dependence of all quantum corrections to the ensemble-averaged conductance of a network of quantum dots. We consider the limit that the dimensionless conductance of the network is large, so that the quantum corrections are small in comparison to the leading, classical contribution to the conductance. For a quantum dot network the conductance and its quantum corrections can be expressed solely in terms of the conductances and form factors of the contacts and the capacitances of the quantum dots. In particular, we calculate the temperature dependence of the weak localization correction and show that it is described by an effective dephasing rate proportional to temperature.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures
Write current optimization for magnetic recording system
Creators: name: Pornchai Pliamsup
name: Pornchai Supnithi
name: Kanawat Senanan
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen Univeristy
Year: 2011
Subjects: write current optimization, write current amplitude, write current overshoot, write current duration,squeeze,BER

description: 3, 38, KKU Engineering Journal
Codes for Cloning data with unchanged estimates of estimable non-linear functions of parameters article
Creators: name: Hussain, Sajid
name: Daniyal, Muhammad
name: Ogundokun, Roseline Oluwaseun
name: Shad, Muhammad Yousaf
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The codes used for the implementation of the article titled Cloning data with unchanged estimates of estimable non-linear functions of parameters
Zoila didymorhyncha Darragh 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Darragh, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Littorinimorpha
Cypraeidae
Zoila
Zoila didymorhyncha

description: Zoila didymorhyncha sp. nov.
Figures 1E, 6A–E, I
Description. Shell solid, small for genus, elongate, subfusiform; base relatively flat, but rounded on either side of aperture. Spire not visible. Posterior canal long, with rounded sides, sunk into massive rounded posterior rostrum formed by extensions of inner and outer lips. Anterior canal long, with rounded sides, sunk into a thick, rather flat rostrum. Aperture somewhat sinuous; outer lip with 10–24 well-developed teeth extending along entire lip; teeth completely obsolete on one specimen. Columella lip with 3–26 well-developed teeth extending along entire lip on most specimens; teeth obsolete on one specimen. Fossula moderately developed, very shallow, bounded anteriorly by a small, weak, terminal ridge.
Dimensions.
Type locality. PL3022 cliff section at Addiscot Beach, beds Bl 09–l07, southwest of small gully, clay overlying Demons Bluff Formation, Victoria. AMG Torquay BT 6l9490. Jan Juc Formation. Early Janjukian.
Type material. Holotype P302687, collected T. A. Darragh, 4 December 1985; paratype P302685, collected T. A. Darragh 8 May 1990.
Time range. Early Janjukian, Late Oligocene.
Occurrence and material. PL3022 Addiscott Beach (three specimens).
Remarks. The small size and the massive development of the anterior and posterior rostra separate this species from all others in the genus. In morphology, it comes closest to Zoila mulderi (Tate), but it has a massive anterior rostrum lacking in Z. mulderi and the posterior rostrum is not notched as it is in Z. mulderi.
Etymology. Greek, didymos, double; rhynchos, snout.
description: Published as part of Darragh, Thomas A., 2011, A revision of the Australian fossil species of Zoila (Gastropoda: Cypraeidae), pp. 1-28 in Memoirs of Museum Victoria 68 on pages 7-9, DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2011.68.01, http://zenodo.org/record/10665999
Reducing phase error in long numerical binary black hole evolutions with sixth order finite differencing
Creators: name: Husa, Sascha
name: Gonzalez, Jose A.
name: Hannam, Mark
name: Bruegmann, Bernd
name: Sperhake, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a modification of a fourth-order accurate ``moving puncture'' evolution code, where by replacing spatial fourth-order accurate differencing operators in the bulk of the grid by a specific choice of sixth-order accurate stencils we gain significant improvements in accuracy. We illustrate the performance of the modified algorithm with an equal-mass simulation covering nine orbits.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Strain Hardening of Polymer Glasses: Entanglements, Energetics, and Plasticity
Creators: name: Hoy, Robert S.
name: Robbins, Mark O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simulations are used to examine the microscopic origins of strain hardening in polymer glasses. While stress-strain curves for a wide range of temperature can be fit to the functional form predicted by entropic network models, many other results are fundamentally inconsistent with the physical picture underlying these models. Stresses are too large to be entropic and have the wrong trend with temperature. The most dramatic hardening at large strains reflects increases in energy as chains are pulled taut between entanglements rather than a change in entropy. A weak entropic stress is only observed in shape recovery of deformed samples when heated above the glass transition. While short chains do not form an entangled network, they exhibit partial shape recovery, orientation, and strain hardening. Stresses for all chain lengths collapse when plotted against a microscopic measure of chain stretching rather than the macroscopic stretch. The thermal contribution to the stress is directly proportional to the rate of plasticity as measured by breaking and reforming of interchain bonds. These observations suggest that the correct microscopic theory of strain hardening should be based on glassy state physics rather than rubber elasticity.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures: significant revisions