cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
For the sake of Yugoslavia. The EEC’s Yugoslav policy in Cold War Europe, 1968-1980
Creators: name: Zaccaria, Benedetto
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2014
Subjects: JA Political science (General)

description: This thesis treats the relationship between the European Economic Community (EEC) and the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
between 1968 and 1980. It highlights the political importance of EEC/Yugoslav relations within Community’s broader strategies towards the Socialist bloc and the
Mediterranean arena, and contextualises this relationship within the Cold War and European integration scenarios. Based on a Community-centred approach, it focuses
on the interaction between EEC member states, institutions and officials in Brussels. The Community’s Yugoslav policy during the 1970s has commonly been described
as a policy of neglect and faulty ignorance about the country’s fragile internal situation, based on the idea of Yugoslavia as a simple trading partner and exporter
of labour. It seems that the story of this relationship does not even deserve to be told. Indeed, the number of studies devoted to EEC/EU policy towards Yugoslavia
after the outbreak of the Yugoslav wars in the 1990s contrasts with the almost total lack of historical analysis regarding the preceding years. This thesis offers
a new interpretation of EEC/Yugoslav relations during the 1970s. It argues that, from 1968 to 1980, the EEC established firmly based political relations with Yugoslavia,
which were primarily determined, and constrained, by the need to prevent the expansion of Soviet influence in the Balkans and to foster détente in Europe. This is
the first historical study of EEC/Yugoslav relations based on primary sources from the archives of the EEC institutions, the French, British, German, Italian
and former Yugoslav archives, as well as on several collections of personal papers stored in public and private institutions. It represents an important case
study examining the evolution of the EEC’s role in the international arena during the 1970s. This work also offers an essential basis for the study of EEC/Yugoslav
relations during the 1980s, i.e., the decade which led to the end of the Cold War and the collapse of Yugoslavia.
Multicell Atomic Quantum Memory as a Hardware-Efficient Quantum Repeater Node
Creators: name: Li, Chang
name: Zhang, Sheng
name: Wu, Yukai
name: Jiang, Nan
name: Pu, Yunfei
name: Duan, Luming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For scalable quantum communication and networks, a key step is to realize a quantum repeater node that can efficiently connect different segments of atom-photon entanglement using quantum memories. We report a compact and hardware-efficient realization of a quantum repeater node using a single atomic ensemble for multicell quantum memories. Millisecond lifetime is achieved for individual memory cells after suppressing the magnetic-field-induced inhomogeneous broadening and the atomic-motion-induced spin-wave dephasing. Based on these long-lived multicell memory cells, we achieve heralded asynchronous entanglement generation in two quantum repeater segments one after another and then an on-demand entanglement connection of these two repeater segments. As another application of the multicell atomic quantum memory, we further demonstrate storage and on-demand retrieval of heralded atomic spin-wave qubits by implementing a random access quantum memory with individual addressing capacity. This work provides a promising constituent for efficient realization of quantum repeaters for large-scale quantum networks.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
$\mathcal{H}_\infty$ Network Optimization for Edge Consensus
Creators: name: Farhat, Omar
name: Jaoude, Dany Abou
name: de Badyn, Mathias Hudoba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper examines the $\mathcal{H}_\infty$ performance problem of the edge agreement protocol for networks of agents operating on independent time scales, connected by weighted edges, and corrupted by exogenous disturbances. $\mathcal{H}_\infty$-norm expressions and bounds are computed that are then used to derive new insights on network performance in terms of the effect of time scales and edge weights on disturbance rejection. We use our bounds to formulate a convex optimization problem for time scale and edge weight selection. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the applicability of the derived $\mathcal{H}_\infty$-norm bound expressions, and the optimization paradigm is illustrated via a formation control example involving non-homogeneous agents.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures. Accepted to the European Journal of Control
Variational Embedding Multiscale Sample Entropy:complexity-based analysis for multichannel systems
Creators: name: Xiao, Hongjian
name: Mandic, Danilo P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: To quantify the complexity of a system, entropy-based methods have received considerable critical attentions in real-world data analysis. Among numerous entropy algorithms, amplitude-based formulas, represented by Sample Entropy, suffer from a limitation of data length especially when it comes to practical scenarios. And this shortcoming is further highlighted by involving coarse graining procedure in multi-scale process. The unbalance between embedding dimension and data size will undoubtedly result in inaccurate and undefined estimation. To that cause, Variational Embedding Multiscale Sample Entropy is proposed in this paper, which assigns signals from various channels with distinct embedding dimensions. And this algorithm is tested by both stimulated and real signals. Furthermore, the performance of the new entropy is investigated and compared with Multivariate Multiscale Sample Entropy and Variational Embedding Multiscale Diversity Entropy. Two real-world database, wind data sets with varying regimes and physiological database recorded from young and elderly people, were utilized. As a result, the proposed algorithm gives an improved separation for both situations.
The stories African lawyers could tell when analysing legal issues: Lessons for social sciences teachers
Creators: name: Zongwe, Dunia Prince
Publisher: name: Walter Sisulu University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Activists and academics have clamoured for the decolonisation of knowledge, including law. But,unfortunately hardly anyone has put forth strategies for how faculties should decolonise the law.A number of jurists have underscored the necessity to draw on customary laws and traditionalvalues. Still, the #RhodesMustFall movement has, for the most part, been loud on the outcomes,but quiet on the methodologies. Joining the conversation on the decolonisation of epistemologies,this article contributes to the ongoing efforts to sanitise the law by proposing to revive African oralstorytelling cultures as a way to analyse the questions of law facing society. To live up to this task,this article adopts decolonial theory and, through stylised examples, illustrates how lawyers andsocial scientists in Africa can utilise storytelling to contextualise, (de)construct, and comprehendthose questions. This article assumes that lawyers can use African storytelling alongside theprevailing doctrinal method. That method, relaying the coloniality of law and captured by theacronym IRAC (issue(s), rules, application, and conclusion), trains students to approach conflictin society through a highly abstract and decontextualised problem-solving model. Lately, some(Western) social scientists have (re)discovered the practicality of storytelling in presenting analysisand research. However, in African oral traditions, stories worked differently from the manner inwhich those scientists employ them. African storytelling played a leading role, not only inconveying collective wisdom and social memory from one generation to the next, but also as amedium through which communities transmit the values that hold them together.Contribution: This article adds to the scholarship on storytelling and narratology byshowing how educators can utilise stories to analyse legal questions. That rich scholarship inthe humanities and the social sciences has so far not taken seriously the possibility ofusing stories to analyse research problems. Instead, scholars focus on storytelling mainly as away of presenting science, not as an analytical tool. This article bridges that gap anddemonstrates the analytical value of storytelling.
Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS) XIV: Revealing disk substructures in multi-wavelength continuum emission
Creators: name: Sierra, Anibal
name: Pérez, Laura M.
name: Zhang, Ke
name: Law, Charles J.
name: Guzmán, Viviana V.
name: Qi, Chunhua
name: Bosman, Arthur D.
name: Öberg, Karin I.
name: Andrews, Sean M.
name: Long, Feng
name: Teague, Richard
name: Booth, Alice S.
name: Walsh, Catherine
name: Wilner, David J.
name: Ménard, François
name: Cataldi, Gianni
name: Czekala, Ian
name: Bae, Jaehan
name: Huang, Jane
name: Bergner, Jennifer B.
name: Ilee, John D.
name: Benisty, Myriam
name: Gal, Romane Le
name: Loomis, Ryan A.
name: Tsukagoshi, Takashi
name: Liu, Yao
name: Yamato, Yoshihide
name: Aikawa, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Constraining dust properties of planet-forming disks via high angular resolution observations is fundamental to understanding how solids are trapped in substructures and how dust growth may be favored or accelerated therein. We use ALMA dust continuum observations of the Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS) disks and explore a large parameter space to constrain the radial distribution of solid mass and maximum grain size in each disk, including or excluding dust scattering. In the nonscattering model, the dust surface density and maximum grain size profiles decrease from the inner disks to the outer disks, with local maxima at the bright ring locations, as expected from dust trapping models. The inferred maximum grain sizes from the inner to outer disks decrease from ~1 cm to 1 mm. For IM Lup, HD 163296, and MWC 480 in the scattering model, two solutions are compatible with their observed inner disk emission: one solution corresponding to a maximum grain size of a few millimeters (similar to the nonscattering model), and the other corresponding to a few hundred micrometer sizes. Based on the estimated Toomre parameter, only IM Lup -- which shows a prominent spiral morphology in millimeter dust -- is found to be gravitationally unstable. The estimated maximum Stokes number in all the disks lies between 0.01 and 0.3, and the estimated turbulence parameters in the rings of AS 209 and HD 163296 are close to the threshold where dust growth is limited by turbulent fragmentation. This paper is part of the MAPS special issue of the Astrophysical Journal Supplement.
COVID-19 Working Paper: The Effects of COVID-19 on Food Sales
Creators: name: Dong, Xiao
name: Zeballos, Eliana
name: Dong, Xiao
name: Zeballos, Eliana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: COVID-19
subject: pandemic
subject: recession
subject: food sales

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly affected food-at-home (FAH) and food-away-from-home (FAFH) sales in the United States. Monthly sales for retail and food services show that food and beverage store sales for the first 8 months of 2020 were up 12.2 percent compared with 2019, but sales for food service and drinking places sales during the same time were down 20.9 percent compared with 2019.
Weyl Fermions in a Linear Class of Gödel-Type Space-Time Backgrounds
Creators: name: Ahmed, Faizuddin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Weyl fermions in a linear class of topologically trivial Gödel-type geometries in Einstein's general relativity. We solve the Weyl equation and evaluate in detail the energy eigenvalues and the corresponding wave functions.
description: 15 pages, published in Gravitation & Cosmology. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1705.10631 by other authors
title: Frauen in der Arbeitswelt
title: Erwerbsarbeitszeitmodelle und deren Potenzial für Frauenförderung und Geschlechtergleichstellung
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Schmidt, Eva-Maria
name: Kaindl, Markus
name: Mazal, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: University of Vienna. Project: Family Studies in Austria
Year: 2020

description: Diese Studie zeigt die Entwicklungen im Erwerbsarbeitsverhalten von Frauen in Österreich und die Bedeutung vielfältiger Arbeitszeitmodelle auf. Die Ergebnisse machen deutlich, dass die damit zusammenhängenden Leitvorstellungen Geschlechtergleichstellung eher behindern als fördern. Grundlage sind Gruppendiskussionen und Interviews mit insgesamt 30 Arbeitgeber/innen und 25 Arbeitnehmer/innen österreichweit sowie Analysen der Arbeitskräfteerhebungen 2008 bis 2018.
Quasi BPS Wilson loops, localization of loop equation by homology and exact beta function in the large N limit of SU(N) Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Bochicchio, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We localize the loop equation of large-N YM theory in the ASD variables on a critical equation for an effective action by means of homological methods as opposed to the cohomological localization of equivariantly closed forms in local field theory. Our localization occurs for some special simple quasi BPS Wilson loops, that have no perimeter divergence and no cusp anomaly for backtracking cusps, in a partial Eguchi-Kawai reduction from four to two dimensions of the non-commutative theory in the limit of infinite non-commutativity and in a lattice regularization in which the ASD integration variables live at the points of the lattice, thus implying an embedding of parabolic Higgs bundles in the YM functional integral. We find that the beta function of the effective action is saturated by the non-commutative ASD vortices of the EK reduction. An exact canonical beta function of NSVZ type that reproduces the universal first and second perturbative coefficients follows by the localization on vortices. Finally we argue that a scheme can be found in which the canonical coupling coincides with the physical charge between static quark sources in the large-N limit and we compare our theoretical calculation with some numerical lattice result.
description: 52 pages, latex; a change of notation in the vortices equations; a footnote added
The immigrant experience : personal recollections of Jewish garment workers in Canada, 1900-1930
Creators: name: Berson, Seemah Cathline,
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis is concerned with the lives of East European Jews who came to Canada in search of better living and working conditions. The period under review is 1900-1930. The study is based on the personal recollections of over fifty informants ranging in age from 65 to 90 years. The initial purpose was to discover why so many Jewish immigrants had chosen to work in the clothing factories of Montreal and Toronto. As the research progressed the reasons for choice of occupation faded into the background and their experiences in surmounting new problems became of paramount importance. In order to fully understand the motivations and actions of these people, this thesis investigates, through the media of taped interviews, the lives of Jewish immigrants in the Pale of Settlement. The Jews had been confined to the Pale for many years hence they were not only isolated but insulated from the wider politica happenings of the last two centuries. Their awakening, at the end of the 19th and early 20th century, through wars and consequent occupations, set their sights beyond the villages and towns in which they lived toward cities across borders and oceans. This thesis explores some of the historical roots and traditions of a people, why they tenaciously clung to their identity and their ability to start life all over again. The purpose is to convey a sense of living which a few people experienced even though millions emigrated to Canada and the United States at the turn of the century. The focus is on revealing the lives of workers in the Old Country, their journeying to the New World, and their experiences in Canada adjusting to a new setting. Utilizing the words of informants wherever possible the concern is not only to convey what their lives were like but also to show how they themselves reflect upon their past: the need to give meaning to one's actions is always unconsciously present in the recounting. Photographs are used throughout in order to give a further dimension to the words of these immigrants. A Glossary is appended giving meanings of Yiddish and other language words used. A Bibliography of references cited is also appended.
A note on matrix model with IR cutoff and AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Dey, Tanay K.
name: Mukherji, Sudipta
name: Mukhopadhyay, Subir
name: Sarkar, Swarnendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an effective model of strongly coupled gauge theory at finite temperature on $R^3$ in the presence of an infrared cutoff. It is constructed by considering the theory on $S^3$ with an infrared cutoff and then taking the size of the $S^3$ to infinity while keeping the cutoff fixed. This model reproduces various qualitative features expected from its gravity dual.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures, an appendix added, other minor changes, journal version
Sibling Regression for Generalized Linear Models
Creators: name: Shankar, Shiv
name: Sheldon, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Field observations form the basis of many scientific studies, especially in ecological and social sciences. Despite efforts to conduct such surveys in a standardized way, observations can be prone to systematic measurement errors. The removal of systematic variability introduced by the observation process, if possible, can greatly increase the value of this data. Existing non-parametric techniques for correcting such errors assume linear additive noise models. This leads to biased estimates when applied to generalized linear models (GLM). We present an approach based on residual functions to address this limitation. We then demonstrate its effectiveness on synthetic data and show it reduces systematic detection variability in moth surveys.
Determination of positive anode sheath in anodic carbon arc for synthesis of nanomaterials
Creators: name: Chopra, Nirbhav S.
name: Raitses, Yevgeny
name: Yatom, Shurik
name: Burgos, Jorge M. Muñoz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the atmospheric pressure anodic carbon arc, ablation of the anode serves as a feedstock of carbon for production of nanomaterials. It is known that the ablation of the graphite anode in this arc can have two distinctive modes with low and high ablation rates. The transition between these modes is governed by the power deposition at the arc attachment to the anode and depends on the gap between the anode and the cathode electrodes. Probe measurements combined with optical emission spectroscopy (OES) are used to analyze the voltage drop between the arc electrodes. These measurements corroborated previous predictions of a positive anode sheath (i.e. electron attracting sheath) in this arc, which appears in both low and high ablation modes. Another key result is a relatively low electron temperature (~ 0.6 eV) obtained from OES using a collisional radiative model. This result partially explains a higher arc voltage (~ 20 V) required to sustain the arc current of 50-70 A than predicted by existing simulations of this discharge.
description: 38 pages, 25 figures, submitted to Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics
Der Journalisten-Report II - Österreichs Medienmacher und ihre Motive. Eine repräsentative Befragung.
Creators: name: Hüffel, Clemens
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2010

description: Verlag: facultas.wuv Erscheinungsort: Wien Erscheinungsdatum: 2008
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 47 Nr. 1 (2009): 1/2009 - Standards in der Medienbildung
Jahrbuch Medienpädagogik 7
Creators: name: Krucsay, Susanne
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2010

description: Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften Wiesbaden 2008
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 47 Nr. 1 (2009): 1/2009 - Standards in der Medienbildung
RecSys Challenge 2024: Balancing Accuracy and Editorial Values in News Recommendations
Creators: name: Kruse, Johannes
name: Lindskow, Kasper
name: Kalloori, Saikishore
name: Polignano, Marco
name: Pomo, Claudio
name: Srivastava, Abhishek
name: Uppal, Anshuk
name: Andersen, Michael Riis
name: Frellsen, Jes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The RecSys Challenge 2024 aims to advance news recommendation by addressing both the technical and normative challenges inherent in designing effective and responsible recommender systems for news publishing. This paper describes the challenge, including its objectives, problem setting, and the dataset provided by the Danish news publishers Ekstra Bladet and JP/Politikens Media Group ("Ekstra Bladet"). The challenge explores the unique aspects of news recommendation, such as modeling user preferences based on behavior, accounting for the influence of the news agenda on user interests, and managing the rapid decay of news items. Additionally, the challenge embraces normative complexities, investigating the effects of recommender systems on news flow and their alignment with editorial values. We summarize the challenge setup, dataset characteristics, and evaluation metrics. Finally, we announce the winners and highlight their contributions. The dataset is available at: https://recsys.eb.dk.
description: 5 pages, 3 tables, RecSys' 24
Measuring the Potential Impact of New and Reformulated Bread and Breakfast Cereal Products on Nutrient Intakes
Creators: name: Martinez, Stephen
name: Taylor, Christopher A
name: Hooker, Neal H
name: Martinez, Stephen
name: Taylor, Christopher A
name: Hooker, Neal H
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
subject: Food and Nutrient Database for Dietary Studies
subject: National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference
subject: bread

description: New and reformulated products are introduced into the U.S. food system at the rate of about 20,000 products per year. Breakfast cereals and bread products are among the more dynamic food categories with respect to the availability of whole-grain products, with hundreds of new products introduced yearly. This report studies the potential impact of new breakfast cereal and bread products on nutrients consumed by adults and children.
Boson-Fermion Correspondence and Holomorphic Anomaly Equation in 2d Yang-Mills Theory on Torus
Creators: name: Huang, Min-xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Okuyama and Sakai proposed a novel holomorphic anomaly equation for the partition function of 2d Yang-Mills theory on a torus, based on an anholomorphic deformation of the propagator in the bosonic formulation. Using the boson-fermion correspondence, we derive the formula for the deformed partition function in fermionic description and give a proof of the holomorphic anomaly equation.
description: 15 pages, no figure
Bulk viscosity and the conformal anomaly in the pion gas
Creators: name: Fernandez-Fraile, D.
name: Nicola, A. Gomez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the bulk viscosity of the massive pion gas within Unitarized Chiral Perturbation Theory. We obtain a low temperature peak arising from explicit conformal breaking due to the pion mass and another peak near the critical temperature, dominated by the conformal anomaly through gluon condensate terms. The correlation between bulk viscosity and conformal breaking supports a recent QCD proposal. We discuss the role of resonances, heavier states and large-$N_c$ counting.
description: Revised version accepted in Phys.Rev.Lett. 4 pages, 3 figures
N=4 BPS black holes and octonionic twistors
Creators: name: Michel, Yann
name: Pioline, Boris
name: Rousset, Clement
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stationary, spherically symmetric solutions of N=2 supergravity in 3+1 dimensions have been shown to correspond to holomorphic curves on the twistor space of the quaternionic-Kähler space which arises in the dimensional reduction along the time direction. In this note, we generalize this result to the case of 1/4-BPS black holes in N=4 supergravity, and show that they too can be lifted to holomorphic curves on a "twistor space" Z, obtained by fibering the Grassmannian F=SO(8)/U(4) over the moduli space in three-dimensions SO(8,n_v+2)/SO(8)xSO(n_v+2). This provides a kind of octonionic generalization of the standard constructions in quaternionic geometry, and may be useful for generalizing the known BPS black hole solutions, and finding new non-BPS extremal solutions.
description: 30 pages, one figure, uses JHEP3.cls
Bright Purcell enhanced single-photon source in the telecom O-band based on a quantum dot in a circular Bragg grating
Creators: name: Kolatschek, Sascha
name: Nawrath, Cornelius
name: Bauer, Stephanie
name: Huang, Jiasheng
name: Fischer, Julius
name: Sittig, Robert
name: Jetter, Michael
name: Portalupi, Simone L.
name: Michler, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The combination of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) with photonic cavities is a promising way to realize non-classical light sources with state-of-the-art performances in terms of brightness, indistinguishability and repetition rate. In the present work we demonstrate the coupling of an InGaAs/GaAs QDs emitting in the telecom O-band to a circular Bragg grating cavity. We demonstrate a broadband geometric extraction efficiency enhancement by investigating two emission lines under above-band excitation, inside and detuned from the cavity mode, respectively. In the first case, a Purcell enhancement of 4 is attained. For the latter case, an end-to-end brightness of 1.4% with a brightness at the first lens of 23% is achieved. Using p-shell pumping, a combination of high count rate with pure single-photon emission (g(2)(0) = 0.01 in saturation) is achieved. Finally a good single-photon purity (g(2)(0) = 0.13) together with a high detector count rate of 191kcps is demonstrated for a temperature of up to 77K.
Defect-induced incompatibility of elastic strains: dislocations within the Landau theory of martensitic phase transformations
Creators: name: Gröger, R.
name: Lookman, T.
name: Saxena, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In dislocation-free martensites the components of the elastic strain tensor are constrained by the Saint-Venant compatibility condition which guarantees continuity of the body during external loading. However, in dislocated materials the plastic part of the distortion tensor introduces a displacement mismatch that is removed by elastic relaxation. The elastic strains are then no longer compatible in the sense of the Saint-Venant law and the ensuing incompatibility tensor is shown to be proportional to the gradients of the Nye dislocation density tensor. We demonstrate that the presence of this incompatibility gives rise to an additional long-range contribution in the inhomogeneous part of the Landau energy functional and to the corresponding stress fields. Competition amongst the local and long-range interactions results in frustration in the evolving order parameter (elastic) texture. We show how the Peach-Koehler forces and stress fields for any distribution of dislocations in arbitrarily anisotropic media can be calculated and employed in a Fokker-Planck dynamics for the dislocation density. This approach represents a self-consistent scheme that yields the evolutions of both the order parameter field and the continuous dislocation density. We illustrate our method by studying the effects of dislocations on microstructure, particularly twinned domain walls, in an Fe-Pd alloy undergoing a martensitic transformation.
description: 24 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev. B (changes from v1 include mainly incorporation of discrete slip systems; densities of crystal dislocations are now tracked explicitly)
Enhancing Romanian Offensive Language Detection through Knowledge Distillation, Multi-Task Learning, and Data Augmentation
Creators: name: Matei, Vlad-Cristian
name: Tăiatu, Iulian-Marius
name: Smădu, Răzvan-Alexandru
name: Cercel, Dumitru-Clementin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper highlights the significance of natural language processing (NLP) within artificial intelligence, underscoring its pivotal role in comprehending and modeling human language. Recent advancements in NLP, particularly in conversational bots, have garnered substantial attention and adoption among developers. This paper explores advanced methodologies for attaining smaller and more efficient NLP models. Specifically, we employ three key approaches: (1) training a Transformer-based neural network to detect offensive language, (2) employing data augmentation and knowledge distillation techniques to increase performance, and (3) incorporating multi-task learning with knowledge distillation and teacher annealing using diverse datasets to enhance efficiency. The culmination of these methods has yielded demonstrably improved outcomes.
description: Accepted by NLDB2024
A theory of intense-field dynamic alignment and high harmonic generation from coherently rotating molecules and interpretation of intense-field ultrafast pump-probe experiments
Creators: name: Abdurrouf, A.
name: Faisal, F. H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theory of ultra-fast pump-probe experiments proposed by us earlier [F.H.M. Faisal et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 143001 (2007) and F.H.M. Faisal and A. Abdurrouf, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 123005 (2008)] is developed here fully and applied to investigate the phenomena of dynamic alignment and high harmonic generation (HHG) from coherently rotating linear molecules. The theory provides essentially analytical results for the signals that allow us to investigate the simultaneous dependence of the HHG signals on the two externally available control parameters, namely, the relative angle between the polarizations, and the delay-time between the two pulses. It is applied to investigate the characteristics of high harmonic emission from nitrogen and oxygen molecules that have been observed experimentally in a number of laboratories. The results obtained both in the time-domain and in the frequency-domain are compared with the observed characteristics as well as directly with the data and are found to agree remarkably well. In addition we have predicted the existence of a "magic" polarization angle at which all modulations of the harmonic emission from nitrogen molecule changes to a steady emission at the harmonic frequency. Among other things we have also shown a correlation between the existence of the "magic" or critical polarization angles and the symmetry of the active molecular orbitals, that is deemed to be useful in connection with the "inverse problem" of molecular imaging from the HHG data.
description: 31 pages, 22 figures, and 140 equations
Energy fluctuations in a biharmonically driven nonlinear system
Creators: name: Singh, Navinder
name: Lahiri, Sourabh
name: Jayannavar, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the fluctuations of work done and dissipated heat of a Brownian particle in a symmetric double well system. The system is driven by two periodic input signals that rock the potential simultaneously. Confinement in one preferred well can be achieved by modulating the relative phase between the drives. We show that in the presence of pumping the stochastic resonance signal is enhanced when analyzed in terms of the average work done on the system per cycle. This is in contrast to the case when pumping is achieved by applying an external static bias, which degrades resonance. We analyze the nature of work and heat fluctuations and show that the steady state fluctuation theorem holds in this system.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures, revised manuscript
Editorial 1/2017: Tätigkeitsfelder schulischer Medienpädagog*innen
Creators: name: Barberi, Alessandro
name: Hug, Theo
name: Missomelius, Petra
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2017

description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 55 Nr. 1 (2017): 1/2017 - Tätigkeitsfelder schulischer MedienpädagogInnen
Electromagnetic properties of graphene junctions
Creators: name: Shafranjuk, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A resonant chiral tunneling (CT) across a graphene junction (GJ) induced by an external electromagnetic field (EF) is studied. Modulation of the electron and hole wavefunction phases $φ$ by the external EF during the CT processes strongly impacts the CT directional diagram. Therefore the a.c. transport characteristics of GJs depend on the EF polarization and frequency considerably. The GJ shows great promises for various nanoelectronic applications working in the THz diapason.
description: 4 pages 3 figures
Exploiting Quench Dynamics in Spin Chains for Distant Entanglement and Quantum Communication
Creators: name: Wichterich, Hannu
name: Bose, Sougato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a method of entangling significantly the distant ends of a spin chain using minimal control. This entanglement between distant individual spins is brought about solely by exploiting the dynamics of an initial mixed state with Neel order if the lattice features nearest-neighbor XXZ interaction. There is no need to control single spins or to have engineered couplings or to pulse globally. The method only requires an initial nonadiabatic switch (a quench) between two Hamiltonians followed by an evolution under the second Hamiltonian. The scheme is robust to randomness of the couplings as well as the finiteness of an appropriate quench and could potentially be implemented in various experimental setups, ranging from atoms in optical lattices to Josephson-junction arrays.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures; Comments welcome
Gaming the Schools.
Creators: name: Mitgutsch, Konstantin
name: Wagner, Michael
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2010

description: In den letzten Jahren ist ein enormes Interesse am Einsatz von Computerspielen im Unterricht in Theorie und Praxis zu beobachten. Während sich Ängste und Hoffnungen mitunter vermischen, sind Studien über die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des didaktisch gestützten Einsatzes von digitalen Spielen in formalen Lernräumen nach wie selten. Dies hat zur Folge, dass Computerspiele in vielen Fällen für schulische Zwecke strikt abgelehnt oder als omnipotente Ersatzwerkzeuge fuer geleiteten Unterricht überschätzt werden. Inwiefern sich digitale Spiele im Unterricht als tauglich erweisen könnten, bleibt dabei meist spekulativ und empirisch unreflektiert. Eben zu jener Forschungslücke versucht der vorliegende Beitrag neue Erkenntnisse beizutragen, indem ein österreichisches Pilotprojekt zum Einsatz von Computerspielen in Schulen vorgestellt und die Ergebnisse der Evaluierung erörtert werden. Es wird einerseits verdeutlicht welche Erfahrungen Lehrende mit dem Einsatz von Computerspielen gemacht haben und andererseits wird die Perspektive der SchülerInnen erhoben und reflektiert. Der Beitrag eröffnet Einsichten in die Chancen und Herausforderungen eines produktiven Einsatzes von Computerspielen in schulischen Settings und deutet auf die Etablierung einer neuen medienpädagogischen Professionalisierung im Schulunterricht hin.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 47 Nr. 2 (2009): 2/2009 - Computerspiele
Superparticle Mass Window from Leptogenesis and Decaying Gravitino Dark Matter
Creators: name: Buchmuller, Wilfried
name: Endo, Motoi
name: Shindou, Tetsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitino dark matter, together with thermal leptogenesis, implies an upper bound on the masses of superparticles. In the case of broken R-parity the constraints from primordial nucleosynthesis are naturally satisfied and decaying gravitinos lead to characteristic signatures in high energy cosmic rays. We analyse the implications for supergravity models with universal boundary conditions at the grand unification scale. Together with low-energy observables one obtains a window of superparticle masses, which will soon be probed at the LHC, and a range of allowed reheating temperatures.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, published version
Canadian toxic chemical policy
Creators: name: Sturdy, John Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis examines the existing constraints and opportunities that shape present and future chemical control. It argues that a lack of adequate and accessible information is the limiting factor and presents steps to expand those limits. Federal and provincial jurisdictions were examined., Governments were found to have adequate power to regulate all aspects of the problem including enabling legislation, regulations and guidelines, information access and compensation. The impediments to regulation are not therefore, constitutional but rather the large number of chemicals and the lack of a method to choose candidates for control. A pre-market strategy is necessary to establish priorities for control among the many chemicals posing a potential hazard. Hazard was described as a function of the exposure to a chemical and the consequences of that exposure. Thus, chemicals with large exposure and harmful consequences would be candidates for control while, conversely, chemicals with little exposure and negligible consequences would not. The necessity for information on those in between would be determined from the extent of exposure or of hazard known. Approaches to transform public opinion and scientific knowledge into standards for chosen candidates was examined. No method of arriving at an optimal standard was found. Therefore, judgment is necessary. To aid in arriving at acceptable standards a consultative approach with government, industry and the public as participants was suggested. Rational decisions would be aided by the availability of adequate information. To provide the necessary information an information system is advocated. Three model systems were reviewed. Deficiencies were analyzed and prescriptions for design improvements were made. Some of the key points discussed are compatibility, standardization of data, storage and retrieval problems, organization and confidentiality.
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Møller, Anders
name: Sridharan, Manu
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization
subject: Software and its engineering

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 194, 35th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2021), pages 0:i-0:xxiv
AGN Jet-induced Feedback in Galaxies. I. Suppression of Star Formation
Creators: name: Antonuccio-Delogu, V.
name: Silk, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We study the interaction of relativistic jets from AGNs with the ISM in their host galaxy, using a series of Adaptive Mesh Refinement simulations of the evolution of the interaction between the cocoon produced by the jet with a dense cloud, placed very near the cocoon's path. We vary only the jet's input power between P_{jet} = 10^{41}-10^{47} {\rm erg/sec}. The density Probability Distribution Function (PDF) within the cocoon can be described in terms of two distinct components, which are also spatially distinct: a low- and a high-density component. The PDF of the post-shocked region is well approximated by a modified lognormal distribution, for all values of $P_{jet}$. During the active phase, when the jet is fed by the AGN, the cloud is subject both to compression and stripping, which tend to increase its density and diminish its total mass. When the jet is switched off (i.e. during the passive phase) the shocked cloud cools further and tends to become more filamentary, under the action of a back-flow which develops within the cocoon. We study the evolution of the star formation rate within the cloud, assuming that is determined by a Schmidt-Kennicutt law, and we analyze the different physical factors which have an impact on the star formation rate. We show that, although the star formation rate can occasionally increase, on time scales of the order of $10^{5}-10^{6}$ yrs, star formation will be inhibited and the cloud fragments. The cooling time of the environment within which the cloud is embedded is however very long: thus, star formation from the fragmented cloud remains strongly inhibited.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, accepted by MNRAS. Version with high-resolution color figures available at http://web.ct.astro.it/cosmoct/web_group/papers/0806.4570.pdf
Faceted Ranking of Egos in Collaborative Tagging Systems
Creators: name: Orlicki, Jose Ignacio
name: Fierens, Pablo Ignacio
name: Alvarez-Hamelin, José Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multimedia uploaded content is tagged and recommended by users of collaborative systems, resulting in informal classifications also known as folksonomies. Faceted web ranking has been proved a reasonable alternative to a single ranking which does not take into account a personalized context. In this paper we analyze the online computation of rankings of users associated to facets made up of multiple tags. Possible applications are user reputation evaluation (ego-ranking) and improvement of content quality in case of retrieval. We propose a solution based on PageRank as centrality measure: (i) a ranking for each tag is computed offline on the basis of the corresponding tag-dependent subgraph; (ii) a faceted order is generated by merging rankings corresponding to all the tags in the facet. The fundamental assumption, validated by empirical observations, is that step (i) is scalable. We also present algorithms for part (ii) having time complexity O(k), where k is the number of tags in the facet, well suited to online computation.
Rezension: Science Slam. Ein Format der Wissenschaftskommunikation aus erwachsenenpädagogischer Perspektive von Maria Stimm
Creators: name: Theurl, Jan
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2020

description: In ihrem Buch „Science Slam“ erforscht Maria Stimm die Möglichkeit der theoretischen Erfassung und empirischen Beschreibung von Lernkulturen. Am Beispiel des Präsentationsformates ‚Science Slam‘ versucht sie aufzuzeigen, welchen Beitrag die Erwachsenenpädagogik zur Analyse und Gestaltung von Wissenschaftskommunikation leisten kann. Jan Theurl gibt in der vorliegenden Rezension einen Überblick über die wichtigsten Argumentationslinien.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 58 Nr. 02 (2020): Nähe(n) und Distanz(en) in Zeiten der COVID-19-Krise
A coordination-based approach to elasticity of floppy and stiff random networks
Creators: name: Wyart, M.
name: Liang, H.
name: Kabla, A.
name: Mahadevan, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the role of connectivity on the linear and nonlinear elastic behavior of amorphous systems using a two-dimensional random network of harmonic springs as a model system. A natural characterization of these systems arises in terms of the network coordination relative to that of an isostatic network $δz$; a floppy network has $δz<0$, while a stiff network has $δz>0$. Under the influence of an externally applied load we observe that the response of both floppy and rigid network are controlled by the same critical point, corresponding to the onset of rigidity. We use numerical simulations to compute the exponents which characterize the shear modulus, the amplitude of non-affine displacements, and the network stiffening as a function of $δz$, derive these theoretically and make predictions for the mechanical response of glasses and fibrous networks.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Problems of robustness for universal coding schemes
Creators: name: V'yugin, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2

description: The Lempel-Ziv universal coding scheme is asymptotically optimal for the class of all stationary ergodic sources. A problem of robustness of this property under small violations of ergodicity is studied. A notion of deficiency of algorithmic randomness is used as a measure of disagreement between data sequence and probability measure. We prove that universal compressing schemes from a large class are non-robust in the following sense: if the randomness deficiency grows arbitrarily slowly on initial fragments of an infinite sequence then the property of asymptotic optimality of any universal compressing algorithm can be violated. Lempel-Ziv compressing algorithms are robust on infinite sequences generated by ergodic Markov chains when the randomness deficiency of its initial fragments of length $n$ grows as $o(n)$.
description: 23 pages
Rezension: Wie Stories zu History werden. Zur Authentizität von Zeitgeschichte im Spielfilm von Björn Bergold
Creators: name: Burger, Michael
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2020

description: Björn Bergold geht am Beispiel des Fernsehzweiteilers „Der Turm“, der das Ende der DDR thematisiert, in seiner empirischen Studie der Frage nach, wie und anhand welcher Aspekte fiktionale zeithistorische Spielfilme als eine authentische Darstellung von Geschichte rezipiert werden.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 58 Nr. 02 (2020): Nähe(n) und Distanz(en) in Zeiten der COVID-19-Krise