Lasiodora camurujipe Bertani 2023, n. sp.
Creators: name: Bertani, Rogério
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Theraphosidae
Lasiodora
Lasiodora camurujipe

description: Lasiodora camurujipe n. sp.
(Figs 10, 16 ─18, 203─224)
Diagnosis. Lasiodora camurujipe n. sp. males and females resemble those of L. subcanens, L. sertaneja n. sp. (part) and L. klugi (part) by having spiniform setae not limited to the upper area of retrolateral maxilla (Figs 209 ─210). They can be distinguished from those of L. klugi (part) and L. sertaneja n. sp. (part) by having the distal maxilla covered with several spiniform setae on most of its upper, median and lower areas, whereas in these two species normally, there are only a few spiniform setae on the median and lower areas. From L. subcanens, they differ by the retrolateral distal maxilla covered with several well developed spiniform setae (Figs 209 ─210) and by lacking the abundant whitish setae covering most of the carapace, dorsal chelicerae and legs that L. subcanens have (Figs 219 -222).
Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality, the Camurujipe farm, a RPPN (Private Natural Heritage Reserve), in the Municipality of Mata de São João, State of Bahia, Brazil, where the types were collected.
Type material. Holotype male (MZUSP 78870) and paratype female (MZUSP 78871) from Brazil, state of Bahia, Mata de São João, RPPN Camurujipe, Malhadas [12°31 S, 38°02’W], R. Bertani, C. S. Fukushima & R. H. Nagahama, 4 October 2007, inside burrows between Ficus tree roots, at night.
Other material examined. BRAZIL: Bahia: without locality, 1 female, Centro Controle de Zoonoses da Prefeitura de São Paulo, 26 March 2003, ref. 90660 (IBSP 10461); Camaçari [12°41’S, 38°19’W], 1 male, Samsuy Nordeste S/A, 3 March 1986, ref. 50897 (IBSP 2658C); Mata de São João, RPPN Camurujipe, Malhadas [12°31 S, 38°02’W], 1 male, R. Bertani, C. S. Fukushima & R. H. Nagahama, 4 October 2007, inside burrows between Ficus tree roots, at night (BA1357) (MNRJ 7764); 1 male, same collectors and date (BA 1297) (MNRJ 7765); Salvador, Alphaville [12°54’S, 38°22’W], 1 female, G. G. Montingelli, 11–29 November 2001 (IBSP 9800); 1 female, same collector and date (IBSP 9799); 1 immature male, same collector and date (IBSP 9801); São Sebastião do Passé [12°30’S, 38°29’W], 1 male, V. M. C. Dube, ref. 42901 (IBSP 6367).
Description. Male (MZUSP 78870). Carapace 27.24 long, 27.46 wide, chelicera 13.34. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 26.05, 13.31, 21.03, 21.50, 11.43, 93.32. II: 23.92, 12.37, 20.28, 20.06, 10.22, 86.85. III: 22.01, 11.17, 17.91, 21.50, 10.58, 83.17. IV: 25.20, 11.44, 22.12, 28.65, 11.35, 98.76. Palp: 16.62, 9.21, 13.54, –, 6.25, 45.62. Midwidths: femora I–IV = 5.43, 5.72, 6.96, 5.47, palp = 3.89; patellae I–IV = 5.68, 5.51, 5.68, 5.20, palp = 4.30; tibiae I–IV = 4.39, 4.02, 4.13, 3.91, palp = 4.20; metatarsi I–IV = 2.57, 2.58, 2.91, 2.70; tarsi I–IV = 2.65, 2.76, 2.67, 2.47, palp = 3.64. Abdomen 27.57 long, 18.03 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 2.99 long, 1.18 wide, 1.54 apart; PLS, 4.48 basal, 3.31 middle, 4.71 distal; midwidths 1.65, 1.61, 1.12, respectively. Carapace: 0.99 longer than wide; cephalic area moderately raised, thoracic striae conspicuous. Fovea: 5.59 wide. Eyes and eye tubercle: Tubercle 1.04 high, 2.73 long, 3.81 wide. Clypeus 0.45 wide. Anterior eye row procurved, posterior slightly recurved. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.82, ALE 0.96, PME 0.56, PLE 0.95, AME–AME 0.76, AME–ALE 0.67, AME–PME 0.17, ALE–ALE 2.46, ALE–PME 0.58, PME–PME 1.92, PME–PLE 0.13, PLE–PLE 2.79, ALE–PLE 0.43, AME–PLE 0.72. Eye group 3.82 wide, 1.95 long. Maxilla: Length 8.76, width 5.12. Cuspules: 240 spread over ventral inner heel. Labium: 3.97 long, 4.40 wide, with 174 cuspules spaced by ca. one diameter from each other on the anterior third center. Chelicera. basal segment with 11 teeth in row on promargin and denticles in basal area. Sternum: 12.05 long, 11.46 wide.
Legs: leg formula: I = IV II III. Length leg IV to I: 1.06. Stridulatory apparatus: Retrolateral maxilla: small to large spiniform setae on the distal upper, middle and lower areas, interspersed with some plumose setae (Figs 209 ─210). Leg I prolateral coxa: confluence of sutures region with ca. 14 brownish, elongated, somewhat spatulated stridulatory setae and several smaller ones (Figs 211─212). Region above sutures with plumose setae and some curved spininiform setae. Region below sutures covered with plumose setae having no incrassate base (Fig. 213). Coxa I retrolateral face covered with plumose setae and a series of small spiniform setae on the upper and middle basal region. Coxae II─IV lacking small spiniform setae on retrolateral face. Coxa II prolateral face with same apparatus as in leg I, in legs III and IV the stridulatory setae are very slender. Scopula: Tarsi I–IV fully scopulate. Metatarsi I fully scopulated; II 3/4; III 1/2; IV 1/4 distal. Metatarsus IV divided by row of 2─3 setae. Spination: palp: femur 0, patella 0, tibia v1-0-0, p2-3-1; leg I: femur p0-0-1, patella 0, tibia v1-0-1ap, metatarsus v0-0-1ap; leg II: femur p0-0-1, patella 0, tibia v0-2-4(3ap), p0-1-1, metatarsus v1-0-2ap, p0-1-1; leg III: femur r0-0-1, patella 0, tibia v0-1-3ap, p1-1-1, r1-1-0, metatarsus v0-2-(4ap), p1-2-1, r0-0-1; leg IV: femur r0-0-1, patella 0, tibia v0-2- 5(3ap), p1-1-1, r1-1-1, metatarsus v21(4ap), p1-2-1, r0-0-1.
Urticating setae: Position, type and length range: MA, I, 0.35─0.39; LA, I, 0.27─0.36; MM, III, 0.74─0.78; LM, MP and LP not seen as the areas are bald.
Palp (Figs 203 –205). Bulb pyriform, embolus slightly longer than tegulum length, slightly flattened laterally at distal region, apex short and thick. Prolateral keels present. PS forming embolus edge distally. A short. R sharp, with a series of denticles on its edge. SA well developed. Bifid tibial spur (Figs 206─207) with processes originating from common base, both straight, retrolateral longest and with a curvature at its distal portion. A single, flattened, rhomboidal spine contiguous to the internal upper face of retrolateral process, and three such spines at the internal face of prolateral process. Metatarsus I curved at its basal third, when folded touches apex of retrolateral process.
Color pattern (in alcohol). Carapace black bordered with dense layer of light salmon colored setae, chelicerae black covered with light salmon colored setae. Legs black, except for coxae, trochanter and basal part of femora, dorsally covered with light salmon colored setae. Longer setae on dorsal legs light brown. Coxae of legs ventrally and sternum reddish brown, covered with short dark brown setae and longer scattered brown setae. Legs ventrally dark brown. Labium and maxillae reddish brown. Abdomen dorsally black, and ventrally dark brown with abundant long light brown or slightly reddish setae. Femora, patellae, tibiae and metatarsi of legs and palp with very discrete light stripes. Apex of leg segments with very discrete whitish rings on apex.
Description. Female (MZUSP 78871). Carapace 26.55 long, 25.40 wide, chelicera 16.14. Legs (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tarsus, total): I: 20.45, 11.74, 16.75, 14.27, 8.50, 71.71. II: 18.52, 11.06, 14.33, 13.38, 7.81, 65.10. III: 17.13, 9.83, 12.55, 14.52, 8.65, 62.68. IV: 19.99, 10.67, 16.22, 19.45, 8.57, 74.90. Palp: 14.68, 8.49, 11.29, –, 9.49, 43.95. Midwidths: femora I–IV = 4.83, 4.97, 5.44, 5.35, palp = 3.34; patellae I–IV = 4.86, 4.82, 4.84, 4.74, palp = 4.03; tibiae I–IV = 4.01, 3.86, 4.03, 4.06, palp = 3.54; metatarsi I–IV = 2.85, 2.72, 2.66, 2.56; tarsi I–IV = 3.05, 2.94, 3.17, 2.93, palp = 2.99. Abdomen 34.12 long, 25.88 wide. Spinnerets: PMS, 2.97 long, 1.52 wide, 2.97 apart; PLS, 4.57 basal, 3.13 middle, 4.80 distal; midwidths 2.10, 1.79, 1.34, respectively. Carapace: 1.04 longer than wide; cephalic area noticeably raised, thoracic striae conspicuous. Fovea: 5.87 wide. Eyes and eye tubercle: Tubercle 0.97 high, 3.00 long, 3.83 wide. Clypeus 1.10 wide. Anterior eye row procurved, posterior recurved. Eye sizes and inter-distances: AME 0.71, ALE 0.95, PME 0.58, PLE 0.85, AME–AME 0.78, AME–ALE 0.40, AME–PME 0.24, ALE–ALE 2.41, ALE–PME 0.53, PME–PME 2.00, PME–PLE 0.11, PLE–PLE 2.73, ALE–PLE 0.37, AME–PLE 0.76. Eye group 3.73 wide, 1.90 long. Maxillae: Length 8.37, width 5.71. Cuspules: 403 spread over ventral inner heel. Labium 4.07 long, 4.99 wide, with 254 cuspules spaced by ca. one diameter from each other on the anterior third center. Chelicera: basal segment with 9 teeth in row on promargin and denticles in basal area. Sternum: 11.73 long, 10.20 wide.
Legs: formula: I = IV II III. Length leg IV to I: 1.04. Stridulatory apparatus: Retrolateral maxilla: small to large spiniform setae on the distal upper, middle and lower areas, interspersed with some plumose setae (Figs 214 ─215). Leg I prolateral coxa: confluence of sutures region with ca. 10 brownish, elongated, spatulated stridulatory setae and several short ones (Figs 216─217). Region above sutures with plumose setae and some curved spiniform setae. Region below sutures covered with plumose setae having slightly incrassate base (Fig. 218). Coxa I retrolateral face covered with plumose setae and a series of small spiniform setae on upper and middle basal region. Coxae II ─ IV lacking small spiniform setae on retrolateral face. Coxa II prolateral face with same apparatus as in leg I, in legs III and IV the stridulatory setae are very slender. Scopula: Tarsi I – IV fully scopulate. Metatarsi I –II fully scopulated; III 1 /2, IV 1 /4 distal. Metatarsus IV divided by a row of 4─5 setae. Spination: palp: femur p0-0-1ap, patella 0, tibia v1-2-4(3ap), p1-1-1, r0-1-1; leg I: femur p0-0-1, patella 0, tibia v0-0-2ap, metatarsus v0-0-1ap; leg II: femur p0-0- 1, patella 0, tibia v0-1-3ap, p0-1-1, metatarsus v1-0-3ap; leg III: femur 0, patella 0, tibia v0-3-2ap, p1-1-1, r1-1-1, metatarsus v0-3-6ap, p1-2-1, r0-1-1; leg IV: femur 0, patella 0, tibia v0-2-3(2ap), p0-1-1ap, r0-1-1, metatarsus v21(5ap), p0-1-1, r0-1-1. Urticating setae: Position, type and length range: MA, I, 0.36─0.39; LA, I, 0.34─0.37; MM, I, 0.45─0.47; LM, I, 0.38─0.39; MP, I, 0.69─0.72, III, 0.67─0.73; LP, I, 0.41─0.45. In MP region, almost all setae are intermediates between types I and III (Bertani & Guadanucci 2013).
Spermathecae (Fig. 208): Two very short spermathecae separated by heavily sclerotized short area, spermathecal stalk slightly narrower than spermathecal bulb.
Color pattern (in alcohol): As in male, except: chelicerae lacking light salmon colored setae; carapace bordered with narrow band of light salmon colored setae; legs entirely black dorsally, except for coxae having light salmon colored setae; apex of femora of legs and palp with narrow whitish rings, patellae, tibiae and metatarsi with discrete whitish rings.
Distribution. Brazil, state of Bahia, endemic to the region from Salvador to Mata de São João municipalities (Figs 223 ─224).
Natural history. The types and additional specimens were collected in the RPPN Camurujipe at night. The area is covered with Brazilian Atlantic Forest. All them were inside the spaces between Ficus tree roots. None were found under fallen logs or rocks, as well as inside burrows on ravines. As with L. klugi (see above), Ficus trees seem to be an important element for the spiders of this species, providing retreats.
The area of distribution of. L. camurujipe n. sp. is roughly the same as those of other theraphosid species, such as Typhochlaena seladonia C. L. Koch, 1841, Iridopelma zorodes (Mello-Leitão, 1926), Pachistopelma bromelicola Bertani, 2012 (Bertani, 2012) and Vitalius sapiranga Bertani, 2023. It is concerning that this area of endemism is suffering an accelerated process of anthropization. Conservation areas on this biodiversity rich region should be created to protect this fauna (pers. obs.).
description: Published as part of Bertani, Rogério, 2023, Taxonomic revision and cladistic analysis of Lasiodora C. L. Koch, 1850 (Araneae, Theraphosidae) with notes on related genera, pp. 1-116 in Zootaxa 5390 (1) on pages 78-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5390.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10434516