cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Emergence of magnetic flux generated in a solar convective dynamo. I: Formation of Sunspots and Active regions, and Origin of Their Asymmetries
Creators: name: Chen, Feng
name: Rempel, Matthias
name: Fan, Yuhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a realistic numerical model of sunspot and active region formation based on the emergence of flux bundles generated in a solar convective dynamo. To this end we use the magnetic and velocity fields in a horizontal layer near the top boundary of the solar convective dynamo simulation to drive realistic radiative-magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the upper most layers of the convection zone. The main results are: (1) The emerging flux bundles rise with the mean speed of convective upflows, and fragment into small-scale magnetic elements that further rise to the photosphere, where bipolar sunspot pairs are formed through the coalescence of the small-scale magnetic elements. (2) Filamentary penumbral structures form when the sunspot is still growing through ongoing flux emergence. In contrast to the classical Evershed effect, the inflow seems to prevail over the outflow in a large part of the penumbra. (3) A well formed sunspot is a mostly monolithic magnetic structures that is anchored in a persistent deep-seated downdraft lane. The flow field outside the spot shows a giant vortex ring that comprises of an inflow below 15 Mm depth and an outflow above 15 Mm depth. (4) The sunspots successfully reproduce the fundamental properties of the observed solar active regions, including the more coherent leading spots with a stronger field strength, and the correct tilts of bipolar sunspot pairs. These asymmetries can be linked to the intrinsic asymmetries in the magnetic and flow fields adapted from the convective dynamo simulation.
description: 30 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Photon radiation in $e^+e^-\to$ hadrons at low energies with CARLOMAT 3.1
Creators: name: Jegerlehner, Fred
name: Kolodziej, Karol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a sample of results for the cross sections of several processes of low energetic $e^+e^-$ annihilation into final states containing pions accompanied by one or two photons, or a light lepton pair. The results, which have been obtained with a new version of a multipurpose Monte Carlo program CARLOMAT, labelled 3.1, demonstrate new capabilities of the program which, among others, include a possibility of taking into account either the initial or final state radiation separately, or both at a time, and a possibility of inclusion of the electromagnetic charged pion form factor for processes with charged pion pairs. We also discuss some problems related to the $U(1)$ electromagnetic gauge invariance.
description: 17 pages, 17 figures, matches version published in Eur. Phys. J. C
Exploring nonlinear topological states of matter with exciton-polaritons: Edge solitons in kagome lattice
Creators: name: Gulevich, Dmitry R.
name: Yudin, Dmitry
name: Skryabin, Dmitry V.
name: Iorsh, Ivan V.
name: Shelykh, Ivan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Matter in nontrivial topological phase possesses unique properties, such as support of unidirectional edge modes on its interface. It is the existence of such modes which is responsible for the wonderful properties of a topological insulator -- material which is insulating in the bulk but conducting on its surface, along with many of its recently proposed photonic and polaritonic analogues. We show that exciton-polariton fluid in a nontrivial topological phase in kagome lattice, supports nonlinear excitations in the form of solitons built up from wavepackets of topological edge modes -- topological edge solitons. Our theoretical and numerical results indicate the appearance of bright, dark and grey solitons dwelling in the vicinity of the boundary of a lattice strip. In a parabolic region of the dispersion the solitons can be described by envelope functions satisfying the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Upon collision, multiple topological edge solitons emerge undistorted, which proves them to be true solitons as opposed to solitary waves for which such requirement is waived. Importantly, kagome lattice supports topological edge mode with zero group velocity unlike other types of truncated lattices. This gives a finer control over soliton velocity which can take both positive and negative values depending on the choice of forming it topological edge modes.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Trends analysis of rangeland condition monitoring assessment and projection (RCMAP) fractional component time series (1985–2020)
Creators: name: Shi, Hua
name: Rigge, Matthew
name: Postma, Kory
name: Bunde, Brett
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Abstract: Rangelands have a dynamic response to climate change, fire, and other anthropogenic disturbances. The Rangeland Condition, Monitoring, Assessment, and Projection (RCMAP) product aims to capture this response by quantifying the percent cover of eight rangeland components, associated error, and trends across the western United States using Landsat from 1985 to 2020. The current generation of RCMAP has been improved with more training data, regional-scale Landsat composites, and more robust change detection. We assess the temporal patterns in each component with a linear model and a structural change method that determines break points using an 8-year temporal moving window. The linear and structural change methods generally agreed on patterns of change, but the latter found breaks more often, with at least one break point in most pixels. The structural change model provides more robust statistics on the significant minority of pixels with non-monotonic trends, while detrending some interannual signal potentially superfluous from a long-term perspective. Although break point density within one year of fire and vegetation treatments was ~10× and ~4× that of unburned areas, respectively, break point detection in the correct year of fire was only moderately accurate. Climate responses in break points proved more robust, with strong spatiotemporal relation in break point density with both aridity index values and aridity index change. Break point density strongly responds to both increased and decreased aridity and is reflective of ecosystem resilience. Data provide spatiotemporal information on the occurrence of breaks, but even more importantly, attribute those change events to specific component(s).
Detecting peatland vegetation patterns with multi-temporal field spectroscopy
Creators: name: Pang, Yuwen
name: Räsänen, Aleksi
name: Lindholm, Viivi
name: Aurela, Mika
name: Virtanen, Tarmo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Peatlands are one of the most significant terrestrial carbon pools, and the processes behind the carbon cycle in peatlands are strongly associated with different vegetation patterns. Handheld spectroradiometer data has been widely applied in ecological research, but there is a lack of studies on peatlands assessing how the temporal and spectral resolution affect the detectability of vegetation patterns. We collected field spectroscopy and vegetation inventory data at two northern boreal peatlands, Lompolojänkkä and Halssiaapa, between late May and August 2019. We conducted multivariate random forest regressions to examine the appropriate periods, benefits of multi-temporal data, and optimal spectral bandwidth and sampling interval for detecting plant communities and the two-dimensional (2D) %-cover, above-ground biomass (AGB) and leaf area index (LAI) of seven plant functional types (PFTs). In the best cross-site regression models for detecting plant community clusters (PCCs), R2 was 42.6–48.0% (root mean square error (RMSE) 0.153–0.193), and for PFT 2D %-cover 53.9–69.8% (RMSE 8.2–17.6%), AGB 43.1–61.5% (RMSE 86.2–165.5 g/m2) and LAI 46.3–51.3% (RMSE 0.220–0.464 m2/m2). The multi-temporal data of the whole season increased R2 by 13.7–24.6%-points and 10.2–33.0%-points for the PCC and PFT regressions, respectively. There was no single optimal temporal window for vegetation pattern detection for the two sites; in Lompolojänkkä the early growing season between late May and mid-June had the highest regression performance, while in Halssiaapa, the optimal period was during the peak season, from July to early August. In general, the spectral sampling interval between 1 to 10 nm yielded the best regression performance for most of the vegetation characteristics in Lompolojänkkä, whereas the optimal range extended to 20 nm in Halssiaapa. Our findings underscore the importance of fieldwork timing and the use of multi-temporal and hyperspectral data in detecting vegetation in spatially heterogeneous landscapes.
title: Report Card: Potential Tipping Points for life in the Southern Ocean
Creators: name: Boyd, PW
name: Kawaguchi, S
name: Strzepek, RF
name: Meiners, KM
name: Hallegraeff, GM
name: McMinn, A
name: Reilly, D
Publisher: name: Antarctic Climate & Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre (ACE CRC)
Year: 2019

description: There is now clear scientific evidence that the increasing magnitude and rate of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are causing rapid and unprecedented changes to the global ocean. These will have potentially serious impacts during the 21st century on the sustainability and management of many marine and coastal ecosystems. Research has shown that the Southern Ocean, in particular, is encountering significant changes linked to climate change. The changes in pH, temperature, circulation and sea ice – along with potential for increased fishing pressure – are all likely to have far-reaching consequences for all species that currently inhabit the Southern Ocean. One of the fundamental questions for marine scientists studying the Southern Ocean is how climate change will alter the growth of key prey species including phytoplankton, zooplankton and krill. Phytoplankton are the base Baleen whale. iStock of the marine food web, and even seemingly small changes in sea-ice, ocean circulation, chemistry and temperature will affect which species live, thrive and die in the ocean. The biological outcomes from these changes will be determined by the environment, timing, rate and magnitude of change in each stressor, the order in which the changes occur, and the potential for consequences to be compounded when multiple stressors change concurrently. Hence, understanding the impacts of climate change on Southern Ocean life requires us to consider which key species will be more sensitive to change, if change will have benefical or detrimental effects on marine life, and how change will vary from region to region. These new scientific insights will have important implications for management of fish stocks and high conservation value species throughout the region.
Fisher consistency for prior probability shift
Creators: name: Tasche, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62C10

description: We introduce Fisher consistency in the sense of unbiasedness as a desirable property for estimators of class prior probabilities. Lack of Fisher consistency could be used as a criterion to dismiss estimators that are unlikely to deliver precise estimates in test datasets under prior probability and more general dataset shift. The usefulness of this unbiasedness concept is demonstrated with three examples of classifiers used for quantification: Adjusted Classify & Count, EM-algorithm and CDE-Iterate. We find that Adjusted Classify & Count and EM-algorithm are Fisher consistent. A counter-example shows that CDE-Iterate is not Fisher consistent and, therefore, cannot be trusted to deliver reliable estimates of class probabilities.
description: 28 pages, 2 figures, 8 tables, introduction extended
OTOSTEGIA MEGASTEGIA O'SIMLIGIDAGI GUL VA BARGLARNING KOMPONENTLARI VA ULARNING INSON ORGANIZMIDAGI AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Mamadaliyev, Ikrom
name: Ibrohimova, Risqiya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Tadqiqotda Lamiaceae oilasiga mansub bo'lgan Otostegia megastegia o'simligi va bu o'simlikdan ajratilgan efir moylarining biologik faolligi o'rganildi. Uchuvchi komponentlarni o'rganish uchun xomashyo sifatida 2019-yil may oyining birinchi o'n kunligi oxirida gullash davrida tadqiqotchi olimlar tomonidan yig'ilgan. O. megastegiyaning gul barglari va barglari O'zbekiston Surxondaryo viloyati, Boysun tumanidan olingan.
title: Landesweite Treibhausgasemissionen aus Mooren und weiteren kohlenstoffreichen Böden sowie aus der Torfproduktion und -gewinnung in Niedersachsen
Creators: name: Höper, Heinrich
Publisher: name: Landesamt für Bergbau, Energie und Geologie
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/0291s1e82
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Moore und weitere kohlenstoffreiche Böden sind eine bedeutende Quelle von Treibhausgasen. Sie enthalten Torf oder andere organische Substanzen, die sich im Laufe von Jahrtausenden gebildet und abgelagert haben und damit eine Senke für atmosphärisches Kohlendioxid darstellen. Mit der Inkulturnahme, Entwässerung und Nutzung der Standorte wurde und wird auch heute noch ein Teil der Torfe oder organischen Substanzen wieder oxidiert und klima-relevantes Kohlendioxid freigesetzt. Aus den durch Torfmineralisation oder Düngung freigesetzten Stickstoffverbindungen kann sich zudem Lachgas bilden, das ebenfalls eine starke Relevanz für das Klima besitzt.

Die Berechnung der Treibhausgas-Emissionen aus den kohlenstoffreichen Böden in Niedersachsen bietet Informationen über den Ist-Zustand und bildet die Bewertungsgrundlage für Maßnahmen zum Klimaschutz.
Anyonic Haldane insulator in one dimension
Creators: name: Lange, Florian
name: Ejima, Satoshi
name: Fehske, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate numerically the existence of a nontrivial topological Haldane phase for the one-dimensional extended ($U$-$V$) Hubbard model with a mean density of one particle per site, not only for bosons but also for anyons, despite a broken reflection parity symmetry. The Haldane insulator, surrounded by superfluid, Mott insulator and density-wave phases in the $V$-$U$ parameter plane, is protected by combined (modified) spatial-inversion and time-reversal symmetries, which is verified within our matrix-product-state based infinite density-matrix renormalization group scheme by analyzing generalized transfer matrices. With regard to an experimental verification of the anyonic Haldane insulator state the calculated asymmetry of the dynamical density structure factor should be of particular importance.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures + 1 page supplemental material, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Structural evolution in germanium and selenium nuclei within the mapped interacting boson model based on the Gogny energy density functional
Creators: name: Nomura, K.
name: Rodríguez-Guzmán, R.
name: Robledo, L. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shape transitions and shape coexistence in the Ge and Se isotopes are studied within the interacting boson model (IBM) with the microscopic input from the self-consistent mean-field calculation based on the Gogny-D1M energy density functional. The mean-field energy surface as a function of the quadrupole shape variables $β$ and $γ$, obtained from the constrained Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov method, is mapped onto the expectation value of the IBM Hamiltonian with configuration mixing in the boson condensate state. The resultant Hamiltonian is used to compute excitation energies and electromagnetic properties of the selected nuclei $^{66-94}$Ge and $^{68-96}$Se. Our calculation suggests that many nuclei exhibit $γ$ softness. Coexistence between prolate and oblate, as well as between spherical and $γ$-soft, shapes is also observed. The method provides a reasonable description of the observed systematics of the excitation energy of the low-lying energy levels and transition strengths for nuclei below the neutron shell closure $N=50$, and provides predictions on the spectroscopy of neutron-rich Ge and Se isotopes with $52\leq N\leq 62$, where data are scarce or not available.
description: 16 pages, 20 figures
Comprehensive analysis of GEO-KOMPSAT-2A and FengYun satellite-based precipitation estimates across Northeast Asia
Creators: name: Yin, Gaohong
name: Baik, Jongjin
name: Park, Jongmin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Geostationary meteorological satellites provide precipitation estimates with a high spatio-temporal resolution, which is important for near real-time precipitation monitoring. This study systematically evaluated geostationary orbit (GEO) satellite-based quantitative precipitation estimates (QPEs) from Chinese Fengyun-2 G (FY-2 G), Fengyun-4A (FY-4A), and South Korean Geo-KOMPSAT-2A (GK-2A) across Northeast Asia in 2020. Compared against ground-based rainfall gauges at a 6-hourly scale, FY-2 G provided the highest accuracy in the China region with a high correlation coefficient (R = 0.53) and a low bias (−0.26 mm) due to the ground calibration process in FY-2 G. Conversely, GK-2A provided more accurate precipitation estimates for South Korea and Japan stations. FY-4A QPE generally showed a large positive bias throughout different seasons, although it provided satisfactory R and categorical statistics. FY-based QPEs slightly overestimated summer precipitation, especially over South Korea and Japan region, while GK-2A tended to underestimate summer precipitation. All examined QPEs showed poor accuracy during the winter season due to the frozen particles and ice clouds. Intensity analysis revealed that FY-based QPEs tended to overestimate the occurrence of no rain and heavy rain cases, whereas GK-2A underestimated no rain and heavy rain cases and overestimated light rain occurrence. It is also found that all examined QPEs captured the temporal variation of precipitation during storm events, while FY-based products overestimated heavy precipitation peaks and GK-2A underestimated peak precipitation. The findings in the study provided valuable information to further improve current infrared precipitation retrieval algorithms.
The EDGE-CALIFA Survey: Interferometric Observations of 126 Galaxies with CARMA
Creators: name: Bolatto, Alberto D.
name: Wong, Tony
name: Utomo, Dyas
name: Blitz, Leo
name: Vogel, Stuart N.
name: Sánchez, Sebastián F.
name: Barrera-Ballesteros, Jorge
name: Cao, Yixian
name: Colombo, Dario
name: Dannerbauer, Helmut
name: García-Benito, Rubén
name: Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo
name: Husemann, Bernd
name: Kalinova, Veselina
name: Leroy, Adam K.
name: Leung, Gigi
name: Levy, Rebecca C.
name: Mast, Damián
name: Ostriker, Eve
name: Rosolowsky, Erik
name: Sandstrom, Karin M.
name: Teuben, Peter
name: van de Ven, Glenn
name: Walter, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present interferometric CO observations made with the Combined Array for Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA) of galaxies from the Extragalactic Database for Galaxy Evolution survey (EDGE). These galaxies are selected from the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area (CALIFA) sample, mapped with optical integral field spectroscopy. EDGE provides good quality CO data (3$σ$ sensitivity $Σ_{\rm mol}$ $\sim$ 11 M$_\odot$ pc$^{-2}$ before inclination correction, resolution $\sim1.4$ kpc) for 126 galaxies, constituting the largest interferometric CO survey of galaxies in the nearby universe. We describe the survey, the data characteristics, the data products, and present initial science results. We find that the exponential scale-lengths of the molecular, stellar, and star-forming disks are approximately equal, and galaxies that are more compact in molecular gas than in stars tend to show signs of interaction. We characterize the molecular to stellar ratio as a function of Hubble type and stellar mass, present preliminary results on the resolved relations between the molecular gas, stars, and star formation rate, and discuss the dependence of the resolved molecular depletion time on stellar surface density, nebular extinction, and gas metallicity. EDGE provides a key dataset to address outstanding topics regarding gas and its role in star formation and galaxy evolution, which will be publicly available on completion of the quality assessment.
description: Accepted by ApJ, 50 pp including figures
Escala de valoració d'un diari d'aprenentatge
Creators: name: De Haro, J.J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: escala de valoració
diari d'aprenentatge

description: Una escala de valoració simple d'un diari d'aprenentatge. Inclou una versió per a importar des de Google Classroom
Perceived use of learning toys to enhance creativity among Lower basic education learners in Nigeria.pdf
Creators: name: Orji, Evelyn   Ijeoma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Over the years studies have investigated how to help learners develop creative ability as in mindset, an imaginative way of thinking and a proactive approach to finding a new solution to problems. Therefore educators believe that acquisition of creativity is important for every day living..
The Eccentric Kozai-Lidov mechanism for Outer Test Particle
Creators: name: Naoz, Smadar
name: Li, Gongjie
name: Zanardi, Macarena
name: de Elía, Gonzalo Carlos
name: Di Sisto, Romina P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The secular approximation of the hierarchical three body systems has been proven to be very useful in addressing many astrophysical systems, from planets, stars to black holes. In such a system two objects are on a tight orbit, and the tertiary is on a much wider orbit. Here we study the dynamics of a system by taking the tertiary mass to zero and solve the hierarchical three body system up to the octupole level of approximation. We find a rich dynamics that the outer orbit undergoes due to gravitational perturbations from the inner binary. The nominal result of the precession of the nodes is mostly limited for the lowest order of approximation, however, when the octupole-level of approximation is introduced the system becomes chaotic, as expected, and the tertiary oscillates below and above 90deg, similarly to the non-test particle flip behavior (e.g., Naoz 2016). We provide the Hamiltonian of the system and investigate the dynamics of the system from the quadrupole to the octupole level of approximations. We also analyze the chaotic and quasi-periodic orbital evolution by studying the surfaces of sections. Furthermore, including general relativity, we show case the long term evolution of individual debris disk particles under the influence of a far away interior eccentric planet. We show that this dynamics can naturally result in retrograde objects and a puffy disk after a long timescale evolution (few Gyr) for initially aligned configuration.
description: accepted to AJ, 11 pages 12 figures
Filtering ground noise from LiDAR returns produces inferior models of forest aboveground biomass in heterogenous landscapes
Creators: name: Mahoney, Michael J
name: Johnson, Lucas K
name: Bevilacqua, Eddie
name: Beier, Colin M
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Airborne LiDAR has become an essential data source for large-scale, high-resolution modeling of forest aboveground biomass and carbon stocks, enabling predictions with much higher resolution and accuracy than can be achieved using optical imagery alone. Ground noise filtering – that is, excluding returns from LiDAR point clouds based on simple height thresholds – is a common practice meant to improve the `signal’ content of LiDAR returns by preventing ground returns from masking useful information about tree size and condition contained within canopy returns. However, ground returns may be helpful for making accurate aboveground biomass predictions in heterogeneous landscapes that include a patchy mosaic of vegetation heights and land cover types. In this paper, we applied several ground noise filtering thresholds while mapping forest AGB across New York State (USA), a heterogenous landscape composed of both contiguously forested and highly fragmented areas with mixed land cover types. We fit random forest models to predictor sets derived from each filtering intensity threshold and compared model accuracies, paying attention to how changes in accuracy correlated with landscape structure. We observed that removing ground noise via any height threshold systematically biases many of the LiDAR-derived variables used in AGB modeling, with mean correlation (Spearman’s ρ) between variables increasing from 0.183 to 0.266. We found that that ground noise filtering yields models of forest AGB with lower accuracy than models trained using predictors derived from unfiltered point clouds, with RMSE increasing by up to 2.2 Mg ha-1 statewide. Although we only modeled AGB for forest cover types, models fit to predictors derived from filtered point clouds performed worse as landscape heterogeneity (as measured by patch density and edge density) increased, suggesting ground returns are particularly useful when modeling edge forests. Our results suggest that ground filtering should be a carefully considered decision when mapping forest AGB, particularly when mapping heterogeneous and highly fragmented landscapes, as ground returns are more likely to represent useful `signal’ than extraneous `noise’ in these cases.
Model-driven estimation of closed and open shrublands live fuel moisture content
Creators: name: Lai, Gengke
name: Quan, Xingwen
name: Yebra, Marta
name: He, Binbin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Live fuel moisture content (LFMC) is a crucial variable affecting the ignition potential of shrublands. Different remote sensing-based models (either empirical or physical) have been adopted to estimate LFMC in shrublands but with mixed success potentially owing to differences in vegetation cover (closed vs. open shrublands). This study aimed to evaluate and discuss LFMC estimation in open and closed shrublands using different remote sensing approaches. For each case, three broadly used radiative transfer models (RTMs) (PROSAILH, PROGeoSail, and PROACRM), and two empirical models were selected and compared. The empirical models were calibrated by a stepwise regression approach using a spectral index (SI) and its normalized form (SImax-min). Results showed that both RTMs and empirical models performed well in retrieving LFMC of closed shrublands (RTMs: R2 = 0.60–0.66, RMSE = 14.96–18.51%, bias = −5.99–4.36%, and empirical models: R2 = 0.69–0.72, RMSE = 10.67–11.30%, bias = 0.18–0.35%). However, all RTMs failed to retrieve LFMC for open shrublands (R2 = 0.01–0.09, RMSE = 45.21–48.66%, bias = 9.76–14.75%) potentially due to the high heterogeneity of vegetation in this vegetation type. In contrast, the SImax-min-based model outperformed the RTMs for the open shrublands LFMC estimation (R2 = 0.44, RMSE = 32.32%, bias = −0.34%) but saturated at high LFMC values (> 120%). In conclusion, PROACRM and the empirical model using SImax-min as an explanatory variable are recommended to model closed and open shrublands LFMC, respectively. This study gives insights into developing effective models for improving shrubland LFMC estimation by considering various fractions of covers of shrublands that were not previously considered.
A Bayesian Heteroscedastic GLM with Application to fMRI Data with Motion Spikes
Creators: name: Eklund, Anders
name: Lindquist, Martin A.
name: Villani, Mattias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a voxel-wise general linear model with autoregressive noise and heteroscedastic noise innovations (GLMH) for analyzing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. The model is analyzed from a Bayesian perspective and has the benefit of automatically down-weighting time points close to motion spikes in a data-driven manner. We develop a highly efficient Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm that allows for Bayesian variable selection among the regressors to model both the mean (i.e., the design matrix) and variance. This makes it possible to include a broad range of explanatory variables in both the mean and variance (e.g., time trends, activation stimuli, head motion parameters and their temporal derivatives), and to compute the posterior probability of inclusion from the MCMC output. Variable selection is also applied to the lags in the autoregressive noise process, making it possible to infer the lag order from the data simultaneously with all other model parameters. We use both simulated data and real fMRI data from OpenfMRI to illustrate the importance of proper modeling of heteroscedasticity in fMRI data analysis. Our results show that the GLMH tends to detect more brain activity, compared to its homoscedastic counterpart, by allowing the variance to change over time depending on the degree of head motion.
Structural interactions in ionic liquids linked to higher order Poisson-Boltzmann equations
Creators: name: Blossey, R.
name: Maggs, A. C.
name: Podgornik, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a derivation of generalized Poisson-Boltzmann equations starting {from} classical theories of binary fluid mixtures, employing an approach based on the Legendre transform as recently applied to the case of local descriptions of the fluid free energy. Under specific symmetry assumptions, and in the linearized regime, the Poisson-Boltzmann equation reduces to a phenomenological equation introduced by (Bazant et al., 2011), whereby the structuring near the surface is determined by bulk coefficients.
description: 6 pages
MPEC 2023-P63 : 2018 RC8
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Satellite flood detection integrating hydrogeomorphic and spectral indices
Creators: name: Samela, Caterina
name: Coluzzi, Rosa
name: Imbrenda, Vito
name: Manfreda, Salvatore
name: Lanfredi, Maria
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Satellite remote sensing is a highly valuable data source useful in the monitoring of surface water dynamics and an essential tool in flood risk management although several factors can interfere with the detection of water features. This study explores an approach that integrates satellite optical images and DEM-based hydrogeomorphic features to enhance real‐time identification of river flooding. Spectral indices, namely MNDWI and the combination of NDWI/NDTI, were taken from Sentinel-2 images and used to detect flooded areas, while DEMs were used to identify areas more exposed to river flooding using the Geomorphic Flood Index. The integration/overlapping of these layers allowed us to refine the final map with a significant detection improvement compared to those based exclusively on the segmentation of a spectral index. The proposed integrated approach was tested in five areas of the Piave river (Northern Italy) where a flooding event caused by the Vaia storm took place in October 2018. Results have been evaluated against reference maps produced manually in five selected areas, demonstrating good capabilities of the proposed procedure (mean accuracy 0.90), significantly reducing false alarms (Matthews Correlation Coefficient improvements among 0.02–0.43 in 4 out of 5 areas). The key advantages of such a procedure are the rapid application and the free and easy availability of the data that, in turn, allow for the investigation of large areas in the aftermath of an event.
Escala de valoració d'un diari d'aprenentatge
Creators: name: De Haro, J.J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: escala de valoració
diari d'aprenentatge

description: Escala de valoració simple d'un diari d'aprenentatge: Format ELP per editar amb eXeLearning: Avaluació_del_diari_d'aprenentatge.elp Format ODS per importar a Google Classroom: Escala de valoració del diari d'aprenentatge (versió Classroom) Format ODS per emplenar manualment: Escala de valoració del diari d'aprenentatge.ods
Addressing the missing matter problem in galaxies through a new fundamental gravitational radius
Creators: name: Capozziello, S.
name: Jovanović, P.
name: Jovanović, V. Borka
name: Borka, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the existence of a Noether symmetry in $f(R)$ theories of gravity gives rise to a further gravitational radius, besides the standard Schwarzschild one, determining the dynamics at galactic scales. By this feature, it is possible to explain the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation and the rotation curve of gas-rich galaxies without the dark matter hypothesis.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, to be published in JCAP
Replication of study 1 of Segura et al. (2002)
Creators: name: Chandrashekar, Subramanya Prasad
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Temporal order effect
subject: Counterfactual thinking
subject: Temporality effect

description: This project's aim is to test if the predominant tendency people have to consider the second event in an independent two-event sequence more mutable than the first, also occurs for sequences of four independent events.
Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics and Steady State Density Matrix for Quantum Open Systems
Creators: name: Ness, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the generic model of a finite-size quantum electron system connected to two (temperature and particle) reservoirs. The quantum open system is driven out of equilibrium by the presence of both a temperature and a chemical potential differences between the two reservoirs. The nonequilibrium (NE) thermodynamical properties of such a quantum open system are studied for the steady state regime. In such a regime, the corresponding NE density matrix is built on the so-called generalised Gibbs ensembles. From different expressions of the NE density matrix, we can identify the terms related to the entropy production in the system. We show, for a simple model, that the entropy production rate is always a positive quantity. Alternative expressions for the entropy production are also obtained from the Gibbs-von Neumann conventional formula and discussed in detail. Our results corroborate and expand earlier works found in the literature.
description: published in Entropy 19, 158 (2007)
Semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory for multi-Weyl semimetals
Creators: name: Park, Sanghyun
name: Woo, Seungchan
name: Mele, E. J.
name: Min, Hongki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-Weyl semimetals (m-WSMs) are a new type of Weyl semimetal that have linear dispersion along one symmetry direction but anisotropic non-linear dispersion along the two transverse directions with a topological charge larger than one. Using the Boltzmann transport theory and fully incorporating the anisotropy of the system, we study the DC conductivity as a function of carrier density and temperature. We find that the characteristic density and temperature dependence of the transport coefficients at the level of Boltzmann theory are controlled by the topological charge of the multi-Weyl point and distinguish m-WSMs from their linear Weyl counterparts.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures + supplementary material (10 pages)
Cross-symmetric dipolar-matter-wave solitons in double-well chains
Creators: name: Fan, Zhiwei
name: Shi, Yuhan
name: Liu, Yan
name: Pang, Wei
name: Li, Yongyao
name: Malomed, Boris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in an array of two-well systems with an arbitrary orientations of the dipoles relative to the system's axis. The system can be built as a chain of local traps sliced into two parallel lattices by a repelling laser sheet. It is modelled by a pair of coupled discrete Gross-Pitaevskii equations, with dipole-dipole self- and cross-interactions. When the dipoles are not polarized perpendicular or parallel to the lattice, the cross-interaction is asymmetric, replacing the familiar symmetric two-component discrete solitons by two new species of cross-symmetric ones, on-site- and off-site-centered, which are strongly affected by the orientation of the dipoles and separation between the parallel lattices. A very narrow region of intermediate asymmetric discrete solitons is found at the boundary between the on- and off-site families. Two different types of solitons in the $\mathcal{PT}$%-symmetric version of the system are constructed too, and stability areas are identified for them.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, 72 References, Physical Review E, in press
The key challenges towards the effective implementation of digital transformation in the mining industry
Creators: name: Abdellah, Wael R.
name: Kim, Jong-Gwan
name: Hassan, Mohamed M.A.
name: Ali, Mahrous A. M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Digital transformation (DT) is defined as a strategy for boosting mining assets by attempting significant changes to of own properties through the integration of communication, data computing, and property technologies. Making large-scale changes will be difficult with digital technology, especially if the business is not well-positioned to do so. Increasing cybersecurity protection levels is the most effective way to ensure the success of the transformation. When making significant changes, a clear digital vision should be outlined and implemented with strong leadership. However, the majority of digital transformation initiatives fail before they are completed. The problem does not just affect the mining industry. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the major challenges encountered in digital transformation projects and to propose a strategic solution for implementing and scaling digital initiatives.
The use of multisource spatial data for determining the proliferation of stingless bees in Kenya
Creators: name: Makori, David Masereti
name: Abdel-Rahman, Elfatih M.
name: Ndungu, Nelly
name: Odindi, John
name: Mutanga, Onisimo
name: Landmann, Tobias
name: Tonnang, Henri E. Z.
name: Kiatoko, Nkoba
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Stingless/meliponine bees are eusocial insects whose polylactic nature enables interaction with a wide variety of wild plants and crops that enhance pollination and, hence, support ecosystem services. However, their true potential regarding pollination services and honey production is yet to be fully recognized. Worldwide, there are over 800 species of meliponine bees, with over 20 species documented on the African continent. Out of these, only 12 species have been well documented in Kenya. Moreover, interest on meliponine bees has increased amid climate change, agricultural intensification, and other anthropogenic effects. Generally, stingless bees are under-researched, with no previous documented evidence of their ecological niche (EN) distribution in most African countries. Hence, this study sought to establish the influence of bioclimatic, topographic, and vegetation phenology on their spatial distribution and change patterns. Stingless response variables from 490 sample points were collected and used in conjunction with 11 non-conflating features to build stingless ecological niche models. Six machine learning-based EN models were used to predict the distribution of seven stingless bees’ species combined. The results from the EN models showed that annual precipitation was the most influential variable to stingless bee distribution (contributing 43.09% logit), while potential evapotranspiration and temperature seasonality contributed 21.18% of the information needed to predict the spatial distribution of stingless bees. Vegetation phenology (21.36%) and topography (14.36%) had moderate effect on stingless bees’ distribution. On the other hand, high seasonality in precipitation and temperature indicated high stingless niche variability in the future (i.e. 2055). The performance of six EN algorithms used to predict distribution of stingless bees was found to be “excellent” for random forest (true skills statistics (TSS) = 0.91) and ranger (TSS = 0.90) and “good” for generalized additive models (TSS = 0.87), multivariate adaptive regression spline (TSS = 0.80), and boosted regression trees (TSS = 0.80), while they were “fair” for recursive portioning and regression trees (TSS = 0.79). These EN models could be utilized to inform stingless bee farming and insects pollinated crops by highlighting regions that provide highly suitable conditions for stingless bees. Additionally, the findings could be harnessed to increase both bee and agricultural productivity and forest conservation efforts through supplementary pollination services.
Scattering below ground state of 3D focusing cubic fractional Schordinger equation with radial data
Creators: name: Sun, Chenmin
name: Wang, Hua
name: Yao, Xiaohua
name: Zheng, Jiqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The aim of this note is to adapt the strategy in [4][See,B.Dodson, J.Murphy, a new proof of scattering below the ground state for the 3D radial focusing cubic NLS, arXiv:1611.04195 ] to prove the scattering of radial solutions below sharp threshold for certain focusing fractional NLS with cubic nonlinearity. The main ingredient is to apply the fractional virial identity proved in [11][See,T.Boulenger, D.Himmelsbach,E.Lenzmann, Blow up for fractional NLS,J.Func.Anal,271(2016),2569-2603] to exclude the concentration of mass near the origin.
description: This version is an extension of the last version by the first and fourth author, where the dimensional case $d=3$ is treated
An experimental study on oscillating behaviour of the radiation spectrum of self-sustained biomass flames at different thermal loads
Creators: name: Özer, Burak
name: Kneer, Reinhold
name: Maßmeyer, Anna Lisa
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2023

description: 4. International Workshop on Oxy-Fuel Combustion, Naples, Italy, 22 Mar 2023 - 23 Mar 2023