cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Summoning The Body That Acts
Creators: name: McCauley, Brendan M
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: Seven series of artworks; painted, drawn and performed. These works are presented as affective incorporation exercises, that test modes of aesthetic communication in response to varying political contingencies. The constitutive processes used to develop the work also function as a methodology for my own political radicalization. As an artist I am wagering how to talk, as an activist I am preparing to act. The artworks discussed occur at the crossroads of these desires as enactions of futurity within the subjunctive mood.
Experimental Status of Photon Photon into Baryon Antibaryon Pairs
Creators: name: Barillari, Teresa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exclusive production of baryon antibaryon pairs in the collisions of two quasi-real photons have been studied in different experiments at e+e- colliders. Results are presented for the processes gamma gamma to proton antiproton and gamma gamma to lambda antilambda. The cross-section measurements are compared with the recent analytic calculations based on the quark-diquark model predictions. Monte Carlo studies have been done to investigate the PEP-N expectations for the gamma gamma to proton antiproton process.
description: Invited talk at "E+ E- Physics at Intermediate Energies Workshop", SLAC, Stanford, 30 April - 2 May 2001, (W02) 6 pages LaTeX
IRON SIGNALING IN ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA
Creators: name: Abundis, Celina
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: Iron is among the essential micronutrients for all living organisms and is a cofactor for many cellular redox reactions. Although iron is a highly abundant metal element found in the earth’s crust, it is also a limiting factor in plant development when it is present as insoluble ferric oxides. Plants have evolved two strategies to acquire soluble iron referred to as Strategy I and Strategy II. Our lab has focused on the Arabidopsis thaliana double mutant ysl1ysl3. The mutants display a chlorotic phenotype and are unable to correctly respond to iron deficiency.
Grafting is a common method for joining different plant tissues and has been used for studies of long distance signaling. Past studies of iron signaling in Arabidopsis have not been able to provide a mechanism for how plants are able to signal the iron status of the shoot, where iron demand is high, to roots, where iron uptake occurs. The iron signaling experiments included in this thesis follow a seedling-graft approach to understand if grafts are capable of properly sensing iron.
A longstanding question of iron homeostasis in plants is the identity of the iron sensors in plants. It was hypothesized that YSL1 and YSL3 have both a transporter function and a receptor function, and therefore function as transceptors. In our predicted model it was proposed that YSL1 and/or YSL3 are directly involved in iron status signaling either in perception and/or transmission of the signal. As evidenced through seedling grafting experiments here, YSLs play a critical part of long distance signaling that plant shoots use to signal their iron status to the roots. In this thesis, YSL1 and YSL3 are shown to be required in the shoots in order for signaling to occur correctly in the roots. To facilitate the analysis of gene expression in the grafts, a FRO3promoter:GUS construct was used in the Col-O WT background. The FRO3 promoter was selected because it is expressed in both leaves and roots under iron deficiency. Experiments showed that the genotype of the shoot used in the grafts is critical for Fe-deficiency induced gene expression in the roots. Thus, grafting has revealed that root iron deficiency responses require YSL1 and YSL3 in leaves for signal transmission. This directly links them to long-distance signaling, and supports the idea that these proteins could be acting as transceptors.
Multiple decisions about one object involve parallel sensory acquisition but time-multiplexed evidence incorporation
Creators: name: Kang, Yul HR
name: Löffler, Anne
name: Jeurissen, Danique
name: Zylberberg, Ariel
name: Wolpert, Daniel M
name: Shadlen, Michael N
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article
Neuroscience
decision making
motion perception
reaction time
psychophysics
visual attention
Human

description: Funder: Howard Hughes Medical Institute; FundRef: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000011
description: The brain is capable of processing several streams of information that bear on different aspects of the same problem. Here, we address the problem of making two decisions about one object, by studying difficult perceptual decisions about the color and motion of a dynamic random dot display. We find that the accuracy of one decision is unaffected by the difficulty of the other decision. However, the response times reveal that the two decisions do not form simultaneously. We show that both stimulus dimensions are acquired in parallel for the initial ∼0.1 s but are then incorporated serially in time-multiplexed bouts. Thus, there is a bottleneck that precludes updating more than one decision at a time, and a buffer that stores samples of evidence while access to the decision is blocked. We suggest that this bottleneck is responsible for the long timescales of many cognitive operations framed as decisions.
The neutrinoless double $β$ decay and the neutrino mass hierarchy
Creators: name: Haba, Naoyuki
name: Suzuki, Tomoharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently the evidence of the neutrinoless double $β$ ($0νββ$) decay has been announced. This means that neutrinos are Majorana particles and their mass hierarchy is forced to certain patterns in the diagonal basis of charged lepton mass matrix. We estimate the magnitude of $0νββ$ decay in the classification of the neutrino mass hierarchy patterns as Type A, $m_{1,2} \ll m_{3}$, Type B, $m_1 \sim m_2 \gg m_3$, and Type C, $m_1 \sim m_2 \sim m_3$, where $m_{i}$ is the $i$-th generation neutrino absolute mass. The data of $0νββ$ decay experiment suggests the neutrino mass hierarchy pattern should be Type B or C. Type B predicts a small magnitude of $0νββ$ decay which is just edge of the allowed region of experimental value in $95% \mathrm{c.l.}$, where Majorana CP phases should be in a certain parameter region. Type C can induce the suitably large amount of $0νββ$ decay which is consistent with the experimental data, where overall scale of degenerate neutrino mass plays a crucial role, and its large value can induce the large $0νββ$ decay in any parameter regions of Majorana CP phases.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, LaTeX
MOESM11 of Human mesenchymal stromal cells broadly modulate high glucose-induced inflammatory responses of renal proximal tubular cell monolayers
Creators: name: Md Islam
name: TomÃ¡S Griffin
name: Sander, Elizabeth
name: Rocks, Stephanie
name: Junaid Qazi
name: Cabral, Joana
name: McCaul, Jasmin
name: McMorrow, Tara
name: Griffin, Matthew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 11: Table S4. List of DEGs with significant Fold Changes in Mannitol vs Control.
LHC bounds on coloured scalars
Creators: name: Miralles, Víctor
name: Pich, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the constraints on coloured scalar bosons imposed by the current LHC data at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV. Specifically, we consider an additional electroweak doublet of colour-octet scalars, satisfying the principle of Minimal Flavour Violation in order to fulfill the stringent experimental limits on flavour-changing neutral currents. We demonstrate that coloured scalars with masses below 800 GeV are already excluded, provided they are not fermiophobic.
description: Version published at Physical Review D
Musulmans de Côte d'Ivoire à l'époque coloniale (1900-1960). Un monde de karamokos.
Creators: name: Jean-Louis Triaud
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Côte d'Ivoire, Islam; West African History, karamokos

description: Depuis les années 1970, l’islam, devenu première religion du pays par le nombre de fidèles, a fait irruption sur la scène publique en Côte d’Ivoire. Dans un État initialement dirigé par des élites christianisées venues du centre et du sud du pays, l’islam avait d’abord été considéré comme un phénomène périphérique, voire étranger. Longtemps perçus comme des citoyens de seconde zone, les musulmans ont alors pris, à la faveur de la conjoncture internationale et de l’émergence de leaders modernes, toute leur place dans la société ivoirienne. La crise politique récente (2010-2011) a donné une nouvelle importance à cette présence musulmane. Au nom de l’ « ivoirité », l’appartenance nationale de ceux qualifiés de « Dioulas », terme aux significations évolutives ciblant désormais les ressortissants islamisés, ou supposés tels, originaires du nord et des pays voisins, a été remise en question. Face à de telles divisions, l’histoire peut offrir un terrain de dialogue. Qui pourrait écrire l’histoire de la Côte d’Ivoire en éliminant les belles heures de Kong et de Bondoukou, et même celles, plus sombres, de Samori ? Qu’ils fussent conquérants ou hommes de paix, karamokos (lettrés en arabe), militants et combattantes de l’indépendance, tous ces personnages musulmans que nous avons croisés dans cette enquête prennent place dans la mémoire du pays. Cet ouvrage est le résultat d’une longue maturation. Il est né d’enquêtes orales menées dans les années 1970, d’un dépouillement progressif des archives et de l’historiographie disponibles, y compris des travaux plus récents d’une nouvelle génération de chercheurs ivoiriens. Ce sont des sources de cycles et de genres différents que nous avons soumis à un travail de vérification et de confrontation. Nous reprenons aussi, de façon critique, le chantier ouvert par l’ouvrage de Paul Marty, Études sur l’islam en Côte d’Ivoire (1922), dont le contenu était tributaire des méthodes et du langage de l’époque. La présence des musulmans en Côte d’Ivoire étant inséparable de l’histoire sociale et politique du pays, nous procédons, à la faveur de cette enquête, à un parcours guidé à travers l’histoire ivoirienne, en ses différents terroirs. Nous avons cherché, en même temps, à montrer comment l’époque coloniale représente, pour la question musulmane, un moment de latence pendant lequel se sont préparées les évolutions contemporaines.
MOESM1 of Room4Birth - the effect of an adaptable birthing room on labour and birth outcomes for nulliparous women at term with spontaneous labour start: study protocol for a randomised controlled superiority trial in Sweden
Creators: name: Berg, Marie
name: Goldkuhl, Lisa
name: Nilsson, Christina
name: Wijk, Helle
name: Gyllensten, Hanna
name: Lindahl, Göran
name: Moberg, Kerstin Uvnäs
name: Begley, Cecily
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents.
Minimal self-interacting dark matter models with light mediator
Creators: name: Hambye, Thomas
name: Vanderheyden, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light mediator scenario of self-interacting dark matter is strongly constrained in many ways. After summarizing the various constraints, we discuss minimal options and models which allow to nevertheless satisfy all these constraints. One straightforward possibility arises if the dark matter and light mediator particles have a temperature sizably smaller than the SM particles. Another simple possibility arises if dark matter doesn't annihilate dominantly into a pair of light mediators but into heavier particles. Both possibilities are discussed with scalar as well as vector boson light mediators. Further possibilities, such as with a hierarchy of quartic scalar couplings, are also identified.
description: 23 pages, 31 figures, accepted for publication in JCAP
Correlation functions near Modulated and Rough Surfaces
Creators: name: Hanke, Andreas
name: Kardar, Mehran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a system with long-ranged correlations, the behavior of correlation functions is sensitive to the presence of a boundary. We show that surface deformations strongly modify this behavior as compared to a flat surface. The modified near surface correlations can be measured by scattering probes. To determine these correlations, we develop a perturbative calculation in the deformations in height from a flat surface. Detailed results are given for a regularly patterned surface, as well as for a self-affinely rough surface with roughness exponent $ζ$. By combining this perturbative calculation in height deformations with the field-theoretic renormalization group approach, we also estimate the values of critical exponents governing the behavior of the decay of correlation functions near a self-affinely rough surface. We find that for the interacting theory, a large enough $ζ$ can lead to novel surface critical behavior. We also provide scaling relations between roughness induced critical exponents for thermodynamic surface quantities.
description: 31 pages, 2 figures
MOESM10 of Human mesenchymal stromal cells broadly modulate high glucose-induced inflammatory responses of renal proximal tubular cell monolayers
Creators: name: Md Islam
name: TomÃ¡S Griffin
name: Sander, Elizabeth
name: Rocks, Stephanie
name: Junaid Qazi
name: Cabral, Joana
name: McCaul, Jasmin
name: McMorrow, Tara
name: Griffin, Matthew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 10: Table S3. List of DEGs with significant Fold Changes in High-Glucose vs Control.
Light Yield of Perovskite Nanocrystal-Doped Liquid Scintillator
Creators: name: Graham, Eleanor
name: Gooding, Diana
name: Gruszko, Julieta
name: Grant, Christopher
name: Naranjo, Brian
name: Winslow, Lindley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future generations of liquid scintillator neutrino experiments will require stably loading tons of candidate isotopes into kiloton-scale detectors, representing a significant chemical challenge. Nanoparticles containing the candidate isotopes provide a promising method for this loading. Additionally, the unique optical properties of nanoparticles can enhance detection and background discrimination. Perovskite nanocrystals are particularly attractive due to the reliability of their crystal structure and their easily-scalable synthesis. We present here the first study of lead-based perovskite nanocrystals for this application.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, submitted for publication in JINST. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1807.06634
Additional file 9: of RNA sequencing-based longitudinal transcriptomic profiling gives novel insights into the disease mechanism of generalized pustular psoriasis
Creators: name: Wang, Lingyan
name: Yu, Xiaoling
name: Wu, Chao
name: Zhu, Teng
name: Wang, Wenming
name: Zheng, Xiaofeng
name: Jin, Hongzhong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S5. Gene expression heatmaps for DEGs enriched in cell cycle regulation and cytokine signaling pathways. Heatmaps of expression ratios and z-scores for the “Mitotic Roles of Polo-like Kinase” (panel A), “Cyclins and the Cell Cycle Regulation” (panel B) and “Role of IL-17A in Psoriasis” (panel C) pathways. The z-scores were calculated using the IPA z-score algorithm and predicted direction of change for the function. (PDF 152 kb)
Comparison of hip and wrist accelerometers in a pre-adolescent population in free-living and semi-structured physical activity
Creators: name: ahmadi, matthew
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: PURPOSE: The primary aim of this study was to examine the accuracy of a hip (Evenson algorithm) and wrist-worn (Crouter algorithm) accelerometer in assessing time spent in different intensity categories in pre-adolescent girls during semi-structured dance classes using direct observation (D.O.) as the criterion measure. The secondary aim of this study was to examine the validity of a wrist-worn accelerometer for dichotomizing pre-adolescent girls as meeting or not meeting different preselected doses of moderate-to-vigorous PA compared to the hip-worn accelerometer. METHODS: Data were collected and analyzed on a total of 6 participants (age = 10.22 ± 2.38) for the primary aim. Additionally, data was collected and analyzed on a total of 20 participants (age = 8.6 ± 1.6) for the secondary aim. RESULTS: Compared to D.O., the wrist-worn accelerometer was inaccurate in measuring time spent in light PA, vigorous PA and MVPA. Additionally, the hip-worn accelerometer was inaccurate in measuring time spent in sedentary time, light PA, vigorous PA and total PA. Further, for the secondary aim, there was a significant difference between device location and meeting PA dosage for three days and five days. CONCLUSION: Traditional accelerometer algorithms rely on the activity count cut-point method which provides mixed to poor results of activity intensity classification regardless of wear location. Future research should move away from the activity count cut-point method and aim to develop algorithms that use more of the rich data available from the accelerometers’ acceleration signal.
Primeval India : An Eloquent Testimony of Rain Water Harvesting
Creators: name: Garg, Rishabh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Pre-historic India, Roof-top water harvesting, Urban water supply, Sewage system

description: The Indus Valley Civilization, that flourished along the banks of the river Indus and other parts of western and northern India about 5,000 years ago, had one of the most sophisticated urban water supply and sewage systems in the world. The fact that the people were well acquainted with hygiene could be seen from the covered drains running beneath the streets of the ruins at both Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa. Another great example is the well-planned city of Dholavira, on Khadir Bet, a low plateau in the Rann in Gujarat. One of the oldest water harvesting systems is found about 130 km from Pune along Naneghat in the Western Ghats. A large number of tanks were cut in the rocks to provide drinking water to tradesmen who used to travel along this ancient trade route. Each fort in the area had its own water harvesting and storage system in the form of rock-cut cisterns, ponds, tanks and wells that are still in use today. A large number of forts like Raigad had tanks that supplied water.
 In ancient times, houses in parts of western Rajasthan were built so that each had a rooftop water harvesting system. Rainwater from these rooftops was directed into underground tanks. This system can be seen even today in all the forts, palaces and houses of the region. Underground baked earthen pipes and tunnels to maintain the flow of water and to transport it to distant places, are still functional at Burhanpur in Madhya Pradesh, Golkunda and Bijapur in Karnataka, and Aurangabad in Maharashtra.
Factors Influencing Household Outdoor Residential Water Use Decisions in Suburban Boston (USA)
Creators: name: Argo, Emily E
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: Water withdrawals for human use can reduce water in lakes and streams, with significant consequences for aquatic biota. Urbanization, particularly large lawn areas associated with low-density residential development, increases demand on freshwater resources. Outdoor water use accounts for the largest proportion of residential water use during the summer months, which corresponds to the lowest water levels in freshwater ecosystems. Prior studies have sought to understand property features associated with the highest water use; however, these studies do not consider other types of water use nor do they capture the decisions by residents that result in outdoor water use. Understanding these decisions is critical for developing policies and education tools that reduce outdoor water use by changing people’s water use behavior. Focusing on the Ipswich River Watershed, which has been impacted by extreme low flows due to water withdrawals, a mixed-methods approach was used to understand residents’ outdoor water use and the factors influencing the amount and timing of water use. To quantify water use meters were placed on outdoor spigots at residences, participants were provided with a written survey before and after water metering, and in-person interviews were conducted. Irrigation systems used the most water; however, garden watering occurred as frequently as lawn irrigation and many participants indicated that their garden was a primary factor in water use decisions. Participants’ water use decisions fell into categories from habitual (i.e., watering at the same time of day) to purely cognitive (i.e., watering based on weather and plant needs). While many participants felt that water conservation was necessary, their willingness to implement landscape-level conservation practices, such as rain barrels, did not differ from participants who believed water conservation was unnecessary. Interestingly, many residents reduced their outdoor water use behavior and increased their concern for other environmental issues in response to study participation. To have the greatest impact on overall water use, efforts should focus on residents running irrigation systems on a schedule. Outreach should emphasize individualized approaches to water conservation, regardless of water source (public or private), and include information and conservation options specific to the water needs of the individual property.
The Quantum Origins of Non-Topological Vortices
Creators: name: Turner, Carl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some unusual facts about the theory of non-relativistic anyons in 2+1 dimensions, and use it as a laboratory to explore how interesting features of non-relativistic field theory correspond to those of many-body quantum mechanics. In particular, we offer an explanation of how Jackiw-Pi vortices arise as the classical limit of certain many-body states in the quantum mechanical theory. Along the way, we make various interesting observations about universal features of the spectrum of anyons subject to different amounts of tuning.
description: 25 pages + 2 appendices (v2: small corrections, submitted version)
Co-specific investment and integration in the agrifood chain
Creators: name: Feng, Li
name: Karantininis, Kostas
name: Feng, Li
name: Karantininis, Kostas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: holdup
subject: co-specific investment
subject: Shapley value
subject: innovation
subject: integration

description: We develop a holdup model where multiple parties in the food chain (input suppliers, farmers, and buyers of the produce) invest in co-specific assets necessary for an innovative product. Shapley value is used in a multilateral bargaining game to assign bargaining power to the players, which correspondingly determines the surplus division.The conditions under which holdup is avoided and Pareto improving exchange will obtain are demonstrated. Two market responses to the holdup problem are considered. One is partial redistribution of specific investment costs serving as a credible commitment. The other is vertical/lateral integration, which changes the distribution of bargaining power.
Dynamic functional connectivity and its anatomical substrate reveal treatment outcome in first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhe
name: Zhuo, Kaiming
name: Xiang, Qiang
name: Sun, Yi
name: Suckling, John
name: Wang, Jinhong
name: Liu, Dengtang
name: Sun, Yu
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/692/699/476/1799
/692/53/2421
/59/36
article

description: Funder: Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2020FZZX001-05, 2019FZJD005) and Zhejiang Lab (2019KE0AD01)
description: Abstract: Convergent evidence has suggested a significant effect of antipsychotic exposure on brain structure and function in patients with schizophrenia, yet the characteristics of favorable treatment outcome remains largely unknown. In this work, we aimed to examine how large-scale brain networks are modulated by antipsychotic treatment, and whether the longitudinal changes could track the improvements of psychopathologic scores. Thirty-four patients with first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia and 28 matched healthy controls were recruited at baseline from Shanghai Mental Health Center. After 8 weeks of antipsychotic treatment, 24 patients were re-scanned. Through a systematical dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) analysis, we investigated the schizophrenia-related intrinsic alterations of dFC at baseline, followed by a longitudinal study to examine the influence of antipsychotic treatment on these abnormalities by comparing patients at baseline and follow-up. A structural connectivity (SC) association analysis was further carried out to investigate longitudinal anatomical changes that underpin the alterations of dFC. We found a significant symptomatic improvement-related increase in the occurrence of a dFC state characterized by stronger inter-network integration. Furthermore, symptom reduction was correlated with increased FC variability in a unique connectomic signature, particularly in the connections within the default mode network and between the auditory, cognitive control, and cerebellar network to other networks. Additionally, we observed that the SC between the superior frontal gyrus and medial prefrontal cortex was decreased after treatment, suggesting a relaxation of normal constraints on dFC. Taken together, these findings provide new evidence to extend the dysconnectivity hypothesis in schizophrenia from static to dynamic brain network. Moreover, our identified neuroimaging markers tied to the neurobiology of schizophrenia could be used as potential indicators in predicting the treatment outcome of antipsychotics.
Hydrodynamic Simulations in 3+1 General Relativity
Creators: name: Duez, Matthew D.
name: Marronetti, Pedro
name: Shapiro, Stuart L.
name: Baumgarte, Thomas W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve Einstein's field equations coupled to relativistic hydrodynamics in full 3+1 general relativity to evolve astrophysical systems characterized by strong gravitational fields. We model rotating, collapsing and binary stars by idealized polytropic equations of state, with neutron stars as the main application. Our scheme is based on the BSSN formulation of the field equations. We assume adiabatic flow, but allow for the formation of shocks. We determine the appearance of black holes by means of an apparent horizon finder. We introduce several new techniques for integrating the coupled Einstein-hydrodynamics system. For example, we choose our fluid variables so that they can be evolved without employing an artificial atmosphere. We also demonstrate the utility of working in a rotating coordinate system for some problems. We use rotating stars to experiment with several gauge choices for the lapse function and shift vector, and find some choices to be superior to others. We demonstrate the ability of our code to follow a rotating star that collapses from large radius to a black hole. Finally, we exploit rotating coordinates to evolve a corotating binary neutron star system in a quasi-equilibrium circular orbit for more than two orbital periods.
description: 24 pages, 25 figures, submitted to Physical Review D
MOESM1 of Phenotypic analysis combined with tandem mass tags (TMT) labeling reveal the heterogeneity of strawberry stolon buds
Creators: name: Guan, Ling
name: Mizhen Zhao
name: Yaming Qian
name: Hongmei Yu
name: Xia, Jin
name: Ejiao Wu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. 1D SDS PAGE for confirming the protein extraction.
Factors Affecting Habitat Quality for Wintering Wood Thrushes in a Coffee Growing Region in Honduras
Creators: name: Bailey, Brett A
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: Amongst the diversity of taxa that occur in the Neotropics, 200 migratory bird species that breed in temperate North America can be found. Many of these populations have seen significant declines since the 1960s. The Wood Thrush, Hylocichla mustelina, is one such species. Shade coffee and other agroforestry practices show potential for benefiting migratory species, but the quality of coffee habitat and optimal habitat characteristics for Wood Thrushes remain unknown.
I surveyed a spatially complex, agricultural landscape in Honduras outside the recognized winter range of the Wood Thrush and radio-tagged 46 individuals within rustic coffee farms during the winters of 2012 and 2013. I used telemetry data to calculate metrics of habitat quality based on survival and persistence while also collecting detailed vegetation measurements across the landscape and within each home-range. Mixed-effects models were used to explore the relationship of survival, transience, movement, and home-range size to habitat class and microhabitat variables.
Estimates for all four habitat quality metrics fell within the range of previous studies and were significantly related to habitat attributes. Structure, edge habitat, and shade coffee played a key role determining habitat quality.
The variables associated with higher habitat quality in this study suggest that rustic coffee farms have potential to support wintering wood thrush populations. However, estimates of survival may be overly optimistic in the presence of transients, transforming highly fragmented landscapes into winter sinks. This study highlights several gaps in current scientific knowledge about some of the most essential questions of Wood Thrush winter ecology.
Colonialism, Education, and Gabon: an Examination of the Self-translation of Gabonese Citizens in Their Post-colonial Space Through Education and Language
Creators: name: Batsielilit, Moussavou F
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: ABSTRACT
COLONIALISM, EDUCATION, AND GABON: AN EXAMINATION OF THE SELF-TRANSLATION OF GABONESE CITIZENS IN THEIR POSTCOLONIAL SPACE THROUGH EDUCATION AND LANGUAGE.
SEPTEMBER 2016
MOUSSAVOU FROY BATSIELILIT, B.A., UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
M.A., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST
Directed by: Professor Maria Tymoczko
Gabon’s educational model, mode, and language of instruction are similar to that of France. Likewise, the official language in Gabon remains French. The similarities between both countries, as a result, have continued to perpetuate and reinforce the indirect, or direct, influence of French culture in Gabon. The resemblance also contributed to the inability of Gabon to create an independent identity from France. As a result, Gabonese citizens are self-translating and rewriting themselves as an extension of France while simultaneously censoring half of their identities from the narrative of nation.
To understand the current situation, I investigate education and the language situation in Gabon and relate them to the field of Translation Studies in terms of the latter’s concepts. The thesis begins with a historical background of Gabon. The discussion then shifts to analyze the connection between language and power, and its use during French colonialism in Africa. The importance of language and power is in turn linked to education, resulting in an analysis of Gabon and France’s educational systems and materials. The issues of education, language, and identity are discussed so as to determine the influences on Gabonese citizens’ identities.
Why Do Solar Neutrino Experiments Below 1 Mev
Creators: name: Bahcall, John N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss why we need solar neutrino experiments below 1 MeV. I also express my prejudices about the desired number and types of such experiments, emphasizing the importance of p-p solar neutrino experiments
description: To be published in the proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Low Energy Solar Neutrinos, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, December 4 and 5, 2000 (World Scientific)
Constructing stellarators with quasisymmetry to high order
Creators: name: Landreman, Matt
name: Sengupta, Wrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method is given to rapidly compute quasisymmetric stellarator magnetic fields for plasma confinement, without the need to call a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium code inside an optimization iteration. The method is based on direct solution of the equations of magnetohydrodynamic equilibrium and quasisymmetry using Garren and Boozer's expansion about the magnetic axis (Phys Fluids B 3, 2805 (1991)), and it is several orders of magnitude faster than the conventional optimization approach. The work here extends the method of Landreman, Sengupta and Plunk (J Plasma Phys 85, 905850103 (2019)), which was limited to flux surfaces with elliptical cross-section, to higher order in the aspect ratio expansion. As a result, configurations can be generated with strong shaping that achieve quasisymmetry to high accuracy. Using this construction, we give the first numerical demonstrations of Garren and Boozer's ideal scaling of quasisymmetry-breaking with the cube of inverse aspect ratio. We also demonstrate a strongly nonaxisymmetric configuration (vacuum $ι> 0.4$) in which symmetry-breaking mode amplitudes throughout a finite volume are $< 2\times 10^{-7}$, the smallest ever reported. To generate boundary shapes of finite-minor-radius configurations, a careful analysis is given of the effect of substituting a finite minor radius into the near-axis expansion. The approach here can provide analytic insight into the space of possible quasisymmetric stellarator configurations, and it can be used to generate good initial conditions for conventional stellarator optimization.
Player Vs Language: the Effect of Multiplayer in Gamified Language Learning Environments
Creators: name: Baylis, Craig
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: With the consistent popularity of and research regarding games and game play, the educational strategy now known as “gamification” has come more into focus. “Gamified” study tools have begun to populate the market but these tools are almost all designed for solo use. Many pre-existing language learning strategies, and indeed language itself, center around group interaction and are thus less compatible with single player study tools.
A study was performed to isolate the variable of group play (multiplayer) in a game based language learning environment. Those participants who reported that they enjoyed the multiplayer game sessions more than the singleplayer session or thought them to be more effective at conveying new grammar displayed a distinct set of characteristics. Namely, these players were regularly more eager to seek out the opinion of others, offer their own opinion, and generally be outgoing. Those who reported the singleplayer sessions to be more enjoyable were regularly more focused on the game elements and less likely to participate in group discussions relating to the language exercises within the game. This suggests that while multiplayer, gamified tools can be effective, they require a certain type of learner or a great deal of intentional design to cater to those who do not naturally gravitate towards such learning styles.
Evaluation of land use based greenhouse gas mitigation measures in Germany
Creators: name: Röder, Norbert
name: Henseler, Martin
name: Liebersbach, Horst
name: Kreins, Peter
name: Osterburg, Bernhard
name: Röder, Norbert
name: Henseler, Martin
name: Liebersbach, Horst
name: Kreins, Peter
name: Osterburg, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: agricultural production
subject: regional supply model
subject: agro-economic model
subject: peatland restoration
subject: bioenergy

description: Agricultural production contributes 11% to the total German greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. We evaluate the efficiency of three different land use based GHG mitigation measures: production of feedstocks for biomethane production, short rotation coppices and peatland restoration. We evaluate these measures with respect to cost efficiency (GHG mitigation costs), mitigation potential and impact on agricultural production. We use the regional supply model RAUMIS to investigate the different mitigation measures at the sector and regional level. We extended the modeling framework of RAUMIS to integrate the effects of leakage and indirect land use change. Compared to the production and use of feedstock for bio-energies, peatland restoration is the most cost efficient measure and has the least impact on German agricultural production.
A Comparison of Techniques for Handling Missing Data in Longitudinal Studies
Creators: name: Bogdan, Alexander R
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: Missing data are a common problem in virtually all epidemiological research, especially when conducting longitudinal studies. In these settings, clinicians may collect biological samples to analyze changes in biomarkers, which often do not conform to parametric distributions and may be censored due to limits of detection. Using complete data from the BioCycle Study (2005-2007), which followed 259 premenopausal women over two menstrual cycles, we compared four techniques for handling missing biomarker data with non-Normal distributions. We imposed increasing degrees of missing data on two non-Normally distributed biomarkers under conditions of missing completely at random, missing at random, and missing not at random. Generalized estimating equations were used to obtain estimates from complete case analysis, multiple imputation using joint modeling, multiple imputation using chained equations, and multiple imputation using chained equations and predictive mean matching on Day 2, Day 13 and Day 14 of a standardized 28-day menstrual cycle. Estimates were compared against those obtained from analysis of the completely observed biomarker data. All techniques performed comparably when applied to a Normally distributed biomarker. Multiple imputation using joint modeling and multiple imputation using chained equations produced similar estimates across all types and degrees of missingness for each biomarker. Multiple imputation using chained equations and predictive mean matching consistently deviated from both the complete data estimates and the other missing data techniques when applied to a biomarker with a bimodal distribution. When addressing missing biomarker data in longitudinal studies, special attention should be given to the underlying distribution of the missing variable. As biomarkers become increasingly Normal, the amount of missing data tolerable while still obtaining accurate estimates may also increase when data are missing at random. Future studies are necessary to assess these techniques under more elaborate missingness mechanisms and to explore interactions between biomarkers for improved imputation models.
Cosmological Solutions of the Non-minimally Coupled Weyl Connection Gravity Theories
Creators: name: Baptista, Rodrigo
name: Bertolami, Orfeu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a non-minimally coupled curvature-matter gravity model (NMC) with a Weyl connection, a theory referred to as non-minimally coupled Weyl connection gravity (NMCWCG). The Weyl connection is an affine connection that is not compatible with the metric, and involves a vector field. Assuming a vacuum expectation value for the vector field and a matter Lagrangian that only contains the contributions of the vacuum energy, we show that the model admits solutions in the space-form with a reference curvature that can be fine-tuned to much smaller values than the contribution of the matter fields. This shows that, at least in principle, the model admits a workable cosmological description.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Convergence of the Linear Delta Expansion in the Critical O(N) Field Theory
Creators: name: Braaten, Eric
name: Radescu, Eugeniu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The linear delta expansion is applied to the 3-dimensional O(N) scalar field theory at its critical point in a way that is compatible with the large-N limit. For a range of the arbitrary mass parameter, the linear delta expansion for converges, with errors decreasing like a power of the order n in delta. If the principal of minimal sensitivity is used to optimize the convergence rate, the errors seem to decrease exponentially with n.
description: 26 pages, latex, 8 figures
Estimating (and Applying?) Atomic Data Uncertainties: the future of AtomDB
Creators: name: Foster, Adam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: X-ray spectroscopy
Spectral Modeling
Atomic Physics

description: The AtomDB project, which produces the apec spectral model among others, is tightly integrated into the XSPEC analysis package. Over recent years, additions have been made to improve non-equilibrium, charge-exchange, electron-electron bremsstrahlung and non-Maxwellian plasma emission. Most of the work of the AtomDB project has involved taking complex plasmas and simplifying the models to allow fitting routines within XSPEC, Sherpa and now SPEX to make meaningful analysis using them. Atomic data uncertainties have been the subject of much discussion for most spectral analysis packages. There have been sporadic efforts to apply uncertainties on fundamental atomic data, based on both theoretical and experimental measurements. However these are largely incomplete and non-uniform data sets, making their systematic use problematic. In addition, it is not clear how the data, once collected, can be efficiently distributed and utilized in analysis packages, given the nature and size of the datasets involved. We present here work on producing systematic uncertainties on atomic data from fundamental calculations, and folding this through to spectral emissivities, preserving the correlations present in the data. We show some preliminary results as to what such data sets might look like, and some thoughts on how to handle such data. We welcome discussion and input on these points.
Automated Predictions from Polarized Matrix Elements
Creators: name: Franzosi, Diogo Buarque
name: Mattelaer, Olivier
name: Ruiz, Richard
name: Shil, Sujay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anticipated experimental resolution and data cache of the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider will enable precision investigations of polarization in multiboson processes. This includes, for the first time, vector boson scattering. To facilitate such studies, we report the automation of polarized matrix element computations in the publicly available Monte Carlo tool suite, MadGraph5_aMC@NLO. This enables scattering and decay simulations involving helicity-polarized asymptotic or intermediate states, preserving both spin-correlation and off-shell effects. As demonstrations of the method, we investigate the leading order production and decay of polarized weak gauge bosons in the process $pp \to j j W^+_λW^-_{λ'}$, with helicity eigenstates $(λ,λ')$ defined in various reference frames. We consider the Standard Model at both $\mathcal{O}(α^4)$ and $\mathcal{O}(α^2 α_s^2)$ as well as a benchmark composite Higgs scenario. We report good agreement with polarization studies based on the On-Shell Projection (OSP) technique. Future capabilities are discussed.
description: 47 pages, 10 figures (36 pdf files). Published in the JHEP
ARCHITECTURE FOR THE REVITALIZATION OF COMMUNITY
Creators: name: Riley, Erin
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: While human society has changed a great deal through time, our need for community has remained prevalent. Architecture is a reflection of this need for community in its ability to gather people together by its definition of space, even in that of the basic plane of the public plaza. Though there are many factors to creating a sense of community, architecture and the manipulation of our environment can act as a tool for drawing people together and encouraging interaction between them.
The community of Holyoke was at one time a thriving industrial community in the 1900’s. With the passage of time, the mills have closed and industry has sharply declined, leading to an economic shift and the struggle for a new community identity. In addition, there has been a shift in the ethnic groups residing in the area. At its beginning, Holyoke was comprised of mostly Irish and French Canadian residents. Today, the composition of the city is almost 50% Latino. The challenge will be designing the built environment in a way that will create spaces to accommodate a new community, while allowing the existing community to flourish.