cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Manipulation and Detection of a Trapped Yb+ Ion Hyperfine Qubit
Creators: name: Olmschenk, S.
name: Younge, K. C.
name: Moehring, D. L.
name: Matsukevich, D.
name: Maunz, P.
name: Monroe, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the use of trapped ytterbium ions as quantum bits for quantum information processing. We implement fast, efficient state preparation and state detection of the first-order magnetic field-insensitive hyperfine levels of 171Yb+, with a measured coherence time of 2.5 seconds. The high efficiency and high fidelity of these operations is accomplished through the stabilization and frequency modulation of relevant laser sources.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, 1 table
Very Progressive Taxation
Creators: name: Ndoni, Albi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Very progressive taxation refers to an even more aggressive or intensified form of progressive taxation. In a very progressive tax system, the tax rates increase significantly with higher income levels. The aim is to create a more substantial difference in tax rates between various income brackets, placing a heavier burden on the wealthiest individuals or entities while providing more substantial benefits or relief to those with lower incomes.
Anacroneuria choco Stark & Bersosa 2006
Creators: name: Gutiérrez-Fonseca, Pablo E.
name: Alonso-Rodríguez, Aura M.
name: Cornejo, Aydeé
name: Bailey, Anna Cristina
name: Maes, Jean-Michel
name: Ramírez, Alonso
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Anacroneuria
Anacroneuria choco

description: Anacroneuria choco Stark & Bersosa 2006
  Anacroneuria Co-7.  Zúñiga & Stark, 2002.
 Anacroneuria choco Stark & Bersosa 2006 in Zúñiga et al., (2006). Holotype ♂ (MEUV). Colombia.
 Material examined. Panamá, Darién, Darién National Park, field station near to the Perresenico stream, 8° 01' 10.41'' N, 77° 44' 17.44'' W, 94m, 17–22 November 2014, R. Salas, P.E. Gutiérrez-Fonseca, light trap, 1♂ (PEGFC). Comments: This species was known for Colombia and Ecuador (Zúñiga et al., 2006).
description: Published as part of Gutiérrez-Fonseca, Pablo E., Alonso-Rodríguez, Aura M., Cornejo, Aydeé, Bailey, Anna Cristina, Maes, Jean-Michel & Ramírez, Alonso, 2015, New records of Anacroneuria Klapálek, 1909 (Plecoptera: Perlidae) for Central America, pp. 445-448 in Zootaxa 3994 (3) on pages 446-447, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3994.3.9, http://zenodo.org/record/235332
Interaction induced topological Bogoliubov excitations in a spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Huang, Guan-Hua
name: Luo, Guang-Quan
name: Wu, Zhigang
name: Xu, Zhi-Fang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study topologically non-trivial excitations of a weakly interacting, spin-orbit coupled Bose-Einstein condensate in a two-dimensional square optical lattice, a system recently realized in experiment [W. Sun et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 150401 (2018)]. We focus on situations where the system is not subjected to a Zeeman field and thus does not exhibit nontrivial single-particle band topology. Of special interest then is the role of particle interaction as well as its interplay with the symmetry properties of the system in producing topologically non-trivial excitations. We find that the non-interacting system possesses a rich set of symmetries, including the $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry, the modified dihedral point group symmetry $\tilde D_4$ and the nonsymmorphic symmetry. These combined symmetries ensure the existence of pairs of degenerate Dirac points at the edge of Brillouin zone for the single-particle energy bands. In the presence of particle interaction and with sufficient spin-orbit coupling, the atoms condense in a ground state with net magnetization which spontaneously breaks the $\mathcal{PT}$ and $\tilde D_4$ symmetry. We demonstrate that this symmetry breaking leads to a gap opening at the Dirac point for the Bogoliubov spectrum and consequentially topologically non-trivial excitations. We confirm the non-trivial topology by calculating the Chern numbers of the lowest excitation bands and show that gapless edge states form at the interface of systems characterized by different values of the Chern number.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
The Effect of the Sparticle Mass Spectrum on the Conversion of B-L to B
Creators: name: Chung, Daniel J H
name: Garbrecht, Bjorn
name: Tulin, Sean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of many leptogenesis and baryogenesis scenarios, B-L (baryon minus the lepton number) is converted into B (baryon number) by non-perturbative B+L violating operators in the SU(2)_L sector. We correct a common misconversion of B-L to B in the literature in the context of supersymmetry. More specifically, kinematic effects associated with the sparticle masses can be generically important (typically a factor of 2/3 correction in mSUGRA scenarios), and in some cases, it may even flip the sign between B-L and B. We give explicit formulae for converting B-L to B for temperatures approaching the electroweak phase transition temperature from above. Enhancements of B are also possible, leading to a mild relaxation of the reheating temperature bounds coming from gravitino constraints.
description: 17 pages
Anacroneuria costana Navas 1924
Creators: name: Gutiérrez-Fonseca, Pablo E.
name: Alonso-Rodríguez, Aura M.
name: Cornejo, Aydeé
name: Bailey, Anna Cristina
name: Maes, Jean-Michel
name: Ramírez, Alonso
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Anacroneuria
Anacroneuria costana

description: Anacroneuria costana (Navás 1924)
 Neoperla costana Navás 1924. Holotype ♂ (MNHN). Costa Rica. Anacroneuria costana Stark 1998. Redescription.
 Material examined. Panamá, Darién, Darién National Park, field station near to the Perresenico stream, 8° 01' 10.41'' N, 77° 44' 17.44'' W, 94m, 17–22 November 2014, R. Salas, PE Gutiérrez-Fonseca, light trap, 1♂ (PEGFC).
 Comments. This species was known for Costa Rica and México (Stark 1998, Stark and Kondratieff 2004). Stark and Kondratieff (2004) mention that Mexican specimens are larger than those reported for Costa Rica. The specimen examined here has a forewing length of 9mm, similar to specimens from Costa Rica, which has a forewing length of 8.5mm (Stark 1998).
description: Published as part of Gutiérrez-Fonseca, Pablo E., Alonso-Rodríguez, Aura M., Cornejo, Aydeé, Bailey, Anna Cristina, Maes, Jean-Michel & Ramírez, Alonso, 2015, New records of Anacroneuria Klapálek, 1909 (Plecoptera: Perlidae) for Central America, pp. 445-448 in Zootaxa 3994 (3) on page 447, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3994.3.9, http://zenodo.org/record/235332
Stein variational gradient descent with local approximations
Creators: name: Yan, Liang
name: Zhou, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Bayesian computation plays an important role in modern machine learning and statistics to reason about uncertainty. A key computational challenge in Bayesian inference is to develop efficient techniques to approximate, or draw samples from posterior distributions. Stein variational gradient decent (SVGD) has been shown to be a powerful approximate inference algorithm for this issue. However, the vanilla SVGD requires calculating the gradient of the target density and cannot be applied when the gradient is unavailable or too expensive to evaluate. In this paper we explore one way to address this challenge by the construction of a local surrogate for the target distribution in which the gradient can be obtained in a much more computationally feasible manner. More specifically, we approximate the forward model using a deep neural network (DNN) which is trained on a carefully chosen training set, which also determines the quality of the surrogate. To this end, we propose a general adaptation procedure to refine the local approximation online without destroying the convergence of the resulting SVGD. This significantly reduces the computational cost of SVGD and leads to a suite of algorithms that are straightforward to implement. The new algorithm is illustrated on a set of challenging Bayesian inverse problems, and numerical experiments demonstrate a clear improvement in performance and applicability of standard SVGD.
Blue supergiants as tests for stellar physics
Creators: name: Georgy, Cyril
name: Saio, Hideyuki
name: Meynet, Georges
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive star evolution is still poorly understood, and observational tests are required to discriminate between different implementations of physical phenomenon in stellar evolution codes. By confronting stellar evolution models with observed properties of blue supergiants, such as pulsations, chemical composition and position in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, we aim at determining which of the criterion used for convection (Schwarzschild or Ledoux) is best able to explain the observations. We compute state-of-the-art stellar evolution models with either the Schwarzschild or the Ledoux criterion for convection. Models are for $14$ to $35\,M_\odot$ at solar or Large Magellanic Cloud metallicity. For each model, we compute the pulsation properties to know when radial modes are excited. We then compare our results with the position of blue supergiants in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, with their surface chemical composition, and with their variability. Our results at Large Magellanic Cloud metallicity shows only a slight preference for the Ledoux criterion over the Schwarzschild one in reproducing at the same time the observed properties of blue supergiants, even if the Schwarzschild criterion cannot be excluded at this metallicity. We check that changing the overshoot parameter at solar metallicity does not improve the situation. We also check that our models are able to reproduce the position of Galactic blue supergiant in the flux-weighted-gravity -- luminosity relation. We confirm that overall, models computed with the Ledoux criterion are slightly better in matching observations. Our results also support the idea that most Galactic $α$ Cyg variables are blue supergiants of the group 2, i.e. stars that have been through a previous red supergiant phase where they have lost large amount of mass.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Ideology of content in social studies texts
Creators: name: Murray, Valerie Mary
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis explores the ideology of content in social studies texts. An investigation of tensions underlying Canadian society illustrates diverse points of view which need to be addressed through schooling. A major vehicle for transmitting views of society is found in the content of social studies. Examination of perspectives concerning the relationship of school and society reveals the need for critical analysis of assumptions contained in social studies content. Citizenship education is considered a central purpose of the social studies. This presumes that social attitudes are promoted through the content of schooling. The view of society that is transmitted to students orients the premises of schooling and definitions of citizenship. Two views regarding the nature and needs of society are described as consensus and pluralism. Interpreted as educational aims, these social views correspond to adaptive and reconstructive orientations to curriculum. Postulated as an extension of the reconstructive orientation, the study develops a conceptual framework rooted in the tradition of critical inquiry. This framework employs three dimensions of content referred to* as social conflict, social discourse and social knowledge. Results of the study indicate that the three dimensions of the framework are adequately addressed in the five textbooks of the study. In particular areas, however, the texts tend to support a consensus view of society, particularly where ideals concerning social progress, social membership and social organization are concerned. Implications arising from the study explore possibilities for working creatively with questions and concerns of critical inquiry. The study suggests that if the central purpose of Canadian social studies is citizenship education, then the content of schooling must reflect tensions that result from a plurality of interests and value positions.
Exact Bright and Dark Spatial Soliton Solutions in Saturable Nonlinear Media
Creators: name: Calvo, Gabriel F.
name: Belmonte-Beitia, Juan
name: Perez-Garcia, Victor M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present exact analytical bright and dark (black and grey) solitary wave solutions of a nonlinear Schrodinger-type equation describing the propagation of spatial beams in media exhibiting a saturable nonlinearity (such as centrosymmetric photorefractive materials). A qualitative study of the stationary equation is carried out together with a discussion of the stability of the solutions.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Anacroneuria hacha Stark 1998
Creators: name: Gutiérrez-Fonseca, Pablo E.
name: Alonso-Rodríguez, Aura M.
name: Cornejo, Aydeé
name: Bailey, Anna Cristina
name: Maes, Jean-Michel
name: Ramírez, Alonso
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Anacroneuria
Anacroneuria hacha

description: Anacroneuria hacha Stark 1998
 Anacroneuria hacha Stark 1998. Holotype ♂ (USNM). Costa Rica.
 Material examined. Guatemala, Baja Verapaz, Ranchitos del Quetzal, 15° 12' 55.74'' N, 90° 13' 09.26'' W, 1680m, 2 August 2011, J. Monzón, 1♂ (PEGFC). Nicaragua, Jinotega, Reserva Natural Bosawas, Cerro Kilambé, 13° 34' 30.93'' N, 85° 42' 18.73'' W, 1520m, 20–25 April 2010, J.M. Maes, 3♂ (PEGFC). Same location, 2♂ (MZUCR). Matagalpa, Selva Negra, 12° 59' 56.54'' N, 85° 54' 35.35'' W, 1275m, 11–13 November 2009, J.M. Maes, 1♂ (PEGFC).
 Comments. This species was only known for Costa Rica (Stark 1998). Specimens examined from Nicaragua and Guatemala are larger than specimens collected in Costa Rica. The specimens examined here have a forewing length ranging from 17–18.5mm, while specimens from Costa Rica have a forewing length ranging from 10–11mm (Stark 1998).
description: Published as part of Gutiérrez-Fonseca, Pablo E., Alonso-Rodríguez, Aura M., Cornejo, Aydeé, Bailey, Anna Cristina, Maes, Jean-Michel & Ramírez, Alonso, 2015, New records of Anacroneuria Klapálek, 1909 (Plecoptera: Perlidae) for Central America, pp. 445-448 in Zootaxa 3994 (3) on page 447, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3994.3.9, http://zenodo.org/record/235332
Trojan Horse as an indirect technique in nuclear astrophysics. Resonance reactions
Creators: name: Mukhamedzhanov, A. M.
name: Blokhintsev, L. D.
name: Irgaziev, B. F.
name: Kadyrov, A. S.
name: La Cognata, M.
name: Spitaleri, C.
name: Tribble, R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Trojan Horse method is a powerful indirect technique that provides information to determine astrophysical factors for binary rearrangement processes $x + A \to b + B$ at astrophysically relevant energies by measuring the cross section for the Trojan Horse reaction $a + A \to y+ b + B$ in quasi-free kinematics. We present the theory of the Trojan Horse method for resonant binary subreactions based on the half-off-energy-shell R matrix approach which takes into account the off-energy-shell effects and initial and final state interactions.
description: 6 pages and 1 figure
The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Food Insecurity
Creators: name: Edmondson, Hailey
name: Gill, Mackenzie
name: Jablonski, Becca B.R.
name: Ladd, Jessica
name: Rossi, Jairus
name: Schaffstall, Samantha
name: Thilmany, Dawn
name: Woods, Tim
name: Edmondson, Hailey
name: Gill, Mackenzie
name: Jablonski, Becca B.R.
name: Ladd, Jessica
name: Rossi, Jairus
name: Schaffstall, Samantha
name: Thilmany, Dawn
name: Woods, Tim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Food Security and Poverty

description: The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Food Insecurity looks at food acquisition methods used by food insecure households as well as changes in the time spent shopping for and preparing food at home. We found that most food insecure households experienced a change of income or job after April 2020, and that 42% of our food insecure sample was not low-income prior to the pandemic. Additionally, the survey results indicate that many people using the emergency food system during the pandemic were likely not using it previously. Further analysis showed that food insecure households interreacted with the emergency system differently than they had prior to the pandemic and some were possibly using it for the first time.
Anacroneuria laru Gutierrez-Fonseca 2015
Creators: name: Gutiérrez-Fonseca, Pablo E.
name: Alonso-Rodríguez, Aura M.
name: Cornejo, Aydeé
name: Bailey, Anna Cristina
name: Maes, Jean-Michel
name: Ramírez, Alonso
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Anacroneuria
Anacroneuria laru

description: Anacroneuria laru Gutiérrez-Fonseca 2015
 Anacroneuria laru Gutiérrez-Fonseca 2015. Holotype ♂ (USNM). Panamá.
 Material examined. Costa Rica, Puntarenas, Golfito, La Gamba, La Gamba Tropical Station, 8–9 March 2013, 8° 42' 00.39'' N, 83° 12' 09.98'' W, 86m, A.M. Alonso-Rodríguez, automatic funnel light trap, 3♂ (PEGFC). Same location, 2♂ (MZUCR).
 Comments. This species was only known for Panamá (Gutiérrez-Fonseca 2015).
description: Published as part of Gutiérrez-Fonseca, Pablo E., Alonso-Rodríguez, Aura M., Cornejo, Aydeé, Bailey, Anna Cristina, Maes, Jean-Michel & Ramírez, Alonso, 2015, New records of Anacroneuria Klapálek, 1909 (Plecoptera: Perlidae) for Central America, pp. 445-448 in Zootaxa 3994 (3) on page 447, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3994.3.9, http://zenodo.org/record/235332
Report on the impact of response and sampling on composite and multidimensional indicators. Explorative studies on the impact of data quality on composite indicators (Deliverable 13.63)
Creators: name: Articus, Charlotte
name: Giusti, Caterina
name: Güdemann, Laura
name: Marchetti, Stefano
name: Pratesi, Monica
name: Mauro, Vincenzo
name: Münnich, Ralf
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Composite indicators (CIs) are frequently employed to measure complex, multidimensional phenomena such as
 well-being, sustainability, or work quality. It is nowadays well studied, that the multiple decisions made in the
 construction process of building the CI strongly affect the result. These construction decisions range from the
 selection of a set of sub-indicators, to the standardization method, the weighting and the choice of the
 aggregation function. Sensitivity analysis is an established tool to analyze and quantify the impact of the choices
 made in this regard.
 Less attention has been paid to the impact of data quality on CIs: CIs are usally based on sub-indicators that are
 estimated from sample surveys and the resulting aggregated measure can only be as good as the underlying
 data. The uncertainty in the CI due to sampling and possible non-sampling errors is, however, frequently
 neglected. With this report we aim to fill this gap. To do so, we perform a sensitivity analysis for an example CI for
 working quality, that includes the selection of a sampling design and the sampling itself as possible sources of
 variability. Further, we propose a parametric bootstrap-based apporach to estimate the standard error of a CI
 and apply it to the illustrating example of a CI on environmental perfomance.
Raman scattering study of (K$_x$Sr$_{1-x}$)Fe$_2$As$_2$ ($x$ = 0.0, 0.4)
Creators: name: Litvinchuk, A. P.
name: Hadjiev, V. G.
name: Iliev, M. N.
name: Lv, Bing
name: Guloy, A. M.
name: Chu, C. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarized Raman spectra of non-superconducting SrFe$_2$As$_2$ and superconducting K$_{0.4}$Sr$_{0.6}$Fe$_2$As$_2$ ($T_c = 37$ K) are reported. All four phonon modes (A$_{1g}$ + B$_{1g}$ + 2E$_g$) allowed by symmetry, are found and identified. Shell model gives reasonable description of the spectra. No detectable anomalies are observed near the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic transition in SrFe$_2$As$_2$ or the superconducting transition in K$_{0.4}$Sr$_{0.6}$Fe$_2$As$_2$.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Navigating Africa's Digital Future: Challenges and Opportunities in Harmonizing Cybersecurity and Digital Transformation Policies
Creators: name: Toure, Mohamed
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Multiple regional organizations influence Africa’s digital transformation, each shaping cybersecurity policies, digital trade frameworks, and cross-border digital governance. While these institutions drive progress, fragmentation and overlappingjurisdictions create challenges in policy harmonization. This paper analyzes key regional organizations, examines the obstacles to cybersecurity policy coordination, and compares Africa’s approach to digital transformation with the EU and US frameworks.
Fast Molecular-Dynamics Simulation for Ferroelectric Thin-Film Capacitors Using a First-Principles Effective Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Nishimatsu, Takeshi
name: Waghmare, Umesh V.
name: Kawazoe, Yoshiyuki
name: Vanderbilt, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A newly developed fast molecular-dynamics method is applied to BaTiO3 ferroelectric thin-film capacitors with short-circuited electrodes or under applied voltage. The molecular-dynamics simulations based on a first-principles effective Hamiltonian clarify that dead layers (or passive layers) between ferroelectrics and electrodes markedly affect the properties of capacitors, and predict that the system is unable to hop between a uniformly polarized ferroelectric structure and a striped ferroelectric domain structure at low temperatures. Simulations of hysteresis loops of thin-film capacitors are also performed, and their dependence on film thickness, epitaxial constraints, and electrodes are discussed.
description: 12 figures, 1 table. Submitted to PRB v2->v3: Major changes are underlined in the manuscript. Added new references
Conductance Spectroscopy of Spin-triplet Superconductors
Creators: name: Asano, Yasuhiro
name: Tanaka, Yukio
name: Golubov, Alexander A.
name: Kashiwaya, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel experiment to identify the symmetry of superconductivity on the basis of theoretical results for differential conductance of a normal metal connected to a superconductor. The proximity effect from the superconductor modifies the conductance of the remote current depending remarkably on the pairing symmetry: spin-singlet or spin-triplet. The clear-cut difference in the conductance is explained by symmetry of Cooper pairs in a normal metal with respect to frequency. In the spin-triplet case, the anomalous transport is realized due to an odd-frequency symmetry of Cooper pairs.
description: 4pages, 3 figures embedded
Theodore Gould in Uniform
Creators: name: Terry, H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1870
Subjects: East Hampton
Photographs
Cabinet photographs
Military uniforms
Civil War, 1861-1865
Portrait photographs
Portraits

description: This image shows Theodore Gould standing for a portrait and dressed in military uniform, presumably Civil War era. He is the brother of John Gould. This photograph is part of a collection of photographs found in the ceiling of 140A Main Street, now 138, in East Hampton in 1970. This collection was donated by Joan Osborne in April 1995.
Navigating Africa's Digital Future: Challenges and Opportunities in Harmonizing Cybersecurity and Digital Transformation Policies
Creators: name: Mohamed, Toure
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Multiple regional organizations influence Africa’s digital transformation, each shaping cybersecurity policies, digital trade frameworks, and cross-border digital governance. While these institutions drive progress, fragmentation and overlappingjurisdictions create challenges in policy harmonization. This paper analyzes key regional organizations, examines the obstacles to cybersecurity policy coordination, and compares Africa’s approach to digital transformation with the EU and US frameworks.
Academic secondary education in the federal prisons of British Columbia : the guidelines for an alternative program to the general equivalency diploma program
Creators: name: Swift, Richard Anthony
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The primary purposes of this thesis are, first, to argue that the existing secondary education program, the General Equivalency Diploma program (GED), offered to inmates in the Federal penitentiaries is not truly educational, and second, that there clearly exists the need to design a viable, alternative academic education program for potential secondary level students in the Federal penitentiary system of British Columbia. A comprehensive survey of the literature reveals that the Canadian Penitentiary Service has historically held numerous false assumptions about the educational process. For example, the most commonly used program at the secondary level, the G.E.D., despite its seemingly academic content, (Writing skills, Reading skills, Social Studies, Mathematics and Science), is not directed towards educational ends. While the G.E.D. does have some value and could be useful for some students, it is inadequate for the following reasons: it is simply a battery of five content area tests; it is not worthwhile for its own sake; it is 'training' or to be more accurate 'drilling' and not education; its substance is not thought and ideas; it is not structured in such a way as to promote understanding and a 'cognitive perspective', it is not flexible enough to take into account the academic capabilities of some inmates; and it does not adequately prepare the student for post-secondary education. Therefore an alternative education program at the secondary level is needed. In order to design an alternative program any inhibitors to education in prisons have to be identified. These inhibitors are noted and are taken into account in the guidelines for an alternative academic education program. This program is based on a set of principles which are found to be defensible in relation to the needs of students and on educational grounds.
Electron correlation effects in superconducting nanowires in and out of equilibrium
Creators: name: Tuovinen, Riku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One-dimensional nanowires with strong spin-orbit coupling and proximity-induced superconductivity are predicted to exhibit topological superconductivity with condensed-matter analogues to Majorana fermions. Here, the nonequilibrium Green's function approach with the generalized Kadanoff-Baym ansatz is employed to study the electron-correlation effects and their role in the topological superconducting phase in and out of equilibrium. Electron-correlation effects are found to affect the transient signatures regarding the zero-energy Majorana states, when the superconducting nanowire is subjected to external perturbations such as magnetic-field quenching, laser-pulse excitation, and coupling to biased normal-metal leads.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Decentralized Robust Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Model Predictive Control for Takagi-Sugeno Large-Scale Systems
Creators: name: Sarbaz, Mohammad
name: Zamani, Iman
name: Manthouri, Mohammad
name: Ibeas, Asier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this manuscript, decentralized robust interval type-2 fuzzy model predictive control for Takagi-Sugeno large-scale systems is studied. The mentioned large-scale system consists a number of interval type-2 (IT2) fuzzy Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) subsystems. An important matter and necessities that limit the practical application of model predictive control are the online computational cost and burden of the existence frameworks. For model predictive control of T-S fuzzy large-scale systems, the online computational burden is even worse and in some cases, they cannot be solved in an expected time. Especially for severe large-scale systems with disturbances, existing model predictive control of T-S fuzzy large-scale systems usually leads to a very conservative solution. So, researchers have many challenges and difficulties in finding a reasonable solution in a short time. Although, more relaxed results can be achieved by the proposed fuzzy model predictive control approach which adopts T-S large-scale systems with nonlinear subsystems, many restrictions are not considered in these approaches. In this paper, challenges are solved and the MPC is designed for a nonlinear IT2 fuzzy large-scale system with uncertainties and disturbances. Besides, online optimization problem is solved and results are proposed. Consequently, online computational cost of the optimization problem is reduced considerably. At the end, by two practical examples, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is illustrated.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2108.11186
Exit paths and constructible stacks
Creators: name: Treumann, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a Whitney stratification S of a space X (or more generally a topological stratification in the sense of Goresky and MacPherson) we introduce the notion of an S-constructible stack of categories on X. The motivating example is the stack of S-constructible perverse sheaves. We introduce a 2-category $EP_{\leq 2}(X,S)$, called the exit-path 2-category, which is a natural stratified version of the fundamental 2-groupoid. Our main result is that the 2-category of S-constructible stacks on X is equivalent to the 2-category of 2-functors from $EP_{\leq 2}(X,S)$ to the 2-category of small categories.
Structural and 121Sb Mössbauer Spectroscopic Investigations of the Antimonide Oxides REMnSbO (RE = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb) and REZnSbO (RE = La, Ce, Pr)
Creators: name: Schellenberg, Inga
name: Nilges, Tom
name: Pöttgen, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quaternary antimonide oxides REMnSbO (RE = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb) and REZnSbO (RE = La, Ce, Pr) were synthesized from the RESb monoantimonides and MnO, respectively ZnO. We report on single crystal X-ray data and a detailed 121Sb Mössbauer spectroscopic investigation.
description: 18 pages
Overview report on the generation of synthetic universes for microsimulations. Utility and Confidentiality of Synthetically Generated Data Sets (Deliverable D12.6)
Creators: name: Ahmed, Abrar
name: Articus, Charlotte
name: Ertz, Florian
name: Münnich, Ralf
name: Schmaus, Simon
name: Shlomo, Natalie
name: Weymeirsch, Jan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Over the past decades, microsimulations have increasingly become an important component of modern
 empirical research as well as for policy support. These microsimulations are useful and viable only if they are
 conducted with appropriate data. Modern requirements, however, should allow regional and spatial
 pattern being included which may automatically lead to synthetic but realistic data generation as a viable
 source for microsimulations.
 These data sets shall represent reality as precisely as possible in terms of statistical distributions without posing
 issues of confidentiality for any real-world individuals. The present research aims at analysing the potential
 threat of information disclosure in the context of synthetic data and microsimulations, using the Eurofound's
 European Working Conditions survey as well as the synthetic AMELIA data set.
Gluino zero-modes for calorons at finite temperature
Creators: name: Perez, Margarita Garcia
name: Gonzalez-Arroyo, Antonio
name: Sastre, Alfonso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the solutions of the Dirac equation in the adjoint representation(gluinos) in the background field of SU(2) unit charge calorons. Our solutions are forced to be antiperiodic in thermal time and would occur naturally in a semiclassical approach to N=1 Super-symmetric Yang-Mills theory at finite temperature.
description: Latex, 16 pages, 2 figures
On the refractive index for a nonmagnetic two-component medium: resolution of a controversy
Creators: name: Geddes, Joseph B.
name: Mackay, Tom G.
name: Lakhtakia, Akhlesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The refractive index of a dielectric medium comprising both passive and inverted components in its permittivity was determined using two methods: (i) in the time domain, a finite-difference algorithm to compute the frequency-domain reflectance from reflection data for a pulsed plane wave that is normally incident on a dielectric half-space, and (ii) in the frequency domain, the deflection of an obliquely incident Gaussian beam on transmission through a dielectric slab. The dielectric medium was found to be an active medium with a negative real part for its refractive index. Thereby, a recent controversy in the scientific literature was resolved.
description: manuscript submitted to Optics Communications
Network synchronizability analysis: the theory of subgraphs and complementary graphs
Creators: name: Duan, Zhisheng
name: Liu, Chao
name: Chen, Guanrong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, subgraphs and complementary graphs are used to analyze the network synchronizability. Some sharp and attainable bounds are provided for the eigenratio of the network structural matrix, which characterizes the network synchronizability, especially when the network's corresponding graph has cycles, chains, bipartite graphs or product graphs as its subgraphs.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Constraining the mass of the GRB 030329 progenitor
Creators: name: Ostlin, G.
name: Zackrisson, E.
name: Sollerman, J.
name: Mattila, S.
name: Hayes, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The long-duration gamma-ray burst (GRB) 030329, associated with supernova (SN) 2003dh, occurred inside a star-forming dwarf galaxy at redshift $z=0.1685$. The low redshift, and a rich set of archival Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images, makes this GRB well-suited for a detailed study of the stellar population in the immediate vicinity of the explosion. Since the lifetime of a star is directly tied to its mass, the age of the stellar population can be used to put constraints on the GRB and SN progenitor mass. From the HST images we extract the colours of the precise site from which the GRB originated, and find that the colours are significantly different from those of the overall host galaxy and the surrounding starburst environment. We have used spectral evolutionary models, including nebular emission, to carefully constrain the age of the stellar population, and hence the progenitor, at the very explosion site. For instantaneous burst models we find that a population age of 5 Myr best matches the data, suggesting a very massive (M > 50 M_sun) star as the progenitor, with an upper limit of 8 Myr (M > 25 M_sun). For more extended star formation scenarios, the inferred progenitor age is in most cases still very young (age < 7 Myr, implying M > 25 M_sun), with an upper limit of 20 Myr (M > 12 M_sun). These age estimates are an order of magnitude lower than the ages inferred from the overall host galaxy colours, indicating that progenitor mass estimates based on data for spatially unresolved GRB host galaxies will in general be of limited use. Our results are consistent with the collapsar scenario.
description: Accepted to MNRAS
Exploring cloudy gas accretion as a source of interstellar turbulence in the outskirts of disks
Creators: name: Santillan, A.
name: Sanchez-Salcedo, F. J.
name: Franco, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High--resolution 2D--MHD numerical simulations have been carried out to investigate the effects of continuing infall of clumpy gas in extended HI galactic disks. Given a certain accretion rate, the response of the disk depends on its surface gas density and temperature. For Galactic conditions at a galactocentric distance of ~20 kpc, and for mass accretion rates consistent with current empirical and theoretical determinations in the Milky Way, the rain of compact high velocity clouds onto the disk can maintain transonic turbulent motions in the warm phase (~2500 K) of HI. Hence, the HI line width is expected to be ~6.5 km/s for a gas layer at 2500 K, if infall were the only mechanism of driving turbulence. Some statistical properties of the resulting forcing flow are shown in this Letter. The radial dependence of the gas velocity dispersion is also discussed.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Jet power extracted from ADAF and the applications to X-ray binaries and radio galaxy FR dichotomy
Creators: name: Wu, Qingwen
name: Cao, Xinwu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the jet power of the classical Blandford-Znajek(BZ) model and hybrid model developed by Meier based on the global solutions of advection dominated accretion flows (ADAFs) surrounding Kerr black holes. We find that the jet power of the hybrid model is larger than that of the pure BZ model. The jet power will dominate over the accretion power, and the objects will enter into "jet-power-dominated advective systems", when the accretion rate is less than a critical value mdot_c=Mdot_c/Mdot_Edd, where 3*10^-4 < mdot_c < 5*10^-3 is a function of black hole spin parameter. The accretion power will be dominant when mdot
description: 6 pages, 3 color figures, ApJ in press, edited with ApJ style and English is improved as suggested by Editor
Energy gap of the bimodal two-dimensional Ising spin glass
Creators: name: Atisattapong, W.
name: Poulter, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An exact algorithm is used to compute the degeneracies of the excited states of the bimodal Ising spin glass in two dimensions. It is found that the specific heat at arbitrary low temperature is not a self-averaging quantity and has a distribution that is neither normal or lognormal. Nevertheless, it is possible to estimate the most likely value and this is found to scale as L^3 T^(-2) exp(-4J/kT), for a L*L lattice. Our analysis also explains, for the first time, why a correlation length ξ~ exp(2J/kT) is consistent with an energy gap of 2J. Our method allows us to obtain results for up to 10^5 disorder realizations with L <= 64. Distributions of second and third excitations are also shown.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Decoupling lattice and magnetic instabilities in frustrated CuMnO$_2$
Creators: name: Lawler, Keith V.
name: Smith, Dean
name: Evans, Shaun R.
name: Santos, Antonio M. dos
name: Molaison, Jamie J.
name: Bos, Jan-Willem G.
name: Mutka, Hannu
name: Henry, Paul F.
name: Argyriou, Dimitri N.
name: Salamat, Ashkan
name: Kimber, Simon A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $A$MnO$_{2}$ delafossites ($A$=Na, Cu), are model frustrated antiferromagnets, with triangular layers of Mn$^{3+}$~spins. At low temperatures ($T_{N}$=65 K), a $C2/m \rightarrow P\overline{1}$ transition is found in CuMnO$_2$, which breaks frustration and establishes magnetic order. In contrast to this clean transition, $A$=Na only shows short-range distortions at $T_N$. Here we report a systematic crystallographic, spectroscopic, and theoretical investigation of CuMnO$_2$. We show that, even in stoichiometric samples, non-zero anisotropic Cu displacements co-exist with magnetic order. Using X-ray/neutron diffraction and Raman scattering, we show that high pressures acts to decouple these degrees of freedom. This manifests as an isostuctural phase transition at $\sim$10 GPa, with a reversible collapse of the $c$-axis. This is shown to be the high pressure analog of the $c$-axis negative thermal expansion seen at ambient pressure. DFT simulations confirm that dynamical instabilities of the Cu$^{+}$ cations and edge-shared MnO$_{6}$ layers are intertwined at ambient pressure. However, high pressure selectively activates the former, before an eventual predicted re-emergence of magnetism at the highest pressures. Our results show that the lattice dynamics and local structure of CuMnO$_2$ are quantitatively different to non-magnetic Cu delafossites, and raise questions about the role of intrinsic inhomogeniety in frustrated antiferromagnets.
description: Submitted version, A.S.A.P. article in Inorganic Chemistry
Constraints on $f(R_{ijkl}R^{ijkl})$ gravity: An evidence against the covariant resolution of the Pioneer anomaly
Creators: name: Exirifard, Qasem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider corrections in the form of $ΔL(R_{ijkl}R^{ijkl})$ to the Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian. Then we compute the corrections to the Schwarszchild geometry due to the inclusion of this general term to the Lagrangian. We show that $ΔL_3=α_{1/3}(R_{ijkl}R^{ijkl})^{1/3}$ gives rise to a constant anomalous acceleration for objects orbiting the Sun onward the Sun. This leads to the conclusion that $α_{1/3}=(13.91\pm 2.11) \times 10^{-26}(\frac{1}{\text{meters}})^{2/3}$ would have covariantly resolved the Pioneer anomaly if this value of $α_{1/3}$ had not contradicted other observations. We notice that the experimental bounds on $ΔL_3$ grows stronger in case we examine the deformation of the space-time geometry around objects lighter than the Sun. We therefore use the high precision measurements around the Earth (LAGEOS and LLR) and obtain a very strong constraint on the corrections in the form of $ΔL(R_{ijkl}R^{ijkl})$ and in particular $ΔL=α_n(R_{ijkl}R^{ijkl})^n$. This bound requires $α_{1/3}\leq6.12\times 10^{-29}(\frac{1}{\text{meters}})^{2/3}$. Therefore it refutes the covariant resolution of the Pioneer anomaly.
description: ...v5: references added, new discussions added
Calibration of mid- to far-infrared spectral lines in galaxies
Creators: name: Mordini, Sabrina
name: Spinoglio, Luigi
name: Fernández-Ontiveros, Juan Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mid- to far-infrared (IR) lines are suited to study dust obscured regions in galaxies, because IR spectroscopy allows us to explore the most hidden regions where heavily obscured star formation as well as accretion onto supermassive black-holes occur. This is mostly important at redshifts of 1
description: 30 pages, 35 figures, 3 tables, Accepted for publication by A&A
title: Sport-Strategy Optimization with Markov Decision Processes
Creators: name: Hoffmeister, Susanne
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Markov-Decision Processes
subject: Dynamic Programming
subject: Sport
subject: Optimization
subject: 510

description: Sport-strategy optimization deals with strategic questions in sports games that are made by coaches and players. As the amount of collected data from sports games increases, the need for a data-driven decision support increases, too. Especially if opposing effects need to be weighed up, a data-driven approach can uncover insights that are not available from a solely qualitative analysis.
The underlying mathematical framework used in this thesis are Markov decision problems (MDPs). The thesis is divided up in: a theoretical analysis of suitable MDPs, their application to beach volleyball and a new approach that combines two MDPs with different granularity.
A new class of MDPs suitable to model sports games is introduced and called Sport-Strategy Opti- mization MDPs (SSO-MDPs). SSO-MDPs maximize the probability of winning a match while every action has a positive probability to fail. A theoretical analysis of SSO-MDPs proves that the optimality equations of SSO-MDPs have a unique fixed point and the dynamic programming operator applied to SSO-MDPs is a contraction mapping. Furthermore, a linear programming formulation for SSO-MDPs is deduced.
This thesis includes two SSO-MDPs that model the same sport-strategic question in beach volleyball. The two models have different levels of detail which lead to different advantages and disadvantages. To overcome the downsides of the individual models, an approach called Two-Scale Approach (2-MDP approach) is introduced that combines two SSO-MDPs.
The single SSO-MDPs and the 2-MDP approach are evaluated and compared on real data sets that were collected from the beach volleyball final of the Olympic games 2012 in London. The realizations in the final match are used for validating the individual SSO-MDPs and the 2-MDP approach.
Two tools for coaches and players are developed based on the 2-MDP approach. A Strategy-Skill Score Card combines two sensitivity analyses in one diagram. These diagrams can be used to identify critical situations where the optimal strategy is affected by small differences of the player’s performance. The other tool is a table of a constant-sum matrix-game that can be used to identify promising strategy patterns.