cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Functional Genomics Approach for Characterizing the Role of Six Transcription Factors in Muscle Development
Creators: name: Chu, Alphonse
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2012
Subjects: Myogenesis
Systems Biology
Microarray
Six Transcription Factors
ChIP-on-Chip
Functional Genomics
Clustering
Genome Wide Transcript Profiling
Promoter Analysis
Gene Function Annotation
C2C12
Differentiation
RNA Interference

description: Proper development of skeletal muscle occurs through a highly complex process where activation and repression of genes are essential. Control of this process is regulated by timely and spatial expression of specific transcription factors (TFs). Six1 and Six4 are homeodomain TFs known to be essential for skeletal muscle development in mice. Using the C2C12 cell line, a model for skeletal muscle differentiation, I used a functional genomics approach, employing siRNA specific to both these TFs, to characterize their role in skeletal myogenesis. To identify the genes that are regulated by both these TFs, gene expression profiling by microarray of cells treated with siRNA against Six1 and/or Six4 was performed. The knock-down of these TFs caused lower expression of markers of terminal differentiation genes in addition to an impairment of myoblast fusion and differentiation. Interestingly, transcript profiling of cells treated with siRNA against myogenin revealed that several of the Six1 and Six4 target genes are also regulated by myogenin. Through a combination of bioinformatic analyses it was also found that specific knock-down of Six4 causes an up-regulation of genes involved in mitosis and the cell cycle. In summary, these results show that Six1 and Six4 can both independently regulate different genes, but can also cooperate together with other TFs where they play an important role in the proper regulation of skeletal myogenesis.
The Effect of Ketamine and Glutamate on Proliferation, Differentiation and Migration of Neural Progenitor Cells Derived from the Subventricular Zone and Spinal Cord
Creators: name: Shanmugalingam, Ushananthini
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: Ketamine
Spinal cord
Subventricular zone
Neural progenitor cells
Glutamate
Proliferation
Differentiation
Migration

description: During spinal cord injury (SCI), glutamate excitotoxicity and astrocytic scar formation can impede repair. In a preliminary study we found that ketamine, a N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor non-competitive antagonist, can contribute to functional recovery post SCI. Therefore, we investigated the cellular basis for this recovery with respect to neural progenitor cells using an in vitro cell culture model. We examined whether ketamine and glutamate influenced the proliferation, differentiation, and migration of differentiating endogenous neural progenitor cells (NPCs) found in the subventricular zone and spinal cord. Our study illustrates that the post functional recovery may have been due to ketamine’s influence on delaying spinal cord NPCs derived astrocyte maturation and migration while increasing radial glial cell migration. These results are promising since ketamine administration may help alleviate some of the adverse affects glutamate has on the NPCs found in the spinal cord following SCI.
Supplemetary Documents for "Epileptic Seizure Detection Using CHB-MIT Dataset: The Overlooked Perspectives"
Creators: name: Ali, Emran
name: Angelova, Maia N
name: Karmakar, Chandan
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460299
subject: Artificial intelligence not elsewhere classified

description: Appendix-A, Appendix-B, and Appendix-C
Impact of extreme ultraviolet radiation on the scintillation of pure and xenon-doped liquid argon
Creators: name: Agnes, P.
name: Berger, Q.
name: Bomben, M.
name: Campestrini, M.
name: Caravati, M.
name: Cortez, A. F. V.
name: Franco, D.
name: Galbiati, C.
name: Giovanetti, G. K.
name: Hessel, T.
name: Hidalgo, C.
name: Hoceini, S.
name: Houriez, C.
name: Kunzé, P.
name: Jamil, A.
name: Machts, J.
name: Nikoloudaki, E.
name: Pailot, D.
name: Pantic, E.
name: Savarese, C.
name: Stringari, P.
name: Sung, A.
name: Lavina, L. Scotto
name: Simon, J-M
name: de Souza, H. Vieira
name: Wada, M.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Zhang, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Xenon-Argon Technology (X-ArT) collaboration presents a study on the dynamics of pure and xenon-doped liquid argon (LAr) scintillation. Using two types of silicon photomultipliers sensitive to different wavelength ranges, we provide evidence in favor of a contribution from long-lived (>10 $μ$s) extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lines emitted from argon atomic states, which enhances the light yield. This component is present in both pure and xenon-doped LAr, becoming more pronounced at higher xenon concentrations, where it complements the traditional collisional energy transfer process. To explain this mechanism, we develop a comprehensive model of the Xe-doped LAr scintillation process that integrates both collisional and radiative contributions. Additionally, we investigate how xenon doping affects LAr scintillation light yield and pulse shape discrimination. Finally, we hypothesize that the EUV component may explain the emission of spurious electrons, a known challenge in light dark matter searches using noble liquids.
 By characterizing the scintillation dynamics in Xe-doped LAr, identifying the long-lived EUV component, and exploring the potential origin of spurious electrons, this work lays the groundwork for optimizing detector performance and advancing the design and sensitivity of future noble liquid particle detectors.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
The Role of ATAD3A and SLC25 Proteins in OPA1 Function
Creators: name: Wong, Jacob
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2014
Subjects: OPA1
Cristae
SLC25 proteins
ATAD3A
Metabolism
mtDNA
Mitochondria

description: OPA1 regulates cristae structure and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) maintenance. Recently, our lab identified ATAD3A and SLC25 proteins as OPA1 interactors. After validating these interactions by co-immunoprecipitation, the role of these proteins in OPA1 function was examined. Previously, ATAD3A was implicated in mtDNA maintenance. However, no change in mtDNA content or nucleoid number was observed in my studies following long-term and short-term ATAD3A knockdown suggesting that OPA1 maintains mtDNA independently of ATAD3A. Previous data from our lab demonstrates that OPA1 oligomerization and cristae structure is altered by nutrients. SLC25 proteins transport nutrients into mitochondria. Therefore, OPA1 oligomerization and cristae structure was analyzed following SLC25 protein inhibition and knockdown. Decreased OPA1 oligomerization and cristae remodeling was observed following SLC25 protein inhibition and OGC knockdown. In addition these changes correlate with decreased ATP synthase monomers and oligomers suggesting that cristae remodeling may affect metabolism. Overall, these studies enhance our understanding of OPA1 function.
title: Cultural Diversity and Non-formal Health Education in Dzaleka Refugee Camp
Creators: name: Mchenga, Promise
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Bilingual, Multilingual, and Multicultural Education
subject: Education

description: Malawi is one of the African countries that hosts thousands of refugees mostly from Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, Burundi, Somalia and other African countries. These refugees come from various cultural backgrounds. Their cultural diversity is visible in languages, tribes, spiritual beliefs, food, dances and etiquette. Even though these refugees are all around the country, their concentration at Dzaleka Refugee Camp is usually over 10,000 at any given period of the year. Amidst the refugees finding a relatively safe place in Dzaleka Refugee Camp, they however face community health challenges as any other reasonably stable community. In worst cases, health challenges in the camp are worse than the surrounding communities. In response to these health challenges, the need for a hygienic environment and health community members, various organizations provide non-formal health education in the camp. These organizations come from within and outside the camp. Non-formal health education in the camp strives to help the community use the information for sanitary living as a preventative measure to illness. However, non-formal health education finds itself taking place in this culturally diverse community. This project interviewed 40 non-formal health education participants in the community to inquire about their views on cultural diversity's interaction with non-formal health education. This project finds that communication, personal value judgement and lack of non-formal health education resources are the main perceived challenges that cultural diversity poses in non-formal health education in the camp. Finally, the project finds that creating a support system through recruiting local staff and making use of community relationships are key strategies in adapting non-formal health education in such a culturally diverse community.
Low-density functionalized amorphous carbon nanofoam as binder-free Supercapacitor electrode
Creators: name: Ghosh, Subrata
name: Righi, Massimiliano
name: Macrelli, Andrea
name: Goto, Francesco
name: Agozzino, Marco
name: Bussetti, Gianlorenzo
name: Russo, Valeria
name: Bassi, Andrea Li
name: Casari, Carlo S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanoporous carbon materials containing small domains of sp2-carbon with highly disordered structures are promising for supercapacitor applications. Herein, we synthesize amorphous carbon nanofoam with 98% volumetric void fraction and low mass density of around 30 mg/cm3 by pulsed laser deposition at room temperature. With the unavoidable oxygen functional groups on the nanoporous surface, carbon nanofoam and nitrogen-functionalized carbon nanofoams are directly grown on the desired substrate under different background gases (Ar, N2, N2-H2), and employed as supercapacitor electrodes. Among the background gases used in synthesis, the use of nitrogen yields nanofoam with higher thickness and more N-content with higher graphitic-N. From the test of amorphous carbon nanofoam supercapacitor device, nitrogenated amorphous carbon electrode shows a higher areal capacitance of 4.1 mF/cm2 at 20 mV/s in aqueous electrolyte, a better capacitance retention at higher current, and excellent cycle stability (98%) over 10000 charge-discharge cycles are achieved compared to not-functionalized counterpart prepared under Ar background gas (2.7 mF/cm2 and cycle stability of 88%).
description: 18 pages main article, 3 pages supporting material, 7 figures, 6 supporting figures, 3 table
Anti-Asian discrimination and the Asian-white mental health gap during COVID-19
Creators: name: Wu, Cary
name: Qian, Yue
name: Wilkes, Rima
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to widespread mental health issues. In this article, we consider how, due to a spike in anti-Asian hate crimes across the country, Asians might face a disproportionate mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Analyzing data from the University of Southern California’s Center for Economic and Social Research Understanding Coronavirus in America survey, we report several major findings. First, since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, Asians (Asian Americans in particular) have experienced higher levels of mental disorders than whites. Second, Asian Americans and Asian immigrants are about twice as likely as whites to report having encountered instances of COVID-19-related acute discrimination. Third, experiences of COVID-19-associated discrimination have led to increased mental disorders for all Americans. Finally, COVID-19-related acute discrimination partially explains the disproportionate mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Asians. In conclusion, we highlight the importance of tackling hate, violence, and discrimination so as to address the disproportionate mental health impatcs of COVID-19 on minority populations.
Effects of Striker Compliance on Dynamic Response and Brain Tissue Strain for Helmeted Ice Hockey Impacts
Creators: name: De Grau Amezcua, Santiago
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biomechanics
Hockey
Concussion
Helmet

description: The effect of striking compliance in ice hockey impacts, and its influence on dynamic response and brain tissue strain was investigated in this study. In hockey, players can experience a broad range of striking/surface compliance during a head impact, from the stiff ice surface to highly compliant player collisions. An increase in striking compliance has been shown to extend the duration of an impact that is associated with an increase in risk of sustaining brain injuries. Three striking caps of low, medium, and high compliance were used to impact a helmeted 50th percentile Hybrid III male headform attached to an unbiased neckform. Each level of compliance was used to impact five high risk locations at three different velocities, representative of head impact scenarios in ice hockey. The dependent variables, peak resultant linear accelerations and peak resultant rotational acceleration as well as MPS, were analyzed using a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) to determine if there were significant differences between the three controlled variables. The results demonstrate a significant effect of compliance, over the influence of velocity and acceleration. Conditions of low impact compliance resulted in higher response values compared to impacts of increased compliance. That being said, high compliance conditions remained in the range of concussion risk, even at the lowest velocity. The use of brain tissue modeling, compared to dynamic response alone, demonstrated an elevated risk of brain injury as a result of extended impact durations. Impact compliance in hockey is a factor that has not been considered when designing and testing helmet technology. The results of this study demonstrate that compliance is a determining factor in producing brain injury, and should be incorporated into helmet standard testing to mitigate risk. The results of this study have implications on brain injury risk that extend beyond the impacting scenarios of ice hockey. The results can be extrapolated to any contact sport that includes impacting scenarios against varied impacting compliances such as football and rugby.
Fröhlich versus Bose-Einstein Condensation in Pumped Bosonic Systems
Creators: name: Xu, Wenhao
name: Bagrov, Andrey A.
name: Chowdhury, Farhan T.
name: Smith, Luke D.
name: Kattnig, Daniel R.
name: Kappen, Hilbert J.
name: Katsnelson, Mikhail I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnon-condensation, which emerges in pumped bosonic systems at room temperature, continues to garner great interest for its long-lived coherence. While traditionally formulated in terms of Bose-Einstein condensation, which typically occurs at ultra-low temperatures, it could potentially also be explained by Fröhlich-condensation, a hypothesis of Bose-Einstein-like condensation in living systems at ambient temperatures. This prompts general questions relating to fundamental differences between coherence phenomena in open and isolated quantum systems. To that end, we introduce a simple model of bosonic condensation in an open quantum system (OQS) formulation, wherein bosons dissipatively interact with an oscillator (phonon) bath. Our derived equations of motion for expected boson occupations turns out to be similar in form to the rate equations governing Fröhlich-condensation. Provided that specific system parameters result in correlations that amplify or diminish the condensation effects, we thereby posit that our treatment offers a better description of high-temperature condensation compared to traditional formulations obtained using equilibrium thermodynamics. By comparing our OQS derivation with the original uncorrelated and previous semi-classical rate equations, we furthermore highlight how both classical anti-correlations and quantum correlations alter the bosonic occupation distribution.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, plus supplementary material (8 pages)
Finite-size scaling and dynamics in a two-dimensional lattice of identical oscillators with frustrated couplings
Creators: name: Juhász, Róbert
name: Ódor, Géza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two-dimensional lattice of oscillators with identical (zero) intrinsic frequencies and Kuramoto type of interactions with randomly frustrated couplings is considered. Starting the time evolution from slightly perturbed synchronized states, we study numerically the relaxation properties, as well as properties at the stable fixed point which can also be viewed as a metastable state of the closely related XY spin glass model. According to our results, the order parameter at the stable fixed point shows generally a slow, reciprocal logarithmic convergence to its limiting value with the system size. The infinite-size limit is found to be close to zero for zero-centered Gaussian couplings, whereas, for a binary $\pm 1$ distribution with a sufficiently high concentration of positive couplings, it is significantly above zero. Besides, the relaxation time is found to grow algebraically with the system size. Thus, the order parameter in an infinite system approaches its limiting value inversely proportionally to $\ln t$ at late times $t$, similarly to that found in the model with all-to-all couplings [Daido, Chaos {\bf 28}, 045102 (2018)]. As opposed to the order parameter, the energy of the corresponding XY model is found to converge algebraically to its infinite-size limit.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Stable Thin Clathrate Layers
Creators: name: Pospíšilová, Eva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore elemental Si, Ge and Sn free-standing slabs in diamond, clathrate and other competing structures and evaluate their stability by comparing Kohn-Sham total energies at the same atoms/area coverage $ρ$. We find that within 3-6 ML range (in units of diamond monolayer), the surface energy stabilizes clathrates against the bulk-stable diamond structure or other competitors, for all three elements. At~1.3-1.6 ML coverages, Si and Ge stable layers are adatomic decorations of the puckered honeycomb lattice, forming a dumbbell--decorated pattern with rectangular unit cell. Analogical Sn layer is unstable to a web-like net of interconnected Sn$_9$ clusters. The zoo of stable thin-layer non-diamond structures is completed by a Sn metallic bilayer at 2.3 ML coverage.
description: 7 figures, 19 pages plus 55-page Supplemental Material
CAD-NeRF: Learning NeRFs from Uncalibrated Few-view Images by CAD Model Retrieval
Creators: name: Wen, Xin
name: Zhu, Xuening
name: Yi, Renjiao
name: Wang, Zhifeng
name: Zhu, Chenyang
name: Xu, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reconstructing from multi-view images is a longstanding problem in 3D vision, where neural radiance fields (NeRFs) have shown great potential and get realistic rendered images of novel views. Currently, most NeRF methods either require accurate camera poses or a large number of input images, or even both. Reconstructing NeRF from few-view images without poses is challenging and highly ill-posed. To address this problem, we propose CAD-NeRF, a method reconstructed from less than 10 images without any known poses. Specifically, we build a mini library of several CAD models from ShapeNet and render them from many random views. Given sparse-view input images, we run a model and pose retrieval from the library, to get a model with similar shapes, serving as the density supervision and pose initializations. Here we propose a multi-view pose retrieval method to avoid pose conflicts among views, which is a new and unseen problem in uncalibrated NeRF methods. Then, the geometry of the object is trained by the CAD guidance. The deformation of the density field and camera poses are optimized jointly. Then texture and density are trained and fine-tuned as well. All training phases are in self-supervised manners. Comprehensive evaluations of synthetic and real images show that CAD-NeRF successfully learns accurate densities with a large deformation from retrieved CAD models, showing the generalization abilities.
description: The article has been accepted by Frontiers of Computer Science (FCS)
A Study of the Impact of an Introduced Herbivore on Pollinator-mediated Interactions and Female Fitness in 'Lythrum salicaria'
Creators: name: Russell-Mercier, Jake L.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: Lythrum salicaria
Galerucella beetles
invasive species
biological control
herbivory
indirect effects
multispecies interactions
pollinator visitation

description: Herbivory can have many effects on plant fitness, including altering plant-pollinator interactions and sexual reproduction in angiosperms. Pollinator-mediated interactions may be impacted when herbivores alter plant traits, such as floral display size, that can influence pollinator visitation rates, and, ultimately, the reproductive component of plant fitness. Here I describe an investigation into the indirect effects of feeding by beetles released as a biological control agent, Galerucella calmariensis and G. pusilla, on plant-pollinator interactions and reproductive output in the invasive plant Lythrum salicaria L. (purple loosestrife). During the summer of 2011, three treatments (low, ambient and mechanical herbivory) were applied to 105 plants during the pre-flowering period of growth. At the onset of flowering, a series of pollinator observations were conducted over the course of approximately 1.5 weeks. Several aspects of floral display were affected by the herbivory treatments, including increased inflorescence and flower production in the ambient and mechanical herbivory treatments, relative to the low herbivory treatment. Treatment type did not have a significant effect on the number of pollinator foraging bouts, but had marginally significant effects on the number of flowers probed per pollinator foraging bout and per 30-minutes. Moreover, treatment had a significant effect on the number of switches among the inflorescences on a single plant. I discuss the possibility that the differences in pollinator visitation were mediated by differences in the architecture and the size of floral display. There were no detectable differences in fruit or seed production (i.e., female fitness) among treatments. However, as I discuss, differences in pollinator visitation may affect other unmeasured aspects of fitness, such as the level of inbreeding or the number of seeds sired through male function.
A Study and Analysis of International Marketing Research in a Global Environment
Creators: name: Dr. Jose Prabhu Joseph John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150301 Business Information Management (incl. Records, Knowledge and Information Management, and Intelligence)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 159999 Commerce, Management, Tourism and Services not elsewhere classified
subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: 150499 Commercial Services not elsewhere classified
subject: 150501 Consumer-Oriented Product or Service Development
subject: 150304 Entrepreneurship
subject: 150305 Human Resources Management
subject: 150308 International Business
subject: 150503 Marketing Management (incl. Strategy and Customer Relations)
subject: 150504 Marketing Measurement
subject: 150505 Marketing Research Methodology
subject: 150506 Marketing Theory
subject: 150599 Marketing not elsewhere classified
subject: 150311 Organisational Behaviour
subject: 150310 Organisation and Management Theory
subject: 150314 Small Business Management
subject: 150302 Business Information Systems

description: This Article is expected to have four principle employments. To start with, it can fill in as a content for particular research in worldwide promoting research. It gives thorough inclusion of the different issues engaged with worldwide promoting examination of both a subjective and quantitative character. Moreover, it is material to issues experienced in the developing business sector nations particularly Singapore. Second, it is reasonable when enhanced with research articles, as an asset for a class on worldwide showcasing research. Third, it very well may be utilized as an advantageous content in promoting examination or universal advertising the board courses to round out material and themes identifying with global showcasing research. Fourth, it might demonstrate valuable to experts of global showcasing research, especially in connection to issues of instrument structure and scale advancement. It should be especially significant to the individuals who are simply starting to lead look into in numerous nations for their customers. The research is intended to enable researchers to make sound research structures that will take into consideration substantial and important surmising to be made. Consideration is paid to how similarity and comparability of results in various nations can be set up. Thought is given to the theoretical system that guides inquire about just as the methodological establishments. Therefore, the third version gives more prominent consideration to issues, for example, decentering of the examination configuration, scale advancement, estimation proportionality and unwavering quality, and multi-nation information investigation. Therefore, it is trusted that it will viably serve scholarly specialists keen on the hypothetical issues identifying with global and diverse research in showcasing.
Making the EU climate governance fit for net zero
Creators: name: Voß-Stemping, Judith
name: Duwe, Matthias
Publisher: name: Umweltbundesamt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Klimaneutralität
subject: EU Climate Law
subject: climate governance
subject: Fit for 55
subject: net zero emissions
subject: climate neutrality
subject: Climate | Energy

description: The paper "Making EU Governance Fit for Net Zero" analyses the current landscape of climate policy governance against eight core parameters at EU level and for Member States, and identifies a number of remaining weaknesses. Improvements should address several key processes, such as updating of the NECPs in 2023-2024 and of national LTSs and the new progress and consistency assessments under the EU Climate Law. The paper identifies a number of specific actions in 2022 and 2023 to enhance these processes: - Targeted revisions of the Governance Regulation,e., to improve standards for NECPs and LTSs and improve the overall alignment towards the climate neutrality goal (e.g., via the ESR); - A transparent process to develop progress monitoring based on net zero indicators to inform several processes (NECPs, LTSs, progress checks); - An update to the EU LTS to inform overall policy and the 2040 target and to as a coordinating hub for sectoral strategies; - A dialogue with Member States about where coordinated EU policy is needed most - and support to their efforts to improve governance (incl. greater emphasis on national LTSs). Quelle: www.umweltbundesamt.de
description: The paper “Making EU Governance Fit for Net Zero” analyses the current landscape of climate policy governance against eight core parameters at EU level and for Member States, and identifies a number of remaining weaknesses.  Improvements should address several key processes, such as updating of the NECPs in 2023-2024 and of national LTSs and the new progress and consistency assessments under the EU Climate Law.The paper identifies a number of specific actions in 2022 and 2023 to enhance these processes:Targeted revisions of the Governance Regulation,e., to improve standards for NECPs and LTSs and improve the overall alignment towards the climate neutrality goal (e.g., via the ESR);A transparent process to develop progress monitoring based on net zero indicators to inform several processes (NECPs, LTSs, progress checks);An update to the EU LTS to inform overall policy and the 2040 target and to as a coordinating hub for sectoral strategies;A dialogue with Member States about where coordinated EU policy is needed most – and support to their efforts to improve governance (incl. greater emphasis on national LTSs).
Formation Mechanism and Computational Modelling of Isle of Rum Plagioclase Stellates
Creators: name: Zhang, Steven
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2013
Subjects: plagioclase stellate
Rum
plagioclase stellates
Lattice Boltzmann
Immiscible
spinodal decomposition
epitaxy
phase transition
phase transitions
stochastic
formation hypothesis
plagioclase rays
plagioclase networks
macroscopic pattern
pattern formation
twinning
numerical model
unmixing
nucleation
crystallization

description: We propose a hypothesis and a numerical model for the formation of branching plagioclase textures visible at both macroscopic (∼cm to ∼m) and microscopic scale within melagabbro of the Isle of Rum, Scotland, based on macroscopic, microscopic observations and relevant geological history. The plagioclase crystals are typically linked as twins and form meshes of planar stellate structures (m-scale) with a large range in geometrical organization from patchy to radiating. Evidence of macroscopic crystal aggregation and alignment is attributed to interfacial free energy minimization at the microscopic scale during growth. Accordingly, a binary immiscible Lattice Boltzmann model was developed to simulate diffusion of simplified plagioclase in the melt phase. Isothermal phase transitions modelled via first order chemical reactions are subsequently coupled with stochastic dynamics at the crystal growth front to simulate energy minimization processes including twinning during crystallization in an igneous environment. The solid phase and the liquid phase are coupled with a temporal flexibility that sets the overall ratio between the rate of diffusion and chemical enrichment in the liquid state and the rate of crystallization. The parameter space of the model is explored extensively, followed by a reasonable transcription of physical parameters and an estimation of other parameters to construct realistic simulation scenarios yielding synthetic plagioclase stellates. The results are presented, analyzed and discussed. They appear to be in reasonable qualitative agreement with observations, and several aspects of the natural stellates such as the stellate spacing and long continuous stretches of plagioclase with epitaxial junctions seem to be in reasonable quantitative agreement with observations.
Variability Monitoring for Clinical Applications
Creators: name: Bravi, Andrea
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2014
Subjects: variability analysis
heart rate
respiratory rate
decision support systems
complex systems
clinical monitoring

description: Current monitoring tools in the intensive care units focus on displaying physiologically monitored parameters (e.g. vital signs such as heart rate, respiratory rate and blood pressure) at the present moment. Added clinical utility can be found by analyzing how the conditions of a patient evolve with time, and automatically relating that dynamics to population trends. Variability analysis consists of monitoring patterns of variation over intervals in time of physiological signals such as heart rate and respiratory rate. Given that illness has been associated in multiple studies with altered variability, most commonly lack of variation, variability monitoring represents a tool whose contribution at the bedside still needs to be explored. With the long term objective of improving care, this thesis promotes the use of variability analysis through three distinct types of analysis: facing the technical challenges involved with the dimensionality of variability analysis, enhancing the physiological understanding of variability, and showing its utility in real world clinical applications. In particular, the contributions of this thesis include: the review and classification into domains of a large array of measures of variability; the design of system and methods to integrate multiple measures of variability into a unique score, called composite measure, bringing relevant information to specific clinical problems; the comparison of patterns of heart rate variability during exercise and sepsis development, showing the inability of single measures of variability to discriminate between the two kinds of stressors; the analysis of variability produced from a physiologically-based model of the cardiovascular system, showing that each single measure of variability is an unspecific sensor of the body, thereby promoting multivariate analysis to the only means of understanding the physiology underlying variability; the study of heart rate variability in a population at high risk of sepsis development, showing the ability of variability to predict the occurrence of sepsis more than 48 hours in advance respect to the time of diagnosis of the clinical team; the study of heart and respiratory rate variability in intubated intensive care unit patients, showing how variability can provide a better way of assessing extubation readiness respect to commonly used clinical parameters. Overall, it is hoped that these novel contributions will help promoting bedside applications of variability monitoring to improve patient care.
Long-Term Caring: Canadian Literary Narratives of Personal Agency and Identity in Late Life
Creators: name: Life, Patricia
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2014
Subjects: age
nursing home
literature
identity
agency
narrative
genre
positive aging
decline and progress

description: This thesis analyses thirteen key literary texts taken from the last century of Canadian English-language publishing to assess how each text reveals, reinforces, and /or resists narratives of natural-aging, decline, progress and positive-aging. When considered together, these texts illustrate overall patterns in the evolution of age-related beliefs and behaviours. Stories have a potential emotional impact that scholarly readings do not, and thus the reading and study of these texts can serve to promote conscious intellectual consideration of the issues surrounding age and aging. My analysis focuses on how our Canadian literature envisages aging into old age, primarily addressing stories set in late-life-care facilities and comprising what I am naming our ‘nursing-home-narrative genre.’ Although my chapters follow a chronological progression, beginning with Catharine Parr Traill’s 1894 Pearls and Pebbles and concluding with Janet Hepburn’s 2013 Flee, Fly, Flown, I am not arguing that each age-related belief is replaced by a succeeding one. I would assert instead that over time Canadians have accumulated an assortment of age ideologies, some of which mesh and some of which duplicate or even contradict others. For example, although many people have embraced new positive-aging ideologies, aging-as-decline narratives still circulate strongly. Using social and literary theory as support, I argue that the selected literary texts of my analysis (Traill, Wilson, Laurence, Shields, Wright, Barfoot, Munro, Tostevin, Gruen, Hepburn, King) reveal a genre that is evolving quickly in both form and content. The nursing-home-narrative genre begins with gothic stories of fear of the nursing home, of aging and of death, expands to include darkly humorous stories featuring increasingly empowered residents successfully living within care homes, and is introducing, during the twenty-first century, fantastical stories of escape from the home and of return to youthful behaviours and preferable habitats. This most recent narrative joins the earlier ones to create a new master narrative in which aging people can overcome fear with agency and thus ultimately reject the nursing home and old age itself. However, in the most compelling of the new agency and escape narratives, authors lay a thin icing of entertainment over a dark undercurrent of reality.
Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays from ultra-fast outflows of active galactic nuclei
Creators: name: Ehlert, Domenik
name: Oikonomou, Foteini
name: Peretti, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate ultra-fast outflows (UFOs) in active galactic nuclei (AGN) as potential sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs). We focus on cosmic-ray nuclei, an aspect not explored previously. These large-scale, mildly-relativistic outflows, characterised by velocities up to half the speed of light, are a common feature of AGN. We study the cosmic-ray spectrum and maximum energy attainable in these environments with 3D CRPropa simulations and apply our method to 86 observed UFOs. Iron nuclei can be accelerated up to $\sim10^{20}\,$eV at the wind-termination shock in some UFOs, but the escaping flux is strongly attenuated due to photonuclear interactions with intense AGN photon fields. The maximum energy of nuclei escaping a typical UFO is limited by photodisintegration to below $\sim 10^{17}\,$eV. However, in the most extreme $5-10\%$ of UFOs, helium (nitrogen) [iron] nuclei can escape with energy exceeding $10^{17.4}$ ($10^{17.8}$) $[10^{18.4}]\,$eV. Protons and neutrons, either primaries or by-products of photodisintegration, escape UFOs with little attenuation, with half of the observed UFOs reaching energies exceeding $10^{18}\,$eV. Thus, UFOs emerge as viable sources of the diffuse cosmic-ray flux between the end of the Galactic cosmic-rays and the highest-energy extragalactic flux. For a few UFOs in our sample, nuclei escape without photodisintegration with energy up to $10^{19.8}\,$eV. This occurs during low-emission states of the AGN, which would make UFOs intermittent sources of UHECR nuclei up to the highest observed energies. The role of UFOs as UHECR sources is testable with neutrino telescopes due to a substantial accompanying flux of PeV neutrinos.
description: Accepted version. Supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15011972
Barrow Cosmology and Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Sheykhi, Ahmad
name: Shahbazi, Ava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using thermodynamics-gravity conjecture, we present the formal derivation of the modified Friedmann equations inspired by the Barrow entropy, $S\sim A ^{1+δ/2}$, where $0\leqδ\leq 1$ is the Barrow exponent and $A$ is the horizon area. We then constrain the exponent $δ$ by using Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) observational data. In order to impose the upper bound on the Barrow exponent $δ$, we set the observational bound on $\left| \frac{δT_f} {T_f }\right|$. We find out that the Barrow parameter $δ$ should be around $ δ\simeq 0.01$ in order not to spoil the BBN era. Next we derive the bound on the Barrow exponent $δ$ in a different approach in which we analyze the effects of Barrow cosmology on the primordial abundances of light elements i.e. Helium $_{}^{4}\textit{He}$, Deuterium $D$ and Lithium $_{}^{7}\textit{Li}$. We observe that the deviation from standard Bekenstein-Hawking expression is small as expected. Additionally we present the relation between cosmic time $t$ and temperature $T$ in the context of modified Barrow cosmology. We confirm that the temperature of the early universe increases as the Barrow exponent $δ$ (fractal structure of the horizon) increases, too.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, Accepted in Phys. Rev. D
Thermoelectric effect in a superconductor with Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces
Creators: name: Sano, Tomoya
name: Sato, Takumi
name: Sasaki, Akihiro
name: Ikegaya, Satoshi
name: Kobayashi, Shingo
name: Asano, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the thermoelectric effect in a superconducting state having the Bogoliubov-Fermi surfaces which stays in a thin superconducting layer between a conventional superconductor and an insulator. The thermoelectric coefficients calculated based on the linear response theory show the remarkable anisotropy in real space, which are explained well by the anisotropic shape of the Bogoliubov-Fermi surface in momentum space. Our results indicate a way to check the existence of the Bogoliubov-Fermi surfaces in a stable superconducting state because the anisotropy is controlled by the direction of an applied magnetic field.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures,
Gendered Nature of Cyber Victimization as a Mechanism of Social Control
Creators: name: Hill, Cassandra
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: Social Control
Feminist theory
Cyber harassment
Cyber misogyny

description: This research used a deductive post-hoc statistical design and Statistics Canada’s 2009 General Social Survey on victimization to explore the social control function of cyber victimization and determine whether this is gendered. Social control was operationalized as a composite measure of self-responsibilization. A multiple regression analysis identified predictors of social control and additional multiple regression models were used for a gender specific examination of social control. A total of 14 predictor variables were entered into three blocks: cyber victimization; sociodemographic characteristics; and violent victimization in physical space. The results reveal that cyber victimization remains a significant predictor of social control in addition to gender, a number of other sociodemographic characteristics of respondents, and physical space victimization types. The findings suggest that the theory of social control, which has been applied to violence against women in physical space, can also be applied to cyber space victimizations. This study also provides insights into the compound effects of physical space and cyber space victimizations on women and identifies implications for policy, methods, and theories for addressing and examining violence against women in cyberspace.
Integral Roles for the Tight Junction Protein Claudin-6 in Regulating Epidermal Homeostasis
Creators: name: Larivière, Nathalie
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2014
Subjects: Claudins
Tight Junctions
Epidermis
Signaling

description: Forming and maintaining an intact epidermal permeability barrier (EPB) is necessary to mammalian health and dysregulation of this process can result in serious complications. Tight junctions (TJs) and their integral proteins the Claudins (Cldns) have both structural and signaling importance to the skin barrier and the latter is most likely mediated via Cldn tail interaction with cytoplasmic proteins. Given that the family member Cldn6 is known to be important to EPB function, we set out to determine the contribution of its cytoplasmic tail domain to TJ-mediated homoeostasis. Using transgenic mouse models, we overexpressed epidermal-targeted tail truncation mutants and assessed EPB formation and maintenance. We then used yeast 2-hybrid and quantitative proteomic approaches to identify proteins that interact with this tail region and to assess the downstream effects of overexpressing these proteins in human keratinocytes in culture. We demonstrate that a 10 amino acid region in the cytoplasmic tail is required for efficient epidermal maturation and injury repair and that our mouse models may be applicable to postnatal epidermal maturation and human skin aging studies. We show that in addition to the known interacting partner ZO1, the C-terminal tail of Cldn6 also binds FIZ1 (Flt3 interacting zinc finger protein-1), which we characterize for the first time as a mitogenic factor for keratinocytes. FIZ1 stimulates autocrine pathways involving secreted heparin-binding factors IGFBP3 and DKK1, sensitization to IGF signaling, MAP/ERK activation and increased G1 progression. Specific transcription factors, protein kinases and signaling scaffolds that we identified as novel FIZ1-binding partners likely mediate this signaling. Our studies on the Cldn6 cytoplasmic tail support the importance of this region for epidermal maturation and for maintenance of skin homeostasis throughout life. They also delineate the potential for tail interactors such as ZO1 and FIZ1 to act in concert with Cldns in TJ-based signaling networks to regulate the balance between proliferation and differentiation in keratinocytes. These findings provide new insight into the role of the Cldn6 cytoplasmic tail and will ultimately aid in the development of new diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches for the treatment of skin conditions rooted in barrier defects.
Learning-Guided Fuzzing for Testing Stateful SDN Controllers
Creators: name: Ollando, Raphaël
name: Shin, Seung Yeob
name: Briand, Lionel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Controllers for software-defined networks (SDNs) are centralised software components that enable advanced network functionalities, such as dynamic traffic engineering and network virtualisation. However, these functionalities increase the complexity of SDN controllers, making thorough testing crucial. SDN controllers are stateful, interacting with multiple network devices through sequences of control messages. Identifying stateful failures in an SDN controller is challenging due to the infinite possible sequences of control messages, which result in an unbounded number of stateful interactions between the controller and network devices. In this article, we propose SeqFuzzSDN, a learning-guided fuzzing method for testing stateful SDN controllers. SeqFuzzSDN aims to (1) efficiently explore the state space of the SDN controller under test, (2) generate effective and diverse tests (i.e., control message sequences) to uncover failures, and (3) infer accurate failure-inducing models that characterise the message sequences leading to failures. In addition, we compare SeqFuzzSDN with three extensions of state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods for fuzzing SDNs. Our findings show that, compared to the extended SOTA methods, SeqFuzzSDN (1) generates more diverse message sequences that lead to failures within the same time budget, and (2) produces more accurate failure-inducing models, significantly outperforming the other extended SOTA methods in terms of sensitivity.
Microbiota-Host Symbiosis In First-Onset Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Creators: name: Mottawea, Walid Abd El-Fattah El-Sayed
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2015
Subjects: Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Gut Microbiota
Crohn's disease
Hydrogen Sulfide

description: At the author’s request, the abstract has been removed due to the confidential nature of the thesis. It will be added once the embargo period has passed.