cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Always-On Quantum Error Tracking with Continuous Parity Measurements
Creators: name: Mohseninia, Razieh
name: Yang, Jing
name: Siddiqi, Irfan
name: Jordan, Andrew N.
name: Dressel, Justin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate quantum error correction using continuous parity measurements to correct bit-flip errors with the three-qubit code. Continuous monitoring of errors brings the benefit of a continuous stream of information, which facilitates passive error tracking in real time. It reduces overhead from the standard gate-based approach that periodically entangles and measures additional ancilla qubits. However, the noisy analog signals from continuous parity measurements mandate more complicated signal processing to interpret syndromes accurately. We analyze the performance of several practical filtering methods for continuous error correction and demonstrate that they are viable alternatives to the standard ancilla-based approach. As an optimal filter, we discuss an unnormalized (linear) Bayesian filter, with improved computational efficiency compared to the related Wonham filter introduced by Mabuchi [New J. Phys. 11, 105044 (2009)]. We compare this optimal continuous filter to two practical variations of the simplest periodic boxcar-averaging-and-thresholding filter, targeting real-time hardware implementations with low-latency circuitry. As variations, we introduce a non-Markovian ``half-boxcar'' filter and a Markovian filter with a second adjustable threshold; these filters eliminate the dominant source of error in the boxcar filter, and compare favorably to the optimal filter. For each filter, we derive analytic results for the decay in average fidelity and verify them with numerical simulations.
description: 34 pages, 7 figures, published version
title: Conyza canadensis
title: Kanadisches Berufkraut (Conyza canadensis)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 7 Bilder des Kanadischen Berufkrauts.
Limits on primordial non-Gaussianities from BOSS galaxy-clustering data
Creators: name: D'Amico, Guido
name: Lewandowski, Matthew
name: Senatore, Leonardo
name: Zhang, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the power spectrum and the bispectrum of BOSS galaxy-clustering data using the prediction from the Effective Field Theory of Large-Scale Structure at one-loop order for $\textit{both}$ the power spectrum $\textit{and}$ the bispectrum. With $Λ$CDM parameters fixed to Planck preferred values, we set limits on three templates of non-Gaussianities predicted by many inflationary models: the equilateral, the orthogonal, and the local shapes. After validating our analysis against simulations, we find $f_{\rm NL}^{\rm equil.}= 207 \pm 292\, , f_{\rm NL}^{\rm orth.}= -68 \pm 73\, , f_{\rm NL}^{\rm loc.}= 52 \pm 34$, at $68\%$ confidence level. These bispectrum-based constraints from Large-Scale Structure, not far from the ones of WMAP, suggest promising results from upcoming surveys.
description: 18+19 pages, 8 figures; v3, PRD accepted version, improved pipeline and presentation, results not significantly changed
title: Erigeron acris
title: Scharfes Berufkraut (Erigeron acris)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 10 Bilder des Scharfen Berufkrauts.
Evolution of Magnetism in Magnetic Topological Semimetal NdSb$_x$Te$_{2-x+δ}$
Creators: name: Chhetri, Santosh Karki
name: Basnet, Rabindra
name: Wang, Jian
name: Pandey, Krishna
name: Acharya, Gokul
name: Nabi, Md Rafique Un
name: Upreti, Dinesh
name: Sakon, Josh
name: Mortazavi, Mansour
name: Hu, Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic topological semimetals LnSbTe (Ln = Lanthanide) have attracted intensive attention because of the presence of interplay between magnetism, topological, and electron correlations depending on the choices of magnetic Ln elements. Recently, varying Sb-Te composition has been found to effectively control the electronic and magnetic states in LnSbxTe$_{2-x}$. With this motivation, we report the evolution of magnetic properties with Sb-Te substitution in NdSb$_x$Te$_{2-x+δ}$. Our work reveals the interesting non-monotonic change in magnetic ordering temperature with varying composition stoichiometry. In addition, reducing the Sb content x drives the reorientation of moments from in-plane (ab-plane) to out-of-plane (c-axis) direction that results in the distinct magnetic structures for two end compounds NdTe$_2$ ($x = 0$) and NdSbTe ($x = 1$). Furthermore, the moment orientation in NdSb$_x$Te$_{2-x+δ}$ is also found to be strongly tunable upon application of weak magnetic field, leading to rich magnetic phases depending on the composition stoichiometry, temperature, and magnetic field. Such strong tuning of magnetism in this material establishes it as a promising platform for investigating tunable topological states and correlated topological physics.
description: 35 pages, 5 figures
Entangling metropolitan-distance separated quantum memories
Creators: name: Luo, Xi-Yu
name: Yu, Yong
name: Liu, Jian-Long
name: Zheng, Ming-Yang
name: Wang, Chao-Yang
name: Wang, Bin
name: Li, Jun
name: Jiang, Xiao
name: Xie, Xiu-Ping
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Bao, Xiao-Hui
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum internet gives the promise of getting all quantum resources connected, and it will enable applications far beyond a localized scenario. A prototype is a network of quantum memories that are entangled and well separated. Previous realizations are limited in the distance. In this paper, we report the establishment of remote entanglement between two atomic quantum memories physically separated by 12.5 km directly in a metropolitan area. We create atom-photon entanglement in one node and send the photon to a second node for storage. We harness low-loss transmission through a field-deployed fiber of 20.5 km by making use of frequency down-conversion and up-conversion. The final memory-memory entanglement is verified to have a fidelity of 90% via retrieving to photons. Our experiment paves the way to study quantum network applications in a practical scenario.
description: 9 pages in total, 4 figures in the main text, and 5 figures in the supplementary material
Dynamic Many Valued Logic Systems in Theoretical Economics
Creators: name: Lu, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper is an original attempt to understand the foundations of economic reasoning. It endeavors to rigorously define the relationship between subjective interpretations and objective valuations of such interpretations in the context of theoretical economics. This analysis is substantially expanded through a dynamic approach, where the truth of a valuation results in an updated interpretation or changes in the agent's subjective belief regarding the effectiveness of the selected action as well as the objective reality of the effectiveness of all other possible actions (i.e. consequence realization). Complications arise when the economic agent is presented with a set of actions that render ambiguous preference, or when the effectiveness of an action cannot be perceived upon its selection, thereby necessitating a different theory of choice and consequence realization.
The Weyl Character Formula, the half-spin representations, and equal rank subgroups
Creators: name: Gross, B.
name: Kostant, B.
name: Ramond, P.
name: Sternberg, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B10 (Primary) 11T24 (Secondary)

description: Let B be a reductive Lie subalgebra of a semi-simple Lie algebra of the same rank both over the complex numbers. To each finite dimensional irreducible representation $V_λ$ of F we assign a multiplet of irreducible representations of B with m elements in each multiplet, where m is the index of the Weyl group of B in the Weyl group of F. We obtain a generalization of the Weyl character formula; our formula gives the character of $V_λ$ as a quotient whose numerator is an alternating sum of the characters in the multiplet associated to $V_λ$ and whose denominator is an alternating sum of the characters of the multiplet associated to the trivial representation of F.
description: 5 pages, uses article.sty
The Spider DMA: A miniature radial differential mobility analyzer
Creators: name: Amanatidis, Stavros
name: Changhyuk Kim
name: Spielman, Steven R.
name: Lewis, Gregory S.
name: Hering, Susanne V.
name: Flagan, Richard C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The Spider DMA is a novel, miniaturized radial Differential Mobility Analyzer developed to provide size classification in the 10 – 500 nm range for applications requiring high portability and time resolution. Its external dimensions are ∼12 cm in diameter by 6 cm in height (excluding tubing); it weighs ∼350g, and is designed to operate at 0.6 – 1.5 L/min sheath and 0.3 L/min sample flowrates. It features a new sample inlet geometry that is designed to produce a uniform azimuthal particle distribution at the entrance of the classifier, optimized sample/sheath flow streams introduction in the classifier to minimize particle delays, and extension of the electric field interaction volume for ∼30% enhanced dynamic range. Based on three-dimensional finite element simulations of flows, electric fields, and particle trajectories, we demonstrate that the Spider DMA transfer functions can be predicted with high fidelity using a parameterized fit based on the Stolzenburg semi-analytical model. Experimental characterization of the instrument response with size-selected particles confirmed close agreement with model prediction; mobility size response is linear over three orders of magnitude in mobility span. Electrical ground shielding of the external surfaces of the DMA has been found to be necessary to avoid particle losses associated with field effects as the high voltage operating limit is approached. The mean deviation between the reference size of Polystyrene Latex Spheres and the Spider DMA measurement is less than 2%, corroborating its high sizing precision and potential for high quality size distribution measurements. Copyright © 2019 American Association for Aerosol Research
title: Erigeron neglectus
title: Verkanntes Berufkraut (Erigeron neglectus)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 5 Bilder des Verkannten Berufkrauts.
Experiences and Leadership Recommendations of African American CEOs at Fortune 500 Companies
Creators: Harper, Andre Maurice
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Adult education
African American businesspeople
Chief executive officers
African American leadership
Minorities

description: This study focused on five African American Fortune 500 CEOs and their leadership trajectory to becoming a Fortune 500 CEO, their recommendations to emerging leaders, ways in which they define diversity, how they leveraged diversity in their organizations and how if any the racial-social climate impacted how they navigated diversity within their organizations. The researcher identified only 16 African American current and former Fortune 500 CEOs in the history of the Fortune 500. Participants were interviewed either in person or via telephone with the exception of one who opted to submit questionnaire answers electronically.
      Participants completed a demographic data worksheet along with 10 interview questions. Two findings emerged as a result of this study: 1) All participants (100%) in this study agreed that a Fortune 500 CEOs leadership trajectory should encompass: leadership experience, educational degrees and institutions attended, mentorship and perseverance; 2) All participants (100%) believed they leveraged diversity in their organizations based on their definitions of the term and their methodical approach to incorporating it and; 2a) The majority of the participants (60%) believed that the racial-social climate has impacted their corporate diversity navigation by their actions whereas 40% believed the climate has no effect.
      This study included recommendations by the participants to aspiring CEOs and other minorities and researcher recommendations to Human Resource Professionals and White Executives. A recommendation by the researcher suggests that a study should be conducted on African American female corporate CEOs and their bouts with leading predominantly white organizations (i.e., critical incidents). The results of the demographic data correlations produced an outline of what characteristics makeup an African American Fortune 500 CEO, see Chapter 4.
Complete Integrability of Completely Integrable Systems
Creators: name: Beals, R.
name: Sattinger, D. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The question of complete integrability of evolution equations associated to $n\times n$ first order isospectral operators is investigated using the inverse scattering method. It is shown that for $n>2$, e.g. for the three-wave interaction, additional (nonlinear) pointwise flows are necessary for the assertion of complete integrability. Their existence is demonstrated by constructing action-angle variables. This construction depends on the analysis of a natural 2-form and symplectic foliation for the groups GL(n) and SU(n).}
title: Leontopodium alpinum
title: Alpen-Edelweiß (Leontopodium alpinum)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 13 Bilder des Alpen-Edelweißes.
Power Laws are Logarithmic Boltzmann Laws
Creators: name: Levy, M.
name: Solomon, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiplicative random processes in (not necessaryly equilibrium or steady state) stochastic systems with many degrees of freedom lead to Boltzmann distributions when the dynamics is expressed in terms of the logarithm of the normalized elementary variables. In terms of the original variables this gives a power-law distribution. This mechanism implies certain relations between the constraints of the system, the power of the distribution and the dispersion law of the fluctuations. These predictions are validated by Monte Carlo simulations and experimental data. We speculate that stochastic multiplicative dynamics might be the natural origin for the emergence of criticality and scale hierarchies without fine-tuning.
description: latex, 9 pages with 3 figures
Tidal Effects in Eccentric Coalescing Neutron Star Binaries
Creators: name: Vick, Michelle
name: Lai, Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamically formed compact object binaries may still be eccentric while in the LIGO/Virgo band. For a neutron star (NS) in an eccentric binary, the fundamental modes (f-modes) are excited at pericenter, transferring energy from the orbit to oscillations in the NS. We model this system by coupling the evolution of the NS f-modes to the orbital evolution of the binary as it circularizes and moves toward coalescence. NS f-mode excitation generally speeds up the orbital decay and advances the phase of the gravitational wave signal from the system. We calculate how this effect changes the timing of pericenter passages and examine how the cumulative phase shift before merger depends on the initial eccentricity of the system. This phase shift can be much larger for highly eccentric mergers than for circular mergers, and can be used to probe the NS equation of state.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, submitted
The elliptic gamma function and SL(3,Z) x Z^3
Creators: name: Felder, Giovanni
name: Varchenko, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The elliptic gamma function is a generalization of the Euler gamma function and is associated to an elliptic curve. Its trigonometric and rational degenerations are the Jackson q-gamma function and the Euler gamma function, respectively. The elliptic gamma function appears in Baxter's formula for the free energy of the eight-vertex model and in the hypergeometric solutions of the elliptic qKZB equations. In this paper, the properties of this function are studied. In particular we show that elliptic gamma functions are generalizations of automorphic forms of G=SL(3,Z) x Z^3 associated to a non-trivial class in H^3(G,Z).
description: 27 pages, LaTeX References added, minor corrections
title: Erigeron annuus
title: Einjähriger Feinstrahl (Erigeron annuus)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 5 Bilder des Einjährigen Feinstrahls.
Vacuum Birefringence in a Supercritical Magnetic Field and a Subcritical Electric Field
Creators: name: Kim, Chul Min
name: Kim, Sang Pyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent ultra-intense lasers of subcritical fields and proposed observations of the x-rays polarization from highly magnetized neutron stars of supercritical fields have attracted attention to vacuum birefringence, a unique feature of nonlinear electrodynamics. We propose a formulation of vacuum birefringence that incorporates the effects of the weaker electric field added to the extremely strong magnetic field. To do so, we first derive a closed analytical expression for the one-loop effective Lagrangian for the combined magnetic and electric fields by using an explicit formula of the one-loop effective Lagrangian for an arbitrarily strong magnetic field. We then employ the expression to derive the polarization and magnetization of the vacuum, from which the permittivity and permeability for weak probe fields are obtained. Finally, we find the refractive indices and the associated polarization vectors for the case of parallel magnetic and electric fields. The proposed formulation predicts that an electric field along the magnetic field reduces the birefringence and rotates the polarization vectors. Such effects should be taken into account for accurate polarimetry of the x-rays from magnetized neutron stars, which will prove the fundamental aspect of the strong field quantum electrodynamics (QED) and explore the extreme fields of astrophysical bodies.
CEA research letter supplementary material
Creators: name: Zhou, Shican
name: Lai, Ju
name: Che, Na
name: Fan, Kai
name: Zhao, Chuanliang
name: Long, Bojin
name: Yao, Chunyan
name: Zeng, Yu
name: Yu, Shaoqing
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This document contains information regarding the supplementary material related to our manuscript entitled "Emerging Role of SAMSN1+Mast Cells: Insights from Mendelian Randomization and Transcriptomic Analyses on Chronic Sinusitis and Obesity".
Additional file 1 of Effects of a four week detraining period on physical, metabolic, and inflammatory profiles of elderly women who regularly participate in a program of strength training
Creators: name: Celestrin, Carolina P.
name: Rocha, Guilherme Z.
name: Stein, Angelica M.
name: Dioze Guadagnini
name: Tadelle, Rafael M.
name: Saad, Mario J. A.
name: Oliveira, Alexandre G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 1 of Clinicopathologic analysis of microscopic tumor extension in glioma for external beam radiotherapy planning
Creators: name: Nie, Shulun
name: Zhu, Yufang
name: Yang, Jia
name: Xin, Tao
name: Xue, Song
name: Sun, Jujie
name: Mu, Dianbin
name: Chen, Zhaoqiu
name: Sun, Pengpeng
name: Yu, Jinming
name: Hu, Man
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Macroscopic tumor size before and after fixation, corresponding area retraction ratio for each case.
Additional file 1 of Development of a national survey on foot involvement among people with psoriatic arthritis in Australia using a best practice approach: a survey development protocol
Creators: name: Carter, Kate
name: Walmsley, Steven
name: Rome, Keith
name: Turner, Deborah E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Survey item revisions and refinements audit trail.
Action-Angle variables for the Gel'fand-Dikii flows
Creators: name: Beals, Richard
name: Sattinger, D. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using the scattering transform for $n^{th}$ order linear scalar operators, the Poisson bracket found by Gel'fand and Dikii, which generalizes the Gardner Poisson bracket for the KdV hierarchy, is computed on the scattering side. Action-angle variables are then constructed. Using this, complete integrability is demonstrated in the strong sense. Real action-angle variables are constructed in the self-adjoint case.
The high-energy radiation environment of the habitable-zone super-Earth LHS 1140b
Creators: name: Spinelli, R.
name: Borsa, F.
name: Ghirlanda, G.
name: Ghisellini, G.
name: Campana, S.
name: Haardt, F.
name: Poretti, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the last few years many exoplanets in the habitable zone (HZ) of M-dwarfs have been discovered, but the X-ray/UV activity of cool stars is very different from that of our Sun. The high-energy radiation environment influences the habitability, plays a crucial role for abiogenesis, and impacts planetary atmospheres. LHS 1140b is a super-Earth-size planet orbiting in the HZ of LHS 1140, an M4.5 dwarf at ~15 parsecs. We present the results of a Swift X-ray/UV observing campaign. We characterize for the first time the X-ray/UV radiation environment of LHS 1140b. We measure the variability of the near ultraviolet (NUV) flux and estimate the far ultraviolet (FUV) flux with a correlation between FUV and NUV flux of a sample of low-mass stars in the GALEX archive. We highlight the presence of a dominating X-ray source close to the J2000 coordinates of LHS 1140, characterize its spectrum, and derive an X-ray flux upper limit for LHS 1140. We find that this contaminant source could have influenced the previously estimated spectral energy distribution. No significant variation of the NUV flux of LHS 1140 is found over 3 months, and we do not observe any flare during the 38 ks on the target. LHS 1140 is in the 25th percentile of least variable M4-M5 dwarfs of the GALEX sample. Analyzing the UV flux experienced by the HZ planet LHS 1140b, we find that outside the atmosphere it receives a NUV flux <2% with respect to that of the present-day Earth, while the FUV/NUV ratio is ~100-200 times higher. This represents a lower limit to the true FUV/NUV ratio since the GALEX FUV band does not include Lyman-alpha, which dominates the FUV output of low-mass stars. This is a warning for future searches for biomarkers, which must take into account this high ratio. The relatively low level and stability of UV flux experienced by LHS 1140b should be favorable for its present-day habitability.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for pubblication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Time courses of cell migration. from Establishment of maternal blood supply to the placenta: insights into plugging, unplugging and trophoblast behaviour from an agent-based model
Creators: name: Rojan Saghian
name: Gib Bogle
name: James, Joanna L.
name: Clark, Alys R.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biological Engineering
Computational Biology

description: Supplementary figures illustrating time courses of cell migration as predicted by the agent based model described in this study.
Exact solution of the propagation of ON-OFF signals by dispersive waves
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Ken
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of ON-OFF signals with dispersive waves is examined in this study. An integral-form exact solution for a simple ON-OFF switching event is derived, which holds for any dispersion relation. The integral can be exactly calculated for two types of dispersion relations. Further, the analysis of these solutions shows that the ON-OFF signal propagates with the group velocity and that the boundary thickness of the signal increases with time, typically at a rate proportional to the square root of time, owing to dispersion. Additionally, an approximate solution for a general dispersion relation is derived, and a for a higher-complexity ON-OFF switching pattern is constructed.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 1 of The effects of anti-inflammatory agents as host-directed adjunct treatment of tuberculosis in humans: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Hayford, Frank Ekow Atta
name: Dolman, Robin Claire
name: Blaauw, Renee
name: Arista Nienaber
name: Smuts, Cornelius Mattheus
name: Malan, Linda
name: Ricci, Cristian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Database search results from Medline.
Derivations with Quantum Group Action
Creators: name: Hermisson, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81R50

description: The derivations of a left coideal subalgebra B of a Hopf algebra A which are compatible with the comultiplication of A (that is, the covariant first order differential calculi, as defined by Woronowicz, on a quantum homogeneous space) are related to certain right ideals of B. The correspondence is one-to-one if A is faithfully flat as a right B-module. This generalizes the result for B=A due to Woronowicz. A definition for the dimension of a first order differential calculus at a classical point is given. For the quantum 2-sphere S(q,c) of Podles under the assumptions "q is not a root of unity" and "c is not equal to -q^(2n)/(q^(2n)+1)^2" for all n=0,1,..., three 2-dimensional covariant first order differential calculi exist if c=0, one exists if c=-q/(q+1)^2 or c=q/(-q+1)^2 and none else. This extends a result of Podles.
description: 14 pages, LaTeX2e + AMS
Total positivity in exponential families with application to binary variables
Creators: name: Lauritzen, Steffen
name: Uhler, Caroline
name: Zwiernik, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E15, 62H99, 15B48

description: We study exponential families of distributions that are multivariate totally positive of order 2 (MTP2), show that these are convex exponential families, and derive conditions for existence of the MLE. Quadratic exponential familes of MTP2 distributions contain attractive Gaussian graphical models and ferromagnetic Ising models as special examples. We show that these are defined by intersecting the space of canonical parameters with a polyhedral cone whose faces correspond to conditional independence relations. Hence MTP2 serves as an implicit regularizer for quadratic exponential families and leads to sparsity in the estimated graphical model. We prove that the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) in an MTP2 binary exponential family exists if and only if both of the sign patterns $(1,-1)$ and $(-1,1)$ are represented in the sample for every pair of variables; in particular, this implies that the MLE may exist with $n=d$ observations, in stark contrast to unrestricted binary exponential families where $2^d$ observations are required. Finally, we provide a novel and globally convergent algorithm for computing the MLE for MTP2 Ising models similar to iterative proportional scaling and apply it to the analysis of data from two psychological disorders.
title: Artemisia umbelliformis
title: Echte Edelraute (Artemisia umbelliformis)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 7 Bilder der Echten Edelraute.
title: Artemisia genipi
title: Schwarze Edelraute (Artemisia genipi)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 6 Bilder der Schwarzen Edelraute.
Self-organized criticality, evolution and the fossil extinction record
Creators: name: Newman, M. E. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Statistical analysis indicates that the fossil extinction record is compatible with a distribution of extinction events whose frequency is related to their size by a power law with an exponent close to two. This result is in agreement with predictions based on self-organized critical models of extinction, and might well be taken as evidence of critical behaviour in terrestrial evolution. We argue however that there is a much simpler explanation for the appearance of a power law in terms of extinctions caused by stresses (either biotic or abiotic) to which species are subjected by their environment. We give an explicit model of this process and discuss its properties and implications for the interpretation of the fossil record.
description: 20 pages including 4 Postscript figures, written in LaTeX using RevTeX and epsfig.sty
title: Oxalis corniculata
title: Hornfrüchtiger Sauerklee (Oxalis corniculata)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 1 Bild des Hornfrüchtigen Sauerklees.
AutoOpt: A General Framework for Automatically Designing Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms with Diverse Structures
Creators: name: Zhao, Qi
name: Yan, Bai
name: Hu, Taiwei
name: Chen, Xianglong
name: Yang, Jian
name: Cheng, Shi
name: Shi, Yuhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Metaheuristics are widely recognized gradient-free solvers to hard problems that do not meet the rigorous mathematical assumptions of conventional solvers. The automated design of metaheuristic algorithms provides an attractive path to relieve manual design effort and gain enhanced performance beyond human-made algorithms. However, the specific algorithm prototype and linear algorithm representation in the current automated design pipeline restrict the design within a fixed algorithm structure, which hinders discovering novelties and diversity across the metaheuristic family. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a general framework, AutoOpt, for automatically designing metaheuristic algorithms with diverse structures. AutoOpt contains three innovations: (i) A general algorithm prototype dedicated to covering the metaheuristic family as widely as possible. It promotes high-quality automated design on different problems by fully discovering potentials and novelties across the family. (ii) A directed acyclic graph algorithm representation to fit the proposed prototype. Its flexibility and evolvability enable discovering various algorithm structures in a single run of design, thus boosting the possibility of finding high-performance algorithms. (iii) A graph representation embedding method offering an alternative compact form of the graph to be manipulated, which ensures AutoOpt's generality. Experiments on numeral functions and real applications validate AutoOpt's efficiency and practicability.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Emerging Topics in Computational Intelligence
title: Oxalis acetosella
title: Wald-Sauerklee (Oxalis acetosella)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 15 Bilder des Wald-Sauerklees.
Scharlemann's manifold is standard
Creators: name: Akbulut, Selman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In his 1974 thesis, Martin Scharlemann constructed a fake homotopy equivalence from a closed smooth manifold f:Q -> S^3 x S^1 # S^2 x S^2 and asked whether the manifold Q itself is diffeomorphic to S^3 x S^1 # S^2 x S^2. Here we answer this question affirmatively.
description: 14 pages, published version
Additional file 3 of Clinicopathologic analysis of microscopic tumor extension in glioma for external beam radiotherapy planning
Creators: name: Nie, Shulun
name: Zhu, Yufang
name: Yang, Jia
name: Xin, Tao
name: Xue, Song
name: Sun, Jujie
name: Mu, Dianbin
name: Chen, Zhaoqiu
name: Sun, Pengpeng
name: Yu, Jinming
name: Hu, Man
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3: Fig. S1. (a) Correlation between radiologic tumor size measured on MR imaging and macroscopic tumor size on enhancing gliomas. (b) Correlation between radiologic tumor size measured on MR imaging and histologic tumor size on enhancing gliomas. (c) Correlation between radiologic tumor size measured on MR imaging and macroscopic tumor size on non-enhancing gliomas. (d) Correlation between radiologic tumor size measured on MR imaging and histologic tumor size on non-enhancing gliomas.
Generalization of QCD$_3$ Symmetry-Breaking and Flavored Quiver Dualities
Creators: name: Aitken, Kyle
name: Baumgartner, Andrew
name: Choi, Changha
name: Karch, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the recently proposed symmetry breaking scenario of QCD$_3$ to the so-called "master" $(2+1)$d bosonization duality, which has bosonic and fermionic matter on both ends. Using anomaly arguments, a phase diagram emerges with several novel regions. We then construct $2+1$ dimensional dualities for flavored quivers using node-by-node dualization. Such dualities are applicable to theories which live on domain walls in QCD$_4$-like theories with dynamical quarks. We also derive dualities for quivers based on orthogonal and symplectic gauge groups. Lastly, we support the conjectured dualities using holographic constructions, even though several aspects of this holographic construction remain mostly qualitative.
description: 37+8 pages, 9 figures
An irregular spectral curve for the generation of bipartite maps in topological recursion
Creators: name: Branahl, Johannes
name: Hock, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 05A15, 14N10, 14H70, 30F30

description: We derive an efficient way to obtain generating functions of bipartite maps of arbitrary genus and boundary length using a spectral curve as initial data for the framework of topological recursion. Based on an earlier result of Chapuy and Fang counting these maps and having a structural proximity to topological recursion, we deduce the corresponding spectral curve which has a strong relation to the spectral curve giving rise to generating functions of ordinary maps. In contrast to ordinary maps, the spectral curve is an irregular one in the sense of Do and Norbury. It generalises the irregular curve for the enumeration of Grothendieck's dessins d'enfant.
description: 10 pages. v2: minor additions regarding irregular spectral curves
title: Drosera rotundifolia
title: Rundblättriger Sonnentau (Drosera rotundifolia)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 4 Bilder des Rundblättrigen Sonnentaus.
Extragalactic HI survey with FAST : First look of the pilot survey results
Creators: name: Kang, Jiangang
name: Zhu, Ming
name: Ai, Mei
name: Yu, Haiyang
name: Sun, Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As first data release of a pilot extragalactic HI survey with Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST),we extracted 544 extragalaxies from three-dimensional(3D) spectral data to perform interactive searching and computing, yielding global parameters for these detections, extending redshift ranges of HI 21cm line up to z = 0.04 ,which covers part of the sky region in right ascension(R.A. or $α$) and declination(Dec or $δ$) range $00^{\rm h} 47^{\rm m}< \rm R.A.(J2000)<23^{\rm h}22^{\rm m}$ and $+24^{\circ}<\rm Dec.(J2000) <+43^{\circ}$ . The S/N of 544 HI detections are greater than 5 flagged with code 1 to 4 based on baseline qualities or RFI contamination. Besides, we find 16 of which without any counterparts in the existing galaxy catalogs. The catalog can give a guidence for the future HI observation with FAST.
description: 23 pages,17 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in the Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics
title: Daphne mezereum
title: Gewöhnlicher Seidelbast (Daphne mezereum)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 9 Bilder des Gewöhnlichen Seidelbasts.
Influence of Cooling-Induced Compressibility on the Structure of Turbulent Flows and Gravitational Collapse
Creators: name: Vazquez-Semadeni, E.
name: Passot, T.
name: Pouquet, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of highly compressible turbulence, the compressibility arising from a small effective polytropic exponent $γ_e$ due to cooling. In the limit of small $γ_e$, the density jump at shocks is shown to be of the order of $e^{M^2}$. Without self-gravity, the density structures arising in the moderately compressible case consist mostly of patches separated by shocks and behaving like waves, while in the highly compressible case clearly defined long-lived object-like clouds emerge. When the forcing in the momentum equation is purely compressible, the rotational energy decays monotonically in time, indicating that the vortex-stretching term is not efficient in transferring energy to rotational modes. This property may be at the origin of the low amount of rotation found in interstellar clouds. Vorticity production is found to rely heavily on the presence of additional terms in the equations. In the presence of self-gravity, we suggest that turbulence can produce bound structures for $γ_e < 2(1-1/n)$, where $n$ is the typical dimensionality of the turbulent compressions. We support this result by means of numerical simulations in which, for sufficiently small $γ_e$, small-scale turbulent density fluctuations eventually collapse even though the medium is globally stable. This result is preserved in the presence of a magnetic field for supercritical mass-to-flux ratios. At larger polytropic exponents, turbulence alone is not capable of producing bound structures, and collapse can only occur when the medium is globally unstable. This mechanism is a plausible candidate for the differentiation between primordial and present-day stellar-cluster formation and for the low efficiency of star formation.
description: 20 pages, 12 Postscript figures. Uses aas2pp4.sty. Accepted in ApJ
A matter of performance & criticality: a review of rare-earth-based magnetocaloric intermetallic compounds for hydrogen liquefaction
Creators: name: Liu, Wei
name: Gottschall, Tino
name: Scheibel, Franziska
name: Bykov, Eduard
name: Aubert, Alex
name: Fortunato, Nuno
name: Beckmann, Benedikt
name: Döring, Allan M.
name: Zhang, Hongbin
name: Skokov, Konstantin
name: Gutfleisch, Olivler
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low efficiency of conventional liquefaction technologies based on the Joule-Thomson expansion makes liquid hydrogen currently not attractive enough for large-scale energy-related technologies that are important for the transition to a carbon-neutral society. Magnetocaloric hydrogen liquefaction has great potential to achieve higher efficiency and is therefore a crucial enabler for affordable liquid hydrogen. Cost-effective magnetocaloric materials with large magnetic entropy and adiabatic temperature changes in the temperature range of 77 $\sim$ 20 K under commercially practicable magnetic fields are the foundation for the success of magnetocaloric hydrogen liquefaction. Heavy rare-earth-based magnetocaloric intermetallic compounds generally show excellent magnetocaloric performances, but the heavy rare-earth elements (Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, and Tm) are highly critical in resources. Yttrium and light rare-earth elements (La, Ce, Pr, and Nd) are relatively abundant, but their alloys generally show less excellent magnetocaloric properties. A dilemma appears: higher performance or lower criticality? In this review, we study how cryogenic temperature influences magnetocaloric performance by first reviewing heavy rare-earth-based intermetallic compounds. Next, we look at light rare-earth-based, "mixed" rare-earth-based, and Gd-based intermetallic compounds with the nature of the phase transition order taken into consideration, and summarize ways to resolve the dilemma.
Implicit Pairs for Boosting Unpaired Image-to-Image Translation
Creators: name: Ginger, Yiftach
name: Danon, Dov
name: Averbuch-Elor, Hadar
name: Cohen-Or, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In image-to-image translation the goal is to learn a mapping from one image domain to another. In the case of supervised approaches the mapping is learned from paired samples. However, collecting large sets of image pairs is often either prohibitively expensive or not possible. As a result, in recent years more attention has been given to techniques that learn the mapping from unpaired sets. In our work, we show that injecting implicit pairs into unpaired sets strengthens the mapping between the two domains, improves the compatibility of their distributions, and leads to performance boosting of unsupervised techniques by over 14% across several measurements. The competence of the implicit pairs is further displayed with the use of pseudo-pairs, i.e., paired samples which only approximate a real pair. We demonstrate the effect of the approximated implicit samples on image-to-image translation problems, where such pseudo-pairs may be synthesized in one direction, but not in the other. We further show that pseudo-pairs are significantly more effective as implicit pairs in an unpaired setting, than directly using them explicitly in a paired setting.
Additional file 1 of RNA m6A Alterations Induced by Biomineralization Nanoparticles: A Proof-of-Concept Study of Epitranscriptomics for Nanotoxicity Evaluation
Creators: name: Pan, Jinbin
name: Wang, Jiaojiao
name: Fang, Kun
name: Hou, Wenjing
name: Li, Bing
name: Zhao, Jie
name: Ma, Xinlong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Sequences of PCR primers; FT-IR spectra, Zeta potential, hydrodynamic sizes, absorption spectra, fluorescence spectra, and magnetic resonance imaging of NPs; cell viabilities; cellular uptaken rates of NPs; GO and KEGG analysis; PCR analysis, and Western blot analysis.
title: Daphne alpina
title: Alpen-Seidelbast (Daphne alpina)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 1 Bild des Alpen-Seidelbasts.