cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ECLIPSE: a fast Quadratic Maximum Likelihood estimator for CMB intensity and polarization power spectra
Creators: name: Bilbao-Ahedo, J. D.
name: Barreiro, R. B.
name: Vielva, P.
name: Martínez-González, E.
name: Herranz, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ECLIPSE (Efficient Cmb poLarization and Intensity Power Spectra Estimator), an optimized implementation of the Quadratic Maximum Likelihood (QML) method for the estimation of the power spectra of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). This approach allows one to reduce significantly the computational costs associated to this technique, allowing to estimate the power spectra up to higher multipoles than previous implementations. In particular, for a resolution of $N_\mathrm{side}=64$, $\ell_{\mathrm{max}}=192$ and a typical Galactic mask, the number of operations can be reduced by approximately a factor of 1000 in a full analysis including intensity and polarization with respect to an efficient direct implementation of the method. In addition, if one is interested in studying only polarization, it is possible to obtain the power spectra of the E and B modes with a further reduction of computational resources without degrading the results. We also show that for experiments observing a small fraction of the sky, the Fisher matrix becomes singular and, in this case, the standard QML can not be applied. To solve this problem, we have developed a binned version of the method that is unbiased and of minimum variance. We also test the robustness of the QML estimator when the assumed fiducial model differs from that of the sky and show the performance of an iterative approach. Finally, we present a comparison of the results obtained by QML and a pseudo-$C_{\ell}$ estimator (NaMaster) for a next-generation satellite, showing that, as expected, QML produces significantly smaller errors at low multipoles. The ECLIPSE fast QML code developed in this work will be made publicly available.
description: 51 pages, 17 figures, 6 tables
Conjectures on Partitions of Integers as Summations of Primes
Creators: name: Smarandache, Florentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11P82

description: In this short note we present a class of conjectures on partitions of integers as summations of primes, which are extensions of Goldbach conjecture.
description: 3 pages
Optical Spectroscopy of the environment of a ULX in NGC 7331
Creators: name: Abolmasov, Pavel K.
name: Swartz, Douglas A.
name: Fabrika, S.
name: Ghosh, Kajal K.
name: Sholukhova, O.
name: Tennant, Allyn F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical photometric and spectroscopic data are presented that show an association of an ultraluminous X-ray source in NGC 7331 with a young star cluster of mass 1.1e5 solar masses and age 4.25 Myr. If the ULX is part of the bright stellar cluster, then the mass of the progenitor of the compact accretor must have been greater than about 40-50 solar masses in order to already have evolved through the supernova stage to a compact object. The companion star is also likely an evolved massive star. The emission line spectrum of the nebula surrounding the cluster can be interpreted as a result of photoionization by the cluster OB stars with an additional source of shock excitation producing strong [SII], [OI] and NII lines. This additional source appears to be as much as five times more powerful than the supernovae and stellar winds in the cluster can provide. Additional mechanical energy input associated with the ULX itself can help explain the residual shock excited line luminosities of the emission region.
description: 17 pages, accepted to ApJ
Competition between local and nonlocal dissipation effects in two-dimensional quantum Josephson junction arrays
Creators: name: Polak, T. P.
name: Kopec, T. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the local and nonlocal dissipation effects on the existence of the global phase coherence transitions in two dimensional Josephson-coupled junctions. The quantum phase transitions are also examined for various lattice geometries: square, triangular and honeycomb. The T=0 superconductor-insulator phase transition is analyzed as a function of several control parameters which include self-capacitance and junction capacitance and both local and nonlocal dissipation effects. We found the critical value of the nonlocal dissipation parameter α_{1} depends on a geometry of the lattice. The critical value of the normal state conductance seems to be difficult to obtain experimentally if we take into consideration different damping mechanisms which are presented in real physical systems.
description: accepted to Physica C Ref. No.: PHYSC-D-06-00244R1
D7.2 First set of recommendations for future research agendas
Creators: name: Chartier, Olivier
name: Miller, David
name: Panoutsopoulos, Hercules
name: Espejo Garcia, Borja
name: Schwarz, Gerald
name: Irvine, Katherine
name: Iadecola, Francesco
name: Bertolozzi, Daniele
name: Al-ajlani, Haya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The aim of this Deliverable, D7.2, is to present the first set of recommendations for future research agenda based on the work done by the SHERPA partners during the first 24 months of the project. The recommendation focuses on priorities for policy affecting rural areas that will align with strategies of the EU. It uses the evidence and recommendations produced in Phase 1 of the Discussion and Position Papers of the SHERPA Multi-Actor Platforms (MAPs), the SHERPA Position Papers, supported by evidence from high level
 recommendations harvested from other EU funded projects.
Electrophoretic Molecular Communication with Time-Varying Electric Fields
Creators: name: Cho, Sunghwan
name: Sykes, Thomas C.
name: Coon, Justin P.
name: Castrejón-Pita, Alfonso A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article investigates a novel electrophoretic molecular communication mechanism that utilizes a time-varying electric field, which induces time-varying molecule velocities and in turn improves communication performance. For a sinusoidal field, we specify favorable signal parameters (e.g., phase and frequency) that yield excellent communication link performance. We also analytically derive an optimized field function by formulating an appropriate cost function and solving the Euler-Lagrange equation. In our setup, the field strength is proportional to the molecular velocity; we verify this assumption by solving the Basset-Boussinesq-Oseen equation for a given time-varying electric field (forcing function) and examining its implications for practical physical parameterizations of the system. Our analysis and Monte-Carlo simulation results demonstrate that the proposed time-varying approach can significantly increase the number of information-carrying molecules expected to be observed at the receiver and reduce the bit-error probability compared to the constant field benchmark.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures
Relativistic Jets and Long-Duration Gamma-ray Bursts from the Birth of Magnetars
Creators: name: Bucciantini, N.
name: Quataert, E.
name: Arons, J.
name: Metzger, B. D.
name: Thompson, Todd A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present time-dependent axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the interaction of a relativistic magnetized wind produced by a proto-magnetar with a surrounding stellar envelope, in the first $\sim 10$ seconds after core collapse. We inject a super-magnetosonic wind with $\dot E = 10^{51}$ ergs s$^{-1}$ into a cavity created by an outgoing supernova shock. A strong toroidal magnetic field builds up in the bubble of plasma and magnetic field that is at first inertially confined by the progenitor star. This drives a jet out along the polar axis of the star, even though the star and the magnetar wind are each spherically symmetric. The jet has the properties needed to produce a long-duration gamma-ray burst (GRB). At $\sim 5$ s after core bounce, the jet has escaped the host star and the Lorentz factor of the material in the jet at large radii $\sim 10^{11}$ cm is similar to that in the magnetar wind near the source. Most of the spindown power of the central magnetar escapes via the relativistic jet. There are fluctuations in the Lorentz factor and energy flux in the jet on $\sim 0.01-0.1$ second timescale. These may contribute to variability in GRB emission (e.g., via internal shocks).
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted in MNRAS letter, presented at the conference "Astrophysics of Compact Objects", 1-7 July, Huangshan, China
Summa theologiae, pars tertia
Creators: name: Thomas
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1400

description: Thomas de Aquino
description: Unvollständige Handschrift: Die ersten Blätter und die letzte Lage fehlen. Letztere enthielt vermutlich Quaestio LXXXVIII, Art. 4, Quaestio LXXXIX, Quaestio XC sowie wahrscheinlich einen Index Quaestionum zu diesem Teil der Summa, wie er in den weitaus meisten Handschriften vorhanden ist.
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Lateinisch
description: Aus dem Basler Predigerkloster; von dort auch die alten Signaturen, G 284 und G 91, auf Ar. Besitzeintrag "fratrum ordinis predicatorum conventus basiliensis" im vorderen Deckel und "conventus basiliensis ordinis predicatorum" auf Ar.
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Dez. 2009 Titel, Jahr und Signatur nach: unpublizierte Beschreibung
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Sept. 2014 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Minimalaufnahme nach: unpublizierte Beschreibung
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Oktober 2023 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Ergänzung der Minimalaufnahme nach Autopsie und ungedruckter Beschreibung
description: Digitalisierung=Digitization=Numérisation November 2023 TIFF
description: Erschliessungsniveau Minimalniveau
description: Beilagen: Drei Papierfetzen, gefunden vor Bl. 28, 72 und 312, separiert und neu verpackt im Oktober 2023. Das Papierstück von Bl. 72 enthält auf einer Seite lateinische Wortfragmente, die anderen beiden sind nicht beschriftet.
Substrate-induced bandgap in graphene on hexagonal boron nitride
Creators: name: Giovannetti, Gianluca
name: Khomyakov, Petr A.
name: Brocks, Geert
name: Kelly, Paul J.
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the electronic structure of a graphene sheet on top of a lattice-matched hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) substrate using ab initio density functional calculations. The most stable configuration has one carbon atom on top of a boron atom, the other centered above a BN ring. The resulting inequivalence of the two carbon sites leads to the opening of a gap of 53 meV at the Dirac points of graphene and to finite masses for the Dirac fermions. Alternative orientations of the graphene sheet on the BN substrate generate similar band gaps and masses. The band gap induced by the BN surface can greatly improve room temperature pinch-off characteristics of graphene-based field effect transistors.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Phys. Rev. B, in press
COVID-19 sentiment analysis via deep learning during the rise of novel cases
Creators: name: Chandra, Rohitash
name: Krishna, Aswin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Social scientists and psychologists take interest in understanding how people express emotions and sentiments when dealing with catastrophic events such as natural disasters, political unrest, and terrorism. The COVID-19 pandemic is a catastrophic event that has raised a number of psychological issues such as depression given abrupt social changes and lack of employment. Advancements of deep learning-based language models have been promising for sentiment analysis with data from social networks such as Twitter. Given the situation with COVID-19 pandemic, different countries had different peaks where the rise and fall of new cases affected lock-downs which directly affected the economy and employment. During the rise of COVID-19 cases with stricter lock-downs, people have been expressing their sentiments in social media. This can provide a deep understanding of human psychology during catastrophic events. In this paper, we present a framework that employs deep learning-based language models via long short-term memory (LSTM) recurrent neural networks for sentiment analysis during the rise of novel COVID-19 cases in India. The framework features LSTM language model with a global vector embedding and state-of-art BERT language model. We review the sentiments expressed for selective months in 2020 which covers the first major peak of novel cases in India. Our framework utilises multi-label sentiment classification where more than one sentiment can be expressed at once. Our results indicate that the majority of the tweets have been positive with high levels of optimism during the rise of the novel COVID-19 cases and the number of tweets significantly lowered towards the peak. The predictions generally indicate that although the majority have been optimistic, a significant group of population has been annoyed towards the way the pandemic was handled by the authorities.
Res gestae Alexandri Macedonis (Fragment)
Creators: name: Iulius Valerius
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1000

description: Iulius Valerius
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Lateinisch
description: Datierung nach paläographischen Kriterien: Ins 11. Jahrhundert datiert von Wackernagel (1869), S. 120; ins 12. Jahrhundert von Rosellini (2004), praef. p. XXVI. Spätere Verwendung/Makulierung: Herausgelöster ehemaliger Bucheinband; wahrscheinlich Koperteinband bzw. einfacher Umschlag/Akteneinband (s. u.), wie die von der Makulierung herrührenden Rückstände nahelegen; ehemaliger Trägerband ca. 21 x 16,5 cm. Sammlungsgeschichte: Aus der Mittelalterlichen Sammlung Wilhelm Wackernagels, angelegt ab 1856, eingeklebt in Album 1 (N I 1), S. 28; 2015/2016 herausgelöst und konservatorisch neu verpackt. Verzeichnet bei Heyne (ca. 1869-1883), Bl. 1v. Das Blatt diente einmal als Umschlag/Akteneinband für eine "Dienheimische Almusen Rechnung" (1r). Der Codex war im 16. Jahrhundert wahrscheinlich noch intakt; jedenfalls enthält das Fragment Randbemerkungen aus dieser Zeit, die wohl eingetragen wurden, als das Blatt noch nicht makuliert gewesen war (vgl. Wackernagel (1869), S. 120).
description: Iulius Valerius, Res gestae Alexandri Macedonis translatae ex Aesopo Graeco, in: Classicorum auctorum e Vaticanis codicibus editorum, ed. Angelo Mai, Bd. 7. - Rom, 1835, S. 59-246.
description: Baesecke, Georg. - Der Vocabularius Sti. Galli in der angelsächsischen Mission. - Halle, 1933, hier S. 107.
description: Iulius Valerius, Res gestae Alexandri Macedonis translatae ex Aesopo Graeco, adhibitis schedis Roberti Calderan edidit Michela Rosellini, editio correctior cum addendis. - Monachii et Lipsiae 2004; dieses Fragment benutzt (Sigl. "B"), vgl. praef. p. XXVI.
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Febr. 2022 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Normalaufnahme nach: Wackernagel (1869), Rosellini (2004); mit autoptischen Ergänzungen Fischer.
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2022 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln revidiert Flury/Fischer.
description: Digitalisierung=Digitization=Numérisation November 2023 TIFF
description: Erschliessungsniveau Normalniveau.
Bicomplex Mittag-Leffler Function and Properties
Creators: name: Agarwal, Ritu
name: Sharma, Urvashi Purohit
name: Agarwal, Ravi P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.0
subject: 30G35, 33E12

description: With the increasing importance of the Mittag-Leffler function in the physical applications, these days many researchers are studying various generalizations and extensions of the Mittag-Leffler function. In this paper efforts are made to define bicomplex extension of the Mittag-Leffler function and also its analyticity and region of convergence are discussed. Various properties of the bicomplex Mittag-Leffler function including integral representation, recurrence relations, duplication formula and differential relations are established.
Coherent dynamics of domain formation in the Bose Ferromagnet
Creators: name: Gu, Qiang
name: Qiu, Haibo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory to describe domain formation observed very recently in a quenched Rb-87 gas, a typical ferromagnetic spinor Bose system. An overlap factor is introduced to characterize the symmetry breaking of M_F=\pm 1 components for the F=1 ferromagnetic condensate. We demonstrate that the domain formation is a co-effect of the quantum coherence and the thermal relaxation. A thermally enhanced quantum-oscillation is observed during the dynamical process of the domain formation. And the spatial separation of domains leads to significant decay of the M_F=0 component fraction in an initial M_F=0 condensate.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Miracula sancti Leonardi confessoris Nobiliacensis (Fragment)
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1100

description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Lateinisch
description: Datierung nach paläographischen Kriterien: 12./13. Jahrhundert. Spätere Verwendung/Makulierung: Herausgelöster ehemaliger Bucheinband; wahrscheinlich Koperteinband, wie die von der Makulierung herrührenden Rückstände nahelegen; ehemaliger Trägerband ca. 20 x 15,5 x 3 cm. Sammlungsgeschichte: Aus der Mittelalterlichen Sammlung Wilhelm Wackernagels, angelegt ab 1856, eingeklebt in Album 1 (N I 1), S. 27; ebd. Hinweis auf den Vorbesitzer " ... Geschenk des Hrn. Prof. Dr. Schnell"; 2015/2016 herausgelöst und konservatorisch neu verpackt. Verzeichnet bei Heyne (ca. 1869-1883), Katalog, Bl. 1v. An der Stelle, wo im makulierten Zustand der Buchrücken zu liegen kam, noch erkennbar die Zahl "156", darunter "F I" (?), beides dem Anschein nach Bestandteile einer alten Signatur; ebd. alter Bandtitel (soweit erkennbar) " … theolog. Witemb.".
description: Acta Sanctorum quotquot toto orbe coluntur. November, Bd. 3, Brüssel 1910.
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2017 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Minimalaufnahme nach: Bischoff, 1998
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Mai 2022 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Normalaufnahme nach Autopsie Fischer.
description: Digitalisierung=Digitization=Numérisation November 2023 TIFF
description: Erschliessungsniveau Normalniveau.
Essays on Asset Trade
Creators: name: Dieler, Tobias <1983>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: The overreaching methodology of my Ph.D. thesis is to substitute noise traders with rational traders. I do so by considering liquidity asymmetry between informed trader and uninformed traders. Liquidity asymmetry creates a motive for trade. Under this new setup, I study the impact of asset trade on the real economy, represented by a firm with an investment opportunity, in chapter 1 ("Efficient Asset Trade - A Model with Asymmetric Information and Asymmetric Liquidity Needs"). I find conditions for which asset trade leads to inefficient investment. Chapter 2 ("(In)Efficient Asset Trade and a Rationale for a Tobin Tax") characterizes a tax which can restore efficient investment. In chapter 3, I show that finitely repeated trade, as in Kyle (1985) and Ostrovsky (2012), does not necessarily lead to information revelation if traders are fully rational.
Fast scalar quadratic maximum likelihood estimators for the CMB B-mode power spectrum
Creators: name: Chen, Jiming
name: Ghosh, Shamik
name: Liu, Hao
name: Santos, Larissa
name: Fang, Wenjuan
name: Li, Siyu
name: Liu, Yang
name: Li, Hong
name: Wang, Jiaxin
name: Zhang, Le
name: Hu, Bin
name: Zhao, Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Constructing a fast and efficient estimator for the B-mode power spectrum of cosmic microwave background (CMB) is of critical importance for CMB science. For a general CMB survey, the Quadratic Maximum Likelihood (QML) estimator for CMB polarization has been proved to be the optimal estimator with minimal uncertainties, but it is computationally very expensive. In this article, we propose two new QML methods for B-mode power spectrum estimation. We use the Smith-Zaldarriaga approach to prepare pure-B mode map, and E-mode recycling method to obtain a leakage free B-mode map. We then use the scalar QML estimator to analyze the scalar pure-B map (QML-SZ) or B-mode map (QML-TC). The QML-SZ and QML-TC estimators have similar error bars as the standard QML estimators but their computational cost is nearly one order of magnitude smaller. The basic idea is that one can construct the pure B-mode CMB map by using the E-B separation method proposed by Smith-Zaldarriaga (SZ) or the one considering the template cleaning (TC) technique, then apply QML estimator to these scalar fields. By simulating potential observations of space-based and ground-based detectors, we test the reliability of these estimators by comparing them with the corresponding results of the traditional QML estimator and the pure B-mode pseudo-Cl estimator.
description: 24 pages, 18 figures. Submitted to ApJS. Comments are welcome
Quark Masses and Resummation in Precision QCD Theory
Creators: name: Ward, B. F. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that amplitude-based, exact resummation tames the un-cancelled IR divergences at O(alpha_s^2) in initial state radiation in QCD with massive quarks. Implications for precision predictions for LHC physics are discussed.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures; corrected misprint; added material to clarify text
Exploring the Nature of EUV Waves in a Radiative Magnetohydrodynamic Simulation
Creators: name: Wang, Can
name: Chen, Feng
name: Ding, Mingde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coronal extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) waves are large-scale disturbances propagating in the corona, whose physical nature and origin have been discussed for decades. We report the first three dimensional (3D) radiative magneto-hydrodynamic (RMHD) simulation of a coronal EUV wave and the accompanying quasi-periodic wave trains. The numerical experiment is conducted with the MURaM code and simulates the formation of solar active regions through magnetic flux emergence from the convection zone to the corona. The coronal EUV wave is driven by the eruption of a magnetic flux rope that also gives rise to a C-class flare. It propagates in a semi-circular shape with an initial speed ranging from about 550 to 700 km s$^{-1}$, which corresponds to an average Mach number (relative to fast magnetoacoustic waves) of about 1.2. Furthermore, the abrupt increase of the plasma density, pressure and tangential magnetic field at the wavefront confirms fast-mode shock nature of the coronal EUV wave. Quasi-periodic wave trains with a period of about 30 s are found as multiple secondary wavefronts propagating behind the leading wavefront and ahead of the erupting magnetic flux rope. We also note that the true wavefront in the 3D space can be very inhomogeneous, however, the line-of-sight integration of EUV emission significantly smoothes the sharp structures in 3D and leads to a more diffuse wavefront.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication on ApjL
A Wave-function for Stringy Universes
Creators: name: Kounnas, Costas
name: Toumbas, Nicolaos
name: Troost, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define a wave-function for string theory cosmological backgrounds. We give a prescription for computing its norm following an earlier analysis within general relativity. Under Euclidean continuation, the cosmologies we discuss in this paper are described in terms of compact parafermionic worldsheet systems. To define the wave-function we provide a T-fold description of the parafermionic conformal field theory, and of the corresponding string cosmology. In specific examples, we compute the norm of the wave-function and comment on its behavior as a function of moduli.
description: 30 pages, 3 figures, v3: references added
UIT-ISE-NLP at SemEval-2021 Task 5: Toxic Spans Detection with BiLSTM-CRF and ToxicBERT Comment Classification
Creators: name: Luu, Son T.
name: Nguyen, Ngan Luu-Thuy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present our works on SemEval-2021 Task 5 about Toxic Spans Detection. This task aims to build a model for identifying toxic words in whole posts. We use the BiLSTM-CRF model combining with ToxicBERT Classification to train the detection model for identifying toxic words in posts. Our model achieves 62.23% by F1-score on the Toxic Spans Detection task.
description: Proceedings of the 15th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval-2021)
Absolute Calibration and Characterization of the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer. III. An Asteroid-based Calibration of MIPS at 160 microns
Creators: name: Stansberry, J. A.
name: Gordon, K. D.
name: Bhattacharya, B.
name: Engelbracht, C. W.
name: Rieke, G. H.
name: Marleau, F. R.
name: Fadda, D.
name: Frayer, D. T.
name: Noriega-Crespo, A.
name: Wachter, S.
name: Young, E. T.
name: Mueller, T. G.
name: Kelly, D. M.
name: Blaylock, M.
name: Henderson, D.
name: Neugebauer, G.
name: Beeman, J. W.
name: Haller, E. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the absolute calibration of the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS) 160 micron channel. After the on-orbit discovery of a near-IR ghost image that dominates the signal for sources hotter than about 2000 K, we adopted a strategy utilizing asteroids to transfer the absolute calibrations of the MIPS 24 and 70 micron channels to the 160 micron channel. Near-simultaneous observations at all three wavelengths are taken, and photometry at the two shorter wavelengths is fit using the Standard Thermal Model. The 160 micron flux density is predicted from those fits and compared with the observed 160 micron signal to derive the conversion from instrumental units to surface brightness. The calibration factor we derive is 41.7 MJy/sr/MIPS160 (MIPS160 being the instrumental units). The scatter in the individual measurements of the calibration factor, as well as an assesment of the external uncertainties inherent in the calibration, lead us to adopt an uncertainty of 5.0 MJy/sr/MIPS160 (12%) for the absolute uncertainty on the 160 micron flux density of a particular source as determined from a single measurement. For sources brighter than about 2 Jy, non-linearity in the response of the 160 micron detectors produces an under-estimate of the flux density: for objects as bright as 4 Jy, measured flux densities are likely to be ~20% too low. This calibration has been checked against that of ISO (using ULIRGS) and IRAS (using IRAS-derived diameters), and is consistent with those at the 5% level.
description: 33 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables Accepted to PASP, 2007-07-19
Spin-glass state of vortices in YBa2Cu3Oy and La2-xSrxCuO4 below the metal-to-insulator crossover
Creators: name: Sonier, J. E.
name: Callaghan, F. D.
name: Ando, Y.
name: Kiefl, R. F.
name: Brewer, J. H.
name: Kaiser, C. V.
name: Pacradouni, V.
name: Sabok-Sayr, S. A.
name: Sun, X. F.
name: Komiya, S.
name: Hardy, W. N.
name: Bonn, D. A.
name: Liang, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Highly disordered magnetism confined to individual weakly interacting vortices is detected by muon spin rotation in two different families of high-transition-temperature superconductors, but only in samples on the low-doping side of the low-temperature normal state metal-to-insulator crossover (MIC). The results support an extended quantum phase transition (QPT) theory of competing magnetic and superconducting orders that incorporates the coupling between CuO2 planes. Contrary to what has been inferred from previous experiments, the static magnetism that coexists with superconductivity near the field-induced QPT is not ordered. Our findings unravel the mystery of the MIC and establish that the normal state of high-temperature superconductors is ubiquitously governed by a magnetic quantum critical point in the superconducting phase.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Management of shoulder pain in the emergency room: a narrative review
Creators: name: Compagnoni, Riccardo
name: Liccardi, Alfonso
name: Fossati, Chiara
name: Randelli, Pietro
Publisher: name: Archives of Medicine & Surgery University of Milan
Year: 2021

description: ABSTRACT Background (Introduction) The frequency of Emergency Room (ER) accesses for shoulder pain is constantly increasing. The presenting symptoms are similar across the various pathological conditions, therefore an appropriate focus on the pathogenetic mechanism (traumatic or not-traumatic) and the correct imaging choice is of extreme importance. The correct treatment strategy is fundamental. The aim of this study is to provide a simple and straightforward guide toward the correct treatment when facing a painful shoulder in ER. Materials and methods We performed a narrative review analyzing 34 published articles from the most updated literature focused on the management of shoulder emergencies. The most significant data were collected to propose a document suggesting the most effective treatments in this group of patients. Results Authors developed a guide that could help clinicians to propose the correct treatment when dealing with patients with acute shoulder pain in ER. Conclusions Shoulder emergencies are frequent and different possible treatments can be proposed to the patients, as a consequence of local guidelines and hospital habits. This narrative review could help clinicians in the emergency room to propose an effective treatment in some of the most common situations. Keywords Acute shoulder pain, shoulder traumatology, shoulder emergencies, painful shoulder Level of evidence: 5° - Narrative review
description: Archives of Medicine & Surgery University of Milan, V. 1 N. 1 (2020)
Absence of the Fifth Force Problem in a Model with Spontaneously Broken Dilatation Symmetry
Creators: name: Guendelman, E. I.
name: Kaganovich, A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scale invariant model containing dilaton $ϕ$ and dust (as a model of matter) is studied where the shift symmetry $ϕ\toϕ+const.$ is spontaneously broken at the classical level due to intrinsic features of the model. The dilaton to matter coupling "constant" $f$ appears to be dependent of the matter density. In normal conditions, i.e. when the matter energy density is many orders of magnitude larger than the dilaton contribution to the dark energy density, $f$ becomes less than the ratio of the "mass of the vacuum" in the volume occupied by the matter to the Planck mass. The model yields this kind of "Archimedes law" without any especial (intended for this) choice of the underlying action and without fine tuning of the parameters. The model not only explains why all attempts to discover a scalar force correction to Newtonian gravity were unsuccessful so far but also predicts that in the near future there is no chance to detect such corrections in the astronomical measurements as well as in the specially designed fifth force experiments on intermediate, short (like millimeter) and even ultrashort (a few nanometer) ranges. This prediction is alternative to predictions of other known models.
description: 23 pages, some explanations expanded, misprints corrected, reference added
Rapidly-converging multigrid reconstruction of cone-beam tomographic data
Creators: name: Myers, Glenn R.
name: Kingston, Andrew M.
name: Latham, Shane J.
name: Recur, Benoit
name: Li, Thomas
name: Turner, Michael L.
name: Beeching, Levi
name: Sheppard, Adrian P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the context of large-angle cone-beam tomography (CBCT), we present a practical iterative reconstruction (IR) scheme designed for rapid convergence as required for large datasets. The robustness of the reconstruction is provided by the "space-filling" source trajectory along which the experimental data is collected. The speed of convergence is achieved by leveraging the highly isotropic nature of this trajectory to design an approximate deconvolution filter that serves as a pre-conditioner in a multi-grid scheme. We demonstrate this IR scheme for CBCT and compare convergence to that of more traditional techniques.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
A model for cyclotron resonance scattering features
Creators: name: Schönherr, G.
name: Wilms, J.
name: Kretschmar, P.
name: Kreykenbohm, I.
name: Santangelo, A.
name: Rothschild, R. E.
name: Coburn, W.
name: Staubert, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abbreviated version of the abstract) We study the physics of cyclotron line formation in the high-energy spectra of accreting X-ray pulsars using Monte Carlo methods, assuming that the line-forming region is a low-density electron plasma in a sub-critical magnetic field. We investigate the dependence of the shape of the fundamental line on angle, geometry, optical depth and temperature. We also discuss variations of the line ratios for non-uniform magnetic fields. These numerical predictions for the line profiles are linked to results from observational data analysis using an XSPEC model based on the Monte Carlo simulations. We apply this model to observational data from RXTE and INTEGRAL. The predicted strong emission wings of the fundamental cyclotron feature are not found in observational data, hinting at a bottom illuminated slab geometry for line formation.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures, Astron. Astrophys. (in press)
Incidence of grapevine trunk diseases on four cultivars in Sardinia, Southern Italy
Creators: name: Serra, S.
name: Ligios, V.
name: Schianchi, N.
name: Prota, V. A.
name: Deidda, A.
name: Scanu, B.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2021

description: Esca proper and Botryosphaeria dieback are among the most widespread Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs), characterized by similar decline symptoms. In the present work, chronic, apoplexy and death symptoms were analysed separately in four vineyards and four different cultivars, on more than 1,000 vines per cultivar, taking into account ten-year annual surveys. The cumulative incidence of plants with chronic symptoms (CHR) reached high values on 'Sauvignon Blanc' (81.9 %), 'Cabernet Sauvignon' (79.4 %) and 'Cannonau' (66.5 %), but it was low on 'Merlot' (25.1 %). 'Sauvignon Blanc' showed the highest cumulative incidence of apoplectic events (23.1 %) and dead cordons (49.2 %), while 'Cannonau' had the greatest number of dead plants (28.8 %). In each symptom category, incidence among cultivars differed significantly according to χ2 test at P ≤ 0.05. Annual incidence of foliar symptoms fluctuated over ten years (ranging from 0.9-9.5 % in 'Merlot' to 6.3‑59.1 % in 'Cabernet Sauvignon'), mostly with regard to CHR. On average, every year only 33.9 % of plants showing CHR had expressed symptoms in the previous year, while 48.6 % did not show symptoms the following year. Conversely, most of the plants exhibiting apoplexy or death were symptomatic the previous year. According to Tuckey HSD test (P ≤ 0.05) 'Merlot' had the highest incidence of plants showing CHR symptoms for the first time (72.1 %) and of apparently recovered plants (76.3 %), while 'Cabernet Sauvignon' exhibited the highest incidence of plants showing CHR symptoms also the previous year (50.0 %). The 'Cabernet Sauvignon' attitude to show chronic symptoms with a certain continuity was also confirmed by the low incidence of plants with hidden symptoms (lack of symptoms in previously symptomatic vines). On the contrary, the incidence of acute symptoms (apoplectic events and dead plants) was quite low on 'Cabernet Sauvignon'. The present study confirms that GTD incidence is influenced by cultivar. All the cultivars assessed were susceptible, but with differences in intensity, type (chronic or acute) and fluctuation of symptoms. It cannot be excluded, however, that besides the genotype also external factors, as the vigour conferred by the type of soil or the combination with the rootstock, may have influenced the results.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 60 No. 1 (2021): Vitis
Dark matter caustics and the enhancement of self-annihilation flux
Creators: name: Mohayaee, Roya
name: Shandarin, Sergei
name: Silk, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cold dark matter haloes are populated by caustics, which are yet to be resolved in N-body simulations or observed in the Universe. Secondary infall model provides a paradigm for the study of caustics in "typical" haloes assuming that they have had no major mergers and have grown only by smooth accretion. This is a particular characteristic of the smallest dark matter haloes of about 10^{-5} Mo, which although "atypical" contain no substructures and could have survived until now with no major mergers. Thus using this model as the first guidline, we evaluate the neutralino self-annihilation flux for these haloes. Our results show that caustics could leave a distinct sawteeth signature on the differential and cumulative fluxes coming from the outer regions of these haloes. The total annihilation signal from the regions away from the centre can be boosted by about forty percents.
description: To appear in JCAP, 4 pages, 3 figures
Biological performance of the predatory mite Neoseiulus barkeri Hughes (Phytoseiidae): a candidate for controlling of three mite species infesting grape trees
Creators: name: Al-Azzazy, M. M.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2021

description: The life history and predation rate of Neoseiulus barkeri (Phytoseiidae) feeding on Colomerus vitis (Eriophyidae), Tetranychus urticae (Tetranychidae) and Brevipalpus lewisi (Tenuipalpidae) were determined in the laboratory at constant temperatures of 25, 30 and 35 °C, relative humidity of 50 ± 5 % and a photoperiod of 16:8 h (light:dark). Within the temperature range studied, the increase of temperature from 25-35 °C led to a shortened development period and an increased total predation rate and reproduction. Survival during immature stages development surpassed 94 % at all the temperatures from 25 to 35 °C. The highest fecundity (59.50, 48.25 and 35.30 eggs per female) was recorded at 35 °C, while the minimum (40.25, 31.00 and 20.50 eggs per female) was at 25 °C when N. barkeri fed on C. vitis, T. urticae and B. lewisi, respectively. It is demonstrated in the life table parameters that when the predatory mite N. barkeri is fed on C. vitis, the highest reproduction rates (rm = 0.195, 0.210 and 0.232 females/female/day) are obtained, while feeding on B. lewisi gave the minimum of reproduction rates (rm = 0.095, 0.105 and 0.115) at 25 °C, 30 °C and 35 °C, respectively. The population of N. barkeri multiplied 20.45, 22.63 and 24.89 times in a generation time of 16.80, 14.75 and 12.50 days when fed on C. vitis at the same temperatures mentioned above, respectively, while N. barkeri multiplied 10.70, 12.88 and 14.36 times in a generation time of 23.20, 21.11 and 18.08 days when fed on B. lewisi at the same temperatures, respectively. This shows that N. barkeri is a promising control agent for C. vitis, T. urticae and B. lewisi on grape trees.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 60 No. 1 (2021): Vitis
Weak value amplification and the lifetime of decaying particle
Creators: name: Mori, Yuichiro
name: Tsutsui, Izumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility of varying the measured lifetime of a decaying particle based on the technique of weak value amplification in which an additional filtering process called postselection is performed. Our analysis made in a direct measurement scheme presented here shows that, for simple two-level systems, the lifetime may be prolonged more than three times compared to the original one, while it can also be shortened arbitrarily by a proper choice of postselection. This result is consistent with our previous analysis on the possible prolongation of the lifetime of B mesons that may be observed in laboratories, and suggests room for novel applications of weak value amplification beyond precision measurement conventionally considered.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Coordinate Confusion in Conformal Cosmology
Creators: name: Lewis, Geraint F.
name: Francis, Matthew J.
name: Barnes, Luke A.
name: James, J. Berian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A straight-forward interpretation of standard Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) cosmologies is that objects move apart due to the expansion of space, and that sufficiently distant galaxies must be receding at velocities exceeding the speed of light. Recently, however, it has been suggested that a simple transformation into conformal coordinates can remove superluminal recession velocities, and hence the concept of the expansion of space should be abandoned. This work demonstrates that such conformal transformations do not eliminate superluminal recession velocities for open or flat matter-only FRLW cosmologies, and all possess superluminal expansion. Hence, the attack on the concept of the expansion of space based on this is poorly founded. This work concludes by emphasizing that the expansion of space is perfectly valid in the general relativistic framework, however, asking the question of whether space really expands is a futile exercise.
description: 5 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Search for a Higgs boson produced in association with a Z boson in ppbar collisions
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
name: Abazov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a search for the standard model Higgs boson with a mass of 105 GeV/c^2 to 145 GeV/c^2 in data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 450 pb^{-1} collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron ppbar collider at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV. The Higgs boson is required to be produced in association with a Z boson, and the Z boson is required to decay to either electrons or muons with the Higgs boson decaying to a bbbar pair. The data are well described by the expected background, leading to 95% confidence level cross section upper limits sigma(\ppbar\to ZH)x B(H\to\bbbar) in the range of 3.1 pb to 4.4 pb.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures. Submitted to Phys. Lett. B
Secondary and tertiary budbreak release is enhanced by extended dormancy chilling in 'Shiraz' grapevines
Creators: name: Field, S.
name: Smith, J. P.
name: Greer, D. H.
name: Neil Emery, R. J.
name: Farrow, S.
name: Holzapfel, B. P.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2021

description: Limited information exists regarding the dormancy of secondary and tertiary buds within the compound bud of grapevines. We were interested to evaluate how extended chilling duration would affect the budbreak percentage of all three bud orders within the compound bud. Dormant potted 'Shiraz' grapevines, with thirty retained buds per vine, were placed in a cool room at 4 °C over a 20-month period to extend dormancy. Vines were then systematically removed over five dates and placed in a controlled growth environment to assess budbreak percentages and cane tissue concentrations of abscisic acid and cytokinins. Budbreak was hastened by at least 13 d with vines receiving any extra chilling compared to no initial chilling. Furthermore, the firstly observed correlative inhibition of basal buds was apparently removed with chilling. Removal of correlative inhibition within the compound bud with increased chilling duration was also observed with the increases of secondary (doubles) and tertiary (triples) buds breaking simultaneously with the primary bud at each node. This resulted in 91 % of the nodes having two developing shoots and 56 % of the nodes presenting three developing shoots by the end of the experiment. Furthermore, a sigmoidal relationship between percent secondary buds and chilling duration was observed. Possible phytohormone connections were observed with the decline of ABA as secondary and tertiary buds broke at 414 d of chilling and depletion of the CKs, which coincided with the greatest rate of primary bud break after 242 d of chilling. Other possible involvement of ABA and Cis-type cytokinin interactions with secondary and tertiary bud dormancy is discussed. The results suggest future investigations into secondary and tertiary bud release within the grapevine using similar techniques may help to better understand the biochemical mechanisms associated with dormancy.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 60 No. 1 (2021): Vitis