cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sensory hypo- and hypersensitivity in patients with brain tumors
Creators: name: Ochi, Ryuta
name: Saito, Shoko
name: Hiromitsu, Kentaro
name: Shigemune, Yayoi
name: Shinoura, Nobusada
name: Yamada, Ryoji
name: Midorikawa, Akira
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Hyper- and hyposensitivity in multiple modalities have been well-documented in subjects with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) but not in subjects with acquired brain injury (ABI). The purpose of this study was to determine whether subjects with ABI experience altered sensory processing in multiple sensory modalities, and to examine the relationships between impaired sensory processing and the emotional state. Sixty-eight patients with brain or spinal cord tumors participated in the study. Cognitive ability and emotional function were tested, and subjective changes were evaluated in two directions (hyper- and hyposensitivity) and five modalities (visual, auditory, tactile, olfactory, and gustatory) at two time points (after disease onset and after surgery). One-fifth of the participants complained of hypersensitivity in the visual domain, and a similar proportion complained of hyposensitivity in the auditory and tactile domains. Additionally, one-third of participants complained of two or more sensory abnormalities after disease onset. A hierarchical regression analysis indicated that auditory and tactile sensory changes predicted a depressive state. In conclusion, multimodal sensory changes occurred in patients with brain tumors, manifesting as hyper- or hyposensitivity. Sensory changes might be related to depressive state, but the results were inconclusive.
A mouse model of alcoholic liver fibrosis-associated acute kidney injury identifies key molecular pathways
Creators: name: Kato, Yuki
name: Rusyn, Ivan
name: Kono, Hiroshi
name: Uehara, Takeki
name: Iwata, Yasuhiro
name: Bataller, Ramon
name: Chappell, Grace A.
name: Furuya, Shinji
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Clinical data strongly indicate that acute kidney injury (AKI) is a critical complication in alcoholic hepatitis, an acute-on-chronic form of liver failure in patients with advanced alcoholic fibrosis. Development of targeted therapies for AKI in this setting is hampered by the lack of an animal model. To enable research into molecular drivers and novel therapies for fibrosis- and alcohol-associated AKI, we aimed to combine carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced fibrosis with chronic intra-gastric alcohol feeding. Male C57BL/6J mice were administered a low dose of CCl4 (0.2 ml/kg 2×wk/6wks) followed by alcohol intragastrically (up to 25 g/kg/day for 3wks) and with continued CCl4. We observed that combined treatment with CCl4 and alcohol resulted in severe liver injury, more pronounced than using each treatment alone. Importantly, severe kidney injury was evident only in the combined treatment group. This mouse model reproduced distinct pathological features consistent with AKI in human alcoholic hepatitis. Transcriptomic analysis of kidneys revealed profound effects in the combined treatment group, with enrichment for 53 damage-associated pathways, such as apoptosis, inflammation, immune-response and hypoxia. Interestingly, Harcr1 and Lcn2, biomarkers of AKI, were markedly up-regulated. Overall, this study established a novel mouse model of fibrosis- and alcohol-associated AKI and identified key mechanistic pathways.
Haplotype-resolved genome assembly of Phanera championii
Creators: name: Lu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310403
subject: Biological adaptation
classificationCode: 310410
subject: Phylogeny and comparative analysis

description: The high-quality phased genomes are an invaluable molecular resource for various applications, including germplasm conservation, breeding programs, evolutionary studies, and elucidation of the distinctive biological features of P. championii.
MPEC 2024-R146 : 2024 RV4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 RV4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: Individual‐Level Predictors of Conspiracy Mentality in Germany and Poland
Creators: name: Farkhari, Fahima
name: Schlipphak, Bernd
name: Back, Mitja
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 320 Political science (Politics and government)
subject: 150 Psychology

description: Conspiracy mentality (CM), the general propensity to believe in conspiracy theories, has been linked to political behaviors, prejudice, and non‐compliance with public health guidelines. While there is increasing evidence that conspiracy beliefs are pervasive, research on individual‐level predictors of CM is scarce. Specifically, we identify three gaps in research: First, evidence on the question which individual‐level characteristics predict CM is inconsistent and often based on small samples. Second, personality, political, and religious predictors are usually examined in isolation. Third, differences on the societal level have been mostly neglected. In the present research, we gathered CAWI (Study 1) and CATI (Study 2) data on generalized interpersonal trust (GIT), right‐wing authoritarianism (RWA), and religiosity in two politically and culturally different European countries, namely Germany (N = 2,760) and Poland (N = 2,651). This allowed for a well‐powered test of three theoretically relevant predictors of CM, including their unique predictive value. Moreover, we were able to explore whether these associations replicate across or are moderated by country context. Our findings underline the role of GIT and RWA in predicting CM in both countries. Analyses based on RWA subdimensions yielded a differentiated picture of the role of RWA. Furthermore, we found cross‐country differences with stronger associations of GIT and RWA with CM in Germany. Findings are discussed concerning political and religious differences between the examined countries.
description: Finanziert über die Cogitatio Institutional Membership.
New and emerging forms of data and technologies: literature and bibliometric review
Creators: name: Radanliev, Petar
name: De Roure, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the increased digitalisation of our society, new and emerging forms of data present new values and opportunities for improved data driven multimedia services, or even new solutions for managing future global pandemics (i.e., Disease X). The results are somewhat unexpected. Despite the special relationship between the US and the UK, there is not much evidence of collaboration in research on this topic. Similarly, despite the negative media publicity on the current relationship between the US and China (and the US sanctions on China), the research on this topic seems to be growing strong. However, it would be interesting to repeat this exercise after a few years and compare the results. It is possible that the effect of the current US sanctions on China has not taken its full effect yet.
description: Multimed Tools Appl (2022)
Chronic cerebral blood flow alterations in traumatic brain injury and sports-related concussions
Creators: name: Vedung, Fredrik
name: Fahlström, Markus
name: Wall, Anders
name: Antoni, Gunnar
name: Lubberink, Mark
name: Johansson, Jakob
name: Tegner, Yelverton
name: Stenson, Staffan
name: Haller, Sven
name: Weis, Jan
name: Larsson, Elna-Marie
name: Marklund, Niklas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and sports-related concussion (SRC) may result in chronic functional and neuroanatomical changes. We tested the hypothesis that neuroimaging findings (cerebral blood flow (CBF), cortical thickness, and 1H-magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy (MRS)) were associated to cognitive function, TBI severity, and sex. Eleven controls, 12 athletes symptomatic following ≥3SRCs and 6 patients with moderate-severe TBI underwent MR scanning for evaluation of cortical thickness, brain metabolites (MRS), and CBF using pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling (ASL). Cognitive screening was performed using the RBANS cognitive test battery. RBANS-index was impaired in both injury groups and correlated with the injury severity, although not with any neuroimaging parameter. Cortical thickness correlated with injury severity (p = 0.02), while neuronal density, using the MRS marker ((NAA+NAAG)/Cr, did not. On multivariate analysis, injury severity (p = 0.0003) and sex (p = 0.002) were associated with CBF. Patients with TBI had decreased gray (p = 0.02) and white matter (p = 0.02) CBF compared to controls. CBF was significantly lower in total gray, white matter and in 16 of the 20 gray matter brain regions in female but not male athletes when compared to female and male controls, respectively. Injury severity correlated with CBF, cognitive function, and cortical thickness. CBF also correlated with sex and was reduced in female, not male, athletes. Chronic CBF changes may contribute to the persistent injury mechanisms in TBI and rSRC.
Emoticon-based Ambivalent Expression: A Hidden Indicator for Unusual Behaviors in Weibo
Creators: name: Hu, Yue
name: Zhao, Jichang
name: Wu, Junjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent decades have witnessed online social media being a big-data window for quantificationally testifying conventional social theories and exploring much detailed human behavioral patterns. In this paper, by tracing the emoticon use in Weibo, a group of hidden "ambivalent users" are disclosed for frequently posting ambivalent tweets containing both positive and negative emotions. Further investigation reveals that this ambivalent expression could be a novel indicator of many unusual social behaviors. For instance, ambivalent users with the female as the majority like to make a sound in midnights or at weekends. They mention their close friends frequently in ambivalent tweets, which attract more replies and thus serve as a more private communication way. Ambivalent users also respond differently to public affairs from others and demonstrate more interests in entertainment and sports events. Moreover, the sentiment shift of words adopted in ambivalent tweets is more evident than usual and exhibits a clear "negative to positive" pattern. The above observations, though being promiscuous seemingly, actually point to the self regulation of negative mood in Weibo, which could find its base from the emotion management theories in sociology but makes an interesting extension to the online environment. Finally, as an interesting corollary, ambivalent users are found connected with compulsive buyers and turn out to be perfect targets for online marketing.
description: Data sets can be downloaded freely from www.datatang.com/data/47207 or http://pan.baidu.com/s/1mg67cbm. Any issues feel free to contact jichang@buaa.edu.cn
Whole genome sequencing of (KHV) Kinh in Ho Chi minh City, Vietnam. DNA for sequencing was extracted from whole blood
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2012
Subjects: Genome sequencing
Monoisolate

description: Whole genome sequencing of (KHV) Kinh in Ho Chi minh City, Vietnam. DNA for sequencing was extracted from whole blood
Women’s Careers in a Patriarchal Context: Through the Lens of the Kaleidoscope Career Model
Creators: name: Ashraf, Farzana
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Women’s careers are often characterized by an unceasing search for challenges, opportunities, and balance. Their careers tend to get interrupted by diversified family relations, the limited scope of advancement, and gender discrimination. The kaleidoscope career model explains unique patterns of women’s careers by examining three career issues women experience throughout their lives. The three career behaviors of authenticity, balance, and challenge are the “ABCs” of kaleidoscope careers. Authenticity refers to being true to one’s self. Balance and challenge refer to achieving a sense of equilibrium between nonwork and work goals and the quest for challenging work, respectively. This study investigates the impact of private patriarchy on women’s careers. In private patriarchy, women are dominated by men within the household through practices of restricted public movement, unequal division of domestic labor, early marriage, arranged or forced marriage, and dowry. Semi-structured interviews have been used as a data collection instrument to examine how experiences of private patriarchy influence women’s desires for the kaleidoscope of authenticity, balance, and challenge in patriarchal contexts. As the first study to examine the kaleidoscope career model in a patriarchal context, findings of this study offer theoretical advances by recognizing household restriction and discrimination as prevailing practices of private patriarchy and demonstrating their impact on women’s kaleidoscope careers. This study’s findings confirm that women’s experiences of private patriarchy determine their career behaviors of authenticity, balance, and challenge. Women display one career behavior over another depending on the extent of private patriarchy they have experienced during their lifetime. Women in both early and late stages of their careers in patriarchal contexts display the career behavior of authenticity. However, balance and challenge career behaviors depend on the marital status of the women.
Timing of bud burst of smaller individuals is not always earlier than that of larger trees in a cool-temperate forest with heavy snow
Creators: name: Marumo, Erika
name: Takagi, Kentaro
name: Makoto, Kobayashi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Bud-burst timing is one of the key factors to determine tree growth. Smaller trees are known to show earlier bud bursts, owing to the ontogeny in temperate forests. Snowpack is one of the factors affecting burst timing, especially that of small trees. Because small individuals were buried under snowpack until late spring, we hypothesized although the smaller individuals require less degree-day accumulation for their bud burst, the bud-burst timing of smaller individuals is not always earlier than that of larger trees. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the relationship between the height of individuals and the sum of degree-days required until the day of bud burst, as well as the relationship with the bud-burst timings for Acer mono and Quercus crispula over 2 years. As hypothesized, both species showed positive relationship between tree height and degree-days for budburst in both years. Conversely, there was negative relationship between tree height and the bud-burst timing for both species in both years. These results indicate small individuals tended to be late to reach an adequate temperature for bud burst due to the heavy snowpack, and the day of bud burst was sometime later for the seedlings as compared to the large trees in spite of the less accumulation of degree-day for the bud burst of smaller trees. These results suggest snow regime changes may influence the phenology not of large trees but of small trees, which could result in a differential influence of winter climate change on tree growth depending on the individual tree height.
Environmental contaminants and microRNA regulation: Transcription factors as regulators of toxicant-altered microRNA expression
Creators: name: Martin, Elizabeth
name: Sollome, James
name: Sethupathy, Praveen
name: Fry, Rebecca C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression by binding mRNA transcripts and inhibiting translation and/or inducing degradation of the associated transcripts. Expression levels of miRNAs have been shown to be altered in response to environmental toxicants, thus impacting cellular function and influencing disease risk. Transcription factors (TFs) are known to be altered in response to environmental toxicants and play a critical role in the regulation of miRNA expression. To date, environmentally-responsive TFs that are important for regulating miRNAs remain understudied. In a state-of-the-art analysis, we utilized in silico bioinformatic analysis to characterize potential transcriptional regulators of environmentally-responsive miRNAs. Using the miRStart database, genomic sequences of promoter regions for all available human miRNAs (n=847) were identified and promoter regions were defined as −1000/+500 base pairs from the transcription start site. Subsequently, the promoter region sequences of environmentally-responsive miRNAs (n=128) were analyzed using enrichment analysis to determine overrepresented TF binding sites (TFBS). While most (56/73) TFs differed across environmental contaminants, a set of 17 TFs was enriched for promoter binding among miRNAs responsive to numerous environmental contaminants. Of these, one TF was common to miRNAs altered by the majority of environmental contaminants, namely SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily A, member 3 (SMARCA3). These identified TFs represent candidate common transcriptional regulators of miRNAs perturbed by environmental toxicants.
Whole genome sequencing of (PEL) Peruvian in Lima, Peru HapMap population. DNA for sequencing was extracted from whole blood
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2012
Subjects: Genome sequencing
Monoisolate

description: The purpose of the project is to support the discovery and understanding of genetic variants that influence human disease. DNA for sequencing was extracted from whole blood
STROBE checklist for ‘[Influence of leftover antibiotics on self-medication in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study ]
Creators: name: Almehmadi, Bader
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other health sciences not elsewhere classified
Preventative health care

description: STROBE checklist for ‘[Influence of leftover antibiotics on self-medication in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study
Weakly chained matrices, policy iteration, and impulse control
Creators: name: Azimzadeh, Parsiad
name: Forsyth, Peter A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 65N06, 93E20

description: This work is motivated by numerical solutions to Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman quasi-variational inequalities (HJBQVIs) associated with combined stochastic and impulse control problems. In particular, we consider (i) direct control, (ii) penalized, and (iii) semi-Lagrangian discretization schemes applied to the HJBQVI problem. Scheme (i) takes the form of a Bellman problem involving an operator which is not necessarily contractive. We consider the well-posedness of the Bellman problem and give sufficient conditions for convergence of the corresponding policy iteration. To do so, we use weakly chained diagonally dominant matrices, which give a graph-theoretic characterization of weakly diagonally dominant M-matrices. We compare schemes (i)--(iii) under the following examples: (a) optimal control of the exchange rate, (b) optimal consumption with fixed and proportional transaction costs, and (c) pricing guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits in variable annuities. We find that one should abstain from using scheme (i).
description: 30 pages, 4 figures; error in proof of Theorem 3.5 fixed as of v3; error in statement of Lemma 4.6 fixed as of v4
Systemic metabolic derangement, pulmonary effects, and insulin insufficiency following subchronic ozone exposure in rats
Creators: name: Ledbetter, Allen D.
name: Kodavanti, Urmila P.
name: Schladweiler, Mette C.
name: Miller, Desinia B.
name: Snow, Samantha J.
name: Andrews, Debora L.
name: Richards, Judy E.
name: Henriquez, Andres
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Acute ozone exposure induces a classical stress response with elevated circulating stress hormones along with changes in glucose, protein and lipid metabolism in rats, with similar alterations in ozone-exposed humans. These stress-mediated changes over time have been linked to insulin resistance. We hypothesized that acute ozone-induced stress response and metabolic impairment would persist during subchronic episodic exposure and induce peripheral insulin resistance. Male Wistar Kyoto rats were exposed to air or 0.25 ppm or 1.00 ppm ozone, 5 h/day, 3 consecutive days/week (wk) for 13 wks. Pulmonary, metabolic, insulin signaling and stress endpoints were determined immediately after 13 wk or following a 1 wk recovery period (13 wk + 1 wk recovery). We show that episodic ozone exposure is associated with persistent pulmonary injury and inflammation, fasting hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, as well as, elevated circulating adrenaline and cholesterol when measured at 13 wk, however, these responses were largely reversible following a 1 wk recovery. Moreover, the increases noted acutely after ozone exposure in non-esterified fatty acids and branched chain amino acid levels were not apparent following a subchronic exposure. Neither peripheral or tissue specific insulin resistance nor increased hepatic gluconeogenesis were present after subchronic ozone exposure. Instead, long-term ozone exposure lowered circulating insulin and severely impaired glucose-stimulated beta-cell insulin secretion. Thus, our findings in young-adult rats provide potential insights into epidemiological studies that show a positive association between ozone exposures and type 1 diabetes. Ozone-induced beta-cell dysfunction may secondarily contribute to other tissue-specific metabolic alterations following chronic exposure due to impaired regulation of glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism.
Exome sequencing of (PEL) Peruvian in Lima, Peru HapMap population. DNA for sequencing was extracted from whole blood
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2012
Subjects: Exome
Monoisolate

description: The purpose of the project is to support the discovery and understanding of genetic variants that influence human disease. DNA for the PEL Peruvian in Lima, Peru. DNA for sequencing was extracted from whole blood
Semantic Web in Healthcare: A Systematic Literature Review of Application, Research Gap, and Future Research Avenues
Creators: name: Haque, A. K. M. Bahalul
name: Arifuzzaman, B. M.
name: Siddik, Sayed Abu Noman
name: Kalam, Abul
name: Shahjahan, Tabassum Sadia
name: Saleena, T. S.
name: Alam, Morshed
name: Islam, Md. Rabiul
name: Ahmmed, Foyez
name: Hossain, 5and Md. Jamal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Today, healthcare has become one of the largest and most fast-paced industries due to the rapid development of digital healthcare technologies. The fundamental thing to enhance healthcare services is communicating and linking massive volumes of available healthcare data. However, the key challenge in reaching this ambitious goal is letting the information exchange across heterogeneous sources and methods as well as establishing efficient tools and techniques. Semantic Web (SW) technology can help to tackle these problems. They can enhance knowledge exchange, information management, data interoperability, and decision support in healthcare systems. They can also be utilized to create various e-healthcare systems that aid medical practitioners in making decisions and provide patients with crucial medical information and automated hospital services. This systematic literature review (SLR) on SW in healthcare systems aims to assess and critique previous findings while adhering to appropriate research procedures. We looked at 65 papers and came up with five themes: e-service, disease, information management, frontier technology, and regulatory conditions. In each thematic research area, we presented the contributions of previous literature. We emphasized the topic by responding to five specific research questions. We have finished the SLR study by identifying research gaps and establishing future research goals that will help to minimize the difficulty of adopting SW in healthcare systems and provide new approaches for SW-based medical systems progress.
description: 27 Pages
Total, red and processed meat consumption and human health: an umbrella review of observational studies
Creators: name: Grosso, Giuseppe
name: La Vignera, Sandro
name: Condorelli, Rosita A.
name: Godos, Justyna
name: Marventano, Stefano
name: Tieri, Maria
name: Ghelfi, Francesca
name: Titta, Lucilla
name: Lafranconi, Alessandra
name: Gambera, Angelo
name: Alonzo, Elena
name: Sciacca, Salvatore
name: Buscemi, Silvio
name: Ray, Sumantra
name: Del Rio, Daniele
name: Galvano, Fabio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Meat consumption has represented an important evolutionary step for humans. However, modern patterns of consumption, including excess intake, type of meat and cooking method have been the focus of attention as a potential cause of rise in non-communicable diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between total, red and processed meat with health outcomes and to assess the level of evidence by performing a systematic search of meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies. Convincing evidence of the association between increased risk of (i) colorectal adenoma, lung cancer, CHD and stroke, (ii) colorectal adenoma, ovarian, prostate, renal and stomach cancers, CHD and stroke and (iii) colon and bladder cancer was found for excess intake of total, red and processed meat, respectively. Possible negative associations with other health outcomes have been reported. Excess meat consumption may be detrimental to health, with a major impact on cardiometabolic and cancer risk.
Genitori e figli nelle famiglie contemporanee. Un’analisi empirica del processo di civilizzazione teorizzato da Elias
Creators: name: Torrioni, Paola Maria
Publisher: name: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali
Year: 2016

description: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2011)
Scaling behavior and strain dependence of in-plane elastic properties of graphene
Creators: name: Los, J. H.
name: Fasolino, A.
name: Katsnelson, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show by atomistic simulations that, in the thermodynamic limit, the in-plane elastic moduli of graphene at finite temperature vanish with system size $ L $ as a power law $ ~ L^{-η_u} $ with $ η_u \simeq 0.325 $, in agreement with the membrane theory. Our simulations clearly reveal the size and strain dependence of graphene's elastic moduli, allowing comparison to experimental data. Although the recently measured difference of a factor 2 between the asymptotic value of the Young modulus for tensilely strained systems and the value from {\it ab initio} calculations remains unsolved, our results do explain the experimentally observed increase of more than a factor 2 for a tensile strain of only a few permille. We also discuss the scaling of the Poisson ratio, for which our simulations disagree with the predictions of the self-consistent screening approximation.
description: 5 figures
MPEC 2024-R147 : 2024 RW4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 RW4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Kalibrierung von Beschleunigungsmessgeräten nach dem Vergleichsverfahren : Richtlinie DKD-R 3-1 Blatt 1
Creators: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig
Publisher: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year: 2019
Subjects: Beschleunigung
Grundlagen
Kalibrierung
DKD-Richtlinie
Fassung 2019

description: Diese Richtlinie gilt für Beschleunigungsmessgeräte mit seismischen Aufnehmern. Sie gilt auch für Beschleunigungsaufnehmer allein sowie für seismische Aufnehmer und Messgeräte für die translatorischen Bewegungsgrößen Geschwindigkeit und Weg sowie die rotatorischen Bewegungsgrößen Winkelbeschleunigung, Winkelgeschwindigkeit und Drehwinkel. Die Richtlinie ergänzt die internationale Norm ISO 16063-1.
Sport, gender, corpo - la sociologia dello sport di Norbert Elias come superamento del pensiero combinatorio
Creators: name: Germano, Ivo Stefano
Publisher: name: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali
Year: 2016

description: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2011)
Discrete-Event Simulation in Healthcare Settings: a Review
Creators: name: Forbus, John J.
name: Berleant, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We review and define the current state of the art as relating to discrete event simulation in healthcare-related systems. A review of published literature over the past five years (2017 - 2021) was conducted, building upon previously published work. PubMed and EBSCOhost were searched for journal articles on discrete event simulation in healthcare resulting in identification of 933 unique articles. Of these about half were excluded at the title/abstract level and 154 at the full text level, leaving 311 papers to analyze. These were categorized, then analyzed by category and collectively to identify publication volume over time, disease focus, activity levels by coun-try, software systems used, and sizes of healthcare unit under study. A total of 1196 articles were initially identified. This list was narrowed down to 311 for systematic review. Following the schema from prior systematic reviews, the articles fell into four broad categories: health care sys-tems operations (HCSO), disease progression modeling (DPM), screening modeling (SM), and health behavior modeling (HBM). We found that discrete event simulation in healthcare has con-tinued to increase year-over-year, as well as expand into diverse areas of the healthcare system. In addition, this study adds extra bibliometric dimensions to gain more insight into the details and nuances of how and where simulation is being used in healthcare.
description: Preprint of the article
Manganese-induced sex-specific gut microbiome perturbations in C57BL/6 mice
Creators: name: Bian, Xiaoming
name: Gao, Bei
name: Chi, Liang
name: Ru, Hongyu
name: Tu, Pengcheng
name: Lu, Kun
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Overexposure to manganese (Mn) leads to toxic effects, such as promoting the development of Parkinson’s-like neurological disorders. The gut microbiome is deeply involved in immune development, host metabolism, and xenobiotics biotransformation, and significantly influences central nervous system (CNS) via the gut-brain axis, i.e. the biochemical signaling between the gastrointestinal tract and the CNS. However, it remains unclear whether Mn can affect the gut microbiome and its metabolic functions, particularly those linked to neurotoxicity. In addition, sex-specific effects of Mn have been reported, with no mechanism being identified yet. Recently, we have shown that the gut microbiome is largely different between males and females, raising the possibility that differential gut microbiome responses may contribute to sex-selective toxicity of Mn. Here, we applied high-throughput sequencing and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolomics to explore how Mn2+ exposure affects the gut microbiome and its metabolism in C57BL/6 mice. Mn2+ exposure perturbed the gut bacterial compositions, functional genes and fecal metabolomes in a highly sex-specific manner. In particular, bacterial genes and/or key metabolites of neurotransmitter synthesis and pro-inflammatory mediators are significantly altered by Mn2+ exposure, which can potentially affect chemical signaling of gut-brain interactions. Likewise, functional genes involved in iron homeostasis, flagellar motility, quorum sensing, and Mn transportation/oxidation are also widely changed by Mn2+ exposure. Taken together, this study has demonstrated that Mn2+ exposure perturbs the gut microbiome and its metabolic functions, which highlights the potential role of the gut microbiome in Mn2+ toxicity, particularly its sex-specific toxic effects.
Potential ring of Dirac nodes in a new polymorph of Ca$_3$P$_2$
Creators: name: Xie, Lilia S.
name: Schoop, Leslie M.
name: Seibel, Elizabeth M.
name: Gibson, Quinn D.
name: Xie, Weiwei
name: Cava, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the crystal structure of a new polymorph of Ca$_3$P$_2$, and an analysis of its electronic structure. The crystal structure was determined through Rietveld refinements of powder synchrotron x-ray diffraction data. Ca$_3$P$_2$ is found to be a variant of the Mn$_5$Si$_3$ structure type, with a Ca ion deficiency compared to the ideal 5:3 stoichiometry to yield a charge-balanced compound. We also report the observation of a secondary phase, Ca$_5$P$_3$H, in which the Ca and P sites are fully occupied and the presence of interstitial hydride ions creates a closed-shell electron-precise compound. We show via electronic structure calculations of Ca$_3$P$_2$ that the compound is stabilized by a gap in the density of states compared to the hypothetical compound Ca$_5$P$_3$. Moreover, the calculated band structure of Ca$_3$P$_2$ indicates that it should be a three-dimensional Dirac semimetal with a highly unusual ring of Dirac nodes at the Fermi level. The Dirac states are protected against gap opening by a mirror plane in a manner analogous to graphene. The results suggest that further study of the electronic properties of Ca$_3$P$_2$ will be of interest.
title: Remineralization and protection from demineralization: effects of a hydroxyapatite-containing, a fluoride-containing and a fluoride- and hydroxyapatite-free toothpaste on human enamel in vitro
Creators: name: Guntermann, Leona
name: Rohrbach, Arno
name: Schäfer, Edgar
name: Dammaschke, Till
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Background: The aim was to evaluate the remineralization potential as well as the extent of protection against renewed demineralization of enamel by hydroxyapatite-containing toothpaste (Karex) in comparison to fluoride-containing (Elmex) and fluoride- and hydroxyapatite-free toothpaste (Ajona) as control. Methods: Fifty-seven enamel samples were obtained from 19 human teeth. Five demarcated surfaces were created on each tooth (S0—S4). Four of the surfaces (S1—S4) were exposed to lactic acid (pH 3) for 8 h (demineralization). S0 was left untreated as control. S1 was solely treated with acid. After demineralization, S2 was exposed to Karex for 2 min, of which 15 s were brushing. S3 was treated with Elmex and S4 with Ajona, accordingly. Then, the samples were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope and ImageJ image analysis software to determine the percentage of demineralization. Afterwards, S2-S4 were again exposed to lactic acid for 2 h, and subjected to pixel analysis another time. Data were statistically analysed using ANOVA with post-hoc Scheffé test and the Kurskal-Wallis test. Results: The surfaces treated with Elmex showed the lowest percentage of demineralization (mean 5.01 ± 0.98%) (p < 0.01). Thus, Elmex remineralized more effectively compared to Ajona (8.89 ± 1.41%) and Karex (9.85 ± 1.63%) (p < 0.01). Furthermore, Elmex showed the lowest percentage of demineralized enamel after new demineralization (median 6.29%), followed by Ajona (11.92%) and Karex (13.46%) (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In terms of remineralization and protection against renewed demineralization, a hydroxyapatite-containing toothpaste (Karex) appears to be inferior to a fluoride-containing toothpaste (Elmex) and a fluoride- and hydroxyapatite-free toothpaste (Ajona). Hence, the recommendation to use Karex to protect against demineralization should be critically questioned.
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley 2019-2022.
The Urban Panopticon
Creators: name: Lio, Vanesa
Publisher: name: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali
Year: 2016

description: In recent years, the use of closed circuit television (cctv) for surveillance, historically restricted to the private sector, has shown a shift towards the public sector, being implemented in the framework of public policies on crime prevention and social control. This paper analyzes how the presence of video cameras and the diffusion of its images through the mass media impact on the construction of a particular geography of the city and its inhabitants.
description: Cambio. Rivista sulle Trasformazioni Sociali, Vol. 4 No. 8 (2014)
TRPA1 mediates changes in heart rate variability and cardiac mechanical function in mice exposed to acrolein
Creators: name: Tong, Haiyan
name: Walsh, Leon
name: Hazari, Mehdi
name: Kurhanewicz, Nicole
name: McIntosh-Kastrinsky, Rachel
name: Farraj, Aimen
name: Ledbetter, Allen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Short-term exposure to ambient air pollution is linked with adverse cardiovascular effects. While previous research focused primarily on particulate matter-induced responses, gaseous air pollutants also contribute to cause short-term cardiovascular effects. Mechanisms underlying such effects have not been adequately described, however the immediate nature of the response suggests involvement of irritant neural activation and downstream autonomic dysfunction. Thus, this study examines the role of TRPA1, an irritant sensory receptor found in the airways, in the cardiac response of mice to acrolein and ozone. Conscious unrestrained wild-type C57BL/6 (WT) and TRPA1 knockout (KO) mice implanted with radiotelemeters were exposed once to 3 ppm acrolein, 0.3 ppm ozone, or filtered air. Heart rate (HR) and electrocardiogram (ECG) were recorded continuously before, during and after exposure. Analysis of ECG morphology, incidence of arrhythmia and heart rate variability (HRV) were performed. Cardiac mechanical function was assessed using a Langendorff perfusion preparation 24 h post-exposure. Acrolein exposure increased HRV independent of HR, as well as incidence of arrhythmia. Acrolein also increased left ventricular developed pressure in WT mice at 24 h post-exposure. Ozone did not produce any changes in cardiac function. Neither gas produced ECG effects, changes in HRV, arrhythmogenesis, or mechanical function in KO mice. These data demonstrate that a single exposure to acrolein causes cardiac dysfunction through TRPA1 activation and autonomic imbalance characterized by a shift toward parasympathetic modulation. Furthermore, it is clear from the lack of ozone effects that although gaseous irritants are capable of eliciting immediate cardiac changes, gas concentration and properties play important roles.
Artificial Intelligence and Arms Control
Creators: name: Scharre, Paul
name: Lamberth, Megan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Potential advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) could have profound implications for how countries research and develop weapons systems, and how militaries deploy those systems on the battlefield. The idea of AI-enabled military systems has motivated some activists to call for restrictions or bans on some weapon systems, while others have argued that AI may be too diffuse to control. This paper argues that while a ban on all military applications of AI is likely infeasible, there may be specific cases where arms control is possible. Throughout history, the international community has attempted to ban or regulate weapons or military systems for a variety of reasons. This paper analyzes both successes and failures and offers several criteria that seem to influence why arms control works in some cases and not others. We argue that success or failure depends on the desirability (i.e., a weapon's military value versus its perceived horribleness) and feasibility (i.e., sociopolitical factors that influence its success) of arms control. Based on these criteria, and the historical record of past attempts at arms control, we analyze the potential for AI arms control in the future and offer recommendations for what policymakers can do today.
description: 81 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables
Methylammonium fragmentation in amines as source of localized trap levels and the healing role of Cl in Hybrid Lead-Iodide Perovskites
Creators: name: Delugas, Pietro
name: Filippetti, Alessio
name: Mattoni, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The resilience to deep traps and localized defect formation is one of the important aspects that qualify a material as suited photo-absorber in solar cell devices. Here we investigate by ab-initio calculations the fundamental physics and chemistry of a number of possible localized defects in hybrid methylammonium lead-iodide perovskites. Our analysis encompasses a number of possible molecular fragments deriving from the dissociation of methylammonium. In particular, we found that in stoichiometric conditions both ammonia and methylamine molecules present lone-pair localized levels well within the perovskite band gap, while the radical cation CH$_2$NH$_3$$^+$ observed by EPR after irradiation injects partially-occupied levels into the band gap but only in $p$-type conditions. These defects are thus potentially capable to significantly alter absorption and recombination properties. Amazingly, we found that additional interstitial Cl is capable to remove these localized states from the band gap. These results are consistent with the observed improvement of photoabsorption properties due to the Cl inclusion in the solution processing.
description: preprint format, 23 pages, 10 figures
Differential sensitivities of bone marrow, spleen and thymus to genotoxicity induced by environmentally relevant concentrations of arsenite
Creators: name: Liu, Ke Jian
name: Medina, Sebastian
name: Stýblo, Miroslav
name: Xu, Huan
name: Burchiel, Scott W.
name: Douillet, Christelle
name: Hudson, Laurie G.
name: Lauer, Fredine T.
name: McClain, Shea
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: It is known in humans and mouse models, that drinking water exposures to arsenite (As+3) leads to immunotoxicity. Previously, our group showed that certain types of immune cells are extremely sensitive to arsenic induced genotoxicity. In order to see if cells from different immune organs have differential sensitivities to As+3, and if the sensitivities correlate with the intracellular concentrations of arsenic species, male C57BL/6J mice were dosed with 0, 100 and 500 ppb As+3 via drinking water for 30 d. Oxidation State Specific Hydride Generation-Cryotrapping- Inductively Coupled Plasma- Mass Spectrometry (HG- CT- ICP- MS) was applied to analyze the intracellular arsenic species and concentrations in bone marrow, spleen and thymus cells isolated from the exposed mice. A dose-dependent increase in intracellular monomethylarsonous acid (MMA+3) was observed in both bone marrow and thymus cells, but not spleen cells. The total arsenic and MMA+3 levels were correlated with an increase in DNA damage in bone marrow and thymus cells. An in vitro treatment of 5, 50 and 500 nM As+3 and MMA+3 revealed that bone marrow cells are most sensitive to As+3 treatment, and MMA+3 is more genotoxic than As+3. These results suggest that the differential sensitivities of the three immune organs to As+3 exposure are due to the different intracellular arsenic species and concentrations, and that MMA+3 may play a critical role in immunotoxicity.
When slower is faster
Creators: name: Gershenson, Carlos
name: Helbing, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The slower is faster (SIF) effect occurs when a system performs worse as its components try to do better. Thus, a moderate individual efficiency actually leads to a better systemic performance. The SIF effect takes place in a variety of phenomena. We review studies and examples of the SIF effect in pedestrian dynamics, vehicle traffic, traffic light control, logistics, public transport, social dynamics, ecological systems, and adaptation. Drawing on these examples, we generalize common features of the SIF effect and suggest possible future lines of research.