cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Contrast-enhanced dual-energy subtraction imaging using electronic spectrum-splitting and multi-prism x-ray lenses
Creators: name: Fredenberg, Erik
name: Cederstrom, Bjorn
name: Lundqvist, Mats
name: Ribbing, Carolina
name: Aslund, Magnus
name: Diekmann, Felix
name: Nishikawa, Robert
name: Danielsson, Mats
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dual-energy subtraction imaging (DES) is a method to improve the detectability of contrast agents over a lumpy background. Two images, acquired at x-ray energies above and below an absorption edge of the agent material, are logarithmically subtracted, resulting in suppression of the signal from the tissue background and a relative enhancement of the signal from the agent. Although promising, DES is still not widely used in clinical practice. One reason may be the need for two distinctly separated x-ray spectra that are still close to the absorption edge, realized through dual exposures which may introduce motion unsharpness. In this study, electronic spectrum-splitting with a silicon-strip detector is theoretically and experimentally investigated for a mammography model with iodinated contrast agent. Comparisons are made to absorption imaging and a near-ideal detector using a signal-to-noise ratio that includes both statistical and structural noise. Similar to previous studies, heavy absorption filtration was needed to narrow the spectra at the expense of a large reduction in x-ray flux. Therefore, potential improvements using a chromatic multi-prism x-ray lens (MPL) for filtering were evaluated theoretically. The MPL offers a narrow tunable spectrum, and we show that the image quality can be improved compared to conventional filtering methods.
title: Künstliche Intelligenz und Nachhaltigkeit
Creators: name: Mainzer, Klaus
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nachhaltigkeit
subject: Künstliche Intelligenz

description: Die Informatik hat sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten zu einem der größten Treiber des gesellschaftlichen Wandels entwickelt. Bedingt durch den rasanten Fortschritt in der Informationstechnik finden Informatiksysteme eine rasante Verbreitung. Die Infrastrukturen des Internets und World Wide Webs schaffen völlig neue Formen der Interaktion und Kommunikation zwischen Menschen, Maschinen und Infrastrukturen (Internet der Dinge). Produkte und Dienstleistungen auf Basis von Softwaresystemen greifen um sich. Informatik verändert in vielen Anwendungsgebieten die Sicht auf die Welt. Damit steht die Informatik als Treiber des Wandels auf den ersten Blick in einem krassen Gegensatz zu einer statisch verstandenen Nachhaltigkeit.
The Grothendieck group of a cluster category
Creators: name: Barot, Michael
name: Kussin, Dirk
name: Lenzing, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G20, 16E20, 18E30

description: For the cluster category of a hereditary or a canonical algebra, equivalently for the cluster category of the hereditary category of coherent sheaves on a weighted projective line, we study the Grothendieck group with respect to an admissible triangulated structure.
description: 21 pages, accepted for publication by JPAA
Gabapentin-induced changes in cortisol level and immune status in hysterectomized women
Creators: name: Karbić, Vlasta Orlić
name: Trobonjača, Zlatko
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Asides its widely employed antiepileptic and analgesic effects, gabapentin (GBP) affecting voltage-gated Ca2+ channels appears to have immunomodulatory effects. GBP is a GABA analogue with anticonvulsive and analgesic effects that exerts its actions through α₂δ subunit of voltage dependent Ca2+ channels and α₂-adrenergic receptors (ARs). This would be due to ubiquitous receptor expression on immune and non-immune cells. Throughout immune system, these receptors are expressed on different types of cells. By blockage of Ca2+ current, GBP can prevent lymphocyte T activation and subsequent proliferation, while noradrenergic-like stimulation of α₂-AR can result in suppression of lymphocyte T proliferation, changes in cytokine profile release and regulation of inflammatory response. By influencing the chemokine release profile, GBP can change the distribution of immune cells in different lymphoid body compartments. Therefore, we hypothesize that GBP can possess some immunomodulatory actions. Because of those and despite of its efficacy in postoperative analgesia and prevention of post-surgical pain, preoperative administration of GBP may play important role in the incidence of postoperative inflammations. Simply put, changes in immune reactivity of surgical patients may influence the incidence of the perioperative complications and patient's recovery.
Second-harmonic generation and linear electro-optical coefficients of SiC polytypes and nanotubes
Creators: name: Wu, I. J.
name: Guo, G. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The second-order nonlinear optical susceptibility ($χ_{abc}^{(2)}$) and linear electro-optical coefficient ($r_{abc}$) of a large number of single-walled zigzag, armchair and chiral SiC nanotubes (SiC-NTs) as well as bulk SiC polytypes (2H-, 4H-, 6H- and 3C-SiC) and single graphitic SiC sheet have been calculated from first-principles. The calculations are based on density functional theory in the local density approximation and highly accurate full-potential projector augmented-wave method is used. Both the zigzag and chiral SiC-NTs are found to exhibit large second-order nonlinear optical behavior with the $χ_{abc}^{(2)}$ and $r_{abc}$ coefficients being up to ten-times larger than that of bulk SiC polytypes, and also being up to thirteen-times larger than the counterparts of the corresponding BN-NTs, indicating that SiC-NTs are promising materials for nonlinear optical and opto-electric applications. The prominant features in the spectra of $χ_{abc}^{(2)}(-2ω,ω,ω)$ of the SiC-NTs are correlated with the features in the linear optical dielectric function $ε(ω)$ in terms of single-photon and two-photon resonances.
title: “Civic Energy Informer” - Facilitating assistance for actors in civic energy through a modular digital platform
Creators: name: Krebs, Antonia
name: Koch, Björn Koch
name: Klenke, Thomas
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021

description: Although civil society is a key driver for the energy transition, civic energy initiatives remain a niche competitor within the energy market. Facilitating the active involvement of citizens and communities, and subsequently the uptake of civic energy initiatives, requires a profound source of available information on the underlying processes, benefits, and possible risks such initiatives encompass. Data collected on practical experience from over 20 diverse civic energy pilots in seven European states over the past five years have highlighted the complexity of information demand the civic energy process entails. Due to this diversity and the distinctiveness of each pilot, this paper reports on the development of the “Civic Energy Informer”, a modular digital platform that covers these diverse information demands in order to offer specific advice for various stakeholders. This presents a foundation for promoting the facilitation of civic energy initiatives by providing wellfounded insights and tools for potential adopters.
The role of crowding in Object Substitution Masking
Creators: name: Camp, Sarah
name: Pilling, Michael
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Object Substitution Masking (OSM) is a phenomenon wherein a surrounding mask (typically four dots) that onsets with a target but lingers after its offset can significantly reduce target perceptibility. OSM was originally claimed to be effective only when the target was not the focus of attention, i.e. when presented in large set-size displays (Di Lollo et al., 2000). The increased number of distractors was argued to influence time taken for focal attention to reach the target. More recent evidence however found OSM to be independent of set-size once constrained performance in the smallest set-size condition was accounted for (Argyropoulos et al., 2013; Filmer et al., 2014a). We recently replicated the set-size effect in OSM; importantly though this effect was found to be an artefact of crowding at larger set-sizes (Camp & Pilling, ECVP 2014). Here we further explore this crowding effect. A series of three experiments are reported where crowding-distance is varied in OSM. Three experiments consistently produced a crowding×masking interaction, however the relationship between the two variables is complex: the crowding effect on OSM is most prominent at a mid-level of target-crowder distance. This interaction is also shown to scale with eccentricity as is characteristic of crowding. The pattern of the crowding interaction with OSM shows parallels with the phenomenon of “supercrowding” (Vickery et al., 2009). The findings are discussed in terms of the position of OSM within the hierarchy of object processing.
Essays on time series analysis
Creators: name: Shi, Yanlin
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Time-series analysis
subject: Time-series analysis Mathematical models

description: This thesis is a collection of essays on modelling volatility with time series techniques. The first essay addresses the question of modelling structural breaks in the Fractionally Integrated Generalised Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (FIGARCH) model. By detecting structural change points via the Markov Regime-Switching (MRS) framework, a two-stage Three-State FIGARCH (3S-FIGARCH) model is proposed. Compared with various existing FIGARCH family models, our empirical results suggest that the 3S-FIGARCH model is preferred in all cases and can potentially provide a more reliable estimate of the long-memory parameter. The second essay examines the confusion between long memory and regime switching in volatility via a set of Monte Carlo simulations. A theoretical proof is provided to show that this confusion is caused by the effects of the smoothing probability from the data-generating process (DGP) of the MRS-GARCH model. To control for these effects, the MRS-FIGARCH model is proposed. By conducting a set of Monte Carlo simulations, we show that the MRS-FIGARCH model can effectively distinguish between the pure FIGARCH and pure MRS-GARCH DGPs. Further, an empirical application suggests that the MRS-FIGARCH can be a widely useful tool for volatility modelling. The third essay empirically studies the relation between public information arrivals and intraday stock return volatility. Motivated by the Mixture of Distribution Hypothesis (MDH) and the study of Veronesi (1999), we fit hourly Standard & Poor's (S&P) 100 stock return data with the MRS-GARCH model to investigate the effect of the quantity and quality of news on stock return volatility in the calm (low volatility) and turbulent (high volatility) states. The effect of news on the persistence and magnitude of volatility depends on the quality of news and the state of stock return volatility. In addition, this effect varies across sectors and firm sizes. The fourth essay analyses the effects of news on the so-called 'idiosyncratic volatility puzzle'. By empirically modelling the stock return data from the Center for Research in Security Prices (CRSP) database from 2000 to 2011, we demonstrate that both the quantity and quality of news can significantly explain the effect of idiosyncratic volatility on excess returns. Specifically, when news effects are appropriately controlled, the average magnitude of this effect can be reduced by roughly 50 per cent.
On the fourth moment in the Rankin-Selberg problem
Creators: name: Ivić, Aleksandar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11 N 37, 11 M 06

description: If $$ Δ(x) := \sum_{n\le x}c_n - Cx $$ denotes the error term in the classical Rankin-Selberg problem, then it is proved that $$ \int_0^X Δ^4(x)\d x \ll_εX^{3+ε},\quad \int_0^X Δ_1^4(x)\d x \ll_εX^{11/2+ε}, $$ where $Δ_1(x) = \int_0^xΔ(u) du$. The latter bound is, up to `$ε$', best possible.
description: 8 pages
title: Spatial Interpolation of Air Quality Data with Multidimensional Gaussian Processes
Creators: name: Tremper, Paul
name: Till Riedel,
name: Budde, Matthias
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Air Quality
subject: Gaussian Process Regression
subject: Validation

description: The central question of this paper is whether interpolation techniques applied to a distributed sensor network can indeed provide more information than using the constant background of an urban reference station to measure air pollution. We compare different interpolation techniques based on temporal-spatial machine learning in terms of their applicability for correctly predicting personal exposure. Using a dataset of stationary low-cost sensors, we estimate exposure on a route through the city and compare it to mobile measurements. The results show that while different machine learning-based interpolation methods yield quite different results, validation of machine learning-based approaches is still challenging.
Symmetry-protected topological phase transitions and robust chiral order on a tunable zigzag lattice
Creators: name: Zheng, Qibin
name: Li, Xing
name: Zou, Haiyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symmetry fractionalization, generating a large amount of symmetry-protected topological phases, provides scenarios for continuous phase transitions different from spontaneous symmetry breaking. However, it is hard to detect these symmetry-protected topological phase transitions experimentally. Motivated by the recent development of highly tunable ultracold polar molecules, we show that the setup in a zigzag optical lattice of this system provides a perfect platform to realize symmetry-protected topological phase transitions. By using infinite time-evolving block decimation, we obtain the phase diagram in a large parameter regions and find another scheme to realize the long-sought vector chiral phase, which is robust from quantum fluctuations. We discuss the existence of the chiral phase by an effective field analysis.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Thermodynamics of a newly constructed black hole coupled with nonlinear electrodynamics and cloud of strings
Creators: name: Sudhanshu, Himanshu Kumar
name: Singh, Dharm Veer
name: Upadhyay, Sudhaker
name: Myrzakulov, Yerlan
name: Myrzakulov, Kairat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper finds an exact singular black hole solution in the presence of nonlinear electrodynamics as the source of matter field surrounded by a cloud of strings in $4D$ $AdS$ spacetime. Here, the presence of the cloud of string, the usual Bardeen solution, becomes singular. The obtained black hole solution interpolates with the $AdS$ Letelier black hole in the absence of both the deviation parameter and magnetic charge and interpolates with the $AdS$ Bardeen black hole in the absence of the deviation parameter and a cloud of strings parameter. We analyse the horizon structure and thermodynamics properties, including the stability of the resulting black hole, numerically and graphically. Thermodynamical quantities associated with the black hole get modified due to the nonlinear electrodynamics and cloud of strings. Moreover, we study the effect of a cloud of strings parameter, magnetic charge and deviation parameter on critical points and phase transition of the obtained black hole where the cosmological constant is treated as the thermodynamics pressure. The critical radius increases with increasing deviation parameter values and magnetic charge values. In contrast, the critical pressure and temperature decrease with increasing deviation parameters and magnetic charge values.
description: 30 pages, 32 figures, published in Physics of the Dark Universe
A new method for the spectroscopic identification of stellar non-radial pulsation modes. I. The method and numerical tests
Creators: name: Zima, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Fourier parameter fit method, a new method for spectroscopically identifying stellar radial and non-radial pulsation modes based on the high-resolution time-series spectroscopy of absorption-line profiles. In contrast to previous methods this one permits a quantification of the statistical significance of the computed solutions. The application of genetic algorithms in seeking solutions makes it possible to search through a large parameter space. The mode identification is carried out by minimizing chi-square, using the observed amplitude and phase across the line profile and their modeled counterparts. Computations of the theoretical line profiles are based on a stellar displacement field, which is described as superposition of spherical harmonics and that includes the first order effects of the Coriolis force. We made numerical tests of the method on a grid of different mono- and multi-mode models for 0 <= l <= 4 in order to explore its capabilities and limitations. Our results show that whereas the azimuthal order m can be unambiguously identified for low-order modes, the error of l is in the range of pm 1. The value of m can be determined with higher precision than with other spectroscopic mode identification methods. Improved values for the inclination can be obtained from the analysis of non-axisymmetric pulsation modes. The new method is ideally suited to intermediatley rotating Delta Scuti and Beta Cephei stars.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures
title: Towards a Semantic Toolbox for Reproducible Knowledge Graph Generation in the Biodiversity Domain - How to Make the Most out of Biodiversity Data
Creators: name: Babalou, Samira
name: Schellenberger Costa, David
name: Kattge, Jens
name: Römermann, Christine
name: König-Ries, Birgitta
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Knowledge Graph
subject: Dynamic
subject: Reproducible
subject: Biodiversity

description: Knowledge Graphs are widely regarded as one of the most promising ways to manage and link information in the age of Big Data. Their broad uptake is still hindered by the large effort required to create and maintain them, though. In this paper, we propose the creation of a semantic toolbox that will support data owners in transforming their databases into reproducible, dynamically extendable knowledge graphs that can be integrated and jointly used. We showcase the need, potential benefits and first steps towards the solution in our example domain, biodiversity research.
Production experiment, subject 48
Creators: name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: kdt

description: Target and distractor stimuli embedded in carrier sentences. Subject is a 69-year-old female. Carried out in a quiet room in the temple of Wat Nakharin in Ban Khi Nak.
View integration in database design
Creators: name: Ng, Victor
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Database designers usually spend much time integrating database views created by different users. This is because different users have different perceptions of the real world. Therefore, conflicts exist between database views. The most common conflicts found are naming and structural ones. Wagner (1989) suggests four characteristics (name, meaning, construct and context) that can be used to identify and distinguish database elements. He also provides a complete solution for the inter-view conflicts. Finally, he derives some heuristic rules that are used to determine similar database elements. However, Wagner's approach does not provide database designers with an efficient conflict analysis procedure. Moreover, no direction is given to database designers for the comparison of different database elements. So, database designers have to compare unnecessary elements. The objective of this research is to lessen the requirement of the view integration system to interact with database designers during a conflict analysis. A more efficient method of conflict analysis is outlined which compares elements in the following order: 1) entities, 2) relatedness, 3) relationships and 4) attributes. Fuzzy logic is also used to provide database designers with some numerical analysis of the degree of similarity between entities. This concept is used at the stage of entities and relatedness identification. The improved view integration system reduces much of the database designers' workload by comparing fewer elements during the conflict analysis.
title: Automated Determination of Fingerprint Ridge Density and Fingerprint Size to Detect Sex Differences
Creators: name: Mohaupt, Marleen
name: Stoeter, Sieke
name: Labudde, Dirk
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fingerprints
subject: Ridge Density
subject: Sex Classification

description: A fingerprint is probably the most important biometric feature when trying to link a suspect to a crime scene. So far, without a hit in a fingerprint database, it was impossible to use a collected fingerprint to narrow down the group of suspects. Moreover, in the existing studies about deriving phenotypic characteristics from fingerprints the analyses were done manually. In contrast, in this paper a procedure is presented to automatically determine the fingerprint ridge density and the fingerprint size, in order to derive information about the sex of the person the fingerprint belongs to. All 10 fingerprints of 140 individuals (70 males and 70 females) belonging to the German Caucasian population were secured and then analyzed. The best result was obtained for the ulnar area in combination with the fingerprint size of the left thumb with F1 measures of 0.84 (k-nearest neighbors algorithm - KNN), 0.833 (Support Vector Machine) and 0.817 (logistic regression).
On the Application of Gluon to Heavy Quarkonium Fragmentation Functions
Creators: name: Qi, W.
name: Qiao, C. F.
name: Wang, J. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the uncertainties induced by different definitions of the momentum fraction $z$ in the application of gluon to heavy quarkonium fragmentation function. We numerically calculate the initial $g \to J / ψ$ fragmentation functions by using the non-covariant definitions of $z$ with finite gluon momentum and find that these fragmentation functions have strong dependence on the gluon momentum $\vec{k}$. As $| \vec{k} | \to \infty$, these fragmentation functions approach to the fragmentation function in the light-cone definition. Our numerical results show that large uncertainties remains while the non-covariant definitions of $z$ are employed in the application of the fragmentation functions. We present for the first time the polarized gluon to $J/ψ$ fragmentation functions, which are fitted by the scheme exploited in this work.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures;added reference for sec. 1
La polémica del multiverso
Creators: name: Gangui, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper offers a synthesis of the positions in the literature regarding controversies about the multiverse. After reviewing some simple elements of modern cosmology and its observational limitations, we will present the history of the ideas that led, first, to the proposal of the anthropic principle and, years later, to the possible existence of causally disconnected domains, eventually endowed with their own laws and fundamental constants, not all compatible with the existence of observers, which were globally baptized with the confusing name of parallel universes or multiverse.
description: in Spanish
A procedure for analyzing the full costs of development at the community level
Creators: name: Moffatt, Sebastian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis begins by outlining reasons why communities need to become much more involved with integrated resource planning (IRP) and full cost accounting. A review is conducted of the existing tools and methods available for use by those communities undertaking IRP. The implications of the review are that new tools are needed, that the tools should be designed to work together, that the models should be designed to provide varying levels of analytical detail, and that the models should allow the user to select a range of resource types, scales, and time periods. The thesis then provides a detailed look at full cost accounting methods. This includes an analysis of all the costs that need to be addressed, and the reasons why residential and commercial building developments are likely to include high external costs. A combination of approaches is suggested for expressing the full, life cycle cost values, including physical and monetary units. Multiple attribute analysis is described, and an argument is made that this approach is necessary to facilitate informed, creative decision making. A conceptual framework is presented for a new method of community IRP, referred to as the Building Block Method. This new method involves the use of archetyping, to cope with the complexity and quantity of data for the built environment. It also incorporates an end use model of the community components, and uses existing software to generate accurate modelling data on the performance of buildings, vehicles, and infrastructure archetypes. A partial application of the Building Block Method is presented, using a case study house in Surrey British Columbia. This example includes the use of software modelling tools to generate accurate and detailed data on all aspects of resource consumption over the life cycle of the house, at various physical scales. This detailed data is then used for full cost accounting. The total internal capital costs for the Base Case house are $106,348, excluding taxes of $35,000 and land costs of $200,000. Life cycle costs total $567,353, at a 4% discount rate over 50 years. The eight monetized external cost categories total $7,693 the first year, and $88,800 over the life time of the house. Life cycle resource flows for the Base Case house include 16,290 GJ of energy, 368,637 kg of materials, 570 tonnes of C02, and 658,000 litres fresh water. This attempt to conduct full cost accounting of housing services shows that it is a complicated process, that needs a clearly defined method, and an ability to cope with different resource flows and impacts, to alter spatial boundaries, to manage complex data, to incorporate transportation energy and to account for community health impacts. The framework and methods presented in this thesis appears to represent a worthwhile approach.
title: Throwing therapy at the problem mental health and humanitarian intervention in Palabek refugee settlement, northern Uganda
Creators: name: Torre, Costanza
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2023

description: This thesis examines the social, moral, and political lives of humanitarian mental health interventions in a refugee settlement in Uganda. It is written at the junction of two increasingly significant trends: the search for durable solutions for mass displacement, and the establishment of the field of global mental health as a key actor in the management of psychological suffering across the Global South. Through a scalar structure, it interrogates the intersections of psychological programmes with socio-economic conditions of chronic poverty and food insecurity, from policy discourses to refugees’ phenomenological experiences of suffering. In so doing, it critically examines the political significance and therapeutic potential of mental health interventions in extremely resource-poor contexts. Global mental health scholars and practitioners have developed approaches to refugee mental health based on three assumptions: that refugees’ emotional distress should be tackled by purely psychological interventions; that these programmes are clinically significant and politically neutral; and that the ‘contextual’ factors that should be considered in their implementation mostly concern ‘local’ interpretations of mental health and illness which diverge from Western biomedical frameworks. By ethnographically exploring experiences of psychological suffering among South Sudanese – and particularly Acholi – refugees in the settlement of Palabek, northern Uganda, this thesis disputes these contentions. Based on fourteen months of in-depth ethnographic fieldwork, this thesis puts forward a critique of global mental health and humanitarian interventions that takes seriously the role of poverty and power in shaping refugees’ afflictions. This thesis shows that forms of suffering experienced by refugees in Uganda are closely linked to the structural constraints of life in displacement. It shows how these interventions intersect with refugees’ phenomenological experiences of temporality and moral personhood. In so doing it argues that, when divorced from direct engagement with forms of structural injustice, current global mental health approaches actively ‘do harm’ by contributing to refugees’ psychological afflictions. Finally, this thesis proposes new directions for refugee and global mental health; it argues for a ‘temporal turn’ in refugee mental health which foregrounds refugees’ moral agency, and for the central role of livelihood interventions in generating therapeutic outcomes.
Direct test of time reversal invariance violation in B mesons
Creators: name: Alvarez, Ezequiel
name: Szynkman, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we reinterpret and reanalyze the available data of the B meson factories showing the existence of direct experimental evidence of time reversal invariance violation in B mesons. This reinterpretation consists of using the available observables to define a new observable which, in a model independent way and without assuming CPT invariance, compares a transition between a $B^0$ and a here-defined $B_α$-state, with its time reversed transition. The observable then offers a direct way to probe time reversal invariance and it is therefore independent of any conclusion obtained from current experimental information on CP violation and CPT invariance. As far as the authors are concerned, this is the first direct evidence of time reversal invariance violation in B mesons and also the first one obtained from decaying particles whose mean life time difference is negligible.
description: 9 pages, no figures. Refined version matching published article in Modern Physics Letters A
Elevation angle dependence of the SMA antenna focus position
Creators: name: Matsushita, Satoki
name: Saito, Masao
name: Sakamoto, Kazushi
name: Hunter, Todd R.
name: Patel, Nimesh A.
name: Sridharan, Tirupati K.
name: Wilson, Robert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the measurement results and compensation of the antenna elevation angle dependences of the Sub-millimeter Array (SMA) antenna characteristics. Without optimizing the subreflector (focus) positions as a function of the antenna elevation angle, antenna beam patterns show lopsided sidelobes, and antenna efficiencies show degradations. The sidelobe level increases and the antenna efficiencies decrease about 1% and a few %, respectively, for every 10 degrees change in the elevation angle at the measured frequency of 237 GHz. We therefore obtained the optimized subreflector positions for X (azimuth), Y (elevation), and Z (radio optics) focus axes at various elevation angles for all the eight SMA antennas. The X axis position does not depend on the elevation angle. The Y and Z axes positions depend on the elevation angles, and are well fitted with a simple function for each axis with including a gravity term (cosine and sine of elevation, respectively). In the optimized subreflector positions, the antenna beam patterns show low level symmetric sidelobe of at most a few %, and the antenna efficiencies stay constant at any antenna elevation angles. Using one set of fitted functions for all antennas, the SMA is now operating with real-time focusing, and showing constant antenna characteristics at any given elevation angle.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures; to appear in the Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 6275 "Millimeter and Submillimeter Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy III"
Anderson transition in systems with chiral symmetry
Creators: name: Garcia-Garcia, Antonio M.
name: Cuevas, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anderson localization is a universal quantum feature caused by destructive interference. On the other hand chiral symmetry is a key ingredient in different problems of theoretical physics: from nonperturbative QCD to highly doped semiconductors. We investigate the interplay of these two phenomena in the context of a three-dimensional disordered system. We show that chiral symmetry induces an Anderson transition (AT) in the region close to the band center. Typical properties at the AT such as multifractality and critical statistics are quantitatively affected by this additional symmetry. The origin of the AT has been traced back to the power-law decay of the eigenstates; this feature may also be relevant in systems without chiral symmetry.
description: RevTex4, 4 two-column pages, 3 .eps figures, updated references, final version as published in Phys. Rev. B
Additional file 1 of Insights into predicting small molecule retention times in liquid chromatography using deep learning
Creators: name: Liu, Yuting
name: Yoshizawa, Akiyasu C.
name: Ling, Yiwei
name: Okuda, Shujiro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary material 1.
title: Nachhaltigkeit und Abwärmenutzung an HPC-Zentren
Creators: name: Conrad, Norbert
name: Resch, Michael
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Abwärmenutzung
subject: HPC
subject: Managementsysteme
subject: Nachhaltigkeit

description: Managementsysteme helfen Rechenzentren, Ziele wie die Minimierung von Umweltauswirkungen zu erreichen. Abwärmenutzung trägt dabei wesentlich zur V Verbesserung der Ökobilanz von Rechenzentren bei.
Nonresonant Diffusion in Alpha Channeling
Creators: name: Ochs, Ian E.
name: Fisch, Nathaniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gradient of fusion-born alpha particles that arises in a fusion reactor can be exploited to amplify waves, which cool the alpha particles while diffusively extracting them from the reactor. The corresponding extraction of the resonant alpha particle charge has been suggested as a mechanism to drive rotation. By deriving a coupled linear-quasilinear theory of alpha channeling, we show that, for a time-growing wave with a purely poloidal wavevector, a current in the nonresonant ions cancels the resonant alpha particle current, preventing the rotation drive but fueling the fusion reaction.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, plus 4-page supplementary material
title: Innovation by Information Technology Recombination: How Artificial Intelligence Progressive Web Apps Foster Sustainable Development
Creators: name: Fukas, Philipp
name: Thomas, Oliver
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Progressive Web Apps
subject: Recombinant Innovation
subject: Sustainability
subject: Systematic Literature Review

description: Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) represent two major trends in today’s development of modern information systems. AI aims to automate intelligent behaviour whereas PWAs aim to provide fast, reliable, and engaging applications. The influence of these two key technologies on organisations and sustainable development on their own has already been explored. However, there is no research that merges these technologies in terms of recombinant innovation to show their joint potential. By conducting a systematic literature review this article reveals the positive impact of “Artificial Intelligence Progressive Web Apps” (AI-PWAs) on sustainability. It is shown that AI-PWAs can realise economic, environmental and social benefits and thus can support the achievement of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals.
Experimental implementation of non-Gaussian attacks on a continuous-variable quantum key distribution system
Creators: name: Lodewyck, Jerome
name: Debuisschert, Thierry
name: Garcia-Patron, Raul
name: Tualle-Brouri, Rosa
name: Cerf, Nicolas J.
name: Grangier, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An intercept-resend attack on a continuous-variable quantum-key-distribution protocol is investigated experimentally. By varying the interception fraction, one can implement a family of attacks where the eavesdropper totally controls the channel parameters. In general, such attacks add excess noise in the channel, and may also result in non-Gaussian output distributions. We implement and characterize the measurements needed to detect these attacks, and evaluate experimentally the information rates available to the legitimate users and the eavesdropper. The results are consistent with the optimality of Gaussian attacks resulting from the security proofs.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Factors Behind the Rise of National Radical Parties - economic, social and political aspects
Creators: name: Vértesy, László
Publisher: name: Gazdaságelemző Intézet - Institute of Economic Analysis
Year: 2018
Subjects: politics
economy
elections
parties
radicalisation
populism

description: The political landscape of the last two decades has witnessed a significant transformation in the programmatic agenda of national radical parties, as observed through comparative analyses. National radical parties, also known as populist radical right (PRR) parties, have emerged as a significant political force in many Western democracies in recent decades. These parties often advocate for nativist, protectionist, and anti-establishment policies, and they have been linked to various economic and social issues.
Persistence of the spectral gap for the Landau-Pekar equations
Creators: name: Feliciangeli, Dario
name: Rademacher, Simone
name: Seiringer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Landau-Pekar equations describe the dynamics of a strongly coupled polaron. Here we provide a class of initial data for which the associated effective Hamiltonian has a uniform spectral gap for all times. For such initial data, this allows us to extend the results on the adiabatic theorem for the Landau-Pekar equations and their derivation from the Froehlich model obtained in [8, 7] to larger times.
description: 15 pages
GLM-based decoding of contour classification from EEG signals
Creators: name: Castellano, Marta
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Here we present a novel framework where a pattern class is applied to EEG data, enabling the parsing of neural representations associated to cognitive tasks in real time. By testing at which moment what cognitive process can be decoded from EEG, we can a) study the time course of cognitive codes and b) test causal relationships between these codes and cognition.
title: A kernel driver modification to visualize and reconstruct data transfer between computer and USB mass storage devices
Creators: name: Zöllner, Joshua
name: Petschke, Dmitry
name: Schinner,
name: Alexander,
name: Weber,
name: Kristin,
name: Mayer, Manuel
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digital forensics
subject: Data Transfer
subject: File System Analysis
subject: Protocol Reverse Engineering
subject: Forensic Image
subject: USB Software-Defined Mass Storage Device

description: The aim of this work is to create a completely new method for analysing the physical access to USB mass storage devices and to reconstruct the file access from the logged data. This is achieved by replacing a real USB stick with a full software simulation based on a Raspberry PI Zero using USB gadget mode. To achieve full information, we extended the logging capabilities of the Linux kernel driver. This allows to log position and size of each reading operation at the lowest possible level. For write operation, the written data is logged, too. This enables logging completely independent of the operating system or file system and allows a forensic image to be calculated that has time as an additional dimension. Further advantages of this method are that it is completely undetectable from the host computer and random accesses bypassing a file system can also be logged. A reconstruction of the original file access is shown and the possibilities for new attack vectors are discussed.
Large-alphabet sequence modelling - a comparative study
Creators: name: Shao, Wen
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Character sets (Data processing)
subject: Heuristic algorithms
subject: Big data

description: Most raw data is not binary, but over some often large and structured alphabet. Sometimes it is convenient to deal with binarised data sequence, but typically exploiting the original structure of the data significantly improves performance in many practical applications. In this thesis, we study Martin-Lof random sequences that are maximally incompressible and provide a topological view on the size of the set of random sequences. We also investigate the relationship between binary data compression techniques and modelling natural language text with the latter using raw unbinarised data sequence from a large alphabet. We perform an experimental comparative study for them, including an empirical comparison between Kneser-Ney (KN) variants with regular Context Tree Weighting algorithm (CTW) and phase CTW, and with large-alphabet CTW with different estimators. We also apply the idea of Hutter's adaptive sparse Dirichlet-multinomial coding to the KN method and provide a heuristic to make the discounting parameter adaptive. The KN with this adaptive discounting parameter outperforms the traditional KN method on the Large Calgary corpus.
Linear response in aging glassy systems, intermittency and the Poisson statistics of record fluctuations
Creators: name: Sibani, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the intermittent behavior of the energy decay and linear magnetic response of a glassy system during isothermal aging after a deep thermal quench using the Edward-Anderson spin glass model as a paradigmatic example. The large intermittent changes in the two observables are found to occur in a correlated fashion and through irreversible bursts, `quakes', which punctuate reversible and equilibrium-like fluctuations of zero average. The temporal distribution of the quakes it found to be a Poisson distribution with an average growing logarithmically on time, indicating that the quakes are triggered by record sized fluctuations. As the drift of an aging system is to a good approximation subordinated to the quakes, simple analytical expressions (Sibani et al. Phys Rev B 74, 224407, 2006) are available for the time and age dependence of the average response and average energy. These expressions are shown to capture the time dependencies of the EA simulation results. Finally, we argue that whenever the changes of the linear response function and of its conjugate autocorrelation function follow from the same intermittent events a fluctuation-dissipation-like relation can arise between the two in off-equilibrium aging.
description: 10 pages, 17 figures. The mproved version now includes a direct analysis of the intermittent signal. The new title is hopefully more informative. Accepted for publication in EPJB
MARTY, a new C++ framework for automated symbolic calculations in Beyond the Standard Model physics
Creators: name: Uhlrich, G.
name: Mahmoudi, F.
name: Arbey, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical calculations Beyond the Standard Model (BSM) constitute a challenge for high energy physicists, but are necessary when searching for New Physics. The predictions of a BSM scenario need to be compared with experimental data and the Standard Model values in order to identify the model that fits better what we observe in particle colliders. BSM predictions require very involved and error prone calculations of amplitudes, cross-sections and Wilson coefficients. Calculations at the one-loop level are often necessary for these quantities since some phenomenologically important processes may not occur at tree-level, such as Flavor Changing Neutral Currents (FCNC) in flavor physics that vanish at the tree-level. One-loop calculations have to be done analytically which is very time consuming and in practice rarely done for general BSM models. Here we present MARTY, a public and open-source C++ code. MARTY is the very first independent program able to calculate automatically amplitudes, squared amplitudes and Wilson coefficients at the one-loop level for general BSM models. This type of calculations requires a computer algebra system and could only be done, up to now, using Mathematica, a commercial and closed software for symbolic manipulations. MARTY does not rely on Mathematica since it re-implements its own computer algebra system also in C++, called CSL. MARTY will considerably ease BSM studies as by automating the analytical calculations the main task of the user would be the model building part. Once interfaced with other phenomenological codes in particle physics, MARTY will be incredibly efficient to make detailed predictions for general BSM models automatically.
description: Contribution to the 40th International Conference on High Energy physics - ICHEP2020, 6 pages, 4 figures