cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A New Analysis Method for Simulations Using Node Categorizations
Creators: name: Yuasa, Tomoyuki
name: Shirayama, Susumu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most research concerning the influence of network structure on phenomena taking place on the network focus on relationships between global statistics of the network structure and characteristic properties of those phenomena, even though local structure has a significant effect on the dynamics of some phenomena. In the present paper, we propose a new analysis method for phenomena on networks based on a categorization of nodes. First, local statistics such as the average path length and the clustering coefficient for a node are calculated and assigned to the respective node. Then, the nodes are categorized using the self-organizing map (SOM) algorithm. Characteristic properties of the phenomena of interest are visualized for each category of nodes. The validity of our method is demonstrated using the results of two simulation models. The proposed method is useful as a research tool to understand the behavior of networks, in particular, for the large-scale networks that existing visualization techniques cannot work well.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures. This paper will be published in Social Network Analysis and Mining(www.springerlink.com)
Determining $g_{A}/g_{V}$ with High Resolution Spectral Measurements Using an LiInSe$_2$ Bolometer
Creators: name: Leder, A. F.
name: Mayer, D.
name: Ouellet, J. L.
name: Danevich, F. A.
name: Dumoulin, L.
name: Giuliani, A.
name: Kostensalo, J.
name: Kotila, J.
name: de Marcillac, P.
name: Nones, C.
name: Novati, V.
name: Olivieri, E.
name: Poda, D.
name: Suhonen, J.
name: Tretyak, V. I.
name: Winslow, L.
name: Zolotarova, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrinoless Double-Beta decay (0$νββ$) processes sample a wide range of intermediate forbidden nuclear transitions, which may be impacted by quenching of the axial vector coupling constant ($g_A/g_V$), the uncertainty of which plays a pivotal role in determining the sensitivity reach of 0$νββ$ experiments. In this Letter, we present measurements performed on a high-resolution LiInSe$_{2}$~ bolometer in a ''source=detector'' configuration to measure the spectral shape of the 4-fold forbidden $β$-decay of $^{115}$In. The value of $g_A/g_V$ is determined by comparing the spectral shape of theoretical predictions to the experimental $β$ spectrum taking into account various simulated background components as well as a variety of detector effects. We find evidence of quenching of $g_A/g_V$ at $>5σ$ with a model-dependent quenching factor of $0.655\pm0.002$ as compared to the free-nucleon value for the Interacting Shell Model. We also measured the $^{115}$In half-life to be [$5.18\pm0.06(\text{stat.})^{+0.005}_{-0.015}(\text{sys.})]\times{10}^{14}$ yr within the Interacting Shell Model framework. This work demonstrates the power of the bolometeric technique to perform precision nuclear physics single-$β$ decay measurements, which can help reduce the uncertainties in the calculation of $0νββ$ nuclear matrix elements.
description: 7 Pages, 4 Figures, 2 Tables, Submitted to PRL
AstroSat observation of rapid Type-I thermonuclear burst from the low mass X-ray binary GX 3+1
Creators: name: Nath, Ankur
name: Sarkar, Biplob
name: Roy, Jayashree
name: Misra, Ranjeev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of an observation of low mass X-ray binary GX 3+1 with {\it AstroSat}'s Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter (LAXPC) and Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT) instruments on-board for the first time. We have detected one Type-1 thermonuclear burst ($\sim$ 15 s) present in the LAXPC 20 light curve, with a double peak feature at higher energies and our study of the hardness-intensity diagram reveals that the source was in a soft banana state. The pre-burst emission could be described well by a thermally Comptonised model component. The burst spectra is modelled adopting a time-resolved spectroscopic method using a single color blackbody model added to the pre-burst model, to monitor the parametric changes as the burst decays. Based on our time-resolved spectroscopy, we claim that the detected burst is a photospheric radius expansion (PRE) burst. During the PRE phase, the blackbody flux is found to be approximately constant at an averaged value $\sim$ 2.56 in $10^{-8}$ ergs s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ units. On the basis of literature survey, we infer that \textit{AstroSat}/LAXPC 20 has detected a burst from GX 3+1 after more than a decade which is also a PRE one. Utilising the burst parameters obtained, we provide a new estimation to the source distance, which is $\sim$ 9.3 $\pm$ 0.4 kpc, calculated for an isotropic burst emission. Finally, we discuss and compare our findings with the published literature reports.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in The Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy
Deep GMRT 150 MHz observations of the DEEP2 fields: Searching for High Red-shift Radio Galaxies Revisited
Creators: name: Bisoi, Susanta Kumar
name: Ishwara-Chandra, C. H.
name: Sirothia, S. K.
name: Janardhan, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High red-shift radio galaxies are best searched at low radio frequencies, due to its steep radio spectra. Here we present preliminary results from our programme to search for high red-shift radio galaxies to ~ 10 to 100 times fainter than the known population till date. We have extracted ultra-steep spectrum (USS) samples from deep 150 MHz Giant Meter-wave Radio Telescope (GMRT) observations from one of the three well-studied DEEP2 fields to this affect. From correlating these radio sources w.r.t to the high-frequency catalogues such as VLA, FIRST, and NVSS at 1.4 GHz, we find ~ 100 steep spectrum (spectral index, $α$ $>$ 1) radio sources, which are good candidates for high red-shift radio galaxies.
description: 3 pages, 1 figures, Revised version under review in the Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy
GPSMirror: Expanding Accurate GPS Positioning to Shadowed and Indoor Regions with Backscatter
Creators: name: Dong, Huixin
name: Xie, Yirong
name: Zhang, Xianan
name: Wang, Wei
name: Zhang, Xinyu
name: He, Jianhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Despite the prevalence of GPS services, they still suffer from intermittent positioning with poor accuracy in partially shadowed regions like urban canyons, flyover shadows, and factories' indoor areas. Existing wisdom relies on hardware modifications of GPS receivers or power-hungry infrastructures requiring continuous plug-in power supply which is hard to provide in outdoor regions and some factories. This paper fills the gap with GPSMirror, the first GPS-strengthening system that works for unmodified smartphones with the assistance of newly-designed GPS backscatter tags. The key enabling techniques in GPSMirror include: (i) a careful hardware design with microwatt-level power consumption that pushes the limit of backscatter sensitivity to re-radiate extremely weak GPS signals with enough coverage approaching the regulation limit; and (ii) a novel GPS positioning algorithm achieving meter-level accuracy in shadowed regions as well as expanding locatable regions under inadequate satellites where conventional algorithms fail. We build a prototype of the GPSMirror tags and conduct comprehensive experiments to evaluate them. Our results show that a GPSMirror tag can provide coverage up to 27.7 m. GPSMirror achieves median positioning accuracy of 3.7 m indoors and 4.6 m in urban canyon environments, respectively.
description: 13 pages, 26 figures, to appear in MobiCom 2023
The complex case of V445 Lyr observed with Kepler: Two Blazhko modulations, a non-radial mode, possible triple mode RR Lyrae pulsation, and more
Creators: name: Guggenberger, E.
name: Kolenberg, K.
name: Nemec, J. M.
name: Smolec, R.
name: Benkő, J. M.
name: Ngeow, C. -C.
name: Cohen, J. G.
name: Sesar, B.
name: Szabó, R.
name: Catelan, M.
name: Moskalik, P.
name: Kinemuchi, K.
name: Seader, S. E.
name: Smith, J. C.
name: Tenenbaum, P.
name: Kjeldsen, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rapid and strong changes in the Blazhko modulation of RR Lyrae stars, as they have recently been detected in high precision satellite data, have become a crucial topic in finding an explanation of the long-standing mystery of the Blazhko effect. We present here an analysis of the most extreme case detected so far, the RRab star V445 Lyr (KIC 6186029) which was observed with the Kepler space mission. V445 Lyr shows very strong cycle-to-cycle changes in its Blazhko modulation, which are caused both by a secondary long-term modulation period as well as irregular variations. In addition to the complex Blazhko modulation, V445 Lyr also shows a rich spectrum of additional peaks in the frequency range between the fundamental pulsation and the first harmonic. Among those peaks, the second radial overtone could be identified, which, combined with a metallicity estimate of [Fe/H]=-2.0 dex from spectroscopy, allowed to constrain the mass (0.55-0.65 M_sun) and luminosity (40-50 L_sun) of V445 Lyr through theoretical Petersen diagrams. A non-radial mode as well as possibly the first overtone are also excited. Furthermore, V445 Lyr shows signs of the period doubling phenomenon and a long term period change. A detailed Fourier analysis along with a study of the O-C variation of V445 Lyr is presented, and the origin of the additional peaks and possible causes of the changes in the Blazhko modulation are discussed. The results are then put into context with those of the only other star with a variable Blazhko effect for which a long enough set of high precision continuous satellite data has been published so far, the CoRoT star 105288363.
description: 19 pages, 20 figuers, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Developing the Expression of Recombinant Human Coagulation Factor VII by the Lizard Leishmania Expression System
Creators: name: Mirzaahmadi, Sina
name: Asaadi-Tehrani, Golnaz
name: Bandehpour, Mojgan
name: Nooshin Davoudi
name: Tahmasbi, Leila
name: Hosseinzadeh, Nahid
name: Mirzahoseini, Hasan
name: Parivar, Kazem
name: Kazemi, Bahram
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Expression system
Lizard Leishmania
human coagulation factor VII
gene expression

description: The variety of recombinant protein expression systems have been developed as a resource of FVII gene expression. In the current study, the authors used a novel protein expression system based on the Iranian Lizard Leishmania, a trypanosomatid protozoan as a host for expression of FVII. Based on the understanding of the role of activated FVII in the treatment of the coagulation disorders, synthesis of recombinant activated FVII (rFVIIa) was considered. Plasmid containing cDNA encoding full-length human FVII was introduced into Lizard Leishmania and positive transfectants were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis. Furthermore, biological activity of purified protein was detected by PT assay. The recombinant strain harboring a construct was analyzed for expression of FVII at the mRNA and protein level. Purified rFVII was obtained and in order to confirm the purified compound was in fact rFVII. Western blot analysis was carried out. Clotting time in PT assay was reduced about 30 seconds with the purified rFVII. In Conclusion, this study has demonstrated, for the first time, that Leishmania cells can be used as an expression system for producing recombinant FVII.
Fully Self-Consistent Finite-Temperature $GW$ in Gaussian Bloch Orbitals for Solids
Creators: name: Yeh, Chia-Nan
name: Iskakov, Sergei
name: Zgid, Dominika
name: Gull, Emanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present algorithmic and implementation details for the fully self-consistent finite-temperature $GW$ method in Gaussian Bloch orbitals for solids. Our implementation is based on the finite-temperature Green's function formalism in which all equations are solved on the imaginary axis, without resorting to analytical continuation during the self-consistency. No quasiparticle approximation is employed and all matrix elements of the self-energy are explicitly evaluated. The method is tested by evaluating the band gaps of selected semiconductors and insulators. We show agreement with other, differently formulated finite-temperature sc$GW$ implementations when finite-size corrections and basis set errors are taken into account. By migrating computationally intensive calculations to GPUs, we obtain scalable results on large supercomputers with nearly optimal performance. Our work demonstrates the applicability of Gaussian orbital based sc$GW$ for $\emph{ab initio}$ correlated materials simulations and provides a sound starting point for embedding methods built on top of $GW$.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
Remembering Ludwig Dmitrievich Faddeev, our lifelong partner in mathematical physics
Creators: name: Sternheimer, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 01A70, 01A60

description: We briefly recount the long friendship that developed between Ludwig and us (Moshe Flato and I), since we first met at ICM 1966 in Moscow. That friendship extended to his school and family, and persists to this day. Its strong personal impact and main scientific components are sketched, including reflexions on what mathematical physics is (or should be).
description: 12 pages
Binaries Wandering Around Supermassive Black Holes Due To Gravito-electromagnetism
Creators: name: Chen, Xian
name: Zhang, Zhongfu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs) are important sources for space-borne gravitational-wave (GW) detectors. Such a source normally consists of a stellar-mass black hole (BH) and a Kerr supermassive BH (SMBH), but recent astrophysical models predict that the small body could also be a stellar-mass binary BH (BBH). A BBH reaching several gravitational radii of a SMBH will induce rich observable signatures in the waveform, but the current numerical tools are insufficient to simulate such a triple system while capturing the essential relativistic effects. Here we solve the problem by studying the dynamics in a frame freely falling alongside the BBH. Since the BBH is normally non-relativistic and much smaller than the curvature radius of the Kerr background, the evolution in the free-fall frame reduces to essentially Newtonian dynamics, except for a perturbative gravito-electromagnetic (GEM) force induced by the curved background. We use this method to study the BBHs on near-circular orbits around a SMBH and track their evolution down to a distance of $2-3$ gravitational radii from the SMBH. Our simulations reveal a series of dynamical effects which are not shown in the previous studies using conventional methods. The most notable one is a radial oscillation and azimuthal drift of the BBH relative to the SMBH. These results provide new insight into the evolution and detection of the EMRIs containing BBHs.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures. Comments welcome!
The Advanced X-ray Timing Array (AXTAR): A US MIDEX Mission Concept
Creators: name: Ray, Paul S.
name: Phlips, Bernard F.
name: Wood, Kent S.
name: Chakrabarty, Deepto
name: Remillard, Ronald A.
name: Wilson-Hodge, Colleen A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AXTAR is a NASA MIDEX mission concept for X-ray timing of compact objects that combines very large collecting area, broadband spectral coverage, high time resolution, highly flexible scheduling, and an ability to respond promptly to time-critical targets of opportunity. It is optimized for submillisecond timing of bright Galactic X-ray sources in order to study phenomena at the natural time scales of neutron star surfaces and black hole event horizons, thus probing the physics of ultradense matter, strongly curved spacetimes, and intense magnetic fields. AXTAR's main instrument is a collimated, thick Si pixel detector with 2-50 keV coverage and over 3 square meters effective area. For timing observations of accreting neutron stars and black holes, AXTAR provides at least a factor of five improvement in sensitivity over the RXTE PCA. AXTAR also carries a sensitive sky monitor that acts as a trigger for pointed observations of X-ray transients in addition to providing high duty cycle monitoring of the X-ray sky. We review the science goals and design choices that face a next generation timing mission. We then describe the technical concept for AXTAR and summarize a preliminary mission design study at the NASA/MSFC Advanced Concepts Office.
description: 6 pages, submitted to proceedings of "Fast X-ray timing and spectroscopy at extreme count rates: Science with the HTRS on the International X-ray Observatory - HTRS2011", to appear in Proceedings of Science volume PoS(HTRS 2011)
Surface-directed and bulk spinodal decomposition compete to decide the morphology of bimetallic nanoparticles
Creators: name: Pankaj, P.
name: Bhattacharyya, Saswata
name: Chatterjee, Subhradeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An embedded-domain phase-field formalism is used for studying phase transformation pathways in bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs). Competition of bulk and surface-directed spinodal decomposition processes and their interplay with capillarity are identified as the main determinants of BNP morphology. The former is characterized by an effective bulk driving force $Δ\tilde{f}$ which increases with decreasing temperature, while the latter manifests itself through a balance of interfacial energies captured by the contact angle $θ$. The simulated morphologies, namely, core-shell, Janus and inverse core-shell, cluster into distinct regions of the $Δ\tilde{f}$-$θ$ space. Variation of $θ$ with $Δ\tilde{f}$ in the Ag-Cu alloy system is computed as a function of temperature using a CALPHAD approach in which surface energies are estimated from a modified Butler equation. This $θ-Δ\tilde{f}$ trajectory for Ag-Cu, when superimposed on the morphology map, enables the prediction of different morphological transitions as a function of temperature. Therefore, the study establishes a unique thermodynamic framework coupled with phase-field simulations for predicting and tailoring nanoparticle morphology through a variation of processing temperature.
Cosmological Constraint Precision of the Photometric and Spectroscopic Multi-probe Surveys of China Space Station Telescope (CSST)
Creators: name: Miao, Haitao
name: Gong, Yan
name: Chen, Xuelei
name: Huang, Zhiqi
name: Li, Xiao-Dong
name: Zhan, Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As one of Stage IV space-based telescopes, China Space Station Telescope (CSST) can perform photometric and spectroscopic surveys simultaneously to efficiently explore the Universe in extreme precision. In this work, we investigate several powerful CSST cosmological probes, including cosmic shear, galaxy-galaxy lensing, photometric and spectroscopic galaxy clustering, and number counts of galaxy clusters, and study the capability of these probes by forecasting the results of joint constraints on the cosmological parameters. By referring to real observational results, we generate mock data and estimate the measured errors based on CSST observational and instrumental designs. To study the systematical effects on the results, we also consider a number of systematics in CSST photometric and spectroscopic surveys, such as the intrinsic alignment, shear calibration uncertainties, photometric redshift uncertainties, galaxy bias, non-linear effects, instrumental effects, etc. The Fisher matrix method is used to derive the constraint results from individual or joint surveys on the cosmological and systematical parameters. We find that the joint constraints by including all these CSST cosmological probes can significantly improve the results from current observations by one order of magnitude at least, which gives $Ω_m$ and $σ_8$ $<$1% accuracy, and $w_0$ and $w_a$ $<$5% and 20% accuracies, respectively. This indicates that the CSST photometric and spectroscopic multi-probe surveys could provide powerful tools to explore the Universe and greatly improve the studies of relevant cosmological problems.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
A Temperature Trend for Clouds and Hazes in Exoplanets Atmospheres
Creators: name: Estrela, Raissa
name: Swain, Mark
name: Roudier, Gael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transmission spectra of exoplanet atmospheres observed with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in the near-infrared range (1.1-1.65$μ$m) frequently show evidence for some combination of clouds and hazes. Identification of systematic trends in exoplanet clouds and hazes is potentially important for understanding atmospheric composition and temperature structure. Here we report on the analysis of spectral modulation using a large, uniformly processed sample of HST/WFC3 transit spectra from 62 exoplanets. The spectral retrieval includes the capability to detect and represent atmospheres in which the composition departs from thermochemical equilibrium. By using this unique catalog and measuring the dampening of spectral modulations compared to strictly clear atmospheres, we identify two populations. One is completely cloud/haze free spanning a wide temperature range, while the other population, identified as ``Partial cloud/hazes'', follows a trend from mostly cloudy/hazy around 500~K to mostly clear at $\sim$1500~K. We also find that a partially transparent aerosol component is frequently present and that it is typically vertically distributed throughout the atmospheric column. Our findings also suggest that while clouds and hazes are common in exoplanet atmospheres, the majority of planets have some level of detectable spectral modulation. Additionally, the empirical trend that clouds and hazes are minimized at 1460.86K$^{+316}_{-405}$ revealed in our catalog has predictive utility for modelling the performance of large-scale transiting exoplanets survey, such as planned with the Ariel mission. This trend can also be used for making a probability-based forecast of spectral modulation for a given source in the context of future JWST observations. Future observations including the optical and/or a broader spectral coverage may be useful to further quantify the trend reported here.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApjL
Forecasting pulsar timing array sensitivity to anisotropy in the stochastic gravitational wave background
Creators: name: Pol, Nihan
name: Taylor, Stephen R.
name: Romano, Joseph D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statistical anisotropy in the nanohertz-frequency gravitational-wave background (GWB) is expected to be detected by pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) in the near future. By developing a frequentist statistical framework that intrinsically restricts the GWB power to be positive, we establish scaling relations for multipole-dependent anisotropy decision thresholds that are a function of the noise properties, timing baselines, and cadences of the pulsars in a PTA. We verify that $(i)$ a larger number of pulsars, and $(ii)$ factors that lead to lower uncertainty on the cross-correlation measurements between pulsars, lead to a higher overall GWB signal-to-noise ratio, and lower anisotropy decision thresholds with which to reject the null hypothesis of isotropy. Using conservative simulations of realistic NANOGrav datasets, we predict that an anisotropic GWB with angular power $C_{l=1} > 0.3\,C_{l=0}$ may be sufficient to produce tension with isotropy at the $p = 3\times10^{-3}$ ($\sim3σ$) level in near-future NANOGrav data with a $20$~yr baseline. We present ready-to-use scaling relationships that can map these thresholds to any number of pulsars, configuration of pulsar noise properties, and sky coverage. We discuss how PTAs can improve the detection prospects for anisotropy, as well as how our methods can be adapted for more versatile searches.
description: Submitted to ApJ. Comments welcome
The Unified First law in "Cosmic Triad" Vector Field Scenario
Creators: name: Zhang, Yi
name: Gong, Yungui
name: Zhu, Zong-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we try to apply the unified first law to the "cosmic triad" vector field scenario both in the minimal coupling case and in the non-minimalcoupling case. After transferring the non-minimally coupling action in Jordan frame to Einstein frame, the correct dynamical equation (Friedmann equation) is gotten in a thermal equilibrium process by using the already existing entropy while the entropy in the non-minimal coupled "cosmic triad" scenario has not been derived. And after transferring the variables back to Jordan frame, the corresponding Friedmann equation is demonstrated to be correct. For complete arguments, we also calculate the related Misner-Sharp energy in Jordan and Einstein frames.
description: 19 pages, no figures
Neutrino-nucleus CC0$π$ cross-section tuning in GENIE v3
Creators: name: Tena-Vidal, Julia
name: Andreopoulos, Costas
name: Ashkenazi, Adi
name: Barrow, Joshua
name: Dytman, Steven
name: Gallagher, Hugh
name: Soto, Alfonso Andres Garcia
name: Gardiner, Steven
name: Goldenberg, Matan
name: Hatcher, Robert
name: Hen, Or
name: Hobbs, Timothy J.
name: Kakorin, Igor D.
name: Kuzmin, Konstantin S.
name: Meregalia, Anselmo
name: Naumov, Vadim A.
name: Papadopoulou, Afroditi
name: Perdue, Gabriel
name: Roda, Marco
name: Sportes, Alon
name: Steinberg, Noah
name: Syrotenko, Vladyslav
name: Wolcott, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article summarizes the state of the art of $ν_μ$ and $\barν_μ$ CC0$π$ cross-section measurements on carbon and argon and discusses the relevant nuclear models, parametrizations and uncertainties in GENIE v3. The CC0$π$ event topology is common in experiments at a few-GeV energy range. Although its main contribution comes from quasi-elastic interactions, this topology is still not well understood. The GENIE global analysis framework is exploited to analyze CC0$π$ datasets from MiniBooNE, T2K and MINERvA. A partial tune for each experiment is performed, providing a common base for the discussion of tensions between datasets. The results offer an improved description of nuclear CC0$π$ datasets as well as data-driven uncertainties for each experiment. This work is a step towards a GENIE global tune that improves our understanding of neutrino interactions on nuclei. It follows from earlier GENIE work on the analysis of neutrino scattering datasets on hydrogen and deuterium.
Novel neutron decay mode inside neutron stars
Creators: name: Husain, Wasif
name: Thomas, Anthony W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the suggestion that the neutron lifetime puzzle might be resolved by neutrons decaying into dark matter through the process, n \rightarrow χχχ, with χhaving a mass one third of that of the neutron. In particular, we examine the consequences of such a decay mode for the properties of neutron stars. Unlike an earlier suggested decay mode, in order to satisfy the constraints on neutron star mass and tidal deformability, there is no need for a strong repulsive force between the dark matter particles. This study suggests the possibility of having hot dark matter at the core of the neutron star and presents a possible mechanism of dark matter cooling, and examines the possible signal of neutrons decaying in this way inside the neutron star right after its birth.
description: 5 figures
title: Effect of transition metal fluorides on the sorption properties of the Ca(BH4)2 and Ca(BH4)2 + MgH2 composite system
title: Der Einfluss von Übergangsmetall-Flouriden auf die Sorptionseigenschaften von Ca(BH4)2 und dem Komposithydrid Ca(BH4)2 + MgH2
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Bonatto Minella, Christian
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2013
Subjects: Wasserstoffspeicherung
Calcium Borhydrid
Magnesiumhydrid
11B Rotation im magischen Winkel Festkörper Kernspinresonanzspektroskop
Heterogene
hydrogen storage
calcium borohydride
magnesium hydride
11B MAS-NMR (Magic Angle Spinning–Nuclear Magnetic resonance)
hetero

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit umfasst eine umfassende Untersuchung der Wirkung von ausgewählten Übergangsmetall-Fluoriden auf die Sorptionseigenschaften von Ca(BH4)2 und dem Ca(BH4)2 + MgH2-Verbundsystem. Eine signifikante Verbesserung der Kinetik der (Re-) Hydrierung durch Zugabe von Übergangsmetall-Fluoriden wurde erreicht. Die Bildung von Übergangsmetallborid-Nanopartikeln ist entscheidend für die heterogene Keimbildung von CaB6 während der Wasserstoffdesorptionsreaktion. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass partielle Reversibilität bei den in dieser Arbeit vorliegenden experimentellen Bedingungen durch die Bildung von CaB12H12möglich ist. Im Falle des Ca(BH4)2 + MgH2-Kompositsystems wird die Reversibilität ohne weitere Zugabe von Zusatzstoffen erreicht. Mg wird daher als die treibende Kraft für die heterogene Keimbildung während der CaB6-Zersetzung des Ca(BH4)2 + MgH2-Verbundsystems betrachtet. Der Einfluss des verwendeten Wasserstoffdrucks und der Temperatur auf die Desorptionsreaktion wurde untersucht. Die Rolle des CaB12H12 während des Zyklisierens und seine Gegenwirkung bei der (Re-)Hydrierung werden beurteilt.
description: A comprehensive investigation of the effect of selected transition metal fluorides on the sorption properties of Ca(BH4)2 and Ca(BH4)2 + MgH2 composite system is performed in detail. A significant kinetic improvement upon (re)hydrogenation is achieved by addition of transition metal fluorides. Formation of transition metal boride nanoparticles is observed to be essential to promote heterogeneous nucleation of CaB6 during hydrogen desorption reaction. Formation of CaB12H12 limits the reversibility at the experimental conditions reported in this study. In case of the Ca(BH4)2 + MgH2 composite system, the reversibility is achieved without further addition of additives. Mg acts as heterogeneous nucleation agent of CaB6 during decomposition of the Ca(BH4)2 + MgH2 composite system. The effect of the applied hydrogen pressure and temperature on the desorption reaction is studied. An assessment of the role of CaB12H12 during cycling and its counteractive effect upon (re)hydrogenation reaction is provided.
The reasonable effectiveness of mathematical deformation theory in physics
Creators: name: Sternheimer, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53D55, 81R50, 17B37, 53Z05, 81S10, 81V25, 83C57

description: This is a brief reminder, with extensions, from a different angle and for a less specialized audience, of my presentation at WGMP32 in July 2013, to which I refer for more details on the topics hinted at in the title, mainly deformation theory applied to quantization and symmetries (of elementary particles).
description: 8 pages
A social structure description of epidemics propagation with the mean field game paradigm
Creators: name: Bremaud, Louis
name: Ullmo, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the spread of infectious diseases through a Mean Field Game version of a SIR compartmental model with social structure, in which individuals are grouped by their age class and interact together in different settings. In our game theoretical approach, individuals can choose to limit their contacts if the epidemic is too virulent, but this effort comes with a social cost. We further compare the Nash equilibrium obtained in this way with the societal optimum that would be obtained if a benevolent central planner could decide of the strategy of each individual, as well as to the more realistic situation where an approximation of this optimum is reached through social policies such as lockdown.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Accessibility Metatesting: Comparing Nine Testing Tools
Creators: name: Pool, Jonathan Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.2; D.2.5

description: Automated web accessibility testing tools have been found complementary. The implication: To catch as many issues as possible, use multiple tools. Doing this efficiently entails integration costs. Is there a small set of tools that, together, make additional tools redundant? I approach this problem by comparing nine comprehensive accessibility testing tools that are amenable to integration: alfa, axe-core, Continuum, Equal Access, HTML CodeSniffer, Nu Html Checker, QualWeb, Tenon, and WAVE. I tested 121 web pages of interest to CVS Health with these tools. Each tool only fractionally duplicated any other tool. Each discovered numerous issue instances missed by all the others. Thus, testing with all nine tools was substantially more informative than testing with any subset.
description: 4 pages, 5 tables, 3 supplementary files
Fluctuating kinetic theory and fluctuating hydrodynamics of aligning active particles: the dilute limit
Creators: name: Feliachi, Ouassim
name: Besse, Marc
name: Nardini, Cesare
name: Barré, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kinetic and hydrodynamic theories are widely employed for describing the collective behaviour of active matter systems. At the fluctuating level, these have been obtained from explicit coarse-graining procedures in the limit where each particle interacts weakly with many others, so that the total forces and torques exerted on each of them is of order unity at all times. Such limit is however not relevant for dilute systems that mostly interact via alignment; there, collisions are rare and make the self-propulsion direction to change abruptly. We derive a fluctuating kinetic theory, and the corresponding fluctuating hydrodynamics, for aligning self-propelled particles in the limit of dilute systems. We discover that fluctuations at kinetic level are not Gaussian and depend on the interactions among particles, but that only their Gaussian part survives in the hydrodynamic limit. At variance with fluctuating hydrodynamics for weakly interacting particles, we find that the noise variance at hydrodynamic level depends on the interaction rules among particles and is proportional to the square of the density, reflecting the binary nature of the aligning process. The results of this paper, which are derived for polar self-propelled particles with polar alignment, could be straightforwardly extended to polar particles with nematic alignment or to fully nematic systems.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures
Infrared phases of 3D Class R theories
Creators: name: Choi, Sunjin
name: Gang, Dongmin
name: Kim, Hee-Cheol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the IR phases of 3D class R theories associated with closed non-hyperbolic 3-manifolds. Non-hyperbolic 3-manifolds can be obtained by performing Dehn fillings on 1-cusped hyperbolic 3-manifolds along exceptional slopes. In 3D-3D correspondence, the `exceptional' Dehn filling corresponds to the gauging of an $SU(2)$ flavor symmetry in a superconformal field theory associated with a 1-cusped 3-manifold with `small' Chern-Simons levels. With several explicit examples, we analyze various interesting non-perturbative IR phenomena (such as spontaneous SUSY breaking, generation of mass gap and supersymmetry enhancement) from the `exceptional' gaugings. Interestingly, distinguished features of the IR phases can be captured by simple topological properties of non-hyperbolic 3-manifolds. We also find that 3D class R theories associated with certain classes of atoroidal non-hyperbolic 3-manifolds always exhibit supersymmetry enhancement at low energy and actually flow to 3D rank-0 $\mathcal{N}=4$ SCFTs with trivial vacuum moduli space.
description: 71 pages, 7 figures
On a class of singular Hamiltonian Choquard-type elliptic systems with critical exponential growth
Creators: name: Deng, Shengbing
name: Yu, Junwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study the following Hamiltonian Choquard-type elliptic systems involving singular weights \begin{eqnarray*} \begin{aligned}\displaystyle \left\{ \arraycolsep=1.5pt \begin{array}{ll} -Δu + V(x)u = \Big(I_{μ_{1}}\ast \frac{G(v)}{|x|^α}\Big)\frac{g(v)}{|x|^α} \ \ \ & \mbox{in} \ \mathbb{R}^{2},\\[2mm] -Δv + V(x)v = \Big(I_{μ_{2}}\ast \frac{F(u)}{|x|^β}\Big)\frac{f(u)}{|x|^β} \ \ \ & \mbox{in} \ \mathbb{R}^{2}, \end{array} \right. \end{aligned} \end{eqnarray*} where $μ_{1},μ_{2}\in(0,2)$, $0<α\leq \frac{μ_{1}}{2}$, $0<β\leq \frac{μ_{2}}{2}$, $V(x)$ is a continuous positive potential, $I_{μ_{1}}$ and $I_{μ_{2}}$ denote the Riesz potential, $\ast$ indicates the convolution operator, $F(s),G(s)$ are the primitive of $f(s),g(s)$ with $f(s),g(s)$ have exponential growth in $\mathbb{R}^{2}$. Using the linking theorem and variational methods, we establish the existence of solutions to the above problem.
Advancing descriptor search in materials science: feature engineering and selection strategies
Creators: name: Hoock, Benedikt
name: Rigamonti, Santiago
name: Draxl, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A main goal of data-driven materials research is to find optimal low-dimensional descriptors, allowing us to predict a physical property, and to interpret them in a human-understandable way. In this work, we advance methods to identify descriptors out of a large pool of candidate features by means of compressed sensing. To this extent, we develop schemes for engineering appropriate candidate features that are based on simple basic properties of building blocks that constitute the materials and that are able to represent a multi-component system by scalar numbers. Cross-validation based feature-selection methods are developed for identifying the most relevant features, thereby focusing on high generalizability. We apply our approaches to an \textit{ab initio} dataset of ternary group-IV compounds to obtain a set of descriptors for predicting lattice constants and energies of mixing. In particular, we introduce simple complexity measures in terms of involved algebraic operations as well as the amount of utilized basic properties.
Axion Haloscope Using an 18 T High Temperature Superconducting Magnet
Creators: name: Yoon, Hojin
name: Ahn, Moohyun
name: Yang, Byeongsu
name: Lee, Youngjae
name: Kim, DongLak
name: Park, Heejun
name: Min, Byeonghun
name: Yoo, Jonghee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report details on the axion dark matter search experiment that uses the innovative technologies of a High-Temperature Superconducting (HTS) magnet and a Josephson Parametric Converter (JPC). An 18 T HTS solenoid magnet is developed for this experiment. The JPC is used as the first stage amplifier to achieve a near quantum-limited low-noise condition. The first dark matter axion search was performed with the 18 T axion haloscope. The scan frequency range is from 4.7789 GHz to 4.8094 GHz (30.5 MHz range). No significant signal consistent with Galactic dark matter axion is observed. Our results set the best limit of the axion-photon-photon coupling ($g_{aγγ}$) in the axion mass range of 19.764 to 19.890 $μ$eV. Using the Bayesian method, the upper bounds of $g_{aγγ}$ are set at 0.98$\times|g_{aγγ}^{\text{KSVZ}}|$ (1.11$\times|g_{aγγ}^{\text{KSVZ}}|$) in the mass ranges of 19.764 to 19.771 $μ$eV (19.863 to 19.890 $μ$eV), and at 1.76 $\times|g_{aγγ}^{\text{KSVZ}}|$ in the mass ranges of 19.772 to 19.863 $μ$eV with 90\% confidence level, respectively. We report design, construction, operation, and data analysis of the 18 T axion haloscope experiment.
description: PRD published version
Spontaneous suppression of inverse energy cascade in instability-driven 2D turbulence
Creators: name: van Kan, Adrian
name: Favier, Benjamin
name: Julien, Keith
name: Knobloch, Edgar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Instabilities of fluid flows often generate turbulence. Using extensive direct numerical simulations, we study two-dimensional turbulence driven by a wavenumber-localised instability superposed on stochastic forcing, in contrast to previous studies of state-independent forcing. As the contribution of the instability forcing, measured by a parameter $γ$, increases, the system undergoes two transitions. For $γ$ below a first threshold, a regular large-scale vortex condensate forms. Above this threshold, shielded vortices (SVs) emerge within the condensate. At a second, larger value of $γ$, the condensate breaks down, and a gas of weakly interacting vortices with broken symmetry spontaneously emerges, characterised by preponderance of vortices of one sign only and suppressed inverse energy cascade. The latter transition is shown to depend on the damping mechanism. The number density of SVs in the broken symmetry state slowly increases via a random nucleation process. Bistability is observed between the condensate and mixed SV-condensate states. Our findings provide new evidence for a strong dependence of two-dimensional turbulence phenomenology on the forcing.
The Gravito-Maxwell Equations of General Relativity in the local reference frame of a GR-noninertial observer
Creators: name: Schmid, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the acceleration-difference of neighboring free-falling particles (= geodesic deviation) measured in the local reference frame of a GR-noninertial observer is not given by the Riemann tensor. With the gravito-electric field of GR defined as the acceleration of free-falling quasistatic particles relative to the observer, the divergence of the gravito-electric field measured in the reference frame of a GR-noninertial observer is different from the Ricci curvature $R^0_{\,\,0}$. We derive our exact, explicit, and simple gravito-Gauss law for the divergence of the gravito-electric field in our new reference frame of a GR-noninertial observer with his LONB (Local Ortho-Normal Basis) and his LONB-connections in his time and 3-directions: the sources of the divergence of the gravito-electric field are contributed by all fields including the GR-gravitational fields, gravito-electric and gravito-magnetic. In the reference frame of a GR-inertial observer our gravito-Gauss law coincides with Einstein's $R^0_{\,\,0}$ equation, which does not have gravitational fields as sources. We derive the gravito-Ampere law, the gravito-Faraday law and the law for the divergence of the gravito-magnetic field. The densities of energy, momentum, and momentum-flow of GR-gravitational fields are local observables, but depend on observer with his local reference frame: these quantities are zero if measured by a GR-inertial observer. For a GR-noninertial observer the sources of gravitational energy, momentum, and momentum-flow densities have the opposite sign from the electromagnetic and matter sources. In the gravito-Gauss law the sources contributed by gravitational energy and momentum-flow densities have a repulsive effect on the gravitational acceleration-difference of particles.
description: 19 pages
Herding model and 1/f noise
Creators: name: Ruseckas, J.
name: Kaulakys, B.
name: Gontis, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide evidence that for some values of the parameters a simple agent based model, describing herding behavior, yields signals with 1/f power spectral density. We derive a non-linear stochastic differential equation for the ratio of number of agents and show, that it has the form proposed earlier for modeling of 1/f^beta noise with different exponents beta. The non-linear terms in the transition probabilities, quantifying the herding behavior, are crucial to the appearance of 1/f noise. Thus, the herding dynamics can be seen as a microscopic explanation of the proposed non-linear stochastic differential equations generating signals with 1/f^beta spectrum. We also consider the possible feedback of macroscopic state on microscopic transition probabilities strengthening the non-linearity of equations and providing more opportunities in the modeling of processes exhibiting power-law statistics.
The power of random measurements: measuring Tr(ρ^n) on single copies of ρ
Creators: name: van Enk, S. J.
name: Beenakker, C. W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While it is known that Tr(ρ^n) can be measured directly (i.e., without first reconstructing the density matrix) by performing joint measurements on n copies of the same state rho, it is shown here that random measurements on single copies suffice, too. Averaging over the random measurements directly yields estimates of Tr(ρ^n), even when it is not known what measurements were actually performed (so that one cannot reconstruct ρ).