cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cognitive and neuropsychiatric effects of noradrenergic treatment in Alzheimer's disease: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Creators: name: David, Michael CB
name: Del Giovane, Martina
name: Liu, Kathy Y
name: Gostick, Benjamin
name: Rowe, James
name: Oboh, Imafidon
name: Howard, Robert
name: Malhotra, Paresh A
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Neurodegeneration
1506
1612
Alzheimer's disease
apathy
cognition
dementia
psychiatry

description: BACKGROUND: Dysfunction of the locus coeruleus-noradrenergic system occurs early in Alzheimer's disease, contributing to cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms in some patients. This system offers a potential therapeutic target, although noradrenergic treatments are not currently used in clinical practice. OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of drugs with principally noradrenergic action in improving cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease. METHODS: The MEDLINE, Embase and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched from 1980 to December 2021. We generated pooled estimates using random effects meta-analyses. RESULTS: We included 19 randomised controlled trials (1811 patients), of which six were judged as 'good' quality, seven as 'fair' and six 'poor'. Meta-analysis of 10 of these studies (1300 patients) showed a significant small positive effect of noradrenergic drugs on global cognition, measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination or Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (standardised mean difference (SMD): 0.14, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.25, p=0.01; I2=0%). No significant effect was seen on measures of attention (SMD: 0.01, 95% CI: -0.17 to 0.19, p=0.91; I2=0). The apathy meta-analysis included eight trials (425 patients) and detected a large positive effect of noradrenergic drugs (SMD: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.73, p=0.002; I2=58%). This positive effect was still present following removal of outliers to account for heterogeneity across studies. DISCUSSION: Repurposing of established noradrenergic drugs is most likely to offer effective treatment in Alzheimer's disease for general cognition and apathy. However, several factors should be considered before designing future clinical trials. These include targeting of appropriate patient subgroups and understanding the dose effects of individual drugs and their interactions with other treatments to minimise risks and maximise therapeutic effects. PROSPERO REGISTERATION NUMBER: CRD42021277500.
Data Creativities, Creative Activism
Creators: name: COLEMAN, KATHRYN
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2020
Subjects: Art history, theory and criticism not elsewhere classified
Creative arts, media and communication curriculum and pedagogy
Other education not elsewhere classified

description: To make sense of data, and to cite data and its relationship to theory and method I draw. I draw the spaces between as I think. I draw the lines that navigate from site to site, thinking with and seeing through allows me to sense-make and make-sense. While wandering and wondering with data I create new spaces for the data. New opportunities to think about art as data, and data as art. To think about the practices and relationships of research to practice. Digital drawing, painting. Procreate, 3-4 October, 2020
Negative autoregulation controls size scaling in confined gene expression reactions
Creators: name: Maeda, Yusuke T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gene expression via transcription-translation is the most fundamental reaction to sustain biological systems, and complex reactions such as this one occur in a small compartment of living cells. There is increasing evidence that t physical effects, such as molecular crowding or excluded volume effects of transcriptional-translational machinery, affect the yield of reaction products. On the other hand, transcriptional feedback that controls gene expression during mRNA synthesis is also a vital mechanism that regulates protein synthesis in cells. However, the excluded volume effect of spatial constraints on feedback regulation is not well understood. Here, we study the confinement effect on transcriptional autoregulatory feedbacks of gene expression reactions using a theoretical model. The excluded volume effects between molecules and the membrane interface suppress the gene expression in a small cell-sized compartment. We find that negative feedback regulation at the transcription step mitigates this size-induced gene repression and alters the scaling relation of gene expression level on compartment volume, approaching the regular scaling relation without the steric effect. This recovery of regular size-scaling of gene expression does not appear in positive feedback regulation, suggesting that negative autoregulatory feedback is crucial for maintaining reaction products constant regardless of compartment size in heterogeneous cell populations.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Cymbella pamirensis Z. Zhang & Rioual 2017, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhongyan
name: Rioual, Patrick
name: Peng, Yumei
name: Yang, Xiaoping
name: Jin, Zhangdong
name: Ector, Luc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Cymbellales
Cymbellaceae
Cymbella
Cymbella pamirensis

description: Cymbella pamirensis Z.Zhang & Rioual, sp. nov. (Figs 2–34)
LM observations (Figs 2–28)
Valves strongly dorsiventral and triangular. Dorsal margin strongly arched. Ventral side nearly straight or slightly concave with slightly tumid center part. Ends variable from broadly round to weakly protracted. Valve dimensions (n=48): length 21 – 39 μm, width 7 – 10.5 μm, length/width ratio 2.6 – 4.3 (median 3.3), curvature value 0.038 – 0.083. Axial area linear, narrow, widening slightly at mid-valve on the dorsal side, almost in the middle of the valve. Central area generally lacking on the ventral side or very small (Figs 27, 28), but present dorsally where striae gradually shortened. Raphe branches lateral, becoming narrower near distal ends; terminal fissures curved dorsally. Striae moderately radiate in middle of valve. No isolated stigmata discernible under the LM.
description: Published as part of Zhang, Zhongyan, Rioual, Patrick, Peng, Yumei, Yang, Xiaoping, Jin, Zhangdong & Ector, Luc, 2017, Cymbella pamirensis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyceae) from an alpine lake in the Pamir Mountains, Northwestern China, pp. 249-258 in Phytotaxa 308 (2) on page 253, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.308.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/13701843
An Algorithm taking Kirby diagrams to Trisection diagrams
Creators: name: Kepplinger, Willi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present an algorithm taking a Kirby diagram of a closed oriented $4$-manifold to a trisection diagram of the same manifold. This algorithm provides us with a large number of examples for trisection diagrams of closed oriented $4$-manifolds since many Kirby-diagrammatic descriptions of closed oriented $4$-manifolds are known. That being said, the algorithm does not necessarily provide particularly efficient trisection diagrams. We also extend this algorithm to work for the non-orientable case.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures
Satellite mass functions and the faint end of the galaxy mass-halo mass relation in LCDM
Creators: name: Santos-Santos, Isabel M. E.
name: Sales, Laura V.
name: Fattahi, Azadeh
name: Navarro, Julio F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The abundance of the faintest galaxies provides insight into the nature of dark matter and the process of dwarf galaxy formation. In the LCDM scenario, low mass halos are so numerous that the efficiency of dwarf formation must decline sharply with decreasing halo mass in order to accommodate the relative scarcity of observed dwarfs and satellites in the Local Group. The nature of this decline contains important clues to the mechanisms regulating the onset of galaxy formation in the faintest systems. We explore here two possible models for the stellar mass ($M_*$)-halo mass ($M_{200}$) relation at the faint end, motivated by some of the latest LCDM cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. One model includes a sharp mass threshold below which no luminous galaxies form, as expected if galaxy formation proceeds only in systems above the Hydrogen-cooling limit. In the second model, $M_*$ scales as a steep power-law of $M_{200}$ with no explicit cutoff, as suggested by recent semianalytic work. Although both models predict satellite numbers around Milky Way-like galaxies consistent with current observations, they predict vastly different numbers of ultra-faint dwarfs and of satellites around isolated dwarf galaxies. Our results illustrate how the satellite mass function around dwarfs may be used to probe the $M_*$-$M_{200}$ relation at the faint end and to elucidate the mechanisms that determine which low-mass halos "light up" or remain dark in the LCDM scenario.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures. Accepted version for publication in MNRAS
TOI-712: a system of adolescent mini-Neptunes extending to the habitable zone
Creators: name: Vach, Sydney
name: Quinn, Samuel N.
name: Vanderburg, Andrew
name: Kane, Stephen R.
name: Collins, Karen A.
name: Kraus, Adam L.
name: Zhou, George
name: Medina, Amber A.
name: Schwarz, Richard P.
name: Collins, Kevin I.
name: Conti, Dennis M.
name: Stockdale, Chris
name: Massey, Bob
name: Suarez, Olga
name: Guillot, Tristan
name: Mekarnia, Djamel
name: Abe, Lyu
name: Dransfield, Georgina
name: Crouzet, Nicolas
name: Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.
name: Schmider, François-Xavier
name: Agabi, Abelkrim
name: Buttu, Marco
name: Furlan, Elise
name: Gnilka, Crystal L.
name: Howell, Steve B.
name: Ziegler, Carl
name: Briceño, César
name: Law, Nicholas
name: Mann, Andrew W.
name: Rudat, Alexander
name: Colon, Knicole D.
name: Rose, Mark E.
name: Kunimoto, Michelle
name: Günther, Maximilian N.
name: Charbonneau, David
name: Ciardi, David R.
name: Ricker, George R.
name: Vanderspek, Roland K.
name: Latham, David W.
name: Seager, Sara
name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Jenkins, Jon M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As an all-sky survey, NASA's $TESS$ mission is able to detect the brightest and rarest types of transiting planetary systems, including young planets that enable study of the evolutionary processes that occur within the first billion years. Here, we report the discovery of a young, multi-planet system orbiting the bright K4.5V star, TOI-712 ($V = 10.838$, $M_\star = 0.733_{-0.025}^{+0.026} M_\odot$, $R_\star = 0.674\pm0.016 R_\odot$, $T_{\rm eff} = 4622_{-60}^{+61}$ K). From the $TESS$ light curve, we measure a rotation period of 12.48 days, and derive an age between about $500$ Myr and 1.1 Gyr. The photometric observations reveal three transiting mini-Neptunes ($R_b = 2.049^{+0.12}_{-0.080} R_\oplus$, $R_c = 2.701^{+0.092}_{-0.082} R_\oplus$, $R_d = 2.474^{+0.090}_{-0.082} R_\oplus $), with orbital periods of $P_b = 9.531$ days, $P_c = 51.699$ days, and $P_d = 84.839$ days. After modeling the three-planet system, an additional Earth-sized candidate is identified, TOI-712.05 ($P = 4.32$ days, $R_P = 0.81 \pm 0.11 R_\oplus$). We calculate that the habitable zone falls between 0.339 and 0.844 au (82.7 and 325.3 days), placing TOI-712 d near its inner edge. Among planetary systems harboring temperate planets, TOI-712 ($T = 9.9$) stands out as a relatively young star bright enough to motivate further characterization.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables, submitted to AAS Journals
Paving the Way for Euclid and JWST via Optimal Selection of High-z Quasars
Creators: name: Nanni, Riccardo
name: Hennawi, Joseph F.
name: Wang, Feige
name: Yang, Jinyi
name: Schindler, Jan-Torge
name: Fan, Xiaohui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a probabilistic approach to select 675% and an efficiency of >15% for selecting quasars at 67 from the entire sky, we select 5/6 or a completeness of ~80%.The failure to select the majority of 6
description: 25 pages
Powerful flare phenomena in water vapor maser lines in the emerging protostellar system with protoplanetary disks IRAS 16293-2422
Creators: name: Volvach, A. E.
name: Volvach, L. N.
name: Larionov, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the long-term monitoring data of the water maser since 2019.0 to 2021.0 allowed us detecting in IRAS 16293-2422 two powerful phenomena lasted about year at radial velocities near 6 and 8 km s$^{-1}$. In both cases, powerful short flares were located on the tops of less powerful, but more prolonged ones (2.5 and 0.5 kJy), radiation of which initiated the emission of more powerful flares. For the first time, configurations of several emitting maser spots located at the line of sight to the observer were discovered experimentally. This made it possible to confirm the hypothesis of activation of the water maser, based on an increase in the amplification length of the maser due to several maser condensations located at the line of sight to the observer. The unsaturated state of the most powerful and shortest maser flares, as well as the saturated state of the weak, has been established. New important parameters of the water maser and the assumed location of the maser spots have been obtained.
description: 12 pages, 5 pdf figures, uses jcappub.sty
Cost-effectiveness of vitamin D3 supplementation in older adults with vitamin D deficiency in Ireland.
Creators: name: Lacey, Laurence Francis
name: Armstrong, David J
name: Royle, Emily
name: Magee, Pamela
name: Pourshahidi, L Kirsty
name: Ray, Sumantra
name: Strain, JJ
name: McSorley, Emeir
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Original research
1506
nutrient deficiencies
nutrition assessment
nutritional treatment

description: Background: This study investigated the cost-effectiveness of vitamin D3 supplementation in older adults in Ireland, with year-round vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration <30 nmol/L) (13% of Irish adults), from the perspective of the Health Service Executive. Methods: Three age groups were investigated: (1) ≥50 years, (2) ≥60 years and (3) ≥70 years. Based on the clinical literature, vitamin D3 supplementation may: (1) decrease all-cause mortality by 7% and (2) reduce hip fractures by 16% and non-hip fractures by 20%. A discount rate of 4% was applied to life years and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained, and healthcare costs. The annual healthcare costs per patient used in the model are based on the average annual health resource use over the 5-year time horizon of the model. Results: The cost/QALY estimates in all three age groups are below the usually acceptable cost-effectiveness threshold of €20 000/QALY. The most cost-effective and least costly intervention was in adults ≥70 years. For this age group, the average annual costs and outcomes would be approximately €5.6 million, 1044 QALYs gained, with a cost/QALY of approximately €5400. The results are most sensitive to the mortality risk reduction following vitamin D3 supplementation. Conclusion: The cost-effectiveness of vitamin D3 supplementation is most robust in adults ≥70 years. Clinical uncertainty in the magnitude of the benefits of vitamin D3 supplementation could be further addressed by means of: (1) performing a clinical research study or (2) conducting a pilot/regional study, prior to reaching a decision to invest in a nationwide programme.
Project Online Presence
Creators: name: Chiodelli, Luce
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Project management
Good practice
Horizon 2020 project

description: The 7.2 – Project Online Presence deliverable is to be read in relation with the deliverable 7.1 - First ULPEC dissemination and public engagement strategy paper, as the set up of a website belongs to the project’s dissemination and engagement strategy.

This document intends to describe the project’s online presence, in relation to the ambition and engagements listed in the dissemination activities and strategy for the ULPEC project.

This document reviews the tools designed for the project’s communication and visbility strategy.
Tutorial of generalised linear models with count data for the seminar of Modern Statistical Approaches for Biological Data (07/10/2020)
Creators: name: XIANG, RUIDONG
name: GODDARD, MICHAEL
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2020
Subjects: Statistical and quantitative genetics
Animal reproduction and breeding

description: This zip folder contains materials, including codes and test datasets, for tutorials of running generalised linear with count data models for the seminar of Modern Statistical Approaches for Biological Data (07/10/2020). Credit: Ruidong Xiang and Mike Goddard. Have a read at the README.docx in the zip file before you go ahead.
SNIa-Cosmology Analysis Results from Simulated LSST Images: from Difference Imaging to Constraints on Dark Energy
Creators: name: Sánchez, B.
name: Kessler, R.
name: Scolnic, D.
name: Armstrong, B.
name: Biswas, R.
name: Bogart, J.
name: Chiang, J.
name: Cohen-Tanugi, J.
name: Fouchez, D.
name: Gris, Ph.
name: Heitmann, K.
name: Hložek, R.
name: Jha, S.
name: Kelly, H.
name: Liu, S.
name: Narayan, G.
name: Racine, B.
name: Rykoff, E.
name: Sullivan, M.
name: Walter, C.
name: Wood-Vasey, M.
name: Collaboration, The LSST Dark Energy Science
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Vera Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) is expected to process ${\sim}10^6$ transient detections per night. For precision measurements of cosmological parameters and rates, it is critical to understand the detection efficiency, magnitude limits, artifact contamination levels, and biases in the selection and photometry. Here we rigorously test the LSST Difference Image Analysis (DIA) pipeline using simulated images from the Rubin Observatory LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration (DESC) Data Challenge (DC2) simulation for the Wide-Fast-Deep (WFD) survey area. DC2 is the first large-scale (300 deg$^2$) image simulation of a transient survey that includes realistic cadence, variable observing conditions, and CCD image artifacts. We analyze ${\sim}$15 deg$^2$ of DC2 over a 5-year time-span in which artificial point-sources from Type Ia Supernovae (SNIa) light curves have been overlaid onto the images. We measure the detection efficiency as a function of Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and find a $50\%$ efficiency at $\rm{SNR}=5.8$. The magnitude limits for each filter are: $u=23.66$, $g=24.69$, $r=24.06$, $i=23.45$, $z=22.54$, $y=21.62$ $\rm{mag}$. The artifact contamination is $\sim90\%$ of detections, corresponding to $\sim1000$ artifacts/deg$^2$ in $g$ band, and falling to 300 per deg$^2$ in $y$ band. The photometry has biases $<1\%$ for magnitudes $19.5 < m <23$. Our DIA performance on simulated images is similar to that of the Dark Energy Survey pipeline applied to real images. We also characterize DC2 image properties to produce catalog-level simulations needed for distance bias corrections. We find good agreement between DC2 data and simulations for distributions of SNR, redshift, and fitted light-curve properties. Applying a realistic SNIa-cosmology analysis for redshifts $z<1$, we recover the input cosmology parameters to within statistical uncertainties.
description: Submitting to Astronomy & Astrophysics
Stochastic Gradient Line Bayesian Optimization for Efficient Noise-Robust Optimization of Parameterized Quantum Circuits
Creators: name: Tamiya, Shiro
name: Yamasaki, Hayata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Optimizing parameterized quantum circuits is a key routine in using near-term quantum devices. However, the existing algorithms for such optimization require an excessive number of quantum-measurement shots for estimating expectation values of observables and repeating many iterations, whose cost has been a critical obstacle for practical use. We develop an efficient alternative optimization algorithm, stochastic gradient line Bayesian optimization (SGLBO), to address this problem. SGLBO reduces the measurement-shot cost by estimating an appropriate direction of updating circuit parameters based on stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and further utilizing Bayesian optimization (BO) to estimate the optimal step size for each iteration in SGD. In addition, we formulate an adaptive measurement-shot strategy and introduce a technique of suffix averaging to reduce the effect of statistical and hardware noise. Our numerical simulation demonstrates that the SGLBO augmented with these techniques can drastically reduce the measurement-shot cost, improve the accuracy, and make the optimization noise-robust.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Tutorial of generalised linear models with count data for the seminar of Modern Statistical Approaches for Biological Data (16/09/2020)
Creators: name: XIANG, RUIDONG
name: GODDARD, MICHAEL
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2020
Subjects: Statistical and quantitative genetics
Animal reproduction and breeding

description: This zip folder contains materials, including codes and test datasets, for tutorials of running generalised linear with count data models for the seminar of Modern Statistical Approaches for Biological Data (07/10/2020). Credit: Ruidong Xiang and Mike Goddard. Have a read at the README.docx in the zip file before you go ahead.
A statistical quasi-particles thermofield theory with Gaussian environments: System-bath entanglement theorem for nonequilibrium correlation functions
Creators: name: Wang, Yao
name: Chen, Zi-Hao
name: Xu, Rui-Xue
name: Zheng, Xiao
name: Yan, YiJing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For open quantum systems, the Gaussian environmental dissipative effect can be represented by statistical quasi-particles, namely, dissipatons. We exploit this fact to establish the dissipaton thermofield theory. The resulting generalized Langevin dynamics of absorptive and emissive thermofield operators are effectively noise-resolved. The system-bath entanglement theorem is then readily followed between an important class of nonequilibrium steady-state correlation functions. All these relations are validated numerically. A simple corollary is the transport current expression, which exactly recovers the result obtained from the nonequilibrium Green's function formalism.
description: 2 figures
Improving the low-energy transient sensitivity of AMEGO-X using single-site events
Creators: name: Martinez-Castellanos, I.
name: Fleischhack, H.
name: Karwin, C.
name: Negro, M.
name: Tak, D.
name: Lien, Amy
name: Kierans, C. A.
name: Wadiasingh, Zorawar
name: Fukazawa, Yasushi
name: Ajello, Marco
name: Baring, Matthew G.
name: Burns, E.
name: Caputo, R.
name: Hartmann, Dieter H.
name: Perkins, Jeremy S.
name: Racusin, Judith L.
name: Sheng, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AMEGO-X, the All-sky Medium Energy Gamma-Ray Observatory eXplorer, is a proposed instrument designed to bridge the so-called "MeV gap" by surveying the sky with unprecedented sensitivity from ~100 keV to about one GeV. This energy band is of key importance for multi-messenger and multi-wavelength studies but it is nevertheless currently under-explored. AMEGO-X addresses this situation by proposing a design capable of detecting and imaging gamma rays via both Compton interactions and pair production processes. However, some of the objects that AMEGO-X will study, such as gamma-ray bursts and magnetars, extend to energies below ~100 keV where the dominant interaction becomes photoelectric absorption. These events deposit their energy in a single pixel of the detector. In this work we show how the ~3500 cm^2 effective area of the AMEGO-X tracker to events between ~25 keV to ~100 keV will be utilized to significantly improve its sensitivity and expand the energy range for transient phenomena. Although imaging is not possible for single-site events, we show how we will localize a transient source in the sky using their aggregate signal to within a few degrees. This technique will more than double the number of cosmological gamma-ray bursts seen by AMEGO-X, allow us to detect and resolve the pulsating tails of extragalactic magnetar giant flares, and increase the number of detected less-energetic magnetar bursts -- some possibly associated with fast radio bursts. Overall, single-site events will increase the sensitive energy range, expand the science program, and promptly alert the community of fainter transient events.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. Version changes: Added some minor clarifications
CSSI Element Data: HDR: Enabling Data Interoperability for NSF Archives of High-rate Real-time GPS and Seismic Observations of Induced Earthquakes and Structural Damage Detection in Oklahoma
Creators: name: Haase, Jennifer S.
name: Soliman, Mohamed
name: Jaiswal, Priyank
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: To understand the impact that induced seismicity in Oklahoma is expected to have on the built
 environment, it is critical to develop realistic building response models for typical regional
 building stock. Traditionally, accelerometers are used to monitor buildings’ structural health
 during potentially damaging events like earthquakes. In this work, we describe an improvement
 on this typical system using a realtime instrument network which incorporates 3 types of
 instruments monitoring a single structure. Using this realtime network, we can rapidly estimate
 the damage state of the building following a potentially damaging event and can continually
 improve building response models.
 We have instrumented a 12-story building in Stillwater, Oklahoma, which is representative of
 aging reinforced concrete building infrastructure that can be vulnerable to frequent induced
 seismicity in the region. We have instrumented this building with 2 gyroscopes and 2
 accelerometers, on the ground and top floors, both streaming data in realtime, and a high-rate
 GNSS receiver with an antenna on the roof. The data from the gyroscopes and accelerometers
 are distributed via an Antelope seismic acquisition and database system where the datasets can
 be rapidly utilized following an earthquake.
 We use the dataset of ~ M3-4.5 earthquakes collected by the network to date to calibrate an
 existing nonlinear finite element model (FEM) of the building. This calibrated model is then used
 to train a neural network to model the expected building response and estimate the damage
 state of the building for a range of seismic event sizes and input ground motions. The realtime
 data streams then become the inputs to this neural network to model building response and
 estimate damage states with a short delay following a major shaking event. This neural network
 has the advantage of being computationally more efficient than running the complex non-linear
 FEM. This system is intended to demonstrate an important use case for multi-instrument
 realtime structural health monitoring data which can be generalized to other areas of high
 seismic hazard for buildings where the evaluation of building response and risk is required.
description: NSF Award Number: 1835372
Resonant mode of elastic scattering of protons at ultra-high energies
Creators: name: Nekrasov, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An interpretation is given for elastic proton scattering at ultra-high energies with impact-parameter amplitude exceeding the black disk limit. It is shown that this scattering mode can arise due to the contribution of an exceptional intermediate state that unites correlated partons of colliding protons at ultra-high energies into a single coherent system. The behavior of the real part of the amplitude in this mode is discussed.
description: 11 pages. The lower bound for the energy of the onset of the resonant scattering mode is specified
On the optical properties of Resonant Drag Instabilities: Variability of Asymptotic Giant Branch and R Coronae Borealis stars
Creators: name: Steinwandel, Ulrich P.
name: Kaurov, Alexander A.
name: Hopkins, Philip F.
name: Squire, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In dusty cool-star outflow or ejection events around AGB or RCB-like stars, dust is accelerated by radiation from the star and coupled to the gas via collisional drag forces. But it has recently been shown that such dust-gas mixtures are unstable to a super-class of instabilities called the resonant drag instabilities (RDIs), which promote dust clustering. We therefore consider idealized simulations of the RDIs operating on a spectrum of dust grain sizes subject to radiative acceleration (allowing for different grain optical properties), coupled to the gas with a realistic drag law, including or excluding the effects of magnetic fields and charged grains, and calculate for the first time how the RDIs could contribute to observed variability. We show that the RDIs naturally produce significant variations ($\sim 10-20\%$ $1σ$-level) in the extinction, corresponding to $\sim 0.1-1\,$mag level in the stellar types above, on timescales of order months to a year. The fluctuations are surprisingly robust to finite source-size effects as they are dominated by large-scale modes, which also means their spatial structure could be resolved in some nearby systems. We also quantify how this produces variations in the line-of-sight grain size-distribution. All of these variations are similar to those observed, suggesting that the RDIs may play a key role driving observed variability in dust extinction within dusty outflow/ejection events around cool stars. We further propose that the measured variations in grain sizes could directly be used to identify the presence of the RDIs in close by systems with observations.
description: submitted to MNRAS, 13 pages, 12 Figures, comments welcome!
Woodcuts for Amulets? Woodblock Printing on Single Sheets in Europe (15th and 16th Centuries)
Creators: name: Heiles, Marco
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: CSMC
subject: UWA
subject: RFK
subject: RFK03
subject: FNT
subject: textual amulets
subject: woodblock printing
subject: 15th century
subject: medieval studies
subject: German literature
subject: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q119190

description: Presentation held at the workshop "Woodblock Printing. A Cross-Cultural Approach", Hamburg, CSMC, 22.04.2024.

Abstract:

In his seminal monograph on textual amulets in medieval Latin Europe, Don C. Skemer suggests a continuity between handwritten and printed textual amulets (Binding Words. Textual Amulets in the Middle Ages, 2006, pp. 222-233). My paper challenges this thesis and attempts to analyse more closely the role that the introduction of woodcut printing in the fifteenth century had on the production and use of single-sheet media in general and textual amulets in particular. Following the work of Sabine Griese (Text-Bilder und ihre Kontexte, 2011, pp. 403-422), this analysis shows that many established elements of handwritten textual amulets were not adopted in print, that printed and handwritten textual amulets were obviously different, and that - in contrast to the Arabic tradition - no stable tradition of printed textual amulets developed. In my opinion, the reasons for the non-use of woodblock printing for textual amulets do not lie in its technical possibilities, but in the new dimension of publicity created by woodblock (and typographic) printing. The use and form of textual amulets were theologically controversial and could be seen as an expression of forbidden superstition and magic. Mass production of this type of written artefacts therefore seems to have been impossible, or at least only possible in a modified form.

 
description: The research for this presentation was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy – EXC 2176 'Understanding Written Artefacts: Material, Interaction and Transmission in Manuscript Cultures', project no. 390893796. The research was conducted within the scope of the Centre for the Study of Manuscript Cultures (CSMC) at Universität Hamburg.
Spontaneous Generated Convective Anticyclones in Low Latitude -- A Model for the Great Red Spot
Creators: name: Cai, Tao
name: Chan, Kwing L.
name: Chow, Kim-Chiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Great Red Spot at about latitude $22^{\circ}S$ of Jupiter has been observed for hundreds of years, yet the driving mechanism on the formation of this giant anticyclone still remains unclear. Two scenarios were proposed to explain its formation. One is a shallow model suggesting that it might be a weather feature formed through a merging process of small shallow storms generated by moist convection, while the other is a deep model suggesting that it might be a deeply rooted anticyclone powered by the internal heat of Jupiter. In this work, we present numerical simulations showing that the Great Red Spot could be naturally generated in a deep rotating turbulent flow and survive for a long time, when the convective Rossby number is smaller than a certain critical value. From this critical value, we predict that the Great Red Spot extends at least about 500 kilometers deep into the Jovian atmosphere. Our results demonstrate that the Great Red Spot is likely to be a feature deep-seated in the Jovian atmosphere.
description: accepted to ApJ
Arecibo observations of a burst storm from FRB 20121102A in 2016
Creators: name: Hewitt, D. M.
name: Snelders, M. P.
name: Hessels, J. W. T.
name: Nimmo, K.
name: Jahns, J. N.
name: Spitler, L. G.
name: Gourdji, K.
name: Hilmarsson, G. H.
name: Michilli, D.
name: Ould-Boukattine, O. S.
name: Scholz, P.
name: Seymour, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: FRB 20121102A is the first known fast radio burst (FRB) from which repeat bursts were detected, and one of the best-studied FRB sources in the literature. Here we report on the analysis of 478 bursts (333 previously unreported) from FRB 20121102A using the 305-m Arecibo telescope - detected during approximately 59 hours of observations between December 2015 and October 2016. The majority of bursts are from a burst storm around September 2016. This is the earliest available sample of a large number of FRB 20121102A bursts, and it thus provides an anchor point for long-term studies of the source's evolving properties. We observe that the bursts separate into two groups in the width-bandwidth-energy parameter space, which we refer to as the low-energy bursts (LEBs) and high-energy bursts (HEBs). The LEBs are typically longer duration and narrower bandwidth than the HEBs, reminiscent of the spectro-temporal differences observed between the bursts of repeating and non-repeating FRBs. We fit the cumulative burst rate-energy distribution with a broken power-law and find that it flattens out toward higher energies. The sample shows a diverse zoo of burst morphologies. Notably, burst emission seems to be more common at the top than the bottom of our 1150 - 1730 MHz observing band. We also observe that bursts from the same day appear to be more similar to each other than to those of other days, but this observation requires confirmation. The wait times and burst rates that we measure are consistent with previous studies. We discuss these results, primarily in the context of magnetar models.
description: 22 pages (including appendices), accepted for publication in MNRAS
Uniform upper bounds in computational commutative algebra
Creators: name: Liang, Yihui
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Algebra and number theory

description: Let S be a polynomial ring K[x1,...,xn] over a field K and let F be a non-negatively graded free module over S generated by m basis elements. In this thesis, we study four kinds of upper bounds: degree bounds for Gröbner bases of submodules of F, bounds for arithmetic degrees of S-ideals, regularity bounds for radicals of S-ideals, and Stillman bounds.
 Let M be a submodule of F generated by elements with degrees bounded above by D and dim(F/M)=r. We prove that if M is graded, the degree of the reduced Gröbner basis of M for any term order is bounded above by 2[1/2((Dm)^{n-r}m+D)]^{2^{r-1}}. If M is not graded, the bound is 2[1/2((Dm)^{(n-r)^2}m+D)]^{2^{r}}. This is a generalization of bounds for ideals in a polynomial ring due to Dubé (1990) and Mayr-Ritscher (2013).
 Our next results are concerned with a homogeneous ideal I in S generated by forms of degree at most d with dim(S/I)=r. In Chapter 4, we show how to derive from a result of Hoa (2008) an upper bound for the regularity of sqrt{I}, which denotes the radical of I. More specifically we show that reg(sqrt{I})<= d^{(n-1)2^{r-1}}. In Chapter 5, we show that the i-th arithmetic degree of I is bounded above by 2*d^{2^{n-i-1}}. This is done by proving upper bounds for arithmetic degrees of strongly stable ideals and ideals of Borel type.
 In the last chapter, we explain our progress in attempting to make Stillman bounds explicit. Ananyan and Hochster (2020) were the first to show the existence of Stillman bounds. Together with G. Caviglia, we observe that a possible way of making their results explicit is to find an effective bound for an invariant called D(k,d) and supplement it into their proof. Although we are able to obtain this bound D(k,d) and realize Stillman bounds via an algorithm, it turns out that the computational complexity of Ananyan and Hochster's inductive proof would make the bounds too large to be meaningful. We explain the bad behavior of these Stillman bounds by giving estimates up to degree 3.
Dissemination And Public Engagement Strategy
Creators: name: Chiodelli, Luce
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Project management
Good practice
Horizon 2020 projects

description: The 7.1 - First ULPEC dissemination and public engagement strategy paper deliverable is to be read in relation with the deliverable 8.2 - Project Management Guidelines.

This document intends to describe the plans for dissemination activities and strategy for the ULPEC project. It shall not only be considered as a deliverable but also as an internal document, which defines important aspects of the project’s communication and visbility strategy.

This first paper on dissemination and public engagement strategy aims to be used by the consortium as a roadmap summing up all the activities and resources, which were foreseen in ULPEC’s Description of Work and validated in plenary meeting by the kick-off in Bordeaux, on February, 14th 2017.

Dissemination and communication activities in ULPEC also relate to the implementation and exploitation of the ULPEC project. All activities described within this document are designed in compliance with the Horizon 2020 regulations and the Annex I of ULPEC’s Grant Agreement no. 732642.
Implications of NICER for neutron star matter: the QHC21 equation of state
Creators: name: Kojo, Toru
name: Baym, Gordon
name: Hatsuda, Tetsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent NICER measurement of the radius of the neutron star PSR J0740+6620, and the inferred small variation of radii from 1.4$M_\odot$ to 2.1$M_\odot$, reveal key features of the equation of state of neutron star matter. The pressure rises rapidly in the regime of baryon density $n \sim$ 2-4 times nuclear saturation density, $n_0$ -- the region where we expect hadronic matter to be undergoing transformation into quark matter -- and the pressure in the nuclear regime is greater than predicted by microscopic many-body variational calculations of nuclear matter. To incorporate these insights into the microscopic physics from the nuclear to the quark matter regimes, we construct an equation of state, QHC21, within the framework of quark-hadron crossover (QHC). We include nuclear matter results primarily based on the state-of-the-art chiral effective field theory, but also note results of using nuclear matter variational calculations based on empirical nuclear forces. We employ explicit nuclear degrees of freedom only up to $n \sim 1.5n_0$, in order to explore the possibility of further physical degrees of freedom than nucleonic here. The resulting QHC21, which has a peak in sound velocity in $\sim 2$-$4 n_0$, is stiffer than the earlier QHC19 below 2$n_0$, predicting larger radii in substantial agreement with the NICER data.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures; v2) 12 pages, 11 figures
Seeking Sinhala Sentiment: Predicting Facebook Reactions of Sinhala Posts
Creators: name: Jayawickrama, Vihanga
name: Weeraprameshwara, Gihan
name: de Silva, Nisansa
name: Wijeratne, Yudhanjaya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Facebook network allows its users to record their reactions to text via a typology of emotions. This network, taken at scale, is therefore a prime data set of annotated sentiment data. This paper uses millions of such reactions, derived from a decade worth of Facebook post data centred around a Sri Lankan context, to model an eye of the beholder approach to sentiment detection for online Sinhala textual content. Three different sentiment analysis models are built, taking into account a limited subset of reactions, all reactions, and another that derives a positive/negative star rating value. The efficacy of these models in capturing the reactions of the observers are then computed and discussed. The analysis reveals that binary classification of reactions, for Sinhala content, is significantly more accurate than the other approaches. Furthermore, the inclusion of the like reaction hinders the capability of accurately predicting other reactions.
The X-ray and Radio Loud Fast Blue Optical Transient AT2020mrf: Implications for an Emerging Class of Engine-Driven Massive Star Explosions
Creators: name: Yao, Yuhan
name: Ho, Anna Y. Q.
name: Medvedev, Pavel
name: J., Nayana A.
name: Perley, Daniel A.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Chandra, Poonam
name: Sazonov, Sergey
name: Gilfanov, Marat
name: Khorunzhev, Georgii
name: Khatami, David K.
name: Sunyaev, Rashid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present AT2020mrf (SRGe J154754.2$+$443907), an extra-galactic ($z=0.1353$) fast blue optical transient (FBOT) with a rise time of $t_{g,\rm rise}=3.7$ days and a peak luminosity of $M_{g,\rm peak}=-20.0$. Its optical spectrum around peak shows a broad ($v\sim0.1c$) emission feature on a blue continuum ($T\sim2\times10^4$ K), which bears a striking resemblance to AT2018cow. Its bright radio emission ($νL_ν= 1.2\times 10^{39}\,{\rm erg\,s^{-1}}$; $ν_{\rm rest}= 7.4$ GHz; 261 days) is similar to four other AT2018cow-like events, and can be explained by synchrotron radiation from the interaction between a sub-relativistic ($\gtrsim0.07$-$0.08c$) forward shock and a dense environment ($\dot M \lesssim 10^{-3}\,M_\odot \,{\rm yr^{-1}}$ for $v_{\rm w}=10^3\,{\rm km\,s^{-1}}$). AT2020mrf occurs in a galaxy with $M_\ast \sim 10^8\,M_\odot$ and specific star formation rate $\sim 10^{-10}\, {\rm yr^{-1}}$, supporting the idea that AT2018cow-like events are preferentially hosted by dwarf galaxies. The X-ray luminosity of AT2020mrf is the highest among FBOTs. At 35-37 days, SRG/eROSITA detected luminous ($L_{\rm X}\sim 2\times 10^{43}\,{\rm erg\,s^{-1}}$; 0.3-10 keV) X-ray emission. The X-ray spectral shape ($f_ν\propto ν^{-0.8}$) and erratic intraday variability are reminiscent of AT2018cow, but the luminosity is a factor of $\sim20$ greater than AT2018cow. At 328 days, Chandra detected it at $L_{\rm X}\sim10^{42}\,{\rm erg\,s^{-1}}$, which is $>200$ times more luminous than AT2018cow and CSS161010. At the same time, the X-ray emission remains variable on the timescale of $\sim1$ day. We show that a central engine, probably a millisecond magnetar or an accreting black hole, is required to power the explosion. We predict the rates at which events like AT2018cow and AT2020mrf will be detected by SRG and Einstein Probe.
description: 26 pages, 18 figures, submitted to ApJ
Synergy between climate and human land-use maintained open vegetation in southwest Madagascar over the last millennium
Creators: name: RAZANATSOA, Estelle
name: Gillson, Lindsey
name: Virah-Sawmy, Malika
name: Woodborne, Stephan
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: fire history
subject: herbivory activities
subject: Late-Holocene
subject: Madagascar
subject: rainfall variability
subject: vegetation dynamics
subject: 551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: Madagascar experienced environmental change during the Late-Holocene, and the relative importance of climatic and anthropogenic drivers is still the subject of an ongoing debate. Using palaeoecological records from the southwest region at Lake Longiza, we provide additional records to elucidate the complex history of the island and to identify the changes that occurred in the tropical dry forest during the Late-Holocene. The data showed vegetation changes associated with climate variability until AD 900 as reflected by the variation in grass, dry-adapted taxa, deciduous trees, and isotope records. An increasing effect of human activities was recorded, indicated by increased coprophilous spore concentration, as a result of a shift from foraging to pastoralism leading to further opening of the ecosystem from AD 980. At the same time, the regional palaeoclimate record showed drier conditions from around AD 1000, which could have accentuated the changes in vegetation structure. More open vegetation was likely maintained by increased use of fire and herbivory around the area, as indicated by the multiple peaks in the charcoal and spore records. Since AD 1900, the pollen record from the southwest region showed that the ecosystem became increasingly open with an increased abundance of grass, pioneer taxa, and reduced diversity, which was linked to a simultaneous effect of climate and agropastoralism activities. Our study suggests that the dry conditions around AD 950 initiated the replacement of forest-dominant vegetation with grass-dominant communities over the last millennium, depicted as an open ecosystem at present. Subsequent changes in subsistence activities would have further maintained an open-structured ecosystem.