cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
การฝึกอบรมทักษะด้านมิติสัมพันธ์แบบสามมิติบนเทคโนโลยีเมตาเวิร์ส
Creators: name: ภาวพรรณ ขําทับ
Publisher: name: ศูนย์นวัตกรรมทางการศึกษา สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์ และสื่อออนไลน์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย
Year: 2565
Subjects: การฝึกอบรมทักษะ
มิติสัมพันธ์แบบสามมิติ
เทคโนโลยีเมตา

description: วารสารครุศาสตร์, 50, 4, EDUCU5004003 (14 pages)
CR regular embeddings and immersions of compact orientable 4-manifolds into C3
Creators: name: Slapar, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that a compact orientable 4-manifold M has a CR regular immersion into C3 if and only if both its first Pontryagin class and its Euler characteristic vanish, and has a CR regular embedding into C3 if and only if in addition the second Stiefel-Whitney class of M vanishes.
description: Minor corrections and additions
Qubit Reduction and Quantum Speedup for Wireless Channel Assignment Problem
Creators: name: Sano, Yuki
name: Norimoto, Masaya
name: Ishikawa, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we propose a novel method of formulating an NP-hard wireless channel assignment problem as a higher-order unconstrained binary optimization (HUBO), where the Grover adaptive search (GAS) is used to provide a quadratic speedup for solving the problem. The conventional method relies on a one-hot encoding of the channel indices, resulting in a quadratic formulation. By contrast, we conceive ascending and descending binary encodings of the channel indices, construct a specific quantum circuit, and derive the exact numbers of qubits and gates required by GAS. Our analysis clarifies that the proposed HUBO formulation significantly reduces the number of qubits and the query complexity compared with the conventional quadratic formulation. This advantage is achieved at the cost of an increased number of quantum gates, which we demonstrate can be reduced by our proposed descending binary encoding.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Charmed-strange mesons revisited: mass spectra and strong decays
Creators: name: Song, Qin-Tao
name: Chen, Dian-Yong
name: Liu, Xiang
name: Matsuki, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by the present experimental status of charmed-strange mesons, we perform a systematic study of the charmed-strange meson family, in which we calculate the mass spectra of the charmed-strange meson family by taking a screening effect into account in the Godfrey-Isgur model and investigate the corresponding strong decays via the quark pair creation model. These phenomenological analyses of charmed-strange mesons not only shed light on the features of the observed charmed-strange states, but also provide important information on future experimental search for the missing higher radial and orbital excitations in the charmed-strange meson family, which will be valuable task in LHCb, forthcoming BelleII and PANDA.
description: 16 pages, 7 tables and 7 figures. Accepted by PRD
Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci With Censored Observations
Creators: name: Diao, G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: The existing statistical methods for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) assume that the phenotype follows a normal distribution and is fully observed. These assumptions may not be satisfied when the phenotype pertains to the survival time or failure time, which has a skewed distribution and is usually subject to censoring due to random loss of follow-up or limited duration of the experiment. In this article, we propose an interval-mapping approach for censored failure time phenotypes. We formulate the effects of QTL on the failure time through parametric proportional hazards models and develop efficient likelihood-based inference procedures. In addition, we show how to assess genome-wide statistical significance. The performance of the proposed methods is evaluated through extensive simulation studies. An application to a mouse cross is provided.
A combinatorial view on derivations in bimodules
Creators: name: Arutyunov, Andronick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16D20, 16B99

description: This paper is devoted to derivations in bimodules over group rings using previously proposed methods which are related to character spaces over groupoids. The theorem describing the arising spaces of derivations is proved. We consider some examples, in particular the case of $(σ, τ)$-derivations.
description: 7 pages
นวัตกรรมชุดการสอนเพื่อส่งเสริมการพูดภาษาไทย สำหรับนักศึกษากลุ่มชาติพันธุ์
Creators: name: พงศกร สมมิตร
Publisher: name: ศูนย์นวัตกรรมทางการศึกษา สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์ และสื่อออนไลน์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย
Year: 2565
Subjects: นักศึกษากลุ่มชาติพันธุ์
ชุดการสอน
ความสามารถในการพูดภาษาไทย

description: วารสารครุศาสตร์, 50, 4, EDUCU5004004 (14 pages)
MatPortal.org: The Ontology Repository for Materials Science
Creators: name: Valdestilhas, Andre
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: ontology
standard
data management
global workshop
ontology commons ecosystem
FAIR

description: The poster describes the design and development of Matportal.org, an ontology repository for the Material Sciences domain. The Matportal.org project re-uses the biomedical domain’s semantic tools and insights to serve the community of Material Sciences and Engineering. Matportal.org offers a portal that features ontology hosting, search, versioning, visualization, comment, and recommendation; enables semantic annotation; stores and exploits ontology alignments, and interoperation with the semantic web. The poster shows the platform’s content, and features, including the additions to the original technology and preliminary outputs of six driving Material Sciences use cases that participated in the design and orientation of the project to anchor it in the community. Building on the experience and existing technology Matportal.org aims to provide the first ontology repository for the Material Sciences and Engineering domain.
Charge transport in amorphous Hf$_{0.5}$Zr$_{0.5}$O$_2$
Creators: name: Islamov, D. R.
name: Perevalov, T. V.
name: Gritsenko, V. A.
name: Cheng, C. H.
name: Chin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we demonstrated experimentally and theoretically that the charge transport mechanism in amorphous Hf$_{0.5}$Zr$_{0.5}$O$_2$ is phonon-assisted tunneling between traps like in HfO$_2$ and ZrO$_2$. The thermal trap energy of 1.25 eV and optical trap energy of 2.5 eV in Hf$_{0.5}$Zr$_{0.5}$O$_2$ were determined based on comparison of experimental data on transport with different theories of charge transfer in dielectrics. A hypothesis that oxygen vacancies are responsible for the charge transport in Hf$_{0.5}$Zr$_{0.5}$O$_2$ was discussed.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Mutational Analysis of the Drosophila DNA Repair and Recombination Gene mei-9
Creators: name: Yildiz, O.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Drosophila mei-9 is essential for several DNA repair and recombination pathways, including nucleotide excision repair (NER), interstrand crosslink repair, and meiotic recombination. To better understand the role of MEI-9 in these processes, we characterized 10 unique mutant alleles of mei-9. These include a P-element insertion that disrupts repair functions but not the meiotic function; three nonsense mutations, one of which has nearly wild-type levels of protein; three missense mutations, one of which disrupts the meiotic function but not repair functions; two small in-frame deletions; and one frameshift.
Comparison of high- and low-calibre ice skaters stride time and stride length on a synthetic ice surface
Creators: Khandan, Aminreza
Fathian, Ramin
Carey, Jason P.
Rouhani, Hossein
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Conference abstract. Part of the Proceedings of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering International Congress 2022.
Phenotypic Variation Resulting From a Deficiency of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Mice Is Caused by Extensive Genetic Heterogeneity That Can Be Genetically and Molecularly Partitioned
Creators: name: Strunk, K. E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: The timing of lethality caused by homozygosity for a null allele of the epidermal growth factor receptor (Egfrtm1Mag) in mice is strongly dependent on genetic background. Initial attempts to genetically map background modifiers using Swiss-derived, outbred CD-1 mice were unsuccessful. To investigate the genetic architecture contributing to survival of Egfrtm1Mag homozygous embryos, the genetic variability segregating within the outbred population was partitioned by surveying viability of Egfrtm1Mag mutants using intercrosses between 129S6/SvEvTAC-Egfrtm1Mag and nine Swiss-derived, inbred strains: ALR/LtJ, ALS/LtJ, APN, APS, ICR/HaRos, NOD/LtJ, NON/LtJ, SJL/J, and SWR/J. The observations showed that these strains support varying levels of survival of Egfrtm1Mag homozygous embryos, suggesting that genetic heterogeneity within the CD-1 stock contributed to the original lack of Egfrtm1Mag modifier detection. Similar to the Swiss-derived intercrosses, nine congenic strains, derived from 129S6/SvEvTAC, AKR/J, APN, BALB/cJ, BTBR-T+ tf/tf, C3H/HeJ, C57BL/6J, DBA/2J, and FVB/NJ inbred backgrounds, also supported varying levels of survival of Egfrtm1Mag mutants. By intercrossing the congenic lines to create hybrid F1 embryos, different genetic backgrounds were found to have complementary modifiers. Analysis of the congenic lines argues against heterosis of outbred backgrounds contributing to Egfrtm1Mag phenotypic variability. A detailed analysis of the crosses suggests that modifiers function at three distinct stages of development. One class of modifiers supports survival of Egfrtm1Mag homozygous embryos to mid-gestation, another class supports development through the mid-gestation transition from yolk-sac to placental-derived nutrient sources, and a third class supports survival through later stages of gestation. Data from microarray analysis using RNA from wild-type and Egfrtm1Mag mutant placentas support the existence of extensive genetic heterogeneity and suggest that it can be molecularly partitioned. This method should be generally useful to partition heterogeneity contributing to other complex traits.
Improving accessibility for people with dementia: web content and research
Creators: name: Allen, Ruby
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 120399 Design Practice and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: The Internet can provide a means of communication, searching for information, support groups and entertainment, amongst other services, and as a technology, can help to promote independence for people with dementia. However, the effectiveness of this technology relies on the users’ ability to use it. Web content, websites and online services need to be designed to meet the abilities and needs of people with dementia, and thus the difficulties that these users encounter must be explored and understood.The primary aim of this thesis is to investigate web content accessibility for People with Dementia and develop recommendations for improving current guidelines based on accessibility needs. The secondary aim is to support people with dementia having a voice within research through development of accessible ethical processes.Qualitative data were collected with a scoping study using questionnaires about everyday technology use (people with dementia and older adults without dementia); and in-depth interviews to explore difficulties and web accessibility issues. A document analysis was conducted on Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (ISO/IEC40500:2012) for inclusion of the needs of people with dementia followed by review of Web Usability Guidance (ISO9241-151:2008) to consider how gaps relating to the unmet accessibility needs for people with dementia could be met. The scoping study found that both people with dementia and older adults without dementia use everyday ICT to access the Web. Both groups described difficulties with web interface interactions, which refined the research scope to web content accessibility. The interview data with people with dementia (n=16) and older adults without dementia (n=9) were analysed using Grounded Theory techniques. It was found that both user groups experienced the same types of difficulties using the Web, but that dementia symptoms could exacerbate the difficulties from usability issues (older adults without dementia) into accessibility issues for people with dementia. Navigation was a key issue for both groups, with a range of web content design elements contributing to accessibility issues with navigation for people with dementia. The document analysis found that the accessibility guidance did not address all the accessibility issues encountered by people with dementia. However, the usability guidance did address many of the accessibility issues for web content navigation experienced by people with dementia. The research provides recommendations for improvements to web content accessibility guidelines including content from usability guidelines, and amendments to current guidelines and success criteria. A new ethical recruitment/consent process was developed and tested as part of the research process and is recommended for use in future research to support engagement of people with dementia.
title: The Effects of Dominant Species Removal on Subtidal Community Development
Creators: name: Barker Jr., H. Russell
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1983

description: Acrylic panels were used to follow the development of the fouling community at Channel Points, Lynnhaven Bay, Virginia, from April through October 1979. The roles of Membranipora tenuis, an encrusting ectoproct, and Molgula manhattensis, a solitary tunicate, were studied by removing each species from the developing community on a weekly basis.

Early colonization was dominated by Membranipora followed by Corophium spp. (Amphipoda), Polydora ligni (Polychaeta), and Balanus eberneus (Arthropoda). Molgula colonized the panels later in the study and became a dominant occupier of primary space by the end of the study.

The removal of Membranipora and Molgula had no real significant effects on the development of this community. Because of yearly variation in the recruitment of Membranipora and Molgula, these two species were not as abundant or dominant as they were in 1977 and 1978 (Otsuka and Dauer 1982). Slow recruitment by Molgula until the latter stages of the study and decreased Membranipora recruitment after the initial observations probably reduced their importance to community development. Ineffectual removal of these two species also reduced the effect of these treatments.
A Novel Forward Genetic Screen for Identifying Mutations Affecting Larval Neuronal Dendrite Development in Drosophila melanogaster
Creators: name: Medina, P. M. B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Vertebrate and invertebrate dendrites are information-processing compartments that can be found on both central and peripheral neurons. Elucidating the molecular underpinnings of information processing in the nervous system ultimately requires an understanding of the genetic pathways that regulate dendrite formation and maintenance. Despite the importance of dendrite development, few forward genetic approaches have been used to analyze the latest stages of dendrite development, including the formation of F-actin-rich dendritic filopodia or dendritic spines. We developed a forward genetic screen utilizing transgenic Drosophila second instar larvae expressing an actin, green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein (actin∷GFP) in subsets of sensory neurons. Utilizing this fluorescent transgenic reporter, we conducted a forward genetic screen of >4000 mutagenized chromosomes bearing lethal mutations that affected multiple aspects of larval dendrite development. We isolated 13 mutations on the X and second chromosomes composing 11 complementation groups affecting dendrite outgrowth/branching, dendritic filopodia formation, or actin∷GFP localization within dendrites in vivo. In a fortuitous observation, we observed that the structure of dendritic arborization (da) neuron dendritic filopodia changes in response to a changing environment.
Very high energy emission as a probe of relativistic magnetic reconnection in pulsar winds
Creators: name: Mochol, Iwona
name: Petri, Jerome
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The population of gamma-ray pulsars, including Crab observed in the TeV range, and Vela detected above 50 GeV, challenges existing models of pulsed high-energy emission. Such models should be universally applicable, yet they should account for spectral differences among the pulsars. We show that the gamma-ray emission of Crab and Vela can be explained by synchrotron radiation from the current sheet of a striped wind, expanding with a modest Lorentz factor $Γ\lesssim100$ in the Crab case, and $Γ\lesssim50$ in the Vela case. In the Crab spectrum a new synchrotron self-Compton component is expected to be detected by the upcoming experiment CTA. We suggest that the gamma-ray spectrum directly probes the physics of relativistic magnetic reconnection in the striped wind. In the most energetic pulsars, like Crab, with $\dot{E}_{38}^{3/2}/P_{-2}\gtrsim0.002$ (where $\dot{E}$ is the spin down power, $P$ is the pulsar period, and $X=X_i\times10^i$ in CGS units), reconnection proceeds in the radiative cooling regime and results in a soft power-law distribution of cooling particles; in less powerful pulsars, like Vela, particle energization is limited by the current sheet size, and a hard particle spectrum reflects the acceleration mechanism. A strict lower limit on the number density of radiating particles corresponds to emission close to the light cylinder, and, in units of the GJ density, it is $\gtrsim0.5$ in the Crab wind, and $\gtrsim0.05$ in the Vela wind.
description: published version; corrected typo, added reference
Drosophila ERCC1 Is Required for a Subset of MEI-9-Dependent Meiotic Crossovers
Creators: name: Radford, S. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Drosophila MEI-9 is the catalytic subunit of a DNA structure-specific endonuclease required for nucleotide excision repair (NER). The enzymatic activity of this endonuclease during NER requires the presence of a second, noncatalytic subunit called ERCC1. In addition to its role in NER, MEI-9 is required for the generation of most meiotic crossovers. To better understand the role of MEI-9 in crossover formation, we report here the characterization of the Drosophila Ercc1 gene. We created an Ercc1 mutant through homologous gene targeting. We find that Ercc1 mutants are identical to mei-9 mutants in sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents, but have a less severe reduction in the number of meiotic crossovers. MEI-9 protein levels are reduced in Ercc1 mutants; however, overexpression of MEI-9 is not sufficient to restore meiotic crossing over in Ercc1 mutants. We conclude that MEI-9 can generate some meiotic crossovers in an ERCC1-independent manner.
title: Fungal biomass distribution in witches' broom disease of cocoa.
Creators: name: Penman, Danny
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: The basidiomycete fungus Crinipellis perniciosa (Stahel) Singer is the causative agent of witches' broom disease of cocoa (Theobroma cacao). Witches' broom disease is endemic to large areas of the Americas and is a major constraining factor on cocoa production in such areas. The disease cycle includes a primary monokaryotic biotrophic phase and a secondary dikaryotic saprotrophic phase. In order to study the early stages of infection the possibility of quantifying the relative concentrations of the primary and secondary phases using changes in the ratio of mannan to chitin was investigated. Both chitin and mannan are fungal cell wall polymers. Separate gas chromatographic based mannan and chitin assays were developed. The new chitin estimation procedure was significantly more sensitive than the commonly used colorimetric based methods and was also selective for chitin rather than a range of similar components. The new method required only about 2oo ug of material whilst the previous and colorimetric based procedures required approximately 25 mg. Thus, the new procedure was sufficiently sensitive to detect extremely low levels of infection in clearly defined plant regions, such as meristems. The mannan assay was not significantly more sensitive than the previous assays, but produced cleaner samples, and thus interpretation of results was simplified and mass spectrometer maintenance reduced. To capitalise on the new chitin and mannan assays, the work was extended to encompass neutral and amino sugars. No useful biomarkers or ratios between components were discovered. Ratios between sugars may have been capable of apportioning the relative concentration of primary and secondary phase C. perniciosa in infected cocoa. All extractable lipids were also evaluated as potential biomarkers, and the lipid profiles assessed for potentially useful ratios. No useful lipid ratios were discovered, but ergosterol was found to be a useful biomarker. The newly developed chitin assay was used to study C. perniciosa infection in green and brown brooms. The assay was also used to investigate the distribution of C. perniciosa in sections taken throughout the length of an entire broom. The results indicated C. perniciosa was highly localised at the broom base and at the growing points. The use of random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction as a guide to pathogenicity was also evaluated. The method was adapted for use with C. perniciosa at the Institut Fur Genbiologische Forschung, Berlin. The method indicated the presence of fungal plasmids in the primary phase of C. perniciosa but not in the secondary.
Improving Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping Resolution in Experimental Crosses by the Use of Genotypically Selected Samples
Creators: name: Xu, Z.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: One of the key factors contributing to the success of a quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping experiment is the precision with which QTL positions can be estimated. We show, using simulations, that QTL mapping precision for an experimental cross can be increased by the use of a genotypically selected sample of individuals rather than an unselected sample of the same size. Selection is performed using a previously described method that optimizes the complementarity of the crossover sites within the sample. Although the increase in precision is accompanied by a decrease in QTL detection power at markers distant from QTL, only a modest increase in marker density is needed to obtain equivalent power over the whole map. Selected samples also show a slight reduction in the number of false-positive QTL. We find that two features of selected samples independently contribute to these effects: an increase in the number of crossover sites and increased evenness in crossover spacing. We provide an empirical formula for crossover enrichment in selected samples that is useful in experimental design and data analysis. For QTL studies in which the phenotyping is more of a limiting factor than the generation of individuals and the scoring of genotypes, selective sampling is an attractive strategy for increasing genome-wide QTL map resolution.
Susceptibility of different UK wheat varieties to Fusarium spp. and their associated mycotoxin accumulation
Creators: name: Lawson, Rita
name: Verheecke-Vassen, C
name: Hall, A
name: Garcia-Cela, E
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Deoxynivalenol
Zearalenone
Fungi
Food Safety

description: In the United Kingdom, wheat breeding evaluates visible symptoms of Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) but overlooks mycotoxin content. However, mycotoxins can accumulate in both symptomatic and asymptomatic grains. To prevent food losses and comply with regulations, it is essential to consider mycotoxin concentration in grains when assessing varietal susceptibility to mycotoxin production during breeding. This approach ensures a more comprehensive evaluation and helps mitigate the impact of Fusarium on the wheat production chain—isolation and identification of the range of fungi found on wheat and their potential mycotoxin accumulation. The research was conducted on five 2021 harvested wheat varieties (V, K, T, F and E) from KWS Ltd breeding company in Thriplow, Cambridge, UK. To isolate fungi from grains, fifteen kernels from each variety were placed onto Potato Dextrose Agar PDA with antibiotic (chloramphenicol 0.2%) supplement. Plates were incubated at 25°C and observed for seven days. Subsequently, colonies were purified, and their characteristics were observed morphologically and under the microscope. Using all five varieties from the 2021 harvest, a mycotoxin extraction was conducted using the Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometric method. The use of PDA with antibiotic supplement inhibited bacteria and slowed Fusarium growth, aiding observation of coexisting fungal species in grains. Ulocladium, F. graminearum, and sterile mycelia were identified in wheat varieties, with E variety showing the highest infection of. F. graminearum. Mycotoxin extraction revealed variable levels of deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, nivalenol, and Fumonisim B1 in all five varieties. Despite being rated moderately resistant to FHB on the recommended list, E variety registered a high level of Zearalenone in mycotoxin analysis. Fungal and mycotoxin assessments will be performed on wheat harvested in 2022 and 2023 to compare results reliability. In addition, FHB symptoms in wheat will be assessed to decipher the potential correlation with final mycotoxin contamination in the kernels.
เทคนิคการสอนเพื่อการออกแบบกิจกรรมการเรียนรู้ฟิสิกส์ภายใต้สถานการณ์การแพร่ระบาดของเชื้อ COVID-19 : การวิเคราะห์แผนการจัดการเรียนรู้ของนิสิตครูก่อนประจำการ
Creators: name: อัศวนนทปกรณ์ ธเนศวีรภัทร
Publisher: name: ศูนย์นวัตกรรมทางการศึกษา สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์ และสื่อออนไลน์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย
Year: 2565
Subjects: เทคนิคการสอนฟิสิกส์
มโนทัศน์ฟิสิกส์
ทักษะกระบวนการทางวิทยาศาสตร์
สมรรถนะสำคัญห้าประการ
นิสิตครูก่อนประจำการ

description: วารสารครุศาสตร์, 50, 4, EDUCU5004005 (13 pages)
Understanding work-related travel and its relation to malaria occurrence in Thailand using geospatial maximum entropy modelling
Creators: name: Memarsadeghi, Natalie
name: Stewart, Kathleen
name: Li, Yao
name: Sornsakrin, Siriporn
name: Uthaimongkol, Nichaphat
name: Kuntawunginn, Worachet
name: Pidtana, Kingkan
name: Raseebut, Chatree
name: Wojnarski, Mariusz
name: Jongsakul, Krisada
name: Jearakul, Danai
name: Waters, Norman
name: Spring, Michele
name: Takala-Harrison, Shannon
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2023

description: Estimating malaria risk associated with work locations and travel across a region provides local health officials with information useful to mitigate possible transmission paths of malaria as well as understand the risk of exposure for local populations. This study investigates malaria exposure risk by analysing the spatial pattern of malaria cases (primarily Plasmodium vivax) in Ubon Ratchathani and Sisaket provinces of Thailand, using an ecological niche model and machine learning to estimate the species distribution of P. vivax malaria and compare the resulting niche areas with occupation type, work locations, and work-related travel routes. A maximum entropy model was trained to estimate the distribution of P. vivax malaria for a period between January 2019 and April 2020, capturing estimated malaria occurrence for these provinces. A random simulation workflow was developed to make region-based case data usable for the machine learning approach. This workflow was used to generate a probability surface for the ecological niche regions. The resulting niche regions were analysed by occupation type, home and work locations, and work-related travel routes to determine the relationship between these variables and malaria occurrence. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to understand the relationship between predicted malaria occurrence and occupation type. The MaxEnt (full name) model indicated a higher occurrence of P. vivax malaria in forested areas especially along the Thailand–Cambodia border. The ANOVA results showed a statistically significant difference between average malaria risk values predicted from the ecological niche model for rubber plantation workers and farmers, the two main occupation groups in the study. The rubber plantation workers were found to be at higher risk of exposure to malaria than farmers in Ubon Ratchathani and Sisaket provinces of Thailand. The results from this study point to occupation-related factors such as work location and the routes travelled to work, being risk factors in malaria occurrence and possible contributors to transmission among local populations.
On Hermitian manifolds whose Chern connection is Ambrose-Singer
Creators: name: Ni, Lei
name: Zheng, Fangyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C55, 53C05

description: We consider the class of compact Hermitian manifolds whose Chern connection is Ambrose-Singer, namely, it has parallel torsion and curvature. We prove structure theorems for such manifolds.
Maternal Transmission Ratio Distortion at the Mouse Om Locus Results From Meiotic Drive at the Second Meiotic Division
Creators: name: Wu, G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: We have observed maternal transmission ratio distortion (TRD) in favor of DDK alleles at the Ovum mutant (Om) locus on mouse chromosome 11 among the offspring of (C57BL/6 × DDK) F1 females and C57BL/6 males. Although significant lethality occurs in this backcross (∼50%), differences in the level of TRD found in recombinant vs. nonrecombinant chromosomes among offspring argue that TRD is due to nonrandom segregation of chromatids at the second meiotic division, i.e., true meiotic drive. We tested this hypothesis directly, by determining the centromere and Om genotypes of individual chromatids in zygote stage embryos. We found similar levels of TRD in favor of DDK alleles at Om in the female pronucleus and TRD in favor of C57BL/6 alleles at Om in the second polar body. In those embryos for which complete dyads have been reconstructed, TRD was present only in those inheriting heteromorphic dyads. These results demonstrate that meiotic drive occurs at MII and that preferential death of one genotypic class of embryo does not play a large role in the TRD.
Effective collision strengths for excitation and de-excitation of nebular [O III] optical and infrared lines with kappa distributed electron energies
Creators: name: Storey, P. J.
name: Sochi, Taha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present effective collision strengths for electron excitation and de-excitation of the ten forbidden transitions between the five lowest energy levels of the astronomically abundant doubly-ionised oxygen ion, O^{2+}. The raw collision strength data were obtained from an R-matrix intermediate coupling calculation using the Breit-Pauli relativistic approximation published previously by the authors. The effective collision strengths were calculated with kappa-distributed electron energies and are tabulated as a function of the electron temperature and kappa.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables
Black-box Attacks Against Neural Binary Function Detection
Creators: name: Bundt, Joshua
name: Davinroy, Michael
name: Agadakos, Ioannis
name: Oprea, Alina
name: Robertson, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Binary analyses based on deep neural networks (DNNs), or neural binary analyses (NBAs), have become a hotly researched topic in recent years. DNNs have been wildly successful at pushing the performance and accuracy envelopes in the natural language and image processing domains. Thus, DNNs are highly promising for solving binary analysis problems that are typically hard due to a lack of complete information resulting from the lossy compilation process. Despite this promise, it is unclear that the prevailing strategy of repurposing embeddings and model architectures originally developed for other problem domains is sound given the adversarial contexts under which binary analysis often operates. In this paper, we empirically demonstrate that the current state of the art in neural function boundary detection is vulnerable to both inadvertent and deliberate adversarial attacks. We proceed from the insight that current generation NBAs are built upon embeddings and model architectures intended to solve syntactic problems. We devise a simple, reproducible, and scalable black-box methodology for exploring the space of inadvertent attacks - instruction sequences that could be emitted by common compiler toolchains and configurations - that exploits this syntactic design focus. We then show that these inadvertent misclassifications can be exploited by an attacker, serving as the basis for a highly effective black-box adversarial example generation process. We evaluate this methodology against two state-of-the-art neural function boundary detectors: XDA and DeepDi. We conclude with an analysis of the evaluation data and recommendations for how future research might avoid succumbing to similar attacks.
description: 16 pages
Origin and Evolution of a Chimeric Fusion Gene in Drosophila subobscura, D. madeirensis and D. guanche
Creators: name: Jones, C. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: An understanding of the mutational and evolutionary mechanisms underlying the emergence of novel genes is critical to studies of phenotypic and genomic evolution. Here we describe a new example of a recently formed chimeric fusion gene that occurs in Drosophila guanche, D. madeirensis, and D. subobscura. This new gene, which we name Adh-Twain, resulted from an Adh mRNA that retrotransposed into the Gapdh-like gene, CG9010. Adh-Twain is transcribed; its 5′ promoters and transcription patterns appear similar to those of CG9010. Population genetic and phylogenetic analyses suggest that the amino acid sequence of Adh-Twain evolved rapidly via directional selection shortly after it arose. Its more recent history, however, is characterized by slower evolution consistent with increasing functional constraints. We present a model for the origin of this new gene and discuss genetic and evolutionary factors affecting the evolution of new genes and functions.
On the nature of $a_1(1420)$
Creators: name: Mikhasenko, Mikhail
name: Ketzer, Bernhard
name: Sarantsev, Andrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The resonance-like signal with axial-vector quantum numbers $J^{PC}=1^{++}$ at a mass of $1420\,$MeV and a width of $140\,$MeV, recently observed by the COMPASS and VES experiments in the $f_0(980)π$ final state and tentatively called $a_1(1420)$, is discussed. Instead of a genuine new meson, we interpret this signal as a dynamical effect due to a singularity (branching point) in the triangle diagram formed by the processes $a_1(1260) \to K^\star \bar{K}$, $K^\star\to Kπ$, and $K \bar{K} \to f_0(980)$ (+ c.c). The amplitude for this diagram is calculated. The result exhibits a peak in the intensity with a sharp phase motion with respect to the dominant $a_1(1260) \to ρπ$ $S$-wave decay, in good agreement with the data. The branching ratio of $a_1(1260)\to f_0(980)π$ via the triangle diagram is estimated and compared to the dominant decay $a_1(1260)\toρπ$.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures
Breaking Down the Parallel Performance of GROMACS, a High-Performance Molecular Dynamics Software
Creators: name: Andersson, Måns I.
name: Murugan, N. Arul
name: Podobas, Artur
name: Markidis, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: GROMACS is one of the most widely used HPC software packages using the Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation technique. In this work, we quantify GROMACS parallel performance using different configurations, HPC systems, and FFT libraries (FFTW, Intel MKL FFT, and FFT PACK). We break down the cost of each GROMACS computational phase and identify non-scalable stages, such as MPI communication during the 3D FFT computation when using a large number of processes. We show that the Particle-Mesh Ewald phase and the 3D FFT calculation significantly impact the GROMACS performance. Finally, we discuss performance opportunities with a particular interest in developing GROMACS for the FFT calculations.
The Local load sharing fiber bundle model in higher dimensions
Creators: name: Sinha, Santanu
name: Kjellstadli, Jonas T.
name: Hansen, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the local load sharing fiber bundle model in one to five dimensions. Depending on the breaking threshold distribution of the fibers, there is a transition where the fracture process becomes localized. In the localized phase, the model behaves as the invasion percolation model. The difference between the local load sharing fiber bundle model and the equal load sharing fiber bundle model decreases with increasing dimensionality as a power law.
description: 5 pages, 8 figures
Tracing the inception of the cluster era
Creators: name: Di Mascolo, Luca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Until now, direct observations of the intracluster medium (ICM) have been limited only to mature clusters in the latter three-quarters of the history of the Universe, and we have been lacking a direct view of the hot, thermalised cluster atmosphere beyond z~2, the epoch when the first massive clusters formed. Probing the thermal evolution of cosmic structures through z~2 — the epoch when intracluster gas starts to assemble and virialise, and cosmic star formation and the activity of active galactic nuclei (AGN) manifest a concurrent peak — is however crucial for exploring the link between galaxy clusters and their over-dense progenitors, as well as finding the observational fingerprint of feedback effects that regulate the later coevolution of the galaxy and intracluster/circumgalactic medium ecosystems.
 In my talk, I will present our recent detection of the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect in the direction of the protocluster complex surrounding the famous Spiderweb Galaxy (z~2.16), made possible only thanks to the superior capabilities of the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA). Such identification of a nascent intracluster halo represents the unambiguous proof that we are witnessing the transition through which a sparse overdensity of galaxies turns into a massive galaxy cluster, providing a statistically meaningful confirmation of long-standing predictions from cosmological simulations, and cluster and galaxy evolution.
แนวทางการออกแบบบอร์ดเกมเพื่อส่งเสริมความสามารถในการออกแบบการเรียนรู้สะตีมศึกษาที่มีประสิทธิภาพ และเครื่องมือวางแผนการออกแบบบอร์ดเกมการศึกษา
Creators: name: ณัชชา เจริญชนะกิจ
Publisher: name: ศูนย์นวัตกรรมทางการศึกษา สื่อสิ่งพิมพ์ และสื่อออนไลน์ จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย
Year: 2565
Subjects: บอร์ดเกม
บอร์ดเกมการศึกษา
สะตีมศึกษา

description: วารสารครุศาสตร์, 50, 4, EDUCU5004006 (14 pages)
Probing the Fermi Surface of 3D Dirac Semimetal Cd$_{3}$As$_{2}$ through de Haas-van Alphen Technique
Creators: name: Pariari, A.
name: Dutta, P.
name: Mandal, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed Shubnikov-de Haas and de Haas-van Alphen effect in the single crystals of three dimensional Dirac semimetal Cd$_{3}$As$_{2}$ upto 50 K, traceable at field as low as 2 T and 1 T, respectively. The values of Fermi wave vector, Fermi velocity, and effective cyclotron mass of charge carrier, calculated from both the techniques, are close to each other and match well with the earlier reports. However, the de Haas-van Alphen effect clearly reflects the existence of two different Fermi surface cross-sections along certain direction and a non-trivial Berry's phase which is the signature of 3D Dirac Fermion in Cd$_{3}$As$_{2}$.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures
Harm reduction behaviors are associated with carrying naloxone among patients on methadone treatment
Creators: name: Kozak, Zofia
name: Ciccarone, Daniel
name: Thrul, Johannes
name: Cole, Thomas O.
name: Pappas, Alexander L.
name: Greenblatt, Aaron D.
name: Welsh, Christopher
name: Yoon, Mark
name: Gann, Donald
name: Artigiani, E. Erin
name: Wish, Eric D.
name: Belcher, Annabelle M.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2023

description: Despite the widespread availability of naloxone, US opioid overdose rates continue to rise. The “Cascade of Care” (CoC) is a public health approach that identifies steps in achieving specific outcomes and has been used to identify gaps in naloxone carriage among individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). We sought to apply this framework to a treatment-seeking population with OUD that may be more inclined to engage in harm reduction behaviors. Patients were recruited from an urban methadone program to complete a survey. We assessed naloxone familiarity, availability, obtainability, training, and possession, as well as naloxone carriage rates, demographics, and harm reduction behaviors. A multivariable logistic regression examined associations between naloxone carriage and individual-level factors. Participants (n = 97) were majority male (59%), with a mean age of 48 (SD = 12), 27% had college education or higher, 64% indicated injection drug use, and 84% reported past naloxone training. All participants endorsed familiarity with naloxone, but only 42% regularly carried naloxone. The following variables were associated with carrying naloxone: White race (aOR = 2.94, 95% CI 1.02–8.52), college education (aOR = 8.11, 95% CI 1.76–37.47), and total number of self-reported harm reduction behaviors (aOR = 1.45, 95% CI 1.00–2.11). We found low rates of naloxone carriage among methadone-treated patients. Methadone programs provide opportunities for naloxone interventions and should target racial/ethnic minorities and individuals with lower education. The spectrum of harm reduction behaviors should be encouraged among these populations to enhance naloxone carriage.
Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis Using Recombinant Inbred Intercrosses: Theoretical and Empirical Considerations
Creators: name: Gelfond, J. A. L.
name: Lu, L.
name: Threadgill, D. W.
name: Zou, F.
name: Williams, R. W.
name: Manly, K. F.
name: Airey, D. C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: We describe a new approach, called recombinant inbred intercross (RIX) mapping, that extends the power of recombinant inbred (RI) lines to provide sensitive detection of quantitative trait loci (QTL) responsible for complex genetic and nongenetic interactions. RIXs are generated by producing F1 hybrids between all or a subset of parental RI lines. By dramatically extending the number of unique, reproducible genomes, RIXs share some of the best properties of both the parental RI and F2 mapping panels. These attributes make the RIX method ideally suited for experiments requiring analysis of multiple parameters, under different environmental conditions and/or temporal sampling. However, since any pair of RIX genomes shares either one or no parental RIs, this cross introduces an unusual population structure requiring special computational approaches for analysis. Herein, we propose an efficient statistical procedure for QTL mapping with RIXs and describe a novel empirical permutation procedure to assess genome-wide significance. This procedure will also be applicable to diallel crosses. Extensive simulations using strain distribution patterns from CXB, AXB/BXA, and BXD mouse RI lines show the theoretical power of the RIX approach and the analysis of CXB RIXs demonstrates the limitations of this procedure when using small RI panels.
Dependence of measurement outcomes on the dynamics of quantum coherent interactions between the system and the meter
Creators: name: Matsushita, Tomonori
name: Hofmann, Holger F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Information about the internal properties of a system can only be obtained through interactions of the system with an external meter. However, such interactions generally result in entanglement between the system and the meter, making it difficult to trace the measurement result back to a specific value of the physical property in the system. It is therefore possible that the outcomes of quantum measurements depend in a non-trivial manner on the dynamics of the measurement interaction, possibly providing a physical explanation for the role of measurement contexts in quantum mechanics. Here, we show that the effects of the measurement interaction on the meter can be described entirely in terms of the quantum coherent system dynamics associated with the back-action on the system. For sufficiently small back-action uncertainties, the physical property of the system is described by a weak value obtained from the Hamilton-Jacobi equation of the back-action dynamics. At higher measurement resolutions, the observed values are determined by quantum interferences between different amounts of back-action. Eigenvalues emerge when the quantum interferences between different back-actions correspond to a Fourier transform in the back-action parameter. We conclude that the values of physical properties obtained in quantum measurements originate from the quantum coherent properties of the back-action dynamics generated by that physical property during an interaction. Measurement outcomes represent elements of the dynamics and cannot be explained by measurement independent elements of reality.
description: 15 pages, no figures; improved explanation of a subsequent measurement and added an example of the Stern-Gerlach experiment