cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Integrating Food Policy with Growing Health and Wellness Concerns: An Analytical Literature Review of the Issues Affecting Government, Industry, and Civil Society
Creators: name: Cash, Sean B.
name: Cortus, Brett
name: Goddard, Ellen W.
name: Han, Alice
name: Lerohl, Mel L.
name: Lomeli, Jose L.
name: Cash, Sean B.
name: Cortus, Brett
name: Goddard, Ellen W.
name: Han, Alice
name: Lerohl, Mel L.
name: Lomeli, Jose L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Health Economics and Policy
Agribusiness

description: Over the past few years, there has been growing global interest in the link between food and health. This paper provides a review of some of the recent literature describing these linkages. The first section provides an overview of findings that link the consumption of fruits and vegetables, meat, eggs, whole-grains, alcohol, sugar, dairy, fish, pulses, soy, and nuts to coronary heart disease, cancer, stroke, and diabetes. The authors then summarize various international and domestic non-government organizations' views about these issues. The third section centres on the food industry and its responses to growing health concerns. The fourth section is an overview of public policy relating to food and health, including the use of food policy to change consumption behaviour and address obesity. This section also includes a discussion of the relevance of policies designed to discourage smoking to the current debate on obesity. The Conclusion highlights ways in which Canadian food policy can be adapted in order to better promote health and wellness.
O stars with weak winds: the Galactic case
Creators: name: Martins, Fabrice
name: Schaerer, Daniel
name: Hillier, John
name: Meynadier, Frederic
name: Heydari-Malayeri, Mohammad
name: Walborn, Nolan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stellar and wind properties of a sample of Galactic O dwarfs to track the conditions under which weak winds (i.e mass loss rates lower than ~ 1e-8 Msol/yr) appear. The sample is composed of low and high luminosity dwarfs including Vz stars and stars known to display qualitatively weak winds. Atmosphere models including non-LTE treatment, spherical expansion and line blanketing are computed with the code CMFGEN. Both UV and Ha lines are used to derive wind properties while optical H and He lines give the stellar parameters. Mass loss rates of all stars are found to be lower than expected from the hydrodynamical predictions of Vink et al. (2001). For stars with log L/Lsol > 5.2, the reduction is by less than a factor 5 and is mainly due to the inclusion of clumping in the models. For stars with log L/Lsol < 5.2 the reduction can be as high as a factor 100. The inclusion of X-ray emission in models with low density is crucial to derive accurate mass loss rates from UV lines. The modified wind momentum - luminosity relation shows a significant change of slope around this transition luminosity. Terminal velocities of low luminosity stars are also found to be low. The physical reason for such weak winds is still not clear although the finding of weak winds in Galactic stars excludes the role of a reduced metallicity. X-rays, through the change in the ionisation structure they imply, may be at the origin of a reduction of the radiative acceleration, leading to lower mass loss rates. A better understanding of the origin of X-rays is of crucial importance for the study of the physics of weak winds.
description: 31 pages, 42 figures. A&A accepted. A version of the paper with full resolution figures is available at http://www.mpe.mpg.de/~martins/publications.html
Dynamics of the Bose-Hubbard model: transition from Mott insulator to superfluid
Creators: name: Cucchietti, Fernando M.
name: Damski, Bogdan
name: Dziarmaga, Jacek
name: Zurek, Wojciech H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of phase transitions in the one dimensional Bose-Hubbard model. To drive the system from Mott insulator to superfluid phase, we change the tunneling frequency at a finite rate. We investigate the build up of correlations during fast and slow transitions using variational wave functions, dynamical Bogoliubov theory, Kibble-Zurek mechanism, and numerical simulations. We show that time-dependent correlations satisfy characteristic scaling relations that can be measured in optical lattices filled with cold atoms.
description: 7+ pages, the Bogolubov section is completely rewritten
Unified monogamy relation of entanglement measures
Creators: name: Yang, Xue
name: Luo, Ming-Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The monogamy of quantum entanglement captures the property of limitation in the distribution of entanglement. Various monogamy relations exist for different entanglement measures that are important in quantum information processing. Our goal in this work is to propose a general monogamy inequality for all entanglement measures on entangled qubit systems. The present result provide a unified model for various entanglement measures including the concurrence, the negativity, the entanglement of formation, Tsallis-q entropy, Renyi-q entropy, and Unified-(q,s) entropy. We then proposed tightened monogamy inequalities for multipartite systems. We finally prove a generic result for the tangle of high-dimensional entangled states to show the distinct feature going beyond qubit systems. These results are useful for exploring the entanglement theory, quantum information processing and secure quantum communication.
description: add recent refs in this version
Geometry of three dimensional vacuum domains in four dimensional SU(2) gluodynamics
Creators: name: Kovalenko, A. V.
name: Polikarpov, M. I.
name: Syritsyn, S. N.
name: Zakharov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review briefly recent results of lattice simulations on 3d domains in the vacuum state of SU(2) gluodynamics. The defects are defined as unification of all the negative links in central projection under condition that the total number of negative links is minimized. In the continuum limit, negative links correspond, generally speaking to singular fields. The data indicate that total volume of the defects scales in physical units. We consider also correlator of negative links. The correlator scales in physical units as well, within the error bars. A new observation reported here is a strong anisotropy of the correlator.
description: Talk presented at Lattice 2005 (topology and confinement)
Additional file 3 of Implementation of integrated care for type 2 diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis in Germany: study protocol for a practice-based and cluster-randomized trial
Creators: name: Hennrich, Patrick
name: Queder, Annika
name: Altiner, Attila
name: Awounvo, Sinclair
name: Dyczmons, Jan
name: Eigendorf, Julian
name: Erdmann, Stella
name: Grobe, Thomas
name: Gutscher, Andreas
name: Herzig, Nicole
name: Jepsen, Søren
name: Kairies-Schwarz, Nadja
name: Kalmus, Olivier
name: Kliemannel, Fabian
name: Santos, Sara
name: Vanella, Patrizio
name: Wensing, Michel
name: Wilm, Stefan
name: Listl, Stefan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 3
Additional file 5 of Nitric oxide debilitates the neuropathogenic schistosome Trichobilharzia regenti in mice, partly by inhibiting its vital peptidases
Creators: name: Macháček, Tomáš
name: Šmídová, Barbora
name: Pankrác, Jan
name: Majer, Martin
name: Bulantová, Jana
name: Horák, Petr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Figure S4. Amount of nitric oxide released from NOR-5 shown as the concentration of nitrites in the medium.
Optical polarization analogue in free electrons beams
Creators: name: Lourenço-Martins, Hugo
name: Gérard, Davy
name: Kociak, Mathieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast electrons spectromicroscopies enable to measure quantitatively the optical response of excitations with unrivaled spatial resolution. However, due to their inherently scalar nature, electron waves cannot access to polarization-related quantities. In spite of promising attempts based on the conversion of concepts originating from singular optics (such as vortex beams), the definition of an optical polarization analogue for fast electrons has remained a dead letter. Here, we establish such an analogue as the dipole transition vector of the electron between two well-chosen singular wave states. We show that electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) allows a direct measurement of the \textit{polarized} electromagnetic local density of states. In particular, in the case of circular polarization, it measures directly the local optical spin density. This work establishes EELS as a quantitative technique to tackle fundamental issues in nano-optics, such as super-chirality, the local polarization of dark excitations or polarization singularities at the nanoscale.
A Hybrid Lagrangian Variation Method for Bose-Einstein Condensates in Optical Lattices
Creators: name: Edwards, Mark
name: DeBeer, Lisa M.
name: Demenikov, Mads
name: Galbreath, Jacob
name: Mahaney, T. Joseph
name: Nelsen, Bryan
name: Clark, Charles W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solving the Gross--Pitaevskii (GP) equation describing a Bose--Einstein condensate (BEC) immersed in an optical lattice potential can be a numerically demanding task. We present a variational technique for providing fast, accurate solutions of the GP equation for systems where the external potential exhibits rapid varation along one spatial direction. Examples of such systems include a BEC subjected to a one--dimensional optical lattice or a Bragg pulse. This variational method is a hybrid form of the Lagrangian Variational Method for the GP equation in which a hybrid trial wavefunction assumes a gaussian form in two coordinates while being totally unspecified in the third coordinate. The resulting equations of motion consist of a quasi--one--dimensional GP equation coupled to ordinary differential equations for the widths of the transverse gaussians. We use this method to investigate how an optical lattice can be used to move a condensate non--adiabatically.
description: 16 pages and 1 figure
Additional file 6 of Nitric oxide debilitates the neuropathogenic schistosome Trichobilharzia regenti in mice, partly by inhibiting its vital peptidases
Creators: name: Macháček, Tomáš
name: Šmídová, Barbora
name: Pankrác, Jan
name: Majer, Martin
name: Bulantová, Jana
name: Horák, Petr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6: Figure S5. Number of body contractions performed by T. regenti schistosomula treated in vitro by NOR-5, the donor of NO.
PREFERENCES ABOUT MARKETING ORGANIC GRAIN IN ALBERTA
Creators: name: L'Hoir, Chantelle
name: Goddard, Ellen W.
name: Ng, Desmond W.
name: Lerohl, Mel L.
name: L'Hoir, Chantelle
name: Goddard, Ellen W.
name: Ng, Desmond W.
name: Lerohl, Mel L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The organic industry in Canada is growing and Alberta organic grain producers have expressed a concern that the marketing system for organic grains in Alberta is poorly organized. This poorly organized system may hinder producers from optimizing market potential. This paper assesses different organizational structures that might assist Alberta organic grain producers in optimizing market potential. The choice of organizational structures that could potentially be used to market organic grain in Alberta is based on the types organizational structures that currently exist in the market, producer motivations, and the obstacles that exist in the market. In performing the assessment; existing organic organizational structures are identified, producer motivations are defined, underlying market forces are revealed, and organizational critical success factors are specified. In the conclusions an assessment is made as to which organizational structure is presently the most suitable option to assist organic grain producers in Alberta. The judgment of appropriate marketing structure may well change as the organic market matures, which it shows promise of rapidly doing.
Additional file 1 of Prophylactic regimens for the prevention of pseudophakic cystoid macular edema: systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Alqahtani, Abdullah S.
name: Hersi, Reem M.
name: Homsi, Jumana J.
name: Alamoudi, Loujen O.
name: Alghamdi, Sara
name: Alrajhi, Rawan K.
name: AlJehani, Reham A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Homogeneity and plane-wave limits
Creators: name: Figueroa-O'Farrill, José
name: Meessen, Patrick
name: Philip, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We explore the plane-wave limit of homogeneous spacetimes. For plane-wave limits along homogeneous geodesics the limit is known to be homogeneous and we exhibit the limiting metric in terms of Lie algebraic data. This simplifies many calculations and we illustrate this with several examples. We also investigate the behaviour of (reductive) homogeneous structures under the plane-wave limit.
description: In memory of Stanley Hobert, 33 pages. Minor corrections and some simplification of Section 4.3.1
Additional file 1 of Implementation of integrated care for type 2 diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis in Germany: study protocol for a practice-based and cluster-randomized trial
Creators: name: Hennrich, Patrick
name: Queder, Annika
name: Altiner, Attila
name: Awounvo, Sinclair
name: Dyczmons, Jan
name: Eigendorf, Julian
name: Erdmann, Stella
name: Grobe, Thomas
name: Gutscher, Andreas
name: Herzig, Nicole
name: Jepsen, Søren
name: Kairies-Schwarz, Nadja
name: Kalmus, Olivier
name: Kliemannel, Fabian
name: Santos, Sara
name: Vanella, Patrizio
name: Wensing, Michel
name: Wilm, Stefan
name: Listl, Stefan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Where has all the information gone?
Creators: name: Zeh, H. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of spacetime singularities is irrelevant for the irreversible appearance of black holes. However, confirmation of the latter's unitary dynamics would require the preparation of a coherent superposition of a tremendous number of appropriate ``Everett worlds''.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, Latex - Invited paper for a special Einstein issue of Physics Letters A
Evaluation of Low-Cost Thermal Laser Stimulation for Data Extraction and Key Readout
Creators: name: Krachenfels, Thilo
name: Lohrke, Heiko
name: Seifert, Jean-Pierre
name: Dietz, Enrico
name: Frohmann, Sven
name: Hübers, Heinz-Wilhelm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent attacks using thermal laser stimulation (TLS) have shown that it is possible to extract cryptographic keys from the battery-backed memory on state-of-the-art field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). However, the professional failure analysis microscopes usually employed for these attacks cost in the order of 500k to 1M dollars. In this work, we evaluate the use of a cheaper commercial laser fault injection station retrofitted with a suitable amplifier and light source to enable TLS. We demonstrate that TLS attacks are possible at a hardware cost of around 100k dollars. This constitutes a reduction of the resources required by the attacker by a factor of at least five. We showcase two actual attacks: data extraction from the SRAM memory of a low-power microcontroller and decryption key extraction from a 20-nm technology FPGA device. The strengths and weaknesses of our low-cost approach are then discussed in comparison with the conventional failure analysis equipment approach. In general, this work demonstrates that TLS backside attacks are available at a much lower cost than previously expected.
Additional file 7 of Nitric oxide debilitates the neuropathogenic schistosome Trichobilharzia regenti in mice, partly by inhibiting its vital peptidases
Creators: name: Macháček, Tomáš
name: Šmídová, Barbora
name: Pankrác, Jan
name: Majer, Martin
name: Bulantová, Jana
name: Horák, Petr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 7: Figure S6. Ultrastructural changes of Trichobilharzia regenti schistosomula treated by 0.5mM NOR-5 visualised by scanning and transmission electron microscopy.
Additional file 2 of Implementation of integrated care for type 2 diabetes Mellitus and Periodontitis in Germany: study protocol for a practice-based and cluster-randomized trial
Creators: name: Hennrich, Patrick
name: Queder, Annika
name: Altiner, Attila
name: Awounvo, Sinclair
name: Dyczmons, Jan
name: Eigendorf, Julian
name: Erdmann, Stella
name: Grobe, Thomas
name: Gutscher, Andreas
name: Herzig, Nicole
name: Jepsen, Søren
name: Kairies-Schwarz, Nadja
name: Kalmus, Olivier
name: Kliemannel, Fabian
name: Santos, Sara
name: Vanella, Patrizio
name: Wensing, Michel
name: Wilm, Stefan
name: Listl, Stefan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 2
Product Differentiation on the Polish Pig Meat Market
Creators: name: Pieniadz, Agata
name: Hockmann, Heinrich
name: Pieniadz, Agata
name: Hockmann, Heinrich
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: pricing
subject: market structure
subject: product quality

description: This study deals with horizontal product differentiation in the Polish pig meat market. Hypothesis among firms behaviour are derived from an illustrative model and tested in an empirical analysis using data from 1991-1998. The empirical analysis suggest that product differentiation is a relevant phenomenon in the polish pig meat markets. In addition we found that costs and competitions are important factors influencing price variation. However, further influences like price discrimination and vertical product differentiation are also important determinants for product price variations.
Technical feasibility of Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting on a 1.5T MRI-Linac
Creators: name: Bruijnen, T.
name: van der Heide, O.
name: Intven, M. P. W.
name: Mook, S.
name: Lagendijk, J. J. W.
name: Berg, C. A. T. van den
name: Tijssen, R. H. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hybrid MRI-linac (MRL) systems enable daily multiparametric quantitative MRI to assess tumor response to radiotherapy. Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting (MRF) may provide time efficient means of rapid multiparametric quantitative MRI. The accuracy of MRF, however, relies on adequate control over system imperfections, such as eddy currents and B1+, which are different and not as well established on MRL systems compared to diagnostic systems. In this study we investigate the technical feasibility of gradient spoiled 2D MRF on a 1.5T MRL. We show with phantom experiments that the MRL generates reliable MRF signals that are temporally stable during the day and have good agreement with spin-echo reference measurements. Subsequent in-vivo MRF scans in healthy volunteers and a patient with a colorectal liver metastasis showed good image quality, where the quantitative values of selected organs corresponded with the values reported in literature. Therefore we conclude that gradient spoiled 2D MRF is feasible on a 1.5T MRL with similar performance as on a diagnostic system. The precision and accuracy of the parametric maps are sufficient for further investigation of the clinical utility of MRF for online quantitatively MRI-guided radiotherapy.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, Submitted to Physics in Medicine & Biology as a technical note
Differential phase shift quantum key distribution experiment over 105 km fibre
Creators: name: Takesue, H.
name: Diamanti, E.
name: Honjo, T.
name: Langrock, C.
name: Fejer, M. M.
name: Inoue, K.
name: Yamamoto, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since several papers appeared in 2000, the quantum key distribution (QKD) community has been well aware that photon number splitting (PNS) attack by Eve severely limits the secure key distribution distance in BB84 QKD systems with Poissonian photon sources. In attempts to solve this problem, entanglement-based QKD, single-photon based QKD, and entanglement swapping-based QKD, have been studied in recent years. However, there are many technological difficulties that must be overcome before these schemes can become practical systems. Here we report a very simple QKD system, in which secure keys were generated over >100 km fibre for the first time. We used an alternative protocol of differential phase shift keying (DPSK) but with a Poissonian source. We analysed the security of the DPSK protocol and showed that it is robust even against hybrid attacks including collective PNS attack over consecutive pulses, intercept-and-resend (I-R) attack and beamsplitting (BS) attack, because of the non-deterministic collapse of a wavefunction in a quantum measurement. To implement this protocol, we developed a new detector for the 1.5 um band based on frequency up-conversion in a periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide followed by a Si avalanche photodiode (APD). The use of the new detectors increased the sifted key generation rate up to > 1 Mbit/s over 30 km fibre, which is two orders of magnitude larger than the previous record.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Multiresolution Green’s function methods for interactive simulation of large-scale elastostatic objects and other physical systems in equilibrium
Creators: name: James, Douglas Leonard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis presents a framework for low-latency interactive simulation of linear elastostatic models and other systems associated with linear elliptic partial differention equations. This approach makes it feasible to interactively simulate large-scale physical models. Linearity is exploited by formulating the boundary value problem (BVP) solution in terms of Green's functions (GFs) which may be precomputed to provide speed and cheap lookup operations. Runtime BVPs are solved using a collection of Capacitance Matrix Algorithms (CMAs) based on the Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury formula. Temporal coherence is exploited by caching and reusing, as well as sequentially updating, previous capacitance matrix inverses. Multiresolution enhancements make it practical to simulate and store very large models. Efficient compressed representations of precomputed GFs are obtained using second-generation wavelets defined on surfaces. Fast inverse wavelet transforms allow fast summation methods to be used to accelerate runtime BVP solution. Wavelet GF compression factors are directly related to interactive simulation speedup, and examples are provided with hundredfold improvements at modest error levels. Furthermore, hierarchical constraints are defined using hierarchical basis functions, and related hierarchical GFs are then used to construct an hierarchical CMA. This direct solution approach is suitable for hard real time simulation since it provides a mechanism for gracefully degrading to coarser resolution approximations, and the wavelet representations allow for runtime adaptive multiresolution rendering. These GF CMAs are well-suited to interactive haptic applications since GFs allow random access to solution components and the capacitance matrix is the contact compliance used for high-fidelity force feedback rendering. Examples are provided for distributed and point-like interactions. Precomputed multizone kinematic GF models are also considered, with examples provided for character animation in computer graphics. Finally, we briefly discuss the generation of multiresolution GF models using either numerical precomputation methods or reality-based robotic measurement.
Quantum metrology via chaos in a driven Bose-Josephson system
Creators: name: Liu, Wenjie
name: Zhuang, Min
name: Zhu, Bo
name: Huang, Jiahao
name: Lee, Chaohong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement preparation and signal accumulation are essential for quantum parameter estimation, which pose significant challenges to both theories and experiments. Here, we propose how to utilize chaotic dynamics in a periodically driven Bose-Josephson system for achieving a high-precision measurement beyond the standard quantum limit (SQL). Starting from an initial non-entangled state, the chaotic dynamics generates quantum entanglement and simultaneously encodes the parameter to be estimated. By using suitable chaotic dynamics, the ultimate measurement precision of the estimated parameter can beat the SQL. The sub-SQL measurement precision scaling can also be obtained via specific observables, such as population measurements, which can be realized with state-of-art techniques. Our study not only provides new insights for understanding quantum chaos and quantum-classical correspondence, but also is of promising applications in entanglement-enhanced quantum metrology.
Rural Development: an Analytical Approach at Different Territorial Levels
Creators: name: Montresor, Elisa
name: Montresor, Elisa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: The purpose of this work is to contribute with some reflections to the debate that has flourished in recent years around two issues: rural development and systemic reading of the territorial articulation of agricultural development. In the numerous investigations conducted in Italy and elsewhere, the analytical approach adopted (institutional level and investigation units, choice of indicators and of the analytical instruments) has profound repercussions on rural policies, according to its wider or narrower formulation. After a brief reflection on the approaches to rural development, highlighting the contradictions of institutional intervention, the study proposes a critical description of some results of the Italian investigations. The aim is to contribute to the definition of an analytical approach for evaluating the dynamics in progress in the agricultural and rural development at different decisional levels (EU, national, regional). The proposed instruments satisfy some requirements: the repeatability of the investigation at different times and in a variety of contexts, the flexibility for the adaptability to the mosaic of situations in the rural world, the applicability at different territorial levels.
Additional file 3 of Nitric oxide debilitates the neuropathogenic schistosome Trichobilharzia regenti in mice, partly by inhibiting its vital peptidases
Creators: name: Macháček, Tomáš
name: Šmídová, Barbora
name: Pankrác, Jan
name: Majer, Martin
name: Bulantová, Jana
name: Horák, Petr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. Effects of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibition by aminoguanidine (60 mg/kg i.p.) on Trichobilharzia regenti infection in mice 7 days post-infection.
Thermal noise properties of two aging materials
Creators: name: Bellon, L.
name: Buisson, L.
name: Ciccotti, M.
name: Ciliberto, S.
name: Douarche, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this lecture we review several aspects of the thermal noise properties in two aging materials: a polymer and a colloidal glass. The measurements have been performed after a quench for the polymer and during the transition from a fluid-like to a solid-like state for the gel. Two kind of noise has been measured: the electrical noise and the mechanical noise. For both materials we have observed that the electric noise is characterized by a strong intermittency, which induces a large violation of the Fluctuation Dissipation Theorem (FDT) during the aging time, and may persist for several hours at low frequency. The statistics of these intermittent signals and their dependance on the quench speed for the polymer or on sample concentration for the gel are studied. The results are in a qualitative agreement with recent models of aging, that predict an intermittent dynamics. For the mechanical noise the results are unclear. In the polymer the mechanical thermal noise is still intermittent whereas for the gel the violation of FDT, if it exists, is extremely small.
description: to be published in the Proceedings of the XIX Sitges Conference on ''Jammming, Yielding and Irreversible Deformation in Condensed Matter'', M.-C.Miguel and M. Rubi eds.,Springer Verlag, Berlin
Spatial Disaggregation of Agricultural Production Data
Creators: name: Howitt, Richard E.
name: Reynaud, Arnaud
name: Howitt, Richard E.
name: Reynaud, Arnaud
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: Disaggregation
subject: Bayesian method
subject: Maximum entropy
subject: Land use

description: In this paper we develop a dynamic data-consistent way for estimating agricultural land use choices at a disaggregate level (district-level), using more aggregate data (regional-level). The disaggregation procedure requires two steps. The first step consists in specifying and estimating a dynamic model of land use at the regional level. In the second step, we disaggregate outcomes of the aggregate model using maximum entropy (ME). The ME disaggregation procedure is applied to a sample of California data. The sample includes 6 districts located in Central Valley and 8 possible crops, namely: Alfalfa, Cotton, Field, Grain, Melons, Tomatoes, Vegetables and Subtropical. The disaggregation procedure enables the recovery of land use at the district-level with an out-sample prediction error of 16%. This result shows that the micro behavior, inferred from aggregate data with our disaggregation approach, seems to be consistent with observed behavior.
Additional file 4 of Nitric oxide debilitates the neuropathogenic schistosome Trichobilharzia regenti in mice, partly by inhibiting its vital peptidases
Creators: name: Macháček, Tomáš
name: Šmídová, Barbora
name: Pankrác, Jan
name: Majer, Martin
name: Bulantová, Jana
name: Horák, Petr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Figure S3. A negative association between the activity of Trichobilharzia regenti cathepsin B1 or B2 and amount of nitric oxide released from NOR-3.
Comparing the reflectivity of ungrouped carbonaceous chondrites with that of short period comets like 2P/Encke
Creators: name: Tanbakouei, Safoura
name: Trigo-Rodriguez, Josep M.
name: blum, Jurgen
name: Williams, Iwan
name: Llorca, Jordi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. The existence of asteroid complexes produced by the disruption of these comets suggests that evolved comets could also produce high-strength materials able to survive as meteorites. We chose as an example comet 2P/Encke, one of the largest object of the so-called Taurid complex. We compare the reflectance spectrum of this comet with the laboratory spectra of some Antarctic ungrouped carbonaceous chondrites to investigate whether some of these meteorites could be associated with evolved comets. Methods. We compared the spectral behaviour of 2P/Encke with laboratory spectra of carbonaceous chondrites. Different specimens of the common carbonaceous chondrite groups do not match the overall features and slope of comet 2P/Encke. Trying anomalous carbonaceous chondrites, we found two meteorites, Meteorite Hills 01017 and Grosvenor Mountains 95551, which could be good proxies for the dark materials forming this short-period comet. We hypothesise that these two meteorites could be rare surviving samples, either from the Taurid complex or another compositionally similar body. In any case, it is difficult to get rid of the effects of terrestrial weathering in these Antarctic finds, and further studies are needed. Future sample return from the so-called dormant comets could be also useful to establish a ground truth on the materials forming evolved short-period comets. Results. As a natural outcome, we think that identifying good proxies of 2P/Encke-forming materials might have interesting implications for future sample-return missions to evolved, potentially dormant or extinct comets. To understand the compositional nature of evolved comets is particularly relevant in the context of the future mitigation of impact hazard from these dark and dangerous projectiles.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A on July 6, 2020
Investigation of flat spectrum radio sources by the interplanetary scintillation method at 111 MHz
Creators: name: Tyul'bashev, S. A.
name: Pedro, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interplanetary scintillation observations of 48 of the 55 Augusto et al. (1998) flat spectrum radio sources were carried out at 111 MHz using the interplanetary scintillation method on the Large Phased Array (LPA) in Russia. Due to the large size of the LPA beam ($1\degr \times 0.5\degr$) a careful inspection of all possible confusion sources was made using extant large radio surveys: 37 of the 48 sources are not confused. We were able to estimate the scintillating flux densities of 13 sources, getting upper limits for the remaining 35. Gathering more or improving extant VLBI data on these sources might significantly improve our results. This proof-of-concept project tells us that compact ($<1''$) flat spectrum radio sources show strong enough scintillations at 111 MHz to establish/constrain their spectra (low-frequency end).
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
อิทธิพลของภาษาไทยกรุงเทพฯ กับการใช้คำของผู้พูดภาษาไทยอีสาน จังหวัดชัยภูมิ
Creators: name: อรพัช บวรรักษา
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2003
Subjects: -

description: วรรณวิทัศน์, 3, พฤศจิกายน, 84-93
Long Term Structural Changes in the EU Countries (1970-2000): Convergence or Divergence in the Agri-Food System?
Creators: name: Brasili, Cristina
name: Fanfani, Roberto
name: Brasili, Cristina
name: Fanfani, Roberto
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The main objective of this paper is to analyse the structural changes in European Agri-food systems in the last 30 years in order to verify the presence of a convergence process towards a more homogeneous structure among EU countries. This analysis considers the relative importance of the main components of Agri-food systems (agriculture, food industry and food consumption) and how they change over time. The analysis of convergence utilise the European National Accounting Data (from the SEC2 Data Base of Eurostat) from 1970 to 2000 for twelve EU countries. We use tests of convergence on cross section data by countries, but also stochastic kernel methodologies to verify the dynamic evolution of groups of countries inside the EU. The results show there are important process of convergence among countries for the variables of the Agri-food system that are more linked to the economic development, such as the importance of agriculture and food consumption in GDP. On the other hand there are divergences on the variables more linked to the openness degree and to the competitiveness of the Agri-food system. The presence of polarisation process among groups of countries contribute to the permanence of long run structural changes among Northern and Southern countries in the EU.
Matrix Models, Complex Geometry and Integrable Systems. I
Creators: name: Marshakov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the simplest gauge theories given by one- and two- matrix integrals and concentrate on their stringy and geometric properties. We remind general integrable structure behind the matrix integrals and turn to the geometric properties of planar matrix models, demonstrating that they are universally described in terms of integrable systems directly related to the theory of complex curves. We study the main ingredients of this geometric picture, suggesting that it can be generalized beyond one complex dimension, and formulate them in terms of the quasiclassical integrable systems, solved by construction of tau-functions or prepotentials. The complex curves and tau-functions of one- and two- matrix models are discussed in detail.
description: 52 pages, 19 figures, based on several lecture courses and the talks at "Complex geometry and string theory" and the Polivanov memorial seminar; misprints corrected, references added
Transparency in Language Generation: Levels of Automation
Creators: name: Edwards, Justin
name: Perrone, Allison
name: Doyle, Philip R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Language models and conversational systems are growing increasingly advanced, creating outputs that may be mistaken for humans. Consumers may thus be misled by advertising, media reports, or vagueness regarding the role of automation in the production of language. We propose a taxonomy of language automation, based on the SAE levels of driving automation, to establish a shared set of terms for describing automated language. It is our hope that the proposed taxonomy can increase transparency in this rapidly advancing field.
description: Accepted for publication at CUI 2020
Online Supplemental Data : "Deep Reinforcement Learning for Solving the Single Container Loading Problem"
Creators: name: LAYEB, SAFA
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 91002 Flexible Manufacturing Systems
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Online Supplemental Data for "Deep Reinforcement Learning for Solving the Single Container Loading Problem"
The Farm Strategy Approach Towards Competitiveness under the CAP Reforms. The Case of Andalusia in Southern Spain
Creators: name: Gallardo, Rosa Karina
name: Ramos, Fernando
name: Ramos, Eduardo
name: Gallardo, Rosa Karina
name: Ramos, Fernando
name: Ramos, Eduardo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Common Agricultural Policy
subject: Competitiveness
subject: Strategic Analysis
subject: Agricultural Systems

description: The evolution of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), and its successive Reforms, has caused a loss of both internal coherence and social legitimacy. On the other hand, the Agenda 2000 has situated agriculture within the objective of competitiveness. What may well be asked is whether indeed the different European agricultural systems are converging towards this objective of competitiveness. To be able to reply to this question it is necessary to change from a 'meso' analysis of the CAP to a 'micro' analysis of farms referring to specific regions. Starting from this context and problem, this paper analyses how the agriculture of the region of Andalusia can be affected by the competitiveness approach in an area which is in an advanced process of modernisation but nevertheless maintains a strong agricultural character and a dependence on the CAP. For this analysis, we have started from the fact that farmers make strategic decisions so as to adapt to a changing political situation. The main objective of this work is to contrast the importance of a combination of structural and strategic variables to explain the differences in the competitive position of agricultural systems compared with different situations of the CAP. In order to achieve this objective, analytical instruments of competitive and strategic approaches, normally designed for individual enterprises in other economic sectors, have been used, adapting them to the agricultural system as a whole. The results allow the affirmation that the farmers who obtain the best competitive positions are those who adopt a strategic position concerning their activity, with a greater coherence between the definition of their objectives and of the resource allocation strategies they design in order to achieve them.
Additional file 2 of Not taught in medical school but needed for the clinical job – leadership, communication and career management skills for final year medical students
Creators: name: Behling, Felix
name: Adib, Sasan Darius
name: Haas, Patrick
name: Becker, Hannes
name: Oberle, Linda
name: Weinbrenner, Eliane
name: Nasi-Kordhishti, Isabella
name: Roder, Constantin
name: Griewatz, Jan
name: Tatagiba, Marcos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2
Sub-arcsecond Radio Observations of the Dwarf Starburst Galaxy NGC 3077
Creators: name: Rosa-Gonzalez, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first sub-arcsecond radio observations of the nearby dwarf starburst galaxy NGC 3077 obtained with the MERLIN interferometer. We have detected two resolved sources which are coincident with the positions of two discrete X-ray sources detected by Chandra. One of the radio sources is associated with a supernova remnant and the observed radio flux is consistent with having a non-thermal origin. The age of the SNRs of about 760 years is between the average age of the SNRs detected in M82 and those detected in the Milky Way and the Large Magellanic Cloud. We use this detection to calculate a star formation rate (SFR) of 0.28 M_sun year-1 which is similar to the SFR calculated by using far infrared and millimeter observations but larger than the SFR given by optical recombination lines corrected for extinction. The other compact radio source detected by MERLIN which is coincident with the position of an X-ray binary, has the properties of an HII region with a flux density of about 747 microJy which corresponds to an ionizing flux of 6.8x10^50 s-1. A young massive stellar cluster with a mass of about 2x10^5 M_sun, detected by the Hubble Space Telescope could be the responsible for the production of the ionizing flux.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Bright, polarization-tunable high repetition rate extreme ultraviolet beamline for coincidence electron-ion imaging
Creators: name: Comby, Antoine
name: Bloch, Etienne
name: Beauvarlet, Sandra
name: Rajak, Debobrata
name: Beaulieu, Samuel
name: Descamps, Dominique
name: Gonzalez, Aura
name: Guichard, Florent
name: Petit, Stéphane
name: Zaouter, Yoann
name: Blanchet, Valérie
name: Mairesse, Yann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After decades of supremacy of the Titanium:Sapphire technology, Ytterbium-based high-order harmonic sources are emerging as an interesting alternative for experiments requiring high flux of ultrashort extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation. In this article we describe a versatile experimental setup delivering XUV photons in the 10-50 eV range. The use of cascaded high-harmonic generation enables us to reach 1.8 mW of average power at 18 eV. Several spectral focusing schemes are presented, to select either a single harmonic or group of high-harmonics and thus an attosecond pulse train. In the perspective of circular dichroism experiments, we produce highly elliptical XUV radiation using resonant elliptical high-harmonic generation, and circularly polarized XUV by bichromatic bicircular high-harmonic generation. As a proof of principle experiment, we focus the XUV beam in a coincidence electron-ion imaging spectrometer, where we measure the photoelectron momentum angular distributions of xenon monomers and dimers.