cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Consuming identity : ritual dining in roman Britain
Creators: name: Hagler, Alexia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: This thesis seeks to explore how different modes of ritual dining in Roman Britain formed different ways of grouping-together. This work fills an important gap in the scholarship of religion in Roman Britain by moving away from the long-standing Romanization framework and towards a more nuanced understanding of the material evidence. This study also tests a recent framework posed by David Mattingly of a tripartite categorization of communities in Roman Britain as military, urban, or rural. The Carrawburgh mithraeum serves as the military case study, the site of Folly Lane in Verulamium as the urban case study, and the site of Higham Ferrers as the rural case study. The ceramic and faunal evidence from each of these sites is used to examine the chaîne opératoire of the practice of ritual dining within discrete stages of preparation, consumption, and disposal. The aim of this study is to prove that ritual dining as a practice is inseparable from and dependent upon the communities in which it is conducted. The top-down frameworks of Romanization or even Mattingly’s urban, rural, and military division are inadequate for examining situated practices like ritual dining. At the Carrawburgh mithraeum, worshippers used ritual dining to create hierarchical experiences and control access to certain rituals and information. At Folly Lane, worshippers used locally made, specialized vessels to commemorate a local hero/ancestor figure and his funerary rites that had been the catalyst for the resultant cult. At Higham Ferrers, worshippers made deliberate choices about meat and ceramic supply to the shrine to separate ritual meals from everyday dining. In each of these cases, worshippers made deliberate choices in how to conduct the practice of ritual dining that allowed them to construct, maintain, and negotiate their identity as a group, going beyond the limits imposed by previous frameworks.
Towards finding the right workload to process in memory
Creators: name: Gharavi, Niloofar
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: In modern computing systems, the memory wall challenge poses a significant obstacle to performance optimization. This challenge refers to the widening gap between CPU processing speeds and memory access speeds, which has become increasingly pronounced with advancements in CPU technology. As CPUs continue to accelerate in performance, the pace of improvement in memory access speeds has not kept up, leading to a bottleneck in data-intensive applications. Processing-in-Memory (PIM) emerges as a promising solution by bridging the gap between computation and data. However, the current architectural limitations, such as an incomplete set of instructions, and inter-processor communication, pose challenges in identifying workloads that yield significant performance benefits. In this thesis, we investigate four applications—image decoding, key-value lookups, data filtration, and text search—to discern the potential impact of PIM hardware. Our study reveals a spectrum of outcomes, ranging from best-case scenarios to worst-case scenarios for PIM-accelerated workloads. While the worst-case analysis demonstrates a potential increase in power consumption without a corresponding improvement in system throughput, the best-case scenarios illustrate a remarkable performance boost of up to 14 times. This research contributes valuable insights into the application of PIM for specific workloads, which helps better understand its potential benefits and limitations in varied data processing applications.
The Third US Naval Observatory CCD Astrograph Catalog (UCAC3)
Creators: name: Zacharias, N.
name: Finch, C.
name: Girard, T.
name: Hambly, N.
name: Wycoff, G.
name: Zacharias, M.
name: Castillo, D.
name: Corbin, T.
name: DiVittorio, M.
name: Dutta, S.
name: Gaume, R.
name: Gauss, S.
name: Germain, M.
name: Hall, D.
name: Hartkopf, W.
name: Hsu, D.
name: Holdenried, E.
name: Makarov, V.
name: Martines, M.
name: Mason, B.
name: Monet, D.
name: Rafferty, T.
name: Rhodes, A.
name: Siemers, T.
name: Smith, D.
name: Tilleman, T.
name: Urban, S.
name: Wieder, G.
name: Winter, L.
name: Young, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The third US Naval Observatory (USNO) CCD Astrograph Catalog, UCAC3 was released at the IAU General Assembly on 2009 August 10. It is the first all-sky release in this series and contains just over 100 million objects, about 95 million of them with proper motions, covering about R = 8 to 16 magnitudes. Current epoch positions are obtained from the observations with the 20 cm aperture USNO Astrograph's "red lens", equipped with a 4k by 4k CCD. Proper motions are derived by combining these observations with over 140 ground- and space-based catalogs, including Hipparcos/Tycho and the AC2000.2, as well as unpublished measures of over 5000 plates from other astrographs. For most of the faint stars in the Southern Hemisphere the Yale/San Juan first epoch plates from the SPM program (YSJ1) form the basis for proper motions. These data are supplemented by all-sky Schmidt plate survey astrometry and photometry obtained from the SuperCOSMOS project, as well as 2MASS near-IR photometry. Major differences of UCAC3 data as compared to UCAC2 include a completely new raw data reduction with improved control over systematic errors in positions, significantly improved photometry, slightly deeper limiting magnitude, coverage of the north pole region, greater completeness by inclusion of double stars and weak detections. This of course leads to a catalog which is not as "clean" as UCAC2 and problem areas are outlined for the user in this paper. The positional accuracy of stars in UCAC3 is about 15 to 100 mas per coordinate, depending on magnitude, while the errors in proper motions range from 1 to 10 mas/yr depending on magnitude and observing history, with a significant improvement over UCAC2 achieved due to the re-reduced SPM data and inclusion of more astrograph plate data unavailable at the time of UCAC2.
description: accepted by AJ, 24 pages, 34 figures, 3 tables
Vibrated granular gas confined by a piston
Creators: name: Brey, J. Javier
name: Ruiz-Montero, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The steady state of a vibrated granular gas confined by a movable piston on the top is discussed. Particular attention is given to the hydrodynamic boundary conditions to be used when solving the inelastic Navier-Stokes equations. The relevance of an exact general condition relating the grain fluxes approaching and moving away from each of the walls is emphasized. It is shown how it can be used to get a consistent hydrodynamic description of the boundaries. The obtained expressions for the fields do not contain any undetermined parameter. Comparison of the theoretical predictions with molecular dynamics simulation results is carried out, and a good agreement is observed for low density and not too large inelasticity. A practical way of introducing small finite density corrections to the dilute limit theory is proposed, to improve the accuracy of the theory.
Empirically Derived Integrated Stellar Yields of Fe-Peak Elements
Creators: name: Henry, R. B. C.
name: Cowan, John J.
name: Sobeck, Jennifer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here the initial results of a new study of massive star yields of Fe-peak elements. We have compiled from the literature a database of carefully determined solar neighborhood stellar abundances of seven iron-peak elements, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni and then plotted [X/Fe] versus [Fe/H] to study the trends as functions of metallicity. Chemical evolution models were then employed to force a fit to the observed trends by adjusting the input massive star metallicity-sensitive yields of Kobayashi et al. Our results suggest that yields of Ti, V, and Co are generally larger as well as anticorrelated with metallicity, in contrast to the Kobayashi et al. predictions. We also find the yields of Cr and Mn to be generally smaller and directly correlated with metallicity compared to the theoretical results. Our results for Ni are consistent with theory, although our model suggests that all Ni yields should be scaled up slightly. The outcome of this exercise is the computation of a set of integrated yields, i.e., stellar yields weighted by a slightly flattened time-independent Salpeter initial mass function and integrated over stellar mass, for each of the above elements at several metallicity points spanned by the broad range of observations. These results are designed to be used as empirical constraints on future iron-peak yield predictions by stellar evolution modelers. Special attention is paid to the interesting behavior of [Cr/Co] with metallicity -- these two elements have opposite slopes -- as well as the indirect correlation of [Ti/Fe] with [Fe/H]. These particular trends, as well as those exhibited by the inferred integrated yields of all iron-peak elements with metallicity, are discussed in terms of both supernova nucleosynthesis and atomic physics.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures; Accepted for Publication in the Astrophysical Journal
A First Look at Rotation in Inactive Late-Type M Dwarfs
Creators: name: West, Andrew A.
name: Basri, Gibor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have examined the relationship between rotation and activity in 14 late-type (M6-M7) M dwarfs, using high resolution spectra taken at the W.M. Keck Observatory and flux-calibrated spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Most were selected to be inactive at a spectral type where strong H-alpha emission is quite common. We used the cross-correlation technique to quantify the rotational broadening; six of the stars in our sample have vsini > 3.5 km/s. Our most significant and perplexing result is that three of these stars do not exhibit H-alpha emission, despite rotating at velocities where previous work has observed strong levels of magnetic field and stellar activity. Our results suggest that rotation and activity in late-type M dwarfs may not always be linked, and open several additional possibilities including a rotationally-dependent activity threshold, or a possible dependence on stellar parameters of the Rossby number at which magnetic/activity "saturation" takes place in fully convective stars.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Influence of water adsorbed on gold on van der Waals/Casimir forces
Creators: name: Palasantzas, G.
name: Svetovoy, V. B.
name: van Zwol, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the influence of ultra thin water layer (1-1.5 nm) on the van der Waals/Casimir force between gold surfaces. Adsorbed water is inevitably present on gold surfaces at ambient conditions as jump-up-to contact during adhesion experiments demonstrate. Calculations based on the Lifshitz theory give very good agreement with the experiment in absence of any water layer for surface separations d>10 nm. However, a layer of thickness h<1.5 nm is allowed by the error margin in force measurements. At shorter separations, d<10 nm, the water layer can have a strong influence as calculations show for flat surfaces. Nonetheless, in reality the influence of surface roughness must also be considered, and it can overshadow any water layer influence at separations comparable to the total sphere-plate rms roughness w_{shp}+w.
description: 8 pages, 5 figure, to be published in Phys. Rev. B
Additional file 1 of Changes in mental health across the COVID-19 pandemic for local and international university students in Australia: a cohort study
Creators: name: Russell, Melissa A.
name: Reavley, Nicola
name: Williams, Ian
name: Li, Wenjing
name: Tarzia, Laura
name: Chondros, Patty
name: Sanci, Lena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Additional analysis and supplementary tables.
The Capture of Trojan Asteroids by the Giant Planets During Planetary Migration
Creators: name: Lykawka, P. S.
name: Horner, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Of the four giant planets in the Solar system, only Jupiter and Neptune are currently known to possess swarms of Trojan asteroids - small objects that experience a 1:1 mean motion resonance with their host planet. In Lykawka et al. (2009), we performed extensive dynamical simulations, including planetary migration, to investigate the origin of the Neptunian Trojan population. Utilising the vast amount of simulation data obtained for that work, together with fresh results from new simulations, we here investigate the dynamical capture of Trojans by all four giant planets from a primordial trans-Neptunian disk. We find the likelihood of a given planetesimal from this region being captured onto an orbit within Jupiter's Trojan cloud lies between several times 10^-6 and 10^-5. For Saturn, the probability is found to be in the range <10^-6 to 10^-5, whilst for Uranus the probabilities range between 10^-5 and 10^-4. Finally, Neptune displays the greatest probability of Trojan capture, with values ranging between 10^-4 and 10^-3. Our results suggest that all four giant planets are able to capture and retain a significant population of Trojan objects from the disk by the end of planetary migration. As a result of encounters with the giant planets prior to Trojan capture, these objects tend to be captured on orbits that are spread over a wide range of orbital eccentricities and inclinations. The bulk of captured objects are to some extent dynamically unstable, and therefore the populations of these objects tend to decay over the age of the Solar System, providing an important ongoing source of new objects moving on dynamically unstable orbits among the giant planets. Given that a huge population of objects would be displaced by Neptune's outward migration (with a potential cumulative mass a number of times that of the Earth), we conclude that the surviving remnant of the Trojans captured during the migration of the outer planets might be sufficient to explain the currently known Trojan populations in the outer Solar system.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, MNRAS (in press)
Chi Values for Blue Emission Lines in M Dwarfs
Creators: name: West, Andrew A.
name: Hawley, Suzanne L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute chi values for blue emission lines in active M dwarfs. Using flux-calibrated spectra from nearby M dwarfs and spectral M dwarf templates from SDSS, we derive analytic relations that describe how the chi values for the CaII H and K as well as the H-beta, H-gamma, H-delta, H-epsilon and H8 Balmer emission lines vary as a function of spectral type and color. The chi values are useful for numerous M dwarf studies where the intrinsic luminosity of emission lines cannot be estimated due to uncertain distances and/or non-flux-calibrated spectra. We use these results to estimate the mean properties of blue emission lines in active field M dwarfs from SDSS.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, in November 2008 issue of PASP
Interpretable latent variable models for high-dimensional biological data analysis
Creators: name: Zhang, Yichen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: A latent variable model is a statistical model used to uncover the hidden patterns in the data. Matrix factorization and autoencoder are two widely used modeling frameworks for latent variable models. Matrix factorization-based methods represent data in a low-dimensional latent space where each latent dimension is explained by a weighted combination of the original features. While offering a straightforward interpretation of the latent space, these methods do not capture the non-linear structure of the data. On the other hand, artificial neural networks such as autoencoders have emerged as a powerful tool to summarize complex data structures through a series of non-linear transformations. However, the resulting latent representation often lacks a biological interpretation. In this dissertation, I develop three latent variable models to extract meaningful biological patterns from various datasets, using a hybrid structure of autoencoder and matrix factorization framework. The first model incorporates the domain knowledge of biological pathways into an autoencoder framework. I demonstrate that the proposed method can better retain the biological signals in the latent space and recover the underlying latent structure more accurately than a previous matrix-factorization-based approach. The second model builds a topic analysis tool for single-cell genomics, leveraging the variational autoencoder framework and latent topic model. The proposed topic model recovers cell clusters and cell-specific gene programs more accurately than conventional methods, such as principal component analysis and non-negative matrix factorization. Our results suggest that latent topics are suitable to capture cell-type-specific marker genes and recapitulate known immune cells in pancreatic cancer. Lastly, I extend this topic model to interpret dynamic changes in gene expression. The dynamic topic model uncovers short-term transcriptional dynamics from a plethora of spliced and unspliced single-cell RNA-sequencing counts. I demonstrate that modeling both types of RNA counts can improve robustness in statistical estimation and reveal new aspects of transcriptional dynamics that can be missed in previous analyses. In the latent space, I discovered that seven gene programs (topics) are highly correlated with cancer prognosis and generally enrich immune cell types and pathways.
Polarimetry of DG Tau at 350 microns
Creators: name: Krejny, M.
name: Matthews, T.
name: Novak, G.
name: Cho, J.
name: Li, H.
name: Shinnaga, H.
name: Vaillancourt, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first 350 micron polarization measurement for the disk of the T Tauri star (TTS) DG Tau. The data were obtained using the SHARP polarimeter at the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory. We did not detect polarization but we provide constraints on the normalized Stokes parameters q and u. We derive information about the polarization spectrum by comparing our 350 micron result with an 850 micron polarization detection previously published for this source. This empirical information concerning the polarization spectrum disagrees with the predictions of a recent model for TTS disk polarization. We conclude, however, that adding more mass to the model disk would probably result in model polarization spectra that agree much better with the 350 and 850 micron polarimetric observations. We suggest that multiwavelength polarimetry of TTS disk emission may provide a promising method for probing the opacity of TTS disks.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures, one table
Parsing of part-of-speech tagged Assamese Texts
Creators: name: Rahman, Mirzanur
name: Das, Sufal
name: Sharma, Utpal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A natural language (or ordinary language) is a language that is spoken, written, or signed by humans for general-purpose communication, as distinguished from formal languages (such as computer-programming languages or the "languages" used in the study of formal logic). The computational activities required for enabling a computer to carry out information processing using natural language is called natural language processing. We have taken Assamese language to check the grammars of the input sentence. Our aim is to produce a technique to check the grammatical structures of the sentences in Assamese text. We have made grammar rules by analyzing the structures of Assamese sentences. Our parsing program finds the grammatical errors, if any, in the Assamese sentence. If there is no error, the program will generate the parse tree for the Assamese sentence
description: International Journal of Computer Science Issues, IJCSI Volume 6, Issue 1, pp28-34, November 2009
Bäcklund Transformations and the Atiyah-Ward ansatz for Noncommutative Anti-Self-Dual Yang-Mills Equations
Creators: name: Gilson, Claire R.
name: Hamanaka, Masashi
name: Nimmo, Jonathan J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Backlund transformations for the noncommutative anti-self-dual Yang-Mills equation where the gauge group is G=GL(2) and use it to generate a series of exact solutions from a simple seed solution. The solutions generated by this approach are represented in terms of quasideterminants. We also explain the origins of all of the ingredients of the Backlund transformations within the framework of noncommutative twistor theory. In particular we show that the generated solutions belong to a noncommutative version of the Atiyah-Ward ansatz.
description: v2: 21 pages, published version
title: Dr. John H. Cross, PhD Oral History Interview Transcript
Creators: name: Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Publisher: name: University Archives, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814
Year: 2009
Subjects: classificationCode: 3
subject: FOS: Medical and health sciences
classificationCode: 6.1
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: USU Oral History Interview Transcript
Dr. John H. Cross, PhD
Professor, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics
06-25-2009
Interviewed by Emelie Rubin
Supplementary document for Theoretical analysis of multi-grating-based cross-dispersed spatial heterodyne spectrometer - 6373137.pdf
Creators: name: Chu, Qihang
name: Li, xiaotian
name: Sun, Yuqi
name: Jiri, galantu
name: ci, sun
name: chen, jun
name: li, fuguan
name: bayan, heshig
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Details of the calculation in conical diffraction and interferograms
The dynamics of unforced turbulence at high Reynolds number for Taylor-Green vortices generalized to MHD
Creators: name: Pouquet, A.
name: Lee, E.
name: Brachet, M. E.
name: Mininni, P. D.
name: Rosenberg, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study decaying magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) turbulence stemming from the evolution of the Taylor-Green (TG) flow generalized recently to MHD, with equal viscosity and magnetic resistivity and up to equivalent grid resolutions of 2048^3 points. A pseudo-spectral code is used in which the symmetries of the velocity and magnetic fields have been implemented, allowing for sizable savings in both computer time and usage of memory at a given Reynolds number. The flow is non-helical, and at initial time the kinetic and magnetic energies are taken to be equal and concentrated in the large scales. After testing the validity of the method on grids of 512^3 points, we analyze the data on the large grids up to Taylor Reynolds numbers of ~2200. We find that the global temporal evolution is accelerated in MHD, compared to the corresponding neutral fluid case. We also observe an interval of time when such configurations have quasi-constant total dissipation, time during which statistical properties are determined after averaging over of the order of two turn-over times. A weak turbulence spectrum obtains which is also given in terms of its anisotropic components. Finally, we contrast the development of small-scale eddies with two other initial conditions for the magnetic field and briefly discuss the structures that develop, and which display a complex array of current and vorticity sheets with clear rolling-up and folding.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures. Submitted to GAFD
Physics-Informed Learning for the Friction Modeling of High-Ratio Harmonic Drives
Creators: name: Sorrentino, Ines
name: Romualdi, Giulio
name: Bergonti, Fabio
name: ĽErario, Giuseppe
name: Traversaro, Silvio
name: Pucci, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a scalable method for friction identification in robots equipped with electric motors and high-ratio harmonic drives, utilizing Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINN). This approach eliminates the need for dedicated setups and joint torque sensors by leveraging the roboťs intrinsic model and state data. We present a comprehensive pipeline that includes data acquisition, preprocessing, ground truth generation, and model identification. The effectiveness of the PINN-based friction identification is validated through extensive testing on two different joints of the humanoid robot ergoCub, comparing its performance against traditional static friction models like the Coulomb-viscous and Stribeck-Coulomb-viscous models. Integrating the identified PINN-based friction models into a two-layer torque control architecture enhances real-time friction compensation. The results demonstrate significant improvements in control performance and reductions in energy losses, highlighting the scalability and robustness of the proposed method, also for application across a large number of joints as in the case of humanoid robots.
Searching for Higgs decays to four bottom quarks at LHCb
Creators: name: Kaplan, David E.
name: McEvoy, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the feasibility of seeing a Higgs boson which decays to four bottom quarks through a pair of (pseudo-)scalars at the LHCb experiment to argue that the use of b-physics triggers and off-line vertex reconstruction, as opposed to jet triggers with b tagging, may be more effective for this signal. Focusing on inclusive production for the Higgs, we find that for light scalar masses below 20 GeV, signal reconstruction efficiencies of order a few percent may be enough for LHCb to find evidence for a Higgs with a dominant 4b decay channel.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Ageing and Productivity: A Cross-Country Analysis of the Effects of Ageing Workforce on Economic Performance
Creators: name: Shayan Mujtaba
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Low Fertility Rates, Ageing Population, Productivity, Inflation

description: This study is a cross-country analysis of the effects of ageing workforce on economic performance in 13 OECD member countries. The study investigates the extent to which demographic factors, such as age distribution and retirement patterns, affect economic productivity in different countries. It provides insights into the challenges and opportunities associated with an ageing workforce and its impact on economic productivity. The study also suggests adopting preventive approaches to healthy ageing as the first step to improving the overall health status of the population.
Polarized endomorphisms of uniruled varieties (with Appendix by Y. Fujimoto and N. Nakayama)
Creators: name: Zhang, De-Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14E20, 14J45, 14E08, 32H50

description: We show that polarized endomorphisms of rationally connected threefolds with at worst terminal singularities are equivariantly built up from those on Q-Fano threefolds, Gorenstein log del Pezzo surfaces and P^1. Similar results are obtained for polarized endomorphisms of uniruled threefolds and fourfolds. As a consequence, we show that every smooth Fano threefold with a polarized endomorphism of degree > 1, is rational.
description: Compositio Mathematica (to appear)
InAs nanowire hot-electron Josephson transistor
Creators: name: Roddaro, S.
name: Pescaglini, A.
name: Ercolani, D.
name: Sorba, L.
name: Giazotto, F.
name: Beltram, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At a superconductor (S)-normal metal (N) junction pairing correlations can "leak-out" into the N region. This proximity effect [1, 2] modifies the system transport properties and can lead to supercurrent flow in SNS junctions [3]. Recent experimental works showed the potential of semiconductor nanowires (NWs) as building blocks for nanometre-scale devices [4-7], also in combination with superconducting elements [8-12]. Here, we demonstrate an InAs NW Josephson transistor where supercurrent is controlled by hot-quasiparticle injection from normal-metal electrodes. Operational principle is based on the modification of NW electron-energy distribution [13-20] that can yield reduced dissipation and high-switching speed. We shall argue that exploitation of this principle with heterostructured semiconductor NWs opens the way to a host of out-of-equilibrium hybrid-nanodevice concepts [7, 21].
description: 6 pages, 6 color figures
Prevalence and Knowledge of Scabies among the rural area of Lahore.pdf
Creators: name: Sohaib Akhtar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110701 Allergy
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background: Scabies is a preventable skin disease that usually affects lower socio-economic strata and people living in overcrowded surroundings. Scabies is a highly contagious disease and is a significant public health problem in the developing world, with a disproportionate burden in children living in poor, over-crowded tropical areas.Aims: To find out the prevalence of scabies in a rural area of Lahore and to identify the risk factors associated with the scabies.Methods: This Cross-Sectional study was conducted from 1st July to 15th August 2018. Non-Probability Convenience Sampling Technique was used.Results:- The findings of the study reflected that out of 135 households, most (58%) of the families were Nuclear, majority (55%) households comprised of 6-8 family members and almost in half of the families 3 or more family members shared a room. Most (54%) of the respondents had no knowledge regarding scabies, its mode of transmission and preventive measures, but the personal hygienic practices of the families in the area were good. Scabies cases were present in 21% households, while 79% households were free of scabies. The Prevalence for scabies found in the area was 8.8%. Around 58% scabies cases were children <18 years of age whereas 42% were adults. The study found that family size (overcrowding) was significantly associated with occurrence of the scabies.Conclusions: This study found that 21% households in the area have scabies cases. The study found 8.8% prevalence rate of scabies in Baddoki village, and the disease is more common among children < 18 years of age. Although personal hygiene practices of the families are good in the area, but the respondents have a limited knowledge about the disease, its mode of transmission and preventive measures against it. The study highlighted a need of creating awareness regarding scabies at the community level.
Essays in labour economics
Creators: name: Sacchi De Carvalho, Marcelo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: This dissertation is composed of three essays in Labour Economics. The first two essays evaluate wage determination, while the third evaluates how production and labour demand decisions are related. Chapter 2 uses quasi-experimental variation to show that firm-specific positive demand shocks increase wages. It also uses unique variation to disentangle predictions coming from two non-competitive wage setting models, wage bargaining and wage posting (firms facing a positively-sloped labour supply curve). The results point towards the presence of bargaining, but do not let us rule out that wage posting is also present. Chapter 3 investigates how high-ability bosses affect the wages of other workers in the same firm, using an estimator adapted from the peer effects literature. The estimates show that in small town markets and in labour markets defined by knowledge-intensive skills, the estimated effect is negative and statistically significant, which suggests that in these markets high-ability bosses are the ones that are able to decrease wages. In the market for low-skilled service sector workers, instead, the effect is small and not statistically significant, which is consistent with this labour market being more competitive. Chapter 4 investigates how the composition of a firm’s revenue in terms of products relates to the composition of its payroll in terms of occupations. Firms that are more specialized in the product market are found to also be more specialized, and changes in revenue composition are accompanied by changes in payroll composition. It is also shown that, for firms whose revenue composition remains relatively unchanged, higher revenue growth is accompanied by larger changes in payroll composition.
Using Magnetic Activity and Galactic Dynamics to Constrain the Ages of M Dwarfs
Creators: name: West, Andrew A.
name: Hawley, Suzanne L.
name: Bochanski, John J.
name: Covey, Kevin R.
name: Burgasser, Adam J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the dynamics and magnetic activity of M dwarfs using the largest spectroscopic sample of low-mass stars ever assembled. The age at which strong surface magnetic activity (as traced by H-alpha) ceases in M dwarfs has been inferred to have a strong dependence on mass (spectral type, surface temperature) and explains previous results showing a large increase in the fraction of active stars at later spectral types. Using spectral observations of more than 40000 M dwarfs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we show that the fraction of active stars decreases as a function of vertical distance from the Galactic plane (a statistical proxy for age), and that the magnitude of this decrease changes significantly for different M spectral types. Adopting a simple dynamical model for thin disk vertical heating, we assign an age for the activity decline at each spectral type, and thus determine the activity lifetimes for M dwarfs. In addition, we derive a statistical age-activity relation for each spectral type using the dynamical model, the vertical distance from the Plane and the H-alpha emission line luminosity of each star (the latter of which also decreases with vertical height above the Galactic plane).
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the proceedings of IAU 258: The Ages of Stars
Status of the Hadronic tau Decay Determination of |V_{us}|
Creators: name: Maltman, K.
name: Wolfe, C. E.
name: Banerjee, S.
name: Nugent, I. M.
name: Roney, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We update the hadronic tau determination of |V_{us}|, showing that current strange branching fractions produce results 2-3 sigma lower than 3-family unitarity expectations. Issues related to the size of theoretical uncertainties and results from an alternate, mixed tau-electroproduction sum rule determination (which, by construction, produces a much smaller theoretical uncertainty), are also considered.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Talk presented at the 10th International Workshop on Tau Lepton Physics (TAU08), Novosibirsk, Russia, 22-25 September, 2008
Additional file 3 of Is prior cancer history a hindrance for non-small cell lung cancer patients to participate in clinical trials?
Creators: name: Cai, Jing-Sheng
name: Li, Yun
name: Wang, Xun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3.
Signal partitioning in superfluid ${}^4$He: a Monte Carlo approach
Creators: name: Toschi, Francesco
name: Brunold, Axel
name: Burmeister, Lea
name: Eitel, Klaus
name: Enss, Christian
name: Fascione, Eleanor
name: Ferber, Torben
name: Gabriel, Rahel
name: Hauswald, Lena
name: Kahlhoefer, Felix
name: Kempf, Sebastian
name: Klute, Markus
name: von Krosigk, Belina
name: Lindemann, Sebastian
name: Maier, Benedikt
name: Schumann, Marc
name: Solmaz, Melih
name: Valerius, Kathrin
name: Wagner, Friedrich Carl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superfluid ${}^4$He is an ideal candidate for the direct detection of light dark matter via nuclear recoils thanks to its low nuclear mass and the possibility to reach a low detection energy threshold by exploiting the generated quasiparticles. The design of future detectors based on this target, such as the DELight experiment, requires a proper understanding of the formation and partitioning of the signal for different energy depositions from various sources. This work presents an overview of the physical processes involved in the energy deposition of recoiling electrons and ions, and describes a Monte Carlo approach to the partitioning of the signal into different channels. Despite an overall good agreement with existing literature, differences in the region of interest for light dark matter searches below 200 eV are observed.
description: Figure 12 and reference 24 updated, no change of outcome
Association Rule Pruning based on Interestingness Measures with Clustering
Creators: name: Kannan, S.
name: Bhaskaran, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Association rule mining plays vital part in knowledge mining. The difficult task is discovering knowledge or useful rules from the large number of rules generated for reduced support. For pruning or grouping rules, several techniques are used such as rule structure cover methods, informative cover methods, rule clustering, etc. Another way of selecting association rules is based on interestingness measures such as support, confidence, correlation, and so on. In this paper, we study how rule clusters of the pattern Xi - Y are distributed over different interestingness measures.
description: International Journal of Computer Science Issues, IJCSI Volume 6, Issue 1, pp35-43, November 2009
Political uncertainty, regulatory change and the behaviour of Chinese listed firms
Creators: name: Shu, Caixia
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Political uncertainty
subject: Regulatory change
subject: Behaviour of Chinese listed firms
subject: HG4249.S5
subject: Corporations--China--Finance
subject: China--Politics and government--21st century

description: This thesis investigates the impact of political uncertainty and regulatory change on the behaviour of Chinese listed firms. In Chapter 2, the impact of political uncertainty on corporate cash holdings of private Chinese firms is investigated. The ascent to power of President Xi and resultant political uncertainty caused by the unexpected removal of ten provincial leaders is used as a setting. The results suggest that corporate cash holdings increase for private firms located in provinces where changes to political leadership took place relative to counterparts where no such change occurred. The observed increase is more pronounced for firms with higher levels of bank debt and substantive agency conflicts. In Chapter 3, the impact of board independence on dividend payouts is investigated. The 2001 ‘Guideline for The Establishment of Independent Director System in Chinese Listed Companies’ is used as an exogenous shock. This guideline required that at least one-third of the corporate board be composed of independent directors. The results suggest that dividend payouts increase at affected firms (those with fewer than one-third independent directors at the time when the 2001 regulation was enacted). This is more pronounced for firms, which have independent directors with multiple directorships. In Chapter 4, the impact of academic independent directors on green innovation is investigated. A policy change (the implementation of the ‘Notice on the Special Inspection of the Part-time Positions of Party and Government Leading Cadres in Enterprises’ in 2015) which mandated the resignations from corporate boards of many senior academics with administrative roles in universities is used as a setting. The results suggest that the resignation of academic independent directors leads to a decrease of green innovation. The observed decrease is more pronounced for firms where female academics, academics with overseas experiences and industrial expertise, and academics employed at top-ranking universities resigned.
Margin-closed and regime-switching multivariate time series models
Creators: name: Zhang, Lin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Multivariate time series models are widely applied in many fields. The traditional multivariate time series models have some drawbacks in high dimensions. These include the large parameter set, interpretation of parameters, and possibly lack of flexibility in modeling and analyzing marginal distributions. The contributions of this thesis are (a) finding conditions under which any sub-process of a vector autoregressive (VAR) process is also autoregressive and has the same Markov order as the original process; (b) building multivariate regime-switching models whose sub-processes are regime-switching processes having the same Markov order as the original process; (c) studying autoregressive models with explanatory variables, with application to scenario analysis in finance. For modeling using copulas, it is typical to first model univariate margins and then the multivariate dependence between the marginal components. We derive the conditions for when multivariate stationary Gaussian vector autoregressive (VAR) time series have lower-dimensional VAR or AR margins. The property allows one to fit the sub-processes of multivariate time series before assembling them by fitting the dependence between the sub-processes. The use of the conditions for closure under margins also leads to models with fewer parameters than unrestricted VAR models The margin-closed Gaussian VAR models can be extended to margin-closed regime-switching multivariate time series models. This is useful when regime switches are rare and the state of the regime is constant over stretches of time. In each regime, the margin-closed regime-switching models have non-Gaussian univariate margins for each univariate component and the multivariate Gaussian copula of the stationary joint distribution of a margin-closed VAR model. The property of closure under margins enables a multi-stage estimation procedure and inference on the latent regimes based on lower-dimensional selected sub-processes. A scenario analysis is performed for time series of the estimated distance to default of companies, based on the margin-closed regime-switching multivariate time series model. The autoregressive exogenous input (ARX) models are fit to the distance to default and macroeconomic explanatory variables in poor macroeconomic condition. Based on the estimated ARX models, the scenario analysis investigates the behavior of the average distance to default by sectors under stressful macroeconomic conditions.
Feast and Famine: Regulation of Black Hole Growth in Low Redshift Galaxies
Creators: name: Kauffmann, Guinevere
name: Heckman, Timothy M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the observed distribution of Eddington ratios as a function of supermassive black hole mass for a large sample of nearby galaxies drawn from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We demonstrate that there are two distinct regimes of black hole growth in nearby galaxies. The first is associated with galaxies with significant star formation in their central kiloparsec regions, and is characterized by a broad log-normal distribution of accretion rates peaked at about one percent of the Eddington limit. In this regime, the Eddington ratio distribution is independent of the mass of the black hole and shows no further dependence on the central stellar population of the galaxy. The second regime is associated with galaxies with old central stellar populations, and is characterized by a power-law distribution function of Eddington ratios. In this regime, the time-averaged mass accretion rate onto black holes is proportional to the mass of stars in the galaxy bulge, with a constant of proportionality that depends on the mean stellar age of the stars. This result is once again independent of black hole mass. We show that both the slope of the power-law and the decrease in the accretion rate onto black holes in old galaxies are consistent with population synthesis model predictions of the decline in stellar mass loss rates as a function of mean stellar age. Our results lead to a very simple picture of black hole growth in the local Universe. If the supply of cold gas in a galaxy bulge is plentiful, the black hole regulates its own growth at a rate that does not further depend on the properties of the interstellar medium. Once the gas runs out, black hole growth is regulated by the rate at which evolved stars lose their mass.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, accepted by MNRAS (revised version incorporates an improved correction for star formation contribution to L[OIII])