cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spin polarized electron-positron pair production via elliptical polarized laser fields
Creators: name: Wöllert, Anton
name: Bauke, Heiko
name: Keitel, Christoph H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study nonperturbative multiphoton electron-positron pair creation in ultrastrong electromagnetic fields formed by two counterpropagating pulses with elliptic polarization. Our numerical approach allows us to take into account the temporal as well as the spatial variation of the standing electromagnetic field. The spin and momentum resolved pair creation probabilities feature characteristic Rabi oscillations and resonance spectra. Therefore, each laser frequency features a specific momentum distribution of the created particles. We find that, depending on the relative polarization of both pulses, the created electrons may be spin polarized along the direction of field propagation.
Der Heilige Stuhl und die Abrüstung
Creators: name: Trettner, Heinz
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 7 Nr. 2 (1978): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 7, Heft 2
On the Effective Metric of a Planck Star
Creators: name: De Lorenzo, Tommaso
name: Pacilio, Costantino
name: Rovelli, Carlo
name: Speziale, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spacetime metrics describing `non-singular' black holes are commonly studied in the literature as effective modification to the Schwarzschild solution that mimic quantum gravity effects removing the central singularity. Here we point out that to be physically plausible, such metrics should also incorporate the 1-loop quantum corrections to the Newton potential and a non-trivial time delay between an observer at infinity and an observer in the regular center. We present a modification of the well-known Hayward metric that features these two properties. We discuss bounds on the maximal time delay imposed by conditions on the curvature, and the consequences for the weak energy condition, in general violated by the large transversal pressures introduced by the time delay.
description: 10 pages, many figures; v2 added references
Nicotine Replacement and Behavioral Therapy for Smoking Cessation in Pregnancy
Creators: name: Peterson, Bercedis L.
name: Heine, R. Phillips
name: Fish, Laura
name: Lyna, Pauline
name: Oncken, Cheryl A.
name: Lipkus, Isaac M.
name: Pollak, Kathryn I.
name: Pletsch, Pamela K.
name: Swamy, Geeta K.
name: Brouwer, Rebecca J. Namenek
name: Myers, Evan R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: This study examines whether adding nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for pregnant smokers increases rates of smoking cessation.
title: Coarctation of aorta : A surgical journey
Creators: name: Shaikhrezai, Kasra
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Coarctation of aorta, coarctation repair, surgical outcomes.

description: Since my placement as a trainee at Royal Hospital for Children, I became interested in pathophysiology of coarctation of aorta. It may seem a simple pathology which narrow the aortic lumen in distal arch but the story behind this simple pathology is more complex. In fact I was fascinated by the surgical repair techniques and it did not take long after expressing interest to find out “which technique is the best?”, I realised that this has been a historical question at least for the past 50 years. The review of coarctation repair in Scotland and evaluation of outcomes soon became operational while there was no previous such a regional study. Retrieving and reviewing of echocardiography images followed by measuring aortic parameters despite challenges soon became an exciting investigation. The systematic review of the literature was also a fascinating journey through the history where finding an answer for many questions on coarctation of aorta was challenged by a high degree of heterogeneity not only in the study design itself but also in the practice of the individual reporting institution. Apprising historical papers and studies from different part of the world was a rewarding experience; although the result of the search for the best technique was inconclusive. The “Future” Chapter is basically the conclusion of my journey with coarctation of aorta in this thesis. By observing current breakthroughs in technology and evolving computational modelling, the future of coarctation surgery has already been shaped. Maybe we have been looking for an answer for a historical question which probably should been made differently: “which technique is the best for which patient?”
Availability of Recreational Resources in Minority and Low Socioeconomic Status Areas
Creators: name: Moore, Latetia V.
name: Brines, Shannon J.
name: Diez Roux, Ana V.
name: Evenson, Kelly R.
name: McGinn, Aileen P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Differences in availability of recreational resources may contribute to racial and SES disparities in physical activity. Variations in the location and density of recreational resources were examined by SES and racial composition of neighborhoods.
Material and psychological financial hardship related to employment disruption among female adolescent and young adult cancer survivors
Creators: name: Nichols, H.B.
name: Chao, C.R.
name: Anderson, C.
name: Kushi, L.H.
name: Edwards, T.P.
name: Baggett, C.D.
name: Meernik, C.
name: Deal, A.M.
name: Kirchhoff, A.C.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2020

description: Background: The importance of addressing adverse financial effects of cancer among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) is paramount as survival improves. In the current study, the authors examined whether cancer-related employment disruption was associated with financial hardship among female AYA cancer survivors in North Carolina and California. Methods: AYA cancer survivors identified through the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry and the Kaiser Permanente Northern/Southern California tumor registries responded to an online survey. Disrupted employment was defined as reducing hours, taking temporary leave, or stopping work completely because of cancer. Financial hardship was defined as material conditions or psychological distress related to cancer. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used to characterize the invited sample and survey respondents. Marginal structural binomial regression models were used to estimate prevalence differences (PDs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results: Among 1328 women employed at the time of their diagnosis, women were a median age of 34 years at the time of diagnosis and 7 years from diagnosis at the time of the survey and approximately 32% experienced employment disruption. A substantial percentage reported financial hardship related to material conditions (27%) or psychological distress (50%). In adjusted analyses, women with disrupted employment had a 17% higher burden of material conditions (95% CI, 10%-23%) and an 8% higher burden of psychological distress (95% CI, 1%-16%) compared with those without disruption. Conclusions: Financial hardship related to employment disruption among female AYA cancer survivors can be substantial. Interventions to promote job maintenance and transition back to the workforce after treatment, as well as improved workplace accommodations and benefits, present an opportunity to improve cancer survivorship.
Optimized pulse shapes for a resonator-induced phase gate
Creators: name: Cross, Andrew W.
name: Gambetta, Jay M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The resonator-induced phase gate is a multi-qubit controlled-phase gate for fixed-frequency superconducting qubits. Through off-resonant driving of a bus resonator, statically coupled qubits acquire a state-dependent phase. However, photon loss leads to dephasing during the gate, and any residual entanglement between the resonator and qubits after the gate leads to decoherence. Here we consider how to shape the drive pulse to minimize these unwanted effects. First, we review how the gate's entangling and dephasing rates depend on the system parameters and validate closed-form solutions against direct numerical solution of a master equation. Next, we propose spline pulse shapes that reduce residual qubit-bus entanglement, are robust to imprecise knowledge of the resonator shift, and can be shortened by using higher-degree polynomials. Finally, we present a procedure that optimizes over the subspace of pulses that leave the resonator unpopulated. This finds shaped drive pulses that further reduce the gate duration. Assuming realistic parameters, we exhibit shaped pulses that have the potential to realize ~212 ns spline pulse gates and ~120 ns optimized gates with ~6e-4 average gate infidelity. These examples do not represent fundamental limits of the gate and in principle even shorter gates may be achievable.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Die beiden Aspekte der Gerechtigkeit in der Bergpredigt
Creators: name: Feuillet, André
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 7 Nr. 2 (1978): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 7, Heft 2
COB: A Core Ontology for Biology
Creators: name: Mungall, Christopher J
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: OBO
upper-ontology
COB
BFO
bio-ontologies
ontology-summit

description: Ontologies are crucial for the life sciences, where it’s necessary to categorize and organize the many different kinds of entities being studied, from the molecular level through to the organism and ecosystem level. The Common Ontology for Biology (COB) is an upper ontology intended for this purpose. It is designed to interoperate with other upper ontologies that are part of the Open Bio Ontologies (OBO) framework, including the Relation Ontology (RO) and the Basic Formal Ontology (BFO), providing domain-scientist friendly terms and intuitive groupings.
Childhood Obesity Prevention and Treatment Recommendations for Future Research
Creators: name: Pratt, Charlotte A.
name: Daniels, Stephen
name: Stevens, June
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: This report summarizes the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group’s recommendations on future research directions in childhood obesity prevention and treatment. The Working Group consisted of leaders and representatives from public and private academic and medical institutions with expertise in a variety of health specialties. They reviewed the literature and discussed the findings as well as their own experiences in the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity. The Working Group made recommendations that were based on scientific importance, the potential likelihood of public health impact, and the feasibility and timeliness for childhood obesity prevention and treatment research. These recommendations are intended to assist investigators in the development of research agendas to advance the knowledge of effective childhood obesity prevention and treatment.
County-level associations between tobacco retailer density and smoking prevalence in the USA, 2012
Creators: name: Ribisl, K.M.
name: Baggett, C.D.
name: Kuo, T.-M.
name: Henriksen, L.
name: Golden, S.D.
name: Kong, A.Y.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2020

description: We examine whether county-level tobacco retailer density and adult smoking prevalence are positively associated in the United States and determine whether associations differ in metropolitan vs. nonmetropolitan counties. We merged a list of likely tobacco retailers from the 2012 National Establishment Time-Series with smoking prevalence data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System for 2828 US counties, as well as state tobacco policy information and county-level demographic data for the same year. We modeled adult smoking prevalence as a function of tobacco retailer density, accounting for clustering of counties within states. Average density in US counties was 1.25 retailers per 1000 people (range = 0.3–4.5). Smoking prevalence was 0.86 percentage points higher in the most retailer-dense counties, compared to the least. This association, however, was only significant for metropolitan counties. Metropolitan counties in the highest tobacco retailer density quartile had smoking prevalence levels that were 1.9 percentage points higher than metropolitan counties in the lowest density quartile. Research should examine whether policies limiting the quantity, type and location of tobacco retailers could reduce smoking prevalence.
Cosmic Ray Transport with Magnetic Focusing and the "Telegraph" model
Creators: name: Malkov, Mikhail
name: Sagdeev, Roald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic rays (CR), constrained by scattering on magnetic irregularities, are believed to propagate diffusively. But a well-known defect of diffusive approximation whereby some of the particles propagate unrealistically fast has directed interest towards an alternative CR transport model based on the "telegraph" equation. However, its derivations often lack rigor and transparency leading to inconsistent results. We apply the classic Chapman-Enskog method to the CR transport problem. We show that no "telegraph" (second order time derivative) term emerges in any order of a proper asymptotic expansion with systematically eliminated short time scales. Nevertheless, this term may formally be\emph{ converted} from the \emph{fourth} order hyper-diffusive term of the expansion. But, both the telegraph and hyperdiffusive terms may only be important for a short relaxation period associated with either strong pitch-angle anisotropy or spatial inhomogeneity of the initial CR distribution. Beyond this period the system evolves diffusively in both cases. The term conversion, that makes the telegraph and Chapman-Enskog approaches reasonably equivalent, is possible only after this relaxation period. During this period, the telegraph solution is argued to be unphysical. Unlike the hyperdiffusion correction, it is not uniformly valid and introduces implausible singular components to the solution. These dominate the solution during the relaxation period. As they are shown not to be inherent in the underlying scattering problem, we argue that the telegraph term is involuntarily acquired in an asymptotic reduction of the problem.
description: 26 pages, no figures, significantly extended since V.1
title: Τρισδιάστατη σχεδίαση μηχανολογικών τεμαχίων και των κατασκευαστικών σχεδίων τους σε σύστημα cad
title: 3D design of mechanical parts in cad system and their mechanical drawings
Creators: name: Γαϊτανης Ηλιας
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2022

description: Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία γίνεται αρχικά αναφορά στις μαθηματικές μεθοδολογίες που δημιουργήθηκαν, ακόμα και από τα αρχαία χρόνια, που βοήθησαν στην αντίληψη της γεωμετρίας και των συντεταγμένων. Στην συνέχεια παρουσιάζονται οι λόγοι που οδήγησαν στον σχεδιασμό των υπολογιστών που είναι και αναπόσπαστο κομμάτι της δημιουργίας, του αρχικά δισδιάστου και στην συνέχεια τρισδιάστατου σχεδιασμού καθώς και από ποιές πλευρές της κοινωνίας έγινε η έρευνα της δημιουργίας αυτών των λογισμικών. Επίσης γίνεται αναφορά στην εξέλιξη των συστημάτων αυτών, με τους τρόπους που απεικονίζονται τα σχεδιαζόμενα αντικείμενα καθώς παρουσιάζονται και αλγόριθμοι που βοήθησαν να ξεπεράσουν προβλήματα που προέκυψαν στην απεικόνιση τους. Για την καλύτερη κατανόηση των δυνατοτήτων της τρισδιάστατης μοντελοποίησης και των συστημάτων CAD παρουσιάζεται η κατασκευή ποικίλων τρισδιάστατων τεμαχίων καθώς και τα μηχανολογικά τους σχέδια.
Παρουσίαζεται, εκτός από την τρισδιάστατη σχεδίαση και η τρισδιάστατη εκτύπωση. Επιπρόσθετα γίνεται παρουσίαση κάποιων από τα βασικά σύγχρονα συστήματα τρισδιάστατης μοντελοποίησης με τις δυνατότητες τους. Τέλος γίνεται αναφορά της εκπαιδευτικής εφαρμογής “agmAR” του Άγγελου Μαρινάκη που σε συνδιασμό με το εκπαιδευτικό σύγγραμα του Κ. Αριστομένη Αντωνιάδη εισάγει τους σπουδαστές του σε μία καινοτόμα διαδραστική εκπαιδευτική διαδικασία.
On magnetic equilibria in barotropic stars
Creators: name: Armaza, C.
name: Reisenegger, A.
name: Valdivia, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Upper main sequence stars, white dwarfs and neutron stars are known to possess stable, large-scale magnetic fields. Numerical works have confirmed that stable MHD equilibria can exist in non-barotropic, stably stratified stars. On the other hand, it is unclear whether stable equilibria are possible in barotropic stars, although the existing evidence suggests that they are all unstable. This work aims to construct barotropic equilibria in order to study their properties, as a first step to test their stability. We have assumed that the star is a perfectly conducting, axially symmetric fluid, allowing for both poloidal and toroidal components of the magnetic field. In addition, we made the astrophysically justified assumption that the magnetic force has a negligible influence on the fluid structure, in which case the equilibrium is governed by the Grad-Shafranov equation, involving two arbitrary functions of the poloidal flux. We built a numerical code to solve this equation, allowing for an arbitrary prescription for these functions. Taking particularly simple, but physically reasonable choices for these functions with a couple of adjustable parameters, all of the equilibria found present only a small ($\lesssim 10\%{}$) fraction of the magnetic energy stored in the toroidal component, confirming previous results. We developed an analytical model in order to study in more detail the behavior of the magnetic energy over the full range of parameters. The model confirms that the toroidal fraction of the energy and the ratio of toroidal to poloidal flux are bounded from above for the whole range of parameters.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Patient/Provider Discussions about Clinical Trial Participation and Reasons for Nonparticipation among Adolescent and Young Adult Women with Cancer
Creators: name: Smitherman, A.B.
name: Anderson, C.
name: Baggett, C.D.
name: Nichols, H.B.
name: Meernik, C.
name: Edwards, T.P.
name: Deal, A.M.
name: Cannizzaro, N.
name: Chao, C.
Publisher: name: Mary Ann Liebert Inc.
Year: 2020

description: Purpose: Clinical trial enrollment is low among adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer and may contribute to inferior survival gains in recent years in this population compared with other age groups. We investigated clinical trial participation among AYA women with cancer, and examined whether patients discussed clinical trial participation with their doctor and reasons for nonparticipation. Methods: Women with a diagnosis of breast cancer, thyroid cancer, melanoma, lymphoma, or gynecologic cancer at ages 15-39 years during 2004-2016 were identified from the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry and the Kaiser Permanente Southern California health system. During 2018-2019, a total of 1264 eligible women completed an online survey (response = 13%), which examined survivorship issues among AYAs. Results: Overall, 5% of participants reported that they had participated in a clinical trial. Most women reported that they had not discussed clinical trial participation with a medical provider (76%) and that they did not know whether a relevant trial was available for their cancer (73%). Among those who knew that a trial was available but did not participate, the most commonly reported reasons for nonparticipation included concerns about side effects of the treatment in the trial and concerns that the treatment had not been sufficiently tested. Conclusion: Only a small proportion of AYA women with cancer in our cohort reported discussing a clinical trial with a provider or knowing whether a relevant trial was available. Our findings point to opportunities to improve patient/provider communication to increase clinical trial enrollment among AYAs with cancer.
Effect of guide field on three dimensional electron shear flow instabilities in collisionless magnetic reconnection
Creators: name: Jain, Neeraj
name: Büchner, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the effect of an external guide field and current sheet thickness on the growth rates and nature of three dimensional unstable modes of an electron current sheet driven by electron shear flow. The growth rate of the fastest growing mode drops rapidly with current sheet thickness but increases slowly with the strength of the guide field. The fastest growing mode is tearing type only for thin current sheets (half thickness $\approx d_e$, where $d_e=c/ω_{pe}$ is electron inertial length) and zero guide field. For finite guide field or thicker current sheets, fastest growing mode is non-tearing type. However growth rates of the fastest 2-D tearing mode and 3-D non-tearing mode are comparable for thin current sheets ($d_e < $half thickness $ < 2\,d_e$) and small guide field (of the order of the asymptotic value of the component of magnetic field supporting electron current sheet). It is shown that the general mode resonance conditions for electron-magnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) tearing modes depend on the effective dissipation mechanism (electron inertia and resistivity in cases of EMHD and MHD, respectively). The usual tearing mode resonance condition ($\mathbf{k}.\mathbf{B}_0=0$, $\mathbf{k}$ is the wave vector and $\mathbf{B}_0$ is equilibrium magnetic field) can be recovered from the general resonance conditions in the limit of weak dissipation. Necessary conditions (relating current sheet thickness, strength of the guide field and wave numbers) for the existence of tearing mode are obtained from the general mode resonance conditions.
description: The following article has been submitted to Physics of Plasmas. After it is published, it will be found at http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/pop. Authors gratefully acknowledges the support of the German Science Foundation CRC 963
Promoting Physical Activity in Middle School Girls: Trial of Activity for Adolescent Girls
Creators: name: Lohman, Timothy G.
name: Elder, John P.
name: Lytle, Leslie A.
name: Pratt, Charlotte A.
name: Young, Deborah R.
name: Stevens, June
name: Catellier, Diane J.
name: Webber, Larry S.
name: Jobe, Jared B.
name: Murray, David M.
name: Pate, Russell R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Physical activity is important for weight control and good health; however, activity levels decline in the adolescent years, particularly in girls.
Kirchliche Dienste - wie kirchlich müssen die Diener sein?
Creators: name: Verweyen, Hansjürgen
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 7 Nr. 1 (1978): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 7, Heft 1
Weight Loss During the Intensive Intervention Phase of the Weight-Loss Maintenance Trial
Creators: name: Hollis, Jack F.
name: Samuel-Hodge, Carmen
name: Gullion, Christina M.
name: Champagne, Catherine M.
name: Brantley, Phillip J.
name: Loria, Catherine M.
name: Vollmer, William M.
name: Svetkey, Laura P.
name: Ard, Jamy D.
name: Laferriere, Daniel
name: Stevens, Victor J.
name: Appel, Lawrence J.
name: Dalcin, Arlene
name: Funk, Kristine
name: Lin, Pao-Hwa
name: Erlinger, Thomas P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: To improve methods for long-term weight management, the Weight Loss Maintenance (WLM) trial, a four-center randomized trial, was conducted to compare alternative strategies for maintaining weight loss over a 30-month period. This paper describes methods and results for the initial 6-month weight-loss program (Phase I).
title: Ukraine and the new frontier of East-West relations : dynamics of regional and pan-European policy evolution.
Creators: name: Patterson Moroney, Jennifer D
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: This thesis examines Ukraine's multi-vector foreign policy orientation and its causes. The dynamics of political evolution in Ukrainian domestic politics are also considered and it is argued that Ukraine's foreign and security policy can be characterised as subjective, pragmatic and evolutionary, but also marked to a large degree by continuity. Moreover, this project investigates the extent to which Ukraine's foreign policy is influenced by its geopolitical position between Russia and the West. It is suggested that a new East-West frontier is emerging between those states which have been invited to join key Western institutions such as the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) and the European Union (EU) and those which have not. This thesis explains that the definition of what constitutes a modem frontier is in the midst of change; it is widening and narrowing, while undergoing erosion with respect to many issues and reinforcement with respect to others. The frontier, as such, resembles a 'third level' of analysis- it is neither the domestic nor the international arena, rather it is a place where crucial political developments unfold and where domestic and foreign politics converge. It is argued that Europe's frontier is differentiated by a lack of mechanisms in a rather structure-less geopolitical space through which authority is exercised. Although some regional structures have begun to emerge and develop a basis for exercising authority in various sectors such as energy and regional trade relations, the frontier is still under-organised. Furthermore, due to the processes of globalisation, transnationalism, and interdependence many regional frontiers in the world are softening and in some cases, even disappearing, as globalisation has tended to reverse the inclination to solidify borders. However, this thesis argues that in Europe the opposite is occurring; the frontier in Europe is not only widening, it also appears to be hardening.
Primordial black holes as biased tracers
Creators: name: Tada, Yuichiro
name: Yokoyama, Shuichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Primordial black holes (PBHs) are theoretical black holes which may be formed during the radiation dominant era and, basically, caused by the gravitational collapse of radiational overdensities. It has been well known that in the context of the structure formation in our Universe such collapsed objects, e.g., halos/galaxies, could be considered as bias tracers of underlying matter fluctuations and the halo/galaxy bias has been studied well. Employing a peak-background split picture which is known to be a useful tool to discuss the halo bias, we consider the large scale clustering behavior of the PBH and propose an almost mass-independent constraint to the scenario that dark matters (DMs) consist of PBHs. We consider the case where the statistics of the primordial curvature perturbations is almost Gaussian, but with small local-type non-Gaussianity. If PBHs account for the DM abundance, such a large scale clustering of PBHs behaves as nothing but the matter isocurvature perturbation and constrained strictly by the observations of cosmic microwave backgrounds (CMB). From this constraint, we show that, in the case a certain single field causes both CMB temperature perturbations and PBH formations, the PBH-DM scenario is excluded even with quite small local-type non-Gaussianity, $|f_\mathrm{NL}|\sim\mathcal{O}(0.01)$, while we give the constraints to parameters in the case where the source field of PBHs is different from CMB perturbations.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, v2: accepted ver
A Walk (or Cycle) to the Park
Creators: name: Lewis, Cora E.
name: Boone-Heinonen, Janne
name: Jacobs, David R.
name: Sternfeld, Barbara
name: Gordon-Larsen, Penny
name: Sidney, Stephen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Building on known associations between active commuting and reduced cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, this study examines active transit to neighborhood amenities and differences between walking versus cycling for transportation.
Resonant Clumping and Substructure in Galactic Discs
Creators: name: Molloy, Matthew
name: Smith, Martin C.
name: Shen, Juntai
name: Evans, N. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a method to extract resonant orbits from N-body simulations exploiting the fact that they close in a frame rotating with a constant pattern speed. Our method is applied to the N-body simulation of the Milky Way by Shen et al. (2010). This simulation hosts a massive bar, which drives strong resonances and persistent angular momentum exchange. Resonant orbits are found throughout the disc, both close to the bar itself and out to the very edges of the disc. Using Fourier spectrograms, we demonstrate that the bar is driving kinematic substructure even in the very outer parts of the disc. We identify two major orbit families in the outskirts of the disc that make significant contributions to the kinematic landscape, namely the m:l = 3:-2 and 1:-1 families resonating with the pattern speed of the bar. A mechanism is described that produces bimodal distributions of Galactocentric radial velocities at selected azimuths in the outer disc. It occurs as a result of the temporal coherence of particles on the 3:-2 resonant orbits, which causes them to arrive simultaneously at pericentre or apocentre. This resonant clumping, due to the in-phase motion of the particles through their epicycle, leads to both inward and outward moving groups which belong to the same orbital family and consequently produce bimodal radial velocity distributions. This is a possible explanation of the bimodal velocity distributions observed towards the Galactic anti-Centre by Liu et al. (2012). Another consequence is that transient overdensities appear and dissipate (in a symmetric fashion) on timescales equal to the their epicyclic period resulting in a periodic pulsing of the disc's surface density.
description: 11 Figures, 1 Table. Accepted for publication in ApJ. Version 2 reflects minor changes to the text. Animation referenced in Figure 7 is available at http://hubble.shao.ac.cn/~shen/resonantclumping/DensMovie.mp4
title: Helene Jagmetti-Baumann
title: Jagmetti-Baumann
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: 9. Februar 1858 - 8. Oktober 1949
titleType: Subtitle
title: Trauerfeier anlässlich der Bestattung von Frau Helene Jagmetti-Baumann, Mittwoch, den 12. Oktober 1949, um 15.00 Uhr, in der Kapelle des Friedhofes Manegg in Zürich
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Frick, Max
Publisher: name: [Verlag nicht ermittelbar]
Year: 1949
Subjects: subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Nachruf
subject: Jagmetti-Baumann, Helene
subject: Zürich
subject: Brittnau

description: Enthält: Abdankungsansprache von Herrn Pfarrer Max Frick vom Grossmünster in Zürich
Additional file 1: of Usage of PCI and long-term cardiovascular risk in post-myocardial infarction patients: a nationwide registry cohort study from Finland
Creators: name: KytĂś, Ville
name: Prami, Tuire
name: Houssem Khanfir
name: PĂĽl Hasvold
name: Reissell, Eeva
name: Airaksinen, Juhani
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Table S1. Adjusted hazard ratios for predictors of primary outcomes in total study and stable post-MI populations. (DOCX 115 kb)
Validity of state cancer registry treatment information for adolescent and young adult women
Creators: name: Anderson, C.
name: Rao, C.
name: Chao, C.R.
name: Moy, L.
name: Baggett, C.D.
name: Nichols, H.B.
name: Kushi, L.H.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2020

description: Background: Population-based cancer registries collect information on first course of treatment that may be utilized in research on cancer care quality, yet few studies have investigated the validity of this information. We examined the accuracy and completeness of registry-based treatment information in a cohort of adolescent and young adult women. Methods: Women diagnosed with breast cancer, lymphoma, thyroid cancer, cervical/uterine cancer or ovarian cancer at ages 15–39 during 2003–2014 were identified using data from the North Carolina Central Cancer Registry (CCR) (N = 2342). CCR data were linked to Medicaid and private insurance claims data, and claims were reviewed for the 12 months following diagnosis to identify cancer treatments received. Using claims data as the gold standard, we calculated the sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of CCR data for receipt of chemotherapy, radiation and hormone therapy. We also compared dates of treatment initiation between the two data sources. Results: For all cancer types combined, the sensitivity of the CCR data was high for chemotherapy (86%) and moderate for radiation (74%). PPVs were 82% and 83% for chemotherapy and radiation, respectively. Both the sensitivity (67%) and PPV (70%) were lower for hormone therapy for breast cancer. For all three treatment types, dates of initiation in the registry and the claims differed by ≤30 days for most women. Conclusions: In this cohort of young women, population-based cancer registry data on chemotherapy receipt was reasonably accurate and complete in comparison with insurance claims. Radiation and hormone therapy appeared to be less complete.
Ending the Epidemic of Heterosexual HIV Transmission Among African Americans
Creators: name: Schoenbach, Victor J.
name: Floris-Moore, Michelle A.
name: Adimora, Adaora A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: This article examines factors responsible for the stark racial disparities in HIV infection in the U.S. and the now concentrated epidemic among African Americans. Sexual network patterns characterized by concurrency and mixing among different subpopulations, together with high rates of other sexually transmitted infections, facilitate dissemination of HIV among African Americans. The social and economic environment in which many African Americans live shapes sexual network patterns and increases personal infection risk almost independently of personal behavior. The African American HIV epidemic constitutes a national crisis whose successful resolution will require modifying the social and economic systems, structures, and processes that facilitate HIV transmission in this population.
Health Economics in Public Health
Creators: name: Cavallo, David N.
name: Farrelly, Matthew A.
name: Ammerman, Alice S.
name: Hoerger, Thomas J.
name: Ickes, Scott B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: BACKGROUND: Economic analysis is an important tool in deciding how to allocate scarce public health resources; however, there is currently a dearth of such analysis by public health researchers.

METHODS: Public health researchers and practitioners were surveyed to determine their current use of health economics and to identify barriers to use as well as potential strategies to decrease those barriers in order to allow them to more effectively incorporate economic analyses into their work. Data collected from five focus groups informed survey development. The survey included a demographic section and 14 multi-part questions. Participants were recruited in 2006 from three national public health organizations through e-mail; 294 academicians, practitioners, and community representatives answered the survey.

RESULTS: Survey data were analyzed in 2007. Despite an expressed belief in the importance of health economics, more than half of the respondents reported very little or no current use of health economics in their work. Of those using health economics, cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analysis and determination of public health costs were cited as the measures used most frequently. The most important barriers were lack of expertise, funding, time, tools, and data, as well as discomfort with economic theory. The resource deemed most important to using health economics was collaboration with economists or those with economic training. Respondents indicated a desire to learn more about health economics and tools for performing economic analysis.

CONCLUSIONS: Given the importance of incorporating economic analysis into public health interventions, and the desire of survey respondents for more collaboration with health economists, opportunities for such collaborations should be increased.
Nucleons and parity doubling across the deconfinement transition
Creators: name: Aarts, Gert
name: Allton, Chris
name: Hands, Simon
name: Jäger, Benjamin
name: Praki, Chrisanthi
name: Skullerud, Jon-Ivar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is expected that nucleons and their parity partners become degenerate when chiral symmetry is restored. We investigate this question in the context of the thermal transition from the hadronic phase to the quark-gluon plasma, using lattice QCD simulations with N_f=2+1 flavours. We observe a clear sign of parity doubling in the quark-gluon plasma. Besides, we find that the nucleon ground state is, within the uncertainty, largely independent of the temperature, whereas temperature effects are substantial in the negative-parity (N^*) channel, already in the confined phase.
description: 5 pages, 5 eps figures, some more details, figure and references added; to appear in PRD
Impact of Mailed and Automated Telephone Reminders on Receipt of Repeat Mammograms. A Randomized Controlled Trial
Creators: name: Bowling, J. Michael
name: DeFrank, Jessica T.
name: Farrell, David
name: Gierisch, Jennifer M.
name: Rimer, Barbara K.
name: Skinner, Celette S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: This study compares the efficacy of three types of reminders in promoting annual repeat mammography screening.
Land Use, Residential Density, and Walking: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Creators: name: Rodríguez, Daniel A.
name: Evenson, Kelly R.
name: Brines, Shannon J.
name: Diez Roux, Ana V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The neighborhood environment may play a role in encouraging sedentary patterns, especially for middle-aged and older adults.
Physical, Consumer, and Social Aspects of Measuring the Food Environment Among Diverse Low-Income Populations
Creators: name: Sharma, Sangita
name: Gittelsohn, Joel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Obesity and other diet-related chronic diseases are directly related to the food environment. We describe how to better assess the food environment in specific ethnic minority settings for designing and implementing interventions, based on a review of our previous work on the food environment in American Indian reservations, Canadian First Nations reserves, the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and inner-city Baltimore. The types of food stores available within each setting and the range of healthy foods available varied greatly across these geographic regions. In all settings, proximity to food stores/supermarkets, cost, and limited availability of healthful foods were common features, which limited access to health-promoting food options. Features specific to each population should be considered in an assessment of the food environment, including physical (e.g., openness of stores, mix of types of food sources); consumer (e.g., adequacy of the food supply, seasonal factors); and social (e.g., inter-household food sharing, perceptions of food quality, language differences) aspects. The food environments common in low-income ethnic subpopulations require special focus and consideration due to the vulnerability of the populations and to specific and unique aspects of each setting.
The Gauss-Bonnet Coupling Constant in Classically Scale-Invariant Gravity
Creators: name: Einhorn, Martin B.
name: Jones, D. R. Timothy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the renormalization of higher-derivative gravity, both without and with matter fields, in terms of two primary coupling constants rather than three. A technique for determining the dependence of the Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant on the remaining couplings is explained, and consistency with the local form of the Gauss-Bonnet relation in four dimensions is demonstrated to all orders in perturbation theory. A similar argument is outlined for the Hirzebruch signature and its coupling. We speculate upon the potential implications of instantons on the associated nonperturbative coupling constants.
description: 11 pages, no figures, revtex-4.1. v2 includes additional references and minor changes in text. v3 has minor changes in text in Section II.B. Results unchanged
Pounds Off Digitally Study: A Randomized Podcasting Weight Loss Intervention
Creators: name: Tate, Deborah F.
name: Campbell, Marci K.
name: Turner-McGrievy, Gabrielle M.
name: Bowling, J. Michael
name: Crosby, Lelia
name: Truesdale, Kimberly P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: As obesity rates rise, new weight loss methods are needed. Little is known about the use of podcasting (audio files for a portable music player or computer) to promote weight loss, despite its growing popularity.
Intrinsic defects in photovoltaic perovskite variant Cs2SnI6
Creators: name: Xiao, Zewen
name: Zhou, Yuanyuan
name: Hosono, Hideo
name: Kamiya, Toshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Note: This paper has been published in Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, which can be viewed at the following URL: http://doi.org/10.1039/C5CP03102H Cs2SnI6, a rarely studied perovskite variant material, is recently gaining a lot of interest in the field of photovoltaics owing to its nontoxity, air-stability and promissing photovoltaic properties. In this work, we report intrinsic defects in Cs2SnI6 using first-principles density functional theory calculations. It is revealed that iodine vacancy and tin interstitial are the dominant defects that are responsible for the intrinsic n-type conduction in Cs2SnI6. Tin vacancy has a very high formation energy (>3.6 eV) due to the strong covalency in the Sn-I bonds and is hardly generated for p-type doping. All the dominant defects in Cs2SnI6 have deep transition levels in the band gap. It is suggested that the formation of the deep defects can be suppressed significantly by employing an I-rich synthesis condition, which is inevitable for photovoltaic and other semiconductor applications.
Kreatürlichkeit des Menschen als Verantwortung für die Erde
Creators: name: Lehmann, Karl
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 7 Nr. 1 (1978): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 7, Heft 1
Separation of flow from chiral magnetic effect in U+U collisions using spectator asymmetry
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Sandeep
name: Tribedy, Prithwish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the prolate shape of the Uranium nucleus generates anti-correlation between spectator asymmetry and initial state ellipticity of the collision zone, providing a way to constrain the initial event shape in U+U collisions. As an application, we show that this can be used to separate the background contribution due to flow from the signals of chiral magnetic effect.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, few texts modified
Valuation of Variable Annuities with Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal and Death Benefits via Stochastic Control Optimization
Creators: name: Luo, Xiaolin
name: Shevchenko, Pavel V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In this paper we present a numerical valuation of variable annuities with combined Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefit (GMWB) and Guaranteed Minimum Death Benefit (GMDB) under optimal policyholder behaviour solved as an optimal stochastic control problem. This product simultaneously deals with financial risk, mortality risk and human behaviour. We assume that market is complete in financial risk and mortality risk is completely diversified by selling enough policies and thus the annuity price can be expressed as appropriate expectation. The computing engine employed to solve the optimal stochastic control problem is based on a robust and efficient Gauss-Hermite quadrature method with cubic spline. We present results for three different types of death benefit and show that, under the optimal policyholder behaviour, adding the premium for the death benefit on top of the GMWB can be problematic for contracts with long maturities if the continuous fee structure is kept, which is ordinarily assumed for a GMWB contract. In fact for some long maturities it can be shown that the fee cannot be charged as any proportion of the account value -- there is no solution to match the initial premium with the fair annuity price. On the other hand, the extra fee due to adding the death benefit can be charged upfront or in periodic instalment of fixed amount, and it is cheaper than buying a separate life insurance.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1410.8609