cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Laterality in Horse Training: Psychological and Physical Balance and Coordination and Strength Rather Than Straightness
Creators: name: Krueger, Konstanze
name: Schwarz, Sophie
name: Marr, Isabell
name: Farmer, Kate
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: balance; body asymmetry; equitation; horse; motor laterality; sensory laterality; stress; welfare
subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: For centuries, a goal of training in many equestrian disciplines has been to straighten the horse, which is considered a key element in achieving its responsiveness and suppleness. However, laterality is a naturally occurring phenomenon in horses and encompasses body asymmetry, motor laterality and sensory laterality. Furthermore, forcibly counterbalancing motor laterality has been considered a cause of psychological imbalance in humans. Perhaps asymmetry and laterality should rather be accepted, with a focus on training psychological and physical balance, coordination and equal strength on both sides instead of enforcing “straightness”. To explore this, we conducted a review of the literature on the function and causes of motor and sensory laterality in horses, especially in horses when trained on the ground or under a rider. The literature reveals that body asymmetry is innate but does not prevent the horse from performing at a high level under a rider. Motor laterality is equally distributed in feral horses, while in domestic horses, age, breed, training and carrying a rider may cause left leg preferences. Most horses initially observe novel persons and potentially threatening objects or situations with their left sensory organs. Pronounced preferences for the use of left sensory organs or limbs indicate that the horse is experiencing increased emotionality or stress, and long-term insufficiencies in welfare, housing or training may result in left shifts in motor and sensory laterality and pessimistic mentalities. Therefore, increasing laterality can be regarded as an indicator for insufficiencies in housing, handling and training. We propose that laterality be recognized as a welfare indicator and that straightening the horse should be achieved by conducting training focused on balance, coordination and equal strength on both sides.
Sports-Related Concussion Is a Personalized Issue—Evaluation of Medical Assessment and Subjective Feeling of the Athlete in a German Level 1 Trauma Center
Creators: name: Weber, Johannes
name: Huber, Lorenz
name: Frankewycz, Borys
name: Krutsch, Werner
name: Alt, Volker
name: Szymski, Dominik
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: athletic injury, sports medicine, emergency medicine, head trauma, concussion
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Sports-related concussions (SRC) have developed into a highly discussed topic in sports medicine over the last few years and demonstrate a severe issue in the personalized treatment of patients. This retrospective cohort study investigated 86 patients with sports-related concussions in a level 1 trauma center, relating to the mechanism, symptoms, medical history, acute therapy including first assessment and the return to sport. The research is based on medical records as well as questionnaires six months after hospitalization. Loss of consciousness for under 30 min (41.2%), headache (36.5%) and amnesia (29.4%) were the most frequent symptoms when presenting in the emergency room. During the hospitalization, mainly headache and vertigo were documented. Most concussions occurred after incidents in equitation and cycling sports; the most common mechanism was falling to the ground with a subsequent impact (59.3%). At the time of discharge from hospital, in 13.4% of all cases, concussion symptoms were still documented in medical records, in contrast to 39.5% of the concerned athletes who reported symptoms for longer than 24 h, and 41.0% who reported ongoing post-concussion symptoms after six months. Concussions are difficult-to-treat disorders with a challenging diagnostic process and many symptoms in various values and levels of persistence. Therefore, a patient-involving treatment with a complaint-dependent return to sport process should be applied to concerned athletes.
Holographic Dark Energy Models and Higher Order Generalizations in Dynamical Chern-Simons Modified Gravity
Creators: name: Pasqua, Antonio
name: da Rocha, Roldao
name: Chattopadhyay, Surajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark Energy models are here investigated and studied in the framework of the Chern-Simons modified gravity model. We bring into focus the Holographic Dark Energy (HDE) model with Granda-Oliveros cut-off, the Modified Holographic Ricci Dark Energy (MHRDE) model and, moreover, a model with higher derivatives of the Hubble parameter as well. The relevant expressions of the scale factor a(t) for a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker Universe are derived and studied, and in this context, the evolution of the scale factor is shown to be similar to that one displayed by the modified Chaplygin gas in two of the above models.
description: 7 pages, to appear in Eur. Phys. J. C
Informing efforts to prevent family maltreatment among airmen: A focus on personal resilience
Creators: name: Bowen, Gary L.
name: Jensen, Todd M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Family maltreatment is a serious public health concern within civilian and military populations. The U.S. Air Force Family Advocacy Program (FAP) delivers services to active-duty Air Force members and their families that aim to promote personal resilience and prevent maltreatment perpetration among those most at risk. Informed by family resilience and ecological perspectives, the purpose of this study is to empirically test a theory of change or conceptual model that could serve as an evidence-informed foundation for the selection of prevention interventions used by military and FAP service providers. A representative sample of 30,541 active-duty Air Force members from the 2011 Air Force Community Assessment Survey was analyzed, comprising participants who had at least one child and who were in a committed relationship. Structural equation modeling was employed to test the hypothesized model. Neighborhood safety was analyzed as a moderating influence. With a focus on personal resilience as an asset-based outcome, results indicated that personal resilience among airmen was positively associated with features of individual fitness, informal support, adaptive family processes, and unit leader support. Results also indicated that neighborhood safety significantly moderated associations in the empirical model.
Increasing concentration of major crops in China from 1980 to 2011
Creators: name: Yin, Fang
name: Sun, Zhanli
name: You, Liangzhi
name: Müller, Daniel
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Land use
subject: spatial clustering
subject: spatial heterogeneity
subject: crop production
subject: Moran’s I
subject: Generalized Entropy Index (GEI)
subject: inequality
subject: 550 Geowissenschaften

description: The concentration of crop cultivation can be measured in terms of spatial clustering and of inequality in the distribution of the cropland area. We used official agricultural statistics at the county level (N = 2,354) for each year from 1980 to 2011 for all of China to analyse the changes in spatial clustering and inequality of overall cropland and of the harvested areas of the five major crops (rice, maize, wheat, soybean, and potato). We quantified the spatial clustering with global and local Moran’s I and assessed the inequality in the distribution of crop cultivation with the generalized entropy index. The results showed that the cropland area and harvested areas of the major crops indeed became more homogeneous over time, and the major crops concentrated in fewer areas and in the major historic breadbaskets. Increasing concentration may offer opportunities in specialization and positive agglomeration effects but can reduce the resilience of food systems and agricultural sustainability.
Dynamical Stability of Imaged Planetary Systems in Formation: Application to HL Tau
Creators: name: Tamayo, Daniel
name: Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.
name: Menou, Kristen
name: Rein, Hanno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent ALMA image revealed several concentric gaps in the protoplanetary disk surrounding the young star HL Tau. We consider the hypothesis that these gaps are carved by planets, and present a general framework for understanding the dynamical stability of such systems over typical disk lifetimes, providing estimates for the maximum planetary masses. We collect these easily evaluated constraints into a workflow that can help guide the design and interpretation of new observational campaigns and numerical simulations of gap opening in such systems. We argue that the locations of resonances should be significantly shifted in massive disks like HL Tau, and that theoretical uncertainties in the exact offset, together with observational errors, imply a large uncertainty in the dynamical state and stability in such disks. This presents an important barrier to using systems like HL Tau as a proxy for the initial conditions following planet formation. An important observational avenue to breaking this degeneracy is to search for eccentric gaps, which could implicate resonantly interacting planets. Unfortunately, massive disks like HL Tau should induce swift pericenter precession that would smear out any such eccentric features of planetary origin. This motivates pushing toward more typical, less massive disks. For a nominal non-resonant model of the HL Tau system with five planets, we find a maximum mass for the outer three bodies of approximately 2 Neptune masses. In a resonant configuration, these planets can reach at least the mass of Saturn. The inner two planets' masses are unconstrained by dynamical stability arguments.
description: Accepted in ApJ. 16 pages 8 figures
The influences of social agents in completing a STEM degree: an examination of female graduates of selective science high schools
Creators: name: Luo, Linlin
name: Stoeger, Heidrun
name: Subotnik, Rena F.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Female students, Selective science high schools, Social agents, STEM majors
subject: 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Background Women are underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) professions. Even the most promising female students’ interest in STEM subjects often decreases during secondary school. Using the framework of the Social Cognitive Career Theory, the present study examined the influences of social agents in female students’ persistence in STEM. Specifically, the present study used a retrospective survey investigating the influence of parental education, teachers as mentors, and peer belonging for female students’ attainment of an undergraduate degree in a STEM field for a special population—female graduates of selective science high schools (n = 1425). Furthermore, the study examined the influences of these social-agent variables on female students’ STEM choices when mediated by high school research experiences. Finally, the present study also explored the influences of these social-agent variables on female students when it came to choosing math-intensive STEM fields (n = 723). Results Findings showed that parental educational level and having STEM teachers as mentors are positively related to female students’ later attainment of a STEM degree. In addition to the direct relationship, parental educational level and having STEM teachers as mentors are also positively related to female students’ high school research participation, which is associated with a greater likelihood of their completing a STEM degree. Female students’ sense of belonging to a peer group did not correlate with their attainment of a STEM degree. When it came to choosing math-intensive STEM fields, a higher sense of peer belonging was negatively associated with obtaining a math-intensive STEM degree. Conclusions Parental education and having STEM teachers as mentors play an important role for female students’ persistence in STEM and obtaining a STEM undergraduate degree for female students in selective science high schools. However, among the female students who graduated with a STEM degree, it is less clear whether social-agent variables influenced their math-intensive vs. less-math-intensive choices. Educational implications for promoting female students’ STEM interests and careers in STEM fields are provided.
Heart failure in immigrant groups: a cohort study of adults aged 45 years and over in Sweden
Creators: name: Wändell, Per
name: Carlsson, Axel C.
name: Xinjun Li
name: Gasevic, Danijela
name: Ärnlöv, Johan
name: Holzmann, Martin J.
name: Sundquist, Jan
name: Sundquist, Kristina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objective. An increased risk of being diagnosed with coronary heart disease or atrial fibrillation has been shown among different immigrant groups. However, less is known on the risk of being diagnosed with congestive heart failure (CHF). Design. We studied CHF in immigrants including all adults ≥45 years in Sweden (n = 3,274,119) from 1998 to 2012. CHF was defined as at the first event registered in the National Patient Register. Risk of incident CHF in immigrant groups compared to the Swedish-born population was assessed by Cox regression, stratified by sex, adjusting for age, socio-demographic status, and co-morbidities. Results. During a mean follow-up of 14 years in total, a total of 302,340 (9.2%) events of CHF were registered. We found the following: higher incidence in men from Bosnia, Iraq, Lebanon, Russia and Africa; among women from Bosnia, Iraq, Lebanon, Turkey, Central Europe and Finland; lower incidence in men from Iceland, Latin America, Southern Europe, Norway and Western Europe; and among women from Iceland, Southern Europe, Norway, Denmark and Western Europe. Conclusion. It is important to be aware of the increased incidence of CHF in some immigrant groups, especially from countries and areas where the immigrants have been refugees, in order to enable for a timely diagnosis, treatment of and prevention of CHF and its debilitating complications.
Achieving Compositional Security and Privacy in IoT Environments
Creators: name: Ozmen, Muslum Ozgur
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460407
subject: System and network security
classificationCode: 460402
subject: Data and information privacy
classificationCode: 460603
subject: Cyberphysical systems and internet of things

description: The Internet of Things (IoT) systems include sensors that measure the physical world, actuators that influence it, and IoT apps that automate these sensors and actuators. Although IoT environments have revolutionized our lives by integrating digital connectivity into physical processes, they also introduce unique security and privacy concerns. Particularly, these systems include multiple components that are unified through the cyber and physical domains. For instance, smart homes include various devices and multiple IoT apps that control these devices. Thus, attacks against any single component can have rippling effects, amplifying due to the composite behavior of sensors, actuators, apps, and the physical environment.In this dissertation, I explore the emerging security and privacy issues that arise from the complex physical interactions in IoT environments. To discover and mitigate these emerging issues, there is a need for composite reasoning techniques that consider the interplay between digital and physical domains. This dissertation addresses these challenges to build secure IoT environments and enhance user privacy with new formal techniques and systems.To this end, I first describe my efforts in ensuring the safety and security of IoT en- vironments. Particularly, I introduced IoTSeer, a security service that discovers physical interaction vulnerabilities among IoT apps. I then proposed attacks that evade prior event verification systems by exploiting the complex physical interactions between IoT sensors and actuators. To address them, I developed two defenses, software patching and sensor placement, to make event verification systems robust against evasion attacks. These works provide a suite of tools to achieve compositional safety and security in IoT environments. Second, I discuss my work that identifies the privacy risks of emerging IoT devices. I designed DMC-Xplorer to find vulnerabilities in voice assistant platforms and showed that an adversary can eavesdrop on privacy-sensitive device states and prevent users from controlling devices. I then developed a remote side-channel attack against intermittent devices to infer privacy-sensitive information about the environment in which they are deployed. These works highlight new privacy issues in emerging commodity devices used in IoT environments.
Making peace with disliked others: the effects of a short loving-kindness meditation on implicit and explicit emotional evaluations
Creators: name: Schroter, Franziska Anna
name: Jansen, Petra
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Loving-kindness meditation, Imagery, Affective priming, Implicit attitudes, Explicit attitudes
subject: 150 Psychologie
subject: 796 Sport

description: Background The main goal of the study was to investigate the effects of a short loving-kindness meditation (LKM) on explicit and implicit evaluations of oneself and disliked public persons. We expected a more positive explicit and implicit evaluation of oneself and a disliked public person after the LKM and a mood improvement. Methods Before and after the implementation of a short LKM vs. imagery task, mood, explicit and implicit evaluations were analyzed in 69 students. Results Our results demonstrated only a reduction in negative and positive mood in both groups and regarding the explicit and implicit tasks, only a significant main effect of picture and a trend for the time*group interaction for mood, implicit and explicit attitudes with medium effect-sizes. Conclusions A possible influence of a short intervention on emotional evaluations should be treated with caution. The claim that a short loving-kindness meditation enhances social connectedness might awake false hopes. This study suggests being careful with the interpretation of single meditation effects and future studies should examine the effects of a long-lasting meditation training on explicit and implicit evaluations of the self and disliked politicians as well as the sustainability of those effects.
Patterns of Stepfamily Relationship Quality and Adolescents' Short-Term and Long-Term Adjustment
Creators: name: Lippold, Melissa A.
name: Jensen, Todd M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Stepfamilies experience unique dynamics, with implications for family functioning and youth well-being. Emerging research is incorporating a holistic perspective whereby stepfamily dynamics are viewed more comprehensively, and constellations of stepfamily relationship quality are identified. In the current study, we examined short-term and long-term associations between latent patterns of stepfamily relationships (including the quality of mother–child, stepfather–child, nonresident father–child, and stepcouple dyads) and youth adjustment (i.e., depression, delinquency, self-esteem) across three stages of youth development: adolescence, emerging adulthood, and young adulthood. Using a representative sample of adolescents from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Harris et al., 2009), results from longitudinal structural equation models and latent-growth curve models indicated that youth adjustment over time is optimized among youth in a residence-centered (i.e., high-quality relationships among mother–child, stepfather–child, and stepcouple dyads) or inclusive (i.e., high-quality relationships across all dyads, including the nonresident father) pattern, as compared with youth in an unhappy-couple (i.e., low-quality stepcouple relationship) or parent–child disconnection (i.e., low-quality relationships between youth and each parental figure) pattern. The results point to many similarities between male and female youth in terms of adjustment responses to patterns of stepfamily relationships, although some differences became apparent. In the context of stepfamily relationships marked by low-quality relationships, male youth might exhibit greater initial levels of externalizing problems than female youth, whereas female youth might exhibit greater initial levels of internalizing problems than male youth. Implications for future research and intervention and prevention efforts are discussed.
A Typology of Interactional Patterns Between Youth and Their Stepfathers: Associations with Family Relationship Quality and Youth Well-Being
Creators: name: Jensen, Todd M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Stepfamilies are an increasingly common family form, many of which are headed by a resident mother and stepfather. Stepfather–child relationships exert notable influence on stepfamily stability and individual well‐being. Although various stepfather roles have been observed, more research is warranted by which stepfather–child interactions are explored holistically and across a variety of life domains (e.g., recreational, personal, academic, and disciplinary). Thus, the primary purpose of the current study is to explore varying interactional patterns between youth and their stepfathers. A latent class analysis is conducted using a representative sample of 1,183 youth (53% female; mean age = 15.64 years, SD = 1.70 years; 62% non‐Hispanic White) residing in mother–stepfather families from Wave I of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Latent‐class enumeration processes support a four‐class solution, with latent classes representing inactive , academically oriented , casually connected , and versatile and involved patterns of youth–stepparent interaction. Notable differences and similarities are evident across patterns with respect to family relationship quality, youth well‐being, and socio‐demographic characteristics. Differences are most stark between the inactive and versatile and involved patterns. Ultimately, the results showcase notable variation in youth–stepparent interactional patterns, and one size does not necessarily fit all stepfamilies. Family practitioners should be mindful of variation in youth–stepparent interactional patterns and assist stepfamilies in seeking out stepparent–child dynamics that are most compatible with the needs and dynamics of the larger family system.
On the role of fast magnetic reconnection in accreting black hole sources
Creators: name: Singh, C. B.
name: Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal
name: Kadowaki, L. H. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We attempt to explain the observed radio and gamma-ray emission produced in the surrounds of black holes by employing a magnetically-dominated accretion flow (MDAF) model and fast magnetic reconnection triggered by turbulence. In earlier work, standard disk model was used and we refine the model by focussing on the sub-Eddington regime to address the fundamental plane of black hole activity. The results do not change substantially with regard to previous work ensuring that the details of the accretion physics are not relevant in the magnetic reconnection process occurring in the corona. Rather our work puts fast magnetic reconnection events as a powerful mechanism operating in the core region, near the jet base of black hole sources on more solid ground. For microquasars and low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (LLAGNs) the observed correlation between radio emission and mass of the sources can be explained by this process. The corresponding gamma-ray emission also seems to be produced in the same core region. On the other hand, the emission from blazars and gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) cannot be correlated to core emission based on fast reconnection.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
COVID-19 Bibliometrics 12th – 18th October 2020
Creators: name: Www.Covid19bibliometrics.Org
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: COVID-19
Medicine and Health
Science and Engineering
Social Science, Humanities and Public Policy
Novel Coronavirus
SARS-COV-2
2019-nCoV

description: This is a compilation of COVID-19 research insights published from 12th – 18th October 2020 in these fields: Medicine and Health Science and Engineering Social Science, Humanities and Public Policy About www.covid19bibliometrics.org
 Introduction: The number of confirmed cases during the current Covid-19 pandemic is escalating exponentially. At the same time, the public are constantly being inundated with a formidable quantity of information, from innumerable sources, and containing both genuine as well as fake news. The Covid-19 “infodemic” is here. Health professionals including medical doctors and nurses are busy fighting the virus on the front line in our communities and hospitals and struggling to treat the ever-growing number of cases. Scientists and technicians at their bench-tops and computers in their research laboratories, are racing to find solutions, create new protective equipment, and ideally develop a vaccine. They all need accurate, timely and reliable information upon which they can make their decisions, find solutions, and help defeat this pandemic. This initiative aims to provide reliable and timely (initially at least twice a week) web updates on the relevant published literature. “Reliable” and “timely” means that it can be trusted and it is up to date; “relevant” and “published” means that it is focused on what health professionals and scientists need when facing both the pandemic and the infodemic, and it can be trusted as sound science. We plan to make the material succinct and accessible, and to provide key bibliometric indices such as source and citation.
 Objectives: 1. To update the global scientific community on current Covid-19 related published papers in an accessible, timely and trusted format
 2. To analyse the published papers for trends and to provide insights
 3. To identify gaps in research
 4. To promote international research collaboration with a view to overcoming Covid-19 and promoting recovery Methodology: Covid-19 related publications to be searched using the Scopus database using as a minimum the following keywords: 2019-nCoV, SARS-CoV-2, Covid-19, novel Coronavirus. Papers then to be categorized according to topic, research fields, institutions, countries, etc. Abstracts and papers to be reviewed for findings, trends, key insights, etc. To read previous COVID-19 research insights, please go to:
 https://zenodo.org/communities/covid19bibliometrics/
description: More information, please go to https://www.covid19bibliometrics.org/
A Web-Based Tool to Report Adverse Drug Reactions by Community Pharmacists in Australia: Usability Testing Study
Creators: name: Tagne, Joel Fossouo
name: Yakob, Reginald Amin
name: Mcdonald, Rachael
name: Wickramasinghe, Nilmini
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: BACKGROUND: Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are unintended and harmful events associated with medication use. Despite their significance in postmarketing surveillance, quality improvement, and drug safety research, ADRs are vastly underreported. Enhanced digital-based communication of ADR information to regulators and among care providers could significantly improve patient safety. OBJECTIVE: This paper presents a usability evaluation of the commercially available GuildCare Adverse Event Recording system, a web-based ADR reporting system widely used by community pharmacists (CPs) in Australia. METHODS: We developed a structured interview protocol encompassing remote observation, think-aloud moderating techniques, and retrospective questioning to gauge the overall user experience, complemented by the System Usability Scale (SUS) assessment. Thematic analysis was used to analyze field notes from the interviews. RESULTS: A total of 7 CPs participated in the study, who perceived the system to have above-average usability (SUS score of 68.57). Nonetheless, the structured approach to usability testing unveiled specific functional and user interpretation issues, such as unnecessary information, lack of system clarity, and redundant data fields-critical insights not captured by the SUS results. Design elements like drop-down menus, free-text entry, checkboxes, and prefilled or auto-populated data fields were perceived as useful for enhancing system navigation and facilitating ADR reporting. CONCLUSIONS: The user-centric design of technology solutions, like the one discussed herein, is crucial to meeting CPs' information needs and ensuring effective ADR reporting. Developers should adopt a structured approach to usability testing during the developmental phase to address identified issues comprehensively. Such a methodological approach may promote the adoption of ADR reporting systems by CPs and ultimately enhance patient safety.
Dynamics of iron bound phosphorus within sediments of the Gippsland Lakes
Creators: name: IFTIKHAR, RASHID
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Environmental biogeochemistry

description: This thesis aimed at investigating the dynamics of phosphorus within sediments of the Gippsland Lakes. The study outcomes provide critical information that needs to be considered while developing phosphorus management strategies in lakes.
First detection of primary cilia in injured human anterior cruciate ligament: A pilot study with pathophysiological reflections
Creators: name: Grevenstein, David
name: Oppermann, Johannes
name: Winter, Lina
name: Barsch, Friedrich
name: Niedermair, Tanja
name: Mamilos, Andreas
name: Eysel, Peer
name: Brochhausen, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Primary cilia, Anterior cruciate ligament, Ultrastructure, Ligament damage, Mechanotransduction
subject: 610 Medizin

description: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) plays a significant role in knee stability, protects the joint under multiple loading conditions and shows complex biomechanics. Beside mechanical stability, the ACL seems to play a crucial role in proprioception, and it is well known, that ACL injuries can cause functional deficits due to decreased proprioception. However, the mechanism of proprioception is not completely understood yet. In this context, primary cilia (PC), which play a significant role in the signaling between the intra- and extracellular space, could be of interest. However, until today, primary cilia are not yet described in human ACL. In total, seven human ACL’s underwent transmission electron microscopical examination. Three cadaveric ACL’s and four freshly injured ACL’s were examined. Single cells of each ACL were examined regarding the presence of axonemes or basal bodies, which represent components of a PC. In total, 276 cells of the cadaveric ACL’s and 180 cells of the injured ACL’s were examined. Basal bodies could be detected in three of the four specimens of the injured ACL’s as well as in one of the three cadaveric ACL’s, resulting in a mean positivity of 2.54% in the cadaveric group and 2.78% in the injured group. In case of PC-presence, only one PC per cell could be detected. No statistically significant difference regarding the frequency could be detected between both groups. In this pilot-study, we present for the first time an ultrastructural study of human ACLs with respect to the occurrence of PC and any structural and morphological features of these complex and dynamic cell organelles. PCs are present in almost all non-hematopoietic tissues of the human body. However, there are different reports on the number, incidence, orientation, and morphology of these cell organelles in the respective tissues. Compared to other tissues and ligaments of other species, we found a significantly lower rate of PC positive cells. This observation might represent a tissue-specific characteristic of ACL tissue. However, our observations need to be explored in more detail in further studies.
Right-handed neutrino production rate at T > 160 GeV
Creators: name: Ghisoiu, I.
name: Laine, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production rate of right-handed neutrinos from a Standard Model plasma at a temperature above a hundred GeV has previously been evaluated up to NLO in Standard Model couplings (g ~ 2/3) in relativistic (M ~ pi T) and non-relativistic regimes (M >> pi T), and up to LO in an ultrarelativistic regime (M < gT). The last result necessitates an all-orders resummation of the loop expansion, accounting for multiple soft scatterings of the nearly light-like particles participating in 1 2 reactions. In this paper we suggest how the regimes can be interpolated into a result applicable for any right-handed neutrino mass and at all temperatures above 160 GeV. The results can also be used for determining the lepton number washout rate in models containing right-handed neutrinos. Numerical results are given in a tabulated form permitting for their incorporation into leptogenesis codes. We note that due to effects from soft Higgs bosons there is a narrow intermediate regime around M ~ g^{1/2} T in which our interpolation is phenomenological and a more precise study would be welcome.
description: 26 pages. v2: minor clarifications, published version
Black holes: Their large interiors
Creators: name: Bengtsson, Ingemar
name: Jakobsson, Emma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Christodoulou and Rovelli have remarked on the large interiors possessed by static black holes. We amplify their remarks, and extend them to the spinning case.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. To appear in Modern Physics Letters A
Issues_and_complexity_in_assessing_adapt.pdf
Creators: name: Yates, Julian
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 160101 Anthropology of Development
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 160605 Environmental Politics
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 160507 Environment Policy
subject: 160499 Human Geography not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: 160403 Social and Cultural Geography

description: This report presents the results and analysis of research that was carried out in Chitwan and Nawalparasi in 2010. The research was conducted within the remit of a participatory vulnerability assessment, within which vulnerability is defined as a function of exposure and sensitivity to climate change and adaptive capacity. The focus of this report is on adaptive capacity. Following a situation analysis of climate change and its impacts on livelihoods in the research sites, evidence of previous adaptation strategies is presented before an adaptive capacity assessment is made, drawing attention to common areas of adaptation. This is followed by a critical discussion of some key issues faced in adaptation and building adaptive capacity. The report concludes with a discussion of how the complexity of adaptive capacity can be built into its assessment.
Introducing a homepage for information retrieval and backup of the ground vibration measurements and mechanical vibrations of the superconducting modules at DESY
Creators: name: Amirikas, R.
name: Kubczigk, M.
name: DESY
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2007

description: EUROTeV Report (2007).
Constellations of Dyadic Relationship Quality in Stepfamilies: A Factor Mixture Model
Creators: name: Jensen, Todd M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Stepfamilies are an increasingly common family form, marked by distinct challenges, opportunities, and complex networks of dyadic relationships that can transcend single households. There exists a dearth of typological analyses by which constellations of dyadic processes in stepfamilies are holistically analyzed. Factor mixture modeling is used to identify population heterogeneity with respect to features of mother–child, stepfather–child, nonresident father–child, and stepcouple relationships using a representative sample of 1,182 adolescents in mother–stepfather families with living nonresident fathers from Wave I of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Results favor a 4-class factor-mixture solution with class-specific factor covariance matrices. Class 1 (n = 302, 25.5%), the residence-centered pattern, was marked by high-quality residential relationships. Class 2 (n = 307, 26%), the inclusive pattern, was marked by high-quality relationships across all four dyads, with an especially involved nonresident father–child relationship. Class 3 (n = 350, 29.6%), the unhappy couple pattern, was marked by very low stepcouple relationship quality. Class 4 (n = 223, 18.9%), the parent–child disconnection pattern, was marked by distant relationships between youth and all three parental figures. The residence-centered and inclusive patterns encompassed some positive correlations between dyadic relationships whereas the unhappy couple and parent–child disconnection patterns encompassed some negative correlations between dyadic relationships. The patterns present with differences across sociodemographic and substantive covariates and highlight important opportunities for the development of new and innovative interventions, particularly to meet the needs of stepfamilies that reflect the parent–child disconnection pattern.
title: R/V SHINSEI MARU Cruise report KS-23-12
Creators: name: Takata, Hyoe
Publisher: name: JAMSTEC
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cruise report
subject: R/V SHINSEI MARU
subject: oceans

description: [CRUISE REPORT] This document is a preliminary report of KS-23-12 on R/V SHINSEI MARU from 2023-08-03 to 2023-08-08.
A Longitudinal Analysis of Stepfamily Relationship Quality and Adolescent Physical Health
Creators: name: Harris, Kathleen Mullan
name: Jensen, Todd M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Approximately one third of youth are estimated to live with a biological parent and stepparent before reaching adulthood. Additional research is warranted whereby stepfamily processes are identified that drive variation in youth adjustment, particularly physical health. We examined stepfather–child, mother–child, and stepcouple relationship quality as predictors of levels and changes in adolescent physical health over time. We used a nationally representative sample of 1,233 adolescents living in biological mother–stepfather families from waves I (1994–1995) and II (1996) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. We incorporated measures of stepfather–child, mother–child, and stepcouple relationship quality, as well as adolescent reports of 10 physical health symptoms at waves I and II. Structural equation modeling was used to examine associations between wave I stepfamily relationships and adolescent physical symptoms at waves I and II. We used a zero-inflated negative binomial model to establish the validity of wave II adolescent physical symptoms as a predictor of an index of diagnosed chronic illnesses by wave IV (ages 26–32 years).Stepfather–child and mother–child relationship quality were negatively correlated with concurrent levels of adolescent physical symptoms. Stepfather–child relationship quality was negatively associated with change in adolescent physical symptoms over time. Adolescents with higher levels of physical symptoms at wave II were more likely to report chronic illnesses by adulthood. Stepfather–child relationship quality is a robust predictor of adolescent physical health throughout adolescence and is linked to chronic illness diagnoses in young adulthood. Future research should explore further the mechanisms that underlie this association.
Vibration stability studies of a superconducting accelerating module quadrupole operating at 4.5 K
Creators: name: Amirikas, R.
name: Bertolini, A.
name: Bialowons, W.
name: DESY
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2007

description: EUROTeV Report (2007).
Generation of long-lived underdense channels using femtosecond filamentation in air
Creators: name: Point, Guillaume
name: Milián, Carles
name: Couairon, Arnaud
name: Mysyrowicz, André
name: Houard, Aurélien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using femtosecond laser pulses at 800 and 400 nm, we characterize the formation of underdense channels in air generated by laser filamentation at the millijoule energy level by means of transverse interferometry. We find that using tight focusing conditions, filamentation generates a shock wave and that the resulting low-density channel lasts for more than 90 ms. Comparison of these results with hydrodynamic simulations using an Eulerian hydrodynamic code gives an good agreement and allows us to estimate the initial gas peak temperature at $\sim$ 1000 K. The influence of experimental parameters such as the focusing conditions for the ultrashort laser pulse, its polarization or the wavelength is studied and linked to previous characterizations of filamentation-generated plasma columns.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Exotic stable calcium carbides: theory and experiment
Creators: name: Li, Yan-Ling
name: Wang, Sheng-Nan
name: Oganov, Artem R.
name: Gou, Huiyang
name: Smith, Jesse S.
name: Strobel, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that pressure causes profound changes in the properties of atoms and chemical bonding, leading to the formation of many unusual materials. Here we systematically explore all stable calcium carbides at pressures from ambient to 100 GPa using variable-composition evolutionary structure predictions. We find that Ca5C2, Ca2C, Ca3C2, CaC, Ca2C3, and CaC2 have stability fields on the phase diagram. Among these, Ca2C and Ca2C3 are successfully synthesized for the first time via high-pressure experiments with excellent structural correspondence to theoretical predictions. Of particular significance are the base-centered monoclinic phase (space group C2/m) of Ca2C, a quasi-two-dimensional metal with layers of negatively charged calcium atoms, and the primitive monoclinic phase (space group P21/c) of CaC with zigzag C4 groups. Interestingly, strong interstitial charge localization is found in the structure of R-3m-Ca5C2 with semimetallic behaviour.
description: 33 Pages, 8 Figures
Stepfamily Relationship Quality and Children’s Internalizing and Externalizing Problems
Creators: name: Fosco, Gregory M.
name: Jensen, Todd M.
name: Lippold, Melissa A.
name: Mills-Koonce, Roger
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The stepfamily literature is replete with between-group analyses by which youth residing in stepfamilies are compared to youth in other family structures across indicators of adjustment and well-being. Few longitudinal studies examine variation in stepfamily functioning to identify factors that promote the positive adjustment of stepchildren over time. Using a longitudinal sample of 191 stepchildren (56% female, mean age = 11.3 years), the current study examines the association between the relationship quality of three central stepfamily dyads (stepparent–child, parent–child, and stepcouple) and children's internalizing and externalizing problems concurrently and over time. Results from path analyses indicate that higher levels of parent–child affective quality are associated with lower levels of children's concurrent internalizing and externalizing problems at Wave 1. Higher levels of stepparent–child affective quality are associated with decreases in children's internalizing and externalizing problems at Wave 2 (6 months beyond baseline), even after controlling for children's internalizing and externalizing problems at Wave 1 and other covariates. The stepcouple relationship was not directly linked to youth outcomes. Our findings provide implications for future research and practice.
Parametric Design of Minimal Mass Tensegrity Bridges Under Yielding and Buckling Constraints
Creators: name: Carpentieri, Gerardo
name: Skelton, Robert E.
name: Fraternali, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates the use of the most fundamental elements; cables for tension and bars for compression, in the search for the most efficient bridges. Stable arrangements of these elements are called tensegrity structures. We show herein the minimal mass arrangement of these basic elements to satisfy both yielding and buckling constraints. We show that the minimal mass solution for a simply-supported bridge subject to buckling constraints matches Michell's 1904 paper which treats the case of only yield constraints, even though our boundary conditions differ. The necessary and sufficient condition is given for the minimal mass bridge to lie totally above (or below) deck. Furthermore this condition depends only on material properties. If one ignores joint mass, and considers only bridges above deck level, the optimal complexity (number of elements in the bridge) tends toward infinity (producing a material continuum). If joint mass is considered then the optimal complexity is finite. The optimal (minimal mass) bridge below deck has the smallest possible complexity (and therefore cheaper to build), and under reasonable material choices, yields the smallest mass bridge.
description: 56 pages, 25 figures, 13 tables. Internal Report 2014-1: University of California, San Diego, 2014
Exotic roton excitations in quadrupolar Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Lahrz, M.
name: Lemeshko, Mikhail
name: Mathey, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the occurrence of rotons in a quadrupolar Bose-Einstein condensate confined to two dimensions. Depending on the particle density, the ratio of the contact and quadrupole-quadrupole interactions, and the alignment of the quadrupole moments with respect to the confinement plane, the dispersion relation features two or four point-like roton minima, or one ring-shaped minimum. We map out the entire parameter space of the roton behavior and identify the instability regions. We propose to observe the exotic rotons by monitoring the characteristic density wave dynamics resulting from a short local perturbation, and discuss the possibilities to detect the predicted effects in state-of-the-art experiments with ultracold homonuclear molecules.