cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Separation of immunoglobulins from egg yolk using metal chelate interaction chromatography and ion exchange chromatography
Creators: name: McCannel, Anne Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The immune response of chickens immunized with β-N-acetylglucosaminidase was monitored in the egg yolks of the birds using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Significantly higher levels of specific antibodies were detected in the yolks of the birds immunized with the enzyme when compared with the yolks of a control bird collected over the same period significant differences also were found in the response within the immunized group of birds, indicating individual variability to the injections. Immunoglobulins were isolated from egg yolk after a preliminary purification using alginate to precipitate lipoproteins. A ten millilitre DEAE-Sephacel ion exchange chromatography column resulted in a final product containing 16 mg of IgG with a purity of 60% when 50 mL of an egg yolk supernatant was applied. Specific antibody activity toward the antigens β-lactoglobulin and E. coli lipopolysaccharide was higher in both cases in the isolated immunoglobulin fractions which contained lower purity (40%). Lower antibody activity was observed in the 60% purified fractions. Separation of specific antibodies from non-specific antibodies appeared to occur, possibly due to the given characteristics of the specific antibodies, or due to the differences exhibited by chicken IgG subpopulations. Using metal chelate interaction chromatography, a 10 mL copper-loaded column was able to yield 104 mg of IgG with a purity of 75% when 200 mL egg yolk supernatant was applied. Again, the heterogeneous nature of chicken IgG was illustrated. A comparison of the two chromatographic techniques indicated the advantages of metal chelate interaction chromatography over ion exchange chromatography under the conditions examined. Applications of the chicken IgG isolated by metal chelate interaction chromatography to an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of β-N-acetylglucosaminidase was attempted. Linear relationships were obtained when standard solutions of the enzyme were used in the assay. The results indicate that MCIC-isolated chicken immunoglobulins have excellent potential for use in analytical tests.
Gypsy Moth: Program Accomplishments Report
Creators: name: Combined Forest Pest Research And Development Program
name: Combined Forest Pest Research And Development Program
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Excerpts from the report: To help pest control agencies, forest managers, and landowners cope with the recently severe gypsy moth problem, in 1975 the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) initiated the Expanded Gypsy Moth Program. The overall goal of the program was to find ecologically sound, biologically integrated, and thoroughly practical measures for managing the gypsy moth and reducing its damage. Four USDA agencies, State and other Federal agencies, cooperating universities, and private industries were involved in the coordinated effort. This report summarizes the activities of the 4-year gypsy moth program (1975-78) and highlights important research findings.
Search for pulsation among suspected A-type binaries and the new multiperiodic Delta Scuti star HD217860
Creators: name: Fremat, Yves
name: Lampens, P.
name: Van Cauteren, P.
name: Kleidis, S.
name: Gazeas, K.
name: Niarchos, P.
name: Neiner, C.
name: Dimitrov, D.
name: Cuypers, J.
name: Montalban, J.
name: De Cat, P.
name: Robertson, C. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have explored a sample of suspected A-type binaries in a systematic way, both spectroscopically and photometrically. Due to their location in the H-R diagram, indications of pulsation and/or chemical peculiarities among these suspected binary (or multiple) systems may be found. High-resolution spectroscopy obtained with the ELODIE and MUSICOS spectrographs was used in combination with a few nights of differential CCD photometry in order to search for pulsation(s). Of the 32 investigated targets, eight are spectroscopic binaries, one of which is a close binary also showing eclipses, and three have been identified as Delta Scuti pulsators with rapid line-profile variations. Among the latter stars, HD 217860 reveals interesting multiperiodic photometric and spectroscopic variations, with up to eight frequencies common to two large photometric data sets. We suggest that at least one radial overtone mode is excited among the two most dominant frequencies. We furthermore found evidence for a strong modulation of the amplitude(s) and/or the (radial) frequency content of this intriguing Delta Scuti star.
description: 16 pages, 12 Postscript figures, 1 long table. Table 2 is only available in electronic form. Journal-ref: Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press (2007)
Deep learning methods for the computation of vibrational wavefunctions
Creators: name: Domingo, Laia
name: Borondo, Florentino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we design and use two Deep Learning models to generate the ground and excited wavefunctions of different Hamiltonians suitable for the study the vibrations of molecular systems. The generated neural networks are trained with Hamiltonians that have analytical solutions, and ask the network to generalize these solutions to more complex Hamiltonian functions. This approach allows to reproduce the excited vibrational wavefunctions of different molecular potentials. All methodologies used here are data-driven, therefore they do not assume any information about the underlying physical model of the system. This makes this approach versatile, and can be used in the study of multiple systems in quantum chemistry.
Strongly pseudoconvex domains as subvarieties of complex manifolds
Creators: name: Drnovsek, Barbara Drinovec
name: Forstneric, Franc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32C25, 32E10, 32F10, 32H02 (Primary), 14J99, 32M10, 53C55 (Secondary)

description: In this paper (a sequel to B. Drinovec Drnovsek and F. Forstneric, Holomorphic curves in complex spaces, Duke Math. J. 139 (2007), 203-253) we obtain existence and approximation results for closed complex subvarieties that are normalized by strongly pseudoconvex Stein domains. Our sufficient condition for the existence of such subvarieties in a complex manifold is expressed in terms of the Morse indices and the number of positive Levi eigenvalues of an exhaustion function on the manifold. Examples show that our condition cannot be weakened in general. Optimal results are obtained for subvarieties of this type in complements of compact complex submanifolds with Griffiths positive normal bundle; in the projective case these results generalize classical theorems of Remmert, Bishop and Narasimhan concerning proper holomorphic maps and embeddings to complex Euclidean spaces.
Efficient distributed algorithms for Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Li, Rui
name: Xu, Yufan
name: Sukumaran-Rajam, Aravind
name: Rountev, Atanas
name: Sadayappan, P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Several efficient distributed algorithms have been developed for matrix-matrix multiplication: the 3D algorithm, the 2D SUMMA algorithm, and the 2.5D algorithm. Each of these algorithms was independently conceived and they trade-off memory needed per node and the inter-node data communication volume. The convolutional neural network (CNN) computation may be viewed as a generalization of matrix-multiplication combined with neighborhood stencil computations. We develop communication-efficient distributed-memory algorithms for CNNs that are analogous to the 2D/2.5D/3D algorithms for matrix-matrix multiplication.
description: Proceedings of the 33rd ACM Symposium on Parallelism in Algorithms and Architectures (SPAA '21), July 6--8, 2021, Virtual Event, USA
Physical and chemical properties of apple juice and apple juice particulate
Creators: name: McKenzie, Darrell-Lee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In order to prevent enzymatic oxidation of phenols during the centrifugal extraction of juice from apple purée, a sulfite or ascorbic acid treatment followed by blanching has been proposed. However, juice from blanched puree is more turbid and difficult to clarify than juice processed without blanching. In order to better understand the effect of blanching on juice turbidity as well as to provide more information concerning the effect of cultivar, post-harvest storage and enzyme treatment on juice quality, the chemical and physical properties of apple juice and apple juice particulate from fresh and stored McIntosh, Red Delicious and Spartan apples processed with and without enzyme digestion and with and without blanching were examined. Analysis of juice included measurement of: soluble solids, total sugars (by HPLC), sucrose, glucose, fructose, sorbitol, pH, titratable acidity, total acidity (by HPLC), citric acid, galacturonic acid, malic acid, quinic acid, succinic acid, pectin (as anhydrogalacturonic acid by HPLC) and turbidity (as absorbance at 600 nm). Analysis of particulate included measurement of dry matter weight, pectin, protein and zeta potential as well as thin sectioning, negative staining and shadow casting transmission electron microscopy. Chemical analysis of apple juice showed that the levels of organic acids, sugars and soluble pectin differed between cultivars. However, no varietal differences were observed in the chemical or microscopic analysis of cloud material. Blanching of apple puree, on the other hand, increased apple juice turbidity by increasing the amount of particulate suspended in the juice. Furthermore, blanching stabilized suspended particulate by what appeared to be the formation of a protective colloid which prevented particle aggregation through electrostatic repulsion. Post-harvest apple storage also resulted in changes to juice particulate, which were observed as gel formation during juice storage at 0°C and as a web-like aspect in the microscopic appearance of juice particulate. Treatment of apple purée with Ir-gazyme 100 decreased juice turbidity, resulting in the concomitant decrease in both the level of soluble juice pectin and the amount of suspended cloud material. Use of enzyme treatment and blanching in the processing of apple juice was demonstrated by stepwise discriminant analysis to allow production of four unique apple juice products.
Dithiocarbamates as potent inhibitors of nuclear factor kappa B activation in intact cells
Creators: name: Schreck, R.
name: Meier, B.
name: Männel, D. N.
name: Dröge, W.
name: Baeuerle, P. A.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Base Sequence
subject: Cell Line
subject: Chelating Agents/pharmacology
subject: DNA
subject: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
subject: Humans
subject: Lipopolysaccharides/metabolism
subject: Molecular Sequence Data
subject: NF-kappa B/antagonists & inhibitors
subject: Pyrrolidines/pharmacology
subject: Superoxides/metabolism
subject: Thiocarbamates/pharmacology
subject: Transcriptional Activation/drug effects

description: Dithiocarbamates and iron chelators were recently considered for the treatment of AIDS and neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we show that dithiocarbamates and metal chelators can potently block the activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B), a transcription factor involved in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) expression, signaling, and immediate early gene activation during inflammatory processes. Using cell cultures, the pyrrolidine derivative of dithiocarbamate (PDTC) was investigated in detail. Micromolar amounts of PDTC reversibly suppressed the release of the inhibitory subunit I kappa B from the latent cytoplasmic form of NF-kappa B in cells treated with phorbol ester, interleukin 1, and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Other DNA binding activities and the induction of AP-1 by phorbol ester were not affected. The antioxidant PDTC also blocked the activation of NF-kappa B by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), suggesting a role of oxygen radicals in the intracellular signaling of LPS. This idea was supported by demonstrating that treatment of pre-B and B cells with LPS induced the production of O2- and H2O2. PDTC prevented specifically the kappa B-dependent transactivation of reporter genes under the control of the HIV-1 long terminal repeat and simian virus 40 enhancer. The results from this study lend further support to the idea that oxygen radicals play an important role in the activation of NF-kappa B and HIV-1.
Inclusive Education in Catholic Schools: Teacher Attitudes, Concerns, and Efficacy
Creators: name: Kowalski, Coleen Henning
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: The US Catholic school system is the largest non-public school system. Teachers in US Catholic schools support students with diverse learning needs in significant numbers without the legal and policy support and funding found in the public school system. In placing a Catholic school general education teacher in the role of primary inclusive support, the question of their attitudes, concerns, and efficacy on inclusion became the focus of this research. Using quantitative surveys, including open-ended questions, allowed for the collection of qualitative and quantitative data. Utilizing the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1991) and the Factors found to influence teacher self-efficacy for inclusive education, Wray et al. (2022) to view teachers' responses and experiences as a gauge of their intentions to teach inclusively.

This study recruited elementary teachers from one Midwest Catholic Archdiocese to participate in an electronic survey. The survey responses identified some generalities within the population. Two areas with overall positive response rates were teacher beliefs that all students should be included and the academic and social benefits of inclusion for students with diverse learning needs. Two areas of concern included teachers’ generally high levels of concern related to their knowledge and skill needed to teach diverse learners and that diverse learner inclusion will cause them to have increased stress and anxiety levels. Additionally, when viewing the data on efficacy, numerous respondents identified low confidence levels related to teaching students with disabilities in their general education classroom.

Due to limitations, including low response rates, data analysis yielding generalizable results was limited. However, exploratory analysis did identify teachers’ common beliefs, concerns, attitudes, and issues related to self-efficacy to support students with diverse learning needs. Those themes within the data present opportunities to be explored with further research. Teacher attitudes related to including students with diverse learning needs in Catholic elementary schools is an area with limited research available. This study begins to help fill the gap in Catholic school research while identifying opportunities to expand the understanding of the attitudes, concerns, and efficacy related to diverse learner inclusion of the teachers in Catholic elementary schools.
Differentiating densities on smooth manifolds
Creators: name: Sliwiak, Adam A.
name: Wang, Qiqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A25, 37M05, 65D30

description: Lebesgue integration of derivatives of strongly-oscillatory functions is a recurring challenge in computational science and engineering. Integration by parts is an effective remedy for huge computational costs associated with Monte Carlo integration schemes. In case of Lebesgue integrals over a smooth manifold, however, integration by parts gives rise to a derivative of the density implied by charts describing the domain manifold. This paper focuses on the computation of that derivative, which we call the density gradient function, on general smooth manifolds. We analytically derive formulas for the density gradient and present examples of manifolds determined by popular differential equation-driven systems. We highlight the significance of the density gradient by demonstrating a numerical example of Monte Carlo integration involving oscillatory integrands.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures, submitted to journal
A Reusable Metasurface Template
Creators: name: Li, Jianxiong
name: Yu, Ping
name: Zhang, Shuang
name: Liu, Na
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metasurfaces have revolutionized the design concepts for opticalcomponents, fostering an excitingfield offlat optics. Thanks to theflat and ultrathinnature, metasurfaces possess unique advantages over conventional optical components,such as lightweight, high compatibility, among others. To comply with potential appli-cations, further research endeavors need to be exerted for advancing the reusability andpracticality of metasurfaces. In this work, we demonstrate a reusable template approachto achieve optical multifunctionality with metasurfaces, utilizing both the geometric andpropagation phases to shape light waves. In principle, such a metasurface template can beemployed infinite times to enable a large variety of optical functions. As proof-of-conceptexperiments, we demonstrate metalensing, holography, and vortex beam shaping. Ourwork will leverage the high scalability aspects of metasurface devices for practical applications.
Gypsy Moth: Forest Influence
Creators: name: Campbell, Robert W.
name: Campbell, Robert W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Invasion and subsequent heavy defoliation of a composite forest in eastern New England by the gypsy moth produced visual symptoms that disappeared in a few years, but secondary consequences lasted for decades. Repeated defoliation resulted in drastic alterations in the forest, stand density dropped dramatically, and overall species composition changed. However, these changes reduced the forest's susceptibility to further defoliation and damage. Patterns of forest succession can be altered through defoliation.
Southern Pine Beetle: Program Accomplishments Report
Creators: name: Combined Forest Pest Research And Development Program
name: Combined Forest Pest Research And Development Program
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Excerpts from the report Introduction: What is the southern pine beetle? It is a member of the bark beetle family—a notorious group of insects that includes many serious pests of North American forests. The SPB may be found from around Chesapeake Bay and the central Appalachian Mountains of Maryland and Virginia through the Southeastern and Gulf States into Texas. It is a native insect and attacks all major species of pine, with damage most severe in loblolly and shortleaf pines. Although damage varies from year to year and from place to place, the beetle inflicts heavy losses on southern forests. In the early 1970's, the SPB killed trees containing more than 879 million board feet of sawtimber—enough to build about 55,000 houses.
Duality and semi-group property for backward parabolic Ito equations
Creators: name: Dokuchaev, Nikolai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J55, 60J60, 60H10, 34F05, 34G10

description: We study existence, uniqueness, semi-group property, and a priori estimates for solutions for backward parabolic Ito equations in domains with boundary. We study also duality between forward and backward equations. The semi-group for backward equations is established in the form of some anti-causality. The novelty is that the semi-group property involves the diffusion term that is a part of the solution.
Controlling Runoff for Livestock Feedlots: A State of the Art
Creators: name: Gilbertson, Conrad B.
name: Nye, John C.
name: Clark, R. Nolan
name: Swanson, Norris P.
name: Gilbertson, Conrad B.
name: Nye, John C.
name: Clark, R. Nolan
name: Swanson, Norris P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: runoff
subject: feedlot-runoff control
subject: animal wastes
subject: settling pond
subject: detention pond
subject: surface drainage

description: This publication summarizes the current state of the art on runoff control from beef, dairy, swine, sheep, and turkey feedlots. Amendments to the Federal Water Pollution Control Act have established a goal to eliminate pollutant discharges into the Nation's waterways by 1983. Sections on the legal implications of feedlot-runoff control, quantity and quality of runoff, runoff-control facilities and their applications, and disposal of the controlled runoff are included.
Flow structure and loads over inclined cylindrical rodlike particles and fibers
Creators: name: Kharrouba, Mohammed
name: Pierson, Jean-Lou
name: Magnaudet, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The flow past a fixed finite-length circular cylinder, the axis of which makes a nonzero angle with the incoming stream, is studied through fully-resolved simulations, from creeping-flow conditions to strongly inertial regimes. The investigation focuses on the way the body aspect ratio $χ$ (defined as as the length-to-diameter ratio), the inclination angle $θ$ with respect to the incoming flow and the Reynolds number $\text{Re}$ (based on the cylinder diameter) affect the flow structure past the body and therefore the hydrodynamic loads acting on it. The configuration $θ=0^\circ$ (where the cylinder is aligned with the flow) is considered first, from creeping-flow conditions up to $\text{Re}=400$, with aspect ratios up to $20$ ($10$) for $\text{Re}\leq10$ ($\text{Re}\geq10$). In the low-to-moderate Reynolds number regime ($\text{Re}\lesssim5$), influence or the aspect ratio, inclination (from $0^{\circ}$ to $30^{\circ}$), and inertial effects is examined by comparing numerical results for the axial and transverse force components and the spanwise torque with theoretical predictions based on the slender-body approximation, possibly incorporating finite-Reynolds-number corrections. Semiempirical models based on these predictions and incorporating finite-length and inertial corrections extracted from the numerical data are derived. For large enough Reynolds numbers ($\text{Re}\gtrsim10^2$), separation takes place along the upstream part of the lateral surface of the cylinder, deeply influencing the surface stress distribution. Numerical results are used to build empirical models for the force components and the torque, valid for moderately inclined cylinders ($|θ|\lesssim30^\circ$) of arbitrary aspect ratio up to $\text{Re}\approx300$ and matching those obtained at low-to-moderate Reynolds number.
description: 25 pages, 25 figures
Geodesics and Geodesic Deviation in static Charged Black Holes
Creators: name: Gad, Ragab M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radial motion along null geodesics in static charged black hole space-times, in particular, the Reissner-Nordström and stringy charged black holes are studied. We analyzed the properties of the effective potential. The circular photon orbits in these space-times are investigated. We found that the radius of circular photon orbits in both charged black holes are different and differ from that given in Schwarzschild space-time. We studied the physical effects of the gravitational field between two test particles in stringy charged black hole and compared the results with that given in Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordström black holes.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, small changes, figures and references added, conclusions changed. A improved, version accepted in Astrophysics and Space Science
Percolation on feature-enriched interconnected systems
Creators: name: Artime, Oriol
name: De Domenico, Manlio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Percolation is an emblematic model to assess the robustness of interconnected systems when some of their components are corrupted. It is usually investigated in simple scenarios, such as the removal of the system's units in random order, or sequentially ordered by specific topological descriptors. However, in the vast majority of empirical applications, it is required to dismantle the network following more sophisticated protocols, for instance, by combining topological properties and non-topological node metadata. We propose a novel mathematical framework to fill this gap: networks are enriched with features and their nodes are removed according to the importance in the feature space. We consider features of different nature, from ones related to the network construction to ones related to dynamical processes such as epidemic spreading. Our framework not only provides a natural generalization of percolation but, more importantly, offers an accurate way to test the robustness of networks in realistic scenarios.
description: 16 pages (+7 Suppl. Mat.), 6 figures (+6 Suppl. Mat.)
Geschichte der Arbeiterschaft und der Arbeiterbewegung in Schottland: Die Geschichtsschreibung der letzten zwanzig Jahre
Creators: name: Fischer, Conan
name: Knox, William
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: Scottish labour history has developed within the distinctive context of a nation which possesses a well-defined set of civil institutions and a fiercely-held identity, but which lacks a legislature of its own. The involvement of the Scottish labour movement in the campaign to restore Scotland's parliament complicates its historiography, while historians themselves have, directly or indirectly, become caught up in attempts to assert a Scottish national iden-tity. Thus, in addition to the more familiar and universal issue of social class, questions of nationhood define the subject matter of Scottish labour history. Labour history writing in Scotland has also been influenced and, to a degree, inspired, by external factors - notably by the work of the English historian E.P. Thompson - and all in all a flourishing labour history lit-erature based both in the universities and more widely has developed. This werk, however, has yet to examine all the facets of the working class' historical experience; werk on popular struggle, women's history and the rise of the salaried employee are among themes to be explored more fully. In more general terms Scottish labour histo-rians have yet to integrate themselves significantly within a broader, European historiography.
description: Moving the Social, Vol 11 (1991): Arbeiterschaft und Arbeiterbewegung in Großbritannien. Forschungsstand und Perspektiven der Forschung
Schwerpunktthema: Forschungen zur Arbeiterschaft und Arbeiterbewegung in Polen
Creators: name: Grebing, Helga
name: Żarnowska, Anna
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Schwerpunktthema: Forschungen zur Arbeiterschaft und Arbeiterbewegung in Polen" of MTS 13 (1993).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 13 (1993): Forschungen zur Arbeiterschaft und Arbeiterbewegung in Polen
Non-Equilibrium Ionization Plasma During Large Solar Limb Flare Observed by Hinode/EIS
Creators: name: Imada, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study on plasma heating considers the time-dependent ionization process during a large solar flare on September 10, 2017, observed by Hinode/EIS. The observed FeXXIV / FeXXIII ratios increase downstream of the reconnection outflow, and they are consistent with the time-dependent ionization effect at a constant electron temperature Te = 25 MK. Moreover, this study also shows that the non-thermal velocity, which can be related to the turbulent velocity, reduces significantly along the downstream of the reconnection outflow, even when considering the time-dependent ionization process.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
An Algebraic Analysis of Conchoids to Algebraic Curves
Creators: name: Sendra, J. Rafael
name: Sendra, Juana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study conchoids to algebraic curve from the perspective of algebraic geometry, analyzing their main algebraic properties. We introduce the formal definition of conchoid of an algebraic curve by means of incidence diagrams. We prove that, with the exception of a circle centered at the focus and taking $d$ as its radius, the conchoid is an algebraic curve having at most two irreducible components. In addition, we introduce the notions of special and simple components of a conchoid. Moreover we state that, with the exception of lines passing through the focus, the conchoid always has at least one simple component and that, for almost every distance, all the components of the conchoid are simple. We state that, in the reducible case, simple conchoid components are birationally equivalent to the initial curve, and we show how special components can be used to decide whether a given algebraic curve is the conchoid of another curve.
description: 8 figures
Sub-Doppler spectra of sodium $D$ lines in a wide range of magnetic field: theoretical study
Creators: name: Momier, Rodolphe
name: Papoyan, Aram V.
name: Leroy, Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the interaction of a sodium vapor with a static magnetic field ranging from 0 up to 1 Tesla, which allows to obtain the behavior of all Zeeman transitions as a function of the magnetic field for any polarization of incident laser radiation: $π, σ^\pm$. We use these results combined with a Fabry-Pérot microcavity model to describe the transmitted and reflected signal of a sodium vapor confined in a nanometric-thin cell. This allows us to present for the first time high resolution absorption spectra, and provide a complete description of the Zeeman transitions, along with some important peculiarities such as the appearance of guiding transitions and magnetically-induced circular dichroism. The obtained theoretical results can be used in the upcoming experiments with sodium vapor nanocells.
description: 14 pages, 20 figures
Ethnographische Forschungen über die Kultur der polnischen Arbeiter im 19. und in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts
Creators: name: Gerlich, Marian G.
name: Stawarz, Andrzej
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Ethnographische Forschungen über die Kultur der polnischen Arbeiter im 19. und in der ersten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts" of MTS 13 (1993).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 13 (1993): Forschungen zur Arbeiterschaft und Arbeiterbewegung in Polen
Toward a global model of the interactions in low-lying states of methyl cyanide: rotational and rovibrational spectroscopy of the $v_4 = 1$ state and tentative interstellar detection of the $v_4 = v_8 = 1$ state in Sgr B2(N)
Creators: name: Müller, Holger S. P.
name: Belloche, Arnaud
name: Lewen, Frank
name: Drouin, Brian J.
name: Sung, Keeyoon
name: Garrod, Robin T.
name: Menten, Karl M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New and existing rotational spectra of methyl cyanide were analyzed to extend the global model of low-lying vibrational states and their interactions to $v_4=1$ at 920 cm$^{-1}$. The rotational spectra cover large portions of the 36$-$1439 GHz region and reach quantum numbers $J$ and $K$ of 79 and 16, respectively. Information on the $K$ level structure of CH$_3$CN is obtained from IR spectra. A spectrum of $2ν_8$ around 717 cm$^{-1}$, analyzed in our previous study, covered also the $ν_4$ band. The assignments in this band cover 880$-$952 cm$^{-1}$, attaining quantum numbers $J$ and $K$ of 61 and 13, respectively. The most important interaction of $v_4=1$ appears to be with $v_8=3$, $ΔK=0$, $Δl=+3$, a previously characterized anharmonic resonance. We report new analyses of interactions with $ΔK=-2$ and $Δl=+1$, with $ΔK=-4$ and $Δl=-1$, and with $ΔK=-6$ and $Δl=-3$; these four types of interactions connect all $l$ substates of $v_8=3$ in energy to $v_4=1$. A known $ΔK=-2$, $Δl=+1$ interaction with $v_7=1$ was also analyzed, and investigations of the $ΔK=+1$, $Δl=-2$ and $ΔK=+3$, $Δl=0$ resonances with $v_8=2$ were improved, as were interactions between successive states with $v_8\le 3$, mainly through new $v_8\le 2$ rotational data. A preliminary single state analysis of the $v_4=v_8=1$ state was carried out based on rotational transition frequencies and on $ν_4+ν_8-ν_8$ hot band data. A considerable fraction of the $K$ levels was reproduced within uncertainties in its entirety or in part, despite obvious widespread perturbations in $v_4=v_8=1$. We detect rotational transitions of methyl cyanide from within all vibrational states up to $v_4=1$ and $v_4=v_8=1$ tentatively toward the hot molecular core of Sagittarius B2(N) employing the Atacama Large Millimeter Array.
description: 30 pages, J. Mol. Spectrosc., accepted
The Absolute Integral Closure in Equicharacteristic Zero
Creators: name: Patankar, Shravan
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: Thesis thesis establishes basic properties of and answers a series of natural questions about the absolute integral closure in equicharacteristic zero. Two main results are summarized as follows. First, we show that it is not coherent as a ring, implying the corresponding statement in mixed characteristic answering an explicit question of Asgharzadeh. Second, we show that the vanishing of tors of characterizes regularity (in graded dimension 2) answering a question of Bhatt, Iyengar, and Ma and also showing that their "theorem", at the time of publication, had vacuous hypothesis. These give new perspectives and questions on corresponding known results in positive and mixed characteristics.
Three-body correlations in nonlinear response of correlated quantum liquid
Creators: name: Hata, Tokuro
name: Teratani, Yoshimichi
name: Arakawa, Tomonori
name: Lee, Sanghyun
name: Ferrier, Meydi
name: Deblock, Richard
name: Sakano, Rui
name: Oguri, Akira
name: Kobayashi, Kensuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Behavior of quantum liquids is a fascinating topic in physics. Even in a strongly correlated case, the linear response of a given system to an external field is described by the fluctuation-dissipation relations based on the two-body correlations in the equilibrium. However, to explore nonlinear non-equilibrium behaviors of the system beyond this well-established regime, the role of higher order correlations starting from the three-body correlations must be revealed. In this work, we experimentally investigate a controllable quantum liquid realized in a Kondo-correlated quantum dot and prove the relevance of the three-body correlations in the nonlinear conductance at finite magnetic field, which validates the recent Fermi liquid theory extended to the non-equilibrium regime.
Probing singularities in quantum cosmology with curvature scalars
Creators: name: Neto, G. Oliveira
name: Silva, E. V. Correa
name: Lemos, N. A.
name: Monerat, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide further evidence that the canonical quantization of cosmological models eliminates the classical Big Bang singularity, using the {\it DeBroglie-Bohm} interpretation of quantum mechanics. The usual criterion for absence of the Big Bang singularity in Friedmann-Robertson-Walker quantum cosmological models is the non-vanishing of the expectation value of the scale factor. We compute the `local expectation value' of the Ricci and Kretschmann scalars, for some quantum FRW models. We show that they are finite for all time. Since these scalars are elements of general scalar polynomials in the metric and the Riemann tensor, this result indicates that, for the quantum models treated here, the `local expectation value' of these general scalar polynomials should be finite everywhere. Therefore, we have further evidence that the quantization of the models treated here eliminates the classical Big Bang singularity. PACS: 04.40.Nr, 04.60.Ds, 98.80.Qc.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Verzeichnis der im IGA vorhandenen christilichen Arbeiterzeitschriften und - zeitungen
Creators: name: Chrose, Patricia
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Verzeichnis der im IGA vorhandenen christilichen Arbeiterzeitschriften und - zeitungen" of MTS 7 (1984).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 7 (1984): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Gibbs measures of Potts model on Cayley trees: a survey and applications
Creators: name: Rozikov, U. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B20 (82B26)

description: In this paper we give a systematic review of the theory of Gibbs measures of Potts model on Cayley trees (developed since 2013) and discuss many applications of the Potts model to real world situations: mainly biology, physics, and some examples of alloy behavior, cell sorting, financial engineering, flocking birds, flowing foams, image segmentation, medicine, sociology etc.
description: 49 pages, 13 figures
Making Budget Stabilization Funds Work
Creators: name: Choi, Eunjoo
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: This dissertation examined the impact of Budget Stabilization Fund (BSF) rule stringency on fiscal slack levels within state governments. Across the United States, states have implemented BSFs to stabilize their budgets during economic downturns. However, there is considerable variation in the stringency of rules governing BSF deposits and withdrawals among states. Drawing on insights from New Institutional Economics (NIE), the study sought to elucidate how the stringency of these rules influences states' saving and spending patterns.
Using Fixed Effects and Generalized Synthetic Control Method (GSCM) models, the research provides significant insights into state fiscal behaviors. The findings underscore a crucial policy implication concerning the efficacy of strict BSF regulations. Specifically, stringent deposit rules, such as imposing high caps, tying deposits to revenue volatility, and depositing surplus revenue into the BSF, positively influence BSF levels. This highlights the importance of establishing clearly defined saving obligations within BSF frameworks to enhance their size and resilience, serving as invaluable tools for state governments to prepare for economic downturns and alleviate fiscal stress.
Fixed Effects models reveal that stringent withdrawal rules impact General Fund Balance (GFB) levels, whereas stringent deposit rules do not. States that link withdrawals to revenue volatility and impose withdrawal limits tend to maintain higher GFB levels, suggesting that multiple stringent regulations encourage states to keep funds in the GFB for more accessible use than the BSF.
The study highlights the importance of stringent deposit rules in enhancing BSF levels for fiscal stabilization and reveals that stringent withdrawal rules significantly impact GFB levels. This suggests that strict withdrawal regulations complicate slack resources and have nuanced policy implications for effective fiscal management strategies in state governments. The findings contribute to understanding how institutional arrangements influence fiscal behaviors and provide practical insights for policymakers to refine BSF policies, enhancing their effectiveness in stabilizing budgets during economic downturns.
Centrality dependence of electroweak boson production in PbPb collisions at the LHC
Creators: name: Jonas, Florian
name: Loizides, Constantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent data on the nuclear modification of W and Z boson production measured by the ATLAS collaboration in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm nn}}=5.02$ TeV show an enhancement in peripheral collisions, seemingly contradicting predictions of the Glauber model. The data were previously explained by arguing that the nucleon-nucleon cross section may be shadowed in nucleus-nucleus collisions, and hence suppressed compared to the proton-proton cross section at the same collision energy. This interpretation has quite significant consequences for the understanding of heavy-ion data, in particular in the context of the Glauber model. Instead, we provide an alternative explanation of the data by assuming that there is a mild bias present in the centrality determination of the measurement; on the size of the related systematic uncertainty. Using this assumption, we show that the data is in agreement with theoretical calculations using nuclear parton distribution functions. Finally, we speculate that the centrality dependence of the W$^-$/W$^{+}$ ratio may point to the relevance of a larger skin thickness of the Pb nucleus, which, if present, would result in a few percent larger PbPb cross section than currently accounted for in the Glauber model and may hence be the root of the centrality bias.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, comments welcome
Universal Model of Finite-Reynolds Number Turbulent Flow in Channels and Pipes
Creators: name: L'vov, Victor S.
name: Procaccia, Itamar
name: Rudenko, Oleksii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter we suggest a simple and physically transparent analytical model of the pressure driven turbulent wall-bounded flows at high but finite Reynolds numbers Re. The model gives accurate qualitative description of the profiles of the mean-velocity and Reynolds-stresses (second order correlations of velocity fluctuations) throughout the entire channel or pipe in the wide range of Re, using only three Re-independent parameters. The model sheds light on the long-standing controversy between supporters of the century-old log-law theory of von-Kàrmàn and Prandtl and proposers of a newer theory promoting power laws to describe the intermediate region of the mean velocity profile.
description: 4 pages, 6 figs, re-submitted PRL according to referees comments
Beiträge aus der Arbeit des IGA Rhein, Ruhr und Revolution 1900-1923
Creators: name: Geary, Dick
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Beiträge aus der Arbeit des IGA Rhein, Ruhr und Revolution 1900-1923" of MTS 7 (1984).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 7 (1984): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Crop Residue Removal and Tillage: Effects on Soil Erosion and Nutrient Loss in the Corn Belt
Creators: name: Lindstrom, M. J.
name: Gupta, S. C.
name: Onstad, C. A.
name: Holt, R. F.
name: Larson, W. E.
name: Lindstrom, M. J.
name: Gupta, S. C.
name: Onstad, C. A.
name: Holt, R. F.
name: Larson, W. E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: soil erosion
subject: crop residues
subject: tillage
subject: nutrients
subject: conservation

description: Soil erosion in the United States is occurring at a rate of about twice the tolerance limit established by the Soil Conservation Service. If no conservation practices are used, the rate of soil erosion would increase by about 33 percent. Crop residue removal for alternative use may intensify an already serious problem. In this study, we calculated the amounts of crop residues produced in the Corn Belt, the amounts of nutrients contained in the residue, and the effect of crop residue removal on soil erosion. We use the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and current cropping practices to predict soil erosion for five residue and tillage management systems to determine the amounts of residue that can be removed from the major land resource areas (MLRA) in the Corn Belt without undue damage to the soil. Results from this study identify areas where crop residues feasibly may be removed for alternative use and also identify areas where crop residue in conjunction with conservation tillage systems is necessary to maintain soil erosion losses within tolerance limits.
Additional file 1 of Liver biomarkers, lipid metabolites, and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in a prospective study among Chinese pregnant women
Creators: name: Wu, Ping
name: Wang, Yi
name: Ye, Yi
name: Yang, Xue
name: Huang, Yichao
name: Ye, Yixiang
name: Lai, Yuwei
name: Ouyang, Jing
name: Wu, Linjing
name: Xu, Jianguo
name: Yuan, Jiaying
name: Hu, Yayi
name: Wang, Yi-Xin
name: Liu, Gang
name: Chen, Da
name: Pan, An
name: Pan, Xiong-Fei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Associations of liver biomarkers with blood glucose values in OGTT. Table S2. Joint associations of higher liver enzymes with risk of GDM. Table S3. Association of HSI with risk of GDM stratified by pre-pregnancy BMI and alcohol drinking status. Table S4. Associations of liver biomarkers with GDM after excluding participants with a history of GDM, current smokers, or current drinkers. Table S5. Associations of liver biomarkers with GDM among participants within relatively normal range of liver biomarkers. Table S6. Associations of liver biomarkers with GDM after multiple imputation. Table S7. Associations of liver biomarkers with GDM in Poisson regression. Table S8. Associations of liver biomarkers with GDM in a subset of 921 participants. Table S9. Association of HSI-related lipid score with GDM in a subset of 948 participants. Figure S1. Flowchart of the participant selection. Figure S2. Restricted cubic spline analyses for the associations of liver biomarkers with GDM risk. Figure S3. Spearman partial correlations between liver biomarkers and metabolic profiles.