cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
As Long as I Don’t Have to Drive Myself
Creators: name: Schandl, Franziska
name: Hudecek, Matthias
name: Dong-O’Brien, Jing
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: anxiety; arti4cial intelligence; autonomous driving; autonomous vehicle acceptance; public transport; trait anxiety
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: As a new, highly complex, and far-reaching technology, autonomous driving can be associated with various fears and uncertainties. However, recent findings show that high trait anxiety can positively contribute to the intention to use (ITU) autonomous vehicles (AVs). An explanation for this is that the possibility of handing over one’s driving control to artificial intelligence (AI) is even more relieving for more anxious people. Our study aimed to test whether this explanation can be supported by investigating to what extent this relationship can be applied to buses in which control is handed over per se–in the conventional bus to a driver, and in the autonomous bus to the AI. We also analyzed how the fear of giving up control mediates the relationship between trait anxiety and ITU. In a quasi-experimental study, 253 subjects were surveyed while riding an autonomous or conventional electric bus. The results confirmed a positive association between trait anxiety and ITU in the overall sample but not in the autonomous and conventional subsamples. Contrary to our assumptions, fear of giving up control served as a slightly suppressive but not significant mediator. The results were independent of whether control was handed over to a human driver in the conventional electric bus or to AI in the autonomous bus. Our study thus provides fundamental new insights into the acceptance of AVs and buses in general and opens the door for subsequent research based on these findings.
Charge density wave and superconducting phase in monolayer InSe
Creators: name: Alidoosti, Mohammad
name: Esfahani, Davoud Nasr
name: Asgari, Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the completed investigation of a possible superconducting phase in monolayer indium selenide is determined using first-principles calculations for both the hole and electron doping systems. The hole-doped dependence of the Fermi surface is exclusively fundamental for monolayer InSe. It leads to the extensive modification of the Fermi surface from six separated pockets to two pockets by increasing the hole densities. For low hole doping levels of the system, below the Lifshitz transition point, superconductive critical temperatures $T_c \sim 55-75$ K are obtained within anisotropic Eliashberg theory depending on varying amounts of the Coulomb potential from 0.2 to 0.1. However, for some hole doping above the Lifshitz transition point, the combination of the temperature dependence of the bare susceptibility and the strong electron-phonon interaction gives rise to a charge density wave that emerged at a temperature far above the corresponding $T_c$. Having included non-adiabatic effects, we could carefully analyze conditions for which either a superconductive or charge density wave phase occurs in the system. In addition, monolayer InSe becomes dynamically stable by including non-adiabatic effects for different carrier concentrations at room temperature.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, To appear in Phys. Rev. B
Additional file 3 of A descriptive study of acute outbreaks of respiratory disease in Norwegian fattening pig herds
Creators: name: Cohen, Liza Miriam
name: Grøntvedt, Carl Andreas
name: Klem, Thea B.
name: Gulliksen, Stine Margrethe
name: Ranheim, Birgit
name: Nielsen, Jens Peter
name: Valheim, Mette
name: Kielland, Camilla
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Details of sample handling and diagnostics. A document containing extended details of sample handling and laboratory diagnostic methods performed in the study of acute respiratory disease outbreaks.
Persistent Cover Crop Adoption Varies by Primary Commodity Crop
Creators: name: Wallander, Steven
name: Wallander, Steven
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Cover crops
subject: Farming operations
subject: Production practices
subject: Corn
subject: Cotton
subject: Wheat
subject: Soybeans
subject: Crop rotation

description: The use of cover crops on U.S. cropland increased by 50 percent between 2012 and 2017. During this period, Federal and State conservation programs increased efforts to promote cover crops through financial and technical assistance. Cover crops—such as unharvested cereal rye, oats, winter wheat, or clover—are typically added to a crop rotation during the period in between two commodity or forage crops. Cover crops provide a living, seasonal coverage of soil that can result in a variety of on-farm benefits such as increased soil moisture capacity. Cover crops can also provide public environmental benefits such as less runoff of sediments and nutrients into waterways, reduced flooding in watersheds, and greater soil carbon sequestration.
Tilted and crossing vortex chains in layered superconductors
Creators: name: Koshelev, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the presence of the Josephson vortex lattice in layered superconductors, a small c-axis magnetic field penetrates in the form of vortex chains. In general, the structure of a single chain is determined by the ratio of the London [$λ$] and Josephson [$λ_{J}$] lengths, $α= λ/λ_{J}$. The chain is composed of tilted vortices at large $α$'s (tilted chain) and at small $α$'s it consists of a crossing array of Josephson vortices and pancake-vortex stacks (crossing chain). We study chain structures at intermediate $α$'s and found two types of phase transitions. For $α\lesssim 0.6$ the ground state is given by the crossing chain in a wide range of pancake separations $a\gtrsim [2-3]λ_J$. However, due to attractive coupling between deformed pancake stacks, the equilibrium separation can not exceed some maximum value depending on the in-plane field and $α$. The first phase transition takes place with decreasing pancake-stack separation $a$ at $a=[1-2]λ_{J}$, and rather wide range of the ratio $α$, $0.4 \lesssim α\lesssim 0.65$. With decreasing $a$, the crossing chain goes through intermediate strongly-deformed configurations and smoothly transforms into a tilted chain via a second-order phase transition. Another phase transition occurs at very small densities of pancake vortices, $a\sim [20-30]λ_J$, and only when $α$ exceeds a certain critical value $\sim 0.5$. In this case a small c-axis field penetrates in the form of kinks. However, at very small concentration of kinks, the kinked chains are replaced with strongly deformed crossing chains via a first-order phase transition. This transition is accompanied by a very large jump in the pancake density.
description: Proceeding of the NATO ARW "Vortex dynamics in superconductors and other complex systems", Yalta, Crimea, Ukraine, 13-17 September 2004, To be published in the Journ. of Low Temp. Phys., 16 pages, 6 figures
Analysis of the Constraints to the Development of a Domestic Improved Seed Potato Industry in Mali
Creators: name: Diallo, Marthe
name: Diallo, Marthe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Principal-agent model
subject: seed systems
subject: Mali
subject: agricultural technology development
subject: input markets
subject: contracting
subject: potatoes

description: This paper outlines proposed research, using concepts of New Institutional Economics, to identify the factors constraining the emergence of a market for domestically produced improved seed potatoes in Mali. It uses the Principal –Agent model to outline how to investigate the feasibility of developing a domestic seed potato industry in Mali by applying the concepts of efficient contract designs and other institutional arrangements. This research will contribute to the literature on: (a) contract and institutional design in the context of asymmetric information and uncertainty typical of agricultural markets in low-income countries and (b) design of improved seed production systems, particularly for clonal crops, in developing countries. The Malian potato sub-sector has expanded rapidly over the past 20 years due to increasing domestic and regional demand. Despite the expansion, the production is constrained by the high cost of seed due to Mali’s total reliance on imported improved potato seeds. Recently, Dr. Bretaudeau and his research team at the school of agriculture at the University of Bamako have used tissue culture techniques to develop locally produced improved virus-free potato mini and micro tubers (potato seed) from the laboratory. In collaboration with researchers, farmers, input traders, and other actors involved in potatoes sub-sector, this research will help me investigate two hypotheses to respond the following question: what are the conditions necessary to go from this lab-based production to a local private-sector potato seed industry that would be competitive with the imported seed potatoes?
Local modularity measure for network clusterizations
Creators: name: Muff, Stefanie
name: Rao, Francesco
name: Caflisch, Amedeo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many complex networks have an underlying modular structure, i.e., structural subunits (communities or clusters) characterized by highly interconnected nodes. The modularity $Q$ has been introduced as a measure to assess the quality of clusterizations. $Q$ has a global view, while in many real-world networks clusters are linked mainly \emph{locally} among each other (\emph{local cluster-connectivity}). Here, we introduce a new measure, localized modularity $LQ$, which reflects local cluster structure. Optimization of $Q$ and $LQ$ on the clusterization of two biological networks shows that the localized modularity identifies more cohesive clusters, yielding a complementary view of higher granularity.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, RevTex4; Changed content
Fragile ergodic phases in logarithmically-normal Rosenzweig-Porter model
Creators: name: Khaymovich, I. M.
name: Kravtsov, V. E.
name: Altshuler, B. L.
name: Ioffe, L. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we suggest an extension of the Rosenzweig-Porter (RP) model, the LN-RP model, in which the off-diagonal matrix elements have a wide, log-normal distribution. We argue that this model is more suitable to describe a generic many body localization problem. In contrast to RP model, in LN-RP model a fragile weakly ergodic phase appears that is characterized by broken basis-rotation symmetry which the fully-ergodic phase, also present in this model, strictly respects in the thermodynamic limit. Therefore, in addition to the localization and ergodic transitions in LN-RP model there exists also the transition between the two ergodic phases (FWE transition). We suggest new criteria of stability of the non-ergodic phases which give the points of localization and ergodic transitions and prove that the Anderson localization transition in LN-RP model involves a jump in the fractal dimension of the eigenfunction support set. We also formulate the criterion of FWE transition and obtain the full phase diagram of the model. We show that truncation of the log-normal tail shrinks the region of weakly-ergodic phase and restores the multifractal and the fully-ergodic phases.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, 76 references + 7 pages, 7 figures, 1 table in Appendices. Added the justification of fractal structure of minibands (Sec. IX, Fig. 7)
Calibration of an Agricultural Sector Model for the Region Khorezm (Uzbekistan) based on Survey Data
Creators: name: Mueller, Marc
name: Djanibekov, Nodir
name: Mueller, Marc
name: Djanibekov, Nodir
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: supply model calibration
subject: positive mathematical programming
subject: technology coefficient estimation

description: The paper describes the approach used for the calibration of a price-endogenous programming model, developed for the agricultural sector of the region Khorezm in Uzbekistan. Extensive datasets from farm surveys were used to parameterize the model, which nevertheless tended to over-specialization and failed in general to replicate the observed levels of primal model variables. Calibration of the model with “Positive Mathematical Programming” approaches was not satisfying as the additional cost terms introduced to replicate the observed situation were in many cases not plausible and deviated substantially from any available information on cost structure of the agricultural production activities in the study region. After revising the survey data it became obvious that the variances of technical parameters of the model, namely the input coefficients, were significantly larger than any other used set of information. Consequently, instead of introducing additional cost terms, we decided to estimate the technology parameters, such that the observed situation was replicated and the Kuhn-Tucker conditions for an optimum in this point were fulfilled. The estimation was based on a cross entropy approach. The needed support points and prior distributions of the technology coefficients and dual values were drawn from survey data and additional sources of information, such as expert interviews. The result is a calibrated agricultural sector model with a technology representation that was derived by systematical exploitation of relevant data sources for the study region.
Additional file 4 of An exploration of the complex biogeographical history of the Neotropical banner-wing damselflies (Odonata: Polythoridae)
Creators: name: Sánchez-Herrera, Melissa
name: Beatty, Christopher D.
name: Nunes, Renato
name: Salazar, Camilo
name: Ware, Jessica L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Multiple comparisons of the Bayes Factors and marginal likelihoods for all the diversification models tested (Yule, Birth-Death (BD), Episodic Birth-Death (EBD); the latter with multiple episodes 4, 10 or 20).
Factors Affecting Reduction of Fertilizer Application by Farmers: Empirical Study with Data from Jianghan Plain in Hubei Province
Creators: name: Liu, Yu
name: Zhang, Jun-Biao
name: Du, Jiang
name: Liu, Yu
name: Zhang, Jun-Biao
name: Du, Jiang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: non-point source pollution
subject: farmer
subject: fertilizer application
subject: influence factors

description: Non-point source pollution arises from fertilizer application in China. This paper empirical test the major factors which affect fertilizer application amount using econometric models and micro-level data from Jianghan plain in Hubei province by year 2006. The results demonstrate that housemaster’s education level, family’s management scale, land fragmentation are major factors affecting farmer’s decision-making process. When farmers have consciousness of scientific fertilization, higher agricultural labor proportion, farther land distance, longer production period could decrease fertilizer application amount. In the field of agricultural public policy, training for technical generalization is helpful in reducing fertilizer consumption.
Statistical post-processing of wind speed forecasts using convolutional neural networks
Creators: name: Veldkamp, Simon
name: Whan, Kirien
name: Dirksen, Sjoerd
name: Schmeits, Maurice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current statistical post-processing methods for probabilistic weather forecasting are not capable of using full spatial patterns from the numerical weather prediction (NWP) model. In this paper we incorporate spatial wind speed information by using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and obtain probabilistic wind speed forecasts in the Netherlands for 48 hours ahead, based on KNMI's deterministic Harmonie-Arome NWP model. The probabilistic forecasts from the CNNs are shown to have higher Brier skill scores for medium to higher wind speeds, as well as a better continuous ranked probability score (CRPS) and logarithmic score, than the forecasts from fully connected neural networks and quantile regression forests. As a secondary result, we have compared the CNNs using 3 different density estimation methods (quantized softmax (QS), kernel mixture networks, and fitting a truncated normal distribution), and found the probabilistic forecasts based on the QS method to be best.
description: 44 pages, 5 figures
Relation between coined quantum walks and quantum cellular automata
Creators: name: Hamada, Masatoshi
name: Konno, Norio
name: Segawa, Etsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent work of Patel et al., this paper clarifies a connection between coined quantum walks and quantum cellular automata in a general setting. As a consequence, their result is naturally derived from the connection.
description: 11 pages, journal reference added
Additional file 2 of A descriptive study of acute outbreaks of respiratory disease in Norwegian fattening pig herds
Creators: name: Cohen, Liza Miriam
name: Grøntvedt, Carl Andreas
name: Klem, Thea B.
name: Gulliksen, Stine Margrethe
name: Ranheim, Birgit
name: Nielsen, Jens Peter
name: Valheim, Mette
name: Kielland, Camilla
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Histology protocol. A scheme for a standardized histologic evaluation of sections from pigs’ lungs, pleura and tracheobronchial lymph nodes, including a description of section preparation. The scheme was compiled by members of the project group Grisefine lunger to be used in the study of acute respiratory disease outbreaks.
Spectroscopic analysis of tremendous--outburst--nova candidates
Creators: name: Schmidtobreick, L.
name: Tappert, C.
name: Bianchini, A.
name: Mennickent, R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the course of a long-term project investigating classical novae with large outburst amplitudes, we have performed optical spectroscopy of several old-nova candidates. We here present the spectra of the candidates V630 Sgr, XX Tau, CQ Vel, V842 Cen, and V529 Ori, that hitherto lacked such classification. While the first four show typical spectra for cataclysmic variables, and can thus be identified as such, V529 Ori is probably misclassified. Of special interest are the two systems XX Tau and V842 Cen, which show all signs for being low mass transfer systems. As such they can be used to judge the evolution scenarios for novae. In particular, given the rather young age of their outburst, it appears more likely that these systems are not on their way into hibernation, (i.e., cutting off mass transfer for a longer period of time), but are simply settling down towards their original configuration of comparatively low, but steady, mass transfer, such as for dwarf novae.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, to be published in A&A
Spin-induced black hole spontaneous scalarization
Creators: name: Dima, Alexandru
name: Barausse, Enrico
name: Franchini, Nicola
name: Sotiriou, Thomas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study scalar fields in a black hole background and show that, when the scalar is suitably coupled to curvature, rapid rotation can induce a tachyonic instability. This instability, which is the hallmark of spontaneous scalarization in the linearized regime, is expected to be quenched by nonlinearities and endow the black hole with scalar hair. Hence, our results demonstrate the existence of a broad class of theories that share the same stationary black hole solutions with general relativity at low spins, but which exhibit black hole hair at sufficiently high spins ($a/M\gtrsim 0.5$). This result has clear implications for tests of general relativity and the nature of black holes with gravitational and electromagnetic observations.
description: Typos corrected in proof to match version published in PRL
The Future of Securities Regulation
Creators: name: Luigi, Zingales
name: Luigi, Zingales
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: U.S. Security Law
subject: Securities Regulation
subject: Trust

description: The U.S. system of security law was designed more than 70 years ago to regain investors’ trust after a major financial crisis. Today we face a similar problem. But while in the 1930s the prevailing perception was that investors had been defrauded by offerings of dubious quality securities, in the new millennium, investors’ perception is that they have been defrauded by managers who are not accountable to anyone. For this reason, I propose a series of reforms that center around corporate governance, while shifting the focus from the protection of unsophisticated investors in the purchasing of new securities issues to the investment in mutual funds, pension funds, and other forms of asset management.
On indecomposable normal matrices in spaces with indefinite scalar product
Creators: name: Holtz, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47B50, 46C20, 47B15, 47B40

description: Finite dimensional linear spaces (both complex and real) with indefinite scalar product [.,.] are considered. Upper and lower bounds are given for the size of an indecomposable matrix that is normal with respect to this scalar product in terms of specific functions of v = min{v-, v+}, where v-, (v+) is the number of negative (positive) squares of the form [x,x]. All the bounds except for one are proved to be strict.
description: 9 pages
Quark energy loss and shadowing in nuclear Drell-Yan process
Creators: name: Duan, Chun-Gui
name: Cui, Shu-Wen
name: Yan, Zhan-Yuan
name: Li, Guang-Lie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy loss effect in nuclear matter is another nuclear effect apart from the nuclear effects on the parton distribution as in deep inelastic scattering process. The quark energy loss can be measured best by the nuclear dependence of the high energy nuclear Drell-Yan process. By means of three kinds of quark energy loss parameterizations given in literature and the nuclear parton distribution extracted only with lepton-nucleus deep inelastic scattering experimental data, measured Drell-Yan production cross sections are analyzed for 800GeV proton incident on a variety of nuclear targets from FNAL E866. It is shown that our results with considering the energy loss effect are much different from these of the FNAL E866 who analysis the experimental data with the nuclear parton distribution functions obtained by using the deep inelastic lA collisions and pA nuclear Drell-Yan data . Considering the existence of energy loss effect in Drell-Yan lepton pairs production,we suggest that the extraction of nuclear parton distribution functions should not include Drell-Yan experimental data.
description: 12 pages
Russia in the prism of popular culture : Russian and American detective fiction and thrillers of the 1990s
Creators: name: Baraban, Elena V.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The subject matter of my study is representations of Russia in Anglo-American and Russian spy novels, mysteries, and action thrillers of the 1990s. Especially suitable for representing the world split between good and evil, these genres played a prominent role in constructing the image of the other during the Cold War. Crime fiction then is an important source for grasping the changes in representing Russia after the Cold War. My hypothesis is that despite the changes in the political roles of Russia and the United States, the end of the Cold War and the demise of the Soviet Union continued to have a significant impact on popular fiction about Russia in the 1990s. A comparative perspective on depictions of Russia in the 1990s is particularly suitable in regard to American and Russian popular cultures because during the Cold War, Soviet and American identities were formed in view of the other. A comparative approach to the study of Russian popular fiction is additionally justified by the role that the idea of the West had played in Russian cultural history starting from the early eighteenth century. Reflection on depictions of Russia in crime fiction by writers coming from the two formerly antagonistic cultures poses the problem of representation in its relationship to time, history, politics, popular culture, and genre. The methods used in this dissertation derive from the field of cultural studies, history, and structuralist poetics. A combination of structuralist readings and social theory allows me to uncover the ways in which popular detective genres changed in response to the sentiments of nostalgia and anxiety about repressed or lost identities, the sentiments that were typical of the 1990s. My study of Anglo-American and Russian spy novels, mysteries, and action thrillers contributes to our understanding of the ways American and Russian cultures invent and reinvent themselves after a significant historical rupture, how they mobilize the past for making sense of the present. Drawing on readings of literature and culture by such scholars as Mikhail Bakhtin, Tzvetan Todorov, Siegfried Kracauer, Andreas Huyssen, Fredric Jameson, and Svetlana Boym, I show that differences in Anglo-American and Russian representations of Russia are a result of cultural asymmetries and cultural chronotopes in the United States and in Russia. I argue that Russian and American crime fiction of the 1990s re-writes Russia in the light of cultural memory, nostalgia, and historical sensibilities after the end of the Cold War and the fall of the Soviet Union. Memories of the Cold War and coming to terms with the end of the Cold War played a defining role in depicting Russia by Anglo-American detective authors of the 1990s; this role is clear from the genre changes in Anglo-American thrillers about Russia. Similarly, reconsideration of Russian history became an essential characteristic in the development of the new Russian detektiv.
A Study of Single and Multi-device Synchronization Methods in Nvidia GPUs
Creators: name: Zhang, Lingqi
name: Wahib, Mohamed
name: Zhang, Haoyu
name: Matsuoka, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: GPUs are playing an increasingly important role in general-purpose computing. Many algorithms require synchronizations at different levels of granularity in a single GPU. Additionally, the emergence of dense GPU nodes also calls for multi-GPU synchronization. Nvidia's latest CUDA provides a variety of synchronization methods. Until now, there is no full understanding of the characteristics of those synchronization methods. This work explores important undocumented features and provides an in-depth analysis of the performance considerations and pitfalls of the state-of-art synchronization methods for Nvidia GPUs. The provided analysis would be useful when making design choices for applications, libraries, and frameworks running on single and/or multi-GPU environments. We provide a case study of the commonly used reduction operator to illustrate how the knowledge gained in our analysis can be useful. We also describe our micro-benchmarks and measurement methods.
description: IPDPS20
title: Формирование информационной компетентности в профессиональной подготовке менеджеров государственного и муниципального управления
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Северо-Осетинский государственный педагогический институт
Year: 2020

description: В монографии раскрываются возможности формирования информационной компетентности будущих менеджеров государственного и муниципального управления. Адресуется преподавателям вуза, студентам для совершенствования процесса профессиональной подготовки менеджеров государственного и муниципального управления.
Semiconductor Thermistors
Creators: name: McCammon, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconductor thermistors operating in the variable range hopping conduction regime have been used in thermal detectors of all kinds for more than fifty years. Their use in sensitive bolometers for infrared astronomy was a highly developed empirical art even before the basic physics of the conduction mechanism was understood. Today we are gradually obtaining a better understanding of these devices, and with improvements in fabrication technologies thermometers can now be designed and built with predictable characteristics. There are still surprises, however, and it is clear that the theory of their operation is not yet complete. In this chapter we give an overview of the basic operation of doped semiconductor thermometers, outline performance considerations, give references for empirical design and performance data, and discuss fabrication issues.
description: 25 pages, 21 figures
An elasto-plastic approach based on microscopic insights for the steady state and transient dynamics of sheared disordered solids
Creators: name: Liu, Chen
name: Dutta, Suman
name: Chaudhuri, Pinaki
name: Martens, Kirsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we develop a framework to study the mechanical response of athermal amorphous solids via a coupling of mesoscale and microscopic models. Using measurements of coarse grained quantities from simulations of dense disordered particulate systems, we present a coherent elasto-plastic model approach for deformation and flow of yield stress materials. For a given set of parameters, this model allows to match consistently transient and steady state features of driven disordered systems under both applied shear-rate and creep protocols.
Whole Earth Telescope observations of BPM 37093: a seismological test of crystallization theory in white dwarfs
Creators: name: Kanaan, A.
name: Nitta, A.
name: Winget, D. E.
name: Kepler, S. O.
name: Montgomery, M. H.
name: Metcalfe, T. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: BPM 37093 is the only hydrogen-atmosphere white dwarf currently known which has sufficient mass (~ 1.1 M_sun) to theoretically crystallize while still inside the ZZ Ceti instability strip (T_eff ~ 12,000 K). As a consequence, this star represents our first opportunity to test crystallization theory directly. If the core is substantially crystallized, then the inner boundary for each pulsation mode will be located at the top of the solid core rather than at the center of the star, affecting mainly the average period spacing. This is distinct from the "mode trapping" caused by the stratified surface layers, which modifies the pulsation periods more selectively. In this paper we report on Whole Earth Telescope observations of BPM 37093 obtained in 1998 and 1999. Based on a simple analysis of the average period spacing we conclude that a large fraction of the total stellar mass is likely to be crystallized.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, accepted for Astronomy & Astrophysics
Reconstructing Sigma0 decays in STAR
Creators: name: Van Buren, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Typical experimental measurements do not separate the contributions of Sigma state decays from (anti)Lambda yields. An ongoing analysis in STAR is resolving the contribution from excited Sigma states, but the primary contribution comes from electromagnetic decays of the (anti)Sigma0. Photon conversions into e+e- pairs in detector material have been used by STAR to identify photons from pi0 decays. A similar technique has been used here to identify photons from (anti)Sigma0 decays in conjunction with STAR's excellent PID capabilities for finding the associated (anti)Lambda daughters. We report here on progress toward measuring the (anti)Sigma0 yields in various nuclear collisions at RHIC.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, proceedings of Strange Quark Matter (SQM2004) in Cape Town, South Africa, submitted to J. Phys. G
Macroscale non-local transfer of superconducting signatures to a ferromagnet in a cavity
Creators: name: Janssønn, Andreas T. G.
name: Simensen, Haakon T.
name: Kamra, Akashdeep
name: Brataas, Arne
name: Jacobsen, Sol H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cavity spintronics recently heralded non-local magnonic signal transfer between magnetic samples. Here we show that by including superconductors in the cavity, we can make use of these principles to bring composite superconductor--ferromagnet systems to the macroscale. We analyze how a superconductor's a.c. conductivity influences the spin dynamics of a spatially separated magnet, and we discuss the potential impact on spintronic applications.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; contains supplementary information, with 1 figure
Near-IR Surface Brightness Fluctuations and Optical Colours of Magellanic Star Clusters
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Lopezlira, Rosa A.
name: Albarran, Marna Y.
name: Mouhcine, Mustapha
name: Liu, Michael C.
name: Bruzual, Gustavo
name: de Batz, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work continues our efforts to calibrate model surface brightness luminosities for the study of unresolved stellar populations, through the comparison with data of Magellanic Cloud star clusters. We present here the relation between absolute K_s-band fluctuation magnitude and (V - I) integrated colour, using data from the 2MASS and DENIS surveys, and from the literature. We compare the star cluster sample with the sample of early-type galaxies and spiral bulges studied by Liu et al. (2002). We find that intermediate-age to old clusters lie along a linear correlation with the same slope, within the errors, of that defined by the galaxies in the barM_{K_s} vs. (V - I) diagram. While the calibration by Liu et al. was determined in the colour range 1.05 < (V - I_c)_0 < 1.25, ours holds in the interval -5 >= barM_{K_s} >= -9, 0.3 <= (V - I) <= 1.25. This implies, according to Bruzual & Charlot (2003) and Mouhcine & Lancon (2003) models, that the star clusters and the latest star formation bursts in the galaxies and bulges constitute an age sequence. At the same time, there is a slight offset between the galaxies and the star clusters [the latter are ~ 0.7 mag fainter than the former at a given value of (V - I)], caused by the difference in metallicity of roughly a factor of two. The confrontation between models and galaxy data also suggests that galaxies with K_s fluctuation magnitudes that are brighter than predicted, given their (V - I) colour, might be explained in part by longer lifetimes of TP-AGB stars. (Abridged version.)
description: 13 pages, LaTeX, 5 figures, MNRAS, in press
Maximally self-interacting dark matter: models and predictions
Creators: name: Kamada, Ayuki
name: Kim, Hee Jung
name: Kuwahara, Takumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) scenarios, where the $s$-wave self-scattering cross section almost saturates the Unitarity bound. Such self-scattering cross sections are singly parameterized by the dark matter mass, and are featured by strong velocity dependence in a wide range of velocities. They may be indicated by observations of dark matter halos in a wide range of masses, from Milky Way's dwarf spheroidal galaxies to galaxy clusters. We pin down the model parameters that saturates the Unitarity bound in well-motivated SIDM models: the gauged $L_μ - L_τ$ model and composite asymmetric dark matter model. We discuss implications and predictions of such model parameters for cosmology like the $H_{0}$ tension and dark-matter direct-detection experiments, and particle phenomenology like the beam-dump experiments.
description: 50 pages, 13 figures; discussions improved, figures modified, version accepted in JHEP
title: Художественное осмысление проблемы абречества в осетинской литературе
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Северо-Осетинский государственный педагогический институт
Year: 2020

description: В работе рассматриваются социально-исторические причины кавказского абречества и особенности отражения этого явления в осетинском историческом фольклоре и художественной литературе. Проблема анализируется в системе разных жанров, выявляются фольклорные истоки произведений с абреческой темой. Работа представляет интерес для специалистов-филологов, студентов и аспирантов филологических факультетов вузов республики, а также для историков, этнографов и всех тех, кто интересуется вопросами развития осетинской литературы.
Role of Second Lady in W.A. Mozart’s Die Zauberflöte
Creators: name: Landry, Katherine Jane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The thesis for the Master of Music degree in Opera consists of the performance of a major role in one full opera production in the first or second year. I performed role Second Lady in Mozart's "Die Zauberflöte" on the 12th and 14th of December, 2003.
Defending Adversarial Examples via DNN Bottleneck Reinforcement
Creators: name: Liu, Wenqing
name: Shi, Miaojing
name: Furon, Teddy
name: Li, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a DNN bottleneck reinforcement scheme to alleviate the vulnerability of Deep Neural Networks (DNN) against adversarial attacks. Typical DNN classifiers encode the input image into a compressed latent representation more suitable for inference. This information bottleneck makes a trade-off between the image-specific structure and class-specific information in an image. By reinforcing the former while maintaining the latter, any redundant information, be it adversarial or not, should be removed from the latent representation. Hence, this paper proposes to jointly train an auto-encoder (AE) sharing the same encoding weights with the visual classifier. In order to reinforce the information bottleneck, we introduce the multi-scale low-pass objective and multi-scale high-frequency communication for better frequency steering in the network. Unlike existing approaches, our scheme is the first reforming defense per se which keeps the classifier structure untouched without appending any pre-processing head and is trained with clean images only. Extensive experiments on MNIST, CIFAR-10 and ImageNet demonstrate the strong defense of our method against various adversarial attacks.
description: ACM MM 2020 - Full Paper
Memory-based reduced modelling and data-based estimation of opinion spreading
Creators: name: Wulkow, Niklas
name: Koltai, Péter
name: Schütte, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37M10, 39A50, 91D

description: We investigate opinion dynamics based on an agent-based model, and are interested in predicting the evolution of the percentages of the entire agent population that share an opinion. Since these opinion percentages can be seen as an aggregated observation of the full system state, the individual opinions of each agent, we view this in the framework of the Mori-Zwanzig projection formalism. More specifically, we show how to estimate a nonlinear autoregressive model (NAR) with memory from data given by a time series of opinion percentages, and discuss its prediction capacities for various specific topologies of the agent interaction network. We demonstrate that the inclusion of memory terms significantly improves the prediction quality on examples with different network topologies.
How Does Climate Policy Affect Technical Change? An Analysis of the Direction and Pace of Technical Progress in a Climate-Economy Model
Creators: name: Carraro, Carlo
name: Massetti, Emanuele
name: Nicita, Lea
name: Carraro, Carlo
name: Massetti, Emanuele
name: Nicita, Lea
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Technical Change
subject: Climate Policy
subject: Stabilization Cost
subject: R&D Investments

description: This paper analyses whether and how a climate policy designed to stabilize greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is likely to change the direction and pace of technical progress. The analysis is performed using an upgraded version of WITCH, a dynamic integrated regional model of the world economy. In this version, a non-energy R&D Sector, which enhances the productivity of the capital-labor aggregate, has been added to the energy R&D sector included in the original WITCH model. We find that, as a consequence of climate policy, R&D is re-directed towards energy knowledge. Nonetheless, total R&D investments decrease, due to a more than proportional contraction of non-energy R&D. Indeed, when non-energy and energy inputs are weakly substitutable, the overall contraction of the economic activity associated with a climate policy induces a decline in total R&D investments. However, enhanced investments in energy R&D and in the energy sector are found not to “crowd-out” investments in non-energy R&D.
Handling missing data in a neural network approach for the identification of charged particles in a multilayer detector
Creators: name: Riggi, S.
name: Riggi, D.
name: Riggi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Identification of charged particles in a multilayer detector by the energy loss technique may also be achieved by the use of a neural network. The performance of the network becomes worse when a large fraction of information is missing, for instance due to detector inefficiencies. Algorithms which provide a way to impute missing information have been developed over the past years. Among the various approaches, we focused on normal mixtures models in comparison with standard mean imputation and multiple imputation methods. Further, to account for the intrinsic asymmetry of the energy loss data, we considered skew-normal mixture models and provided a closed form implementation in the Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm framework to handle missing patterns. The method has been applied to a test case where the energy losses of pions, kaons and protons in a six-layers Silicon detector are considered as input neurons to a neural network. Results are given in terms of reconstruction efficiency and purity of the various species in different momentum bins.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
Amplification and spectral evidence of squeezing in the response of a strongly driven nanoresonator to a probe field
Creators: name: Ochs, J. S.
name: Seitner, M.
name: Dykman, M. I.
name: Weig, E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Because of their small decay rates, nanomechanical modes enable studying strongly nonlinear phenomena for a moderately strong resonant driving. Here we study the response of a driven resonator to an additional probe field. We experimentally demonstrate resonant amplification and resonant absorption of the probe field. The corresponding spectral peaks lie on the opposite sides of the strong-drive frequency. Even though the fluctuation-dissipation theorem does not apply, we show that the response to the probe field allows us to characterize the squeezing of fluctuations about the stable states of forced oscillations. Our two-tone experiment is done in the classical regime, but our findings should equally apply to quantum fluctuations as well. In quantum terms, the observed response is due to multiphoton processes. The squeezing parameter extracted from the spectra of the response is in excellent agreement with the calculated value with no free parameters.
description: The new version includes the observations on a different sample that confirm the previously reported results