cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Völkerwanderungszeit und frühes Mittelalter
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 64, Nr. 2 (1995): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Condylura cristata
Creators: name: Hutterer, Rainer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Talpidae
Condylura
Condylura cristata

description: Condylura cristata (Linnaeus, 1758). Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1:53. TYPE LOCALITY: USA, Pennsylvania. DISTRIBUTION: Georgia and NW South Carolina (USA) to Nova Scotia and Labrador (Canada); Great Lakes region to SE Manitoba. SYNONYMS: longicaudata, macroura, nigra, parva, prasinatus, radiata. COMMENTS: Includes parva as a subspecies; see review by Peterson and Yates (1980, Mammalian Species, 129).
description: Published as part of Rainer Hutterer, 1993, Order Insectivora, pp. 69-130 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 124, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353085
description: {"references": ["Peterson, K. E., and T. I. Yates. 1980. Condylura cristata. Mammalian Species, 129: 1 - 4."]}
Bridging Borophene and Metal Surfaces: Structural, Electronic, and Electron Transport Properties
Creators: name: Scopel, Wanderlã L.
name: de Lima, F. Crasto
name: Souza, Pedro H.
name: Padilha, José E.
name: Miwa, Roberto H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Currently, solid interfaces composed of two-dimensional materials (2D) in contact with metal surfaces (m-surf) have been the subject of intense research, where the borophene bilayer (BBL) has been considered a prominent material for the development of electronic devices based on 2D platforms. In this work, we present a theoretical study of the energetic, structural, and electronic properties of the BBL/m-surf interface, with m-surf = Ag, Au, and Al (111) surfaces, and the electronic transport properties of BBL channels connected to the BBL/m-surf top contacts. We find that the bottom-most BBL layer becomes metalized, due to the orbital hybridization with the metal surface states, resulting in BBL/m-surf ohmic contacts, meanwhile, the inner and top-most boron layers kept their semiconducting character. The net charge transfers reveal that BBL has become $n$-type ($p$-type) doped for m-surf = Ag, and Al (= Au). A thorough structural characterization of the BBL/m-surf interface, using a series of simulations of the X-ray photoelectron spectra, shows that the formation of BBL/m-surf interface is characterized by a redshift of the B-$1s$ spectra. Further electronic transport results revealed the emergence of a Schottky barrier between 0.1 and 0.2\,eV between the BBL/m-surf contact and the BBL channels. We believe that our findings are timely, bringing important contributions to the applicability of borophene bilayers for developing 2D electronic devices.
Neue Grabfunde der Schnurkeramik und der Glockenbecherkultur von Stetten a. d. Donau, Krs. Tuttlingen
Creators: name: Dehn, Rolf
Publisher: name: Archäologische Nachrichten aus Baden
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Archäologische Nachrichten aus Baden, Bd. 45 (1991): Archäologische Nachrichten aus Baden
Additional file 1 of Dermatology residents as educators: a qualitative study of identity formation
Creators: name: Alwazzan, Lulu
name: AlHarithy, Ruaa
name: Alotaibi, Hend M
name: Kattan, Thuraya
name: Alnasser, Monira
name: AlNojaidi, Taif
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
"...mensurarum rationes, quae in omnibus operibus videntur necessariae esse...”. Die geniale Architektur des römischen Heilbades von Badenweiler
Creators: name: Heinz, Werner
Publisher: name: Archäologische Nachrichten aus Baden
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Archäologische Nachrichten aus Baden, Bd. 45 (1991): Archäologische Nachrichten aus Baden
Zero-branes and the symplectic hypermultiplets
Creators: name: Emam, Moataz H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the scalar fields of the five-dimensional N=2 hypermultiplets using the method of symplectic covariance developed in previous work. For static spherically symmetric backgrounds, we show that exactly two possibilities exist. One of them is a Bogomol'nyi-Prasad-Sommerfeld (BPS) zero-brane carrying charge under the hypermultiplets. We find an explicitly symplectic solution of the fields in this background and derive the conditions required for a full spacetime understanding.
title: Wanderingland
Creators: name: Petrie, Lindsay
Publisher: name: Western Washington University
Year: 2016

description:
In “Wanderingland,” a whimsical blend of creative nonfiction, poetry, and comics, Lindsay Petrie illustrates her life from early childhood to young adulthood. With young adult readers in mind, the collection tackles complex issues such as bullying, social anxiety and self-acceptance. “Wanderingland” also chronicles the evolution of Petrie’s friendships from elementary school to college, explaining how these relationships shifted and grew over approximately two decades. From galloping on the playground as unicorns to navigating the sting of long-distance, this coming-of-age memoir explores what happens when innocence meets hardship and when hardship meets loyalty.
Friedrich Schlette und Dieter Kaufmann (Hrsg.), Religion und Kult in ur- und frühgeschichtlicher Zeit
Creators: name: Mansfeld, Günter
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2018

description: Rezension zu: Friedrich Schlette und Dieter Kaufmann (Hrsg.), Religion und Kult in ur- und frühgeschichtlicher Zeit. XIII. Tagung der Fachgruppe Ur- und Frühgeschichte vom 4.-6. November in Halle (Saale). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1989. 303 Seiten, 68 Abbildungen
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 193.1993(1994):: Bonner Jahrbücher
Additional file 2 of Dermatology residents as educators: a qualitative study of identity formation
Creators: name: Alwazzan, Lulu
name: AlHarithy, Ruaa
name: Alotaibi, Hend M
name: Kattan, Thuraya
name: Alnasser, Monira
name: AlNojaidi, Taif
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2
Rate-Distortion Theory for Secrecy Systems
Creators: name: Schieler, Curt
name: Cuff, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Secrecy in communication systems is measured herein by the distortion that an adversary incurs. The transmitter and receiver share secret key, which they use to encrypt communication and ensure distortion at an adversary. A model is considered in which an adversary not only intercepts the communication from the transmitter to the receiver, but also potentially has side information. Specifically, the adversary may have causal or noncausal access to a signal that is correlated with the source sequence or the receiver's reconstruction sequence. The main contribution is the characterization of the optimal tradeoff among communication rate, secret key rate, distortion at the adversary, and distortion at the legitimate receiver. It is demonstrated that causal side information at the adversary plays a pivotal role in this tradeoff. It is also shown that measures of secrecy based on normalized equivocation are a special case of the framework.
description: Update version, to appear in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
title: Structural Studies of Blood Coagulation Factor VIII in Protein Complexes
Creators: name: Wuerth, Michelle E.
Publisher: name: Western Washington University
Year: 2015

description:
A deficiency in blood coagulation factor VIII (fVIII) is responsible for the inherited bleeding disorder hemophilia A, which affects approximately 1 in 5000 males. The development of inhibitory antibodies is a significant issue faced by hemophilia A patients receiving therapeutic infusions of fVIII. The C-terminal C2 domain of fVIII has been shown to be highly immunogenic and the site of binding for numerous antibodies of both the classical and non-classical classifications. A detailed understanding of the structural components involved in C2-antibody binding interactions is vital for the development of improved therapeutics for hemophilia patients. Here we present the structure of the classical antibody 3E6 bound to human C2 at 2.6 Å resolution. Previous studies have suggested that pairs of classical and non-classical antibodies may exhibit binding cooperativity. Comparison of the C2:3E6 structure with a previously determined ternary structure of C2 bound simultaneously to both 3E6 and the non-classical antibody G99 reveals that cooperativity is not the result of dramatic conformational changes at the binding interface. Rather, changes in B-factor ratios between the C2 complexes and the isolated C2 domain suggest that dynamic changes upon 3E6 binding may lead to more favorable binding of a second antibody on the protein’s opposite face. Studies of the fVIII C2 domain were then extended to attempts to understand the structural basis for the interactions between fVIII and its circulatory partner von Willebrand factor (vWF), which is crucial for maintaining fVIII levels in plasma. The inability for vWF to bind fVIII is the basis for another blood coagulation disorder, von Willebrand’s disease type 2N, which can lead to hemophilia-type levels of fVIII in the blood and subsequent bleeding episodes. Previous publications have suggested a role for C2 in the binding of vWF. Attempts were made to formulate protein complexes between two vWF domain mutants, TIL'E' and D'D3, and the human C2 domain, but were ultimately unsuccessful. This outcome corroborates recent publications suggesting that the fVIII C1 domain may play a more active role in binding vWF than the C2 domain. In order to further study this possibility, complexes were formed between recombinant B-domain deleted fVIII and TIL’E’ or D’D3 and X-ray crystal trials initiated. Hopefully, greater understanding of the structural interactions between fVIII and other proteins will lead to improved therapies for patients suffering from fVIII-related diseases.
Distinct Fe-induced magnetic states in the underdoped and overdoped regimes of La2-xSrxCu1-yFeyO4 revealed by muon spin relaxation
Creators: name: Suzuki, K. M.
name: Adachi, T.
name: Tanabe, Y.
name: Sato, H.
name: Risdiana
name: Ishii, Y.
name: Suzuki, T.
name: Watanabe, I.
name: Koike, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Zero-field and longitudinal-field muon-spin-relaxation measurements have been performed in partially Fe-substituted La2-xSrxCu1-yFeyO4 in a wide range of hole concentration, to investigate the magnetic state induced by the Fe substitution recently suggested from the neutron-scattering measurements [Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 127002 (2011)]. It has been found that the magnetic transition temperature is notably enhanced through the 1% Fe substitution in a wide range of hole concentration where superconductivity appears in Fe-free La2-xSrxCuO4. In the underdoped regime, the Fe-induced magnetic order can be understood in terms of the concept of stripe pinning by Fe as in the case of the Zn-induced one in La2-xSrxCu1-yZnyO4. In the overdoped regime, on the other hand, the Fe-induced magnetic order is short-ranged, which is distinct from the stripes. It is plausible that a spin-glass state of Fe spins derived from the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida interaction is realized in the overdoped regime, suggesting a change of the ground state from the strongly correlated state to the Fermi-liquid state with hole doping in La-214 high-Tc cuprates.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Nigel Spivey und Simon Stoddart, Etruscan Italy
Creators: name: Rathje, Annette
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2018

description: Rezension zu: Nigel Spivey und Simon Stoddart, Etruscan Italy. B. T. Batsford Ltd., London 1990. 168 Seiten, 99 Abbildungen
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 193.1993(1994):: Bonner Jahrbücher
title: A reunificação política da Alemanha (1989/1990) : no contexto das relações entre as grandes potências
Creators: name: Fernandes, Marisa
Publisher: name: Universidade Lusíada Editora
Year: 2014

description: Lusíada. Política internacional e segurança. - ISSN 1647-1342. - S. 1, n. 10 (2014). - p. 83-123
Additional file 3 of Dermatology residents as educators: a qualitative study of identity formation
Creators: name: Alwazzan, Lulu
name: AlHarithy, Ruaa
name: Alotaibi, Hend M
name: Kattan, Thuraya
name: Alnasser, Monira
name: AlNojaidi, Taif
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 3
Hans-Peter Kuhnen, Studien zur Chronologie und Siedlungsarchäologie des Karmel (Israel) zwischen Hellenismus und Spätantike
Creators: name: Weber, Thomas
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2018

description: Rezension zu: Hans-Peter Kuhnen, Studien zur Chronologie und Siedlungsarchäologie des Karmel (Israel) zwischen Hellenismus und Spätantike. Beihefte zum Tübingen Atlas des Vorderen Orients, Reihe B (Geisteswissenschaften) Nr. 72. Reichert Verlag, Wiesbaden 1989. Textband mit X, 398 Seiten, Tafelband mit 84 Tafeln, 27 Beilagen
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 193.1993(1994):: Bonner Jahrbücher
Cosmic Ray Radiography of the Damaged Cores of the Fukushima Reactors
Creators: name: Borozdin, Konstantin
name: Greene, Steven
name: Lukić, Zarija
name: Milner, Edward Cas
name: Miyadera, Haruo
name: Morris, Christopher
name: Perry, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The passage of muons through matter is dominated by the Coulomb interaction with electrons and nuclei. The interaction with the electrons leads to continuous energy loss and stopping of the muons. The interaction with nuclei leads to angle diffusion. Two muon imaging methods that use flux attenuation and multiple Coulomb scattering of cosmic-ray muons are being studied as tools for diagnosing the damaged cores of the Fukushima reactors. Here we compare these two methods. We conclude that the scattering method can provide detailed information about the core. Attenuation has low contrast and little sensitivity to the core.
description: Accepted to Physical Review Letters; 5 pages, 3 figures
Ursula Koch, Das fränkische Gräberfeld von Klepsau im Hohenlohekreis
Creators: name: Päffgen, Bernd
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2018

description: Rezension zu: Ursula Koch, Das fränkische Gräberfeld von Klepsau im Hohenlohekreis. Forschungen und Berichte zur Vor- und Frühgeschichte in Baden-Württemberg, Band 38. Konrad Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart 1990. 262 Seiten, 137 Abbildungen, 51 Tafeln
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 193.1993(1994):: Bonner Jahrbücher
Adiabatic manipulation of a system interacting with a spin-bath
Creators: name: Militello, Benedetto
name: Napoli, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage, a very efficient technique for manipulating a quantum system based on the adiabatic theorem, is analyzed in the case where the manipulated physical system is interacting with a spin bath. Exploitation of the rotating wave approximation allows for the identification of a constant of motion which simplifies both the analytical and the numerical treatment, which allows for evaluating the total unitary evolution of system and bath. The efficiency of the population transfer process is investigated in several regimes, including the weak and strong coupling with the environment and the off-resonance. The formation of appropriate Zeno subspaces explains the lowering of the efficiency in the strong damping regime.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures (5 captions)
[Inhalt]
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2018

description: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 49, Nr. 3 (2008): Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Resource-based theory and mergers & acquisitions success
Creators: name: Grill, Polina
name: Bresser, Rudi K. F.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::650 Management, Öffentlichkeitsarbeit

description: Mergers & acquisitions (M&A;) are most popular external growth strategies. While the number of M&A; has been increasing during the past decades, on average, only the shareholders of target firms gain value during the acquisitions process, while acquirers do not receive abnormal positive returns. This paper analyses the impact of strategically valuable resources on the success of M&A; decisions. We test complementary resource-based hypotheses regarding the value of M&A; for the shareholders of both transaction partners. Our sample consists of transactions in the pharmaceutical and biotechnological industry. The results of our study show that the shareholders of both transaction partners will gain above average positive returns only when the acquirer and the target own and combine strategically valuable resources and capabilities.
title: Der Einfluss der Besteuerung auf die Rechtsformwahl
title: eine Conjoint-Analyse
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Sell, Sandra
name: Lopatta, Kerstin
name: Hundsdoerfer, Jochen
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::336 Öffentliche Finanzen

description: Die Untersuchung richtet sich auf die Ermittlung der relativen Bedeutung der laufenden und aperiodischen Besteuerung im Entscheidungsprozess der Rechtsformwahl. Unter Vernachlässigung von Planungskosten sollten rationale Steuerpflichtige die Steuerbelastung als ein Entscheidungskriterium bei der Wahl der Unternehmensform zu berücksichtigen, da in Deutschland kein entscheidungsneutrales Steuersystem existiert. Fraglich ist die Bedeutung der Steuerbelastung für die Rechtsformwahl im Vergleich mit weiteren Entscheidungskriterien wie z.B. Haftung. Ideal wäre es, wenn die Probanden die relative Wichtigkeit der einzelnen Kriterien selbst quantifizieren könnten. Da die überwiegende Zahl der Probanden jedoch mit der Angabe des relativen Gewichts der Entscheidungskriterien vermutlich überfordert wären, wurde als Analysemethode zur Bestimmung der relativen Wichtigkeit der Steuerbelastung die Conjoint-Analyse gewählt. Es wurden zwei Gruppen befragt: Etablierte Unternehmer in einer Branche mit relativ niedriger Unternehmensgröße (Bestattungsunternehmer) und Existenzgründer. Als Ergebnis der fiktiven Rechtsformwahl kann festgehalten werden, dass die laufende Steuerbelastung, unabhängig davon, ob eine Betrachtung der einzelnen Gruppen (Bestattungsunternehmer oder Existenzgründer) oder eine Differenzierung bzgl. der Rechtsform durchgeführt wird oder nicht, immer die höchsten relativen Wichtigkeiten aufweist. Bezüglich der weiteren Entscheidungskriterien (Erbschaftsteuerbelastung, Haftung, Publizitätspflichten) kann keine einheitliche Aussage getroffen werden.
Euroscaptor Miller 1940
Creators: name: Hutterer, Rainer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Talpidae
Euroscaptor

description: Euroscaptor Miller, 1940. J. Mammal., 21:443. TYPE SPECIES: Talpa klossi Thomas, 1929. COMMENTS: Tribe Talpini. Corbet (1978c:32), and subsequent work, included Euroscaptor in Talpa while Russian and Japanese authors retained it as a genus; most recently Abe et al. (1991). Species allocations and limits are tentative.
description: Published as part of Rainer Hutterer, 1993, Order Insectivora, pp. 69-130 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 125, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353085
description: {"references": ["Thomas, O. 1929. The mammals of Senor Budin's Patagonian expedition. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 10, 4: 35 - 45.", "Corbet, G. B. 1978 c. The mammals of the Palaearctic region: A taxonomic review. British Museum (Natural History), London, 314 pp.", "Abe, H., S. Shiraishi, and S. Arai. 1991. A new mole from Uotsuri-jima, the Ryukyu Islands. Journal of the Mammalogical Society of Japan, 15: 47 - 60."]}
title: Rates of Return and Early Retirement Disincentives
title: Evidence from a German Pension Reform
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Lüthen, Holger
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Pensions
subject: reform
subject: early retirement
subject: disincentives
subject: pay‐as‐you‐go
subject: rates of return
subject: Germany
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::336 Öffentliche Finanzen

description: To counteract the financial pressure emerging in aging societies, statutory pay‐as‐you‐go pension schemes are undergoing fundamental reforms in many Western countries. Starting with cohort 1937, Germany introduced permanent pension deductions for early retirement. This paper examines the evolution of the profitability of pension contributions against the background of this reform for cohorts 1935‐1945. I measure the profitability with the internal rate of return (IRR) and use high quality administrative data. For men the IRR declines from 2.4% to 1.2% and for women from 5.2% to 3.7%. The results suggest that the deductions introduced by the reform only cause some part of this trend. The majority of the trend, about 75%‐80%, is caused by increased pension contributions.
Hoh-Eckerich/Haut-Echéry. Eine wenig bekannte Burg im Grenzgebiet zwischen Elsass und Lothringen
Creators: name: Tritschler, Thomas
Publisher: name: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 49, Nr. 3 (2008): Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
The pecuniary and non-pecuniary returns to voucher-financed training
Creators: name: Görlitz, Katja
name: Tamm, Marcus
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Training
subject: vouchers
subject: returns to training
subject: program evaluation
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::370 Bildung und Erziehung

description: This paper analyzes the returns to training that was co-financed by the German voucher program Bildungsprämie. The estimation strategy compares outcomes of participants in voucher training with voucher recipients who intended to participate in training, but did not do so because of a random event like course cancellation by the provider of training. We find no impact of voucher training on wages, employment, job tasks and on subjective outcomes (in particular, the risk of job loss and job satisfaction). However, there is evidence that training participants report to better match the skill requirements of their job.
A Frustratingly Easy Improvement for Position Embeddings via Random Padding
Creators: name: Tao, Mingxu
name: Feng, Yansong
name: Zhao, Dongyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Position embeddings, encoding the positional relationships among tokens in text sequences, make great contributions to modeling local context features in Transformer-based pre-trained language models. However, in Extractive Question Answering, position embeddings trained with instances of varied context lengths may not perform well as we expect. Since the embeddings of rear positions are updated fewer times than the front position embeddings, the rear ones may not be properly trained. In this paper, we propose a simple but effective strategy, Random Padding, without any modifications to architectures of existing pre-trained language models. We adjust the token order of input sequences when fine-tuning, to balance the number of updating times of every position embedding. Experiments show that Random Padding can significantly improve model performance on the instances whose answers are located at rear positions, especially when models are trained on short contexts but evaluated on long contexts. Our code and data will be released for future research.
Analysis of Bitcoin Cryptocurrency and Its Mining Techniques
Creators: name: Ghimire, Suman
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2019

description: Bitcoin is a peer-to-peer digital, decentralized cryptocurrency created by an individual under pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto. In fact, it is the first digital, decentralized currency. Several developers and organizations have explored the importance of digital cryptocurrency and the concept of the blockchain. Bitcoin is assumed to be one of the secure and comfortable payment methods that can be used in the upcoming days. The backbone of Bitcoin mining is the concept of the blockchain, which is assumed to beone of the ingenious invention of this century. The blockchain is the collection of blocks that are linked together in such a way that the hash of the previous block is contained in the present block. Any change of information in any blocks in a blockchain result in an error on the whole blockchain. Bitcoins are generated by a process called mining, where miners solve a complex mathematical puzzle. The miners are competing with each other to mine the Bitcoin as fast as possible and claim the reward.
The mining of Bitcoin requires very high computation power. Since miners are solving the complex mathematical puzzle through hardware, they need to be fast in order to be the first solving the block. The miner who successfully solves the block gets rewarded with Bitcoin. Mining can be done by a single person, or it can be done by pool, where a bunch of miners combines in a network to mine a single block. Single mining, also referred to as solo mining is difficult since the difficulty of Bitcoin mining is increasing every day. Pool mining is another option for those who have fewer resources for mining.
We propose an efficient way of mining Bitcoin by analyzing several results through self-experiment, online exchange market data, real-time Bitcoin block data, different mining pools' efficiency data and much more. Several factors are needed to be taken into consideration during mining because we may never mine a single Bitcoin even if we invest thousands of dollars on mining Bitcoin.
Designing a Biomimetic Testing Platform for Actuators in a Series-Elastic Co-contraction System
Creators: name: Schroeder, Ryan Tyler
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2014

description: Actuators determine the performance of robotic systems at the most intimate of levels. As a result, much work has been done to assess the performance of different actuator systems. However, biomimetics has not previously been utilized as a pretext for tuning a series elastic actuator system with the purpose of designing an empirical testing platform. Thus, an artificial muscle tendon system has been developed in order to assess the performance of two distinct actuator types: (1) direct current electromagnetic motors and (2) ultrasonic rotary piezoelectric motors. Because the design of the system takes advantage of biomimetic operating principles such as co-contraction in an agonist-antagonist configuration, it exists as an ideal system for testing different actuators for implicit performance attributes that may or may not come closer to the physiological performance of biological muscle.
In order to assess the respective performances of the two actuator types, error and system efficiency were both measured simultaneously in an attempt to characterize the fidelity and efficacy of the force-feedback control system. Although both motor types were shown to perform competitively by torque error, the electromagnetic motors outperformed in terms of efficiency. It is ultimately concluded that either actuator type may perform more impressively than the other when operating under the appropriate context of application. Specifically, it remains the interpretation of this study that piezoelectric motors require a stiffer elasticity as well as an extremely fast controller frequency in order to fully take advantage of its ultra-fast response time characteristic for torque control.
Robust and efficient verification of graph states in blind measurement-based quantum computation
Creators: name: Li, Zihao
name: Zhu, Huangjun
name: Hayashi, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Blind quantum computation (BQC) is a secure quantum computation method that protects the privacy of clients. Measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC) is a promising approach for realizing BQC. To obtain reliable results in blind MBQC, it is crucial to verify whether the resource graph states are accurately prepared in the adversarial scenario. However, previous verification protocols for this task are too resource consuming or noise susceptible to be applied in practice. Here, we propose a robust and efficient protocol for verifying arbitrary graph states with any prime local dimension in the adversarial scenario, which leads to a robust and efficient protocol for verifying the resource state in blind MBQC. Our protocol requires only local Pauli measurements and is thus easy to realize with current technologies. Nevertheless, it can achieve the optimal scaling behaviors with respect to the system size and the target precision as quantified by the infidelity and significance level, which has never been achieved before. Notably, our protocol can exponentially enhance the scaling behavior with the significance level.
description: 14+32 pages, 8+5 figures, and 1 table; published in npj Quantum Information
Manifold-Aware Self-Training for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation on Regressing 6D Object Pose
Creators: name: Zhang, Yichen
name: Lin, Jiehong
name: Chen, Ke
name: Xu, Zelin
name: Wang, Yaowei
name: Jia, Kui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Domain gap between synthetic and real data in visual regression (e.g. 6D pose estimation) is bridged in this paper via global feature alignment and local refinement on the coarse classification of discretized anchor classes in target space, which imposes a piece-wise target manifold regularization into domain-invariant representation learning. Specifically, our method incorporates an explicit self-supervised manifold regularization, revealing consistent cumulative target dependency across domains, to a self-training scheme (e.g. the popular Self-Paced Self-Training) to encourage more discriminative transferable representations of regression tasks. Moreover, learning unified implicit neural functions to estimate relative direction and distance of targets to their nearest class bins aims to refine target classification predictions, which can gain robust performance against inconsistent feature scaling sensitive to UDA regressors. Experiment results on three public benchmarks of the challenging 6D pose estimation task can verify the effectiveness of our method, consistently achieving superior performance to the state-of-the-art for UDA on 6D pose estimation.
description: Accepted by IJCAI 2023
Additional file 1: of NYD-OP7/PLC regulatory signaling pathway regulates deltamethrin resistance in Culex pipiens pallens (Diptera: Culicidae)
Creators: name: Zhou, Dan
name: Duan, Baiyun
name: Xu, Yang
name: Ma, Lei
name: Shen, Bo
name: Sun, Yan
name: Zhu, Changliang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Primers for NYD-OP7, PLC, and several P450 genes. (DOC 22 kb)
Tunable helical crystals
Creators: name: Niyazov, R. A.
name: Aristov, D. N.
name: Kachorovskii, V. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a superlattice formed by tunnel-connected identical holes, periodically placed in a two-dimensional topological insulator. We study tunneling transport through helical edges of these holes and demonstrate that the band structure of such helical crystal can be controlled by both gate electrodes and external magnetic filed. For integer and half-integer values of dimensionless magnetic flux through the holes, the spectrum possesses Dirac points whose positions and velocities can be tuned by gates. The deviation of magnetic flux from these special values by $δϕ$ makes the Dirac cones massive, with the gap value $Δ\propto |δϕ|$. At certain gate-dependent values of $δϕ$ different Dirac points converge to a double Dirac point and then disappear with further increase of $δϕ.$ Interaction between carriers may lead to strong renormalization of parameters $α$ and $β$ controlling total tunnel coupling between holes and spin flip tunneling processes, respectively. We plot the renormalization flow in the plane $(α,β)$ and demonstrate multicritical behavior of the crystal -- there is a multicritical fully unstable fixed point separating three different phases: independent rings, independent shoulders, and perfect spin-flip channels. We also find that defects in the crystal may lead to a formation of topologically protected qubits which are not destroyed by temperature and can be also manipulated both by gates and by magnetic field. The possibility of purely electrical high-temperature control of the qubits opens a wide avenue for applications in the area of quantum computing.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures
Symbiotic two-component gap solitons
Creators: name: Roeksabutr, Athikom
name: Mayteevarunyoo, Thawatchai
name: Malomed, Boris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a two-component one-dimensional model of gap solitons (GSs), which is based on two nonlinear Schrödinger equations, coupled by repulsive XPM (cross-phase-modulation) terms, in the absence of the SPM (self-phase-modulation) nonlinearity. The equations include a periodic potential acting on both components, thus giving rise to GSs of the "symbiotic" type, which exist solely due to the repulsive interaction between the two components. The model may be implemented for "holographic solitons" in optics, and in binary bosonic or fermionic gases trapped in the optical lattice. Fundamental symbiotic GSs are constructed, and their stability is investigated, in the first two finite bandgaps of the underlying spectrum. Symmetric solitons are destabilized, including their entire family in the second bandgap, by symmetry-breaking perturbations above a critical value of the total power. Asymmetric solitons of intra-gap and inter-gap types are studied too, with the propagation constants of the two components falling into the same or different bandgaps, respectively. The increase of the asymmetry between the components leads to shrinkage of the stability areas of the GSs. Inter-gap GSs are stable only in a strongly asymmetric form, in which the first-bandgap component is a dominating one. Intra-gap solitons are unstable in the second bandgap. Unstable two-component GSs are transformed into persistent breathers. In addition to systematic numerical considerations, analytical results are obtained by means of an extended ("tailed") Thomas-Fermi approximation (TFA).
description: 17 pages, 15 figures; Optics Express, Vol. 20, No. 22, 2012
Diffusion-weighted SPECIAL improves the detection of J-coupled metabolites at ultra-high magnetic field
Creators: name: Mosso, Jessie
name: Simicic, Dunja
name: Lanz, Bernard
name: Gruetter, Rolf
name: Cudalbu, Cristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new sequence for single-voxel diffusion-weighted 1H MRS (DWS), named DW-SPECIAL, is proposed to improve the detection and subsequent estimation of the diffusion properties of strongly J-coupled metabolites. It combines the semi-adiabatic SPECIAL sequence with a stimulated echo (STE) diffusion block. Acquisitions with DW-SPECIAL and STE-LASER, the current gold-standard for rodent DWS experiments at high fields, were performed at 14.1T on phantoms and in vivo on the rat brain. The apparent diffusion coefficient and intra-stick diffusivity (Callaghan's model) were fitted and compared between the sequences for glutamate, glutamine (Gln), myo-inositol, taurine, total N-acetylaspartate, total choline, total creatine and the macromolecules. The shorter echo time achieved with DW-SPECIAL (18 ms against 33 ms with STE-LASER) substantially limited the metabolites' signal loss caused by J-evolution. In addition, DW-SPECIAL preserved the main advantages of STE-LASER: absence of cross-terms, diffusion time during a STE and limited sensitivity to B1 inhomogeneities. In vivo, compared to STE-LASER, DW-SPECIAL yielded the same spectral quality and reduced the Cramer Rao Lower Bounds (CRLB) for J-coupled metabolites, irrespective of the b-value. DW-SPECIAL also reduced the standard deviation of the metabolites' diffusion estimates based on individual animal fitting without loss of accuracy compared to the fit on the averaged decay. We conclude that due to its reduced echo time, DW-SPECIAL can serve as an alternative to STE-LASER when strongly J-coupled metabolites like Gln are investigated, thereby extending the range of accessible metabolites in the context of DWS acquisitions.
description: Submitted to Magnetic Resonance in Medecine
Additional file 1 of Genetic variation and demographic history of Sudan desert sheep reveal two diversified lineages
Creators: name: Salim, Bashir
name: Alasmari, Saeed
name: Mohamed, Nouh Saad
name: Ahmed, Mohamed-Khair A.
name: Nakao, Ryo
name: Hanotte, Olivier
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1: Analysis of molecular variance within and among breeds of Sudan desert sheep. Figure S1. Unrooted NJ tree for Haplogroup A and B of Sudan desert sheep mtDNA D-loop haplotypes. Figure S2. Mismatch distribution of pairwise nucleotide differences at the haplogroup level (a, b) and at breed level (c, Hamary, d, Kabashi; e, Crossbreed). Figure S3. Coalescent Bayesian skyline plots at the breed level, a, Hamary; b, Kabashi; c, crossbreed.
PDP: Parameter-free Differentiable Pruning is All You Need
Creators: name: Cho, Minsik
name: Adya, Saurabh
name: Naik, Devang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: DNN pruning is a popular way to reduce the size of a model, improve the inference latency, and minimize the power consumption on DNN accelerators. However, existing approaches might be too complex, expensive or ineffective to apply to a variety of vision/language tasks, DNN architectures and to honor structured pruning constraints. In this paper, we propose an efficient yet effective train-time pruning scheme, Parameter-free Differentiable Pruning (PDP), which offers state-of-the-art qualities in model size, accuracy, and training cost. PDP uses a dynamic function of weights during training to generate soft pruning masks for the weights in a parameter-free manner for a given pruning target. While differentiable, the simplicity and efficiency of PDP make it universal enough to deliver state-of-the-art random/structured/channel pruning results on various vision and natural language tasks. For example, for MobileNet-v1, PDP can achieve 68.2% top-1 ImageNet1k accuracy at 86.6% sparsity, which is 1.7% higher accuracy than those from the state-of-the-art algorithms. Also, PDP yields over 83.1% accuracy on Multi-Genre Natural Language Inference with 90% sparsity for BERT, while the next best from the existing techniques shows 81.5% accuracy. In addition, PDP can be applied to structured pruning, such as N:M pruning and channel pruning. For 1:4 structured pruning of ResNet18, PDP improved the top-1 ImageNet1k accuracy by over 3.6% over the state-of-the-art. For channel pruning of ResNet50, PDP reduced the top-1 ImageNet1k accuracy by 0.6% from the state-of-the-art.
Finite Energy Electroweak Dyon
Creators: name: Cho, Y. M.
name: Kim, Kyoungtae
name: Yoon, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent MoEDAL experiment at LHC to detect the electroweak monopole makes the theoretical prediction of the monopole mass an urgent issue. We discuss different ways to estimate the mass of the electroweak monopole. We first present a scaling argument which indicates that the mass of the electroweak monopole to be around 4 TeV. To justify this we construct finite energy analytic dyon solutions which could be viewed as the regularized Cho-Maison dyon, modifying the coupling strengths of the electromagnetic interaction of $W$-boson in the standard model. Our result demonstrates that a genuine electroweak monopole whose mass scale is much smaller than the grand unification scale can exist, which can actually be detected at the present LHC.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:hep-th/0210299, arXiv:hep-th/9707038
Quantum entanglement and approximation by positive matrices
Creators: name: Huang, Xiaofen
name: Jing, Naihuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an exact solution to the nonlinear optimization problem of approximating a Hermitian matrix by positive semi-definite matrices. Our algorithm was then used to judge whether a quantum state is entangled or not. We show that the exact approximation of a density matrices by tensor product of positive semi-definite operators is determined by the additivity property of the density matrix.
description: 8 pages
Euroscaptor grandis Miller 1940
Creators: name: Hutterer, Rainer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Talpidae
Euroscaptor
Euroscaptor grandis

description: Euroscaptor grandis Miller, 1940. J. Mammal., 21:444. TYPE LOCALITY: China, Sichuan, "Mount Omei, alt. 5000 feet ", = Omei-Shan. DISTRIBUTION: N and S Bakbo and Cha-pa (Vietnam); S China. COMMENTS: Often included in Talpa; but see Gureev (1979:272). Regarded as a synonym of [£]. micrura longirostris by Ellerman and Morrison-Scott (1966:40).
description: Published as part of Rainer Hutterer, 1993, Order Insectivora, pp. 69-130 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 125, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353085
description: {"references": ["Gureev, A. A. 1979. Fauna SSSR, Mlekopitayutschie, tom. 4, vyp. 2. Nasekomoyadnye ... [Fauna of the USSR, Mammals, vol. 4, pt. 2. Insectivores (Mammalia, Insectivora)]. Nauka, Leningrad, 501 pp. (in Russian).", "Ellerman, J. R., and T. C. S. Morrison-Scott. 1966. Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian Mammals 1758 to 1946. Second ed. British Museum (Natural History), London, 810 pp."]}
Wage subsidies, work incentives, and the reform of the Austrian welfare system
Creators: name: Steiner, Viktor
name: Wakolbinger, Florian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: work incentives
subject: labor supply
subject: social safety system
subject: microsimulation
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::336 Öffentliche Finanzen

description: We analyze the labor supply and income effects of a needs-based minimum benefit system (“Bedarfsorientierte Mindestsicherung”) to be introduced in Austria by the end of this/beginning of next year. The aim of this reform is to reduce poverty as well as increasing employment rates of recipients of social assistance. On the basis of a behavioral microsimulation model we show that this new system will slightly increase incomes for the poorest households and slightly reduce labor supply due to the generous allowances for marginal employment under the current and the planned regulations of unemployment assistance. As an alternative, we analyze a reform proposal which reduces financial incentives for marginal employment not covered by social security, and rewards working longer hours by a wage subsidy. Although this alternative reform would yield modest positive labor supply effects, a relatively large number of households would suffer income losses.
Beam Dynamics in a Double-Channel Waveguide with Gain and Loss
Creators: name: Li, Pengfei
name: Li, Rujiang
name: Li, Lu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A double-channel waveguide with gain and loss is addressed and the corresponding coupled-mode equations are established by employing the coupled mode approach. Based on the coupled-mode equations, the beam dynamics in the double-channel waveguide with gain and loss is investigated, and the results show that there exist three distinct dynamical behaviors, which are amplification, attenuation to zero and tending to a steady value (or equilibrium state), respectively. Finally, it is shown that the theoretical results suggested by the coupled-mode equations agree well with the numerical simulations.
description: This paper has been accepted by Romanian Reports in Physics