cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Towards Hybrid System Approaches for Cyber-Physical System Security and Resiliency
Creators: name: Sun, Dawei
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Control engineering, mechatronics and robotics not elsewhere classified
Control engineering
Aircraft performance and flight control systems

description: Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are a class of complicated systems integrating cyber components with physical components. Although such a cyber-physical interaction improves the system performance and intelligence, it increases the system complexity and makes the system vulnerable to various types of faults, failures, and cyber-attacks. To assure the security and improve the resiliency of CPS, it is found that the hybrid system model can be a powerful tool in the domain of fault detection and isolation, cyber-attack diagnosis and containment, as well as resilient control and reconfiguration. Several problems are concerned in this dissertation. For situational awareness, \textit{mode discernibility}, which stands for whether the discrete state of a hybrid system can be correctly identified, is characterized and discussed with potential applications to monitoring system design. For CPS vulnerability analysis, the problem of stealthy attack design for systems with switching structures is investigated, which is motivated by the recent literature. To further understand and remedy for the vulnerabilities, the detectability and identifiability for severe cyber-attacks are defined and characterized, which are followed by the discussions on the methodologies for cyber-attack detection and identification. Last but not least, based on the understanding of identifiability, a framework of resilient control design is proposed to mitigate the impact of cyber-attacks, which can be generalized in future to account for additional design criteria.
Influence of surface reflectivity on radiation in the Antarctic environment
Creators: name: Smolskaia, I.
name: Wuttke, S.
name: Seckmeyer, G.
name: Michael, K.
Publisher: name: Bellingham Wash. : SPIE
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: radiation
subject: surface reflectivity
subject: Antarctica
subject: UV
subject: Monte Carlo
subject: spectral albedo
subject: climate change
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::551 | Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: We demonstrate the importance of surface reflectivity for the radiation field in polar regions by a combination of measurements and radiative transfer calculations. Results from measurements of spectral albedo, radiance and irradiance from 280 to 1050 nm at German Neumayer Station in Antarctica in summer 2003/2004 as well as measurements of UV irradiance during summer 1997/1998 at Australian Davis Station, Antarctica are presented. The impact of surface albedo inhomogeneity is investigated by 3-D Monte Carlo modelling. We found that high surface reflectivity in the ultraviolet and visible parts of the spectrum due to the snow covered surface in Antarctica modifies the radiation field considerably compared to mid-latitudes. A change of the spectral reflectivity, which happens as a consequence of climate change will have a large impact in the radiation properties in polar regions and vice versa.
The one-way quantum computer -- a non-network model of quantum computation
Creators: name: Raussendorf, Robert
name: Browne, Daniel E.
name: Briegel, Hans J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A one-way quantum computer works by only performing a sequence of one-qubit measurements on a particular entangled multi-qubit state, the cluster state. No non-local operations are required in the process of computation. Any quantum logic network can be simulated on the one-way quantum computer. On the other hand, the network model of quantum computation cannot explain all ways of processing quantum information possible with the one-way quantum computer. In this paper, two examples of the non-network character of the one-way quantum computer are given. First, circuits in the Clifford group can be performed in a single time step. Second, the realisation of a particular circuit -- the bit-reversal gate -- on the one-way quantum computer has no network interpretation. (Submitted to J. Mod. Opt, Gdansk ESF QIT conference issue.)
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Semidefinite programming bounds for binary codes from a split Terwilliger algebra
Creators: name: Tseng, Pin-Chieh
name: Lai, Ching-Yi
name: Yu, Wei-Hsuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 94B65

description: We study the upper bounds for $A(n,d)$, the maximum size of codewords with length $n$ and Hamming distance at least $d$. Schrijver studied the Terwilliger algebra of the Hamming scheme and proposed a semidefinite program to bound $A(n, d)$. We derive more sophisticated matrix inequalities based on a split Terwilliger algebra to improve Schrijver's semidefinite programming bounds on $A(n, d)$. In particular, we improve the semidefinite programming bounds on $A(18,4)$ to $6551$.
description: 15 pages
A GPU-specialized Inference Parameter Server for Large-Scale Deep Recommendation Models
Creators: name: Wei, Yingcan
name: Langer, Matthias
name: Yu, Fan
name: Lee, Minseok
name: Liu, Kingsley
name: Shi, Jerry
name: Wang, Joey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recommendation systems are of crucial importance for a variety of modern apps and web services, such as news feeds, social networks, e-commerce, search, etc. To achieve peak prediction accuracy, modern recommendation models combine deep learning with terabyte-scale embedding tables to obtain a fine-grained representation of the underlying data. Traditional inference serving architectures require deploying the whole model to standalone servers, which is infeasible at such massive scale. In this paper, we provide insights into the intriguing and challenging inference domain of online recommendation systems. We propose the HugeCTR Hierarchical Parameter Server (HPS), an industry-leading distributed recommendation inference framework, that combines a high-performance GPU embedding cache with an hierarchical storage architecture, to realize low-latency retrieval of embeddings for online model inference tasks. Among other things, HPS features (1) a redundant hierarchical storage system, (2) a novel high-bandwidth cache to accelerate parallel embedding lookup on NVIDIA GPUs, (3) online training support and (4) light-weight APIs for easy integration into existing large-scale recommendation workflows. To demonstrate its capabilities, we conduct extensive studies using both synthetically engineered and public datasets. We show that our HPS can dramatically reduce end-to-end inference latency, achieving 5~62x speedup (depending on the batch size) over CPU baseline implementations for popular recommendation models. Through multi-GPU concurrent deployment, the HPS can also greatly increase the inference QPS.
description: 12 pages
Broadcasting induced colourings of random recursive trees and preferential attachment trees
Creators: name: Desmarais, Colin
name: Holmgren, Cecilia
name: Wagner, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60C05 (Primary) 05C05, 60F05, 05A15 (Secondary)

description: In this work we consider random two-colourings of random linear preferential attachment trees, which includes random recursive trees, random plane-oriented recursive trees, random binary search trees, and a class of random $d$-ary trees. The random colouring is defined by assigning the root of the tree the colour red or blue with equal probability, and all other vertices are assigned the colour of their parent with probability $p$ and the other colour otherwise. These colourings have been previously studied in other contexts, including Ising models and broadcasting, and can be considered as generalizations of bond percolation. With the help of Pólya urns, we prove limiting distributions, after proper rescalings, for the number of vertices of each colour, the number of monochromatic subtrees of each colour, as well as the number of leaves and fringe subtrees with two-colourings. Using methods from analytic combinatorics, we also provide precise descriptions of the limiting distribution after proper rescaling of the size of the root cluster; the largest monochromatic subtree containing the root. The description of the limiting distributions extends previous work on bond percolation in random preferential attachment trees.
description: 46 pages
Spectral theory of the non-backtracking Laplacian for graphs
Creators: name: Jost, Jürgen
name: Mulas, Raffaella
name: Torres, Leo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a non-backtracking Laplace operator for graphs and we investigate its spectral properties. With the use of both theoretical and computational techniques, we show that the spectrum of this operator captures several structural properties of the graph in a more precise way than the classical operators that have been studied so far in the literature, including the non-backtracking matrix.
Age group and gender recognition from human facial images
Creators: name: Shewaye, Tizita Nesibu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work presents an automatic human gender and age group recognition system based on human facial images. It makes an extensive experiment with row pixel intensity valued features and Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) coefficient features with Principal Component Analysis and k-Nearest Neighbor classification to identify the best recognition approach. The final results show approaches using DCT coefficient outperform their counter parts resulting in a 99% correct gender recognition rate and 68% correct age group recognition rate (considering four distinct age groups) in unseen test images. Detailed experimental settings and obtained results are clearly presented and explained in this report.
description: 8 pages, October, 2012
UV-resonance Raman spectroscopy of amino acids
Creators: name: Höhl, Martin
name: Meinhardt-Wollweber, Merve
name: Schmitt, Heike
name: Lenarz, Thomas
name: Morgner, Uwe
Publisher: name: Bellingham, WA : S P I E - International Society for Optical Engineering
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: amino acid
subject: perilymph
subject: Raman
subject: resonance
subject: uv
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Resonant enhancement of Raman signals is a useful method to increase sensitivity in samples with low concentration such as biological tissue. The investigation of resonance profiles shows the optimal excitation wavelength and yields valuable information about the molecules themselves. However careful characterization and calibration of all experimental parameters affecting quantum yield is required in order to achieve comparability of the single spectra recorded. We present an experimental technique for measuring the resonance profiles of different amino acids. The absorption lines of these molecules are located in the ultraviolet (UV) wavelength range. One limitation for broadband measurement of resonance profiles is the limited availability of Raman filters in certain regions of the UV for blocking the Rayleigh scattered light. Here, a wavelength range from 244.8 nm to 266.0 nm was chosen. The profiles reveal the optimal wavelength for recording the Raman spectra of amino acids in aqueous solutions in this range. This study provides the basis for measurements on more complex molecules such as proteins in the human perilymph. The composition of this liquid in the inner ear is essential for hearing and cannot be analyzed non-invasively so far. The long term aim is to implement this technique as a fiber based endoscope for non-invasive measurements during surgeries (e. g. cochlear implants) making it available as a diagnostic tool for physicians. This project is embedded in the interdisciplinary cluster of excellence "Hearing for all" (H4A). © 2016 SPIE.
Weak-coupling to strong-coupling quantum criticality crossover in a Kitaev quantum spin liquid $α$-RuCl$_3$
Creators: name: Han, Jae-Ho
name: Do, Seung-Hwan
name: Choi, Kwang-Yong
name: Park, Sang-Youn
name: Kim, Jae-You
name: Ji, Sungdae
name: Kim, Ki-Seok
name: Park, Jae-Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an unprecedented quantum criticality crossover representing two different universal scaling behaviors in a Kitaev quantum magnetic material $α$-RuCl$_3$. $α$-RuCl$_3$ presents both a symmetry breaking antiferromagnetic order and a long-range entangled topological order of a quantum spin liquid, and thus could be a candidate system for a new universality class involving deconfined fractionalized excitations of the local Z$_2$ fluxes and itinerant Majorana fermions. Theoretical analyses on the inelastic neutron scattering and specific heat results demonstrate that Wilson-Fisher-Yukawa-type 'conventional' weak-coupling quantum criticality in high energy scales crosses over to heavy-fermion-type 'local' strong-coupling one in low energy scales. Our findings provide deep insight on how the quantum criticality evolves in fermion-boson coupled topological systems with different types of deconfined fermions.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
Privacy-preserving record linkage using local sensitive hash and private set intersection
Creators: name: Adir, Allon
name: Aharoni, Ehud
name: Drucker, Nir
name: Kushnir, Eyal
name: Masalha, Ramy
name: Mirkin, Michael
name: Soceanu, Omri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The amount of data stored in data repositories increases every year. This makes it challenging to link records between different datasets across companies and even internally, while adhering to privacy regulations. Address or name changes, and even different spelling used for entity data, can prevent companies from using private deduplication or record-linking solutions such as private set intersection (PSI). To this end, we propose a new and efficient privacy-preserving record linkage (PPRL) protocol that combines PSI and local sensitive hash (LSH) functions, and runs in linear time. We explain the privacy guarantees that our protocol provides and demonstrate its practicality by executing the protocol over two datasets with $2^{20}$ records each, in $11-45$ minutes, depending on network settings.
CS-MLGCN : Multiplex Graph Convolutional Networks for Community Search in Multiplex Networks
Creators: name: Behrouz, Ali
name: Hashemi, Farnoosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Community Search (CS) is one of the fundamental tasks in network science and has attracted much attention due to its ability to discover personalized communities with a wide range of applications. Given any query nodes, CS seeks to find a densely connected subgraph containing query nodes. Most existing approaches usually study networks with a single type of proximity between nodes, which defines a single view of a network. However, in many applications such as biological, social, and transportation networks, interactions between objects span multiple aspects, yielding networks with multiple views, called multiplex networks. Existing CS approaches in multiplex networks adopt pre-defined subgraph patterns to model the communities, which cannot find communities that do not have such pre-defined patterns in real-world networks. In this paper, we propose a query-driven graph convolutional network in multiplex networks, CS-MLGCN, that can capture flexible community structures by learning from the ground-truth communities in a data-driven fashion. CS-MLGCN first combines the local query-dependent structure and global graph embedding in each type of proximity and then uses an attention mechanism to incorporate information on different types of relations. Experiments on real-world graphs with ground-truth communities validate the quality of the solutions we obtain and the efficiency of our model.
description: CIKM 2022
Fabrication of polymer based integrated photonic devices by maskless lithography
Creators: name: Rahlves, Maik
Publisher: name: Bellingham, WA : S P I E - International Society for Optical Engineering
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Integrated photonics
subject: Maskless lithography
subject: Polymer photonics
subject: Waveguides
subject: Fabrication
subject: Lithography
subject: Photonics
subject: Polymers
subject: Fabrication method
subject: Integrated photonic devices
subject: Integrated polymers
subject: Interferometric sensor
subject: Mask-less lithography
subject: Photonic structure
subject: Photonic devices
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We present our recent results on the fabrication of photonic devices such as single-mode and few-mode waveguides, Ycouplers as well as integrated interferometric sensor devices. The devices were created by means of a fabrication method based on maskless lithography, which allows for fabricating embedded integrated polymer elements on a scale of several square centimeters with a resolution down to one micron. We demonstrate the versatility of our approach by presenting first results on photonic structures created by maskless lithography. © 2016 SPIE.
Challenging targets or describing mismatches? A comment on Common Decoy Distribution by Madej et al
Creators: name: Etourneau, Lucas
name: Burger, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In their recent article, Madej et al. 1 proposed an original way to solve the recurrent issue of controlling for the false discovery rate (FDR) in peptide-spectrum-match (PSM) validation. Briefly, they proposed to derive a single precise distribution of decoy matches termed the Common Decoy Distribution (CDD) and to use it to control for FDR during a target-only search. Conceptually, this approach is appealing as it takes the best of two worlds, i.e., decoy-based approaches (which leverage a large-scale collection of empirical mismatches) and decoy-free approaches (which are not subject to the randomness of decoy generation while sparing an additional database search). Interestingly, CDD also corresponds to a middle-of-the-road approach in statistics with respect to the two main families of FDR control procedures: Although historically based on estimating the falsepositive distribution, FDR control has recently been demonstrated to be possible thanks to competition between the original variables (in proteomics, target sequences) and their fictional counterparts (in proteomics, decoys). Discriminating between these two theoretical trends is of prime importance for computational proteomics. In addition to highlighting why proteomics was a source of inspiration for theoretical biostatistics, it provides practical insights into the improvements that can be made to FDR control methods used in proteomics, including CDD.
A Land Use Information System Based on Statistical Inference
Creators: name: Wigton, William H.Huddleston
name: Wigton, William H.Huddleston
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Land Economics/Use
Productivity Analysis
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This paper presents an efficient, practical and accurate information system showing how to use some promising new technology. An agricultural information system can be built on objective ground-based data and combined with LANDSAT data to increase the precision of statistics for large areas and also generate local data. The results or statistics produced will be defensible and the accuracy can be stated if care is taken to follow strictly the laws of probability. Resource requirements vary depending on accuracy levels needed. However, the system combines ground-based and LANDSAT data in a flexible manner depending on materials, equipment available, expertise and experience of personnel involved. The construction of an area sampling frame in the country is assumed to have preceded the time when sampling for making crop estimates will be undertaken.
description: This was a talk given at the Twelfth International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment, April 20-26, 1978.
Effective Polyakov line action from strong lattice couplings to the deconfinement transition
Creators: name: Greensite, Jeff
name: Langfeld, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the effective Polyakov line action corresponding to SU(2) lattice gauge theory on a 16^3 X 4 lattice via the "relative weights" method. We consider a variety of lattice couplings, ranging from beta=1.2 in the strong-coupling domain, to beta=2.3 at the deconfinement transition, in order to study how the effective action evolves with beta. Comparison of Polyakov line correlators computed in the effective theory and the underlying gauge theory is used to test the validity of the effective action for beta > 1.4, while for beta=1.2, 1.4 we can compare our effective action to the one obtained from a low-order strong-coupling expansion. Very good agreement is found at all couplings. We find that the effective action is given by a simple expression bilinear in the Polyakov lines. The range of the bilinear term, away from strong coupling, grows rapidly in lattice units as beta increases.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Statistics against irritations: a response to Dickens's apologists
Creators: name: Simkin, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent article (arXiv:0909.2479) I reported the results of the test, where the takers had to tell the prose of Charles Dickens from the prose of Edward Bulwer-Lytton. The former is a required reading in school, and the latter has a bad writing contest named after him. Nevertheless, the test-takers performed on the level of random guessing. This research has met much criticism, which I refute the in the present article.
Best Practice of how to review of a journal article
Creators: name: Faizal Risdianto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: 1. Reading at a glance
 Look at journal articles and try to search. Read the title, abstract, and purpose to find out how the journal article was structured. After skimming, read the journal article from start to finish to develop an overall impression (Skimming technique). At this stage, identify the thesis or central argument and highlight or underline what is stated in the introduction and conclusion. 2. Get to know the publication style first. How review a journal also requires checking the format and style of publication guidelines. Familiarizing yourself with journal publication standards will give you an idea of how to evaluate journals and compile reviews. Familiarizing and touching yourself with the format and style guidelines is very important—different journals, different in-house author guidelines. REFERENCES Panduan Editor Jurnal Ilmiah (slideshare.net) Penyuntingan_Substansi_Artikel (unej.ac.id) BAGAIMANA CARA MEREVIEW JURNAL??? (ums.ac.id) Pengertian Review Jurnal Dan Cara Melakukannya - Ranah Research www.pakfaizal.com www.pegiatjurnal.com
MPEC 2023-V223 : 2023 VX7
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 VX7

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Concept for high speed vocal cord imaging with swept-source optical coherence tomography
Creators: name: Zabic, Miroslav
name: Sharifpourboushehri, Sara
name: Müller-Wirts, Lennart
name: Benecke, Hannes
name: Heisterkamp, Alexander
name: Meyer, Heiko
name: Ripken, Tammo
Publisher: name: Bellingham : SPIE
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: high-speed imaging
subject: laryngoscopy
subject: motion artifacts
subject: optical coherence tomography
subject: vocal cords
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) enables non-invasive depth-resolved investigation of laryngeal tissue. However, with conventional systems, OCT cross-sectional images of vibrating vocal cords always suffer from motion artifacts. This is the case even at low phonation frequencies of about 100 Hz. Motion artifacts of predictable repetitive movements can be avoided with carefully timed acquisitions. Irregular, non-repetitive movements, e.g. disturbed vocal cord vibration caused by laryngeal disorders, require different strategies, such as the use of high frame rates. We present a novel concept for dynamic vocal cord imaging with a high speed 1.6 MHz swept-source OCT system. Due to the high image rate, a graphics processing unit (GPU) based signal processing software has been developed in order to obtain real time OCT images. To demonstrate the feasibility of our approach on vibrating samples, we present a laboratory setup which includes a MHz swept source for OCT. To enable the transfer of our setup to clinical applications a concept for a curved rigid laryngoscope design, integrating the optical components for high-speed OCT, is proposed. Copyright © 2019 SPIE.
Remarks on the anisotropic Calderón problem
Creators: name: Cârstea, Cătălin I.
name: Feizmohammadi, Ali
name: Oksanen, Lauri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show uniqueness results for the anisotropic Calderón problem stated on transversally anisotropic manifolds. Moreover, we give a convexity result for the range of Dirichlet-to-Neumann maps on general Riemannian manifolds near the zero potential. Finally, we present results for Calderón type inverse problems associated to semilinear elliptic equations on general Riemannian manifolds.
Dynamic coherent beam combining based on a setup of microlens arrays
Creators: name: Prossotowicz, Maike
name: Heimes, Andreas
name: Flamm, Daniel
name: Jansen, Florian
name: Otto, Hans-Jürgen
name: Budnicki, Aleksander
name: Morgner, Uwe
name: Killi, Alexander
Publisher: name: Bellingham : SPIE
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Beam shaping
subject: Beam steering
subject: Coherent beam combination
subject: Microlens arrays
subject: Ultrafast optics
subject: Ultrashort pulses
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: A novel optical concept is introduced with standard components for highly efficient coherent beam combining a system of (N x N) beams. In a proof-of-principle experiment a well-defined setup with microlens arrays (MLAs) is used to create a beam matrix of 5 x 5 beams. For the combination step the same setup is employed, and the created 25 beams are combined. A combination efficiency above 90% is achieved. Furthermore, the concept allows for dynamic beam combination, i.e., the resulting number of beams and corresponding positions can be controlled by the absolute phases of the array of input beams. A proof-of-principle experiment shows excellent agreement with the model. © COPYRIGHT SPIE
Revealing social networks of spammers through spectral clustering
Creators: name: Xu, Kevin S.
name: Kliger, Mark
name: Chen, Yilun
name: Woolf, Peter J.
name: Hero, Alfred O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To date, most studies on spam have focused only on the spamming phase of the spam cycle and have ignored the harvesting phase, which consists of the mass acquisition of email addresses. It has been observed that spammers conceal their identity to a lesser degree in the harvesting phase, so it may be possible to gain new insights into spammers' behavior by studying the behavior of harvesters, which are individuals or bots that collect email addresses. In this paper, we reveal social networks of spammers by identifying communities of harvesters with high behavioral similarity using spectral clustering. The data analyzed was collected through Project Honey Pot, a distributed system for monitoring harvesting and spamming. Our main findings are (1) that most spammers either send only phishing emails or no phishing emails at all, (2) that most communities of spammers also send only phishing emails or no phishing emails at all, and (3) that several groups of spammers within communities exhibit coherent temporal behavior and have similar IP addresses. Our findings reveal some previously unknown behavior of spammers and suggest that there is indeed social structure between spammers to be discovered.
description: Source code and data available at http://tbayes.eecs.umich.edu/xukevin/spam_icc09 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Communications (2009)
Application of R-matrix and Lagrange-mesh methods to nuclear transfer reactions
Creators: name: Shubhchintak
name: Descouvemont, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: Nuclear transfer reactions are a useful tool to study the structure of a nucleus. For reactions involving weekly bound nuclei, breakup effects can play significant role and theoretical calculations can be computational expensive in such cases. Purpose: To utilize the Lagrange-mesh and R-matrix methods for nuclear transfer reactions. Methods: We use the adiabatic distorted wave approximation (ADWA) method which can approximately treats the breakup effects in a simpler manner. In our approach, we apply the R-matrix method combining it with the Lagrange-mesh method, which is known to provide the fast and accurate computations. Results: As a test case, we calculate the angular distribution of the cross sections for the 54Fe(d, p)55Fe reaction, where deuteron breakup effects play important role. Conclusions: We show that these methods work well in the ADWA framework, and we look forward to applying these methods in coupled channel calculations.
description: Presented in the online International conference on recent trends in nuclear physics, India
A General Framework for Hierarchical Redundancy Resolution Under Arbitrary Constraints
Creators: name: Fiore, Mario D.
name: Meli, Gaetano
name: Ziese, Anton
name: Siciliano, Bruno
name: Natale, Ciro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The increasing interest in autonomous robots with a high number of degrees of freedom for industrial applications and service robotics demands control algorithms to handle multiple tasks as well as hard constraints efficiently. This paper presents a general framework in which both kinematic (velocity- or acceleration-based) and dynamic (torque-based) control of redundant robots are handled in a unified fashion. The framework allows for the specification of redundancy resolution problems featuring a hierarchy of arbitrary (equality and inequality) constraints, arbitrary weighting of the control effort in the cost function and an additional input used to optimize possibly remaining redundancy. To solve such problems, a generalization of the Saturation in the Null Space (SNS) algorithm is introduced, which extends the original method according to the features required by our general control framework. Variants of the developed algorithm are presented, which ensure both efficient computation and optimality of the solution. Experiments on a KUKA LBRiiwa robotic arm, as well as simulations with a highly redundant mobile manipulator are reported.
description: Accepted to Transactions on Robotics (T-RO). Final version in preparaton. 20 pages, 19 figures
Analytical study on holographic superconductors for Born-Infeld electrodynamics in Gauss-Bonnet gravity with backreactions
Creators: name: Yao, Weiping
name: Jing, Jiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analytically study the holographic superconductors for Born-Infeld electrodynamics in Gauss-Bonnet gravity with backreactions. We note that the analytic method is still powerful for this complex system and the results obtained by the analytical and numerical computations are consistent. We find that the critical temperature decreases with the increase of the backreactions, Gauss-Bonnet, and Born-Infeld parameters, which means that increase of the strength of these effects will make the scalar hair harder to form. Furthermore, the Gauss-Bonnet factor modifies the critical temperature more significantly than the backreaction factor. The effect of the Born-Infeld factor on the critical temperature is weaker than the backreaction factor. We also show that the critical exponent is not affected by the backreactions, Gauss-Bonnet gravity, and Born-Infeld electrodynamics.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, 1 tale
CPA-free amplification of sub-10 ps pulses in Ho:YLF to the mJ-level at 2 μm wavelength
Creators: name: Hinkelmann, Moritz
name: Schulz, Bastian
name: Wandt, Dieter
name: Morgner, Uwe
name: Frede, Maik
name: Neumann, Jörg
name: Kracht, Dietmar
Publisher: name: Bellingham : SPIE
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Infrared and far-infrared lasers
subject: Laser amplifiers
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: The generation of sub-10 ps pulses around a wavelength of 2 μm with pulse energy at millijoule-level in a compact CPA-free amplifier chain is presented. This laser source covers a broad range of pulse repetition frequencies from 1 to 100 kHz with a pulse peak power from 136 to 17MW, respectively. We used highly doped Ho:YLF crystals to achieve an overall amplification factor of almost 52 dB. A characterization of these crystals regarding upconversion losses and attainable small-signal gain supports this work. © 2019 SPIE.
Gold nanoparticle-mediated laser stimulation causes a complex stress signal in neuronal cells
Creators: name: Johannsmeier, Sonja
name: Heeger, Patrick
name: Terakawa, Mitsuhiro
name: Kalies, Stefan
name: Heisterkamp, Alexander
name: Ripken, Tammo
name: Heinemann, Dag
Publisher: name: Bellingham, WA : S P I E - International Society for Optical Engineering
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Gold nanoparticles
subject: Laser-cell-interaction
subject: Neuroimplants
subject: Neurostimulation
subject: Stress signaling
subject: Cells
subject: Cytology
subject: Gold
subject: Laser applications
subject: Laser tissue interaction
subject: Metal nanoparticles
subject: Nanoparticles
subject: Tissue
subject: Calcium response
subject: Cell interaction
subject: Cellular reactions
subject: Gold Nanoparticles
subject: Laser stimulation
subject: Single-cell level
subject: Cell signaling
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Gold nanoparticle mediated laser stimulation of neuronal cells allows for cell activation on a single-cell level. It could therefore be considered an alternative to classical electric neurostimulation. The physiological impact of this new approach has not been intensively studied so far. Here, we investigate the targeted cell's reaction to a laser stimulus based on its calcium response. A complex cellular reaction involving multiple sources has been revealed. © 2017 SPIE-OSA.
How to Leverage DNN-based speech enhancement for multi-channel speaker verification?
Creators: name: Dowerah, Sandipana
name: Serizel, Romain
name: Jouvet, Denis
name: Mohammadamini, Mohammad
name: Matrouf, Driss
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Speaker verification (SV) suffers from unsatisfactory performance in far-field scenarios due to environmental noise andthe adverse impact of room reverberation. This work presents a benchmark of multichannel speech enhancement for far-fieldspeaker verification. One approach is a deep neural network-based, and the other is a combination of deep neural network andsignal processing. We integrated a DNN architecture with signal processing techniques to carry out various experiments. Ourapproach is compared to the existing state-of-the-art approaches. We examine the importance of enrollment in pre-processing,which has been largely overlooked in previous studies. Experimental evaluation shows that pre-processing can improve the SVperformance as long as the enrollment files are processed similarly to the test data and that test and enrollment occur within similarSNR ranges. Considerable improvement is obtained on the generated and all the noise conditions of the VOiCES dataset.
A variational characterization of calibrated submanifolds
Creators: name: Cheng, Da Rong
name: Karigiannis, Spiro
name: Madnick, Jesse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C38, 58E11, 58E20

description: Let $M$ be a fixed compact oriented embedded submanifold of a manifold $\overline{M}$. Consider the volume $\mathcal{V} (\overline{g}) = \int_M \mathsf{vol}_{(M, g)}$ as a functional of the ambient metric $\overline{g}$ on $\overline{M}$, where $g = \overline{g}|_M$. We show that $\overline{g}$ is a critical point of $\mathcal{V}$ with respect to a special class of variations of $\overline{g}$, obtained by varying a calibration $μ$ on $\overline{M}$ in a particular way, if and only if $M$ is calibrated by $μ$. We do not assume that the calibration is closed. We prove this for almost complex, associative, coassociative, and Cayley calibrations, generalizing earlier work of Arezzo-Sun in the almost Kähler case. The Cayley case turns out to be particularly interesting, as it behaves quite differently from the others. We also apply these results to obtain a variational characterization of Smith maps.
description: 35 pages. Version 2: two references added and one reference updated. Final version, to appear in "Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations"
The Sense of Place: Grid Cells in the Brain and the Transcendental Number e
Creators: name: Wei, Xue-Xin
name: Prentice, Jason
name: Balasubramanian, Vijay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Grid cells in the brain respond when an animal occupies a periodic lattice of "grid fields" during spatial navigation. The grid scale varies along the dorso-ventral axis of the entorhinal cortex. We propose that the grid system minimizes the number of neurons required to encode location with a given resolution. We derive several predictions that match recent experiments: (i) grid scales follow a geometric progression, (ii) the ratio between adjacent grid scales is the square root of e for idealized neurons, and robustly lies in the range 1.4-1.7 for realistic neurons, (iii) the scale ratio varies modestly within and between animals, (iv) the ratio between grid scale and individual grid field widths at that scale also lies in this range, (v) grid fields lie on a triangular lattice. The theory also predicts the optimal grids in one and three dimensions, and the total number of discrete scales.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
An automated system for strain engineering and straintronics of 2D materials
Creators: name: Çakıroğlu, Onur
name: Island, Joshua O.
name: Xie, Yong
name: Frisenda, Riccardo
name: Castellanos-Gomez, Andres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents an automated three-point bending apparatus that can be used to study strain engineering and straintronics in two-dimensional materials. We benchmark the system by reporting reproducible strain tuned micro-reflectance, Raman, and photoluminescence spectra for monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2). These results are in good agreement with reported literature using conventional bending apparatus. We further utilize the system to automate strain investigations of straintronic devices by measuring the piezoresistive effect and the strain effect on photoresponse in an MoS2 electrical device. The details of the construction of the straightforward system are given and we anticipate it can be easily implemented for study of strain engineering and straintronics in a wide variety of 2D material systems.
Creating the first Bose-Einstein condensate in space
Creators: name: Lachmann, M.D.
name: Ahlers, H.
name: Becker, D.
name: Seidel, S.T.
name: Wendrich, T.
name: Rasel, Ernst Maria
name: Ertmer, Wolfgang
name: MAIUS-Team
Publisher: name: Bellingham, WA : SPIE - International Society for Optical Engineering
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atom interferometry in space
subject: Bose-Einstein condensates
subject: Free flight
subject: Interferometry
subject: NASA
subject: Statistical mechanics
subject: Atom interferometry
subject: Dynamic environments
subject: Inertial sensing
subject: Interferometric measurement
subject: Low expansion
subject: Space vehicles
subject: State preparation
subject: Bose-Einstein condensation
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: On 23rd of January 2017 the first Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC) in Space was created on-board the sounding rocket mission MAIUS-1. The successful launch marks a major advancement in the effort of performing matter wave interferometry with BECs on space vehicles. Its high BEC-flux enables more than 100 experiments during flight, characterizing the creation of BECs in space, their free evolution, state preparation, and the creation of cold atoms in highly dynamic environments. MAIUS-1 opens a new path towards space borne inertial sensing employing interferometers with high accuracy and sensitivity. Two follow-up missions will investigate dual-species interferometry. Recently several missions were proposed ranging from tests of the universality of free fall to gravimetry. Due to their small initial size and low expansion rates BECs are the ideal source for such an interferometric measurement. The findings of the mission will contribute to the NASA CAL project and BECCAL (NASA and DLR). This research is funded by DLR under grant 50WP1435.
GoSafeOpt: Scalable Safe Exploration for Global Optimization of Dynamical Systems
Creators: name: Sukhija, Bhavya
name: Turchetta, Matteo
name: Lindner, David
name: Krause, Andreas
name: Trimpe, Sebastian
name: Baumann, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Learning optimal control policies directly on physical systems is challenging since even a single failure can lead to costly hardware damage. Most existing model-free learning methods that guarantee safety, i.e., no failures, during exploration are limited to local optima. A notable exception is the GoSafe algorithm, which, unfortunately, cannot handle high-dimensional systems and hence cannot be applied to most real-world dynamical systems. This work proposes GoSafeOpt as the first algorithm that can safely discover globally optimal policies for high-dimensional systems while giving safety and optimality guarantees. We demonstrate the superiority of GoSafeOpt over competing model-free safe learning methods on a robot arm that would be prohibitive for GoSafe.
Effective surface albedo due to snow cover of the surrounding area
Creators: name: Weihs, P.P.
name: Lenoble, J.
name: Blumthaler, M.
name: Seckmeyer, G.
name: Philipona, R.
name: De La Casiniere, A.
name: Sergent, C.
name: Martin, T.
name: Gröbner, J.
name: Cabot, T.
name: Masserot, D.
name: Schmucki, D.
name: Simic, S.
name: Rengarajan, G.
Publisher: name: Bellingham Wash. : SPIE
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: UV radiation
subject: solar irradiance
subject: mountains
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::551 | Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: Albedo inversion techniques are investigated in this work. Several methods are applied to spectral irradiance data from a measurement campaign held in the German Alps during the spring of 1999. One first method is based on the comparison of measurements of absolute levels of UV irradiance with model calculations. The second method takes advantage of changes in the spectral slope of spectral UV irradiance, which is a function of the surface albedo. In the third method, the surrounding area is partitioned into snow-covered and snow-free regions, and the effective albedo estimated by applying a higher or lower reflectivity to each facet before integrating over the surroundings. We present sensitivity analysis, the differences and the correlations between the various methods as well as the results for the different locations.
$\textit{Ab initio}$ Materials Design of Superconductivity in $d^9$ Nickelates
Creators: name: Kitatani, Motoharu
name: Nomura, Yusuke
name: Hirayama, Motoaki
name: Arita, Ryotaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent theoretical materials design of superconducting $d^9$ nickelates for which the charge transfer from the NiO$_2$ to the block layer is completely suppressed [M. Hirayama $\textit{et al.}$, Phys. Rev. B $\textbf{101}$, 075107 (2020)], we perform a calculation based on the dynamical vertex approximation and obtain the phase diagram of RbCa$_2$NiO$_3$ and $A_2$NiO$_2$Br$_2$ where $A$ is a cation with a valence of 2.5+. We show that the phase diagram of these nickelates exhibits the same essential features as those found in cuprates. Namely, superconductivity appears upon hole-doping into an antiferromagnetic Mott insulator, and the superconducting transition temperature shows a dome-like shape. This demonstrates that the electron correlations play an essential role in nickelate superconductors and we can control them by changing block layers.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures