cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Field moment expansion method for interacting Bosonic systems
Creators: name: Eberhardt, Andrew
name: Kopp, Michael
name: Zamora, Alvaro
name: Abel, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a numerical method and python package, https://github.com/andillio/CHiMES, that simulates quantum systems initially well approximated by mean field theory using a second order extension of the classical field approach. We call this the field moment expansion method. In this way, we can accurately approximate the evolution of first and second field moments beyond where the mean field theory breaks down. This allows us to estimate the quantum breaktime of a classical approximation without any calculations external to the theory. We investigate the accuracy of the field moment expansion using a number of well studied quantum test problems. Interacting Bosonic systems similar to scalar field dark matter are chosen as test problems. We find that successful application of this method depends on two conditions: the quantum system must initially be well described by the classical theory, and that the growth of the higher order moments be hierarchical.
description: Accepted to Phys. Rev. D
Stationary photon-atom entanglement and flow equation
Creators: name: Itto, Yuichi
name: Abe, Sumiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stationary photon-atom entanglement is discussed by applying the method of flow equation to the Jaynes-Cummings model. A nonlocal continuous unitary transformation is explicitly constructed and the associated positive operator-valued measures for the photons and atom are obtained. Then, flow of the entanglement entropy is analyzed. A comment is also made on implementing the unitary operation in the method of flow equation. This method may offer a new strategy for quantum-state engineering.
description: 21 pages, no figures
IMPULSE: A 65nm Digital Compute-in-Memory Macro with Fused Weights and Membrane Potential for Spike-based Sequential Learning Tasks
Creators: name: Agrawal, Amogh
name: Ali, Mustafa
name: Koo, Minsuk
name: Rathi, Nitin
name: Jaiswal, Akhilesh
name: Roy, Kaushik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The inherent dynamics of the neuron membrane potential in Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) allows processing of sequential learning tasks, avoiding the complexity of recurrent neural networks. The highly-sparse spike-based computations in such spatio-temporal data can be leveraged for energy-efficiency. However, the membrane potential incurs additional memory access bottlenecks in current SNN hardware. To that effect, we propose a 10T-SRAM compute-in-memory (CIM) macro, specifically designed for state-of-the-art SNN inference. It consists of a fused weight (WMEM) and membrane potential (VMEM) memory and inherently exploits sparsity in input spikes leading to 97.4% reduction in energy-delay-product (EDP) at 85% sparsity (typical of SNNs considered in this work) compared to the case of no sparsity. We propose staggered data mapping and reconfigurable peripherals for handling different bit-precision requirements of WMEM and VMEM, while supporting multiple neuron functionalities. The proposed macro was fabricated in 65nm CMOS technology, achieving an energy-efficiency of 0.99TOPS/W at 0.85V supply and 200MHz frequency for signed 11-bit operations. We evaluate the SNN for sentiment classification from the IMDB dataset of movie reviews and achieve within 1% accuracy of an LSTM network with 8.5x lower parameters.
Cosmological Imprint of the Second Law of Thermodynamics
Creators: name: Kim, Hyeong-Chan
name: Lee, Jae-Weon
name: Lee, Jungjai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of the universe in the presence of inflaton, matter, radiation, and holographic dark energy. The time evolution of the scale factor is obtained by solving the Friedmann equation of the universe with a good approximation. We present two independent ways which determine the value of the dark energy constant $d\sim 1$ from the observational data. The two ways are measuring the deceleration parameter and measuring a universal constant depending only on $d$. The universal constant is given by a dimensionless combination of three scale factors at the equipartition times of radiation-matter, radiation-dark energy, and matter-dark energy. We also discuss that the second law of thermodynamics determines the point of time when the dark energy dominated era begins in the universe.
description: 18pages, 2 figures,
Special Relativity in the 21$^{\rm st}$ century
Creators: name: Cacciatori, S.
name: Gorini, V.
name: Kamenshchik, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper, which is meant to be a tribute to Minkowski's geometrical insight, rests on the idea that the basic observed symmetries of spacetime homogeneity and of isotropy of space, which are displayed by the spacetime manifold in the limiting situation in which the effects of gravity can be neglected, leads to a formulation of special relativity based on the appearance of two universal constants: a limiting speed $c$ and a cosmological constant $Λ$ which measures a residual curvature of the universe, which is not ascribable to the distribution of matter-energy. That these constants should exist is an outcome of the underlying symmetries and is confirmed by experiments and observations, which furnish their actual values. Specifically, it turns out on these foundations that the kinematical group of special relativity is the de Sitter group $dS(c,Λ)=SO(1,4)$. On this basis, we develop at an elementary classical and, hopefully, sufficiently didactical level the main aspects of the theory of special relativity based on SO(1,4) (de Sitter relativity). As an application, we apply the formalism to an intrinsic formulation of point particle kinematics describing both inertial motion and particle collisions and decays.
description: "to appear in the special (Sept/Oct 2008) issue of Annalen der Physik (Berlin) commemorating H. Minkowski's 1908 lecture in Cologne"
Cold-priming causes dampening of oxylipin biosynthesis and signalling during the early cold- and light-triggering response of Arabidopsis thaliana
Creators: name: Bittner, Andras
name: Hause, Bettina
name: Baier, Margarete
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cold
subject: high light
subject: jasmonic acid
subject: memory
subject: OPDA
subject: oxylipin
subject: plastid signalling
subject: priming
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Cold-priming uncouples cold and light regulation of otherwise tightly co-regulated genes. In this study, we focused on the early regulatory processes in Arabidopsis within the first 2 h in cold and in high light after a 5-d lag-phase at 20 °C and 24 h cold-priming at 4 °C. Priming quickly modified gene expression in a trigger-specific manner. In the early stress-response phase during cold and high-light triggering, it reduced the regulatory amplitudes of many up- and down-regulated genes. A third of the priming-regulated genes were jasmonate-sensitive, including the full set of genes required for oxylipin biosynthesis. Analysis of wild-type and mutant plants based on qPCR demonstrated that biosynthesis of the jasmonic acid (JA) precursor 12-oxo phytenoic acid (OPDA) relative to the availability of JA dampened the response of the genes for oxylipin biosynthesis. In oxylipin biosynthetic mutants, cold-priming more strongly affected genes involved in the biosynthesis of OPDA than in its conversion to JA. In addition, priming-dependent dampening of the triggering response was more linked to OPDA than to regulation of the JA concentration. Spray application of OPDA prior to triggering counteracted the priming effect. Regulation of the oxylipin hub was controlled by modulation of the oxylipin-sensitivity of the genes for OPDA biosynthesis, but it was insensitive to priming-induced accumulation of thylakoid ascorbate peroxidase, thus identifying a parallel-acting cold-priming pathway.
An interdisciplinary approach to identifying and countering root causes of digital disinformation: Evidence and international policy implications from the case of Brazil
Creators: name: Breuer, Anita
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: digitalisation
digitalization
Brazil
digital disinformation
information pollution

description: This is a presentation of Anita Breuer from the German Institute of Development and Sustainability (IDOS), Germany held at the ISA 2025 Annual Convention in Chicago after her PRODIGEES research secondment to Fundação Getulio Vargas (FGV), Brazil.

The researcher uses an interdisciplinary approach to identify the root causes of digital disinformation in Brazil and formulates evidence-based policy recommondation.
description: Horizon 2020, GA #873119
Vacuum anomalous Hall effect in gyrotropic cavity
Creators: name: Tokatly, Ilya
name: Gulevich, Dmitry
name: Iorsh, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the ground state of an electron gas embedded in a quantum gyrotropic cavity. We show that the light-matter interaction leads to a nontrivial topology of the many-body electron-photon wave function characterized by a nonzero Berry curvature. Physically, the latter manifests as the anomalous Hall effect, appearance of equilibrium edge/surface currents and orbital magnetization induced by vacuum fluctuations. Remarkably, closed analytical expressions for the anomalous Hall conductivity and macroscopic magnetization are obtained for the interacting many-body case.
RIKADA Study Reveals Risk Factors in Pediatric Primary Cardiomyopathy
Creators: name: Al‐Wakeel‐Marquard, Nadya
name: Degener, Franziska
name: Herbst, Christopher
name: Kühnisch, Jirko
name: Dartsch, Josephine
name: Schmitt, Boris
name: Kuehne, Titus
name: Messroghli, Daniel
name: Berger, Felix
name: Klaassen, Sabine
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: cardiomyopathy
subject: heart failure
subject: pediatrics
subject: risk assessment
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Cardiomyopathies are heterogeneous diseases with clinical presentations varying from asymptomatic to life-threatening events, including severe heart failure and sudden cardiac death. The role of underlying genetic and disease-modulating factors in children and adolescents is relatively unknown. In this prospective study, in-depth phenotypic and genetic characterization of pediatric patients with primary cardiomyopathy and their first-degree family members (FMs) was performed. Outcome was assessed to identify clinical risk factors. Methods and Results: Sixty index patients with primary cardiomyopathy (median age: 7.8 years) and 124 FMs were enrolled in the RIKADA (Risk Stratification in Children and Adolescents with Primary Cardiomyopathy) study. Family screening included cardiac workup and genetic testing. Using cardiologic screening, we identified 17 FMs with cardiomyopathies and 30 FMs with suspected cardiomyopathies. Adverse events appeared in 32% of index patients and were more common in those with lower body surface area (P=0.019), increased NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; P<0.001), and left ventricular dysfunction (P<0.001) and dilatation (P=0.005). The worst prognosis was observed in dilated and restrictive cardiomyopathies. Genetic variants of interest were detected in patients (79%) and FMs (67%). In all 15 families with at least 1 FM with cardiomyopathy, we found a variant of interest in the index patient. Increased number of variants of interest per patient was associated with adverse events (P=0.021). Late gadolinium enhancement was related to positive genotypes in patients (P=0.041). Conclusions: Lower body surface area, increased NT-proBNP, left ventricular dysfunction or dilatation, late gadolinium enhancement, and increased number of variants of interest were associated with adverse outcome and should be considered for risk assessment in pediatric primary cardiomyopathies. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/. Unique identifier: NCT03572569.
libEnsemble: A Library to Coordinate the Concurrent Evaluation of Dynamic Ensembles of Calculations
Creators: name: Hudson, Stephen
name: Larson, Jeffrey
name: Navarro, John-Luke
name: Wild, Stefan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Almost all applications stop scaling at some point; those that don't are seldom performant when considering time to solution on anything but aspirational/unicorn resources. Recognizing these tradeoffs as well as greater user functionality in a near-term exascale computing era, we present libEnsemble, a library aimed at particular scalability- and capability-stretching uses. libEnsemble enables running concurrent instances of an application in dynamically allocated ensembles through an extensible Python library. We highlight the structure, execution, and capabilities of the library on leading pre-exascale environments as well as advanced capabilities for exascale environments and beyond.
Maximal exercise and plasma cytochrome P450 and lipoxygenase mediators: a lipidomics study
Creators: name: Gollasch, Benjamin
name: Dogan, Inci
name: Rothe, Michael
name: Gollasch, Maik
name: Luft, Friedrich C.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: eicosanoids
subject: exercise
subject: fatty acids
subject: lipidomics
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Epoxides derived from arachidonic acid (AA) are released during exercise and may contribute to vasodilation. However, exercise may also affect circulating levels of other epoxides derived from cytochromes P450 (CYP) monooxygenase and lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways, many of whose exhibit cardiovascular activity in vitro. The effects of exercise on their levels have not been documented. We tested the hypothesis that acute, maximal exercise would influence the plasma concentrations of these vasoactive substances. We measured plasma CYP and LOX mediators derived from both the n - 3 and n - 6 fatty acid (FA) classes in healthy volunteers before, during and after short-term exhaustive exercise. Lipid mediators were profiled by means of LC-MS/MS tandem mass spectrometry. A maximal Bruce treadmill test was performed to voluntary exhaustion. Exhaustive exercise increased the circulating levels of epoxyoctadecenoic (12,13-EpOME), dihydroxyeicosatrienoic (5,6-DHET), dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (5,6-DiHETE, 17,18-DiHETE), but had no effect on the majority of CYP and LOX metabolites. Although our calculations of diol/epoxide ratios revealed preferred hydrolysis of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EEQs) into their diols (DiHETEs), this hydrolysis was resistant to maximal exercise. Our study is the first documentation that bioactive endogenous n - 3 and n - 6 CYP lipid mediators are released by short-term exhaustive exercise in humans. In particular, the CYP epoxy-metabolite status, 12,13-EpOME/DiHOME, 5,6-EET/DHET, 5,6-EEQ/DiHETE and 17,18-EEQ/DiHETE may contribute to the cardiovascular response during maximal exercise.
Cyclosporine--ocular absorption, pharmacokinetics & effects on uveitis
Creators: name: Kalsi, Gursharan Singh
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Inflammatory ocular disease is an important cause of blindness and uveitis accounts for 1.0% of blind patients in Canada.¹ This disease can be particularly troublesome to treat, because the nature of the causal factor or factors and mechanisms of progressi n are usually unknown. Non-specific anti - inflammatory agents have been used orally and systemically with some success to treat uveitis, ²⁻⁸ but they may produce serious side effects both locally and elsewhere in the body.⁹̛¹²̛¹⁴ With prolonged use tolerance to these drugs may develop , making them ineffective. Recently a powerful immuno suppressive agent, Cyclosporine (Cy), used orally and systemically in the treatment of uveitis has shown promising results.¹⁶⁻¹⁹̛²⁸ However, its routine use is limited because of a narrow therapeutic index and renal toxicity. Several studies have shown that subconjunctival injection of a number of antineoplastic agents enhanced ocular absorption ²⁰⁻²⁴ in a traditional pharmacological sanctuary,¹³̛¹⁴ and circumvented the associated systemic side effects. Therefore, if Cy were administered subconjunctivally it might be possible to avoid the side effects associated with the oral and systemic routes, and at the same time provide higher levels of Cy to the eye. A protocol for the administration of Cy subconjunctivally was developed in New Zealand white rabbits, to study toxicity, ocular pharmacokinetics following equidose administration subconjunctivally and systemically and the effects of Cy on an animal model of uveitis. Subconjuntival administration of 5mg of Cy in O.lcc (Sandimmune I.V.(R) 50 mg/ml) weekly was found to be the maximum tolerated dose by the rabbitsˈ eye, and was superior to intravenous injection for ocular penetration while minimizing systemic exposure. The uveitis model showed that Cy was effective in reducing the inflammatory response and the earlier the application of Cy the milder the uveitis. The results from our study support the contention that local administration of Cy would lead to higher levels of Cy absorption and circumvent the side effects of systemic administration. This may facilitate the routine use of Cy in ocular inflammatory disease.
Exclusivist Identities in Central Asia Implications for Regional Stability and Cooperation
Creators: name: Zhussipbek Galym
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Central Asia
Exclusivist Identity
Islam
Soviet Nationality Policy

description: Chapter in the edited volume "Nationalisms and Identity Construction in Central Asia: Dimensions, Dynamics, and Directions" (ed. by Mariya Omelicheva), pp. 129-147, Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, 2014.

Abstract

What are the sources of inter-ethnic and inter-communal tensions in Central Asia? This chapter illuminated one of these sources, namely, the processes of constructing exclusivist identities in Central Asian states. Built at the state level and below, these exclusivist identities engender inter-communal peace and also undermine efforts at regional cooperation and integration. Both exclusivist identities and Central Asian orientalism are an unfortunate product of the Soviet-era policies that transformed the sociological and psychological fabric of the Central Asian societies. The pre-Soviet identities of the Central Asian peoples had little to do with contemporary ethnic identifications, which were imposed by the nationalities policy of the Soviet Union as a necessary step toward socialism. However artificial these ethnic and national definitions are, the fact remains that Central Asian peoples have come to perceive them as real and identify themselves and others according to these categories. This, in turn, has opened the space for ethnic-based exclusivist group identities. It can be argued that the construction of exclusivist identities in Central Asia has resulted from the pervasiveness of post-Soviet mentality across the region.
Transverse Beam Spin Asymmetries in Forward-Angle Elastic Electron-Proton Scattering
Creators: name: G0 Collaboration
name: Armstrong, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the beam-normal single-spin asymmetry in elastic scattering of transversely-polarized 3 GeV electrons from unpolarized protons at Q^2 = 0.15, 0.25 (GeV/c)^2. The results are inconsistent with calculations solely using the elastic nucleon intermediate state, and generally agree with calculations with significant inelastic hadronic intermediate state contributions. A_n provides a direct probe of the imaginary component of the 2-gamma exchange amplitude, the complete description of which is important in the interpretation of data from precision electron-scattering experiments.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters; shortened to meet PRL length limit, clarified some text after referee's comments
Physical limits of inference
Creators: name: Wolpert, David H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: I show that physical devices that perform observation, prediction, or recollection share an underlying mathematical structure. I call devices with that structure "inference devices". I present a set of existence and impossibility results concerning inference devices. These results hold independent of the precise physical laws governing our universe. In a limited sense, the impossibility results establish that Laplace was wrong to claim that even in a classical, non-chaotic universe the future can be unerringly predicted, given sufficient knowledge of the present. Alternatively, these impossibility results can be viewed as a non-quantum mechanical "uncertainty principle". Next I explore the close connections between the mathematics of inference devices and of Turing Machines. In particular, the impossibility results for inference devices are similar to the Halting theorem for TM's. Furthermore, one can define an analog of Universal TM's (UTM's) for inference devices. I call those analogs "strong inference devices". I use strong inference devices to define the "inference complexity" of an inference task, which is the analog of the Kolmogorov complexity of computing a string. However no universe can contain more than one strong inference device. So whereas the Kolmogorov complexity of a string is arbitrary up to specification of the UTM, there is no such arbitrariness in the inference complexity of an inference task. I end by discussing the philosophical implications of these results, e.g., for whether the universe "is" a computer.
description: 43 pages, updated version of Physica D version, which originally appeared in 2007 CNLS conference on unconventional computation
Políticas Públicas da Gestão de Resíduos Sólidos nos municípios do Rio Grande do Sul: Uma análise dos gestores
Creators: name: Ana Carolina Razera
name: Carla Denise Tedesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: RESUMOA pesquisa objetiva analisar municípios do Norte do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, sobre as dificuldades da aplicabilidade da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS). A metodologia baseou-se em entrevistas com os responsáveis pelo setor em seis municípios. A partir disso foram elaboradas as categorias: Políticas Públicas e Projetos voltados aos Resíduos Domiciliares Municipais; Caracterização do Processo de Coleta, Transbordo e Disposição de Resíduos Domiciliares; Caracterização dos Pontos de Coleta Municipais de Resíduos Domiciliares Perigosos; Visão atual dos gestores em relação a participação da comunidade e a Visão futura dos gestores em relação aos resíduos. Com base nas entrevistas a maioria dos municípios apresentou planejamento para o gerenciamento de resíduos, bem como realizam ações socioeducativas, e campanhas. De acordo com os gestores, a falta de investimentos é o que limita a atuação da gestão, além da dificuldade de colaboração da população em relação à segregação. A partir do estudo das gestões municipais de resíduos, e por se tratar de uma pesquisa de gerenciamento se espera que os profissionais possam modificar os pontos instáveis das políticas aplicadas e reforçar os pontos fortes já em execução, para assim, obter um melhor desenvolvimento dos planos municipais de resíduos. Já que o gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos é necessário em todas as esferas públicas brasileiras podendo melhorar a qualidade de vida populacional e a sua saúde.Palavras-chave: Políticas Públicas. Gestão Pública. Resíduos Sólidos. Municípios. Gerenciamento
Mesh adaptation and adjoint methods for finite element coastal ocean modelling
Creators: name: Wallwork, Joseph Gregory
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Adjoint methods have become extremely useful tools for computational geoscience. In this thesis, the two main implementations – the continuous and discrete adjoint methods – are compared within the same code framework, Firedrake, in terms of accuracy, computational cost and usability. The discrete adjoint method is deemed best suited for use within gradient-based optimisation routines and is used to invert timeseries data for a tsunami source, with different automatic differentiation tools applied to the source and propagation models. The second focus is on mesh adaptation techniques suitable for representing time-dependent, multi-scale coastal ocean dynamics. Historically, h- and r-adaptation communities have developed methods independently. However, the metric-based framework is independent of how the discretisation is modified, meaning that it allows for h-, r- and hybrid adaptation. It has the advantage of allowing control of anisotropy, which is demonstrated to be useful for advection-dominated problems. A monitor-based approach – specific to r-adaptation and built upon optimal transport theory – is also considered and is shown to be capable of reducing point-wise error in a sediment transport test case, at comparable overall cost to uniform meshing. Much time and effort has been spent on mesh adaptation research in the past four decades. However, it is arguably under-utilised in practical applications. This is largely because making effective choices of error estimator, optimal mesh model and adaptation method generally requires both experience and an in-depth understanding of the problem at hand. The two strands of research, on adaptation and adjoint methods, come together most clearly in goal-oriented mesh adaptation, which goes some way to reduce user experience requirements. Meshes are constructed based on accurately approximating a diagnostic quantity of interest, with the adjoint method used to evaluate associated error estimators. The culmination of this thesis applies goal-oriented mesh adaptation to four geoscience problems of increasing complexity.
The exploitation of  widely linear filtering in MIMO communication systems
Creators: name: Sterle, Fabio
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: La tesi di dottorato si occupa della sintesi di apparati di ricetrasmissione che adottino un modello di sistema lineare con ingressi ed uscite multiple (MIMO, multiple input multiple output) per il canale equivalente nel tempo-discreto.
Con riferimento al problema della egualizzazione di canali MIMO lineari invarianti nel tempo (LTI, Linear Time Invariant) e con risposta impulsiva di durata finita (FIR, finite impulse response), è proposta la sintesi di ricevitori FIR basati sull’elaborazione lineare estesa (WL, Widely Linear). Assumendo di operare sui segnali in banda base, l’uscita di un filtro WL è definita come la combinazione lineare delle uscite di due filtri che elaborano separatamente la componente reale e quella immaginaria dei segnali di ingresso. Con riferimento a canali MIMO LTI FIR selettivi in frequenza, è proposta la versione WL dell’egualizzatore dotato del solo filtro di feedforward per l’elaborazione dei segnali ricevuti ed, inoltre, è proposta la versione WL dell’egualizzatore che, oltre ai segnali ricevuti, elabora anche i simboli già decodificati (DF, decision feedback) per rimuovere l’interferenza intersimbolica.
Inoltre, sono presentate due strutture non equivalenti basate su due diverse definizioni di filtraggio WL. In un elevato numero di lavori presenti in letteratura, infatti, l’elaborazione WL è definita come la combinazione lineare delle uscite di due filtri che elaborano indipendentemente i segnali e la loro versione complessa coniugata. E’ noto che tale elaborazione è equivalente a quella basata sulla elaborazione separata delle componente reale e di quella immaginaria dei segnali. Tuttavia, l’equivalenza delle strutture ottenute con le due diverse notazioni non permane se vengono ammesse strutture più generali per il filtro di retroazione.
Infine, nella tesi viene considerato il problema della sintesi di apparati di ricetrasmissione per canali MIMO LTI FIR senza memoria. L’esistenza di un canale di ritorno tra trasmettitore e ricevitore consente di disporre in  trasmissione di una stima della risposta impulsiva del canale e, conseguentemente, consente di determinare congiuntamente le elaborazioni dei segnali da trasmettere e di quelli ricevuti in accordo al criterio di ottimizzazione scelto. Viene presentata una struttura del trasmettitore e del ricevitore che usi filtri WL, anziché i convenzionali filtri lineari, ed è proposta la loro derivazione in accordo al criterio MMSE unitamente al vincolo di potenza trasmessa finita.
Arrested phase separation in double-exchange models: machine-learning enabled large-scale simulation
Creators: name: Zhang, Puhan
name: Chern, Gia-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present large-scale dynamical simulations of electronic phase separation in the single-band double-exchange model based on deep-learning neural-network potentials trained from small-size exact diagonalization solutions. We uncover an intriguing correlation-induced freezing behavior as doped holes are segregated from half-filled insulating background during equilibration. While the aggregation of holes is stabilized by the formation of ferromagnetic clusters through Hund's coupling between charge carriers and local magnetic moments, this stabilization also creates confining potentials for holes when antiferromagnetic spin-spin correlation is well developed in the background. The dramatically reduced mobility of the self-trapped holes prematurely disrupts further growth of the ferromagnetic clusters, leading to an arrested phase separation. Implications of our findings for phase separation dynamics in materials that exhibit colossal magnetoresistance effect are discussed.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2006.04205
Acceleration of probabilistic reasoning through custom processor architecture
Creators: name: Shah, Nimish
name: Olascoaga, Laura I. Galindez
name: Meert, Wannes
name: Verhelst, Marian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Probabilistic reasoning is an essential tool for robust decision-making systems because of its ability to explicitly handle real-world uncertainty, constraints and causal relations. Consequently, researchers are developing hybrid models by combining Deep Learning with probabilistic reasoning for safety-critical applications like self-driving vehicles, autonomous drones, etc. However, probabilistic reasoning kernels do not execute efficiently on CPUs or GPUs. This paper, therefore, proposes a custom programmable processor to accelerate sum-product networks, an important probabilistic reasoning execution kernel. The processor has an optimized datapath architecture and memory hierarchy optimized for sum-product networks execution. Experimental results show that the processor, while requiring fewer computational and memory units, achieves a 12x throughput benefit over the Nvidia Jetson TX2 embedded GPU platform.
Computational Fluid Dynamics of Catalytic Reactors
Creators: name: Hettel, Matthias
name: Wörner, Martin
name: Deutschmann, Olaf
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2018

description: Today, the challenge in chemical and material synthesis is not only the development of new catalysts and supports to synthesize a desired product, but also the understanding of the interaction of the catalyst with the surrounding flow field. Computational Fluid Dynamics or CFD is the analysis of fluid flow, heat and mass transfer and chemical reactions by means of computer-based numerical simulations. CFD has matured into a powerful tool with a wide range of applications in industry and academia. From a reaction engineering perspective, main advantages are reduction of time and costs for reactor design and optimization, and the ability to study systems where experiments can hardly be performed, e.g., hazardous conditions or beyond normal operation limits. However, the simulation results will always remain a reflection of the uncertainty in the underlying models and physicochemical parameters so that in general a careful experimental validation is required. This chapter introduces the application of CFD simulations in heterogeneous catalysis. Catalytic reactors can be classified by the geometrical design of the catalyst material (e.g. monoliths, particles, pellets, washcoats). Approaches for modeling and numerical simulation of the various catalyst types are presented. Focus is put on the principal concepts for coupling the physical and chemical processes on different levels of details, and on illustrative applications. Models for surface reaction kinetics and turbulence are described and an overview on available numerical methods and computational tools is provided.
Free expansion of a Lieb-Liniger gas: Asymptotic form of the wave functions
Creators: name: Jukić, D.
name: Pezer, R.
name: Gasenzer, T.
name: Buljan, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The asymptotic form of the wave functions describing a freely expanding Lieb-Liniger gas is derived by using a Fermi-Bose transformation for time-dependent states, and the stationary phase approximation. We find that asymptotically the wave functions approach the Tonks-Girardeau (TG) structure as they vanish when any two of the particle coordinates coincide. We point out that the properties of these asymptotic states can significantly differ from the properties of a TG gas in a ground state of an external potential. The dependence of the asymptotic wave function on the initial state is discussed. The analysis encompasses a large class of initial conditions, including the ground states of a Lieb-Liniger gas in physically realistic external potentials. It is also demonstrated that the interaction energy asymptotically decays as a universal power law with time, $E_\mathrm{int}\propto t^{-3}$.
description: Section VI added to v2; published version
Coupling disorder in a population of swarmalators
Creators: name: Hong, Hyunsuk
name: Yeo, Kangmo
name: Lee, Hyun Keun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a population of two-dimensional oscillators with random couplings, and explore the collective states. The coupling strength between oscillators is randomly quenched with two values one of which is positive while the other is negative, and the oscillators can spatially {\it{move}} depending on the state variables for phase and position. We find that the system shows the phase transition from the incoherent state to the fully synchronized one at a proper ratio of the number of positive couplings to the total. The threshold is numerically measured, and analytically predicted by the linear stability analysis of the fully synchronized state. It is found that the random couplings induces the long-term state patterns appearing for constant strength. The oscillators move to the places where the randomly quenched couplings work as if annealed. We further observe that the system with mixed randomnesses for quenched couplings shows the combination of the deformed patterns understandable with each annealed averages.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
A new model for the structure of the DACs and SACs regions in the Oe and Be stellar atmospheres
Creators: name: Danezis, E.
name: Nikolaidis, D.
name: Lyratzi, E.
name: Popović, L. Č.
name: Dimitrijević, M. S.
name: Antoniou, A.
name: Theodosiou, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a new mathematical model for the density regions where a specific spectral line and its SACs/DACs are created in the Oe and Be stellar atmospheres. In the calculations of final spectral line function we consider that the main reasons of the line broadening are the rotation of the density regions creating the spectral line and its DACs/SACs, as well as the random motions of the ions. This line function is able to reproduce the spectral feature and it enables us to calculate some important physical parameters, such as the rotational, the radial and the random velocities, the Full Width at Half Maximum, the Gaussian deviation, the optical depth, the column density and the absorbed or emitted energy. Additionally, we can calculate the percentage of the contribution of the rotational velocity and the ions' random motions of the DACs/SACs regions to the line broadening. Finally, we present two tests and three short applications of the proposed model.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ
Biology of Gnathotrichus retusus and behavioural responses of G. retusus and G. sulcatus to semiochemicals
Creators: name: Liu, Youngbiao
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Gnathotrichus retusus is primarily univoltine with a minor fraction of the population taking more than one year to complete the life cycle. From the spring to the summer, the development of brood from egg to adult took about 40 days or more in Douglas-fir logs. Brood production was significantly related to the gallery length. Boring activities were not consistently related with temperature, shifting from shallow sapwood to deep sapwood over time. Fungal staining was usually limited to the wood near the gallery entrance, and became darker in colour over time beginning in June. Abandonment of some galleries mainly occurred in June and July by females, and was probably induced by high temperatures. G. retusus preferred Douglas-fir stumps to western hemlock stumps, but both host tree species were equally suitable for G. retusus brood development. Significant differences were found among individual Douglas-fir and western hemlock stumps in attack density and brood production. Within a stump, attack density and brood production for Douglas-fir, and attack density for western hemlock increased from the stump top to the bottom. G. retusus emergence from Douglas-fir and western hemlock stumps and G. retusus and G. sulcat us flights began in late April when the daily maximum temperature reached 13.5°C, and peaked in late May. Brood emergence of G. retusus ceased, with rare exception, in late June. G. retusus had only one big peak flight while G. sulcatus had a small second peak flight in late July. Seasonal flights ceased in October when weekly mean maximum temperatures dropped below 15°C. Brood emergence, seasonal flights, and the sex ratios of brood ready to emerge and captured flying beetles were positively correlated with maximum temperature. G. retusus had a bimodal diurnal flight rhythm: a very small morning flight and a much larger dusk flight. Light intensity seemed to be a major stimulus in initiating the flight. However, diurnal flight might also be influenced by both temperature and relative humidity. Both G. retusus and G. sulcatus of both sexes responded significantly to ethanol or their own aggregation pheromones, (+)-sulcatol and (±)-sulcatol respectively, and ethanol was a synergist of (+)-sulcatol for G. retusus of both sexes. Alpha-pinene was neither a primary host attractant nor a synergist of aggregation pheromones. The sex ratios (female/male) of both species increased significantly from less than one for host chemicals alone to above one for treatments including aggregation pheromones. The sex ratio of G. sulcatus increased with increases in release rates of (±)-sulcatol.
Association between obesity after liver transplantation and steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis of the graft
Creators: name: Dobrindt, Eva M.
name: Allex, Laura
name: Saipbaev, Akylbek
name: Öllinger, Robert
name: Schöning, Wenzel
name: Pratschke, Johann
name: Eurich, Dennis
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: diabetes
subject: fibrosis
subject: metabolic complications
subject: metabolic syndrome
subject: obesity
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis has become one of the leading causes of liver transplantation. The development of steatosis, as well as the link to inflammation and fibrosis, after transplantation remain poorly understood. The aim of this analysis was to evaluate the influence of obesity on histopathological changes of the graft during long-term follow-up. Methods A total of 1494 longitudinal liver biopsies of 271 recipients were evaluated during a follow-up period of 5 to 10 years. Clinical and laboratory parameters as well as histopathological categories of steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis were explored by routine protocol biopsies. Results The BMI and prevalence of diabetes mellitus significantly increased after transplantation (P < .01). Diabetes and de novo obesity were significantly associated with the degree of graft steatosis. There was no correlation between former steatosis and inflammation or fibrosis. Inflammation was a precursor of fibrosis, and fibrosis increased over the first 3 years (P < .01). No severe graft dysfunction was observed. Conclusion Obesity and diabetes mellitus correlated with higher grades of steatosis and de novo steatosis after transplantation. Metabolic syndrome must be considered as a serious post-transplant complication that can cause histopathological alteration. However, the progress from steatosis to steatohepatitis is not as common as expected.
Cyrtopsis Bey-Bienko 1962
Creators: name: Wang, Hanqiang
name: Qin, Yanyan
name: Liu, Xianwei
name: Li, Kai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Tettigoniidae
Cyrtopsis

description: Cyrtopsis Bey-Bienko, 1962
 Cyrtopsis: Bey-Bienko, 1962, Trudy Onst. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 30, 132; Beier, 1966, Orthopterorum Catalogus, 9, 281; Liu & Jin, 1994, Contr. Shanghai Inst. Entomol., 11, 109; Jin & Xia, 1994, Jour. Orth. Res., 3, 26; Otte, 1997, Orthoptera Species File 7, 96; Gorochov, 1998, Zoosystematica Rossica, 7(1), 120; Liu & Zhang, 2007, Entomotaxonomia, 29 (2), 85. Type species: Cyrtopsis scutigera Bey-Bienko, 1962
Size medium to large of tribe Meconematini, quite robust, brachypterous. Metazona of male elevated somewhat, terminal area down curved, hind margin of paranota oblique but gently convex; auditory foramina of thorax entirely exposed; each femur unarmed, both tympana of fore tibiae open, each genicular lobe of hind femur usually bearing an apical spine, rarely variable, hind tibiae with 2 paired apical spurs; acoustical opening fully exposed; tegmina largely covered by metazona, with stridulating organ in male. 10th abdominal tergite of male bearing unpaired process, but middle with a deep sulcus; titillator completely sclerotized but concealed between terminal tergite and subgenital plate, can be observed in posterior view; subgenital plate of female small, globularly swelled, ovipositor short and rigid, margins smooth, without apical hook.
description: Published as part of Wang, Hanqiang, Qin, Yanyan, Liu, Xianwei & Li, Kai, 2015, Review of the genus Cyrtopsis Bey-Bienko with a new species, a new combination and some new descriptions, pp. 353-370 in Zootaxa 4057 (3) on page 354, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4057.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/239942
Prolonged multimodal fasting modulates periodontal inflammation in female patients with metabolic syndrome: A prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Pappe, Christina Laetitia
name: Steckhan, Nico
name: Hoedke, Daniela
name: Jepsen, Søren
name: Rauch, Geralinde
name: Keller, Theresa
name: Michalsen, Andreas
name: Dommisch, Henrik
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: bleeding on probing
subject: fasting
subject: gingival crevicular fluid
subject: metabolic syndrome
subject: periodontal inflammation
subject: C-reactive protein
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Aim To determine the potential anti-inflammatory effect of a multimodal periodic fasting programme on surrogate parameters of periodontal inflammation in hospitalized patients diagnosed for metabolic syndrome (MetS). Material and methods A total of 47 patients were recruited and hospitalized in an integrative ward for an intensified two-week multimodal fasting, diet and lifestyle programme. Patients were periodontally examined at baseline (t1), after the 2-week fasting protocol (t2) and, subsequently, 4 months after fasting (t3). The following parameters were determined: periodontal screening index (PSI), bleeding on probing (BOP), gingival crevicular fluid volume (GCF), plaque index (PI), C-reactive protein (CRP), blood pressure (BP), waist circumference (WC), fasting glucose (FGLU), triglycerides (TRG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and HbA1c. Results A total of 28 female and 8 male patients fulfilled the defined criteria for MetS and were analysed separately by gender. At t2, BOP and GCF were reduced when compared to t1 (median: t2 = 39; t1 = 33.1%; p p = .02, respectively). BOP reduction correlated to FGLU (R = .37, p = .049) and weight reduction (R = .4, p = .04). Conclusion This study showed for the first time that clinically supervised periodic fasting in female patients with MetS may facilitate the reduction of periodontal inflammation.