cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sub-shell closure and shape coexistence in the transitional nucleus Zr 98
Creators: name: Möller, O.
name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Cline, D.
name: David, H.M.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Korten, W.
name: Ayangeakaa, A.D.
name: Hayes, A.
name: Smith, J.
name: Werner, V.
name: Wu, C.Y.
name: Pietralla, N.
name: Savard, G.
name: Hoffman, C.
name: Kay, B.P.
name: Bucher, B.
name: Witt, W.
name: Albers, M.
name: Stegmann, R.
name: Kondev, F.G.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Rainovski, G.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2018

description: In the rapid shape change from spherical to deformed nuclei in the Z=40 Zr isotopic chain, recent work has identified shape coexistence in Zr96. Between Zr96 and the strongly deformed Zr100, Zr98 is expected to also exhibit coexistence of nuclear shapes. The degree of mixing between different configurations is mainly determined by the nucleon-nucleon interactions. For nuclear model predictions, experimental constraints are needed, but they are barely available for Zr98. To study low-lying transitions in Zr98, a Coulomb excitation experiment was conducted at the Argonne Tandem-Linac Accelerator System (ATLAS) facility using a Zr98 beam extracted from the Californium Rare Ion Breeder Upgrade (CARIBU) ion source and Gamma-Ray Energy Tracking In-beam Nuclear Array (GRETINA) for γ-ray spectroscopy coupled to the compact heavy ion counter (CHICO2) for ion detection. This paper reports on the first decisive deduction of the B(E2;21+→01+) transition strength in Zr98 and on its interpretation.
On the scaling of avalanche shape and activity power spectrum in neuronal networks
Creators: name: Nandi, Manoj K.
name: Sarracino, Alessandro
name: Herrmann, Hans J.
name: de Arcangelis, Lucilla
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many systems in Nature exhibit avalanche dynamics with scale-free features. A general scaling theory has been proposed for critical avalanche profiles in crackling noise, predicting the collapse onto a universal avalanche shape, as well as the scaling behaviour of the activity power spectrum as Brown noise. Recently, much attention has been given to the profile of neuronal avalanches, measured in neuronal systems in vitro and in vivo. Although a universal profile was evidenced, confirming the validity of the general scaling theory, the parallel study of the power spectrum scaling under the same conditions was not performed. The puzzling observation is that in the majority of healthy neuronal systems the power spectrum exhibits a behaviour close to $1/f$, rather than Brown, noise. Here we perform a numerical study of the scaling behaviour of avalanche shape and power spectrum for a model of integrate and fire neurons with a short-term plasticity parameter able to tune the system to criticality. We confirm that, at criticality, the average avalanche size and the avalanche profile fulfill the general avalanche scaling theory. However, the power spectrum consistently exhibits Brown noise behaviour, for both fully excitatory networks and systems with 30\% inhibitory networks. Conversely, a behaviour closer to $1/f$ noise is observed in systems slightly off-criticality. Results suggest that the power spectrum is a good indicator to determine how close neuronal activity is to criticality.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Collaborating in Public: How Openess Shapes Global Warming Articles in Wikipedia
Creators: name: Cooke, Ana
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 200302 English Language
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Prominent in its own right and also an exemplar of a growing trend of open collaborations, Wikipedia represents a shift in how the public seeks and participates in knowledge circulation around high-stakes issues. Wikipedians take up genres, they collaborate to represent “the facts” about public issues, and they do so in environments of ever-shifting texts and unstable rhetorical constraints. This dissertation takes a novel, diachronic approach to tracing these dynamics of textual uptake, genre enactment, collaboration, and instability. Specifically, I trace how the global warming-related articles in Wikipedia changed over time, particularly in the wake of the publication of the 2007 International Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report. In doing so, I explore the epistemic and rhetorical implications of what happens when the public collaborates to construct “the truth” about high-stakes issues. I trace how Wikipedians enact genre in an unstable environment by analyzing how arguments unfold in Wikipedia talk pages, how the article text and citations change, as well as the larger network of global warming-related articles. This analysis yields several significant findings. In chapter 2, I find that Wikipedians’ arguments create boundaries around the discursive spheres that can be cited within different articles, which suggests the significance of arguments not only about the topic but about genre as a deliberative resource in networked discourse. In chapter 3, I find that editors’ work in enacting genre results in facts becoming more at issue, or destabilized, within articles through the course of 2007. This analysis suggests that arguments about genre, and the easy availability of circulating texts online, may challenge consensus about controversial issues. In chapter 4, I use argument and network analysis to trace both Article for Deletion discussions and also the larger ecosystem of articles about global warming. This analysis shows how the talk page and article editing practices that I trace in earlier chapters become sedimented within the site’s information architecture, shaping what Internet users may learn about the issue. In aggregate, this dissertation contributes to understanding not only how the openness that characterizes online collaborative environments shapes public discourse around controversy, but also the dynamics of public uptake and discussion of texts in the networked era.
From the Circumnuclear Disk in the Galactic Center to thick, obscuring tori of AGNs -- Modelling the molecular emission of a parsec-scale torus as found in NGC1068
Creators: name: Vollmer, B.
name: Davies, R. I.
name: Gratier, P.
name: Lizee, Th.
name: Imanishi, M.
name: Gallimore, J. F.
name: Impellizzeri, C. M. V.
name: Garcia-Burillo, S.
name: Petit, F. Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accretion rates needed to fuel the central black hole in a galaxy can be achieved via viscous torques in thick disks and rings, which can be resolved by millimetre interferometry within the inner ~20pc of the active galaxy NGC1068 at comparable scales and sensitivity to single dish observations of the Circumnuclear Disk (CND) in the Galactic Center. To interpret observations of these regions and determine the physical properties of their gas distribution, we present a modelling effort that includes (i) a simple dynamical simulations involving partially inelastic collisions between disk gas clouds, (ii) an analytical model of a turbulent clumpy gas disk calibrated by the dynamical model and observations, (iii) local turbulent and cosmic ray gas heating and cooling via H2O, H2, and CO emission, and (iv) determination of the molecular abundances. We also consider photodissociation regions (PDR) where gas is directly illuminated by the central engine. We compare the resulting model datacubes of the CO, HCN, HCO+, and CS brightness temperatures to available observations. In both cases the kinematics can be explained by one or two clouds colliding with a pre-existing ring, in a prograde sense for the CND and retrograde for NGC1068. And, with only dense disk clouds, the line fluxes can be reproduced to within a factor of about two. To avoid self-absorption of the intercloud medium, turbulent heating at the largest scales, comparable to the disk height, has to be decreased by a factor of 50-200. Our models indicate that turbulent mechanical energy input is the dominant gas heating mechanism within the thick gas disks. In N1068, while the bulk of the AGN X-ray radiation is absorbed in a layer of Compton-thick gas inside the dust sublimation radius, the optical/UV radiation may enhance the molecular line emission from photodissociation regions by ~50% at the inner edge of the gas ring.
description: 36 pages, 32 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Creative Robotic Systems for Talent-Based Learning
Creators: name: Cross, Jennifer Light
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80101 Adaptive Agents and Intelligent Robotics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, the U.S. educational system has fallen short in training the technology innovators of the future. To do so, we must give students the experience of designing and creating technological artifacts, rather than relegating students to the role of technology consumers. We also must provide educators with opportunities and professional development for identifying and supporting their students’ talents. This is especially important for the identification of student talents in computational thinking or engineering design, where schools commonly lack educators well-versed in those domains. Educational robotics systems are one possible method for providing educators and students with these opportunities. Our creative robotics program, Arts & Bots, combines craft materials with robotic construction and programming tasks. Arts & Bots is integrated with nontechnical disciplines and encourages a wide variety of student talents surface. This thesis describes our process in developing Arts & Bots as a tool for talent-based learning. We define talent-based learning as leveraging understanding of a student’s talent areas to encourage and motivate learning. We look at this process and the outcomes of two multi-year Arts & Bots studies: a three-year Arts & Bots Pioneers study, where we integrated Arts & Bots into non-technical classes; and the four-year Arts & Bots Math-Science Partnership, where we further refined Arts & Bots as a tool for talent identification. This thesis outlines our development of a teacher training model and case studies of two teacher-designed, Arts & Bots classroom projects. We present a taxonomy for novice-built robots along with other tools that support the identification of engineering design and computational thinking talent by non-technical teachers. Finally, we describe our development of a suite of evaluation tools for assessing the outcomes of the Arts & Bots program along with our findings from that evaluation.
Additional file 3 of Acute kidney injury in neurocritical care
Creators: name: Husain-Syed, Faeq
name: Takeuchi, Tomonori
name: Neyra, Javier A.
name: Ramírez-Guerrero, Gonzalo
name: Rosner, Mitchell H.
name: Ronco, Claudio
name: Tolwani, Ashita J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Cell Biology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Marine Biology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Appendix Table 2. AKI and RRT rates and associated outcomes in neurocritically ill patients.
On the Variation of Fourier Parameters for Galactic and LMC Cepheids at Optical, Near-Infrared and Mid-Infrared Wavelengths
Creators: name: Bhardwaj, Anupam
name: Kanbur, Shashi M.
name: Singh, Harinder P.
name: Macri, Lucas M.
name: Ngeow, Chow-Choong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a light curve analysis of fundamental-mode Galactic and Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) Cepheids based on the Fourier decomposition technique. We have compiled light curve data for Galactic and LMC Cepheids in optical ({\it VI}), near-infrared ({\it JHK}$_s$) and mid-infrared (3.6 $\&$ 4.5-$μ$m) bands from the literature and determined the variation of their Fourier parameters as a function of period and wavelength. We observed a decrease in Fourier amplitude parameters and an increase in Fourier phase parameters with increasing wavelengths at a given period. We also found a decrease in the skewness and acuteness parameters as a function of wavelength at a fixed period. We applied a binning method to analyze the progression of the mean Fourier parameters with period and wavelength. We found that for periods longer than about 20 days, the values of the Fourier amplitude parameters increase sharply for shorter wavelengths as compared to wavelengths longer than the $J$-band. We observed the variation of the Hertzsprung progression with wavelength. The central period of the Hertzsprung progression was found to increase with wavelength in the case of the Fourier amplitude parameters and decrease with increasing wavelength in the case of phase parameters. We also observed a small variation of the central period of the progression between the Galaxy and LMC, presumably related to metallicity effects. These results will provide useful constraints for stellar pulsation codes that incorporate stellar atmosphere models to produce Cepheid light curves in various bands.
description: 22 pages, 19 figures, Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Main Journal
Low-spin structure of the N=82 nucleus Cs 137
Creators: name: Allmond, J.M.
name: Reviol, W.
name: Gargano, A.
name: Bottoni, S.
name: Elson, J.M.
name: Itaco, N.
name: Ayangeakaa, A.D.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Padilla-Rodal, E.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Sarantites, D.G.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Kinnison, J.E.
name: Galindo-Uribarri, A.
name: David, H.M.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2018

description: Excited states in Cs137 have been studied by using the near-barrier, single-proton transfer reaction B10(Xe136,Be9γ)Cs137 in inverse kinematics and performing particle-γ and particle-γγ coincidence measurements. The low-spin level scheme of Cs137 has been augmented: (i) The expected set of single-proton, seniority υ=1 states has been delineated in its entirety; (ii) Another member of the υ=3 proton 0g7/2 multiplet, a low-lying 9/2+ level, has been identified and this set of states now approaches completion; (iii) A second 9/2+ and a candidate 13/2+ level have been observed. The results are discussed in the framework of shell-model calculations in the proton 2s1d0g0h shell.
Tidal excitation of autoresonant oscillations in stars with close-by planets
Creators: name: Lanza, A. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Close-by planets may excite various kinds of oscillations in their host stars through their time-varying tidal potential. Magnetostrophic oscillations with a frequency much smaller than the stellar rotation frequency have recently been proposed to account for the spin-orbit commensurability observed in several planet-hosting stars. In principle, they can be resonantly excited in an isolated slender magnetic flux tube by a Fourier component of the time-varying tidal potential with a very low frequency in the reference frame rotating with the host. However, due to the weakness of such high-order tidal components, a mechanism is required to lock the oscillations in phase with the forcing for long time intervals ($10^{3}-10^{7}$ years) in order to allow the oscillation amplitude to grow. We propose that the locking mechanism is an autoresonance produced by the non-linear dependence of the oscillation frequency on its amplitude. We suggest that the angular momentum loss rate is remarkably reduced in hosts entering autoresonance that contributes to maintain those systems in that regime for a long time. We apply our model to a sample of ten systems showing spin-orbit commensurability and estimate the maximum drifts of the relevant tidal potential frequencies that allow them to enter the autoresonant regime. Such drifts are compared with the expected drifts owing to the tidal evolution of the planetary orbits and the stellar angular momentum loss in the magnetized winds finding that autoresonance is a viable mechanism in eight systems, at least in our idealized model. The duration of the autoresonant regime and the associated spin-orbit commensurability may be comparable with the main-sequence lifetimes of the host stars, indicating that gyrochronology may not be applicable to those hosts.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables, 2 appendixes; accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics
White Dwarfs with Infrared Excess from LAMOST Data Release 5
Creators: name: Wang, Lin
name: Zhang, Xiaoxia
name: Wang, Junfeng
name: Zhang, Zhi-Xiang
name: Fang, Taotao
name: Gu, Wei-Min
name: Guo, Jincheng
name: Jiang, Xiaochuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Infrared excess is an important probe of sub-stellar companions and/or debris disks around white dwarfs (WDs). Such systems are still rare for in-depth understanding of their formation and long-term evolution. One of the largest spectroscopic surveys carried out by the Large sky Area Multi-Object fiber Spectroscopic Telescope (LAMOST) recently released more than $3000$ WDs, a significant fraction of which have not undergone excess search. Here we present cross-correlation of LAMOST DR5 WD catalog with the Pan-STARRS, SDSS, UKIDSS, 2MASS, and {\it WISE}. By performing SED (spectral energy distribution) fitting for 846 WDs with $WISE$ detections, we identify 50 candidates with infrared excess, including 7 candidate WD+M dwarf binaries, 31 candidate WD+brown dwarf (BD) binaries and 12 candidate WD+dust disk systems. 8 of the dust disk systems are our new identifications. Utilizing a systematic survey with accurate stellar parameters derived from spectral fitting, our work is an important addition to previous searches for infrared excess from SDSS and {\it Gaia} WDs, and provides a significant ($\gtrsim8\%$) complement to current database of WDs with candidate BD companions and dust disks. The frequencies of WD+BD binaries and WD+dust disk systems are constrained to be $\lesssim3.7\%$ and $\sim1.4\%$, respectively. The properties of candidate dust disk systems are discussed. All of our candidates require follow-up observations for confirmation owing to limited spatial resolution of {\it WISE}.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables; accepted for publication in ApJ
Experimental study of Ar 38 +α reaction cross sections relevant to the Ca 41 abundance in the solar system
Creators: name: Meyer, B.S.
name: Bojazi, M.J.
name: Sethi, J.
name: Kuvin, S.A.
name: Jiang, C.L.
name: Avila, M.L.
name: Ayangeakaa, A.D.
name: Santiago-Gonzalez, D.
name: Rehm, K.E.
name: Talwar, R.
name: Hoffman, C.R.
name: Auranen, K.
name: Winkelbauer, J.R.
name: Harker, J.
name: Mohr, P.
name: Ugalde, C.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2018

description: In massive stars, the Ca41(n,α)Ar38 and K41(p,α)Ar38 reactions have been identified as the key reactions governing the abundance of Ca41, which is considered as a potential chronometer for solar system formation. So far, due to experimental limitations, the Ca41(n,α)Ar38 reaction rate is solely based on statistical model calculations. In the present study, we have measured the time-inverse Ar38(α,n)Ca41 and Ar38(α,p)K41 reactions using an active target detector. The reactions were studied in inverse kinematics using a 133-MeV Ar38 beam and He4 as the active-gas target. Both excitation functions were measured simultaneously in the energy range of 6.8≤Ec.m.≤9.3 MeV. Using detailed balance the Ca41(n,α)Ar38 and K41(p,α)Ar38 reaction rates were determined, which suggested a 20% increase in the Ca41 yield from massive stars.
Does the Fe L-shell blend bias abundance measurements in intermediate-temperature clusters?
Creators: name: Riva, G.
name: Ghizzardi, S.
name: Molendi, S.
name: Bartalucci, I.
name: De Grandi, S.
name: Gastaldello, F.
name: Grillo, C.
name: Rossetti, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In intermediate-temperature (T = 2.5 - 4.5 keV) galaxy clusters, abundance measurements are almost-equally driven by Fe K and L transitions, at $\sim$ 6.7 keV and 0.9 - 1.3 keV, respectively. While K-shell-derived measurements are considered reliable, the resolution of the currently available instrumentation, as well as our current knowledge of the atomic processes, makes the modelling of the L-line complex challenging, resulting in potential biases for abundance measurements. In this work, we study systematics related to the modelling of the Fe L-line complex that may influence iron-abundance measurements in the intermediate-temperature range. To this aim, we select a sample of three bright galaxy clusters, with long XMM-Newton observations available and temperature in the 2.5 - 4.5 keV range. We fit spectra extracted from concentric rings with APEC and APEC+APEC models, by alternatively excluding the L and K bands, and derive the fractional difference of the metal abundances, $ΔZ/Z$, as indication of the consistency between K- and L-shell-derived measurements. The $ΔZ/Z$ distribution is then studied as a function of the cluster radius, ring temperature and X-ray flux. The L-induced systematics, measured through an individual fit of each MOS and pn spectrum, remain constant at a 5 - 6% value in the whole 2.5 - 4.5 keV temperature range. Conversely, a joint fit of MOS and pn spectra leads to a slight excess of 1 - 2% in the above estimate. No significant dependence on the ring X-ray flux is highlighted. The measured 5 - 8% value indicates a modest contribution of the systematics to the derived iron abundances, giving confidence for future measurements. To date, these findings represent the best-achievable estimate of the systematics in analysis, while future microcalorimeters will significantly improve our understanding of the atomic processes underlying the Fe L emissions.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A
Finite-temperature effects in dynamical-spacetime binary neutron star merger simulations: Validation of the parametric approach
Creators: name: Raithel, Carolyn A.
name: Espino, Pedro
name: Paschalidis, Vasileios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parametric equations of state (EoSs) provide an important tool for systematically studying EoS effects in neutron star merger simulations. In this work, we perform a numerical validation of the M*-framework for parametrically calculating finite-temperature EoS tables. The framework, introduced in Raithel et al. (2019), provides a model for generically extending any cold, beta-equilibrium EoS to finite-temperatures and arbitrary electron fractions. In this work, we perform numerical evolutions of a binary neutron star merger with the SFHo finite-temperature EoS, as well as with the M*-approximation of this same EoS, where the approximation uses the zero-temperature, beta-equilibrium slice of SFHo and replaces the finite-temperature and composition-dependent parts with the M*-model. We find that the approximate version of the EoS is able to accurately recreate the temperature and thermal pressure profiles of the binary neutron star remnant, when compared to the results found using the full version of SFHo. We additionally find that the merger dynamics and gravitational wave signals agree well between both cases, with differences of ~1-2% introduced into the post-merger gravitational wave peak frequencies by the approximations of the EoS. We conclude the M*-framework can be reliably used to probe neutron star merger properties in numerical simulations.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
Examination of the low-energy enhancement of the γ -ray strength function of Fe 56
Creators: name: Görgen, A.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Kinnison, J.E.
name: Larsen, A.C.
name: Fallon, P.
name: Guttormsen, M.
name: Sarantites, D.G.
name: Bleuel, D.L.
name: Wiedeking, M.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Kirsch, L.
name: Cromaz, M.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Wiens, A.
name: Voinov, A.V.
name: MacChiavelli, A.O.
name: Jones, M.D.
name: Siem, S.
name: Crawford, H.L.
name: Clark, R.M.
name: Lee, I.Y.
name: Salathe, M.
name: Reviol, W.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Bottoni, S.
name: Bernstein, L.A.
name: Davids, H.M.
name: Campbell, C.M.
name: Ayangeakaa, A.D.
name: Elson, J.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2018

description: A model-independent technique was used to determine the γ-ray strength function (γSF) of Fe56 down to γ-ray energies less than 1 MeV for the first time with GRETINA using the (p,p′) reaction at 16 MeV. No difference was observed in the energy dependence of the γSF built on 2+ and 4+ final states, supporting the Brink hypothesis. In addition, angular distribution and polarization measurements were performed. The angular distributions are consistent with dipole radiation. The polarization results show a small bias towards magnetic character in the region of the enhancement.
Universality of weakly bound dimers and Efimov trimers close to Li-Cs Feshbach resonances
Creators: name: Ulmanis, J.
name: Häfner, S.
name: Pires, R.
name: Kuhnle, E. D.
name: Weidemüller, M.
name: Tiemann, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interspecies scattering properties of ultracold Li-Cs mixtures in their two energetically lowest spin channels in the magnetic field range between 800 G and 1000 G. Close to two broad Feshbach resonances we create weakly bound LiCs dimers by radio-frequency association and measure the dependence of the binding energy on the external magnetic field strength. Based on the binding energies and complementary atom loss spectroscopy of three other Li-Cs s-wave Feshbach resonances we construct precise molecular singlet and triplet electronic ground state potentials using a coupled-channels calculation. We extract the Li-Cs interspecies scattering length as a function of the external field and obtain almost a ten-fold improvement in the precision of the values for the pole positions and widths of the s-wave Li-Cs Feshbach resonances as compared to our previous work [Pires \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{112}, 250404 (2014)]. We discuss implications on the Efimov scenario and the universal geometric scaling for LiCsCs trimers.
Reaction rate for carbon burning in massive stars
Creators: name: Morris, L.
name: Back, B.B.
name: Ayangeakaa, A.D.
name: Tang, X.D.
name: Bucher, B.
name: Courtin, S.
name: Bourgin, D.
name: Auranen, K.
name: Bottoni, S.
name: Rehm, K.E.
name: DiGiovine, B.
name: Fang, X.
name: Jiang, C.L.
name: Kay, B.P.
name: Ugalde, C.
name: Sethi, J.
name: Talwar, R.
name: Fruet, G.
name: Heine, M.
name: Greene, J.P.
name: Haas, F.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Santiago-Gonzalez, D.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Alcorta, M.
name: Lefebvre-Schuhl, A.
name: Deibel, C.M.
name: Marley, S.T.
name: Avila, M.L.
name: Almaraz-Calderon, S.
name: Dickerson, C.
name: Hoffman, C.R.
name: Jenkins, D.G.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Montanari, D.
name: Kuvin, S.A.
name: Pardo, R.C.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Seweryniak, D.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2018

description: Carbon burning is a critical phase for nucleosynthesis in massive stars. The conditions for igniting this burning stage, and the subsequent isotope composition of the resulting ashes, depend strongly on the reaction rate for C12+C12 fusion at very low energies. Results for the cross sections for this reaction are influenced by various backgrounds encountered in measurements at such energies. In this paper, we report on a new measurement of C12+C12 fusion cross sections where these backgrounds have been minimized. It is found that the astrophysical S factor exhibits a maximum around Ecm=3.5-4.0 MeV, which leads to a reduction of the previously predicted astrophysical reaction rate.
Feynman Diagrams for Stochastic Inflation and Quantum Field Theory in de Sitter Space
Creators: name: Garbrecht, Bjorn
name: Gautier, Florian
name: Rigopoulos, Gerasimos
name: Zhu, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a massive scalar field with quartic self-interaction $λ/4!\,ϕ^4$ in de~Sitter spacetime and present a diagrammatic expansion that describes the field as driven by stochastic noise. This is compared with the Feynman diagrams in the Keldysh basis of the Amphichronous (Closed-Time-Path) Field Theoretical formalism. For all orders in the expansion, we find that the diagrams agree when evaluated in the leading infrared approximation, i.e. to leading order in $m^2/H^2$, where $m$ is the mass of the scalar field and $H$ is the Hubble rate. As a consequence, the correlation functions computed in both approaches also agree to leading infrared order. This perturbative correspondence shows that the stochastic Theory is exactly equivalent to the Field Theory in the infrared. The former can then offer a non-perturbative resummation of the Field Theoretical Feynman diagram expansion, including fields with $0\leq m^2\ll\sqrt λH^2$ for which the perturbation expansion fails at late times.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures
Infrared view of the multiphase ISM in NGC 253 I. Observations and fundamental parameters of the ionised gas
Creators: name: Beck, André
name: Lebouteiller, Vianney
name: Madden, Suzanne
name: Iserlohe, Christof
name: Krabbe, Alfred
name: Ramambason, Lise
name: Fischer, Christian
name: Kaźmierczak-Barthel, Maja
name: Latzko, Serina
name: Pérez-Beaupuits, Juan-Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Massive star-formation leads to enrichment with heavy elements of the interstellar medium. On the other hand, the abundance of heavy elements is a key parameter to study the star-formation history of galaxies. Furthermore, the total molecular hydrogen mass, usually determined by converting CO or [C ii] 158 $μ$m luminosities, depends on the metallicity as well. The excitation of metallicity-sensitive emission lines, however, depends on the gas density of H ii regions, where they arise. Aims. We used spectroscopic observations from SOFIA, Herschel, and Spitzer of the nuclear region of the starburst galaxy NGC 253, as well as photometric observations from GALEX, 2MASS, Spitzer, and Herschel in order to derive physical properties such as the optical depth to correct for extinction, as well as the gas density and metallicity of the central region. Methods. Ratios of the integrated line fluxes of several species were utilised to derive the gas density and metallicity. The [O iii] along with the [S iii] and [N ii] line flux ratios for example, are sensitive to the gas density but nearly independent of the local temperature. As these line ratios trace different gas densities and ionisation states, we examined if these lines may originate from different regions within the observing beam. The ([Ne ii] 13 $μ$m + [Ne iii] 16 $μ$m)/Hu $α$ line flux ratio on the other hand, is independent of the depletion onto dust grains but sensitive to the Ne/H abundance ratio and will be used as a tracer for metallicity of the gas. Results. We derived values for gas phase abundances of the most important species, as well as estimates for the optical depth and the gas density of the ionised gas in the nuclear region of NGC 253. We obtained densities of at least two different ionised components $(< 84$ cm$^{-3}$ and $\sim 170 - 212$ cm$^{-3})$ and a metallicity of solar value.
description: 12 pages, 10 Figures, 6 Tables. Accepted for publication in A&A
Learning Invariance from Generated Variance for Unsupervised Person Re-identification
Creators: name: Chen, Hao
name: Wang, Yaohui
name: Lagadec, Benoit
name: Dantcheva, Antitza
name: Bremond, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work focuses on unsupervised representation learning in person re-identification (ReID). Recent self-supervised contrastive learning methods learn invariance by maximizing the representation similarity between two augmented views of a same image. However, traditional data augmentation may bring to the fore undesirable distortions on identity features, which is not always favorable in id-sensitive ReID tasks. In this paper, we propose to replace traditional data augmentation with a generative adversarial network (GAN) that is targeted to generate augmented views for contrastive learning. A 3D mesh guided person image generator is proposed to disentangle a person image into id-related and id-unrelated features. Deviating from previous GAN-based ReID methods that only work in id-unrelated space (pose and camera style), we conduct GAN-based augmentation on both id-unrelated and id-related features. We further propose specific contrastive losses to help our network learn invariance from id-unrelated and id-related augmentations. By jointly training the generative and the contrastive modules, our method achieves new state-of-the-art unsupervised person ReID performance on mainstream large-scale benchmarks.
description: Extension of conference paper arXiv:2012.09071. Accepted to TPAMI. Project page: https://github.com/chenhao2345/GCL-extended
Effect of anisotropy on the formation of active particle films
Creators: name: Rebocho, T. C.
name: Tasinkevych, M.
name: Dias, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active colloids belong to a class of non-equilibrium systems where energy uptake, conversion and dissipation occurs at the level of individual colloidal particles, which can lead to particles self-propelled motion and surprising collective behavior. Examples include coexistence of vapor and liquid-like steady states for active particles with repulsive interactions only, phenomena known as motility induced phase transition. Similarly to motile unicellular organisms, active colloids tend to accumulate at confining surfaces forming dense adsorbed films. In this work, we study the structure and dynamics of aggregates of self-propelled particle near confining solid surfaces, focusing on the effects of the particle anisotropic interactions. We performed Langevin dynamics simulations of two complementary models for active particles: ellipsoidal particles interacting through Gay-Berne potential, and rod-like particles composed of several repulsive Lennard-Jones beads. We observe a non-monotonic behavior of the structure of clusters formed along the confining surface as a function of the particle aspect ratio, with a film spreading when particles are near spherical, compact clusters with hedgehog-like particle orientation for more elongated active particles, and a complex dynamical behavior for intermediate aspect ratio. The stabilization time of cluster formation along the confining surface also displays a non-monotonic dependence on the aspect ratio, with a local minimum at intermediate values. Additionally, we demonstrate that the hedgehog-like aggregates formed by Gay-Berne ellipsoids exhibit higher structural stability as compared to the ones formed by purely repulsive active rods, which are stable due to the particle activity only.
3-D Markerless Tracking of Human Gait by Geometric Trilateration of Multiple Kinects
Creators: name: Yang, Lin
name: Yang, Bowen
name: Dong, Haiwei
name: Saddik, Abdulmotaleb El
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we develop an integrated markerless gait tracking system with three Kinect v2 sensors. A geometric principle-based trilateration method is proposed for optimizing the accuracy of the measured gait data. To tackle the data synchronization problem among the Kinect clients and the server, a synchronization mechanism based on NTP (Network Time Protocol) is designed for synchronizing the server and Kinect clients' clocks. Furthermore, a time schedule is designed for timing each Kinect client's data transmission. In the experiment, participants are asked to perform a 60 s walk while the proposed tracking system obtains the participant's gait data. Six joints (including left hip, right hip, left knee, right knee, left ankle and right ankle) of the participants are tracked where the obtained gait data are described as 6000 {movements} of joint positions (1000 {movements} for each joint). The results show that the trilateration tracking result by the three Kinect sensors has a much higher accuracy compared with the accuracy measured by a single Kinect sensor. Within a randomly sampled time period (67.726 s in the experiment), 98.37% of the frames generated by the gait tracking system have timing errors less than 1 ms, which is much better than the default NTP service embedded in the Windows 8.1 operating system. The accuracy of the proposed system is quantitatively evaluated and verified by a comparison with a commercial medical system (Delsys Trigno Smart Sensor System).
Fast-Timing measurements in 100zr using labr3(ce) detectors coupled with gammasphere
Creators: name: Rohrer, J.
name: Simpson, J.
name: Sethi, J.
name: Gurgi, L.A.
name: Ilieva, R.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Stefanova, E.A.
name: Kondev, F.G.
name: Kröll, T.
name: Podolyák, Z.
name: Lane, G.J.
name: Hartley, D.J.
name: Ilieva, S.
name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Ayangeakaa, A.D.
name: Yordanov, O.
name: Gamba, E.R.
name: Gallardo, M.C.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Daniel, T.
name: Rudigier, M.
name: Lotay, G.
name: Berry, T.A.
name: Reed, M.
name: Carrol, R.J.
name: Lazarus, I.
name: Anderson, J.T.
name: Burrows, I.
name: Bruce, A.M.
name: Copp, P.
name: Greene, J.P.
name: Bottoni, S.
name: Smolen, M.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Vedia, V.
name: Lalkovski, S.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Nia, C.R.
name: Cullen, D.M.
name: Pucknell, V.
name: Regan, P.H.
name: Martínez, G.F.
name: Shand, C.M.
Publisher: name: Jagellonian University
Year: 2018

description: In order to investigate the evolution of nuclear deformation in the region of the chart of nuclides around mass numbers A ' 110 and A ' 150, an experiment was performed at the Argonne National Laboratory where the gamma-decay radiation emitted from the fission fragments of 252Cf was measured using 51 Gammasphere detectors coupled with 25 LaBr3(Ce) detectors. In this work, a short description of the experimental setup is presented together with some preliminary results from the fast-Timing analysis of the 4+ state of the nucleus 100Zr. A lifetime value of τ = 50(28) ps was obtained using the Generalized Centroid Shift Method. This result agrees with the literature value of τ = 53(4) ps within one standard deviation.
Additional file 4 of Acute kidney injury in neurocritical care
Creators: name: Husain-Syed, Faeq
name: Takeuchi, Tomonori
name: Neyra, Javier A.
name: Ramírez-Guerrero, Gonzalo
name: Rosner, Mitchell H.
name: Ronco, Claudio
name: Tolwani, Ashita J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Cell Biology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Marine Biology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: Appendix Table 3. Current and proposed definition and staging of AKI.
Benefits of Bounded Diversity: Organizational Learning and Knowledge Transfer in a Multi-Product Manufacturing Environment
Creators: name: Denomme, Carolyn Riley
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Organizational learning and knowledge transfer are key elements within any firm when considering the firm’s competitive advantage and long-term goals. Yet, the roles of learning and knowledge transfer in a multi-product production setting are not well understood. Production and operations management literature suggests production of a variety of products is largely harmful, yet the organizational learning literature suggests there may be benefits to heterogeneity.
This work explores the significance of a multi-product environment on organizational learning and knowledge transfer by studying a US-owned overseas manufacturing facility that is a leading producer of high technology hardware components. The firm produces 5 generations of high-volume focus products as well as a collection of non-focus products [an assortment of small volume products related to the focus products].
We draw on 10 years of firm archival data and qualitative data collected to shed insights into how different levels of product mix (5 generations of a focus product, thousands of minor variations on products to meet customer specifications, and an assortment of small volume products related to the focus product) impact organizational learning differently and why knowledge transfers across some products and not others by examining the role that processes play in these product transitions.
Our results reconcile differences between the organizational learning and production and operations management literatures by finding support for both advantages and disadvantages to product mix on the production line depending on the extent of product differences. We find that short-term productivity improves with bounded diversity – specifically, when multiple generations of the same product are produced in the same facility. This positive impact on productivity of having multiple generations of the same product on the line may in part be explained by the firm’s ability to successfully transfer knowledge from older to newer generations of the product, improving long-term productivity, though we find benefits for focus product heterogeneity over and above the benefits from knowledge transfer. In contrast, we find short-term productivity is decreased when the production line is faced with variety across products that are too different from each other (e.g. different form factors) and across minor product variations (i.e. customer-specific product variations).
Study of the $K_SK_L\toπ\ellν3 π^0$ process for time reversal symmetry test at KLOE-2
Creators: name: Gajos, Aleksander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents prospects for conducting a novel direct test of time-reversal symmetry at the KLOE-2 experiment. Quantum entanglement of neutral K meson pairs uniquely available at KLOE-2 allows to probe directly the time-reversal symmetry (T) independently of CP violation. This is achieved by a comparison of probabilities for a transition between flavour and CP-definite states and its inverse obtained through exchange of initial and final states. As such a test requires the reconstruction of the $K_L\to 3π^0$ decay accompanied by $K_S\toπ^{\pm}\ell^{\mp}ν$ with good timing information, a new reconstruction method for this process is also presented which is capable of reconstructing the $K_L\to 3π^0$ decay with decay time resolution of O(1$τ_S$).
description: Submitted to Acta Physica Polonica B (5 pages, 3 figures)
Constraints on the Spindown of Fully-Convective M Dwarfs Using Wide Field Binaries
Creators: name: Pass, Emily K.
name: Charbonneau, David
name: Irwin, Jonathan M.
name: Winters, Jennifer G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: M dwarfs remain active over longer timescales than their Sunlike counterparts, with potentially devastating implications for the atmospheres of their planets. However, the age at which fully-convective M dwarfs transition from active and rapidly rotating to quiescent and slowly rotating is poorly understood, as these stars remain rapidly rotating in the oldest clusters that are near enough for a large sample of low-mass M dwarfs to be studied. To constrain the spindown of these low-mass stars, we measure photometric rotation periods for field M dwarfs in wide binary systems, primarily using TESS and MEarth. Our analysis includes M-M pairs, which are coeval but of unknown age, as well as M dwarfs with white dwarf or Sunlike primaries, for which we can estimate ages using techniques like white dwarf cooling curves, gyrochronology, and lithium abundance. We find that the epoch of spindown is strongly dependent on mass. Fully-convective M dwarfs initially spin down slowly, with the population of 0.2--0.3M$_\odot$ rapid rotators evolving from $P_{\rm rot} < 2$ days at 600 Myr to $2 < P_{\rm rot} < 10$ days at 1--3 Gyr before rapidly spinning down to long rotation periods at older ages. However, we also identify some variability in the spindown of fully-convective M dwarfs, with a small number of stars having substantially spun down by 600 Myr. These observations are consistent with models of magnetic morphology-driven spindown, where angular momentum loss is initially inefficient until changes in the magnetic field allow spindown to progress rapidly.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ; 26 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables