cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Not so Classical Mechanics - Unexpected Symmetries of Classical Motion
Creators: name: Wheeler, James T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A survey of topics of recent interest in Hamiltonian and Lagrangian dynamical systems, including accessible discussions of regularization of the central force problem; inequivalent Lagrangians and Hamiltonians; constants of central force motion; a general discussion of higher-order Lagrangians and Hamiltonians with examples from Bohmian quantum mechanics, the Korteweg-de Vries equation and the logistic equation; gauge theories of Newtonian mechanics; classical spin, Grassmann numbers, and pseudomechanics.
description: Einstein Centennial Review Article, 48 pages
Radiation asymmetry and MHD destabilization during the thermal quench after impurity Shattered Pellet Injection
Creators: name: Hu, D.
name: Nardon, E.
name: Hoelzl, M.
name: Wieschollek, F.
name: Lehnen, M.
name: Huijsmans, G. T. A.
name: van Vugt, D. C.
name: Kim, S. -H.
name: contributors, JET
name: Team, JOREK
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radiation response and the MHD destabilization during the thermal quench after a mixed species Shattered Pellet Injection (SPI) with impurity species neon and argon are investigated via 3D non-linear MHD simulation using the JOREK code. Both the $n=0$ global current profile contraction and the local helical cooling at each rational surface caused by the pellet fragments are found to be responsible for MHD destabilization after the injection. Significant current driven mode growth is observed as the fragments cross low order rational surfaces, resulting in rapidly inward propagating stochastic magnetic field, ultimately causing the core temperature collapse. The Thermal Quench (TQ) is triggered as the fragments arrive on the $q=1$ or $q=2$ surface depending on the exact $q$ profile and thus mode structure. When injecting from a single toroidal location, strong radiation asymmetry is found before and during the TQ as a result of the unrelaxed impurity density profile along the field line and asymmetric outward heat flux. Such asymmetry gradually relaxes over the course of the TQ, and is entirely eliminated by the end of it. Simulation results indicate that the aforementioned asymmetric radiation behavior could be significantly mitigated by injection from toroidally opposite locations, provided that the time delay between the two injectors is shorter than $1ms$. It is also found that the MHD response are sensitive to the relative timing and injection configuration in these multiple injection cases.
description: 35 pages, 21 figures
Modeling advanced strippers for CO₂ capture from gas-fired power plants using aqueous piperazine
Creators: name: Suresh Babu, Athreya
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Carbon capture
Piperazine
Stripper
Heat duty
Pilot plant
Amine scrubbing

description: Energy performance of 5 m piperazine was evaluated with an advanced stripper at the pilot scale, accounting for heat loss. Modeling studies indicated that heat loss at locations other than the heat source impacted the heat duty. For strippers with excess packing, the column was the most important source of heat loss, and values as low as 0.03 GJ/hr can cause pinch and reabsorption of CO₂. Solvents like 5 m PZ are more affected by heat loss in the column due to a top-side temperature pinch at high lean loading. Heat loss impacts NGCC CO₂ capture more than coal-based CO₂ capture. Surface temperature measurements pilot plants showed that heat loss was 50-75% controlled by natural convection. Measured heat loss was correlated with steam flowrate and wind speed and ranged from 8126 to 219668 Btu/hr, representing 35% of the measured heat rate on average. Net heat duty linearly varied with CO₂ removal at low lean loading and was similar for coal and NGCC conditions at fixed removal. At 90% removal, net heat duty was about 2.5 GJ/t with 4 and 12% CO₂ in the flue gas. At NGCC conditions, strippers with finite packing can benefit from a flashing feed to the top of the column by using a hot bypass. A flashing feed was linked to a reduction in irreversibility of the stripper from temperature driving forces. It also reduces heat duty by up to 6% at fixed packing height and reduces packing requirement for a fixed steam heater size compared to a warm bypass. Lean loading and lean solvent rate were effective handles to maximize profitability of a fixed stripper design at low gas price. High ambient temperature operation can benefit from low pressure stripping to about 0.18 lean loading at 150 ℃ to maintain the cyclic capacity at reduced rich loading. At low gas price, the capture plant was able to maximize profitability even with a high heat duty of 2.7-3.1 GJ/t at a lean loading of 0.2-0.22 mol/mol. Heat recovery by partial water vapor condensation in a gas-liquid exchanger can be replaced by a direct contact condenser (DCC). The DCC improved gas cooling and reduced heat duty compared to the CO₂ exchanger at 0.2 lean loading. The DCC when used with a 150 ℃/5.5 bar stripper can reduce the cost of capture compared to the base case by $3- 4/tonne at 15 ft of packing (optimum) but increases cost of capture by $6/tonne with a 120 ℃/2 bar stripper and 10 ft of packing (optimum). The DCC can work effectively with a solvent with a high heat of absorption and thermal stability.
Renormalization of gauge fields using Hopf algebras
Creators: name: van Suijlekom, Walter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the Hopf algebraic structure of Feynman graphs for non-abelian gauge theories, and prove compatibility of the so-called Slavnov-Taylor identities with the coproduct. When these identities are taken into account, the coproduct closes on the Green's functions, which thus generate a Hopf subalgebra.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure; uses feynmp. To appear in "Recent Developments in Quantum Field Theory". Eds. B. Fauser, J. Tolksdorf and E. Zeidler. Birkhauser Verlag, Basel 2008
Optimization of asymmetric bioreduction conditions of 1-indanone by Leuconostoc mesenteroides N6 using a face-centered design-based multi-objective optimization model
Creators: name: Alamoudi, Mohammed
name: Özdemir, Akın
name: Dertli, Enes
name: Bolubaid, Mohammed
name: Alidrisi, Hassan M.
name: Taylan, Osman
name: Yılmaz, Mustafa Tahsin
name: Şahin, Engin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: There has been an increasing interest in biocatalysts over the past few decades in order to obtain high efficiency, high yield, and environmentally benign procedures aiming at the manufacture of pharmacologically relevant chemicals. Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), a microbial group, can be employed as biocatalysts while performing asymmetric reduction of prochiral ketones. In this study, Leuconostoc mesenteroides N6 was used for the asymmetric bioreduction 1-indanone. And then, a novel and innovative face-centered design-based multi-objective optimization model was used to optimize experimental conditions. Also, the experimental design factors were defined as agitation speed, incubation period, pH, and temperature for optimization to acquire the maximum enantiomeric excess (ee) and conversion rate (cr) values. When using the face-centered design-based multi-objective optimization model, the optimum culture conditions corresponded to 96.34 and 99.42%, ee and cr responses, respectively, were pH = 5.87, incubation temperature = 35 °C, incubation period = 50.88 h, and agitation speed = 152.60 rpm. Notably, the validation experiment under the optimum model conditions confirmed the model results. This study demonstrated the importance of the optimization and the efficiency of the face-centered design-based multi-objective model.
Swarming bottom feeders: Flocking at solid-liquid interfaces
Creators: name: Sarkar, Niladri
name: Basu, Abhik
name: Toner, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the hydrodynamic theory of coherent collective motion ("flocking") at a solid-liquid interface, and many of its predictions for experiment. We find that such systems are stable, and have long-range orientational order, over a wide range of parameters. When stable, these systems exhibit "giant number fluctuations", which grow as the 3/4th power of the mean number. Stable systems also exhibit anomalous rapid diffusion of tagged particles suspended in the passive fluid along any directions in a plane parallel to the solid-liquid interface, whereas the diffusivity along the direction perpendicular to the plane is not anomalous. In the remaining parameter space, the system becomes unstable.
description: 6 pages, 2 figs
A critical process variable-regulated, parameter-balancing auxostat, performed using disposed COVID-19 personal protective equipment-based substrate mixture, yields sustained and improved endoglucanase titers
Creators: name: Ramamoorthy, Navnit Kumar
name: Pallam, Revanth Babu
name: Chandrabose, Kabilan Subash
name: Sahadevan, Renganathan
name: Vemuri, Venkateswara Sarma
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Fifty percent of the overall operational expenses of biorefineries are incurred during enzymatic-saccharification processes. Cellulases have a global-market value of $1621 USD. Dearth of conventional lignocelluloses have led to the exploration of their waste stream-based, unconventional sources. Native fungus-employing cellulase-production batches fail to yield sustained enzyme titers. It could be attributed to variations in the enzyme-production broth’s quasi-dilatant behavior, its fluid and flow properties; heat and oxygen transfer regimes; kinetics of fungal growth; and nutrient utilization. The current investigation presents one of the first-time usages of a substrate mixture, majorly comprising disposed COVID-19 personal protective-equipment (PPE). To devise a sustainable and scalable cellulase-production process, various variable-regulated, continuous-culture auxostats were performed. The glucose concentration-maintaining auxostat recorded consistent endoglucanase titers throughout its feeding-cum-harvest cycles; furthermore, it enhanced oxygen transfer, heat transfer co-efficient, and mass transfer co-efficient by 91.5, 36, and 77%, respectively. Substrate-characterization revealed that an unintended, autoclave-based organsolv pretreatment caused unanticipated increases in endoglucanase titers. The cumulative lab-scale cellulase-production cost was found to be $16.3. The proposed approach is economical, and it offers a pollution-free waste management process, thereby generating carbon credits.
Level Density and Radiative Strength Functions in Light Nuclei: 60Co as an Example of the Method for Determination and their Reliability Verification
Creators: name: Sukhovoj, A. M.
name: Khitrov, V. A.
name: Khang, Pham Dinh
name: Tan, Vuong Huu
name: Hai, Nguyen Xuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Up to now, level density for some nuclei (close to construction materials of nuclear reactors with respect to their mass) was determined only from the evaporation nucleon spectra. All its energy dependences obtained are smooth enough functions and are usually reproduced in the frameworks of generalized model of the superfluid nucleus with the use of the phase transition energy of infinite and homogeneous macrosystem. The same data obtained from 59Co(n,2gamma) reaction demonstrate the presence of two clearly expressed step-like structures. This fact corresponds to the analogous data for other nuclei studied in the same way. Level density and radiative strength functions derived from two-step cascade intensities provide more precise reproduction of the total gamma-spectrum than conventional nuclear models.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Leveraging Regular Fundus Images for Training UWF Fundus Diagnosis Models via Adversarial Learning and Pseudo-Labeling
Creators: name: Ju, Lie
name: Wang, Xin
name: Zhao, Xin
name: Bonnington, Paul
name: Drummond, Tom
name: Ge, Zongyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, ultra-widefield (UWF) 200\degree~fundus imaging by Optos cameras has gradually been introduced because of its broader insights for detecting more information on the fundus than regular 30 degree - 60 degree fundus cameras. Compared with UWF fundus images, regular fundus images contain a large amount of high-quality and well-annotated data. Due to the domain gap, models trained by regular fundus images to recognize UWF fundus images perform poorly. Hence, given that annotating medical data is labor intensive and time consuming, in this paper, we explore how to leverage regular fundus images to improve the limited UWF fundus data and annotations for more efficient training. We propose the use of a modified cycle generative adversarial network (CycleGAN) model to bridge the gap between regular and UWF fundus and generate additional UWF fundus images for training. A consistency regularization term is proposed in the loss of the GAN to improve and regulate the quality of the generated data. Our method does not require that images from the two domains be paired or even that the semantic labels be the same, which provides great convenience for data collection. Furthermore, we show that our method is robust to noise and errors introduced by the generated unlabeled data with the pseudo-labeling technique. We evaluated the effectiveness of our methods on several common fundus diseases and tasks, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) classification, lesion detection and tessellated fundus segmentation. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method simultaneously achieves superior generalizability of the learned representations and performance improvements in multiple tasks.
In situ recovery of taxadiene using solid adsorption in cultivations with Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Creators: name: Galindo-Rodriguez, Giuseppe R.
name: Santoyo-Garcia, Jorge H.
name: Rios-Solis, Leonardo
name: Dimartino, Simone
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: In this study, an engineered strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was used to produce taxadiene, a precursor in the biosynthetic pathway of the anticancer drug paclitaxel. Taxadiene was recovered in situ with the polymeric adsorbent Diaion © HP-20. Here we tested two bioreactor configurations and adsorbent concentrations to maximize the production and recovery of taxadiene. An external recovery configuration (ERC) was performed with the integration of an expanded bed adsorption column, whereas the internal recovery configuration (IRC) consisted in dispersed beads inside the bioreactor vessel. Taxadiene titers recovered in IRC were higher to ERC by 3.4 and 3.5 fold by using 3% and 12% (w/v) adsorbent concentration respectively. On the other hand, cell growth kinetics were faster in ERC which represents an advantage in productivity (mg of taxadiene/L*h). High resin bead concentration (12% w/v) improved the partition of taxadiene onto the beads up to 98%. This result represents an advantage over previous studies using a 3% resin concentration where the partition of taxadiene on the beads was around 50%. This work highlights the potential of in situ product recovery to improve product partition, reduce processing steps and promote cell growth. Nevertheless, a careful design of bioreactor configuration and process conditions is critical.
The first Swift X-ray Flash: The faint afterglow of XRF 050215B
Creators: name: Levan, A. J.
name: Osborne, J. P.
name: Tanvir, N. R.
name: Page, K. L.
name: Rol, E.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Goad, M. R.
name: O'Brien, P. T.
name: Priddey, R. S.
name: Bersier, D.
name: Burrows, D. N.
name: Chapman, R.
name: Fruchter, A. S.
name: Giommi, P.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Hughes, M. A.
name: Pak, S.
name: Simpson, C.
name: Tagliaferri, G.
name: Vardoulaki, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of XRF 050215B and its afterglow. The burst was detected by the Swift BAT during the check-out phase and observations with the X-ray telescope began approximately 30 minutes after the burst. These observations found a faint, slowly fading X-ray afterglow near the centre of the error box as reported by the BAT. Infrared data, obtained at UKIRT after 10 hours also revealed a very faint K-band afterglow. The afterglow appear unusual since it is very faint, especially in the infrared with K>20 only 9 hours post burst. The X-ray and infrared lightcurves exhibit a slow, monotonic decay with alpha=0.8 and no evidence for steepening associated with the jet break to 10 days post burst. We discuss possible explanations for the faintness and slow decay in the context of present models for the production of X-ray Flashes.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Non-Bloch band theory and bulk-edge correspondence in non-Hermitian systems
Creators: name: Yokomizo, Kazuki
name: Murakami, Shuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we review our non-Bloch band theory in one-dimensional non-Hermitian tight-binding systems. In our theory, it is shown that in non-Hermitian systems, the Brillouin zone is determined so as to reproduce continuum energy bands in a large open chain. By using simple models, we explain the concept of the non-Bloch band theory and the method to calculate the Brillouin zone. In particular, for the non-Hermitian Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model, the bulk-edge correspondence can be established between the topological invariant defined from our theory and existence of the topological edge states.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Casimir torque
Creators: name: Torres-Guzmán, José C.
name: Mochán, W. Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a formalism for the calculation of the flow of angular momentum carried by the fluctuating electromagnetic field within a cavity bounded by two flat anisotropic materials. By generalizing a procedure employed recently for the calculation of the Casimir force between arbitrary materials, we obtain an expression for the torque between anisotropic plates in terms of their reflection amplitude matrices. We evaluate the torque in 1D for ideal and realistic model materials.
description: 8 pages, 4 figs, Submitted to Proc. of QFEXT'05, to appear in J. Phys. A
Anomalous nucleation far from equilibrium
Creators: name: Georgiev, Ivan T.
name: Schmittmann, Beate
name: Zia, Royce K. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present precision Monte Carlo data and analytic arguments for an asymmetric exclusion process, involving two species of particles driven in opposite directions on a $2 \times L$ lattice. We propose a scenario which resolves a stark discrepancy between earlier simulation data, suggesting the existence of an ordered phase, and an analytic conjecture according to which the system should revert to a disordered state in the thermodynamic limit. By analyzing the finite size effects in detail, we argue that the presence of a single, seemingly macroscopic, cluster is an intermediate stage of a complex nucleation process: In smaller systems, this cluster is destabilized while larger systems allow the formation of multiple clusters. Both limits lead to exponential cluster size distributions which are, however, controlled by very different length scales.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, one column
Magnetic deformation of neutron stars in scalar-tensor theories
Creators: name: Soldateschi, J.
name: Bucciantini, N.
name: Del Zanna, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scalar-tensor theories are among the most promising alternatives to general relativity that have been developed to account for some long standing issues in our understanding of gravity. Some of these theories predict the existence of a non-linear phenomenon, spontaneous scalarisation, which can lead to the appearance of sizeable modifications to general relativity in the presence of compact matter distributions, namely neutron stars. On the one hand, one of the effects of the scalar field is to modify the emission of gravitational waves, both due to variations in the quadrupolar deformation of the star and to the presence of additional modes of emission. On the other hand, neutron stars are known to harbour extremely powerful magnetic fields which can affect their structure and shape, leading in turn to the emission of gravitational waves, this time due to a magnetic quadrupolar deformation. We investigate here how the presence of spontaneous scalarisation can affect the magnetic deformation of neutron stars and their emission of quadrupolar gravitational waves, both of tensor and scalar nature. We will show that it is possible to provide simple parameterisations of the magnetic deformation and gravitational wave power of neutron stars in terms of their baryonic mass, circumferential radius and scalar charge, and that a universal scaling exists independently of the magnetic field geometry and of the parameters of the scalar-tensor theory. Finally, we comment on the observability of the deviations of the gravitational waves strain from general relativity by current and future observatories.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Multigaps superconductivity at unconventional Lifshitz transition in a 3D Rashba heterostructure at atomic limit
Creators: name: Mazziotti, Vittoria
name: Valletta, Antonio
name: Raimondi, Roberto
name: Bianconi, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that the critical temperature of multi-gap superconducting 3D heterostructures at atomic limit (HAL) made of a superlattice of atomic layers with an electron spectrum made of several quantum subbands can be amplified by a shape resonance driven by the contact exchange interaction between different gaps. The $T_C$ amplification is achieved tuning the Fermi level near the singular nodal point at a Lifshitz transition for opening a neck. Recently high interest has been addressed to the breaking of inversion symmetry which leads to a linear-in-momentum spin-orbit induced spin splitting, universally referred to as Rashba spin-orbit coupling (RSOC) also in 3D layered metals. However the physics of multi-gap superconductivity near unconventional Lifshitz transitions in 3D HAL with RSOC, being in a non-BCS regime, is not known. The key result of this work getting the superconducting gaps by Bogoliubov theory and the 3D electron wave functions by solution of the Dirac equation is the feasibility of tuning multi-gap superconductivity by suitably matching the spin-orbit length with the 3D superlattice period. It is found that the presence of the RSOC amplifies both the k dependent anisotropic gap function and the critical temperature when the Fermi energy is tuned near the circular nodal line. Our results suggest a method to effectively vary the effect of RSOC on macroscopic superconductor condensates via the tuning of the superlattice modulation parameter in a way potentially relevant for spintronics functionalities in several existing experimental platforms and tunable materials needed for quantum devices for quantum computing.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures
Pulse Control of Decoherence with Population Decay
Creators: name: Murakami, Takahiro
name: Takane, Yositake
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pulse control of decoherence in a qubit interacting with a quantum environment is studied with focus on a general case where decoherence is induced by both pure dephasing and population decay. To observe how the decoherence is suppressed by periodic pi pulses, we present a simple method to calculate the time evolution of a qubit under arbitrary pulse sequences consisting of bit-flips and/or phase-flips. We examine the effectiveness of the two typical sequences: bb sequence consisting of only bit-flips, and bp sequence consisting of both bit- and phase-flips. It is shown that the effectiveness of the pulse sequences depends on a relative strength of the two decoherence processes especially when a pulse interval is slightly shorter than qubit-environment correlation times. In the short-interval limit, however, the bp sequence is always more effective than, or at least as effective as, the bb sequence.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
PHENIX results on collectivity tests in high multiplicity p+p and p+Au collisions at 200 GeV
Creators: name: Nakagawa, Itaru
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: qm15
phenix
p+p
p+au
multiplicity
ridge
flow
small systems
fvtx
run15
correlations
scaling

description: Talk presented at the Quark Matter 2015 conference
An efficient and accurate method to obtain the energy-dependent Green function for general potentials
Creators: name: Kramer, Tobias
name: Heller, Eric J.
name: Parrott, Robert E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time-dependent quantum mechanics provides an intuitive picture of particle propagation in external fields. Semiclassical methods link the classical trajectories of particles with their quantum mechanical propagation. Many analytical results and a variety of numerical methods have been developed to solve the time-dependent Schroedinger equation. The time-dependent methods work for nearly arbitrarily shaped potentials, including sources and sinks via complex-valued potentials. Many quantities are measured at fixed energy, which is seemingly not well suited for a time-dependent formulation. Very few methods exist to obtain the energy-dependent Green function for complicated potentials without resorting to ensemble averages or using certain lead-in arrangements. Here, we demonstrate in detail a time-dependent approach, which can accurately and effectively construct the energy-dependent Green function for very general potentials. The applications of the method are numerous, including chemical, mesoscopic, and atomic physics.
description: 11 pages, to appear in the Journal of Physics: Conference Series "Time-dependent methods in Quantum Mechanics"
Multi-flow Process Mining for Comprehensive Simulation Model Discovery
Creators: name: Khodadadi, Atieh
name: Lazarova-Molnar, Sanja
Publisher: name: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)
Year: 2024

description: Process mining has proven effective in explaining the underlying processes of systems, thereby improving systems’ understanding, analysis, and operational efficiency. Process mining, however, often falls short in addressing multiple dimensions of systems’ behaviors, limiting its ability to provide comprehensive insights for systems’ performance and optimization opportunities. In this paper, we introduce an enhancement to conventional process mining that we term Multi-flow Process Mining (MFPM), which effectively extracts process flows across different system dimensions, such as time, energy, waste, and carbon footprint. MFPM enables a more comprehensive view of a system's dynamics, enabling holistic decision-making for enhanced system efficiency. We detail the framework of MFPM, outline corresponding data requirements, and introduce an expanded version of Petri nets—used here as a modeling formalism to describe and analyze multi-flow system processes. Through a detailed case study, we demonstrate the practical application of MFPM in capturing and analyzing multifaceted aspects of systems.
Shock excitation of the knots of Hen 3-1475
Creators: name: Riera, A.
name: Binette, L.
name: Raga, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new optical STIS HST spectroscopic observations of the jets of the proto-planetary nebula Hen 3-1475. The excitation conditions of the knots of Hen 3-1475 are derived from the observed optical spectra, confirming that the knots are shock excited. The shocked spectra are qualitatively reproduced by simple ``3/2''D bow shock models. We present a set of bow shock models devoted to planetary nebulae, and discuss the effects of the pre-ionization conditions, the bow shock velocity, the bow shock shape and the chemical abundances on the predicted spectra. To explore the reliability of the ``3/2''D bow shock models, we also compare the observed spectra of other three proto-planetary nebulae (M 1-92, M 2-56 and CRL 618) to the predicted spectra.
description: 13 pages. A&A (in press)
Isospin asymmetry and type-I superconductivity in neutron star matter
Creators: name: Alford, Mark
name: Good, Gerald
name: Reddy, Sanjay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been argued by Buckley et. al.(Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 151102, 2004) that nuclear matter is a type-I rather than a type-II superconductor. The suggested mechanism is a strong interaction between neutron and proton Cooper pairs, which arises from an assumed U(2) symmetry of the effective potential, which is supposed to originate in isospin symmetry of the underlying nuclear interactions. To test this claim, we perform an explicit mean-field calculation of the effective potential of the Cooper pairs in a model with a simple four-point pairing interaction. In the neutron star context, matter is very neutron rich with less than 10% protons, so there is no neutron-proton pairing. We find that under these conditions our model shows no interaction between proton Cooper pairs and neutron Cooper pairs at the mean-field level. We estimate the leading contribution beyond mean field and find that it is is small and attractive at weak coupling.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Protocol for Executing and Benchmarking Eight Computational Doublet-Detection Methods in Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Data Analysis
Creators: name: Xi, Nan Miles
name: Li, Jingyi Jessica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The existence of doublets is a key confounder in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data analysis. Computational methods have been developed for detecting doublets from scRNA-seq data. We developed an R package DoubletCollection to integrate the installation and execution of eight doublet-detection methods. DoubletCollection also provides a unified interface to perform and visualize downstream analysis after doublet detection. Here, we present a protocol of using DoubletCollection to benchmark doublet-detection methods. This protocol can automatically accommodate new doublet-detection methods in the fast-growing scRNA-seq field.
Silica/polyacrylamide nanocomposite for inhibition of asphaltene precipitation from unstable crude oils
Creators: name: Hosseini-Dastgerdi, Zeinab
name: Maleki, Ashkan
name: Elyassi, Ebrahim
name: Rashidi, Alimorad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Among various flow assurance problems, asphaltene precipitation is a major issue. This study aims to evaluate the potential application of silica-polyacrylamide nanocomposite to inhibit asphaltene precipitation for the first time. The nanocomposites were synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared and field emission scanning electron microscopy techniques. The inhibitory effect of nanocomposites in water-based nanofluid on two unstable crude oils was evaluated using viscometry, asphaltene dispersion test, dynamic light scattering, and polarized microscopy techniques. The viscosity measurements indicate that nanocomposites postpone asphaltene onset of precipitation from 34 to 44 and 23 to 36 vol% nC7 for crude oil A and B, respectively. The maximum dispersion efficiency of nanocomposite was 69% and 79% at the 1% and 2.5% nanofluid volume dosages for crude oil A and B, respectively. Dynamic Light Scattering and microscopy results indicated the asphaltene size change to lower values in the presence of nanocomposites. Polyacrylamide attached to the silica surface promotes a surface with efficient functional groups that increase the asphaltene adsorption. Asphaltene adsorption leads to decreased aggregate size and controlling the asphaltene precipitation. The prepared nanocomposite was evaluated as an efficient dispersant and inhibitor that reveals the potential application of Silica-polyacrylamide for handling the asphaltene precipitation in reservoirs.
Constraints on Primordial Black Holes by Distortions of Cosmic Microwave Background
Creators: name: Tashiro, Hiroyuki
name: Sugiyama, Naoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Possible influence of primordial black hole (PBH) evaporations on cosmic microwave background (CMB) is investigated. The spectrum distortions of CMB from the black-body spectrum are described by the chemical potential $μ$ and the Compton parameter $y$. From COBE/FIRAS limits on $μ$ and $y$, the power law index $n$ of primordial density fluctuations and the mass fraction of PBHs $β$ are constrained by employing the peak theory for the formation process of PBHs. Constraints set here are $n < 1.304$ and $n<1.333$ in the thresholds of peaks $ζ_{\rm th} =0.7$ and $ζ_{\rm th} =1.2$, respectively, for the PBH mass range between $2.7\times 10^{11}$g and $1.6 \times 10^{12}$g, and $n < 1.312$ and $n<1.343$ in the thresholds of peaks $ζ_{\rm th} =0.7$ and $ζ_{\rm th} =1.2$, respectively, for the PBH mass range between $1.6 \times 10^{12} {\rm g}$ and $3.5\times 10^{13}$g, which correspond to the comoving scales between $3 \times 10^{-18}$Mpc and $ 4\times 10^{-17}$Mpc. The constraint on the PBH fraction, which is the direct probe of the amplitude of density fluctuations in these scales, stays an almost same value as $β<10^{-21}$ in these mass ranges. It is also found that, with these constraints, UV photons injected by PBH evaporations are unlikely ionize vast hydrogen atoms after recombination.
description: accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.D
The Volume Fraction of Ionized Intergalactic Gas at Redshift z=6.5
Creators: name: Malhotra, Sangeeta
name: Rhoads, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed number density of Lyman-alpha sources implies a minimum volume of the inter-galactic medium that must be ionized, in order to allow the Lyman-alpha photons to escape attenuation. We estimate this volume by assigning to each Lyman-alpha emitter the minimum Stromgren sphere that would allow half its Lyman-alpha photons to escape. This implies a lower limit to ionized gas volume fraction of 20-50% at redshift z=6.5. This is a lower limit in two ways: First, we conservatively assume that the Lyman-alpha sources seen (at a relatively bright flux limit) are the only ones present; and second, we assume the smallest Stromgren sphere volume that will allow the photons to escape. This limit is completely independent of what ionizing photon sources produced the bubbles. Deeper Lyman-alpha surveys are possible with present technology, and can strengthen these limits by detecting a higher density of Lyman-alpha galaxies.
description: Submitted to ApJ Letters
Generation of density inhomogeneities by magnetohydrodynamic waves in two dimensions
Creators: name: Van Loo, S.
name: Falle, S. A. E. G.
name: Hartquist, T. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using two dimensional simulations, we study the formation of structures with a high-density contrast by magnetohydrodynamic waves in regions in which the ratio of thermal to magnetic pressure is small. The initial state is a uniform background perturbed by fast-mode wave. Our most significant result is that dense structures persist for far longer in a two-dimensional simulation than in the one-dimensional case. Once formed, these structures persist as long as the fast-mode amplitude remains high.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, accepted by MNRAS
title: CARDIOvascular Science – Studieren im HERZEN Deutschlands
Creators: name: Würtz, Christina
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Seit vielen Jahren ist die Universitätsmedizin Göttingen führend auf dem Gebiet der Erforschung der Herz-Kreislauferkrankungen. DFG-geförderte Sonderforschungsbereiche und international vernetzte Graduiertenkollegs sind auf Ebene der Grundlagenforschung ebenso tätig, wie klinische[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Jahrestagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für medizinisches Bibliothekswesen (AGMB)
title: FAIR Data Management als gemeinsame Herausforderung
Creators: name: Sax, Ulrich
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Biomedizinische Daten sind der Motor für die klinische und biomedizinische Forschung. Entscheidend für die Nutzbarkeit der Daten ist es, den Kontext bzw. Zweck der Datenerhebung (Provenance) zusammen mit den Daten vorzuhalten. Für die Interpretation der Daten müssen zunehmend [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Jahrestagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für medizinisches Bibliothekswesen (AGMB)
Deforming field theories with $U(1)\times U(1)$ global symmetry and their gravity duals
Creators: name: Lunin, Oleg
name: Maldacena, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find the gravity dual of a marginal deformation of ${\cal N}=4$ super Yang Mills, and discuss some of its properties. This deformation is intimately connected with an $SL(2,R)$ symmetry of the gravity theory. The $SL(2,R)$ transformation enables us to find the solutions in a simple way. These field theory deformations, sometimes called $β$ deformations, can be viewed as arising from a star product. Our method works for any theory that has a gravity dual with a $U(1)\times U(1)$ global symmetry which is realized geometrically. These include the field theories that live on D3 branes at the conifold or other toric singularities, as well as their cascading versions.
description: 35 pages. V3: typos fixed
title: Elektronische Laborbücher als Teil des Forschungsdatenmanagements in den Lebenswissenschaften – die Rolle einer Bibliothek am Beispiel ZB MED – Informationszentrum Lebenswissenschaften
Creators: name: Lindstädt, Birte
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Eine zentrale Rolle im Lebenszyklus von Forschungsdaten kommt dem Elektronischen Laborbuch (ELN – Electronic Lab(oratory) Notebook) als Dokumentationsinstrument insbesondere in der medizinischen Forschung zu. Es löst in immer mehr Forschungseinrichtungen das bisher verwendete Laborbuch in[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Jahrestagung der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für medizinisches Bibliothekswesen (AGMB)
A fuzzy goal programming model for time, cost, and quality trade-off problem in metro construction projects considering sustainable development
Creators: name: Hashemi, Reza
name: Shahbandarzadeh, Hamid
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: When it comes to sustainable development in a country, transportation plays a significant role. It goes without saying that among various modes of transportation, metro has obtained an outstanding place in the intra-city transportation sector. Thus, accurately assessing the development condition of the urban metro system is inevitable to achieve its sustainable development. Given the importance of this issue, the main purpose of this study is to apply a new fuzzy model to the trade-offs of time, cost, and quality when planning metro construction projects to help achieve sustainable development. This model focuses on three pillars of sustainability: social, economic, and environmental. The research methodology used in this study is a survey and mathematical modelling. For this purpose, a new fuzzy goal programming model is developed. Finally, the model’s efficiency is investigated using sensitivity analysis. For decision-makers, the proposed model provides highly useful results. They are able to fulfil the social and environmental pillars of sustainable development by significantly reducing the completion time and improving the quality of the project. Moreover, by controlling the increase in costs, they can meet the economic pillar. The presented model provides appropriate answers to the problem by the scenarios considered by project managers.
Controlling directed atomic motion and second-order tunneling of a spin-orbit-coupled atom in optical lattices
Creators: name: Luo, Xiaobing
name: Zeng, Zhao-Yun
name: Guo, Yu
name: Yang, Baiyuan
name: Xiao, Jinpeng
name: Li, Lei
name: Kong, Chao
name: Chen, Ai-Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically explore the tunneling dynamics for the tight-binding (TB) model of a single spin-orbit-coupled atom trapped in an optical lattice subjected to lattice shaking and to time-periodic Zeeman field. By means of analytical and numerical methods, we demonstrate that the spin-orbit (SO) coupling adds some new results to the tunneling dynamics in both multiphoton resonance and far-off-resonance parameter regimes. When the driving frequency is resonant with the static Zeeman field (multi-photon resonances), we obtain an unexpected new dynamical localization (DL) phenomenon where the single SO-coupled atom is restricted to making perfect two-site Rabi oscillation accompanied by spin flipping.By using the unconventional DL phenomenon, we are able to generate a ratchetlike effect which enables directed atomic motion towards different directions and accompanies periodic spin-flipping under the action of SO coupling. For the far-off-resonance case, we show that by suppressing the usual inter-site tunneling alone, it is possible to realize a type of spin-conserving second-order tunneling between next-nearest-neighboring sites, which is not accessible in the conventional lattice system without SO coupling. We also show that simultaneous controls of the usual inter-site tunneling and the SO-coupling-related second-order-tunneling are necessary for quasienergies flatness (collapse) and completely frozen dynamics to exist. These results may be relevant to potential applications such as spin-based quantum information processing and design of novel spintronics devices.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
The Structure and Dispersion of Exciton-Trion-Polaritons in Two-Dimensional Materials: Experiments and Theory
Creators: name: Koksal, Okan
name: Jung, Minwoo
name: Manolatou, Christina
name: Vamivakas, A. Nick
name: Shvets, Gennady
name: Rana, Farhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of trions and their interaction with light has remained a puzzle. The composition and dispersion of polaritons involving trions provide insights into this puzzle. Trions and excitons in doped two-dimensional (2D) materials are not independent excitations but are strongly coupled as a result of Coulomb interactions. When excitons in doped 2D materials are also strongly coupled with light inside an optical waveguide, the resulting polariton states are coherent superpositions of exciton, trion, and photon states. We realize these exciton-trion-polaritons by coupling an electron-doped monolayer of two-dimensional material MoSe2 to the optical mode in a photonic crystal waveguide. Our theoretical model, based on a many-body description of these polaritons, reproduces the measured polariton energy band dispersion and Rabi splittings with excellent accuracy. Our work sheds light on the structure of trion states in 2D matrials and also on the indirect mechanism by which they interact with light.
description: 12 Pages, 5 Figures, and one Supplementary Material Section. Slightly modified from the previous version