cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MOVEMENTS, HOME RANGES, AND HABITAT USE OF JUVENILE GREEN TURTLES IN SANTA ELENA BAY, MATAPALITO BAY, AND LEONCILLOS BAY IN COSTA RICA
Creators: name: Wu, Fanqi
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Behavioural ecology
Marine and estuarine ecology (incl. marine ichthyology)

description: This study monitored daily and seasonal locations of juvenile green turtles in three coastal bays of northwest Costa Rica, determining their home ranges and assessing their habitat use. My objective was to produce insights which might help future Pacific Ocean green turtle conservation efforts. I tracked 14 juvenile green turtles for 51-629 days using acoustic transmitters (VECOM v16) and 12 acoustic receivers (VECOM VR2Tx and VR2W) in 5 study area habitats: sandy areas, reef patches, macroalgae, rocky reefs, and mangroves. I divided these 14 turtles into large (equal to or larger than 65 cm CCL) and small (smaller than 65 cm CCL) size classes so I could highlight any changes as they grew toward adulthood. Both the large and small size turtles used habitats differently during the dry and rainy seasons. During the dry season, the large juveniles had a High Detection Rate (HDR) of 40% in the macroalgae area. During the rainy season, their HDR was 33% in the reef patch area. The small juveniles had their HDR in the reef patch area during both seasons: 33% in the dry season and 43% in the rainy season. The mean home range for the 14 turtles was 1.96 km²; their core use area was 0.19 km2. I saw no connection between body size and home range. The HDR findings suggest that juvenile green turtles preferred reef patches, rocky reefs, and macroalgae habitat types. The large juveniles prefer vegetation areas more as they grew; similar to that of adult green turtles. Some turtles moved between Matapalito Bay and Santa Elena Bay and along the coast to small bays east of Matapalito Bay. Travel speed varied between 0.23 km/h and 12.90 km/h with a mean of 1.57 km/h. My findings highlight certain habitat areas preferred by Pacific juvenile green turtles. This can guide conservationists in identifying and protecting similar habitats in other inshore Pacific bays in Central America. By protecting habitat areas that are important for juvenile green turtles, this can help rebuild the green turtle population in the Pacific Ocean.
Magnetic Josephson Junctions with Superconducting Interlayer for Cryogenic Memory
Creators: name: Vernik, Igor V.
name: Bol'ginov, Vitaly V.
name: Bakurskiy, Sergey V.
name: Golubov, Alexander A.
name: Kupriyanov, Mikhail Yu.
name: Ryazanov, Valery V.
name: Mukhanov, Oleg A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate Magnetic Josephson Junction (MJJ) - a superconducting device with ferromagnetic barrier for a scalable high-density cryogenic memory compatible with energy-efficient single flux quantum (SFQ) circuits. The superconductor-insulator-superconductor-ferromagnet-superconductor (SIS'FS) MJJs are analyzed both experimentally and theoretically. We found that the properties of SIS'FS junctions fall into two distinct classes based on the thickness of S' layer. We fabricate Nb-Al/AlOx-Nb-PdFe-Nb SIS'FS MJJs using a co-processing approach with a combination of HYPRES and ISSP fabrication processes. The resultant SIS'FS structure with thin superconducting S'-layer is substantially affected by the ferromagnetic layer as a whole. We fabricate these type of junctions to reach the device compatibility with conventional SIS junctions used for superconducting SFQ electronics to ensure a seamless integration of MJJ-based circuits and SIS JJ-based ultra-fast digital SFQ circuits. We report experimental results for MJJs, demonstrating their applicability for superconducting memory and digital circuits. These MJJs exhibit IcRn product only ~30% lower than that of conventional SIS junctions co-produced in the same fabrication. Analytical calculations for these SIS'FS structures are in a good agreement with the experiment. We discuss application of MJJ devices for memory and programmable logic circuits.
description: 8 pages,6 figures, Applied Superconductivity Conference (ASC'2012)
A Financial Risk Analysis: Does the 2008 Financial Crisis Give Impact on Weekends Returns of the U.S. Movie Box Office?
Creators: name: Sumarti, Novriana
name: Hidayat, Rafki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The Financial Crisis of 2008 is a worldwide financial crisis causing a worldwide economic decline that is the most severe since the 1930s. According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the global financial crisis gave impact on USD 3.4 trillion losses from financial institutions around the world between 2007 and 2010. Does the crisis give impact on the returns of the U.S. movie Box Office? It will be answered by doing an analysis on the financial risk model based on Extreme Value Theory (EVT) and calculations of Value at Risk (VaR) and Expected Shortfall (ES). The values of VaR and ES from 2 periods, 1982 to 1995 and 1996 to 2010, are compared. Results show that the possibility of loss for an investment in the movie industry is relatively lower than the possibility of gain for both periods of time. The values of VaR and ES for the second period are higher than the first period. We are able to conclude that the 2008 financial crisis gave no significant effect on these measurement values in the second period. This result describes the high potential opportunity in the investment of the U.S. movie makers.
description: 6 pages, 10 figures
title: Schwannoma: an unusual cause of perineal pain
Creators: name: Costa, Ana Catarina
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Abdominal imaging
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Pelvis
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 40-year-old woman was referred to our centre for a ten-month painful perineal mass. There was no rectal bleeding or bowel disorders. A soft mass was palpable on physical examination, located laterally to the right of the anus. Rectal examination showed no remarkable findings. 

description: 40 years, female
title: Matthew Mattingly: Paintings and Paraphernalia
Creators: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst Libraries
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2022

description: The UMass Amherst Libraries are hosting an exhibit of artwork, “Matthew Mattingly: Paintings and Paraphernalia,” from September 3 through December 13, in the Science & Engineering Library (SEL), Lederle GRC Lowrise, at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. A reception will be held on Wednesday, October 23, 4-6 p.m. The reception and exhibit are free and open to the public.

"This show includes works from life and imagination, as well measuring tools and a custom sketchbook that I have devised for my own use, that I hope might be of use or interest to others,” Mattingly ’02 says.

Mattingly started drawing at age five, when a babysitter showed him how to draw a house in perspective, and he was hooked for life. He attended the Worcester Art Museum School, the Boston Museum School, and Mass Art Evening School, and studied extensively with painter Paul Rahilly.

Moving to Western Mass. in 1996, he quickly became enamored with the local landscape. His work combines this backdrop with his own stories and ideas. He is also interested in the intersection of art and math, applying traditional and experimental systems of measurement and proportion to his compositions.

Mattingly has shown in several juried exhibitions in the area, along with a solo show at the Burnett Gallery in Amherst in September 2017. His artworks has received a number of awards, including the Artists Magazine 2018 Over 60 competition for his painting Three Women. Visit his website to learn more about his work.
Superstring amplitudes and the associator
Creators: name: Drummond, J. M.
name: Ragoucy, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a pattern in the $α'$ expansion of tree-level open superstring amplitudes which correlates the appearance of higher depth multiple zeta values with that of simple zeta values in a particular way. We rephrase this relationship in terms of the coaction on motivic multiple zeta values and show that the pattern takes a very simple form, which can be simply explained by relating the amplitudes to the Drinfel'd associator derived from the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation. Given this correspondence we show that, at least in the simplest case of the four-point amplitude, the associator can be used to extract the form of the amplitude.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure
MPEC 2023-L71 : 2021 CD6
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Anharmonic vibrational properties in periodic systems: energy, electron-phonon coupling, and stress
Creators: name: Monserrat, Bartomeu
name: Drummond, N. D.
name: Needs, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A unified approach is used to study vibrational properties of periodic systems with first-principles methods and including anharmonic effects. Our approach provides a theoretical basis for the determination of phonon-dependent quantities at finite temperatures. The low-energy portion of the Born-Oppenheimer energy surface is mapped and used to calculate the total vibrational energy including anharmonic effects, electron-phonon coupling, and the vibrational contribution to the stress tensor. We report results for the temperature dependence of the electronic band gap and the linear coefficient of thermal expansion of diamond, lithium hydride, and lithium deuteride.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Asymptotic behavior of an elastic satellite with internal friction
Creators: name: Haus, Emanuele
name: Bambusi, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 74D10

description: We study the dynamics of an elastic body whose shape and position evolve due to the gravitational forces exerted by a pointlike planet. The main result is that, if all the deformations of the satellite dissipate some energy, then under a suitable nondegeneracy condition there are only three possible outcomes for the dynamics: (i) the orbit of the satellite is unbounded, (ii) the satellite falls on the planet, (iii) the satellite is captured in synchronous resonance i.e. its orbit is asymptotic to a motion in which the barycenter moves on a circular orbit, and the satellite moves rigidly, always showing the same face to the planet. The result is obtained by making use of LaSalle's invariance principle and by a careful kinematic analysis showing that energy stops dissipating only on synchronous orbits. We also use in quite an extensive way the fact that conservative elastodynamics is a Hamiltonian system invariant under the action of the rotation group.
Higher Spin Contributions to Holographic Fluid Dynamics in $AdS_5/CFT_4$
Creators: name: Lee, Seungjin
name: Polyakov, Dimitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the graviton's $β$-function in $AdS$ string-theoretic sigma-model, perturbed by vertex operators for Vasiliev's higher spin gauge fields in $AdS_5$. The result is given by $β_{mn}=R_{mn}+4T_{mn}(g,u)$ (with the AdS radius set to 1 and the graviton polarized along the $AdS_5$ boundary), with the matter stress-energy tensor given by that of conformal holographic fluid in $d=4$, evaluated at the temperature given by $T={1\overπ}$. The stress-energy tensor is given by $T_{mn}={g_{mn}}+4u_mu_n+\sum_{N}T^{(N)}_{mn}$ where $u$ is the vector excitation satisfying $u^2=-1$ and $N$ is the order of the gradient expansion in the dissipative part of the tensor. We calculate the contributions up to N=2. The higher spin excitations contribute to the $β$-function, ensuring the overall Weyl covariance of the matter stress tensor. We conjecture that the structure of gradient expansion in $d=4$ conformal hydrodynamics at higher orders is controlled by the higher spin operator algebra in $AdS_5$.
description: 34 pages
MPEC 2023-L72 : 2022 OR
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Ligth-flavour identified charged-hadron production in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC
Creators: name: Preghenella, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thanks to the unique detector design adopted to fulfill tracking and particle-identification (PID) requirements (e.g. low momentum cut-off and low material budget), the ALICE experiment provides significant information about hadron production both in pp and Pb-Pb collisions. In particular, the $p_{\rm T}$-differential and integrated production yields of identified particles play a key role in the study of the collective and thermal properties of the matter formed in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. Furthermore, the production of high-$p_{\rm T}$ particles provides insights into the property of the hot medium created in such collisions and the in-medium energy-loss mechanisms. Transverse momentum spectra of $π^{\pm}$, K$^{\pm}$, p and $\bar{\rm p}$ are measured at mid-rapidity ($\left|y\right|
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, prepared for the Proceedings of the International Workshop On Physics At The LHC (Kruger 2012) December 3 - 7, 2012 Protea Hotel, Kruger Gate South Africa
Pathways of large-scale magnetic couplings between solar coronal events
Creators: name: Schrijver, C. J.
name: Title, A. M.
name: Yeates, A. R.
name: DeRosa, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high-cadence, comprehensive view of the solar corona by SDO/AIA shows many events that are widely separated in space while occurring close together in time. In some cases, sets of coronal events are evidently causally related, while in many other instances indirect evidence can be found. We present case studies to highlight a variety of coupling processes involved in coronal events. We find that physical linkages between events do occur, but concur with earlier studies that these couplings appear to be crucial to understanding the initiation of major eruptive or explosive phenomena relatively infrequently. We note that the post-eruption reconfiguration time scale of the large-scale corona, estimated from the EUV afterglow, is on average longer than the mean time between CMEs, so that many CMEs originate from a corona that is still adjusting from a previous event. We argue that the coronal field is intrinsically global: current systems build up over days to months, the relaxation after eruptions continues over many hours, and evolving connections easily span much of a hemisphere. This needs to be reflected in our modeling of the connections from the solar surface into the heliosphere to properly model the solar wind, its perturbations, and the generation and propagation of solar energetic particles. However, the large-scale field cannot be constructed reliably by currently available observational resources. We assess the potential of high-quality observations from beyond Earth's perspective and advanced global modeling to understand the couplings between coronal events in the context of CMEs and solar energetic particle events.
description: ApJSS, in press
title: Staphylococcus aureus and Cystic Fibrosis—A Close Relationship. What Can We Learn from Sequencing Studies?
Creators: name: Rumpf, Christine
name: Lange, Jonas
name: Schwartbeck, Bianca
name: Kahl, Barbara C.
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: 'Staphylococcus aureus' is next to 'Pseudomonas aeruginosa' the most isolated pathogen from the airways of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, who are often infected by a dominant 'S. aureus' clone for extended periods. To be able to persist, the pathogen has to adapt to the hostile niche of the airways to counteract host defence, antibiotic therapy and the competition with coinfecting pathogens. 'S. aureus' is equipped with many virulence factors including adhesins, toxins that are localized on the chromosome, on plasmids or are phage-related. 'S. aureus' is especially versatile and adaptation and evolution of the pathogen occurs by the acquisition of new genes by horizontal gene transfer (HGT), changes in nucleotides (single nucleotide variations, SNVs) that can cause a selective advantage for the bacteria and become fixed in subpopulations. Methicillin-resistant 'S. aureus' are a special threat to CF patients due to the more severe lung disease occurring in infected patients. Today, with decreasing costs for sequencing, more and more studies using 'S. aureus' isolates cultured from CF patients are being published, which use whole genome sequencing (WGS), multilocus sequence typing (MLST) or spa-sequence typing ('spa'-typing) to follow the population dynamics of 'S. aureus', elucidate the underlying mechanisms of phenotypic variants, newly acquired resistance or adaptation to the host response in this particular niche. In the first part of this review, an introduction to the genetic make-up and the pathogenesis of 'S. aureus' with respect to CF is provided. The second part presents an overview of recent studies and their findings using genotypic methods such as single or multilocus sequencing and whole genome sequencing, which identify factors contributing to the adaptation of 'S. aureus' and its evolution in the airways of individuals with CF.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
Special Accusation Types: Anonymous Accusation, Non-evidential Accusation, and Self-Accusation
Creators: name: Bergstra, Jan A.
name: Düwell, Marcus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ethical theory

description: Transmathematica archive. Please cite as:
 Bergstra, J. A., & Düwell, M. (2023). Special Accusation Types: Anonymous Accusation, Non-evidential Accusation, and Self-Accusation. Transmathematica. https://doi.org/10.36285/tm.85
Sejarah Cacar dan Wabah Lainnya di Sumatera Selatan
Creators: name: Pramasto, Arafah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Asian history
Indonesian literature
Health systems
Health care administration

description: Menerangkan sejarah terjadinya sejumlah wabah di Sumatera Selatan, Indonesia
Langmuir dark solitons in dense ultrarelativistic electron-positron gravito-plasma in pulsar magnetosphere
Creators: name: Mofiz, U. A.
name: Amin, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear propagation of electrostatic modes in ultrarelativistic dense elelectron-positron gravito-plasma at the polar cap region of pulsar magnetosphere is considered. A nonlinear Schrödinger equation is obtained from the reductive perturbation method which predicts the existence of Langmuir dark solitons. Relevance of the propagating dark solitons to the pulsar radio emission is discussed.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:astro-ph/9808047 by other authors without attribution
title: Unlocking the Past: A Public Domain Exhibit
Creators: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst Libraries
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: On January 1, 2019, works published in the U.S. in 1923 came out of copyright and are now free or public use and sharing. To celebrate, the UMass Amherst Libraries are curating an exhibit in the Science and Engineering Library feature some of these materials. This is the first time since 1998 that the public domain has grown substantially, unlocking movies, music, paintings, sculpture, books, poems, and scientific publications. The exhibit features works by Willa Cather, Agatha Christie, Cecil B. DeMille, Sigmund Freud, Robert Frost, Kahlil Gibran, Rudyard Kipling, Pablo Picasso, Virginia Woolf, and others.
Kink mass quantum shifts from SUSY quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Alonso-Izquierdo, Alberto
name: Guilarte, Juan Mateos
name: Plyushchay, Mikhail S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper a new version of the DHN (Dashen-Hasslacher-Neveu) formula, which is used to compute the one-loop order kink mass correction in (1+1)-dimensional scalar field theory models, is constructed. The new expression is written in terms of the spectral data coming from the supersymmetric partner operator of the second-order small kink fluctuation operator and allows us to compute the kink mass quantum shift in new models for which this calculation was out of reach by means of the old formula.
description: 32 pages, 6 figures
Emergence of Topological and Strongly Correlated Ground States in trapped Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupled Bose Gases
Creators: name: Ramachandhran, B.
name: Hu, Hui
name: Pu, Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study an interacting few-body system of Rashba spin-orbit coupled two-component Bose gases confined in a harmonic trapping potential. We solve the interacting Hamiltonian at large Rashba coupling strengths using Exact Diagonalization scheme, and obtain the ground state phase diagram for a range of interatomic interactions and particle numbers. At small particle numbers, we observe that the bosons condense to an array of topological states with n+1/2 quantum angular momentum vortex configurations, where n = 0, 1, 2, 3... At large particle numbers, we observe two distinct regimes: at weaker interaction strengths, we obtain ground states with topological and symmetry properties that are consistent with mean-field theory computations; at stronger interaction strengths, we report the emergence of strongly correlated ground states.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Australian Aboriginal Astronomy: Overview
Creators: name: Norris, Ray P.
name: Hamacher, Duane W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The traditional cultures of Aboriginal Australians include a significant astronomical component, perpetuated through oral tradition, ceremony, and art. This astronomical component includes a deep understanding of the motion of objects in the sky, and this knowledge was used for practical purposes, such as constructing calendars. There is also evidence that traditional Aboriginal Australians made careful records and measurements of cyclical phenomena, paid careful attention to unexpected phenomena such as eclipses and meteorite impacts, and could determine the cardinal points to an accuracy of a few degrees.
description: In Ruggles, C.L.N. (edt) "Handbook of Archaeoastronomy and Ethnoastronomy, Volume 2" (February 2014). Springer Reference, in press
title: Applying machine learning for seismic interpretation
Creators: name: Benalshaikh, Mohammed
Publisher: name: The University of Edinburgh
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: seismic interpretation
subject: pre-stack seismic data
subject: synthetic seismic traces

description: Seismic interpretation can be a time-consuming and challenging process for geophysicists, and in this thesis, we investigate how to utilise machine learning techniques to address these challenges. Most seismic data interpretation happens on the post-stack seismic data; however, we would like to interpret the pre-stack seismic data because it is more informative than post-stack seismic data. We also want to use the prior knowledge of rock physics relationships between different rocks. These rock physics relationships give rise to patterns in the seismic data that perhaps can be learned by the machine learning algorithm. In this thesis, we approach these problems of seismic interpretation with a two-stage process. Firstly, we compute pseudo wells and their associated post-stack and pre-stack synthetic seismic traces. Secondly, we set up a neural network algorithm to detect layer boundaries from the post-stack and pre-stack synthetic seismic traces. We showed two methods of interpreting seismic data using different neural network architectures: the convolutional neural network and the dense Neurons. We compared the neural network methods against the commonly known deconvolution method. We evaluated the performance of the layer boundary prediction methods using performance measures that take into account different weighting for the True-Positives $TP$, True-Negatives $TN$, False-Positives $FP$ and False-Negatives $FN$. We found that our convolutional neural network is the favourable approach for detecting layer boundaries predicting between $96.5\%$ and $99.8\%$ of the interfaces present in the noise-free, thicker layered data using the thresholds of $0.5$ and $0.05$ respectively. The convolutional neural network scored higher on our performance measures compared to the other methods. The convolutional neural network showed positive results when predicting layer boundaries using the thicker layers and tends to degrade when introducing noise, reducing the acoustic impedance contrast, or using thinner layers.
Charge carrier dynamics in bulk MoS2 crystal studied by transient absorption microscopy
Creators: name: Kumar, Nardeep
name: He, Jiaqi
name: He, Dawei
name: Wang, Yongsheng
name: Zhao, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a transient absorption microscopy study of charge carrier dynamics in bulk MoS2 crystals at room temperature. Charge carriers are injected by interband absorption of a 555-nm pulse, and probed by measuring differential reflection of a time-delayed and spatially scanned 660-nm pulse. We find an intervalley transfer time of about 0.35 ps, an energy relaxation time of hot carriers on the order of 50 ps, and a carrier lifetime of 180 ps. By monitoring the spatiotemporal dynamics of carriers, we obtained a diffusion coefficient of thermalized electrons of 4.2 cm2/s, corresponding to a mobility of 170 cm2/Vs. We also observed a time-varying diffusion coefficient of hot carriers.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Polarimetry in the hard X-ray domain with INTEGRAL SPI
Creators: name: Chauvin, M.
name: Roques, J. P.
name: Clark, D. J.
name: Jourdain, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present recent improvements in polarization analysis with the INTEGRAL SPI data. The SPI detector plane consists of 19 independent Ge crystals and can operate as a polarimeter. The anisotropy characteristics of Compton diffusions can provide information on the polarization parameters of the incident flux. By including the physics of the polarized Compton process in the instrument simulation, we are able to determine the instrument response for a linearly polarized emission at any position angle. We compare the observed data with the simulation sets by a minimum χ^2 technique to determine the polarization parameters of the source (angle and fraction). We have tested our analysis procedure with Crab nebula observations and find a position angle similar to those previously reported in the literature, with a comfortable significance. Since the instrument response depends on the incident angle, each exposure in the SPI data requires its own set of simulations, calculated for 18 polarization angles (from 0° to 170° in steps of 10°) and unpolarized emission. The analysis of a large amount of observations for a given source, required to obtain statistically significant results, represents a large amount of computing time, but it is the only way to access this complementary information in the hard X-ray regime. Indeed, major scientific advances are expected from such studies since the observational results will help to discriminate between the different models proposed for the high energy emission of compact objects like X-ray binaries and active galactic nuclei or gamma-ray bursts.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, accepted in ApJ
title: Cavitating rectal gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST)
Creators: name: Filippini, Claire
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Abdominal imaging
subject: Colon
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: PET-CT
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: This 58-year-old man presented with a 6-month history of severe rectal pain, especially on sitting. He also reported urinary frequency and urgency. He was unable to tolerate a rectal examination. Examination under anaesthetic revealed a firm rubbery mass in the anterior rectum. Cystoscopy, hormone assays and tumour markers were normal. 

description: 58 years, male
title: Wolfgang Behringer/Hartmut Lehmann/ Christian Pfister (Hrsg.): Kulturelle Konsequenzen der „Kleinen Eiszeit“. Cultural Consequences of the „Little Ice Age“ (Veröffentlichungen des Max-Planck-Instituts für Geschichte 212). Göttingen 2005
Creators: name: Hakelberg, Dietrich
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Rezension zu: Wolfgang Behringer/Hartmut Lehmann/ Christian Pfister (Hrsg.): Kulturelle Konsequenzen der „Kleinen Eiszeit“. Cultural Consequences of the „Little Ice Age“ (Veröffentlichungen des Max-Planck-Instituts für Geschichte 212). Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 2005. 514 S. ISBN 3-525-35864-4
Centrality and pT dependence of J/psi suppression in proton-nucleus collisions from parton energy loss
Creators: name: Arleo, François
name: Kolevatov, Rodion
name: Peigné, Stéphane
name: Rustamova, Maryam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of parton energy loss and pT-broadening in cold nuclear matter on the pT and centrality dependence, at various rapidities, of J/psi suppression in p-A collisions are investigated. Calculations are systematically compared to E866 and PHENIX measurements. The very good agreement between the data and the theoretical expectations further supports pT-broadening and the associated medium-induced parton energy loss as dominant effects in J/psi suppression in high-energy p-A collisions. Predictions for J/psi (and Upsilon) suppression in p-Pb collisions at the LHC are given.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures
Younger Than Ever? Subjective Age Is Becoming Younger and Remains More Stable in Middle-Age and Older Adults Today
Creators: name: Wettstein, Markus
name: Wahl, Hans-Werner
name: Drewelies, Johanna
name: Wurm, Susanne
name: Huxhold, Oliver
name: Ram, Nilam
name: Gerstorf, Denis
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: subjective age
subject: birth cohort
subject: midlife
subject: old age
subject: subjective age bias
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Little is known about historical shifts in subjective age (i.e., how old individuals feel). Moving beyond the very few time-lagged cross-sectional cohort comparisons, we examined historical shifts in within-person trajectories of subjective age from midlife to advanced old age. We used cohort-comparative longitudinal data from middle-age and older adults in the German Ageing Survey (N = 14,928; ~50% female) who lived in Germany and were between 40 and 85 years old when entering the study. They provided up to seven observations over 24 years. Results revealed that being born later in historical time is associated with feeling younger by 2% every birth-year decade and with less intraindividual change toward an older subjective age. Women reported feeling younger than men; this gender gap widened across cohorts. The association of higher education with younger subjective age became weaker across cohorts. Potential reasons for the subjective-rejuvenation effect across cohorts are discussed.
title: Sören Frommer/Aline Kottmann: Die Glashütte Glaswasen im Schönbuch. Produktionsprozesse, Infrastruktur und Arbeitsalltag eines spätmittelalterlichen Betriebs. (Tübinger Forschungen zur historischen Archäologie 1). Büchenbach 2004
Creators: name: Brüggler, Marion
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Rezension zu: Sören Frommer/Aline Kottmann: Die Glashütte Glaswasen im Schönbuch. Produktionsprozesse, Infrastruktur und Arbeitsalltag eines spätmittelalterlichen Betriebs. Mit Beiträgen von Katharina Müller, Solveig Schiegl, Bernhard Watzke (Tübinger Forschungen zur historischen Archäologie 1). Büchenbach: Dr. Faustus 2004. 340 S., 29 teils farbige Tafeln, Harris Matrix A3, 23 Seiten mit 15 Plänen, 140 Abbildungen, CD mit Befundkatalog, Fundkatalog, Listen und naturwissenschaftliche Analysen. ISBN 3-933474-27-2
Press Release: S3E celebrates the Charge Open Day to present the deep tech solutions of the selected growth startups
Creators: name: S3E Consortium
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: south3e, innovation, startups, entrepreneurship, deeptech, horizoneurope, pitching, investors

description: The EU-funded project South3E will celebrate the S3E Charge Open Day on Thursday, 6th July 2023, at 13.00 CET, giving the chance to the participating South European startups to pitch their business ideas.
title: Nuclear Renaissance in Sub-Saharan Africa and the Demands of Emergency Preparedness. With a Case Study of Ghana
Creators: name: Vujaković, Anja
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sub-Saharan Africa
subject: nuclear emergency prepardness
subject: Ghana

description: In the context of burgeoning nuclear renaissance in sub-Saharan Africa, an important nuclear safety question arises: do nuclear newcomer countries in the region have the capacity to develop a robust nuclear emergency preparedness and response infrastructure,and what are the challenges? With this question in mind, this master thesis encompasses five distinct research steps. Firstly, it identifies challenges that are specific to the region of sub-Saharan Africa and assesses their prevalence in the nuclear front runner countries.Secondly, it identifies and explores key requirements for nuclear emergency preparedness and response infrastructure outlined by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).Subsequently, it derives vital regional requirements that are missing from the IAEA’sportfolio and combines them with IAEA requirements to create a weighted assessment model for nuclear emergency preparedness and response capabilities in countries of sub-Saharan Africa. Lastly, it undertakes a comprehensive case study focusing on the Republic of Ghana. The findings indicate a high prevalence of region-specific challenges in all nuclear frontrunner countries in sub-Saharan Africa and a mismatch between their nuclear ambitions and their performance in key development aspects such as economic health, basic infrastructure, and political stability. The results of the case study on Ghanaindicate below-average nuclear emergency preparedness and response capacity and offer valuable insights into key areas for improvement. The thesis concludes with a summary of key findings and practical recommendations for addressing identified challenges,providing a valuable resource for relevant authorities.
Atmospheric mass loss and evolution of short-period exoplanets: the examples of CoRoT-7b and Kepler-10b
Creators: name: Kurokawa, Hiroyuki
name: Kaltenegger, Lisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Short-period exoplanets potentially lose envelope masses during their evolution because of atmospheric escape caused by the intense XUV radiation from their host stars. We develop a combined model of atmospheric mass loss calculation and thermal evolution calculation of a planet to simulate its evolution and explore the dependences on the formation history of the planet. Thermal atmospheric escape as well as the Roche-lobe overflow contributes to mass loss. The maximum initial planetary model mass depends primarily on the assumed evolution model of the stellar XUV luminosity. We adapt the model to CoRoT-7b and Kepler-10b to explore the evolution of both planets and the maximum initial mass of these planets. We take the recent X-ray observation of CoRoT-7 into account and exploring the effect of different XUV evolution models on the planetary initial mass. Our calculations indicate that both hot super Earths could be remnants of Jupiter mass gas planets.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Die Römische Republik als Kultur des Erinnerns, Deutens und Vergessens
Creators: name: Baumann, Yvonne
name: Fietz, Bolko
name: Kath, Roxana
name: Rücker, Michaela
name: Taube, Christine
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: This paper addresses the cultural memory of the Roman Republic through a cross-cultural perspective/approach. It contrasts the mechanisms of remembering within the Roman republican society and in Athens in the 5th century BC starting with some general remarks to the
present discussion of different types of memory. A main point of the research is the relationship between remembering and forgetting and its importance/consequences for the construction
of identity. Another question is the possibility of a distinct culture and memory of the populus in contrast to the nobility and their possible places/media of remembrance, in myth and festivity.
Refractive-index-matched hydrogel materials for modeling flow-structure interactions
Creators: name: Byron, Margaret L.
name: Variano, Evan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In imaging-based studies of flow around solid objects, it is useful to have materials that are refractive-index-matched to the surrounding fluid. However, materials currently in use are usually rigid and matched to liquids that are either expensive or highly viscous. This does not allow for measurements at high Reynolds number, nor accurate modeling of flexible structures. This work explores the use of two hydrogels (agarose and polyacrylamide) as refractive-index-matched models in water. These hydrogels are inexpensive, can be cast into desired shapes, and have flexibility that can be tuned to match biological materials. The use of water as the fluid phase allows this method to be implemented immediately in many experimental facilities and permits investigation of high Reynolds number phenomena. We explain fabrication methods and present a summary of the physical and optical properties of both gels, and then show measurements demonstrating the use of hydrogel models in quantitative imaging.
title: Working Papers Contested Order/ eAQUA Working Papers, Vol 8 (2013):
Creators: name: Working Papers Contested Order/ EAQUA Working Papers
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Gewalt und Kognition – Beispiele aus Lateinamerika, Südosteuropa und dem Kaukasus
description: Titel
 Impressum
 Vorwort...1-7
 Gewaltpraxis zwischen Kultur, Kognition und Ökonomie. Das Beispiel der Jugendbanden in El Salvador...8-31
 Organisationales Lernen im Kontext von Gewalteinhegungsprozessen. Die Polizeimissionen in Bosnien-Herzegowina und Mazedonien...32-52
 Gewalt und Erinnerung. Die „Gegenwart der Vergangenheit“ im nordossetisch-inguschetischen Gewaltkonflikt...53-73
 „Organisationales Lernen“ und Lernen über „Geschichte als Argument“ bei nichtstaatlichen Gewaltakteuren. Das Beispiel der FARC-EP in Kolumbien...74-98
 Die AutorInnen
 Overview of the Working Papers published in the Working Paper Series of the Research Area CONTESTED ORDER
description: Practices of Violence between Culture, Cognition and Economics. The Case of Youth Gangs in El Salvador...8-31
 Organizational Learning and the Containment of Violence. The Police Missions in Bosnia-Hercegovina and Macedonia...32-52
 Violence and Remembrance. The Presence of the Past in the Ingush-Ossetian Armed Conflict...53-73
 “Organizational Learning“ and Learning by „History as an Argument“ with Non-State Violent Actors. The Example of FARCEP in Colombia...74-98
Node-weighted interacting network measures improve the representation of real-world complex systems
Creators: name: Wiedermann, Marc
name: Donges, Jonathan F.
name: Heitzig, Jobst
name: Kurths, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Network theory provides a rich toolbox consisting of methods, measures, and models for studying the structure and dynamics of complex systems found in nature, society, or technology. Recently, it has been pointed out that many real-world complex systems are more adequately mapped by networks of interacting or interdependent networks, e.g., a power grid showing interdependency with a communication network. Additionally, in many real-world situations it is reasonable to include node weights into complex network statistics to reflect the varying size or importance of subsystems that are represented by nodes in the network of interest. E.g., nodes can represent vastly different surface area in climate networks, volume in brain networks or economic capacity in trade networks. In this letter, combining both ideas, we derive a novel class of statistical measures for analysing the structure of networks of interacting networks with heterogeneous node weights. Using a prototypical spatial network model, we show that the newly introduced node-weighted interacting network measures indeed provide an improved representation of the underlying system's properties as compared to their unweighted analogues. We apply our method to study the complex network structure of cross-boundary trade between European Union (EU) and non-EU countries finding that it provides important information on trade balance and economic robustness.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
title: Global Perspectives: Through Student Eyes
Creators: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst Libraries
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018

description: The UMass Amherst Libraries and International Programs Office (IPO) host an exhibition of photos, “Global Perspectives through Student Eyes,” from February 5 through May 11, 2018, in the Science & Engineering Library (SEL), at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. A reception will be held in SEL on Tuesday, March 6, from 4-6 P.M. The reception and exhibit are free and open to the public.

IPO sponsors an annual photo contest for students to submit images they photograph while studying abroad. The images featured in this exhibit are just a sampling of the collections available on the IPO website and Facebook page.

The exhibit is co-sponsored by the UMass Amherst Libraries and the International Programs Office.
Concentric Maclaurin spheroid models of rotating liquid planets
Creators: name: Hubbard, W. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present exact expressions for the interior gravitational potential V of a system of N concentric constant-density (Maclaurin) spheroids. I demonstrate an iteration procedure to find a self-consistent solution for the shapes of the interfaces between spheroids, and for the interior gravitational potential. The external free-space potential, expressed as a multipole expansion, emerges as part of the self-consistent solution. The procedure is both simpler and more precise than perturbation methods. One can choose the distribution and mass densities of the concentric spheroids so as to reproduce a prescribed barotrope to a specified accuracy. I demonstrate the method's efficacy by comparing its results with several published test cases.
Results of metallographic analysis of the QUENCH-20 bundle with B4C absorber
Creators: name: Stuckert, Juri
name: Peters, U.
name: Stegmaier, Ulrike
name: Steinbrück, Martin
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2022
Subjects: BWR test bundle
cladding oxidation
eutectic melt relocation
reflood
temperature escalation

description: Experiment QUENCH-20 with BWR geometry simulation bundle was conducted at KIT on 9th October 2019 in the framework of the international SAFEST project. The test bundle mock-up represented one quarter of a BWR fuel assembly with 24 electrically heated fuel rod simulators and two B4C control blades. The rod simulators were filled with Kr to inner pressure of 5.5 bar at peak cladding temperature of 900 K. The pre-oxidation stage in the flowing gas mixture of steam and argon (each 3 g/s) and system pressure of 2 bar lasted 4 hours at the peak cladding temperature of 1250 K. During the following transient stage, the bundle was heated to a maximal temperature of 2000 K. The cladding radial extensions and failures due to inner overpressure (about 4 bar) were observed at temperature about 1700 K and lasted about 200 s. During the period of rod failures also the first absorber melt relocation accompanied by shroud failure were registered. The interaction of B4C with steel blade and ZIRLO channel box was observed at elevations 650…950 mm with formation of eutectic melt. The typical components of this melt are (Fe, Cr) borides and ZrB2 precipitated in steel or in Zr-steel eutectic melt. Massive absorber melt relocation was observed 50 s before the end of transition stage. Small fragments of the absorber melt moved down to the elevation of 50 mm. The test was terminated with the quench water injected with a flow rate of 50 g/s from the bundle bottom. Fast temperature escalation from 2000 to 2300 K during 20 s was observed. As result, the metal part (prior β-Zr) of claddings between 550 and 950 mm was melted, partially released into space between rods and partially relocated in the gap between pellet and outer oxide layer to 450 mm. The bundle elevations 850 and 750 mm are mostly oxidized with average cladding ECR 33%.