cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Segmentation with mixed supervision: Confidence maximization helps knowledge distillation
Creators: name: Liu, Bingyuan
name: Desrosiers, Christian
name: Ayed, Ismail Ben
name: Dolz, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite achieving promising results in a breadth of medical image segmentation tasks, deep neural networks require large training datasets with pixel-wise annotations. Obtaining these curated datasets is a cumbersome process which limits the applicability in scenarios. Mixed supervision is an appealing alternative for mitigating this obstacle. In this work, we propose a dual-branch architecture, where the upper branch (teacher) receives strong annotations, while the bottom one (student) is driven by limited supervision and guided by the upper branch. Combined with a standard cross-entropy loss over the labeled pixels, our novel formulation integrates two important terms: (i) a Shannon entropy loss defined over the less-supervised images, which encourages confident student predictions in the bottom branch; and (ii) a KL divergence term, which transfers the knowledge (i.e., predictions) of the strongly supervised branch to the less-supervised branch and guides the entropy (student-confidence) term to avoid trivial solutions. We show that the synergy between the entropy and KL divergence yields substantial improvements in performance. We also discuss an interesting link between Shannon-entropy minimization and standard pseudo-mask generation, and argue that the former should be preferred over the latter for leveraging information from unlabeled pixels. We evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed formulation through a series of quantitative and qualitative experiments using two publicly available datasets. Results demonstrate that our method significantly outperforms other strategies for semantic segmentation within a mixed-supervision framework, as well as recent semi-supervised approaches. Our code is publicly available: https://github.com/by-liu/ConfKD.
description: To be published at Medical Image Analysis (Volume 83, January 2023). Code: https://github.com/by-liu/ConfKD. Note: this article is a journal extension of our paper in IPMI 2021 arXiv:2012.08051
title: Ueber den Geist des Alterthums, und dessen Bedeutung für unser Zeitalter; 1805
title: [Eine Antrittrsrede gehalten auf der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität zu Landshut den 10ten Junius 1805 ; Nebst dem Plane zur Einrichtung eines philologischen Seminariums in Landshut]
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Ast, Friedrich
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2005

description: Informationsquelle für den Zusatz zum HST: Umschlag
Purism - The inconceivability of inconsistency within space as the basis of logic
Creators: name: * Primus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 220308 Logic
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Philosophy

description: I propose that an irreducible property of physical space — consistency — is the origin of logic. I propose that an inconsistent space is inconceivable and that this inconceivability can be recognized as the force behind logical propositions. The implications of this argument are briefly explored and then applied to address two paradoxes: Zeno of Elea’s paradox regarding the race between Achilles and the Tortoise, and Lewis Carroll’s paradox regarding the Tortoise’s conversation with Achilles after the race. I conclude that Achilles would have won on both accounts, in the race and the argument, by invoking the consistency of space as the foundation of both movement across space and logical argument. 
From the Center in the Middle: Working Tambura Bands and the Construction of the In Between in Croatia and its Intimates
Creators: name: MacMillen, Ian
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Music
East Europeans

description: In November 2009, Croatian pop singer Miroslav Škoro performed in front of some twenty thousand fans at Arena Zagreb, the capital city's much lauded new sports hall. This was the second largest audience drawn by a Croatian act since the hall's opening the previous December, I a testament to Škoro's continuing status as one of Croatia's most popular patriotic performers (as well as television star and, in recent years, politician and record mogul). Aside from the notably large attendance, the concert in Zagreb was of particular significance to Škoro for its timing: held on the twentieth day of November, his performance celebrated twenty years' work in the music industry as a professional singer and songwriter. Accompanied by his band (on backup vocals, tenor saxophone, acoustic and electric guitars, keyboard, drums, and electric bass) and a number of guest musicians from past projects and from his family, Škoro performed repertoire from throughout his career and thereby commemorated his twenty years of hit songs and his many musical collaborations with these and other musicians. In this article, I examine recent economic strategies and difficulties of Croatia-based semiprofessional tambura bands in light of their relations with musical celebrities such as Skoro and with Croat fans in both domestic and international contexts. Drawing on fieldwork conducted with numerous bands at rehearsals and concerts between 2007 and 2011, I situate their present endeavors and concerns in a deeper historical context, focusing especially on musical trends and economic changes (and their continuing role in musicians' discourses on the state) since Croatia's secession from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1991.5 I argue that the circulation of tambura music and mobility of ensembles in foreign extensions of the Croatian tambura scene have become integral to the current social positioning of Croatia as both occupying an economically and culturally intermediary position (in relation to its more "Balkan" and "European" neighbors) and constituting a musical center (related constructs that I explicate below). I further analyze the commercial limitations that working tambura bands face in establishing their music within Croatian popular culture and examine the impact of these conditions on the construction of a Croatian tambura "sound:'
Dark Matter search in dwarf irregular galaxies with the Fermi Large Area Telescope
Creators: name: Gammaldi, V.
name: Pérez-Romero, J.
name: Coronado-Blázquez, J.
name: Di Mauro, M.
name: Karukes, E. V.
name: Sánchez-Conde, M. A.
name: Salucci, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze 11 years of Fermi-LAT data corresponding to the sky regions of 7 dwarf irregular (dIrr) galaxies. DIrrs are dark matter (DM) dominated systems, proposed as interesting targets for the indirect search of DM with gamma rays. The galaxies represent interesting cases with a strong disagreement between the density profiles (core vs. cusp) inferred from observations and numerical simulations. In this work, we addressed the problem by considering two different DM profiles, based on both the fit to the rotation curve (in this case a Burkert cored profile) and results from N-body cosmological simulations (i.e., NFW cuspy profile). We also include halo substructures in our analysis, which is expected to boost the DM signal a factor of ten in halos such as those of dIrrs. For each DM model and dIrr, we create a spatial template of the expected DM-induced gamma-ray signal to be used in the analysis of Fermi-LAT data. No significant emission is detected from any of the targets in our sample. Thus, we compute upper limits on the DM annihilation cross-section versus mass parameter space. Among the 7 dIrrs, we find IC10 and NGC6822 to yield the most stringent individual constraints, independently of the adopted DM profile. We also produce combined DM limits for all objects in the sample, which turn out to be dominated by IC10 for all DM models and annihilation channels, i.e. $b\bar{b}$, $τ^+τ^-$ and $W^+W^-$. The strongest constraints are obtained for $b\bar{b}$ and are at the level of $\langleσv \rangle \sim 7 \times 10^{-26}\text{cm}^{3}\text{s}^{-1}$ at $m_χ\sim 6$ GeV. Though these limits are a factor of 3 higher than the thermal relic cross section at low WIMP masses, they are independent from and complementary to those obtained by means of other targets.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for Publication in PRD
New insights into the dust formation of oxygen-rich AGB stars
Creators: name: Karovicova, I.
name: Wittkowski, M.
name: Ohnaka, K.
name: Boboltz, D. A.
name: Fossat, E.
name: Scholz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed the AGB stars S Ori, GX Mon and R Cnc with the MIDI instrument at the VLTI. We compared the data to radiative transfer models of the dust shells, where the central stellar intensity profiles were described by dust-free dynamic model atmospheres. We used Al2O3 and warm silicate grains. Our S Ori and R Cnc data could be well described by an Al2O3 dust shell alone, and our GX Mon data by a mix of an Al2O3 and a silicate shell. The best-fit parameters for S Ori and R Cnc included photospheric angular diameters Theta(Phot) of 9.7+/-1.0mas and 12.3+/-1.0mas, optical depths tau(V)(Al2O3) of 1.5+/-0.5 and 1.35+/-0.2, and inner radii R(in) of 1.9+/-0.3R(Phot) and 2.2+/-0.3R(Phot), respectively. Best-fit parameters for GX Mon were Theta(Phot)=8.7+/-1.3mas, tau(V)(Al2O3)=1.9+/-0.6, R(in)(Al2O3)=2.1+/-0.3R(Phot), tau(V)(silicate)=3.2+/-0.5, and R(in)(silicate)=4.6+/-0.2R(Phot). Our model fits constrain the chemical composition and the inner boundary radii of the dust shells, as well as the photospheric angular diameters. Our interferometric results are consistent with Al2O3 grains condensing close to the stellar surface at about 2 stellar radii, co-located with the extended atmosphere and SiO maser emission, and warm silicate grains at larger distances of about 4--5 stellar radii. We verified that the number densities of aluminum can match that of the best-fit Al2O3 dust shell near the inner dust radius in sufficiently extended atmospheres, confirming that Al2O3 grains can be seed particles for the further dust condensation. Together with literature data of the mass-loss rates, our sample is consistent with a hypothesis that stars with low mass-loss rates form primarily dust that preserves the spectral properties of Al2O3, and stars with higher mass-loss rate form dust with properties of warm silicates.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures
The Effect of Structural Conformational Changes on Charge Transfer States in a Light-Harvesting Carotenoid-diaryl-Porphyrin-C60 Molecular Triad
Creators: name: Olguin, Marco
name: Zope, Rajendra R.
name: Baruah, Tunna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of charge transfer (CT) excited states for a large number of structural conformations in a light-harvesting Carotenoid-diaryl-Porphyrin-C60 (CPC60) molecular triad. The molecular triad undergoes a photoinduced charge transfer process exhibiting a large excited state dipole moment, making it suitable for application to molecular-scale opto-electronic devices. An important consideration is that the conformational flexibility of the CPC 60 triad impacts its dynamics in solvents. Since experimentally measured dipole moments for the triad of ~110 Debye (D) and ~160 Debye strongly indicate a range in conformational variability for the triad in the excited state, studying the effect of conformational changes on the CT excited state energetics furthers the understanding of its charge transfer states. We have calculated the lowest CT excited state energies for a series of 14 triad conformers, where the structural conformations were generated by incrementally scanning a 360 degree torsional (dihedral) twist at the C60-porhyrin linkage and the porphyrin-carotenoid linkage. Additionally, five different CPC60 conformations were studied to determine the effect of pi-conjugation and particle-hole Coulombic attraction on the CT excitation energies. Our calculations show that structural conformational changes in the triad show a variation of ~0.4 eV in CT excited state energies in the gas-phase. The corresponding calculated excited state dipoles show a range of 88 D - 188 D.
Revista La Universidad
Creators: name: Revista La Universidad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Investigación
Órgano científico
Revista Científica

description: La Revista La Universidad, de la Universidad de El Salvador, es un órgano científico-sociocultural que se fundó en el año 1875 bajo la dirección del Dr. Esteban Castro, lo que la convierte en la primera revista de El Salvador. Esta revista tiene dos grandes propósitos, en  primer  lugar, contribuir al establecimiento de una cultura académica que genere diálogos académicos y críticos sobre la realidad salvadoreña, centroamericana y latinoamericana, y en segundo lugar, conformar una red intelectual nacional e internacional para lograr una colaboración recíproca en beneficio del avance de la ciencia, así como mayor divulgación de conocimiento producido en nuestra revista.
Collider Searches for Dark Matter through the Higgs Lens
Creators: name: Argyropoulos, Spyros
name: Brandt, Oleg
name: Haisch, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite the fact that dark matter constitutes one of the cornerstones of the standard cosmological paradigm, its existence has so far only been inferred from astronomical observations and its microscopic nature remains elusive. Theoretical arguments suggest that dark matter might be connected to the symmetry-breaking mechanism of the electroweak interactions or of other symmetries extending the Standard Model of particle physics. The resulting Higgs bosons, including the $125 \, {\rm GeV}$ spin-0 particle discovered recently at the Large Hadron Collider therefore represent a unique tool to search for dark matter candidates at collider experiments. This article reviews some of the relevant theoretical models as well as the results from the searches for dark matter in signatures that involve a Higgs-like particle at the Large Hadron Collider.
description: 58 pages, 26 figures, 1 table; v4: relic density constraints in figure 3 corrected; thanks to Ennio Salvioni for spotting the mistake
Conformation of Guanosine Cytidine 3',5'-Monophosphate (GpC)
Creators: name: Stellman, Steven D.
name: Hingerty, B.
name: Broyde, S. B.
name: Subramanian, E.
name: Sato, T.
name: Langridge, R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Microchemistry
subject: Polymers

description: A brief communication of preliminary results of solution of dinucleoside phosphate GpC.
High resolution coherent population trapping on a single hole spin in a semiconductor
Creators: name: Houel, Julien
name: Prechtel, Jonathan H.
name: Brunner, Daniel
name: Kuklewicz, Christopher E.
name: Gerardot, Brian D.
name: Stoltz, Nick G.
name: Petroff, Pierre M.
name: Warburton, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report high resolution coherent population trapping on a single hole spin in a semiconductor quantum dot. The absorption dip signifying the formation of a dark state exhibits an atomic physics-like dip width of just 10 MHz. We observe fluctuations in the absolute frequency of the absorption dip, evidence of very slow spin dephasing. We identify this process as charge noise by, first, demonstrating that the hole spin g-factor in this configuration (in-plane magnetic field) is strongly dependent on the vertical electric field, and second, by characterizing the charge noise through its effects on the optical transition frequency. An important conclusion is that charge noise is an important hole spin dephasing process.
Semiclassical gravity with a conformally covariant field in globally hyperbolic spacetimes
Creators: name: Juárez-Aubry, Benito A.
name: Modak, Sujoy K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that semiclassical gravity in conformally static, globally hyperbolic spacetimes with a massless, conformally coupled Klein-Gordon field is well posed, when viewed as a coupled theory for the dynamical conformal factor of the metric and the Klein-Gordon theory. Namely, it admits unique and stable solutions whenever constrained fourth-order initial data for the conformal factor and suitably defined Hadamard initial data for the Klein-Gordon state are provided on a spacelike Cauchy surface. As no spacetime symmetries are imposed on the conformal factor, the present result implies that, provided constrained initial data exists, there also exist exact solutions to the semiclassical gravity equations beyond the isotropic, homogeneous or static cases.
description: 15 pages
Women, Minorities, and Non-Union Workers Continue to Dominate Low-Wage Markets, and Experience Job Insecurity and Limited Upward Mobility
Creators: name: Lin, Ken-Hou
name: Aragão, Carolina
name: Cobb, J. Adam
Publisher: name: University of Texas at Austin Population Research Center
Year: 2020
Subjects: low-wage markets
job insecurity

description: Work plays a central role in American life and forms the core of most adults’ identity. Yet, since the 1970s, employment conditions for a large segment of the population has deteriorated and low-wage work has expanded significantly. As part of an on-going research project exploring the relationship between work, job quality and upward mobility, PRC faculty research associate Ken-Hou Lin, graduate research trainee Carolina Aragão, and Adam Cobb from the McCombs School of Business provide an overview of the low-wage labor market in the United States. They find that gender, race/ethnicity, and immigration status characteristics typically associated with broader disadvantages are also associated with low-wage work, job insecurity, and lack of upward mobility.
3C273 variability at 7 mm: Evidences of shocks and precession in the jet
Creators: name: Beaklini, Pedro Paulo B.
name: Abraham, Zulema
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report 4 years of observations of 3C273 at 7 mm obtained with the Itapetinga Radiotelescope, in Brazil, between 2009 and 2013. We detected a flare in 2010 March, when the flux density increased by 50% and reached 35 Jy. After the flare, the flux density started to decrease and reached values lower than 10 Jy. We suggest that the 7 mm flare is the radio counterpart of the $γ$-ray flare observed by Fermi/LAT in 2009 September, in which the flux density at high energies reached a factor of fifty of its average value. A delay of 170 days between the radio and $γ$-ray flares was revealed using the Discrete Correlation Function (DCF) that can be interpreted in the context of a shock model, in which each flare corresponds to the formation of a compact superluminal component that expands and becomes optically thin at radio frequencies at latter epochs. The difference in flare intensity between frequencies and at a different times, is explained as a consequence of an increase in the Doppler factor $δ$, as predicted by the 16 year precession model proposed by Abraham & Romero, which has a large effect on boosting at high frequencies while does not affect too much the observed optically thick radio emission. We discuss other observable effects of the variation in $δ$, as the increase in the formation rate of superluminal components, the variations in the time delay between flares and the periodic behaviour of the radio light curve that we found compatible with changes in the Doppler factor.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
On the support designs of extremal binary doubly even self-dual codes
Creators: name: Horiguchi, Naoyuki
name: Miezaki, Tsuyoshi
name: Nakasora, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 94B05 (Primary) 05B05 (Secondary)

description: Let D be the support design of the minimum weight of an extremal binary doubly even self-dual [24m,12m,4m+4] code. In this note, we consider the case when D becomes a t-design with t \geq 6.
description: 8 pages
Residential Relocation by Older Adults in Response to Incident Cardiovascular Health Events: A Case-Crossover Analysis
Creators: name: Lovasi, Gina Schellenbaum
name: Richardson, John M.
name: Rodriguez, Carlos J.
name: Kop, Willem J.
name: Ahmed, Ali
name: Brown, Arleen F.
name: Greenlee, Heather
name: Siscovick, David S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Epidemiology
Public health
Aging

description: We use a case-crossover analysis to explore the association between incident cardiovascular events and residential relocation to a new home address. Methods. We conducted an ambidirectional case-crossover analysis to explore the association between incident cardiovascular events and residential relocation to a new address using data from the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), a community-based prospective cohort study of 5,888 older adults from four U.S. sites beginning in 1989. Relocation was assessed twice a year during follow-up. Event occurrences were classified as present or absent for the period preceding the first reported move, as compared with an equal length of time immediately prior to and following this period. Results. Older adults (65+) that experience incident cardiovascular disease had an increased probability of reporting a change of residence during the following year (OR 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.2–2.1). Clinical conditions associated with relocation included stroke (OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.2–3.3), angina (OR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.0–2.6), and congestive heart failure (OR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.0–2.1). Conclusions. Major incident cardiovascular disease may increase the probability of residential relocation in older adults. Case-crossover analyses represent an opportunity to investigate triggering events, but finer temporal resolution would be crucial for future research on residential relocations.
The A and B conformations of DNA and RNA subunits. Potential energy calculations for dGpdC
Creators: name: Broyde, Suse B.
name: Stellman, Steven D.
name: Wartell, Roger M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1975
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In order to obtain a molecular picture of the A and B forms of a DNA subunit, potential energy calculations have been made for dGpdC with C(3′)-endo and C(2′)-endo [or C(3′)-exo] sugar puckerings. These are compared with results for GpC. The global minima for dGpdC and GpC are almost identical. They are like A-form duplex DNA and RNA, respectively, with bases anti, the ω′, ω angle pair near 300°, 280°, and sugar pucker C(3′)-endo. For dGpdC, a B-form helical conformer, with sugar pucker C(2′)-endo and ω′ = 257°, ω = 298°, is found only 0.4 kcal/mol above the global minimum. A second low-energy conformation (2.3 kcal/mol) has ω′ = 263°, ω = 158° and ψ near 180°. This has dihedral angles like the original Watson–Crick model of the double helix. In contrast, for GpC, the C(2′)-endo B form is 6.9 kcal/mol above the global minimum. These theoretical results are consistent with experimental studies on DNA and RNA fibers. DNA fibers exist in both A and B forms, while RNA fibers generally assume only the A form. A low-energy conformation unlike the A or B forms was found for both dGpdC and GpC when the sugars were C(3′)-endo. This conformation—ω′,ω near 20°,80°—was not observed for C(2′)-endo dGpdC. Energy surface maps in the ω′,ω plane showed that C(2′)-endo dGpdC has one low-energy valley. It is in the B-form helical region (ω′ ∼ 260°, ω ∼ 300). When the sugar pucker is C(3′)-endo, dGpdC has two low-energy regions: the A-form helical region and the region with the minimum at ω′ = 16°, ω = 85°.
Constraining cosmological phase transitions with the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao
name: Bian, Ligong
name: Shu, Jing
name: Yuan, Qiang
name: Zhu, Xingjiang
name: Bhat, N. D. Ramesh
name: Dai, Shi
name: Feng, Yi
name: Goncharov, Boris
name: Hobbs, George
name: Howard, Eric
name: Manchester, Richard N.
name: Russell, Christopher J.
name: Reardon, Daniel J.
name: Shannon, Ryan M.
name: Spiewak, Renée
name: Thyagarajan, Nithyanandan
name: Wang, Jingbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A cosmological first-order phase transition is expected to produce a stochastic gravitational wave background. If the phase transition temperature is on the MeV scale, the power spectrum of the induced stochastic gravitational waves peaks around nanohertz frequencies, and can thus be probed with high-precision pulsar timing observations. We search for such a stochastic gravitational wave background with the latest data set of the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array. We find no evidence for a Hellings-Downs spatial correlation as expected for a stochastic gravitational wave background. Therefore, we present constraints on first-order phase transition model parameters. Our analysis shows that pulsar timing is particularly sensitive to the low-temperature ($T \sim 1 - 100$ MeV) phase transition with a duration $(β/H_*)^{-1}\sim 10^{-2}-10^{-1}$ and therefore can be used to constrain the dark and QCD phase transitions.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Comprehending heavy charmonia and their decays by hadron loop effects
Creators: name: Zhou, Zhi-Yong
name: Xiao, Zhiguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present that including the hadron loop effects could help us to understand the spectrum of the heavier charmonium-like states and their decays simultaneously. The observed states could be represented by the poles on the complex energy plane. By coupling to the opened thresholds, the pole positions are shifted from the bare states predicted in the quenched potential model to the complex energy plane. The pole masses are generally pulled down from the bare masses and the open-charm decay widths are related to the imaginary parts of the pole positions. Moreover, we also analyze the pole trajectory of the $χ_{c1}(2P)$ state while the quark pair production rate from the vacuum changes in its uncertainty region, which indicates that the enigmatic X(3872) state may be regarded as a $1^{++}$ $c\bar{c}$ charmonium-dominated state dressed by the hadron loops as the others.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables
Updated constraints from the PLANCK experiment on modified gravity
Creators: name: Marchini, Andrea
name: Salvatelli, Valentina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A modification of the action of the general relativity produces a different pattern for the growth of the cosmic structures below a certain length-scale leaving an imprint on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies. We re-examine the upper limits on the length-scale parameter B0 of f (R) models using the recent data from the Planck satellite experiment. We also investigate the combined constraints obtained when including the Hubble Space Telescope H0 measurement and the baryon acoustic oscillations measurements from the SDSS, WiggleZ and BOSS surveys.
description: submitted to PRD on 5/17/2013 and accepted for publication
Joking Matters: Politics and Dissimulation in Castiglione's Book of the Courtier
Creators: name: Cavallo, Jo Ann
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Literature

description: The Book of the Courtier outwardly portrays an aura of cordial solidarity as courtiers gathered in Urbino from various regions of Italy attempt to describe the ideal courtier; recently, however, critics have uncovered tensions on various fronts which threaten to expose deep rifts under the elegant courtly veneer. While these "counter" readings have focused primarily on the courtier's relation to the prince and to other courtiers, this essay aims to explore conflicts that arise from the different regional and political affiliations of the group. In particular, I argue that the largely ignored section on joke-telling teaches courtiers how to give vent to their animosity under the cover of humor and dissimulation.
Evolution of Superatomic-Charge-density-wave and Superconductivity under Pressure in AuTe$_2$Se$_{4/3}$
Creators: name: Chen, Xu
name: Fei, Ge
name: Song, Yanpeng
name: Ying, Tianping
name: Huang, Dajian
name: Pan, Bingying
name: Yang, Xiaofan
name: Chen, Keyu
name: Zhan, Xinhui
name: Wang, Junjie
name: Gou, Huiyang
name: Chen, Xin
name: Li, Shiyan
name: Cheng, Jinguang
name: Liu, Xiaobing
name: Hosono, Hideo
name: Guo, Jian-gang
name: Chen, Xiaolong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superatomic crystal is a class of hierarchical materials composed of atomically precise clusters assembled via van der Waals or covalent-like interactions. AuTe$_2$Se$_{4/3}$, an all-inorganic superatomic superconductor exhibiting superatomic-charge-density-wave (S-CDW), provides a first platform to study the response of their collectively quantum phenomenon to the external pressure in superatomic crystals. We reveal a competition between S-CDW and superconductivity using cutting-edge measurements on thin flakes at low pressures. Prominently, the pressure modulation of S-CDW ordering is 1$\sim$2 order of magnitudes (0.1 GPa) lower than that of conventional atomic superconductors. As pressure increases to 2.5 GPa, the $T_{\mathrm{CDW}}$ is suppressed and the superconducting transition temperature ($T_{\mathrm{c}}$) is firstly enhanced, and reaches the maximum then quenches with increasing pressure. Above 7.3 GPa, a second superconducting phase emerges, and then a three-fold enhancement in the transition temperature ($T_{\mathrm{c}}$) happens. Analyses of the crystal structure and theoretical calculations suggest a pressure-mediated switch of the conduction channel from the $a$- to the $b$-axis occur, followed by a dimensional crossover of conductivity and the Fermi surface from 2D to 3D.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Preparing Students for College Learning and Work: Investigating the Capstone Course Component of Virginia's College and Career Readiness Initiative
Creators: name: Wathington, Heather D.
name: Barnett, Elisabeth
name: Fay, Margaret
name: Mitchell, Claire
name: Pretlow, Joshua
name: Bork, Rachel Julia Hare
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: The authors investigated the design and implementation of the capstone courses that are part of Virginia’s College and Career Readiness Initiative. Based on a set of performance expectations for college readiness, two capstone courses — one in English and one in mathematics — were developed to help support high school juniors and seniors who intend to enroll in college but are at risk of placing into developmental education. The courses were piloted in more than 20 high schools across Virginia during the 2011–12 academic year. To better understand the pilot year of the capstone courses in Virginia, NCPR partnered with the Virginia Department of Education to document the implementation of the courses. Researchers interviewed stakeholders at the state, school division, and school levels, as well as the creators of the curricula at four partnering institutions of higher education. They also visited several high schools and school divisions involved in implementing the capstone courses to understand how the curricula were being used and to learn more about course content and pedagogy. As a result, the authors identified issues that practitioners should consider as the capstone course initiative expands and implications for researchers investigating capstone courses.
Non-Minimal Braneworld Inflation after the Planck
Creators: name: Nozari, Kourosh
name: Rashidi, Narges
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently released Planck data have constrained 4-dimensional inflationary parameters even more accurately than ever. We consider an extension of the braneworld model with induced gravity and a non-minimally coupled scalar field on the brane. We constraint the inflation parameters in this setup, by adopting six types of potential, in confrontation with the joint Planck+WMAP9+BAO data. We show that a potential of the type $V(φ)=V_{0}\exp(-βφ)$ has the best fit with newly released observational data.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Development, Discouragement, or Diversion? New Evidence on the Effects of College Remediation
Creators: name: Scott-Clayton, Judith E.
name: Rodríguez, Olga
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: Half of all college students take at least one remedial course as part of their postsecondary experience, despite mixed evidence on the effectiveness of this intervention. Using a regression-discontinuity design with data from a large urban community college system, we extend the research on remediation in three ways. First, we articulate three alternative models of remediation to help guide interpretation of sometimes conflicting results in the literature. Second, in addition to credits and degree completion we examine several under-explored outcomes, including the initial decision to enroll, grades in subsequent college courses, and post-treatment proficiency test scores. Finally, we exploit rich high school background data to examine heterogeneity in the impact of remedial assignment by predicted academic risk. We find that remediation does little to develop students’ skills. But we also find relatively little evidence that it discourages either initial enrollment or persistence, except for a subgroup we identify as potentially mis-assigned to remediation. Instead, the primary effect of remediation appears to be diversionary: students simply take remedial courses instead of college-level courses. These diversionary effects are largest for the lowest-risk students. Implications for remediation policy are discussed.
DIDÁCTICA DEL DERECHO EN TIEMPOS DE INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL: ESTÁNDARES Y ESTRATEGIA PARA UNA IMPLEMENTACIÓN ÉTICA, TRANSPARENTE Y RESPONSABLE" PROYECTO I+D: CIP 2022015
Creators: name: Finol Romero, Lorayne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Inteligencia Artificial en contextos universitarios: ¿Por qué?
An Exchange-Based Diagnostic for Static Correlation
Creators: name: Martin, Jan M. L.
name: Santra, Golokesh
name: Semidalas, Emmanouil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose here a DFT-based diagnostic for static correlation %TAEX[TPSS@HF - HF] which effectively measures how different the DFT and HF exchange energies for a given HF density are. This and %TAEcorr[TPSS] are two cost-effective a priori estimates for the adequacy of the importance of static correlation. %TAEX[TPSS@HF - HF] contains nearly the same information as the earlier A diagnostic, but may be more intuitive to understand. Principal component and variable clustering analysis of a large number of static correlation diagnostics reveals much of the variation is explained by just two components, and almost all of it by four; these are blocked by four variable clusters (single excitations; correlation entropy; double excitations; pragmatic energetics).
description: 5 pages, AIP Conference Proceedings, in press (ICCMSE-2021)
Quantifying Observational Projection Effects Using Molecular Cloud Simulations
Creators: name: Beaumont, Christopher N.
name: Offner, Stella S. R.
name: Shetty, Rahul
name: Glover, Simon C. O.
name: Goodman, Alyssa A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physical properties of molecular clouds are often measured using spectral-line observations, which provide the only probes of the clouds' velocity structure. It is hard, though, to assess whether and to what extent intensity features in position-position-velocity (PPV) space correspond to "real" density structures in position-position-position (PPP) space. In this paper, we create synthetic molecular cloud spectral-line maps of simulated molecular clouds, and present a new technique for measuring the reality of individual PPV structures. Our procedure projects density structures identified in PPP space into corresponding intensity structures in PPV space and then measures the geometric overlap of the projected structures with structures identified from the synthetic observation. The fractional overlap between a PPP and PPV structure quantifies how well the synthetic observation recovers information about the 3D structure. Applying this machinery to a set of synthetic observations of CO isotopes, we measure how well spectral-line measurements recover mass, size, velocity dispersion, and virial parameter for a simulated star-forming region. By disabling various steps of our analysis, we investigate how much opacity, chemistry, and gravity affect measurements of physical properties extracted from PPV cubes. For the simulations used here, our results suggest that superposition induces a ~40% uncertainty in masses, sizes, and velocity dispersions derived from 13CO. The virial parameter is most affected by superposition, such that estimates of the virial parameter derived from PPV and PPP information typically disagree by a factor of ~2. This uncertainty makes it particularly difficult to judge whether gravitational or kinetic energy dominate a given region, since the majority of virial parameter measurements fall within a factor of 2 of the equipartition level alpha ~ 2.
description: 25 pages, 22 figures, ApJ in press
The Politics of Performance Funding in Eight States: Origins, Demise, and Change
Creators: name: Dougherty, Kevin J.
name: Natow, Rebecca Spiro
name: Bork, Rachel Julia Hare
name: Jones, Sosanya M.
name: Vega, Blanca Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: Despite the popularity of performance funding among policymakers, only half of all states have ever created a performance funding system for higher education, and these performance funding systems have been surprisingly unstable. Nearly half of the states that established performance funding systems education eventually discontinued these systems. This report examines the political forces that shaped performance funding policies in eight states. The report begins by contrasting the experiences of six states that established performance funding (Florida, Illinois, Missouri, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Washington) with two states that did not (California and Nevada). Second, the report analyzes the demise of performance funding in four states: Washington, Illinois, Missouri, and Florida. Finally, the report examines how and why two performance funding systems that have lasted to this day―in Tennessee and Florida―have changed over time. In conclusion, the report draws evidence-based recommendations for policymakers.
Scalable, physics-aware 6D pose estimation for robot manipulation
Creators: name: Mitash, Chaitanya
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: Robot Manipulation often depend on some form of pose estimation to represent the state of the world and allow decision making both at the task-level and for motion or grasp planning. Recent progress in deep learning gives hope for a pose estimation solution that could generalize over textured and texture-less objects, objects with or without distinctive shape properties, and under different lighting conditions and clutter scenarios. Nevertheless, it gives rise to a new set of challenges such as the painful task of acquiring large-scale labeled training datasets and of dealing with their stochastic output over unforeseen scenarios that are not captured by the training. This restricts the scalability of such pose estimation solutions in robot manipulation tasks that often deal with a variety of objects and changing environments.The thesis first describes an automatic data generation and learning framework to address the scalability challenge. Learning is bootstrapped by generating labeled data via physics simulation and rendering. Then it self-improves over time by acquiring and labeling real-world images via a search-based pose estimation process. The thesis proposes algorithms to generate and validate object poses online based on the objects’ geometry and based on the physical consistency of their scene-level interactions. These algorithms provide robustness even when there exists a domain gap between the synthetic training and the real test scenarios. Finally, the thesis proposes a manipulation planning framework that goes beyond model-based pose estimation. By utilizing a dynamic object representation, this integrated perception and manipulation framework can efficiently solve the task of picking unknown objects and placing them in a constrained space.The algorithms are evaluated over real-world robot manipulation experiments and over large-scale public datasets. The results indicate the usefulness of physical constraints in both the training and the online estimation phase. Moreover, the proposed framework, while only utilizing simulated data can obtain robust estimation in challenging scenarios such as densely-packed bins and clutter where other approaches suffer as a result of large occlusion and ambiguities due to similar looking texture-less surfaces.
title: Margaretae Nicolai filiae, Abbatissae Vadstenensis, De Sancta Birgitta chronicon; 1844
title: ad fidem codicum mss. editum notisque illustratum
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Margareta Clausdotter
name: Rietz, Johan Ernst
name: Ingelson, Wilhelmus A.
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2006

description: Lund, Univ., Diss. des Hrsg.
Euler-Poincaré equations for $G$-Strands
Creators: name: Holm, Darryl D.
name: Ivanov, Rossen I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $G$-strand equations for a map $\mathbb{R}\times \mathbb{R}$ into a Lie group $G$ are associated to a $G$-invariant Lagrangian. The Lie group manifold is also the configuration space for the Lagrangian. The $G$-strand itself is the map $g(t,s): \mathbb{R}\times \mathbb{R}\to G$, where $t$ and $s$ are the independent variables of the $G$-strand equations. The Euler-Poincaré reduction of the variational principle leads to a formulation where the dependent variables of the $G$-strand equations take values in the corresponding Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ and its co-algebra, $\mathfrak{g}^*$ with respect to the pairing provided by the variational derivatives of the Lagrangian. We review examples of different $G$-strand constructions, including matrix Lie groups and diffeomorphism group. In some cases the $G$-strand equations are completely integrable 1+1 Hamiltonian systems that admit soliton solutions.
description: To appear in Conference Proceedings for Physics and Mathematics of Nonlinear Phenomena, 22 - 29 June 2013, Gallipoli (Italy) http://pmnp2013.dmf.unisalento.it/talks.shtml, 9 pages, no figures
Imperative Programs as Proofs via Game Semantics
Creators: name: Churchill, Martin
name: Laird, Jim
name: McCusker, Guy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68Q55, 03B70, 03F52, 18C50

description: Game semantics extends the Curry-Howard isomorphism to a three-way correspondence: proofs, programs, strategies. But the universe of strategies goes beyond intuitionistic logics and lambda calculus, to capture stateful programs. In this paper we describe a logical counterpart to this extension, in which proofs denote such strategies. The system is expressive: it contains all of the connectives of Intuitionistic Linear Logic, and first-order quantification. Use of Laird's sequoid operator allows proofs with imperative behaviour to be expressed. Thus, we can embed first-order Intuitionistic Linear Logic into this system, Polarized Linear Logic, and an imperative total programming language. The proof system has a tight connection with a simple game model, where games are forests of plays. Formulas are modelled as games, and proofs as history-sensitive winning strategies. We provide a strong full completeness result with respect to this model: each finitary strategy is the denotation of a unique analytic (cut-free) proof. Infinite strategies correspond to analytic proofs that are infinitely deep. Thus, we can normalise proofs, via the semantics.
Does GLPT2 Offer Any Actual Benefit Over Conventional HF-MP2 In the Context of Double-Hybrid Density Functionals?
Creators: name: Santra, Golokesh
name: Martin, Jan M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the inclusion of the nonlocal correlation in fifth rung "double hybrid" functionals is definitely beneficial, one might rightfully ask whether its evaluation in the basis of Kohn-Sham (KS) orbitals has additional value compared to the use of Hartree-Fock reference orbitals (in a type of multilevel scheme). We have investigated this question for a very large and chemically diverse dataset, GMTKN55. We conclude that KS reference orbitals are undoubtedly beneficial, but the benefit is not as large as one might intuitively expect.
description: 4 pages, AIP Conference Proceedings, in press (ICCMSE-2021)