cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Population Genetic Structure of the Dwarf Seahorse (Hippocampus zosterae) in Florida
Creators: name: Fedrizzi, Nathan
name: Stiassny, Melanie L. J.
name: Boehm, J. T.
name: Dougherty, Eric R.
name: Amato, George
name: Mendez, Martin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mitochondrial DNA
subject: Marine biodiversity conservation
subject: Animal population genetics
subject: Phylogeography
subject: Dwarf sea horse
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolution (Biology)
subject: Zoology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biology

description: The dwarf seahorse (Hippocampus zosterae) is widely distributed throughout near-shore habitats of the Gulf of Mexico and is of commercial significance in Florida, where it is harvested for the aquarium and curio trades. Despite its regional importance, the genetic structure of dwarf seahorse populations remains largely unknown. As an aid to ongoing conservation efforts, we employed three commonly applied mtDNA markers (ND4, DLoop and CO1) to investigate the genetic structuring of H. zosterae in Florida using samples collected throughout its range in the state. A total of 1450 bp provided sufficient resolution to delineate four populations of dwarf seahorses, as indicated by significant fixation indices. Despite an overall significant population structure, we observed evidence of interbreeding between individuals from geographically distant sites, supporting the hypothesis that rafting serves to maintain a degree of population connectivity. All individuals collected from Pensacola belong to a single distinct subpopulation, which is highly differentiated from the rest of Floridian dwarf seahorses sampled. Our findings highlight the utility of mtDNA markers in evaluating barriers to gene flow and identifying genetically distinct populations, which are vital to the development of comprehensive conservation strategies for exploited taxa.
Estimating PMTCT's Impact on Heterosexual HIV Transmission: A Mathematical Modeling Analysis
Creators: name: Khanna, Aditya S.
name: Roberts, Sarah T.
name: Cassels, Susan
name: Ying, Roger
name: John-Stewart, Grace
name: Goodreau, Steven M.
name: Baeten, Jared M.
name: Murnane, Pamela M.
name: Celum, Connie
name: Barnabas, Ruanne V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Antiretroviral agents
subject: Pregnancy
subject: HIV (Viruses)--Transmission--Prevention
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Public health
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Introduction
Prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) strategies include combined short-course antiretrovirals during pregnancy (Option A), triple-drug antiretroviral treament (ART) during pregnancy and breastfeeding (Option B), or lifelong ART (Option B+). The WHO also recommends ART for HIV treatment and prevention of sexual transmission of HIV. The impact of PMTCT strategies on prevention of sexual HIV transmission of HIV is not known. We estimated the population-level impact of PMTCT interventions on heterosexual HIV transmission in southwestern Uganda and KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, two regions with different HIV prevalence and fertility rates.
Materials and Methods
We constructed and validated dynamic, stochastic, network-based HIV transmission models for each region. PMTCT Options A, B, and B+ were simulated over ten years under three scenarios: 1) current ART and PMTCT coverage, 2) current ART and high PMTCT coverage, and 3) high ART and PMTCT coverage. We compared adult HIV incidence after ten years of each intervention to Option A (and current ART) at current coverage.
Results
At current coverage, Options B and B+ reduced heterosexual HIV incidence by about 5% and 15%, respectively, in both countries. With current ART and high PMTCT coverage, Option B+ reduced HIV incidence by 35% in Uganda and 19% in South Africa, while Option B had smaller, but meaningful, reductions. The greatest reductions in HIV incidence were achieved with high ART and PMTCT coverage. In this scenario, all PMTCT strategies yielded similar results.
Discussion
Implementation of Options B/B+ reduces adult HIV incidence, with greater effect (relative to Option A at current levels) in Uganda than South Africa. These results are likely driven by Uganda’s higher fertility rates.
title: NUMERICAL APPROXIMATION OF THE GROUND REACTION AND SUPPORT REACTION CURVES FOR UNDERGROUND LIMESTONE MINES
Creators: name: Castillo Gomez, Jesus
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: Pillar stability has been a matter of study for the last 70 years. The determination of pillar strength had taken different solutions and approaches over that time. This research has led to numerous empirical formulations that have reduced the number of pillar failures worldwide. However, new numerical approaches are being studied. In the last 20 years, the Ground Reaction Curve concept has been examined as a way of understanding the convergence of the rock-mass. Although the Ground Reaction Curve was first introduced in the civil tunneling industry, several authors have introduced the Ground Reaction Curve concept as an approach for an integrated pillar design methodology.

Furthermore, the intersection of the Ground Reaction Curve and Support Reaction Curves can be used to determine the appropriate support systems for underground excavations. The man-made support structures (i.e., pumpable cribs, concrete cribs, and wood cribs) in a mine will have a unique Support Reaction Curve. Literature suggests that the pillar structures in underground mines can also be regarded as support structures and their reaction to tributary and or abutment stress can be viewed with respect to the ground reaction curve at the pillar location. In this study, an underground limestone mine was instrumented with borehole pressure cells and roof extensometers. This thesis presents a series of two-dimensional and three-dimensional finite element numerical models that were used to estimate the Ground Reaction Curve and the Support Reaction Curve for a pillar. The numerical models consider the stages of development and benching around the pillar. Numerical results are compared with field measurements of the study case located in northern Kentucky.
description: © 2020 Jesus Castillo Gomez
Associations between Prenatal Exposure to Black Carbon and Memory Domains in Urban Children: Modification by Sex and Prenatal Stress
Creators: name: Cowell, Whitney J.
name: Bellinger, David C.
name: Coull, Brent A.
name: Gennings, Chris
name: Wright, Robert O.
name: Wright, Rosalind J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Prenatal influences
Fetal distress
Neurophysiology
Memory in children
Children--Health risk assessment
Air--Pollution--Health aspects
Epidemiology
Medicine
Public health
Toxicology
Environmental health

description: Background
Whether fetal neurodevelopment is disrupted by traffic-related air pollution is uncertain. Animal studies suggest that chemical and non-chemical stressors interact to impact neurodevelopment, and that this association is further modified by sex.
Objectives
To examine associations between prenatal traffic-related black carbon exposure, prenatal stress, and sex with children’s memory and learning.
Methods
Analyses included N = 258 mother-child dyads enrolled in a Boston, Massachusetts pregnancy cohort. Black carbon exposure was estimated using a validated spatiotemporal land-use regression model. Prenatal stress was measured using the Crisis in Family Systems-Revised survey of negative life events. The Wide Range Assessment of Memory and Learning (WRAML2) was administered at age 6 years; outcomes included the General Memory Index and its component indices [Verbal, Visual, and Attention Concentration]. Relationships between black carbon and WRAML2 index scores were examined using multivariable-adjusted linear regression including effect modification by stress and sex.
Results
Mothers were primarily minorities (60% Hispanic, 26% Black); 67% had ≤12 years of education. The main effect for black carbon was not significant for any WRAML2 index; however, in stratified analyses, among boys with high exposure to prenatal stress, Attention Concentration Index scores were on average 9.5 points lower for those with high compared to low prenatal black carbon exposure (P3-way interaction = 0.04).
Conclusion
The associations between prenatal exposure to black carbon and stress with children’s memory scores were stronger in boys than in girls. Studies assessing complex interactions may more fully characterize health risks and, in particular, identify vulnerable subgroups.
Morphometric variability of neuroimaging features in children with Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum
Creators: name: Neal, Jason Bennett
name: Filippi, Christopher G.
name: Mayeux, Richard Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agenesis of corpus callosum
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background: Agenesis of the corpus callosum (ACC) is a developmental brain malformation associated with a wide spectrum of structural brain abnormalities and genetic loci. To characterize the diverse callosal morphologies and malformations of brain development associated with ACC, we report on the neuroimaging findings of 201 individuals diagnosed with corpus callosal abnormalities. Methods: We searched through medical records of individuals seen at New York Presbyterian Hospital between 2002
and 2013 and thought to have ACC. We confirmed 201 individuals meeting criteria and used magnetic resonance imaging to characterize morphological variants of the corpus callosum and associated brain malformations.
Results: The majority of individuals displayed hypoplasia or dysplasia of the corpus callosum (N = 160, 80 %). Forty-one (20 %) displayed complete agenesis of the corpus callosum with other abnormalities, while only 18 (9 %) displayed complete agenesis without associated brain abnormalities. White matter abnormalities were more frequent in hypoplasia or dysplasia group than complete agenesis (28.2 % vs 9.8 %, p  	< 0.05). In contrast, hippocampal abnormalities, colpocephaly, and Probst bundles were significantly more frequent in complete agenesis compared to hypoplasia or dysplasia group. Conclusions: Collectively, our results underscore the broad diversity of morphological variants of the corpus callosum and associated brain abnormalities in individuals with ACC.
Historical Differences in School Term Length and Measured Blood Pressure: Contributions to Persistent Racial Disparities among US-Born Adults
Creators: name: Liu, Sze Yan
name: Manly, Jennifer J.
name: Capistrant, Benjamin D.
name: Glymour, M. Maria
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Blood pressure
Segregation in education
Hypertension
Race discrimination
School attendance
Epidemiology
Public health
Medicine

description: Introduction
Legally mandated segregation policies dictated significant differences in the educational experiences of black and white Americans through the first half of the 20th century, with markedly lower quality in schools attended by black children. We determined whether school term length, a common marker of school quality, was associated with blood pressure and hypertension among a cohort of older Americans who attended school during the de jure segregation era.
Methods
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I and II data were linked to state level historical information on school term length. We used race and gender-stratified linear regression models adjusted for age, state and year of birth to estimate effects of term length on systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) and hypertension for US-born adults. We also tested whether correcting years of schooling for term length differences attenuated estimated racial disparities.
Results
Among black women, 10% longer school term was associated with lower SBP, DBP and hypertension prevalence (2.1 mmHg, 1.0 mmHg, and 5.0 percentage points respectively). Associations for whites and for black men were not statistically significant. Adjustment for education incorporating corrections for differences in school term length slightly attenuated estimated racial disparities.
Conclusions
Longer school term length predicted better BP outcomes among black women, but not black men or whites.
title: Narrating Waegook identity: building transitory foreign-teacher community through folklore in the Republic of Korea
Creators: name: Roubo, Kelly
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2019

description: With increasing global mobility, itinerant expatriate groups – whether of teachers, retirees, students, or backpackers – constitute transitory folk groups easily overlooked by folklore studies. This thesis is an ethnographic study of a transient folk group of foreign teachers in Suncheon, Republic of Korea, and of how narratives about their experiences inform their sense of identity within that community. My observations of such groups in the Republic of Korea include working as a foreign English teacher in the 1990s, conducting fieldwork as a participant-observer from 2006-2008, and through additional research in 2017-2018 via the Internet. As a former foreign teacher, this work is auto-ethnographic in nature, as my time in Korea has informed not only my approach to this research, but who I am today.
 Alan Dundes famously suggested a folk group may be comprised of as few as two people (1965, 2). Folk groups can also coalesce for brief periods, even the duration of a conversation, wherein the content of narratives facilitates construction of shared identity, as in the “transitory community” of foreign teachers I studied. With little else in common, foreign teachers share narratives – of their work, the challenges they face, and personal experiences of life abroad. This creates bonds and equips them with vernacular knowledge specific to that community. These exchanges develop connective tissue for this transitory community, provide a mechanism for survival in an unfamiliar environment, and help create a sense of belonging in Korea, despite the teachers’ outsider status.
 Esoteric knowledge is employed within the transitory community as a status marker, providing evidence of competence as well as channeling information to those who need it. Additionally, the themes of some narratives reflect feelings of marginalization among people who, as white Westerners, sense a loss of standing and power. This change of status is often contradicted by how they position themselves in their narratives, wherein they present themselves as more competent, worldly, or knowledgeable than Korean counterparts.
Identification of Novel Proteins Co-Purifying with Cockayne Syndrome Group B (CSB) Reveals Potential Roles for CSB in RNA Metabolism and Chromatin Dynamics
Creators: name: Nicolai, Serena
name: Filippi, Silvia
name: Caputo, Manuela
name: Cipak, Lubos
name: Gregan, Juraj
name: Ammerer, Gustav
name: Frontini, Mattia
name: Willems, Daniela
name: Prantera, Giorgio
name: Balajee, Adayabalam S.
name: Proietti-De-Santis, Luca
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Progeria
subject: Nucleotide sequence
subject: Chromatin
subject: RNA--Metabolism
subject: Proteins
subject: Medicine
subject: Pathology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular biology

description: The CSB protein, a member of the SWI/SNF ATP dependent chromatin remodeling family of proteins, plays a role in a sub-pathway of nucleotide excision repair (NER) known as transcription coupled repair (TCR). CSB is frequently mutated in Cockayne syndrome group B, a segmental progeroid human autosomal recessive disease characterized by growth failure and degeneration of multiple organs. Though initially classified as a DNA repair protein, recent studies have demonstrated that the loss of CSB results in pleiotropic effects. Identification of novel proteins belonging to the CSB interactome may be useful not only for predicting the molecular basis for diverse pathological symptoms of CS-B patients but also for unraveling the functions of CSB in addition to its authentic role in DNA repair. In this study, we performed tandem affinity purification (TAP) technology coupled with mass spectrometry and co-immunoprecipitation studies to identify and characterize the proteins that potentially interact with CSB-TAP. Our approach revealed 33 proteins that were not previously known to interact with CSB. These newly identified proteins indicate potential roles for CSB in RNA metabolism involving repression and activation of transcription process and in the maintenance of chromatin dynamics and integrity.
Clyomys Thomas 1916
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Clyomys

description: Clyomys Thomas, 1916. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, 18:300. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410029003000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 586, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
title: M. Johann Andreas Mauersbergers Abgefaßte Rede aus dem Grab Des weiland Durchlauchtigsten Fürsten und Herrn, Herrn George Wilhelms Letzten Hertzogs in Schlesien zu Liegnitz, Brieg und Wohlau; 1736
title: Welcher Anno 1675. den 21. Novembr. zu Brieg höchstseeligst verschieden, und im folgenden Jahr 1676. den 30. Januarii zu Liegnitz in die Fürstliche Grufft beygesetzet, und mit Fürstlichen Ceremonien begraben worden
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Mauersberger, Johann Andreas
name: Georg Wilhelm Liegnitz-Brieg-Wohlau, Herzog
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2014

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Franckfurth, 1736.
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1914-03)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741
subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
Catastrophic shifts and lethal thresholds in a propagating front model of unstable tumour progression
Creators: name: Amor, Daniel R.
name: Solé, Ricard V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Unstable dynamics characterizes the evolution of most solid tumors. Because of an increased failure of maintaining genome integrity, a cumulative increase in the levels of gene mutation and loss is observed. Previous work suggests that instability thresholds to cancer progression exist, defining phase transition phenomena separating tumor-winning scenarios from tumor extinction or coexistence phases. Here we present an integral equation approach to the quasispecies dynamics of unstable cancer. The model exhibits two main phases, characterized by either the success or failure of cancer tissue. Moreover, the model predicts that tumor failure can be due to either a reduced selective advantage over healthy cells or excessive instability. We also derive an approximate, analytical solution that predicts the front speed of aggressive tumor populations on the instability space.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Toward Sustainable Water Purification Using Carbon Electrodes Derived from Intact Plant Tissue and Food Waste
Creators: name: Wood, Adam
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Meeting the water demands of a growing global population is one of the world’s “grand challenges”. To increase freshwater supply, many areas of the world generate drinking water by desalination of brackish water and seawater. In resource-rich regions, technologies such as reverse osmosis and thermal distillation are feasible solutions for desalination. However, the developmentof more cost-effective and energy-efficient technologies remains an important area of research, especially for areas without easy technology access or financial resources, which has led to the development of capacitive deionization (CDI). CDI desalinates a salty feed solution byelectrostatically adsorbing ionic species to a pair of oppositely charged electrodes. When considering that the only essential operating components for CDI are a pair of electrodes and a low-voltage power supply, water desalination in resource-starved environments can be envisioned as a potential practical solution. In this work, we used the intact natural architecture of specificplant-derived and wasted-derived materials to develop freestanding CDI electrodes with ultra-high hydraulic permeability and competitive desalination performances in comparison to common CDI electrodes. Importantly, our plant/waste-derived electrodes did not require additional materials (current collectors, binders, conductive additives) which are typically necessary for common CDIelectrode fabrication. We also developed a sustainable technique for electrode fabrication that does not require the use of common laboratory equipment and that could be deployed in developing countries with low-financial resources. We further expanded the scope of our water purification techniques with waste-derived electrodes to address pathogenic organisms in water. Unfortunately,waterborne diseases are one of the leading causes of death in many developing regions and the development of low-cost disinfection methods that feasible in such regions is highly important. Lastly, we investigated mechanisms of naturally occurring desalination in mangrove plants as a potential avenue to inspire fouling-resistant membranes for reverse osmosis systems. These findings will have impacts in a diversity of areas such as plant biology, desalination, water disinfection, and sustainable engineering.
The SWELLS Survey. VI. hierarchical inference of the initial mass functions of bulges and discs
Creators: name: Brewer, Brendon J.
name: Marshall, Philip J.
name: Auger, Matthew W.
name: Treu, Tommaso
name: Dutton, Aaron A.
name: Barnabè, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The long-standing assumption that the stellar initial mass function (IMF) is universal has recently been challenged by a number of observations. Several studies have shown that a "heavy" IMF (e.g., with a Salpeter-like abundance of low mass stars and thus normalisation) is preferred for massive early-type galaxies, while this IMF is inconsistent with the properties of less massive, later-type galaxies. These discoveries motivate the hypothesis that the IMF may vary (possibly very slightly) across galaxies and across components of individual galaxies (e.g. bulges vs discs). In this paper we use a sample of 19 late-type strong gravitational lenses from the SWELLS survey to investigate the IMFs of the bulges and discs in late-type galaxies. We perform a joint analysis of the galaxies' total masses (constrained by strong gravitational lensing) and stellar masses (constrained by optical and near-infrared colours in the context of a stellar population synthesis [SPS] model, up to an IMF normalisation parameter). Using minimal assumptions apart from the physical constraint that the total stellar mass within any aperture must be less than the total mass within the aperture, we find that the bulges of the galaxies cannot have IMFs heavier (i.e. implying high mass per unit luminosity) than Salpeter, while the disc IMFs are not well constrained by this data set. We also discuss the necessity for hierarchical modelling when combining incomplete information about multiple astronomical objects. This modelling approach allows us to place upper limits on the size of any departures from universality. More data, including spatially resolved kinematics (as in paper V) and stellar population diagnostics over a range of bulge and disc masses, are needed to robustly quantify how the IMF varies within galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 15 pages, 8 figures. Code available at https://github.com/eggplantbren/SWELLS_Hierarchical
Exponential Galaxy Disks from Stellar Scattering
Creators: name: Elmegreen, Bruce G.
name: Struck, Curtis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar scattering off of orbiting or transient clumps is shown to lead to the formation of exponential profiles in both surface density and velocity dispersion in a two-dimensional non-self gravitating stellar disk with a fixed halo potential. The exponential forms for both nearly-flat rotation curves and near-solid body rotation curves. The exponential does not depend on initial conditions, spiral arms, bars, viscosity, star formation, or strong shear. After a rapid initial development, the exponential saturates to an approximately fixed scale length. The inner exponential in a two-component profile has a break radius comparable to the initial disk radius; the outer exponential is primarily scattered stars.
description: ApJ Letters, accepted for publication, 8 pages, 2 figures
Is it possible to obtain reliable estimates for the prevalence of anemia and childhood stunting among children under 5 in the poorest districts in Peru?
Creators: name: Sikov, Anna
name: Cerda-Hernández, José
name: Haro, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62P25, 62F40

description: In this article we describe and apply the Fay-Herriot model with spatially correlated random area effects (Pratesi, M., & Salvati, N. (2008)), in order to predict the prevalence of anemia and childhood stunting in Peruvian districts, based on the data from the Demographic and Family Health Survey of the year 2019, which collects data about anemia and childhood stunting for children under the age of 12 years, and the National Census carried out in 2017. Our main objective is to produce reliable predictions for the districts, where sample sizes are too small to provide good direct estimates, and for the districts, which were not included in the sample. The basic Fay-Herriot model (Fay & Herriot, 1979) tackles this problem by incorporating auxiliary information, which is generally available from administrative or census records. The Fay-Herriot model with spatially correlated random area effects, in addition to auxiliary information, incorporates geographic information about the areas, such as latitude and longitude. This permits modeling spatial autocorrelations, which are not unusual in socioeconomic and health surveys. To evaluate the mean square error of the above-mentioned predictors, we use the parametric bootstrap procedure, developed in Molina et al. (2009).
description: 32 pages, in Spanish language, 8 figures
title: Ernesti Fröhlich Gedanken über die Forcht des Todes; 1765
title: samt einem Anhange an seine Schwester und den Fastenfeind in gebundener Schreibart herausgegeben
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Fröhlich, Ernst
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2014

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Augsburg, Verlegts Matthaeus Rieger, Buchhändler, 1765.
Decentralized Personalized Online Federated Learning
Creators: name: Wu, Renzhi
name: Mitra, Saayan
name: Chen, Xiang
name: Rao, Anup
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Vanilla federated learning does not support learning in an online environment, learning a personalized model on each client, and learning in a decentralized setting. There are existing methods extending federated learning in each of the three aspects. However, some important applications on enterprise edge servers (e.g. online item recommendation at global scale) involve the three aspects at the same time. Therefore, we propose a new learning setting \textit{Decentralized Personalized Online Federated Learning} that considers all the three aspects at the same time. In this new setting for learning, the first technical challenge is how to aggregate the shared model parameters from neighboring clients to obtain a personalized local model with good performance on each client. We propose to directly learn an aggregation by optimizing the performance of the local model with respect to the aggregation weights. This not only improves personalization of each local model but also helps the local model adapting to potential data shift by intelligently incorporating the right amount of information from its neighbors. The second challenge is how to select the neighbors for each client. We propose a peer selection method based on the learned aggregation weights enabling each client to select the most helpful neighbors and reduce communication cost at the same time. We verify the effectiveness and robustness of our proposed method on three real-world item recommendation datasets and one air quality prediction dataset.
UAVs Meet LLMs: Overviews and Perspectives Toward Agentic Low-Altitude Mobility
Creators: name: Tian, Yonglin
name: Lin, Fei
name: Li, Yiduo
name: Zhang, Tengchao
name: Zhang, Qiyao
name: Fu, Xuan
name: Huang, Jun
name: Dai, Xingyuan
name: Wang, Yutong
name: Tian, Chunwei
name: Li, Bai
name: Lv, Yisheng
name: Kovács, Levente
name: Wang, Fei-Yue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Low-altitude mobility, exemplified by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), has introduced transformative advancements across various domains, like transportation, logistics, and agriculture. Leveraging flexible perspectives and rapid maneuverability, UAVs extend traditional systems' perception and action capabilities, garnering widespread attention from academia and industry. However, current UAV operations primarily depend on human control, with only limited autonomy in simple scenarios, and lack the intelligence and adaptability needed for more complex environments and tasks. The emergence of large language models (LLMs) demonstrates remarkable problem-solving and generalization capabilities, offering a promising pathway for advancing UAV intelligence. This paper explores the integration of LLMs and UAVs, beginning with an overview of UAV systems' fundamental components and functionalities, followed by an overview of the state-of-the-art in LLM technology. Subsequently, it systematically highlights the multimodal data resources available for UAVs, which provide critical support for training and evaluation. Furthermore, it categorizes and analyzes key tasks and application scenarios where UAVs and LLMs converge. Finally, a reference roadmap towards agentic UAVs is proposed, aiming to enable UAVs to achieve agentic intelligence through autonomous perception, memory, reasoning, and tool utilization. Related resources are available at https://github.com/Hub-Tian/UAVs_Meet_LLMs.
Processing Color in Astronomical Imagery
Creators: name: Arcand, Kimberly K.
name: Watzke, Megan
name: Rector, Travis
name: Levay, Zoltan G.
name: DePasquale, Joseph
name: Smarr, Olivia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Every year, hundreds of images from telescopes on the ground and in space are released to the public, making their way into popular culture through everything from computer screens to postage stamps. These images span the entire electromagnetic spectrum from radio waves to infrared light to X-rays and gamma rays, a majority of which is undetectable to the human eye without technology. Once these data are collected, one or more specialists must process the data to create an image. Therefore, the creation of astronomical imagery involves a series of choices. How do these choices affect the comprehension of the science behind the images? What is the best way to represent data to a non-expert? Should these choices be based on aesthetics, scientific veracity, or is it possible to satisfy both? This paper reviews just one choice out of the many made by astronomical image processors: color. The choice of color is one of the most fundamental when creating an image taken with modern telescopes. We briefly explore the concept of the image as translation, particularly in the case of astronomical images from invisible portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. After placing modern astronomical imagery and photography in general in the context of its historical beginnings, we review the standards (or lack thereof) in making the basic choice of color. We discuss the possible implications for selecting one color palette over another in the context of the appropriateness of using these images as science communication products with a specific focus on how the non-expert perceives these images and how that affects their trust in science. Finally, we share new data sets that begin to look at these issues in scholarly research and discuss the need for a more robust examination of this and other related topics in the future to better understand the implications for science communications.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, published in Studies in Media and Communication
Widespread Changes in White Matter Microstructure after a Day of Waking and Sleep Deprivation
Creators: name: Elvsåshagen, Torbjørn
name: Norbom, Linn B.
name: Pedersen, Per Ø.
name: Quraishi, Sophia H.
name: Bjørnerud, Atle
name: Malt, Ulrik F.
name: Groote, Inge R.
name: Westlye, Lars T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Diffusion tensor imaging
subject: Drowsiness
subject: Axons
subject: Myelin sheath
subject: Nerve tissue
subject: Sleep deprivation--Physiological effect
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine

description: Background
Elucidating the neurobiological effects of sleep and waking remains an important goal of the neurosciences. Recently, animal studies indicated that sleep is important for cell membrane and myelin maintenance in the brain and that these structures are particularly susceptible to insufficient sleep. Here, we tested the hypothesis that a day of waking and sleep deprivation would be associated with changes in diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) indices of white matter microstructure sensitive to axonal membrane and myelin alterations.
Methods
Twenty-one healthy adult males underwent DTI in the morning [7:30AM; time point (TP)1], after 14 hours of waking (TP2), and then after another 9 hours of waking (TP3). Whole brain voxel-wise analysis was performed with tract based spatial statistics.
Results
A day of waking was associated with widespread increases in white matter fractional anisotropy, which were mainly driven by radial diffusivity reductions, and sleep deprivation was associated with widespread fractional anisotropy decreases, which were mainly explained by reductions in axial diffusivity. In addition, larger decreases in axial diffusivity after sleep deprivation were associated with greater sleepiness. All DTI changes remained significant after adjusting for hydration measures.
Conclusions
This is the first DTI study of sleep deprivation in humans. Although previous studies have observed localized changes in DTI indices of cerebral microstructure over the course of a few hours, further studies are needed to confirm widespread DTI changes within hours of waking and to clarify whether such changes in white matter microstructure serve as neurobiological substrates of sleepiness.
207-nm UV Light—A Promising Tool for Safe Low-Cost Reduction of Surgical Site Infections. II: In-Vivo Safety Studies
Creators: name: Buonanno, Manuela
name: Stanislauskas, Milda
name: Ponnaiya, Brian
name: Bigelow, Alan W.
name: Randers-Pehrson, Gerhard
name: Xu, Yanping
name: Shuryak, Igor
name: Smilenov, Lubomir B.
name: Owens, David M.
name: Brenner, David Jonathan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Ultraviolet radiation--Toxicology
Ultraviolet lamps
Surgical wound infections--Prevention
Surgery
Biophysics

description: Background

UVC light generated by conventional germicidal lamps is a well-established anti-microbial modality, effective against both bacteria and viruses. However, it is a human health hazard, being both carcinogenic and cataractogenic. Earlier studies showed that single-wavelength far-UVC light (207 nm) generated by excimer lamps kills bacteria without apparent harm to human skin tissue in vitro. The biophysical explanation is that, due to its extremely short range in biological material, 207 nm UV light cannot penetrate the human stratum corneum (the outer dead-cell skin layer, thickness 5–20 μm) nor even the cytoplasm of individual human cells. By contrast, 207 nm UV light can penetrate bacteria and viruses because these cells are physically much smaller.

Aims

To test the biophysically-based hypothesis that 207 nm UV light is not cytotoxic to exposed mammalian skin in vivo.

Methods

Hairless mice were exposed to a bactericidal UV fluence of 157 mJ/cm2 delivered by a filtered Kr-Br excimer lamp producing monoenergetic 207-nm UV light, or delivered by a conventional 254-nm UV germicidal lamp. Sham irradiations constituted the negative control. Eight relevant cellular and molecular damage endpoints including epidermal hyperplasia, pre-mutagenic UV-associated DNA lesions, skin inflammation, and normal cell proliferation and differentiation were evaluated in mice dorsal skin harvested 48 h after UV exposure.

Results

While conventional germicidal UV (254 nm) exposure produced significant effects for all the studied skin damage endpoints, the same fluence of 207 nm UV light produced results that were not statistically distinguishable from the zero exposure controls.

Conclusions

As predicted by biophysical considerations and in agreement with earlier in vitro studies, 207-nm light does not appear to be significantly cytotoxic to mouse skin. These results suggest that excimer-based far-UVC light could potentially be used for its anti-microbial properties, but without the associated hazards to skin of conventional germicidal UV lamps.
Clyomys laticeps
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Clyomys
Clyomys laticeps

description: Clyomys laticeps (Thomas, 1909). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, 4:240. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, Santa Catarina, Joinville. DISTRIBUTION: Between Minas Gerais and Santa Catarina (E. Brazil). ISIS NUMBER: 5301410029003001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 586, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
Public Participation and Shaping Urban Development: The Case of the Atlantic Yard and Nets Arena Project in Brooklyn
Creators: name: Cohen, Steven Alan
name: Eimicke, William B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Land use
Arenas
Sports facilities--Planning
Atlantic Yards (Project)
City planning
Regional planning
Public policy (Law)

description: This paper provides background on New York City's land use development process requirements and then presents a case study of sports facility development processes in New York City.
Geodesics in the linearized multipole solution: Distinguishing black holes from naked singularities
Creators: name: Hernandez-Pastora, J. L.
name: Herrera, L.
name: Ospino, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the behaviour of geodesic motion of test particles in the spacetime of a specific class of axially symmetric static vacuum solutions to the Einstein equations, hereafter referred to as linearized multipole solution (LM). We discuss about its suitability to describe a quasi-spherical spacetime. The existence of an ISCO (innermost stable circular orbit) very close to the (singular) horizon of the source, is established. The existence of such stable orbit, inner than the one of the Schwarzschild metric, as well as the appearance of a splitting in the admissible region of circular orbits, is shown to be due to the multipole structure of the solution, thereby providing additional potential observational evidence for distinguishing Schwarzschild black holes from naked singularities.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables. Several typos corrected. Published (september 19) in Physical Review D
Effect of Breastfeeding Promotion on Early Childhood Caries and Breastfeeding Duration among 5 Year Old Children in Eastern Uganda: A Cluster Randomized Trial
Creators: name: Birungi, Nancy
name: Fadnes, Lars T.
name: Okullo, Isaac
name: Kasangaki, Arabat
name: Nankabirwa, Victoria
name: Ndeezi, Grace
name: Tumwine, James K.
name: Tylleskä, Thorkild
name: Lie, Stein Atle
name: Nordrehaug Åstrøm, Anne
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Breastfeeding--Health aspects
subject: Dental caries in children
subject: Dental caries--Nutritional aspects
subject: Clinical trials
subject: Poor children--Health and hygiene
subject: Breastfeeding promotion
subject: Dentistry
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Nutrition
subject: Public health
subject: Pathology
subject: Epidemiology

description: Background
Although several studies have shown short term health benefits of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF), its long term consequences have not been studied extensively in low-income contexts. This study assessed the impact of an EBF promotion initiative for 6 months on early childhood caries (ECC) and breastfeeding duration in children aged 5 years in Mbale, Eastern Uganda.
Methods
Participants were recruited from the Ugandan site of the PROMISE- EBF cluster randomised trial (ClinicalTrials.gov no: NCT00397150). A total of 765 pregnant women from 24 clusters were included in the ratio 1:1 to receive peer counselled promotion of EBF as the intervention or standard of care. At the 5 year follow-up, ECC was recorded under field conditions using the World Health Organization’s decayed missing filled tooth (dmft) index. Adjusted negative binomial and linear regression were used in the analysis.
Results
Mean breastfeeding duration in the intervention and control groups (n=417) were 21.8 (CI 20.7–22.9) and 21.3(CI 20.7–21.9) months, respectively. The mean dmft was 1.5 (standard deviation [SD] 2.9) and 1.7 (SD 2.9) in the intervention and control groups, respectively. Corresponding prevalence estimates of ECC were 38% and 41%. Negative binomial regression analysis adjusted for cluster effects and loss-to-follow-up by inverse probability weights (IPW) showed an incidence-rate ratio (IRR) of 0.91 (95% CI 0.65–1.2). Comparing the effect of the trial arm on breastfeeding duration showed a difference in months of 0.48 (-0.72 to 1.7).
Conclusion
PROMISE EBF trial did not impact on early childhood caries or breastfeeding duration at 5 years of age. This study contributes to the body of evidence that promotion of exclusive breastfeeding does not raise oral health concerns. However, the high burden of caries calls for efforts to improve the oral health condition in this setting.
Klag- und Trost-Schrifft An Sr. Wohl-Ehrwürden, Herrn George Friedrich Bruccatius, Wohlverordneten Diaconum an der Hauptkirche in Budißin, Als Dessen Hoffnungs-voller Sohn, Herr Gottlob Friedrich Bruccatius, J. U. St. Auf seiner eignen Stube den 4ten Novembr. 1727. Durch einen feindlichen Degen-Stich zu Leipzig entleibet wurde; 1728
Creators: name: Henrici, Christian Friedrich
name: Bruccatius, Georg Friedrich
name: Bruccatius, Gottlob Friedrich
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2014

description: Verf. ermittelt. - P. [i.e. Picander] ist Pseud. für Christian Friedrich Henrici
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1915-02)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741
subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
PRISONERS' RIGHTS IN NIGERIA: STRENGTHENING LEGISLATIVE SAFEGUARDS IN CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Creators: name: Morounkeji Oluwaseun, Adebayo
Publisher: name: keith journal
Year: 2025
Subjects: prisoners' rights, human rights, legislative framework, Nigeria, humane treatment

description: Regardless of the offense committed or the duration of their imprisonment, individuals in custody, whether convicted or awaiting trial, retain their human rights and dignity. This paper delves into the legislative framework governing prisoners' rights in Nigeria. It emphasizes the importance of humane treatment and respect for the fundamental dignity of all prisoners.