cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Landau's theorem in several complex variables
Creators: name: Bisi, Cinzia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32H99, 32A18, 30D45

description: In one complex variable it is well known that if we consider the family of all holomorphic functions on the unit disc that fix the origin and with first derivative equal to 1 at the origin, then there exists a constant $ρ$, independent of the functions, such that in the image of the unit disc of any of the functions of the family there is a disc of universal radius $ρ.$ This is the so celebrated Landau's theorem. Many counterexamples to an analogous result in several complex variables exist. In this paper we introduce a class of holomorphic maps for which one can get a Landau's theorem and a Brody-Zalcman theorem in several complex variables.
description: Published Online in Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata (1923 -), on July 29.th 2016
A Revised Gyro-Age for M 67 from Kepler/K2-Campaign-5 Light Curves
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Guillermo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the photometric variability of stars in the M 67 field using Kepler/K2-Campaign-5 light curves. In our previous work, we limited the search area around M\,67 to that of a recent ground-based study. In the present work, we expand the search area and apply a more rigorous period-finding algorithm to determine the rotation periods of 98 main sequence cluster members from the same data. In addition, we derive periods of 40 stars from the K2SC detrended light curves. We determine the mean period of single sun-like main sequence cluster members to be $29.6 \pm 0.6$ d. Assuming the periods correspond to stellar rotation, the corresponding mean gyro-age is $5.4 \pm 0.2$ Gyr.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS
Fidelity of DNA polymerases in the detection of intraindividual variation of mitochondrial DNA
Creators: name: Ricardo, Paulo Cseri
name: Françoso, Elaine
name: Arias, Maria Cristina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Here we investigated the consequences of PCR amplification errors in the identification of intraindividual mtDNA variation. The bumblebee Bombus morio was chosen as model for the COI gene amplification tests with two DNA polymerases (Taq and Q5) presenting different error rates. The amplifications using Taq resulted in a significant increase of singleton haplotypes per individual in comparison to Q5. The sequence characteristics indicated that Taq resulted haplotypes are mostly due to amplification errors. Studies focusing on intraindividual variability should address special attention to the DNA polymerase fidelity to avoid overestimation of heteroplasmic haplotypes.
Fidelity of DNA polymerases in the detection of intraindividual variation of mitochondrial DNA
Creators: name: Ricardo, Paulo Cseri
name: Françoso, Elaine
name: Arias, Maria Cristina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Here we investigated the consequences of PCR amplification errors in the identification of intraindividual mtDNA variation. The bumblebee Bombus morio was chosen as model for the COI gene amplification tests with two DNA polymerases (Taq and Q5) presenting different error rates. The amplifications using Taq resulted in a significant increase of singleton haplotypes per individual in comparison to Q5. The sequence characteristics indicated that Taq resulted haplotypes are mostly due to amplification errors. Studies focusing on intraindividual variability should address special attention to the DNA polymerase fidelity to avoid overestimation of heteroplasmic haplotypes.
Emergent eddy saturation from an energy constrained eddy parameterisation
Creators: name: Mak, Julian
name: Maddison, James R.
name: Marshall, David P.
name: Bachman, Scott D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large-scale features of the global ocean circulation and the sensitivity of these features with respect to forcing changes are critically dependent upon the influence of the mesoscale eddy field. One such feature, observed in numerical simulations whereby the mesoscale eddy field is at least partially resolved, is the phenomenon of eddy saturation, where the time-mean circumpolar transport of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current displays relative insensitivity to wind forcing changes. Coarse-resolution models employing the Gent--McWilliams parameterisation with a constant Gent--McWilliams coefficient seem unable to reproduce this phenomenon. In this article, an idealised model for a wind-forced, zonally symmetric flow in a channel is used to investigate the sensitivity of the circumpolar transport to changes in wind forcing under different eddy closures. It is shown that, when coupled to a simple parameterised eddy energy budget, the Gent--McWilliams coefficient of the form described in Marshall et al. (2012) [A framework for parameterizing eddy potential vorticity fluxes, J. Phys. Oceanogr., vol. 42, 539--557], which includes a linear eddy energy dependence, produces eddy saturation as an emergent property.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, Elsevier template, submitted to Ocean Modelling; comments welcome
A review of Li-ion batteries for autonomous mobile robots: perspectives and outlook for the future
Creators: name: MC NULTY, DAVID
name: Hennessy, Aaron
name: Li, Mei
name: Armstrong, Eddie
name: RYAN, KEVIN M.
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The development of advanced autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) is essential for achieving the flexible work environment necessary for smart manufacturing. Complex perception, locomotion and navigation systems comprised of many sensors and powerful processors allow AMRs to continuously monitor their surroundings and internal systems. AMRs that can move freely around an industrial facility are increasingly required for 24/7 industrial processes. The energy requirements of AMRs can include the need for high power for tasks such as lifting and transporting as well as low power for the various onboard sensors. Total operating time between charges is dependent on factors such as distance travelled, payload power consumption, payload/cargo mass and AMR attachments such as tilt trays or robotic arms. This review discusses pre-existing commercial AMRs, their power consumption and compares the specifications of battery packs which are being used in the current generation of AMRs. This is followed by a detailed discussion about lithium-ion battery operation and recommendations for cathode and anode materials to replace traditionally used electrode materials to meet the growing power demands of next generation AMRs in the short to medium term (5–10 years) and in the long term (10+ years).
Circumbinary planets II - when transits come and go
Creators: name: Martin, David V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Circumbinary planets are generally more likely to transit than equivalent single-star planets, but practically the geometry and orbital dynamics of circumbinary planets make the chance of observing a transit inherently time-dependent. In this follow-up paper to Martin & Triaud (2015), the time-dependence is probed deeper by analytically calculating when and for how long the binary and planet orbits overlap, allowing for transits to occur. The derived equations are applied to the known transiting circumbinary planets found by Kepler to predict when future transits will occur, and whether they will be observable by upcoming space telescopes TESS, CHEOPS and PLATO. The majority of these planets spend less than 50% of their time in a transiting configuration, some less than 20%. From this it is calculated that the known Kepler eclipsing binaries likely host an additional ~ 17 - 30 circumbinary planets that are similar to the ten published discoveries, and they will ultimately transit some day, potentially during the TESS and PLATO surveys.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 15 pages, 11 figures
An international Delphi study on the burden of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and urticaria and the role of bilastine among current treatment options
Creators: name: Church, MK
name: Canonica, GW
name: Kuna, P
name: Maurer, M
name: Mösges, R
name: Novak, Z
name: Papadopoulos, NG
name: del Rio, P Rodriguez
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 80699
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
classificationCode: 110309
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and chronic urticaria are common histamine-driven diseases, exerting detrimental effects on cognitive functions, sleep, daily activities, and quality of life. Non-sedating second-generation H1-antihistamines are the first-line treatment of choice. Aim of the study was to define the role of bilastine among second-generation H1-antihistamines in the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and urticaria in patients of different ages. An international Delphi study was carried out to assess consensus among experts from 17 European and extra-European countries on three main topics: 1) Burden of disease; 2) Current treatment options; 3) Specific characteristics of bilastine among second-generation antihistamines. Here, we present the results obtained for a selection of 15 out of 27 consensus statements, focused on disease burden, role of second-generation antihistamines and bilastine profile. The rate of concordance was ≥98% for 4 statements, ≥ 96% for 6, ≥ 94% for 3, and ≥90% for 2. The high degree of agreement obtained suggests a wide awareness of the burden of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and chronic urticaria among experts from all over the world and reflects a broad consensus on the role of second-generation antihistamines in general and of bilastine in particular for their management.
Climate Cycling on Early Mars Caused by the Carbonate-Silicate Cycle
Creators: name: Batalha, Natasha E.
name: Kopparapu, Ravi K.
name: Haqq-Misra, Jacob
name: Kasting, James F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For decades, scientists have tried to explain the evidence for fluvial activity on early Mars, but a consensus has yet to emerge regarding the mechanism for producing it. One hypothesis suggests early Mars was warmed by a thick greenhouse atmosphere. Another suggests that early Mars was generally cold but was warmed occasionally by impacts or by episodes of enhanced volcanism. These latter hypotheses struggle to produce the amounts of rainfall needed to form the martian valleys, but are consistent with inferred low rates of weathering compared to Earth. Here, we provide a geophysical mechanism that could have induced cycles of glaciation and deglaciation on early Mars. Our model produces dramatic climate cycles with extended periods of glaciation punctuated by warm periods lasting up to 10 Myr, much longer than those generated in other episodic warming models. The cycles occur because stellar insolation was low, and because CO2 outgassing is not able to keep pace with CO2 consumption by silicate weathering followed by deposition of carbonates. While CO2 by itself is not able to deglaciate early Mars in our model, we assume that the greenhouse effect is enhanced by substantial amounts of H2 outgassed from Mars' reduced crust and mantle. Our hypothesis can be tested by future Mars exploration that better establishes the time scale for valley formation.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, EPSL accepted
EVEREST: Pixel Level Decorrelation of K2 Light curves
Creators: name: Luger, Rodrigo
name: Agol, Eric
name: Kruse, Ethan
name: Barnes, Rory
name: Becker, Andrew
name: Foreman-Mackey, Daniel
name: Deming, Drake
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present EVEREST, an open-source pipeline for removing instrumental noise from K2 light curves. EVEREST employs a variant of pixel level decorrelation (PLD) to remove systematics introduced by the spacecraft's pointing error and a Gaussian process (GP) to capture astrophysical variability. We apply EVEREST to all K2 targets in campaigns 0-7, yielding light curves with precision comparable to that of the original Kepler mission for stars brighter than $K_p \approx 13$, and within a factor of two of the Kepler precision for fainter targets. We perform cross-validation and transit injection and recovery tests to validate the pipeline, and compare our light curves to the other de-trended light curves available for download at the MAST High Level Science Products archive. We find that EVEREST achieves the highest average precision of any of these pipelines for unsaturated K2 stars. The improved precision of these light curves will aid in exoplanet detection and characterization, investigations of stellar variability, asteroseismology, and other photometric studies. The EVEREST pipeline can also easily be applied to future surveys, such as the TESS mission, to correct for instrumental systematics and enable the detection of low signal-to-noise transiting exoplanets. The EVEREST light curves and the source code used to generate them are freely available online.
description: 15 pages, 17 figures. Revised version submitted to AJ
Noninvasive imaging of three dimensional micro and nanostructures by topological methods
Creators: name: Carpio, A.
name: Dimiduk, T. G.
name: Rapun, M. L.
name: Selgas, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present topological derivative and energy based procedures for the imaging of micro and nanostructures using one beam of visible light of a single wavelength. Objects with diameters as small as 10 nm can be located, and their position tracked with nanometer precision. Multiple objects distributed either on planes perpendicular to the incidence direction or along axial lines in the incidence direction are distinguishable. More precisely, the shape and size of plane sections perpendicular to the incidence direction can be clearly determined, even for asymmetric and non-convex scatterers. Axial resolution improves as the size of the objects decreases. Initial reconstructions may proceed by glueing together 2D horizontal slices between axial peaks or by locating objects at 3D peaks of topological energies, depending on the effective wavenumber. Below a threshold size, topological derivative based iterative schemes improve initial predictions of the location, size and shape of objects by postprocessing fixed measured data. For larger sizes, tracking the peaks of topological energy fields that average information from additional incident light beams seems to be more effective.
SDSS-IV MaNGA: Properties of galaxies with kinematically decoupled stellar and gaseous components
Creators: name: Jin, Yifei
name: Chen, Yanmei
name: Shi, Yong
name: Tremonti, C. A.
name: Bershady, M. A.
name: Merrifield, M.
name: Emsellem, E.
name: Fu, Hai
name: Wake, D.
name: Bundy, K.
name: Lin, Lihwai
name: Argudo-Fernandez, M.
name: Huang, Song
name: Stark, D. V.
name: Storchi-Bergmann, T.
name: Bizyaev, D.
name: Brownstein, J.
name: Chisholm, J.
name: Guo, Qi
name: Hao, Lei
name: Hu, Jian
name: Li, Cheng
name: Li, Ran
name: Masters, K. L.
name: Malanushenko, E.
name: Pan, Kaike
name: Riffel, R. A.
name: Roman-Lopes, A.
name: Simmons, A.
name: Thomas, D.
name: Wang, Lan
name: Westfall, K.
name: Yan, Renbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of 66 galaxies with kinematically misaligned gas and stars from MaNGA survey. The fraction of kinematically misaligned galaxies varies with galaxy physical parameters, i.e. M*, SFR and sSFR. According to their sSFR, we further classify these 66 galaxies into three categories, 10 star-forming, 26 "Green Valley" and 30 quiescent ones. The properties of different types of kinematically misaligned galaxies are different in that the star-forming ones have positive gradient in D4000 and higher gas-phase metallicity, while the green valley/quiescent ones have negative D4000 gradients and lower gas-phase metallicity on average. There is evidence that all types of the kinematically misaligned galaxies tend to live in more isolated environment. Based on all these observational results, we propose a scenario for the formation of star forming galaxies with kinematically misaligned gas and stars - the progenitor accretes misaligned gas from a gas-rich dwarf or cosmic web, the cancellation of angular momentum from gas-gas collisions between the pre-existing gas and the accreted gas largely accelerates gas inflow, leading to fast centrally-concentrated star-formation. The higher metallicity is due to enrichment from this star formation. For the kinematically misaligned green valley and quiescent galaxies, they might be formed through gas-poor progenitors accreting kinematically misaligned gas from satellites which are smaller in mass.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, published in MNRAS
Convergence rates of finite difference schemes for the linear advection and wave equation with rough coefficient
Creators: name: Weber, Franziska
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove convergence rates of explicit finite difference schemes for the linear advection and wave equation in one space dimension with Hölder continuous coefficient. The obtained convergence rates explicitly depend on the Hölder regularity of the coefficient and the modulus of continuity of the initial data. We compare the theoretically established rates with the experimental rates of a couple of numerical examples.
Emergence of nontrivial magnetic excitations in a spin liquid state of kagome volborthite
Creators: name: Watanabe, Daiki
name: Sugii, Kaori
name: Shimozawa, Masaaki
name: Suzuki, Yoshitaka
name: Yajima, Takeshi
name: Ishikawa, Hajime
name: Hiroi, Zenji
name: Shibauchi, Takasada
name: Matsuda, Yuji
name: Yamashita, Minoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When quantum fluctuations destroy underlying long-range ordered states, novel quantum states emerge. Spin-liquid (SL) states of frustrated quantum antiferromagnets, in which highly-correlated spins keep to fluctuate down to very low temperatures, are prominent examples of such quantum states. SL states often exhibit exotic physical properties, but the precise nature of the elementary excitations behind such phenomena remains entirely elusive. Here we utilize thermal Hall measurements that can capture the unexplored property of the elementary excitations in SL states, and report on the observation of anomalous excitations that may unveil the unique features of the SL state. Our principal finding is a negative thermal Hall conductivity (k_xy) which the charge-neutral spin excitations in a gapless SL state of the two-dimensional kagome insulator volborthite Cu_3V_2O_7(OH)_2 \cdot 2H_2O exhibit, in much the same way in which charged electrons give rise to the conventional electric Hall effect. We find that k_xy is absent in the high-temperature paramagnetic state and develops upon entering the SL state in accordance with the growth of the short-range spin correlations, demonstrating that k_xy is a key signature of the elementary excitation formed in the SL state. These results suggest the emergence of nontrivial elementary excitations in the gapless SL state which feel the presence of fictitious magnetic flux, whose effective Lorentz force is found to be less than 1/100 of that experienced by free electrons.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (2016)
Non-Linear Compton Scattering in a Strong Rotating Electric Field
Creators: name: Raicher, Erez
name: Eliezer, Shalom
name: Zigler, Arie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-linear Compton scattering rate in a rotating electric field is explicitly calculated for the first time. For this purpose, a novel solution to the Klein-Gordon equation in the presence of a rotating electric field is applied. An analytical expression for the emission rate is obtained, as well as a simplified approximation adequate for emplementation in kinetic codes. The spectrum is numerically calculated for nowadays optical and X-ray laser parameters. The results are compared to the standard Volkov-Ritus rate for a particle in a plane wave, which is commonly assumed to be valid for a rotating electric field under certain conditions. Subsequent deviations between the two models, both in the radiated power and the spectral shape, are demonstrated. First, the typical number of photons participating in the scattering process is much smaller compared to the Volkov-Ritus rate, resulting in up to an order of magnitude lower emitted power. Furthermore, our model predicts a discrete harmonics spectrum for electrons with low asymptotic momentum compared to the field amplitude. This discrete structure is a clear imprint of the electric field frequency, as opposed to the Volkov-Ritus rate which reduces to the constant crossed field rate for the physical conditions under consideration. Our model predictions can be tested with present-days laser facilities.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
Nernst heat theorem for the thermal Casimir interaction between two graphene sheets
Creators: name: Bezerra, V. B.
name: Klimchitskaya, G. L.
name: Mostepanenko, V. M.
name: Romero, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find analytic asymptotic expressions at low temperature for the Casimir free energy, entropy and pressure of two parallel graphene sheets in the framework of the Lifshitz theory. The reflection coefficients of electromagnetic waves on graphene are described on the basis of first principles of quantum electrodynamics at nonzero temperature using the polarization tensor in (2+1)-dimensional space-time. The leading contributions to the Casimir entropy and to the thermal corrections to the Casimir energy and pressure are given by the thermal correction to the polarization tensor at nonzero Matsubara frequencies. It is shown that the Casimir entropy for two graphene sheets goes to zero when the temperature vanishes, i.e., the third law of thermodynamics (the Nernst heat theorem) is satisfied. At low temperature, the magnitude of the thermal correction to the Casimir pressure between two graphene sheets is shown to vary inversely proportional to the separation. The Nernst heat theorem for graphene is discussed in the context of problems occurring in Casimir physics for both metallic and dielectric plates.
description: 29 pages
Demonstration of the enhanced Purcell factor in all-dielectric structures
Creators: name: Krasnok, Alexander
name: Glybovski, Stanislav
name: Petrov, Mihail
name: Makarov, Sergey
name: Savelev, Roman
name: Belov, Pavel
name: Simovski, Constantin
name: Kivshar, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Purcell effect is usually described as a modification of the spontaneous decay rate in the presence of a resonator. In plasmonics, this effect is commonly associated with a large local-field enhancement in "hot spots" due to the excitation of surface plasmons. However, high-index dielectric nanostructures, which become the basis of all-dielectric nanophotonics, can not provide high values of the local-field enhancement due to larger radiation losses. Here, we demonstrate how to achieve a strong Purcell effect in all-dielectric nanostructures, and show theoretically that the Purcell factor can be increased by two orders of magnitude in a finite chain of silicon nanoparticles. Using the eigenmode analysis for an infinite chain, we demonstrate that the high Purcell factor regime is associated with a Van Hove singularity. We perform a proof-of-concept experiment for microwave frequencies and observe the 65-fold enhancement of the Purcell factor in a chain of 10 dielectric particles.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1506.07276
Chiral Quantum Optics
Creators: name: Lodahl, Peter
name: Mahmoodian, Sahand
name: Stobbe, Søren
name: Schneeweiss, Philipp
name: Volz, Jürgen
name: Rauschenbeutel, Arno
name: Pichler, Hannes
name: Zoller, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the most fundamental level, the interaction between light and matter is manifested by the emission and absorption of single photons by single quantum emitters. Controlling light--matter interaction is the basis for diverse applications ranging from light technology to quantum--information processing. Many of these applications are nowadays based on photonic nanostructures strongly benefitting from their scalability and integrability. The confinement of light in such nanostructures imposes an inherent link between the local polarization and propagation direction of light. This leads to {\em chiral light--matter interaction}, i.e., the emission and absorption of photons depend on the propagation direction and local polarization of light as well as the polarization of the emitter transition. The burgeoning research field of {\em chiral quantum optics} offers fundamentally new functionalities and applications both for single emitters and ensembles thereof. For instance, a chiral light--matter interface enables the realization of integrated non--reciprocal single--photon devices and deterministic spin--photon interfaces. Moreover, engineering directional photonic reservoirs opens new avenues for constructing complex quantum circuits and networks, which may be applied to simulate a new class of quantum many--body systems.
Rezension zu: Böller, F., & Werner, W. (Hrsg.) (2021). Hegemonic Transition: Global Economic and Security Orders in the Age of Trump. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 298 S., ISBN: 978-3-030-74505-9, € 128,39.
Creators: name: Groitl, Gerlinde
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 320 Politik
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Book Review
On the spectral properties of Dirac operators with electrostatic $δ$-shell interactions
Creators: name: Behrndt, Jussi
name: Exner, Pavel
name: Holzmann, Markus
name: Lotoreichik, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 81Q10, Secondary 35Q40

description: In this paper the spectral properties of Dirac operators $A_η$ with electrostatic $δ$-shell interactions of constant strength $η$ supported on compact smooth surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^3$ are studied. Making use of boundary triple techniques a Krein type resolvent formula and a Birman-Schwinger principle are obtained. With the help of these tools some spectral, scattering, and asymptotic properties of $A_η$ are investigated. In particular, it turns out that the discrete spectrum of $A_η$ inside the gap of the essential spectrum is finite, the difference of the third powers of the resolvents of $A_η$ and the free Dirac operator $A_0$ is trace class, and in the nonrelativistic limit $A_η$ converges in the norm resolvent sense to a Schrödinger operator with an electric $δ$-potential of strength $η$.
description: 32 pages
A non-equilibrium microscopic description of spallation
Creators: name: Napolitani, P.
name: Colonna, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the prompt emission of few intermediate-mass fragments in spallation reactions induced by protons and deuterons in the 1 GeV range. Such emission has a minor contribution to the total reaction cross section, but it may overcome evaporation and fission channels in the formation of light nuclides. The role of mean-field dynamics and phase-space fluctuations in these reactions is investigated through the Boltzmann-Langevin transport equation. We found that a process of frustrated fragmentation and re-aggregation is a prominent mechanism of production of IMFs which can not be assimilated to the statistical decay of a compound nucleus. Very interestingly, this process may yield a small number of IMF in the exit channel, which may even reduce to two, and be wrongly confused with ordinary asymmetric fission. This interpretation, inspired by nuclear-spallation experiments, can be generalised to heavy-ion collisions approaching the fragmentation threshold.
description: Conf. proc. IWM-EC, 9-12 May 2016, Caen, France
The Cylindrical Heating Pipes from the Late Roman Bath at ‘Ayn Gharandal, Jordan.
Creators: Harvey, Craig A.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

In the summer of 2015, the ‘Ayn Gharandal Archaeological Project excavated a large section of the site’s Late Roman bath. This excavation resulted in the collection of a considerable quantity of ceramic building materials, including bricks, tubuli (specialized rectangular heating pipes), and cylindrical pipes used in the heating system. This large corpus represents a significant opportunity to study this material that typically receives little scholarly attention, and a preliminary study and

typology of the ceramic bricks and tubuli has already been published in SHAJ 13 (Harvey 2019). The intent of this article is to present the cylindrical pipes from the bath at ‘Ayn Gharandal and to provide a brief discussion of their unconventional use within the heating system. It is hoped that this publication will provide an overview of the types of cylindrical pipes used within the ‘Ayn Gharandal bath and serve as a reference for future work on this class of material both at this site and within the wider region.
First-principles approach to thin superconducting slabs and heterostructures
Creators: name: Csire, Gábor
name: Schönecker, Stephan
name: Újfalussy, Balázs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a fully first-principles method for superconducting thin films. The layer dependent phonon spectrum is calculated to determine the layer dependence of the electron-phonon coupling for such systems, which is coupled to the Kohn-Sham-Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations, and it is solved in a parameter free way. The theory is then applied to different surface facets of niobium slabs and to niobium-gold heterostructures. We investigate the dependence of the transition temperature on the thickness of the slabs and the inverse proximity effect observed in thin superconducting heterostructures.
Higgs physics at CLIC
Creators: name: Lukić, Strahinja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Compact Linear Collider CLIC is an option for a future multi-TeV electron-positron collider, offering the potential for a rich precision physics programme, combined with sensitivity to a wide range of new phenomena. The CLIC physics potential for measurements of the 125 GeV Higgs boson has been studied using full detector simulations for several centre-of-mass energies. The presented results provide crucial input to the energy staging strategy for the CLIC accelerator. The complete physics program for measurements of accessible Higgs boson couplings is presented in this contribution. The ultimate measurement precision is reached when all measurements available at a given centre-of-mass energy are included in combined fits. Operation at a few hundred GeV allows the couplings and width of the Higgs boson to be determined in a model-independent manner through the study of the Higgsstrahlung and WW-fusion processes. At a lepton collider, the measurement of the Higgsstrahlung cross section using the recoil mass technique sets the absolute scale for all Higgs coupling measurements. Recently, it has been shown that including both the leptonic and the hadronic decays of the Z boson in this approach improves the statistical precision significantly. Operation at higher centre-of-mass energies provides large statistics for the study of Higgs boson decays and the potential to directly measure the top Yukawa coupling. At the highest centre-of-mass energy (presently assumed to be 3 TeV), the Higgs boson self-coupling can be determined with 10% precision.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, Presented at the 38th International Conference on High Energy Physics, 3-10 August 2016, Chicago, USA
Seismic detection of solar-like oscillations and power spectrum analyses
Creators: name: Benomar, Othman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: PLATO
Asteroseismology
Data Analysis
Solar-like

description: Asteroseismology has revolutionized our understanding of stellar astrophysics. By allowing us to measure characteristics of modes, asteroseismology reveals the stellar interior and allows us to probe the star's physics. In this talk, we will review the successes and difficulties of seismic detection using CoRoT, Kepler, and TESS instruments, with a particular focus on solar-like stars, which includes F, G, and K giant stars. We will discuss the challenges faced by the asteroseismic community regarding the detection of pulsations, the mode identification, and the measurement of stellar rotation for these stars. While detecting pulsations is nowadays a relatively simple and reliable process, mode identification, which is essential for determining the physical properties of the modes (e.g., regions probed in the interior), remains a delicate, complex, and sometimes a time-consuming issue. The measurement of stellar internal rotation all along the HR-diagram is crucial for understanding the evolution and angular momentum transport in stars. The PLATO mission will present new challenges for asteroseismology, such as the need to process data volumes that are several times greater than previous missions combined. In this context, the development of new advanced tools that can overcome the data scale issue is crucial to achieve the scientific goals of the mission. We will briefly discuss the methods and tools that will be required to achieve this with PLATO.
Seismic detections of magnetic activity cycles
Creators: name: Broomhall, Anne-Marie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The properties of the Sun's internal acoustic oscillations (p modes) are known to vary through the solar magnetic activity cycle. Easiest to detect are the changes in p-mode frequencies, which vary in phase with the level of magnetic activity. However, variations in powers, damping rates and excitation rates have also been observed and such variations imply that the internal magnetic field is impacting the convection. Similar behaviours, for at least the oscillation frequencies and powers, have also been observed in a number of Kepler stars. This talk will provide details of how these variations have been detected previously, and will discuss the potential of PLATO for detecting similar variations in the future.
Constraining axion coupling constants from measuring the Casimir interaction between polarized test bodies
Creators: name: Bezerra, V. B.
name: Klimchitskaya, G. L.
name: Mostepanenko, V. M.
name: Romero, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an experiment for measuring the effective Casimir pressure between two parallel SiC plates with aligned nuclear spins. The prospective constraints on an axion-neutron coupling constant for both hadronic and GUT axions are calculated using the process of one-axion exchange. For this purpose, a general expression for the additional pressure arising between two polarized plates due to the exchange of one axion between their constituent fermions is derived. We demonstrate that only the polarization component perpendicular to the plates contribute to the pressure. The obtained pressure can be both repulsive and attractive depending on whether the polarizations of both plates are unidirectional or directed in opposite directions. It is shown that although the constraints on an axion-electron coupling obtained in the case of magnetized plates are not competitive, the constraints on an axion-neutron coupling found for plates with polarized nuclear spins are of the same order of magnitude of those obtained previously for the GUT axions alone using the process of two-axion exchange. The proposed experiment allows also to strengthen the presently known constraints on the axion-neutron coupling constants of GUT axions by using both processes of one- and two-axion exchange.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures; to appear in Phes. Rev. D
Comparison of classical tumour growth models for patient derived and cell-line derived xenografts using the nonlinear mixed-effects framework
Creators: name: Voulgarelis, Dimitrios
name: Bulusu, Krishna C.
name: Yates, James W. T.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: In this study we compare seven mathematical models of tumour growth using nonlinear mixed-effects which allows for a simultaneous fitting of multiple data and an estimation of both mean behaviour and variability. This is performed for two large datasets, a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) dataset consisting of 220 PDXs spanning six different tumour types and a cell-line derived xenograft (CDX) dataset consisting of 25 cell lines spanning eight tumour types. Comparison of the models is performed by means of visual predictive checks (VPCs) as well as the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). Additionally, we fit the models to 500 bootstrap samples drawn from the datasets to expand the comparison of the models under dataset perturbations and understand the growth kinetics that are best fitted by each model. Through qualitative and quantitative metrics the best models are identified the effectiveness and practicality of simpler models is highlighted
On the Dispersion Relation of Magnetoplasmons in a Planar Graphene-Based Superlattice
Creators: name: Ratnikov, P. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dispersion relation for magnetoplasmons in a planar superlattice with periodically alternating regions of gapless and gapped modications of graphene has been derived within the frame of the random-phase approximation. The contribution of virtual transitions between the lower electron miniband and the upper hole miniband to the polarization operator has been taken into account in addition to the contribution of virtual intra-miniband transitions.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Optimal reduced-mixing for an SIS infectious-disease model
Creators: name: Stafford, Erin
name: Kot, Mark
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Which reduced-mixing strategy maximizes economic output during a disease outbreak? To answer this question, we formulate an optimal-control problem that maximizes the difference between revenue, due to healthy individuals, and medical costs, associated with infective individuals, for SIS disease dynamics. The control variable is the level of mixing in the population, which influences both revenue and the spread of the disease. Using Pontryagin's maximum principle, we find a closed-form solution for our problem. We explore an example of our problem with parameters for the transmission of Staphylococcus aureus in dairy cows, and we perform sensitivity analyses to determine how model parameters affect optimal strategies. We find that less mixing is preferable when the transmission rate is high, the per-capita recovery rate is low, or when the revenue parameter is much smaller than the cost parameter.
Stability estimate for an inverse problem for the Schr{ö}dinger equation in a magnetic field with time-dependent coefficient
Creators: name: Aicha, Ibtissem Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the stability issue in the inverse problem of determining the magnetic field and the time-dependent electric potential appearing in the Schrödinger equation, from boundary observations. We prove in dimension 3 or greater, that the knowledge of the Dicrichlet-to-Neumann map stably determines the magnetic field and the electric potential.
The seafloor footprint of Danish fishing
Creators: name: van der Reijden, Karin J.
name: Eigaard, O.R. (Ole)
Publisher: name: Technical University of Denmark
Year: 2023
Subjects: Fisheries management
Environmental management
Natural resource management
Environmental assessment and monitoring

description: This online mapping tool aims to provide accurate information on Danish fisheries with bottom-towed gears, to support science-based management of the Danish waters. It shows the spatial distribution and intensity of all bottom-towed gears used by Danish fishermen and provides quantitative fishing pressure indicators as advised by the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES). The fisheries data behind this platform are processed with a similar methodology as described in van der Reijden et al. (2023) (DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.105935).
title: On dissonance and fascist heritage in Italy. An analysis on the reuse of ex-Case del Fascio in three provinces
Creators: name: Leonardi, Francesca
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2023

description: In Italy the current debate over the reuse of fascist heritage is, on the one side, incapable of answering to contemporary needs and criticalities raised by international movements and on the other side, it is raising a growing academic interest. This research aims to introduce critical heritage studies in the Italian context and update the current debate over difficult heritage. Moreover, this research enriches the interdisciplinary approach of critical heritage studies by integrating a new perspective taken from organisation studies. The research focuses on the concept of dissonance linked to difficult heritage by testing the dissonant heritage theory and proposing a new and productive concept of dissonance. Are the preservation of fascist heritage and the use of fascist architecture generating dissonance? The objective is to understand how fascist heritage is preserved and reused in Italy, how this approach has changed over time and how it should be approached now. The object of the research are the reuses of case del fascio (for their capillary diffusion, representativeness of the regime, and ordinary characteristic) in three Italian provinces (Latina, Livorno, Treviso). The issue of the reuse, demolition or neglect of fascist-built architectures is carried out on a twofold level: a material one, studying the construction, modifications and reuse of case del fascio through archival sources and on-site inspections; and a public discourse one, applying the economies of worth by Boltanski and Thevenot to debates over the preservation and reuse of fascist heritage in Italy. The innovations of the research can be found in (1) testing the dissonant heritage theory to the Italian case, finding that the relationship between the remains and reuse of fascist-built architectures is not linear, is more complex and dependent on inertia and local dynamics. It outlines also (2) a new perspective for the critical reuse of fascist-built architectures based on a positive concept of dissonance. An (3) analysis of how dissonance works and how can be activated and silenced is paralleled with suggestions on how organising dissonance as a new way of taking decisions over the reuse of ex-fascist public buildings.
The Disk Exoplanet C/Onnection
Creators: name: Miotello, Anna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Protoplanetary disks set the initial composition of future planetary systems. Comparing the chemistry of disks to the compositions of exoplanet atmospheres - a major priority for current space missions - informs our understanding of the planet-formation process. ALMA's unmatched capabilities have enabled huge advances in our view of disk chemistry, but our most studied systems are not representative of the exoplanet population. C2H, N2H+, and CO, have proven to be key for deriving gas-phase C/O and metallicity (C/H, O/H) via comparison with state-of-the-art astrochemical models. The ongoing DECO ALMA Large Program will observe 80 disks across four star forming regions, sampling a range of stellar masses, disk sizes, and environments to examine the disk gas compositions to search for commonalities/differences between regions and across the entire sample. This survey will revolutionize our understanding of the chemical diversity occurring in more "typical" disks and how it imprints on the diversity of exoplanet populations.