cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
High Efficiency 3-Phase Cmos Rectifier with Step Up and Regulated
Creators: name: Crebier, J. -C.
name: Lembeye, Y.
name: Raisigel, H.
name: Deleage, O.
name: Delamare, J.
name: Cugat, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents several design issues related to the monolithic integration of a 3-phase AC to DC low voltage, low power rectifier for 3-phase micro source electrical conditioning. Reduced input voltage operation (down to 1V), high efficiency, and output voltage regulations are implemented, based on commercially available CMOS technology. Global design and system issues are detailed. The management of start-up sequences under self supplied conditions as well as output voltage regulations are specifically addressed. Simulation results, practical implementation and validation are presented. They are based on the association of three micro elements : a 3-phase micro-generator, a stand alone 3-phase AC to DC integrated rectifier, and an output voltage conditioner based on a commercially available IC.
description: Submitted on behalf of EDA Publishing Association (http://irevues.inist.fr/EDA-Publishing)
On the construction of Cohn's universal localization
Creators: name: Beachy, John A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16S10

description: For an associative ring we investigate a construction of Cohn's universal ring of fractions defined relative to a multiplicative set of matrices. The construction avoids the Ore condition, which is necessary to construct a ring of fractions relative to a multiplicative set of elements. But a similar condition, which we call the ``pseudo-Ore'' condition, plays an important role in the construction of Cohn's localization. We show that this condition in fact determines the equivalence relation used in the construction.
Structural disorder-driven topological phase transition in noncentrosymmetric BiTeI
Creators: name: Corbae, Paul
name: Hellman, Frances
name: Griffin, Sinead M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of using structural disorder to induce a topological phase in a solid state system. Using first-principles calculations, we introduce structural disorder in the trivial insulator BiTeI and observe the emergence of a topological insulating phase. By modifying the bonding environments, the crystal-field splitting is enhanced and the spin-orbit interaction produces a band inversion in the bulk electronic structure. Analysis of the Wannier charge centers and the surface electronic structure reveals a strong topological insulator with Dirac surface states. Finally, we propose a prescription for inducing topological states from disorder in crystalline materials. Understanding how local environments produce topological phases is a key step for predicting disordered and amorphous topological materials.
description: 12 pages (5 main, 7 supplemental) and 8 figures (3 main and 5 supplemental)
Silicon on Nothing Mems Electromechanical Resonator
Creators: name: Durand, C.
name: Casset, F.
name: Ancey, P.
name: Judong, F.
name: Talbot, A.
name: Quenouillere, R.
name: Renaud, D.
name: Borel, S.
name: Florin, B.
name: Buchaillot, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The very significant growth of the wireless communication industry has spawned tremendous interest in the development of high performances radio frequencies (RF) components. Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) are good candidates to allow reconfigurable RF functions such as filters, oscillators or antennas. This paper will focus on the MEMS electromechanical resonators which show interesting performances to replace SAW filters or quartz reference oscillators, allowing smaller integrated functions with lower power consumption. The resonant frequency depends on the material properties, such as Young's modulus and density, and on the movable mechanical structure dimensions (beam length defined by photolithography). Thus, it is possible to obtain multi frequencies resonators on a wafer. The resonator performance (frequency, quality factor) strongly depends on the environment, like moisture or pressure, which imply the need for a vacuum package. This paper will present first resonator mechanisms and mechanical behaviors followed by state of the art descriptions with applications and specifications overview. Then MEMS resonator developments at STMicroelectronics including FEM analysis, technological developments and characterization are detailed.
description: Submitted on behalf of EDA Publishing Association (http://irevues.inist.fr/EDA-Publishing)
The daily cycle of winds at EstaciÃ³n Obispo, Mexico, during the North American Monsoon
Creators: name: Jones, McArthur
name: Hartten, Leslie
name: Tessendorf, Sarah
name: Weber, William
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007
Subjects: Climate
Atmospheric general circulation models
Convective precipitation
Doppler wind profilers
Lower troposphere
Interannual variability

The North American Monsoon (NAM), which occurs over the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, has an immense effect on the climate in this region. Multiple global atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs) have had difficulty predicting the convective precipitation observed with the NAM, possibly due to the inability of the models to correctly simulate the daily cycle of winds in this region. Hartten et al. (2007) studied the daily cycle of winds over northwestern Mexico during the North American Monsoon Experiment-2004 using winds collected by 915-MHz Doppler wind profilers. This research builds on their work by constructing the mean daily cycle of winds for the lower troposphere at Estacion Obispo during the summers of 2005 and 2006. By examining the mean profiles over the entire deployment, as well as the summer-mean daily cycle, we documented the interannual variability in the daily cycle of winds at Estacion Obispo. The mean direction profiles showed low-level southwesterlies veering to easterlies in 2004 and 2005, compared to low-level southwesterlies backing to southeasterlies in 2006. The summer mean daily cycle depicted a consistent sea breeze feature over all three years. The summer mean daily cycle also showed southeasterlies at 3000 m in 2004 and 2006, whereas in 2005 easterlies persisted at this height throughout most of the day. The results of this research provide modelers with documentation of the daily cycle of winds, which they can use to verify their models.
Robust CNOT gates from almost any interaction
Creators: name: Hill, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are many cases where the interaction between two qubits is not precisely known, but single qubit operations are available. In this paper we show how, regardless of an incomplete knowledge of the strength or form of the interaction between two qubits, it is often possible to construct a CNOT gate which has arbitrarily high fidelity. In particular, we show that oscillations in the strength of the exchange interaction in solid state Si and Ge structures are correctable.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Transport Properties in Gapped Bilayer Graphene
Creators: name: Benlakhouy, Nadia
name: Mouhafid, Abderrahim El
name: Jellal, Ahmed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate transport properties through a rectangular potential barrier in AB-stacked bilayer graphene (AB-BLG) gapped by dielectric layers. Using the Dirac-like Hamiltonian with a transfer matrix approach we obtain transmission and reflection probabilities as well as the associated conductance. For two-band model and at normal incidence, we find extra resonances appearing in transmission compared to biased AB-BLG, which are Fabry-Pérot resonance type. Now by taking into account the inter-layer bias, we show that both of transmission and anti-Klein tunneling are diminished. Regarding four band model, we find that the gap suppresses transmission in an energy range by showing some behaviors look like "Mexican hats". We examine the total conductance and show that it is affected by the gap compared to AA-stacked bilayer graphene. In addition, we find that the suppression in conductance is more important than that for biased AB-BLG.
description: 9 pages, 2 column, 7 figures
The effects of purchasing carbon offsets on net household carbon emissions
Creators: name: Ngo, Nicole
name: Golden, Mary
name: Flores, Nicholas
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007
Subjects: Economic model
Carbon neutral
Efficiency
Online survey
Utilities
Transportation

Households contribute at least 20% to total U.S. carbon emission, but there is little scientific literature exploring this area. The purchase of carbon offsets is a new approach for households to manage their emissions or become carbon neutral. The primary concern behind carbon offsets is that consumers will substitute from efficiency for offsets. The objective of this study was to find the effects of carbon offsets on efficiency purchases and net household carbon emissions. First, an economic model examining the factors that influence household efficiency choices was mapped out. Then an online survey was used to observe the choices consumers make. It was found that participants lacked information about their carbon emissions (only 6% had ever calculated their carbon emissions online) or carbon offsets (26% had heard of carbon offsets). More than half of participants, however, were interested in receiving monthly reports about their emissions for their utilities and transportation. When asked about their willingness-to-pay for carbon neutrality for utilities, almost 50% were willing to pay some amount. Also, for higher costs goods, consumers were more likely to substitute efficiency for offsets. Using a mixture of efficiency and offsets as opposed to choosing efficiency only could curt emission by as much as 51% versus efficiency only. Results imply that carbon offsets are an effective and convenient tool in reducing carbon emissions, or at least make consumers more aware or their emissions. If governments or companies could communicate this information to consumers, also allowing them the option to offset, then major reductions in household carbon emissions could occur.
Improving data quality when sampling oxygen-18 isotopes in atmospheric carbon dioxide
Creators: name: Pardo Rodriquez, Lumari
name: White, James
name: Vaughn, Bruce
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007
Subjects: Plant respiration
Photosynthesis
Water vapor
Tropical
Subtropical
Meteorological data
Specific humidity

Plant respiration and photosynthesis are thought to influence the amount of oxygen -18 isotopes in atmospheric carbon dioxide, but water vapor trapped along with collected air samples affects the isotopic analysis process. If carbon dioxide exchanges Oxygen-19 isotopes with water vapor in the collection flasks, then it tends to reflect the isotopic signature of water instead of carbon dioxide. The problem is most significant in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. In this study, isotopic measurements since 1991 at two Bermuda sampling stations are compared with local meteorological data. This comparison could provide insight into the physical processes of biosphere-atmosphere interaction that may govern the measured oxygen isotopic signal. The two sampling stations on the same island offer a unique opportunity to test this hypothesis in a small region. Statistical analysis of over 360 measurements reveals that the percentage of samples rejected due to water vapor in sampling flasks is strongly correlated with specific humidity at the time of sample collection. Results from this research could significantly affect future sampling collection strategies and therefore improve the reliability of oxygen-18 measurements of carbon dioxide data in the Bermuda region. These results can enhance our understanding of interaction among meteorology, biology, environmental sciences, and could suggest that an alliance among them is needed.
Mean-Field Assisted Deep Boltzmann Learning with Probabilistic Computers
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Shuvro
name: Niazi, Shaila
name: Camsari, Kerem Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite their appeal as physics-inspired, energy-based and generative nature, general Boltzmann Machines (BM) are considered intractable to train. This belief led to simplified models of BMs with restricted intralayer connections or layer-by-layer training of deep BMs. Recent developments in domain-specific hardware -- specifically probabilistic computers (p-computer) with probabilistic bits (p-bit) -- may change established wisdom on the tractability of deep BMs. In this paper, we show that deep and unrestricted BMs can be trained using p-computers generating hundreds of billions of Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) samples per second, on sparse networks developed originally for use in D-Wave's annealers. To maximize the efficiency of learning the p-computer, we introduce two families of Mean-Field Theory assisted learning algorithms, or xMFTs (x = Naive and Hierarchical). The xMFTs are used to estimate the averages and correlations during the positive phase of the contrastive divergence (CD) algorithm and our custom-designed p-computer is used to estimate the averages and correlations in the negative phase. A custom Field-Programmable-Gate Array (FPGA) emulation of the p-computer architecture takes up to 45 billion flips per second, allowing the implementation of CD-$n$ where $n$ can be of the order of millions, unlike RBMs where $n$ is typically 1 or 2. Experiments on the full MNIST dataset with the combined algorithm show that the positive phase can be efficiently computed by xMFTs without much degradation when the negative phase is computed by the p-computer. Our algorithm can be used in other scalable Ising machines and its variants can be used to train BMs, previously thought to be intractable.
Transport & dispersion model sensitivity to input winds and source location
Creators: name: Rodriguez Manzanet, Luna
name: Bieringer, Paul
name: Warner, Tom
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007
Subjects: Observational data
Mesoscale-model-generated focast winds
Input errors
Wind fields
Street-level plume errors
Truth plane

Many transport and dispersion (T&D) models use observational data or mesoscale-model-generated forecast winds as input. This research examines how errors in these input wind fields can translate into T&D model solution errors. In particular, this study focuses on street level plume errors that occur in building aware T&D models for a set of scenarios where the release location varies relative to the building locations. This problem was evaluated by first creating a “truth” plum for a given release location and wind direction. Then the T&D model errors associated with input wind errors were determined by comparing plumes calculated using wind directions varied at 2° increments to the truth plume. Results show that the relative impact of input errors vary significantly with the release location and the wind direction relative to buildings.
The Extrasolar Planet epsilon Eridani b - Orbit and Mass
Creators: name: Benedict, G. Fritz
name: McArthur, Barbara E.
name: Gatewood, George
name: Nelan, Edmund
name: Cochran, William D.
name: Hatzes, Artie
name: Endl, Michael
name: Wittenmyer, Robert
name: Baliunas, Sallie L.
name: Walker, Gordon A. H.
name: Yang, Stephenson
name: Kurster, Martin
name: Els, Sebastian
name: Paulson, Diane B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hubble Space Telescope observations of the nearby (3.22 pc), K2 V star epsilon Eridani have been combined with ground-based astrometric and radial velocity data to determine the mass of its known companion. We model the astrometric and radial velocity measurements simultaneously to obtain the parallax, proper motion, perturbation period, perturbation inclination, and perturbation size. Because of the long period of the companion, \eps b, we extend our astrometric coverage to a total of 14.94 years (including the three year span of the \HST data) by including lower-precision ground-based astrometry from the Allegheny Multichannel Astrometric Photometer. Radial velocities now span 1980.8 -- 2006.3. We obtain a perturbation period, P = 6.85 +/- 0.03 yr, semi-major axis, alpha =1.88 +/- 0.20 mas, and inclination i = 30.1 +/- 3.8 degrees. This inclination is consistent with a previously measured dust disk inclination, suggesting coplanarity. Assuming a primary mass M_* = 0.83 M_{\sun}, we obtain a companion mass M = 1.55 +/- 0.24 M_{Jup}. Given the relatively young age of epsilon Eri (~800 Myr), this accurate exoplanet mass and orbit can usefully inform future direct imaging attempts. We predict the next periastron at 2007.3 with a total separation, rho = 0.3 arcsec at position angle, p.a. = -27 degrees. Orbit orientation and geometry dictate that epsilon Eri b will appear brightest in reflected light very nearly at periastron. Radial velocities spanning over 25 years indicate an acceleration consistent with a Jupiter-mass object with a period in excess of 50 years, possibly responsible for one feature of the dust morphology, the inner cavity.
The effect of CO₂ stabilization on uptake rates in land and ocean sinks as a function of ocean circulation, vegetation type, and CO₂ fertilization
Creators: name: Searles, ZiZi
name: Thornton, Peter
name: Denning, Scott
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007
Subjects: Climate change
Carbon dioxide
Policymakers
Ocean sinks
Long-lived forests
Short-lived steppes
IDL code
Tethys

In order to mitigate effects of climate change, governing entities need to limit carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the atmosphere to a concentration yet to be determined. To assist policymakers, this experiment tested selected sensitivities of the land and ocean sinks to a proposed CO₂ stabilization scenario of 600 parts per million by 2100. Sensitivities evaluated were the effect of CO₂ fertilization on vegetation, the effect of long-lived forests vs. short-lived steppes, and the effect of various ocean circulation rates. All simulations were done with Tethys, a four-box earth-systems model consisting of a vegetation-soil reservoir, ocean, atmosphere, and emissions source. Results are generated through a series of equations written in IDL code, parameterized to simulate key processes in the climate-carbon cycle. Results generated in response to ocean and land sink behavior included peak allowable emissions, CO₂ uptake rates in a reservoir, and the maximum amount of allowable emissions to maintain concentrations at 600 ppm. Tethys predicted that the rate of carbon uptake in the oceans will decrease with an increase in circulation time, and that the vegetation sink will cease to exist soon after atmospheric CO₂ is stabilized. Simulations suggest that grasslands will absorb more CO₂ than forests, a result that indicates a flaw in the model. The carbon cycle sensitivities tested in this experiment determine how much humans can emit and how quickly emissions need to be reduced to meet stabilization goals. Future sink behavior should be incorporated into any plan that seeks to stabilize atmospheric CO₂.
Subtitles to Segmentation: Improving Low-Resource Speech-to-Text Translation Pipelines
Creators: name: Wan, David
name: Jiang, Zhengping
name: Kedzie, Chris
name: Turcan, Elsbeth
name: Bell, Peter
name: McKeown, Kathleen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we focus on improving ASR output segmentation in the context of low-resource language speech-to-text translation. ASR output segmentation is crucial, as ASR systems segment the input audio using purely acoustic information and are not guaranteed to output sentence-like segments. Since most MT systems expect sentences as input, feeding in longer unsegmented passages can lead to sub-optimal performance. We explore the feasibility of using datasets of subtitles from TV shows and movies to train better ASR segmentation models. We further incorporate part-of-speech (POS) tag and dependency label information (derived from the unsegmented ASR outputs) into our segmentation model. We show that this noisy syntactic information can improve model accuracy. We evaluate our models intrinsically on segmentation quality and extrinsically on downstream MT performance, as well as downstream tasks including cross-lingual information retrieval (CLIR) tasks and human relevance assessments. Our model shows improved performance on downstream tasks for Lithuanian and Bulgarian.
Effects of land cover characteristics on urban hydrological systems: An analysis for the Colorado Front Range
Creators: name: Silva, Armand
name: Gochis, David
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007
Subjects: Flood-prone environment
Urban hydrology
Storm runoff
Watershed

Colorado's Front Range region is experiencing rapid growth in population, and therefore significant changes in land cover characteristics, in an already flood-prone environment. To observe the effects these changes have had on urban hydrology patters, an analysis of land cover change between 1992 and 2001 was performed, in addition to a comparison of stream inflow values between the two years and between different watersheds. Land cover data for 1992 and 2001 were downloaded and reclassified. These data were processed through the Noah- Distributed Hydrologic Model to obtain idealized streamflow values. Watersheds were then defined using data from the HYDRO 1K North America Dataset and the National Hydrography Dataset, and then overlaid on top of urban masks for 1992 and 2001. Urban land cover and storm runoff values were summed for each watershed. All city areas, with the exception of Boulder, experienced an increase in urban land area between the two years. All city areas, with the exception of Denver, experienced a decrease in total storm runoff between the two years. It was anticipated that increasing urban land area would result in an increase of storm runoff for a particular location. Therefore, only Denver and Boulder followed the expected correlations between change in urban land area and change in storm runoff between 1992 and 2001. More studies using other analytical approaches must be carried out in order to understand the processes occurring within the region. Interpretation of these further studies would aid in diagnosing areas of risk for future flash flooding events.
Parabolic bifurcation loci in the spaces of rational functions
Creators: name: Okuyama, Yûsuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a geometric description of the parabolic bifurcation locus in the space $\operatorname{Rat}_d$ of all rational functions on $\mathbb{P}^1$ of degree $d>1$, generalizing the study by Morton and Vivaldi in the case of monic polynomials. The results are new even for quadratic rational functions.
description: 19 pages
Microcontroller based bidirectional buck boost converter for photo voltaic power plant
Creators: name: V, Viswanatha
name: R, Venkata Siva Reddy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A common configuration for a stand-alone PV power system may consist of three converters: a buck converter for the PV panelto charge the battery, a boost converter for the battery to discharge to the load and one for the load voltage regulation. Such a systemrequires a coordinated control scheme for three converters which can be complicated. A simple structure for a stand-alone PV plantconsists of a PV array, a battery unit, and its associated bidirectional converter which is a combination of a buck and boost converter.When controlled properly the system can provide uninterrupted power to the load, despite the intermittent availability of sunlight. Inthis paper complete design of the converter is carried out and the simulation has been performed using Psim. From the simulation,the graphs are presented to show the converter working in buck mode and boost mode. Controller is designed to take care of modetransition, buck to boost and boost to buck mode automatically based on source voltage. Hardware implementation has been doneusing microcontroller (8051).
TESS observations of Cepheid stars: first light results
Creators: name: Plachy, E.
name: Pál, A.
name: Bódi, A.
name: Szabó, P.
name: Molnár, L.
name: Szabados, L.
name: Benkő, J. M.
name: Anderson, R. I.
name: Bellinger, E. P.
name: Bhardwaj, A.
name: Ebadi, M.
name: Gazeas, K.
name: Hambsch, F. -J.
name: Hasanzadeh, A.
name: Jurkovic, M. I.
name: Kalaee, M. J.
name: Kervella, P.
name: Kolenberg, K.
name: Mikołajczyk, P.
name: Nardetto, N.
name: Nemec, J. M.
name: Netzel, H.
name: Ngeow, C. -C.
name: Ozuyar, D.
name: Pascual-Granado, J.
name: Pilecki, B.
name: Ripepi, V.
name: Skarka, M.
name: Smolec, R.
name: Sódor, Á.
name: Szabó, R.
name: Christensen-Dalsgaard, J.
name: Jenkins, J. M.
name: Kjeldsen, H.
name: Ricker, G. R.
name: Vanderspek, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first analysis of Cepheid stars observed by the TESS space mission in Sectors 1 to 5. Our sample consists of 25 pulsators: ten fundamental mode, three overtone and two double-mode classical Cepheids, plus three Type II and seven anomalous Cepheids. The targets were chosen from fields with different stellar densities, both from the Galactic field and from the Magellanic System. Three targets have 2-minute cadence light curves available by the TESS Science Processing Operations Center: for the rest, we prepared custom light curves from the full-frame images with our own differential photometric FITSH pipeline. Our main goal was to explore the potential and the limitations of TESS concerning the various subtypes of Cepheids. We detected many low amplitude features: weak modulation, period jitter, and timing variations due to light-time effect. We also report signs of non-radial modes and the first discovery of such a mode in an anomalous Cepheid, the overtone star XZ Cet, which we then confirmed with ground-based multicolor photometric measurements. We prepared a custom photometric solution to minimize saturation effects in the bright fundamental-mode classical Cepheid, $β$ Dor with the lightkurve software, and we revealed strong evidence of cycle-to-cycle variations in the star. In several cases, however, fluctuations in the pulsation could not be distinguished from instrumental effects, such as contamination from nearby sources which also varies between sectors. Finally, we discuss how precise light curve shapes will be crucial not only for classification purposes but also to determine physical properties of these stars.
description: 30 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in ApJS
Simulation of hurricane-ocean interaction for Hurricane Katrina: Coupling WRF with a 1-D ocean model
Creators: name: Trent, Kimberly
name: Holland, Gregory
name: Rotunno, Richard
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007
Subjects: Shoreline habitation
Hurricane zones
Numerical model
Local mixing
Upwelling
Ocean response

Given the drastic increase in shoreline habitation in hurricane zones and recent hurricane disasters such as Katrina (2005), every effort should be made to improve the accuracy of hurricane simulations. In this research project, a simulation of Katrina was run using the WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting) atmospheric, numerical model coupled with the 1-D PWP (Price-Weller-Pinkel) isolated-column ocean model. The goal of this study was to determine the sufficiency of coupling with a 1-D ocean model in terms of the accuracy of the ocean response to the hurricane and the ocean feedback (the hurricane response). There are two parts of the ocean response, local mixing and upwelling. Both components bring deeper, colder water up to the surface, decreasing the temperature of the warmer, surface mixed layer. This cooling decreases the amount of energy available to the storm. The PWP ocean model is only able to simulate the local mixing element of the ocean response. However, a full 3-D ocean model is needed to account for the upwelling factor as well. Results show that coupling WRF with the PWP ocean model does not produce a significant hurricane response. This result can be attributed to how the PWP has to be initialized due to its simplicity, and to the modelâs inability to capture the upwelling component of the ocean response. We anticipate that using a 3-D ocean model will produce a simulation that more closely follows actual events in terms of the physics of the hurricane-ocean interaction due to the 3-D modelâs ability to use a more complete initialization procedure, and its ability to capture both aspects of the ocean response.
Letter from J. Corbet at The Canadian Bank of Commerce to "Sir" [James Goldie], July 7, 1914
Creators: name: Canadian Bank Of Commerce
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to "Sir" [James Goldie] from J. Corbet at The Canadian Bank of Commerce, dated July 7, 1914, advising him that they have still not received Robert Stanhope Dormer's statement and that the account is overdrawn.
Using radio occultation soundings to study mesoscale convective systems
Creators: name: Villanueva-Birriel, Cecille
name: Kuo, Ying-Hwa
name: Schreiner, William
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007
Subjects: Damage
Limb sounding
GPS
Vertical profiles
Destructive storms
COSMIC
Radiosonde

Mesoscale Convective Systems or MCS, formed particularly in the mid latitudes, are responsible for a great deal of damage especially in the summer time. These systems are hard to predict and forecast since many of the instruments used to collect data inside of them are not always reliable and are limited in use. A new satellite-based atmospheric limb sounding technique, called GPS radio occultation, has all-weather capability and may be able to provide vertical profiles of atmospheric parameters inside MCSs to help better understand these destructive storms. This study examines 9 GPS radio occultation observations from the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate (COSMIC) that occur inside MCSs. We found that the COSMIC profiles consistently penetrate close to the surface and agree well with near-by radiosonde data in terms of refractivity, the fundamental atmospheric parameter provided by RO. However, the temperature and moisture retrievals that are estimated by a 1D variational assimilation procedure (i.e. a combination of RO refractivity and a first guess model) exhibit a dry bias that is currently under investigation.
Generalization of the Tavis-Cummings model for multi-level anharmonic systems
Creators: name: Campos-Gonzalez-Angulo, Jorge A.
name: Ribeiro, Raphael F.
name: Yuen-Zhou, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction between anharmonic quantum emitters (e.g., molecular vibrations) and confined electromagnetic fields gives rise to quantum states with optical and chemical properties that are different from those of their precursors. The exploration of these properties has been typically constrained to the first excitation manifold, the harmonic approximation, ensembles of two-level systems [Tavis-Cummings (TC) model], or the anharmonic single-molecule case. The present work studies, for the first time, a collective ensemble of identical multi-level anharmonic emitters and their dipolar interaction with a photonic cavity mode. The permutational properties of the system allow identifying symmetry classified submanifolds in the energy spectrum. Notably, in this approach, the number of particles, typically in the order of several millions, becomes only a parameter from the operational standpoint, and the size of the dimension of the matrices to diagonalize is independent of it. The formalism capabilities are illustrated by showing the energy spectrum structure, up to the third excitation manifold, and the calculation of the photon contents as a permutationally invariant quantity. Emphasis is placed on (a) the collective (superradiant) scalings of light-matter couplings and the various submanifolds of dark (subradiant) states with no counterpart in the single-molecule case, as well as (b) the delocalized modes containing more than one excitation per molecule with no equivalent in the TC model. We expect these findings to be applicable in the study of non-linear spectroscopy and chemistry of polaritons.
description: 37 pages, 4 figures
SwitchTab: Switched Autoencoders Are Effective Tabular Learners
Creators: name: Wu, Jing
name: Chen, Suiyao
name: Zhao, Qi
name: Sergazinov, Renat
name: Li, Chen
name: Liu, Shengjie
name: Zhao, Chongchao
name: Xie, Tianpei
name: Guo, Hanqing
name: Ji, Cheng
name: Cociorva, Daniel
name: Brunzel, Hakan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-supervised representation learning methods have achieved significant success in computer vision and natural language processing, where data samples exhibit explicit spatial or semantic dependencies. However, applying these methods to tabular data is challenging due to the less pronounced dependencies among data samples. In this paper, we address this limitation by introducing SwitchTab, a novel self-supervised method specifically designed to capture latent dependencies in tabular data. SwitchTab leverages an asymmetric encoder-decoder framework to decouple mutual and salient features among data pairs, resulting in more representative embeddings. These embeddings, in turn, contribute to better decision boundaries and lead to improved results in downstream tasks. To validate the effectiveness of SwitchTab, we conduct extensive experiments across various domains involving tabular data. The results showcase superior performance in end-to-end prediction tasks with fine-tuning. Moreover, we demonstrate that pre-trained salient embeddings can be utilized as plug-and-play features to enhance the performance of various traditional classification methods (e.g., Logistic Regression, XGBoost, etc.). Lastly, we highlight the capability of SwitchTab to create explainable representations through visualization of decoupled mutual and salient features in the latent space.
Interpretation of return levels under a changing climate
Creators: name: Walter, Marcus
name: Katz, Richard
name: Brown, Barbara
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007
Subjects: Extreme events
Flooding events
Economic and social effects
Climate change

Extreme events, particularly flooding events, have devastating economic and social effects on the United States. These effects have led meteorologists, hydrologists, as well as statisticians, to study flooding and other extreme events using frequency analysis to estimate their likelihood of occurring. This information can be used as input to protect people and property from damaging extreme events. The concepts of return level and return period, derived from frequency analysis, were devised long ago to convey the risk of rare events for a stationary climate. It was shown that the traditional concepts of return level and return period are very volatile to a changing climate from the use of frequency analysis and by means of examples from two annual peak stream flow data sets. In order to effectively consider climate change, two possible extensions were developed, one based on the expected frequency of events and the other based on the expected waiting time until the next event. It was also shown that these two ways of extending the concept of return level are far from equivalent through an example of a set of annual peak stream flow data used as an analog for climate change. More research is needed to learn which definition would be preferable to convey uncertainty about extreme events under climate change.
POULTRY HYGIENE IN HOUSEHOLD CONDITIONS
Creators: name: B. Kazaxbaev, R. Karimov, S. Shernazarov, senior teacher of the "Zooengineering and Veterinary" department Assistant of the "Zooengineering and Veterinary" department
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The article shows the development of poultry farming in farmers' and private auxiliary farms, the issues of poultry care and feeding, the need to carry out breeding work and create a stable feed base in these farms.

Keywords: Poultry house, poultry farm, factory, floor, cage, feeding, microclimate indicators, breeding, bedding
Deep Molecular Dreaming: Inverse machine learning for de-novo molecular design and interpretability with surjective representations
Creators: name: Shen, Cynthia
name: Krenn, Mario
name: Eppel, Sagi
name: Aspuru-Guzik, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Computer-based de-novo design of functional molecules is one of the most prominent challenges in cheminformatics today. As a result, generative and evolutionary inverse designs from the field of artificial intelligence have emerged at a rapid pace, with aims to optimize molecules for a particular chemical property. These models 'indirectly' explore the chemical space; by learning latent spaces, policies, distributions or by applying mutations on populations of molecules. However, the recent development of the SELFIES string representation of molecules, a surjective alternative to SMILES, have made possible other potential techniques. Based on SELFIES, we therefore propose PASITHEA, a direct gradient-based molecule optimization that applies inceptionism techniques from computer vision. PASITHEA exploits the use of gradients by directly reversing the learning process of a neural network, which is trained to predict real-valued chemical properties. Effectively, this forms an inverse regression model, which is capable of generating molecular variants optimized for a certain property. Although our results are preliminary, we observe a shift in distribution of a chosen property during inverse-training, a clear indication of PASITHEA's viability. A striking property of inceptionism is that we can directly probe the model's understanding of the chemical space it was trained on. We expect that extending PASITHEA to larger datasets, molecules and more complex properties will lead to advances in the design of new functional molecules as well as the interpretation and explanation of machine learning models.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures; comments welcome
Biomedical and industrial applications of atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasmas
Creators: name: Laurita, Romolo <1986>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: ING-IND/18 Fisica dei reattori nucleari

description: This dissertation will be focused on the characterization of an atmospheric pressure plasma jet source with an application oriented diagnostic approach and the description of processes supported by this plasma source. 
The plasma source investigated is a single electrode plasma jet. Schlieren images, optical emission spectra, temperature and heat flux profiles are analyzed to deeply investigate the fluid dynamic, the chemical composition and the thermal output of the plasma generated with a nanosecond-pulsed high voltage generator. The maximum temperature measured is about 45 °C and values close to the room temperature are reached 10 mm down the source outlet, ensuring the possibility to use the plasma jet for the treatment of thermosensitive materials, such as, for example, biological substrate or polymers. Electrospinning of polymeric solution allows the production of nanofibrous non-woven mats and the plasma pre-treatment of the solutions leads to the realization of defect free nanofibers. The use of the plasma jet allows the electrospinnability of a non-spinnable poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) solution, suitable for the production of biological scaffold for the wound dressing.
On "Rotating charged AdS solutions in quadratic $f(T)$ gravity": New rotating solutions
Creators: name: Azreg-Aïnou, Mustapha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that there are two or more procedures to generalize the known four-dimensional transformation, aiming to generate cylindrically rotating charged exact solutions, to higher dimensional spacetimes . In the one procedure, presented in Eur. Phys. J. C (2019) \textbf{79}:668, one uses a non-trivial, non-diagonal, Minkowskian metric $\barη_{ij}$ to derive complicated rotating solutions. In the other procedure, discussed in this work, one selects a diagonal Minkowskian metric $η_{ij}$ to derive much simpler and appealing rotating solutions. We also show that if ($g_{μν},\,η_{ij}$) is a rotating solution then ($\bar{g}_{μν},\,\barη_{ij}$) is a rotating solution too with similar geometrical properties, provided $\barη_{ij}$ and $η_{ij}$ are related by a symmetric matrix $R$: $\barη_{ij}=η_{ik}R_{kj}$.
description: 5 twocolumn pages, to appear in the European Physical Journal C
Copper Planar Microcoils Applied to Magnetic Actuation
Creators: name: Moulin, J.
name: Woytasik, M.
name: Martincic, E.
name: Dufour-Gergam, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advances in microtechnology allow realization of planar microcoils. These components are integrated in MEMS as magnetic sensor or actuator. In the latter case, it is necessary to maximize the effective magnetic field which is proportional to the current passing through the copper track and depends on the distance to the generation microcoil. The aim of this work was to determine the optimal microcoil design configuration for magnetic field generation. The results were applied to magnetic actuation, taking into account technological constraints. In particular, we have considered different realistic configurations that involve a magnetically actuated device coupled to a microcoil. Calculations by a semi-analytical method using Matlab software were validated by experimental measurements. The copper planar microcoils are fabricated by U.V. micromoulding on different substrates: flexible polymer (Kapton) and silicate on silicon. They are constituted by a spiral-like continuous track. Their total surface is about 1 mm2.
description: Submitted on behalf of EDA Publishing Association (http://irevues.inist.fr/EDA-Publishing)
Collaborative environment models for extended reality
Creators: name: Linagora (France)
Publisher: name: CORTEX2 Horizon Europe Project
Year: 2024

description: This deliverable outlines the boundaries of a CORTEX² application and differentiates it from existing virtual applications such as those in the domains of gaming and entertainment. The specificity of CORTEX² applications is their focus on cooperation and collaboration. This leads to the use of functionalities adapted to this use cases, which we classify under the name of CORTEX² applications. To this aim, we have developed an abstract UML model, as well as concepts and knowledge about behaviors and intentions that are suited to the development and use of CORTEX² application. After presenting the developed model of application, behaviors and intentions, we validate the model across the planned pilots and verify the applicability of the models. Finally, we stress societal and ethical factors that are important for CORTEX² applications.
Comparing simulations to observations of photochemical reactive gaseous pollutants above and downwind of Mexico City
Creators: name: Williams, Christopher
name: McKenna, None
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007
Subjects: Emissions
Urban population
Air pollution
Chemical species
Photolysis
Sensitivity test

The magnitude of emissions associated with urban activities will increase as urban population increases. Prolonged exposure to air pollution can negatively affect humans and the environment. The goal of this research project is to examine how changes in urban emissions affect the concentration of chemical species above and downwind of Mexico City using the National Center for Atmospheric Research Master Mechanism (MM). First, the photolysis of nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) was simulated. The result shows for a short time span an analytical solution can be used to approximate the rate of change of NO₂ concentration when photolyzed, but for a longer time span a larger set of reactions must be taken into account. Next, the MM’s simulation of photochemical reactions above and downwind of Mexico City was compared to concentration measurements of sampled air pollutants which are compiled in the MIRAGE-Mex field campaign database. Then a sensitivity test was conducted to reduce the urban emission of nitric oxide (NO) by reducing the NO urban emission by a factor of eight. The results of the MM simulation indicate significant disparities between air pollutant concentration partitioning as determined by the MM and air pollutant concentration measurements made above Mexico City. Overall, the MM does not yet reasonably simulate photochemistry above Mexico City. The results from this research project can be used to better understand which initial concentrations and values in the input files for MM need to be changed in order to obtain reasonable simulations of photochemistry above Mexico City.