cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The optical spectra of Spitzer 24 micron galaxies in the COSMOS field: II. Faint infrared sources in the zCOSMOS-bright 10k catalogue
Creators: name: Caputi, K. I.
name: Lilly, S. J.
name: Aussel, H.
name: Floc'h, E. Le
name: Sanders, D.
name: Maier, C.
name: Frayer, D.
name: Carollo, C. M.
name: Contini, T.
name: Kneib, J. -P.
name: Fevre, O. Le
name: Mainieri, V.
name: Renzini, A.
name: Scodeggio, M.
name: Scoville, N.
name: Zamorani, G.
name: Bardelli, S.
name: Bolzonella, M.
name: Bongiorno, A.
name: Coppa, G.
name: Cucciati, O.
name: de la Torre, S.
name: de Ravel, L.
name: Franzetti, P.
name: Garilli, B.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: Iovino, A.
name: Kampczyk, P.
name: Kartaltepe, J.
name: Knobel, C.
name: Kovac, K.
name: Lamareille, F.
name: Borgne, J. -F. Le
name: Brun, V. Le
name: Mignoli, M.
name: Peng, Y.
name: Perez-Montero, E.
name: Ricciardelli, E.
name: Salvato, M.
name: Silverman, J.
name: Surace, J.
name: Tanaka, M.
name: Tasca, L.
name: Tresse, L.
name: Vergani, D.
name: Zucca, E.
name: Abbas, U.
name: Bottini, D.
name: Capak, P.
name: Cappi, A.
name: Cassata, P.
name: Cimatti, A.
name: Elvis, M.
name: Hasinger, G.
name: Koekemoer, A. M.
name: Leauthaud, A.
name: Maccagni, D.
name: Marinoni, C.
name: McCracken, H.
name: Memeo, P.
name: Meneux, B.
name: Oesch, P.
name: Pello, R.
name: Porciani, C.
name: Pozzetti, L.
name: Scaramella, R.
name: Scarlata, C.
name: Schiminovich, D.
name: Taniguchi, Y.
name: Zamojski, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the zCOSMOS-bright 10k sample to identify 3244 Spitzer/MIPS 24-micron-selected galaxies with 0.06< S(24um)< 0.50 mJy and I(AB)<22.5, over 1.5 deg^2 of the COSMOS field, and studied different spectral properties, depending on redshift. At 0.2
description: 25 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in the ApJ
QED Energy-Momentum Trace as a Force in Astrophysics
Creators: name: Labun, Lance
name: Rafelski, Johann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of the trace $\Tmm$ of the QED energy-momentum tensor in the presence of quasi-constant external electromagnetic fields. We exhibit the origin of $\Tmm$ in the quantum nonlinearity of the electromagnetic theory. We obtain the quantum vacuum fluctuation-induced interaction of a particle with the field of a strongly magnetized compact stellar object.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; Added discussion of the force induced by vacuum fluctuations in presence of strong external magnetic field
Lifelines in case of Natural Disaster Emergencies
Creators: name: Polyzoni, Chrysanthi <1983>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: ICAR/02 Costruzioni idrauliche e marittime e idrologia

description: In order to handle Natural disasters, emergency areas are often individuated over the territory, close to populated centres. In these areas, rescue services are located which respond with resources and materials for population relief.
A method of automatic positioning of these centres in case of a flood or an earthquake is presented. The positioning procedure consists of two distinct parts developed by the research group of Prof Michael G. H. Bell of Imperial College, London, refined and applied to real cases at the University of Bologna under the coordination of Prof Ezio Todini.
There are certain requirements that need to be observed such as the maximum number of rescue points as well as the number of people involved. Initially, the candidate points are decided according to the ones proposed by the local civil protection services. We then calculate all possible routes from each candidate rescue point to all other points, generally using the concept of the "hyperpath", namely a set of paths each one of which may be optimal. The attributes of the road network are of fundamental importance, both for the calculation of the ideal distance and eventual delays due to the event measured in travel time units.
In a second phase, the distances are used to decide the optimum rescue point positions using heuristics. This second part functions by "elimination". In the beginning, all points are considered rescue centres. During every interaction we wish to delete one point and calculate the impact it creates. In each case, we delete the point that creates less impact until we reach the number of rescue centres we wish to keep.
Design of microring resonators integrated with 2D graphene oxide films for four-wave mixing
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuning
name: Wu, Jiayang
name: Qu, Yang
name: Jia, Linnan
name: Jia, Baohua
name: Moss, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate and optimize the performance of four-wave mixing (FWM) in microring resonators (MRRs) integrated with two-dimensional (2D) layered graphene oxide (GO) films. Owing to the interaction between the MRRs and the highly nonlinear GO films as well as to the resonant enhancement effect, the FWM efficiency in GO-coated MRRs can be significantly improved. Based on previous experiments, we perform detailed analysis for the influence of the GO film parameters and MRR coupling strength on the FWM conversion efficiency (CE) of the hybrid MRRs. By optimizing the device parameters to balance the trade-off between the Kerr nonlinearity and loss, we achieve a high CE enhancement of ~18.6 dB relative to the uncoated MRR, which is ~8.3 dB higher than previous experimental results. The influence of photo-thermal changes in the GO films as well as variations in the MRR parameters such as the ring radius and waveguide dispersion on the FWM performance is also discussed. These results highlight the significantly improved FWM performance that can be achieved in MRRs incorporating GO films and provide a guide for optimizing their FWM performance.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, 40 references
Entanglement of Periodic States, the Quantum Fourier Transform and Shor's Factoring Algorithm
Creators: name: Most, Yonatan
name: Shimoni, Yishai
name: Biham, Ofer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The preprocessing stage of Shor's algorithm generates a class of quantum states referred to as periodic states, on which the quantum Fourier transform is applied. Such states also play an important role in other quantum algorithms that rely on the quantum Fourier transform. Since entanglement is believed to be a necessary resource for quantum computational speedup, we analyze the entanglement of periodic states and the way it is affected by the quantum Fourier transform. To this end, we derive a formula that evaluates the Groverian entanglement measure for periodic states. Using this formula, we explain the surprising result that the Groverian entanglement of the periodic states built up during the preprocessing stage is only slightly affected by the quantum Fourier transform.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures
Free Expansion of a Weakly-interacting Dipolar Fermi Gas
Creators: name: Nishimura, Takushi
name: Maruyama, Tomoyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate a polarized dipolar Fermi gas in free expansion. The inter-particle dipolar interaction deforms phase-space distribution in trap and also in the expansion. We exactly predict the minimal quadrupole deformation in the expansion for the high-temperature Maxwell-Boltzmann and zero-temperature Thomas-Fermi gases in the Hartree-Fock and Landau-Vlasov approaches. In conclusion, we provide a proper approach to develop the time-of-flight method for the weakly-interacting dipolar Fermi gas and also reveal a scaling law associated with the Liouville's theorem in the long-time behaviors of the both gases.
Transforming the Preparation of Physics GTAs: Curriculum Development
Creators: name: Alicea-Muñoz, Emily
name: Sullivan, Carol Subiño
name: Schatz, Michael F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graduate Teaching Assistants (GTAs) are key partners in the education of undergraduates. Given the potentially large impact GTAs can have on undergraduate student learning, it is important to provide them with appropriate preparation for teaching. But GTAs are students themselves, and not all of them desire to pursue an academic career. Fully integrating GTA preparation into the professional development of graduate students lowers the barrier to engagement so that all graduate students may benefit from the opportunity to explore teaching and its applications to many potential career paths. In this paper we describe the design and implementation of a GTA Preparation course for first-year Ph.D. students at the Georgia Tech School of Physics. Through a yearly cycle of implementation and revision, guided by the 3P Framework we developed (Pedagogy, Physics, Professional Development), the course has evolved into a robust and comprehensive professional development program that is well-received by physics graduate students.
description: Accepted in Physical Review Physics Education Research
Iterative building of Barabanov norms and computation of the joint spectral radius for matrix sets
Creators: name: Kozyakin, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A18; 15A60; 65F15

description: The problem of construction of Barabanov norms for analysis of properties of the joint (generalized) spectral radius of matrix sets has been discussed in a number of publications. The method of Barabanov norms was the key instrument in disproving the Lagarias-Wang Finiteness Conjecture. The related constructions were essentially based on the study of the geometrical properties of the unit balls of some specific Barabanov norms. In this context the situation when one fails to find among current publications any detailed analysis of the geometrical properties of the unit balls of Barabanov norms looks a bit paradoxical. Partially this is explained by the fact that Barabanov norms are defined nonconstructively, by an implicit procedure. So, even in simplest cases it is very difficult to visualize the shape of their unit balls. The present work may be treated as the first step to make up this deficiency. In the paper two iteration procedure are considered that allow to build numerically Barabanov norms for the irreducible matrix sets and simultaneously to compute the joint spectral radius of these sets.
description: 17 pages, 36 bibliography references, 3 figures; shortened version, new LaTeX style, fixed typos, accepted in DCDS-B
Student ownership and understanding of multi-week final projects
Creators: name: Lassen, Ira Ché
name: Arielle-Evans, Acacia
name: Ríos, Laura
name: Lewandowski, H. J.
name: Dounas-Frazer, Dimitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: National calls to transform laboratory courses by making them more discovery-based can be met by engaging students in multi-week final projects. One plausible outcome of this approach is that students may feel ownership of their projects. We define ownership as a dynamic relationship between students and their projects characterized by three student-project interactions that evolve over three project phases. Student-project interactions include students' contributions to, emotional responses to, and new understanding of the project. Phases include choosing the topic and team, carrying out the research, and creating and presenting end-of-project deliverables. Drawing on interviews with students collected as part of a multi-year, multi-institutional study, this paper will elaborate on the evolution of students' own new knowledge about the project across different project phases. Throughout our work, we compare the type of ownership that manifests when students work on projects in a lab course to the type of ownership gardeners feel when tending to plots in a community garden. We end with recommendations for instructors wishing to foster project ownership in their lab courses.
description: 6 pages; accepted for publication in 2021 Physics Education Research Conference (PERC) Proceedings
Timed tuplix calculus and the Wesseling and van den Bergh equation
Creators: name: Bergstra, J. A.
name: Middelburg, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We develop an algebraic framework for the description and analysis of financial behaviours, that is, behaviours that consist of transferring certain amounts of money at planned times. To a large extent, analysis of financial products amounts to analysis of such behaviours. We formalize the cumulative interest compliant conservation requirement for financial products proposed by Wesseling and van den Bergh by an equation in the framework developed and define a notion of financial product behaviour using this formalization. We also present some properties of financial product behaviours. The development of the framework has been influenced by previous work on the process algebra ACP.
description: 17 pages; phrasing improved, references updated; substantially improved; remarks added
Node Embedding from Neural Hamiltonian Orbits in Graph Neural Networks
Creators: name: Kang, Qiyu
name: Zhao, Kai
name: Song, Yang
name: Wang, Sijie
name: Tay, Wee Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the graph node embedding problem, embedding spaces can vary significantly for different data types, leading to the need for different GNN model types. In this paper, we model the embedding update of a node feature as a Hamiltonian orbit over time. Since the Hamiltonian orbits generalize the exponential maps, this approach allows us to learn the underlying manifold of the graph in training, in contrast to most of the existing literature that assumes a fixed graph embedding manifold with a closed exponential map solution. Our proposed node embedding strategy can automatically learn, without extensive tuning, the underlying geometry of any given graph dataset even if it has diverse geometries. We test Hamiltonian functions of different forms and verify the performance of our approach on two graph node embedding downstream tasks: node classification and link prediction. Numerical experiments demonstrate that our approach adapts better to different types of graph datasets than popular state-of-the-art graph node embedding GNNs. The code is available at \url{https://github.com/zknus/Hamiltonian-GNN}.
Complementary cooperation, minimal winning coalitions, and power indices
Creators: name: Cao, Zhigang
name: Yang, Xiaoguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a new simple game, which is referred to as the complementary weighted multiple majority game (C-WMMG for short). C-WMMG models a basic cooperation rule, the complementary cooperation rule, and can be taken as a sister model of the famous weighted majority game (WMG for short). In this paper, we concentrate on the two dimensional C-WMMG. An interesting property of this case is that there are at most $n+1$ minimal winning coalitions (MWC for short), and they can be enumerated in time $O(n\log n)$, where $n$ is the number of players. This property guarantees that the two dimensional C-WMMG is more handleable than WMG. In particular, we prove that the main power indices, i.e. the Shapley-Shubik index, the Penrose-Banzhaf index, the Holler-Packel index, and the Deegan-Packel index, are all polynomially computable. To make a comparison with WMG, we know that it may have exponentially many MWCs, and none of the four power indices is polynomially computable (unless P=NP). Still for the two dimensional case, we show that local monotonicity holds for all of the four power indices. In WMG, this property is possessed by the Shapley-Shubik index and the Penrose-Banzhaf index, but not by the Holler-Packel index or the Deegan-Packel index. Since our model fits very well the cooperation and competition in team sports, we hope that it can be potentially applied in measuring the values of players in team sports, say help people give more objective ranking of NBA players and select MVPs, and consequently bring new insights into contest theory and the more general field of sports economics. It may also provide some interesting enlightenments into the design of non-additive voting mechanisms. Last but not least, the threshold version of C-WMMG is a generalization of WMG, and natural variants of it are closely related with the famous airport game and the stable marriage/roommates problem.
description: 60 pages
Comparing the vacuum structure of quenched and dynamical configurations
Creators: name: Bruckmann, Falk
name: Gruber, Florian
name: Schäfer, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically compare filtering methods used to extract topological structures on SU(3) lattice configurations. We show that there is a strong correlation of the topological charge densities obtained by APE and Stout smearing. To get rid of artifacts of these methods, we analyze structures that are also seen by Laplace filtering. This combined analysis shows that the topological charge density is more fragmented in the presence of dynamical quarks.
description: 7 pages, talk presented at The XXVII International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 26-31 2009, Peking University, Beijing, China
Gate-induced half-metals in Bernal stacked graphene multilayer
Creators: name: Liang, Miao
name: Li, Shuai
name: Gao, Jin-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments indicate that the Bernal stacked graphene multilayer (BGM) have an interaction induced gapped (or pseudo gapped) ground state. Here, we propose that, due to the electron correlation, the BGM can be induced into a half metallic phase by applying a vertical electric field and doping. The half metallic states in even-layer and odd-layer BGMs have totally different behaviors, due to their different band structures. We systematically calculate the graphene tetralayer (4L-BGM) and trilayer (3L-BGM) as the typical examples of the even-layer and odd-layer BGMs, respectively. In 4L-BGM, we find an interesting phenomenon of electric field induced inversion of the spin-polarized bands. Namely, in the half metallic phase, the spin polarization of the conducting channel and the net magnetic moment are inversed when the applied electric field exceeds a critical value. In 3L-BGM, a remarkable feature is that the inequivalence of the the two sublattices will intrinsically break the degeneracy of the the spin-up and spin-down bands even in the zero electric field case. Our results suggest that 4L-BGM should be an ideal platform to detect the proposed half metallic phase in BGM systems.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Witten effect in a crystalline topological insulator
Creators: name: Rosenberg, G.
name: Franz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been noted a long time ago that a term of the form theta (e^2/2πh) B dot E may be added to the standard Maxwell Lagrangian without modifying the familiar laws of electricity and magnetism. theta is known to particle physicists as the 'axion' field and whether or not it has a nonzero expectation value in vacuum remains a fundamental open question of the Standard Model. A key manifestation of the axion term is the Witten effect: a unit magnetic monopole placed inside a medium with non-zero theta is predicted to bind a (generally fractional) electric charge -e(theta/2 pi+n) with n integer. Here we conduct a first test of the Witten effect, based on the recently established fact that the axion term with theta=pi emerges naturally in the description of the electromagnetic response of a new class of crystalline solids called topological insulators - materials distinguished by strong spin-orbit coupling and non-trivial band structure. Using a simple physical model for a topological insulator, we demonstrate the existence of a fractional charge bound to a monopole by an explicit numerical calculation. We also propose a scheme for generating an 'artificial' magnetic monopole in a topological insulator film, that may be used to facilitate the first experimental test of Witten's prediction.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. Version to appear in PRB; minor changes, discussion of several issues expanded
The metal-poor end of the Spite plateau. II. Detailed chemical investigation
Creators: name: Pinto, A. Matas
name: Spite, M.
name: Caffau, E.
name: Bonifacio, P.
name: Sbordone, L.
name: Sivarani, T.
name: Steffen, M.
name: Spite, F.
name: Francois, P.
name: Di Matteo, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The study of old, metal-poor stars deepens our knowledge on the early stages of the universe. In particular, the study of these stars gives us a valuable insight into the masses of the first massive stars and their emission of ionising photons. Aims. We present a detailed chemical analysis and determination of the kinematic and orbital properties of a sample of 11 dwarf stars. These are metal-poor stars, and a few of them present a low lithium content. We inspected whether the other elements also present anomalies. Methods. We analysed the high-resolution UVES spectra of a few metal-poor stars using the Turbospectrum code to synthesise spectral lines profiles. This allowed us to derive a detailed chemical analysis of Fe,
Unbounded bivariant $K$-theory and correspondences in noncommutative geometry
Creators: name: Mesland, Bram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L80

description: By introducing a notion of smooth connection for unbounded $KK$-cycles, we show that the Kasparov product of such cycles can be defined directly, by an algebraic formula. In order to achieve this it is necessary to develop a framework of smooth algebras and a notion of differentiable $C^{*}$-module. The theory of operator spaces provides the required tools. Finally, the above mentioned $KK$-cycles with connection can be viewed as the morphisms in a category whose objects are spectral triples.
description: 67 pages. Final version. Accepted for publication
Existence of ground states for a modified nonlinear Schrodinger equation
Creators: name: Ruiz, David
name: Siciliano, Gaetano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J10, 35J20, 35J60

description: In this paper we prove existence of ground state solutions of the modified nonlinear Schrodinger equation: $$ -Δu+V(x)u-{1/2}u Δu^{2}=|u|^{p-1}u, x \in \R^N, N \geq 3, $$ under some hypotheses on $V(x)$. This model has been proposed in the theory of superfluid films in plasma physics. As a main novelty with respect to some previous results, we are able to deal with exponents $p\in(1,3)$. The proof is accomplished by minimization under a convenient constraint.
N=1 Wess Zumino Model in d=3 at zero and finite temperature
Creators: name: Synatschke, Franziska
name: Braun, Jens
name: Wipf, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supersymmetric renormalization group (RG) flow equations for the effective superpotential of the three-dimensional Wess-Zumino model are derived at zero and non-zero temperature. This model with fermions and bosons interacting via a Yukawa term possesses a supersymmetric analogue of the Wilson-Fisher fixed-point. At zero temperature we determine the phase-transition line in coupling-constant space separating the supersymmetric from the non-supersymmetric phase. At finite temperature we encounter dimensional reduction from 3 to 2 dimensions in the infrared regime. We determine the finite-temperature phase diagram for the restoration of the global $Z_2$-symmetry and show that for temperatures above the $Z_2$ phase transition the pressure obeys the Stefan-Boltzmann law of a gas of massless bosons in 2+1 dimensions.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, typos corrected and some comments added, version to be published in Phys. Rev. D
Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation Solitons on Quantum Droplets
Creators: name: Carstea, A. S.
name: Ludu, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81V35, 76U99

description: Irrotational ow of a spherical thin liquid layer surrounding a rigid core is described using the defocusing nonlinear Schrodinger equation. Accordingly, azimuthal moving nonlinear waves are modeled by periodic dark solitons expressed by elliptic functions. In the quantum regime the algebraic Bethe ansatz is used in order to capture the energy levels of such motions, which we expect to be relevant for the dynamics of the nuclear clusters in deformed heavy nuclei surface modeled by quantum liquid drops. In order to validate the model we match our theoretical energy spectra with experimental results on energy, angular momentum and parity for alpha particle clustering nuclei.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Finitely forcible graphons
Creators: name: Lovasz, Laszlo
name: Szegedy, Balazs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C25, 05C75

description: We investigate families of graphs and graphons (graph limits) that are defined by a finite number of prescribed subgraph densities. Our main focus is the case when the family contains only one element, i.e., a unique structure is forced by finitely many subgraph densities. Generalizing results of Turan, Erdos-Simonovits and Chung-Graham-Wilson, we construct numerous finitely forcible graphons. Most of these fall into two categories: one type has an algebraic structure and the other type has an iterated (fractal-like) structure. We also give some necessary conditions for forcibility, which imply that finitely forcible graphons are "rare", and exhibit simple and explicit non-forcible graphons.
description: revised version, 40 pages
Additional file 1 of Assessment of patient-centered outcomes (PROs) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): a multicenter survey preceding a cross-disciplinary (functional) consensus
Creators: name: Yan, Xiaohan
name: Qiao, Yuqi
name: Tong, Jinglu
name: Mao, Ren
name: Liang, Jie
name: Lv, Cuicui
name: Chen, Yueying
name: Wang, Yiyan
name: Shen, Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1:Table 1. Demographics
The Pitfalls of Regionalism: The Participation of Pacific Island Countries in the Western and Central Pacific Fisheries Commission (WCPFC)
Creators: name: Aqorau, Transform
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT: Dept. of Pacific Affairs, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University
Year: 2019

description: Cooperation through regional agencies allows Pacific Island countries to negotiate collectively with distinct advantages, but is there a downside? Transform Aqorau argues that the type of support some regional agencies give can create dependency and undermine local capacity.
Internal Model Principle: 
extension to the switching case and applications
Creators: name: Toniato, Manuel <1980>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: ING-INF/04 Automatica

description: This thesis deals with a novel control approach based on the extension of the well-known Internal Model Principle to the case of periodic switched linear exosystems. This extension, inspired by power electronics applications, aims to provide an effective design method to robustly achieve the asymptotic tracking of periodic references with an infinite number of harmonics. In the first part of the thesis the basic components of the novel control scheme are described and preliminary results on stabilization are provided. In the second part, advanced control methods for two applications coming from the world high energy physics are presented.
Upper Bounds on the Capacities of Noncontrollable Finite-State Channels with/without Feedback
Creators: name: Huang, Xiujie
name: Kavcic, Aleksandar
name: Ma, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: H.1.1; E.4

description: Noncontrollable finite-state channels (FSCs) are FSCs in which the channel inputs have no influence on the channel states, i.e., the channel states evolve freely. Since single-letter formulae for the channel capacities are rarely available for general noncontrollable FSCs, computable bounds are usually utilized to numerically bound the capacities. In this paper, we take the delayed channel state as part of the channel input and then define the {\em directed information rate} from the new channel input (including the source and the delayed channel state) sequence to the channel output sequence. With this technique, we derive a series of upper bounds on the capacities of noncontrollable FSCs with/without feedback. These upper bounds can be achieved by conditional Markov sources and computed by solving an average reward per stage stochastic control problem (ARSCP) with a compact state space and a compact action space. By showing that the ARSCP has a uniformly continuous reward function, we transform the original ARSCP into a finite-state and finite-action ARSCP that can be solved by a value iteration method. Under a mild assumption, the value iteration algorithm is convergent and delivers a near-optimal stationary policy and a numerical upper bound.
description: 15 pages, Two columns, 6 figures; appears in IEEE Transaction on Information Theory
A type IIn supernova with coronal lines in the low-metallicity compact dwarf galaxy J1320+2155
Creators: name: Izotov, Y. I.
name: Thuan, T. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a type IIn supernova in the low-metallicity dwarf galaxy J1320+2155, with an oxygen abundance 12+logO/H = 8.0+/-0.2. This finding is based on SDSS (February 2008) and 3.5m Apache Point Observatory (February 2009) spectra taken one year apart, and on the observations that: the Hbeta and Halpha emission lines show broad components corresponding to gas expansion velocities of ~1600 km/s; the Balmer decrement is exceeedingly high: the Halpha/Hbeta flux ratio, being more than 30, implies a very dense environment (>10^7 cm^-3); and the Halpha broad luminosity decreases slowly, by only a factor of ~1.8 over the course of a year, typical of the slow luminosity evolution of a type IIn supernova. Several weak coronal lines of [Fe VII] and [Fe X] are also seen in the SDSS spectrum, implying ionization of the pre-shock circumstellar medium by shock-induced X-ray emission. The galaxy J1320+2155 is the first dwarf system ever to be discovered with a type IIn supernova exhibiting coronal lines in its spectrum.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Properties of the ionisation glitch: I. Modelling the ionisation region
Creators: name: Houdayer, Pierre S.
name: Reese, Daniel R.
name: Goupil, Marie-Jo
name: Lebreton, Yveline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determining the properties of solar-like oscillating stars can be subject to many biases. A particularly important example is the helium-mass degeneracy, where the uncertainties regarding the internal physics can cause a poor determination of both the mass and surface helium content. Accordingly, an independent helium estimate is needed to overcome this degeneracy. A promising way to obtain such an estimate is to exploit the so-called ionisation glitch, i.e. a deviation from the asymptotic oscillation frequency pattern caused by the rapid structural variation in the He ionisation zones. Although progressively becoming more sophisticated, the glitch-based approach faces problems inherent to its current modelling such as the need for calibration by realistic stellar models. This requires a physical model of the ionisation region explicitly involving the parameters of interest such as the surface helium abundance, $Y_s$. Through a thermodynamic treatment of the ionisation region, an analytical approximation for the first adiabatic exponent $Γ_1$ is presented. The induced stellar structure is found to depend on only three parameters including the surface helium abundance $Y_s$ and the electron degeneracy $ψ_\textrm{CZ}$ in the convective region. The model thus defined allows a wide variety of structures to be described and, in particular, is able to approximate a realistic model in the ionisation region. The modelling work conducted enables us to study the structural perturbations causing the glitch. More elaborate forms of perturbations than the ones usually assumed are found. It is also suggested that there might be a stronger dependence of the structure on both the electron degeneracy in the convection zone and on the position of the ionisation region rather than on the amount of helium itself.
Learner to learner fuzzy profiles similarity using a hybrid interaction analysis grid
Creators: name: Khentout, Chabane
name: Harbouche, Khadidja
name: Djoudi, Mahieddine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The analysis of remote discussions is not yet at the same level as the face-to-face ones. The present paper aspires twofold. On the one hand, it attempts to establish a suitable environment of interaction and collaboration among learners by using the speech acts via a semi structured synchronous communication tool. On the other, it aims to define behavioral profiles and interpersonal skills hybrid grid by matching the BALES' IPA and PLETY's analysis system. By applying the fuzzy logic, we formalize human reasoning and, thus, giving very appreciable flexibility to the reasoning that use it, which makes it possible to take into account imprecisions and uncertainties. In addition, the educational data mining techniques are used to optimize the mapping of behaviors to learner's profile, with similarity-based clustering, using Eros and PCA measures. In order to show the validity of our system, we performed an experiment on real-world data. The results show, among others: (1) the usefulness of fuzzy logic to properly translate the profile text descriptions into a mathematical format, (2) an irregularity in the behavior of the learners, (3) the correlation between the profiles, (4) the superiority of Eros method to the PCA factor in precision.
Kuramoto model with run-and-tumble dynamics
Creators: name: Frydel, Derek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work considers an extension of the Kuramoto model with run-and-tumble dynamics -- a type of self-propelled motion. The difference between the extended and the original model is that in the extended version angular velocity of individual particles is no longer fixed but can change sporadically with a new velocity drawn from a distribution g(w). Because the Kuramoto model undergoes a phase transition, it offers a simple case study for investigating phase transition for a system with self-propelled particles.
description: 9 pages
Effect of a magnetic field on the two-phonon Raman scattering in graphene
Creators: name: Faugeras, C.
name: Kossacki, P.
name: Basko, D. M.
name: Amado, M.
name: Sprinkle, M.
name: Berger, C.
name: de Heer, W. A.
name: Potemski, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied, both experimentally and theoretically, the change of the so-called 2D band of the Raman scattering spectrum of graphene (the two-phonon peak near 2700 cm-1) in an external magnetic field applied perpendicular to the graphene crystal plane at liquid helium temperature. A shift to lower frequency and broadening of this band is observed as the magnetic field is increased from 0 to 33 T. At fields up to 5--10 T the changes are quadratic in the field while they become linear at higher magnetic fields. This effect is explained by the curving of the quasiclassical trajectories of the photo-excited electrons and holes in the magnetic field, which enables us (i) to extract the electron inelastic scattering rate, and (ii) to conclude that electronic scattering accounts for about half of the measured width of the 2D peak.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Independent Component Alignment for Multi-Task Learning
Creators: name: Senushkin, Dmitry
name: Patakin, Nikolay
name: Kuznetsov, Arseny
name: Konushin, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In a multi-task learning (MTL) setting, a single model is trained to tackle a diverse set of tasks jointly. Despite rapid progress in the field, MTL remains challenging due to optimization issues such as conflicting and dominating gradients. In this work, we propose using a condition number of a linear system of gradients as a stability criterion of an MTL optimization. We theoretically demonstrate that a condition number reflects the aforementioned optimization issues. Accordingly, we present Aligned-MTL, a novel MTL optimization approach based on the proposed criterion, that eliminates instability in the training process by aligning the orthogonal components of the linear system of gradients. While many recent MTL approaches guarantee convergence to a minimum, task trade-offs cannot be specified in advance. In contrast, Aligned-MTL provably converges to an optimal point with pre-defined task-specific weights, which provides more control over the optimization result. Through experiments, we show that the proposed approach consistently improves performance on a diverse set of MTL benchmarks, including semantic and instance segmentation, depth estimation, surface normal estimation, and reinforcement learning. The source code is publicly available at https://github.com/SamsungLabs/MTL .
Microfluidic device and interfacial transport: application to biomolecules and nanostructures
Creators: name: Greco, Pierpaolo <1977>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: CHIM/02 Chimica fisica

description: The aim of my dissertation is to provide new knowledge and applications of microfluidics in a variety of problems, from materials science, devices, and biomedicine, where the control on the fluid dynamics and the local concentration of the solutions containing the relevant molecules (either materials, precursors, or biomolecules) is crucial. The control of interfacial phenomena occurring in solutions at dierent length scales is compelling in nanotechnology for devising new sensors, molecular electronics devices, memories.
Microfluidic devices were fabricated and integrated with organic electronics devices. The transduction involves the species in the solution which infills the transistor channel and confined by the microfluidic device. This device measures what happens on the surface, at few nanometers from the semiconductor channel. Soft-lithography was adopted to fabricate platinum electrodes, starting from platinum carbonyl precursor. I proposed a simple method to assemble these nanostructures in periodic arrays of microstripes, and form conductive electrodes with characteristic dimension of 600 nm. The conductivity of these sub-microwires is compared with the values reported in literature and bulk platinum. The process is suitable for fabricating thin conductive patterns for electronic devices or electrochemical cells, where the periodicity of the conductive pattern is comparable with the diusion length of the molecules in solution.
The ordering induced among artificial nanostructures is of particular interest in science. I show that large building blocks, like carbon nanotubes or core-shell nanoparticles, can be ordered and self-organised on a surface in patterns due to capillary forces. The eective probability of inducing order with microfluidic flow is modeled with finite element calculation on the real geometry of the microcapillaries, in soft-lithographic process.
The oligomerization of A40 peptide in microconfined environment represents a new investigation of the extensively studied peptide aggregation. The added value of the approach I devised is the precise control on the local concentration of peptides together with the possibility
to mimick cellular crowding. Four populations of oligomers where distinguished, with diameters ranging from 15 to 200 nm. These aggregates could not be addresses separately in fluorescence. The statistical analysis on the atomic force microscopy images together with a model of growth reveal new insights on the kinetics of amyloidogenesis as well as allows me to identify the minimum stable nucleus size. This is an important result owing to its implications in the understanding and early diagnosis and therapy of the Alzheimer’s disease
Perturbations of Black p-Branes
Creators: name: Abdalla, Elcio
name: Piedra, Owen Pavel Fernandez
name: de Oliveira, Jeferson
name: Molina, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider black $p$-brane solutions of the low energy string action, computing scalar perturbations. Using standard methods, we derive the wave equations obeyed by the perturbations and treat them analytically and numerically. We have found that tensorial perturbations obtained via a gauge-invariant formalism leads to the same results as scalar perturbations. No instability has been found. Asymptotically, these solutions typically reduce to a $AdS_{(p+2)}\times S^{(8-p)}$ space, which, in the framework of Maldacena's conjecture, can be regarded as a gravitational dual to a conformal field theory defined in a $(p+1)$-dimensional flat space-time. The results presented open the possibility of a better understanding the AdS/CFT correspondence, as originally formulated in terms of the relation among brane structures and gauge theories.
description: 20 pages, major revisions
Conditional wave theory of environmental interactions with a quantum particle
Creators: name: van Geleuken, Rory
name: Martin, Andrew V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an alternative formulation of quantum decoherence theory using conditional wave theory (CWT), which was originally developed in molecular physics (also known as exact factorisation methods). We formulate a CWT of a classic model of collisional decoherence of a free particle with environmental particles treated in a long-wavelength limit. In general, the CWT equation of motion for the particle is non-linear, where the non-linearity enters via the CWT gauge fields. For Gaussian wave packets the analytic solutions of the CWT equations are in exact agreement with those from the density matrix formalism. We show that CWT gauge terms that determine the dynamics of the particle's marginal wave function are related to a Taylor series expansion of the particle's reduced density matrix. Approximate solutions to these equations lead to a linear-time approximation that reproduces the ensemble width in the limits of both short and long times, in addition to reproducing the long-term behaviour of the coherence length. With this approximation, the non-linear equation of motion for the particle's marginal wave function can be written in the form of the logarithmic Schrödinger equation. The CWT formalism may lead to computationally efficient calculations of quantum decoherence, since it involves working with wave-function level terms instead of evolving a density matrix via a master equation.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures