cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Inert gas as electronic impurity in semiconductors: The case for active infrared absorption in silicon
Creators: name: Chen, Nian-Ke
name: Gao, Yu-Chen
name: Zhao, Ji-Hong
name: Li, Chun-Hao
name: Chen, Qi-Dai
name: Sun, Hong-Bo
name: Zhang, Shengbai
name: Li, Xian-Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inert (noble gas) elements are extremely inactive to surrounding chemical environment and are frequently employed as protective gas in various semiconductor fabrication processes. In this work, we surprisingly discover that high doses of argon up to $10^{17}-10^{20} cm^{-3}$ can be measured in silicon exposed by laser pulses even after 1300 days. First-principles calculations and molecular dynamics identify a unique argon-locking-vacancy (ALV) defect atomic model in silicon. The ALV defect is dynamically robust in contrast to the frequently moving pure Si vacancy. While argon is chemically inert, it readily modulates defect states of the occupied vacancy via steric repulsion and rattling motions, leading to significant band splitting within bandgap and thus strong infrared absorptions. Moreover, the repulsion between substitutional argon and dangling bonds results in shallow donors which explains the confusion of enhanced n-type carriers in experiments. The work paves a way of using noble gas element to produce active infrared absorption source for the non-heteroepitaxy photonic detectors directly on silicon wafer at infrared communication wavelength.
Sooting Tendencies of Phenolic Hydrocarbons
Creators: name: Facheng Guo
name: Kwon, Hyunguk
name: Xuan, Yuan
name: McEnally, Charles
name: Pfefferle, Lisa D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91305 Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Paper presented at the Fall 2020 ACS National Meeting.
Lignin is an abundant renewable energy resource that constitutes about one-third of all biomass. Its chemical structure is a complex network of monolignol subunits that contain hydroxy-substituted benzenoid rings; thus, fuel processing of lignin produces phenols. The objectives of this study were to measure the sooting tendencies of lignin-derived phenols, compare them to the aromatic hydrocarbons that are found in petroleum-derived fuels, and identify the relevant chemical kinetic pathways with numerical simulations. Sooting tendency was quantified in terms of Yield Sooting Index (YSI), which is based on the maximum soot concentration when a small concentration (1000 ppm) of the test compound is doped into the fuel of a methane/air flame. In this methodology the test compound is usually injected as a liquid into the gas-phase fuel; however, many phenols are solids at room temperature. Therefore, a new procedure was developed wherein the phenols were dissolved at a 1:4 molar ratio in ethanol, then the solution was atomized into the methane. Validation experiments demonstrated that the ethanol has negligible influence on soot formation from the test compounds. The measured sooting tendencies show that the addition of a hydroxyl functional group to a benzenoid ring significantly reduces soot formation. Reactive molecule dynamics simulations with ReaxFF force fields indicated that the phenols form phenoxy radicals, which then eject CO molecules; this sequesters some of the carbon in a chemical form that does not contribute to soot. Overall, this study shows that lignin- derived fuels offer the benefit of low particulate emissions despite containing aromatic hydrocarbons.
Overview of Agroecology LLs and RIs in Europe
Creators: name: Bastian, Göldel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This task evaluates the mapped AE initiatives that have been identified in WP2 to foster theAE transition across Europe. These have been identified and contacted after they were namedby NCPs for 21 different countries (see Deliverable 2.3). The NCPs were part of variousstakeholder groups (policy-makers, researchers, NGO members etc.) and asked to i) describetheir opinion and experiences on the current situation of the AE transition process withintheir country, and ii) provide us with contact information of initiatives that in their eyes mightbe relevant and suitable to give feedback about their AE activities and pra ctices throughfilling in an online questionnaire (link: Questionnaire) developed in WP2. This online tool wasadditionally sent out to the pilot network of the All -Ready project (WP3) and to the ENoLLand SCAR networks and partners. Furthermore, initiatives that were participating in the fourAll-Ready regional workshops during November and December 2022 were asked to provideus with information during our workshops’ breakout sessions on one hand, but also throughthe questionnaire on the other hand. The results of the questionnaire helped and helps us toreceive a general overview of organisations based on a developed score (see also ‘best cases’in Deliverable 2.5) to assess their maturity within the process of AE transition. Furthermore,we were able to start an inventory of European LLs and RIs, organised regionally, and seehow they perform or prioritise specific activities according to indicators and criteria regardingthe extent to which initiatives contribute to agroecology transition. This was not done to rankinitiatives in a specific way, to judge them or even evaluate who is ‘better or worse’ thananother, but to understand how the current situation in Europe, in terms of diversity(geographically, maturity, AE categories/priorities) looks like.Beside for WP2 directly, the online questionnaire and the outcomes of this deliverable (andD2.5) provide valuable and relevant information and insights for other WPs such as WP3(development of the pilot network) and WP4 (added value of the future network). For WP3,possible candidates to expand the current size of the pilot network could be identified, whilefor WP4, all answers provide information on the added value of a future European networkof/for LLs and RIs (e.g. prioritised activities, funding etc.).
Core Characterization During Steady-And Unsteady-State Flow Experiments
Creators: name: Smith, Jeffrey Craig
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1987
Subjects: Steady state flow
Unsteady state flow

description: Two-phase steady-and unsteady-state relative permeability and dispersion experiments have been conducted in naturally water-wet and treated neutrally wet Berea sandstone cores. Partitioning and nonpartitioning tracers were used. An existing capacitance-dispersion model was used to fit the tracer breakthrough curves for the steady-state experiments. Saturation, dispersivity, and flowing fractions were determined. Wettability alteration was seen to have an effect on these parameters. Dispersivities and flowing fractions varied more in the neutrally wet core. A capacitance-dispersion computer model was developed to predict the behavior of tracers during waterfloods. This model was used to fit the unsteady-state tracer data. Residual saturations, dispersivity, and flowing fractions were determined. Resistivity values for both cores were measured using a four-point electrode system.
Quaternized zinc(II) phthalocyanine-sensitized TiO2: surfactant-modified sol–gel synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic applications
Creators: name: İlknur Altın
name: Sökmen, Münevver
name: Bıyıklıoğlu, Zekeriya
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: TiO2 nanoparticles and zinc phthalocyanine-sensitized TiO2 (ZnPc/TiO2) nanocomposite were synthesized in the presence and absence of Triton X100 (a nonionic surfactant) by a modified sol–gel method to improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 under near visible light (365 nm). A novel quaternized ZnPc molecule was used as sensitizer. Prepared nanoparticles and nanocomposite were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive analysis, X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, thermogravimetry analysis, and UV–vis–NIR. The results demonstrated that the ZnPc was successfully loaded on the TiO2 nanoparticles and the nanocomposite possesses the anatase crystalline phase with the specific surface area of 110.04 m2 g−1. The TEM micrograph showed that the average grain crystal size is 5–15 nm. ZnPc in the TiO2 structure shifted the absorption edge to visible region. The photocatalytic activities of prepared photocatalysts (ZnPc/TiO2, ZnPc/TiO2-TX100, TiO2, and TiO2-TX100) were evaluated for degradative removal of methyl orange and reductive removal of Cr(VI) ions as test pollutants. Results of photocatalytic removal revealed that the ZnPc/TiO2-TX100 has shown much more photocatalytic efficiencies than the ZnPc/TiO2 prepared without TX100 and neat TiO2 prepared with or without TX100. Therefore, this sol–gel method modified with TX100 is useful in the preparation of nanostructure ZnPc/TiO2 with high photocatalytic activity and higher surface area.
Paraseiulus talbii
Creators: name: ZahidiK, Abdelaziz
name: Akchour, Abdellah
name: K, Serge Kreiter
name: TixierK, Marie-Stéphane
name: MsandaK, Fouad
name: MousadikK, Abdelhamid El
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Phytoseiidae
Paraseiulus
Paraseiulus talbii

description: Paraseiulus talbii (Athias-Henriot)
 Typhlodromus talbii Athias-Henriot 1960b: 75.
 Typhlodromus (Neoseiulus) talbii, Ehara 1966 a: 17.
 Paraseiulus (Bawus) talbii, Wainstein, 1976: 699.
 Bawus talbii, Moraes et al. 1986: 180 ; Swirski & Amitai 1990: 117.
 Seiulus talbii, Nicotina & Cioffi 1999: 11.
 Paraseiulus talbii, Abbasova 1972: 11 ; Moraes et al. 2004a: 301 ; Chant & McMurtry 2007: 143.
 Paraseiulus subsoleiger, Wainstein 1962: 139 (Synonymy according to Chant & Yoshida-Shaul 1982).
 Paraseiulus tetramedius, Zaher & Shehata 1970: 117 (Synonymy according to Chant & Yoshida-Shaul 1982).
 Seiulus amaliae, Ragusa & Swirski 1976: 183 (Synonymy according to Chant & Yoshida-Shaul 1982).
 Paraseiulus ostiolatus, Athias-Henriot 1978: 699 (Synonymy according to Chant & Yoshida-Shaul 1982).
 World distribution — Algeria, Argentina, Austria, Azerbaijan, China, Croatia, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Egypt, Finland, France, Georgia, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Israel, Italy, Morocco, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Syria, Tunisia, and Turkey.
 Previous records from Morocco — This species has been reported for the first time by Tixier et al. (2016). It has been collected on Convolvulus althaeoides L. (Convolvulaceae) and Vinca major L. (Apocynaceae).
 Specimens examined — 3 ♀♀ + 1 ♂ on citrus leaves in June 2017 at Ouled Abdellah orchard; 2 ♀♀ on Acacia spp. (Fabaceae) used as windbreaks at the same domain.
 Remarks — The measurements of adult females collected agree with those provided by Chant and McMurtry (1994).
description: Published as part of ZahidiK, Abdelaziz, Akchour, Abdellah, K, Serge Kreiter, TixierK, Marie-Stéphane, MsandaK, Fouad & MousadikK, Abdelhamid El, 2023, Phytoseiid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Central West Morocco: new records and key to females of all recorded Moroccan species, pp. 691-724 in Acarologia 63 (3) on pages 706-707, DOI: 10.24349/v5of-5oe1, http://zenodo.org/record/10786247
بررسی فقهی از بین بردن جنین های آزمایشگاهی
Creators: name: Sarkhosh, Javad
name: معصومه پور علی
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: جنین، آزمایشگاه، رحم، رویان

description: پیش زمینه و هدف: با گسترش روزافزون علم در جوامع انسانی علی الخصوص جوامع اسلامی، دچار مسائل مستحدثه ای می شویم که بایستی از نظر فقهی بررسی شوند. جنین آزمایشگاهی و از بین بردن آن از موضوعا مهم و چالش برانگیز است که مستلزم تعیین این مسئله است که جنین از چه زمانی دارای جایگاه و کرامت انسانی می شود. آیا قائل شدن به کرامت انسانی جنین با استقرار او در رحم ملازمت دارد که در غیر این صورت بتوان اعلام داشت که جنین آزمایشگاهی، فاقدشان و کرامت انسانی است. اگر قائل به تلازم استقرار جنین در رحم بشویم تنها جنین مستقر در رحم می تواند از شان انسانی و به تبع آن از شخصیت و حقوق برخوردار باشد و احکام تنها بر این نوع از جنین بار می شوند. مواد و روش کار: این مقاله به روش تحلیلی- توصیفی انجام و اطلاعات بحث به روش کتابخانه ای جمع آوری شده است. پس از بررسی دیدگاه های مختلف نسبت به مسئله، یکی از دیدگاه ها برگزیده شده است.
Two phytotoxic azaphilone derivatives from Chaetomium globosum, a fungal endophyte isolated from Amaranthus viridis leaves
Creators: name: N. Savitri Kumar
name: Jayasinghe, Lalith
name: Fujimoto, Yoshinori
name: K.G. Nelum P. Piyasena
name: W.A.R.T. Wickramarachchi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Engineering
subject: Biochemistry

description: A fungal endophyte isolated from the leaves of the allelopathic plant Amaranthus viridis of the family Amaranthaceae was identified as Chaetomium globosum through molecular means using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA gene. This is the first report of the isolation of C. globosum from Amaranthaceae. Chromatographic separation of the EtOAc extract of the fungal fermentation in potato dextrose broth yielded two known chlorine-containing azaphilone derivatives, chaetomugilin D (1) and chaetomugilin J (2). Compounds 1 and 2 were found to show phytotoxic activity in the lettuce (Lactuca sativa) seed germination bioassay. The IC50 values of 1 and 2 for root growth inhibition were 24.2 and 22.6 ppm, respectively, while IC50 values for shoot growth inhibition were 27.8 and 21.9 ppm, respectively. Phytotoxic activities of the chaetomugilin group of compounds have been reported for the first time, although their antifungal, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities are known.
Cadmium(II) complexes of 5-nitro-salicylaldehyde and α-diimines: synthesis, structure and interaction with calf-thymus DNA
Creators: name: Zianna, Ariadni
name: Ristovic, Maja Sumar
name: Psomas, George
name: Hatzidimitriou, Antonis
name: Coutouli-Argyropoulou, Evdoxia
name: Lalia-Kantouri, Maria
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Hematology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Five Cd(II) complexes with the anion of 5-NO2-salicylaldehydeH (5-NO2-saloH) in the absence or presence of the α-diimine 1,10-phenanthroline (phen), 2,2′-dipyridylamine (dpamH), 2,2′-dipyridine (bipy), or 2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline (neoc) were synthesized and characterized as [Cd(5-NO2-salo)2(CH3OH)2] (1), [Cd(5-NO2-salo)2(phen)]·2CH3OH·H2O (2), [Cd(5-NO2-salo)2(dpamΗ)] (3), [Cd3(5-NO2-salo)6(bipy)2] (4), and [Cd(5-NO2-salo)(neoc)(NO3)]2 (5). Based on spectroscopic results (IR, UV, NMR), elemental analysis and conductivity measurements an octahedral geometry around cadmium metal ion is suggested, with the 5-NO2-salicylaldehyde ligand having different coordination modes. The structures determined by X-ray crystallography verified neutral mononuclear 1–3 and trinuclear 4. Simultaneous TG/DTG–DTA technique was used to analyze the thermal behavior of 1, 2, and 3. The complexes bind tightly to calf-thymus DNA mainly by intercalation, as concluded by DNA viscosity measurements and exhibit significant displacement of EB from the EB-DNA complex.
Alburnoides nicolausi Bogutskaya & Coad 2009
Creators: name: Sayyadzadeh, Golnaz
name: Esmaeili, Hamid Reza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Cypriniformes
Cyprinidae
Alburnoides
Alburnoides nicolausi

description: 175. Alburnoides nicolausi Bogutskaya & Coad, 2009
Common name. Seimareh spirlin-Karkheh spirlin, Nicholas’ riffle minnow
Taxonomy. Original description: Alburnoides nicolausi Bogutskaya & Coad, 2009: 163, fig. 12 [Stream in Simareh River drainage, 5 kilometers south of Nurabad, 34°03'30"N, 47°57'30"E, Lorestan, Iran, elevation 2000 m; holotype: CMNFI 1979-0281].
Revisions. None.
Illustrations. Bogutskaya & Coad (2009: 163, fig. 12).
Distribution in Iran. —Distribution in River Basin: Tigris.—Distribution in Ecoregions: 442-Upper Tigris & Euphrates.
Status in Iran. [Endemic].—Khayateh-e Nicolaus.—Listed in previous checklists from Iran by Esmaeili et al. (2017 a, 2018) and Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. (2020).—Iran material: CMNFI.
Conservation. —IUCN: NE.
description: Published as part of Sayyadzadeh, Golnaz & Esmaeili, Hamid Reza, 2024, Freshwater lamprey and fishes of Iran: Reappraisal and updated checklist with a note on Eagderi et al. (2022), pp. 1-99 in Zootaxa 5402 (1) on page 57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5402.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10524097
Quaternized zinc(II) phthalocyanine-sensitized TiO2: surfactant-modified sol–gel synthesis, characterization and photocatalytic applications
Creators: name: İlknur Altın
name: Sökmen, Münevver
name: Bıyıklıoğlu, Zekeriya
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine
subject: Physics

description: TiO2 nanoparticles and zinc phthalocyanine-sensitized TiO2 (ZnPc/TiO2) nanocomposite were synthesized in the presence and absence of Triton X100 (a nonionic surfactant) by a modified sol–gel method to improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 under near visible light (365 nm). A novel quaternized ZnPc molecule was used as sensitizer. Prepared nanoparticles and nanocomposite were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive analysis, X-ray diffractometry, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, thermogravimetry analysis, and UV–vis–NIR. The results demonstrated that the ZnPc was successfully loaded on the TiO2 nanoparticles and the nanocomposite possesses the anatase crystalline phase with the specific surface area of 110.04 m2 g−1. The TEM micrograph showed that the average grain crystal size is 5–15 nm. ZnPc in the TiO2 structure shifted the absorption edge to visible region. The photocatalytic activities of prepared photocatalysts (ZnPc/TiO2, ZnPc/TiO2-TX100, TiO2, and TiO2-TX100) were evaluated for degradative removal of methyl orange and reductive removal of Cr(VI) ions as test pollutants. Results of photocatalytic removal revealed that the ZnPc/TiO2-TX100 has shown much more photocatalytic efficiencies than the ZnPc/TiO2 prepared without TX100 and neat TiO2 prepared with or without TX100. Therefore, this sol–gel method modified with TX100 is useful in the preparation of nanostructure ZnPc/TiO2 with high photocatalytic activity and higher surface area.
Dynamic Background Reconstruction via MAE for Infrared Small Target Detection
Creators: name: Peng, Jingchao
name: Zhao, Haitao
name: Zhao, Kaijie
name: Wang, Zhongze
name: Yao, Lujian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Infrared small target detection (ISTD) under complex backgrounds is a difficult problem, for the differences between targets and backgrounds are not easy to distinguish. Background reconstruction is one of the methods to deal with this problem. This paper proposes an ISTD method based on background reconstruction called Dynamic Background Reconstruction (DBR). DBR consists of three modules: a dynamic shift window module (DSW), a background reconstruction module (BR), and a detection head (DH). BR takes advantage of Vision Transformers in reconstructing missing patches and adopts a grid masking strategy with a masking ratio of 50\% to reconstruct clean backgrounds without targets. To avoid dividing one target into two neighboring patches, resulting in reconstructing failure, DSW is performed before input embedding. DSW calculates offsets, according to which infrared images dynamically shift. To reduce False Positive (FP) cases caused by regarding reconstruction errors as targets, DH utilizes a structure of densely connected Transformer to further improve the detection performance. Experimental results show that DBR achieves the best F1-score on the two ISTD datasets, MFIRST (64.10\%) and SIRST (75.01\%).
Robust orbital-angular-momentum-based underwater acoustic communication with dynamic modal decomposition method
Creators: name: Li, Liulin
name: Liu, Bingyi
name: Guo, Zhongyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, acoustic communication employing Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) opens another avenue for efficient data transmission in aquatic environments. Current topological charge (TC) detection of OAM beams relies on the orthogonality among different-order OAM beams. Such strategy requires data collection from the entire acoustic field, which inevitably reduces the efficiency and increases the bit error rate (BER). To address these challenges, this study proposes a modified Dynamic Modal Decomposition (DMD) method by partially sampling the acoustic field for precise TC detection. Numerical simulations confirm the accuracy of this approach in extracting single or multiple TCs magnitudes within a partially-sampled acoustic field. We theoretically compare the performance of the modified DMD approach with conventional orthogonal decoding method. Simulation results indicate that our modified DMD scheme exhibits lower BER under the same noise interference and is more robust to the array misalignment. This research introduces an efficient demodulation solution for acoustic OAM communication, offering potential benefits for simplifying receiver array design and enhancing long-distance underwater data transmission.
description: 27 pages,7 figures
Typhlodromini Wainstein 1962
Creators: name: ZahidiK, Abdelaziz
name: Akchour, Abdellah
name: K, Serge Kreiter
name: TixierK, Marie-Stéphane
name: MsandaK, Fouad
name: MousadikK, Abdelhamid El
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Phytoseiidae

description: Tribe Typhlodromini Wainstein  Typhlodromini Wainstein 1962: 26.
description: Published as part of ZahidiK, Abdelaziz, Akchour, Abdellah, K, Serge Kreiter, TixierK, Marie-Stéphane, MsandaK, Fouad & MousadikK, Abdelhamid El, 2023, Phytoseiid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Central West Morocco: new records and key to females of all recorded Moroccan species, pp. 691-724 in Acarologia 63 (3) on page 707, DOI: 10.24349/v5of-5oe1, http://zenodo.org/record/10786247
Analogy between Boltzmann machines and Feynman path integrals
Creators: name: Iyengar, Srinivasan S.
name: Kais, Sabre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a detailed exposition of the connections between Boltzmann machines commonly utilized in machine learning problems and the ideas already well known in quantum statistical mechanics through Feynman's description of the same. We find that this equivalence allows the interpretation that the hidden layers in Boltzmann machines and other neural network formalisms are in fact discrete versions of path elements that are present within the Feynman path-integral formalism. Since Feynman paths are the natural and elegant depiction of interference phenomena germane to quantum mechanics, it appears that in machine learning, the goal is to find an appropriate combination of ``paths'', along with accumulated path-weights, through a network that cumulatively capture the correct $x \rightarrow y$ map for a given mathematical problem. As a direct consequence of this analysis, we are able to provide general quantum circuit models that are applicable to both Boltzmann machines and to Feynman path integral descriptions. Connections are also made to inverse quantum scattering problems which allow a robust way to define ``interpretable'' hidden layers.
Age-related differences in patterns of criminal activity among a large sample of polydrug injectors in Australia
Creators: name: Degenhardt, Louisa
name: Higgs, Peter
name: Alati, Rosa
name: Horyniak, Danielle
name: Dietze, Paul
name: Agius, Paul
name: Bruno, Raimondo
name: Burns, Lucy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine

description: Background: The relationship between age and criminal activity among drug-using populations is poorly understood.Methods: Data from 10 years of repeat cross-sectional surveys of sentinel samples of regular people who inject drugs (PWID) across Australia (n = 5844) were used to explore the relationship between age and past-month drug dealing, property crime and violent crime, and past-year arrest. Descriptive statistics were used to explore the prevalence and frequency of each outcome. The relationship between age and each outcome was measured using multivariable Poisson regression with robust error variance.Results: After adjusting for confounding factors, each 5-year increase in age was associated with significant reductions in drug dealing (adjusted incidence rate ratio [AIRR]: 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.87–0.94), property crime (AIRR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.82–0.89) and violent crime (AIRR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.70–0.85). Older participants were also significantly less likely to report being arrested in the past 12 months (AIRR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.88–0.93).Conclusions: Younger PWID are more heavily involved in criminal activity compared with their older counterparts. This study highlights the need for early intervention programmes to prevent offending behaviour becoming entrenched, as well as continued efforts to redirect young PWID away from the criminal justice system and into treatment and education programmes.
Gravitational detection of a low-mass dark satellite galaxy at cosmological distance
Creators: name: Vegetti, S.
name: Lagattuta, David
name: McKean, J. P.
name: Auger, M. W.
name: Fassnacht, C. D.
name: Koopmans, L. V. E.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The mass-function of dwarf satellite galaxies that are observed around Local Group galaxies substantially differs from simulations based on cold dark matter: the simulations predict many more dwarf galaxies than are seen. The Local Group, however, may be anomalous in this regard. A massive dark satellite in an early-type lens galaxy at z = 0.222 was recently found using a new method based on gravitational lensing, suggesting that the mass fraction contained in substructure could be higher than is predicted from simulations. The lack of very low mass detections, however, prohibited any constraint on their mass function. Here we report the presence of a 1.9 +/- 0.1 x 10^8 M_sun dark satellite in the Einstein-ring system JVAS B1938+666 at z = 0.881, where M_sun denotes solar mass. This satellite galaxy has a mass similar to the Sagittarius galaxy, which is a satellite of the Milky Way. We determine the logarithmic slope of the mass function for substructure beyond the local Universe to be alpha = 1.1^+0.6_-0.4, with an average mass-fraction of f = 3.3^+3.6_-1.8 %, by combining data on both of these recently discovered galaxies. Our results are consistent with the predictions from cold dark matter simulations at the 95 per cent confidence level, and therefore agree with the view that galaxies formed hierarchically in a Universe composed of cold dark matter.
Synthesis of Novel Derivatives of Benzoxazole in Bis-Ionic Liquid [BDBDIm]Br
Creators: name: Nikpassand, Mohammad
name: Fekri, Leila Zare
name: Farokhian, Pegah
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Bis-ionic liquid 3,3-(butane-1,4-diyl)bis(1,2-dimethyl-1H-imidazole-3-ium)bromide ([BDBDIm]Br) was found to be an effective catalyst for the synthesis of novel benzoxazoles using different salicylic acid derivatives and 2-amino-4-chlorophenol at room temperature. The present methodology offers several advantages such as solvent-free conditions, excellent yields, simple procedure, mild conditions, and reduced environmental consequences. The ionic liquid was recovered and reused. All of synthesized compounds were characterized by infrared (IR), NMR, and elemental analyses.
Gorgosaurus sternbergi Matthew & Brown, 1923, new species
Creators: name: W. D. Matthew
name: Barnum Brown
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1923
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Dinosauria
Tyrannosauridae
Gorgosaurus
Gorgosaurus sternbergi

description: 3.- Gorgosaurus sternbergi, new species.
Standing skeleton. Belly River- formation, Red Deer River, Alberta. This is a very finely preserved skeleton, No. 5664, obtained by Mr. C. H. Sternberg in 1917 and purchased by the Museum. It is of smaller size and more slender proportions than G. libratus. The jaws are much less massive and the muzzle is more slender, the maxilla more elongate and shallow, the orbital fenestra more circular. The tibia is considerably longer than the femur. These and various other differences of proportion might be regarded as age characters in a single species and in support of this is the fact that in this skeleton the pelvic bones are still separate or partly so. There is nothing else to indicate immaturity.
This is the most complete of the deinodont skeletons in our collections. The tip of the tail, beyond the 24th caudal, is restored, also the left radius, metacarpal i and phalanx ii2; the left ribs are restored. The abdominal rib basket is nearly complete.
The pose of this skeleton (Fig. 3) is that of a standing animal in as upright a position as the Gorgosaurus would normally assume.
description: Published as part of W. D. Matthew & Barnum Brown, 1923, Preliminary notices of skeletons and skulls of Deinodontidae from the Cretaceous of Alberta, pp. 1-10 in American Museum Novitates 89 on pages 7-8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4715537
Trapping of Micellar Fluids in Berea Sandstone
Creators: name: Delshad, Mohammad
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1990
Subjects: Micellar fluid
Berea sandstone

description: The objective of this research was to experimentally investigate transport properties such as capillary trapping, relative permeability, dispersivity, and capacitance parameters of micellar fluids under single-and two-phase flow conditions. Low interfacial tension, brine-oil-surfactant-alcohol mixtures with different compositions and salinities were prepared at 30°C. Equilibrated phases (micellar fluids) were separated and used for displacements in Berea sandstone cores. The relation between residual phase saturation and capillary number of these micellar fluids was investigated. For all three types of phase environment, and regardless of which phase was the displacing phase, residual saturations and end-point relative permeabilities for each phase followed the same trend with capillary number. Residual microemulsion also followed the same trend with the capillary number when displaced simultaneously by excess-oil and brine. Steady-state two-phase flow relative permeabilities were measured at constant capillary number. The brine and oil relative permeability curves were concave up (positive second derivative) while that of microemulsion was concave down. The relative permeability curve for microemulsion was above those of brine and oil. Relative permeability data were compared with two relative permeability models. The first model is a simple Corey-type relative permeability model with the saturation exponents treated as adjustable parameters. The second model is a theoretical relative permeability model proposed by Foulser et al. [F5] called the droplet model. The parameter N (number of droplets in each capillary tube) was selected such that the standard error would be minimum. Comparisons were made over a range of capillary numbers and viscosity ratios. Continuous and slug displacement of radioactive tracers, both partitioning and non-partitioning, were also performed at steady-state. Effluent tracer profiles were compared to the numerical solution of a capacitance-dispersion model to estimate saturations, dispersivities, and capacitance parameters. Unlike brine and oil phases, the microemulsion phase did not show a capacitance behavior. Phase by-passing increased as the phase cut was decreased.
Ventriculostomy-related infections: The performance of different definitions for diagnosing infection
Creators: name: Lewis, Ariane
name: Wahlster, Sarah
name: Karinja, Sarah
name: Czeisler, Barry M.
name: W. Taylor Kimberly
name: S., Aaron
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Introduction. Comparison of rates of ventriculostomy-related infections (VRIs) across institutions is difficult due to the lack of a standard definition. We sought to review published definitions of VRI and apply them to a test cohort to determine the degree of variability in VRI diagnosis. Materials and methods. We conducted a PubMed search for definitions of VRI using the search strings “ventriculostomy-related infection” and “ventriculostomy-associated infection.” We applied these definitions to a test cohort of 18 positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures taken from ventriculostomies at two institutions to compare the frequency of infection using each definition. Results. We found 16 unique definitions of VRI. When the definitions were applied to the test cohort, the frequency of infection ranged from 22 to 94% (median 61% with interquartile range (IQR) 56–74%). The concordance between VRI diagnosis and treatment with VRI-directed antibiotics for at least seven days ranged from 56 to 89% (median: 72%, IQR: 71–78%). Conclusions. The myriad of definitions in the literature produce widely different frequencies of infection. In order to compare rates of VRI between institutions for the purposes of qualitative metrics and research, a consistent definition of VRI is needed.
Edges' Riemannian energy analysis for synchronization of multi-agent nonlinear systems over undirected weighted graphs
Creators: name: Andrieu, Vincent
name: Astolfi, Daniele
name: Cellier-Devaux, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note we investigate the problem of global exponential synchronization of multi-agent systems described by nonlinear input affine dynamics. We consider the case of networks described by undirected connected graphs possibly without leader. We present a set of sufficient conditions based on a Riemannian metric approach in order to design a state-feedback distributed control law. Then, we study the convergence properties of the overall network. By exploiting the properties of the edge Laplacian we construct a Lyapunov function that allows to conclude global exponential synchronization of the overall network.
description: Automatica, In press
Ventriculostomy-related infections: The performance of different definitions for diagnosing infection
Creators: name: Lewis, Ariane
name: Wahlster, Sarah
name: Karinja, Sarah
name: Czeisler, Barry M.
name: W. Taylor Kimberly
name: S., Aaron
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Introduction. Comparison of rates of ventriculostomy-related infections (VRIs) across institutions is difficult due to the lack of a standard definition. We sought to review published definitions of VRI and apply them to a test cohort to determine the degree of variability in VRI diagnosis. Materials and methods. We conducted a PubMed search for definitions of VRI using the search strings “ventriculostomy-related infection” and “ventriculostomy-associated infection.” We applied these definitions to a test cohort of 18 positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures taken from ventriculostomies at two institutions to compare the frequency of infection using each definition. Results. We found 16 unique definitions of VRI. When the definitions were applied to the test cohort, the frequency of infection ranged from 22 to 94% (median 61% with interquartile range (IQR) 56–74%). The concordance between VRI diagnosis and treatment with VRI-directed antibiotics for at least seven days ranged from 56 to 89% (median: 72%, IQR: 71–78%). Conclusions. The myriad of definitions in the literature produce widely different frequencies of infection. In order to compare rates of VRI between institutions for the purposes of qualitative metrics and research, a consistent definition of VRI is needed.
Calibration of a single-atom detector for atomic microchips
Creators: name: Stibor, A.
name: Kraft, S.
name: Campey, T.
name: Komma, D.
name: Günther, A.
name: Fortágh, J.
name: Vale, Christopher
name: Rubinsztein-Dunlop, H.
name: Zimmermann, C.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We experimentally investigate a scheme for detecting single atoms magnetically trapped on an atom chip. The detector is based on the photoionization of atoms and the subsequent detection of the generated ions. We describe the characterization of the ion detector with emphasis on its calibration via the correlation of ions with simultaneously generated electrons. A detection efficiency of 47.8±2.6% is measured, which is useful for single-atom detection, and close to the limit allowing atom counting with sub-Poissonian uncertainty.
Ferroelectric terpolymer films with enhanced cooling efficiency: An integrated approach considering electrocaloric response and dielectric losses
Creators: name: Zeggai, Nouh
name: LoBue, Martino
name: Almanza, Morgan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In response to the growing demand for more efficient and compact refrigeration and energy conversion devices, electrocaloric poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) is among the most promising active substances. However, despite its high electrocaloric response, the maximum efficiency achievable over a cooling cycle is hampered by losses. To overcome this major limitation, losses have been reduced by using an electrothermal poling treatment as well as by controlling the surface roughness. The upper bound of the efficiency computed over a thermodynamic cycle mimicking the working conditions of an actual cooling device is increased from 1% to 10% of the Carnot efficiency. This represents a major improvement in enhancing ferroelectric materials for advanced energy applications.
Alburnoides petrubanarescui Bogutskaya & Coad 2009
Creators: name: Sayyadzadeh, Golnaz
name: Esmaeili, Hamid Reza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Cypriniformes
Cyprinidae
Alburnoides
Alburnoides petrubanarescui

description: 176. Alburnoides petrubanarescui Bogutskaya & Coad, 2009
Common name. Spirlin
Taxonomy. Original description: Alburnoides petrubanarescui Bogutskaya & Coad, 2009: 154, fig. 10 [Qasemlou Chay, Orumiyeh [Urmia] Lake basin, ca. 37°21'N, 45°09'E, Azarbaijan-e Bakhtari, Iran; holotype: CMNFI 1970-0558].
Revisions. None.
Illustrations. Bogutskaya & Coad (2009: 154, fig. 10).
Distribution in Iran. —Distribution in River Basin: Lake Orumiyeh.—Distribution in Ecoregions: 445-Orumiyeh.
Status in Iran. [Native].—Khayateh-e Oromiyeh.—Listed in previous checklists from Iran by Esmaeili et al. (2017 a, 2018); Jouladeh-Roudbar et al. (2020) and Eagderi et al. (2022).—Iran material: ZM-CBSU.
Conservation. —IUCN: NE.
description: Published as part of Sayyadzadeh, Golnaz & Esmaeili, Hamid Reza, 2024, Freshwater lamprey and fishes of Iran: Reappraisal and updated checklist with a note on Eagderi et al. (2022), pp. 1-99 in Zootaxa 5402 (1) on pages 57-58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5402.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10524097
Cadmium(II) complexes of 5–nitro–salicylaldehyde and α–diimines: Synthesis, structure and interaction with calf–thymus DNA
Creators: name: Zianna, Ariadni
name: Ristovic, Maja Sumar
name: Psomas, George
name: Hatzidimitriou, Antonis
name: Coutouli-Argyropoulou, Evdoxia
name: Lalia-Kantouri, Maria
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Hematology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Five Cd(II) complexes with the anion of 5–NO2–salicylaldehydeH (5–NO2–saloH) in the absence or presence of the α–diimine 1,10–phenanthroline (phen), 2,2’–dipyridylamine (dpamH), 2,2’–dipyridine (bipy) or 2,9–dimethyl–1,10–phenanthroline (neoc) were synthesized and characterized as [Cd(5–NO2–salo)2(CH3OH)2] (1), [Cd(5–NO2–salo)2(phen)]·2CH3OH∙H2O (2), [Cd(5–NO2–salo)2(dpamΗ)] (3), [Cd3(5–NO2–salo)6(bipy)2] (4) and [Cd(5–NO2–salo)(neoc)(NO3)]2 (5). Based on spectroscopic results (IR, UV, NMR), elemental analysis and conductivity measurements an octahedral geometry around cadmium metal ion is suggested, with the 5–NO2–salicylaldehyde ligand having different coordination modes. The structures determined by X-ray crystallography verified neutral mononuclear 1-3 and trinuclear 4. Simultaneous TG/DTG-DTA technique was used to analyze the thermal behavior of 1, 2 and 3. The complexes bind tightly to calf-thymus DNA mainly by intercalation, as concluded by DNA-viscosity measurements and exhibit significant displacement of EB from the EB-DNA complex.
Typhloseiulus Chant & McMurtry 1994
Creators: name: ZahidiK, Abdelaziz
name: Akchour, Abdellah
name: K, Serge Kreiter
name: TixierK, Marie-Stéphane
name: MsandaK, Fouad
name: MousadikK, Abdelhamid El
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Phytoseiidae
Typhloseiulus

description: Genus Typhloseiulus Chant & McMurtry
 Typhloseiulus Chant & McMurtry 1994: 246.
 Typhloseiulus eleonorae (Ragusa & Swirski)
 Seiulus eleonorae Ragusa & Swirski 1981: 269 ; Moraes et al. 1986: 231.
 Typhlodromus eleonorae, Chant & Yoshida-Shaul 1983: 1150.
 Typhloseiulus eleonorae, Chant & McMurtry 1994: 247, 2007: 145 ; Moraes et al. 2004a: 374.
 World distribution — France, Italy, and Morocco.
 Previous records from Morocco — The first report of this species was observed by Tixier et al. (2016). Specimens were collected near Larache on Quercus suber L. (Fagaceae), Knautia purpurea Vill. (Caprifoliaceae), Road to Souk El Arba on Quercus suber L. (Fagaceae), Daphne gnidium L. (Thymelaeaceae).
 Specimens examined — 5 ♀♀ and 3 ♀♀ were collected on citrus leaves, at Saouda and Taoufiqui 1 domains, respectively in July 2017.
 Remarks — The measurements of adult females collected agree with those provided by Ferragut (2018) from Spain.
description: Published as part of ZahidiK, Abdelaziz, Akchour, Abdellah, K, Serge Kreiter, TixierK, Marie-Stéphane, MsandaK, Fouad & MousadikK, Abdelhamid El, 2023, Phytoseiid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Central West Morocco: new records and key to females of all recorded Moroccan species, pp. 691-724 in Acarologia 63 (3) on page 707, DOI: 10.24349/v5of-5oe1, http://zenodo.org/record/10786247
Features characterizing safe aerial-aquatic robots
Creators: name: Giordano, Andrea
name: Romanello, Luca
name: Gonzalez, Diego Perez
name: Kovac, Mirko
name: Armanini, Sophie F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper underscores the importance of environmental monitoring, and specifically of freshwater ecosystems, which play a critical role in sustaining life and global economy. Despite their importance, insufficient data availability prevents a comprehensive understanding of these ecosystems, thereby impeding informed decision-making concerning their preservation. Aerial-aquatic robots are identified as effective tools for freshwater sensing, offering rapid deployment and avoiding the need of using ships and manned teams.
 To advance the field of aerial aquatic robots, this paper conducts a comprehensive review of air-water transitions focusing on the water entry strategy of existing prototypes. This analysis also highlights the safety risks associated with each transition and proposes a set of design requirements relating to robots' tasks, mission objectives, and safety measures. To further explore the proposed design requirements, we present a novel robot with VTOL capability, enabling seamless air water transitions.
description: Peer-reviewed and accepted in IEEE Ubiquitous Robots 2024, New York City
Dual-Stage Actuator Control Design Using a Doubly Coprime Factorization Approach
Creators: name: Zheng, Jinchuan
name: Weizhou Su, Weizhou
name: Minyue Fu, Minyue
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This paper first reveals that the tracking and disturbance rejection problems can be decoupled into two independent optimization problems under the 2-DOF control framework. This result is then used for the design of a 2-DOF controller for a dual-stage actuator (DSA) system to provide desired performance of disturbance rejection and step tracking. The 2-DOF controller is designed based on the doubly coprime factorization approach, with which the closed-loop transfer function is expressed explicitly in terms of design parameters. This greatly simplifies the optimization of design parameters in meeting desired specifications. We further study how to use the design parameters to deal with specific problems in the DSA, i.e., control allocation and trajectory planning. For step tracking beyond the secondary actuator range, a nonlinear controller is also used for the primary actuator to complete the task. Experimental results demonstrate the practical implementation of the DSA control system and verify its effectiveness for step tracking and disturbance rejection and its robust performance under load changes.
PolyVent Frame and Cover V2.0
Creators: name: Zuiderwijk, Antal
name: Suturin, Victor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This repo holds the design files for the Frame and Cover.

The current design if the "cake dome" designed for classroom instruction. The cover is literally tansparent and can be lifted off, allowing the system to be run with the cover attached or not.

The footprint in the design is rather large, being optimized for ease of acces in troubleshooting and ease of repair and change, rather than to economize space.