cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Sound and Complete Equational Theory for 3-Qubit Toffoli-Hadamard Circuits
Creators: name: Amy, Matthew
name: Ross, Neil J.
name: Wesley, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a sound and complete equational theory for 3-qubit quantum circuits over the Toffoli-Hadamard gate set { X, CX, CCX, H }. That is, we introduce a collection of true equations among Toffoli-Hadamard circuits on three qubits that is sufficient to derive any other true equation between such circuits. To obtain this equational theory, we first consider circuits over the Toffoli-K gate set { X, CX, CCX, K }, where K = HxH. The Toffoli-Hadamard and Toffoli-K gate sets appear similar, but they are crucially different on exactly three qubits. Indeed, in this case, the former generates an infinite group of operators, while the latter generates the finite group of automorphisms of the well-known E8 lattice. We take advantage of this fact, and of the theory of automorphism groups of lattices, to obtain a sound and complete collection of equations for Toffoli-K circuits. We then extend this equational theory to one for Toffoli-Hadamard circuits by leveraging prior work of Li et al. on Toffoli-Hadamard operators.
description: In Proceedings QPL 2024, arXiv:2408.05113
title: A corpus-based account of morphosyntactic evidentiality in discourse in Chhitkul-Rākchham
Creators: name: Martinez, Philippe Antoine
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 2021

description: Chhitkul-Rākchham is a Tibeto-Burman language of the Bodic branch spoken in Northern India. Evidentiality is expressed by means of a range of morphosyntactic devices: copulas, auxiliaries, suffixes, clitics, particles and converb constructions. Chapter 1 deals with the language context. High-caste members – the Chhitkul-Rākchham speakers – were not the original inhabitants of this area. Chhitkul-Rākchham is not Tibetic, rather, it shows similarities with the Kiranti subgroup. Chapter 2 provides a chronological and thematic overview of evidentiality from the beginning of the 20th century to the present. I introduce my own theoretical apparatus and I address issues related to methods. Chapter 3 introduces the Chhitkul-Rākchham verbal system: finite and non-finite verb inflection and negation. Chapter 4 focuses on copula clauses, where five copula verbs and a set of syntactic allomorphs are part of an epistemic scheme that notably includes emphasis. Their distribution is to a large extent semantically and pragmatically driven. Chapter 5 deals with auxiliation. I demonstrate that it is the hierarchical arrangement of the verbal categories – main verbs, second verbs and auxiliaries – and not auxiliaries taken in isolation, which provides an adequate overview of the phenomenon. Chapter 6 gives an account of reported evidentiality, never epistemically neutral and expressed by means of a hearsay clitic and a quotative adverbial complementizer. Chapter 7 sheds light on a few converb constructions invariably followed by the perceptual copula (or a syntactic allomorph). The copula dampens the dubitative or emphatic meaning carried by the converb. Chapter 8 shows that a pair of discourse particles – one emphatic and one assertive – is part of the evidential system. Chapter 9 deals with evidentiality at the noun phrase level, expressed by morphosyntactic means already present at the verbal level (final particles and copulas). I uncover seven evidential distinctions: perceptual, dubitative, assertive, personal experience, personal assertive, reported, and neutral.
title: Listening, Khaleeji-Style: An Exploration of Music, Power and Geopolitics in the United Arab Emirates
Creators: name: Tadros, Victoria
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 2020

description: The Gulf States have enjoyed several decades of economic prosperity, and this prosperity (along with religious influence) has, somewhat surprisingly, lent itself to increasing cultural influence. However, whilst further contributing to the ways in which the Gulf has exported cultural ideology to the region, scholarly perspectives have not adequately explored the significance of a cultural shift on the changing local Gulf musical culture. This dissertation addresses this absence by exploring the ways in which the United Arab Emirates (UAE) is structured around a binary discourse of values, such as sacred-secular and traditional-modern. Using interview material, this dissertation argues that these values underpin the ways in which Emiratis negotiate individualistic desire through musical listening - paying particular attention to the car counterprivate as a mediator of public and private space. This work also addresses the shift from tribal to individualistic society by exploring musical interactions with nature and self-sufficiency, as well as highlighting how contemporary Emirati DJs reimagine the Bedouin concept of ʾaṣl for individualistic affirmation. Through introducing contemporary Emirati listening practices as a site for academic study, this research updates the genre focus of current musical scholarship pertaining to the Gulf, which has previously been concerned chiefly with pre-oil Gulf culture. Ultimately, this thesis showcases the rarely acknowledged cultural forces involved in documenting the shift from fishing villages to cosmopolitan meccas.
Optimal Control for Clutched-Elastic Robots: A Contact-Implicit Approach
Creators: name: Ossadnik, Dennis
name: Rakčević, Vasilije
name: Yildirim, Mehmet C.
name: Fortunić, Edmundo Pozo
name: Kussaba, Hugo T. M.
name: Swikir, Abdalla
name: Haddadin, Sami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: I.2.9
subject: 49N90

description: Intrinsically elastic robots surpass their rigid counterparts in a range of different characteristics. By temporarily storing potential energy and subsequently converting it to kinetic energy, elastic robots are capable of highly dynamic motions even with limited motor power. However, the time-dependency of this energy storage and release mechanism remains one of the major challenges in controlling elastic robots. A possible remedy is the introduction of locking elements (i.e. clutches and brakes) in the drive train. This gives rise to a new class of robots, so-called clutched-elastic robots (CER), with which it is possible to precisely control the energy-transfer timing. A prevalent challenge in the realm of CERs is the automatic discovery of clutch sequences. Due to complexity, many methods still rely on pre-defined modes. In this paper, we introduce a novel contact-implicit scheme designed to optimize both control input and clutch sequence simultaneously. A penalty in the objective function ensures the prevention of unnecessary clutch transitions. We empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method on a double pendulum equipped with two of our newly proposed clutch-based Bi-Stiffness Actuators (BSA).
description: Accepted to the 2024 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA 2024). The first two authors contributed equally to this work. A cited paper, "Posa M, Cantu C, and Tedrake R (2014)" has a corrigendum (https://doi.org/10.1177/0278364914533878) referencing earlier work by Dr. Kerim Yunt
title: 'A Place of the Shekinah': Contextualising Isaac of Nineveh's Homily on the Cross in the Religious Cosmography of Late Antique Mesopotamia
Creators: name: Everett, Nevsky James
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 2021

description: Isaac is often portrayed in scholarly literature as a monk who eschewed controversy. However, this thesis explores the polemical themes with which Isaac engaged. His homily on the cross (II. XI) is influenced by a long tradition of anti-pagan and anti-Jewish writing defending cross veneration. He uses these same tropes against the Messalians, reflecting a theological controversy prevalent in his own day. Likewise, II. XI becomes a locus for Isaac’s Christological thought, which has been misinterpreted in modern times. He was from Beth Qatraye, and recent work has highlighted the region’s intellectual vibrancy in the seventh century. Isaac’s thought on the cross and cross veneration has close parallels with the writings of two contemporaries, Dadisho and Gabriel Qatraya, situating him in this context. His understanding of the mystical ascent in prayer, for which cross veneration is an important part, is also reflected in the Jewish mystical tradition represented in Apocalyptic literature, and in the Hekhalot texts. Isaac’s writing on the cross can also be seen in the context of Christian engagement with Zoroastrian ideas in the late-Sassanian period. His emphasis on divine love for creation and the power of the cross over nature parallel wider Christian challenges to Zoroastrian cosmology. This thesis demonstrates the ways that Isaac responds to a range of theological currents present in Late Antique Mesopotamia, and identifies him as a significant theological and polemical writer.
title: Debt sustainability: towards a history of theory, policy and measurement
Creators: name: Laskaridis, Christina
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 2021

description: Since the early 2000s, debt sustainability is assessed by the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) through a policy template called Debt Sustainability Analysis (DSA). This thesis examines the origins of Debt Sustainability Analysis (DSA) by identifying specific episodes between the origin of these institutions and the early 2000’s when the DSA template was created. The thesis identifies three key factors that led to the development of Debt Sustainability Analysis: developments in theory, policy, and measurement efforts. The thesis examines the rise and fall of different conceptual and operational approaches that try to capture debt repayment difficulties, culminating in the DSA template in the early 2000s. To address how and why DSA developed and gained prominence, the thesis uses a theoretical framework that draws from the history of economics and quantification within the social sciences that views the techniques of economists as historically constituted forms of economic practice. The thesis argues that alongside developments in economic theory, the creation and use of such tools was driven by protracted political disagreement on how to resolve debt crises. The thesis examined the evolution of the politics of knowledge of who decides what can and cannot be paid and how this enabled creditors to prioritise the cost to creditors of restructuring debt over that of failing to restructure the debt to alleviate the situation of debtors. The role and purpose of the DSA template was part of a broader drive to bestow rigour, credibility and legitimacy on the policies and practices of powerful institutions, with the consequence that over time, the conflicts over debt repayment difficulties were increasingly displaced into technical tools.
Historical Ink: Semantic Shift Detection for 19th Century Spanish
Creators: name: Montes, Tony
name: Manrique-Gómez, Laura
name: Manrique, Rubén
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: This paper explores the evolution of word meanings in 19th-century Spanish texts, with an emphasis on Latin American Spanish, using computational linguistics techniques. It addresses the Semantic Shift Detection (SSD) task, which is crucial for understanding linguistic evolution, particularly in historical contexts. The study focuses on analyzing a set of Spanish target words. To achieve this, a 19th-century Spanish corpus is constructed, and a customizable pipeline for SSD tasks is developed. This pipeline helps find the senses of a word and measure their semantic change between two corpora using fine-tuned BERT-like models with old Spanish texts for both Latin American and general Spanish cases. The results provide valuable insights into the cultural and societal shifts reflected in language changes over time.
description: 13 pages; added a preprint-reference URL
title: Mapping the Migrant City: Presentations of the Migrant Experience in the Contemporary European Novel 1995-2015
Creators: name: Grahl, Frances
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 2021

description: This thesis is a comparative investigation into contemporary novels of migration to three European capital cities: London, Paris and Rome. It uses a range of approaches to analyse the tripartite relationship between the novel, the city and the lived experience of migration, arguing that literature of migration maps and re-maps the city, just as migrants themselves chart, challenge and change the ways in which the city perceives itself. It provides a wide overview of selected novels of migration to the city since 1995, with close readings of those most relevant to urban space and migration. It does this by looking at four aspects of urban experience within literature: firstly, the use and ownership of public space; secondly, encounters with friends and strangers; thirdly, urban domestic space and the multiple constructions of ‘home’; and lastly the work carried out by migrants to challenge dominant narratives of the city’s history, memory, and geography. While it situates itself within comparative literary studies, the thesis borrows its understanding of urban public space from literary geography, and investigates discourses of power in the city by charting the ways in which migrants disrupt the continuity of the established order. Moreover, it uses a comparative framework of three major European capital cities in French, English and Italian to demonstrate literary parallels and influences across the region, situating the three geographic fields into a historicised, transnational and postcolonial context.
Strength of 2D Glasses Explored by Machine-Learning Force Fields
Creators: name: Shi, Pengjie
name: Xu, Zhiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strengths of glasses are intricately linked to their atomic-level heterogeneity. Atomistic simulations are frequently used to investigate the statistical physics of this relationship, compensating for the limited spatiotemporal resolution in experimental studies. However, theoretical insights are limited by the complexity of glass structures and the accuracy of the interatomic potentials used in simulations. Here, we investigate the strengths and fracture mechanisms of 2D silica, with all structural units accessible to direct experimental observation. We develop a neural network force field for fracture (NN-F$^{3}$) based on the deep potential-smooth edition (DeepPot-SE) framework. Representative atomic structures across crystals, nanocrystalline, paracrystalline, and continuous random network glasses are studied. We find that the virials or bond lengths control the initialization of bond-breaking events, creating nanoscale voids in the vitreous network. However, the voids do not necessarily lead to crack propagation due to a disorder-trapping effect, which is stronger than the lattice-trapping effect in a crystalline lattice and occurs over larger length and time scales. Fracture initiation proceeds with void growth and coalescence, and advances through a bridging mechanism. The fracture patterns are shaped by subsequent trapping and cleavage steps, often guided by voids forming ahead of the crack tip. These heterogeneous processes result in atomically smooth facets in crystalline regions and rough, amorphous edges in the glassy phase. These insights into 2D crystals and glasses, both sharing SiO$_{2}$ chemistry, highlight the pivotal role of atomic-level structures in determining fracture kinetics and path selection in materials.
title: The expression of focus in Hindi: a Dynamic Syntax approach
Creators: name: Koumbarou, Andriana
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 2020

description: This thesis takes a procedural grammar approach to Hindi clause structure paying special attention to information structural phenomena and interpretive possibilities in the peripheries. It uses the tools of the Dynamic Syntax formalism where syntax is defined as procedures for utterance interpretation in context (Cann, Kempson, & Marten, 2005; Kempson, Meyer-Viol, & Gabbay, 2001), and sets to propose first steps towards a parsing-based analysis of Hindi clause structure, before delving into the expression of focus. The thesis discusses nominal interpretation in Hindi, as well as the contribution of the =ne and =ko case markers and verbal morphology in the incremental process of interpretation build-up. It argues that the interpretation of common nouns is strictly context-dependent, which includes the discourse context but also the local linguistic context, i.e. the string of words amongst which realised. Case markers specify how an expression fits within the emerging propositional structure and identify a noun phrase (NP) boundary. The effect of such an analysis is that it captures specific readings of case-marked NPs as context-dependent and rightly predicts the strict NP-final positioning of case markers and the ban on postponing nominal modifiers to the right of a case-marked head. The tense-aspect inflected verb is what drives the accumulation of information on the propositional level compiling all information to yield a truth-conditional formula at the finishing stages of the derivation. Topic and focus are understood as pragmatic notions that describe the relationship utterance material holds with respect to the context but have no formal significance and no role in the formal analysis itself. Their expression involves the manipulation of universally available grammatical mechanisms in interaction with language-specific lexical instructions and contextual information. The analysis builds on previous semantic work on focus but adds a dynamic twist: it models the stepwise process in which an open proposition is derived and the point in the interpretation process in which focal material provides an ‘update’ to yield a fully complete truth-conditional formula. The notion of focus receives procedural significance: it is a cover term for context-update interpretive effects achieved in the process of interpretation build-up. This can be an ‘update’ made by providing a value to an open proposition (question-answer pairs), an ‘update’ to some propositional structure already construed in the context (corrections) or an ‘update’ made relative to some partial structure in the immediate context (such as topic-focus sequences).
Kinetic Inductance Parametric Converter
Creators: name: Khalifa, M.
name: Feldmann, P.
name: Salfi, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parametric converters are parametric amplifiers that mix two spatially separate nondegenerate modes and are commonly used for amplifying and squeezing microwave signals in quantum computing and sensing. In Josephson parametric converters, the strong localized nonlinearity of the Josephson Junction limits the amplification and squeezing, as well as the dynamic range, in current devices. In contrast, a weak distributed nonlinearity can provide higher gain and dynamic range, when implemented as a kinetic inductance (KI) nanowire of a dirty superconductor, and has additional benefits such as resilience to magnetic field, higher-temperature operation, and simplified fabrication. Here, we propose, demonstrate, and analyze the performance of a KI parametric converter that relies on the weak distributed nonlinearity of a KI nanowire. The device utilizes three-wave mixing induced by a DC current bias. We demonstrate its operation as a nondegenerate parametric amplifier with high phase-sensitive gain, reaching two-mode amplification and deamplification of $\sim$30 dB for two resonances separated by 0.8 GHz, in excellent agreement with our theory of the device. We observe a dynamic range of -108~dBm at 30 dB gain. Our device can significantly broaden applications of quantum-limited signal processing devices including phase-preserving amplification and two-mode squeezing.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review Applied
sj-pdf-1-dhj-10.1177_2055207620930118 - Supplemental material for Community health alliances as social enterprises that digitally engage citizens and integrate services: A case study in Southwestern Sydney (protocol)
Creators: name: Godinho, Myron Anthony
name: Md Mahfuz Ashraf
name: Padmanesan Narasimhan
name: Siaw-Teng Liaw
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111708 Health and Community Services
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Cardiology
subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110308 Geriatrics and Gerontology
subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified
subject: 111299 Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified
subject: 111702 Aged Health Care
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 200299 Cultural Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other humanities
subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 150310 Organisation and Management Theory
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Science Policy
subject: 160512 Social Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Sociology

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-dhj-10.1177_2055207620930118 for Community health alliances as social enterprises that digitally engage citizens and integrate services: A case study in Southwestern Sydney (protocol) by Myron Anthony Godinho, Md Mahfuz Ashraf, Padmanesan Narasimhan and Siaw-Teng Liaw in Digital Health
Anisotropy of the magnetic-field-induced phase pocket in the non-Kramers doublet system PrIr$_2$Zn$_{20}$
Creators: name: Kittaka, Shunichiro
name: Onimaru, Takahiro
name: Matsumoto, Keisuke T.
name: Sakakibara, Toshiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide thermodynamic evidence for the presence of a magnetic-field-induced small phase pocket near the antiferro-quadrupole (AFQ) phase boundary in the non-Kramers $Γ_3$ doublet system PrIr$_2$Zn$_{20}$. In particular, we measured the specific heat as functions of temperature $T$, magnetic field $B$, and field angle $ϕ_B$, and found a second specific-heat anomaly in a relatively wide field-angle range near $B \parallel [001]$, although fine tuning of the field strength is required. We also investigated the rotational magnetocaloric effect and evaluated an entropy change in this phase pocket. The present findings demonstrate that multipole degrees of freedom give rise to a magnetic-field-induced exotic order in PrIr$_2$Zn$_{20}$, suggesting the possibility of switching between the order parameters or emergence of a multiple-$q$ order of quadrupoles.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures (main text) + 6 pages, 5 figures (Supplemental Material), accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
FigureS1-S2_xyz322784b82bfeb – Supplemental material for Descent of Bacteria and Eukarya From an Archaeal Root of Life
Creators: name: Long, Xi
name: Xue, Hong
name: J Tze-Fei Wong
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: Cell Biology

description: Supplemental material, FigureS1-S2_xyz322784b82bfeb for Descent of Bacteria and Eukarya From an Archaeal Root of Life by Xi Long, Hong Xue and J Tze-Fei Wong in Evolutionary Bioinformatics
Generalized arcsine laws for a sluggish random walker with subdiffusive growth
Creators: name: Del Vecchio, Giuseppe Del Vecchio
name: Majumdar, Satya N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a simple one dimensional sluggish random walk model with subdiffusive growth. In the continuum hydrodynamic limit, the model corresponds to a particle diffusing on a line with a space dependent diffusion constant D(x)= |x|^{-α} and a drift potential U(x)=|x|^{-α}, where α\geq 0 parametrizes the model. For α=0 it reduces to the standard diffusion, while for α>0 it leads to a slow subdiffusive dynamics with the distance scaling as x\sim t^μ at late times with μ= 1/(α+2)\leq 1/2. In this paper, we compute exactly, for all α\ge 0, the full probability distributions of three observables for a sluggish walker of duration T starting at the origin: (i) the occupation time t_+ denoting the time spent on the positive side of the origin, (ii) the last passage time t_{\rm l} through the origin before T, and (iii) the time t_M at which the walker is maximally displaced on the positive side of the origin. We show that while for α=0 all three distributions are identical and exhibit the celebrated arcsine laws of Lévy, they become different from each other for any α>0 and have nontrivial shapes dependent on α. This generalizes the Lévy's three arcsine laws for normal diffusion (α=0) to the subdiffusive sluggish walker model with a general α\geq 0. Numerical simulations are in excellent agreement with our analytical predictions.
description: 27 pages, 8 Figures
Examining the Relationship Between Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) and Subordinate Achievement Goal Orientations
Creators: name: Manata, Brian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: To date, organizational behavior and leadership scholars have placed a considerable amount of effort into understanding and expanding upon the LMX framework. One way that scholars have attempted to expand upon the LMX framework has been to examine whether certain moderators qualify the LMX process. This manuscript proposes that organizational members’ achievement orientations (i.e. mastery, performance-avoidance, and performance-approach orientations) constitute one likely set of member characteristics that qualify the effects of LMX. In testing this general proposition, a sample (N = 818) of organizational members from myriad organizations were sampled. Regression analyses suggested that those with mastery orientations perform exceedingly better in high-quality LMX relationships, whereas those with performance-approach orientations perform exceedingly worse. Alternatively, the effects of performance-avoidance orientations are direct and negative. Implications, future directions, and limitations are discussed.
Strong-to-weak Symmetry Breaking and Entanglement Transitions
Creators: name: Chen, Langxuan
name: Sun, Ning
name: Zhang, Pengfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When interacting with an environment, the entanglement within quantum many-body systems is rapidly transferred to the entanglement between the system and the bath. For systems with a large local Hilbert space dimension, this leads to a first-order entanglement transition for the reduced density matrix of the system. On the other hand, recent studies have introduced a new paradigm for classifying density matrices, with particular focus on scenarios where a strongly symmetric density matrix undergoes spontaneous symmetry breaking to a weak symmetry phase. This is typically characterized by a finite Rényi-2 correlator or a finite Wightman correlator. In this work, we study the entanglement transition from the perspective of strong-to-weak symmetry breaking, using solvable complex Brownian SYK models. We perform analytical calculations for both the early-time and late-time saddles. The results show that while the Rényi-2 correlator indicates a transition from symmetric to symmetry-broken phase, the Wightman correlator becomes finite even in the early-time saddle due to the single-replica limit, demonstrating that the first-order transition occurs between a near-symmetric phase and a deeply symmetry-broken phase in the sense of Wightman correlator. Our results provide a novel viewpoint on the entanglement transition under symmetry constraints and can be readily generalized to systems with repeated measurements.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
title: Governance capabilities, Industrialisation and the State: the case of the cotton and textile sectors in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Damestoy, Jean-Baptiste
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 2024

description: With an average GDP growth rate of 10%, Ethiopia is one of the notable exceptions in Sub-Saharan Africa since the 2000s (4.6% for SSA), especially given that this growth is based on rich natural resources or oil. This rapid economic growth has been partly driven by agriculture, which accounts for 33% of GDP, while the manufacturing sector has only recently experienced fast growth after decades of sluggish performance. The Ethiopian state has committed to state-led industrialization since the 2000s, first building on agricultural transformations, then focusing on FDI-led development of light manufacturing. However, structural change has only occurred to a limited extent until recently and driven by other non-agricultural sectors (e.g. services). This thesis addresses the question of the sluggish performance of the manufacturing sector until recently, despite bold industrial policy efforts. It focuses on the missing or malfunctioning governance capabilities that are needed to sustain an industrial-led process of structural change. In particular the thesis focuses on the missed opportunities to strengthen the backward linkages between textile and garment and cotton sectors. This research applies analytical categories from the field of political economy of institutions and industrial development, by focusing on the different types of economical, institutional, and political factors that have contributed to a disappointing performance of these sectors until recently. Research findings suggest that the key binding constraints affected significantly domestic textile and cotton stakeholders. The thesis explores why new governance capabilities have been generated to boost prospects for T&G production, especially for exports, but are still missing for the development of backward linkages to cotton production.
title: Building a capable farmers’ organisation towards livelihood improvement: Evidence from three Thai rice farmers’ organisational models
Creators: name: Aaltonen, Wanida
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 2021

description: This thesis has examined how a capable farmers’ organisation improves farmers’ livelihoods. Three cases of Thai rice farmers’ organisations were purposefully selected, representing different farmers’ organisation models that are producer driven, buyer-driven and facilitator-driven models. The rice value chain framework used in this thesis emphasised three key analytical aspects. These were i) value chain governance and organisational model; ii) upgrading; and iii) distributional outcomes. This enables the analysis to narrow down to which direction the farmers’ organisations would most likely achieve livelihood improvement. It is evident from the study of the three cases that a farmers’ organisation is a means to improve members’ livelihoods through leveraging power and resulting in value chain upgrading. By meaning improved livelihood, the focus was on how capacity building enhancement and post-harvest infrastructure resulted in improvements in income, farm productivity, access to capitals, and market participation. An organisational model arrangement directly impacts value chain governance, the ability to upgrade, and the efficiency of distributional outcomes. All these lead to rice value chain development. Findings have identified the pattern observed from the three farmers’ organisations as a process to increase capability. The pattern involves the precursor factors that lay the foundation for the determinants of organisational development. These precursor factors are commitment and trust, organisational models and behaviours, shared value, and capacity development and resource mobilisation. Consequently, the process and outcomes of a capable farmers’ organisation influenced by such precursors are organisational routines, repositioning farmers in the value chain, the reconfiguration of value chain finance, and value chain upgrading. The significance of each factor may vary, but the firm foundation depends on the combination of precursors and processes. The results highlight policy recommendations that can offer a path towards sustainable livelihoods for farmers.
title: British Collecting of Ceramics for Tea Gatherings from Meiji Japan: British Museum and Maidstone Museum Collections
Creators: name: Fukunaga, Ai
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 2021

description: Museum collections of Japanese ceramics in Britain include numerous utensils for whipped tea (matcha) and steeped tea (sencha) gatherings along with diverse vessels for daily and special occasions collected from Meiji Japan. Who collected them and why, and how did these objects obtain value in Britain around the turn of the twentieth century and through the process of collecting? Tracing the international network of collecting this material through the Sir Augustus W. Franks (1826–1897) collection at the British Museum, London and the Hon. Henry Marsham (1845–1908) collection at the Maidstone Museum, Kent, this thesis explores the value making process for objects used for two types of tea in the 1860s–80s and the 1880s–1900s, respectively. Based on archival and collection surveys in Britain, Japan, and Europe, the values assigned to these teawares are identified as a collaborative product of negotiations of multiple contributors—objects, collectors, learned societies, mediators, institutions and audiences. Adopting Actor-Network theory, this research gives voice to objects and mediators who have been subordinated and ignored in the history of collecting. At the intersection of the development of museums in the U.K., and academic disciplines of the nineteenth century, modern tourism in Japan, and the Anglo-Japanese Alliance, the objects for tea collected by Franks and Marsham can now be recognized as the products of (inter)national, local, and personal heritage.
Enhancing Mass Customization Manufacturing: Multiobjective Metaheuristic Algorithms for flow shop Production in Smart Industry
Creators: name: Rossit, Diego
name: Rossit, Daniel
name: Nesmachnow, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The current landscape of massive production industries is undergoing significant transformations driven by emerging customer trends and new smart manufacturing technologies. One such change is the imperative to implement mass customization, wherein products are tailored to individual customer specifications while still ensuring cost efficiency through large-scale production processes. These shifts can profoundly impact various facets of the industry. This study focuses on the necessary adaptations in shop-floor production planning. Specifically, it proposes the use of efficient evolutionary algorithms to tackle the flowshop with missing operations, considering different optimization objectives: makespan, weighted total tardiness, and total completion time. An extensive computational experimentation is conducted across a range of realistic instances, encompassing varying numbers of jobs, operations, and probabilities of missing operations. The findings demonstrate the competitiveness of the proposed approach and enable the identification of the most suitable evolutionary algorithms for addressing this problem. Additionally, the impact of the probability of missing operations on optimization objectives is discussed.
description: Preprint submitted to SN Computer Sciences
title: The Political Economy of Private Media in Egypt
Creators: name: Elmeshad, Mohamed
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 2021

description: This thesis investigates the political economy of Egypt’s media system during the neoliberal transition that saw the beginnings of locally produced private broadcast outlets and the reintroduction of Egyptian private newspaper publications. It is an examination of power and capital for a sector that was at a distinctive intersection of political sensitivity and commercial promise. Privately-owned local television and print outlets burst onto the scene at the turn of the 21st century. For the following two decades, Egypt experienced the emergence of politically empowered businessmen amid a marked liberalization drive, followed by massive socio-political changes sparked by the Arab Spring, and then a return to an autocratic, military-led regime. Developments in Egypt’s media system during these changes showed high levels of political and economic parallelism. However, some of the structural shifts that occurred in the sector were not accompanied with institutional adjustments in the underlying approach that the state had been taking towards mass media for decades. As a result, private mass media development in Egypt was constantly fragmented and inconsistent. Policies governing the industry were often reactive, and dependent on ‘national security’ considerations. Factors that played into the early growth in the sector were quite circumstantial, contributing to the volatility outlined over the course of the research. Yet the sector still managed to be a prominent element in the country’s transforming tapestry.
title: Collecting and Display in Public and Private: A Biography of the Ionides Collection of European Style Chinese Export Porcelain, 1920-1970
Creators: name: Glaister, Helen
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 2021

description: This thesis constructs a biography of the Ionides Collection of European style Chinese export porcelain; a collection previously unknown beyond specialist ceramic circles, but one whose objects have defined this sub-field of Chinese ceramics. Focusing on the years preceding, during and after the Second World War, this thesis investigates the appeal of art objects which materialise Sino-European cultural and commercial encounters of the long eighteenth century to twentieth century collectors, Basil and Nellie Ionides and the national museums of Britain, revealing shifting attitudes towards Chineseness, Britishness and identity politics. The life of the Ionides Collection is considered in two distinct phases in order to explore the transformations which occurred, not only in the shape of the collection, but in the meaning of objects as they were (re)classified, displayed and interpreted in a variety of temporal and spatial contexts. First, in the private sphere of the Ionides, through their personal biographies and the historical lived interior at Buxted Park, the relationship between collecting Chinese export porcelain and interior design is explored, as part of the contemporary fashion for the Neo-Georgian, in which the collector/designer Basil Ionides played a significant role. The study of social networks linking the collectors to agents and advisors, dealers, auctioneers and museum specialists brings into focus the dynamics of collecting during this period, the taste of the Ionides and their self-fashioning as collectors. In the public sphere of the museum, the Ionides Collection embarked on the second phase of its life, resulting in the formation of ‘micro-collections’ at the V&A and British Museum, each situated within established museum taxonomies of Chinese art, Chinese ceramics and Chinese export art and subject to post-war innovations then taking shape. This thesis considers the relationship between private collector and national museum, highlighting the impact of key actors and institutional practice which defined the status of European style Chinese export porcelain and in turn the Ionides Collection at the heart of this study.
title: ÐÐ°ÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ð°ÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸. ÐÐ° Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ñ Ð²ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÐµÑÐ¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹ Ð°Ð´Ð´Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÑ Ð¸ Ð½Ð°Ð¸Ð»ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¿Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹
title: Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: ÐÐ¸ÐºÐ¸ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð², ÐÐ°Ð»ÐµÑÐ¸Ð¹
name: ÐÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÐ², ÐÐ°Ð²ÐµÐ»
name: ÐÐ¾Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð², ÐÐ¸ÐºÐ¸ÑÐ°
name: ÐÐ¾Ð±ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¾Ð², ÐÐ°Ð»ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð½
name: ÐÐ¸ÐºÐ¸ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð², ÐÐ³Ð¾ÑÑ
Publisher: name: ÐÐÐÐÐ¢ÐÐ¥-ÐÐ ÐÐ¡Ð¡
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ð¢ÐµÑÐ¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ
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description: Ð Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹, Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÐ¼ÑÑ Ð² Ð½Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ðµ ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ðº ÑÐµÑÐ¼Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ð¼, Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÐ¼ Ð¸ ÑÐµÑÐ¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¼ ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ð°ÑÑÐ°Ð¼, Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½ ÑÐµÑÐ¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ð°ÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð°Ð´Ð´Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¸ Â«Ð½Ð°Ð¸Ð»ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¿Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹Â», Ð³Ð°ÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´ÑÐ½Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ð°ÑÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸ Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸. Ð£ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¾, ÑÑÐ¾ Ð½Ð¸ ÑÐµÑÐ¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ, Ð½Ð¸ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ°, Ð½Ð¸ ÑÑÐ¸Ð»Ñ ÑÐµÐºÑÑÐ° ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ð°ÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð½Ðµ ÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ²ÑÑÑ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¼ Ðº ÑÐµÑÐ¼Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ð¼, Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÐ¼ Ð¸ Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¼Ð°Ð¼ ÑÑÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ·ÑÐºÐ°. Ð¡Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð°Ð½ Ð²ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð´ Ð¾ Ð½ÐµÑÐµÐ»ÐµÑÐ¾Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð¾ÑÐµÑÐµÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐ¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ð°ÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´ÑÐ½Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½ÑÐ¼. ÐÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ´Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÑÑÐµÐ½ÑÑÐ²Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¸ Ð¾ÑÐ³Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾-Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð² Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑÑÑ ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐ¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹. Ð Ð°ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð° Ð½Ð° Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð², Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾Ð², ÑÐºÑÐ¿ÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð², Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð² ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐµ, ÑÐºÑÐ¿ÐµÑÑÐ¸Ð·Ðµ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð½ÑÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ð°ÑÑÐ¾Ð², Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð½Ð° Ð¿ÑÐµÐ¿Ð¾Ð´Ð°Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÑÑÐµÐ¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð²ÑÐµÑ ÑÑÑÐ¿ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ¹ Ð¸ ÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ¹ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ, Ð¾ÑÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ð»ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐºÑ Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÑ.
sj-pdf-1-jba-10.1177_0885328220935378 - Supplemental material for Hollow cathode plasma nitriding of medical grade Ti6Al4V: A comprehensive study
Creators: name: Fontoura, Cristian Padilha
name: Rodrigues, Melissa Machado
name: Garcia, Charlene Silvestrin Celi
name: Klester Dos
name: Souza, Santos
name: Henriques, João Antonio Pêgas
name: Janete Eunice Zorzi
name: Roesch-Ely, Mariana
name: Aguzzoli, Cesar
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jba-10.1177_0885328220935378 for Hollow cathode plasma nitriding of medical grade Ti6Al4V: A comprehensive study by Cristian Padilha Fontoura, Melissa Machado Rodrigues, Charlene Silvestrin Celi Garcia, Klester dos, Santos Souza, João Antonio Pêgas Henriques, Janete Eunice Zorzi, Mariana Roesch-Ely and Cesar Aguzzoli in Journal of Biomaterials Applications
title: Manufacturing Competitiveness in Times of China: Evidence from South Africa
Creators: name: Torreggiani, Sofia
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 2022

description: The main objective of this thesis is to shed new light on the effects of the dramatic increase in China’s export and production capacity on the competitiveness of the South African manufacturing sector. The analysis focuses on the post-apartheid period, when China’s global expansion accelerated and its bilateral relations with South Africa intensified, giving rise to widespread concerns about the effects on South Africa’s development prospects. This thesis adopts a multi-methods research strategy. Its main body consists of three chapters, each taking a distinct approach to providing new evidence on the research subject. First, two econometric studies, incorporating key aspects of evolutionary and structuralist economics, analyse the impact of Chinese import penetration on the growth dynamics of South Africa-based manufacturing firms (Chapter 3) and on South African exports of medium- and high-technology products to third countries (Chapter 4). Second, a mixed methods case study explores the effects of the rise of China on South African mining equipment suppliers (Chapter 5). This analysis is the result of nine months’ fieldwork and builds on a novel analytical framework integrating insights from global value chain research, the technology capability framework, and international business and general management literature. Chapters 3 to 5 are preceded by an introduction (Chapter 1) and some methodological considerations (Chapter 2), and followed by conclusions (Chapter 6). This thesis finds that the rise of China has exerted a strong competitive pressure on the South African manufacturing sector. South Africa-based firms have seen their growth potential constrained due to the increasing penetration of Chinese imports. South African exports of medium- and high-technology products to third markets have experienced a decline, due to increasing Chinese exports in the same product categories and destinations. Finally, the rise of China has been identified as a key factor behind the ongoing marginalisation of South Africa as a strategic location for innovation in, and the production of, mining-related technologies. Although this thesis focuses on a specific, and admittedly limited, set of trade- and investment-related impacts of the rise of China, it shows that this phenomenon has intensified the challenges faced by South African manufacturing, increasing the urgency for strengthening domestic capabilities, particularly in some more technology-intensive sectors, by means of targeted industrial policy measures.