cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Large scale analysis of generalization error in learning using margin based classification methods
Creators: name: Huang, Hanwen
name: Yang, Qinglong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large-margin classifiers are popular methods for classification. We derive the asymptotic expression for the generalization error of a family of large-margin classifiers in the limit of both sample size $n$ and dimension $p$ going to $\infty$ with fixed ratio $α=n/p$. This family covers a broad range of commonly used classifiers including support vector machine, distance weighted discrimination, and penalized logistic regression. Our result can be used to establish the phase transition boundary for the separability of two classes. We assume that the data are generated from a single multivariate Gaussian distribution with arbitrary covariance structure. We explore two special choices for the covariance matrix: spiked population model and two layer neural networks with random first layer weights. The method we used for deriving the closed-form expression is from statistical physics known as the replica method. Our asymptotic results match simulations already when $n,p$ are of the order of a few hundreds. For two layer neural networks, we reproduce the recently developed `double descent' phenomenology for several classification models. We also discuss some statistical insights that can be drawn from these analysis.
description: 31 pages, 7 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1901.08057
Additional file 11 of Nintedanib and immunomodulatory therapies in progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases
Creators: name: Cottin, Vincent
name: Richeldi, Luca
name: Rosas, Ivan
name: Otaola, Maria
name: Song, Jin Woo
name: Tomassetti, Sara
name: Wijsenbeek, Marlies
name: Schmitz, Manuela
name: Coeck, Carl
name: Stowasser, Susanne
name: Rozsa Schlenker-Herceg
name: Kolb, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 11: Table S7. Restricted or prohibited immunomodulatory or antifibrotic therapies taken at baseline, during treatment with trial drug and/or following discontinuation of trial drug over 52 weeks by customized drug grouping (CDG) category or preferred name in subjects with other fibrotic patterns on HRCT.
Ammonite occurrences in North Sea Cores: Implications for Jurassic Arctic-Mediterranean marine seaway connectivity
Creators: name: Morton, Nicol
name: Mitta, Vasily V.
name: Underhill, John
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The detailed measurements of dimensions of the ammonites described are given in this document.
Glass transition theory based on stress relaxation
Creators: name: Trachenko, Kostya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that an onset of glass transition can be defined as the point at which a supercooled liquid acquires the stress relaxation mechanism of a solid glass. We translate this condition into the rate equation for local relaxation events. This equation simultaneously gives two main signatures of glass transition, stretched-exponential relaxation and the Vogel-Fulcher law. The proposed theory quantifies system fragility in terms of the number of retarded local relaxation events and reproduces its correlation with the non-exponentiality of relaxation and bonding type.
Towards robust sensing for Autonomous Vehicles: An adversarial perspective
Creators: name: Modas, Apostolos
name: Sanchez-Matilla, Ricardo
name: Frossard, Pascal
name: Cavallaro, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Autonomous Vehicles rely on accurate and robust sensor observations for safety critical decision-making in a variety of conditions. Fundamental building blocks of such systems are sensors and classifiers that process ultrasound, RADAR, GPS, LiDAR and camera signals~\cite{Khan2018}. It is of primary importance that the resulting decisions are robust to perturbations, which can take the form of different types of nuisances and data transformations, and can even be adversarial perturbations (APs). Adversarial perturbations are purposefully crafted alterations of the environment or of the sensory measurements, with the objective of attacking and defeating the autonomous systems. A careful evaluation of the vulnerabilities of their sensing system(s) is necessary in order to build and deploy safer systems in the fast-evolving domain of AVs. To this end, we survey the emerging field of sensing in adversarial settings: after reviewing adversarial attacks on sensing modalities for autonomous systems, we discuss countermeasures and present future research directions.
Additional tables and figures from Impact of extreme weather conditions on the European crop production in 2018
Creators: name: Beillouin Damien
name: Schauberger Bernhard
name: Bastos Ana
name: Ciais Phillipe
name: Makowski David
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Extreme weather increases the risk of large-scale crop failure. The mechanisms involved are complex and intertwined, hence undermining the identification of simple adaptation levers to help improve the resilience of agricultural production. Based on more than 82 000 yield data reported at the regional level in 17 European countries, we assess how climate variables affected the yields of nine crop species over Europe since up to 1901 using machine learning models fitted on yield time series. We then focus on 2018, which has experienced a multiplicity and a diversity of atypical extreme climatic conditions. Machine learning models explain up to 65% of historical yield anomalies. We find that both extremes in temperature and precipitation are associated with negative yield anomalies, but with varying impacts in different parts of Europe. In 2018, Northern and Eastern Europe experienced multiple and simultaneous crop failures—among the highest observed in recent decades. These yield losses were associated with extremely low rainfalls in combination with extreme high temperatures between March and August 2018. The higher than usual yields recorded in Southern Europe - caused by favourable spring rainfall conditions. Overall, the higher yields in Southern Europe nearly offset the large decrease in Northern European crop production. Our results outline the importance of considering single and compound climate extremes to analyse the causes of yield losses in Europe.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Impacts of the 2018 severe drought and heatwave in Europe: from site to continental scale'.
Additional file 12 of Nintedanib and immunomodulatory therapies in progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases
Creators: name: Cottin, Vincent
name: Richeldi, Luca
name: Rosas, Ivan
name: Otaola, Maria
name: Song, Jin Woo
name: Tomassetti, Sara
name: Wijsenbeek, Marlies
name: Schmitz, Manuela
name: Coeck, Carl
name: Stowasser, Susanne
name: Rozsa Schlenker-Herceg
name: Kolb, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 12: Table S8. Restricted or prohibited immunomodulatory or antifibrotic therapies taken at baseline, during treatment with trial drug and/or following discontinuation of trial drug over 52 weeks by customized drug grouping or preferred name in subgroups by ILD diagnosis.
FACTORS AFFECTING PARTICIPATION IN THE FOOD STAMP PROGRAM IN TENNESSEE
Creators: name: Tegegne, Fisseha
name: Muhammad, Safdar
name: Ekanem, Enefiok P.
name: Tegegne, Fisseha
name: Muhammad, Safdar
name: Ekanem, Enefiok P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: The goal of the Food Stamp Program (FSP) is to serve as a safety net for low-income families by providing assistance that will enable them purchase nutritious food. Eligibility to participate in the program is based on U.S. poverty guidelines and asset ownership of recipients. Recent welfare reform resulted in a decrease of participants in all federal welfare programs including food stamps. This paper reports results of an evaluation of county-level economic conditions and existing policy parameters that affect participation in the FSP in Tennessee and to derive implications for future policies. The results showed that there has been a significant decline in participation in the state, with a greater decline in metro counties over the same period. The trend is similar to that observed in other states. Regression analysis was performed on county-level data to identify the relationship between local economic conditions and participation in the FSP in Tennessee.
Additional file 13 of Nintedanib and immunomodulatory therapies in progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases
Creators: name: Cottin, Vincent
name: Richeldi, Luca
name: Rosas, Ivan
name: Otaola, Maria
name: Song, Jin Woo
name: Tomassetti, Sara
name: Wijsenbeek, Marlies
name: Schmitz, Manuela
name: Coeck, Carl
name: Stowasser, Susanne
name: Rozsa Schlenker-Herceg
name: Kolb, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 13: Table S9. Proportions of subjects taking high-dose or low-dose glucocorticoids at baseline, during treatment and/or following discontinuation of trial drug over 52 weeks.
Comparison of the properties of GaN grown on complex Si-based structures
Creators: name: Zhou, Shengqiang
name: Vantomme, A.
name: Zhang, B. S.
name: Yang, H.
name: Wu, M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the aim of investigating the possible integration of opto-electronic devices, epitaxial GaN layers have been grown on Si(111) SOI and on Si/CoSi2/Si(111) using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The samples are found to possess a highly oriented wurtzite structure, a uniform thickness and abrupt interfaces. The epitaxial orientation is determined as GaN(0001)//Si(111), GaN[1120]//Si[110] and GaN[1010]//Si[112], and the GaN layer is tensily strained in the direction parallel to the interface. According to Rutherford backscattering/channeling spectrometry and (0002) rocking curves, the crystalline quality of GaN on Si(111) SOI is better than that of GaN on silicide. Room-temperature photoluminescence of GaN/SOI reveals a strong near-bandedge emission at 368 nm (3.37 eV) with an FWHM of 59 meV.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
title: Bitcoin Halving – Wirkung des Angebotsschocks
title: Bitcoin Halving - Effect of the Supply Shock
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Leive, Richard
Publisher: name: Hochschule Bremen
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Bitcoin
subject: Bitcoin Halving
subject: Bitcoin Halvings
subject: Bitcoin-Blase
subject: Bitcoin Bubble
subject: Bitcoin Automatismen
subject: Bitcoin Automatisms
subject: Bitcoin Mechanismen
subject: Bitcoin Mechanisms
subject: Bitcoinzyklen
subject: Bitcoin Cycles
subject: Währung oder Anlagevermögen
subject: Currency or Asset
subject: Korrelationen mit Bitcoin
subject: Correlations with Bitcoin
subject: HODL-Waves-Indikator
subject: HODL Waves Indicator
subject: 330

description: In der folgenden wissenschaftlichen Arbeit mit dem Titel „Bitcoin Halving – Wirkung des Angebotsschocks“ wird sich dem System Bitcoin und dem Automatismus der Halvings gewidmet. Es wird der Forschungsfrage „Hat ein Bitcoin Halving kurz-, mittel- und langfristige Auswirkungen auf die Preisentwicklung von Bitcoin?“ nachgegangen und die Hypothese „Ein Bitcoin Halving hat einen starken langfristigen Einfluss auf die Preisentwicklung von Bitcoin.“ aufgestellt. Darauffolgend werden die Grundlagen vermittelt und eine Literaturrecherche durchgeführt, in deren Verlauf festgestellt wird, dass Bitcoin zu dem heutigen Zeitpunkt keine Währung, sondern eine spekulative und hochriskante Wertanlage darstellt. Zusätzlich wird durch wissenschaftliche Arbeiten belegt, dass es zu starken Blasenbildungen im Verlauf der Preisfindung von Bitcoin gekommen ist und dass Bitcoin Korrelationen mit anderen Anlagevermögen aufweist. Diese Korrelationen von Bitcoin mit Gold, S&P 500, NASDAQ, DJI und Nikkei 225 werden dann mit der Pearson-Korrelation für den zweiten und dritten Bitcoin-Zyklus berechnet. Zusätzlich werden die kurz-, mittel- und langfristigen Entwicklungen der Wertanlagen und Indices miteinander verglichen. Die Korrelationen können die Preisentwicklungen nicht begründen, woraufhin weitere Indikatoren wie der HODL-Waves Indikator und der Verlauf von Google-Suchanfragen von Google Trends analysiert werden. Dadurch ergibt sich, dass die extremen Preisanstiege nach den Halvings durch das Halteverhalten der Bitcoin-Nutzer verstärkt werden und nicht die Halvings, sondern erst der Preisanstieg bei der Allgemeinheit ein erhöhtes Interesse hervorruft. Abschließend wird festgestellt, dass das Bitcoin Halving einen starken langfristigen Einfluss auf die Preisentwicklung von Bitcoin hat und dass ein Investment in Bitcoin nur nach vorheriger entsprechender Kenntnisbildung durchgeführt werden sollte.
The formation of DA white dwarfs with thin hydrogen envelopes
Creators: name: Althaus, L. G.
name: Bertolami, M. M. Miller
name: Córsico, A. H.
name: García-Berro, E.
name: Gil-Pons, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation and evolution of DA white dwarfs, the progenitors of which have experienced a late thermal pulse (LTP) shortly after the departure from the thermally pulsing AGB. To this end, we compute the complete evolution of an initially 2.7 Mo star all the way from the zero-age main sequence to the white dwarf stage. We find that most of the original H-rich material of the post-AGB remnant is burnt during the post-LTP evolution, with the result that, at entering its white dwarf cooling track, the remaining H envelope becomes 10^-6 Mo in agreement with asteroseismological inferences for some ZZ Ceti stars.
description: 4 pages including 3 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters
Additional file 14 of Nintedanib and immunomodulatory therapies in progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases
Creators: name: Cottin, Vincent
name: Richeldi, Luca
name: Rosas, Ivan
name: Otaola, Maria
name: Song, Jin Woo
name: Tomassetti, Sara
name: Wijsenbeek, Marlies
name: Schmitz, Manuela
name: Coeck, Carl
name: Stowasser, Susanne
name: Rozsa Schlenker-Herceg
name: Kolb, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 14: Figure S3. Rate of decline in forced vital capacity (FVC) (mL/year) over 52 weeks in subjects with a UIP-like fibrotic pattern on HRCT (A) or other fibrotic patterns on HRCT (B) in the primary analysis, in an analysis excluding subjects who took ≥ 1 restricted or prohibited therapy, and in an analysis excluding FVC measurements taken after initiation of restricted or prohibited therapy.
title: Fachkräfte im Ordnungsrecht der vollstationären Dauerpflege – eine Gemengelage
title: Personell regulations of healthcare professionals in long-term inpatient care - a complex melange
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ambos, Peter
Publisher: name: Universität Bremen
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Altenpflege
subject: Dauerpflege
subject: Ordnungsrecht
subject: Personalbemessung
subject: Personalrecht
subject: inpatient care
subject: long-term care
subject: vollstationäre Pflege
subject: Einrichtungsleitung
subject: Eingliederungshilfe
subject: Pflegedienstleitung
subject: Fachkräfte
subject: healthcare professionals
subject: Langzeitpflege
subject: 610

description: Mit der Föderalismusreform I im Jahr 2006 ging die Gesetzgebungskompetenz im Heimrecht an die Bundesländer über. Seitdem hat jedes Bundesland eigene Regelungen zu den Mindestqualifikationen und dem Einsatz von Fachkräften in der vollstationären Dauerpflege erlassen. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, diese Regelungen gesammelt und übersichtlich darzustellen und Unterschiede sowie Ähnlichkeiten hervorzuheben. Um dies zu erreichen, wurden die relevanten Passagen aus den Rechtsnormen der Bundesländer recherchiert und in einer vergleichenden Analyse dargestellt. Diese wurde in Abschnitte Anerkennung (Mindestqualifikationen) von Fachkräften, Mindestressourcen beim Einsatz von Fachkräften und Regelungen bezüglich Leitungskräften in Einrichtungen der vollstationären Dauerpflege (Einrichtungs- und Pflegedienstleitung) eingeteilt. Die Ergebnisse der Analyse zeigen ein weit gestreutes Feld an Regelungen mit Mustern in verschiedenen Bereichen. Diese bestehen zum größten Teil aus einer Orientierung an der vorhergehenden Gesetzgebung, was für einen gewissen Grad an Pfadabhängigkeit in der Gesetzgebung der Bundesländer im Heimrecht nach der Föderalismusreform I spricht. Ein Ansatzpunkt für weitere Forschung ist der Einfluss der länderspezifischen Ausbildungsordnungen für Fachkraftberufe auf die Anerkennung der Berufsabschlüsse als Fachkräfte in anderen Bundesländern.
Far-flung Filaments of Ejecta in the Young Supernova Remnant G292.0+1.8
Creators: name: Winkler, P. Frank
name: Long, Knox S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New optical images of the young SNR G292.0+1.8, obtained from the 0.9-m telescope at CTIO, show a more extensive network of filaments than had been known previously. Filaments emitting in [O III] are distributed throughout much of the 8 arcmin diameter shell seen in X-ray and radio images, including a few at the very outermost shell limits. We have also detected four small complexes of filaments that show [S II] emission along with [OIII]. In a single long-slit spectrum we find variations of almost an order of magnitude in the relative strengths of oxygen and sulfur lines, which must result from abundance variations. None of the filaments, with or without [S II], shows any evidence for hydrogen, so all appear to be fragments of pure SN ejecta. The [S II] filaments provide the first evidence for undiluted products of oxygen burning in the ejecta from the supernova that gave rise to G292.0+1.8. Some oxygen burning must have occurred, but the paucity of [S II]-emitting filaments suggests that either the oxygen burning was not extensive or that most of its products have yet to be excited. Most of the outer filaments exhibit radial, pencil-like morphologies that suggest an origin as Rayleigh-Taylor fingers of ejecta, perhaps formed during the explosion. Simulations of core-collapse supernovae predict such fingers, but these have never before been so clearly observed in a young SNR. The total flux from the SNR in [OIII] 5007 is 5.4 * 10**-12 ergs/cm**2/s. Using a distance of 6 kpc and an extinction correction corresponding to E(B-V) = 0.6 (lower than previous values but more consistent both with our data and radio and X-ray estimates of NH), this leads to a luminosity of 1.6 * 10**35 ergs/s in the 5007 Ang. line.
description: 32 pages including 10 figures, and 3 tables, accepted for publication in AJ. Vol 132, July 2006. Higher resolution versions of the figures and a pdf of the manuscript can be found at http://www-int.stsci.edu/~long/papers/g292_optical/
New York Times Upshot/Siena College: November 2018 Kentucky 06 Poll
Creators: name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Likelihood of voting in 2018 election (2); vote for Democrat/Republican for Congress (1); Kentucky Congressional District 06 (1); Democratic Candidate Amy McGrath (1); Republican Candidate Andy Barr (1); opinion of various public figures (2); respondent would like Democrats/Republicans to control House of Representatives (1); President Donald Trump job performance (1); political partisanship (1).
Provability and interpretability logics with restricted realizations
Creators: name: Icard, Thomas F.
name: Joosten, Joost J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The provability logic of a theory T is the set of modal formulas, which under any arithmetical realization are provable in T . We slightly modify this notion by requiring the arithmetical realizations to come from a specified set $Γ$. We make an analogous modification for interpretability logics. This is a paper from 2012. We first studied provability logics with restricted realizations, and show that for various natural candidates of theory T and restriction set $Γ$, where each sentence in $Γ$ has a well understood (meta)-mathematical content in T, the result is the logic of linear frames. However, for the theory Primitive Recursive Arithmetic (PRA), we define a fragment that gives rise to a more interesting provability logic, by capitalizing on the well-studied relationship between PRA and I$Σ_1$. We then study interpretability logics, obtaining some upper bounds for IL(PRA), whose characterization remains a major open question in interpretability logic. Again this upper bound is closely relatively to linear frames. The technique is also applied to yield the non-trivial result that IL(PRA) $\subset$ ILM.
The 2004 UTfit Collaboration Report on the Status of the Unitarity Triangle in the Standard Model
Creators: name: UTfit Collaboration
name: Bona, M.
name: Ciuchini, M.
name: Franco, E.
name: Lubicz, V.
name: Martinelli, G.
name: Parodi, F.
name: Pierini, M.
name: Roudeau, P.
name: Schiavi, C.
name: Silvestrini, L.
name: Stocchi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the latest determinations of several theoretical and experimental parameters, we update the Unitarity Triangle analysis in the Standard Model. The basic experimental constraints come from the measurements of |V_ub/V_cb|, Delta M_d, the lower limit on Delta M_s, epsilon_k, and the measurement of the phase of the B_d - anti B_d mixing amplitude through the time-dependent CP asymmetry in B^0 to J/psi K^0 decays. In addition, we consider the direct determination of alpha, gamma, 2 beta + gamma and cos(2 beta) from the measurements of new CP-violating quantities, recently performed at the B factories. We also discuss the opportunities offered by improving the precision of the various physical quantities entering in the determination of the Unitarity Triangle parameters. The results and the plots presented in this paper can also be found at http://www.utfit.org, where they are continuously updated with the newest experimental and theoretical results.
description: 32 pages, 17 figures. High resolution figures and updates can be found at http://www.utfit.org v2: misprints corrected
Fig. S5 from Multiyear social stability and social information use in reef sharks with diel fission-fusion dynamics
Creators: name: Papastamatiou, Yannis P.
name: Bodey, Thomas W.
name: Caselle, Jennifer E.
name: Bradley, Darcy
name: Freeman, Robin
name: Friedlander, Alan M.
name: Jacoby, David M. P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Indiviudal based model results comparing loner (private information) vs social (private + social information) foraging strategies. Next set of models assume all foragers are social but may either use a central place (CPF) or wander randomly throughout the model space (wanderer). In these model simulations, we also test the effect of prey quality on model predictions.
Basis functions for residual stresses
Creators: name: Tiwari, Sankalp
name: Chatterjee, Anindya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46E29, 49R99, 65N25, 65N30, 74G65

description: We consider arbitrary preexisting residual stress states in arbitrarily shaped, unloaded bodies. These stresses must be self-equilibrating and traction free. Common treatments of the topic tend to focus on either the mechanical origins of the stress, or methods of stress measurement at certain locations. Here we take the stress field as given and consider the problem of approximating any such stress field, in a given body, as a linear combination of predetermined fields which can serve as a basis. We consider planar stress states in detail, and introduce an extremization problem that leads to a linear eigenvalue problem. Eigenfunctions of that problem form an orthonormal basis for all possible residual stress states of sufficient smoothness. In numerical examples, convergence of the approximating stress fields is demonstrated in the $L^2$ norm for continuous stress fields as well as for a stress field with a simple discontinuity. Finally, we outline the extension of our theory to three dimensional bodies and states of stress. Our approach can be used to describe arbitrary preexisting residual stress states in arbitrarily shaped bodies using basis functions that are determined by the body geometry alone.
title: Fassadennutzung im Flächenkonflikt zwischen Klimaschutz und Klimaanpassung. Erarbeitung einer Entscheidungsgrundlage zur Nutzung von Photovoltaik, Begrünung sowie einer Kombination aus beidem an städtischen Gebäudefassaden
title: Facades in the context of the land-use conflict of mitigating or adapting to climate change. Development of a decision-making basis for the application of photovoltaics, greening and their combination in urban building facades
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ostheimer, Silvan Johannes
Publisher: name: Hochschule Bremen
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fassade
subject: Flächenkonflikt
subject: Klimaschutz
subject: Klimaanpassung
subject: städtische Wärmeinsel
subject: Photovoltaik-Fassade
subject: Fassadenbegrünung
subject: 600

description: Das gleichzeitige Erfüllen von Klimaschutzzielen bei Anpassung an bereits bestehende Klimafolgen stellt Städte vor besondere Herausforderungen. Photovoltaik und Begrünung stellen hier relevante Maßnahmen dar, die angesichts der Bodenknappheit auch an vertikalen Fassadenflächen umgesetzt werden können. Aufgrund potenzieller Flächenkonflikte zwischen Klimaschutz und Klimaanpassung wird neuerdings die Kombination von Photovoltaik und Begrünung in Betracht gezogen. Bislang fehlt es für die genannten Maßnahmen jedoch an einheitlichen Bewertungen der Klimaschutz- und Klimaanpassungswirkung. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist daher die Erstellung einer wissenschaftlichen Grundlage, auf deren Basis Entscheidungen über die Nutzung einzelner Gebäudefassaden getroffen werden können. Dabei wird folgende Fragestellung beantwortet: Wie wirken sich eine Photovoltaik-Fassade, eine Fassadenbegrünung sowie eine Kombination aus beidem in Bezug auf Klimaschutz und Klimaanpassung im städtischen Umfeld sowohl auf Gebäude- als auch auf Quartiersebene aus? Auf Basis einer qualitativen Literaturauswertung wurden relevante Wirkungsfelder herausgestellt. Darauf aufbauend wurde eine quantitative Bewertungsmethodik entwickelt, anhand der die Maßnahmen für repräsentative Szenarien bewertet wurden. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine hohe Klimaschutzwirkung der Photovoltaik-Fassade bei hoher solarer Bestrahlung. Für die Fassadenbegrünung wurde eine hohe Klimaanpassungswirkung bei hoher mikroklimatischer Hitzebelastung und gleichzeitig hoher solarer Bestrahlung festgestellt. Damit ergibt sich für dieses Szenario ein potenzieller Flächenkonflikt zwischen Klimaschutz und Klimaanpassung. Die Kombination beider Maßnahmen zeigte insbesondere hier eine höhere Gesamtwirkung und kann daher als geeignete Lösung des Flächenkonfliktes gesehen werden. Eine Anwendung der entwickelten Bewertungsmethodik für einzelne Fassaden auf der Gebäudeebene ist auf Basis frei zugänglicher Daten und ohne unverhältnismäßig großen Aufwand möglich. In einem nächsten Schritt könnte die Methodik für quantitative Betrachtungen auf der Quartiers- und Stadtebene zur Erstellung von integrierten Potenzialkatastern ausgeweitet werden.
Methods of Stellar Space-Density Analyses: A Retrospective Review
Creators: name: Reed, B. Cameron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar space density analyses, once a very active area of astronomical research, involved transforming counts of stars to given limiting magnitudes in selected areas of the sky into graphs of the number of stars per cubic parsec as a function of distance. Several methods of computing the transformation have been published, varying from manual spreadsheets to computer programs based on very sophisticated mathematical techniques for deconvolving integral equations. This paper revisits these techniques and compares the performance of seven of them published between 1913 and 2003 as applied to both simulated and real data.
Additional file 1 of Nintedanib and immunomodulatory therapies in progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases
Creators: name: Cottin, Vincent
name: Richeldi, Luca
name: Rosas, Ivan
name: Otaola, Maria
name: Song, Jin Woo
name: Tomassetti, Sara
name: Wijsenbeek, Marlies
name: Schmitz, Manuela
name: Coeck, Carl
name: Stowasser, Susanne
name: Rozsa Schlenker-Herceg
name: Kolb, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Appendix S1. List of independent ethics committees and institutional review boards.
Strategic Evaluation in Optimizing the Internal Supply Chain Using TOPSIS: Evidence In A Coil Winding Machine Manufacturer
Creators: name: Shenoy, Dilip U
name: Sharma, Vinay
name: Prasad, Shiva HC
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.6.2
subject: 90B50

description: Most of the manufacturing firm aims to optimize their Supply Chain in terms of improved profitability of its products through value Addition. This study takes a critical look into the factors that affect the Performance of internal supply chain with respect to specific criteria. Accordingly, ranking these factors to get the critical dimensions of supply chain performance in the manufacturing industry. A semi-structured interview with the pre-defined set of questions used to collect the responses from decision makers of the firm. Multi criteria decision-making tool called TOPSIS is used to evaluate the responses and rank the factors. The results of this indicate that supplier relationship and inventory planning were most principal factors positively influencing on-time delivery of the product, production flexibility, cost savings, additional costs. This study helps to identify and optimize the process parameters using objective and subjective evaluation approach. The combined influence of the thought process of the manager to optimize the internal supply chain is extracted in this work.
description: 04 pages, 03 figure, 07 tables
Femtosecond spectral electric field reconstruction using coherent transients
Creators: name: Monmayrant, Antoine
name: Chatel, Béatrice
name: Girard, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have implemented a new approach for measuring the time-dependent intensity and phase of ultrashort optical pulses. It is based on the interaction between shaped pulses and atoms, leading to coherent transients.
description: 4 pages Accepted in Optics Letters
Non-parametric reconstruction of the cosmological \textit{jerk} parameter
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Purba
name: Banerjee, Narayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmological jerk parameter $j$ is reconstructed in a non-parametric way from observational data independent of a fiducial cosmological model. From this kinematical quantity, the equation of state parameter for composite matter distribution is also found out. The result shows that there is a deviation from the $Λ$CDM model close to $z=1.5$, at the $3σ$ confidence level.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Hanebutt-Benz, Eva; Glas, Dagmar; Roper, Geoffrey (Hrsg.): Sprachen des nahen Ostens und die Druckrevolution
Creators: name: Walbiner, Carsten-Michael
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 88 (2004): Oriens christianus, Band 88
Berechnung und Vergleich spezifischer und allgemeiner Treibhausgasemissionsfaktoren im Gütertransport am Beispiel ausgewählter Handelsstrecken
Creators: name: Müller, Carmen
Publisher: name: Hochschule Bremen
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Lieferketten
subject: DIN EN 16258
subject: Co2 Fußabdruck
subject: 620

description: In komplexen Lieferketten einen umfassenden Überblick über das tatsächliche Ausmaß von CO2-Emissionen und anderen Umweltauswirkungen zu erhalten, stellt vor allem große Unternehmen vor eine enorme Herausforderung. Der Transport von Gütern hat dabei einen maßgeblichen Einfluss darauf, wie emissionsstark diese Lieferketten sind. Vor dem Hintergrund der Klimakrise, die es erfordert, in jedem Sektor Klimaschutzmaßnahmen durchzuführen und damit Treibhausgasemissionen zu reduzieren, muss auch die Art des Transports von Gütern hinsichtlich ihrer Klimaschädlichkeit bewertet und daraus positive Veränderungen angestrebt werden. Datenmodelle wie matter+s des Unternehmens ctrl+s GmbH können die Lieferketten bereits abbilden und diese mit Nachhaltigkeitsindikatoren verknüpfen. Um das Modell matter+s hinsichtlich der korrekten Abbildung der Transportemissionen in der Lieferkette weiterzuentwickeln, wurden in der vorliegenden Arbeit zwei für den eurozentrischen Handel repräsentative Handelsrouten ausgewählt, analysiert und die bei dem Transport entstehenden Emissionen berechnet und miteinander verglichen. Die Emissionsberechnung erfolgte dabei auf Grundlage der europäischen Norm DIN EN 16258. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen zum großen Teil das Verhältnis verschiedener Beförderungsmittel bezüglich ihres Emissionsausstoßes, wichtige Erkenntnisse ergaben sich jedoch vor allem im Bereich des Schienengüterverkehrs und im Vergleich der verkehrsmittelübergreifenden Emissionsfaktoren von Kurz- und Langstrecke.
Additional file 2 of Nintedanib and immunomodulatory therapies in progressive fibrosing interstitial lung diseases
Creators: name: Cottin, Vincent
name: Richeldi, Luca
name: Rosas, Ivan
name: Otaola, Maria
name: Song, Jin Woo
name: Tomassetti, Sara
name: Wijsenbeek, Marlies
name: Schmitz, Manuela
name: Coeck, Carl
name: Stowasser, Susanne
name: Rozsa Schlenker-Herceg
name: Kolb, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2: Appendix S2. Analysis of the annual rate of decline in FVC (mL/year).
Frequency Synchronization for Wireless Networks using Field Programmable Gate Arrays
Creators: name: Appel, Markus
name: Wermke, Felix
name: Winkler, Frank
name: Meffert, Beate
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Frequency measurement
subject: Clocks
subject: Receivers
subject: Field programmable gate arrays
subject: Frequency synthesizers
subject: Jitter
subject: Synchronization
subject: 004 Informatik

description: High-precision sensor networks and localization systems require precise time and frequency synchronization. In this paper, we present a novel high-precision frequency synchronization approach for wireless network devices. It adapts the local oscillator frequency of a receiver to the frequency of a transmitter and can be integrated into existing wireless communication systems. The measurement of frequency differences as well as the frequency adjustment is realized in Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). Using a 60 GHz wireless experimental setup, the receiver clock is aligned to the transmitter clock with a precision of 37 picoseconds.
The influence of material properties and process parameters on the spreading process in additive manufacturing
Creators: name: Shaheen, Mohamad Yousef
name: Thornton, Anthony R.
name: Luding, Stefan
name: Weinhart, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is an additive manufacturing (AM) technology. To achieve high product quality, the powder is best spread as a uniform, dense layer. The challenge for LPBF manufacturers is to develop a spreading process that can produce a consistent layer quality for the many powders used, which show considerable differences in spreadability. Therefore, we investigate the influence of material properties, process parameters and the type of spreading tool on the layer quality. The discrete particle method is used to simulate the spreading process and to define metrics to evaluate the powder layer characteristics. We found that particle shape and surface roughness in terms of rolling resistance and interparticle sliding friction as well as particle cohesion all have a major (sometimes surprising) influence on the powder layer quality: more irregular shaped particles, rougher particle surfaces and/or higher interfacial cohesion usually, but not always, lead to worse spreadability. Our findings illustrate that there is a trade-off between material properties and process parameters. Increasing the spreading speed decreases layer quality for non- and weakly cohesive powders, but improves it for strongly cohesive ones. Using a counter-clockwise rotating roller as a spreading tool improves the powder layer quality compared to spreading with a blade. Finally, for both geometries, a unique correlation between the quality criteria uniformity and mass fraction is reported and some of the findings are related to size-segregation during spreading.
description: 38 pages, 24 figures, 2 tables
A Moving Cluster Distance to the Exoplanet 2M1207 B in the TW Hya Association
Creators: name: Mamajek, Eric E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A candidate extrasolar planet companion to the young brown dwarf 2MASSW J1207334-393254 (2M1207) was recently discovered by Chauvin et al. They find that 2M1207 B's temperature and luminosity are consistent with being a young, \~5 M_Jupiter planet. The 2M1207 system is purported to be a member of the TW Hya association (TWA), and situated ~70 pc away. Using a revised space motion vector for TWA, and improved proper motion for 2M1207, I use the moving cluster method to estimate the distance to the 2M1207 system and other TWA members. The derived distance for 2M1207 (53+-6 pc) forces the brown dwarf and planet to be half as luminous as previously thought. The inferred masses for 2M 1207 A and B decrease to ~21 M_Jup and ~3-4 M_Jup, respectively, with the mass of B being well below the observed tip of the planetary mass function and the theoretical deuterium-burning limit. After removing probable Lower Centaurus-Crux (LCC) members from the TWA sample, as well as the probable non-member TWA 22, the remaining TWA members are found to have distances of 49 +- 3(s.e.m.) +- 12(1sigma) pc, and an internal 1D velocity dispersion of 0.8(+0.3,-0.2) km/s. There is weak evidence that the TWA is expanding, and the data are consistent with a lower limit on the expansion age of 10 Myr (95% confidence).
description: ApJ, in press
Baum, Wilhelm: Äthiopien und der Westen im Mittelalter
Creators: name: Scholz, Piotr O.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 88 (2004): Oriens christianus, Band 88
Towards Universal Topological Quantum Computation in the $ν=5/2$ Fractional Quantum Hall State
Creators: name: Freedman, Michael
name: Nayak, Chetan
name: Walker, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Pfaffian state, which may describe the quantized Hall plateau observed at Landau level filling fraction $ν= 5/2$, can support topologically-protected qubits with extremely low error rates. Braiding operations also allow perfect implementation of certain unitary transformations of these qubits. However, in the case of the Pfaffian state, this set of unitary operations is not quite sufficient for universal quantum computation (i.e. is not dense in the unitary group). If some topologically unprotected operations are also used, then the Pfaffian state supports universal quantum computation, albeit with some operations which require error correction. On the other hand, if certain topology-changing operations can be implemented, then fully topologically-protected universal quantum computation is possible. In order to accomplish this, it is necessary to measure the interference between quasiparticle trajectories which encircle other moving trajectories in a time-dependent Hall droplet geometry.
description: A related paper, cond-mat/0512072, explains the topological issues in greater detail. It may help the reader to look at this alternate presentation if confused about any point
Successful Transition towards a Virtuous Cycle of Human Development and Economic Growth: Country Studies
Creators: name: Ranis, Gustav
name: Stewart, Frances
name: Ranis, Gustav
name: Stewart, Frances
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: International Development
Labor and Human Capital

description: This paper explores the two-way links between Economic Growth and Human Development by examining the performance of some countries which have been successful in both dimensions and a few which have not. The specific aim is to examine the historical experience of six countries in order to determine how a system can move to a situation in which improvements in Human Development accompany and support higher rates of growth which, in turn, contribute to further improvements in Human Development as the basic societal objective.
Fehlende Geschlechtervielfalt in Führungspositionen und ihre Auswirkungen auf die Unternehmensleistung
Creators: name: Fischer, Ben
Publisher: name: Hochschule Bremen
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geschlechtervielfalt
subject: Führungsposition
subject: Unternehmensleistung
subject: 330

description: Im Rahmen der Arbeit ist das Ziel der vorliegenden Forschung herauszufinden, inwiefern sich das Fehlen von Geschlechtervielfalt in Führungspositionen auf die Unternehmensleistung auswirkt. Des Weiteren sollen gegenwärtige Herausforderungen identifiziert und geeignete Maßnahmen zur Überwindung dieser Herausforderungen erforscht werden. Abschließend soll die Forschung einen geeigneten Leitfaden entwickeln. Dieser soll die wichtigsten Maßnahmen für eine Implementierung von Geschlechtervielfalt in Unternehmen darstellen. Um den Zweck, einer erfolgreichen Implementierung sicherzustellen.
Dimits shift, avalanche-like bursts, and Solitary propagating structures in the two-field Flux-Balanced Hasegawa-Wakatani model for plasma edge turbulence
Creators: name: Qi, Di
name: Majda, Andrew J.
name: Cerfon, Antoine J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the recently introduced two-field flux-balanced Hasegawa-Wakatani (BHW) model captures the key features of drift-wave turbulent transport mediated by zonal flows observed in more complete and accurate gyrokinetic simulations, such as the existence of a nonlinear upshift of the threshold for drift wave turbulence driven transport, often called the Dimits shift, as well as non-local transport with avalanche bursts and solitary propagating structures. Because of the approximations made in the BHW model, these observations are made for the particle flux instead of the heat flux more commonly studied in ion temperature gradient (ITG) driven turbulence in fluid or gyrokinetic codes. Many of these features are not seen in other Hasegawa-Wakatani models, which confirms the critical role of the electron dynamics parallel to the magnetic field lines. To address questions regarding the role of boundary conditions on the drift-wave zonal flow dynamics, we apply our model to both a channel domain geometry and the more typical doubly periodic geometry. We only observe strong soliton-like solutions in the particle flux for the channel geometry, in the vicinity of the boundaries, where strong velocity shear and density gradients are generated which are absent in the doubly periodic simulations. Changing the aspect ratio of the simulation domain also has a significant effect. In domains which are elongated in the radial direction, more complex multiscale dynamics takes place, with multiple zonal jets interacting with each other, and large scale avalanches.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures