cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Propensity scores for confounder adjustment when assessing the effects of medical interventions using nonexperimental study designs
Creators: name: Stürmer, T.
name: Wyss, R.
name: Glynn, R. J.
name: Brookhart, M. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Treatment effects, especially when comparing two or more therapeutic alternatives as in comparative effectiveness research, are likely to be heterogeneous across age, gender, co-morbidities, and co-medications. Propensity scores (PSs), an alternative to multivariable outcome models to control for measured confounding, have specific advantages in the presence of heterogeneous treatment effects. Implementing PSs using matching or weighting allows us to estimate different overall treatment effects in differently defined populations. Heterogeneous treatment effects can also be due to unmeasured confounding concentrated in those treated contrary to prediction. Sensitivity analyses based on PSs can help to assess such unmeasured confounding. PSs should be considered a primary or secondary analytic strategy in non-experimental medical research, including pharmacoepidemiology and non-experimental comparative effectiveness research.
Evidence for a core gut microbiota in the zebrafish
Creators: name: Mittge, Erika K.
name: Rawls, John F.
name: Cavanaugh, Colleen M.
name: Guillemin, Karen
name: Parichy, David M.
name: Roeselers, Guus
name: Stephens, W. Zac
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Experimental analysis of gut microbial communities and their interactions with vertebrate hosts is conducted predominantly in domesticated animals that have been maintained in laboratory facilities for many generations. These animal models are useful for studying coevolved relationships between host and microbiota only if the microbial communities that occur in animals in lab facilities are representative of those that occur in nature. We performed 16S rRNA gene sequence-based comparisons of gut bacterial communities in zebrafish collected recently from their natural habitat and those reared for generations in lab facilities in different geographic locations. Patterns of gut microbiota structure in domesticated zebrafish varied across different lab facilities in correlation with historical connections between those facilities. However, gut microbiota membership in domesticated and recently caught zebrafish was strikingly similar, with a shared core gut microbiota. The zebrafish intestinal habitat therefore selects for specific bacterial taxa despite radical differences in host provenance and domestication status.
(4099) Gladys Esther Little
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Contact chains and bTB supplement from Effects of trading networks on the risk of bovine tuberculosis incidents on cattle farms in Great Britain
Creators: name: Fielding, Helen R.
name: McKinley, Trevelyan J.
name: Delahay, Richard J.
name: Silk, Matthew J.
name: McDonald, Robbie A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary methods and results
(4100) Douglas Little
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE GENUS CELLEPORINA GRAY 1848 (ECTOPROCTA, CHEILOSTOMATA) IN THE CANARIES AND A DESCRIPTION OF 3 NEW-SPECIES, CELLEPORINA-CANARIENSIS SP-N, CELLEPORINA-FRAGILIS SP-N AND CELLEPORINA-LABIATA SP-N
Creators: name: Ruiz, J. A.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1989

Abstract
Additional file 1 of Idealized simulations of tropical cyclones with thermodynamic conditions under reanalysis and CMIP5 scenarios
Creators: name: Chih, Cheng-Hsiang
name: Chou, Kun-Hsuan
name: Wu, Chun-Chieh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric Sciences
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Additional file 1. Additional figures and table.
Semiquantum key distribution with secure delegated quantum computation
Creators: name: Li, Qin
name: Chan, Wai Hong
name: Zhang, Shengyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiquantum key distribution allows a quantum party to share a random key with a "classical" party who only can prepare and measure qubits in the computational basis or reorder some qubits when he has access to a quantum channel. In this work, we present a protocol where a secret key can be established between a quantum user and an almost classical user who only needs the quantum ability to access quantum channels, by securely delegating quantum computation to a quantum server. We show the proposed protocol is robust even when the delegated quantum server is a powerful adversary, and is experimentally feasible with current technology. As one party of our protocol is the most quantum-resource efficient, it can be more practical and significantly widen the applicability scope of quantum key distribution.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Supplementary Material from Virulence-mediated infectiousness and activity trade-offs and their impact on transmission potential of influenza patients.
Creators: name: McKay, Brian
name: Ebell, Mark
name: Ariella Perry Dale
name: Shen, Ye
name: Handel, Andreas
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This document provides a link to the materials and steps required to reproduce the analysis as well as results that are not included in the main text.
Taming Friedrich-Wintgen interference in resonant metasurface: vortex laser emitting at on-demand tilted-angle
Creators: name: Mermet-Lyaudoz, Raphael
name: Symond, Clémentine
name: Berry, Florian
name: Drouard, Emmanuel
name: Chevalier, Céline
name: Trippé-Allard, Gaëlle
name: Deleporte, Emmanuelle
name: Bellessa, Joel
name: Seassal, Christian
name: Nguyen, Hai Son
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Friedrich-Wintgen (FW) interference is an atypical coupling mechanism that grants loss exchange between leaky resonances in non-Hermitian classical and quantum systems. Intriguingly, such an mechanism makes it possible for destructive interference scenario in which a radiating wave becomes a bound state in the continuum (BIC) by giving away all of its losses. Here we propose and demonstrate experimentally an original concept to tailor FW-BICs as polarization singularity at on-demand wavevectors in optical metasurface. As a proof-of-concept, using hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskite as active material, we empower this novel polarization singularity to obtain lasing emission exhibiting both highly directional emission at oblique angles and polarization vortex in momentum space. Our results pave the way to steerable coherent emission with tailored polarization pattern for applications in optical communication/manipulation in free-space, high-resolution imaging /focusing and data storage.
Photonic integrated beam delivery in a rubidium 3D magneto-optical trap
Creators: name: Isichenko, Andrei
name: Chauhan, Nitesh
name: Bose, Debapam
name: Wang, Jiawei
name: Kunz, Paul D.
name: Blumenthal, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cold atoms are important for precision atomic applications including timekeeping and sensing. The 3D magneto-optical trap (3D-MOT), used to produce cold atoms, will benefit from photonic integration to improve reliability and reduce size, weight, and cost. These traps require the delivery of multiple, large area, collimated laser beams to an atomic vacuum cell. Yet, to date, beam delivery using an integrated waveguide approach has remained elusive. We report the demonstration of a 87Rb 3D-MOT using a fiber-coupled photonic integrated circuit to deliver all beams to cool and trap > 1 x 10^6 atoms to near 200 μK. The silicon nitride photonic circuit transforms fiber-coupled 780 nm cooling and repump light via waveguides to three mm-width non-diverging free-space cooling and repump beams directly to the rubidium cell. This planar, CMOS foundry-compatible integrated beam delivery is compatible with other components, such as lasers and modulators, promising system-on-chip solutions for cold atom applications.
(4096) Arthur Burnett Little
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Orientation dynamics of two-dimensional concavo-convex bodies
Creators: name: Ravichandran, S.
name: Wettlaufer, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the orientation dynamics of two-dimensional concavo-convex solid bodies more dense than the fluid through which they fall under gravity. We show that the orientation dynamics of the body, quantified in terms of the angle $ϕ$ relative to the horizontal, undergoes a transcritical bifurcation at a Reynolds number $Re_{c}^{(1)}$, and a subcritical pitchfork bifurcation at a Reynolds number $Re_{c}^{(2)}$. For $ReRe_{c}^{(2)}$, the concave-downwards orientation of $ϕ=0$ is again unstable, and bodies that start concave-downwards exhibit overstable oscillations about the unstable fixed point, eventually tumbling into the stable $ϕ=π$ orientation. The $Re_{c}^{(2)}\approx15$ at which the subcritical pitchfork bifurcation occurs is distinct from the $Re$ for the onset of vortex shedding, which causes the $ϕ=π$ equilibrium to also become unstable, with bodies fluttering about $ϕ=π$. The complex orientation dynamics of irregularly shaped bodies evidenced here are relevant in a wide range of settings, from the tumbling of hydrometeors to settling of mollusk shells.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Metagenomics of the subsurface Brazos-Trinity Basin (IODP site 1320): comparison with other sediment and pyrosequenced metagenomes
Creators: name: White, James Robert
name: Teske, Andreas P.
name: House, Christopher H.
name: Biddle, Jennifer F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The Brazos-Trinity Basin on the slope of the Gulf of Mexico passive margin was drilled during Integrated Ocean Drilling Progam Expedition 308. The buried anaerobic sediments of this basin are largely organic-poor and have few microbial inhabitants compared with the organic-rich sediments with high cell counts from the Peru Margin that were drilled during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 201. Nucleic acids were extracted from Brazos-Trinity Basin sediments and were subjected to whole-genome amplification and pyrosequencing. A comparison of the Brazos-Trinity Basin metagenome, consisting of 105 Mbp, and the existing Peru Margin metagenome revealed trends linking gene content, phylogenetic content, geological location and geochemical regime. The major microbial groups (Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Euryarchaeota and Chloroflexi) occur consistently throughout all samples, yet their shifting abundances allow for discrimination between samples. The cluster of orthologous groups category abundances for some classes of genes are correlated with geochemical factors, such as the level of ammonia. Here we describe the sediment metagenome from the oligotrophic Brazos-Trinity Basin (Site 1320) and show similarities and differences with the dataset from the Pacific Peru Margin (Site 1229) and other pyrosequenced datasets. The microbial community found at Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Site 1320 likely represents the subsurface microbial inhabitants of turbiditic slopes that lack substantial upwelling.
Supplementary Material from Virulence-mediated infectiousness and activity trade-offs and their impact on transmission potential of influenza patients
Creators: name: McKay, Brian
name: Ebell, Mark
name: Ariella Perry Dale
name: Shen, Ye
name: Handel, Andreas
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This document provides a link to the materials and steps required to reproduce the analysis as well as results that are not included in the main text.
Thermophilic anaerobic oxidation of methane by marine microbial consortia
Creators: name: Teske, Andreas
name: Kellermann, Matthias Y.
name: Wegener, Gunter
name: Hinrichs, Kai Uwe
name: Amann, Rudolf
name: Boetius, Antje
name: Widdel, Friedrich
name: Knittel, Katrin
name: Holler, Thomas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) with sulfate controls the emission of the greenhouse gas methane from the ocean floor. AOM is performed by microbial consortia of archaea (ANME) associated with partners related to sulfate-reducing bacteria. In vitro enrichments of AOM were so far only successful at temperatures ⩽25 °C; however, energy gain for growth by AOM with sulfate is in principle also possible at higher temperatures. Sequences of 16S rRNA genes and core lipids characteristic for ANME as well as hints of in situ AOM activity were indeed reported for geothermally heated marine environments, yet no direct evidence for thermophilic growth of marine ANME consortia was obtained to date. To study possible thermophilic AOM, we investigated hydrothermally influenced sediment from the Guaymas Basin. In vitro incubations showed activity of sulfate-dependent methane oxidation between 5 and 70 °C with an apparent optimum between 45 and 60 °C. AOM was absent at temperatures ⩾75 °C. Long-term enrichment of AOM was fastest at 50 °C, yielding a 13-fold increase of methane-dependent sulfate reduction within 250 days, equivalent to an apparent doubling time of 68 days. The enrichments were dominated by novel ANME-1 consortia, mostly associated with bacterial partners of the deltaproteobacterial HotSeep-1 cluster, a deeply branching phylogenetic group previously found in a butane-amended 60 °C-enrichment culture of Guaymas sediments. The closest relatives (Desulfurella spp.; Hippea maritima) are moderately thermophilic sulfur reducers. Results indicate that AOM and ANME archaea could be of biogeochemical relevance not only in cold to moderate but also in hot marine habitats.
supplementary material for Reciprocity Creates Stake from Reciprocity creates a stake in one's partner, or why you should cooperate even when anonymous.
Creators: name: Barclay, Pat
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This file contains additional figures to supplement those in main text, including varying the model parameters, critical thresholds for invasion, and a variation of the model as a robustness check
Bernstein type inequality for a class of dependent random matrices
Creators: name: Banna, Marwa
name: Merlevède, Florence
name: Youssef, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we obtain a Bernstein type inequality for the sum of self-adjoint centered and geometrically absolutely regular random matrices with bounded largest eigenvalue. This inequality can be viewed as an extension to the matrix setting of the Bernstein-type inequality obtained by Merlevède et al. (2009) in the context of real-valued bounded random variables that are geometrically absolutely regular. The proofs rely on decoupling the Laplace transform of a sum on a Cantor-like set of random matrices.
description: 22 pages
A new approach to wall modeling in LES of incompressible flow via function enrichment
Creators: name: Krank, Benjamin
name: Wall, Wolfgang A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A novel approach to wall modeling for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations including flows of moderate and large Reynolds numbers is presented. The basic idea is that a problem-tailored function space allows prediction of turbulent boundary layer gradients with very coarse meshes. The proposed function space consists of a standard polynomial function space plus an enrichment, which is constructed using Spalding's law-of-the-wall. The enrichment function is not enforced but "allowed" in a consistent way and the overall methodology is much more general and also enables other enrichment functions. The proposed method is closely related to detached-eddy simulation as near-wall turbulence is modeled statistically and large eddies are resolved in the bulk flow. Interpreted in terms of a three-scale separation within the variational multiscale method, the standard scale resolves large eddies and the enrichment scale represents boundary layer turbulence in an averaged sense. The potential of the scheme is shown applying it to turbulent channel flow of friction Reynolds numbers from $Re_τ=590$ and up to $5,000$, flow over periodic constrictions at the Reynolds numbers $Re_H=10,595$ and $19,000$ as well as backward-facing step flow at $Re_h=5,000$, all with extremely coarse meshes. Excellent agreement with experimental and DNS data is observed with the first grid point located at up to $y_1^+=500$ and especially under adverse pressure gradients as well as in separated flows.
description: 26 pages
(4097) Mabel Denham Little
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Dynamical error bounds for continuum discretisation via Gauss quadrature rules, -- a Lieb-Robinson bound approach
Creators: name: Woods, Mischa P.
name: Plenio, Martin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Instances of discrete quantum systems coupled to a continuum of oscillators are ubiquitous in physics. Often the continua are approximated by a discrete set of modes. We derive analytical error bounds on expectation values of system observables that have been time evolved under such discretised Hamiltonians. These bounds take on the form of a function of time and the number of discrete modes, where the discrete modes are chosen according to Gauss quadrature rules. The derivation makes use of tools from the field of Lieb-Robinson bounds and the theory of orthonormal polynominals.
description: 12 pages + 14 pages of proofs and appendices, Journal of Mathematical Physics, Vol.57, Issue 2 (2016) http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/jmp/57/2/10.1063/1.4940436
Real zeros of mixed random fewnomial systems
Creators: name: Bürgisser, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60D05, 14P99

description: Consider a system $f_1(x)=0,\ldots,f_n(x)=0$ of $n$ random real polynomials in $n$ variables, where each $f_i$ has a prescribed set of exponent vectors described by a set $A_i \subseteq \mathbb{Z}^n$ of cardinality $t_i$, whose convex hull is denoted $P_i$. Assuming that the coefficients of the $f_i$ are independent standard Gaussian, we prove that the expected number of zeros of the random system in the positive orthant is at most $(2π)^{-\frac{n}{2}} V_0 (t_1-1)\ldots (t_n-1)$. Here $V_0$ denotes the number of vertices of the Minkowski sum $P_1+\ldots + P_n$. However, this bound does not improve over the bound in Bürgisser et al. (SIAM J. Appl. Algebra Geom. 3(4), 2019) for the unmixed case, where all supports $A_i$ are equal. All arguments equally work for real exponent vectors.
description: 10 pages. Fixed an error in the interpretation of the old Theorem 1.3, which was hence downgraded to Proposition 1.3. Added a reference, put some minor clarifications and fixed some typos. Converted to ACM two column style
Caractérisation des communautés bactériennes épiphytes de frondes de Laminaria digitata et de débris résultant de leur fragmentation
Creators: name: CORRE, Sophie
name: PRIEUR, Daniel
name: CHAMROUX, Simone
name: FLOC'H, Jean-Yves
name: HOURMANT, Annick
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1989

description: Algal samples from different parts of the frond of Laminaria digitata (young, adult and aged tissues) and from macroscopic fragments naturally separated from the thallus were collected on the Atlantic coast of France (Brittany) during winter and spring. Bacterial communities associated with the different levels were compared and ATP content determined, as an indicator of the physiological state of the tissues. It is higher in the young tissues (55 nmoles g ff.w.) than in fragments (9 nmoles g1 f.w.), showing a decrease of metabolically active cell number. Bacterial density (3,6 x 107 bacteria cm 2 in average on fragments), metabolic activity (Ima = 7,14 on fragments) and specific diversity (E = 0,57 on fragments) were higher on deteriorated tissues (aged and fragments) than on healthy tissues (young and adult) (young tissue : 2,8 x 107 bacteria cnr2 , Ima = 2,05, E = 0,06). These observations have been correlated to the progression of stipofrondal new tissue along the frond. Bacterial colonization on deteriorated tissues may be due to a leakage of dissolved organic compounds during erosion of the distal part of the frond ; on the other hand, the colonization of healthy surfaces could depend on algal physiology (production of tissue and seasonal variations of mucilage specific compounds).
IMPACT OF ORGANIC CONTAMINATION IN THE ENSENADA-DE-LOURIZAN, NW SPAIN (PROJECT ESCORP) .1. THE PHYSICAL-ENVIRONMENT AND BENTHIC MACROFAUNA
Creators: name: Mora, J.
name: Planas, M.
name: Silva, R.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1989

Abstract
Anaerobic oxidation of methane at different temperature regimes in Guaymas Basin hydrothermal sediments
Creators: name: Cardman, Zena
name: Albert, Daniel B.
name: Mendlovitz, Howard
name: Boetius, Antje
name: Teske, Andreas
name: Biddle, Jennifer F.
name: Lloyd, Karen G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) was investigated in hydrothermal sediments of Guaymas Basin based on δ13C signatures of CH4, dissolved inorganic carbon and porewater concentration profiles of CH4 and sulfate. Cool, warm and hot in-situ temperature regimes (15–20 °C, 30–35 °C and 70–95 °C) were selected from hydrothermal locations in Guaymas Basin to compare AOM geochemistry and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), mcrA and dsrAB genes of the microbial communities. 16S rRNA gene clone libraries from the cool and hot AOM cores yielded similar archaeal types such as Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group, Thermoproteales and anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea (ANME)-1; some of the ANME-1 archaea formed a separate 16S rRNA lineage that at present seems to be limited to Guaymas Basin. Congruent results were obtained by mcrA gene analysis. The warm AOM core, chemically distinct by lower porewater sulfide concentrations, hosted a different archaeal community dominated by the two deep subsurface archaeal lineages Marine Benthic Group D and Marine Benthic Group B, and by members of the Methanosarcinales including ANME-2 archaea. This distinct composition of the methane-cycling archaeal community in the warm AOM core was confirmed by mcrA gene analysis. Functional genes of sulfate-reducing bacteria and archaea, dsrAB, showed more overlap between all cores, regardless of the core temperature. 16S rRNA gene clone libraries with Euryarchaeota-specific primers detected members of the Archaeoglobus clade in the cool and hot cores. A V6-tag high-throughput sequencing survey generally supported the clone library results while providing high-resolution detail on archaeal and bacterial community structure. These results indicate that AOM and the responsible archaeal communities persist over a wide temperature range.
Trawl gearselectivity on the deep-waterrose shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris, Lucas, 1846) in the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea (central Mediterranean)
Creators: name: RINELLI, Paola
name: GIORDANO1, Daniela
name: PERDICHIZZI, Francesco
name: GRECO, Silvestro
name: RAGONESE, Sergio
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2005

description: The deep water rose shrimp, Parapenaeus longirostris (Lucas, 1846), is one of the main target species of the
 Italian and Mediterranean demersal fisheries. In the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea, it represents one of the most valuable species
 for fishery markets. The exploitation pattern for this shrimp in the Southern Tyrrhenian area, however, has not been defined
 within a management plan; for example, according to the administrative autonomy of Sicily concerning fisheries regula-
 tions, fishermen have been allowed to mount a very fine diamond mesh size in the cod-end (31-36 mm stretched) in the
 past. Nowadays, Sicily is going to conform to the European Union legislation requirement of a minimum stretched mesh
 size of 40 mm in the cod-end of the trawl net, but no study has been performed to assess the selectivity performance of the
 rose shrimp fishery in the investigated area. The aim of this paper is to contribute to the exploitation control of this impor-
 tant resource, by analysing the used trawl gear cod-end selectivity, an important tool for the management of the commer-
 cial demersal resources. A selectivity experiment, using the "covered cod-end technique", was carried out in the Southern
 Tyrrhenian Sea. Fifty-four hauls were carried out between 10 and 800 m of depth from a commercial vessel equipped with
 the "Italian Tartana" commonly used for both commercial fishery and experimental survey in this Mediterranean area. 36
 and 20 mm diamond (stretched) mesh size were mounted in the cod-end and a cover respectively. On the basis of shrimp
 carapace length structure, observed both in cod-end and cover, a logistic model was used in order to estimate the retention
 length at 50%, the selection factor and the selection range. The selection process showed to be highly affected by the bot-
 tom location, in the shelf and in the slope. In any case, present selection performance seems to be inadequate for a sustaina-
 ble and efficient exploitation of the resources. However, The selection parameters obtained we
supplementary material for Reciprocity Creates Stake from Reciprocity creates a stake in one's partner, or why you should cooperate even when anonymous
Creators: name: Barclay, Pat
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This file contains additional figures to supplement those in main text, including varying the model parameters, critical thresholds for invasion, and a variation of the model as a robustness check
(4094) Norman Dugald Little
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Multiclass Semantic Segmentation to Identify Anatomical Sub-Regions of Brain and Measure Neuronal Health in Parkinson's Disease
Creators: name: Barzekar, Hosein
name: Ngu, Hai
name: Lin, Han Hui
name: Hejrati, Mohsen
name: Valdespino, Steven Ray
name: Chu, Sarah
name: Bingol, Baris
name: Hashemifar, Somaye
name: Ghosh, Soumitra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automated segmentation of anatomical sub-regions with high precision has become a necessity to enable the quantification and characterization of cells/ tissues in histology images. Currently, a machine learning model to analyze sub-anatomical regions of the brain to analyze 2D histological images is not available. The scientists rely on manually segmenting anatomical sub-regions of the brain which is extremely time-consuming and prone to labeler-dependent bias. One of the major challenges in accomplishing such a task is the lack of high-quality annotated images that can be used to train a generic artificial intelligence model. In this study, we employed a UNet-based architecture, compared model performance with various combinations of encoders, image sizes, and sample selection techniques. Additionally, to increase the sample set we resorted to data augmentation which provided data diversity and robust learning. In this study, we trained our best fit model on approximately one thousand annotated 2D brain images stained with Nissl/ Haematoxylin and Tyrosine Hydroxylase enzyme (TH, indicator of dopaminergic neuron viability). The dataset comprises of different animal studies enabling the model to be trained on different datasets. The model effectively is able to detect two sub-regions compacta (SNCD) and reticulata (SNr) in all the images. In spite of limited training data, our best model achieves a mean intersection over union (IOU) of 79% and a mean dice coefficient of 87%. In conclusion, the UNet-based model with EffiecientNet as an encoder outperforms all other encoders, resulting in a first of its kind robust model for multiclass segmentation of sub-brain regions in 2D images.
SUR LA COMPOSITION MINÉRALE DU LIQUIDE PÊRIEMBRYONNAIRE DE L'OEUF DE SEPIA OFFICINALIS L.
Creators: name: DE LEERSNYDER, M.
name: LEMAIRE, J.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1972

description: Fluid around the embryo of Sepia officinalis is slightly hypertonic to sea water with all ions at a rate higher than they have in sea water.
(4095) Horace Fitzroy Little
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
DJ-1 and SOD1 Act Independently in the Protection against Anoxia in Drosophila melanogaster.
Creators: name: De Lazzari, Federica
name: Agostini, Francesco
name: Doni, Davide
name: Malacrida, Sandro
name: Zordan, Mauro A
name: Costantini, Paola
name: Bubacco, Luigi
name: Sandrelli, Federica
name: Bisaglia, Marco
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
DJ-1
Drosophila melanogaster
Parkinson’s disease
SOD1

description: Redox homeostasis is a vital process the maintenance of which is assured by the presence of numerous antioxidant small molecules and enzymes and the alteration of which is involved in many pathologies, including several neurodegenerative disorders. Among the different enzymes involved in the antioxidant response, SOD1 and DJ-1 have both been associated with the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Parkinson's disease, suggesting a possible interplay in their mechanism of action. Copper deficiency in the SOD1-active site has been proposed as a central determinant in SOD1-related neurodegeneration. SOD1 maturation mainly relies on the presence of the protein copper chaperone for SOD1 (CCS), but a CCS-independent alternative pathway also exists and functions under anaerobic conditions. To explore the possible involvement of DJ-1 in such a pathway in vivo, we exposed Drosophila melanogaster to anoxia and evaluated the effect of DJ-1 on fly survival and SOD1 levels, in the presence or absence of CCS. Loss of DJ-1 negatively affects the fly response to the anoxic treatment, but our data indicate that the protective activity of DJ-1 is independent of SOD1 in Drosophila, indicating that the two proteins may act in different pathways.
Nothrìa maremontana, a new onuphid species off the Portuguese coast
Creators: name: ANDRÉ, Carl
name: PLEIJEL, Fredrik
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1989

description: Nothrìa maremontana sp. nov. is described. Three specimens were collected at 250-450 m depth on sea mounts off the coast of Portugal. It appears most closely related to N. britannica (McIntosh, 1903) and N. occidentalis Fauchald, 1968.
Archaea of the Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group are abundant, diverse and widespread in marine sediments
Creators: name: F Biddle, Jennifer
name: Lloyd, Karen G.
name: Teske, Andreas
name: Amann, Rudolf
name: Kubo, Kyoko
name: Knittel, Katrin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Members of the highly diverse Miscellaneous Crenarchaeotal Group (MCG) are globally distributed in various marine and continental habitats. In this study, we applied a polyphasic approach (rRNA slot blot hybridization, quantitative PCR (qPCR) and catalyzed reporter deposition FISH) using newly developed probes and primers for the in situ detection and quantification of MCG crenarchaeota in diverse types of marine sediments and microbial mats. In general, abundance of MCG (cocci, 0.4 μm) relative to other archaea was highest (12–100%) in anoxic, low-energy environments characterized by deeper sulfate depletion and lower microbial respiration rates (P=0.06 for slot blot and P=0.05 for qPCR). When studied in high depth resolution in the White Oak River estuary and Hydrate Ridge methane seeps, changes in MCG abundance relative to total archaea and MCG phylogenetic composition did not correlate with changes in sulfate reduction or methane oxidation with depth. In addition, MCG abundance did not vary significantly (P>0.1) between seep sites (with high rates of methanotrophy) and non-seep sites (with low rates of methanotrophy). This suggests that MCG are likely not methanotrophs. MCG crenarchaeota are highly diverse and contain 17 subgroups, with a range of intragroup similarity of 82 to 94%. This high diversity and widespread distribution in subsurface sediments indicates that this group is globally important in sedimentary processes.
(4090) Leonara Jessie Little
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(4091) Maud Marion Little
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
First and additional records of alien crustacean decapods in the Aegean Sea, Turkey
Creators: name: ATEŞ, Celal
name: ÇELİK, Murat
name: CERİM, Hasan
name: YAPICI, Sercan
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2016

description: The present paper includes report of the three alien decapod crustaceans collected from surveys performed on Gökova Bay, Turkey, southern Aegean Sea. Two of which, alien penaeid shrimps, Farfantepenaeus aztecus and Trachysalambria curvirostris, are here reported for the first time while a xanthid species, Atergatis roseus, is reported for the second time from the Turkish coast of the Aegean Sea. The findings show that their distributions are expanding northwards, along the Anatolian coasts of the Aegean Sea, approaching the colonization of the whole south basin.
All-optical bandwidth-tailorable radar
Creators: name: Zou, Weiwen
name: Zhang, Hao
name: Long, Xin
name: Zhang, Siteng
name: Cui, Yuanjun
name: Chen, Jianping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radar has been widely used in military, security, and rescue. Metamaterial cloak is employed in stealth targets to evade radar detection. Hence modern radar should be reconfigurable at multi-bands for detecting stealth targets, which might be realized based on microwave photonics. Here, we demonstrate an all-optical bandwidth-tailorable radar architecture. It is a coherent system utilizing one mode-locked laser for both signal generation and reception. Heterodyning of two individually filtered optical pulses that are pre-chirped via wavelength-to-time mapping generates wideband linearly-chirped radar signal. The working bands can be flexibly tailored with desired bandwidth at user-preferred carrier frequency. After modulated onto the pre-chirped optical pulse, radar echoes are time-stretched and frequency-compressed by several times. The digitization becomes much easier without loss of detection ability. We believe that the demonstration can innovate the radar's architecture with ultra-high range resolution.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Data tables from Managing fisheries in a world with more sea turtles.
Creators: name: Putman, Nathan F.
name: Hawkins, Jesse
name: Gallaway, Benny J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Tables of managment actions, fishery effort, harvest, sea turtle bycatch, and indices of sea turtle abundance.
(4092) Grace Lilias Little
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
PP Smoothing Process Using Green Solvents
Creators: name: Rybalcenko, Konstantin
name: Nedolisa, Chinemelum
Publisher: name: Transactions on Additive Manufacturing Meets Medicine
Year: 2023

description: Novel surface treatment for Additively Manufactured Polypropylene parts is presented in this work for potential uses in medical applications. The method uses green sustainable solvent to smooth, seal and remove semi-sintered powder particles from the surface. The new surface smoothing with given solvent produces parts that can be used in medical applications. Optical microscope images of the smoothed part showed disappearance of the semi-sintered powder particles and surface pores, which were largely visible on the unprocessed part. The smoothed PP parts were seen to have better performance properties, both mechanically and aesthetically. Cytotoxicity results showed that the smoothed PP parts have no cytotoxic effect.
description: Transactions on Additive Manufacturing Meets Medicine, Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): Trans. AMMM
Probing Charged Higgs Boson Couplings at the FCC-hh Collider
Creators: name: Cakir, I. T.
name: Kuday, S.
name: Saygin, H.
name: Senol, A.
name: Cakir, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many of the new physics models predicts a light Higgs boson similar to the Higgs boson of the Standard Model (SM) and also extra scalar bosons. Beyond the search channels for a SM Higgs boson, the future collider experiments will explore additional channels that are specific to extended Higgs sectors. We study the charged Higgs boson production within the framework of two Higgs doublet models (THDM) in the proton-proton collisions at the FCC-hh collider. With an integrated luminosity of 500 fb$^{-1}$ at very high energy frontier, we obtain a significant coverage of the parameter space and distinguish the charged Higgs-top-bottom interaction within the THDM or other new physics models with charged Higgs boson mass up to 1 TeV.
description: 22 pages, 26 figures, 6 tables
(4093) Herbert Perry Little
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.