cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Compactness properties of weighted summation operators on trees - the critical case
Creators: name: Lifshits, Mikhail
name: Linde, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47B06 (primary), 06A06, 05C05 (secondary)

description: The aim of this paper is to provide upper bounds for the entropy numbers of summation operators on trees in a critical case. In a recent paper [10] we elaborated a framework of weighted summation operators on general trees where we related the entropy of the operator with those of the underlying tree equipped with an appropriate metric. However, the results were left incomplete in a critical case of the entropy behavior, because this case requires much more involved techniques. In the present article we fill the gap left open in [10]. To this end we develop a method, working in the context of general trees and general weighted summation operators, which was recently proposed in [9] for a particular critical operator on the binary tree. Those problems appeared in natural way during the study of compactness properties of certain Volterra integral operators in a critical case.
title: The Impacts of Minimum Wage Increases on the Canadian Economy
Creators: name: Brouillette, Dany
name: Gao, Daniel
name: Gervais, Olivier
name: Cheung, Calista
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2017

description: This note reviews the channels through which scheduled minimum wage increases over the coming years may affect Canadian economic activity and inflation and assesses their macroeconomic impacts. From reduced-form estimates of direct minimum wage pass-through, we find that consumer price index (CPI) inflation could be boosted by about 0.1 percentage point (pp) on average in 2018. A structural general equilibrium simulation suggests that minimum wage increases would reduce the level of gross domestic product by roughly 0.1 per cent by early 2019 and boost CPI inflation by about 0.1 pp. While the net impact on labour income would be positive, employment would fall by 60,000—a number that lies in the lower part of a range obtained from an accounting exercise (30,000 to 140,000). Consumption would decline because higher inflation would elicit a slight interest rate increase, which would more than offset the higher labour income. Potential output should remain unchanged in the short run. Longer-term effects are possible through automation, productivity gains or participation in the labour force, but the signs of these longer-term effects are ambiguous.
description: Dans cette note, nous examinons les canaux par lesquels les hausses du salaire minimum prévues dans les années à venir pourraient influer sur l’activité économique et l’inflation au Canada, et nous évaluons l’incidence macroéconomique de ces augmentations. À partir d’estimations de la transmission directe des variations du salaire minimum dans un modèle de forme réduite, nous constatons que l’inflation mesurée par l’indice des prix à la consommation (IPC) pourrait progresser d’environ 0,1 point de pourcentage en moyenne en 2018. Selon une simulation réalisée dans un modèle d’équilibre général de forme structurelle, les hausses du salaire minimum sont susceptibles de retrancher environ 0,1 % du niveau du produit intérieur brut (PIB) d’ici le début de 2019, et de faire augmenter d’environ 0,1 point de pourcentage l’inflation mesurée par l’IPC. L’incidence nette sur le revenu du travail serait positive, mais il en résulterait une perte de 60 000 emplois, un nombre qui s’inscrit dans le bas d’une fourchette obtenue dans le cadre d’un exercice comptable (de 30 000 à 140 000). La consommation diminuerait parce qu’une montée de l’inflation se traduirait par une légère hausse du taux d’intérêt, ce qui contrebalancerait amplement l’augmentation du revenu du travail. La production potentielle devrait rester inchangée à court terme. Les hausses du salaire minimum pourraient avoir des effets à long terme du fait de l’automatisation, des gains de productivité ou de l’évolution du taux d’activité, mais ces effets peuvent être aussi bien positifs que négatifs.
50 Years of Neutrino Physics
Creators: name: Zralek, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some important topics from history of neutrino physics over the last fifty years are discussed. History of neutrinos is older, at 4th December 2010 it will be eightieth anniversary of the "neutrino birth". In that day W. Pauli wrote the famous letter to participants of the physics conference at Tubingen with the suggestion that "there could exist in the nuclei electrically neutral particle". We will concentrate mostly on the 50 years of neutrino history just to show the long tradition of the Zakopane Theoretical School.
description: 23 pages, Lecture presented at the L Cracow School of Theoretical Physics "Particle Physics at the Dawn of the LHC", Zakopane, Poland, June 9-19, 2010
title: Can the Business Outlook Survey Help Improve Estimates of the Canadian Output Gap?
Creators: name: Cheung, Calista
name: Frymire, Luke
name: Pichette, Lise
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2020

description: We investigate whether questions in the Bank of Canada’s Business Outlook Survey can provide useful signals for the output gap.

description: Nous cherchons à savoir si les questions de l’enquête sur les perspectives des entreprises menée par la Banque du Canada peuvent fournir des signaux utiles pour estimer l’écart de production.
Evidence of a new low field cross-over in the vortex critical velocity of type-II superconducting thin films
Creators: name: Grimaldi, G.
name: Leo, A.
name: Zola, D.
name: Nigro, A.
name: Pace, S.
name: Laviano, F.
name: Mezzetti, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure current-voltage characteristics as function of magnetic field and temperature in Nb strips of different thickness and width. The instability voltage of the flux flow state related to the vortex critical velocity v* is studied and compared with the Larkin-Ovchinnikov theory. Beside the usual power-law dependence v* ~ B^-1/2, in the low field range a new cross-over field, Bcr1, is observed below which v* decreases by further lowering the external magnetic field B. We ascribe this unexpected cross-over to vortex channeling due to a fan-like penetration of the applied magnetic field as confirmed by magneto-optic imaging. The observation of Bcr1 becomes a direct evidence of a general feature in type-II superconducting films at low fields, that is a channel-like vortex motion induced by the inhomogeneous magnetic state caused by the relatively strong pinning.
The preclinical inhibitor GS441524 in combination with GC376 efficaciously inhibited the proliferation of SARS-CoV-2 in the mouse respiratory tract
Creators: name: Shi, Yuejun
name: Shuai, Lei
name: Wen, Zhiyuan
name: Wang, Chong
name: Yan, Yuanyuan
name: Jiao, Zhe
name: Guo, Fenglin
name: Fu, Zhen F.
name: Chen, Huanchun
name: Bu, Zhigao
name: Peng, Guiqing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: The unprecedented coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a serious threat to global public health. Development of effective therapies against SARS-CoV-2 is urgently needed. Here, we evaluated the antiviral activity of a remdesivir parent nucleotide analog, GS441524, which targets the coronavirus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase enzyme, and a feline coronavirus prodrug, GC376, which targets its main protease, using a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 infected mouse model. Our results showed that GS441524 effectively blocked the proliferation of SARS-CoV-2 in the mouse upper and lower respiratory tracts via combined intranasal (i.n.) and intramuscular (i.m.) treatment. However, the ability of high-dose GC376 (i.m. or i.n. and i.m.) was weaker than GS441524. Notably, low-dose combined application of GS441524 with GC376 could effectively protect mice against SARS-CoV-2 infection via i.n. or i.n. and i.m. treatment. Moreover, we found that the pharmacokinetic properties of GS441524 is better than GC376, and combined application of GC376 and GS441524 had a synergistic effect. Our findings support the further evaluation of the combined application of GC376 and GS441524 in future clinical studies.
Microbial communities in field-based biological reactors treating mining-influenced water
Creators: name: Rezadehbashi, Maryam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Metals, sulfate, nitrate and ammonia are the main chemical constituents of mining-influenced water (MIW). Biological reactors are attractive for low-cost treatment of MIW. But their successful performance relies on having microbial consortia with the metabolic potential to remove the contaminants of concern. This study undertook to explore the microbial communities in two types of field-based systems that successfully treat MIW: Semi-passive biochemical reactors (BCR) removing metals and sulfate; Active biological reactors removing ammonia and nitrate in the presence of metals. Pyrotag sequencing of 16S rRNA genes was performed for 80 samples from four BCRs. Although they were located at different mine sites, the BCRs shared several taxonomic groups. Sulfate-reducing microorganisms (SRM) were restricted to Deltaproteobacteria and only a few Clostridium genera. Core SRM were specialized, often poorly characterized genera, also prevalent at other metal-contaminated sites. The BCRs were populated by both acetate-consuming SRM and methanogens. SRM were more prevalent in some BCRs than methanogens, which are potential competitors. The structure of the microbial community in a BCR containing pulp and paper biosolids as carbon source was different from that in the other BCRs. Network analysis revealed that the putative keystone microorganisms in this BCR were phylogenetically different from those in the other BCRs. According to correlation analysis of these keystone microorganisms, a hypothetical model proposed that keystone microorganisms in BCR3 employ different mechanisms (antagonistic) than keystones in the other BCRs to regulate the structure of microbial community. The microbial communities within mine nitrogen-removing bioreactors shared several taxonomic groups with those in non-mine related nitrogen-removing facilities. The mine system selected for archaeal (rather than bacterial) ammonia oxidizer and denitrifying populations. The denitrifying population was enriched and a metagenomic study revealed genes encoding enzymes involved in metal metabolism (e.g. arsenite oxidation, mercury reduction) that were related to denitrifiers such as Rhodobacter sp., Thiobacillus sp., Burkholderia sp., Methylotenera sp., and Variovorax sp. Sequences related to taxa capable of aerobic denitrification, autotrophic denitrification, nitrifier denitrification, and anammox were found. The microbiology of the influent water had a significant impact on the microbial composition of the nitrogen-removing bioreactors.
Eccentric connectivity index
Creators: name: Ilić, Aleksandar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The eccentric connectivity index $ξ^c$ is a novel distance--based molecular structure descriptor that was recently used for mathematical modeling of biological activities of diverse nature. It is defined as $ξ^c (G) = \sum_{v \in V (G)} deg (v) \cdot ε(v)$\,, where $deg (v)$ and $ε(v)$ denote the vertex degree and eccentricity of $v$\,, respectively. We survey some mathematical properties of this index and furthermore support the use of eccentric connectivity index as topological structure descriptor. We present the extremal trees and unicyclic graphs with maximum and minimum eccentric connectivity index subject to the certain graph constraints. Sharp lower and asymptotic upper bound for all graphs are given and various connections with other important graph invariants are established. In addition, we present explicit formulae for the values of eccentric connectivity index for several families of composite graphs and designed a linear algorithm for calculating the eccentric connectivity index of trees. Some open problems and related indices for further study are also listed.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures
GS-Net: Global Self-Attention Guided CNN for Multi-Stage Glaucoma Classification
Creators: name: Das, Dipankar
name: Nayak, Deepak Ranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Glaucoma is a common eye disease that leads to irreversible blindness unless timely detected. Hence, glaucoma detection at an early stage is of utmost importance for a better treatment plan and ultimately saving the vision. The recent literature has shown the prominence of CNN-based methods to detect glaucoma from retinal fundus images. However, such methods mainly focus on solving binary classification tasks and have not been thoroughly explored for the detection of different glaucoma stages, which is relatively challenging due to minute lesion size variations and high inter-class similarities. This paper proposes a global self-attention based network called GS-Net for efficient multi-stage glaucoma classification. We introduce a global self-attention module (GSAM) consisting of two parallel attention modules, a channel attention module (CAM) and a spatial attention module (SAM), to learn global feature dependencies across channel and spatial dimensions. The GSAM encourages extracting more discriminative and class-specific features from the fundus images. The experimental results on a publicly available dataset demonstrate that our GS-Net outperforms state-of-the-art methods. Also, the GSAM achieves competitive performance against popular attention modules.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Phase diagram of hot quark matter under magnetic field
Creators: name: Ruggieri, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk, I review the computation of the phase diagram of hot quark matter in strong magnetic field, at zero baryon density, within an effective model of Quantum Chromodynamics.
description: 5 pages; 2 figures. Talk given at "QCD@Work2010", 2010 June 20-23, Martina Franca, Italy
Existence and Non-existence of Fisher-KPP Transition Fronts
Creators: name: Nolen, James
name: Roquejoffre, Jean-Michel
name: Ryzhik, Lenya
name: Zlatos, Andrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider Fisher-KPP-type reaction-diffusion equations with spatially inhomogeneous reaction rates. We show that a sufficiently strong localized inhomogeneity may prevent existence of transition-front-type global in time solutions while creating a global in time bump-like solution. This is the first example of a medium in which no reaction-diffusion transition front exists. A weaker localized inhomogeneity leads to existence of transition fronts but only in a finite range of speeds. These results are in contrast with both Fisher-KPP reactions in homogeneous media as well as ignition-type reactions in inhomogeneous media.
Confirmation of the VeLLO L1148-IRS: Star Formation at very low (Column) Density
Creators: name: Kauffmann, J.
name: Bertoldi, F.
name: Bourke, T. L.
name: Myers, P. C.
name: Lee, C. W.
name: Huard, T. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of a compact (of order 5 arcsec; about 1800 AU projected size) CO outflow from L1148-IRS. This confirms that this Spitzer source is physically associated with the nearby (about 325 pc) L1148 dense core. Radiative transfer modeling suggests an internal luminosity of 0.08 to 0.13 L_sun. This validates L1148-IRS as a Very Low Luminosity Object (VeLLO; L < 0.1 L_sun). The L1148 dense core has unusually low densities and column densities for a star-forming core. It is difficult to understand how L1148-IRS might have formed under these conditions. Independent of the exact final mass of this VeLLO (which is likely < 0.24 M_sun), L1148-IRS and similar VeLLOs might hold some clues about the isolated formation of brown dwarfs.
description: accepted to MNRAS; Figure 1 degraded to permit submission
Real-time Analysis and Selection Biases in the Supernova Legacy Survey
Creators: name: Perrett, K.
name: Balam, D.
name: Sullivan, M.
name: Pritchet, C.
name: Conley, A.
name: Carlberg, R.
name: Astier, P.
name: Balland, C.
name: Basa, S.
name: Fouchez, D.
name: Guy, J.
name: Hardin, D.
name: Hook, I. M.
name: Howell, D. A.
name: Pain, R.
name: Regnault, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Supernova Legacy Survey (SNLS) has produced a high-quality, homogeneous sample of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) out to redshifts greater than z=1. In its first four years of full operation (to June 2007), the SNLS discovered more than 3000 transient candidates, 373 of which have been confirmed spectroscopically as SNe Ia. Use of these SNe Ia in precision cosmology critically depends on an analysis of the observational biases incurred in the SNLS survey due to the incomplete sampling of the underlying SN Ia population. This paper describes our real-time supernova detection and analysis procedures, and uses detailed Monte Carlo simulations to examine the effects of Malmquist bias and spectroscopic sampling. Such sampling effects are found to become apparent at z~0.6, with a significant shift in the average magnitude of the spectroscopically confirmed SN Ia sample towards brighter values for z>0.75. We describe our approach to correct for these selection biases in our three-year SNLS cosmological analysis (SNLS3), and present a breakdown of the systematic uncertainties involved.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ
Role of age-sex as underlying risk factors for death in acute pesticide self-poisoning: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Noghrehchi, Firouzeh
name: Dawson, Andrew H.
name: Raubenheimer, Jacques E.
name: Buckley, Nicholas A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: There is growing evidence in the literature that patients’ age is associated with increased risk of death in acute pesticide poisoning. However, few studies have investigated whether the age effect differs between males and females. We aimed to examine the association between age-sex and risk of death in acute pesticide self-poisoning. A prospective cohort of deliberate pesticide-poisoned patients admitted to ten rural Sri Lankan hospitals between March 2002 and December 2019. The pesticide ingested was identified based on identification of container or history. A mixed effects logistic regression was fitted to investigate the effect of age-sex on death in acute pesticide self-poisoning adjusting for clinical symptoms on admission, measured by Glasgow Coma Scale and Poison Severity Score, and controlling for clustering among hospital sites. In total, 201 different pesticides were ingested by patients. 6,643 patients ingested an unknown pesticide. A single pesticide was co-ingested with alcohol by 4,603 patients. Of the 28,303 patients enrolled, 2,028 patients died, resulting in case fatality of 7.2% (95% CI 6.9–7.5). The effect of age on case fatality was stronger for males after 21 years of age. The odds of dying for each 5 years increase in age was 1.26 (95% CI 1.23–1.28) times higher for males versus 1.14 (95% CI 1.10–1.19) times higher for females. Missing data were handled by multiple imputation. Patient’s age-sex are important risk factors for death in acute pesticide self-poisoning even after controlling for clinical effects. The age effect on the odds of dying was significantly different for males and females, with this effect being stronger for males. Given that patient’s age and sex are very easy to collect on admission, our study highlights the need for incorporating these risk factors in policy and clinical decisions.
Past and future blurring at fundamental length scale
Creators: name: Neves, M. J.
name: Farina, C.
name: Cougo-Pinto, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the $κ$-deformed versions of the retarded and advanced Green functions and show that their causality properties are blurred in a time interval of the order of a length parameter $q=1/(2κ)$. The functions also indicate a smearing of the light cone. These results favor the interpretation of $q$ as a fundamental length scale below which the concept of a point in spacetime should be substituted by the concept of a fuzzy region of radius $q$, as proposed long ago by Heisenberg.
description: Essentially, this is the version published in the Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 211601 (2010). It has 4 pages and contains 2 figures
Birth outcomes in women exposed to diagnostic radiology procedures during first trimester of pregnancy: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Missanelli, Andrea
name: Lombardi, Niccolò
name: Bettiol, Alessandra
name: Lanzi, Cecilia
name: Rossi, Francesco
name: Pacileo, Ilaria
name: Donvito, Lucia
name: Garofalo, Valentina
name: Ravaldi, Claudia
name: Vannacci, Alfredo
name: Mannaioni, Guido
name: Pistelli, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Exposure of the embryo or fetus to ionizing radiations is a potential danger since it may induce clinically relevant fetal and/or neonatal damages. The aim of the present study was to examine fetal and neonatal outcomes after maternal exposure to radio-diagnostic procedures during first trimester of pregnancy, and to evaluate whether these effects might be related to the fetal absorbed dose of ionizing radiations. A 10-year prospective cohort study was performed on 1979 pregnant women who underwent a radio-diagnostic procedure within the first trimester of pregnancy. Women were divided into two groups: those exposed to abdominal or lumbar radio-diagnostic procedure (Cohort A, n = 130), and those exposed to radio-diagnostic procedures in any other body regions (Cohort B, n = 415). Health physicists performed tailored fetal radiation dose calculation. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to estimate the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The tailored fetal radiation dose was calculated for a total of 97 women (range 0.05-92 mSv). Major congenital malformations were detected in four infants in Cohort A, six infants in Cohort B, and 24 infants in controls (p = 0.445). Multivariate analysis confirmed the negative association between age and adverse pregnancy outcomes (OR 1.08 [1.06–1.11]), and the protective role of folic acid. A higher rate of small for gestational age seems to be present in women who underwent radio-diagnostic procedures that involve maternal thyroid. Despite several limitations, our study confirms that exposure to radio-diagnostic procedures that may involve uterus at doses below 100 mSv does not increase the risk of embryo-fetal toxicity. The relationship between maternal thyroid irradiation and small for gestational age needs to be further investigated.
Two Upper Limits on the Rossiter-McLaughlin Effect, with Differing Implications: WASP-1 has a High Obliquity and WASP-2 is Indeterminate
Creators: name: Albrecht, Simon
name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Johnson, John Asher
name: Butler, R. Paul
name: Crane, Jeffrey D.
name: Shectman, Stephen A.
name: Thompson, Ian B.
name: Narita, Norio
name: Sato, Bun'ei
name: Hirano, Teruyuki
name: Enya, Keigo
name: Fischer, Debra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present precise radial-velocity measurements of WASP-1 and WASP-2 throughout transits of their giant planets. Our goal was to detect the Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect, the anomalous radial velocity observed during eclipses of rotating stars, which can be used to study the obliquities of planet-hosting stars. For WASP-1 a weak signal of a prograde orbit was detected with ~2sigma confidence, and for WASP-2 no signal was detected. The resulting upper bounds on the RM amplitude have different implications for these two systems, because of the contrasting transit geometries and the stellar types. Because WASP-1 is an F7V star, and such stars are typically rapid rotators, the most probable reason for the suppression of the RM effect is that the star is viewed nearly pole-on. This implies the WASP-1 star has a high obliquity with respect to the edge-on planetary orbit. Because WASP-2 is a K1V star, and is expected to be a slow rotator, no firm conclusion can be drawn about the stellar obliquity. Our data and our analysis contradict an earlier claim that WASP-2b has a retrograde orbit, thereby revoking this system's status as an exception to the pattern that cool stars have low obliquities.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev Inequalities via Fast Diffusion Flows
Creators: name: Carlen, Eric A.
name: Carrillo, Jose Antonio
name: Loss, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a simple proof of the $λ= d-2$ cases of the sharp Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality for $d\geq 3$, and the sharp Logarithmic Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality for $d=2$ via a monotone flow governed by the fast diffusion equation.
Additional file 4 of Optimal bispectral index level of sedation and cerebral oximetry in traumatic brain injury: a non-invasive individualized approach in critical care?
Creators: name: Froese, Logan
name: Gomez, Alwyn
name: Sainbhi, Amanjyot Singh
name: Batson, Carleen
name: Slack, Trevor
name: Stein, Kevin Y.
name: Mathieu, Francois
name: Zeiler, Frederick A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Hematology

description: Additional file 4. Supplementary Figures D. Sequential Error Bar Plotting.
Suppl_1_CT_CrystalPlacement_4_2024.pdf
Creators: name: Stendahl, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cardiology (incl. cardiovascular diseases)

description: Postmortem CT image in a representative animal confirming the post-experimental sonomicrometer crystal locations in the subepicardium (yellow arrows) and subendocardium (blue arrows). CT images were acquired with a 64 slice CT scanner (Discovery NM-CT 570, GE Healthcare). Animals were administered intravenous contrast and then euthanized with saturated aqueous KCl immediately prior to imaging.
QED with a spherical mirror
Creators: name: Hétet, G.
name: Slodicka, L.
name: Glaetzle, A.
name: Hennrich, M.
name: Blatt, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Quantum-Electro-Dynamic properties of an atomic electron close to the focus of a spherical mirror. We first show that the spontaneous emission and excited state level shift of the atom can be fully suppressed with mirror-atom distances of many wavelengths. A three-dimensional theory predicts that the spectral density of vacuum fluctuations can indeed vanish within a volume $λ^3$ around the atom, with the use of a far distant mirror covering only half of the atomic emission solid angle. The modification of these QED atomic properties is also computed as a function of the mirror size and large effects are found for only moderate numerical apertures. We also evaluate the long distance ground state energy shift (Casimir-Polder shift) and find that it scales as $(λ/R)^2$ at the focus of a hemi-spherical mirror of radius $R$, as opposed to the well known $(λ/R)^4$ scaling law for an atom at a distance $R$ from an infinite plane mirror. Our results are relevant for investigations of QED effects, and also free space coupling to single atoms using high-numerical aperture lenses.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
title: A computational framework for gradient‐enhanced damage
title: implementation and applications
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulte, Robin
name: Ostwald, Richard
name: Menzel, Andreas
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 620
subject: 670
subject: ABAQUS
subject: Polydimethylsiloxan
subject: Werkstoffschädigung

description: A gradient‐enhanced damage model is combined with finite viscoelasticity and implemented in an Abaqus user subroutine, exploiting the heat equation solution capabilities for the damage regularisation, in order to simulate soft polymers. This regularised damage approach provides the advantage of mesh independent results and avoids localisation effects. In this work, a self‐diagnostic poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) elastomer is chosen as an example. To this end, an efficient two‐step parameter identification framework is developed to calibrate the corresponding model parameters.
description: Proceedings in applied mathematics & mechanics;Vol. 20, 2021, Issue 1, Art. e202000215
Higgs bosons in ttbar production
Creators: name: Barcelo, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The top quark has a large Yukawa coupling with the Higgs boson. In the usual extensions of the standard model the Higgs sector includes extra scalars, which also tend to couple strongly with the top quark. Unlike the Higgs, these fields have a natural mass above 2m_t, so they could introduce anomalies in ttbar production at the LHC. We study their effect on the ttbar invariant mass distribution at sqrt{s}=7 TeV. We focus on the bosons (H,A) of the minimal SUSY model and on the scalar field (r) associated to the new scale f in Little Higgs (LH) models. We show that in all cases the interference with the standard amplitude dominates over the narrow-width contribution. As a consequence, the mass difference between H and A or the contribution of an extra T-quark loop in LH models become important effects in order to determine if these fields are observable there. We find that a 1 fb^{-1} luminosity could probe the region tan beta \le 3 of SUSY and v/(sqrt{2}f) \ge 0.3 in LH models.
description: Talk given at the 2nd Young Researchers Workshop "Physics Challenges in the LHC Era", Frascati, May 10 and 13, 2010
Clinical effects and outcomes of perampanel overdoses reported to U.S. poison centers
Creators: name: Minhaj, Faisal Syed
name: Leonard, James B.
name: Klein-Schwartz, Wendy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Perampanel is indicated for partial onset seizures in children and adults. The mechanism is unique among antiepileptic agents as it inhibits glutamate activity on AMPA receptors. Currently, there are few published case reports describing overdose. This is a retrospective observational study of all single substance perampanel ingestions from January 2014 to December 2019 reported to the national poison data system (NPDS). The primary outcome is to describe the clinical effects of perampanel exposures. Secondary outcomes include evaluation of management and investigation of a dose–effect relationship for the purpose of triaging acute unintentional exposures. A total of 138 exposures were reported to NPDS since the release of the agent. Median age was 20 years (IQR 10–38) with 68 (49.3%) males. The reason for exposure was most commonly therapeutic error (80, 58.0%), followed by exploratory ingestion (24, 17.4%), and suicidal ingestion (14, 10.1%). A total of six (4.3%) patients developed major effects, 20 (14.5%) moderate, 32 (23.2%) minor effects and 22 (15.9%) no effect. An additional 54 (39.1%) cases were not followed. Almost half of cases were managed at home. Of those that were in a healthcare facility (HCF) (n = 72), most were treated/evaluated and released (31, 43.1%), followed by admission to a non-critical care unit (20, 27.8%), and critical care unit (13, 18.1%). Most frequently reported symptoms were drowsiness (27, 19.6%), agitation (20, 14.5%), ataxia (13, 9.4%), and confusion (12, 8.7%). The most common therapies provided in a HCF were intravenous fluids (22,30.6%), followed by benzodiazepines (14, 19.4%), then other types of sedation (9, 12.5%). There were too few cases to determine a dose cut off for triaging. While drowsiness, agitation, ataxia, and confusion were the most often reported symptoms, close to 19% developed moderate/major effects and almost 4% of patients received potentially life-saving interventions.
Characterization of novel regulatory components in the dynamic protein palmitoylation cycle
Creators: name: Lin, David Tse Shen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Protein palmitoylation represents the only reversible lipid modification in the cell. As a post-translational modification, it is highly dynamic and plays an important role in protein trafficking and localization. Two families of enzymes mediate dynamic palmitoylation: palmitoyl-acyl transferases (PATs) catalyze palmitate addition, and acyl-protein thioesterases (APTs) catalyze palmitate removal. In mammalian cells, twenty-three PATs have been identified; however, the mechanisms that regulate their enzymatic activity are largely unexplored. Only two APTs, APT1 and APT2, have been identified, but it is unclear if these enzymes act constitutively on all palmitoylated proteins, or if additional depalmitoylases exist. To determine if APT1 and APT2 are responsible for the depalmitoylation of all cytosolic substrates, in this dissertation, I first examined the roles of APT1 and APT2 in protein depalmitoylation. Using a dual pulse-chase strategy to compare protein and palmitate half-lives, I found that simultaneous knockdown or inhibition of APT1 and APT2 strongly blocked palmitate removal from the N-terminal domain of Huntingtin (N-HTT), but had no effect on the depalmitoylation of post-synaptic density-95 (PSD-95). By activity-based protein profiling (ABPP), I showed that the APT1/2 inhibitor Palmostatin B has additional serine hydrolase targets that may play a role in PSD-95 depalmitoylation. Moreover, Palmostatin B induced PSD-95-GFP re-distribution in COS-7 cells, a phenotype not observed with APT1- and APT2-selective inhibitors. These results demonstrate that serine hydrolases other than APT1 and APT2 mediate the substrate-specific removal of palmitate from cytosolic proteins. I also investigated a possible novel regulator of the PAT HTT-interacting protein 14 (HIP14), Optineurin (OPTN), a cargo adaptor known to interact with HTT to mediate post-Golgi vesicle trafficking. I validated this interaction by co-immunoprecipitation and showed that OPTN is not a palmitoylated substrate. Furthermore, HIP14, OPTN, and HTT formed a trimeric complex. I mapped the binding of OPTN and HTT to the HIP14 ankyrin repeat domain, and identified mutations that selectively destabilized the HIP14/OPTN interaction. I hypothesize that OPTN transports HIP14 to distinct subcellular compartments to regulate its access to substrates. In summary, these results reveal potential novel regulatory components in the dynamic palmitoylation cycle.
Non-adiabatic Effects in the Braiding of Non-Abelian Anyons in Topological Superconductors
Creators: name: Cheng, Meng
name: Galitski, Victor
name: Sarma, Sankar Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Qubits in topological quantum computation are built from non-Abelian anyons. Adiabatic braiding of anyons is exploited as topologically protected logical gate operations. Thus, the adiabaticity upon which the notion of quantum statistics is defined, plays a fundamental role in defining the non-Abelian anyons. We study the non-adiabatic effects in braidings of Ising-type anyons, namely Majorana fermions in topological superconductors, using the formalism of time-dependent Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations. Using this formalism, we consider non-adiabatic corrections to non-Abelian statistics from: (1) tunneling splitting of anyons imposing an additional dynamical phase to the transformation of ground states; (2) transitions to excited states that are potentially destructive to non-Abelian statistics since the non-local fermion occupation can be spoiled by such processes. However, if the bound states are localized and being braided together with the anyons, non-Abelian statistics can be recovered once the definition of Majorana operators is appropriately generalized taking into account the fermion parity in these states. On the other hand, if the excited states are extended over the whole system and form a continuum, the notion of local fermion parity no longer holds. We then quantitatively characterize the errors introduced in this situation.
Summary of the "Electroweak and Searches in DIS and Hadron Colliders" Working Group
Creators: name: Moretti, Stefano
name: Parenti, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here the summary of the "Electroweak and Searches in DIS and Hadron Colliders" working group activities at the DIS 2010 conference. The theory contributions will be presented first, followed by the experimental ones. The experimental results include measurements from the Tevatron (CDF and \DO) and HERA (H1 and ZEUS) experiments, and studies from the LHC (ATLAS and CMS). Results from the B-factories (BaBar and Belle) and from NA62 are also summarised.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
Snakebite-associated thrombotic microangiopathy: an Australian prospective cohort study [ASP30]
Creators: name: Noutsos, Tina
name: Currie, Bart J.
name: Isoardi, Katherine Z.
name: Brown, Simon G. A.
name: Isbister, Geoffrey K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Snakebite-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) occurs in a subset of patients with venom-induced consumption coagulopathy (VICC) following snakebite. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the commonest end-organ manifestation of TMA. The epidemiology, diagnostic features, outcomes, and effectiveness of interventions including therapeutic plasma-exchange (TPE), in snakebite-associated TMA are poorly understood. We reviewed all patients with suspected or confirmed snakebite recruited to the Australian Snakebite Project (2004-2018 inclusive), a prospective cohort study, from 202 participating Australian hospitals across the country. TMA was defined as anemia with schistocytosis. 2069 patients with suspected snakebite were enrolled, with 1158 (56.0%) systemically envenomed, of which 842 (72.7%) developed VICC, from which 104 (12.4%) developed TMA. Of those systemically envenomed, TMA occurred in 26% (13/50) taipan, 17% (60/351) brown, and 8% (16/197) tiger snakebites. Thrombocytopenia was present in 90% (94/104) of TMA cases, and a further eight (8%) had a > 25% decrease in platelets from the presentation. Patients with TMA were significantly older than non-TMA patients with VICC (53 [35–61] versus 41 [24–55] years, median [IQR], p 90-day follow-up for 25 D-AKI cases (130 person-years) showed no end-stage kidney disease but 52% (13/25) had ≥ stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our findings support a definition of snakebite-associated TMA as anemia with schistocytosis and either thrombocytopenia or >25% drop in platelet count. AKI occurring with snakebite-associated TMA varied in severity, with most achieving DFS, but with a risk of long-term CKD in half. We found no evidence of benefit for TPE in D-AKI.
Existence and approximation of probability measure solutions to models of collective behaviors
Creators: name: Tosin, Andrea
name: Frasca, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35L65, 35Q70, 35Q91

description: In this paper we consider first order differential models of collective behaviors of groups of agents based on the mass conservation equation. Models are formulated taking the spatial distribution of the agents as the main unknown, expressed in terms of a probability measure evolving in time. We develop an existence and approximation theory of the solutions to such models and we show that some recently proposed models of crowd and swarm dynamics fit our theoretic paradigm.
description: 31 pages, 1 figure
Constraining the Structure of Sagittarius A*'s Accretion Flow with Millimeter-VLBI Closure Phases
Creators: name: Broderick, Avery E.
name: Fish, Vincent L.
name: Doeleman, Sheperd S.
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Millimeter wave Very Long Baseline Interferometry (mm-VLBI) provides access to the emission region surrounding Sagittarius A*, the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way, on sub-horizon scales. Recently, a closure phase of 0+-40 degrees was reported on a triangle of Earth-sized baselines (SMT-CARMA-JCMT) representing a new constraint upon the structure and orientation of the emission region, independent from those provided by the previously measured 1.3mm-VLBI visibility amplitudes alone. Here, we compare this to the closure phases associated with a class of physically motivated, radiatively inefficient accretion flow models, and present predictions for future mm-VLBI experiments with the developing Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). We find that the accretion flow models are capable of producing a wide variety of closure phases on the SMT-CARMA-JCMT triangle, and thus not all models are consistent with the recent observations. However, those models that reproduce the 1.3mm-VLBI visibility amplitudes overwhelmingly have SMT-CARMA-JCMT closure phases between +-30 degrees, and are therefore broadly consistent with all current mm-VLBI observations. Improving station sensitivity by factors of a few, achievable by increases in bandwidth and phasing together multiple antennas at individual sites, should result in physically relevant additional constraints upon the model parameters and eliminate the current 180 degree ambiguity on the source orientation. When additional stations are included, closure phases of order 45--90 degrees are typical. In all cases the EHT will be able to measure these with sufficient precision to produce dramatic improvements in the constraints upon the spin of Sgr A*.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Comment on "Are periodic solar wind number density structures formed in the solar corona?" by N. M. Viall et al., 2009, Geophys. Res. Lett., 36, L23102, doi:10.1029/2009GL041191
Creators: name: Yermolaev, Yuri I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Location of formation of periodic solar wind number density structures is discussed. Observation of proton and alpha anticorrelation in these structures [Viall et al., 2009] indicates that taking into account that bulk velocity of aplha-particles is higher than that of proton the place of formation for these structures should be located at distance less 0.002 AU from place of observation.
description: 6 pages, submitted in GRL
Additional file 5 of Optimal bispectral index level of sedation and cerebral oximetry in traumatic brain injury: a non-invasive individualized approach in critical care?
Creators: name: Froese, Logan
name: Gomez, Alwyn
name: Sainbhi, Amanjyot Singh
name: Batson, Carleen
name: Slack, Trevor
name: Stein, Kevin Y.
name: Mathieu, Francois
name: Zeiler, Frederick A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Hematology

description: Additional file 5. Supplementary Figures E. BISopt % Yeild.
Spin-orbit driven ferromagnetic resonance: A nanoscale magnetic characterisation technique
Creators: name: Fang, D.
name: Kurebayashi, H.
name: Wunderlich, J.
name: Vyborny, K.
name: Zarbo, L. P.
name: Campion, R. P.
name: Casiraghi, A.
name: Gallagher, B. L.
name: Jungwirth, T.
name: Ferguson, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a scalable new ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) technique based on the spin-orbit interaction. An alternating current drives FMR in uniform ferromagnetic structures patterned from the dilute magnetic semiconductors (Ga,Mn)As and (Ga,Mn)(As,P). This allows the direct measurement of magnetic anisotropy coefficients and damping parameters for individual nano-bars. By analysing the ferromagnetic resonance lineshape, we perform vector magnetometry on the current-induced driving field, observing contributions with symmetries of both the Dresselhaus and Rashba spin-orbit interactions.
description: 4 figures