cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hermite and Laguerre Symmetric Functions Associated with Operators of Calogero-Moser-Sutherland Type
Creators: name: Desrosiers, Patrick
name: Hallnäs, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and study natural generalisations of the Hermite and Laguerre polynomials in the ring of symmetric functions as eigenfunctions of infinite-dimensional analogues of partial differential operators of Calogero-Moser-Sutherland (CMS) type. In particular, we obtain generating functions, duality relations, limit transitions from Jacobi symmetric functions, and Pieri formulae, as well as the integrability of the corresponding operators. We also determine all ideals in the ring of symmetric functions that are spanned by either Hermite or Laguerre symmetric functions, and by restriction of the corresponding infinite-dimensional CMS operators onto quotient rings given by such ideals we obtain so-called deformed CMS operators. As a consequence of this restriction procedure, we deduce, in particular, infinite sets of polynomial eigenfunctions, which we shall refer to as super Hermite and super Laguerre polynomials, as well as the integrability, of these deformed CMS operators. We also introduce and study series of a generalised hypergeometric type, in the context of both symmetric functions and 'super' polynomials.
Dual conformal symmetry on the light cone
Creators: name: Derkachov, S. E.
name: Korchemsky, G. P.
name: Manashov, A. N.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We study the properties of conformal operators in the SL(2) sector of planar N=4 SYM and its supersymmetric SL(2|2) extension. The correlation functions of these operators and their form factors with respect to asymptotic on-shell states are determined by two different polynomials which can be identified as eigenstates of the dilatation operator in the coordinate and momentum representations, respectively. We argue that, in virtue of integrability of the dilatation operator, the two polynomials satisfy a duality relation – they are proportional to each other upon an appropriate identification of momenta and coordinates. Combined with the conventional N=4 superconformal symmetry, this leads to the dual superconformal symmetry of the dilatation operator. We demonstrate that this symmetry is powerful enough to fix the eigenspectrum of the dilatation operator to the lowest order in the coupling. We use the relation between the one-loop dilatation operator and Heisenberg spin chain to show that, to lowest order in the coupling, the dual symmetry is generated by the Baxter Q-operator in the limit of large spectral parameter.
description: SCOAP3
Content and prevalence of environmentalist stereotypes in Canada : a psychological perspective
Creators: name: Williams, Elizabeth A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: What are public perceptions of environmentalists in Canada? Stereotypes, beliefs that members of a group possess certain characteristics, are widely understood and communicated within a culture, even amongst individuals who do not believe them to be representative of the group in question (Jackson, 2011). Research suggests that stereotypes of environmentalists are primarily negative and may impede environmental participation (Bashir, Lockwood, Chasteen, Nadolny, & Noyes, 2013; Minson & Monin, 2012). Yet few studies have assessed environmentalist perceptions of their own in-group stereotypes. The current study builds on previous research by including representation from the environmental community and more broadly from the Canadian population (N = 489). This research uses qualitative and quantitative social psychology methods to explore the content and prevalence of environmentalist stereotypes. Participants completed a survey containing established research scales: New Ecological Paradigm, Stereotype Content Model, System Justification scale, and modified scales on pro-environmental identity. Irrespective of their own environmental attitudes or identity, participants listed highly similar and largely positive words in association with environmentalists. When asked to rate public perceptions of environmentalists, participants provided similar moderate ratings on warmth and competence, and low rating for status. Perceptions of competition between environmentalists and the public, in resources, decision-making, and power, were higher amongst non-environmentalists and varied according to political ideology and province of residence. Patterns in the data also suggest that with regards to environmental attitudes and views about society, both non-environmentalists and strong environmentalists are relatively distinct groups, whereas there is high similarity and possibly fluidity between moderate environmentalists and neutral participants (i.e., neither agreed or disagreed to identifying as an environmentalist). Thus, while environmental attitudes and identity were positively correlated, environmental attitudes only partly predicted environmentalist identity. A better understanding of environmentalist stereotypes may contribute to psychology research on inter-group relations and stereotypes, and may offer insight into resistance to environmental initiatives, thereby improving design for greater public engagement. This information may also help improve understanding of conflict in decision-making processes, and assist in the development of group facilitation and management tools that break down barriers between interest groups, thereby improving collaboration and outcomes in decision-making processes.
On node ranking in graphs
Creators: name: Dudkina, Ekaterina
name: Bin, Michelangelo
name: Breen, Jane
name: Crisostomi, Emanuele
name: Ferraro, Pietro
name: Kirkland, Steve
name: Marecek, Jakub
name: Murray-Smith, Roderick
name: Parisini, Thomas
name: Stone, Lewi
name: Yilmaz, Serife
name: Shorten, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The ranking of nodes in a network according to their ``importance'' is a classic problem that has attracted the interest of different scientific communities in the last decades. The current COVID-19 pandemic has recently rejuvenated the interest in this problem, as it is related to the selection of which individuals should be tested in a population of asymptomatic individuals, or which individuals should be vaccinated first. Motivated by the COVID-19 spreading dynamics, in this paper we review the most popular methods for node ranking in undirected unweighted graphs, and compare their performance in a benchmark realistic network, that takes into account the community-based structure of society. Also, we generalize a classic benchmark network originally proposed by Newman for ranking nodes in unweighted graphs, to show how ranks change in the weighted case.
Spectral statistics of chaotic many-body systems
Creators: name: Dubertrand, Rémy
name: Müller, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: many-body systems, semiclassical methods, quantum chaos
subject: 530 Physik

description: Wederive a trace formula that expresses the level density of chaotic many-body systems as a smooth term plus a sum over contributions associated to solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger (or Gross– Pitaevski) equation. Our formula applies to bosonic systems with discretised positions, such as the Bose–Hubbard model, in the semiclassical limit as well as in the limit where the number of particles is taken to infinity.Weuse the trace formula to investigate the spectral statistics of these systems, by studying interference between solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation.Weshow that in the limits taken the statistics of fully chaotic many-particle systems becomes universal and agrees with predictions from the Wigner–Dyson ensembles of random matrix theory. The conditions for Wigner–Dyson statistics involve a gap in the spectrum of the Frobenius–Perron operator, leaving the possibility of different statistics for systems with weaker chaotic properties.
Invariants for the Weil representation and Modular Units for Orthogonal Groups of Signature (2,2)
Creators: name: Bieker, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F27, 11F20

description: We show that the space of invariants for the Weil representation for discriminant groups which contain self-dual isotropic subgroups is spanned by the characteristic functions of the self-dual isotropic subgroups. As an application, we construct modular units for orthogonal groups in signature (2,2) using Borcherds products.
description: 24 pages, final version, to appear in Journal of Number Theory
Scaling Theory of the Anderson Transition in Random Graphs: Ergodicity and Universality
Creators: name: García-Mata, I.
name: Giraud, O.
name: Georgeot, B.
name: Martin, J.
name: Dubertrand, Rémy
name: Lemarié, G.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We study the Anderson transition on a generic model of random graphs with a tunable branching parameter 1 < K < 2, through large scale numerical simulations and finite-size scaling analysis. We find that a single transition separates a localized phase from an unusual delocalized phase that is ergodic at large scales but strongly nonergodic at smaller scales. In the critical regime, multifractal wave functions are located on a few branches of the graph. Different scaling laws apply on both sides of the transition: a scaling with the linear size of the system on the localized side, and an unusual volumic scaling on the delocalized side. The critical scalings and exponents are independent of the branching parameter, which strongly supports the universality of our results.
General Purpose Convolution Algorithm in S4-Classes by means of FFT
Creators: name: Ruckdeschel, Peter
name: Kohl, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Object orientation provides a flexible framework for the implementation of the convolution of arbitrary distributions of real-valued random variables. We discuss an algorithm which is based on the discrete Fourier transformation (DFT) and its fast computability via the fast Fourier transformation (FFT). It directly applies to lattice-supported distributions. In the case of continuous distributions an additional discretization to a linear lattice is necessary and the resulting lattice-supported distributions are suitably smoothed after convolution. We compare our algorithm to other approaches aiming at a similar generality as to accuracy and speed. In situations where the exact results are known, several checks confirm a high accuracy of the proposed algorithm which is also illustrated at approximations of non-central $χ^2$-distributions. By means of object orientation this default algorithm can be overloaded by more specific algorithms where possible, in particular where explicit convolution formulae are available. Our focus is on R package distr which includes an implementation of this approach overloading operator "+" for convolution; based on this convolution, we define a whole arithmetics of mathematical operations acting on distribution objects, comprising, among others, operators "+", "-", "*", "/", and "^".
Origin of emission from square-shaped organic microlasers
Creators: name: Bittner, S.
name: Lafargue, C.
name: Gozhyk, I.
name: Djellali, N.
name: Milliet, L.
name: Hickox-Young, D. T.
name: Ulysse, C.
name: Bouche, D.
name: Dubertrand, Rémy
name: Bogomolny, E.
name: Zyss, J.
name: Lebental, M.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 42.55.Sa, 03.65.Sq, 05.45.Mt

description: The emission from open cavities with non-integrable features remains a challenging problem of practical as well as fundamental relevance. Square-shaped dielectric microcavities provide a favorable case study with generic implications for other polygonal resonators. We report on a joint experimental and theoretical study of square-shaped organic microlasers exhibiting a farfield emission that is strongly concentrated in the directions parallel to the side walls of the cavity. A semiclassical model for the far-field distributions is developed that is in agreement with even fine features of the experimental findings. Comparison of the model calculations with the experimental data allows the precise identification of the lasing modes and their emission mechanisms, providing strong support for a physically intuitive ray-dynamical interpretation. Special attention is paid to the role of diffraction and the finite side length.
title: Формирование городского ландшафта у Дома молодежи в Великом Новгороде
Creators: name: Семенова, Мария
name: Гаврилова, Мария
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2021

description: В статье рассматриваются вопросы создания качественной и современной среды на основе реального проекта. Целью исследования является формирование открытого общественного пространства у Дома молодежи Великого Новгорода. Основная задача заключается в создании городского ландшафта, отвечающего интересам и запросам современной молодежи. В работе показывается, что общественное пространство должно формироваться на основе таких важных факторов, как доступность, многофункциональность, комфорт и безопасность. Использование данных факторов способствует преобразованию городской среды, в результате чего появится новая точка притяжения для формирования и развития молодежных сообществ в Великом Новгороде.
High energy spin excitations in the quantum spin liquid candidate Zn-barlowite probed by resonant inelastic x-ray scattering
Creators: name: Smaha, Rebecca W.
name: Pelliciari, Jonathan
name: Jarrige, Ignace
name: Bisogni, Valentina
name: Breidenbach, Aaron T.
name: Jiang, Jack Mingde
name: Wen, Jiajia
name: Jiang, Hong-Chen
name: Lee, Young S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum spin liquid is a novel ground state that can support long-range entanglement between magnetic moments, resulting in exotic spin excitations involving fractionalized $S=\frac{1}{2}$ spinons. Here, we measure the excitations in single crystals of the spin liquid candidate Zn-barlowite using resonant inelastic X-ray scattering. By analyzing the incident polarization and temperature dependences, we deduce a clear magnetic scattering contribution forming a broad continuum that surprisingly extends up to $\sim$200 meV ($\sim$14$J$, where $J$ is the magnetic exchange). The excitation spectrum reveals that significant contributions arise from multiple pairs of spinons and/or antispinons at high energies.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
The impacts of kill-trapping on carriage of Leptospira interrogans and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by wild rats in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside
Creators: name: Lee, Michael Joseph
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: The ecology of wild urban rats is an important determinant of the transmission and carriage of rat-associated zoonoses (RAZ). For example, previous research has shown that RAZ are clustered in rat populations at the level of the city-block, possibly because rats, which rarely move beyond a single city-block, live in colonies that do not interact with rats from other colonies. It may therefore be the case that rat colonies self-limit the spread of RAZ to within the infected colony. Because anthropogenic disturbances can disrupt animal ecology, I hypothesized that human disruptions of typical rat ecology, such as pest-control, can also disrupt the epidemiology of RAZ within the disturbed rat population. This dissertation tests the hypothesis that kill-trapping wild urban rat populations can lead to unpredictable changes in RAZ epidemiology, even leading to increases in the transmission and/or spread amongst rat populations. This work tested rats for Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Leptospira interrogans both before and after enacting a kill-trapping intervention at the level of the city-block in Vancouver Canada’s Downtown Eastside (DTES). Study blocks were categorized as either intervention blocks (in which kill-trapping was enacted), non-kill flanking blocks (blocks immediately next to intervention blocks in which no kill-trapping was enacted), and control blocks (in which no kill-trapping was enacted). Rats caught after kill-trapping in intervention blocks had 9.55 (95% CI 1.75-78.31) times the odds of carrying Leptospira interrogans than did rats that were caught in any block type before the intervention. This effect was not observed in any other block type for Leptospira interrogans or for carriage of MRSA. These results indicate that kill-trapping may impact the odds that rats that survive the killtrapping carry some RAZ.
Variational solutions to the total variation flow on metric measure spaces
Creators: name: Buffa, Vito
name: Kinnunen, Juha
name: Camacho, Cintia Pacchiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49J27, 49J40, 49J45, 30L99, 35A15

description: We discuss a purely variational approach to the total variation flow on metric measure spaces with a doubling measure and a Poincaré inequality. We apply the concept of parabolic De Giorgi classes together with upper gradients, Newtonian spaces and functions of bounded variation to prove a necessary and sufficient condition for a variational solution to be continuous at a given point.
Sympathetic cooling and squeezing of two co-levitated nanoparticles
Creators: name: Penny, T. W.
name: Pontin, A.
name: Barker, P. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Levitated particles are an ideal tool for measuring weak forces and investigating quantum mechanics in macroscopic objects. Arrays of two or more of these particles have been suggested for improving force sensitivity and entangling macropscopic objects. In this article, two charged, silica nanoparticles, that are coupled through their mutual Coulomb repulsion, are trapped in a Paul trap, and the individual masses and charges of both particles are characterised. We demonstrate sympathetic cooling of one nanoparticle coupled via the Coulomb interaction to the second nanoparticle to which feedback cooling is directly applied. We also implement sympathetic squeezing through a similar process showing non-thermal motional states can be transferred by the Coulomb interaction. This work establishes protocols to cool and manipulate arrays of nanoparticles for sensing and minimising the effect of optical heating in future experiments.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Supercharacters, symmetric functions in noncommuting variables, and related Hopf algebras
Creators: name: Aguiar, Marcelo
name: Andre, Carlos
name: Benedetti, Carolina
name: Bergeron, Nantel
name: Chen, Zhi
name: Diaconis, Persi
name: Hendrickson, Anders
name: Hsiao, Samuel
name: Isaacs, I. Martin
name: Jedwab, Andrea
name: Johnson, Kenneth
name: Karaali, Gizem
name: Lauve, Aaron
name: Le, Tung
name: Lewis, Stephen
name: Li, Huilan
name: Magaard, Kay
name: Marberg, Eric
name: Novelli, Jean-Christophe
name: Pang, Amy
name: Saliola, Franco
name: Tevlin, Lenny
name: Thibon, Jean-Yves
name: Thiem, Nathaniel
name: Venkateswaran, Vidya
name: Vinroot, C. Ryan
name: Yan, Ning
name: Zabrocki, Mike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E10

description: We identify two seemingly disparate structures: supercharacters, a useful way of doing Fourier analysis on the group of unipotent uppertriangular matrices with coefficients in a finite field, and the ring of symmetric functions in noncommuting variables. Each is a Hopf algebra and the two are isomorphic as such. This allows developments in each to be transferred. The identification suggests a rich class of examples for the emerging field of combinatorial Hopf algebras.
description: To Appear in Advances in Mathematics (2012), 23 pages
The Inversion Symmetry of the WDVV Equations and Tau Functions
Creators: name: Liu, Si-Qi
name: Xu, Dingdian
name: Zhang, Youjin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For two solutions of the WDVV equations that are related by the inversion symmetry, we show that the associated principal hierarchies of integrable systems are related by a reciprocal transformation, and the tau functions of the hierarchies are related by a Legendre type transformation. We also consider relationships between the Virasoro constraints and the topological deformations of the principal hierarchies.
description: 28 pages. This is a rewritten of an early preprint arXiv: 1002.0034 with a proof of Conjecture 6.1. V2: The published version
The Abundancy Index of Divisors of Odd Perfect Numbers
Creators: name: Dris, Jose Arnaldo B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A05 (Primary) 11J25, 11J99 (Secondary)

description: If $N = {q^k}{n^2}$ is an odd perfect number, where $q$ is the Euler prime, then we show that $n < q$ is sufficient for Sorli's conjecture that $k = ν_{q}(N) = 1$ to hold. We also prove that $q^k < 2/3{n^2}$, and that $I(q^k) < I(n)$, where $I(x)$ is the abundancy index of $x$.
description: 10 pages
Intrinsic Mirrors for Minimal Adjoint Orbit (ICM G&T 2022)
Creators: name: Gasparim, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This text is contribution 77 to the ZAG Handbook of Modern Algebraic Geometry, edited by I. Cheltsov and J. Martinez-Garcia, and summarises the Short Communication I presented at the Geometry and Topology Session of the International Congress of Mathematicians which took place at the University of Copenhagen in 2022.
description: Section 6 of this talk describes the results of arXiv:2108.02471
Rethinking Query, Key, and Value Embedding in Vision Transformer under Tiny Model Constraints
Creators: name: Ahn, Jaesin
name: Hong, Jiuk
name: Ju, Jeongwoo
name: Jung, Heechul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A vision transformer (ViT) is the dominant model in the computer vision field. Despite numerous studies that mainly focus on dealing with inductive bias and complexity, there remains the problem of finding better transformer networks. For example, conventional transformer-based models usually use a projection layer for each query (Q), key (K), and value (V) embedding before multi-head self-attention. Insufficient consideration of semantic $Q, K$, and $V$ embedding may lead to a performance drop. In this paper, we propose three types of structures for $Q$, $K$, and $V$ embedding. The first structure utilizes two layers with ReLU, which is a non-linear embedding for $Q, K$, and $V$. The second involves sharing one of the non-linear layers to share knowledge among $Q, K$, and $V$. The third proposed structure shares all non-linear layers with code parameters. The codes are trainable, and the values determine the embedding process to be performed among $Q$, $K$, and $V$. Hence, we demonstrate the superior image classification performance of the proposed approaches in experiments compared to several state-of-the-art approaches. The proposed method achieved $71.4\%$ with a few parameters (of $3.1M$) on the ImageNet-1k dataset compared to that required by the original transformer model of XCiT-N12 ($69.9\%$). Additionally, the method achieved $93.3\%$ with only $2.9M$ parameters in transfer learning on average for the CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, Stanford Cars datasets, and STL-10 datasets, which is better than the accuracy of $92.2\%$ obtained via the original XCiT-N12 model.
Multiscale simulation of injection-induced fracture slip and wing-crack propagation in poroelastic media
Creators: name: Dang, Hau Trung
name: Berre, Inga
name: Keilegavlen, Eirik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In fractured poroelastic media under high differential stress, the shearing of fractures and faults and the corresponding propagation of wing cracks can be induced by fluid injection. Focusing on low-pressure stimulation with fluid pressures below the minimum principal stress but above the threshold required to overcome the fracture's frictional resistance to slip, this paper presents a mathematical model and a numerical solution approach for coupling fluid flow with fracture shearing and propagation. Numerical challenges are related to the strong coupling between hydraulic and mechanical processes, the material discontinuity the fractures represent in the medium, the wide range of spatial scales involved, and the strong effect that fracture deformation and propagation have on the physical processes. The solution approach is based on a multiscale strategy. In the macroscale model, flow in and poroelastic deformation of the matrix are coupled with the flow in the fractures and fracture contact mechanics, allowing fractures to frictionally slide. Fracture propagation is handled at the microscale, where the maximum tangential stress criterion triggers the propagation of fractures, and Paris' law governs the fracture growth processes. Simulations show how the shearing of a fracture due to fluid injection is linked to fracture propagation, including cases with hydraulically and mechanically interacting fractures.
Interpreting Teasing Through Texting: The Role of Emoji, Initialisms, Relationships, and Rejection Sensitivity in Ambiguous SMS
Creators: name: Keane, Kristen
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2022
Subjects: teasing
texting
social information processing
emoji
initialisms
social context
rejection sensitivity

description: Playful teasing is an ancient form of interaction that now occurs through computer-mediated communication. Teasing through short message service texting is examined conceptually and empirically in this dissertation. Teasing and computer-mediated communication are framed in the theoretical lens of social information processing in Chapter 1. The development of study materials and stimuli to examine teasing through texting, using iterative focus groups and online pilot data collection, are detailed in Chapter 2. The two studies that examined message features, social context, and rejection sensitivity in the context of playful teasing via texting are presented in Chapter 3. The influence of two commonly used message features (the “winking face with tongue” emoji and the “lol” initialism) on teasing text message interpretation, compared to unadorned texts, were investigated in Study 1. Rejection sensitivity was also examined in relation to interpretation. Texts with the emoji contributed to more positive interpretations compared to texts with the “lol” initialism or unadorned texts, providing the first evidence that emoji and initialism function differently in the context of teasing. The influence of social context (the sender-receiver relationship) on the interpretation of teasing texts, and the relationship between message interpretation and rejection sensitivity were examined in Study 2. Teasing texts sent by close friends were rated more positively than those from acquaintances. In both studies, higher rejection sensitivity was related to more negative interpretations of teasing texts, however, teasing texts with the emoji did not show this pattern. The studies’ findings are discussed in Chapter 4 in the context of social information processing theory and in practice, examining implications for individuals with rejection sensitivity and practices for text message composition.
Individual Variation in Heat Substitution
Creators: name: Maloney, Caroline
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2022
Subjects: evolutionary physiology
environmental physiology
energetics
thermal biology
functional ecology

description: Endotherms living in cold environments must pay the energetic cost of maintaining a high core body temperature. This cost can be potentially alleviated by an important yet often overlooked mechanism: “activity-thermoregulatory heat substitution” (i.e., the use of the heat generated by active skeletal muscles to replace heat that would have been generated by thermogenesis). While substitution has been documented numerous times, the extent of individual variation in substitution has never been quantified. I used a respirometry cage system to repeatedly measure substitution through the concomitant monitoring of metabolic rate (MR) and locomotor activity in 46 female white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) in neutral and cold ambient temperatures. I took a total of 117 measures of substitution by quantifying the difference in the slope of the relationship between MR and locomotor activity speed at two different ambient temperatures. Consistency repeatability (±se) of substitution was 0.313±0.131 – hence, about a third of the variation in substitution occurs at the among-individual level. Including key morphological traits such as trunk surface area, tail mass, heart mass, and body length accounted for the majority of the among-individual variation, suggesting that I have successfully identified traits underlying individual differences in substitution. Overall, my results show that substitution is repeatable and hence might potentially be subject to selection. Future studies should test if substitution conveys fitness advantages directly (by providing energetically cheaper activity which in turn can be utilized for reproduction), or indirectly (i.e., driven by individual differences in morphology). Future studies should also test if there is a trade-off between substitution and dry heat transfer (a thermoregulatory mechanism essential for preventing hyperthermia).
Footnotes to a conflict? Rethinking questions of class and the state in post-accession Jammu and Kashmir
Creators: name: Majumder, Debolina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Various conceptual framings have been used to approach the Kashmir conflict over the years. These accounts have portrayed Kashmir as a pawn of nation-building exercises and an existential bone of contention between nuclear-armed water-scarce India and Pakistan; as the contemporary locus of ancient ethno-religious hatreds let loose by the partition of the subcontinent; and increasingly in the broadly ‘Leftist’ circles of contemporary South Asia, as the centre-point of a confrontation between an imperial State and a dissenting indigenous populace demanding the right to freedom. This thesis offers several critiques of these approaches and suggests the employment of class- and State-theoretical paradigms to understanding the conflict. I argue that attention to the processes of capitalist transformation in Kashmir and to the changing role of securitisation in India alongside the different politico-economic projects that have captured State power and control over the process of State-building, can add complexity and dynamism to analyses of a conflict that is regularly conceived in ahistorical and politically autonomous terms. By studying class-relations in Jammu and Kashmir since the state’s controversial accession and divergent Indian State-projects since independence I advance two claims. First, “new” Kashmiri nationalist movement(s) which aspired to hegemony after accession, arose neither as an inherent tendency nursed by an incompatibility with modern Statehood or ethno-religious diversity, nor as a unique consequence of heavy-handed governance or foreign interference, but instead, as products of a particular set of socio-economic circumstances whereby cross-national and sub-national inter-class and intra-class struggles of the emerging Kashmiri bourgeoisie were deployed along “nationally relevant” parameters in order to seize State power. Second, the protraction of the insurgency in Kashmir can be understood by tracing the histories of State-sponsored securitisation as a process which initially worked to consolidate the borders of a national economy and engender national integration in pursuit of State-led development with variable social impacts, but increasingly began to be deployed to induce the militarisation of internal politics, the creation of security ‘spectacles’, and the militarisation of civil society along existing societal fault-lines, in response to the liberalisation of the Indian economy.
On the Ergodic Control of Ensembles in the Presence of Non-linear Filters
Creators: name: Kungurtsev, Vyacheslav
name: Marecek, Jakub
name: Ghosh, Ramen
name: Shorten, Robert N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In many sharing-economy applications, as well as in conventional economy applications, one wishes to regulate the behaviour of an ensemble of agents with guarantees on both the regulation of the ensemble in aggregate and the revenue or quality of service associated with each agent. Previous work [Automatica, Volume 108, 108483, arXiv:1807.03256 ] has developed guarantees of unique ergodicity when there are linear filters. Here, we extend the guarantees to systems including non-linear elements, such as non-linear filters.
Renormalization Group Analysis of Turbulent Hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Barbi, Dirk
name: Münster, Gernot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulent hydrodynamics is characterised by universal scaling properties of its structure functions. The basic framework for investigations of these functions has been set by Kolmogorov in 1941. His predictions for the scaling exponents, however, deviate from the numbers found in experiments and numerical simulations. It is a challenge for theoretical physics to derive these deviations on the basis of the Navier-Stokes equations. The renormalisation group is believed to be a very promising tool for the analysis of turbulent systems, but a derivation of the scaling properties of the structure functions has so far not been achieved. In this work, we recall the problems involved, present an approach in the framework of the exact renormalisation group to overcome them, and present first numerical results.
description: 43 pages, revised version, to be published in Physics Research International
European Strategy for Atlantic Ocean Observing
Creators: name: Buch, Eric
name: Ketelhake, Sandra
name: Larkin, Kate
name: Ott, Michael
name: Visbeck, Martin
name: DeYoung, Brad
name: Traon, Pierre-Yves Le
name: Pinto, Isabel Sousa
name: Gonzalez-Yuiros, Rafael
name: Turpin, Victor
name: Palacz, Artur
name: Tanhua, Toste
name: Pouliquen, Sylvie
name: Barbier, Michele
name: Brandt, Angelika
name: Brito, Jose Joaquin Hernandez
name: Wölfl, Anne-Cathrin
name: Brandt, Peter
name: Eparkhina, Dina
name: Fernandez, Vicente
name: Nolan, Glenn
name: Pinardi, Nadia
Publisher: name: AtlantOS
Year: 2018

description: A report on sustainability issues and long-term implementation plan for IAOOS. National and European plans for long-term implementation (organization, funding, role of the different nations, EU, role and international partners) of the Atlantic observing system will be prepared.
Entanglement entropy of highly degenerate states and fractal dimensions
Creators: name: Castro-Alvaredo, Olalla A.
name: Doyon, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the bipartite entanglement entropy of ground states of extended quantum systems with a large degeneracy. Often, as when there is a spontaneously broken global Lie group symmetry, basis elements of the lowest-energy space form a natural geometrical structure. For instance, the spins of a spin-1/2 representation, pointing in various directions, form a sphere. We show that for subsystems with a large number m of local degrees of freedom, the entanglement entropy diverges as (d/2) log m, where d is the fractal dimension of the subset of basis elements with nonzero coefficients. We interpret this result by seeing d as the (not necessarily integer) number of zero-energy Goldstone bosons describing the ground state. We suggest that this result holds quite generally for largely degenerate ground states, with potential applications to spin glasses and quenched disorder.
description: 5 pages. v2: Small changes, published version
A modular implementation of an effective interaction approach for harmonically trapped fermions in 1D
Creators: name: Rammelmüller, Lukas
name: Huber, David
name: Volosniev, Artem G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a generic and accessible implementation of an exact diagonalization method for studying few-fermion models. Our aim is to provide a testbed for the newcomers to the field as well as a stepping stone for trying out novel optimizations and approximations. This userguide consists of a description of the algorithm, and several examples in varying orders of sophistication. In particular, we exemplify our routine using an effective-interaction approach that fixes the low-energy physics. We benchmark this approach against the existing data, and show that it is able to deliver state-of-the-art numerical results at a significantly reduced computational cost.
description: 22 + 4 pages
A unified picture of phase transition: from liquid-vapour systems to AdS black holes
Creators: name: Banerjee, Rabin
name: Modak, Sujoy Kumar
name: Roychowdhury, Dibakar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on fundamental concepts of thermodynamics we examine phase transitions in black holes defined in Anti-de Sitter (AdS) spaces. The method is in line with that used a long ago to understand the liquid-vapour phase transition where the first order derivatives of Gibbs potential are discontinuous and Clausius-Clapeyron equation is satisfied. The idea here is to consider the AdS black holes as grand-canonical ensembles and study phase transition defined by the discontinuity of second order derivatives of Gibbs potential. We analytically check that this phase transition between the `smaller' and `larger' mass black holes obey Ehrenfest relations defined at the critical point and hence confirm a second order phase transition. This include both the rotating and charged black holes in Einstein gravity.
description: v3; JHEP style, 11 pages, 1 figure; title is changed, paper rewritten but basic results are unchanged, to appear in JHEP
Rayleigh and depinning instabilities of forced liquid ridges on heterogeneous substrates
Creators: name: Beltrame, Philippe
name: Knobloch, Edgar
name: Hänggi, Peter
name: Thiele, Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Depinning of two-dimensional liquid ridges and three-dimensional drops on an inclined substrate is studied within the lubrication approximation. The structures are pinned to wetting heterogeneities arising from variations of the strength of the short-range polar contribution to the disjoining pressure. The case of a periodic array of hydrophobic stripes transverse to the slope is studied in detail using a combination of direct numerical simulation and branch-following techniques. Under appropriate conditions the ridges may either depin and slide downslope as the slope is increased, or first breakup into drops via a transverse instability, prior to depinning. The different transition scenarios are examined together with the stability properties of the different possible states of the system.
description: Physics synopsis link: http://physics.aps.org/synopsis-for/10.1103/PhysRevE.83.016305
$φ_0$-Josephson junction in twisted bilayer graphene induced by a valley-polarized state
Creators: name: Xie, Ying-Ming
name: Efetov, Dmitri K.
name: Law, K. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, gate-defined Josephson junctions in magic angle twisted bilayer graphene (MATBG) were studied experimentally and highly unconventional Fraunhofer patterns were observed. In this work, we show that an interaction-driven valley-polarized state connecting two superconducting regions of MATBG would give rise to a long-sought-after purely electric controlled $φ_0$-junction in which the two superconductors acquire a finite phase difference $φ_0$ in the ground state. We point out that the emergence of the $φ_0$-junction stems from the valley-polarized state which breaks time-reversal symmetry and trigonal warping effects which break the intravalley inversion symmetry. Importantly, a spatially non-uniform valley polarization order parameter at the junction can explain the highly unconventional Fraunhofer patterns observed in the experiment. Our work explores the novel transport properties of the valley-polarized state and suggests that gate-defined MATBG Josephson junctions could realize the first purely electric controlled $φ_0$-junctions with applications in superconducting devices.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, plus Supplementary Material
$R$-matrices and Hamiltonian Structures for Certain Lax Equations
Creators: name: Wu, Chao-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper a list of $R$-matrices on a certain coupled Lie algebra is obtained. With one of these $R$-matrices, we construct infinitely many bi-Hamiltonian structures for each of the two-component BKP and the Toda lattice hierarchies. We also show that, when such two hierarchies are reduced to their subhierarchies, these bi-Hamiltonian structures are reduced correspondingly.
Handlungsempfehlungen für Open-Access-Publikationsfonds zum Einsatz der Qualitätsstandards für Open-Access-Bücher der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Universitätsverlage
Creators: name: Fokusgruppe Open-Access-Monografienfonds
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Open Access
Bücher
Publikationsfonds
Förderung
Qualitätsstandards

description: Diese Handlungsempfehlungen möchten Einrichtungen, die Publikationsfonds für Open-Access-Bücher betreiben, eine Hilfestellung für die Anwendung der Qualitätsstandards für Open-Access-Bücher der Arbeitsgemeinschaft Universitätsverlage bieten. Sie richten sich konkret an die zuständigen Mitarbeiter:innen, die die Einhaltung der Qualitätsstandards prüfen. Dies ist besonders relevant, da die Qualitätsstandards im Förderprogramm Open-Access-Publikationskosten der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) für Open-Access-Bücher als verbindlich gelten.
Electron mass variation from dark sector interactions and compatibility with cosmological observations
Creators: name: Hoshiya, Kouki
name: Toda, Yo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the model where electrons and dark matter interact with dark energy through the rolling of a scalar field which comes from extra dimensional theories such as the braneworld theory and Brans-Dicke theory. In this model, dark energy couples to dark matter and electrons, which leads to larger values of the mass energies of dark matter and electrons in the early universe. We also fit our model to the cosmological data. By analyzing the data from Planck, baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO), light curves (Pantheon), and type-Ia supernovae (SH0ES), it can be seen that the Hubble tension is relieved in our model and the coupling parameter prefers a non-zero value with a significance of over 2σ.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, version published in Phys. Rev. D
Shear and bulk viscous coefficients of a hot and chirally imbalanced quark matter using NJL model
Creators: name: Ghosh, Snigdha
name: Chaudhuri, Nilanjan
name: Roy, Pradip
name: Sarkar, Sourav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shear $η$ and bulk $ζ$ viscous coefficients have been calculated in a hot and chirally asymmetric quark matter quantified in terms of a chiral chemical potential (CCP) using the two-flavor Nambu-Jona--Lasinio (NJL) model. This is done by employing the one-loop Green-Kubo formalism where the viscous coefficients have been extracted from the long-wavelength limit of the in-medium spectral function corresponding to the energy momentum tensor (EMT) current correlator calculated using the real time formalism of finite temperature field theory. The momentum dependent thermal width of the quark/antiquark that enters into the expression of the viscosities as a dynamical input containing interactions, has been obtained from the $2\to2$ scattering processes mediated via the collective mesonic modes in scalar and pseudoscalar chanels encoded in respective in-medium polarization functions having explicit temperature and CCP dependence. Several thermodynamic quantities such as pressure, energy density, entropy density $(s)$, specific heat and isentropic speed of sound have also been calculated at finite CCP. The temperature and CCP dependence of the viscosity to entropy density ratios $η/s$ and $ζ/s$ have also been studied.
description: Version published in Physical Review D
A Study of Cepheids in M81 with the Large Binocular Telescope (Efficiently Calibrated with HST)
Creators: name: Gerke, J. R.
name: Kochanek, C. S.
name: Prieto, J. L.
name: Stanek, K. Z.
name: Macri, L. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify and phase a sample of 107 Cepheids with 10
description: 45 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables, appeared in The Astrophysical Journal