cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cooperatives and Contracting in Agriculture: The Case of West Liberty Foods
Creators: name: Ginder, Roger G.
name: Hueth, Brent
name: Marcoul, Philippe
name: Ginder, Roger G.
name: Hueth, Brent
name: Marcoul, Philippe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Cooperatives
subject: procurement
subject: financial contracting
subject: agriculture

description: The West Liberty Foods turkey cooperative was formed in 1996 to purchase the assets and assume operations of Louis Rich Foods (an investor-owned processing firm), which, at the time, announced the imminent shutdown of its West Liberty, Iowa, processing facility. We study the creation and performance of this "new generation" cooperative using field interviews with grower members and company management. We describe changes, before and after the buyout, in the contractual apparatus used for procuring live turkeys, and in the communication requirements, work expectations, and financial positions of growers. During the private ownership period, most of the inputs (except labor and facilities) were provided by the firm; there was substantial supervision of the growers' actions; growers faced little price and production risk; and growers' equity was due largely to ownership of land and other farm assets. Our interviews reveal that, after cooperative formation, growers were exposed to considerable additional risk; monitoring of growers by the firm was less intensive; grower time and effort commitments to turkey production increased substantially; and a significant fraction of firm (cooperative) equity came from growers' willingness to leverage their farm and personal assets (and hence indirectly their existing relationships with local lenders). We argue that some of these changes are consistent with a financial contract where asset pledging and its corollary risk generate higher work effort by growers and a reduction in agency rents. These economies likely compensate for an organizational deadweight loss traditionally associated with cooperative governance.
Porella caespitans var. cordifolia T. Katag. et T. Yamag., Bryol. Res.
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Porellales
Porellaceae
Porella
Porella caespitans
Porella caespitans var. cordifolia (steph.) s.hatt. ex t.katag. et t.yamag.,

description: Porella caespitans var. cordifolia (Steph.) S.Hatt. ex T.Katag. et T.Yamag.,
Bryol. Res. 10 (5): 133, 2011 (see Katagiri & Yamaguchi 2011). BASIONYM: Madotheca cordifolia Steph., Sp. Hepat. (Stephani) 4: 315, 1910 (see Stephani 1910).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 73, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
A Survey on Verification and Validation, Testing and Evaluations of Neurosymbolic Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Renkhoff, Justus
name: Feng, Ke
name: Meier-Doernberg, Marc
name: Velasquez, Alvaro
name: Song, Houbing Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neurosymbolic artificial intelligence (AI) is an emerging branch of AI that combines the strengths of symbolic AI and sub-symbolic AI. A major drawback of sub-symbolic AI is that it acts as a "black box", meaning that predictions are difficult to explain, making the testing & evaluation (T&E) and validation & verification (V&V) processes of a system that uses sub-symbolic AI a challenge. Since neurosymbolic AI combines the advantages of both symbolic and sub-symbolic AI, this survey explores how neurosymbolic applications can ease the V&V process. This survey considers two taxonomies of neurosymbolic AI, evaluates them, and analyzes which algorithms are commonly used as the symbolic and sub-symbolic components in current applications. Additionally, an overview of current techniques for the T&E and V&V processes of these components is provided. Furthermore, it is investigated how the symbolic part is used for T&E and V&V purposes in current neurosymbolic applications. Our research shows that neurosymbolic AI as great potential to ease the T&E and V&V processes of sub-symbolic AI by leveraging the possibilities of symbolic AI. Additionally, the applicability of current T&E and V&V methods to neurosymbolic AI is assessed, and how different neurosymbolic architectures can impact these methods is explored. It is found that current T&E and V&V techniques are partly sufficient to test, evaluate, verify, or validate the symbolic and sub-symbolic part of neurosymbolic applications independently, while some of them use approaches where current T&E and V&V methods are not applicable by default, and adjustments or even new approaches are needed. Our research shows that there is great potential in using symbolic AI to test, evaluate, verify, or validate the predictions of a sub-symbolic model, making neurosymbolic AI an interesting research direction for safe, secure, and trustworthy AI.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Dilating on life : Ani Difranco’s musical structuring of subjectivity and pleasure in Dilate
Creators: name: Harrison, Adelia Honeywood
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The experience of subjectivity provided by an art form can consist of the sense of "recognizing ourselves, our feelings, our bodies, our beliefs, or our social positions" in the art work (Middleton, 1990). For fans of guitarist-singer-songwriter Ani DiFranco, the identification with a subjective reality experienced in her music is powerful and pleasurable enough to inspire them with ardent devotion. Ani DiFranco's influence may not be simply reduced to her media image as a bisexual feminist, with fanatically obsessive and possessive fans, who has achieved stunning financial success completely independent of any major recording label. It cannot be simply reduced to her left-wing, politically charged lyrics, or her highly personalized autobiographical narratives. Nor has her success been limited to audiences of a particular sub-cultural group that share identity politics. The major force behind the "DiFranco phenomenon" is the music itself. This paper posits the thesis that meaning in DiFranco's music is not simply dependent on cultural influence and reception, but that musical structures play a crucial role in creating meaning and subjective experience for DiFranco's fans. Analysis of musical structures operating in four songs from DiFranco's 1996 album Dilate examines how these structures work to convey a particular sensual, emotional, and temporal reality. Emphasis is placed on various facets of performance that are essential to musical connotations of meaning. The concluding section discusses DiFranco's music as a site for sharing pleasures of identification, emotional communion, physical agency, and empowerment. Also examined is the volatility of a performer-fan relationship based on emotional investment and identification, one that is balanced precariously on the tensions between the personal and the political. The appropriation of the music's perceived messages by particular groups as representative of their own value systems poses as many challenges to artistic integrity as does the commercialism of the music industry.
Ice front shaping by upward convective current
Creators: name: Wang, Ziqi
name: Jiang, Linfeng
name: Du, Yihong
name: Sun, Chao
name: Calzavarini, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extent and the morphology of ice forming in a differentially heated cavity filled with water is studied by means of experiments and numerical simulations. We show that the main mechanism responsible for the ice shaping is the existence of a cold upward convective current in the system. Such a current is ascribed to the peculiar equation of state of water, i.e., the non-monotonous dependence of density with temperature. The precise form of the ice front depends on several factors, first the temperature difference across the cell which drives the convection, second the wall inclination with respect to the vertical, both of which are here explored. We propose a boundary-layer model and a buoyancy-intensity model which account for the main features of the ice morphology.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures + supplementary material (Phys. Rev. Fluids in press)
Estimation and Welfare Calculations in a Generalized Corner Solution Model with an Application to Recreation Demand
Creators: name: Phaneuf, Daniel J.
name: Kling, Catherine L.
name: Herriges, Joseph A.
name: Phaneuf, Daniel J.
name: Kling, Catherine L.
name: Herriges, Joseph A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The Kuhn-Tucker model of Wales and Woodland (1983) provides a utility theoretic framework for estimating preferences over commodities for which individuals choose not to consume one or more of the goods. Due to the complexity of the model, however, there have been few applications in the literature and little attention has been paid to the problems of welfare analysis within the Kuhn-Tucker framework. This paper provides an application of the model to the problem of recreation demand. In addition, we develop and apply a methodology for estimating compensating variation, relying on Monte Carlo integration to derive expected welfare changes.
Supplementary material from Evaluation of synergistic image registration for motion-corrected coronary NaF-PET-MR
Creators: name: Mayer, Johannes
name: Yining Jin
name: Thomas-Heinrich Wurster
name: Makowski, Marcus R.
name: Kolbitsch, Christoph
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 29903 Medical Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is caused by the formation of plaques in the coronary arteries and is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases. NaF-PET can be used to assess plaque composition which could be important for therapy planning. One of the main challenges of NaF-PET is cardiac and respiratory motion which can strongly impair diagnostic accuracy. In this study, we investigated the use of a synergistic image registration approach which combined motion-resolved MR and PET data to estimate cardiac and respiratory motion. This motion estimation could then be used to improve the NaF-PET image quality. The approach was evaluated with numerical simulations and in vivo scans of patients suffering from CAD. In numerical simulations, it was shown, that combining MR and PET information can improve the accuracy of motion estimation by more than 15%. For the in vivo scans, the synergistic image registration led to an improvement in uptake visualization. This is the first study to assess the benefit of combining MR and NaF-PET for cardiac and respiratory motion estimation. Further patient evaluation is required to fully evaluate the potential of this approach.This article is part of the XX ‘Synergistic tomographic image reconstruction (Part 1)’.
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Bejer, Otto
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1815

description: VS' regnskaper + vedlegg
description: 7 ark. Polydoc nr. 1: 1174. Polydoc nr. 2: 573.
Rankings of Risk Management Strategies Combining Crop Insurance Products and Marketing Positions
Creators: name: Hart, Chad E.
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
name: Hart, Chad E.
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: Farmers can choose from a wide selection of crop insurance products and marketing strategies. Combinations of these risk management tools have varying effects on the user's risk environment. Nine risk management strategies are ranked for their impacts on average returns, certainty equivalent returns, and risk premiums. The analysis is conducted using historical price and yield data for 1976 to 1999 in five Iowa counties. The results show the benefits of crop insurance in reducing revenue risk. Also, given that the producer will forward contract some of his or her crop, the combination of E-Markets' Decision Rules for Contracts (DRC) pricing tool and Crop Revenue Coverage (CRC) crop insurance receives the highest ranking.
РОЛЬ ГОСУДАРСТВА В РАЗРАБОТКЕ ИННОВАЦИОННЫХ ЛЕКАРСТВ
Creators: name: УЛУМБЕКОВА ГУЗЕЛЬ ЭРНСТОВНА
name: ХУДОВА ИРИНА ЮРЬЕВНА
Publisher: name: ОРГЗДРАВ: Новости. Мнения. Обучение. Вестник ВШОУЗ
Year: 2020
Subjects: ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ ОТРАСЛЬ
НОВЫЕ ЛЕКАРСТВЕННЫЕ ПРЕПАРАТЫ
ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЕ ПРОГРАММЫ ИННОВАЦИОННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧЕСКОЙ ОТРАСЛИ
PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
NEW DRUGS
CHOICE OF PRIORITIES IN DRUG DEVELOPMENT
STATE PROGRAMS FOR INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY

description: Статья посвящена анализу макропоказателей состояния фармацевтической отрасли и государственной политики, направленной на ускорение разработки и внедрения новых лекарственных препаратов (ЛП), в РФ, США, странах Евросоюза (ЕС), Южной Корее и Китае. Описаны цели и конкретные меры в этом направлении, среди них: увеличение государственных вложений и привлечение частного капитала для инвестиций в научно-исследовательские работы (НИР) и поддержки производства новых ЛП, ускорение регистрации и вывода на рынок новых ЛП, расширение рынков их сбыта, подготовка квалифицированных кадров для фармацевтической отрасли. Показано, что государственные программы поддержки инновационного развития фармацевтической отрасли активно реализуются не только в странах, которые традиционно лидируют в этом направлении (США и ЕС), но и в Южной Корее и Китае. На основе анализа этих программ для РФ рекомендовано увеличить государственное финансирование НИР как минимум в 8 раз, увеличить объемы государственных закупок ЛП, а также разработать межведомственную систему управления этим процессом.The article is devoted to the analysis of macro indicators of the pharmaceutical industry and government policy aimed at stimulating the development and introduction of new drugs (medicinal products) in Russia, USA, EU (UK), South Korea and China. The objectives and certain measures in this direction are described, namely: increase of state investments and private funds for investments in research and development (R&D) and support of new drugs production, their stimulation of registration and marketing, support when entering the markets, marketing development, training of qualified personnel for the pharmaceutical industry. It has been shown that state programs to support the innovative development of the pharmaceutical industry are being actively implemented not only in the countries that traditionally lead in this area (USA and EU), but also in South Korea and China. Based on the analysis of these programs, it is recommended for the Russian Federation: to increase state funding for R&D by minimum 8 times, to expand the market for medications by increasing the volume of state purchases of medications, as well as to develop an intergovernmental management system.
B-Meson Mixing and Lifetimes
Creators: name: Tarantino, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $B_d$ and $B_s$ meson systems play a fundamental role to test and improve our understanding of Standard Model flavor dynamics. The mixing parameters $Δm_{d,s}$ represent important constraints in the unitarity triangle analysis. Their theoretical estimates require non-perturbative calculations of B-meson decay constants and B-parameters; accurate results, recently obtained from the lattice, are reviewed. Other phenomenologically interesting quantities are the beauty hadron lifetime ratios and, the width differences and CP-violation parameters in $B_d$ and $B_s$ systems. We discuss their theoretical predictions which, in the last four years, have been improved thanks to accurate lattice calculations and next-to-leading order perturbative computations.
description: 5 pages, 1 table, 3 figures, talk given at Beauty 2005 (Assisi, June 20-24, 2005)
Supplementary Figures and Equations from Which GAN? A comparative study of generative adversarial network-based fast MRI reconstruction
Creators: name: Lv, Jun
name: Zhu, Jin
name: Yang, Guang
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 90303 Biomedical Instrumentation
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: 29903 Medical Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 80702 Health Informatics
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 80106 Image Processing

description: Fast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is crucial for clinical applications that can alleviate motion artefacts and increase patient throughput. K-space undersampling is an obvious approach to accelerate MR acquisition. However, undersampling of k-space data can result in blurring and aliasing artefacts for the reconstructed images. Recently, several studies have been proposed to use deep learning-based data-driven models for MRI reconstruction and have obtained promising results. However, the comparison of these methods remains limited because the models have not been trained on the same datasets and the validation strategies may be different. The purpose of this work is to conduct a comparative study to investigate the generative adversarial network (GAN)-based models for MRI reconstruction. We reimplemented and benchmarked four widely used GAN-based architectures including DAGAN, ReconGAN, RefineGAN and KIGAN. These four frameworks were trained and tested on brain, knee and liver MRI images using twofold, fourfold and sixfold accelerations, respectively, with a random undersampling mask. Both quantitative evaluations and qualitative visualization have shown that the RefineGAN method has achieved superior performance in reconstruction with better accuracy and perceptual quality compared to other GAN-based methods.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Synergistic tomographic image reconstruction (part 1)’.
User-item matching for recommendation fairness
Creators: name: Dong, Qiang
name: Xie, Shuang-Shuang
name: Li, Wen-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As we all know, users and item-providers are two main parties of participants in recommender systems. However, most existing research efforts on recommendation were focused on better serving users and overlooked the purpose of item-providers. This paper is devoted to improve the item exposure fairness for item-providers' objective, and keep the recommendation accuracy not decreased or even improved for users' objective. We propose to set stock volume constraints on items, to be specific, limit the maximally allowable recommended times of an item to be proportional to the frequency of its being interacted in the past, which is validated to achieve superior item exposure fairness to common recommenders and thus mitigates the Matthew Effect on item popularity. With the two constraints of pre-existing recommendation length of users and our stock volumes of items, a heuristic strategy based on normalized scores and a Minimum Cost Maximum Flow (MCMF) based model are proposed to solve the optimal user-item matching problem, whose accuracy performances are even better than that of baseline algorithm in regular recommendation context, and in line with state-of-the-art enhancement of the baseline. What's more, our MCMF based strategy is parameter-free, while those counterpart algorithms have to resort to parameter traversal process to achieve their best performance.
Accommodating Imperfect Competition in A Model of World Peanut Trade
Creators: name: Fletcher, Stanley M.
name: Nadolnyak, Denis A.
name: Fletcher, Stanley M.
name: Nadolnyak, Denis A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: trade
subject: peanuts
subject: strategic behavior
subject: tariffs
subject: TRQs
subject: subsidies

description: In this paper, we make an attempt to rationalize the strategic behavior of major peanut exporting and importing countries in the framework of imperfectly competitive markets with the focus on the global and inter-American peanut trade. This study is motivated by the fact that liberalizing imperfectly competitive and often distorted markets can have unorthodox effects, in particular increase the incentives to overuse certain trade policies. The results suggest that the South American peanut producers stand to benefit from the reductions in the U.S. peanut production supports but, paradoxically, preservation of a tariff may still be mutually welfare enhancing. In the broader context of global peanut trade, multi-lateral tariff reduction increases the low-cost exporters' incentives to subsidize export production, which benefits the consumers but hurts the higher-cost producers.
MoS$_2$ flake as a van der Waals homostructure: luminescence properties and optical anisotropy
Creators: name: Kotova, Lyubov V.
name: Rakhlin, Maxim V.
name: Galimov, Aidar I.
name: Eliseyev, Ilya A.
name: Borodin, Bogdan R.
name: Platonov, Alexey V.
name: Kirilenko, Demid A.
name: Poshakinskiy, Alexander V.
name: Shubina, Tatiana V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated multilayer plates made by exfoliation from a high-quality MoS$_2$ crystal and reveal that they represent a new object - van der Waals homostructure consisting of a bulk core and a few detached monolayers on its surface. This architecture comprising elements with different electron band structure leads to specific luminescence, when the broad emission band from the core is cut by the absorption peaks of strong exciton resonances in the surface monolayers. The exfoliated flakes exhibit strong optical anisotropy. We have observed a conversion of normally incident light polarization to $15\%$ in transmission geometry. This background effect is due to fluctuations of the c axis relative to the normal, whereas the pronounced resonance contribution is explained by the polarization anisotropy of excitons localized in the stripes of dissected surface monolayers.
Pseudomarsupidium borneensis Vana, L. Soderstr., A. Hagborg et von Konrat, Phytotaxa
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Adelanthaceae
Pseudomarsupidium
Pseudomarsupidium borneensis

description: Pseudomarsupidium borneensis (Grolle) Váňa, L.Söderstr., A.Hagborg et von Konrat,
Phytotaxa 65: 60, 2012 (see Váňa et al. 2012f). BASIONYM: Adelanthus borneensis Grolle, J. Hattori Bot. Lab. 35: 362, 1972 (see Grolle 1972 a).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 73, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Structural changes of diblock copolymer melts due to an external electric field: a self-consistent field theory study
Creators: name: Lin, Chin-Yet
name: Schick, Michael
name: Andelman, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase behavior of diblock copolymers in presence of an external electric field. We employ self-consistent field theory and treat the relevant Maxwell equation as an additional self-consistent equation. Because we do not treat the electric field perturbatively, we can examine its effects even when its magnitude is large. The electric field couples to the system's morphology only through the difference between the dielectric constants of the two blocks. We find that an external field aligns a body-centered cubic phase along the (111) direction, reducing its symmetry group to $R{\bar 3}m$. Transitions between this phase and the disordered or hexagonal phases can occur for external electric fields ranging from a minimum to a maximum value beyond which the $R{\bar 3m}$ phase disappears completely. This electric-field range depends on diblock architecture and temperature. We present several cuts through the phase diagram in the space of temperature, architecture and applied field, including one applicable to a system recently studied.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Macromolecules on February 25,2005
МЕДИЦИНСКОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ В ПЕРИОД ПАНДЕМИИ COVID-19: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПУТИ РЕШЕНИЯ
Creators: name: АЛЕКСЕЕВА АЛЕКСАНДРА ЮРЬЕВНА
name: БАЛКИЗОВ ЗАЛИМ ЗАМИРОВИЧ
Publisher: name: Медицинское образование и профессиональное развитие
Year: 2020
Subjects: МЕДИЦИНСКОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ
ДИСТАНЦИОННОЕ ОБУЧЕНИЕ
ЭЛЕКТРОННОЕ ОБУЧЕНИЕ
ОНЛАЙН-ОБУЧЕНИЕ
COVID-19
MEDICAL EDUCATION
DISTANT LEARNING
E-LEARNING
ONLINE LEARNING

description: Овременное образование, в том числе и медицинское, в настоящее время испытывает небывалые трудности, вызванные растущей заболеваемостью новой коронавирусной инфекцией. Трудности связаны в первую очередь с тем, что большинство образовательных учреждений как в России, так и по всему миру, вынужденно перешли на дистанционный режим работы. Таким образом, образовательные организации, а в особенности преподаватели, столкнулись с незнакомой ситуацией, и многие не знают, как в этих новых условиях поддерживать обучающихся, соблюдать учебный план и готовить студентов к предстоящим экзаменам. В настоящем обзоре мы постарались осветить большинство проблем, связанных с переходом к дистанционному и электронному обучению, проведению экзаменов в период пандемии, а также дать практические советы и подсказки, которые помогут адаптироваться к этому переходу быстро и мягко.
New Attractors and Area Codes
Creators: name: Giryavets, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we give multiple examples of the recently proposed New Attractors describing supersymmetric flux vacua and non-supersymmetric extremal black holes in IIB string theory. Examples of non-supersymmetric extremal black hole attractors arise on a hypersurface in $WP^{4}_{1,1,1,1,2}$. For flux vacua on the orientifold of the same hypersurface existence of multiple basins of attraction is established. It is explained that certain fluxes may give rise to multiple supersymmetric flux vacua in a finite region on moduli space, say at the Landau-Ginzburg point and close to conifold point. This suggests the existence of multiple basins for flux vacua and domain walls in the landscape for a fixed flux and at interior points in moduli space.
description: 16 pages, harvmac. v2: acknowledgement updated
Quantifying and controlling entanglement in the quantum magnet Cs$_2$CoCl$_4$
Creators: name: Laurell, Pontus
name: Scheie, Allen
name: Mukherjee, Chiron J.
name: Koza, Michael M.
name: Enderle, Mechtild
name: Tylczynski, Zbigniew
name: Okamoto, Satoshi
name: Coldea, Radu
name: Tennant, D. Alan
name: Alvarez, Gonzalo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lack of methods to experimentally detect and quantify entanglement in quantum matter impedes our ability to identify materials hosting highly entangled phases, such as quantum spin liquids. We thus investigate the feasibility of using inelastic neutron scattering (INS) to implement a model-independent measurement protocol for entanglement based on three entanglement witnesses: one-tangle, two-tangle, and quantum Fisher information (QFI). We perform high-resolution INS measurements on Cs$_2$CoCl$_4$, a close realization of the $S=1/2$ transverse-field XXZ spin chain, where we can control entanglement using the magnetic field, and compare with density-matrix renormalization group calculations for validation. The three witnesses allow us to infer entanglement properties and make deductions about the quantum state in the material. We find QFI to be a particularly robust experimental probe of entanglement, whereas the one- and two-tangles require more careful analysis. Our results lay the foundation for a general entanglement detection protocol for quantum spin systems.
description: Main text: 7 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary Information: 15 pages, 15 figures
Land Reform and Development of Agricultural Land Markets in Russia
Creators: name: Lerman, Zvi
name: Shagaida, Natalya
name: Lerman, Zvi
name: Shagaida, Natalya
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Russia has experienced dramatic changes in land ownership and tenure since 1991, but the development of land markets is still circumscribed by inadequate administrative and technical infrastructure. The paper discusses the evolving legal framework for land reform, the impacts on privatization and ownership of agricultural land, and the emergence of land market transactions.
РОЛЬ СТУДЕНЧЕСКОГО НАУЧНОГО КРУЖКА В СТРУКТУРЕ ВЫСШЕГО МЕДИЦИНСКОГО О ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
Creators: name: ФЕДУЛАЕВ ЮРИЙ НИКОЛАЕВИЧ
name: ОРЛОВА НАТАЛЬЯ ВАСИЛЬЕВНА
name: КАМИНЕР ДМИТРИЙ ДМИТРИЕВИЧ
name: ЧУПРАКОВА АНАСТАСИЯ ЮРЬЕВНА
name: САВИНА ДАРЬЯ ВЛАДИМИРОВНА
name: ЛОМАЙЧИКОВ ВАЛЕРИЙ ВАЛЕРЬЕВИЧ
name: ПИНЧУК ТАТЬЯНА ВИТАЛЬЕВНА
Publisher: name: Медицинское образование и профессиональное развитие
Year: 2020
Subjects: STUDENTS' SCIENTIFIC CIRCLE
OLYMPIADS
HIGHER EDUCATION
MEDICINE
DOCTOR
SKILLS
SPECIALIZATION
СТУДЕНЧЕСКИЙ НАУЧНЫЙ КРУЖОК
ОЛИМПИАДЫ
ВЫСШЕЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ
МЕДИЦИНА
ВРАЧ
НАВЫКИ
СПЕЦИАЛИЗАЦИЯ

description: Современная подготовка в медицинском высшем учебном заведении требует от студента освоения большого блока теоретических знаний и практических навыков. Повышение качества образования во многом зависит от мотивации студента и использования в образовании инновационных форм обучения. Студенческие научные кружки позволяют студентам не только повысить качество профессиональных знаний, но и выбрать дальнейшую специализацию, способствуют освоению навыков научно-исследовательской работы, повышают активность и чувство ответственности студентов, дают им опыт организационной и публикационной деятельности. Участники научных студенческих кружков в дальнейшем могут остановить свой выбор на профессии ученого или преподавателя, что способствует поддержанию кадрового состава высших учебных учреждений. Нами был проведен опрос-анкетирование студентов III-VI курсов педиатрического факультета ФГАОУ ВО РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова Минздрава России с целью изучения приоритетов участников научного студенческого кружка. Всего приняли участие 129 студентов. Проведенный анализ итогов анкетирования членов студенческого научного кружка факультетской терапии показывает, что главная их мотивация приобретение практических навыков, углубление теоретических знаний и участие в научно-исследовательской работе. Студенты отмечали положительное значение участия в олимпиадах и конференциях, что требовало от них дополнительного углубленного изучения предмета, умения работать в команде, повышало чувство ответственности. Среди причин посещения научного студенческого кружка второстепенное значение имеют получение дополнительных баллов при поступлении в ординатуру, а также потенциальное влияние на итоги экзамена для членов студенческих кружков. Студенческие научные кружки способствуют формированию у будущих врачей потребности в систематическом повышении профессионального уровня в соответствии с современными достижениями медицины. Студенческие научные кружки дополняют и совершенствуют подготовку в высшем учебном заведении.
Measuring Brand Preferences Among U.S. Meat Consumers with Probit Models
Creators: name: Ward, Ronald W.
name: Ferrara, Oscar
name: Ward, Ronald W.
name: Ferrara, Oscar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: Probit models based on household diaries show the likelihood for buying beef, fish, pork and poultry by brand. Brand preferences for each meat type are estimated and the impacts of a range of variables are ranked according to the likelihood of buying branded meats.
The Choice of Farm Organization. A Hungarian Case
Creators: name: Ferto, Imre
name: Fogarasi, Jozsef
name: Ferto, Imre
name: Fogarasi, Jozsef
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Farm Management

description: The literature on the agricultural transformation in Central an Eastern European countries usually neglect the investigation of organizational forms in agriculture. This paper is the first to analyze the choice of organization forms in transition agriculture employing transaction cost theory. The analysis is based on Hungarian FADN data in 2003. In general, our results do not support the theoretical predictions on the choice of farm organization, but confirm the differences in capital level and farm area observed in different farm organizations. The divergence between theory and empirics shed light on the importance of path dependency in explaining of farm organizations.
Semimetalic antiferromagnetism in the half-Heusler compound CuMnSb
Creators: name: Jeong, T.
name: Weht, Ruben
name: Pickett, W. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The half-Heusler compound CuMnSb, the first antiferromagnet (AFM) in the Mn-based class of Heuslers and half-Heuslers that contains several conventional and half metallic ferromagnets, shows a peculiar stability of its magnetic order in high magnetic fields. Density functional based studies reveal an unusual nature of its unstable (and therefore unseen) paramagnetic state, which for one electron less (CuMnSn, for example) would be a zero gap semiconductor (accidentally so) between two sets of very narrow, topologically separate bands of Mn 3d character. The extremely flat Mn 3d bands result from the environment: Mn has four tetrahedrally coordinated Cu atoms whose 3d states lie well below the Fermi level, and the other four tetrahedrally coordinated sites are empty, leaving chemically isolated Mn 3d states. The AFM phase can be pictured heuristically as a self-doped Cu$^{1+}$Mn$^{2+}$Sb$^{3-}$ compensated semimetal with heavy mass electrons and light mass holes, with magnetic coupling proceeding through Kondo and/or antiKondo coupling separately through the two carrier types. The ratio of the linear specific heat coefficient and the calculated Fermi level density of states indicates a large mass enhancement $m^*/m \sim 5$, or larger if a correlated band structure is taken as the reference.
МНЕМОНИЧЕСКОЕ ОБУЧЕНИЕ ВАРИАНТНОЙ АНАТОМИИ АРТЕРИЙ НА ОСНОВЕ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ANATOMAGE TABLE
Creators: name: МУРАШОВ ОЛЕГ ВАСИЛЬЕВИЧ
name: ИВАНОВА НАТАЛЬЯ ВЛАДИМИРОВНА
Publisher: name: Медицинское образование и профессиональное развитие
Year: 2020
Subjects: АРТЕРИИ
ВАРИАНТНАЯ АНАТОМИЯ
АРТЕРИАЛЬНАЯ СЕТЬ
АНАСТОМОЗ
ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ
СКРИНШОТ
ARTERIES
VARIANT ANATOMY ARTERIAL NETWORK
ANASTOMOSE
INDIVIDUAL FEATURES
SCREENSHOT

description: В статье представлено мнемоническое обучение студентов вариантной анатомии артерий, осуществляющих кровоснабжение верхних конечностей, с применением компьютерной программы анатомического стола (метода компьютерной обработки информации). Было выполнено исследование этих артерий у 4 трупов, 2 женских и 2 мужских, на основе использования Anatomage Table EDU 6.0.2. После выделения кровеносных сосудов были сделаны скриншоты. Полученные графические изображения позволили выявить индивидуальные особенности исследуемых артерий.
Supporting Information from Variable dosage compensation is associated with female consequences of an X-linked, male-beneficial mutation
Creators: name: Rayner, Jack G.
name: Hitchcock, Thomas J.
name: Bailey, Nathan W.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: Further information about methodology and results
Impact of Water Supply Limitations from Federal Decisions in South Texas
Creators: name: Robinson, John R.C.
name: Michelsen, Ari M.
name: Gollehon, Noel R.
name: Robinson, John R.C.
name: Michelsen, Ari M.
name: Gollehon, Noel R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: water
subject: irrigation
subject: Rio Grande
subject: optimization

description: This study extends and refines a previous model and provides estimates of the economic value of water shortages from shortfalls in Mexican deliveries to the U.S. In the process, we identify and evaluate a range of crop choices, appropriate irrigation technology use, water source substitution, and other mitigation strategies used by farmers to deal with water shortages. The effects of exogenous crop price and yield risk, as well as and other structural considerations are incorporated in deriving the marginal value of irrigation water for reference drought years. Results show that South Texas farmers react to risk by diversifying their crop mix, which in turn has implications for the imputed value of water and soil resources. The derived shadow price of water under 1998 conditions was larger than the average value of water used in previous estimates of damages from Mexican water treaty non-compliance. The higher estimated value of water and losses are driven in part by empirical evidence and the associated model conditions that producers are willing to pay high costs to protect their investment in orchards and perennial crops such as sugar cane and that hydrologic and institutional constraints severely limit access and transfers of water especially under shortage conditions. Assuming hypothetical Mexican inflows up to 500,000 ac-ft into the U.S. reservoirs in 1998, the shadow price of water at the farm gate would have declined from over $400 per ac-ft to below $100 per ac-ft.
Getting Something From Nothing: An Investigation of Beef Demand Expansion and Substitution in the Presence of Quality Heterogeneity
Creators: name: Gunderson, Michael A.
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Norwood, F. Bailey
name: Gunderson, Michael A.
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Norwood, F. Bailey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: A relative increase in demand for quality can have one of two potentially countervailing effects: it can cause substitution of one quality for another and/or it might expand overall demand by bringing new consumers into the market. This article investigates demand expansion and substitution among beef qualities by exploiting the use of a no-purchase option in a nonhypothetical choice experiment involving real food and real money. A random parameters logit model, which permits very flexible substitution patterns, is used to show that expanding demand for high quality rib-eye steak increases revenue by a greater degree than expanding demand for low quality steak. Regardless of whether high or low quality demand is expanded, the expansion effect dominates the substitution effect. We also show that the introduction of a new "natural" steak causes a greater reduction in market share for high quality than low quality beef, but despite this overall steak demand increases. These results have important implications for the manner in which collective advertising is conducted and for the effects of new product introductions on industry profitability.
MedMNIST Classification Decathlon: A Lightweight AutoML Benchmark for Medical Image Analysis
Creators: name: Yang, Jiancheng
name: Shi, Rui
name: Ni, Bingbing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present MedMNIST, a collection of 10 pre-processed medical open datasets. MedMNIST is standardized to perform classification tasks on lightweight 28x28 images, which requires no background knowledge. Covering the primary data modalities in medical image analysis, it is diverse on data scale (from 100 to 100,000) and tasks (binary/multi-class, ordinal regression and multi-label). MedMNIST could be used for educational purpose, rapid prototyping, multi-modal machine learning or AutoML in medical image analysis. Moreover, MedMNIST Classification Decathlon is designed to benchmark AutoML algorithms on all 10 datasets; We have compared several baseline methods, including open-source or commercial AutoML tools. The datasets, evaluation code and baseline methods for MedMNIST are publicly available at https://medmnist.github.io/.
description: ISBI 2021. Code and dataset are available at https://medmnist.github.io/
Nitrogen as a Capital Input and Stock Pollutant: A Dynamic Analysis of Corn Production and Nitrogen Leaching under Non-Uniform Irrigation
Creators: name: Schwabe, Kurt A.
name: Knapp, Keith C.
name: Schwabe, Kurt A.
name: Knapp, Keith C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: A spatially dynamic programming model of nonuniform irrigation is developed to investigate the nitrogen leaching problem associated with irrigated agriculture. We evaluate the importance of temporal and spatial elements in (i) appropriately modeling the interseasonal corn production problem with nitrogen carry-over and leaching under non-uniform irrigation, and (ii) in adequately evaluating alternative policy instruments for pollution control. Comparisons of the time profiles under spatially variable nitrogen levels arising from nonuniform irrigation are provided along with an evaluation of three different price-based policy instruments for reducing nitrogen leaching.
Pycnolejeunea gradsteinii Ilk.
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Porellales
Lejeuneaceae
Pycnolejeunea
Pycnolejeunea gradsteinii

description: Pycnolejeunea gradsteinii Ilk.-Borg.,
Bol. Inst. Bot. (São Paulo) 21 (1): 1, 2011 (see Ilkiu-Borges 2011).
TYPE: “ BRAZIL. Para: Melgacão, Caxiuana National Forest, Ferreira Penna Research Station, Tijucaquara creek, terra firme forest, on living trunk, 9-I -1999, A.L Ilkiu-Borges & C.E. Zartman 1294 (holotypus, MG)”.
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 73, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
EV-EcoSim: A grid-aware co-simulation platform for the design and optimization of electric vehicle charging infrastructure
Creators: name: Balogun, Emmanuel
name: Buechler, Elizabeth
name: Bhela, Siddharth
name: Onori, Simona
name: Rajagopal, Ram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: To enable the electrification of transportation systems, it is important to understand how technologies such as grid storage, solar photovoltaic systems, and control strategies can aid the deployment of electric vehicle charging at scale. In this work, we present EV-EcoSim, a co-simulation platform that couples electric vehicle charging, battery systems, solar photovoltaic systems, grid transformers, control strategies, and power distribution systems, to perform cost quantification and analyze the impacts of electric vehicle charging on the grid. This python-based platform can run a receding horizon control scheme for real-time operation and a one-shot control scheme for planning problems, with multi-timescale dynamics for different systems to simulate realistic scenarios. We demonstrate the utility of EV-EcoSim through a case study focused on economic evaluation of battery size to reduce electricity costs while considering impacts of fast charging on the power distribution grid. We present qualitative and quantitative evaluations on the battery size in tabulated results. The tabulated results delineate the trade-offs between candidate battery sizing solutions, providing comprehensive insights for decision-making under uncertainty. Additionally, we demonstrate the implications of the battery controller model fidelity on the system costs and show that the fidelity of the battery controller can completely change decisions made when planning an electric vehicle charging site.
description: This paper has been accepted for publication at the IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid
Current localization and Joule self-heating effects in Cr doped Nd0.5Ca0.5MnO3 manganites
Creators: name: Carneiro, A. S.
name: Jardim, R. F.
name: Fonseca, F. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of dc excitation current on the current-voltage curves of polycrystalline samples of Nd0.5Ca0.5Mn0.96Cr0.04O3 were investigated. The experimental results show that an abrupt jump of the voltage is concomitant with a huge increase in the temperature of the sample. A simple model and estimates for Joule self-heating effects support the experimental data. Moreover, the data strongly suggest that both the current localization in the metallic paths and local Joule self-heating effects are essential ingredients to understand the current-induced phase transition in phase-separated manganites.
description: Accepted for publication as a Brief Report in Physical Review B (2006)
Supplement_Stubbs_Crocodylomorph_Disparity_R1 from Ecological opportunity and the rise and fall of crocodylomorph evolutionary innovation
Creators: name: Stubbs, Thomas L.
name: Pierce, Stephanie E.
name: Elsler, Armin
name: Anderson, Philip S. L.
name: Rayfield, Emily J.
name: Benton, Michael J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary methods, results and figures S1-S35
Strategic Policy Options to Improve Irrigation Water Allocation Efficiency: Analysis on Egypt and Morocco
Creators: name: He, Lixia
name: Tyner, Wallace E.
name: Doukkali, Rachid
name: Siam, Gamal
name: He, Lixia
name: Tyner, Wallace E.
name: Doukkali, Rachid
name: Siam, Gamal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: For a number of reasons government the world over have been unwilling to use water pricing to achieve water use efficiency. This research addresses questions of what policy alternatives to water pricing might improve irrigation water allocation efficiency. An empirical framework is provided to compare irrigation policies for allocating scarce water to agricultural production in Egypt and Morocco. Partial equilibrium agricultural sector models specific to Egypt and Morocco were employed for policy tests. Positive Mathematical Programming (PMP) was used to calibrate the models. Water pricing policy, water complementary input factor tax policy, and output tax policy are tested. Results suggest that effective policy depends on the social, economic, and environmental contexts of specific regions. The results for both countries demonstrate that some of the alternative irrigation policies can work towards directing cropping decisions to less water intensive crops and also generating revenues for governments in situations where governments choose not to price water.