cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Architecture Concepts for Building Highly Scalable Crawling Cluster For Data-Driven On-Page Optimization
Creators: name: Frąszczak, Damian
name: Magdziarz, Krystian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Software architecture
Applied computing not elsewhere classified

description: The paper presents the architecture concepts for building crawling clusters for data-driven on-page optimization tasks. The aim of the study is to develop a base architecture capable of continuous monitoring of on-page parameters in terms of SEO on a very large scale. The issue of building an efficient data crawling mechanism has been addressed in the literature since the spread of the Internet, however, the problem is not thoroughly described in relation to tools designed for SEO. This paper offers the concept of building a highly scalable environment designed to analyze key on-page metrics, the analysis of which will provide critical knowledge in the context of their optimization.
Scalar field as a Bose-Einstein condensate in a Schwarzschild-de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: Castellanos, Elías
name: Escamilla-Rivera, Celia
name: Lämmerzahl, Claus
name: Macías, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we analyze some properties of a scalar field configuration, where it is considered as a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate in a Schwarzschild-de Sitter background spacetime. In a natural way, the geometry of the curved spacetime provides an effective trapping potential for the scalar field configuration. This allows us to explore some thermodynamical properties of the system. Additionally, the curved geometry of the spacetime also induces a position dependent self-interaction parameter, which can be interpreted as a kind of gravitational Feshbach resonance, that could affect the stability of the cloud and could be used to obtain information about the interactions among the components of the system..
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Characterization of UMG-Based Si Solar Cells
Creators: name: Hovel, H.J.
name: Marshall, E.
name: Prettyman, K.
name: Krause, R.
name: Johnston, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2236-2240
description: Solar cells made in a turnkey line using UMG starting material have been analyzed in detail, using
photo-and electroluminescence, DLIT, quantum efficiency, LBIC, lifetime maps, and dark and light I-V. The
starting wafers were blends of 0, 10, 20, 30, and 100% UMG alloyed with polycrystalline solar grade feedstock.
Device efficiencies of 14.5 – 15.5 % were obtained, nearly identical for all blends except the 100% UMG.
Diffusion lengths were nearly the same as the wafer thickness, corresponding to lifetimes of around 20
microseconds. Gettering using POCL3 processing was able to increase the lifetime to above 80 microseconds in
large grain, low dislocation density areas of the wafers, with less improvement where dislocations were high. The
main benefit of the phosphorus gettering, however, was in a dramatic increase of the shunt resistance, by nearly
an order of magnitude on average. Open circuit voltages and short circuit currents were close to the same for all
blends, and the main cause of efficiency loss was shunt leakage current.
Surface Conditioning of the TiO2 Electrode in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Creators: name: Knaut, M.
name: Albert, M.
name: Bartha, J.W.
name: Dirnstorfer, I.
name: Mähne, H.
name: Jakschik, S.
name: Mikolajick, T.
name: Schlott, F.
name: Dubnack, K.
name: Kreisel, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Organic-based PV

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 576-579
description: Porous TiO2 electrodes for dye-sensitized solar cells were coated with approximately 20 nm TiO2 using
Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD). Raman spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) measurements
show that ALD-conditioned surfaces are superior in terms of homogeneity and crystalline structure. The main
advantage of the ALD process is the growth of predominantly anatase TiO2, which enables higher solar cell
efficiencies compared to rutile TiO2. To further improve the crystalline parameters of the top ALD-TiO2 layer an
intermediate ultra-thin Al2O3 buffer layer (~ 0.5 nm) was introduced. Raman measurements on planar substrates prove
that the buffer layer efficiently decouples the TiO2 growth from the properties of the underneath TiO2 layer. Solar
cells based on ALD-conditioned electrodes were characterized photo-electrically. The Incident Photon-to-current
Conversion Efficiency (IPCE) values improved about 5 and 10 times after TiO2 deposition without and with buffer
layer, respectively.
Multi Junction Cells for Standard and Spectrum Splitting Concentrated Photovoltaics- Indoor and Outdoor Performances
Creators: name: Gori, G.
name: Campesato, R.
name: Casale, M.C.
name: Gabetta, G.
name: Zenobi, M.
name: Ambroglini, F.
name: Brandi, P
name: Principe, A.
name: Rossi, S.
name: Binetti, S.
name: Acciarri, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 676-680
description: In this paper we report the experimental results obtained from the manufacturing and characterization of III-V solar cells based on single junction, dual junction and triple junction structures. The main solar cell materials are GaAs and (Al)InGaP compounds. A test plan for qualification of “bare” solar cells for concentration systems is presented with its results. The test plan was derived from the space experience and it is based on the European Standards ECSS-E ST20-08, modified keeping into account the terrestrial standard for CPV modules (IEC 62108). The solar cells performances and their reliability is discussed with emphasis to the particular operation conditions induced by the CPV approach. These solar cells were then used and tested in two different CPV approaches: one based on standard concentrators and the other based on spectrum splitting concentrators. The systems, designed for standard concentration, need very high efficiency solar cells, therefore triple junction solar cells InGaP/GaAs/Ge are preferable. HCPV (High Concentration Photovoltaic) systems, based on this approach, have demonstrated efficiencies as high
as 29%. The limit of this approach is that the multi junction solar cell structure is optimised for a specified incident spectrum (generally AM1.5D). During the day the spectrum is changing and the
efficiency cannot be maintained, especially in the early morning and in the late afternoon. Spectrum splitting systems divide the light in several wavelength regions and use single or dual junction solar cells,
optimised on each wavelength region. In this case a very high efficient system can be obtained that is less affected by spectrum variation. The use of standard concentrator and spectrum splitting systems is
compared from a theoretical, experimental and economical point of view. The first results of outdoor performances are presented and discussed.
Effects of neutron-star dynamic tides on gravitational waveforms within the effective-one-body approach
Creators: name: Hinderer, Tanja
name: Taracchini, Andrea
name: Foucart, Francois
name: Buonanno, Alessandra
name: Steinhoff, Jan
name: Duez, Matthew
name: Kidder, Lawrence E.
name: Pfeiffer, Harald P.
name: Scheel, Mark A.
name: Szilagyi, Bela
name: Hotokezaka, Kenta
name: Kyutoku, Koutarou
name: Shibata, Masaru
name: Carpenter, Cory W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extracting the unique information on ultradense nuclear matter from the gravitational waves emitted by merging, neutron-star binaries requires robust theoretical models of the signal. We develop a novel effective-one-body waveform model that includes, for the first time, dynamic (instead of only adiabatic) tides of the neutron star, as well as the merger signal for neutron-star--black-hole binaries. We demonstrate the importance of the dynamic tides by comparing our model against new numerical-relativity simulations of nonspinning neutron-star--black-hole binaries spanning more than 24 gravitational-wave cycles, and to other existing numerical simulations for double neutron-star systems. Furthermore, we derive an effective description that makes explicit the dependence of matter effects on two key parameters: tidal deformability and fundamental oscillation frequency.
Evolutionary dynamics on any population structure
Creators: name: Allen, Benjamin
name: Lippner, Gabor
name: Chen, Yu-Ting
name: Fotouhi, Babak
name: Momeni, Naghmeh
name: Nowak, Martin A.
name: Yau, Shing-Tung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 92D15, 05C81

description: Evolution occurs in populations of reproducing individuals. The structure of a biological population affects which traits evolve. Understanding evolutionary game dynamics in structured populations is difficult. Precise results have been absent for a long time, but have recently emerged for special structures where all individuals have the same number of neighbors. But the problem of determining which trait is favored by selection in the natural case where the number of neighbors can vary, has remained open. For arbitrary selection intensity, the problem is in a computational complexity class which suggests there is no efficient algorithm. Whether there exists a simple solution for weak selection was unanswered. Here we provide, surprisingly, a general formula for weak selection that applies to any graph or social network. Our method uses coalescent theory and relies on calculating the meeting times of random walks. We can now evaluate large numbers of diverse and heterogeneous population structures for their propensity to favor cooperation. We can also study how small changes in population structure---graph surgery---affect evolutionary outcomes. We find that cooperation flourishes most in societies that are based on strong pairwise ties.
description: 68 pages, 10 figures
A Report on Efficient Hybrid Solar Cells
Creators: name: Verma, D.
name: Midtgård, O.-M.
name: Sætre, T.O.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Organic-based PV

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 580-586
description: Organic photovoltaics (OPV) are promising to fulfill the goal of achieving good efficiency using
inexpensive materials. Recently, Heliatek GmbH and Institute of Applied Photophysics have announced a tandem
solar cell having efficiency ~ 8.30 %. While the efficiencies of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) have been steadily
increasing, there are still problems that need to be addressed. Organic solar cells have several issues regarding
stability, oxidation & reduction reactions, charge separation and transportation. To overcome these issues, the hybrid
solar cell is an option to meet the requirement of an efficient organic solar cell. The present article reviews the
efficient hybrid solar cells structures and present status.
Übersicht der von Oktober 1891 bis Oktober 1892 erschienenen Beiträge und Materialien zur Geschichte von Stadt und Kanton Zürich
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Höhr & Fäsi
Year: 1893
Subjects: subject: 010 Bibliografie
subject: Kanton Zürich
subject: Zürich
subject: Bibliografie
subject: Geschichte
subject: Landeskunde
subject: Volkskunde

description: Aus dem Zürcher Taschenbuch auf das Jahr 1893.
Inkjet Printed Photoactive Material for Flexible Polymer Solar Cells
Creators: name: Morvillo, P.
name: Diana, R.
name: Grimaldi, I.A.
name: Loffredo, F.
name: Villani, F.
name: Minarini, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Organic-based PV

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 597-600
description: Polymer solar cells were manufactured by inkjet printing the regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene)
(P3HT):[6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) blend. Active material based inks were prepared by
dissolving the blend in single solvents, 1,2-dichlorobenzene and chlorobenzene, and their mixture. For each ink, the
printing parameters such as substrate temperature and drop overlapping degree, were optimized to improve the
reproducibility of the deposition process and the structural quality of the final films. The influence of the chemicophysical
properties of the solvent on the morphology of the active layer was investigated through optical and
profilometric analyses. The electrical measurements indicated that the solar cell devices with P3HT:PCBM dissolved
in the solvent mixture had the better performances reaching a power conversion efficiency of 2.4 %.
Perfect Recovery Conditions For Non-Negative Sparse Modeling
Creators: name: Itoh, Yuki
name: Duarte, Marco F.
name: Parente, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sparse modeling has been widely and successfully used in many applications such as computer vision, machine learning, and pattern recognition. Accompanied with those applications, significant research has studied the theoretical limits and algorithm design for convex relaxations in sparse modeling. However, theoretical analyses on non-negative versions of sparse modeling are limited in the literature either to a noiseless setting or a scenario with a specific statistical noise model such as Gaussian noise. This paper studies the performance of non-negative sparse modeling in a more general scenario where the observed signals have an unknown arbitrary distortion, especially focusing on non-negativity constrained and L1-penalized least squares, and gives an exact bound for which this problem can recover the correct signal elements. We pose two conditions to guarantee the correct signal recovery: minimum coefficient condition (MCC) and nonlinearity vs. subset coherence condition (NSCC). The former defines the minimum weight for each of the correct atoms present in the signal and the latter defines the tolerable deviation from the linear model relative to the positive subset coherence (PSC), a novel type of "coherence" metric. We provide rigorous performance guarantees based on these conditions and experimentally verify their precise predictive power in a hyperspectral data unmixing application.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Intermediate Reflector for Micromorph Tandem Solar Cells: Comparison between Two Possible Materials
Creators: name: Delli Veneri, P.
name: Mercaldo, L.V.
name: Usatii, I.
name: Ciani, P.
name: Privato, C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2723-2726
description: Reflecting interlayers in stacked solar cells are used to increase the photocurrent of the top cell. In
particular, in micromorph tandems they help to improve the stability allowing to keep thin the amorphous silicon top
intrinsic layer and still reach the proper current matching. Together with appropriate optical and electrical properties,
one of the main requirements for this layer is the possibility to grow it in the same reactor as the solar cells. In this
paper we compare the properties of non-stoichiometric silicon nitride and silicon oxide, both fabricated by PECVD at
low temperature (150°C). By varying the CO2 or NH3 flow rates, respectively used to grow silicon nitride or silicon
oxide, the film stoichiometry is changed and different values of refractive index can be obtained. Phosphine has been
used as dopant gas to increase the electrical conductivity of the layers. In both cases materials with low refractive
index (compared to amorphous silicon) and high transparency have been realized, which permit to reflect the
wavelengths competing to the top cell, while being transparent to the light required by the bottom cell. However,
silicon oxide has shown better electrical properties, at least in the deposition regimes used in this work.
LegalHTML
Creators: name: Stellato, Armando
name: Fiorelli, Manuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Legal Knowledge Representation
Semantic Web
HTML
RDFa

description: LegalHTML is an extension of the HTML language designed for representing legal acts. It provides an explicit domain language addressing all structural aspects of an act such as articles, paragraphs, items and references. It also supports the description of the editorial and jurisdictional history of an act and the semantic annotation of domain entities. Furthermore, LegalHTML addresses the consolidation of an act and its subsequent modifications into a single document using a tree-like representation of the original content and of its modified versions. Finally, a JavaScript API enhances the representation as an active document, enabling the visualization of a consolidated act as it applies at different points in time. The model is proposed as a unifying standard for the semantics of legal documents on one hand and their visual representation on the other hand.
Rapid and Easy Procedure for the Determination of Immunoglobulin Class and Light Chain Type of Anti-Lactate Dehydrogenase Antibodies in Macro-Lactate Dehydrogenase
Creators: name: Kleinveld, Henne A.
name: Voorbij, Hieronymus A. M.
name: Rijn, Herman J. M. Van
Publisher: name: Kooperation de Gruyter
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: We developed an easy to perform and rapid method for determination of the immunoglobulin class and light chain type of anti-enzyme antibodies present in macro-enzymes. The procedure is a combination of two routinely used laboratory kits, and it allows identification of the antibody involved within 1.5 hour. The applicability of the method was demonstrated for macro-lactate dehydrogenase.
Degradation in Performance Ratio and Yields of Exposed Modules under Arid Conditions
Creators: name: Sastry, O.S.
name: Singh, R.K.
name: Chandel, R.
name: Dash, P.K.
name: Kumar, R.
name: Bandyopadhyay, B.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3590-3591
description: Performance Ratio (PR) and Energy Yields (Ey) are the two indicators define the long term field performance
of PV modules arrays. PR a dimensionless number quantify the losses over the DC rated power of module and Ey having unit
of hours or kWh/ kWp quantify energy generated per kWp installed of PV array. These two parameters solely depend on site
temperature, sun spectral contents and solar cell spectral response (SR), play very significant role in the overall energy yields
from PV power plants. With a view to understand variations in PR values with technology, site, season and also due to self
deterioration in PV modules during exposure, outdoor test beds for matured major technology modules are set up at SEC .
The module technologies studied include mono, multi and amorphous silicon single & tandem junction modules, thin film
poly crystalline modules CIS & CdTe/ CdS and HIT. The dates of installations and amount of outdoor exposure given are
different for different modules, varied from one year, 7 years and 10 years. Major observations are, losses in PR varied with
technology and time. A maximum up to 5% in one year and minimum up to 17% in ten years are observed. The degradation
in PR are presented with deterioration in PV module performance parameters short circuit current (Isc), open circuit
voltage(Voc), fill factor(FF), power output(Pmax).
Organized Chaos: Scatter in the relation between stellar mass and halo mass in small galaxies
Creators: name: Garrison-Kimmel, Shea
name: Bullock, James S.
name: Boylan-Kolchin, Michael
name: Bardwell, Emma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Local Group galaxy counts together with the ELVIS N-body simulations to explore the relationship between the scatter and slope in the stellar mass vs. halo mass relation at low masses, $M_\star \simeq 10^5 - 10^8 M_\odot$. Assuming models with log-normal scatter about a median relation of the form $M_\star \propto M_\mathrm{halo}^α$, the preferred log-slope steepens from $α\simeq 1.8$ in the limit of zero scatter to $α\simeq 2.6$ in the case of $2$ dex of scatter in $M_\star$ at fixed halo mass. We provide fitting functions for the best-fit relations as a function of scatter, including cases where the relation becomes increasingly stochastic with decreasing mass. We show that if the scatter at fixed halo mass is large enough ($\gtrsim 1$ dex) and if the median relation is steep enough ($α\gtrsim 2$), then the "too-big-to-fail" problem seen in the Local Group can be self-consistently eliminated in about $\sim 5-10\%$ of realizations. This scenario requires that the most massive subhalos host unobservable ultra-faint dwarfs fairly often; we discuss potentially observable signatures of these systems. Finally, we compare our derived constraints to recent high-resolution simulations of dwarf galaxy formation in the literature. Though simulation-to-simulation scatter in $M_\star$ at fixed $M_\mathrm{halo}$ is large among separate authors ($\sim 2$ dex), individual codes produce relations with much less scatter and usually give relations that would over-produce local galaxy counts.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication into MNRAS
Self-homodyne enabled generation of indistinguishable photons
Creators: name: Müller, Kai
name: Fischer, Kevin A.
name: Dory, Constantin
name: Sarmiento, Tomas
name: Lagoudakis, Konstantinos G.
name: Rundquist, Armand
name: Kelaita, Yousif A.
name: Vučković, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rapid generation of non-classical light serves as the foundation for exploring quantum optics and developing applications such as secure communication or generation of NOON-states. While strongly coupled quantum dot-photonic crystal resonator systems have great potential as non-classical light sources due to their promise of tailored output statistics, the generation of indistinguishable photons has been obscured due to the strongly dissipative nature of such systems. Here, we demonstrate that the recently discovered self-homodyne suppression technique can be used to overcome this limitation and tune the quantum statistics of transmitted light, achieving indistinguishable photon emission competitive with state-of-the-art metrics. Furthermore, our nanocavity-based platform directly lends itself to scalable on-chip architectures for quantum information.
Thin Film Silicon n-i-p Solar Cells with High Open Circuit Voltage Deposited on Low-Cost Plastic Substrates
Creators: name: Brinza, M.
name: Rath, J.K.
name: Schropp, R.E.I.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2727-2730
description: Solar cells in n-i-p configuration deposited at 100°C benefit from using an amorphous p-layer instead
of a microcrystalline one due to which a high open circuit voltage of 0.91-0.92 V can be reached. We speculate that
the wide bandgap buffer layer, which is normally inserted between the microcrystalline p and the amorphous i-layer,
is ineffective against electron back diffusion because in the low-temperature case the i-layer is a wide bandgap
material itself. Consistent results are obtained for cells grown on glass, PEN and PET foils coated with a smooth back
reflector. Under light soaking, the fill factor decreases by 12%. The first test solar cell on PEN with a textured back
reflector had an efficiency of 5.3% and a Voc of 0.84 V, slightly lower than on a flat substrate. The i-layer of this cell
was made by VHF PECVD at a relatively high deposition rate of 0.22 nm/s.
On the disorder-driven quantum transition in three-dimensional relativistic metals
Creators: name: Louvet, Thibaud
name: Carpentier, David
name: Fedorenko, Andrei A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Weyl semimetals are topologically protected from a gap opening against weak disorder in three dimensions. However, a strong disorder drives this relativistic semimetal through a quantum transition towards a diffusive metallic phase characterized by a finite density of states at the band crossing. This transition is usually described by a perturbative renormalization group in $d=2+\varepsilon$ of a $U(N)$ Gross-Neveu model in the limit $N \to 0$. Unfortunately, this model is not multiplicatively renormalizable in $2+\varepsilon$ dimensions: An infinite number of relevant operators are required to describe the critical behavior. Hence its use in a quantitative description of the transition beyond one-loop is at least questionable. We propose an alternative route, building on the correspondence between the Gross-Neveu and Gross-Neveu-Yukawa models developed in the context of high energy physics. It results in a model of Weyl fermions with a random non-Gaussian imaginary potential which allows one to study the critical properties of the transition within a $d=4-\varepsilon$ expansion. We also discuss the characterization of the transition by the multifractal spectrum of wave functions.
description: 5+8 pages, 1+5 figures
Temperature and Thermal Annealing Effects on Amorphous Silicon PV
Creators: name: Makrides, G.
name: Zinsser, B.
name: Phinikarides, A.
name: Schubert, M.
name: Georghiou, G.E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3600-3603
description: The effect of temperature on a single-junction a-Si, grid-connected, photovoltaic (PV) system installed
in Cyprus was analysed in this study. Initially, the energy yield losses due to temperature were investigated based on
acquired measurements of module temperature and using the manufacturer’s maximum power point (MPP)
temperature coefficients, PMPP. The same thermal loss investigation was also carried out, using the experimentally
evaluated PMPP coefficients for comparison. In the case of the manufacturer’s PMPP, the results showed that the
thermal losses in the annual dc energy yield were 3 - 4 %. Similar thermal losses were found when using the
experimentally evaluated PMPP. In addition, temperature effects on the seasonal performance were evident on the
monthly average performance ratio (PR) values. An increase in performance from spring until early autumn was
observed and was attributed to thermal annealing. The effect of thermal annealing on the performance was revealed
by filtering dc MPP power measurements at high irradiance (greater than 800 W/m2) and restricting the values at
geometric air mass (AM) in the range 1  geometric AM  1.5. The extracted dc MPP power was corrected for
irradiance and temperature at standard test conditions (STC) using the manufacturer’s PMPP for a period of two years.
The effect of thermal annealing was further investigated by extracting dc MPP power measurements at geometric AM
in the range 1.4  geometric AM  1.6 in order to minimize the spectral effects on the performance of the a-Si
system. The results showed that thermal annealing caused a 7.5 % increase in power from March to September 2008
and a 7 % increase for the same period in 2009.
Systematic Uncertainties in RF-Based Measurement of Superconducting Cavity Quality Factors
Creators: name: Holzbauer, J. P.
name: Pischalnikov, Yu.
name: Sergatskov, D. A.
name: Schappert, W.
name: Smith, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Q0 determinations based on RF power measurements are subject to at least three potentially large systematic effects that have not been previously appreciated. Instrumental factors that can systematically bias RF based measurements of Q0 are quantified and steps that can be taken to improve the determination of Q0 are discussed.
Subject Focus in West African Languages
Creators: name: Fiedler, Ines
name: Hartmann, Katharina
name: Reineke, Brigitte
name: Schwarz, Anne
name: Zimmermann, Malte
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät II
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Informationsstruktur
subject: Afrikanische Sprachen
subject: Information Structure
subject: African Languages
subject: 490 Andere Sprachen
subject: 400 Sprachwissenschaft, Linguistik

description: Discussion of focus marking in three West African language groups: Gur, Kwa, (West) Chadic. Note: Most data were elicited by ourselves, for some Chadic languages, data from the literature were added.
Optimization of Electroplated Contacts for Front Side Silicon Solar Cells Metallization
Creators: name: Boulord, C.
name: Kaminski-Cachopo, A.
name: Veschetti, Y.
name: Poulain, G.
name: Blanc-Pélissier, D.
name: Grange, B.
name: Lemiti, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2215-2217
description: This paper presents the results of a two-step front contact process consisting of a thin electroless nickelphosphorus
(NiP) seed layer thickened by electrolytic deposition of silver. The electroless NiP layer can be used as a seed
layer because it ensures satisfying adherence, good diffusion barrier properties and a low contact resistivity. Typical contact
resistivities of 10-4 .cm2 have been obtained by Transmission Line Model measurements. The developed process is selective
because the deposition occurs only onto the desired region of the silicon sample. Solar cells using this front metallization
have been characterized by I-V measurements and compared with standard screen-printed solar cells. The major difficulty
related to the use of nickel-phosphorous as seed layer is the potential shunt formation during annealing of the contact.
Experimental conditions have been found to avoid pseudo-FF decrease after metallization. Finally, FF over 78 % were
obtained with this metallization process.
The operationalization of health literacy for children aged 9-12 years: a scoping review with narrative synthesis
Creators: name: van Boxtel, Wieke
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Education
subject: adolescents
subject: children
subject: health literacy
subject: health promotion
subject: narrative analysis
subject: scoping review

description: A scoping review on the operationalization of Health Literacy in the context of health promotion for children and adolescents aged 9-12 years old.
On a isoperimetric-isodiametric inequality
Creators: name: Mondino, Andrea
name: Spadaro, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Euclidean mixed isoperimetric-isodiametric inequality states that the round ball maximizes the volume under constraint on the product between boundary area and radius. The goal of the paper is to investigate such mixed isoperimetric-isodiametric inequalities in Riemannian manifolds. We first prove that the same inequality, with the sharp Euclidean constants, holds on Cartan-Hadamard spaces as well as on minimal submanifolds of $\mathbb{R}^n$. The equality cases are also studied and completely characterized; in particular, the latter gives a new link with free boundary minimal submanifolds in a Euclidean ball. We also consider the case of manifolds with non-negative Ricci curvature and prove a new comparison result stating that metric balls in the manifold have product of boundary area and radius bounded by the Euclidean counterpart and equality holds if and only if the ball is actually Euclidean. We then pass to consider the problem of the existence and the regularity of optimal shapes (i.e. regions minimizing the product of boundary area and radius under the constraint of having fixed enclosed volume), called here isoperimetric-isodiametric regions. We give examples of spaces where there exists no isoperimetric-isodiametric region and we prove that on the other hand on compact spaces and on $C^0$-locally-asymptotic Euclidean manifolds with non-negative Ricci curvature there exists an isoperimetric-isodiametric region for every positive volume (this last class of spaces includes a large family of metrics playing a key role in general relativity and Ricci flow: the so called Hawking gravitational instantons and the Bryant-type Ricci solitons). We finally prove that the boundary of the isoperimetric-isodiametric regions satisfy the optimal $C^{1,1}$ regularity outside of a closed subset of Hausdorff co-dimension $8$.
description: Final version to appear in Analysis & PDE. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1304.0851 by other authors
Combining the Advantages of Wrap Through Metallization and Rear Surface Passivation into Industrial MWT-PERC Devices
Creators: name: Thaidigsmann, B.
name: Wolf, A.
name: Clement, F.
name: Biro, D.
name: Preu, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2227-2230
description: We present thin metal-wrap-through silicon solar cells with passivated surfaces fabricated from
Czochralski-Si substrates. Nearly all process steps are performed on industrial production equipment, including
screen printing of the contacts. The thickness of the substrate after all process steps is only 120 μm, nevertheless the
cells show short circuit current densities of up to 39 mA/cm2 which indicates reduced shading losses, superior light
trapping and high quality surface passivation. The rear surface of the cell exhibits soldering pads for easy module
assembly. Laser fired contacts connect the p-type base to the rear metallization. An analysis of reflectance and
quantum efficiency data quantifies the losses in short circuit current originating from different loss mechanisms such
as shading, front surface- and escape reflectance as well as emitter recombination.
Polynomial realisations of Lie (super)algebras and Bessel operators
Creators: name: Barbier, Sigiswald
name: Coulembier, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B35, 17C99, 58C50

description: We study realisations of Lie (super)algebras in Weyl (super)algebras and connections with minimal representations. The main result is the construction of small realisations of Lie superalgebras, which we apply for two distinct purposes. Firstly it naturally introduces, and generalises, the Bessel operators for Jordan algebras in the study of minimal representations of simple Lie groups. These have already been applied very successfully by several authors, however an easy direct explanation for their relevance seemed still to be missing. Secondly, we work out the theoretical realisation concretely for the exceptional Lie superalgebra D(2,1;a), giving a useful hands-on realisation.
A spatial model for selection and cooperation
Creators: name: Czuppon, Peter
name: Pfaffelhuber, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35, 82C22, 92D15

description: We study the evolution of cooperation in an interacting particle system with two types. The model we investigate is an extension of a two-type biased voter model. One type (called defector) has a (positive) bias $α$ with respect to the other type (called cooperator). However, a cooperator helps a neighbor (either defector or cooperator) to reproduce at rate $γ$. We prove that the one-dimensional nearest-neighbor interacting dynamical system exhibits a phase transition at $α=γ$. For $α>γ$ cooperators always die out, but if $γ>α$, cooperation is the winning strategy.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure
Magnetic monopole condensation in pyrochlore ice quantum spin liquid: application to Pr2Ir2O7 and Yb2Ti2O7
Creators: name: Chen, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pyrochlore iridates and pyrochlore ices are two families of materials where novel quantum phenomena are intertwined with strong spin-orbit coupling, substantial electron correlation and geometrical frustration. Motivated by the puzzling experiments on two pyrochlore systems Pr2Ir2O7 and Yb2Ti2O7, we study the proximate Ising orders and the quantum phase transition out of quantum spin ice U(1) quantum spin liquid (QSL). We apply the electromagnetic duality of the compact quantum electrodynamics to analyze the "magnetic monopoles" condensation for U(1) QSL. The monopole condensation transition represents a unconventional quantum criticality with unusual scaling laws. It naturally leads to the Ising orders that belong to the "2-in 2-out" spin ice manifold and generically have an enlarged magnetic unit cell. We demonstrate that the antiferormagnetic Ising state with the ordering wavevector ${\bf Q} = 2π(001)$ is proximate to U(1) QSL while the ferromagnetic Ising state with ${\bf Q}=(000)$ is not proximate to U(1) QSL. This implies that if there exists a direct transition from U(1) QSL to the ferromagnetic Ising state, the transition must be strongly first order. We apply the theory to Pr2Ir2O7 and Yb2Ti2O7.
description: 10 pages. The work was presented at KITP in Sep 2015. Add a sign-problem-free model
Effect of Bitcoin fee on transaction-confirmation process
Creators: name: Kasahara, Shoji
name: Kawahara, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.4; D.4.8
subject: 68M20, 90B22

description: In Bitcoin system, transactions are prioritized according to transaction fees. Transactions without fees are given low priority and likely to wait for confirmation. Because the demand of micro payment in Bitcoin is expected to increase due to low remittance cost, it is important to quantitatively investigate how transactions with small fees of Bitcoin affect the transaction-confirmation time. In this paper, we analyze the transaction-confirmation time by queueing theory. We model the transaction-confirmation process of Bitcoin as a priority queueing system with batch service, deriving the mean transaction-confirmation time. Numerical examples show how the demand of transactions with low fees affects the transaction-confirmation time. We also consider the effect of the maximum block size on the transaction-confirmation time.
Low Temperature Deposition of Chemically Converted Graphene Films on Large Area Silicon For Solar Cell Applications
Creators: name: Karazhanov, S.Zh.
name: Ait Medjane, F.
name: Andersen, N.H.
name: Zhu, J.
name: Saure, O.V.
name: Popovici, N.
name: Holt, A.
name: Karlsson, A.
name: Wendelbo, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Organic-based PV

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 543-546
description: Because of the many useful electronic, optical, and mechanical properties, graphene has emerged as a
promising candidate for applications in a range of technologies. This expectation depends on the feasibility of largescale
production of graphene layers that can cover surface areas of different substrates of a size relevant for solar cells
and other applications. This presently remains to be one of the main challenges. The method of forming chemically
converted graphene has the potential to overcome this problem. Another important issue is that the deposition steps
for the films need to take place at temperatures low enough not to harm solar cell structures. In the present paper we
report deposition of chemically converted graphene film on large area Si at room temperature. The chemical structure
of the graphene films have been characterized by Raman spectroscopy and surface morphology by scanning electron
microscopy. From UV/vis absorbance spectroscopy it is shown that ~10 nm chemically converted graphene layers
transmit >93% of sunlight. Photovoltaic properties of the Si based solar cell structures obtained using the chemically
converted graphene method have also been investigated.
Micro-Selective Emitters
Creators: name: Ferrada, P.
name: Harney, R.
name: Halm, A.
name: Mihailetchi, V.D.
name: Wefringhaus, E.
name: Weiß, M.
name: Lossen, J.
name: Krokoszinski, H.-J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2193-2198
description: We studied emitters produced by diffusion through thermal silicon oxide and discovered that emitters
with high sheet resistance could be contacted exceptionally well. Therefore, we propose the existence of a microselective
emitter. We assume that the doping is higher on the tips of the pyramids of the textured surface and lower
on the sides and valleys between them. Apparently small areas of higher doping are sufficient to allow for a good
contact. To verify this hypothesis we masked textured wafers by a spin-on oxide which covers only the valleys
between the pyramids and which is used as a diffusion mask. Fill factors between 76% and 78% were found for cells
diffused through thermal silicon oxide with a sheet resistance of up to 100 /sq. On cells with spin-on oxide the
results were similar. At sheet resistances of up to 115 /sq fill factors higher than 77.5% could be achieved. The
contact formation was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy.
Bands in $L_p$-spaces
Creators: name: Vogt, Hendrik
name: Voigt, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B42, 28A05, 47D06

description: For a general measure space $(Ω,μ)$, it is shown that for every band $M$ in $L_p(μ)$ there exists a decomposition $μ=μ'+μ^{\prime\prime}$ such that $M=L_p(μ')=\{f\in L_p(μ);f=0\ μ^{\prime\prime}\text{-a.e.}\}$. The theory is illustrated by an example, with an application to absorption semigroups.
Development and Modelling of Crystalline Silicon Based Metal Wrap through (MWT) Solar Cells
Creators: name: Fellmeth, T.
name: Meyer, K.
name: Greulich, J.
name: Clement, F.
name: Biro, D.
name: Preu, R.
name: Menkoe, M.
name: Lahmer, D.
name: Krokoszinski, H.-J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2201-2206
description: A detailed analysis of the Al-BSF MWT solar cell specific loss mechanisms is presented. It is
shown that final efficiency is hardly affected by the MWT vias. A tremendous impact on fill factor is associated
to the rear side located unpassivated p-n junction. If the dimensions of this p-n junction are varied experimentally
a strong increase in the series resistance is observed leading to a drop in fill factor which can not be explained
fully by lateral ohmic resistance in the base. Therefore, 2D “Sentaurus Device” simulations have been carried out
matching this behavior very well. The simulations also show a great impact on fill factor by base doping.
According to the simulation, strategies in order to minimize fill factor losses are revealed. Rear contact
separation should be done as close as possible to the aluminum located emitter. As major leverage for increasing
the fill factor of a MWT solar cell the reduction of the rear p-n junction area by minimizing the Ag-Al gap and
the rear Ag busbar could be addressed. Furthermore, a decreasing influence arising from the rear p-n junction is
observed when bulk material with lower lifetime is utilized. A transition point is observed where the MWT solar
cell exceeds the conventional cell. This transition point is related to the lifetime of the bulk material utilized and
shifts towards lower doping with decreasing bulk lifetime (vice versa).
Power Degradation of Crystalline Silicon PV Module in Transporting Environment
Creators: name: Chen, C.-W.
name: Lin, I.
name: Liao, J.-Y.
name: Wu, H.-S.
name: Wu, T.-C.
name: Lee, K.-T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3550-3552
description: This article described the power drop of photovoltaic modules (PV modules) during vibration test
which was simulated different transporting situations. The mechanical properties of PV modules were investigated by
modal analysis and showed a 12 Hz response frequency in the three transportation testing spectra. On the other hand,
maximum power drop was found in the truck test and one module had over 8% power drop. Each selected module in
truck test had over 5% power loss, and the EL images also gave sufficient evidences to explain that PV modules had
a strong vibration response in the truck test. Finally, this applied research provided a common test method to evaluate
the damages on the PV modules due to the mechanical vibration during transportation and shipping.