cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 5 of AllCoPol: inferring allele co-ancestry in polyploids
Creators: name: Lautenschlager, Ulrich
name: Wagner, Florian
name: Oberprieler, Christoph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Tables S2 and S3. Inferred sister clades of parental branches of L. ircutianum subsp. crassifolium.
Utilitarianism on the front lines: COVID-19, public ethics, and the "hidden assumption" problem
Creators: name: Shaw, Charles
name: Vanadia, Silvio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: How should we think of the preferences of citizens? Whereas self-optimal policy is relatively straightforward to produce, socially optimal policy often requires a more detailed examination. In this paper, we identify an issue that has received far too little attention in welfarist modelling of public policy, which we name the "hidden assumptions" problem. Hidden assumptions can be deceptive because they are not expressed explicitly and the social planner (e.g. a policy maker, a regulator, a legislator) may not give them the critical attention they need. We argue that ethical expertise has a direct role to play in public discourse because it is hard to adopt a position on major issues like public health policy or healthcare prioritisation without making contentious assumptions about population ethics. We then postulate that ethicists are best situated to critically evaluate these hidden assumptions, and can therefore play a vital role in public policy debates.
description: Forthcoming in Ethics & Bioethics
Diffusion-driven instability of topological signals coupled by the Dirac operator
Creators: name: Giambagli, Lorenzo
name: Calmon, Lucille
name: Muolo, Riccardo
name: Carletti, Timoteo
name: Bianconi, Ginestra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The study of reaction-diffusion systems on networks is of paramount relevance for the understanding of nonlinear processes in systems where the topology is intrinsically discrete, such as the brain. Until now reaction-diffusion systems have been studied only when species are defined on the nodes of a network. However, in a number of real systems including, e.g., the brain and the climate, dynamical variables are not only defined on nodes but also on links, faces and higher-dimensional cells of simplicial or cell complexes, leading to topological signals. In this work we study reaction-diffusion processes of topological signals coupled through the Dirac operator. The Dirac operator allows topological signals of different dimension to interact or cross-diffuse as it projects the topological signals defined on simplices or cells of a given dimension to simplices or cells of one dimension up or one dimension down. By focusing on the framework involving nodes and links we establish the conditions for the emergence of Turing patterns and we show that the latter are never localized only on nodes or only on links of the network. Moreover when the topological signals display Turing pattern their projection does as well. We validate the theory hereby developed on a benchmark network model and on square lattices with periodic boundary conditions.
Additional file 1 of AllCoPol: inferring allele co-ancestry in polyploids
Creators: name: Lautenschlager, Ulrich
name: Wagner, Florian
name: Oberprieler, Christoph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Empirical data from Leucanthemum Mill. (Compositae, Anthemideae). This file describes the data used in the example analysis.
Asymmetric dark matter in braneworld cosmology
Creators: name: Meehan, Michael T.
name: Whittingham, Ian B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of a braneworld expansion era on the relic density of asymmetric dark matter. We find that the enhanced expansion rate in the early universe predicted by the Randall-Sundrum II (RSII) model leads to earlier particle freeze-out and an enhanced relic density. This effect has been observed previously by Okada and Seto (2004) for symmetric dark matter models and here we extend their results to the case of asymmetric dark matter. We also discuss the enhanced asymmetric annihilation rate in the braneworld scenario and its implications for indirect detection experiments.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Schüler*innen der 8. Jahrgangsstufe beurteilen (elementare) Wahrscheinlichkeiten
Creators: name: Schwarzkopf, David
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Wahrscheinlichkeit
subject: subjektiv
subject: objektiv
subject: Sek I
subject: Modellieren
subject: Stochastik
subject: 510

description: In der Literatur wird auf unterschiedliche Besonderheiten der Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung gegenüber anderen Gebieten der Mathematik hingewiesen (Batanero & Sanchez, 2005; Biehler & Engel, 2015; Krüger et al., 2015; Steinbring, 1985). Steinbring (1985) hebt beispielsweise die Vielfalt der verschiedenartigen Definitionen und gegensätzlichen Interpretationen des Begriffs Wahrscheinlichkeit hervor. Die unterschiedlichen Möglichkeiten, um Wahrscheinlichkeiten zu ermitteln, werden nachfolgend als Wahrscheinlichkeitsaspekte bezeichnet. Zu den für den Mathematikunterricht zentralen Aspekten zählen der klassische, frequentistische und subjektivistische (Eichler & Vogel, 2014; Krüger et al., 2015). Ein wesentlicher Unterschied zwischen den Aspekten liegt in der „Verortung“ der Wahrscheinlichkeit (Batanero & Borovcnik, 2016, S. 96). Beim klassischen und frequentistischen Aspekt wird die Wahrscheinlichkeit dem beobachteten zufälligen Vorgang zugeordnet (Büchter & Henn, 2007). Damit handelt es sich um ein Merkmal, welches mithilfe mathematischer Mittel personenunabhängig (objektiv) quantifiziert werden kann. Die Mathematisierung setzt jedoch spezielle Modellannahmen voraus, wodurch die Anwendung auf bestimmte zufällige Vorgänge begrenzt ist. Im Gegensatz dazu verortet der subjektivistische Aspekt die Wahrscheinlichkeit in einer Person. Damit handelt es sich um ein personenabhängiges Urteil, welches in der Regel mithilfe qualitativer Wahrscheinlichkeitsangaben beschrieben wird. Die Möglichkeit, individuelle Annahmen heranzuziehen, macht den Aspekt auf alle zufälligen Vorgänge anwendbar. Die ermittelten subjektiven Wahrscheinlichkeiten besitzen damit jedoch keinen allgemeingültigen Charakter.
Mott transition, Widom line and pseudogap in the half-filled triangular lattice Hubbard model
Creators: name: Downey, P. -O.
name: Gingras, O.
name: Fournier, J.
name: Hébert, C. -D.
name: Charlebois, M.
name: Tremblay, A. -M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Mott transition is observed experimentally in materials that are magnetically frustrated so that long-range order does not hide the Mott transition at finite temperature. The Hubbard model on the triangular lattice at half-filling is a paradigmatic model to study the interplay of interactions and frustration on the normal-state phase diagram. We use the dynamical cluster approximation with continuous time auxiliary field quantum Monte Carlo to solve this model for 1, 4, 6, 12, and 16 site clusters with detailed analysis performed for the 6 site cluster. We show that a) for every cluster there is an inflection point in the double occupancy as a function of interaction, defining a Widom line that extends above the critical point of the first-order Mott transition; b) the presence of this line and the cluster size dependence argue for the observability of the Mott transition at finite temperature in the thermodynamic limit; c) the loss of spectral weight in the metal to Mott insulator transition as a function of temperature and for strong interactions is momentum dependent, the hallmark of a pseudogap. That pseudogap spans a large region of the phase diagram near the Mott transition.
description: Open source version of the published paper. 16 pages, 8 figures, LaTeX
INVESTMENTS LIMITING NEGATIVE IMPACT OF FARMS ON THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE AND AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITY EFFICIENCY
Creators: name: MAREK, ZIELIŃSKI
name: MARCIN, ADAMSKI
name: MAREK, ZIELIŃSKI
name: MARCIN, ADAMSKI
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: environment
subject: farms
subject: technical efficiency
subject: investments reducing
subject: environmental pollution

description: The article attempts to evaluate the technical efficiency of farms that in 2015- 2016 carried out an investment aimed at reducing pollution of the natural environment with nitrates from agricultural sources. Due to the type of the investment carried out, two groups of farms were distinguished. The first group were farms that carried out adaptive investments for the construction or extension of manure plates or slurry tanks. The second group, on the other hand, were farms investing in the construction of barns and piggeries along with buildings for collecting natural fertilizers. The source of data for the analysis were farms keeping accounting for the Polish FADN in 2014-2019. The results of the analysis showed that the investments carried out in both groups undoubtedly contributed to the significant development of the farms. Income per 1 working person from a farming family (1 FWU) increased in both groups by 95.3% and 78.5%, respectively in 2014-2019. Changes in technical efficiency, measured with the Malmquist index, showed an improvement in efficiency in both groups, but only in the group of farms investing in new buildings the changes were favorable both in terms of efficiency improvement and technological progress. Ultimately, measurement of efficiency showed its increase in the group investing in buildings by 0.7% and in the case of new livestock buildings by 3.4%.
Updated constraints on Georgi-Machacek model, and its electroweak phase transition and associated gravitational waves
Creators: name: Chen, Ting-Kuo
name: Chiang, Cheng-Wei
name: Huang, Cheng-Tse
name: Lu, Bo-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With theoretical constraints such as perturbative unitarity and vacuum stability conditions and updated experimental data of Higgs measurements and direct searches for exotic scalars at the LHC, we perform an updated scan of the allowed parameter space of the Georgi-Machacek (GM) model. With the refined global fit, we examine the allowed parameter space for inducing strong first-order electroweak phase transitions (EWPTs) and find only the one-step phase transition is phenomenologically viable. Based upon the result, we study the associated gravitational wave (GW) signals and find most of which can be detected by several proposed experiments. We also make predictions on processes that may serve as promising probes to the GM model in the near future at the LHC, including the di-Higgs productions and several exotic scalar production channels.
description: 42 pages, 11 figures, 9 tables
title: Disentangling sex-specific transcriptomic alterations in the THY-Tau22 mouse model of Alzheimer disease.
Creators: name: Muhammad Ali
name: Pierre Garcia
name: Laetitia P. Lunkes
name: Alessia Sciortino
name: Melanie Thomas
name: Tony Heurtaux
name: Kamil Grzyb
name: Rashi Halder
name: Alexander Skupin
name: BUEE, Luc
name: Blum, David
name: Buttini, Manuel
name: Glaab, Enrico
Publisher: name: LCSB
Year: 2023

description: Abstract:
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-beta and tau proteins in vulnerable brain regions. While the main pathological hallmarks of AD are shared across the sexes, a diverse array of sex differences have been documented in relation to both AD-associated symptoms and molecular characteristics. To gain insights into AD-associated molecular changes and their sex-dependence for tau-associated pathologies in the cortex as one of the most severely affected brain regions, we performed single-cell gene activity profiling in the THY-Tau22 mouse model. By studying cell-type specific and cell-type agnostic AD-related changes and their sex-dimorphism for single genes, pathways and cellular sub-networks, we aimed to identify both statistically significant alterations and interpret the upstream mechanisms that control them.
Our results confirm several significant sex-dependent gene activity changes in the THY-Tau22 model mice compared to controls, including changes shared across multiple cell types and changes unique to particular cell types. The differential genes displayed a significant over-representation among the members of known AD-relevant cellular processes, e.g., pathways associated with neuronal differentiation, programmed cell death and inflammatory responses. The regulatory network analysis of these genes revealed upstream regulators which modulate many of the downstream target genes that display sex-dependent changes in the THY-Tau22 model. Most of the main regulators have previously already been implicated in AD, such as Egr1, Klf4, Chchd2, complement system genes, and myelin-associated glycoproteins. We also compared our findings from this study against the ones reported in the neocortex of Tg2576 AD mouse model and post-mortem human brain tissues from the entorhinal cortex and found 5 unique genes (MBP, MALAT1, PLP1, HSP90AA1, and ACTB) to be commonly differentially expressed across all three datasets in a cell type-specific manner.
In summary, we observed statistically significant cell-type specific changes across several genes, pathways and sub-networks in the THY-Tau22 mouse model, with a strong over-representation of known AD-associated genes and processes. These changes include both sex-neutral and several sex-specific and sex-dimorphic patterns, with consistent and mechanistically interpretable alterations in upstream master regulators and their downstream target genes. Overall, these findings provide insights into the potential molecular mechanisms driving sex-specific susceptibility to AD, and reveal key regulatory proteins that may serve as targets for the development of pharmacological strategies to address sex-dependent pathology in AD.
Effekte professionsorientierten Lernens auf die fachmathematische Wahrnehmung und die Einstellungen von Lehramtsstudierenden
Creators: name: Sebök, Kata
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fachmathematik
subject: Lehramtsstudium
subject: Professionsorientierung
subject: Noticing
subject: Beliefs
subject: Hochschule
subject: Lehrerbildung (1., 2. und 3. Phase)
subject: MINT & STEM-Education
subject: Analysis
subject: 510

description: Die Relevanz der fachmathematischen Lehrveranstaltungen im Lehramtsstudium wird von Studierenden und Lehrenden erfahrungsgemäß sehr unterschiedlich eingeschätzt. Während viele (angehende) Lehrpersonen über den – für die Unterrichtstätigkeit an der Schule als übertrieben empfundenen – Stoffumfang und den fehlenden Praxisbezug klagen (Tietze, 1990; Mischau & Blunck, 2006), warnen Universitätslehrende davor, dass Studierenden die fachlichen Anforderungen ihres zukünftigen Berufs nicht bewusst seien (Hefendehl-Hebeker, 2013). Im hier beschriebenen Dissertationsprojekt wurde daher eine Intervention entworfen, in der Inhalte aus den Analysis-Fachvorlesungen als nützliche und für professionelles Handeln notwendige Tools beim Ausführen typischer Lehrer*innentätigkeiten erlebt werden können. Mithilfe eines Prä-Post-Test-Designs sollen dabei die Effekte einer solchen Intervention auf die Einstellungen sowie die professionelle Wahrnehmung der Studierenden erhoben werden.
Additional file 1 of Patient-centered care during the last year of life: adaptation and validation of the German PACIC short form for bereaved persons as proxies (PACIC-S9-proxy)
Creators: name: Vennedey, Vera
name: Dust, Gloria
name: Schippel, Nicolas
name: Shukri, Arim
name: Strupp, Julia
name: Rietz, Christian
name: Voltz, Raymond
name: Stock, Stephanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary file 1. English Version: Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care Short Form for Proxies (PACIC-S9-Proxy)
Symbiotic stars in X-rays II: faint sources detected with XMM-Newton and Chandra
Creators: name: Nuñez, N. E.
name: Luna, G. J. M.
name: Pillitteri, I.
name: Mukai, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection, with ${\it Chandra}$ and XMM-${\it Newton}$, of faint, soft X-ray emission from four symbiotics stars that were not known to be X-ray sources. These four object show a $β$-type X-ray spectrum, i.e. their spectra can be modeled with an absorbed optically thin thermal emission with temperatures of a few million degrees. Photometric series obtained with the Optical Monitor on board XMM-${\it Newton}$ from V2416 Sgr and NSV 25735 support the proposed scenario where the X-ray emission is produced in a shock-heated region inside the symbiotic nebulae.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables; A&A published
Dual Branch Neural Network for Sea Fog Detection in Geostationary Ocean Color Imager
Creators: name: Zhou, Yuan
name: Chen, Keran
name: Li, Xiaofeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sea fog significantly threatens the safety of maritime activities. This paper develops a sea fog dataset (SFDD) and a dual branch sea fog detection network (DB-SFNet). We investigate all the observed sea fog events in the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea (118.1°E-128.1°E, 29.5°N-43.8°N) from 2010 to 2020, and collect the sea fog images for each event from the Geostationary Ocean Color Imager (GOCI) to comprise the dataset SFDD. The location of the sea fog in each image in SFDD is accurately marked. The proposed dataset is characterized by a long-time span, large number of samples, and accurate labeling, that can substantially improve the robustness of various sea fog detection models. Furthermore, this paper proposes a dual branch sea fog detection network to achieve accurate and holistic sea fog detection. The poporsed DB-SFNet is composed of a knowledge extraction module and a dual branch optional encoding decoding module. The two modules jointly extracts discriminative features from both visual and statistical domain. Experiments show promising sea fog detection results with an F1-score of 0.77 and a critical success index of 0.63. Compared with existing advanced deep learning networks, DB-SFNet is superior in detection performance and stability, particularly in the mixed cloud and fog areas.
Neutrino mass and mass ordering: No conclusive evidence for normal ordering
Creators: name: Gariazzo, Stefano
name: Gerbino, Martina
name: Brinckmann, Thejs
name: Lattanzi, Massimiliano
name: Mena, Olga
name: Schwetz, Thomas
name: Choudhury, Shouvik Roy
name: Freese, Katherine
name: Hannestad, Steen
name: Ternes, Christoph A.
name: Tórtola, Mariam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extraction of the neutrino mass ordering is one of the major challenges in particle physics and cosmology, not only for its implications for a fundamental theory of mass generation in nature, but also for its decisive role in the scale of future neutrinoless double beta decay experimental searches. It has been recently claimed that current oscillation, beta decay and cosmological limits on the different observables describing the neutrino mass parameter space provide robust decisive Bayesian evidence in favor of the normal ordering of the neutrino mass spectrum [arXiv:2203.14247]. We further investigate these strong claims using a rich and wide phenomenology, with different sampling techniques of the neutrino parameter space. Contrary to the findings of Jimenez et al [arXiv:2203.14247], no decisive evidence for the normal mass ordering is found. Neutrino mass ordering analyses must rely on priors and parameterizations that are ordering-agnostic: robust results should be regarded as those in which the preference for the normal neutrino mass ordering is driven exclusively by the data, while we find a difference of up to a factor of 33 in the Bayes factors among the different priors and parameterizations exploited here. An ordering-agnostic prior would be represented by the case of parameterizations sampling over the two mass splittings and a mass scale, or those sampling over the individual neutrino masses via normal prior distributions only. In this regard, we show that the current significance in favor of the normal mass ordering should be taken as $2.7σ$ (i.e. moderate evidence), mostly driven by neutrino oscillation data.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Absorption and Injection Models for Open Time-Dependent Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Traversa, Fabio L.
name: Zhan, Zhen
name: Oriols, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the time-dependent simulation of pure states dealing with transport in open quantum systems, the initial state is located outside of the active region of interest. Using the superposition principle and the analytical knowledge of the free time-evolution of such state outside the active region, together with absorbing layers and remapping, a model for a very significant reduction of the computational burden associated to the numerical simulation of open time-dependent quantum systems is presented. The model is specially suited to study (many-particle and high-frequency effects) quantum transport, but it can also be applied to any other research field where the initial time-dependent pure state is located outside of the active region. From numerical simulations of open quantum systems described by the (effective mass) Schrödinger and (atomistic) tight-binding equations, a reduction of the computational burden of about two orders of magnitude for each spatial dimension of the domain with a negligible error is presented.
Additional file 6 of AllCoPol: inferring allele co-ancestry in polyploids
Creators: name: Lautenschlager, Ulrich
name: Wagner, Florian
name: Oberprieler, Christoph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6: Tables S4–S11. Optimization of tuning parameters for validation analyses.
Effect on the Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator MnBi$_2$Te$_4$ with Sn Doping
Creators: name: Changdar, Susmita
name: Ghosh, Susanta
name: Vijay, Kritika
name: Kar, Indrani
name: Routh, Sayan
name: Maheswari, P. K.
name: Ghorai, Soumya
name: Banik, Soma
name: Thirupathaiah, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We thoroughly investigate the effect of nonmagnetic Sn doping on the electronic and magnetic properties of antiferromagnetic topological insulator MnBi$_2$Te$_4$. We observe that Sn doping reduces the out-of-plane antiferromagnetic (AFM) interactions in MnBi$_2$Te$_4$ up to 68\% of Sn concentration and above the system is found to be paramagnetic. In this way, the anomalous Hall effect observed at a very high field of 7.8 T in MnBi$_2$Te$_4$ is reduced to 2 T with 68\% of Sn doping. Electrical transport measurements suggest that all compositions are metallic in nature, while the low-temperature resistivity is sensitive to the AFM ordering and to the doping-induced disorder. Hall effect study demonstrates that Sn actually dopes electrons into the system, thus, enhancing the electron carrier density almost by two orders at 68\% of Sn. In contrast, SnBi$_2$Te$_4$ is found to be a p-type system. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) studies show that the topological properties are intact at least up to 55\% of Sn as the Dirac surface states are present in the valance band, but in SnBi$_2$Te$_4$ we are unable to detect the topological states due to heavy hole doping. Overall, Sn doping significantly affects the electronic and magnetic properties of MnBi$_2$Te$_4$.
description: 8 pages and 6 figures
On the instabilities of intrinsic thermoacoustic modes in a thermoacoustic waveguide with anechoic terminations
Creators: name: Hao, Haitian
name: Semperlotti, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent study [H. Hao and F. Semperlotti, Phys. Rev. B 104, 104303 (2021)] investigated the dynamic behavior of an infinite one-dimensional (1D) thermoacoustic waveguide (TAWG) and illustrated its ability to sustain nonreciprocal and near zero-index sound propagation behavior; these properties can be very beneficial in the design of acoustic devices, including acoustic diodes, amplifiers, and cloaks. Nevertheless, it is critical to realize that when this concept is implemented in a finite-length waveguide, dynamic instabilities may occur and either drastically reduce or completely hinder the ability of the TAWG to control and manipulate sound. In this work, we uncover and investigate the occurrence of either evanescent or intrinsic thermoacoustic (ITA) modes in a 1D TAWG with anechoic terminations. The stability analysis clearly distinguishes these two types of evanescent modes and highlights their different origin rooted in either acoustic or thermoviscous effects. Numerical results reveal that ITA modes in anechoic-terminated TAWG are strictly connected to the acoustic-driven evanescent modes, and evolve towards unstable modes as the TA coupling strength is increased. This study may have important implications for the practical design of novel acoustic manipulating devices enabled by TA coupling elements. The conclusions drawn in this study may also shed lights on the effective suppression of instabilities in TAWGs.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Quantum entanglement due to modulated Dynamical Casimir Effect
Creators: name: Busch, Xavier
name: Parentani, Renaud
name: Robertson, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the creation and entanglement of quasiparticle pairs due to a periodic variation of the mode frequencies of a homogeneous quantum system. Depending on the values of the parameters describing the periodic modulation, the number of created pairs either oscillates or, in a narrow resonant frequency interval, grows exponentially in time. For a system initially in a thermal state, we determine in which cases the final state is quantum mechanically entangled, i.e., where the bipartite state is nonseparable. We include some weak dissipation, expected to be found in any experimental setup, and study the corresponding reduction of the quantum entanglement. Our findings are used to interpret the results of two recent experiments.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures. Version 2 similar to the journal version
Additional file 5 of Improving care for residents in long term care facilities experiencing an acute change in health status
Creators: name: Munene, Abraham
name: Lang, Eddy
name: Ewa, Vivian
name: Hair, Heather
name: Cummings, Greta
name: McLane, Patrick
name: Spackman, Eldon
name: Faris, Peter
name: Zuzic, Nancy
name: Quail, Patrick B.
name: George, Marian
name: Heinemeyer, Anne
name: Grigat, Daniel
name: McMillen, Mark
name: Reid, Shawna
name: Jayna Holroyd-Leduc
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 5. Consent documents. Sample of Consent documents for LTC managers and Residents of their family members.
Lernen und Problemlösen – Zwei Seiten einer Medaille?
Creators: name: Stenzel, Thomas
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Lernstrategien
subject: Problemlösen
subject: Studieneingangsphase
subject: Hochschule
subject: Algebra
subject: Schnittstelle Sek 2 und Hochschule
subject: Analysis
subject: 510

description: „Vom lerntheoretischen Standpunkt aus ist jedes Lernen ein Problemlöseprozess. Ein ‚Problem‘ ist schlichtweg eine Diskrepanz zwischen der Erwartung eines Individuums und der von ihm wahrgenommenen tatsächlichen Situation, oder unpersönlicher ausgedrückt: zwischen vorliegendem Ausgangszustand und erwünschtem Zielzustand.“ (Leuders, 2017) Dieses Zitat macht deutlich, dass zwischen Lernen und Problemlösen ein enger Zusammenhang besteht. Neben dieser Behauptung, dass Lernen immer auch Problemlösen ist, gibt es auch die weit verbreitete Meinung, dass umgekehrt das Lösen von Problemen eine (gute) Lerngelegenheit bietet. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die wechselseitige Beziehung dieser beiden kognitiven Aktivitäten genauer unter die Lupe genommen.
ASSESSMENT OF EMBEDDING RELATIONSHIPS OF AGRICULTURE HOLDINGS` WITH INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATIONS
Creators: name: MARTA, DOMAGALSKA-GRĘDYS
name: JANUSZ, ŻMIJA
name: MARTA, DOMAGALSKA-GRĘDYS
name: JANUSZ, ŻMIJA
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: embedding relationships
subject: industry and geographical embeddedness
subject: industry organisations
subject: conservation breeds

description: The aim of the research was to assess the relationship of farms with industry organizations (IOs) in terms of the phenomenon of embedding (industry and geographical). The occurrence of the embedding features of relations was considered in the context of obtained economic features of farms, such as: sales, direct costs, percentage of contracting. Using an interview questionnaire, the research was conducted on a purposive sample of 145 holdings keeping breeding animals of conservation breeds (cattle, pigs, and sheep) and the industry organisations cooperating with them in south-eastern Poland. The quality of the relationships that shape the embeddedness was assessed using multiple step regression in groups by industry and geographic location. The results indicate the potential for increased economic efficiency with industry embeddedness of pig farms. The most important feature of the industry setting influencing the increase in sales contracting was the power of dependence in the relationship (the greater the dependence in the relationships, the greater the sales contracting). In the analyzes of the relationships representing the geographical setting, the most significant positive impact was the high rating of the “quality of communication” feature, the presence of which contributed to the reduction of direct costs of farms. Relationships between farms and industry organizations can be industry-specific and geographically embedded, and „rooting effects” should always be critically analyzed and not treated as a unique, distinguishing feature.
Religijne inspiracje Medytacji Kartezjusza
Creators: name: Tomaszewska, Anna
Publisher: name: Diametros
Year: 2008

description: Recenzja książki: Zbigniew Janowski, Teodycea Kartezjańska, Wydawnictwo ARCANA, Kraków 1998
description: Diametros, No 18 (2008)
Inverse Tritium Beta Decay with Relic Neutrinos, Solar Neutrinos, and a 51Cr Source
Creators: name: Peng, Jen-Chieh
name: Baym, Gordon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inverse tritium beta decay (ITBD) reaction, $ν_e + ^3$H $\to e^- + ^3$He, is a promising experimental tool for observing relic neutrinos created in the early Universe. This reaction has been selected by the PTOLEMY experiment for the search of relic neutrinos. Despite its potential, the ITBD reaction induced by any sources of neutrinos has yet to be observed. We show that an intense $^{51}$Cr radioactive neutrino source is suitable for observing the ITBD reaction for the first time. As the Sun is another source of intense electron neutrinos, we also examine the ITBD reaction rate from solar neutrinos. Based on our recent studies on the evolution of the helicity of relic neutrinos, we further present the ITBD rate for capturing relic neutrinos as a function of neutrino mass hierarchy, the Dirac versus Majorana nature of neutrino, and the mass of the lightest neutrino.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, final version to appear in PRD
ConcePTION: Adaptable Pharmacovigilance Infographic
Creators: name: Alison, Oliver
name: Stephens Sally
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This is an infographic to explain in plain language what pharmacovigilance is. It is created in PowerPoint and can be adapted and/or translated as needed. This adaptable infographic is part of a toolbox for communication campaigns developed as part of the IMI ConcePTION project.
High precision determination of the $Q^2$-evolution of the Bjorken Sum
Creators: name: Deur, A.
name: Prok, Y.
name: Burkert, V.
name: Crabb, D.
name: Girod, F. -X.
name: Griffioen, K. A.
name: Guler, N.
name: Kuhn, S. E.
name: Kvaltine, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a significantly improved determination of the Bjorken Sum for 0.6$\leq Q^{2}\leq$4.8 GeV$^{2}$ using precise new $g_{1}^{p}$ and $g_{1}^{d}$ data taken with the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab. A higher-twist analysis of the $Q^{2}$-dependence of the Bjorken Sum yields the twist-4 coefficient $f_{2}^{p-n}=-0.064 \pm0.009\pm_{0.036}^{0.032}$. This leads to the color polarizabilities $χ_{E}^{p-n}=-0.032\pm0.024$ and $χ_{B}^{p-n}=0.032\pm0.013$. The strong force coupling is determined to be $α_{s}^{\overline{\mbox{ MS}}}(M_{Z}^{2})=0.1124\pm0.0061$, which has an uncertainty a factor of 1.5 smaller than earlier estimates using polarized DIS data. This improvement makes the comparison between $α_{s}$ extracted from polarized DIS and other techniques a valuable test of QCD.
description: Published in Phys. Rev. D. V1: 8 pages, 3 figures. V2: Updated references; Included threshold matching in \alpha_s evolution. Corrected a typo on the uncertainty for \Lambda_QCD. V3: Published version
Problematycznie o problemach współczesnej fizyki
Creators: name: Wołkowski, Piotr
Publisher: name: Diametros
Year: 2008

description: Recenzja książki: Lee Smolin, The Trouble with Physics: The Rise of String Theory, the Fall of a Science, and What Comes Next, Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, New York 2006
description: Diametros, No 18 (2008)
Leopold Hess i Maja Kittel o modalnym realizmie i nazwach własnych
Creators: name: Warzoszczak, Piotr
Publisher: name: Diametros
Year: 2008

description: Polemika z tekstem: Leopold Hess, Maja Kittel, Modalny realizm raz jeszcze, Diametros 17
description: Diametros, No 18 (2008)
Image sensing with multilayer, nonlinear optical neural networks
Creators: name: Wang, Tianyu
name: Sohoni, Mandar M.
name: Wright, Logan G.
name: Stein, Martin M.
name: Ma, Shi-Yuan
name: Onodera, Tatsuhiro
name: Anderson, Maxwell G.
name: McMahon, Peter L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Optical imaging is commonly used for both scientific and technological applications across industry and academia. In image sensing, a measurement, such as of an object's position, is performed by computational analysis of a digitized image. An emerging image-sensing paradigm breaks this delineation between data collection and analysis by designing optical components to perform not imaging, but encoding. By optically encoding images into a compressed, low-dimensional latent space suitable for efficient post-analysis, these image sensors can operate with fewer pixels and fewer photons, allowing higher-throughput, lower-latency operation. Optical neural networks (ONNs) offer a platform for processing data in the analog, optical domain. ONN-based sensors have however been limited to linear processing, but nonlinearity is a prerequisite for depth, and multilayer NNs significantly outperform shallow NNs on many tasks. Here, we realize a multilayer ONN pre-processor for image sensing, using a commercial image intensifier as a parallel optoelectronic, optical-to-optical nonlinear activation function. We demonstrate that the nonlinear ONN pre-processor can achieve compression ratios of up to 800:1 while still enabling high accuracy across several representative computer-vision tasks, including machine-vision benchmarks, flow-cytometry image classification, and identification of objects in real scenes. In all cases we find that the ONN's nonlinearity and depth allowed it to outperform a purely linear ONN encoder. Although our experiments are specialized to ONN sensors for incoherent-light images, alternative ONN platforms should facilitate a range of ONN sensors. These ONN sensors may surpass conventional sensors by pre-processing optical information in spatial, temporal, and/or spectral dimensions, potentially with coherent and quantum qualities, all natively in the optical domain.
Temporally and Spatially variant-resolution illumination patterns in computational ghost imaging
Creators: name: Zhou, Dong
name: Cao, Jie
name: Cui, Huan
name: Lin, Li-Xing
name: Zhang, Haoyu
name: Zhang, Yingqiang
name: Hao, Qun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventional computational ghost imaging (CGI) uses light carrying a sequence of patterns with uniform-resolution to illuminate the object, then performs correlation calculation based on the light intensity value reflected by the target and the preset patterns to obtain object image. It requires a large number of measurements to obtain high-quality images, especially if high-resolution images are to be obtained. To solve this problem, we developed temporally variable-resolution illumination patterns, replacing the conventional uniform-resolution illumination patterns with a sequence of patterns of different imaging resolutions. In addition, we propose to combine temporally variable-resolution illumination patterns and spatially variable-resolution structure to develop temporally and spatially variable-resolution (TSV) illumination patterns, which not only improve the imaging quality of the region of interest (ROI) but also improve the robustness to noise. The methods using proposed illumination patterns are verified by simulations and experiments compared with CGI. For the same number of measurements, the method using temporally variable-resolution illumination patterns has better imaging quality than CGI, but it is less robust to noise. The method using TSV illumination patterns has better imaging quality in ROI than the method using temporally variable-resolution illumination patterns and CGI under the same number of measurements. We also experimentally verify that the method using TSV patterns have better imaging performance when applied to higher resolution imaging. The proposed methods are expected to solve the current computational ghost imaging that is difficult to achieve high-resolution and high-quality imaging.
Language rights for ?new minorities?: an inclusive perspective on linguistic diversity in Europe
Creators: name: Zeba, Mattia
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento
Year: 2022

description: In the last few decades, it has been increasingly debated whether new minorities? heritage languages should be granted a similar level of protection as old minorities? languages. However, a lack of interdisciplinary dialogue has led to confusion regarding terminological distinctions. Furthermore, there have been few analyses of which lessons can be drawn from minority rights regimes implemented for ?old minorities? at the state level, inspiring the development of new solutions that respond to the case-specific issues raised by ?new minorities?. Indeed, although it is crucial to highlight what these issues are, many studies, however, have adopted rather paternalistic ?top-down? approaches, thus formulating the claims of ?new minorities? without their direct involvement. The thesis illustrates a path towards a more inclusive system of language protection and promotion that includes the languages of ?new minorities? and embraces multilingualism as an inevitable characteristic of post-modern societies. To this end, it firstly reorganises the debate on ?language rights for new minorities? by identifying and answering some preliminary questions common to different disciplines. Secondly, it identifies heritage language speakers? attitudes towards heritage language maintenance and multilingualism through a set of structured and semi-structured interviews with ?representatives? of the ?new minority? category in order to provide a much more focused analysis of already implemented solutions and their potential transferability to new contexts. Thirdly, it constructs a set of ?significant practices? in the field of language rights and policies based on these relevant solutions and their link to the specific needs and claims of ?new minorities?. Overall, it advocates an interdisciplinary, inclusive and integrated approach to linguistic diversity in Europe.
Kilka uwag w sprawie Leibniza i możliwych światów
Creators: name: Werner, Konrad
Publisher: name: Diametros
Year: 2008

description: Polemika z tekstami: Piotr Warzoszczak, Modalny realizm i nazwy własne oraz Leopold Hess, Maja Kittel Modalny realizm raz jeszcze.
description: Diametros, No 18 (2008)
Impact of surface charge depletion on the free electron nonlinear response of heavily doped semiconductors
Creators: name: De Luca, Federico
name: Ciracì, Cristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose surface modulation of the equilibrium charge density as a technique to control and enhance, via an external static potential, the free electron nonlinear response of heavily doped semiconductors. Within a hydrodynamic perturbative approach, we predict a two order of magnitude boost of free electron third-harmonic generation.
Stellar wind interaction and pick-up ion escape of the Kepler-11 "super-Earths"
Creators: name: Kislyakova, K. G.
name: Johnstone, C. P.
name: Odert, P.
name: Erkaev, N. V.
name: Lammer, H.
name: Lüftinger, T.
name: Holmström, M.
name: Khodachenko, M. L.
name: Güdel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interactions between stellar wind and the extended hydrogen-dominated upper atmospheres of planets and the resulting escape of planetary pick-up ions from the 5 "super-Earths" in the compact Kepler-11 system and compare the escape rates with the efficiency of the thermal escape of neutral hydrogen atoms. Assuming the stellar wind of Kepler-11 is similar to the solar wind, we use a polytropic 1D hydrodynamic wind model to estimate the wind properties at the planetary orbits. We apply a Direct Simulation Monte Carlo Model to model the hydrogen coronae and the stellar wind plasma interaction around Kepler-11b-f within a realistic expected heating efficiency range of 15-40%. The same model is used to estimate the ion pick-up escape from the XUV heated and hydrodynamically extended upper atmospheres of Kepler-11b-f. From the interaction model we study the influence of possible magnetic moments, calculate the charge exchange and photoionization production rates of planetary ions and estimate the loss rates of pick-up H+ ions for all five planets. We compare the results between the five "super-Earths" and in a more general sense also with the thermal escape rates of the neutral planetary hydrogen atoms. Our results show that for all Kepler-11b-f exoplanets, a huge neutral hydrogen corona is formed around the planet. The non-symmetric form of the corona changes from planet to planet and is defined mostly by radiation pressure and gravitational effects. Non-thermal escape rates of pick-up ionized hydrogen atoms for Kepler-11 "super-Earths" vary between approximately 6.4e30 1/s and 4.1e31 1/s depending on the planet's orbital location and assumed heating efficiency. These values correspond to non-thermal mass loss rates of approximately 1.07e7 g/s and 6.8e7 g/s respectively, which is a few percent of the thermal escape rates.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted to A&A