cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Science Teachers' Perceptions of Social-Emotional Learning: Lessons from Oman
Creators: name: Shahat, Mohamed A.
name: Ambusaidi, Abdullah K.
name: Al-Busaidi, Abir
name: Al-Qulhati, Manal
Publisher: name: Alberta Journal of Educational Research
Year: 2022

description: The study aimed to identify science teachers' perceptions of social-emotional learning. A descriptive approach using quantitative methodology was followed, and a nationally representative sample of male and female science teachers (n = 1034) was used. A questionnaire was designed and used for data collection. The results revealed that science teachers have negative perceptions of emotional-social learning. Statistically significant differences were found between females and males. Also, there was a statistically significant difference based on grade level taught. However, there were no statistically significant differences in science teachers' perceptions due to years of teaching experience. Implications are discussed and recommendations are offered for promoting teachers' social-emotional competence. Keywords: Science Teacher, perception, Social-Emotional Learning, Sultanate of Oman L'étude visait à identifier les perceptions des enseignants de sciences sur l'apprentissage socio-émotionnel. L’étude a suivi une approche descriptive utilisant une méthodologie quantitative et elle repose sur un échantillon représentatif au niveau national de enseignants de sciences masculins et féminins (n = 1 034). Un questionnaire a été conçu et utilisé pour la collecte des données. Les résultats ont révélé que les enseignants de sciences ont des perceptions négatives de l'apprentissage émotionnel et social. On a constaté des différences statistiquement significatives entre les femmes et les hommes. De même, une différence statistiquement significative a été constatée en fonction du niveau scolaire enseigné. Cependant, aucune différence statistiquement significative dans les perceptions des enseignants de sciences n’a été constaté en fonction des années d'expérience d'enseignement. Les implications sont discutées et des recommandations sont proposées pour promouvoir la compétence socio-émotionnelle des enseignants. Mots clés : enseignant de sciences, perception, apprentissage socio-affectif, Sultanat d'Oman.
description: Alberta Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 68 No. 4 (2022): Winter
A companion on the planet/brown dwarf mass boundary on a wide orbit discovered by gravitational microlensing
Creators: name: Poleski, R.
name: Udalski, A.
name: Bond, I. A.
name: Beaulieu, J. P.
name: Clanton, C.
name: Gaudi, S.
name: Szymański, M. K.
name: Soszyński, I.
name: Pietrukowicz, P.
name: Kozłowski, Szymon
name: Skowron, J.
name: Wyrzykowski, Ł.
name: Ulaczyk, K.
name: Bennett, D. P.
name: Sumi, T.
name: Suzuki, D.
name: Rattenbury, N. J.
name: Koshimoto, N.
name: Abe, F.
name: Asakura, Y.
name: Barry, R. K.
name: Bhattacharya, A.
name: Donachie, M.
name: Evans, P.
name: Fukui, A.
name: Hirao, Y.
name: Itow, Y.
name: Li, M. C. A.
name: Ling, C. H.
name: Masuda, K.
name: Matsubara, Y.
name: Muraki, Y.
name: Nagakane, M.
name: Ohnishi, K.
name: Ranc, C.
name: Saito, To.
name: Sharan, A.
name: Sullivan, D. J.
name: Tristram, P. J.
name: Yamada, T.
name: Yamada, T.
name: Yonehara, A.
name: Batista, V.
name: Marquette, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of a substellar companion to the primary host lens in the microlensing event MOA-2012-BLG-006. The companion-to-host mass ratio is 0.016, corresponding to a companion mass of $\approx8~M_{\rm Jup} (M_*/0.5M_\odot)$. Thus, the companion is either a high-mass giant planet or a low-mass brown dwarf, depending on the mass of the primary $M_*$. The companion signal was separated from the peak of the primary event by a time that was as much as four times longer than the event timescale. We therefore infer a relatively large projected separation of the companion from its host of $\approx10~{\rm a.u.}(M_*/0.5M_\odot)^{1/2}$ for a wide range (3-7 kpc) of host star distances from the Earth. We also challenge a previous claim of a planetary companion to the lens star in microlensing event OGLE-2002-BLG-045.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Quantum Monte Carlo simulation of a two-dimensional Majorana lattice model
Creators: name: Hayata, Tomoya
name: Yamamoto, Arata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study interacting Majorana fermions in two dimensions as a low-energy effective model of a vortex lattice in two-dimensional time-reversal-invariant topological superconductors. For that purpose, we implement ab-initio quantum Monte Carlo simulation to the Majorana fermion system in which the path-integral measure is given by a semi-positive Pfaffian. We discuss spontaneous breaking of time-reversal symmetry at finite temperature.
Supporting Graduate Writers Through a Writing Commons
Creators: name: Eaton, Christopher
name: Dombroski, Jill
Publisher: name: Alberta Journal of Educational Research
Year: 2022

description: This paper reports on how we developed a Writing Commons to support graduate student needs within our faculty. Graduate writers often require more concentrated and specific support than traditional support sources (e.g., writing centres, supervisors) can provide. We argue that local writing support spaces, like a Writing Commons, can meet these needs for graduate writers by opening a flexible, student-centric space for both writing support and time to write. We detail how faculties can go beyond just establishing graduate communities and instead provide concentrated writing support for graduate students. A Writing Commons can mitigate the isolation and pressures of the high stakes writing experiences that graduate students face by providing feedback and support, space to discuss common writing challenges within a program, and community with other writers. Near the end of the paper, we discuss steps that others can take to increase support for graduate writers. Keywords: graduate education, graduate writing, writing support, writing groups, faculty support Cet article rend compte de la façon dont nous avons développé un centre d'écriture commune pour répondre aux besoins des étudiants diplômés au sein de notre faculté. Les écrivains diplômés ont souvent besoin d'un soutien plus concentré et plus spécifique que celui que les sources de soutien traditionnelles (p. ex., les centres d'écriture, les superviseurs) peuvent offrir. Nous soutenons que les espaces locaux de soutien à l'écriture, comme les centres d'écriture, peuvent répondre à ces besoins des écrivains diplômés en ouvrant un espace polyvalent, centré sur l'étudiant, à la fois pour le soutien à l'écriture et pour le temps d'écrire. Nous expliquons en détail comment les facultés peuvent aller au-delà de la simple création de communautés d'étudiants diplômés et offrir plutôt un soutien à l'écriture visant les étudiants diplômés. Un centre d'écriture peut atténuer l'isolement et la pression des expériences d'écriture à enjeux élevés auxquelles les étudiants diplômés sont confrontés en fournissant des commentaires et du soutien, un espace pour discuter des défis d'écriture communs au sein d'un programme et une communauté avec d'autres écrivains. Vers la fin du document, nous discutons des mesures que d'autres peuvent prendre pour accroître le soutien aux rédacteurs diplômés. Mots clés : enseignement supérieur, rédaction pendant les études supérieures, soutien à la rédaction, groupes de rédaction, soutien du corps enseignant
description: Alberta Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 68 No. 4 (2022): Winter
Textual Analysis Speaks: Pedagogical Documentation as Relational Pedagogy
Creators: name: Fleet, Alma
name: Patterson, Catherine
Publisher: name: Alberta Journal of Educational Research
Year: 2022

description: Despite growing international interest in pedagogical documentation, there is limited research investigating this professional practice. In strengthening the knowledge base, this paper offers textual analysis of material written about pedagogical documentation to enable greater understanding of its nature and purposes. The authors of this paper analyzed the contents of three publications they also contributed to and edited. International chapter authors and commentators shared their thinking related to definitions of pedagogical documentation, its processes and potentialities, as well as elements enabling or constraining engagement. Offering richly contextualised voices within analytical categories, this paper positions pedagogical documentation as conceived in different ways for various purposes. Analysis indicates a foundation of relational pedagogy throughout the data set, an element rarely apparent in current approaches to planning and assessment. Seeing these texts as a combined data source enables a clearer configuration of this phenomenon, thus foregrounding the potential of pedagogical documentation as an empowering transformative component of early childhood settings. Keywords: pedagogical documentation, relational pedagogy, textual analysis, pedagogical transformation, early childhood education Malgré l'intérêt international croissant pour la documentation pédagogique, il existe peu de recherches sur cette pratique professionnelle. Cet article propose une analyse textuelle de documents écrits sur la documentation pédagogique pour permettre une meilleure compréhension de sa nature et de ses objectifs, renforçant ainsi la base de connaissances. Les auteures de cet article ont analysé le contenu de trois publications auxquelles elles ont également contribué et qu'elles ont éditées. Les auteurs de sections internationales et les commentateurs ont partagé leurs réflexions sur les définitions de la documentation pédagogique, ses processus et ses potentialités, ainsi que les éléments permettant ou limitant l'engagement. Offrant des voix richement contextualisées au sein de catégories analytiques, cet article positionne la documentation pédagogique comme étant conçue de différentes manières et à des fins diverses. L'analyse indique un fondement de pédagogie relationnelle dans l'ensemble des données; c’est un élément qui est rarement apparent dans les approches actuelles de planification et d'évaluation. Le fait de considérer ces textes comme une source de données combinée permet une configuration plus claire de ce phénomène, mettant ainsi en avant le potentiel de la documentation pédagogique en tant que composante transformatrice et autonomisante des milieux de la petite enfance. Mots clés : documentation pédagogique, pédagogie relationnelle, analyse textuelle, transformation pédagogique, éducation de la petite enfance
description: Alberta Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 68 No. 4 (2022): Winter
Even spin $\mathcal{N}=4$ holography
Creators: name: Ferreira, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two-dimensional Sp($2N$) vector model with small $\mathcal{N}=4$ superconformal symmetry is formulated, and its chiral algebra is shown to be generated by superprimary fields of even conformal weight. This vector model is the large level limit of a coset theory with large $\mathcal{N}=4$, whose proposed AdS$_3$ dual is a minimal Vasiliev higher spin theory with gauge algebra generated by fields of even spin. The relation of this vector model to the symmetric product orbifold, dual to tensionless strings in AdS$_3$ $\times$ S$^3$ $\times$ $\mathbb{T}^4$, is also worked out.
description: Accepted for publication in JHEP; references added; comments added to the introduction; details added to the final section
Putative roles of vitamin D in impulse control disorders, behavioral addictions and substance use disorders: a scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Jalilian-Khave, Laya
name: Funaro, Melissa
name: Potenza, Marc
name: Angarita, Gustavo
name: Ysrayl, Binah
name: Kitaneh, Razee
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Substance Abuse and Addiction
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Mental and Social Health

description: This review explores the relationship between vitamin D and impulse control disorders, behavioral addictions, and substance use disorders pre-clinically and clinically. Specifically, we will focus on putative mechanisms of action, relationships between vitamin D levels and pre-clinical or clinical outcomes, and relationships between exposure to vitamin D and pre-clinical or clinical outcomes
Quantum quench dynamics
Creators: name: Mitra, Aditi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quench dynamics is an active area of study encompassing condensed matter physics and quantum information, with applications to cold-atomic gases and pump-probe spectroscopy of materials. Recent theoretical progress in studying quantum quenches is reviewed. Quenches in interacting one dimensional systems as well as systems in higher spatial dimensions are covered. The appearance of non-trivial steady states following a quench in exactly solvable models is discussed, and the stability of these states to perturbations is described. Proper conserving approximations needed to capture the onset of thermalization at long times are outlined. The appearance of universal scaling for quenches near critical points, and the role of the renormalization group in capturing the transient regime, are reviewed. Finally the effect of quenches near critical points on the dynamics of entanglement entropy and entanglement statistics is discussed. The extraction of critical exponents from the entanglement statistics is outlined.
description: Annual Reviews of Condensed Matter Physics
Gate-Defined One-Dimensional Channel and Broken Symmetry States in MoS$_2$ van der Waals Heterostructures
Creators: name: Pisoni, Riccardo
name: Lee, Yongjin
name: Overweg, Hiske
name: Eich, Marius
name: Simonet, Pauline
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Gorbachev, Roman
name: Ihn, Thomas
name: Ensslin, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have realized encapsulated trilayer MoS$_2$ devices with gated graphene contacts. In the bulk, we observe an electron mobility as high as 7000~cm$^{2}$/(V s) at a density of 3 $\times$ 10$^{12}$~cm$^{-2}$ at a temperature of 1.9~K. Shubnikov--de Haas oscillations start at magnetic fields as low as 0.9~T. The observed 3-fold Landau level degeneracy can be understood based on the valley Zeeman effect. Negatively biased split gate electrodes allow us to form a channel that can be completely pinched off for sufficiently large gate voltages. The measured conductance displays plateau-like features.
description: 4 figures
Heavy decaying dark matter and large-scale anisotropy of high-energy cosmic rays
Creators: name: Kalashev, O. E.
name: Kuznetsov, M. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the role of the large--scale anisotropy of the high--energy cosmic ray distribution in a search for the heavy decaying dark matter (DM) signal. Using recent anisotropy measurements from the extensive air shower (EAS) observatories we constrain the lifetime of the DM particles with masses $10^{7}~\leq~M_X~\leq~10^{16}$ GeV. These constraints appear to be weaker than that obtained with the high energy gamma-ray limits. We also estimate the desired precision level for the anisotropy measurements to discern the decaying DM signal marginally allowed by the gamma-ray limits and discuss the prospects of the DM search with the modern EAS facilities.
description: matches the journal version, 19 pages, 5 figures
A Preliminary Analysis on the Effects of Propensity to Trust in Distributed Software Development
Creators: name: Calefato, Fabio
name: Lanubile, Filippo
name: Novielli, Nicole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Establishing trust between developers working at distant sites facilitates team collaboration in distributed software development. While previous research has focused on how to build and spread trust in absence of direct, face-to-face communication, it has overlooked the effects of the propensity to trust, i.e., the trait of personality representing the individual disposition to perceive the others as trustworthy. In this study, we present a preliminary, quantitative analysis on how the propensity to trust affects the success of collaborations in a distributed project, where the success is represented by pull requests whose code changes and contributions are successfully merged into the project's repository.
description: 5 pages
Modulation of Galactic Cosmic Rays in the Inner Heliosphere, Comparing with PAMELA Measurements
Creators: name: Qin, Gang
name: Shen, Zhenning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a numerical model to study the time-dependent modulation of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) in the inner heliosphere. In the model a time-delayed modified Parker heliospheric magnetic field (HMF) and a new diffusion coefficient model, NLGCE-F, from Qin \& Zhang (2014), are adopted. In addition, the latitudinal dependence of magnetic turbulence magnitude is assumed as $\sim (1+\sin^2θ)/2$ from the observations of Ulysses, and the radial dependence is assumed as $\sim r^S$, where we choose an expression of $S$ as a function of the heliospheric current sheet (HCS) tilt angle. We show that the analytical expression used to describe the spatial variation of HMF turbulence magnitude agrees well with the Ulysses, Voyager 1, and Voyager 2 observations. By numerically calculating the modulation code we get the proton energy spectra as a function of time during the recent solar minimum, it is shown that the modulation results are consistent with the PAMELA measurements.
Climate change, poverty, and health: A scoping review of the Canadian context
Creators: name: Kidd, Sean
name: Bezgrebelna, Mariya
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Purpose: Those experiencing poverty tend to be more exposed to the effects of climate change and less prepared to withstand them, increasing their health vulnerability. Exploring the research conducted in Canada on the interacting influences of climate change and poverty on the physical and mental health can thus help to identify key areas of concern. Research question: In the Canadian context, what are the impacts and implications of climate change and weather extremes on the physical and mental health of those experiencing poverty, as evidenced in the peer-reviewed academic literature? Search engines: Scopus, Pubmed, PsycINFO, Google scholar Search string: ( poverty OR impoverish* OR socioeconomic OR ses OR income ) AND ( climate OR weather ) AND ( mental OR health OR trauma* OR stress* OR anxi* OR eco-anxiety OR depress* OR solastalgia OR distress OR grief OR psycholog* OR well-being OR ill* OR disease OR disorder ) AND ( canad* ) AND ( LIMIT-TO ( DOCTYPE , "re" ) )
Lánczos interpolation explained
Creators: name: Mazzoli, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: When you resize, rotate, or in any way transform an image; or more generally when you resample some discrete signal, the software you are using must _interpolate_ between the discrete points to produce a result. Linear and cubic interpolation are easy to explain, but Lánczos interpolation, one of the most popular methods, is more interesting. In this post we will build up to how Lánczos interpolation works, pulling in various interesting topics on the way.
Neural Networks in Early Fear Bias Development: A Study with Infants
Creators: name: Audah, Hilyatushalihah
name: Kataja, Eeva-Leena
name: Leppänen, Jukka
name: Jolly, Ashmeet
name: Merisaari, Harri
name: Lewis, John
name: Korja, Riikka
name: Nolvi, Saara
name: Karlsson, Linnea
name: Karlsson, Hasse
name: Tuulari, Jetro
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Developmental Neuroscience
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Neuroscience and Neurobiology
subject: DTI
subject: eye-tracking
subject: fear
subject: fear bias
subject: infants
subject: neural networks
subject: tractography

description: This study uses DTI and eye-tracking data to examine the potential neural networks involved in fear bias in infants. The main aim of the current study is to identify whether there is an association between White Matter (WM) tract integrity involved in amygdala-cortical connections and early emotional development in infants. Specifically, is this association present in the development of an attentional bias towards fearful faces?
Cost-efficient vaccination protocols for network epidemiology
Creators: name: Holme, Petter
name: Litvak, Nelly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate methods to vaccinate contact networks -- i.e. removing nodes in such a way that disease spreading is hindered as much as possible -- with respect to their cost-efficiency. Any real implementation of such protocols would come with costs related both to the vaccination itself, and gathering of information about the network. Disregarding this, we argue, would lead to erroneous evaluation of vaccination protocols. We use the susceptible-infected-recovered model -- the generic model for diseases making patients immune upon recovery -- as our disease-spreading scenario, and analyze outbreaks on both empirical and model networks. For different relative costs, different protocols dominate. For high vaccination costs and low costs of gathering information, the so-called acquaintance vaccination is the most cost efficient. For other parameter values, protocols designed for query-efficient identification of the network's largest degrees are most efficient.
Non-Supersymmetric Magic Theories and Ehlers Truncations
Creators: name: Marrani, Alessio
name: Pradisi, Gianfranco
name: Riccioni, Fabio
name: Romano, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the non-supersymmetric "magic" theories based on the split quaternion and the split complex division algebras. We show that these theories arise as "Ehlers" $SL(2,\mathbb{R})$ and $SL(3,\mathbb{R})$ truncations of the maximal supergravity theory, exploiting techniques related to very-extended Kac-Moody algebras. We also generalise the procedure to other $SL(n,\mathbb{R})$ truncations, resulting in additional classes of non-supersymmetric theories, as well as to truncations of non-maximal theories. Finally, we discuss duality orbits of extremal black-hole solutions in some of these non-supersymmetric theories.
description: 37 pages, 8 figures, minor corrections, refs. added. Version published on IJMPA
Large-scale description of interacting one-dimensional Bose gases: generalized hydrodynamics supersedes conventional hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Doyon, Benjamin
name: Dubail, Jérôme
name: Konik, Robert
name: Yoshimura, Takato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theory of generalized hydrodynamics (GHD) was recently developed as a new tool for the study of inhomogeneous time evolution in many-body interacting systems with infinitely many conserved charges. In this letter, we show that it supersedes the widely used conventional hydrodynamics (CHD) of one-dimensional Bose gases. We illustrate this by studying "nonlinear sound waves" emanating from initial density accumulations in the Lieb-Liniger model. We show that, at zero temperature and in the absence of shocks, GHD reduces to CHD, thus for the first time justifying its use from purely hydrodynamic principles. We show that sharp profiles, which appear in finite times in CHD, immediately dissolve into a higher hierarchy of reductions of GHD, with no sustained shock. CHD thereon fails to capture the correct hydrodynamics. We establish the correct hydrodynamic equations, which are finite-dimensional reductions of GHD characterized by multiple, disjoint Fermi seas. We further verify that at nonzero temperature, CHD fails at all nonzero times. Finally, we numerically confirm the emergence of hydrodynamics at zero temperature by comparing its predictions with a full quantum simulation performed using the NRG-TSA-ABACUS algorithm. The analysis is performed in the full interaction range, and is not restricted to either weak- or strong-repulsion regimes.
description: v1: 6+7 pages, 4 figures. v2: 6+9 pages, 7 figures. References added, discussion improved, title changed. v3: 6+9 pages, 7 figures, discussion further improved, references added
Ray tracing and Hubble diagrams in post-Newtonian cosmology
Creators: name: Sanghai, Viraj A. A.
name: Fleury, Pierre
name: Clifton, Timothy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On small scales the observable Universe is highly inhomogeneous, with galaxies and clusters forming a complex web of voids and filaments. The optical properties of such configurations can be quite different from the perfectly smooth Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) solutions that are frequently used in cosmology, and must be well understood if we are to make precise inferences about fundamental physics from cosmological observations. We investigate this problem by calculating redshifts and luminosity distances within a class of cosmological models that are constructed explicitly in order to allow for large density contrasts on small scales. Our study of optics is then achieved by propagating one hundred thousand null geodesics through such space-times, with matter arranged in either compact opaque objects or diffuse transparent haloes. We find that in the absence of opaque objects, the mean of our ray tracing results faithfully reproduces the expectations from FLRW cosmology. When opaque objects with sizes similar to those of galactic bulges are introduced, however, we find that the mean of distance measures can be shifted up from FLRW predictions by as much as $10\%$. This bias is due to the viable photon trajectories being restricted by the presence of the opaque objects, which means that they cannot probe the regions of space-time with the highest curvature. It corresponds to a positive bias of order $10\%$ in the estimation of $Ω_Λ$ and highlights the important consequences that astronomical selection effects can have on cosmological observables.
description: 37 pages, 15 figures, 1 table, v2: matches published version
Higher judgements of learning for emotional words: Processing fluency or memory beliefs?
Creators: name: Stevens, Amanda
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Learners tend to provide higher judgments of learning (JOLs) for emotionally-valenced words compared to neutral words (e.g., Zimmerman & Kelley, 2012). This study involved four experiments designed to examine the relative contribution of processing fluency and memory beliefs to this emotional salience effect on JOLs
Stochastic and Information-thermodynamic Structures of Population Dynamics in Fluctuating Environment
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Tetsuya J.
name: Sughiyama, Yuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Adaptation in a fluctuating environment is a process of fueling environmental information to gain fitness. Living systems have gradually developed strategies for adaptation from random and passive diversification of the phenotype to more proactive decision making, in which environmental information is sensed and exploited more actively and effectively. Understanding the fundamental relation between fitness and information is therefore crucial to clarify the limits and universal properties of adaptation. In this work, we elucidate the underlying stochastic and information-thermodynamic structure in this process, by deriving causal fluctuation relations (FRs) of fitness and information. Combined with a duality between phenotypic and environmental dynamics, the FRs reveal the limit of fitness gain, the relation of time reversibility with the achievability of the limit, and the possibility and condition for gaining excess fitness due to environmental fluctuation. The loss of fitness due to causal constraints and the limited capacity of real organisms is shown to be the difference between time-forward and time-backward path probabilities of phenotypic and environmental dynamics. Furthermore, the FRs generalize the concept of evolutionary stable state (ESS) for fluctuating environment by giving the probability that the optimal strategy on average can be invaded by a suboptimal one owing to rare environmental fluctuation. These results clarify the information thermodynamic structures in adaptation and evolution.
description: 5figures
The 2016 super-Eddington outburst of SMC X-3: X-ray and optical properties and system parameters
Creators: name: Townsend, L. J.
name: Kennea, J. A.
name: Coe, M. J.
name: McBride, V. A.
name: Buckley, D. A. H.
name: Evans, P. A.
name: Udalski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On 2016 July 30 (MJD 57599), observations of the Small Magellanic Cloud by Swift/XRT found an increase in X-ray counts coming from a position consistent with the Be/X-ray binary pulsar SMC X-3. Follow-up observations on 2016 August 3 (MJD 57603) and 2016 August 10 (MJD 57610) revealed a rapidly increasing count rate and confirmed the onset of a new X-ray outburst from the system. Further monitoring by Swift began to uncover the enormity of the outburst, which peaked at 1.2 x 10^39 erg/s on 2016 August 25 (MJD 57625). The system then began a gradual decline in flux that was still continuing over 5 months after the initial detection. We explore the X-ray and optical behaviour of SMC X-3 between 2016 July 30 and 2016 December 18 during this super-Eddington outburst. We apply a binary model to the spin-period evolution that takes into account the complex accretion changes over the outburst, to solve for the orbital parameters. Our results show SMC X-3 to be a system with a moderately low eccentricity amongst the Be/X-ray binary systems and to have a dynamically determined orbital period statistically consistent with the prominent period measured in the OGLE optical light curve. Our optical and X-ray derived ephemerides show that the peak in optical flux occurs roughly 6 days after periastron. The measured increase in I-band flux from the counterpart during the outburst is reflected in the measured equivalent width of the H-alpha line emission, though the H-alpha emission itself seems variable on sub-day time-scales, possibly due to the NS interacting with an inhomogeneous disc.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. This article replaces a previously submitted version
Height premium meta-analysis Supplementary Materials
Creators: name: Puett, Chloe
name: Pecenka, Clint
name: Behrman, Jere R.
name: Sudfeld, Christopher R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Public health not elsewhere classified
Health economics
Nutritional epidemiology
Public health nutrition

description: This document contains details and data from a meta-analysis of selected articles from a previously published literature review on the height premium. Includes details on included studies, height premium estimates and adjusted covariates
Hyper-track selector nuclear emulsion readout system aimed at scanning an area of one thousand square meters
Creators: name: Yoshimoto, Masahiro
name: Nakano, Toshiyuki
name: Komatani, Ryosuke
name: Kawahara, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Automatic nuclear emulsion readout systems have seen remarkable progress since the original idea was developed almost 40 years ago. After the success of its full application to a large-scale neutrino experiment, OPERA, a much faster readout system, the hyper-track selector (HTS), has been developed. HTS, which has an extremely wide-field objective lens, reached a scanning speed of 4700 cm$^2$/h, which is nearly 100 times faster than the previous system and therefore strongly promotes many new experimental projects. We will describe the concept, specifications, system structure, and achieved performance in this paper.
description: 21 pages, 24 figures, 2 tables, submitted to PTEP
Dark Matter's secret liaisons: phenomenology of a dark U(1) sector with bound states
Creators: name: Cirelli, Marco
name: Panci, Paolo
name: Petraki, Kalliopi
name: Sala, Filippo
name: Taoso, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter (DM) charged under a dark U(1) force appears in many extensions of the Standard Model, and has been invoked to explain anomalies in cosmic-ray data, as well as a self-interacting DM candidate. In this paper, we perform a comprehensive phenomenological analysis of such a model, assuming that the DM abundance arises from the thermal freeze-out of the dark interactions. We include, for the first time, bound-state effects both in the DM production and in the indirect detection signals, and quantify their importance for Fermi, AMS, and CMB experiments. We find that DM in the mass range 1 GeV to 100 TeV, annihilating into dark photons of MeV to GeV mass, is in conflict with observations. Instead, DM annihilation into heavier dark photons is viable. We point out that the late decays of multi-GeV dark photons can produce significant entropy and thus dilute the DM density. This can lower considerably the dark coupling needed to obtain the DM abundance, and in turn relax the existing constraints.
description: v3: updated results, published version, 36 pages
Time, Computational Complexity, and Probability in the Analysis of Distance-Bounding Protocols
Creators: name: Kanovich, Max
name: Kirigin, Tajana Ban
name: Nigam, Vivek
name: Scedrov, Andre
name: Talcott, Carolyn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many security protocols rely on the assumptions on the physical properties in which its protocol sessions will be carried out. For instance, Distance Bounding Protocols take into account the round trip time of messages and the transmission velocity to infer an upper bound of the distance between two agents. We classify such security protocols as Cyber-Physical. Time plays a key role in design and analysis of many of these protocols. This paper investigates the foundational differences and the impacts on the analysis when using models with discrete time and models with dense time. We show that there are attacks that can be found by models using dense time, but not when using discrete time. We illustrate this with a novel attack that can be carried out on most Distance Bounding Protocols. In this attack, one exploits the execution delay of instructions during one clock cycle to convince a verifier that he is in a location different from his actual position. We additionally present a probabilistic analysis of this novel attack. As a formal model for representing and analyzing Cyber-Physical properties, we propose a Multiset Rewriting model with dense time suitable for specifying cyber-physical security protocols. We introduce Circle-Configurations and show that they can be used to symbolically solve the reachability problem for our model, and show that for the important class of balanced theories the reachability problem is PSPACE-complete. We also show how our model can be implemented using the computational rewriting tool Maude, the machinery that automatically searches for such attacks.
description: Extending our POST 2015 paper
Multi-frequency Spin Manipulation Using Rapidly Tunable Superconducting Coplanar Waveguide Microresonators
Creators: name: Asfaw, A. T.
name: Sigillito, A. J.
name: Tyryshkin, A. M.
name: Schenkel, T.
name: Lyon, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we demonstrate the use of frequency-tunable superconducting NbTiN coplanar waveguide microresonators for multi-frequency pulsed electron spin resonance (ESR) experiments. By applying a bias current to the center pin, the resonance frequency ($\sim$7.6 GHz) can be continuously tuned by as much as 95 MHz in 270 ns without a change in the quality factor of 3000 at 2K. We demonstrate the ESR performance of our resonators by measuring donor spin ensembles in silicon and show that adiabatic pulses can be used to overcome magnetic field inhomogeneities and microwave power limitations due to the applied bias current. We take advantage of the rapid tunability of these resonators to manipulate both phosphorus and arsenic spins in a single pulse sequence, demonstrating pulsed double electron-electron resonance (DEER). Our NbTiN resonator design is useful for multi-frequency pulsed ESR and should also have applications in experiments where spin ensembles are used as quantum memories.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
On the Hidden Maxwell Superalgebra underlying D=4 Supergravity
Creators: name: Peñafiel, D. M.
name: Ravera, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we expand the hidden $AdS$-Lorentz superalgebra underlying $D=4$ supergravity, reaching a (hidden) Maxwell superalgebra. The latter can be viewed as an extension involving cosmological constant of the superalgebra underlying $D=4$ supergravity in flat spacetime. We write the Maurer-Cartan equations in this context and we find some interesting extensions of the antisymmetric $3$-form $A^{(3)}$ appearing in the Free Differential Algebra in Minkowski space. The structure of Free Differential Algebras is obtained by considering the zero curvature equations. We write the parametrization of $A^{(3)}$ in terms of $1$-forms and we rend the topological features of its extensions manifest. We interestingly find out that the structure of these extensions, and consequently the structure of the corresponding boundary contribution $dA^{(3)}$, strongly depends on the form of the extra fermionic generator appearing in the hidden Maxwell superalgebra. The model we develop in this work is defined in an enlarged superspace with respect to the ordinary one, and the extra bosonic and fermionic $1$-forms required for the closure of the hidden Maxwell superalgebra must be considered as physical fields in this enlarged superspace.
description: 26 pages, Erratum of the previous version. Accepted for publication in Fortschritte der Physik, Version of Record online: 21 JUN 2017
qRT-PCR Raw Data Files
Creators: name: Foster, Clay
name: Frazer, J. Kimble
name: Park, Gilseung
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Raw data files (BioRad; .pcrd) for qRT-PCR analysis from study found at: https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.08.09.552511 (Diverse Epithelial Lymphocytes in Zebrafish Revealed Using a Novel Scale Biopsy Method)
Limits on the heralding efficiencies and spectral purities of spectrally-filtered single photons from photon pair sources
Creators: name: Meyer-Scott, Evan
name: Montaut, Nicola
name: Tiedau, Johannes
name: Sansoni, Linda
name: Herrmann, Harald
name: Bartley, Tim J.
name: Silberhorn, Christine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photon pairs produced by parametric down-conversion or four-wave mixing can interfere with each other in multiport interferometers, or carry entanglement between distant nodes for use in entanglement swapping. This requires the photons be spectrally pure to ensure good interference, and have high heralding efficiency to know accurately the number of photons involved and to maintain high rates as the number of photons grows. Spectral filtering is often used to remove noise and define spectral properties. For heralded single photons high purity and heralding efficiency is possible by filtering the heralding arm, but when both photons in typical pair sources are filtered, we show that the heralding efficiency of one or both of the photons is strongly reduced even by ideal spectral filters with 100% transmission in the passband: any improvement in reduced-state spectral purity from filtering comes at the cost of lowered heralding efficiency. We consider the fidelity to a pure, lossless single photon, symmetrize it to include both photons of the pair, and show this quantity is intrinsically limited for sources with spectral correlation. We then provide a framework for this effect for benchmarking common photon pair sources, and present an experiment where we vary the photon filter bandwidths and measure the increase in purity and corresponding reduction in heralding efficiency.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, cleaned up refs. and added ref. [47]
Supplementary document for Influence of Antireflection Si coatings on the Damage Threshold of fused silica upon irradiation with Mid-IR femtosecond laser pulses. - 6585020.pdf
Creators: name: Tsibidis, Giorgos
name: Stratakis, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementraty material
title: TREM2
title: Gene Expression and Role in Alzheimer’s Disease
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Snider, Henry
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Genetic mutations in the TREM2 gene are highly correlated with risk of Alzheimer’s disease, but alternative splicing patterns of TREM2 transcripts have not been fully described. Characterization of TREM2 alternative splicing will be of significant use to the scientific community as the field of Alzheimer’s disease research progresses. The goal of this study was to fully describe splicing patterns in TREM2, as different splicing isoforms of genes can alter express and/or function of the final protein. Human blood and anterior cingulate cortex brain tissue from 61 individual donors was processed and used for PCR and quantitative PCR as well as western blotting in order to identify and quantify novel TREM2 isoforms. Previously described transcripts of TREM2 which lacked exons 3 or 4, or which retained part of intron 3 were replicated in this study. Additionally, we identified a novel isoform lacking exon 2, D2-TREM2, as well as several novel isoforms lacking multiple exons. D2-TREM2 mRNA in the brain comprised approximately 10% of total TREM2 RNA in the brain. Quantitative expression of TREM2 and frequency D2-TREM2 were compared between subjects with and without Alzheimer’s disease, revealing no significant difference between the two groups. The novel splice isoforms identified in this study were found across multiple tissue types. D2-TREM2 was found with similar frequency in non-brain tissues, ranging from 5.3-13.0%. D2-TREM2 was found to be translated to protein and shares localization and cell trafficking patterns with full-length TREM2. Both D2-TREM2 and full-length TREM2 are predominantly retained in the Golgi complex. Additionally, D2-TREM2 was confirmed to be expressed in the brains of subjects with Alzheimer’s disease as well as those without Alzheimer’s disease. Exon 2 of TREM2 encodes for the ligand-binding domain, which is essential for its function as a receptor and thus function of cells on which it is present, such as microglia in the central nervous system. As D2-TREM2 lacks exon 2, we hypothesize that D2-TREM2 may inhibit full-length TREM2 function and that targeting TREM2 splicing may offer a novel therapeutic approach for Alzheimer’s disease.
description: © 2022 Henry Snider
Truncated linear statistics associated with the eigenvalues of random matrices II. Partial sums over proper time delays for chaotic quantum dots
Creators: name: Grabsch, Aurélien
name: Majumdar, Satya N.
name: Texier, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Invariant ensembles of random matrices are characterized by the distribution of their eigenvalues $\{λ_1,\cdots,λ_N\}$. We study the distribution of truncated linear statistics of the form $\tilde{L}=\sum_{i=1}^p f(λ_i)$ with $p
description: LaTeX, 42 pages, 14 pdf figures , v2: references added
A comparison of triploid and diploid Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) performance and welfare under commercial farming conditions in Norway
Creators: name: Madaro, Angelico
name: Kjøglum, Sissel
name: Hansen, Tom
name: Fjelldal, Per Gunnar
name: Stien, Lars H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Avoiding genetic interactions between wild and farmed Atlantic salmon is regarded as one of the major requirements for a sustainable salmon aquaculture industry. For this reason, farming functional sterile triploids has been suggested as a possible solution. However, knowledge about how triploids cope under commercial conditions is lacking. In the present study, we compared the performance of diploid and triploid Atlantic salmon among four Norwegian aquaculture companies. Diploid and triploid groups of the same genetic line were farmed in western, mid, and northern Norway under commercial conditions from seawater transfer until slaughter.Overall, triploid salmon exhibited reduced survival, higher incidence of emaciated fish, and scored, on average, a lower quality rating during primary processing. The results highlight the need for further research on how to improve the welfare and performance of triploid salmon in commercial aquaculture operations.