cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Testing one-loop galaxy bias: cosmological constraints from the power spectrum
Creators: name: Pezzotta, Andrea
name: Crocce, Martin
name: Eggemeier, Alexander
name: Sánchez, Ariel G.
name: Scoccimarro, Román
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the impact of different assumptions in the modeling of one-loop galaxy bias on the recovery of cosmological parameters, as a follow up of the analysis done in the first paper of the series at fixed cosmology. We use three different synthetic galaxy samples whose clustering properties match the ones of the CMASS and LOWZ catalogues of BOSS and the SDSS Main Galaxy Sample. We investigate the relevance of allowing for either short range non-locality or scale-dependent stochasticity by fitting the real-space galaxy auto power spectrum or the combination of galaxy-galaxy and galaxy-matter power spectrum. From a comparison among the goodness-of-fit ($χ^2$), unbiasedness of cosmological parameters (FoB), and figure-of-merit (FoM), we find that a four-parameter model (linear, quadratic, cubic non-local bias, and constant shot-noise) with fixed quadratic tidal bias provides a robust modelling choice for the auto power spectrum of the three samples, up to $k_{\rm max}=0.3\,h\,\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$ and for an effective volume of $6\,h^{-3}\,\mathrm{Gpc}^3$. Instead, a joint analysis of the two observables fails at larger scales, and a model extension with either higher derivatives or scale-dependent shot-noise is necessary to reach a similar $k_{\rm max}$, with the latter providing the most stable results. These findings are obtained with three, either hybrid or perturbative, prescriptions for the matter power spectrum, \texttt{RESPRESSO}, gRPT and EFT. In all cases, the inclusion of scale-dependent shot-noise increases the range of validity of the model in terms of FoB and $χ^2$. Interestingly, these model extensions with additional free parameters do not necessarily lead to an increase in the maximally achievable FoM for the cosmological parameters $\left(h,\,Ω_ch^2,\,A_s\right)$, which are generally consistent to those of the simpler model at smaller $k_{\rm max}$.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
Gotta CAPTCHA 'Em All: A Survey of Twenty years of the Human-or-Computer Dilemma
Creators: name: Guerar, Meriem
name: Verderame, Luca
name: Migliardi, Mauro
name: Palmieri, Francesco
name: Merlo, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A recent study has found that malicious bots generated nearly a quarter of overall website traffic in 2019 [100]. These malicious bots perform activities such as price and content scraping, account creation and takeover, credit card fraud, denial of service, etc. Thus, they represent a serious threat to all businesses in general, but are especially troublesome for e-commerce, travel and financial services. One of the most common defense mechanisms against bots abusing online services is the introduction of Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart (CAPTCHA), so it is extremely important to understand which CAPTCHA schemes have been designed and their actual effectiveness against the ever-evolving bots. To this end, this work provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art in the field of CAPTCHA schemes and defines a new classification that includes all the emerging schemes. In addition, for each identified CAPTCHA category, the most successful attack methods are summarized by also describing how CAPTCHA schemes evolved to resist bot attacks, and discussing the limitations of different CAPTCHA schemes from the security, usability and compatibility point of view. Finally, an assessment of the open issues, challenges, and opportunities for further study is provided, paving the road toward the design of the next-generation secure and user-friendly CAPTCHA schemes.
Secure Quantum Pattern Communication
Creators: name: Harney, Cillian
name: Pirandola, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a multi-mode modulation scheme for Continuous Variable (CV) quantum communications, which we call quantum pattern encoding. In this setting, classical information can be encoded into multi-mode patterns of discretely-modulated coherent states, which form instances of a communicable image space. Communicators can devise arbitrarily complex encoding schemes which are degenerate and highly non-uniform, such that communication is likened to the task of pattern recognition. We explore initial communication schemes that exploit these techniques, and which lead to an increased encoding complexity. We discuss the impact that this has on the role of a near-term quantum eavesdropper; formulating new, realistic classes of attacks and secure communication rates.
description: Accepted Version. 13 pages, 4 figures
Fluxo de informação
Creators: name: Da Silva, Lucas Anderson Lima
name: Pinto, Virginia Bentes
Publisher: name: Cadernos BAD
Year: 2022

description: O artigo apresenta os resultados da pesquisa cujo objetivo é averiguar, sob o olhar dos visitantes do Museu de Arte da Universidade Federal do Ceará (MAUC), os fluxos de informação na instituição. Trata-se de um estudo de cunho exploratório, de natureza quantitativa em que a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de questionário on-line aplicado ao público do Museu nas redes sociais. Os resultados evidenciaram que o fluxo informacional pode abranger diferentes grupos e canais de comunicação. O MAUC se aproxima fortemente de seus visitantes por meio de suas redes sociais e divulgação entre amigos, familiares ou professores. O fluxo de informação acontece quando o Museu proporciona a participação do público em suas atividades e se faz presente interagindo com a comunidade. A pesquisa contribui para a visibilidade do Museu de Arte da UFC e pode colaborar para a disseminação e apreensão da informação. Portanto, conclui-se que o estudo permite novas investigações no âmbito informacional dos museus.
description: Cadernos BAD, N.º 1-2 (2021): Atas da 12ª Conferência Luso-Brasileira de Ciência Aberta (ConfOA)
Αναπλαισίωση δίγλωσσου διαπολιτισμικού υλικού στη διδακτική πράξη
Creators: name: Ντίνα, Μυρτώ Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Αναπλαισίωση
Διαγλωσσικότητα
Kοινωνική σημειωτική
Recontextualization
Translanguaging
Social semiotics

description: Τα σχολεία σε ολόκληρη την Ευρώπη βλέπουν έναν αυξανόμενο αριθμό παιδιών που είτε γεννιούνται σε άλλη χώρα είτε των οποίων οι γονείς είναι μετανάστες και δεν μιλούν τη σχολική γλώσσα στο σπίτι. Αυτό αποτελεί πρόκληση, καθώς από τα σχο-λεία αναμένεται να προσφέρουν ποιοτική εκπαίδευση για όλα τα παιδιά, ανεξαρτήτως εθνικής προέλευσης ή γλωσσικών ικανοτήτων. Ιδιαίτερα με την πρόσφατη άφιξη χι-λιάδων παιδιών προσφύγων, είναι εμφανές πως η κατάσταση στα σχολεία έχει οξυν-θεί. Με αφορμή τους προβληματισμούς που προκύπτουν από αυτή τη νέα κατάσταση στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία πραγματοποιήσαμε μια μελέτη περίπτωσης σε ένα σχολικό περιβάλλον πολύγλωσσο και πολιτισμικό με στόχο την ανάδειξη της α-ναπλαισίωσης από δύο διαφορετικές εκπαιδευτικούς ενός προτεινόμενου διαπολιτι-σμικού υλικού, σε δύο διαφορετικές τάξεις, αξιοποιώντας ένα δίκτυο θεωρητικών εν-νοιών γύρω από την ανάγνωση της διδακτικής πράξης, καθώς και τον ρόλο της δια-γλωσσικότητας σε ένα τέτοιο περιβάλλον, αντλώντας από τα πεδία της Κοινωνικής Σημειωτικής και της Κοινωνιογλωσσολογίας της Παγκοσμιοποίησης.
description: Schools across Europe are seeing an increasing number of children either born in another country or whose parents are immigrants and do not speak the school lan-guage at home. This is a challenge as schools are expected to provide proper educa-tion to all children, regardless of ethnicity or language skills. Especially with the recent arrival of thousands of refugee children, it is clear that the situation in schools has worsened. In the light of the concerns arising from this new situation in this the-sis we conducted a case study in a multilingual and multicultural school environ-ment with the aim of highlighting the recontextualization of a proposed intercultural material by two different teachers, in two different classes, utilizing a network of concepts around the reading of the teaching practices, as well as the role of translanguaging in such an environment, drawing from the fields of Social Semiotics and Sociolinguistics of Globalization.
First Lattice QCD determination of semileptonic decays of charmed-strange baryons $Ξ_c$
Creators: name: Zhang, Qi-An
name: Hua, Jun
name: Huang, Fei
name: Li, Renbo
name: Li, Yuanyuan
name: Lu, Cai-Dian
name: Sun, Peng
name: Sun, Wei
name: Wang, Wei
name: Yang, Yi-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the standard model is the most successfully theory to describe all interactions and constituents in elementary particle physics, it has been constantly examined for over four decades. Weak decays of charm quarks can measure the coupling strength of quarks in different families and serve as an ideal probe for CP violation. As the lowest charm-strange baryons with three different flavors, $Ξ_c$ baryons (made of $csu$ or $csd$) have been extensively studied in experiments at the large hadron collider and in electron-positron collision. However the lack of reliable knowledge in theory becomes the unavoidable obstacle in the way. In this work, we use the state-of-the-art Lattice QCD techniques, and generate 2+1 clover fermion ensembles with two lattice spacings, $a=(0.108{\rm fm},0.080{\rm fm})$. We then present the first {\it ab-initio} lattice QCD determination of form factors governing $Ξ_{c}\to Ξ\ell^+ν_{\ell}$, analogous with the notable $β$-decay of nuclei. Our theoretical results for decay widths are consistent with and about two times more precise than the latest measurements by ALICE and Belle collaborations. Together with experimental measurements, we independently determine the quark-mixing matrix element $|V_{cs}|$, which is found in good agreement with other determinations.
description: 6+1 pages, 4 figures; v2: 7 pages, corrected typos
The effect of single and fractionated dose radiation on craniofacial growth in rats
Creators: name: Lynch, Andrea M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Bone marrow transplant (BMT) preparative regimens for children usually include total body irradiation in combination with chemotherapy. Abnormal growth and endocrine deficiencies have been observed in children after BMT (Sanders 1988). Although the detrimental effects of localized high dose irradiation on craniofacial growth and development are well documented, little is known of the effects of low dose irradiation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of single and fractionated dose irradiationon craniofacial growth in rats. Eighty seven male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to seven experimental groups. Two groups (Si, S2) received single dose irradiation ranging from 200 to 500 cGy at two days of age. Four groups (F1, F2, F3, F4) received six fractionated irradiation doses ranging from 250 to 600 cGy, administered between two and four days of age. The seventh group (control), received sham irradiation. Weekly weight, length and cephalometric radiographs were taken of each animal from week one to week eight, and again at twenty-one weeks when the animals were killed. Craniofacial growth changes were determined by measurement of sequential lateral cephalographs. Post-mortem mature skulls were measured by metrographic techniques. Both single and fractionated dose irradiation significantly affected body weight, while only high single dose irradiation influenced body length. Longitudinal data derived from cephalometric radiographs demonstrated that in general the high single dose group was significantly different from the control group in all measurements except neurocranial length. No significant differences were seen between control and low fractionated groups in any measurements except neurocranial height. Cross-sectional analysis of mature skulls using metrographic measurement techniques demonstrated significant differences in cranial length, viscerocranial length, mandibular width, bizygomatic width and height of the cranial vault between control and high single and fractionated dose (Si, S2, F4) irradiation, and between high (F4) and low fractionated dose (Ft F2, F3) irradiation. In conclusion, fractionated low dose irradiation has less significant effect on craniofacial growth than high single dose irradiation, and viscerocranial growth was more affected by irradiation than neurocranial growth.
Nos bastidores da política sobre a gestão e partilha de dados resultantes de investigação financiada pela FCT
Creators: name: Pereira, Filipa
name: Mendes Moreira, João
Publisher: name: Cadernos BAD
Year: 2022

description: A Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT), I.P., tem vindo a participar ativamente na implementação de ações e medidas que visam a transição para práticas de investigação baseadas em princípios de Ciência Aberta. Neste âmbito, a FCT adotou a 5 de maio de 2014 um conjunto de recomendações referentes à gestão e partilha dos dados que resultam da investigação que financia, baseadas na aplicação de princípios de Ciência Aberta em diversos instrumentos de financiamento da FCT. Recentemente, considerando a evolução dos métodos de investigação científica, das políticas de Ciência Aberta e das práticas de gestão e partilha de dados a nível global, a FCT considerou importante apresentar uma política com princípios estabelecidos e requisitos a cumprir pelos beneficiários do seu financiamento. A presente comunicação pretende dar a conhecer a análise, fundamentos e trabalho desenvolvidos, com o objetivo de enquadrar a política sobre a gestão e partilha de dados da FCT no atual estado da arte, bem como o respetivo plano de adoção, implementação e operacionalização.
description: Cadernos BAD, N.º 1-2 (2021): Atas da 12ª Conferência Luso-Brasileira de Ciência Aberta (ConfOA)
Εκπαιδευτική παρέμβαση για την διδασκαλία των φυσικών επιστημών στο νηπιαγωγείο με χρήση του προγραμματιστικού περιβάλλοντος scratch
Creators: name: Στέλλα, Φανή Σταύρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Φυσικές επιστήμες
Γλώσσα προγραμματισμού
Νηπιαγωγείο
Natural science
Programming language
Kindergarten

description: Η παρούσα εργασία αναφέρεται στα μαθησιακά αποτελέσματα που προκύπτουν μέσα από την εφαρμογή ψηφιακών δραστηριοτήτων που δημιουργήθηκαν μέσω του προγραμματιστικού περιβάλλοντος scratch. Η θεματική των δραστηριοτήτων εμπίπτει στον τομέα των φυσικών επιστημών, εξετάζοντας, πιο συγκεκριμένα, το φαινόμενο της δημιουργίας της σκιάς. Η πειραματική έρευνα πραγματοποιήθηκε σε έναν ιδιωτικό παιδικό σταθμό στην Θεσσαλονίκη και συμμετείχαν οχτώ παιδιά (3 κορίτσια και 5 αγόρια) ηλικίας 4,5 χρονών. Η έρευνα αποτελείται από τρεις φάσεις. Στην πρώτη φάση πραγματοποιήθηκαν ατομικές ημιδομημένες συνεντεύξεις με σκοπό την ανάδειξη των αρχικών ιδεών των παιδιών για το φαινόμενο του σχηματισμού της σκιάς. Η δεύτερη φάση περιελάβανε την διδακτική παρέμβαση όπου μετά από μια ανοιχτή συζήτηση στην ολομέλεια της τάξης τα παιδιά κλήθηκαν ατομικά να παίξουν ένα παιχνίδι στο τάμπλετ με θέμα την σκιά. Το παιχνίδι αυτό δημιουργήθηκε για τις ανάγκες της παρούσας έρευνα με την βοήθεια του προγραμματιστικού περιβάλλοντος scratch. Στην τρίτη και τελευταία φάση της έρευνας πραγματοποιήθηκαν οι συνεντεύξεις- αξιολογήσεις. Τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας έδειξαν ότι η εφαρμογή του προγράμματος συνέβαλε θετικά στην οικοδόμηση νέων αντιλήψεων για το φαινόμενο της σκιάς καθώς και στην εξέλιξη των αρχικών αντιλήψεων των παιδιών σχετικά με το φαινόμενο αυτό.
description: The present study concerns the cognitive results that emerge through digital activities that were developed in scratch, a block-based programming language. The subject of the activities falls into the field of natural sciences, examining, more specifically, the phenomenon of shadow. The case study took place in a private kindergarten: the participants were 8 children (3 girls and 5 boys) aged 4,5. The research comprises three parts. In the first part, individual interviews were held with the purpose of revealing the initial views of the children regarding the phenomenon of shadow. The second part involved instruction through an open conversation in class, after which the children were individually asked to play a tablet game about shadow creation, which was developed through scratch for the purposes of the present study. During the third and final stage, interviews/evaluations were held. The results of the research show that digital activities had a positive impact on the construction of new perspectives regarding the phenomenon of shadow as well as the development of the children’s’ initial views on the subject.
Aids: ιατρική, νομική και ηθική προσέγγιση
Creators: name: Κοσκινά, Ιορδάνα Αντωνίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Σύνδρομο επίκτητης ανοσολογικής ανεπάρκειας
Βιοηθική
Ηθική προσέγγιση
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Bioethics
Ethical approach

description: Το σύνδρομο της επίκτητης ανοσοανεπάρκειας (AIDS) είναι νόσος του ανθρώπινου ανοσοποιητικού συστήματος που προκαλείται από τον ιό της ανθρώπινης ανοσοανεπάρκειας (HIV). Με την είσοδο του ιού στον οργανισμό αρχίζει ο ανεξέλεγκτος πολλαπλασιασμός του. Ο ιός παρεμβαίνει στη λειτουργία του ανοσοποιητικού συστήματος με αποτέλεσμα τα άτομα να καθίστανται ευπαθή σε ευκαιριακές λοιμώξεις και κακοήθειες. Αρχικά η εμφάνιση της νόσου παρατηρήθηκε σε συγκεκριμένες πληθυσμιακές ομάδες (ομοφυλόφιλοι, χρήστες ενδοφλέβιων ουσιών), αλλά αργότερα επεκτάθηκε και στον υπόλοιπο πληθυσμό. Αποτελεσματική θεραπεία που να εξαλείφει τον ιό δεν υπάρχει, ενώ συνεχίζονται οι προσπάθειες για την ανεύρεση ενός αποτελεσματικού εμβολίου που θα εμποδίσει την εγκατάστασή του στον οργανισμό. Έως τότε η μόνη θεραπεία είναι η αντιρετροϊκή, η οποία εμποδίζει την εξέλιξη της νόσου καθιστώντας την από θανατηφόρα σε χρόνια. Από την ασθένεια του AIDS εκβάλουν ηθικές προεκτάσεις και προβληματισμοί που αφορούν την διασφάλιση της δημόσιας υγείας, την περίθαλψη, την τήρηση ή κατάργηση του ιατρικού απορρήτου, την ελευθερία βούλησης του ασθενή στη διάγνωση, το υψηλό κόστος θεραπείας, το στίγμα και τις κοινωνικές διακρίσεις που οδηγούν συχνά τα άτομα με AIDS στην απομόνωση. Σημαντικό ρόλο στην αποφυγή της περιθωριοποίησης και στην προαγωγή της υγείας διαδραματίζουν οι επαγγελματίες υγείας, οι οποίοι οφείλουν να είναι πλήρως ενημερωμένοι για τα καθήκοντα και τις υποχρεώσεις τους λειτουργώντας ως αρωγοί και συμπαραστάτες των ασθενών.
description: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a disease of the human immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). When the virus enters the body, it begins to multiply uncontrollably. The virus interferes with the functioning of the immune system, making people vulnerable to opportunistic infections and malignancies. Initially, the disease was observed in specific population groups (homosexuals, intravenous drug users), but later it spread to the rest of the population. There is no effective treatment to eradicate the virus, while efforts continue to find an effective vaccine that will prevent its establishment in the body. Until then, the only treatment is antiretroviral, which prevents the progression of the disease, turning it from a deadly to a chronic disease. From AIDS emerge ethical implications and concerns regarding the provision ofpublic health, care, maintenance or abolition of medical confidentiality, the patient's free will in diagnosis, the high cost of treatment, the stigma and the social discrimination that lead that often people with AIDS to isolation. An important role in avoiding marginalization and promoting health is played by health professionals, who must be fully informed of their duties and responsibilities by acting as helpers and supporters of patients.
Research data and scripts for manuscript "Beyond Lux: Methods for Species and Photoreceptor-Specific Quantification of Ambient Light for Mammals"
Creators: name: Mcdowell, Richard
name: Didikoglu, Altug
name: Woelders, Tom
name: Gatt, Mazie
name: Notash, Saba
name: Moffat, Finn
name: Hut, Roelof
name: Brown, Timothy M.
name: Lucas, Robert J
Publisher: name: University of Manchester
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 320999
subject: Neurosciences not elsewhere classified

description: These files contain the raw data, analysis and scripts used to create the figures for the paper: Beyond Lux: Methods for Species and Photoreceptor-Specific Quantification of Ambient Light for MammalsFigure 1 Data - Mammalian melanopsin spectral sensitivitiesRaw & normalised cell response data:Figure 1 - cell responses & lmax.xlsxlmax fitting script:Opsin_Fit-README.mdopsin-receptor-fitting-analysis.Rproj1.extract_and_transform.R2.fitting_procedure.R3.fig_bootstrap_results.R4.fig_RSS_per_lmax.R5.sigmoind_fits_plots.Rcalc_sum_log_photons_gov.Rcreate_govardovskii_template.Rlmax_based_5p_fitting.Rpower_to_photons.Rresponses.xlsxspectra.xlsx
Figure 2 Data - Cross-species light dosimeter validationFigure 2 - ReadMe.txtFunctions:plotspecs.mplotvalidation.mcalculateerrors.mWorkspaces (Used by functions above):calibration.matvalidation.mat
Figure 3 Data - Irradiance response curves for circadian phase shifting in C57 wild-type mouseFigure 3 - raw data.xlsx
Figure 4 Data - Cross-species α-opic EDIs across different light sourcesFigure 4 - raw data.xlsxFigure 4 - SolarAngle.RFigure 4 - SolarAngle.Rdata
Supplementary Figure 1 - Pre-Receptoral Filtering DataPre_R_Filter-Cornea-1-Norm_cornea_trans_data.csvPre_R_Filter-Cornea-2-Transf_Norm_Spline_Norm_cornea_trans_data.csvPre_R_Filter-Cornea-2-Transf_Norm_SplineCubic_Norm_cornea_trans_data.csvPre_R_Filter-Cornea-3-cornea.trans.data.csvPre_R_Filter-Lens-1-Norm_lens_trans_data.csvPre_R_Filter-Lens-2-Transf_Norm_Spline_Norm_lens_trans_data.csvPre_R_Filter-Lens-2-Transf_Norm_SplineCubic_Norm_lens_trans_data.csvPre_R_Filter-Lens-3-lens.trans.data.csvPre_R_Filter-Vitreous-1-Norm_vitreous_trans_data.csvPre_R_Filter-Vitreous-2-Transf_Norm_Spline_Norm_vitreous_trans_data.csvPre_R_Filter-Vitreous-2-Transf_Norm_SplineCubic_Norm_vitreous_trans_data.csvPre_R_Filter-Vitreous-3-vitreous.trans.data.csv
Self-Supervised Multisensor Change Detection
Creators: name: Saha, Sudipan
name: Ebel, Patrick
name: Zhu, Xiao Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Most change detection methods assume that pre-change and post-change images are acquired by the same sensor. However, in many real-life scenarios, e.g., natural disaster, it is more practical to use the latest available images before and after the occurrence of incidence, which may be acquired using different sensors. In particular, we are interested in the combination of the images acquired by optical and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) sensors. SAR images appear vastly different from the optical images even when capturing the same scene. Adding to this, change detection methods are often constrained to use only target image-pair, no labeled data, and no additional unlabeled data. Such constraints limit the scope of traditional supervised machine learning and unsupervised generative approaches for multi-sensor change detection. Recent rapid development of self-supervised learning methods has shown that some of them can even work with only few images. Motivated by this, in this work we propose a method for multi-sensor change detection using only the unlabeled target bi-temporal images that are used for training a network in self-supervised fashion by using deep clustering and contrastive learning. The proposed method is evaluated on four multi-modal bi-temporal scenes showing change and the benefits of our self-supervised approach are demonstrated.
Percepção dos pesquisadores quanto à elaboração de planos de gestão de dados
Creators: name: Penedo, Erick
name: Veiga, Viviane
name: Faury Dib, Simone
name: Da Silva Alves, Aline
name: Henning, Patricia
Publisher: name: Cadernos BAD
Year: 2022

description: Considerando que a elaboração de um PGD não é uma tarefa trivial para o pesquisador, que, em sua maioria, não tem essa práxis na sua rotina de pesquisa, o Icict/Fiocruz realizou um estudo sobre a percepção dos pesquisadores, quanto à elaboração de um PGD apoiada pela ferramenta institucional FioPGD. Esse estudo foi realizado no âmbito da fase 2 do projeto piloto do Repositório de dados da Fiocruz. Buscou-se identificar: dúvidas, facilidades e dificuldades relacionadas à interface do sistema (usabilidade); ao entendimento sobre o conteúdo a ser preenchido em cada seção; à percepção geral da ferramenta; bem como os desafios encontrados durante o seu preenchimento. Como procedimento metodológico utilizou-se uma abordagem de cunho qualitativo, adotando-se como instrumento de coleta de dados a observação da interação do usuário com o sistema. O resultado gerou algumas ações necessárias para otimização do sistema e evidenciou a dificuldade quanto ao entendimento das questões relacionadas aos metadados. Os achados levaram a uma análise do campo metadados em PGDs públicos disponíveis em 3 ferramentas: DMPTool, DMPOnline e Argos. Concluiu-se que o campo metadados deve ser explicado de forma mais eficaz nos sistemas de PGD, para garantir o seu adequado preenchimento. Além disso, adotar um ecossistema institucional que garanta a articulação entre profissionais de informação e especialistas em questões éticas e legais no apoio aos pesquisadores na elaboração de seus planos.
description: Cadernos BAD, N.º 1-2 (2021): Atas da 12ª Conferência Luso-Brasileira de Ciência Aberta (ConfOA)
Ο ρόλος του σχολείου ως παράγοντα αποτροπής της εξάρτησης από ναρκωτικές ουσίες
Creators: name: Νικολαΐδης, Γεώργιος Ιωάννη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: Ναρκωτικά
Σχολείο
Πρόληψη
Drugs
School
Prevention

description: Η παρούσα μελέτη επιχειρεί να διερευνήσει το ρόλο του σχολείου ως παράγοντα αποτροπής της εξάρτησης από ναρκωτικές ουσίες. Στην προσπάθεια αυτή αρχικά αναπτύσσεται το θεωρητικό πλαίσιο (μέσω βιβλιογραφικής έρευνας) που αφορά στο θέμα, και στη συνέχεια αποτυπώνεται η ερευνητική μελέτη και τα αποτελέσματα της. Το θεωρητικό μέρος χωρίζεται στην βιβλιογραφική έρευνα πάνω σε δύο βασικούς άξονες, σε αυτόν της “εφηβεία και εξάρτηση” και αυτόν “ο ρόλος του σχολείου και εξάρτηση”. Στην συνέχεια ακολουθεί το ερευνητικό μέρος όπου αποτυπώνονται τα στάδια της έρευνας και τα αποτελέσματα της.
description: This study research tries to explore, the school role in opposite stance in drug abuse phenomenon. The issue to be explored is developed in two parts. The first part of study is based on bibliography sources and the second in the research process. The first part tries to approach theoretical the two key axes on the issue. These two, are first the “drug use and adolescent” and second, “school and drug use”. On the second section reflected the research part of the study where the steps and results of this are presented.
description: Σε συνεργασία με: Πανεπιστήμιο Λευκωσίας (Κύπρος)
Research data and scripts for manuscript "Beyond Lux: Methods for Species and Photoreceptor-Specific Quantification of Ambient Light for Mammals"
Creators: name: Mcdowell, Richard
name: Didikoglu, Altug
name: Woelders, Tom
name: Gatt, Mazie
name: Brown, Timothy M.
name: Lucas, Robert J
name: Hut, Roelof
Publisher: name: University of Manchester
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320999
subject: Neurosciences not elsewhere classified

description: These files contain the raw data, analysis and scripts used to create the figures for the paper: Beyond Lux: Methods for Species and Photoreceptor-Specific Quantification of Ambient Light for MammalsFigure 1 Data - Mammalian melanopsin spectral sensitivitiesRaw & normalised cell response data:Figure 1 - cell responses & lmax.xlsxlmax fitting script:Opsin_Fit-README.mdopsin-receptor-fitting-analysis.Rproj1.extract_and_transform.R2.fitting_procedure.R3.fig_bootstrap_results.R4.fig_RSS_per_lmax.R5.sigmoind_fits_plots.Rcalc_sum_log_photons_gov.Rcreate_govardovskii_template.Rlmax_based_5p_fitting.Rpower_to_photons.Rresponses.xlsxspectra.xlsx
Figure 2 Data - Cross-species light dosimeter validationFigure 2 - ReadMe.txtFunctions:plotspecs.mplotvalidation.mcalculateerrors.mWorkspaces (Used by functions above):calibration.matvalidation.mat
Figure 3 Data - Irradiance response curves for circadian phase shifting in C57 wild-type mouseFigure 3 - raw data.xlsx
Figure 4 Data - Cross-species α-opic EDIs across different light sourcesFigure 4 - raw data.xlsxFigure 4 - SolarAngle.RFigure 4 - SolarAngle.Rdata
Supplementary Figure 1 - Pre-Receptoral Filtering DataPre_R_Filter-Cornea-1-Norm_cornea_trans_data.csvPre_R_Filter-Cornea-2-Transf_Norm_Spline_Norm_cornea_trans_data.csvPre_R_Filter-Cornea-2-Transf_Norm_SplineCubic_Norm_cornea_trans_data.csvPre_R_Filter-Cornea-3-cornea.trans.data.csvPre_R_Filter-Lens-1-Norm_lens_trans_data.csvPre_R_Filter-Lens-2-Transf_Norm_Spline_Norm_lens_trans_data.csvPre_R_Filter-Lens-2-Transf_Norm_SplineCubic_Norm_lens_trans_data.csvPre_R_Filter-Lens-3-lens.trans.data.csvPre_R_Filter-Vitreous-1-Norm_vitreous_trans_data.csvPre_R_Filter-Vitreous-2-Transf_Norm_Spline_Norm_vitreous_trans_data.csvPre_R_Filter-Vitreous-2-Transf_Norm_SplineCubic_Norm_vitreous_trans_data.csvPre_R_Filter-Vitreous-3-vitreous.trans.data.csv
Building an open, self-consistent force field for biopolymers and small molecules with the Open Force Field Initiative infrastructure
Creators: name: Cavender, Chapin E
name: Behara, Pavan K
name: Boothroyd, Simon
name: Dotson, David L
name: Gapsys, Vyautas
name: Hahn, David F
name: Horton, Josha T
name: Pulido, Ivan J
name: Thompson, Matthew W
name: Wager, Jeffrey
name: Wang, Lily
name: Chodera, John D
name: Cole, Daniel J
name: Mobley, David L
name: Shirts, Michael R
name: Gilson, Michael K
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biopolymer force field
Open source software

description: Poster presented at the 66th Annual Meeting of the Biophysical Society, San Fransisco, CA, USA, 2022-02-19 to 2022-02-23.
Additional file 3 of NK cell-derived exosomes carry miR-207 and alleviate depression-like symptoms in mice
Creators: name: Li, Dongping
name: Wang, Ying
name: Jin, Xinrong
name: Hu, Die
name: Xia, Chunlei
name: Xu, Hanmei
name: Hu, Jialiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Extraction of astrocytes and ELISA analysis of their expression of inflammatory factors. (A) Extraction of astrocytes from stressed mice and unstressed mice by ACSA-2+ sorting with flow cytometry. Both groups of cells had a purity in excess of 90%. (B) IL-1β concentration in astrocyte culture medium (***P<0.001 compared with the unstressed group. n=6). (C) IL-6 concentration in astrocyte culture medium (***P<0.001 compared with the unstressed group. n=6). (D) TNF-α concentration in astrocyte culture medium (**P<0.01 compared with the unstressed group. n=6).
Empowering learners: Unlocking the potential of near-peer teaching for the success of clinical students​
Creators: name: El-Badawi, Kamal
name: Muaze Gariballa
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: As educators, we all strive to empower our students. There is a well documented benefit of near-peer teaching programs for medical students. Providing them with the opportunity to initiate, manage and deliver these programs, gives them key skills and empowers them. We hope to show you our experiences at a UK medical school, with much learning for those carrying out other teaching programs across the world
Leadership exit: the departure of provincial party leaders
Creators: name: Maisey, Murray D.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Canadian party leadership studies have tended to focus on the ways leaders are selected without considering how leadership careers end. Data was assembled on the careers of 138 provincial party leaders during the past forty years to answer two related questions: How long did leadership careers last, and under what conditions did leaders leave (or "exit") their positions? Most party leadership careers were brief. More than half of all leaders led their parties through no more than one general election. Longevity differed by political party, with the average length of leadership being greater among C.C.F. / N.D.P. leaders than among those of Liberal and Conservative parties. More than two-fifths of all leaders exited their positions for electoral reasons, and more than one-quarter of all leaders were personally defeated in elections or by-elections. Electoral exits were slightly more common among Liberal and Conservative leaders than among C.C.F. / N.D.P. leaders. Leaders who were successful in leading governments tended to have much longer leadership careers than other leaders. Premier leaders were more likely to make voluntary exits, and were less susceptible to election-related departures than less successful leaders. Little evidence was found to support the hypothesis that C.C.F. / N.D.P. provincial parties which enjoyed some success in forming governments were any more competitive (from the perspective of leadership exit) than were C.C.F. / N.D.P. parties which had been unsuccessful in forming governments. Most party leaders had pre-leadership elected experience at either the provincial or federal level. Experience prior to leadership careers seemed to serve as a "hedge" against leadership exits caused by personal defeat at the polls. "Experienced" leaders, however, were no more likely than others to have long careers. More than one-quarter of former leaders became M.L.A.s or M.P.s after exit. Most of those with post-leadership elected careers had relatively long leadership careers, and most had left their leadership positions involuntarily. About one-fifth of all party leaders had elected service both before and after their leadership careers.
The kinetic origin of the fluid helicity -- a symmetry in the kinetic phase space
Creators: name: Yoshida, Zensho
name: Morrison, Philip J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37K05 (Primary), 70H05 (Secondary), 76M60

description: Helicity, a topological degree that measures the winding and linking of vortex lines, is preserved by ideal (barotropic) fluid dynamics. In the context of the Hamiltonian description, the helicity is a Casimir invariant characterizing a foliation of the associated Poisson manifold. Casimir invariants are special invariants that depend on the Poisson bracket, not on the particular choice of the Hamiltonian. The total mass (or particle number) is another Casimir invariant, whose invariance guarantees the mass (particle) conservation (independent of any specific choice of the Hamiltonian). In a kinetic description (e.g. that of the Vlasov equation), the helicity is no longer an invariant (although the total mass remains a Casimir of the Vlasov's Poisson algebra). The implication is that some "kinetic effect" can violate the constancy of the helicity. To elucidate how the helicity constraint emerges or submerges, we examine the fluid reduction of the Vlasov system; the fluid (macroscopic) system is a "sub-algebra" of the kinetic (microscopic) Vlasov system. In the Vlasov system, the helicity can be conserved, if a special helicity symmetry condition holds. To put it another way, breaking helicity symmetry induces a change in the helicity. We delineate the geometrical meaning of helicity symmetry, and show that, for a special class of flows (so-called epi-2 dimensional flows), the helicity symmetry is written as $\partial_γ=0$ for a coordinate $γ$ of the configuration space.
A Cooperative Memory Network for Personalized Task-oriented Dialogue Systems with Incomplete User Profiles
Creators: name: Pei, Jiahuan
name: Ren, Pengjie
name: de Rijke, Maarten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There is increasing interest in developing personalized Task-oriented Dialogue Systems (TDSs). Previous work on personalized TDSs often assumes that complete user profiles are available for most or even all users. This is unrealistic because (1) not everyone is willing to expose their profiles due to privacy concerns; and (2) rich user profiles may involve a large number of attributes (e.g., gender, age, tastes, . . .). In this paper, we study personalized TDSs without assuming that user profiles are complete. We propose a Cooperative Memory Network (CoMemNN) that has a novel mechanism to gradually enrich user profiles as dialogues progress and to simultaneously improve response selection based on the enriched profiles. CoMemNN consists of two core modules: User Profile Enrichment (UPE) and Dialogue Response Selection (DRS). The former enriches incomplete user profiles by utilizing collaborative information from neighbor users as well as current dialogues. The latter uses the enriched profiles to update the current user query so as to encode more useful information, based on which a personalized response to a user request is selected. We conduct extensive experiments on the personalized bAbI dialogue benchmark datasets. We find that CoMemNN is able to enrich user profiles effectively, which results in an improvement of 3.06% in terms of response selection accuracy compared to state-of-the-art methods. We also test the robustness of CoMemNN against incompleteness of user profiles by randomly discarding attribute values from user profiles. Even when discarding 50% of the attribute values, CoMemNN is able to match the performance of the best performing baseline without discarding user profiles, showing the robustness of CoMemNN.
description: In Proceedings of the Web Conference 2021 (WWW '21), April 19-23, 2021, Ljubljana, Slovenia. ACM, New York, NY, USA, 10 pages
TA'LIM MUASSASALARIDA KRITIK FIKRLASHNI OSHIRISH MEZONLARI
Creators: name: Raxmatova, Dilfuza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ushbu maqolada kritik fikrlashning mazmun-mohiyati, tamoyillari, amalga oshirilish yo‘llari va shartlari, ta’lim muassasalarida kritik fikrlash tamoyillarini rivojlantirish va oshirish mezonlari yoritilgan. Shuningdek, maqolada kritik tafakkurni oshirish metodikasi keltirib o‘tilgan.
The many more eight roles of the medical teacher in LMIC
Creators: name: Caramori, Ugo
name: Bragança, Joana Froes
name: Begg, Kerrin
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Worldwide, many of us know the concept of the “eight roles of the medical teacher”, defined by Prof. Ronald Harden. These roles are essential for the delineation of the educator's purposes and functions in their different roles; however, would these roles be as applicable to the realities of LMICs or in low-resource scenarios in contrast to the hegemonic context of the global north? Educators, in these different realities, are exposed to several other roles such as: responsible supporter of mental health needs of vulnerable students; rapid adaptor to deficiencies and constraints of a weak and complex health system ; resilient innovator to achieve educational objectives in spite of limited teaching technologies; prioritiser of infinite clinical learning opportunities amongst immense clinical service burden pressures. From this point of view, we spark the debate on what it means to be a medical teacher, not from the perspective of the structure and opportunities of a context in the global north, but in the reality of LMIC and disadvantaged scenarios, highlighting that it is beyond being a facilitator, role model, information provider, resource developer, planner, and assessor.
Housework : here today and here tomorrow
Creators: name: McCaughey, Catherine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: This thesis tests two competing hypothesis: 'adaptive partnership, and 'dependent labour'. It endeavors to determine which hypothesis best explains time budget data on the division of housework. The data was gathered from 6484 married respondents in the Canadian General Social Survey of 1986. It is examined for the effects of gender, employment,and the presence or absence of a child under 12. The data was also used to replicate a study of Vancouver couples from 1971. The effects on time use of these factors was then compared for the two studies. The data was then examined for the effects of age, education, and income on house worktime use. Male homemaker's and female homemaker's house worktimes were compared to determine if their time allocationwas similar. The study found that being female and having a small child increased housework time. Employment decreased time women spent in housework but their total workload hours increased because of their combined housework and paid work times. Total work times were greater in 1986 than in 1971. Women's weekly workload hours were only slightly higher than men's in 1986, a change from 1971. Women in 1986 spent much longer in housework time than men but men had longer paid work weeks. The 'dependent labour' theory was consistent with the findings that women spent much more time in housework and less time in paid employment than men. The 'adaptive partnership' hypothesis did not explain why men and women's work weeks are similar but women spent much longer times in housework. Education and income did not show an effect on men's housework time. Women's housework time increased slightly with the increase of education and income, a result confounded with their participation rates in paid employment. For both men and women work hours increased around the child rearing years in the family life cycle. The data for male homemakers show they allocate housework time in much the same way as women homemakers although their total housework times are slightly less.
Open community platform for hearing aid algorithm research: open Master Hearing Aid (openMHA)
Creators: name: Kayser, Hendrik
name: Herzke, Tobias
name: Maanen, Paul
name: Zimmermann, Max
name: Grimm, Giso
name: Hohmann, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: open Master Hearing Aid (openMHA) was developed and provided to the hearing aid research community as an open-source software platform with the aim to support sustainable and reproducible research towards improvement and new types of assistive hearing systems not limited by proprietary software. The software offers a flexible framework that allows the users to conduct hearing aid research using tools and a number of signal processing plugins provided with the software as well as the implementation of own methods. The openMHA software is independent of a specific hardware and supports Linux, macOS and Windows operating systems as well as 32-bit and 64-bit ARM-based architectures such as used in small portable integrated systems. www.openmha.org
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
The importance of designing cohort studies in medical education for developing countries: A call to action
Creators: name: Ebrahimi, Negar
name: Kimiafar, Khalil
name: Kianifar, Hamid Reza
name: Khadem-Rezaiyan, Majid
name: Abolfazl Khajavirad
name: Jafari, Mostafa
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Longitudinal studies play a significant role in medical education mobility. Over the past decades, the number of published articles in this field have notably increased. The use of cohort design in medical education has also risen. However, there is a notable disparity in the number of these studies in developing countries in comparison to developed ones.

By incorporating results of cohort studies into medical curricula, future healthcare professionals can better face upcoming challenges. These evidence-based findings support the improvement of curricula, especially in developing nations.

We have described our experience of conducting a cohort study in Iran which aims to assess how the existing medical curriculum affects medical students' outcomes over a long-term follow-up.
Geometric modeling and regularization of algebraic problems
Creators: name: Zeng, Zhonggang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47J06, 65F22, 65J20

description: Discontinuity with respect to data perturbations is common in algebraic computation where solutions are often highly sensitive. Such problems can be modeled as solving systems of equations at given data parameters. By appending auxiliary equations, the models can be formulated to satisfy four easily verifiable conditions so that the data form complex analytic manifolds on which the solutions maintain their structures and the Lipschitz continuity. When such a problem is given with empirical data, solving the system becomes a least squares problem whose solution uniquely exists and enjoys Lipschitz continuity as long as the data point is in a tubular neighborhood of the manifold. As a result, the singular problem is regularized as a well-posed computational problem.
Additional file 2 of NK cell-derived exosomes carry miR-207 and alleviate depression-like symptoms in mice
Creators: name: Li, Dongping
name: Wang, Ying
name: Jin, Xinrong
name: Hu, Die
name: Xia, Chunlei
name: Xu, Hanmei
name: Hu, Jialiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Evaluation of the mouse depression model. (A) Behavioral test (OFT), which included horizontal movements (defined as at least three paws in a square), vertical movements (defined as at least three paws in a square) and exercise time (*P<0.05 compared with the unstressed group. For the unstressed group, n=5; for the stress group, n=25). (B) Behavioral test (FST) (recorded immobile time in seconds) (***P<0.001 compared with the unstressed group. For the unstressed group, n=5; for the stress group, n=25). (C) Behavioral test (TST) (immobility was defined as hanging in a downright direction with only small movements) (*P<0.05 compared with the unstressed group. For the unstressed group, n=5; for the stress group, n=25). (D) Immunofluorescence observation of stressed and unstressed mouse hippocampus for BrdU-positive cells, DAPI-positive cells and their merged signals. (E) Immunofluorescence observation of GFAP-positive cells, DAPI-positive cells and their merged signals in the hippocampus of stressed and unstressed mice. (F) Immunofluorescence identification in stressed and unstressed mouse hippocampus of NeuN-positive cells, DAPI-positive cells and their merged signals. (G) Counting of BrdU-positive, GFAP-positive and NeuN-positive cells (*P<0.05, and **P<0.01 compared with the unstressed group).