cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The transition from atomic to molecular gas with ALMA
Creators: name: Gerin, Maryvonne
name: Liszt, Harvey
name: Grenier, Isabelle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The formation of molecular hydrogen in interstellar medium induces the formation of other molecular species, some of which are more easily accessible from the ground than H2. The CO ground state  rotational line integrated intensity is the most common tracer of molecular hydrogen in cloud complexes because this line is easily detected over wide areas. Yet, the combination of the atomic gas directly traced  by the hydrogen hyperfine transition at 21cm and molecular hydrogen traced by CO does not often account for the total gas column, traced by dust emission or by gamma rays. The dark neutral medium (DNM), also called CO-dark gas represents a significant fraction of the total mass of cloud complexes. ALMA enables to probe this gas by detecting absorption lines from molecular species, with  a known abundance relative to molecular hydrogen. The ground state transition of HCO+ at 89.19 GHz has been observed toward 46 background quasars
located in the Taurus, and Chamaeleon molecular complexes. These data confirm the presence of molecular hydrogen even in sight-lines with no detectable CO emission, and show that the DNM is mainly composed of molecular hydrogen. The DNM closely relates to the cold HI phase. Overall,  the total hydrogen column density (HI+2H2) along these sight-lines  is about two-third in atomic form  and one third in molecular form. For sight-lines with CO emission, the CO-H2 conversion factor can be estimated.  We show that 2/3 of the inferred H2 occurred along sightlines with WCO >= 1 K km/s  and recovering 90 % would require detecting CO emission down to 0.2 K-km/s.
Titan's transport-driven methane cycle
Creators: name: Mitchell, Jonathan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strength of Titan's methane cycle, as measured by precipitation and evaporation, is key to interpreting fluvial erosion and other indicators of the surface-atmosphere exchange of liquids. But the mechanisms behind the occurrence of large cloud outbursts and precipitation on Titan have been disputed. A gobal- and annual-mean estimate of surface fluxes indicated only 1% of the insolation, or $\sim$0.04 W/m$^2$, is exchanged as sensible and/or latent fluxes. Since these fluxes are responsible for driving atmospheric convection, it has been argued that moist convection should be quite rare and precipitation even rarer, even if evaporation globally dominates the surface-atmosphere energy exchange. In contrast, climate simulations that allow atmospheric motion indicate a robust methane cycle with substantial cloud formation and/or precipitation. We argue the top-of-atmosphere radiative imbalance -- a readily observable quantity -- is diagnostic of horizontal heat transport by Titan's atmosphere, and thus constrains the strength of the methane cycle. Simple calculations show the top-of-atmosphere radiative imbalance is $\sim$0.5-1 W/m$^2$ in Titan's equatorial region, which implies 2-3 MW of latitudinal heat transport by the atmosphere. Our simulation of Titan's climate suggests this transport may occur primarily as latent heat, with net evaporation at the equator and net accumulation at higher latitudes. Thus the methane cycle could be 10-20 times previous estimates. Opposing seasonal transport at solstices, compensation by sensible heat transport, and focusing of precipitation by large-scale dynamics could further enhance the local, instantaneous strength of Titan's methane cycle by a factor of several.
description: submitted to ApJ Letters
Investigating, designing, and validating a haptic-affect interaction loop using three experimental methods
Creators: name: Hazelton, Thomas William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Computer interfaces commonly make large demands on our visual and auditory attention, which can make multi-tasking with multiple systems difficult. In cases where a primary task demands constant, unbroken attention from the user, it is often implausible for such a user to employ a system for a secondary task, even when desirable. The haptic modality has been suggested as a conduit for the appropriately-intrusive delivery of information from computer systems. Furthermore, physiological signals can be used to infer the affective state of a user without requiring attention. Combining these underexplored channels for implicit system command, control and display, we envision an automated, intelligent and emotionally aware interaction paradigm. We call this paradigm the Haptic-Affect Loop (HALO). This work investigates the potential for the HALO paradigm in a specific use case (portable audio consumption). It uses three experimental techniques to gather requirements for the paradigm, validate its technological feasibility, and develop the feedback-supported language of interaction with a HALO-enabled portable audio system. A focus group is first conducted to identify the perceived utility of the paradigm with a diverse – albeit technologically conservative – group of portable audio users, and to narrow its scope. Results of this focus group indicate that participants are sceptical of its technological feasibility (in particular, context resolution) and are unwilling to relinquish control over their players. This scepticism was alleviated somewhat by the conclusion of the sessions. Next, technological validation of online affect classification is undertaken via an exploratory, but formally controlled, experiment. Galvanic skin response measures provided a means to make introductory measures of interruption and, in some cases, musical engagement. A richer signal array is necessary to make the full array of required affect identifications for this paradigm, and is under development. The final phase of work involves an iterative participatory design process with a single participant who was enthusiastic but practical about technology to better define system requirements and to evaluate input and output mechanisms using a variety of devices and signals. The outcome of this design effort was a functioning prototype, a set of initial system requirements and an exemplar interaction language for HALO.
VLBI imaging of M81* at 43GHz
Creators: name: Ros, E.
name: Perez-Torres, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nearby spiral galaxy M81 harbors in its core a Low-Luminosity AGN (LLAGN), and appears closely related to the more distant and powerful AGNs seen in quasars and radio galaxies. The intrinsic size of this object is unknown due to scattering, and it has shown a core-jet morphology with weak extended emission rotating with wavelength. The proximity of M\,81 (D=3.63 Mpc) allows a detailed investigation of its nucleus to be made. The nucleus is four orders of magnitude more luminous than the Galactic centre, and is therefore considered a link between SgrA* and the more powerful nuclei of radio galaxies and quasars. Our main goal was to determine the size of M81* at a shorter wavelength thus directly testing whether the frequency-size dependent law Theta propto nu^(-0.8) was still valid for wavelengths shorter than 1cm. In addition, we also aimed to confirm the rotation of the source as a function of frequency. We observed the continuum 7mm radio emission of M81* using the Very Long Baseline Array on Sep 13, 2002, using nearby calibrators to apply their interferometric observables to the target source, to increase the chances of detection. The source was detected on all baselines and hybrid mapping was possible. We present the first 7mm VLBI image of the core of M81*, which represents the highest resolution image ever of this source. Modeling the interferometric visibilities with two Gaussian functions sets constraints on the angular size of its core down to 38 microarcseconds, corresponding to a maximum (projected) linear size of 138AU, and shows extended emission towards the NE with a position angle of ~50deg. A fit of one Gaussian elliptical function yields a position angle of 28+/-8 degrees for its elongated, compact structure. Combining the 7mm size with earlier measurements at other frequencies we determine a frequency-size dependence of Theta propto nu^(-0.88+/-0.04).
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted in Astronomy & Astrophysics (main journal)
Many-Task Computing and Blue Waters
Creators: name: Katz, Daniel S.
name: Armstrong, Timothy G.
name: Zhang, Zhao
name: Wilde, Michael
name: Wozniak, Justin M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This report discusses many-task computing (MTC) generically and in the context of the proposed Blue Waters systems, which is planned to be the largest NSF-funded supercomputer when it begins production use in 2012. The aim of this report is to inform the BW project about MTC, including understanding aspects of MTC applications that can be used to characterize the domain and understanding the implications of these aspects to middleware and policies. Many MTC applications do not neatly fit the stereotypes of high-performance computing (HPC) or high-throughput computing (HTC) applications. Like HTC applications, by definition MTC applications are structured as graphs of discrete tasks, with explicit input and output dependencies forming the graph edges. However, MTC applications have significant features that distinguish them from typical HTC applications. In particular, different engineering constraints for hardware and software must be met in order to support these applications. HTC applications have traditionally run on platforms such as grids and clusters, through either workflow systems or parallel programming systems. MTC applications, in contrast, will often demand a short time to solution, may be communication intensive or data intensive, and may comprise very short tasks. Therefore, hardware and software for MTC must be engineered to support the additional communication and I/O and must minimize task dispatch overheads. The hardware of large-scale HPC systems, with its high degree of parallelism and support for intensive communication, is well suited for MTC applications. However, HPC systems often lack a dynamic resource-provisioning feature, are not ideal for task communication via the file system, and have an I/O system that is not optimized for MTC-style applications. Hence, additional software support is likely to be required to gain full benefit from the HPC hardware.
Formation of proto-globular cluster candidates in cosmological simulations of dwarf galaxies at $z>4$
Creators: name: Sameie, Omid
name: Boylan-Kolchin, Michael
name: Hopkins, Philip F.
name: Wetzel, Andrew
name: Ma, Xiangcheng
name: Bullock, James S.
name: El-Badry, Kareem
name: Quataert, Eliot
name: Samuel, Jenna
name: Schauer, Anna T. P.
name: Weisz, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform cosmological hydrodynamical simulations to study the formation of proto-globular cluster candidates in progenitors of present-day dwarf galaxies $(M_{\rm vir} \approx 10^{10}\, {\rm M}_\odot$ at $z=0$) as part of the "Feedback in Realistic Environment" (FIRE) project. Compact ($r_{1/2}<30$ pc), relatively massive ($0.5 \times 10^5 \lesssim M_{\star}/{\rm M}_\odot \lesssim 5\times10^5$), self-bound stellar clusters form at $11\gtrsim z \gtrsim 5$ in progenitors with $M_{\rm vir} \approx 10^9\,{\rm M}_\odot$. Cluster formation is triggered when at least $10^7\,{\rm M}_\odot$ of dense, turbulent gas reaches $Σ_{\rm gas} \approx 10^4\, {\rm M}_\odot\, {\rm pc}^{-2}$ as a result of the compressive effects of supernova feedback or from cloud-cloud collisions. The clusters can survive for $2-3\,{\rm Gyr}$; absent numerical effects, they would likely survive substantially longer, perhaps to $z=0$. The longest-lived clusters are those that form at significant distance -- several hundreds of pc -- from their host galaxy. We therefore predict that globular clusters forming in progenitors of present-day dwarf galaxies will be offset from any pre-existing stars within their host dark matter halos as opposed to deeply embedded within a well-defined galaxy. Properties of the nascent clusters are consistent with observations of some of the faintest and most compact high-redshift sources in \textit{Hubble Space Telescope} lensing fields and are at the edge of what will be detectable as point sources in deep imaging of non-lensed fields with the \textit{James Webb Space Telescope}. By contrast, the star clusters' host galaxies will remain undetectable.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, submitted to MNRAS
title: Project instruction for EX-15-04 Leg 3
title: CAPSTONE NWHI Exploration, Leg III
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Elliott, Kelley
Publisher: name: NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and Research.
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Multibeam mapping--Hawaii--Pacific Coast.

description: Operations for this cruise will include ROV, mapping, CTD rosette and telepresence-based remote participation. The expedition will be staged in and out of Pearl Harbor, HI with operations beginning on August 28th and concluding on September 3rd. Operations will use the ship's deep water mapping systems (Kongsberg EM302 multibeam sonar, EK60 split-beam fisheries sonar, and Knudsen 3260 chirp sub-bottom profiler sonar), NOAA's two-body 6000 m remotely operated vehicle (ROVs Deep Discoverer and Seirios), CTD rosette, and the ship's high-bandwidth satellite connection for real-time ship to shore communications. Daytime ROV dives are planned every day from August 28 to September 3. ROV dives will include high-resolution visual surveys, instrument recoveries, and limited rock and biologic specimen sampling. Mapping operations will be conducted overnight and when the ROV is on deck. CTD casts are not currently planned, but may be requested during the cruise to collect more environmental information at sites of interest. This cruise will collect data and information in support of NOAA's Deep Sea Coral Research and Technology Program, and will help establish a baseline of information in the region to catalyze further exploration, research and management activities.
Dissipationless dynamics of randomly coupled spins at high temperatures
Creators: name: Faoro, Lara
name: Ioffe, Lev
name: Kitaev, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a technique to compute the high-frequency asymptotics of spin correlators in weakly interacting disordered spin systems. We show that the dynamical spin correlator decreases exponentially at high frequencies, $< SS>_ω\sim\exp(-τ_{*}ω)$ and compute the characteristic time $τ^{*}$ of this dependence. In a typical random configuration, some fraction of spins form strongly coupled pairs, which behave as two-level systems. Their switching dynamics is driven by the high-frequency noise from the surrounding spins, resulting in low-frequency $1/f$ noise in the magnetic susceptibility and other physical quantities. We discuss application of these results to the problem of susceptibility and flux noise in superconducting circuits at mK temperatures.
Majorana state on the surface of a disordered 3D topological insulator
Creators: name: Ioselevich, P. A.
name: Ostrovsky, P. M.
name: Feigel'man, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study low-lying electron levels in an "antidot" capturing a coreless vortex on the surface of a three-dimensional topological insulator in the presence of disorder. The surface is covered with a superconductor film with a hole of size R larger than coherence length, which induces superconductivity via proximity effect. Spectrum of electron states inside the hole is sensitive to disorder, however, topological properties of the system give rise to a robust Majorana bound state at zero energy. We calculate the subgap density of states with both energy and spatial resolution using the supersymmetric sigma model method. Tunneling into the hole region is sensitive to the Majorana level and exhibits resonant Andreev reflection at zero energy.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Software Updates: Software Citation, FAIR4RS, ReSA, JOSS
Creators: name: Katz, Daniel S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: A talk given at the AGU 2020 Fall Meeting: TH075 - Data FAIR Working Session: Software—Moving Our Community to Accept Software/Code Sharing and Citation Topics:
 1 - FORCE11's Software Citation activities
 2 - The RDA/ReSA/FORCE11 FAIR for Research Software working group
 3 - The Research Software Alliance (ReSA)
 4 - The Journal of Open Source Software (JOSS)
Higgs Phenomenology in Warped Extra-Dimensions with a 4th Generation
Creators: name: Frank, Mariana
name: Korutlu, Beste
name: Toharia, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a warped extra-dimension scenario where the Standard Model fields lie in the bulk, with the addition of a fourth family of fermions. We concentrate on the flavor structure of the Higgs couplings with fermions in the flavor anarchy ansatz. Even without a fourth family, these couplings will be generically misaligned with respect to the SM fermion mass matrices. The presence of the fourth family typically enhances the misalignment effects and we show that one should expect them to be highly non-symmetrical in the ${(34)}$ inter-generational mixing. The radiative corrections from the new fermions and their flavor violating couplings to the Higgs affect negligibly known experimental precision measurements such as the oblique parameters and $Z\to b {\bar b}$ or $Z \to μ^+ μ^-$. On the other hand, $ΔF=1,2$ processes, mediated by tree-level Higgs exchange, as well as radiative corrections to $b \to s γ$ and $μ\to eγ$ put some generic pressure on the allowed size of the flavor violating couplings. But more importantly, these couplings will alter the Higgs decay patterns as well as those of the new fermions, and produce very interesting new signals associated to Higgs phenomenology in high energy colliders. These might become very important indirect signals for these type of models as they would be present even when the KK mass scale is high and no heavy KK particle is discovered.
description: 39 pages, 6 figures
Interlacing properties of zeros of multiple orthogonal polynomials
Creators: name: Haneczok, Maciej
name: Van Assche, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33C47, 42C05, 65Q30, 26C10

description: It is well known that the zeros of orthogonal polynomials interlace. In this paper we study the case of multiple orthogonal polynomials. We recall known results and some recursion relations for multiple orthogonal polynomials. Our main result gives a sufficient condition, based on the coefficients in the recurrence relations, for the interlacing of the zeros of neighboring multiple orthogonal polynomials. We give several examples illustrating our result.
description: 18 pages
Successes and critical failures of neural networks in capturing human-like speech recognition
Creators: name: Adolfi, Federico
name: Bowers, Jeffrey S.
name: Poeppel, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Natural and artificial audition can in principle acquire different solutions to a given problem. The constraints of the task, however, can nudge the cognitive science and engineering of audition to qualitatively converge, suggesting that a closer mutual examination would potentially enrich artificial hearing systems and process models of the mind and brain. Speech recognition - an area ripe for such exploration - is inherently robust in humans to a number transformations at various spectrotemporal granularities. To what extent are these robustness profiles accounted for by high-performing neural network systems? We bring together experiments in speech recognition under a single synthesis framework to evaluate state-of-the-art neural networks as stimulus-computable, optimized observers. In a series of experiments, we (1) clarify how influential speech manipulations in the literature relate to each other and to natural speech, (2) show the granularities at which machines exhibit out-of-distribution robustness, reproducing classical perceptual phenomena in humans, (3) identify the specific conditions where model predictions of human performance differ, and (4) demonstrate a crucial failure of all artificial systems to perceptually recover where humans do, suggesting alternative directions for theory and model building. These findings encourage a tighter synergy between the cognitive science and engineering of audition.
Pilot Waves Of De Broglie-Bohm And Gravity Waves In The Universal Matrix
Creators: name: KINET, Guido
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: D-Branes, String, gravity, univesal matrix, the evolutionary origin of time, consequences ....

description: Time is an evolutionary given. There was no need for a time factor in the creation of the cosmos, but our brains cannot project a world in 3D without it, so one has to wonder whether the world as we perceive and attempt to unravel in mathematical formulas, is the reality.

Often I have the impression that in some way ( these) “mathematical formulas” are trying to give us a glance on how our brains function rather than explaining the “reality”  that seeps in.

The Universe is not, as often claimed a hologram projected from a substrate that exists only in lower dimensions, THE universe is an entity entirely on its own. It is in fact a quantum based matrix with high probability that it is built on a digital basis.

Information in the cloud …. ????

It is designed out of “n” layers of a two dimensional field made of the smallest hexagonal D2-branes possible, woven into a 3D canvas or matrix, the cradle of existence, which became a ”perceptible reality” once that first blob of organic matter responded to its surroundings and evolved out of the primordial soup, molding its own three-dimensional image.

It does not imply that the universe came into existence at that very moment, it was already there but we were not yet around to marvel on its grandeur.

As the origin of particles unravels, dark energy and dark matter moved out of the shadow.

At the same time there is that new concept how gravity works, it deepens the Newtonian idea about gravity and at the same time redirects Einstein’s idea of a curved universe.  It doesn’t  rejects both theories, it only adds new insights on the universal and terrestrial gravity.

In physics the definition of a closed string is a string that has no end-points, and therefore is topologically equivalent to a circle, but as proven  a single string is unable to curl up and  if a “closed string” refers to a single string with the assumption that one of the vibrational modes of a closed string can be identified as the graviton, there is a problem
Practice Abstract #8: Small scale farmers contributing to Agroecology education at Farmers Training Centre in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Tilahun, Mohammed
name: Abraha, Zenebe
name: Tesfay, Girmay
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: NextFood; h2020; practice abstracts; farmers' training centres (FTC)

description: Farmers’ Training Centres (FTC) serve as colleges for the small scale farming community in rural Ethiopia.
The impact of peer-to-peer learning versus learning alone on measures of score, confidence and misconceptions within the adult disadvantaged population
Creators: name: Kelly, Patrick W.
Publisher: name: Education
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 128-139
description: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of Peer-to-Peer Learning with Learning Alone on measures of Score, Confidence and Misconceptions among the disadvantaged adult population. At two different locations, an instructor taught three basic word processing workshops, all with the same content. Each workshop was randomly assigned to one of three measures: Peer-to-Peer, Individual, and No Intervention. Each student completed a Pre-Survey, Pre-Test, Lesson-Test (Peer-to-Peer and Individual intervention only), Post-Test, and Post-Survey. Two-way ANOVAs with one repeated measure were used to analyze Score, Confidence and Misconceptions. Previous research suggests that Peer-to-Peer Learning is far more effective than traditional classroom lectures. Results from this study support this theory in that the Peer­to-Peer students did significantly better on Performance than Individual treatment during intervention. However, this difference was not apparent during the retention test. Discussion centered on possible reasons for these findings and the implications on future research are provided.
Lectures on holographic non-Fermi liquids and quantum phase transitions
Creators: name: Iqbal, Nabil
name: Liu, Hong
name: Mezei, Márk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In these lecture notes we review some recent attempts at searching for non-Fermi liquids and novel quantum phase transitions in holographic systems using gauge/gravity duality. We do this by studying the simplest finite density system arising from the duality, obtained by turning on a nonzero chemical potential for a U(1) global symmetry of a CFT, and described on the gravity side by a charged black hole. We address the following questions of such a finite density system: 1. Does the system have a Fermi surface? What are the properties of low energy excitations near the Fermi surface? 2. Does the system have an instability to condensation of scalar operators? What is the critical behavior near the corresponding quantum critical point? We find interesting parallels with those of high T_c cuprates and heavy electron systems. Playing a crucial role in our discussion is a universal intermediate-energy phase, called a "semi-local quantum liquid", which underlies the non-Fermi liquid and novel quantum critical behavior of a system. It also provides a novel mechanism for the emergence of lower energy states such as a Fermi liquid or a superconductor.
description: 70 pages. Based on lectures given by Hong Liu
No need for Bayesian Hypotheses. Automated 14C-based site seriation with unattended outlier analysis and self-regulation of sampling bias. Case studies for the Bronze and Early Iron Age in SE Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean.
Creators: name: Weninger, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Public lecture (ppt) held at the Austrian Academy of Sciences and Austrian Archaeological Institute in Wien (A) on 2nd Dec 2023, on invitation by Mario Gavranović and Katharina Rebay-Salisbury, at the Conference on Absolute Chronologies of the European Middle and Late Bronze Ages. Challenges and Perspectives
Topics:
1. Barcode Seriation
2. Calibration Curve Switch (CCS)
3. Santorini Eruption Date
4. Pottery Seriation Furumark-Mountjoy
VLT/X-shooter spectroscopy of the candidate black-hole X-ray binary MAXI J1659-152 in outburst
Creators: name: Kaur, Ramanpreet
name: Kaper, Lex
name: Ellerbroek, Lucas E.
name: Russell, David M.
name: Altamirano, Diego
name: Wijnands, Rudy
name: Yang, Yi-Jung
name: D'Avanzo, Paolo
name: Postigo, Antonio de Ugarte
name: Flores, Hector
name: Fynbo, Johan P. U.
name: Goldoni, Paolo
name: Thone, Christina C.
name: van der Horst, Alexander
name: van der Klis, Michiel
name: Kouveliotou, Chryssa
name: Wiersema, Klaas
name: Kuulkers, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the optical to near-infrared spectrum of MAXI J1659-152, during the onset of its 2010 X-ray outburst. The spectrum was obtained with X-shooter on the ESO - Very Large Telescope (VLT) early in the outburst simultaneous with high quality observations at both shorter and longer wavelengths. At the time of the observations, the source was in the low-hard state. The X-shooter spectrum includes many broad (~2000 km/s), double-peaked emission profiles of H, HeI, HeII, characteristic signatures of a low-mass X-ray binary during outburst. We detect no spectral signatures of the low-mass companion star. The strength of the diffuse interstellar bands results in a lower limit to the total interstellar extinction of Av ~ 0.4 mag. Using the neutral hydrogen column density obtained from the X-ray spectrum we estimate Av ~1 mag. The radial-velocity structure of the interstellar NaI D and CaII H & K lines results in a lower limit to the distance of ~ 4 +/- 1 kpc, consistent with previous estimates. With this distance and Av, the dereddened spectral energy distribution represents a flat disk spectrum. The two subsequent 10 minute X-shooter spectra show significant variability in the red wing of the emission-line profiles, indicating a global change in the density structure of the disk, though on a timescale much shorter than the typical viscous timescale of the disk.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Long-Timescale Soliton Dynamics in the Korteweg-de Vries Equation with Multiplicative Translation-Invariant Noise
Creators: name: Westdorp, Rik W. S.
name: Hupkes, Hermen Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H15, 35Q53, 35C07

description: This paper studies the behavior of solitons in the Korteweg-de Vries equation under the influence of multiplicative noise. We introduce stochastic processes that track the amplitude and position of solitons based on a rescaled frame formulation and stability properties of the soliton family. We furthermore construct tractable approximations to the stochastic soliton amplitude and position which reveal their leading-order drift. We find that the statistical properties predicted by our method agree well with numerical evidence.
description: 60 pages, 13 figures. Minor corrections, version accepted in Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena
Significance of mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sedimentation in the Mississippian Banff Formation, greater Cessford area, southeastern Alberta
Creators: name: Goldthorpe, Alice G.
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: QE672 .G65 1997A
subject: Additonal Copy: QE672 .G65 1997 (Gallagher)
subject: Geology, Stratigraphic - Mississippian
subject: Banff Formation (Alta.)
subject: Sedimentation and deposition - Alberta
subject: Rocks, Carbonate - Alberta
subject: Rocks, Siliceous - Alberta

description: Bibliography: p. 203-220.
Casimir Friction Force for Moving Harmonic Oscillators
Creators: name: Høye, Johan S.
name: Brevik, Iver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Casimir friction is analyzed for a pair of dielectric particles in relative motion. We first adopt a microscopic model for harmonically oscillating particles at finite temperature T moving non-relativistically with constant velocity. We use a statistical-mechanical description where time-dependent correlations are involved. This description is physical and direct, and, in spite of its simplicity, is able to elucidate the essentials of the problem. This treatment elaborates upon, and extends, an earlier theory of ours back in 1992. The energy change Delta E turns out to be finite in general, corresponding to a finite friction force. In the limit of zero temperature the formalism yields, however, Delta E ->0, this being due to our assumption about constant velocity, meaning slowly varying coupling. For couplings varying more rapidly, there will also be a finite friction force at T=0. As second part of our work, we consider the friction problem using time-dependent perturbation theory. The dissipation, basically a second order effect, is obtainable with the use of first order theory, the reason being the absence of cross terms due to uncorrelated phases of eigenstates. The third part of the present paper is to demonstrate explicitly the equivalence of our results with those recently obtained by Barton (2010); this being not a trivial task since the formal results are seemingly quite different from each other.
description: 14 pages latex, one eps figure. Contribution to the QFEXT11 Proceedings
Nursing on paper: the art and mystery of therapeutic letters in clinical work with families experiencing illness
Creators: name: Moules, Nancy Jean
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: RT120 .F34 M68 2000
subject: Family psychotherapy
subject: Family nursing
subject: Letters - Therapeutic use
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Bibliography: p. 233-251.
title: Επίδραση της μεταβολής της στάθμης τεχνητής λίμνης στην ευστάθεια των πρανών
title: Slope stability impacts in a pit lake due to changes at the water level
Creators: name: Ραπτακη Μαρια-Αγγελικη
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2023

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία έχει ως στόχο να διερευνήσει την επίδραση της μεταβολής της στάθμης του νερού τεχνητής λίμνης στην ευστάθεια των πρανών. Ως πεδίο έρευνας χρησιμοποιήθηκε η τεχνητή λίμνη Most στην Τσεχία, η οποία προέκυψε από την πλήρωση εκσκαφών λιγνιτωρυχείων της περιοχής.
Η ευστάθεια των πρανών της λίμνης διερευνήθηκε σε θέσεις, ακολουθώντας διάφορα σενάρια μεταβολής της στάθμης του νερού. Στα σενάρια αυτά λήφθηκε υπόψη το μοντέλο Van Genuchten για την εκτίμηση της επίδρασης της μύζησης στην διαπερατότητα των στρωμάτων στην ακόρεστη ζώνη. Επίσης, για την εκτίμηση της γεωτεχνικής συμπεριφοράς τους χρησιμοποιήθηκε το ελαστοπλαστικό μοντέλο Mohr – Coulomb.
Χρησιμοποιήθηκαν τα λογισμικά SEEP/W και SLOPE/W της Geoslope international, με τα οποία έγινε η εκτίμηση της πίεσης του νερού των πόρων και η ανάλυση οριακής ισορροπίας  αντίστοιχα.
description: The lake formation is the most common way of rehabilitating lignite mine excavations after the end of mining. These pit lakes are usually aesthetically attractive and are mainly used for recreational purposes.
This thesis aims to investigate the slope stability in a pit lake due to changes of water level. The case of the Most pit lake (in Czech Republic) was used to study the behavior of the slopes in relation to water level alteration.
The stability of lake's slope was investigated in three locations, following different water level changes. In these scenarios, the Van Genuchten model was taken into consideration to assess the effect of suction on permeability of the strata in the unsaturated zone. Also, the Mohr - Coulomb elastoplastic model was used to evaluate their geotechnical behavior.

Initially, the pore water pressure and the impact of suction in the unsaturated zone were estimated using the finite element software SEEP/W. Then, the limit equilibrium method (Morgenstern-Price method of slices) was used for slope stability analysis using SLOPE/W software.
It is concluded that the slopes of the lake are stable. However, the safety factor decreases with lowering water level of the lake. The higher the rate of lowering of the water level, the lower the safety factor of the slopes is estimated.
Also, the fluctuation of the lake water level reduces the stability of the slopes; this result is not affected by the number of variations.
Quantum oscillations of nitrogen atoms in uranium nitride
Creators: name: Aczel, A. A.
name: Granroth, G. E.
name: MacDougall, G. J.
name: Buyers, W. J. L.
name: Abernathy, D. L.
name: Samolyuk, G. D.
name: Stocks, G. M.
name: Nagler, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vibrational excitations of crystalline solids corresponding to acoustic or optic one phonon modes appear as sharp features in measurements such as neutron spectroscopy. In contrast, many-phonon excitations generally produce a complicated, weak, and featureless response. Here we present time-of-flight neutron scattering measurements for the binary solid uranium nitride (UN), showing well-defined, equally-spaced, high energy vibrational modes in addition to the usual phonons. The spectrum is that of a single atom, isotropic quantum harmonic oscillator and characterizes independent motions of light nitrogen atoms, each found in an octahedral cage of heavy uranium atoms. This is an unexpected and beautiful experimental realization of one of the fundamental, exactly-solvable problems in quantum mechanics. There are also practical implications, as the oscillator modes must be accounted for in the design of generation IV nuclear reactors that plan to use UN as a fuel.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Nature Communications, supplementary information added
An exploration of musculoskeletal disorders in healthcare portering staff
Creators: name: Vaughan, Gemma
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 330399
subject: Design not elsewhere classified

description: This research addresses a lack of research into the role of the healthcare porter and their musculoskeletal health. The focus of health care research has historically been on clinical and medical staff such as Doctors, Nurses, Sonographers and Allied Health Professionals. These professions undertake little of the tasks, in terms of duration and intensity, that the porters do. In addition to this there did not appear to be a standardised job role for the healthcare porter. To address this, this research aimed to define the porters role, identify any existing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), exploring previous work history in relation to the start of their MSDs, what preventative measures were currently in place and what further actions could be taken.The research incorporates evidence from a detailed literature review into MSDs in healthcare occupations and occupations that undertake tasks similar to porters; semi-structured interviews; observational studies (REBA, RULA, QEC and OWAS); and focus groups with subject matter experts and end users. It determines that, even within one health board, the porters’ role is diverse and that there are no two identical days.The observations study identified that some tasks were undertaken more frequently than others or for longer duration and that some were higher risk from postures adopted. Of these tasks the waste and linen removal process was selected for further investigation due to the duration of the task and the repetitive manual handling. The task involved manual and semi-mechanised elements and traveling long distances by foot. Although some improvement in the task could be immediately identified by the researcher consultation with the porters, their supervisors and subject matter experts in both manual handling, and health and safety were arranged in the form of fucus groups. These were to determine possible interventions and barriers to their implementation. These were grouped into short term (<6 months to implement), Medium term (changes to existing buildings and >6months to implement) and finally long term (those incorporated into new builds). Although there were many mechanical options discussed there was also a real focus on education of others of the porters role as well as the porters supported.
Deep learning the cis-regulatory code for gene expression in selected model plants
Creators: name: Peleke, Fritz Forbang
name: Zumkeller, Simon Maria
name: Gültas, Mehmet
name: Schmitt, Armin
name: Szymański, Jędrzej Jakub
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2873437/v1
On $SL(2,\mathbb{R})$-cocycles over irrational rotations with secondary collisions
Creators: name: Ivanov, Alexey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37C55

description: We consider a skew product $F_{A} = (σ_ω, A)$ over irrational rotation $σ_ω(x) = x + ω$ of a circle $\mathbb{T}^{1}$. It is supposed that the transformation $A: \mathbb{T}^{1} \to SL(2, \mathbb{R})$ being a $C^{1}$-map has the form $A(x) = R(φ(x)) Z(λ(x))$, where $R(φ)$ is a rotation in $\mathbb{R}^{2}$ over the angle $φ$ and $Z(λ)= diag\{λ, λ^{-1}\}$ is a diagonal matrix. Assuming that $λ(x) \ge λ_{0} > 1$ with a sufficiently large constant $λ_{0}$ and the function $φ$ be such that $\cos φ(x)$ possesses only simple zeroes, we study hyperbolic properties of the cocycle generated by $F_{A}$. We apply the critical set method to show that, under some additional requirements on the derivative of the function $φ$, the secondary collisions compensate weakening of the hyperbolicity due to primary collisions and the cocycle generated by $F_{A}$ becomes hyperbolic in contrary to the case when secondary collisions can be partially eliminated.
Sub-shot-noise interferometry with two-mode quantum states
Creators: name: Marolleau, Quentin
name: Leprince, Charlie
name: Gondret, Victor
name: Boiron, Denis
name: Westbrook, Christoph I
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the feasibility of sub-shot-noise interferometry with imperfect detectors, starting from twin-Fock states and two mode squeezed vacuum states. We derive analytical expressions for the corresponding phase uncertainty. We find that one can achieve phase shift measurements below the standard quantum limit, as long as the losses are smaller than a given threshold, and that the measured phase is close enough to an optimal value. We provide our analytical formulae in a Python package, accessible online.
The effect of the environment on the P1/P2 period ratio for kink oscillations of coronal loops
Creators: name: Orza, B.
name: Ballai, I.
name: Jain, R.
name: Murawski, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The P1/P2 period ratio of transversal loop oscillations is currently used for the diagnostics of longitudinal structuring of coronal loops as its deviation from 2 is intrinsically connected to the density scale-height along coronal loops and/or the sub-resolution structure of the magnetic field. The same technique can be applied not only to coronal structures, but also to other oscillating magnetic structures. The oscillations in magnetic structures are described by differential equations whose coefficients depend on the longitudinal structure of the plasma. Using a variational principle written for the transversal component of the velocity vector, developed earlier by McEwan et al. (2008), we investigate how the different temperature of the environment compared to the temperature of the magnetic structure will influence the P1/P2 ratio for typical coronal and prominence conditions. The possible changes are translated into quantities that are used in the process of remote plasma diagnostics in the solar atmosphere.
Room Temperature Superconductivity: the Roles of Theory and Materials Design
Creators: name: Pickett, Warren E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For half a century after the discovery of superconductivity, materials exploration for better superconductors proceeded without knowledge of the underlying mechanism. The 1957 BCS theory cleared that up: the superconducting state occurs due to pairing of electrons over the Fermi surface. Over the following half century higher critical temperature T$_c$ was achieved only serendipitously as new materials were synthesized. Meanwhile the formal theory of phonon-coupled superconductivity at the material-dependent level became highly developed: given a known compound, its value of T$_c$, the superconducting gap function, and several other properties of the superconducting state became available independent of further experimental input. More recently, density functional theory based computational materials design has progressed to a predictive level -- new materials can be predicted on the basis of various numerical algorithms. Taken together, these capabilities enable theoretical prediction of new superconductors. Here the process that resulted in three new highest temperature superconductors, predicted numerically, confirmed experimentally -- SH$_3$, LaH$_{10}$, and YH$_9$ -- is recounted. These hydrides have T$_c$ in the 200-280K range at megabar pressures, and here the development will be chronicled. Current activities and challenges are discussed, together with Regularities in compressed hydrides that can guide further exploration.
description: 29 pages, 12 figures, 104 references
Unity in Major Themes - Convergence vs. Arbitrariness in the Development of Mathematics
Creators: name: Booss-Bavnbek, Bernhelm
name: Davis, Philip J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 01A60, 01A67, 01A80 (Primary) 91E99 (Secondary)

description: We describe and explain the desire, common among mathematicians, both for unity and independence in its major themes. In the dialogue that follows, we express our spontaneous and considered judgment and reservations by contrasting the development of mathematics as a goal-driven process as opposed to one that often seems to possess considerable arbitrariness.
description: To the memory of Gian-Carlo Rota (April 27, 1932 - April 18, 1999), Contribution to the XI Oesterreichisches Symposion zur Geschichte der Mathematik, Organiser: Christa Binder, Topic: Der Blick aufs Ganze. Gibt es grosse Linien in der Entwicklung der Mathematik? Venue: Miesenbach (Austria), 22-28 April, 2012, 9 pages