Cheiloneurus glycon Noyes 2023, sp.nov.
Creators: name: Noyes, John Stuart
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Encyrtidae
Cheiloneurus
Cheiloneurus glycon

description: Cheiloneurus glycon sp.nov.   
(Figs 985 -991; Hab. E 145)  
 DIAGNOSIS. Female (length about 1.5-2.0mm): body mostly orange with a very weak to metallic sheen, some darker areas with a stronger metallic sheen, temple and gena with an elongate dark brown stripe; antenna (Fig. 990) with scape pale orange; pedicel pale orange; funicle proximally brown, medially orange, distally white; clava dark brown; posterior two-fifths of mesoscutum with moderately dense silvery setae; fore and hind coxae white, mid coxa orange, sometimes brown ventrally; legs otherwise mostly white to pale orange with some brown areas; wings fully developed (Fig. 987) or shortened (Fig. 986); fully developed fore wing mostly infuscate with a vaguely V-shaped hyaline area in basal cell and a small hyaline area at apex of venation; abbreviated fore wing weakly infuscate towards base and more strongly so in apical one-fifth, remainder hyaline; head (Fig. 991) about 5.1X as wide as frontovertex, in facial view about 1.3X as long as broad, suboval with genae converging and virtually straight but more strongly curved inwards near mouth; frontovertex with about 13 inconspicuous setae medially between anterior ocellus and scrobes; eye separated from scrobe by about 3X diameter of anterior ocellus, area between eye and scrobe with conspicuous sculpture; scrobes deep, sharply margined; interantennal prominence with about 16 inconspicuous setae and dorsally rounded; mandible tridentate; antenna (Fig. 990) with scape about 6.5X as long as broad; funicle with F1-F2 clearly longer than broad, F3-F6 subquadrate; linear sensilla on F3-F6; clava 3-segmented, slightly shorter than F4-F6 combined; sensory area poorly defined, extending ventrally about 0.4X length of clava, apex obliquely truncate; head width much greater than funicle length but clearly less than flagellum length; mesoscutum (Fig. 985) with fairly uniform polygonally reticulate sculpture; scutellum with a distinct, apical tuft of setae; wings fully developed (Fig. 987) or shortened (Fig. 986) with apex transversely truncate and not quite reaching cercal plates of gaster; fully developed fore wing about 3.1-3.2X as long as broad; parastigma clearly downcurved; costal cell dorsally naked and ventrally virtually naked at most with two or three setae in a line; area below proximal part of parastigma with a group of about 20 setae; apices of postmarginal and stigmal veins connected by a naked hyaline area that hardly continues into disc (Fig. 989); apical bristle of postmarginal vein about 0.5X as long as marginal vein; abbreviated fore wing (Fig. 986) about 6X as long as broad; mid tibial spur about as long as basitarsus; propodeum (Fig. 985) with about six silvery setae adjacent to spiracle, side naked; syntergum about 0.8X as long as mid tibia with apex weakly rounded; ovipositor (Fig. 988) about 3.5X gonostylus or about 1.2X as long as mid tibia; gonostylus about 1.2X as long as mid tibial spur; exserted part of ovipositor about 0.3X as long as mid tibial spur. Male: unknown.   
Female (macropterous holotype): length, including ovipositor, 1.95mm; excluding ovipositor, 1.89mm (CPD).  
Head generally pale orange; a diffuse brown streak from lowest part of eye towards torulus, but not reaching scrobe, another from top of temple to base of mandible; orange areas with a weak brassy sheen, brown areas with a distinct purple and brassy sheen; frontovertex with inconspicuous pale brown setae along inner eye margins; 2 or 3 lines of similar setae below eye; interantennal prominence clothed with sparse, similar setae; maxillary palpus pale orange, terminal segment dark brown; antenna (Fig. 990) with radicle and scape pale orange; pedicel pale orange, faintly dusky proximally; F1-F2 brown, F3 orange-brown, F4-F6 white, clava dark brown; pronotum orange with faint blue and purple reflections; prosternum orange, brown anterior to coxa; mesoscutum orange, anterior 0.6X clothed in relatively sparse dark brown setae, posterior 0.4X and side clothed in slightly more dense, translucent, silvery setae mixed with a few dark brown setae; tegula orange, apex slightly dusky orange; axilla pale orange with a few brassy reflections; scutellum pale orange in anterior 0.6X and orange apically, with a few brassy reflections, clothed with brown setae, subapical tuft black; metanotum slightly dusky orange; mesopleuron orange with a weak brassy lustre; fore coxa white; base of fore femur white, rest of leg pale orange; mid coxa mostly orange, but pale brown ventrally; mid femur mostly white, apex orange, slightly brownish dorsally at apex, mid tibia orange with dorsal margin brown along most of its length, spur and tarsus pale orange; hind coxa white; hind femur orange, extreme base white, a small brown, subbasal spot dorsally, apex brown, tibia white at extreme base, otherwise dark brown fading to orange distally, tarsus pale orange; fore wing (Fig. 987) mostly infuscate but hyaline towards base, venation pale brown; propodeum orange with a weak brassy and purple sheen, a tight group of 10-12 conspicuous silvery setae anterolateral to spiracle; gaster pale orange with a moderate brassy sheen, proximal tergites slightly dusky; gonostylus pale orange.  
Head (Fig. 991) about 5.1X as wide as frontovertex, in profile 2.1X as high as deep, anteriorly evenly rounded from occipital margin to just above top of scrobes then abruptly angled towards mouth margin with interantennal prominence slightly protuberant; occipital margin sharp, not carinate; ocelli forming an angle of about 40°; frontovertex quite shiny, with conspicuous, coarse, polygonally reticulate sculpture of mesh size hardly smaller than diameter of facet; narrowest point between eye and scrobe about 3X diameter of anterior ocellus and with slightly shallower sculpture; temple with shallow, irregular, elongate, sculpture; gena with slightly deeper more regular, polygonally reticulate sculpture; scrobes deep, ∩-shaped, meeting, sharply margined dorsally and laterally, carinate laterally; interantennal prominence with a weak, median ridge, dorsally rounded and with relatively shallow, polygonally reticulate sculpture; antenna as in Fig. 990; scape subcylindrical, about 6.5X as long as broad; F1-F2 clearly longer than broad, F3- F6 subquadrate, segments larger and broader distad; clava hardly broadened, a little longer than F4-F6 combined, sutures oblique, sensory area enlarged, poorly defined, but extending ventrally about 0.4X length of clava, apex obliquely truncate; eye not reaching occipital margin, separated by about 1.5X diameter of facet, clothed in moderately conspicuous, setae, each generally about as long as diameter of facet; inner eye margins converging slightly in front of anterior ocellus, but clearly diverging above top of scrobes; malar sulcus absent; clypeal margin concave medially; mandible with three acute teeth; apical segment of maxillary palpus slightly enlarged, nearly 3X as long as radicle. Relative measurements: HW 69, HH 93, FV 13.5, POL 6, OOL 1, OCL 13, AOL 12.5, EL 60, EW 37.5, MS 32, SL 45, SW 7.  
Thorax (Fig. 985) with pronotum moderately long, exposed behind head, about 0.8X as long as mesoscutum, pronotum with polygonally reticulate sculpture that is very slightly shallower than that on frontovertex; mesoscutum with sculpture similar to frontovertex, slightly deeper anteriorly; axilla and scutellum with similar sculpture to mesoscutum, perhaps a little shallower and more transverse on axilla; visible part of mesoscutum about 1.5X as broad as long; scutellum about 1.1X as long as broad, with a distinct subapical tuft, setae about half as long as scutellum; mid tibia without a distinct external carina; hind femur about 6X as long as broad; fore wing with venation and setation as in Figs 987, 989; costal cell naked dorsally at apex; apices of postmarginal and stigmal veins connected by a naked, hyaline streak; propodeum (Fig. 985) medially about 0.4X as long as scutellum and virtually smooth. Relative measurements: FWL 76.5, FWW 24.5; HWL 69, HWW 16.  
Gaster with hypopygium reaching about 0.3X to apex; syntergum about 0.9X as long as mid tibia, with apex weakly rounded; ovipositor slightly exserted, the exserted part about one-third length of mid tibial spur or about 0.1X mid tibia.  
Paratype (macropterous). Funicle with linear sensilla present only on F4-F6; gaster without “gland-like” structures on Gt1 or Gt5; ovipositor Fig. 988. Relative measurements: OL 54.5, GL 15.5 [MT 46].  
Variation. Females vary in overall length from 1.48-1.95mm, F3 may be completely pale yellow, the mid coxa may be ventrally dark brown, the interantennal prominence may not have a distinct median ridge, the wings may be shortened so that the fore wing is about 6X as long as broad, with apex truncate, not quite reaching the cercal plates and with only apical one-quarter or so infuscate and there may be only 4 or 5 translucent, silvery setae anterolateral to propodeal spiracle.  
Male. Unknown.  
DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica.  
HOSTS. Unknown.  
MATERIAL EXAMINED.  
 Type material. Holotype E: COSTA RICA, Guanacaste, Santa Rosa NP, Sn. Emilio 5-0, 10-31.i.1987 (Janzen, Gauld). Paratypes: COSTA RICA, 11E, Guanacaste, various localities and dates, 7.xii.1985 - 4. iv.1987 (Janzen, Gauld); 1E, Guanacaste, PN Palo Verde, Sect. Palo Verde, 40m, #61364, 8-17.ii.2001 (I. Jiménez); 1E, San José, Ciudad Colon, Hda El Rodeo, 16.ii.1991 (Hym. Parataxonomists). Holotype in MZUCR, paratypes in NHMUK, MZUCR and USNM.   
 COMMENTS. See comments under dymorus (p. 386).
description: Published as part of Noyes, John Stuart, 2023, ENCYRTIDAE OF COSTA RICA (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA), 4 Subfamily Encyrtinae: tribes Arrhenophagini, Habrolepidini, Cerapterocerini, Cheiloneurini, Trechnitini, Cercobelini, Polaszekiini, Protyndarichoidini, Gahaniellini and Syrphophagini (part), mainly primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids of Coccoidea and Psylloidea (Hemiptera), pp. 1-921 in Taxonomic Monographs on Neotropical Hymenoptera (Oxford, England) (Oxford, England) 2 (11) on pages 386-388, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8074943