cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Employment Status, Coronary Heart Disease, and Stroke Among Women
Creators: name: Rose, Kathryn M.
name: Diez-Roux, Ana V.
name: Wyatt, Sharon B.
name: Muntaner, Carles
name: Catellier, Diane J.
name: Carson, April P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: To investigate the association of employment status with CHD and ischemic stroke among middle-aged women.
Discovery of a Weyl Fermion Semimetal and Topological Fermi Arcs
Creators: name: Xu, Su-Yang
name: Belopolski, Ilya
name: Alidoust, Nasser
name: Neupane, Madhab
name: Zhang, Chenglong
name: Sankar, Raman
name: Huang, Shin-Ming
name: Lee, Chi-Cheng
name: Chang, Guoqing
name: Wang, BaoKai
name: Bian, Guang
name: Zheng, Hao
name: Sanchez, Daniel S.
name: Chou, Fangcheng
name: Lin, Hsin
name: Jia, Shuang
name: Hasan, M. Zahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report discovery of a Weyl Fermion semimetal and Topological Fermi arcs in TaAs
description: This work (Science 2015) is based on the first theoretical prediction of TaAs family as Weyl Semimetals, see Nature Commun. (November, 2014) our earlier theory work at http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2015/150612/ncomms8373/full/ncomms8373.html (November, 2014), arXiv:1501.00755
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF A WAVY SURFACE EFFECT IN COUETTE-TAYLOR-POISEUILLE FLOWS
Creators: name:  F. ALOUI
name:   L. KEIRSBULCK
name:   L. GAIED
Publisher: name: Proceedings of  the 9th European Conference for Aerospace Sciences. Lille, France, 27 June - 1 July, 2022
Year: 2022
Subjects: FLIGHT PHYSICS
INSTABILITY
TRANSITION

description: In this study, we focused the attention on the effect of an imposed axial flow on the Taylor-Couette flow with a regular distributed wavy form on the surface of the inner cylinder. Without an imposed axial flow and using visualization and quantitative studies, a series of developed distinguishable flow regimes was clearly observed. For these regimes, we investigate laminar flow (Couette Flow CF), vortex flow (Wavy Taylor WVF), modulated flow (Wavy Taylor Vortex MWVF) and chaotic flows until the full turbulence. The appearance of these regimes is highly dependent on the surface geometry of the Couette-Taylor system in contact with the fluid. Furthermore, when an axial flow is imposed on a Taylor-Couette flow, new helical vortex structures are observed. The emergence of these flow states indicates that a richer dynamic can develop in the Couette-Taylor (CT) flows. Hence, an imposed axial flow is an important factor or parameter in CT flow applications. The superimposition of an axial flow can accentuate the dependence of the effect on surface roughness (surface form of the inner cylinder). It is interesting to note that the presence of a rough surface (wavy form) on the inner cylinder of the CT system accelerates the appearance of helical structures. Using the visualization by Kalliroscope particles and the polarography technique (electrochemical technique), the time series of the obtained velocity gradient (wall shear stress), were associated with each flow state thus allowing the analysis and identification of the imposed axial flow effect on hydrodynamic instabilities of the Couette-Taylor flow.
Two-Higgs Doublet Model Matched to Nonlinear Effective Theory
Creators: name: Buchalla, G.
name: König, F.
name: Müller-Salditt, Ch.
name: Pandler, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use functional methods to match the Two-Higgs Doublet Model with heavy scalars in the nondecoupling regime to the appropriate nonlinear effective field theory, which takes the form of an electroweak chiral Lagrangian (HEFT). The effective Lagrangian is derived to leading order in the chiral counting. This includes the loop induced $h\toγγ$ and $h\to Zγ$ local terms, which enter at the same chiral order as their counterparts in the Standard Model. An algorithm is presented that allows us to compute the coefficient functions to all orders in $h$. Some of the all-orders results are given in closed form. The parameter regimes for decoupling, nondecoupling and alignment scenarios in the effective field theory context and some phenomenological implications are briefly discussed.
description: 20 pages, no figures; v2: paragraph on custodial symmetry breaking and further references added, matches published version
Life Course Socioeconomic Conditions and Metabolic Syndrome in Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Creators: name: Golden, Sherita H.
name: Rose, Kathryn M.
name: McNeill, Annie M.
name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: Chichlowska, Kristal L.
name: Diez-Roux, Ana V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: This study examined the effect of childhood, adulthood and cumulative SES (cumSES) on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in middle-aged adults in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, (1987–89).
Mass Estimation of an Electric Pump Cycle Engine for 30kN-class Upper Stage Launch Vehicle Based on a Battery Technology
Creators: name:  J. KIM
name:   G.Y. KIM
name:   H.J.  LEE
name:   H. HUH
Publisher: name: Proceedings of  the 9th European Conference for Aerospace Sciences. Lille, France, 27 June - 1 July, 2022
Year: 2022
Subjects: PROPULSION PHYSICS

description: An electric pump cycle uses a pump with an electrically driven motor and battery to supply high-pressure level of propellant to the combustion chamber, which replaces a gas generator and turbine in a gas generator cycle. For this reason, an electric pump cycle has a simple system that possibility of reducing a propellant which use for the additional propellant to drive a turbine in a gas generator cycle. Therefore, the tank and propellant mass of an electric pump cycle can be reduced compared to a gas generator cycle, which increases payload capacity. In addition, in an electric pump cycle, a pump is electrically driven by a motor, which has advantageous for rapid ignition and stabilization. Therefore, studies of an electric pump cycle have been conducted in many countries, such as theoretical mass estimation of the feed systems, components design, and comparative study with other feed systems. However, mass estimation of an electric pump cycle in previous studies consider a battery type with Li-ion, Li-polymer, and Li-sulfur batteries[1], but battery technologies are improved significantly fast in recent years. Therefore, estimation of an electric pump cycle engine mass, which applying the latest battery performance is necessary, since it occupies a large part of engine mass in an electric pump cycle. In this study, the latest battery technologies were considered and mathematically estimated the feed system mass of an electric pump cycle. In addition, engine components such as combustion chamber, nozzle, pipe and valve were included, and the mass ratio of each component in an electric pump cycle was estimated. In consideration of 30kN class ??LO?_x/LCH?_4 upper stage engine, mass estimation at the optimal combustion time was analyzed according to a battery. As a result, an electric pump cycle engine showed that 3.62% decrease of mass compared to a gas generator cycle at a condition of 3.5MPa chamber pressure, 719s burning time. In addition, considering advanced battery technology, the mass of the battery in an electric pump cycle can be decreased by about 16.08%. In summary, considering a 30kN class ??LO?_x/LCH?_4 upper stage launch vehicle engine and recent battery technology, an electric pump cycle has an advantage of mass from burning time of 607 s and longer. For this reason, a payload capacity increase in an electric pump cycle is possible in a long burning time, which is expected to utilize in an upper stage launch vehicle. Therefore, additional research on orbital injection mass along with an orbital analysis will be conducted in future works.
SQuADDS: A validated design database and simulation workflow for superconducting qubit design
Creators: name: Shanto, Sadman
name: Kuo, Andre
name: Miyamoto, Clark
name: Zhang, Haimeng
name: Maurya, Vivek
name: Vlachos, Evangelos
name: Hecht, Malida
name: Shum, Chung Wa
name: Levenson-Falk, Eli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an open-source database of superconducting quantum device designs that may be used as the starting point for customized devices. Each design can be generated programmatically using the open-source Qiskit Metal package, and simulated using finite-element electromagnetic solvers. We present a robust workflow for achieving high accuracy on design simulations. Many designs in the database are experimentally validated, showing excellent agreement between simulated and measured parameters. Our database includes a front-end interface that allows users to generate ``best-guess'' designs based on desired circuit parameters. This project lowers the barrier to entry for research groups seeking to make a new class of devices by providing them a well-characterized starting point from which to refine their designs.
Proposals for ruling out the real quantum theories in an entanglement-swapping quantum network with causally independent sources
Creators: name: Yao, Jian
name: Chen, Hu
name: Mao, Ya-Li
name: Li, Zheng-Da
name: Fan, Jingyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question of whether complex numbers play a fundamental role in quantum theory has been debated since the inception of quantum mechanics. Recently, a feasible proposal to differentiate between real and complex quantum theories based on the technique of testing Bell nonlocalities has emerged [Nature 600, 625-629 (2021)]. Based on this method, the real quantum theory has been falsified experimentally in both photonic and superconducting quantum systems [Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 040402 (2022), Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 040403 (2022)]. The quantum networks with multiple independent sources which are not causally connected have gained significant interest as they offer new perspective on studying the nonlocalities. The independence of these sources imposes additional constraints on observable covariances and leads to new bounds for classical and quantum correlations. In this study, we examine the discrimination between the real and complex quantum theories with an entanglement swapping scenario under a stronger assumption that the two sources are causally independent, which wasn't made in previous works. Using a revised Navascués-Pironio-Acín method and Bayesian optimization, we find a proposal with optimal coefficients of the correlation function which could give a larger discrimination between the real and quantum theories comparing with the existing proposals. This work opens up avenues for further exploration of the discrimination between real and complex quantum theories within intricate quantum networks featuring causally independent parties.
First-principle quantum Monte-Carlo study of charge carrier mobility in organic molecular semiconductors
Creators: name: Ostmeyer, Johann
name: Nematiaram, Tahereh
name: Troisi, Alessandro
name: Buividovich, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first-principle numerical study of charge transport in a realistic two-dimensional tight-binding model of organic molecular semiconductors. We use the Hybrid Monte Carlo (HMC) algorithm to simulate the full quantum dynamics of phonons and either a single or multiple charge carriers without any tunable parameters. We introduce a number of algorithmic improvements, including efficient Metropolis updates for phonon fields based on analytic insights, which lead to negligible autocorrelation times and allow to reach sub-permille precisions at small computational cost of $O(1)$ CPU-hour. Our simulations produce charge mobility estimates that are in good agreement with experiment and that also justify the phenomenological Transient Localisation approach.
description: 6 + 15 pages, 10 figures; v2: published version
Full absorption statistics of diffusing particles with exclusion
Creators: name: Meerson, Baruch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Suppose that an infinite lattice gas of constant density $n_0$, whose dynamics are described by the symmetric simple exclusion process, is brought in contact with a spherical absorber of radius $R$. Employing the macroscopic fluctuation theory and assuming the additivity principle, we evaluate the probability distribution ${\mathcal P}(N)$ that $N$ particles are absorbed during a long time $T$. The limit of $N=0$ corresponds to the survival problem, whereas $N\gg \bar{N}$ describes the opposite extreme. Here $\bar{N}=4πR D_0 n_0 T$ is the \emph{average} number of absorbed particles (in three dimensions), and $D_0$ is the gas diffusivity. For $n_0\ll 1$ the exclusion effects are negligible, and ${\mathcal P}(N)$ can be approximated, for not too large $N$, by the Poisson distribution with mean $\bar{N}$. For finite $n_0$, ${\mathcal P}(N)$ is non-Poissonian. We show that $-\ln{\mathcal P}(N) \simeq n_0 N^2/\bar{N}$ at $N\gg \bar{N}$. At sufficiently large $N$ and $n_0<1/2$ the most likely density profile of the gas, conditional on the absorption of $N$ particles, is non-monotonic in space. We also establish a close connection between this problem and that of statistics of current in finite open systems.
description: 17 one-column pages, 8 figures, slightly revised version
Orientational order and topological defects in a dilute solutions of rodlike polymers at low Reynolds number
Creators: name: Puggioni, Leonardo
name: Musacchio, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relationship between the polymer orientation and the chaotic flow, in a dilute solution of rigid rodlike polymers at low Reynolds number, is investigated by means of direct numerical simulations. It is found that the rods tend to align with the velocity field in order to minimize the friction with the solvent fluid, while regions of rotational disorder are related to strong vorticity gradients, and therefore to the chaotic flow. The "turbulent-like" behavior of the system is therefore associated with the emergence and interaction of topological defects of the mean director field, similarly to active nematic turbulence. The analysis has been carried out in both two and three spatial dimensions.
description: 12 pages, 15 figures
Single- Versus Multi-Payer Universal Healthcare: A Comparative Analysis
Creators: name: Feng, Shi Nan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the right to health. In 2019, the World Health Organization identified achieving universal health coverage as a strategic priority, setting a goal of 1 billion more people benefitting from universal health coverage by 2023.  But despite its public importance and presumption of urgency, creating the “right” model of healthcare has proven to be as exacting to conceive as it is to achieve. Consequently, leveraging ethical theory is critical when thinking about healthcare systems and solutions. To the degree that what is ethically optimal is also practically possible, healthcare systems should wed the normative with the pragmatic. In other words, ethical obligations should be reflected in healthcare systems to the degree that they are both practical and attainable. In this paper, I provide a basis for universal healthcare, compare two prevailing models of universal health coverage, evaluate each model using Canada and Switzerland as case studies, and offer recommendations for the United States based on my review.
Neighborhood Disparities in Incident Hospitalized Myocardial Infarction in Four U.S. Communities: The ARIC Surveillance Study
Creators: name: Wood, Joy L.
name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: Rose, Kathryn M.
name: Foraker, Randi E.
name: Whitsel, Eric A.
name: Suchindran, Chirayath M.
name: Rosamond, Wayne D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Hospital-based surveillance of myocardial infarction (MI) in the United States (US) typically includes age, gender, and race, but not socioeconomic status (SES). We examined the association between neighborhood median household income (nINC) and incident hospitalized MI in four US communities (1993–2002).
Anomalous Proximity Effect and Theoretical Design for its Realization
Creators: name: Ikegaya, Satoshi
name: Asano, Yasuhiro
name: Tanaka, Yukio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the stability of zero-energy states appearing in a dirty normal metal attached to a superconducting thin film with Dresselhaus [110] spin-orbit coupling under the in-plane Zeeman field. The Dresselhaus superconductor preserves an additional chiral symmetry and traps more than one zero-energy state at its edges. All the zero-energy states at an edge belong to the same chirality in large Zeeman field due to the effective $p$-wave pairing symmetry. The pure chiral nature in the wave function enables the penetration of the zero-energy states into the dirty normal metal with keeping their high degree of degeneracy. By applying a theorem, we prove the the perfect Andreev reflection into the dirty normal metal at the zero-energy. This paper gives a microscopic understanding of the anomalous proximity effect.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures embedded. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1410.3626
Rhenium and Iridium Complexes and their Interaction with DNA
Creators: name: Patel, Humaira
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2023

description: The Fletcher group has previously explored the ruthenium complexes of 4,4’-bis(benzoxazole-2-yl)-2,2’-bipyridine (BBOB), 4,4’-bis(benzothiazole-2-yl)-2,2’-bipyridine (BBTB), and 4,4’-bis(benzimidazole-2-yl-2,2’-bipyridine (BBIB) and shown that they typically bind in the minor groove of DNA, rather than intercalate, having a preference for defect sites such as bulges and hairpin loops. We report here the synthesis of a series of related ligands, and their complexation to both rhenium(I) and iridium(III), via reaction with Re(CO)5Br and {Ir(ppy)2(Cl)}2 respectively. These have been characterized through NMR, infrared and UV-Vis absorption and emission spectroscopy, illustrating the effect of conjugation of the extended heterocyclic structure. Despite solubility issues, we will discuss here the photophysical analysis, including circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopic studies, which show that these complexes interact with DNA and highlight a new potential DNA binding mode.
A Reliable Knowledge Processing Framework for Combustion Science using Foundation Models
Creators: name: Sharma, Vansh
name: Raman, Venkat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This research explores the integration of large language models (LLMs) into scientific data assimilation, focusing on combustion science as a case study. Leveraging foundational models integrated with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) framework, the study introduces an approach to process diverse combustion research data, spanning experimental studies, simulations, and literature. The multifaceted nature of combustion research emphasizes the critical role of knowledge processing in navigating and extracting valuable information from a vast and diverse pool of sources. The developed approach minimizes computational and economic expenses while optimizing data privacy and accuracy. It incorporates prompt engineering and offline open-source LLMs, offering user autonomy in selecting base models. The study provides a thorough examination of text segmentation strategies, conducts comparative studies between LLMs, and explores various optimized prompts to demonstrate the effectiveness of the framework. By incorporating an external database, the framework outperforms a conventional LLM in generating accurate responses and constructing robust arguments. Additionally, the study delves into the investigation of optimized prompt templates for the purpose of efficient extraction of scientific literature. The research addresses concerns related to hallucinations and false research articles by introducing a custom workflow developed with a detection algorithm to filter out inaccuracies. Despite identified areas for improvement, the framework consistently delivers accurate domain-specific responses with minimal human oversight. The prompt-agnostic approach introduced holds promise for future deliberations. The study underscores the significance of integrating LLMs and knowledge processing techniques in scientific research, providing a foundation for advancements in data assimilation and utilization.
description: 38 pages and 10 figures; Fixed figure resolution
Cut the lights back on: The effects of income, location, and infrastructure on susceptibility to electric grid disturbances
Creators: name: Berry, Matthew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: Electric utilities--Economic aspects
Electric power failures
Electric utilities
Electric utilities--Law and legislation

description: Power outages result in considerable economic and health damages. Electric utilities face a constrained response when responding to these outages that determines which communities face the brunt of these damages. While the physical constraints that these electric utilities face when restoring service to their customers is well documented in literature and best practices, little has been done to explore the social and economic factors of the power restoration problem. In this paper, I construct a novel parameterization of the electric utility’s cost-minimization power restoration problem, which internalizes the perceived effects of those characteristics. Additionally, I use a new nationwide dataset measuring the duration of electric power outages occurring throughout the US from 2017-2021 to test how a county’s socioeconomic conditions and the presence of grid infrastructure contribute to its likelihood of experiencing service interruptions and the total duration of those interruptions. Results from the preferred two-part model indicate that increasing grid infrastructure would result in greater avoided outage time for low-income counties.
The COVID-19 Pandemic’s Contribution to “The Cult of Domesticity”: An Investigation of Women’s Labor Market Outcomes
Creators: name: Mahajan, Adya
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: The COVID-19 pandemic had various atypical effects on our society: specifically looking at labor markets, women’s unemployment was found to be higher than men’s during the 2020 recession (the opposite trend has occurred in the past). This result has been thought to be attributed to a couple of different reasons such as states mandating policies that restricted the operations of certain industries and businesses such as child care centers. This paper investigates the impact policies related to the closure and class size restrictions of child care centers have had on women’s labor market outcomes at the state level. Using data from January 2019 to December 2021, we utilize baseline regression, triple-difference, and dynamic models to quantify the effects these closures had on women’s labor supply outcomes, specifically employment, labor force participation, the average number of hours worked per week, and weekly earnings. Overall, these models have uncovered that there was a negative effect on many labor supply outcomes for women of working age with children less than five years old—contributing to the age-old theory of “The Cult of Domesticity.”
Relativistic corrections to $Υ$ exclusive decay into double $S-$wave charmonia
Creators: name: Sang, Wen-Long
name: Feng, Feng
name: Chen, Yu-Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of nonrelativisitic QCD factorization formalism, we present the next-to-leading-order relativistic corrections to $Υ$ exclusive decay into $η_c$ plus $J/ψ$. The double charmonia can be produced through several immediate channels, i.e. $Υ\to g^*g^*g^*\to η_c+J/ψ$, $Υ\to g^*g^*γ^*\to η_c+J/ψ$, and $Υ\to γ^*\to η_c+J/ψ$. The amplitudes of these three channels are obtained accurate up to ${\cal O}(α_s^3 v^2)$, ${\cal O}(αα_s^2 v^2)$, and ${\cal O}(αα_s^2 v^2)$ respectively, where $v$ indicates the typical heavy quark velocity in bottomonium and/or charmonium rest frame. The decay rates are also presented. We find the next-to-leading-order relativistic corrections to the short distance coefficients as well as the decay rates are both significant and negative, especially for the corrections from bottomonium. More seriously, the decay rates are even brought into negative by including the relativistic corrections, which indicates the poor convergence for the velocity expansion in this kind of processes. Detailed analysis is given in the paper.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures. v2: added an appendix, corrected some typos
Transmission phase lapse in the non-Hermitian Aharonov-Bohm interferometer near the spectral singularity
Creators: name: Zhang, G.
name: Li, X. Q.
name: Zhang, X. Z.
name: Song, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of PT-symmetric imaginary potentials embedded in the two arms of an Aharonov-Bohm interferometer on the transmission phase by finding an exact solution for a concrete tight-binding system. It is observed that the spectral singularity always occurs at k=${\pm}$π/2 for a wide range of fluxes and imaginary potentials. Critical behavior associated with the physics of the spectral singularity is also investigated. It is demonstrated that the quasi-spectral singularity corresponds to a transmission maximum and the transmission phase jumps abruptly by π when the system is swept through this point. Moreover, We find that there exists a pulse-like phase lapse when the imaginary potential approaches the boundary value of the spectral singularity.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, Accepted by PRA
The Effect of a Physical Activity Intervention on Bias in Self-Reported Activity
Creators: name: Murray, David M.
name: Lytle, Leslie A.
name: Jobe, Jared B.
name: Stevens, June
name: Elder, John P.
name: Webber, Larry S.
name: Taber, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: A positive outcome in self-reported behavior could be detected erroneously if an intervention caused over-reporting of the targeted behavior. Data collected from a multi-site randomized trial were examined to determine if adolescent girls who received a physical activity intervention over-reported their activity more than girls who received no intervention.
Association of Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load With Risk of Incident Coronary Heart Disease Among Whites and African Americans With and Without Type 2 Diabetes: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Creators: name: Boerwinkle, Eric
name: Hardy, Dale S.
name: Steffen, Lyn M.
name: Stevens, June
name: Hoelscher, Deanna M.
name: Pankow, James S.
name: Aragaki, Corinne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: This study examined whether high glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) diets are associated with increased risk of developing CHD in Whites and African Americans with and without type 2 diabetes.
Association of Paternal Age and Risk for Major Congenital Anomalies From the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997 to 2004
Creators: name: Olney, Richard S.
name: Olshan, Andrew F.
name: Green, Ridgely Fisk
name: Shapira, Stuart K.
name: Devine, Owen
name: Archer, Natalie
name: Crider, Krista S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The objective of this study was to examine the associations between paternal age and birth defects of unknown etiologies while carefully controlling for maternal age.
Ultraviolet divergences and factorization for coordinate-space amplitudes
Creators: name: Erdoğan, Ozan
name: Sterman, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the coordinate-space matrix elements that correspond to fixed-angle scattering amplitudes involving partons and Wilson lines in coordinate space, working in Feynman gauge. In coordinate space, both collinear and short-distance limits produce ultraviolet divergences. We classify singularities in coordinate space, and identify neighborhoods associated unambiguously with individual subspaces (pinch surfaces) where the integrals are singular. The set of such regions is finite for any diagram. Within each of these regions, coordinate-space soft-collinear and hard-collinear approximations reproduce singular behavior. Based on this classification of regions and approximations, we develop a series of nested subtraction approximations by analogy to the formalism in momentum space. This enables us to rewrite each amplitude as a sum of terms to which gauge theory Ward identities can be applied, factorizing them into hard, jet and soft factors, and to confirm the multiplicative renormalizability of products of lightlike Wilson lines. We study in some detail the simplest case, the color-singlet cusp linking two Wilson lines, and show that the logarithm of this amplitude, which is a sum of diagrams known as webs, is closely related to the corresponding subtracted amplitude order by order in perturbation theory. This enables us to confirm that the logarithm of the cusp can be written as the integral of an ultraviolet-finite function over a surface. We study to what extent this result generalizes to amplitudes involving multiple Wilson lines.
description: 51 pages, 9 figures, minor editing to correspond to published version
Distributed Multi-Object Tracking Under Limited Field of View Heterogeneous Sensors with Density Clustering
Creators: name: Chen, Fei
name: Van Nguyen, Hoa
name: Leong, Alex S.
name: Panicker, Sabita
name: Baker, Robin
name: Ranasinghe, Damith C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We consider the problem of tracking multiple, unknown, and time-varying numbers of objects using a distributed network of heterogeneous sensors. In an effort to derive a formulation for practical settings, we consider limited and unknown sensor field-of-views (FoVs), sensors with limited local computational resources and communication channel capacity. The resulting distributed multi-object tracking algorithm involves solving an NP-hard multidimensional assignment problem either optimally for small-size problems or sub-optimally for general practical problems. For general problems, we propose an efficient distributed multi-object tracking algorithm that performs track-to-track fusion using a clustering-based analysis of the state space transformed into a density space to mitigate the complexity of the assignment problem. The proposed algorithm can more efficiently group local track estimates for fusion than existing approaches. To ensure we achieve globally consistent identities for tracks across a network of nodes as objects move between FoVs, we develop a graph-based algorithm to achieve label consensus and minimise track segmentation. Numerical experiments with synthetic and real-world trajectory datasets demonstrate that our proposed method is significantly more computationally efficient than state-of-the-art solutions, achieving similar tracking accuracy and bandwidth requirements but with improved label consistency.
description: For data and code see, https://github.com/AdelaideAuto-IDLab/Distributed-limitedFoV-CDPMOT
Wer war Edvard Kocbek?
Creators: name: Košir, Manea
name: Roegele, Otto Bernhard
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 13 Nr. 4 (1984): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 13, Heft 4
Die konziliare Aktivität des Erzbischofs Montini von Mailand im Spiegel der deutschen Presse
Creators: name: Brandmüller, Walter
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 13 Nr. 4 (1984): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 13, Heft 4
Additional file 1: of Linear IgA bullous dermatosis in adults and children: a clinical and immunopathological study of 38 patients
Creators: name: Genovese, Giovanni
name: Venegoni, Luigia
name: Fanoni, Daniele
name: Muratori, Simona
name: Berti, Emilio
name: Marzano, Angelo
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Table S1. Demographic data, clinical features, diagnostic findings, treatments and outcomes of 38 linear IgA bullous dermatosis patients. (DOCX 37 kb)
Underwoodia iuloides
Creators: name: Shelley, Rowland M.
name: Snyder, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Diplopoda
Chordeumatida
Caseyidae
Underwoodia
Underwoodia iuloides

description: Underwoodia iuloides (Harger, 1972)
Published Records. North Dakota: Grand Forks Co., University of North Dakota Biological Area, Forest River Valley near Inster, and Arvilla State Park (Shelley 1993).
New Records. None.
Remarks. In their familial distribution map, Gardner and Shelley (1989, fig. 219) placed two symbols in eastern North Dakota representing U. iuloides, but the genus and species were then unknown at these locations. Gonopodal illustrations are available in Shelley (1993).
description: Published as part of Shelley, Rowland M. & Snyder, Bruce A., 2012, Millipeds from the eastern Dakotas and western Minnesota, USA, with an account of Pseudopolydesmus serratus (Say, 1821) (Polydesmida: Polydesmidae); first published records from six states and the District of Columbia, pp. 1-17 in Insecta Mundi 2012 (239) on page 5, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5174370
Criminal Victimization and Comorbid Substance Use and Psychiatric Disorders in the United States: Results from the NESARC
Creators: name: Perron, Brian E.
name: Vaughn, Michael G.
name: Beaver, Kevin M.
name: Delisi, Matt
name: Fu, Qiang
name: Howard, Matthew O.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Criminal victimization produces enormous personal and societal costs yet few investigations have systematically examined substance use and psychiatric disorders of crime victims. Our objectives were to 1) examine the prevalence and patterns of criminal victimization in the U.S. and 2) their associations with specific substance use disorders, prevalent psychiatric conditions, and violent and non-violent antisocial behaviors in controlled multivariate analyses.
title:  DeLillo, Derrida and the Literature of Money
Creators: name: Wocke, Brendon
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2014

description: In Given Time: Counterfeit Money, Jacques Derrida’s essay on the relationship between time, debt, and the gift, he asks: «Can one tell the story of money?». This article seeks to read Cosmopolis, Don DeLillo’s 2003 novel, as a reply to Derrida’s question regarding the literature of money, taking developments in the contemporary financial economy into account, and exploring the notion of temporal decomposition that the two works share. In considering the «theory of time» present in Given Time: Counterfeit Money and in Cosmopolis we underline the manner in which the latter reflects a particularly incisive understanding of what is at stake in modern financial markets, bringing the question of the relationship between time and money to the fore.
description: KRYPTON – VOL.4 – 2014 – DENARO
Stochastic thermodynamics of Langevin systems under time-delayed feedback control: I. Second-law-like inequalities
Creators: name: Rosinberg, M. L.
name: Munakata, T.
name: Tarjus, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Response lags are generic to almost any physical system and often play a crucial role in the feedback loops present in artificial nanodevices and biological molecular machines. In this paper, we perform a comprehensive study of small stochastic systems governed by an underdamped Langevin equation and driven out of equilibrium by a time-delayed continuous feedback control. In their normal operating regime, these systems settle in a nonequilibrium steady state in which work is permanently extracted from the surrounding heat bath. By using the Fokker-Planck representation of the dynamics, we derive a set of second-law-like inequalities that provide bounds to the rate of extracted work. These inequalities involve additional contributions characterizing the reduction of entropy production due to the continuous measurement process. We also show that the non- Markovian nature of the dynamics requires a modification of the basic relation between dissipation and time-reversal symmetry breaking. The new relation includes a contribution arising from the acausal character of the reverse process. This in turn leads to another second-law-like inequality. We illustrate the general formalism by a detailed analytical and numerical study of a harmonic oscillator driven by a linear feedback, which describes actual experimental setups.
description: 35 pages, 20 figures. A few misprints corrected and cosmetic changes in the figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. E
Politischer Messianismus und Theologie der Befreiung
Creators: name: Vélez Rodríguez, Ricardo
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 13 Nr. 4 (1984): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 13, Heft 4
Exact results on finite size corrections for surface codes tailored to biased noise
Creators: name: Xiao, Yinzi
name: Srivastava, Basudha
name: Granath, Mats
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The code-capacity threshold of a scalable quantum error correcting stabilizer code can be expressed as a thermodynamic phase transition of a corresponding random-bond Ising model. Here we study the XY and XZZX surface codes under phase-biased noise, $p_x=p_y=p_z/(2η)$, with $η\geq 1/2$, and total error rate $p=p_x+p_y+p_z$. By appropriately formulating the boundary conditions, in the rotated code geometry, we find exact solutions at a special disordered point, $p=\frac{1+η^{-1}}{2+η^{-1}}\gtrsim 0.5$, for arbitrary odd code distance $d$, where the codes reduce to one-dimensional Ising models. The total logical failure rate is given by $P_{f}=\frac{3}{4}-\frac{1}{4}e^{-2d_Z\,\text{artanh}(1/2η)}$, where $d_{Z}=d^2$ and $d$ for the two codes respectively, is the effective code distance for pure phase-flip noise. As a consequence, for code distances $d\ll η$, and error rates near the threshold, the XZZX code is effectively equivalent to the phase-flip correcting repetition code over $d$ qubits. The large finite size corrections for $d_Z<η$ also make threshold extractions, from numerical calculations at moderate code distances, unreliable. We show that calculating thresholds based not only on the total logical failure rate, but also independently on the phase- and bit-flip logical failure rates, gives a more confident estimate. Using this method for the XZZX code with a tensor-network based decoder and code distances up to $d\approx 100$, we find that the thresholds converge to a single value at moderate bias ($η=30, 100$), at an error rate above the hashing bound.
description: 26 pages, 16 figures
The Determinants of Sovereign Bond Yield Spreads in the European Debt Market: Discounting the Fixation on Country Fundamentals
Creators: name: Carney, Nicholas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: There have been significant fluctuations in the relative yields of European sovereign debt 
in the 2001-2022 period. During the period preceding the Sovereign Debt Crisis, yields on 
sovereign bonds in most European countries were moving very close together, with the Eurozone 
countries achieving almost perfect convergence. At the onset of the Sovereign Debt Crisis, there 
was a significant divergence in sovereign bond yields, and reconvergence to the pre-crisis level 
has not since been achieved. Variations in yield spreads lead to tightening economic conditions 
and ineffective transmission of monetary policy for Eurozone countries. In this paper, I 
investigate the drivers of the yield spread, and the implications my results have for effective 
policymaking to mitigate the spread. I find that VIX, the surplus as a percentage of GDP, and 
real GDP growth are the primary drivers of the yield spread. Additionally, the sensitivity of the 
yield spread to various risk indicators changes in response to crisis periods, and yield spreads for 
countries with a relatively low real GDP per capita are more sensitive to shifts in international 
financial risk. These findings reveal the shortcomings of the fiscal policy that had been 
implemented during the Sovereign Debt Crisis that focused heavily on improving fundamentals,
given the importance of international risk aversion and economic growth in driving the spreads.
Boundary scattering of phonons: specularity of a randomly rough surface in the small perturbation limit
Creators: name: Maznev, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scattering of normally incident longitudinal and transverse acoustic waves by a randomly rough surface of an elastically isotropic solid is analyzed within the small perturbation approach. In the limiting case of a large correlation length $L$ compared with the acoustic wavelength, the specularity reduction is given by $4η^2k^2$, where $η$ is the RMS roughness and $k$ is the acoustic wavevector, which is in agreement with the well-known Kirchhoff approximation result often referred to as Ziman's equation [J. M. Ziman, Electrons and Phonons (Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1960)]. In the opposite limiting case of a small correlation length, the specularity reduction is found to be proportional to $η^2k^4L^2$, with the fourth power dependence on frequency as in Rayleigh scattering. Numerical calculations for a Gaussian autocorrelation function of surface roughness connect these limiting cases and reveal a maximum of diffuse scattering at an intermediate value of $L$. This maximum becomes increasingly pronounced for the incident longitudinal wave as the Poisson's ratio of the medium approaches 1/2 as a result of increased scattering into transverse and Rayleigh surface waves. The results indicate that thermal transport models using Ziman's formula are likely to overestimate the heat flux dissipation due to boundary scattering, whereas modeling interface roughness as atomic disorder is likely to underestimate scattering.
Price Dynamics in Live Event Ticket Sales: Evidence from College Football Resale Markets
Creators: name: Heymann, Mark
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Tickets to live events, such as sporting events, are commonly resold on the secondary market up until the date of the event, with prices determined by the time of sale and the quality of the seat. Simple dynamic pricing models predict that prices for homogeneous seats decrease as the date of the event approaches, and previous research has tested these predictions in various live event settings. In this paper, I use novel data on secondary market college football ticket transactions to test the application of dynamic pricing models to this market. Unlike other live events, college football ticket prices are also strongly influenced by the information known about the game at the time of sale. In estimating the price path in this market, I measure the role of information changes on ticket prices. I find that after controlling for expected game quality, college football ticket prices do tend to decrease over time. However, a ticket to a higher quality game commands a higher price, meaning that when expected game quality increases over a portion of the ticket sales horizon, prices may instead increase during this portion of the sales horizon.