cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A New Mixed Integer Linear Programming Formulation for Protection Relay Coordination Using Disjunctive Inequalities
Creators: S. T. P. Srinivas
K. Shanti Swarup
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2019

PES Open Access Paper
Numerical optimization-based solution to directional overcurrent relay (DOCR) coordination problem has been a widely addressed research problem in the recent past. Many linear (LP), nonlinear (NLP), mixed integer nonlinear (MINLP), mixed integer linear (MILP), and quadratically constrained quadratic programming (QCQP)-based formulations have been presented in the past literature. This paper proposes a new MILP-based formulation using disjunctive inequalities. The nonlinear DOCR protection coordination model is formulated as MILP by linearizing the bilinear terms existing in the original formulation. One of the variables in each bilinear term is discretized over its interval into a ?xed number of steps. After assigning binary variables to each discrete interval, the resulting bilinear terms with binary variables are written in terms of disjunctive inequalities. The results have shown that the proposed MILP formulation fetch better optimal solutions compared with past MILP and MINLP formulations. The MILP problem is programmed in GAMS package with CPLEX solver and tested on standard 3 bus, 9 bus, 15 bus, and 30 bus systems and results are found to be satisfactory.
Factors influencing parental compliance with the preschool children’s immunization schedule
Creators: name: Symonds, Barbara Dianne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The control of communicable diseases in children is an important public health role. With the availability of effective vaccines, the conquest of many childhood diseases is possible. However, the success of the present immunization programs rests ultimately with the parents, who are responsible for ensuring that their children's immunization status is complete. Many factors can influence this parental compliance. The parents of kindergarten students in two suburban communities completed a questionnaire on immunizations and family characteristics. The questionnaire was constructed using items submitted from a panel of public health nurses and from the literature. A pretest was conducted.. The total' number of questionnaires returned by the deadline was 376. Data on preschool children's immunization status were also collected from health unit records. Analyses of the data included frequency distributions, contingency table analyses, factor analysis, and discriminant analysis. The major findings of the study were: 1. There was a difference between preschool children's recorded immunization status according to health unit statistics and the national standard. 2. There was a discrepancy between preschool children's immunization status as reported by parents and as recorded in health unit statistics. There was not a significant relationship between parental education level, family mobility, family socio-economic level, family composition, or parental knowledge of immunizations and preschool children's reported immunization status. 4. There was a significant relationship between a positive parental attitude toward immunization and completed preschool children's reported immunization status. 5. There was a significant relationship amongst the variables. High family mobility, a low educational level for the father, an incomplete parental immunization status, and a feeling of lack of knowledge about immunizations were discriminatory for a reported incomplete immunization status. As well mobility, education-income, family composition and attitude best accounted for the relationship amongst the variables on factor analysis Implications for nursing practise are discussed and recommendations for further research are suggested.
Preheating and Reheating Constraints in Supersymmetric Braneworld Inflation
Creators: name: Bourakadi, K. El
name: Bousder, M.
name: Sakhi, Z.
name: Bennai, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of the Universe at early stages, we discuss also preheating in the framework of hybrid braneworld inflation by setting conditions on the coupling constants $λ$ and $g$\ for effective production of $χ$-particles. Considering the phase between the time observable CMB scales crossed the horizon and the present time, we write reheating and preheating parameters $N_{re}$, $T_{re}$ and $N_{pre}$ in terms of the scalar spectral index $n_{s}$, and prove that, unlike the reheating case, the preheating duration does not depend on the values of the equation of state $ω^{\ast }$. We apply the slow-roll approximation in the high energy limit to constrain the parameters of D-term hybrid potential. We show also that some inflationary parameters, in particular, the spectral index $n_{s}$ demand that the potential parameter $α$ is bounded as $α\geq 1$ to be consistent with $Planck$'s data, while the ratio $r$ is in agreement with observation for $ α\leq 1 $ considering high inflationary e-folds. We also propose an investigation of the brane tension effect on the reheating temperature. Comparing our results to recent CMB measurements, we study preheating and reheating parameters $N_{re}$, $T_{re}$ and $N_{pre}$ in the Hybrid D-term inflation model in the range $0.8\leq α\leq 1.1$\, and conclude that $T_{re}$ and $N_{re}$ require $α\leq 1$, while for $N_{pre}$ the condition $α\leq 0.9$ must be satisfied, to be compatible with $Planck$'s results.
A Low-Loss Thyristor-Based Hybrid Three-Level and Modular Multilevel Converter With DC Fault Blocking Capability for HVDC Transmission
Creators: Levi M. Bieber
Liwei Wang
and Wei Li
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2020

This paper proposes a thyristor-based hybrid three-level converter equipped with an AC-side full-bridge submodule chain-link for voltage-source converter high voltage direct current applications.
This paper proposes a thyristor-based hybrid three-level converter (TH3LC) equipped with an AC-side full-bridge submodule chain-link (FBCL) for voltage-source converter (VSC) high voltage direct current (HVDC) applications. The TH3LC uses thyristor-based director switches (DSs) to conduct the bulk of transferred power while the AC-FBCL enables a multilevel voltage output. Third-order harmonic voltage injection is used by the AC-FBCL to limit its total blocking voltage to less than or equal to a quarter of the DC-side voltage, reducing the converter footprint, semiconductor count, and losses. The DSs of the TH3LC are force-commutated by an additional neutral-point-connected, low capacitance commutation FBCL (C-FBCL). The C-FBCL enables a stepped-trapezoidal voltage at the output of the three-level converter for straight-forward synchronization with the AC-FBCL and zero-voltage switching for the DSs. Case studies show that the TH3LC provides similar converter efficiency to the half-bridge MMC (HB-MMC) while possessing DC fault blocking capability and a smaller footprint due to a reduced number of submodules.
Disk Dominated States of 4U 1957+11: Chandra, XMM, and RXTE Observations of Ostensibly the Most Rapidly Spinning Galactic Black Hole
Creators: name: Nowak, Michael A.
name: Juett, Adrienne
name: Homan, Jeroen
name: Yao, Yangsen
name: Wilms, Joern
name: Schulz, Norbert S.
name: Canizares, Claude R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present simultaneous Chandra-HETG and RXTE observations of a moderate flux `soft state' of the black hole candidate 4U1957+11. These spectra, having a minimally discernible hard X-ray excess, are an excellent test of modern disk atmosphere models that include the effects of black hole spin. The HETG data show that the soft disk spectrum is only very mildly absorbed with N_H =1-2 X 10^{21} cm^-2. These data additionally reveal 13.449 A NeIX absorption consistent with the warm/hot phase of the interstellar medium. The fitted disk model implies a highly inclined disk around a low mass black hole rapidly rotating with normalized spin a*~1. We show, however, that pure Schwarzschild black hole models describe the data extremely well, albeit with large disk atmosphere ``color-correction'' factors. Standard color-correction factors can be attained if one additionally incorporates mild Comptonization. We find that the Chandra observations do not uniquely determine spin. Similarly, XMM/RXTE observations, taken only six weeks later, are equally unconstraining. This lack of constraint is partly driven by the unknown mass and unknown distance of 4U1957+11; however, it is also driven by the limited bandpass of Chandra and XMM. We therefore present a series of 48 RXTE observations taken over the span of several years and at different brightness/hardness levels. These data prefer a spin of a*~1, even when including a mild Comptonization component; however, they also show evolution of the disk atmosphere color-correction factors. If the rapid spin models with standard atmosphere color-correction factors of h_d=1.7 are to be believed, then the RXTE observations predict that 4U1957+11 can range from a 3 M_sun black hole at 10 kpc with a*~0.83 to a 16 M_sun black hole at 22 kpc with a* ~ 1, with the latter being statistically preferred.
description: 16 pages (emulateapj style). Accepted for Publication in the Astrophysical Journal
A Machine Learning Approach for Delineating Similar Sound Symptoms of Respiratory Conditions on a Smartphone
Creators: name: Uwaoma, Chinazunwa
name: Mansingh, Gunjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Clinical characterization and interpretation of respiratory sound symptoms have remained a challenge due to the similarities in the audio properties that manifest during auscultation in medical diagnosis. The misinterpretation and conflation of these sounds coupled with the comorbidity cases of the associated ailments particularly, exercised-induced respiratory conditions; result in the under-diagnosis and under-treatment of the conditions. Though several studies have proposed computerized systems for objective classification and evaluation of these sounds, most of the algorithms run on desktop and backend systems. In this study, we leverage the improved computational and storage capabilities of modern smartphones to distinguish the respiratory sound symptoms using machine learning algorithms namely: Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and k-Nearest Neighbour (k-NN). The appreciable performance of these classifiers on a mobile phone shows smartphone as an alternate tool for recognition and discrimination of respiratory symptoms in real-time scenarios. Further, the objective clinical data provided by the machine learning process could aid physicians in the screening and treatment of a patient during ambulatory care where specialized medical devices may not be readily available.
Volume 4: Issue 3: Electrified Railways; Empowering the Mobility
Creators: Various
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2016

Volume 4: Issue 3: Electrified Railways; Empowering the Mobility
In this issue of IEEE Electrification Magazine, five articles describe different aspects of railway electrification to provide an update on current railway technology. Various disciplines of electrical engineering (e.g., electromagnetic compatibility, energy efficiency, and corrosion protection, among others) are discussed.
Holographic Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy and the quantum Lyapunov spectrum
Creators: name: Maier, Georg
name: Schäfer, Andreas
name: Waeber, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In classical chaotic systems the entropy, averaged over initial phase space distributions, follows an universal behavior. While approaching thermal equilibrium it passes through a stage where it grows linearly, while the growth rate, the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy, is given by the sum over all positive Lyapunov exponents. A natural question is whether a similar relation is valid for quantum systems. We argue that the Maldacena-Shenker-Stanford bound on quantum Lyapunov exponents $λ$ implies that the upper bound on the growth rate of the entropy, averaged over states in Hilbert space that evolve towards a thermal state with temperature $T$ and entropy $S_{eq}$, should be given by $S_{eq} πT =\sum_{λ>0}2 πT$. Strongly coupled, large $N$ theories with black hole duals should saturate the bound. By studying a large number of isotropization processes of random, spatially homogeneous, far from equilibrium initial states in large $N$, $\mathcal{N}=4$ Super Yang Mills theory at strong coupling and computing the ensemble averaged growth rate of the dual black hole's apparent horizon area, we find both an analogous behavior as in classical chaotic systems and numerical evidence that the conjectured bound on averaged entropy growth is saturated granted that the Lyapunov exponents are degenerate $λ= \pm 2 πT$. This fits to the behavior of classical systems with plus/minus symmetric Lyapunov spectra, a symmetry which implies the validity of Liouville's theorem.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
InAs Nanowire MOS Capacitors
Creators: name: Roddaro, Stefano
name: Nilsson, Kristian
name: Astromskas, Gvidas
name: Samuelson, Lars
name: Wernersson, Lars-Erik
name: Karlstrom, Ovol
name: Wacker, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a capacitance-voltage study for arrays of vertical InAs nanowires. MOS capacitors are obtained by insulating the nanowires with a conformal 10nm HfO2 layer and using a top Cr/Au metallization as one of the capacitor's electrodes. The described fabrication and characterization technique enables a systematic investigation of the carrier density in the nanowires as well as of the quality of the MOS interface.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Thévenin Equivalent Circuits for Modeling Common-Mode Behavior in Power Electronic Systems
Creators: Timothy J. Donnelly
Steven D. Pekarek
Drummond R. Fudge
and Nyah Zarate
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2020

Modeling the common-mode behavior of power electronic systems can be a challenge. This research aims to simplify the process by developing a modeling approach based on Thévenin common-mode equivalent circuits.
Modeling the common-mode behavior of power electronic systems can be a challenge. This research aims to simplify the process by developing a modeling approach based on Thévenin common-mode equivalent circuits. The Thévenin common-mode equivalent circuits prove to be both straightforward to construct and reliable in predicting worst-case common-mode behavior. In this paper, a theoretical understanding of the Thévenin-based modeling approach is first provided. Subsequently, methods to characterize the Thévenin parameters are established. The modeling approach is then validated experimentally on a dc micro-grid.
Smart Distributed Generation Systems Using Artificial Neural Network-Based Event Classification
Creators: RAMI J. HADDAD and YOUAKIM KALAANI
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2018

PES Open Access Paper
Distributed generation (DG) sources have become an integral part of today's decentralized power systems. However, current DG systems are mostly passive and do not provide intelligent information to help detect power quality issues. In this paper, a novel and intelligent event classi cation scheme is proposed to provide the DG systems with real-time decision making capabilities. The proposed technique has the ability to provide information to help maintain the quality and reliability of the DG systems under various disturbances or operating conditions. This event classi cation technique was developed using arti cial neural networks (ANNs) with a pre-de ned set of local input parameters. The algorithm is implemented using four parallel ANNs that were designed to operate under a majority vote fusion algorithm representing the  nal classi cation output. A total of 310 event cases were generated to test the performance of the proposed technique. Simulation results showed that events were accurately classi ed within 10 cycles of their occurrences while achieving a 96.21% average classi cation accuracy.
Electrification Magazine - Volume 8: Issue 1: Digitization and Information Sharing
Creators: Various
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2020

In this issue of IEEE Electrification Magazine, we present six articles that focus on different aspects of electrification wherein the key factors are digitization and the exchange of information among components and subsystems. Even though the field of application in each case is different, the relevance of the exchange of information is the same.
In this special issue of IEEE Electrification Magazine, we present six articles that focus on different aspects of electrification wherein the key factors are digitization and the exchange of information among components and subsystems. Even though the field of application in each case is different, the relevance of the exchange of information is the same. In addition, this issue includes two columns that focus on the digital transition that is taking place in the railway sector.
Software-Defined Microgrid Control: The Genesis of Decoupled Cyber-Physical Microgrids
Creators: Lizhi Wang
Yanyuan Qin
Zefan Tang
and Peng Zhang
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2020

A software-defined control architecture for microgrid is devised, which virtualizes traditionally hardware-dependent microgrid control functions as software services decoupled from the underlying hardware infrastructure, fully resolving hardware dependence issues and enabling unprecedentedly low costs.
Nowadays, microgrid controllers are often embedded in specialized hardware such as PLC and DSP. The hardware-dependency and fit-and-forget design make it difficult and costly for microgrid controllers to evolve and upgrade under frequent changes such as plug-and-play of microgrid components. Furthermore, different distributed energy resources in a microgrid require customized controllers, leading to long development cycles and high operational costs for deploying microgrid services. To tackle the challenges, a software-defined control (SDC) architecture for microgrid is devised, which virtualizes traditionally hardware-dependent microgrid control functions as software services decoupled from the underlying hardware infrastructure, fully resolving hardware dependence issues and enabling unprecedentedly low costs. A generic SDC prototype is designed to generate microgrid controllers autonomously in edge computing facilities such as distributed virtual machines. Extensive experiments verify that SDC outperforms traditional hardware-based microgrid control in that it empowers a decoupled cyber-physical microgrid and thus makes microgrid operations unprecedentedly affordable, autonomic, and secure.
Spork: Structured Merge for Java with Formatting Preservation
Creators: name: Larsén, Simon
name: Falleri, Jean-Rémy
name: Baudry, Benoit
name: Monperrus, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.7

description: The highly parallel workflows of modern software development have made merging of source code a common activity for developers. The state of the practice is based on line-based merge, which is ubiquitously used with "git merge". Line-based merge is however a generalized technique for any text that cannot leverage the structured nature of source code, making merge conflicts a common occurrence. As a remedy, research has proposed structured merge tools, which typically operate on abstract syntax trees instead of raw text. Structured merging greatly reduces the prevalence of merge conflicts but suffers from important limitations, the main ones being a tendency to alter the formatting of the merged code and being prone to excessive running times. In this paper, we present SPORK, a novel structured merge tool for JAVA. SPORK is unique as it preserves formatting to a significantly greater degree than comparable state-of-the-art tools. SPORK is also overall faster than the state of the art, in particular significantly reducing worst-case running times in practice. We demonstrate these properties by replaying 1740 real-world file merges collected from 119 open-source projects, and further demonstrate several key differences between SPORK and the state of the art with in-depth case studies.
description: 21 pages, 18 figures, 11 tables, accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
YASHIL SUVO'TLAR (CHLOROPHYTA) BO'LIMI TAVSIFI, TUZLISHI, SISTEMATIKASI, TARQALISHI VA AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Ozodbekov, Abduqodir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqolada yashil suvoʻtlar boʻlimi hamda ularning tuzilishi va koʻpayish usullari, hujayrasining tuzilishi haqida ma’lumot beriladi.
Quantum Violation of Bell's Inequality: a misunderstanding based on a mathematical error of neglect
Creators: name: Lad, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fabled violation of Bell's inequality by the probabilistic specifications of quantum mechanics is shown to derive from a mathematical error. The inequality, designed to assess consequences of Einstein's principle of local realism, pertains to four polarization products on the same pair of photons arising in a gedankenexperiment. The summands of the CHSH quantity $s(λ)$ inhere four symmetric functional relations which have long been neglected in analytic considerations. Its expectation $E[s(λ)]$ is not the sum of four ``marginal'' expectations from a joint distribution, as quantum theory explicitly avoids such a specification. Rather, $E[s(λ)]$ has four distinct representations as the sum of three expectations of polarization products plus the expectation of a fourth which is restricted to equal a function value determined by the other three. Analysis using Bruno de Finetti's fundamental theorem of prevision (FTP) yields only a bound for $E(s)$ within $(1.1213, 2]$, surely not $2\sqrt{2}$ at all. The 4-D polytope of cohering joint $P_{++}$ probabilities at the four stipulated angle settings are displayed as passing through 3-D space. Aspect's ``estimation'' is based on polarization products from different photon pairs that do not have embedded within them the inhering functional relations. When you do actively embed the restrictions into Aspect's estimation procedure, it yields an estimate of 1.7667, although this is not and cannot be definitive.
description: 27 pages, 3 Figures
Chemical evolution with radial mixing
Creators: name: Schoenrich, Ralph
name: Binney, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models of the chemical evolution of our Galaxy are extended to include radial migration of stars and flow of gas through the disc. The models track the production of both iron and alpha elements. A model is chosen that provides an excellent fit to the metallicity distribution of stars in the Geneva-Copenhagen survey (GCS) of the solar neighbourhood, and a good fit to the local Hess diagram. The model provides a good fit to the distribution of GCS stars in the age-metallicity plane although this plane was not used in the fitting process. Although this model's star-formation rate is monotonic declining, its disc naturally splits into an alpha-enhanced thick disc and a normal thin disc. In particular the model's distribution of stars in the ([O/Fe],[Fe/H]) plane resembles that of Galactic stars in displaying a ridge line for each disc. The thin-disc's ridge line is entirely due to stellar migration and there is the characteristic variation of stellar angular momentum along it that has been noted by Haywood in survey data. Radial mixing of stellar populations with high sigma_z from inner regions of the disc to the solar neighbourhood provides a natural explanation of why measurements yield a steeper increase of sigma_z with age than predicted by theory. The metallicity gradient in the ISM is predicted to be steeper than in earlier models, but appears to be in good agreement with data for both our Galaxy and external galaxies. The models are inconsistent with a cutoff in the star-formation rate at low gas surface densities. The absolute magnitude of the disc is given as a function of time in several photometric bands, and radial colour profiles are plotted for representative times.
description: 22 pages, 21 figures, 1 table updated to new GCS data release, slightly revised, accepted by MNRAS
X-ray emission from BH+O star binaries expected to descend from the observed galactic WR+O binaries
Creators: name: Sen, K.
name: Xu, X. -T.
name: Langer, N.
name: Mellah, I. El
name: Schurmann, C.
name: Quast, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Milky Way, $\sim$18 Wolf-Rayet+O (WR+O) binaries are known with estimates of their stellar and orbital parameters. Whereas black hole+O (BH+O) binaries are thought to evolve from the former, only one such system is known in the Milky Way. To resolve this disparity, it was suggested that upon core collapse, the WR stars receive large kicks such that most of the binaries are disrupted. We reassess this issue, with emphasis on the uncertainty in the formation of an accretion disk around wind-accreting BHs in BH+O binaries, which is key to identifying such systems. We follow the methodology of previous work and apply an improved analytic criterion for the formation of an accretion disk around wind accreting BHs. We then use stellar models to predict the properties of the BH+O binaries which are expected to descend from the observed WR+O binaries, if the WR stars would form BHs without a natal kick. We find that disk formation depends sensitively on the O stars' wind velocity, the specific angular momentum carried by the wind, the efficiency of angular momentum accretion by the BH, and the spin of the BH. We show that the assumption of a low wind velocity may lead to predicting that most of the BH+O star binaries will have an extended X-ray bright period. However, this is not the case when typical wind velocities of O stars are considered. We find that a high spin of the BH can boost the duration of the X-ray active phase as well as the X-ray brightness during this phase, producing a strong bias for detecting high mass BH binaries in X-rays with high BH spin parameters. We conclude that large BH formation kicks are not required to understand the sparsity of X-ray bright BH+O stars in the Milky Way. Probing for a population of X-ray silent BH+O systems with alternative methods can inform us about BH kicks and the conditions for high energy emission from high mass BH binaries. (Abridged)
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Probing unparticle theory via lepton flavor violating process $J/ψ\to ll'$ at BESIII
Creators: name: Wei, Zheng-Tao
name: Xu, Ye
name: Li, Xue-Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lepton flavor violating process $J/ψ\to ll' (l\neq l')$ serves as an ideal place to probe the unparticle theory. Such process can only occur at loop level in the Standard model (SM), so that should be very suppressed, by contrast in unparticle scenario, it happens at tree level and its contribution may be sizable for practical measurement. Moreover, the BESIII will offer the largest database on $J/ψ$ which makes more accurate measurements possible. Furthermore, for such purely leptonic decays background is relatively low and signal would be cleaner. Our work carefully investigates the possibility of observing such processes from both theoretical and experimental aspects.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, revised version for publication
Quantifying Performance of Distribution System State Estimators in Supporting Advanced Applications
Creators: Jens Schoene
Muhammad Humayun
Brenden Russell
Gary Sun
Josh Bui
Armando Salazar
Noah Badayos
Minqi Zhong
Moein Lak
and Christopher R. Clarke
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2020

We developed a stochastic method that informs telemetry and operational forecasting requirements by quantifying the DSSE performance in supporting advanced applications.
A common challenge forward-looking utilities are facing when deploying advanced applications that facilitate voltage optimization and service restoration is to provide adequate sensor data for a Distribution System State Estimator (DSSE) so that it provides sufficiently accurate estimates of the system states to enable these applications in an operational environment. We developed a stochastic method that informs telemetry and operational forecasting requirements by quantifying the DSSE performance in supporting advanced applications. The performance metric used is the ? risk, which is the likelihood of a DSSE giving a false positive when determining if voltage and loading constraints are met. We applied this method to six real-world industrial/commercial/residential distribution circuits and evaluated ? risk improvements provided by circuit-level sensors and operational forecasting. The results show that a combination of sensor deployment schemes was needed to reduce the ? risk for undervoltage to effectively zero. Also, sensors deployed at large loads significantly reduce ? risks on industrial/commercial circuits while operational forecasting consistently reduces ? risks on all circuits. The practical method does not require advanced mathematics and can be readily used by utilities to inform grid modernization investments in sensor technologies so that advanced applications can be executed optimally and violation-free.
Control of a PMSG Wind-Turbine Under Asymmetrical Voltage Sags Using Sliding Mode Approach
Creators: Devbratta Thakur and Jin Jiang
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2018

PES Open Access Paper
The control and operation of a grid-connected wind-turbine with a permanent magnet syn-chronous generator have been investigated under asymmetrical voltage sags at the grid side. To deal with such conditions, a fast-acting control scheme is needed. It is shown in this paper that a sliding mode control can meet the challenge. In the proposed control scheme, the dc link voltage, and active/reactive powers are decoupled ?rst so that the asymmetrical voltage sag issues can be dealt with independently. To minimize additional stress in?icted by the asymmetrical voltage sag on the power electronic converters, a feed-forward negative sequence voltage is used in the vector current control strategy. Using the developed control scheme, the wind power generation system can remain on-line to support the grid even during the asymmetrical voltage sags. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme has been validated by extensive simulations as well as through real-time hardware based experiments on a physical wind-turbine test platform.
Knowledge Patterns for the Web: extraction, tranformation and reuse
Creators: name: Nuzzolese, Andrea Giovanni <1983>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: INF/01 Informatica

description: This thesis aims at investigating methods and software architectures for discovering what are the typical and frequently occurring structures used for organizing knowledge in the Web. We identify these structures as Knowledge Patterns (KPs). KP discovery needs to address two main research problems: the heterogeneity of sources, formats and semantics in the Web (i.e., the knowledge soup problem) and the difficulty to draw relevant boundary around data that allows to capture the meaningful knowledge with respect to a certain context (i.e., the knowledge boundary problem). Hence, we introduce two methods that provide different solutions to these two problems by tackling KP discovery from two different perspectives: (i) the
transformation of KP-like artifacts to KPs formalized as OWL2 ontologies; (ii) the bottom-up extraction of KPs by analyzing how data are organized in Linked Data. The two methods address the knowledge soup and boundary problems in different ways. The first method provides a solution to the two aforementioned problems that is based on a purely syntactic transformation step
of the original source to RDF followed by a refactoring step whose aim is to add semantics to RDF by select meaningful RDF triples. The second method allows to draw boundaries around RDF in Linked Data by analyzing type paths. A type path is a possible route through an RDF that takes into account the types associated to the nodes of a path. 
Then we present K~ore, a software architecture conceived to be the basis for developing KP discovery systems and designed according to two software architectural styles, i.e, the Component-based and REST. 
Finally we provide an example of reuse of KP based on Aemoo, an exploratory search tool which exploits KPs for performing entity summarization.
Widespread Occurrence of High-Velocity Upflows in Solar Active Regions
Creators: name: Yardley, S. L.
name: Brooks, D. H.
name: Baker, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed a systematic study of 12 active regions (ARs) with a broad range of areas, magnetic flux and associated solar activity in order to determine whether there are upflows present at the AR boundaries and if these upflows exist, whether there is a high speed asymmetric blue wing component present in the upflows. To identify the presence and locations of the AR upflows we derive relative Doppler velocity maps by fitting a Gaussian function to {\it Hinode}/EIS Fe XII 192.394\,Å line profiles. To determine whether there is a high speed asymmetric component present in the AR upflows we fit a double Gaussian function to the Fe XII 192.394\,Å mean spectrum that is computed in a region of interest situated in the AR upflows. Upflows are observed at both the east and west boundaries of all ARs in our sample with average upflow velocities ranging between -5 to -26~km s$^{-1}$. A blue wing asymmetry is present in every line profile. The intensity ratio between the minor high speed asymmetric Gaussian component compared to the main component is relatively small for the majority of regions however, in a minority of cases (8/30) the ratios are large and range between 20 to 56~\%. These results suggest that upflows and the high speed asymmetric blue wing component are a common feature of all ARs.
description: Accepted in A&A, 5 pages, 3 figures
The Brown Dwarf Kinematics Project (BDKP) I. Proper Motions and Tangential Velocities for a Large Sample of Late-type M, L and T Dwarfs
Creators: name: Faherty, Jacqueline K.
name: Burgasser, Adam J.
name: Cruz, Kelle L.
name: Shara, Michael M.
name: Walter, Frederick M.
name: Gelino, Christopher R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report proper motion measurements for 427 late-type M, L and T dwarfs, 332 of which have been measured for the first time. Combining these new proper motions with previously published measurements yields a sample of 841 M7-T8 dwarfs. We combined parallax measurements or calculated spectrophotometric distances and computed tangential velocities for the entire sample. We find that kinematics for the full and volume-limited 20 pc samples are consistent with those expected for the Galactic thin disk, with no significant differences between late-type M, L, and T dwarfs. Applying an age-velocity relation we conclude that the average kinematic age of the 20 pc sample of ultracool dwarfs is older than recent kinematic estimates and more consistent with age results calculated with population synthesis models. There is a statistically distinct population of high tangential velocity sources whose kinematics suggest an even older population of ultracool dwarfs belonging to either the Galactic thick disk or halo. We isolate subsets of the entire sample, including low surface-gravity dwarfs, unusually blue L dwarfs, and photometric outliers in J-Ks color and investigate their kinematics. We find that the spectroscopically distinct class of unusually blue L dwarfs has kinematics clearly consistent with old age, implying that high surface-gravity and/or low metallicity may be relevant to their spectral properties. The low surface-gravity dwarfs are kinematically younger than the overall population, and the kinematics of the red and blue ultracool dwarfs suggest ages that are younger and older than the full sample, respectively. We also present a reduced proper motion diagram at 2MASS Ks for the entire population and find that a limit of H_Ks > 18 excludes M dwarfs from the L and T dwarf population regardless of near-infrared color.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal, 21 pages text, 12 tables, 12 figures
The effect of two-dimensional squat elements
on the seismic behavior of building structures
La risposta sismica di elementi portanti bidimensionali
Creators: name: Palermo, Michele <1985>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: ICAR/09 Tecnica delle costruzioni

description: This thesis reports a study on the seismic response of two-dimensional squat elements and their effect on the behavior of building structures. Part A is devoted to the study of unreinforced masonry infills, while part B is focused on reinforced concrete sandwich walls.
Part A begins with a comprehensive review of modelling techniques and code provisions for infilled frame structures. Then state-of-the practice techniques are applied for a real case to test the ability of actual modeling techniques to reproduce observed behaviors. The first developments towards a seismic-resistant masonry infill system are presented. Preliminary design recommendations for the seismic design of the seismic-resistant masonry infill are finally provided.
Part B is focused on the seismic behavior of a specific reinforced concrete sandwich panel system. First, the results of in-plane psuudostatic cyclic tests are described. Refinements to the conventional modified compression field theory are introduced in order to better simulate the monotonic envelope of the cyclic response. The refinements deal with the constitutive model for the shotcrete in tension and the embedded bars. Then the hysteretic response of the panels is studied according to a continuum damage model. Damage state limits are identified. Design recommendations for the seismic design of the studied reinforced concrete sandwich walls are finally provided.
Modeling Minimally-Processed Shielded Metal Arc Weld Transformers for Rural Minigrid Applications
Creators: J. Cale
C. Lute
J. Simon
A. Delcore
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2019

PES Open Access Paper
This paper describes a detailed nonlinear electromagnetic model for predicting current in transformers commonly used to supply electrical power in rural arc welding applications. Current-limiting in these welders during quenched arcs is achieved using a gap-less core design, resulting in high-magnetizing impedance but also a significant degree of magnetic saturation. To accurately predict transformer currents during arc welding, the proposed model includes nonlinear magnetization effects. Parameter identification of the magnetic properties of the transformer core is performed using a population-based search algorithm using open-circuit transformer measurements. The model is validated using measurements on an experimental transformer during live arc weld testing.
Polarisation of the omega meson in the pd-->3He+omega reaction at 1360 and 1450 MeV
Creators: name: Schonning, K.
name: Bargholtz, Chr.
name: Bashkanov, M.
name: Berlowski, M.
name: Bogoslawsky, D.
name: Calen, H.
name: Clement, H.
name: Demirors, L.
name: Ekstrom, C.
name: Fransson, K.
name: Geren, L.
name: Gustafsson, L.
name: Hoistad, B.
name: Ivanov, G.
name: Jacewicz, M.
name: Jiganov, E.
name: Johansson, T.
name: Keleta, S.
name: Khakimova, O.
name: Koch, I.
name: Kren, F.
name: Kullander, S.
name: Kupsc, A.
name: Kuzmin, A.
name: Lindberg, K.
name: Marciniewski, P.
name: Morosov, B.
name: Oelert, W.
name: Pauly, C.
name: Pettersson, H.
name: Petukhov, Y.
name: Povtorejko, A.
name: Ruber, R. J. M. Y.
name: Scobel, W.
name: Shafigullin, R.
name: Shwartz, B.
name: Skorodko, T.
name: Sopov, V.
name: Stepaniak, J.
name: Tegner, P. -E.
name: Engblom, P. Thorngren
name: Tikhomirov, V.
name: Turowiecki, A.
name: Wagner, G. J.
name: Wilkin, C.
name: Wolke, M.
name: Zabierowski, J.
name: Zartova, I.
name: Zlomanczuk, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tensor polarisation of omega mesons produced in the pd-->3He+omega reaction has been studied at two energies near threshold. The 3He nuclei were detected in coincidence with the pi0pi+pi- or pi0gamma decay products of the omega. In contrast to the case of phi meson production, the omega mesons are found to be unpolarised. This brings into question the applicability of the Okubo-Zweig-Iizuka rule when comparing the production of vector mesons in low energy hadronic reactions.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Qubit-based clock synchronization for QKD systems using a Bayesian approach
Creators: name: Cochran, Roderick D.
name: Gauthier, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum key distribution (QKD) systems provide a method for two users to exchange a provably secure key. Synchronizing the users' clocks is an essential step before a secure key can be distilled. Qubit-based synchronization protocols directly use the transmitted quantum states to achieve synchronization and thus avoid the need for additional classical synchronization hardware. Previous qubit-based synchronization protocols sacrifice secure key either directly or indirectly, and all known qubit-based synchronization protocols do not efficiently use all publicly available information published by the users. Here, we introduce a Bayesian probabilistic algorithm that incorporates all published information to efficiently find the clock offset without sacrificing any secure key. Additionally, the output of the algorithm is a probability, which allows us to quantify our confidence in the synchronization. For demonstration purposes, we present a model system with accompanying simulations of an efficient three-state BB84 prepare-and-measure protocol with decoy states. We use our algorithm to exploit the correlations between Alice's published basis and mean photon number choices and Bob's measurement outcomes to probabilistically determine the most likely clock offset. We find that we can achieve a 95 percent synchronization confidence in only 4,140 communication bin widths, meaning we can tolerate clock drift approaching 1 part in 4,140 in this example when simulating this system with a dark count probability per communication bin width of 8e-4 and a received mean photon number of 0.01.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
DER Integration and Microgrids
Creators: B. Enayati
A. Paaso
F. Katiraei
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2018

Technical Report
The Economics and Industry Standing Committee (EISC) is currently undertaking an inquiry into Microgrids and Associated Technologies. This committee asked IEEE PES for technical input and experience in terms of: The physical impacts of increased DER penetration on American grids; Policies aimed at increasing DER take-up; Regulatory changes to accommodate energy system transformation, their progress/success and their impact on system operations; Any other useful lessons or insights that IEEE PES may have; and How NY's experience has differed to that of other American States. This deck presented in response to the EISC's request.
Metrics-Based Spreadsheet Visualization: Support for Focused Maintenance
Creators: name: Hodnigg, Karin
name: Mittermeir, Roland T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Legacy spreadsheets are both, an asset, and an enduring problem concerning spreadsheets in business. To make spreadsheets stay alive and remain correct, comprehension of a given spreadsheet is highly important. Visualization techniques should ease the complex and mindblowing challenges of finding structures in a huge set of spreadsheet cells for building an adequate mental model of spreadsheet programs. Since spreadsheet programs are as diverse as the purpose they are serving and as inhomogeneous as their programmers, to find an appropriate representation or visualization technique for every spreadsheet program seems futile. We thus propose different visualization and representation methods that may ease spreadsheet comprehension but should not be applied with all kind of spreadsheet programs. Therefore, this paper proposes to use (complexity) measures as indicators for proper visualization.
description: 16 Pages, 7 Colour Figures
Cluster-surface and cluster-cluster interactions: Ab initio calculations and modeling of van der Waals forces
Creators: name: Botti, Silvana
name: Castro, Alberto
name: Andrade, Xavier
name: Rubio, Angel
name: Marques, Miguel A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present fully ab-initio calculations of van der Waals coefficients for two different situations: i) the interaction between hydrogenated silicon clusters; and ii) the interactions between these nanostructures and a non metallic surface (a silicon or a silicon carbide surface). The methods used are very efficient, and allow the calculation of systems containing hundreds of atoms. The results obtained are further analyzed and understood with the help of simple models. These models can be of interest for molecular dynamics simulations of silicon nanostructures on surfaces, where they can give a very fast yet sufficiently accurate determination of the van der Waals interaction at large separations.
description: Phys. Rev. B