cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Assessing for Integrity in the Age of AI
Creators: name: Eaton, Sarah Elaine
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2024
Subjects: academic integrity
artificial intelligence
GenAI
assessment
academic misconduct
education
higher education
ethics
bias
equity
inclusion
diversity
neurodiversity
inclusive education

description: In this webinar, Dr. Sarah Elaine Eaton, explores the potential benefits and drawbacks of using AI in educational assessment. Although AI offers opportunities for efficiency and personalization, ethical considerations, including potential biases, privacy concerns and the risk of undermining academic integrity, need to be addressed. AI can enhance assessment practices by automating grading and feedback, enabling frequent assessments and providing personalized learning paths. However, AI algorithms can perpetuate biases, struggle to evaluate nuanced responses and raise privacy concerns about student data. Maintaining academic integrity in a technology-driven classroom is crucial, particularly avoiding unreliable and potentially biased AI-text detection tools. To ensure equity, diversity, inclusion, and accessibility in AI-powered assessments, it is important to incorporate accessibility and inclusion features for students with disabilities and use diverse and representative training data to minimize bias. This approach aligns with the principles of fairness and equity in AI assessment highlighted in the abstract, promoting a more inclusive learning environment. Ensuring fair and equitable AI-powered assessments requires diverse training data, regular audits for bias and transparency in assessment criteria. Strategies for ethical AI implementation include clear communication with students, data privacy protection, human oversight and ongoing system improvement. Keywords: artificial intelligence, GenAI, education, higher education, assessment, academic integrity, ethics, bias, equity, ed tech, disability, neurodiversity, inclusion, inclusive education How to cite this work: Eaton, S. E. (2024, December 4). Assessing for Integrity in the Age of AI [Online]. DOCEO AI. Calgary, Canada.
Light Stop Searches at the LHC with Monojet Events
Creators: name: Drees, Manuel
name: Hanussek, M.
name: Kim, Jong Soo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider light top squarks (stops) in the minimal supersymmetric Standard Model at the Large Hadron Collider. Here, we assume that the lightest neutralino is the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) and the lighter stop is the next-to-LSP. Stop pair production is difficult to probe at the Large Hadron Collider for small stop-LSP mass splitting. It has been shown previously that even in this case stop detection is possible if one considers stop pair production in association with one hard jet. We reconsider this supersymmetric monojet signature and go beyond previous works by including the full Standard Model background and optimizing the cuts, working at the hadron level and including detector effects. As a result, a larger portion of the stop-LSP mass plane becomes accessible to monojet searches.
description: 12 pages
Track finding with deep neural networks
Creators: name: Kucharczyk, Marcin
name: Wolter, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-energy physics experiments require fast and efficient methods for reconstructing the tracks of charged particles. The commonly used algorithms are sequential, and the required CPU power increases rapidly with the number of tracks. Neural networks can speed up the process due to their capability of modeling complex non-linear data dependencies and finding all tracks in parallel. In this paper, we describe the application of a deep neural network for reconstructing straight tracks in a toy two-dimensional model. It is planned to apply this method to the experimental data obtained by the MUonE experiment at CERN.
Search for the edge-on galaxies using an artificial neural network
Creators: name: Savchenko, S. S.
name: Makarov, D. I.
name: Antipova, A. V.
name: Tikhonenko, I. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an application of an artificial neural network methodology to a modern wide-field sky survey Pan-STARRS1 in order to build a high-quality sample of disk galaxies visible in edge-on orientation. Such galaxies play an important role in the study of the vertical distribution of stars, gas and dust, which is usually not available to study in other galaxies outside the Milky Way. We give a detailed description of the network architecture and the learning process. The method demonstrates good effectiveness with detection rate about 97\% and it works equally well for galaxies over a wide range of brightnesses and sizes, which resulted in a creation of a catalogue of edge-on galaxies with $10^5$ of objects. The catalogue is published on-line with an open access.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures
title: Reproductive Health Apps: The Benefits and Limitations to User Groups
Creators: name: Kazakoff, Alissa
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: mHealth
subject: Reproductive Health Apps
subject: Menstrual Cycle
subject: Education--Health
subject: Education--Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Public Health

description: The global mHealth market is growing at an unprecedented rate and is projected to reach an estimated value of over $187 billion by 2033. Many of these apps focus on women’s health and tracking of the menstrual cycle. The reasons for menstrual cycle tracking are diverse and include increasing awareness of reproductive health and body functions, preparing for different menstruation cycle phases, fertility and family planning, identifying bleeding irregularities, and informing conversations with healthcare providers. Two areas of limited research include user retention and engagement based on known theories and models and whether app use impacts menstrual literacy. The purpose of this thesis was to a) investigate the current state of reproductive health tracking through a scoping review (ScR) and b) explore tracking methods and experiences, motivations for using reproductive health apps, and baseline menstrual literacy in a menstruating population through a cross-sectional survey. The ScR observed users were motivated to engage in reproductive health apps for education, contraception, and conception. Several benefits of app use were identified, like improved menstrual health literacy and helping users feel empowered and prepared for their cycles. However, a number of limitations in current reproductive health apps came to light that negatively impact user experience, such as a lack of regulation, variable quality, inaccurate predictions, and minimal diversity. A social media campaign was then employed to recruit menstruating individuals between the ages of 18-35 to complete an online survey that resulted in 1,359 participants. The participant’s mean age was 26 years (± 5; range 18-35) and 66.4% were app users and 33.6% were non-users. The feasibility of using the TAM to explain menstrual cycle app use was demonstrated. The constructs of perceived usefulness (PU) (<0.001), perceived ease of use (PEOU) (0.001), and trust (0.027) to predict app use were all significant. Confidence in knowledge about the menstrual cycle was negatively associated with app use (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.65-0.98, p = 0.034). Additionally, having sufficient information about menses and symptoms was a significant predictor of app use (OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.02-1.71, p = 0.038). To our knowledge, this study is the first to combine the TAM with menstrual literacy and highlight key differences in menstrual literacy and characteristics between app users and nonusers. These results provide valuable insights into this under-researched area of women’s health by offering preliminary data on the factors influencing app use while also informing future research aimed at improving app engagement and menstrual education.
Clique problem, cutting plane proofs and communication complexity
Creators: name: Jukna, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Motivated by its relation to the length of cutting plane proofs for the Maximum Biclique problem, we consider the following communication game on a given graph G, known to both players. Let K be the maximal number of vertices in a complete bipartite subgraph of G, which is not necessarily an induced subgraph if G is not bipartite. Alice gets a set A of vertices, and Bob gets a disjoint set B of vertices such that |A|+|B|>K. The goal is to find a nonedge of G between A and B. We show that O(\log n) bits of communication are enough for every n-vertex graph.
description: 10 pages. Theorem 1 in the previous version holds only for bipartite graphs, the non-bipartite case remains open. I now separate the bipartite and non-bipartite cases (by switching from independent sets to cliques, hence a new title). Some new open problems as well as references are added
A study of topological insulators in two and three dimensions
Creators: name: Weeks, William Conan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: In this work we introduce a new model for a topological insulator in both two and three dimensions, and then discuss the possibility of creating a fractional topological insulator in the three dimensional version. We also explore the possibility of engineering a quantum spin Hall phase in Graphene through the application of heavy metal adatoms. We show that the two dimensional model on the Lieb lattice, and its three dimensional counterpart, the so called edge centered cubic or Perovskite lattice, possess non-trivial Z₂ invariants, and gapless edge modes, which are the signatures of the topological insulating state. Having established that these lattices can become topological insulators, we then tune several short range hoppings in the model and show that it is possible to flatten the lowest energy bands in each case. After flattening the bands we add in a Hubbard term and then use a mean field decoupling to show that there is a portion of phase space where the system remains non-magnetic, and then conjecture that the many body ground state in three dimensions could become a fractional topological insulator. For the model on graphene, we start by using density functional theory (DFT) to find a pair of suitable heavy elements that are non-magnetic, have a strong spin orbit coupling and prefer to sit at the center of the hexagonal lattice. We then establish that for adatoms distributed in a periodic configuration, again with DFT, that a gap will open at the Dirac point in the presence of spin orbit coupling. To prove the gap is topologically non-trivial, we show that it is possible to adiabatically connect this model to the original Kane-Mele model, a known topological insulator. Lastly, we show that for adatoms distributed randomly the effect survives.
Axonopus pressus Parodi
Creators: name: Camargo Keller, Victor
name: Lopes Pereira-Silva, Erico Fernando
name: Hardt, Elisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Axonopus
Axonopus pressus

description: Axonopus pressus (Nees ex Steud.) Parodi Figure 18D Identification. Perennial tussock grass with conspicuous rhizomes, 0.7–1.5 m height. Identified by its leaf-blades linear-lanceolate, plain or conduplicate, obtuse apex, glabrous to densely covered with hairs, 20–35 cm long, 0.5– 1.0 cm wide, sometimes presenting a bluish coloration. Inflorescence with 9–25 alternate branches, 5–25 cm long. Remarks. A common species on the native grassland, occurring isolated or in small clusters. Brazilian range. Midwest, North (PA and TO states), Northeast (BA, MA and RN states), South (except SC state) and Southeast (except RJ state) regions. Materials examined. BRAZIL – São Paulo • Franco da Rocha, Parque Estadual do Juquery; 23°20′33″S, 046°40′42″W; 6 Mar. 2018; collection number vck250; HUFABC2094 • same collection as for preceding; collection number vck251; HUFABC 2095.
description: Published as part of Camargo Keller, Victor, Lopes Pereira-Silva, Erico Fernando & Hardt, Elisa, 2021, High richness, new occurrences, and threatened species in a savanna grassland remnant in the largest Brazilian metropolis, pp. 507-549 in Check List 17 (2) on page 527, DOI: 10.15560/17.2.507
Additional file 5 of Effect of pharmacological treatment on outcomes of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: an updated systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Lin, Yaowang
name: Cai, Zhigang
name: Yuan, Jie
name: Liu, Huadong
name: Pang, Xinli
name: Chen, Qiuling
name: Tang, Xinzheng
name: Geng, Qingshan
name: Dong, Shaohong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. Incoherence of the network meta-analysis.
title: Polynomial Maps of Polynomial Processes for Energy Markets
Creators: name: Sun, Zuming
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Energy Markets
subject: Polynomial Processes
subject: Polynomial Maps
subject: Gas Prices
subject: Oil Prices
subject: Power Prices
subject: Forward Prices
subject: Volatility Analysis
subject: Education--Mathematics

description: The empirical evidence reveals that energy prices are different from other commodity prices, exhibiting seasonality, mean reversion and extremely high volatility. These features arise from the interaction between supply and demand, with each subject to seasonal variations, and in particular from constraints on storage, transmission or transportation, perhaps exacerbated by sudden changes due to unforeseen infrastructure breakdowns. Pricing energy assets and energy derivatives is a significant challenge. In this thesis, we present a modeling framework based on the mathematical foundations for polynomial diffusions, involving polynomial maps of polynomial processes (PMPP models) for various energy prices such as oil, natural gas and electricity prices. Under the PMPP framework, underlying factors are modeled by polynomial processes such as the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, geometric Brownian motion, inhomogeneous geometric Brownian motion and etc. Energy prices are generated by polynomial maps of these underlying processes. The polynomial maps can be determined either by monotone polynomial maps or regression, revealing the relationship between underlying factors and energy prices. We will show that PMPP models are able to describe the dynamics of spot and forward prices in energy markets, providing the advantage of cheap and convenient computation of forward prices because of the property of polynomial processes that the conditional expectations of polynomial functions of future states, conditional on current states, are given by polynomials of the current states. We also introduce a potential extension of the PMPP framework where the underlying factor process and the map may not be polynomial. Under this extended framework, the PMPP model will still reserve a quasi-polynomial property whereby conditional expectation of polynomial functions of the future state are given by functions of the current state in a space spanned by a finite set of basis functions. The optimal PMPP model is determined by the statistical criteria. The maximum likelihood estimation and Kalman filters are applied for model calibration. Preliminary results indicate that the PMPP models are able to capture the behavior of energy prices well and can be useful for risk management purposes.
Elastic pp-scattering at \sqrt s=7 TeV with the genuine Orear regime and the dip
Creators: name: Dremin, I. M.
name: Nechitailo, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unitarity condition unambigously requires the Orear region to appear in between the diffraction cone at low transferred momenta and hard parton scattering regime at high transferred momenta in hadron elastic scattering. It originates from rescattering of the diffraction cone processes. It is shown that such region has been observed in the differential cross section of the elastic pp-scattering at \sqrt s=7 TeV. The Orear region is described by exponential decrease with the scattering angle and imposed on it damped oscillations. They explain the steepening at the end of the diffraction cone as well as the dip and the subsequent maximum observed in TOTEM data. The failure of several models to describe the data in this region can be understood as improper account of the unitarity condition. It is shown that the real part of the amplitude can be as large as the imaginary part in this region. The overlap function is calculated and shown to be small outside the diffraction peak. Its negative sign there indicates the important role of phases in the amplitudes of inelastic processes.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, revtex4
Empowering the 6G Cellular Architecture with Open RAN
Creators: name: Polese, Michele
name: Dohler, Mischa
name: Dressler, Falko
name: Erol-Kantarci, Melike
name: Jana, Rittwik
name: Knopp, Raymond
name: Melodia, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Innovation and standardization in 5G have brought advancements to every facet of the cellular architecture. This ranges from the introduction of new frequency bands and signaling technologies for the radio access network (RAN), to a core network underpinned by micro-services and network function virtualization (NFV). However, like any emerging technology, the pace of real-world deployments does not instantly match the pace of innovation. To address this discrepancy, one of the key aspects under continuous development is the RAN with the aim of making it more open, adaptive, functional, and easy to manage. In this paper, we highlight the transformative potential of embracing novel cellular architectures by transitioning from conventional systems to the progressive principles of Open RAN. This promises to make 6G networks more agile, cost-effective, energy-efficient, and resilient. It opens up a plethora of novel use cases, ranging from ubiquitous support for autonomous devices to cost-effective expansions in regions previously underserved. The principles of Open RAN encompass: (i) a disaggregated architecture with modular and standardized interfaces; (ii) cloudification, programmability and orchestration; and (iii) AI-enabled data-centric closed-loop control and automation. We first discuss the transformative role Open RAN principles have played in the 5G era. Then, we adopt a system-level approach and describe how these Open RAN principles will support 6G RAN and architecture innovation. We qualitatively discuss potential performance gains that Open RAN principles yield for specific 6G use cases. For each principle, we outline the steps that research, development and standardization communities ought to take to make Open RAN principles central to next-generation cellular network designs.
description: This paper is part of the IEEE JSAC SI on Open RAN. Please cite as: M. Polese, M. Dohler, F. Dressler, M. Erol-Kantarci, R. Jana, R. Knopp, T. Melodia, "Empowering the 6G Cellular Architecture with Open RAN," in IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2023.3334610
Shubnikov-de Haas measurements and the spin magnetic moment of YBa₂Cu₃O₆.₅₉
Creators: name: Ramshaw, Brad
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: High-temperature superconductivity (high-Tc) was discovered in 1986 in copper-oxide materials, and since that time the goal of understanding high-Tc has driven the advancement of theoretical and experimental condensed matter physics. Despite the concerted efforts of some of the brightest minds in physics over the past 26 years, there is still no microscopic understanding of these materials. One of the main problems is an uncertainty as to whether Fermi liquid theory, which has been the foundation of our understanding of conventional metals for over 50 years, can be used to describe the strange pseudo-metallic properties of the cuprates. This thesis studies the resistivity of the high-Tc superconductor YBa₂Cu₃O₆+x (YBCO) in magnetic fields up to 70 Tesla. These resistivity measurements show oscillatory behaviour as a function of magnetic field, which is a clear signature of a Fermi surface. The development of an advanced technique (based on a genetic algorithm) for analyzing the oscillatory resistance is presented, and the Fermi surface of YBa₂Cu₃O₆.₅₉ is determined with great precision by analyzing the field, angle, and temperature dependences of the oscillations. Analysis of the data shows that the electronic g factor, related to the strength of quasiparticle spin magnetic moment, does not experience strong renormalization in YBCO, in contrast with previous experimental studies. This lack of renormalization has important implications for theoretical descriptions of YBCO. A full description of the shape of the Fermi surface of YBCO is presented, and measurements of YBCO with different oxygen concentrations give the evolution of the Fermi surface with hole doping. A novel technique for fine-tuning the hole doping in YBCO is presented in the context of a Hall coefficient experiment. The result is a detailed doping dependence of the Hall coefficient, indicating that the Fermi surface seen in quantum oscillation experiments is influenced by some type of electronic order---such as charge and spin stripe order---competing with superconductivity near 1/8th hole doping. The behaviour of the superconducting vortex lattice in a magnetic field is analyzed as a function of temperature, and this behaviour also indicates that something is competing with superconductivity near 1/8th doping.
Rare variants in SOX17 are associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension with congenital heart disease
Creators: name: Zhu, Na
name: Welch, Carrie L.
name: Wang, Jiayao
name: Allen, Philip M.
name: Gonzaga-Jauregui, Claudia
name: Ma, Lijiang
name: King, Alejandra K.
name: Krishnan, Usha
name: Rosenzweig, Erika B.
name: Ivy, D. Dunbar
name: Austin, Eric D.
name: Hamid, Rizwan
name: Pauciulo, Michael W.
name: Lutz, Katie A.
name: Nichols, William C.
name: Reid, Jeffrey G.
name: Overton, John D.
name: Baras, Aris
name: Dewey, Frederick E.
name: Shen, Yufeng
name: Chung, Wendy K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Pulmonary hypertension
subject: Congenital heart disease
subject: Exomes
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genomics

description: Background
                Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease characterized by distinctive changes in pulmonary arterioles that lead to progressive pulmonary arterial pressures, right-sided heart failure, and a high mortality rate. Up to 30% of adult and 75% of pediatric PAH cases are associated with congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD), and the underlying etiology is largely unknown. There are no known major risk genes for PAH-CHD.

                Methods
                To identify novel genetic causes of PAH-CHD, we performed whole exome sequencing in 256 PAH-CHD patients. We performed a case-control gene-based association test of rare deleterious variants using 7509 gnomAD whole genome sequencing population controls. We then screened a separate cohort of 413 idiopathic and familial PAH patients without CHD for rare deleterious variants in the top association gene.

                Results
                We identified SOX17 as a novel candidate risk gene (p = 5.5e−7). SOX17 is highly constrained and encodes a transcription factor involved in Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signaling during development. We estimate that rare deleterious variants contribute to approximately 3.2% of PAH-CHD cases. The coding variants identified include likely gene-disrupting (LGD) and deleterious missense, with most of the missense variants occurring in a highly conserved HMG-box protein domain. We further observed an enrichment of rare deleterious variants in putative targets of SOX17, many of which are highly expressed in developing heart and pulmonary vasculature. In the cohort of PAH without CHD, rare deleterious variants of SOX17 were observed in 0.7% of cases.

                Conclusions
                These data strongly implicate SOX17 as a new risk gene contributing to PAH-CHD as well as idiopathic/familial PAH. Replication in other PAH cohorts and further characterization of the clinical phenotype will be important to confirm the precise role of SOX17 and better estimate the contribution of genes regulated by SOX17.
Compositional Generalization for Data-to-Text Generation
Creators: name: Xu, Xinnuo
name: Titov, Ivan
name: Lapata, Mirella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data-to-text generation involves transforming structured data, often represented as predicate-argument tuples, into coherent textual descriptions. Despite recent advances, systems still struggle when confronted with unseen combinations of predicates, producing unfaithful descriptions (e.g. hallucinations or omissions). We refer to this issue as compositional generalisation, and it encouraged us to create a benchmark for assessing the performance of different approaches on this specific problem. Furthermore, we propose a novel model that addresses compositional generalization by clustering predicates into groups. Our model generates text in a sentence-by-sentence manner, relying on one cluster of predicates at a time. This approach significantly outperforms T5~baselines across all evaluation metrics.Notably, it achieved a 31% improvement over T5 in terms of a metric focused on maintaining faithfulness to the input.
Bespoke Biomolecular Wires for Transmembrane Electron Transfer: Spontaneous Assembly of a Functionalized Multiheme Electron Conduit
Creators: name: Piper, Samuel E. H.
name: Edwards, Marcus J.
name: Van Wonderen, Jessica H.
name: Casadevall, Carla
name: Martel, Anne
name: Jeuken, Lars J. C.
name: Reisner, Erwin
name: Clarke, Thomas A.
name: Butt, Julea N.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: cytochrome
subject: electron transfer
subject: microbial fuel cell
subject: microbial electrosynthesis
subject: photosensitizer
subject: biomolecular wire
subject: SANS
subject: Shewanella

description: Shewanella oneidensis exchanges electrons between cellular metabolism and external redox partners in a process that attracts much attention for production of green electricity (microbial fuel cells) and chemicals (microbial electrosynthesis). A critical component of this pathway is the outer membrane spanning MTR complex, a biomolecular wire formed of the MtrA, MtrB, and MtrC proteins. MtrA and MtrC are decaheme cytochromes that form a chain of close-packed hemes to define an electron transfer pathway of 185 Å. MtrA is wrapped inside MtrB for solubility across the outer membrane lipid bilayer; MtrC sits outside the cell for electron exchange with external redox partners. Here, we demonstrate tight and spontaneous in vitro association of MtrAB with separately purified MtrC. The resulting complex is comparable with the MTR complex naturally assembled by Shewanella in terms of both its structure and rates of electron transfer across a lipid bilayer. Our findings reveal the potential for building bespoke electron conduits where MtrAB combines with chemically modified MtrC, in this case, labeled with a Ru-dye that enables light-triggered electron injection into the MtrC heme chain.
title: Anxious Echoes: Empire, Abolition, and the Romantic Consciousness
Creators: name: Khalid, Muhammad Talal
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Romanticism
subject: Coleridge
subject: Blake
subject: More
subject: Slavery
subject: Abolition
subject: Literature--Classical

description: This thesis interrogates the contradictions that permeate abolitionist rhetoric in the works of Coleridge, Blake and More, resisting any straightforward reading of moral progress or political emancipation. These writers do not merely reflect on the moral imperatives of their time; they challenge the very frameworks of reason, faith, and national identity upon which abolitionist discourse often relies. Abolition, as articulated in their works, emerges not as an unproblematic good but as an ambiguous, unsettling process fraught with contradictions. Coleridge’s oscillation between radical idealism and conservative restraint reveals a fundamental anxiety about the transformative power of liberation, suggesting that emancipation might unleash chaos rather than freedom. Blake's apocalyptic imagery destabilizes conventional conceptions of power, merging the roles of oppressor and oppressed, in a surreal vision where resistance and complicity are inextricably linked. More’s fusion of evangelical fervour with rational discourse exposes the hypocrisy within British national identity, destabilizing the ideological pillars that uphold both slavery and the concept of British moral superiority. Her rhetoric, while outwardly appealing to reason and faith, uncovers fissures within these concepts, pushing the limits of what rationality and virtue mean in a society complicit in slavery. Rather than resolving into a coherent moral triumph, abolitionist rhetoric in these texts unravels into unsettling discursive space, where the very concept of liberation becomes slippery and paradoxical. Freedom, in this context, morphs into a disruptive force that both upends and sustains the structures of oppression it seeks to dismantle. The idea of emancipation spirals into something volatile—a liberation where the line between the oppressor and the liberated dissolves into a tangled mess of complicity and subversion. The familiar language of moral and rational progress fractures under the weight of its contradictions, revealing a landscape where the boundaries of nation, identity, and virtue are blurred and violently disfigured. In this way, the thesis teaches us to see Romantic-era abolitionist rhetoric not as a singular, coherent force but as a destabilizing, multi-layered process that defies resolution.
Periosteal progenitors contribute to load-induced bone formation in adult mice and require primary cilia to sense mechanical stimulation
Creators: name: Moore, Emily
name: Zhu, Ya X.
name: Ryu, Han S.
name: Jacobs, Christopher R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biomedical engineering
Osteoblasts
Bone regeneration
Stem cells
Cilia and ciliary motion

description: Background
                The fully developed adult skeleton adapts to mechanical forces by generating more bone, usually at the periosteal surface. Progenitor cells in the periosteum are believed to differentiate into bone-forming osteoblasts that contribute to load-induced adult bone formation, but in vivo evidence does not yet exist. Furthermore, the mechanism by which periosteal progenitors might sense physical loading and trigger differentiation is unknown. We propose that periosteal osteochondroprogenitors (OCPs) directly sense mechanical load and differentiate into bone-forming osteoblasts via their primary cilia, mechanosensory organelles known to be involved in osteogenic differentiation.

                Methods
                We generated a diphtheria toxin ablation mouse model and performed ulnar loading and dynamic histomorphometry to quantify the contribution of periosteal OCPs in adult bone formation in vivo. We also generated a primary cilium knockout model and isolated periosteal cells to study the role of the cilium in periosteal OCP mechanosensing in vitro. Experimental groups were compared using one-way analysis of variance or student’s t test, and sample size was determined to achieve a minimum power of 80%.

                Results
                Mice without periosteal OCPs had severely attenuated mechanically induced bone formation and lacked the mineralization necessary for daily skeletal maintenance. Our in vitro results demonstrate that OCPs in the periosteum uniquely sense fluid shear and exhibit changes in osteogenic markers consistent with osteoblast differentiation; however, this response is essentially lost when the primary cilium is absent.

                Conclusions
                Combined, our data show that periosteal progenitors are a mechanosensitive cell source that significantly contribute to adult skeletal maintenance. More importantly, an OCP population persists in the adult skeleton and these cells, as well as their cilia, are promising targets for bone regeneration strategies.
title: Exploring the Experiences of Black Muslim Women in Alberta Emergency Departments: An Interpretive Description Study
Creators: name: Ali, Asmaa
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Black women
subject: Muslim women
subject: Women's health
subject: Emergency medicine
subject: Health equity
subject: Social determinants of health
subject: Black health
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Education--Health
subject: Education--Religious
subject: Black Studies
subject: Nursing
subject: Public Health

description: Background: Black Muslim women have a unique set of religious and cultural beliefs that impact how they receive healthcare. A growing body of literature on health equity suggests that gaps in healthcare providers’ systemic, social, and cultural awareness of the unique needs of diverse patient populations can add to poor patient health outcomes. Aim: This research project aims to explore how race, faith, and gender impact Black Muslim women’s experiences receiving care in emergency departments (EDs) in Alberta. Methods: Six Albertan Black Muslim women who self-reported a personal ED visit within the last five years were interviewed, and data were analyzed using qualitative interpretive description methodology. Findings: Participants described patient-provider relations as strained due to communication challenges rooted in past experiences of racism and distrust in the healthcare system. Further, participants’ race, faith, and cultural needs in a healthcare setting fundamentally impacted their ED care experience. Lastly, participants highlighted that healthcare system challenges such as lack of access to family physicians across the province, long wait times, and rural barriers to care were exceedingly difficult to navigate when compounded with past experiences of discrimination. Discussion: This study provides insight for healthcare professionals on the experiences of Black Muslim women who present to the ED. Using the Population Health Promotion Model (Hamilton & Bhatti, 1996) as a framework, I located and analyzed the findings of this study in the context of the social systems and determinants of health that impact Black Muslim women. Discussing the findings from a health promotion perspective highlights the barriers and challenges Black Muslim women face. Further, it supports knowledge translation to practically inform clinical best practices and health promotion initiatives for this population.
Additional file 6 of Effect of pharmacological treatment on outcomes of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: an updated systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Lin, Yaowang
name: Cai, Zhigang
name: Yuan, Jie
name: Liu, Huadong
name: Pang, Xinli
name: Chen, Qiuling
name: Tang, Xinzheng
name: Geng, Qingshan
name: Dong, Shaohong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6. Overal evaluattion of the network meta-analysis.
title: “You’ve Got a Friend in Me”- Social Skills and Friendship Building in Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Creators: name: Neprily, Kirsten
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
subject: Adolescents
subject: Social skills training
subject: Friendship making
subject: Friendship quality
subject: Educational Psychology

description: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder causing impairment in multiple areas of functioning, including behavioural, emotional, and social abilities. Social skill challenges and poor interpersonal relationships are often found in adolescents with ADHD. Specifically, adolescents with ADHD may struggle with social skills resulting in less friendships, lower friendship quality, and engaging in more inappropriate social behaviours compared to their neurotypical peers. Researchers have promoted the need for long term interventions that not only address social skill development but directly address dyadic friendship making for adolescents with ADHD. One such intervention, the Program for the Education and Enrichment of Relational Skills (PEERS) has the potential to address these challenges. The current study expanded on previous research by examining the effectiveness of PEERS on social skill development and friendship making in adolescents with ADHD in a Canadian context. After inclusionary criteria were applied and data quality were examined, the final sample included 46 participants (23 adolescents and 23 caregivers/parents), with adolescents ranging in age from 13.0-18.1 years of age. The research design involves repeated time points and analyses were conducted using linear mixed models. Participation in PEERS was associated with significant gains in social skills knowledge, formation of a new friendship, increased get togethers, and improved quality of existing friendships at post intervention; these were maintained at follow-up. The results suggest that PEERS may be an effective tool to build adolescents with ADHD’s social skills and improve friendship making, reducing the potential negative outcomes in this population.
On the Importance of the Equation of State for the Neutrino-Driven Supernova Explosion Mechanism
Creators: name: Suwa, Yudai
name: Takiwaki, Tomoya
name: Kotake, Kei
name: Fischer, Tobias
name: Liebendoerfer, Matthias
name: Sato, Katsuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By implementing widely-used equations of state (EOS) from Lattimer & Swesty (LS) and H. Shen et al. (SHEN) in core-collapse supernova simulations, we explore possible impacts of these EOS on the post-bounce dynamics prior to the onset of neutrino-driven explosions. Our spherically symmetric (1D) and axially symmetric (2D) models are based on neutrino radiation hydrodynamics including spectral transport, which is solved by the isotropic diffusion source approximation. We confirm that in 1D simulations neutrino-driven explosions cannot be obtained for any of the employed EOS. Impacts of the EOS on the post-bounce hydrodynamics are more clearly visible in 2D simulations. In 2D models of a 15 M_sun progenitor using the LS EOS, the stalled bounce shock expands to increasingly larger radii, which is not the case using the SHEN EOS. Keeping in mind that the omission of the energy drain by heavy-lepton neutrinos in the present scheme could facilitate explosions, we find that 2D models of an 11.2 M_sun progenitor produce neutrino-driven explosions for all the EOS under investigation. Models using the LS EOS are slightly more energetic compared to those with the SHEN EOS. The more efficient neutrino heating in the LS models coincides with a higher electron antineutrino luminosity and a larger mass that is enclosed within the gain region. The models based on the LS EOS also show a more vigorous and aspherical downflow of accreting matter to the surface of the protoneutron star (PNS). The accretion pattern is essential for the production and strength of outgoing pressure waves, that can push in turn the shock to larger radii and provide more favorable conditions for the explosion. [abbreviated]
description: 21 pages, 22 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Hyparrhenia rufa Stapf
Creators: name: Camargo Keller, Victor
name: Lopes Pereira-Silva, Erico Fernando
name: Hardt, Elisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Hyparrhenia
Hyparrhenia rufa

description: Hyparrhenia rufa (Nees) Stapf Identification. Perennial tussock grass, 1–2 m height. Leaf-blades linear, scabrous, 35–50 cm long, 0.4–0.6 cm wide, ligulate. Distinguished by its open panicle, 25–35 cm long, with hairy spikelets containing a 15–26 mm long awn. Common name. Capim-jaraguá Remarks. African grass with invasive potential. Widespread on some disturbed sites, not occurring on the native grassland. Brazilian range. Midwest, North (except AC and AP states), Northeast (except AL and RN states), South and Southeast regions. Material examined. BRAZIL – São Paulo • Franco da Rocha, Parque Estadual do Juquery; 23°20′17″S, 046°42′19″W; 15 Jun. 2018; collection number vck308; HUFABC2170.
description: Published as part of Camargo Keller, Victor, Lopes Pereira-Silva, Erico Fernando & Hardt, Elisa, 2021, High richness, new occurrences, and threatened species in a savanna grassland remnant in the largest Brazilian metropolis, pp. 507-549 in Check List 17 (2) on page 531, DOI: 10.15560/17.2.507
title: Development of Novel Automated Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Bone with High-Resolution Peripheral Computed Tomography and Application to Investigate Bone Changes Following ACL Injury
Creators: name: Neeteson, Nathan John
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: HR-pQCT
subject: Deep Learning
subject: Quantitative Image Analysis
subject: Engineering--Biomedical

description: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a prolific and devastating disease. The processes leading to the development of OA are poorly understood, but periarticular bone adaptations are theorized to play an important role. High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) can resolve human bone microarchitecture in vivo, and is uniquely suited to investigate these hypotheses. This thesis develops automated methods for quantifying bone microarchitecture at the knee with HR-pQCT. First, a deep learning workflow is developed for segmenting bone compartments in HR-pQCT images of the distal radius and tibia using data from a large normative cohort, achieving excellent accuracy and equal or better precision than the established semi-automated workflow. Building on this, a deep learning algorithm for segmenting subchondral and trabecular bone in HR-pQCT images of the knee is developed using similar methods and an atlas-based segmentation workflow is developed for automatic contact surface identification, again achieving excellent accuracy and improved precision compared to the established workflow. Separately, a large dataset is leveraged to analyze the statistical and geometric interdependence of four parameters that quantify trabecular microarchitecture, and evidence is found that these four parameters represent only two true degrees of freedom, with important implications for inferential testing and study design. Next, an alternative, model-based method for measuring cortical thickness and subchondral bone plate thickness on HR-pQCT is developed by reformulating Cortical Bone Mapping as a global optimization with spatial regularization of fitted parameters. Finally, methods developed herein are applied to study the one-year changes in periarticular bone microarchitecture in the knee following both ACL injury and surgery. The main effects for the injured side are consistent with theory, but the contrasts for OA risk factors are not significant while contrasts for baseline microarchitectural factors are. This evidence suggests that the effects of OA risk factors on OA pathogenesis may be mediated through the state of the microarchitecture at the onset of OA development, rather than directly impacting tissue changes that lead to OA from a common baseline state.
Representations of Rational Cherednik Algebras in Positive Characteristic
Creators: name: Balagovic, Martina
name: Chen, Harrison
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study rational Cherednik algebras over an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic. We first prove several general results about category O, and then focus on rational Cherednik algebras associated to the general and special linear group over a finite field of the same characteristic as the underlying algebraically closed field. For such algebras we calculate the characters of irreducible representations with trivial lowest weight.
title: MOLECULAR INTERACTIONS OF NK CELL CYTOTOXIC GRANULE TRAFFICKING DURING ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY
Creators: name: Mok, Adley Ching Ho
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Natural Killer Cells
subject: Host-Pathogen Interactions
subject: Cryptococcus
subject: Kinesins
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biophysics--Medical

description: Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungal pathogen that causes life-threatening meningitis and pneumonia, particularly in immunocompromised hosts. Natural Killer (NK) cells are critical in the host defence against this pathogen acting by contacting fungal cells and triggering cell death by releasing cytotoxic effector molecules. Movement and positioning of the granules to the membrane during this process involves mechanical steps wherein granules laden with the effector proteins traverse the microtubule tracks using motor proteins (kinesins and dyneins). However, granule trafficking in response to fungal cells differs from the movement of granules during NK cell killing of tumour cells. During the final stages of fungal killing, immediately before degranulation, the microtubule organizing centre is positioned some distance from the synapse with the fungal cell, and granules are positioned between the Microtubule Organising Center and synapse. I explored the possibility that a kinesin transports the granules to the plasma membrane before release. I found that kinesin-1 is expressed in NK cells and kinesin-1 is required for granules to polarize and maintain its polarized position for degranulation against C. neoformans. This unique granule trafficking mechanism in response to fungal cells suggests a specialized adaptation for antifungal immunity. The positioning of granules between the Microtubule Organizing Center and the synapse may allow for more precise targeting and efficient release of antifungal agents. The identification of kinesin-1 as a key player in this process provides valuable insight into the molecular machinery underlying NK cell-mediated fungal killing.