cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Editorial: Pathogenesis and management of glomerular diseases
Creators: name: Lionaki, Sophia
name: Derebail, Vimal K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Glomerular diseases are considered to be the result of inherited or acquired disorders and may manifest in a variety of clinical syndromes, including numerous pictures in terms of severity. A significant number of patients have no symptoms while others discover urinary abnormalities in routine screenings or they may experience low grade symptoms, such as macroscopic hematuria and edema in the lower extremities. Occasional patients present with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, a serious condition which may end up in advanced or end-stage kidney disease if remain untreated. Renal histopathology evaluation in combination with the characteristics of the clinical syndrome remains the cornerstone for accurate diagnosis and evidence-based treatment. During the past decade substantial progress has been made in this field, especially regarding the etiology and pathogenesis of these diseases. Recent knowledge has been added, including molecular mechanisms, genetic associations and immunologically-mediated forms of glomerulonephritis, underlining the autoimmune basis associated with genetic risk factors and environmental stimulus leading to immune-mediated injury of the glomeruli.
GPU-based high-precision orbital propagation of large sets of initial conditions through Picard-Chebyshev augmentation
Creators: name: Masat, Alessandro
name: Colombo, Camilla
name: Boutonnet, Arnaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orbital propagation of large sets of initial conditions under high accuracy requirements is currently a bottleneck in the development of space missions, e.g. for planetary protection compliance analyses. The proposed approach can include any force source in the dynamical model through efficient Picard-Chebyshev (PC) numerical simulations. A two-level augmentation of the integration scheme is proposed, to run an arbitrary number of simulations within the same algorithm call, fully exploiting high performance and GPU (Graphics Processing Units) computing facilities. The performances obtained with implementation in C and NVIDIA CUDA programming languages are shown, on a test case taken from the optimization of a Solar Orbiter-like first resonant phase with Venus.
Additional file 1 of Expression of immune checkpoint regulators, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1/PD-1), cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), and indolaimine-2, 3-deoxygenase (IDO) in uterine mesenchymal tumors
Creators: name: Samiei, Alireza
name: Gjertson, David W.
name: Memarzadeh, Sanaz
name: Konecny, Gottfried E.
name: Moatamed, Neda A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Table 1. Summary of the immunohistochemical (IHC) reactions of the immune checkpoints in patients with uterine mesenchymal tumors.
Systematic review of food insecurity and violence against women and girls: Mixed methods findings from low- and middle-income settings
Creators: name: Mazars, Celine
name: Pearson, Isabelle
name: Hatcher, Abigail M.
name: Stöckl, Heidi
name: Page, Sabrina
name: Fielding-Miller, Rebecca
name: van Eck, Lele Aletta
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Violence against women and girls (VAWG) is a global human rights and public health concern. Food insecurity is a sign of severe poverty, and likely to heighten women’s vulnerability to VAWG and men’s perpetration of it. However, the extent of the association and the multiple pathways between food insecurity and VAWG are not well understood. We systematically assessed peer reviewed quantitative and qualitative literature to explore this in low- and middle-income countries. Fixed effects meta-analysis was used to synthesize quantitative evidence. Qualitative data was analyzed using thematic analysis. From a search of 732 titles, we identified 23 quantitative and 19 qualitative or mixed-methods peer-reviewed manuscripts. In a meta-analysis of 21 cross-sectional studies with 20,378 participants, food insecurity was associated with doubled odds of reported VAWG (odds ratio [OR] = 2.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.82–3.10). This finding was consistent for both women’s experience or male perpetration of VAWG. Qualitative and mixed-methods papers offered insight that underlying conditions of inequitable gender norms, economic deprivation, and social isolation frame both food insecurity and VAWG. Food insecurity may trigger survival behaviors due to household stress and lack of meeting expected gender roles, which leads to VAWG. VAWG exposure may lead to food insecurity if women are more impoverished after leaving a violent household. Potential protective factors include financial stability, the involvement of men in VAWG programming, transformation of gender norms, and supporting women to develop new networks and social ties. Strong evidence exists for a relationship between food security and VAWG. Future funding should target causal directions and preventive options through longitudinal and interventional research. Strategies to ensure households have access to sufficient food and safe relationships are urgently needed to prevent VAWG.
Sigma models for quantum chaotic dynamics
Creators: name: Altland, Alexander
name: Gnutzmann, Sven
name: Haake, Fritz
name: Micklitz, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the construction of the supersymmetric sigma model for unitary maps, using the color- flavor transformation. We then illustrate applications by three case studies in quantum chaos. In two of these cases, general Floquet maps and quantum graphs, we show that universal spectral fluctuations arise provided the pertinent classical dynamics are fully chaotic (ergodic and with decay rates sufficiently gapped away from zero). In the third case, the kicked rotor, we show how the existence of arbitrarily long-lived modes of excitation (diffusion) precludes universal fluctuations and entails quantum localization.
Additional file 2 of Expression of immune checkpoint regulators, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1/PD-1), cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), and indolaimine-2, 3-deoxygenase (IDO) in uterine mesenchymal tumors
Creators: name: Samiei, Alireza
name: Gjertson, David W.
name: Memarzadeh, Sanaz
name: Konecny, Gottfried E.
name: Moatamed, Neda A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2: Table 2. Binary representation of positive (1) and negative (0) immunohistochemical (IHC) reactions of the immune checkpoints in patients with uterine mesenchymal tumors.
SAUR63 stimulates cell growth at the plasma membrane
Creators: name: Armengot, Laia
name: Wong, Jeh Haur
name: Reed, Jason W.
name: Jaillais, Yvon
name: Gray, William M.
name: Jain, Prateek
name: Davidsdottir, Vala
name: Trinidad, Brendan
name: Rieveschl, Nathaniel B.
name: Chae, Keun
name: Reeves, Paul H.
name: Nagpal, Punita
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: In plants, regulated cell expansion determines organ size and shape. Several members of the family of redundantly acting Small Auxin Up RNA (SAUR) proteins can stimulate plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase proton pumping activity by inhibiting PM-associated PP2C.D phosphatases, thereby increasing the PM electrochemical potential, acidifying the apoplast, and stimulating cell expansion. Similarly, Arabidopsis thaliana SAUR63 was able to increase growth of various organs, antagonize PP2C.D5 phosphatase, and increase H+-ATPase activity. Using a gain-of-function approach to bypass genetic redundancy, we dissected structural requirements for SAUR63 growth-promoting activity. The divergent N-terminal domain of SAUR63 has a predicted basic amphipathic α-helix and was able to drive partial PM association. Deletion of the N-terminal domain decreased PM association of a SAUR63 fusion protein, as well as decreasing protein level and eliminating growth-promoting activity. Conversely, forced PM association restored ability to promote H+-ATPase activity and cell expansion, indicating that SAUR63 is active when PM-associated. Lipid binding assays and perturbations of PM lipid composition indicate that the N-terminal domain can interact with PM anionic lipids. Mutations in the conserved SAUR domain also reduced PM association in root cells. Thus, both the N-terminal domain and the SAUR domain may cooperatively mediate the SAUR63 PM association required to promote growth.
Supplementary material for the master thesis "Enhancing Enterprise Software Documentation with Community Content" by Brian Pfitzmann
Creators: name: Pfitzmann, Brian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Supplementary material for the master thesis "Enhancing Enterprise Software Documentation with Community Content" by Brian Pfitzmann Abstract  Software developers dedicate between 10 and 20 percent of their work time learning new software technology stacks, primarily using online resources such as reference documents and blog posts. However, a common problem that the online information and resource landscape brings is the fragmentation of related information across different platforms.
 Especially in closed source enterprise environments where multiple teams are responsible for information management, this fragmentation becomes a daily problem for developers as finding the right platform and relevant information becomes very time consuming. We propose to identify implicit connections between data from different enterprise platforms and create a content-based recommender system. Using various text processing and data analysis methods, we identify complementary resources related to an original resource, e.g., blog posts that address a particular initial API. A user study with 16 developers was conducted to verify the usefulness of the extracted resources. The results show that our approach outperforms current solutions according to the participants. Moreover, in the context of the SAP SE software company, the system has successfully linked reference documentation with community contributions, which is currently a unique approach that was well received by developers. This thesis thus contributes to the area of resource recommendation, with a particular focus on closed-source enterprise environments. It provides a solid foundation for future research in this area and opens new directions for exploration and investigation.
Additional file 1 of Transcriptomics reveals a core transcriptional network of K-type cytoplasmic male sterility microspore abortion in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Creators: name: Wu, Baolin
name: Xia, Yu
name: Zhang, Gaisheng
name: Wang, Yongqing
name: Wang, Junwei
name: Ma, Shoucai
name: Song, Yulong
name: Yang, Zhiquan
name: Ma, Lingjian
name: Niu, Na
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. FPKM violin distribution analysis. The horizontal axis indicates different samples, and the vertical axis indicates corresponding sample FPKM. Figure S2. Correlation analysis between biological replicates. The horizontal axis and vertical axis represent each sample. The color represents the correlation coefficient, the bluer the color, the higher the correlation, and the whiter the color, the lower the correlation. Figure S3. Volcano plots showing the expression levels of every gene in the core set of shared DEGs.Note that the red dots represent up-regulation and the green dots represent down-regulation.
Rule-and Dictionary-based Solution for Variations in Written Arabic Names in Social Networks, Big Data, Accounting Systems and Large Databases
Creators: name: Hassanat, Ahmad B. A.
name: Altarawneh, Ghada Awad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper investigates the problem that some Arabic names can be written in multiple ways. When someone searches for only one form of a name, neither exact nor approximate matching is appropriate for returning the multiple variants of the name. Exact matching requires the user to enter all forms of the name for the search, and approximate matching yields names not among the variations of the one being sought. In this paper, we attempt to solve the problem with a dictionary of all Arabic names mapped to their different (alternative) writing forms. We generated alternatives based on rules we derived from reviewing the first names of 9.9 million citizens and former citizens of Jordan. This dictionary can be used for both standardizing the written form when inserting a new name into a database and for searching for the name and all its alternative written forms. Creating the dictionary automatically based on rules resulted in at least 7% erroneous acceptance errors and 7.9% erroneous rejection errors. We addressed the errors by manually editing the dictionary. The dictionary can be of help to real world-databases, with the qualification that manual editing does not guarantee 100% correctness.
Fractal Dimension Computation From Equal Mass Partitions
Creators: name: Shiozawa, Yui
name: Miller, Bruce N.
name: Rouet, Jean-Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the numerical methods which utilizes partitions of equal-size, including the box-counting method, remain the most popular choice for computing the generalized dimension of multifractal sets, two mass- oriented methods are investigated by applying them to the one-dimensional generalized Cantor set. We show that both mass-oriented methods generate relatively good results for generalized dimensions for important cases where the box-counting method is known to fail. Both the strengths and limitations of the methods are also discussed.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures
Dying at Home Due to Coronavirus Disease 2019
Creators: name: Wohl, David Alain
name: Edwards, Jessie K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Background. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a leading cause of US deaths and when severe requires admission to a
hospital; however, 9% of US COVID-19 deaths before 2022 occurred at home.
Methods. Death certificate data were used to examine the cumulative probability of dying at home from COVID-19 and from
any cause in North Carolina, including by race and ethnicity.
Results. Between March 1, 2020 and December 31, 2021, 22 646 COVID-19 deaths were recorded in North Carolina; of these, 1771
(7.8%) occurred at home. Cumulative risk of dying at home with COVID-19 increased from 3.3/100 000 on December 31, 2020 to 13.0/
100 000 on December 31, 2021. After standardizing each racial/ethnic group, cumulative at-home COVID-19 mortality among
Hispanic people compared to White people was 9.9/100 000 versus 2.3/100 000, respectively, at year-end 2020 (difference, 7.6/100
000; 95% confidence interval [CI], 5.6–9.6) and 19.0/100 000 versus 11.4/100 000 at year-end 2021 (difference, 7.6; 95% CI, 4.9–
10.4). At-home mortality among Black people was also elevated compared to White people (difference, 5.6/100 000; 95% CI, 3.7–
7.4) at year-end 2021. Rates of dying at home from any cause increased overall but were greatest among Hispanic people.
Conclusions. By the end of 2021, the risk of dying at home from COVID-19 increased, especially for persons of color. The risk of
dying at-home from any cause also increased for all but more so for Hispanic persons. These findings suggest perennial barriers to care
prevent those with progressive COVID-19 from accessing medical attention and the need for initiatives that extend healthcare access
for those disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 to prevent avoidable death
Precise physical conditions for the warm gas outflows in the nearby active galaxy IC 5063
Creators: name: Holden, Luke R.
name: Tadhunter, Clive N.
name: Morganti, Raffaella
name: Oosterloo, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AGN-driven outflows are now routinely used in models of galaxy evolution as a feedback mechanism, however many of their properties remain highly uncertain. Perhaps the greatest source of uncertainty is the electron density of the outflowing gas, which directly affects derived kinetic powers and mass outflow rates. Here we present spatially-resolved, wide spectral-coverage Xshooter observations of the nearby active galaxy IC 5063 (z=0.001131), which shows clear signatures of outflows being driven by shocks induced by a radio jet interacting with the ISM. For the first time, we use the higher critical-density transauroral [SII] and [OII] lines to derive electron densities in spatially-resolved observations of an active galaxy, and present evidence that the lines are emitted in the same spatial regions as other key diagnostic lines. In addition, we find that the post-shock gas is denser than the pre-shock gas, possibly due to shock compression effects. We derive kinetic powers for the warm ionised outflow phase and find them to be below those required by galaxy evolution models; however, other studies of different gas phases in IC 5063 allow us to place our results in a wider context in which the cooler gas phases constitute most of the outflowing mass. We investigate the dominant ionisation and excitation mechanisms and find that the warm ionised outflow phase is dominated by AGN-photoionisation, while the warm molecular phase has composite AGN-shock excitation. Overall, our results highlight the importance of robust outflow diagnostics and reinforce the utility of the transauroral lines for future studies of outflows in active galaxies.
description: 25 pages, 24 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Short-term variability of comet C/2012 S1 (ISON) at 4.8 AU from the Sun
Creators: name: Santos-Sanz, Pablo
name: Ortiz, José Luis
name: Morales, Nicolás
name: Duffard, Rene
name: Pozuelos, Francisco
name: Moreno, Fernando
name: Fernández-Valenzuela, Estela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed comet C/2012 S1 (ISON) during six nights in February 2013 when it was at 4.8 AU from the sun. At this distance and time the comet was not very active and it was theoretically possible to detect photometric variations likely due to the rotation of the cometary nucleus. The goal of this work is to obtain differential photometry of the comet inner coma using different aperture radii in order to derive a possible rotational period. Large field of view images were obtained with a 4k x 4k CCD at the f/3 0.77m telescope of La Hita Observatory in Spain. Aperture photometry was performed in order to get relative magnitude variation versus time. Using calibrated star fields we also obtained ISON's R-magnitudes versus time. We applied a Lomb-Scargle periodogram analysis to get possible periodicities for the observed brightness variations, directly related with the rotation of the cometary nucleus. The comet light curve obtained is very shallow, with a peak-to-peak amplitude of 0.03 $\pm$ 0.02 mag. A tentative synodic rotational period (single-peaked) of 14.4 $\pm$ 1.2 hours for ISON's nucleus is obtained from our analysis, but there are other possibilities. We studied the possible effect of the seeing variations in the obtained periodicities during the same night, and from night to night. These seeing variations had no effect on the derived periodicity. We discuss and interpret all possible solutions for the rotational period of ISON's nucleus.
description: 15 pages, 3 Figures, 2 Tables, accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 1 of Human amniotic membrane products for patients with diabetic foot ulcers. do they help? a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Mohammed, Yasmine Adel
name: Farouk, Hossam Khaled
name: Gbreel, Mohamed Ibrahim
name: Ali, Abdelrahman Mahmoud
name: Salah, Ali Ashraf
name: Nourelden, Anas Zakarya
name: Gawad, Mohamed Mahmoud Abd-El
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S.1. Forest plot of risk ratio (RR) in time to heal after 4th, 6th, 12th follow-up, between (DHACA)+(SOC) group and the (SOC) alone group. Figure S.2. Forest plot of mean difference (MD) in Kaplan–Meier plot of time to heal within 1st, 6th, and 12th weeks follow-up, between (DHACA)+(SOC) group and the (SOC) alone group.
Jupiter-like planets might be common in a low-density environment
Creators: name: Gratton, Raffaele
name: Mesa, Dino
name: Bonavita, Mariangela
name: Zurlo, Alice
name: Marino, Sebastian
name: Kervella, Pierre
name: Desidera, Silvano
name: D'Orazi, Valentina
name: Rigliaco, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radial velocity surveys suggest that the Solar System may be unusual and that Jupiter-like planets have a frequency <20% around solar-type stars. However, they may be much more common in one of the closest associations in the solar neighbourhood. Young moving stellar groups are the best targets for direct imaging of exoplanets and four massive Jupiter-like planets have been already discovered in the nearby young beta Pic Moving Group (BPMG) via high-contrast imaging, and four others were suggested via high precision astrometry by the European Space Agency's Gaia satellite. Here we analyze 30 stars in BPMG and show that 20 of them might potentially host a Jupiter-like planet as their orbits would be stable. Considering incompleteness in observations, our results suggest that Jupiter-like planets may be more common than previously found. The next Gaia data release will likely confirm our prediction.
description: 21 pages. Final edited version published on Nature Communications available at URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-41665-0
Ghost series and a motivated proof of the Andrews-Bressoud identities
Creators: name: Kanade, Shashank
name: Lepowsky, James
name: Russell, Matthew C.
name: Sills, Andrew V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15, 05A17, 11P84, 17B69

description: We present what we call a "motivated proof" of the Andrews-Bressoud partition identities for even moduli. A "motivated proof" of the Rogers-Ramanujan identities was given by G. E. Andrews and R. J. Baxter, and this proof was generalized to the odd-moduli case of Gordon's identities by J. Lepowsky and M. Zhu. Recently, a "motivated proof" of the somewhat analogous Göllnitz-Gordon-Andrews identities has been found. In the present work, we introduce "shelves" of formal series incorporating what we call "ghost series," which allow us to pass from one shelf to the next via natural recursions, leading to our motivated proof. We anticipate that these new series will provide insight into the ongoing program of vertex-algebraic categorification of the various "motivated proofs."
description: 23 pages. This paper continues the "motivated proof" program developed in earlier work of J. Lepowsky and M. Zhu [arXiv:1205.6570] and of B. Coulson, S. Kanade, J. Lepowsky, R. McRae, F. Qi, M. C. Russell and C. Sadowski [arXiv:1411.2044]. Mention of further work is added
Additional file 1 of Challenges for research uptake for health policymaking and practice in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review
Creators: name: Semahegn, Agumasie
name: Manyazewal, Tsegahun
name: Hanlon, Charlotte
name: Getachew, Eyerusalem
name: Fekadu, Bethelhem
name: Assefa, Esubalew
name: Kassa, Munir
name: Hopkins, Michael
name: Woldehanna, Tassew
name: Davey, Gail
name: Fekadu, Abebaw
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file1. Completed- Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist.
Additional file 2 of Challenges for research uptake for health policymaking and practice in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review
Creators: name: Semahegn, Agumasie
name: Manyazewal, Tsegahun
name: Hanlon, Charlotte
name: Getachew, Eyerusalem
name: Fekadu, Bethelhem
name: Assefa, Esubalew
name: Kassa, Munir
name: Hopkins, Michael
name: Woldehanna, Tassew
name: Davey, Gail
name: Fekadu, Abebaw
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Literature search strategies.
Kilometer-precise (UII) Umbriel physical properties from the multichord stellar occultation on 2020 September 21
Creators: name: Assafin, M.
name: Santos-Filho, S.
name: Morgado, B. E.
name: Gomes-Júnior, A. R.
name: Sicardy, B.
name: Margoti, G.
name: Benedetti-Rossi, G.
name: Braga-Ribas, F.
name: Laidler, T.
name: Camargo, J. I. B.
name: Vieira-Martins, R.
name: Swift, T.
name: Dunham, D.
name: George, T.
name: Bardecker, J.
name: Anderson, C.
name: Nolthenius, R.
name: Bender, K.
name: Viscome, G.
name: Oesper, D.
name: Dunford, R.
name: Getrost, K.
name: Kitting, C.
name: Green, K.
name: Bria, R.
name: Olsen, A.
name: Scheck, A.
name: Billard, B.
name: Wasiuta, M. E.
name: Tatum, R.
name: Maley, P.
name: di Cicco, D.
name: Gamble, D.
name: Ceravolo, P.
name: Ceravolo, D.
name: Hanna, W.
name: Smith, N.
name: Carlson, N.
name: Messner, S.
name: Bean, J.
name: Moore, J.
name: Venable, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of the stellar occultation by (UII) Umbriel on September 21st, 2020. The shadow crossed the USA and Canada, and 19 positive chords were obtained. A limb parameter accounted for putative topographic features in the limb fittings. Ellipse fittings were not robust - only upper limits were derived for the true size/shape of a putative Umbriel ellipsoid. The adopted spherical solution gives radius = 582.4 +/- 0.8 km, smaller/close to 584.7 +/- 2.8 km from Voyager II. The apparent ellipse fit results in a true semi-major axis of 584.9 +/- 3.8 km, semi-minor axes of 582.3 +/- 0.6 km and true oblateness of 0.004 +/- 0.008 for a putative ellipsoid. The geometric albedo was pV = 0.26 +/- 0.01. The density was rho = 1.54 +/- 0.04 g cm-3. The surface gravity was 0.251 +/- 0.006 m s-2 and the escape velocity 0.541 +/- 0.006 km s-1 . Upper limits of 13 and 72 nbar (at 1 sigma and 3 sigma levels, respectively) were obtained for the surface pressure of a putative isothermal CO2 atmosphere at T = 70 K. A milliarcsecond precision position was derived: RA = 02h 30m 28.84556s +/- 0.1 mas, DE = 14o 19' 36.5836" +/- 0.2 mas. A large limb parameter of 4.2 km was obtained, in striking agreement with opposite southern hemisphere measurements by Voyager II in 1986. Occultation and Voyager results indicate that the same strong topography variation in the surface of Umbriel is present on both hemispheres.
Chaotic polynomial maps
Creators: name: Zhang, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper introduces a class of polynomial maps in Euclidean spaces, investigates the conditions under which there exist Smale horseshoes and uniformly hyperbolic invariant sets, studies the chaotic dynamical behavior and strange attractors, and shows that some maps are chaotic in the sense of Li-Yorke or Devaney. This type of maps includes both the Logistic map and the Hénon map. For some maps in three-dimensional spaces under certain conditions, if the expansion dimension is equal to one or two, it is shown that there exist a Smale horseshoe and a uniformly hyperbolic invariant set on which the system is topologically conjugate to the two-sided fullshift on finite alphabet; if the system is expanding, then it is verified that there is an forward invariant set on which the system is topologically semi-conjugate to the one-sided fullshift on eight symbols. For three types of high-dimensional polynomial maps with degree two, the existence of Smale horseshoe and the uniformly hyperbolic invariant sets are studied, and it is proved that the map is topologically conjugate to the two-sided fullshift on finite alphabet on the invariant set under certain conditions. Some interesting maps with chaotic attractors and positive Lyapunov exponents in three-dimensional spaces are found by using computer simulations. In the end, two examples are provided to illustrate the theoretical results.
Additional file 3 of Challenges for research uptake for health policymaking and practice in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review
Creators: name: Semahegn, Agumasie
name: Manyazewal, Tsegahun
name: Hanlon, Charlotte
name: Getachew, Eyerusalem
name: Fekadu, Bethelhem
name: Assefa, Esubalew
name: Kassa, Munir
name: Hopkins, Michael
name: Woldehanna, Tassew
name: Davey, Gail
name: Fekadu, Abebaw
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Data charting.
Identification and Utilization of a Chemical Probe to Interrogate the Roles of PIKfyve in the Lifecycle of β-Coronaviruses
Creators: name: Hossain, Mohammad Anwar
name: Taft-Benz, Sharon
name: Moorman, Nathaniel J.
name: McPherson, Peter S.
name: Axtman, Alison D.
name: Drewry, David H.
name: Heise, Mark
name: Min, Sophia M.
name: Potjewyd, Frances M.
name: Smith, Jeffery L.
name: Bayati, Armin
name: Howell, Stefanie
name: Dickmander, Rebekah J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: From a designed library of indolyl pyrimidinamines, we identified a highly potent and cell-active chemical probe (17) that inhibits phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate 5-kinase (PIKfyve). Comprehensive evaluation of inhibitor selectivity confirmed that this PIKfyve probe demonstrates excellent kinome-wide selectivity. A structurally related indolyl pyrimidinamine (30) was characterized as a negative control that lacks PIKfyve inhibitory activity and exhibits exquisite selectivity when profiled broadly. Chemical probe 17 disrupts multiple phases of the lifecycle of β-coronaviruses: viral replication and viral entry. The diverse antiviral roles of PIKfyve have not been previously probed comprehensively in a single study or using the same compound set. Our scaffold is a distinct chemotype that lacks the canonical morpholine hinge-binder of classical lipid kinase inhibitors and has a non-overlapping kinase off-target profile with known PIKfyve inhibitors. Our chemical probe set can be used by the community to further characterize the role of PIKfyve in virology.
Influence of the Graft Length on Nanocomposite Structure and Interfacial Dynamics
Creators: name: Genix, Anne-Caroline
name: Bocharova, Vera
name: Carroll, Bobby
name: Dieudonné-George, Philippe
name: Chauveau, Edouard
name: Sokolov, Alexei
name: Oberdisse, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both the dispersion state of nanoparticles (NPs) within polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) and the dynamical state of the polymer altered by the presence of the NP/polymer interfaces have a strong impact on the macroscopic properties of PNCs. In particular, mechanical properties are strongly affected by percolation of hard phases, which may be NP networks, dynamically modified polymer regions, or combinations of both. In this article, the impact on dispersion and dynamics of surface modification of the NPs by short monomethoxysilanes with eight carbons in the alkyl part (C8) is studied. As a function of grafting density and particle content, polymer dynamics is followed by broadband dielectric spectroscopy and analyzed by an interfacial layer model, whereas the particle dispersion is investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering and analyzed by reverse Monte Carlo simulations. NP dispersions are found to be destabilized only at the highest grafting. The interfacial layer formalism allows the clear identification of the volume fraction of interfacial polymer, with its characteristic time. The strongest dynamical slow-down in the polymer is found for unmodified NPs, while grafting weakens this effect progressively. The combination of all three techniques enables a unique measurement of the true thickness of the interfacial layer, which is ca. 5 nm. Finally, the comparison between longer (C18) and shorter (C8) grafts provides unprecedented insight into the efficacy and tunability of surface modification. It is shown that C8-grafting allows for a more progressive tuning, which goes beyond a pure mass effect.
Additional file 1 of Effects of communication style, anthropomorphic setting and individual differences on older adults using voice assistants in a health context
Creators: name: Zhong, Runting
name: Ma, Mengyao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table A1. Design of the voice assistant interaction (Task Script: Exercise) Table A2. Design of the voice assistant interaction (Task Script: Medical consultation) Table A3. Questionnaires used in this study
Metamaterial model of a time crystal
Creators: name: Smolyaninov, Igor I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Propagation of monochromatic extraordinary light in a hyperbolic metamaterial is identical to propagation of massive particles in a three dimensional effective Minkowski spacetime, in which the role of a timelike variable is played by one of the spatial coordinates. We demonstrate that this analogy may be used to build a metamaterial model of a time crystal, which has been recently suggested by Wilczek and Shapere. It is interesting to note that the effective single-particle energy spectrum in such a model does not contain a static ground state, thus providing a loophole in the proof of time crystal non-existence by P. Bruno.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
title: Classifying and Mapping Aquatic Vegetation in Heterogeneous Stream Ecosystems Using Visible and Multispectral UAV Imagery
Creators: name: Agioutanti, Rozalia
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: FOS: Environmental biotechnology
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: The need for assessment and management of aquatic vegetation in stream ecosystems is recognized given the importance in impacting water quality, hydrodynamics, and aquatic biota. However, existing approaches to monitor are laborious and its currently not feasible to track spatial and temporal differences at broad scales. The objective of this study was therefore to map and classify aquatic vegetation of a shallow stream with heterogenous mixtures of emergent and submerged aquatic vegetation. Data was collected in the Camden Creek watershed within the Inner Bluegrass Region of central Kentucky. The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) was employed and both visible (RGB) and multispectral imagery were collected. Machine learning techniques were applied in an off-the-shelf software (QGIS environment) to develop visible and multispectral classification land-cover maps following an effective object-based image analysis workflow. Visible images were additionally coupled with high frequency water quality data to examine the spatial and temporal behavior of the aquatic vegetation. Results showed high overall classification accuracies (OA=83.5% for the training dataset and OA=83.73% for the validation dataset) for the visible imagery, with excellent user’s and producer’s accuracies for duckweed, both for training and validation. Surprisingly, multispectral overall accuracies were substantial (OA=77.8% for the training dataset and OA=70.2% for the validation dataset) but were inferior to the visible classification results. User’s and producer’s accuracies were lower for almost all classes. However, this approach was unsuccessful in detecting, segmenting and classifying submerged aquatic vegetation (algae) for both datasets. Finally, a change detection algorithm was applied to the visible classified maps and the changes in duckweed areal coverage were successfully estimated.
description: © 2022 Rozalia Agioutanti
Catching a Milky Way open cluster in its last breath
Creators: name: Piatti, Andrés E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical models have suggested peculiar velocity dispersion profiles of star clusters facing dissolution. They predicted that, besides bound stars that still belong to the star cluster, and unbound ones already stripped off, there is an intermediate population of stars that having acquired the enough energy to escape the cluster are still within the cluster Jacobi radius. Both, potential escapers and unbound stars, show hot kinematics, not observed along tidal tails of star clusters. We report on the first evidence of an open cluster with stars crossing such a transitional scenario, namely: ASCC 92. The open cluster gathers nearly 10 percent of its initial total mass, and is moving toward Galactic regions affected by higher interstellar absorption. Precisely, the obscured appearance of the cluster could have hampered disentangling its true internal dynamical evolutionary stage, previously.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Exercise and Escitalopram in the Treatment of Anxiety in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: One Year Follow-Up of the UNWIND Randomized Clinical Trial
Creators: name: Mabe, Stephanie
name: Hinderliter, Alan
name: Smith, Patrick J.
name: Kraus, William E.
name: Blumenthal, James A.
name: Davidson, Jonathan
name: Sherwood, Andrew
name: Jiang, Wei
name: Liao, Lawrence
name: Hoffman, Benson M.
name: Watkins, Lana L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Anxiety is common among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and is associated with a worse prognosis. UNWIND was a 12-week randomized clinical trial comparing exercise and escitalopram to placebo on measures of anxiety, depression, and CHD biomarkers. Primary results of the trial reported that treatment with escitalopram, but not exercise, was associated with significant reductions in anxiety and depression. At 1-year follow-up, participants completed the Hospital Anxiety-Depression Scale-Anxiety (HADS-A) along with the HADS-Depression (HADS-D), the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and the Godin Leisure Time Exercise survey to assess physical activity. Results showed that those patients randomized to escitalopram had lower scores on the HADS-A compared to those randomized to exercise (P = 0.006) and had less depression compared to exercise on the HADS-D (P = 0.004) and BDI-II (P = 0.004). Participants randomized to exercise reported higher levels of physical activity at 1-year compared to those randomized to Placebo (P = 0.039). However, despite reporting being more physically active, those randomized to exercise did not have less anxiety or depression compared to placebo controls. Escitalopram appears to be a safe and effective treatment for anxiety; exercise has many health benefits, but does not appear to be effective in treating anxiety.
Additional file 2 of Existing evidence of conceptual differences in research on climate change perceptions among smallholders? A systematic map
Creators: name: Troncarelli, Lia Taruiap
name: de Ataide, Maíra Teixeira
name: Morsello, Carla
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Codebook—Description of the data that will be extracted in the systematic map.
Perturbation Theory for Propagating Magnetic Droplet Solitons
Creators: name: Bookman, L. D.
name: Hoefer, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Droplet solitons are a strongly nonlinear, inherently dynamic structure in the magnetization of ferromagnets, balancing dispersion (exchange energy) with focusing nonlinearity (strong perpendicular anisotropy). Large droplet solitons have the approximate form of a circular domain wall sustained by precession and, in contrast to single magnetic vortices, are predicted to propagate in an extended, homogeneous magnetic medium. In this work, multiscale perturbation theory is utilized to develop an analytical framework for investigating the impact of additional physical effects on the behavior of a propagating droplet. After first developing soliton perturbation theory in the general context of Hamiltonian systems, a number of physical phenomena of current interest are investigated. These include droplet-droplet and droplet-boundary interactions, spatial magnetic field inhomogeneities, spin transfer torque induced forcing in a nanocontact device, and damping. Their combined effects demonstrate the fundamental mechanisms for a previously observed droplet drift instability and under what conditions a slowly propagating droplet can be supported by the nanocontact, important considerations for applications. This framework emphasizes the particle-like dynamics of the droplet, providing analytically tractable and practical predictions for modern experimental configurations.
Constraints on the lunar core viscosity from tidal deformation
Creators: name: Briaud, Arthur
name: Fienga, Agnès
name: Melini, Daniele
name: Rambaux, Nicolas
name: Mémin, Anthony
name: Spada, Giorgio
name: Saliby, Christelle
name: Hussmann, Hauke
name: Stark, Alexander
name: Viswanathan, Vishnu
name: Baguet, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the tidal deformations of the Moon induced by the Earth and the Sun as a tool for studying the inner structure of our satellite. Based on measurements of the degree-two tidal Love numbers k2 and h2 and dissipation coefficients from the GRAIL mission, Lunar Laser Ranging and Laser Altimetry on board of the LRO spacecraft, we perform Monte Carlo samplings for 120,000 possible combinations of thicknesses and viscosities for two classes of the lunar models. The first one includes a uniform core, a low viscosity zone (LVZ) at the core-mantle boundary, a mantle and a crust. The second one has an additional inner core. All models are consistent with the lunar total mass as well as its moment of inertia. By comparing predicted and observed parameters for the tidal deformations we find that the existence of an inner core cannot be ruled out. Furthermore, by deducing temperature profiles for the LVZ and an Earth-like mantle, we obtain stringent constraints on the radius (500 +- 1) km, viscosity,21 (4.5 +- 0.8) x 10^16 Pa.s and the density (3400 +- 10) kg/m^3 of the LVZ. We also infer the first estimation for the outer core viscosity, (2.07 +- 1.03) x 10^17 Pa.s, for two different possible structures: a Moon with a 70 km thick outer core and a large inner core (290 km radius with a density of 6000 kg/m3), and a Moon with a thicker outer core (169 km thick) but a denser and smaller inner core (219 km radius for 8000 kg/m^3).
A Theory of Theories
Creators: name: Levi, Michèle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We take a tour through the past, present and future of Effective Field Theory, with applications ranging from LHC physics to cosmology.
description: Invited feature article dedicated to the memory of Steven Weinberg ; Online publication https://cerncourier.com/a/a-theory-of-theories/
Mechanics and Energetics of Human Feet: A Contemporary Perspective for Understanding Mobility Impairments in Older Adults
Creators: name: Lenz, Amy L.
name: Krupenevich, Rebecca L.
name: Kelly, Luke A.
name: Takahashi, Kota Z.
name: Rainbow, Michael J.
name: Franz, Jason R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Much of our current understanding of age-related declines in mobility has been aided by decades of investigations on the role of muscle–tendon units spanning major lower extremity joints (e.g., hip, knee and ankle) for powering locomotion. Yet, mechanical contributions from foot structures are often neglected. This is despite the emerging evidence of their critical importance in youthful locomotion. With the rapid growth in the field of human foot biomechanics over the last decade, our theoretical knowledge of young asymptomatic feet has transformed, from long-held views of the foot as a stiff lever and a shock absorber to that of a versatile system that can modulate mechanical power and energy output to accommodate various locomotor task demands. In this perspective review, we predict that the next set of impactful discoveries related to locomotion in older adults will emerge by integrating the novel tools and approaches that are currently transforming the field of human foot biomechanics. By illuminating the functions of the feet in older adults, we envision that future investigations will refine our mechanistic understanding of mobility deficits affecting our aging population, which may ultimately inspire targeted interventions to rejuvenate the mechanics and energetics of locomotion.
Additional file 2 of Variants influencing age at diagnosis of HNF1A-MODY
Creators: name: Ludwig-Słomczyńska, Agnieszka H.
name: Seweryn, Michał T.
name: Radkowski, Piotr
name: Kapusta, Przemysław
name: Machlowska, Julita
name: Pruhova, Stepanka
name: Gasperikova, Daniela
name: Bellanne-Chantelot, Christine
name: Hattersley, Andrew
name: Kandasamy, Balamurugan
name: Letourneau-Freiberg, Lisa
name: Philipson, Louis
name: Doria, Alessandro
name: Wołkow, Paweł P.
name: Małecki, Maciej T.
name: Klupa, Tomasz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Additional data S2.