cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
First Insights into the SWIRE Galaxy Populations
Creators: name: Lonsdale, Carol
name: Polletta, Maria
name: Surace, Jason
name: Shupe, David
name: Fang, Fan
name: Xu, C. Kevin
name: Smith, Harding E.
name: Siana, Brian
name: Rowan-Robinson, Michael
name: Babbedge, Tom
name: Oliver, Seb
name: Pozzi, Francesca
name: Davoodi, Payam
name: Owen, Frazer
name: Padgett, Deborah
name: Frayer, Dave
name: Jarrett, Tom
name: Masci, Frank
name: O'Linger, JoAnne
name: Conrow, Tim
name: Farrah, Duncan
name: Morrison, Glenn
name: Gautier, Nick
name: Franceschini, Alberto
name: Berta, Stefano
name: Perez-Fournon, Ismael
name: Dole, Herve
name: Stacey, Gordon
name: Sergeant, Steve
name: Pierre, Marguerite
name: Griffin, Matt
name: Puetter, Rick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We characterize the SWIRE galaxy populations in the SWIRE validation field within the Lockman Hole, based on the 3.6-24$μ$ Spitzer data and deep U,g',r',r' optical imaging within an area ~1/3 sq. deg for ~16,000 Spitzer-SWIRE sources. The entire SWIRE survey will discover over 2.3 million galaxies at 3.6$μ$m and almost 350,000 at 24$μ$m; ~70,000 of these will be 5-band 3.6-24$μ$ detections. The colors cover a broad range, generally well represented by redshifted spectral energy distributions of known galaxy populations, however significant samples of unusually blue objects in the [3.6-4.5]$μ$m color are found, as well as many objects very red in the 3.6-24$μ$m mid-IR. Nine of these are investigated and are interpreted as star-forming systems, starbursts and AGN from z=0.37 to 2.8, with luminosities from L$_{IR}$=10$^{10.3}$ to 10$^{13.7}$ L$_{\odot}$
description: Accepted for publication in the ApJ Supplements Spitzer Special Issue 17 pages, 4 figures
Preferences on Compartmentalization of Reusable Food Containers
Creators: name: Lillywhite, Alexandra
name: Hu, Junzhi (Evan)
name: Madsen, Liam
name: Furqan, Sana
name: Barta, Zsófia
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2021

description: The purpose of this study was to determine a new container design for the campus wide reusable food container (RFC) sharing program in aims of increasing the use of these containers on campus. Three distinct food container designs were used, based on existing designs seen on popular shopping sites, these designs included a single-space, compartmentalized, and stacked conditions. A survey was conducted in order to create data on peoples’ preferences. Our survey used various measures including: likelihood to use, likelihood to tell a friend, internal design preference, usefulness, and willingness to pay for each of our container conditions. In addition, qualitative data was taken for each of the conditions which was used to construct an idea of possible changes to each container design. Our quantitative data was analyzed using a repeated measures ANOVA test, where we noticed that compartmentalized containers were generally favoured for the majority of our measures. In addition, our qualitative data revealed that the compartmentalized containers had the most constructive criticism and positive suggestions, while the other containers received substantially more negative feedback. As a result, we propose the integration of a compartmentalized container into the RFC sharing program on campus. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
A dynamical view of Tijdeman's solution of the chairman assignment problem
Creators: name: Berthé, Valérie
name: Carton, Olivier
name: Chevallier, Nicolas
name: Steiner, Wolfgang
name: Yassawi, Reem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In 1980, R. Tijdeman provided an on-line algorithm that generates sequences over a finite alphabet with minimal discrepancy, that is, such that the occurrence of each letter optimally tracks its frequency. In this article, we define discrete dynamical systems generating these sequences. The dynamical systems are defined as exchanges of polytopal pieces, yielding cut and project schemes, and they code tilings of the line whose sets of vertices form model sets. We prove that these sequences of low discrepancy are natural codings of toral translations with respect to polytopal atoms, and that they generate a minimal and uniquely ergodic subshift with purely discrete spectrum. Finally, we show that the factor complexity of these sequences is of polynomial growth order $n^{d-1}$, where $d$ is the cardinality of the alphabet.
Editorial
Creators: name: Falcão, António José De Pina
Publisher: name: Cadernos BAD
Year: 2006

description: Tendo como pano de fundo toda a problemática do Processo de Bolonha, e na sequência das questões levantadas na Conferência Os Profissionais da Informação em Contexto Europeu: Perfis, Formação, Mobilidade, realizada pela BAD em Setembro de 2005, a Comissão Editorial dos Cadernos BAD propôs-se contar com a colaboração dos Directores dos diversos cursos de formação superior na área das ciências da informação e documentação disponíveis em Portugal, aos quais endereçou um convite para colaborarem nesta edição dos Cadernos BAD que deliberou subordinar ao tema: O Ensino Superior em Informação e Documentação e o Processo de Bolonha. A reflexão deveria responder, basicamente, a duas questões, uma de carácter genérico, sobre o modo como cada Director vê a área de formação BAD em Portugal face às mudanças desencadeadas pelo Processo de Bolonha e outra, mais concreta, relativa ao modo como o curso que dirigem ou coordenam se vai adaptar a elas. De facto, a implementação do Processo de Bolonha representa uma profunda reforma no ensino superior em Portugal, que se consubstancia principalmente na adopção de um sistema de graus académicos baseado em três ciclos, comparável e legível em todo o Espaço Europeu de Ensino Superior, no estabelecimento de um sistema de créditos e na criação de um sistema de avaliação e certificação da qualidade. Face a questões de grande actualidade, o objectivo foi contar, numa perspectiva de futuro, com o contributo de vários especialistas nacionais na área em estudo que nos permitiriam obter uma espécie de mosaico da formação superior nesta área em Portugal, através da teorização e avaliação crítica dos modelos formativos existentes e da apresentação de propostas para a melhoria da qualidade do ensino ministrado. Com efeito, o Processo de Bolonha constitui um desafio e uma oportunidade para a educação em informação e documentação em Portugal. Desde logo, no que diz respeito à integração dos estudos no sistema de graus académicos previsto e à articulação entre a educação efectuada nos diversos ciclos de estudos. Mas o aspecto mais importante desse desafio situa-se ao nível da melhoria da qualidade, designadamente da estrutura e dos conteúdos curriculares, do corpo docente, da metodologia de ensino-aprendizagem, da base científico-didáctica e da promoção da investigação. Tendo presente a reflexão que se vem produzindo no espaço europeu por universidades e associações profissionais, pela EUCLID – the European Association for Library and Information Education and Research e pelo Conselho Internacional de Arquivos, cabe às instituições portuguesas de ensino a responsabilidade primeira pela formação de profissionais com as competências adequadas para operarem em modernos serviços de informação e documentação e para usufruírem da mobilidade profissional que o espaço europeu lhes proporciona. Enquanto associação profissional, a BAD não se demitirá da sua quota-parte de responsabilidade nesta matéria.
description: Cadernos BAD, N.º 1 (2006): O Ensino Superior em Informação e Documentação e o Processo de Bolonha
Leituras
Creators: name: Patrício, Helena
name: Cannas, Ana
name: Proença, Maria Carla
Publisher: name: Cadernos BAD
Year: 2005

description: FERREIRA, Sueli Mara Soares Pinto, ed. lit. ; SAVARD, Réjean, ed. lit. – The virtual customer: a new paradigm for improving customer relations in libraries and information services: satellite meeting, São Paulo, Brasil, August 18-20, 2004 : um novo paradigma para melhorar o relacionamento entre clientes e serviços de informação e bibliotecas : reunião satélite : un nouveau paradigme pour améliorer le service à la clientèle dans les bibliothèques et services d'information : colloque satellite : un nuevo paradigma para mejorar el relacionamento entre clientes y servicios de información y biblioteca : reunión satélite. München: K. G. Saur, 2005. xvi, 385 p. ISBN 3-598-21845-1 ICA – International Council on Archives Documentos de arquivo electrónicos: manual para arquivistas. [Lisboa]: Torre do Tombo, D.L. 2005. (ICA, Estudo n.º 16). Trad. de Electronic records: a workbook for archivists. S.l.: ICA, 2005 SAORÍN PÉREZ, Tomás – Los portales bibliotecários. Colab. de José Vicente Rodrigúez Muñoz. Madrid: Arco Libros, 2004. 251 p. ISBN 84-7635-573-4.
description: Cadernos BAD, N.º 2 (2005): Políticas de Salvaguarda do Património e Memória Digital
A abordagem contemporânea sobre a cognição humana e as contribuições para os estudos de usuários da informação
Creators: name: Borges, Mônica Erichsen Nassif
Publisher: name: Cadernos BAD
Year: 2005

description: Este artigo discute questões presentes na ciência da informação que mostram as suas relações com as ciências cognitivas, especificamente no que se refere aos estudos sobre os usuários da informação. Apresenta, inicialmente, conceitos-chave da ciência da informação, cujas influências podem ser encontradas nas abordagens cognitivas tradicionais, que têm influenciado sobremaneira as pesquisas e a prática profissional no que se refere aos usuários da informação. No final, aponta caminhos para que os estudos sobre os usuários possam ter como base os princípios das abordagens contemporâneas sobre o conhecer humano no sentido de demonstrar que é possível observar os usuários não somente do ponto de vista individual ou subjectivo, como muitos autores preferem, mas também como seres inseridos em contextos sociais.
description: Cadernos BAD, N.º 2 (2005): Políticas de Salvaguarda do Património e Memória Digital
title: A demographic and socio-economic study of March 1550-1750
Creators: name: Reynolds, Glynis
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1987

description: This thesis aims to show the importance of the demographic characteristics of the Isle of Ely in general and of March in particular. It highlights the parochial and topographical contrasts of the Isle of Ely, characteristics which are used as a key to unravelling some of the perplexities of the demographic regime of fenland Cambridgeshire. The introduction places the study of March’ s demographic, social and economic structure into the context of the work already completed on the Isle of Ely and other areas of eastern England, while chapter 2 discusses the limitations of the family reconstitution of March. Chapter 3 examines the Isle of Ely’ s demographic history and establishes the periods of population growth and decline. It quickly traces the general growth and decline of the demographic situation from the late Anglo-saxon period to the sixteenth century, before concentrating in detail on the population changes from the mid-sixteenth to the mid-eighteenth century. It then considers the problem that the mounting population caused and the pressure that it put on land use. Chapter 4 investigates the means by which the inhabitants of March earned a living and establishes that the occupational structure of March changed over time. The incidence of infant and child mortality is discussed within chapter 5. This chapter compares the levels of infant and child mortality in March with the results of other family reconstitution studies before looking at the incidence and levels of infant mortality within other Isle of Ely communities. It then suggests some of the probable causes behind the high level of infant mortality evident within March. Chapter 6 investigates the male age at first marriage and questions whether this much neglected aspect of all demographic statistics was responding to the level of real wages or mortality levels. Marriage seasonality patterns within the Isle of Ely are explored in chapter 7. Finally, the conclusion draws together the findings and relates them back to the questions outlined in the thesis, with suggestions for further research into the demographic aspects of communities lying within ’ drowned’ economies.
Finite morphisms and Nash multiplicity sequences
Creators: name: Bravo, A.
name: Encinas, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14E15, 14E18

description: We study finite morphisms of varieties and the link between their top multiplicity loci under certain assumptions. More precisely, we focus on how to determine that link in terms of the spaces of arcs of the varieties.
description: 17 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1811.12203, arXiv:1802.02566
When Can we Call a System Self-organizing?
Creators: name: Gershenson, Carlos
name: Heylighen, Francis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We do not attempt to provide yet another definition of selforganization, but explore the conditions under which we can model a system as self-organizing. These involve the dynamics of entropy, and the purpose, aspects, and description level chosen by an observer. We show how, changing the level or "graining" of description, the same system can appear selforganizing or self-disorganizing. We discuss ontological issues we face when studying self-organizing systems, and analyse when designing and controlling artificial self-organizing systems is useful. We conclude that self-organization is a way of observing systems, not an absolute class of systems.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Pricipales mecanismos para la localización y recuperación de la información de la Unión Europea
Creators: name: Martín González, Yolanda
Publisher: name: Cadernos BAD
Year: 2005

description: Nos últimos tempos a União Europeia assistiu à diminuição da sua credibilidade e como os cidadãos se mostram cada vez mais cépticos. Por esta razão, as autoridades comunitárias apostam na implementação de estratégias da informação concretizadas em mecanismos que sirvam para transmitir à população os objectivos atingidos e os futuros projectos da União. Entre esses mecanismos, sobressaem, por um lado, as redes de centros de informação tanto no território europeu como em países terceiros e, por outro, o portal oficial da Comunidade Europeia: Europa.
description: Cadernos BAD, N.º 2 (2005): Políticas de Salvaguarda do Património e Memória Digital
title: Neo-Victorian (Women) Writers
Creators: name: Vandeplas, Jasmin
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2020

description: The aim of this paper is to explore this argument. In this paper I will focus on feminist interpretations of the neo-Victorian mode of contemporary historical fiction, as written by female authors. First, I will therefore give an overview of what neo-Victorianism in literature is and explore reasons and explanations for why the return to the Victorian period in modern-day fiction is frequent and how its cultural relevance and this ‘return to the past’ can (re-)shape the definition of self. Second, I will focus on the conditions under which the 19th century re-appears in and continues to inform our globalized present through female-written literature. Feminist theories will be included in the discussion to understand why neo-Victorian historical fiction is an important medium for female writers to project a critique of bygone times into the present. This will entail a detailed analysis of Belinda Starling’s 2006 novel The Journal of Dora Damage, touching on and drawing comparisons to other works. I will furthermore explore how Starling contrasts a young Victorian heroine – who is submerged in the time’s restrictive gender roles and strict sexual codes – with Victorian pornography and sexuality. Lastly, I will discuss how this, in turn, can be interpreted as a drive for self-knowledge and an even parodic attempt to shape the future by returning to the past – or if such an ambitious approach is even possible.
General expressions for Stevens and Racah operator equivalents
Creators: name: Duros, Octave
name: Juhin, Amélie
name: Elnaggar, Hebatalla
name: Chiuzbăian, Gheorghe Sorin
name: Brouder, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several definitions of the crystal field have been used over time and their variety has lead to many misunderstandings, in both theoretical and experimental literature. Two categories of definitions can be mentioned, the first being the operators equivalents introduced by Stevens in 1952 and the second being the crystal-field operators, introduced by different authors from 1962 and expanded on the Racah spherical tensors. This paper aims at providing some clarification in this field. We first make a review of several expressions introduced in various references to compute crystal-field operators and we describe connections between them. Then, we introduce an explicit way to compute crystal-field operators, in terms of angular momentum quantum numbers $j$ and $m$ as well as in terms of $J^2$ and $J_z$ operators. We eventually give some connections between the Stevens operators equivalents and the crystal-field operators, and make usage of the coefficients of fractional parentage for the expression of the crystal-field operators for the many-body states. Various computational codes, using different crystal-field conventions, are also reviewed.
description: 18 pages
УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ СИСТЕМИ РЕГУЛЮВАННЯ ПОВОДЖЕННЯ З ВІДХОДАМИ ЯК ЕКОЛОГІЧНОГО ПАРАМЕТРА ДОСТУПНОСТІ ЖИТЛА
Creators: name: Титок Вікторія Вікторівна
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 120201 Building Construction Management and Project Planning
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: . Проаналізовано поняття «доступне житло». Надана об’єктивна оцінка реального стану накопичення і поводження з твердими побутовими відходами в Україні та за кордоном. Досліджено системи управління відходами, які включають у себе місця, споруди та будівлі, що використовуються для збирання, транспортування, сортування, видалення, знешкодження та захоронення, утилізації відходів та переробки вторинних ресурсів. Система регулювання поводження з відходами, спрямована на максимально можливе їх використання, надає комплексний вплив на господарство й екологію міст, дозволяючи отримати економічний виграш і зменшити збитки населенню, навколишньому середовищу та природних ресурсів. У статті запропоновано пріоритетні напрями удосконалення управління відходами за рахунок створення інфраструктури поводження з твердими побутовими відходами. Визначено, що для регулювання поводження з відходами треба впровадити роздільне збирання, визначити райони для розміщення сортувальних ліній, сміттєпереробних заводів і полігонів. Це вимагає будівництва такої мережі за гроші місцевого самоврядування. Вони ж повинні організувати пункти прийому відходів, придатних для повторного використання.
Measurement of the Phase Diagram of DNA Unzipping in the Temperature- Force Plane
Creators: name: Danilowicz, C.
name: Kafri, Y.
name: Conroy, R. S.
name: Coljee, V. W.
name: Weeks, J.
name: Prentiss, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We separate double stranded lambda phage DNA by applying a fixed force at a constant temperature ranging from 15C to 50C, and measure the minimum force required to separate the two strands, providing the first experimental determination of the phase boundary between single stranded DNA and double stranded DNA in the temperature- force plane. The measurements also offer information on the free energy of dsDNA at temperatures where dsDNA does not thermally denature in the absence of force. While parts of the phase diagram can be explained using existing models and free energy parameters, others deviate significantly. Possible reasons for the deviations between theory and experiment are considered.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures
Mineralogía de los yacimientos de fluorita asturiana
Creators: name: García García, Gonzalo
name: Calvo Rebollar, Miguel
Publisher: name: Grupo Mineralogista de Madrid
Year: 1998

description: Asturias is continually producing beatiful samples of crystallized fluorite, as well as othes associatesd minerals. We presents a detailled description of the three districts and the mines of each them, Berbes-Caravia, Villabona -Arlós and La Collada
title: Expository Reading In Schools: the Nature of the Reader's Difficulties
Creators: name: Weedon, Charles
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1989

description: The research reported in this thesis arose from the researcher's experiences as a Learning Support teacher in Scottish secondary schools. There was evident staff frustration at the apparent inability of pupils to read expository prose in an effective way. The research was designed to explore this apparent inability, in the hope that the insights so gained might indicate how best to help pupils in such difficulty. A theoretical model of reading and comprehension was established, and this was used to identify ten sources of potential difficulty - ten features of expository text which seemed likely to impede comprehension. There were two experimental stages. The ten sources of difficulty provided the framework for Stage 1, a sequence of ten experimental studies. In each, sets of matched texts were generated, with the targeted text feature either prominent or not prominent. These were designated ‘high difficulty' and ‘low difficulty* texts. Pupils read one of each, and were assessed on their comprehension immediately after reading. There was no access to the text during assessment, as the concern was with comprehension and retention during normal reading, rather than ability to refer back to text effectively after reading. The experimental populations were 11 - 12 year olds, the experimental population in each study typically being around 50 pupils. Stage 2 used a single test of similar design. It targeted those text features from Stage 1 that had discriminated most effectively between successful and unsuccessful readers. In addition, it explored reader responses to the targeted text features in texts at two levels of difficulty: simple text and noris.1 text. The experimental population was the entire 81 intake of a large city comprehensive (¥=160). The results overall indicated that less successful readers made use of the text features in a manner broadly similar to that of successful readers. Their failure, then, could not be attributed to an inability to Bake use of these higher level processing skills. They did use them. The cause of failure lay elsewhere - presumably at lower levels of processing.
Arquivo Digital Humberto Delgado Um caso de divulgação documental pela Internet
Creators: name: Rosa, Frederico
Publisher: name: Cadernos BAD
Year: 2005

description: O Arquivo Digital Humberto Delgado é um veículo de divulgação pela Internet de imagens digitalizadas de documentos existentes em arquivos portugueses e estrangeiros, relacionados com o General Humberto Delgado, figura marcante do século XX português. O motor de busca do Arquivo Digital Humberto Delgado permite uma complexa combinação de tipos de pesquisa, com fácil acesso a mais de 45 000 imagens digitalizadas de documentos e respectiva descrição.
description: Cadernos BAD, N.º 2 (2005): Políticas de Salvaguarda do Património e Memória Digital
Efficient LLM Jailbreak via Adaptive Dense-to-sparse Constrained Optimization
Creators: name: Hu, Kai
name: Yu, Weichen
name: Li, Yining
name: Chen, Kai
name: Yao, Tianjun
name: Li, Xiang
name: Liu, Wenhe
name: Yu, Lijun
name: Shen, Zhiqiang
name: Fredrikson, Matt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent research indicates that large language models (LLMs) are susceptible to jailbreaking attacks that can generate harmful content. This paper introduces a novel token-level attack method, Adaptive Dense-to-Sparse Constrained Optimization (ADC), which has been shown to successfully jailbreak multiple open-source LLMs. Drawing inspiration from the difficulties of discrete token optimization, our method relaxes the discrete jailbreak optimization into a continuous optimization process while gradually increasing the sparsity of the optimizing vectors. This technique effectively bridges the gap between discrete and continuous space optimization. Experimental results demonstrate that our method is more effective and efficient than state-of-the-art token-level methods. On Harmbench, our approach achieves the highest attack success rate on seven out of eight LLMs compared to the latest jailbreak methods. Trigger Warning: This paper contains model behavior that can be offensive in nature.
Memória institucional e gestão universitária o caso da Universidade Federal da Bahia
Creators: name: Matos, Maria Teresa Navarro De Britto
Publisher: name: Cadernos BAD
Year: 2005

description: A memória institucional de natureza arquivística raramente está disponível de forma sistêmica e articulada para as instâncias decisórias das universidades federais brasileiras. Ainda que, reconhecidamente, a memória institucional possua as características e possa ser compreendida como informação estratégica, indispensável à gestão e ao planejamento organizacional, os recentes avanços das tecnologias digitais foram apenas timidamente voltados para a qualificação digital da informação de natureza arquivística identificada com a memória institucional. Com efeito, a memória institucional dificilmente é percebida e compreendida como informação estratégica dotada de real valor decisório para as atividades de gestão e planejamento das instituições universitárias. Assim, foi elaborado e distribuído um questionário aos gestores dos dois últimos e do atual reitorado da UFBA. As respostas foram agregadas, analisadas e discutidas, identificando que há um discurso formal, mas ainda insuficiente, na UFBA regulamentando, do ponto de vista organizacional, a dinâmica indispensável à manutenção da vitalidade da memória institucional como fonte de informação estratégica. Na Conclusão, apresentam-se recomendações discorrendo sobre diretrizes para um sistema digital de memória estratégica e analisando o impacto administrativo (notadamente na avaliação institucional e na autonomia da universidade), na UFBA, de uma memória institucional ativa, estruturada e orgânica.
description: Cadernos BAD, N.º 2 (2005): Políticas de Salvaguarda do Património e Memória Digital
ПРОБЛЕМЫ СБАЛАНСИРОВАННОСТИ ЭЛЕКТРОСЕТИ ПРИ НАЛИЧИИ ПРЕРЫВИСТОЙ АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНОЙ ГЕНЕРАЦИИ
Creators: name: Иносов Сергей Викторович
name: Бондарчук Ольга Вячеславовна
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 120201 Building Construction Management and Project Planning
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: альтернативной (ветровой и солнечной) энергетики уже достигли существенной доли от общей мощности электросети. Однако, вопреки ожиданиям, во всех этих странах стоимость электроэнергии не уменьшилась, а возросла в несколько раз, несмотря на утверждения о якобы бесплатности источников энергии. При этом вероятность блэкаутов (отключений) в сети возросла в десятки раз. В данной работе анализируются причины указанного явления. Методом анализа является сопоставление на основании обзора публикаций ведущих зарубежных специалистов в области энергетики. Основной проблемой альтернативной энергетики является не удешевление солнечных панелей и ветрогенераторов, а дестабилизирующее влияние прерывистой альтернативной генерации на существующие электросети.
A Biblioteca Nacional e a memória digital do património bibliográfico português: a experiência da Biblioteca Nacional Digital
Creators: name: Campos, Fernanda Maria
Publisher: name: Cadernos BAD
Year: 2005

description: A Biblioteca Nacional Digital (BND), serviço da Biblioteca Nacional para utilizadores à distância desde 2002, é analisada nas suas vertentes estratégica e de conteúdos. A análise contextualiza a BND no ambiente nacional e internacional e equaciona os principais desafios e oportunidades que, no futuro próximo, se oferecem às bibliotecas digitais, em geral, e à BND, em particular.
description: Cadernos BAD, N.º 2 (2005): Políticas de Salvaguarda do Património e Memória Digital
Gamma-Ray Spectra & Variability of the Crab Nebula Emission Observed by BATSE
Creators: name: Ling, J. C.
name: Wheaton, Wm. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report ~ 600 days of BATSE earth-occultation observations of the total gamma-ray (30 keV to 1.7 MeV) emission from the Crab nebula, between 1991 May 24 (TJD 8400) and 1994 October 2 (TJD 9627). Lightcurves from 35-100, 100-200, 200-300, 300-400, 400-700, and 700-1000 keV, show that positive fluxes were detected by BATSE in each of these six energy bands at significances of approximately 31, 20, 9.2, 4.5, 2.6, and 1.3 sigma respectively per day. We also observed significant flux and spectral variations in the 35-300 keV energy region, with time scales of days to weeks. The spectra below 300 keV, averaged over typical CGRO viewing periods of 6-13 days, can be well described by a broken power law with average indices of ~ 2.1 and ~ 2.4 varying around a spectral break at ~ 100 keV. Above 300 keV, the long-term averaged spectra, averaged over three 400 d periods (TJD 8400-8800, 8800-9200, and 9200-9628, respectively) are well represented by the same power law with index of ~ 2.34 up to ~ 670 keV, plus a hard spectral component extending from ~ 670 keV to ~ 1.7 MeV, with a spectral index of ~ 1.75. The latter component could be related to a complex structure observed by COMPTEL in the 0.7-3 MeV range. Above 3 MeV, the extrapolation of the power-law continuum determined by the low-energy BATSE spectrum is consistent with fluxes measured by COMPTEL in the 3-25 MeV range, and by EGRET from 30-50 MeV. We interpret these results as synchrotron emission produced by the interaction of particles ejected from the pulsar with the field in different dynamical regions of the nebula system, as observed recently by HST, XMM-Newton, and Chandra.
description: To be published in the November 20, 2003, Vol 598 issue of the Astrophysical Journal
Arquivos Digitais: da origem à maturidade
Creators: name: Barbedo, Francisco
Publisher: name: Cadernos BAD
Year: 2005

description: A preservação digital é uma área científica crítica para os profissionais de informação. A complexidade crescente dos objectos digitais e a rápida desactualização tecnológica provoca problemas que incluem tanto a manutenção do valor operativo dos documentos electrónicos numa organização, como o provável desaparecimento de memória social. Diversas tentativas e projectos têm sido desenvolvidos no sentido de dar resposta, apesar de parcial, a estes problemas. O IAN/TT tem seguido os esforços desenvolvidos nesta vertente, preparando alguns projectos que permitam lançar as bases de uma futura estrutura capaz de receber, gerir e acessibilizar os documentos de arquivo electrónicos produzidos pelo sector público.
description: Cadernos BAD, N.º 2 (2005): Políticas de Salvaguarda do Património e Memória Digital
X-ray Properties of Pre--Main-Sequence Stars in the Orion Nebula Cluster with Known Rotation Periods
Creators: name: Stassun, Keivan G.
name: Ardila, David R.
name: Barsony, Mary
name: Basri, Gibor
name: Mathieu, Robert D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-analyze all archival Chandra/ACIS observations of the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) to study the X-ray properties of a large sample of pre--main-sequence (PMS) stars with optically determined rotation periods. Our goal is to elucidate the origins of X-rays in PMS stars by seeking out connections between the X-rays and the mechanisms most likely driving their production--rotation and accretion. In our sample X-ray luminosity is significantly correlated with stellar rotation, in the sense of decreasing Lx/Lbol with more rapid rotation, suggesting that these stars are in the "super-saturated" regime of the rotation-activity relationship. However, we also find that stars with optical rotation periods are significantly biased to high Lx. This is not the result of magnitude bias in the optical rotation-period sample but rather to the diminishingly small amplitude of optical variations in stars with low Lx. Evidently, there exists in the ONC a population of stars whose rotation periods are unknown and that possess lower average X-ray luminosities than those of stars with known rotation periods. These stars may sample the linear regime of the rotation-activity relationship. Accretion also manifests itself in X-rays, though in a somewhat counterintuitive fashion: While stars with spectroscopic signatures of accretion show harder X-ray spectra than non-accretors, they show lower X-ray luminosities and no enhancement of X-ray variability. We interpret these findings in terms of a common origin for the X-ray emission observed from both accreting and non-accreting stars, with the X-rays from accreting stars simply being attenuated by magnetospheric accretion columns. This suggests that X-rays from PMS stars have their origins primarily in chromospheres, not accretion.
description: Accepted by the Astronomical Journal. 43 pages, 16 figures
Characteristics of Farms with Sales of $40,000 or More, 1987-89
Creators: name: Bentley, Susan E.
name: Kalbacher, Judith Z.
name: Banker, David E.
name: Reimund, Donn A.
name: Morehart, Mitchell J.
name: Bentley, Susan E.
name: Kalbacher, Judith Z.
name: Banker, David E.
name: Reimund, Donn A.
name: Morehart, Mitchell J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Farm Costs and Returns Survey
subject: farm structure variables
subject: land base and use variables
subject: farm financial variables

description: This report is the prototype for a new annual report that provides time-series data on the major structural features of the farm sector as portrayed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Farm Costs and Returns Survey. Farm structural data are not available from any other national sources of data on an annual basis. We describe structural characteristics of U.S. commercial farms (farms with sales of $40,000 or more) and how they have changed over the 1987-89 period. The variables presented were selected to provide a comprehensive overview of the organization, resource base, and financial situation of the Nation's commercial farm sector. These variables fall into three basic categories: farm structure, land base and use, and farm financial and economic well-being. As expected, the data indicated no major changes in the primary structural variables over the short period examined in this report. Changes in these variables generally occur over a relatively long period of time. However, the financial variables that measure the income and wealth status of farms are more sensitive to current economic and policy shifts. Consequently, these variables fluctuated more on a year-to-year basis.
A Search for Discrete X-ray Spectral Features in a Sample of Bright Gamma-ray Burst Afterglows
Creators: name: Sako, Masao
name: Harrison, Fiona
name: Rutledge, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) We present uniform, detailed spectral analyses of gamma-ray burst (GRB) X-ray afterglows observed with ASCA, Beppo-SAX, Chandra, and XMM-Newton, and critically evaluate the statistical significances of X-ray emission and absorption features in these spectra. The sample consists of 21 X-ray afterglow observations up to and including that of GRB 040106 with spectra of sufficient statistical quality to allow meaningful line searches, chosen here somewhat arbitrarily to be detections with more than 100 total (source plus background) counts. This sample includes all nine X-ray afterglows with published claims of line detections. Moderate resolution spectra are available for 16 of the 21 sources, and for the remaining five the Chandra transmission grating spectrometers obtained high-resolution data. All of the data are available from the public archive. We test a simple hypothesis in which the observed spectra are produced by a power-law continuum model modified by photoelectric absorption by neutral material both in our Galaxy and possibly also local to the burst. As a sample, these afterglow spectra are consistent with this relatively simple model. However, since the chi-squared statistic is not sensitive to weak and/or localized fluctuations, we have performed Monte Carlo simulations to search for discrete features and to estimate their significances. In all but a few cases, the observed deviations are entirely consistent with statistical fluctuations such as those typically observed in spectra with a low number of counts.
description: 90 pages, 84 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ (December 20, 2004, v617 issue)
INVESTIGATING VIEWER INTEREST AREAS IN VIDEOS WITH VISUAL TAGGING
Creators: name: DENI ADHA AKBARI
name: UJANG SUMARWAN
name: NURHASANAH
name: RIZKI EDMI EDISON
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Area of Interest, Eye Tracking, Visual Tagging.

description: Abstract

This article explores the quickly developing field of video analysis, concentrating on using visual tagging to measure and identify viewer interest areas.  The potential for this field to completely change how marketers and content producers determine viewer engagement and preferences is the reason for the growing interest in it. The approach incorporates a methodical examination of current literature, primarily drawn from original research articles published in esteemed international scientific journals.  These resources provide a comprehensive understanding of the current state, future directions, and uses of visual tagging technologies in video content analysis. They were carefully picked because of their dependability and relevance.
РОЗРОБЛЕННЯ АЛЬТЕРНАТИВНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИХ СПОСОБІВ РОЗЧИЩЕННЯ МІСЬКИХ ВОДОЙМ
Creators: name: Афанасьєва Юлія Олексіївна
name: Мальований Ілля Вікторович
name: Афанасьєв Віктор Валерійович
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 120201 Building Construction Management and Project Planning
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Екологічний стан міських водойм стрімко погіршується. Забруднення водоймищ відбувається внаслідок природних процесів та антропогенного впливу людини. Порушення функціонування екосистеми водойми призводить до погіршення водообміну, цвітіння води, зменшення прозорості, утворенню неприємних запахів, заростанню та обмілінню. Нині зневоднення донних відкладень здійснюється апаратними методами (використання центрифуг та прес-фільтрів) або за допомогою природної сушки на наливних картах. Апаратний метод зневоднення дає змогу на виході отримати матеріал, який придатний для транспортування. Але самі апарати чутливі до механічних включень, що містяться в пульпі, схильні до абразивного зносу і, як наслідок, частим простоям. Зневоднення на картах потребує виокремлення значних територій, що в тісній міській забудові неможливо. Окрім того, на картах неможливо зневоднити донні відкладення в короткий термін. Тому для міської забудови необхідно шукати кращу альтернативну технологію зневоднення донних відкладень. Достойною заміною таким методам зневоднення є технології Geopool і Geotube. Їх застосування не потребує значного відчуження прибережних територій під виконання робіт і не забруднює навколишнє середовище попутними продуктами виробництва.  
An Exact Theory of Causal Emergence for Linear Stochastic Iteration Systems
Creators: name: Liu, Kaiwei
name: Yuan, Bing
name: Zhang, Jiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: After coarse-graining a complex system, the dynamics of its macro-state may exhibit more pronounced causal effects than those of its micro-state. This phenomenon, known as causal emergence, is quantified by the indicator of effective information. However, two challenges confront this theory: the absence of well-developed frameworks in continuous stochastic dynamical systems and the reliance on coarse-graining methodologies. In this study, we introduce an exact theoretic framework for causal emergence within linear stochastic iteration systems featuring continuous state spaces and Gaussian noise. Building upon this foundation, we derive an analytical expression for effective information across general dynamics and identify optimal linear coarse-graining strategies that maximize the degree of causal emergence when the dimension averaged uncertainty eliminated by coarse-graining has an upper bound. Our investigation reveals that the maximal causal emergence and the optimal coarse-graining methods are primarily determined by the principal eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the dynamic system's parameter matrix, with the latter not being unique. To validate our propositions, we apply our analytical models to three simplified physical systems, comparing the outcomes with numerical simulations, and consistently achieve congruent results.
Contextual Random Boolean Networks
Creators: name: Gershenson, Carlos
name: Broekaert, Jan
name: Aerts, Diederik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose the use of Deterministic Generalized Asynchronous Random Boolean Networks [Gershenson, 2002] as models of contextual deterministic discrete dynamical systems. We show that changes in the context have drastic effects on the global properties of the same networks, namely the average number of attractors and the average percentage of states in attractors. We introduce the situation where we lack knowledge on the context as a more realistic model for contextual dynamical systems. We notice that this makes the network non-deterministic in a specific way, namely introducing a non-Kolmogorovian quantum-like structure for the modelling of the network [Aerts, 1986]. In this case, for example, a state of the network has the potentiality (probability) of collapsing into different attractors, depending on the specific form of lack of knowledge on the context.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
АНАЛІТИЧНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ УПРАВЛІННЯ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЮ АДАПТИВНІСТЮ ДЕВЕЛОПЕРСЬКИХ БУДІВЕЛЬНИХ КОМПАНІЙ: СУЧАСНИЙ СТАН, ПРАКТИКА І ПРОБЛЕМИ ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ
Creators: name: Рижаков Дмитро Андрійович
name: Коваль Тимур Сергійович
name: Хоменко Олександр Михайлович
name: Федорова Яна Юріївна
name: Кучеренко Олександр Іванович
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 120201 Building Construction Management and Project Planning
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Метою статті є розроблення концептуальної, теоретико-методологічної й методико-прикладної бази формування, використання і розвитку полікритеріальних систем діагностики діяльності будівельних підприємств. Запропонований багатовекторний підхід оцінювання дасть змогу модернізувати уявлення про зміст і сутність операційної системи інвестиційно-будівельного проєкту як мобільного підприємства, запропонувавши нові підсистеми бізнес-індикації: будівельно-технологічну; підсистему ініціації інвестиційно-будівельного проєкту, планування і діагностики; підсистему адміністрування, координації й забезпечення. Ідентифікування стану і перспектив діяльності будівельних підприємств на засадах діагностики слугуватиме основою для розроблення подальших заходів щодо підвищення ефективності їхнього функціонування, зростання рівня конкурентоспроможності, інвестиційної привабливості, створення передумов для забезпечення розвитку. Результати роботи допоможуть топ-менеджменту підрядних підприємств здійснювати ефективний моніторинг, структуризацію та маневрування активами підприємств підрядного будівництва в процесі їх операційної діяльності, дають обґрунтовану можливість скоригувати економічну стратегію та параметри виробничо-господарського портфеля будівельних підприємств.
Random ReLU Neural Networks as Non-Gaussian Processes
Creators: name: Parhi, Rahul
name: Bohra, Pakshal
name: Biari, Ayoub El
name: Pourya, Mehrsa
name: Unser, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a large class of shallow neural networks with randomly initialized parameters and rectified linear unit activation functions. We prove that these random neural networks are well-defined non-Gaussian processes. As a by-product, we demonstrate that these networks are solutions to stochastic differential equations driven by impulsive white noise (combinations of random Dirac measures). These processes are parameterized by the law of the weights and biases as well as the density of activation thresholds in each bounded region of the input domain. We prove that these processes are isotropic and wide-sense self-similar with Hurst exponent 3/2. We also derive a remarkably simple closed-form expression for their autocovariance function. Our results are fundamentally different from prior work in that we consider a non-asymptotic viewpoint: The number of neurons in each bounded region of the input domain (i.e., the width) is itself a random variable with a Poisson law with mean proportional to the density parameter. Finally, we show that, under suitable hypotheses, as the expected width tends to infinity, these processes can converge in law not only to Gaussian processes, but also to non-Gaussian processes depending on the law of the weights. Our asymptotic results provide a new take on several classical results (wide networks converge to Gaussian processes) as well as some new ones (wide networks can converge to non-Gaussian processes).