cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Phänotypische Assoziationen mit Risikoverhalten
Creators: name: Parth, Vanessa
Year: 2022

description: Forscher_innen verfolgen zunehmend das Ziel, mögliche Prädiktoren und Begründungen für spezielle Verhaltensmuster zu finden. Um diese zu untersuchen, analysieren und prüfen sie die Genetik der Menschen. Daher ist es wichtig zu verstehen, wie sich verschiedene Genvarianten auf unser Verhalten auswirken und wie sie präveniert werden können. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es zu beantworten, wie sich traumatische Erlebnisse und verschiedene Lebensweisen das Genom dahingehend beeinflussen, dass sich das Verhalten von anderen unterscheidet. Dazu wird folgende Forschungsfrage gestellt: Inwiefern zeigen sich Veränderungen von verschiedenen Charaktereigenschaften/Phänotypen in Bezug auf Bildung, Geburtsjahr und Geschlecht innerhalb von Genetikvariationen? Um die Forschungsfrage zu beantworten, wurde die quantitative Studie der WLS (Wisconsin Longitudinal Study) herangezogen und mit den Polygenic Risk Score verglichen. Es wurden speziell jene Variablen verwendet, die mit asozialem Verhalten und negativen Emotionen korrelieren. Die Teilnehmenden waren Absolvent_innen ab einem Geburtsjahr von 1911. Die Ergebnisse wurden mittels Regressionsanalysen ausgewertet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass jene Menschen, die häufig in der Kindheit misshandelt wurden, mehr Angst verspüren und Wut empfinden. Auch die Art der Lebensweise, wie beispielsweise Religiosität, hat einen Einfluss auf negative Emotionen und asoziales Verhalten. Dies zeigt, dass die Forschung diesbezüglich ein zentraler Eckpfeiler in der Wissenschaft ist und viel Aussagekraft über die Genetik in Bezug auf das Verhalten besitzt.
description: Scientists are increasingly pursuing the goal of finding possible predictors and reasons for specific behavioral patterns. To investigate these, they analyze and test people's genetics. Therefore, it is important to understand how different gene variants affect our behavior and how they can be prevented. The goal of this thesis is to answer how traumatic experiences and different lifestyles affect the genome to make behavior different from others. To this end, the following question is asked: How far do changes in different character traits/phenotypes related to education, year of birth, and gender show up within genetic variations? To answer this question, the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study (WLS) was used and compared to the Polygenic Risk Score. Specifically, those variables that correlate with antisocial behavior and negative emotions were concerned. The Participants were graduates with a birth year of 1911 or younger, and the results were evaluated using regression analyses. The results show that those people who were frequently mistreated in childhood feel more anxious and have more anger. The type of lifestyle, such as being religious, also has an influence on negative emotions and antisocial behavior. This shows that research in this regard is a central cornerstone in science and has much to say about genetics in relation to behavior.
On the constrained classical capacity of infinite-dimensional covariant quantum channels
Creators: name: Holevo, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The additivity of the minimal output entropy and that of the $χ$-capacity are known to be equivalent for finite-dimensional irreducibly covariant channels. In this paper we formulate a list of conditions allowing to establish similar equivalence for infinite-dimensional covariant channels with constrained input. This is then applied to Bosonic Gaussian channels with quadratic input constraint to extend the classical capacity results of the recent paper \cite{ghg} to the case where the complex structures associated with the channel and with the constraint operator need not commute. In particular, this implies a multimode generalization of the "threshold condition", obtained for single mode in \cite{schaefer}) and the proof of the fact that under this condition the classical "Gaussian capacity" resulting from optimization over Gaussian inputs is equal to the full classical capacity. We also investigate implications of the gauge-covariance condition for the single- and multimode Bosonic Gaussian channels.
description: 7 pages Revtex, corrected typos
10-29-20 Psychedelic Conference Survey instrument.docx
Creators: name: Barnett, Brian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: A survey instrument used to gauge knowledge and opinions of psychiatrists attending national professional conferences about psychedelics and psychedelic assisted psychotherapies.
Unified Molecular Field Theory for Collinear and Noncollinear Heisenberg Antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Johnston, David C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A unified molecular field theory (MFT) is presented that applies to both collinear and planar noncollinear Heisenberg antiferromagnets (AFs) on the same footing. The spins in the system are assumed to be identical and crystallographically equivalent. This formulation allows calculations of the anisotropic magnetic susceptibility chi versus temperature T below the AF ordering temperature TN to be carried out for arbitrary Heisenberg exchange interactions J{ij} between arbitrary neighbors j of a given spin i without recourse to magnetic sublattices. The Weiss temperature theta_p in the Curie-Weiss law is written in terms of the J{ij} values and TN in terms of the J{ij} values and an assumed AF structure. Other magnetic and thermal properties are then expressed in terms of quantities easily accessible from experiment as laws of corresponding states for a given spin S. For collinear ordering these properties are the reduced temperature t = T/TN, the ratio f = theta_p/TN and S. For planar noncollinear helical or cycloidal ordering, an additional parameter is the wavevector of the helix or cycloid. The MFT is also applicable to AFs with other AF structures. The MFT predicts that chi(T <= TN) of noncollinear 120 degree spin structures on triangular lattices is isotropic and independent of S and T and thus clarifies the origin of this universally observed behavior. The high-field magnetization and heat capacity for fields applied perpendicular to the ordering axis (collinear AFs) and ordering plane (planar noncollinear AFs) are also calculated and expressed for both types of AF structures as laws of corresponding states for a given S, and the reduced perpendicular field versus reduced temperature phase diagram is constructed.
description: Version 2: 30.1 pages, 15 figures, 27 references; published version. The fits of the theory to experimental data in version 1 were removed at the insistence of a referee and will be published elsewhere
Instance Segmentation, Body Part Parsing, and Pose Estimation of Human Figures in Pictorial Maps
Creators: name: Schnürer, Raimund
name: Öztireli, A. Cengiz
name: Heitzler, Magnus
name: Sieber, René
name: Hurni, Lorenz
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In recent years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been applied successfully to recognise persons, their body parts and pose keypoints in photos and videos. The transfer of these techniques to artificially created images is rather unexplored, though challenging since these images are drawn in different styles, body proportions, and levels of abstraction. In this work, we study these problems on the basis of pictorial maps where we identify included human figures with two consecutive CNNs: We first segment individual figures with Mask R-CNN, and then parse their body parts and estimate their poses simultaneously with four different UNet++ versions. We train the CNNs with a mixture of real persons and synthetic figures and compare the results with manually annotated test datasets consisting of pictorial figures. By varying the training datasets and the CNN configurations, we were able to improve the original Mask R-CNN model and we achieved moderately satisfying results with the UNet++ versions. The extracted figures may be used for animation and storytelling and may be relevant for the analysis of historic and contemporary maps.
title: Die Scham vor der eigenen Macht
Creators: name: Ahlfeld, Katharina Anna
Year: 2022

description: Die Tabuisierung der Macht von Frauen und ihre Belegung mit dem Affekt der Scham ist eine alte Praxis, die sich besonders gut an der europäischen Hexenverfolgung festmachen lässt, sowie an der darauffolgenden Hysterisierung und Konstruktion der Frau als untergeordnetes und minderes Wesen, mit Hilfe von philosophischen Schriften über die Natur des Menschen und der klassischen Psychoanalyse. All diese Methoden dienten der Auslöschung der Frau und ihrer bestimmendsten Rolle als Mutter und Reproduzentin. Feministische Theoretiker*innen haben seither versucht, eine Alternative zu diesen Theorien aufzuzeigen, sowohl im Bereich der Psychoanalyse als auch in anderen Wissenschaften, wie jener der Filmanalyse, allen voran Luce Irigaray und Laura Mulvey. Beide versuchen die Auslöschung und damit einhergehende Objektifizierung und Depersonalisierung der Frau, die durch die Psychoanalyse und den male gaze ermöglicht wurde, zu dekonstruieren. All diese Theorien werden in der vorliegenden Arbeit versammelt und miteinander verbunden, um anhand der Filmanalyse eines Stücks Populärkultur, Mulan 2020, ihre Aktualität aufzuzeigen.
Conformal dimension via subcomplexes for small cancellation and random groups
Creators: name: Mackay, John M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 20F65, Secondary 20F06, 20F67, 20P05, 57M20

description: We find new bounds on the conformal dimension of small cancellation groups. These are used to show that a random few relator group has conformal dimension 2+o(1) asymptotically almost surely (a.a.s.). In fact, if the number of relators grows like l^K in the length l of the relators, then a.a.s. such a random group has conformal dimension 2+K+o(1). In Gromov's density model, a random group at density d<1/8 a.a.s. has conformal dimension $\asymp dl / |\log d|$. The upper bound for C'(1/8) groups has two main ingredients: $\ell_p$-cohomology (following Bourdon-Kleiner), and walls in the Cayley complex (building on Wise and Ollivier-Wise). To find lower bounds we refine the methods of [Mackay, 2012] to create larger `round trees' in the Cayley complex of such groups. As a corollary, in the density model at d<1/8, the density d is determined, up to a power, by the conformal dimension of the boundary and the Euler characteristic of the group.
description: v1: 42 pages, 21 figures; v2: 44 pages, 20 figures. Improved exposition, final version
Exploring Non-Linear Programming Formulations in QuantumCircuitOpt for Optimal Circuit Design
Creators: name: Henderson, Elena R.
name: Nagarajan, Harsha
name: Coffrin, Carleton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Given the limitations of current hardware, the theoretical gains promised by quantum computing remain unrealized across practical applications. But the gap between theory and hardware is closing, assisted by developments in quantum algorithmic modeling. One such recent development is QuantumCircuitOpt (QCOpt), an open-source software framework that leverages state-of-the-art optimization-based solvers to find provably optimal compact circuit decompositions, which are exact up to global phase and machine precision. The quantum circuit design problem can be modeled using non-linear, non-convex constraints. However, QCOpt reformulates these non-linear constraints using well-known linearization techniques such that the resulting design problem is solved as a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model. In this work, we instead explore whether the QCOpt could also be effective with a continuous Non-Linear Programming (NLP) model obtained via relaxation of the integer variables in the non-linear constraints. We are able to present not only multiple significant enhancements to QCOpt, with up to 11.3x speed-up in run times on average, but also opportunities for more generally exploring the behavior of gradient-based NLP solvers.
LASSO for Stochastic Frontier Models with Many Efficient Firms
Creators: name: Horrace, William C.
name: Jung, Hyunseok
name: Lee, Yoonseok
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: We apply the adaptive LASSO to select a set of maximally efficient firms in the panel fixed-effect stochastic frontier model. The adaptively weighted L1 penalty with sign restrictions allows simultaneous selection of a group of maximally efficient firms and estimation of firm-level inefficiency parameters with a faster rate of convergence than least squares dummy variable estimators. Our estimator possesses the oracle property. We propose a tuning parameter selection criterion and an efficient optimization algorithm based on coordinate descent. We apply the method to estimate a group of efficient police officers who are best at detecting contraband in motor vehicle stops (i.e., search efficiency) in Syracuse, NY.
Cyclicity degrees of finite groups
Creators: name: Tărnăuceanu, Marius
name: Tóth, László
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 20D60, 20P05, Secondary 20D30, 20F16, 20F18

description: We introduce and study the concept of cyclicity degree of a finite group $G$. This quantity measures the probability of a random subgroup of $G$ to be cyclic. Explicit formulas are obtained for some particular classes of finite groups. An asymptotic formula and several minimality/maximality results on cyclicity degrees are also inferred.
description: 19 pages, revised. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1312.1427
Structure of $3D$ gravastars in the context of massive gravity
Creators: name: Barzegar, H.
name: Panah, B. Eslam
name: Bordbar, G. H.
name: Bigdeli, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate a new model of $(2+1)-$dimensional ($3D$) gravitational vacuum stars (gravastars) with an isotropic matter distribution anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetime in the context of massive gravity. For this purpose, we explore free singularity models with a specific equation of state. Using Mazur-Mottola's approach, we predict $3D$ gravastars as alternatives to BTZ black holes in massive gravity. We find analytical solutions to the interior of gravastars free of singularities and event horizons. For a thin shell containing an ultra-relativistic stiff fluid, we discuss length, energy, and entropy. In conclusion, the parameter of massive gravity plays a significant role in predicting the proper length, energy contents and entropyand parameters of gravastars.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Hyperon Puzzle: Hints from Quantum Monte Carlo Calculations
Creators: name: Lonardoni, Diego
name: Lovato, Alessandro
name: Gandolfi, Stefano
name: Pederiva, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The onset of hyperons in the core of neutron stars and the consequent softening of the equation of state have been questioned for a long time. Controversial theoretical predictions and recent astrophysical observations of neutron stars are the grounds for the so-called hyperon puzzle. We calculate the equation of state and the neutron star mass-radius relation of an infinite systems of neutrons and $Λ$ particles by using the auxiliary field diffusion Monte Carlo algorithm. We find that the three-body hyperon-nucleon interaction plays a fundamental role in the softening of the equation of state and for the consequent reduction of the predicted maximum mass. We have considered two different models of three-body force that successfully describe the binding energy of medium mass hypernuclei. Our results indicate that they give dramatically different results on the maximum mass of neutron stars, not necessarily incompatible with the recent observation of very massive neutron stars. We conclude that stronger constraints on the hyperon-neutron force are necessary in order to properly assess the role of hyperons in neutron stars.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Psychedelic knowledge and opinions in psychiatric professional conference attendees: Survey instrument
Creators: name: Barnett, Brian
name: Beaussant, Yvan
name: King, Franklin
name: Doblin, Rick
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: A survey instrument used to gauge knowledge and opinions of psychiatrists attending national professional conferences about psychedelics and psychedelic assisted psychotherapies.
title: Wi(e)der*stehende Körper
Creators: name: Reisinger, Kathrin
Year: 2022

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit richtet einen Blick auf Widerstandsformen, die in der Geschichte der europäischen politischen Philosophie nicht als solche beachtet und wahrgenommen wurden, um zu zeigen, dass die besondere Ausgesetztheit und Gefährdetheit Einzelner produktiv werden und Widerstand ermöglichen kann, der in einem gemeinsamen in Erscheinung treten wirkmächtig wird. Dafür stützt sich die Arbeit im Besonderen auf die vielen sorgfältigen Ausarbeitungen zu Vulnerabilität und Widerstand von Judith Butler, aber auch auf die kritische Aufarbeitung der politischen Philosophiegeschichte von Iris Därmann, sowie auf ausgewählte Beispiele, um zu veranschaulichen, dass Vulnerabilität eine besondere Ressource für widerständige Praxis sein kann.
description: This Master's thesis takes a look at forms of resistance that have not been considered and perceived as such in the history of European Political Philosophy, in order to show that the particular vulnerability and endangerment of individuals can become productive and make resistance possible, which becomes effective in a common appearance. For this, the work draws in particular on the many careful elaborations on vulnerability and resistance by Judith Butler, but also on the critical review of the history of political philosophy by Iris Därmann, as well as on selected examples to illustrate that vulnerability can be a particular resource for resistant practice.
Towers of graded superalgebras categorify the twisted Heisenberg double
Creators: name: Rosso, Daniele
name: Savage, Alistair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16D90, 17A70, 16T05

description: We show that the Grothendieck groups of the categories of finitely-generated graded supermodules and finitely-generated projective graded supermodules over a tower of graded superalgebras satisfying certain natural conditions give rise to twisted Hopf algebras that are twisted dual. Then, using induction and restriction functors coming from such towers, we obtain a categorification of the twisted Heisenberg double and its Fock space representation. We show that towers of wreath product algebras (in particular, the tower of Sergeev superalgebras) and the tower of nilcoxeter graded superalgebras satisfy our axioms. In the latter case, one obtains a categorification of the quantum Weyl algebra.
description: 29 pages; v2: Minor changes (corrected typos, etc.) throughout
Hamiltonian analysis of interacting fluids
Creators: name: Banerjee, Rabin
name: Ghosh, Subir
name: Mitra, Arpan Krishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ideal fluid dynamics is studied as a relativistic field theory with particular importance on its hamiltonian structure. The Schwinger condition, whose integrated version yields the stress tensor conservation, is explicitly verified both in equal-time and light-cone coordinate systems. We also consider the hamiltonian formulation of fluids interacting with an external gauge field. The complementary roles of the canonical(Noether) stress tensor and the symmetric one obtained by metric variation are discussed. Finally, a non-relativistic reduction of the system in light-cone coordinates has been carried out which reproduces results found earlier in the literature.
description: 19 pages, no figures, expanded version,new references, published in EPJC (2015) 75:207
Psychedelic knowledge and opinions in psychiatric professional conference attendees: Survey instrument
Creators: name: Barnett, Brian
name: Beaussant, Yvan
name: King, Franklin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: A survey instrument used to gauge knowledge and opinions of psychiatrists attending national professional conferences about psychedelics and psychedelic assisted psychotherapies.
On homology of finite topological spaces
Creators: name: Cianci, Nicolás
name: Ottina, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55T05 (Primary) 55U10, 55U15 (Secondary)

description: We develop a new method to compute the homology groups of finite topological spaces (or equivalently of finite partially ordered sets) by means of spectral sequences giving a complete and simple description of the corresponding differentials. Our method proves to be powerful and involves far fewer computations than the standard one. We derive many applications of our technique which include a generalization of Hurewicz theorem for regular CW-complexes, results in homological Morse theory and formulas to compute the Möbius function of posets.
description: 28 pages. A new section was added (section 5). And some minor changes were performed
A Projected Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient Algorithm for Computing Many Extreme Eigenpairs of a Hermitian Matrix
Creators: name: Vecharynski, Eugene
name: Yang, Chao
name: Pask, John E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an iterative algorithm for computing an invariant subspace associated with the algebraically smallest eigenvalues of a large sparse or structured Hermitian matrix A. We are interested in the case in which the dimension of the invariant subspace is large (e.g., over several hundreds or thousands) even though it may still be small relative to the dimension of A. These problems arise from, for example, density functional theory based electronic structure calculations for complex materials. The key feature of our algorithm is that it performs fewer Rayleigh--Ritz calculations compared to existing algorithms such as the locally optimal precondition conjugate gradient or the Davidson algorithm. It is a block algorithm, hence can take advantage of efficient BLAS3 operations and be implemented with multiple levels of concurrency. We discuss a number of practical issues that must be addressed in order to implement the algorithm efficiently on a high performance computer.
Optical signatures of defects in BiFeO$_3$
Creators: name: Körbel, Sabine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical absorption in rhombohedral BiFeO$_3$ starts at photon energies below the photoemission band gap of $\approx$ 3 eV calculated from first principles. A shoulder at the absorption onset has so far been attributed to low-lying electronic transitions or to oxygen vacancies. In this work optical spectra are calculated ab initio to determine the nature of the optical transitions near the absorption onset of pristine BiFeO$_3$, the effect of electron-hole interaction, and the spectroscopic signatures of typical defects, i.e. doping (excess electrons or holes), intrinsic defects (oxygen and bismuth vacancies), and low-energy structural defects (ferroelectric domain walls).
Ab initio calculation of the neutron-proton mass difference
Creators: name: Borsanyi, Sz.
name: Durr, S.
name: Fodor, Z.
name: Hoelbling, C.
name: Katz, S. D.
name: Krieg, S.
name: Lellouch, L.
name: Lippert, T.
name: Portelli, A.
name: Szabo, K. K.
name: Toth, B. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence and stability of atoms rely on the fact that neutrons are more massive than protons. The measured mass difference is only 0.14\% of the average of the two masses. A slightly smaller or larger value would have led to a dramatically different universe. Here, we show that this difference results from the competition between electromagnetic and mass isospin breaking effects. We performed lattice quantum-chromodynamics and quantum-electrodynamics computations with four nondegenerate Wilson fermion flavors and computed the neutron-proton mass-splitting with an accuracy of $300$ kilo-electron volts, which is greater than $0$ by $5$ standard deviations. We also determine the splittings in the $Σ$, $Ξ$, $D$ and $Ξ_{cc}$ isospin multiplets, exceeding in some cases the precision of experimental measurements.
description: 57 pages, 15 figures, 6 tables, revised version
A note on a new ideal
Creators: name: Kwela, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E05

description: In this paper we study a new ideal $\mathcal{WR}$. The main result is the following: an ideal is not weakly Ramsey if and only if it is above $\mathcal{WR}$ in the Katětov order. Weak Ramseyness was introduced by Laflamme in order to characterize winning strategies in a certain game. We apply result of Natkaniec and Szuca to conclude that $\mathcal{WR}$ is critical for ideal convergence of sequences of quasi-continuous functions. We study further combinatorial properties of $\mathcal{WR}$ and weak Ramseyness. Answering a question of Filipów et al. we show that $\mathcal{WR}$ is not $2$-Ramsey, but every ideal on $ω$ isomorphic to $\mathcal{WR}$ is Mon (every sequence of reals contains a monotone subsequence indexed by a $\mathcal{I}$-positive set).
A reduced basis localized orthogonal decomposition
Creators: name: Abdulle, Assyr
name: Henning, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N30, 65M60, 74Q05, 74Q15

description: In this work we combine the framework of the Reduced Basis method (RB) with the framework of the Localized Orthogonal Decomposition (LOD) in order to solve parametrized elliptic multiscale problems. The idea of the LOD is to split a high dimensional Finite Element space into a low dimensional space with comparably good approximation properties and a remainder space with negligible information. The low dimensional space is spanned by locally supported basis functions associated with the node of a coarse mesh obtained by solving decoupled local problems. However, for parameter dependent multiscale problems, the local basis has to be computed repeatedly for each choice of the parameter. To overcome this issue, we propose an RB approach to compute in an "offline" stage LOD for suitable representative parameters. The online solution of the multiscale problems can then be obtained in a coarse space (thanks to the LOD decomposition) and for an arbitrary value of the parameters (thanks to a suitable "interpolation" of the selected RB). The online RB-LOD has a basis with local support and leads to sparse systems. Applications of the strategy to both linear and nonlinear problems are given.
Spin precession of a particle with an electric dipole moment: contributions from classical electrodynamics and from the Thomas effect
Creators: name: Silenko, Alexander J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The new derivation of the equation of the spin precession is given for a particle possessing electric and magnetic dipole moments. Contributions from classical electrodynamics and from the Thomas effect are explicitly separated. A fully covariant approach is used. The final equation is expressed in a very simple form in terms of the fields in the instantaneously accompanying frame. The Lorentz transformations of the electric and magnetic dipole moments and of the spin are derived from basic equations of classical electrodynamics. For this purpose, the Maxwell equations in matter are used and the result is confirmed by other methods. An antisymmetric four-tensor is correctly constructed from the electric and magnetic dipole moments.
description: 12 pages, final version
Quantum Mechanics from Focusing and Symmetry
Creators: name: Helland, Inge S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A foundation of quantum mechanics based on the concepts of focusing and symmetry is proposed. Focusing is connected to c-variables - inaccessible conceptually derived variables; several examples of such variables are given. The focus is then on a maximal accessible parameter, a function of the common c-variable. Symmetry is introduced via a group acting on the c-variable. From this, the Hilbert space is constructed and state vectors and operators are given a clear interpretation. The Born formula is proved from weak assumptions, and from this the usual rules of quantum mechanics are derived. Several paradoxes and other issues of quantum theory are discussed.
description: This article is outdated
Wigner representation of the rotational dynamics of rigid tops
Creators: name: Zhdanov, Dmitry V.
name: Seideman, Tamar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a methodology to design Wigner representations in phase spaces with nontrivial topology having evolution equations with desired mathematical properties. As an illustration, two representations of molecular rotations are developed to facilitate the analysis of molecular alignment in moderately intense laser fields, reaction dynamics, scattering phenomena and dissipative processes.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
S-pure Extensions of Locally Compact Abelian Groups
Creators: name: Sahleh, Hossain
name: Alijani, Ali Akbar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22B05

description: In this paper, we introduce the concept and study some properties of an s-pure subgroup and a s-pure extension in the category of locally compact abelian groups.
description: 11 pages, accepted for publications in Hacettepe Journal of Mathematics and Statistics
Approaches to Interpreter Composition
Creators: name: Barrett, Edd
name: Bolz, Carl Friedrich
name: Tratt, Laurence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we compose six different Python and Prolog VMs into 4 pairwise compositions: one using C interpreters; one running on the JVM; one using meta-tracing interpreters; and one using a C interpreter and a meta-tracing interpreter. We show that programs that cross the language barrier frequently execute faster in a meta-tracing composition, and that meta-tracing imposes a significantly lower overhead on composed programs relative to mono-language programs.
description: 33 pages, 1 figure, 9 tables
Turning Optical Complex Media into Universal Reconfigurable Linear Operators by Wavefront Shaping
Creators: name: Matthès, Maxime W.
name: del Hougne, Philipp
name: de Rosny, Julien
name: Lerosey, Geoffroy
name: Popoff, Sébastien M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Performing linear operations using optical devices is a crucial building block in many fields ranging from telecommunication to optical analogue computation and machine learning. For many of these applications, key requirements are robustness to fabrication inaccuracies and reconfigurability. Current designs of custom-tailored photonic devices or coherent photonic circuits only partially satisfy these needs. Here, we propose a way to perform linear operations by using complex optical media such as multimode fibers or thin scattering layers as a computational platform driven by wavefront shaping. Given a large random transmission matrix (TM) representing light propagation in such a medium, we can extract a desired smaller linear operator by finding suitable input and output projectors. We discuss fundamental upper bounds on the size of the linear transformations our approach can achieve and provide an experimental demonstration. For the latter, first we retrieve the complex medium's TM with a non-interferometric phase retrieval method. Then, we take advantage of the large number of degrees of freedom to find input wavefronts using a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) that cause the system, composed of the SLM and the complex medium, to act as a desired complex-valued linear operator on the optical field. We experimentally build several $16\times16$ complex-valued operators, and are able to switch from one to another at will. Our technique offers the prospect of reconfigurable, robust and easy-to-fabricate linear optical analogue computation units.
Band selection for oxygenation estimation with multispectral/hyperspectral imaging
Creators: name: Ayala, Leonardo A.
name: Isensee, Fabian
name: Wirkert, Sebastian J.
name: Vemuri, Anant S.
name: Maier-Hein, Klaus H.
name: Fei, Baowei
name: Maier-Hein, Lena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Multispectral imaging provides valuable information on tissue composition such as hemoglobin oxygen saturation. However, the real-time application of this technique in interventional medicine can be challenging due to the long acquisition times needed for large amounts of hyperspectral data with hundreds of bands. While this challenge can partially be addressed by choosing a discriminative subset of bands, the band selection methods proposed to date are mainly restricted by the availability of often hard to obtain reference measurements. We address this bottleneck with a new approach to band selection that leverages highly accurate Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. We hypothesize that a so chosen small subset of bands can reproduce or even improve upon the results of a quasi continuous spectral measurement. We further investigate whether novel domain adaptation techniques can address the inevitable domain shift stemming from the use of simulations. Initial results based on in silico and in vivo experiments suggest that 10-20 bands are sufficient to closely reproduce results from spectral measurements with 101 bands in the 500-700 nm range. The investigated domain adaptation technique, which only requires unlabeled in vivo measurements, yielded better results than the pure in silico band selection method. Overall, our method could guide development of fast multispectral imaging systems suited for interventional use without relying on complex hardware setups or manually labeled data
description: Leonardo A. Ayala and Fabian Isensee share the first authorship
A New Normal Marketing: Impact & adaptation
Creators: name: Pensri Jaroenwanit
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: consumers
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: COVID-19

description: This material presented in 2nd ICIGR 2020 Panel Session, 11th November 2020
Extensive/nonextensive statistics for $p_T$ distributions of various charged particles produced in p+p and A+A collisions in a wide range of energies
Creators: name: Tawfik, Abdel Nasser
name: Yassin, Hayam
name: Elyazeed, Eman R. Abo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic study for the statistical fits of the transverse momentum distributions of charged pions, Kaons and protons produced at energies ranging between 7.7 and 2670 GeV to the extensive Boltzmann-Gibbs (BG) and the nonextensive statistics (Tsallis as a special type and the generic axiomatic nonextensive approach). We also present a comprehensive review on various experimental parametrizations proposed to fit the transverse momentum distributions of these produced particles. The inconsistency that the BG approach is to be utilized in characterizing the chemical freezeout, while the Tsallis approach in determining the kinetic freezeout is elaborated. The resulting energy dependence of the different fit parameters largely varies with the particle species and the degree of (non)extensivity. This manifests that the Tsallis nonextensive approach seems to work well for p+p rather than for A+A collisions. Drawing a complete picture of the utilization of Tsallis statistics in modeling the transverse momentum distributions of several charged particle produced at a wide range of energies and accordingly either disprove or though confirm the relevant works are main advantages of this review. We propose analytical expressions for the dependence of the fit parameters obtained on the size of the colliding system, the energy, as well as the types of the statistical approach applied. We conclude that the statistical dependence of the various fit parameters, especially between Boltzmann and Tsallis approaches could be understood that the statistical analysis ad hoc is biased to the corresponding degree of extensivity (Boltzmann) or nonextensivity (Tsallis). Alternatively, the empirical parameterizations, the other models, and the generic (non)extensive approach seem to relax this biasness.
description: 42 pages, 17 figures, IX tables, submitted to JSTAT
Non-degenerate parametric amplifiers based on dispersion engineered Josephson junction arrays
Creators: name: Winkel, Patrick
name: Takmakov, Ivan
name: Rieger, Dennis
name: Planat, Luca
name: Hasch-Guichard, Wiebke
name: Grünhaupt, Lukas
name: Maleeva, Nataliya
name: Foroughi, Farshad
name: Henriques, Fabio
name: Borisov, Kiril
name: Ferrero, Julian
name: Ustinov, Alexey V.
name: Wernsdorfer, Wolfgang
name: Roch, Nicolas
name: Pop, Ioan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determining the state of a qubit on a timescale much shorter than its relaxation time is an essential requirement for quantum information processing. With the aid of a new type of non-degenerate parametric amplifier, we demonstrate the continuous detection of quantum jumps of a transmon qubit with 90% fidelity in state discrimination. Entirely fabricated with standard two-step optical lithography techniques, this type of parametric amplifier consists of a dispersion engineered Josephson junction (JJ) array. By using long arrays, containing $10^3$ JJs, we can obtain amplification at multiple eigenmodes with frequencies below $10~\mathrm{GHz}$, which is the typical range for qubit readout. Moreover, by introducing a moderate flux tunability of each mode, employing superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) junctions, a single amplifier device could potentially cover the entire frequency band between 1 and $10~\mathrm{GHz}$.
description: P.W. and I.T. contributed equally. 9 pages, 5 figures and appendices
Implementation of a transmon qubit using superconducting granular aluminum
Creators: name: Winkel, Patrick
name: Borisov, Kiril
name: Grünhaupt, Lukas
name: Rieger, Dennis
name: Spiecker, Martin
name: Valenti, Francesco
name: Ustinov, Alexey V.
name: Wernsdorfer, Wolfgang
name: Pop, Ioan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high kinetic inductance offered by granular aluminum (grAl) has recently been employed for linear inductors in superconducting high-impedance qubits and kinetic inductance detectors. Due to its large critical current density compared to typical Josephson junctions, its resilience to external magnetic fields, and its low dissipation, grAl may also provide a robust source of non-linearity for strongly driven quantum circuits, topological superconductivity, and hybrid systems. Having said that, can the grAl non-linearity be sufficient to build a qubit? Here we show that a small grAl volume ($10 \times 200 \times 500 \,\mathrm{nm^3}$) shunted by a thin film aluminum capacitor results in a microwave oscillator with anharmonicity $α$ two orders of magnitude larger than its spectral linewidth $Γ_{01}$, effectively forming a transmon qubit. With increasing drive power, we observe several multi-photon transitions starting from the ground state, from which we extract $α= 2 π\times 4.48\,\mathrm{MHz}$. Resonance fluorescence measurements of the $|0> \rightarrow |1>$ transition yield an intrinsic qubit linewidth $γ= 2 π\times 10\,\mathrm{kHz}$, corresponding to a lifetime of $16\,\mathrm{μs}$. This linewidth remains below $2 π\times 150\,\mathrm{kHz}$ for in-plane magnetic fields up to $\sim70\,\mathrm{mT}$.
description: 5 + 8 Pages and 5 + 10 Figures
On the motive of some hyperKaehler varieties
Creators: name: Vial, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C25, 14C15, 53C26, 14J28, 14K99

description: We show that the motive of the Hilbert scheme of length-$n$ subschemes on a K3 surface or on an abelian surface admits a decomposition similar to the decomposition of the motive of an abelian variety obtained by Shermenev, Beauville, and Deninger and Murre.
description: 9 pages. To appear in Crelle's journal
Pluripotential Theory and Convex Bodies: A Siciak-Zaharjuta theorem
Creators: name: Bayraktar, T.
name: Hussung, S.
name: Levenberg, N.
name: Perera, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32U15

description: We work in the setting of weighted pluripotential theory arising from polynomials associated to a convex body $P$ in $({\bf R}^+)^d$. We define the {\it logarithmic indicator function} on ${\bf C}^d$: $$H_P(z):=\sup_{ J\in P} \log |z^{ J}|:=\sup_{ J\in P} \log[|z_1|^{ j_1}\cdots |z_d|^{ j_d}]$$ and an associated class of plurisubharmonic (psh) functions: $$L_P:=\{u\in PSH({\bf C}^d): u(z)- H_P(z) =0(1), \ |z| \to \infty \}.$$ We first show that $L_P$ is not closed under standard smoothing operations. However, utilizing a continuous regularization due to Ferrier which preserves $L_P$, we prove a general Siciak-Zaharjuta type-result in our $P-$setting: the weighted $P-$extremal function $$V_{P,K,Q}(z):=\sup \{u(z):u\in L_P, \ u\leq Q \ \hbox{on} \ K\}$$ associated to a compact set $K$ and an admissible weight $Q$ on $K$ can be obtained using the subclass of $L_P$ arising from functions of the form $\frac{1}{deg_P(p)}\log |p|$ (appropriately normalized).
title: Die sowjetische Besatzungszone in Ostösterreich
Creators: name: Thiel, Valentina
Year: 2022

description: Die Erinnerungen an das Kriegsende und an die anschließende Nachkriegszeit in der sowjetischen Besatzungszone in Ostösterreich rufen ein ambivalentes Geschichtsbild hervor. Dem Willen der alliierten Mächte ist es zu verdanken, dass Österreich befreit und seine Selbstständigkeit wiedererlangen konnte. Diese positive Zuschreibung rückt jedoch stark in den Hintergrund, sind es doch die Übergriffe auf die Zivilbevölkerung zu Kriegsende gewesen, die im kollektiven Gedächtnis der österreichischen Bevölkerung bis heute verankert sind. Die Erinnerungen an das Negative sind im öffentlichen Bewusstsein durchaus präsent. Durch die Befragung ausgewählter Zeitzeuginnen und Zeitzeugen konnte jedoch bewiesen werden, dass es auch schöne Erlebnisse mit den sowjetischen Soldaten gab. Durch die zehnjährige Besatzungszeit kam es zu einigen Schnittstellen zwischen den Frauen und den Rotarmisten, die nicht nur auf unfreiwilliger Basis zurückzuführen sind. Liebesbeziehungen und daraus resultierende Besatzungskinder, aber auch Traurigkeit, als die Soldaten das Land verließen, waren die Folge. Es lässt sich somit behaupten, dass im Zuge der Befragungen die sowjetischen Soldaten ebenfalls mit positiven Erinnerungen in Verbindung gebracht wurden. Das tradierte negative Bild des Rotarmisten konnte dementsprechend nicht zur Gänze bestätigt werden. Es galt nicht nur als Ziel, die vorliegende Masterarbeit fachwissenschaftlich, sondern auch fachdidaktisch aufzugreifen. In einem exemplarischen Unterrichtsentwurf, welcher einer Projektarbeit entspricht, wurde versucht, die Methode der Oral History in den Mittelpunkt zu stellen. Führt man Befragungen mit Zeitzeuginnen und Zeitzeugen durch, soll den Schülerinnen und Schülern verdeutlicht werden, dass lediglich persönliche Sichtweisen geschildert werden und es sich somit um subjektive Eindrücke handelt.
Statistical inference for 2-type doubly symmetric critical irreducible continuous state and continuous time branching processes with immigration
Creators: name: Barczy, Matyas
name: Körmendi, Kristóf
name: Pap, Gyula
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62F12, 60J80

description: We study asymptotic behavior of conditional least squares estimators for 2-type doubly symmetric critical irreducible continuous state and continuous time branching processes with immigration based on discrete time (low frequency) observations.
description: 67 pages. Estimation of a new parameter is added. In Section 2 we recall some notions and statements from arXiv:1403.0245 and arXiv:1404.2242