Holoparasitus Witaliński 2017
Creators: name: Witaliński, Wojciech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Parasitidae
Holoparasitus

description: Key to Holoparasitus species (Males)
1. Sternum with an excipulum (e.g. Figs 229, 230); if excipulum is not encountered, a distinct, not-reticulated elliptic area1 is found on the sternum at the coxae II level (Fig. 231).......................................................... 2
- Excipulum or its equivalent, a non-reticulated area on the sternum absent (e.g. Fig. 228)............................ 15
2. Gnathotectum with the central prong well pronounced, acute, flanked by the two lateral prongs, sometimes minute or altogether absent (e.g. Figs 234, 239)......................................................................... 3
- Gnathotectum central prong lobate (Fig. 235), rounded or obtuse anteriorly, either spineless, or with minute spines (1–3) apically (e.g. Figs 281, 310); lateral small prongs present; a mobile digit of chelicera much thicker in the basal half (e.g. Figs 282, 288, 311) (in H. rotulifer (Willmann, 1940) gnathotectum with a single central prong only, and a movable digit of chelicera with a tubercle on the external (ventral) margin)..................................... (calcaratus species-group)...9
3. Postcoxal glands gv2 empty into the cuticular foveolae (Figs 231, 243)........................................... 4
- Cuticular foveolae behind coxae IV—not encountered........................................................ 5
4. Sternum with a well-developed excipulum (Fig. 243); corniculi slightly indented; dorsal edge of fixed digit of chelicera normal (Fig. 244)........................................................... H. dallaii Witaliński, 1994 (Figs 243–245)
1. In H. globosus excipulum is either weakly visible or only not-reticulated area in that place is present - Sternum with a non-reticulated area (Fig. 231); in some specimens the traces of excipulum can be detected; corniculi not indented; dorsal edge of fixed digit of chelicera with an elevation (Fig. 246)..................................................................................................... H. globosus Witaliński, 1994 (Figs 231, 246, 247) 5. Gnathotectum with all prongs similarly well pronounced (Fig. 248); Ti II with additional tubercle dorsally (Fig. 249); fixed digit of chelicera knife-shaped and toothless (Fig. 250)...................... H. cultriger (Berlese, 1906) (Figs 248–250) - Gnathotectum with the central prong well pronounced, whereas the lateral ones are either small or altogether absent (Fig. 251); Ti II with a regular prong only; fixed digit of chelicera either toothless or with several dents.......................... 6 6. Excipulum horseshoe-shaped, its anterior thickened margin complete (Figs 252, 259); sternal reticulation unremarkable; hypostomatic setae not on a separate piece of cuticle (Fig. 253); fixed digit of chelicera practically toothless............................................................................................ (peraltus species-group)...7 - Excipulum “open” at both anterior and posterior ends and flanked by two very prominent lines of reticulation running parallel to the excipulum anterolateral margins (Figs 265, 270); hypostomatic setae on a separate piece of cuticle (like in Fig. 232); fixed digit of chelicera with a row of many tiny denticles......................... (hemisphaericus species-group)...8 7. Spur on Ti II singular, long and low (Figs 256, 257); pedipalp trochanter with seta v1 simple, v2 stout and terminally brushy, settled on eminence not far from v1 (Fig. 254)............................. H. peraltus (Berlese, 1906) (Figs 251–258) - Spur on Ti II bipartite (Figs 262, 263): proximal part with a sigmoidal edge, distal one forming a tooth-like structure; seta v2 pectinate distally, neither stout nor located on eminence close to v1. ................................................................................................... H. nonaltus Witaliński & Skorupski, 2003a (Figs 259–264) 8. Spur on Ti II (Figs 267–269) ending distally at the segment margin and visible as an arcuate tape from both the ventral and the lateral sides; the cuticle located behind the spur (posteriorly) is weakly pigmented (Figs 268, 269)................................................................................. H. rhombogynialis Witaliński, 2006 (Figs 265–269) - Spur on Ti II ending far behind the distal margin of the segment (Figs 272, 273)................................................................................................ H. hemisphaericus (Vitzthum, 1923) (Figs 270–273) 9. Excipulum strong, well pronounced, with the lateral margins partially overlapped by a thin cuticular lamellae (e.g. Figs 274, 280)............................................................................................... 10 - Excipulum weakly to moderately pronounced, its lateral margins not overlapped by the cuticular lamellae (e.g. Figs 298, 308)................................................................................................... 11 10. Gnathotectum central lobe pointed; spurs on Ge II large and high, the ones on Ti II smaller and low (Fig. 278); very narrow movable digit of chelicera with semicircular tubercle on the external (ventral) edge (Fig. 276).......................................................................................... H. rotulifer (Willmann, 1940) (Figs 274–278) - Gnathotectum central lobe obtuse (Fig. 281); fixed digit of chelicera with one-fourth to one-third distal part—narrower (Fig. 282), in dorso-ventral perspective a tubercular to tooth-like protrusion directed laterally at pilus dentilis level is visible (Fig. 283); movable digit without any tubercle on the external (ventral) edge... H. excipuliger (Berlese, 1906) (Figs 229, 279–287) 11. The pores of postcoxal glands gv2 surrounded by a thickened cuticle forming foveolae (Fig. 293)..................... 12 - Cuticular foveolae around the gv2 gland pores – absent....................................................... 13 12. Axillary process on Fe II asymmetric and bent towards the segment (Figs 290, 291); cheliceral fixed digit with a lateral triangular projection (Fig. 289), seta v2 on pedipalp trochanter pectinate distally on both sides and thicker than v1. ........................................................................ H. pseudoperforatus (Berlese, 1906) (Figs 288–292) - Axillary process on Fe II symmetric (Figs 295, 296); cheliceral fixed digit without a lateral projection (Fig. 294).......................................................................... H. pollicipatus (Berlese, 1903) (Figs 293–297) 13. Spurs on Ge II and Ti II very similar, low and ridgelike (Figs 300, 301)................................................................................................ H. kerkirensis Witaliński & Skorupski, 2002 (Figs 298–301) - Spurs on Ge II and Ti II different........................................................................ 14 14. Corniculi slender with an adaxial border only slightly sinuous; movable digit of chelicera with one large proximal tooth followed by 4–6 minute distal teeth (Fig. 302); main spur on the femur with an apical segment blunt terminally and quadrilateral, if observed from a ventral perspective (Figs 303, 306)................... H. calcaratus (Koch, 1839) (Figs 230, 302–307) - Corniculi with a small protuberance on the adaxial border (Fig. 309); movable digit of chelicera with one large proximal tooth followed by 2 smaller distal teeth (Fig. 311)............... H. paradisiacus Witaliński & Skorupski, 2003b (Figs 308–314) 15. Ti II with several spurs, the two ventral ones huge (Fig. 316)......... H. karawankianus (Schmölzer, 1991) (Figs 315, 316) - The two huge spurs on Ti II—not encountered.............................................................. 16 16. Hypostomatic setae on a piece of cuticle separated laterally and posteriorly with narrow incisions................... 17 - Incisions in a cuticle laterally to and behind the hypostomatic setae – absent...................................... 46 17. Postcoxal gv2 glands empty into the cuticular foveolae (Fig. 317).. H. fovealis Witaliński & Skorupski, 2006 (Figs 317–320) - Cuticular foveolae behind coxae IV – absent............................................................... 18 18. Hypostome with a central part distinctly sclerotised, tongue-like (e.g. Figs 340, 391, 398) or extended anteriorly2 (Fig. 349)............................................................................ (mallorcae species-group) 3...19 - Central part of the hypostome triangular and weakly sclerotised (e.g. Figs 232, 233, 451, 465)........................ 39 19. Glands gv1 absent; genital lamina rounded, heavily sclerotised on the inner face (Figs 321, 326, 327, 332); microsclerite bearing tritosternum large and trapezoidal..................................................................... 20 - Gland gv1 present; genital lamina of another shape and rather weakly sclerotised, largely transparent (e.g. Figs 373, 405, 411); 2. Similar in appearance to those in the Rhabdocarpais males
description: Published as part of Witaliński, Wojciech, 2017, Key to the world species of Holoparasitus Oudemans, 1936 (Acari: Parasitiformes: Parasitidae), pp. 301-351 in Zootaxa 4277 (3) on page 310, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4277.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/810605