cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New York Times Upshot/Siena College: September 2018 Wisconsin 01 Poll
Creators: name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Likelihood of voting in 2018 election (2); opinion of various public figures (2); Wisconsin Congressional District 01 (1); Democratic Candidate Randy Bryce (1); Republican Candidate Bryan Steil (1); vote for Democrat/Republican for Congress (1); respondent would like Democrats/Republicans to control House of Representatives (1); President Donald Trump job performance (1); support/oppose various political positions (4); approve/disapprove of how Representative Paul Ryan has handled Russia related issues (1); agree/disagree with various statements (3); political partisanship (1).
Observational Constraints on Accelerating Brane Cosmology with Exchange between the Bulk and Brane
Creators: name: Umezu, K.
name: Ichiki, K.
name: Kajino, T.
name: Mathews, G. J.
name: Nakamura, R.
name: Yahiro, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore observational constraints on a cosmological brane-world scenario in which the bulk is not empty. Rather, exchange of mass-energy between the bulk and the bane is allowed. The evolution of matter fields to an observer on the brane is then modified due to new terms in the energy momentum tensor describing this exchange. We investigate the constraints from various cosmological observations on the flow of matter from the bulk into the brane. Interestingly, we show that it is possible to have a $Λ= 0$ cosmology to an observer in the brane which satisfies standard cosmological constraints including the CMB temperature fluctuations, Type Ia supernovae at high redshift, and the matter power spectrum. This model even accounts for the observed suppression of the CMB power spectrum at low multipoles. In this cosmology, the observed cosmic acceleration is attributable to the flow of matter from the bulk to the brane. A peculiar aspect of this cosmology is that the present dark-matter content of the universe may be significantly larger than that of a $Λ$CDM cosmology. Its influence, however, is offset by the dark-radiation term. Possible additional observational tests of this new cosmological paradigm are suggested.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
MassINC: 2012 Transportation Massachusetts Survey
Creators: name: MassINC
name: Foundation, The Barr
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Massachusetts right or wrong direction (1); ideas for economic growth in Massachusetts (8); modes of transportation (2); transportation options (4); investments in roads and highways or public transportation (1); quality of transportation systems (8); raising taxes to pay for transportation systems (6); ideas to improve transportation systems (11); lockbox transportation funding (1); decisions for how transportation funding would be spent (4); local or state leaders for transportation decisions (1); transportation fund priorities (1); Massachusetts state deficit (1); Massachusetts Bay Transit Authority service area (1).
Toward a large bandwidth photonic correlator for infrared heterodyne interferometry
Creators: name: Bourdarot, Guillaume
name: de Chatellus, Hugues Guillet
name: Berger, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Infrared heterodyne interferometry has been proposed as a practical alternative for recombining a large number of telescopes over kilometric baselines in the mid-infrared. However, the current limited correlation capacities impose strong restrictions on the sensitivity of this appealing technique. In this paper, we propose to address the problem of transport and correlation of wide-bandwidth signals over kilometric distances by introducing photonic processing in infrared heterodyne interferometry. We describe the architecture of a photonic double-sideband correlator for two telescopes, along with the experimental demonstration of this concept on a proof-of-principle test bed. We demonstrate the \textit{a posteriori} correlation of two infrared signals previously generated on a two-telescope simulator in a double-sideband photonic correlator. A degradation of the signal-to-noise ratio of $13\%$, equivalent to a noise factor $\text{NF}=1.15$, is obtained through the correlator, and the temporal coherence properties of our input signals are retrieved from these measurements. Our results demonstrate that photonic processing can be used to correlate heterodyne signals with a potentially large increase of detection bandwidth. These developments open the way to photonic processing of wide bandwidth signals for mid-infrared heterodyne interferometry, in particular for a large number of telescopes and for direct imager recombiners.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Accepted in Astronomy & Astrophysics
New York Times Upshot/Siena College: September 2018 Colorado 03 Poll
Creators: name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Likelihood of voting in 2018 election (2); opinion of various public figures (2); Colorado Congressional District 06 (1); Democratic Candidate Jason Crow (1); Republican Candidate Mike Coffman (1); vote for Democrat/Republican for Congress (1); respondent would like Democrats/Republicans to control House of Representatives (1); President Donald Trump job performance (1); support/oppose various political positions (6).
Agriculture familiale et economie sociale. Formes et dynamiques de l’entreprenariat au Sénégal
Creators: name: Ndiaye, Amadou
name: Fiorino, Carlotta
name: Mosca, Marta
Publisher: name: JUNCO | Journal of UNiversities and international development COoperation
Year: 2024

description: L’agricoltura familiare si è spesso concentrata sulle filiere, trascurando l’imprenditorialità contadina.
Questo studio è stato condotto per classificare le forme di impresa contadina e analizzarne le
dinamiche imprenditoriali in tre regioni del Senegal. I risultati hanno permesso di caratterizzare due
principali forme di impresa contadina: da un lato l’azienda agricola familiare e le sue varianti,
dall’altro le associazioni contadine e le loro declinazioni attraverso il progetto imprenditoriale, i valori
sociali, la governance, la presenza nello spazio pubblico e il radicamento politico. L’analisi delle
interazioni tra dimensione economica, sociale, politica e tecnico-ambientale ha permesso di
caratterizzare l'imprenditoria contadina senegalese come una forma di imprenditoria sociale secondo
i termini della Carta africana dell'imprenditoria sociale. Sarebbe inoltre decisivo analizzare l'impresa
contadina, i cui fondamenti potrebbero essere lo scopo, la sostenibilità economica, il rapporto
scopo/sostenibilità e la governance.
description: JUNCO | Journal of UNiversities and international development COoperation, N. 1 (2021): Acqua, Sviluppo e Cooperazione: ricerca visuale e partecipazione
Better Utilization of Selling Space in Food Stores: Part I, Relation of Size of Shelf Display to Sales of Canned Fruits and Vegetables
Creators: name: Pauli, Hans
name: Hoecker, R. W.
name: Pauli, Hans
name: Hoecker, R. W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1952
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: Fewer rows of display per item and more items stocked would likely increase the gross profit of retail food stores. This was the conclusion drawn from an experiment in 5 supermarkets located in an eastern metropolitan area. The experiment included 17 representative canned fruits and vegetables. Effective utilization of the selling space in retail food stores helps reduce the cost of retailing. Lower retail costs are of immediate help to the retailer and, in the long run, reductions in marketing costs help producers and consumers.
Impact of Research Investment on Technology Development and Total Factor Productivity in Major Field Crops of Peninsular India
Creators: name: Ananth, G.S.
name: Chengappa, P.G.
name: Janaiah, Aldas
name: Ananth, G.S.
name: Chengappa, P.G.
name: Janaiah, Aldas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: research investment
subject: TFP
subject: technology development
subject: India
subject: field crops

description: Increase in agricultural productivity is induced by public investment in research. Several studies have analyzed the impact of research investment at the national level but such analyses at the state or regional level are a few. The present study is an attempt to analyze the pattern and quantify the returns to research investment made over a period of 25 years on major field crops such as rice, jowar, finger millet (ragi), red gram, groundnut, sunflower, cotton and sugarcane in a predominantly agrarian state of Karnataka in peninsular India. The impact of research investment was assessed in terms of technology developed and growth in total factor productivity. The agricultural research investment had profound effect on the development of technologies relating to crop varieties, plant protection and crop management: dominant in cereals and associated with higher research investments, which is in tune with the national objective of achieving food security. Consequently, the rate of return to research investment is quite high in case of rice and sugarcane, moderate for finger millet, cotton and jowar, negative in red gram, groundnut and sunflower. The TFP growth is also higher in crops that attracted higher research investments due to growth in yield as a result of continuous upgradation of technologies. There is a need to achieve higher level of productivity through enhanced research investment for most crops in the state particularly for pulses and oilseeds in order to achieve nutritional security as the state is already food secured.
Crossover Between Weak Antilocalization and Weak Localization and Electron-Electron Interaction in Few-Layer WTe$_2$
Creators: name: Zhang, Xurui
name: Woods, John M.
name: Cha, Judy J.
name: Shi, Xiaoyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report electron transport studies in an encapsulated few-layer WTe$_2$ at low temperatures and high magnetic fields. The magnetoconductance reveals a temperature-induced crossover between weak antilocalization (WAL) and weak localization (WL) in quantum diffusive regime. We show that the crossover clearly manifests coexistence and competition among several characteristic lengths, including the dephasing length, the spin-flip length, and the mean free path. In addition, low temperature conductance increases logarithmically with the increase of temperature indicating an interplay of electron-electron interaction (EEI) and spin-orbit coupling (SOC). We demonstrate the existences and quantify the strengths of EEI and SOC which are considered to be responsible for gap opening in the quantum spin hall state in WTe2 at the monolayer limit.
Evolution of discrete populations and the canonical diffusion of adaptive dynamics
Creators: name: Champagnat, Nicolas
name: Lambert, Amaury
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92D15 (Primary) 60K35, 60J85, 60J70, 92D10, 60J75, 92D25, 92D40, 60J80, 60J25 (Secondary)

description: The biological theory of adaptive dynamics proposes a description of the long-term evolution of a structured asexual population. It is based on the assumptions of large population, rare mutations and small mutation steps, that lead to a deterministic ODE describing the evolution of the dominant type, called the ``canonical equation of adaptive dynamics.'' Here, in order to include the effect of stochasticity (genetic drift), we consider self-regulated randomly fluctuating populations subject to mutation, so that the number of coexisting types may fluctuate. We apply a limit of rare mutations to these populations, while keeping the population size finite. This leads to a jump process, the so-called ``trait substitution sequence,'' where evolution proceeds by successive invasions and fixations of mutant types. Then we apply a limit of small mutation steps (weak selection) to this jump process, that leads to a diffusion process that we call the ``canonical diffusion of adaptive dynamics,'' in which genetic drift is combined with directional selection driven by the gradient of the fixation probability, also interpreted as an invasion fitness. Finally, we study in detail the particular case of multitype logistic branching populations and seek explicit formulae for the invasion fitness of a mutant deviating slightly from the resident type. In particular, second-order terms of the fixation probability are products of functions of the initial mutant frequency, times functions of the initial total population size, called the invasibility coefficients of the resident by increased fertility, defence, aggressiveness, isolation or survival.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/105051606000000628 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Consumers' Trust in Government and Their Attitudes Towards Genetically Modified Food: Empirical Evidence from China
Creators: name: Qiu, Huanguang
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Qiu, Huanguang
name: Huang, Jikun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Trust in government
subject: Genetically modified food
subject: Consumer's attitude
subject: Acceptance
subject: China

description: Understanding the determinants of consumer's acceptance towards genetically modified food (GMF) is critical important for future biotechnology development. Among many factors, consumers' trust in government has increasingly received great attentions in the literature. However, accurately quantifying impact of consumers' trust in government on their GMF attitudes is difficult because researchers often encounter many difficulties in empirical estimation. Overall goal of this study is to empirically quantify the impact of consumers' trust in government on their attitudes towards GMF in China. An econometric model on consumer's trust in government and their attitude towards GMF is developed and estimated based on a unique data set collected by the authors in 2002 and 2003 in 11 cities of China. This study shows that the consumers' acceptance of GMF is high in urban China. Among many factors, consumers' trust in government is found to have significantly positive impact on their acceptance of GMFs, which has important implications for any government who wants to pursue the development of GMFs. Our study also shows that fail to consider the endogeneity of consumers trust in government will lead to serious underestimation of its impacts on consumers' acceptance of GMFs. This is, as the best of our knowledge, the first study on the impact of consumers' trust in government with consideration the endogenous problems that are often embodied in the consumer perception studies.
Tales of water: a methodological perspective on the visualisation of negotiating water access by south sudanese refugees in rural Uganda
Creators: name: Van Den Hoek, Esmee
Publisher: name: JUNCO | Journal of UNiversities and international development COoperation
Year: 2024

description: Water access is being shaped by South Sudanese refugees on a day to day basis due to scarcity
challenges in rural refugee camp ‘BibiBidi’, located in the north of Uganda. Understanding how
this water scarcity is negotiated in different dimensions such as time, space and gender, provides
some insight in temporary and less temporary challenges related to water inside the refugee
camp. In the ethnographic fieldwork that led to this article, visual and participatory methods
were used in order to demonstrate how water access is shaped by the constant negotiation of
gender and other roles in experiencing time and space.
This article is mainly focused on a set of different methodologies that were used in the fieldwork
e.g. walking with video (walking ethnography), story-mapping technique and life stories with
video reflections. Visual techniques can be used as a way to analyse dimensions of spatiality
and temporality inside a refugee settlement, the notion of suffering for water and the exploration
of gender-water relations. The power of the visual provides an interesting perspective on
shaping water access through the personal experiences of South Sudanese refugees, who
negotiate time, space and gender on a daily basis in their quest for water.
description: JUNCO | Journal of UNiversities and international development COoperation, N. 1 (2021): Acqua, Sviluppo e Cooperazione: ricerca visuale e partecipazione
Multiple scattering of photons by atomic hyperfine multiplets
Creators: name: Mueller, Cord A.
name: Miniatura, Christian
name: Wilkowski, David
name: Kaiser, Robin
name: Delande, Dominique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mesoscopic interference effects in multiple scattering of photons depend crucially on the internal structure of the scatterers. In the present article, we develop the analytical theory of multiple photon scattering by cold atoms with arbitrary internal hyperfine multiplets. For a specific application, we calculate the enhancement factor of elastic coherent backscattering as a function of detuning from an entire hyperfine multiplet of neighboring resonances that cannot be considered isolated. Our theory permits to understand why atoms behave differently from classical Rayleigh point-dipole scatterers, and how the classical description is recovered for larger but still microscopic objects like molecules or clusters.
description: minor changes, published version
Marketing Underutilized Plant Species for the Poor
Creators: name: Gruere, Guillaume P.
name: Smale, Melinda
name: Giuliani, Alessandra
name: Gruere, Guillaume P.
name: Smale, Melinda
name: Giuliani, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: agricultural marketing
subject: agricultural biodiversity
subject: economic development

description: Underutilized plant species are defined as agricultural or non-timber forest species that are locally abundant in developing countries but globally rare. Scientific information about them is scant and their use is currently limited relative to their economic potential. Some are potentially high-value crops and they all contribute to agricultural biodiversity and the livelihood of the poor. Despite a growing body of scientific literature on underutilized species, to our knowledge, agricultural economics literature has contributed little to the understanding of how to commercialize these crops of plant products successfully. In this paper we first define what economic factors characterize underutilized plant species. Our classification of species is based on: 1) the relationship of the observed to the potential economic value of the species; 2) the presence or absence of an output market; and 3) the presence of market imperfections and 4) the presence of particular market failures. With this economic characterization, we exclude species for which developing markets is in or of itself irrelevant. We then identify three necessary conditions to the successful commercialization of underutilized plant species for the poor: demand expansion, increase efficiency of supply and supply control mechanism. The purpose of developing this simple conceptual framework is to provide a basis for the design of an empirical investigation of marketing solutions for underutilized plant species among the rural poor in developing economies.
Designing Market Based Instruments: Beyond Round One of the Australian MBI Pilot Program
Creators: name: Lansdell, Nicola
name: Stoneham, Gary
name: Lansdell, Nicola
name: Stoneham, Gary
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Transaction Costs
subject: Property Rights
subject: Asymmetric and Private Information
subject: Public Goods
subject: Government Policy

description: Most markets have evolved as buyers and sellers constantly search for ways to create value, however this has not occurred naturally in all areas of the economy - markets are missing for some goods, including the environment. In such cases, transaction costs linked to property rights, asymmetric and hidden information and packaging problems have often prevented otherwise valuable deals from being negotiated in relation to the environment. However new capabilities and a better knowledge and understanding of the problems at hand now mean that where the objective is clear, and the knowledge, skills and capability exist to understand, model and measure the relevant characteristics of the problem transaction costs are low enough that economists can, in certain cases, design market based instruments that match demand with supply. In general the findings from the National MBI Pilot Program indicate that cap-and-trade systems, auctions and offsets systems can be effective tools to achieve natural resource management. The type of mechanism that is appropriate in a particular circumstance will depend on the transaction costs involved, which are strongly influenced by the features of the problem at hand. Mechanisms therefore require careful design to ensure they are tailored to each particular case.
Marketing Charges for Carrots Sold in Pittsburgh, Pa., Dec. 1949-June 1950 and in Cleveland, Ohio, Feb.-June 1950
Creators: name: Badger, Henry T.
name: Badger, Henry T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1953
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpts from the report Introduction: This is a report of the charges made at each step in the marketing process for carrots. It takes into consideration the services rendered by marketing agencies, and the channels through which carrots move from producing areas to consumers in Pittsburgh and Cleveland. The report provides specific information on marketing margins for carrots according to size of bunch and producing area. Margins are shown for retail stores grouped according to their methods of buying produce. Data in sufficient detail to relate margins and services are not provided by the regular price-reporting agencies. For those interested in improving the marketing of farm products, exact information of the type given in this report is a necessary prerequisite to studies of marketing efficiency.
The photometric evolution of dissolving star clusters I: First predictions
Creators: name: Lamers, Henny J. G. L. M.
name: Anders, Peter
name: de Grijs, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculated the broad-band photometric evolution of unresolved star clusters, including the preferential loss of low-mass stars due to mass segregation. The stellar mass function of a cluster evolves due to three effects: (a) the evolution of massive stars; (b) early tidal effects reduce the mass function independently of the stellar mass; (c) after mass segregation has completed, tidal effects preferentially remove the lowest-mass stars from the cluster. Results: (1) During the first ~40% of the lifetime of a cluster the cluster simply gets fainter due to the loss of stars by tidal effects. (2) Between ~40 and ~80% of its lifetime the cluster gets bluer due to the loss of low-mass stars. This will result in an underestimate of the age of clusters if standard cluster evolution models are used (0.15 -- 0.5 dex). (3) After ~80% of the total lifetime of a cluster it will rapidly get redder. This is because stars at the low-mass end of the main sequence, which are preferentially lost, are bluer than the AGB stars that dominate the light at long wavelengths, resulting in an age overestimate. (4) Clusters with mass segregation and the preferential loss of low-mass stars evolve along almost the same tracks in colour-colour diagrams as clusters without mass segregation. Therefore it will be difficult to distinguish this effect from that due to the cluster age for unresolved clusters, unless the total lifetime of the clusters can be estimated. (5) The changes in the colour evolution of unresolved clusters due to the preferential loss of low-mass stars will affect the determination of the SFHs. (6) The preferential loss of low-mass stars might explain the presence of old (~13 Gyr) clusters in NGC 4365 which are photometrically disguised as intermediate-age clusters (2 - 5 Gyr). [Abridged]
description: accepted for publication in A&A
Pulsar polarimetry with the Parkes Ultra-Wideband receiver
Creators: name: Oswald, Lucy
name: Karastergiou, Aris
name: Johnston, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsar radio emission and its polarization are observed to evolve with frequency. This frequency dependence is key to the emission mechanism and the structure of the radio beam. With the new Ultra-Wideband receiver (UWL) on the Parkes radio telescope we are able, for the first time, to observe how pulsar profiles evolve over a broad continuous bandwidth of 700-4000 MHz. We describe here a technique for processing broadband polarimetric observations to establish a meaningful alignment and visualize the data across the band. We apply this to observations of PSRs J1056-6258 and J1359-6038, chosen due to previously unresolved questions about the frequency evolution of their emission. Application of our technique reveals that it is possible to align the polarization position angle (PA) across a broad frequency range when constrained to applying only corrections for dispersion and Faraday rotation to do so. However, this does not correspond to aligned intensity profiles for these two sources. We find that it is possible to convert these misalignments into emission height range estimates that are consistent with published and simulated values, suggesting that they can be attributed to relativistic effects in the magnetosphere. We discuss this work in the context of the radio beam structure and prepare the ground for a wider study of pulsar emission using broadband polarimetric data.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 13 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
The Kasner Brane
Creators: name: Roberts, Mark D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solutions are found to field equations constructed from the Pauli, Bach and Gauss-Bonnet quadratic tensors to the Kasner and Kasner brane spacetimes in up to five dimensions. A double Kasner space is shown to have a vacuum solution. Brane solutions in which the bulk components of the Einstein tensor vanish are also looked at and for four branes a solution similar to radiation Robertson-Walker spacetime is found. Matter trapping of a test scalar field and a test perfect fluid are investigated using energy conditions.
description: now 11 pages was 10 pages, v3 12 november 2009 section added on matter trapping v2 26oct09 - sections added on double kasner and brane fluid
Measurement of the Photon Structure Function F2gamma with the L3 Detector at LEP
Creators: name: L3 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The e+e- -> e+e- hadrons reaction, where one of the two electrons is detected in a low polar-angle calorimeter, is analysed in order to measure the hadronic photon structure function F2gamma . The full high-energy and high-luminosity data set, collected with the L3 detector at centre-of-mass energies 189-209GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 608/pb is used. The Q^2 range 11-34GeV^2 and the x range 0.006-0.556 are considered. The data are compared with recent parton density functions.
Bartsch, Friedrich / Rautenberg, Werner (Hrsg.), Gemeinde Gottes in dieser Welt
Creators: name: Krüger
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 11 Nr. 2 (1962): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 11, Heft 2
New York Times Upshot/Siena College: September 2018 Maine 02 Poll
Creators: name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Likelihood of voting in 2018 election (2); opinion of various public figures (2); Maine Congressional District 02 (1); Democratic Candidate Jared Golden (1); Republican Candidate Bruce Poliquin (1); vote for Democrat/Republican for Congress (1); respondent would like Democrats/Republicans to control House of Representatives (1); President Donald Trump job performance (1); support/oppose various political positions (6).
The Effect of Genetic and Infrastructure Investments in Dairy and Beef Producers' Profit in Chile
Creators: name: Melo, Oscar
name: Alegre, Miguel
name: Ortega, Jorge
name: Foster, William E.
name: Melo, Oscar
name: Alegre, Miguel
name: Ortega, Jorge
name: Foster, William E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of infrastructure and genetic improvement investments, promoted by a government program (Programa de Modernizacion Ganadera), in milk and meat producers' profit in Region IX. Using a system of simultaneous equations, the effect of the investment on quality, in the price, in the yield and production cost of milk were estimated. In the case of milk, we reject the nonlinear hypothesis that the elasticities of investment in genetic improvement in gross income and variable costs are equal to zero. The estimation was done using information of 276 producers of the IX Region that participated in the program during the period 1998-99 (17,3 % of the regional population), with information for the years 1998 (baseline), 2001 and 2003. The results indicate that the investment in infrastructure had a positive and statistically significant impact in the quality of milk, which translates into a higher price received by producers. Meanwhile the investment in genetic improvement had a positive and significant effect in milk yield, but also in costs. Similar results were obtained for meat production, but the effect is weaker than in milk production, especially for infrastructure investments.
Geogrid-soil interaction coefficients for seismic design
Creators: name: Duckworth, Shane M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Tensar uniaxial geogrids were subjected to load-controlled monotonic and cyclic pullout testing to determine the relative coefficients of interaction. The variables investigated were geogrid series (UX1500SB, UX1400HS, and UX1600HS), soil type (poorly-graded medium fine sand and poorly-graded silty fine sand-sized glass beads) and normal stress (5, 10, and 20 kPa). The geogrid specimens, roughly 0.5 m wide by 1.5 m long, were strain-gauged to allow description of pullout behavior at small displacements. Results suggest that irrespective of geogrid series, soil type, or normal stress the soil-geogrid interaction is approximately equal under monotonic and cyclic loading. Additionally, at the frequency of cycles used, the geogrids did not pull out catastrophically but instead displaced incrementally in a controlled manner when the cyclic load exceeded the peak load sustained by the geogrid under monotonic loading.
Proper relativistic position operators in 1+1 and 2+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Choi, Taeseung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have revisited the Dirac theory in 1+1 and 2+1 dimensions by using the covariant representation of the parity-extended Poincaré group in their native dimensions. The parity operator plays a crucial role in deriving wave equations in both theories. We studied two position operators, a canonical one and a covariant one that becomes the particle position operator projected onto the particle subspace. In 1+1 dimensions the particle position operator, not the canonical position operator, provides the conserved Lorentz generator. The mass moment defined by the canonical position operator needs an additional unphysical spin-like operator to become the conserved Lorentz generator in 1+1 dimensions. In 2+1 dimensions, the sum of the orbital angular momentum given by the canonical position operator and the spin angular momentum becomes a constant of motion. However, orbital and spin angular momentum do not conserve separately. On the other hand the orbital angular momentum given by the particle position operator and its corresponding spin angular momentum become a constant of motion separately.
description: 9 pages
Laser control for the optimal evolution of pure quantum states
Creators: name: Sugny, D.
name: Keller, A.
name: Atabek, O.
name: Daems, D.
name: Dion, C. M.
name: Guérin, S.
name: Jauslin, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from an initial pure quantum state, we present a strategy for reaching a target state corresponding to the extremum (maximum or minimum) of a given observable. We show that a sequence of pulses of moderate intensity, applied at times when the average of the observable reaches its local or global extremum, constitutes a strategy transferable to different control issues. Among them, post-pulse molecular alignment and orientation are presented as examples. The robustness of such strategies with respect to experimentally relevant parameters is also examined.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
THE POTENTIAL OF U.S. AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY TO MITIGATE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS: AN AGRICULTURAL SECTOR ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Schneider, Uwe A.
name: McCarl, Bruce A.
name: Schneider, Uwe A.
name: McCarl, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Mathematical programming is used to examine the economic potential of greenhouse gas mitigation strategies in U.S. agriculture and forestry. Mitigation practices are entered into a spatially differentiated sector model and are jointly assessed with conventional agricultural production. Competition among practices is examined under a wide range of hypothetical carbon prices. Simulation results demonstrate a changing portfolio of mitigation strategies across carbon prices. For lower prices, preferred strategies involve soil and livestock options; higher prices, however, promote mainly afforestation and biofuel generation. Results demonstrate the sensitivity of individual strategy potentials to assumptions about alternative opportunities. Assessed impacts also include market shifts, regional strategy diversity, welfare distribution, and environmental co-effects.
Margins on Fluid Milk in the Duluth-Superior Marketing Area, 1947-48
Creators: name: Schlenker, Anna A.
name: Parker, Eleanore J.
name: Schlenker, Anna A.
name: Parker, Eleanore J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1953
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpt from the report: The study on which this report is based was undertaken to measure and compare the simple margin on single items and weighted average margins on all bottled milk items in the Duluth-Superior market over a 2-year period. It provides a basis for comparing the margin in this market with margins in other markets, and it shows the changes within the market during the period covered. Further than that, detailed information about the margins for different items, and the relative volumes sold, explains the difference between the simple and weighted average margins.
Vertical Product Differentiation, Entry-Deterrence Strategies, and Entry Qualities
Creators: name: Noh, Yong-Hwan
name: Moschini, GianCarlo
name: Noh, Yong-Hwan
name: Moschini, GianCarlo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: entry deterrence
subject: quality choice
subject: vertical product differentiation

description: We analyze the entry of a new product into a vertically differentiated market in which an entrant and an incumbent compete in prices. Here the entry-deterrence strategies of the incumbent firm rely on "limit qualities." With a sequential choice of quality, a quality-dependent marginal production cost, and a fixed entry cost, we relate the entry-quality decision and the entry-deterrence strategies to the level of entry cost and the degree of consumer heterogeneity. Quality-dependent marginal production costs in the model entail the possibility of inferior-quality entry as well as an incumbent's aggressive entry-deterrence strategies of increasing its quality level toward potential entry. Welfare evaluation confirms that social welfare is not necessarily improved when entry is encouraged rather than deterred.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 10/06/06.
First-principles study of magnetism and electric field effects in 2D systems
Creators: name: Cheng, Hai-Ping
name: Liu, Shuanglong
name: Chen, Xiao
name: Zhang, Long
name: Fry, James N
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review article provides a bird's-eye view of what first-principles based methods can contribute to next-generation device design and simulation. After a brief overview of methods and capabilities in the area, we focus on published work by our group since 2015 and current work on $\textrm{CrI}_3$. We introduce both single- and dual-gate models in the framework of density functional theory and the constrained random phase approximation in estimating the Hubbard $U$ for 2D systems vs. their 3D counterparts. A wide range of systems, including graphene-based heterogeneous systems, transition metal dichalcogenides, and topological insulators, and a rich array of physical phenomena, including the macroscopic origin of polarization, field effects on magnetic order, interface state resonance induced peak in transmission coefficients, spin filtration, etc., are covered. For $\textrm{CrI}_3$ we present our new results on bilayer systems such as the interplay between stacking and magnetic order, pressure dependence, and electric field induced magnetic phase transitions. We find that a bare bilayer $\textrm{CrI}_3$, graphene$\,|\,$bilayer $\textrm{CrI}_3\,|\,$graphene, $h$-BN$\,|\,$bilayer $\textrm{CrI}_3\,|\,h$-BN, and $h$-BN$\,|\,$bilayer $\textrm{CrI}_3\,|\,$graphene all have a different response at high field, while small field the difference is small except for graphene$\,|\,$bilayer $\textrm{CrI}_3\,|\,$graphene. We conclude with discussion of some ongoing work and work planned in the near future, with the inclusion of further method development and applications.
GLOBAL AGRICULTURAL TRADE AND THE DOHA ROUND: WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR NORTH AND SOUTH?
Creators: name: Beghin, John C.
name: Roland-Holst, David W.
name: Van Der Mensbrugghe, Dominique
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Roland-Holst, David W.
name: Van Der Mensbrugghe, Dominique
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The next three-year World Trade Organization round has been set in motion by recent negotiations in Doha, Qatar. Among the most contentious issues in that meeting, and probably over the course of the next round, is direct and indirect producer support for agricultural exporters in the North and forgone production, employment, and trading opportunities for farmers in the South. Our results indicate that real commitments to reduce agricultural support in high-income countries will induce substantial changes in world food prices and domestic agricultural rates of return and output and will cause dramatic shifts in agricultural trade patterns. Total trade expands and real output, wages, and incomes in developing countries, especially among the rural poor, increase substantially. In particular, rural incomes in low- and middle-income countries increase by over $60 billion, a figure that comfortably exceeds even the most ambitious goals for increased development assistance and represents a substantial savings to Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) taxpayers. At the same time, European Union and Japanese agricultural exports fall sharply and their imports rise. Other OECD countries see more balanced aggregate trade growth, but a number of strategic sectors are still adversely affected. These facts are likely to complicate negotiations in the Doha Round significantly.
Dissipative structures of diffuse molecular gas: I - Broad HCO$^+$(1-0) emission
Creators: name: Falgarone, E.
name: Forêts, G. Pineau Des
name: Hily-Blant, P.
name: Schilke, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results: We report the detection of broad HCO+(1-0) lines (10 mK < T < 0.5 K). The interpretation of 10 of the HCO+ velocity components is conducted in conjunction with that of the associated optically thin 13CO emission. The derived HCO+ column densities span a broad range, $10^{11}< N(HCO+)/Δv <4 \times 10^{12} \rm cm^2/(km/s^{-1}$, and the inferred HCO+ abundances, $2 \times 10^{-10}
description: 14 pages
Polarization effects in the reaction $\bar p+p\to e^++e^-$ in presence of two-photon exchange
Creators: name: Gakh, G. I.
name: Tomasi--Gustafsson, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarization observables for the reaction $\bar p+p\to e^++e^-$ are given in terms of three independent complex amplitudes, in presence of two photon exchange. General expressions for the differential cross section and the polarization observables are given and model independent properties are derived. Polarization effects depending on the polarization of the antiproton beam, the target and of the electron in the final state, have been calculated.
description: 15 pages
Shoulder abduction loading affects motor coordination in individuals with chronic stroke, informing targeted rehabilitation
Creators: name: Kalinowska, Aleksandra
name: Rudy, Kyra
name: Schlafly, Millicent
name: Fitzsimons, Kathleen
name: Dewald, Julius P
name: Murphey, Todd D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Individuals post stroke experience motor impairments, such as loss of independent joint control, leading to an overall reduction in arm function. Their motion becomes slower and more discoordinated, making it difficult to complete timing-sensitive tasks, such as balancing a glass of water or carrying a bowl with a ball inside it. Understanding how the stroke-induced motor impairments interact with each other can help design assisted training regimens for improved recovery. In this study, we investigate the effects of abnormal joint coupling patterns induced by flexion synergy on timing-sensitive motor coordination in the paretic upper limb. We design a virtual ball-in-bowl task that requires fast movements for optimal performance and implement it on a robotic system, capable of providing varying levels of abduction loading at the shoulder. We recruit 12 participants (6 individuals with chronic stroke and 6 unimpaired controls) and assess their skill at the task at 3 levels of loading, defined by the vertical force applied at the robot end-effector. Our results show that, for individuals with stroke, loading has a significant effect on their ability to generate quick coordinated motion. With increases in loading, their overall task performance decreases and they are less able to compensate for ball dynamics---frequency analysis of their motion indicates that abduction loading weakens their ability to generate movements at the resonant frequency of the dynamic task. This effect is likely due to an increased reliance on lower resolution indirect motor pathways in individuals post stroke. Given the inter-dependency of loading and dynamic task performance, we can create targeted robot-aided training protocols focused on improving timing-sensitive motor control, similar to existing progressive loading therapies, which have shown efficacy for expanding reachable workspace post stroke.
Economic Benefits and Costs of Biotechnology Innovations in Agriculture
Creators: name: Moschini, GianCarlo
name: Moschini, GianCarlo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: biotechnology
subject: genetically modified organisms
subject: identity preservation
subject: intellectual property rights
subject: R&D
subject: transgenic crops
subject: welfare evaluation

description: The conceptual model necessary for an assessment of biotechnology's economic benefits and costs is outlined, emphasizing the need to account for the proprietary nature of biotechnology innovations. The model is illustrated with an application to Roundup Ready soybeans. The estimated value of this innovation is sizeable, with consumers and innovators claiming the larger share of net benefits. Also, disparities in intellectual property rights protection across countries affect the distribution of benefits. Consumer resistance toward genetically modified organisms (GMOs) and the issues of labeling and market segregation complicate the economic evaluation of biotechnology innovations, and a number of related regulation and public policy issues are discussed. Emerging output-trait GMOs are potentially less controversial and may bring more benefits to all participants in the agri-food sector, but this outcome depends crucially on the development of an effective, credible, and internationally harmonized regulatory system.
Indirect evidence for short period magnetic cycles in W UMa stars
Creators: name: Borkovits, T.
name: Elkhateeb, M. M.
name: Csizmadia, Sz.
name: Nuspl, J.
name: Biro, I. B.
name: Hegedus, T.
name: Csorvasi, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex period variations of five W UMa type binaries (AB And, OO Aql, DK Cyg, V566 Oph, U Peg) were investigated by analyzing their O--C diagrams, and several common features were found. Four of the five systems show secular period variations at a constant rate on the order of |dP / dt 1/P | ~ 10E-7 1/yr. In the case of AB And, OO Aql, and U Peg a high-amplitude, nearly one-century long quasi-sinusoidal pattern was also found. It might be explained as light-time effect, or by some magnetic phenomena, although the mathematical, and consequently the physical, parameters of these fits are very problematic, as the obtained periods are very close to the length of the total data range. The most interesting feature of the studied O--C diagrams is a low amplitude (2-4 x 10E-3 d) modulation with a period around 18--20 yr in four of the five cases. This phenomenon might be indirect evidence of some magnetic cycle in late-type overcontact binaries as an analog to the observed activity cycles in RS CVn systems.
description: Accepted for A&A; 11 pages, 9 figures