cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Remote synchronization reveals network symmetries and functional modules
Creators: name: Nicosia, Vincenzo
name: Valencia, Miguel
name: Chavez, Mario
name: Díaz-Guilera, Albert
name: Latora, Vito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study a Kuramoto model in which the oscillators are associated with the nodes of a complex network and the interactions include a phase frustration, thus preventing full synchronization. The system organizes into a regime of remote synchronization where pairs of nodes with the same network symmetry are fully synchronized, despite their distance on the graph. We provide analytical arguments to explain this result and we show how the frustration parameter affects the distribution of phases. An application to brain networks suggests that anatomical symmetry plays a role in neural synchronization by determining correlated functional modules across distant locations.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Museumswesen und Ausstellungen
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2019

description: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 1 Nr. 7/8 (1948): Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Particionamento Inteligente de Funções de Banda Base no Fronthaul óptico CF-RAN
Creators: name: Santos, Matias Romário Pinheiro os
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: A evolução para a rede 5G representa um avanço significativo na eficiência de custos (CAPEX e OPEX), incorporando uma arquitetura centralizada para o processamento de funções de banda base em uma nuvem compartilhada. Este modelo, embora proporcione benefícios em termos de redução de custos, introduz desafios notáveis na rede de acesso fronthaul, exigindo soluções como o particionamento funcional e arquiteturas híbridas para atender a requisitos críticos de latência e largura de banda. Este trabalho de doutorado analisa minuciosamente os desafios do particionamento de processamento de banda base, destaca melhorias na arquitetura CF-RAN e explora os desafios relacionados ao dimensionamento da rede. Além disso, enfatiza a necessidade de inteligência para otimização do desempenho, considerando o estado atual e a eficiência energética da rede.
Synthetic X-ray spectra for simulations of the dynamics of an accretion flow irradiated by a quasar
Creators: name: Sim, S. A.
name: Proga, D.
name: Kurosawa, R.
name: Long, K. S.
name: Miller, L.
name: Turner, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultraviolet and X-ray observations show evidence of outflowing gas around many active galactic nuclei. Some of these outflows may be driven off gas infalling towards the central black hole. We perform radiative transfer calculations to compute the gas ionization state and X-ray spectra for two- and three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamical simulations of this outflow-from-inflow scenario. By comparison with observations, our results can be used to test the theoretical models and guide future numerical simulations. We predict both absorption and emission features, most of which are formed in a polar funnel of outflowing gas. This outflow causes strong absorption for observer orientation angles of < 35 degrees. Particularly in 3D, the strength of this absorption varies significantly for different lines-of-sight owing to the fragmentary structure of the gas flow. Although infalling material occupies a large fraction of the simulation volume, we do not find that it imprints strong absorption features since the ionization state is very high. Thus, an absence of observed inflow absorption features does not exclude the models. The main spectroscopic consequence of the infalling gas is a scattered continuum component that partially re-fills the absorption features caused by the outflowing polar funnel. Fluorescence and scattering in the outflow is predicted to give rise to several emission features for all observer orientations. For the hydrodynamical simulations considered we find both ionization states and column densities for the outflowing gas that are too high to be quantitatively consistent with well-observed X-ray absorption systems. Nevertheless, our results are qualitatively encouraging and further exploration of the model parameter space is warranted. (Abridged.)
description: 12 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Supplementary Material from Exceptional ancient DNA preservation and fibre remains of a Sasanian saltmine sheep mummy in Chehrābād, Iran
Creators: name: Rossi, Conor
name: Ruß-Popa, Gabriela
name: Mattiangeli, Valeria
name: McDaid, Fionnuala
name: Hare, Andrew J.
name: Davoudi, Hossein
name: Laleh, Haeedeh
name: Lorzadeh, Zahra
name: Khazaeli, Roya
name: Fathi, Homa
name: Teasdale, Matthew D.
name: A'ali, Abolfazl
name: Stöllner, Thomas
name: Mashkour, Marjan
name: Daly, Kevin G.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Mummified remains have long attracted interest as a potential source of ancient DNA. However, mummification is a rare process that requires an anhydrous environment to rapidly dehydrate and preserve tissue before complete decomposition occurs. We present the whole-genome sequences (3.94 X) of an approximately 1600-year-old naturally mummified sheep recovered from Chehrābād, a salt mine in northwestern Iran. Comparative analyses of published ancient sequences revealed the remarkable DNA integrity of this mummy. Hallmarks of postmortem damage, fragmentation and hydrolytic deamination, are substantially reduced, likely due to the high salinity of this taphonomic environment. Metagenomic analyses reflect the profound influence of high-salt content on decomposition; its microbial profile is predominated by halophilic archaea and bacteria, possibly contributing to the remarkable preservation of this sample. Applying population genomic analyses, we find clustering of this sheep with Southwest Asian modern breeds, suggesting ancestry continuity. Genotyping of a locus influencing the woolly phenotype showed the presence of an ancestral ‘hairy’ allele, consistent with hair fibre imaging. This, along with derived alleles associated with the fat-tail phenotype, provides genetic evidence that Sasanian-period Iranians maintained specialized sheep flocks for different uses, with the ‘hairy’, ‘fat-tailed’-genotyped sheep likely kept by the rural community of Chehrābād's miners.
Semi-linear structural damped waves
Creators: name: D'Abbicco, Marcello
name: Reissig, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L71

description: We study the global existence of small data solutions for Cauchy problem for the semi-linear structural damped wave equation with source term.
description: 24 Pages
Summary of IAU GA SpS5 - III. Matter ejection and feedback
Creators: name: Naze, Yael
name: Che, Xiao
name: Cox, Nick L. J.
name: Groh, Jose H.
name: Guerrero, Martin
name: Kervella, Pierre
name: Lee, Chien-De
name: Matsuura, Mikako
name: Oey, Sally
name: Stringfellow, Guy S.
name: Wachter, Stephanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The last part of SpS5 dealt with the circumstellar environment. Structures are indeed found around several types of massive stars, such as blue and red supergiants, as well as WRs and LBVs. As shown in the last years, the potential of IR for their study is twofold: first, IR can help discover many previously unknown nebulae, leading to the identification of new massive stars as their progenitors; second, IR can help characterize the nebular features. Current and new IR facilities thus pave the way to a better understanding of the feedback from massive stars.
description: 10 pages, to be published in Highlights of Astronomy vol 16, 3rd part of the proceedings of special session #5 'IR view of massive stars' (ed. Y. Naze), a session which took place during the IAU general assembly 2012 ; see also http://www.gaphe.ulg.ac.be/IAU_XXVIII/prg.html
Exact results for supersymmetric abelian vortex loops in 2+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Kapustin, Anton
name: Willett, Brian
name: Yaakov, Itamar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define a class of supersymmetric defect loop operators in N = 2 gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions. We give a prescription for computing the expectation value of such operators in a generic N = 2 theory on the three-sphere using localization. We elucidate the role of defect loop operators in IR dualities of supersymmetric gauge theories, and write down their transformation properties under the SL(2, Z) action on conformal theories with abelian global symmetries.
Binary Willshaw learning yields high synaptic capacity for long-term familiarity memory
Creators: name: Sacramento, João
name: Wichert, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We investigate from a computational perspective the efficiency of the Willshaw synaptic update rule in the context of familiarity discrimination, a binary-answer, memory-related task that has been linked through psychophysical experiments with modified neural activity patterns in the prefrontal and perirhinal cortex regions. Our motivation for recovering this well-known learning prescription is two-fold: first, the switch-like nature of the induced synaptic bonds, as there is evidence that biological synaptic transitions might occur in a discrete stepwise fashion. Second, the possibility that in the mammalian brain, unused, silent synapses might be pruned in the long-term. Besides the usual pattern and network capacities, we calculate the synaptic capacity of the model, a recently proposed measure where only the functional subset of synapses is taken into account. We find that in terms of network capacity, Willshaw learning is strongly affected by the pattern coding rates, which have to be kept fixed and very low at any time to achieve a non-zero capacity in the large network limit. The information carried per functional synapse, however, diverges and is comparable to that of the pattern association case, even for more realistic moderately low activity levels that are a function of network size.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
Mobility multihoming duality for the Internet Protocol
Creators: name: Yanagida, Ryo
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer networking
subject: Mobility
subject: Multihoming
subject: IPv6
subject: Linux kernel
subject: Mobility-multihoming duality
subject: Internet
subject: Internet Protocol
subject: Real-time video
subject: ILNP
subject: Identifier-Locator Network Protocol
subject: Identifier-Locator split architecture
subject: Multipath
subject: Linux
subject: TK5105.52Y2
subject: Multihoming (Computer networks)
subject: Computer networks

description: In the current Internet, mobile devices with multiple connectivity are becoming increasingly common; however, the Internet protocol itself has not evolved accordingly. Instead, add-on mechanisms have emerged, but they do not integrate well. Currently, the user suffers from disruption to communication on the end-host as the physical network connectivity changes. This is because the IP address changes when the point of attachment changes, breaking the transport layer end-to-end state. Furthermore, while a device can be connected to multiple networks simultaneously, the use of IP addresses prevents end-hosts from leveraging multiple network interfaces — a feature known as host multihoming, which can potentially improve the throughput or reliability. While solutions exist separately for mobility and multihoming, it is not possible to use them as a duality solution for the end-host. This work extended ILNPv6, an engineering solution of Identifier-Locator Network Protocol (ILNP) implemented as a superset of IPv6 on the Linux kernel. The existing implementation was extended to enable mobility and multihoming duality. First, the mobility implementation was enhanced to support continuous mobility; a comparative analysis against Mobile IPv6 (MIPv6) showed superior performance during a series of handoffs. Second, multihoming was implemented and integrated with mobility; the evaluation with a flexible multi-connectivity scenario with load-balancing showed negligible loss and consistent throughput. Finally, the impact of the combined mobility-multihoming mechanism was evaluated with a real-time video streaming application showing continuous uninterrupted real-time video playback up to 2160p (4K ultra high definition). Overall, this work has demonstrated that mobility-multihoming duality is possible for end-hosts over IPv6 for existing applications without changing the network infrastructure.
Benevolent and Malevolent Adversaries: A Study of GANs and Face Verification Systems
Creators: name: Nazari, Ehsan
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cybersecurity
Machine Learning
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Generative Adversarial Networks
Face Verification systems
Class Imbalance Problem
Adversarial Attacks

description: Cybersecurity is rapidly evolving, necessitating inventive solutions for emerging challenges. Deep Learning (DL), having demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various domains, has found a significant role within Cybersecurity. This thesis focuses on benevolent and malevolent adversaries. For the benevolent adversaries, we analyze specific applications of DL in Cybersecurity contributing to the enhancement of DL for downstream tasks. Regarding the malevolent adversaries, we explore the question of how resistant to (Cyber) attacks is DL and show vulnerabilities of specific DL-based systems. We begin by focusing on the benevolent adversaries by studying the use of a generative model called Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) to improve the abilities of DL. In particular, we look at the use of Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (CGAN) to generate synthetic data and address issues with imbalanced datasets in cybersecurity applications. Imbalanced classes can be a significant issue in this field and can lead to serious problems. We find that CGANs can effectively address this issue, especially in more difficult scenarios. Then, we turn our attention to using CGAN with tabular cybersecurity problems. However, visually assessing the results of a CGAN is not possible when we are dealing with tabular cybersecurity data. To address this issue, we introduce AutoGAN, a method that can train a GAN on both image-based and tabular data, reducing the need for human inspection during GAN training. This opens up new opportunities for using GANs with tabular datasets, including those in cybersecurity that are not image-based. Our experiments show that AutoGAN can achieve comparable or even better results than other methods. Finally, we shift our focus to the malevolent adversaries by looking at the robustness of DL models in the context of automatic face recognition. We know from previous research that DL models can be tricked into making incorrect classifications by adding small, almost unnoticeable changes to an image. These deceptive manipulations are known as adversarial attacks. We aim to expose new vulnerabilities in DL-based Face Verification (FV) systems. We introduce a novel attack method on FV systems, called the DodgePersonation Attack, and a system for categorizing these attacks based on their specific targets. We also propose a new algorithm that significantly improves upon a previous method for making such attacks, increasing the success rate by more than 13%.
A scientific conversation with Jin Xue on socio-ecological sustainability and post-growth spatial design and planning
Creators: name: Cristiano, Silvio
Publisher: name: Tracce urbane. Rivista italiana transdisciplinare di studi urbani
Year: 2023

description: Tracce urbane. Rivista italiana transdisciplinare di studi urbani, V. 10 N. 14 (2023): Città e urbanistica oltre la crescita. Transizione verde: verso che cosa? Ecologia, economia e urbanistica tra Green Deal e paradigmi Post-Growth
Model of the optical emission of a driven semiconductor quantum dot: phonon-enhanced coherent scattering and off-resonant sideband narrowing
Creators: name: McCutcheon, Dara P. S.
name: Nazir, Ahsan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the crucial role played by the solid-state environment in determining the photon emission characteristics of a driven quantum dot. For resonant driving, we predict a phonon-enhancement of the coherently emitted radiation field with increasing driving strength, in stark contrast to the conventional expectation of a rapidly decreasing fraction of coherent emission with stronger driving. This surprising behaviour results from thermalisation of the dot with respect to the phonon bath, and leads to a nonstandard regime of resonance fluorescence in which significant coherent scattering and the Mollow triplet coexist. Off-resonance, we show that despite the phonon influence, narrowing of dot spectral sideband widths can occur in certain regimes, consistent with an experimental trend.
description: Published version. 5 pages, 2 figures, plus 4 page supplement. Title changed, figure 1 revised, various edits and additions to the text
Magnetic phase diagram of CePt3B1-xSix
Creators: name: Rauch, Daniela
name: Süllow, Stefan
name: Bleckmann, Matthias
name: Klemke, Bastian
name: Kiefer, Klaus
name: Kim, Moo Sung
name: Aronson, Meigan C.
name: Bauer, Ernst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the main bulk properties (susceptibility, magnetization, resistivity and specific heat) of CePt_3B_(1-x)Si-x, an alloying system that crystallizes in a noncentrosymmetric lattice, and derive the magnetic phase diagram. The materials at the end point of the alloying series have previously been studied, with CePt_3B established as a material with two different magnetic phases at low temperatures (antiferromagnetic below T_N = 7.8 K, weakly ferromagnetic below T_C ~ 5 K), while CePt3Si is a heavy fermion superconductor (T_c = 0.75 K) coexisting with antiferromagnetism (T_N = 2.2 K). From our experiments we conclude that the magnetic phase diagram is divided into two regions. In the region of low Si content (up to x ~ 0.7) the material properties resemble those of CePt3B. Upon increasing the Si concentration further the magnetic ground state continuously transforms into that of CePt3Si. In essence, we argue that CePt_3B can be understood as a low pressure variant of CePt3Si.
description: 7pages, 9figures
Ground States of Spin-1/2 Triangular Antiferromagnets in a Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Chen, Ru
name: Ju, Hyejin
name: Jiang, Hong-Chen
name: Starykh, Oleg A.
name: Balents, Leon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a combination of density matrix renormalization group calculations and analytical approaches to study a simplified model for a spatially anisotropic spin-1/2 triangular lattice Heisenberg antiferromagnet: the three-leg triangular spin tube (TST). The model is described by three Heisenberg chains, with exchange constant J, coupled antiferromagnetically with exchange constant J' along the diagonals of the ladder system, with periodic boundary conditions in the shorter direction. We determine the full phase diagram of this model as a function of spatial anisotropy, J'/J, and magnetic field. We find a rich phase diagram, which is dominated by quantum states - phases corresponding to the classical ground state appears only in a small region. Among the dominant phases generated by quantum effects are commensurate and incommensurate coplanar quasi-ordered states, which appear in the vicinity of the isotropic region for most fields, and in the high field region for most anisotropies. The coplanar states, while not classical ground states, can be understood semiclassically. Even more strikingly, the largest region of phase space is occupied by a spin density wave phase, which has incommensurate collinear correlations along the field. This phase has no semiclassical analog, and may be ascribed to enhanced one-dimensional (1d) fluctuations due to frustration. Cutting across the phase diagram is a magnetization plateau, with a gap to all excitations and up up down spin order, with a quantized magnetization equal to 1/3 of the saturation value. In the TST, this plateau extends almost but not quite to the decoupled chains limit. Most of the above features are expected to carry over to the two dimensional system, which we also discuss. At low field, a dimerized phase appears, which is particular to the 1d nature of the TST, and which can be understood from quantum Berry phase arguments.
description: Published version with 45 pages, 26 figures. Numerical results (Fig.25) and discussion of the magnetization plateau in 2d system are added. References are updated
Convergence rates in $\mathbf{\ell^1}$-regularization if the sparsity assumption fails
Creators: name: Burger, Martin
name: Flemming, Jens
name: Hofmann, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65J20, 47A52, 49N45

description: Variational sparsity regularization based on $\ell^1$-norms and other nonlinear functionals has gained enormous attention recently, both with respect to its applications and its mathematical analysis. A focus in regularization theory has been to develop error estimation in terms of regularization parameter and noise strength. For this sake specific error measures such as Bregman distances and specific conditions on the solution such as source conditions or variational inequalities have been developed and used. In this paper we provide, for a certain class of ill-posed linear operator equations, a convergence analysis that works for solutions that are not completely sparse, but have a fast decaying nonzero part. This case is not covered by standard source conditions, but surprisingly can be treated with an appropriate variational inequality. As a consequence the paper also provides the first examples where the variational inequality approach, which was often believed to be equivalent to appropriate source conditions, can indeed go farther than the latter.
Spacetimes with all scalar curvature invariants in terms of the Cosmological Constant
Creators: name: McNutt, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B30, 53B50, 83C20

description: In this letter we provide an invariant characterization for all spacetimes with all polynomial scalar invariants constructed from the Riemann tensor and its covariant derivatives vanishing except those zeroth order curvature invariants expressed as polynomials in $Λ$, the cosmological constant. Using this invariant description we provide explicit forms for the metric.
description: 9 pages
The interpretation of Rotation Measures in the presence of inhomogeneous foreground screens
Creators: name: Bernet, M. L.
name: Miniati, F.
name: Lilly, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the redshift evolution of the Rotation Measure (RM) in Taylor et al. (2009) dataset, which is based on NVSS radio data at 21 cm, and compare with results from our previous work (Kronberg et al. (2008), Bernet et al. (2008),(2010)), based on RMs determined at lower wavelengths, e.g. 6 cm. We find that, in spite of the same analysis, Taylor's dataset produces neither an increase of the RM dispersion with redshift as found in Kronberg et al. (2008), nor the correlation of RM strength with MgII absorption lines found in Bernet et al. (2008). We develop a simple model to understand the discrepancy. The model assumes that the Faraday Rotators, namely the QSO's host galaxy and the intervening MgII host galaxies along the line of sight, contain partially inhomogeneous RM screens. We find that this leads to an increasing depolarization towards longer wavelengths and to wavelength dependent RM values. In particular, due to cosmological redshift, observations at fixed wavelength of sources at different redshift are affected differently by depolarization and are sensitive to different Faraday active components. For example, at 21 cm the polarized signal is averaged out by inhomogeneous Faraday screens and the measured RM mostly reflects the Milky Way contributions for low redshift QSOs, while polarization is relatively unaffected for high redshift QSOs. Similar effects are produced by intervening galaxies acting as inhomogeneous screens. Finally, we assess the performance of Rotation Measure synthesis on our synthetic models and conclude that the study of magnetic fields in galaxies as a function of cosmic time will benefit considerably from the application of such a technique, provided enough instrumental bandwidth. For this purpose, high frequency channels appear preferable but not strictly necessary.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. Version 2 with modified figures 4 & 5 and minor revisions
65th Annual Meeting of the German Society of Neuropathology and Neuroanatomy (DGNN) - Meeting Abstracts, September 1–3, 2021
Creators: name: Soc Neuropathol Neuroanat, German
Publisher: name: Free Neuropathology
Year: 2021

description: Dear participants, dear colleagues, It is our great pleasure to welcome you to the 65th Annual Meeting of the German Society of Neuropathology and Neuroanatomy - the brain and nerve microenvironment in health and disease - which will be held as a virtual meeting from September 1–3, 2021. The meeting will bring together basic and clinical researchers, physicians as well as junior scientists and PhD students from different disciplines of basic and clinical neuroscience. We will have outstanding lectures by and with some of the most renowned international experts in the field of neuro-oncology, neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration and muscle and nerve diseases and look forward to exciting scientific discussions. There will also be a special and timely section on the effects of COVID-19 on the central and peripheral nervous system. The three days will offer exciting insights into different areas of basic and clinical neuroscience. We have also encouraged early career scientists to present their scientific findings in short talks and poster presentations. We are therefore particularly thankful that the abstracts of the meeting, which in their sum provide the best overview of the high scientific standing of the field, will be published in Free Neuropathology. Finally, we would like to thank you all for your active contribution to this conference in these difficult times. We also thank all supporters for their financial help. We wish you a stimulating and exciting conference. Yours sincerely, Prof. Dr. med. Till Acker Conference Chair (Justus Liebig University Giessen Dr. med. Anne Schänzer Dr. med. Hildegard Dohmen
description: Free Neuropathology, Bd. 2 (2021)
Ionization by bulk heating of electrons in capacitive radio frequency atmospheric pressure microplasmas
Creators: name: Hemke, T.
name: Eremin, D.
name: Mussenbrock, T.
name: Derzsi, A.
name: Donkó, Z.
name: Dittmann, K.
name: Meichsner, J.
name: Schulze, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron heating and ionization dynamics in capacitively coupled radio frequency (RF) atmospheric pressure microplasmas operated in helium are investigated by Particle in Cell simulations and semi-analytical modeling. A strong heating of electrons and ionization in the plasma bulk due to high bulk electric fields are observed at distinct times within the RF period. Based on the model the electric field is identified to be a drift field caused by a low electrical conductivity due to the high electron-neutral collision frequency at atmospheric pressure. Thus, the ionization is mainly caused by ohmic heating in this "Omega-mode". The phase of strongest bulk electric field and ionization is affected by the driving voltage amplitude. At high amplitudes, the plasma density is high, so that the sheath impedance is comparable to the bulk resistance. Thus, voltage and current are about 45° out of phase and maximum ionization is observed during sheath expansion with local maxima at the sheath edges. At low driving voltages, the plasma density is low and the discharge becomes more resistive resulting in a smaller phase shift of about 4°. Thus, maximum ionization occurs later within the RF period with a maximum in the discharge center. Significant analogies to electronegative low pressure macroscopic discharges operated in the Drift-Ambipolar mode are found, where similar mechanisms induced by a high electronegativity instead of a high collision frequency have been identified.
Surface code with decoherence: An analysis of three superconducting architectures
Creators: name: Ghosh, Joydip
name: Fowler, Austin G.
name: Geller, Michael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider realistic, multi-parameter error models and investigate the performance of the surface code for three possible fault-tolerant superconducting quantum computer architectures. We map amplitude and phase damping to a diagonal Pauli "depolarization" channel via the Pauli twirl approximation, and obtain the logical error rate as a function of the qubit T1, T2 and state preparation, gate, and readout errors. A numerical Monte Carlo simulation is performed to obtain the logical error rates and a leading-order analytic formula is derived to estimate their behavior below threshold. Our results suggest that scalable fault-tolerant quantum computation should be possible with existing superconducting devices.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
Storing cycles in Hopfield-type networks with pseudoinverse learning rule: admissibility and network topology
Creators: name: Zhang, Chuan
name: Dangelmayr, Gerhard
name: Oprea, Iuliana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 15A04

description: Cyclic patterns of neuronal activity are ubiquitous in animal nervous systems, and partially responsible for generating and controlling rhythmic movements such as locomotion, respiration, swallowing and so on. Clarifying the role of the network connectivities for generating cyclic patterns is fundamental for understanding the generation of rhythmic movements. In this paper, the storage of binary cycles in neural networks is investigated. We call a cycle $Σ$ admissible if a connectivity matrix satisfying the cycle's transition conditions exists, and construct it using the pseudoinverse learning rule. Our main focus is on the structural features of admissible cycles and corresponding network topology. We show that $Σ$ is admissible if and only if its discrete Fourier transform contains exactly $r={rank}(Σ)$ nonzero columns. Based on the decomposition of the rows of $Σ$ into loops, where a loop is the set of all cyclic permutations of a row, cycles are classified as simple cycles, separable or inseparable composite cycles. Simple cycles contain rows from one loop only, and the network topology is a feedforward chain with feedback to one neuron if the loop-vectors in $Σ$ are cyclic permutations of each other. Composite cycles contain rows from at least two disjoint loops, and the neurons corresponding to the rows in $Σ$ from the same loop are identified with a cluster. Networks constructed from separable composite cycles decompose into completely isolated clusters. For inseparable composite cycles at least two clusters are connected, and the cluster-connectivity is related to the intersections of the spaces spanned by the loop-vectors of the clusters. Simulations showing successfully retrieved cycles in continuous-time Hopfield-type networks and in networks of spiking neurons are presented.
description: 48 pages, 3 figures
title: Validating the Brain Injury Screening Index (BISI) and the Ohio State University Traumatic Brain Injury Identification Method (OSU TBI-ID) as screening tools for head injury in a Scottish prison setting: and clinical research portfolio
Creators: name: McGinley, Abi
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2017

description: Background: Head injury (HI) has been linked with offending behaviour. Self-report studies indicate a high prevalence of HI amongst offenders. Routine screening for HI for offenders has been recommended, to inform triage towards needs-led assessment and intervention (NPHN, 2016). However, there is a need to validate a screening tool for HI that can be used with offenders in the Scottish Prison Service (SPS). Aims: To examine the sensitivity, specificity and construct validity of the BISI and the OSU TBI ID against the reference standards of evidence of neuropsychological or psychiatric impairment or disability. The practical usefulness of the tools will also be considered. A parallel study by a second trainee examined the prevalence of disability associated with HI using the same data. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional design was utilised to gather data from 82 male participants (aged >21) from a Scottish prison. The two screening measures were used alongside measures of disability, mental health, cognitive function, and effort. Results: Construct validity was better for the OSU TBI-ID than the BISI. The OSU TBI-ID was significantly associated with neuropsychological, mental health and disability outcomes (p<0.05). Both tools had measures with good sensitivity (BISI injury severity rating: 86-100%; OSU TBI-ID clinical rating: 100%), but specificity was low (BISI injury severity rating: 17-24%; OSU TBI-ID clinical rating: 11-17%). The tools were equally practical to use in the SPS, and any differences were not clinically meaningful. Conclusion: This study indicates that the OSU TBI-ID may be more useful than the BISI as a screening tool for HI-related impairment or disability in Scottish prisons. Limitations and implications for future research are discussed.
Quasar feedback: accelerated star formation and chaotic accretion
Creators: name: Nayakshin, Sergei
name: Zubovas, Kastytis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Growing Supermassive Black Holes (SMBH) are believed to influence their parent galaxies in a negative way, terminating their growth by ejecting gas out before it could turn into stars. Here we present some of the most sophisticated SMBH feedback simulations to date showing that quasar's effects on galaxies are not always negative. We find that when the ambient shocked gas cools rapidly, the shocked gas is compressed into thin cold dense shells, filaments and clumps. Driving these high density features out is much more difficult than analytical models predict since dense filaments are resilient to the feedback. However, in this regime quasars have another way of affecting the host -- by triggering a massive star formation burst in the cold gas by over-pressurising it. Under these conditions SMBHs actually accelerate star formation in the host, having a positive rather than negative effect on their host galaxies. The relationship between SMBH and galaxies is thus even more complex and symbiotic than currently believed. We also suggest that the instabilities found here may encourage the chaotic AGN feeding mode.
description: 7 pages. Submitted to MNRAS (version addressing referee's comments)
Wissenschaftliche Begleitevaluation SWICA Disease-Management-Programm Diabetes Mellitus: Studienprotokoll für Follow-Up-Jahr 2022
Creators: name: Carlander, Maria
name: Höglinger, Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: As part of an ongoing scientific evaluation of a disease management programme for patients with diabetes mellitus, the outcomes guideline adherence to care, hospitalisation and healthcare costs of patients in the disease management programme (treatment group) are compared with patients in standard treatment (control group) over several years. In addition, the quality of treatment at practice level are evaluated using criteria for good diabetes disease management from the Swiss Society of Diabetology and Endocrinology.
Pathwise stochastic integration with finite variation processes uniformly approximating càdlàg processes
Creators: name: Łochowski, Rafał M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G46, 60G17

description: For any real-valued stochastic process $X$ with cŕdlŕg paths we define non-empty family of processes which have locally finite total variation, have jumps of the same order as the process $X$ and uniformly approximate its paths on compacts. The application of the defined class is the definition of stochastic integral with semimartingale integrand and integrator as a limit of pathwise Lebesgue-Stieltjes integrals. This construction leads to the stochastic integral with some correction term (different from the Stratonovich integral). We compare the obtained result with classical results of Wong-Zakai and Bichteler on pathwise stochastic integration. As a "byproduct" we obtain an example of a series of double Skorohod maps of a standard Brownian motion, which is not a semimartingale.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1106.2630
Search for resonant top plus jet production in ttbar + jets events with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a search for a new heavy particle produced in association with a top or antitop quark. Two models in which the new heavy particle is a color singlet or a color triplet are considered, decaying respectively to tbarq or tq, leading to a resonance within the ttbar + jets signature. The full 2011 ATLAS pp collision dataset from the LHC (4.7 fb-1) is used to search for ttbar events produced in association with jets, in which one of the W bosons from the top quarks decays leptonically and the other decays hadronically. The data are consistent with the Standard Model expectation, and a new particle with mass below 430 GeV for both W boson and color triplet models is excluded at 95% confidence level, assuming unit right-handed coupling.
description: 7 pages plus author list (20 pages total), 6 figures, 2 tables, submitted to Physical Review D Rapid Communications
A Supersymmetric Explanation of the Excess of Higgs--Like Events at the LHC and at LEP
Creators: name: Drees, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LHC collaborations have recently announced evidence for the production of a "Higgs--like" boson with mass near 125 GeV. The properties of the new particle are consistent (within still quite large uncertainties) with those of the Higgs boson predicted in the Standard Model (SM). This discovery comes nearly ten years after a combined analysis of the four LEP experiments showed a mild excess of Higgs--like events with a mass near 98 GeV. I show that both groups of events can be explained simultaneously in the minimal supersymmetric extension of the SM, in terms of the production and decay of the two neutral CP--even Higgs bosons predicted by this model, and explore the phenomenological consequences of this explanation.
description: 17 pages PDFLaTeX with 10 PDF files. Added a reference and removed a misleading statement. Final version: added some remarks on flavor constraints; version to appear in PRD
Anomalous decoherence in a dissipative two-level system
Creators: name: Liu, Hai-Bin
name: An, Jun-Hong
name: Chen, Chong
name: Tong, Qing-Jun
name: Luo, Hong-Gang
name: Oh, C. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study systematically the non-Markovian decoherence dynamics of a dissipative two-level system, i.e., the so-called spin-boson model. It is interesting to find that the decoherence tends to be inhibited with the increase of the coupling strength between the system and the reservoir, which is contrary to the common recognition that a stronger coupling always induces a severer decoherence. This is attributed to the occurrence of a quantum phase transition (QPT). The relationship between this QPT and conventional delocalized-localized QPT is also discussed. Our result suggests a useful control method to overcome the detrimental effects of the reservoir to the system.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. Final version
4d N=2 Gauge Theories and Quivers: the Non-Simply Laced Case
Creators: name: Cecotti, Sergio
name: Del Zotto, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the BPS quivers with superpotential for the 4d N=2 gauge theories with non-simply laced Lie groups (B_n, C_n, F_4 and G_2). The construction is inspired by the BIKMSV geometric engineering of these gauge groups as non-split singular elliptic fibrations. From the categorical viewpoint of arXiv:1203.6743, the fibration of the light category L(g) over the (degenerate) Gaiotto curve has a monodromy given by the action of the outer automorphism of the corresponding unfolded Lie algebra. In view of the Katz--Vafa `matter from geometry' mechanism, the monodromic idea may be extended to the construction of (Q, W) for SYM coupled to higher matter representations. This is done through a construction we call specialization.
description: 42 pages, 2 figures
Inter-band tunneling near the merging transition of Dirac cones
Creators: name: Fuchs, Jean-Noël
name: Lim, Lih-King
name: Montambaux, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by a recent experiment in a tunable graphene analog [L. Tarruell et al., Nature 483, 302 (2012)], we consider a generalization of the Landau-Zener problem to the case of a quadratic crossing between two bands in the vicinity of the merging transition of Dirac cones. The latter is described by the so-called universal hamiltonian. In this framework, the inter-band tunneling problem depends on two dimensionless parameters: one measures the proximity to the merging transition and the other the adiabaticity of the motion. Under the influence of a constant force, the probability for a particle to tunnel from the lower to the upper band is computed numerically in the whole range of these two parameters and analytically in different limits using (i) the Stueckelberg theory for two successive linear band crossings, (ii) diabatic perturbation theory, (iii) adiabatic perturbation theory and (iv) a modified Stueckelberg formula. We obtain a complete phase diagram and explain the presence of unexpected probability oscillations in terms of interferences between two poles in the complex time plane. We also compare our results to the above mentioned experiment.
description: 14 pages, 19 figures, accepted in Phys. Rev. A
Hydrodynamically enforced entropic trapping of Brownian particles
Creators: name: Martens, S.
name: Straube, A. V.
name: Schmid, G.
name: Schimansky-Geier, L.
name: Hänggi, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transport of Brownian particles through a corrugated channel caused by a force field containing curl-free (scalar potential) and divergence-free (vector potential) parts. We develop a generalized Fick-Jacobs approach leading to an effective one-dimensional description involving the potential of mean force. As an application, the interplay of a pressure-driven flow and an oppositely oriented constant bias is considered. We show that for certain parameters, the particle diffusion is significantly suppressed via the property of hyrodynamically enforced entropic particle trapping.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, in press with Physical Review Letters
Form factors in SU(3)-invariant integrable models
Creators: name: Belliard, S.
name: Pakuliak, S.
name: Ragoucy, E.
name: Slavnov, N. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study SU(3)-invariant integrable models solvable by nested algebraic Bethe ansatz. We obtain determinant representations for form factors of diagonal entries of the monodromy matrix. This representation can be used for the calculation of form factors and correlation functions of the XXX SU(3)-invariant Heisenberg chain.
description: 15 pages; typos corrected
Il trattamento dei dati personali da parte delle pubbliche amministrazioni. Il caso delle decisioni automatizzate
Creators: name: Kerstich Victoria Andrea Michele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Pa
Dati personali
Decisioni automatizzate
IA
GDPR nella PA
CAD

description: Tesi sul trattamento dei dati personali da parte delle PA italiane, legislazione generale e specifica. Approfondimento del caso delle decisioni automatizzate.
Simultaneous elements of reality for incompatible properties by exploiting locality
Creators: name: Sestito, Angela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the extensions of quantum correlations stemming from a "strict" interpretation of the criterion of reality of Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen raise the inadequacy of their ideal experiment for the assignment of simultaneous elements of reality to two incompatible properties. Then, we suggest a different physical situation enabling the simultaneous assignment of objective values of two incompatible observables of a spin particle by means of measurements of two compatible properties of a second correlated spin particle.
description: 11 pages
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier, Bd. 26 (1994): Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier : Aus der Arbeit des Rheinischen Landesmuseums Trier