cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rouillieria rasile Smirnova, PMO 1975
Creators: name: Sandy, Michael R.
name: Hryniewicz, Krzysztof
name: Hammer, Øyvind
name: Nakrem, Hans Arne
name: Little, Crispin T. S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Brachiopoda
Rhynchonellata
Terebratulida
Terebratulidae
Rouillieria
Rouillieria rasile

description: Rouillieria aff. rasile Smirnova, 1975
Fig. 8.17–8.20
1975 aff. Rouillieria rasile new species —Smirnova, p. 350, pl. X, fig. 3.
Material and occurrence. Seep 8 (PMO 224.929).
Discussion. One damaged specimen that has a similar outline to the specimen figured by Smirnova (1975). The Spitsbergen specimen has a slightly more shouldered appearance at the hinge line compared to Smirnova’s figured specimen. The long, very wide ventrally concave hinge plates and apparently relatively small crural bases (Smirnova 1975, fig. 8) do point to this species as having internal structures that are atypical of Rouillieria. However, in the diagnosis for Rouillieria Lee et al. (2006, p. 2098) state “outer hinge plates broad”. The diagnosis for the genus also refers to crural bases that form lateral umbonal cavities reaching the valve floor (e.g. serial sections of R. michalkowii in Makridin (1964, fig. 83)). However, these lateral umbonal cavities presumably develop due to secondary shell overgrowth and therefore depend on the growth stage of the sectioned specimen. It is probable that these cavities are more likely to develop in maturing or gerontic individuals (or they may even become infilled with secondary shell material in the latter).
Smirnova described Rouillieria rasile from Chevkino Village, Ryazan Province, Russia and it was recorded from the “Berriasian, Ryazan horizon” (Smirnova 1975, p. 351).
Stratigraphic and geographic distribution. Upper Volgian of Spitsbergen.
description: Published as part of Sandy, Michael R., Hryniewicz, Krzysztof, Hammer, Øyvind, Nakrem, Hans Arne & Little, Crispin T. S., 2014, Brachiopods from Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep deposits, central Spitsbergen, Svalbard, pp. 501-532 in Zootaxa 3884 (6) on page 521, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3884.6.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4951742
Sagola valida Broun Desig. Park and Carlton 2013
Creators: name: Park, J. - S.
name: Carlton, C. E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Sagola
Sagola valida

description: 7. valida species-group
(1 species)
Diagnosis. The single member of the valida species-group can be distinguished from other Sagola species-groups by the following combination of characters: body length 3.0– 3.5 mm; antennomere 1 approximately 2.5 times longer than wide, with dull surface; anterior frontal fovea absent, posterior frontal fovea elongate (Fig. 23c); gular region of male head with small, transverse depression (Fig. 23d); eye distinctly prominent due to emarginate gena (Fig. 23c–d); hind wings well-developed in male, reduced to small pads in female; fore femur with semicircular depression; abdominal tergites IV–VI with discal carinae; present on South Island, not known from North Island (Fig. 24).
description: Published as part of Park, J. - S. & Carlton, C. E., 2014, A revision of the New Zealand species of the genus Sagola Sharp (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae: Faronitae), pp. 1-156 in The Coleopterists Bulletin (mo 13) (mo 13) 68 on page 45, DOI: 10.1649/072.068.0mo4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4907735
Ποινικό Δίκαιο και ο Πατερναλιστικός ρόλος του κράτους
Creators: name: Κολοκοτρώνη, Όλγα Φίλιππου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2024
Subjects: Πατερναλισμός
αυτοπροσβολή
χρήση ναρκωτικών
Paternalism
self- harm
drug use

description: Στόχος της παρούσας εργασίας είναι η εξέταση του ακανθώδους ζητήματος της χρήσης ναρκωτικών ουσιών και η αποτελεσματικότητα της αντεγκληματικής πολιτικής του κράτους με την ποινικοποίηση της πράξης αυτής, και την παρέμβαση, έτσι, στην ελευθερία αυτοδιάθεσης του ατόμου. Αρχικά, γίνεται μία σύντομη ανάλυση της ελληνικής νομοθεσίας γύρω από την αντιμετώπιση των εξαρτησιογόνων ουσίων από το παρελθόν έως και σήμερα και παρατίθενται τα διάφορα νομοθετικά μοντέλα που υιοθετούνται από τις χώρες της Ευρώπης για τον περιορισμό της διάδοσης των ναρκωτικών. Επίσης γίνεται ανάλυση των ειδών του πατερναλισμού και του μοντέλου αυτού που υιοθετείται σήμερα από την ελληνική πολιτεία, ενώ διερευνάται και το συνταγματικά επιτρεπτό όριο της παρέμβασης του κράτους στο δικαίωμα αυτοβλάβης. Εν συνεχεία εξετάζονται ο ρόλος και η αποτελεσματικότητα του ποινικού δικαίου ως μέσου για την καταπολέμηση της χρήσης ναρκωτικών σε συνάρτηση αφενός με τις προϋποθέσεις χαρακτηρισμού μίας πράξης ως ποινικά κολάσιμης και αφετέρου με το έννομο αγαθό που προσβάλλεται. Τέλος, επιχειρείται μία συνολική επισκόπηση των επιχειρημάτων υπέρ και κατά της αποποινικοποίησης της χρήσης και εκφράζονται προσωπικές σκέψεις και συμπεράσματα.
description: The aim of this paper is to examine the thorny issue of drug use and the effectiveness of the state's anti-crime policy through the criminalization of this act, and thus its intervention in the individual's freedom of self-determination. Initially, a brief analysis of Greek legislation regarding the handling of addictive substances from the past to the present is provided, along with an overview of the various legislative models adopted by European countries to limit the spread of drugs. Additionally, the types of paternalism and the model currently adopted by the Greek state are analyzed, while the constitutionally permissible limits of state intervention in the right to self-harm are also explored. Subsequently, the role and effectiveness of criminal law as a means of combating drug use are examined in conjunction with the conditions for classifying an act as criminally punishable and the legal interest that is infringed. Finally, an overall review of the arguments for and against the decriminalization of drug use is attempted, and personal thoughts and conclusions are expressed.
description: Σε συνεργασία με: Πανεπιστήμιο Λευκωσίας
Ilargus serratus Zhang & Maddison, 2012, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun-Xia
name: Maddison, Wayne P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Salticidae
Ilargus
Ilargus serratus

description: Ilargus serratus sp. nov.
Figs 84–91
Type material. Holotype: male, ECUADOR: Morona Santiago: km 13 from Limón towards Gualaceo, 3.0093° S, 78.4939° W, elev. 1750 m, 12 July 2004, coll. Maddison, Agnarsson, Iturralde, Salazar, WPM#04–034 (UBC-SEM AR00156, QCAZ). Paratypes: 1 female, same data as holotype (UBC-SEM AR00157); 1 female, same data as holotype.
Etymology. Latin adjective serratus (serrated), referring to the serrated edge of the retrolateral tibial apophysis of the male palp.
Diagnosis. Similar in the markings to Ilargus coccineus Simon (see Edwards et al. 2005), but can be distinguished by the less elongated body (Figs 84–85); the swollen part at the beginning of the copulatory duct (Fig. 91); the wider and branched embolus, and the serrated retrolateral tibial apophysis of the male palp (Figs 86–87).
Description. Male (holotype, UBC-SEM AR00156). Carapace length 1.7; abdomen length 2.1. Chelicera: pale yellow. Palp (Figs 86–87): yellowish to yellow brown with gray pigment. Palpal bulb wide; embolus long and coiled for less than a circle, branched from the base; retrolateral tibial apophysis finger-like with dorsal margin serrated; ventral tibial bump absent. Measurements of legs: I 4.6, II 3.7, III 4.4, IV 4.3. Color in alcohol (Fig. 84): carapace yellowish, with two dark brown wide stripes from anterior eyes to posterior end of carapace; abdomen yellowish, with two lateral dark brown stripes from anterior margin to posterior margin; first pair of legs yellow brown, other legs yellowish.
Female (paratype, UBC-SEM AR00157). Carapace length 2.2 (variation 2.0–2.2, n=2); abdomen length 2.2. Chelicera (Fig. 89): pale yellow. Measurements of legs: I 3.6, II 3.3, III 4.2, IV 4.5. Epigynum (Fig. 90): window large; median septum narrow; opening at anterior margin of window. Vulva (Fig. 91): copulatory duct thick, swollen at the beginning; spermatheca oval. Color in alcohol (Fig. 85): paler than that of male, stripes on carapace light orange, stripes on abdomen gray brown, all legs pale yellow.
description: Published as part of Zhang, Jun-Xia & Maddison, Wayne P., 2012, New euophryine jumping spiders from Central and South America (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae), pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 3578 on page 21, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.209883
Infurcitinea nigropluviella
Creators: name: Gaedike, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Tineidae
Infurcitinea
Infurcitinea nigropluviella

description: Infurcitinea nigropluviella (WALSINGHAM, 1907)
Material:
Iran: 1 , Fars, 10 km S Deh Bid, 2000 m, 14.vi.1996, leg. R. LINNAVUORI; FMNH. First record from Central Asia, previously known from Northern Africa (Tunisia, Algeria), from Greece, Cyprus, and from Turkey.
description: Published as part of Gaedike, Reinhard, 2011, New and poorly known Tineidae from the Western Palaearctic (Lepidoptera), pp. 357-370 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 61 (2) on page 361, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.61.2.357-370, http://zenodo.org/record/4752444
Garcinia (sect. Macrostigma) section Macrostigma Pierre
Creators: name: Ngernsaengsaruay, Chatchai
name: Chanton, Pichet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Clusiaceae
Garcinia
Garcinia section

description: Garcinia section Macrostigma Pierre, Fl. Forest. Cochinch. 1 (6): 63. 1883; M. Gaudeul et al., PhytoKeys 239: 94. 2024.
Type.
Garcinia latissima Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 1: 209. 1864.
Garcinia section Macrostigma is characterized by its axillary or terminal cymose inflorescences with two to many flowers (in a simple cyme or in fascicles of several simple cymes), or a solitary flower (in female flowers); 4 (– 5) - merous flowers [4 - merous, e. g., G. nuntasaenii; 5 - merous, e. g., G. phuongmaiensis, G. prainiana]; male flowers with numerous stamens united into a central column, sometimes lobed with lobes equaling number of petals [a single weakly 4 - lobed bundle, e. g., G. nuntasaenii], or into completely separate antepetalous bundles [united into 5 bundles, e. g., G. phuongmaiensis, G. prainiana]; androecium often adnate to the petals to varying degrees; 2 - thecous anthers; pistillode absent in male flowers, but rudimentary or well-developed pistillode present in some species; (– 3) 4–8 - locular ovaries; unlobed or lobed and smooth or papillate stigmas; and fruits with a smooth surface, unlobed or faintly, shallowly or deeply lobed. Distinguishing morphological characters of this section based on Gaudeul et al. 2024, which includes additional information.
A section of 29 species worldwide (Gaudeul et al. 2024); two species in Thailand (i. e., G. nuntasaenii and G. prainiana).
description: Published as part of Ngernsaengsaruay, Chatchai & Chanton, Pichet, 2024, A taxonomic revision of Garcinia sections Dicrananthera and Macrostigma (Clusiaceae) in Thailand, pp. 339-360 in PhytoKeys 248 on pages 339-360, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.248.130311
Uralella Makridin
Creators: name: Sandy, Michael R.
name: Hryniewicz, Krzysztof
name: Hammer, Øyvind
name: Nakrem, Hans Arne
name: Little, Crispin T. S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Brachiopoda
Rhynchonellata
Terebratulida
Terebratulidae
Uralella

description: Genus Uralella Makridin in Licharew, Makridin & Rzhonsnitskaya, 1960
Type species. Terebratula strogonofi d’Orbigny, 1845
description: Published as part of Sandy, Michael R., Hryniewicz, Krzysztof, Hammer, Øyvind, Nakrem, Hans Arne & Little, Crispin T. S., 2014, Brachiopods from Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep deposits, central Spitsbergen, Svalbard, pp. 501-532 in Zootaxa 3884 (6) on page 521, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3884.6.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4951742
Soil geochemistry survey for gold exploration at Kısacık area (Çanakkale, Ayvacık, Türkiye)
Creators: name: Vural, Alaaddin
Publisher: name: Periodico di Mineralogia
Year: 2024

description: The Kısacık gold deposit (Çanakkale, Türkiye) is a recently discovered area identified through soil geochemistry studies. Soil geochemistry surveys in the region commonly employed high detection limits for gold (40 ppb) and silver (5 ppm). Despite this disadvantage, a significant gold mineralization was discovered at the Kısacık site. This study has two main goals: establishing reliable threshold values for analyzed elements with high detection limits, and determining if the multi-element halo technique can reveal subtle anomalies that may be missed using single-element mapping. For this purpose, a total of 305 surface-soil samples collected from the area were investigated for the concentration and spatial distribution of gold and its seven pathfinder elements (Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Mo, Sb, and Ag). Frequency-based conventional methods and fractal/ multifractal-based concentration-number (C-N) method were used to calculate the threshold values, and robust threshold values were obtained with the C-N method. To prepare the distribution of element concentrations on a contour map, the data were used to calculate the variograms (ordinary Kriging prediction) of elements in soil in the area for spatial prediction. When the single element anomaly maps of all elements were assessed, no sufficient surface enrichment/anomaly halos were seen in the area. To enhance the data, the multi-element halo technique was used to create an anomaly map. From the anomaly maps formed via the multi-element halo technique, it can clearly be seen that they are an improvement on the single-element anomaly maps. Consequently, the multi-element halo technique seems to be more efficient in the assessment of vulnerable (weak) data and insufficient geochemical anomalies for geochemical explorations.
description: Periodico di Mineralogia, Vol. 93 No. 2 (2024)
Creoleon elegans Holzel 1968
Creators: name: Hassan, Muhammad Asghar
name: Oswald, John D.
name: Zia, Ahmed
name: Liu, Xingyue
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Neuroptera
Myrmeleontidae
Creoleon
Creoleon elegans

description: Creoleon elegans Hölzel, 1968
Creoleon elegans Hölzel, 1968: 27. Type locality: Iran (Sistan va Baluchestan: Iranshahr).
Distribution: Pakistan (Whittington 2002; Stange 2004),—Israel, Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Syria (Oswald 2018).
description: Published as part of Hassan, Muhammad Asghar, Oswald, John D., Zia, Ahmed & Liu, Xingyue, 2019, Neuropterida (Insecta: Megaloptera, Raphidioptera, Neuroptera) of Pakistan: a catalogue and faunistic review, pp. 497-541 in Zootaxa 4686 (4) on page 522, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4686.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3496529
Maeota Simon 1901
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun-Xia
name: Maddison, Wayne P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Salticidae
Maeota

description: Genus Maeota Simon, 1901
Diagnosis. They are medium sized spiders that usually live on foliage; the chelicera has two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth; first tibia has three pairs of ventral macrosetae, first metatarsus has two pairs; the embolus is coiled usually with the plane of the spiral more or less perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the bulb; the tegulum has a proximal lobe.
Remarks. The genus was described for Maeota dichrura Simon (see Simon 1901a), which is unique for the abnormally elongate posterior lateral spinneret in the male. However, unpublished molecular data discovered a group of species that are closely related to M. dichrura, but have no elongate posterior lateral spinneret in the male. Here we extend the delimitation of Maeota to include these closely related species.
description: Published as part of Zhang, Jun-Xia & Maddison, Wayne P., 2012, New euophryine jumping spiders from Central and South America (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae), pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 3578 on pages 22-24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.209883
Melikeriopalla Tappan and Loeblich 1971
Creators: name: García Muro, Victoria J.
name: Rubinstein, Claudia V.
name: Steemans, Philippe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Chlorophyta
Pyramimonadophyceae
Pseudoscourfieldiales
Pycnococcaceae
Melikeriopalla

description: Genus Melikeriopalla Tappan and Loeblich, 1971
 Type species: Melikeriopalla amydra Tappan and Loeblich, 1971; Waldron Formation, Indiana, USA; Wenlock.
description: Published as part of García Muro, Victoria J., Rubinstein, Claudia V. & Steemans, Philippe, 2018, Late Silurian palynomorphs from the Precordillera of San Juan, Argentina: Diversity, palaeoenvironmental and palaeogeographic significance, pp. 41-61 in Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 63 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.4202/app.00400.2017, http://zenodo.org/record/10626537
A nanopore sequencing-based pharmacogenomic panel to personalize tuberculosis drug dosing
Creators: name: Verma, Renu
name: da Silva, Kesia Esther
name: Rockwood, Neesha
name: Wasmann, Roeland E
name: Yende, Nombuso
name: Song, Taeksun
name: Kim, Eugene
name: Denti, Paolo
name: Wilkinson, Robert J
name: Andrews, Jason R
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: Infectious Disease
subject: Infectious Disease
classificationCode: Genetics & Genomics
subject: Genetics & Genomics

description: Rationale: Standardized dosing of antitubercular drugs leads to variable plasma drug levels, which are associated with adverse drug reactions, delayed treatment response, and relapse. Mutations in genes affecting drug metabolism explain considerable interindividual pharmacokinetic variability; however, pharmacogenomic assays that predict metabolism of antitubercular drugs have been lacking. Objectives: We sought to develop a Nanopore sequencing panel and validate its performance in patients with active tuberculosis (TB) to personalize treatment dosing. Methods: We developed a Nanopore sequencing panel targeting 15 SNPs in five genes affecting the metabolism of antitubercular drugs. For validation, we sequenced DNA samples (n = 48) from the 1,000 Genomes Project and compared the variant calling accuracy with that of Illumina genome sequencing. We then sequenced DNA samples from patients with active TB (n = 100) from South Africa on a MinION Mk1C and evaluated the relationship between genotypes and pharmacokinetic parameters for isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (RIF). Measurements and Main Results: The pharmacogenomic panel achieved 100% concordance with Illumina sequencing in variant identification for the samples from the 1,000 Genomes Project. In the clinical cohort, coverage was more than 100× for 1,498 of 1,500 (99.8%) amplicons across the 100 samples. Thirty-three percent, 47%, and 20% of participants were identified as slow, intermediate, and rapid INH acetylators, respectively. INH clearance was 2.2 times higher among intermediate acetylators and 3.8 times higher among rapid acetylators, compared with slow acetylators (P < 0.0001). RIF clearance was 17.3% (2.50-29.9) lower in individuals with homozygous AADAC rs1803155 G→A substitutions (P = 0.0015). Conclusions: Targeted sequencing can enable the detection of polymorphisms that influence TB drug metabolism on a low-cost, portable instrument to personalize dosing for TB treatment or prevention.
Maeota dorsalis Zhang & Maddison, 2012, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun-Xia
name: Maddison, Wayne P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Salticidae
Maeota
Maeota dorsalis

description: Maeota dorsalis sp. nov.
Figs 92–95
Type material. Holotype: male, BRAZIL: São Paulo: São Paulo, 2008, coll. G. Ruiz (UBC-SEM AR00158, IBSP #96121).
Etymology. Latin adjective dorsalis (dorsal), and refers to the dorsal apophysis on tibia of male palp.
Diagnosis. Differs from other Maeota species by the presence of a dorsal tibial apophysis of the male palp (Figs 94–95). This species can also be distinguished from Maeota flava by the marking on the dorsum of the male abdomen (Fig. 92); the shape of the embolic disc and the longer retrolateral tibial apophysis of the male palp (Figs 93–94).
Description. Male (holotype, UBC-SEM AR00158). Carapace length 1.4; abdomen length 1.3. Chelicera: gray brown. Palp (Figs 93–95): brown to yellowish, with gray pigment. Proximal tegular lobe large; retrolateral sperm duct loop very narrow; embolus relatively short and slightly coiled; retrolateral tibial apophysis finger-like; dorsal tibial apophysis present and slightly curved distally; ventral tibial bump present. Measurements of legs: I 2.6, II 2.5, III 3.0, IV 3.4. Color in alcohol (Fig. 92): carapace dark brown and yellow brown around fovea region, with a narrow medial stripe behind fovea and two lateral stripes composed of white scales; abdomen gray brown with many brownish speckles, and a wide sandy yellow stripe medially, ventral abdomen and legs sandy yellow without distinct markings.
Female. Unknown.
Natural history. The holotype was collected on low vegetation in an urban habitat.
description: Published as part of Zhang, Jun-Xia & Maddison, Wayne P., 2012, New euophryine jumping spiders from Central and South America (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae), pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 3578 on page 24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.209883
Infurcitinea turcica PETERSEN 1968
Creators: name: Gaedike, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Tineidae
Infurcitinea
Infurcitinea turcica

description: Infurcitinea turcica PETERSEN, 1968
Material:
Greece: 2  , Lesvos, NR near Keramia, 39°08'07"N, 26°26'08"E, 3. 10.vi.2009, leg. L. KAILA & J. KULLBERG; FMNH; SDEI; 1 , Lesvos, Skala Kallonis, Malemi hotel, 39°12'33"N, 26°12'13"E, 7.vi.2009, leg. L. KAILAKAILA & J. KULLBERG; FMNH: First record from Europe. Hitherto known only from Turkey.
description: Published as part of Gaedike, Reinhard, 2011, New and poorly known Tineidae from the Western Palaearctic (Lepidoptera), pp. 357-370 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 61 (2) on page 361, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.61.2.357-370, http://zenodo.org/record/4752444
Melikeriopalla undetermined
Creators: name: García Muro, Victoria J.
name: Rubinstein, Claudia V.
name: Steemans, Philippe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Chlorophyta
Pyramimonadophyceae
Pseudoscourfieldiales
Pycnococcaceae
Melikeriopalla
Melikeriopalla undetermined

description: cf. Melikeriopalla sp.
Fig. 9A–F.
 Material.— 14 specimens measured. Samples MPLP 1-61065 (U47 /2, W30 /3); MPLP 3-61058 (L33); MPLP 6-61061 (M31 /3); MPLP 7-61062 (D39, D45/3, P43 /3, P50 /3); MPLP 2-60704 (L26 /4); MPLP 3-60659 (F38 /3, R38 /1); MPLP 4-62521 (T40 /4, T40 /4); MPLP 6-60662 (J25 /2). Vesicle divided into filds by muri. Homerian–Ludfordian of Argentina. Cerro La Chilca and Quebrada Ancha localities, Los Espejos Formation.
 Description.— Vesicle square to sub-spherical, divided into 6–13 polygonal fields by thick muri. Each field is ornamented by a ring and/or a granum; when both are present the granum is located in the center of the ring.
 Dimensions.— Vesicle 16–(23)–30 μm, fields 6–(9)–12 μm, muri high 0.3–1 μm, grana high 0.5–(1)–3 μm, grana diameter 1–(3)–5 μm, rings high 0.3–(0.5)–1 μm, rings thick 0.5–(1.5)–3 μm (14 specimens measured; number in brackets is the mean value).
 Discussion.— According to the emended diagnosis of Mullins 2001), in the centre of each field a circular node beneath which a pore may or may not be present. Because of the poor preservation, the pore cannot be observed in the specimens from the Los Espejos Formation. The genus was assigned with doubts because no ring was described for Melikeriopalla.
description: Published as part of García Muro, Victoria J., Rubinstein, Claudia V. & Steemans, Philippe, 2018, Late Silurian palynomorphs from the Precordillera of San Juan, Argentina: Diversity, palaeoenvironmental and palaeogeographic significance, pp. 41-61 in Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 63 (1) on pages 45-46, DOI: 10.4202/app.00400.2017, http://zenodo.org/record/10626537
Maeota flava Zhang & Maddison, 2012, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun-Xia
name: Maddison, Wayne P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Salticidae
Maeota
Maeota flava

description: Maeota flava sp. nov.
Figs 96–98
Type material. Holotype: male, BRAZIL: São Paulo: São Paulo, 2008, coll. G. Ruiz (UBC-SEM AR00159, IBSP #96118).
Etymology. Latin adjective flava (yellow), referring to the yellowish color of the species.
Diagnosis. See the diagnoses of Maeota dorsalis and M. simoni. Differs from M. dichrura in the short spinnerets of the male (Fig. 96) and the narrower embolic spiral of the male palp (Fig. 97).
Description. Male (holotype, UBC-SEM AR00159). Carapace length 1.6; abdomen length 1.7. Chelicera: gray brown. Palp (Figs 97–98): yellowish. Retrolateral sperm duct loop less than half of the bulb width; embolus relatively short and slightly coiled; proximal tegular lobe obvious; retrolateral tibial apophysis finger-like; ventral tibial bump present; palpal patella slightly swollen. Measurements of legs: I 3.1, II 3.0, III 3.4, IV 3.8. Color in alcohol (Fig. 96): carapace dark brown to dark yellow brown, covered with brownish scales; abdomen gray brown with many brownish speckles and a medial brownish stripe, posterior part of the stripe with a few unobvious yellow brown bands, ventral abdomen grayish; legs sandy yellow.
Female. Unknown.
Natural history. The holotype was collected on low vegetation in an urban habitat.
description: Published as part of Zhang, Jun-Xia & Maddison, Wayne P., 2012, New euophryine jumping spiders from Central and South America (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae), pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 3578 on page 25, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.209883
Infurcitinea vanderwolfi GAEDIKE 1997
Creators: name: Gaedike, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Tineidae
Infurcitinea
Infurcitinea vanderwolfi

description: Infurcitinea vanderwolfi GAEDIKE, 1997
Material:
Croatia: 1 , Konjevrate, 11.vii.2007; leg. et coll. RICHTER.. First country record. Hitherto known only from Greece.
description: Published as part of Gaedike, Reinhard, 2011, New and poorly known Tineidae from the Western Palaearctic (Lepidoptera), pp. 357-370 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 61 (2) on page 361, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.61.2.357-370, http://zenodo.org/record/4752444
Uralella janimaniensis Makridin 1964
Creators: name: Sandy, Michael R.
name: Hryniewicz, Krzysztof
name: Hammer, Øyvind
name: Nakrem, Hans Arne
name: Little, Crispin T. S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Brachiopoda
Rhynchonellata
Terebratulida
Terebratulidae
Uralella

description: Uralella? cf. janimaniensis Makridin, 1964
Fig. 10.1–10.8
1964 cf. Uralella jani -maniensis new species—Makridin, p. 258, text-figs. 87, 88, pl. XIX, fig. 2, pl. XX, fig. 1.
Material and occurrence. Seep 3 (PMO 224.916?, PMO 224.921, PMO 224.928, PMO 224.938–939?, PMO 224.941, PMO 224.944).
Discussion. Specimens have a rounded quadrate outline and inflated profile that is suggestive of Uralella Makridin. The outline of the specimens compare to that of U. janimaniensis Makridin and U. strogonofi (d’Orbigny) in Makridin (1964, given as strogonowii, p. 254 and in text and plate captions; strogonovii in table 3). The rounder hinge line of the latter may help to differentiate these two forms. The outline is also reminiscent of specimens referred to Rouillieria aff. ovoides herein. Makridin (1964) recorded Uralella janimaniensis from the Upper Volgian. Uralella strogonofi was recorded from the Lower Volgian (Dagys 1968).
A single incomplete specimen that has a highly inflated profile is suggestive of Uralella. This specimen is tentatively referred to Uralella sp., specimen number PMO 224.943, from seep 3, Upper Volgian.
Stratigraphic and geographic distribution. Upper Volgian of Spitsbergen.
description: Published as part of Sandy, Michael R., Hryniewicz, Krzysztof, Hammer, Øyvind, Nakrem, Hans Arne & Little, Crispin T. S., 2014, Brachiopods from Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep deposits, central Spitsbergen, Svalbard, pp. 501-532 in Zootaxa 3884 (6) on pages 521-522, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3884.6.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4951742
Maeota simoni Zhang & Maddison, 2012, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun-Xia
name: Maddison, Wayne P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Salticidae
Maeota
Maeota simoni

description: Maeota simoni sp. nov.
Figs 99–101, 145
Type material. Holotype: male, PANAMA: Panamá: Panama City, Parque Metropolitano, 8.99442° N, 79.54301° W, elev. 96 m, 29 September 2008, beating at ground level, coll. J. Zhang & G. B. Edwards, JXZ08#013 (UBC- SEM AR00160). Paratype: 1 male, same data as holotype.
Etymology. The specific epithet is a patronym in honor of Eugène Simon, who made great contributions to the systematics of jumping spiders.
Diagnosis. Similar to Maeota flava in color pattern (Fig. 99), but differs in the narrower embolic spiral, the smaller embolic disc, the narrower palpal bulb, the shape of the retrolateral tibial apophysis and the absence of the ventral tibial bump of the male palp (Figs 100–101).
Description. Male (holotype, UBC-SEM AR00160). Carapace length 1.2 (variation 1.2–1.3, n=2); abdomen length 1.2. Palp (Figs 100–101): dark yellow brown. Spiral of embolus relatively narrow; proximal tegular lobe present; retrolateral tibial apophysis finger-like, abruptly narrowed at the tip; ventral tibial bump absent. Measurements of legs: I 2.5, II 2.2, III 2.7, IV 3.0. Color in alcohol (Fig. 99): carapace dark brown, covered with white scales, eye area also with orange scales, with a narrow and short brownish stripe behind fovea; abdomen yellow brown to gray brown, with a wide medial sandy yellow stripe and many small brownish speckles; first pair of legs yellow brown, with dark markings, other legs pale yellow.
Female. Unknown.
Natural history. Specimens were found beating foliage in wet forest.
description: Published as part of Zhang, Jun-Xia & Maddison, Wayne P., 2012, New euophryine jumping spiders from Central and South America (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae), pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 3578 on pages 25-26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.209883
Seductorithyris Sandy & Hryniewicz & Hammer & Nakrem & Little 2014, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Sandy, Michael R.
name: Hryniewicz, Krzysztof
name: Hammer, Øyvind
name: Nakrem, Hans Arne
name: Little, Crispin T. S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Brachiopoda
Rhynchonellata
Terebratulida
Loboidothyrididae
Seductorithyris

description: Genus Seductorithyris gen. nov.
Diagnosis. Round outline, with the dorsal valve almost circular. Profile equi- to gently ventribiconvex. Smooth shell with growth lines. Erect beak. Ventral valve umbo keeled. Lateral commissure straight, anterior commissure rectimarginate. Internal structures: cardinal process present, flat/horizontal and wide hinge plates deflect dorsally, crural bases develop on inner margin of hinge plates, clubbed and weakly deflected dorsally. Transverse band curved, low-arched, and approximately at mid-point of brachidium, anterior flanges long.
Etymology. For the deceptive way that homoeomorphy among brachiopods may mask their affinities (deceiver—latin seductor).
Occurrence. Uppermost Ryazanian of Spitsbergen.
Type species. Seductorithyris septemtrionalis sp. nov.
description: Published as part of Sandy, Michael R., Hryniewicz, Krzysztof, Hammer, Øyvind, Nakrem, Hans Arne & Little, Crispin T. S., 2014, Brachiopods from Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep deposits, central Spitsbergen, Svalbard, pp. 501-532 in Zootaxa 3884 (6) on page 522, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3884.6.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4951742
Creoleon irene Banks 1939
Creators: name: Hassan, Muhammad Asghar
name: Oswald, John D.
name: Zia, Ahmed
name: Liu, Xingyue
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Neuroptera
Myrmeleontidae
Creoleon
Creoleon irene

description: Creoleon irene Banks, 1939
Gama irene Banks, 1939a: 456. Type species: India (Darjeeling: Mysore).
Distribution: Pakistan: Punjab prov., Faisalabad div., Faisalabad dist.; Multan div., Khanewal dist.; Sargodha div., Sargodha dist. (Iqbal & Yousuf 1997; Stange 2004),—India (Oswald 2018).
description: Published as part of Hassan, Muhammad Asghar, Oswald, John D., Zia, Ahmed & Liu, Xingyue, 2019, Neuropterida (Insecta: Megaloptera, Raphidioptera, Neuroptera) of Pakistan: a catalogue and faunistic review, pp. 497-541 in Zootaxa 4686 (4) on page 522, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4686.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3496529
UNRAVELING THE MYSTERY OF ENGLISH FRICATIVES: CHALLENGES FOR KUWAITI ARABIC UNDERGRADUATES
Creators: name: Fatima Ahmed, Al-Mansoori
Publisher: name: SS journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: English Language, Kuwaiti Learners, Language Acquisition, Learning Difficulties, Language Education

description: The English language's global prominence is undebatable, serving as a lingua franca across the world. It boasts the status of an academic language and a medium of instruction in most countries. Additionally, it holds the official language designation in numerous nations and is widely taught and used as a medium of instruction in the Arab world. This linguistic influence extends its reach to countless regions. However, despite numerous studies delving into the learning challenges faced by adult Arabic speakers when acquiring English, a specific examination of this issue within the context of Kuwaiti learners of English remains conspicuously absent. This research endeavors to bridge this gap by providing an in-depth exploration of the unique learning difficulties experienced by Kuwaiti learners of English. By shedding light on the intricacies of this specific language learning context, this study contributes to a broader understanding of language acquisition challenges and facilitates targeted pedagogical approaches to address these issues
Infurcitinea corleyi Gaedike 2011, sp. n.
Creators: name: Gaedike, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Tineidae
Infurcitinea
Infurcitinea corleyi

description: Infurcitinea corleyi sp. n.
Material:
Holotype , “ Portugal, Montesinho, Trás-os-Montes, 9.vii.2009, leg. M. F. V. CORLEY;” “Gen. präp. [genitalia slide] GAEDIKE Nr. 7382;” “ Holotypus  Infurcitinea corleyicorleyi sp. n., det. R. GAEDIKE 2011;” SDEI. - Paratypes: 1 , same dates, genitalia slide CORLEYCORLEY No. 3348; coll. CORLEY; 1 , “ Portugal, Lama Grande, Montesinho, Trás-os-Montes, 10.vii.2009, leg. M. F. V. CORLEY;” genitalia slide CORLEYCORLEY No. 3283; coll. CORLEY; 1 specimen without abdomen, “ Portugal, Poco do Inferno, Serra da Estrela, 12.vii.2009, leg. M. F. V. CORLEY; coll. CORLEY.
Description (Fig. 4):
Wingspan 8 mm; head brush clay-brown, somewhat reddish, the area above palpi up to insertion of antennae lighter than the area above neck; antenna dark grey-brown; labial palpi inside whitish, outside dark grey-brown, second segment bristled; thorax and tegulae dark greybrown; forewing dark grey-brown with pattern of some whitish patches and stripes. Whitish are patches on dorsum at 1/3, reaching cell and on beginn of fringe, a short stripe on costa at 1/2 and a small hook-shaped stripe on costa before apex, fringe with dark scale-line; hindwing grey.
Male genitaliagenitalia (Figs 14-16): Uncus narrow, tegumen lateral cloth-shaped enlarged, ventral very narrow, edged; valva basally rounded, basal edge stronger sclerotized, costal arm after 1/2 narrowed, the oval tip with numerous strong bristles; the two valvae ventrally connected with a hyaline skin with a field of very long bristles, phallus as long as valva, basally broad, rounded, bent to tip with two small spines.
Female genitalia: Unknown.
Etymology: Named after my collegue Martin F. V. CORLEY, the collector of the type series.
Remarks:
Superficially similar to I. ignicomella, but the shape of genitalia distinguishes it clear.
description: Published as part of Gaedike, Reinhard, 2011, New and poorly known Tineidae from the Western Palaearctic (Lepidoptera), pp. 357-370 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 61 (2) on page 362, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.61.2.357-370, http://zenodo.org/record/4752444
Soesilarishius Makhan 2007
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun-Xia
name: Maddison, Wayne P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Salticidae
Soesilarishius

description: Genus Soesilarishius Makhan, 2007
Diagnosis. Small spiders mainly found in leaf litter. Male abdomen sometimes with a relatively sclerotized area on the dorsum. Chelicera with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth. Embolus of male palp usually not coiled; distal hematodocha sometimes reduced. Epigynal window usually absent; epigynum often with groove or transverse roof. Similar in the reduced embolic spiral to Anasaitis, but differs in the absence of iridescent scales on the body, the longer embolus and the developed copulatory duct.
Remarks. Nine species have been reported from the South America (Makhan 2007; Ruiz 2011). An additional two species from Ecuador and Brazil are described here.
description: Published as part of Zhang, Jun-Xia & Maddison, Wayne P., 2012, New euophryine jumping spiders from Central and South America (Araneae: Salticidae: Euophryinae), pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 3578 on page 26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.209883
Stenoptinea cyaneimarmorella
Creators: name: Gaedike, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Tineidae
Stenoptinea
Stenoptinea cyaneimarmorella

description: Stenoptinea cyaneimarmorella (MILLIÈRE, 1854)
Material:
Spain: Canary Islands: 1 , Tenerife, Las Moraditas, Bco de Taucho, 19.iii.2010, leg. et coll. WERNO. First record for Canary Islands.
Previously known from nearly whole Europe, from Lebanon, Algeria, Tunisia and from Russian Far East.
description: Published as part of Gaedike, Reinhard, 2011, New and poorly known Tineidae from the Western Palaearctic (Lepidoptera), pp. 357-370 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 61 (2) on page 362, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.61.2.357-370, http://zenodo.org/record/4752444
Sagola unuwhaoensis Park and Carlton, new species
Creators: name: Park, J. - S.
name: Carlton, C. E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Sagola
Sagola unuwhaoensis

description: Sagola unuwhaoensis Park and Carlton, new species
(Figs. 25c, 25f, 26)
Type Material. Holotype. NEW ZEALAND: Northland: 1♂ (NZAC), aedeagus dissected and mounted in balsam on a clear plastic card, “ NEW ZEALAND, ND Unuwhao, 270m, 25 Nov 1982 G. Kuschel ” “sifted litter and decayed wood 82/125”, “ N.Z. Arthropod Collection, NZAC Private Bag 92170 AUCKLAND New Zealand”, “ HOLOTYPE Sagola unuwhaoensis Park and Carlton 2013 ”.
Etymology. This species is named after the type locality, Unuwhao, Northland.
Diagnosis. This species is similar in appearance to other members of this species-group but can be distinguished by the shape of the antennae and genitalia.
Description of Male. Length 2.8 mm. Body reddish brown, antennae, elytra, legs, and maxillary palpi paler (Fig. 25c). Head: Transverse, widest across temples (Fig. 25c). Antennomeres 2–3 subquadrate, 4–6 longer than wide, 7–10 subquadrate. Eye small and prominent, one-third length of temple. Thorax: Prosternum weakly transverse, widest at midpoint. Elytra rectangular (Fig. 25c). Meso- and metathorax trapezoidal, as long as wide. Aedeagus: Median lobe slender, slightly shorter than parameres (Fig. 25f). Phallobase of median lobe asymmetrical and rounded (Fig. 25f). Parameres symmetrical with dense setae along midline and thick setae apically (Fig. 25f).
Distribution. Northland (Fig. 26: black square).
Habitat. The holotype and only known specimen of this species was collected by sifting leaf litter and decayed wood.
description: Published as part of Park, J. - S. & Carlton, C. E., 2014, A revision of the New Zealand species of the genus Sagola Sharp (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae: Faronitae), pp. 1-156 in The Coleopterists Bulletin (mo 13) (mo 13) 68 on page 50, DOI: 10.1649/072.068.0mo4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4907735
Zittelina Rollier 1919
Creators: name: Sandy, Michael R.
name: Hryniewicz, Krzysztof
name: Hammer, Øyvind
name: Nakrem, Hans Arne
name: Little, Crispin T. S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Brachiopoda
Rhynchonellata
Terebratulida
Kingenidae
Zittelina

description: Genus Zittelina Rollier, 1919
Type species. Terebratula orbis Quenstedt, 1858
description: Published as part of Sandy, Michael R., Hryniewicz, Krzysztof, Hammer, Øyvind, Nakrem, Hans Arne & Little, Crispin T. S., 2014, Brachiopods from Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous hydrocarbon seep deposits, central Spitsbergen, Svalbard, pp. 501-532 in Zootaxa 3884 (6) on page 526, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3884.6.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4951742
Distoleon luteomaculatus Holzel 1972
Creators: name: Hassan, Muhammad Asghar
name: Oswald, John D.
name: Zia, Ahmed
name: Liu, Xingyue
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Neuroptera
Myrmeleontidae
Distoleon
Distoleon luteomaculatus

description: Distoleon luteomaculatus Hölzel 1972
Distoleon luteomaculatus Hölzel, 1972: 57. Type locality: Afghanistan (Kabul: Paghman).
Distribution: Pakistan (Stange 2004),—Afghanistan, Turkey (Oswald 2018).
description: Published as part of Hassan, Muhammad Asghar, Oswald, John D., Zia, Ahmed & Liu, Xingyue, 2019, Neuropterida (Insecta: Megaloptera, Raphidioptera, Neuroptera) of Pakistan: a catalogue and faunistic review, pp. 497-541 in Zootaxa 4686 (4) on page 523, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4686.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/3496529
Digonis Butler 1882
Creators: name: Ramos-González, Mario I.
name: Venegas-González, María Francisca
name: Zamora-Manzur, Carlos
name: Parra, Luis E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Digonis

description: Digonis Butler, 1882
Digonis Butler, 1882: 360; Bartlett-Calvert 1886: 333; Angulo and Casanueva 1981: 12; Scoble 1999: 229; Pitkin 2002: 248.
Type species.
Digonis aspersa Butler, 1882. By original designation.
Diagnosis.
Digonis resembles Digonodes Warren, 1895, Gonogala Butler, 1882, and the newly proposed genus Phasmadigonis gen. nov. particularly due to the mucronate shape of the wings. However, it is distinguished from Digonodes by the presence of a mucronate outer margin on the M 3 of the hindwings and the presence of filiform (not bipectinate) antennae. It is recognized as distinct from Gonogala by the absence of bipectinate antennae and M 2 in the hindwings. It differs from Phasmadigonis by the presence of two accessory areoles in the forewings, R 2 arising from R 3 + 4, and the absence of a vein connecting Sc + R 1 to the discal cell in the hindwings. The monophyly of Digonis is supported by the following genital characters: a U-shaped gnathos with a plate or a pair of denticulate lobes, a concave, sclerotized process on the costa with an extended cucullus, a furca armed with spines, an aedeagus without cornuti, and a strongly denticulate annular signum.
Redescription.
Antennae serrate in males and filiform in females. Thorax and abdomen with brown to grayish scales. Forewings castaneous yellowish, gray, brown, or coppery; costal margin in the apical area slightly arched; outer margin concave between apex and M 3 vein. Wing venation (Fig. 1). Two accessory cells; Sc in contact with first accessory cell, R 1 originates near apex of second accessory cell, R 2 + 3 + 4 from apex of second accessory cell, R 3 and R 4 stalked, R 5 terminates at termen; M 2 equidistant between M 1 and M 3, M 3 slightly arched and ending in small mucronate apex; CuA 1 originates 1 / 10 before end of cell, CuA 2 originates near the midpoint of the cell. Hindwings paler than forewings, with multiple dark brown scattered spots; medial band conspicuous or faint; outer margin slightly mucronate. Sc + R 1 in contact with radial stem up to middle of cell, Rs originates 1 / 10 before end of cell, M 2 absent. Male genitalia with conical uncus; gnathos “ U ” shaped, with a pair of prominences or a denticulated plate; subrectangular valvae with a strong sclerotized and concave costal process; spiny furca; aedeagus unarmed. Female genitalia with subpyriform corpus bursae, annular and strongly denticulated signum.
Distribution.
This genus is distributed between latitudes 30 ° S and 47 ° S, spanning the provinces from Elqui to Capitán Prat in Chile.
description: Published as part of Ramos-González, Mario I., Venegas-González, María Francisca, Zamora-Manzur, Carlos & Parra, Luis E., 2024, Revision of the genus Digonis (Lepidoptera, Geometridae): new species and new genera, pp. 173-200 in ZooKeys 1216 on pages 173-200, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1216.129923
Sagola incisa
Creators: name: Park, J. - S.
name: Carlton, C. E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Sagola
Sagola incisa

description: 8. incisa species-group
(3 species)
Diagnosis. The members of the incisa speciesgroup can be distinguished from other Sagola species-groups by the following combination of characters: body length 2.2–2.9 mm; antennomere 1 approximately 2.5 times longer than wide with dull surface; anterior frontal fovea oval, posterior frontal fovea elongate (Fig. 25g); frontal sulcus reaching length of vertexal fovea (Fig. 25g); gular region of male head with round depression with small process in middle (Fig. 25h: arrow); hind wings well-developed; fore and mid-femur with semicircular depression; mid-tibia bent; male tergite IV with microtrichial patch covering most of the surface; abdominal tergites IV–VI with discal carinae; known from North Island and Three Kings Islands (Fig. 26).
KEY TO SPECIES OF THE INCISA SPECIES- GROUP
The key is based on genitalia because most specimens are indistinguishable based on external morphology.
1. Median lobe of genitalia much shorter than parameres, never reaching midpoint of paramere; parameres asymmetrical (Fig. 25e) ................ S. deformipes Broun
1′. Median lobe of genitalia shorter than parameres but exceeding midpoint of paramere; parameres symmetrical..........2
2(1′). Median lobe of genitalia reaching twothirds level of parameres, phallobase of genitalia rectangular (Fig. 25d); only known from Three Kings Islands (Fig. 26: black circles)................................................ .................... S. incisa Théry and Leschen
2.′ Median lobe of genitalia reaching almost apices of parameres, phallobase of genitalia round (Fig. 25f); only known from Northland (Fig. 26: black square)........................ .................... S. unuwhaoensis new species
description: Published as part of Park, J. - S. & Carlton, C. E., 2014, A revision of the New Zealand species of the genus Sagola Sharp (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae: Faronitae), pp. 1-156 in The Coleopterists Bulletin (mo 13) (mo 13) 68 on pages 47-48, DOI: 10.1649/072.068.0mo4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4907735