cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Brane Universes with Gauss-Bonnet-Induced-Gravity
Creators: name: Brown, Richard A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The DGP brane world model allows us to get the observed late time acceleration via modified gravity, without the need for a ``dark energy'' field. This can then be generalised by the inclusion of high energy terms, in the form of a Gauss-Bonnet bulk. This is the basis of the Gauss-Bonnet-Induced-Gravity (GBIG) model explored here with both early and late time modifications to the cosmological evolution. Recently the simplest GBIG models (Minkowski bulk and no brane tension) have been analysed. Two of the three possible branches in these models start with a finite density ``Big-Bang'' and with late time acceleration. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of more general models where we include a bulk cosmological constant and brane tension. We show that by including these factors it is possible to have late time phantom behaviour.
description: 12 pages, 19 figures. Minor modifications to text, comments on phantom behaviour added. References added. As submitted to JCAP
Adaptive synchronization of dynamics on evolving complex networks
Creators: name: Sorrentino, Francesco
name: Ott, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the problem of synchronizing a general complex network by means of an adaptive strategy in the case where the network topology is slowly time varying and every node receives at each time only one aggregate signal from the set of its neighbors. We introduce an appropriately defined potential that each node seeks to minimize in order to reach/maintain synchronization. We show that our strategy is effective in tracking synchronization as well as in achieving synchronization when appropriate conditions are met.
description: Accepted for publication on Physical Review Letters
Additional file 1 of Bullying at school and mental health problems among adolescents: a repeated cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Källmén, Håkan
name: Hallgren, Mats
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Principal factor analysis description.
UV photometry of spotted stars in the horizontal branch of the globular cluster NGC 2808 using AstroSat
Creators: name: Prabhu, Deepthi S.
name: Subramaniam, Annapurni
name: Sahu, Snehalata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent study of hot (20,000 to 30,000 K) extreme horizontal branch (EHB) stars in globular clusters (GCs) has led to the discovery of their variability. It is suggested that this variability is driven by the projected rotation of magnetic spots on the stellar surfaces and is expected to have higher amplitudes at shorter wavelengths. Here, we present the analysis of such hot stars in the massive GC NGC 2808 using the Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT), aboard AstroSat. We use the UVIT data in combination with the Hubble Space Telescope UV Globular Cluster Survey (HUGS) data for the central region (within $\sim$ $2.7'$ $\times$ $2.7'$) and ground-based optical photometry for the outer parts of the cluster. We generate the far-UV (FUV) - optical colour-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) and in these we find a population of hot EHB stars fainter than the zero-age horizontal branch (ZAHB) model. A comparison of our FUV magnitudes of the already reported variable EHB stars (vEHBs) shows that the longest period vEHBs are the faintest, along with a tentative correlation between rotation period and UV magnitude of spotted stars. In order to firmly establish any correlation, further study is essential.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy
Diversity of litter spiders (Araneae) in a successional Douglas-fir forest in British Columbia
Creators: name: Brumwell, Lisa J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Litter spiders were collected at two locations by pitfall trapping: Victoria Watershed South, and Koksilah, located on south-eastern Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Sites were in Douglas-fir forest (in the Coastal Western Hemlock region) and contained four forest successional stages: Regeneration (3-8 years), Immature (25-45 years), Mature (65-85 years), and Old-Growth (>200 years). Thirty-two species were collected in families selected to represent litter spiders. Several of the collected species are listed as potentially rare and endangered in British Columbia. The collection of Zora hespera is the first record of the family Zoridae in Canada. Intraspecific comparisons revealed three distinct distribution patterns: generalists, regeneration specialists, and intermediate forest specialists (spiders prefering the Immature and Mature successional stages). These patterns can be related to biological information regarding individual species. Species richness measures and diversity indices indicated that the regeneration sites have the greatest species richness. There was no significant difference between the remaining three successional stages. Factors affecting the distribution of spider species in the forest litter are discussed.
A general formula for the algebraic degree in semidefinite programming
Creators: name: von Bothmer, Hans-Christian Graf
name: Ranestad, Kristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H, 90C22

description: In this note, we use a natural desingularization of the conormal variety of the variety of n x n symmetric matrices of rank at most r to find a general formula for the algebraic degree in semidefinite programming.
description: 6 Pages
Guidelines for energy efficiency HBIM development of existing buildings
Creators: name: Gigliarelli, Elena
name: Calcerano, Filippo
name: Martinelli, Letizia
name: Thravalou, Stavroula
name: Alexandrou, Kristis
name: Artopoulos, Georgios
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Heritage Building Information Modeling
Building Performance Simulation
Built Heritage
interoperability
Energy Audit
Guideline
Energy and Environmental Improvement
Geometric Survey
Conservation state
Heat Flux Meter analysis
Indoor monitoring
IR thermography
Simulation calibration

description: This pdf provides a technical guideline for an energy audit of a historical building to support its energy and environmental improvement (as shown in the Energy Audit Process Flow schema based on the EN 16247-2:2014, see par 1.4), from the analyses to the design stage up to the Energy Performance Contracting implementation. Each section of the guideline can also be used as technical specification for tender activities, along with the related template Annex. This guidelines’ document was developed within the ENI CBC Med BEEP project and aims to enhance the capacity of public local administrations to design, and realise innovative energy and environmental improvement on historic public buildings, through a multidisciplinary and integrated digital approach (using Building Information Modelling and performance-based design to develop an Energy Efficient Heritage Building Information Model - EE-HBIM). The guideline is based on the testing of this emerging technology on built heritage in eight different EU and non EU Mediterranean countries to demonstrate its scalability to the entire building stock of the Med area. The project will provide public administrations with a powerful method for the energy rehabilitation of public buildings to be supported with private funds through the Energy Performance Contracting. The HBIM model should integrate previously collected information on the building (geometric, diagnostic, environmental data), to create a comprehensive documentation of the building's current state. Moreover, the HBIM model will be used as a basis to inform the subsequent simulation-based energy-environmental improvement concept, through energy renovation scenarios that are both compatible with the identified historic buildings and capable to enhance its energy and environmental performance.
Random matrix analysis of network Laplacians
Creators: name: Jalan, Sarika
name: Bandyopadhyay, Jayendra N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze eigenvalues fluctuations of the Laplacian of various networks under the random matrix theory framework. Analyses of random networks, scale-free networks and small-world networks show that nearest neighbor spacing distribution of the Laplacian of these networks follow Gaussian orthogonal ensemble statistics of random matrix theory. Furthermore, we study nearest neighbor spacing distribution as a function of the random connections and find that transition to the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble statistics occurs at the small-world transition.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, replaced with the final version
Energy distribution of small-scale flares derived using genetic algorithm
Creators: name: Kawai, Toshiki
name: Imada, Shinsuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To understand the mechanism of coronal heating, it is crucial to derive the contribution of small-scale flares, the so-called nanoflares, to the heating up of the solar corona. To date, several studies have tried to derive the occurrence frequency distribution of flares as a function of energy to reveal the contribution of small-scale flares. However, there are no studies that derive the distribution with considering the following conditions: (1) evolution of the coronal loop plasma heated by small-scale flares, (2) loops smaller than the spatial resolution of the observed image, and (3) multiwavelength observation. To take into account these conditions, we introduce a new method to analyze small-scale flares statistically based on a one-dimensional loop simulation and a machine learning technique, that is, genetic algorithm. First, we obtain six channels of SDO/AIA light curves of the active-region coronal loops. Second, we carry out many coronal loop simulations and obtain the SDO/AIA light curves for each simulation in a pseudo-manner. Third, using the genetic algorithm, we estimate the best combination of simulated light curves that reproduce the observation. Consequently, the observed coronal loops are heated by small-scale flares with energy flux larger than that typically required to heat up an active region intermittently. Moreover, we derive the occurrence frequency distribution which have various power-law indices in the range from 1 to 3, which partially supports the nanoflare heating model. In contrast, we find that $90\%$ of the coronal heating is done by flares that have energy larger than $10^{25}~\mathrm{erg}$.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures
BOSHLANG'ICH SINF O'QUVCHILARI BOG'LANISHLI NUTQINI  O'STIRISHDA RAQAMLI TEXNOLOGIYANING O'RNI
Creators: name: G'aniyeva  Muhabbat Lutfullayevna, Shahrisabz davlat pedagogika  instituti o'qituvchisi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Raqamli  texnologiya,  bolaning  nutqiy  rivojlanish  jarayonini  boshqaruvchisi pedagog, nutqiy rivojlanishning individual xususiyatlari.
On the separation between RR Lyrae and Type II Cepheids and their importance for distance determination: the case of $ω$ Cen
Creators: name: Braga, V. F.
name: Bono, G.
name: Fiorentino, G.
name: Stetson, P. B.
name: Dall'Ora, M.
name: Salaris, M.
name: da Silva, R.
name: Fabrizio, M.
name: Marinoni, S.
name: Marrese, P. M.
name: Mateo, M.
name: Matsunaga, N.
name: Monelli, M.
name: Wallerstein, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The separation between RR Lyrae (RRLs) and Type II Cepheid (T2Cs) variables based on their period is debated. Both types of variable stars are distance indicators and we aim to promote the use of T2Cs as distance indicators in synergy with RRLs. We adopted new and existing optical and Near-Infrared (NIR) photometry of \wcen~to investigate several diagnostics (colour-magnitude diagram, Bailey diagram, Fourier decomposition of the light curve, amplitude ratios) for their empirical separation. We found that the classical period threshold at 1 day is not universal and does not dictate the evolutionary stage: V92 has a period of 1.3 days but is likely to be still in its core Helium-burning phase, typical of RRLs. We also derived NIR Period-Luminosity relations and found a distance modulus of 13.65$\pm$0.07 (err.)$\pm$0.01 ($σ$) mag, in agreement with the recent literature. We also found that RRLs and T2Cs obey the same PL relations in the NIR. This equivalence gives the opportunity to adopt RRLs+T2Cs as an alternative to classical Cepheids to calibrate the extragalactic distance scale.
SU(2) nonstandard bases: the case of mutually unbiased bases
Creators: name: Albouy, O.
name: Kibler, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper deals with bases in a finite-dimensional Hilbert space. Such a space can be realized as a subspace of the representation space of SU(2) corresponding to an irreducible representation of SU(2). The representation theory of SU(2) is reconsidered via the use of two truncated deformed oscillators. This leads to replace the familiar scheme {j^2, j_z} by a scheme {j^2, v(ra)}, where the two-parameter operator v(ra) is defined in the enveloping algebra of the Lie algebra su(2). The eigenvectors of the commuting set of operators {j^2, v(ra)} are adapted to a tower of chains SO(3) > C(2j+1), 2j integer, where C(2j+1) is the cyclic group of order 2j+1. In the case where 2j+1 is prime, the corresponding eigenvectors generate a complete set of mutually unbiased bases. Some useful relations on generalized quadratic Gauss sums are exposed in three appendices.
description: 33 pages; version2: rescaling of generalized Hadamard matrices, acknowledgment and references added, misprints corrected; version 3: published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/ (22 pages)
White Paper on Equity-Focused Science Education Outside the Classroom
Creators: name: Durall, Eva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Science Education
STEM
Access
Equity
Co-Design
Diversity
Inclusion

description: This White Paper introduces a set of action areas and strategies to develop equity-focused science education outside the classroom. The document targets decision-makers, funders and policy-makers in informal science education and aims to be a tool that helps integrate equity in their practice from a holistic approach. The White Paper is part of the Horizon 2020 research and innovation project SySTEM 2020: Science Learning Outside the Classroom, which seeks to bring understanding on aspects related to the scientific literacy of children and teenagers, as well as ideate, design and evaluate solutions to support informal science education.
Information Processing Capacity of Spin-Based Quantum Reservoir Computing Systems
Creators: name: Martínez-Peña, R.
name: Nokkala, J.
name: Giorgi, G. L.
name: Zambrini, R.
name: Soriano, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical behaviour of complex quantum systems can be harnessed for information processing. With this aim, quantum reservoir computing (QRC) with Ising spin networks was recently introduced as a quantum version of classical reservoir computing. In turn, reservoir computing is a neuro-inspired machine learning technique that consists in exploiting dynamical systems to solve nonlinear and temporal tasks. We characterize the performance of the spin-based QRC model with the Information Processing Capacity (IPC), which allows to quantify the computational capabilities of a dynamical system beyond specific tasks. The influence on the IPC of the input injection frequency, time multiplexing, and different measured observables encompassing local spin measurements as well as correlations, is addressed. We find conditions for an optimum input driving and provide different alternatives for the choice of the output variables used for the readout. This work establishes a clear picture of the computational capabilities of a quantum network of spins for reservoir computing. Our results pave the way to future research on QRC both from the theoretical and experimental points of view.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures. To be published in Cognitive Computation
Marginal intermediate statistics in the excited spectra of E\otimes (b_1+b_2) Jahn-Teller systems
Creators: name: Majernikova, E.
name: Shpyrko, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The long-range spectral density correlations (spectral rigidities $\barΔ_3(\bar n)$ and related spectral compressibilities) of the $E\otimes (b_1+b_2)$ Jahn-Teller model are found strongly nonuniversal with respect to the Hamiltonian parameters and inhomogeneous with respect to the choice of a partial energy segment. However, the spectral compressibilities found for the partial spectral segments and averaged over a whole relevant part of the spectrum cumulate close to a well-defined limit pertaining to the semi-Poisson statistics. This is in accordance with similar tendencies revealed in the short-range averaged statistical characteristics of this model investigated in our previous paper [1]. We ascribe the nonuniversal and inhomogeneous nonintegrability behaviour to the changing degree of the brokening of the rotation symmetry when changing parameters of our effectively two-dimensional model. It results in a random distribution of the respective localized wave functions at all scales up to the size of an available state space. The multifractal behaviour of the wave functions is implied from the analysis of their (averaged) fractal dimensions which range up to $1.5\pm 0.1$ (for $\bar{D}_2$). This might imply the concept of the chaos-assisted tunnelling between the regions of reduced degree of stochasticity through regions of high degree of stochasticity. It supports the analogy with the two-dimensional Anderson model with marginal-asymptotically far metal-insulator transition. The features found allow us to classify the present model as a member of the class with a multifractal eigenfunction statistics characteristic for the spectra with weakened level repulsion similar to the Anderson model close to the metal-insulator transition.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures; published in J.Phys.A; sequel of Phys.Rev.E v.73, 057202 (2006) [cond-mat/0510710]
WEARABLE BIG DATA HARNESSING WITH DEEP LEARNING, EDGE COMPUTING AND EFFICIENCY OPTIMIZATION
Creators: name: Zou, Jiadao
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 400304
subject: Biomedical imaging
classificationCode: 460102
subject: Applications in health
classificationCode: 460209
subject: Planning and decision making
classificationCode: 460303
subject: Computational imaging
classificationCode: 460308
subject: Pattern recognition
classificationCode: 460806
subject: Human-computer interaction

description: In this dissertation, efforts and innovations are made to advance subtle pattern mining, edge computing, and system efficiency optimization for biomedical applications, thereby advancing precision medicine big data.Brain visual dynamics encode rich functional and biological patterns of the neural system, promising for applications like intention decoding, cognitive load quantization and neural disorder measurement. We here focus on the understanding of the brain visual dynamics for the Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) population. We leverage a deep learning framework for automatic feature learning and classification, which can translate the eye Electrooculography (EOG) signal to meaningful words. We then build an edge computing platform on the smart phone, for learning, visualization, and decoded word demonstration, all in real-time. In a further study, we have leveraged deep transfer learning to boost EOG decoding effectiveness. More specifically, the model trained on basic eye movements is leveraged and treated as an additional feature extractor when classifying the signal to the meaningful word, resulting in higher accuracy.Efforts are further made to decoding functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) signal, which encodes rich brain dynamics like the cognitive load. We have proposed a novel Multi-view Multi-channel Graph Neural Network (mmGNN). More specifically, we propose to mine the multi-channel fNIRS dynamics with a multi-stage GNN that can effectively extract the channel- specific patterns, propagate patterns among channels, and fuse patterns for high-level abstraction. Further, we boost the learning capability with multi-view learning to mine pertinent patterns in temporal, spectral, time-frequency, and statistical domains.Massive-device systems, like wearable massive-sensor computers and Internet of Things (IoTs), are promising in the era of big data. The crucial challenge is about how to maximize the efficiency under coupling constraints like energy budget, computing, and communication. We propose a deep reinforcement learning framework, with a pattern booster and a learning adaptor. This framework has demonstrated optimally maximizes the energy utilization and computing efficiency on the local massive devices under a one-center fifteen-device circumstance.Our research and findings are expected to greatly advance the intelligent, real-time, and efficient big data harnessing, leveraging deep learning, edge computing, and efficiency optimization.
SuperWASP Variable Stars: Classifying Light Curves Using Citizen Science
Creators: name: Thiemann, Heidi B.
name: Norton, Andrew J.
name: Dickinson, Hugh J.
name: McMaster, Adam
name: Kolb, Ulrich C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first analysis of results from the SuperWASP Variable Stars Zooniverse project, which is aiming to classify 1.6 million phase-folded light curves of candidate stellar variables observed by the SuperWASP all sky survey with periods detected in the SuperWASP periodicity catalogue. The resultant data set currently contains $>$1 million classifications corresponding to $>$500,000 object-period combinations, provided by citizen scientist volunteers. Volunteer-classified light curves have $\sim$89 per cent accuracy for detached and semi-detached eclipsing binaries, but only $\sim$9 per cent accuracy for rotationally modulated variables, based on known objects. We demonstrate that this Zooniverse project will be valuable for both population studies of individual variable types and the identification of stellar variables for follow up. We present preliminary findings on various unique and extreme variables in this analysis, including long period contact binaries and binaries near the short-period cutoff, and we identify 301 previously unknown binaries and pulsators. We are now in the process of developing a web portal to enable other researchers to access the outputs of the SuperWASP Variable Stars project.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 13 pages, 16 figures, 4 tables
Vortices and Magnetization in Kac's Model
Creators: name: El-Bouanani, Hicham
name: Rouleux, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 64.60.Cn, 35Qxx

description: We consider a 2-dimensional planar rotator on a large, but finite lattice with a ferromagnetic Kac potential $J_γ(i)=γ^2J(γi)$, $J$ with compact support. The system is subject to boundary conditions with vorticity. Using a Glauber like dynamics, we compute minimizers of the free energy functional at low temperature, i.e. in the regime of phase transition. We have the numerical evidence of a vortex structure for minimizers, which present many common features with those of the Ginzburg-Landau functional.
Additional file 2 of Integrative analysis of the salt stress response in cyanobacteria
Creators: name: Klähn, Stephan
name: Mikkat, Stefan
name: Riediger, Matthias
name: Georg, Jens
name: Hess, Wolfgang R.
name: Hagemann, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Genome plot of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 chromosome displaying the microarray data for each single probe.
Entropy, non-ergodicity and non-Gaussian behaviour in ballistic transport
Creators: name: Lapas, L. C.
name: Costa, I. V. L.
name: Vainstein, M. H.
name: Oliveira, F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ballistic transportation introduces new challenges in the thermodynamic properties of a gas of particles. For example, violation of mixing, ergodicity and of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem may occur, since all these processes are connected. In this work, we obtain results for all ranges of diffusion, i.e., both for subdiffusion and superdiffusion, where the bath is such that it gives origin to a colored noise. In this way we obtain the skewness and the non-Gaussian factor for the probability distribution function of the dynamical variable. We put particular emphasis on ballistic diffusion, and we demonstrate that in this case, although the second law of thermodynamics is preserved, the entropy does not reach a maximum and a non-Gaussian behavior occurs. This implies the non-applicability of the central limit theorem.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 3 of Integrative analysis of the salt stress response in cyanobacteria
Creators: name: Klähn, Stephan
name: Mikkat, Stefan
name: Riediger, Matthias
name: Georg, Jens
name: Hess, Wolfgang R.
name: Hagemann, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Details on methodology as well as additional figures.
Rotational spectral modulation of cloudless atmospheres for L/T Brown Dwarfs and Extrasolar Giant Planets
Creators: name: Tremblin, P.
name: Phillips, M. W.
name: Emery, A.
name: Baraffe, I.
name: Lew, B. W. P.
name: Apai, D.
name: Biller, B. A.
name: Bonnefoy, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rotational spectral modulation (spectro-photometric variability) of brown dwarfs is usually interpreted as a sign of the presence of inhomogeneous cloud covers in the atmosphere. This paper aims at exploring the role of temperature fluctuations in these spectral modulations. These fluctuations could naturally arise in a convective atmosphere impacted by diabatic processes such as complex chemistry, i.e. the recently proposed mechanism to explain the L/T transition: CO/CH4 radiative convection. We use the 1D radiative/convective code ATMO with ad-hoc modifications of the temperature gradient to model the rotational spectral modulation of 2MASS 1821, 2MASS 0136, and PSO 318.5-22. Modeling the spectral bright-to-faint ratio of the modulation of 2MASS 1821, 2MASS 0136, and PSO 318.5-22 shows that most spectral characteristics can be reproduced by temperature variations alone. Furthermore, the approximately anti-correlated variability between different wavelengths can be easily interpreted as a change in the temperature gradient in the atmosphere which is the consequence we expect from CO/CH4 radiative convection to explain the L/T transition. The deviation from an exact anti-correlation could then be interpreted as a phase shift similar to the hot-spot shift a different bandpasses in the atmosphere of hot Jupiters. Our results suggest that the rotational spectral modulation from cloud-opacity and temperature variations are degenerate. The detection of direct cloud spectral signatures, e.g. the silicate absorption feature at 10 um, would help to confirm the presence of clouds and their contribution to spectral modulations. Future studies looking at the differences in the spectral modulation of objects with and without the silicate absorption feature may give us some insight on how to distinguish cloud-opacity fluctuations from temperature fluctuations.
description: accepted in A&A
E.C.G. Stueckelberg: a forerunner of modern physics
Creators: name: Cianfrani, Francesco
name: Lecian, Orchidea Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pioneering work of E.C.G. Stueckelberg is briefly analyzed: the formalism of the Stueckelberg field, able to describe a massive vector field, is reviewed, and some applications are presented. In particular, starting from his very first application, devoted to describe nuclear phenomena known in the Thirties, later attempts to demonstrate the renormalizability of the model are considered. Finally, also string theory and LQG are illustrated to be a suitable scenario for the Stueckelberg field.
description: 10 pages, Proceedings of the I Stueckelberg Workshop (Pescara, June 2006), in press
MPEC 2024-A29 : 2021 YN
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
A Machine Learning approach for classification of accretion states of Black hole binaries
Creators: name: Sreehari, H
name: Nandi, Anuj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we employ Machine Learning algorithms on multi-mission observations for the classification of accretion states of outbursting Black hole X-ray binaries for the first time. Archival data from RXTE, Swift, MAXI and AstroSat observatories are used to generate the hardness intensity diagrams (HIDs) for outbursts of the sources XTE J1859+226 (1999 outburst), GX 339-4 (2002, 2004, 2007 and 2010 outbursts), IGR J17091-3624 (2016 outburst), and MAXI J1535-571 (2017 outburst). Based on variation of X-ray flux, hardness ratios, presence of various types of Quasi-periodic Oscillations (QPOs), photon indices and disk temperature, we apply clustering algorithms like K-Means clustering and Hierarchical clustering to classify the accretion states (clusters) of each outburst. As multiple parameters are involved in the classification process, we show that clustering algorithms club together the observations of similar characteristics more efficiently than the `standard' method of classification. We also infer that K-Means clustering provides more reliable results than Hierarchical clustering. We demonstrate the importance of the classification based on machine learning by comparing it with results from `standard' classification.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The Aharonov-Casher effect for spin-1 particles in non-commutative quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Dulat, Sayipjamal
name: Li, Kang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using a generalized Bopp's shift formulation, instead of star product method, we investigate the Aharonov-Casher(AC) effect for a spin-1 neutral particle in non-commutative(NC) quantum mechanics. After solving the Kemmer equations both on a non-commutative space and a non-commutative phase space, we obtain the corrections to the topological phase of the AC effect for a spin-1 neutral particle both on a NC space and a NC phase space.
description: 5 pages, RevTex
Additional file 1 of A qualitative focus group study concerning perceptions and experiences of Nigerian mothers on stillbirths
Creators: name: Milton, R.
name: Alkali, F. I.
name: Modibbo, F.
name: Sanders, J.
name: Mukaddas, A. S.
name: Kassim, A.
name: Sa’ad, F. H.
name: Tukur, F. M.
name: Pell, B.
name: Hood, K.
name: Ghazal, P.
name: Iregbu, K. C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure 1. Semi-structured interview guide.
Code and partial data for Pikounis et al. (2024): Urinary biomarkers of exposure to toxic andessential elements: A comparison of infants fed with human milk or formula. In press in Environmental Epidemiology as of 3 January 2024.
Creators: name: Pikounis, Talia
name: Cottingham, Kathryn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420203
subject: Environmental epidemiology

description: Code for analyses in Pikounis et al ms relating urinary biomarkers to feeding mode in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study at 6 weeks of age, written by Kathy Cottingham (Kathryn.L.Cottingham@dartmouth.edu) and Talia Pikounis (taliapikounis@gmail.com). Please contact Kathy if you have any questions.
There are three programs:1 - Main text and Appendix 2 manuscript_figs_and_tables_2023-11-01.Rmd creates the main text analysis and the supplemental materials that appeared in the originally submitted manuscript2 - Main text analyses during revisions 2023-11-01.Rmd creates the analyses for Figures 3 and 4 that were added during the revisions process, as well as the corresponding supporting material for Appendix 23 - Appendix 3 figures_and_tables_for_non_Biomarkers_2023-11-01.Rmd creates the analyses of the 6 elements for which urine is not a reliable biomarker.Knitted PDFs for each of these programs are also included here.The R Markdown programs include calls to three data files, two with the epidemiological study data and one with data on analytical QA/QC. The QA/QC file is included here, but the epidemiological data are not publicly available due to their sensitive and identifiable nature. Requests to work with data from the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study should be directed to Margaret R. Karagas (Margaret.R.Karagas@Dartmouth.edu).
A return to observability near exceptional points in a schematic PT-symmetric model
Creators: name: Znojil, Miloslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many indefinite-metric (often called pseudo-Hermitian or PT-symmetric) quantum models H prove "physical" (i.e., Hermitian with respect to an innovated, ad hoc scalar product) inside a characteristic domain of parameters D. This means that the energies get complex (= unobservable) beyond the boundary (= Kato's "exceptional points", EPs). In a solvable example we detect an enlargement of D caused by the emergence of a new degree of freedom. We conjecture that such a beneficial mechanism of a return to the real spectrum near EPs may be generic and largely model-independent.
description: 14 pp., 1 fig
Noncommutative integration of the Dirac equation in homogeneous spaces
Creators: name: Breev, A. I.
name: Shapovalov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q41, 17B08, 58J70

description: We develop a noncommutative integration method for the Dirac equation in homogeneous spaces. The Dirac equation with an invariant metric is shown to be equivalent to a system of equations on a Lie group of transformations of a homogeneous space. This allows us to effectively apply the noncommutative integration method of linear partial differential equations on Lie groups. This method differs from the well-known method of separation of variables and to some extent can often supplement it. The general structure of the method developed is illustrated with an example of a homogeneous space which does not admit separation of variables in the Dirac equation. However, the basis of exact solutions to the Dirac equation is constructed explicitly by the noncommutative integration method. Also, we construct a complete set of new exact solutions to the Dirac equation in the three-dimensional de Sitter space-time $\mathrm{AdS_{3}}$ using the method developed. The solutions obtained are found in terms of elementary functions, which is characteristic of the noncommutative integration method.
description: 42 pages
Higher Twist Effects in Photon-Photon Collisions
Creators: name: Ahmadov, A. I.
name: Boztosun, I.
name: Soylu, A.
name: Dadashov, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we investigate the contribution of the high twist Feynman diagrams to the large $p_{T}$ single pseudoscalar and vector mesons inclusive production cross section in two-photon collisions and we present the general formulae for the high and leading twist differential cross sections. The pion wave function where two non-trivial Gegenbauer coefficients $a_2$ and $a_4$ have been extracted from the CLEO data, Braun-Filyanov pion wave function, the asymptotic and the Chernyak-Zhitnitsky wave functions are used in the calculations. For $ρ$-meson we used Ball-Braun wave function. The results of all the calculations reveal that the high twist cross sections, the ratio R, the dependence transverse momentum $p_{T}$ and the rapidity $y$ of meson in $Φ_{CLEO}(x,Q^2)$ wave function case is very close to the $Φ_{asy}(x)$ asymptotic wave function case. It is shown that the high twist contribution to the cross section depends on the choice of the meson wave functions.
description: REVTEX4, 23 pages, 7 figures
Duality for monogamy of entanglement
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Somshubhro
name: Gour, Gilad
name: Sanders, Barry C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish duality for monogamy of entanglement: whereas monogamy of entanglement inequalities provide an upper bound for bipartite sharability of entanglement in a multipartite system, we prove that the same quantity provides a \emph{lower} bound for distribution of bipartite entanglement in a multipartite system. Our theorem for monogamy of entanglement is used to establish relations between bipartite entanglement that separate one qubit from the rest vs separating two qubits from the rest.
description: 12 pages
A Possible Method of Carbon Deposit Mapping on Plasma Facing Components Using Infrared Thermography
Creators: name: Mitteau, R
name: Spruytte, J
name: Vallet, S
name: Travère, J
name: Guilhem, D
name: Brosset, C
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The material eroded from the surface of plasma facing components is redeposited partly close to high heat flux areas. At these locations, the deposit is heated by the plasma and the deposition pattern evolves depending on the operation parameters. The mapping of the deposit is still a matter of intense scientific activity, especially during the course of experimental campaigns. A method based on the comparison of surface temperature maps, obtained in situ by infrared cameras and by theoretical modelling is proposed. The difference between the two is attributed to the thermal resistance added by deposited material, and expressed as a deposit thickness. The method benefits of elaborated imaging techniques such as possibility theory and fuzzy logics. The results are consistent with deposit maps obtained by visual inspection during shutdowns.
description: Journal of Nuclear Materials, Elsevier, 2007
General Lin-Maldacena solutions and PWMM Instantons from supergravity
Creators: name: van Anders, Greg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the Lin-Maldacena prescription to demonstrate how to find the supergravity solutions dual to arbitrary vacua of the plane wave matrix model and maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on RxS^2, by solving the auxiliary electrostatics problem. We then apply the technique to study instantons at strong coupling in the matrix model.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures. Minor correction
Oxygen-sensitive chemoreceptors and cardioventilatory control in carp
Creators: name: Lumsden, Amanda Lloyd
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Carp responded to changes in partial pressure of oxygen in the water, both increases and decreases, in a manner similar to other teleost fish. Hypoxia resulted in significant increases in ventilation (both frequency and amplitude). A reflex hypoxic bradycardia, however, was not observed in the present study and, in fact, a tachycardia occurred at one hour and persisted through the remainder of the experiment. There was a significant decrease in ventilatory frequency during hyperoxia, while ventilatory amplitude, as well as heart rate, did not change from normoxic control values. NaCN (5 mg/ml) administered through a mouth cannulae in carp resulted in rapid, albeit transient, increases in frequency "and amplitude of ventilation which were significantly different from control water injections. The response to NaCN was over within a minute following administration of NaCN (evidenced by the significant decrease in respiratory frequency). Heart rate was unaffected by NaCN and the absence of the bradycardia. Internal injections of NaCN (5-10 mg/ml) into the dorsal aorta of carp produced no cardioventilatory responses. Carbon monoxide (21.2 ± 9.0%) had no effect on ventilation in carp, however, it increased heart rate significantly. This indicates that carp possess 02-sensitive chemoreceptors capable of monitoring changes in 02 content, independent of changes in 02 partial pressure, but they are not involved in the control of breathing. This refutes my hypothesis that changes in 02 content of the blood in carp modulate cardioventilatory effects. Hyperoxic hypercapnia significantly increased the frequency of ventilation after the first five minutes of exposure. This increase in ventilation during hyperoxic hypercapnia indicates that in carp, C02 is acting directly on a receptor, as opposed to indirectly through Bohr and Root effects in the blood. The changes in breathing pattern, with hypoxia, CO, and C02 occurred in the same manner for all carp (i.e. there was an increase in the number of breaths in an episode and a decrease in the number of episodes in a minute until a continuous breathing pattern was achieved).
Switching ferroelectricity in SnSe across diffusionless martensitic phase transition
Creators: name: Orlova, N. N.
name: Timonina, A. V.
name: Kolesnikov, N. N.
name: Deviatov, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally investigate transport properties of a hybrid structure, which consists of a thin single crystal SnSe flake on a top of 5~$μ$m spaced Au leads. The structure initially is in highly-conductive state, while it can be switched to low-conductive one at high currents due to the Joule heating of the sample, which should be identified as $α$-$Pnma$ -- $β$-$Cmcm$ diffusionless martensitic phase transition in SnSe. For highly-conductive state, there is significant hysteresis in $dI/dV(V)$ curves at low biases, so the sample conductance depends on the sign of the applied bias change. This hysteretic behavior reflects slow relaxation due to additional polarization current in the ferroelectric SnSe phase, which we confirm by direct measurement of time-dependent relaxation curves. In contrast, we observe no noticeable relaxation or low-bias hysteresis for the quenched $β$-$Cmcm$ low-conductive phase. Thus, ferroelectric behavior can be switched on or off in transport through hybrid SnSe structure by controllable $α$-$Pnma$ -- $β$-$Cmcm$ phase transition. This result can also be important for nonvolatile memory development, e.g. phase change memory for neuromorphic computations or other applications in artificial intelligence and modern electronics.
Looking for Secretory Calcium-Binding PhosphoProtein (SCPP) transcripts in jaw transcriptomes
Creators: name: Liu, Xi
name: Corre, Erwan
name: Jean-Yves Sire
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Skeleton mineralization (bones and teeth) was a major event in the emergence of vertebrates. The Secretory calcium-binding phosphoprotein (SCPP) family represents crucial molecules, which control mineralization of skeletal tissues. A total of 25 jaw transcriptomes were sequenced from representative species of the main lineages of non-mammalian vertebrates and one from Monodelphis domestica, in order to elucidate the origin and evolution of SCPPs (ANR project JAWS). A protocol of data cleaning, assembly and analysis was established for the opossum’s transcriptome (for which a reference genome is accessible) to serve as the reference protocol for further analyses of the other transcriptomes. The transcriptomes were generated by Illumina 50 bp paired-end sequencing. Six assemblers (Trinity, CLC assembly cell, SOAP-denovoTrans, Velvet/Oases, EBARdenovo and TopHat/Cufflinks) were compared to select the most powerful. Assembly evaluations were subsequently realized on the data using different criteria (metrics, remapping, completeness, etc.). Trinity has generally shown the better assessment. The second objective of this study was to provide an exhaustive annotation of the transcriptomes for the scientific community. A functional annotation protocol was implemented using Blast2Go and Trinotate pipelines. A secondary annotation allowed us to identify contaminants and finally the candidate sequences (SCPPs) were identified by syntactic exploration of the annotation, by similarity research and sequences analysis of signal peptides of this protein family. This work is still ongoing for identifying possible new members of the SCPP family, which are previously unknown.