cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Daily variability at milli-arcsecond scales in the radio quiet NLSy1 Mrk 110
Creators: name: Panessa, Francesca
name: Perez-Torres, Miguel
name: Hernandez-Garcia, Lorena
name: Casella, Piergiorgio
name: Giroletti, Marcello
name: Orienti, Monica
name: Baldi, Ranieri D.
name: Bassani, Loredana
name: Fiocchi, Maria Teresa
name: La Franca, Fabio
name: Malizia, Angela
name: McHardy, Ian
name: Nicastro, Fabrizio
name: Piro, Luigi
name: Vincentelli, Federico
name: Williams, David R. A.
name: Ubertini, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of radio emission in the majority of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) is still poorly understood. Various competing mechanisms are likely involved in the production of radio emission and precise diagnostic tools are needed to disentangle them, of which variability is among the most powerful. For the first time, we show evidence for significant radio variability at 5 GHz at milli-arcsecond scales on days to weeks time scales in the highly accreting and extremely radio-quiet (RQ) Narrow Line Seyfert 1 (NLSy1) Mrk110. The simultaneous Swift/XRT light curve indicates stronger soft than hard X-ray variability. The short-term radio variability suggests that the GHz emitting region has a size smaller than ~180 Schwarzschild radii. The high brightness temperature and the radio and X-ray variability rule out a star-formation and a disc wind origin. Synchrotron emission from a low-power jet and/or an outflowing corona is then favoured.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, MNRAS, Volume 510, Issue 1, pp.718-724 - Improved version of fig. 1
title: Artritis séptica una emergencia médica. Manifestaciones radiológicas, ventajas e inconvenientes de las diferentes pruebas de imagen y diagnóstico diferencial con otras causas de artritis aguda.
Creators: name: Rodriguez Ortega, Rocio
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Infection
subject: Arthritides
subject: Education
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: MR
subject: Echocardiography
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Bones

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Dentro de las diferentes formas de presentación de las infecciones que acontecen en el sistema musculoesquelético se encuentran las artritis sépticas.
Constituye una urgencia médica y quirúrgica que tiene un impacto tanto en el pronóstico...
Unveiling the Kondo cloud: unitary RG study of the Kondo model
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Anirban
name: Mukherjee, Abhirup
name: Vidhyadhiraja, N. S.
name: Taraphder, A.
name: Lal, Siddhartha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the single-channel Kondo model using the recently developed unitary renormalization group (URG) method, and obtain a comprehensive understanding of the Kondo screening cloud. The fixed-point low-energy Hamiltonian enables the computation of a plethora of thermodynamic quantities (specific heat, susceptibility, Wilson ratio, etc.) as well as spectral functions, all of which are found to be in excellent agreement with known results. By integrating out the impurity, we obtain an effective Hamiltonian for the excitations of the electrons comprising the Kondo cloud. This is found to contain both k-space number-diagonal (Fermi liquid) as well off-diagonal four-fermion scattering terms. Our conclusions are reinforced by a URG study of the two-particle entanglement and many-body correlations among members of the Kondo cloud and impurity. The entanglement between the impurity and a cloud electron, as well as between any two cloud electrons, is found to increase under flow towards the singlet ground state at the strong-coupling fixed point. Both the number-diagonal and off-diagonal correlations within the conduction cloud are also found to increase as the impurity is screened under the flow, and the latter are found to be responsible for the macroscopic entanglement of the Kondo-singlet ground state. The unitary RG flow enables an analytic computation of the phase shifts suffered by the conduction electrons at the strong-coupling fixed point. This reveals an orthogonality catastrophe between the local moment and strong-coupling ground states, and is related to a change in the Luttinger volume of the conduction bath. Our results offer fresh insight on the nature of the emergent many-particle entanglement within the Kondo cloud, and pave the way for further investigations in more exotic contexts such as the fixed point of the over-screened multi-channel Kondo problem.
description: 17 pages, 17 figures, 101 references
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of Healthy South Texas Asthma Program on improving health outcomes and reducing health disparities among the underserved Hispanic population: using the RE-AIM model
Creators: name: Carrillo, Genny
name: Roh, Taehyun
name: Baek, Juha
name: Chong-Menard, Betty
name: Ory, Marcia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Changes in Household Environment and Behaviors Reported by Parents at 9–12-month Follow-up of the HSTAP (n = 447).
An improved multicomponent pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann method for immiscible fluid displacement in porous media
Creators: name: Sedahmed, M.
name: Coelho, R. C. V.
name: Warda, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Immiscible fluid displacement in porous media occurs in several natural and industrial processes. For example, during petroleum extraction from porous rock reservoirs, water is used to displace oil. In this paper, we investigate primary drainage and imbibition in a heterogeneous porous medium using an improved numerical model based on the multicomponent pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann method. We apply recent developments from the literature and develop new pressure boundary conditions. We show that the proposed model is able to simulate realistic viscosity ratios, and it allows independent tuning of surface tension from viscosity. Moreover, the model suppresses a non-physical behavior of previous schemes, in which trapped fluid volumes significantly change with time. Furthermore, we show that the developed model correctly captures the underlying physical phenomena of fluid displacements. We simulate oil-water flows and verify that the measured values of irreducible water and residual oil saturations are realistic. Finally, we vary the wetting conditions of the porous medium to represent different wettability states. For the different scenarios, we show that the simulations are in good agreement with experimental results.
title: Tumor óseo solitario: Sin método no hay diagnóstico.
Creators: name: Calatayud Moscoso del Prado, Julia
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Extremities
subject: Bones
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Decision analysis
subject: Normal variants
subject: Neoplasia

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
- Exponer un método diagnóstico adecuado para el estudio detumores óseosmediante un abordaje multifactorial. - Describir pautas sobre órden de preferencia a la hora de elegir pruebas complementarias dependiendo del tipo de tumor al que nos...
Nonequilibrium electron cooling by NIS tunnel junctions
Creators: name: Vasenko, A. S.
name: Hekking, F. W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the theoretical framework to describe quasiparticle electric and heat currents in NIS tunnel junctions in the dirty limit. The approach is based on quasiclassical Keldysh-Usadel equations. We apply this theory to diffusive NIS'S tunnel junctions. Here N and S are respectively normal metal and superconductor reservoirs, I is an insulator layer and S' is a nonequilibrium superconducting lead. We calculate the quasiparticle electric and heat currents in such structures and consider the effect of inelastic relaxation in the S' lead. We find that in the absence of strong relaxation the electric current and the cooling power for voltages $eV < Δ$ are suppressed. The value of this suppression scales with the diffusive transparency parameter. We ascribe this suppression to the effect of backtunneling of nonequilibrium quasiparticles into the normal metal.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, proceedings, to be published in JLTP
Generalised Stretched Littlewood-Richardson Coefficients
Creators: name: Gutschwager, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E05, 05E10, 14M15, 20C30

description: The Littlewood-Richardson (LR) coefficient counts among many other things the LR tableaux of a given shape and a given content. We prove, that the number of LR tableaux weakly increases if one adds to the shape and the content the shape and the content of another LR tableau. We also investigate the behaviour of the number of LR tableaux, if one repeatedly adds to the shape another shape with either fixed or arbitrary content. This is a generalisation of the stretched LR coefficients, where one repeatedly adds the same shape and content to itself.
description: 15 pages, rewritten with more results and examples (compared with v1), final version to appear at Journal of Combinatorial Theory A
Additional file 5 of Epidemiological trends of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer at the global, regional, and national levels: a population-based study
Creators: name: Deng, Yujiao
name: Zhao, Peng
name: Zhou, Linghui
name: Xiang, Dong
name: Hu, Jingjing
name: Liu, Yu
name: Ruan, Jian
name: Ye, Xianghua
name: Zheng, Yi
name: Yao, Jia
name: Zhai, Zhen
name: Wang, Shuqian
name: Yang, Si
name: Wu, Ying
name: Li, Na
name: Xu, Peng
name: Zhang, Dai
name: Kang, Huafeng
name: Lyu, Jun
name: Dai, Zhijun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Table S2. The incidence, deaths, DALYs and variations of TBL cancer from 1990 to 2017 among countries.
Exploiting genomics to mitigate the public health impact of antimicrobial resistance.
Creators: name: Waddington, Claire
name: Carey, Megan E
name: Boinett, Christine J
name: Higginson, Ellen
name: Veeraraghavan, Balaji
name: Baker, Stephen
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Review
The impact of genomics on precision public health
Antimicrobial resistance
Public health
Genomics
Surveillance
Vaccines
Diagnostics

description: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major global public health threat, which has been largely driven by the excessive use of antimicrobials. Control measures are urgently needed to slow the trajectory of AMR but are hampered by an incomplete understanding of the interplay between pathogens, AMR encoding genes, and mobile genetic elements at a microbial level. These factors, combined with the human, animal, and environmental interactions that underlie AMR dissemination at a population level, make for a highly complex landscape. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and, more recently, metagenomic analyses have greatly enhanced our understanding of these processes, and these approaches are informing mitigation strategies for how we better understand and control AMR. This review explores how WGS techniques have advanced global, national, and local AMR surveillance, and how this improved understanding is being applied to inform solutions, such as novel diagnostic methods that allow antimicrobial use to be optimised and vaccination strategies for better controlling AMR. We highlight some future opportunities for AMR control informed by genomic sequencing, along with the remaining challenges that must be overcome to fully realise the potential of WGS approaches for international AMR control.
Additional file 2 of Hearing loss genes reveal patterns of adaptive evolution at the coding and non-coding levels in mammals
Creators: name: Trigila, Anabella P.
name: Pisciottano, Francisco
name: Franchini, Lucía F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supp. Figures S1-S13. FigS1. Phylogenetic tree and positive selected sites of an essential tip link protein: CDH23. Fig S2. Phylogenetic tree and positive selected sites of the key inner hair cell gene OTOF. Fig S3. Phylogenetic tree and positive selected sites of the hair cell gene LOXHD1. Fig S4. Enhancer assays in stable transgenic zebrafish for the DIAPH3-TSAR.1094 noncoding element. Fig S5. Enhancer assays for the EXOC4 accelerated elements in transgenic zebrafish. Fig S6. Enhancer assays in stable transgenic zebrafish for the SMOC1-TSAR3685 noncoding element. Fig S7. Enhancer assays in stable transgenic zebrafish for the MIPOL1-TSAR.2840 noncoding element. Fig S8. Enhancer assays in stable transgenic zebrafish for the GATA2-TSAR.3936 noncoding element. Fig S9. Comparative enhancer assays in transgenic zebrafish of the accelerated sequence JAZF1-TSAR.4204. Fig S10. JAZF1-TSAR.4204-Hs directs the expression to neuromast in the developing zebrafish. Fig S11. Comparative analysis of genes under coding positive selection vs. non-coding acceleration in mammals. Fig S12. Comparative analysis of genes with signatures of non-coding acceleration in mammals vs. non-coding acceleration in humans. Fig S13. Analysis of overlap among different sets of genes and network association analyses.
A cartesian presentation of weak n-categories
Creators: name: Rezk, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D05

description: We propose a notion of weak (n+k,n)-category, which we call (n+k,n)-Theta-spaces. The (n+k,n)-Theta-spaces are precisely the fibrant objects of a certain model category structure on the category of presheaves of simplicial sets on Joyal's category Theta_n. This notion is a generalization of that of complete Segal spaces (which are precisely the (infty,1)-Theta-spaces). Our main result is that the above model category is cartesian.
description: Incorporates corrections to the published version, which appeared in a separate correction note
Dispersion relation of a polaron in the Yang-Gaudin Bose gas
Creators: name: Ristivojevic, Zoran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a one-dimensional Bose gas with two internal states described by the Yang-Gaudin model and calculate analytically the dispersion relation of a polaron quasiparticle, which is the lowest excitation branch. We study the dispersion in the thermodynamic limit in the regimes of weak and strong interaction without limitations on the momentum. At weak interaction the polaron dispersion is in the vicinity of the dark soliton one; we calculate the leading deviation in the parametric form. At strong interaction we find an ansatz for the explicit form of the polaron dispersion. It has the form of a power series of the sine function of the momentum with interaction-dependent coefficients. By increasing the power of the series, the corresponding coefficients show faster decay and thus one practically needs only a few of them; we give the results for the first three. The coefficients of the series are connected to the Maclaurin series of the polaron dispersion and thus it is sufficient to calculate latter quantity to automatically find the power series result for the dispersion at all momenta. The derived results for the dispersion can be used to obtain explicit expressions for the exponents of the power-law singularities in the response functions at the spectral edge.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
What Happened to Participation? Urban Development and Authoritarian Upgrading in Cairo's Informal Neighbourhoods
Creators: name: Piffero, Elena <1981>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: SPS/13 Storia e istituzioni dell'Africa

description: Participation appeared in development discourses for the first time in the 1970s, as a generic call for the
involvement of the poor in development initiatives. Over the last three decades, the initial perspectives
on participation intended as a project method for poverty reduction have evolved into a coherent and
articulated theoretical elaboration, in which participation figures among the paraphernalia of good
governance promotion: participation has acquired the status of “new orthodoxy”. Nevertheless, the
experience of the implementation of participatory approaches in development projects seemed to be in
the majority of cases rather disappointing, since the transformative potential of ‘participation in
development’ depends on a series of factors in which every project can actually differ from others: the
ultimate aim of the approach promoted, its forms and contents and, last but not least, the socio-political
context in which the participatory initiative is embedded.
In Egypt, the signature of a project agreement between the Arab Republic of Egypt and the Federal
Republic of Germany, in 1998, inaugurated a Participatory Urban Management Programme (PUMP) to
be implemented in Greater Cairo by the German Technical Cooperation (Deutsche Gesellschaft für
Technische Zusammenarbeit, GTZ) and the Ministry of Planning (now Ministry of Local Development) and
the Governorates of Giza and Cairo as the main counterparts. Now, ten years after the beginning of the
PUMP/PDP and close to its end (December 2010), it is possible to draw some conclusions about the
scope, the significance and the effects of the participatory approach adopted by GTZ and appropriated
by the Egyptian counterparts in dealing with the issue of informal areas and, more generally, of urban
development.
Our analysis follows three sets of questions: the first set regards the way ‘participation’ has been
interpreted and concretised by PUMP and PDP. The second is about the emancipating potential of the
‘participatory approach’ and its ability to ‘empower’ the ‘marginalised’. The third focuses on one hand
on the efficacy of GTZ strategy to lead to an improvement of the delivery service in informal areas
(especially in terms of planning and policies), and on the other hand on the potential of GTZ
development intervention to trigger an incremental process of ‘democratisation’ from below.
Il conflitto tra ragione e passioni nel pensiero morale, economico e politico di Bernard Mandeville
Creators: name: Pongiglione, Francesca <1980>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: M-FIL/06 Storia della filosofia

description: Effects of the conflict between reason and passion in Bernard Mandeville’s moral, economic and political thought

My PhD dissertation focuses on Bernard Mandeville (1670-1732), a Dutch philosopher who moved to London in his late twenties. The aspect of Mandeville’s thought I take into account in my research is the conflicting relation between reason and passions, and the consequences that Mandeville’s view of this conflict has in the development of his theory of human nature which, I argue, is what grounds his moral, economic and, above all, political theory. 
According to Mandeville, reason is fundamentally weak. Passions influence with more strength human actions, and, eventually, are the ones which motivate them. The role of reason is merely  instrumental, restricted to finding appropriate means in order to reach the desired ends, which are capricious and inconstant, since they all come from unstable passions. Reason cannot take decisions meant to act in the long term, pursuing an object which has not a selfish and temporary nature. There is no possibility, thus, that men’s actions aim just to achieve a good and just society, without their interests being directly involved. The basically selfish root of every desire leads Mandeville to claim that there is neither benevolence nor altruism which guides human behaviour. Hence he expresses a judgement on the moral character of human beings, always busy with their self-satisfaction, and hardly ever considering what would be good on a wider perspective, including other people’s sake.
The anthropological features ascribed to men by Mandeville, are those which lead him to prefer a political system where governors are not supposed to have particular abilities, either from an intellectual or from a moral point of view, and peace and order are preserved by the bureaucratic machine, which is meant to work with the least effort on the part of the politicians, and no big harm can be done even by corrupted or wicked governors. This system is adopted with an eye at remedying human deficiencies: Mandeville takes into primary account, when he thinks of how to build a peaceful and functioning society, that everyone is concerned with his selfish interest, and that the rationality of a single politician, or of a group of them belonging to a same generation, cannot find a good “solution” to govern men able to last over the long period, and to work in different ages. This implies a refusal of the Hobbesian theory of the pactum subjectionis, which has the character of a rational and definitive choice, and leads Mandeville to consider the order which arises spontaneously, without any plan or rational intervention.
Mass and Angular Momentum in General Relativity
Creators: name: Jaramillo, J. L.
name: Gourgoulhon, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an introduction to mass and angular momentum in General Relativity. After briefly reviewing energy-momentum for matter fields, first in the flat Minkowski case (Special Relativity) and then in curved spacetimes with or without symmetries, we focus on the discussion of energy-momentum for the gravitational field. We illustrate the difficulties rooted in the Equivalence Principle for defining a local energy-momentum density for the gravitational field. This leads to the understanding of gravitational energy-momentum and angular momentum as non-local observables that make sense, at best, for extended domains of spacetime. After introducing Komar quantities associated with spacetime symmetries, it is shown how total energy-momentum can be unambiguously defined for isolated systems, providing fundamental tests for the internal consistency of General Relativity as well as setting the conceptual basis for the understanding of energy loss by gravitational radiation. Finally, several attempts to formulate quasi-local notions of mass and angular momentum associated with extended but finite spacetime domains are presented, together with some illustrations of the relations between total and quasi-local quantities in the particular context of black hole spacetimes. This article is not intended to be a rigorous and exhaustive review of the subject, but rather an invitation to the topic for non-experts. In this sense we follow essentially the expositions in Szabados 2004, Gourgoulhon 2007, Poisson 2004 and Wald 84, and refer the reader interested in further developments to the existing literature, in particular to the excellent and comprehensive review by Szabados (2004).
description: 41 pages. Notes based on the lecture given at the C.N.R.S. "School on Mass" (June 2008) in Orleans, France. To appear as proceedings in the book "Mass and Motion in General Relativity", eds. L. Blanchet, A. Spallicci and B. Whiting. Some comments and references added.
Universality of the Anderson transition with the quasiperiodic kicked rotor
Creators: name: Lemarié, G.
name: Grémaud, B.
name: Delande, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a numerical analysis of the Anderson transition in a quantum-chaotic system, the quasiperiodic kicked rotor with three incommensurate frequencies. It is shown that this dynamical system exhibits the same critical phenomena as the truly random 3D-Anderson model. By taking proper account of systematic corrections to one-parameter scaling, the universality of the critical exponent is demonstrated. Our result $ν= 1.59 \pm 0.01$ is in perfect agreement with the value found for the Anderson model.
description: 4 figures, 3 tables (published version)
Levitodynamics: Levitation and control of microscopic objects in vacuum
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Ballestero, C.
name: Aspelmeyer, M.
name: Novotny, L.
name: Quidant, R.
name: Romero-Isart, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The control of levitated nano- and micro-objects in vacuum is of considerable interest, capitalizing on the scientific achievements in the fields of atomic physics, control theory and optomechanics. The ability to couple the motion of levitated systems to internal degrees of freedom, as well as to external forces and systems, provides opportunities for science and technology. Attractive research directions, ranging from fundamental quantum physics to commercial sensors, have been unlocked by the many recent experimental achievements, including motional ground-state cooling of an optically levitated nanoparticle. We review the status, challenges and prospects of levitodynamics, the mutidisciplinary research devoted to understanding, controlling, and using levitated nano- and micro-objects in vacuum.
description: 17 pages, 1 Table, 3 Figures, 3 Boxes
Imperialism and nationalism in the Caribbean : the political economy of dependent underdevelopment in Guyana
Creators: name: Thakur, Rishee S.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The present stage of the vast majority of the peoples of the third world is characterized as existing in various stages of underdevelopment. Beyond that, however, there does not appear to he any overriding consensus as to how they got there, or perhaps more importantl;/", what combination of policies are likely to obviate such conditions. Consequently, there has been a proliferation of theories and prescriptions that have resulted in varying degrees of success and failure, without succeeding in-any major way to alleviate the conditions of poverty and oppression. The major problem with such attempts is in their "all-or-nothing" approach'", characterized by the belief that specific changes are either all pervading in their effects or, on the other hand, are not significant enough to warrant any particular distinction. The purpose of this study is to show that such an approach is misleading, First of all, underdevelopment is seen as the result of a specific form of development that has as its basis the relationship of the advanced capitalist and the underdeveloped countries of the third world. Since this relationship is characterized by a host of interlocking arrangements it is necessary, to comprehend them in their totality, if the process is to be understood at all. It should be immediately recognized, however, that though specific changes may not effect the structural contingencies of the relationship, they sometimes are of such significance that they constitute an important change. Such an articulation of the problem has the decisive advantage of noting and recording the specific changes within this relationship while recognizing the all pervasive effects of its totality. The result of such an investigation led us to the following conclusions: (l) the recent change in the attitude of the advanced capitalist countries has resulted in greater flexibility in their dealings with the underdeveloped countries. Most important, in this respect, has been that the "enclave economies" have been largely relinquished. Multinational corporations, at the same time, have been willing and. even calling for local government participation in their activities. (2) Governments of the third world have demanded and subsequently appropriated greater control of the local economy through participation and even nationalization of key sectors. This, in addition, allowed for greater maneuverability on the so called "inter-imperialist battlefield", with the result that they can now appropriately be described as junior partners of the system. Thus", imperialism and development are not contradictory terms; it is simply that dependent underdevelopment is the new form of imperialist control.
Uniformity of response of Uranium fission chambers used as neutron beam monitors
Creators: name: Lafont, F.
name: Guerard, B.
name: Hall-Wilton, R.
name: Kanaki, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Uranium fission chambers are commonly used for neutron beam monitoring in neutron research facilities. The challenges brought with the renewing or commissioning of new neutron facilities encourage to minimize the interaction between the monitor and the neutron beam. In order to characterize both their detection efficiency and transmission factor, several fission chambers, have been scanned on the CT1 monochromatic beam line of the ILL. Results show that the monitor transparency, measured at the center of the monitor, varies from 90% to 96%, and that the detection efficiency varies by as much as 50% over the active area.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Roteiro Semiestruturado para Entrevistas com Grupo Focal de Mulheres Não Heterossexuais
Creators: name: Fernandes, Luana Porto
name: Oliveira, Ana Carolina Gomes Marinho de
name: Formiga, Aline Cristina Abrantes
name: Nóbrega, Patrícia Vidal de Negreiros
name: Ávila, Bruna Teixeira
name: Souza, Júlia Vieira de
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Heteronormatividade
Minorias sexuais e de gênero
Mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres
Ginecologia

description: O roteiro semiestruturado foi utilizado como instrumento de coleta de dados durante as entrevistas abertas com os grupos focais. Esse material foi usado para construção do artigo de pesquisa intitulado "Heteronormatividade das consultas ginecológicas: da invisibilidade à violência contra mulheres não heterossexuais" de modo que as perguntas norteadoras podem instigar o debate entre os participantes sobre o tema em questão.
HRNET: AI on Edge for mask detection and social distancing
Creators: name: Sengupta, Kinshuk
name: Srivastava, Praveen Ranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The purpose of the paper is to provide innovative emerging technology framework for community to combat epidemic situations. The paper proposes a unique outbreak response system framework based on artificial intelligence and edge computing for citizen centric services to help track and trace people eluding safety policies like mask detection and social distancing measure in public or workplace setup. The framework further provides implementation guideline in industrial setup as well for governance and contact tracing tasks. The adoption will thus lead in smart city planning and development focusing on citizen health systems contributing to improved quality of life. The conceptual framework presented is validated through quantitative data analysis via secondary data collection from researcher's public websites, GitHub repositories and renowned journals and further benchmarking were conducted for experimental results in Microsoft Azure cloud environment. The study includes selective AI-models for benchmark analysis and were assessed on performance and accuracy in edge computing environment for large scale societal setup. Overall YOLO model Outperforms in object detection task and is faster enough for mask detection and HRNetV2 outperform semantic segmentation problem applied to solve social distancing task in AI-Edge inferencing environmental setup. The paper proposes new Edge-AI algorithm for building technology-oriented solutions for detecting mask in human movement and social distance. The paper enriches the technological advancement in artificial intelligence and edge-computing applied to problems in society and healthcare systems. The framework further equips government agency, system providers to design and constructs technology-oriented models in community setup to Increase the quality of life using emerging technologies into smart urban environments.
Analytical results for the unusual Grüneisen ratio in the quantum Ising model with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction
Creators: name: Luo, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Grüneisen ratio (GR) has emerged as a superb tool for the diagnosis of quantum phase transitions, which diverges algebraically upon approaching critical points of continuous phase transitions. However, this paradigm has been challenged recently by observations of a finite GR for self-dual criticality and divergent GR at symmetry-enhanced first-order transitions. To unveil the fascinating GR further, we exemplify the idea by studying an exactly solvable quantum Ising model with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, which harbors a ferromagnetic phase, a paramagnetic phase, and a chiral Luttinger liquid. Although the self-dual criticality of the ferromagnetic--paramagnetic transition is undermined by the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, we find that the GR at the transition is still finite albeit with an increasing value, signifying a proximate self-dual relation. By contrast, the GR at the transition between the gapped ferromagnetic phase and the gapless Luttinger liquid diverges and changes its sign when crossing the first-order transition. This implies that the GR could also probe the first-order transition between the gapped and gapless phases.
description: 7+9 pages, 5+2 figures. Published in PRB as a Letter
Spacetime Singularities in String and its Low Dimensional Effective Theory
Creators: name: Sharma, Preet
name: Tziolas, Andreas
name: Wang, Anzhong
name: Wu, Zhong Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spacetime singularities are studied in both the $D+d$-dimensional string theory and its $D$-dimensional effective theory, obtained by the Kaluza-Klein compactification. It is found that spacetime singularities in the low dimensional effective theory may or may not remain after lifted to the $D+d$-dimensional string theory, depending on particular solutions. It is also found that there exist cases in which spacetime singularities appearing in high/low dimensional spacetimes do not necessarily happen on the same surfaces.
description: revtex4, 15 pages, 10 figures. Typos are corrected. Version to appear in Inter. J. Mod. Phys. A
Semicelle SOFC: studio e produzione di elettroliti con processi a basso impatto ambientale
Creators: name: Mangifesta, Patrizia <1981>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: CHIM/04 Chimica industriale

description: Le celle a combustibile ad ossido solido (SOFC) sono dei sistemi elettrochimici in grado di trasformare direttamente l’energia chimica di un combustibile (generalmente H2) e di un comburente (O2) in energia elettrica, senza l’intervento intermedio di un ciclo termico. Le SOFCs rappresentano un sistema energetico pulito, efficiente e sicuro, tuttavia questa tecnologia presenta costi di produzione ancora elevati e necessita di un maggiore sviluppo. L’argomento della presente tesi si colloca nell’ambito dello studio e realizzazione di materiali per l’elettrolita di SOFCs ed il contributo scientifico che si propone di fornire trova spazio nella necessità di migliorare la sinterizzazione di tali materiali e nell’ottimizzazione dei processi di formatura per produzioni facilmente scalabili a livello industriale con costo contenuto ed ecocompatibili. L’approccio di ricerca adottato è stato quello di approfondire le conoscenze relative ad un ossido di cerio drogato con gadolinio (GDC), scelto come elettrolita, cercando di comprendere su quali parametri intervenire per promuovere la densificazione ed ottimizzare il seguente processo di formatura. La ricerca si è articolata nei seguenti punti: a) Studio del processo di sinterizzazione in relazione alle caratteristiche morfologiche delle polveri di GDC pura ed esaminando l’influenza dell’ossido di rame, aggiunto come drogante, sul comportamento in sinterizzazione e microstruttura finale. I risultati indicano che il processo di sinterizzazione è enormemente influenzato dalla presenza del CuO, dalla sua morfologia e dalla procedura usata per il drogaggio b) Realizzazione di un inchiostro serigrafico a base di GDC in matrice acquosa da depositare su anodi in verde. La serigrafia rappresenta un’importante tecnica di formatura, facilmente adattabile ad una produzione industriale, con cui è possibile ottenere film di GDC densi. L’ottimizzazione dei processi in matrice acquosa porta un enorme contributo per la diminuzione dei costi di produzione e per la realizzazione di un processo maggiormente ecocompatibile. Questo obiettivo è stato raggiunto con la corretta scelta e caratterizzazione di tutti gli additivi di formatura c) Assemblaggio della semicella SOFC anodo supportante e relativo trattamento in co-firing. La messa a punto di un idoneo ciclo di burn out degli organici ha contribuito a preservare l’integrità ed omogeneità dei film depositati che dopo sinterizzazione risultano perfettamente densi e privi di cricche.
Quantum entanglement and entropy in particle creation
Creators: name: Lin, Shih-Yuin
name: Chou, Chung-Hsien
name: Hu, B. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the basic theoretical issues in the quantum entanglement of particle pairs created from the vacuum in a time-dependent background field or spacetime. Similar to entropy generation from these processes which depends on the choice of physical variables and how certain information is coarse-grained, entanglement dynamics hinges on the choice of measurable quantities and how the two parties are selected as well as the background dynamics of the field or spacetime. We discuss the conditions of separability of quantum states in particle creation processes and point out the differences in how the von Neumann entropy is used as a measure of entropy generation versus for entanglement dynamics. We show by an explicit construction that adoption of a different set of physical variables yields a different entanglement entropy. As an application of these theoretical considerations we show how the particle number and the quantum phase enter the entanglement dynamics in cosmological particle production.
description: 14 pages, no figure; Typos corrected.
Hydrodynamization times of a holographic fluid far from equilibrium
Creators: name: Rougemont, Romulo
name: Barreto, Willians
name: Noronha, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate several hydrodynamization times for an ensemble of different far-from-equilibrium solutions of the strongly coupled $\mathcal{N}=4$ Supersymmetric Yang-Mills plasma undergoing Bjorken flow. For the ensemble of initial data analyzed in the present work, we find that, with typical tolerances between $3\%$ to $5\%$, the average hydrodynamization time associated with the late time convergence of the pressure anisotropy to the corresponding Borel resummed hydrodynamic attractor is approximately equal to the average hydrodynamization time associated with the Navier-Stokes result, while both are shorter than the average hydrodynamization time associated with second-order hydrodynamics. On the other hand, we find that the entropy density of the different solutions coalesces to second-order hydrodynamics long before entering in the Navier-Stokes regime. A clear hierarchy between the different average hydrodynamization times of the Bjorken expanding fluid is established for the set of analyzed initial data, comprising also some solutions which, whilst satisfying the dominant and the weak energy conditions at the initial time, evolve such as to transiently violate one or both conditions when the fluid is still far from equilibrium. In particular, solutions violating the weak energy condition are generally found to take a longer time to enter in the hydrodynamic regime than the other solutions.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Coupling of cytoplasm and adhesion dynamics determines cell polarization and locomotion
Creators: name: Alt, Wolfgang
name: Bock, Martin
name: Möhl, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Observations of single epidermal cells on flat adhesive substrates have revealed two distinct morphological and functional states, namely a non-migrating symmetric unpolarized state and a migrating asymmetric polarized state. These states are characterized by different spatial distributions and dynamics of important biochemical cell components: F-actin and myosin-II form the contractile part of the cytoskeleton, and integrin receptors in the plasma membrane connect F-actin filaments to the substratum. In this way, focal adhesion complexes are assembled, which determine cytoskeletal force transduction and subsequent cell locomotion. So far, physical models have reduced this phenomenon either to gradients in regulatory control molecules or to different mechanics of the actin filament system in different regions of the cell. Here we offer an alternative and self-organizational model incorporating polymerization, pushing and sliding of filaments, as well as formation of adhesion sites and their force dependent kinetics. All these phenomena can be combined into a non-linearly coupled system of hyperbolic, parabolic and elliptic differential equations. Aim of this article is to show how relatively simple relations for the small-scale mechanics and kinetics of participating molecules may reproduce the emergent behavior of polarization and migration on the large-scale cell level.
description: v2 (updates from proof): add TOC, clarify Fig. 4, fix several typos
Quantized excitations of internal affine modes and their influence on Raman spectra
Creators: name: Sławianowski, J. J.
name: Kovalchuk, V.
name: Gołubowska, B.
name: Martens, A.
name: Rożko, E. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discussed is the structure of classical and quantum excitations of internal degrees of freedom of multiparticle objects like molecules, fullerens, atomic nuclei, etc. Basing on some invariance properties under the action of isometric and affine transformations we reviewed some new models of the mutual interaction between rotational and deformative degrees of freedom. Our methodology and some results may be useful in the theory of Raman scattering and nuclear radiation.
description: 51 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Improving the regeneration rate of deep lethal mutant protoplasts by fusion to promote efficient L-lysine fermentation
Creators: name: Li, Nan
name: Lu, Jie
name: Wang, Zirui
name: Du, Peng
name: Li, Piwu
name: Su, Jing
name: Xiao, Jing
name: Wang, Min
name: Wang, Junqing
name: Wang, Ruiming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Convergent flow in a two-layer system and mountain building
Creators: name: Perazzo, Carlos Alberto
name: Gratton, Julio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the purpose of modelling the process of mountain building, we investigate the evolution of the ridge produced by the convergent motion of a system consisting of two layers of liquids that differ in density and viscosity to simulate the crust and the upper mantle that form a lithospheric plate. We assume that the motion is driven by basal traction. Assuming isostasy, we derive a nonlinear differential equation for the evolution of the thickness of the crust. We solve this equation numerically to obtain the profile of the range. We find an approximate self-similar solution that describes reasonably well the process and predicts simple scaling laws for the height and width of the range as well as the shape of the transversal profile. We compare the theoretical results with the profiles of real mountain belts and find and excellent agreement.
description: Accepted by Physics of Fluids