Splendeuptychia furina
Creators: name: Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia
name: Nakahara, Shinichi
name: Kabir, Jamal
name: Shellman, Brooke
name: Tejeira, Rafael
name: Ccahuana, Rodrigo
name: Gallice, Geoffrey
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nymphalidae
Splendeuptychia
Splendeuptychia furina

description: Splendeuptychia furina (Hewitson, 1862)
(2020-FLP-IMM-0073; 2021-FLP-IMM-0316, 0467, 0553, 0554, 0556, 0557, 0558)
As indicated in Table 1, this taxon goes through either four or five larval instars. The description below is based mainly on 2021-FLP-IMM-0554, which passed through five larval instars.
Egg (Fig. 2: 1a, b). Spherical, semi-transparent, pearl-like and whitish in color, with polygonal markings covering the surface. Brown irregular short stripes, partially delineating polygonal markings, appearing two days prior to hatching (Fig.2: 1a); head capsule visible day prior to hatching (Fig. 2: 1b). Diameter: 1.0– 1.1 mm (n=2). Duration: Unknown, hatched 2–3 days (n=4) after collection.
First instar (Fig. 2: 2a, b; Fig. 5: e). Head capsule width: 0.9 mm (n=1). Head capsule appearing black with rectangular scolus, with two rather broad setae (scolus length 0.1 mm (n=1)); three chalazae visible in frontal view, M1, M2, M3, with seta on each of M1-3; five setae on one side of labrum; with stemma 1 and 6 somewhat paler and thus insignificant, stemma 3 largest, closer to stemma 2 than 4. Body integument creamy whitish and semi-transparent, thus influencing dark green (anterior half of abdomen and occasionally thorax) to light green (towards terminal abdominal segments) body color due to gut content; pair of white stripes in subdorsal area; tracheal system barely visible; chaetotaxy not fully discernible based on photographs, primary setae weakly bulbed at apex (sensu Murray (2001)), XD1 and XD2 visible on T1; D1, D2, SD1 and L1 apparently present from T1 to A10 (D1 approximately 1.5 times longer than D2 on A8 and A9); ventral prolegs present on A3 to A6, caudal prolegs present on A10; caudal filaments short (shorter than A 8 in dorsal view). Body length: 4.6–5.5 mm (n=2). Duration: 5–9 days (n=4).
Second instar (Fig. 2: 3a, b; Fig. 5: f). Head capsule width: 1.3 mm (n=1). Head capsule appearing black with numerous secondary setae and “antler-like” bifurcating scolus, entirely blackish, inner fork positioned almost perpendicular to horizontal plane, with seta on both tips (scolus length 0.4 mm (n=1)); seven whitish chalazae visible on lateral side, M1, M2, M3, P1, P2, P3, P4, with primary seta on each of M1-3, and P1, seta on P2 not discernable; six setae on one side of labrum, six stemmata visible, arrangement similar to previous instar. Body dark green; dorsally with white, band-like rows of spots somewhat delineating the mid-dorsal region (more defined from T1 to T3); broad and whitish pair of sub-dorsal stripes, extending towards base of caudal filament, with narrow concolorous lateral stripe present below; spiracles visible as light brownish spots, prominent on T1 and A8; caudal filaments, dorsally pink, shorter than A 8 in dorsal view. Body length: 7.7 mm (n=1). Duration: 4–6 days (n = 4).
Third instar (Fig. 2: 4a, b). Head capsule width: 1.6 mm (n=1). Head capsule appearing black with numerous secondary setae; “antler-like” bifurcating scolus, entirely blackish, inner fork positioned almost perpendicular to horizontal plane, with seta on both tips (scolus length 0.6 mm (n=1)); seven whitish chalazae visible on lateral side, M1, M2, M3, P1, P2, P3, P4, with primary seta on each of M1-3; six setae on one side of labrum; six stemmata visible, arrangement similar to previous instar. Body dark green, dorsally with pair of white, narrow, parallel bands delineating the mid-dorsal region; broad and whitish pair of sub-dorsal stripes, extending towards base of caudal filament, with narrow concolorous lateral stripe present below; spiracles visible as light brownish spots, prominent on T1 and A8; caudal filaments, dorsally pink, similar in length to A 8 in dorsal view. Body length: 9.5–11.1 mm (n=2). Duration: 5–7 days (n = 4).
Fourth instar (Fig. 2: 5a, b; Fig. 5: g). Head capsule width: 2.3 mm (n=1). Head capsule appearing olive with numerous secondary setae and “antler-like” bifurcating scolus, appearing orangish, inner fork positioned perpendicular to horizontal plane, appearing darker distally, with seta on both tips (scolus length 0.7 mm (n=1)); seven whitish chalazae (M1-3, P1-4) visible on lateral side, developed compared to previous instar, with primary seta on each of these seven chalazae, as well as on two chalazae posterior of scolus; dark band-like marking visible on frontal part and lateral side of head capsule (as illustrated); six setae on one side of labrum; six stemmata visible, with first and sixth somewhat semi-transparent and thus insignificant, third stemma largest. Body lighter than previous instar; general pattern similar to previous instar except for spiracles appearing whitish. Body length: 19.0– 19.5 mm (n=2). Duration: 6–7 days (n=2).
Fifth (ultimate) instar (Fig. 2: 6a, b; 7a, b; Fig. 5: h). Head capsule width: 2.6 mm (n=1). Head capsule appearing olive with numerous secondary setae and “antler-like” bifurcating scolus, similar to previous instar except for appearing shorter in proportion to head capsule height (scolus length 0.8 mm (n=1)); seven chalazae (M1-3, P1-4) visible on lateral side but appearing orangish compared to previous instar and less developed; six stemmata visible, arrangement similar to previous instar; four setae discernable on one side of labrum with few other small setae, labrum appearing reduced. Body mint green (turns purplish a day prior to pupation, mobile but does not feed; Fig. 2: 7a, b); general pattern similar to previous instar except for stripes somewhat insignificant by blended into mint green body color except for T1, spiracles appearing creamy orangish. Body length: 25.8–26.0 mm (n=2). Duration: 8–9 days (n=2).
Pupa (Fig. 2: 8a, b, c). Body dark chestnut brown and mottled with cream spots; body overall appearing slender with squared ocular caps; small dark brown protuberances present in two rows along dorsal area of abdomen; paired shoulder-like protuberances present on the mesothorax; pale cremaster, short and gradually narrowing towards distal end in posterior view, with rounded pitted sculptures. Body length: 11.6–13.2 mm (n=2). Duration: 11–14 days (n=7).
Host plant (Fig 4: 2a–d). Taquara micrantha (Kunth) I.L.C.Oliveira & R.P.Oliveira (Poaceae: Bambusoideae: Olyreae).
See corresponding section of previous species for further detail. All the larvae of S. furina collected in 2021 were sampled from Taquara micrantha, and all individuals shared characteristics of absence of pubescence on the abaxial leaf surface (another variation of T. micrantha).
Based on 2021- FLP-IMM-0554, the individual associated with S. furina was located near a palm swamp, in a small forest area. At the date of collection the plant was 0.4 m tall. The egg was found at a distance of 0.1 m from the ground, on the abaxial surface, proximal to the leaf base, and between the midrib and margin of the leaf.
description: Published as part of Corahua-Espinoza, Thalia, Nakahara, Shinichi, Kabir, Jamal, Shellman, Brooke, Tejeira, Rafael, Ccahuana, Rodrigo & Gallice, Geoffrey, 2022, Immature stages and new host plant records for four satyrine species feeding on herbaceous bamboos in southeastern Peru (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini), pp. 37-62 in Zootaxa 5125 (1) on pages 45-46, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5125.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/6420356