cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Citrus siam adoption in a South Sumatran rubber smallholding village : an interdependence approach
Creators: name: Higuchi, Yoichiro
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: Agricultural innovations Indonesia Sumatra
subject: Agriculture Economic aspects Indonesia Sumatra

description: In investigating the adoption process of a crop called “citrus siam” in a South Sumatran rubber-smallholding village, Belatung, the importance of externality of other villagers in a villager’s decision making was noticed. Neo-classical economics generally uses a model in which individuals are treated as atomistic, self-interested and independent beings, and attempts have rarely been made to incorporate an individual’s relative socioeconomic position into a utility function framework. Previous attempts, which may be placed under the broad haeding of ” interdependence approach” , are so far simplistic, and still in their infancy. On the other hand, the sociological and anthropological literature has paid greater attention to these aspects. Approaches developed for analysis of a person’s socio-economic position can provide useful concepts for economists to develop realistic economic models of human behaviour. Techniques of sociological network analysis appear to be particularly useful for economists to utilise in their work. In this thesis, firstly, the interdependence approach literature and basic literature of adoption process are reviewed. Secondly, villagers’ interactions with each other are carefully described with sociological network analysis techniques. On this basis, thirdly, a model of expected utility which explicitly incorporates both a person’s absolute and relative income levels is developed for the analysis of the “Cancian Dip” or “upper-middle class conservatism” hypothesis. Finally, with d ata collected from the village, Belatung, hypotheses and propositions of the model are statistically tested. The interdependence approach, though theoretically a little more complicated, is empirically proved to be significantly more powerful in explaining the citrus siam adoption process in Belatung.
Measurements of the rare decay K_{L} -> e^{+} e^{-} e^{+} e^{-}
Creators: name: The KTeV Collaboration
name: Alavi-Harati, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe 441 K_{L} -> e^{+} e^{-} e^{+} e^{-} candidate events with a background of 4.2 events and measure B(K_{L} -> e^{+} e^{-} e^{+} e^{-}) = (3.72 \pm 0.18(stat) \pm 0.23(syst)) \times 10^{-8} in the KTeV/E799II experiment at Fermilab. Using the distribution of the angle between the planes of the e^{+} e^{-} pairs, we measure the CP parameters beta_{CP} = -0.23 \pm 0.09(stat) \pm 0.02(syst) and gamma_{CP} = -0.09 \pm 0.09(stat) \pm 0.02(syst). We also present the first detailed study of the e^{+} e^{-} invariant mass spectrum in this decay mode.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Determination of Metamaterial Parameters by Means of a Homogenization Approach Based on Asymptotic Analysis
Creators: name: Yang, H.
name: Abali, B. E.
name: Müller, W. H.
name: Timofeev, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Owing to additive manufacturing techniques, a structure at millimeter length scale (macroscale) can be produced by using a lattice substructure at micrometer length scale (microscale). Such a system is called a metamaterial at the macroscale as the mechanical characteristics deviate from the characteristics at the microscale. As a remedy, metamaterial is modeled by using additional parameters; we intend to determine them. A homogenization approach based on the asymptotic analysis establishes a connection between these different characteristics at micro- and macroscales. A linear elastic first order theory at the microscale is related to a linear elastic second order theory at the macroscale. Relation for parameters at the macroscale is derived by using the equivalence of energy at macro- and microscales within a so-called Representative Volume Element (RVE). Determination of parameters are succeeded by solving a boundary value problem with the Finite Element Method (FEM). The proposed approach guarantees that the additional parameters vanish if the material is purely homogeneous, in other words, it is fully compatible with conventional homogenization schemes based on spatial averaging techniques. Moreover, the proposed approach is reliable as it ensures that such resolved additional parameters are not sensitive to choices of RVE consisting in the repetition of smaller RVEs but depend upon the intrinsic size of the structure.
Additional file 2: of Chest pain in the ambulance; prevalence, causes and outcome - a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Pedersen, Claus
name: Stengaard, Carsten
name: Friesgaard, Kristian
name: Dodt, Karen
name: Søndergaard, Hanne
name: Terkelsen, Christian
name: Bøtker, Morten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Prehospitally terminated transports and transports missing symptoms or final diagnosis. Characteristics, symptoms and diagnoses in transports terminated prehospitally, or in which either symptoms or final diagnosis is missing. (PDF 424 kb)
On the shape of vortices for a rotating Bose Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Aftalion, Amandine
name: Jerrard, Robert L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a Bose-Einstein condensate placed in a rotating trap, we study the simplified energy of a vortex line derived in Aftalion-Riviere Phys. Rev. A 64, 043611 (2001) in order to determine the shape of the vortex line according to the rotational velocity and the elongation of the condensate. The energy reflects the competition between the length of the vortex which needs to be minimized taking into account the anisotropy of the trap and the rotation term which pushes the vortex along the z axis. We prove that if the condensate has the shape of a pancake, the vortex stays straight along the z axis while in the case of a cigar, the vortex is bent.
The development of the international law of marine fisheries
Creators: name: Gosselin, James
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: Fishery law and legislation
subject: Maritime law

description: This dissertation traces the development of the international law of marine fisheries from its origins to the end of the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea in 1982. Analysis is made of the law's development in terms of both the pre-existing law and broader aspects of the contemporary international law-making process. Where necessary, the law's development is placed in its wider social, economic, political and technological context. The discussion is divided into three main parts. The first part sees the development of the law from its roots in ancient Mediterranean legal systems to the end of World War II. Discussion focusses on fishery-related aspects of the elaboration of the concept of maritime jurisdiction in medieval law; the 'Mare Liberum' - 'Mare Liberum' debate between Grotius and Seiden and their successors; the gradual and widespread coalescence in State practice of fishery jurisdiction and the three-mile limit of the territorial sea in the nineteenth century; and various efforts to codify the law during the period. The second part covers the early post-WWII period and features the rise of the concept of the coastal State's 'special interest' in adjacent fisheries. Discussed in some detail are the Truman Proclamations relating to fisheries and the continental shelf which began the modern international movement towards extended coastal State fishery jurisdiction; the 1951 Anglo-Norwegian Fisheries case before the International Court of Justice; international reaction to the Truman Proclamations; and the deliberations of the first two United Nations Conferences on the Law of the Sea. The third part discusses the development of the law from 1960 to the end of the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III). Attention focusses on the spread of special fishery zones after UNCLOS II; the 1974 Fisheries Jurisdiction case before the International Court of Justice; the proceedings and contribution of the United Nations Sea-Bed Committee and UNCLOS III to the development of the law; and State practice from 1973 to 1982. The study ends with a consideration of the state of the law at the end of UNCLOS III.
Lee-Yang Zeros of the antiferromagnetic Ising Model
Creators: name: Bencs, Ferenc
name: Buys, Pjotr
name: Guerini, Lorenzo
name: Peters, Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the location of zeros for the partition function of the anti-ferromagnetic Ising Model, focusing on the zeros lying on the unit circle. We give a precise characterization for the class of rooted Cayley trees, showing that the zeros are nowhere dense on the most interesting circular arcs. In contrast, we prove that when considering all graphs with a given degree bound, the zeros are dense in a circular sub-arc, implying that Cayley trees are in this sense not extremal. The proofs rely on describing the rational dynamical systems arising when considering ratios of partition functions on recursively defined trees.
description: Includes large figures
Additional file 4: of Chest pain in the ambulance; prevalence, causes and outcome - a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Pedersen, Claus
name: Stengaard, Carsten
name: Friesgaard, Kristian
name: Dodt, Karen
name: SĂ¸Ndergaard, Hanne
name: Terkelsen, Christian
name: BĂ¸Tker, Morten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: ICD-10 codes. ICD-10 diagnoses used to categorize final diagnosis, calculate Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), and to identify known comorbidity. (PDF 531 kb)
Separation of a single photon and products of the $π^0,η, K^0_s$ meson neutral decay channels in the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter using neural network
Creators: name: Bandourin, D. V.
name: Skachkov, N. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The artificial neural network approach is used for separation of signals from a single photon $γ$ and products of the $π^0,η, K^0_s$ meson neutral decay channels on the basis of the data from the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter alone. Rejection values for the three types of mesons as a function of single photon selection efficiencies are obtained for two Barrel and one Endcap pseudorapidity regions and initial $\Et$ of 20, 40, 60 and 100 GeV.
description: 16 pages, uses cernrep.cls style file
Pathways through the Plantation: Oil Palm Smallholders and Livelihood Strategies in Sarawak, Malaysia
Creators: name: Cramb, Rob A.
name: Sujang, Patrick S.
name: Cramb, Rob A.
name: Sujang, Patrick S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: smallholders
subject: estates
subject: livelihood strategy
subject: land policy.

description: The dominant view among policy-makers in Sarawak, a resource frontier state in Malaysian Borneo, is that the only viable way to involve smallholders in the oil palm boom that has transformed the agricultural economy of that island is to consolidate them into larger production entities with externally provided management and finance. However, despite lack of government support, the area of smallholder oil palm has increased dramatically in the past decade in those regions with access to roads and palm oil mills. We argue that, once processing infrastructure is in place, oil palm smallholders can readily take advantage of this infrastructure to pursue a profitable livelihood option, with lower cost and greater flexibility than large-scale operations. In this paper we explore the characteristics of oil palm smallholders in Sarawak and the complex and varied processes by which they have inserted themselves into the rapidly expanding landscape of large-scale plantation development. We develop a typology of oil palm smallholders and present a case study based on a questionnaire survey of 72 farm-households in five longhouse-communities in northern Sarawak. The analysis shows the economic viability of independent oil palm smallholders and identifies appropriate means of support that could raise incomes and spread benefits more widely.
Matching Current Correlators in Lattice QCD to Chiral Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Duncan, A.
name: Pernice, S.
name: Yoo, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral perturbation theory gives direct and unambiguous predictions for the form of various two-point hadronic correlators at low momentum in terms of a finite set of couplings in a chiral Lagrangian. In this paper we study the feasibility of extracting the couplings in the chiral Lagrangian (through 1-loop order) by fitting two-point correlators computed in lattice QCD to the predicted chiral form. The correlators are computed using a pseudofermion technique yielding all-point quark propagators which allows the computation of the full four-momentum transform of the two-point functions to be obtained without sacrificing any of the physical content of the unquenched gauge configurations used. Results are given for an ensemble of dynamical configurations generated using the truncated determinant algorithm on a large coarse lattice. We also present a new analysis of finite volume effects based on a finite volume dimensional regularization scheme which preserves the power-counting rules appropriate for a chiral Lagrangian.
description: LateX, 23 pages, 3 eps figures
Quantifying Farmer Adoption Intensity for Weed Resistance Management Practices and Its Determinants
Creators: name: Dong, Fengxia
name: Mitchell, Paul D.
name: Hurley, Terrance M.
name: Frisvold, George B.
name: Dong, Fengxia
name: Mitchell, Paul D.
name: Hurley, Terrance M.
name: Frisvold, George B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Farm Management
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Given the importance of adopting weed resistance management BMPs, it is important to develop methods to compare BMP adoption among farms and to identify factors that affect BMP adoption. Because of the relatively large number of BMPs and interactions among them, a composite index that integrates and aggregates over all practices is a necessary measure. We use data envelope analysis (DEA) to develop a measure of farmer adoption intensity for a set of interrelated BMPs. In addition, we use polychoric principal component analysis before applying the common-weight DEA method of Despotis to remove correlation among variables and transform categorical variables to continuous ones that fit better in DEA. We applied the method to survey data from soybean growers from ten states in the central and southern U.S. The empirical results suggest that most growers adopt most of the practices, but that there is room for improvement. In addition, we found a significant negative effect on BMP adoption intensity scores for growers who more highly valued the RR trait in soybeans and positive effects for growers who were concerned about herbicide resistant weeds and cost and crop safety when making herbicide decisions.
Autosticha shenae Wang 2004
Creators: name: Wang, Yuqi
name: Wang, Shuxia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Oecophoridae
Autosticha
Autosticha shenae

description: Autosticha shenae Wang, 2004
 Autosticha shenae Wang, 2004: 52. TL: China (Jiangxi).
Material examined. Ming-Chi Ilan Co., Taiwan, China (elev. 1160 m), 1♂, 9−10 July 1996, coll. K. T. Park & H.K. Lee, genitalia slide No. KNA-NK15177 (KNA).
Distribution. China (Fujian, Jiangxi, Taiwan, Zhejiang).
Notes. This species is newly recorded for Taiwan.
description: Published as part of Wang, Yuqi & Wang, Shuxia, 2017, Genus Autosticha Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Autostichidae) from Taiwan, China, pp. 508-513 in Zoological Systematics 42 (4) on page 511, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201722, http://zenodo.org/record/5365479
title: Integrating Uncertainty and Monetary Policy-Making: A Practitioner’s Perspective
Creators: name: Poloz, Stephen S.
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2014

description: This paper discusses how central banking is evolving in light of recent experience, with particular emphasis on the incorporation of uncertainty into policy decision-making. The sort of post-crisis uncertainty that central banks are dealing with today is more profound than that which is typically subjected to rigorous analysis and does not lend itself easily to formal modelling. As a practical matter, the policy-maker is dependent on macro models to develop a coherent monetary policy plan, and this burden of coherence means that fundamental uncertainty must be incorporated explicitly into the policy formulation process. As suggested here, doing so transforms policy formulation from an exercise in reverse engineering to one of risk management, one consequence of which is to inject a little more realism about uncertainty into the policy narrative, while trusting markets to wrestle with the data flow and deliver two-way trading. The evolution is likely to be a long one - researchers are encouraged to keep focusing on developing a practical understanding of how the economy works, one that admits that rules around economic behaviour are not cast in stone, but are almost certainly subject to variation through time and events.
description: Le présent article examine l’évolution que connaissent les banques centrales à la lumière de l’expérience récente et met l’accent sur l’intégration de l’incertitude dans le processus d’élaboration de la politique monétaire. L’incertitude à laquelle les banques centrales sont confrontées dans un contexte d’après-crise est plus profonde que celle faisant généralement l’objet d’analyses rigoureuses et ne se prête pas aussi facilement à la modélisation formelle. Dans la pratique, le décideur dépend des modèles macroéconomiques pour la mise au point d’un plan cohérent en matière de politique monétaire, et en raison de cette exigence de cohérence, l’incertitude fondamentale doit être explicitement prise en compte dans l’élaboration de cette politique. Ce faisant, la formulation de la politique ne repose plus sur un modèle purement technique, mais plutôt sur un processus de gestion des risques. C’est donc dire qu’il faut tenir compte de l’incertitude de façon un peu plus réaliste dans le message de la Banque, tout en se fiant aux marchés pour jongler avec les flux de données et s’ajuster dans les deux sens. L’évolution sera sûrement longue. On encourage les chercheurs à poursuivre leurs efforts pour en arriver à une compréhension pratique des rouages de l’économie, et ainsi reconnaître que les règles entourant les comportements économiques ne sont pas immuables, mais varient presque inévitablement au fil du temps ou des événements.
Autosticha dimochla Meyrick 1935
Creators: name: Wang, Yuqi
name: Wang, Shuxia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Oecophoridae
Autosticha
Autosticha dimochla

description: Autosticha dimochla Meyrick, 1935
 Autosticha dimochla Meyrick, 1935: 76. TL: China (Hunan).
Material examined. Nantou Hueisun Exp. Forest, Taiwan, China (elev. 650 m), 3♀, 24−29 October, coll. W. Mey & W. Speidel, genitalia slide No. MNHU-NK 137♀ (MNHU); Taipei Co. Wulai, Taiwan, China (elev. 400 m), 1♀, 1−2 March 2000, coll. W. Speidel, genitalia slide No. MNHU-NK 147♀ (MNHU); Lia-Hwa-Chi, Nantou Co., Taiwan, China (elev. 690 m), 1♂, 4 July 1996, coll. K. T. Park & H.K. Lee, genitalia slide No. KNA-NK15180 ♂ (KNA).
Distribution. China (Anhui, Fujian, Hebei, Henan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Shanxi, Taiwan, Tianjin, Zhejiang), Korea.
Notes. This species is newly recorded for Taiwan.
description: Published as part of Wang, Yuqi & Wang, Shuxia, 2017, Genus Autosticha Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Autostichidae) from Taiwan, China, pp. 508-513 in Zoological Systematics 42 (4) on page 511, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201722, http://zenodo.org/record/5365479
Maculantrops altiplanus KITS & MARSHALL 2013, sp. nov.
Creators: name: KITS, JOEL H.
name: MARSHALL, STEPHEN A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sphaeroceridae
Maculantrops
Maculantrops altiplanus

description: Maculantrops altiplanus sp. nov.
(Figs. 169, 230)
 Description. Femora 2 and 3 pale brown basal to yellow band, dark brown distal to yellow band. Tibiae 1 and 2 with dark brown with yellow bands at half and apex, tibia 3 with yellow bands at third and apically, dark brown basally, pale brown between yellow bands.
Male postabdomen: Sternite 5 simple, rectangular. Surstylus pointed apically, with a rectangular lobe projecting from posterior margin. Pregonite completely fused with postgonite, setae very short. Postgonite with lobes widely separated, anterior lobe very broad, posterior lobe narrow and pointed. Ejaculatory apodeme long, thick. Basiphallus with long epiphallus, broad, barely projecting preepiphallus. Distiphallus simple, dorsal sclerite flat, possibly homologous with dorsal tube, ventrally with a large, setose, clear sac (Fig. 169).
Female postabdomen: Tergites 6–7 and sternites 6–7 very broad, moderately sclerotized, covered with microtomentum, without posterior strips. Tergite 8 broad, anterior margin with a small weakly sclerotized patch medially, covered with microtomentum. Epiproct broad, anterior arms broad, without setae, distal third covered with microtomentum. Cerci very broad. Sclerites of sternite 8 short, nearly meeting lateral margin of tergite 8, very narrow and shiny anteriorly, broad and covered with microtomentum posteriorly. Hypoproct broad, U-shaped, arms shiny. Spermathecae (1 pair) barrel-shaped, about 2X longer than wide, with short basal invagination, longer apical invagination.
 Type material. Holotype ♂: BOLIVIA: La Paz: La Paz, 15 km NE, 16°24.6'S 68°02.9'W, 4300 m, 29 Mar 2001, S.D. Gaimari, debu01154915 (UASC). Paratype: Lago Titicaca, Mapac, Sahuiña, 16°10'S 69°04'W, 3812 m, 23 Apr 1997, L. Masner (1 ♀, DEBU).
 Comments. The species name is the latinized form of Altiplano, the Spanish name for the vast Andean plateau where the type specimens of this species were collected. This species is very similar to the widespread M. hirtipes, but it can be distinguished based on the characters in the key.
description: Published as part of KITS, JOEL H. & MARSHALL, STEPHEN A., 2013,
  Generic classification of the Archiborborinae (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae), with a revision of  Antrops  Enderlein,  Coloantrops  gen. nov.,  Maculantrops  gen. nov.,  Photoantrops  gen. nov., and  Poecilantrops  gen. nov.  , pp. 1-113 in Zootaxa 3704 (1) on pages 90-91, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3704.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6507447
Additional file 1: of Chest pain in the ambulance; prevalence, causes and outcome - a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Pedersen, Claus
name: Stengaard, Carsten
name: Friesgaard, Kristian
name: Dodt, Karen
name: Søndergaard, Hanne
name: Terkelsen, Christian
name: Bøtker, Morten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Patient flowchart. Flowchart of study patients. (PDF 121 kb)
Efficient Supervision for Robot Learning via Imitation, Simulation, and Adaptation
Creators: name: Wulfmeier, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent successes in machine learning have led to a shift in the design of autonomous systems, improving performance on existing tasks and rendering new applications possible. Data-focused approaches gain relevance across diverse, intricate applications when developing data collection and curation pipelines becomes more effective than manual behaviour design. The following work aims at increasing the efficiency of this pipeline in two principal ways: by utilising more powerful sources of informative data and by extracting additional information from existing data. In particular, we target three orthogonal fronts: imitation learning, domain adaptation, and transfer from simulation.
description: Dissertation Summary
Staple Crops, Smallholder Farmers and Multinationals: The ‘Water-Efficient Maize for Africa’ Project
Creators: name: Lumpkin, Thomas A.
name: Armstrong, Janice
name: Lumpkin, Thomas A.
name: Armstrong, Janice
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Agribusiness
Crop Production/Industries
Farm Management
Food Security and Poverty

description: Doubling food production by 2050 under conditions of climate change and depleted natural resources requires increased investment and creative approaches. The Water-Efficient Maize for Africa (WEMA) project, a five-year public–private partnership begun in 2008 and led by the African Agricultural Technology Foundation (AATF), is an excellent example. Under WEMA, Monsanto, the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), and national agricultural research systems in Kenya, Mozambique, South Africa, Tanzania and Uganda are developing, testing and disseminating drought-tolerant maize. Efforts involve both advanced, conventional breeding techniques and biotechnology tools. Transgenic drought tolerance from Monsanto and BASF is being added to elite, drought-tolerant maize lines from CIMMYT and Monsanto so that the new varieties will better withstand the increasing impacts of climate change in Africa. WEMA varieties under development have been licensed to AATF for eventual use by local, qualified seed producers and made available to them royalty-free. The project reflects both Monsanto and CIMMYT’s goals of putting advanced technology within reach of smallholder farmers in developing countries. In this pioneering effort, important challenges have arisen around project governance, contrasts in institutional culture, managing risk, intellectual property and external communications. More difficulties loom in the areas of regulatory approval, contracting, delivery and stewardship. Addressing these issues demands determination, creativity and good faith of all parties. WEMA is proving a valuable learning experience for participants and, hopefully, a model for multi-sectoral alliances that focus on crucial development aims.
Private Sector Partnering on Crops for the Poorest of the Poor
Creators: name: Gowda, C.L. Laxmipathi
name: Verma, Paresh
name: Rai, K.N.
name: Reddy, Belum V.S.
name: Saxena, K.B.
name: Gowda, C.L. Laxmipathi
name: Verma, Paresh
name: Rai, K.N.
name: Reddy, Belum V.S.
name: Saxena, K.B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Food Security and Poverty

description: The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) has a mandate to improve the livelihoods of the poor in the semiarid tropical (SAT) regions of Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia, which is home to 550 million poor people. Sorghum, pearl millet, chickpea, pigeonpea and groundnut are the staple food crops in the SAT, often grown on marginal lands with poor soil fertility and erratic rainfall. Dryland farmers are physically, economically and politically vulnerable and need to be empowered to enhance their income and livelihoods. Seed-based technologies (high-yielding and adapted cultivars) are the cheapest and easiest to be adopted by poor farmers, and often serve as catalysts for adoption of inputs such as fertiliser, pesticides and good crop management practices. ICRISAT partners with public- and private-sector institutions to ensure that seeds of improved varieties and hybrids are available to poor farmers at an affordable price and at the right time and place. As a public-sector institution, ICRISAT develops improved varieties and hybrid parents. Privatesector (PS) partners test, multiply and market promising hybrids through their well-established market linkages in the rural areas. ICRISAT has partnered with more than 50 seed companies in India, Indonesia, Egypt, Mexico and Brazil through a novel consortium approach to deliver its research products (improved hybrids and varieties) to poor farmers through public–private partnerships. Some PS partners, who have their own research programs, also benefit by accessing prerelease breeding material. This approach exploits complementary expertise and resources, and generates synergies between international agricultural research centres (IARCs) and the PS in development and marketing seed of improved cultivars, without compromising the global research agenda in delivering international public goods (IPGs).
Fertility change and the impact of family planning in Shaanxi Province, China
Creators: name: Yan, Hao
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: Fertility, Human China Shaanxi Sheng
subject: Birth control China Shaanxi Sheng

description: This study analyzes the fertility change in Shaanxi Province, China and estimates the impact of family planning programs on fertility decline during the 1972-1984. Data used come from the 1985 Regional In-Depth Fertility Survey, supplemented by service statistics of family planning. Fertility change in Shaanxi is analyzed in terms of children ever born to married women, parity progression ratio, age— specific fertility rates, age— specific marital fertility rates and total fertility rates, as well as cohort-period fertility rates. The results confirm a substantial fertility decline in the study areas, particularly among women aged 30 and over and during the 9 years prior to the 1985 survey. This study reveals very high levels of knowledge (5.2 methods per women) and use (currently 69 percent) of contraceptives, suggesting that contraceptive practice plays a key role in reducing fertility among married women in Shaanxi. Of all methods used, 92.6 percent are provided by family planning programs, mainly the more efficient methods, the IUD and sterilization. The study also finds that under strong family planning programs, contraceptive use among married women is irrespective of educational level, Three evaluative methods have been employed to assess the program impact on fertility decline: standardization approach, component projection approach II, and the prevalence model. It is estimated that, of all births averted during the period 1972-1984, three-quarters had been averted by women aged 25 — 39 at the time of the survey, and about 80 percent had been averted by using the IUD and sterilization.
Physics at TESLA
Creators: name: Blair, Grahame A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physics at a 500-800 GeV electron positron linear collider, TESLA, is reviewed. The machine parameters that impact directly on the physics are discussed and a few key performance goals for a detector at TESLA are given. Emphasis is placed on precision measurements in the Higgs and top sectors and on extrapolation to high energy scales in the supersymmetric scenario.
description: Talk presented at Lake Louise Winter Institute 2001. 7 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 2 of The two chytrid pathogens of amphibians in Eurasia—climatic niches and future expansion
Creators: name: Sun, Dan
name: Ellepola, Gajaba
name: Herath, Jayampathi
name: Meegaskumbura, Madhava
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2.
Additional file 2: of Implementing cardiovascular disease prevention guidelines to translate evidence-based medicine and shared decision making into general practice: theory-based intervention development, qualitative piloting and quantitative feasibility
Creators: name: Bonner, Carissa
name: Fajardo, Michael
name: Doust, Jenny
name: McCaffery, Kirsten
name: Lyndal Trevena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: GP survey about cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention guidelines. (PDF 60 kb)
Generalized Polarization and time-resolved fluorescence provide evidence for different populations of Laurdan in lipid vesicles
Creators: name: Bacalum, M.
name: Radu, M.
name: Osella, S.
name: Knippenberg, S.
name: Ameloot, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solvatochromic dye Laurdan is widely used in sensing the lipid packing of both model and biological membranes. The fluorescence emission maximum shifts from about 440 nm (blue channel) in condensed membranes (So) to about 490 nm (green channel) in the liquid-crystalline phase (Lα). Although the fluorescence intensity based generalized polarization (GP) is widely used to characterize lipid membranes, the fluorescence lifetime of Laurdan, in the blue and the green channel, is less used for that purpose. Here we explore the correlation between GP and fluorescence lifetimes by spectroscopic measurements on the So and Lα phases of large unilamellar vesicles of DMPC and DPPC. A positive correlation between GP and the lifetimes is observed in each of the optical channels for the two lipid phases. Fluorescence intensities, GP and fluorescence lifetimes depend on the angle between the orientation of the linear polarization of the excitation light and the local normal to the membrane of the optical cross-section. This angular variation depends on the lipid phase and the emission channel. GP and fluorescence intensities in the blue and green channel in So and in the blue channel in Lα exhibit a minimum near 90o. Surprisingly, the intensity in the green channel in Lα reaches a maximum near 90o. The fluorescence lifetimes in the two optical channels also reach a pronounced minimum near 90o in So and Lα, apart from the lifetime in the blue channel in Lα where the lifetime is short with minimal angular variation. To our knowledge, these experimental observations are the first to demonstrate the existence of a bent conformation of Laurdan in lipid membranes, as previously suggested by molecular dynamics calculations.
Autosticha pachysticta
Creators: name: Wang, Yuqi
name: Wang, Shuxia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Oecophoridae
Autosticha
Autosticha pachysticta

description: Autosticha pachysticta (Meyrick, 1936)
 Semnolocha pachysticta Meyrick, 1936: 49. TL: Japan.
 Autosticha pachysticta (Meyrick): Ueda, 1997: 117.
Material examined. Nantou Hueisun Exp. Forest, Taiwan, China (elev. 1100 m), 2♂, 22−24 April 1999, coll. W. Mey & Ebert; Nantou Hueisun Exp. Forest, Taiwan, China (elev. 600 m), 8♂, 25−27 April 1999, coll. W. Mey & Ebert, genitalia slide No. MNHU-NK133 (MNHU).
Distribution. China (Anhui, Hebei, Hainan, Liaoning, Sichuan, Taiwan, Zhejiang), Japan, Korea.
Notes. This species is newly recorded for Taiwan.
description: Published as part of Wang, Yuqi & Wang, Shuxia, 2017, Genus Autosticha Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Autostichidae) from Taiwan, China, pp. 508-513 in Zoological Systematics 42 (4) on page 511, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201722, http://zenodo.org/record/5365479
Meson exchange currents in electromagnetic one-nucleon emission
Creators: name: Giusti, C.
name: Pacati, F. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of meson exchange currents (MEC) in electron- and photon-induced one-nucleon emission processes is studied in a nonrelativistic model including correlations and final state interactions. The nuclear current is the sum of a one-body and of a two-body part. The two-body current includes pion seagull, pion-in-flight and the isobar current contributions. Numerical results are presented for the exclusive 16O(e,e'p)15N and 16O(γ,p)15N reactions. MEC effects are in general rather small in (e,e'p), while in (γ,p) they are always large and important to obtain a consistent description of (e,e'p) and (γ,p) data, with the same spectroscopic factors. The calculated (γ,p) cross sections are sensitive to short-range correlations at high values of the recoil momentum, where MEC effects are larger and overwhelm the contribution of correlations.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 3: of Chest pain in the ambulance; prevalence, causes and outcome - a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Pedersen, Claus
name: Stengaard, Carsten
name: Friesgaard, Kristian
name: Dodt, Karen
name: SĂ¸Ndergaard, Hanne
name: Terkelsen, Christian
name: BĂ¸Tker, Morten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Identification of chest pain. Details on Danish Index codes indicating chest pain and the automatic text search and validation of this. (PDF 605 kb)
Photoantrops KITS & MARSHALL 2013, gen. nov.
Creators: name: KITS, JOEL H.
name: MARSHALL, STEPHEN A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sphaeroceridae
Photoantrops

description: Photoantrops gen. nov.
 Type species: Photoantrops echinus sp. nov., by present designation
Description as for the only included species.
 Comments. This genus is described for a single, highly distinctive species. It can be distinguished from other Archiborborinae by the greatly enlarged thoracic and leg bristles (Fig. 10), the lack of ocellar bristles, presence of a single ocellar bristle, and syntergite 1+2 twice the width of tergites 3–5.
 The genus name is formed from a combination of the Greek photos (light) and the genus name Antrops, in reference to the collection method of the type species. It is masculine in accordance with ICZN 30.1.4.3.
description: Published as part of KITS, JOEL H. & MARSHALL, STEPHEN A., 2013,
  Generic classification of the Archiborborinae (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae), with a revision of  Antrops  Enderlein,  Coloantrops  gen. nov.,  Maculantrops  gen. nov.,  Photoantrops  gen. nov., and  Poecilantrops  gen. nov.  , pp. 1-113 in Zootaxa 3704 (1) on page 92, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3704.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6507447
Vegetables and Small Private-Sector Interests
Creators: name: Keatinge, J.D.H. (Dyno)
name: Hughes, Jacqueline D'Arros
name: Tenkouano, Abdou
name: Hamilton, K.
name: Easdown, W.J.
name: Mongi, H.O.
name: Keatinge, J.D.H. (Dyno)
name: Hughes, Jacqueline D'Arros
name: Tenkouano, Abdou
name: Hamilton, K.
name: Easdown, W.J.
name: Mongi, H.O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Poor farmers in developing countries need access to affordable high-quality seed of improved crop varieties to improve their incomes and reduce malnutrition. Vegetables are vital for balanced nutrition, particularly in Africa, where production has been almost static for decades, per capita consumption is very low and malnutrition is rife. Vegetables produce much greater income than staples and farmers are willing to pay substantial amounts for good seed of open-pollinated varieties they can later reproduce themselves. Small local seed firms have a competitive advantage over multinationals in supplying niche markets provided by large numbers of smallholder farmers and in dealing with complex seed distribution chains, but they need public-sector research support. AVRDC — The World Vegetable Center’s vegetable breeding research and the business expertise of small private seed companies are delivering improved varieties to smallholder farmers in developing countries where there is limited public-sector plant breeding capacity. Over the last ten years AVRDC has worked closely to build partnerships with national agricultural research services and local seed companies in Tanzania to create effective national seed systems and to breed and widely distribute a series of improved tomato varieties, revolutionising East African tomato production and increasing farmer incomes by an average of 40%. Similar close cooperation is successfully commercialising improved varieties of Africa’s highly nutritious indigenous vegetables — previously ignored as food for the poor. International research cooperation and public–private partnerships also are increasingly important to vegetable industries in Australasia and the Pacific as national agricultural funding priorities change, diseases become more internationalised, and quarantine alone is insufficient insurance against transmission.
Effects of Charge on Gravitational Decoupled Anisotropic Solutions in f(R) Gravity
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Waseem, Arfa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is devoted to studying charged anisotropic static spherically symmetric solutions through gravitationally decoupled minimal geometric deformation technique in $f(R)$ gravity. For this purpose, we first consider the known isotropic Krori-Barua solution for $f(R)$ Starobinsky model in the interior of a charged stellar system and then include the effects of two types of anisotropic solutions. The corresponding field equations are constructed and the unknown constants are obtained from junction conditions. We analyze the physical viability and stability of the resulting solutions through effective energy density, effective radial/tangential pressure, energy conditions, and causality condition. It is found that both solutions satisfy the stability range as well as other physical conditions for specific values of charge as well as model parameter and anisotropic constant. We conclude that the modified theory under the influence of charge yields more stable behavior of the self-gravitating system.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures
Do evolved stars in the LMC show dual dust chemistry?
Creators: name: Marini, E.
name: Dell'Agli, F.
name: García-Hernández, D. A.
name: Groenewegen, M. A. T.
name: Puccetti, S.
name: Ventura, P.
name: Villaver, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a group of evolved M-stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud, characterized by a peculiar spectral energy distribution. While the $9.7~μ$m feature arises from silicate particles, the whole infrared data seem to suggest the presence of an additional featureless dust species. We propose that the circumstellar envelopes of these sources are characterized by a dual dust chemistry, with an internal region, harbouring carbonaceous particles, and an external zone, populated by silicate, iron and alumina dust grains. Based on the comparison with results from stellar modelling that describe the dust formation process, we deduce that these stars descend from low-mass ($M < 2~M_{\odot}$) objects, formed $1-4$ Gyr ago, currently evolving either in the post-AGB phase or through an after-pulse phase, when the shell CNO nuclear activity is temporarily extinguished. Possible observations able to confirm or disregard the present hypothesis are discussed.
Autosticha microphilodema Wang 2004
Creators: name: Wang, Yuqi
name: Wang, Shuxia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Oecophoridae
Autosticha
Autosticha microphilodema

description: Autosticha microphilodema Wang, 2004
 Autosticha microphilodema Wang, 2004: 41. TL: China (Henan).
Material examined. Nantou Hueisun Exp. Forest, Taiwan, China (elev. 650 m), 5♂, 1♀, 24−29 October 1998, coll. W. Mey & W. Speidel, genitalia slide No. MNHU-NK 135♂; Nantou Hueisun Exp. Forest, Taiwan, China (elev. 600 m), 3♂, 25−27 April 1999, coll. W. Mey & Ebert, genitalia slide Nos. MNHU-NK135, MNHU-NK136 (MNHU).
Distribution. China (Chongqing, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Shanxi, Taiwan, Zhejiang).
Notes. This species is newly recorded for Taiwan.
description: Published as part of Wang, Yuqi & Wang, Shuxia, 2017, Genus Autosticha Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Autostichidae) from Taiwan, China, pp. 508-513 in Zoological Systematics 42 (4) on page 511, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201722, http://zenodo.org/record/5365479
Source Code for the Model from Metabolic reprogramming and signaling cross-talks in tumor-immune interaction: A system-level exploration
Creators: name: Shukla, Mudita
name: Bhowmick, Rupa
name: Ganguli, Piyali
name: Sarkar, RamRup
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310803
subject: Plant cell and molecular biology
classificationCode: 310902
subject: Animal cell and molecular biology

description: supplementary_file3
An African Green Revolution Leading to Development
Creators: name: Ngongi, Namanga
name: Ngongi, Namanga
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
International Development

description: Africa is short of food, due particularly to increasing population and under-investment in agriculture and agricultural research. For several reasons farm yields are about one-quarter of the global average. New broad cooperative approaches to the problem have had very encouraging results; Malawi for example has been able to export food to neighbouring countries. Significant factors in this success include comprehensive policy support by governments for farmers, innovative financing arrangements, and institutional innovations that have encouraged small-scale domestic agribusinesses, especially in the supply of good seed and fertiliser. There are further opportunities to build on the resulting expansion of rural economies, for example by new crops and local processing, and to extend these examples to other countries. Increased vigilance is required to maintain farmer access to good farmland, and to anticipate and offset adverse effects of climate change.