cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Polya Contagion Model for Networks
Creators: name: Hayhoe, Mikhail
name: Alajaji, Fady
name: Gharesifard, Bahman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A network epidemics model based on the classical Polya urn scheme is investigated. Temporal contagion processes are generated on the network nodes using a modified Polya sampling scheme that accounts for spatial infection among neighbouring nodes. The stochastic properties and the asymptotic behaviour of the resulting network contagion process are analyzed. Unlike the classical Polya process, the network process is noted to be non-stationary in general, although it is shown to be time-invariant in its first and some of its second-order statistics and to satisfy martingale convergence properties under certain conditions. Three classical Polya processes, one computational and two analytical, are proposed to statistically approximate the contagion process of each node, showing a good fit for a range of system parameters. Finally, empirical results compare and contrast our model with the well-known discrete time SIS model.
description: Accepted for publication in the IEEE Transactions on Control of Network Systems, November 2017. 12 pages, 12 figures
Absolute parallelism for 2-nondegenerate CR structures via bigraded Tanaka prolongation
Creators: name: Porter, Curtis
name: Zelenko, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32V05, 32V40, 53C10

description: An absolute parallelism for $2$-nondegenerate CR manifolds $M$ of hypersurface type was recently constructed independently by Isaev-Zaitsev, Medori-Spiro, and Pocchiola in the minimal possible dimension ($\dim M=5$), and for $\dim M=7$ in certain cases by the first author. We develop a bigraded analog of Tanaka's prolongation procedure to construct a canonical absolute parallelism for these CR structures in arbitrary (odd) dimension with Levi kernel of arbitrary admissible dimension. We introduce the notion of a bigraded Tanaka symbol. Under regularity assumption that the symbol is a Lie algebra, we define a bigraded analog of the Tanaka universal algebraic prolongation and prove that for any CR structure with a given regular symbol there exists a canonical absolute parallelism on a bundle whose dimension is that of this bigraded prolongation. We show that there is a unique (up to local equivalence) such CR structure whose algebra of infinitesimal symmetries has maximal possible dimension, and the latter algebra is isomorphic to the real part of the bigraded prolongation of the symbol. In the case of $1$-dimensional Levi kernel we classify all regular symbols and calculate their bigraded prolongations. In this case the regular symbols can be subdivided into nilpotent, strongly non-nilpotent and weakly non-nilpotent. The bigraded prolongation of strongly non-nilpotent symbols is isomorphic to $\mathfrak{so}\left(m,\mathbb C\right)$ where $m=\tfrac{1}{2}(\dim M+5)$. Any real form of this algebra, except $\mathfrak{so}\left(m\right)$ and $\mathfrak{so}\left(m-1,1\right)$, corresponds to the real part of the bigraded prolongation of exactly one strongly non-nilpotent symbol. However, for a fixed $\dim M\geq 7$ the dimension of the bigraded prolongations achieves its maximum on one of the nilpotent regular symbols, and this maximal dimension is equal to $\tfrac{1}{4}(\dim M-1)^2+7$.
description: 44 pages; Accepted to Journal f\"ur die reine und angewandte Mathematik (Crelle's journal); the functorial property of the canonical frame is emphasized, some references were added/updated
Product formulas for the $5$-division points on the Tate normal form and the Rogers-Ramanujan continued fraction
Creators: name: Morton, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G05, 14H52

description: Explicit formulas are proved for the $5$-torsion points on the Tate normal form $E_5$ of an elliptic curve having $(X,Y)=(0,0)$ as a point of order $5$. These formulas express the coordinates of points in $E_5[5] - \langle(0,0)\rangle$ as products of linear fractional quantities in terms of $5$-th roots of unity and a parameter $u$, where the parameter $b$ which defines the curve $E_5$ is given as $b=(\varepsilon^5 u^5- \varepsilon^{-5})/(u^5+1)$ and $\varepsilon = (-1+\sqrt{5})/2$. If $r(τ)$ is the Rogers-Ramanujan continued fraction and $b=r^5(τ)$, then the coordinates of points of order $5$ in $E_5[5] - \langle(0,0)\rangle$ are shown to be products of linear fractional expressions in $r(5τ)$ with coefficients in $\mathbb{Q}(ζ_5)$.
description: 19 pages; the paper now discusses the connection with the Rogers-Ramanujan continued fraction; in version 4 several formulas in version 3 have been corrected
On the constant roll complex scalar field inflationary models
Creators: name: Mohammadi, Ali
name: Ahmadi, Nahid
name: Shokri, Mehdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we wish to point out the possibility of using a complex scalar field in a constant roll inflationary model, as needed for observational viability. We extend the idea of real field inflaton with constant rate of roll to a complex field, showing the feasibility of solving Einstein Klein-Gordon equations constrained by an \emph{appropriate} form of constant roll definition. As compared to the well known (two-parametric class of) real field models, there is one more degree of flexibility in constant roll inflationary solutions which is represented by an arbitrary function of time, $γ(t)$. We work with an arbitrary but constant function $γ$ (where $γ=0$ refers to the corresponding real field model) and find new inflationary class of potentials. In this class of models, the behavior of real and complex field models are similar in some aspects, for example the solutions with large constant roll parameter are not stable and should be considered as early time transients. These field solutions relax at late time on a dual attractor trajectory. However, complex fields phase space trajectories reach this stable regime after real fields. We performed the stability analysis on $γ$ function space solutions and found that dynamically stable trajectories in phase space are stable under $γ$ variations. We extended this study by considering multifield models of constant roll inflation with non-canonical kinetic terms. By enlarging the size of field space, we showed that a multifield constant roll model is dynamically a single field effective theory. If field space is parametrized by $N$ non-canonical fields, there will be $N$ free parameters in the potential that can be attributed to the interaction between the fields.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures
Impact, Attention, Influence: Early Assessment of Autonomous Driving Datasets
Creators: name: Bogdoll, Daniel
name: Hendl, Jonas
name: Schreyer, Felix
name: Gowda, Nishanth
name: Färber, Michael
name: Zöllner, J. Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Autonomous Driving (AD), the area of robotics with the greatest potential impact on society, has gained a lot of momentum in the last decade. As a result of this, the number of datasets in AD has increased rapidly. Creators and users of datasets can benefit from a better understanding of developments in the field. While scientometric analysis has been conducted in other fields, it rarely revolves around datasets. Thus, the impact, attention, and influence of datasets on autonomous driving remains a rarely investigated field. In this work, we provide a scientometric analysis for over 200 datasets in AD. We perform a rigorous evaluation of relations between available metadata and citation counts based on linear regression. Subsequently, we propose an Influence Score to assess a dataset already early on without the need for a track-record of citations, which is only available with a certain delay.
description: Daniel Bogdoll and Jonas Hendl contributed equally. Accepted for publication at ICCRE 2023
Supplementary document for A dual layer chessboard metasurface sandwiched by a spin-on-carbon for spectral modulation - 6822671.pdf
Creators: name: Tian, Shuoqiu
name: Yuan, Wentao
name: Guo, Jinyu
name: Chen, Qiucheng
name: Chen, Yifang
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The refractive index of spin-on-carbon
Computing Nonvacuous Generalization Bounds for Deep (Stochastic) Neural Networks with Many More Parameters than Training Data
Creators: name: Dziugaite, Gintare Karolina
name: Roy, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One of the defining properties of deep learning is that models are chosen to have many more parameters than available training data. In light of this capacity for overfitting, it is remarkable that simple algorithms like SGD reliably return solutions with low test error. One roadblock to explaining these phenomena in terms of implicit regularization, structural properties of the solution, and/or easiness of the data is that many learning bounds are quantitatively vacuous when applied to networks learned by SGD in this "deep learning" regime. Logically, in order to explain generalization, we need nonvacuous bounds. We return to an idea by Langford and Caruana (2001), who used PAC-Bayes bounds to compute nonvacuous numerical bounds on generalization error for stochastic two-layer two-hidden-unit neural networks via a sensitivity analysis. By optimizing the PAC-Bayes bound directly, we are able to extend their approach and obtain nonvacuous generalization bounds for deep stochastic neural network classifiers with millions of parameters trained on only tens of thousands of examples. We connect our findings to recent and old work on flat minima and MDL-based explanations of generalization.
description: 14 pages, 1 table, 2 figures. Corresponds with UAI camera ready and supplement. Includes additional references and related experiments
"Upstream" in Seven Steps
Creators: name: Keeney, Gavin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Intellectual Property Rights
Publishing
Scholarship
Collectivism
Knowledge Commons

description: A summary in seven steps for a new model scholarly journal based on a "No Rights" idiom and a collectivist ethos.
description: Part and parcel of the Works for Works (W4W) research project (2019-2024).
Beyond Graph Convolutional Network: An Interpretable Regularizer-centered Optimization Framework
Creators: name: Wang, Shiping
name: Wu, Zhihao
name: Chen, Yuhong
name: Chen, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.5.1
subject: 68T07

description: Graph convolutional networks (GCNs) have been attracting widespread attentions due to their encouraging performance and powerful generalizations. However, few work provide a general view to interpret various GCNs and guide GCNs' designs. In this paper, by revisiting the original GCN, we induce an interpretable regularizer-centerd optimization framework, in which by building appropriate regularizers we can interpret most GCNs, such as APPNP, JKNet, DAGNN, and GNN-LF/HF. Further, under the proposed framework, we devise a dual-regularizer graph convolutional network (dubbed tsGCN) to capture topological and semantic structures from graph data. Since the derived learning rule for tsGCN contains an inverse of a large matrix and thus is time-consuming, we leverage the Woodbury matrix identity and low-rank approximation tricks to successfully decrease the high computational complexity of computing infinite-order graph convolutions. Extensive experiments on eight public datasets demonstrate that tsGCN achieves superior performance against quite a few state-of-the-art competitors w.r.t. classification tasks.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
AstroSat/LAXPC detection of milli-second phenomena in 4U 1728-34
Creators: name: Chauhan, Jai Verdhan
name: Yadav, J S
name: Misra, Ranjeev
name: Agrawal, P C
name: Antia, H M
name: Pahari, Mayukh
name: Sridhar, Navin
name: Dedhia, Dhiraj
name: Katoch, Tilak
name: Madhwani, P.
name: Manchanda, R K
name: Paul, B
name: Shah, Parag
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low mass X-ray binary 4U 1728-24 was observed with AstroSat/LAXPC on 8th March 2016. Data from a randomly chosen one orbit of over 3 ks was analyzed for detection of rapid intensity variations. We found that the source intensity was nearly steady but towards the end of the observation a typical Type-1 burst was detected. Dynamical power spectrum of the data in the 3 to 20 keV band, reveals presence of a kHz Quasi-Periodic Oscillation (QPO) whose frequency drifted from around 815 Hz at the beginning of the observation to about 850 Hz just before the burst. The QPO is also detected in the 10 to 20 keV band, which was not obtainable by earlier RXTE observations of this source. Even for such a short observation with a drifting QPO frequency, the time-lag between the 5 to 10 and 10 to 20 keV bands can be constrained to be less than 100 microseconds. The Type-1 burst that lasted for about 20 secs had a typical profile. During the first four seconds dynamic power spectra reveal a burst oscillation whose frequency increased from 361.5 to 363.5 Hz. This is consistent with the earlier results obtained with RXTE/PCA, showing the same spin frequency of the neutron star. The present results demonstrate the capability of LAXPC instrument for detecting millisecond variability even from short observations. After RXTE ceased operation, LAXPC on AstroSat is the only instrument at present with capability of detecting kHz QPOs and other kind of rapid variations from 3 keV to 20 keV and possibly at higher energies also.
description: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal, 6 figures, five pages
Quantum diamond microscopy with optimized magnetic field sensitivity and sub-ms temporal resolution
Creators: name: Oh, Sangwon
name: Lee, Seong-Joo
name: Shim, Jeong Hyun
name: Song, Nam Woong
name: Hien, Truong Thi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum diamond magnetometers using lock-in detection have successfully detected weak bio-magnetic fields from neurons, a live mammalian muscle, and a live mouse heart. This opens up the possibility of quantum diamond magnetometers visualizing microscopic distributions of the bio-magnetic fields. Here, we demonstrate a lock-in-based wide-field quantum diamond microscopy, achieving a mean volume-normalized per pixel sensitivity of 43.9 $\mathrm{nTμm^{1.5}/Hz^{0.5}}$. We optimize the sensitivity by implementing a double resonance with hyperfine driving and magnetic field alignment along the $<$001$>$ orientation of the diamond. Additionally, we show that sub-ms temporal resolution ($\sim$ 0.4 ms) can be achieved while keeping the per-pixel sensitivity at a few tens of nanotesla per second using quantum diamond microscopy. This lock-in-based diamond quantum microscopy could be a step forward in mapping functional activity in neuronal networks in micrometer spatial resolution.
Low-Rank Inducing Norms with Optimality Interpretations
Creators: name: Grussler, Christian
name: Giselsson, Pontus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 90C06, 90C25, 90C26, 90C59

description: Optimization problems with rank constraints appear in many diverse fields such as control, machine learning and image analysis. Since the rank constraint is non-convex, these problems are often approximately solved via convex relaxations. Nuclear norm regularization is the prevailing convexifying technique for dealing with these types of problem. This paper introduces a family of low-rank inducing norms and regularizers which includes the nuclear norm as a special case. A posteriori guarantees on solving an underlying rank constrained optimization problem with these convex relaxations are provided. We evaluate the performance of the low-rank inducing norms on three matrix completion problems. In all examples, the nuclear norm heuristic is outperformed by convex relaxations based on other low-rank inducing norms. For two of the problems there exist low-rank inducing norms that succeed in recovering the partially unknown matrix, while the nuclear norm fails. These low-rank inducing norms are shown to be representable as semi-definite programs. Moreover, these norms have cheaply computable proximal mappings, which makes it possible to also solve problems of large size using first-order methods.
The masses and metallicities of stellar haloes reflect galactic merger histories
Creators: name: D'Souza, Richard
name: Bell, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is increasing observational and theoretical evidence for a correlation between the metallicity and the mass of the stellar halo for galaxies with Milky Way-like stellar masses. Using the Illustris cosmological hydrodynamical simulations, we find that this relationship arises because a single massive massive progenitor contributes the bulk of the mass to the accreted stellar component as well as sets its metallicity. Moreover, in the Illustris simulations, this relationship extends over 3 orders of magnitude in accreted stellar mass for central galaxies. We show that for Milky Way-like mass galaxies, the scatter in accreted metallicity at a fixed accreted stellar mass encodes information about the stellar mass of the dominant accreted progenitor, while the radial density and metallicity gradients of the accreted stellar component encodes information about the time of accretion of the dominant progenitor. We demonstrate that for Milky Way-like mass galaxies, the Illustris simulations predict that the metallicity and the stellar mass of the total accreted stellar component can be reconstructed from aperture measurements of the stellar halo along the minor axis of edge-on disk galaxies. These correlations highlight the potential for observational studies of stellar halos to quantify our understanding of the most dominant events in the growth history of galaxies. We explore the implications of our model for our understanding of the accretion histories of the Milky Way, M31 and NGC 5128. In particular, a relatively late and massive accretion is favoured for M31; additionally, we provide a first estimate of the accreted stellar mass for NGC 5128.
description: 22 pages, Accepted MNRAS
Measurement as the Basis of Waves and Matter: A Higgs-Zeno Perspective
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Dristi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Measurement is often treated as a passive act in quantum mechanics, but we propose that mea-surement **actively constructs reality** by defining wave-particle interactions, energy distributions,and spacetime evolution. Using the Higgs-Zeno framework, we suggest that **wave function be-havior is fundamentally dictated by measurement frequency**, introducing a physical basis forquantum-to-classical transition and matter-wave duality.We refine our understanding of quantum measurement effects by incorporating:• **Measurement frequency as a determinant of wave properties**: The measurement operator modifies waveevolution, linking measurement to renormalization scaling.• **Matter formation as a high-frequency measurement residue**: Low-frequency measurement maintainswave behavior, while high-frequency measurement induces classical states.• **Experimental verification through condensed matter physics and quantum optics**: Quantum Hall sys-tems and Bose-Einstein condensates provide potential empirical validation.• **Decay Rate Suppression by Measurement Frequency**: Simulations analyze the relationship betweenfrequent measurement and the longevity of quantum states.• **Quantum Tunneling and Wave Emergence**: Measurement acts as a regulator for tunneling probabilitiesand the creation of stable wave structures.• **Spacetime Emergence through Measurement Metrics**: A connection between Higgs-Zeno interactionsand quantum gravity.These findings redefine quantum measurement as a fundamental process shaping physical realitybeyond the standard observer paradigm.

 

AcknowledgementsThe author acknowledges the use of OpenAI's ChatGPT and DeepSeek as assistive tools in the development of ideas, refinement of theoretical models, and support in drafting and editing the manuscript. The AI was employed for brainstorming, language polishing, diagram suggestions, and exploring mathematical formulations, with all conceptual direction and final interpretations guided by the author.
A Singular One-Dimensional Bound State Problem and its Degeneracies
Creators: name: Erman, F.
name: Gadella, M.
name: Tunalı, Ş.
name: Uncu, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a brief exposition of the formulation of the bound state problem for the one-dimensional system of $N$ attractive Dirac delta potentials, as an $N \times N$ matrix eigenvalue problem ($ΦA =ωA$). The main aim of this paper is to illustrate that the non-degeneracy theorem in one dimension breaks down for the equidistantly distributed Dirac delta potential, where the matrix $Φ$ becomes a special form of the circulant matrix. We then give an elementary proof that the ground state is always non-degenerate and the associated wave function may be chosen to be positive by using the Perron-Frobenius theorem. We also prove that removing a single center from the system of $N$ delta centers shifts all the bound state energy levels upward as a simple consequence of the Cauchy interlacing theorem.
description: Major modifications: title changed, typos corrected, clarifications added, published version
Inhomogeneous superconductivity onset in FeSe studied by transport properties
Creators: name: Grigoriev, P. D.
name: Kochev, V. D.
name: Orlov, A. P.
name: Frolov, A. V.
name: Sinchenko, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heterogeneous superconductivity onset is a common phenomenon in high-$T_c$ superconductors of both the cuprate and iron-based families. It is manifested by a fairly wide transition from the metallic to zero-resistance state. Usually, in these strongly anisotropic materials, superconductivity (SC) first appears as isolated domains. This leads to anisotropic excess conductivity above $T_c$, and the transport measurements provide valuable information about the SC domain structure deep within the sample. In bulk samples, this anisotropic SC onset gives an approximate average shape of SC grains, while in thin samples it also indicates the average size of SC grains. In this work, both interlayer and intralayer resistivity are measured as a function of temperature in FeSe samples of various thickness. To measure the interlayer resistivity, FeSe mesa structures oriented across the layers were fabricated using FIB. As the sample thickness decreases, a significant increase in superconducting transition temperature $T_c$ is observed : $T_c$ raises from 8 K in bulk material to 12 K in microbridges of thickness $\sim 40$ nm. We apply analytical and numerical calculations to analyze these and earlier data and find the aspect ratio and size of the SC domains in FeSe consistent with our resistivity and diamagnetic response measurements. We propose a simple and fairly accurate method for estimating the aspect ratio of SC domains from $T_c$ anisotropy in samples of various small thickness. The relationship between nematic and superconducting domains in FeSe is discussed. We also generalize the analytical formulas for conductivity in heterogeneous anisotropic superconductors to the case of elongated SC domains of two perpendicular orientations with equal volume fractions, corresponding to the nematic domain structure in various Fe-based superconductors.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
title: Revista Diálogos Interdisciplinarios en Red, Vol. 1 Núm. 1 (2020): REVISTA DIÁLOGOS INTERDISCIPLINARIOS EN RED
title: REVISTA DIÁLOGOS INTERDISCIPLINARIOS EN RED
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Revista Diálogos Interdisciplinarios En Red
Publisher: name: Revista Diálogos Interdisciplinarios en Red
Year: 2020

description: Número de Edición: 1 ISSN: 2711-3191 (En línea) Fecha Publicación: Mayo de 2020 Editor: Editorial EIDEC Escuela Internacional de Negocios y Desarrollo Empresarial de Colombia Publicación: Trimestral Correo: comiteeditorial@editorialeidec.com https://www.editorialeidec.com/revista/index.php/Rediir Colombia
description: I. NARRATIVAS DE LA CRIANZA Y DEL PROCESO DE ESCOLARIZACION EN FAMILIAS MIGRANTES...5-14 II. UNA PERSPECTIVA DIFERENTE DE LA “INCLUSIÓN”...15-23 III. LA INCLUSIÓN EDUCATIVA...24-33 IV. ESTRATEGIA LÚDICO-PEDAGÓGICA PARA EL DESARROLLO INTEGRAL DE LOS NIÑOS EN EL NIVEL PREESCOLAR, DEL COLEGIO PSICOPEDAGÓGICO SAN LAUREANO...34-45 V. PROPUESTA PEDAGÓGICA PARA EL TRABAJO POR PROYECTOS ESCOLARES...46-51
Antiferromagnetic order and its interplay with superconductivity in CaK(Fe$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$)$_4$As$_4$
Creators: name: Wilde, J. M.
name: Sapkota, A.
name: Ding, Q. -P.
name: Xu, M.
name: Tian, W.
name: Bud'ko, S. L.
name: Furukawa, Y.
name: Kreyssig, A.
name: Canfield, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic order for several compositions of CaK(Fe$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$)$_4$As$_4$ has been studied by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Mössbauer spectroscopy, and neutron diffraction. Our observations for the Mn-doped 1144 compound are consistent with the hedgehog spin vortex crystal (hSVC) order which has previously been found for Ni-doped $\text{Ca}\text{K}\text{Fe}_4\text{As}_4$. The hSVC state is characterized by the stripe-type propagation vectors $(π\,0)$ and $(0\,π)$ just as in the doped 122 compounds. The hSVC state preserves tetragonal symmetry at the Fe site, and only this SVC motif with simple AFM stacking along $\textbf{c}$ is consistent with all our observations using NMR, Mössbauer spectroscopy, and neutron diffraction. We find that the hSVC state in the Mn-doped 1144 compound coexists with superconductivity (SC), and by combining the neutron scattering and Mössbauer spectroscopy data we can infer a quantum phase transition, hidden under the superconducting dome, associated with the suppression of the AFM transition temperature ($T_\text{N}$) to zero for $x\approx0.01$. In addition, unlike several 122 compounds and Ni-doped 1144, the ordered magnetic moment is not observed to decrease at temperatures below the superconducting transition temperature ($T_\text{c}$).
description: 10 pages and 10 figures
Quantum gradient descent for linear systems and least squares
Creators: name: Kerenidis, Iordanis
name: Prakash, Anupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum machine learning and optimization are exciting new areas that have been brought forward by the breakthrough quantum algorithm of Harrow, Hassidim and Lloyd for solving systems of linear equations. The utility of {classical} linear system solvers extends beyond linear algebra as they can be leveraged to solve optimization problems using iterative methods like gradient descent. In this work, we provide the first quantum method for performing gradient descent when the gradient is an affine function. Performing $τ$ steps of the gradient descent requires time $O(τC_S)$ for weighted least squares problems, where $C_S$ is the cost of performing one step of the gradient descent quantumly, which at times can be considerably smaller than the classical cost. We illustrate our method by providing two applications: first, for solving positive semidefinite linear systems, and, second, for performing stochastic gradient descent for the weighted least squares problem with reduced quantum memory requirements. We also provide a quantum linear system solver in the QRAM data structure model that provides significant savings in cost for large families of matrices.
Backreaction in cosmic screening approach
Creators: name: Eingorn, Maxim
name: O'Briant, Brianna
name: Diouf, Adjaratou
name: Zhuk, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the backreaction of nonlinear perturbations on the global evolution of the Universe within the cosmic screening approach. To this end, we have considered the second-order scalar perturbations. An analytical study of these perturbations followed by a numerical evaluation shows that, first, the corresponding average values have a negligible backreaction effect on the Friedmann equations and, second, the second-order correction to the gravitational potential is much less than the first-order quantity. Consequently, the expansion of perturbations into orders of smallness in the cosmic screening approach is correct.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Transverse orbital angular momentum of spatiotemporal optical vortices
Creators: name: Porras, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatiotemporal optical vortices (STOVs) are electromagnetic wave packets that transport a phase line singularity perpendicular to their propagation direction. We address the problem of the transverse orbital angular momentum (OAM) ``per photon" actually transported by STOVs propagating in free space or non-dispersive media, the most frequent experimental situation. Unlike longitudinal vortices in monochromatic light beams, STOVs do not carry any net transverse OAM about a fixed transverse axis crossing its center. However, STOVs transport an intrinsic transverse OAM per photon about a moving, transverse axis through its center, and an opposite extrinsic transverse OAM. Their applications would thus preclude setting particles at rest into rotation, but STOVs could transmit their intrinsic transverse OAM to photons of other waves. The intrinsic transverse OAM per photon of an elliptically symmetric STOV of frequency $ω_0$ and topological charge $l$ is $γl/2ω_0$, where $γ$ is the STOV ellipticity. Thus circularly symmetric STOVs ($γ=1$) carry half the intrinsic longitudinal OAM of circularly symmetric monochromatic light beams with a vortex of the same $l$ and $ω_0$. We show that the formula $(γ+1/γ)l/2ω_0$ for the intrinsic transverse OAM in Phys. Rev. A 107, L031501 (2023) yields infinite values and is not conserved on propagation for a particular STOV. When STOVs lose their elliptical symmetry upon propagation, they preserve the intrinsic transverse OAM $γl/2ω_0$ despite the phase singularity may split, the split singularities may disappear, or even change the sign of their topological charges.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
The effect of language and acoustic degradation on speech intelligibility in young adults
Creators: name: Puripanyo, Kriengkrai
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420102
subject: Audiology

description: Background: Every day, humans listen to speech that varies in quality . The question the current project addressed is how the brain processes speech that is degraded and/or unintelligible. Previous literature has applied a filter called temporal response function, which describes the mapping between the speech envelope and its neural response to understand the association between speech intelligibility and brain processing. To advance the current understanding of neural encoding to speech, we investigated the effect of language and vocoded speech, which is an acoustically degraded signal in speech intelligibility. Listeners were exposed to acoustically intact and degraded speech in their native language, English as a Second language (ESL) and to an unknown language. Methods: Thirty normal-hearing participants and young adults were recruited for this study. Fifteen participants were native English speakers (aged 20.1-35.1 years, 3 males), and another fifteen were native Thai speakers (aged 20.2-38.8 years, 5 males). All participants completed the language assessments (LexTALE test) to qualify for their English language proficiency. The EEG experiment included four listening conditions of twelve minutes each (two languages and two acoustic conditions). Each participant listened to English and Thai stories in 2 acoustic conditions: clear speech and 4-channel vocoding (less clear) speech. The EEG data was analysed by using the forward model of the temporal response function (TRF) framework to determine how best the speech envelope-brain mapping could predict acoustically degraded speech for native versus nonnative or unknown language. Results: The results revealed a significant main effect of the acoustic degradation (F(1, 28) = 27.31, p < .001) as TRF predictive accuracy was significantly lower in the vocoded conditions. A one-way ANOVA was performed to investigate the effect of language proficiency. A Posthoc test (Tukey HSD) showed no significant difference between native and non-native speakers (p = .632) and between known and unknown languages (p = .992) in clear conditions. However, the results showed that there was a significant reduction in TRF predictive accuracy from clear to vocoded listening conditions (p < .001) in Thai native listening conditions but not for English native listening conditions (p = .678). Conclusion: Altogether, our results showed that TRF predictive accuracy was similar when English speakers heard clear speech in an unknown language, indicating the importance of auditory processing. The TRF predictive accuracy of acoustically degraded speech of a tonal language, however, was significantly poorer, indicating the importance of language processing.
NUISANCE: a neutrino cross-section generator tuning and comparison framework
Creators: name: Stowell, P.
name: Wret, C.
name: Wilkinson, C.
name: Pickering, L.
name: Cartwright, S.
name: Hayato, Y.
name: Mahn, K.
name: McFarland, K. S.
name: Sobczyk, J.
name: Terri, R.
name: Thompson, L.
name: Wascko, M. O.
name: Uchida, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NUISANCE is an open source C++ framework which facilitates detailed studies of neutrino interaction cross-section models implemented in Monte Carlo neutrino event generators. It provides a host of automated methods to perform comparisons of multiple generators to published cross-section measurements and each other. External reweighting libraries are used to allow the end-user to evaluate the impact of model parameters variations in the generators with data, or to tune the generator predictions to arbitrary dataset combinations. The design is modular and focusses on ease-of-use to allow new datasets and more generators to be added without requiring detailed understanding of the entire NUISANCE package. We discuss the motivation for the NUISANCE framework and suggested usage cases, alongside a description of its core structure.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures. Published in JINST
Lévy Processes and Infinitely Divisible Measures in the Dual of a Nuclear Space
Creators: name: Fonseca-Mora, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $Φ$ be a nuclear space and let $Φ'_β$ denote its strong dual. In this work we establish the one-to-one correspondence between infinitely divisible measures on $Φ'_β$ and Lévy processes taking values in $Φ'_β$. Moreover, we prove the Lévy-Itô decomposition, the Lévy-Khintchine formula and the existence of càdlàg versions for $Φ'_β$-valued Lévy processes. A characterization for Lévy measures on $Φ'_β$ is also established. Finally, we prove the Lévy-Khintchine formula for infinitely divisible measures on $Φ'_β$.
description: To appear in Journal of Theoretical Probability
Exact Geodesic Distances in FLRW Spacetimes
Creators: name: Cunningham, William J.
name: Rideout, David
name: Halverson, James
name: Krioukov, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geodesics are used in a wide array of applications in cosmology and astrophysics. However, it is not a trivial task to efficiently calculate exact geodesic distances in an arbitrary spacetime. We show that in spatially flat (3+1)-dimensional Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) spacetimes, it is possible to integrate the second-order geodesic differential equations, and derive a general method for finding both timelike and spacelike distances given initial-value or boundary-value constraints. In flat spacetimes with either dark energy or matter, whether dust, radiation, or a stiff fluid, we find an exact closed-form solution for geodesic distances. In spacetimes with a mixture of dark energy and matter, including spacetimes used to model our physical universe, there exists no closed-form solution, but we provide a fast numerical method to compute geodesics. A general method is also described for determining the geodesic connectedness of an FLRW manifold, provided only its scale factor.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Fermion scattering on topological solitons in the $\mathbb{CP}^{N-1}$ model
Creators: name: Loginov, A. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scattering of Dirac fermions in the background fields of topological solitons of the $(2+1)$-dimensional $\mathbb{CP}^{N-1}$ model is studied using analytical and numerical methods. It is shown that the exact solutions for fermionic wave functions can be expressed in terms of the confluent Heun functions. The question of the existence of bound states for the fermion-soliton system is then investigated. General formulae describing fermion scattering are obtained, and a symmetry property for the partial phase shifts is derived. The amplitudes and cross-sections of the fermion-soliton scattering are obtained in an analytical form within the framework of the Born approximation, and the symmetry properties and asymptotic forms of the Born amplitudes are investigated. The dependences of the first few partial phase shifts on the fermion momentum are obtained by numerical methods, and some of their properties are investigated and discussed.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
On qualitative properties of solutions for elliptic problems with the $p$-Laplacian through domain perturbations
Creators: name: Bobkov, Vladimir
name: Kolonitskii, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J92, 35B06, 49Q10, 35B30, 49K30, 35B51

description: We study the dependence of least nontrivial critical levels of the energy functional corresponding to the zero Dirichlet problem $-Δ_p u = f(u)$ in a bounded domain $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^N$ upon domain perturbations. Assuming that the nonlinearity $f$ is superlinear and subcritical, we establish Hadamard-type formulas for such critical levels. As an application, we show that among all (generally eccentric) spherical annuli $Ω$ least nontrivial critical levels attain maximum if and only if $Ω$ is concentric. As a consequence of this fact, we prove the nonradiality of least energy nodal solutions whenever $Ω$ is a ball or concentric annulus.
description: 19 pages. Minor improvements. Accepted to Communications in Partial Differential Equations
Frequency-resolved Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Carreño, Juan Camilo López
name: del Valle, Elena
name: Laussy, Fabrice P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We adapt the Quantum Monte Carlo method to the cascaded formalism of quantum optics, allowing us to simulate the emission of photons of known energy. Statistical processing of the photon clicks thus collected agrees with the theory of frequency-resolved photon correlations, extending the range of applications based on correlations of photons of prescribed energy, in particular those of a photon-counting character. We apply the technique to autocorrelations of photon streams from a two-level system under coherent and incoherent pumping, including the Mollow triplet regime where we demonstrate the direct manifestation of leapfrog processes in producing an increased rate of two-photon emission events.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures
Phenotypic characterisation of members of the Lachnospiraceae family isolated from ruminants
Creators: name: Rajasekaran, Krsana
name: Attwood, Graeme
name: Kelly, Bill
name: Gagic, Dragana
name: Reilly, Kerri
name: Reid, Peter
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3107
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Aims To phenotypically characterise 45 Lachnospiraceae strains from the Hungate 1000 culture collection. To compare the genomic data obtained in the Hungate 1000 study using Protologger to the experimental findings from the phenotypic characterisation.
Pseudo-Poisson Nijenhuis manifolds
Creators: name: Nakamura, Tomoya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce the notion of pseudo-Poisson Nijenhuis manifolds. These manifolds are generalizations of Poisson Nijenhuis manifolds by Magri and Morosi \cite{MM}. We show that any pseudo-Poisson Nijenhuis manifold has an associated quasi-Lie bialgebroid as in the case of Poisson quasi-Nijenhuis manifolds by Sti$\acute{\mathrm{e}}$non and Xu \cite{SX}. Hence, since a quasi-Lie bialgebroid has an associated Courant algebroid, we have new materials to construct Courant algebroids. In the "nondegenerate" case, we show that the conditions of pseudo-Poisson Nijenhuis structures can be reduced. Therefore we can provide lots of non-trivial examples of pseudo-Poisson Nijenhuis manifolds.
Softening of Majorana edge states by long-range couplings
Creators: name: Tarantola, Alessandro
name: Defenu, Nicolò
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inclusion of long-range couplings in the Kitaev chain is shown to modify the universal scaling of topological states close to the critical point. By means of the scattering approach, we prove that the Majorana states \textit{soften}, becoming increasingly delocalised at a universal rate which is only determined by the interaction range. This edge mechanism can be related to a change in the value of the bulk topological index at criticality, upon careful redefinition of the latter. The critical point turns out to be topologically akin to the trivial phase rather than interpolating between the two phases. Our treatment moreover showcases how various topological aspects of quantum models can be investigated analytically.
description: 7 + 5 pages (main body + appendices), 3 figures
Derived categories of K3 surfaces, O'Grady's filtration, and zero-cycles on holomorphic symplectic varieties
Creators: name: Shen, Junliang
name: Yin, Qizheng
name: Zhao, Xiaolei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Moduli spaces of stable objects in the derived category of a $K3$ surface provide a large class of holomorphic symplectic varieties. In this paper, we study the interplay between Chern classes of stable objects and zero-cycles on holomorphic symplectic varieties which arise as moduli spaces. First, we show that the second Chern class of any object in the derived category lies in a suitable piece of O'Grady's filtration on the $\mathrm{CH}_0$-group of the $K3$ surface. This solves a conjecture of O'Grady and improves on previous results of Huybrechts, O'Grady, and Voisin. Then we propose a candidate of the Beauville-Voisin filtration on the $\mathrm{CH}_0$-group of the moduli space of stable objects. We discuss its connection with Voisin's recent proposal via constant cycle subvarieties. In particular, we deduce the existence of algebraic coisotropic subvarieties in the moduli space. Further, for a generic cubic fourfold containing a plane, we establish a connection between zero-cycles on the Fano variety of lines and on the associated $K3$ surface.
description: 28 pages. Revised version. Conjecture 0.3 of the first version is proven by Marian and the third author. Many results in the paper are now unconditional
Spin-mixing-tunneling network model for Anderson transitions in two-dimensional disordered spinful electrons
Creators: name: Lu, Jie
name: Li, Mei
name: Xi, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Anderson transitions in two-dimensional spinful electron gases subject to random scalar potentials with time-reversal-symmetric spin-mixing tunneling (SMT) and spin-preserving tunneling (SPT) at potential saddle points (PSPs). A symplectic quantum network model, named as SMT-QNM, is constructed in which SMT and SPT have the same status and contribute independent tunneling channels rather than sharing a total-probability-fixed one. Two-dimensional continuous Dirac Hamiltonian is then extracted out from this discrete network model as the generator of certain unitary transformation. With the help of high-accuracy numerics based on transfer matrix technique, finite-size analysis on two-terminal conductance and normalized localization length provides a phase diagram drawn in the SMT-SPT plane. As a manifestation of symplectic ensembles, a normal-metal (NM) phase emerges between the quantum spin Hall (QSH) and normal-insulator (NI) phases when SMT appears. We systematically analyze the quantum phases on the boundary and in the interior of the phase space. Particularly, the phase diagram is closely related to that of disordered three-dimensional weak topological insulators by appropriate parameter mapping. At last, if time-reversal symmetry in electron trajectories between PSPs is destroyed, the system falls into unitary class with no more NM phase. A direct SMT-driven transition from QSH to NI phases exists and can be explained by spin-flip backscattering between the degenerate doublets at the same sample edge.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures