Tapiena
Creators: name: Tan, Ming Kai
name: Liu, Chunxiang
name: Artchawakom, Taksin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Phaneropteridae
Tapiena

description: Key to species of Tapiena (for males only)
Tapiena emarginata Karny, 1923, Tapiena latifolia Ingrisch & Shishodia, 2000, Tapiena pentagona Karny, 1923 and Tapiena triangulata Karny, 1926 are only known for females and thus not included in this key. This key is modified from key for China species by Liu & Kang (2010).
1. Distribution: Africa................................................................... T. minor Bolívar, 1906
- Distribution: Asia..................................................................................... 2
2. Distribution: India ............... T. acutangula (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878) or T. latifolia Ingrisch & Shishodia, 2000
- Distribution: China and Southeast Asia.................................................................... 3
3. Tenth abdominal tergite with apical process highly modified into a large laterally compressed plate (Figs. 1A– 1I, 5F)...... 4
- Tenth abdominal tergite simple, with little or no modification, often forming a simple plate (not laterally compressed) (Figs. 1J–1L, 6E, 6F)....................................................................................... 13
4. Apical process of tenth abdominal tergite bilobate apically (in dorsal view) (Figs. 2 A–2E)............................ 5
- Apical process of tenth abdominal tergite not furrowed or bifurcate apically, often tapering into an acute, obtuse or truncated apex (in dorsal view) (Figs. 2 F–2H, 5E).................................................................... 9
5. Subgenital plate with stylus distinctively longer than apical lobe (Figs. 3 A, 3B).................................... 6
- Subgenital plate with stylus about same length as, or only slightly longer than apical lobe (Figs. 3 C–3E)................ 7
6. Stridulatory file on left tegmen with about 240 fine teeth. Apical process of tenth abdominal tergite with short lobes at apex diverging outwards from one another; excision between lobes broadly rounded (in dorsal view) (Fig. 2 A)............................................................................................. T. stridulous Liu & Kang, 2010
- Stridulatory file on left tegmen with about 150 rather distinct fine teeth and about apical 25 indistinct teeth. Apical process of tenth abdominal tergite with short lobes at apex not diverging outwards from one another; excision between lobes truncated (in dorsal view) (Fig. 2 B).......................................................... T. hainanensis Liu & Xia, 1996
7. Apical process of tenth abdominal tergite distinctively forked or bilobate apically (in dorsal view) (Figs. 2 C, 2D); in lateral view, with ventral process pointing ventrad (Figs. 1C, 1D). Cercus more slender and gently curved inwards (Fig. 4 A)..... 8
- Apical process of tenth abdominal tergite feebly bilobate apically (in dorsal view) (Fig. 2 E); in lateral view, with ventral process pointing ventrad-posteriorly (Fig. 1E). Cercus more robust with interior margin more concave (Fig. 4 B)............................................................................................. T. longzhouensis Liu, 2004
8. Apical process of tenth abdominal tergite tapering to an acute apex, with ventral process short and forked apically (in lateral view) (Fig. 1C); forked into two triangular lobes; excision between lobes subacute (in dorsal view) (Fig. 2 C)................................................................................................ T. javanica Karny, 1926
- Apical process of tenth abdominal tergite blunt, with ventral process long and acute apically (in lateral view) (Fig. 1D); forked into two truncated lobes; excision between lobes rounded (in dorsal view) (Fig. 2 D).......... T. bilobata Liu & Kang, 2010
9. Apical process of tenth abdominal tergite with dorsal surface spiniferous in the apical third, with numerous spines along ventral margin (Figs. 1F, 1G). Cercus with two processes at the apex, with a large distal spine and small subapical spine on exterior margin (Figs. 4 C, 4D)................................................................................. 10
- Apical process of tenth abdominal tergite with dorsal surface not spiniferous; with few or no spines along ventral margin. Cercus not as above...................................................................................... 11
10. Apical process of tenth abdominal tergite with 4–5 spines on ventral margin, apex more blunt (in lateral view) (Fig. 1F)................................................................................ T. spinicaudata Liu & Xia, 1996
- Apical process of tenth abdominal tergite with 2–3 spines on ventral margin, apex more acute (in lateral view) (Fig. 1G)............................................................................ T. parapentagona Liu & Kang, 2010
11. Apical process of tenth abdominal tergite forming a triangular ventral process (in lateral view) (Figs. 1H, 1I, 2G, 2H)...... 12
- Apical process of tenth abdominal tergite produced into two long processes, not forming a triangular ventral process (in lateral view) (Fig. 5 F)........................................................................... T. sakaerat sp. n.
12. Apical process of tenth abdominal tergite with apex acute (in lateral view and dorsally) (Figs. 1H, 2G).................................................................................... T. cucullata (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891)
- Apical process of tenth abdominal tergite with apex truncated (in lateral view and dorsally) (Fig. 1I, 2H)............................................................................................... T. yunnana Xia & Liu, 1990
13. Tenth abdominal tergite with teeth or long process apically (in dorsal view) (Figs. 2 I, 2J)............................ 14
- Tenth abdominal tergite without tooth or long process apically (in dorsal view)................................... 15
14. Tenth abdominal tergite with a long process that tapers into an acute apex (Figs. 1J, 2I). Cercus simple with two small apical spines (Figs. 1J, 2I).................................................................. T. ensigera Karny, 1923
- Tenth abdominal tergite with four teeth apically, two lateral and two medial teeth (in dorsal view) (Fig. 2 J). Cercus with interior margin inflated from middle with apex forming a wide compressed tooth (Fig. 4 E)...... T. quadridens Liu & Xia, 1996
15. Cercus simple, bent inwards apically into an acute apex (Fig. 4 F).......................... T. bivittata Xia & Liu, 1992
- Cercus modified (Figs. 1K, 1L, 4G– 4I, 6E–6G)............................................................. 16
16. Tenth abdominal tergite excised in the middle, to form two lobes............................................... 17
- Tenth abdominal tergite not excised in the middle........................................................... 18
17. Cercus with apex forming a broad, ovate node (Fig. 1K)...................................... T. bullata Karny, 1923
- Cercus distinctively bilobate apically with obtuse inner tooth (Fig. 1L)........................... T. incisa Karny, 1923
18. Cercus elongated; with apex acute and sclerotized, with dorsal margin denticulate (Figs. 6 F, 6G). Subgenital plate deeply excised between apical lobes (Fig. 6 G)...................................................... T. denticulata sp. n.
- Cercus not as above. Subgenital plate not deeply excised between apical lobes (Figs. 3 F–3H)........................ 19
19. Cercus more with more than apical half lamellate, narrowing into an apex that recurved dorsally (Figs. 4 G, 4H).......... 20
- Cercus apical part enlarged apically, with an upcurved hook (Fig. 4 I)....................... T. simplicis Liu & Xia, 1996
20. Cercus with a lamellate appendage pointing dorsally in the middle (Fig. 4 G). Subgenital plate with posterior margin triangularly excised between the lobes (Fig. 3 F)............................................. T. stylata Bey-Bienko, 1935
- Cercus without a lamellate appendage pointing dorsally in the middle (Fig. 4 H). Subgenital plate with posterior margin roundly excised between the lobes (Fig. 3 G)............................................. T. cerciata Hebard, 1922
description: Published as part of Tan, Ming Kai, Liu, Chunxiang & Artchawakom, Taksin, 2015, Taxonomic review of Tapiena (Orthoptera: Phaneropteridae: Phaneropterinae), with key to species and new species from Thailand in Zootaxa 3920 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3920.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/236803