cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous multi-telescope observations of FRB 121102
Creators: name: Caleb, M.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: Abbott, T. D.
name: Barr, E. D.
name: Bezuidenhout, M. C.
name: Buchner, S. J.
name: Burgay, M.
name: Chen, W.
name: Cognard, I.
name: Driessen, L. N.
name: Fender, R.
name: Hilmarsson, G. H.
name: Hoang, J.
name: Horn, D. M.
name: Jankowski, F.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Lorimer, D. R.
name: Malenta, M.
name: Morello, V.
name: Pilia, M.
name: Platts, E.
name: Possenti, A.
name: Rajwade, K. M.
name: Ridolfi, A.
name: Rhodes, L.
name: Sanidas, S.
name: Serylak, M.
name: Spitler, L. G.
name: Townsend, L. J.
name: Weltman, A.
name: Woudt, P. A.
name: Wu, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 11 detections of FRB 121102 in ~3 hours of observations during its 'active' period on the 10th of September 2019. The detections were made using the newly deployed MeerTRAP system and single pulse detection pipeline at the MeerKAT radio telescope in South Africa. Fortuitously, the Nancay radio telescope observations on this day overlapped with the last hour of MeerKAT observations and resulted in 4 simultaneous detections. The observations with MeerKAT's wide band receiver, which extends down to relatively low frequencies (900-1670 MHz usable L-band range), have allowed us to get a detailed look at the complex frequency structure, intensity variations and frequency-dependent sub-pulse drifting. The drift rates we measure for the full-band and sub-banded data are consistent with those published between 600-6500 MHz with a slope of -0.147 +/- 0.014 ms^-1. Two of the detected bursts exhibit fainter 'precursors' separated from the brighter main pulse by ~28 ms and ~34 ms. A follow-up multi-telescope campaign on the 6th and 8th October 2019 to better understand these frequency drifts and structures over a wide and continuous band was undertaken. No detections resulted, indicating that the source was 'inactive' over a broad frequency range during this time.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Improving Agriculture Students' Understanding of Global Production Systems through Distance Learning
Creators: name: Bernardo, Daniel J.
name: Cameron, Donald
name: Conforte, Daniel
name: Sorokin, Pavel
name: Bernardo, Daniel J.
name: Cameron, Donald
name: Conforte, Daniel
name: Sorokin, Pavel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: globalization
subject: international
subject: comparative farm case studies
subject: distance learning

description: Globalization is a fundamental force currently shaping agricultural sector throughout the world. To make sound decisions in a globalised economy, agricultural producers and agribusiness managers must have a high level of understanding of the international dimensions of their industry. To address this need, we are developing a course aimed at helping agricultural students better understand the managerial environment faced by producers worldwide. This course will provide students an opportunity to learn about agricultural production, and the context in which it occurs, by analyzing real-world farm case studies in various countries on four continents in both hemispheres of the globe. Eight case studies are being developed to exemplify the production and managerial environment in five different countries (Russia, Australia, Uruguay, Brazil, and the U.S.). Each case study will include a written description of the case, as well as a video tour of the farm and surrounding region and an interview with the farm manager. The case studies will provide the principal building blocks for the comparative farm management systems course to be taught at each of the four cooperating universities. Through the comparative farm management systems course, students will: (1) obtain a better understanding of the production agriculture sectors of the world, (2) discuss regional agricultural economic issues with instructors who are experts from each country, and (3) gain real-world problems solving experience in international settings through case study analysis. The case studies and course curriculum will be made available to other universities through a project web page and distribution of case study CD-ROMs.
Organic Dairy Farming in Norway Under the 100% Organically Produced Feed Requirement
Creators: name: Flaten, Ola
name: Lien, Gudbrand D.
name: Flaten, Ola
name: Lien, Gudbrand D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: feed regulation
subject: organic farming
subject: milk production
subject: stochastic programming

description: The EU regulation governing organic production will require 100% organic feed in organic dairy systems from August 2005 compared with 85% currently in Norway. This study aimed to assess adjustments in resource use and financial impacts on organic dairy herds using a discrete stochastic programming model. Farm management effects of the regulatory change varied between farm types. For the two organic dairy systems examined, both having a milk quota of 100 000 litres but with varying farmland availability, the introduction of the 100% organic feed regulation resulted in an economic loss of approximately 6-8% of the net income compared to the current regime. The economic loss was mainly due to the considerable higher price of organic compared to conventional concentrates.
Parti fra Erkebispegaarden. Erkebiskop Olaf Engelbrektsons vaaben med den rundbuede dør i vestfløien ("Vægthuset"), hidført fra Steinvikholm i 1671.
Creators: name: Mathiesen, Henrik
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1891
Subjects: Udefinert

description: Erkebispegården.
description: Tegning.
Loss-tolerant quantum key distribution with a twist
Creators: name: Bourassa, J. Eli
name: Primaatmaja, Ignatius William
name: Lim, Charles Ci Wen
name: Lo, Hoi-Kwong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The security of measurement device-independent quantum key distribution (MDI QKD) relies on a thorough characterization of one's optical source output, especially any noise in the state preparation process. Here, we provide an extension of the loss-tolerant protocol [Phys. Rev. A 90, 052314 (2014)], a leading proof technique for analyzing the security of QKD, to MDI QKD protocols that employ mixed signal states. We first reframe the core of the proof technique, noting its generalization to treat $d$-dimensional signal encodings. Concentrating on the qubit signal state case, we find that the mixed states can be interpreted as providing Alice and Bob with a virtual shield system they can employ to reduce Eve's knowledge of the secret key. We then introduce a simple semidefinite programming method for optimizing the virtual operations they can perform on the shield system to yield a higher key rate, along with an example calculation of fundamentally achievable key rates in the case of random polarization modulation error.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures (including supplementary materials). Comments welcome
Munkholmen. Søilefod og stump af søileskaft fra klosterkirken paa Munkholmen, "early english" stil. Stregmaner. I Bergens museum. En del af det bytte som Bergenserne vandt ved strandhugget rundt Trondhhjemsfjorden 1848.
Creators: name: Mathiesen, Henrik
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1909
Subjects: Udefinert

description: Munkholmen.
description: Tegning.
Sustainable Farm Management Practices in the Enlarged EU: A Case Study of Integrated Ecofarm in the Central Hungary Region
Creators: name: Voros, Mihaly
name: Gemma, Masahiko
name: Voros, Mihaly
name: Gemma, Masahiko
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Organic Farming
subject: Hungary
subject: EU
subject: CAP
subject: Sustainable Agriculture

description: The integration to the EU markets has resulted in significant changes in production and market activities in Hungarian agriculture. Our case study found that efforts on product differentiation through quality improvement have been critical for staying competitive in the more liberalized market conditions. Diversification of farming and non-farming activities seems to be also important for farm management coping with production and price risks associated with agricultural production and marketing activities. Organic farming in Hungary is certainly one way of achieving success in competitive markets in the EU. Lack of appropriate policy tools and shortage of new institutions to support Hungarian farms, which are in search for survival in the EU markets, obviously limit the enhancement of farming businesses in Hungary. Authors think that the Hungarian Ministry of Agriculture can do better job in informing everyone in farming businesses the available resources in the CAP framework. The delay in the payment for the tax refund is creating a serious financial problem for Hungarian agriculture. Prompt actions are required for policy decision makers in Hungary.
Product set estimates for non-commutative groups
Creators: name: Tao, Terence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11P70

description: We develop the Plünnecke-Ruzsa and Balog-Szemerédi-Gowers theory of sum set estimates in the non-commutative setting, with discrete, continuous, and metric entropy formulations of these estimates. We also develop a Freiman-type inverse theorem for a special class of 2-step nilpotent groups, namely the Heisenberg groups with no 2-torsion in their centre.
description: 38 pages, no figures. Some corrections
A Global Project for Comparative Farm Analysis: The International Farm Comparison Network IFCN
Creators: name: Deblitz, Claus
name: Hemme, Torsten
name: Isermeyer, Folkhard
name: Plessmann, Frank
name: Deblitz, Claus
name: Hemme, Torsten
name: Isermeyer, Folkhard
name: Plessmann, Frank
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Farm comparisons
subject: typical farms
subject: international competitiveness
subject: International Farm Comparison Network

description: Before IFCN was founded, existing farm-level data sets for international comparisons - if there were any - were not comparable. Differences from country to country regarding methodology applied, extent of data sets (physical and financial figures), and availability of up-to-date figures caused the incomparability. The IFCN is a world-wide association of agricultural scientists, advisors and farmers. Within the framework of this co-operation, farms and agricultural production systems are defined that are typical for their regions. Their economic situation is analysed, and the farms can be projected into the future. At present, the network, which is coordinated by the IFCN-centre in Braunschweig, Germany, operates for three branches: dairy (> 30 countries), beef and cow-calf (15 countries) and cash crop (13 countries). Funding of the network is organised via consortium fees from the partners as well as national and international supporters from agribusiness. The IFCN works on an annual schedule, organises annual conferences and annual reports for each product branch. With the existing data and information base, additional specific studies are carried out. Results comprise total cost, returns and profitability of dairy, beef and cash crop production, cost component analysis, benchmarking of single farms and farm groups, baseline projections, policy impact and farm strategy analysis as well as global sector and product information. The next steps foreseen are to extend the networks to more countries and more farms, to improve the supply reaction analysis on changing framework conditions, to intensify time series analysis of typical farms and prices, to strengthen sector and supply chain analysis, and to enter strategic partnerships with market and sector modelling projects.
Rosenstock-Huessy, Eugen, Heilkraft und Wahrheit
Creators: name: Stratenwerth
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 1 Nr. 4 (1952): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 1, Heft 4
The Research Programme "Networks in Livestock Farming" as a Means of Promoting Innovation in Agriculture
Creators: name: Van Der Kroon, Sandra M.A.
name: Zaalmink, Wim
name: Geerling-Eiff, F.A.
name: De Grip, K.
name: Hubeek, Francisca B.
name: Leeuwis, C.
name: Wielinga, H.E.
name: Van Wijk-Jansen, Elvi E.C.
name: Van Der Kroon, Sandra M.A.
name: Zaalmink, Wim
name: Geerling-Eiff, F.A.
name: De Grip, K.
name: Hubeek, Francisca B.
name: Leeuwis, C.
name: Wielinga, H.E.
name: Van Wijk-Jansen, Elvi E.C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Networks
subject: knowledge generation
subject: sustainable innovations
subject: facilitation

description: Since the privatization of the agricultural extension service in the Netherlands and the need for a more market oriented approach, the agricultural innovation system "REE" (from Research through Extension and Education to farmers), no longer seems to provide a suitable response to the complex social changes faced by the agricultural sector. The research programme "Networks in Livestock Farming" can be seen as an experiment aimed at giving a new shape to the interaction between practice, research and policy and thus increasing the self-solving ability of farmers and encouraging innovation in livestock farming in the Netherlands. In 2004, 50 networks of livestock farmers were facilitated by 35 project directors from Wageningen University and Research Center (WUR). This paper describes the experiences and results after six months of "working with net-works". The authors recommend to clearly identify the aims (with regard to content and/or process) that form the basis for the research programme. Clear choices and definitions of the aimes of the research programme must have consequences for both the nature of the networks to be supported and the nature of the support to be offered, which affects the selection criteria to be applied.
Developing Farmer Focus Groups as a Knowledge Transfer Mechanism: A Practical Experience
Creators: name: Barriball, Keith
name: Byles, Sharon
name: Biddick, Laura
name: Barriball, Keith
name: Byles, Sharon
name: Biddick, Laura
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Farmer Focus Group
subject: Demonstration Farm
subject: Benchmarking

description: The use of farmer focus groups is discussed as a mechanism for effective knowledge transfer activity, and the functionality of the focus farm contrasted with that of the demonstration farm. Key qualities of focus farmers and the essential characteristics of focus groups are summarised, as portrayed by four different stakeholder groups. Benchmarking, as a means of identifying and sharing good practice within the groups is also highlighted within the knowledge transfer mechanism.
Molecular basis of antimicrobial properties of green nanocoating effective against virus and bacteria
Creators: name: Brandi, Rossella
name: Monte, Anella
name: Campoli, Giulia
name: Cavalli, Marzia
name: Fortunato, Antonella
name: Di Spirito, Maria
name: Lipari, Martina
name: De Santis, Riccardo
name: Ciammaruconi, Andrea
name: Bortone, Manfredo
name: Arduini, Fabiana
name: Lista, Florigio
name: Fillo, Silvia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The poster presented in The Medical Biodefense Conference focused on the investigation of the molecular mechanisms of E. coli in response to different concentrations of carvacrol (Ca) by studying differentially expressed genes with RNA-seq analysis, highlighting that the findings suggest carvacrol may affect biological pathways associated with the inhibition of biofilm formation.
PAYING FOR SHELF SPACE: AN INVESTIGATION OF MERCHANDISING ALLOWANCES IN THE GROCERY INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Rennhoff, Adam D.
name: Rennhoff, Adam D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This research examines the behavior of manufacturers and retailers in the presence of merchandising allowances. Merchandising allowances are fees manufacturers pay retailers to encourage them to allocate certain in-store promotional activities to the manufacturers' brand. According to estimates, retailers collect billions of dollars in these allowance payments annually. Using a three-stage game, I formulate a vertical structural model that endogenously models manufacturer, retailer, and consumer behavior. Manufacturers compete with each other, using merchandising allowance payments, in order to obtain premium shelf space at retail outlets. Retailers, given allowance offers, choose display configurations and then set retail prices. Consumers observe the display and retail prices and determine whether to purchase one or no units of the good. I estimate the model with a method of moments technique using IRI scanner data from the ketchup industry. In addition to estimating consumer tastes parameters, the model yields predictions of the underlying wholesale prices and the merchandising allowances each manufacturer offers. I use the parameter estimates to conduct a counterfactual simulation of how agents might respond when the use of merchandising allowances is no longer permissible. I find that while merchandising allowances increase retail profits, total welfare is lower due to the allowances.
Controlling the Spontaneous Emission Rate of Single Quantum Dots in a 2D Photonic Crystal
Creators: name: Englund, Dirk
name: Fattal, David
name: Waks, Edo
name: Solomon, Glenn
name: Zhang, Bingyang
name: Nakaoka, Toshihiro
name: Arakawa, Yasuhiko
name: Yamamoto, Yoshihisa
name: Vuckovic, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe large spontaneous emission rate modification of individual InAs Quantum Dots (QDs) in 2D a photonic crystal with a modified, high-Q single defect cavity. Compared to QDs in bulk semiconductor, QDs that are resonant with the cavity show an emission rate increase by up to a factor of 8. In contrast, off-resonant QDs indicate up to five-fold rate quenching as the local density of optical states (LDOS) is diminished in the photonic crystal. In both cases we demonstrate photon antibunching, showing that the structure represents an on-demand single photon source with pulse duration from 210 ps to 8 ns. We explain the suppression of QD emission rate using Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) simulations and find good agreement with experiment.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Measuring the thermodynamic cost of timekeeping
Creators: name: Pearson, A. N.
name: Guryanova, Y.
name: Erker, P.
name: Laird, E. A.
name: Briggs, G. A. D.
name: Huber, M.
name: Ares, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: All clocks, in some form or another, use the evolution of nature towards higher entropy states to quantify the passage of time. Due to the statistical nature of the second law and corresponding entropy flows, fluctuations fundamentally limit the performance of any clock. This suggests a deep relation between the increase in entropy and the quality of clock ticks. Indeed, minimal models for autonomous clocks in the quantum realm revealed that a linear relation can be derived, where for a limited regime every bit of entropy linearly increases the accuracy of quantum clocks. But can such a linear relation persist as we move towards a more classical system? We answer this in the affirmative by presenting the first experimental investigation of this thermodynamic relation in a nanoscale clock. We stochastically drive a nanometer-thick membrane and read out its displacement with a radio-frequency cavity, allowing us to identify the ticks of a clock. We show theoretically that the maximum possible accuracy for this classical clock is proportional to the entropy created per tick, similar to the known limit for a weakly coupled quantum clock but with a different proportionality constant. We measure both the accuracy and the entropy. Once non-thermal noise is accounted for, we find that there is a linear relation between accuracy and entropy and that the clock operates within an order of magnitude of the theoretical bound.
Knowledge Representation for Algorithmic Auditing to Detangle Systemic Bias
Creators: name: Maio, Paola Di
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80607 Information Engineering and Theory
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Information Systems
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing

description: Knowledge is central to cognition, and adequate knowledge representation is necessary to ensure the correct functioning of Intelligent systems leveraging knowledge. Knowledge Auditing methodologies in use, however do not typically address the requirements for evaluating the consistency of logical and functional knowledge representation constructs, as used in AI, that support the correct execution of system processes. This paper puts forward the notion that algorithmic bias results from thelack of adequate knowledge representation mechanisms, and is part of systemic bias. The notion of systemic bias is identified,characterized, and described as an emergent relation resulting from the combination of other factors between knowledgerepresentation (KR) and bias in AI. These factors are here named conceptualised, related to each other and visualised. Theresulting artefacts are then incorporated in the KAF (Knowledge Audit Framework) methodology (first published in
COREQ-32 item checklist
Creators: name: Prinu Jose
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative studies (COREQ): 32-item checklist for the study entitled "Patient, caregiver and health care provider perspectives on barriers and facilitators to heart failure care in Kerala: A qualitative study".
Quantum Phase Gate Operation Based on Nonlinear Optics: Full Quantum Analysis
Creators: name: Ottaviani, C.
name: Rebic, S.
name: Vitali, D.
name: Tombesi, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a full quantum treatment of a five-level atomic system coupled to two quantum and two classical light fields. The two quantum fields undergo a cross-phase modulation induced by electro-magnetically induced transparency. The performance of this configuration as a two-qubit quantum phase gate for travelling single-photons is examined. A trade-off between the size of the conditional phase shift and the fidelity of the gate is found. Nonetheless, a satisfactory gate performance is still found to be possible in the transient regime, corresponding to a fast gate operation.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Market Structure, Price Pass-Through and Welfare with Differentiated Products
Creators: name: Kim, Donghun
name: Kim, Donghun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Market Structure
subject: Price Pass-Through
subject: Consumer Welfare
subject: Mixed Logit

description: There is considerable literature on price pass-through modeling. This literature has focused on pass-through of cost shocks for homogenous products. To get results with the homogenous products case, empirical implementation has required the maintained hypothesis of competition, or agreement, in quantity modeling. A major contribution of this paper is modeling pass-through for a differentiated products market under the maintained hypothesis of price competition or price agreement. We estimate a mixed logit model for U.S processed cheese market using unbalanced panel data and implement a price pass through simulation and related consumer welfare analysis under different regimes of competition.
Air Quality Control through Bike Sharing Fleets
Creators: name: Voinea, Stefan Ciprian
name: Bujari, Armir
name: Palazzi, Claudio Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Air quality and the presence of tiny particular matter are crucial factors in human health, especially when considering urban scenarios. In this context, smart mobility coupled with low-cost sensors can create a distributed and sustainable platform for social sensing able to provide pervasive data to citizens and public administrations. Sustainable and eco-aware decisions can then be supported by empirical evidence, resulting in an improved life and city administration. In this paper, we present ArduECO, a simple Arduino-based wireless device able of collecting air quality data. Without loss of generality, we have designed our device as a box that can be installed on a bike; in this way, beyond private bikes, municipalities could exploit their bike sharing fleets as pervasive sensing systems.
Supplemental materials
Creators: name: Shanshan Xue
name: YuZheng Zhang
name: Wenjing Qiao
name: Shen, Xue
name: Qianqian Zhao
name: Dingjie Guo
name: Binbin Li
name: Lijie Feng
name: Fengying Huang
name: Wang, Na
name: Oumer, Kemal Sherefa
name: Tesfaye Getachew Charkos
name: Shuman Yang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Context: Bone mineral density (BMD) T-score reference may be updated when the peak BMD of the population is unclear and may need to be updated. Objective: To update BMD T-score references using the peak BMD from the most recent National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: The NHANES 2005-2014. Participants: Non-Hispanic white females between the ages 10-40 years (N=1549) were our target population to estimate peak BMD (SD). Individuals aged≥50 years (N=5523) were used to compare the percentages of osteoporosis and low bone mass based on existing and updated BMD T-score references. Main Outcome Measurements: BMD data within the age at attainment of peak BMD±5 years were used to calculate updated BMD T-score references. Results: The updated average of BMD (SD) for diagnosing osteoporosis at the femoral neck and lumbar spine were 0.888 g/cm2 (0.121 g/cm2) and 1.065 g/cm2 (0.122 g/cm2), respectively. The percentages of individuals with osteoporosis at the femoral neck and low bone mass at the femoral neck and lumbar spine based on the updated BMD T-score references were higher than the percentages of people designated with these outcomes under the existing guidelines (P<0.001). However, we observed the opposite pattern for lumbar spine osteoporosis (P<0.001). Conclusions: We calculated new BMD T-score references at the femoral neck and lumbar spine. We found significant differences in the percentages of individuals classified as having osteoporosis and low bone mass between the updated and existing BMD T-score references.
Planning’s links to active living for older adults
Creators: name: Atva, Tina Desiree
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Planners do not seem to recognize the significance o f their role in facilitating active living for older adults. Active living is a way o f life that values and integrates physical activity into daily life. Most Canadians, and particularly older adults, are not active enough to obtain health benefits. With the number and proportion of older adults set to increase significantly in Canada over the coming decades, there is an urgent need for planners to help eliminate barriers to active living. This project uses qualitative research methods to explore planning's links to active living for older adults. Through interviews and a literature review, four broad areas o f current planning action are identified. These areas are: 1) research, policies and plans, 2) housing and neighbourhoods, 3) walking and cycling and 4) streets and plazas. Planners should create more active living opportunities in these areas as well as through inclusive processes and building design. The problems associated with sedentary lifestyles may be addressed by such efforts and by strengthening partnerships within the active living community. Additional research and evaluation of planning endeavours are also necessary. Planners concerned about healthy and sustainable communities must embrace their role in increasing the activity levels of older Canadians.
Strategic Pricing in a Differentiated Product Oligopoly Model: Fluid Milk in Boston
Creators: name: Canan, Basak
name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
name: Canan, Basak
name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: oligopoly
subject: price conjectural variations
subject: brand level demand elasticities
subject: focal point collusion

description: In an imperfectly competitive industry, differentiated products compete with each other with price rather than quantity as the strategic variable. Several previous studies have employed a generalized Nash Bertrand model: Liang (1989), Cotterill (1994), Cotterill, Putsis and Dhar (2000), and Kinoshita, Suzuki, Kawamura, Watanabe and Kaiser (2001); however, only Liang has explored the theoretical foundations of that model. This paper generalizes the Liang two good model to three goods. A surprising and important result follows. Price conjectural variations do not exist in models with 3 or more goods. Price reaction functions, however, exist in multiple good models. We estimate them jointly with a brand level demand system to evaluate the total impact of a brand manager's price change on own quantity. In a differentiated product market this is a useful addition to a partial demand elasticity approach because a change in one brand's price typically engenders a price reaction by other brands which affects own quantity via substantial cross price elasticities among substitutes. Strategic pricing in the Boston fluid milk market was also influenced by the existence of a raw milk price support program, the Northeast Dairy Compact. We find that the advent of the Compact was a focal point event that crystallized a shift away from Nash Bertrand to more cooperative pricing. If the downstream market is not competitive one needs to consider strategic price reactions when designing and evaluating agricultural price programs. Key Words: oligopoly, price conjectural variations, brand level demand elasticities, focal point collusion
Viscosities of Hot Gluon -- A Lattice QCD Study --
Creators: name: Nakamura, A.
name: Sakai, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present transport coefficients (shear viscosity, $η$, and bulk viscosity, $ζ$) for the gluon system obtained by the lattice QCD. This is an indispensable calculation towards the understanding of ``New State of Matter'' observed in RHIC. We study the temperature regions of RHIC ($1.4 \leq T/T_c \leq 1.8$) and much higher ones up to $ T/T_c \sim 20$. In RHIC regions, the ratio of shear viscosity to entropy density, $η/s$, is around $\sim 0.1-0.4$, and satisfies the KSS bound. At high temperature, $η$ becomes two or three oder of magnitude larger. Our calculation has two limitations: (i) the use of the quench approximation, i.e., without quark pair creation-annihilation effects on vacuum, and (ii) the use of an ansatz for the spectral function. The first point has been well studied in calculations of the spectroscopy and the phase-transition behavior. To investigate the second point, we compare our results with perturbative calculations in high $T$-regions, and also check the effects of the modification of the spectral function on the viscosity.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, contribution to Proceedings of Quark Matter 2005, Budapest, Aug 4-9
Biophysically-inspired single-channel speech enhancement in the time domain
Creators: name: Wen, Chuan
name: Verhulst, Sarah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Deep neural networks (DNN) based speech enhancement approaches have recently achieved great performance. There are a numerous applications that benefit from the speech enhancement model, including automatic speech recognition (ASR) and hearing aids. The majority of these previous methods were developed in the time-frequency (T-F) domain. However, the T-F domain approach has some limitations, including a high minimum delay in reconstructing the signal from T-F domain representation, poor generalizability in unseen noise, and bad performance for negative signal-to-noise ratio’s (SNRs). To address these problems, we propose a biophysically inspired end-to-end time-domain neural network, which adopts bio-inspired features from CoNNear, a neural network that accurately simulates biophysical properties of the human auditory system such as sharp and, level-dependent filter tuning.

We first generated biophysical speech feature using CoNNear were subsequently fed into the U-Net-based speech enhancement module. The latter module consisted of generator network without the discriminator from SERGAN (Baby and Verhulst, 2019) and the training dataset we use was INTERSPEECH 2021 DNS Challenge dataset. An objective evaluation was performed using perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ), segmental SNR (segSNR), cepstral distance (CD) and log-likelihood ratio (LLR) with unseen samples from DNS challenge, which is different from training noise scenarios.

Results of objective evaluation reveal that bio-inspired features show comparable performance with T-F features at positive SNRs, with improved generalizability in negative SNR and for mismatched noises. Additionally, our time-domain CoNNear features dramatically decreased the minimum latency of the whole system towards 4ms, making it suitable for real-time applications with high constraints on signal delay. The good generalizability in adverse noise conditions and unseen noise, as well as the low latency of our DNN-based model ensure the promising applicability in hearing aids.
A systematic review and taxonomy of explanations in decision support and recommender systems
Creators: name: Nunes, Ingrid
name: Jannach, Dietmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the recent advances in the field of artificial intelligence, an increasing number of decision-making tasks are delegated to software systems. A key requirement for the success and adoption of such systems is that users must trust system choices or even fully automated decisions. To achieve this, explanation facilities have been widely investigated as a means of establishing trust in these systems since the early years of expert systems. With today's increasingly sophisticated machine learning algorithms, new challenges in the context of explanations, accountability, and trust towards such systems constantly arise. In this work, we systematically review the literature on explanations in advice-giving systems. This is a family of systems that includes recommender systems, which is one of the most successful classes of advice-giving software in practice. We investigate the purposes of explanations as well as how they are generated, presented to users, and evaluated. As a result, we derive a novel comprehensive taxonomy of aspects to be considered when designing explanation facilities for current and future decision support systems. The taxonomy includes a variety of different facets, such as explanation objective, responsiveness, content and presentation. Moreover, we identified several challenges that remain unaddressed so far, for example related to fine-grained issues associated with the presentation of explanations and how explanation facilities are evaluated.
Optical Blocking Performance of CCDs Developed for the X-ray Astronomy Satellite XRISM
Creators: name: Uchida, Hiroyuki
name: Tanaka, Takaaki
name: Amano, Yuki
name: Okon, Hiromichi
name: Tsuru, Takeshi G.
name: Noda, Hirofumi
name: Hayashida, Kiyoshi
name: Matsumoto, Hironori
name: Hanaoka, Maho
name: Yoneyama, Tomokage
name: Okazaki, Koki
name: Asakura, Kazunori
name: Sakuma, Shotaro
name: Hattori, Kengo
name: Ishikura, Ayami
name: Nakajima, Hiroshi
name: Saito, Mariko
name: Nobukawa, Kumiko K.
name: Tomida, Hiroshi
name: Kanemaru, Yoshiaki
name: Sato, Jin
name: Takaki, Toshiyuki
name: Terada, Yuta
name: Mori, Koji
name: Kashimura, Hikari
name: Kohmura, Takayoshi
name: Hagino, Kouichi
name: Murakami, Hiroshi
name: Kobayashi, Shogo B.
name: Nishioka, Yusuke
name: Yamauchi, Makoto
name: Hatsukade, Isamu
name: Sako, Takashi
name: Nobukawa, Masayoshi
name: Urabe, Yukino
name: Hiraga, Junko S.
name: Uchiyama, Hideki
name: Yamaoka, Kazutaka
name: Ozaki, Masanobu
name: Dotani, Tadayasu
name: Tsunemi, Hiroshi
name: Suzuki, Hisanori
name: Takagi, Shin-ichiro
name: Sugimoto, Kenichi
name: Atsumi, Sho
name: Tanaka, Fumiya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have been developing P-channel Charge-Coupled Devices (CCDs) for the upcoming X-ray Astronomy Satellite XRISM, planned to be launched in 2021. While the basic design of the CCD camera (Soft X-ray Imager: SXI) is almost the same as that of the lost Hitomi (ASTRO-H) observatory, we are planning to reduce the "light leakages" that is one of the largest problems recognized in Hitomi data. We adopted a double-layer optical blocking layer on the XRISM CCDs and also added an extra aluminum layer on the backside of them. We develop a newly designed test sample CCD and irradiate it with optical light to evaluate the optical blocking performance. As a result, light leakages are effectively reduced compared with that of the Hitomi CCDs. We thus conclude that the issue is solved by the new design and that the XRISM CCDs satisfy the mission requirement for the SXI.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in NIMA, proceedings of the 12th International "Hiroshima" Symposium on the Development and Application of Semiconductor Tracking Detector (HSTD12)
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ОЦЕНКА УРОВНЯ СРБ ПРИ СИНДРОМЕ ДИАБЕТИЧЕСКОЙ СТОПЫ
Creators: name: Дмитрий Адамович
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110323 Surgery
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: изучить изменение СРБ у пациентов с степенью гнойно-некротического поведения при синдроме диабетической стопы в зависимости от уровня поведения по Вагнеру .
Coherent imaging with pseudo-thermal incoherent light
Creators: name: Gatti, A.
name: Bache, M.
name: Magatti, D.
name: Brambilla, E.
name: Ferri, F.
name: Lugiato, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate experimentally fundamental properties of coherent ghost imaging using spatially incoherent beams generated from a pseudo-thermal source. A complementarity between the coherence of the beams and the correlation between them is demonstrated by showing a complementarity between ghost diffraction and ordinary diffraction patterns. In order for the ghost imaging scheme to work it is therefore crucial to have incoherent beams. The visibility of the information is shown for the ghost image to become better as the object size relative to the speckle size is decreased, and therefore a remarkable tradeoff between resolution and visibility exists. The experimental conclusions are backed up by both theory and numerical simulations.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures, to appear in J. Mod. Opt
Incorporating Flexible Demand Systems in Empirical Models of Market Power
Creators: name: Peterson, Everett B.
name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
name: Peterson, Everett B.
name: Cotterill, Ronald W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: Measuring the degree of price coordination between firms in a differentiated products industry is particularly challenging because it is necessary to utilize a demand system that is sufficiently flexible, allows the imposition of theoretical restrictions, and allow for the derivation of the functional form of the corresponding price reaction functions. Previous research has relied on restrictive demand systems in order to maintain the tractability of the price reaction functions. The purpose of this paper is determine whether using more flexible demand systems can yield a set of first-order profit maximization conditions that are mathematically tractable and amendable to estimation. The demand systems considered are the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS), the Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand System (LAIDS), and the Rotterdam demand system. This paper also expands prior work on estimating brand level demand elasticities by endogenizing category level expenditures in the context of a weakly separable demand system. This yields some new and interesting insights for the measurement of market power in differentiated product industries. We show that while it is not possible to derive explicit price reaction functions for any of these demand systems, given certain assumptions, the Rotterdam demand system does yield an explicit set of profit maximization first-order conditions that can be estimated.
Market Power and/or Efficiency: An Application to U.S. Food Processing
Creators: name: Lopez, Rigoberto A.
name: Azzam, Azzeddine M.
name: Liron-Espana, Carmen
name: Lopez, Rigoberto A.
name: Azzam, Azzeddine M.
name: Liron-Espana, Carmen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: industrial concentration
subject: economies of scale
subject: industrial organization
subject: oligopoly power
subject: food processing

description: This article separates oligopoly-power and cost-efficiency effects of changes in industrial concentration and assesses their impact on output prices in 32 food-processing industries. Empirical results indicate that although concentration induces cost efficiency in one-third of the industries, oligopoly-power effects either dominate cost efficiency or reinforce inefficiency, resulting in higher output prices in most industries. The article also provides fresh econometric estimates of oligopoly power and economies of size for the industries in question.
Singularities and Phenomenological aspects of Asymptotic Safe Gravity
Creators: name: Zarikas, Vasilios
name: Kofinas, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asymptotic Safety (AS) Program for quantum gravity keeps the same fields and symmetries with General Relativity and studies the associated gravitational action as a fundamental part of the complete theory at the nonperturbative level with the help of functional renormalization group (RG) techniques. An important phenomenological task that can test the new point of view of AS approach is the discovery of RG improved cosmologies and black holes. In this work, we analyze the properties of recently found non-singular spherically symmetric and non-singular cosmological solutions. Furthermore, we derive a novel consistent set of modified Einstein field equations, in the spirit of AS, which respects the Bianchi identities. This new set of equations extend previously published modified Einstein equations which arise by adding appropriate covariant kinetic terms to the action.
A Framework for Threats Analysis Using Software-Defined Networking
Creators: name: Moldovan, Francisc
name: Oprisa, Ciprian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The ability to analyze network threats is very important in security research. Traditional approaches, involving sandboxing technology are limited to simulating a single host, missing local network attacks. This issue is addressed by designing a threat analysis framework that uses software-defined networking for simulating arbitrary networks. The presented system offers flexibility, allowing a security researcher to define a virtual network that is able to capture malicious actions and to be restored to the initial state afterwards. Both the framework design and common usage scenarios are described. By providing this framework, we aim to ease the analysis effort in combating cyberthreats.
ERKAKLAR VERBAL MULOQOTIDA BUYRUQ GAPLAR VA ULARNING AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: TO'LANBOYEVA, GULSANAM
name: YUSUPOVA, SABOHATXON
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada erkaklar verbal muloqotining ayrim sintaktik aspektlari, xususan muloqotda buyruqlar gaplardan foydalanishi tahlil etiladi. Buyruq gaplar tahlili va buyruq gaplarga xos bo‘lgan so‘z va iboralar haqida so‘z yuritiladi.
Additional file 1 of A qualitative study exploring the barriers and facilitators of implementing a cardiovascular disease risk reducing intervention for people with severe mental illness into primary care contexts across England: the ‘PRIMROSE’ trial
Creators: name: Hassan, Suzan
name: Heinkel, Samira
name: Burton, Alexandra
name: Blackburn, Ruth
name: Tayla McCloud
name: Ross, Jamie
name: Osborn, David
name: Walters, Kate
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Faraday Rotation Measure Synthesis
Creators: name: Brentjens, M. A.
name: de Bruyn, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the rotation measure work of Burn (1966) to the cases of limited sampling of lambda squared space and non-constant emission spectra. We introduce the rotation measure transfer function (RMTF), which is an excellent predictor of n-pi ambiguity problems with the lambda squared coverage. Rotation measure synthesis can be implemented very efficiently on modern computers. Because the analysis is easily applied to wide fields, one can conduct very fast RM surveys of weak spatially extended sources. Difficult situations, for example multiple sources along the line of sight, are easily detected and transparently handled. Under certain conditions, it is even possible to recover the emission as a function of Faraday depth within a single cloud of ionized gas. Rotation measure synthesis has already been successful in discovering widespread, weak, polarized emission associated with the Perseus cluster (De Bruyn and Brentjens, 2005). In simple, high signal to noise situations it is as good as traditional linear fits to polarization angle versus lambda squared plots. However, when the situation is more complex or very weak polarized emission at high rotation measures is expected, it is the only viable option.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures, accepted by A&A, added references, corrected typos