cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Διαχείριση έργων ψηφιακού μετασχηματισμού στον τραπεζικό κλάδο: η διοίκηση της αλλαγής
Creators: name: Κολυβά, Σπυριδούλα-Μαρίνα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ψηφιακός μετασχηματισμός
subject: Διοίκηση αλλαγών
subject: Διαχείριση έργων
subject: Τραπεζικός κλάδος

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να παρουσιάσει πως η εξέλιξη της τεχνολογίας οδηγεί τα παραδοσιακά τραπεζικά ιδρύματα στον ψηφιακό μετασχηματισμό και πως αυτά διαχειρίζονται την εν λόγω μετάβαση. Στο πλαίσιο αυτό, αναφέρονται οι βασικές τεχνολογίες και καινοτομίες για το τραπεζικό οικοσύστημα, καθώς και ο τρόπος που διαταράσσουν τις καθιερωμένες δυνάμεις του ανταγωνισμού στον τραπεζικό κλάδο, μεταβάλλουν το ρυθμιστικό και θεσμικό πλαίσιο, και συντελούν στην πρόοδο της ψηφιακής τραπεζικής. Με αυτόν τον τρόπο σκιαγραφείται η ανάγκη ψηφιακού μετασχηματισμού των παραδοσιακών τραπεζών για την επιβίωσή τους. Στη συνέχεια, βάσει της διεθνούς βιβλιογραφίας, μελετάται ο ψηφιακός μετασχηματισμός και η διαχείρισή του, μέσα από διάφορες προσεγγίσεις, όπως αυτή της Διοίκησης έργων και της Διοίκησης αλλαγών. Τέλος, βάσει της προηγούμενης βιβλιογραφικής ανασκόπησης, γίνεται προσπάθεια να αποτυπωθούν οι ενέργειες στις οποίες θα πρέπει να εστιάζει μια παραδοσιακή τράπεζα για τη διαχείριση του ψηφιακού μετασχηματισμού ολιστικά και αποτελεσματικά. Συνοπτικά, τα αποτελέσματα της παρούσας εργασίας έδειξαν πως ο συνδυασμός τεχνολογιών δημιουργεί τεράστιες δυνατότητες για την ανάπτυξη καινοτόμων λύσεων, υπηρεσιών αλλά και επιχειρηματικών μοντέλων στον τραπεζικό κλάδο. Ως συνέπεια, ο τραπεζικός κλάδος διαταράσσεται από την εισαγωγή νέων διαφοροποιημένων παικτών, τα ρυθμιστικά πλαίσια αναδιαμορφώνονται προκειμένου να διασφαλίζονται οι πελάτες και τα δεδομένα τους , όμως παράλληλα να διευκολύνεται η ανάπτυξη του τραπεζικού τομέα μέσω της καινοτομίας, και ο ψηφιακός μετασχηματισμός των παραδοσιακών τραπεζών είναι πλέον επιτακτική ανάγκη. Κρίνεται λοιπόν πως η ανταπόκριση των τραπεζών θα πρέπει να πραγματοποιείται με παράλληλη εστίαση του μετασχηματισμού στην εμπειρία του πελάτη, τις διαδικασίες και το επιχειρηματικό μοντέλο. Ενώ, οι δράσεις και τα έργα ψηφιακού μετασχηματισμού θα πρέπει να πραγματοποιούνται με ευέλικτη προσέγγιση λόγω των ραγδαίων ρυθμών αλλαγής και της αυξημένης πολυπλοκότητας. Τέλος δεν θα πρέπει να υποτιμάται ο ρόλος του ανθρώπινου δυναμικού της τράπεζας, εργαζομένων και ηγετικών στελεχών, για την ολοκλήρωση, υιοθέτηση και αποτελεσματικότητα των αλλαγών και έτσι θα πρέπει να πραγματοποιούνται οι ανάλογες ενέργειες διαχείρισης.
LEARNING GRAMMAR IN TEACHING FRENCH.
Creators: name: Pulatova, Nigina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The article examines the place and significance of the grammatical aspect in teaching French to linguistic students from the point of view of traditional, communicative and functional approaches. Complexity is emphasized and the versatility of grammatical skills, among which are receptive (active and passive), as well as linguistic and speech grammatical skills, stipulating the need for an integrated approach in the formation of grammatical competence of future translators, which takes place in three stages.
Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Point-Spread Function Modeling
Creators: name: Jarvis, M.
name: Bernstein, G. M.
name: Amon, A.
name: Davis, C.
name: Léget, P. F.
name: Bechtol, K.
name: Harrison, I.
name: Gatti, M.
name: Roodman, A.
name: Chang, C.
name: Chen, R.
name: Choi, A.
name: Desai, S.
name: Drlica-Wagner, A.
name: Gruen, D.
name: Gruendl, R. A.
name: Hernandez, A.
name: MacCrann, N.
name: Meyers, J.
name: Navarro-Alsina, A.
name: Pandey, S.
name: Plazas, A. A.
name: Secco, L. F.
name: Sheldon, E.
name: Troxel, M. A.
name: Vorperian, S.
name: Wei, K.
name: Zuntz, J.
name: Abbott, T. M. C.
name: Aguena, M.
name: Allam, S.
name: Avila, S.
name: Bhargava, S.
name: Bridle, S. L.
name: Brooks, D.
name: Rosell, A. Carnero
name: Kind, M. Carrasco
name: Carretero, J.
name: Costanzi, M.
name: da Costa, L. N.
name: De Vicente, J.
name: Diehl, H. T.
name: Doel, P.
name: Everett, S.
name: Flaugher, B.
name: Fosalba, P.
name: Frieman, J.
name: García-Bellido, J.
name: Gaztanaga, E.
name: Gerdes, D. W.
name: Gutierrez, G.
name: Hinton, S. R.
name: Hollowood, D. L.
name: Honscheid, K.
name: James, D. J.
name: Kent, S.
name: Kuehn, K.
name: Kuropatkin, N.
name: Lahav, O.
name: Maia, M. A. G.
name: March, M.
name: Marshall, J. L.
name: Melchior, P.
name: Menanteau, F.
name: Miquel, R.
name: Ogando, R. L. C.
name: Paz-Chinchón, F.
name: Rykoff, E. S.
name: Sanchez, E.
name: Scarpine, V.
name: Schubnell, M.
name: Serrano, S.
name: Sevilla-Noarbe, I.
name: Smith, M.
name: Suchyta, E.
name: Swanson, M. E. C.
name: Tarle, G.
name: Varga, T. N.
name: Walker, A. R.
name: Wester, W.
name: Wilkinson, R. D.
name: Collaboration, DES
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new software package for modeling the point-spread function (PSF) of astronomical images, called Piff (PSFs In the Full FOV), which we apply to the first three years (known as Y3) of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) data. We describe the relevant details about the algorithms used by Piff to model the PSF, including how the PSF model varies across the field of view (FOV). Diagnostic results show that the systematic errors from the PSF modeling are very small over the range of scales that are important for the DES Y3 weak lensing analysis. In particular, the systematic errors from the PSF modeling are significantly smaller than the corresponding results from the DES year one (Y1) analysis. We also briefly describe some planned improvements to Piff that we expect to further reduce the modeling errors in future analyses.
description: 19 pages, accepted/published by MNRAS. See https://www.darkenergysurvey.org/des-year-3-cosmology-results-papers/ for the full DES Y3 cosmology release
The Cluster Soft Excess: new faces of an old enigma
Creators: name: Lieu, Richard
name: Mittaz, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Until the advent of XMM-Newton, the cluster soft excess (CSE) was the subject of some controversy due to both data analysis issues and uncertainties with the soft excess emission mechanism. XMM-Newton observations have finally laid to rest any doubts as to the existence of the CSE and have also given tantalising clues as to the nature of its emission mechanism. Here we report on the analysis of XMM-Newton observations of a number of CSE clusters in an attempt to improve the analysis and understanding of the CSE. Included as part of the study is an analysis of the effects of background subtraction, which calls to question the integrity of the claimed O VII line discovery, though not the soft excess itself. We also give details of both thermal and non-thermal fits to the CSE cluster Abell 3112.
description: Paper presented at the Plenary session of the International Dark Matter Meeting, Edinburgh, Sept. 2004 (to appear in the Proceedings)
title: Μέθοδοι τιμολόγησης προϊόντων γενικών ασφαλίσεων με βάση την Ευρωπαϊκή Οδηγία Φερεγγυτότητα ΙΙ
title: Methods of ratemaking for non-life insurance based on Solvency II
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Χατζηνώτας, Ορέστης
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Μέθοδοι τιμολόγησης
subject: Solvency II
subject: Γενικές ασφαλίσεις
subject: Μέθοδοι τιμολόγησης γενικών ασφαλίσεων
subject: Τιμολόγηση ασφαλίστρου
subject: GLM
subject: GLMM
subject: Κλάδος γενικών ασφαλίσεων
subject: Τιμολόγηση
subject: Εκτίμηση ασφαλίστρου
subject: Φερεγγυότητα II

description: Η τιμολόγηση ενός ασφαλίστρου ζημιών διαφέρει αισθητά από την τιμολόγηση ενός προϊόντος ή μίας υπηρεσίας. Είναι μία περίπλοκη διαδικασία, καθώς λαμβάνει υπόψιν περισσότερες παραμέτρους αλλά και μελλοντικά κόστη τα οποία πρέπει να εκτιμηθούν στο σήμερα. Επιπλέον το γεγονός ότι κάθε είδους ασφάλιση καλείται να διαχειριστεί διαφορετικό είδος κινδύνου, με ανομοιογενείς ομάδες ασφαλισμένων, κάνει το έργο της τιμολόγησης ακόμη πιο δύσκολο. Στην παρούσα εργασία γίνεται μια εκτενής αναφορά στις θεμελιώδεις έννοιες της ασφάλισης και πιο συγκεκριμένα του κλάδου της ασφάλισης ζημιών, που στοχεύουν στην εξοικείωση του αναγνώστη με την διαδικασία της τιμολόγησης. Έπειτα, παρουσιάζεται συνοπτικά η λειτουργία του κανονιστικού πλαισίου Solvency II και οι προϋποθέσεις που θέτει στους ασφαλιστικούς οργανισμούς αναφορικά με την διατήρηση ενός κεφαλαίου ασφαλείας, το οποίο εγγυάται την φερεγγυότητα του οργανισμού απέναντι στις υποχρεώσεις και τους πελάτες της και ελαχιστοποιεί τον κίνδυνο της χρεοκοπίας. Επιπλέον, παρουσιάζεται η διαδικασία τιμολόγησης ενός ασφαλίστρου με τον συνυπολογισμό των εξόδων, του κόστους και του στόχου-κέρδους που συνδέονται με το κάθε ασφάλιστρο. Παρόλο που η ασφάλιση κατά ζημιών μπορεί να περιλαμβάνει διαφορετικά είδη ασφάλισης, όπως ασφάλιση κατά πυρός, ασφάλεια αυτοκινήτου, κλοπής κ.λπ., τα παραδείγματα και η προσομοίωση που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν, εστιάζουν στην ασφάλιση αυτοκινήτων με κοινή μονάδα έκθεσης στον κίνδυνο (αυτοκίνητο-έτος), ώστε να υπάρχει μια ομοιογένεια αλλά και με σκοπό να γίνουν πιο κατανοητές στον αναγνώστη οι έννοιες που χρησιμοποιούνται καθώς και η σύγκριση μεταξύ των διαφορετικών γραμμικών μοντέλων και κατανομών που εφαρμόζονται. Η προσομοίωση εστιάζει στην εκτίμηση του καθαρού ασφαλίστρου (pure premium). Στην εφαρμογή της προσομοίωσης των γραμμικών μοντέλων μέσω του στατιστικού πακέτου της R, γίνεται προσπάθεια όχι μόνο για την εκτίμηση του καθαρού ασφαλίστρου, αλλά κυρίως για την αξιολόγηση της αξιοπιστίας του εκάστοτε μοντέλου που χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την εκτίμηση αυτού. Η αξιολόγηση αυτή επιτυγχάνεται μέσω χρήσης τριών διαφορετικών μέτρων, αρχικά χωρίς χρήση τυχαίων επιδράσεων, έπειτα με την προσθήκη μία σταθεράς τυχαίας επίδρασης και τέλος με την προσθήκης μίας επιπλέον τυχαίας μεταβλητής επίδρασης. Ο στόχος της αξιολόγησης είναι να δούμε αν και κατά πόσο συμφωνούν τα μέτρα εκτίμησης με το μοντέλο των κατανομών πλήθους και μεγέθους ζημιών που όντως προσομοιώθηκε. Αυτό οδηγεί σε μία πιο ολοκληρωμένη εικόνα για το κάθε μοντέλο και τον βαθμό αξιοπιστίας του.
Comparative experimental study on two designed intravenous anaesthetic combinations in dogs
Creators: name: Abdel-Hady, Abdelnaser A.A.
name: Abdelbasset, Khaled M.
name: Soliman, Ahmed S.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: propofol
subject: diazepam
subject: xylazine
subject: anaesthesia
subject: dogs
subject: 610

description: The goal of the present study is to design a good anaesthetic program for dogs which can lead to optimal anaesthesia with no or minimal post-operative adverse effects. For this purpose, we designed two naesthetic combinations and compared their effects in Mongrel dogs: combination ‘A’ consisting of atropine, xylazine, ketamine plus propofol, and combination ‘B’ consisting of atropine, diazepam, ketamine plus propofol. The onset and duration of anaesthesia induction, the duration of maintenance as well as the period of recovery were recorded and compared for both combinations. Furthermore, heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature as well as blood picture were analyzed before and after administration of the proposed anaesthetic regimens. Administration of combination ‘A’ lead to rapid onset, within seconds, and induction of anaesthesia. The anaesthetic effect was maintained for approximately 29 minutes after injection of propofol. This was followed by very smooth recovery within approximately 68 minutes after induction of anaesthesia. In contrast, a less efficient induction and maintenance of anaesthesia as well as individual variability was observed after administration of combination ‘B’. Approximately 14 minutes were needed for anaesthesia induction, which was maintained for 23 minutes after injection of propofol. Furthermore, administration of combination ‘B’ was associated with alterations in heart rate, body temperature and hematological picture. In conclusion, our results revealed that combined administration of atropine, xylazine, ketamine plus propofol (combination ‘A’) is considered satisfactory for anaesthesia in dogs with minimal postoperative side effects.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
Anti-aging activities of extracts from Tunisian medicinal halophytes and their aromatic constituents
Creators: name: Jdey, A.
name: Falleh, H.
name: Ben Jannet, S.
name: Mkadmini Hammi, K.
name: Dauvergne, X.
name: Magné, C.
name: Ksouri, R.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: anti-aging
subject: aromatic composition
subject: biological activities
subject: ethnobotany
subject: medicinal halophytes
subject: 610

description: Six medicinal halophytes widely represented in North Africa and commonly used in traditional medicine were screened for pharmacological properties to set out new promising sources of natural ingredients for cosmetic or nutraceutical applications. Thus, Citrullus colocynthis, Cleome arabica, Daemia cordata, Haloxylon articulatum, Pituranthos scoparius and Scorzonera undulata were examined for their in vitro antioxidant (DPPH scavenging and superoxide anion-scavenging, β-carotene bleaching inhibition and iron-reducing tests), antibacterial (microdi- lution method, against four human pathogenic bacteria) and anti-tyrosinase activities. Besides, their aromatic com- position was determined by RP-HPLC. H. articulatum shoot extracts exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity and inhibited efficiently the growth of Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli. P. scoparius and C. arabica inhibited slightly monophenolase, whereas H. articulatum was the most efficient inhibitor of diphenolase activity. Furthermore, H. articulatum exhibited the highest aromatic content (3.4 % DW), with dopamine as the major com- pound. These observations suggest that shoot extract of H. articulatum, and to a lesser extent of C. arabica, could otic as well as new natural skin lightening agents. Also, possible implication of aromatic compounds in anti-tyrosinase activity is discussed.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
Deep4Air: A Novel Deep Learning Framework for Airport Airside Surveillance
Creators: name: Thai, Phat
name: Alam, Sameer
name: Lilith, Nimrod
name: Tran, Phu N.
name: Thanh, Binh Nguyen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An airport runway and taxiway (airside) area is a highly dynamic and complex environment featuring interactions between different types of vehicles (speed and dimension), under varying visibility and traffic conditions. Airport ground movements are deemed safety-critical activities, and safe-separation procedures must be maintained by Air Traffic Controllers (ATCs). Large airports with complicated runway-taxiway systems use advanced ground surveillance systems. However, these systems have inherent limitations and a lack of real-time analytics. In this paper, we propose a novel computer-vision based framework, namely "Deep4Air", which can not only augment the ground surveillance systems via the automated visual monitoring of runways and taxiways for aircraft location, but also provide real-time speed and distance analytics for aircraft on runways and taxiways. The proposed framework includes an adaptive deep neural network for efficiently detecting and tracking aircraft. The experimental results show an average precision of detection and tracking of up to 99.8% on simulated data with validations on surveillance videos from the digital tower at George Bush Intercontinental Airport. The results also demonstrate that "Deep4Air" can locate aircraft positions relative to the airport runway and taxiway infrastructure with high accuracy. Furthermore, aircraft speed and separation distance are monitored in real-time, providing enhanced safety management.
Z-bursts from the Virgo cluster
Creators: name: Ringwald, Andreas
name: Weiler, Thomas J.
name: Wong, Yvonne Y. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonant annihilation of ultra-high energy cosmic neutrinos (UHECnu) on the cosmic neutrino background (CnuB) into Z bosons--the Z-burst mechanism--and its associated absorption and emission phenomenology provide a unique, albeit indirect, probe of the CnuB in its present state. In this paper, we examine the implications of gravitational clustering of the CnuB in nearby galaxy clusters for the Z-burst phenomenology. In particular, we study the emission features of the Z-decay products originating from the Virgo cluster, and the potential of future cosmic ray experiments to observe clustering-enhanced Z-burst rates. We find that a detector with an exposure equivalent to three years of observations at the Extreme Universe Space Observatory (EUSO) will very likely measure these enhanced rates together with the associated UHECnu flux, provided that the latter saturates current observational limits and the neutrino masses are quasi-degenerate, m_nu_i < 0.1 eV. In the case of UHECnu fluxes below the electromagnetic cascade limit, or a hierarchical neutrino mass spectrum, an experimental sensitivity exceeding that of EUSO by at least two orders of magnitude is required to detect the clustering enhancements with any certainty.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, RevTeX; v2 matches published version
Effects of surface charge of amphiphilic peptides on peptide-lipid interactions in the gas phase and in solution
Creators: name: Kundlacz, Til
name: Schwieger, Christian
name: Schmidt, Carla
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 540

description: The interactions between peptides and lipids are fundamental for many biological processes. Therefore, exploring the noncovalent interactions that govern these interactions has become increasingly important. Native mass spectrometry is a valuable technique for the characterization of specific peptide–lipid interactions. However, native mass spectrometry requires the transfer of the analyte into the gas phase, and noncovalent interactions driven by the hydrophobic effect might be distorted. We, therefore, address the importance of electrostatic interactions for the formation of peptide–lipid interactions. For this, we make use of the amphipathic, antimicrobial peptide LL-37 as well as a positively and a negatively charged variant thereof and study binding of a variety of lipids by native mass spectrometry. We found that the surface charge of the peptides affects the transfer of stable peptide–lipid complexes into the gas phase and that the ionization mode is important to observe these interactions. We further compare our findings observed in the gas phase with interactions formed in solution between the peptides and lipid monolayers using a Langmuir film balance. The two approaches deliver comparable results and reveal a clear trend in the lipid preferences of all variants for those lipids with opposite charge. Notably, the unmodified wild-type peptide was more flexible in the formation of peptide–lipid interactions. We conclude that native mass spectrometry is indeed well-suited to explore the interactions between peptides and lipids and that electrostatic interactions as expressed by the surface charge of the peptides play an important role in the formation and stabilization of peptide–lipid interactions.
Spectroscopic studies of fractal aggregates of silver nanospheres undergoing local restructuring
Creators: name: Karpov, Sergei V.
name: Gerasimov, Valeriy S.
name: Isaev, Ivan L.
name: Markel, Vadim A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental spectroscopic study of large random colloidal aggregates of silver nanoparticles undergoing local restructuring. We argue that such well-known phenomena as strong fluctuation of local electromagnetic fields, appearance of "hot spots" and enhancement of nonlinear optical responses depend on the local structure on the scales of several nanosphere diameters, rather that the large-scale fractal geometry of the sample.
description: 3.5 pages, submitted to J. Chem. Phys
Strong-coupling Effects in cuprate High-$T_{c}$ Superconductors by magnetooptical studies
Creators: name: Lee, Y. S.
name: Li, Z. Q.
name: Padilla, W. J.
name: Dordevic, S. V.
name: Homes, C. C.
name: Segawa, Kouji
name: Ando, Yoichi
name: Basov, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Signatures of strong coupling effects in cuprate high-$T_{c}$ superconductors have been authenticated through a variety of spectroscopic probes. However, the microscopic nature of relevant excitations has not been agreed upon. Here we report on magneto-optical studies of the CuO$_{2}$ plane carrier dynamics in a prototypical high-$T_{c}$ superconductor YBa$%_{2} $Cu$_{3}$O$_{y}$ (YBCO). Infrared data are directly compared with earlier inelastic neutron scattering results by Dai \textit{et al}. [Nature (London) \textbf{406}, 965 (2000)] revealing a characteristic depression of the magnetic resonance in H $\parallel $ \textit{c} field less than 7 T. This analysis has allowed us to critically assess the role of magnetic degrees of freedom in producing strong coupling effects for YBCO system.
description: 4 pages, two figures
Isolation and characterization of phthalates from Brevibacterium mcbrellneri that cause cytotoxicity and cell cycle arrest
Creators: name: Rajamanikyam, Maheshwari
name: Vadlapudi, Varahalarao
name: Parvathaneni, Sai Prathima
name: Koude, Dhevendar
name: Sripadi, Prabhakar
name: Misra, Sunil
name: Amanchy, Ramars
name: Upadhyayula, Suryanarayana Murty
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Brevibacterium mcbrellneri
subject: di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate
subject: dibutyl phthalate
subject: anti-bacterial
subject: Mosquito larvicidal
subject: cytotoxicity
subject: cell cycle arrest
subject: 610

description: Bacteria belonging to the family Brevibacterieae are ubiquitous Gram positive organisms that are responsible for the feet odour and cheese aroma. Brevibacterium mcbrellneri is a relatively new member belonging to Brevibac- terieae. In the current manuscript we discuss isolation of biologically active metabolites from Brevibacterium mcbrellneri. Two aromatic esters were isolated from Brevibacterium mcbrellneri by “Bioassay guided fractiona- tion strategy” and identified as di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and dibutyl phthalate by chemical characterization using biophysical techniques. The phthalate compounds show broad spectrum antibacterial activity and mosquito larvi-cidal activity. Mosquito larvicidal activity has been attributed to inhibition of acetylcholinesterase enzyme activity. These compounds were found to be cytotoxic in multiple cell lines causing cell cycle arrest in G1 phase.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
Dynamical response of the "GGG" rotor to test the Equivalence Principle: theory, simulation and experiment. Part I: the normal modes
Creators: name: Comandi, G. L.
name: Chiofalo, M. L.
name: Toncelli, R.
name: Bramanti, D.
name: Polacco, E.
name: Nobili, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent theoretical work suggests that violation of the Equivalence Principle might be revealed in a measurement of the fractional differential acceleration $η$ between two test bodies -of different composition, falling in the gravitational field of a source mass- if the measurement is made to the level of $η\simeq 10^{-13}$ or better. This being within the reach of ground based experiments, gives them a new impetus. However, while slowly rotating torsion balances in ground laboratories are close to reaching this level, only an experiment performed in low orbit around the Earth is likely to provide a much better accuracy. We report on the progress made with the "Galileo Galilei on the Ground" (GGG) experiment, which aims to compete with torsion balances using an instrument design also capable of being converted into a much higher sensitivity space test. In the present and following paper (Part I and Part II), we demonstrate that the dynamical response of the GGG differential accelerometer set into supercritical rotation -in particular its normal modes (Part I) and rejection of common mode effects (Part II)- can be predicted by means of a simple but effective model that embodies all the relevant physics. Analytical solutions are obtained under special limits, which provide the theoretical understanding. A simulation environment is set up, obtaining quantitative agreement with the available experimental data on the frequencies of the normal modes, and on the whirling behavior. This is a needed and reliable tool for controlling and separating perturbative effects from the expected signal, as well as for planning the optimization of the apparatus.
description: Accepted for publication by "Review of Scientific Instruments" on Jan 16, 2006. 16 2-column pages, 9 figures
Επιχειρηματικότητα εθνοτικών μειονοτήτων: οι παράγοντες επιτυχίας τους στην Ελλάδα
Creators: name: Αϊντινιάν, Σατινέ
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Επιχειρηματικότητα
subject: Εθνοτικές μειονότητες
subject: Μετανάστες επιχειρηματίες
subject: Επιτυχία εθνοτικής επιχείρησης
subject: Επιτυχία επιχείρησης μετανάστη

description: Όσο στο σύγχρονο κόσμο μεγαλώνουν οι κοινωνικοοικονομικές ανισότητες μεταξύ των χωρών, εντείνονται οι δημογραφικές πιέσεις και οι πολιτικοί θεσμοί γίνονται ασταθείς και καταπιεστικοί. Όσο εξαπολύονται πόλεμοι και υπάρχουν συγκρούσεις, τόσο οι πληττόμενοι πληθυσμοί τους θα επιδιώκουν καλύτερο μέλλον σε άλλη χώρα προσδοκώντας την επιβίωση τους, την εύρεση εργασίας και τη βελτίωση του βιοτικού τους επιπέδου. Στην Ευρώπη, οι επιχειρήσεις που ανήκουν σε άτομα που προέρχονται από μειονοτικές εθνοτικές ομάδες ήταν πάντα παρόντες. Ωστόσο, τις τελευταίες δεκαετίες έχει παρατηρηθεί αύξηση των επιχειρηματικών δραστηριοτήτων που ασκούν οι μετανάστες και οι απόγονοί τους, όπου ο δυναμισμός των επιχειρήσεων έχει βοηθήσει στην κοινωνική, πολιτισμική και οικονομική ενσωμάτωσή τους στις δυτικές κοινωνίες υποδοχής. Στόχος της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να εξεταστούν οι εθνοτικές επιχειρήσεις όχι μόνο στην πρωτεύουσα τις χώρας αλλά και στην επαρχεία. Εδώ επιλέχθηκε η Θεσσαλονίκη. Εξετάζονται σε βάθος οι παράγοντες οι οποίοι έχουν συμβάλει στην επιτυχία των επιχειρήσεων που ανήκουν σε εθνοτικές μειονότητες στην Ελλάδα. Καθώς η οικονομική κρίση του 2008 έχει περάσει και οι επιχειρήσεις που ανήκουν σε εθνοτικές μειονότητες στη χώρα συνεχίζουν να λειτουργούν. Σε μια χώρα λοιπόν, που υποδέχεται και φιλοξενεί όλο και περισσότερους πρόσφυγες, οι οποίοι μετά από κάποια χρόνια θα αποκτήσουν εργασιακά και ιδιοκτησιακά δικαιώματα, είναι αναγκαίο να μελετηθεί σε βάθος το φαινόμενο της εθνοτικής επιχειρηματικότητας και οι παράγοντες που συμβάλουν στην επιτυχημένη δραστηριότητά τους, ώστε οι τωρινές και επόμενες κυβερνήσεις να συμπεριλάβουν πολιτικές που θα βοηθούν, στηρίζουν και ενισχύουν την επιχειρηματικότητα των εθνοτικών ομάδων της χώρας.
Topology protects chiral edge currents in stochastic systems
Creators: name: Tang, Evelyn
name: Agudo-Canalejo, Jaime
name: Golestanian, Ramin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Constructing systems that exhibit time-scales much longer than those of the underlying components, as well as emergent dynamical and collective behavior, is a key goal in fields such as synthetic biology and materials self-assembly. Inspiration often comes from living systems, in which robust global behavior prevails despite the stochasticity of the underlying processes. Here, we present two-dimensional stochastic networks that consist of minimal motifs representing out-of-equilibrium cycles at the molecular scale and support chiral edge currents in configuration space. These currents arise in the topological phase due to the bulk-boundary correspondence and dominate the system dynamics in the steady-state, further proving robust to defects or blockages. We demonstrate the topological properties of these networks and their uniquely non-Hermitian features such as exceptional points and vorticity, while characterizing the edge state localization. As these emergent edge currents are associated to macroscopic timescales and length scales, simply tuning a small number of parameters enables varied dynamical phenomena including a global clock, dynamical growth and shrinkage, and synchronization. Our construction provides a novel topological formalism for stochastic systems and fresh insights into non-Hermitian physics, paving the way for the prediction of robust dynamical states in new classical and quantum platforms.
description: 14 pages, with appendices and 3 supplementary videos
Faster speed of onset of the depressive episode is associated with lower cytokine serum levels (IL-2, -4, -6, -10, TNF-α and IFN-γ) in patients with major depression
Creators: name: Buspavanich, Pichit
name: Adli, Mazda
name: Himmerich, Hubertus
name: Berger, Maximilian
name: Busche, Marlene
name: Schlattmann, Peter
name: Bopp, Sandra
name: Bschor, Tom
name: Richter, Christoph
name: Steinacher, Bruno
name: Stoppel, Christian
name: Hindinger, Claudia
name: Meyer, Saskia
name: Hoffmann, Kai
name: Stamm, Thomas
name: Gabriel, Alexander
name: Merkl, Angela
name: Goerke-Arndt, Franziska
name: Köhler, Stephan
name: Sterzer, Phillip
name: Heinz, Andreas
name: Behr, Joachim
name: Fakhri, Hajar
name: Lang, Florian
name: Lang, Undine E.
name: Ricken, Roland
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: cytokine
subject: major depressive disorder
subject: onset of the depressive episode
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: INTRODUCTION Cytokines might play a key role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). The speed of onset of depressive episodes has been discussed as an important clinical parameter in MDD. The aim of this study was to investigate a potential influence of the speed of onset of the depressive episode on cytokine serum levels. METHOD Serum level of the cytokines interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) granulocyte and monocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were measured in a total of 92 patients with MDD that did not respond to at least one previous antidepressant treatment. Patients were retrospectively divided in two groups: Faster (≤4 weeks) and slower (>4 weeks) onset of the depressive episode defined as the time passing from the first depressive symptoms to a full-blown depressive episode by using information from a clinical interview. RESULTS We found significantly lower serum levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ in patients with a faster onset compared to patients with a slower onset of the depressive episodes. Furthermore, lower cytokine serum levels of IL-2, IL-8, IL-10 and IFN-γ were found in patients with a shorter duration (less than 6 months) compared to a longer duration (6-24 months) of the current depressive episode. This effect on cytokines was independent from the effect of the speed of onset of the depressive episode. CONCLUSIONS Patients with faster onset of the depressive episode might represent a biological subtype of MDD with lower serum levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α and IFN-γ.
Protective effects of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi against hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in HaCaT human skin keratinocytes
Creators: name: Yoon, Jung Jeh
name: Jeong, Jin-Woo
name: Choi, Eun Ok
name: Kim, Min Ju
name: Hwang-Bo, Hyun
name: Kim, Hong Jae
name: Hong, Su Hyun
name: Park, Cheol
name: Lee, Dong Hee
name: Choi, Yung Hyun
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Scutellaria baicalensis rhizome
subject: antioxidant
subject: DNA damage
subject: apoptosis
subject: ROS
subject: Nrf2/HO-1
subject: 610

description: Oxidative stress due to excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the risk factors for the development of several chronic diseases. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of Scutellaria bai- calensis rhizome ethanol extract (SBRE) against oxidative stress-induced cellular damage and elucidated the un- derlying mechanisms in the HaCaT human skin keratinocyte cell line. Our results revealed that treatment with SBRE prior to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) exposure significantly increased viability of aCaT cells. SBRE also effectively attenuated H2O2-induced comet tail formation and inhibited the H2O2-induced phosphorylation levels of the histone γH2AX, as well as the number of apoptotic bodies and Annexin V-positive cells. In addition, SBRE exhibited scavenging activity against intracellular ROS generation and restored the mitochondrial membrane po- tential loss by H2O2. Moreover, H2O2 enhanced the cleavage of caspase-3 and degradation of poly (ADP-ribose)- polymerase, a typical substrate protein of activated caspase-3, as well as DNA fragmentation; however, these events were almost totally reversed by pretreatment with SBRE. Furthermore, SBRE increased the levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which is a potent antioxidant enzyme, associated with the induction of nuclear fac- tor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). According to our data, SBRE is able to protect HaCaT cells from H2O2- induced DNA damage and apoptosis through blocking cellular damage related to oxidative stress through a mech-anism that would affect ROS elimination and activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
Χρηματοοικονομική ανάλυση εταιρειών του κλάδου λιανικού εμπορίου
Creators: name: Μακρής, Νικόλαος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Λιανικό εμπόριο
subject: Χρηματοοικονομική ανάλυση
subject: Ισολογισμοί
subject: Αριθμοδείκτες

description: Η συγκεκριμένη διπλωματική εργασία αποτελεί μια προσπάθεια εφαρμογής της θεωρίας της ανάλυσης των λογιστικών καταστάσεων στις εταιρίες του κλάδου του λιανικού εμπορίου (supermarkets). Πιο συγκεκριμένα επιδιώκονται οι παρακάτω σκοποί: • Η ανάλυση του διεθνούς και εγχώριου οικονομικού περιβάλλοντος, με στόχο να διαπιστωθούν οι συνέπειες του εξωτερικού περιβάλλοντος στον κλάδο και στις εταιρίες που τον απαρτίζουν. • Η ανάλυση του κλάδου του λιανικού εμπορίου μέσω του σχολιασμού των κύριων προσδιοριστικών παραγόντων του. • Η ανάλυση των λογιστικών καταστάσεων των εταιριών μέσω της κριτικής διερεύνησης αριθμοδεικτών και πινάκων κίνησης κεφαλαίων. • Η εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων για τον κλάδο.
Acute kidney injury during sepsis and prognostic role of coexistent chronic heart failure
Creators: name: Soukup, Jens
name: Pliquett, Rainer U.
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Background: The recently updated definition of sepsis considers pathophysiologic mechanisms to guide initial therapy. Clearly, generalized recommendations for sepsis therapy may be limited by pre-existing multimorbidity in addition to sepsis-related multi-organ failure. In particular, a recommendation regarding fluid rescue therapy may require adequate cardiac function and/or the absence of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy. In all sepsis patients with compromised cardiac function or sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy, a patient-specific therapy regimen is required to prevent pulmonary edema and early death. Similarly, in sepsis, acute kidney injury with or without pre-existing chronic kidney disease requires attention to be paid to excretory renal function to avoid hypervolemia-mediated acute heart failure. In addition, hyponatremia related to intravascular hypovolemia may be explained by vasopressin stimulation. However, hypothetically, vasopressin hyporesponsiveness may contribute to sepsis-related acute kidney injury. In this review, relevant cardiorenal pathomechanisms will be assessed in the context of sepsis therapy. Conclusions: In conclusion, therapy for sepsis with acute kidney injury has to take cardiac comorbidity, if present, into account. The extent to which vasopressin hyporesponsiveness aggravates sepsis-mediated hypovolemia and renal insufficiency should remain a subject of further study.
The Delayed-Choice Quantum Eraser Leaves No Choice
Creators: name: Qureshi, Tabish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A realizable delayed-choice quantum eraser, using a modified Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometer and polarization entangled photons, is theoretically analyzed here. The signal photon goes through a modified MZ interferometer, and the polarization of the idler photon provides path information for the signal photon. The setup is very similar to the delayed-choice quantum eraser experimentally studied by the Vienna group. In the class of quantum erasers with discrete output states, it is easy to see that the delayed mode leaves no choice for the experimenter. The which-way information is always erased, and every detected signal photon fixes the polarization state of the idler, and thus gives information on precisely how the signal photon traversed the two paths. The analysis shows that the Vienna delayed-choice quantum eraser is the first experimental demonstration of the fact that the delayed mode leaves no choice for the experimenter, and the which-way information is always erased. Additionally it is shown that this argument holds even in a conventional two-slit quantum eraser. Every photon registered anywhere on the screen, fixes the state of the two-state which-way detector in a unique mutually unbiased basis. In the delayed-choice quantum eraser experiments, the role of mutually unbiased basis sets for the which-way detector, has been overlooked till now.
description: 11 pages
Correlation of the plasma sphingoid base profile with results from oral glucose tolerance tests in gestational diabetes mellitus
Creators: name: Khan, Abad
name: Hornemann, Thorsten
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: gestational diabetes
subject: oral glucose tolerance test
subject: basal glucose
subject: area under the curve
subject: correlation
subject: sphin-goid-bases
subject: 610

description: Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) is usually insufficient to accurately predict the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), it is therefore necessary to identify an additional biomarker that would most likely improve the accuracy of OGTT. The current OGTT was performed in 53 volunteers after ingestion of 75 g glucose in 250 ml water to each volunteer. Similarly the sphingoid base profile of these volunteers was explored using liquid-chromatography linked with mass spectrometer (LC-MS) and correlated with the different time-points glucose values of OGTT as well as with total area under the curve (tAUC), incremental area under the curve (iAUC), and positive incremental area under the curve (pAUC). The findings showed that 1-deoxysphinganine (1-deoxySA) was significantly posi- tively correlated with the 1-hour, 2-hour, and 3-hour plasma glucose level as well as with total, incremental, and positive incremental AUC while 1-deoxysphingosine (1-deoxySO) was correlated only with 1-hour, 2-hour glu- cose levels and tAUC of OGTT. The C18SAdiene was negatively correlated with all-time points glucose values and AUCs followed by negative correlation of C18SO, C16SO and C17SO with 2-hour glucose and tAUC of OGTT. The ratios of 1-deoxySA and 1-deoxySO with respect to C18SAdiene have shown significant correlation with 2-hour and AUCs. These ratios were higher in subjects with gestational diabetes in comparison with normal subjects. These findings underlined that 1-deoxysphingolipids (1-deoxySLs) and their ratios with C18SAdiene could be significantly correlated with the glucose load of OGTT and might be used as predictive biomarkers along with OGTT for the risk assessment of diabetes.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
Double Tips for In-Plane Polarized Near-Field Microscopy and Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Kusch, Patryk
name: Arcos Pareja, José Andrés
name: Tsarapkin, Aleksei
name: Deinhart, Victor
name: Harbauer, Karsten
name: Hoeflich, Katja
name: Reich, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: s-SNOM
subject: TERS
subject: TEPL
subject: in-plane excitation
subject: double tips
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Near-field optical microscopy and spectroscopy provide high-resolution imaging below the diffraction limit, crucial in physics, chemistry, and biology for studying molecules, nanoparticles, and viruses. These techniques use a sharp metallic tip of an atomic force microscope (AFM) to enhance incoming and scattered light by excited near-fields at the tip apex, leading to high sensitivity and a spatial resolution of a few nanometers. However, this restricts the near-field orientation to out-of-plane polarization, limiting optical polarization choices. We introduce double tips that offer in-plane polarization for enhanced imaging and spectroscopy. These double tips provide superior enhancement over single tips, although with a slightly lower spatial resolution (∼30 nm). They enable advanced studies of nanotubes, graphene defects, and transition metal dichalcogenides, benefiting from polarization control. The double tips allow varied polarization in tip-enhanced Raman scattering and selective excitation of transverse-electric and -magnetic polaritons, expanding the range of nanoscale samples that can be studied.
Factorization of Quaternionic Polynomials of Bi-Degree (n,1)
Creators: name: Lercher, Johanna
name: Scharler, Daniel F.
name: Schröcker, Hans-Peter
name: Siegele, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16S36, 12D05

description: We consider polynomials of bi-degree $(n,1)$ over the skew field of quaternions where the indeterminates commute with each other and with all coefficients. Polynomials of this type do not generally admit factorizations. We recall a necessary and sufficient condition for existence of a factorization with univariate linear factors that has originally been stated by Skopenkov and Krasauskas. Such a factorization is, in general, non-unique by known factorization results for univariate quaternionic polynomials. We unveil existence of bivariate polynomials with non-unique factorizations that cannot be explained in this way and characterize them geometrically and algebraically. Existence of factorizations is related to the existence of special rulings of two different types (left/right) on the ruled surface parameterized by the bivariate polynomial in the projective space over the quaternions. Special non-uniqueness in above sense can be explained algebraically by commutation properties of factors in suitable factorizations. A necessary geometric condition for this to happen is degeneration to a point of at least one of the left/right rulings.
description: This version of the article has been accepted for publication, after peer review (when applicable) but is not the Version of Record and does not reflect post-acceptance improvements, or any corrections. The Version of Record is available online at: 10.1007/s13366-022-00629-z
title: Η σημασία και εφαρμογή της διαχείρισης ανθρώπινου δυναμικού σε τέσσερα ιδιωτικά σχολεία της Αττικής: συγκριτική έρευνα
title: The importance and implementation of human resources management in four private schools of the Attica peninsula: comparative research
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Κοκκινιώτης, Χρήστος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ανθρώπινο δυναμικό
subject: Εκπαίδευση
subject: Ιδιωτικά σχολεία

description: Απώτερος σκοπός της παρούσας ερευνητικής διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι να εξάγει κάποια ασφαλή και συγκεκριμένα συμπεράσματα για το πώς διαφορετικά ιδιωτικά σχολεία σε φιλοσοφία, αριθμό μαθητών και μέγεθος υποδομών ασκούν τη διαχείριση ανθρώπινου δυναμικού, κατά πόσο ακολουθούν ορισμένες βασικές αρχές της που εφαρμόζονται στον υπόλοιπο ιδιωτικό τομέα καθώς και το κατά πόσο ή/και με ποιους τρόπους οι πρακτικές εφαρμογής της ΔΑΠ που ακολουθούν, επηρεάζουν τα ίδια τα σχολεία στην λειτουργία τους. Η έρευνα βασίστηκε στη θεωρία της επιστήμης της διαχείρισης ανθρώπινου δυναμικού και τα αποτελέσματα της συλλέχθηκαν μέσα από ερωτηματολόγια τα οποία εστάλησαν ηλεκτρονικά σε διάφορα ιδιωτικά σχολεία του νομού Αττικής.
Mean nutrient uptake depths of cereal crops change with compost incorporation into subsoil – evidence from 87Sr/86Sr ratios
Creators: name: Uhlig, David
name: Berns, Anne E.
name: Wu, Bei
name: Amelung, Wulf
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nutrient uplift
subject: Sustainable agriculture
subject: Radiogenic Sr
subject: Spring barley
subject: Winter wheat
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Background and Aims Root restricting layers often hinder crops from accessing the large reservoir of bioavailable mineral nutrients situated in subsoil. This study aims to explore changes in the mean nutrient uptake depth of cereal crops when removing root restricting layers through subsoil management. Methods Subsoil management was performed by deep loosening, cultivation of lucerne as deep-rooting pre-crop, and their combination with compost incorporation. Management effects were evaluated by means of shoot biomass and element concentrations in shoots and soil compartments. The mean nutrient uptake depth was fingerprinted by graphically matching the 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios in shoots with the 87 Sr/ 86 Sr ratios in the exchangeable fraction in soil. Nutrient uplift from depth to topsoil was inferred from element concentrations in the exchangeable fraction in soil. Results Shoot biomass remained constant in management and control plots. The mean nutrient uptake depth changed with subsoil management in the order: deep loosening < control < deep loosening with compost incorporation. The latter coincided with a reallocation of compost-derived Na and hence resulted in increased levels of bioavailable Na below the depth of compost incorporation, which may have led to an improved water use efficiency of the crops. Thus, Na relocation triggered the deepening of the mean uptake depth of water and nutrients. Moreover, nutrient uplift from depth to topsoil was evident 21 months after subsoiling. Conclusion Subsoil management by deep loosening with compost incorporation provides a sustainable use of soil resources because otherwise unused deep geogenic-derived nutrient reservoirs were additionally involved in crop nutrition.