cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Construction of the unitary free fermion Segal CFT
Creators: name: Tener, James E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81T40, 47C99, 30F99

description: In this article, we provide a detailed construction and analysis of the mathematical conformal field theory of the free fermion, defined in the sense of Graeme Segal. We verify directly that the operators assigned to disks with two disks removed correspond to vertex operators, and use this to deduce analytic properties of the vertex operators. One of the main tools used in the construction is the Cauchy transform for Riemann surfaces, for which we establish several properties analogous to those of the classical Cauchy transform in the complex plane.
description: 42 pages
X-ray cluster cosmology
Creators: name: Clerc, Nicolas
name: Finoguenov, Alexis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Formation of dark matter halos is sensitive to the expansion rate of the Universe and to the growth of structures under gravitational collapse. Virialization of halos heats the gaseous intra-cluster medium to high temperatures, leading to copious emission of photons at X-ray wavelengths. We summarize the progress of X-ray surveys in determining cosmology using galaxy clusters. We review recent cosmological results based on cluster volume abundance, clustering, standard candles, extreme object statistics, and present relevant theoretical considerations. We discuss clusters as gravitation theory probes and present an outlook on future developments.
description: 52 pages, 5 figures. This Chapter will appear in the Section "Galaxy Clusters" (Section Editors: E. Pointecouteau, E. Rasia, A. Simionescu) of the "Handbook of X-ray and Gamma-ray Astrophysics" (Editors in chief: C. Bambi and A. Santangelo)
Nonlinear two-dimensional terahertz photon echo and rotational spectroscopy in the gas phase
Creators: name: Lu, Jian
name: Zhang, Yaqing
name: Hwang, Harold Y.
name: Ofori-Okai, Benjamin K.
name: Fleischer, Sharly
name: Nelson, Keith A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrafast two-dimensional spectroscopy utilizes correlated multiple light-matter interactions for retrieving dynamic features that may otherwise be hidden under the linear spectrum. Its extension to the terahertz regime of the electromagnetic spectrum, where a rich variety of material degrees of freedom reside, remains an experimental challenge. Here we report ultrafast two-dimensional terahertz spectroscopy of gas-phase molecular rotors at room temperature. Using time-delayed terahertz pulse pairs, we observe photon echoes and other nonlinear signals resulting from molecular dipole orientation induced by three terahertz field-dipole interactions. The nonlinear time-domain orientation signals are mapped into the frequency domain in two-dimensional rotational spectra which reveal J-state-resolved nonlinear rotational dynamics. The approach enables direct observation of correlated rotational transitions and may reveal rotational coupling and relaxation pathways in the ground electronic and vibrational state.
description: 31 pages, 14 figures
In memory of Leo P. Kadanoff
Creators: name: Wegner, Franz J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Leo Kadanoff has worked in many fields of statistical mechanics. His contributions had an enormous impact. This holds in particular for critical phenomena, where he explained Widom's homogeneity laws by means of block-spin transformations and laid the basis for Wilson's renormalization group equation. I had the pleasure to work in his group for one year. A short historically account is given.
description: 8 pages
High Efficiency, Low Cost, RF Sources for Accelerators and Colliders
Creators: name: Ives, R. Lawrence
name: Read, Michael
name: Bui, Thuc
name: Marsden, David
name: Collins, George
name: Chase, Brian
name: Reid, John
name: Conant, Jeff
name: Ho, Ricky
name: Higgins, Leroy
name: Jensen, Aaron
name: Freund, Henry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several high efficiency, low cost, RF sources are in development or recently completed. All are designed to provide operating efficiencies exceeding 80% and provide more than 100 kW of output power with a focus on high average power or CW operation. The sources include (1) a magnetron system with amplitude and phase control, a multiple beam, power grid-tube based source, a multiple beam inductive output tube, and a klystron using the core oscillation method. The estimated cost for the magnetron system and multiple beam power grid-tube source are one dollar per Watt and 75 cents per Watt, respectively. Operating frequencies span the range from 300 MHz (power grid tube) to 1.3 GHz (magnetron and klystron). This paper describes the basic operation of the sources, indicates the status and schedule, and provides available experimental results.
description: contribution to Snowmass 2021
Mapping out the thermodynamic stability of a QCD equation of state with a critical point using active learning
Creators: name: Mroczek, D.
name: Hjorth-Jensen, M.
name: Noronha-Hostler, J.
name: Parotto, P.
name: Ratti, C.
name: Vilalta, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Beam Energy Scan Theory (BEST) collaboration's equation of state (EoS) incorporates a 3D Ising model critical point into the Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) equation of state from lattice simulations. However, it contains 4 free parameters related to the size and location of the critical region in the QCD phase diagram. Certain combinations of the free parameters lead to acausal or unstable realizations of the EoS that should not be considered. In this work, we use an active learning framework to rule out pathological EoS efficiently. We find that checking stability and causality for a small portion of the parameters' range is sufficient to construct algorithms that perform with $>$96% accuracy across the entire parameter space. Though in this work we focus on a specific case, our approach can be generalized to any EoS containing a parameter space-class correspondence.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Classification of multipole superconductivity in multi-orbital systems and its implications
Creators: name: Nomoto, Takuya
name: Hattori, Kazumasa
name: Ikeda, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by a growing interest in multi-orbital superconductors with spin-orbit interactions, we perform the group-theoretical classification of various unconventional superconductivity emerging in symmorphic $\rm O$, $\rm D_4$, and $\rm D_6$ space groups. The generalized Cooper pairs, which we here call "multipole" superconductivity, possess spin-orbital coupled (multipole) degrees of freedom, instead of the conventional spin singlet/triplet in single-orbital systems. From the classification, we obtain the following key consequences, which have been overlooked in the long history of research in this field: (1) A superconducting gap function with $\varGamma_9\otimes\varGamma_9$ in $\rm D_6$ possesses nontrivial momentum dependence, different from the usual spin 1/2 classification. (2) Unconventional gap structure can be realized in the BCS approximation of purely local (on-site) interactions irrespective of attractive/repulsive. It implies the emergence of an electron-phonon (e-ph) driven unconventional superconductivity. (3) Reflecting symmetry of orbital basis functions, there appear not symmetry-protected but inevitable line nodes/gap minima, and thus, anisotropic $s$-wave superconductivity can be naturally explained without any competitive fluctuations.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, 7 tables
Enhancement of the superconducting critical temperature realized in the La-Ce-H system at moderate pressures
Creators: name: Chen, Wuhao
name: Huang, Xiaoli
name: Semenok, Dmitrii V.
name: Chen, Su
name: Zhang, Kexin
name: Oganov, Artem R.
name: Cui, Tian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Covalent and ionic polyhydrides have become the two main camps in searching for the high-temperature superconductors under pressure. They have been considered as important platforms for exploring ternary or multiple hydrides in order to further increase the Tc or decrease the stabilization pressure. In this work, we successfully synthesized ternary hexagonal La-Ce polyhydrides stable in the pressure range of 95-130 GPa by laser-heating the La-Ce alloy (initial ratio La:Ce=2.5-3.5) in ammonia borane. Superconductivity at 176 K was strikingly preserved to about 100 GPa. The extrapolated upper critical field Hc2(0) reached 216 T at 100 GPa, the highest value among the synthesized polyhydrides. We also performed the contrast experiments and stabilized binary high-temperature superconducting LaHx with Tc-103 K at 78 GPa. In the pressure range of 95-130 GPa, the ternary hexagonal La-Ce-H system exhibits higher Tc than the binary La-H system, with the maximum difference of 100 K, and the compounds of both systems were synthesized at the same pressure and temperature conditions. These results clearly indicate that the discovered La-Ce-H system not only enriches the high-temperature superconducting hydrides but also realizes high-Tc at moderate pressures.
Translators as Social Agents: translated fantasy books in Taiwan
Creators: name: Chung, Yu-Ling
Publisher: name: IATIS and the Centre for Translation and Textual Studies (CTTS) at Dublin City University
Year: 2009
Subjects: capital
descriptive translation studies
field
habitus
Pierre Bourdieu
prescriptive translation studies
reflexivity
social agent
sociology of translation
translation Studies

description: New Voices in Translation Studies, 5, 1, -
Extended friction elucidates the breakdown of fast water transport in graphene oxide membranes
Creators: name: Montessori, A.
name: Amadei, C. A.
name: Falcucci, G.
name: Sega, M.
name: Vecitis, C. D.
name: Succi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The understanding of water transport in graphene oxide (GO) membranes stands out as a major theoretical problem in graphene research. Notwithstanding the intense efforts devoted to the subject in the recent years, a consolidated picture of water transport in GO membranes is yet to emerge. By performing mesoscale simulations of water transport in ultrathin GO membranes, we show that even small amounts of oxygen functionalities can lead to a dramatic drop of the GO permeability, in line with experimental findings. The coexistence of bulk viscous dissipation and spatially extended molecular friction results in a major decrease of both slip and bulk flow, thereby suppressing the fast water transport regime observed in pristine graphene nanochannels. Inspection of the flow structure reveals an inverted curvature in the near-wall region, which connects smoothly with a parabolic profile in the bulk region. Such inverted curvature is a distinctive signature of the coexistence between single-particle Langevin friction and collective hydrodynamics. The present mesoscopic model with spatially extended friction may offer a computationally efficient tool for future simulations of water transport in nanomaterials.
description: 10 pages,10 figures
Large Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupling and High-Temperature Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect in Re-Intercalated Graphene/CrI$_3$ Heterostructure
Creators: name: Han, Yulei
name: Yan, Zhi
name: Li, Zeyu
name: Xu, Xiaohong
name: Zhang, Zhenyu
name: Niu, Qian
name: Qiao, Zhenhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2010, quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE) in graphene was proposed in the presence of Rashba spin-orbit coupling and ferromagnetic exchange field. After a decade's experimental exploration, the anomalous Hall conductance can only reach about 0.25 in the units of $2e^2/h$, which was attributed to the tiny Rashba spin-orbit coupling. Here, we theoretically show that Re-intercalation in graphene/CrI$_3$ heterostructure can not only induce sizeable Rashba spin-orbit coupling ($>$ 40~meV), but also open up large band gaps at valleys $K$ (22.2 meV) and $K' $ (30.3 meV), and a global band gap over 5.5 meV (19.5 meV with random Re distribution) hosting QAHE. A low-energy continuum model is constructed to explain the underlying physical mechanism. We find that Rashba spin-orbit coupling is robust against external stress whereas a tensile strain can increase the global bulk gap. Furthermore, we also show that Re-intercalated graphene with hexagonal boron-nitride can also realize QAHE with bulk gap over 40~meV, indicating the tunability of $5d$-intercalated graphene-based heterostructure. Our finding makes a great leap towards the experimental realization of graphene-based QAHE, and will definitely accelerate the practical application of graphene-based low-power electronics.
Clause-Level Foregrounding in the Translation of the Qur’an into English: patterns and motivations
Creators: name: Elimam, Ahmed Abdelmoneim Saleh
Publisher: name: IATIS and the Centre for Translation and Textual Studies (CTTS) at Dublin City University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Arabic word order variation
foregrounding
(non)canonical word order
Qur’an translation

description: New Voices in Translation Studies, 5, 1, -
News as Narrative: reporting and translating the 2004 Beslan hostage disaster
Creators: name: Sue-Ann Harding
Publisher: name: IATIS and the Centre for Translation and Textual Studies (CTTS) at Dublin City University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Beslan
narrative theory
news
online media
Russia
terrorism
violent conflict

description: New Voices in Translation Studies, 5, 1, -
The Efficacy of Using State-of-the-art Translation Resources in Translating into a Non-mother Tongue
Creators: name: Nataša Hirci
Publisher: name: IATIS and the Centre for Translation and Textual Studies (CTTS) at Dublin City University
Year: 2009
Subjects: acceptability of translations into a non-mother tongue
state-of-the-art translation resources and technologies
teaching translation
translator training

description: New Voices in Translation Studies, 5, 1, -
Evidence of Noncollinear Spin Texture in Magnetic Moiré Superlattices
Creators: name: Xie, Hongchao
name: Luo, Xiangpeng
name: Ye, Zhipeng
name: Ye, Gaihua
name: Ge, Haiwen
name: Yan, Shaohua
name: Fu, Yang
name: Tian, Shangjie
name: Lei, Hechang
name: Sun, Kai
name: He, Rui
name: Zhao, Liuyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Moiré magnetism, parallel with moiré electronics that has led to novel correlated and topological electronic states, emerges as a new venue to design and control exotic magnetic phases in twisted magnetic two-dimensional(2D) crystals. Here, we report direct evidence of noncollinear spin texture in 2D twisted double bilayer (tDB) magnet chromium triiodide (CrI$_3$). Using magneto-optical spectroscopy in tDB CrI$_3$, we revealed the presence of a net magnetization, unexpected from the composing antiferromagnetic bilayers with compensated magnetizations, and the emergence of noncollinear spins, originated from the moiré exchange coupling-induced spin frustrations. Exploring the twist angle dependence, we demonstrated that both features are present in tDB CrI$_3$ with twist angles from 0.5$^o$ to 5$^o$, but are most prominent in the 1.1$^o$ tDB CrI$_3$. Focusing on the temperature dependence of the 1.1$^o$ tDB CrI$_3$, we resolved the dramatic suppression in the net magnetization onset temperature and the significant softening of noncollinear spins, as a result of the moiré induced frustration. Our results demonstrate the power of moiré superlattices in introducing novel magnetic phenomena that are absent in natural 2D magnets.
Emily Dickinson and China
Creators: name: Yanbin, Kang
Publisher: name: IATIS and the Centre for Translation and Textual Studies (CTTS) at Dublin City University
Year: 2009
Subjects: China
critical/creative understanding
cross-cultural critic
cultural imagination
cultural memory
daoism
Emily Dickinson
exotopy
intertextuality
translation

description: New Voices in Translation Studies, 5, 1, -
An algorithm to calculate the relative orbit, ephemeris, and individual masses of unresolved astrometric binaries
Creators: name: Pérez-Couto, Xabier
name: Docobo, Jose Ángel
name: Campo, Pedro Pablo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The recent Gaia Data Release 3 has unveiled a catalog of over eight hundred thousand binary systems, providing orbital solutions for half of them. Since most of them are unresolved astrometric binaries, several astrophysical parameters that can be only derived from their relative orbits together with spectroscopic data, such as the individual stellar masses, remain unknown. Indeed, only the mass of the primary, m1, and a wide interval, [m2 lower, m2 upper], for the secondary companion of main-sequence astrometric binaries have been derived to date [1]. In order to obtain the correct values for each component, we propose an analytic algorithm to estimate the two most probable relative orbits and magnitude differences of a certain main-sequence or subgiant astrometric binary using all available Gaia data. Subsequently, both possible solutions are constrained to the one that is consistent with m1, m2 lower and m2 upper. Moreover, we deduce not only the correct values of the individual masses for each binary but also the size of the telescope necessary to resolve their components. The workflow of our algorithm is also presented. References: [1] Gaia Collaboration et al. (2023). Gaia Data Release 3: Stellar multiplicity, a teaser for the hidden treasure. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 674, A34, 58pp. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202243782
A Systemic Approach to Translating Style: a comparative study of four Chinese translations of Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea
Creators: name: Ng, Elaine Y. L.
Publisher: name: IATIS and the Centre for Translation and Textual Studies (CTTS) at Dublin City University
Year: 2009
Subjects: corpus-based studies
interdisciplinary approach to translation research
motivations for translation shifts
socio-historical research
systemic linguistics
translation of point of view
translation of the transitivity system
translator’s voice

description: New Voices in Translation Studies, 5, 1, -
The Translator’s Habitus and Shifts: a study on modulations in the Persian translations of Faulkner’s The Sound and The Fury, Go Down Moses and Absalom! Absalom!
Creators: name: Taghavi, Maryam
Publisher: name: IATIS and the Centre for Translation and Textual Studies (CTTS) at Dublin City University
Year: 2009
Subjects: communicative turbulence
context variables
culturalist approaches
habitus
John B. Thompson’s synthetic translation of the concept of habitus
heuristic approaches
shifts in cohesion and shifts of coherence
modulation

description: New Voices in Translation Studies, 5, 1, -
Coronal properties of the luminous radio-quiet quasar QSO B2202$-$209
Creators: name: Kammoun, E. S.
name: Risaliti, G.
name: Stern, D.
name: Jun, H. D.
name: Graham, M.
name: Celotti, A.
name: Behar, E.
name: Elvis, M.
name: Harrison, F. A.
name: Matt, G.
name: Walton, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the joint $XMM$-$Newton$ and $NuSTAR$ observations of the radio-quiet quasar QSO B2202$-$209. Using an optical observation from the Hale Telescope at the Palomar Observatory, we revise the redshift of the source from the previously reported $z=1.77$ to $z=0.532$, and we estimate the mass of the central black hole, $\log (M_{\rm BH}/M_{\odot}) = 9.08 \pm 0.18$. The X-ray spectrum of this source can be well described by a power-law of photon index $Γ= 1.82 \pm 0.05$ with $E_{\rm cut} = 152_{-54}^{+103}\,{\rm keV}$, in the rest frame of the source. Assuming a Comptonisation model, we estimate the coronal temperature to be $kT_{\rm e}=42\pm 3 \,{\rm keV}$ and $kT_{\rm e}= 56 \pm 3\,{\rm keV}$ for a spherical and a slab geometry, respectively. The coronal properties are comparable to the ones derived for local AGN, despite a difference of around one order of magnitude in black hole mass and X-ray luminosity ($L_{2-10} = 1.93\times 10^{45}\,{\rm erg\,s^{-1}}$). The quasar is X-ray loud, with an unusually flat observed optical-to-X-ray spectral slope $α_{\rm OX} = 1.00 \pm 0.02$, and has an exceptionally strong optical [O III] line. Assuming that both the X-ray emission and the [O III] line are isotropic, these two extreme properties can be explained by a nearly edge-on disk, leading to a reduction in the observed UV continuum light.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
A neural network-supported two-stage algorithm for lightweight dereverberation on hearing devices
Creators: name: Lemercier, Jean-Marie
name: Thiemann, Joachim
name: Koning, Raphael
name: Gerkmann, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A two-stage lightweight online dereverberation algorithm for hearing devices is presented in this paper. The approach combines a multi-channel multi-frame linear filter with a single-channel single-frame post-filter. Both components rely on power spectral density (PSD) estimates provided by deep neural networks (DNNs). By deriving new metrics analyzing the dereverberation performance in various time ranges, we confirm that directly optimizing for a criterion at the output of the multi-channel linear filtering stage results in a more efficient dereverberation as compared to placing the criterion at the output of the DNN to optimize the PSD estimation. More concretely, we show that training this stage end-to-end helps further remove the reverberation in the range accessible to the filter, thus increasing the \textit{early-to-moderate} reverberation ratio. We argue and demonstrate that it can then be well combined with a post-filtering stage to efficiently suppress the residual late reverberation, thereby increasing the \textit{early-to-final} reverberation ratio. This proposed two stage procedure is shown to be both very effective in terms of dereverberation performance and computational demands, as compared to e.g. recent state-of-the-art DNN approaches. Furthermore, the proposed two-stage system can be adapted to the needs of different types of hearing-device users by controlling the amount of reduction of early reflections.
description: Accepted for publication in EURASIP Journal on Audio, Speech and Music Processing
Approximating the parallel transport of an induced connection
Creators: name: Harland, Derek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65D99

description: Efficient numerical methods to approximate the parallel transport operators of the induced connection on a sub-bundle of a vector bundle are presented. These methods are simpler than naive applications of a Runge--Kutta algorithm, and have accuracy up to order 4. They have the desirable property of being insensitive to choices of trivialisation of the sub-bundle. The methods were developed in order to solve a problem of computing skyrmions using the Atiyah--Manton--Sutcliffe and Atiyah--Drinfeld--Hitchin--Manin constructions, but are applicable to a broader range of problems in computational geometry.
description: 17 pages
On polyharmonic polynomials
Creators: name: Grzebuła, Hubert
name: Michalik, Sławomir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 31B30, 32A25

description: We study the orthogonal projection of homogeneous polynomials onto the space of homogeneous polyharmonic polynomials. To do this we derive the decomposition of homogeneous polynomials in terms of the Kelvin transform of derivatives of the fundamental solution $|x|^{2-n}$ or $\log |x|$. We consider also the vector bases of the space of homogeneous polyharmonic polynomials and study the problem of convergence of orthogonal series.
description: 22 pages
Comments On "A New Transient Attack On The Kish Key Distribution System"
Creators: name: Kish, Laszlo Bela
name: Granqvist, Claes Goran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A recent IEEE Access Paper by Gunn, Allison and Abbott (GAA) proposed a new transient attack against the Kirchhoff-law-Johnson-noise (KLJN) secure key exchange system. The attack is valid, but it is easy to build a defense for the KLJN system. Here we note that GAA's paper contains several invalid statements regarding security measures and the continuity of functions in classical physics. These deficiencies are clarified in our present paper, wherein we also emphasize that a new version of the KLJN system is immune against all existing attacks, including the one by GAA.
description: Accepted for publication in the journal Metrology and Measurement Systems (May 2016)
Detection and Mitigation of Algorithmic Bias via Predictive Rate Parity
Creators: name: DiCiccio, Cyrus
name: Hsu, Brian
name: Yu, YinYin
name: Nandy, Preetam
name: Basu, Kinjal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Predictive parity (PP), also known as sufficiency, is a core definition of algorithmic fairness essentially stating that model outputs must have the same interpretation of expected outcomes regardless of group. Testing and satisfying PP is especially important in many settings where model scores are interpreted by humans or directly provide access to opportunity, such as healthcare or banking. Solutions for PP violations have primarily been studied through the lens of model calibration. However, we find that existing calibration-based tests and mitigation methods are designed for independent data, which is often not assumable in large-scale applications such as social media or medical testing. In this work, we address this issue by developing a statistically rigorous non-parametric regression based test for PP with dependent observations. We then apply our test to illustrate that PP testing can significantly vary under the two assumptions. Lastly, we provide a mitigation solution to provide a minimally-biased post-processing transformation function to achieve PP.
Instability of Abrikosov lattice due to nonanalytic core reconstruction of vortices in Bosonic superfluids
Creators: name: Klein, Avraham
name: Agam, Oded
name: Aleiner, Igor L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of the non-analytic reconstruction of vortex cores on static vortex structures in weakly coupled superfluids. We show that in rotating two-dimensional systems, the Abrikosov vortex lattice is unstable to vortex core deformation: Each zero of the wave function becomes a cut of finite length. The directors characterizing the orientations of the cuts are themselves ordered in superstructures due either to surface effects or to interaction with shear deformations of the lattice (spiral structure). Similar instability may be also observable in clean superconducting films.
description: 4 pages + 7 pages of Supplementary material
title: Urheberrechte in der digitalen Schule
title: Die neuen urheberrechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen im Praxistest
titleType: Subtitle
title: Copyright in the digital school
title: The new copyright framework in a practical test
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Mäs, Carina
Publisher: name: Trier University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Urheberrecht
subject: Digitale Schule
subject: digitaler Binnenmarkt
subject: Copyright
subject: digital school
subject: Digital Single Market

description: Darf ich Bilder aus dem Internet in meine Materialien einbauen, Musik aktueller Künstler im Unterricht vorführen oder Videos im Unterricht abspielen? – Fragen, die sich in der digitalen Schule tagtäglich stellen, denn im modernen Klassenzimmer ist nahezu jede Mediennutzung urheberrechtlich relevant. Carina Mäs untersucht, wie auf Grundlage der – auf den europäischen Vorgaben der InfoSoc-RL und DSM-RL beruhenden – Unterrichtsschranke § 60a UrhG urheberrechtskonform gelehrt und gelernt werden kann und in welchen Fällen Nutzungshandlungen weiter der Zustimmung der Rechteinhaber bedürfen. Dabei zeigt sie im Lichte der jüngsten Reformen auf, inwieweit die Rahmenbedingungen des Bildungsurheberrechts einer weiteren Anpassung bedürfen.
description: Can I include images from the Internet in my materials, show music by current artists in class, or play videos in class? – These are questions that arise every day in the digital school, because in the modern classroom almost every use of media is relevant under copyright law. Carina Mäs examines how teaching and learning can be carried out in compliance with copyright law on the basis of the teaching restriction § 60a UrhG – which is based on the european requirements of the InfoSoc Directive and DSM Directive - and in which cases acts of use continue to require the consent of the rights holder. In the light of the most recent reforms, she shows to what extent the framework conditions of educational copyright law require further adaption.
Dynamic grain models via fast heuristics for diagram representations
Creators: name: Alpers, Andreas
name: Fiedler, Maximilian
name: Gritzmann, Peter
name: Klemm, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: J.2; I.4
subject: 90, 68

description: The present paper introduces a mathematical model for studying dynamic grain growth. In particular, we show how characteristic measurements, grain volumes, centroids, and central second-order moments at discrete moments in time can be turned quickly into a continuous description of the grain growth process in terms of geometric diagrams (which largely generalize the well-known Voronoi and Laguerre tessellations). We evaluate the computational behavior of our algorithm on real-world data.
description: 21 pages, 4 tables, 6 figures
Electronic structure and magnetism of samarium and neodymium adatoms on free-standing graphene
Creators: name: Kozub, Agnieszka L.
name: Shick, Alexander B.
name: Maca, Frantisek
name: Kolorenc, Jindrich
name: Lichtenstein, Alexander I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic structure of selected rare-earth atoms adsorbed on a free-standing graphene was investigated using methods beyond the conventional density functional theory (DFT+U, DFT+HIA and DFT+ED). The influence of the electron correlations and the spin-orbit coupling on the magnetic properties has been examined. The DFT+U method predicts both atoms to carry local magnetic moments (spin and orbital) contrary to a nonmagnetic $f^6$ ($J=0$) ground-state configuration of Sm in the gas phase. Application of DFT${}+{}$Hubbard-I (HIA) and DFT${}+{}$exact diagonalization (ED) methods cures this problem, and yields a nonmagnetic ground state with six $f$ electrons and $J=0$ for the Sm adatom. Our calculations show that Nd adatom remains magnetic, with four localized $f$ electrons and $J=4.0$. These conclusions could be verified by STM and XAS experiments.
description: REVTeX 4-1, 8 pages, 4 figures
Branching fractions of $B_{(c)}$ decays involving $J/ψ$ and $X(3872)$
Creators: name: Hsiao, Y. K.
name: Geng, C. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two-body $B_{(c)}\to M_c(π,K)$ and semileptonic $B_{c}\to M_c\ell^-\bar ν_\ell$ decays with $M_c=(J/ψ,X_c^0)$, where $X_c^0\equiv X^0(3872)$ is regarded as the tetraquark state of $c\bar cu\bar u(d\bar d)$. With the decay constant $f_{X_c^0}=(234\pm 52)$~MeV determined from the data, we predict that ${\cal B}(B^-\to X_c^0π^-)=(11.5\pm 5.7)\times 10^{-6}$, ${\cal B}(\bar B^0\to X_c^0\bar K^0)=(2.1\pm 1.0)\times 10^{-4}$, and ${\cal B}(\bar B^0_s\to X_c^0\bar K^0)=(11.4\pm 5.6)\times 10^{-6}$. With the form factors in QCD models, we calculate that ${\cal B}(B_c^-\to X_c^0π^-,X_c^0 K^-)=(6.0\pm 2.6)\times 10^{-5}$ and $(4.7\pm 2.0)\times 10^{-6}$, and ${\cal B}(B_c^-\to J/ψμ^-\bar ν_μ, X_c^0 μ^-\bar ν_μ)=(2.3\pm0.6)\times 10^{-2}$ and $(1.35\pm 0.18)\times 10^{-3}$, respectively, and extract the ratio of the fragmentation fractions to be $f_c/f_u=(6.4\pm 1.9)\times 10^{-3}$.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Many-body parametric resonances in the driven sine-Gordon model
Creators: name: Lovas, Izabella
name: Citro, Roberta
name: Demler, Eugene
name: Giamarchi, Thierry
name: Knap, Michael
name: Orignac, Edmond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a quantum many-body variant of the parametric oscillator, by investigating the driven sine-Gordon model with a modulated tunnel coupling via a semi-classical Truncated Wigner Approximation (TWA). We first analyze the parametric resonant regime for driving protocols that retain our model gapped, and compare the TWA to a Time-Dependent Gaussian Variational Ansatz (TGVA). We then turn to a drive which closes the gap, resulting in an enhanced energy absorption. While the TGVA approach breaks down in this regime, we can apply TWA to explore the dynamics of the mode-resolved energy density, and the higher-order correlations between modes in the prethermal heating regime. For weak driving amplitude, we find an exponentially fast energy absorption in the main resonant mode, while the heating of all remaining modes is almost perfectly suppressed on short time scales. At later times, the highly excited main resonance provides effective resonant driving terms for its higher harmonics through the non-linearities in the Hamiltonian, and gives rise to an exponentially fast heating in these particular modes. We capture the strong correlations induced by these resonant processes by evaluating higher order connected correlation functions. Our results can be experimentally probed in ultracold atomic settings, with parallel one-dimensional quasi-condensates in the presence of a modulated tunnel coupling.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures (including appendix), minor edits, discussion in Sec. IVB extended
Entwicklung eines Messsystems zur modalbasierten Schädigungsanalyse von Brückenüberbauten
Creators: name: Kohm, Mareike
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2022
Subjects: Monitoring
Brücken
Operational Modal Analysis
Synchronisation
MEMS Beschleunigungssensoren

description: Brücken sind zentrale Bestandteile von Infrastrukturnetzen, die die Grundvoraussetzung für eine prosperierende Wirtschaft sind. Hinsichtlich der Erhaltungsplanung ist eine fundierte Kenntnis des tatsächlichen Brückenzustandes von hohem Interesse. In dieser Arbeit wird ein modalbasiertes Monitoringsystem entwickelt, welches die subjektiv beeinflusste visuelle Prüfung von Brückenbauwerken gemäß DIN 1076 durch eine objektive sensorgestützte Überwachung ergänzen kann.
Distance, Borders, and Time: The Diffusion and Permeability of Political Violence in North and West Africa
Creators: name: Skillicorn, David
name: Walther, Olivier
name: Zheng, Quan
name: Leuprecht, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: E.1
subject: 91D30

description: This paper explores the spatial and temporal diffusion of political violence in North and West Africa. It does so by endeavoring to represent the mental landscape that lives in the back of a group leader's mind as he contemplates strategic targeting. We assume that this representation is a combination of the physical geography of the target environment, and the mental and physical cost of following a seemingly random pattern of attacks. Focusing on the distance and time between attacks and taking into consideration the transaction costs that state boundaries impose, we wish to understand what constrains a group leader to attack at a location other than the one that would seem to yield the greatest overt payoff. By its very nature, the research problem defies the collection of a full set of structural data. Instead, we leverage functional data from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data project (ACLED) dataset that, inter alia, meticulously catalogues violent extremist incidents in North and West Africa since 1997, to generate a network whose nodes are administrative regions. These nodes are connected by edges of qualitatively different types: undirected edges representing geographic distance, undirected edges representing borders, and directed edges representing consecutive attacks by the same group at the two endpoints. We analyze the resulting network using novel spectral embedding techniques that are able to account fully for the different types of edges. The result is a map of North and West Africa that depicts the permeability to violence. A better understanding of how location, time, and borders condition attacks enables planning, prepositioning, and response.
Entanglement properties of superconducting qubits coupled to a semi-infinite transmission line
Creators: name: Guo, Yangqing
name: Chen, Pingxing
name: Li, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum entanglement, a key resource in quantum information processing, is reduced by interaction between the quantum system concerned and its unavoidable noisy environment. Therefore it is of particular importance to study the dynamical properties of entanglement in open quantum systems. In this work, we mainly focus on two qubits coupled to an adjustable environment, namely a semi-infinite transmission line. The two qubits' relaxations, through individual channels or collective channel or both, can be adjusted by the qubits' transition frequencies. We examine entanglement dynamics in this model system with initial Werner state, and show that the phenomena of entanglement sudden death and revival can be observed. Due to the hardness of preparing the Werner state experimentally, we introduce a new type of entangled state called pseudo-Werner state, which preserves as much entangling property as the Werner state, and more importantly, is experiment friendly. Furthermore, we provide detailed procedures for generating pseudo-Werner state and studying entanglement dynamics with it, which can be straightforwardly implemented in a superconducting waveguide quantum electrodynamics system.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Pairs of MOLS of order ten satisfying non-trivial relations
Creators: name: Gill, Michael J.
name: Wanless, Ian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B15

description: A relation on a $k$-net$(n)$ (or, equivalently, a set of $k-2$ mutually orthogonal Latin squares of order $n$) is an $\mathbb{F}_{2}$ linear dependence within the incidence matrix of the net. Dukes and Howard (2014) showed that any 6-net(10) satisfies at least two non-trivial relations, and classified the relations that could appear in such a net. We find that, up to equivalence, there are $18\,526\,320$ pairs of MOLS satisfying at least one non-trivial relation. None of these pairs extend to a triple. We also rule out one other relation on a set of $3$-MOLS from Dukes and Howard's classification.
Design of DIRK Schemes with High Weak Stage Order
Creators: name: Biswas, Abhijit
name: Ketcheson, David
name: Seibold, Benjamin
name: Shirokoff, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Runge-Kutta (RK) methods may exhibit order reduction when applied to certain stiff problems. While fully implicit RK schemes exist that avoid order reduction via high-stage order, DIRK (diagonally implicit Runge-Kutta) schemes are practically important due to their structural simplicity; however, these cannot possess high stage order. The concept of weak stage order (WSO) can also overcome order reduction, and it is compatible with the DIRK structure. DIRK schemes of WSO up to 3 have been proposed in the past, however, based on a simplified framework that cannot be extended beyond WSO 3. In this work a general theory of WSO is employed to overcome the prior WSO barrier and to construct practically useful high-order DIRK schemes with WSO 4 and above. The resulting DIRK schemes are stiffly accurate, L-stable, have optimized error coefficients, and are demonstrated to perform well on a portfolio of relevant ODE and PDE test problems.
Constraining the mass and redshift evolution of the hydrostatic mass bias using the gas mass fraction in galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Wicker, R.
name: Douspis, M.
name: Salvati, L.
name: Aghanim, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gas mass fraction in galaxy clusters is a convenient probe to use in cosmological studies, as it can help derive constraints on a collection of cosmological parameters. It is however subject to various effects from the baryonic physics inside galaxy clusters, which may bias the obtained cosmological constraints. Among different aspects of the baryonic physics, in this paper we focus on the impact of the hydrostatic equilibrium assumption. We analyse the hydrostatic mass bias $B$, constraining a possible mass and redshift evolution of this quantity and its impact on the cosmological constraints. To that end we consider cluster observations of the {\it Planck}-ESZ sample and evaluate the gas mass fraction using X-ray counterpart observations. We show a degeneracy between the redshift dependence of the bias and cosmological parameters. In particular we find a $3.8 σ$ evidence for a redshift dependence of the bias when assuming a {\it Planck} prior on $Ω_m$. On the other hand, assuming a constant mass bias would lead to the extreme large value of $Ω_m > 0.849$. We however show that our results are entirely dependent on the cluster sample we consider. In particular, the mass and redshift trends that we find for the lowest mass-redshift and highest mass-redshift clusters of our sample are not compatible. Nevertheless, in all the analyses we find a value for the amplitude of the bias that is consistent with $B \sim 0.8$, as expected from hydrodynamical simulations and local measurements, but still in tension with the low value of $B \sim 0.6$ derived from the combination of cosmic microwave background primary anisotropies with cluster number counts.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures, 6 tables. Accepted in A&A. Baryon fraction table available at http://szcluster-db.ias.u-psud.fr and https://byopic.eu/tools_and_data
H-alpha Variability in PTFO8-8695 and the Possible Direct Detection of Emission from a 2 Million Year Old Evaporating Hot Jupiter
Creators: name: Johns-Krull, Christopher M.
name: Prato, Lisa
name: McLane, Jacob N.
name: Ciardi, David R.
name: van Eyken, Julian C.
name: Chen, Wei
name: Stauffer, John R.
name: Beichman, Charles A.
name: Frazier, Sarah A.
name: Boden, Andrew F.
name: Morales-Calderon, Maria
name: Rebull, Luisa M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use high time cadence, high spectral resolution optical observations to detect excess H-alpha emission from the 2 - 3 Myr old weak lined T Tauri star PTFO8-8695. This excess emission appears to move in velocity as expected if it were produced by the suspected planetary companion to this young star. The excess emission is not always present, but when it is, the predicted velocity motion is often observed. We have considered the possibility that the observed excess emission is produced by stellar activity (flares), accretion from a disk, or a planetary companion; we find the planetary companion to be the most likely explanation. If this is the case, the strength of the H-alpha line indicates that the emission comes from an extended volume around the planet, likely fed by mass loss from the planet which is expected to be overflowing its Roche lobe.
description: 41 pages, 10 figures, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal