cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Science|Environment|Health, One Health, Planetary Health, Sustainability, and Education for Sustainable Development: How Do They Connect in Health Teaching?
Creators: name: Heuckmann, Benedikt
name: Zeyer, Albert
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 570 Biology

description: In this paper, we explore Science|Environment|Health, One Health, Planetary Health, and Sustainability/Education for Sustainable Development in the context of the 2030 Agenda as four major frameworks that take a step toward investigating health from different angles to tackle the grand challenges that lie ahead of humanity. In most of these frameworks, the topic of health is no longer limited to the health of humans; it also encompasses the health of ecosystems and planetary systems. Therefore, our ways of teaching and discussing health in science education may need to be adjusted. To this aim, we first shortly characterize the four frameworks and then analyze the concepts of health, the contributing sciences, and the role of values in the frameworks. In our opinion, three main questions have to be settled: (1) Which concept of health lies at the root of each framework? (2) Which sciences should be considered when teaching about health, and what role will they take in an interdisciplinary, integrative approach and under complexity restraints? (3) What is the role of values in these frameworks, and how can the is–ought fallacy be avoided? We finally discuss our findings in light of the concept of two-eyed seeing in science education. This concept helps us disentangle and sharpen the three main questions and draw implications for teaching about health in school science.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
LAMOST Spectroscopic Survey of the Galactic Anti-centre (LSS-GAC): target selection and the first release of value-added catalogues
Creators: name: Yuan, Haibo
name: Liu, Xiaowei
name: Huo, Zhiying
name: Xiang, Maosheng
name: Huang, Yang
name: Chen, Bingqiu
name: Zhang, Huihua
name: Sun, Ningchen
name: Wang, Chun
name: Zhang, Huawei
name: Zhao, Yongheng
name: Luo, Ali
name: Shi, Jianrong
name: Li, Guoping
name: Yuan, Hailong
name: Dong, Yiqiao
name: Li, Guangwei
name: Hou, Yonghui
name: Zhang, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a major component of the LAMOST Galactic surveys, the LAMOST Spectroscopic Survey of the Galactic Anti-centre (LSS-GAC) aims to survey a significant volume of the Galactic thin/thick discs and halo for a contiguous sky area of over 3,400 deg$^2$ centred on the Galactic anti-centre ($|b| \leq 30^{\circ}$, $150 \leq l \leq 210^{\circ}$), and obtain $λλ$3700 -- 9000 low resolution ($R \sim 1,800$) spectra for a statistically complete sample of $\sim 3$\,M stars of all colours down to a limiting magnitued of $r$ $\sim$ 17.8\,mag (to 18.5\,mag for limited fields). Together with Gaia, the LSS-GAC will yield a unique dataset to advance our understanding of the structure and assemblage history of the Galaxy, in particular its disk(s). In addition to the main survey, the LSS-GAC will also target hundreds of thousands objects in the vicinity fields of M\,31 and M\,33 and survey a significant fraction (over a million) of randomly selected very bright stars (VB; $r \le 14$ mag) in the northern hemisphere. During the Pilot and the first year Regular Surveys of LAMOST, a total of 1,042,586 [750,867] spectra of a signal to noise ratio S/N(7450Å) $\ge$ 10 [S/N(4650Å) $\ge$ 10] have been collected. In this paper, we present a detailed description of the target selection algorithm, survey design, observations and the first data release of value-added catalogues (including radial velocities, effective temperatures, surface gravities, metallicities, values of interstellar extinction, distances, proper motions and orbital parameters) of the LSS-GAC.
description: MNRAS accepted, 44 pages, 57 figures, 7 tables
title: The Formation and Age of Leucogranitic Melt in the Garhwal Himalaya
Creators: name: Oldman, Charlie James
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2023

description: Metamorphism during orogenic evolution results in the melting of high-grade metamorphic rocks which dramatically decreases mechanical strength, activates shear zones, and may consequently initiate exhumation. The timescales of anatexis, melt amalgamation, migration, and emplacement are the focus of active research and have critical implications for orogenic tectonic development. It is, therefore, important to recognise and distinguish between the geochemical signatures that these processes create and to delineate more precisely the relevant mechanisms and timescales leading to magma genesis. Granitic bodies and source migmatites are exposed across the Himalaya in the Greater Himalayan Sequence (GHS). Many of these granites formed as high-grade metamorphic rocks and were decompressed during the Miocene. However, exact timings of melt formation and melt mechanisms appear to vary laterally across the orogen. This thesis presents constraints on the melt reactions, sources, and timescales of melting episodes that formed the migmatites and leucogranites of the upper GHS using samples from the Alaknanda valley in the Garhwal Himalaya. Detailed petrography and geochemical characterisation of feldspars, micas, and garnet reveal melt reaction systematics through peritectic crystallisation textures and large-ion lithophile element concentrations. Samples are identified with predominately fluid-present, muscovite-dehydration, and biotite-dehydration melting contributions. Combined zircon and monazite geochronology suggests partial melting occurred over an extended period, from 35 to 14 Ma, with melt production sharply increasing around 25 Ma and reaching its peak at 21 Ma, primarily attributed to muscovite-dehydration. Zircon εHf values show little systematic variation with age, suggesting a geochemically-common source of melt. Successive episodes of melt generation around peak metamorphic conditions likely weakened the mid-crustal GHS, priming it for exhumation and subsequent decompression melting.
Learning with classification and clustering, Neural Networks
Creators: name: D'Souza, Shaun
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80201 Analysis of Algorithms and Complexity
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: Computation Theory and Mathematics
subject: 80704 Information Retrieval and Web Search
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: Information Systems
subject: 80107 Natural Language Processing
subject: 80108 Neural, Evolutionary and Fuzzy Computation

description: Learning with classification and clustering, Neural Networks
Masses and β -Decay Spectroscopy of Neutron-Rich Odd-Odd Eu 160,162 Nuclei: Evidence for a Subshell Gap with Large Deformation at N=98
Creators: name: Sethi, J.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Hoffman, C.R.
name: Burkey, M.T.
name: Hu, C.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Kondev, F.G.
name: Clark, J.A.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Orford, R.
name: Bottoni, S.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Hicks, K.
name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Copp, P.
name: Buchinger, F.
name: Zhang, H.
name: Savard, G.
name: Gorelov, D.A.
name: Zhu, Y.
name: Sharma, K.S.
name: Klimes, J.W.
name: Hartley, D.J.
name: Ayangeakaa, A.D.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2018

description: The structure of deformed neutron-rich nuclei in the rare-earth region is of significant interest for both the astrophysics and nuclear structure fields. At present, a complete explanation for the observed peak in the elemental abundances at A∼160 eludes astrophysicists, and models depend on accurate quantities, such as masses, lifetimes, and branching ratios of deformed neutron-rich nuclei in this region. Unusual nuclear structure effects are also observed, such as the unexpectedly low energies of the first 2+ levels in some even-even nuclei at N=98. In order to address these issues, mass and β-decay spectroscopy measurements of the Eu97160 and Eu99162 nuclei were performed at the Californium Rare Isotope Breeder Upgrade radioactive beam facility at Argonne National Laboratory. Evidence for a gap in the single-particle neutron energies at N=98 and for large deformation (β2∼0.3) is discussed in relation to the unusual phenomena observed at this neutron number.
"Peasants" against the nano?
Creators: name: Majumder, Sarasij
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2009

description: Why do regimes that have been traditionally and ideologically opposed to liberal policies adopt neoliberal policies of industrialization? Why do these regimes not abandon courting the big private investors to set up industries, in spite of popular protests in the villages against acquisition of land for these industries? This dissertation tries to answer the above questions with respect to recent developments in the Indian province of West Bengal, which has been ruled by a democratically elected Marxist government for the last thirty years. These questions have been addressed in the context of China and other Asian economies, which are ruled by authoritarian regimes. The significance of looking at the West Bengal case is that it has a democratically elected regime with a considerable populist credential, especially in terms of undertaking redistributive land reforms in the villages. Thus external pressures of a global and national economy and elitist urge to industrialize are important but inadequate explanations for a parliamentary Marxist regime's adoption of neoliberal industrialization policies. Hence, this dissertation explores citizenship and moral claims on the state based on the self-understanding of the villagers formed within a social field structured as much by democracy, development and land reforms as by transnational influences and forces. I argue that the government’s drive for industrialization and the protests against land acquisition have to be understood within the context of this complex field of social relations and distinctions in the villages that crucially depend upon both land and non-farm employment. By looking at this social field, the dissertation complicates the images of protests and "peasants" which, viewed from afar, appear to be anti-neoliberal, anti-developmental, anti-industrial or anti-globalization. Therefore, this dissertation is also a critical reflection on the "distance" that pervades the urban activists' and state's perceptions and representation of the "rural" and the "peasant".
Neutron knockout from 68,70Ni ground and isomeric states.
Creators: name: Noji, S.
name: Stroberg, S.R.
name: Korichi, A.
name: Crawford, H.L.
name: Suchyta, S.
name: Lunderberg, E.
name: Langer, C.
name: Brown, B.A.
name: Chiara, C.J.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Chen, J.
name: Tostevin, J.A.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Albers, M.
name: Berryman, J.S.
name: Gade, A.
name: Campbell, C.M.
name: Weisshaar, D.
name: Bazin, D.
name: Hoffman, C.R.
name: Prokop, C.
name: Kondev, F.G.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Recchia, F.
name: Baugher, T.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Wimmer, K.
name: Liddick, S.N.
name: Bader, V.M.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2018

description: Neutron-rich isotopes are an important source of new information on nuclear physics. Specifically, the spin-isospin components in the nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction, e.g., the proton-neutron tensor force, are expected to modify shell structure in exotic nuclei. These potential changes in the intrinsic shell structure are of fundamental interest. The study of the excitation energy of states corresponding to specific configurations in even-even isotopes, together with the single-particle character of the first excited states of odd-A, neutron-rich Ni isotopes, probes the evolution of the neutron orbitals around the Fermi surface as a function of the neutron number a step forward in the understanding of the region and the nature of the NN interaction at large N/Z ratios. In an experiment carried out at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory [1], new spectroscopic information was obtained for 68Ni and the distribution of single-particle strengths in 67,69Ni was characterized by means of single-neutron knockout from 68,70Ni secondary beams. The spectroscopic strengths, deduced from the measured partial cross sections to the individual states tagged by their de-exciting gamma rays, is used to identify and quantify configurations that involve neutron excitations across the N = 40 harmonic oscillator shell closure. The de-excitation γ rays were measured with the GRETINA tracking array [2]. The results challenge the validity of the most current shell-model Hamiltonians and effective interactions, highlighting shortcomings that cannot yet be explained. These results suggest that our understanding of the low-energy states in such nuclei is not complete and requires further investigation.
data
Creators: name: D'Souza, Shaun
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80201 Analysis of Algorithms and Complexity
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: Computation Theory and Mathematics
subject: 80704 Information Retrieval and Web Search
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: Information Systems
subject: 80107 Natural Language Processing
subject: 80108 Neural, Evolutionary and Fuzzy Computation

description: Learning with classification and clustering, Neural Networks
Local Operators in the Eternal Black Hole
Creators: name: Papadodimas, Kyriakos
name: Raju, Suvrat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that, in the AdS/CFT correspondence, states obtained by Hamiltonian evolution of the thermofield doubled state are also dual to an eternal black hole geometry, which is glued to the boundary with a time shift generated by a large diffeomorphism. We describe gauge invariant relational observables that probe the black hole interior in these states and constrain their properties using effective field theory. By adapting recent versions of the information paradox we show that these observables are necessarily described by state-dependent bulk-boundary maps, which we construct explicitly.
description: 5 pages
data
Creators: name: D'Souza, Shaun
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80201 Analysis of Algorithms and Complexity
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Applied Computer Science
subject: 80203 Computational Logic and Formal Languages
subject: 80401 Coding and Information Theory
subject: 80403 Data Structures
subject: Information Systems
subject: 80308 Programming Languages

description: book.pdf
SOLIFLY D4.2 - Manufacturability, TRL assessment, TRL step-up and exploitation plan for structural batteries
Creators: name: Steinke, Felix
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The SOLIFLY project is developing two concepts for structural batteries and its integration in composite materials resulting in an innovative hybrid material, which can be employed as energy storage as well as load-bearing structural part of future aircraft. While a TRL 4 is targeted in the SOLIFLY project and development activities are carried out at lab scale, the project was designed to also address potentially upcoming challenges in the technology development after the end of the project. One aspect of this upcoming challenges is the manufacturability of the battery cell concepts at a larger scale, which is crucial to making the technology widely available for industry. This deliverable contains the results of the manufacturability assessment as part of WP4.1 (Airworthiness and manufacturability assessment), which analyses the applicability of state-of-the-art battery cell production to the proposed battery cell concepts. For this, potential production processes for both battery cell concepts (coated carbon fibres (CCF) and reinforced multilayered stack (RMS)) were identified as close as possible related to existing techniques in the SotA battery cell manufacturing followed by an assessment of the transferability of the existing processes. The proposed process steps are visualized as flow diagrams following the colour code: green = process available in battery cell production and high transferability; yellow = process available in battery cell production and low-mid transferability; red = process not available in battery cell production.The manufacturability assessment is complemented by the TRL assessment of the current state of the technologies, a proposed TRL step-up, and an exploitation plan as part of WP4.2 (Ex-post TRL assessment and step-up plan, exploitation plan, and WP4 final workshop).The outcome of the manufacturability assessment was presented at the WP4 workshop and public event on November 20-21, 2023 in Naples, enabling fast transfer of the SOLIFLY results to the public, research, and industry.
Neutron-rich nuclei produced at zero degrees in damped collisions induced by a beam of 18O on a 238U target
Creators: name: Jacquot, B.
name: Franchoo, S.
name: Cieplicka-Oryńczak, N.
name: Verney, D.
name: Ciemala, M.
name: Chbihi, A.
name: Lukyanov, S.M.
name: Calinescu, S.
name: Stanoiu, M.
name: Blumenfeld, Y.
name: Petrone, C.
name: Sorlin, O.
name: Szpak, B.
name: Thomas, J.C.
name: Marini, P.
name: Hammache, F.
name: Karpov, A.V.
name: Kamalou, O.
name: Crespi, F.C.L.
name: Savajols, H.
name: Fornal, B.
name: Naumenko, M.A.
name: Stefan, I.
name: Iskra, Ł.W.
name: Maj, A.
name: Rotaru, F.
name: Matea, I.
name: Tarasov, O.B.
name: Penionzhkevich, Y.E.
name: Ackermann, D.
name: Olivier, L.
name: Maccormick, M.
name: Bednarczyk, P.
name: de Oliveira Santos, F.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Lewitowicz, M.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Portail, C.
name: Leoni, S.
name: Azaiez, F.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2018

description: Cross sections and corresponding momentum distributions have been measured for the first time at zero degrees for the exotic nuclei obtained from a beam of 18O at 8.5 MeV/A impinging on a 1 mg/cm2 238U target. Sizable cross sections were found for the production of exotic species arising from the neutron transfer and proton removal from the projectile. Comparisons of experimental results with calculations based on deep-inelastic reaction models, taking into account the particle evaporation process, indicate that zero degree is a scattering angle at which the differential reaction cross section for production of exotic nuclei is at its maximum. This result is important in view of the new generation of zero degrees spectrometers under construction, such as the S3 separator at GANIL, for example.
Species Identification of Common Native Arctic Mammals in Inuit Fur Clothing Based on Hair Microscopy
Creators: name: Schmidt, Anne Lisbeth
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology

description: Correct material identification is considered essential when documenting museum objects. This study examines the morphology of mammal hair and records the geographical use of common species in Inuit fur clothing collected by the National Museum of Denmark (NMD) from c. 1830–1940 in the Bering Strait region, Alaska, Arctic Canada, and Greenland. Through hair microscopy, the purpose is to test whether original identifications are correct to assess the origin of unique Inuit garments. By means of transmitted light microscopy (TLM) of stained, 1 µm thick cross-sectioned hairs and undyed, longitudinally mounted hairs, the research reveals that specific morphological structures are characteristic of the common native reindeer/caribou, musk ox, members of the seal family, domestic dog, wolf, Arctic fox, polar bear, and wolverine. Rarer animals (hare, lynx, otter, etc.) are not part of this study because of limitations in the collection. Hairs from seal species are difficult to distinguish from one another. Hairs from dog and wolf are distinguishable but have relatively similar morphology. Therefore, to confirm identification, supplementary analyses are required. The hair microscopy technique was used on 49 garments in NMD’s collections, and the results were compared to the original macroscopic species identification. The study revealed that the latter method is often erroneous when it comes to dog/wolf and wolverine fur.
SOLIFLY D4.3 - Technology roadmap for structural batteries
Creators: name: Fulvio, Romano
name: Mercurio, Umberto
name: Pagano, Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This deliverable is the outcome of the work performed in the WP 4.3 “Scalability towards the HEA and technology roadmap” lead by CIRA.It includes assessment of the possible scalability of the structural battery’s concept (developed and demonstrated in WP2 & WP3), with respect to WP1 requirements; analysis of the possible update of the classical building block for the certification of composite structures (EASA AMC 20-29) in presence of structural batteries; definition of the technology roadmap for structural batteries to be applied to the composite structures of future HEA (Hybrid Electric Aircraft), based on SOLIFLY technology.In WP1 the aerospace companies (Piaggio Aerospace, Pipistrel, FACC, Dassault Aviation) of the Advisory Board (AB), with the contributions of CIRA have investigated and shown their current Hybrid Electric aircraft configurations and their studies and perspectives for future HEA, including propulsive and non-propulsive systems e.g., Auxiliary Power Units (APU). In this deliverable, on the same HEA configurations, the effectiveness of the applicability of the SB concepts, developed in the project, is finally analysed.The output of this deliverable has been presented at the WP4 final workshop in the presence of the Advisory Board, enabling fast transfer of the SOLIFLY results to industry.
title: Towards a robust criterion of anomalous diffusion
Creators: name: Sposini, Vittoria
name: Krapf, Diego
name: Marinari, Enzo
name: Sunyer, Raimon
name: Ritort, Felix
name: Taheri, Fereydoon
name: Selhuber-Unkel, Christine
name: Benelli, Rebecca
name: Weiss, Matthias
name: Metzler, Ralf
name: Oshanin, Gleb
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Anomalous-diffusion, the departure of the spreading dynamics of diffusing particles from the traditional law of Brownian-motion, is a signature feature of a large number of complex soft-matter and biological systems. Anomalous-diffusion emerges due to a variety of physical mechanisms, e.g., trapping interactions or the viscoelasticity of the environment. However, sometimes systems dynamics are erroneously claimed to be anomalous, despite the fact that the true motion is Brownian—or vice versa. This ambiguity in establishing whether the dynamics as normal or anomalous can have far-reaching consequences, e.g., in predictions for reaction- or relaxation-laws. Demonstrating that a system exhibits normal- or anomalous-diffusion is highly desirable for a vast host of applications. Here, we present a criterion for anomalous-diffusion based on the method of power-spectral analysis of single trajectories. The robustness of this criterion is studied for trajectories of fractional-Brownian-motion, a ubiquitous stochastic process for the description of anomalous-diffusion, in the presence of two types of measurement errors. In particular, we find that our criterion is very robust for subdiffusion. Various tests on surrogate data in absence or presence of additional positional noise demonstrate the efficacy of this method in practical contexts. Finally, we provide a proof-of-concept based on diverse experiments exhibiting both normal and anomalous-diffusion.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1313
Terminating states in the positive-parity structures of As 67
Creators: name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Freeman, S.J.
name: Lister, C.J.
name: Hausladen, P.A.
name: Wadsworth, R.
name: Balamuth, D.P.
name: Kelsall, N.S.
name: Macchiavelli, A.O.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Svensson, C.E.
name: Fischer, S.M.
name: Clark, R.M.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Ragnarsson, I.
name: Fallon, P.
name: Jenkins, D.G.
name: Ball, G.C.
name: Sarantites, D.G.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2018

description: The energy levels and γ-ray decay scheme of the positive-parity states in the Tz=12 nucleus As67 have been studied by using the Ca40(Ar36,2αp)As67 reaction at a beam energy of 145 MeV. Two new band structures have been identified which can be connected to the previously known levels. The results for these bands are compared with configuration-dependent cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations. The good level of agreement between theory and experiment suggests that these structures can be interpreted in terms of configurations that involve three g92 particles and that both possess noncollective terminating states.
Multiply Degenerate Exceptional Points and Quantum Phase Transitions
Creators: name: Borisov, Denis I.
name: Ruzicka, Frantisek
name: Znojil, Miloslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The realization of a genuine phase transition in quantum mechanics requires that at least one of the Kato's exceptional-point parameters becomes real. A new family of finite-dimensional and time-parametrized quantum-lattice models with such a property is proposed and studied. All of them exhibit, at a real exceptional-point time $t=0$, the Jordan-block spectral degeneracy structure of some of their observables sampled by Hamiltonian $H(t)$ and site-position $Q(t)$. The passes through the critical instant $t=0$ are interpreted as schematic simulations of non-equivalent versions of the Big-Bang-like quantum catastrophes.
description: 17 pp., 7 figures
A JWST NIRSpec Phase Curve for WASP-121b: Dayside Emission Strongest Eastward of the Substellar Point and Nightside Conditions Conducive to Cloud Formation
Creators: name: Mikal-Evans, Thomas
name: Sing, David K.
name: Dong, Jiayin
name: Foreman-Mackey, Daniel
name: Kataria, Tiffany
name: Barstow, Joanna K.
name: Goyal, Jayesh M.
name: Lewis, Nikole K.
name: Lothringer, Joshua D.
name: Mayne, Nathan J.
name: Wakeford, Hannah R.
name: Christie, Duncan A.
name: Rustamkulov, Zafar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first exoplanet phase curve measurement made with the JWST NIRSpec instrument, highlighting the exceptional stability of this newly-commissioned observatory for exoplanet climate studies. The target, WASP-121b, is an ultrahot Jupiter with an orbital period of 30.6 hr. We analyze two broadband light curves generated for the NRS1 and NRS2 detectors, covering wavelength ranges of 2.70-3.72 micron and 3.82-5.15 micron, respectively. Both light curves exhibit minimal systematics, with approximately linear drifts in the baseline flux level of 30 ppm/hr (NRS1) and 10 ppm/hr (NRS2). Assuming a simple brightness map for the planet described by a low-order spherical harmonic dipole, our light curve fits suggest that the phase curve peaks coincide with orbital phases $3.36 \pm 0.11$ deg (NRS1) and $2.66 \pm 0.12$ deg (NRS2) prior to mid-eclipse. This is consistent with the strongest dayside emission emanating from eastward of the substellar point. We measure planet-to-star emission ratios of $3,924 \pm 7$ ppm (NRS1) and $4,924 \pm 9$ ppm (NRS2) for the dayside hemisphere, and $136 \pm 8$ ppm (NRS1) and $630 \pm 10$ ppm (NRS2) for the nightside hemisphere. The latter nightside emission ratios translate to planetary brightness temperatures of $926 \pm 12$ K (NRS1) and $1,122 \pm 10$ K (NRS2), which are low enough for a wide range of refractory condensates to form, including enstatite and forsterite. A nightside cloud deck may be blocking emission from deeper, hotter layers of the atmosphere, potentially helping to explain why cloud-free 3D general circulation model simulations systematically over-predict the nightside emission for WASP-121b.
description: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters on December 29, 2022
The efficiency and the demagnetization field of a general Halbach cylinder
Creators: name: Bjørk, R.
name: Smith, A.
name: Bahl, C. R. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The maximum magnetic efficiency of a general multipole Halbach cylinder of order $p$ is found as function of $p$. The efficiency is shown to decrease for increasing absolute value of $p$. The optimal ratio between the inner and outer radius, i.e. the ratio resulting in the most efficient design, is also found as function of $p$ and is shown to tend towards smaller and smaller magnet sizes. Finally, the demagnetizing field in a general $p$-Halbach cylinder is calculated, and it is shown that demagnetization is largest either at $\cos 2pϕ=1$ or $\cos 2pϕ=-1$. For the common case of a $p=1$ Halbach cylinder the maximum values of the demagnetizing field is either at $ϕ= 0,π$ at the outer radius, where the field is always equal to the remanence, or at $ϕ= \pm π/2$ at the inner radius, where it is the magnitude of the field in the bore. Thus to avoid demagnetization the coercivity of the magnets must be larger than these values.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
MPEC 2023-O124 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2023 July 31)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Discrete Wavelet Transform and Gradient Difference based approach for text localization in videos
Creators: name: Shekar, B. H.
name: L., Smitha M.
name: Shivakumara, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The text detection and localization is important for video analysis and understanding. The scene text in video contains semantic information and thus can contribute significantly to video retrieval and understanding. However, most of the approaches detect scene text in still images or single video frame. Videos differ from images in temporal redundancy. This paper proposes a novel hybrid method to robustly localize the texts in natural scene images and videos based on fusion of discrete wavelet transform and gradient difference. A set of rules and geometric properties have been devised to localize the actual text regions. Then, morphological operation is performed to generate the text regions and finally the connected component analysis is employed to localize the text in a video frame. The experimental results obtained on publicly available standard ICDAR 2003 and Hua dataset illustrate that the proposed method can accurately detect and localize texts of various sizes, fonts and colors. The experimentation on huge collection of video databases reveal the suitability of the proposed method to video databases.
description: Fifth International Conference on Signals and Image Processing, IEEE, DOI 10.1109/ICSIP.2014.50, pp. 280-284, held at BNMIT, Bangalore in January 2014
Estimating effects of mutations to SARS-CoV-2 proteins from natural sequences
Creators: name: Bloom, Jesse
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: AViDD
Antiviral Drug Discovery
Antiviral Drug Discovery Open Science Forum
AViDD Open Science Forum
Open Science Forum
open science

description: This is Jesse Bloom's presentation at the monthly [virtual] Antiviral Drug Discovery (AViDD) Open Science Forum on 2023 February 15. You can find a recording of their talk on the AViDD Open Science Forum Youtube page. Jesse Bloom is a part of the ASAP Discovery Consortium. Interactive slides: https://slides.com/jbloom/sars2-mut-fitness Interactive data browser: https://jbloomlab.github.io/SARS2-mut-fitness/ Preprint: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.01.30.526314v1
Hydraulic effects in a radiative atmosphere with ionization
Creators: name: Bhat, Pallavi
name: Brandenburg, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a paper of 1978, Eugene Parker postulated the need for hydraulic downward motion to explain magnetic flux concentrations at the solar surface. A similar process has recently also been seen in simplified (e.g., isothermal) models of flux concentrations from the negative effective magnetic pressure instability. We study the effects of partial ionization near the radiative surface on the formation of such magnetic flux concentrations. We first obtain one-dimensional (1D) equilibrium solutions using either a Kramers-like opacity or the ${\rm H}^{-}$ opacity. The resulting atmospheres are then used as initial conditions in two-dimensional (2D) models where flows are driven by an imposed gradient force resembling a localized negative pressure in the form of a blob. To isolate the effects of partial ionization and radiation, we ignore turbulence and convection. In 1D models, due to partial ionization, an unstable stratification forms always near the surface. We show that the extrema in the specific entropy profiles correspond to the extrema in degree of ionization. In the 2D models without partial ionization, flux concentrations form close to the height where the blob is placed. In models with partial ionization, such flux concentrations form at the surface much above the blob. This is due to the corresponding unstable layer in specific entropy. With ${\rm H}^{-}$ opacity, flux concentrations are weaker due to the stably stratified deeper parts. We demonstrate that, together with density stratification, the imposed source of negative pressure drives the formation of flux concentrations. We find that the inclusion of partial ionization affects entropy profiles causing the strong flux concentrations to form closer to the surface. We speculate that turbulence is needed to limit the strength of flux concentrations and homogenize the specific entropy to a more nearly marginal stratification.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures, submitted to A&A
Two-neutron and core-excited states in Pb 210: Tracing E3 collectivity and evidence for a new β -decaying isomer in Tl 210
Creators: name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Brown, B.A.
name: Fornal, B.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Lane, G.J.
name: Wrzesiński, J.
name: Iskra, A.W.
name: Walters, W.B.
name: Chiara, C.J.
name: Broda, R.
name: Kondev, F.G.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Hoffman, C.R.
name: Podolyák, Z.
name: Cieplicka-Oryńczak, N.
name: Zhu, S.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2018

description: Yrast and near-yrast levels up to an I=17 spin value and a 6-MeV excitation energy have been delineated in the "two-neutron" Pb210 nucleus following deep-inelastic reactions involving Pb208 targets and a number of heavy-ion beams at energies ∼25% above the Coulomb barrier. The level scheme was established on the basis of multifold prompt and delayed coincidence relationships measured with the Gammasphere array. In addition to the previously known states, many new levels were identified. For most of the strongly populated states, spin-parity assignments are proposed on the basis of angular distributions. The reinvestigation of the ν(g9/2)2, 8+ isomeric decay results in the firm identification of the low-energy E2 transitions involved in the 8+→6+→4+ cascade, and in a revised 6+ level half-life of 92(10) ns, nearly a factor of 2 longer than previously measured. Among the newly identified states figure spin I=4-10 levels associated with the νg9/2i11/2 multiplet, as well as yrast states involving νg9/2j15/2, νi11/2j15/2, and ν(j15/2)2 neutron couplings. The highest-spin excitations are understood as 1p-1h core excitations and the yrast population is found to be fragmented to the extent that levels of spin higher than I=17 could not be reached. Four E3 transitions are present in the Pb210 yrast decay; three of these involve the g9/2→j15/2 octupole component, as reflected in the 21(2) and >10 Weisskopf unit enhancements of the B(E3) rates of the first two. The fourth, 16+→13-E3 transition corresponds to the 3- core octupole excitation built on the νi11/2j15/2 state, in analogy to a similar E3 coupling to the νj15/2 level in Pb209. Shell-model calculations performed for two-neutron states and 1p-1h Pb208 core excitations are in good agreement with the data. Evidence was found for the existence of a hitherto unknown high-spin β-decaying isomer in Tl210. Shell-model calculations of the Tl210 levels suggest the possibility of a 11+ long-lived, β-decaying state, and the delayed yields observed in various reactions fit rather well with a Tl210 assignment.
Comparing the Sensitivity of the MMPI-2 Clinical Scales and the MMPI-RC Scales to Clients Rated as Psychotic, Borderline or Neurotic on the Psychodiagnostic Chart
Creators: name: Gordon, Robert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Counselling psychology
Clinical and health psychology not elsewhere classified

description: The purpose of this study was to assess the differences between the MMPI-2 and the MMPI-RC scales in sensitivity to levels of psychopathology. Ninety-eight clients from forensic, disability and psychotherapy evaluations were evaluated on the MMPI-2 and RC scales and rated for personality organization (neurotic, borderline or psychotic) on the Psychodiagnostic Chart. The results over-all showed support that most of the MMPI-2 scales have more clinical sensitivity than the RC scales at all levels of psychopathology and particularly at the less pathological levels. K correction does not account for the elevation differences. Most of the RC scales add little to no incremental validity to the MMPI-2 Clinical scales except for RC 1, RC 2, and RC 9 and these may be used as supplemental scales.
Cross-shell excitations in Si 31
Creators: name: Kravvaris, K.
name: Tripathi, V.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Paschalis, S.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Macchiavelli, A.O.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Tai, P.-L.
name: Lubna, R.S.
name: Fallon, P.
name: Petri, M.
name: Reviol, W.
name: Sarantites, D.G.
name: Bender, P.C.
name: McCutchan, E.A.
name: Volya, A.
name: Clark, R.M.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Tabor, S.L.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2017

description: The Si31 nucleus was produced through the O18(O18, αn) fusion-evaporation reaction at Elab=24MeV. Evaporated α particles from the reaction were detected and identified in the Microball detector array for channel selection. Multiple γ-ray coincidence events were detected in Gammasphere. The energy and angle information for the α particles was used to determine the Si31 recoil kinematics on an event-by-event basis for a more accurate Doppler correction. A total of 22 new states and 52 new γ transitions were observed, including 14 from states above the neutron separation energy. The positive-parity states predicted by the shell-model calculations in the sd model space agree well with experiment. The negative-parity states were compared with shell-model calculations in the psdpf model space with some variations in the N=20 shell gap. The best agreement was found with a shell gap intermediate between that originally used for A≈20 nuclei and that previously adapted for P32,34. This variation suggests the need for a more universal cross-shell interaction.
Additional file 1 of Physical activity and functional social support in community-dwelling older adults: a scoping review
Creators: name: Steinhoff, Paula
name: Reiner, Amelie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
The detection of heavy metals in the circumstellar envelopes of post-AGB stars
Creators: name: Klochkova, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new type of peculiarity -- a splitting or asymmetry of strong absorption lines, is found in the optical spectra of selected post-AGB stars with C-rich circumstellar envelopes. The effect is maximal in BaII lines whose profile is split into two-three components. The particular components of the split absorption lines are shown to be formed in a structured circumstellar envelope, suggesting an efficient dredge-up of the heavy metals produced during the preceding evolution of this star into the envelope. We suspect that the splitting (or asymmetry) of the profiles of strongest absorptions with low excitation potential of the low level can be associated with the kinematic and chemical properties of the circumstellar environment and with type of its morphology.
description: 14 pages, 2 tables, 4 fifures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1408.0599
Bus stops and crime
Creators: name: Yu, Sung-Suk Violet
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2009

description: Mass transit is often thought to be dangerous, eliciting concerns for personal security when waiting for and traveling on mass transit. One of the first steps in preventing crime in mass transit environments is to obtain accurate figures of crime. There are two mechanisms linking mass transit to crime: extension of offenders’ journey-to-crime and development of crime attractors and generators. The first mechanism has been tested by comparing crime patterns when a new light rail system was expanded into new areas; these studies reported that new transit systems do not change crime patterns. Testing the second mechanism, whether mass transit enhances crime opportunities in the neighborhoods by attracting targets and offenders alike, however, faces more challenges; testing the impact of small places on larger areas such as transit stations on crime is fraught with difficulties due to the interactions with their surrounding environments. These difficulties are even more relevant for bus stops located without clear demarcation or controlled access.Using frameworks of routine activity, crime pattern, and rational choice theories, the present study set out to investigate the relationships between bus stops and crime using Newark, New Jersey as the study area. To delineate the impact of bus stops on their surroundings from other possible covariates, the existence of commercial activities in the areas was also examined. The present research study examined five crime types: robbery, aggravated assault, motor vehicle theft, theft from motor vehicle, and burglary.To better understand the impacts of spatial aspects of the data, several data analyses methods were utilized. First, the study examined the magnitude and structure of spatial dependence in the data. Second, spatial process models were performed and compared with the OLS regression results to examine the impacts of spatial aspects on the regression results. Third, to address non-normality and spatial dependence of the data, the count response model was run by adding spatial lag as one of the predictors.The data analysis results showed that both bus stops and commercial establishments were associated with increased crime in the neighborhoods. Among the business types, some of them displayed more robust relationships than others. For instance, the category of food store was almost always significant to increased crime whereas banks were not statistically significant across crime types and regression methods.Considering the fact that fear of crime plays a strong role as actual risk of crime in making travel decisions, it is suggested that the physical and social incivilities should be analyzed by performing an environmental survey using case-control design. In addition, future research should incorporate both short-term and long-term temporal analysis.
Universal spectral correlations in ensembles of random normal matrices
Creators: name: Prakash, Ravi
name: Pandey, Akhilesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider non-gaussian ensembles of random normal matrices with the constraint that the ensembles are invariant under unitary transformations. We show that the level density of eigenvalues exhibits disk to ring transition in the complex plane. We also show that the n-eigenvalue correlation and the spacing distribution are universal and identical to that of complex (Gaussian) Ginibre ensemble. Our results are confirmed by Monte Carlo calculations. We verify the universality for dissipative quantum kicked rotor system.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Stationary discrete solitons in circuit QED
Creators: name: Naether, Uta
name: Quijandría, Fernando
name: García-Ripoll, Juan José
name: Zueco, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that stationary localized solutions (discrete solitons) exist in a one dimensional Bose-Hubbard lattices with gain and loss in the semiclassical regime. Stationary solutions, by defi- nition, are robust and do not demand for state preparation. Losses, unavoidable in experiments, are not a drawback, but a necessary ingredient for these modes to exist. The semiclassical calculations are complemented with their classical limit and dynamics based on a Gutzwiller Ansatz. We argue that circuit QED architectures are ideal platforms for realizing the physics developed here. Finally, within the input-output formalism, we explain how to experimentally access the different phases, including the solitons, of the chain.
description: 10 pages including appendix, 7 figures
First identification of excited states in Ba 117 using the recoil- β -delayed proton tagging technique
Creators: name: Shergur, J.
name: Zhang, W.Q.
name: Sun, M.D.
name: Yang, J.
name: Huang, T.H.
name: Davids, C.N.
name: Woods, P.J.
name: Lu, H.Y.
name: Ding, B.
name: Wang, J.G.
name: Liu, H.L.
name: Wang, H.L.
name: Tang, X.D.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Page, R.D.
name: Liu, Z.
name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Sinha, S.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Davinson, T.
name: Robinson, A.P.
name: Liu, X.Y.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2017

description: Excited states have been observed for the first time in the neutron-deficient nucleus Ba117 using the recoil-decay tagging technique following the heavy-ion fusion-evaporation reaction Zn64(Ni58, 2p3n)Ba117. Prompt γ rays have been assigned to Ba117 through correlations with β-delayed protons following the decay of A=117 recoils. Through the analysis of the γ-γ coincidence relationships, a high-spin level scheme consisting of two bands has been established in Ba117. Based on the systematics of the level spacings in the neighboring barium isotopes, the two bands are proposed to have νh11/2[532]5/2- and νd5/2[413]5/2+ configurations, respectively. The observed band-crossing properties are interpreted in the framework of cranked shell model.