cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Non-Markovian property of afterpulsing effect in single-photon avalanche detector
Creators: name: Wang, Fang-Xiang
name: Chen, Wei
name: Li, Ya-Ping
name: He, De-Yong
name: Wang, Chao
name: Han, Yun-Guang
name: Wang, Shuang
name: Yin, Zhen-Qiang
name: Han, Zheng-Fu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The single-photon avalanche photodiode(SPAD) has been widely used in research on quantum optics. The afterpulsing effect, which is an intrinsic character of SPAD, affects the system performance in most experiments and needs to be carefully handled. For a long time, afterpulsing has been presumed to be determined by the pre-ignition avalanche. We studied the afterpulsing effect of a commercial InGaAs/InP SPAD (The avalanche photodiode model is: Princeton Lightwave PGA-300) and demonstrated that its afterpulsing is non-Markovian, with a memory effect in the avalanching history. Theoretical analysis and experimental results clearly indicate that the embodiment of this memory effect is the afterpulsing probability, which increases as the number of ignition-avalanche pulses increase. This conclusion makes the principle of the afterpulsing effect clearer and is instructive to the manufacturing processes and afterpulsing evaluation of high-count-rate SPADs. It can also be regarded as a fundamental premise to handle the afterpulsing signals in many applications, such as quantum communication and quantum random number generation.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1603.02360
Braking Index of Isolated Pulsars II: A novel two-dipole model of pulsar magnetism
Creators: name: Hamil, Oliver Q.
name: Stone, Nick J.
name: Stone, Jirina R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic dipole radiation (MDR) model is currently the best approach we have to explain pulsar radiation. However a most characteristic parameter of the observed radiation, the braking index n$_{\rm obs}$ shows deviations for all the eight best studied isolated pulsars, from the simple model prediction n$_{\rm dip}$ = 3. The index depends upon the rotational frequency and its first and second time derivatives, but also on the assumption of that the magnetic dipole moment and inclination angle, and the moment of inertia of the pulsar are constant in time. In a recent paper [Phys. Rev. D 91, 063007 (2015)] we showed conclusively that changes in the moment of inertia with frequency alone, cannot explain the observed braking indices. Possible observational evidence for the magnetic dipole moment migrating away from the rotational axis at a rate $\dotα$ $\sim$ 0.6$^{\circ}$ per 100 years over the life time of the Crab pulsar has been recently suggested by Lyne et al. In this paper, we explore the MDR model with constant moment of inertia and magnetic dipole moment but variable inclination angle $α$. We first discuss the effect of the variation of $α$ on the observed braking indices and show they all can be understood. However, no explanation for the origin of the change in $α$ is provided. After discussion of the possible source(s) of magnetism in pulsars we propose a simple mechanism for the change in $α$ based on a toy model in which the magnetic structure in pulsars consists of two interacting dipoles. We show that such a system can explain the Crab observation and the measured braking indices.
description: Pre-print: 17 pages, 4 figures
ASSISTÊNCIA DE ENFERMAGEM FRENTE ÀS VÍTIMAS DE VIOLÊNCIA DOMÉSTICA CONTRA A MULHER
Creators: name: Araújo, Geovana Fernanda Do Nascimento
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Violência contra à mulher; Violência de gênero; Violência doméstica.

description: Revisão sistemática de literatura com carácter descritivo, objetivando descrever a importância da assistência de Enfermagem frente às vítimas de violência doméstica contra a mulher. A busca foi realizada na Scielo, utilizando os descritores: “Violência contra à Mulher”, “Violência de gênero” e “Violência Doméstica”. Efetuou-se a busca em abril de 2021, e foram incluídos apenas estudos na íntegra, no período de 2017 a 2021, excluindo os duplicados e os que fugiam do propósito do estudo. Deste modo, resultou em 780 artigos, que decresceu-se para 318 e apenas 3, que realmente condiziam com a temática, compuseram a amostra final. Evidenciou- se a grande relevância do enfermeiro voltada para um olhar sensibilizado e integral para reconhecer o outro enquanto protagonista de seu cuidado, atender as mulheres vítimas e detectar precocemente sinais de violência doméstica nas consultas. Portanto, é fundamental a capacitação dos enfermeiros para lidar adequadamente com essa situação.
Generation and cessation of oscillations: Interplay of excitability and dispersal in a class of ecosystem
Creators: name: Arumugam, Ramesh
name: Banerjee, Tanmoy
name: Dutta, Partha Sharathi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the complex spatiotemporal dynamics of an ecological network with species dispersal mediated via a mean-field coupling. The local dynamics of the network are governed by the Truscott--Brindley model, which is an important ecological model showing excitability. Our results focus on the interplay of excitability and dispersal by always considering that the individual nodes are in their (excitable) steady states. In contrast to the previous studies, we not only observe the dispersal induced generation of oscillation but we also report two distinct mechanisms of cessation of oscillations, namely amplitude and oscillation death. We show that, the dispersal between the nodes influences the intrinsic dynamics of the system resulting multiple oscillatory dynamics such as period-1 and period-2 limit cycles. We also show the existence of multi-cluster states which has much relevance and importance in ecology.
A renewable power system for an off-grid sustainable telescope fueled by solar power, batteries and green hydrogen
Creators: name: Viole, Isabelle
name: Valenzuela-Venegas, Guillermo
name: Zeyringer, Marianne
name: Sartori, Sabrina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 90B90

description: A large portion of astronomy's carbon footprint stems from fossil fuels supplying the power demand of astronomical observatories. Here, we explore various isolated low-carbon power system setups for the newly planned Atacama Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope, and compare them to a business-as-usual diesel power generated system. Technologies included in the designed systems are photovoltaics, concentrated solar power, diesel generators, batteries, and hydrogen storage. We adapt the electricity system optimization model highRES to this case study and feed it with the telescope's projected energy demand, cost assumptions for the year 2030 and site-specific capacity factors. Our results show that the lowest-cost system with LCOEs of $116/MWh majorly uses photovoltaics paired with batteries and fuel cells running on imported and on-site produced green hydrogen. Some diesel generators run for backup. This solution would reduce the telescope's power-side carbon footprint by 95% compared to the business-as-usual case.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Large Spin Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Alday, Luis F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider conformal field theories around points of large twist degeneracy. Examples of this are theories with weakly broken higher spin symmetry and perturbations around generalised free fields. At the degenerate point we introduce twist conformal blocks. These are eigenfunctions of certain quartic operators and encode the contribution, to a given four-point correlator, of the whole tower of intermediate operators with a given twist. As we perturb around the degenerate point, the twist degeneracy is lifted. In many situations this breaking is controlled by inverse powers of the spin. In such cases the twist conformal blocks can be decomposed into a sequence of functions which we systematically construct. Decomposing the four-point correlator in this basis turns crossing symmetry into an algebraic problem. Our method can be applied to a wide spectrum of conformal field theories in any number of dimensions and at any order in the breaking parameter. As an example, we compute the spectrum of various theories around generalised free fields. For theories with higher spin symmetry we discuss the relation between twist conformal blocks and higher spin conformal blocks.
description: 8 pages
Multi-view Graph Convolutional Networks with Differentiable Node Selection
Creators: name: Chen, Zhaoliang
name: Fu, Lele
name: Xiao, Shunxin
name: Wang, Shiping
name: Plant, Claudia
name: Guo, Wenzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-view data containing complementary and consensus information can facilitate representation learning by exploiting the intact integration of multi-view features. Because most objects in real world often have underlying connections, organizing multi-view data as heterogeneous graphs is beneficial to extracting latent information among different objects. Due to the powerful capability to gather information of neighborhood nodes, in this paper, we apply Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) to cope with heterogeneous-graph data originating from multi-view data, which is still under-explored in the field of GCN. In order to improve the quality of network topology and alleviate the interference of noises yielded by graph fusion, some methods undertake sorting operations before the graph convolution procedure. These GCN-based methods generally sort and select the most confident neighborhood nodes for each vertex, such as picking the top-k nodes according to pre-defined confidence values. Nonetheless, this is problematic due to the non-differentiable sorting operators and inflexible graph embedding learning, which may result in blocked gradient computations and undesired performance. To cope with these issues, we propose a joint framework dubbed Multi-view Graph Convolutional Network with Differentiable Node Selection (MGCN-DNS), which is constituted of an adaptive graph fusion layer, a graph learning module and a differentiable node selection schema. MGCN-DNS accepts multi-channel graph-structural data as inputs and aims to learn more robust graph fusion through a differentiable neural network. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by rigorous comparisons with considerable state-of-the-art approaches in terms of multi-view semi-supervised classification tasks.
Surpassing spectator qubits with photonic modes and continuous measurement for Heisenberg-limited noise mitigation
Creators: name: Lingenfelter, Andrew
name: Clerk, Aashish A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noise is an ever-present challenge to the creation and preservation of fragile quantum states. Recent work suggests that spatial noise correlations can be harnessed as a resource for noise mitigation via the use of spectator qubits to measure environmental noise. In this work we generalize this concept from spectator qubits to a spectator mode: a photonic mode which continuously measures spatially correlated classical dephasing noise and applies a continuous correction drive to frequency-tunable data qubits. Our analysis shows that by using many photon states, spectator modes can surpass many of the quantum measurement constraints that limit spectator qubit approaches. We also find that long-time data qubit dephasing can be arbitrarily suppressed, even for white noise dephasing. Further, using a squeezing (parametric) drive, the error in the spectator mode approach can exhibit Heisenberg-limited scaling in the number of photons used. We also show that spectator mode noise mitigation can be implemented completely autonomously using engineered dissipation. In this case no explicit measurement or processing of a classical measurement record is needed. Our work establishes spectator modes as a potentially powerful alternative to spectator qubits for noise mitigation.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, equivalent to the published version
High-order harmonic generation in polyatomic molecules induced by a bicircular laser field
Creators: name: Odžak, Senad
name: Hasović, Elvedin
name: Milošević, Dejan B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-order harmonic generation by a bicircular field, which consists of two coplanar counter-rotating circularly polarized fields of frequency $rω$ and $sω$ ($r$ and $s$ are integers), is investigated for a polyatomic molecule. This field possesses dynamical symmetry, which can be adjusted to the symmetry of the molecular Hamiltonian and used to investigate the molecular symmetry. For polyatomic molecules having the $C_{r+s}$ symmetry only the harmonics $n=q(r+s)\pm r$, $q=1,2,\ldots$, are emitted having the ellipticity $\varepsilon_n=\pm 1$. We illustrate this using the example of the planar molecules BH$_3$ and BF$_3$, which obey the $C_3$ symmetry. We show that for the BF$_3$ molecule, similarly to atoms with a $p$ ground state, there is a strong asymmetry in the emission of high harmonics with opposite helicities. This asymmetry depends on the molecular orientation.
Harmonic (Quantum) Neural Networks
Creators: name: Ghosh, Atiyo
name: Gentile, Antonio A.
name: Dagrada, Mario
name: Lee, Chul
name: Kim, Seong-Hyok
name: Cha, Hyukgeun
name: Choi, Yunjun
name: Kim, Brad
name: Kye, Jeong-Il
name: Elfving, Vincent E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Harmonic functions are abundant in nature, appearing in limiting cases of Maxwell's, Navier-Stokes equations, the heat and the wave equation. Consequently, there are many applications of harmonic functions from industrial process optimisation to robotic path planning and the calculation of first exit times of random walks. Despite their ubiquity and relevance, there have been few attempts to incorporate inductive biases towards harmonic functions in machine learning contexts. In this work, we demonstrate effective means of representing harmonic functions in neural networks and extend such results also to quantum neural networks to demonstrate the generality of our approach. We benchmark our approaches against (quantum) physics-informed neural networks, where we show favourable performance.
description: 12 pages (main), 7 pages (supplementary), 7 figures
Holographic Topological Insulator
Creators: name: Lee, Ching Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This research highlight (originally published at http://www.ntu.edu.sg/ias/newsletters/Documents/APPN/APPNv5n2May2016-lowres.pdf) introduces recent developments in Topological Insulators and Holography, and provides an overview of how one can construct a holographic bulk topological insulator from a boundary Chern insulator with small gap.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Fermi energy determination for advanced smearing techniques
Creators: name: Santos, Flaviano José dos
name: Marzari, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Smearing techniques are widely used in first-principles calculations of metallic and magnetic materials, where they improve the accuracy of Brillouin zone sampling and lessen the impact of level-crossing instabilities. Smearing introduces a fictitious electronic temperature that smooths the discontinuities of the integrands; consequently, a corresponding fictitious entropic term arises, and needs to be considered in the total free energy functional. Advanced smearing techniques -- such as Methfessel-Paxton and cold smearing -- have been introduced to guarantee that the system's total free energy remains independent of the smearing temperature at least up to the second order. In doing so, they give rise to non-monotonic occupation functions (and, for Methfessel-Paxton, non-positive definite), which can result in the chemical potential not being uniquely defined. We explore this shortcoming in detail and introduce a numerical protocol utilizing Newton's minimization method that is able to identify the desired Fermi energy. We validate the method by calculating the Fermi energy of $\sim$20,000 materials and comparing it with the results of standard bisection approaches. In passing, we also highlight how traditional approaches, based on Fermi-Dirac or Gaussian smearing, are actually equivalent for all practical purposes, provided the smearing width is appropriately renormalized by a factor $\sim$2.565.
description: 8 figures
Reseña. Pensar los derechos sociales como el centro de los derechos humanos.
Creators: name: Cantú Sanders, Gerardo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: El texto compendia catorce ensayos en los que se actualiza la discusión angloparlante de derechos humanos, haciendo énfasis en los sociales. Con el objetivo de promover el acceso social con dignidad, ofrecen argumentos para que tanto personas como sociedades y políticas, ganen responsabilidad en sentido kantiano. Esta discusión se realiza con el trasfondo de los aportes de la tradición crítica en las voces de James Nickel, Amartya Sen, Martha Nussbaum y, por supuesto, Rawls. En específico, son centrales los aportes de Henry Shue, sobre los derechos básicos, y, de Kimberley Brownlee, sobre el derecho humano contra la exclusión social. En este sentido, podemos decir que actualizan el debate y permiten ganar comprensión de la complejidad y de los desafíos que supone centrarse en los derechos sociales.
Production of relic gravitational waves and the baryon asymmetry of the universe by random hypermagnetic fields
Creators: name: Dvornikov, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of hypermagnetic fields (HMFs) in random plasma in the symmetric phase of the early universe. The system of kinetic equations for the spectra of the energy density and the helicity, as well as the particles asymmetries is derived. We also formulate the initial condition which involve the Kazantsev and Kolmogorov spectra of the seed HMFs. This system is solved numerically. We predict the energy spectrum of primeval gravitational waves which are produced by these HMFs. Additionally, the baryon asymmetry of the universe, generated by the lepton asymmetries, is obtained. These results allow us to constrain the strength of seed HMFs.
description: 10 pages in LaTeX2e, 6 eps figures; contribution to proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Particle Physics and Astrophysics (November 29 - December 2, 2022, Moscow, Russia); minimal changes in the text; to be published in Phys.Atom.Nucl
Transforming Healthcare “From Quality to Value” through Applied Learning Pedagogy and Transformational Learning Philosophy
Creators: name: Gundena A Villanueva, Genedine
name: Xue, Lishan
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2022
Subjects: Curriculum and pedagogy theory and development

description: The Singapore healthcare system is undergoing a three pronged major transformation in response to its demographic and epidemiologic changes: (1) Beyond Healthcare to Health (to help and support Singaporeans live healthier lives); (2) Beyond Hospital to Community (so Singaporeans can receive care in the community and nearer to home); and (3) Beyond Quality to Value (to ensure that our healthcare system is effective in providing Singaporeans with good care, at affordable costs and in a sustainable way). To prepare our students to contribute to these transformations one of the modules nursing students undertake under the Singapore Institute of Technology-University of Glasgow (SIT-UoG) Bachelor of Science with Honours in Nursing is NUR 1006 Health Innovation and Informatics. The aim of this module is to develop the innovation skills of students to transform the Singapore health care system “beyond quality to value”. To meet this aim, a “design thinking” and “lean thinking” innovation approach to business process management and evidence-based practice in health care was taught over 36 hours of face-to-face teaching and 80 hours of applied learning through industrial attachment in healthcare organisations.
On integral cohomology algebra of some oriented Grassmann manifolds
Creators: name: Jovanović, Milica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The integral cohomology algebra of $\widetilde G_{6,3}$ has been determined in the recent work of Kalafat and Yalçinkaya. We completely determine the integral cohomology algebra of $\widetilde G_{n,3}$ for $n=8$ and $n=10$. The main method used to describe these algebras is the Leray-Serre spectral sequence. We also illustrate this method by determining the integral cohomology algebra of $\widetilde G_{n,2}$ for $n$ odd.
description: 19 pages
The Asymptotic Weak Gravity Conjecture in M-theory
Creators: name: Cota, Cesar Fierro
name: Mininno, Alessandro
name: Weigand, Timo
name: Wiesner, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tower Weak Gravity Conjecture predicts infinitely many super-extremal states along every ray in the charge lattice of a consistent quantum gravity theory. We show this far-reaching claim in five-dimensional compactifications of M-theory on Calabi--Yau 3-folds for gauge groups with a weak coupling limit. We first characterize the possible weak coupling limits, building on an earlier classification of infinite distance limits in the Kähler moduli space of M-theory compactifications. We find that weakly coupled gauge groups are associated to curves on the compactification space contained in generic fibers or in fibers degenerating at finite distance in their moduli space. These always admit an interpretation as a Kaluza--Klein or winding U$(1)$ in a dual frame or as part of a dual perturbative heterotic gauge group, in agreement with the Emergent String Conjecture. Using the connection between Donaldson--Thomas invariants and Noether--Lefschetz theory, we then show that every ray in the associated charge lattice either supports a tower of BPS states or of non-BPS states, and prove that these satisfy the super-extremality condition, at least in the weak coupling regime.
description: v3: Added references, JHEP accepted, 50 pages
Intrinsically Interacting Higher-Order Topological Superconductors
Creators: name: Zhang, Hao-Ran
name: Zhang, Jian-Hao
name: Gu, Zheng-Cheng
name: Zhang, Rui-Xing
name: Yang, Shuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a minimal interacting lattice model for two-dimensional class-$D$ higher-order topological superconductors with no free-fermion counterpart. A Lieb-Schultz-Mattis-type constraint is proposed and applied to guide our lattice model construction. Our model exhibits a trivial product ground state in the weakly interacting regime, whereas, increasing electron interactions provoke a novel topological quantum phase transition to a $D_4$-symmetric higher-order topological superconducting state. The symmetry-protected Majorana corner modes are numerically confirmed with the matrix-product-state technique. Our theory paves the way for studying interacting higher-order topology with explicit lattice model constructions.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Mass spectra of doubly heavy tetraquarks in diquark-antidiquark picture
Creators: name: Song, YongXin
name: Jia, Duojie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by recent observation of the first doubly charmed tetraquark $T_{cc}$, we apply linear Regge relation and mass scaling to study low-lying mass spectra of the doubly heavy tetraquark in heavy-diquark-light-antidiquark picture. The measured data and other compatible estimates of ground-state masses of doubly heavy baryons are employed to evaluate masses of heavy diquark $M_{QQ}$ ($Q=c,b$) and the $D/D_{s}$ meson masses are used in mass scaling to determine the hyperfine mass splitting. Our mass computation indicates that all low-lying states of doubly heavy tetraquarks are unstable against strong decays to two heavy-light mesons, except for the ground states of nonstrange $bb$ tetraquarks.
description: Created by Revtex 4, with 10 pages and 0 figures. Accepted by Common. Theor. Phys
Service-Learning and Design Education – How might we encourage applied learning for stronger community engagement?
Creators: name: Teo, Boon How Nicholas
name: Xue, Lishan
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2022
Subjects: Curriculum and pedagogy theory and development

description: Service-learning projects have been recognized to enhance learning outcomes for design students by promoting community engagement and professional competence. Here, we share the results from five case studies how design education utilises service-learning to enhance the learning model beyond outcomes such as reflective practice, stakeholder management, user-centered design and experiential learning. These case studies included partners Thye Hua Kwan Moral Society, Kwong Wai Shui Hospital, Urban Redevelopment Authority, Shophouse and Co, Jalan Besar GRC, Elections Department Singapore and Children Cancer Foundation. Through these case studies, it is evident the impact that design has on the greater community and how design can move from just a conversation of aesthetics and function but into the discussion of social impact as well.
Design and analysis of tweet-based election models for the 2021 Mexican legislative election
Creators: name: Vigna-Gómez, Alejandro
name: Murillo, Javier
name: Ramirez, Manelik
name: Borbolla, Alberto
name: Márquez, Ian
name: Ray, Prasun K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modelling and forecasting real-life human behaviour using online social media is an active endeavour of interest in politics, government, academia, and industry. Since its creation in 2006, Twitter has been proposed as a potential laboratory that could be used to gauge and predict social behaviour. During the last decade, the user base of Twitter has been growing and becoming more representative of the general population. Here we analyse this user base in the context of the 2021 Mexican Legislative Election. To do so, we use a dataset of 15 million election-related tweets in the six months preceding election day. We explore different election models that assign political preference to either the ruling parties or the opposition. We find that models using data with geographical attributes determine the results of the election with better precision and accuracy than conventional polling methods. These results demonstrate that analysis of public online data can outperform conventional polling methods, and that political analysis and general forecasting would likely benefit from incorporating such data in the immediate future. Moreover, the same Twitter dataset with geographical attributes is positively correlated with results from official census data on population and internet usage in Mexico. These findings suggest that we have reached a period in time when online activity, appropriately curated, can provide an accurate representation of offline behaviour.
description: Accepted for publication in EPJ Data Science. 20 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Automated Misconfiguration Repair of Configurable Cyber-Physical Systems with Search: an Industrial Case Study on Elevator Dispatching Algorithms
Creators: name: Valle, Pablo
name: Arrieta, Aitor
name: Arratibel, Maite
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Real-world Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are usually configurable. Through parameters, it is possible to configure, select or unselect different system functionalities. While this provides high flexibility, it also becomes a source for failures due to misconfigurations. The large number of parameters these systems have and the long test execution time in this context due to the use of simulation-based testing make the manual repair process a cumbersome activity. Subsequently, in this context, automated repairing methods are paramount. In this paper, we propose an approach to automatically repair CPSs' misconfigurations. Our approach is evaluated with an industrial CPS case study from the elevation domain. Experiments with a real building and data obtained from operation suggests that our approach outperforms a baseline algorithm as well as the state of the practice (i.e., manual repair carried out by domain experts).
description: To be published in the 45th International Conference on Software Engineering, SEIP track
Quantum teleportation and Birman-Murakami-Wenzl algebra
Creators: name: Zhang, Kun
name: Zhang, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the relationship of quantum teleportation in quantum information science and the Birman-Murakami-Wenzl (BMW) algebra in low-dimensional topology. For simplicity, we focus on the two spin-1/2 representation of the BMW algebra, which is generated by both the Temperley-Lieb projector and the Yang-Baxter gate. We describe quantum teleportation using the Temperley-Lieb projector and the Yang-Baxter gate, respectively, and study teleportation-based quantum computation using the Yang-Baxter gate. On the other hand, we exploit the extended Temperley-Lieb diagrammatical approach to clearly show that the tangle relations of the BMW algebra have a natural interpretation of quantum teleportation. Inspired by this interpretation, we construct a general representation of the tangle relations of the BMW algebra and obtain interesting representations of the BMW algebra. Therefore our research sheds a light on a link between quantum information science and low-dimensional topology.
description: 26 pages, 2 figures
Reduced Deep Convolutional Activation Features (R-DeCAF) in Histopathology Images to Improve the Classification Performance for Breast Cancer Diagnosis
Creators: name: Morovati, Bahareh
name: Lashgari, Reza
name: Hajihasani, Mojtaba
name: Shabani, Hasti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Breast cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide. Diagnosis of breast cancer by the pathologists is a time-consuming procedure and subjective. Computer aided diagnosis frameworks are utilized to relieve pathologist workload by classifying the data automatically, in which deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are effective solutions. The features extracted from activation layer of pre-trained CNNs are called deep convolutional activation features (DeCAF). In this paper, we have analyzed that all DeCAF features are not necessarily led to a higher accuracy in the classification task and dimension reduction plays an important role. Therefore, different dimension reduction methods are applied to achieve an effective combination of features by capturing the essence of DeCAF features. To this purpose, we have proposed reduced deep convolutional activation features (R-DeCAF). In this framework, pre-trained CNNs such as AlexNet, VGG-16 and VGG-19 are utilized in transfer learning mode as feature extractors. DeCAF features are extracted from the first fully connected layer of the mentioned CNNs and support vector machine has been used for binary classification. Among linear and nonlinear dimensionality reduction algorithms, linear approaches such as principal component analysis (PCA) represent a better combination among deep features and lead to a higher accuracy in the classification task using small number of features considering specific amount of cumulative explained variance (CEV) of features. The proposed method is validated using experimental BreakHis dataset. Comprehensive results show improvement in the classification accuracy up to 4.3% with less computational time. Best achieved accuracy is 91.13% for 400x data with feature vector size (FVS) of 23 and CEV equals to 0.15 using pre-trained AlexNet as feature extractor and PCA as feature reduction algorithm.
A Farewell to Infinity: Renormalization and the Boundary of Discourse
Creators: name: Swiecki, Langston
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: History of Science
subject: Physics
subject: Boundary Object
subject: Epistemology
subject: Renormalization
subject: Discourse
subject: Intersectionality

description: In this paper, I seek to reexamine the notion of the boundary in the context of scientific practice. Utilizing the development of renormalization in radio labs, high energy physics, and condensed matter physics, I push for a move beyond understanding the interactions of scientific subcultures as mediated by a boundary object (Leigh-Star and Gresiemer, 1989), or isolated to a linguistically independent boundary zone (Galison, 1997), and towards a temporally stretched conception of the boundary, examining its afterlife and naturalization within the cultures it conjoins. Renormalization is a technique that tames divergences or infinities that pop up in quantum field theory calculations. It first arose as heuristic device, truncating the bounds of necessary integrals so that calculated values of properties of electrons would align with experimental results within a WW2 radio wave lab and elsewhere. Its subsequent development is a tale of further interaction between high energy physics and condensed matter physics, and it was formalized into an understanding of the isolation of different energy scales, or that the explanatory power of theory was only valid within a certain range of energies, understood with increasing mathematical formality. In this process, the present subcultures entangle, with their exchanged influences taking on new lives, building up an inextricable interrelatedness and inter-reliance. Theory becomes newly responsive to experiment, with energetic access tied to epistemological relevance. In this new examination of resonance and interconnectivity amongst theoretical and experimental subcultures, questions of knowledge production become increasingly associated with questions of energy expenditure, and the associated infrastructures that contribute to their linkage. I wish to complicate the conception of a boundary by examining it in a context beyond a mere weapon within an interplay of actors in an isolated game of power. Drawing some inspiration from Donna Haraway, “boundaries are very tricky,” and I wish to contribute to this boundary complicating discourse that contests the autonomy of atomized actors, towards a broader holism.
Guided Filter based Edge-preserving Image Non-blind Deconvolution
Creators: name: Yang, Hang
name: Zhu, Ming
name: Zhang, Zhongbo
name: Huang, Heyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we propose a new approach for efficient edge-preserving image deconvolution. Our algorithm is based on a novel type of explicit image filter - guided filter. The guided filter can be used as an edge-preserving smoothing operator like the popular bilateral filter, but has better behaviors near edges. We propose an efficient iterative algorithm with the decouple of deblurring and denoising steps in the restoration process. In deblurring step, we proposed two cost function which could be computed with fast Fourier transform efficiently. The solution of the first one is used as the guidance image, and another solution will be filtered in next step. In the denoising step, the guided filter is used with the two obtained images for efficient edge-preserving filtering. Furthermore, we derive a simple and effective method to automatically adjust the regularization parameter at each iteration. We compare our deconvolution algorithm with many competitive deconvolution techniques in terms of ISNR and visual quality.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, ICIP 2013. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1609.01380
From graph theory and geometric probabilities to a representative width for three-dimensional detonation cells
Creators: name: Monnier, Vianney
name: Vidal, Pierre
name: Rodriguez, Vincent
name: Zitoun, Ratiba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model for predicting a representative width for the three-dimensional irregular patterns observed on the front views of cellular detonation fronts in reactive gases. Its physical premise is that the cellular combustion process produces the same burnt mass per unit of time as the average planar steady Zel'dovich-von Neuman-Döring (ZND) process. The transverse waves of irregular cells are described as a stochastic system subject to a stationary ergodic process, considering that the distributions of the patterns should have identical temporal and statistical average properties. Graph theory then defines an ideal cell whose grouping is equivalent to the actual 3D cellular front, geometric probabilities determine the mean burned fraction that parameterizes the model, and ZND calculations close the problem with the time-position relationship of a fluid element in the ZND reaction zone. The model is limited to detonation reaction zones whose only ignition mechanism is adiabatic shock compression, such as those of the mixtures with H2, C3H8 or C2H4 as fuels considered in this work. The comparison of their measured and calculated widths shows an agreement better than or within the accepted experimental uncertainties, depending on the quality of the chemical kinetic scheme used for the ZND calculations. However, the comparison for CH4:O2 mixtures shows high overestimates, indirectly confirming that the detonation reaction zones in these mixtures certainly include other ignition mechanisms contributing to the combustion process, such as turbulent diffusion. In these situations, the cell widths on longitudinal soot recordings have a very large dispersion, so a mean width may thus not be a relevant detonation characteristic length. The model is easily implementable as a post-process of ZND profiles and provides rapid estimates of the cell width, length and reaction time.
description: Extended version
What is the appropriate coordinate system for magnetometer data when analyzing ionospheric currents?
Creators: name: Laundal, K. M.
name: Gjerloev, J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate which coordinate representation is most appropriate when analyzing ground magnetometer data in terms of ionospheric currents, in particular the westward electrojet. The $\textit{AL}$ and the recently introduced $\textit{SML}$ index are frequently used as monitors of the westward electrojet. Both indices are based on ground magnetometers at auroral latitudes. From these magnetometers, the largest perturbation in the southward direction is selected as the $\textit{ AL/SML }$ index at 1 min cadence. The southward component is defined as antiparallel to the orientation of the horizontal part of the Earths' main field, $\textbf{B}_{0, \textit{H}}$. The implicit assumption when using these indices as a monitor of the westward electrojet is that the electrojet flows perpendicular to $\textbf{B}_{0, \textit{H}}$. However, $\textbf{B}_{0, \textit{H}}$ is, in general, not perpendicular to the westward direction in coordinate systems that take nondipole terms of the Earth's magnetic field into account, such as apex and the Altitude Adjusted Corrected Geomagnetic coordinate systems. In this paper we derive a new $\textit{SML}$ index, based on apex coordinates. We find that the new index has less variation with longitude and universal time (UT), compared to the traditionally defined $\textit{SML}$. We argue that when analyzing ionospheric currents using magnetometers, it is appropriate to convert the components to a corrected geomagnetic system. This is most important when considering longitudinal or UT variations, or when data from a limited region are used.
title: National Hydrogeological Inventory
Creators: name: H., Carey
name: S., Lewis
Publisher: name: Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: EFTF – Exploring for the Future
subject: National Groundwater Systems
subject: Groundwater
subject: National Hydrogeological Inventory
subject: hydrogeological provinces
subject: Groundwater hydrology
subject: Published_External

description: This was the first of five presentations held on 31 July 2023 as part of the National Groundwater Systems Workshop - A clear and consistent inventory of knowledge about Australia’s major hydrogeological provinces.
Algebraic approach and exact solutions of superintegrable systems in 2D Darboux spaces
Creators: name: Marquette, Ian
name: Zhang, Junze
name: Zhang, Yao-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superintegrable systems in 2D Darboux spaces were classified and it was found that there exist 12 distinct classes of superintegrable systems with quadratic integrals of motion (and quadratic symmetry algebras generated by the integrals) in the Darboux spaces. In this paper, we obtain exact solutions via purely algebraic means for the energies of all the 12 existing classes of superintegrable systems in four different 2D Darboux spaces. This is achieved by constructing the deformed oscillator realization and finite-dimensional irreducible representation of the underlying quadratic symmetry algebra generated by quadratic integrals respectively for each of the 12 superintegrable systems. We also introduce generic cubic and quintic algebras, generated respectively by linear and quadratic integrals and linear and cubic integrals, and obtain their Casimir operators and deformed oscillator realizations. As examples of applications, we present three classes of new superintegrable systems with cubic symmetry algebras in 2D Darboux spaces.
Analysis of the Bayesian Cramer-Rao lower bound in astrometry: Studying the impact of prior information in the location of an object
Creators: name: Echeverria, Alex
name: Silva, Jorge F.
name: Mendez, Rene A.
name: Orchard, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The best precision that can be achieved to estimate the location of a stellar-like object is a topic of permanent interest in the astrometric community. Aims. We analyse bounds for the best position estimation of a stellar-like object on a CCD detector array in a Bayesian setting where the position is unknown, but where we have access to a prior distribution. In contrast to a parametric setting where we estimate a parameter from observations, the Bayesian approach estimates a random object (i.e., the position is a random variable) from observations that are statistically dependent on the position. Methods. We characterize the Bayesian Cramer-Rao (CR) that bounds the minimum mean square error (MMSE) of the best estimator of the position of a point source on a linear CCD-like detector, as a function of the properties of detector, the source, and the background. Results. We quantify and analyse the increase in astrometric performance from the use of a prior distribution of the object position, which is not available in the classical parametric setting. This gain is shown to be significant for various observational regimes, in particular in the case of faint objects or when the observations are taken under poor conditions. Furthermore, we present numerical evidence that the MMSE estimator of this problem tightly achieves the Bayesian CR bound. This is a remarkable result, demonstrating that all the performance gains presented in our analysis can be achieved with the MMSE estimator. Conclusions The Bayesian CR bound can be used as a benchmark indicator of the expected maximum positional precision of a set of astrometric measurements in which prior information can be incorporated. This bound can be achieved through the conditional mean estimator, in contrast to the parametric case where no unbiased estimator precisely reaches the CR bound.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics
Astrophysical properties of 600 bonafide single stars in the Hyades open cluster
Creators: name: Brandner, Wolfgang
name: Calissendorff, Per
name: Kopytova, Taisiya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The determination of the astrophysical properties of stars remains challenging, and frequently relies on the application of stellar models. Stellar sequences in nearby open clusters provide some of the best means to test and calibrate stellar evolutionary models and isochrones, and to use these models to assign astrophysical properties consistently to a large sample of stars. We aim at updating the single star sequence of members of the Hyades cluster, identifying the best-fitting isochrones, and determining the astrophysical properties of the stars. The Gaia Catalogue of Nearby Stars provides a comprehensive sample of high-probability members of the Hyades cluster. We apply a multi-step method to flag photometric outliers, and to identify bonafide single stars and likely binary and multiple systems. The single stars define a tight sequence, which in the mass range 0.12 to 2.2 Msun is well-fitted by PARSEC isochrones for a supersolar metallicity of [M/H] = +0.18 +- 0.03 and an age of 775 +- 25 Myr. The isochrones enable us to assign mass, effective temperature, luminosity, and surface gravity to each of the 600 bonafide single main-sequence stars. The observed sequence validates the PARSEC isochrones. The derived stellar properties can serve as benchmarks for atmospheric and evolutionary models, and for all-sky catalogs of stellar astrophysical properties. The stellar properties are also relevant for studies of exoplanet properties among Hyades exoplanet hosts.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ, 8 pages, 5 figures, full Table 1 will be available in machine readable format (mrt)