cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Μαθηματική και πειραματική μελέτη των μορφολογικών ιδιοτήτων πολυμερικών σωματιδίων στον ετερογενή καταλυτικό πολυμερισμό αιθυλενίου προπυλενίου
Creators: name: Κανελλόπουλος, Βασίλειος Ν.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2006
Subjects: Καταλυτικός πολυμερισμός αερίων ολεφινών
Αντιδραστήρας ρευστοστερεάς κλίνης
Catalytic gas phase olefin polymerization
Fludized bed reactor

description: Στην παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή διεξάγεται θεωρητική και πειραματική μελέτη των μορφολογικών ιδιοτήτων πολυμερικών σωματιδίων κατά τον ετερογενή καταλυτικό πολυμερισμό των α-ολεφινών στην αέρια φάση, ο οποίος αποτελεί μία εκ των πολυπλοκότερων φυσικοχημικών διεργασιών της σύγχρονης χημικής βιομηχανίας. Τα φυσικοχημικά φαινόμενα που χαρακτηρίζουν τον ετερογενή πολυμερισμό των ολεφινών διαχωρίζονται σε τρία επίπεδα ανάλογα με την κλίμακα μεγέθους που λαμβάνουν χώρο : στο επίπεδο της κινητικής του πολυμερισμού(μικρο-κλίμακα ή μοριακή κλίμακα), στο επίπεδο ανάπτυξης του πολυμερικού σωματιδίου(μεσο-κλίμακα) και στο επίπεδο του αντιδραστήρα πολυμερισμού(μάκρο-κλίμακα), Στην παρούσα εργασία μελετώνται τα φαινόμενα της μικρο- και μεσο-κλίμακας και αναπτύσσονται αντίστοιχα μοντέλλα περιγραφής τους
description: The present study deals with the theoretical and experimental investigation of the morphological properties of polymer particles produced in heterogeneous gas-phase catalyzed olefin polymerization, which is one of the most complex physicochemical processes found in the chemical industry. The phenomena that characterize the heterogeneous catalytic olefin polymerization can be divided in to three distinct scales of interest : the microscale, which concerns the kinetic mechanisms involved in such polymerizations, the mesoscale, which investigates the growth of a single polymer particle and the macroscale, which focuses on the mixing phenomena, on the prediction of the morphological and molecular distributed properties of particles produced in modern catalytic olefin polymerization reactors. In the present study, the investigation of micro and mesoscale phenomena is carried out and corresponding models are presented
Φωτοκαταλυτικές μέθοδοι επεξεργασίας αστικών λυμάτων
Creators: name: Αντωνιάδης, Απόστολος Γ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2006
Subjects: Αντιδραστήρας photo-fenton
Οξείδιο του τιτανίου
TiO2
Photo-Fenton reagent

description: Στην παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή μελετήθηκε η φωτοκαταλυτική οξείδωση προσομοιωμένων, αλλά και πραγματικών αστικών λοιμάτων και βοθρολυμάτων. Για την επεξεργασία τους δοκιμάστηκαν οι μέθοδοι της ετερογενούς, της ομογενούς φωτοκατάλυσης και του συνδυασμού τους. Μελετήθηκαν οι παράμετροι που επηρεάζουν την αποτελεσματικότητα των μεθόδων και η απολυματική δράση τους, παρουσία τεχνητού και ηλιακού φωτισμού. Επίσης εξετάσθηκε η δυνατότητα επεξεργασίας των λυμάτων από ένα καινοτόμο σύστημα, το οποί συνδυάζει τη συνεργιστική δράση της φωτοκαταλυτικής οξείδωσης με υγροτόπους επιφανειακής ροής. Από τα αποτελέσματα της παρούσας διατριβής προκύπτει ότι οι παραπάνω μέθοδοι μπορούν να επεξεργασθούν ικανοποιητικά τα αστικά λύματα, αξιοποιώντας την ηλιακή ενέργεια στη διαδικασία αντιρύπανσης. Οι υψηλές συγκεντρώσεις ανόργανων ιόντων του αζώτου οδηγούν στην ανάγκη δευτεροβάθμιας επεξεργασίας λυμάτων με στόχο τη μείωση των παρακάνω ιόντων σύμφωνα με τα προβλεπόμενα από τη νομοθεσία όρια
description: In this study, the photocatalytic oxidation of synthetic, municipal and cesspool wasterwater has been studied using homogeneous, heterogeneous and TiO2/Fe(3+)/H2O2 photocatalysis. The objectives were : a)to examine the extent of the oxidation b)to examine the effect of various parameters c)to examine the efficiency of the photocatalytic disinfection d)to compare the efficiency of the above methods. In order to develop a simple and effective method for the treatment of develop a wasterwater of small communities, a system that combines the synergetic action of photocatalytic oxidation with the surface flow constructed wetlands has been studied, under artificial and solar illumination. According to the results, the two methods are compatible, under terms, providing an integrated system that has a low investment cost and the possibility treating different organic and hydraulic load
title: Utilizing Fluorine-labelled 2-Aminobenzamidoximes to Distinguish Aldoses via 19F-NMR
Creators: name: Scheibelreiter, Verena
name: Kalaus, Hubert
name: Stanetty, Christian
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2023
Subjects: Carbohydrate analysis
19F-NMR

description: Aldoses are structurally composed of a reactive aldehyde group and multiple hydroxy groups. Each specific sugar exhibits a defined stereochemistry of these alcoholic moieties. Being constitutional isomers, the differentiation between sugars, especially in mixtures, is challenging. Previously, we have described a photometric kinetic assay to determine the open-chain content of aldoses utilizing the selective reaction with 2-aminobenzamidoxime (ABAO). Herein, we have taken further advantage of this aldehyde-selective reaction, using it for a qualitative aldose assay based on 19F-NMR, a highly sensitive and fast method. The influence of the position of the F-label on the adduct formation rates was determined and derivatives of selected aldoses were prepared and the deviation of chemical shifts in 19F-NMR of the products were compared. While all four tested F-ABAO derivatives showed differences in shifts between the tested aldoses, one derivative was especially promising for the application in a qualitative sugar assay and the scope was expanded to a larger set of aldoses for this derivative.
The Hot Gas Content of Low-Luminosity Early-Type Galaxies and the Implications Regarding Supernova Heating and AGN Feedback
Creators: name: David, Laurence P.
name: Jones, Christine
name: Forman, William
name: Vargas, Iris Monica
name: Nulsen, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed Chandra observations of 18 low-luminosity early-type galaxies with L_B < 3 x 10e10 Lo. Thermal emission from hot gas with temperatures between 0.2 and 0.8 keV comprises 5-70% of the total 0.5-2.0 keV emission from these galaxies. We find that the total X-ray luminosity from LMXBs (resolved plus the power-law component of the unresolved emission) scales roughly linearly with the K-band luminosity of the galaxies with a normalization comparable to that found in more luminous early-type galaxies. All of the galaxies in our sample are gas poor with gas masses much less than that expected from the accumulation of stellar mass loss over the life time of the galaxies. The average ratio of gas mass to stellar mass in our sample is M_{gas}/M_*=0.001, compared to more luminous early-type galaxies which typically have M_{gas}/M_*=0.01. The time required to accumulate the observed gas mass from stellar mass loss in these galaxies is typically 3 x 10e8 yr. Since the cooling time of the gas is longer than the replenishment time, the gas cannot be condensing out of the hot phase and forming stars, implying that the gas is most likely being expelled from these galaxies in a wind (abridged).
description: 16 pages
BEC-BCS Crossover in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio Model of QCD
Creators: name: Sun, Gaofeng
name: He, Lianyi
name: Zhuang, Pengfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BEC-BCS crossover in QCD at finite baryon and isospin chemical potentials is investigated in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. The diquark condensation in two color QCD and the pion condensation in real QCD would undergo a BEC-BCS crossover when the corresponding chemical potential increases. We determined the crossover chemical potential as well as the BEC and BCS regions. The crossover is not triggered by increasing the strength of attractive interaction among quarks but driven by changing the charge density. The chiral symmetry restoration at finite temperature and density plays an important role in the BEC-BCS crossover. For real QCD, strong couplings in diquark and vector meson channels can induce a diquark BEC-BCS crossover in color superconductor, and in the BEC region the chromomagnetic instability is fully cured and the ground state is a uniform phase.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures. V2: typos corrected, references added. V3: typos in Appendix B corrected
Measurements of the dust properties in z~1-3 SMGs with ALMA
Creators: name: da Cunha, E.
name: Hodge, J. A.
name: Casey, C. M.
name: Algera, H. S. B.
name: Kaasinen, M.
name: Smail, I.
name: Walter, F.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Dannerbauer, H.
name: Decarli, R.
name: Groves, B. A.
name: Knudsen, K. K.
name: Swinbank, A. M.
name: Weiss, A.
name: van der Werf, P.
name: Zavala, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Atacama Large Millimetre Array (ALMA) 2mm continuum observations of a complete and unbiased sample of 99 870micron-selected sub-millimeter galaxies (SMGs) in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South (ALESS). Our observations of each SMG reach average sensitivities of 53 microJy/beam. We measure the flux densities for 70 sources, for which we obtain a typical 870micron-to-2mm flux ratio of 14 +/- 5. We do not find a redshift dependence of this flux ratio, which would be expected if the dust emission properties of our SMGs were the same at all redshifts. By combining our ALMA measurements with existing Herschel/SPIRE observations, we construct a (biased) subset of 27 galaxies for which the cool dust emission is sufficiently well sampled to obtain precise constraints on their dust properties using simple isothermal models. Thanks to our new 2mm observations, the dust emissivity index is well-constrained and robust against different dust opacity assumptions. The median dust emissivity index of our SMGs is $β\simeq1.9\pm0.4$, consistent with the emissivity index of dust in the Milky Way and other local and high-redshift galaxies, as well as classical dust grain model predictions. We also find a negative correlation between the dust temperature and $β$, similar to low-redshift observational and theoretical studies. Our results indicate that $β\simeq2$ in high-redshift dusty star-forming galaxies, implying little evolution in dust grain properties between our SMGs and local dusty galaxy samples, and suggesting these high-mass and high-metallicity galaxies have dust reservoirs driven by grain growth in their ISM.
description: 31 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Point-like source searches of PeV-EeV Earth-skimming neutrinos with MAGIC telescopes: optimisation study of the event selection
Creators: name: Mallamaci, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: neutrino

description: Poster presented at the XVIII Internationale Workshop on Neutrino Telescopes (Venice, March 18-22, 2019)
Geometric Measure of Entanglement and Shared Quantum States
Creators: name: Tamaryan, Levon
name: Park, DaeKil
name: Son, Jin-Woo
name: Tamaryan, Sayatnova
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an explicit expression for the geometric measure of entanglement for three qubit states that are linear combinations of four orthogonal product states. It turns out that the geometric measure for these states has three different expressions depending on the range of definition in parameter space. Each expression of the measure has its own geometrically meaningful interpretation. Such an interpretation allows oneself to take one step toward a complete understanding for the general properties of the entanglement measure. The states that lie on joint surfaces separating different ranges of definition, designated as shared states, seem to have particularly interesting features. The properties of the shared states are fully discussed.
description: 13 pages, 2 figure, will appear in PRA, many references added, new results are included, style is improved
Combinatorial aspects of exceptional sequences on (rational) surfaces
Creators: name: Perling, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F05, 14J26, 14M25 (Primary), 14J29, 32S25 (Secondary)

description: We investigate combinatorial aspects of exceptional sequences in the derived category of coherent sheaves on certain smooth and complete algebraic surfaces. We show that to any such sequence there is canonically associated a complete toric surface whose torus fixpoints are either smooth or cyclic T-singularities (in the sense of Wahl) of type $\frac{1}{r^2}(1, kr - 1)$. We also show that any exceptional sequence can be transformed by mutation into an exceptional sequence which consists only of objects of rank one.
description: 35 pages, substantial revisions
Twin SUSY
Creators: name: Falkowski, Adam
name: Pokorski, Stefan
name: Schmaltz, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an extension of the MSSM in which superpartners can naturally be heavier than the electroweak scale. This ``little hierarchy'' of scales is stable because the Higgs arises as a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson in the breaking of an accidental SU(4) symmetry of the Higgs sector. Supersymmetry and the global symmetry combine to forbid logarithmically divergent one-loop contributions to the Higgs mass. The accidental symmetry follows from a simple ``twin'' parity which exchanges the SU(2) sectors in the SU(3)_C x SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R x U(1)_X gauge group.
description: 10 pages; v2: references and Lawrence added
Μελέτη παραγόντων που επηρεάζουν τα πτητικά συστατικά των μελιών που προέρχονται από μελίτωμα
Creators: name: Τανανάκη, Χρυσούλα Ι.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2006
Subjects: Μελίτωμα
Honeydew

description: Στην παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή μελετήθηκαν τα πτητικά συστατικά των μελιών που προέρχονται από μελίτωμα, καθώς και οι παράγοντες που τα επηρεάζουν. Η ανάλυση των διεγμάτων πραγματοποιήθηκε με σύστημα διάταξης παγίδευσης-αέριου χρωματογράφου-φασματογράφου μάζας. Εντοπίστηκαν χαρακτηριστικοί συνδυασμοί πτητικών χημικών ενώσεων οι οποίοι μπορούν να χρησιμοποιηθούν για τη βοτανική διάκριση του πευκόμελου, ελατόμελου και μελιού βελανιδιάς. Συλλέχθηκε επίσης μελίτωμα, που παράγεται από το κοκκοειδές Marchalina hellenica, το οποίο στη συνέχεια αναλύθηκε χρωματογραφικά και προσδιορίστηκαν τα κυριότερα πτητικά του συστατικά. Παράλληλα ερευνήθηκε η επίδραση τηε γεωγραφικής προέλευσης στα πτητικά συστατικά του πευκόμελου, με αποτέλεσμα την δυνατότητα διάκρισης αυτού του είδους μελιού που παράγεται σε Κρήτη και Ρόδο. Εξετάστηκε επίσης η επίδραση της θερμικής επεξεργασίας καθώς και της αποθήκευσης στις πτητικές χημικές ενώσεις των μελιών μελιτώματος. Επιπλέον ερευνήθηκε η ύπαρξη στο μέλι μελιτώματος πτητικών χημικών ενώσεων από εξωγενείς παράγοντες, όπως οι μελισσοκομικοί χειρισμοί, καθώς επίσης και η δυνατότητα απορρόφησης από το πευκόμελο πτητικών συστατικών που αιωρούνται στον υπερκείμενο χώρο του μελιού
description: In the present work, the volatile compounds of honeydew honeys were determined and the factors which affect them were studied. The samples analysed using a Purge & Trap-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer system(Purge & Trap-GC-MS). Characteristic combinations of volatile compounds for pine, fir and oak honey were found. These combinations can be used in order to find out the botanical origin of honeydew honeys. A chromatographic method was applied for the detection of the volatile compounds of honeydew, which is produced by the insect Marchalina hellenica. The effect of geographic origin on the volatile compounds of pine honey was studied, analysing samples from five greek areas(Crete, Rhodes, Evia, Chalkidiki and Thassos). After the analysis of the samples and the statistical evaluation, it was found that the honey from Crete and Rhodes had different volatile profile. In this study, the influence of heating and storage on the volatile profile of honeydew honey was also examined. Furthermore, the effect of the external volatile compounds on the profile of honeydew honey was studied. These compounds originate mainly beekeeping or from the environment
Towards Automated Attack Simulations of BPMN-based Processes
Creators: name: Hacks, Simon
name: Lagerström, Robert
name: Ritter, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Process digitization and integration is an increasing need for enterprises, while cyber-attacks denote a growing threat. Using the Business Process Management Notation (BPMN) is common to handle the digital and integration focus within and across organizations. In other parts of the same companies, threat modeling and attack graphs are used for analyzing the security posture and resilience. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to use attack graph simulations on processes represented in BPMN. Our contributions are the identification of BPMN's attack surface, a mapping of BPMN elements to concepts in a Meta Attack Language (MAL)-based Domain-Specific Language (DSL), called coreLang, and a prototype to demonstrate our approach in a case study using a real-world invoice integration process. The study shows that non-invasively enriching BPMN instances with cybersecurity analysis through attack graphs is possible without much human expert input. The resulting insights into potential vulnerabilities could be beneficial for the process modelers.
description: Submitted for review to EDOC 2021
Is Strong Gravitational Radiation predicted by TeV-Gravity?
Creators: name: Mironov, A.
name: Morozov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In TeV-gravity models the gravitational coupling to particles with energies E\sim m_{Pl} \sim 10 TeV is not suppressed by powers of ultra-small ratio E/M_{Pl} with M_{Pl} \sim 10^{19} GeV. Therefore one could imagine strong synchrotron radiation of gravitons by the accelerating particles to become the most pronounced manifestation of TeV-gravity at LHC. However, this turns out to be not true: considerable damping continues to exist, only the place of E/M_{Pl} it taken by a power of a ratio θω/E, where the typical frequency ωof emitted radiation, while increased by a number of γ-factors, can not reach E/\vartheta unless particles are accelerated by nearly critical fields. Moreover, for currently available magnetic fields B \sim 10 Tesla, multi-dimensionality does not enhance gravitational radiation at all even if TeV-gravity is correct.
description: 7 pages, LaTeX
Αλγόριθμοι στη θεωρία των διαφορικών εξισώσεων: αριθμητικές μέθοδοι και ευστάθεια
Creators: name: Κωνσταντινίδης, Αθανάσιος Κ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2006
Subjects: Ολοκληρωτική εξίσωση
Διακριτοποίηση
Γεννήτορες εξισώσεις
Μέθοδος των γραμμών
Ζero stability
Non stiff differential equation
Saddle point
L-stability

description: Η παρούσα διατριβή αναφέρεται στην αντιμετώπιση, με μία νέα αναλυτική μέθοδο, μη γραμμικών προβλημάτων αρχικής τιμής, με τη βοήθεια αναγωγής τους σε ολοκληρωτικές εξισώσεις, οι οποίες αναδεικνύονται σε γεννήτορες των ειδικών λύσεων. Στο Β΄μέρος προτείνεται μία εύχρηστη παραλλαγή των τύπων Runge Kutta, τετάρτης τάξεως, προσδίδοντας στις αρχικές παραμέτρους ως τιμές, «πρώτους» αριθμούς, οι οποίοι οδηγούν σε ιδιαίτερα ικανοποιητικά αποτελέσματα σε non stiff προβλήματα αρχικής τιμής. Περιλαμβάνει επίσης και μία αναλυτική μελέτη της ευστάθειας των λύσεων, προσεγγίζοντας το θέμα, τόσο με «καθαρά» Μαθηματικά, όσο και με αριθμητικές μεθόδους
description: The present dissertation is referred to the confrontal of non-linear initial values problems with the use of a new analytic method. The above mentioned method reduces the non-linear initial values problems to integral equations that constitute generators of specific solutions. At the second part of the dissertation, a useful variation of the forth order Runge Kutta formulas is proposed that gives to the initial parameters prime numbers as values. These prime numbers lead to extremely satisfying results for non stiff initial value problems. In addition, the dissertation includes an analytic study of solutions' stability, approaching the subject with a mathematical way as well as with numerical methods
Bootstrap percolation in directed and inhomogeneous random graphs
Creators: name: Detering, Nils
name: Meyer-Brandis, Thilo
name: Panagiotou, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Bootstrap percolation is a process that is used to model the spread of an infection on a given graph. In the model considered here each vertex is equipped with an individual threshold. As soon as the number of infected neighbors exceeds that threshold, the vertex gets infected as well and remains so forever. We perform a thorough analysis of bootstrap percolation on a novel model of directed and inhomogeneous random graphs, where the distribution of the edges is specified by assigning two distinct weights to each vertex, describing the tendency of it to receive edges from or to send edges to other vertices. Under the assumption that the limiting degree distribution of the graph is integrable we determine the typical fraction of infected vertices. Our model allows us to study a variety of settings, in particular the prominent case in which the degree distribution has an unbounded variance. Among other results, we quantify the notion of "systemic risk", that is, to what extent local adverse shocks can propagate to large parts of the graph through a cascade, and discover novel features that make graphs prone/resilient to initially small infections.
Optically-controlled logic gates for two spin qubits in vertically-coupled quantum dots
Creators: name: Emary, C.
name: Sham, L. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe an interaction mechanism between electron spins in a vertically-stacked double quantum dot that can be used for controlled two-qubit operations. This interaction is mediated by excitons confined within, and delocalized over, the double dot. We show that gates equivalent to the SQRT-SWAP gate can be obtained in times much less than the exciton relaxation time and that the negative effects of hole-mixing and spontaneous emission do not seriously affect these results.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures; expanded for clarity + minor changes, J-ref added
Idiotypic network interactions, autoimmunity and the pathogenesis of AIDS
Creators: name: Kion, Tracy Arlene
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The functional disruption of the immune system in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is incompletely understood. Many clinical features are common to AIDS and Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and it is plausible that autoimmunity is involved in the pathogenesis of AIDS. The immune response directed against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and concomitant anti-idiotypic response may cross-react with host cell antigens and result in the depletion of certain T cell populations. A model of AIDS pathogenesis has emerged from a version of idiotypic network theory with sharply defined molecular and cellular mechanisms. In this model, the network is postulated to be able to select clones that have variable (V) regions that are complementary to MHC molecules and clones that have V regions that are images of MHC molecules. A central part of the regulatory T cell repertoire consists of anti-class II MHC helper T cells and class II MHC-image suppressor T cells. The interactions between these two T cell populations are expected to be mutually stabilizing. The model includes a role for allogeneic stimuli as cofactors. The immune response to allogeneic lymphocytes includes a MHC-image response, which is directed against the idiotypes on the foreign receptors that recognize self. The immune response to the MHC-mimicking portions of HIV includes an anti-MHC-image response. MHC-image and anti-MHC-image responses are directed against each other (by definition), and may synergize with each other in such a way to lead to the eventual collapse of the normally self-stabilizing immune system network. In this thesis, several findings that can be understood in the context of that model are described. These findings would otherwise have not been expected. Alloimmune mice make antibodies that bind gpl20 and p24 of HIV, and autoimmune MRL-lpr/lpr and MRL ̶+/+ mice spontaneously make anti-gpl20 antibodies. Anti-gpl20 antibodies are interpreted as being anti-MHC-image since gpl20 is considered to be an image of class II MHC antigens (based on its complementary to the CD4 antigen of T lymphocytes). MHC-image antibodies are typically produced during alloimmunization, and MRL mice were found to spontaneously make MHC-image antibodies. MHC-image antibodies can be detected by the inhibition of alloantibody (and complement) mediated cytotoxicity, and by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) with polyclonal antisera and monoclonal antibodies. Injection of young MRL-lpr/lpr mice with low doses of gpl20 or p24 of HIV suppressed the production of autoantibodies and enhanced the survival of these mice. These results support the idea that MHC-image and anti-MHC-image antibodies may be involved in the pathogenesis of lupus in these mice. The presence of both MHC-image and anti-MHC-image antibodies in alloimmunity suggests that synergy between immune responses to allogeneic cells and HIV is important in some groups that are at risk for AIDS.
Cache Blocking Technique to Large Scale Quantum Computing Simulation on Supercomputers
Creators: name: Doi, Jun
name: Horii, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Classical computers require large memory resources and computational power to simulate quantum circuits with a large number of qubits. Even supercomputers that can store huge amounts of data face a scalability issue in regard to parallel quantum computing simulations because of the latency of data movements between distributed memory spaces. Here, we apply a cache blocking technique by inserting swap gates in quantum circuits to decrease data movements. We implemented this technique in the open source simulation framework Qiskit Aer. We evaluated our simulator on GPU clusters and observed good scalability.
Partial Dynamical Symmetry at Critical-Points of Quantum Phase Transitions
Creators: name: Leviatan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that partial dynamical symmetries (PDS) can occur at critical-points of quantum phase transitions, in which case, underlying competing symmetries are conserved exactly by a subset of states, and mix strongly in other states. Several types of PDS are demonstrated with the example of critical-point Hamiltonians for first- and second-order transitions in the framework of the interacting boson model, whose dynamical symmetries correspond to different shape-phases in nuclei.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, minor adjustments to PRL requirements. PRL in press
Towards Quantum Monte Carlo Forces on Heavier Ions: Scaling Properties
Creators: name: Tiihonen, Juha
name: Clay, Raymond C.
name: Krogel, Jaron T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) forces have been studied extensively in recent decades because of their importance with spectroscopic observables and geometry optimization. Here we benchmark the accuracy and statistical cost of QMC forces. The zero-variance zero-bias (ZVZB) force estimator is used in standard variational and diffusion Monte Carlo simulations with mean-field based trial wavefunctions and atomic pseudopotentials. Statistical force uncertainties are obtained with a recently developed regression technique for heavy tailed QMC data [P. Lopez Rios and G. J. Conduit, Phys. Rev. E 99, 063312 (2019)]. By considering selected atoms and dimers with elements ranging from H to Zn ($1\leq Z_{\mathrm{eff}} \leq 20$), we assess the accuracy and the computational cost of ZVZB forces as the effective pseudopotential valence charge, $Z_{\mathrm{eff}}$, increases. We find that the cost of QMC energies and forces approximately follow simple power laws in $Z_{\mathrm{eff}}$. The force uncertainty grows more rapidly, leading to a best case cost scaling relationship of approximately $Z_{\mathrm{eff}}^{6.5(3)}$ for DMC. We find the affordable system size decreases as $Z_{\mathrm{eff}}^{-2}$, insensitive to model assumptions or the use of "space warp" variance reduction. Our results predict the practical cost of obtaining forces for a range of materials, such as transition metal oxides where QMC forces have yet to be applied, and underscore the importance of further developing force variance reduction techniques, particularly for atoms with high $\zeff$.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Signatures of retroreflection and induced triplet electron-hole correlations in ferromagnet/s-wave superconductor structures
Creators: name: Linder, J.
name: Sudbø, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study of a ferromagnet/s-wave superconductor junction to investigate the signatures of induced triplet correlations in the system. We apply the extended BTK-formalism and allow for an arbitrary magnetization strength/direction of the ferromagnet, a spin-active barrier, Fermi-vector mismatch, and different effective masses in the two systems. It is found that the phase associated with the $xy$-components of the magnetization in the ferromagnet couples with the superconducting phase and induces spin-triplet pairing correlations in the superconductor, if the tunneling barrier acts as a spin-filter. This feature leads to an induced spin-triplet pairing correlation in the ferromagnet, along with a spin-triplet electron-hole coherence due to an interplay between the ferromagnetic and superconducting phase. As our main result, we investigate the experimental signatures of retrorelection, manifested in the tunneling conductance of a ferromagnet/s-wave superconductor junction with a spin-active interface.
description: 13 pages, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Effects of Bound Diprotons and Enhanced Nuclear Reaction Rates on Stellar Evolution
Creators: name: Adams, Fred C.
name: Howe, Alex R.
name: Grohs, Evan
name: Fuller, George M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deuterium represents the only bound isotope in the universe with atomic mass number $A=2$. Motivated by the possibility of other universes, where the strong force could be stronger, this paper considers the effects of bound diprotons and dineutrons on stars. We find that the existence of additional stable nuclei with $A=2$ has relatively modest effects on the universe. Previous work indicates that Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) produces more deuterium, but does not lead to catastrophic heavy element production. This paper revisits BBN considerations and confirms that the universe is left with an ample supply of hydrogen and other light nuclei for typical cosmological parameters. Using the $MESA$ numerical package, we carry out stellar evolution calculations for universes with stable diprotons, with nuclear cross sections enhanced by large factors $X$. This work focuses on $X=10^{15}-10^{18}$, but explores the wider range $X$ = $10^{-3}-10^{18}$. For a given stellar mass, the presence of stable diprotons leads to somewhat brighter stars, with the radii and photospheric temperatures roughly comparable to thoese of red giants. The central temperature decreases from the characteristic value of $T_c\approx1.5\times10^7$ K for hydrogen burning down to the value of $T_c\approx10^6$ K characteristic of deuterium burning. The stellar lifetimes are smaller for a given mass, but with the extended possible mass range, the smallest stars live for trillions of years, far longer than the current cosmic age. Finally, the enhanced cross sections allow for small, partially degenerate objects with mass $M_\ast=1-10M_J$ to produce significant steady-state luminosity and thereby function as stars.
description: 54 pages, 14 figures, accepted to Astroparticle Physics
The evolution of the solar wind
Creators: name: Vidotto, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How has the solar wind evolved to reach what it is today? In this review, I discuss the long-term evolution of the solar wind, including the evolution of observed properties that are intimately linked to the solar wind: rotation, magnetism and activity. Given that we cannot access data from the solar wind 4 billion years ago, this review relies on stellar data, in an effort to better place the Sun and the solar wind in a stellar context. I overview some clever detection methods of winds of solar-like stars, and derive from these an observed evolutionary sequence of solar wind mass-loss rates. I then link these observational properties (including, rotation, magnetism and activity) with stellar wind models. I conclude this review then by discussing implications of the evolution of the solar wind on the evolving Earth and other solar system planets. I argue that studying exoplanetary systems could open up new avenues for progress to be made in our understanding of the evolution of the solar wind.
description: Living Reviews in Solar Physics, in press, 26 figures, 88 pages (invited review article)
MAGIC observations of VHE gamma rays from the flaring blazar TXS 0506+056 coincident with high- energy neutrino IceCube-170922A
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: neutrino

description: Poster presented at the XVIII Internationale Workshop on Neutrino Telescopes (Venice, March 18-22, 2019)
Band Structure and Effective Properties of One-Dimensional Thermoacoustic Bloch Waves
Creators: name: Hao, Haitian
name: Scalo, Carlo
name: Semperlotti, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dispersion characteristics and the effective properties of acoustic waves propagating in a one-dimensional duct equipped with periodic thermoacoustic coupling elements. Each coupling element consists in a classical thermoacoustic regenerator subject to a spatial temperature gradient. When acoustic waves pass through the regenerator, thermal-to-acoustic energy conversion takes place and can either amplify or attenuate the wave, depending on the direction of propagation of the wave. The presence of the spatial gradient naturally induces a loss of reciprocity. This study provides a comprehensive theoretical model as well as an in-depth numerical analysis of the band structure and of the propagation properties of this thermoacoustically-coupled, tunable, one-dimensional metamaterial. Among the most significant findings, it is shown that the acoustic metamaterial is capable of supporting non-reciprocal thermoacoustic Bloch waves that are associated with a particular form of unidirectional energy transport. Remarkably, the thermoacoustic coupling also allows achieving effective zero compressibility and zero refractive index that ultimately lead to the phase invariance of the propagating sound waves. This single zero effective property is also shown to have very interesting implications in the attainment of acoustic cloaking.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, Submitting to Physical Review B
Spitzer Observations of the New Luminous Red Nova M85OT2006-1
Creators: name: Rau, A.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Ofek, E. O.
name: Yan, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: M85OT2006-1 is the latest and most brilliant addition to the small group of known Luminous Red Novae (LRNe). An identifying characteristic of the previously detected events (M31 RV, V4322 Sgr & V838 Mon) was a spectral red-ward evolution connected with an emerging infrared component following the optical decay. Here we report on the discovery of a similar feature in Keck/NIRC and Spitzer photometry of M85OT2006-1 six months post-eruption. We find that its 2.1-22 micrometer spectral energy distribution is best described by a black body with effective temperature T_eff=950+-150 K and bolometric luminosity L=2.9+-0.5x10^5 L_sun. Assuming spherical geometry, the black body effective radius, R=2.0+-0.5x10^4 R_sun, and corresponding expansion velocity, v=870+-260 km/s, are remarkably similar to the properties of M31 RV 70 days after its eruption. Furthermore, we propose a search strategy for LRNe in the local Universe making use of the longevity of their infrared excess emission and discuss the expected number of events in the Spitzer Infrared Nearby Galaxies Survey.
description: manuscript after minor revisions, accepted for ApJ
Measurement of Renyi entropies in multiparticle production: a DO-LIST II
Creators: name: Bialas, A.
name: Czyz, W.
name: Zalewski, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently suggested method of measuring Renyi entropies of multiparticle systems produced in high-energy collisions is presented in the form of a "do-list", explaining explicitely how to perform the measurement and suggesting improvements in the treatment of the data.
description: 18 pages, two figures; to be published in Acta Phys. Pol. B
Design of Novel Hybrid CPDM-CO-OFDM FSO Communication System and its Performance Analysis under Diverse Weather Conditions
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Ruhin
name: Choyon, A. K. M. Sharoar Jahan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A comprehensive novel design is proposed for the free-space optical (FSO) communication system by hybridizing circular polarization division multiplexing (CPDM) with coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) and its performance is investigated realistically under diverse turbulent weather conditions of Bangladesh. Here we consider Gamma-Gamma (G-G) distribution for the turbulent FSO channel model. Moreover, the proposed scheme presents an excellent performance since CPDM technique not only maximizes the link capacity of FSO system but also enhances the spectral efficiency (SE) of the system. Besides, multipath-fading, which is appeared during the FSO transmission, is significantly mitigated by OFDM modulation. The outcomes from simulation confirm the advantages of the proposed hybrid scheme and also it can serve as a reference for the FSO application even in the turbulent weather conditions. Performance analysis of the proposed model is described in terms of optical power spectrum (OPS), optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR), bit error rate (BER), Q factor, constellation diagrams, and eye diagrams.
description: 21 Pages, 18 Figures, 3 Tables
Enhanced on-chip frequency measurement using weak value amplification
Creators: name: Steinmetz, John
name: Lyons, Kevin
name: Song, Meiting
name: Cardenas, Jaime
name: Jordan, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an integrated design to precisely measure optical frequency using weak value amplification with a multi-mode interferometer. The technique involves introducing a weak perturbation to the system and then post-selecting the data in such a way that the signal is amplified without amplifying the technical noise, as has previously been demonstrated in a free-space setup. We demonstrate the advantages of a Bragg grating with two band gaps for obtaining simultaneous, stable high transmission and high dispersion. We numerically model the interferometer in order to demonstrate the amplification effect. The device is shown to have advantages over both the free-space implementation and other methods of measuring optical frequency on a chip, such as an integrated Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
[Field notes]
Creators: name: Goss, Matthew
name: Leung, Herman
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: tuk

description: File 20130912_leung-goss_field-notes is document typed by Goss, including his notes on Leung's elicitation as well as on his own. Relations are to bundles containing associated sound files.
Reduction of time-resolved space-based CCD photometry developed for MOST Fabry Imaging data
Creators: name: Reegen, P.
name: Kallinger, T.
name: Frast, D.
name: Gruberbauer, M.
name: Huber, D.
name: Matthews, J. M.
name: Punz, D.
name: Schraml, S.
name: Weiss, W. W.
name: Kuschnig, R.
name: Moffat, A. F. J.
name: Walker, G. A. H.
name: Guenther, D. B.
name: Rucinski, S. M.
name: Sasselov, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The MOST (Microvariability & Oscillations of STars) satellite obtains ultraprecise photometry from space with high sampling rates and duty cycles. Astronomical photometry or imaging missions in low Earth orbits, like MOST, are especially sensitive to scattered light from Earthshine, and all these missions have a common need to extract target information from voluminous data cubes. They consist of upwards of hundreds of thousands of two-dimensional CCD frames (or sub-rasters) containing from hundreds to millions of pixels each, where the target information, superposed on background and instrumental effects, is contained only in a subset of pixels (Fabry Images, defocussed images, mini-spectra). We describe a novel reduction technique for such data cubes: resolving linear correlations of target and background pixel intensities. This stepwise multiple linear regression removes only those target variations which are also detected in the background. The advantage of regression analysis versus background subtraction is the appropriate scaling, taking into account that the amount of contamination may differ from pixel to pixel. The multivariate solution for all pairs of target/background pixels is minimally invasive of the raw photometry while being very effective in reducing contamination due to, e.g., stray light. The technique is tested and demonstrated with both simulated oscillation signals and real MOST photometry.
description: 16 pages, 23 figures
Measuring photon anti-bunching from continuous variable sideband squeezing
Creators: name: Grosse, Nicolai B.
name: Symul, Thomas
name: Stobińska, Magdalena
name: Ralph, Timothy C.
name: Lam, Ping Koy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a technique for measuring the second-order coherence function $g^{(2)}(τ)$ of light using a Hanbury-Brown Twiss intensity interferometer modified for homodyne detection. The experiment was performed entirely in the continuous variable regime at the sideband frequency of a bright carrier field. We used the setup to characterize $g^{(2)}(τ)$ for thermal and coherent states, and investigated its immunity to optical loss. We measured $g^{(2)}(τ)$ of a displaced squeezed state, and found a best anti-bunching statistic of $g^{(2)}(0) = 0.11 \pm 0.18$.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Spectral Density of Complex Networks with a Finite Mean Degree
Creators: name: Nagao, Taro
name: Rodgers, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to clarify the statistical features of complex networks, the spectral density of adjacency matrices has often been investigated. Adopting a static model introduced by Goh, Kahng and Kim, we analyse the spectral density of complex scale free networks. For that purpose, we utilize the replica method and effective medium approximation (EMA) in statistical mechanics. As a result, we identify a new integral equation which determines the asymptotic spectral density of scale free networks with a finite mean degree $p$. In the limit $p \to \infty$, known asymptotic formulae are rederived. Moreover, the $1/p$ corrections to known results are analytically calculated by a perturbative method.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure, minor corrections made
Γνωστική αποκατάσταση δια της άσκησης ικανοτήτων προσοχής και πλευρών εκτελεστικής λειτουργίας σε ασθενείς με νόσο Alzheimer's και ήπια γνωστική εξασθένηση
Creators: name: Κουντή-Ζαφειροπούλου, Φωτεινή
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2006
Subjects: Ασκηση προσοχής
Practice of attention

description: Η μελέτη που παρουσιάζεται ερεύνησε τις δυνατότητες γνωστικής παρέμβασης σε ασθενείς με νόσο Alzheimer, με στόχο τη βελτίωση της γνωστικής και λειτουργικής επίδοσης δια της άσκησης ικανοτήτων προσοχής και εκτελεστικής λειτουργίας. Η γνωστική παρέμβαση που χρησιμοποιήθηκε ήταν μέθοδος συστηματικής και δομημένης ενεργοποίησης του εγκεφάλου. Ο νευροψυχολογικός έλεγχος πριν την παρέμβαση, κατά το τέλος της και 6 μήνες μετά το τέλος της έδειξε βελτιωτικές αλλαγές επίδοσης, στους ασθενείς με ήπια γνωστική εξασθένηση, ασθενείς με πρώιμη Ν. Alzheimer και σταθερότητα στους αθενείς με ήπια Ν. Alzheimer. Τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας έδειξαν ότι η γνωστική παρέμβαση μπορεί να αναχαιτίσει τη γνωστική και λειτουργική έκπτωση, σε ασθενείς με Ν. Alzheimer τουλάχιστον για 10 μήνες και να επαναφέρει σε φυσιολογικά επίπεδα τους ασθενείς με ήπια γνωστική εξασθένηση
description: The study has investigated the effectiveness of cognitive intervention in patients with Alzhemer's disease and aimed at the improvement of cognitive and functional performance through practice of attention and executive function. The cognitive intervention was a method of systematic and well structured activation of the brain. The neuropsychological assessment before the intervention, after ot and 6 months after the end it, has shown improved cognitive and functional performance in patients with Alzheimer's disease(early), in patients with M.C.I. and stable performance in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease. The results have identified the effectiveness of the cognitive intervention in the inhibition of cognitive and functional impairment at least a period of 10 months