cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal clustering, climate periodicity, and social-ecological risk factors for dengue during an outbreak in Machala, Ecuador, in 2010
Creators: name: Ibarra, Anna M. Stewart
name: Munoz, Angel G.
name: Ryan, Sadie J.
name: Borbor, Mercy J.
name: Ayala, Efrain Beltran
name: Finkelstein, Julia L.
name: Mejia, Raul
name: Ordonez, Tania
name: Coronel, G. Cristina Recalde
name: Rivero, Keytia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The objective of this study was to characterize the spatiotemporal dynamics and climatic and social-ecological risk factors associated with the largest dengue epidemic to date in Machala, Ecuador, to inform the development of a dengue EWS. The following data were included in analyses: neighborhood-level georeferenced dengue cases, national census data, and entomological surveillance data from 2010; time series of weekly dengue cases (aggregated to the city-level) and meteorological data from 2003 to 2012. We applied LISA and Morans I to analyze the spatial distribution of the 2010 dengue cases, and developed multivariate logistic regression models through a multi-model selection process to identify census variables and entomological covariates associated with the presence of dengue at the neighborhood level. Using data aggregated at the city-level, we conducted a time-series (wavelet) analysis of weekly climate and dengue incidence (2003-2012) to identify significant time periods (e.g., annual, biannual) when climate co-varied with dengue, and to describe the climate conditions associated with the 2010 outbreak. We found significant hotspots of dengue transmission near the center of Machala. The best-fit model to predict the presence of dengue included older age and female gender of the head of the household, greater access to piped water in the home, poor housing condition, and less distance to the central hospital. Wavelet analyses revealed that dengue transmission co-varied with rainfall and minimum temperature at annual and biannual cycles, and we found that anomalously high rainfall and temperatures were associated with the 2010 outbreak. Our findings highlight the importance of geospatial information in dengue surveillance and the potential to develop a climate-driven spatiotemporal prediction models to inform disease prevention and control interventions.
description: Available at BMC Infectious Diseases: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/14/610
Robust Kernels for Robust Location Estimation
Creators: name: Gallego M, Joseph
name: Gonzalez O, Fabio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Kernels methods, robust statistics

description: This paper shows that least-square estimation (mean calculation) in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space (RKHS) $\mathcal{F}$ corresponds to different M-estimators in the original space depending on the kernel function associated with $\mathcal{F}$. In particular, we present a proof of the correspondence of mean estimation in an RKHS for the Gaussian kernel with robust estimation in the original space performed with the Welsch M-estimator. This result is generalized to other types of M-estimators. This generalization facilitates the definition of new robust kernels associated to Huber, Tukey, Cauchy and Andrews M-estimators. The new kernels are empirically evaluated in different clustering tasks where state-of-the-art robust clustering methods are compared to kernel-based clustering using robust kernels. The results show that some robust kernels perform on a par with the best state-of-the-art robust clustering methods.
title: Zum Integrationsprozess von DaZ-Beginner/innen in Deutschförderklassen
Creators: name: Gschliesser, Julia
Year: 2022

description: Integration findet zu einem großen Teil in der Institution Schule statt. Speziell für gerade erst zugewanderte Schüler/innen mit Fluchterfahrungen sind jene Veränderungen, die mit der Ankunft im Zielland verbunden sind, eine große Herausforderung. Denn zu ihrem Integrationsprozess gehört nicht nur das Erlernen der Landessprache, sondern auch die Berücksichtigung der vorherrschenden sprachlich-kulturellen Identität. Die Jugendlichen haben folglich die Möglichkeit, sich mit den im Zielland herrschenden kulturellen Deutungsmuster auseinanderzusetzen und diese zu erwerben, um dadurch am Bildungssystem und in der Gesellschaft partizipieren zu können. Im Rahmen der hier vorliegenden Untersuchung wurden drei DaZ-Lehrbücher (Startknopf Deutsch, Einstiegskurs DaZ und Deutschstunde. Komm dazu!) analysiert, die sich auf sprachliche Erstorientierung und Einstiegshilfen konzentrieren und zudem auch versuchen, den Integrationsprozess von neu zugewanderten Kindern und Jugendlichen begleitend zu unterstützen. Die Untersuchung erfolgte anhand einer Lehrbuchanalyse basierend auf einem selbsterstellten Kriterienkatalog. Es galt herauszufinden, inwiefern und mit welcher methodischen Herangehensweise auf die Lebenswelt der DaZ-Beginner/innen eingegangen wird, welche Hilfestellungen die Lehrbücher in Bezug auf die Bewältigung des Alltages bieten, welche Werte der Zielkultur vermittelt werden etc. Zusammenfassend lässt sich festhalten, dass es sich bei keinem der analysierten Unterrichtsmaterialien um ein „ideales“ Lehrbuch für Deutschförderklassen, welches den Integrationsprozess bei DaZ-Beginner/innen optimal fördert, handelt. Die Lehrbücher weisen dabei deutliche Defizite bei der Vermittlung und Darstellung von kulturspezifischen Inhalten des Ziellandes sowie auch in der Begegnung mit der Ausgangskultur bzw. anderen Kulturen. Die Tatsache, dass alle drei Lehrbücher den Forschungsfragen nur bis zu einem gewissen Grad bzw. gar nicht nachkommen, zeigt die Notwendigkeit einer vertiefenden Auseinandersetzung und Adaption bereits bestehender DaZ-Lehrbücher, die eine begleitende Unterstützung des Integrationsprozesses bei zugewanderten Jugendlichen ohne Deutschkenntnisse berücksichtigen.
Sexual Risk Behaviors among African-American and Hispanic Women in Five Counties in the Southeastern United States: 2008–2009
Creators: name: White, Becky L.
name: Hanna, Barbara
name: Borkowf, Craig B.
name: McLellan-Lemal, Eleanor
name: Simpson, Cathy
name: O'Daniels, Christine M.
name: Adimora, Adaora A.
name: Weiss, Stephen
name: Doherty, Irene A.
name: Marks, Gary
name: Villar-Loubet, Olga
name: Wheeling, John T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: We examined sexual risk behaviors and unrecognized HIV infection among heterosexually active African American (AA) and Hispanic women.
Efficient Non-Parametric Neural Density Estimation and Its Application to Outlier and Anomaly Detection
Creators: name: Gallego M, Joseph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Anomaly Detection, Density Estimation, Machine Learning, PhD Thesis Proposal

description: The main goal of this thesis is to develop efficient non-parametric density estimation methods
 that can be integrated with deep learning architectures, for instance, convolutional neural
 networks and transformers. Density estimation methods can be applied to different prob-
 lems in statistics and machine learning. They may be used to solve tasks such as anomaly
 detection, generative models, semi-supervised learning, compression, text-to-speech, among
 others. The present work will mainly focus on the application of the method in anomaly and
 outlier detection tasks such as medical anomaly detection, fraud detection, video surveil-
 lance, time series anomaly detection, industrial damage detection, among others. A recent
 approach to non-parametric density estimation is neural density estimation. One advantage
 of these methods is that they can be integrated with deep learning architectures and trained
 using gradient descent. Most of these methods are based on neural network implementations
 of normalizing flows which transform an original simpler distribution to a more complex one.
 The approach of this thesis is based on a different idea that combines random Fourier features
 with density matrices to estimate the underlying distribution function. The method can be
 seen as an approximation of the popular kernel density estimation method but without the
 inherent computational cost.
Ivodea confertifolia Capuron
Creators: name: Rabarimanarivo, Marina N.
name: Rakotonirina, Nivo H.
name: Phillipson, Peter B.
name: Lowry Ii, Porter P.
name: Labat, Jean-Noël
name: Pignal, Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Rutaceae
Ivodea
Ivodea confertifolia

description: 9. Ivodea confertifolia Capuron (Fig. 3) Adansonia, n.s., 1: 77 (1961). — Type: Madagascar, Prov. Antsiranana, Ampandrana, près de Sambava, [14°46’S, 50°10’E], 20 m, 20.V.1955, fl. ♀, fr., Service Forestier 14369 bis (holo-, P [P00418140]!; iso-, P [P00722594]!, TEF [TEF000458]!). AUTRE MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. — Madagascar. Prov. Antsiranana, forêt de Fotsialanana, Fahampotabe, Canton d’Ampanavoana, district d’Antalaha, [14°10’S, 49°36’E], 19.XI.1951, fr., Service Forestier 4093 (P, TEF). — Ampandrana, près de Sambava, [14°46’S, 50°10’E], 20 m, 20.V.1955, fl. ♂, Service Forestier 14369 (P [2 parts]). — Environs du Cap-Est, au sud d’Antalaha, [15°16’S, 50°28’E], 19.IV.1967, fr., Service Forestier 27792 (MO, P, TAN, TEF). RÉPARTITION ET ÉCOLOGIE Ivodea confertifolia est endémique des forêts ombrophiles côtières du Nord-est de Madagascar, dans les régions de Sambava et d’Antalaha, et à Cap-Est sur la presqu’île Masoala. PHÉNOLOGIE Floraison: mars à mai; fructification: avril à novembre. NOM VERNACULAIRE Tsimanotro (Service Forestier 4093). NOTES Cette espèce diffère clairement des autres membres du genre par ses grandes feuilles longuement oblancéolées et densément rassemblées à l’extrémité des rameaux,à pétiole grêle non ailé. C’est une plante en partie pubescente. STATUT DE CONSERVATION Connue d’une aire protégée (Parc National de Masoala) et de ses environs non protégés, avec une zone d’occurrence d’environ 3200 km ² et une zone d’occupation de 40 km ², cette espèce est provisoirement classée « En Danger » (EN B1ab(i,ii,iii,iv)+2ab(i,ii,iii,iv)) conformément aux critères pour la Liste Rouge de l’UICN (2012). Ces localités non protégées sont menacées par le charbonnage du bois, la coupe illicite et le tavy.
description: Published as part of Rabarimanarivo, Marina N., Rakotonirina, Nivo H., Phillipson, Peter B., Lowry Ii, Porter P., Labat, Jean-Noël & Pignal, Marc, 2015, Révision du genre Ivodea Capuron (Rutaceae), endémique de Madagascar et de l'archipel des Comores, pp. 63-102 in Adansonia 37 (1) on page 81, DOI: 10.5252/a2015n1a6, http://zenodo.org/record/7685945
On the Consistency of Ordinal Regression Methods
Creators: name: Pedregosa, Fabian
name: Bach, Francis
name: Gramfort, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many of the ordinal regression models that have been proposed in the literature can be seen as methods that minimize a convex surrogate of the zero-one, absolute, or squared loss functions. A key property that allows to study the statistical implications of such approximations is that of Fisher consistency. Fisher consistency is a desirable property for surrogate loss functions and implies that in the population setting, i.e., if the probability distribution that generates the data were available, then optimization of the surrogate would yield the best possible model. In this paper we will characterize the Fisher consistency of a rich family of surrogate loss functions used in the context of ordinal regression, including support vector ordinal regression, ORBoosting and least absolute deviation. We will see that, for a family of surrogate loss functions that subsumes support vector ordinal regression and ORBoosting, consistency can be fully characterized by the derivative of a real-valued function at zero, as happens for convex margin-based surrogates in binary classification. We also derive excess risk bounds for a surrogate of the absolute error that generalize existing risk bounds for binary classification. Finally, our analysis suggests a novel surrogate of the squared error loss. We compare this novel surrogate with competing approaches on 9 different datasets. Our method shows to be highly competitive in practice, outperforming the least squares loss on 7 out of 9 datasets.
description: Journal of Machine Learning Research 18 (2017)
Constraining dark matter in the LRTH model with latest LHC, XENON100 and LUX data
Creators: name: Liu, Yao-Bei
name: Xiao, Zhen-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the left-right twin Higgs (LRTH) model, the neutral $\hat{S}$ is a candidate for weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter (DM). If its mass is lighter than half of the SM-like Higgs boson $h$, the new invisible decay $h \to \hat{S}\hat{S}$ will become open. In this paper, we examine the status of a light dark matter ($\hat{S}$) under current experimental constraints including the latest LHC Higgs data, the XENON100 and LUX limit on the dark matter scattering off the nucleon. The following observations have been obtained: (i) The current ATLAS (CMS) measurements of $R_{γγ}$ can exclude the invisible Higgs branching ratio ${\rm Br}_{\rm inv}$ larger than $34\%$ ($48\%$) at $2σ$ level; (ii) the Global fits to the latest LHC and Tevatron Higgs data provide a stronger constraint: ${\rm Br}_{\rm inv}< 20\%$ ($30\%$) at $2σ$ ($3σ$) level, which could be tested in the LHC experiments; (iii) for the spin-independent scattering cross section off the nucleon, the recent XENON100 (LUX) data can exclude the invisible decay rate larger than $50\%$ $(25\%)$; and (iv) the results of direct DM searches with LUX can give strong constraint on the viable parameter space of $\{g_{h\hat{S}\hat{S}}, m_{\hat{S}}\}$ in this LRTH model.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures and 2 Tables. Text modified slightly. The final version published in J.Phys.G. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1003.4492 by other authors
Distances with <4% Precision from Type Ia Supernovae in Young Star-Forming Environments
Creators: name: Kelly, Patrick L.
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Burke, David L.
name: Hicken, Malcolm
name: Ganeshalingam, Mohan
name: Zheng, Weikang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The luminosities of Type Ia supernovae (SNe), the thermonuclear explosions of white-dwarf stars, vary systematically with their intrinsic color and the rate at which they fade. From images taken with the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX), we identified SNe Ia that erupted in environments that have high ultraviolet surface brightness and star-formation surface density. When we apply a steep model extinction law, we calibrate these SNe using their broadband optical light curves to within ~0.065 to 0.075 magnitudes, corresponding to <4% in distance. The tight scatter, probably arising from a small dispersion among progenitor ages, suggests that variation in only one progenitor property primarily accounts for the relationship between their light-curve widths, colors, and luminosities.
description: Published in the 27 March 2015 issue of Science; 24 pages, 10 figures, and 5 tables including Supplementary Materials
Ivodea cordata Capuron
Creators: name: Rabarimanarivo, Marina N.
name: Rakotonirina, Nivo H.
name: Phillipson, Peter B.
name: Lowry Ii, Porter P.
name: Labat, Jean-Noël
name: Pignal, Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Rutaceae
Ivodea
Ivodea cordata

description: 10. Ivodea cordata Capuron (Fig. 7) Adansonia, sér. 2, 7 (4): 490 (1967). — Type: Madagascar, Prov. Antsiranana, aux confins du Sambirano: dalles gréseuses, à la base sud-ouest du mont Ambohipiraka, près d’Ambilobe, [13°10’30”S, 49°06’00”E], 50 m, 9.III.1964, fr., Service Forestier 23407 (holo-, P [P00048301]!; iso-, P [P00048302]!, TEF [TEF000457]!). AUTRE MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ. — Madagascar. Prov. Antsiranana, aux confins du Sambirano: dalles gréseuses, à la base sud-ouest du mont Ambohipiraka, près d’Ambilobe, [13°10’30”S, 49°06’00”E], 50 m, 9.III.1964, fl. ♂ jeunes, Service Forestier 23406 (G, P [4 parts], TEF). RÉPARTITION ET ÉCOLOGIE Cette espèce, endémique de la Province d’Antsiranana, est connue de la seule localité d’Ambohipiraka dans la végétation xérophile sur dalles gréseuses. PHÉNOLOGIE Fructification: mars. NOTES Ivodea cordata se distingue des autres membres du genre par ses grandes feuilles ovales, arrondies ou plus souvent cordées à la base, avec un apex aigu. Cette plante est glabre sauf sur le pistillode et les carpelles, qui sont un peu pubérulents. STATUT DE CONSERVATION Cette espèce, récoltée une seule fois il y a presque 50 ans dans une localité non protégée et menacée par les feux, le tavy et l’exploitation sélective de la forêt, et avec une zone d’occupation de 10 km ², est provisoirement classée « En Danger Critique » (CR B2ab(i,ii,iii,iv,v)) conformément aux critères pour la Liste Rouge de l’UICN (2012).
description: Published as part of Rabarimanarivo, Marina N., Rakotonirina, Nivo H., Phillipson, Peter B., Lowry Ii, Porter P., Labat, Jean-Noël & Pignal, Marc, 2015, Révision du genre Ivodea Capuron (Rutaceae), endémique de Madagascar et de l'archipel des Comores, pp. 63-102 in Adansonia 37 (1) on pages 81-82, DOI: 10.5252/a2015n1a6, http://zenodo.org/record/7685945
Sexuality, Sexual Practices, and HIV Risk Among Incarcerated African-American Women in North Carolina
Creators: name: Jones, Chaunetta
name: Grodensky, Catherine A.
name: Farel, Claire E.
name: Fogel, Catherine I.
name: Muessig, Kathryn E.
name: Parker, Sharon D.
name: Golin, Carol E.
name: Wohl, David A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Background—Women who have been in prison carry a greater lifetime risk of HIV for reasons
that are not well understood. This effect is amplified in the Southeastern United States, where HIV
incidence and prevalence is especially high among African American (AA) women. The role of
consensual sexual partnerships in the context of HIV risk, especially same-sex partnerships, merits
further exploration.
Methods—We conducted digitally recorded qualitative interviews with 29 AA women (15 HIVpositive,
14 HIV-negative) within three months after entry into the state prison system. We
explored potential pre-incarceration HIV risk factors, including personal sexual practices. Two
researchers thematically coded interview transcripts and a consensus committee reviewed coding.
Results—Women reported complex sexual risk profiles during the six months prior to
incarceration, including sex with women as well as prior sexual partnerships with both men and
women. Condom use with primary male partners was low and a history of transactional sex work
was prevalent. These behaviors were linked to substance use, particularly among HIV-positive
women.
Conclusions—Although women may not formally identify as bisexual or lesbian, sex with
women was an important component of this cohort’s sexuality. Addressing condom use,
heterogeneity of sexual practices, and partner concurrency among at-risk women should be
considered for reducing HIV acquisition and preventing forward transmission in women with a
history of incarceration.
A scale-bridging modeling approach for anisotropic organic molecules at patterned semiconductor surfaces
Creators: name: Kleppmann, Nicola
name: Klapp, Sabine H. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hybrid systems consisting of organic molecules at inorganic semiconductor surfaces are gaining increasing importance as thin film devices for optoelectronics. The efficiency of such devices strongly depends on the collective behavior of the adsorbed molecules. In the present paper we propose a novel, coarse-grained model addressing the condensed phases of a representative hybrid system, that is, para-sexiphenyl (6P) at zinc-oxide (ZnO). Within our model, intermolecular interactions are repre- sented via a Gay-Berne potential (describing steric and van-der-Waals interactions) combined with the electrostatic potential between two linear quadrupoles. Similarly, the molecule-substrate interactions include a coupling between a linear molecular quadrupole to the electric field generated by the line charges characterizing ZnO(10-10). To validate our approach, we perform equilibrium Monte Carlo simulations, where the lateral positions are fixed to a 2D lattice, while the rotational degrees of freedom are continuous. We use these simulations to investigate orientational ordering in the condensed state. We reproduce various experimentally observed features such as the alignment of individual molecules with the line charges on the surface, the formation of a standing uniaxial phase with a herringbone structure, as well as the formation of a lying nematic phase.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures
Selected Preconception Health Indicators and Birth Weight Disparities in a National Study
Creators: name: Strutz, Kelly L.
name: Richardson, Liana J.
name: Hussey, Jon M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: This analysis explored the effect of timing, sequencing, and change in preconception health across adolescence and young adulthood on racial/ethnic disparities in birth weight in a diverse national cohort of young adult women.
On vector-valued Poincaré series of weight 2
Creators: name: Meneses, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a pair $(Γ,ρ)$ of a Fuchsian group of the first kind, and a unitary representation $ρ$ of $Γ$ of arbitrary rank, the problem of construction of vector-valued Poincaré series of weight 2 is considered. Implications in the theory of parabolic bundles are discussed. When the genus of the group is zero, it is shown how an explicit basis for the space of these functions can be constructed.
description: Final version, 21 pages. To appear in the Journal of Geometry and Physics (2017)
Rural Conditions and Trends
Creators: name: USDA ERS
name: USDA ERS
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Overview: Rural Areas Continue To Benefit from the Economic Expansion; National Economic Issues and Trends: U.S. Economy Moderates in 1997; Employment and Unemployment: Employment Growth Rates Converge for Metro and Nonmetro Areas, Employment Growth and Unemployment Rate Often Identify Different Counties as Prosperous, Nonmetro Multiple Jobholding Rate Higher than Metro; Earnings and Income: Rural Earnings Edge Up in the 1990’s, Rural Median Household Income Increases, Nonmetro Personal Income Increases in the 1990’s, Rural Poverty Rate Edges Downward, Family Structure and Employment Characteristics Differentiate Poor from Near-Poor Workers, Migration Contributes to Nonmetro Per Capita Income Growth; Population: Nonmetro Population Growth Rebound of the 1990’s Continues, But at a Slower Recent Rate, Nonmetro Elders Better Off than Metro Elders on Some Measures, Not on Others, Fewer Immigrants Settle in Nonmetro Areas and Most Fare Less Well than Metro Immigrants; Rural Well-being: Births to Unmarried Mothers Are Rising Faster in Rural Areas, Rural Housing Conditions Improve but Affordability Continues To Be a Problem; Farm Labor: Number of Hired Farmworkers Increases, but Their Median Weekly Earnings Show Little Improvement; Farm Household Income and Wealth: Farm Operator Household Income and Wealth Compare Favorably With All U.S. Households; Appendix: Data Sources and Definitions; Appendix: 1994 Current Population Survey Redesign; Appendix Tables
Ivodea cristata Capuron
Creators: name: Rabarimanarivo, Marina N.
name: Rakotonirina, Nivo H.
name: Phillipson, Peter B.
name: Lowry Ii, Porter P.
name: Labat, Jean-Noël
name: Pignal, Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Rutaceae
Ivodea
Ivodea cristata

description: 11. Ivodea cristata Capuron (Fig. 3) Adansonia, sér. 2, 7 (4): 494 (1967). — Type: Madagascar, Prov. Toamasina, Soanierana-Ivongo, forêt ombrophile sur latérite, [16°56’S, 49°34’E], 50-100 m, 27.XI.1964, fr., Service Forestier 23819 (holo-, P [P00048303]!; iso-, K [K000199355, K000199356]!, MO [05006713]!, P [P00048304, P00048305]!, TEF [TEF000456]!). RÉPARTITION ET ÉCOLOGIE Cette espèce n’est connue que par le matériel type provenant des forêts ombrophiles à basse altitude de 50-100 m, sur latérite de Soanierana-Ivongo, dans le Nord-est de Madagascar. Capuron (1967) a noté un peuplement trouvé dans une localité située à quelques kilomètres plus au nord de SoanieranaIvongo, dans la forêt de Sahavolamena, mais aucune récolte n’est connue de ce site. PHÉNOLOGIE Fructification: novembre. NOTES Ivodea cristata se reconnaît par ses grandes feuilles non groupées en bouquets denses, à pétioles robustes, et ses follicules recouverts des tubercules et d’excroissances lamelliformes. STATUT DE CONSERVATION Ivodea cristata n’est connue que d’une seule localité non protégée, et avec une zone d’occupation de 10 km ², elle est provisoirement classée « En Danger Critique » (CR B2ab (i,ii,iii,iv,v)) conformément aux critères pour la Liste Rouge de l’UICN (2012). L’habitat de cette espèce est fragmenté et perturbé par l’exploitation illicite de bois et par le tavy.
description: Published as part of Rabarimanarivo, Marina N., Rakotonirina, Nivo H., Phillipson, Peter B., Lowry Ii, Porter P., Labat, Jean-Noël & Pignal, Marc, 2015, Révision du genre Ivodea Capuron (Rutaceae), endémique de Madagascar et de l'archipel des Comores, pp. 63-102 in Adansonia 37 (1) on page 82, DOI: 10.5252/a2015n1a6, http://zenodo.org/record/7685945
description: {"references": ["CAPURON R. 1967. - Nouvelles observations sur les Rutacees de Madagascar. Notes complementaires sur le genre Ivodea et description de trois especes et d'une variete nouvelles. Adansonia, ser. 2, 7 (4): 487 - 500."]}
World Allergy Organization-McMaster University Guidelines for Allergic Disease Prevention (GLAD-P): Probiotics
Creators: name: Terracciano, Luigi
name: Canonica, Giorgio W
name: Yepes-Nuñez, Juan José
name: Prescott, Susan
name: Burks, Wesley
name: Agarwal, Arnav
name: Li, Haiqi
name: Riva, John J
name: Vereda-Ortiz, Andrea
name: Spigler, Michael
name: Sampson, Hugh
name: Brożek, Jan L
name: Ahn, Kangmo
name: Schünemann, Holger J
name: Al-Hammadi, Suleiman
name: Waserman, Susan
name: Kamenwa, Rose
name: Beyer, Kirsten
name: Fiocchi, Alessandro
name: Rosenwasser, Lanny
name: Pawankar, Ruby
name: Lee, Bee Wah
name: Cuello-Garcia, Carlos
name: Ebisawa, Motohiro
name: Gandhi, Shreyas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: BackgroundPrevalence of allergic diseases in infants, whose parents and siblings do not have allergy, is approximately 10% and reaches 20–30% in those with an allergic first-degree relative. Intestinal microbiota may modulate immunologic and inflammatory systemic responses and, thus, influence development of sensitization and allergy. Probiotics have been reported to modulate immune responses and their supplementation has been proposed as a preventive intervention.ObjectiveThe World Allergy Organization (WAO) convened a guideline panel to develop evidence-based recommendations about the use of probiotics in the prevention of allergy.MethodsWe identified the most relevant clinical questions and performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials of probiotics for the prevention of allergy. We followed the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to develop recommendations. We searched for and reviewed the evidence about health effects, patient values and preferences, and resource use (up to November 2014). We followed the GRADE evidence-to-decision framework to develop recommendations.ResultsCurrently available evidence does not indicate that probiotic supplementation reduces the risk of developing allergy in children. However, considering all critical outcomes in this context, the WAO guideline panel determined that there is a likely net benefit from using probiotics resulting primarily from prevention of eczema. The WAO guideline panel suggests: a) using probiotics in pregnant women at high risk for having an allergic child; b) using probiotics in women who breastfeed infants at high risk of developing allergy; and c) using probiotics in infants at high risk of developing allergy. All recommendations are conditional and supported by very low quality evidence.ConclusionsWAO recommendations about probiotic supplementation for prevention of allergy are intended to support parents, clinicians and other health care professionals in their decisions whether to use probiotics in pregnancy and during breastfeeding, and whether to give them to infants.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40413-015-0055-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
title: Technofeminismus im Ethikunterricht
Creators: name: Neubauer, Martin
Year: 2022

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit geht der Frage nach, ob sich technofeministische Positionen für das Vermitteln von Technikethik an der Sekundarstufe eignen. Sie basiert auf den fach-didaktischen Prämissen, dass der Ethikunterricht einerseits zum Selbst-Denken anleiten, andererseits das Ziel einer gerechteren Welt verfolgen soll. Die Auseinandersetzung mit dem Technik-Begriff führt zu einem Überblick über Entwicklungen in der Technikethik und in der feministischen Technikphilosophie. Das Konzept des Technofeminismus betont, dass Technik als sozial konstruiert zu verstehen ist und damit die tendenzielle patriarchalischen Herrschaftsverhältnisse darin einfließen. Technik sei nie neutral, sondern immer politisch. Zwei Gründe sprechen dafür, diese Positionen in den Unterricht von Technikethik in der Sekundarschule einfließen zu lassen. Erstens veranschaulicht der Technofeminismus anhand der Gender-Dimension sehr gut, welche Werte in technischen Produkten verkörpert sind. Zweitens schafft er das Bewusstsein für den politischen Charakter von Technologie. Im abschließenden Kapitel wird untersucht, welche Beiträge die feministische Technikphilosophie in ausgewählten Bereichen leisten kann, die der Lehrplan für die österreichische Sekundarstufe vorsieht oder die sich aufgrund eines klaren Bezug zur Alltagswelt der Jugendlichen anbieten.
description: This master thesis analyzes if technofeminist positions are suitable to teach ethics of technology at secondary school. It is based on two didactic presumptions: first, that ethic classes should lead to autonomous thinking, second that it should aim for a world that is fairer than now. The discussion of the term technology leads to a survey of developments in the field of ethics of technology and feminist philosophy of technology. Judy Wajcman published her book TechnoFeminism and thus coined a term for an approach to technoscience that includes the social construction of technology and the dimension of gender. She alludes that technology is never neutral, but always implicitly political. I try to show that this approach is suitable for the use at secondary school. By highlighting the gender dimension of technological artefacts, technofeminist approaches illustrate which values are embodied in technological products. Moreover, it raises the awareness for the political character of technology and for the fact that we can influence its further development. The final chapter examines what technofeminism can contribute to areas of ethics of technology that are either regulated by the curriculum or relevant to the everyday life of teenagers.
Ultrafast terahertz probes of interacting dark excitons in chirality-specific semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Luo, Liang
name: Chatzakis, Ioannis
name: Patz, Aaron
name: Wang, Jigang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy accesses the {\em dark} excitonic ground state in resonantly-excited (6,5) SWNTs via internal, direct dipole-allowed transitions between lowest lying dark-bright pair state $\sim$6 meV. An analytical model reproduces the response which enables quantitative analysis of transient densities of dark excitons and {\em e-h} plasma, oscillator strength, transition energy renormalization and dynamics. %excitation-induced renormalization. Non-equilibrium, yet stable, quasi-1D quantum states with dark excitonic correlations rapidly emerge even with increasing off-resonance photoexcitation and experience a unique crossover to complex phase-space filling of %a complex distribution between both dark and bright pair states, different from dense 2D/3D excitons influenced by the thermalization, cooling and ionization to free carriers.
A Hedge to Retrieve Studies Related to India from the OVID MEDLINE Database
Creators: Campbell, Sandra M.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

This hedge is designed to retrieve studies related to India from the OVID Medline database.  This is an archived version of the hedge.  For the current version see Health Sciences Search Filters https://ualberta.libapps.com/libguides/admin_c.php?g=342568&p=5109801
Does Collaborative Editing Help Mitigate Security Vulnerabilities in Crowd-Shared IoT Code Examples?
Creators: name: Selvaraj, Madhu
name: Uddin, Gias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background: With the proliferation of crowd-sourced developer forums, software developers are increasingly sharing more coding solutions to programming problems with others in forums. The decentralized nature of knowledge sharing on sites has raised the concern of sharing security vulnerable code, which then can be reused into mission critical software systems - making those systems vulnerable in the process. Collaborative editing has been introduced in forums like Stack Overflow to improve the quality of the shared contents. Aim: In this paper, we investigate whether code editing can mitigate shared vulnerable code examples by analyzing IoT code snippets and their revisions in three Stack Exchange sites: Stack Overflow, Arduino, and Raspberry Pi. Method:We analyze the vulnerabilities present in shared IoT C/C++ code snippets, as C/C++ is one of the most widely used languages in mission-critical devices and low-powered IoT devices. We further analyse the revisions made to these code snippets, and their effects. Results: We find several vulnerabilities such as CWE 788 - Access of Memory Location After End of Buffer, in 740 code snippets . However, we find the vast majority of posts are not revised, or revisions are not made to the code snippets themselves (598 out of 740). We also find that revisions are most likely to result in no change to the number of vulnerabilities in a code snippet rather than deteriorating or improving the snippet. Conclusions: We conclude that the current collaborative editing system in the forums may be insufficient to help mitigate vulnerabilities in the shared code.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures, ESEM22
Observations of a Magellanic Corona
Creators: name: Krishnarao, Dhanesh
name: Fox, Andrew J.
name: D'Onghia, Elena
name: Wakker, Bart P.
name: Cashman, Frances H.
name: Howk, J. Christopher
name: Lucchini, Scott
name: French, David M.
name: Lehner, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC/SMC) are the closest major satellite galaxies of the Milky Way. They are likely on their first passage on an infalling orbit towards our Galaxy (Besla et al. 2007) and trace the ongoing dynamics of the Local Group (D'Onghia & Fox 2016). Recent measurements of a high mass for the LMC (M_halo = 10^(11.1-11.4) solar masses; Penarrubia et al. 2016, Erkal et al. 2018, 2019, Kallivayalil et al. 2018) imply the LMC should host a Magellanic Corona: a collisionally ionized, warm-hot gaseous halo at the virial temperature (10^(5.3-5.5) K) initially extending out to the virial radius (100-130 kpc). Such a Corona would have shaped the formation of the Magellanic Stream (Lucchini et al. 2020), a tidal gas structure extending over 200 degrees across the sky (D'Onghia & Fox 2016, Besla et al. 2012, Nidever et al. 2010) that is bringing in metal poor gas to the Milky Way (Fox et al. 2014). No observational evidence for such an extended Corona has been published previously, with detections of highly ionized gas only reported in directions directly toward the LMC, where winds from the LMC disk may dominate (deBoer & Savage 1980, Wakker et al. 1998). Here we show evidence for this Magellanic Corona with a potential direct detection in highly ionized oxygen (O^+5), and indirectly via triply-ionized carbon and silicon, seen in ultraviolet absorption toward background quasars. We find that the Magellanic Corona is part of a pervasive multiphase Magellanic circumgalactic medium (CGM) seen in many ionization states with a declining projected radial profile out to at least 35 kpc from the LMC and a total ionized CGM mass of log_10(M_HII;CGM/solar masses) = 9.1 +/- 0.2. The evidence for the Magellanic Corona is a crucial step forward in characterizing the Magellanic Group and its nested evolution with the Local Group.
description: View published, open access version here: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05090-5 Main Text: 7 Pages, 4 Figures Methods: 19 Pages, 7 Extended Data Figures, 3 Extended Data Tables
Metamorphosis of helical magnetorotational instability in the presence axial electric current
Creators: name: Priede, Jānis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents numerical linear stability analysis of a cylindrical Taylor-Couette flow of liquid metal carrying axial electric current in a generally helical external magnetic field. Axially symmetric disturbances are considered in the inductionless approximation corresponding to zero magnetic Prandtl number. Axial symmetry allows us to reveal an entirely new electromagnetic instability. First, we show that the electric current passing through the liquid can extend the range of helical magnetorotational instability (HMRI) indefinitely by transforming it into a purely electromagnetic instability. Two different electromagnetic instability mechanisms are identified. The first is an internal pinch-type instability, which is due to the interaction of the electric current with its own magnetic field. Axisymmetric mode of this instability requires a free-space component of the azimuthal magnetic field. When the azimuthal component of the magnetic field is purely rotational and the axial component is nonzero, a new kind of electromagnetic instability emerges. The latter driven by the interaction of electric current with a weak collinear magnetic field in a quiescent fluid gives rise to a steady meridional circulation coupled with azimuthal rotation.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures, final version
Epidemiology of Injuries at a Tertiary Care Center in Malawi
Creators: name: Miller, William C.
name: Brown, Lillian B.
name: Hoffman, Mariah
name: Charles, Anthony G.
name: Hoffman, Irving F.
name: Muyco, Arturo P.
name: Akinkuotu, Adesola
name: Villaveces, Andres
name: Lee, Clara N.
name: Samuel, Jonathan C.
name: Baloyi, Paul
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Injury surveillance is an ongoing process required for primary, secondary, and tertiary injury prevention. In Malawi, hospital-based injury data are not available.
Steady state and mean recurrence time for random walks on stochastic temporal networks
Creators: name: Speidel, Leo
name: Lambiotte, Renaud
name: Aihara, Kazuyuki
name: Masuda, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Random walks are basic diffusion processes on networks and have applications in, for example, searching, navigation, ranking, and community detection. Recent recognition of the importance of temporal aspects on networks spurred studies of random walks on temporal networks. Here we theoretically study two types of event-driven random walks on a stochastic temporal network model that produces arbitrary distributions of interevent-times. In the so-called active random walk, the interevent-time is reinitialized on all links upon each movement of the walker. In the so-called passive random walk, the interevent-time is only reinitialized on the link that has been used last time, and it is a type of correlated random walk. We find that the steady state is always the uniform density for the passive random walk. In contrast, for the active random walk, it increases or decreases with the node's degree depending on the distribution of interevent-times. The mean recurrence time of a node is inversely proportional to the degree for both active and passive random walks. Furthermore, the mean recurrence time does or does not depend on the distribution of interevent-times for the active and passive random walks, respectively.
description: 5 figures
Detection of Prosodic Boundaries in Speech Using Wav2Vec 2.0
Creators: name: Kunešová, Marie
name: Řezáčková, Markéta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Prosodic boundaries in speech are of great relevance to both speech synthesis and audio annotation. In this paper, we apply the wav2vec 2.0 framework to the task of detecting these boundaries in speech signal, using only acoustic information. We test the approach on a set of recordings of Czech broadcast news, labeled by phonetic experts, and compare it to an existing text-based predictor, which uses the transcripts of the same data. Despite using a relatively small amount of labeled data, the wav2vec2 model achieves an accuracy of 94% and F1 measure of 83% on within-sentence prosodic boundaries (or 95% and 89% on all prosodic boundaries), outperforming the text-based approach. However, by combining the outputs of the two different models we can improve the results even further.
description: This preprint is a pre-review version of the paper and does not contain any post-submission improvements or corrections. The Version of Record of this contribution is published in the proceedings of the International Conference on Text, Speech, and Dialogue (TSD 2022), LNAI volume 13502, and is available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16270-1_31
Surgery and Global Public Health: The UNC-Malawi Surgical Initiative as a Model for Sustainable Collaboration
Creators: name: Cairns, Bruce
name: Samuel, Jonathan
name: Lee, Clara
name: Qureshi, Javeria S.
name: Charles, Anthony G.
name: Shores, Carol
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Addressing global health disparities in the developing world gained prominence during the first decade of the twenty-first century. The HIV/AIDS epidemic triggered much interest in and funding for health improvement and mortality reduction in low- and middle-income nations, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Alliances between U.S. academic medical centers and African nations were created through the departments of internal medicine and infectious disease. However, the importance of addressing surgical disease as part of global public health is becoming recognized as part of international health development efforts. We propose a novel model to reduce the global burden of surgical diseases in resource poor settings by incorporating a sustained institutional surgical presence with our residency training experience by placing a senior surgical resident to provide continuity of care and facilitate training of local personnel. We present the experiences of the University of North Carolina (UNC) Department of Surgery as part of the UNC Project in Malawi as an example of this innovative approach.
Impact of the CMB on the evolution of AGNs and their relativisitc jets at the highest redshift
Creators: name: Ighina, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio-Loud (RL) Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) are among the brightest astrophysical sources at all wavelengths. Their relativistic jets can affect both their Supermassive Black Holes (SMBHs) growth and the surrounding intergalactic medium. While in the radio band these jets can be observed at all scales (from pc to Mpc scales), their X-ray and γ-ray emission is expected to be concentrated on very small scales (<10 pc). However, after the launch of the Chandra X-ray telescope, several kpc-scale jets were detected and the mechanism responsible for their high-energy radiation at these scales is still under debate. Understanding its origin is crucial also to derive the physical properties of these jets (e.g. the power) at large scales and, as a consequence, their impact on the environment. In the following, we explore the Inverse Compton interaction of the relativistic electrons within relativistic jets with the Cosmic Microwave background photons (IC/CMB) as possible interpretation. Moreover, we also estimate how this interpretation could also affect the observed evolution across cosmic times of the SMBHs hosted in jetted systems.
description: Published on the Hypatia Colloquium 2022 book of proceedings
Magneto-Dielectric Behavior in $La_{0.53}Ca_{0.47}MnO_{3}$
Creators: name: Pandey, Suchita
name: Kumar, Jitender
name: Awasthi, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prospect magneto-dielectricity in $La_{0.53}Ca_{0.47}MnO_{3}$ across its paramagnetic (PMI) to ferromagnetic (FMM) isostructural transition at $T_{C} \sim 253K$, by magnetic ($(M)$), caloric ($(W)$), dielectric ($(ε')$), magneto-resistive (MR), and magneto-capacitance (MC) investigations. Skew-broadened first-order transition character is confirmed via heating/cooling hystereses in $(M)(T)$ and $(W)(T)$, with superheating temperature $T**$ almost next to $T_C$ and supercooling temperature $T*$ exhibiting kinetics. Above $T_C$, linearly-related MC and MR reflect purely magneto-resistance effect. Near $T_C$, the high-frequency MC(5T) much exceeds the magneto-losses, and is uncorrelated with dc MR(5T) in the FM-ordered state. The intrinsic magneto-dielectricity manifest below $T_C$ and above ~kHz is traced to an intra-granular Maxwell-Wagner-type effect at the interface-region of PMI-FMM phase-coexistence.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, and 39 references