cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Decoherence and momentum relaxation in Fermi-polaron Rabi dynamics: a kinetic equation approach
Creators: name: Wasak, Tomasz
name: Sighinolfi, Matteo
name: Lang, Johannes
name: Piazza, Francesco
name: Recati, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite the paradigmatic nature of the Fermi-polaron model, the theoretical description of its nonlinear dynamics poses challenges. Here, we apply a quantum kinetic theory of driven polarons to recent experiments with ultracold atoms, where Rabi oscillations between a Fermi-polaron state and a non-interacting level were reported. The resulting equations separate decoherence from momentum relaxation, with the corresponding rates showing a different dependence on microscopic scattering processes and quasi-particle properties. We describe both the polaron ground state and the excited repulsive-polaron state and we find a good quantitative agreement between our predictions and the available experimental data without any fitting parameter. Our approach not only takes into account collisional phenomena, but also it can be used to study the different roles played by decoherence and the collisional integral in the strongly interacting highly-imbalanced mixture of Fermi gases.
description: 6 pages (main text), 14 pages (supplemental material), 3+5 figures
Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-ojs-10.1177_23259671231158373 - Medial Ulnar Collateral Ligament Repair With Augmentation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Preclinical Studies
Creators: name: Boksh, Khalis
name: Mishra, Pranav
name: Akram, Nimra
name: Abdolrazaghi, Sina
name: Singh, Harvinder
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 110314 Orthopaedics
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110604 Sports Medicine
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-ojs-10.1177_23259671231158373 for Medial Ulnar Collateral Ligament Repair With Augmentation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Preclinical Studies by Khalis Boksh, Pranav Mishra, Nimra Akram, Sina Abdolrazaghi and Harvinder Singh in Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine
sj-docx-1-pal-10.1177_08258597231171823 - Supplemental material for Post-graduate Course in Palliative Medicine: Experiences from an E-Learning-Based Pilot Program, a Mixed Methods Study
Creators: name: Lamminmäki, Annamarja
name: Hökkä, Minna
name: Hirvonen, Outi
name: Rahko, Eeva
name: Saarto, Tiina
name: Lehto, Juho
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 111702 Aged Health Care
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-pal-10.1177_08258597231171823 for Post-graduate Course in Palliative Medicine: Experiences from an E-Learning-Based Pilot Program, a Mixed Methods Study by Annamarja Lamminmäki, Minna Hökkä, Outi Hirvonen, Eeva Rahko, Tiina Saarto and Juho Lehto in Journal of Palliative Care
Radiative heat transfer in low-symmetry Bravais crystal
Creators: name: Zhou, ChengLong
name: Tang, GaoMing
name: Zhang, Yong
name: Antezza, Mauro
name: Yi, HongLiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the last few years, broken symmetry within crystals has attracted extensive attention since it can improve the control of light propagation. In particular, low-symmetry Bravais crystal can support shear polaritons which has great potential in thermal photonics. In this work, we report a twist-induced near-field thermal control system based on the low-symmetry Bravais crystal medium (\b{eta}-Ga2O3). The near-field thermal radiation (NFTR) between such crystal slabs is nearly four orders of magnitude larger than the blackbody limit, exceeding the NFTR from other traditional dielectric materials. Moreover, we show that this crystal can serve as an excellent platform for twist-induced near-field thermal control. Due to the intrinsic shear effect, the twist-induced modulation supported by low-symmetry Bravais crystal exceeds that by high-symmetry crystal. We further clarify how the shear effect affects the twist-induced thermal-radiation modulation supported by hyperbolic and elliptical polaritons and show that the shear effect significantly enhances the twist-induced thermal control induced by the elliptical polariton mode. These results open new directions for thermal-radiation control in low-symmetry materials, including geological minerals, common oxides, and organic crystals.
Electromagnetic scattering by a partially graphene-coated dielectric cylinder : efficient computation and multiple plasmonic resonances
Creators: name: Jeyar, Youssef
name: Antezza, Mauro
name: Guizal, Brahim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical approach for the solution of electromagnetic scattering from a dielectric cylinder partially covered with graphene. It is based on a classical Fourier-Bessel expansion of the fields inside and outside the cylinder to which we apply ad-hoc boundary conditions in presence of graphene. Due to the singular nature of the electric field at the edges of the graphene sheet, we introduce auxiliary boundary conditions. The result is particularly simple and very efficient method allowing the study of diffraction from such structures. We also highlight the presence of multiple plasmonic resonances that we ascribe to the surface modes of the coated cylinder.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures
Photon Tunneling Reconstitution in Black Phosphorus/hBN Heterostructure
Creators: name: Yi, Cheng-Long Zhou Yong Zhang Zahra Torbatian Dino Novko Mauro Antezza Hong-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excitation of hybrid modes constituted by different material-supported polaritons is a common way to enhance the near-field radiative energy transport, which has fascinating promise in applications of thermal photonics. Here, we investigate near-field thermal radiation mechanisms in heterostructure composed of hBN film and black phosphorus single layer. The results show that this heterostructured system can give rise to a remarkable enhancement for photon tunneling, outperforming the near-field thermal radiation properties of its building blocks, as well as some other representative heterostructures. Moreover, we find that the anisotropic hybrid effect can induce a remarkable topological reconstitution of polaritons for hBN film and black phosphorus, forming a novel anisotropic hybrid polaritons. Notably, such hybrid modes show significant topological differences compared to hBN film and black phosphorus in the type-I Reststrahlen band due to the anisotropic anticrossing hybridization effect. Lastly, we systematically analyze the evolution of such hybrid polariton modes as a function of hBN film thickness and the corresponding influence on radiative properties of the heterostructure. This work may benefit the applications of near-field energy harvesting and radiative cooling based on hybrid polaritons in anisotropic two-dimensional material and hyperbolic film.
Performance Analysis: Discovering Semi-Markov Models From Event Logs
Creators: name: Kalenkova, Anna
name: Mitchell, Lewis
name: Roughan, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Process mining is a well-established discipline of data analysis focused on the discovery of process models from information systems' event logs. Recently, an emerging subarea of process mining, known as stochastic process discovery, has started to evolve. Stochastic process discovery considers frequencies of events in the event data and allows for a more comprehensive analysis. In particular, when the durations of activities are presented in the event log, performance characteristics of the discovered stochastic models can be analyzed, e.g., the overall process execution time can be estimated. Existing performance analysis techniques usually discover stochastic process models from event data, and then simulate these models to evaluate their execution times. These methods rely on empirical approaches. This paper proposes analytical techniques for performance analysis that allow for the derivation of statistical characteristics of the overall processes' execution times in the presence of arbitrary time distributions of events modeled by semi-Markov processes. The proposed methods include express analysis, focused on the mean execution time estimation, and full analysis techniques that build probability density functions (PDFs) of process execution times in both continuous and discrete forms. These methods are implemented and tested on real-world event data, demonstrating their potential for what-if analysis by providing solutions without resorting to simulation. Specifically, we demonstrated that the discrete approach is more time-efficient for small duration support sizes compared to the simulation technique. Furthermore, we showed that the continuous approach, with PDFs represented as Mixtures of Gaussian Models (GMMs), facilitates the discovery of more compact and interpretable models.
description: This work has been accepted to IEEE Access journal
Disorder-induced topological phase transition in HgCdTe crystals
Creators: name: Krishtopenko, Sergey S.
name: Antezza, Mauro
name: Teppe, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the self-consistent Born approximation, we study a topological phase transition appearing in bulk HgCdTe crystals induced \emph{uncorrelated} disorder due to both randomly distributed impurities and fluctuations in Cd composition. By following the density-of-states evolution, we clearly demonstrate the topological phase transition, which can be understood in terms of the disorder-renormalized mass of Kane fermions. We find that the presence of heavy-hole band in HgCdTe crystals leads to the topological phase transition at much lower disorder strength than it is expected for conventional 3D topological insulators. Our theoretical results can be also applied to other narrow-gap zinc-blende semiconductors such as InAs, InSb and their ternary alloys InAsSb.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
A reduced order Schwarz method for nonlinear multiscale elliptic equations based on two-layer neural networks
Creators: name: Chen, Shi
name: Ding, Zhiyan
name: Li, Qin
name: Wright, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N55, 35J66, 41A46, 68T07

description: Neural networks are powerful tools for approximating high dimensional data that have been used in many contexts, including solution of partial differential equations (PDEs). We describe a solver for multiscale fully nonlinear elliptic equations that makes use of domain decomposition, an accelerated Schwarz framework, and two-layer neural networks to approximate the boundary-to-boundary map for the subdomains, which is the key step in the Schwarz procedure. Conventionally, the boundary-to-boundary map requires solution of boundary-value elliptic problems on each subdomain. By leveraging the compressibility of multiscale problems, our approach trains the neural network offline to serve as a surrogate for the usual implementation of the boundary-to-boundary map. Our method is applied to a multiscale semilinear elliptic equation and a multiscale $p$-Laplace equation. In both cases we demonstrate significant improvement in efficiency as well as good accuracy and generalization performance.
InviCloak: An End-to-End Approach to Privacy and Performance in Web Content Distribution
Creators: name: Lin, Shihan
name: Xin, Rui
name: Goel, Aayush
name: Yang, Xiaowei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In today's web ecosystem, a website that uses a Content Delivery Network (CDN) shares its Transport Layer Security (TLS) private key or session key with the CDN. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of InviCloak, a system that protects the confidentiality and integrity of a user and a website's private communications without changing TLS or upgrading a CDN. InviCloak builds a lightweight but secure and practical key distribution mechanism using the existing DNS infrastructure to distribute a new public key associated with a website's domain name. A web client and a website can use the new key pair to build an encryption channel inside TLS. InviCloak accommodates the current web ecosystem. A website can deploy InviCloak unilaterally without a client's involvement to prevent a passive attacker inside a CDN from eavesdropping on their communications. If a client also installs InviCloak's browser extension, the client and the website can achieve end-to-end confidential and untampered communications in the presence of an active attacker inside a CDN. Our evaluation shows that InviCloak increases the median page load times (PLTs) of realistic web pages from 2.0s to 2.1s, which is smaller than the median PLTs (2.8s) of a state-of-the-art TEE-based solution.
Just-likely intersections on Hilbert modular surfaces
Creators: name: G., Asvin
name: He, Qiao
name: Shankar, Ananth N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we prove an intersection-theoretic result pertaining to curves in certain Hilbert modular surfaces in positive characteristic. Specifically, we show that given two appropriate curves C,D parameterizing abelian surfaces with real multiplication, the set of points (x,y) in the product CxD with surfaces parameterized by x and y isogenous to each other is Zariski dense in C x D, thereby proving a case of a just-likely intersection conjecture. We also compute the change in Faltings height under appropriate p-power isogenies of abelian surfaces with real multiplication over characteristic p global fields.
description: Accepted version
The Effect of Defects on Magnetic Droplet Nucleation
Creators: name: Ettori, Federico
name: Sluckin, Timothy J.
name: Biscari, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Defects and impurities strongly affect the timing and the character of the (re)ordering or disordering transitions of thermodynamic systems captured in metastable states. In this paper we analyze the case of two-dimensional magnetic systems. We adapt the classical JMAK theory to account for the effects of defects on the free energy barriers, the critical droplet area and the associated metastable time. The resulting predictions are successfully tested against the Monte-Carlo simulations performed by adopting Glauber dynamics, to obtain reliable time-dependent results during the out-of-equilibrium transformations. We also focus on finite-size effects, and study how the spinodal line (separating the singledroplet from the multi-droplet regime) depends on the system size, the defect fraction, and the external field.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures
Long-Term Effects of Hiring Subsidies for Low-Educated Unemployed Youths
Creators: name: Albanese, Andrea
name: Cockx, Bart
name: Dejemeppe, Muriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We use regression discontinuity design and difference-in-differences methods to estimate the impact of a one-time hiring subsidy for low-educated unemployed youths in Belgium during the recovery from the Great Recession. Within a year of unemployment, the subsidy increases job-finding in the private sector by 10 percentage points. Over six years, high school graduates secure 2.8 more quarters of private employment. However, they transition from public jobs and self-employment, resulting in no net increase in overall employment, albeit with better wages. High school dropouts experience no lasting benefits. Additionally, in tight labor markets near Luxembourg's employment hub, the subsidy results in a complete deadweight loss.
description: Accepted version
Persistent motion of a Brownian particle subject to repulsive feedback with time delay
Creators: name: Kopp, Robin A.
name: Klapp, Sabine H. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on analytical and numerical calculations we study the dynamics of an overdamped colloidal particle moving in two dimensions under time-delayed, non-linear feedback control. Specifically, the particle is subject to a force derived from a repulsive Gaussian potential depending on the difference between its instantaneous position, $\mathbf{r}(t)$, and its earlier position $\mathbf{r}(t-τ)$, where $τ$ is the delay time. Considering first the deterministic case, we provide analytical results for both, the case of small displacements and the dynamics at long times. In particular, at appropriate values of the feedback parameters, the particle approaches a steady state with a constant, non-zero velocity whose direction is constant as well. In the presence of noise, the direction of motion becomes randomized at long times, but the (numerically obtained) velocity autocorrelation still reveals some persistence of motion. Moreover, the mean-squared displacement (MSD) reveals a mixed regime at intermediate times with contributions of both, ballistic motion and diffusive translational motion, allowing us to extract an estimate for the effective propulsion velocity in presence of noise. We then analyze the data in terms of exact, known results for the MSD of active Brownian particles. The comparison indeed indicates a strong similarity between the dynamics of the particle under repulsive delayed feedback and active motion. This relation carries over to the behavior of the long-time diffusion coefficient $D_\mathrm{eff}$ which, similarly to active motion, is strongly enhanced compared to the free case. Finally we show that, for small delays, $D_\mathrm{eff}$ can be estimated analytically.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, final version
Geostatistics in the presence of multivariate complexities: comparison of multi-Gaussian transforms
Creators: name: Abulkhair, Sultan
name: Dowd, Peter A.
name: Xu, Chaoshui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One of the most challenging aspects of multivariate geostatistics is dealing with complex relationships between variables. Geostatistical co-simulation and spatial decorrelation methods, commonly used for modelling multiple variables, are ineffective in the presence of multivariate complexities. On the other hand, multi-Gaussian transforms are designed to deal with complex multivariate relationships, such as non-linearity, heteroscedasticity and geological constraints. These methods transform the variables into independent multi-Gaussian factors that can be individually simulated. This study compares the performance of the following multi-Gaussian transforms: rotation based iterative Gaussianisation, projection pursuit multivariate transform and flow transformation. Case studies with bivariate complexities are used to evaluate and compare the realisations of the transformed values. For this purpose, commonly used geostatistical validation metrics are applied, including multivariate normality tests, reproduction of bivariate relationships, and histogram and variogram validation. Based on most of the metrics, all three methods produced results of similar quality. The most obvious difference is the execution speed for forward and back transformation, for which flow transformation is much slower.
Surrogate modelling of a multi-regional global Computable General Equilibrium model to optimize a global social welfare function
Creators: name: Britz, Wolfgang
name: Storm, Hugo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Research Research Methods/Statistical Methods
subject: Surrogate model
subject: welfare optimization
subject: Computable General Equilibrium

description: We design, detail and test an approach to optimize a social welfare function over a surrogate model of a global multi-regional Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model. Latin-Hypercube sampling generates random observations of policy instruments considered in the later optimization. The observations are individually solved in the CGE model and jointly define the data set on which a Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network is trained and validated in Python packages. The trained parameters of the Neural Network are passed to GAMS as an Algebraic Modelling language to optimize a welfare function over policy instruments, subject to the surrogate model and further topical constraints. The set-up and its implementation are to a large degree generic such that application to differently structured and detailed CGE models and considered policy instruments is straightforward. The main dis-advantage is that the generation of the observation sample is computing time intensive, on a modern laptop it required about 30 hours. The trained Neural Network replicates the simulation behavior of the CGE model quite accurately with all outputs predicted with a R2 > 99.998%. The representation as a Neural Network provides a set of relatively simple equations which can be solved very fast and implemented easily in different software packages. Besides optimization, such a surrogate model representing key input-output relations of a CGE model could hence also be integrated easily in some other modelling framework.
Plectic structures in p-adic de Rham cohomology
Creators: name: Loeffler, David
name: Zerbes, Sarah Livia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F46, 14G35

description: Given a Hilbert modular form for a totally real field $F$, and a prime $p$ split completely in $F$, the $f$-eigenspace in $p$-adic de Rham cohomology of the Hilbert modular variety has a family of partial filtrations and partial Frobenius maps, indexed by the primes of $F$ above $p$. The general plectic conjectures of Nekovar and Scholl suggest a "plectic comparison isomorphism" comparing these structures to etale cohomology. We prove this conjecture in the case $[F : \mathbf{Q}] = 2$ under some mild assumptions; and for general $F$ we prove a weaker statement which is strong evidence for the conjecture, showing that plectic Hodge filtration has a canonical splitting given by intersecting with simultaneous eigenspaces for the partial Frobenii.
 (In memory of Jan Nekovar)
description: Revised version with minor corrections. To appear in Journal of Number Theory
An exact analysis and comparison of manual picker routing heuristics
Creators: name: Engels, Tim
name: Adan, Ivo
name: Boxma, Onno
name: Resing, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper presents exact derivations of the first two moments of the total picking time in a warehouse for four routing heuristics, under the assumption of random storage. The analysis is done for general order size distributions and provides formulas in terms of the probability generating function of the order size distribution. These results are used to investigate differences between routing heuristics, order size distributions and warehouse layouts. In specific, we model a warehouse with $c$ pickers as an M/G/c queue to estimate the average order-lead time.
Estimating network-mediated causal effects via principal components network regression
Creators: name: Hayes, Alex
name: Fredrickson, Mark M.
name: Levin, Keith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We develop a method to decompose causal effects on a social network into an indirect effect mediated by the network, and a direct effect independent of the social network. To handle the complexity of network structures, we assume that latent social groups act as causal mediators. We develop principal components network regression models to differentiate the social effect from the non-social effect. Fitting the regression models is as simple as principal components analysis followed by ordinary least squares estimation. We prove asymptotic theory for regression coefficients from this procedure and show that it is widely applicable, allowing for a variety of distributions on the regression errors and network edges. We carefully characterize the counterfactual assumptions necessary to use the regression models for causal inference, and show that current approaches to causal network regression may result in over-control bias. The method is very general, so that it is applicable to many types of structured data beyond social networks, such as text, areal data, psychometrics, images and omics.
description: Updating to match published JMLR version
Finite-temperature avalanches in 2D disordered Ising models
Creators: name: Ettori, Federico
name: Perani, Filippo
name: Turzi, Stefano
name: Biscari, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the qualitative and quantitative properties of the Barkhausen noise emerging at finite temperatures in random Ising models. The random-bond Ising Model is studied with a Wolff cluster Monte-Carlo algorithm to monitor the avalanches generated by an external driving magnetic field. Satisfactory power-law distributions are found which expand over five decades, with a temperature-dependent critical exponent which matches the existing experimental measurements. We also focus on a Ising system in which a finite fraction of defects is quenched. Also the presence of defects proves able to induce a critical response to a slowly oscillating magnetic field, though in this case the critical exponent associated with the distributions obtained with different defect fractions and temperatures seems to belong to the same universality class, with a critical exponent equal to 1.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Analysis and spectral theory of neck-stretching problems
Creators: name: Langlais, Thibault
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C26, 58J50, 35P20

description: We study the mapping properties of a large class of elliptic operators $P_T$ in gluing problems where two non-compact manifolds with asymptotically cylindrical geometry are glued along a neck of length $2T$. In the limit where $T \rightarrow \infty$, we reduce the question of constructing approximate solutions of $P_T u = f$ to a finite-dimensional linear system, and provide a geometric interpretation of the obstructions to solving this system. Under some assumptions on the real roots of the model operator $P_0$ on the cylinder, we construct a Fredholm inverse for $P_T$ with good control on the growth of its norm. As applications of our method, we study the decay rate and density of the low eigenvalues of the Laplacian acting on differential forms, and give improved estimates for compact $G_2$-manifolds constructed by twisted connected sum. We relate our results to the swampland distance conjectures in physics.
description: 53 pages. Typos fixed and mentions of H\"older norms removed to clarify exposition. Minor mistake in the proof of Theorem 2.9 corrected in Section 3. Proof of Corollary 5.3 added
A DISCURSIVE ANALYSIS ON THAILAND CONSTITUTION’S PREAMBLES: A POLITICAL LANGUAGE AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF THAI POLITICAL ‘TRUTH’
Creators: name: Pixitthikun KAEW-NGAM
Publisher: name: Asian Crime and Society Review
Year: 2024
Subjects: Thailand Constitution’s Preamble
Discursive Analysis
Constructive Thai Political TRUTH

description: Asian Crime and Society Review, 11, 2, 11–20
Primes in tuples and Romanoff's theorem
Creators: name: Radomskii, Artyom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We obtain a lower bound for a number of primes in tuples. As applications, we obtain a lower bound for the Romanoff type representation functions.
Fast Staircase Detection and Estimation using 3D Point Clouds with Multi-detection Merging for Heterogeneous Robots
Creators: name: Sriganesh, Prasanna
name: Bagree, Namya
name: Vundurthy, Bhaskar
name: Travers, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robotic systems need advanced mobility capabilities to operate in complex, three-dimensional environments designed for human use, e.g., multi-level buildings. Incorporating some level of autonomy enables robots to operate robustly, reliably, and efficiently in such complex environments, e.g., automatically "returning home" if communication between an operator and robot is lost during deployment. This work presents a novel method that enables mobile robots to robustly operate in multi-level environments by making it possible to autonomously locate and climb a range of different staircases. We present results wherein a wheeled robot works together with a quadrupedal system to quickly detect different staircases and reliably climb them. The performance of this novel staircase detection algorithm that is able to run on the heterogeneous platforms is compared to the current state-of-the-art detection algorithm. We show that our approach significantly increases the accuracy and speed at which detections occur.
description: This paper has been accepted and will be published in the 2023 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)
Satisfiability of Non-Linear Transcendental Arithmetic as a Certificate Search Problem
Creators: name: Lipparini, Enrico
name: Ratschan, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For typical first-order logical theories, satisfying assignments have a straightforward finite representation that can directly serve as a certificate that a given assignment satisfies the given formula. For non-linear real arithmetic augmented with trigonometric and exponential functions (NTA), however, there is no known direct representation of satisfying assignments that allows for a simple independent check of whether the represented numbers exist and satisfy the given formula. Hence, in this paper, we introduce a different form of satisfiability certificate for NTA, and formulate the satisfiability problem as the problem of searching for such a certificate. This does not only ease the independent verification of satisfiability, but also allows the design of new algorithms that show satisfiability by systematically searching for such certificates. Computational experiments document that the resulting algorithms are able to prove satisfiability of a substantially higher number of benchmark problems than existing methods. We also characterize the formulas whose satisfiability can be demonstrated by such a certificate, by providing lower and upper bounds in terms of relevant well-known classes. Finally we show the existence of a procedure for checking the satisfiability of NTA-formulas that terminates for formulas that satisfy certain robustness assumptions.
E-strings, $F_4$, and $D_4$ triality
Creators: name: Sakai, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the E-string theory on $\mathbb{R}^4\times T^2$ with Wilson lines. We consider two examples where interesting automorphisms arise. In the first example, the spectrum is invariant under the $F_4$ Weyl group acting on the Wilson line parameters. We obtain the Seiberg-Witten curve expressed in terms of Weyl invariant $F_4$ Jacobi forms. We also clarify how it is related to the thermodynamic limit of the Nekrasov-type formula. In the second example, the spectrum is invariant under the $D_4$ triality combined with modular transformations, the automorphism originally found in the 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric $\mathrm{SU}(2)$ gauge theory with four massive flavors. We introduce the notion of triality invariant Jacobi forms and present the Seiberg-Witten curve in terms of them. We show that this Seiberg-Witten curve reduces precisely to that of the 4d theory with four flavors in the limit of $T^2$ shrinking to zero size.
description: 42 pages, v2: a footnote and references added, v3: some explanations added, published version
Experts' cognition-driven safe noisy labels learning for precise segmentation of residual tumor in breast cancer
Creators: name: Yang, Yongquan
name: Chen, Jie
name: Wei, Yani
name: Alobaidi, Mohammad
name: Bu, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Precise segmentation of residual tumor in breast cancer (PSRTBC) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a fundamental key technique in the treatment process of breast cancer. However, achieving PSRTBC is still a challenge, since the breast cancer tissue and tumor cells commonly have complex and varied morphological changes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, which inevitably increases the difficulty to produce a predictive model that has good generalization with usual supervised learning (SL). To alleviate this situation, in this paper, we propose an experts' cognition-driven safe noisy labels learning (ECDSNLL) approach. In the concept of safe noisy labels learning, which is a typical type of safe weakly supervised learning, ECDSNLL is constructed by integrating the pathology experts' cognition about identifying residual tumor in breast cancer and the artificial intelligence experts' cognition about data modeling with provided data basis. Experimental results show that, compared with usual SL, ECDSNLL can significantly improve the lower bound of a number of UNet variants with 2.42% and 4.1% respectively in recall and fIoU for PSRTBC, while being able to achieve improvements in mean value and upper bound as well.
title: Heterogene Ausbreitungsdynamik in Deutschland während der zweiten Welle der COVID-19-Pandemie: Zusammenhang mit Maßnahmen des öffentlichen Gesundheitswesens
Creators: name: Schuppert, Andreas
name: Polotzek, Katja
name: Schmitt, Jochen
name: Busse, Reinhard
name: Karschau, Jens
name: Karagiannidis, Christian
Publisher: name: Zentralinstitut für die kassenärztliche Versorgung in Deutschland (Zi)
Year: 2022

description: Hintergrund: Die zweite Welle der COVID-19-Pandemie führte zu erheblichen Unterschieden in den Inzidenzraten in Deutschland.

Methoden: Ein annahmefreies k-nearest neighbour (kNN; auf Deutsch „k-nächste Nachbarn“) Clusterverfahren auf Basis einer Hauptkomponentenanalyse der wöchentlichen Inzidenzraten deutscher Kreise findet Cluster ähnlichen Ausbreitungsverhaltens. Die unterschiedliche Ausbreitungsdynamik wurde anhand der Ableitungsdiagramme der zeitlichen Entwicklung der Tupel [x(t),x'(t)] der wöchentlichen Inzidenzraten und ihrer Ableitungen analysiert. Die Wirksamkeit der verschiedenen Lockdown-Maßnahmen in Deutschland während der zweiten Welle wird anhand der Differenz der wöchentlichen Inzidenzen vor und nach den jeweiligen Zeiträumen bewertet.

Ergebnisse: Die Implementierung nicht-pharmazeutischer Interventionen in unterschiedlichem Umfang führte während der zweiten Welle der COVID-19-Pandemie in Deutschland zu vier verschiedenen Zeiträumen mit komplexen, räumlich unterschiedlichen und altersabhängigen Ausbreitungsmustern. Durch Clustering ergaben sich drei Regionen mit jeweils übereinstimmenden Ausbreitungsmerkmalen. Im Oktober 2020 zeigte sich ein bundesweites exponentielles Wachstum der wöchentlichen Inzidenzraten mit einer Verdopplungszeit von 10 Tagen. Ein teilweiser Lockdown im November 2020 verringerte die Gesamtinfektionsraten um 20 bis 40% mit einem plateauartigen Verlauf im Norden und Südwesten Deutschlands. Die östlichen Landesteile wiesen hingegen einen weiteren nahezu linearen Anstieg von 30 bis 80 % auf. Insgesamt stiegen die Inzidenzraten im Alterssegment über 60 Jahre während der Teil-Lockdowns noch um 15 bis 35%. Nur ein erweiterter Lockdown führte dann zu einem deutlichen Rückgang der Inzidenzraten. Durch diese späteren Maßnahmen sanken die Zahlen in allen Altersgruppen und in allen Regionen um 15 bis 45 %. Der Rückgang bis Januar 2021 betrug etwa das -1,25-fache der Wachstumsraten vom Oktober 2020 mit einer starken Korrelation von -0,96.

Schlussfolgerungen: Es wurden drei regionale Cluster mit unterschiedlicher Dynamik und unterschiedlichem Grad der Wirksamkeit der angewandten Lockdown-Maßnahmen ermittelt. Der teilweise Lockdown war mäßig wirksam und stoppte allenfalls das exponentielle Wachstum, die Ausbreitung aber blieb teilweise plateauartig und wuchs regional nahezu linear weiter. Erst der erweiterte Lockdown kehrte auch das lineare Wachstum um.
Autonomous RISs and Oblivious Base Stations: The Observer Effect and its Mitigation
Creators: name: Croisfelt, Victor
name: Devoti, Francesco
name: Saggese, Fabio
name: Sciancalepore, Vincenzo
name: Costa-Pérez, Xavier
name: Popovski, Petar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Autonomous reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) offer the potential to simplify deployment by reducing the need for real-time remote control between a base station (BS) and an RIS. However, we highlight two major challenges posed by autonomy. The first is implementation complexity, as autonomy requires hybrid RISs (HRISs) equipped with additional onboard hardware to monitor the propagation environment and perform local channel estimation (CHEST), a process known as probing. The second challenge, termed probe distortion, reflects a form of the observer effect: during probing, an HRIS can inadvertently alter the propagation environment, potentially disrupting the operations of other communicating devices sharing the environment. Although implementation complexity has been extensively studied, probe distortion remains largely unexplored. To further assess the potential of autonomous RIS, this paper comprehensively and pragmatically studies the fundamental trade-offs posed by these challenges collectively. In particular, we examine the robustness of an HRIS-assisted massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) system by considering its critical components and stringent conditions. The latter include: (a) two extremes of implementation complexity, represented by minimalist operation designs of two distinct HRIS hardware architectures, and (b) an oblivious BS that fully embraces probe distortion. To make our analysis possible, we propose a physical-layer orchestration framework that aligns HRIS and mMIMO operations. We present empirical evidence that autonomous RISs remain promising under stringent conditions and outline research directions to deepen probe distortion understanding.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, published in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Uniqueness of real ring spectra up to higher homotopy
Creators: name: Davies, Jack Morgan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55N34, 55N22, 55S25, 55P43, 14A20

description: We discuss a notion of uniqueness up to $n$-homotopy and study examples from stable homotopy theory. In particular, we show that the $q$-expansion map from elliptic cohomology to topological $K$-theory is unique up to $3$-homotopy, away from the prime $2$, and that upon taking $p$-completions and $\mathbf{F}_p^\times$-homotopy fixed points, this map is uniquely defined up to $(2p-3)$-homotopy. Using this, we prove new relationships between Adams operations on connective and dualisable topological modular forms -- other applications, including a construction of a connective model of Behrens' $Q(N)$ spectra away from $2N$, will be explored elsewhere. The technical tool facilitating this uniqueness is a variant of the Goerss--Hopkins obstruction theory for real spectra, which applies to various elliptic cohomology and topological $K$-theories with a trivial complex conjugation action as well as some of their homotopy fixed points.
description: 24 pages, comments are always welcome
ENHANCING OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY: INVESTIGATING TECHNOLOGY READINESS, ACCEPTANCE, AND UTILIZATION OF THAILAND NATIONAL SINGLE WINDOW IN IMPORT, EXPORT, AND LOGISTICS BUSINESSES
Creators: name: Umawasee SRIBOONLUE
Publisher: name: Asian Administration and Management Review
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technology Readiness
Acceptance and Use of Technology
Thailand National Single Window
Intention
Logistics Businesses

description: Asian Administration and Management Review, 7, 2, 9–20
The Virtual Research Environment: towards a comprehensive analysis platform
Creators: name: Gazzarrini, Elena
name: Garcia, Enrique
name: Gosein, Domenic
name: Moya, Alba Vendrell
name: Kounelis, Agisilaos
name: Espinal, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Virtual Research Environment is an analysis platform developed at CERN serving the needs of scientific communities involved in European Projects. Its scope is to facilitate the development of end-to-end physics workflows, providing researchers with access to an infrastructure and to the digital content necessary to produce and preserve a scientific result in compliance with FAIR principles. The platform's development is aimed at demonstrating how sciences spanning from High Energy Physics to Astrophysics could benefit from the usage of common technologies, initially born to satisfy CERN's exabyte-scale data management needs. The Virtual Research Environment's main components are (1) a federated distributed storage solution (the Data Lake), providing functionalities for data injection and replication through a Data Management framework (Rucio), (2) a computing cluster supplying the processing power to run full analyses with Reana, a re-analysis software, (3) a federated and reliable Authentication and Authorization layer and (4) an enhanced notebook interface with containerised environments to hide the infrastructure's complexity from the user. The deployment of the Virtual Research Environment is open-source and modular, in order to make it easily reproducible by partner institutions; it is publicly accessible and kept up to date by taking advantage of state of the art IT-infrastructure technologies.
An Ecological Study of the Delaware River in the Vicinity of Artificial Island: Progress Report for the Period January-December 1972
Creators: name: Schuker, Victor J.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1974

description: This report includes the period from January through December 1972. It is the fifth annual report to Public Service Electric and Gas of New Jersey on the pre-operational phase of the environmental study of the Delaware River in the vicinity of the Salem Nuclear Generating Station (S. N. G. S.). The study began in mid-1968. The plant is scheduled for completion in 1975. The post-operational phase of the study will continue for several years after the plant goes on stream. The study includes the determination of daily and seasonal abundance and distribution of fishes. The primary sampling area centers about and extends four miles north and south of the S.N.G.S. site on Artificial Island, New Jersey, which is located at river mile 50 in the Delaware River.
Sustainable Agriculture: Vertical Farming, Artificial Intelligence and Bio-Fertiliser; The Future of Farming
Creators: name: Vaccaro, Natasha
name: Hernandez, J. Ernesto
Publisher: name: Imperial College, London
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: sustainability
subject: Sustainable agriculture
subject: vertical farming
subject: farming
subject: Artificial intelligence
subject: Agriculture
subject: Food technology
subject: Machine learning

description: Current farming is not sustainableAgriculture faces 10 key problemsVertical farming, AI technology and bio-fertiliser can be a solutionSmart farming could support sustainable agriculture and solve problems in the Water-Energy-Food-Ecosystem nexus
Non-simple polyominoes of Kőnig type and their canonical module
Creators: name: Dinu, Rodica
name: Navarra, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B50, 05E40

description: We study the Kőnig type property for non-simple polyominoes. We prove that, for closed path polyominoes, the polyomino ideals are of Kőnig type, extending the results of Herzog and Hibi for simple thin polyominoes. As an application of this result, we give a combinatorial interpretation for the canonical module of the coordinate ring of a sub-class of closed path polyominoes, namely circle closed path polyominoes. In this case, we compute also the Cohen-Macaulay type and we show that $K[\mathcal{P}]$ is a level ring.
description: 25 pages, 25 figures. To appear in Journal of Algebra
Regge spectroscopy of higher twist states in $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Klabbers, Rob
name: Preti, Michelangelo
name: Szécsényi, István M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a family of higher-twist Regge trajectories in $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory using the Quantum Spectral Curve. We explore the many-sheeted Riemann surface connecting the different trajectories and show the interplay between the degenerate non-local operators known as horizontal trajectories. We resolve their degeneracy analytically by computing the first non-trivial order of the Regge intercept at weak coupling, which exhibits new behaviour: it depends linearly on the coupling. This is consistent with our numerics, which interpolate all the way to strong coupling.
description: main text: 6 pages, 5 figures; supplemental material: 17 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables