cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Relationship Between Nanoparticles and Bacterial Group Behavior: Autolysis and Quorum Sensing
Creators: name: McGivney, Eric
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90799 Environmental Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Nano-sized materials are being used to address some of humanities greatest challenges— cancer therapy, food and water security, and environmental remediation. While extremely promising for these applications, the production, use, and disposal of nanomaterials have resulted in their release into environmental compartments. One major concern of any novel contaminant is how it interacts with bacteria. Bacteria play essential roles in human health, engineered systems, and ecological functioning. Bacteria are capable of macro-scale influence because they have evolved communication systems that enable coordinated behaviors. Communication among cells involves chemical signals that enter the environment, where they are subjected to its biogeochemistry, which now includes novel nanomaterials. The overall goal of this thesis was to improve understanding of the relationship between nanoparticles and cell-to-cell signaling behavior in bacteria focusing on two population-level behaviors: autolysis and quorum sensing. Specifically, this project sought to: (1) improve our understanding of how metal-oxide nanoparticles affect the autolytic process in Bacillus subtilis, by elucidating the biological response of the interactions between titanium dioxide nanoparticles and biomolecules; (2) reveal the interactions between quorum sensing signaling molecules and metal cations commonly used in antimicrobial nanomaterials, silver and copper; and (3) demonstrate the potential of quorum sensing-regulated cyanide production to affect oxidation and dissolution of gold nanoparticles in an environmentally relevant system. By addressing these objectives, the work demonstrated that: 1. TiO2 nanoparticles disrupt the autolytic process by delaying the onset of autolysis, and intercepting released autolytic enzymes, preventing the enzymes from degrading peptidoglycan in neighboring cells. 2. Quorum sensing signaling molecules form complexes with Ag+ and Cu2+, removing the most bioavailable form (free HHL, Ag+, and Cu2+) from the cells’ environment. 3. Quorum sensing-regulated cyanide production induces oxidative dissolution in Au nanoparticles, which were previously assumed to be inert in environmental systems. Taken together, this body of work highlights the relationship between nanoparticles and population-level behavior in bacteria. The presence of nanoparticles can have significant effects on population-level behaviors, and the activity of population-level behaviors can have significant effects on nanoparticles behavior. This inter-connected relationship, where the nanoparticles are both acted on and act upon their environment, must be considered in nanoparticle-based studies and applications.
MPEC 2023-O112 : 2023 OX4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 OX4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
SMT CO (2-1) Observations of Nearby Star-Forming Galaxies
Creators: name: Jiang, Xue-Jian
name: Wang, Zhong
name: Gu, Qiusheng
name: Wang, Junzhi
name: Zhang, Zhi-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present CO $J$=2-1 observations towards 32 nearby gas-rich star-forming galaxies selected from the ALFALFA and WISE catalogs, using the Sub-millimeter Telescope. Our sample is selected to be dominated by intermediate-$M_{\rm *}$ galaxies. The scaling-relations between molecular gas, atomic gas and galactic properties (stellar mass, NUV$- r$ and WISE color W3$-$W2) are examined and discussed. Our results show that (1). In the galaxies with stellar mass $M_{\rm *}$ $\leqslant 10^{10}$ $M_{\odot}$, HI fraction ($f_{\rm HI}$ $\equiv$ $M_{\rm HI}$/$M_{\rm *}$) is significantly higher than that of more massive galaxies, while H$_2$ gas fraction ($f_{\rm H_2}$ $\equiv$ $M_{\rm H_2}$/$M_{\rm *}$) remain nearly unchanged. (2). Comparing with $f_{\rm H_2}$, $f_{\rm HI}$ correlates better with both $M_{\rm *}$ and NUV$- r$. (3). A new parameter, WISE color W3$-$W2 (12\,$μ$m$-$4.6\,$μ$m) is introduced, which is similar to NUV$- r$ in tracing star formation activity, and we find that W3$-$W2 has a tighter anti-correlation with log $f_{\rm H_2}$ than the anti-correlation of (NUV$- r$) - $f_{\rm HI}$, (NUV$- r$) - $f_{\rm H_2}$ and (W3$-$W2) - $f_{\rm HI}$. This indicates that W3$-$W2 can trace the H$_2$ fraction in galaxies. For gas ratio $M_{\rm H_2}$/$M_{\rm HI}$, only in the intermediate-$M_{\rm *}$ galaxies it appears to depend on $M_{\rm *}$ and NUV$- r$. We find a tight correlation between the molecular gas mass $M_{\rm H_2}$ and 12\,$μ$m (W3) luminosities ($L_{\rm 12\,μm}$), and the slope is close to unity (1.03 $\pm$ 0.06) for the SMT sample. This correlation may reflect that the cold gas and dust are well mixed on global galactic scale. Using the all-sky 12\,$μ$m (W3) data available in WISE, this correlation can be used to estimate CO flux for molecular gas observations and can even predict H$_2$ mass for star-forming galaxies.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, ApJ accepted
title:  Mercificazione, individuo e società: attualità del pensiero di Karl Polanyi
Creators: name: Colella, Francesca
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: In todayʹs world it is clear that individuals are not able to dissolve the difficulties that the system creates them. The problems of people remain undefined and individual malaise never reaches the level of public problems. Recalling the sociological imagination ‐ which should bring the personal uneasiness of individuals to the companyʹs objective disturbances to turn public indifference into involvement with public issues (Mills 1973) ‐ This article is aimed to promote a re‐reading of Karl Polanyi thought because it seems to be very timely. In fact, Polanyi argued that “allow the market mechanism to be the sole steering element of the fate of human beings and their natural environment, and even the amount and use of purchasing power” would lead to the demolition of society (Polanyi, 2004, 64). He intended to counter the idea that the market society constitute the landing ʺnaturalʺ human society, using the explanatory diagram of the double movement: on the one hand, the market tends to expand; on the other, the company seeks to curb this expansion (see. Polanyi, 2004, 98). A renewed reflection on the thought of Polanyi is certainly a significant contribution to the understanding of the current society, in which the market economy is the current horizon of the work of the sociologist.
description: Democrazia e Sicurezza – 2016, n. 2
GROWTH on S190426c II: GROWTH-India Telescope search for an optical counterpart with a custom image reduction and candidate vetting pipeline
Creators: name: Kumar, Harsh
name: Bhalerao, Varun
name: Anupama, G. C.
name: Barway, Sudhanshu
name: Coughlin, Michael W.
name: De, Kishalay
name: Deshmukh, Kunal
name: Dutta, Anirban
name: Goldstein, Daniel A
name: Jassani, Adeem
name: Joharle, Simran
name: Karambelker, Viraj
name: Khandagale, Maitreya
name: Kumar, Brajesh
name: Saraogi, Divita
name: Sharma, Yashvi
name: Shenoy, Vedant
name: singer, Leo
name: Singh, Avinash
name: Waratkar, Gaurav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: S190426c / GW190426_152155 was the first probable neutron star - black hole merger candidate detected by the LIGO-Virgo Collaboration. We undertook a tiled search for optical counterparts of this event using the 0.7m GROWTH-India Telescope. Over a period of two weeks, we obtained multiple observations over a 22.1 deg^2 area, with a 17.5% probability of containing the source location. Initial efforts included obtaining photometry of sources reported by various groups, and a visual search for sources in all galaxies contained in the region. Subsequently, we have developed an image subtraction and candidate vetting pipeline with ~ 94% efficiency for transient detection. Processing the data with this pipeline, we find several transients, but none that are compatible with kilonova models. We present the details of our observations, working of our pipeline, results from the search, and our interpretations of the non-detections that will work as a pathfinder during the O4 run of LVK.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Additional file 1 of Transcriptome analysis reveals a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in OsRpp30-mediated disease resistance in rice
Creators: name: Li, Minghua
name: Li, Wei
name: Zhao, Meixia
name: Li, Zhiqiang
name: Wang, Guo-Liang
name: Liu, Wende
name: Liang, Chun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary figures and tables.
Self consistent study of the quantum phases in a frustrated antiferromagnet on the bilayer honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Arlego, M.
name: Lamas, C. A.
name: Zhang, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the frustrated Heisenberg model on the bilayer honeycomb lattice. The ground-state energy and spin gap are calculated, using different bosonic representations at mean field level and numerical calculations, to explore different sectors of the phase diagram. In particular we make use of a bond operator formalism and series expansion calculations to study the extent of dimer inter-layer phase. On the other hand we use the Schwinger boson method and exact diagonalization on small systems to analyze the evolution of on-layer phases. In this case we specifically observe a phase that presents a spin gap and short range Neel correlations that survives even in the presence of non-zero next-nearest-neighbor interaction and inter-layer coupling.
description: 27th International Conference on Low Temperature Physics
D4.1 Sociotechnical Analysis Framework
Creators: name: AUSTRALO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: D4.1 Sociotechnical Analysis Framework This document forms the basis for the sociotechnical embedded field analysis in the SPATIAL project. It provides a framework for determining the key processes and people to enable holistic technology development. The document presents a theoretical foundation based on Human-Computer Interaction, Science and Technology Studies, and Practice Theory to enable an embedded field analysis focused on the social, legal, and technical limitations and gender and diversity considerations in AI development. The research design and analysis procedures provide insights into the practicalities of the multi-sited ethnographic analysis of AI tool development.
A Storage-Efficient and Robust Private Information Retrieval Scheme Allowing Few Servers
Creators: name: Augot, Daniel
name: Levy-Dit-Vehel, Françoise
name: Shikfa, Abdullatif
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Since the concept of locally decodable codes was introduced by Katz and Trevisan in 2000, it is well-known that information the-oretically secure private information retrieval schemes can be built using locally decodable codes. In this paper, we construct a Byzantine ro-bust PIR scheme using the multiplicity codes introduced by Kopparty et al. Our main contributions are on the one hand to avoid full replica-tion of the database on each server; this significantly reduces the global redundancy. On the other hand, to have a much lower locality in the PIR context than in the LDC context. This shows that there exists two different notions: LDC-locality and PIR-locality. This is made possible by exploiting geometric properties of multiplicity codes.
Influence of Schema Activation on Undergraduate Students’ Reading Comprehension of Poetry in English
Creators: name: Naing, Win Kyi Kyi
Publisher: name: Ph.D. Program in English Language Teaching (ELT), Faculty of  Humanities and Social Sciences, Buriram Rajabhat University
Year: 2023
Subjects: schema activation
reading comprehension
undergraduate students
poetry

description: BRU ELT JOURNAL, 1, 2, 67-81
Study on the Resolution of Large-Eddy Simulations for Supersonic Jet Flows
Creators: name: Abreu, D. F.
name: Junqueira-Junior, C.
name: Dauricio, E. T.
name: Azevedo, J. L. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present study is concerned with large-eddy simulations (LES) of supersonic jet flows. The work addresses, in particular, the simulation of a perfectly expanded free jet flow with an exit Mach number of 1.4 and an exit temperature equal to the ambient temperature. Calculations are performed using a nodal discontinuous Galerkin method. The present effort studies the effects of mesh and polynomial refinement on the solution. The present calculations consider computational meshes and polynomial orders such that the number of degrees of freedom (DOFs) in the solution ranges from 50 to 410 million. Mean velocity results and root mean square (RMS) values of velocity fluctuations indicate a better agreement with experimental data as the resolution is increased. The generated data provide a good understanding of the effects of increasing the discretization refinement for LES calculations of jet flows. The present results can guide future simulations of similar flow configurations.
description: AIAA paper - LES resolution study supersonic jets
Non-periodic systems with continuous diffraction measures
Creators: name: Baake, Michael
name: Birkner, Matthias
name: Grimm, Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42A38, 37A50, 37B10, 52C23

description: The present state of mathematical diffraction theory for systems with continuous spectral components is reviewed and extended. We begin with a discussion of various characteristic examples with singular or absolutely continuous diffraction, and then continue with a more general exposition of a systematic approach via stationary stochastic point processes. Here, the intensity measure of the Palm measure takes the role of the autocorrelation measure in the traditional approach. We furthermore introduce a `Palm-type' measure for general complex-valued random measures that are stationary and ergodic, and relate its intensity measure to the autocorrelation measure.
description: 31 pages, 4 figures; sections 1-5 are a review based on characteristic examples, while section 6 contains new material on the point process approach to diffraction
Balance Training to Reduce Visual Reliance: A Pilot Study
Creators: name: Hooten, Kristen Elyse
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Chronic ankle instability, a common consequence of lateral ankle sprains, is associated with balance impairments and increased reliance on visual input for maintaining balance.  Purpose: To identify the effect of balance training with different visual occlusion and surfaces on sensory organization strategy compared to standard balance training.  We also aimed to identify relationships between baseline visual performance and changes in visual reliance following balance training.  Methods: Participants were randomized into four groups and completed a four-week balance training program with varied visual occlusion and surface stability. Visual assessments were completed at baseline, and balance assessments were completed before and after training. Though not statistically significant, participants who completed training with visual occlusion and stable surfaces appeared to exhibit increased reductions in visual reliance during static balance tasks compared to other intervention groups.  Several significant correlations were identified between baseline visual performance and visual reliance reductions with balance training.
Miscommunication or misconduct? A critical discourse analysis of reactions to the Aziz Ansari #MeToo controversy
Creators: name: Foster, Margaret Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: In January 2018, the relatively unknown media platform Babe published a divisive account of a pseudonymous woman’s unpleasant sexual encounter with feminist comedian Aziz Ansari. The story went viral, with many readers relating the story to the ongoing #MeToo movement. This thesis drew on the theories of epistemic injustice (Fricker, 2007), communicative injustice (Kay, 2020), and feminist geographies to examine what arguments readers used to situate the Babe story relative to #MeToo, including how readers mapped their own experiences onto the account. Using a Critical Discourse Analysis of the Babe story, four follow-up news pieces, and 567 reader comments from two news websites and 63 threads on Reddit, this thesis found that many readers were willing to blame the unpleasant encounter on “bad sex” and miscommunication rather than misconduct. There was also an overall opinion that #MeToo had “gone too far,” if it was to be associated with Babe.
Temperature dependence of dielectric permittivity in incommensurately modulated phase of ammonium fluoroberyllate
Creators: name: Horon, B. I.
name: Kushnir, O. S.
name: Shchepanskyi, P. A.
name: Stadnyk, V. Yo.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the temperature dependence of dielectric permittivity along the polar axis for ferroelectric ammonium fluoroberyllate (AFB) crystal in the vicinity of its phase transition points. The experimental data within incommensurately modulated phase of AFB is compared with the predictions of phenomenological models known from the literature: the Curie-Weiss (CW) law, the generalized Curie-Weiss (GCW) law, and the models by Levanyuk and Sannikov (LS) and by Prelovšek, Levstik and Filipič (PLF) suggested for improper ferroelectrics. It is shown that the LS approach describes the temperature behavior of the dielectric permittivity for the AFB crystal better than the CW, GWC and PLF models. The main physical reasons of this situation are elucidated.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
The SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey: ALMA resolves the rest-frame far-infrared emission of sub-millimeter galaxies
Creators: name: Simpson, J. M.
name: Smail, Ian
name: Swinbank, A. M.
name: Almaini, O.
name: Blain, A. W.
name: Bremer, M. N.
name: Chapman, S. C.
name: Chen, Chian-Chou
name: Conselice, C.
name: Coppin, K. E. K.
name: Danielson, A. L. R.
name: Dunlop, J. S.
name: Edge, A. C.
name: Farrah, D.
name: Geach, J. E.
name: Hartley, W. G.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Karim, A.
name: Lani, C.
name: Ma, C. -J.
name: Meijerink, R.
name: Michalowski, M. J.
name: Mortlock, A.
name: Scott, D.
name: Simpson, C. J.
name: Spaans, M.
name: Thomson, A. P.
name: van Kampen, E.
name: van der Werf, P. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-resolution (0.3'') ALMA 870um imaging of 52 sub-millimeter galaxies (SMGs) in the Ultra Deep Survey (UDS) field and investigate the size and morphology of the sub-millimeter (sub-mm) emission on 2-10kpc scales. We derive a median intrinsic angular size of FWHM=0.30$\pm$0.04'' for the 23 SMGs in the sample detected at a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) >10. Using the photometric redshifts of the SMGs we show that this corresponds to a median physical half-light diameter of 2.4$\pm$0.2kpc. A stacking analysis of the SMGs detected at an SNR <10 shows they have sizes consistent with the 870um-bright SMGs in the sample. We compare our results to the sizes of SMGs derived from other multi-wavelength studies, and show that the rest-frame ~250um sizes of SMGs are consistent with studies of resolved 12CO (J=3-2 to 7-6) emission lines, but that sizes derived from 1.4GHz imaging appear to be approximately two times larger on average, which we attribute to cosmic ray diffusion. The rest-frame optical sizes of SMGs are around four times larger than the sub-millimeter sizes, indicating that the star formation in these galaxies is compact relative to the pre-existing stellar distribution. The size of the starburst region in SMGs is consistent with the majority of the star formation occurring in a central region, a few kpc in extent, with a median star formation rate surface density of 90$\pm$30Msol/yr/kpc$^2$, which may suggest that we are witnessing an intense period of bulge growth in these galaxies.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Measuring Crop Health Using Digital Earth Africa Data Cube
Creators: name: Digital Earth Africa
Publisher: name: GEO Knowledge Hub
Year: 2022
Subjects: analysis
Sentinel 2
NDVI
Interactive
Analysis
Time series
Agriculture

description: What is it about
Background
Crop health or growth can vary in different fields even though they visually look similar thus leading to variability and unpredictability in revenue. Therefore, identifying the underperforming crops can be beneficial in scouting for crop disease and poor-performance fields to ensure management action is taken into consideration.
Digital earth Africa in this case uses satellite imagery to measure plant health over a given time and identify changes in growth patterns between similar fields. The sentinel 2 is a 20 m resolution imagery making it ideal for measuring the crop health over a large field. The normalized difference vegetation index NDVI is used to estimate the density of green on an area of land and track the crops as they reach the maturity stage. Comparing the NDVI of two similar planting areas can help to identify any anomalies in growth patterns.
This notebook allows for easy replication of analysis across Africa, by simply changing the analysis parameters. The user guide provides an overview of the analysis, resources used/supplied, and directions on how to reproduce the research.
This knowledge package includes the necessary data, computational resources, and instructions required to reproduce the methodology used in Digital Earth Africa's ''Measuring crop health'' Jupyter Notebook. 
The User's Guide provides an overview of the application.
Progressive Glass Segmentation
Creators: name: Yu, Letian
name: Mei, Haiyang
name: Dong, Wen
name: Wei, Ziqi
name: Zhu, Li
name: Wang, Yuxin
name: Yang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Glass is very common in the real world. Influenced by the uncertainty about the glass region and the varying complex scenes behind the glass, the existence of glass poses severe challenges to many computer vision tasks, making glass segmentation as an important computer vision task. Glass does not have its own visual appearances but only transmit/reflect the appearances of its surroundings, making it fundamentally different from other common objects. To address such a challenging task, existing methods typically explore and combine useful cues from different levels of features in the deep network. As there exists a characteristic gap between level-different features, i.e., deep layer features embed more high-level semantics and are better at locating the target objects while shallow layer features have larger spatial sizes and keep richer and more detailed low-level information, fusing these features naively thus would lead to a sub-optimal solution. In this paper, we approach the effective features fusion towards accurate glass segmentation in two steps. First, we attempt to bridge the characteristic gap between different levels of features by developing a Discriminability Enhancement (DE) module which enables level-specific features to be a more discriminative representation, alleviating the features incompatibility for fusion. Second, we design a Focus-and-Exploration Based Fusion (FEBF) module to richly excavate useful information in the fusion process by highlighting the common and exploring the difference between level-different features.
Rainfall Anomalies from Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Station Data (Chirps) using Digital Earth Africa Data Cube
Creators: name: Digital Earth Africa
Publisher: name: GEO Knowledge Hub
Year: 2022
Subjects: CHIRPS
Rainfall
Climate
Monthly

description: What is it About
Rainfall anomalies are deviations of rainfall from long-run averages. They are useful for identifying wet and dry periods which can be linked to climatically influenced patterns such as flooding, river flows, and agricultural production. 
This notebook allows for easy replication of analysis across Africa, by simply changing the analysis parameters. The user guide provides an overview of the analysis, resources used/supplied, and directions on how to reproduce the analysis.
This knowledge package includes the necessary data, computational resources, and instructions required to reproduce the methodology used in Digital Earth Africa's 'Rainfall Anomalies from Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Station Data (Chirps)' Jupyter Notebook. 
The User's Guide provides an overview of the application.
Additional file 2 of Gene expression in notochord and nuclei pulposi: a study of gene families across the chordate phylum
Creators: name: Raghavan, Rahul
name: Coppola, Ugo
name: Wu, Yushi
name: Ihewulezi, Chibuike
name: Negrón-Piñeiro, Lenny J.
name: Maguire, Julie E.
name: Hong, Justin
name: Cunningham, Matthew
name: Kim, Han Jo
name: Albert, Todd J.
name: Ali, Abdullah M.
name: Saint-Jeannet, Jean-Pierre
name: Ristoratore, Filomena
name: Dahia, Chitra L.
name: Di Gregorio, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Comparative view of the genomic context of the single-copy RgmA/B/C/D genes found in hemichordates and tunicates and of RgmB genes of vertebrates.
MPEC 2023-U49 : 2023 UE
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 UE

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
The internal proper motion kinematics of NGC346: past formation and future evolution
Creators: name: Sabbi, E.
name: Zeidler, P.
name: van der Marel, R. P.
name: Nota, A.
name: Anderson, J.
name: Gallagher, J. S.
name: Lennon, D. J.
name: Smith, L. J.
name: Gennaro, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the internal kinematics of the young star-forming region NGC 346 in the Small Magellanic Cloud. We used two epochs of deep F555W and F814W Hubble Space Telescope ACS observations with an 11-year baseline to determine proper motions, and study the kinematics of different populations, as identified by their color-magnitude diagram and spatial distribution characteristics. The proper motion field of the young stars shows a complex structure with spatially coherent patterns. NGC 346 upper-main sequence and pre-main sequence stars follow very similar motion patterns, with the outer parts of the cluster being characterized both by outflows and inflows. The proper motion field in the inner ~10 pc shows a combination of rotation and inflow, indicative of inspiraling motion. The rotation velocity in this regions peaks at ~3 km/s, whereas the inflow velocity peaks at ~1 km/s. Sub-clusters and massive young stellar objects in NGC 346 are found at the interface of significant changes in the coherence of the proper motion field. This suggests that turbulence is the main star formation driver in this region. The similar kinematics observed in the metal-poor NGC 346 and the Milky Way star-forming regions suggest that the differences in the cooling conditions due to the different amounts of metallicity and dust density between the SMC and our Galaxy are too small to alter significantly the process of star clusters assembly and growth. The main characteristics of our findings are consistent with various proposed star cluster formation models.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures, Accpeted for publication on ApJ
Unpacking the "Black Box" of AI in Education
Creators: name: Gillani, Nabeel
name: Eynon, Rebecca
name: Chiabaut, Catherine
name: Finkel, Kelsey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have sparked renewed interest in its potential to improve education. However, AI is a loose umbrella term that refers to a collection of methods, capabilities, and limitations-many of which are often not explicitly articulated by researchers, education technology companies, or other AI developers. In this paper, we seek to clarify what "AI" is and the potential it holds to both advance and hamper educational opportunities that may improve the human condition. We offer a basic introduction to different methods and philosophies underpinning AI, discuss recent advances, explore applications to education, and highlight key limitations and risks. We conclude with a set of questions that educationalists may ask as they encounter AI in their research and practice. Our hope is to make often jargon-laden terms and concepts accessible, so that all are equipped to understand, interrogate, and ultimately shape the development of human centered AI in education.
The internal line-of-sight kinematics of NGC 346: the rotation of the core region
Creators: name: Zeidler, Peter
name: Sabbi, Elena
name: Nota, Antonella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the stellar radial velocity analysis of the central 1x1' of the young massive Small Magellanic Cloud star cluster NGC 346. Using VLT/MUSE integral field spectroscopy in combination with Hubble Space Telescope photometry we extract 103 spectra of cluster member stars suited to measure accurate line-of-sight kinematics. The cluster member stars show two distinct velocity groups at v1 = -3.3 (+0.3/-0.2) km/s and v2 = 2.6 (+0.1/-0.1) km/s, relative to the systemic velocity of 165.5+/-0.2 km/s, and hint for a third group at v3 = 9.4 (+0.1/-0.1 km/s. We show that there is neither a correlation between the velocity groups and the spatial location of the stars, nor their locus on optical color-magnitude diagrams, which makes the stellar velocity a key parameter to separate individual stellar components in such a young star cluster. Velocity group 2 shows clear rotation with Omega2 = -0.4 +/- 0.1 1/Myr, corresponding to -4.9+/-0.7 km/s at radial distance of 10 pc from the center, a possible remnant of the formation process of NGC 346 through the hierarchical collapse of the giant molecular cloud. The ionizing gas has lost any natal kinematic imprint and shows clear expansion, driven by far ultra violet fluxes and stellar winds of the numerous OB stars in the cluster center. The size of this expanding bubble and its expansion velocity of 7.9 km/s is in excellent agreement with the estimate that the latest star formation episode occurred about two million years ago.
description: 16 pages, 10 Figures, accepted for publication of ApJ
Tools for Computer-Aided Molecular and Mixture Design
Creators: name: Austin, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90499 Chemical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: This thesis explores mathematical optimization techniques to address the computeraided molecular and mixture design problems (CAMD/CAMxD). In particular, we leverage the power of mixed-integer linear programs (MILPs) to quickly and efficiently design over the massive chemical search space. These MILPs, when coupled with state-ofthe- art derivative-free optimization (DFO) methods, make for an efficient optimization strategy when designing mixtures of molecules or when considering a single molecule design problem that involves difficult thermodynamics or process models. In the first chapter, we provide a very general overview of the field of CAMD as addressed from the perspective of mathematical optimization. We discuss many relevant quantitative structure-property relationships (QSPRs) and provide constraints typically used in CAMD/CAMxD optimization problems. The second chapter introduces our DFO-based molecular/mixture design algorithm and describes how this approach enables a much greater molecular diversity to be considered in the search space as compared to traditional methods. Additionally, this chapter looks at a few case studies relevant to crystallization solvents and provides a detailed comparison of 27 different DFO algorithms for solving these problems. The third chapter introduces COSMO-RS/-SAC as alternatives to UNIFAC as the method used to capture mixture thermodynamics for a variety of CAMD/CAMxD problems. To fully incorporate COSMO-RS/-SAC into CAMD, we introduce group contribution (GC) methods for estimating a few necessary parameters for COSMO-based methods. We demonstrate the utility of COSMO-RS/-SAC in a few case studies for which UNIFAC-like methods are insufficient. In the fourth chapter, we investigate reaction solvent design using COSMO-based methods. COSMO-RS is particularly suitable for these problems as they allow for modeling of many relevant species in chemical reactions (transition states, charges, etc.) directly at the quantum level. This information can be immediately passed to the CAMD problem. We investigate a number of solvent design problems for a few difficult reactions. We summarize the work and provide a few future directions in the final chapter. Overall, this thesis serves to push the field of CAMD forward by introducing new methods to more efficiently explore the massive chemical search space and to enable a few new classes of problems which were previously untenable.
Additional file 3 of Gene expression in notochord and nuclei pulposi: a study of gene families across the chordate phylum
Creators: name: Raghavan, Rahul
name: Coppola, Ugo
name: Wu, Yushi
name: Ihewulezi, Chibuike
name: Negrón-Piñeiro, Lenny J.
name: Maguire, Julie E.
name: Hong, Justin
name: Cunningham, Matthew
name: Kim, Han Jo
name: Albert, Todd J.
name: Ali, Abdullah M.
name: Saint-Jeannet, Jean-Pierre
name: Ristoratore, Filomena
name: Dahia, Chitra L.
name: Di Gregorio, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Comparative view of the genomic context of vertebrate RgmA and RgmC genes.
Unitarity Constraints on Dimension-Six Operators
Creators: name: Corbett, Tyler
name: Eboli, O. J. P.
name: Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the partial-wave unitarity constraints on dimension-six operators stemming from the analyses of vector boson and Higgs scattering processes as well as the inelastic scattering of standard model fermions into electroweak gauge bosons. We take into account all coupled channels, all possible helicity amplitudes, and explore a six-dimensional parameter space of anomalous couplings. Our analysis shows that for those operators affecting the Higgs couplings, present 90% confidence level constraints from global data analysis of Higgs and electroweak data are such that unitarity is not violated if $\sqrt{s}\leq 3.2\;{\rm TeV}$. For the purely gauge-boson operator $O_{WWW}$, the present bounds from triple-gauge boson analysis indicate that within its presently allowed 90% confidence level range unitarity can be violated in $f\bar f' \to V V'$ at center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}\geq 2.4\;{\rm TeV}$.
description: 15 pages, no figures
Ubiquitous Projection: New Interfaces using Mobile Projectors
Creators: name: Willis, Karl D. D.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 120199 Architecture not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: The miniaturization of projection technology has enabled a new class of lightweight mobile devices with embedded projectors. Projection engines as small as a postage stamp are currently being embedded in thousands of mobile devices. Mobile projector-based devices differ in very fundamental ways from the display-based devices we commonly use. Mobile projectors can be carried with the user and project imagery into almost any space, projected content is visible to multiple users and supports social interaction, physical objects and surfaces can be augmented with projected content, and embedded projectors can enable new form-factors for mobile displays.
This research investigates the potential of mobile projectors as a new platform for human-computer interaction. I aim to demonstrate that the unique affordances created by the miniaturization of projection technology can inspire new and compelling interaction with single-users, multi-users, the environment, and projector-embedded objects. This research presents a comprehensive survey of mobile projector-based interaction – documenting interaction with historic projection devices; introducing novel interaction techniques, metaphors, and principles for mobile projector-based systems; providing implementation details of functional prototype devices using mobile projectors; presenting technical innovations, such as the development of specialized projectors and custom marker tracking algorithms; and detailing results from preliminary user testing with the prototype systems created. This research forms a systematic investigation of the past, the present, and a possible future for interaction using mobile projectors.
Vegetation Change Detection using Digital Earth Africa Data Cube
Creators: name: Digital Earth Africa
Publisher: name: GEO Knowledge Hub
Year: 2022
Subjects: EVI
FORESTRY
Change detection
Landsat 8
NDVI
Analysis

description: Description
DE Africa vegetation detection change analysis uses hypothesis testing techniques to stack remotely sensed satellite images to determine regions that have undergone significant change. To measure the presence of vegetation from Landsat imagery the hypothesis is applied to identify areas of significant change along with the direction of the change. Therefore, we can detect the regions of deforestation and afforestation with consideration of the aspect of land use changes from the natural changes introduced by climate variability.
This notebook allows for easy replication of analysis across Africa, by simply changing the analysis parameters. The user guide provides an overview of the analysis, resources used/supplied, and directions on how to reproduce the analysis.
This knowledge package includes the necessary data, computational resources, and instructions required to reproduce the methodology used in Digital Earth Africa's ' Vegetation Change Detection Jupyter Notebook. 
The User's Guide provides an overview of the application.
Unraveling the Role of Cellular Factors in Viral Capsid Formation
Creators: name: Smith, Gregory Robert
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Understanding the mechanisms of virus capsid assembly has been an important research objective over the past few decades. Determining critical points along the pathways by which virus capsids form could prove extremely beneficial in producing more stable DNA vectors or pinpointing targets for antiviral therapy. The inability of current experimental technology to address this objective has resulted in a need for alternative approaches. Theoretical and computational studies offer an unprecedented opportunity for detailed examination of capsid assembly. The Schwartz Lab has previously developed a discrete event stochastic simulator to model virus assembly based upon local rules detailing the geometry and interaction kinetics of individual capsid subunits. Applying numerical optimization methods to learn kinetic rate parameters that fit simulation output to in vitro static light scattering data has been a successful avenue to understand the details of virus assembly systems; however, information describing in vitro assembly processes does not necessarily translate to real virus assembly pathways in vivo. There are a number of important distinctions between experimental and realistic assembly environments that must be addressed to produce an accurate model. This thesis will describe work expanding upon previous parameter estimation algorithms for more complex data over three model icosahedral virus systems: human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV). Then it will consider two important modifications to assembly environment to more accurately reflect in vivo conditions: macromolecular crowding and the presence of nucleic acid about which viruses may assemble. The results of this work led to a number of surprising revelations about the variability in potential assembly rates and mechanisms discovered and insight into how assembly mechanisms are affected by changes in concentration, fluctuations in kinetic rates and adjustments to the assembly environment.
MPEC 2023-U50 : 2023 UF
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 UF

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Rhabdomyosarcoma as the first presentation in Neurofibromatosis Type 1: case series and review of the literature
Creators: name: Castle, Alison M. R.
name: Empringham, Brianna
name: Pinto, Lisa M
name: Villani, Anita
name: Kanwar, Nisha
name: Abbott, Lesleigh S.
name: Sawyer, Sarah L
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) is a neurocutaneous syndrome characterized by multiple café-au-lait macules, neurofibromas, and predisposition to malignancies, including rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS). Somatic NF1 mutations occur in RMS and other cancers, and ∼1% of patients with RMS have NF1. We describe three patients who presented prior to one year of age with RMS and were subsequently diagnosed with NF1. Compared to sporadic RMS, patients with this cancer predisposition syndrome are diagnosed younger, genitourinary sites are more common, and tumors are almost exclusively the embryonal subtype. Genomic sequencing of the tumor was initiated in one patient, and we identified a second sequence variant in NF1. The identification of molecular drivers in tumors is changing the nature of pediatric oncology by informing therapeutics targeted to specific molecular pathways and selecting patients who are likely to harbor germline variants in cancer predisposition genes who would benefit from a Medical Genetics assessment.
Some notes on the impact of Lagrange's memoir "On the construction of geographical maps"
Creators: name: Papadopoulos, Athanase
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: These are notes on the impact of Lagrange's memoir on the construction of geographical maps. We mention the relations of some ideas and questions introduced in this memoir with other notions that appeared later in the works of several mathematicians, including in particular Chebyshev (19th c.) and Darboux (19th-20th c.), two mathematicians who were particularly interested in geography.
Additional file 6 of Gene expression in notochord and nuclei pulposi: a study of gene families across the chordate phylum
Creators: name: Raghavan, Rahul
name: Coppola, Ugo
name: Wu, Yushi
name: Ihewulezi, Chibuike
name: Negrón-Piñeiro, Lenny J.
name: Maguire, Julie E.
name: Hong, Justin
name: Cunningham, Matthew
name: Kim, Han Jo
name: Albert, Todd J.
name: Ali, Abdullah M.
name: Saint-Jeannet, Jean-Pierre
name: Ristoratore, Filomena
name: Dahia, Chitra L.
name: Di Gregorio, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Figure S6. Comparative view of the genomic context of hemichordate, tunicate and vertebrate Coro7 genes.
Sensitivity enhancement using chirp transmission for an ultrasound arthroscopic probe
Creators: name: Pialot, Baptiste
name: Bernard, Adeline
name: Liebgott, Herve
name: Varray, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Meniscal tear in the knee joint is a highly common injury that can require an ablation. However, the success rate of meniscectomy is highly impacted by difficulties in estimating the thin vascularization of the meniscus, which determines the healing capacities of the patient. Indeed, the vascularization is estimated using arthroscopic cameras that lack of a high sensitivity to blood flow. Here, we propose an ultrasound method for estimating the density of vascularization in the meniscus during surgery. This approach uses an arthroscopic probe driven by ultrafast sequences. To enhance the sensitivity of the method, we propose to use a chirp-coded excitation combined to a mismatched compression filter robust to the attenuation. This chirp approach was compared to a standard ultrafast emission and a Hadamard-coded emission using a flow phantom. The mismatched filter was also compared to a matched filter. Results show that, for a velocity of a few mm/s, the mismatched filter gives a 4.4 to 10.4 dB increase of the signal-to-noise ratio compared to the Hadamard emission and a 3.1 to 6.6 dB increase compared to the matched filter. Such increases are obtained for a loss of axial resolution of 13% when comparing the point spread functions of the mismatched and matched filters. Hence, the mismatched filter allows increasing significantly the probe capacity to detect slow flows at the cost of a small loss in axial resolution. This preliminary study is the first step toward an ultrasensitive ultrasound arthroscopic probe able to assist the surgeon during meniscectomy.