cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rrp5p, Noc1p and Noc2p form a protein module which is part of early large ribosomal subunit precursors in S. cerevisiae
Creators: name: Hierlmeier, Thomas
name: Merl, Juliane
name: Sauert, Martina
name: Perez-Fernandez, Jorge
name: Schultz, Patrick
name: Bruckmann, Astrid
name: Hamperl, Stephan
name: Ohmayer, Uli
name: Rachel, Reinhard
name: Jacob, Anja
name: Hergert, Kristin
name: Deutzmann, Rainer
name: Griesenbeck, Joachim
name: Hurt, Ed
name: Milkereit, Philipp
name: Baßler, Jochen
name: Tschochner, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Eukaryotic ribosome biogenesis requires more than 150 auxiliary proteins, which transiently interact with pre-ribosomal particles. Previous studies suggest that several of these biogenesis factors function together as modules. Using a heterologous expression system, we show that the large ribosomal subunit (LSU) biogenesis factor Noc1p of Saccharomyces cerevisiae can simultaneously interact with the LSU biogenesis factor Noc2p and Rrp5p, a factor required for biogenesis of the large and the small ribosomal subunit. Proteome analysis of RNA polymerase-I-associated chromatin and chromatin immunopurification experiments indicated that all members of this protein module and a specific set of LSU biogenesis factors are co-transcriptionally recruited to nascent ribosomal RNA (rRNA) precursors in yeast cells. Further ex vivo analyses showed that all module members predominantly interact with early pre-LSU particles after the initial pre-rRNA processing events have occurred. In yeast strains depleted of Noc1p, Noc2p or Rrp5p, levels of the major LSU pre-rRNAs decreased and the respective other module members were associated with accumulating aberrant rRNA fragments. Therefore, we conclude that the module exhibits several binding interfaces with pre-ribosomes. Taken together, our results suggest a co- and post-transcriptional role of the yeast Rrp5p-Noc1p-Noc2p module in the structural organization of early LSU precursors protecting them from non-productive RNase activity.
Transport moments and Andreev billiards with tunnel barriers
Creators: name: Kuipers, Jack
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: SEMICLASSICAL APPROACH; CHAOTIC SCATTERING; QUANTUM TRANSPORT; MATRIX THEORY; CAVITIES
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 03.65.Sq
subject: 05.45.Mt
subject: 72.70.+m
subject: 73.23.−b
subject: 74.40.−n
subject: 74.45.+c

description: Open chaotic systems are expected to possess universal transport statistics and recently there have been many advances in understanding and obtaining expressions for their transport moments. However when tunnel barriers are added, which represents the situation in more general experimental physical systems much less is known about the behaviour of the moments. By incorporating tunnel barriers in the recursive semiclassical diagrammatic approach we obtain the moment generating function of the transmission eigenvalues at leading and subleading order. For reflection quantities quantum mechanical tunneling phases play an essential role and we introduce new structures to deal with them. This allows us to obtain the moment generating function of the reflection eigenvalues and the Wigner delay times at leading order. Our semiclassical results are in complementary regimes to the leading order results derived from random matrix theory expanding the range of theoretically known moments. As a further application we derive to leading order the density of states of Andreev billiards coupled to a superconductor through tunnel barriers.
title: HYGIENIC CHARACTERISTICS OF INCIDENCE  WITH TIME LOSS OF EMPLOYMENT OF WORKERS EMPLOYED  IN THE PRODUCTION OF ALUMINUM
Creators: name: Boykin, Aleksandr S.
name: Kurenkova, Galina V.
Publisher: name: Astrakhan State Medical University
Year: 2021

description: Abstract. The article presents the results of calculating and analyzing the incidence of temporary disability of workers employed at an aluminum production enterprise for 2016-2020. In the course of the study, the methods of descriptive statistics were used (intensive indicators, average approximation error (R2), growth rate, progression coefficient). Differences in the frequency and duration of tempo-rary disability for the study period are shown in comparison with the indicators of the Siberian Federal District and the Russian Federation, which require a specific approach when developing measures to prevent and re-duce it. A statistically significant increase in indicators for a 5-year period was established both in gen-eral morbidity with temporary disability (R2 = 0.9521) and in the class «Diseases of the musculoskele-tal system and connective tissue» (R2 = 0.9079). At the same time, the growth rate of this pathology from 2016 to 2020 was 71,15 %. The analysis of the incidence of temporary disability is the basis for the development and implementation of measures to prevent the harmful effects of the severity of the labor process and reduce the incidence of workers. Keywords: working conditions, morbidity with temporary disability, the severity of the labor process.
The tractability of CSP classes defined by forbidden patterns
Creators: name: Cohen, David A.
name: Cooper, Martin C.
name: Creed, Páidí
name: Salamon, András Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) is a general problem central to computer science and artificial intelligence. Although the CSP is NP-hard in general, considerable effort has been spent on identifying tractable subclasses. The main two approaches consider structural properties (restrictions on the hypergraph of constraint scopes) and relational properties (restrictions on the language of constraint relations). Recently, some authors have considered hybrid properties that restrict the constraint hypergraph and the relations simultaneously. Our key contribution is the novel concept of a CSP pattern and classes of problems defined by forbidden patterns (which can be viewed as forbidding generic subproblems). We describe the theoretical framework which can be used to reason about classes of problems defined by forbidden patterns. We show that this framework generalises relational properties and allows us to capture known hybrid tractable classes. Although we are not close to obtaining a dichotomy concerning the tractability of general forbidden patterns, we are able to make some progress in a special case: classes of problems that arise when we can only forbid binary negative patterns (generic subproblems in which only inconsistent tuples are specified). In this case we are able to characterise very large classes of tractable and NP-hard forbidden patterns. This leaves the complexity of just one case unresolved and we conjecture that this last case is tractable.
GRB spectral parameter modeling
Creators: name: Fleishman, Gregory D.
name: Urtiev, Fedor A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fireball model of the gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) predicts generation of numerous internal shocks, which efficiently accelerate charged particles and generate relatively small-scale stochastic magnetic and electric fields. The accelerated particles diffuse in space due to interaction with the random waves and so emit so called Diffusive Synchrotron Radiation (DSR) in contrast to standard synchrotron radiation they would produce in a large-scale regular magnetic fields. In this contribution we present key results of detailed modeling of the GRB spectral parameters, which demonstrate that the non-perturbative DSR emission mechanism in a strong random magnetic field is consistent with observed distributions of the Band parameters and also with cross-correlations between them.
description: 3 pages; IAU symposium # 274 "Advances in Plasma Astrophysics"
Spin Liquid Ground State in the Frustrated Kagome Antiferromagnet MgCu3(OH)6Cl2
Creators: name: Kermarrec, E.
name: Mendels, P.
name: Bert, F.
name: Colman, R. H.
name: Wills, A. S.
name: Strobel, P.
name: Bonville, P.
name: Hillier, A.
name: Amato, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report muSR experiments on Mg{x}Cu{4-x}(OH)6Cl2 with x \sim 1, a new material isostructural to Herbertsmithite exhibiting regular kagome planes of spin 1/2 (Cu^{2+}), and therefore a candidate for a spin liquid ground state. We evidence the absence of any magnetic ordering down to 20 mK (\sim J/10^4). We investigate in detail the spin dynamics on well characterized samples in zero and applied longitudinal fields and propose a low T defect based interpretation to explain the unconventional dynamics observed in the quantum spin liquid phase.
title: Imaging of nasosinusal tumors
Creators: name: Fraj, Bouhajja
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Bones
subject: Oncology
subject: Head and neck
subject: CT
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: -To remind the radioanatomy of the sinonasal cavities. -To evaluate the central role of CT and MRI imaging in the management of benign and malignant sinonasal tumors. -To describe the deep sinonasal tumors extension on...
Learning image-based localization
Creators: name: Meng, Lili
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Image-based localization plays a vital role in many tasks of robotics and computer vision, such as global localization, recovery from tracking failure, and loop closure detection. Recent methods based on regression forests for camera relocalization directly predict 3D world locations for 2D image locations to guide camera pose optimization. During training, each tree greedily splits the samples to minimize the spatial variance. This thesis develops techniques to improve the performance camera pose estimation based on regression forests method and extends its application domains. First, random features and sparse features are combined so that the new method only requires an RGB image in the testing. After that, a label-free sample-balanced objective is developed to encourage equal numbers of samples in the left and right sub-trees, and a novel backtracking scheme is developed to remedy the incorrect 2D-3D correspondence in the leaf nodes caused by greedy splitting. Furthermore, the methods based on regression forests are extended to use local features in both training and test stages for outdoor applications, eliminating their dependence on depth images. Finally, a new camera relocalization method is developed using both points and lines. Experimental results on publicly available indoor and outdoor datasets demonstrate the efficacy of the developed approaches, showing superior or on-par accuracy with several state-of-the-art baselines. Moreover, an integrated software and hardware system is presented for mo- bile robot autonomous navigation in uneven and unstructured indoor environments. This modular and reusable software framework incorporates capabilities of perception and autonomous navigation. The system is evaluated are in both simulation and real-world experiments, demonstrating the efficacy and efficiency of the developed system.
Investigating ideomotor cognition with motorvisual priming paradigms: key findings, methodological challenges, and future directions
Creators: name: Thomaschke, Roland
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: motorvisual priming, dual task, ideomotor theory, binding, planning and control model, action-effect blindness, categorical perception
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Ideomotor theory claims that perceptual representations of action-effects are functionally involved in the planning of actions. Strong evidence for this claim comes from a phenomenon called motorvisual priming. Motorvisual priming refers to the finding that action planning directly affects perception, and that the effects are selective for stimuli that share features with the planned action. Motorvisual priming studies have provided detailed insights into the processing of perceptual representations in action planning. One important finding is that such representations in action planning have a categorical format, whereas metric representations are not anticipated in planning. Further essential findings regard the processing mechanisms and the time course of ideomotor cognition. Perceptual representations of action-effects are first activated by action planning and then bound into a compound representation of the action plan. This compound representation is stabilized throughout the course of the action by the shielding of all involved representations from other cognitive processes. Despite a rapid growth in the number of motorvisual priming studies in the current literature, there are still many aspects of ideomotor cognition which have not yet been investigated. These aspects include the scope of ideomotor processing with regard to action types and stimulus types, as well as the exact nature of the binding and shielding mechanisms involved.
Time-dependent density functional theory for quantum transport
Creators: name: Zheng, Xiao
name: Chen, GuanHua
name: Mo, Yan
name: Koo, SiuKong
name: Tian, Heng
name: Yam, ChiYung
name: Yan, YiJing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on our earlier works [Phys. Rev. B 75, 195127 (2007) & J. Chem. Phys. 128, 234703 (2008)], we propose a formally exact and numerically convenient approach to simulate time-dependent quantum transport from first-principles. The proposed approach combines time-dependent density functional theory with quantum dissipation theory, and results in a useful tool for studying transient dynamics of electronic systems. Within the proposed exact theoretical framework, we construct a number of practical schemes for simulating realistic systems such as nanoscopic electronic devices. Computational cost of each scheme is analyzed, with the expected level of accuracy discussed. As a demonstration, a simulation based on the adiabatic wide-band limit approximation scheme is carried out to characterize the transient current response of a carbon nanotube based electronic device under time-dependent external voltages.
Matrix factorizations via Koszul duality
Creators: name: Tu, Junwu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18E30, 14B05

description: In this paper we prove a version of curved Koszul duality for Z/2Z-graded curved coalgebras and their coBar differential graded algebras. A curved version of the homological perturbation lemma is also obtained as a useful technical tool for studying curved (co)algebras and precomplexes. The results of Koszul duality can be applied to study the category of matrix factorizations MF(R,W). We show how Dyckerhoff's generating results fit into the framework of curved Koszul duality theory. This enables us to clarify the relationship between the Borel-Moore Hochschild homology of curved (co)algebras and the ordinary Hochschild homology of the category MF(R,W). Similar results are also obtained in the orbifold case and in the graded case.
description: Latex 34 pages, rewritten introduction, deleted an appendix, minor modification on proofs, final version
Remembering Communism During and After Communism (review article)
Creators: name: Brunnbauer, Ulf
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 940 Geschichte Europas

description: In the past decade there has been a real explosion of studies on collective memory in eastern Europe. Two large themes have attracted the attention of scholars: the ongoing re-evaluations of the past after the end of communism and the memory of state socialism. These two topics were evidently related to each other in two ways: first, the communist period became an object of collective memory and many events linked to communist rule were re-evaluated once taboos and politically imposed interpretations fell by the wayside. Second, many political and public figures identified communist rule in eastern Europe as the reason why the nation's ‘genuine’ memory had been distorted. Now, they claimed, history could and had to be rewritten in order to bring previously suppressed memories to the foreground.
Face distortion aftereffects evoked by featureless first-order stimulus configurations
Creators: name: Vakli, Pàl
name: Nèmeth, Kornèl
name: Zimmer, Màrta
name: Schweinberger, Stefan R.
name: Kovács, Gyula
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: face distortion aftereffect, first-order relations, second-order relations, configural processing, contrast polarity
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: After prolonged exposure to a distorted face with expanded or contracted inner features, a subsequently presented normal face appears distorted toward the opposite direction. This phenomenon, termed as face distortion aftereffect (FDAE), is thought to occur as a result of changes in the mechanisms involved in higher order visual processing. However, the extent to which FDAE is mediated by face-specific configural processing is less known. In the present study, we investigated whether similar aftereffects can be induced by stimuli lacking all the typical characteristics of a human face except for its first-order configural properties. We found a significant FDAE after adaptation to a stimulus consisting of three white dots arranged in a triangular fashion and placed in a gray oval. FDAEs occurred also when the adapting and test stimuli differed in size or when the contrast polarity of the adaptor image was changed. However, the inversion of the adapting image as well as the reduction of its contrast abolished the aftereffect entirely. Taken together, our results suggest that higher-level visual areas, which are involved in the processing of facial configurations, mediate the FDAE. Further, while adaptation seems to be largely invariant to contrast polarity, it appears sensitive to orientation and to lower level manipulations that affect the saliency of the inner features.
description: Specialty Section of Frontiers in Psychology: Frontiers in Perception Science
Regression analysis for discrete event history or failure time data
Creators: name: Hamerle, Alfred
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: The paper deals with discrete-time regression models to analyze multistate—multiepisode models for event history data or failure time data collected in follow-up studies, retrospective studies, or longitudinal panels. The models are applicable if the events are not dated exactly but only a time interval is recorded. The models include individual specific parameters to account for unobserved heterogeneity. The explantory variables may be time-varying and random with distributions depending on the observed history of the process. Different estimation procedures are considered: Estimation of structural as well as individual specific parameters by maximization of a joint likelihood function, estimation of the structural parameters by maximization of a conditional likelihood function conditioning on a set of sufficient statistics for the individual specific parameters, and estimation of the structural parameters by maximization of a marginal likelihood function assuming that the individual specific parameters follow a distribution. The advantages and limitations of the different approaches are discussed.
Cascade of failures in coupled network systems with multiple support-dependent relations
Creators: name: Shao, Jia
name: Buldyrev, Sergey V.
name: Havlin, Shlomo
name: Stanley, H. Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study, both analytically and numerically, the cascade of failures in two coupled network systems A and B, where multiple support-dependent relations are randomly built between nodes of networks A and B. In our model we assume that each node in one network can function only if it has at least a single support node in the other network. If both networks A and B are Erdős-Rényi networks, A and B, with (i) sizes $N^A$ and $N^B$, (ii) average degrees $a$ and $b$, and (iii) $c^{AB}_0N^B$ support links from network A to B and $c^{BA}_0N^B$ support links from network B to A, we find that under random attack with removal of fractions $(1-R^A)N^A$ and $(1-R^B)N^B$ nodes respectively, the percolating giant components of both networks at the end of the cascading failures, $μ^A_\infty$ and $μ^B_\infty$, are given by the percolation laws $μ^A_\infty = R^A [1-\exp{({-c^{BA}_0μ^B_\infty})}] [1-\exp{({-aμ^A_\infty})}]$ and $μ^B_\infty = R^B [1-\exp{({-c^{AB}_0μ^A_\infty})}] [1-\exp{({-bμ^B_\infty})}]$. In the limit of $c^{BA}_0 \to \infty$ and $c^{AB}_0 \to \infty$, both networks become independent, and the giant components are equivalent to a random attack on a single Erdős-Rényi network. We also test our theory on two coupled scale-free networks, and find good agreement with the simulations.
Photonic Crystal Based Sensor for Organic Solvents and for Solvent-Water Mixtures
Creators: name: Fenzl, Christoph
name: Hirsch, Thomas
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: photonic crystal; sensor; PDMS; solvent polarity; water sensor
subject: 540 Chemie

description: Monodisperse polystyrene nanoparticles with a diameter of 173 nm were incorporated into a polydimethylsiloxane matrix where they display an iridescent color that can be attributed to the photonic crystal effect. The film is of violet color if placed in plain water, but turns to red in the presence of the non-polar solvent n-hexane. Several solvents were studied in some detail. We show that such films are capable of monitoring the water content of ethanol/water mixtures, where only 1% (v/v) of water leads to a shift of the peak wavelength of reflected light by 5 nm. The method also can be applied to determine, both visually and instrumentally, the fraction of methanol in ethanol/methanol mixtures. Here, a fraction of 1% of methanol (v/v) results in a wavelength shift of 2 nm. The reflected wavelength is not influenced by temperature changes nor impeded by photobleaching. The signal changes are fully reversible and response times are <1 s.
description: Special Issue: State-of-the-Art Sensors Technology in Germany 2012
Emigration Policies and Nation-Building in Interwar Yugoslavia
Creators: name: Brunnbauer, Ulf
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: diaspora, emigration, Kingdom of Yugoslavia, migration policies, minorities, nation building, nationalism
subject: 940 Geschichte Europas

description: This article analyses the connection between emigration policies and nationalism in interwar Yugoslavia (1918–1941). It argues that Yugoslav policymakers used emigration as a means of nation-building. On the one hand, the Yugoslav state pursued long-distance nation-building by aiming to create a ‘Yugoslav diaspora’ out of the hundreds of thousands of overseas emigrants of South Slavic extraction who had left territories that in 1918 became part of Yugoslavia. On the other hand, the state pursued an ethnically differentiated exit policy. To this end, the emigration of minorities was supported, particularly in the case of non-Slavic Muslims, while the emigration of so-called ‘national’ elements was restricted. In order to assess the efficacy of these policies, the article also looks at the legal and institutional framework within which migration policies were carried out. It concludes that, while the policies’ effects did not correspond with policymakers’ intentions, emigration policy nevertheless provides an original perspective on nation-building in interwar Yugoslavia.
A quantitative witness for Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger entanglement
Creators: name: Eltschka, Christopher
name: Siewert, Jens
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Along with the vast progress in experimental quantum technologies there is an increasing demand for the quantification of entanglement between three or more quantum systems. Theory still does not provide adequate tools for this purpose. The objective is, besides the quest for exact results, to develop operational methods that allow for efficient entanglement quantification. Here we put forward an analytical approach that serves both these goals. We provide a simple procedure to quantify Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger–type multipartite entanglement in arbitrary three-qubit states. For two qubits this method is equivalent to Wootters' seminal result for the concurrence. It establishes a close link between entanglement quantification and entanglement detection by witnesses, and can be generalised both to higher dimensions and to more than three parties.
Goodness-of-fit tests for probabilistic measurement models
Creators: name: Hamerle, Alfred
name: Tutz, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: General goodness of fit tests for probabilistic response models are developed. The tests are applicable in psychophysics, in the theory of choice behavior and in mathematical learning theories. The necessary and sufficient constraints that a measurement model puts on the response probabilities are used for testing this model. In addition, representation theorems for some models are proved and the goodness of fit to experimental data is considered.
ΔY/ ΔZ from the analysis of local K dwarfs
Creators: name: Gennaro, Mario
name: Moroni, Pier Giorgio Prada
name: Degl'Innocenti, Scilla
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stellar helium-to-metal enrichment ratio, ΔY/ΔZ, is a widely studied astrophysical quantity. However, its value is still not precisely constrained. This paper is focused on the study of the main sources of uncertainty which affect the ΔY/ΔZ derived from the analysis of the low-main sequence (MS) stars in the solar neighborhood. The possibility to infer the value of ΔY/ΔZ from the study of low-MS stars relies on the dependence of the stellar luminosity and effective temperature on the initial Y and Z. The ΔY/ΔZ ratio is obtained by comparing the magnitude difference between the observed stars and a reference theoretical zero age main sequence (ZAMS) with the related theoretical magnitude differences computed from a new set of stellar models with up-to-date input physics and a fine grid of chemical compositions. A Monte Carlo approach has been used to evaluate the impact on the result of different sources of uncertainty, i.e. observational errors, evolutionary effects, systematic uncertainties of the models. As a check of the procedure, the method has been applied to a different data set, namely the low-MS of the Hyades. Once a set of ZAMS and atmosphere models have been chosen, we found that the inferred value of ΔY/ΔZ is sensitive to the age of the stellar sample, even if we restricted the data set to low luminosity stars. The lack of an accurate age estimate of low mass field stars leads to an underestimate of the inferred ΔY/ΔZ of ~2 units. On the contrary the method firmly recovers the ΔY/ΔZ value for not evolved samples of stars such as the Hyades low-MS. Adopting a solar calibrated mixing-length parameter and the PHOENIX GAIA v2.6.1 atmospheric models, we found ΔY/ΔZ = 5.3 +/- 1.4 once the age correction has been applied. The Hyades sample provided a perfectly consistent value.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Chronic Subordinate Colony Housing (CSC) as a Model of Chronic Psychosocial Stress in Male Rats
Creators: name: Nyuyki, Kewir D.
name: Beiderbeck, Daniela Ingeborg
name: Lukas, Michael
name: Neumann, Inga D.
name: Reber, Stefan Oskar
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: Chronic subordinate colony housing (CSC) is an adequate and reliable mouse model of chronic psychosocial stress, resulting in reduced body weight gain, reduced thymus and increased adrenal weight, long-lasting anxiety-like behaviour, and spontaneous colitis. Furthermore, CSC mice show increased corticotrophin (ACTH) responsiveness to acute heterotypic stressors, suggesting a general mechanism which allows a chronically-stressed organism to adequately respond to a novel threat. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to extend the CSC model to another rodent species, namely male Wistar rats, and to characterize relevant physiological, immunological, and behavioural consequences; placing particular emphasis on changes in hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis responsiveness to an acute heterotypic stressor. In line with previous mouse data, exposure of Wistar rats to 19 days of CSC resulted in a decrease in body weight gain and absolute thymus mass, mild colonic barrier defects and intestinal immune activation. Moreover, no changes in stress-coping behaviour or social preference were seen; again in agreement with the mouse paradigm. Most importantly, CSC rats showed an increased plasma corticosterone response to an acute heterotypic stressorv (open arm, 5 min) despite displaying similar basal levels and similar basal and stressor-induced plasma ACTH levels. In contrast to CSC mice, anxiety-related behaviour and absolute, as well as relative adrenal weights remained unchanged in CSC rats. In summary, the CSC paradigm could be established as an adequate model of chronic psychosocial stress in male rats. Our data further support the initial hypothesis that adrenal hyper-responsiveness to ACTH during acute heterotypic stressors represents a general adaptation, which enables a chronically-stressed organism to adequately respond to novel challenges.
Analytical and numerical study on the fast refill of compressed natural gas with heat removal
Creators: name: Zhang, Guoyu
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Heavy-duty vehicles powered by compressed natural gas (CNG) store the fuel in large onboard cylinders. Fast fill of depleted CNG cylinders is a common refueling method because it achieves refueling time comparable to liquid fuels. However, under-filling of CNG cylinders occurs due to the recompression work of CNG in the cylinder that heats the fuel. The heated fuel has a lower density at the rated pressure, and thus less mass of CNG can be stored than if it was at ambient temperature. While there are many previous works that have modeled or measured the pressure, temperature rise and the mass filled of the gas during filling, very few of them have investigated potential solutions to improve fill efficiency. Since heat generation during fast fill is inevitable, concepts that can actively or passively remove the generated heat during the fill process are required to achieve the needed improvements in fill efficiency. In this study, analytical and numerical models of the filling process of CNG into a Type-III cylinder with and without heat removal are developed. In the analytical study, mass and energy conservation equations are coupled with an ideal-gas equation of state and orifice flow equations to predict the heat generation rates during fast fill. The influence of heat removal via a cooling coil inserted into the cylinder on the dispensed mass and fill time is quantified. The analytical study is compared to numerical simulations employing a two-dimensional axisymmetric computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model for unsteady, compressible turbulent flow without cooling, with active cooling and with pre-chilling. Dynamic average temperature, pressure and mass curves as well as the local temperature distribution in the cylinder are obtained at different time instances during the fill. The effect of the location of the heat removal coils is also investigated. The results illustrate the benefit of heat removal from the cylinder as a means of improving the fast fill efficiency, which can help increase the penetration of CNG into the Canadian transportation sector and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Supply chains in a modern geopolitical environment
Creators: name: Fargher, Ben
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2024
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
International Relations/Trade

description: Global food security in a riskier world is a vitally important topic. Nearly 830 million people are food insecure – there are real and urgent challenges facing the global food system. Topics such as market access and the empowerment of people, especially as it relates to smallholder agriculture in the Asia Pacific region, are critical. As Cargill sits at the centre of the global agricultural supply chain, working alongside farmers, producers, manufacturers, retailers, governments, and other organisations, the presentation will raise solutions for resilient food and nutrition systems, with particular emphasis on the supply chain. It will explain the Cargill experience of the implications for farmers of disruptions to global supply chains in a modern geopolitical environment including from rising demand, climate and geopolitical conflict. Experiences from COVID-19 lockdowns and the more recent disruptions due to the war in Ukraine, have had significant implications for farmers and agribusiness and strategies for diversification of markets, more flexible and resilient supply chains, and planning for resilience to reduce future vulnerability for the benefit of consumers and growers will be considered. One if not the most urgent challenge is the climate crisis. Cargill is committed to reducing the climate impact of agriculture and agriculture is part of the solution to this challenge. Working with suppliers, customers, and partners, action-oriented, lasting solutions and several practical examples will be outlined.
An efficient all-optical switch using a lambda atom in a cavity QED system
Creators: name: Nielsen, Anne E. B.
name: Kerckhoff, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an all-optical switch constructed from a two-mode optical resonator containing a strongly coupled, three-state system. The coupling allows a weak, continuous wave laser drive to incoherently control the transmission of a much stronger, continuous wave signal laser into (and through) the resonator. We demonstrate that in this simple setup the presence of a control drive with one tenth the power of the signal drive can induce near complete reflection of the signal, while its absence allows for near complete transmission. The switch can also be operated as a set-reset relay with two control inputs that efficiently drive the switch into either the reflecting or the transmitting state.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, v2: published version
Top-Down Control in Contour Grouping
Creators: name: Volberg, Gregor
name: Wutz, Andreas
name: Greenlee, Mark W.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Human observers tend to group oriented line segments into full contours if they follow the Gestalt rule of 'good continuation'. It is commonly assumed that contour grouping emerges automatically in early visual cortex. In contrast, recent work in animal models suggests that contour grouping requires learning and thus involves top-down control from higher brain structures. Here we explore mechanisms of top-down control in perceptual grouping by investigating synchronicity within EEG oscillations. Human participants saw two micro-Gabor arrays in a random order, with the task to indicate whether the first (S1) or the second stimulus (S2) contained a contour of collinearly aligned elements. Contour compared to non-contour S1 produced a larger posterior post-stimulus beta power (15–21 Hz). Contour S2 was associated with a pre-stimulus decrease in posterior alpha power (11–12 Hz) and in fronto-posterior theta (4–5 Hz) phase couplings, but not with a post-stimulus increase in beta power. The results indicate that subjects used prior knowledge from S1 processing for S2 contour grouping. Expanding previous work on theta oscillations, we propose that long-range theta synchrony shapes neural responses to perceptual groupings regulating lateral inhibition in early visual cortex.
Acyloxybutadiene tricarbonyl iron complexes as enzyme-triggered CO-releasing molecules (ET-CORMs): a structure-activity relationship study
Creators: name: Romanski, Steffen
name: Kraus, Birgit
name: Guttentag, Miguel
name: Schlundt, Waldemar
name: Rücker, Hannelore
name: Adler, Andreas
name: Neudörfl, Jörg-Martin
name: Alberto, Roger
name: Amslinger, Sabine
name: Schmalz, Hans-Günther
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: A series of η4-acyloxycyclohexadiene–Fe(CO)3 complexes was prepared and fully characterized by spectroscopic methods including single crystal X-ray diffraction. For this purpose a new synthetic access to differently acylated 1,3- and 1,5-dienol–Fe(CO)3 complexes was developed. The enzymatically triggered CO release from these compounds was monitored (detection of CO through GC and/or by means of a myoglobin assay) and the anti-inflammatory effect of the compounds was assessed by a cellular assay based on the inhibition of NO-production by inducible NO synthase (iNOS). It was demonstrated that the properties (rate of esterase-triggered CO release, iNOS inhibition, cytotoxicity) of the complexes strongly depend on the substitution pattern of the π-ligand and the nature of the acyloxy substituent.
Identification and estimation of continuous time dynamic systems with exogenous variables using panel data
Creators: name: Hamerle, Alfred
name: Singer, Hermann
name: Nagl, Willi
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: This paper deals with the identification and maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters of a stochastic differential equation from discrete time sampling. Score function and maximum likelihood equations are derived explicitly. The stochastic differential equation system is extended to allow for random effects and the analysis of panel data. In addition, we investigate the identifiability of the continuous time parameters, in particular the impact of the inclusion of exogenous variables.
Quiver varieties and the character ring of general linear groups over finite fields
Creators: name: Letellier, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe the "generic" part of the character ring of general linear groups over a finite field in terms of quiver representations.
description: Few misprints corrected
Catalytic synthesis of amines : from small molecules to nitrogen-containing polymers
Creators: name: Perry, Mitchell Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: The research presented in this thesis highlights the utility of N,O-chelated complexes of early transition metals for the catalytic synthesis of amines. Two atom economic transformations to make carbon-carbon and carbon-nitrogen bonds, hydroaminoalkylation and hydroamination, were investigated. A significant expansion of the substrate scope of a pre-established catalytic system is presented, and a variety of novel titanium precatalysts were developed and screened for catalytic activity. The products of hydroaminoalkylation were employed as monomers for ring-opening metathesis polymerization using known ruthenium-based catalysts. These amine-containing polymers show interesting rheological behavior attributed to the presence of hydrogen bonding interactions. The substrate scope of a previously reported tantalum phosphoramidate complex capable of room temperature reactivity was expanded to include a solvent-free protocol. This methodology was shown to afford amine products in comparable or greater yields than the related diluted reactions. Titanium metal was investigated as an alternative to tantalum-based precatalysts. A family of mono-, di-, and tri-substituted phosphoramidate complexes was presented, with mono-phosphoramidates outperforming the others in the catalytic synthesis of amines, despite being susceptible to unwanted ligand redistribution reactions. The selective mono-alkylation of cyclic diene substrates was shown to generate strained alkene products suitable for use in ring-opening metathesis polymerization. Despite having unsaturated, Lewis-basic moieties, these monomers were polymerized to generate a variety of viscoelastic homopolymers bearing substituted aryl-amines with tunable hydrogen bonding potential. Thermal and rheological analysis revealed behaviours characteristic of hydrogen bonding, such as increased glass transition temperatures, and viscosity dependent on molecular weight and amine substitution. An expansion of the monomers amenable to polymerization was presented, and a variety of copolymeric structures were synthesized. Efforts focused on pairing amine-containing monomers with those of commodity plastics, such as norbornene. Excellent control over monomer incorporation was achieved in most cases. Preliminary investigations into useful applications of these novel polymers were presented and include anti-microbial materials, agents for sequestering metal ions, and compatibilizers for polymer blends. These preliminary experimental results show promise and future efforts will focus on realizing the full potential of these unique materials.
Involvement of endothelium-derived relaxing factor in the pressure control of renin secretion from isolated perfused kidney
Creators: name: Scholz, H.
name: Kurtz, Armin
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Acetylcholine/pharmacology
subject: Angiotensin I/pharmacology
subject: Animals
subject: Arginine/pharmacology
subject: Atrial Natriuretic Factor/pharmacology
subject: Cyclic GMP/pharmacology
subject: Diuresis/drug effects
subject: Isoproterenol/pharmacology
subject: Kidney/physiology
subject: Male
subject: NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester
subject: Nitric Oxide/physiology
subject: Nitroarginine
subject: Nitroprusside/pharmacology
subject: Perfusion
subject: Pressure
subject: Rats
subject: Rats, Inbred Strains
subject: Renin/secretion
subject: omega-N-Methylarginine

description: Using isolated rat kidneys perfused at controlled pressure, we examined a potential role of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) in the pressure control of renin secretion. We found that stimulation of EDRF release by acetylcholine (1 mumol/liter) increased mean perfusate flow rates from 15.0 +/- 0.5 to 18.0 +/- 0.5 ml/min per g and average renin secretion rates from 3.5 +/- 0.5 to 16.0 +/- 2.0 ng angiotensin I/h per min per g at a perfusion pressure of 100 mmHg (mean +/- SEM, n = 6). Those effects of acetylcholine were significantly reduced during inhibition of EDRF formation with NG-nitro-L-arginine (100 mumol/liter), but they were not affected with the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin (10 mumol/liter). Lowering of the perfusion pressure from 100 mmHg to 40 mmHg resulted in an increase of average renin secretion rates from 3.5 +/- 0.5 to 79 +/- 12 ng AngI/h per min per g under control conditions (n = 8), and to 171 +/- 20 ng AngI/h per min per g in the presence of 10 mumol/liter acetylcholine (n = 3). The rise of renin secretion in response to a reduction of the renal artery pressure was markedly attenuated with inhibitors of EDRF formation such as NG-nitro-L-arginine (100 mumol/liter) and related compounds. During inhibition of EDRF formation, addition of sodium nitroprusside (10 mumol/liter) increased mean perfusate flow rates from 12.0 +/- 0.5 to 23.0 +/- 2.0 ml/min per g and average renin secretion rates from 2.0 +/- 0.5 to 18.0 +/- 1.5 ng AngI/h per min per g at 100 mmHg (n = 5). Lowering of the perfusion pressure from 100 mmHg to 40 mmHg under those conditions increased average renin secretion rates to 220 +/- 14 ng AngI/h per min per g (n = 5). Taken together, our findings suggest that EDRF and related activators of soluble guanylate cyclase stimulate renin secretion from isolated kidneys, predominantly at lower perfusion pressure. Moreover, pressure control of renin secretion appears to require the tonical stimulation by intrarenal EDRF.
A New Approach to Generalized Fractional Derivatives
Creators: name: Katugampola, Udita N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A33

description: The author \mbox{(Appl. Math. Comput. 218(3):860-865, 2011)} introduced a new fractional integral operator given by, \[ \big({}^ρ\mathcal{I}^α_{a+}f\big)(x) = \frac{ρ^{1- α}}{Γ(α)} \int^x_a \frac{τ^{ρ-1} f(τ) }{(x^ρ- τ^ρ)^{1-α}}\, dτ, \] which generalizes the well-known Riemann-Liouville and the Hadamard fractional integrals. In this paper we present a new fractional derivative which generalizes the familiar Riemann-Liouville and the Hadamard fractional derivatives to a single form. We also obtain two representations of the generalized derivative in question. An example is given to illustrate the results.
description: 12 Pages, 2 Figures
Insights into the Economy of Open Scholarship: A look into the Open Library of Humanities with Martin Paul Eve, Co-founder
Creators: name: Frank, Gwen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: open scholarship, open science, economic, open, interview, Open Library of Humanities, Knowledge Exchange, KE

description: Following the report Knowledge Exchange Approach to Open Scholarship and in line with the recommendations resulting from the workshop Moving from Ambition to Reality, two interconnected activities have been dedicated to the Economy of Open Scholarship, one conceptual, one practical.

The practical activity - Insights into the Economy of Open Scholarship: A Collection of Interviews - have collected examples which illustrate how pioneering initiatives set up and operate new or alternative business models in the area of Open Scholarship.

Interviews with a selection of initiatives have been conducted to build this collection to illustrate the successes and challenges within the economy of Open Scholarship. The purpose of this practical investigation is to inform and inspire a transition to Open Scholarship. Through a collection of interviews, including highlights and currents trends, the collection displays how pioneers and early adopters of openness pave the way for unhindered access to research outputs in relation to research community needs and practices.

The following interviews were published in March 2019:

	A look into the Open Library of Humanities with Martin Paul Eve, Co-founder: DOI 10.5281/zenodo.2586862
	A look into HRČAK with Jadranka Stojanovski, University of Zadar/Ruđer Bošković Institute, HRČAK Advisory Board. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.2586868
	A look into ASAPbio with Jessica Polka, Executive director. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.2586887

The full collection of interviews will be published in summer 2019. Full details are available on the Knowledge Exchange website: www.knowledge-exchange.info/event/insights-into-open-scholarship