cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ultra-short pulses in linear and nonlinear media
Creators: name: Chung, Y.
name: Jones, C. K. R. T.
name: Schaefer, T.
name: Wayne, C. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the evolution of ultra-short optical pulses in linear and nonlinear media. For the linear case, we first show that the initial-boundary value problem for Maxwell's equations in which a pulse is injected into a quiescent medium at the left endpoint can be approximated by a linear wave equation which can then be further reduced to the linear short-pulse equation. A rigorous proof is given that the solution of the short pulse equation stays close to the solutions of the original wave equation over the time scales expected from the multiple scales derivation of the short pulse equation. For the nonlinear case we compare the predictions of the traditional nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) approximation which those of the short pulse equation (SPE). We show that both equations can be derived from Maxwell's equations using the renormalization group method, thus bringing out the contrasting scales. The numerical comparison of both equations to Maxwell's equations shows clearly that as the pulse length shortens, the NLSE approximation becomes steadily less accurate while the short pulse equation provides a better and better approximation.
DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT OF PHARMACOKINETICS SIMULATION TO PREDICT CHRONOKINETICS PROFILE OF DIGOXIN ON MULTIPLE DOSAGE REGIMEN
Creators: name: Jaya, Made Krisna Adi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111502 Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background: Pharmacokinetic simulation is a method that can be used to estimate the concentration profile of drugs in blood, especially in determiningthe level of drug safety. One of the phenomena related to drug safety is chronopharmacokinetic. Chronopharmacokinetic can cause deviations in drugkinetics profiles due to biological rhythms. This is important to note especially in narrow therapeutic index drugs such as digoxin, because suddenchanges in drug kinetics are very susceptible to toxic effects. Strengthening the concept of this phenomenon is needed through the development of asimulation model of chronopharmacokinetic digoxin in multiple-doses. Methods: A pre-experimental study of a one shot case study approach wascarried out. The case’s data were then be remodeled, re-simulated, and re-analyzed in accordance with the concept of simulation development. Result:The digoxin pharmacokinetics equation on average at 07.00 AM is PC = 1.667 e-0.418.t + 0.986 e-0.022.t – 0.860 e-1.519.t and at 04.00 PM is PC = 1.438 e-0.562.t + 1.354 e-0.020.t – 1.066 e-1.098.t. The results of statistical tests of digoxin kinetic parameters showed, volume distribution (VD) was significantlyhigher in the morning compared to the afternoon. Absorption rate, elimination, drug clearance, digoxin at 07.00 AM have a higher tendency than at04.00 PM, while the half-life of elimination, AUC, steady-state plasma concentrations tend to be lower at 07.00 AM compared to 04.00 PM. Conclusion:Modeling the deviation of the drug kinetics profile was successfully developed. The Chronopharmacokinetic phenomenon needs to be watched outespecially on drugs with a narrow therapeutic index.
Transitional Economies and Economic Globalization: Social and Environmental Consequences
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Economic globalization
subject: Kuznets curve
subject: economic growth

description: As former communist countries have proceeded with market reforms, they have become more enmeshed in the international economy and their involvement in economic globalisation continues to grow. While economic theory suggests that this should bring several economic advantages to transitional economies (such as greater diversity of choice of commodities, lower costs as a result of greater economic specialisation, enhanced economic growth as a result of liberalization of capital and technology transfers), the social and environmental consequences of globalisation have in many cases not been favourable so far. Unemployment is emerging as a major problem in some transitional economies, social safety nets (especially for women, children and the elderly) have been breached, and basic needs are no longer being met across the board as in communist days. In most cases, inequality of income has increased and a bimodal distribution may be emerging in many other economies. Those on the low welfare- (income-) side of the bimodal distribution are casual workers, those in the informal sector, the unemployed and the handicapped, including the elderly. Those on the right-hand bulge of the income distribution curve seem to be the permanently employed (a declining proportion of population) and rich entrepreneurs and capitalists The paper suggests that structural adjustment policies may be altering the shape of the Kuznets curve of income distribution form an inverted-U to a bimodal form in both capitalist and former communist-counties. Transitional processes have failed to overcome many of the environmental problems experienced by former communist countries. This is particularly so in transitional economies which have experienced negative economic growth, such as Russia. It is partly a consequence of lack of investment in capital stock. Lack of economic growth makes it difficult to implement environmental reforms and maintain social services. It is also noted that economic globalisation in terms of trade and capital inflows (including aid) makes transitional economies more dependent on the rest of the world. They can therefore be more easily subjected to external strategic economic bargaining or threats.
Tentative detection of warm intervening gas towards PKS 0548-322 with XMM-Newton
Creators: name: Barcons, X.
name: Paerels, F. B. S.
name: Carrera, F. J.
name: Ceballos, M. T.
name: Sako, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a long (~93 ksec) XMM-Newton observation of the bright BL-Lac object PKS 0548-322 (z=0.069). Our Reflection Grating Spectrometer (RGS) spectrum shows a single absorption feature at an observed wavelength lambda=23.33 A, which we interpret as OVI Ka absorption at z=0.058, i.e., ~3000 km/s from the background object. The observed equivalent width of the absorption line ~30 mA, coupled with the lack of the corresponding absorption edge in the EPIC pn data, implies an OVI column density ~ 2 10^{16} cm-2 and turbulence with a Doppler velocity parameter b>100 km/s. Within the limitations of our RGS spectrum, no OVII or OV Ka absorption are detected. Under the assumption of ionisation equilibrium by both collisions and the extragalactic background, this is only marginally consistent if the gas temperature is ~250,000 K, with significantly lower or higher values being excluded by our limits on OV or OVII. If confirmed, this would be the first X-ray detection of a large amount of intervening warm absorbing gas through OVI absorption. The existence of such a high column density absorber, much stronger than any previously detected one in OVI, would place stringent constraints on the large-scale distribution of baryonic gas in the Universe.
description: 9 pages, 10 ps figures, accepted by MNRAS
Le management du risque à l'ère de l'émergence de l'intelligence artificielle
Creators: name: ACHIR, Chaimaa
name: DOUARI, Aziz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Gestion des risques ; Processus ; Organisations ; Big Data ; Intelligence artificielle.

description: La transformation digitale et l'intelligence artificielle ont grandement bouleversé le paysage des affaires au 21e siècle, créant de nouvelles opportunités pour les organisations. Ces avancées, conjuguées avec la montée en puissance de l’IA, ont touché les processus opérationnels et décisionnels, ainsi que les méthodes de gestion des risques au sein des entreprises.

En effet, et dans un monde où l'incertitude est devenue la règle, la gestion des risques revêt une importance capitale pour la pérennité de l’activité, la protection des actifs, la prise de décision perspicace, et l’atteinte des objectifs stratégiques. Dans ce contexte, notre objectif dans cette recherche est d’étudier cette convergence technologique sur le processus de la gestion des risques au sein des organisations.

Cette exploration des liens entre l’IA et la gestion des risques vise à présenter des aspects inhérents aux professionnels et aux chercheurs souhaitant capitaliser sur ce progrès technologique à dessein d’améliorer le processus de la gestion des risques.
Integrating economic values and catchment modelling
Creators: name: Kragt, Marit Ellen
name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
name: Kragt, Marit Ellen
name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Integrated catchment modelling
subject: Bayesian networks
subject: Uncertainty
subject: Environmental values
subject: Non-market valuation
subject: Choice Modelling.

description: Integrated catchment policies are widely used to manage natural resources in Australian catchments. Decision support tools available to aid integrated catchment management are often limited in their integration of environmental processes with socio-economic systems. Fully integrated models are required to support assessments of the environmental and economic trade-offs of catchment management changes. A Bayesian Network (BN) model is demonstrated to provide a suitable approach to integrate environmental modelling with economic valuation. The model incorporates hydrological, ecological and economic models for the George catchment in Tasmania. Information about the non-market costs and benefits of environmental changes is elicited using Choice Experiments, allowing an assessment of the efficiency of alternative management scenarios.
Expert spindle design system
Creators: name: Maeda, Osamu
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Machine tool spindle is the most important mechanical component in removing metal during machining operations. The structural dynamics of the spindle are evaluated at the tool tip since it directly affects the material removal rate. Flexible spindles lead to unstable chatter vibrations, which can be avoided only by reducing the material removal rate. In addition, the spindle motor must have sufficient torque and power to overcome the cutting resistance of work materials to be machined. The spindles are currently designed based on accumulated experience, basic laws of machine design, and metal cutting mechanics. This thesis presents an expert spindle design system strategy which is based on the efficient utilization of past design experience, the laws of machine design and metal cutting dynamics. The configuration of the spindle is decided by identifying the work material, desired cutting conditions and most common tools which will be used on the machine tool. The spindle drive mechanism, drive motor, bearing types, and spindle shaft dimensions are selected based on the target application. The thesis provides a set of fuzzy design rules which lead to interactive and automatic design of spindle drive configurations. The structural dynamics of the spindle are automatically optimized by distributing the bearings along the spindle shaft. The proposed strategy is to iteratively predict the Frequency Response Function (FRF) of the spindle at the tool tip using the Finite Element Method (FEM) based on Timoshenko Beam elements. Predicted FRF of the spindle is integrated to the chatter vibration stability law which indicates whether the design would lead to chatter vibration free cutting operation at the desired speed and depth of cut. The bearing spacings are iteratively optimized without violating the design constraints of the spindle. The proposed expert system design is demonstrated by automatically designing several spindles which are found on industrial machine tools.
Color Superconductivity from Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Maru, Nobuhito
name: Tachibana, Motoi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A supersymmetric composite model of color superconductivity is proposed. Quarks and diquarks are dynamically generated as composite fields by a newly introduced strong gauge dynamics. It is shown that the condensation of the scalar component of the diquark supermultiplet occurs when the chemical potential becomes larger than some critical value. We believe that the model well captures aspects of the diquark condensate behavior and helps our understanding of the diquark dynamics in real QCD. The results obtained here might be useful when we consider a theory composed of quarks and diquarks.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, An error in Eq.(10) corrected
Quantum Effective Action in Spacetimes with Branes and Boundaries
Creators: name: Barvinsky, A. O.
name: Nesterov, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct quantum effective action in spacetime with branes/boundaries. This construction is based on the reduction of the underlying Neumann type boundary value problem for the propagator of the theory to that of the much more manageable Dirichlet problem. In its turn, this reduction follows from the recently suggested Neumann-Dirichlet duality which we extend beyond the tree level approximation. In the one-loop approximation this duality suggests that the functional determinant of the differential operator subject to Neumann boundary conditions in the bulk factorizes into the product of its Dirichlet counterpart and the functional determinant of a special operator on the brane -- the inverse of the brane-to-brane propagator. As a byproduct of this relation we suggest a new method for surface terms of the heat kernel expansion. This method allows one to circumvent well-known difficulties in heat kernel theory on manifolds with boundaries for a wide class of generalized Neumann boundary conditions. In particular, we easily recover several lowest order surface terms in the case of Robin and oblique boundary conditions. We briefly discuss multi-loop applications of the suggested Dirichlet reduction and the prospects of constructing the universal background field method for systems with branes/boundaries, analogous to the Schwinger-DeWitt technique.
description: LaTeX, 25 pages, final version, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Resolving conflicts over transboundary watercourses: an Indian perspective
Creators: name: Singh, A.
name: Gosain, Ashvin K.
name: Singh, A.
name: Gosain, Ashvin K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Over 85% of the Indian territory lies within its major and medium interstate rivers. Known worldwide as a ‘federation sui generis’, India has the unique distinction of having a federal form of government with a strong unitary bias. This study analyses the sufficiency of the Indian Constitutional provisions and the parliamentary legislations in providing a comprehensive and lasting solution to the problems of interstate rivers in India. The basic philosophies behind the international water sharing laws have been analysed with a view to resolving the interstate water disputes in India. The Constitutional provisions relating to the Centre-state relations are discussed with special emphasis on the provisions relating to the water disputes. The relevant parliamentary legislations have been critically examined. Finally, an action plan has been suggested to resolve the conflicts pertaining to the interstate rivers in India.
Strain localization and failure of disordered particle rafts with tunable ductility during tensile deformation
Creators: name: Xiao, Hongyi
name: Ivancic, Robert JS
name: Durian, Douglas J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasi-static tensile experiments were performed for a model disordered solid consisting of a two-dimensional raft of polydisperse floating granular particles with capillary attractions. The ductility is tuned by controlling the capillary interaction range, which varies with the particle size. During the tensile tests, after an initial period of elastic deformation, strain localization occurs and leads to the formation of a shear band at which the pillar later fails. In this process, small particles with long-ranged interactions can endure large plastic deformations without forming significant voids, while large particles with short-range interactions fail dramatically by fracturing at small deformation. Particle-level structure was measured, and the strain-localized region was found to have higher structural anisotropy than the bulk. Local interactions between anisotropic sites and particle rearrangements were the main mechanisms driving strain localization and the subsequent failure, and significant differences of such interactions exist between ductile and brittle behaviors.
THE ROLE OF PHARMACISTS MEDICATION THERAPY REVIEW ON IMPROVING THERAPEUTIC EFFECTIVENESS, QUALITY OF LIFE, AND DRUG RELATED PROBLEMS IN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS : A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Creators: name: Jaya, Made Krisna Adi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111503 Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the metabolic disease that requires long term and continuous control of the medical staff. In 2015, there were 415 million people with DM in the world that predicted to increase to 642 million in 2040. So that the disease became important to focus as a world health problem. Pharmacists have a role to be involved in the management of blood glucose in patients by doing medication therapy review (MTR) before pharmaceutical care intervention. Not all pharmacists do MTR before doing pharmaceutical care, because there is no exact data on how well the MTR can affect the effectiveness of DM therapy. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate how far MTR can improve the changes in treatment outcomes, quality of life (QoL), and drug related problems (DRP) in patients with type 2 DM through a systematic review. Methods: Research articles that related to pharmacist's MTR were collected from 2006-2014. Google Scholar and two electronic databases i.e. PUBMED and Science Direct were used. After the articles were collected, the next step was the selection of eligible manuscripts, data extraction and synthesis. Result: Eleven articles were included, involving 1738 patients. MTR carried out by pharmacists, can significantly improve treatment outcomes, QoL, and DRP (p< 0.05). MTR was found reduce 30-40% of potential DRP. Conclusion: MTR is one effort that can be done by a pharmacist to accelerate the achievement of therapeutic goals, improve the QoL, and reduce the rate of DRP in DM patients.
EFFECTIVITY COMPARISON OF AMITRIPTYLINE VERSUS GABAPENTIN AS NEUROPHATIC PAIN THERAPY IN ELDERLY WITH TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS
Creators: name: Jaya, Made Krisna Adi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111503 Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Amitriptyline was found relatively better in reducing diabeticneuropathic pain intensity compared to Gabapentin.
Semiclassical degeneracies and ordering for highly frustrated magnets in a field
Creators: name: Hassan, S. R.
name: Moessner, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss ground state selection by quantum fluctuations in frustrated magnets in a strong magnetic field. We show that there exist dynamical symmetries -- one a generalisation of Henley's gauge-like symmetry for collinear spins, the other the quantum relict of non-collinear weathervane modes -- which ensure a partial survival of the classical degeneracies. We illustrate these for the case of the kagome magnet, where we find zero-point energy differences to be rather small everywhere except near the collinear `up-up-down` configurations, where there is rotational but not translational symmetry breaking. In the effective Hamiltonian, we demonstrate the presence of a term sensitive to a topological `flux'. We discuss the connection of such problems to gauge theories by casting the frustrated lattices as medial lattices of appropriately chosen simplex lattices, and in particular we show how the magnetic field can be used to tune the physical sector of the resulting gauge theories.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
EFFECTIVITY ANALYSIS OF NEUROPROTECTOR (VITAMIN B COMPLEX AND MECOBALAMIN) AS NEUROPATHIC PAIN SUPPORTIVE THERAPY IN ELDERLY WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Creators: name: Jaya, Made Krisna Adi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111503 Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Objective: Neuroprotector (Vitamin B complex or mecobalamin)is often used as a supportive neuropathic pain therapy. The effectiveness of this drugremains controversial, especially in geriatrics with Type 2 diabetic neuropathy pains. The aim of this study was to compare the diabetes neuropathicpain reduction in elderly with and without neuroprotective supplementation.Method: The study was conducted by prospective cohort design. 132 agings were observed during 4 weeks at Neurology Polyclinic, Sanglah PublicHospital, Denpasar, Bali-Indonesia. Individuals undergoing the first-line neuropathic pain therapy who received neuroprotector supplementationwere included in the exposure group (66 individuals), while those not receiving neuroprotective supplementations were included in the nonexposuregroup (66 individuals). The pain scores were measured by numeric rating scales instruments. The measured outcome was a decrease in diabeticneuropathic pain scores.Result: Both groups showed reduce on pain scores statistically different compared to baseline pain score (p<0.05). The comparison head-to-head onneuroprotector supplementation group showed significantly greater to reduce the pain score compared to nonexposure group (p<0.05). The relativerisk of pain score reduction more than 2 units was 1.37 (confidence interval [CI]95%: 1.05-1.80)and the number need to treat was 5 (CI 95%: 3-28)compared to nonexposure group.Conclusion: Individuals who are undergoing the first-line neuropathic pain therapy and getting Vitamin B complex or mecobalamin supplementationhad decreased pain intensity better than without supplementation therapy.
A escola vai a Mostra de Astronomia do ES: dialogos entre a educacao formal, nao formal e informal para o desenvolvimento da cultura cientifica
Creators: name: Oliveira, Lucia Helena Horta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article is derived from the development of educational activities in astronomy, with a view to encouraging the training of future researchers. The goal is to present how the participation of students from EEEM Dr.Silva Mello took place in the Mostra de Astronomia do ES (MAES), and how that promoted their involvement and participation in the three types of education, formal, informal and non-formal, highlighting the articulation between them. In order to train citizens with interests for development of scientific research on astronomical themes, developing a taste for the search for knowledge and to motivate this action, we form groups to present works at MAES, used as a non-formal education space . The event included the presentation of works, lectures and prizes. As a result, one of the works presented by the students was awarded. Informal education has gained special relevance, when students discussed science, bringing it to their daily lives
description: 6 pg, in Portuguese
MEDICINE REMINDER TO IMPROVE TREATMENT COMPLIANCE ON GERIATRIC PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC NEUROPATHY AT SANGLAH CENTRAL HOSPITAL, BALI-INDONESIA
Creators: name: Jaya, Made Krisna Adi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111503 Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background: Geriatric patients are elderly patients who have memory impairment problems, which may have an impact on medication adherence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of medicine reminder on the smartphone to increase the adherence of geriatric patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Method: This study used the Randomized Control Trial (RCT) method, where the subjects were divided into 2 groups: geriatric patients who were performing diabetic neuropathic pain therapy with the help of the Medicine Reminder (Group of Intervention) and without the aid of Medicine Reminder (Usual Care) Which are randomized using odd-even techniques. Patient therapy compliance is assessed by pill count.Results: Subjects who received medicine reminder intervention had significantly greater adherence than the control group (p <0.05). The RR value obtained is 2.38 with CI95% at intervals of 1.58-3.61.Conclusions: The medicine reminder application can improve geriatric patient therapy adherence with significant diabetic neuropathic pain.
ZTF20aajnksq (AT2020blt): A Fast Optical Transient at $z \approx 2.9$ With No Detected Gamma-Ray Burst Counterpart
Creators: name: Ho, Anna Y. Q.
name: Perley, Daniel A.
name: Beniamini, Paz
name: Cenko, S. Bradley
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Andreoni, Igor
name: Singer, Leo P.
name: De, Kishalay
name: Kasliwal, Mansi M.
name: Fremling, Christoffer
name: Bellm, Eric C.
name: Dekany, Richard
name: Delacroix, Alexandre
name: Duev, Dmitry A.
name: Goldstein, Daniel A.
name: Golkhou, V. Zach
name: Goobar, Ariel
name: Graham, Matthew
name: Hale, David
name: Kupfer, Thomas
name: Laher, Russ R.
name: Masci, Frank J.
name: Miller, A. A.
name: Neill, James D.
name: Riddle, Reed
name: Rusholme, Ben
name: Shupe, David L.
name: Smith, Roger
name: Sollerman, Jesper
name: van Roestel, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ZTF20aajnksq (AT2020blt), a fast-fading ($Δr=2.4$ mag in $Δt=1.3$ days) red ($g-r\approx0.6$ mag) and luminous ($M_{1626}=-25.9$) optical transient at $z=2.9$ discovered by the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). AT2020blt shares several features in common with afterglows to long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs): (1) an optical light curve well-described by a broken power-law with a break at $t_\mathrm{j}=1$ day (observer-frame); (2) a luminous $(L_X = 10^{46}$ $\mathrm{erg}$ $\mathrm{s}^{-1})$ X-ray counterpart; and (3) luminous ($L_ν= 4 \times 10^{31}$ $\mathrm{erg}$ $\mathrm{sec}^{-1}$ $\mathrm{Hz}^{-1}$ at 10 GHz) radio emission. However, no GRB was detected in the 0.74d between the last ZTF non-detection ($r > 20.64$) and the first ZTF detection ($r = 19.57$), with an upper limit on the isotropic-equivalent gamma-ray energy release of $E_{γ,\mathrm{iso}} < 7 \times 10^{52}$ erg. AT2020blt is thus the third afterglow-like transient discovered without a detected GRB counterpart (after PTF11agg and ZTF19abvizsw) and the second (after ZTF19abvizsw) with a redshift measurement. We conclude that the properties of AT2020blt are consistent with a classical (initial Lorentz factor $Γ_0 \gtrsim 100$) on-axis GRB that was missed by high-energy satellites. Furthermore, by estimating the rate of transients with light curves similar to that of AT2020blt in ZTF high-cadence data, we agree with previous results that there is no evidence for an afterglow-like phenomenon that is significantly more common than classical GRBs. We conclude by discussing the status and future of fast-transient searches in wide-field high-cadence optical surveys.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Version accepted by ApJ on 17 Oct 2020
Optical phase conjugation in backward Raman amplification
Creators: name: Jia, Qing
name: Qu, Kenan
name: Fisch, Nathaniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compression of an intense laser pulse using backward Raman amplification (BRA) in plasma, followed by vacuum focusing to a small spot size, can produce unprecedented ultrarelativistic laser intensities. The plasma density inhomogeneity during BRA, however, causes laser phase and amplitude distortions, limiting the pulse focusability. To solve the issue of distortion, we investigate the use of optical phase conjugation as the seed pulse for BRA. We show that the phase conjugated laser pulses can retain focusability in the nonlinear pump-depletion regime of BRA, but not so easily in the linear amplification regime. This somewhat counter-intuitive result is because the nonlinear pump-depletion regime features a shorter amplification distance, and hence less phase distortion due to wave-wave interaction, than the linear amplification regime.
Additional file 1 of Spatio-temporal distribution of COVID-19 cases and tuberculosis in four provinces of Sumatra Islands, Indonesia
Creators: name: Saputra, Arif
name: Wichaidit, Wit
name: Kesuma, Zurnila Marli
name: Chongsuvivatwong, Virasakdi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Electronic and magnetic properties of stoichiometric CeAuBi$_{2}$
Creators: name: Piva, M. M.
name: Tartaglia, R.
name: Freitas, G. S.
name: Souza, J. C.
name: Christovam, D. S.
name: Thomas, S. M.
name: Leão, J. B.
name: Ratcliff, W.
name: Lynn, J. W.
name: Lane, C.
name: Zhu, J. -X.
name: Thompson, J. D.
name: Rosa, P. F. S.
name: Adriano, C.
name: Granado, E.
name: Pagliuso, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the electronic and magnetic properties of stoichiometric CeAuBi$_{2}$ single crystals. At ambient pressure, CeAuBi$_{2}$ orders antiferromagnetically below a Néel temperature ($T_{N}$) of 19 K. Neutron diffraction experiments revealed an antiferromagnetic propagation vector $\hatτ = [0, 0, 1/2]$, which doubles the paramagnetic unit cell along the $c$-axis. At low temperatures several metamagnetic transitions are induced by the application of fields parallel to the $c$-axis, suggesting that the magnetic structure of CeAuBi$_{2}$ changes as a function of field. At low temperatures, a linear positive magnetoresistance may indicate the presence of band crossings near the Fermi level. Finally, the application of external pressure favors the antiferromagnetic state, indicating that the 4$f$ electrons become more localized.
Submillimeter Array Observations of Disks in the SR 24 Multiple Star System
Creators: name: Andrews, Sean M.
name: Williams, Jonathan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-resolution aperture synthesis images from the Submillimeter Array of the 225 GHz (1.3 mm) continuum and CO J=2-1 line emission from the disks around components of the hierarchical triple system SR 24, located in the Ophiuchus star-forming region. The most widely separated component, SR 24 S (with a projected semimajor axis of 832 AU), has a circumstellar disk with properties typical of those around single T Tauri stars. The binary SR 24 N (with a projected semimajor axis of 32 AU) is undetected in the continuum, but has strong, resolved CO emission which likely originates in a circumbinary disk with a central gap. The data constrain the total disk mass in the SR 24 N system to be < 10^-3 M_sun and indicate that the depletion of CO onto dust grains is not more than 100 times larger than the mean value in the interstellar medium. The SR 24 N disk is unusual in that it is only detected in line emission. It is possible that other low mass disks around binaries and single stars may have been missed in single-dish continuum surveys.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, to appear in ApJ Letters
Moving from piecemeal accounting to a pragmatic economic approach to water pricing in Australia
Creators: name: MacDonald, Darla Hatton
name: Lamontagne, Sebastien
name: MacDonald, Darla Hatton
name: Lamontagne, Sebastien
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: It is often said that water is under-priced and that if the full cost of water were charged, water use would be more sustainable. Moving from a statement to actual practice requires a shift in thinking about the fundamental economics. Australia has embarked on a process of economic reform and part of the reform package in the water sector has required States within Australia to report on progress towards full cost pricing, including the set of costs and, in some circumstances, benefits, through changes to the environment. Economists refer to these costs and benefits as externalities. Identifying the potential set of externalities is context-specific and requires a multidisciplinary approach. In this paper the environmental externalities related to water use are described for the River Murray, the largest river in Australia. A pragmatic approach, grounded in economic principles, is suggested to incorporate externality costs in the price of water.
Adelonycteris gaumeri Allen 1929, sp. nov
Creators: name: Allen, J. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1929
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Adelonycteris
Adelonycteris gaumeri

description: Adelonycteris gaumeri, sp. nov
. Above dark brown, with an olivaceous wash, the fur being uniform dark brown to the base tipped with a slight tinge of olivaceous, the extreme tip slightly grayish in certain lights; below much lighter, the fur being dark brown basally and broadly tipped with pale buffy gray; ears and membralnes black, naked, and with no trace of a whitish border. Ears of medium size, rather thin, evenly convex on the front border, slightly hollowed on the posterior bor- der below the rounded posteriorly directed tip; tragus long and rather narrow, pointed, equal to half the height of the ear. Face semi-nude, about as in A. fusca.
Measurements.-" Length, 95 mm. expanse, 286; wing, I24 tail, 4o";' ear, 21 tragus, iit fore arm, 39 thumb, 7 3d digit, 79=phal. i, 37, phal. ii, 24 phal. iii, ii, phal. iv, 7 tibia, 70 foot, S.
Skull.-Similar in a general way to that of A. fusca, but about one-half smaller. Middle inner upper incisors considerably worn, and the ridges for muscular attachment strongly developed, indicating an old individual. Greatest length (front base of incisors to end of crest), i8; mastoid breadth, 8.3 zygomatic breadth, io.I interorbital breadth, 4; lengthof molar-premolar series, 4.2 palatal length, 5.3.
Type, No., ♀ ad., Izamal, Yucatan; collected by Dr. George F.
Gaumer, for whom the species is named.
In coloration Adelonycteris gaumeli resembles examples of A. fusca in immature dark pelage, but it differs from this species in the thinness of the ears, and in the greater relative length of the narrower and more tapering tragus, and in its very much smaller size. In size it resembles both ' Vesperugo' propinquus Peters and V. (Marsipolemus) albigularis Peters, respectively from Guatemala and Mexico. The peculiar structure of the ears, to say nothing of the colorationi, in V. albzkularis, render comparison with this species unnecessary. V. propintquus is described as reddish above, paler and more reddish yellow below, and in this respect is widely different from A. gaumeri. It has also a longer thumb and foot than A. gaumeri.
I Collector's measurements front the fresh specimen the rest are from the dry skin.
The type and only specimen of this species has been kindly presented by Dr. Gaumer to this Museum, with other specimens of Yucatan mammals.
description: Published as part of Allen, J. A., 1929, Description of a new vespertilionine bat from Yucatan, pp. 231-232 in Bulltetin of the American Museum of Natural History 9 (19) on pages 231-232, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4268248
THE EFFECT OF DIACEREIN AND MELOXICAM COMBINATION VERSUS MELOXICAM ALONE ON PHYSICAL FUNCTION IN PATIENTS WITH KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS
Creators: name: Jaya, Made Krisna Adi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111503 Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Objective: More than 50% of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) had an inadequate pain relief in its management. Combination therapy could bethe solution to this problem. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of combination therapy of diacerein and meloxicam with meloxicamalone in the patient with knee OA.Methods: A total of 64 knee OA patients were recruited from Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Dr. Mohammad Soewandhie Surabaya. They were allocatedto combination group and single therapy group using randomized controlled trial design. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities ArthritisIndex (WOMAC) physical function questionnaire were assessed in weeks 0–4th. The difference between pre- and post-treatment score and area underthe curve (AUC) of WOMAC score were calculated.Results: Combination therapy and single therapy had significant clinical effect with the downregulated score of WOMAC physical function after4th week (p<0.05). However, there were no differences in AUC of WOMAC physical function score between combination and single therapy.Conclusion: Patient with knee OA could gain beneficial efficacies from combination therapy of diacerein and meloxicam. Studies of longer follow-uptime to get the differences in AUC of WOMAC physical function score are needed.
Spectroscopic properties of a two-level atom interacting with a complex spherical nanoshell
Creators: name: Moroz, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Frequency shifts, radiative decay rates, the Ohmic loss contribution to the nonradiative decay rates, fluorescence yields, and photobleaching of a two-level atom radiating anywhere inside or outside a complex spherical nanoshell, i.e. a stratified sphere consisting of alternating silica and gold concentric spherical shells, are studied. The changes in the spectroscopic properties of an atom interacting with complex nanoshells are significantly enhanced, often more than two orders of magnitude, compared to the same atom interacting with a homogeneous dielectric sphere. The detected fluorescence intensity can be enhanced by 5 or more orders of magnitude. The changes strongly depend on the nanoshell parameters and the atom position. When an atom approaches a metal shell, decay rates are strongly enhanced yet fluorescence exhibits a well-known quenching. Rather contra-intuitively, the Ohmic loss contribution to the nonradiative decay rates for an atomic dipole within the silica core of larger nanoshells may be decreasing when the silica core - inner gold shell interface is approached. The quasistatic result that the radial frequency shift in a close proximity of a spherical shell interface is approximately twice as large as the tangential frequency shift appears to apply also for complex nanoshells. Significantly modified spectroscopic properties (see computer program (pending publication of this manuscript) freely available at http://www.wave-scattering.com) can be observed in a broad band comprising all (nonresonant) optical and near-infrared wavelengths.
description: 20 pages plus 63 references and 11 figures, plain LaTex, for more information see http://www.wave-scattering.com (color of D sphere in figures 2-6 altered, minor typos corrected.)
Diverse Context for Learning Word Representations
Creators: name: Faruqui, Manaal
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences

description: Word representations are mathematical objects that capture a word’s meaning and its grammatical properties in a way that can be read and understood by computers. Word representations map words into equivalence classes such that words that share similar properties to each other are part of the same equivalence class. Word representations are either constructed man ually by humans (in the form of word lexicons, dictionaries etc.) or obtained automatically using unsupervised learning algorithms. Since, manual construction of word representations is unscalable, and expensive, obtaining them automatically is desirable. Traditionally, automatic learning of word representations has relied on the distributional hypothesis, which states that the meaning of a word is evidenced by the words that occur in its context (Harris, 1954). Thus, existing word representation learning algorithms like latent semantic analysis (Deerwester et al., 1990; Landauer and Dumais, 1997), derive word meaning in terms of aggregated co-occurrence counts of words extracted from unlabeled monolingual corpora. In this thesis, we diversify the notion of context to include information beyond the mono lingual distributional context. We show that information about word meaning is present in other contexts like neighboring words in a semantic lexicon, context of the word across different languages, and the morphological structure of the word. We show that in addition to monolingual distributional context these sources provide complementary information about word meaning, which can substantially improve the quality of word representations. We present methods to augment existing models of word representations to incorporate these knowledge sources.
Machine learning the screening factor in the soft bond valence approach for rapid crystal structure estimation
Creators: name: Kameda, Keisuke
name: Ariga, Takaaki
name: Ito, Kazuma
name: Ihara, Manabu
name: Manzhos, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Development of new functional ceramics is important for several applications, including electrochemical batteries and fuel cells. Computational prescreening and selection of such materials can help discover novel materials but is challenging due to the high cost of electronic structure calculations which would be needed to compute the structures and properties of interest such as the material's stability and ion diffusion properties. The soft bond valence (SoftBV) approach is attractive for rapid prescreening among multiple compositions and structures, but the simplicity of the approximation can make the results inaccurate. We explore the possibility of enhancing the accuracy of the SoftBV approach when estimating crystal structures by adapting the parameters of the approximation to the chemical composition. Specifically, on the examples of perovskite- and spinel-type oxides that have been proposed as promising solid-state ionic conductors, the screening factor, an independent parameter of the SoftBV approximation, is modeled using linear and non-linear methods as a function of descriptors of chemical composition. We find that making the screening factor a function of composition can noticeably improve the ability of SoftBV to correctly model structures, in particular new, putative crystal structures whose structural parameters are yet unknown. We also analyze the relative importance of nonlinearity and coupling in improving the model and find that while the quality of the model is improved by including nonlinearity, coupling is relatively unimportant. While using a neural network showed no improvement over linear regression, the recently proposed GPR-NN method that is a hybrid between a single hidden layer neural network and kernel regression showed substantial improvement, enabling the prediction of structural parameters of new ceramics with accuracy on the order of 1%.
A GIS-based inventory of sediment pollution for watershed restoration planning
Creators: name: Logan, Joanne
name: Walker, Forbes R.
name: Jolly, Brooke A.
name: Foster, Tiffany
name: Logan, Joanne
name: Walker, Forbes R.
name: Jolly, Brooke A.
name: Foster, Tiffany
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Under the Clean Water Act, U.S. states are required to establish water quality standards, list impaired waterbodies and create Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDL) for impaired waters. Sediment contributes greatly to the water impairment in Tennessee, with agriculture often cited as the primary source. The watershed (catchment) in our study, Pond Creek, is listed as impaired for sediment and will require a TMDL and watershed restoration plan in the near future. The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) has developed an Integrated Pollutant Source Identification tool, consisting of aerial photographs, GIS database, and set of analysis spreadsheets to help plan watershed restoration efforts. We used this tool to assess sediment delivery from pastures, soil loss from eroding streambanks and riparian buffer condition in Pond Creek Watershed. We found that the user-friendly IPSI tool provides excellent maps and tables that can be used to educate farmers and other interested citizens, and to identify key restoration efforts.
Land-use impacts on river water quality in lowveld sand river systems in south-east Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Tafangenyasha, Clifford
name: Dzinomwa, Tariro
name: Tafangenyasha, Clifford
name: Dzinomwa, Tariro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: We examined spatial patterns of physico-chemico characteristics and nutrients of freshwater lotic systems in impaired waters in sand river systems in a semi-arid tropical lowveld region of south-east Zimbabwe, from August 2003 to April 2004. These changes were viewed in the context effluent discharge and land use. The high concentrations of dissolved compounds in the Runde River shows that the chemical composition of this river water is determined largely by the inflowing waters from surrounding irrigated lands. The elevated levels in nutrients recorded along the Runde River suggest that agricultural activities are a key determinant of ecosystem structure and function, especially of algal and invertebrate biomass and productivity in the south-east river systems. This study also shows that nutrient eutrophication of lotic systems may have indirect beneficial impacts on the fish population through increased fish food supply. Lotic ecosystems should be viewed as being influenced profoundly by agricultural activities.
Evaluation of AI-Powered Spelling and Grammar Correction Tools: A Comparative Study
Creators: name: Dharun Kumar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Text Analysis
Language Tools
Spelling Correction
Grammar Checking
Natural Language Processing
Artificial Intelligence

description: This paper presents the development and evaluation of a lightweight spelling and grammar checking tool built using Natural Language Processing techniques. Designed with a focus on simplicity and real-time feedback, the tool assists users in identifying and correcting common writing errors. It leverages pre-trained language models and rule-based systems to achieve reliable accuracy across a variety of sentence structures. This project reflects a practical application of AI in improving written communication and demonstrates potential for further integration into educational and writing platforms.