cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Low radiative efficiency accretion at work in active galactic nuclei: the nuclear spectral energy distribution of NGC4565
Creators: name: Chiaberge, M.
name: Gilli, R.
name: Macchetto, F. D.
name: Sparks, W. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the nucleus of the Seyfert galaxy NGC4565. Despite its classification as a Seyfert2, the nuclear source is substantially unabsorbed. The absorption we find from Chandra data (N_H=2.5 X 10^21 cm^-2) is consistent with that produced by material in the galactic disk of the host galaxy. HST images show a nuclear unresolved source in all of the available observations, from the near-IR H band to the optical U band. The SED is completely different from that of Seyfert galaxies and QSO, as it appears basically ``flat'' in the IR-optical region, with a small drop-off in the U-band. The location of the object in diagnostic planes for low luminosity AGNs excludes a jet origin for the optical nucleus, and its extremely low Eddington ratio L_o/L_Edd indicates that the radiation we observe is most likely produced in a radiatively inefficient accretion flow (RIAF). This would make NGC4565 the first AGN in which an ADAF-like process is identified in the optical. We find that the relatively high [OIII] flux observed from the ground cannot be all produced in the nucleus. Therefore, an extended NLR must exist in this object. This may be interpreted in the framework of two different scenarios: i) the radiation from ADAFs is sufficient to give rise to high ionization emission-line regions through photoionization, or ii) the nuclear source has recently ``turned-off'', switching from a high-efficiency accretion regime to the present low-efficiency state.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
The Effect of Identity Preserved Premiums on Elevator Grain Flows
Creators: name: Gloy, Angela
name: Dooley, Frank J.
name: Gloy, Angela
name: Dooley, Frank J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: The effect of identity preserved premiums on a grain elevator's received volumes is modeled using stochastic simulation across the harvest season. A feedback loop simulates competing elevators' bid prices and tracks producer delivery decisions using arbitrage criteria at competing market elevators. Results provide information about the sensitivity of distance thresholds in producer delivery decisions given IP premiums.
Long-term Scintillation Observations of Five Pulsars at 1540 MHz
Creators: name: Wang, N.
name: Manchester, R. N.
name: Johnston, S.
name: Rickett, B.
name: Zhang, J.
name: Yusup, A.
name: Chen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From 2001 January to 2002 June, we monitored PSRs B0329+54, B0823+26, B1929+10, B2020+28 and B2021+51 using the Nanshan 25-m radio telescope of Urumqi Observatory to study their diffractive interstellar scintillation (DISS). The average interval between observations was about 9 days and the observation duration ranged between 2 and 6 hours depending on the pulsar. Wide variations in the DISS parameters were observed over the 18-month data span. Despite this, the average scintillation velocities are in excellent agreement with the proper motion velocities. The average two-dimensional autocorrelation function for PSR B0329+54 is well described by a thin-screen Kolmogorov model, at least along the time and frequency axes. Observed modulation indices for the DISS time scale and bandwidth and the pulsar flux density are greater than values predicted for a Kolmogorov spectrum of electron density fluctuations. Correlated variations over times long compared to the nominal refractive scintillation time are observed, suggesting that larger-scale density fluctuations are important. For these pulsars, the scintillation bandwidth as a function of frequency has a power-law index (~3.6) much less than expected for Kolmogorov turbulence (~4.4). Sloping fringes are commonly observed in the dynamic spectra, especially for PSR B0329+54. The detected range of fringe slopes are limited by our observing resolution. Our observations are sensitive to larger-scale fringes and hence smaller refractive angles, corresponding to the central part of the scattering disk.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, accepted by MNRAS
MARKETABLE PERMIT DESIGNS FOR THE METHYL BROMIDE CRITICAL USE EXEMPTION REQUEST IN THE UNITED STATES
Creators: name: Kim, Hong Jin
name: Faulkner, John
name: Widawsky, David
name: Kim, Hong Jin
name: Faulkner, John
name: Widawsky, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Land Economics/Use

description: This paper analyzes potential cost savings to the U.S. agricultural sector associated with applying marketable permit designs for methyl bromide critical use exemptions (CUE), under the phase-out of methyl bromide. A necessary condition for an efficient trading system is heterogeneity among methyl bromide users with respect to the costs of switching to potential alternative pest control measures, which would lead to cost savings from trading. Using data on these costs from current methyl bromide users, the authors show that this necessary condition appears to be met, and characterize the potential cost savings that could occur if critical use permits can be traded from methyl bromide users with lower costs to those with higher costs. Several potential mechanisms for implementing these trades are considered, and differ in the extent to which permit for use may be traded within a commodity-use, or traded among methyl bromide users producing different commodities. The total incremental costs of the simulated trading system were higher when permits are traded only among methyl bromide users within a commodity sector, while the costs were lowest when the methyl bromide users are allowed to freely trade their permits across sectors.
Dynamic Interleaving of Content and Structure for Robust Indexing of Semi-Structured Hierarchical Data (Extended Version)
Creators: name: Wellenzohn, Kevin
name: Böhlen, Michael H.
name: Helmer, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a robust index for semi-structured hierarchical data that supports content-and-structure (CAS) queries specified by path and value predicates. At the heart of our approach is a novel dynamic interleaving scheme that merges the path and value dimensions of composite keys in a balanced way. We store these keys in our trie-based Robust Content-And-Structure index, which efficiently supports a wide range of CAS queries, including queries with wildcards and descendant axes. Additionally, we show important properties of our scheme, such as robustness against varying selectivities, and demonstrate improvements of up to two orders of magnitude over existing approaches in our experimental evaluation.
IC MAGE Model 02 – simple state-parameter dependent model with isotropic small strain stiffness
Creators: name: Taborda, David M G
name: Kontoe, Stavroula
name: Tsiampousi, Aikaterini
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Geotechnical Analysis
Finite Element Analysis
Constitutive Modelling
Geotechnical Engineering
Sand

description: IC MAGE M02 is a user-defined model for PLAXIS built using the IC MAGE UMIP framework which combines the state-parameter framework by Been & Jefferies (1985) with a Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion. The elastic response is given by the isotropic small strain stiffness model IC.G3S by Taborda et al. (2016). A reversal detection algorithm within a cyclic nonlinear elastic framework allows for the generation of hysteresis (and energy dissipation).
description: {"references": ["Been, K. and Jefferies, M.G. (1985) A state parameter for sands. Geotechnique, 35(2), 99-112. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1985.35.2.99", "Taborda, D.M.G., Potts, D.M. and Zdravkovi\u0107, L. (2016). On the assessment of energy dissipated through hysteresis in finite element analysis. Computers and Geotechnics, 71, 180\u2013194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2015.09.001", "Taborda, D.M.G., Potts, D.M., Zdravkovi\u0107, L. and Pedro, A.M.G. (2018) Incorporating the state parameter into a simple constitutive model for sand. Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429446931", "Taborda, D.M.G and Zdravkovi\u0107, L. (2012). Application of a Hill-Climbing technique to the formulation of a new cyclic nonlinear elastic constitutive model. Computers and Geotechnics, 43, 80-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2012.02.001", "Taborda, David M G, Kontoe, Stavroula, & Tsiampousi, Aikaterini. (2021, June 23). IC MAGE UMIP - universal model interface for PLAXIS (Version 2.0). Zenodo. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5018865"]}
NON-PRICE PROMOTION IMPACTS ON COTTON AND SOYBEANS EXPORTS UNDER EXCHANGE RATE LINKED SUBSIDIES
Creators: name: Paudel, Laxmi
name: Adhikari, Murali
name: Houston, Jack E.
name: Kinnucan, Henry W.
name: Paudel, Laxmi
name: Adhikari, Murali
name: Houston, Jack E.
name: Kinnucan, Henry W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: export promotion
subject: exchange rate linked subsidies
subject: gross gain
subject: and producer welfare

description: Issue of exchange rate-linked subsidies for non-price export promotion has recently emerged as an area of interest among marketing researchers because of fluctuating strength of US dollars and position of US agricultural goods in export markets. One solution to mitigate these impacts was to link the federal export promotion subsidies with the changing value of US dollars. In the study, an equilibrium displacement framework was developed to analyze the effectiveness of exchange rate-linked subsidies for non-price promotion by comparatively analyzing its effectiveness on US soybeans and cotton. The study result shows that an increase in promotion expenditure with an increase in the strength of US dollars and vice versa promotes the export of US cotton and soybeans in export markets and increases the efficiency of federal export promotion programs. Even though transportation cost elasticity was one of major focuses of this study, it emerged as an insignificant factor.
Network Inference from TraceRoute Measurements: Internet Topology `Species'
Creators: name: Viger, Fabien
name: Barrat, Alain
name: Dall'Asta, Luca
name: Zhang, Cun-Hui
name: Kolaczyk, Eric D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Internet mapping projects generally consist in sampling the network from a limited set of sources by using traceroute probes. This methodology, akin to the merging of spanning trees from the different sources to a set of destinations, leads necessarily to a partial, incomplete map of the Internet. Accordingly, determination of Internet topology characteristics from such sampled maps is in part a problem of statistical inference. Our contribution begins with the observation that the inference of many of the most basic topological quantities -- including network size and degree characteristics -- from traceroute measurements is in fact a version of the so-called `species problem' in statistics. This observation has important implications, since species problems are often quite challenging. We focus here on the most fundamental example of a traceroute internet species: the number of nodes in a network. Specifically, we characterize the difficulty of estimating this quantity through a set of analytical arguments, we use statistical subsampling principles to derive two proposed estimators, and we illustrate the performance of these estimators on networks with various topological characteristics.
Additional file 1 of Chronos: a cell population dynamics model of CRISPR experiments that improves inference of gene fitness effects
Creators: name: Dempster, Joshua M.
name: Boyle, Isabella
name: Vazquez, Francisca
name: Root, David E.
name: Boehm, Jesse S.
name: Hahn, William C.
name: Tsherniak, Aviad
name: McFarland, James M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary figures.
A possible assignment for the ground scalar meson nonet
Creators: name: Li, De-Min
name: Wei, Ke-Wei
name: Yu, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the main assumption that the $a_0(980)$ and $D^\ast_{sJ}(2317)$ belong to the $1 ^3P_0$ $q\bar{q}$ multiplet, in the framework of Regge phenomenology and meson-meson mixing, it is suggested that the $a_0(980)$, $K^\ast_0(1052)$, $f_0(1099)$ and $f_0(530)$ constitute the ground scalar meson nonet, and that the $f_0(1099)$ is composed mostly of $s\bar{s}$ while the $f_0(530)$ is mainly $u\bar{u}+d\bar{d}$. It is supposed that these states would likely correspond to the observed scalar states $a_0(980)$, $κ(900)$, $f_0(980)$ and $f_0(600)/σ$, respectively. The agreement between the present findings and those given by other different approaches is satisfactory.
description: 10 pages, to appear in Eur. Phys. J. A
The X-ray view of the Hyades cluster: updated
Creators: name: Freund, S.
name: Robrade, J.
name: Schneider, P. C.
name: Schmitt, J. H. M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the X-ray properties of the main-sequence Hyades members and the relation between X-ray emission and stellar rotation. As input catalog for Hyades members, we combined three recent membership lists derived from Gaia DR2 data including the Hyades core and its tidal tails. We searched for X-ray detections from the ROSAT all-sky survey (RASS) and pointings from ROSAT, Chandra, and XMM-Newton of the Hyades members and adopted rotation periods derived from Kepler's K2 mission and other resources. We find an X-ray detection for 281 of 1066 bona fide main-sequence Hyades members and provide statistical upper limits for the undetected sources. F- and G-type stars have the highest detection fraction (72 %), while K- and M-type dwarfs have lower detection rates (22 %). The X-ray luminosities of the detected members range from ~$2\times10^{27}$ for late M-type dwarfs to ~$2\times10^{30}$ erg s$^{-1}$ for active binaries. The X-ray luminosity distribution functions formally differ for the members in the core and tidal tails, which is likely caused by a larger fraction of field stars in our Hyades tails sample. Compared to previous studies, our sample is slightly fainter in X-rays due to differences in the used Hyades membership list, furthermore, we extend the X-ray luminosity distribution to fainter luminosities. The X-ray activity of F- and G-type stars is well defined at $F_X/F_bol=10^{-5}$ and increases to later spectral types reaching the saturation limit for members later than spectral type M3. The X-ray flux varies by less than a factor of three between epochs for the 104 Hyades members with multiple epoch data. Rotation periods are found for 204 Hyades members, with about half of them being detected in X-rays. The activity-rotation-relation derived for the coeval Hyades members has properties very similar to those obtained by other authors investigating stars of different ages.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Collisionless ion modeling in Hall thrusters: analytical axial velocity distribution function and heat flux closures
Creators: name: Boccelli, Stefano
name: Charoi, Thomas
name: Alvarez-Laguna, Alejandro
name: Chabert, Pascal
name: Bourdon, Anne
name: Magin, Thierry E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The genesis of the ion axial velocity distribution function (VDF) is analyzed for collisionless Hall thruster discharges. An analytical form for the VDF is obtained from the Vlasov equation, by applying the Tonks-Langmuir theory in the thruster channel, under the simplifying assumptions of monoenergetic creation of ions and steady state. The equivalent set of 1D unsteady anisotropic moment equations is derived from the Vlasov equation, and simple phenomenological closures are formulated, assuming a polynomial shape for the ions VDF. The analytical results and the anisotropic moment equations are compared to collisionless PIC simulations, employing either a zero heat flux (Euler-like equations) or the polynomial-VDF closure for the heat flux. The analytical ion VDF and its moments are then compared to experimental measurements.
Hosts of Type II Quasars: an HST Study
Creators: name: Zakamska, Nadia L.
name: Strauss, Michael A.
name: Krolik, Julian H.
name: Ridgway, Susan E.
name: Schmidt, Gary D.
name: Smith, Paul S.
name: Hao, Lei
name: Heckman, Timothy M.
name: Schneider, Donald P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type II quasars are luminous Active Galactic Nuclei whose centers are obscured by large amounts of gas and dust. In this contribution we present 3-band HST images of nine type II quasars with redshifts 0.25M_B>-26, but optical obscuration implies that host galaxies can be studied unencumbered by bright nuclei. Each object has been imaged in three filters (`red', `green' and `blue') placed between the strong emission lines. The spectacular, high quality images reveal a wealth of details about the structure of the host galaxies and their environments. Most galaxies in the sample are ellipticals, but strong deviations from de Vaucouleurs profiles are found, especially in the blue band. We argue that most of these deviations are due to the light from the nucleus scattered off interstellar material in the host galaxy. This scattered component can make a significant contribution to the broad-band flux and complicates the analysis of the colors of the stellar populations in the host galaxy. This extended component can be difficult to notice in unobscured luminous quasars and may bias the results of host galaxy studies.
description: 6 pages including 2 color figures; proceedings of the 'QSO host galaxies: evolution and environment' conference, Leiden, August 2005
A NOTE ON BIAS IN THE ESTIMATED EFFECTS OF BEEF IMPORTS ON U.S. MEAT PRICES
Creators: name: Ryan, Timothy J.
name: Ryan, Timothy J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The impact of beef imports on United States meat prices is a highly emotional and controversial issue. Congressmen representing urban districts, and to a lesser extent the Administration, look towards beef imports as a way of containing rapid increases in meat prices. Congressmen and Senators from beef-producing States regard beef imports as a direct attack on the U.S. beef-producing industry. These differing views are being reconciled through Congress considering amendments to the Meat Import Law (Public Law 88-482). The impacts and the amendments are of vital interest to Australia because about 25 per cent of Australia's beef production is sold on the lucrative U.S. market. In this note it is argued that, in general, the reported impacts on U.S. meat prices are overestimates because the analysts misspecify the structure of the U.S. beef industry.
IC MAGE Model 02 – Simple state-parameter dependent model with isotropic small strain stiffness
Creators: name: Taborda, David M G
name: Pedro, Antonio M G
name: Kontoe, Stavroula
name: Tsiampousi, Aikaterini
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Geotechnical Analysis
Finite Element Analysis
Constitutive Modelling
Geotechnical Engineering
Sand

description: IC MAGE M02 is a user-defined model for PLAXIS built using the IC MAGE UMIP framework which combines the state-parameter framework by Been & Jefferies (1985) with a Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion. The elastic response is given by the isotropic small strain stiffness model IC.G3S by Taborda et al. (2016). A reversal detection algorithm within a cyclic nonlinear elastic framework allows for the generation of hysteresis (and energy dissipation).
description: {"references": ["Been, K. and Jefferies, M.G. (1985) A state parameter for sands. Geotechnique, 35(2), 99-112. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1985.35.2.99", "Taborda, D.M.G., Potts, D.M. and Zdravkovi\u0107, L. (2016). On the assessment of energy dissipated through hysteresis in finite element analysis. Computers and Geotechnics, 71, 180\u2013194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2015.09.001", "Taborda, D.M.G., Potts, D.M., Zdravkovi\u0107, L. and Pedro, A.M.G. (2018) Incorporating the state parameter into a simple constitutive model for sand. Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429446931", "Taborda, D.M.G and Zdravkovi\u0107, L. (2012). Application of a Hill-Climbing technique to the formulation of a new cyclic nonlinear elastic constitutive model. Computers and Geotechnics, 43, 80-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2012.02.001", "Taborda, David M G, Kontoe, Stavroula, & Tsiampousi, Aikaterini. (2021, June 23). IC MAGE UMIP - universal model interface for PLAXIS (Version 2.0). Zenodo. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5018865"]}
Additional file 2 of Chronos: a cell population dynamics model of CRISPR experiments that improves inference of gene fitness effects
Creators: name: Dempster, Joshua M.
name: Boyle, Isabella
name: Vazquez, Francisca
name: Root, David E.
name: Boehm, Jesse S.
name: Hahn, William C.
name: Tsherniak, Aviad
name: McFarland, James M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Review history.
Tracing the base of protostellar wind(s) towards the high-mass star forming region AFGL 5142: VLA continuum and VLBA water maser observations
Creators: name: Goddi, C.
name: Moscadelli, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have conducted phase-reference multi-epoch observations of the 22.2 GHz water masers using the VLBA and multi-frequency study of the continuum emission using the VLA towards the high-mass SFR AFGL 5142. The water maser emission comes from two elongated structures (indicated as Group I and Group II), with the measured proper motions aligned along the structures' elongation axes. Each group consists of two (blue- and red-shifted) clusters of features separated by a few hundreds and thousands of AU respectively for Group I and Group II. The maser features of Group II have both positions and velocities aligned along a direction close to the axis of the outflow traced by HCO+ and SiO emission on angular scales of tens of arcsec. We predict that the maser emission arises from dense, shocked molecular clumps displaced along the axis of the molecular outflow. The two maser clusters of Group I are oriented on the sky along a direction forming a large angle (> 60 degrees) with the axis of the jet/outflow traced by Group II maser features. We have detected a compact (8.4 and 22 GHz) continuum source that falls close to the centroid of Group I masers, indicating that the source ionizing the gas is also responsible for the excitation of the water masers. The kinematic analysis indicates that the Group I masers trace outflowing rather than rotating gas, discarding the Keplerian disk scenario proposed in a previous paper for Group I. Since the axis joining the two maser clusters of Group II does not cross the position of the continuum source, Group II masers might be excited by an (undetected) massive YSO, distinct from the one (pinpointed by the VLA continuum emission) responsible for the excitation of the Group I masers.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
ON THE HIDDEN REVENUE EFFECTS OF WOOL PRICE STABILISATION IN AUSTRALIA: INITIAL RESULTS
Creators: name: Campbell, Rachel
name: Gardiner, B.
name: Haszler, Henry
name: Campbell, Rachel
name: Gardiner, B.
name: Haszler, Henry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A preliminary analysis of demand in eight major OECD wool-consuming countries is used to provide up-to-date estimates of price elasticities of demand for wool. Those elasticities are employed to calculate ex ante market prices, assuming no wool price stabilisation in Australia. The computed ex ante prices are used in a dynamic simulation to estimate demand and, hence, revenue from wool sales to the eight countries in the absence of reserve price operations in Australia. Based on the preferred semi-log demand curve, the variability of wool prices is estimated to have been reduced by 44 per cent, due to Australian intervention in the market up to 1977/78. However, price stabilisation is estimated to have lowered the revenue from Australian wool sales to the eight countries by S139m, or by 2 per cent, in the period up to 1977/78.
On the relative importance of hadronic emission processes along the jet axis of Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Hoerbe, Mario R.
name: Morris, Paul J.
name: Cotter, Garret
name: Tjus, Julia Becker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the coincident detection of a gamma-ray flare and a neutrino from the blazar TXS 0506+056, Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) have been put into focus as possible sources of the diffuse neutrino flux. We present a space and time-resolved model of the high-energy particle emission of a plasmoid assumed to travel along the axis of an AGN jet at relativistic speed. This was achieved by modifying the publicly available CRPropa (version 3.1+) propagation framework which in our work is capable of being applied to source physics on sub-kpc scales. The propagation of a population of primary protons is modelled in a purely turbulent magnetic field and we take into account interactions of these protons with photons scattered from the accretion disc, synchrotron radiation emitted by ambient relativistic electrons, as well with themselves and with other ambient matter. Our model produces a PeV-neutrino flare caused mainly by photo-hadronic interactions of primaries with the accretion disc field. Secondary high-energy gamma-rays partly attenuate with the ambient photon fields whose combined optical depths achieve their minimal opacity for photons of around 10 TeV. Thus, our model is well capable of producing neutrino flares with a significantly reduced emission of gamma-rays in jets with a hadronic jet component which in the future can be fit to specific AGN flare scenarios.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures, accepted by MNRAS on 01 June 2020 for publication
BIOTERRORISM AND FOOD SECURITY --ISSUES AND CHALLENGES -- EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Creators: name: Mattson, Jeremy W.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Mattson, Jeremy W.
name: Koo, Won W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Introduction : A conference titled Bioterrorism and Food Security: Issues and Challenges was held on October 28 and 29, 2002 at the Ramada Plaza Suites and Conference Center in Fargo, North Dakota. The conference was organized by the Center for Agricultural Policy and Trade Studies and the Great Plains Institute of Food Safety, North Dakota State University. Sponsors of the conference were the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, and the Department of Agribusiness and Applied Economics. Speakers included U.S. Senator Byron Dorgan, U.S. Representative Earl Pomeroy, Lieutenant Governor Jack Dalrymple, government officials, and members of academia and private industry. The purpose of this conference was to address emerging issues related to bioterrorism and food security affecting U.S. agricultural production, processing, and trade, and to discuss strategies to prevent intentional contamination and attacks on U.S. agriculture. This volume summarizes the major issues and findings discussed by each of the conference speakers.
IC MAGE Model 02 – Simple state-parameter dependent model with isotropic small strain stiffness
Creators: name: Taborda, David M G
name: Pedro, Antonio M G
name: Kontoe, Stavroula
name: Tsiampousi, Aikaterini
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Geotechnical Analysis
Finite Element Analysis
Constitutive Modelling
Geotechnical Engineering
Sand

description: IC MAGE M02 is a user-defined model for PLAXIS built using the IC MAGE UMIP framework which combines the state-parameter framework by Been & Jefferies (1985) with a Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion. The elastic response is given by the isotropic small strain stiffness model IC.G3S by Taborda et al. (2016). A reversal detection algorithm within a cyclic nonlinear elastic framework allows for the generation of hysteresis (and energy dissipation).
description: {"references": ["Been, K. and Jefferies, M.G. (1985) A state parameter for sands. Geotechnique, 35(2), 99-112. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.1985.35.2.99", "Taborda, D.M.G., Potts, D.M. and Zdravkovi\u0107, L. (2016). On the assessment of energy dissipated through hysteresis in finite element analysis. Computers and Geotechnics, 71, 180\u2013194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2015.09.001", "Taborda, D.M.G., Potts, D.M., Zdravkovi\u0107, L. and Pedro, A.M.G. (2018) Incorporating the state parameter into a simple constitutive model for sand. Numerical Methods in Geotechnical Engineering IX. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429446931", "Taborda, D.M.G and Zdravkovi\u0107, L. (2012). Application of a Hill-Climbing technique to the formulation of a new cyclic nonlinear elastic constitutive model. Computers and Geotechnics, 43, 80-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2012.02.001", "Taborda, David M G, Kontoe, Stavroula, & Tsiampousi, Aikaterini. (2021, June 23). IC MAGE UMIP - universal model interface for PLAXIS (Version 2.0). Zenodo. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5018865"]}
ECONOMICS OF DETECTION AND CONTROL OF INVASIVE SPECIES: WORKSHOP HIGHLIGHTS
Creators: name: Koo, Won W.
name: Mattson, Jeremy W.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Mattson, Jeremy W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Invasive species are species that are not native to an ecosystem, and when introduced into the new ecosystem, they cause economic or environmental damage. Trade is one way in which these species are introduced into new regions, and as trade increases, the introduction of invasive species also rises. The Center for Agricultural Policy and Trade Studies, North Dakota State University, held a workshop on April 30, 2004 in Fargo, ND, titled ?Economics of Detection and Control of Invasive Species? to address these issues. The purpose of this workshop was to present current findings on the subject of invasive species in agricultural trade and to structure the model for an in-depth research project examining this issue. Speakers included experts from the Animal Plant Health Inspection Service and the Economic Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and from U.S. Customs and Border Patrol, as well as professors of economics from North Dakota State University and other academic institutions. Discussion included the impact of invasive species on agricultural production and trade, the tools used by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Customs and Border patrol to detect and control incoming species, and the creation of econometric models to capture and explain these processes and to analyze policy issues. This report contains abstracts from the presentations given at the workshop.
Precision X-ray Timing of RX J0806.3+1527 with CHANDRA: Evidence for Gravitational Radiation from an Ultracompact Binary
Creators: name: Strohmayer, Tod E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: RX J0806.3+1527 is a candidate double degenerate binary with possibly the shortest known orbital period. The source shows an 100% X-ray intensity modulation at the putative orbital frequency of 3.11 mHz (321.5 s). If the system is a detached, ultracompact binary gravitational radiation should drive spin-up with a magnitude of ~10-16 Hz/s. Here we describe the results of the first phase coherent X-ray monitoring campaign on RX J0806.3+1527 with Chandra. We obtained a total of 70 ksec of exposure in 6 epochs logarithmically spaced over 320 days. These data conclusively show that the X-ray frequency is increasing at a rate of 3.77 +- 0.8 x 10-16 Hz/s. Using our new ephemeris we are able to phase up all the earlier Chandra and ROSAT data and show they are consistent with a rate of 3.63 +- 0.06 x 10-16 Hz/s over the past decade. This value appears consistent with that recently derived by Israel et al. largely from monitoring of the optical modulation, and is in rough agreement with the solutions reported initially by Hakala et al., based on ground-based optical observations. The large spin-up is consistent with gravitational radiation losses driving the evolution. An intermediate polar (IP) scenario where the observed X-ray period is the spin period of an accreting white dwarf appears less tenable. If the ultracompact scenario is correct, then the X-ray flux cannot be powered by stable accretion which would drive the components apart, suggesting a new type of energy source (perhaps electromagnetic) may power the X-ray flux.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, AASTeX, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
On the feedback from super stellar clusters. I. The structure of giant HII regions and HII galaxies
Creators: name: Tenorio-Tagle, G.
name: Munoz-Tunon, C.
name: Perez, E.
name: Silich, S.
name: Telles, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the structural properties of giant extragalactic HII regions and HII galaxies based on 2D hydrodynamic calculations, and propose an evolutionary sequence that accounts for their observed detailed structure. The model assumes a massive and young stellar cluster surrounded by a large collection of clouds. These are thus exposed to the most important star-formation feedback mechanisms: photoionization and the cluster wind. The models show how the two feedback mechanisms compete in the disruption of clouds and lead to two different hydrodynamic solutions: The storage of clouds into a long lasting ragged shell that inhibits the expansion of the thermalized wind, and the steady filtering of the shocked wind gas through channels carved within the cloud stratum. Both solutions are claimed to be concurrently at work in giant HII regions and HII galaxies, causing their detailed inner structure. This includes multiple large-scale shells, filled with an X-ray emitting gas, that evolve to finally merge with each other, giving the appearance of shells within shells. The models also show how the inner filamentary structure of the giant superbubbles is largely enhanced with matter ablated from clouds and how cloud ablation proceeds within the original cloud stratum. The calculations point at the initial contrast density between the cloud and the intercloud media as the factor that defines which of the two feedback mechanisms becomes dominant throughout the evolution. Animated version of the models can be found at http://www.iaa.csic.es/\~{}eperez/ssc/ssc.html.
description: 28 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in the ApJ. Animated version of the models can be found at http://www.iaa.csic.es/\~{}eperez/ssc/ssc.html
Smooth Proxy-Anchor Loss for Noisy Metric Learning
Creators: name: Roig, Carlos
name: Varas, David
name: Masuda, Issey
name: Riveiro, Juan Carlos
name: Bou-Balust, Elisenda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many industrial applications use Metric Learning as a way to circumvent scalability issues when designing systems with a high number of classes. Because of this, this field of research is attracting a lot of interest from the academic and non-academic communities. Such industrial applications require large-scale datasets, which are usually generated with web data and, as a result, often contain a high number of noisy labels. While Metric Learning systems are sensitive to noisy labels, this is usually not tackled in the literature, that relies on manually annotated datasets. In this work, we propose a Metric Learning method that is able to overcome the presence of noisy labels using our novel Smooth Proxy-Anchor Loss. We also present an architecture that uses the aforementioned loss with a two-phase learning procedure. First, we train a confidence module that computes sample class confidences. Second, these confidences are used to weight the influence of each sample for the training of the embeddings. This results in a system that is able to provide robust sample embeddings. We compare the performance of the described method with current state-of-the-art Metric Learning losses (proxy-based and pair-based), when trained with a dataset containing noisy labels. The results showcase an improvement of 2.63 and 3.29 in Recall@1 with respect to MultiSimilarity and Proxy-Anchor Loss respectively, proving that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art of Metric Learning in noisy labeling conditions.
description: The 4th Workshop on Visual Understanding by Learning from Web Data (CVPR 2020)
Topological properties of geometric phases
Creators: name: Fujikawa, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The level crossing problem and associated geometric terms are neatly formulated by using the second quantization technique both in the operator and path integral formulations. The analysis of geometric phases is then reduced to the familiar diagonalization of the Hamiltonian. If one diagonalizes the Hamiltonian in one specific limit, one recovers the conventional formula for geometric phases. On the other hand, if one diagonalizes the geometric terms in the infinitesimal neighborhood of level crossing, the geometric phases become trivial (and thus no monopole singularity) for arbitrarily large but finite time interval $T$. The topological proof of the Longuet-Higgins' phase-change rule, for example, thus fails in the practical Born-Oppenheimer approximation where a large but finite ratio of two time scales is involved and $T$ is identified with the period of the slower system.
description: 10 pages with 2 figures. Talk given at the International Workshop "Frontiers in Quantum Physics", Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics, Kyoto, Japan, February 17-19, 2005 (to be published in the Proceedings)
Statistical field theory of ion-molecular solutions
Creators: name: Budkov, Yu. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, I summarize my theoretical developments in the statistical field theory of salt solutions of zwitterionic and multipolar molecules. Based on the Hubbard-Stratonovich integral transformation, I represent configuration integrals of dilute salt solutions of zwitterionic and multipolar molecules in the form of functional integrals over the space-dependent fluctuating electrostatic potential. In the mean-field approximation, for both cases, I derive integro-differential self-consistent field equations for the electrostatic potential, generated by the external charges in solutions media, which generalize the classical Poisson-Boltzmann equation. I derive for the both cases a general expression for the electrostatic potential of a point-like test ion, expressed through certain screening functions. I derive an analytical expression for the electrostatic potential of the point-like test ion in a salt zwitterionic solution, generalizing the well known Debye-Hueckel potential. In the salt-free solution case, I obtain analytical expressions for the local dielectric permittivity around the point-like test ion and its effective solvation radius. For the case of salt solutions of multipolar molecules, I find a new oscillating behavior of the electrostatic field potential of the point-like test ion at long distances. I obtain a general expression for the average quadrupolar length of a multipolar solute. Using the random phase approximation (RPA), I derive general expressions for the excess free energy of bulk salt solutions of zwitterionic and multipolar molecules and analyze the limiting regimes resulting from them. I generalize the salt zwitterionic solution theory for the case when several kinds of zwitterions are dissolved in the solution. In this case, within the RPA, I obtain a general expression for the solvation energy of the test zwitterion.
description: Paper is accepted for publication in Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
On Nucleon Electromagnetic Form Factors: A Pre'cis
Creators: name: Hoell, A
name: Alkofer, R.
name: Kloker, M.
name: Krassnigg, A.
name: Roberts, C. D.
name: Wright, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron scattering at large Q^2 probes a nucleon's quark core. This core's contribution to electromagnetic form factors may be calculated using Poincare' covariant Faddeev amplitudes combined with a nucleon-photon vertex that automatically fulfills a Ward-Takahashi identity for on-shell nucleons. The calculated behaviour of G_E^p(Q^2)/G_M^p(Q^2) on 26 GeV^2.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of "Baryons 04," the 10th International Conference on the Structure of Baryons, 25-29/Oct./04, Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau; 5 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of AGAP2-AS1 as a prognostic biomarker in low-risk clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients with progressing disease
Creators: name: Nakken, Sigrid
name: Eikrem, Øystein
name: Marti, Hans-Peter
name: Beisland, Christian
name: Bostad, Leif
name: Scherer, Andreas
name: Flatberg, Arnar
name: Beisvag, Vidar
name: Skandalou, Eleni
name: Furriol, Jessica
name: Strauss, Philipp
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Patient selection procedure. Out of 443 patients operated on for ccRCC between 1997 and 2014, 274 were classified as “low risk” (score 0–2, according to the Leibovich 2003 classification). Eight of them (2.9%) developed metastases. Control patients (n = 16) matched for age, primary tumor stage and size, Fuhrman grade and eGFR were selected from the 266 nonprogressing “low risk” patients. A detailed analysis of the clinicopathological characteristics of progressing and nonprogressing control patients is reported in Table 1 of the main text.
Nonlocal Measurements in the Time-Symmetric Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Vaidman, Lev
name: Nevo, Izhar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although nondemolition, reliable, and instantaneous quantum measurements of some nonlocal variables are impossible, demolition reliable instantaneous measurements are possible for all variables. It is shown that this is correct also in the framework of the time-symmetric quantum formalism, i.e. nonlocal variables of composite quantum systems with quantum states evolving both forward and backward in time are measurable in a demolition way. The result follows from the possibility to reverse with certainty the time direction of a backward evolving quantum state. Demolition measurements of nonlocal backward evolving quantum states require remarkably small resources. This is so because the combined operation of time reversal and teleportation of a local backward evolving quantum state requires only a single quantum channel and no transmission of classical information.
description: 4 pages 1 figure
J1110+4817 -- a compact symmetric object candidate revisited
Creators: name: Krezinger, M.
name: Frey, S.
name: An, T.
name: Jaiswal, S.
name: Zhang, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compact symmetric objects (CSOs) are radio-emitting active galactic nuclei (AGNs) typically with a double-lobed radio structure confined to within 1 kpc. CSOs represent the earliest evolutionary phase of jetted AGNs. Some of them may eventually evolve into large-scale extended double sources, while others stall within the host galaxy and die out, depending on the longevity of nuclear activity, the jet power, and parameters of the surrounding galactic environment. Studying CSOs is a useful tool for understanding the evolution of the galaxies and the interactions between the jets and the medium of the host galaxy. Based on milliarcsec-resolution imaging observations using very long baseline interferometry (VLBI), it is not always straightforward to distinguish between a compact double-lobed or a core-jet structure. The quasar J1110+4817 was considered a CSO candidate in the literature earlier, but because of the lack of clear evidence, it could not be securely classified as a CSO. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of archival multi-frequency VLBI observations combined with accurate Gaia optical astrometric information. Lower-frequency VLBI images reveal an extended radio feature nearly perpendicular to the main structural axis of the source, apparently emanating from the brighter northern feature, that is rare among the known CSOs. While the presence of a binary AGN system cannot be fully excluded, the most plausible explanation is that J1110+4817 is a CSO.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures; accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Additional file 2 of AGAP2-AS1 as a prognostic biomarker in low-risk clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients with progressing disease
Creators: name: Nakken, Sigrid
name: Eikrem, Øystein
name: Marti, Hans-Peter
name: Beisland, Christian
name: Bostad, Leif
name: Scherer, Andreas
name: Flatberg, Arnar
name: Beisvag, Vidar
name: Skandalou, Eleni
name: Furriol, Jessica
name: Strauss, Philipp
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Ingenuity pathway analyses for progressors vs. nonprogressors. The top results are presented in table format (a), and the top 10 canonical pathways are additionally presented as a graph (b). The top disease was “Cancer”, even though we compared two forms of cancer that were histologically identically and came from closely matched patients.