cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The ALMA Spectroscopic Survey Large Program: The Infrared Excess of z=1.5-10 UV-selected Galaxies and the Implied High-Redshift Star Formation History
Creators: name: Bouwens, Rychard
name: Gonzalez-Lopez, Jorge
name: Aravena, Manuel
name: Decarli, Roberto
name: Novak, Mladen
name: Stefanon, Mauro
name: Walter, Fabian
name: Boogaard, Leindert
name: Carilli, Chris
name: Dudzeviciute, Ugne
name: Smail, Ian
name: Daddi, Emanuele
name: da Cunha, Elisabete
name: Ivison, Rob
name: Nanayakkara, Themiya
name: Cortes, Paulo
name: Cox, Pierre
name: Inami, Hanae
name: Oesch, Pascal
name: Popping, Gergo
name: Riechers, Dominik
name: van der Werf, Paul
name: Weiss, Axel
name: Fudamoto, Yoshi
name: Wagg, Jeff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make use of sensitive (9.3 microJy/beam RMS) 1.2mm-continuum observations from the ASPECS ALMA large program of the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF) to probe dust-enshrouded star formation from 1362 Lyman-break galaxies spanning the redshift range z=1.5-10 (to ~7-28 Msolar/yr at 4 sigma over the entire range). We find that the fraction of ALMA-detected galaxies in our z=1.5-10 samples increases steeply with stellar mass, with the detection fraction rising from 0% at 10^9 Msolar to 85(-18)(+9)% at >10^{10} Msolar. Moreover, stacking all 1253 low-mass (<10^{9.25} Msolar) galaxies over the ASPECS footprint, we find a mean continuum flux of -0.1+/-0.4 microJy/beam, implying a hard upper limit on the obscured SFR of <0.6 Msolar/yr (4 sigma) in a typical low-mass galaxy. The correlation between the infrared excess IRX of UV-selected galaxies (L(IR)/L(UV)) and the UV-continuum slope is also seen in our ASPECS data and shows consistency with a Calzetti-like relation at >10^{9.5} M_{solar} and a SMC-like relation at lower masses. Using stellar-mass and beta measurements for z~2 galaxies over CANDELS, we derive a new empirical relation between beta and stellar mass and then use this correlation to show that our IRX-beta and IRX-stellar mass relations are consistent with each other. We then use these constraints to express the infrared excess as a bivariate function of beta and stellar mass. Finally, we present updated estimates of star-formation rate density determinations at z>3, leveraging current improvements in the measured infrared excess and recent probes of ultra-luminous far-IR galaxies at z>2.
description: 32 pages, 22 figures, 11 pages, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal, key results shown in Figures 7, 8, 11, and 20, updated to match version in press
Representations of reduced enveloping algebras and cells in the affine Weyl group
Creators: name: Humphreys, James E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B05 (Primary); 20F55 20G05 (Secondary)

description: Let G be a semisimple algebraic group over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p>0, and let g be its Lie algebra. The crucial Lie algebra representations to understand are those associated with the reduced enveloping algebra U_chi(g) for a nilpotent chi in g*. We conjecture that there is a natural assignment of simple modules in a regular block to left cells in the affine Weyl group (for the dual root system) lying in the two-sided cell which corresponds to the orbit of chi in Lusztig's bijection. This should respect the action of the component group of C_G(chi) and fit naturally into Lusztig's enriched bijection involving the characters of C_G(chi). Some evidence will be described in special cases.
description: 10 pages; LaTeX; submitted to AMS Contemporary Mathematics; minor revisions
title: TRADE UNION ACTION AND THE CRIMINAL LAW: THE CASE OF THE SHREWSBURY PICKETS
Creators: name: Turnbull, E
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: The imprisonment of trade unionists in the United Kingdom for events occurring during strikes has been a rare occurrence, particularly over the past three decades when strikes have declined to an all-time low. The trials and convictions of a group of North Wales building workers in 1973-74 for picketing-related offences during the first and only UK national building workers strike raises important issues for all those engaged in challenging the politics and effects of austerity and neo-liberalism. This thesis is an analysis of the case of the 'Shrewsbury 24', using newly-available documents that have been located during the research. It illustrates how the state used the criminal justice system in an attempt to curtail effective picketing by workers during industrial disputes. Draconian prison sentences were handed down to six of the pickets to send a signal to the trade union and labour movement that the government were prepared to use the courts to deter mass picketing. The thesis explores the laws that were used against the pickets and the enormous discretion available to the police and prosecutors in deciding whether and what to charge at any given time. It illuminates the landscape of hidden dangers posed by the criminal law, which can be used arbitrarily against trade unionists and campaigners who organise or participate in direct action. Using a Marxist theoretical approach, including Gramsci's concept of hegemony, this thesis explores the role of the state and of ideology in criminalising trade unionists. The thesis, through an examination of theories of miscarriages of justice, concludes that by locating the convictions of the pickets within a class-based framework the political character of miscarriages of justice is revealed.
Event vertex and time reconstruction in large volume liquid scintillator detector
Creators: name: Li, Ziyuan
name: Zhang, Yumei
name: Cao, Guofu
name: Deng, Ziyan
name: Huang, Guihong
name: Li, Weidong
name: Lin, Tao
name: Wen, Liangjian
name: Yu, Miao
name: Zou, Jiaheng
name: Luo, Wuming
name: You, Zhengyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-volume liquid scintillator detectors with ultra-low background levels have been widely used to study neutrino physics and search for dark matter. Event vertex and event time are not only useful for event selection but also essential for the reconstruction of event energy. In this study, four event vertex and event time reconstruction algorithms using charge and time information collected by photomultiplier tubes were analyzed comprehensively. The effects of photomultiplier tube properties were also investigated. The results indicate that the transit time spread is the main effect degrading the vertex reconstruction, while the effect of dark noise is limited. In addition, when the event is close to the detector boundary, the charge information provides better performance for vertex reconstruction than the time information.
description: 11 pages, 16 figures
Poisoning Attacks on Cyber Attack Detectors for Industrial Control Systems
Creators: name: Kravchik, Moshe
name: Biggio, Battista
name: Shabtai, Asaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, neural network (NN)-based methods, including autoencoders, have been proposed for the detection of cyber attacks targeting industrial control systems (ICSs). Such detectors are often retrained, using data collected during system operation, to cope with the natural evolution (i.e., concept drift) of the monitored signals. However, by exploiting this mechanism, an attacker can fake the signals provided by corrupted sensors at training time and poison the learning process of the detector such that cyber attacks go undetected at test time. With this research, we are the first to demonstrate such poisoning attacks on ICS cyber attack online NN detectors. We propose two distinct attack algorithms, namely, interpolation- and back-gradient based poisoning, and demonstrate their effectiveness on both synthetic and real-world ICS data. We also discuss and analyze some potential mitigation strategies.
description: ACM SAC'21. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2002.02741
Supplementary Material from Evidence that bottlenose dolphins can communicate with vocal signals to solve a cooperative task
Creators: name: King, Stephanie L.
name: Guarino, Emily
name: Donegan, Katy
name: McMullen, Christina
name: Jaakkola, Kelly
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Tables and Figure
The string theory swampland in the Euclid, SKA and Vera Rubin observatory era
Creators: name: Barrau, Aurélien
name: Renevey, Cyril
name: Martineau, Killian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article aims at drawing the attention of astronomers on the ability of future cosmological surveys to put constraints on string theory. The fact that "quantum gravity" might be constrained by large scale astrophysical observations is a remarkable fact that has recently concentrated a great amount of interest. In this work, we focus on future observatories and investigate their capability to put string theory, which is sometimes said to be "unfalsifiable", under serious pressure. We show that the combined analysis of SKA, Euclid, and the Vera Rubin observatory - together with Planck results - could improve substantially the current limits on the relevant string swampland parameter. In particular, our analysis leads to a nearly model-independent prospective upper bound on the quintessence potential, |V'|/V<0.16, in strong contradiction with the so-called de Sitter conjecture. Some lines of improvements for the very long run are also drawn, together with generic prospective results, underlining the efficiency of this approach. The conjectures used in this work are discussed pedagogically, together with the cosmological models chosen in the analysis.
The Law
Creators: name: Espinoza, Braulio
name: Mixco, Mauricio J.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: klb

description: See Kiliwa Texts: “When I have Donned My Crest of Stars” (University of Utah Press, 1983), p. 201 for transcription, segmentation, glossing, and translation of this story.
Breakdown of metastable step-flow growth on vicinal surfaces induced by nucleation
Creators: name: Vilone, Daniele
name: Castellano, Claudio
name: Politi, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the growth of a vicinal crystal surface in the presence of a step-edge barrier. For any value of the barrier strength, measured by the length l_es, nucleation of islands on terraces is always able to destroy asymptotically step-flow growth. The breakdown of the metastable step-flow occurs through the formation of a mound of critical width proportional to L_c=1/sqrt(l_es), the length associated to the linear instability of a high-symmetry surface. The time required for the destabilization grows exponentially with L_c. Thermal detachment from steps or islands, or a steeper slope increase the instability time but do not modify the above picture, nor change L_c significantly. Standard continuum theories cannot be used to evaluate the activation energy of the critical mound and the instability time. The dynamics of a mound can be described as a one dimensional random walk for its height k: attaining the critical height (i.e. the critical size) means that the probability to grow (k->k+1) becomes larger than the probability for the mound to shrink (k->k-1). Thermal detachment induces correlations in the random walk, otherwise absent.
description: 10 pages. Minor changes. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
title: Equine piroplasmosis: assessing the threat to the UK and Ireland
Creators: name: Coultous, Robert Makepeace
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Theileria equi, Babesia caballi, equine, piroplasmosis, UK, Ireland.

description: Equine piroplasmosis (EP) is a disease of major welfare and economic concern. Despite a near ubiquitous prevalence globally, the UK and Ireland currently enjoy freedom from endemic EP disease. However, equines entering the UK and Ireland are not screened for EP, and populations of ticks capable of transmitting EP have been identified in England and Wales. Consequently, entry and establishment of EP is of great welfare and financial concern to the equine industry. This study, comprised of several aspects, set out to determine the threat of EP to the UK and Ireland. A survey of laboratory submissions identified an EP seroprevalence of 8 % and 3.5 % in UK and Irish samples respectively. Further screening of these samples with an optimised Babesia/Theileria catch-all 18S SSU rRNA nested PCR detected circulating Theileria equi parasite in a small (<1 %) but significant proportion. A qualitative risk assessment identified the overall risk of introduction and spread of EP into the UK as low, however the consequences of EP establishment were assessed as significant. Recommendations were made to bring UK policy inline with OIE guidelines and those of other EP-free countries. Theileria equi DNA samples identified in the UK submissions demonstrated an expected high degree of genetic diversity, with representatives from three of five previously described clades. To aid a more rapid method of genotyping T. equi, a new qPCR subtyping technique was developed and trialled on an EP positive Gambian sample population. The technique was successful in identifying multiple genotype infections both within and between individuals. Irish T. equi samples appeared homogeneous at the 18S SSU rRNA locus, potentially suggesting iatrogenic transmission. For greater genetic resolution, a novel microsatellite panel was developed and demonstrated a genetic diversity within the samples that was inconsistent with clonal spread. The results of this study provide data for further advances in diagnostic specificity and sensitivity for detection of EP, and recommends government policy change to maintain national herd biosecurity.
ESM for everyone
Creators: name: Fouilloux, Anne
name: Iaquinta, jean
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: climate
noresm
galaxy
eosc-nordic
eosc

description: Presentation of activities in NICEST2 and EOSC-Nordic to ease the usage and development of Earth System Models. This presentation was given online to Swedish NorESM users during one of their regular norESM meeting.
description: This presentation was produced for the NICEST2 project which is supported by the Nordic e-Infrastructure Collaboration (NeIC), which is part of NordForsk.
Resolving Multiphoton Processes with High-Order Anisotropy Ultrafast X-ray Scattering
Creators: name: Natan, Adi
name: Schori, Aviad
name: Owolabi, Grace
name: Cryan, James P.
name: Glownia, James M.
name: Bucksbaum, Philip H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first results on ultrafast X-ray scattering of strongly driven molecular Iodine and analysis of high-order anisotropic components of the scattering signal, up to four-photon absorption. We discuss the technical details of retrieving high fidelity high-order anisotropy components, and outline a method to analyze the scattering signal using Legendre decomposition. We use simulated anisotropic scattering signals and Fourier analysis to map how anisotropic dissociation motions can be extracted from the various Legendre orders. We observe multitude dissociation and vibration motions simultaneously arising from various multiphoton transitions. We use the anisotropy information of the scattering signal to disentangle the different processes and assign their dissociation velocities on the Angstrom and femtosecond scales de-novo.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
Separable Subsets of GFERF Negatively Curved Groups
Creators: name: Minasyan, Ashot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F67, 20E26

description: A word hyperbolic group $G$ is called GFERF if every quasiconvex subgroup coincides with the intersection of finite index subgroups containing it. We show that in any such group, the product of finitely many quasiconvex subgroups is closed in the profinite topology on $G$.
description: 10 pages. Final version: several minor typos were corrected and a few things added in the introduction
Information carried by electromagnetic radiation launched from accelerated polarization currents
Creators: name: Singleton, John
name: Schmidt, Andrea C.
name: Bailey, Connor
name: Wigger, James
name: Krawczyk, Frank L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show experimentally that a continuous, linear, dielectric antenna in which a superluminal polarization-current distribution accelerates can be used to transmit a broadband signal that is reproduced in a comprehensible form at a chosen target distance and angle. The requirement for this exact correspondence between broadcast and received signals is that each moving point in the polarization-current distribution approaches the target at the speed of light at all times during its transit along the antenna. This results in a one-to-one correspondence between the time at which each point on the moving polarization current enters the antenna and the time at which {\it all} of the radiation emitted by this particular point during its transit through the antenna arrives simultaneously at the target. This has the effect of reproducing the desired time dependence of the original broadcast signal. For other observer/detector positions, the time dependence of the signal is scrambled, due to the non-trivial relationship between emission (retarded) time and reception time. This technique represents a contrast to conventional radio transmission methods; in most examples of the latter, signals are broadcast with little or no directivity, selectivity of reception being achieved through the use of narrow frequency bands. In place of this, the current paper uses a spread of frequencies to transmit information to a particular location; the signal is weaker and has a scrambled time dependence elsewhere. We point out the possible relevance of this mechanism to 5G neighbourhood networks. This work also constitutes a ground-based astrophysics experiment that gives strong clues towards the emission mechanism of pulsars.
Stellungnahme zu dem Dokument der Gemeinsamen römisch-katholischen/evangelisch-lutherischen Kommission "Einheit vor uns"
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 38 Nr. 4 (1989): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 38, Heft 4
GW190521: orbital eccentricity and signatures of dynamical formation in a binary black hole merger signal
Creators: name: Romero-Shaw, Isobel M.
name: Lasky, Paul D.
name: Thrane, Eric
name: Bustillo, Juan Calderon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pair instability supernovae are thought to restrict the formation of black holes in the mass range ~50 - 135 solar masses. However, black holes with masses within this "high mass gap" are expected to form as the remnants of binary black hole mergers. These remnants can merge again dynamically in densely populated environments such as globular clusters. The hypothesis that the binary black hole merger GW190521 formed dynamically is supported by its high mass. Orbital eccentricity can also be a signature of dynamical formation, since a binary that merges quickly after becoming bound may not circularize before merger. In this work, we measure the orbital eccentricity of GW190521. We find that the data prefer a signal with eccentricity $e \geq 0.1$ at 10 Hz to a non-precessing, quasi-circular signal, with a log Bayes factor $\ln{\cal B}=5.0$. When compared to precessing, quasi-circular analyses, the data prefer a non-precessing, $e \geq 0.1$ signal, with log Bayes factors $\ln{\cal B}\approx2$. Using injection studies, we find that a non-spinning, moderately eccentric ($e = 0.13$) GW190521-like binary can be mistaken for a quasi-circular, precessing binary. Conversely, a quasi-circular binary with spin-induced precession may be mistaken for an eccentric binary. We therefore cannot confidently determine whether GW190521 was precessing or eccentric. Nevertheless, since both of these properties support the dynamical formation hypothesis, our findings support the hypothesis that GW190521 formed dynamically.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJL
The use of microtremor measurements for seismic hazard studies in the Greater Vancouver Regional District (GVRD)
Creators: name: Teo, Dennis
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The Greater Vancouver Regional District (GVRD) in the province of British Columbia is located in one of the most seismically active regions of Canada. In this thesis, a method for assessing the seismic hazard potential at GVRD sites using the characteristics of microtremors is evaluated. These characteristics, site predominant periods and relative amplification ratios, were determined by analyzing records of microtremors. The feasibility of using the microtremor characteristics for hazard estimation was investigated. The stability of the characteristics of microtremors at a site is crucial for assessing seismic hazard potential. For the GVRD region, the site predominant periods of microtremors were found to be stable over time. On the other hand, the peak Fourier spectral amplitudes and horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratios tend to fluctuate over time in response to the strength of the input sources. Comparison of spectral characteristics of microtremors and those of low-level earthquake ground motions showed that microtremor measurements can be used effectively to delineate the periods of peak response of sites. At deeper sites (>150 m) the periods of peak response from microtremors may reflect either the dominant response due to resonance in one of the upper strata or the excitation of one of the higher periods at the sites instead of the fundamental periods of these sites. The relative amplification ratio was found to be an inconsistent indicator for comparing the relative seismic amplification potential of sites.
Antiferromagnetic fluctuations, symmetry and shape of the gap function in the electron-doped superconductors: the functional renormalization-group analysis
Creators: name: Katanin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of the symmetry of the superconducting pairing and the form of the gap function in the electron-doped superconductors is reconsidered within the temperature-cutoff functional renormalization group approach combined with the Bethe-Salpeter equations. The momentum dependence of the order parameter for antiferromagnetic and superconducting instabilities in these compounds is analyzed. The gap function in the antiferromagnetic (particle-hole) channel has its maxima at the hot-spots, or at the diagonal of the Brilloin zone in their absence. The wavefunction in the singlet superconducting channel is non-monotonic in the vicinity of the (pi,0) and (0,pi) points, in striking similarity with recent experimental data. An instability in the triplet superconducting channel is much weaker than the singlet one and has an f-wave like form of the gap function.
description: 4 pages, RevTex
Molecular hydrogen in IllustrisTNG galaxies: carefully comparing signatures of environment with local CO & SFR data
Creators: name: Stevens, Adam R. H.
name: Lagos, Claudia del P.
name: Cortese, Luca
name: Catinella, Barbara
name: Diemer, Benedikt
name: Nelson, Dylan
name: Pillepich, Annalisa
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Marinacci, Federico
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine how the post-processed content of molecular hydrogen (H$_2$) in galaxies from the TNG100 cosmological, hydrodynamic simulation changes with environment at $z\!=\!0$, assessing central/satellite status and host halo mass. We make close comparisons with the carbon monoxide (CO) emission survey xCOLD GASS where possible, having mock-observed TNG100 galaxies to match the survey's specifications. For a representative sample of host haloes across $10^{11}\!\lesssim\!M_{\rm 200c}/{\rm M}_{\odot}\!
description: Accepted in MNRAS. Minor proofing and reference edits from v1. Main body: 19 pages, 11 figures
Loss of Kiliwa Identity
Creators: name: Espinoza, Braulio
name: Mixco, Mauricio J.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: klb

description: See Kiliwa Texts: "When I have Donned My Crest of Stars" (University of Utah Press, 1983), p. 194 for transcription, segmentation, glossing, and translation of this story.
Phase separation and pairing fluctuations in oxide materials
Creators: name: Bill, A.
name: Hizhnyakov, V.
name: Kremer, R. K.
name: Seibold, G.
name: Shelkan, A.
name: Sherman, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the microscopic mechanism of charge instabilities and the formation of inhomogeneous states in systems with strong electron correlations. It is demonstrated that within a strong coupling expansion the single-band Hubbard model shows an instability towards phase separation and extend the approach also for an analysis of phase separation in the Hubbard-Kanamori hamiltonian as a prototypical multiband model. We study the pairing fluctuations on top of an inhomogeneous stripe state where superconducting correlations in the extended s-wave and d-wave channels correspond to (anti)bound states in the two-particle spectra. Whereas extended s-wave fluctuations are relevant on the scale of the local interaction parameter U, we find that d-wave fluctuations are pronounced in the energy range of the active subband which crosses the Fermi level. As a result low energy spin and charge fluctuations can transfer the d-wave correlations from the bound states to the low energy quasiparticle bands. Our investigations therefore help to understand the coexistence of stripe correlations and d-wave superconductivity in cuprates.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Model hamiltonians in density functional theory
Creators: name: Gori-Giorgi, Paola
name: Toulouse, Julien
name: Savin, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formalism of Kohn and Sham uses a specific (model) hamiltonian which highly simplifies the many-electron problem to that of noninteracting fermions. The theorem of Hohenberg and Kohn tells us that, for a given ground state density, this hamiltonian is unique. In principle, this density can be chosen as that of the real, interacting system. To obtain the energy, or other properties of the real system, approximations are needed. Working with non interacting fermions is an important simplification, but it may be easier to produce approximations with different choices of the model hamiltonian. The feature that the exact density is (ideally) reproduced can be kept in the newly defined fictitious systems. Using model hamiltonians having the same form as the physical one, that is, being built of one- and two-body operators, allows to approach the physical hamiltonian arbitrarily close, and thus a systematic reduction of the approximations.
description: to appear as a contribution for "High-dimensional Partial Differential Equations in Science and Engineering", CRM series
Helioseismic Modeling of Background Flows
Creators: name: Stejko, Andrey M.
name: Kosovichev, Alexander G.
name: Mansour, Nagi N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a 3-dimensional (3D) numerical solver of the linearized compressible Euler equations (GALE -- Global Acoustic Linearized Euler), used to model acoustic oscillations throughout the solar interior. The governing equations are solved in conservation form on a fully global spherical mesh ($0 \le ϕ\le 2π$, $0 \le θ\le π$, $0 \le r \le R_{\odot}$) over a background state generated by the standard Solar Model S. We implement an efficient pseudo-spectral computational method to calculate the contribution of the compressible material derivative dyad to internal velocity perturbations, computing oscillations over arbitrary 3D background velocity fields. This model offers a foundation for a "forward-modeling" approach, using helioseismology techniques to explore various regimes of internal mass flows. We demonstrate the efficacy of the numerical method presented in this paper by reproducing observed solar power spectra, showing rotational splitting due to differential rotation, and applying local helioseismology techniques to measure travel times created by a simple model of single-cell meridional circulation.
Feasts; Loss of the Kiliwa Language; Concern for Relatives
Creators: name: Espinoza, Braulio
name: Mixco, Mauricio J.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: klb

description: See Kiliwa Texts: "When I have Donned My Crest of Stars" (University of Utah Press, 1983), pp. 136, 193, and 155 for transcription, segmentation, glossing, and translation of these stories, respectively.
Long-range Rydberg-atom-ion molecules of Rb and Cs
Creators: name: Duspayev, A.
name: Han, X.
name: Viray, M. A.
name: Ma, L.
name: Zhao, J.
name: Raithel, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel type of Rydberg dimer, consisting of a Rydberg-state atom bound to a distant positive ion. The molecule is formed through long-range electric-multipole interaction between the Rydberg atom and the point-like ion. We present potential energy curves (PECs) that are asymptotically connected with Rydberg $nP$- or $nD$-states of rubidium or cesium. The PECs exhibit deep, long-range wells which support many vibrational states of Rydberg-atom-ion molecules (RAIMs). We consider photo-association of RAIMs in both the weak and the strong optical-coupling regimes between initial and Rydberg states of the neutral atom. Experimental considerations for the realization of RAIMs are discussed.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Hausdorff dimension, its properties, and its surprises
Creators: name: Schleicher, Dierk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37-02, 37F10, 37F35, 30D05, 54G20, 28A78

description: We review the motivation and fundamental properties of the Hausdorff dimension of metric spaces and illustrate this with a number of examples, some of which are expected and well-known. We also give examples where the Hausdorff dimension has some surprising properties: we construct a set $E\subset\C$ of positive planar measure and with dimension 2 such that each point in $E$ can be joined to $\infty$ by one or several curves in $\C$ such that all curves are disjoint from each other and from $E$, and so that their union has Hausdorff dimension 1. We can even arrange things so that every point in $\C$ which is not on one of these curves is in $E$. These examples have been discovered very recently; they arise quite naturally in the context of complex dynamics, more precisely in the iteration theory of simple maps such as $z\mapsto π\sin(z)$.
description: 28 pages, 4 figures. Minor revision in process of publication
Electrical Control for Extension of Ramsey Spin Coherence Time of Ion-Implanted Nitrogen Vacancy Centers in diamond
Creators: name: Kobayashi, S.
name: Matsuzaki, Y.
name: Morishita, H.
name: Miwa, S.
name: Suzuki, Y.
name: Fujiwara, M.
name: Mizuochi, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extension of the spin coherence times is a crucial issue for quantum information and quantum sensing. In solid state systems, suppressing noises with various techniques have been demonstrated. On the other hand, an electrical control for suppression is important toward individual controls of on-chip quantum information devices. Here we show the electrical control for extension of the spin coherence times of 40 nm-deep ion-implanted single nitrogen vacancy center spins in diamond by suppressing magnetic noises. We applied 120 V DC across two contacts spaced by 10 micrometers. The spin coherence times, estimated from a free-induction-decay and a Hahn-echo decay, were increased up to about 10 times (reaching 10 microseconds) and 1.4 times (reaching 150 microseconds), respectively. From the quantitative analysis, the dominant decoherence source depending on the applied static electric field was elucidated. The electrical control for extension can deliver a sensitivity enhancement to the DC sensing of temperature, pressure and electric (but not magnetic) fields, opening a new technique in solid-state quantum information devices.
Reprogrammable plasmonic topological insulators with ultrafast control
Creators: name: You, Jian Wei
name: Ma, Qian
name: Lan, Zhihao
name: Xiao, Qiang
name: Panoiu, Nicolae C.
name: Cui, Tie Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological photonics has revolutionized our understanding of light propagation, but most of current studies are focused on designing a static photonic structure. Developing a dynamic photonic topological platform to switch multiple topological functionalities at ultrafast speed is still a great challenge. Here we demonstrate an ultrafast reprogrammable plasmonic topological insulator, where the topological propagation route can be dynamically steered at nanosecond-level switching time, namely more than 10^7 times faster than the current state-of-the-art. This orders-of-magnitude improvement is achieved by using ultrafast electronic switches in an innovative way to implement the programmability. Due to the flexible programmability, many existing photonic topological functionalities can be integrated into this agile topological platform. Our work brings the current studies of photonic topological insulators to a digital and intelligent era, which could boost the development of intelligent and ultrafast photoelectric devices with built-in topological protection.
RV-GAN: Segmenting Retinal Vascular Structure in Fundus Photographs using a Novel Multi-scale Generative Adversarial Network
Creators: name: Kamran, Sharif Amit
name: Hossain, Khondker Fariha
name: Tavakkoli, Alireza
name: Zuckerbrod, Stewart Lee
name: Sanders, Kenton M.
name: Baker, Salah A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: High fidelity segmentation of both macro and microvascular structure of the retina plays a pivotal role in determining degenerative retinal diseases, yet it is a difficult problem. Due to successive resolution loss in the encoding phase combined with the inability to recover this lost information in the decoding phase, autoencoding based segmentation approaches are limited in their ability to extract retinal microvascular structure. We propose RV-GAN, a new multi-scale generative architecture for accurate retinal vessel segmentation to alleviate this. The proposed architecture uses two generators and two multi-scale autoencoding discriminators for better microvessel localization and segmentation. In order to avoid the loss of fidelity suffered by traditional GAN-based segmentation systems, we introduce a novel weighted feature matching loss. This new loss incorporates and prioritizes features from the discriminator's decoder over the encoder. Doing so combined with the fact that the discriminator's decoder attempts to determine real or fake images at the pixel level better preserves macro and microvascular structure. By combining reconstruction and weighted feature matching loss, the proposed architecture achieves an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9887, 0.9914, and 0.9887 in pixel-wise segmentation of retinal vasculature from three publicly available datasets, namely DRIVE, CHASE-DB1, and STARE, respectively. Additionally, RV-GAN outperforms other architectures in two additional relevant metrics, mean intersection-over-union (Mean-IOU) and structural similarity measure (SSIM).
description: Accepted to MICCAI2021
Structure and Kinematics of the Interstellar Medium in the Star-Forming Region in the BCD Galaxy VIIZw403 (UGC6456)
Creators: name: Lozinskaya, T. A.
name: Moiseev, A. V.
name: Avdeev, V. Yu.
name: Egorov, O. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure and kinematics of ionized gas in the star-forming region in the BCD galaxy VIIZw403 (UGC6456) are analyzed using observations with the SCORPIO focal reducer on the 6-m Special Astrophysical Observatory telescope in three modes: direct imaging (in the H-alpha, [OIII], and [SII] lines), long-slit spectroscopy, and spectroscopy with a scanning Fabry-Perot interferometer. In addition to the previously known bright HII regions and the faint giant ring that surrounds the entire star-forming region, many new faint diffuse and arc structures have been detected. Fine structure of the giant ring has been revealed. We do not confirm the previously detected expansion of the bright shells around young stellar associations with a velocity of 50-70 km/s. We have estimated their expansion velocities to be no higher than 15-20 km/s; the corresponding kinematic age, no younger than 3-4 Myr, agrees well with the age of the compact OB associations related to them. We associate the faint extended filamentary and diffuse regions of ionized gas identified in nearly the entire central region of the galaxy and the giant HII ring with the older (10 Myr) stellar population of the most recent starburst. Weak high-velocity [OIII] and H-alpha line wings (up to 300 km/s from the line center) have been detected in the brightest HII region. Such velocities have been observed in the galaxy for the first time. The previously published H-alpha luminosity measurements for the galaxy are refined.
description: to appear in Astronomy Letters, 13 pages, 6 postscript figures, 1 in colour
La fiction storica nella TV italiana. Il caso de Gli anni spezzati.
Creators: name: Salerno, Daniele
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Cagliari
Year: 2015
Subjects: Storia; Gli anni spezzati; Padre; Anni di piombo; Fiction; TV

description: La storia italiana contemporanea è una delle principali fonti di ispirazione per la produzione di serie televisive in Italia, con una particolare attenzione dedicata agli anni settanta. L’obiettivo dell’articolo è analizzare un caso specifico e controverso: la serie televisiva Gli anni spezzati. La fiction racconta la storia del commissario Luigi Calabresi, dei giudici Mario Sossi e Francesco Coco e dell’ingegnere Giorgio Venuti. Analizzando la serie da una prospettiva semiotica e narratologica, l’articolo sostiene che ne Gli anni spezzati  prenda forma una visione della storia e degli anni settanta come segnati dalla crisi del padre, la cui figura è impersonata dai quattro protagonisti. La fiction rappresenta, e realizza nell’epilogo, la ricerca e il desiderio di ritorno del padre come necessario alla chiusura di un periodo storico segnato da disordine e sofferenza. L’ipotesi viene supportata da una analisi della letteratura accademica sulla rappresentazione degli anni settanta nel contesto italiano. In questo senso, l’articolo propone un superamento del modello interpretativo edipico che è stato finora predominante nell’analisi delle rappresentazioni dei cosiddetti anni di piombo.
description: Between, Vol 5, N° 10 (2015): L’immaginario politico. Impegno, resistenza, ideologia
Fatti, politica, fantasia. L’impegno narrativo contemporaneo attraverso due casi di studio: Presente e Piove all’insù.
Creators: name: Tirinanzi De Medici, Carlo
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Cagliari
Year: 2015
Subjects: Rastello; Vasta; Murgia; Nori; Bajani; Non fiction; romanzo; Anni Zero; Walter Benjamin; Diario; Anni di piombo; Impegno

description: Il saggio affronta due modalità di scrittura contemporanee che si sono prestate ad un uso impegnato, politico-civile: le forme a bassa finzionalità e quelle romanzesche. Dopo un'analisi teorica che parte da Benjamin e cerca d'identificare le recenti perturbazioni nel sistema narrativo, il saggio affronta il diario a otto mani "Presente" rilevando come l'aderenza ai fatti sia progressivamente messa in discussione in favore di uno spunto creativo - antirealistico che mette in crisi le strategie veridittive della forma-diario come mezzo per descrivere l'attualità. Il secondo libro in analisi è il romanzo "Piove all'insù", di cui si sottolinea la distanza da altre narrative "storiche" o "metastoriche", e dai vari "romanzi della memoria" diffusi in tempo recente, sottolneando come al centro del libro di Rastello ci sia una spinta utopistica, decisamente anti-fattuale, alla base della volontà di azione politica. Le conclusioni rilevano come entrambe queste forme, pur così diverse, non ritengono possibile agire sullo stato di cose – impegnarsi – senza utilizzare la carica figurale tipica della letteratura.
description: Between, Vol 5, N° 10 (2015): L’immaginario politico. Impegno, resistenza, ideologia
Commune fishpond (公社鱼塘)
Creators: name: Dong Zhengyi 董正谊
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agricultural productivity
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/801250
subject: Peasants
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1734394
subject: Fish culture
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/926017
subject: Fishing
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/926650
subject: Fish-farming
subject: Hu County Peasant Painting
subject: Village Life

description: Created by a Hu County peasant, Dong Zhengyi 董正谊. Price: 11 fen
Parameter-tuning Networks: Experiments and Active Walk Model
Creators: name: Han, Xiao-Pu
name: Hu, Chun-Dong
name: Liu, Zhi-Min
name: Wang, Bing-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tuning process of a large apparatus of many components could be represented and quantified by constructing parameter-tuning networks. The experimental tuning of the ion source of the neutral beam injector of HT-7 Tokamak is presented as an example. Stretched-exponential cumulative degree distributions are found in the parameter-tuning networks. An active walk model with eight walkers is constructed. Each active walker is a particle moving with friction in an energy landscape; the landscape is modified by the collective action of all the walkers. Numerical simulations show that the parameter-tuning networks generated by the model also give stretched exponential functions, in good agreement with experiments. Our methods provide a new way and a new insight to understand the action of humans in the parameter-tuning of experimental processes, is helpful for experimental research and other optimization problems.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Higher-derivative gravity in brane world models
Creators: name: Parry, M.
name: Pichler, S.
name: Deeg, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate brane world models in higher-derivative gravity theories where the gravitational Lagrangian is an arbitrary function of the Ricci scalar. Making use of the conformal equivalence of such gravity models and Einstein-Hilbert gravity with a scalar field, we deduce the main features of higher-derivative gravity brane worlds. We solve for a gravity model that has corrections quadratic in the Ricci scalar and show one can evade both fine-tuning and the need for a bulk cosmological constant. An analysis of tensor and scalar perturbations shows gravity is localized on the brane and we recover the Newtonian limit.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Multi-Higgs Mass Spectrum in Gauge-Higgs Unification
Creators: name: Kojima, Kentaro
name: Takenaga, Kazunori
name: Yamashita, Toshifumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an SU(2) supersymmetric gauge model in a framework of gauge-Higgs unification. Multi-Higgs spectrum appears in the model at low energy. We develop a useful perturbative approximation scheme for evaluating effective potential to study the multi-Higgs mass spectrum. We find that both tree-massless and massive Higgs scalars obtain mass corrections of similar size from finite parts of the loop effects. The corrections modify multi-Higgs mass spectrum, and hence, the loop effects are significant in view of future verifications of the gauge-Higgs unification scenario in high-energy experiments.
description: 32 pages; typos corrected and a few comments added, published version