cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Classification of magnetized star--planet interactions: bow shocks, tails, and inspiraling flows
Creators: name: Matsakos, Titos
name: Uribe, Ana
name: Königl, Arieh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Close-in exoplanets interact with their host stars gravitationally as well as via their magnetized plasma outflows. The rich dynamics that arises may result in distinct observable features. Our objective is to study and classify the morphology of the different types of interaction that can take place between a giant close-in planet (a Hot Jupiter) and its host star, based on the physical parameters that characterize the system. We perform 3D magnetohydrodynamic numerical simulations to model the star--planet interaction, incorporating a star, a Hot Jupiter, and realistic stellar and planetary outflows. We explore a wide range of parameters and analyze the flow structures and magnetic topologies that develop. Our study suggests the classification of star--planet interactions into four general types, based on the relative magnitudes of three characteristic length scales that quantify the effects of the planetary magnetic field, the planetary outflow, and the stellar gravitational field in the interaction region. We describe the dynamics of these interactions and the flow structures that they give rise to, which include bow shocks, cometary-type tails, and inspiraling accretion streams. We point out the distinguishing features of each of the classified cases and discuss some of their observationally relevant properties. The magnetized interactions of star--planet systems can be categorized, and their general morphologies predicted, based on a set of basic stellar, planetary, and orbital parameters.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Supplementary figure 1 from Letting the ‘cat’ out of the bag: pouch young development of the extinct Tasmanian tiger revealed by X-ray computed tomography
Creators: name: Newton, Axel H.
name: Frantisek Spoutil
name: Prochazka, Jan
name: Black, Jay R.
name: Medlock, Kathryn
name: Paddle, Robert N.
name: Marketa Knitlova
name: Hipsley, Christy A.
name: Pask, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: Developmental Biology

description: 3D surface model of 1.5 week old DZCU8021.
On the Inertia Conjecture and its generalizations
Creators: name: Das, Soumyadip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11S15, 14H30 (Primary) 13B05, 14G17 (Secondary)

description: Studying two point branched Galois covers of the projective line we prove the Inertia Conjecture for the Alternating groups $A_{p+1}$, $A_{p+3}$, $A_{p+4}$ for any odd prime $p \equiv 2 \pmod{3}$ and for the group $A_{p+5}$ when additionally $4 \nmid (p+1)$ and $p \geq 17$. We obtain a generalization of a patching result by Raynaud which reduces these proofs to showing the realizations of the étale Galois covers of the affine line with a fewer candidates for the inertia groups above $\infty$. We also pose a general question motivated by the Inertia Conjecture and obtain some affirmative results. A special case of this question, which we call the Generalized Purely Wild Inertia Conjecture, is shown to be true for the groups for which the purely wild part of the Inertia Conjecture is already established. In particular, we show that if this generalized conjecture is true for the groups $G_1$ and $G_2$ which do not have a common quotient, then the conjecture is also true for the product $G_1 \times G_2$.
description: 25 pages
Code 1-r script for respiration data-classification of diapausing and non-dipausing pupae.pdf from Rapid brain development and reduced neuromodulator titres correlate with host shifts in Rhagoletis pomonella
Creators: name: Kharva, Hinal
name: Feder, Jeffrey L.
name: Hahn, Daniel A.
name: Olsson, Shannon B.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Host shifts are considered a key generator of insect biodiversity. For insects, adaptation to new host plants often requires changes in larval/pupal development and behavioural preference toward new hosts. Neurochemicals play key roles in both development and adult behaviour and therefore provide a potential source for such synchronization. Here, we correlated life-history timing, brain development and corresponding levels of 14 neurochemicals in Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae), a species undergoing ecological speciation through an ongoing host shift from hawthorn to apple fruit. These races exhibit differences in pupal diapause timing as well as adult behavioural preference with respect to their hosts. This difference in behavioural preference is coupled with differences in neurophysiological response to host volatiles. We found that apple race pupae exhibited adult brain morphogenesis three weeks faster after an identical simulated winter than the hawthorn race, which correlated with significantly lower titres of several neurochemicals. In some cases, particularly biogenic amines, differences in titres were reflected in the mature adult stage, when host preference is exhibited. In summary, life-history timing, neurochemical titre and brain development can be coupled in this speciating system, providing new hypotheses for the origins of new species through host shifts.
Usefulness of hexamethylenetetramine in combination with chemotherapy using free and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in vivo, referring to the effect on quiescent cells
Creators: name: Nakamura, Jun
name: Watanabe, Masami
name: Tano, Keizo
name: Kashino, Genro
name: Kinashi, Yuko
name: Liu, Yong
name: Suzuki, Minoru
name: Kono, Kenji
name: Ono, Koji
name: Masunaga, Shin Ichiro
name: Yoshida, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: SCC VII tumor-bearing mice were continuously given 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) to label all intratumor proliferating (P) cells. They received hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) either once intraperitoneally or continuously subcutaneously together with chemotherapy using intraperitoneally administered free doxorubicin (DXR) or intravenously injected pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD). One hour after the free DXR loading or 24 h after the PLD loading, the response of intratumor quiescent (Q) cells was assessed in terms of the micronucleus frequency using immunofluorescence staining for BrdU. The response of the total (P + Q) tumor cell population was determined from the tumors not treated with BrdU. Encapsulation of DXR into pegylated liposomes significantly enhanced cytotoxicity, especially in Q cells. HMTA, especially when administered continuously, efficiently increased the sensitivity to DXR, particularly in Q cells. The increase in sensitivity on the continuous rather than single administration of HMTA was a little clearer in the total cell population than in Q cells. DXR's encapsulation into pegylated liposomes and combination with HMTA, particularly when administered continuously, apparently reduced the difference in sensitivity to free DXR between the total and Q cell populations. In terms of the tumor cell-killing effect as a whole, including Q cells, the encapsulation of DXR into pegylated liposomes and combination with HMTA, particularly through continuous administration, are very promising, taking into account that HMTA has been used clinically.
Code 4- r script for neurotransmitter data.pdf from Rapid brain development and reduced neuromodulator titres correlate with host shifts in Rhagoletis pomonella
Creators: name: Kharva, Hinal
name: Feder, Jeffrey L.
name: Hahn, Daniel A.
name: Olsson, Shannon B.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Host shifts are considered a key generator of insect biodiversity. For insects, adaptation to new host plants often requires changes in larval/pupal development and behavioural preference toward new hosts. Neurochemicals play key roles in both development and adult behaviour and therefore provide a potential source for such synchronization. Here, we correlated life-history timing, brain development and corresponding levels of 14 neurochemicals in Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae), a species undergoing ecological speciation through an ongoing host shift from hawthorn to apple fruit. These races exhibit differences in pupal diapause timing as well as adult behavioural preference with respect to their hosts. This difference in behavioural preference is coupled with differences in neurophysiological response to host volatiles. We found that apple race pupae exhibited adult brain morphogenesis three weeks faster after an identical simulated winter than the hawthorn race, which correlated with significantly lower titres of several neurochemicals. In some cases, particularly biogenic amines, differences in titres were reflected in the mature adult stage, when host preference is exhibited. In summary, life-history timing, neurochemical titre and brain development can be coupled in this speciating system, providing new hypotheses for the origins of new species through host shifts.
Polyharmonic inequalities with nonlocal terms
Creators: name: Ghergu, Marius
name: Miyamoto, Yasuhito
name: Moroz, Vitaly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the existence and non-existence of classical solutions for inequalities of type $$ \pm Δ^m u \geq \big(Ψ(|x|)*u^p\big)u^q \quad\mbox{ in } {\mathbb R}^N (N\geq 1). $$ Here, $Δ^m$ $(m\geq 1)$ is the polyharmonic operator, $p, q>0$ and $*$ denotes the convolution operator, where $Ψ>0$ is a continuous non-increasing function. We devise new methods to deduce that solutions of the above inequalities satisfy the poly-superharmonic property. This further allows us to obtain various Liouville type results. Our study is also extended to the case of systems of simultaneous inequalities.
Cooling of a one-dimensional Bose gas
Creators: name: Rauer, Bernhard
name: Grišins, Pjotrs
name: Mazets, Igor E.
name: Schweigler, Thomas
name: Rohringer, Wolfgang
name: Geiger, Remi
name: Langen, Tim
name: Schmiedmayer, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally study the dynamics of a degenerate one-dimensional Bose gas that is subject to a continuous outcoupling of atoms. Although standard evaporative cooling is rendered ineffective by the absence of thermalizing collisions in this system, we observe substantial cooling. This cooling proceeds through homogeneous particle dissipation and many-body dephasing, enabling the preparation of otherwise unexpectedly low temperatures. Our observations establish a scaling relation between temperature and particle number, and provide insights into equilibration in the quantum world.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Supplementary Analysis from Personality and the collective: bold homing pigeons occupy higher leadership ranks in flocks.
Creators: name: Sasaki, Takao
name: Mann, Richard P.
name: Warren, Katherine N.
name: Herbert, Tristian
name: Wilson, Tara
name: Biro, Dora
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Supplementary analysis and results
Time reversals of irreversible quantum maps
Creators: name: Aurell, Erik
name: Zakrzewski, Jakub
name: Życzkowski, Karol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the notion of time reversal in open quantum systems as represented by linear quantum operations, and a related generalization of classical entropy production in the environment. This functional is the ratio of the probability to observe a transition between two states under the forward and the time reversed dynamics, and leads, as in the classical case, to fluctuation relations as tautological identities. As in classical dynamics in contact with a heat bath, time reversal is not unique, and we discuss several possibilities. For any bistochastic map its dual map preserves the trace and describes a legitimate dynamics reversed in time, in that case the entropy production in the environment vanishes. For a generic stochastic map we construct a simple quantum operation which can be interpreted as a time reversal. For instance, the decaying channel, which sends the excited state into the ground state with a certain probability, can be reversed into the channel transforming the ground state into the excited state with the same probability.
description: small changes references added
Involvement of ROS in the inhibitory effect of thermotherapy combined with chemotherapy on A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cell growth through the Akt pathway
Creators: name: Wu, Yongjun
name: Wang, Lin
name: Wu, Yiming
name: Liu, Xinkui
name: Wu, Weidong
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Mechanisms of synergistic effect of thermotherapy and chemotherapy on human lung adenocarcinoma cell growth are unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate these effects and explore the function of ROS, Akt and caspase-3 in relation to these. A549 cells were subjected to different thermochemotherapy treatments: 43°C heat + 50 μg/l paclitaxel (thermochemotherapy group), 43°C heat + 50 μg/l paclitaxel + 1 μmol/l wortmannin (wortmannin group), 43°C heat + 50 μg/l paclitaxel + 30 μmol/l NAC (NAC group) and 50 μg/l paclitaxel (chemotherapy group). The cells without any treatment were regarded as controls. Cell proliferation rates were measured with MTT assay and intracellular ROS levels were detected with fluorescence labeling technologies. Phosphorylation of Akt and caspase-3 expression were determined by western blotting and the cell apoptosis rates were examined by flow cytometry. Tests in vivo were carried out at the same time. It was found that the cell proliferation rates of the thermochemotherapy group were significantly lower compared to those of the controls or the chemotherapy group (P<0.05). The intracellular ROS levels of the thermochemotherapy group were elevated significantly compared with those of other groups, and these changes could be reversed using the ROS inhibitor NAC but not a PI3K inhibitor (wortmannin). Phosphorylation of Akt was significantly decreased in the thermochemotherapy group (P<0.05), which could be blocked by wortmannin, but increased by NAC (P<0.05). The caspase-3 expression levels and cell apoptosis rates of the thermochemotherapy group were higher compared to those of the other groups (P<0.05). All results have been confirmed by in vivo tests. Thus, the combination of thermotherapy with chemotherapy showed a stronger inhibitory effect on A549 cell growth compared to chemotherapy alone, which may be able to cause additional cell apoptosis through inhibition of Akt phosphorylation and activation of caspases by increased intracellular ROS production.
(2632) Josephine M Richardson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The newly synthesized 2-(3-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-6,7-methylenedioxyquinolin-4-one triggers cell apoptosis through induction of oxidative stress and upregulation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway in HL-60 human leukemia cells
Creators: name: Chung, Jing Gung
name: Chien, Hsi Cheng
name: Liaw, Chih Chuang
name: Huang, Li Jiau
name: Tsai, Shih Chang
name: Lu, Chi Cheng
name: Kuo, Sheng Chu
name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
name: Cheng, Yung Yi
name: Yang, Jai Sing
name: Tsuzuki, Minoru
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The aim of the present study was to discover the signaling pathways associated             with 2-(3-hydroxy-5-methoxy-phenyl)-6,7-methylenedioxyquinolin-4-one (YYK1)-induced             apoptosis in HL-60 human leukemia cells. YYK1 induced cytotoxic effects, cell             morphological changes, decreased the cell number and increased reactive oxygen             species (ROS) production and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) in             HL-60 cells. YYK1-induced apoptosis was confirmed by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl             transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. Results from colorimetric             assays and western blot analysis indicated that activities of caspase-7/-3, caspase-8             and caspase-9 were increased in YYK1-treated HL-60 cells. Western blot analysis             showed that the protein levels of extrinsic apoptotic proteins (Fas/CD95, FasL             and FADD), intrinsic related proteins (cytochrome c, Apaf-1, AIF and Endo G),             the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and phosphorylated p38 MAPK were increased in HL-60 cells             after YYK1 treatment. Cell apoptosis was significantly reduced after pre-treatment             with N-acetylcysteine (NAC; a ROS scavenger) or diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI;             a NADPH oxidase inhibitor). Blockage of p38 MAPK signaling by SB202190 abolished             YYK1-induced Fas/CD95 upregulation and apoptosis in HL-60 cells. We conclude that             YYK1 induces both of extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways via ROS-mediated             activation of p38 MAPK signaling in HL-60 human leukemia cells in vitro.
How one can repair non-integrable Kahan discretizations
Creators: name: Petrera, Matteo
name: Suris, Yuri B.
name: Zander, René
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kahan discretization is applicable to any system of ordinary differential equations on $\mathbb R^n$ with a quadratic vector field, $\dot{x}=f(x)=Q(x)+Bx+c$, and produces a birational map $x\mapsto \widetilde{x}$ according to the formula $(\widetilde{x}-x)/ε=Q(x,\widetilde{x})+B(x+\widetilde{x})/2+c$, where $Q(x,\widetilde{x})$ is the symmetric bilinear form corresponding to the quadratic form $Q(x)$. When applied to integrable systems, Kahan discretization preserves integrability much more frequently than one would expect a priori, however not always. We show that in some cases where the original recipe fails to preserve integrability, one can adjust coefficients of the Kahan discretization to ensure its integrability.
description: 6 pp
title: Towards the Blockchain Massive Adoption with Permissionless Storage
Creators: name: Kan, Jia
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2024

description: Blockchain technology emerged with the advent of Bitcoin and rapidly developed over the past few decades, becoming widely accepted and known by the public. However, in the past decades, the massive adoption of blockchain technology has yet to come. Rather than the scalability issue, the blockchain application is challenged by its expensive usage cost. However, the high cost of blockchain usage is deeply connected with the blockchain consensus and security mechanism. The permissionless blockchain must maintain its high cost for security against the 51% Attack. Chain users indirectly cover the cost as coins are appointed for blockchain usage fees. This conflict prevents the massive adoption of blockchain. Thus, blockchain must be improved to solve those problems: 1. The cost of blockchain usage should be low enough. 2. The blockchain should remain decentralized. 3. The scalability of blockchain must meet the demand. 

In my thesis, new approaches are applied to solve the issues above. The key contribution is the discovery of the useful PoW. It extends the Nakamoto PoW with another usage of file data encoding during the same Nakamoto Consensus computation to prove honest data preservation. Based on this theory, a permissionless storage network is proposed as the new security engine for the blockchain. It bridges the high blockchain security cost to the storage users with real demands who are willing to pay for the storage resource. On the other hand, the chain users can benefit from the low transaction fee. Meanwhile, we also provide a scalability solution to shard the blockchain. It enables high TPS and keeps decentralization. The solutions in this thesis provide the answers to all the dependencies of the massive adoption.
Hexabundles: imaging fiber arrays for low-light astronomical applications
Creators: name: Croom, Scott
name: Haynes, Roger
name: Bland-Hawthorn, Joss
name: Noordegraaf, Danny
name: Skovgaard, Peter
name: O'Byrne, John
name: Ellis, Simon
name: Maack, Martin
name: Gillingham, Peter
name: Robertson, Gordon
name: Cecil, Gerald
name: Bryant, Julia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: We demonstrate a novel imaging fiber bundle ("hexabundle") that is suitable for low-light applications in astronomy. The most successful survey instruments at optical-infrared wavelengths use hundreds to thousands of multimode fibers fed to one or more spectrographs. Since most celestial sources are spatially extended on the celestial sphere, a hexabundle provides spectroscopic information at many distinct locations across the source. We discuss two varieties of hexabundles: (i) lightly fused, closely packed, circular cores; (ii) heavily fused non-circular cores with higher fill fractions. In both cases, we find the important result that the cladding can be reduced to ~2 μm over the short fuse length, well below the conventional ~10λ thickness employed more generally, with a consequent gain in fill factor. Over the coming decade, it is to be expected that fiber-based instruments will be upgraded with hexabundles in order to increase the spatial multiplex capability by two or more orders of magnitude.
Supplementary document from Personality and the collective: bold homing pigeons occupy higher leadership ranks in flocks.
Creators: name: Sasaki, Takao
name: Mann, Richard P.
name: Warren, Katherine N.
name: Herbert, Tristian
name: Wilson, Tara
name: Biro, Dora
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Supplementary methods and results
Dynamic brain spectrum acquired by a real-time ultra-spectral imaging chip with reconfigurable metasurfaces
Creators: name: Xiong, Jian
name: Cai, Xusheng
name: Cui, Kaiyu
name: Huang, Yidong
name: Yang, Jiawei
name: Zhu, Hongbo
name: Li, Wenzheng
name: Hong, Bo
name: Rao, Shijie
name: Zheng, Zekun
name: Xu, Sheng
name: He, Yuhan
name: Liu, Fang
name: Feng, Xue
name: Zhang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Spectral imaging paves way for various fields and particular in biomedical research. However, spectral imaging mainly depending on spatial or temporal scanning, cannot achieve high temporal, spatial and spectral resolution simultaneously. In this study, we demonstrated a silicon real-time ultra-spectral imaging chip based on reconfigurable metasurfaces, comprising of 155,216 (356$\times$436) image-adaptive micro-spectrometers with ultra-high center-wavelength accuracy of 0.04 nm and spectral resolution of 0.8 nm. It is employed for imaging brain hemodynamics, and the dynamic spectral absorption properties of deoxyhemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin in a rat barrel cortex were obtained, which enlighten the spectroscopy in vivo studies and other real-time applications.
Bourgain algebras on the unit disk
Creators: name: Cima, Joseph A.
name: Stroethoff, Karel
name: Yale, Keith
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: The Bourgain algebra of H∞(D) relative to L∞(D) is shown to be H∞(D)+ C(D)+ V, where V is an ideal of functions in L∞(D) which vanish in an appropriate sense near the boundary of D.
On the distribution of $αp$ modulo one in quadratic number fields
Creators: name: Baier, Stephan
name: Mazumder, Dwaipayan
name: Technau, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11J17, 11J71, 11N35, 11N36, 11L20, 11L07, 11K60

description: We investigate the distribution of $αp$ modulo one in quadratic number fields $\mathbb{K}$ with class number one, where $p$ is restricted to prime elements in the ring of integers of $\mathbb{K}$. Here we improve the relevant exponent $1/4$ obtained by the first and third named authors for imaginary quadratic number fields \cite{BT} and by the first and second named authors for real quadratic number fields \cite{BM} to $7/22$. This generalizes a result of Harman \cite{HarZi} who obtained the same exponent $7/22$ for $\mathbb{Q}(i)$ by extending his method which gave this exponent for $\mathbb{Q}$ \cite{harman1996on-the-distribu}. Our proof is based on an extension of his sieve method to arbitrary number fields. Moreover, we need an asymptotic evaluation of certain smooth sums over prime ideals appearing in \cite{BM}, for which we use analytic properties of Hecke L-functions with Größencharacters.
description: 39 pages
Even and odd instanton bundles on Fano threefolds
Creators: name: Antonelli, Vincenzo
name: Casnati, Gianfranco
name: Genc, Ozhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 14D21. Secondary: 14J30, 14J45, 14J60, 14F08

description: We define non-ordinary instanton bundles on Fano threefolds $X$ extending the notion of (ordinary) instanton bundles. We determine a lower bound for the quantum number of a non-ordinary instanton bundle, i.e. the degree of its second Chern class, showing the existence of such bundles for each admissible value of the quantum number when $i_X\ge 2$ or $i_X=1$, $\mathrm{Pic}(X)$ is cyclic and $X$ is ordinary. In these cases we deal with the component inside the moduli spaces of simple bundles containing the vector bundles we construct and we study their restriction to lines. Finally we give a monadic description of non-ordinary instanton bundles on $\mathbb{P}^3$ and the smooth quadric studying their loci of jumping lines, when of the expected codimension.
description: 34 pages. Minor changes. The final version will appear in The Asian Journal of Mathematics
К ВОПРОСУ ОБ ИСПОЛНЕНИИ РЕШЕНИЙ ЕВРОПЕЙСКОГО СУДА ПО ПРАВАМ ЧЕЛОВЕКА В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
Creators: name: КУЧЕНИН ЕВГЕНИЙ СЕРГЕЕВИЧ
name: СОЛОДОВНИКОВА АНАСТАСИЯ АЛЕКСЕЕВНА
Publisher: name: Государственная служба и кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: КОНВЕНЦИЯ О ЗАЩИТЕ ПРАВ ЧЕЛОВЕКА И ОСНОВНЫХ СВОБОД
ЕВРОПЕЙСКИЙ СУД ПО ПРАВАМ ЧЕЛОВЕКА
КОНСТИТУЦИОННЫЙ СУД РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
КОНВЕНЦИОННО-КОНСТИТУЦИОННЫЕ КОЛЛИЗИИ
ПРИНЦИП СУБСИДИАРНОСТИ
CONVENTION FOR THE PROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND FUNDAMENTAL FREEDOMS
EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS
CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
CONVENTION AND CONSTITUTIONAL CONFLICTS
PRINCIPLE OF SUBSIDIARITY

description: Рассмотрены проблемы, связанные с невозможностью исполнения отдельных решений Европейского Суда по правам человека; определены причины коллизий, возникающих между постановлениями Европейского Суда по правам человека и Конституционного Суда Российской Федерации; проведен взаимосвязанный анализ правовых позиций Европейского Суда по правам человека и Конституционного Суда РФ.The problems related to the inability to execute individual decisions of the European Court of Human rights have been considered, the causes of conflicts arising between the decisions of the ECHR and the constitutional court of the Russian Federation are identified, and an interrelated analysis of the legal positions of the European Court of Human rights and the constitutional court of the Russian Federation has been carried out.
A New Fundamental Evidence of Non-Classical Structure in the Combination of Natural Concepts
Creators: name: Aerts, Diederik
name: Sozzo, Sandro
name: Veloz, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We recently performed cognitive experiments on conjunctions and negations of two concepts with the aim of investigating the combination problem of concepts. Our experiments confirmed the deviations (conceptual vagueness, underextension, overextension, etc.) from the rules of classical (fuzzy) logic and probability theory observed by several scholars in concept theory, while our data were successfully modeled in a quantum-theoretic framework developed by ourselves. In this paper, we isolate a new, very stable and systematic pattern of violation of classicality that occurs in concept combinations. In addition, the strength and regularity of this non-classical effect leads us to believe that it occurs at a more fundamental level than the deviations observed up to now. It is our opinion that we have identified a deep non-classical mechanism determining not only how concepts are combined but, rather, how they are formed. We show that this effect can be faithfully modeled in a two-sector Fock space structure, and that it can be exactly explained by assuming that human thought is the supersposition of two processes, a 'logical reasoning', guided by 'logic', and a 'conceptual reasoning' guided by 'emergence', and that the latter generally prevails over the former. All these findings provide a new fundamental support to our quantum-theoretic approach to human cognition.
description: 14 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1503.04260
(2626) William North
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Review of Stauffer, Andrew M.. Book Traces: Nineteenth-Century Readers and the Future of the Library
Creators: name: Hovde, Sarah
Publisher: name: Bibliographical Society of America
Year: 2022
Subjects: Book reviews
Books and reading--19th century
Collection management (Libraries)

description: Review of Andrew M. Stauffer. Book Traces: Nineteenth-Century Readers and the Future of the Library. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2021.
Local Manipulation of Polar Skyrmions and Topological Phase Transitions
Creators: name: Zhou, Linming
name: Wu, Yongjun
name: Das, Sujit
name: Tang, Yunlong
name: Li, Cheng
name: Huang, Yuhui
name: Tian, He
name: Chen, Long-Qing
name: Ramesh, Ramamoorthy
name: Hong, Zijian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological phases such as polar skyrmions have been a fertile playground for ferroelectric oxide superlattices, with exotic physical phenomena such as negative capacitance. Herein, using phase-field simulations, we demonstrate the local control of the skyrmion phase with electric potential applied through a top electrode. Under a relatively small electric potential, the skyrmions underneath the electrode can be erased and recovered reversibly. A topologically protected transition from the symmetric to asymmetric skyrmion bubbles is observed at the edge of the electrode. While a topological transition to a labyrinthine domain requires a high applied potential, it can switch back to the skyrmion state with a relatively small electric potential. The topological transition from +1 to 0 occurs before the full destruction of the bubble state. It is shown that the shrinking and bursting of the skyrmions leads to a large reduction in the dielectric permittivity, the magnitude of which depends on the size of the electrode.
description: 17 Pages 4 figures
Supplementary Analysis from Personality and the collective: bold homing pigeons occupy higher leadership ranks in flocks
Creators: name: Sasaki, Takao
name: Mann, Richard P.
name: Warren, Katherine N.
name: Herbert, Tristian
name: Wilson, Tara
name: Biro, Dora
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Supplementary analysis and results
The Schrödinger equation on spheres
Creators: name: Taylor, Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: It is shown that the fundamental solution to the Schrödinger equation on a d-dimensional sphere has an explicit description at times that are rational multiples of π. This leads to sharp Lpestimates on the solution operator at those times. Analogous, though less explicit, results are obtained when spheres are replaced by Zoll manifolds, and when potentials are added.
Deterministic noiseless amplification of coherent states
Creators: name: Hu, M. J.
name: Zhang, Y. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A universal deterministic noiseless quantum amplifier has been shown to be impossible. However, probabilistic noiseless amplification of a certain set of states is physically permissible. Regarding quantum state amplification as quantum state transformation, we show that deterministic noiseless amplification of coherent states chosen from a proper set is possible. The relation between input coherent states and gain of amplification for deterministic noiseless amplification is thus derived. Besides, the potential applications of amplification of coherent states in quantum key distribution (QKD), noisy channel and non-ideal detection are also discussed.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Code 2-r script for respiration data.pdf from Rapid brain development and reduced neuromodulator titres correlate with host shifts in Rhagoletis pomonella
Creators: name: Kharva, Hinal
name: Feder, Jeffrey L.
name: Hahn, Daniel A.
name: Olsson, Shannon B.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Host shifts are considered a key generator of insect biodiversity. For insects, adaptation to new host plants often requires changes in larval/pupal development and behavioural preference toward new hosts. Neurochemicals play key roles in both development and adult behaviour and therefore provide a potential source for such synchronization. Here, we correlated life-history timing, brain development and corresponding levels of 14 neurochemicals in Rhagoletis pomonella (Diptera: Tephritidae), a species undergoing ecological speciation through an ongoing host shift from hawthorn to apple fruit. These races exhibit differences in pupal diapause timing as well as adult behavioural preference with respect to their hosts. This difference in behavioural preference is coupled with differences in neurophysiological response to host volatiles. We found that apple race pupae exhibited adult brain morphogenesis three weeks faster after an identical simulated winter than the hawthorn race, which correlated with significantly lower titres of several neurochemicals. In some cases, particularly biogenic amines, differences in titres were reflected in the mature adult stage, when host preference is exhibited. In summary, life-history timing, neurochemical titre and brain development can be coupled in this speciating system, providing new hypotheses for the origins of new species through host shifts.
КОНСТИТУЦИОННОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ РОССИИ НАЧАЛА XIX ВЕКА. ИДЕИ Н.М. КАРАМЗИНА
Creators: name: ПОПАНОВА АНИСА АСЛАНБЕКОВНА
Publisher: name: Государственная служба и кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: КОНСТИТУЦИОНАЛИЗМ
ИДЕИ Н.М. КАРАМЗИНА
ПРИНЦИПЫ
ИСТОРИЯ
CONSTITUTIONALISM
IDEAS BY N.M. KARAMZIN
PRINCIPLES
HISTORY

description: Тема: «Основные этапы конституционного развития России в XIX веке» очень интересна в связи с ее актуальностью, обусловливающейся злободневностью конституционного вопроса в современной России. Изучение конституционных проектов XIX века, анализ причин появления их именно в то время и неудачи проведения в жизнь позволяет расширить представление о перспективах конституционного развития нашей страны.Subject «The main stages of the constitutional development of Russia in the XIX century» is very interesting because of its relevance, due to the urgency of the constitutional issue in modern Russia. The study of constitutional projects of the XIX century, the analysis of the reasons for their appearance at that time and the failure to implement them allows us to expand our understanding of the prospects for the constitutional development of our country.
TITAN: T Cell Receptor Specificity Prediction with Bimodal Attention Networks
Creators: name: Weber, Anna
name: Born, Jannis
name: Martínez, María Rodríguez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Motivation: The activity of the adaptive immune system is governed by T-cells and their specific T-cell receptors (TCR), which selectively recognize foreign antigens. Recent advances in experimental techniques have enabled sequencing of TCRs and their antigenic targets (epitopes), allowing to research the missing link between TCR sequence and epitope binding specificity. Scarcity of data and a large sequence space make this task challenging, and to date only models limited to a small set of epitopes have achieved good performance. Here, we establish a k-nearest-neighbor (K-NN) classifier as a strong baseline and then propose TITAN (Tcr epITope bimodal Attention Networks), a bimodal neural network that explicitly encodes both TCR sequences and epitopes to enable the independent study of generalization capabilities to unseen TCRs and/or epitopes. Results: By encoding epitopes at the atomic level with SMILES sequences, we leverage transfer learning and data augmentation to enrich the input data space and boost performance. TITAN achieves high performance in the prediction of specificity of unseen TCRs (ROC-AUC 0.87 in 10-fold CV) and surpasses the results of the current state-of-the-art (ImRex) by a large margin. Notably, our Levenshtein-distance-based K-NN classifier also exhibits competitive performance on unseen TCRs. While the generalization to unseen epitopes remains challenging, we report two major breakthroughs. First, by dissecting the attention heatmaps, we demonstrate that the sparsity of available epitope data favors an implicit treatment of epitopes as classes. This may be a general problem that limits unseen epitope performance for sufficiently complex models. Second, we show that TITAN nevertheless exhibits significantly improved performance on unseen epitopes and is capable of focusing attention on chemically meaningful molecular structures.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, to be published in ISMB 2021 conference proceedings
(2628) Anthony Titley
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Anticipatory Detection of Compulsive Body-focused Repetitive Behaviors with Wearables
Creators: name: Searle, Benjamin Lucas
name: Spathis, Dimitris
name: Constantinides, Marios
name: Quercia, Daniele
name: Mascolo, Cecilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Body-focused repetitive behaviors (BFRBs), like face-touching or skin-picking, are hand-driven behaviors which can damage one's appearance, if not identified early and treated. Technology for automatic detection is still under-explored, with few previous works being limited to wearables with single modalities (e.g., motion). Here, we propose a multi-sensory approach combining motion, orientation, and heart rate sensors to detect BFRBs. We conducted a feasibility study in which participants (N=10) were exposed to BFRBs-inducing tasks, and analyzed 380 mins of signals under an extensive evaluation of sensing modalities, cross-validation methods, and observation windows. Our models achieved an AUC > 0.90 in distinguishing BFRBs, which were more evident in observation windows 5 mins prior to the behavior as opposed to 1-min ones. In a follow-up qualitative survey, we found that not only the timing of detection matters but also models need to be context-aware, when designing just-in-time interventions to prevent BFRBs.
description: Accepted to ACM MobileHCI 2021 (20 pages, dataset/code: https://github.com/Bhorda/BFRBAnticipationDataset)
New evidence for subtropical warming during the Late Paleocene thermal maximum: Stable isotopes from Deep Sea Drilling Project Site 527, Walvis Ridge
Creators: name: Bralower, Timothy J.
name: Zachos, James C.
name: Thomas, Deborah J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: The late Paleocene thermal maximum (LPTM) was a dramatic, short‐term global warming event that occurred ∼55 Ma. Warming of high‐latitude surface waters and global deep waters during the LPTM has been well documented; however, current data suggest that subtropical and tropical sea surface temperatures (SSTs) did not change during the event. Conventional paradigms of global climate change, such as CO2‐induced greenhouse warming, predict greater warming in the high latitudes than in the tropics or subtropics but, nonetheless, cannot account for the stable tropical/subtropical SSTs. We measured the stable isotope values of well‐preserved late Paleocene to early Eocene planktonic foraminifera from South Atlantic Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Site 527 to evaluate the subtropical response to the climatic and environmental changes of the LPTM. Planktonic foraminiferal δ18O values at Site 527 decrease by ∼0.94‰ from pre‐LPTM to excursion values, providing the first evidence for subtropical warming during the LPTM. We estimate that subtropical South Atlantic SSTs warmed by at least ∼1°–4°C, on the basis of possible changes in evaporation and precipitation. The new evidence for subtropical SST warming supports a greenhouse mechanism for global warming involving elevated atmospheric CO2 levels.
Recherche de molécules antimicrobiennes issues d'éponges de méditerranée
Creators: name: Rouvier, Florent
name: Mauduit, Morgane
name: Pérez, Thierry
name: Simmler, Charlotte
name: Sinou, Véronique
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Poster intitulé "Recherche de molécules antimicrobiennes issues d'éponges de méditérranée", presenté durant la 10ème Ecole Thématique de Criblage, Bioscreen 2022 (20 - 23 Mars 2022) https://www.deprezlab.fr/etc2022_accueil
The Closed Resolver Project: Measuring the Deployment of Source Address Validation of Inbound Traffic
Creators: name: Nosyk, Yevheniya
name: Korczyński, Maciej
name: Lone, Qasim
name: Skwarek, Marcin
name: Jonglez, Baptiste
name: Duda, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Source Address Validation (SAV) is a standard aimed at discarding packets with spoofed source IP addresses. The absence of SAV for outgoing traffic has been known as a root cause of Distributed Denial-of-Service (DDoS) attacks and received widespread attention. While less obvious, the absence of inbound filtering enables an attacker to appear as an internal host of a network and may reveal valuable information about the network infrastructure. Inbound IP spoofing may amplify other attack vectors such as DNS cache poisoning or the recently discovered NXNSAttack. In this paper, we present the preliminary results of the Closed Resolver Project that aims at mitigating the problem of inbound IP spoofing. We perform the first Internet-wide active measurement study to enumerate networks that filter or do not filter incoming packets by their source address, for both the IPv4 and IPv6 address spaces. To achieve this, we identify closed and open DNS resolvers that accept spoofed requests coming from the outside of their network. The proposed method provides the most complete picture of inbound SAV deployment by network providers. Our measurements cover over 55 % IPv4 and 27 % IPv6 Autonomous Systems (AS) and reveal that the great majority of them are fully or partially vulnerable to inbound spoofing. By identifying dual-stacked DNS resolvers, we additionally show that inbound filtering is less often deployed for IPv6 than it is for IPv4. Overall, we discover 13.9 K IPv6 open resolvers that can be exploited for amplification DDoS attacks - 13 times more than previous work. Furthermore, we enumerate uncover 4.25 M IPv4 and 103 K IPv6 vulnerable closed resolvers that could only be detected thanks to our spoofing technique, and that pose a significant threat when combined with the NXNSAttack.