cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Volumetric Star Formation Prescriptions in Vertically Resolved Edge-on Galaxies
Creators: name: Yim, Kijeong
name: Wong, Tony
name: Rand, Richard J.
name: Schinnerer, Eva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the gas disc thicknesses of the edge-on galaxy NGC 4013 and the less edge-on galaxies (NGC 4157 and 5907) using CO (CARMA/OVRO) and/or HI (EVLA) observations. We also estimate the scale heights of stars and/or the star formation rate (SFR) for our sample of five galaxies using Spitzer IR data (3.6 $μ$m and 24 $μ$m). We derive the average volume densities of the gas and the SFR using the measured scale heights along with radial surface density profiles. Using the volume density that is more physically relevant to the SFR than the surface density, we investigate the existence of a volumetric star formation law (SFL), how the volumetric SFL is different from the surface-density SFL, and how the gas pressure regulates the SFR based on our galaxy sample. We find that the volumetric and surface SFLs in terms of the total gas have significantly different slopes, while the volumetric and surface SFLs in terms of the molecular gas do not show any noticeable difference. The volumetric SFL for the total gas has a flatter power-law slope of 1.26 with a smaller scatter of 0.19 dex compared to the slope (2.05) and the scatter (0.25 dex) of the surface SFL. The molecular gas SFLs have similar slopes of 0.78 (volume density) and 0.77 (surface density) with the same rms scatter. We show that the interstellar gas pressure is strongly correlated with the SFR but find no significant difference between the correlations based on the volume and surface densities.
description: 19 pages, 18 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: 2014 Faculty Conference: foundation update
Creators: name: Winkelbauer, Brian
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2007
Subjects: ConocoPhillips Center for a Sustainable WE2ST
Mines Fund
endowment
campaign
faculty conference
Welcome Center
Clear Creek Athletics Complex
American Bureau of Shipping Endowed Chair
Alacer Gold Endowed Chair

description: This presentation gives an overview of the Foundation's mission and responsibility, a campaign development summary report for 2014, and a list of recent fundraising successes.
Quantitative evaluation of metal artifact reduction techniques in MRI
Creators: name: Kolind, Shannon Heather
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Several techniques for metal artifact reduction in MRI were studied in order to determine their effectiveness. The noise and blur introduced by the techniques were also investigated. To this end, non-metallic replicas of two metal implants (stainless steel and titanium/chromium-cobalt femoral prostheses) were fabricated from wax, and MR images were obtained of each component immersed in water. The difference between the images of each metal prosthesis and its wax replica was measured in terms of energy. The difference energy attributed to noise and blur were isolated, resulting in a measure of the metal artifact. This new "gold standard" method was successfully demonstrated to provide a quantitative means of measuring metal artifact. Several pulse sequences were evaluated in terms of metal artifact reduction capability, as well as signal-to-noise ratio and blur. The analysis revealed that increasing the image bandwidth from ±16 kHz to ±64 kHz reduced metal artifact by an average of 60%, while employing View Angle Tilting (VAT) was only slightly more efficient, reducing metal artifact by an average of 63%. The metal artifact reduction sequence (MARS), which combines the increased image bandwidth with VAT as well as an increased slice-select bandwidth, resulted in the least amount of image distortion, reducing the artifact by an average of 79%. The signal-to-noise ratio was lower for MARS, but blurring was found to be significantly improved.
A Study of the Demand for Medical Services in Taiwan
Creators: name: Chung, Rebecca H.
name: Lee, Jonq-Ying
name: Brown, Mark G.
name: Chung, Rebecca H.
name: Lee, Jonq-Ying
name: Brown, Mark G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: medical service
subject: demand
subject: negative binomial model
subject: count data

description: This paper presents a version of the household production theory to explain the demand for health. In this study we have explored the factors that influence the demand for medical services and medical expenditures in Taiwan. A negative binomial model was used to study the demand for medical services. We found that the demand for medical services and medical expenditures are related to household composition, household income, family size, occupation of the household head, and living environments. In addition, we found higher usage of medical services on average for those households with medical insurances other than the national health insurance.
COVID-19 Screening Using Residual Attention Network an Artificial Intelligence Approach
Creators: name: Sharma, Vishal
name: Dyreson, Curtis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus (SARS-CoV-2). The virus transmits rapidly; it has a basic reproductive number R of 2.2-2.7. In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic. COVID-19 is currently affecting more than 200 countries with 6M active cases. An effective testing strategy for COVID-19 is crucial to controlling the outbreak but the demand for testing surpasses the availability of test kits that use Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). In this paper, we present a technique to screen for COVID-19 using artificial intelligence. Our technique takes only seconds to screen for the presence of the virus in a patient. We collected a dataset of chest X-ray images and trained several popular deep convolution neural network-based models (VGG, MobileNet, Xception, DenseNet, InceptionResNet) to classify the chest X-rays. Unsatisfied with these models, we then designed and built a Residual Attention Network that was able to screen COVID-19 with a testing accuracy of 98% and a validation accuracy of 100%. A feature maps visual of our model show areas in a chest X-ray which are important for classification. Our work can help to increase the adaptation of AI-assisted applications in clinical practice. The code and dataset used in this project are available at https://github.com/vishalshar/covid-19-screening-using-RAN-on-X-ray-images.
Quantum Computation
Creators: name: Sanders, Barry C
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This chapter summarizes quantum computation, including the motivation for introducing quantum resources into computation and how quantum computation is done. Finally, this chapter articulates advantages and limitations of quantum computation, both fundamental and practical.
Electric Tachyon Inflation
Creators: name: Cremades, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that under certain conditions the universal open string tachyon can drive topological inflation in moduli stabilised frameworks. Namely, the presence of electric field in the world volume of the D-brane can slow down its decay leading to a phenomenological model of inflation. The conditions for inflation to take place are difficult to satisfy in the standard warped deformed conifold but easier to realise in other geometries.
description: 8 pages; Contribution to the proceedings of the RTN workshop "Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe", Corfu, Greece, 20-26 September 2005. v2: Typos corrected, reference added
Quantum games with decoherence
Creators: name: Flitney, Adrian P.
name: Abbott, Derek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A protocol for considering decoherence in quantum games is presented. Results for two-player, two-strategy quantum games subject to decoherence are derived and some specific examples are given. Decoherence in other types of quantum games is also considered. As expected, the advantage that a quantum player achieves over a player restricted to classical strategies is diminished for increasing decoherence but only vanishes in the limit of maximum decoherence.
description: LaTeX (iopart), 12 pages, 6 figures; v2 minor corrections and additional references in light of referees comments
Non-Gaussian Foreground Residuals of the WMAP First Year Maps
Creators: name: Medeiros, J.
name: Contaldi, C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of foreground residuals in the WMAP data (Bennet et al. 2004) by adding foreground contamination to Gaussian ensembles of CMB signal and noise maps. We evaluate a set of non-Gaussian estimators on the contaminated ensembles to determine with what accuracy any residual in the data can be constrained using higher order statistics. We apply the estimators to the raw and cleaned Q, V, and W band first year maps. The foreground subtraction method applied to clean the data in Bennet et al. (2004a) appears to have induced a correlation between the power spectra and normalized bispectra of the maps which is absent in Gaussian simulations. It also appears to increase the correlation between the dl=1 inter-l bispectrum of the cleaned maps and the foreground templates. In a number of cases the significance of the effect is above the 98% confidence level.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Transversity K Factors for Drell-Yan
Creators: name: Ratcliffe, Philip G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question of the K factor in transversely polarised Drell-Yan (DY) processes is examined. The transverse-spin case is peculiar for the absence of a reference point in deeply inelastic scattering (DIS). Therefore, in order to study more fully the possible effects of higher-order corrections on DY asymmetries, a DIS definition for transversity is devised using a hypothetical scalar (Higgs-like) vertex. The results show that some care may be required in interpreting experimentally extracted partonic transversity, in particular when comparing with model calculations or predictions.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures (eps and feynmp); uses standard LaTeX/MiKTeX packages [svjour.cls, amsmath, bbm, feynmp, graphicx, maybemath, natbib, psfrag, slashed] some homespun packages (included in the zip file); discussion augmented, 1 figure removed; resubmitted to Eur. Phys. J. section C
Dynamics of the unitary Bose gas near a narrow Feshbach resonance: universal coherent atom-molecule oscillations
Creators: name: Wang, Ke
name: Zhang, Zhendong
name: Nagata, Shu
name: Wang, Zhiqiang
name: Levin, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quench experiments on a unitary Bose gas around a broad Feshbach resonance have led to the discovery of universal dynamics. This universality is manifested in the measured atomic momentum distributions where, asymptotically, a quasi-equilibrated metastable state is found in which both the momentum distribution and the time scales are determined by the particle density. In this paper we present counterpart studies but for the case of a very narrow Feshbach resonance of $^{133}$Cs atoms having a width of 8.3 mG. In dramatic contrast to the behavior reported earlier, a rapid quench of an atomic condensate to unitarity is observed to ultimately lead to coherent oscillations involving dynamically produced condensed and non-condensed molecules and atoms. The same characteristic frequency, determined by the Feshbach coupling, is observed in all types of particles. To understand these quench dynamics and how these different particle species are created, we develop a beyond Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov dynamical framework including a new type of cross correlation between atoms and molecules. This leads to a quantitative consistency with the measured frequency. Our results, which can be applied to the general class of bosonic superfluids associated with narrow Feshbach resonances, establish a new paradigm for universal dynamics dominated by quantum many-body interactions.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Asymptotic analysis of ultra-relativistic charge
Creators: name: Burton, David A.
name: Gratus, Jonathan
name: Tucker, Robin W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article offers a new approach for analysing the dynamic behaviour of distributions of charged particles in an electromagnetic field. After discussing the limitations inherent in the Lorentz-Dirac equation for a single point particle a simple model is proposed for a charged continuum interacting self-consistently with the Maxwell field in vacuo. The model is developed using intrinsic tensor field theory and exploits to the full the symmetry and light-cone structure of Minkowski spacetime. This permits the construction of a regular stress-energy tensor whose vanishing divergence determines a system of non-linear partial differential equations for the velocity and self-fields of accelerated charge. Within this covariant framework a particular perturbation scheme is motivated by an exact class of solutions to this system describing the evolution of a charged fluid under the combined effects of both self and external electromagnetic fields. The scheme yields an asymptotic approximation in terms of inhomogeneous linear equations for the self-consistent Maxwell field, charge current and time-like velocity field of the charged fluid and is defined as an ultra-relativistic configuration. To facilitate comparisons with existing accounts of beam dynamics an appendix translates the tensor formulation of the perturbation scheme into the language involving electric and magnetic fields observed in a laboratory (inertial) frame.
description: 31 pages, 4 figures
Mendel versus Malthus: Research, Productivity and Food Prices in the Long Run
Creators: name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Beddow, Jason M.
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Beddow, Jason M.
name: Pardey, Philip G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Productivity Analysis
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Over the past 50 years and longer, the supply of food commodities has grown faster than the effective market demand, in spite of increasing population and per capita incomes. Consequently, the real (deflated) prices of food commodities have steadily trended down. The past increases in agricultural productivity and production, and the resulting real price trends, are attributable in large part to technological changes enabled by investments in agricultural R&D. Evidence is beginning to emerge of a slowdown in the long-term path of agricultural productivity growth. These productivity patterns mirror a progressive slowing down in the growth rate of total spending on agricultural R&D and a redirection of the funds away from farm productivity that began 20-30 years ago.
COVID-19: Implication to Food Security
Creators: name: Fawzi, Nurul Ihsan
name: Qurani, Ika Zahara
name: Annisa Noyara Rahmasary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70103 Agricultural Production Systems Simulation
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences

description: COVID-19 seems to have a more significant impact on food accessibility and availability as it indicates decreasing food stock and rising food price. If the pandemic continues to deteriorate, it will also hamper people’s food utilization and stability. Essentially, COVID-19 hinders our food system from all directions. The effect of COVID-19 on food security is mainly the impact of preventive measurement implemented by the governments. To have a clear view of the situation, this paper examines the matter from downstream and upstream courses.
Giant dipole resonance and shape evolution in Nd isotopes within TDHF method
Creators: name: Mennana, A. Ait Ben
name: Bassem, Y. EL
name: Oulne, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The isovector giant dipole resonance (IVGDR) in even-even Nd isotopes from A=124 to A=160 is studied in the framework of time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF) with Skyrme forces SkI3, SVbas, SLy5 and SLy6. The dipole strength is calculated and compared with the experimental data on photon absorption cross section $σ_γ$. An overall agreement between them is obtained. The dipole strengths in $ ^{124-140}\text{Nd}$ and $^{152-160}\text{Nd} $ are predicted. In addition, the correlation between the quadrupole deformation parameter $β_{2}$ and the splitting $ΔE/ \bar{E}_{m}$ of the giant dipole resonance (GDR) spectra is studied. The results confirm that $ΔE/ \bar{E}_{m}$ is proportional to $β_{2}$. Shape phase transition in Nd isotopes is also investigated in the light of IVGDR.
description: 24 pages, 13 figures
A remark on asymptotic completeness for the critical nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation
Creators: name: Lindblad, Hans
name: Soffer, Avy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a short proof of asymptotic completeness and global existence for the cubic Nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation in one dimension. Our approach to dealing with the long range behavior of the asymptotic solution is by reducing it, in hyperbolic coordinates to the study of an ODE. Similar arguments extend to higher dimensions and other long range type nonlinear problems.
description: To appear in Lett. Math. Phys
Maximum Empirical Likelihood: Empty Set Problem
Creators: name: Grendar, Marian
name: Judge, George G.
name: Grendar, Marian
name: Judge, George G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: statistical theory
subject: statistics
subject: mathematical analysis
subject: mathematical statistic

description: In the Empirical Estimating Equations (E^3) approach to estimation and inference estimating equations are replaced by their data-dependent empirical counterparts. It is odd but with E^3 there are models where the E^3-based estimator does not exist for some data set, and does exist for others. This depends on whether or not a set of data-supported probability mass functions that satisfy the empirical estimating equations is empty for the data set. In a finite sample context, this unnoted feature invalidates methods of estimation and inference, such as the Maximum Empirical Likelihood, that operate within E^3. The empty set problem of E^3 is illustrated by several examples and possible remedies are discussed.
Zeeman field induced corner states in the Kane-Mele-Hubbard model
Creators: name: Zhang, Jie
name: Xu, Han
name: Wang, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how the in-plane Zeeman field and the Hubbard interaction can jointly affect the topological states in the Kane-Mele-Hubbard model. At low Zeeman field, the projector quantum Monte Carlo (PQMC) simulations demonstrate Mott transitions between the higher-order topological insulator induced by the in-plane Zeeman field and the antiferromagnetic insulator induced by the Hubbard interaction. The interacting higher-order topological state on a finite-sized honeycomb lattice is characterized by the local density of states derived from the real-space spectral function. In the higher-order topological phase, the mirror-inversion symmetry protected corner states exist on the diamond-shaped honeycomb lattice. By comparing the spatial distribution of corner states between the Kane-Mele and Kane-Mele-Hubbard models, we show that the effect of the Hubbard interaction is to contribute some extra in-plane Zeeman field. At the mean-field level, we calculate the full phase diagram of the Kane-Mele-Hubbard model under the influence of the in-plane Zeeman field. The mean-field phase diagram shows that a high in-plane Zeeman field drives the system into a spin-polarized (topologically trivial) phase. In particular, the upper limit of the Zeeman field that can induce corner states in the Kane-Mele model is found to be $h_c = 1.0(3)$. In the parameter region of PQMC simulations, the mean-field solutions are in fair agreement with the PQMC results.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
Icing on the Cake: Automatic Code Summarization at Ericsson
Creators: name: Sridhara, Giriprasad
name: Roychowdhury, Sujoy
name: Soman, Sumit
name: G, Ranjani H
name: Britto, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.3
subject: 68U99

description: This paper presents our findings on the automatic summarization of Java methods within Ericsson, a global telecommunications company. We evaluate the performance of an approach called Automatic Semantic Augmentation of Prompts (ASAP), which uses a Large Language Model (LLM) to generate leading summary comments for Java methods. ASAP enhances the $LLM's$ prompt context by integrating static program analysis and information retrieval techniques to identify similar exemplar methods along with their developer-written Javadocs, and serves as the baseline in our study. In contrast, we explore and compare the performance of four simpler approaches that do not require static program analysis, information retrieval, or the presence of exemplars as in the ASAP method. Our methods rely solely on the Java method body as input, making them lightweight and more suitable for rapid deployment in commercial software development environments. We conducted experiments on an Ericsson software project and replicated the study using two widely-used open-source Java projects, Guava and Elasticsearch, to ensure the reliability of our results. Performance was measured across eight metrics that capture various aspects of similarity. Notably, one of our simpler approaches performed as well as or better than the ASAP method on both the Ericsson project and the open-source projects. Additionally, we performed an ablation study to examine the impact of method names on Javadoc summary generation across our four proposed approaches and the ASAP method. By masking the method names and observing the generated summaries, we found that our approaches were statistically significantly less influenced by the absence of method names compared to the baseline. This suggests that our methods are more robust to variations in method names and may derive summaries more comprehensively from the method body than the ASAP approach.
description: 16 pages, 6 tables, 4 figures. Accepted at the 2024 International Conference on Software Maintenance and Evolution (ICSME) 2024 - Industry Track
On the coefficient-choosing game
Creators: name: Sharma, Divyum
name: Singhal, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 91A46, 11C08, 11S05

description: Nora and Wanda are two players who choose coefficients of a degree $d$ polynomial from some fixed unital commutative ring $R$. Wanda is declared the winner if the polynomial has a root in the ring of fractions of $R$ and Nora is declared the winner otherwise. We extend the theory of these games given by Gasarch, Washington and Zbarsky to all finite cyclic rings and determine the possible outcomes. A family of examples is also constructed using discrete valuation rings for a variant of the game proposed by these authors. Our techniques there lead us to an adversarial approach to constructing rational polynomials of any prescribed degree (equal to $3$ or greater than $8$) with no roots in the maximal abelian extension of $\mathbb{Q}$.
description: Entirely new Section 5 added, Abstract & Introduction updated accordingly
Causes and countermeasures for the food crisis in developing countries
Creators: name: Lu, Yu-Si
name: Huang, Wen-An
name: Lu, Yu-Si
name: Huang, Wen-An
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Food crisis
subject: Contradiction between human and land
subject: Biofuel
subject: China

description: We analyze the causes of food crisis in developing countries according to the global food crisis at present. Finally, we put forward some relevant policy suggestions for coping with the food crisis.
Conformal Mapping on Rough Boundaries II: Applications to bi-harmonic problems
Creators: name: Vandembroucq, Damien
name: Roux, Stephane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a conformal mapping method introduced in a companion paper to study the properties of bi-harmonic fields in the vicinity of rough boundaries. We focus our analysis on two different situations where such bi-harmonic problems are encountered: a Stokes flow near a rough wall and the stress distribution on the rough interface of a material in uni-axial tension. We perform a complete numerical solution of these two-dimensional problems for any univalued rough surfaces. We present results for sinusoidal and self-affine surface whose slope can locally reach 2.5. Beyond the numerical solution we present perturbative solutions of these problems. We show in particular that at first order in roughness amplitude, the surface stress of a material in uni-axial tension can be directly obtained from the Hilbert transform of the local slope. In case of self-affine surfaces, we show that the stress distribution presents, for large stresses, a power law tail whose exponent continuously depends on the roughness amplitude.
Food security based on the spatial temporal feature of grain production
Creators: name: He, Yan-Fen
name: Ma, Chao-Qun
name: Yang, Hai-Juan
name: He, Yan-Fen
name: Ma, Chao-Qun
name: Yang, Hai-Juan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Grain production
subject: Spatial-temporal feature
subject: Instability
subject: Food security
subject: China

description: We use the mean value and variation coefficient model to analyze the spatial-temporal feature of grain production in 31 provinces from the year 1980 to 2006. Time series of grain production is divided into 3 stages according to the average yield and the variation coefficient of grain production in provincial level, which are the lower yield and higher variation stage, the higher yield and lower variation stage and the higher yield and higher variation stage. We classify the grain production of each province into four types according to the grain production level and the annual variation characteristics: the lower yield and higher variation type, the lower yield and lower variation type, the higher yield and lower variation type and the higher yield and higher variation type. The grain production capacity in each agricultural area is relatively stable over time, but they are quite different among the areas. Grain production levels among the provinces in each agricultural region are obviously different with spatial heterogeneity, indicating that grain production in China is not stable both in time and space. Finally, this paper put forward some related countermeasure and proposals.
Differences of county economic development in Hebei Province based on realistic competitiveness
Creators: name: Han, Su-Qing
name: Han, Su-Qing
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: County economy
subject: economic differences
subject: realistic competitiveness
subject: Hebei Province
subject: China

description: Unbalanced economic development among counties exists objectively and is a fact generally accepted. Realistic competitiveness evaluation is used to discover the differences among county economic development levels in Hebei Province in order to find out the status of county economic development, to promote the harmonious development among counties, and to offer references for the policy making of macro-economy development by the government. Researchers show that there are great differences among county economics of Hebei Province. Difference between the most rich and poor counties is 20.736 according to the total competitiveness score by index calculation of realistic competitiveness. Development levels of the counties in Shijiazhuang, Tangshan, Langfang and Qinhuangdao are relatively high, while those in Xingtai mountainous area and regions around Beijing and Tianjin are relatively backward according to regional distribution.
description: Rural Development
Generators of Invariants of Two $4 \times 4$ Matrices
Creators: name: Drensky, Vesselin
name: Sadikova, Liliya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16R30

description: Over a field of characteristic 0, the algebra of invariants of several $n\times n$ matrices under simultaneous conjugation by $GL_n$ is generated by traces of products of generic matrices. In this paper we have found, in terms of representation theory of $GL_2$, a minimal set of generators of the algebra of invariants of two $4\times 4$ matrices. The proof is purely combinatorial and involves computer calculations with standard functions of Maple.
description: 25 pages
Static strings in Randall-Sundrum scenarios and the quark anti-quark potential
Creators: name: Boschi-Filho, Henrique
name: Braga, Nelson R. F.
name: Ferreira, Cristine N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the energy of a static string in an AdS slice between two D3-branes with orbifold condition. The energy for configurations with endpoints on a brane grows linearly for large separation between these points. The derivative of the energy has a discontinuity at some critical separation. Choosing a particular position for one of the branes we find configurations with smooth energy. In the limit where the other brane goes to infinity the energy has a Coulombian behaviour for short separations and can be identified with the Cornell potential for a quark anti-quark pair. This identification leads to effective values for the AdS radius, the string tension and the position of the infrared brane. These results suggest an approximate duality between static strings in an AdS slice and a heavy quark anti-quark configuration in a confining gauge theory.
description: More clarifications added, typos corrected. Results unchanged
A note on the canonical approach to hydrodynamics and linear response theory
Creators: name: Martinoia, Luca
name: Singh, Rajeev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This note provides a comprehensive examination of the various approaches to formulating relativistic hydrodynamics, with a particular emphasis on the canonical approach. Relativistic hydrodynamics plays a crucial role in understanding the behavior of fluids in high-energy astrophysical phenomena and heavy-ion collisions. The canonical approach is explored in detail, highlighting its foundational principles, mathematical formulations, and practical implications in modeling relativistic fluid dynamics. Following this, we delve into the linear response theory, elucidating its relevance in the context of hydrodynamics. We analyze the response of relativistic fluids to external perturbations, discussing the theoretical framework and key results. This dual focus aims to bridge the gap between theoretical foundations and practical applications, offering a robust perspective on the dynamic interplay between relativistic hydrodynamics and linear response theory.
description: Accepted version in Acta Physica Polonica B Journal
How Much Off-The-Shelf Knowledge Is Transferable From Natural Images To Pathology Images?
Creators: name: Li, Xingyu
name: Plataniotis, Konstantinos N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Deep learning has achieved a great success in natural image classification. To overcome data-scarcity in computational pathology, recent studies exploit transfer learning to reuse knowledge gained from natural images in pathology image analysis, aiming to build effective pathology image diagnosis models. Since transferability of knowledge heavily depends on the similarity of the original and target tasks, significant differences in image content and statistics between pathology images and natural images raise the questions: how much knowledge is transferable? Is the transferred information equally contributed by pre-trained layers? To answer these questions, this paper proposes a framework to quantify knowledge gain by a particular layer, conducts an empirical investigation in pathology image centered transfer learning, and reports some interesting observations. Particularly, compared to the performance baseline obtained by random-weight model, though transferability of off-the-shelf representations from deep layers heavily depend on specific pathology image sets, the general representation generated by early layers does convey transferred knowledge in various image classification applications. The observation in this study encourages further investigation of specific metric and tools to quantify effectiveness and feasibility of transfer learning in future.
description: Experimentation data correction
Role of orbital hybridization in anisotropic magnetoresistance
Creators: name: Ko, Hye-Won
name: Park, Hyeon-Jong
name: Go, Gyungchoon
name: Oh, Jung Hyun
name: Kim, Kyoung-Whan
name: Lee, Kyung-Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically and numerically show that longitudinal orbital currents in ferromagnets depend on the magnetization direction, which contribute to the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR). This orbital contribution to AMR arises from the momentum-dependent orbital splitting, which is generally present in multi-orbital systems through the orbital anisotropy and the orbital hybridization. We highlight the latter orbital hybridization as an unrecognized origin of AMR and also as a common origin of AMR and orbital Hall effect.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Asymmetric polarity reversals, bimodal field distribution, and coherence resonance in a spherically symmetric mean-field dynamo model
Creators: name: Stefani, Frank
name: Gerbeth, Gunter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a mean-field dynamo model with a spherically symmetric helical turbulence parameter alpha which is dynamically quenched and disturbed by additional noise, the basic features of geomagnetic polarity reversals are shown to be generic consequences of the dynamo action in the vicinity of exceptional points of the spectrum. This simple paradigmatic model yields long periods of constant polarity which are interrupted by self-accelerating field decays leading to asymmetric polarity reversals. It shows the recently discovered bimodal field distribution, and it gives a natural explanation of the correlation between polarity persistence time and field strength. In addition, we find typical features of coherence resonance in the dependence of the persistence time on the noise.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Topological defects in high density QCD and other strongly interacting systems
Creators: name: Buckley, Kirk B. W.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this thesis we will examine topological defects that arise in various physical contexts. The main theme of this thesis is the study of matter at high densities and low temperatures. This is important as these are the conditions that are realized in the interior of a neutron star. The first part of this thesis is devoted to the study of topological defects that appear in the color superconducting phase of high density QCD. We will show that unlike the Standard Model at zero density, the Standard Model at large densities supports various types of topological defects. In particular, we will assess the stability of the domain walls at intermediate densities. We will also show that there exists vortices that have a nonzero condensate trapped on the core. The consequence of the nonzero condensate is that it is possible to form stable loops of these strings called vortons. Next, we will examine matter at slightly smaller densities below the point where the color superconducting phase of QCD occurs, where the ground state consists of Cooper pairs of neutrons and Cooper pairs of protons. The presence of an electrically charged proton condensate leads to conventional BCS superconductivity. In this thesis we will demonstrate that the presence of a neutron condensate leads to type-I superconductivity, contrary to the standard picture that the interior of a neutron star exhibits type-II superconductivity. The final part of this thesis will introduce vortons in the context high temperature superconductivity. These quasiparticles may be important in understanding the nature of the phase transition from the antiferromagnetic state to the superconducting state as the material is doped. In addition, the study of vortons in high temperature superconductivity provides an interesting connection between condensed matter physics and astrophysics/high density QCD.
Strengthening Farmers Resilience and Rural Food System in Response to the Pandemic
Creators: name: Annisa Noyara Rahmasary
name: Fawzi, Nurul Ihsan
name: Qurani, Ika Zahara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70101 Agricultural Land Management
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences
subject: 70102 Agricultural Land Planning

description: The economic slowdown due to Covid-19 hits hard in many countries. In Indonesia, the economic growth rate for the first quarter of 2020 is only 2.97%. Simulations estimated the number of unemployed people would rise between 3.5 to 8.5 million, depends on the rate of economic growth. Yet the news often mentioned that these social aids had not reached its targets even in the city's neighborhood. The situation is more uncertain for the rural area. Limited information is available about the pandemic situation in Indonesian rural life. The general assumption prevails that rural life dynamic is different from the urban that results in a lower infection rate. Naturally, the government focuses on the pandemic response in cities. However, in reality, the taken measures also affect rural livelihood, especially farmers who have a very vital role in addressing the challenge that we face now: preventing food crisis.
Les investissements directs étrangers extractifs influencent-ils la qualité des institutions en Afrique subsaharienne ?
Creators: name: ENGUENE, André Arnaud
name: WEPAGUIEWE, Armel Romaric
name: OLU-FEMY ODINA, Junior
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Afrique subsaharienne ; Investissements Directs Etrangers ; qualité des institutions ; simulation de Monte Carlo ; VAR en panel.

description: L'objectif de cet article est de montrer l'impact des flux d'investissements directs étrangers extractifs sur la qualité des institutions en Afrique subsaharienne. À partir d'un modèle VAR en panel, nous avons estimé les données issues des bases de la WDI et de la WGI de la Banque mondiale entre 1996 et 2021. L'analyse de la robustesse de nos résultats par les fonctions de réponses impulsionnelles basées sur les simulations de Monte Carlo nous permet d'arriver au résultat selon lequel, les flux d'investissements directs étrangers extractifs ont un impact négatif et significatif sur la qualité des institutions des pays d'Afrique subsaharienne. Il est par conséquent important pour les autorités de ces pays d'avoir des institutions fortes et crédibles qui puissent garantir un meilleur encadrement des flux d’investissements directs étrangers dans les économies d'Afrique subsaharienne.
A residual a posteriori error estimate for the time-domain boundary element method
Creators: name: Gimperlein, Heiko
name: Oezdemir, Ceyhun
name: Stark, David
name: Stephan, Ernst P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This article investigates residual a posteriori error estimates and adaptive mesh refinements for time-dependent boundary element methods for the wave equation. We obtain reliable estimates for Dirichlet and acoustic boundary conditions which hold for a large class of discretizations. Efficiency of the error estimate is shown for a natural discretization of low order. Numerical examples confirm the theoretical results. The resulting adaptive mesh refinement procedures in 3d recover the adaptive convergence rates known for elliptic problems.
description: 38 pages, 8 figures, to appear in Numerische Mathematik
Shellable flag simplicial complexes of non-simple polyominoes
Creators: name: Navarra, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B50, 05E40

description: In this article we investigate the shellability of the flag simplicial complexes attached to non-simple and thin polyominoes. As a consequence, we obtain the Cohen-Macaulayness and a combinatorial interepetation of the $h$-polynomial of the related coordinate rings.
description: 27 pages, 13 figures. Forthcoming in the Bollettino dell'Unione Matematica Italiana - Special Collection: Second UMI Meeting of PhD Students, Selected Contributions. This article is devoted to celebrating the Second UMI Meeting of Doctoral Students, held in Naples on June 13-14, 2024 (https://umi.dm.unibo.it/secondo-dottorandi/)
Relationship between the cultivated land change and the population and economic development in Shandong Province since 1990
Creators: name: Li, Xin
name: Guo, Ning
name: Song, Fu-Rong
name: Li, Xin
name: Guo, Ning
name: Song, Fu-Rong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Cultivated land resource
subject: Population increase
subject: Economic development
subject: Shandong Province
subject: China

description: According to the statistical data of Shandong Province from 1990 to 2006, we use the method of statistical analysis to analyze the dynamic relationship between the cultivated land change and the population and economic development in recent 17 years. We establish the regression model for the research on the correlation among cultivated land change, population, GDP and per capita GDP. Result shows that the cultivated land area in Shandong Province experienced three stages from slow decrease, sharp decrease to slight decrease in 1990-2006, and the per capita area of cultivated land had been decreasing gradually during the 17 years. There are significant correlation among the cultivated land area, population and per capita GDP in Shandong Province, and they can be well described by the linear regression model. The regional differences of cultivated land change in Shandong Province are significant. With the development of economic development level, the cultivated land area occupied by increasing unit economic aggregate is gradually decreasing.
Elephants and Polity in Ancient India as Exemplified by Kautilya's Arthrasastra (Science of Polity)
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Elephants
subject: India
subject: Kautilya
subject: Arthasastra

description: After providing some background on the domestication and use of elephants in ancient India, this article concentrates on the role of the elephant in Indian statescraft as outlined in Kautilya’s Arthasastra, reputed to have been written in the fourth century BC (over 2300 years ago). The body of this essay is presented as follows: first background on the nature of Kautilya’s Arthasastra is provided and then his advice is outlined and discussed about the care of elephants. This care involves the duty of the King, the duties of the superintendent of elephants and the law relating to the treatment of elephants. Subsequently, Kautilya’s views about the use of elephants in war are considered. The essay concludes with an overall assessment of the role of the elephant in the polity of ancient India as portrayed by Kautilya. It is argued that the high use value of elephants to ancient Indian rulers, especially in war, had a significant positive impact on the conservation of Asian wild elephants, and incidentally other wildlife in India as well. Today, the conservation of the Asian elephant depends mostly on its use for tourism and its non-use economic values which reflect human empathy with it and which are reinforced in India by social and cultural values.