cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A proposed framework for analyzing the spatial organization of urban open space networks : case studies: Tehran and Isfahan, Iran
Creators: name: Shakibi, Negin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Urban Open Spaces (UOS) are among fundamental urban elements that can have a profound effect on the quality of social life and on the physical and/or mental health of citizens. UOS system is composed of individual components and a network that connects these spaces. UOS system, just as any other sustainable systems, should be more than the sum of its parts and should exhibit interdependence among its components. Therefore, there is a need to study these individual UOS as interconnected elements and, in other words, as part of a network. To date, most studies have focused on the quality of UOS as individual urban elements. Studies specific to the role of public participation on design and the planning of certain UOS, quality and quantity assessments of certain case studies, and behavioral studies are all good examples of current studies on UOS. However, a holistic view of these spaces as connected urban elements is missing from most urban studies. The UOS networks of some Iranian cities such as Tehran and Isfahan have faced numerous changes through time. While some cities such as Isfahan have had the opportunity to adapt to new conditions, these sudden changes have caused some abnormalities in the UOS networks of other cities such as Tehran. Moreover, the cultural and historical sensitivities of these cities amplify the complexity and importance of analyzing the UOS network. Despite the need to study UOS networks, only a few of the valuable studies conducted in Iran have addressed the importance of UOS as connected networks of individual elements. Therefore, the aim of this study is to illustrate an attempt to fill in some of that gap by proposing a framework for analyzing the spatial organization of the UOS networks. This Spatial Analysis Framework (SAF) focuses on how individual UOS connect, interact and interdepend upon one another at a greater spatial scale. Finally, using the proposed SAF, the UOS networks of two selected case studies from the historic cores of Tehran and Isfahan have been analyzed and compared. The results of this analysis have been used to refine the proposed SAF.
Adolescent online risk-taking : an experimental analysis of posting behaviour
Creators: name: Baitz, Rachel Ann Lynn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate online risk-taking behaviour among adolescents. A total of 189 adolescents were given an online self-report questionnaire containing 20 examples of possible online posts. Half of the participants were presented with an application prior to the questionnaire that provided relevant, in-the-moment information about how their posts might be used and seen by others, and the other half were given an irrelevant Internet facts application. The likelihood of posting online content was assessed based on the type of post (emotionally evocative versus personal information), the nature of the post (public versus private), the gender of the participant (boy, girl), the type of app received (PostFire versus GhostFire), as well as the interaction of these variables. Results showed that while boys and girls were more likely to report that they would post or send content privately than publicly, girls were even more likely than males to report that they would send all types of information privately. Findings indicate that adolescents, particularly girls, are unlikely to discriminate between types of content online when privately messaging with others.
Linear Orderings and Powers of Characterizable Cardinal
Creators: name: Souldatos, Ioannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C75, 03C30 (Primary) 03C35 (Secondary)

description: The current paper answers an open question of abs/1007.2426 We say that a countable model M characterizes an infinite cardinal kappa, if the Scott sentence of M has a model in cardinality kappa, but no models in cardinality kappa plus. If M is linearly ordered by 2^lambda is a characterizable cardinal, lambda is characterizable by a dense linear ordering and lambda is the least cardinal such that kappa^lambda>kappa, then kappa^lambda is also characterizable, 2) if aleph_alpha and kappa^(aleph_alpha) are characterizable cardinals, then the same is true for kappa^(aleph_(alpha+beta)), for all countable beta. Combining these two theorems we get that if kappa>2^(aleph_alpha) is a characterizable cardinal, aleph_alpha is characterizable by a dense linear ordering and aleph_alpha is the least cardinal such that kappa^(aleph_alpha)>kappa, then for all beta
description: Version 01: 20 pages, no figures, submitted for publication in November 2010
What has helped and hindered the experience of adult males who returned to school
Creators: name: Derganc, Scott
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: How adult males experience returning to school has been rarely documented. The present study explored what helped and hindered adult males in their experience as they returned to school via the adult education system and addressed the following question: “What has helped and hindered the experience of adult males who returned to school?” Twelve males, 19 to 49 years of age in British Columbia, Canada who attended the adult education system operated by the Vancouver School Board, were interviewed using the Enhanced Critical Incident Technique (ECIT) (Butterfield et al., 2009). The qualitative analysis of the interviews identified 346 critical incidents and formed eleven helping categories and seven hindering categories for adult males who returned to school. The eleven helping categories included: (1) Teacher Encouragement, Support and Acceptance, (2) Course Schedule, Timetable and Flexibility, (3) Goals, Motivation and Expectations, (4) Acceptance and Belonging, (5) Stability and Support Systems, (6) Autonomy, (7) Teacher Curriculum Presentation and Delivery (8) Personal Growth, Maturity and Self Awareness, (9) Free or Low Cost, (10) Facilities, Location and Classroom Environment and (11) Computer Literacy and Technology. The seven hindering categories were: (1) Education System Based Instability, (2) Health, Emotional Struggles, Rejection and Judgement, (3) Financial, Work and Family Responsibilities, (4) Academic Struggles, Course Design and Delivery, (5) Immigration, Literacy and Cultural Barriers, (6) Lack of Goals, Motivation and Expectations and (7) Facilities, Classroom and Supplies. The results from this study are discussed in relation to implications for theory, practice and future research.
title: "A road to prosperity?" - the values and value struggles of members of the Prosperity Movement on the Old Kent Road in the UK
Creators: name: Zschomler, Danny
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 2018

description: This thesis explores the localised prosperity movement on the Old Kent Road in London, which is heavily concentrated among Black Majority Churches attended by West African immigrants. The research draws on Skeggs’ person-value model (2011, 2014) to examine whether the prosperity gospel has monetized Christian faith such that all immaterial values are converted to material value, and asks what, if anything, is left behind. Using a combination of urban ethnography, ethnography of religion, semi-structured interviews, visual methods (semiotics) and textual analysis, I examine the lived experience of the members of these churches, focusing on one specific church as a case study. This study has shown that the members of this movement experience various adverse circumstances such as difficulties associated with the migrant experience and institutionalized racism. The prosperity gospel functions as a liberation theology to counteract their marginalized position, as they strive collectively to reimagine and reposition themselves in society through various reactive and proactive strategies combined with the Pentecostal work ethic and through investing in the second generation. The Bible is used as a manual for being successful and overcoming obstacles. Through the message and practices, negative affects are transformed into positive affects and members are reinvigorated for their daily struggles. As the members resist their positioning by the dominant symbolic, a collective consciousness is formed where values of love and care are prevalent. Due to the members’ adverse circumstances, prosperity theology adds a dimension of material value. However, this is on the basis of traditional Christian values and other values can also be found. This study validates Skeggs’ person-value framework and also extends its reach to include transnational and religious aspects and the intersectionality between class and race. It also has important implications for the role of religion in fostering the integration of new migrants into the broader society.
EKOLOGIYA SOXASIDA VAKOLATLI BOSHQARUV ORGANLARI FAOLIYATINI HUQUQIY TARTIBGA SOLISH: XORIJIY MAMLAKATLAR TAJRIBASI MISOLIDA
Creators: name: Alloberdiyeva, Durdona
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Mazkur maqolada Ekologiya soxasida maxsus vakolatli davlat boshqaruv organlari faoliyatini huquqiy tartibga solish borasidagi xorijiy mamlakatlar tajribasining qiyosiy-huquqiy tahlili, atrof-muhitni muhofaza qilish va tabiatdan oqilona foydalanish sohasida davlat nazoratini amalga oshirish zarurati borasida mahalliy va xorijlik huquqshunos olimlarning fikrlari, shuningdek, O'zbekiston Respublikasida davlat ekologik nazoratini amalga oshiruvchi maxsus vakolatli davlat organlari tizimini optimallashtirish masalasi xorijiy mamlakatlar tajribasi asosida yoritib berilgan. Shu bilan birga, davlat ekologik nazoratini amalga oshiruvchi maxsus vakolatli davlat boshqaruv organlari tizimini takomillashtirish yuzasidan asoslantirilgan takliflar ishlab chiqilgan. Xususan, Rossiya Federatsiyasi va Qozog'iston Respublikasida amalda bo'lgan qonunchilik asosida mamlakatimizda ham davlat ekologik nazoratini amalga oshirish vakolatini yagona davlat boshqaruv organiga berish masalasi tahlil qilingan.
Supplementary Methods and Figures from Groundfish biodiversity change in northeastern Pacific waters under projected warming and deoxygenation
Creators: name: Thompson, Patrick L.
name: Nephin, Jessica
name: Davies, Sarah C.
name: Park, Ashley E.
name: Lyons, Devin A.
name: Rooper, Christopher N.
name: Angelica Peña, M.
name: Christian, James R.
name: Hunter, Karen L.
name: Rubidge, Emily
name: Holdsworth, Amber M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary methods and figures supporting the main text
What You See is Not What the Network Infers: Detecting Adversarial Examples Based on Semantic Contradiction
Creators: name: Yang, Yijun
name: Gao, Ruiyuan
name: Li, Yu
name: Lai, Qiuxia
name: Xu, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Adversarial examples (AEs) pose severe threats to the applications of deep neural networks (DNNs) to safety-critical domains, e.g., autonomous driving. While there has been a vast body of AE defense solutions, to the best of our knowledge, they all suffer from some weaknesses, e.g., defending against only a subset of AEs or causing a relatively high accuracy loss for legitimate inputs. Moreover, most existing solutions cannot defend against adaptive attacks, wherein attackers are knowledgeable about the defense mechanisms and craft AEs accordingly. In this paper, we propose a novel AE detection framework based on the very nature of AEs, i.e., their semantic information is inconsistent with the discriminative features extracted by the target DNN model. To be specific, the proposed solution, namely ContraNet, models such contradiction by first taking both the input and the inference result to a generator to obtain a synthetic output and then comparing it against the original input. For legitimate inputs that are correctly inferred, the synthetic output tries to reconstruct the input. On the contrary, for AEs, instead of reconstructing the input, the synthetic output would be created to conform to the wrong label whenever possible. Consequently, by measuring the distance between the input and the synthetic output with metric learning, we can differentiate AEs from legitimate inputs. We perform comprehensive evaluations under various AE attack scenarios, and experimental results show that ContraNet outperforms existing solutions by a large margin, especially under adaptive attacks. Moreover, our analysis shows that successful AEs that can bypass ContraNet tend to have much-weakened adversarial semantics. We have also shown that ContraNet can be easily combined with adversarial training techniques to achieve further improved AE defense capabilities.
description: Accepted to NDSS 2022. Camera-ready version with supplementary materials. Code is available at https://github.com/cure-lab/ContraNet.git
title: The Covid-19 containment effects of public health measures: A spatial difference-in-differences approach
Creators: name: Kosfeld, Reinhold
name: Mitze, Timo
name: Rode, Johannes
name: Wälde, Klaus
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: containment effects
subject: Covid-19
subject: public health measures
subject: spatial difference-in-differences
subject: 300
subject: Deutschland
subject: COVID-19
subject: Maßnahme
subject: Schutz
subject: Gesundheitswesen

description: Gefördert im Rahmen des Projekts DEAL
Phase transitions in a three dimensional $U(1) \times U(1)$ lattice London superconductor
Creators: name: Herland, Egil V.
name: Babaev, Egor
name: Sudbo, Asle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a three-dimensional lattice $U(1) \times U(1)$ superconductor in the London limit, with two individually conserved condensates. The problem, generically, has two types of intercomponent interactions of different characters. First, the condensates are interacting via a minimal coupling to the same fluctuating gauge field. A second type of coupling is the direct dissipationless drag represented by a local intercomponent current-current coupling term in the free energy functional. The interplay between these two types of interactions produces a number of physical effects not present in previously investigated $U(1)\times U(1)$ models with only one kind of intercomponent interaction. In this work, we present a study of the phase diagram of a $U(1) \times U(1)$ superconductor which includes both of these interactions. We study phase transitions and two types of competing paired phases which occur in this general model: (i) a metallic superfluid phase (where there is order only in the gauge invariant phase difference of the order parameters), (ii) a composite superconducting phase where there is order in the phase sum of the order parameters which has many properties of a single-component superconductor but with a doubled value of electric charge. We investigate the phase diagram with particular focus on what we call "preemptive phase transitions". These are phase transitions {\it unique to multicomponent condensates with competing topological objects}. A sudden proliferation of one kind of topological defects may come about due to a fluctuating background of topological defects in other sectors of the theory.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to Physical Review B
Groundfish_climate_Appendix_A from Groundfish biodiversity change in northeastern Pacific waters under projected warming and deoxygenation
Creators: name: Thompson, Patrick L.
name: Nephin, Jessica
name: Davies, Sarah C.
name: Park, Ashley E.
name: Lyons, Devin A.
name: Rooper, Christopher N.
name: Angelica Peña, M.
name: Christian, James R.
name: Hunter, Karen L.
name: Rubidge, Emily
name: Holdsworth, Amber M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Model outputs and maps of projected change for all 34 species
title: Entwicklung eines Verfahrens zur integrierten Bremsmomentmessung für Simplex-Trommelbremsen
Creators: name: Vey, Christian
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2021

description: Elektromechanische Bremsen, die im Wesentlichen aus Forschungsprojekten und Patentschriften bekannt sind, weisen Vorteile gegenüber konventionellen Bremsen auf, stellen jedoch mit radindividuellen Aktoren eine kostenintensive Technologie dar. Dieser Nachteil kann teilweise durch den Einsatz von Trommelbremsen, die zu den selbstverstärkenden Bremsen zählen, kompensiert werden. Durch die hohe Reibwertsensitivität von Trommelbremsen beeinflussen betriebsbedingte Reibwertschwankungen die resultierenden Bremsmomente, sodass ein Schiefziehen des Fahrzeugs auftreten kann. Eine Abhilfemaßnahme stellt die Regelung des Bremsmoments dar, die eine entsprechende Rückführungsgröße notwendig macht. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist daher, ein Verfahren zur integrierten Bremsmomentmessung bei Trommelbremsen zu entwickeln, um die Grundlage für eine Bremsmomentregelung zu schaffen. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit wird der Stand der Technik zur elektromechanischen Bremse dargestellt und im Bereich der angewendeten Regelkonzepte und Messverfahren die Defizite aufgezeigt, die eine integrierte Bremsmomentmessung begründen. Aus Regularien zur Entwicklung und Überprüfung von Bremsanlagen folgen Anforderungen an die Messgenauigkeit, die als Bewertungsgrößen für eine Bremsmomentsensorik dienen. Der zweite Teil beschäftigt sich mit der Identifikation eines integrierten Messverfahrens. Die Systemanalyse zeigt potentielle Messstellen an den Systemgrenzen und -komponenten der Bremse auf. Unter der Berücksichtigung der Anforderung eines hohen Integrationsmaßes resultieren die Kräfte des Abstützlagers als geeignete Messgrößen, um das Bremsmoment zu ermitteln. Das auf Basis der Abstützkräfte entwickelte Messverfahren zeigt eine weitere Anwendbarkeit in der Ermittlung des Bremsbelagreibwerts und der Spreizkraft. Im dritten Teil erfolgt die experimentelle Untersuchung mittels einer prototypischen Bremse. Die zentrale Hypothese zur Bremsmomentermittlung bewährt sich innerhalb des zulässigen Toleranzbereichs für die Funktionen der Betriebs- und Parkbremse. Die Ergebnisse der Bremsbelagreibwert- und Spreizkraftermittlung befinden sich ebenfalls innerhalb der definierten Grenzwerte und zeigen somit ihre Anwendbarkeit für die Betriebsbremsfunktion auf. Die Übertragbarkeit auf weitere Ausführungsformen der Trommelbremse zeigt die Allgemeingültigkeit des Verfahrens. Mit dem entwickelten Messverfahren ist eine integrierte Bremsmomentermittlung für Trommelbremsen aufgezeigt, womit die Grundlage für einen reibwertunabhängigen Einsatz von Trommelbremsen geschaffen ist.
Isolated parkinsonism is an atypical presentation of GRN and C9orf72 gene mutations
Creators: name: Carneiro, Fábio
name: Saracino, Dario
name: Huin, Vincent
name: Clot, Fabienne
name: Delorme, Cécile
name: Méneret, Aurélie
name: Thobois, Stéphane
name: Cormier, Florence
name: Corvol, Jean Christophe
name: Lenglet, Timothée
name: Vidailhet, Marie
name: Habert, Marie-Odile
name: Gabelle, Audrey
name: Beaufils, Émilie
name: Mondon, Karl
name: Tir, Mélissa
name: Andriuta, Daniela
name: Brice, Alexis
name: Deramecourt, Vincent
name: Ber, Isabelle Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Introduction: A phenotype of isolated parkinsonism mimicking Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease (IPD) is a rare clinical presentation of GRN and C9orf72 mutations, the major genetic causes of frontotemporal dementia (FTD). It still remains controversial if this association is fortuitous or not, and which clinical clues could reliably suggest a genetic FTD etiology in IPD patients. This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics of FTD mutation carriers presenting with IPD phenotype, provide neuropathological evidence of the mutation's causality, and specifically address their "red flags" according to current IPD criteria. Methods: Seven GRN and C9orf72 carriers with isolated parkinsonism at onset, and three patients from the literature were included in this study. To allow better delineation of their phenotype, the presence of supportive, exclusion and "red flag" features from MDS criteria were analyzed for each case. Results: Amongst the ten patients (5 GRN, 5 C9orf72), seven fulfilled probable IPD criteria during all the disease course, while behavioral/language or motoneuron dysfunctions occurred later in three. Disease duration was longer and dopa-responsiveness was more sustained in C9orf72 than in GRN carriers. Subtle motor features, cognitive/behavioral changes, family history of dementia/ALS were suggestive clues for a genetic diagnosis. Importantly, neuropathological examination in one patient revealed typical TDP-43-inclusions without alpha-synucleinopathy, thus demonstrating the causal link between FTD mutations, TDP-43-pathology and PD phenotype. Conclusion: We showed that, altogether, family history of early-onset dementia/ALS, the presence of cognitive/behavioral dysfunction and subtle motor characteristics are atypical features frequently present in the parkinsonian presentations of GRN and C9orf72 mutations .
WALKER, Timothy D. – Médicos, medicina popular e Inquisição. A repressão das curas mágicas em Portugal durante o Iluminismo. Lisboa: Instituto de Ciências Sociais, 2013. 423 p. ISBN 978-0972+671-321-0
Creators: name: Lopes, Ana Costa
Publisher: name: Lusitania Sacra
Year: 2015

description: Lusitania Sacra, n. 31 (2015): Vivências Religiosas Femininas Medievais
Monotonic and cyclic shear loading response of natural silts
Creators: name: Soysa, Achala Nishan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: An experimental research program comprising constant-volume direct simple shear (DSS) tests was conducted to study the monotonic, cyclic shear and post cyclic consolidation response of natural silts. Relatively undisturbed samples of silt which were obtained from three different locations in the Lower Mainland area of British Columbia were used for this purpose. Plasticity indices of the natural silt samples which were considered for the study were 5, 7, and 34. Monotonic shear response of the natural silt was studied with the constant volume DSS test results that were conducted with different vertical effective stresses and different overconsolidation ratios (OCRs). Stress-strain response of normally consolidated silt at different consolidation stresses were found to be stress-history-normalizable where as higher OCR and higher plasticity resulted greater shear strength. Normally consolidated silt specimen, despite of their difference plasticity, exhibit gradual strain accumulation without abrupt loss of shear stiffness during cyclic loading with different cyclic stress ratios (CSRs) at different consolidation stress levels. The potential and rate of strain accumulation and development of excess pore-water pressure (Δu) were noted to be increased with higher CSRs at all tested consolidation stress levels. The cyclic shear resistances of silt, derived from cyclic direct simple shear (CDSS) tests, were not sensitive to the tested range of different consolidation stress levels, whereas higher plasticity resulted greater cyclic shear resistance. Relative undisturbed specimens exhibit comparatively higher cyclic shear resistance than the reconstituted specimens despite of comparatively denser particle arrangement in reconstituted specimens. However, during the constant-volume monotonic DSS tests, relative undisturbed specimens exhibit comparatively lesser shear resistance than the reconstituted specimens implying that soil fabric / microstructure plays a significant role in governing the shear loading response of silt. The examination of consolidation responses of silt specimens that were initially normally consolidated and subjected to constant-volume CDSS loading revealed that the post cyclic consolidation volumetric strain increases with the maximum cyclic pore-water pressure ratio developed during constant volume CDSS loading for all tested silt specimens with different plasticity.
Deep XMM-Newton observation of the Eta Chamaleontis cluster
Creators: name: Lopez-Santiago, J.
name: Colombo, J. F. Albacete
name: Lopez-Garcia, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The members of the Eta Chamaleontis cluster are in an evolutionary stage in which disks are rapidly evolving. It also presents some peculiarities, such as the large fraction of binaries and accretion disks, probably related with the cluster formation process. Its proximity makes this stellar group an ideal target for studying the relation between X-ray emission and those stellar parameters. The main objective of this work is to determine general X-ray properties of the cluster members in terms of coronal temperature, column density, emission measure, X-ray luminosity and variability. We also aim to establish the relation between the X-ray luminosity of these stars and other stellar parameters, such as binarity and presence of accretion disks. A study of flare energies for each flare event and their relation with some stellar parameters is also performed. We used proprietary data from a deep XMM-Newton observation pointed at the core of the Eta Chamaleontis cluster. Specific software for the reduction of XMM-Newton data was used for the analysis of our observation. For the detection of sources, we used the wavelet-based code PWDetect. General coronal properties were derived from plasma model fitting. We also determined variability of the Eta Chamaleontis members in the EPIC field-of-view. A total of six flare-like events were clearly detected in five different stars. For them, we derived coronal properties during the flare events and pseudo-quiescent state separately. In our observations, stars that underwent a flare event have higher X-ray luminosities in the pseudo-quiescent state than cluster members with similar spectral type with no indications of flaring, independently whether they have an accretion disk or not. Observed flare energies are typical of both pre-main and main-sequence M stars. We detected no difference between flare energies of stars with and without an accretion disk.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics. 12 pages, 30 individual figures
LOPES, Bruno – A Inquisição em Terra de Cristãos-Novos. Arraiolos 1570-1773. Lisboa: Apenas Livros, 2013. 243 p. ISBN 978-989-618-419-3
Creators: name: Fernandes, Maria
Publisher: name: Lusitania Sacra
Year: 2015

description: Lusitania Sacra, n. 31 (2015): Vivências Religiosas Femininas Medievais
CASTRO, Ana Sampaio e – O Mosteiro de Santa Maria de Salzedas, da Fundação à Extinção. Lamego: Tipografia Voz de Lamego, 2014, iv +136 p. il. ISBN 978-989-98708-2-6
Creators: name: Ferreiro, Alberto
Publisher: name: Lusitania Sacra
Year: 2015

description: Lusitania Sacra, n. 31 (2015): Vivências Religiosas Femininas Medievais
Ultraviolet Continuum Color Variability of Luminous Sloan Digital Sky Survey QSOs
Creators: name: Sakata, Yu
name: Morokuma, Tomoki
name: Minezaki, Takeo
name: Yoshii, Yuzuru
name: Kobayashi, Yukiyasu
name: Koshida, Shintaro
name: Sameshima, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine whether the spectral energy distribution of UV continuum emission of active galactic nuclei changes during flux variation. We used multi-epoch photometric data of QSOs in the Stripe 82 observed by the SDSS Legacy Survey and selected 10 bright QSOs observed with high photometric accuracies, in the redshift range of z = 1.0-2.4 where strong broad emission lines such as Lyαand CIV do not contaminate SDSS filters, to examine spectral variation of the UV continuum emission with broadband photometries. All target QSOs showed clear flux variations during the monitoring period 1998-2007, and the multi-epoch flux data in two different bands obtained on the same night showed a linear flux-to-flux relationship for all target QSOs. Assigning the flux in the longer wavelength to the x-axis in the flux-to-flux diagram, the x-intercept of the best-fit linear regression line was positive for most targets, which means that their colors in the observing bands become bluer as they become brighter. Then, the host-galaxy flux was estimated on the basis of the correlation between the stellar mass of the bulge of the host galaxy and the central black hole mass. We found that the longer-wavelength flux of the host galaxy was systematically smaller than that of the fainter extension of the best-fit regression line at the same shorter-wavelength flux for most targets. This result strongly indicates that the spectral shape of the continuum emission of QSOs in the UV region usually becomes bluer as it becomes brighter. We found that the multi-epoch flux-to-flux plots could be fitted well with the standard accretion disk model changing the mass accretion rate with a constant black hole mass for most targets. This finding strongly supports the standard accretion disk model for UV continuum emission of QSOs.
description: 43 pages, 31 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Eliminating the Perovskite Solar Cell Manufacturing Bottleneck via High-Speed Flexography
Creators: name: Huddy, Julia E.
name: Ye, Youxiong
name: Scheideler, William J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perovskite solar cells have potential to deliver terawatt-scale power via low-cost manufacturing. However, scaling is limited by slow, high-temperature annealing of the inorganic transport layers and the lack of reliable, large-area methods for depositing thin (< 30 nm) charge transport layers (CTLs). We present a method for scaling ultrathin NiOx hole transport layers (HTLs) by pairing high-speed (60 m/min) flexographic printing with rapidly annealed sol-gel inks to achieve the fastest reported process for fabrication of inorganic CTLs for perovskites. By engineering precursor rheology for rapid film-leveling, NiOx HTLs were printed with high uniformity and ultralow pinhole densities resulting in photovoltaic performance exceeding that of spin-coated devices. Integrating these printed transport layers in planar inverted PSCs allows rapid fabrication of high efficiency (PCE > 15%) Cs(x)FA(1-x)PbI solar cells with improved short circuit currents (Jsc) of 22.4 mA/cm2. Rapid annealing of the HTL accelerates total processing time by 60X, while maintaining the required balance of optoelectronic properties and the chemical composition for effective hole collection. These results build an improved understanding of ultrathin NiOx and reveal opportunities to enhance device performance via scalable manufacturing of inorganic CTLs.
Direct diffusion through interpenetrating networks: Oxygen in titanium
Creators: name: Wu, Henry H.
name: Trinkle, Dallas R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How impurity atoms move through a crystal is a fundamental and recurrent question in materials. The previous understanding of oxygen diffusion in titanium relied on interstitial lattice sites that were recently found to be unstable, making the diffusion pathways for oxygen unknown. Using first-principles quantum-mechanical methods, we find three oxygen interstitial sites in titanium, and quantify the multiple interpenetrating networks for oxygen diffusion. Surprisingly, no single transition dominates, but all contribute to diffusion.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures; additional supporting material
Algorithms for prediction of RNA pseudoknotted secondary structures
Creators: name: Jabbari, Hosna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: RNA molecules are crucial in different levels of cellular function, and their functions largely depend on their structures. Since experimental methods for determining RNA structure are expensive, computational methods for prediction of RNA secondary structure (the set of base pairs) are valuable. One such approach is based on the Minimum Free Energy (MFE) folding hypothesis, which states an RNA molecule folds into the structure with the minimum free energy. Another approach is based on the hierarchical folding hypothesis, which posits that an RNA molecule first folds into a psuedoknot- free structure (i.e., no crossing base pairs), then additional base pairs are added that may form pseudoknots (structures with crossing base pairs) to lower the structure’s free energy. The overarching goal of this thesis is to overcome some limitations of the previous methods, namely (1) slow running time, (2) poor prediction accuracy (i.e., low number of correctly predicted base pairs), (3) limited in types of pseudoknots they can predict, and (4) limited opportunity to provide structural information that can guide prediction. We propose two algorithms and study different variations of each method. We propose a relaxed version of the hierarchical folding hypothesis and present Iterative HFold, which is based on this hypothesis. Furthermore, we propose the CCJ algorithm, an MFE-based algorithm that significantly expands the structures handled in O(n⁵) time. Employing a sparsification technique, we propose a sparse version of CCJ that improves its space usage. While CCJ’s and Iterative HFold’s performance are not significantly different on our large data set, Iterative HFold is considerably less expensive to run than CCJ. In addition, Iterative HFold provides the user with ability to incorporate structural information as input constraint. Both CCJ and Iterative HFold predict significantly more accurate structures on key data sets than two of the best performing computational methods currently available (i.e., HotKnots V2.0 and IPknot). Of the folding hypotheses that we have studied, it seems that the relaxed hierarchical folding hypothesis has better potential to predict RNA secondary structure, at least with respect to the energy model used in this work.
title: Die Bartholomäuskapelle in Paderborn. Geometrie, Konstruktion und Entwurf der Gewölbe und des Innenraums
Creators: name: Broser, Jost-Michael
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 720 Architektur

description: In dieser Untersuchung wird gezeigt, dass die Kubatur des Innenraums der im frühen 11. Jh. erbauten Bartholomäuskapelle in Paderborn auf einer geometrischen Konstruktion beruht. Religiöse Bezüge mit Anleihen aus der Antike spielten bestimmt eine wesentliche Rolle, doch ansonsten ist hier die Geometrie keineswegs als Selbstzweck zu betrachten. Planung und Bauausführung wurden durch die Befolgung einer „geometrischen Logik“, enorm vereinfacht, Proportionen und Harmonien ergaben sich daraus. Die grundlegende Voraussetzung für alle hier aufgeführten Betrachtungen bildet die Dokumentation mit 3D-Laserscanning, welche einen hochgenauen verformungsgerechten „digitalen Zwilling“ am Computer erzeugt. Alle benötigten Maße können so abgegriffen werden, ohne aufwendige Nachmessungen am Objekt durchführen zu müssen. Für das Auffinden einer belastbaren geometrischen Konstruktion bildet wiederum die Analyse der über die Jahrhunderte aufgetretenen Deformationen eine unabdingbare Voraussetzung, da sonst die baubedingten Unregelmäßigkeiten nicht erkannt werden können.
description: Kölner Beiträge zur Baugeschichte und Denkmalpflege; 6
Cell voltage model for Li-Bi liquid metal batteries
Creators: name: Weber, Norbert
name: Duczek, Carolina
name: Horstmann, Gerrit M.
name: Landgraf, Steffen
name: Nimtz, Michael
name: Personnettaz, Paolo
name: Weier, Tom
name: Sadoway, Donald R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lithium-bismuth bimetallic cells are amongst the best explored liquid metal batteries. A simple and fast quasi-one-dimensional cell voltage model for such devices is presented. The equilibrium cell potential is obtained from a complex two-dimensional fit of data drawn from multiple studies of equilibrium cell potential and rendered congruent with the phase diagram. Likewise, several analytical and fit functions for the ohmic potential drop across the electrolyte are provided for different battery geometries. Mass transport overpotentials originating from the alloying of Li into Bi are modelled by solving a diffusion equation, either analytically or numerically, and accounting for the volume change of the positive electrode. The applicability and limitations of the model are finally illustrated in three distinct experimental settings.
High temperature and high pressure corrosion of titanium in hydrometallurgical applications
Creators: name: Liu, Jing
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: The corrosion characteristics of titanium (ASTM Grade 2) in copper pressure leaching environments are determined from room temperature and pressure up to high temperatures and pressures (230 °C, 430 psi). Anodic oxidation and controlled chemical oxidation methods are used to improve the corrosion resistance of Ti. Electrochemical and mass loss measurements are performed to evaluate the corrosion resistance of pre-oxidized titanium, compared to that of titanium with no prior oxidation, to generate a best practices guide for the hydrometallurgical industry. The results at low temperature showed that H₂SO₄ solution is very corrosive for Ti with a freshly polished surface. The corrosion rates (CRs) of Ti are obtained using mass loss and electrochemical measurements in H₂SO₄ with Cl-, Cu²⁺ and Fe³⁺ additions up to 175 °C. It is found that the CRs of Ti are unaffected by the presence of Cl− ions in H₂SO₄ solutions. CRs obtained from mass loss and electrochemical measurements confirm that Cu²⁺ and Fe³⁺ ions are good corrosion inhibitors for Ti. Iso-corrosion diagrams, with 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mm yr−1 lines for Ti in 3-50 wt.% H₂SO₄ solutions with Cu²⁺ and Fe³⁺ additions from room temperature to 175 °C are constructed from immersion test data. The effects of temperature (100-230 °C) and SO₄²− concentration (0-0.5 mol L−¹) on the pitting corrosion of Ti are studied in neutral Cl− containing solutions using cyclic potentiodynamic polarization and linear-sweep thermammetry measurements. A metastable pitting temperature threshold (MPTT) is defined for Ti as a function of sulfate to chloride mole ratio using linear-sweep thermammetry measurements. iii Anodic oxide films (AOFs) are potentiostatically formed on Ti in 0.5 M H₂SO₄ solutions at various anodizing voltages (up to 80 V) at 25 °C. A new method is developed to fabricate chemically oxidized films (COFs) with high corrosion resistance by controlled chemical oxidation with H₂O₂ solutions at 90 °C. The corrosion behavior of the as grown AOFs and COFs is investigated in copper sulfide leaching solutions. It is confirmed that chemical oxidation with 2 M H₂O₂/0.1 M HCl solution leads to the best improvement of the corrosion resistance of Ti.
The Growth of Massive Black Holes in Galaxy Merger Simulations with Feedback by Radiation Pressure
Creators: name: DeBuhr, Jackson
name: Quataert, Eliot
name: Ma, Chung-Pei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the growth of massive black holes (BH) in galaxies using smoothed particle hydrodynamic simulations of major galaxy mergers with new implementations of BH accretion and feedback. The effect of BH accretion on gas in its host galaxy is modeled by depositing momentum at a rate ~ tau L/c into the ambient gas, where L is the luminosity produced by accretion onto the BH and tau is the wavelength-averaged optical depth of the galactic nucleus to the AGN's radiation (a free parameter of our model). The accretion rate onto the BH is relatively independent of our subgrid accretion model and is instead determined by the BH's dynamical impact on its host galaxy: BH accretion is thus self-regulated rather than `supply limited.' We show that the final BH mass and total stellar mass formed during a merger are more robust predictions of the simulations than the time dependence of the star formation rate or BH accretion rate. In particular, the latter depend on the assumed interstellar medium physics, which determines when and where the gas fragments to form star clusters; this in turn affects the fuel available for further star formation and BH growth. Simulations over a factor of ~ 30 in galaxy mass are consistent with the observed M_BH-sigma relation for a mean optical depth of tau ~ 25. This requires that most BH growth occur when the galactic nucleus is optically thick to far-infrared radiation, consistent with the hypothesized connection between ultra-luminous infrared galaxies and quasars. We find tentative evidence for a shallower M_BH-sigma relation in the lowest mass galaxies, sigma < 100 km/s. Our results demonstrate that feedback-regulated BH growth and consistency with the observed M_BH-sigma relation do not require that BH feedback terminate star formation in massive galaxies or unbind large quantities of cold gas.
description: 21 pages, 17 figures, submitted MNRAS
Drying behavior of dense refractory castables. Part 2 Drying agents and design of heating schedules
Creators: name: Luz, A. P.
name: Moreira, M. H.
name: Salomao, R.
name: Braulio, M. A. L.
name: Pandolfelli, V. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Drying is the most critical process of the first heating cycle of monolithic dense refractories, as the reduced permeability of the resulting microstructure may lead to explosive spalling and mechanical damage associated with dewatering. The first part of this review series pointed out the various drying stages, the role of the binder components and the techniques that can be used to follow the water release in as-cast refractory materials, when they are exposed to heat. Although defining a suitable heating schedule is a great challenge, some tools can be applied to minimize the spalling risks associated with steam pressurization. In this context, this second review article points out (i) the main drying agents and how they affect the resulting castables' microstructure (organic fibers, metallic powders, permeability enhancing active compounds, silica-based additives and chelating agents), and (ii) the effects related to the procedures commonly applied during the designing of heating routine (i.e., the role of the heating rate, ramp versus holding time), as well as the influence of the castable's dimension on the overall drying behavior. Considering the recent advances regarding the design of refractory formulations and their processing, one may expect that incorporating suitable drying additives into the prepared composition should lead to a suitable and safer water release in such dense consolidated structures. Besides that, novel engineering opportunities, such as the use of in-situ based experimental techniques (i.e., neutron and X-ray tomography) to obtain more accurate data and the development of numerical models, might help in simulating and predicting the steam pressure developed in refractory systems during their first heating.
Design practices and guidelines for mooring, anchoring systems design
Creators: name: Arramounet, Valentin
name: Chemineau, Maxime
name: Castillo, Florian
name: Méchinaud, Lucas
name: Mahfouz, Mohammad Youssef
name: Pan, Qi
name: Willeke, Leonard
name: Bredmose, Henrik
name: Gözcü, Ozan
name: Pollini, Nicolò
name: Borisade, Friedemann
name: Casal, Pau Trubat
name: Climent Molins
name: Guanche, Raúl
name: Somoano, Miguel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Floating Wind
Recommendations
Design Practises
Mooring and Anchors

description: Consolidating the findings of WP2, a report to inform best practices, recommendations and design guidelines considering implications of different mooring and anchoring options within the context of next level commercial scale floating wind farms. This will include technology roadmapping for challenges identified within the work scope undertaken, to inform the industry on necessary next steps to achieve ambitions for floating wind within the envisaged timescales.
Serotonin transporter gene polymorphisms and depressive symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Creators: name: Yohannes, Abebaw Mengistu
name: Kohen, Ruth
name: Nguyen, Huong Q.
name: Pike, Kenneth C.
name: Borson, Soo
name: Fan, Vincent S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Background: We examined the relationship between polymorphisms in the promoter region of the serotonin transport (SERT) gene (5-HTTLPR, short ‘S’ and long ‘L’ alleles) and in intron 2 variable number tandem repeat (STin2VNTR, 9, 10, or 12-repeat alleles) with depression or anxiety in patients with COPD. Methods: 302 patients with moderate to severe COPD participated in SERT study. History and number of prior depressive episodes were measured using the Structured Clinical Interview for Depression; Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HAD) depression ≥8 or a Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) >,10. Results: 240 (80%) male sample had a mean age of 68.0 years. Current depression was 22% (HAD) or 21% (PHQ-9), anxiety was 25% (HAD), and suicidal ideation (6%). 5-HTTLPR or STin2 VNTR genotypes were not associated with current depressive or anxiety symptoms. The mean number of prior depressive episodes was higher for patients with the 5-HTTLPR genotype S/S or S/L compared with L/L (4.4 ± 6.1; 5.3 ± 6.8; 4.0 ± 6.1, p Conclusions: SERT 5-HTTLPR and STin2-VNTR polymorphisms were not associated with current depressive and anxiety symptoms, but the high-risk STin2-VNTR genotypes and S/L were associated with the number of prior depressive episodes.
CARRAZ, Damien (dir.) – Les Ordres Militaires dans La Ville Médiévale (1100-1350): actes du colloque international de Clermont-Ferrand, 26-28 mai 2010. Clermont-Ferrand: Presses Universitaires Blaise-Pascal, 2013. 312 p. ISBN 978-2-84516-558-5
Creators: name: Oliveira, Luís Filipe
Publisher: name: Lusitania Sacra
Year: 2015

description: Lusitania Sacra, n. 31 (2015): Vivências Religiosas Femininas Medievais