cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Resolutions of C^n/Z_n Orbifolds, their U(1) Bundles, and Applications to String Model Building
Creators: name: Nibbelink, S. Groot
name: Trapletti, M.
name: Walter, M. G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe blowups of C^n/Z_n orbifolds as complex line bundles over CP^{n-1}. We construct some gauge bundles on these resolutions. Apart from the standard embedding, we describe U(1) bundles and an SU(n-1) bundle. Both blowups and their gauge bundles are given explicitly. We investigate ten dimensional SO(32) super Yang-Mills theory coupled to supergravity on these backgrounds. The integrated Bianchi identity implies that there are only a finite number of U(1) bundle models. We describe how the orbifold gauge shift vector can be read off from the gauge background. In this way we can assert that in the blow down limit these models correspond to heterotic C^2/Z_2 and C^3/Z_3 orbifold models. (Only the Z_3 model with unbroken gauge group SO(32) cannot be reconstructed in blowup without torsion.) This is confirmed by computing the charged chiral spectra on the resolutions. The construction of these blowup models implies that the mismatch between type-I and heterotic models on T^6/Z_3 does not signal a complication of S-duality, but rather a problem of type-I model building itself: The standard type-I orbifold model building only allows for a single model on this orbifold, while the blowup models give five different models in blow down.
description: 1+27 pages LaTeX, 2 figures, some typos corrected
Recordings of elicitation sessions on color terms and ideophones
Creators: name: Sergio Salazar, Emilia
name: O'Hagan, Zachary
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: cot

description: 2 WAV files, 2 MOV files. Audio recorded with Zoom H4N internal microphones; video recorded in 4K with Olympus OM-D E-M10 Mark III (30-minute file maximum; external audio not combined with video). Single WAV file of elicitation session on ideophones spans two corresponding video files.
Loricophrya scanica
Creators: name: Dovgal, Tapas Chatterjee ı Igor
name: Fernandez-Leborans, Gregorio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Protozoa
Ciliophora
Phyllopharyngea
Paracinetida
Loricophryidae
Loricophrya
Loricophrya scanica
Kinetofragminophora
Suctorida
Acinetidae
Paracineta
Paracineta scanica
Chromista
Lissacineta
Lissacineta scanica

description: Loricophrya scanica (Allgénı 1934)
 = Paracineta scanica Allgénı 1934
 = Lissacineta scanica (Allgénı 1934)
 Report as epibiont on nematodes
 This species was recorded on Spirinia parasitifera (Bastianı 1865) from Southern Kattegatt (Denmark) (Allgén 1934).
 Remarks
 Chatterjee et al. (2019a) placed Paracineta scanica Allgénı 1934 into the genus Loricophrya.
description: Published as part of Dovgal, Tapas Chatterjee ı Igor & Fernandez-Leborans, Gregorio, 2019, A checklist of suctorian epibiont ciliates (Ciliophora) found on meiobenthic marine nematodes, pp. 2133-2143 in Journal of Natural History 53 (33) on pages 2133-2143, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2019.1692085, http://zenodo.org/record/3654827
Concerns About Psychiatric Neurosurgery and How They Can Be Overcome: Recommendations for Responsible Research
Creators: name: Müller, Sabine
name: Van Oosterhout, Ansel
name: Bervoets, Chris
name: Christen, Markus
name: Martínez-Álvarez, Roberto
name: Bittlinger, Merlin
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychiatric neurosurgery
subject: Deep brain stimulation
subject: Gamma Knife
subject: Capsulotomy
subject: Cingulotomy
subject: MRgFUS
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Psychiatric neurosurgery is experiencing a revival. Beside deep brain stimulation (DBS), several ablative neurosurgical procedures are currently in use. Each approach has a different profile of advantages and disadvantages. However, many psychiatrists, ethicists, and laypeople are sceptical about psychiatric neurosurgery. Methods: We identify the main concerns against psychiatric neurosurgery, and discuss the extent to which they are justified and how they might be overcome. We review the evidence for the effectiveness, efficacy and safety of each approach, and discuss how this could be improved. We analyse whether and, if so, how randomised controlled trials (RCTs) can be used in the different approaches, and what alternatives are available if conducting RCTs is impossible for practical or ethical reasons. Specifically, we analyse the problem of failed RCTs after promising open-label studies. Results: The main concerns are: (i) reservations based on historical psychosurgery, (ii) concerns about personality changes, (iii) concerns regarding localised interventions, and (iv) scepticism due to the lack of scientific evidence. Given the need for effective therapies for treatment-refractory psychiatric disorders and preliminary evidence for the effectiveness of psychiatric neurosurgery, further research is warranted and necessary. Since psychiatric neurosurgery has the potential to modify personality traits, it should be held to the highest ethical and scientific standards. Conclusions: Psychiatric neurosurgery procedures with preliminary evidence for efficacy and an acceptable risk-benefit profile include DBS and micro- or radiosurgical anterior capsulotomy for intractable obsessive-compulsive disorder. These methods may be considered for individual treatment attempts, but multi-centre RCTs are necessary to provide reliable evidence.
Unified Interpretation of Softmax Cross-Entropy and Negative Sampling: With Case Study for Knowledge Graph Embedding
Creators: name: Kamigaito, Hidetaka
name: Hayashi, Katsuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In knowledge graph embedding, the theoretical relationship between the softmax cross-entropy and negative sampling loss functions has not been investigated. This makes it difficult to fairly compare the results of the two different loss functions. We attempted to solve this problem by using the Bregman divergence to provide a unified interpretation of the softmax cross-entropy and negative sampling loss functions. Under this interpretation, we can derive theoretical findings for fair comparison. Experimental results on the FB15k-237 and WN18RR datasets show that the theoretical findings are valid in practical settings.
description: Accepted at ACL-IJCNLP 2021
Structural and transport properties of highly Ru-deficient SrRu0.7O3 thin films prepared by molecular beam epitaxy: comparison with stoichiometric SrRuO3
Creators: name: Wakabayashi, Yuki K.
name: Kaneta-Takada, Shingo
name: Krockenberger, Yoshiharu
name: Takiguchi, Kosuke
name: Ohya, Shinobu
name: Tanaka, Masaaki
name: Taniyasu, Yoshitaka
name: Yamamoto, Hideki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate structural and transport properties of highly Ru-deficient SrRu0.7O3 thin films prepared by molecular beam epitaxy on (001) SrTiO3 substrates. To distinguish the influence of the two types of disorders in the films, Ru vacancies within lattices and disorders near the interface, SrRu0.7O3 thin films with various thicknesses (t = 1-60 nm) were prepared. It was found that the influence of the former dominates the electrical and magnetic properties when t > 5-10 nm, while that of the latter does when t < 5-10 nm. Structural characterizations revealed that the crystallinity, in terms of the Sr and O sublattices, of SrRu0.7O3 thin films, is as high as that of the ultrahigh-quality SrRuO3 ones. The Curie temperature (TC) analysis elucidated that SrRu0.7O3 (TC = 140 K) is a material distinct from SrRuO3 (TC = 150 K). Despite the large Ru deficiency (30%), the SrRu0.7O3 films showed metallic conduction when t > 5 nm. In high-field magnetoresistance measurements, the fascinating phenomenon of Weyl fermion transport was not observed for the SrRu0.7O3 thin films irrespective of thickness, which is in contrast to the stoichiometric SrRuO3 films. The (magneto)transport properties suggest that a picture of carrier scattering due to the Ru vacancies is appropriate for SrRu0.7O3, and also that proper stoichiometry control is a prerequisite to utilizing the full potential of SrRuO3 as a magnetic Weyl semimetal and two-dimensional spin-polarized system. Nevertheless, the large tolerance in Ru composition (30 %) to metallic conduction is advantageous for some practical applications where SrRu1-xO3 is exploited as an epitaxial conducting layer.
Fatal infection caused by a genetically distinct elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus type 5 in a captive Asian elephant in Germany
Creators: name: Abdelgawad, Azza
name: Nascimento, Mariana
name: Prahl, Adriane
name: Flügger, Michael
name: Szentiks, Claudia A.
name: Holtze, Susanne
name: Hildebrandt, Thomas B.
name: Trimpert, Jakob
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: EEHV5
subject: Elephant
subject: Full genome sequencing
subject: SNPs
subject: Haemorrhagic disease
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Background Elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) infection is the most common cause for lethal hemorrhagic disease in captive juvenile Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). Although EEHV1 is known as the most likely cause of fatal haemorrhagic disease in Asian elephants, EEHV5 was lately involved in lethal cases of haemorrhagic disease in captive elephants. Case presentation Here we report the first death of a four-year old Asian elephant diagnosed with EEHV5 in Germany. Molecular diagnosis yielded detection of EEHV5 DNA in all tested tissues. Histopathological examination revealed typical features of hemorrhagic disease in all examined organs. EEHV5 was sequenced from total DNA isolated from heart tissue by Illumina and Nanopore sequencing. Sequencing data showed 3,881 variants, distributed across the entire genome, compared to the published EEHV5 sequence. Conclusions We have detected EEHV5 in a fatal disease case of a male Asian elephant. Whole genome sequencing revealed substantial differences of our DNA isolate compared to available EEHV5 sequences. This report of fatal haemorrhagic disease associated with EEHV5 infection should raise awareness for EEHV5 as an important elephant pathogen. Genome sequencing and downstream SNPs analysis will further encourage future research to understand genetic diversity, pathogenesis and virulence of EEHVs with respect to developing new diagnostic methods, prophylactic strategies, and implementation of surveillance and control measures.
An Improved Penalty-Based Excited-State Variational Monte Carlo Approach with Deep-Learning Ansatzes
Creators: name: Szabó, P. Bernát
name: Schätzle, Zeno
name: Entwistle, Michael T.
name: Noé, Frank
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: penalty-based variational quantum Monte Carlo
subject: improvement
subject: Deep-Learning
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: We introduce several improvements to the penalty-based variational quantum Monte Carlo (VMC) algorithm for computing electronic excited states of Entwistle et al. [Nat. Commun. 14, 274 (2023)] and demonstrate that the accuracy of the updated method is competitive with other available excited-state VMC approaches. A theoretical comparison of the computational aspects of these algorithms is presented, where several benefits of the penalty-based method are identified. Our main contributions include an automatic mechanism for tuning the scale of the penalty terms, an updated form of the overlap penalty with proven convergence properties, and a new term that penalizes the spin of the wave function, enabling the selective computation of states with a given spin. With these improvements, along with the use of the latest self-attention-based ansatz, the penalty-based method achieves a mean absolute error below 1 kcal/mol for the vertical excitation energies of a set of 26 atoms and molecules, without relying on variance matching schemes. Considering excited states along the dissociation of the carbon dimer, the accuracy of the penalty-based method is on par with that of natural-excited-state (NES) VMC, while also providing results for additional sections of the potential energy surface, which were inaccessible with the NES method. Additionally, the accuracy of the penalty-based method is improved for a conical intersection of ethylene, with the predicted angle of the intersection agreeing well with both NES-VMC and multireference configuration interaction.
Loricophrya bosporica Sergeeva and Dovgali 2016
Creators: name: Dovgal, Tapas Chatterjee ı Igor
name: Fernandez-Leborans, Gregorio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Protozoa
Ciliophora
Phyllopharyngea
Paracinetida
Loricophryidae
Loricophrya
Loricophrya bosporica

description: Loricophrya bosporica Sergeeva and Dovgalı 2016
 Report as epibiont on nematodes
 Individuals of Desmoscolex minutus Claparèdeı 1863 were infected with Lorycophrya bosporica suctorians from Istanbul Strait’ s areaı Bosporus regionı the Black Sea (Sergeeva and Dovgal 2016). Loricophrya bosporica was also found on Metachromadoroides remanei (Gerlachı 1951) from the Ria Formosa lagoonı Southern Portugal (Ivanova et al. 2017).
 Remarks
 L. bosporica was found both in the anoxic zone of the Black Sea and in methane seeps; hence it might be characterised as extremophile.
description: Published as part of Dovgal, Tapas Chatterjee ı Igor & Fernandez-Leborans, Gregorio, 2019, A checklist of suctorian epibiont ciliates (Ciliophora) found on meiobenthic marine nematodes, pp. 2133-2143 in Journal of Natural History 53 (33) on pages 2133-2143, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2019.1692085, http://zenodo.org/record/3654827
The VLA/ALMA Nascent Disk and Multiplicity (VANDAM) Survey of Orion Protostars IV. Unveiling the Embedded Intermediate-Mass Protostar and Disk within OMC2-FIR3/HOPS-370
Creators: name: Tobin, John J.
name: Sheehan, Patrick
name: Reynolds, Nickalas
name: Megeath, S. Thomas
name: Osorio, Mayra
name: Anglada, Guillem
name: Diaz-Rodriguez, Ana Karla
name: Furlan, Elise
name: Kratter, Kaitlin
name: Offner, Stella
name: Looney, Leslie
name: Kama, Mihkel
name: Li, Zhi-Yun
name: Hoff, Merel van 't
name: Sadavoy, Sarah
name: Karnath, Nicole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ALMA (0.87~mm and 1.3~mm) and VLA (9~mm) observations toward the candidate intermediate-mass protostar OMC2-FIR3 (HOPS-370; L$_{bol}$~314~L$_{\odot}$) at $\sim$0.1" (40~au) resolution for the continuum emission and ~0.25" (100 au) resolution of nine molecular lines. The dust continuum observed with ALMA at 0.87~mm and 1.3~mm resolve a near edge-on disk toward HOPS-370 with an apparent radius of ~100 au. The VLA observations detect both the disk in dust continuum and free-free emission extended along the jet direction. The ALMA observations of molecular lines (H$_2$CO, SO, CH$_3$OH, $^{13}$CO, C$^{18}$O, NS, and H$^{13}$CN) reveal rotation of the apparent disk surrounding HOPS-370 orthogonal to the jet/outflow direction. We fit radiative transfer models to both the dust continuum structure of the disk and molecular line kinematics of the inner envelope and disk for the H$_2$CO, CH$_3$OH, NS, and SO lines. The central protostar mass is determined to be $\sim$2.5 M_sun with a disk radius of $\sim$94~au, when fit using combinations of the H$_2$CO, CH$_3$OH, NS, and SO lines, consistent with an intermediate-mass protostar. Modeling of the dust continuum and spectral energy distribution (SED) yields a disk mass of 0.035~M$_{\odot}$ (inferred dust+gas) and a dust disk radius of 62~au, thus the dust disk may have a smaller radius than the gas disk, similar to Class II disks. In order to explain the observed luminosity with the measured protostar mass, HOPS-370 must be accreting at a rate between 1.7 and 3.2$\times$10$^{-5}$~M$_{\odot}$~yr$^{-1}$.
description: Accepted to ApJ; 51 pages, 12 Figures, 7 Tables
A Physics Informed Neural Network for Time-Dependent Nonlinear and Higher Order Partial Differential Equations
Creators: name: Mattey, Revanth
name: Ghosh, Susanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A physics informed neural network (PINN) incorporates the physics of a system by satisfying its boundary value problem through a neural network's loss function. The PINN approach has shown great success in approximating the map between the solution of a partial differential equation (PDE) and its spatio-temporal input. However, for strongly non-linear and higher order partial differential equations PINN's accuracy reduces significantly. To resolve this problem, we propose a novel PINN scheme that solves the PDE sequentially over successive time segments using a single neural network. The key idea is to re-train the same neural network for solving the PDE over successive time segments while satisfying the already obtained solution for all previous time segments. Thus it is named as backward compatible PINN (bc-PINN). To illustrate the advantages of bc-PINN, we have used the Cahn Hilliard and Allen Cahn equations, which are widely used to describe phase separation and reaction diffusion systems. Our results show significant improvement in accuracy over the PINN method while using a smaller number of collocation points. Additionally, we have shown that using the phase space technique for a higher order PDE could further improve the accuracy and efficiency of the bc-PINN scheme.
Loricophrya sivertseni
Creators: name: Dovgal, Tapas Chatterjee ı Igor
name: Fernandez-Leborans, Gregorio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Protozoa
Ciliophora
Phyllopharyngea
Paracinetida
Loricophryidae
Loricophrya
Loricophrya sivertseni
Chromista
Exogenida
Thecacinetidae
Thecacineta
Thecacineta sivertseni
Lissacineta
Lissacineta sivertseni

description: Loricophrya sivertseni (Allgénı 1951)
 = Thecacineta sivertseni Allgénı 1951
 = Lissacineta sivertseni (Allgénı 1951)
 Report as epibiont on nematodes
This species was epizoic on the nematode worms from Tautra Island (Frostaı TrØndelagı Trondheimsfjord) Norway (Allgén 1951).
 Remarks
 Matthes (1956) transferred the T. sivertseni into the genus Loricophrya.
description: Published as part of Dovgal, Tapas Chatterjee ı Igor & Fernandez-Leborans, Gregorio, 2019, A checklist of suctorian epibiont ciliates (Ciliophora) found on meiobenthic marine nematodes, pp. 2133-2143 in Journal of Natural History 53 (33) on pages 2133-2143, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2019.1692085, http://zenodo.org/record/3654827
Progressing beyond colonization strategies to understand arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal life history
Creators: name: Camenzind, Tessa
name: Aguilar-Trigueros, Carlos A.
name: Heuck, Meike K.
name: Maerowitz-McMahan, Solomon
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
name: Cornwell, Will K.
name: Powell, Jeff R.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
subject: arbuscular mycorrhizal traits
subject: economics spectrum
subject: fungal stoichiometry
subject: life-history strategies
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Knowledge of differential life-history strategies in arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is relevant for understanding the ecology of this group and its potential role in sustainable agriculture and carbon sequestration. At present, AM fungal life-history theories often focus on differential investment into intra- vs extraradical structures among AM fungal taxa, and its implications for plant benefits. With this Viewpoint we aim to expand these theories by integrating a mycocentric economics- and resource-based life-history framework. As in plants, AM fungal carbon and nutrient demands are stoichiometrically coupled, though uptake of these elements is spatially decoupled. Consequently, investment in morphological structures for carbon vs nutrient uptake is not in competition. We argue that understanding the ecology and evolution of AM fungal life-history trade-offs requires increased focus on variation among structures foraging for the same element, that is within intra- or extraradical structures (in our view a ‘horizontal’ axis), not just between them (‘vertical’ axis). Here, we elaborate on this argument and propose a range of plausible life-history trade-offs that could lead to the evolution of strategies in AM fungi, providing testable hypotheses and creating opportunities to explain AM fungal co-existence, and the context-dependent effects of AM fungi on plant growth and soil carbon dynamics.
Detection of periodic signatures in the solar power spectrum. On the track of l=1 gravity modes
Creators: name: Garcia, R. A.
name: Turck-Chieze, S.
name: Jimenez-Reyes, S. J.
name: Ballot, J.
name: Palle, P. L.
name: Eff-Darwich, A.
name: Mathur, S.
name: Provost, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work we show robust indications of the existence of g modes in the Sun using 10 years of GOLF data. The present analysis is based on the exploitation of the collective properties of the predicted low-frequency (25 to 140 microHz) g modes: their asymptotic nature, which implies a quasi equidistant separation of their periods for a given angular degree (l). The Power Spectrum (PS) of the Power Spectrum Density (PSD), reveals a significant structure indicating the presence of features (peaks) in the PSD with near equidistant periods corresponding to l=1 modes in the range n=-4 to n=-26. The study of its statistical significance of this feature was fully undertaken and complemented with Monte Carlo simulations. This structure has a confidence level better than 99.86% not to be due to pure noise. Furthermore, a detailed study of this structure suggests that the gravity modes have a much more complex structure than the one initially expected (line-widths, magnetic splittings...). Compared to the latest solar models, the obtained results tend to favor a solar core rotating significantly faster than the rest of the radiative zone. In the framework of the Phoebus group, we have also applied the same methodology to other helioseismology instruments on board SoHO and ground based networks.
description: Proceedings of the SOHO-18/GONG2006/HELAS I: Beyond the spherical Sun
Stringent constraint on the radio signal from dark matter annihilation in dwarf spheroidal galaxies using the TGSS
Creators: name: Basu, Arghyadeep
name: Roy, Nirupam
name: Choudhuri, Samir
name: Datta, Kanan K.
name: Sarkar, Debajyoti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) are considered to be one of the favoured dark matter candidates. Searching for any detectable signal due to the annihilation and decay of WIMPs over the entire electromagnetic spectrum has become a matter of interest for the last few decades. WIMP annihilation to Standard Model particles gives rise to a possibility of detection of this signal at low radio frequencies via synchrotron radiation. Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies (dSphs) are expected to contain a huge amount of dark matter which makes them promising targets to search for such large scale diffuse radio emission. In this work, we present a stacking analysis of 23 dSph galaxies observed at low frequency (147.5MHz) as part of the TIFR-GMRT Sky Survey (TGSS). The non-detection of any signal from these stacking exercises put very tight constraints on the dark matter parameters. The best limit comes from the novel method of stacking after scaling the radio images of the individual dSph galaxy fields after scaling them by the respective half-light radius. The constraint on the thermally averaged cross-section is below the thermal relic cross-section value over a range of WIMP mass for reasonable choices of relevant astrophysical parameters. Such analysis using future deeper observation of individual targets as well as stacking can potentially reveal more about the WIMP dark matter properties.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. The definitive version will be available at https://academic.oup.com/mnras
Random Kondo Alloys
Creators: name: Burdin, S.
name: Fulde, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between the Kondo effect and disorder is studied. This is done by applying a matrix coherent potential approximation (CPA) and treating the Kondo interaction on a mean-field level. The resulting equations are shown to agree with those derived by the dynamical mean-field method (DMFT). By applying the formalism to a Bethe tree structure with infinite coordination the effect of diagonal and off-diagonal disorder are studied. Special attention is paid to the behavior of the Kondo- and the Fermi liquid temperature as function of disorder and concentration of the Kondo ions. The non monotonous dependence of these quantities is discussed.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures
Inclination damping on Callisto
Creators: name: Downey, Brynna G.
name: Nimmo, Francis
name: Matsuyama, Isamu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Callisto is thought to possess a subsurface ocean, which will dissipate energy due to obliquity tides. This dissipation should have damped any primordial inclination within 1 Gyr - and yet Callisto retains a present-day inclination. We argue that Callisto's inclination and eccentricity were both excited in the relatively recent past (~0.3 Gyr). This excitation occurred as Callisto migrated outwards according to the "resonance-locking" model and passed through a 2:1 mean-motion resonance with Ganymede. Ganymede's orbital elements were likewise excited by the same event. To explain the present-day orbital elements we deduce a solid-body tidal k2/Q~0.05 for Callisto and a significantly lower value for Ganymede.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, accepted in MNRAS
Teratocephalus lirellus Anderson 1969
Creators: name: P. A. A. LOOF
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1971
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Rhabditida
Teratocephalidae
Teratocephalus
Teratocephalus lirellus

description: Teratocephalus lirellus Anderson, 1969
(Fig. 6 F)
Dimensions of 30 females: L = 0.37 -0.54 mm; a = 31-43; b = 4.1-5.6; c = 2.3 - 3.5; V = 9" 1839- 50.
 Body slender, curved ventrad in death, most strongly in the anal region, whereas the distal part of the tail in many specimens curves to dorsal side. Transverse striae of cuticle 1.3 -1.4 \x apart. Lateral field distinctly demarcated, ending at level of intestine-rectum junction. Lip region offset by constriction, about 8 \x wide and 5 [ ihigh; width of neck immediately behind it about 6 [j,. Cheilorhabdions rather long and thin. Oesophagus of uniform thickness till the oval terminal bulb which occupies one-eighth to one-ninth of its length. Nerve ring and excretory pore about middle of neck. Gonad with only few oocytes; no sperm; a structure resembling an empty spermatheca is present at the flexure. Rectum twice anal body width long. Tail filiform, distally curved into half a circle or more, usually dorsolaterad; its length equal to 19-35 anal body diameters. Vulva inconspicuous; a short postvulval sac is present.
This species is extremely widespread on Spitzbergen; it was found in samples 2, 3, 6, 8, 11, 15, 16, 17, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 46, 47, 48, 49, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57/58, 60, 61, 62, 64, 65 and 66.
 The very long tail and pre-equatorial vulva immediately distinguish this species from T.terrestris (Biitschli, 1873), (cf. Fig. 6 D-E).
description: Published as part of P. A. A. LOOF, 1971, FREELIVING AND PLANT PARASITIC NEMATODES FROM SPITZBERGEN, COLLECTED BY MR. H. VAN ROSSEN, pp. 1-86 in Mededelingen Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen 71 on pages 31-33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8152982
Sub-Doppler laser cooling and magnetic trapping of erbium
Creators: name: Berglund, Andrew J.
name: Lee, Siu Au
name: McClelland, Jabez J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate cooling mechanisms in magneto-optically and magnetically trapped erbium. We find efficient sub-Doppler cooling in our trap, which can persist even in large magnetic fields due to the near degeneracy of two Lande g factors. Furthermore, a continuously loaded magnetic trap is demonstrated where we observe temperatures below 25 microkelvin. These favorable cooling and trapping properties suggest a number of scientific possibilities for rare-earth atomic physics, including narrow linewidth laser cooling and spectroscopy, unique collision studies, and degenerate bosonic and fermionic gases with long-range magnetic dipole coupling.
The number of optimal matchings for Euclidean Assignment on the line
Creators: name: Caracciolo, Sergio
name: Erba, Vittorio
name: Sportiello, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Random Euclidean Assignment Problem in dimension $d=1$, with linear cost function. In this version of the problem, in general, there is a large degeneracy of the ground state, i.e. there are many different optimal matchings (say, $\sim \exp(S_N)$ at size $N$). We characterize all possible optimal matchings of a given instance of the problem, and we give a simple product formula for their number. Then, we study the probability distribution of $S_N$ (the zero-temperature entropy of the model), in the uniform random ensemble. We find that, for large $N$, $S_N \sim \frac{1}{2} N \log N + N s + \mathcal{O}\left( \log N \right)$, where $s$ is a random variable whose distribution $p(s)$ does not depend on $N$. We give expressions for the asymptotics of the moments of $p(s)$, both from a formulation as a Brownian process, and via singularity analysis of the generating functions associated to $S_N$. The latter approach provides a combinatorial framework that allows to compute an asymptotic expansion to arbitrary order in $1/N$ for the mean and the variance of
Ensemble Kalman inversion for image guided guide wire navigation in vascular systems
Creators: name: Hanu, Matei
name: Hesser, Jürgen
name: Kanschat, Guido
name: Moviglia, Javier
name: Schillings, Claudia
name: Stallkamp, Jan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Guide wire navigation
subject: Ensemble Kalman Inversion
subject: Randomized Algorithms
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: This paper addresses the challenging task of guide wire navigation in cardiovascular interventions, focusing on the parameter estimation of a guide wire system using Ensemble Kalman Inversion (EKI) with a subsampling technique. The EKI uses an ensemble of particles to estimate the unknown quantities. However, since the data misfit has to be computed for each particle in each iteration, the EKI may become computationally infeasible in the case of high-dimensional data, e.g. high-resolution images. This issue can been addressed by randomised algorithms that utilize only a random subset of the data in each iteration. We introduce and analyse a subsampling technique for the EKI, which is based on a continuous-time representation of stochastic gradient methods and apply it to on the parameter estimation of our guide wire system. Numerical experiments with real data from a simplified test setting demonstrate the potential of the method.
Soonteni ("Soonteni")
Creators: name: Salazar Torres, Antonina
name: O'Hagan, Zachary
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: cot

description: 6 MOV files. Video recorded in 4K with Olympus OM-D E-M10 Mark III (30-minute file maximum). Text captured only partially due to difficulties in camera battery life across multiple digital files.
Empirical balanced truncation of nonlinear systems
Creators: name: Condon, Marissa
name: Ivanov, Rossen I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93B05, 93B07, 93B15, 93B40

description: Novel constructions of empirical controllability and observability gramians for nonlinear systems for subsequent use in a balanced truncation style of model reduction are proposed. The new gramians are based on a generalisation of the fundamental solution for a Linear Time-Varying system. Relationships between the given gramians for nonlinear systems and the standard gramians for both Linear Time-Invariant and Linear Time-Varying systems are established as well as relationships to prior constructions proposed for empirical gramians. Application of the new gramians is illustrated through a sample test-system.
description: LaTeX, 11 pages, 2 figures
Photon production from an anisotropic quark-gluon plasma
Creators: name: Schenke, Bjoern
name: Strickland, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate photon production from a quark-gluon plasma which is anisotropic in momentum space including the Compton scattering and quark/anti-quark annihilation processes. We show that for a quark-gluon plasma which has an oblate momentum-space anisotropy the photon production rate has an angular dependence which is peaked transverse to the beam line. We propose to use the angular dependence of high-energy medium photon production to experimentally determine the degree of momentum-space isotropy of a quark-gluon plasma produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Deep brain stimulation for Parkinson’s disease–related postural abnormalities: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Spindler, Philipp
name: Alzoobi, Yasmin
name: Kühn, Andrea A.
name: Faust, Katharina
name: Schneider, Gerd-Helge
name: Vajkoczy, Peter
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Deep brain stimulation
subject: Parkinson's disease
subject: Posture
subject: Spine
subject: Neurosurgery
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has become a well-established treatment modality for Parkinson's disease (PD), especially regarding motor fluctuations, dyskinesias, and tremor. Although postural abnormalities (i.e., Camptocormia [CC] and Pisa syndrome [Pisa]) are known to be a major symptom of PD as well, the influence of DBS on postural abnormalities is unclear. The objective of this study is to analyze the existing literature regarding DBS for PD-associated postural abnormalities in a systematic review and meta-analysis. In compliance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 18 studies that reported the effect of DBS regarding postural abnormalities. After screening of 53 studies, a total of 98 patients (44 female, 53 males, 1 not reported; mean age: 62.3, range 30-83 years) with postural abnormalities (CC n = 98; Pisa n = 11) were analyzed from 18 included studies. Of those patients, 94.9% underwent STN-DBS and 5.1% had GPi as DBS target area. A positive outcome was reported for 67.8% with CC and 72.2% with Pisa. In the meta-analysis, younger age and lower pre-operative UPDRS-III (ON/OFF) were found as positive predictive factors for a positive effect of DBS. DBS might be a potentially effective treatment option for PD-associated postural abnormalities. However, the level of evidence is rather low, and definition of postoperative outcome is heterogenous between studies. Therefore larger, prospective trials are necessary to give a clear recommendation.
On the supersymmetric vacua of the Veneziano-Wosiek model
Creators: name: Beccaria, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the supersymmetric vacua of the Veneziano-Wosiek model in sectors with fermion number F=2, 4 at finite 't Hooft coupling lambda. We prove that for F=2 there are two zero energy vacua for lambda > lambda_c = 1 and none otherwise. We give the analytical expressions of both vacua. One of them was previously known, the second one is obtained by solving the cohomology of the supersymmetric charges. At F=4 we compute the would-be supersymmetric vacua at high order in the the strong coupling expansion and provide strong support to the conclusion that lambda = 1 is a critical point in this sector too. It separates a strong coupling phase with two symmetric vacua from a weak coupling phase with positive spectrum.
description: 17 pages, 2 eps figures
Canceling the cavity length induced phase noise in an optical ring cavity for phase shift measurement and spin squeezing
Creators: name: Wang, Enlong
name: Verma, Gunjan
name: Tinsley, Jonathan N.
name: Poli, Nicola
name: Salvi, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a new method of light phase shift measurement using a high-finesse optical ring cavity which exhibits reduced phase noise due to cavity length fluctuations. Two laser beams with a frequency difference of one cavity free spectral range are simultaneously resonant with the cavity, demonstrating noise correlations in the error signals due to the common-mode cavity length fluctuations. The differential error signal shows a 30 dB reduction in cavity noise down to the noise floor in a frequency range up to half the cavity linewidth ($δν/2 \simeq 30$ kHz). Various noise sources are analyzed and their contributions to the noise floor are evaluated. Additionally, we apply this noise-reduced phase shift measurement scheme in a simulated spin-squeezing experiment where we have achieved a factor of 40 improvement in phase sensitivity with a phase resolution of 0.7 mrad, which may remove one important barrier against attaining highly spin-squeezed states. The demonstrated method is the first reported measurement using an optical ring cavity and two independent beams, a flexible situation. This method can find direct application to non-destructive measurements in quantum systems, such as for the generation of spin-squeezed states in atom interferometers and atomic clocks.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Euteratocephalus crassidens Andrassy 1958
Creators: name: P. A. A. LOOF
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1971
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Plectida
Metateratocephalidae
Euteratocephalus
Euteratocephalus crassidens

description: Euteratocephalus crassidens (de Man, 1880) Andrässy, 1958
(Fig. 7)
Dimensions of seven females: L = 0.42-0.48 mm; a = 20- 22; b = 4.0-4.4; c = 7. 1- 8. 1; V = 9 -1353 -549 - 13. Amphids 5 (JL in diameter or 40 % of the corresponding body width, located at 18- 20 % of neck length from head end or about 1.6 X width of lip region. These specimens differ from those described by Andrässy (1958) through larger size and through the lip region being definitely broader than the adjacent body. The edges of the lips are very conspicuously sclerotized. Phasmids are definitely present, one anal body width or less behind the anus. The Spitzbergen specimens differ from de Man's types from the Netherlands in having a longer tail, five to six anal body widths against five. The tail is curved strongly to the dorsal side.
An interesting point is the location of the nerve ring. According to de Man it is very broad, located at level of posterior part of isthmus. Andrässy (1958), however, 'states that the nerve ring lies about halfway the neck. The excretory pore in the Spitzbergen specimens lies as indicated by de Man and Andrässy. The nerve ring undoubtedly lies anterior to the excretory pore, in accordance with the observations of Andrässy; however, there is a definite structure around the isthmusagreeingin locationand shape with what de Man described as the nerve ring. This structure is rather transparant and its nature is unknown. It is also present in specimens from Scotland and the Netherlands. Opposite the excretory pore is a small but distinct hemizonid.
Samples 8 and 41.
description: Published as part of P. A. A. LOOF, 1971, FREELIVING AND PLANT PARASITIC NEMATODES FROM SPITZBERGEN, COLLECTED BY MR. H. VAN ROSSEN, pp. 1-86 in Mededelingen Landbouwhogeschool Wageningen 71 on page 33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8152982
Structure-preserving Nonlinear Filtering for Continuous and Discontinuous Galerkin Spectral/hp Element Methods
Creators: name: Zala, Vidhi
name: Kirby, Robert M.
name: Narayan, Akil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 41A25, 41A36, 65D05, 65N30, 65M08, 65M60

description: Finite element simulations have been used to solve various partial differential equations (PDEs) that model physical, chemical, and biological phenomena. The resulting discretized solutions to PDEs often do not satisfy requisite physical properties, such as positivity or monotonicity. Such invalid solutions pose both modeling challenges, since the physical interpretation of simulation results is not possible, and computational challenges, since such properties may be required to advance the scheme. We, therefore, consider the problem of computing solutions that preserve these structural solution properties, which we enforce as additional constraints on the solution. We consider in particular the class of convex constraints, which includes positivity and monotonicity. By embedding such constraints as a postprocessing convex optimization procedure, we can compute solutions that satisfy general types of convex constraints. For certain types of constraints (including positivity and monotonicity), the optimization is a filter, i.e., a norm-decreasing operation. We provide a variety of tests on one-dimensional time-dependent PDEs that demonstrate the method's efficacy, and we empirically show that rates of convergence are unaffected by the inclusion of the constraints.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures
Loricophrya spirinae
Creators: name: Dovgal, Tapas Chatterjee ı Igor
name: Fernandez-Leborans, Gregorio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Protozoa
Ciliophora
Phyllopharyngea
Paracinetida
Loricophryidae
Loricophrya
Loricophrya spirinae
Chromista
Exogenida
Thecacinetidae
Thecacineta
Thecacineta spirinae
Lissacineta
Lissacineta spirinae

description: Loricophrya spirinae (Allgénı 1934)
 = Thecacineta spirinae Allgénı 1934
 = Lissacineta spirinae (Allgénı 1934)
 Report as epibiont on nematodes
 This species was reported on Spirinia parasitifera (Bastianı 1865) from Southern Kattegatt (Denmark) (Allgén 1934).
 Remarks
 Jankowski (1981) proposed the genus Lissacineta for representatives of Thecacineta that have the lorica without folds. Dovgal (2002) commented that the character mentioned above is not a good character for erecting a separate genus and the name Lissacineta Jankowskiı 1981 was synonymised with Thecacineta Collinı 1909.
description: Published as part of Dovgal, Tapas Chatterjee ı Igor & Fernandez-Leborans, Gregorio, 2019, A checklist of suctorian epibiont ciliates (Ciliophora) found on meiobenthic marine nematodes, pp. 2133-2143 in Journal of Natural History 53 (33) on pages 2133-2143, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2019.1692085, http://zenodo.org/record/3654827
Nonequilibrium Physics in Biology
Creators: name: Fang, Xiaona
name: Kruse, Karsten
name: Lu, Ting
name: Wang, Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Life is characterized by a myriad of complex dynamic processes allowing organisms to grow, reproduce, and evolve. Physical approaches for describing systems out of thermodynamic equilibrium have been increasingly applied to living systems, which often exhibit phenomena unknown from those traditionally studied in physics. Spectacular advances in experimentation during the last decade or two, for example, in microscopy, single cell dynamics, in the reconstruction of sub- and multicellular systems outside of living organisms, or in high throughput data acquisition have yielded an unprecedented wealth of data about cell dynamics, genetic regulation, and organismal development. These data have motivated the development and refinement of concepts and tools to dissect the physical mechanisms underlying biological processes. Notably, the landscape and flux theory as well as active hydrodynamic gel theory have proven very useful in this endeavour. Together with concepts and tools developed in other areas of nonequilibrium physics, significant progresses have been made in unraveling the principles underlying efficient energy transport in photosynthesis, cellular regulatory networks, cellular movements and organization, embryonic development and cancer, neural network dynamics, population dynamics and ecology, as well as ageing, immune responses and evolution. Here, we review recent advances in nonequilibrium physics and survey their application to biological systems. We expect many of these results to be important cornerstones as the field continues to build our understanding of life.
Data-driven calibration of penalties for least-squares regression
Creators: name: Arlot, Sylvain
name: Massart, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62G05 (Primary) 62J05 (Secondary)

description: Penalization procedures often suffer from their dependence on multiplying factors, whose optimal values are either unknown or hard to estimate from the data. We propose a completely data-driven calibration algorithm for this parameter in the least-squares regression framework, without assuming a particular shape for the penalty. Our algorithm relies on the concept of minimal penalty, recently introduced by Birge and Massart (2007) in the context of penalized least squares for Gaussian homoscedastic regression. On the positive side, the minimal penalty can be evaluated from the data themselves, leading to a data-driven estimation of an optimal penalty which can be used in practice; on the negative side, their approach heavily relies on the homoscedastic Gaussian nature of their stochastic framework. The purpose of this paper is twofold: stating a more general heuristics for designing a data-driven penalty (the slope heuristics) and proving that it works for penalized least-squares regression with a random design, even for heteroscedastic non-Gaussian data. For technical reasons, some exact mathematical results will be proved only for regressogram bin-width selection. This is at least a first step towards further results, since the approach and the method that we use are indeed general.