cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 Vaccine Rollout Plans Should Consider Spatial Distribution of Age-Specific Population
Creators: name: Kang, Jeon-Young
name: Jung, Jihoon
name: Kim, Kyusik
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In the early phases of COVID-19 vaccine distribution, most countries adopted age-based rollout plans due to vaccine shortages. The plans, however, might overlook different spatial distributions of each age group. In this study, we first examine separate spatial accessibility to vaccine sites varying by different age groups, transportation modes, and times to find differences in spatial patterns of accessibility scores based on the enhanced two-step floating catchment area method. We also investigate spatial inequality in measured accessibility through the Gini coefficient. Finally, we scrutinize to what extent spatial accessibility to vaccine sites is overestimated or underestimated by different age groups. Results showed that there is spatial disparity in accessibility scores between the total population and multiple age-stratified groups. We also found that transportation modes play a significant role in determining spatial patterns of accessibility to vaccine locations, whereas time was not a major factor making differences in spatial accessibility patterns. Our findings suggest that vaccine rollout plans should incorporate age-specific population distribution to maximize accessibility and minimize spatial disparity.
Memory effects in radiative jet energy loss
Creators: name: Michler, Frank
name: Schenke, Björn
name: Greiner, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In heavy-ion collisions the created quark-gluon plasma forms a quickly evolving background, leading to a time dependent radiative behavior of high momentum partons traversing the medium. We use the Schwinger Keldysh formalism to describe the jet evolution as a non-equilibrium process including the Landau-Pomeranschuk-Migdal effect. Concentrating on photon emission, a comparison of our results to a quasistatic calculation shows good agreement, leading to the conclusion that the radiative behavior follows the changes in the medium almost instantaneously.
An interferometric study of the Fomalhaut inner debris disk. I. Near-infrared detection of hot dust with VLTI/VINCI
Creators: name: Absil, Olivier
name: Mennesson, Bertrand
name: Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste Le
name: Di Folco, Emmanuel
name: Kervella, Pierre
name: Augereau, Jean-Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The innermost parts of dusty debris disks around main sequence stars are currently poorly known due to the high contrast and small angular separation with their parent stars. Using near-infrared interferometry, we aim to detect the signature of hot dust around the nearby A4 V star Fomalhaut, which has already been suggested to harbor a warm dust population in addition to a cold dust ring located at about 140 AU. Archival data obtained with the VINCI instrument at the VLTI are used to study the fringe visibility of the Fomalhaut system at projected baseline lengths ranging from 4 m to 140 m in the K band. A significant visibility deficit is observed at short baselines with respect to the expected visibility of the sole stellar photosphere. This is interpreted as the signature of resolved circumstellar emission, producing a relative flux of 0.88% +/- 0.12% with respect to the stellar photosphere. While our interferometric data cannot directly constrain the morphology of the excess emission source, complementary data from the literature allow us to discard an off-axis point-like object as the source of circumstellar emission. We argue that the thermal emission from hot dusty grains located within 6 AU from Fomalhaut is the most plausible explanation for the detected excess. Our study also provides a revised limb-darkened diameter for Fomalhaut (2.223 +/- 0.022 mas), taking into account the effect of the resolved circumstellar emission.
description: 13 pages, accepted for publication in ApJ
title: Fremdsprachenlernen und -lehren im virtuellen Klassenraum und in Internetforen: Eine Möglichkeit zum Erwerb kooperativer und (kommunikativ-)interkultureller Kompetenz im Fremdsprachenunterricht?
Creators: name: Reising-Schapler, Martina
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: In diesem Artikel wird das Lernen auf einer (speziellen) Lernplattform ergänzend bzw. in Kombination mit dem Präsenzunterricht beschrieben.1 Für Personen, die noch nicht in einem virtuellen Klassenraum gelernt und gelehrt haben, scheint diese Interaktionsform schwer nachvollziehbar zu sein. Die Vorstellung, mit mehreren, nicht sichtbaren Kommunikationspartnern in einem virtuellen Raum, z.B. an einer gemeinsamen Aufgabenstellung zu arbeiten und diese in so genannten Konferenzen oder Foren zu diskutieren und z.B. zusätzlich die Möglichkeit zu haben, im eigenen Lerntempo eine online gestellte Lektion durchzuarbeiten, gezielte Fragen an den betreuenden Lehrer2 , den so genannten E-Tutor und/oder an andere Teilnehmer3 zu schicken, d.h. auf verschiedenen Ebenen parallel zu agieren und sich über weitere Themen auszutauschen, scheint bei vielen Lehrern und Dozenten „Skepsis“ hervorzurufen. Vor allem die Möglichkeit, als Gruppe online zu kommunizieren, auf den Input von vielen Lernern zu reagieren und im Idealfall davon zu profitieren, wird im (Fremdsprachen-)Unterricht in Deutschland bis dato leider wenig genutzt. Der Unterschied zum Lernen im realen Klassenraum liegt m.E. vor allem darin, dass im Vergleich zum realen Lernraum, in dem Objekte in einer bestimmten Art und Weis e zueinander stehen, [...] der virtuelle Lernraum durch virtuelle Objekte konstituiert [wird]. Dieser virtuelle Raum ist nicht eigentlich vorhanden und muss daher aus didaktischer Perspektive besetzt und strukturiert werden. [Dadurch] werden unterschiedliche Raumvorstellungen geweckt, finden didaktisch relevante Situationen statt, in denen spezifisches Lernverhalten erforderlich wird. (Rautenstrauch 2001: 72) Das Agieren bzw. das Lernen in diesen virtuellen Räumen beschreiben Lang und Pätzold (2002: 30) wie folgt: Durch die Verknüpfung vieler Computer zu Netzwerken entsteht ein neuartiger Lernraum, der auf differenzierte Weise für Kommunikation und Interaktion genutzt werden kann. Dieser virtuelle Raum lässt sich weiter in verschiedene Lernräume wie z.B. einen Informationsraum, einen Instruktionsraum, einen Kommunikationsraum, einen Kollaborationsraum, einen Dokumentationsraum, einem Multimediaraum oder einen Simulationsraum unterteilen, die jeweils spezifische Lernaktivitäten ermöglichen.
Size matters
Creators: name: Iniesta, JC. del Toro
name: Suarez, D. Orozco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The new generation of ground-based, large-aperture solar telescopes promises to significantly increase our capabilities to understand the many basic phenomena taking place in the Sun at all atmospheric layers and how they relate to each other. A (non-exaustive) summary of the main scientific arguments we have to pursue these impressive technological goals is presented. We illustrate how imaging, polarimetry, and spectroscopy can benefit from the new telescopes and how several wavelength bands should be observed to study the atmospheric coupling from the upper convection zone all the way to the corona. The particular science case of sunspot penumbrae is barely discussed as a specific example.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomische Nachrichten
Using the bootstrap to quantify the authority of an empirical ranking
Creators: name: Hall, Peter
name: Miller, Hugh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G09 (Primary) 62G30 (Secondary)

description: The bootstrap is a popular and convenient method for quantifying the authority of an empirical ordering of attributes, for example of a ranking of the performance of institutions or of the influence of genes on a response variable. In the first of these examples, the number, $p$, of quantities being ordered is sometimes only moderate in size; in the second it can be very large, often much greater than sample size. However, we show that in both types of problem the conventional bootstrap can produce inconsistency. Moreover, the standard $n$-out-of-$n$ bootstrap estimator of the distribution of an empirical rank may not converge in the usual sense; the estimator may converge in distribution, but not in probability. Nevertheless, in many cases the bootstrap correctly identifies the support of the asymptotic distribution of ranks. In some contemporary problems, bootstrap prediction intervals for ranks are particularly long, and in this context, we also quantify the accuracy of bootstrap methods, showing that the standard bootstrap gets the order of magnitude of the interval right, but not the constant multiplier of interval length. The $m$-out-of-$n$ bootstrap can improve performance and produce statistical consistency, but it requires empirical choice of $m$; we suggest a tuning solution to this problem. We show that in genomic examples, where it might be expected that the standard, ``synchronous'' bootstrap will successfully accommodate nonindependence of vector components, that approach can produce misleading results. An ``independent component'' bootstrap can overcome these difficulties, even in cases where components are not strictly independent.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOS699 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Stability of racemic and chiral steady states in open and closed chemical systems
Creators: name: Ribo, Josep M.
name: Hochberg, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The stability properties of models of spontaneous mirror symmetry breaking in chemistry are characterized algebraically. The models considered here all derive either from the Frank model or from autocatalysis with limited enantioselectivity. Emphasis is given to identifying the critical parameter controlling the chiral symmetry breaking transition from racemic to chiral steady-state solutions. This parameter is identified in each case, and the constraints on the chemical rate constants determined from dynamic stability are derived.
description: 25 pages, 1 figure. To appear in Physics Letters A (2008)
Ultrashort dead time of photon-counting InGaAs avalanche photodiodes
Creators: name: Dixon, A. R.
name: Dynes, J. F.
name: Yuan, Z. L.
name: Sharpe, A. W.
name: Bennett, A. J.
name: Shields, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a 1.036 GHz gated Geiger mode InGaAs avalanche photodiode with a detection dead time of just 1.93 ns. This is demonstrated by full recovery of the detection efficiency two gate cycles after a detection event, as well as a measured maximum detection rate of 497 MHz. As an application, we measure the second order correlation function $g^{(2)}$ of the emission from a diode laser with a single detector which works reliably at high speed owing to the extremely short dead time of the detector. The device is ideal for high bit rate fiber wavelength quantum key distribution and photonic quantum computing.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. Updated to published version
Normative study on 500 Hz tone burst vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) assessment
Creators: name: McGrath, Lauren Gene
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012

description: The goal of the current study was to establish normative data on the various response indices of the VEMP assessment, when the response was elicited to 500 Hz tone burst stimuli. Eighteen adults with normally functioning vestibular systems participated in the current study. Responses were recorded on the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscles on each side of the necks of these subjects. Ipsilateral and contralateral recordings occurred for both sides of the neck, with the ipsilateral channel recording from the contracted SCM muscle on the same side of the monaural stimulation of 500 Hz tone burst stimuli, and the contralateral channel recording from the non-contracted SCM muscle on the opposite side to stimulation. The tonic EMG levels of the SCM muscle contraction were recorded during VEMP recordings for the ipsilaterally contracted SCM muscles. Two supra-threshold (i.e., 95 and 90 dB nHL) stimulus intensities were utilized to explore the characteristics of the robust VEMP response. Several response indices were measured from these supra-threshold VEMP responses. These included: (1) the absolute latency value of waves p13 and n23; (2) the peak-to-peak amplitude values of p13-n23; (3) interaural asymmetry ratio values for amplitude (4) laterality of the VEMP response; and (5) tonic EMG levels recorded during the supra-threshold VEMP recordings. The VEMP response was evaluated at lower stimulus intensities (i.e., 70-85 dB nHL) to determine each subject?s VEMP threshold. The findings from the current study were, for the most part, found to be consistent with the VEMP literature. Latency values were stable across subjects for each of the VEMP components. Peak-to-peak amplitude values of p13-n23 were highly variable across our subjects. Interaural asymmetry ratio values were largely less than 30%, but in some cases were elevated and/or differed across stimulus intensities in the same subject. VEMP thresholds were consistent with the documented literature. The VEMP response was found to be largely dominant in the ipsilateral recording channel. Tonic EMG levels were found to be extremely variable across subjects with the natural contraction of SCM muscles. However, these tonic EMG levels were found to be very consistent across VEMP recordings in a single subject.
description: (Au. D.) -- Towson University, 2013.
title: Die Rolle der Übersetzung in die Ausgangssprache für den Wortschatzerwerb in der Fremdsprache
Creators: name: Lutjeharms, Madeline
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Juliane House hat zahlreiche grundlegende Arbeiten über das Übersetzen geschrieben. Später hat sie zudem viel über Fremdsprachenunterricht geschrieben und in den letzten Jahren einiges über Übersetzen im Fremdsprachenunterricht. Dabei geht es ihr vor allem um die Text- oder Diskursebene. Sie hat über interkulturelle Unterschiede geforscht, besonders in Bezug auf das Englische und das Deutsche (z.B. House 1998). Mit anregenden Beispielen hat sie gezeigt, wie man die Übersetzung zur Bewusstmachung solcher kulturellen Unterschiede im Unterricht einsetzen kann (z.B. House 2001). Im Folgenden geht es ebenfalls um Übersetzung und Fremdsprachen, doch in einem anderen Sinne. Es geht um einzelne Wörter, nicht um Texte oder Diskurse, es geht um die unteren Ebenen der Sprachverwendung und es geht um das Sprachwissen im Gedächtnis, nicht um das Weltwissen. In einem Text zum Thema Wortschatzerwerb schlägt House (1995) eine ganze Reihe von Forschungsfragen vor. Dazu gehören einige Fragen, auf die im Folgenden näher eingegangen wird, wie die Struktur des mentalen Lexikons oder die Art der „Verbindung zwischen lexikalischen Einheiten in L1 und L2“ (House 1995: 94). Lange wurde der Wortschatzerwerb in der Fremdsprachenerwerbsforschung vernachlässigt (House 1995: 92). Inzwischen hat sich die Lage zwar gebessert, doch es fehlt ein „führendes Theoriemodell“ (Schmidt 2002: 336). Im Falle der Mehrsprachigkeit sind unterschiedliche Beziehungen zwischen Wortform(en) und -bedeutung(en) möglich, wobei die Art des Spracherwerbs und des Einsatzes der Sprachkenntnisse vermutlich eine Rolle spielt. Auch bestimmte Worteigenschaften scheinen die Art der Wortrepräsentation zu beeinflussen. Darüber sind in der kognitionspsychologischen Literatur einige Daten gesammelt worden, die für die Rolle der Wortübersetzung beim Fremdsprachenerwerb aufschlussreich sein dürften. Zu dieser Rolle wurden auch DaF-Lernende befragt. Nach der Besprechung experimenteller Daten und Beobachtungen zum Verhältnis Ausgangssprache (L1)/Zielsprache (L2) auf der Ebene der Wortrepräsentationen wird die Befragung kurz vorgestellt. Sowohl bei den Daten aus der kognitionspsychologischen Literatur wie bei der Befragung geht es um Erwachsene.
Additional file 1 of Time outdoors positively associates with academic performance: a school-based study with objective monitoring of outdoor time
Creators: name: Wang, Jingjing
name: Sankaridurg, Padmaja
name: Naduvilath, Thomas
name: Li, Wayne
name: Morgan, Ian G.
name: Rose, Kathryn A.
name: Weng, Rebecca
name: Xu, Xun
name: He, Xiangui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Information about the wearable device. Appendix 2. Algorithm of outdoor/indoor discrimination. Appendix 3. Compliance.
title: House Work and Student Work: A Study in Cross-cultural Understanding
Creators: name: Seidlhofer, Barbara
name: Widdowson, Henry
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: The title of this volume refers to translation, language acquisition and intercultural communication, and to living with more than one language. In a way, our contribution has to do with all of these, but from our particular perspective of textual pragmatics. Textual pragmatics is, of course, a particularly appropriate topic for this volume, and so is the text we have taken for analysis. For it is a recent paper by Juliane House herself, entitled “Developing pragmatic competence in English as a lingua franca” (House 2002). What we propose to do is to consider what kind of reaction this paper gives rise to among a group of its readers, readers in fact who are themselves developing such a competence in the language, and to speculate a little on the general question of how readers assign significance to texts in different ways. Such a question, of course, involves the kinds of issue that arise in crosscultural pragmatics and translation. The readers whose responses we are examining were asked to read the paper (we shall for convenience refer to as ‘developing pragmatic competence’ or ‘DPC’ in what follows) from their own point of view as students and prospective teachers of English. They were therefore encouraged to interpret the text, and render its significance in the light of their own cultural assumptions. In this sense, their responses can be taken as various translated versions of the original.
Determining the Quality of Irrigation Water
Creators: name: Wilcox, Lloyd V.
name: Wilcox, Lloyd V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1958
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The quality of an irrigation water depends upon the kind and amount of salts that are dissolved in it. A chemical analysis will show what salts are present and in what amount. From such an analysis, it is possible to decide on the suitability of the water for irrigation use. The purposes of this publication are: 1. To describe the characteristics of an irrigation water that determine its quality. 2. To indicate the type of water analysis that is required. 3. To show how to judge quality from the water analysis.
title: Διερεύνηση ικανοποίησης πολιτών σε δημόσιες υπηρεσίες. Μελέτη περίπτωσης της Διεύθυνσης Μεταφορών και Επικοινωνιών της Περιφερειακής Ενότητας Ηρακλείου
title: Investigation the citizen’s satisfaction in public services. Case study of the Directorate of Transport and Communications of Regional Unit of Heraklion
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Βασσάλου, Μαρία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πελοποννήσου
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Δημόσια διοίκηση -- Ελλάδα
subject: Διοίκηση και οργάνωση
subject: Δημόσιες υπηρεσίες, οργανισμοί και επιχειρήσεις -- Υπηρεσίες
subject: Διοίκηση ολικής ποιότητας
subject: Δημόσιος οργανισμός/υπαλληλία-προϊόν
subject: Διαφορές επιχειρήσεων και δημόσιων οργανισμών
subject: Πολίτης/πελάτης
subject: Μέτρηση ικανοποίησης
subject: Μέτρηση ποιότητας
subject: Σχέση ποιότητας-ικανοποίησης
subject: ΔΟΠ
subject: ΔΜΣ
subject: ΚΠΑ
subject: Public organization/services
subject: Differences between businesses and public organizations
subject: Citizen/customer
subject: Satisfaction measurement
subject: Quality measurement
subject: Quality and satisfaction relationship
subject: TQM
subject: MBO
subject: CAF

description: Αρ. Εισ.: 106 cd
description: Η συγκεκριμένη εργασία, διερευνά τον βαθμό ικανοποίησης των πολιτών που συναλλάσσονται με την Διεύθυνση Μεταφορών και Επικοινωνιών της Περιφερειακής Ενότητας Ηρακλείου, αλλά και του βαθμού που εκτιμούν οι υπάλληλοι της ότι έχουν απαντήσει οι πολίτες, ώστε να ελεγχθεί πόσο ικανοποιημένοι είναι οι πολίτες σε μια σειρά παραγόντων-παραμέτρων, αλλά και να ελεγχθεί εάν η εκτίμηση των υπαλλήλων πλησιάζει την πραγματική άποψη των πολιτών, καθώς υπάρχει η τάση οι οργανισμοί να έχουν για το εαυτό τους διαφορετική στάση από ότι πραγματικά νιώθουν οι άνθρωποι που τους εξυπηρετούν, προσφέροντάς τους τις υπηρεσίες τους. Επιπλέον, διεξάγεται έλεγχος για το τι συμπεράσματα μπορούν να προκύψουν για την ικανοποίηση των πολιτών ανάλογα το φύλο, την ηλικία, το μορφωτικό επίπεδο και την συχνότητα συναλλαγής των πολιτών με την «Διεύθυνση». Με δεδομένη την σημασία, όπως θα δειχθεί, της διερεύνησης της ικανοποίησης, στην εργασία αναδεικνύονται οι παράγοντες-παράμετροι στους οποίους η «ΠΕ Ηρακλείου» δεν τα έχει πάει και τόσο καλά, αναδεικνύοντας την αναγκαιότητα για εκείνη, να σπεύσει στον λεγόμενο Έλεγχο Ποιότητας, με αυτοαξιολόγησή της βάσει του Κοινού Πλαισίου Αξιολόγησης (ΚΠΑ) της ΕΕ ως εργαλείο Διοίκηση Ολικής Ποιότητας (ΔΟΠ), για την βελτίωσή της, για την παροχή ποιοτικών – των καλύτερων δυνατών υπηρεσιών στους πολίτες
Asymptotic theory for the semiparametric accelerated failure time model with missing data
Creators: name: Nan, Bin
name: Kalbfleisch, John D.
name: Yu, Menggang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62E20, 62N01 (Primary) 62D05 (Secondary)

description: We consider a class of doubly weighted rank-based estimating methods for the transformation (or accelerated failure time) model with missing data as arise, for example, in case-cohort studies. The weights considered may not be predictable as required in a martingale stochastic process formulation. We treat the general problem as a semiparametric estimating equation problem and provide proofs of asymptotic properties for the weighted estimators, with either true weights or estimated weights, by using empirical process theory where martingale theory may fail. Simulations show that the outcome-dependent weighted method works well for finite samples in case-cohort studies and improves efficiency compared to methods based on predictable weights. Further, it is seen that the method is even more efficient when estimated weights are used, as is commonly the case in the missing data literature. The Gehan censored data Wilcoxon weights are found to be surprisingly efficient in a wide class of problems.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOS657 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
The impact of classroom furniture on third grade children's occupational performance
Creators: name: Wingrat, Jennifer K.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Schools -- Furniture, equipment, etc.
subject: Classroom environment
subject: Grading and marking (Students)

description: Being a student is a primary occupation for children. Theoretical principles of the Person-Environment-Occupation Model suggest that interactions between people, environments, and the occupations they perform affect occupational performance. Studies show that classroom furniture is often too large for schoolchildren; there is little study of the impact on classroom occupational performance. This study used a repeated measure correlated groups design to assess relationships among furniture fit, sitting behaviors, on-task behaviors, math scores, and comfort in 31 third grade children, and handwriting legibility in a subset of 15 children while sitting in large standard classroom furniture and smaller standard and ergonomic furniture. The students demonstrated significantly better sitting and on-task behaviors and higher math test scores in the smaller, better fitting furniture. Students sat significantly better in the ergonomic chairs; better sitting behaviors were correlated with better handwriting legibility. The study supports the significance of environmental features for children's occupational performance.
description: (Sc.D.) -- Towson University, 2007. Thesis approval page signed by thesis committee members and the Dean of the College of Graduate Studies and Research included in print copy of thesis.
title: Full-Sphere Characterization of Low-Gain Antennas via Truncated Field Pattern Stitching
Creators: name: Soklic, Jure
name: Arthaber, Holger
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2022
Subjects: Antenna measurements
Weight measurement
Coaxial cables
Measurement uncertainty
Measurement techniques
Minimization
Iterative methods

description: Our work proposes a novel method for obtaining full-sphere radiation patterns from truncated measurements. This is achieved by stitching partially overlapping truncated field patterns, which together cover the whole measurement sphere. Measuring an antenna in different orientations results in a misalignment between measurements which is not perfectly known and needs to be accounted for in order to stitch the patterns together. The method first makes use of an iterative procedure to compute spherical wave coefficients (SWCs) capable of accurately describing the truncated patterns. A bounded minimization of the NMSE in the overlapping range between patterns is then done, varying through a range of translations and rotations for one pattern while keeping the other pattern fixed. After alignment, the patterns can be stitched together. The method was validated on both SWC-based and EM simulation models for randomly chosen misalignments. For all models, the NMSE after pattern stitching was found to be below −52 dB. In the final validation step, the method was tested on actual measurement results of two low-gain antennas. For each of the validation steps, potential sources of error are identified. The method demonstrates promising results in achieving full-sphere characterization of low-gain antennas in typical non-full-sphere measurement chambers.
title: Gesprächsdolmetschen: Unterschiede zwischen professionellen und untrainierten Dolmetschern
Creators: name: Jekat, Susanne J.
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: In der Dolmetschausbildung und im Berufsbild des Dolmetschers spielt das Gesprächsdolmetschen (hier verstanden als nachzeitige Übertragung spontan gesprochener Äußerungen innerhalb eines Alltagsgesprächs in eine andere Sprache) gegenüber dem Simultandolmetschen (der quasi gleichzeitigen Übertragung von gesprochener Rede in eine andere Sprache) und dem Konsekutivdolmetschen (der nachzeitigen Übertragung einer längeren Rede in eine andere Sprache, oft mit Hilfe von Notizen) nur eine kleine oder gar keine Rolle. Die Funktion des Gesprächsdolmetschers wird in der natürlichen mehrsprachigen Kommunikation häufig auch von Sprechern übernommen, die nicht als Dolmetscher ausgebildet sind. In meinem Beitrag wird anhand von englisch-deutschen und französisch-deutschen Gesprächen untersucht, ob professionelle und untrainierte Gesprächsdolmetscher dieselben Übertragungsmuster (die in der Literatur auch Strategien genannt werden, vgl. z.B. Hauenschild et al. 1998) verwenden oder nicht. Bisher gibt es hierzu kaum gesicherte Ergebnisse (vgl. auch Dillinger 1994).
A meta-analysis examining how fish biodiversity varies with marine protected area size and age
Creators: name: Hollitzer, Helene A. L.
name: May, Felix
name: Blowes, Shane A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: biodiversity
subject: conservation
subject: fishes
subject: marine conservation
subject: marine protected areas
subject: protected areas
subject: species diversity
subject: species richness
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Marine protected areas (MPAs) are a well-established conservation practice worldwide, but their effectiveness in protecting or replenishing fish biodiversity remains uneven. Understanding the patterns of this heterogeneity is central to general guidelines for MPA design and can ultimately provide guidance on how to maximize MPA potential. Here, we examine associations between the degree of protection, duration of protection, and protected area size, with fish biodiversity inside of protected areas relative to that of sites nearby, but outside of protected areas. We quantitatively synthesize 116 published estimates of species richness from 72 MPAs and 38 estimates of Shannon entropy from 21 MPAs. We show that species richness is on average 18% (95% CIs: 10%–29%) higher in protected areas than in areas open to fishing; on average, Shannon entropy is 13% (95% CIs: −2% to 31%) higher within protected areas relative to outside. We find no relationship between the degree and duration of protection with the ratio of species richness inside versus outside of protected areas; both fully and partially protected areas contribute to the accumulation of species inside of protected areas, and protected areas of all ages contribute similarly on average to biodiversity conservation. In contrast to our expectations, increasing protected area size was associated with a decreased ratio of species richness sampled at sites inside versus outside of the protected area, possibly due, for example, to insufficient enforcement and/or low compliance. Finally, we discuss why meta-analyses such as ours that summarize effect sizes of local scale biodiversity responses, that is, those at a single site, can only give a partial answer to the question of whether larger protected areas harbor more species than comparable unprotected areas.
Use of a spatial percentile schedule to shape responding in cynomolgus macaques
Creators: name: Makar, Jennifer R.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012

description: Of particular usefulness in applied behavior analysis is the investigation and application of operant behavior measures. Operant behaviors can be shaped, controlled, and maintained under rule governed schedules, used as tests to evaluate a multitude of changes in an organism. The percentile schedule, a mathematical technique of shaping, is of obvious value however detailed research of its application and species tested are underrepresented. The current research, through a series of five experiments, applied a percentile schedule to shape and control response locations on a touchscreen of non-human primates. The experiments manipulated parameters of the schedule including memory size, two criteria of reinforcement, locations of responding, and within-session manipulations. In all experiments control of response location was appropriately maintained by the schedule. The results here show that response location to a distinct pixel can be shaped and maintained in non human primates although further investigation of memory size is warranted.
description: (M.A.) -- Towson University, 2012.
Innovations in groundwater management and aquifer depletion: analyzing legislative support at the federal level
Creators: name: Robinson, Barrett W.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012

description: Groundwater management and aquifer depletion had for a long time been issues reserved to state governments. However, with these issues becoming more globalized, and security of natural resource availability becoming a problem, the federal government has found itself involved in the issue as well. This particular research looks at how the voting records of the United States Congress as a whole support or ignore the innovations in groundwater management and aquifer depletion as identified by Emel and Roberts. Emel and Roberts? research is an essential point on which to base such research, as both scholars have published numerous articles on the subject of aquifer depletion and are considered experts on the issue. A database is constructed using the Library of Congress Website and a strict set of search parameters. The Library of Congress website, also known as Thomas LOC, is the most comprehensive and accurate archive of legislative history currently available. Support for innovations in groundwater management is scored and analyzed according to relevance within the United States Congress. The findings of this research suggest that there is significant support for groundwater management innovations in offsetting aquifer depletion, though support varies based on the groundwater innovation in question. A significant implication of this study is that as the issue of aquifer depletion continues to become more globalized, the federal government will find itself working on a multilateral basis with other nations to curtail the problem using groundwater management measures, so it is important that we know and understand how the federal government supports these innovations.
description: (M.S.) -- Towson University, 2012.
Additional file 8 of Metagenomic insights into the microbial communities of inert and oligotrophic outdoor pier surfaces of a coastal city
Creators: name: Tong, Xinzhao
name: Leung, Marcus H. Y.
name: Shen, Zhiyong
name: Lee, Justin Y. Y.
name: Mason, Christopher E.
name: Lee, Patrick K. H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Figure S5. Xenobiotic metabolic functions of the pier surface microbiomes differed by surface material. Two-way hierarchical clustering of KOs associated with xenobiotic metabolism identified in the contigs of each sample. KOs that are present or absent are indicated by the dark and light blue colors, respectively. KOs (column) were hierarchically clustered according to their presence/absence in the samples. The four clusters of the vertical dendrogram are highlighted.
Automated Detection of Coronal Loops using a Wavelet Transform Modulus Maxima Method
Creators: name: McAteer, R. T. James
name: Kestener, Pierre
name: Arneodo, Alain
name: Khalil, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and test a wavelet transform modulus maxima method for the au- tomated detection and extraction of coronal loops in extreme ultraviolet images of the solar corona. This method decomposes an image into a number of size scales and tracks enhanced power along each ridge corresponding to a coronal loop at each scale. We compare the results across scales and suggest the optimum set of parameters to maximise completeness while minimising detection of noise. For a test coronal image, we compare the global statistics (e.g., number of loops at each length) to previous automated coronal-loop detection algorithms.
Indirectly assessing attitudes toward gender nonconformity using prototypes
Creators: name: Krum, Tiana E.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013

description: The present research was designed to indirectly measure attitudes toward physical and psychological gender nonconformity in others using prototyping. The types of descriptive attributes provided as well as the negative or positive valence of the attributes were used to determine participant attitudes toward gender nonconformity. A frequency distribution and associations rule analysis revealed the most commonly used attributes and the most important association rules for each prototype. Non-parametric tests revealed that there were significantly more negative attributes provided for all four prototypes than positive attributes, p < .0001. Additionally, chi square analyses revealed that across prototype type, there were significantly more negative attributes provided for the physical prototypes than for the positive prototypes , ?2 = .760, p < .0001; there was no significant difference in number of negative or positive attributes provided across prototype gender. Factors of prototype similarity and prototype evaluation were considered and were correlated with the direct Attitudes toward Gender Nonconformity Scale (ATGN) developed by Krum and Galupo (2010). Demographic factors were explored and implications for the field, including a theoretical development of our understanding of these attitudes and implications for effected communities such as the LGBT community were discussed.
description: (M.A.) -- Towson University, 2012.
Exploring benthic diatom diversity in the West Antarctic Peninsula: insights from a morphological and molecular approach
Creators: name: Schimani, Katherina
name: Abarca Mejia, Nelida De La Cruz
name: Skibbe, Oliver
name: Mohamad, Heba
name: Jahn, Regine
name: Kusber, Wolf-Henning
name: Campana, Gabriela Laura
name: Zimmermann, Jonas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Antarctic Peninsula
subject: benthic diatoms
subject: DNA metabarcoding
subject: morphology
subject: rbcL
subject: taxonomic reference library
subject: unialgal cultures
subject: 18SV4
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Polar regions are among the most extreme habitats on Earth. However, diatom biodiversity in those regions is much more extensive and ecologically diverse than previously thought. The objective of this study was to add knowledge to benthic diatom biodiversity in Western Antarctic coastal zones via identification by means of morphology, DNA metabarcoding and cultured isolates. In addition, a taxonomically validated reference library for Antarctic benthic diatoms was established with comprehensive information on habitat, morphology and DNA barcodes (rbcL and 18SV4). Benthic samples from marine, brackish and freshwater habitats were taken at the Antarctic Peninsula. A total of 162 clonal cultures were established, resulting in the identification of 60 taxa. The combination of total morphological richness of 174 taxa, including the clones, with an additional 73 taxa just assigned by metabarcoding resulted in 247 infrageneric taxa. Of those taxa, 33 were retrieved by all three methods and 111 only by morphology. The barcode reference library of Antarctic species with the new references obtained through culturing allowed the assignment of 47 taxa in the metabarcoding analyses, which would have been left unassigned because no matching reference sequences were available before. Non–metric multidimensional scaling analyses of morphological as well as molecular data showed a clear separation of diatom communities according to water and substratum types. Many species, especially marine taxa, still have no record in reference databases. This highlights the need for a more comprehensive reference library to further improve routine diatom metabarcoding. Overall, a combination of morphological and molecular methods, along with culturing, provides complementary information on the biodiversity of benthic diatoms in the region.
title: Interkulturelle Missverständnisse in Text und Translation. Einige Überlegungen am Beispiel des Englischen und Deutschen
Creators: name: Gerzymisch-Arbogast, Heidrun
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Zu den großen Forschungsanliegen von Juliane House gehört die Untersuchung interkultureller Missverständnisse, insbesondere die von Missverständnissen in Begegnungen zwischen Mitgliedern der deutschen und englischen Sprach- und Kulturgemeinschaften (House 1993, 1996a,b,c, 1999 u.a.). Dabei gelten Missverständnisse als Indikatoren für Schwierigkeiten in interkulturellen Begegnungen und haben viele verschiedene Ursachen. Es gibt Missverständnisse im akustischen Bereich, in der Wortbedeutung, in der syntaktischen und semantischen Gliederung, im Textaufbau, in der Textintention (ironisch intendierte Texte können z.B. als ernst gemeinte Texte missverstanden werden und umgekehrt). Zu den interessantesten und verwirrendsten interkulturellen Missverständnissen zählt Juliane House unterschiedliche Diskurskonventionen und die ihnen zu Grunde liegenden Werte und Präferenzen: „Solche Missverständnisse und, als deren Folge, Abneigung und Vorverurteilung der intendierten und (mit)gemeinten Bedeutungen der Äußerungen des Gesprächspartners“ (House 1996c: 12).1 Die von House durchgeführten kultur- und sprachkontrastiven Analysen gesprochener Diskurse werden unterstützt durch die Ergebnisse zahlreicher deutsch-englischer kontrastiver Untersuchungen schriftsprachlicher Diskurse (u.a. Kaplan 1966; Clyne 1996; Luchtenberg 1994; Oldenburg 1992; Graefen 1994; GerzymischArbogast 1997; Buhl 1999 sowie vieler anderer Forscher), die insbesondere im fachsprachlichen Bereich kulturgeprägte ‚intellektuelle Stile’ (Galtung 1985) verglichen haben und kulturell und sprachlich bedingte Unterschiede in der Strukturierung und Organisation von Informationen (z.B. Leser- gegenüber Schreiberorientierung, Inhaltsorientierung gegenüber einer stärkeren Berücksichtigung und Miteinbeziehung der Adressaten etc.) aufgedeckt und beschrieben haben. Für die Übersetzungswissenschaft sind solche Diskrepanzen relevant, weil bei der Erstellung ‚verdeckter Übersetzungen’ ein ‚kultureller Filter’ angewendet werden muss, mit Hilfe dessen - zur Erzielung pragmatischer Äquivalenz zwischen Ausgangs- und Zieltext bei der Übersetzung - explizite Zugeständnisse an kulturbedingte Erwartungsnormen der Zielkultur-Adressaten auf Kosten der Invarianz des Denotats gemacht werden müssen (House 1997: 95ff.). Von der Übersetzungsdimension interkultureller Missverständnisse geht der folgende Artikel aus und schlägt am Beispiel deutsch-englischer Übersetzungen verschiedene Ordnungsrahmen vor, entlang derer beschrieben werden kann, wie sich interkulturelle Missverständnisse im Textverlauf manifestieren bzw. zu nicht intendierten, missverständlichen Sinnebenen in Texten verdichten können.
Additional file 9 of Metagenomic insights into the microbial communities of inert and oligotrophic outdoor pier surfaces of a coastal city
Creators: name: Tong, Xinzhao
name: Leung, Marcus H. Y.
name: Shen, Zhiyong
name: Lee, Justin Y. Y.
name: Mason, Christopher E.
name: Lee, Patrick K. H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 9: Figure S6. Relative abundance and composition of iron-related functions in the pier surface microbiomes. (a) Relative abundance of four categories of iron-related genes delineated by surface type and material. Statistics cannot be determined for genes associated with iron oxidation owing to insufficient samples for the two surface materials. (b) Principal coordinate analysis of the Bray–Curtis dissimilarity based on the abundance and membership of iron-related proteins in the surface microbiomes.
Electronic Supplementary Material_1 from A purely visual adaptation to motion can differentiate between perceptual timing and interval timing
Creators: name: Bruno, Aurelio
name: Segala, Federico G.
name: Baker, Daniel H.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Details of computational modelling
Contract Farming and Vertical Integration in Agriculture
Creators: name: Agricultural Marketing Service
name: Agricultural Research Service
name: Farmer Cooperative Service
name: Agricultural Marketing Service
name: Agricultural Research Service
name: Farmer Cooperative Service
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1958
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Excerpts from the report: Many individual farmers, as well as farmer groups, farm industries, and marketing firms are changing their methods of operation, seeking to make the most of rapidly advancing technology. Their adjustments are taking many forms. One important type of adjustment, aimed at better coordinating the functions of farm and farm industry, is contract farming, a prominent feature of the vertical integration of agriculture and business. A farmer whose operations are vertically integrated is one who shares some of his managerial decisions and risks in production and marketing with one or more related businesses--for instance, his supplier, processor, or distributor.
Gaussian process regression adaptive density-guided approach: Toward calculations of potential energy surfaces for larger molecules
Creators: name: Artiukhin, Denis G.
name: Godtliebsen, Ian H.
name: Schmitz, Gunnar
name: Christiansen, Ove
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Potential energy surfaces
subject: Ab initio electronic structure calculations
subject: Machine learning
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::541 Physikalische Chemie

description: We present a new program implementation of the Gaussian process regression adaptive density-guided approach [Schmitz et al., J. Chem. Phys. 153, 064105 (2020)] for automatic and cost-efficient potential energy surface construction in the MidasCpp program. A number of technical and methodological improvements made allowed us to extend this approach toward calculations of larger molecular systems than those previously accessible and maintain the very high accuracy of constructed potential energy surfaces. On the methodological side, improvements were made by using a Δ-learning approach, predicting the difference against a fully harmonic potential, and employing a computationally more efficient hyperparameter optimization procedure. We demonstrate the performance of this method on a test set of molecules of growing size and show that up to 80% of single point calculations could be avoided, introducing a root mean square deviation in fundamental excitations of about 3 cm−1. A much higher accuracy with errors below 1 cm−1 could be achieved with tighter convergence thresholds still reducing the number of single point computations by up to 68%. We further support our findings with a detailed analysis of wall times measured while employing different electronic structure methods. Our results demonstrate that GPR-ADGA is an effective tool, which could be applied for cost-efficient calculations of potential energy surfaces suitable for highly accurate vibrational spectra simulations.