cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Chlorine isotope fractionation during catalytic reductive dechlorination of Trichloromethane (CHCl₃) over palladium-on-alumina in hydrogen-saturated water: implication to managed aquifer recharge as sustainable storage solution for desalinated water (MAR-DSW) in Menashe recharge basin, Israel
Creators: name: Berhane, Abrha Asfaw
name: Sakaguchi‐Söder, Kaori
name: Schüth, Christoph
Publisher: name: International Association of Hydrogeologists
Year: 2023

description: During the storage of excess desalinated water in a managed coastal aquifer in Israel, chlorine in desalinated water may react with natural organic matter, forming toxic disinfection by-products (DBPs), like trihalomethanes (THMs). In order to facilitate managed aquifer recharge as storage solution for desalinated water (MAR-DSW), it is important to understand the mechanisms of the formation and degradation of such DBPs. In this work, degradation of chloroform (CHCl₃), a main pollutant of interest at the Menashe recharge basin in Israel, was investigated to derive chlorine isotope enrichment factors for the educt and degradation products as a part of the Israel-German joint research “aquifer recharge as sustainable storage solution for desalinated water (MAR-DSW)”. 100ml of deionized water spiked with 30mg/l chloroform was saturated with hydrogen, which serves as an electron donor. Then, 0.25g/l palladium was added as palladium-on-alumina (10% wt.) to catalyze the reaction. Samples were taken at specified intervals from a sampling port designed at the bottom of the reactor, which is closed with a plunger from the top so that no headspace was created as samples were taken out or during the entire experimental period. During degradation of chloroform, the change in chlorine isotope ratios of CHCl₃ as well as its chlorinated degradation products was determined using a gas-chromatograph-mass spectrometer online connected to a purge and trap system (P&T-GC/MS). This simple online method was developed and optimized at TU Darmstadt. In addition to the reaction kinetics, isotope fractionation of CHCl₃ and its degradation products dichloromethane (CH₂Cl₂) as well as methyl chloride (CH₃Cl) were investigated. A chlorine isotope enrichment factor (ε) of -2.7‰ was derived for chloroform using the Rayleigh equation. The investigation of isotope fractionation during the reductive dechlorination of chloroform i.e the Cl-CSIA can potentially be used as a tool to discriminate the source, pathway and fate of these compounds so as to foresee the feasibility of medium and long term use of managed aquifer recharge as a storage solution.
RAFT-HDA Chemistry - Conception, Development and Application of a Facile Tool for Precision Macromolecular Engineering
Creators: name: Inglis, Andrew
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2010
Subjects: Polymer Chemistry
Conjugation
Click Chemistry
Diels-Alder

description: The conceptualization, development and application of the herein named RAFT-HDA Chemistry is reported. This chemistry is presented as a facile conjugation method (falling within the field of click chemistry) whereby synthetic polymeric materials may be covalently linked to other species, including other polymers with high efficiency.
Sticking with it? Factors associated with exercise adherence in people with alcohol use disorder
Creators: name: Welford, Paul
name: Gunillasdotter, Victoria
name: Andreasson, Sven
name: Herring, Matthew
name: Vancampfort, Davy
name: Hallgren, Mats
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: Emerging evidence suggests that exercise may be an efficacious treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), but adherence is suboptimal. We examined factors associated with adherence to an exercise intervention for non-treatment seeking adults with AUD. Methods: This secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial included 95 physically inactive adults aged 18–75 years with clinician-diagnosed AUD. Study participants were randomly assigned to 12-weeks fitness centre-based, supervised aerobic exercise or yoga classes and asked to attend at least three times/week. Adherence was assessed both objectively (based on use of a keycard at entry) and subjectively using an activity calendar. The association between AUD and other predictor variables with adherence was assessed using logistic and Poisson regression models. Results: Just under half of participants (47/95, 49%) completed ≥ 12 supervised exercise sessions. When both supervised classes and self-reported sessions were included, 32/95 (34%) participants completed ≤ 11 sessions, 28/95 (29%) did 12–23 sessions and 35/95 (37%) completed ≥ 24 sessions. In univariate logistic regression analyses, lower education was associated with non-adherence (<12 sessions) (OR = 3.02, 95%CI = 1.19–7.61). In models adjusted for demographic and clinical variables, moderate AUD (OR = 0.11, 95%CI = 0.02–0.49) and severe AUD (OR = 0.12, 95%CI = 0.02–0.69) were associated with non-adherence, when compared to low severity AUD. Higher body mass index (OR = 0.80, 95%CI = 0.68–0.93) was also associated with non-adherence. Results were materially the same when objective and subjective adherence data were combined. Conclusion: Adults with AUD can be supported to engage in yoga and aerobic exercise. Additional support may be required for those with moderate or severe AUD, higher BMI, and lower education.
Assessing Quantitative Results in Accretion Simulations: From Local to Global
Creators: name: Hawley, John F.
name: Guan, Xiaoyue
name: Krolik, Julian H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discretized numerical simulations are a powerful tool for investigation of nonlinear MHD turbulence in accretion disks. However, confidence in their quantitative predictions requires a demonstration that further refinement of the spatial gridscale would not result in any significant change. This has yet to be accomplished, particularly for global disk simulations. In this paper, we combine data from previously published stratified shearing box simulations and new global disk simulations to calibrate several quantitative diagnostics by which one can estimate progress toward numerical convergence. Using these diagnostics, we find that the established criterion for an adequate numerical description of linear growth of the magneto-rotational instability (the number of cells across a wavelength of the fastest-growing vertical wavenumber mode) can be extended to a criterion for adequate description of nonlinear MHD disk turbulence, but the standard required is more stringent. We also find that azimuthal resolution, which has not often been extensively examined in previous studies, can significantly affect the evolution of the poloidal magnetic field. We further analyze the comparative resolution requirements of a small sample of initial magnetic field geometries; not surprisingly, more complicated initial field geometries require higher spatial resolution. Otherwise, they tend to evolve to qualitatively similar states if evolved for sufficient time. Applying our quantitative resolution criteria to a sample of previously published global simulations, we find that, with perhaps a single exception, they are significantly under-resolved, and therefore underestimate the magnetic turbulence and resulting stress levels throughout the accretion flow.
description: Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal
Densities of Minor-Closed Graph Families
Creators: name: Eppstein, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C83 (Primary) 05C35, 05C42 (Secondary)

description: We define the limiting density of a minor-closed family of simple graphs F to be the smallest number k such that every n-vertex graph in F has at most kn(1+o(1)) edges, and we investigate the set of numbers that can be limiting densities. This set of numbers is countable, well-ordered, and closed; its order type is at least ω^ω. It is the closure of the set of densities of density-minimal graphs, graphs for which no minor has a greater ratio of edges to vertices. By analyzing density-minimal graphs of low densities, we find all limiting densities up to the first two cluster points of the set of limiting densities, 1 and 3/2. For multigraphs, the only possible limiting densities are the integers and the superparticular ratios i/(i+1).
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
Simulationsmodell zur Unterstützung von selbstoptimierenden Fähigkeiten eines Traktors
Creators: name: Kautzmann, Timo
name: Geimer, Marcus
name: Wünsche, Micaela
name: Mostaghim, Sanaz
name: Schmeck, Hartmut
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2010

description: Diese Veröffentlichung thematisiert eine neuartige Steuerungsarchitektur für Traktoren, die sog. Observer/Controller (O/C) Architektur. Unter Einbeziehung adaptiver und lernfähiger Algorithmen und ganzheitlicher Systembetrachtung ist diese fähig, einen Traktor sukzessive zu optimieren. Ziel ist die minimierung des Kraftstoffverbrauchs. Hierzu wurde ein wirkungsgradbehaftetes Modell des Traktors mit reduzierter Dynamik entwickelt um die Architektur anhand einer Model in the Loop- Simulation zu verifizieren. Das Modell wird hier näher vorgestellt. Herausstellungsmerkmal ist die Abbildung aller als wesentlich eingestuften Einflüsse auf den Kraftstoffverbrauch.
Additional file 4 of Epigenetic marks associated with gestational diabetes mellitus across two time points during pregnancy
Creators: name: Linares-Pineda, Teresa
name: Peña-Montero, Nerea
name: Fragoso-Bargas, Nicolás
name: Gutiérrez-Repiso, Carolina
name: Lima-Rubio, Fuensanta
name: Suarez-Arana, María
name: Sánchez-Pozo, Antonio
name: Tinahones, Francisco J.
name: Molina-Vega, María
name: Picón-César, María José
name: Sommer, Christine
name: Morcillo, Sonsoles
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Fig. S3. Bar plot of gene mostly enriched by significant DMP. The number in each bar indicates how many hyper- or hypo-differential methylated CpGs are included in that gene.
Prohibitin1, ein neuer essentieller Faktor der Neuralleistenentwicklung
Creators: name: Schneider, Martina
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2010
Subjects: Craniale Neuralleistenzellen
c-myc
snail / slug Regulation
Xenopus

description: Phb1 ist ein hoch konserviertes Protein, das zunächst als Inhibitor der Zellproliferation identifiziert wurde. In der Neuralleistenentwicklung von Xenopus wird phb1 (Xphb1) von c-myc reguliert und für die Aktivierung einer Subgruppe der Neuralleisten-Spezifikatoren, nämlich twist, snail2 (slug) und foxD3 benötigt. Dabei fördert Xphb1 durch die Repression der transkriptionellen Aktivität von E2F1 die Spezifizierung und Differenzierung der cranialen Neuralleistenzellen.
Strengthening the norm against torture : an alternative look at the implications of US norm violation
Creators: name: Good, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: This paper addresses how the domestic violation of the anti-torture norm within the United States during the Bush administration and the War on Terror has affected the international norm against torture. The United States’ evident and contemporary violation of a norm assumed to be internalized by the vast majority of countries has led various scholars to question the robustness of the anti-torture norm. I seek to contribute to the underdeveloped perspective that norms strengthen through contestation by arguing that US domestic violation has not regressed the norm, but rather has strengthened the international anti-torture norm. This paper attempts to take advantage of the increasing prevalence of credible accounts of torture by employing Bayesian Process Tracing as a means of increasing the transparency of empirical findings that counter the argument that the norm against torture is in regress and support the claim that the norm against torture has been strengthened through US violation.
Additional file 1 of Epigenetic marks associated with gestational diabetes mellitus across two time points during pregnancy
Creators: name: Linares-Pineda, Teresa
name: Peña-Montero, Nerea
name: Fragoso-Bargas, Nicolás
name: Gutiérrez-Repiso, Carolina
name: Lima-Rubio, Fuensanta
name: Suarez-Arana, María
name: Sánchez-Pozo, Antonio
name: Tinahones, Francisco J.
name: Molina-Vega, María
name: Picón-César, María José
name: Sommer, Christine
name: Morcillo, Sonsoles
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Data distribution, at baseline and antenatal visits, based on Genomic position: open sea, shore, island, and shelf; based on gene context: TSS, exon IGR, 5'UTR, and 3'UTR.
TeRRitoria D4.2 Outline of the 5 territorial Transformative Experiments
Creators: name: Jakobsen, Julia
name: Jørgensen, Marie Louise
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Co-design, Territorial RRI, Transformative Experiment

description: This deliverable presents the final plans of the 5 Transformative Experiments of implementing RRI in a territorial context, which takes place in WP5: Implementing the Transformative Experiments. It also presents the work conducted in WP4: co-design of transformative experiments, towards the formulation of the final plans of the 5 territorial Transformative Experiments (T4.2: Regional Concept note for the Transformative Experiments and T4.3: Regional co-design process). The steps completed by the 5 territories in the co-design phase are presented in the following and include: the development of the concept note for the co-design phase, the actual co-design phase in a time of covid-19, and the final plans of the 5 territorial Transformative Experiments for implementation.
Estructura abatible de soporte, izado y estiba de propulsor fueraborda
Creators: name: Couce Casanova, Antonio
name: González López, Primitivo B.
name: Lamas Galdo, María Isabel
name: Rodríguez García, Juan de Dios
name: Rodríguez Vidal, Carlos Gervasio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Estructura abatible para soporte, izado y estiba de un propulsor fueraborda basado en un mecanismo manivela – corredera invertido, especialmente concebido para ser utilizado en el espejo de popa de una embarcación o artefacto flotante, de tal manera que en la posición de trabajo dentro del agua el propulsor permanece vertical, alineado con el plano longitudinal de simetría (crujía) de la embarcación y cuando es izado hasta su posición de estiba fuera del agua queda plegado en posición horizontal y centrado en el espejo del barco.
Phase diagram of hard-core bosons on clean and disordered 2-leg ladders: Mott insulator - Luttinger liquid - Bose glass
Creators: name: Crépin, François
name: Laflorencie, Nicolas
name: Roux, Guillaume
name: Simon, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One dimensional free-fermions and hard-core bosons are often considered to be equivalent. Indeed, when restricted to nearest-neighbor hopping on a chain the particles cannot exchange themselves, and therefore hardly experience their own statistics. Apart from the off-diagonal correlations which depends on the so-called Jordan-Wigner string, real-space observables are similar for free-fermions and hard-core bosons on a chain. Interestingly, by coupling only two chains, thus forming a two-leg ladder, particle exchange becomes allowed, and leads to a totally different physics between free-fermions and hard-core bosons. Using a combination of analytical (strong coupling, field theory, renormalization group) and numerical (quantum Monte Carlo, density-matrix renormalization group) approaches, we study the apparently simple but non-trivial model of hard-core bosons hopping in a two-leg ladder geometry. At half-filling, while a band insulator appears for fermions at large interchain hopping tperp >2t only, a Mott gap opens up for bosons as soon as tperp\neq0 through a Kosterlitz-Thouless transition. Away from half-filling, the situation is even more interesting since a gapless Luttinger liquid mode emerges in the symmetric sector with a non-trivial filling-dependent Luttinger parameter 1/2\leq Ks \leq 1. Consequences for experiments in cold atoms, spin ladders in a magnetic field, as well as disorder effects are discussed. In particular, a quantum phase transition is expected at finite disorder strength between a 1D superfluid and an insulating Bose glass phase.
description: 24 pages, 23 figures
Resolution of smooth group actions
Creators: name: Albin, Pierre
name: Melrose, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A refined form of the `Folk Theorem' that a smooth action by a compact Lie group can be (canonically) resolved, by iterated blow up, to have unique isotropy type is proved in the context of manifolds with corners. This procedure is shown to capture the simultaneous resolution of all isotropy types in a `resolution structure' consisting of equivariant iterated fibrations of the boundary faces. This structure projects to give a similar resolution structure for the quotient. In particular these results apply to give a canonical resolution of the radial compactification, to a ball, of any finite dimensional representation of a compact Lie group; such resolutions of the normal action of the isotropy groups appear in the boundary fibers in the general case.
description: First half of http://arxiv.org/abs/0907.3211v2, extensively rewritten
Information criteria for efficient quantum state estimation
Creators: name: Yin, J. O. S.
name: van Enk, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently several more efficient versions of quantum state tomography have been proposed, with the purpose of making tomography feasible even for many-qubit states. The number of state parameters to be estimated is reduced by tentatively introducing certain simplifying assumptions on the form of the quantum state, and subsequently using the data to rigorously verify these assumptions. The simplifying assumptions considered so far were (i) the state can be well approximated to be of low rank, or (ii) the state can be well approximated as a matrix product state. We add one more method in that same spirit: we allow in principle any model for the state, using any (small) number of parameters (which can, e.g., be chosen to have a clear physical meaning), and the data are used to verify the model. The proof that this method is valid cannot be as strict as in above-mentioned cases, but is based on well-established statistical methods that go under the name of "information criteria." We exploit here, in particular, the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). We illustrate the method by simulating experiments on (noisy) Dicke states.
Additional file 4 of The effects of probiotics supplementation on glycaemic control among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials
Creators: name: Li, Guang
name: Feng, Hao
name: Mao, Xin-Liang
name: Deng, Yan-Jun
name: Wang, Xiao-Bao
name: Zhang, Qiong
name: Guo, Yan
name: Xiao, Su-Mei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: Figure S2. Sensitivity analysis for studies included in this meta-analysis. (a) FBG, (b) Insulin, (c) HbAc1, and (d) HOMA-IR.
Simulation of logistics in food retailing for freight transportation analysis
Creators: name: Friedrich, Hanno
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2010
Subjects: logistics
freight transportation analysis
food retailing
network design
simulation

description: The study contributes to fill the gap between freight transportation analysis and logistic research. It describes the model SYNTRADE, a simulation model that reproduces logistic structures in the German food retailing sector. Logistic decisions and their interdependencies are simulated based on heuristics from the field of logistic optimization. The model provides the possibility to analyze changes in logistics and freight transport demand on a company, as well as on an overall sector level.
Additional file 6 of Epigenetic marks associated with gestational diabetes mellitus across two time points during pregnancy
Creators: name: Linares-Pineda, Teresa
name: Peña-Montero, Nerea
name: Fragoso-Bargas, Nicolás
name: Gutiérrez-Repiso, Carolina
name: Lima-Rubio, Fuensanta
name: Suarez-Arana, María
name: Sánchez-Pozo, Antonio
name: Tinahones, Francisco J.
name: Molina-Vega, María
name: Picón-César, María José
name: Sommer, Christine
name: Morcillo, Sonsoles
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6: Fig. S5. Receiver operating characteristic models of the three CpGs validated in EPIPREG cohort. A) One CpG model: cg04095097, B) Two CpG model: cg04095097 and cg27603605, C) Three CpG model: cg04095097, cg27603605, and cg12080079. AUC: area under the curve.
Measurement of Photon Production in the Very Forward Direction in Deep-Inelastic Scattering at HERA
Creators: name: H1 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of photons at very small angles with respect to the proton beam direction is studied in deep-inelastic positron-proton scattering at HERA. The data are taken with the H1 detector in the years 2006 and 2007 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of $126 \mathrm{pb}^{-1}$. The analysis covers the range of negative four momentum transfer squared at the positron vertex $67.9$ as a function of its transverse momentum $p_T^{lead}$ and longitudinal momentum fraction of the incoming proton $x_L^{lead}$. In addition, the cross sections are studied as a function of the sum of the longitudinal momentum fraction $x_L^{sum}$ of all photons in the pseudorapidity range $η>7.9$. The cross sections are normalised to the inclusive deep-inelastic scattering cross section and compared to the predictions of models of deep-inelastic scattering and models of the hadronic interactions of high energy cosmic rays.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures and 2 tables
H3PW12O40: An efficient and green catalyst for the facile and selective oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides, applied to the last step of the synthesis of omeprazole
Creators: name: Mommahed Heravi, Majid
name: Esfandyari, Maryam
name: Abdi Oskooie, Hossein
name: Fotouhi, Lida
name: Tajbakhsh, Mahmood
name: Bamoharram, Fatemeh F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30701 Quantum Chemistry
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Chemistry
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials

description: meprazole, (6-methoxy-2-((4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methylsulfinyl)-1H-benzimidazole is a well-established prescribed drug, exhibits proton pump inhibitor activity. In this work, a novel, facile, economical and selective oxidation approach using H3PW12O40 as Keggin type heteropolyacids along with H2O2 in the last step of the conventional synthesis of this compound as well as its derivatives under environmental-benign conditions, is reported. This protocol can bewell adopted for pilot plant scale giving a high pure pharmacopeia grade material. Our synthetic route involves the use of various heteropolyacids as heterogeneous catalysts. Due to the obtained results, it was concluded that Keggin type heteropolyacid , is an effective catalyst for this purpose. The optimized condition for the last step of this synthesis was applied to the synthesis of lansoprazole, pantoprazole, and rabeprazole.
Humanitarian accountability : an ethnographic study of an international nongovernmental organization in South Darfur
Creators: name: Ahmed, Sultan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: This thesis explores the notion of accountability among aid workers working for CARE International Switzerland (CIS), Sudan. The thesis addresses three key questions: 1) What does accountability mean to aid workers and how do they translate their understanding in providing aid services to the affected population? 2) What are the specific factors that make aid workers committed to their work and the people they seek to support? And 3) What are the implications of their understanding of accountability on the overall accountability culture in CIS Sudan? I address these three questions from an ethnographic perspective by drawing on data gathered through participant observation, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions conducted among CIS Sudan aid workers. Findings suggest that aid workers defined accountability in varied ways, and the term “power imbalance” in general and “social and economic inequalities” between stakeholders in particular were the key ideas behind their understandings of accountability. Aid workers commonly defined accountability according to their relationship with the affected population. Accordingly, they bought up questions of social and economic rights of the affected population. The study also revealed that aid workers directly working in the field tend to have improved motivation for accountability work. Some aid workers put accountability into practice through compassion, empathy, and respect for the affected people. The power imbalance and its effects on the accountability relationship were found to be key barriers to making the CIS’s work culture more accountable to the affected people. In conclusion, improving the workplace relationship, both vertical and horizontal, is key to improving a culture of accountability in the CIS’s workplace, but this requires a better communication strategy and participatory decision making in the workplace.
Water Quality Benefits from the Conservation Reserve Program
Creators: name: Ribaudo, Marc O.
name: Ribaudo, Marc O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Benefits
subject: nonpoint-source pollution
subject: nutrients
subject: sediment
subject: soil erosion
subject: soil conservation
subject: water quality

description: The Conservation Reserve Program, a land retirement program designed to remove from production 40 to 45 million acres of highly erodible cropland, may generate an estimated $3.5 to $4 billion in water quality benefits. Potential benefits include lower water treatment costs, lower sediment removal costs, less flood damage, less damage to equipment which uses water, and increased recreational fishing. Benefits were estimated with a set of procedures that approximated the physical, chemical, biological, and economic links between soil erosion and water use.
Modeling disturbance and channel evolution in mountain streams
Creators: name: Davidson, Sarah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Researchers and managers have sought for centuries to model the dynamics of river systems for hazard protection, water management, and ecological restoration. Models of channel dynamics generally assume that rivers adopt a constant geometry in response to a set of relatively static governing parameters. In this research, we develop two stochastic biogeomorphic models which we use to simulate the range of channel conditions associated with fluctuating governing conditions, including wood loading and discharge. We begin by developing a version of the Reach Scale Channel Simulator (RSCS) that models the impact of riparian disturbance on channel morphology at a range of channel scales, in a reach subject to an annual flood event of constant magnitude and duration. The simulations show that small- to intermediate-sized channels are the most morphologically sensitive to fluctuations in wood loading. We then develop a STochastic CHannel Adjustment SIMulator (STOCHASIM) that simulates the competition between bank erosion and vegetation colonization in a reach subject to variable annual floods. The model produces a dynamic channel geometry that adjusts in response to individual floods. The results challenge a major underlying assumption of most regime models by demonstrating that the return period of the formative flow varies with watershed hydrology. Introducing variable floods and lateral migration has important implications for wood loading, as bank erosion increases wood recruitment and changes piece characteristics. In the final chapters, we use data from a series of flume experiments to investigate the effects of piece characteristics on wood stability and transport. Rootwads -- which are more common on wood pieces recruited through bank erosion than via toppling -- increase piece stability while reducing travel distance. We use this research to further modify the RSCS model to account for wood inputs through bank erosion, as well as temporal changes in channel geometry and flood magnitude. When lateral mobility is considered, bank erosion inputs dominate wood loading while piece stability and morphologic impact decreases. As these stochastic models produce a range of channel conditions they are more likely to encompass the range of variability observed in natural systems than deterministic models of channel dynamics.
Generalized Weyl-Wigner-Moyal Formalism and Topological Groups
Creators: name: Sławianowski, J. J.
name: Kovalchuk, V.
name: Martens, A.
name: Gołubowska, B.
name: Rożko, E. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discussed are some geometric aspects of the phase space formalism in quantum mechanics in the sense of Weyl, Wigner, Moyal and Ville. We analyze the relationship between this formalism and geometry of the Galilei group, classical momentum mapping, theory of unitary projective representations of groups, and theory of groups algebras. Later on we present some generalization to quantum mechanics on locally compact Abelian groups. It is based on Pontryagin duality. Indicated are certain physical aspects in quantum dynamics of crystal lattices, including the phenomenon of "Umklapp-Prozessen"
description: 39
Additional file 3 of The effects of probiotics supplementation on glycaemic control among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials
Creators: name: Li, Guang
name: Feng, Hao
name: Mao, Xin-Liang
name: Deng, Yan-Jun
name: Wang, Xiao-Bao
name: Zhang, Qiong
name: Guo, Yan
name: Xiao, Su-Mei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Figure S1. (a) Risk of bias summary and (b) risk of bias graph.
The s ---> d gamma decay in and beyond the Standard Model
Creators: name: Mertens, Philippe
name: Smith, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The New Physics sensitivity of the s ---> d gamma transition and its accessibility through hadronic processes are thoroughly investigated. Firstly, the Standard Model predictions for the direct CP-violating observables in radiative K decays are systematically improved. Besides, the magnetic contribution to epsilon prime is estimated and found subleading, even in the presence of New Physics, and a new strategy to resolve its electroweak versus QCD penguin fraction is identified. Secondly, the signatures of a series of New Physics scenarios, characterized as model-independently as possible in terms of their underlying dynamics, are investigated by combining the information from all the FCNC transitions in the s ---> d sector.
description: 54 pages, 14 eps figures
The social is predictive : human sensitivity to attention control in action prediction
Creators: name: Pesquita, Ana
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Observing others is predicting others. Humans have a natural tendency to make predictions about other people’s future behavior. This predisposition sits at the basis of social cognition: others become accessible to us because we are able to simulate their internal states, and in this way make predictions about their future behavior (Blakemore & Decety, 2001). In this thesis, I examine prediction in the social realm through three main contributions. The first contribution is of a theoretical nature, the second is methodological, and the third contribution is empirical. On the theoretical plane, I present a new framework for cooperative social interactions – the predictive joint-action model, which extends previous models of social interaction (Wolpert, Doya, & Kawato, 2003) to include the higher level goals of joint action and planning (Vesper, Butterfill, Knoblich, & Sebanz, 2010). Action prediction is central to joint-action. A recent theory proposes that social awareness to someone else’s attentional states underlies our ability to predict their future actions (Graziano, 2013). In the methodological realm, I developed a procedure for investigating the role of sensitivity to other’s attention control states in action prediction. This method offers a way to test the hypothesis that humans are sensitive to whether someone’s spatial attention was endogenously controlled (as in the case of choosing to attend towards a particular event) or exogenously controlled (as in the case of attention being prompted by an external event), independent of their sensitivity to the spatial location of that person’s attentional focus. On the empirical front, I present new evidence supporting the hypothesis that social cognition involves the predictive modeling of other’s attentional states. In particular, a series of experiments showed that observers are sensitive to someone else’s attention control and that this sensitivity occurs through an implicit kinematic process linked to social aptitude. In conclusion, I bring these contributions together. I do this by offering an interpretation of the empirical findings through the lens of the theoretical framework, by discussing several limitations of the present work, and by pointing to several questions that emerge from the new findings, thereby outlining avenues for future research on social cognition.
Various characterizations of Besov-Dunkl spaces
Creators: name: Abdelkefi, Chokri
name: Sassi, Feriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46E30, 44A15, 44A35

description: In this paper, different characterizations of the Besov-Dunkl spaces are given. We provide equivalence between these characterizations, using the Dunkl translation, the Dunkl transform and the Peetre K-functional.
description: 13 pages
Vacuum Fluctuations and the Small Scale Structure of Spacetime
Creators: name: Carlip, S.
name: Mosna, R. A.
name: Pitelli, J. P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that vacuum fluctuations of the stress-energy tensor in two-dimensional dilaton gravity lead to a sharp focusing of light cones near the Planck scale, effectively breaking space up into a large number of causally disconnected regions. This phenomenon, called "asymptotic silence" when it occurs in cosmology, might help explain several puzzling features of quantum gravity, including evidence of spontaneous dimensional reduction at short distances. While our analysis focuses on a simplified two-dimensional model, we argue that the qualitative features should still be present in four dimensions.
description: 4 pages, revtex
Revisiting the Simplicity Constraints and Coherent Intertwiners
Creators: name: Dupuis, Maité
name: Livine, Etera R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of loop quantum gravity and spinfoam models, the simplicity constraints are essential in that they allow to write general relativity as a constrained topological BF theory. In this work, we apply the recently developed U(N) framework for SU(2) intertwiners to the issue of imposing the simplicity constraints to spin network states. More particularly, we focus on solving them on individual intertwiners in the 4d Euclidean theory. We review the standard way of solving the simplicity constraints using coherent intertwiners and we explain how these fit within the U(N) framework. Then we show how these constraints can be written as a closed u(N) algebra and we propose a set of U(N) coherent states that solves all the simplicity constraints weakly for an arbitrary Immirzi parameter.
description: 28 pages
Wave packet revivals in a graphene quantum dot in a perpendicular magnetic field
Creators: name: Torres, J. J.
name: Romera, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the time-evolution of localized wavepackets in graphene quantum dots under a perpendicular magnetic field, focusing on the quasiclassical and revival periodicities, for different values of the magnetic field intensities in a theoretical framework. We have considered contributions of the two inequivalent points in the Brillouin zone. The revival time has been found as an observable that shows the break valley degeneracy.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, corrected typo, To appear in Phys. Rev. B
Size Distribution of Main-Belt Asteroids with High Inclination
Creators: name: Terai, Tsuyoshi
name: Itoh, Yoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the size distribution of high-inclination main-belt asteroids (MBAs) to explore asteroid collisional evolution under hypervelocity collisions of around 10 km/s. We performed a wide-field survey for high-inclination sub-km MBAs using the 8.2-m Subaru Telescope with the Subaru Prime Focus Camera (Suprime-Cam). Suprime-Cam archival data were also used. A total of 616 MBA candidates were detected in an area of 9.0 deg^2 with a limiting magnitude of 24.0 mag in the SDSS r filter. Most of candidate diameters were estimated to be smaller than 1 km. We found a scarcity of sub-km MBAs with high inclination. Cumulative size distributions (CSDs) were constructed using Subaru data and published asteroid catalogs. The power-law indexes of the CSDs were 2.17 +/- 0.02 for low-inclination (< 15 deg) MBAs and 2.02 +/- 0.03 for high-inclination (> 15 deg) MBAs in the 0.7-50 km diameter range. The high-inclination MBAs had a shallower CSD. We also found that the CSD of S-like MBAs had a small slope with high inclination, whereas the slope did not vary with inclination in the C-like group. The most probable cause of the shallow CSD of the high-inclination S-like MBAs is the large power-law index in the diameter-impact strength curve in hypervelocity collisions. The collisional evolution of MBAs may have advanced with oligopolistic survival during the dynamical excitation phase in the final stage of planet formation.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, Accepted for publication in PASJ
OPERAS-GER – der Beginn des ersten National Nodes von OPERAS
Creators: name: Saar, Larissa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Open Access
Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften
Forschungsinfrastruktur
Wissenschaftskommunikation

description: OPERAS-GER ist als erste National Node von OPERAS im Oktober 2020 gestartet und organisiert seither Online-Seminare und -Vorträge für die verschiedenen Zielgruppen der Forschungsinfrastruktur. So stellt die Reihe der „OPERAS Open Chats“ die Angebote von OPERAS gezielt für Bibliotheken, Verlage, Forschende etc… vor. Darüber hinaus ist OPERAS-GER mit den Stakeholdern in Deutschland direkt in Kontakt und kooperiert mit Initiativen, die ebenfalls im Bereich Open Access und Open Science aktiv sind. Auf Twitter und auf einem Blog werden zudem aktuelle Informationen zum Projekt geteilt und die durch OPERAS bereitgestellten Informationen in deutscher Sprache verfügbar gemacht.
 Das Projekt OPERAS-GER trägt so zur Vernetzung der europäischen Forschungsinfrastruktur OPERAS in der deutschen Wissenschaftslandschaft im Bereich der Sozial- und Geisteswissenschaften bei. Die Services, die auf europäischer Ebene entwickelt werden, sollen im Rahmen des Projekts in der deutschen Forschungslandschaft vorgestellt und nutzbar gemacht werden. Umgekehrt sollen aber auch Bedarfe aus der deutschen Wissenschaftscommunity in die europäischen Infrastrukturen einfließen. Open Science wird dabei gestärkt und die FAIR-Prinzipien gefördert. OPERAS-GER dient hierbei als Vorbild für die weiteren in OPERAS entstehenden National Nodes.
 OPERAS hat im Rahmen von einzelnen Projekten wie HIRMEOS, OPERAS-D, TRIPLE, OPERAS-P und jetzt auch COESO Services entwickelt und wird dies auch weiter tun. Es handelt sich dabei zum Beispiel um Services zur Qualitätssicherung von Open Access Publikationen, zur besseren Auffindbarkeit von Open Access Publikationen und Forschungsprojekten in mehreren Sprachen sowie zur Stärkung von Citizen Science. Diese Dienste sind speziell auf die Anforderungen in den Sozial- und Geisteswissenschaften ausgerichtet und für Hochschulbibliotheken, Verlage und Forschende nutzbar. Gleichermaßen sollen Bedarfe an die Services in die europäische Infrastruktur einfließen, um deren aktive Nutzung weiter zu verbessern und fortzuentwickeln.
Die Fragen der Metaethik: Eine Untersuchung zum Aufbau der Ethik
Creators: name: Link, Hans-Jürgen
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2008
Subjects: Metaethik
Meta-Ethik
Ethik

description: Es wird eine »Landkarte« metaethischer Fragen gezeichnet, die deutlich machen soll, in welchem Verhältnis die wichtigsten Positionen zueinander stehen. Das Ziel der Arbeit lässt sich als die Untersuchung charakterisieren, welche Fragen der Metaethik in dem Sinne essentiell zukommen, als dass alle Beteiligten zu beantworten suchen, ohne sich über die Weise ihrer Beantwortung einig zu sein. Das Ergebnis spielt eine wichtige Rolle bei der Beantwortung der Frage, was Metaethik eigentlich ist.
Electron spin resonance measurements of a demagnetizing field on the surface of metal samples
Creators: name: Poklonski, N. A.
name: Lapchuk, T. M.
name: Gorbachuk, N. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By comparing the signals of electron spin resonance (ESR) from two crystals of a diamond (spin-labels) the demagnetizing field of the Co, Fe, and Ni samples in the shape of strongly elongated ellipsoids of revolution (disks) has been measured. The magnetic permeabilities of the metals in the external magnetic field corresponding to the ESR of the broken chemical bonds in a natural diamond irradiated with fast reactor neutrons have been determined.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures
Walks on Free Groups and other Stories -- twelve years later
Creators: name: Rivin, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C25, 05C20, 05C38, 60J10, 60F05, 42A05 05C25, 05C20, 05C38, 60J10, 60F05, 42A05, 22E27

description: We start by studying the distribution of (cyclically reduced) elements of the free groups Fn with respect to their abelianization (or equivalently, their integer homology class. We derive an explicit generating function, and a limiting distribution, by means of certain results (of independent interest) on Chebyshev polynomials; we also prove that the reductions modulo an arbitrary prime of these classes are asymptotically equidistributed, and we study the deviation from equidistribution. We extend our techniques to a more general setting and use them to study the statistical properties of long cycles (and paths) on regular (directed and undirected) graphs. We return to the free group to study some growth functions of the number of conjugacy classes as a function of their cyclically reduced length.
description: 45pp, appeared in the Schupp volume of the Illinois Journal of Mathematics, published version of arXiv:math/9911076
Finite mixture modeling using shape mixtures of the skew scale mixtures of normal distributions
Creators: name: Tamandi, Mostafa
name: Ahad Jamalizadeh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper introduces the shape mixtures of the skew scale mixtures of normal distribution which are contained additional shape parameters to regulate skewness and kurtosis. We present a finite mixture model for this new family of distributions, which is a novel model-based tool for clustering heterogeneous data in the presence of skewed and heavy-tailed outcomes. The maximum likelihood estimates of the parameters of the proposed models are obtained by developing an Expectation Conditional Maximization Either algorithm. The numerical performance of the proposed methodology is illustrated through simulated and real data examples.
La negazione del dialogo. Nota a "Cosa si fa quando si fa filosofia?", a cura del laboratorio di Ermeneutica filosofica (15/02/13)
Creators: name: Manicone, Alberto
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014

description: Nota a "Cosa si fa quando si fa filosofia?", a cura del laboratorio di Ermeneutica filosofica (15/02/13)
description: Nóema, No 4-2 (2013): Ricerche