cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Photovoltaics (PV) Industry Value Chain Analysis
Creators: name: Theologitis, I.T.
name: Masson, G.
name: Rekinger, M.
name: Papoutsi, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: PV - A MAJOR ELECTRICITY SOURCE
PV Globalisation, Policies and Administrative Barriers

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4552-4557
description: This paper assesses the importance of Photovoltaics (PV) in Europe on the basis of value creation in
Europe. The main goal is therefore to estimate the total value created by the European PV business and activities. These
activities reflect both the upstream and the downstream part of the PV system covering the main value chain of
products/components and services, excluding however the value of electricity generation, the job creation and the value
created by R&D. This thorough analysis includes a mapping exercise where for each main step of the PV supply chain,
the main factors of production are estimated. The results are summarized in two value chain charts, one for crystalline
silicon and one for thin film PV technologies as wells as one aggregated chart that shows the total EU and non-EU value
share as regards the total value of the EU market. Based on the analysis, the value created by European PV activities is
estimated at around 19.3bn € in 2012. That is about 74% of the total value of the European PV market in 2012 (26bn €).
In addition, O&M services related to the 17.2 GW newly connected PV systems in 2012 triggered an additional value
creation of almost 0.37bn €.
Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum Peters 1882
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Sphaeronycteris
Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum

description: Sphaeronycteris toxophyllum Peters, 1882. Sitzb. Preuss. Akad. Wiss., 45:989. TYPE LOCALITY: Peru, Loreto, Pebas. DISTRIBUTION: Colombia to Venezuela, Peru and Bolivia; Amazonian Brazil.
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 191, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
Dolerus varispinus Hartig 1837
Creators: name: Liston, Andrew
name: Mutanen, Marko
name: Heidemaa, Mikk
name: Blank, Stephan M.
name: Kiljunen, Niina
name: Taeger, Andreas
name: Viitasaari, Matti
name: Vikberg, Veli
name: Wutke, Saskia
name: Prous, Marko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tenthredinidae
Dolerus
Dolerus varispinus

description: Dolerus varispinus Hartig, 1837 Fig. 16G, J, M, P, S Dolerus varispinus Hartig, 1837: 239. ♀, ♂. Syntypes. Lectotype ♂ designated by Blank and Taeger (1992). Type locality: Germany [implicit from title of Hartig’s work]. Dolerus rugosus Konow, 1884: 281. ♀, ♂. Syntypes. Type locality: Fürstenberg (Mecklenburg). Lectotype designated below. Junior primary homonym of Dolerus rugosus Freymuth, 1870. Dolerus rugosulus Dalla Torre, 1894: 16. A replacement name for D. rugosus Konow. Type material examined and taxonomic notes. Dolerus varispinus Hartig, 1837. Lectotype examined. ZSM. Dolerus rugosus Konow, 1884. Lectotype ♂ hereby designated, labelled: " Dolerus rugosus m [mihi]. fbg. 4.84" (Fürstenberg / Mecklenburg, IV.1884) [with a double black frame], " Dolerus rugosus D. T. [Dalla Torre]", " Syntypus " [red, printed]; " Lectotypus [printed] ♂ Dolerus rugosus Konow, 1884, design. M. Heidemaa and Viitasaari [printed] 1999 [handwritten]" [red label], "GBIF-GISHym 3770" [printed], "Coll. Konow" [printed], "Eberswalde coll. DEI" [printed], " Dolerus 1997 [printed] Dolerus varispinus Hartig [handwritten] M. Heidemaa det. [printed]". SDEI. The taxonomic identity of the lectotype is certain despite its poor condition, because the katepimeron of the mesopleuron is preserved.
description: Published as part of Liston, Andrew, Mutanen, Marko, Heidemaa, Mikk, Blank, Stephan M., Kiljunen, Niina, Taeger, Andreas, Viitasaari, Matti, Vikberg, Veli, Wutke, Saskia & Prous, Marko, 2022, Taxonomy and nomenclature of some Fennoscandian Sawflies, with descriptions of two new species (Hymenoptera, Symphyta), pp. 151-218 in Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 69 (2) on page 151, DOI: 10.3897/dez.69.84080
description: {"references": ["Blank, SM, Taeger, A, 1992. Die von Th. Hartig und A. Foerster in der Gattung Dolerus beschriebenen Arten (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae). Entomofauna. Zeitschrift fuer Entomologie 13 (12): 213 - 232"]}
Student nurses' and staff perceptions of the clinical learning environment
Creators: name: Chuan, Ooi Loo.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Fenusa ewaldi D. R. Smith 2011
Creators: name: Liston, Andrew
name: Mutanen, Marko
name: Heidemaa, Mikk
name: Blank, Stephan M.
name: Kiljunen, Niina
name: Taeger, Andreas
name: Viitasaari, Matti
name: Vikberg, Veli
name: Wutke, Saskia
name: Prous, Marko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tenthredinidae
Fenusa
Fenusa ewaldi

description: Fenusa ewaldi D. R. Smith, 2011 (Tenthredinidae, Blennocampinae) Figs 36, 37 Notes. A total of about 40♀ and numerous mines. All specimens leg. M. Mutanen, in ZMUO and SDEI: Finland: Ostrobottnia ouluensis, Oulu Linnanmaa kasvipuutarha [Oulu Botanic Garden], YKJ grid coordinates: 7219:3427 [65.064N, 25.460E]: adults, 26.06.2018. Larvae in mines on Rosa, 12.07.2019, Rearing 142/2019. Larvae in mines on Rosa, 07.08.2019, Rearing 376/2019. Adults, 06.06.2020. Larvae in mines on Rosa, 06.07.2020, Rearing: 30/2020. Ostrobottnia kajanensis, Kuhmo Ulvinsalo, YKJ grid coordinates: 7103:3665 [63.992°N, 30.382°E]: about 20 mines on Rubus chamaemorus, of which ca 8 inhabited, with one larva in alcohol and four females emerged, collected 10.08.2019, Rearing: 400/2019. Fenusa ewaldi was described from two females reared from leaf-mines on Rosa collected in Novosibirsk, West Siberia (Smith and Altenhofer 2011). Also reared from Rosa by Ponomarev (2022): Russia, Moscow oblast, Voynovo-Gora, 55.846°N, 39.063°E, 10.07.2020. Since at least 2018, leaf-mines of Fenusa ewaldi have been frequently found on Rosa, e.g. R. woodsii and R. acicularis in Oulu Botanic Garden, and numerous females reared (Fig. 36). At these three localities, cultivated Rosa species in parks and gardens were the hosts (Fig. 37A). Mines were found mostly on more sheltered rose bushes. The rearing of four females from leaf-mines on Rubus chamaemorus (above) was therefore unexpected, considering the habitat was shady, moist, natural old-growth mixed forest dominated by spruce (Fig. 37B).
description: Published as part of Liston, Andrew, Mutanen, Marko, Heidemaa, Mikk, Blank, Stephan M., Kiljunen, Niina, Taeger, Andreas, Viitasaari, Matti, Vikberg, Veli, Wutke, Saskia & Prous, Marko, 2022, Taxonomy and nomenclature of some Fennoscandian Sawflies, with descriptions of two new species (Hymenoptera, Symphyta), pp. 151-218 in Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 69 (2) on page 151, DOI: 10.3897/dez.69.84080
description: {"references": ["Smith, DR, Altenhofer, E, 2011. The second record of a sawfly leafminer on Rosa, a new species of Fenusa (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 113 (1): 57 - 60, DOI: https://doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.113.1.57", "Ponomarev, AG, 2022. Babochki i zhuki Moscovskoj oblasti. Published on the Internet. http://insectamo.ru"]}
Evolution of material surfaces in the temporal transition in channel flow
Creators: name: Zhao, Yaomin
name: Yang, Yue
name: Chen, Shiyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a Lagrangian study on the evolution of material surfaces in the K-type temporal transitional channel flow. Based on the Eulerian velocity field from the DNS, a backward-particle-tracking method is applied to solve the transport equation of the Lagrangian scalar field, and then the iso-surfaces of the Lagrangian field can be extracted as material surfaces in the evolution. Three critical issues for Lagrangian investigations on the evolution of coherent structures using material surfaces are addressed. First, the initial scalar field is uniquely determined based on proposed criteria, so that the initial material surfaces can be approximated as vortex surfaces, and keep invariant in the initial laminar state. Second, the evolution of typical material surfaces initially from different wall distances is presented, and then the influential material surface with the maximum deformation is identified. Large vorticity variations with the maximum curvature growth of vortex lines are also observed on this surface. Moreover, crucial events in the transition can be characterized in a Lagrangian approach by conditional statistics on the material surfaces. Finally, the influential material surface, which is initially a vortex surface, is demonstrated as a surrogate of the vortex surface before significant topological changes of vortical structures. Therefore, this material surface can be used to elucidate the continuous evolution of vortical structures in transitional wall-bounded flows in a Lagrangian perspective. The evolution of the influential material surface is divided into three stages: the formation of a triangular bulge from an initially disturbed streamwise-spanwise sheet, rolling up of the vortex sheet near the bulge ridges with the vorticity intensification, and the generation and evolution of signature hairpin-like structures with self-induced dynamics of vortex filaments.
Stenoderma E. Geoffroy 1818
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Stenoderma

description: Stenoderma E. Geoffroy, 1818. Descrip, de L'Egypte, 2:114. TYPE SPECIES: Stenoderma rufa Demarest, 1820. COMMENTS: Some authors include Ardops, Phyllops, and Ariteus in Stenoderma; see Varona (1974:23-26) and Simpson (1945:58), but most mammalogists follow the arrangement presented here; see also Jones and Carter (1976:28-29).
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 192, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
description: {"references": ["Varona, L. S. 1974. Catalogo de los mamiferos vivientes y extinguidos de las Antillas. Instituto de Zoologia, Academia de Ciencias de Cuba (Havana), 139 pp.", "Simpson, G. G. 1945. The principles of classification and a classification of mammals. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 85: 1 - 350.", "Jones, J. K., Jr., and D. C. Carter. 1976. Annotated checklist, with keys to subfamilies and genera. Part I. Pp. 7 - 38, in Biology of bats of the New World family Phyllostomatidae. Part I (R. J. Baker, J. K. Jones, Jr., and D. C. Carter, eds.). Special Publications, The Museum, Texas Tech University Press, 10: 1 - 218."]}
Oasis: a high-level/high-performance open source Navier-Stokes solver
Creators: name: Mortensen, Mikael
name: Valen-Sendstad, Kristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Oasis is a high-level/high-performance finite element Navier-Stokes solver written from scratch in Python using building blocks from the FEniCS project (fenicsproject.org). The solver is unstructured and targets large-scale applications in complex geometries on massively parallel clusters. Oasis utilizes MPI and interfaces, through FEniCS, to the linear algebra backend PETSc. Oasis advocates a high-level, programmable user interface through the creation of highly flexible Python modules for new problems. Through the high-level Python interface the user is placed in complete control of every aspect of the solver. A version of the solver, that is using piecewise linear elements for both velocity and pressure, is shown reproduce very well the classical, spectral, turbulent channel simulations of Moser, Kim and Mansour at $Re_τ=180$ [Phys. Fluids, vol 11(4), p. 964]. The computational speed is strongly dominated by the iterative solvers provided by the linear algebra backend, which is arguably the best performance any similar implicit solver using PETSc may hope for. Higher order accuracy is also demonstrated and new solvers may be easily added within the same framework.
Impact of New Danish Hourly Based Net Metering on the Acceptable Solar PV System Cost
Creators: name: Kjær, S.B.
name: Benz, C.H.
name: Gonlazez, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: PV - A MAJOR ELECTRICITY SOURCE
PV Business Opportunities

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4547-4551
description: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between: the size of solar PV systems; their
orientations; yearly energy consumption in households; and the acceptable break-even cost of the solar PV systems.
By acceptable break-even cost, we think of the cost for a solar PV system, which will keep the solar PV business
continuing when supported by hourly net-metering. Measured, hourly electricity consumption from 46 households is
compared with the electricity generation from 16 different solar PV systems, with nominal power from 2 kW to 6
kW. A questioner with 122 respondents reveals that approximately 30% of the population will accept a 10 year
payback period. A 2 kW PV system can in this way cost between 4000 – 5700 €, all inclusive, when the payback
period must be equal to 10 years. A 6 kW PV system can in the same way cost between 9900 – 14 000 €. Operational
cost, discount rate and yearly degeneration of the solar PV system is omitted thus the results is an absolute maximum.
Dolerus incisus Goulet 1986
Creators: name: Liston, Andrew
name: Mutanen, Marko
name: Heidemaa, Mikk
name: Blank, Stephan M.
name: Kiljunen, Niina
name: Taeger, Andreas
name: Viitasaari, Matti
name: Vikberg, Veli
name: Wutke, Saskia
name: Prous, Marko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tenthredinidae
Dolerus
Dolerus incisus

description: Dolerus incisus Goulet, 1986 Fig. 20A-C Notes. Finland: Regio kuusamoensis, Kuusamo Siikauopaja, YKJ grid coordinates: 7362:3612 [66.334°N, 29.511°E], 2♀ (ZMUO.035155, ZMUO.035156), 12.06.2018. 1♀ (ZMUO.045265), 20.06.2020. All specimens leg. M. Mutanen. ZMUO. First record in the Palaearctic. Recorded previously only in boreal North America: Alaska, Alberta, Yukon, and North West Territories (Goulet 1986). The genetic and morphological affinity of D. incisus to D. junci and D. yukonensis suggests that the host plant of D. incisus is also a species of Equisetum (Goulet 1986). The habitat in Finland is a shallow oxbow lake (meander) of the Oulanka river with plenty of Equisetum fluviatile, which is also the host of D. junci. This habitat matches perfectly with that given for D. incisus in North America by Goulet (1986). Several other Dolerus species occur syntopically, including the closely related D. junci Stephens (= D. cothurnatus auct., see above). The melanic form of D. incisus is recorded from Finland (all three are females, see above, Fig. 20A) and Norway (Heimdalsmunnen, alt 1150 m, leg. E. Heibo, CEH). Melanic females of D. subarcticus (recorded from Norway and Kamtschatka, see under D. subarcticus) can be distinguished by their postocellar furrows, the sawsheath (valvula 3) shape, and its apical setation (Fig. 20B). Melanic males can be separated most reliably by their penis valves (Fig. 20C, 20D). Only the melanic colour form of D. incisus has so far been recognized from Fennoscandian countries, whereas in Canada and the USA both the black color form and a form with red-banded abdomen and partly reddish legs are known. We studied paratypes of D. incisus: 2♀, 2♂, some of them dissected, CNC.
description: Published as part of Liston, Andrew, Mutanen, Marko, Heidemaa, Mikk, Blank, Stephan M., Kiljunen, Niina, Taeger, Andreas, Viitasaari, Matti, Vikberg, Veli, Wutke, Saskia & Prous, Marko, 2022, Taxonomy and nomenclature of some Fennoscandian Sawflies, with descriptions of two new species (Hymenoptera, Symphyta), pp. 151-218 in Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 69 (2) on page 151, DOI: 10.3897/dez.69.84080
description: {"references": ["Goulet, H, 1986. The genera and species of the Nearctic Dolerini (Symphyta: Tenthredinidae: Selandriinae): classification and phylogeny. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 135(S135): 1-208. https://doi.org/10.4039/entm118135fv"]}
An investigation of triage practice in three Saudi Arabian hospitals
Creators: name: Al Both'hi, Yousef Abdullah Ibrahim.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Observation of Collective Coulomb Blockade in a Gate-controlled Linear Quantum-dot Array
Creators: name: Wei, Wen-Yao
name: Lo, Tung-Sheng
name: Tang, Chiu-Chun
name: Lin, Kuan-Ting
name: Brink, Markus
name: Ling, Dah-Chin
name: Chi, Cheng-Chung
name: Mou, Chung-Yu
name: Chen, Jeng-Chung
name: Newns, Dennis M.
name: Tsuei, Chang C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum transport of electrons in an artificial atom, such as a quantum dot (QD), is governed by the Coulomb blockade (CB) effects, revealing the ground-state charge configuration of the electronic system under interplays of the on-site strong Coulomb interactions. In a coherently-coupled QD array, i.e. artificial molecules, the phenomenon of collective CB (CCB) was predicted by theoretical studies circa two decades ago but its evidence remains controversial. Here, we present direct evidence for the observation of CCB in a six-quantum-dot array (QDA) under high magnetic fields at 20 mK. The coherent inter-dot coupling is enhanced and mediated via the Quantum Hall edge states of the GaAs sample substrate. Two continuously fine-tuned gate voltages enable the quantum dot conductance spectrum to undergo a localization to delocalization transition process which manifests as an emergence and a collapse of CCB. The transition between these two distinct quantum phases is analogous to the Mott-Hubbard metal-insulator transition. The gate-voltage-dependent conductance map thus obtained makes it possible to utilize QDA as an on-chip laboratory for studying CCB and Mott physics. Our QDA device provides a platform for developing engineered QD materials, qubit systems and artificial molecular devices in the future.
Acianthera sigmoidea A. Doucette 2016, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Doucette, Alfonso
name: Timyan, Joel
name: Henrys, Ingrid
name: Cameron, Kenneth M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Acianthera
Acianthera sigmoidea

description: 2.7 Acianthera sigmoidea (Ames & C.Schweinf.) A.Doucette, comb. nov.
 Basionym: Pleurothallis sigmoidea Ames & Schweinfurth (1930: 36). Kraenzlinella sigmoidea (Ames & C.Schweinf.) Luer (2004: 258).
description: Published as part of Doucette, Alfonso, Timyan, Joel, Henrys, Ingrid & Cameron, Kenneth M., 2016, A tiny new species of Specklinia from Haiti's Parc National Naturel Macaya and new combinations in Acianthera (Pleurothallidinae, Epidendreae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae), pp. 263-276 in Phytotaxa 275 (3) on page 272, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.275.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13654453
Search for Soft X-ray Flashes at Fireball Phase of Classical/Recurrent Novae using MAXI/GSC data
Creators: name: Morii, Mikio
name: Yamaoka, Hitoshi
name: Mihara, Tatehiro
name: Matsuoka, Masaru
name: Kawai, Nobuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We searched for precursive soft X-ray flashes (SXFs) associated with optically-discovered classical or recurrent novae in the data of five-years all-sky observations with Gas Slit Camera (GSC) of the Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image (MAXI). We first developed a tool to measure fluxes of point sources by fitting the event distribution with the model that incorporates the point-spread function (PSF-fit) to minimize the potential contamination from nearby sources. Then we applied the PSF-fit tool to 40 classical/recurrent novae that were discovered in optical observations from 2009 August to 2014 August. We found no precursive SXFs with significance above $3 σ$ level in the energy range of 2$-$4 keV between $t_{d}-10$d and $t_{d}$, where $t_{d}$ is the date when each nova was discovered. We obtained the upper limits for the bolometric luminosity of SXFs, and compared them with the theoretical prediction and that observed for MAXI J0158$-$744. This result could constrain the population of massive white dwarfs with a mass of roughly 1.40 solar mass, or larger, in binary systems.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in PASJ
Accelerating the convergence of replica exchange simulations using Gibbs sampling and adaptive temperature sets
Creators: name: Vogel, Thomas
name: Perez, Danny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We recently introduced a novel replica-exchange scheme in which an individual replica can sample from states encountered by other replicas at any previous time by way of a global configuration database, enabling the fast propagation of relevant states through the whole ensemble of replicas. This mechanism depends on the knowledge of global thermodynamic functions which are measured during the simulation and not coupled to the heat bath temperatures driving the individual simulations. Therefore, this setup also allows for a continuous adaptation of the temperature set. In this paper, we will review the new scheme and demonstrate its capability. The method is particularly useful for the fast and reliable estimation of the microcanonical temperature T(U) or, equivalently, of the density of states g(U) over a wide range of energies.
Quantum key distribution over multicore fiber
Creators: name: Dynes, J. F.
name: Kindness, S. J.
name: Tam, S. W. -B.
name: Plews, A.
name: Sharpe, A. W.
name: Lucamarini, M.
name: Fröhlich, B.
name: Yuan, Z. L.
name: Penty, R. V.
name: Shields, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first quantum key distribution (QKD) experiment over multicore fiber. With space division multiplexing, we demonstrate that weak QKD signals can coexist with classical data signals launched at full power in a 53 km 7-core fiber, while showing negligible degradation in performance. Based on a characterization of intercore crosstalk, we perform additional simulations highlighting that classical data bandwidths beyond 1Tb/s can be supported with high speed QKD on the same fiber.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
A survey study of nurses' wound management practices
Creators: name: Sidgwick, Eileen P.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Fabrication of the Thin-Film of InGaAs/GaAsP Multiple Quantum Well Solar Cells with Light-Trapping Structure
Creators: name: Inoue, T.
name: Kim, B.
name: Watanabe, K.
name: Sugiyama, M.
name: Nakano, Y.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: MATERIAL STUDIES, NEW CONCEPTS, ULTRA-HIGH EFFICIENCY AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 595-598
description: The light trapping thin-film GaAs single junction solar cells with InGaAs/GaAsP strain-balanced
MQWs was demonstrated for enhanced light absorption in the optically thin MQWs layer. Thin film cell was
fabricated by flip-flop bonding of a GaAs substrate with epitaxial layers to the stainless steel support substrate.
Subsequently, the substrate was removed for reducing optical loss caused by free-carriar absorption and maximizing
the light trapping effect. The grating-like groove array was applied to the backside of the cell for scattering and
trapping light inside the cell. Improved absorption in MQWs was demonstrated and 1.7 times larger external quantum
efficiency (EQE) was observed in the wavelength range of 860 - 1000 nm, comparing with the cell with a flat
backside surface.
Stenoderma rufum Desmarest 1820
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Stenoderma
Stenoderma rufum

description: Stenoderma rufum Desmarest, 1820. Mammalogie, in Encycl. Méth., p. 117. TYPE LOCALITY: Not designated in original publication (probably Virgin Isis). DISTRIBUTION: Puerto Rico and Virgin Isis (St. John and St. Thomas). SYNONYMS: anthonyi, darioi, undatus. COMMENTS: See Genoways and Baker (1972, Mammalian Species, 18).
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 192, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
description: {"references": ["Genoways, H. H., and R. J. Baker. 1972. Stenoderma rufum. Mammalian Species, 18: 1 - 4."]}
Cost Leadership or Diversification? Assessing the Business Strategies of PV Manufacturers Using Case Studies from the USA and the UK
Creators: name: Gazis, E.
name: Candelise, C.
name: Winskel, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: PV - A MAJOR ELECTRICITY SOURCE
PV Globalisation, Policies and Administrative Barriers

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4558-4568
description: The recent explosive growth of the PV sector combined with the multiple technological advancements
have allowed for extensive experimentation in terms of applications and business models.
This paper follows on a previous market assessment and offers a mapping of the various business strategies
adopted by PV firms. It investigates real case-studies to analyse the benefits and dangers related to diversification
through product and market differentiation. Finally it provides insights for the growth potential of such firms taking
into consideration not only the techno-economic characteristics that are intrinsic to each one, but also the wider socioeconomic
environment.
The analysis combines literature research with original empirical evidence gathered using interviews with PV
experts and comparative firm-level case studies. It then draws upon innovation studies, technological transitions and
business literature to provide a novel analytical framework for the understanding of the factors facilitating or
hindering the successful commercialisation of innovative PV applications.
This work is part of the EPSRC’s Supergen PV21 Consortium (PV Materials for the 21st Century) and as such it
draws upon leading expertise in TF PV technologies.
Bleb Nucleation through Membrane Peeling
Creators: name: Alert, Ricard
name: Casademunt, Jaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study the nucleation of blebs, i.e., protrusions arising from a local detachment of the membrane from the cortex of a cell. Based on a simple model of elastic linkers with force-dependent kinetics, we show that bleb nucleation is governed by membrane peeling. By this mechanism, the growth or shrinkage of a detached membrane patch is completely determined by the linker kinetics, regardless of the energetic cost of the detachment. We predict the critical nucleation radius for membrane peeling and the corresponding effective energy barrier. These may be typically smaller than those predicted by classical nucleation theory, implying a much faster nucleation. We also perform simulations of a continuum stochastic model of membrane-cortex adhesion to obtain the statistics of bleb nucleation times as a function of the stress on the membrane. The determinant role of membrane peeling changes our understanding of bleb nucleation and opens new directions in the study of blebs.
Quantitative Analysis of the Merit Order Effect from Photovoltaic Production in Italy
Creators: name: Carton, M.
name: Gourvitch, N.
name: Gouzerh, H.
name: Masson, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: PV - A MAJOR ELECTRICITY SOURCE
PV Globalisation, Policies and Administrative Barriers

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4589-4594
description: This study proposes a method to quantify the savings incurred by the end consumers in Italy over the
past 7 years as a result of the decrease in electricity spot market prices observed when PV plants feed electricity into
the grid. The study showed that the total electricity demand retreated by PV production is well correlated to market
prices, following a stable exponential curve. Estimating such curve enables to calculate what the additional energy
payments would have been had there been no PV production. Such gain, called merit order effect, varied over time.
The authors have run Monte Carlo simulations on a large number of irradiation profiles and showed that the merit
order effect does not depend much on the PV penetration rate but rather on the electricity demand profile, and
therefore on how well it correlates with the PV production profile. The social gain expressed per MWh of PV
electricity fed into the grid exceeds 100 €/MWh, and has exceeded € 2 Bn at the country scale in 2012. If that money
could be captured by the government, it could be used to finance support schemes and grid infrastructure works for
instance.
Phymatoceropsis gracilicornis Liston & Mutanen & Heidemaa & Blank & Kiljunen & Taeger & Viitasaari & Vikberg & Wutke & Prous 2022, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Liston, Andrew
name: Mutanen, Marko
name: Heidemaa, Mikk
name: Blank, Stephan M.
name: Kiljunen, Niina
name: Taeger, Andreas
name: Viitasaari, Matti
name: Vikberg, Veli
name: Wutke, Saskia
name: Prous, Marko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tenthredinidae
Phymatoceropsis
Phymatoceropsis gracilicornis

description: Phymatoceropsis gracilicornis (Zaddach, 1859) comb. nov. Notes. Selandria gracilicornis Zaddach, 1859: 34-35. ♀. Holotype. Type locality [see Introduction, p. 7]: probably Königsberg [= Russia, Kaliningrad]. Blennocampa gracilicornis: André (1881). Monophadnus gracilicornis: Kirby (1882). Rhadinoceraea gracilicornis: Konow (1886a). Dicrostema gracilicornis: Benson (1952). Paracharactus gracilicornis: Smith (1969). The host plant of P. gracilicornis is Adoxa moschatellina L. (Adoxaceae) (Chambers 1947).
description: Published as part of Liston, Andrew, Mutanen, Marko, Heidemaa, Mikk, Blank, Stephan M., Kiljunen, Niina, Taeger, Andreas, Viitasaari, Matti, Vikberg, Veli, Wutke, Saskia & Prous, Marko, 2022, Taxonomy and nomenclature of some Fennoscandian Sawflies, with descriptions of two new species (Hymenoptera, Symphyta), pp. 151-218 in Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 69 (2) on page 151, DOI: 10.3897/dez.69.84080
description: {"references": ["Andre, E, 1881. Species des Hymenopteres d'Europe & d'Algerie. L'Auteur, Beaune (Cote-d'Or), 1[1879-1882](8): 301-380. [catalogue 37-48]", "Kirby, WF, 1882. List of Hymenoptera with Descriptions and Figures of the Typical Specimens in the British Museum. 1. Tenthredinidae and Siricidae. Trustees of the Museum, London", "Konow, FW, 1886a. Die europaeischen Blennocampen (soweit dieselben bisher bekannt sind). Wiener entomologische Zeitung 5 (6): 211 - 218, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.20586", "Benson, RB, 1952. Hymenoptera, Symphyta. Handbooks for the Identification of British Insects 6(2b): 51-137.", "Smith, DR, 1969. Nearctic Sawflies. I. Blennocampinae: Adults and larvae (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae). Technical Bulletin, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington DC 1397: 1 - 176", "Chambers, VH, 1947. Biological notes on Rhadinoceraea gracilicornis (Zadd.) (Hym., Tenthredinidae). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 83 (8): 271 - 273"]}
Sturnira Gray 1842
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Sturnira

description: Sturnira Gray, 1842. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., [ser. 1], 10:257. TYPE SPECIES: Sturnira spectrum Gray, 1842 (= Phyllostoma lilium E. Geoffroy, 1810). SYNONYMS: Corvira, Sturnirops (see Jones and Carter, 1976:21). COMMENTS: Davis (1980) gave a key to all but one of the species recognized here.
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 192, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
description: {"references": ["Gray, J. E. 1842. Description of two new species of Mammalia discovered in Australia by Captain George Gray (Tarsipes Spenserae and Chaeropus castanotis). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, [ser. 1], 9: 39 - 42.", "Jones, J. K., Jr., and D. C. Carter. 1976. Annotated checklist, with keys to subfamilies and genera. Part I. Pp. 7 - 38, in Biology of bats of the New World family Phyllostomatidae. Part I (R. J. Baker, J. K. Jones, Jr., and D. C. Carter, eds.). Special Publications, The Museum, Texas Tech University Press, 10: 1 - 218.", "Davis, W. B. 1980. New Sturnira (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) from Central and South American, with key to currently recognized species. Occasional Papers, The Museum, Texas Tech University, 70: 1 - 5."]}
Specklinia montezumae Luer 2004
Creators: name: Doucette, Alfonso
name: Timyan, Joel
name: Henrys, Ingrid
name: Cameron, Kenneth M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Specklinia
Specklinia montezumae

description: Specklinia montezumae (Luer) Luer (2004: 262)
 Basionym: Pleurothallis montezumae Luer (1996: 83). Gerardoa montezumae (Luer) Luer (2006: 86).
 Kraenzlinella rinkei Luer (2011: 326).
 Notes:—The species was described based on an aberrant flower that developed in a non-resupinate position. Like Specklinia montezumae, the species is reported from Costa Rica and shares the same vegetative and floral morphology (Fig. 4). A new combination for Kraenzlinella rinkei under Acianthera is unnecessary.
description: Published as part of Doucette, Alfonso, Timyan, Joel, Henrys, Ingrid & Cameron, Kenneth M., 2016, A tiny new species of Specklinia from Haiti's Parc National Naturel Macaya and new combinations in Acianthera (Pleurothallidinae, Epidendreae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae), pp. 263-276 in Phytotaxa 275 (3) on page 272, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.275.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13654453
Hong Kong nurses' participation and perception in continuing nursing education : a three-year study
Creators: name: Lai, Kit Yu Kithelia.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Analysis of High Concentration Passively Cooled CPV Module Designs Using Mirror Optics
Creators: name: Dreger, M.
name: Wiesenfarth, M.
name: Schmid, T.
name: Bett, A.W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: MATERIAL STUDIES, NEW CONCEPTS, ULTRA-HIGH EFFICIENCY AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 599-604
description: In high concentrating photovoltaic (HCPV) modules the solar radiation is focused on high efficient multi-junction solar cells. One option to distinguish between different system approaches is the applied optics. For example, Frensel lenses or parabolic mirrors can be used as primary optics. Another aspect of the module design is how the thermal energy is distributed. There are actively and passively cooled systems. In any case, the way of thermal management is essential for the high performance of the system. In this paper passively cooled systems with mirrors as primary optics are investigated. Different designs of modules with on-axis, off-axis and Cassegrain optics were chosen and evaluated in terms of thermal management, optical efficiency, acceptance angle and manufacturing efforts. For the analysis of the optical and thermal behavior, ray tracing and FEM simulations were applied. In terms of temperature of the solar cell the Cassegrain design has the lowest operating temperature as the heat spreader does not shade the primary optics and can be generously dimensioned. Comparing the acceptance angle and the optical efficiency a special on-axis design with the heat spreader assembled inside of the module performs best.
Dolerus anthracinus
Creators: name: Liston, Andrew
name: Mutanen, Marko
name: Heidemaa, Mikk
name: Blank, Stephan M.
name: Kiljunen, Niina
name: Taeger, Andreas
name: Viitasaari, Matti
name: Vikberg, Veli
name: Wutke, Saskia
name: Prous, Marko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tenthredinidae
Dolerus
Dolerus anthracinus

description: Dolerus anthracinus (Klug, 1818) Fig. 10A Notes. Tenthredo (Dolerus) anthracina Klug, 1818: 302. ♀, ♂. Syntypes. Type locality: Germany, Gartz in Pommern. Lectotype ♂ hereby designated, labelled: “14205” [collection catalog no., printed], " Anthracina Kl." [Klug’s handwriting], “Kl.” [Klug’s handwriting], "GBIF-GISHym 2308" [printed], "Zool. Mus. Berlin" [printed], " Lectotypus ♀ Tenthredo (Dolerus) anthracina Klug, 1818 M.Heidemaa des. '22 [handwritten in block letters]" [red], " Dolerus anthracinus (Klug, 1818) M.Heidemaa det. [printed] not nitens Zadd." [handwritten in block letters]. ZMHB.
description: Published as part of Liston, Andrew, Mutanen, Marko, Heidemaa, Mikk, Blank, Stephan M., Kiljunen, Niina, Taeger, Andreas, Viitasaari, Matti, Vikberg, Veli, Wutke, Saskia & Prous, Marko, 2022, Taxonomy and nomenclature of some Fennoscandian Sawflies, with descriptions of two new species (Hymenoptera, Symphyta), pp. 151-218 in Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 69 (2) on page 151, DOI: 10.3897/dez.69.84080
Flat Plate Concentrators with Large Acceptance Angle Enabled by Microcells and Mini Lenses: Performance Evaluation
Creators: name: Cruz-Campa, J.L.
name: Nielson, G.N.
name: Riley, D.S.
name: Okandan, M.
name: Lentine, A.L.
name: Sweatt, W.C.
name: Jared, B.H.
name: Resnick, P.J.
name: Kim, B.
name: Kratochvil, J.
name: Anderson, B.J.
name: Gupta, V.P.
name: Tauke-Pedretti, A.
name: Cederberg, J.G.
name: Gu, T.
name: Haney, M.W.
name: Paap, S.M.
name: Sánchez, C.A.
name: Nordquist, C.
name: Saavedra, M.P.
name: Ballance, M.
name: Nguyen, J.
name: Alford, C.
name: Nelson, J.S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: MATERIAL STUDIES, NEW CONCEPTS, ULTRA-HIGH EFFICIENCY AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 612-616
description: In this article, we present the concept, construction, and testing of a thin concentrator. This shows the
feasibility of using a flat plate form factor while retaining the advantages of concentrating photovoltaics. We
achieved this by using ultrathin and micro-sized single crystal silicon solar cells coupled with a mini-lens array. The
20 cm2 array has a focal length of only 13 mm with a field of view of +/-4 degrees. 216 micro-cells were connected in
series and parallel through a printed circuit board. Each cell is 720 μm in diameter and 20 μm in thickness. Indoor
testing of the module demonstrated an open circuit voltage, a short circuit current and a fill factor of 10.3 V, 21.8
mA, and 80% respectively. Analysis of outdoor testing data with cloudy and clear day data is presented and includes
air mass response, current and voltage vs. insolation, and current and voltage vs. temperature.
Twist in the bias-dependence of spin-torques in magnetic tunnel junctions
Creators: name: Boyn, Sören
name: Sampaio, João
name: Cros, Vincent
name: Grollier, Julie
name: Fukushima, Akio
name: Kubota, Hitoshi
name: Yakushiji, Kay
name: Yuasa, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-torque in magnetic tunnel junctions possesses two components that both depend on the applied voltage. Here, we develop a new method for the accurate extraction of this bias-dependence from experiments over large voltage ranges. We study several junctions with different magnetic layer structures of the top electrode. Our results obtained on junctions with symmetric CoFeB electrodes agree well with theoretical calculations. The bias-dependences of asymmetric samples, with top electrodes containing NiFe, however, are twisted compared to the quadratic form generally assumed. Our measurements reveal the complexity of spin-torque mechanisms at large bias.
Sturnira aratathomasi Peterson and Tamsitt 1968
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Sturnira
Sturnira aratathomasi

description: Sturnira aratathomasi Peterson and Tamsitt, 1968. R. Ontario Mus. Life Sci. Occas. Pap., 12:1. TYPE LOCALITY: Colombia, Valle, 2 km S Pance (ca. 20 km SW Cali), 1,650 m. DISTRIBUTION: Colombia, Ecuador, NW Venezuela, Peru. COMMENTS: Subgenus Sturnira. See Soriano and Molinari (1987, Mammalian Species, 284).
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 192, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
description: {"references": ["Molinari, J., and P. J. Soriano. 1987. Sturnira bidens. Mammalian Species, 276: 1 - 4."]}
The impact of the Career Development Year (CDY) on recruitment and retention of nursing staff in emergency nursing
Creators: name: Morphet, Julia.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Sturnira bidens Thomas 1915
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Sturnira
Sturnira bidens

description: Sturnira bidens Thomas, 1915. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, 16:310. TYPE LOCALITY: Ecuador, Napo, Baeza, Upper Coca River, 6,500 ft. (1,981 m). DISTRIBUTION: Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, perhaps Amazonian Brazil. COMMENTS: Subgenus Corvira. Formerly included in genus Corvira; see Gardner and O'Neill (1969) and Jones and Carter (1976:21). See Molinari and Soriano (1987, Mammalian Species, 276).
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 192, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
description: {"references": ["Gardner, A. L., and J. P. O'Neill. 1969. The taxonomic status of Sturnira bidens (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) with notes on its karyotype and life history. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, Louisiana State University, 38: 1 - 8.", "Jones, J. K., Jr., and D. C. Carter. 1976. Annotated checklist, with keys to subfamilies and genera. Part I. Pp. 7 - 38, in Biology of bats of the New World family Phyllostomatidae. Part I (R. J. Baker, J. K. Jones, Jr., and D. C. Carter, eds.). Special Publications, The Museum, Texas Tech University Press, 10: 1 - 218.", "Molinari, J., and P. J. Soriano. 1987. Sturnira bidens. Mammalian Species, 276: 1 - 4."]}
Sturnira bogotensis Shamel 1927
Creators: name: Koopman, Karl F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Phyllostomidae
Sturnira
Sturnira bogotensis

description: Sturnira bogotensis Shamel, 1927. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 40:129. TYPE LOCALITY: Colombia, Cundinamarca, Bogota. DISTRIBUTION: W Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, NW Argentina. COMMENTS: Subgenus Sturnira. Usually confused with ludovici, but recognized by Handley (1976:25). See also comment under ludovici. The correct name of this species is probably oporaphilum; see Anderson et al. (1982:6).
description: Published as part of Karl F. Koopman, 1993, Order Chiroptera, pp. 137-241 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 192, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353060
description: {"references": ["Handley, C. O., Jr. 1976. Mammals of the Smithsonian Venezuelan Project. Brigham Young University Science Bulletin, Biological Series, 20: 1 - 91.", "Anderson, S., K. F. Koopman, and G. K. Creighton. 1982. Bats of Bolivia: An annotated checklist. American Museum Novitates, 2750: 1 - 24."]}
SOLGAIN – Novel Solution for Low Concentrating Photovoltaic Module
Creators: name: Ulbikas, J.
name: Galdikas, A.J.
name: Damalakiené, L.
name: Liepuonius, K.
name: Righetti, A.
name: Grasso, G.
name: Della Pirriera, M.
name: Bosch-Jimenez, P.
name: Gutierrez-Tauste, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2013
Subjects: MATERIAL STUDIES, NEW CONCEPTS, ULTRA-HIGH EFFICIENCY AND SPACE TECHNOLOGY
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 28th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 605-605
description: Reinventing EU energy system on a low carbon model through utilization of RES is one of the critical
challenges of the 21st Century for EU economy. In recent years PV technology was the leading renewable energy
technology in terms of capacity growth in Europe. Over the last 20 years, PV has already shown impressive price
reductions, but without radically new technological solutions previously demonstrated linear learning rate is be hardly
being achieved. Concentrated PV systems are demonstrating possibilities for significant price reduction in terms of
used material cost, but are not able to defeat flat panel PV because of the need for costly tracking systems. Therefore
eliminating the need of tracking by utilizing novel nanocomposite material solutions for optical elements in CPV
system can be way forward overcoming CPV shortcomings proposing an effective solution for stationery CPV
design.