cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Covering Factor of Warm Dust in Quasars: View from WISE All-Sky Data Release
Creators: name: Ma, Xiang-Cheng
name: Wang, Ting-Gui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By combining the newly infrared photometric data from the All-Sky Data Release of the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with the spectroscopic data from the Seventh Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we study the covering factor of warm dust ($\CF$) for a large quasar sample, as well as the relations between $\CF$ and other physical parameters of quasars. We find a strong correlation between the flux ratio of mid-infrared to near-ultraviolet and the slope of near-ultraviolet spectra, which is interpreted as the dust extinction effect. After correcting for the dust extinction utilizing the above correlation, we examine the relations between $\CF$ and AGN properties: bolometric luminosity ($\Lbol$), black hole mass ($\MBH$) and Eddington ratio ($L/L_{\rm Edd}$). We confirm the anti-correlation between $\CF$ and $\Lbol$. Further we find that $\CF$ is anti-correlated with $\MBH$, but is independent of $L/L_{\rm Edd}$. Radio-loud quasars are found to follow the same correlations as for radio-quiet quasars. Monte Carlo simulations show that the anisotropy of UV-optical continuum of the accretion disc can significantly affect, but is less likely to dominate the $\CF$--$\Lbol$ correlation.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, minor revision before acceptance of MNRAS
Harpsichord Music, Ancient and Modern (#4)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Music

description: Guests: Sylvia Marlowe, Professor Donington, Gloria Rose Donington. Works: G-minor concerto (Bach); Selections (Couperin); Serenade for flute, oboe, cello, and harpsichord (Ben Weber); Sonata for flute, oboe, cello, and harpsichord (Elliot Carter); Lovers (Ned Rorem)
Extended DNA threading through a dual-engine motor module of the activating signal co-integrator 1 complex
Creators: name: Jia, Junqiao
name: Hilal, Tarek
name: Bohnsack, Katherine E.
name: Chernev, Aleksandar
name: Tsao, Ning
name: Bethmann, Juliane
name: Arumugam, Aruna
name: Holton, Nicole
name: Loll, Bernhard
name: Wahl, Markus C.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryoelectron microscopy
subject: DNA
subject: DNA repair enzymes
subject: Enzyme mechanisms
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Activating signal co-integrator 1 complex (ASCC) subunit 3 (ASCC3) supports diverse genome maintenance and gene expression processes, and contains tandem Ski2-like NTPase/helicase cassettes crucial for these functions. Presently, the molecular mechanisms underlying ASCC3 helicase activity and regulation remain unresolved. We present cryogenic electron microscopy, DNA-protein cross-linking/mass spectrometry as well as in vitro and cellular functional analyses of the ASCC3-TRIP4 sub-module of ASCC. Unlike the related spliceosomal SNRNP200 RNA helicase, ASCC3 can thread substrates through both helicase cassettes. TRIP4 docks on ASCC3 via a zinc finger domain and stimulates the helicase by positioning an ASC-1 homology domain next to the C-terminal helicase cassette of ASCC3, likely supporting substrate engagement and assisting the DNA exit. TRIP4 binds ASCC3 mutually exclusively with the DNA/RNA dealkylase, ALKBH3, directing ASCC3 for specific processes. Our findings define ASCC3-TRIP4 as a tunable motor module of ASCC that encompasses two cooperating NTPase/helicase units functionally expanded by TRIP4.
Bibliometric study on the use of machine learning as resolution technique for Facility Layout Problems
Creators: name: Burggräf, Peter
name: Wagner, Johannes
name: Heinbach, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Siegen
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: Bibliometrische Studie
subject: Anlagenlayoutprobleme
subject: Bibliometric Study
subject: Facility Layout Problems
subject: Flexible Fertigung
subject: Fertigungssystem

description: Facility Layout Problems (FLP) are concerned with finding efficient factory layouts. Numerous resolution approaches are known in literature for layout optimization. Among those, intelligent approaches are less researched than solutions from exact or approximating approaches. The recent surge of research interest in Artificial Intelligence, and specifically Machine Learning (ML) techniques, presages an increase of such techniques' usage in FLP. However, previous reviews on FLP research induce that, to date, this trend has not yet emerged. Utilizing a systematic literature review coupled with a k-Means based clustering algorithm, we analyzed 25 relevant publication full-texts from an original sample of 1,425 papers. Our findings corroborate the statement that ML techniques have attracted substantially less research interest than most other resolution approaches. While a few papers used Unsupervised Learning algorithms directly as a solution to the FLP, Supervised and Reinforcement Learning were found to be practically irrelevant. ML usage was significantly higher in FLP-adjacent planning tasks such as group technology. Drawing from experiences with other NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems in manufacturing research, we conclude that Reinforcement Learning is most promising to bridge the evident gap between FLP and ML research. Our study further contributes to FLP research by extending established classification frameworks.
An overview of the characteristics and methodological standards across systematic reviews with meta-analysis of efficacy/effectiveness of influenza antiviral drugs
Creators: name: Okoli, George N.
name: Lam, Otto LT
name: Reddy, Viraj K
name: Al-Yousif, Yahya
name: Racovitan, Florentin
name: Askin, Nicole
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Influenza antiviral drugs remain controversial and it is not clear if conclusions on their efficacy/effectiveness are based on high quality systematic reviews (SRs). We systematically identified, critically appraised, and summarized the characteristics and adherence to methodological standards in SRs with meta-analysis of efficacy/effectiveness of influenza antiviral drugs for prevention and/or treatment of influenza. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Global Health, and CDSR for English-language SR publications up to July 2020. We summarized the characteristics, adherence to methodological standards and SR quality (AMSTAR 2). From a total 3,898 citations after removal of duplicates from all identified citations, we included 24 SRs. Seventy-five percent (n = 18) were of a critically low quality, 8% (n = 2) of a low quality, 17% (n = 4) of a moderate quality, and none were of a high quality. Seventeen percent (n = 4) were industry-funded, 4% (n = 1) coauthored by industry employee(s), and 33% (n = 8) commissioned by an organization or authority. Only 33% percent (n = 8) reported protocol registration, 4% (n = 1) reported collaboration with a knowledge synthesis librarian/information specialist, and 17% (n = 4) utilized a systematic review reporting checklist. The evidence suggests that SRs of efficacy/effectiveness of influenza antiviral drugs are mostly of critically low quality and do not follow current best SR practices. These findings are significant in view of the important role of SRs in decision-making and the controversies that surround the use of the influenza antiviral drugs. However, the findings should not be interpreted to mean curtailment/cessation of use of antiviral drugs for influenza.
Cell segmentation-free inference of cell types from in situ transcriptomics data
Creators: name: Park, Jeongbin
name: Choi, Wonyl
name: Tiesmeyer, Sebastian
name: Long, Brian
name: Borm, Lars E.
name: Garren, Emma
name: Nguyen, Thuc Nghi
name: Tasic, Bosiljka
name: Codeluppi, Simone
name: Graf, Tobias
name: Schlesner, Matthias
name: Stegle, Oliver
name: Eils, Roland
name: Ishaque, Naveed
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Animals
subject: Computational Biology
subject: Gene Expression Profiling
subject: Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
subject: Imaging, Three-Dimensional
subject: In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
subject: Single-Cell Analysis
subject: Somatosensory Cortex
subject: Transcriptome
subject: Visual Cortex
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Multiplexed fluorescence in situ hybridization techniques have enabled cell-type identification, linking transcriptional heterogeneity with spatial heterogeneity of cells. However, inaccurate cell segmentation reduces the efficacy of cell-type identification and tissue characterization. Here, we present a method called Spot-based Spatial cell-type Analysis by Multidimensional mRNA density estimation (SSAM), a robust cell segmentation-free computational framework for identifying cell-types and tissue domains in 2D and 3D. SSAM is applicable to a variety of in situ transcriptomics techniques and capable of integrating prior knowledge of cell types. We apply SSAM to three mouse brain tissue images: the somatosensory cortex imaged by osmFISH, the hypothalamic preoptic region by MERFISH, and the visual cortex by multiplexed smFISH. Here, we show that SSAM detects regions occupied by known cell types that were previously missed and discovers new cell types.
title: Spatial and social mobility of doctoral candidates in the context of Europeanisation and internationalisation in higher education
title: Räumliche und soziale Mobilität von Doktorand*innen im Kontext von Europäisierung und Internationalisierung der Hochschulbildung
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schäfer, Gregor
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Siegen
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 000 Allgemeines, Informatik, Informationswissenschaft
subject: academic mobility
subject: doctoral candidates
subject: spatial mobility
subject: higher education
subject: Europeanisation
subject: internationalisation
subject: Doktorand
subject: Auswanderer
subject: Mobilität
subject: Europäisierung
subject: Internationalisierung

description: Die Dissertation untersucht Mobilität räumlicher und sozialer Natur bei ausgewanderten Doktorand*innen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Europäisierungs- und Internationalisierungsprozessen.
description: The dissertation addresses spatial and social mobility among emigrated doctoral candidates in the context of Europeanisation and internationalisation in higher education.
Approaches for the prediction of lead times in an engineer to order environment - a systematic review
Creators: name: Burggräf, Peter
name: Wagner, Johannes
name: Koke, Benjamin
name: Steinberg, Fabian
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Siegen
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 620
subject: Durchlaufzeitverkürzung
subject: Maschinelles Lernen
subject: Operations Research
subject: Vorhersagemethoden
subject: Lead time reduction
subject: Machine learning
subject: Operations research
subject: Prediction methods
subject: Maschinelles Lernen
subject: Fabrikplanung

description: The interest of manufacturing companies in a sufficient prediction of lead times is continuouslyincreasing - especially in engineer to order environments with typically a large number of individual parts andcomplex production processes. A multitude of approaches have been proposed in the literature for predictinglead times considering different data and methods or algorithms from operations research (OR) and machinelearning (ML). In order to provide guidance at setting up prediction models and developing new approaches,a systematic review of the available approaches for predicting lead times is presented in this paper. Forty-twopublications were analyzed and synthetized: Based on a developed framework considering the used dataclass (e.g. product data or system status), the data origin (master data or real data) and the used methodand algorithm from OR and ML, the publications are classified. Based on the classification, a descriptiveanalysis is performed to identify common approaches in the existing literature as well as implications forfurther research. One result is, that mostly order data and the status of the production system are used forpredicting lead times whereas material data are used seldom. Additionally, ML approaches primarily useartificial neural networks and regression models for predicting lead times, while OR approaches use mainlycombinatorial optimization or heuristics. Furthermore, with increasing model complexity the use of realdata decreased. Thus, we identified as an implication for further research to set up a complex data modelconsidering material data, which uses real data as data origin.
QCD Reggeon Calculus From KLWMIJ/JIMWLK Evolution: Vertices, Reggeization and All
Creators: name: Altinoluk, T.
name: Contreras, C.
name: Kovner, A.
name: Levin, E.
name: Lublinsky, M.
name: Shulkin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show explicitly how the high energy QCD evolution generated by the KLWMIJ Hamiltonian can be cast in the form of the QCD Reggeon Field Theory. We show how to reduce the KLWMIJ Hamitonian to physical color singlet degrees of freedom. We suggest a natural way of defining the Pomeron and other Reggeons in the framework of the KLWMIJ evolution and derive the QCD Reggeon Field Theory Hamiltonian which includes several lowest Reggeon operators. This Hamiltonian generates evolution equations for all Reggeons in the case of dilute-dense scattering, including the nonlinear Balitsky-Kovchegov equation for the Pomeron. We also find explicit expressions for the Reggeon conjugate operators in terms of QCD operators, and derive their evolution equations. This provides a natural and unambiguous framework for reggeization procedure introduced in \cite{BW, BE}. The Bartels triple Pomeron vertex is inherited directly from the RFT Hamiltonian. For simplicity in the bulk of the paper we work in the large $N_c$ limit.
description: 44 pages; few typos corrected; a few comments and a couple of refs added
The Use of Assisted Reproductive Technology by European Childhood Cancer Survivors
Creators: name: Borgmann-Staudt, Anja
name: Michael, Simon
name: Sommerhaeuser, Greta
name: Fernández-González, Marta-Julia
name: Friedrich, Lucía Alacán
name: Klco-Brosius, Stephanie
name: Kepak, Tomas
name: Kruseova, Jarmila
name: Michel, Gisela
name: Panasiuk, Anna
name: Schmidt, Sandrin
name: Lotz, Laura
name: Balcerek, Magdalena
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: childhood and adolescence
subject: cancer
subject: survivor
subject: ART
subject: offspring
subject: health outcome
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: CCS often wish to have biological children yet harbour concerns about fertility impairment, pregnancy risks and the general health risks of prospective offspring. To clarify these concerns, health outcomes in survivor offspring born following ART (n = 74, 4.5%) or after spontaneous conception (n = 1585) were assessed in our European offspring study by descriptive and bivariate analysis. Outcomes were compared to a sibling offspring cohort (n = 387) in a 4:1 matched-pair analysis (n = 1681). (i) Survivors were more likely to employ ART than their siblings (4.5% vs. 3.7%, p = 0.501). Successful pregnancies were achieved after a median of one cycle with, most commonly, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) using non-cryopreserved oocytes/sperm. (ii) Multiple-sibling births (p < 0.001, 29.7% vs. 2.5%), low birth weight (p < 0.001; OR = 3.035, 95%-CI = 1.615-5.706), and preterm birth (p < 0.001; OR = 2.499, 95%-CI = 1.401-4.459) occurred significantly more often in survivor offspring following ART utilisation than in spontaneously conceived children. ART did not increase the prevalence of childhood cancer, congenital malformations or heart defects. (iii) These outcomes had similar prevalences in the sibling population. In our explorative study, we could not detect an influence on health outcomes when known confounders, such as multiple births, were taken into account.
Observational study to characterize treatment-resistant depression in Germany, France and the United Kingdom: analysis of real-world data collected through a survey of healthcare professionals
Creators: name: Orsini, Lucinda S.
name: O’Connor, Shane J.
name: Mohwinckel, Marco T.
name: Marwood, Lindsey
name: Pahwa, Ankit S.
name: Bryder, Matti N.
name: Dong, Xinzhe
name: Levine, Steven P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study describes treatment patterns, productivity, healthcare resource utilization and previous episodes of depression for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). In this cross-sectional study, a quantitative survey was administered to 225 healthcare providers (HCPs) distributed evenly across Germany, France and the UK from July to August 2021. Each HCP was asked to answer based on medical records of five patients with TRD, defined as patients failing to respond to two or more treatments of adequate dose and duration in the same episode of major depressive disorder (MDD), which provided a sample size of 1125 patients. Of the 1125 patients with TRD, 73.2% had two or more previous episodes of MDD, 46.3% had a history of suicidal ideation and 24.8% had attempted suicide. Only 26.8% of patients were employed either full-time or part-time. During the most recent/current TRD episode, 45.5% of patients received five or more lines of treatment, and 46.0% remained on monotherapy. For multiple pharmacological treatments, too many distinct combinations were used to discern trends. Overall, 60.6% of patients had at least one mental health-related hospitalization in the last 12 months; 35.0% had two or more hospitalizations. Half of TRD patients saw a doctor five or more times per year for their depression. This study addresses the knowledge gap about treatment patterns and healthcare utilization in real-world practice for TRD patients in three European countries. It provides data that potentially could inform treatment guideline development and optimize patient-perceived benefits from the treatment of TRD.
Conformation-dependent ligand hot spots in the spliceosomal RNA helicase BRR2
Creators: name: Vester, Karen
name: Metz, A.
name: Huber, S.
name: Loll, Bernhard
name: Wahl, Markus C.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: binding modes
subject: conformation
subject: drug discovery
subject: fragment screening
subject: ligand hot spots
subject: RNA helicase BRR2
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: The conversion of hits to leads in drug discovery involves the elaboration of chemical core structures to increase their potency. In fragment-based drug discovery, low-molecular-weight compounds are tested for protein binding and are subsequently modified, with the tacit assumption that the binding mode of the original hit will be conserved among the derivatives. However, deviations from binding mode conservation are rather frequently observed, but potential causes of these alterations remain incompletely understood. Here, two crystal forms of the spliceosomal RNA helicase BRR2 were employed as a test case to explore the consequences of conformational changes in the target protein on the binding behaviour of fragment derivatives. The initial fragment, sulfaguanidine, bound at the interface between the two helicase cassettes of BRR2 in one crystal form. Second-generation compounds devised by structure-guided docking were probed for their binding to BRR2 in a second crystal form, in which the original fragment-binding site was altered due to a conformational change. While some of the second-generation compounds retained binding to parts of the original site, others changed to different binding pockets of the protein. A structural bioinformatics analysis revealed that the fragment-binding sites correspond to predicted binding hot spots, which strongly depend on the protein conformation. This case study offers an example of extensive binding-mode changes during hit derivatization, which are likely to occur as a consequence of multiple binding hot spots, some of which are sensitive to the flexibility of the protein.
Clinical efficacy and safety of topical difamilast in the treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Lu, Li-Chin
name: Chao, Chien-Ming
name: Chang, Shen-Peng
name: Lan, Shao-Huan
name: Lai, Chih-Cheng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of topical difamilast in mild-to-moderate atopic dermatitis (AD). Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared topical difamilast with vehicle treatment for patients with AD were included. PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid Medline, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov and JapicCTI were searched to 10 April 2022. Five studies enrolling a total of 1009 patients with mild-to-moderate AD were identified. Compared with the topical vehicle, topical difamilast was associated with a significantly higher success rate according to the Investigator’s Global Assessment score at week 4 (relative risk, 2.82; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.11–3.77). Compared with the vehicle, difamilast was associated with a significant decrease in day 28 eczema area and severity index scores (mean difference [MD], −4.10; 95% CI: −5.32 to −2.87), verbal rating scale scores (MD, −0.51; 95% CI: −0.71 to −0.32), visual analog scale scores (MD, −12.15; 95% CI: −19.70 to −4.61), patient-oriented eczema measure values (MD, −3.99; 95% CI: −4.91 to −3.07), and total affected body surface area (MD, −6.48; 95% CI: −8.09 to −4.87). No difference in treatment-related adverse events was identified. This meta-analysis suggests that topical difamilast is an effective and safe treatment for mild-to-moderate AD.
Kenneth Gaburo, Charles Griffes (#27)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Music

description: Guests: No guests. Works: Life Studies (Gaburo); Lemon Drops (Gaburo); Antiphony IV (Gaburo); Fat Millie's Lament (Gaburo); Piano Sonata (Griffes).
Statistik der Rechtspflege des Kantons Zürich 1881
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Bleuler-Hausheer & Cie.
Year: 1882
Subjects: subject: 314 Allgemeine Statistiken zu Europa
subject: 340 Recht
subject: Kanton Zürich
subject: Amtliche Statistik
subject: Rechtspflege

description: Rückwirkend nummeriert als Heft 22 der Stat. Mitteilungen betr. den Kanton Zürich.
title: The response of nonlinearly loaded antennas to repetitive HPEM excitations as obtained from equivalent circuit models
title: Die Reaktion nichtlinear geladener Antennen auf sich wiederholende HPEM-Anregungen, wie sie aus Ersatzschaltbildmodellen erhalten werden
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Gronwald, Frank
name: Palanivelu, Devanand Palur
name: Michels, Robert
name: Kreitlow, Matthias
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Siegen
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: Antenna
subject: HPEM
subject: Antenne
subject: Elektromagnet

description: In this contribution the effects of repetitive pulse excitations on linearly and nonlinearly loaded antennas are studied on the basis of equivalent circuit models. In the known linear case, repetitive pulses can lead to an increase of the amplitudes of oscillations. These oscillations decay, if realistic quality factors are assumed, comparatively quickly. In the considered nonlinear case the effects of repetitive pulses can add up and persist along much larger time scales. This remarkable effect has no equivalent in the linear case.
Statistik der Rechtspflege des Kantons Zürich 1884
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Bleuler-Hausheer & Cie.
Year: 1885
Subjects: subject: 314 Allgemeine Statistiken zu Europa
subject: 340 Recht
subject: Kanton Zürich
subject: Amtliche Statistik
subject: Rechtspflege

description: Rückwirkend nummeriert als Heft 28 der Stat. Mitteilungen betr. den Kanton Zürich.
General theory for interactions in sufficient cause models with dichotomous exposures
Creators: name: VanderWeele, Tyler J.
name: Richardson, Thomas S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The sufficient-component cause framework assumes the existence of sets of sufficient causes that bring about an event. For a binary outcome and an arbitrary number of binary causes any set of potential outcomes can be replicated by positing a set of sufficient causes; typically this representation is not unique. A sufficient cause interaction is said to be present if within all representations there exists a sufficient cause in which two or more particular causes are all present. A singular interaction is said to be present if for some subset of individuals there is a unique minimal sufficient cause. Empirical and counterfactual conditions are given for sufficient cause interactions and singular interactions between an arbitrary number of causes. Conditions are given for cases in which none, some or all of a given set of causes affect the outcome monotonically. The relations between these results, interactions in linear statistical models and Pearl's probability of causation are discussed.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AOS1019 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Cannabinoids and drug metabolizing enzymes: potential for drug-drug interactions and implications for drug safety and efficacy
Creators: name: Bardhi, Keti
name: Coates, Shelby
name: Watson, Christy J.W.
name: Lazarus, Philip
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Cannabis is an increasingly popular recreational and medicinal drug in the USA. While cannabis is still a Schedule 1 drug federally, many states have lifted the ban on its use. With its increased usage, there is an increased possibility for potential drug-drug interactions (DDI) that may occur with concomitant use of cannabis and pharmaceuticals. This review focuses on the current knowledge of cannabis induced DDI, with a focus on pharmacokinetic DDI arising from enzyme inhibition or induction. Phase I and phase II drug metabolizing enzymes, specifically cytochrome P450s, carboxylesterases, and uridine-5’-diphosphoglucuronosyltransferases, have historically been the focus of research in this field, with much of the current knowledge of the potential for cannabis to induce DDI within these families of enzymes coming from in vitro enzyme inhibition studies. Together with a limited number of in vivo clinical studies and in silico investigations, current research suggests that cannabis exhibits the potential to induce DDI under certain circumstances. Based upon the current literature, there is a strong potential for cannabis-induced DDI among major drug-metabolizing enzymes.
bayest: an R-package for effect-size targeted Bayesian two-sample t-tests
Creators: name: Kelter, Riko
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Siegen
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: Two-sample t-test
subject: Effect size
subject: Treatment effect between two groups
subject: Markov-Chain-Monte-Carlo
subject: Bayesian statistics
subject: t-Test
subject: A-priori-Verteilung
subject: Markov-Kette
subject: Monte-Carlo-Simulation
subject: R

description: Typical situations in research include the comparison of two groups regarding a metric variable, in which case usually the two-sample t-test is applied. While common frequentist two-sample t-tests focus on the difference of means of both groups via a p-value, the quantity of interest in applied research most often is the effect size. Existing Bayesian alternatives of the two-sample t-test replace frequentist significance thresholds like the p-value with the Bayes factor, taking the same testing stance. The R package bayest implements a Markov-Chain-Monte-Carlo algorithm to conduct a Bayesian two-sample t-test which estimates the effect size between two groups, while also providing detailed visualization and analysis of all parameters of interest. Because of its focus on the ease of use and interpretability, clinicians and other users can run this t-test within a few lines of code and find out if differences between two groups are scientifically meaningful, instead of significant.
Observational study to characterize treatment-resistant depression in Germany, France and the United Kingdom: analysis of real-world data collected through a survey of healthcare professionals
Creators: name: Orsini, Lucinda S.
name: O'Connor, Shane J.
name: Mohwinckel, Marco T.
name: Marwood, Lindsey
name: Pahwa, Ankit S.
name: Bryder, Matti N.
name: Dong, Xinzhe
name: Levine, Steven P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objective: This study describes treatment patterns, productivity, healthcare resource utilisation and previous episodes of depression for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a quantitative survey was administered to 225 healthcare providers (HCPs) distributed evenly across Germany, France and the United Kingdom (UK) from July to August 2021. Each HCP was asked to answer based on medical records of five patients with TRD, defined as patients failing to respond to two or more treatments of adequate dose and duration in the same episode of major depressive disorder (MDD), which provided a sample size of 1,125 patients. Results: Of the 1,125 patients with TRD, 73.2% had two or more previous episodes of MDD, 46.3% had a history of suicidal ideation, and 24.8% had attempted suicide. Only 26.8% of patients were employed either full-time or part-time. During the most recent/current TRD episode, 45.5% of patients received five or more lines of treatment, and 46.0% remained on monotherapy. For multiple pharmacological treatments, too many distinct combinations were used to discern trends. Overall, 60.6% of patients had at least one mental health-related hospitalisation in the last 12 months; 35.0% had two or more hospitalisations. Half of TRD patients saw a doctor five or more times per year for their depression. Conclusions: This study addresses the knowledge gap about treatment patterns and healthcare utilisation in real-world practice for TRD patients in three European countries. It provides data that potentially could inform treatment guideline development and optimise patient-perceived benefits from the treatment of TRD.
Odd skipped-related 1 controls the pro-regenerative response of fibro-adipogenic progenitors
Creators: name: Kotsaris, Georgios
name: Qazi, Taimoor H.
name: Bucher, Christian H.
name: Zahid, Hafsa
name: Pöhle-Kronawitter, Sophie
name: Ugorets, Vladimir
name: Jarassier, William
name: Vallecillo-García, Pedro
name: Knaus, Petra
name: Stricker, Sigmar
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesenchymal stem cells
subject: Muscle stem cells
subject: Regeneration
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Skeletal muscle regeneration requires the coordinated interplay of diverse tissue-resident- and infiltrating cells. Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are an interstitial cell population that provides a beneficial microenvironment for muscle stem cells (MuSCs) during muscle regeneration. Here we show that the transcription factor Osr1 is essential for FAPs to communicate with MuSCs and infiltrating macrophages, thus coordinating muscle regeneration. Conditional inactivation of Osr1 impaired muscle regeneration with reduced myofiber growth and formation of excessive fibrotic tissue with reduced stiffness. Osr1-deficient FAPs acquired a fibrogenic identity with altered matrix secretion and cytokine expression resulting in impaired MuSC viability, expansion and differentiation. Immune cell profiling suggested a novel role for Osr1-FAPs in macrophage polarization. In vitro analysis suggested that increased TGFβ signaling and altered matrix deposition by Osr1-deficient FAPs actively suppressed regenerative myogenesis. In conclusion, we show that Osr1 is central to FAP function orchestrating key regenerative events such as inflammation, matrix secretion and myogenesis.
Statistik der Rechtspflege des Kantons Zürich 1882
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Bleuler-Hausheer & Cie.
Year: 1883
Subjects: subject: 314 Allgemeine Statistiken zu Europa
subject: 340 Recht
subject: Kanton Zürich
subject: Amtliche Statistik
subject: Rechtspflege

description: Rückwirkend nummeriert als Heft 24 der Stat. Mitteilungen betr. den Kanton Zürich.
The medical profession transformed by artificial intelligence: Qualitative study
Creators: name: Mosch, Lina
name: Fürstenau, Daniel
name: Brandt, Jenny
name: Wagnitz, Jasper
name: Klopfenstein, Sophie AI
name: Poncette, Akira-Sebastian
name: Balzer, Felix
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial intelligence
subject: qualitative studies
subject: digital health
subject: eHealth
subject: internet
subject: technology
subject: personalized medicine
subject: health professions
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Healthcaare delivery will change through the increasing use of artificial intelligence (AI). Physicians are likely to be among the professions most affected, though to what extent is not yet clear. Objective: We analyzed physicians' and AI experts' stances towards AI-induced changes. This concerned (1) physicians' tasks, (2) job replacement risk, and (3) implications for the ways of working, including human-AI interaction, changes in job profiles, and hierarchical and cross-professional collaboration patterns. Methods: We adopted an exploratory, qualitative research approach, using semi-structured interviews with 24 experts in the fields of AI and medicine, medical informatics, digital medicine, and medical education and training. Thematic analysis of the interview transcripts was performed. Results: Specialized tasks currently performed by physicians in all areas of medicine would likely be taken over by AI, including bureaucratic tasks, clinical decision support, and research. However, the concern that physicians will be replaced by an AI system is unfounded, according to experts; AI systems today would be designed only for a specific use case and could not replace the human factor in the patient-physician relationship. Nevertheless, the job profile and professional role of physicians would be transformed as a result of new forms of human-AI collaboration and shifts to higher-value activities. AI could spur novel, more interprofessional teams in medical practice and research and, eventually, democratization and de-hierarchization. Conclusions: The study highlights changes in job profiles of physicians and outlines demands for new categories of medical professionals considering AI-induced changes of work. Physicians should redefine their self-image and assume more responsibility in the age of AI-supported medicine. There is a need for the development of scenarios and concepts for future job profiles in the health professions as well as their education and training.
The model of randomly distributed polydisperse overlapping spheres
Creators: name: Borman, V. D.
name: Belogorlov, A. A.
name: Byrkin, V. A.
name: Tronin, V. N.
name: Troyan, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model of randomly distributed overlapping spheres of different radii is represented to describe a heterogeneous porous medium. Two-particle correlation function of the relative position of pores of different radii in the medium space was calculated and detailed analysis was carried out. The model allows to characterize the disordered porous medium with the number of nearest neighbors, the area of all mouths that connect pore with the neighboring pores. These paramaters depend on the pore size and porosity and --- in addition to the specific surface area, porosity, and percolation threshold and the distribution function of pore size.
Retraining automatic action tendencies for smoking using mobile phone-based approach-avoidance bias training: a study protocol for a randomized controlled study
Creators: name: Machulska, Alla
name: Kleinke, Kristian
name: Eiler, Tanja Joan
name: Grünewald, Armin
name: Brück, Rainer
name: Jahn, Katharina
name: Niehaves, Bjoern
name: Gethmann, Carl Friedrich
name: Klucken, Tim
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Siegen
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 150 Psychologie
subject: Approach bias
subject: Cognitive bias modification
subject: Nicotine addiction
subject: Randomized controlled trial
subject: Smartphone apps
subject: Kontrollierte klinische Studie
subject: Verhaltensmodifikation
subject: Smartphone
subject: Zigarettenrauchen
subject: Raucherentwöhnung

description: Background Automatic tendencies to approach drug-related cues have been linked to the development and maintainance of harmful drug-taking behavior. Recent studies have demonstrated that these automatic approach tendencies can be targeted directly by means of cognitive bias modification (CBM). Moreover, changing those approach tendencies may enhance treatment outcomes. However, training and therapy effects tend to be rather small and adherence to the training might be impaired by time-consuming multiple laboratory training sessions. Here, we present a protocol for a randomized controlled design to improve CBM training efficiency and facilitate access to the training by providing mobile-phone-based training sessions at home to current smokers motivated to quit smoking. Methods Participants (n = 100) are current smokers who smoke at least six cigarettes per day for at least 6 months and are willing to quit smoking. All participants attend a brief behavioral smoking cessation intervention (TAU) and are randomly assigned either to an experimental (TAU + training) or a control group. Participants in the experimental condition are given access to a training application (app) aimed at retraining automatic approach biases for smoking cues. Participants are instructed to perform the app training outside the laboratory context on a daily basis for 14 consecutive days. Participants in the control group do not receive the training. Primary outcome measures are changes in smoking-related approach biases and reductions in daily nicotine consumption as assessed at baseline, post-training and at 6-week follow up. Secondary outcome measures include approach biases for alternative stimuli or smoking stimuli to which participants were not exposed during training, attentional and association biases, biochemical outcomes, and self-reported smoking behavior, also measured at three different time points (baseline, post-training, and follow up). After completion of the study, smokers in the control condition will receive access to the training app. Discussion This randomized controlled trial is the first to test the effectiveness of an app-based CBM intervention as an adjunct to a brief smoking cessation intervention in smokers motivated to quit smoking. The results of this study can inform future research in the optimization and advancement of CBM treatment for addiction.
Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Progress Test Performance in German-Speaking Countries
Creators: name: Sehy, Victoria
name: Roselló Atanet, Iván
name: Sieg, Miriam
name: Struzena, Jana
name: März, Maren
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: COVID-19 Pandemic
subject: Progress Test Performance
subject: Berlin Progress Test (PT)
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background. The COVID-19 pandemic has been the source of many challenges for medical students worldwide. The authors examined short-term effects on the knowledge gain of medical students in German-speaking countries. Methods. The development of the knowledge gain of medical students during the pandemic was measured by comparing the outcomes of shared questions within Berlin Progress Test (PT) pairs. The PT is a formative test of 200 multiple choice questions at the graduate level, which provides feedback to students on knowledge and knowledge gain during their course of study. It is provided to about 11,000 students in Germany and Austria around the beginning of each semester. We analyzed three successive test pairs: PT36-PT41 (both conducted before the pandemic), PT37-PT42 (PT37 took place before the pandemic; PT42 was conducted from April 2020 onwards), and PT38-PT43 (PT38 was administered before the pandemic; PT43 started in November 2020). The authors used mixed-effect regression models and compared the absolute variations in the percentage of correct answers per subject. Results. The most recent test of each PT pair showed a higher mean score compared to the previous test in the same pair (PT36-PT41 : 2.53 (95% CI: 1.31-3.75), PT37-PT42 : 3.72 (2.57-4.88), and PT38-PT43 : 5.66 (4.63-6.69)). Analogously, an increase in the share of correct answers was observed for most medical disciplines, with Epidemiology showing the most remarkable upsurge. Conclusions. Overall, PT performance improved during the pandemic, which we take as an indication that the sudden shift to online learning did not have a negative effect on the knowledge gain of students. We consider that these results may be helpful in advancing innovative approaches to medical education.
Risk of stroke/systemic embolism, major bleeding, and associated costs in non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients who initiated apixaban, dabigatran, or rivaroxaban compared with warfarin in the United States medicare population: updated analysis
Creators: name: Amin, Alpesh
name: Keshishian, Allison
name: Hines, Dionne M.
name: Dina, Oluwaseyi
name: Le, Hannah
name: Rosenblatt, Lisa
name: Liu, Xianchen
name: Zhang, Qisu
name: Vo, Lien
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: To provide an updated comparison of the risk and cost of stroke/systemic embolism (SE) and major bleeding between direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC: apixaban, rivaroxaban, dabigatran) and warfarin among non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients. Adults (≥65 years) initiating warfarin or DOACs between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2014 were selected from the Medicare database and propensity scores matched 1:1 to balance baseline characteristics. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the risks of stroke/SE and major bleeding of each DOAC vs. warfarin. Two-part models were used to compare the stroke/SE- and major bleeding-related medical costs in each matched cohort. Of the 264,479 eligible patients, 38,740 apixaban-warfarin pairs, 76,677 rivaroxaban-warfarin pairs, and 20,955 dabigatran-warfarin pairs were matched. Apixaban (Hazard Ratio [HR] = 0.46; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.38–0.56) and rivaroxaban (HR = 0.71; 95% CI 0.63–0.80) were associated with a significantly lower risk of stroke/SE compared to warfarin. Apixaban (HR = 0.57; 95% CI 0.51–0.63) and dabigatran (HR = 0.80; 95% CI 0.70–0.90) were associated with a significantly lower risk of major bleeding; rivaroxaban (HR = 1.14; 95% CI 1.07–1.21) was associated with a significantly higher risk of major bleeding compared to warfarin. Compared to warfarin, apixaban and rivaroxaban had significantly lower stroke/SE-related medical costs; and apixaban and dabigatran had significantly lower major bleeding-related medical costs. This real-world analysis showed DOACs to be associated with a lower risk of stroke/SE and major bleeding, and lower medical costs compared to warfarin. Among them, only apixaban appears to be associated with a significantly lower risk of all three outcomes collectively: stroke/SE, major bleeding, and lower related medical costs compared to warfarin.
The radiative decays $B_c^{*\pm} \to B_c^{\pm} γ$ with QCD sum rules
Creators: name: Wang, Zhi-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we calculate the $B_c^* \to B_c$ electromagnetic form-factor with the three-point QCD sum rules, then study the radiative decays $ B_c^{*\pm} \to B_c^{\pm} γ$. Experimentally, we can study the radiative transitions using the decay cascades $B_c^{*\pm}\to B_c^{\pm} γ\to J/ψ\ell^{\pm}\barν_{\ell} γ\to μ^+ μ^- \ell^{\pm}\barν_{\ell} γ$ in the future at the LHCb.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1307.2422
Embolization of uterine artery pseudoaneurysm during pregnancy: case report and review of the literature
Creators: name: Metz, Charlotte K.
name: Hinkson, Larry
name: Gebauer, Bernhard
name: Henrich, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: embolization
subject: pregnancy
subject: uterine artery pseudoaneurysm
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objectives: Uterine artery pseudoaneurysm (UAP) is a rare but sinister complication during pregnancy. Diagnosis can be made by color Doppler ultrasound. Previous abdominal- and obstetric surgery increase the risk for UAP formation. Case presentation: We present a case of a 36 year young healthy women, presenting at 27 weeks of gestation with acute lower abdominal pain. UAP was detected by color Doppler ultrasound. An endovascular coil embolization was performed, with good maternal and fetal outcome. Furthermore, a review of the literature looking at UAP embolization in pregnancy was performed. Conclusions: UAP is reported to appear as a complication of endometriosis. UAP should be treated by endovascular coil embolization, which is a safe and with almost 100% success rate an effective treatment during pregnancy.