Measurement of the average shape of longitudinal profiles of cosmic-ray air showers at the Pierre Auger Observatory
Creators: name: The Pierre Auger Collaboration
name: Aab, A.
name: Abreu, P.
name: Aglietta, M.
name: Albuquerque, I. F. M.
name: Albury, J. M.
name: Allekotte, I.
name: Almela, A.
name: Castillo, J. Alvarez
name: ez-Muñiz, J. Alvar
name: Anastasi, G. A.
name: Anchordoqui, L.
name: Andrada, B.
name: Andringa, S.
name: Aramo, C.
name: Asorey, H.
name: Assis, P.
name: Avila, G.
name: Badescu, A. M.
name: Bakalova, A.
name: Balaceanu, A.
name: Barbato, F.
name: Luz, R. J. Barreira
name: Baur, S.
name: Becker, K. H.
name: Bellido, J. A.
name: Berat, C.
name: Bertaina, M. E.
name: Bertou, X.
name: Biermann, P. L.
name: Biteau, J.
name: Blaess, S. G.
name: Blanco, A.
name: Blazek, J.
name: Bleve, C.
name: Boháčová, M.
name: Boncioli, D.
name: Bonifazi, C.
name: Borodai, N.
name: Botti, A. M.
name: Brack, J.
name: Bretz, T.
name: Bridgeman, A.
name: Briechle, F. L.
name: Buchholz, P.
name: Bueno, A.
name: Buitink, S.
name: Buscemi, M.
name: Caballero-Mora, K. S.
name: Caccianiga, L.
name: Calcagni, L.
name: Cancio, A.
name: Canfora, F.
name: Carceller, J. M.
name: Caruso, R.
name: Castellina, A.
name: talani, F. Ca
name: Cataldi, G.
name: Cazon, L.
name: Chinellato, J. A.
name: Chudoba, J.
name: Chytka, L.
name: Clay, R. W.
name: Cerutti, A. C. Cobos
name: Colalillo, R.
name: Coleman, A.
name: Coluccia, M. R.
name: ição, R. Conce
name: Condorelli, A.
name: Consolati, G.
name: Contreras, F.
name: Cooper, M. J.
name: Coutu, S.
name: Covault, C. E.
name: Daniel, B.
name: Dasso, S.
name: Daumiller, K.
name: Dawson, B. R.
name: Day, J. A.
name: Almeida, R. M. d e
name: de Jong, S. J.
name: De Mauro, G.
name: Neto, J. R. T. de Mello
name: De Mitri, I.
name: de Oliveira, J.
name: Salles, F. O. de Oliveira
name: de Souza, V.
name: Debatin, J.
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name: Dhital, N.
name: Castro, M. L. Díaz
name: Diogo, F.
name: Dobrigkeit, C.
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name: Dorosti, Q.
name: Anjos, R. C. dos
name: Dova, M. T.
name: Dundovic, A.
name: Ebr, J.
name: Engel, R.
name: Erdmann, M.
name: Escobar, C. O.
name: Etchegoyen, A.
name: Falcke, H.
name: Farmer, J.
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name: Fauth, A. C.
name: Fazzini, N.
name: Feldbusch, F.
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name: Ferreyro, L. P.
name: Figueira, J. M.
name: č, A. Filipči
name: Freire, M. M.
name: Fujii, T.
name: Fuster, A.
name: García, B.
name: Gemmeke, H.
name: Gherghel-Lascu, A.
name: Ghia, P. L.
name: Giaccari, U.
name: Giammarchi, M.
name: Giller, M.
name: Głas, D.
name: Glombitza, J.
name: Golup, G.
name: Berisso, M. Gómez
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name: Gottowik, M.
name: Grubb, T. D.
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name: Halliday, R.
name: Hampel, M. R.
name: Hansen, P.
name: Harari, D.
name: Harrison, T. A.
name: Harvey, V. M.
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name: Heck, D.
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name: Hill, G. C.
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name: lt, E. M. Ho
name: Homola, P.
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name: Kemp, J.
name: Klages, H. O.
name: Kleifges, M.
name: Kleinfeller, J.
name: Krause, R.
name: Kuempel, D.
name: Mezek, G. Kukec
name: Awad, A. K uotb
name: Lago, B. L.
name: LaHurd, D.
name: Lang, R. G.
name: Legumina, R.
name: de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui
name: Lenok, V.
name: Letessier-Selvon, A.
name: Lhenry-Yvon, I.
name: Lippmann, O. C.
name: Presti, D. Lo
name: Lopes, L.
name: López, R.
name: Casado, A. López
name: Lorek, R.
name: Luce, Q.
name: Lucero, A.
name: Malacari, M.
name: Mancarella, G.
name: Mandat, D.
name: Manning, B. C.
name: Mantsch, P.
name: zzi, A. G. Maria
name: Mariş, I. C.
name: Marsella, G.
name: Martello, D.
name: Martinez, H.
name: Bravo, O. Martínez
name: Mastrodicasa, M.
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name: Mazur, P. O.
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name: Middendorf, L.
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name: Mollerach, S.
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name: Morello, C.
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name: Mostafá, M.
name: Müller, A. L.
name: Muller, M. A.
name: Müller, S.
name: Mussa, R.
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name: Nguyen, P. H.
name: glinzanu, M. Niculescu-O
name: Niechciol, M.
name: Nitz, D.
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name: Novotny, V.
name: Nožka, L.
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name: Pallotta, J.
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name: Parente, G.
name: Parra, A.
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name: Pedreira, F.
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name: Pelayo, R.
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name: Pimenta, M.
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name: Puyleart, A.
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name: Quinn, S.
name: Ramos-Pollan, R.
name: Rautenberg, J.
name: Ravignani, D.
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name: Ridky, J.
name: Riehn, F.
name: Risse, M.
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name: Rizi, V.
name: alho, W. Rodrigues de Carv
name: Rojo, J. Rodriguez
name: Roncoroni, M. J.
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name: Rovero, A. C.
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name: Supanitsky, A. D.
name: Šupík, J.
name: ki, Z. Szadkows
name: Taboada, A.
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name: Tapia, A.
name: Timmermans, C.
name: Peixoto, C. J. Todero
name: Tomé, B.
name: Elipe, G. Torralba
name: Travnicek, P.
name: Trini, M.
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name: Unger, M.
name: Urban, M.
name: Galicia, J. F. Valdés
name: Valiño, I.
name: Valore, L.
name: van Bodegom, P.
name: Berg, A. M. van den
name: van Vliet, A.
name: Varela, E.
name: Cárdenas, B. Vargas
name: zquez, R. A. Vá
name: Veberič, D.
name: Ventura, C.
name: Quispe, I. D. Vergara
name: Verzi, V.
name: Vicha, J.
name: Villaseñor, L.
name: Vink, J.
name: Vorobiov, S.
name: Wahlberg, H.
name: Watson, A. A.
name: Weber, M.
name: indl, A. We
name: Wiedeński, M.
name: Wiencke, L.
name: Wilczyński, H.
name: Winchen, T.
name: Wirtz, M.
name: Wittkowski, D.
name: Wundheiler, B.
name: Yang, L.
name: Yushkov, A.
name: Zas, E.
name: Zavrtanik, D.
name: anik, M. Zavrt
name: Zehrer, L.
name: Zepeda, A.
name: Zimmermann, B.
name: Ziolkowski, M.
name: Zong, Z.
name: Zuccarello, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The profile of the longitudinal development of showers produced by ultra-high energy cosmic rays carries information related to the interaction properties of the primary particles with atmospheric nuclei. In this work, we present the first measurement of the average shower profile in traversed atmospheric depth at the Pierre Auger Observatory. The shapes of profiles are well reproduced by the Gaisser-Hillas parametrization within the range studied, for E &gt; 10^{17.8} eV. A detailed analysis of the systematic uncertainties is performed using 10 years of data and a full detector simulation. The average shape is quantified using two variables related to the width and asymmetry of the profile, and the results are compared with predictions of hadronic interaction models for different primary particles.
description: Published version, 20 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables