cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Muon g-2 estimates : Can one trust Effective Lagrangians and global fits ?
Creators: name: Benayoun, M.
name: David, P.
name: DelBuono, L.
name: Jegerlehner, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous studies have shown that the Hidden Local Symmetry (HLS) Model, supplied with appropriate symmetry breaking mechanisms, provides an Effective Lagrangian (BHLS) which encompasses a large number of processes within a unified framework; a global fit procedure allows for a simultaneous description of the e+ e- annihilation into the 6 final states $π^+ π^-$, $π^0 γ$, $ηγ$, $π^+ π^- π^0$, $K^+ K^-$, $K_l K_s$ and includes the dipion spectrum in the τ decay and some more light meson decay partial widths. The contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment $a_{th}$ of these annihilation channels over the range of validity of the HLS model (up to 1.05 GeV) is found much improved compared to its partner derived from integrating the measured spectra directly. However, most spectra for the process $e^+ e^- \to π^+ π^-$ undergo overall scale uncertainties which dominate the other sources, and one may suspect some bias in the dipion contribution to $a_{th}$. However, an iterated fit algorithm, shown to lead to unbiased results by a Monte Carlo study, is defined and applied succesfully to the $e^+ e^- \to π^+ π^-$ data samples from CMD2, SND, KLOE, BaBar and BESSIII. The iterated fit solution is shown to be further improved and leads to a value for $a_μ$ different from $a_{exp}$ above the 4 $σ$ level. The contribution of the $π^+ π^-$ intermediate state up to 1.05 GeV to $a_{th}$ derived from the iterated fit benefits from an uncertainty about 3 times smaller than the corresponding usual estimate. Therefore, global fit techniques are shown to work and lead to improved unbiased results.
description: version enlarged to include the recent BESS dipion spectrum within the global analysis. version accepted for publication in EPJC
title: Trilateral interaction between innervation, leukocyte, and adventitia: a new driver of atherosclerotic plaque formation
Creators: name: Sohrabi, Yahya
name: Reinecke, Holger
name: Söhnlein, Oliver
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley 2019-2022.
Are community health workers effective in retaining women in the maternity care continuum? Evidence from India
Creators: name: Agarwal, Smisha
name: Angeles, Gustavo
name: Singh, Kavita
name: Curtis, Sian L.
name: Thomas, James
name: Speizer, Ilene S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Objectives Despite the recognised importance of adopting
a continuum of care perspective in addressing the care of
mothers and newborns, evidence on specific interventions
to enhance engagement of women along the maternity
care continuum has been limited. We use the example of
the Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) programme in
India, to understand the role of community health workers
in retaining women in the maternity care continuum.
Methods Using the Indian Human Development Survey
data from 2011 to 2012, we assess the association
between individual and cluster-level exposure to ASHA and
four key components along the continuum of care—at
least one antenatal care (ANC) visit, four or more ANC
visits, presence of a skilled birth attendance (SBA) at the
time of birth and postnatal care for the mother or child
within 48 hours of birth, for 13 705 women with a live
birth since 2005. To understand which of these services
experience maximum dropout along the continuum, we
use a linear probability model to calculate the weighted
percentages of using each service. We assess the
association between exposure to ASHA and number of
services utilised using a multinomial logistic regression
model adjusted for a range of confounding variables and
survey weights.
Results Our study indicates that exposure to the ASHA
is associated with an increased probability of women
receiving at least one ANC and SBA. In terms of numbers
of services, exposure to ASHA accounts for a 12% (95%
CI: 9.1 to 15.1) increase in women receiving at least
some of the services, and an 8.8% (95% CI: −10.2 to
−7.4) decrease in women receiving no services. However,
exposure to ASHA does not increase the likelihood of
women utilising all the services along the continuum.
Conclusions While ASHA is effective in supporting women
to initiate and continue care along the continuum, it does
not significantly affect
A MUSTA-FORCE algorithm for solving partial differential equations of relativistic hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Porter-Sobieraj, J.
name: Słodkowski, M.
name: Kikoła, D.
name: Sikorski, J.
name: Aszklar, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding event-by-event correlations and fluctuations is crucial for the comprehension of the dynamics of heavy ion collisions. Relativistic hydrodynamics is an elegant tool for modeling these phenomena; however, such simulations are time-consuming, and conventional CPU calculations are not suitable for event-by-event calculations. This work presents a feasibility study of a new hydrodynamic code that employs graphics processing units together with a general MUSTA-FORCE algorithm (Multi-Stage Riemann Algorithm - First Order Centered scheme) to deliver a high-performance yet universal tool for event-by-event hydrodynamic simulations. We also investigate the performance of selected slope limiters that reduce the amount of numeric oscillations and diffusion in the presence of strong discontinuities and shock waves. The numerical results are compared to the exact solutions to assess the code's accuracy.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, preprint draft to International Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and Numerical Simulation
Table S5. Best-fit models. from Mitochondrial effects on fertility and longevity in Tigriopus californicus contradict predictions of the mother's curse hypothesis
Creators: name: Watson, Eric T.
name: Flanagan, Ben A.
name: Pascar, Jane A.
name: Edmands, Suzanne
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: We performed linear mixed-effects modeling of sex-specific fertility and longevity. Each row represents a separate model, with columns representing modeled fixed effects. We used type III ANOVA to analyze the amount of variance contributing to each trait by the model terms. Cells are marked with a dash when a variable is not included in the model. Values in bold indicate terms with p-values less than α = 0.05. Abbreviations: Temp. = Temperature
1.7 μm - 1.8 μm tunable high-power Tm-doped fiber laser CPA system for bioimaging application
Creators: name: Liu, Xinyang
name: Cárdenas-Rodríguez, John-Brandon
name: Castro-Olvera, Gustavo
name: Valdés, Claudia
name: Loza-Alvarez, Pablo
name: Gumenyuk, Regina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Demonstration of a1.7 μm - 1.8 μm tunable Tm-doped all-fiber CPA system. I507 fs pulse at 1720 nm with 126 mW, 6 nJ and 294 fs pusle at 1800 nm with 264 mW, 12.7 nJ were obtained.
Supermassive Black Holes with High Accretion Rates in Active Galactic Nuclei. IV. H$β$ Time Lags and Implications for Super-Eddington Accretion
Creators: name: Du, Pu
name: Hu, Chen
name: Lu, Kai-Xing
name: Huang, Ying-Ke
name: Cheng, Cheng
name: Qiu, Jie
name: Li, Yan-Rong
name: Zhang, Yang-Wei
name: Fan, Xu-Liang
name: Bai, Jin-Ming
name: Bian, Wei-Hao
name: Yuan, Ye-Fei
name: Kaspi, Shai
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Netzer, Hagai
name: Wang, Jian-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have completed two years of photometric and spectroscopic monitoring of a large number of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) with very high accretion rates. In this paper, we report on the result of the second phase of the campaign, during 2013--2014, and the measurements of five new H$β$ time lags out of eight monitored AGNs. All five objects were identified as super-Eddington accreting massive black holes (SEAMBHs). The highest measured accretion rates for the objects in this campaign are $\dot{\mathscr{M}}\gtrsim 200$, where $\dot{\mathscr{M}}= \dot{M}_{\bullet}/L_{\rm Edd}c^{-2}$, $\dot{M}_{\bullet}$ is the mass accretion rates, $L_{\rm Edd}$ is the Eddington luminosity and $c$ is the speed of light. We find that the H$β$ time lags in SEAMBHs are significantly shorter than those measured in sub-Eddington AGNs, and the deviations increase with increasing accretion rates. Thus, the relationship between broad-line region size ($R_{_{\rm Hβ}}$) and optical luminosity at 5100Å, $R_{_{\rm Hβ}}-L_{5100}$, requires accretion rate as an additional parameter. We propose that much of the effect may be due to the strong anisotropy of the emitted slim-disk radiation. Scaling $R_{_{\rm Hβ}}$ by the gravitational radius of the black hole, we define a new radius-mass parameter ($Y$) and show that it saturates at a critical accretion rate of $\dot{\mathscr{M}}_c=6\sim 30$, indicating a transition from thin to slim accretion disk and a saturated luminosity of the slim disks. The parameter $Y$ is a very useful probe for understanding the various types of accretion onto massive black holes. We briefly comment on implications to the general population of super-Eddington AGNs in the universe and applications to cosmology.
description: 53 pages, 12 figures, 7 tables, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Organizational network strengthening effects on antiretroviral therapy initiation and adherence
Creators: name: Whetten, Kathryn
name: Lich, Kristen Hassmiller
name: Zimmer, Catherine
name: Reynolds, Heidi W.
name: Thomas, James C.
name: Fried, Bruce J.
name: Morrissey, Joseph
name: Agala, Chris Bernard
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: The WHO recommends antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation immediately after HIV diagnosis. When HIV services are fragmented and poorly coordinated, initiation of ART can be delayed. MEASURE Evaluation conducted an organizational network intervention in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, which increased referral network density and client satisfaction in the intervention versus control networks. The objective of our study was to extend the parent study by assessing effects of network density on the speed of ART initiation and adherence to ART. Measures of client-time since HIV diagnosis, use of ART, satisfaction with HIV-related services, and adherence were obtained from cross-sectional interviews with female service recipients with HIV/AIDS at baseline (T1, 402) and at 18-month follow-up (T2, 524) and compared between network sites. We used weighted least squares estimation with probit regression techniques in a structural equation modeling framework for analyses. On average at follow-up, clients in the intervention network were more likely to have quicker ART initiation, and were initiated on ART 15 days faster than clients in the control network. Moreover, quicker ART initiation was associated with higher adherence. A unit increase in speed of ART initiation was associated with 0.5 points increase in latent adherence score in the intervention group (ρ < .05). Satisfaction with care positively predicted adherence to ART. Network density had no direct effect on ART adherence. This quasi-experiment demonstrated that increased referral network density, through improved HIV client referrals, can enhance speed of ART initiation, resulting in improved adherence. © Society of Behavioral Medicine 2018.
Gluconobacter oxydans H24 Genome sequencing
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2012
Subjects: genome sequencing
Monoisolate

description: The elucidation of the genome sequence might provide a basis for both evolutionary analysis and improvement of the biotechnological usage of the bacterium. Gluconobacter oxydans H24 is used in the industrial production of vitamin C, which is responsible for the bioconversion reaction of D-sorbitol to L-sorbose.
Interactions among poverty, gender, and health systems affect women's participation in services to prevent HIV transmission from mother to child: A causal loop analysis
Creators: name: Munthali, Alister C.
name: Katahoire, Anne Ruhweza
name: Flax, Valerie
name: Thomas, James C.
name: Okello, Elialilia S.
name: Kadzandira, John
name: Lich, Kristen Hassmiller
name: Yourkavitch, Jennifer
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Retention in care remains an important issue for prevention of mother-to-child transmission
(PMTCT) programs according to WHO guidelines, formerly called the ªOption B+º
approach. The objective of this study was to examine how poverty, gender, and health system
factors interact to influence women's participation in PMTCT services. We used qualitative
research, literature, and hypothesized variable connections to diagram causes and
effects in causal loop models. We found that many factors, including antiretroviral therapy
(ART) use, service design and quality, stigma, disclosure, spouse/partner influence, decision-
making autonomy, and knowledge about PMTCT, influence psychosocial health, which
in turn affects women's participation in PMTCT services. Thus, interventions to improve psychosocial
health need to address many factors to be successful. We also found that the
design of PMTCT services, a modifiable factor, is important because it affects several other
factors. We identified 66 feedback loops that may contribute to policy resistanceÐthat is, a
policy's failure to have its intended effect. Our findings point to the need for a multipronged
intervention to encourage women's continued participation in PMTCT services and for longitudinal
research to quantify and test our causal loop model.
Table S6. Survivorship analysis post hoc significance tests. from Mitochondrial effects on fertility and longevity in Tigriopus californicus contradict predictions of the mother's curse hypothesis
Creators: name: Watson, Eric T.
name: Flanagan, Ben A.
name: Pascar, Jane A.
name: Edmands, Suzanne
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: We performed parametric survivorship regression, using the Gompertz model to identify the impacts of temperature, nDNA, mtDNA, sex, and two-way interactions on frailty (lnα) and rate of senescence (β). We used Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance to estimate the significance of parameter estimates. Values in bold indicate terms with p-values less than α= 0.05. Cells are marked with a dash when a variable is not included in the model. Abbreviations: Temp. = Temperature
Instability-induced formation and non-equilibrium dynamics of phase defects in polariton condensates
Creators: name: Liew, T. C. H.
name: Egorov, O. A.
name: Matuszewski, M.
name: Kyriienko, O.
name: Ma, X.
name: Ostrovskaya, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study, theoretically and numerically, the onset and development of modulational instability in an incoherently pumped spatially homogeneous polariton condensate. Within the framework of mean-field theory, we identify regimes of modulational instability in two cases: 1) Strong feedback between the condensate and reservoir, which may occur in scalar condensates, and 2) Parametric scattering in the presence of polarization splitting in spinor condensates. In both cases we investigate the instability induced textures in space and time including non-equilibrium dynamics of phase dislocations and vortices. In particular we discuss the mechanism of vortex destabilization and formation of spiraling waves. We also identify the presence of topological defects, which take the form of half-vortex pairs in the spinor case, giving an "eyelet" structure in intensity and dipole type structure in the spin polarization. In the modulationally stable parameter domains, we observe formation of the phase defects in the process of condensate formation from an initially spatially incoherent low-density state. In analogy to the Kibble-Zurek type scaling for nonequilibrium phase transitions, we find that the defect density scales with the pumping rate.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, revised manuscript sent to Phys. Rev. B
Lipotes vexillifer Genome sequencing
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2013
Subjects: Genome sequencing and assembly
Monoisolate

description: The baiji or Yangtze River dolphin (Lipotes vexillifer), one of five river dolphins distributed in four genera (Inia, Pontoporia, Lipotes and Platanista), is endemic to the Yangtze River of China.
Cicer arietinum Genome sequencing
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2012
Subjects: Genome sequencing and assembly
Monoisolate

description: The whole genome shotgun (wgs) draft of the chickpea genome is based on genotype CDC Frontier, a Canadian kabuli chickpea variety. The availability of these genome sequences is important for crop improvement of chickpea, and should help to advance genomic research of chickpea and other legume crops.
Document S1 from Mitochondrial effects on fertility and longevity in Tigriopus californicus contradict predictions of the mother's curse hypothesis
Creators: name: Watson, Eric T.
name: Flanagan, Ben A.
name: Pascar, Jane A.
name: Edmands, Suzanne
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Supplementary Information
Mass-Editing Memory with Attention in Transformers: A cross-lingual exploration of knowledge
Creators: name: Tamayo, Daniel
name: Gonzalez-Agirre, Aitor
name: Hernando, Javier
name: Villegas, Marta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent research has explored methods for updating and modifying factual knowledge in large language models, often focusing on specific multi-layer perceptron blocks. This study expands on this work by examining the effectiveness of existing knowledge editing methods across languages and delving into the role of attention mechanisms in this process. Drawing from the insights gained, we propose Mass-Editing Memory with Attention in Transformers (MEMAT), a method that achieves significant improvements in all metrics while requiring minimal parameter modifications. MEMAT delivers a remarkable 10% increase in magnitude metrics, benefits languages not included in the training data and also demonstrates a high degree of portability. Our code and data are at https://github.com/dtamayo-nlp/MEMAT.
Are there traps in quantum control landscapes?
Creators: name: Pechen, Alexander N.
name: Tannor, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There has been great interest in recent years in quantum control landscapes. Given an objective $J$ that depends on a control field $\varepsilon$ the dynamical landscape is defined by the properties of the Hessian $δ^2 J/δ\varepsilon^2$ at the critical points $δJ/δ\varepsilon=0$. We show that contrary to recent claims in the literature the dynamical control landscape can exhibit trapping behavior due to the existence of special critical points and illustrate this finding with an example of a 3-level $Λ$-system. This observation can have profound implications for both theoretical and experimental quantum control studies.
Table S3. Coevolutionary status models from Mitochondrial effects on fertility and longevity in Tigriopus californicus contradict predictions of the mother's curse hypothesis
Creators: name: Watson, Eric T.
name: Flanagan, Ben A.
name: Pascar, Jane A.
name: Edmands, Suzanne
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: We performed linear mixed-effects modeling of each trait, comparing a single mtDNA haplotype with both nuclear line controls. The mtDNA column indicates individuals possessing that mtDNA haplotype with both nuclear backgrounds. Each row represents a separate model, with columns representing results from type III ANOVA. All models included the random terms (1 | Family:Clutch) and (1 | nDNA) except for BR and SD mtDNA haplotypes, which do not include the nDNA random term. Cells are marked with a dash when a variable is not included in the model. Shaded cells indicate p-values less than the bonferroni-corrected alpha (95% confidence, p = 0.0167), and bold numbers indicate uncorrected p-values less than 0.05, but greater than the bonferroni-corrected cutoff.
Timing and predictors of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis among unvaccinated infants in low- and middle-income countries
Creators: name: Gruber, J. F.
name: Thomas, J. C.
name: Becker-Dreps, S.
name: Hudgens, M. G.
name: Funk, M. Jonsson
name: Brookhart, M. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Delays in rotavirus vaccine schedule could improve performance in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, delaying the first dose could be detrimental if infants experience severe rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) early in life. Our objective was to describe the timing and predictors of severe RVGE in unvaccinated children in LMICs. We analysed the placebo arms from two clinical trials (cohort 1: NCT00241644; cohort 2: NCT00362648). We estimated the rate, cumulative incidence (per 1000 infants) and age distribution of severe RVGE episodes. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between baseline factors and severe RVGE. Cumulative incidence at 6 months of age was 23/1000 (95% CI 15-30) in cohort 1 and 6/1000 (95% CI 3-8) in cohort 2. Early antibiotic use (compared with no use) was associated with 2.03 (95% CI 1.18-3.48) and 1.41 (95% CI 0.80-2.51) times the rate of severe RVGE in cohorts 1 and 2, respectively. The cumulative incidence of severe RVGE was low at 6 months of age, suggesting that a 4-week delay in the vaccination schedule may not result in a large number of severe RVGE episodes prior to vaccine receipt. Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2018.
The Synthetic-Oversampling Method: Using Photometric Colors to Discover Extremely Metal-Poor Stars
Creators: name: Miller, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars ([Fe/H] < -3.0 dex) provide a unique window into understanding the first generation of stars and early chemical enrichment of the Universe. EMP stars are exceptionally rare, however, and the relatively small number of confirmed discoveries limits our ability to exploit these near-field probes of the first ~500 Myr after the Big Bang. Here, a new method to photometrically estimate [Fe/H] from only broadband photometric colors is presented. I show that the method, which utilizes machine-learning algorithms and a training set of ~170,000 stars with spectroscopically measured [Fe/H], produces a typical scatter of ~0.29 dex. This performance is similar to what is achievable via low-resolution spectroscopy, and outperforms other photometric techniques, while also being more general. I further show that a slight alteration to the model, wherein synthetic EMP stars are added to the training set, yields the robust identification of EMP candidates. In particular, this synthetic-oversampling method recovers ~20% of the EMP stars in the training set, at a precision of ~0.05. Furthermore, ~65% of the false positives from the model are very metal-poor stars ([Fe/H] < -2.0 dex). The synthetic-oversampling method is biased towards the discovery of warm (~F-type) stars, a consequence of the targeting bias from the SDSS/SEGUE survey. This EMP selection method represents a significant improvement over alternative broadband optical selection techniques. The models are applied to >12 million stars, with an expected yield of ~600 new EMP stars, which promises to open new avenues for exploring the early universe.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, to be submitted to ApJ
Characterization of Reflection Positivity: Majoranas and Spins
Creators: name: Jaffe, Arthur
name: Janssens, Bas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81-XX, 82-XX

description: We study linear functionals on a Clifford algebra (algebra of Ma- joranas) equipped with a reflection automorphism. For Hamiltonians that are functions of Majoranas or of spins, we find necessary and sufficient conditions on the coupling constants for reflection positivity to hold. One can easily check these conditions in concrete models. We illustrate this by discussing a number of spin systems with nearest-neighbor and long-range interactions.
description: 32 pages, 2 figures
Figure S2. Mortality and development rate prior to sexual maturity. from Mitochondrial effects on fertility and longevity in Tigriopus californicus contradict predictions of the mother's curse hypothesis
Creators: name: Watson, Eric T.
name: Flanagan, Ben A.
name: Pascar, Jane A.
name: Edmands, Suzanne
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: A) Experimental measurements prior to sexual maturity. For each individual, we recorded hatching day, copepodid transition day, sexual maturity day, and death day. From these measurements, we were also able to calculate the duration of the immature stages. Lower values are at 25°C, higher values at 15°C. B) Mortality in immature stages was high, ranging from 14.6% to 90.6% depending on cross and temperature. Naupliar stages had the highest mortality rate, ranging from 4.2% to 84.4%, compared to 1.5% to 27.9% at the copepodid stages. C) Anecdotal evidence across our fertility, longevity, and early mortality experiments suggests that mortality may occur even before hatching (hybrid inviability). In some cases, clutches only partially hatched (I), while in others entire clutches were inviable (II). We also noticed that some clutches were apparently incompletely fertilized, as indicated by the presence of undeveloped green eggs (III). D) Results from type III ANOVA analysis. All models indicate significant influence of temperature and mitonuclear interactions. Naupliar development rate taken as the duration between egg and copepodid transition, while copepodid development rate was taken as the duration between copepodid transition and sexual maturity. Total development rate describes the duration between egg and sexual maturity.
Healthcare use in the year preceding a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer: a register-based cohort study in Denmark
Creators: name: Rasmussen, Linda A.
name: Virgilsen, Line F.
name: Fristrup, Claus W.
name: Vedsted, Peter
name: Jensen, Henry
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: To describe the use of healthcare prior to a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer in Denmark. A population-based cohort study using prospectively recorded data from Danish National Health Registries. Danish general practice and hospitals. A total of 5926 patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer in 2012–2018 and 59,260 matched references without pancreatic cancer from the Danish general population. The monthly frequency of healthcare use (contacts and tests in general practice and contacts and diagnostic investigations in hospitals) during the 12 months preceding the pancreatic cancer diagnosis and a corresponding index date assigned to the references. Compared to the references, the patients had increased contacts and diagnostic tests, especially blood glucose testing, in general practice from 7 to 12 months before diagnosis. Hospital contacts and diagnostic imaging increased from 5 months before the diagnosis. The pattern of increasing healthcare contacts before a diagnosis of pancreatic cancer may represent a window of opportunity to diagnose pancreatic cancer earlier. The increased use of blood glucose test in general practice may represent an important sign of an underlying disease. Key pointsPancreatic cancer is a rapidly progressing and highly lethal disease. Focus on early diagnosis is essential to improve the prognosis.Patients with pancreatic cancer had increased number of healthcare contacts from 7 months before the diagnosis.Patients with pancreatic cancer had increased number of blood glucose tests taken throughout almost the entire year before the diagnosis.The results may indicate that a window of opportunity exists to diagnose pancreatic cancer earlier. Pancreatic cancer is a rapidly progressing and highly lethal disease. Focus on early diagnosis is essential to improve the prognosis. Patients with pancreatic cancer had increased number of healthcare contacts from 7 months before the diagnosis. Patients with pancreatic cancer had increased number of blood glucose tests taken throughout almost the entire year before the diagnosis. The results may indicate that a window of opportunity exists to diagnose pancreatic cancer earlier.
Timing of Rotavirus Vaccine Doses and Severe Rotavirus Gastroenteritis Among Vaccinated Infants in Low- and Middle-income Countries
Creators: name: Brookhart, M. Alan
name: Funk, Michele Jonsson
name: Gruber, Joann F.
name: Hudgens, Michael G.
name: Becker-Drups, Sylvia
name: Thomas, James C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Background: Altering rotavirus vaccine schedules may improve vaccine performance in low- and middle-income countries. We analyzed data from clinical trials of the monovalent (RV1) and pentavalent (RV5) rotavirus vaccines in low- and middle-income countries to understand the association between vaccine dose timing and severe rotavirus gastroenteritis incidence. Methods: We assessed the association between variations in rotavirus vaccine administration schedules and severe rotavirus gastroenteritis risk. We used the complement of the Kaplan-Meier survival estimator to estimate risk differences for different schedules. To adjust risk differences (RDs) for confounding, we calibrated estimates in the vaccinated arm using estimates from the placebo arm. Results: There were 3,114 and 7,341 children included from the RV1 and RV5 trials, respectively. The 18-month adjusted severe rotavirus gastroenteritis risk was 4.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1, 7.1) higher for those receiving their first RV5 dose at <6 versus ≥6 weeks. For RV1, there was a 4.0% (95% CI = 0.0, 8.2) increase in 12-month adjusted risk for a 4- versus 6-week interval between doses. Further analysis revealed those receiving their first RV5 dose at 3-4 and 5-7 weeks had 2.9% (95% CI = 0.8, 5.3) and 1.3% (95% CI = −0.3, 3.0), respectively, higher risk compared with those at 9-12 weeks. Those receiving their first dose at 8 weeks had the lowest risk (RD: −2.6% [95% CI = −5.4, −0.1]) compared with those at 9-12 weeks. Conclusions: A modest delay in rotavirus vaccination start and increase in interval between doses may be associated with lower severe rotavirus gastroenteritis risk in low- and middle-income countries.
The Charnwood Terrane revisited: an integrated petrogenetic and petrophysical model for crustal structure in south Britain
Creators: name: Pharaoh, T. C.
name: Beamish, D.
name: Williams, J. D. O.
name: Carney, J. N.
name: Wilby, P. R. W.
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary Materials 1 and 2.
Neutrino Flavour Evolution Through Fluctuating Matter
Creators: name: Yang, Yue
name: Kneller, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A neutrino propagating through fluctuating matter can experience large amplitude transitions between its states. Such transitions occur in supernovae and compact object mergers due to turbulent matter profiles and neutrino self-interactions. In this paper we study, both numerically and analytically, three-flavour neutrino transformation through fluctuating matter built from two and three Fourier modes. We find flavor transformation effects which cannot occur with just two flavours. For the case of two Fourier modes we observe the equivalent of "induced transparency" from quantum optics whereby transitions between a given pair of states are suppressed due to the presence of a resonant mode between another pair. When we add a third Fourier mode we find a new effect whereby the third mode can manipulate the transition probabilities of the two mode case so as to force complete transparency or, alternatively, restore "opacity" meaning the perturbative Hamiltonian regains its ability to induce neutrino flavour transitions. In both applications we find analytic solutions are able to match the amplitude and wavenumber of the numerical results to within a few percent. We then consider a case of turbulence and show how the theory can be used to understand the very different response of a neutrino to what appears to be two, almost identical, instances of turbulence.
Lattice field computations via recursive numerical integration
Creators: name: Hartung, Tobias
name: Jansen, Karl
name: Kuo, Frances Y.
name: Leövey, Hernan
name: Nuyens, Dirk
name: Sloan, Ian H.
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: lattice field theory
lattice
Fourier transformation
quantum mechanics
U(1)

description: We investigate the application of efficient recursive numerical integration strategies to models in lattice gauge theory from quantum field theory. Given the coupling structure of the physics problems and the group structure within lattice cubature rules for numerical integration, we show how to approach these problems efficiently by means of Fast Fourier Transform techniques. In particular, we consider applications to the quantum mechanical rotor and compact $U(1)$ lattice gauge theory, where the physical dimensions are two and three. This proceedings article reviews our results presented in J. Comput. Phys 443 (2021) 110527.
Evaluations of Structural Interventions for HIV Prevention: A Review of Approaches and Methods
Creators: name: Lebov, Jill
name: Mandal, Mahua
name: Hart, Lauren
name: Thomas, Jim
name: Iskarpatyoti, Brittany S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Structural interventions alter the social, economic, legal, political, and built environments that underlie processes affecting population health. We conducted a systematic review of evaluations of structural interventions for HIV prevention in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) to better understand methodological and other challenges and identify effective evaluation strategies. We included 27 peer-reviewed articles on interventions related to economic empowerment, education, and substance abuse in LMICs. Twenty-one evaluations included clearly articulated theories of change (TOCs); 14 of these assessed the TOC by measuring intermediary variables in the causal pathway between the intervention and HIV outcomes. Although structural interventions address complex interactions, no evaluation included methods designed to evaluate complex systems. To strengthen evaluations of structural interventions, we recommend clearly articulating a TOC and measuring intermediate variables between the predictor and outcome. We additionally recommend adapting study designs and analytic methods outside traditional epidemiology to better capture complex results, influences external to the intervention, and unintended consequences.
Migrant GPs and patients: a cross-sectional study of practice characteristics, patient experiences and migration concordance
Creators: name: Groenewegen, Peter P.
name: Spreeuwenberg, Peter
name: Siriwardena, A. Niroshan
name: Sirdifield, Coral
name: Willems, Sara
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: To investigate practice type and location of native and immigrant general practitioners (GPs); effects of migration status concordance between GPs and patients on experiences of patients in key areas of primary care quality and discrimination. Secondary analysis of GP and patient survey data from QUALICOPC (Quality and Costs of Primary Care), a cross-sectional study of GPs and their patients in 34 countries, performed between 2011 and 2013. We explored practice type and location of native and immigrant GPs and the experiences of native patients and patients with a migration background of communication, continuity, comprehensiveness, accessibility, and discrimination, using multilevel analysis. Concordance was modelled as a cross-level interaction between migration status of GPs and patients. Percentages of immigrant GPs varied widely. In Europe, this was highest in England and Luxemburg (40% of GPs born abroad) and lowest in Bulgaria and Romania (1%). The practice population of immigrant GPs more often included an above average proportion of people from ethnic minorities. There were no differences in main effects of patient experiences following a visit to an immigrant or native GP, in four core areas of primary care or in discrimination. However, people from first-generation migrant background more often experienced discrimination, in particular when visiting a native GP. Patient experiences did not vary with GPs’ migration status. Although experience of discrimination was uncommon, first-generation migrant patients experienced more discrimination. Primary care should provide non-discriminatory care, through GP awareness of unconscious bias and training to address this. Key messagesThere were large differences in percentage of migrant GPs between countries.Migrant GPs’ practices had an above average proportion of people from ethnic minorities.In general, patients’ experienced discrimination from GPs and practice staff was low, but first-generation migrant patients more often experienced discrimination.First-generation migrant patients more often experienced discrimination when they visited a native GP. There were large differences in percentage of migrant GPs between countries. Migrant GPs’ practices had an above average proportion of people from ethnic minorities. In general, patients’ experienced discrimination from GPs and practice staff was low, but first-generation migrant patients more often experienced discrimination. First-generation migrant patients more often experienced discrimination when they visited a native GP.
Elliptic Genera and Characteristic $q$-Series of Superconformal Field Theory
Creators: name: Bonora, L.
name: Bytsenko, A. A.
name: Chaichian, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the characteristic series, the $KO$ series and the series associated with the Witten genus, and their analytic forms as the $q$-analogs of classical special functions (in particular $q$-analog of the beta integral and the gamma function). $q$-series admit an analytic interpretation in terms of the spectral Ruelle functions, and their relations to appropriate elliptic modular forms can be described. We show that there is a deep correspondence between the characteristic series of the Witten genus and $KO$ characteristic series, on one side, and the denominator identities and characters of $N=2$ superconformal algebras, and the affine Lie (super)algebras on the other. We represent the characteristic series in the form of double series using the Hecke-Rogers modular identity.
description: 15 pages
Contextual factors affecting health information system strengthening
Creators: name: Thomas, James C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: At the turn of the century, several major efforts were initiated to
combat HIV/AIDS and other major epidemics affecting low- and
middle-income countries (LMICs). They were accompanied by
initiatives to enable recipient countries to collect and use data to
guide their public health programmes. These health information
systems (HIS) typify systems in that they have multiple interacting
components, and they are embedded within larger systems.
Components of a larger system act as the context for all lowerlevel
systems. Their effects can be pervasive, and thus be taken
for granted or regarded as unchangeable. We identify four
contextual factors that affect efforts to strengthen HIS: hierarchical
roles, aid funding, corruption, and competing priorities. We
provide examples of each as experienced by those working to
strengthen HIS in LMICs. Each of these contextual factors can
seriously diminish the effectiveness of HIS strengthening efforts
and their long-term sustainability. We propose research questions
about each that would enable those engaged in HIS
strengthening to work effectively and sustainably.
Bayes-Optimal Joint Channel-and-Data Estimation for Massive MIMO with Low-Precision ADCs
Creators: name: Wen, Chao-Kai
name: Wang, Chang-Jen
name: Jin, Shi
name: Wong, Kai-Kit
name: Ting, Pangan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper considers a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) receiver with very low-precision analog-to-digital convertors (ADCs) with the goal of developing massive MIMO antenna systems that require minimal cost and power. Previous studies demonstrated that the training duration should be {\em relatively long} to obtain acceptable channel state information. To address this requirement, we adopt a joint channel-and-data (JCD) estimation method based on Bayes-optimal inference. This method yields minimal mean square errors with respect to the channels and payload data. We develop a Bayes-optimal JCD estimator using a recent technique based on approximate message passing. We then present an analytical framework to study the theoretical performance of the estimator in the large-system limit. Simulation results confirm our analytical results, which allow the efficient evaluation of the performance of quantized massive MIMO systems and provide insights into effective system design.
description: accepted in IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Table S2. Sex-effects models. from Mitochondrial effects on fertility and longevity in Tigriopus californicus contradict predictions of the mother's curse hypothesis
Creators: name: Watson, Eric T.
name: Flanagan, Ben A.
name: Pascar, Jane A.
name: Edmands, Suzanne
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: We performed linear mixed-effects modeling of relative fertility and longevity. Each row represents a separate model, with columns representing modeled fixed effects. We used type III ANOVA to analyze the amount of variance contributing to corrected each trait by the model terms. Cells are marked with a dash when a variable is not included in the model. Values in bold indicate terms with p-values less than α = 0.05.
Bacillus subtilis Genome sequencing
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2012
Subjects: genome sequencing
Monoisolate

description: A novel strain that could form highly viscous broth in medium containing L-glutamic acid and NH4Cl was isolated from strains preserved in lab and named LX-8. LX-8 was identified to be γ-PGA producing strain by analyzing its product using Ultraviolet scanning spectrum, FTIR, NMR and Amino acid component assay.
Minimum time generation of SU(2) transformations with asymmetric bounds on the controls
Creators: name: Romano, Raffaele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how to generate in minimum time special unitary transformations for a two-level quantum system under the assumptions that: (i) the system is subject to a constant drift, (ii) its dynamics can be affected by three independent, bounded controls, (iii) the bounds on the controls are asymmetric, that is, the constraint on the control in the direction of the drift is independent of that on the controls in the orthogonal plane. Using techniques recently developed for the analysis of SU(2) transformations, we fully characterize the reachable sets of the system, and the optimal control strategies for any possible target transformation.
description: Latex, 6 pages, 2 figures, accepted by PRA. Comments are welcome
A multi-resolution approximation for massive spatial datasets
Creators: name: Katzfuss, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automated sensing instruments on satellites and aircraft have enabled the collection of massive amounts of high-resolution observations of spatial fields over large spatial regions. If these datasets can be efficiently exploited, they can provide new insights on a wide variety of issues. However, traditional spatial-statistical techniques such as kriging are not computationally feasible for big datasets. We propose a multi-resolution approximation (M-RA) of Gaussian processes observed at irregular locations in space. The M-RA process is specified as a linear combination of basis functions at multiple levels of spatial resolution, which can capture spatial structure from very fine to very large scales. The basis functions are automatically chosen to approximate a given covariance function, which can be nonstationary. All computations involving the M-RA, including parameter inference and prediction, are highly scalable for massive datasets. Crucially, the inference algorithms can also be parallelized to take full advantage of large distributed-memory computing environments. In comparisons using simulated data and a large satellite dataset, the M-RA outperforms a related state-of-the-art method.
description: 23 pages; to be published in Journal of the American Statistical Association