cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nonlocal memory assisted entanglement distribution in optical fibers
Creators: name: Xiang, Guo-Yong
name: Hou, Zhi-Bo
name: Li, Chuan-Feng
name: Guo, Guang-Can
name: Breuer, Heinz-Peter
name: Laine, Elsi-Mari
name: Piilo, Jyrki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Successful implementation of several quantum information and communication protocols require distributing entangled pairs of quantum bits in reliable manner. While there exists a substantial amount of recent theoretical and experimental activities dealing with non-Markovian quantum dynamics, experimental application and verification of the usefulness of memory-effects for quantum information tasks is still missing. We combine these two aspects and show experimentally that a recently introduced concept of nonlocal memory effects allows to protect and distribute polarization entangled pairs of photons in efficient manner within polarization-maintaining (PM) optical fibers. The introduced scheme is based on correlating the environments, i.e. frequencies of the polarization entangled photons, before their physical distribution. When comparing to the case without nonlocal memory effects, we demonstrate at least 12-fold improvement in the channel, or fiber length, for preserving the highly-entangled initial polarization states of photons against dephasing.
Fathers’ use of leave at the birth of a child: an examination of factors influencing fathers’ leave-taking behaviors
Creators: name: Logue-Conroy, Rebecca
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: As more mothers have entered and remained in the labor force, more families have become dual-income, dual-caregiving families with fathers taking on more caregiving tasks at home. Accompanying these labor force changes are changes to state and workplace policies to provide access to expanded paid parental leave that includes fathers. In this dissertation, I will examine three mechanisms that may influence fathers’ choice to take leave—access to paid leave through the state, access to paid leave through work, and within-family negotiations about care given a mother’s bargaining power. I conducted a secondary data analysis using Waves 3–19 of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, 2019). This study used a cross-sectional sample consisting of children as the unit of analysis. These children had fathers who were employed at birth, were 18 or older, and were living with the child’s mother. The final sample of children consisted of 2,342 children from 1,089 fathers. This study also used a longitudinal sample of fathers whose leave status changed for different births. This sample consisted of 246 fathers with 622 children. Associations for the cross-sectional sample were estimated using logistic regression models, controlling for a rich set of father, child, and mother sociodemographic characteristics. Associations for the longitudinal sample were estimated using logistic regression models with individual fixed effects. Results of the cross-sectional analysis suggest that both access to leave through the state and access to leave through work are associated with increased leave-taking by fathers. Results of the longitudinal analysis suggest that for the same fathers over time, access to leave through work is associated with leave-taking for one child over another. This study examining policy factors that influence fathers’ leave-taking is unique in its inclusion of both state policy and workplace policy. It is also unique in its examination of the same fathers over time. Results of this study will be useful for policymakers when deciding how to design leave policies going forward. In addition, results of this study will be useful for practitioners as they support families in making decisions about leave. As more families continue to move toward egalitarian divisions of labor, fathers’ leave-taking and its effects on families will continue to be important to examine.
Drawing up a project data management plan with DMP OPIDoR. Practical Guide
Creators: name: Sébire, Fanny
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: DMP OPIDoR
Data management plan
Research data

description: The purpose of this document is to guide scientists in the use of DMP OPIDoR for drawing up a project DMP according to the ‘Science Europe: structured model’, a template now adopted by the Institut Pasteur.

Using the DMP OPIDoR tool allows to:- Work with others on the DMP, including with French or foreign partners- Easily update your DMP during the project- Export the DMP in PDF, Word, HTML or JSON format
Pullback Attractors of Non-autonomous Stochastic Degenerate Parabolic Equations on Unbounded Domains
Creators: name: Krause, Andrew
name: Wang, Bixiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B40 (Primary) 35B41, 37L30 (Secondary)

description: This paper is concerned with pullback attractors of the stochastic p-Laplace equation defined on the entire space R^n. We first establish the asymptotic compactness of the equation in L^2(R^n) and then prove the existence and uniqueness of non-autonomous random attractors. This attractor is pathwise periodic if the non-autonomous deterministic forcing is time periodic. The difficulty of non-compactness of Sobolev embeddings on R^n is overcome by the uniform smallness of solutions outside a bounded domain.
Das Theologische der Theologie. Wissenschaftstheoretische Reflexionen – methodische Bestimmungen – disziplinäre Konkretionen, hg. v. Franz Gmainer-Pranzl / Gregor M. Hoff
Creators: name: Böttigheimer, Christoph
Publisher: name: Theologische Revue
Year: 2020

description: Theologische Revue, Bd. 116 (2020): Juli
Goodness of fit tests for random multigraph models
Creators: name: Shafie, Termeh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biochemistry
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Goodness of fit tests for two probabilistic multigraph models are presented. The first model is random stub matching given fixed degrees (RSM) so that edge assignments to vertex pair sites are dependent, and the second is independent edge assignments (IEA) according to a common probability distribution. Tests are performed using goodness of fit measures between the edge multiplicity sequence of an observed multigraph, and the expected one according to a simple or composite hypothesis. Test statistics of Pearson type and of likelihood ratio type are used, and the expected values of the Pearson statistic under the different models are derived. Test performances based on simulations indicate that even for small number of edges, the null distributions of both statistics are well approximated by their asymptotic χ2-distribution. The non-null distributions of the test statistics can be well approximated by proposed adjusted χ2-distributions used for power approximations. The influence of RSM on both test statistics is substantial for small number of edges and implies a shift of their distributions towards smaller values compared to what holds true for the null distributions under IEA. Two applications on social networks are included to illustrate how the tests can guide in the analysis of social structure.
CPD 1 - Embedding Epistemic Insight and Big Questions across a whole school curriculum
Creators: name: Simpson, Sherralyn
name: Gordon, Agnieszka. J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Practical science, Epistemic insight, Hands on science, Observation, Multidisciplinary, Primary science, Primary history.

description: Professional development workshop. Explanation of Epistemic Insight pedagogical approach, tools and resources to help embed Big questions into a school-wide curriculum.
On parameter estimation of the standard omega distribution
Creators: name: Birbiçer, İsmet
name: Genç, Ali İ.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The standard omega distribution is defined on the unit interval so that it is a probabilistic model for observations in rates and percentages. It is, in fact, the unit form of the exponentiated half logistic distribution. In this work, we first give a detailed shape analysis from which we observe that it is another flexible beta-like distribution. We observe that it can be J-shaped, reverse J-shaped, U-shaped, unimodal and show left and right skewness according to the values of its shape parameters. Contrary to the ordinary beta, it has the advantage of having a clear distribution function. We then discuss the existence and uniqueness of the maximum likelihood estimators and the Bayesian estimate of the parameters. The existence and uniqueness of the maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters will give a great advantage to the possible practitioners of this model since the possibility of finding a spurious solution to the likelihood equations disappears then. The comparison of these estimators with the existing ones for the general omega distribution is made with the help of a simulation study. Two real data fitting demonstrations prove its usefulness among other beta-like distributions such as Kumaraswamy, log-Lindley and Topp–Leone.
On the Nature of Superhumps
Creators: name: Smak, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Further evidence is presented supporting the alternative interpretation of superhumps as being due to irradiation modulated periodically variable mass transfer rate. NZ Boo, HT Cas and PU UMa are added to the sample of high inclination dwarf novae showing -- during their superoutbursts -- modulation of the observed brightness of the disk with beat period. Simple model calculations confirm earlier hypothesis that this modulation is due to a non-axisymmetric structure of the outer parts of the disk, involving the azimuthal dependence of their geometrical thickness, rotating with the beat period. The modulation amplitude $A_{mod}$ is found to decrease during superoutbursts. In particular, it is found that during two superoutbursts of OY Car the rate of decline of the superhump amplitude $dA_{SH}/dt$ was correlated with the rate of decline $dA_{mod}/dt$. This leads to a simple explanation for the decreasing amplitudes of superhumps: it is a consequence of the decreasing modulation amplitude.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables; submitted to "Acta Astronomica"
Vectorized OpenCL implementation of numerical integration for higher order finite elements
Creators: name: Krużel, Filip
name: Banaś, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In our work we analyze computational aspects of the problem of numerical integration in finite element calculations and consider an OpenCL implementation of related algorithms for processors with wide vector registers. As a platform for testing the implementation we choose the PowerXCell processor, being an example of the Cell Broadband Engine (CellBE) architecture. Although the processor is considered old for today's standards (its design dates back to year 2001), we investigate its performance due to two features that it shares with recent Xeon Phi family of coprocessors: wide vector units and relatively slow connection of computing cores with main global memory. The performed analysis of parallelization options can also be used for designing numerical integration algorithms for other processors with vector registers, such as contemporary x86 microprocessors.
description: published online in Computers and Mathematics with Applications: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S089812211300521X
Lower Bounds Of Areas Of Convex Covers For Closed Unit Arcs
Creators: name: Sittichoke Som-Am
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Moser's worm problem is the unsolved problem in geometry which asks for the minimal area of a region S on the plane which can cover all curves of unit length, assuming that curves may be rotated and translated to fit inside the region. This thesis studies a version of this problem when region S is convex and unit curves to be covered are closed. For example, region S should be able to cover a circle of length 1, a square of side length 1/4, a line interval of length 1/2, and so on. An example of such cover S is the circle of diameter 1, whose area is about 0:7854, but the problem is to find S with minimal area. Recently, Wichiramala constructed a hexagon with this property and area about 0.11023, and this is the current record. On the other hand, it is known that the area of S cannot be less than 0.096694.In this work, we improve the lower bound for area of convex cover S for closed unit arcs from 0.096694 to 0.0975 and then to 0.1 by finding the smallest areas of convex hulls of three carefully chosen closed unit arcs. We do this by combining geometric arguments with numerical methods such as the box-search algorithm. First, we show that the minimal area of a convex hull of a circle with radius 1/2π , a rectangle with perimeter 1 and the equilateral triangle of side 1/3 is at least 0.0975. Next, we perform a systematic search for triples of closed unit arcs which leads to an even better bound. The result of our search suggests to consider circle with radius 1/2π, the rectangle with sides 0.1727 and 0.3273, and the line of length 1/2 . As the main result of this work, we prove that the minimal area of a convex hull of these three closed unit arcs is at least 0.1. This gives 0.1 as the lower bound for the area of S.
Disorder induced magnetoresistance in a two dimensional electron system
Creators: name: Ping, Jinglei
name: Yudhistira, Indra
name: Ramakrishnan, Navneeth
name: Cho, Sungjae
name: Adam, Shaffique
name: Fuhrer, Michael S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict and demonstrate that a disorder induced carrier density inhomogeneity causes magnetoresistance (MR) in a two-dimensional electron system. Our experiments on graphene show a quadratic MR persisting far from the charge neutrality point. Effective medium calculations show that for charged impurity disorder, the low-field MR is a universal function of the ratio of carrier density to fluctuations in carrier density, a power-law when this ratio is large, in excellent agreement with experiment. The MR is generic and should occur in other materials with large carrier density inhomogeneity.
Colour octet potential to three loops
Creators: name: Anzai, Chihaya
name: Prausa, Mario
name: Smirnov, Alexander V.
name: Smirnov, Vladimir A.
name: Steinhauser, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the interaction between two static sources in the colour octet configuration and compute the potential to three loops. Special emphasis is put on the treatment of pinch contributions and two methods are applied to reduce their evaluation to diagrams without pinches.
description: 16 pages
Galaxies with Supermassive Binary Black Holes: (I) A Possible Model for the Centers of Core Galaxies
Creators: name: Jiang, Ing-Guey
name: Yeh, Li-Chin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of galactic systems with central binary black holes is studied. The model is a modification from the restricted three body problem, in which a galactic potential is added as an external potential. Considering the case with an equal mass binary black holes, the conditions of existence of equilibrium points, including Lagrange Points and additional new equilibrium points, i.e. Jiang-Yeh Points, are investigated. A critical mass is discovered to be fundamentally important. That is, Jiang-Yeh Points exist if and only if the galactic mass is larger than the critical mass. The stability analysis is performed for all equilibrium points. The results that Jiang-Yeh Points are unstable could lead to the core formation in the centers of galaxies.
description: 30 pages, accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science
Christlicher Antisemitismus im 20. Jahrhundert. Der Tübinger Theologe und „Judenforscher“ Gerhard Kittel, hg. v. Manfred Gailus / Clemens Vollnhals
Creators: name: Förster, Hans
Publisher: name: Theologische Revue
Year: 2020

description: Theologische Revue, Bd. 116 (2020): Juli
A Classical Nernst Engine
Creators: name: Stark, Julian
name: Brandner, Kay
name: Saito, Keiji
name: Seifert, Udo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a simple model for an engine based on the Nernst effect. In the presence of a magnetic field, a vertical heat current can drive a horizontal particle current against a chemical potential. For a microscopic model invoking classical particle trajectories subject to the Lorentz force, we prove a universal bound 3-2*sqrt(2) simeq 0.172 for the ratio between maximum efficiency and Carnot efficiency. This bound, as the slightly lower one 1/6 for efficiency at maximum power, can indeed be saturated for large magnetic field and small fugacity irrespective of the aspect ratio.
description: 5+6 pages, 2 figures
Degrees of difference: A case study of Forest School in England and Denmark.
Creators: name: Mackinder, Melanie J.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Closely associated with the established Danish early years practice of Forest Kindergarten, Forest School in England is an alternative approach to young children playing outside. Considering the relationship between the two methods there is limited research that has directly compared the two approaches. Using an exploratory, comparative case study methodology, this project uses interviews, observations, and photo tours to explore pedagogy of Forest Learning, through adult’s interpretations and children's experiences in each context. The use of the environment in each context was also investigated. Data was analysed using an emergent, thematic analysis that allowed for the exploration of common elements while also identifying differences across the two cases. Using a constructivist perspective to explore the pedagogical approaches in each context it was possible to identify that the adults in each case interpreted and enacted pedagogy differently. Practitioners interpreted Forest School using a scaffolding approach, providing activities, toys, and equipment for children, in an outside environment, whereas pedagogues co-constructed Forest Kindergarten with children, through an outdoor environment. However, the children in each case, engaged similarly in child-initiated play, away from adults in favourite places and used natural resources creatively. In addition, the familiar natural features and fixed equipment provided security from which the children developed and initiated their own play.It was found that in each context, the three elements of adult, child, and environment, were interpreted and experienced through a constructivist pedagogy in different ways, to produce an individual interpretation of Forest Learning.
Gärtner, Eva-Maria: Heilig-Land-Pilgerinnen des lateinischen Westens im 4. Jahrhundert. Eine prosopographische Studie zu ihren Biographien, Itinerarien und Motiven
Creators: name: Greschat, Katharina
Publisher: name: Theologische Revue
Year: 2020

description: Theologische Revue, Bd. 116 (2020): Juli
New clues on the nature of the companion to PSR~J1740-5340 in NGC6397 from XSHOOTER spectroscopy
Creators: name: Mucciarelli, A.
name: Salaris, M.
name: Lanzoni, B.
name: Pallanca, C.
name: Dalessandro, E.
name: Ferraro, F. R.
name: -
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using XSHOOTER spectra acquired at the ESO Very Large Telescope, we have studied the surface chemical composition of the companion star to the binary millisecond pulsar PSR J1740-5340 in the globular cluster NGC 6397. The measured abundances of Fe, Mg, Al and Na confirm that the star belongs to the cluster. On the other hand, the measured surface abundance of nitrogen ([N/Fe]=+0.53 +- 0.15 dex) combined with the carbon upper limit ([C/Fe]
description: Accepted for publication by ApJ Letters; 16 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
RISIS DATASET CIB2/CINNOB PROGRESS REPORT (January 2019 – June 2020)
Creators: name: LAURENS, PATRICIA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Patents, inventions, database, firms

description: This report presents the activities and developments of the CIB2/CINNOB database during the period M1-M18. It summarizes the construction steps of the 2nd version of the Corporate Innovation Board (CIB2) and its current content. As an example of the usage of CIB2 data, a worldwide map at a fine grain level of the geography of the corporate inventions of the top worldwide R&D performers is shown. At last, the report presents the next steps aiming at building the CINNOB (Corporate Innovation Board) repository that will provide indicators on corporate R&D and innovation activities at the consolidated firm level for the corporate R&D investors included in CIB2.
Study of Efficient Technique Based On 2D Tsallis Entropy For Image Thresholding
Creators: name: El-Sayed, Mohamed A.
name: Abdel-Khalek, S.
name: Abdel-Aziz, Eman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68U10

description: Thresholding is an important task in image processing. It is a main tool in pattern recognition, image segmentation, edge detection and scene analysis. In this paper, we present a new thresholding technique based on two-dimensional Tsallis entropy. The two-dimensional Tsallis entropy was obtained from the twodimensional histogram which was determined by using the gray value of the pixels and the local average gray value of the pixels, the work it was applied a generalized entropy formalism that represents a recent development in statistical mechanics. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by using examples from the real-world and synthetic images. The performance evaluation of the proposed technique in terms of the quality of the thresholded images are presented. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieve better result than the Shannon method.
Thermodynamic potential for compactified bosonic strings
Creators: name: Shiraishi, Kiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the inclusion of chemical potentials of the Kaluza-Klein charges in the partition function of the bosonic string with a compactified dimension on a circle. The construction of the thermodynamic potential is achieved by the path integral method at one-loop level. Duality symmetry in the dependence on compactification scale is examined. A modular-invariant expression for the thermodynamic potential is also presented.
description: 8 pages, no figure
Using 3D Point Cloud Data and Machine Learning to Assess Skeletal Remains
Creators: name: Lam, Jessica F.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The purpose of this PhD project was to create a new method of sex assessment for crania using 3D point cloud data and machine learning. Through the process of investigating sexual dimorphism, this project has been the first to define the “discrimination factor”, which provides both researchers and practitioners of forensic anthropology a new tool for quantifying sexual dimorphism and comparing morphological traits. This project also created a ground-truth database of 3D point cloud data by using structured light scanning to document 534 crania (263 belonging to females and 271 belonging to males) from four diverse skeletal collections (located in the United Kingdom, Japan, Italy, and South Africa). A program called CraniAlign was created in conjunction with Clotho AI to process the 3D point cloud data in a manner that was transparent, reliable, and allowed for automation. In the first study of its kind, CraniAlign was compared to DAVID 4, which is the industry standard, in order to demonstrate that proprietary algorithms are not ideal for research. Finally, the 3D point cloud data of 316 individuals (134 female, 182 male) were used to train and test artificial neural networks. Three methods were successfully created – one that sought to classify individuals according to sex regardless of the population to which they belonged; one for classifying individuals according to sex and population; and one for classifying individuals into population groups regardless of sex. All three methods yielded training accuracies of 97.1% - 100.0% and evaluation accuracies of 87.5% - 92.5%. This project was therefore the first to apply deep learning to the problems of sex, population, and population-specific sex classification using the entire geometry of the cranium, and has successfully established three methods with unprecedented performances when tested on samples which were not involved in the training of the models.
A Stable Fountain Code Mechanism for Peer-to-Peer Content Distribution
Creators: name: Westphal, Cedric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most peer-to-peer content distribution systems require the peers to privilege the welfare of the overall system over greedily maximizing their own utility. When downloading a file broken up into multiple pieces, peers are often asked to pass on some possible download opportunities of common pieces in order to favor rare pieces. This is to avoid the missing piece syndrome, which throttles the download rate of the peer-to-peer system to that of downloading the file straight from the server. In other situations, peers are asked to stay in the system even though they have collected all the file's pieces and have an incentive to leave right away. We propose a mechanism which allows peers to act greedily and yet stabilizes the peer-to-peer content sharing system. Our mechanism combines a fountain code at the server to generate innovative new pieces, and a prioritization for the server to deliver pieces only to new peers. While by itself, neither the fountain code nor the prioritization of new peers alone stabilizes the system, we demonstrate that their combination does, through both analytical and numerical evaluation.
description: accepted to IEEE INFOCOM 2014, 9 pages
Creative-Expressive Life Writing and Telling (in crisis) Youth Curriculm in English and Arabic
Creators: name: Campbell, Siobhan
name: Jensen, Meg
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Site-based writing
Creative and professional writing not elsewhere classified
Counselling, wellbeing and community services
Youth justice
Community psychology
Human rights and justice issues (excl. law)

description: A co-developed Curriculum in Creative and Expressive Life Writing and Telling for Youth in crisis situations. As part of the AHRC Global Challenges project Expressive Life Writing in Crisis, Lebanon, the authors co-developed a curriculum for young people in response to direct need for a low-cost intervention with proven psycho-social wellbeing improvement markers. Working with Akkar Network NGO Lebanon, with psychology readers from AND and the OU (Dr. Zoe Walkington) and with Farah Sankari of Shift International, this curriculum was subsequently tested and iimplemented by SHiFT International , Tripoli, 2021-22 (see separate report).
 Available in Arabic and in English.
CINECA_Training Programme_D6.2a
Creators: name: Mulder, Nicola
name: Mbiyavanga, Mamana
name: Hiltemann, Saskia
name: Matser, Vera
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Training, webinar, stakeholder engagement,

description: In this deliverable document, we report on the activities in task 6.2a - Training Programme and describe the CINECA training activities in the first 12 months of the project. In the first phase of the CINECA project, many of the training efforts are focused on internal learning opportunities and knowledge exchanges. There are many interdependencies between the different CINECA work packages, so to this end we have set up a staff exchange program. For training interventions targeted at a broader audience, we have set up a webinar series, providing online learning interventions. Feedback from these webinars is collected and is used to further increase the utility of the webinars going forward. We have disseminated a survey to identify the training needs of CINECA’s stakeholder community. Additionally, we ran our first stakeholder engagement session at the International Hundred Thousand Cohorts Consortium (IHCC) Meeting in Reykjavik, Iceland in April 2019. During this session, we gathered feedback on the challenges of managing cohorts and cohort data harmonisation. More extensive face-to-face workshops and training events are being planned for 2020.
A non-pulsating neutron star in the supernova remnant HESS J1731-347 / G353.6-0.7 with a carbon atmosphere
Creators: name: Klochkov, D.
name: Puehlhofer, G.
name: Suleimanov, V.
name: Simon, S.
name: Werner, K.
name: Santangelo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: The CCO candidate in the center of the supernova remnant shell HESS J1731-347 / G353.6-0.7 shows no pulsations and exhibits a blackbody-like X-ray spectrum. If the absence of pulsations is interpreted as evidence for the emitting surface area being the entire neutron star surface, the assumption of the measured flux being due to a blackbody emission translates into a source distance that is inconsistent with current estimates of the remnant's distance. Aims: With the best available observational data, we extended the pulse period search down to a sub-millisecond time scale and used a carbon atmosphere model to describe the X-ray spectrum of the CCO and to estimate geometrical parameters of the neutron star. Methods: To search for pulsations we used data of an observation of the source with XMM-Newton performed in timing mode. For the spectral analysis, we used earlier XMM-Newton observations performed in imaging mode, which permits a more accurate treatment of the background. The carbon atmosphere models used to fit the CCO spectrum are computed assuming hydrostatic and radiative equilibria and take into account pressure ionization and the presence of spectral lines. Results: Our timing analysis did not reveal any pulsations with a pulsed fraction above ~8% down to 0.2 ms. This finding further supports the hypothesis that the emitting surface area is the entire neutron star surface. The carbon atmosphere model provides a good fit to the CCO spectrum and leads to a normalization consistent with the available distance estimates of the remnant. The derived constraints on the mass and radius of the source are consistent with reasonable values of the neutron star mass and radius. After the CCO in Cas A, the CCO in HESS J1731-347 / G353.6-0.7 is the second object of this class for which a carbon atmosphere model provides a consistent description of X-ray emission.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy&Astrophysics
Generation of Secret Key for Physical Layer to Evaluate Channel Characteristics in Wireless Communications
Creators: name: Prashanth, B. U. V
name: Pandurangaiah, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This manuscript aims to generate a secret key for a PHY layer to evaluate the channel characteristics in wireless communications. An algorithmic approach is adopted for multimedia encryption to generate a secret key between two entities communicating with each other in a real time simulation environment such as MATLAB. Two classes of PHY key generation schemes are analyzed for designing the algorithm such as received-signal-strength-based and channel- phase-based protocols. We present a performance comparison of them in terms of key disagreement probability, key generation rate, key bit randomness, scalability, and implementation issues.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, proceedings of International Conference ERCICA 2013 pp: 251-255,Published by Elsevier Ltd
An operator definition and derivation of collisional energy and momentum loss in relativistic plasmas
Creators: name: Neufeld, R. B.
name: Vitev, Ivan
name: Xing, Hongxi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an operator definition of the collisional energy and momentum loss suffered by an energetic charged particle in the presence of a medium. Our approach uses the energy-momentum tensor of the medium to evaluate the energy and momentum transfer rates. We apply this formalism to an energetic lepton or quark propagating in thermal electron-positron or quark-gluon plasmas, respectively. By using two different approaches to describe the energetic charged particle, an external current approach and a diagrammatic approach, we show explicitly that the operator method reproduces the known results for collisional energy loss from the scattering rate formalism. We further use our results to evaluate the collisional energy and momentum loss for the cases of heavy quark propagation through a quark-gluon plasma and energetic muon propagation in an electron-positron plasma produced in a high-intensity laser field.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
5d gauge theories on orbifolds and 4d 't Hooft line indices
Creators: name: Mekareeya, Noppadol
name: Rodriguez-Gomez, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study indices for 5d gauge theories on S^1 \times S^4/Z_n. In the large orbifold limit, n \rightarrow \infty, we find evidence that the indices become 4d indices in the presence of a 't Hooft line operator. The non-perturbative part of the index poses some subtleties when being compared to the 4d monopole bubbling which happens in the presence of 't Hooft line operators. We study such monopole bubbling indices and find an interesting connection to the Hilbert series of the moduli space of instantons on an auxiliary ALE space.
description: 43 pages
Mutual ionization in atomic collisions near the electronic threshold
Creators: name: Zhang, S. F.
name: Zhu, X. L.
name: Voitkiv, A. B.
name: Feng, W. T.
name: Guo, D. L.
name: Gao, Y.
name: Zhang, R. T.
name: Wang, E. L
name: Ma, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study mutual ionization in collisions between atomic hydrogen and helium at impact velocities near the electronic threshold for this process (determined by the condition that kinetic energy of an equivelocity free electron is approximately equal to the sum of binding energies of active electrons in the projectile and target). We show that this process is substantially influenced by the Coulomb repulsion between the emitted electrons and that the atomic nuclei are very strongly involved in the momentum balance along the collision velocity.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Spectral analysis of a quantum system with a double line singular interaction
Creators: name: Kondej, Sylwia
name: Krejcirik, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a non-relativistic quantum particle interacting with a singular potential supported by two parallel straight lines in the plane. We locate the essential spectrum under the hypothesis that the interaction asymptotically approaches a constant value and find conditions which guarantee either the existence of discrete eigenvalues or Hardy-type inequalities. For a class of our models admitting a mirror symmetry, we also establish the existence of embedded eigenvalues and show that they turn into resonances after introducing a small perturbation.
description: 26 pages, 1 figure; to appear in Publ. RIMS, Kyoto University
Computational study of structural, electronic and optical properties of crystalline NH$_4$N$_3$
Creators: name: Yedukondalu, N.
name: Ghule, Vikas D.
name: Vaitheeswaran, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A systematic computational study on the structural, electronic, bonding, and optical properties of orthorhombic ammonium azide (NH$_4$N$_3$) has been performed using planewave pseudopotential (PW-PP) method based on density functional theory (DFT). Semiempirical dispersion correction schemes have been used to account for non-bonded interactions in molecular crystalline NH$_4$N$_3$. The ground state lattice parameters and fractional co-ordinates obtained using the dispersion correction schemes are in excellent agreement with experimental results. We calculated the single crystal elastic constants of NH$_4$N$_3$ and its sensitivity is interpreted through the observed ordering of the elastic constants (C$_{33}$ $>$ C$_{11}$ $>$ C$_{22}$). The electronic structure and optical properties were calculated using full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) approach with recently developed functional of Tran-Blaha modified Becke-Johnson (TB-mBJ) potential. The TB-mBJ electronic structure shows that NH$_4$N$_3$ is a direct band gap insulator with a band gap of 5.08 eV, while the calculated band gap with standard generalized gradient approximation is found to be 4.10 eV. The optical anisotropy is analyzed through the calculated optical constants namely dielectric function and refractive index along three different crystallographic axes. The absorption spectra reveal that NH$_4$N$_3$ is sensitive to ultraviolet (UV) light. Further, we also analyzed the detonation characteristics of the NH$_4$N$_3$ using the reported heat of formation and calculated density. NH$_4$N$_3$ is found to have a detonation velocity of 6.45 km/s and a detonation pressure about 15.16 GPa computed by Kamlet-Jacobs empirical equations.
description: 6 Figures
Astrophysical constraints and insights on extended relativistic gravity
Creators: name: Mendoza, S.
name: Olmo, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give precise details to support that observations of gravitational lensing at scales of individual, groups and clusters of galaxies can be understood in terms of non-Newtonian gravitational interactions with a relativistic structure compatible with the Einstein Equivalence Principle. This result is derived on very general grounds without knowing the underlying structure of the gravitational field equations. As such, any developed gravitational theory built to deal with these astrophysical scales needs to reproduce the obtained results of this article.
description: 6 pages
On the Tight Security of the Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.3
Creators: name: Diemert, Denis
Publisher: name: Bergische Universität Wuppertal
Year: 2023

description: Nowadays, a life without communicating over the Internet is unimaginable. This communication reaches from staying in contact with other people using instant messaging services or social media to delicate tasks like transferring money from home using online banking. The Internet itself needs to be considered as an insecure communication channel as potential attackers could read the communication or even make unwanted modifications to it. Presumably, the importance of the Internet would never have been as it is today without the means that enable secure communication. The de-facto standard for secure communication is the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol. It enables two parties to communicate securely over an insecure channel, such as the Internet, with the use of cryptography. Since there are so many applications including delicate ones (e.g., online banking) that rely on secure communication over the Internet, a rigorous analysis of a security mechanism as important as TLS is crucial. Modern cryptography makes use of the tools of math to provide rigorous formal treatments of cryptographic constructions referred to as security proofs. It is even common that new constructions nowadays come with such a proof of security. A proof of security does not only provide an excellent assertion of the plausibility of a construction, but also can be used to select parameters, which determine the provided level of security of a cryptographic system, based on a theoretical foundation. Here, we are particularly concerned about the tightness of the security proof. Tight security proofs allow it to deploy cryptographic systems with parameters that are backed up by the security proof without the need to compensate any loss in security induced by the security proof and allow for a deployment that does not need to trade off efficiency against security. In this thesis, we investiga++
description: te the tight security of the most recent version of the TLS protocol TLS 1.3 (RFC 8446).
Electron-Hole Entanglement in a Quantum Spin Hall Insulator
Creators: name: Sato, Koji
name: Trif, Mircea
name: Tserkovnyak, Yaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that entangled electron-hole pairs can be produced and detected in a quantum spin Hall insulator with a constriction that allows for a weak inter-edge tunneling. A violation of a Bell inequality, which can be constructed in terms of low-frequency nonlocal current-current correlations, serves as a detection of the entanglement. We show that the maximum violation of a Bell inequality can be naturally achieved in this setup, without a need to fine tune tunneling parameters. This may provide a viable route to producing spin entanglement in the absence of any correlations and pairing, where spin-to-charge conversion is enabled by the helical edge structure of a quantum spin Hall insulator.
description: 4 pages main article + 3 pages supplement, 2 figures
The pressure field defined by stroke volume and systemic elastance as a novel paradigm for perfusion management of the circulatory system
Creators: name: Woodford, Stephen
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: I propose a novel precision medicine approach for anaesthetists and intensivists to understand, measure, and manage how oxygen is delivered to metabolising tissues in the intact circulation. This approach is based on more than 10 million haemodynamic data points collected using minimally invasive haemodynamic monitoring in 922 surgical and intensive care patients, and more than 100,000 data points collected noninvasively in 3,255 surgical and medical patients. The approach proposes that oxygen delivery be conceptualised as the product of oxygen availability and perfusion, with oxygen availability measured in terms of flow and its constituents, and perfusion measured in terms of a pressure field. That is, pressure alone is insufficient to understand perfusion. Perfusion must be understood in terms of how pressure is generated on a beat-to-beat basis: the beat-to-beat contribution of the heart and the beat-to-beat contribution of the vasculature to pressure. The pressure field equation asserts that perfusion pressure, calculated as the mean arteriovenous pressure difference (MAP-CVP), is the appropriate measure of pressure within the systemic circulation. Perfusion pressure can be understood as the product of stroke volume (SV) and systemic elastance (Es), where Es is the afterload of the systemic circulation (combined arterial and venous systems) calculated on a beat-to-beat basis. When perfusion pressure and SV are simultaneously measured and Es is calculated for a patient, this constitutes the patient’s pressure field. This pressure field varies with age, sex, weight, and disease. In conjunction with blood flow measurement, the pressure field provides anaesthetists and intensivists with information critical to understanding when to administer intravenous fluid and vasoactive drugs, and in what doses. The consequences appear to be smaller and earlier interventions, decreased fluid loading, greater haemodynamic stability, and the possibility of better patient outcomes. A retrospective analysis of 480 patients undergoing cardiac surgery confirmed that patients managed using the pressure field approach receive less fluid. Of these, 67 patients managed using the pressure field approach experienced a -13 ± 7 g/L change in pre- to post-operative haemoglobin levels compared to -52 ± 14 g/L for the 413 patients managed conventionally (p < 0.0001). Using blood flow and the pressure field to guide management of the circulation constitutes a significant step on the path to individualising care.
Time-Reversal-Symmetry-Broken State in the BCS Formalism for a Multi-Band Superconductor
Creators: name: Wilson, Brendan J.
name: Das, Mukunda P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In three-band BCS superconductors with repulsive interband interactions, frustration between the bands can lead to an inherently complex gap function, arising out of a phase difference between the bands in the range 0 and π. Since the complex conjugate of this state is also a solution, the ground state is degenerate, and there appears a time-reversal-symmetry-broken state. In this paper we investigate the existence of this state as a function of interband coupling strength and show how a new phase transition appears between the TRSB and conventional BCS states.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in J. Phys.: Condensed Matter
2007-Joseph_Myers-Brian_Winkel-Modeling_a_Mystery_Circuit_in_Mathematics_Class_Using_Differential_Equations_Laplace_Transforms_and_Transfer_Functions
Creators: name: Myers, Joseph
name: Winkel, Brian
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2023

description: We discuss the introduction, student discovery, and teaching of a system of differential equations which model a circuit.