cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phonon Quantum Nondemolition Measurements in Nonlinearly Coupled Optomechanical Cavities
Creators: name: Hauer, B. D.
name: Metelmann, A.
name: Davis, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the field of cavity optomechanics, proposals for quantum nondemolition (QND) measurements of phonon number provide a promising avenue by which one can study the quantum nature of nanoscale mechanical resonators. Here, we investigate these QND measurements for an optomechanical system whereby quadratic coupling arises due to shared symmetries between a single optical resonance and a mechanical mode. We establish a relaxed limit on the amount of linear coupling that can exist in this type of system while still allowing for a QND measurement of Fock states. This new condition enables optomechanical QND measurements, which can be used to probe the decoherence of mesoscopic mechanical Fock states, providing an experimental testbed for quantum collapse theories.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, submitted version
A genetic screen identifies novel regulators of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype
Creators: name: Georgilis, Athena Eugenia
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Cellular senescence is a stable cell-cycle arrest induced by ageing or many stresses such as oncogene activation. Oncogene-Induced Senescence (OIS) is an intrinsic tumour suppressive mechanism but also has numerous extrinsic functions mediated by the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Although the SASP attracts the immune system to clear damaged cells it can also promote cancer growth and age-associated systemic inflammation. Consequently, the SASP has been considered a potential therapeutic target. However, a better understanding of the molecular pathways regulating the complex secretome of senescent cells is necessary before designing therapeutic interventions. In this work, we set up and carried out an siRNA screen for genes regulating the SASP during OIS. By screening siRNAs targeting 8,352 genes, 84 novel regulators of IL-8 and IL-6 were found. We further interrogated their effect on levels of p16INK4a, p21Cip1 and BrdU incorporation. 49 genes were found to specifically regulate the SASP without affecting other senescence features. Combining the siRNA screening system with global transcriptome profiling for 38 of these genes revealed common pathways with a potential role in regulating the SASP. One of the candidates was the splicing factor PTBP1. PTBP1 depletion blunted the induction of several SASP factors without affecting the senescence growth arrest. The altered SASP produced upon PTBP1 depletion had distinct properties. For example, it decreased the ability to transmit senescence but retained the ability to attract natural killer cells. Mechanistically, during senescence, PTBP1 promoted exon skipping of several mRNAs involved in intracellular protein trafficking. Future work will aim at fully understanding the role of PTBP1 during senescence. Our data so far suggest the feasibility of targeting PTBP1 to specifically manipulate the SASP while maintaining the ability of inducing cell cycle arrest as a potential strategy to target inflammation-driven tumourigenesis.
Interpretation of the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux in terms of the blazar sequence
Creators: name: Palladino, Andrea
name: Rodrigues, Xavier
name: Gao, Shan
name: Winter, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study if the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux can come from blazar jets -- a subclass of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) -- while it, at the same time, respects the blazar stacking limit based on source catalogs and is consistent with the observation from TXS 0506+056. We compute the neutrino flux from resolved and unresolved sources using an averaged, empirical relationship between electromagnetic spectrum and luminosity, known as the {\em blazar sequence}, for two populations of blazars (BL Lacs and FSRQs). Using a source model with realistic neutrino flux computations, we demonstrate that blazars can indeed power the diffuse neutrino flux at the highest energies and obey the stacking limit at the same time, and we derive the conditions for the baryonic loading (proton versus $γ$-ray luminosity) evolving over the blazar sequence. Under the hypothesis that low-luminosity blazars power the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux, we find that the dominant contribution of the diffuse flux up to PeV energies must come from unresolved BL Lacs with baryonic loadings larger than about $10^5$ -- while only a very small contribution may come from resolved high-luminosity BL Lacs or FSRQs, which can be directly tested by the stacking limit. We find that the blazar TXS 0506+056 is on the verge of these populations in our baseline scenario, at a relatively high luminosity and redshift; as a consequence we predict about 0.3 $γ$-ray-neutrino associations per year from the whole population, dominated by BL Lacs with $L_γ\simeq 10^{45} \, \mathrm{erg/s}$ and $z \sim 0.1$.
description: Accepted for publication in APJ
Lunar Occultation of MACHOs
Creators: name: Han, Cheongho
name: Narayanan, Vijay K.
name: Gould, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lunar occultation can be used to measure the proper motions of some of the long time scale microlensing events, $t_{e} \gsim 70$ days, now being detected toward the Galactic bulge. The long events are difficult to explain within the context of standard models of the mass distribution and dynamics of the Galaxy. Han & Gould (1995b) have suggested that they may be due to a kinematically cold population near the Sun. To resolve the mass, distance, and velocity of individual events and so to determine their nature, one must measure parallaxes and proper motions. For long events, parallaxes can be often obtained from ground-based measurements, but proper motions can only rarely be determined using conventional methods. Lunar occultations are therefore key to the understanding of the long events. We carry out realistic simulations to estimate the uncertainty of these measurements and show that proper motions could be measured for about one long event per year.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, request hard copy of preprint to cheongho@payne.mps.ohio-state.edu
Homo sapiens subsp. europaeus Linnaeus, 1758, subspec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Hominidae
Homo
Homo sapiens
Homo sapiens subsp. europaeus

description: Homo sapiens subsp. europaeus [subspec. nov.]
albus, sanguineus, torosus.
Pilis flavescentibus prolixis. Oculis caeruleis.
Levis, acutissimus, inventor.
Tegitur Veitimentis arctis.
Regitur Ritibus.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 21, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Additional file 1: of Health-related quality of life impact of minor and major bleeding events during dual antiplatelet therapy: a systematic literature review and patient preference elicitation study
Creators: name: Doble, Brett
name: Pufulete, Maria
name: Harris, Jessica
name: Johnson, Tom
name: Lasserson, Daniel
name: Reeves, Barnaby
name: Wordsworth, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Appendicies A to G. (DOCX 266 kb)
Additional file 1 of Small extracellular vesicles encapsulating CCL2 from activated astrocytes induce microglial activation and neuronal apoptosis after traumatic spinal cord injury
Creators: name: Rong, Yuluo
name: Ji, Chengyue
name: Wang, Zhuanghui
name: Ge, Xuhui
name: Wang, Jiaxing
name: Ye, Wu
name: Tang, Pengyu
name: Jiang, Dongdong
name: Fan, Jin
name: Yin, Guoyong
name: Liu, Wei
name: Cai, Weihua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. CCL2 expression at different time points after SCI. The volcano map of differentially expressed genes in GEO: GSE42828. Supplementary Figure 2. Expression and localization of CCR2 after spinal cord injury. (A, B) Western blotting detection of CCR2 expression in spinal cord tissue. (C) qRT-PCR detection of CCR2 expression in spinal cord tissue. (D) FISH detects the location and expression of CCR2 in spinal cord injury tissue. Supplementary Figure 3. Identification of primary neurons, microglia and astrocytes. (A) NeuN identifies neuron nuclei, and MAP-2 identifies neuron axons. (B) CD11b identifies microglia cells. (C) GFAP identifies astrocytes. Supplementary Figure 4. Inhibiting the release of sEVs from activated astrocytes can reduce microglia activation and neuronal apoptosis. (A) Western blotting detection of Rab27a expression in astrocytes. (B) Rab27a siRNA can reduce the release of NO from microglia after inhibiting the release of sEVs. (C, D) TUNEL staining to detect neuronal apoptosis. Supplementary Figure 5. The effects of sEVs containing CCL2 on microglial activation and neuron apoptosis after inhibition of CCR2. (A-C) ELISA method to detect TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. (D) Detection of changes in NO content. (E-H) qRT-PCR and western blotting to detect the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. (I, J) Transwell assessment of the migration ability of BV2 microglia. (K-N) TUNEL staining and western blotting to detect neuronal apoptosis. Supplementary Figure 6. Further verification in vitro that CCL2-induced activation of microglia aggravates neuronal apoptosis. (A, B) Western blotting detection of IL-1Ra protein expression in neurons. (C) Immunofluorescence detection of neurons IL-1Ra protein expression. (D, E) TUNEL staining to detect neuronal apoptosis. (F, G) Western blotting was used to detect the expression of apoptosis related proteins in neurons.
Receptor localisation and the integration of signals in natural killer cells
Creators: name: Duarte Filipe Tomaz, David Caetano
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: NK cell signal integration results from a balance of multiple signals triggered by activating and inhibitory receptors, ultimately determining NK cell functions. However, how precisely the combination of these antagonistic signals occurs, rapidly, upon immunological synapse (IS) formation, is not yet understood. To study the co-localisation of activating and inhibitory receptors upon IS formation, the co-localisation of NKG2D-GFP2 (short and long isoform) and Ly49A-RFP, on a nanometer scale, was investigated by measuring Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between both fluorescent-tagged receptors. The NK cell IS was studied using NKG2D-GFP- and Ly49A-RFP-expressing primary NK cells ex vivo from retrogenic mice, in cell-cell conjugates with NIH3T3 target cells, with or without expression of H2-Dd SCT and H2-Dd-CD4 SCT MHC-I molecules (a native and elongated version of the Ly49A ligand, respectively). The results demonstrate that NKG2D-GFP (both isoforms) efficiently associates with DAP10 or DAP12 adaptor proteins. Both NKG2D-GFP and Ly49A-RFP are expressed at the cell surface of primary NK cells and NKG2D-GFP accumulates in the NK IS upon contact with H60-expressing target cells. Regions of nanometer-scale FRET co-localisation between NKG2D and Ly49A were dependent on the presence of ligand on target cells and its dimensions. In the presence of both NK cell ligands, NKG2D and Ly49A co-localise upon IS formation. Interestingly, increasing the size of the Ly49A ligand was shown to decrease their co-localisation, decreasing FRET. In conclusion, a differential Ly49A and NKG2D co-localisation upon NK IS formation, dependent on ligand size,, may provide a molecular mechanism for NK cell signal integration. This study presents evidence, at a nanometer scale, suggesting that immune cell signal integration is achieved by a differential co-localisation of activating and inhibitory receptors upon synapse formation.
A Framework for Prioritizing the TESS Planetary Candidates Most Amenable to Atmospheric Characterization
Creators: name: Kempton, Eliza M. -R.
name: Bean, Jacob L.
name: Louie, Dana R.
name: Deming, Drake
name: Koll, Daniel D. B.
name: Mansfield, Megan
name: Christiansen, Jessie L.
name: Lopez-Morales, Mercedes
name: Swain, Mark R.
name: Zellem, Robert T.
name: Ballard, Sarah
name: Barclay, Thomas
name: Barstow, Joanna K.
name: Batalha, Natasha E.
name: Beatty, Thomas G.
name: Berta-Thompson, Zach
name: Birkby, Jayne
name: Buchhave, Lars A.
name: Charbonneau, David
name: Cowan, Nicolas B.
name: Crossfield, Ian
name: de Val-Borro, Miguel
name: Doyon, Rene
name: Dragomir, Diana
name: Gaidos, Eric
name: Heng, Kevin
name: Hu, Renyu
name: Kane, Stephen R.
name: Kreidberg, Laura
name: Mallonn, Matthias
name: Morley, Caroline V.
name: Narita, Norio
name: Nascimbeni, Valerio
name: Palle, Enric
name: Quintana, Elisa V.
name: Rauscher, Emily
name: Seager, Sara
name: Shkolnik, Evgenya L.
name: Sing, David K.
name: Sozzetti, Alessandro
name: Stassun, Keivan G.
name: Valenti, Jeff A.
name: von Essen, Carolina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A key legacy of the recently launched TESS mission will be to provide the astronomical community with many of the best transiting exoplanet targets for atmospheric characterization. However, time is of the essence to take full advantage of this opportunity. JWST, although delayed, will still complete its nominal five year mission on a timeline that motivates rapid identification, confirmation, and mass measurement of the top atmospheric characterization targets from TESS. Beyond JWST, future dedicated missions for atmospheric studies such as ARIEL require the discovery and confirmation of several hundred additional sub-Jovian size planets (R_p < 10 R_Earth) orbiting bright stars, beyond those known today, to ensure a successful statistical census of exoplanet atmospheres. Ground-based ELTs will also contribute to surveying the atmospheres of the transiting planets discovered by TESS. Here we present a set of two straightforward analytic metrics, quantifying the expected signal-to-noise in transmission and thermal emission spectroscopy for a given planet, that will allow the top atmospheric characterization targets to be readily identified among the TESS planet candidates. Targets that meet our proposed threshold values for these metrics would be encouraged for rapid follow-up and confirmation via radial velocity mass measurements. Based on the catalog of simulated TESS detections by Sullivan et al. (2015), we determine appropriate cutoff values of the metrics, such that the TESS mission will ultimately yield a sample of $\sim300$ high-quality atmospheric characterization targets across a range of planet size bins, extending down to Earth-size, potentially habitable worlds.
description: accepted to PASP
Luminosity Evolution of Early-type Galaxies to z=0.83: Constraints on Formation Epoch and Omega
Creators: name: van Dokkum, Pieter G.
name: Franx, Marijn
name: Kelson, Daniel D.
name: Illingworth, Garth D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep spectroscopy with the Keck telescope of eight galaxies in the luminous X-ray cluster MS1054-03 at z=0.83. The data are combined with imaging observations from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The spectroscopic data are used to measure the internal kinematics of the galaxies, and the HST data to measure their structural parameters. Six galaxies have early-type spectra, and two have "E+A" spectra. The galaxies with early-type spectra define a tight Fundamental Plane (FP) relation. The evolution of the mass-to-light ratio is derived from the FP. The M/L ratio evolves as Δlog M/L_B \propto -0.40 z (Omega_m=0.3, Omega_Lambda=0). The observed evolution of the M/L ratio provides a combined constraint on the formation redshift of the stars, the IMF, and cosmological parameters. For a Salpeter IMF (x=2.35) we find that z_form>2.8 and Omega_m<0.86 with 95% confidence. The constraint on the formation redshift is weaker if Omega_Lambda>0: z_form>1.7 if Omega_m=0.3 and Omega_Lambda=0.7. At present the limiting factor in constraining z_form and Omega from the observed luminosity evolution of early-type galaxies is the poor understanding of the IMF. We find that if Omega_m=1 the IMF must be significantly steeper than the Salpeter IMF (x>2.6).
description: To be published in ApJ Letters, Volume 504, September 1, 1998. 5 pages, 4 figures
Finite-size estimates of Kirkwood-Buff and similar integrals
Creators: name: Santos, Andrés
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Krüger and Vlugt [Phys. Rev. E 97, 051301(R) (2018)] have proposed a method to approximate an improper integral $\int_0^\infty \text{d}r\, F(r)$, where $F(r)$ is a given oscillatory function, by a finite-range integral $\int_0^L \text{d}r\, F(r) W(r/L)$ with an appropriate weight function $W(x)$. The method is extended here to an arbitrary (embedding) dimensionality $d$. A study of three-dimensional Kirkwood-Buff integrals, where $F(r)=4πr^2h(r)$, and static structure factors, where $F(r)=(4π/q) r\sin(qr) h(r)$, $h(r)$ being the pair correlation function, shows that, in general, a choice $d\neq 3$ (e.g., $d=7$) for the embedding dimensionality may significantly reduce the error of the approximation $\int_0^\infty \text{d}r\, F(r)\simeq \int_0^L \text{d}r\, F(r) W(r/L)$.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures; v2: static structure factor included
Additional file 1: of Relation of multi-marker panel to incident chronic kidney disease and rapid kidney function decline in African Americans: the Jackson Heart Study
Creators: name: Mwasongwe, Stanford
name: Young, Bessie
name: Bidulescu, Aurelian
name: Sims, Mario
name: Correa, Adolfo
name: Musani, Solomon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Comparing characteristics of the Included versus Excluded Participants. Table S2. Baseline characteristics and biomarkers distribution by incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) and rapid kidney function decline (RKFD). Table S3. Associations between biomarkers with incident CKD and RKFD stratified by obesity status. (DOCX 39 kb)
Additional file 6 of Morphological characteristics and transcriptome analysis at different anther development stages of the male sterile mutant MS7–2 in Wucai (Brassica campestris L.)
Creators: name: Wang, Jian
name: Yang, Yitao
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Wang, Shaoxing
name: Yuan, Lingyun
name: Chen, Guohu
name: Tang, Xiaoyan
name: Hou, Jinfeng
name: Zhu, Shidong
name: Wang, Chenggang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Table S2. Primers used in this study.
Ranking and Repulsing Supermartingales for Reachability in Probabilistic Programs
Creators: name: Takisaka, Toru
name: Oyabu, Yuichiro
name: Urabe, Natsuki
name: Hasuo, Ichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computing reachability probabilities is a fundamental problem in the analysis of probabilistic programs. This paper aims at a comprehensive and comparative account on various martingale-based methods for over- and under-approximating reachability probabilities. Based on the existing works that stretch across different communities (formal verification, control theory, etc.), we offer a unifying account. In particular, we emphasize the role of order-theoretic fixed points---a classic topic in computer science---in the analysis of probabilistic programs. This leads us to two new martingale-based techniques, too. We give rigorous proofs for their soundness and completeness. We also make an experimental comparison using our implementation of template-based synthesis algorithms for those martingales.
title:  Smart: un caso studio per la tutela dei freelance
Creators: name: Realini , Alessio
name: Berranger, Cécile
name: Boscariol , Chiara
Publisher: name: RomaTrE-Press
Year: 2020

description: Il capitolo descrive il lavoro come bene comune, come diritto universale. Questo concetto risulta particolarmente importante quando si osserva la precarizzazione del mercato del lavoro. Soprattutto in un contesto così frammentato, le cooperative garantiscono maggiori tutele a categorie di lavoratori che, altrimenti, verrebbero estromesse dal welfare. Viene quindi analizzato il caso studio di Smart, un network europeo di imprese condivise e cooperative che risponde alle esigenze di freelance e di altre categorie di lavoratori.
description: Cooperative bene comune
Tidal Streams as Probes of the Galactic Potential
Creators: name: Johnston, Kathryn V.
name: Zhao, HongSheng
name: Spergel, David N.
name: Hernquist, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the use of tidal streams from Galactic satellites to recover the potential of the Milky Way. Our study is motivated both by the discovery of the first lengthy stellar stream in the halo (\cite{it98}) and by the prospect of measuring proper motions of stars brighter than 20th magnitude in such a stream with an accuracy of $\sim 4μas/$yr, as will be possible with the Space Interferometry Mission (SIM). We assume that the heliocentric radial velocities of these stars can be determined from supporting ground-based spectroscopic surveys, and that the mass and phase-space coordinates of the Galactic satellite with which they are associated will also be known to SIM accuracy. Using results from numerical simulations as trial data sets, we find that, if we assume the correct form for the Galactic potential, we can predict the distances to the stars as a consequence of the narrow distribution of energy expected along the streams. We develop an algorithm to evaluate the accuracy of any adopted potential by requiring that the satellite and stars recombine within a Galactic lifetime when their current phase-space coordinates are integrated backwards. When applied to a four-dimensional grid of triaxial logarithmic potentials, with varying circular velocities, axis ratios and orientation of the major-axis in the disk plane, the algorithm can recover the parameters used for the Milky Way in a simulated data set to within a few percent using only 100 stars in a tidal stream.
description: Revised version - original algorithm generalised to be applicable to any potential shape. LaTeX, 12 pages including 3 figures. To be published in ApJ Letters
Holographic thermalization in AdS-Gauss-Bonnet gravity for small entangled regions
Creators: name: Ghaffarnejad, Hossein
name: Yaraie, Emad
name: Farsam, Mohammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the propagation of entanglement entropy after a global instantaneous quench on the CFT boundary of AdS bulk. We consider the Gauss-Bonnet model as a higher curvature gravity model for which we correct the RT(HRT) proposal to compute the holographic entanglement entropy(HEE). To obtain an analytical solution we perform an approximation approach which bounds our computations to the small subregions and we compare its thermalization regimes to the result of large subsystem case. We can see tsunami picture where the evolution of entanglement breaks down for the large systems and so its details depends just on the shape and size of entangled region and also the used gravity model. We can see the phase transition in this regime is always continuous regardless the shape and size, in contrary with large subregions.
description: 25 pages, 1 figure, General Relativity and Gravitation 2018
title: Mainstreaming climate change in the Rio Doce watershed restoration
title: Mainstreaming climate change in the Rio Doce watershed restoration
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: May, Peter
name: Alonso, Luiza
name: Barbosa, Francisco
name: Union Internationale Pour La Conservation De La Nature Et De Ses Ressources
Publisher: name: Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature
Year: 2020

description: Autres auteurs : Brito, Maria Cecilia Laureano, Fernando Maroun, Christianne Sànchez, Luis Enrique Kakabadse, Yolanda
Non-existence of Hopf-Galois structures and bijective crossed homomorphisms
Creators: name: Tsang, Cindy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: By work of C. Greither and B. Pareigis as well as N. P. Byott, the enumeration of Hopf-Galois structures on a Galois extension of fields with Galois group $G$ may be reduced to that of regular subgroups of $\mbox{Hol}(N)$ isomorphic to $G$ as $N$ ranges over all groups of order $|G|$, where $\mbox{Hol}(-)$ denotes the holomorph. In this paper, we shall give a description of such subgroups of $\mbox{Hol}(N)$ in terms of bijective crossed homomorphisms $G\longrightarrow N$, and then use it to study two questions related to non-existence of Hopf-Galois structures.
description: Accepted version
title: Integração da perspectiva da mudança climática na restauração da Bacia do Rio Doce
title: Integração da perspectiva da mudança climática na restauração da Bacia do Rio Doce
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: May, Peter
name: Alonso, Luiza
name: Barbosa, Francisco
Publisher: name: Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature
Year: 2020

description: Autres auteurs : Brito, Maria Cecilia Laureano, Fernando Maroun, Christianne Sànchez, Luis Enrique Kakabadse, Yolanda
Strong observational constraints on Advection-Dominated Accretion in the cores of elliptical galaxies
Creators: name: Di Matteo, T.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Rees, M. J.
name: Carilli, C. L.
name: Ivison, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The growing evidence for supermassive black holes in the centres of nearby galaxies has brought into sharper focus the question of why elliptical galaxies, rich in hot gas, do not possess quasar-like luminosities. Recent studies suggest that advection-dominated accretion flows (ADAFs), with associated low radiative efficiency, might provide an explanation for the observed quiescence. Although ADAF models have been applied to a number of low-luminosity systems, compelling observational evidence for their existence is still required. Here, we examine new high-frequency radio observations of the giant, low-luminosity elliptical galaxies NGC 4649, NGC 4472 and NGC 4636 made with the Very Large Array (VLA) and the sub-millimetre common-user bolometer array (SCUBA) on the JCMT. At these frequencies the predictions are very precise and an ADAF is unequivocally characterised by a slowly rising spectrum with a sharp spectral cut-off produced by thermal synchrotron radiation. The new radio limits severely disagree with the canonical ADAF predictions which significantly overestimate the observed flux. While our observations do not rule out the presence of an ADAF in these objects, they place strong constraints on the model. If the accretion in these objects occurs in an advection-dominated mode then our radio limits imply that the emission from their central regions must be suppressed. We examine the possibility that the magnetic field in the flow is extremely low or that synchrotron emission is free-free absorbed by cold material in the accretion flow. We also discuss whether slow non-radiating accretion flows may drive winds/outflows to remove energy, angular momentum and mass so that the central densities, pressures and emissivities are much smaller than in a standard ADAF.
description: submitted to MNRAS, 13 pages, 6 figures in MNRAS LaTex style
title: Guidelines for conserving connectivity through ecological networks and corridors
title: Guidelines for conserving connectivity through ecological networks and corridors
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Hilty, Jodi
name: Worboys Graeme, L.
name: Keeley, Annika
name: Union Internationale Pour La Conservation De La Nature Et De Ses Ressources
Publisher: name: Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature
Year: 2020

description: Autres auteurs : Woodley, Stephen Lausche, Barbara Locke, Harvey Carr, Mark Pulsford, Ian Pittock, James White, J. Wilson Theobald, David M. Levine, Jessica Reuling, Melly Watson, James E. M. Ament, Rob Tabor, Gary M.
Additional file 14: of Integrated genomic analyses in PDX model reveal a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor Palbociclib as a novel candidate drug for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Creators: name: Cheng-Lung Hsu
name: Kar-Wai Lui
name: Lang-Ming Chi
name: Yung-Chia Kuo
name: Yin-Kai Chao
name: Yeh, Chun-Nan
name: Lee, Li-Yu
name: Yenlin Huang
name: Tung-Liang Lin
name: Mei-Yuan Huang
name: Lai, Yi-Ru
name: Yeh, Yuan-Ming
name: Hsien-Chi Fan
name: Lin, An-Chi
name: Yen-Jung Lu
name: Chia-Hsun Hsieh
name: Chang, Kai-Ping
name: Ngan-Ming Tsang
name: Hung-Ming Wang
name: Chang, Alex
name: Yu-Sun Chang
name: Hsin-Pai Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Table S6. CNV of CCND1, p16 and RAD52 in the 11 NPC patientsâ plasma with (A) high and (B) low EBV copy number. (PDF 783 kb)
Cosmic Ray Positrons at High Energies: A New Measurement
Creators: name: HEAT Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new measurement of the cosmic-ray positron fraction e+/(e+ + e-) obtained from the first balloon flight of the High Energy Antimatter Telescope (HEAT). Using a magnet spectrometer combined with a transition radiation detector, an electromagnetic calorimeter, and time-of-flight counters we have achieved a high degree of background rejection. Our results do not indicate a major contribution to the positron flux from primary sources. In particular, we see no evidence for the significant rise in the positron fraction at energies above ~10 GeV previously reported.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, tarred-compressed-uuencoded-postscript file; heatprl_preprint.tar_z (227 kbytes); Physical Review Letters, in print
A characterization of linearized polynomials with maximum kernel
Creators: name: Csajbók, Bence
name: Marino, Giuseppe
name: Polverino, Olga
name: Zullo, Ferdinando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11T06, 15A04

description: We provide sufficient and necessary conditions for the coefficients of a $q$-polynomial $f$ over $\mathbb{F}_{q^n}$ which ensure that the number of distinct roots of $f$ in $\mathbb{F}_{q^n}$ equals the degree of $f$. We say that these polynomials have maximum kernel. As an application we study in detail $q$-polynomials of degree $q^{n-2}$ over $\mathbb{F}_{q^n}$ which have maximum kernel and for $n\leq 6$ we list all $q$-polynomials with maximum kernel. We also obtain information on the splitting field of an arbitrary $q$-polynomial. Analogous results are proved for $q^s$-polynomials as well, where $\gcd(s,n)=1$.
description: Revised version, final version to appear in Finite Feilds and Their Applications. We added an Appendix with some more details regarding calculations and a proof for Theorem 2.2 to make the paper self-contained
SEIGNIORAGE AND INFLATION: THE CASE OF ARGENTINA*
Creators: name: Kiguel, Miguel
name: Neumeyer, Pablo
name: Kiguel, Miguel
name: Neumeyer, Pablo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: This paper studies the relation between seigniorage and inflation in Argentina for the period 1979-1989. We estimate a money demand function and derive the Laffer curve for several sub-periods with different monetary/exchange rate regimes. We find that for most of the period the Argentine economy remained on the efficient" side of the Laffer curve. The long-run revenue maximizing rate of inflation has been around 20% per month for the "tablita" (1979-1981) and post-Austral (1985-1988) periods and around 30% per month for the pre-Austral period (1982-1985). The long-run maximum level of seigniorage has been above 6% of GDP. Our results imply that the hyperinflation experienced by Argentina in 1989 can be interpreted as an unstable phenomenon that resulted from the need to collect a level of seigniorage that exceeded the maximum warranted by the demand for money.
Searches for Supersymmetry with compressed mass spectra using monojet events with the CMS detector at the LHC
Creators: name: Lucas, Robyn
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: A novel search for supersymmetric particles in events with one high transverse momentum jet and large missing transverse energy is performed using an integrated luminosity of 19.7/fb of pp collision data collected using the CMS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. By using events with an energetic radiated jet, sensitivity to supersymmetric models with compressed mass spectra is gained where the decay products have very low energy. Standard Model background estimates are evaluated with the use of data control samples. No excess over Standard Model expectations is observed, and limits are placed on third generation squark production at the 95% confidence level using supersymmetric simplified models. The development of a Level 1 trigger algorithm to reconstruct jets in the Phase 1 Upgrade of the CMS detector is presented. Utilising the full granularity of the CMS calorimeter and time-multiplexed-trigger technology, a new algorithm with increased flexibility and resolution is presented. It is possible to measure and subtract the contribution to calorimeter deposits of soft particles originating from multiple pp vertices in an event, on an event-by-event basis, in order to decrease the trigger rates associated with high luminosity future run conditions. This will enable CMS to maintain, or better, its ability to do physics as centre-of-mass energy and instantaneous luminosity of the LHC increases in the years to come.
A Cluster of Low-Redshift Lyman-alpha Clouds toward PKS 2155-304. I. Limits on Metals and D/H
Creators: name: Shull, J. Michael
name: Penton, Steven V.
name: Stocke, John T.
name: Giroux, Mark L.
name: van Gorkom, J. H.
name: Lee, Yong-Han
name: Carilli, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report observations from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and the VLA on the galactic environment, metallicity, and D/H in strong low-redshift Lya absorption systems toward the bright BL Lac object PKS 2155-304. GHRS/G160M spectra at 20 km/s resolution show 14 Lya absorbers, 6 clustered at cz = 16,100-18,500 km/s. ORFEUS claimed LyC absorption at z = 0.056 with N(HI) = (2-5)x10^16 cm^-2, while our Lya data suggest N(HI) = (3-10)x10^14 cm^-2. Higher columns are possible if the Lya line core at 17,000 +/- 50 km/s contains narrow HI components. We identify the Lya cluster with a group of five HI galaxies offset by 400-800 kpc from the sightline. The two strongest absorption features cover the same velocity range as the HI emission in the two galaxies closest to the line of sight. If the Lya is associated with these galaxies, they must have huge halos of highly turbulent, mostly ionized gas. The Lya absorption could also arise from an extended sheet of intragroup gas, or from smaller primordial clouds and halos of dwarf galaxies. We see no absorption from SiIII 1206, CIV 1548, or DI Lya. Photoionization models yield limits of (Si/H) < 0.003 solar, (C/H) < 0.005 solar, (D/H) < 2.8x10^-4 (4 sigma) if N(HI) = 2x10^16 cm^-2. The limits increase to 0.023 solar and D/H < 2.8x10^-3 if N(HI) = 2x10^15 cm^-2. The data suggest that the IGM in this group has not been enriched to the levels suggested by X-ray studies of intracluster gas and that these absorbers could be primordial gas clouds.
description: 34 pages LATEX, 8 figures (.ps), accepted for Astron. J. Vol. 116, Nov. 1998
Homo sapiens subsp. afer Linnaeus, 1758, subspec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Hominidae
Homo
Homo sapiens
Homo sapiens subsp. afer

description: Homo sapiens subsp. afer [subspec. nov.]
niger, phlegmaticus, laxus.
Pilis atris, contortuplicatis. Cute holosericea. Naso simo. Labiis tumidis. Feminis sinus pudoris; Mammae lactantes prolixae.
Vafer, segnis, negligens.
Ungit se pingui,
Regitur Arbitrio.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 22, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
The importance of uncoupling troponin I phosphorylation from Ca2+ sensitivity in the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy
Creators: name: Papadaki, Maria
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Heart muscle contraction is regulated via the β adrenergic response that results to phosphorylation of Protein Kinase A (PKA), which in turn decreases the Ca2+ sensitivity of the cardiac myofilament, which is very important for the heart muscle to relax. Mutations in the thin filament that cause Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) and some that cause Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) abolish this relationship, so that the Ca2+ sensitivity becomes independent of Troponin I (TnI) phosphorylation (uncoupling). The aim of the thesis is to unravel the molecular mechanism of the uncoupling phenomenon. It is known that there is a specific interaction between the phosphorylatable TnI N terminal peptide and the Ca2+ binding site on TnC, that is weakened by phosphorylation and we hypothesize that it is disrupted in case of a DCM or HCM mutation, giving rise to the uncoupling phenomenon. Ca2+ sensitisers and desensitisers change the Ca2+ sensitivity of the cardiac muscle like mutations do but their relationship with TnI phosphorylation has never been studied before. Using the in vitro motility assay I showed that the Ca2+ sensitisers EMD 57033 and Bepridil increased the Ca2+ sensitivity of donor thin filaments and additionally they uncoupled the Ca2+ sensitivity from the TnI phosphorylation. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) decreased the Ca2+ sensitivity of donor thin filaments whilst retaining the coupling. On the other hand, EGCG reduced the Ca2+ sensitivity of phosphorylated but not dephosphorylated mutant thin filaments restoring the Ca2+ sensitivity change to TnI phosphorylation. EGCG re-coupled 5 DCM (TPM1 E54K and E40K, TNNI3 K36Q, TNNC1 G159D, ACTC E361G) mutants and 3 HCM (TPM1 E180G, TNNT2 K280N, ACTC E99K) mutants which were originally uncoupled. We were given 30 analogue compounds structurally similar to EGCG and nine of them were able to re-couple uncoupled TPM1 E180G HCM mutant thin filaments. The working compounds re-coupled DCM mutation TPM1 E54K and HCM mutation ACTC E99K. I show for the first time that it is possible to mimic and reverse the effect of DCM and HCM mutations on troponin pharmacologically. EGCG and its analogue compounds might have significant implications for the effective treatment of thin filament cardiomyopathies that uncouple the Ca2+ sensitivity from TnI phosphorylation. In a separate study I investigated 11 mutations in skeletal muscle tropomyosin associated with various myopathies. I found that 7 mutations cause a gain of function that could be accounted for at the molecular level due to destabilising specific actin-tropomyosin interactions. Gain of function at the molecular level correlates with a hypercontractile phenotype in patients.
MOESM3 of Genetic repertoires of anaerobic microbiomes driving generation of biogas
Creators: name: Grohmann, Anja
name: Yevhen Vainshtein
name: Euchner, Ellen
name: Grumaz, Christian
name: Bryniok, Dieter
name: Rabus, Ralf
name: Sohn, Kai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Representation of GO terms from top 500 expressed transcripts.
Mapping the Calogero model on the Anyon model
Creators: name: Ouvry, Stephane
name: Polychronakos, Alexios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explicitly map the N-body one dimensional Calogero eigenstates in a harmonic well to the lowest Landau level sector of N-body eigenstates of the two dimensional anyon model in a harmonic well. The mapping is achieved in terms of a convolution kernel that uses as input the scattering eigenstates of the free Calogero model on the infinite line, which are obtained in an operator formulation.
description: Version to appear in Nuclear Physics B: clarifications and references added, name of one author corrected
Microlens Parallaxes with SIRTF
Creators: name: Gould, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF) will drift away from the Earth at about 0.1 AU/yr. Microlensing events will therefore have different characteristics as seen from the satellite and the Earth. From the difference, it is possible in principle to measure v-tilde, the transverse velocity of the lens projected onto the observer plane. Since v-tilde has very different values for different populations (disk, halo, Large Magellanic Cloud), such measurements could help identify the location, and hence the nature, of the lenses. I show that the method previously developed by Gould for measuring such satellite parallaxes fails completely in the case of SIRTF: it is overwhelmed by degeneracies which arise from fact that the Earth and satellite observations are in different band passes. I develop a new method which allows for observations in different band passes and yet removes all degeneracies. The method combines a purely ground-based measurement of the "parallax asymmetry" with a measurement of the delay between the time the event peaks at the Earth and satellite. In effect, the parallax asymmetry determines the component of v-tilde in the Earth-Sun direction, while the delay time measures the component of v-tilde in the direction of the Earth's orbit.
description: 21 pages plus 3 figures
Business models for Energy Storage Systems
Creators: name: Moreira, Roberto Marino Marques
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Recent commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the electricity industry associated with the electrification of segments of heat and transport sectors pose significant challenges of unprecedented proportions . The unique features of Energy Storage Systems (ESS) coupled with the flexibility of providing services to multiple sectors of the electricity industry, make it a key technology to tackle current and upcoming challenges in the electricity industry. Although ESS have the potential to support future system integration with large amounts of renewable generation, the potential value that ESS brings to stakeholder s and its associated economics are not well understood to date. In addition, further research is needed on its business model in various markets and system conditions, in particular in the value associated with each service or set of services. In this context, the conducted research has addressed ESS operational aspects when considering a multiple services portfolio provided to various stakeholders and sensitive to market and system conditions. New ESS operational frameworks together with a computationally efficient modelling framework are proposed for a better understanding of ESS business models. The novelty introduced with this work is associated with a multiple service business model for ESS which considers services to distribution network operators, system operators, low capacity value generation and participation in the energy market. In addition, the economic aspects of ESS considering various operating policies for maximum revenue is also investigated and enhances the understanding of ESS to develop appropriate market mechanisms and allow efficient deployment of ESS in the electricity industry.
Small scale CMB fluctuations as a probe of the mass of Dark Matter particles
Creators: name: Doroshkevich, Andrei G.
name: Schneider, Raffaella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CMB anisotropy on arc second range is examined to test the power spectrum of perturbations in the small scale region and, in particular, to estimate the mass of dominant dark matter particles. It is shown that for the simplest evolutionary history with standard recombination, three and four beam observations could discriminate the mass of dark matter particles in the interval $0.5 KeV\leq M_{DM}\leq 4 KeV$ with an antenna beam (0.5 - 0.25) arc minute with amplitude $\approx 10^{-7}$.
description: 29 pages