cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Accessibility Measure for Eternal Inflation: Dynamical Criticality and Higgs Metastability
Creators: name: Khoury, Justin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new measure for eternal inflation, based on search optimization and first-passage statistics. This work builds on the dynamical selection mechanism for vacua based on search optimization proposed recently by the author and Parrikar. The approach is motivated by the possibility that eternal inflation has unfolded for a finite time much shorter than the exponentially long mixing time for the landscape. The proposed accessibility measure assigns greater weight to vacua that are accessed efficiently under time evolution. It is the analogue of the closeness centrality index widely used in network science. The proposed measure enjoys a number of desirable properties. It is simultaneously time-reparametrization invariant, independent of initial conditions, and oblivious to physical vs comoving weighing of pocket universes. Importantly, the proposed measure makes concrete and testable predictions that are largely independent of anthropic reasoning. Firstly, it favors vacua residing in regions of the landscape with funnel-like topography, akin to the energy landscape of naturally-occurring proteins. Secondly, it favors regions of the landscape that are tuned at dynamical criticality, with vacua having an average lifetime of order the de Sitter Page time. Thus the predicted lifetime of our universe is of order its Page time, $\sim 10^{130}$ years, which is compatible with Standard Model estimates for electroweak metastability. Relatedly, the supersymmetry breaking scale should be high, at least $10^{10}$ GeV. The discovery of beyond-the-Standard Model particles at the Large Hadron Collider or future accelerators, including low-scale supersymmetry, would rule out the possibility that our vacuum lies in an optimal region of the landscape. The present framework suggests a correspondence between the near-criticality of our universe and dynamical critical phenomena on the string landscape.
description: 40 pages, 2 figures. v2: Minor edits, references added
Aplidium caelestis Monniot 1987
Creators: name: Kott, Patricia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Aplousobranchia
Polyclinidae
Aplidium
Aplidium caelestis

description: Aplidium caelestis Monniot, 1987
 Aplidium caelestis Monniot 1987, p 517. Kott 1992a, p 528 and synonymy.
 Distribution
Previously recorded (see Kott 1992a): Western Australia (Shark Bay, Mullalloo Beach, Rottnest I., Hillary’s Boat Harbour); South Australia (St Vincent Gulf, Spencer Gulf); Victoria (Bass Strait); New South Wales (Norfolk I.); Queensland (Capricorn Group); New Caledonia; Marianas Is. New record: Queensland (south-eastern coast, QM G321403).
 Description
The newly recorded specimen is a robust, thick slab overgrowing ascidians and other organisms. Sessile common cloacal apertures occur at the junctions of the long canals that are lines on each side. Sand is crowded in the colony, especially in the ridge that protrudes from the surface between the rows of zooids, although it is absent from the surface over the common cloacal canals. In the preserved specimens oval masses of black granular bodies also are in the test between the rows of zooids. Zooids have pale yellow thoraces, yelloworange abdomina, and white posterior abdomina (with two rows of male follicles). The atrial tongue is well separated from the aperture.
 Remarks
Generally the newly recorded colony resembles those previously described. The sandy test, long double rows of yellowish zooids, dark granular bodies, long narrow zooids with conspicuous siphons, separate atrial tongue and a narrow gut loop with a small five-folded stomach appear to be characteristic.
The geographic range of this species, from Western Pacific tropical locations to Australian temperate waters, is vast. It appears to be one of the species that can be said to use the Australian coast as a bridge between tropical and temperate waters.
description: Published as part of Kott, Patricia, 2006, Observations on non-didemnid ascidians from Australian waters (1), pp. 169-234 in Journal of Natural History 40 (3 - 4) on page 204, DOI: 10.1080/00222930600621601, http://zenodo.org/record/5232431
A geometrically based criterion to avoid infimum-gaps in Optimal Control
Creators: name: Palladino, Michele
name: Rampazzo, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49

description: In optimal control theory the expression infimum gap means a strictly negative difference between the infimum value of a given minimum problem and the infimum value of a new problem obtained by the former by extending the original family V of controls to a larger family W. Now, for some classes of domain-extensions -- like convex relaxation or impulsive embedding of unbounded control problems -- the normality of an extended minimizer has been shown to be sufficient for the avoidance of an infimum gaps. A natural issue is then the search of a general hypothesis under which the criterium 'normality implies no gap' holds true. We prove that, far from being a peculiarity of those specific extensions and from requiring the convexity of the extended dynamics, this criterium is valid provided the original family V of controls is abundant in the extended family W. Abundance, which is stronger than the mere C^0-density of the original trajectories in the set of extended trajectories, is a dynamical-topological notion introduced by J. Warga, and is here utilized in a 'non-convex' version which, moreover, is adapted to differential manifolds. To get the main result, which is based on set separation arguments, we prove an open mapping result valid for Quasi-Differential-Quotient (QDQ) approximating cones, a notion of 'tangent cone' resulted as a peculiar specification of H. Sussmann's Approximate-Generalized-Differential-Quotients (AGDQ) approximating cone.
title: Crystal field studies on the heavy fermion compound CeNi₈CuGe₄
Creators: name: Peyker, L.
name: Gold, C.
name: Scheidt, E.-W.
name: Michor, H.
name: Unruh, T.
name: Senyshyn, A.
name: Stockert, O.
name: Scherer, W.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing
Year: 2024

description: Substitution of nickel by copper in the heavy fermion system CeNi₉₋ₓCuₓGe₄ alters the local crystal field environment of the Ce³⁺-ions. This leads to a quantum phase transition near x ≈ 0.4, which is not only driven by the competition between Kondo effect and RKKY interaction, but also by a reduction of an effectively fourfold to a twofold degenerate crystal field ground state. To study the consequences of a changing crystal field in CeNi₈CuGe₄ on its Kondo properties, inelastic neutron scattering (INS) experiments were performed. Two well-defined crystal field transitions were observed in the energy-loss spectra at 4K. The crystal field level scheme determined by neutron spectroscopy is compared with results from specific heat measurements.
Vortices in superfluid trapped Fermi gases at zero temperature
Creators: name: Bruun, G. M.
name: Viverit, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss various aspects of the vortex state of a dilute superfluid atomic Fermi gas at T=0. The energy of the vortex in a trapped gas is calculated and we provide an expression for the thermodynamic critical rotation frequency of the trap for its formation. Furthermore, we propose a method to detect the presence of a vortex by calculating the effect of its associated velocity field on the collective mode spectrum of the gas.
title: Occupation de l'âge du Bronze ancien, ensemble funéraire protohistorique, occupation agricole antique (Languedoc-Roussillon, Gard, Ligne Grande Vitesse, Contournement de Nîmes-Montpellier, Saint-Gervasy, Aubrespin, secteur 25) : rapport de fouille archéologique 2015
title: Documents d'archéologie préventive 2
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Séjalon, Pierre
name: Gaillard, Cyril
Publisher: name: Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap)
Year: 2019

description: La fouille réalisée sur la commune de Saint-Gervasy, lieu-dit Aubrespin, fait partie d’un ensemble important d’opérations généré par la construction de la Ligne à Grande Vitesse entre Nîmes et Montpellier. Malgré la modestie du décapage (un peu moins d’un hectare), les découvertes archéologiques ont le mérite de documenter un secteur peu investi par l’archéologie. Plusieurs phases chronologiques ont été reconnues et toutes témoignent d’occupation peu étendues et de courte durée. À proximité du cours du Vistre et à distance de tout habitat groupé, ces occupations s’apparentent principalement à des établissements ruraux, à l’exception de la Protohistoire, qui se matérialise par cinq enclos circulaires dont la vocation funéraire a pu être interrogée.
Measuring Total Factor Productivity Change for Agricultural Cooperatives in Japan: A Nonparametric Malmquist Indices Approach
Creators: name: Kondo, Katsunobu
name: Yamamoto, Yasutaka
name: Sasaki, Jun
name: Kondo, Katsunobu
name: Yamamoto, Yasutaka
name: Sasaki, Jun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: agricultural cooperatives
subject: Japan
subject: Malmquist indices
subject: technical change
subject: technical efficiency
subject: TFP

description: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the productivity change for agricultural cooperatives in Japan measured by nonparametric outputoriented Malmquist indices of total factor productivity. The productivity change is decomposed into technical change and technical efficiency change. Linear programming techniques are used to calculate the productivity change using a panel data set for 49 agricultural cooperatives located in the paddy-field region of Hokkaido in Japan over the period 1982-1991. The results suggest that the pattern of TFP changes tends to be driven more by improvements in technical efficiency rather than technical progress.
Phonon-mediated superconductivity in strongly correlated electron systems: a Luttinger-Ward functional approach
Creators: name: Secchi, Andrea
name: Polini, Marco
name: Katsnelson, Mikhail I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a Luttinger-Ward functional approach to study the problem of phonon-mediated superconductivity in electron systems with strong electron-electron interactions (EEIs). Our derivation does not rely on an expansion in skeleton diagrams for the EEI and the resulting theory is therefore nonperturbative in the strength of the latter. We show that one of the building blocks of the theory is the irreducible six-leg vertex related to EEIs. Diagrammatically, this implies five contributions (one of the Fock and four of the Hartree type) to the electronic self-energy, which, to the best of our knowledge, have never been discussed in the literature. Our approach is applicable to (and in fact designed to tackle superconductivity in) strongly correlated electron systems described by generic lattice models, as long as the glue for electron pairing is provided by phonons.
description: To be published in the special issue of Annals of Physics "Eliashberg-90" dedicated to Gerasim (Sima) Eliashberg
Aplidium clivosum Kott 1992
Creators: name: Kott, Patricia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Aplousobranchia
Polyclinidae
Aplidium
Aplidium clivosum

description: Aplidium clivosum Kott, 1992
(Figure 10F)
 Aplidium clivosum Kott 1992a, p 530 and synonymy.
 Distribution
Previously recorded (see Kott 1992a): Western Australia (from Port Hedland to Hamelin Bay on the south-western coast); South Australia (Great Australian Bight to Nuyts and Eyre Peninsulas, Kangaroo I., Gulf St Vincent); New South Wales (Jervis Bay); Queensland (Capricorn Group). New record: Tasmania (Forestier Peninsula, 8–15 m, SAM E3390).
 Description
The newly recorded specimen has the characteristic appearance of these large, conspicuous cushion- to tabular-shaped colonies, with a more or less horizontal upper surface where rows of zooids are along each side of common cloacal canals converging to large protuberant common cloacal apertures. Rounded marginal elevations on the upper surface surround each large cloacal system as well as the outside margin of the colony. The sides of the colonies are encrusted with sand, which also is present throughout the test, absent only from around the thoraces along each side of the shallow radial common cloacal canals. The sand can be seen in radial lines intruding in toward the common cloacal apertures between the double rows of zooids.
Zooids are distinctive with conspicuous sphincter muscles, a large atrial lip well removed from the apertures and five gastric folds. Colonies are invariably some shade of pink to red.
 Remarks
 Other species with similar systems depressed into the upper surface of the colony and similar zooids with conspicuous siphonal muscles and separate atrial tongues are A. cratiferum (Sluiter, 1909) and A. grisiatum Kott, 1998. The former can only be distinguished by its cloacal systems with the zooids opening around a central cavity rather than along each side of converging canals. The latter can be distinguished only by its more numerous gastric folds. Many of the Aplidium spp. (see Kott 1992a) have similar zooids to the present species, with conspicuous sphincters, separate atrial apertures and five stomach folds, but they have long, branched or circular common cloacal canals rather than central chambers or cavities or radial canals.
 Species in other genera, namely the temperate Aplidiopsis mammillata Kott, 1992a, and the tropical Synoicum castellatum Kott, 1992a, also have similar colonies, although the latter has cloacal systems more like A. cratiferum and both are readily distinguished by their generic characters.
 The present species, unlike A. caelestis, appears to be an indigenous Australian species. It has been recorded from temperate locations more often than from the tropics, although it does extend up both the western and eastern coast of Australia.
description: Published as part of Kott, Patricia, 2006, Observations on non-didemnid ascidians from Australian waters (1), pp. 169-234 in Journal of Natural History 40 (3 - 4) on pages 204-205, DOI: 10.1080/00222930600621601, http://zenodo.org/record/5232431
An Efficient Iterative Method for Solving Multiple Scattering in Locally Inhomogeneous Media
Creators: name: Xie, Ziqing
name: Zhang, Rui
name: Wang, Bo
name: Wang, Li-lian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, an efficient iterative method is proposed for solving multiple scattering problem in locally inhomogeneous media. The key idea is to enclose the inhomogeneity of the media by well separated artificial boundaries and then apply purely outgoing wave decomposition for the scattering field outside the enclosed region. As a result, the original multiple scattering problem can be decomposed into a finite number of single scattering problems, where each of them communicates with the other scattering problems only through its surrounding artificial boundary. Accordingly, they can be solved in a parallel manner at each iteration. This framework enjoys a great flexibility in using different combinations of iterative algorithms and single scattering problem solvers. The spectral element method seamlessly integrated with the non-reflecting boundary condition and the GMRES iteration is advocated and implemented in this work. The convergence of the proposed method is proved by using the compactness of involved integral operators. Ample numerical examples are presented to show its high accuracy and efficiency.
description: 30 pages
The Classical Double Copy of a Point Charge
Creators: name: Kim, Kwangeon
name: Lee, Kanghoon
name: Monteiro, Ricardo
name: Nicholson, Isobel
name: Veiga, David Peinador
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical double copy relates solutions to the equations of motion in gauge theory and in gravity. In this paper, we present two double-copy formalisms for relating the Coulomb solution in gauge theory to the two-parameter Janis-Newman-Winicour solution in gravity. The latter is a static, spherically symmetric, asymptotically flat solution that generically includes a dilaton field, but also admits the Schwarzschild solution as a special case. We first present the classical double copy as a perturbative construction, similar to its formulation for scattering amplitudes, and then present it as an exact map, with a novel generalisation of the Kerr-Schild double copy motivated by double field theory. The latter formalism exhibits the relation between the Kerr-Schild classical double copy and the string theory origin of the double copy for scattering amplitudes.
description: 24 pages. v2: minor changes, published version
Phase Behavior of Bent-Core Molecules
Creators: name: Lansac, Yves
name: Maiti, Prabal K.
name: Clark, Noel A.
name: Glaser, Matthew A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a new class of smectic liquid crystal phases (SmCP phases) characterized by the spontaneous formation of macroscopic chiral domains from achiral bent-core molecules has been discovered. We have carried out Monte Carlo simulations of a minimal hard spherocylinder dimer model to investigate the role of excluded volume interations in determining the phase behavior of bent-core materials and to probe the molecular origins of polar and chiral symmetry breaking. We present the phase diagram as a function of pressure or density and dimer opening angle $ψ$. With decreasing $ψ$, a transition from a nonpolar to a polar smectic phase is observed near $ψ= 167^{\circ}$, and the nematic phase becomes thermodynamically unstable for $ψ< 135^{\circ}$. No chiral smectic or biaxial nematic phases were found.
description: 4 pages Revtex, 3 eps figures (included)
The Morphological Butcher-Oemler effect in the SDSS Cut&Enhance Galaxy Cluster Catalog
Creators: name: Goto, Tomotsugu
name: Okamura, Sadanori
name: Yagi, Masafumi
name: Sheth, Ravi K.
name: Bahcall, Neta A.
name: Zabel, Shane A.
name: Crouch, Michael S.
name: Annis, James
name: Bernardi, Mariangela
name: Chong, Shang-Shan
name: Gomez, Percy L.
name: Hansen, Sarah
name: Kim, Rita S. J.
name: Knudson, Adam
name: Mckay, Timothy A.
name: Miller, Christopher J.
name: Sekiguchi, Maki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the evolution of the fractions of late type cluster galaxies as a function of redshift, using one of the largest, most uniform cluster samples available. The sample consists of 514 clusters of galaxies in the range 0.02
description: 44 pages, 15 figures, accepted for PASJ
Polaron self-trapping in a honeycomb net
Creators: name: Zoli, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small polaron behavior in a two dimensional honeycomb net is studied by applying the strong coupling perturbative method to the Holstein molecular crystal model. We find that small optical polarons can be mobile also if the electrons are strongly coupled to the lattice. Before the polarons localize and become very heavy, there is infact a window of {\it e-ph} couplings in which the polarons are small and have masses of order $\simeq 5 - 50$ times the bare band mass according to the value of the adiabaticity parameter. The 2D honeycomb net favors the mobility of small optical polarons in comparison with the square lattice.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, to appear in J.Phys.:Condensed Matter {PACS: 63.10.+a, 63.20.Dj, 71.38.+i}
Aplidium formosum Kott 2006, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Kott, Patricia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Aplousobranchia
Polyclinidae
Aplidium
Aplidium formosum

description: Aplidium formosum sp. nov.
(Figure 6A–E)
 Distribution
 Type locality. South Australia (Port Adelaide, pylon 3, 3 m, holotype SAM E2899).
 Description
 The holotype is a wedge-shaped gelatinous colony to 2 cm high, with the upper surface partially divided into lobes. It is pinkish in preservative although the colour (which is caused by pigment in the body wall of the zooids) fades to colourless and translucent towards the base of the colony. The Aplidium colony mingles with, and possibly is being overgrown by, a colony of Botrylloides leachii. Small, crowded, thread-like zooids open on to the flat surface of the Aplidium colony. Their arrangement is obscure. They have a short six-lobed branchial aperture and an antero-dorsal atrial aperture with a pointed tongue from the anterior rim of the opening. Eight rows of relatively long rectangular stigmata are in the branchial sac. The gut loop is about the same length as the thorax. The stomach has 16 parallel folds. A large ovary with up to seven eggs is at the top of the long posterior abdomen anterior to the double row of testis follicles. Up to eight embryos are in a developmental sequence in the narrow atrial cavity, the most advanced at the top near the atrial aperture.
The larval trunk (to 0.4 mm long) is almost cylindrical and the tail is wound around it about two-thirds of the way. The larval pharynx has two rows, each of about eight stigmata per side and the gut forms a horizontal loop behind the pharynx. About six epidermal vesicles project from small conical median ampullae that alternate with the adhesive organs but regress and disappear as the vesicles separate from them. Patches of about six vesicles are also suspended in the larval test in the median line behind the upper and the lower adhesive organs, respectively.
 Remarks
 The zooids of the present species are shorter than the thread-like zooids of many Aplidium spp. but the stigmata are relatively long. The zooids of the present species resemble those of Aplidium rosarium Kott, 1992a, having similar numbers of stigmata in a similar number of rows, its larvae lined up in the atrial cavity and clumps of antero-median vesicles in the larval test alternating with the adhesive organs. However, A. rosarium also has lateral larval vesicles, which are not in the larvae of the present species.
description: Published as part of Kott, Patricia, 2006, Observations on non-didemnid ascidians from Australian waters (1), pp. 169-234 in Journal of Natural History 40 (3 - 4) on pages 205-207, DOI: 10.1080/00222930600621601, http://zenodo.org/record/5232431
MOESM2 of Examining the effectiveness of general practitioner and nurse promotion of electronic cigarettes versus standard care for smoking reduction and abstinence in hardcore smokers with smoking-related chronic disease: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Begh, Rachna
name: Coleman, Tim
name: Yardley, Lucy
name: Barnes, Rebecca
name: Naughton, Felix
name: Gilbert, Hazel
name: Ferrey, Anne
name: Madigan, Claire
name: Williams, Nicola
name: Hamilton, Louisa
name: Warren, Yolanda
name: Grabey, Jenna
name: Clark, Miranda
name: Dickinson, Anne
name: Aveyard, Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. SPIRIT checklist.
Coherent Control of the Non-instantaneous Nonlinear Power-law Response in Resonant Nanostructures
Creators: name: Bahar, Eyal
name: Arieli, Uri
name: Mrejen, Michael
name: Suchowski, Haim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally demonstrate coherent control of the nonlinear response of optical second harmonic generation in resonant nanostructures beyond the weak-field regime. Contrary to common perception, we show that maximizing the intensity of the pulse does not yield the strongest nonlinear power-law response. We show this effect emerges from the temporally asymmetric photo-induced response in a resonant mediated non-instantaneous interaction. We develop a novel theoretical approach which captures the photoinduced nonlinearities in resonant nanostructures beyond the two photon description and give an intuitive picture to the observed non-instantaneous phenomena.
Additional file 2 of Centromeric cohesion failure invokes a conserved choreography of chromosomal mis-segregations in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor
Creators: name: Quevedo, Rene
name: Spreafico, Anna
name: Bruce, Jeff
name: Danesh, Arnavaz
name: El Ghamrasni, Samah
name: Giesler, Amanda
name: Hanna, Youstina
name: Have, Cherry
name: Li, Tiantian
name: Yang, S. Y. Cindy
name: Zhang, Tong
name: Asa, Sylvia L.
name: Haibe-Kains, Benjamin
name: Krzyzanowska, Monika
name: Smith, Adam C.
name: Singh, Simron
name: Siu, Lillian L.
name: Pugh, Trevor J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Supplementary methods for the manuscript.
Model of Strongly Correlated 2D Fermi Liquids Based on Fermion-Condensation Quantum Phase Transition
Creators: name: Shaginyan, V. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theory of strongly correlated electron or hole liquids with the fermion condensate is presented and applied to the consideration of quasiparticle excitations in high temperature superconductors, in their superconducting and normal states. This theory describes maximum values of the superconducting gap which can be as big as $Δ_1\sim 0.1ε_F$, with $ε_F$ being the Fermi level. We show that the critical temperature $2T_c\simeqΔ_1$. If there exists the pseudogap above $T_c$ then $2T^*\simeqΔ_1$, and $T^*$ is the temperature at which the pseudogap vanishes. A discontinuity in the specific heat at $T_c$ is calculated. The transition from conventional superconductors to high-$T_c$ ones as a function of the doping level is investigated. The single-particle excitations and their lineshape are also considered. Analyzing experimental data on the high temperature superconductivity in different materials induced by field-effect doping, we show that all these facts can be understood within a theory of the superconductivity based on the fermion condensation quantum phase transition, which can be conceived of as a universal cause of the superconductivity. The main features of room-temperature superconductors are outlined.
description: 16 pages, Revtex
Aplidium opacum Kott 1963
Creators: name: Kott, Patricia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Aplousobranchia
Polyclinidae
Aplidium
Aplidium opacum

description: Aplidium opacum Kott, 1963
 Aplidium opacum Kott 1963, p 108 and synonymy.
 Distribution
Previously recorded (see Kott 1992a): Western Australia (Rockingham); South Australia (Great Australian Bight to Spencer and St Vincent Gulfs, Yorke Peninsula); Tasmania (Fluted Cape); Victoria (Balnarring Beach, Westernport); New South Wales (Port Hacking). New record: Victoria (Western Port).
 Remarks
The newly recorded specimen has the characteristic zooids (with short abdomina and about 20 stomach folds) in crowded double rows along branching common cloacal canals. The species appears to be an Australian indigenous species known only from the temperate half of the continent.
description: Published as part of Kott, Patricia, 2006, Observations on non-didemnid ascidians from Australian waters (1), pp. 169-234 in Journal of Natural History 40 (3 - 4) on pages 207-208, DOI: 10.1080/00222930600621601, http://zenodo.org/record/5232431
Attractive Interaction between Fully Charged Lipid Bilayers in a Strongly-Confined Geometry
Creators: name: Mukhina, Tetiana
name: Hemmerle, Arnaud
name: Rondelli, Valeria
name: Gerelli, Yuri
name: Fragneto, Giovanna
name: Daillant, Jean
name: Charitat, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the interaction between highly charged lipid bilayers in the presence of monovalent counterions. Neutron and X-ray reflectivity experiments show that the water layer between like-charged bilayers is thinner than for zwitterionic lipids, demonstrating the existence of counterintuitive electrostatic attractive interaction between bilayers. Such attraction can be explained by taking into account the correlations between counterions within the Strong Coupling limit, which falls beyond the classical Poisson-Boltzmann theory of electrostatics. Our results show the limit of the Strong Coupling continuous theory in a highly confined geometry and are in agreement with a decrease in the water dielectric constant due to a surface charge-induced orientation of water molecules.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, Supplementary informations, submitted to Journal of Physical Chemistry
MOESM3 of Examining the effectiveness of general practitioner and nurse promotion of electronic cigarettes versus standard care for smoking reduction and abstinence in hardcore smokers with smoking-related chronic disease: protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Begh, Rachna
name: Coleman, Tim
name: Yardley, Lucy
name: Barnes, Rebecca
name: Naughton, Felix
name: Gilbert, Hazel
name: Ferrey, Anne
name: Madigan, Claire
name: Williams, Nicola
name: Hamilton, Louisa
name: Warren, Yolanda
name: Grabey, Jenna
name: Clark, Miranda
name: Dickinson, Anne
name: Aveyard, Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Participant decision enrolment tree.
The Random Fuse Network as a Dipolar Magnet
Creators: name: Barthelemy, Marc
name: da Silveira, Rava
name: Orland, Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce an approximate mapping between the random fuse network (RFN) and a random field dipolar Ising model (RFDIM). The state of the network damage is associated with a metastable spin configuration. A mean-field treatment, numerical solutions, and heuristic arguments support the broad validity of the approximation and yield a generic phase diagram. At low disorder, the growth of a single unstable `crack' leads to an abrupt global failure. Beyond a critical disorder, the conducting network sustains significant damage before the coalescence of cracks results in global failure.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Minnesota Agricultural Economist No. 597
Creators: name: Houck, James P.
name: Pearson, Daniel
name: Kinsey, Jean D.
name: Hammond, Jerome W.
name: Houck, James P.
name: Pearson, Daniel
name: Kinsey, Jean D.
name: Hammond, Jerome W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1978
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Crop Reports: Any Effect on Prices?; Changes in Food Prices Affect Household Unevenly
Neural stem cells traffic functional mitochondria via extracellular vesicles
Creators: name: Peruzzotti-Jametti, Luca
name: Bernstock, Joshua D.
name: Willis, Cory M.
name: Manferrari, Giulia
name: Rogall, Rebecca
name: Fernandez-Vizarra, Erika
name: Williamson, James C.
name: Braga, Alice
name: Van Den Bosch, Aletta
name: Leonardi, Tommaso
name: Krzak, Grzegorz
name: Kittel, Ágnes
name: Benincá, Cristiane
name: Vicario, Nunzio
name: Tan, Sisareuth
name: Bastos, Carlos
name: Bicci, Iacopo
name: Iraci, Nunzio
name: Smith, Jayden A.
name: Peacock, Ben
name: Muller, Karin H.
name: Lehner, Paul J.
name: Buzas, Edit Iren
name: Faria, Nuno
name: Zeviani, Massimo
name: Frezza, Christian
name: Brisson, Alain
name: Matheson, Nicholas J.
name: Viscomi, Carlo
name: Pluchino, Stefano
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article
Biology and life sciences
Medicine and health sciences
Research and analysis methods

description: Neural stem cell (NSC) transplantation induces recovery in animal models of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Although the replacement of lost endogenous cells was originally proposed as the primary healing mechanism of NSC grafts, it is now clear that transplanted NSCs operate via multiple mechanisms, including the horizontal exchange of therapeutic cargoes to host cells via extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are membrane particles trafficking nucleic acids, proteins, metabolites and metabolic enzymes, lipids, and entire organelles. However, the function and the contribution of these cargoes to the broad therapeutic effects of NSCs are yet to be fully understood. Mitochondrial dysfunction is an established feature of several inflammatory and degenerative CNS disorders, most of which are potentially treatable with exogenous stem cell therapeutics. Herein, we investigated the hypothesis that NSCs release and traffic functional mitochondria via EVs to restore mitochondrial function in target cells. Untargeted proteomics revealed a significant enrichment of mitochondrial proteins spontaneously released by NSCs in EVs. Morphological and functional analyses confirmed the presence of ultrastructurally intact mitochondria within EVs with conserved membrane potential and respiration. We found that the transfer of these mitochondria from EVs to mtDNA-deficient L929 Rho0 cells rescued mitochondrial function and increased Rho0 cell survival. Furthermore, the incorporation of mitochondria from EVs into inflammatory mononuclear phagocytes restored normal mitochondrial dynamics and cellular metabolism and reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory markers in target cells. When transplanted in an animal model of multiple sclerosis, exogenous NSCs actively transferred mitochondria to mononuclear phagocytes and induced a significant amelioration of clinical deficits. Our data provide the first evidence that NSCs deliver functional mitochondria to target cells via EVs, paving the way for the development of novel (a)cellular approaches aimed at restoring mitochondrial dysfunction not only in multiple sclerosis, but also in degenerative neurological diseases.
A method for the experimental measurement of bulk and shear loss angles in amorphous thin films
Creators: name: Vajente, Gabriele
name: Fazio, Mariana
name: Yang, Le
name: Gupta, Anchal
name: Ananyeva, Alena
name: Billingsley, Garilynn
name: Menoni, Carmen S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brownian thermal noise is a limiting factor for the sensitivity of many high precision metrology applications, among other gravitational-wave detectors. The origin of Brownian noise can be traced down to internal friction in the amorphous materials that are used for the high reflection coatings. To properly characterize the internal friction in an amorphous material, one needs to consider separately the bulk and shear losses. In most of previous works the two loss angles were considered equal, although without any first principle motivation. In this work we present a method that can be used to extract the material bulk and shear loss angles, based on current state-of-the-art coating ring-down measurement systems. We also show that for titania-doped tantala, a material commonly used in gravitational-wave detector coatings, the experimental data strongly favor a model with two different and distinct loss angles, over the simpler case of one single loss angle.
Supplementary 2 - Literature Review Search Strategy
Creators: name: Lee, Yin Jien
name: Taft, Anita
name: Moua, Melody
name: Stevenson, David
name: Darmstadt, Gary
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2025
Subjects: preeclampsia, aspirin, pregnancy, decision, adherence, causal, systems thinking

description: Preeclampsia is a form of gestational hypertension that usually appears after the 20th week of pregnancy. Evidence suggests that low-dose aspirin (LDA) effectively prevents the onset of preeclampsia, but the uptake rate remains low. This scoping review aims to synthesize and integrate existing knowledge domains relevant to factors which influence women’s medication decisions during pregnancy, and to develop a causal explanation for at-risk women’s LDA uptake decisions. We introduced systems thinking to map the variables and develop causal loops to show variable interactions and causal explanations guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior. We extracted 64 variables, grouped into provider- (n=19), patient- (n=39), and system-level (n=7) factors. By identifying variable interactions, we built a theory to explain various causal pathways leading to LDA treatment uptake. Mapping the variables and supporting the relationships of these variables with theories and concepts increases our study’s generalizability to medication decisions for other pregnancy complications.
Supplementary 3 - Basic Information of Selected Papers
Creators: name: Lee, Yin Jien
name: Taft, Anita
name: Moua, Melody
name: Stevenson, David
name: Darmstadt, Gary
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2025
Subjects: preeclampsia, aspirin, pregnancy, decision, adherence, causal, systems thinking

description: Basic information about the selected studies in the scoping review entitled "Integrating Evidence and Causal Mapping of Factors Which Influence Medication-taking Behavior of Pregnant Women at Risk of Hypertensive Disorder", including title, author’s name(s), published year, geographic location, paper type, and population characteristics.
The Environment of Passive Spiral Galaxies in the SDSS
Creators: name: Goto, Tomotsugu
name: Okamura, Sadanori
name: Sekiguchi, Maki
name: Bernardi, Mariangela
name: Brinkmann, Jon.
name: Gomez, Percy L.
name: Harvanek, Michael
name: Kleinman, Scot. J.
name: Krzesinski, Jurek
name: Long, Dan
name: Loveday, Jon
name: Miller, Christopher J.
name: Neilsen, Eric H.
name: Newman, Peter R.
name: Nitta, Atsuko
name: Sheth, Ravi K.
name: Snedden, Stephanie A.
name: Yamauchi, Chisato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In previous work on galaxy clusters, several authors reported a discovery of an unusual population of galaxies, which have spiral morphologies, but do not show any star formation activity. These galaxies are called ``passive spirals'', and have been interesting since it has been difficult to understand the existence of such galaxies. Using a volume limited sample (0.05
description: 31 pages, 13 figures, PASJ in press
Propuesta metodológica para la elaboración de una normativa técnica de valoración catastral rústica
Creators: name: MOLINA, MANUEL G. ALCÁZAR
name: ORDEN, MANUEL SÁNCHEZ DE LA
name: MOLINA, MANUEL G. ALCÁZAR
name: ORDEN, MANUEL SÁNCHEZ DE LA
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Catastro
subject: valoración
subject: economía agraria
subject: Cadastre
subject: valuation
subject: agricultural economy

description: Se realiza una exposición breve de la situación actual de la valoración catastral rústica en España, analizando las diferentes motivaciones que obligan a la elaboración de un nuevo procedimiento : valores catastrales muy alejados de los de mercado, mínima recaudación a través del IBI de naturaleza rústica, imposibilidad de utilización de los valores catastrales para otras aplicaciones, etc. Acto seguido se presenta una propuesta de normativa técnica de valoración catastral del suelo de naturaleza rústica, ajustada a la legislación vigente, de acuerdo con las necesidades de las diferentes Administraciones implicadas en la elaboración, conservación y gestión del Catastro.......The article shows briefty the actual situation of the rustic cadastral valuation in Spain, analysing the different motivations which make us to be obliged to create a new procedure: cadastral values far away from market values, minimum recovery by the IBI of rustic nature, the inability to use cadastral values for other applications, etc. After that, we found a proposal of technical regulation for a cadastral valuation of the rustic ground, according to the valid legislation, in order to the needs of the different Administrations which have been implicated in the elaboration, conservation and management of the cadastre.
The MIRAB Model of Small Island Economies in the Pacific and their Security Issues: Revised Version
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clem
name: Tisdell, Clem
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Aid
subject: economics of small island nations
subject: migration
subject: MIRAB model
subject: Nauru
subject: Pacific island microstates
subject: sea level rise
subject: remittances.

description: The MIRAB model of Pacific island micro-economies was developed in the mid-1980s by the New Zealand economists, Bertram and Watters, and dominated the literature on the economics of small island nations and economies until alternative models were proposed two decades later. Nevertheless, it is still an influential theory. MIRAB is an acronym for migration (MI), remittance (R) and foreign aid (A) and the public bureaucracy (B); the main components of the MIRAB model. The nature of this model is explained and the importance of distinguishing between the two processes involved in it (one based on foreign aid and the other on overseas remittance) is emphasised. Evidence is given of the importance of migration and overseas remittance for the functioning of some Pacific island microstates, such as Tonga. Yet, it is argued that no single model adequately typifies the economic situations of Pacific microstates and micro-economies because of their diversity. Even economies that have been classified as MIRAB economies can be very different. The newer TOURAB, SITE and PROFIT models have similar limitations. In order to understand adequately the economic situation of Pacific island microstates (including their economic vulnerability, their sustainability, and political merchantabilities), it is necessary to adopt a more holistic approach which takes account of historical, cultural and environmental factors. This is illustrated by the case of Nauru.
TESS first look at evolved compact pulsators : Discovery and asteroseismic probing of the g-mode hot B subdwarf pulsator EC 21494-7018
Creators: name: Charpinet, S.
name: Brassard, P.
name: Fontaine, G.
name: Van Grootel, V.
name: Zong, W.
name: Giammichele, N.
name: Heber, U.
name: Bognár, Zs.
name: Geier, S.
name: Green, E. M.
name: Hermes, J. J.
name: Kilkenny, D.
name: Østensen, R. H.
name: Pelisoli, I.
name: Silvotti, R.
name: Telting, J. H.
name: Vučković, M.
name: Worters, H. L.
name: Baran, A. S.
name: Bell, K. J.
name: Bradley, P. A.
name: Debes, J. H.
name: Kawaler, S. D.
name: Kołaczek-Szymański, P.
name: Murphy, S. J.
name: Pigulski, A.
name: Sódor, À.
name: Uzundag, M.
name: Handberg, R.
name: Kjeldsen, H.
name: Ricker, G. R.
name: Vanderspek, R. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery and asteroseismic analysis of a new g-mode hot B subdwarf (sdB) pulsator, EC 21494-7018 (TIC 278659026), monitored in TESS first sector using 120-second cadence. The light curve analysis reveals that EC 21494-7018 is a sdB pulsator counting up to 20 frequencies associated with independent g-modes. The seismic analysis singles out an optimal model solution in full agreement with independent measurements provided by spectroscopy (atmospheric parameters derived from model atmospheres) and astrometry (distance evaluated from Gaia DR2 trigonometric parallax). Several key parameters of the star are derived. Its mass (0.391 +/- 0.009 Msun) is significantly lower than the typical mass of sdB stars, and suggests that its progenitor has not undergone the He-core flash, and therefore could originate from a massive (>2 Msun) red giant, an alternative channel for the formation of hot B subdwarfs. Other derived parameters include the H-rich envelope mass (0.0037 +/- 0.0010 Msun), radius (0.1694 +/- 0.0081 Rsun), and luminosity (8.2+/-1.1 Lsun). The optimal model fit has a double-layered He+H composition profile, which we interpret as an incomplete but ongoing process of gravitational settling of helium at the bottom of a thick H-rich envelope. Moreover, the derived properties of the core indicate that EC 21494-7018 has burnt ~43% (in mass) of its central helium and possesses a relatively large mixed core (Mcore = 0.198 +/- 0.010 Msun), in line with trends already uncovered from other g-mode sdB pulsators analysed with asteroseismology. Finally, we obtain for the first time an estimate of the amount of oxygen (in mass; X(O)core = 0.16 -0.05 +0.13) produced at this stage of evolution by an helium-burning core. This result, along with the core-size estimate, is an interesting constraint that may help to narrow down the still uncertain C12(alpha,gamma)O16 nuclear reaction rate.
description: Published in A&A
Bunching of Fractionally-Charged Quasiparticles Tunneling through High Potential Barriers
Creators: name: Comforti, E.
name: Chung, Y. C.
name: Heiblum, M.
name: Umansky, V.
name: Mahalu, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shot noise measurements were recently exploited to measure the charge of the quasiparticles in the Fractional Quantum Hall (FQH) regime. For fractional filling factors nu=1/3 and 2/5 of the first Landau level, fractional charges q=e/3 and e/5, respectively, were measured. We investigate here the interaction of e/3 quasiparticles with a strong backscatterer and find unexpected results. When a weak backscatterer is introduced in the path of an otherwise noiseless current of quasiparticles, stochastic partitioning of the quasiparticles takes place and shot noise proportional to their charge appears. Specifically, at nu=1/3, noise corresponding to q=e/3 appears. However, the measured charge increases monotonically as backscattering becomes stronger, approaching asymptotically q=e. In other words, only electrons, or alternatively, three bunched quasiparticles, tunnel through high potential barriers when impinged by a noiseless current of quasiparticles. Here we show that such bunching of quasiparticles by a strong backscatterer depends on the average occupation (dilution) of the impinging quasiparticle current. For a very dilute impinging current, bunching ceases altogether and the transferred charge approaches q=e/3. These surprising results prove that a sparse beam of quasiparticles, each with charge e/3, tunnel through high potential barriers, originally thought to be opaque for them.
description: 5 figures