cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chōsen Ryūkyū zenzu
朝鮮琉球全圖
Creators: name: Hayashi, Shihei, 1738-1793
Publisher: name: [place of publication unknown : publisher not identified]
Year: 2015

description: In: 蝦夷地繪圖 Ezochi ezu [s.l. : s.n., late Edo : (18--)]. Cover attached; title from cover. Contents: 蝦夷國圖説 Ezo no kuni zusetsu (Explanation of the map of Ezo); 朝鮮國 Chōsenkoku (Map of Korea); 朝鮮國圖説 Chōsenkoku zusetsu (Explanation of the map of Korea); 琉球三省并三十六嶌全圖 Ryūkyū sanshō narabini sanjūrokutō zenzu (Map of the three provinces and the thirty-six islands of Ryukyu); 琉球三省三十六島圖説 Ryūkyū sanshō sanjūrokutō zusetsu (Explanation of the map of the three provinces and the thirty-six islands of Ryukyu). This atlas is an imitation of Hayashi’s book and maps, 1785 (Beans’ 1785, 1785.3, 1785.4). Cited in: WSN; 306.
Closed String Tachyons in Non-supersymmetric Heterotic Theories
Creators: name: Suyama, Takao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate partition functions for supersymmetric heterotic theories on Melvin background with Wilson line. These functions coincide with partition functions for some of non-supersymmetric heterotic theories in appropriate limits. This suggests that non-supersymmetric heterotic theories are equivalent to supersymmetric theories on supersymmetry-breaking backgrounds, just as in the case of recently conjectured IIA-0A duality.
description: 15 pages, references added
Off-shell pions in Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck transport theory
Creators: name: Larionov, A. B.
name: Mosel, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to large pi N --> Delta cross section a pion acquires a large width in nuclear matter. Therefore, a Delta-resonance decaying in the nuclear medium can produce far off-shell pions, which will gradually lose their virtuality while propagating to the vacuum. To describe such off-shell dynamics, we implemented a pion spectral function for finite nuclear matter density -- calculated on the basis of the Delta-hole model -- in the BUU transport approach. The pion off-shell dynamics leads to an enhancement of the low-p_t pion yields in the collisions of Au+Au at 1 A GeV.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures; kaon results are postponed for future publication; version to appear in Phys. Rev. C
Lattice models that realize $\mathbb{Z}_n$-1-symmetry protected topological states for even $n$
Creators: name: Tsui, Lokman
name: Wen, Xiao-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Higher symmetries can emerge at low energies in a topologically ordered state with no symmetry, when some topological excitations have very high energy scales while other topological excitations have low energies. The low energy properties of topological orders in this limit, with the emergent higher symmetries, may be described by higher symmetry protected topological order. This motivates us, as a simplest example, to study a lattice model of $\mathbb{Z}_n$-1-symmetry protected topological (1-SPT) states in 3+1D for even $n$. We write down an exactly solvable lattice model and study its boundary transformation. On the boundary, we show the existence of anyons with non-trivial self-statistics. For the $n=2$ case, where the bulk classification is given by an integer $m$ mod $4$, we show that the boundary can be gapped with double semion topological order for $m=1$ and toric code for $m=2$. The bulk ground state wavefunction amplitude is given in terms of the linking numbers of loops in the dual lattice. Our construction can be generalized to arbitrary 1-SPT protected by finite unitary symmetry.
description: published version. 30 pages, 35 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1812.02517
Three-jet cross sections in hadron-hadron collisions at next-to-leading order
Creators: name: Nagy, Zoltan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new QCD event generator for hadron collider which can calculate one-, two- and three-jet cross sections at next-to-leading order accuracy. In this letter we study the transverse energy spectrum of three-jet hadronic events using the kT algorithm. We show that the next-to-leading order correction significantly reduces the renormalization and factorization scale dependence of the three-jet cross section.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, REVTEX4
How to correct small quantum errors
Creators: name: Keyl, M.
name: Werner, R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theory of quantum error correction is a cornerstone of quantum information processing. It shows that quantum data can be protected against decoherence effects, which otherwise would render many of the new quantum applications practically impossible. In this paper we give a self contained introduction to this theory and to the closely related concept of quantum channel capacities. We show, in particular, that it is possible (using appropriate error correcting schemes) to send a non-vanishing amount of quantum data undisturbed (in a certain asymptotic sense) through a noisy quantum channel T, provided the errors produced by T are small enough.
description: LaTeX2e, 23 pages, 6 figures (3 eps, 3 pstricks)
Palmitic acid methyl ester and its relation to control of tone of human visceral arteries and rat aortas by perivascular adipose tissue
Creators: name: Wang, Ning
name: Kuczmanski, Artur
name: Dubrovska, Galyna
name: Gollasch, Maik
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: XE991
subject: adipocyte-derived relaxing factor (ADRF)
subject: perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT)
subject: KCNQ channels
subject: K-v channels
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) exerts anti-contractile effects on visceral arteries by release of various perivascular relaxing factors (PVRFs) and opening voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channels in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Palmitic acid methyl ester (PAME) has been proposed as transferable PVRF in rat aorta. Here, we studied PVAT regulation of arterial tone of human mesenteric arteries and clarified the contribution of Kv channels and PAME in the effects. Methods: Wire myography was used to measure vasocontractions of mesenteric artery rings from patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Isolated aortic rings from Sprague-Dawley rats were studied for comparison. PVAT was either left intact or removed from the arterial rings. Vasocontractions were induced by external high K+ (60mM), serotonin (5-HT) or phenylephrine. PAME (10 nM−3μM) was used as vasodilator. Kv channels were blocked by XE991, a Kv7 (KCNQ) channel inhibitor, or by 4-aminopyridine, a non-specific Kv channel inhibitor. PAME was measured in bathing solutions incubated with rat peri-aortic or human visceral adipose tissue. Results: We found that PVAT displayed anti-contractile effects in both human mesenteric arteries and rat aortas. The anti-contractile effects were inhibited by XE991 (30μM). PAME (EC50 ∼1.4μM) was capable to produce relaxations of PVAT-removed rat aortas. These effects were abolished by XE991 (30μM), but not 4-aminopyridine (2mM) or NDGA (10μM), a lipoxygenases inhibitor. The cytochrome P450 epoxygenase inhibitor 17-octadecynoic acid (ODYA 10μM) and the soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor 12-(3-adamantan-1-ylureido)-dodecanoic acid (AUDA 10μM) slightly decreased PAME relaxations. PAME up to 10μM failed to induce relaxations of PVAT-removed human mesenteric arteries. 5-HT induced endogenous PAME release from rat peri-aortic adipose tissue, but not from human visceral adipose tissue.
Effects of the general relativistic spin precessions on the habitability of rogue planets orbiting supermassive black holes
Creators: name: Iorio, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the possibility that several starless telluric planets may form around supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and receive an energy input from the hole's accretion disk, which, under certain plausible circumstances, may make them habitable in a terrestrial sense, has gained increasing attention. In particular, an observer on a planet orbiting at distance $r=100$ Schwarzschild radii from a maximally rotating Kerr SMBH with mass $M_\bullet = 1\times 10^8\,M_\odot$ in a plane slightly outside the equator of the latter, would see the gravitationally lensed accretion disk the same size as the Sun as seen from the Earth. Moreover, the accretion rate might be imagined to be set in such a way that the apparent disk's temperature would be identical to that of the solar surface. We demonstrate that the post-Newtonian (pN) de Sitter and Lense--Thirring precessions of the spin axis of such a world would rapidly change, among other things, its tilt, $\varepsilon$, to its orbital plane by tens to hundreds of degrees over a time span of, say, just $Δt =400\,\mathrm{yr}$, strongly depending on the obliquity $η_\bullet$ of the SMBH's spin to the orbital plane. Thus, such relativistic features would have per se a relevant impact on the long-term habitability of the considered planet. Other scenarios are examined as well.
description: LaTex2e, 19 pages, 7 figures, no tables. Minor stylistic changes. At press in The Astrophysical Journal (ApJ)
Indomethacin promotes survival of new neurons in the adult murine hippocampus accompanied by anti-inflammatory effects following MPTP-induced dopamine depletion
Creators: name: Hain, Elisabeth G.
name: Sparenberg, Maria
name: Rasińska, Justyna
name: Klein, Charlotte
name: Akyüz, Levent
name: Steiner, Barbara
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: neurogenesis
subject: inflammation
subject: neurodegeneration
subject: parkinson's disease
subject: indomethacin
subject: mptp
subject: hippocampus
subject: substantia nigra
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by dopaminergic cell loss and inflammation in the substantia nigra (SN) leading to motor deficits but also to hippocampus-associated non-motor symptoms such as spatial learning and memory deficits. The cognitive decline is correlated with impaired adult hippocampal neurogenesis resulting from dopamine deficit and inflammation, represented in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine hydrochloride (MPTP) mouse model of PD. In the inflammatory tissue, cyclooxygenase (COX) is upregulated leading to an ongoing inflammatory process such as prostaglandin-mediated increased cytokine levels. Therefore, inhibition of COX by indomethacin may prevent the inflammatory response and the impairment of adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Methods: Wildtype C57Bl/6 and transgenic Nestin-GFP mice were treated with MPTP followed by short-term or long-term indomethacin treatment. Then, aspects of inflammation and neurogenesis were evaluated by cell counts using immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical stainings in the SN and dentate gyrus (DG). Furthermore, hippocampal mRNA expression of neurogenesis-related genes of the Notch, Wnt, and sonic hedgehog signaling pathways and neurogenic factors were assessed, and protein levels of serum cytokines were measured. Results: Indomethacin restored the reduction of the survival rate of new mature neurons and reduced the amount of amoeboid CD68+ cells in the DG after MPTP treatment. Indomethacin downregulated genes of the Wnt and Notch signaling pathways and increased neuroD6 expression. In the SN, indomethacin reduced the pro-inflammatory cellular response without reversing dopaminergic cell loss. Conclusion: Indomethacin has a pro-neurogenic and thereby restorative effect and an anti-inflammatory effect on the cellular level in the DG following MPTP treatment. Therefore, COX inhibitors such as indomethacin may represent a therapeutic option to restore adult neurogenesis in PD.
Counting statistics of dark-state transport through a carbon nanotube quantum dot
Creators: name: Ho, Nathan
name: Emary, Clive
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent experiment [A. Donarini et al., Nat Comms 10, 381 (2019)], electronic transport through a carbon nanotube quantum dot was observed to be suppressed by the formation of a quantum-coherent ``dark state''. In this paper we consider theoretically the counting statistics and waiting-time distribution of this dark-state-limited transport. We show that the statistics are characterised by giant super-Poissonian Fano factors and long-tailed waiting-time distributions, both of which are signatures of the bistability and extreme electron bunching caused by the dark state.
description: 9 pages; 10 figures. Updated version with new section on experimental signatures
Eleazara Distant
Creators: name: Jones, Joshua R.
name: Deitz, Lewis L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Eleazara

description: Genus Eleazara Distant
(Pl. 1G)
 Eleazara Distant, 1908: 182.
 Type species. E. aedificatura Distant 1908: 182, fig. 120, by original designation.
 Synonymy. None.
 Description. Distant (1908): “Head broad, short, angulate, straight in front of eyes and then oblique to apex, which is angulate; ocelli on posterior vertical area; head beneath foliaceous, recurved anteriorly, face elongate, broadest between eyes, much narrowed anteriorly, less so posteriorly; pronotum longer than vertex, the lateral areas laminately subangularly dilated, anterior margin nearly straight, posterior margin concavely sinuate; scutellum with a central elevated crest-like process; legs of moderate length, posterior tibia slightly dilated, outwardly spinose; tegmina rugose and granulose, the veins, especially on apical area, elevated and prominent.”
 Species. [3]: aedificatura Distant; distanti Schmidt; yangi Cai & He.
 Range. China; India (Assam, Dikrang Valley); Indonesia (Sumatra).
 Host plants. Unknown.
 Material examined. None.
 Remarks. The type specimen of E. aedificatura was photographed early on in this study (at BMNH) but was not later available for examination. From the photograph (Pl. 1G), and Distant’s drawing and description (1908: 182), this species appears to be closely related to Ledra and the Ledropsis -like species. Like Ledra (and Chatura), it has four longitudinal rows (of tubercles—outer rows; of carinae—inner rows) on the pronotum. In Distant’s (1908) illustration, the long metathoracic tarsomere I can clearly be seen, further indicating its affinity to Ledra and the Ledropsis -like species. But like Dusuna and members of the Petalocephala genus group, E. aedificatura has lateral pronotal extensions, demonstrating the plasticity of this latter character across Ledrini. E. aedificatura is known only from the type specimen.
description: Published as part of Jones, Joshua R. & Deitz, Lewis L., 2009, Phylogeny and systematics of the leafhopper subfamily Ledrinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) 2186, pp. 1-120 in Zootaxa 2186 (1) on page 39, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2186.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5311592
Performance of OncoE6 cervical test with collection methods enabling self-sampling
Creators: name: Krings, Amrei
name: Dückelmann, Anna M.
name: Moser, Lutz
name: Gollrad, Johannes
name: Wiegerinck, Maarten
name: Schweizer, Johannes
name: Kaufmann, Andreas M.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Low-resource
subject: Self-collection
subject: Oncoprotein testing
subject: Cervical cancer screening
subject: HPV testing
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: The paradigm shift from cytological screening to Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-based screening for cervical cancer allows the introduction of new technologies in sample collection and diagnostics. The OncoE6 (TM) Cervical Test (OncoE6 Test) is a rapid, easy-to-use lateral flow method detecting HPV16/18 E6 oncoproteins that has proven to detect high-grade cervical lesions with high specificity. If compatible with self-collection samples, this technology might allow for decentralized screening of hard-to-reach populations. Methods: For technical validation, cervicovaginal lavages were collected from 20 patients with confirmed HPV16+ or HPV18+ invasive cervical cancer. Cervical smears were collected by polyester-tipped swabs and cytobrushes. All samples were applied to the OncoE6 Test and cytobrush samples additionally genotyped. Results: Lavage, swab, and cytobrush revealed concordant outcome in 18/20 samples. HPV types corresponded with the HPV genotyping by GP5+/6+ PCR analyses. Due to a rare mutation found in the E6 antibody binding site one sample was not detected, another sample had very low cellularity. Conclusions: Overall, vaginal lavages are technically adequate for the OncoE6 Test. Combining self-sampling with oncoprotein rapid testing to detect women with highest risk for severe dysplasia or cancer may allow for secondary cancer prevention in settings where other screening modalities were unsuccessful to date.
Calibration of atmospheric neutrino flux calculations using cosmic muon flux and charge ratio measurements
Creators: name: Yáñez, Juan-Pablo
name: Fedynitch, Anatoli
name: Montgomery, Tyler
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The general features of the neutrino flux from cosmic ray interactions in the Earth's atmosphere are well characterized. However, the absolute precision of calculations is still insufficient and the uncertainty from the modeling of hadronic interactions in the very forward region remains a major limitation. In this work, we benchmark the current generation hadronic models using high-precision atmospheric muon calculations from a few GeV to multiple TeV energies provided by the MCEq code. We derive corrections to hadronic models using publicly available measurements of the flux and charge ratio of atmospheric muons from surface and underground detectors. When combining data, the experimental uncertainties are taken into account. We discuss the calibration method and the strength of the derived constraints.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures. Presented at the 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2019)
Additional file 3 of Analysis of DNA methylation profiles during sheep skeletal muscle development using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing
Creators: name: Fan, Yixuan
name: Liang, Yaxu
name: Deng, Kaiping
name: Zhang, Zhen
name: Zhang, Guomin
name: Zhang, Yanli
name: Wang, Feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. DNA methylation levels in gene functional elements in the Adult group and Fetus group.
Induction of Significant Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 by a Highly Attenuated Pangolin Coronavirus Variant with a 104nt Deletion at the 3'-UTR
Creators: name: Lu, Shanshan
name: Luo, Shengdong
name: Liu, Chang
name: Li, Muli
name: An, Xiaoping
name: Li, Mengzhe
name: Hou, Jun
name: Fan, Huahao
name: Mao, Panyong
name: Tong, Yigang
name: Song, Lihua
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: SARS-CoV-2 related coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-2r) from Guangdong and Guangxi pangolins have been implicated in the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and future pandemics. We previously reported the culture of a SARS-CoV-2r GX_P2V from Guangxi pangolins. Here we report the GX_P2V isolate rapidly adapted to Vero cells by acquiring two genomic mutations: an alanine to valine substitution in the nucleoprotein and a 104-nucleotide deletion in the hypervariable region (HVR) of the 3′-terminus untranslated region (3′-UTR). We further report the characterization of the GX_P2V variant (renamed GX_P2V(short_3UTR)) in in vitro and in vivo infection models. In cultured Vero, BGM and Calu-3 cells, GX_P2V(short_3UTR) had similar robust replication kinetics, and consistently produced minimum cell damage. GX_P2V(short_3UTR) infected golden hamsters and BALB/c mice but was highly attenuated. Golden hamsters infected intranasally had a short duration of productive infection in pulmonary, not extrapulmonary, tissues. These productive infections induced neutralizing antibodies against pseudoviruses of GX_P2V and SARS-CoV-2. Collectively, our data show that the GX_P2V(short_3UTR) is highly attenuated in in vitro and in vivo infection models. Attenuation of the variant is likely partially due to the 104-nt deletion in the HVR in the 3′-UTR. This study furthers our understanding of pangolin coronaviruses pathogenesis and provides novel insights for the design of live attenuated vaccines against SARS-CoV-2.
Lorentz Integral Transform for Inclusive and Exclusive Cross Sections with the Lanczos Method
Creators: name: Marchisio, Mario Andrea
name: Barnea, Nir
name: Leidemann, Winfried
name: Orlandini, Giuseppina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lorentz Integral Transform (LIT) method is reformulated via the Lanczos algorithm both for inclusive and exclusive reactions. The new technique is tested for the total photoabsorption cross section of 3H and 4He. Due to the rapid convergence of the algorithm one has a decrease in cpu time by two orders of magnitude, but at the same time an excellent agreement with the results of a conventional LIT calculation. The present work opens up the possibility of ab initio calculations for inclusive and exclusive processes for A greater equal 6 with inclusion of complete final state interactions.
description: LaTeX, 13 pages, 3 ps figures
The Emergence of the First Star-free Atomic Cooling Haloes in the Universe
Creators: name: Regan, John A.
name: Wise, John H.
name: O'Shea, Brian W.
name: Norman, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Renaissance suite of simulations we examine the emergence of pristine atomic cooling haloes that are both metal-free and star-free in the early Universe. The absence of metals prevents catastrophic cooling, suppresses fragmentation, and may allow for the formation of massive black hole seeds. Here we report on the abundance of pristine atomic cooling haloes found and on the specific physical conditions that allow for the formation of these direct-collapse-black-hole (DCBH) haloes. In total in our simulations we find that 79 DCBH haloes form before a redshift of 11.6. We find that the formation of pristine atomic haloes is driven by the rapid assembly of the atomic cooling haloes with mergers, both minor and/or major, prior to reaching the atomic cooling limit a requirement. However, the ability of assembling haloes to remain free of (external) metal enrichment is equally important and underlines the necessity of following the transport of metals in such simulations. The candidate DCBH hosting haloes we find, have been exposed to mean Lyman-Werner radiation fields of J$_{LW}$ $\sim$ 1 J$_{21}$ and typically lie at least 10 kpc (physical) from the nearest massive galaxy. Growth rates of the haloes reach values of greater than 10$^7$ M$_{\odot}$ per unit redshift, leading to significant dynamical heating and the suppression of efficient cooling until the halo crosses the atomic cooling threshold. Finally, we also find five synchronised halo candidates where pairs of pristine atomic cooling haloes emerge that are both spatially and temporally synchronised.
description: Minor updates after acceptance by MNRAS
Magnetic Anisotropy in La_0.8Sr_0.2MnO_3: Electron Spin Resonance
Creators: name: Deisenhofer, J.
name: von Nidda, H. -A. Krug
name: Loidl, A.
name: Eremin, M. V.
name: Ivanshin, V. A.
name: Kimura, T.
name: Tokura, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on Ferromagnetic-Resonance experiments in a single crystal of La_0.8Sr_0.2MnO_3 in the temperature range from 4 to 300 K. The observed anisotropy of the resonance line changes on crossing the transition from the orthorhombic O-phase to the rhombohedral R-phase at T~100 K and indicates a reorientation of the spins at about 130 K.
description: submitted to the proceedings of SCES '02 in Krakow
Metabolic Barriers to Weight Gain in Patients With Anorexia Nervosa: A Young Adult Case Report
Creators: name: Haas, Verena
name: Stengel, Andreas
name: Mähler, Anja
name: Gerlach, Gabriele
name: Lehmann, Celine
name: Boschmann, Michael
name: Zwaan, Martina De
name: Herpertz, Stephan
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: anorexia nervosa
subject: energy requirements
subject: energy metabolism
subject: metabolic chamber
subject: seated non-exercise physical activity
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Over-proportionally high energy requirements in some patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) have been reported, but their exact origin remains unclear. Objective: To objectively measure metabolic alterations in an AN patient with high energy requirements as judged by clinical observation. Materials and Methods: We present the case of a young woman with AN (index patient, IP; 19 years, admission BMI 13.9 kg/m(2)). After 3 months of treatment at BMI 17.4 kg/m(2), we assessed her resting energy expenditure (REE), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT), seated non-exercise physical activity (NEPA in Volt by infrared sensors), and exercise activity thermogenesis (EAT) in a metabolic chamber; body composition (bioimpedance analysis), energy intake (15d-food protocol), physical activity (accelerometry) and endocrine parameters. The IP was compared for REE, RER, DIT and seated NEPA to six AN patients (AN-C) and four healthy women (HC-1), and for EAT to another six healthy women (HC-2). Results: Our IP showed high REE (110% of predicted REE according to Harris & Benedict) and high seated NEPA (47% increase over AN-C, 40% over HC-1), whereas DIT (IP: 78 vs. HC-1: 145 +/- 51 kJ/180 min) and EAT (IP: 157 vs. HC-2: 235 +/- 30 kJ/30 min) were low, when compared with HC. The other AN patients showed a lower REE (AN: 87 +/- 2% vs. HC: 97 +/- 2% predicted) at increased DIT (AN: 187 +/- 91 vs. HC: 145 +/- 51 kJ/180 min) when compared with HC. RER of the IP was low (IP: 0.72 vs. 0.77 in AN-C; 0.77 in HC-1 and 0.80 in HC-2). Conclusions: Complex and variable disturbances of energy metabolism might exist in a subgroup of patients with AN during refeeding, which could lead to unexpectedly high energy requirements. Future studies need to confirm the existence, and investigate the characteristics and prevalence of this subgroup.
Hangklipia Linnavuori 1972
Creators: name: Jones, Joshua R.
name: Deitz, Lewis L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Hangklipia

description: Genus Hangklipia Linnavuori
(Pl. 2A, 16E–F)
 Hangklipia Linnavuori, 1972: 235.
 Type species. Camptelasmus signatus Linnavuori 1961: 457, by original designation.
 Synonymy. None.
 Description. Linnavuori (1972): “Resembling Petalocephala but smaller, length <10 mm. Elytra (fig. 21 e) with regular venation, only apical area of corium with a few extra cross veins, subapical area with two long parallel-sided cells. Male genitalia as in Thlasia.”
 Species. [2]: signata (Linnavuori); gibber (Naudé).
 Range. South Africa (God’s Window; Kougaberg; Kraaifontein; Strand; West Cape Province).
 Host plants. Cliffortia serpyllifolia (Rosacea); Passerina montana (Thymelaceae).
 Material examined. H. gibber: 1 male, 1 female, South Africa, SANC, JRJ _ Led 1_058–059; H. signata: 2 males, South Africa, SANC, Led 1_052, 057, 1 (abdomen missing), South Africa, SANC, JRJ _ Led 1_53, 1 male, South Africa, MZLU, JRJ _ Led 1_056.
 Remarks. This genus is very similar to Titiella but lacks the expanded and convex face. Its concave face and well-defined (although small) frontoclypeus is much more like that of more derived ledrines. It shares some morphological similarities with Dusuna, Parapetalocephala, and Titiella. The aedeagus of the males (Pl. 16E–F) is roughly somewhat similar in shape to those in Thlasia (Pl. 16K), as stated by Linnavuori, to which it seems to be only distantly related within Ledrini.
description: Published as part of Jones, Joshua R. & Deitz, Lewis L., 2009, Phylogeny and systematics of the leafhopper subfamily Ledrinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) 2186, pp. 1-120 in Zootaxa 2186 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2186.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5311592
Ga-68-PSMA-PET/CT for the evaluation of pulmonary metastases and opacities in patients with prostate cancer
Creators: name: Damjanovic, Jonathan
name: Janssen, Jan-Carlo
name: Furth, Christian
name: Diederichs, Gerd
name: Walter, Thula
name: Amthauer, Holger
name: Makowski, Marcus R.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Lung metastasis
subject: Pulmonary opacity
subject: PSMA
subject: PET/CT
subject: Prostate cancer
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the imaging properties of pulmonary metastases and benign opacities in Ga-68-PSMA positron emission tomography (PET) in patients with prostate cancer (PC). Methods: Ga-68-PSMA-PET/CT scans of 739 PC patients available in our database were evaluated retrospectively for lung metastases and non-solid focal pulmonary opacities. Maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) were assessed by two- and three-dimensional regions of interest (2D/3D ROI). Additionally CT features of the lesions, such as location, morphology and size were identified. Results: Ninety-one pulmonary metastases and fourteen opacities were identified in 34 PC patients. In total, 66 PSMA-positive (72.5%) and 25 PSMA-negative (27.5%) metastases were identified. The mean SUVmax of pulmonary opacities was 2.2 +/- 0.7 in 2D ROI and 2.4 +/- 0.8 in 3D ROI. The mean SUVmax of PSMA-positive pulmonary metastases was 4.5 +/- 2.7 in 2D ROI and in 4.7 +/- 2.9 in 3D ROI; this was significantly higher than the SUVmax of pulmonary opacities in both 2D and 3D ROI (p<0.001). The mean SUVmax of PSMA-negative metastases was 1.0 +/- 0.5 in 2D ROI and 1.0 +/- 0.4 in 3D ROI, and significantly lower than that of the pulmonary opacities (p<0.001). A significant (p<0.05) weak linear correlation between size and 3D SUVmax in lung metastases (rho(Spearman)=0.207) was found. Conclusion: Based on the SUVmax in Ga-68-PSMA-PET alone, it was not possible to differentiate between pulmonary metastases and pulmonary opacities. The majority of lung metastases highly overexpressed PSMA, while a relevant number of metastases were PSMA-negative. Pulmonary opacities demonstrated a moderate tracer uptake, significantly lower than PSMA-positive lung metastases, yet significantly higher than PSMA-negative metastases.
Direct Visualization of Electric Field induced Structural Dynamics in Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Murthy, Akshay A.
name: Stanev, Teodor K.
name: Reis, Roberto dos
name: Hao, Shiqiang
name: Wolverton, Chris
name: Stern, Nathaniel P.
name: Dravid, Vinayak P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) offer many attractive features for next-generation low-dimensional device geometries. Due to the practical and fabrication challenges related to in situ methods, the atomistic dynamics that give rise to realizable macroscopic device properties are often unclear. In this study, in situ transmission electron microscopy techniques are utilized in order to understand the structural dynamics at play, especially at interfaces and defects, in the prototypical film of monolayer MoS2 under electrical bias. Through our sample fabrication process, we clearly identify the presence of mass transport in the presence of a lateral electric field. In particular, we observe that the voids present at grain boundaries combine to induce structural deformation. The electric field mediates a net vacancy flux from the grain boundary interior to the exposed surface edge sites that leaves molybdenum clusters in its wake. Following the initial biasing cycles, however, the mass flow is largely diminished, and the resultant structure remains stable over repeated biasing. We believe insights from this work can help explain observations of non-uniform heating and preferential oxidation at grain boundary sites in these materials.
description: 4 figures, ACS Nano
Gravitational Acceleration of Spinning Bodies From Lunar Laser Ranging Measurements
Creators: name: Nordtvedt, Kenneth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sun's relativistic gravitational gradient accelerations of Earth and Moon, dependent on the motions of the latter bodies, act upon the system's internal angular momentum. This spin-orbit force (which plays a part in determining the gravity wave signal templates for astrophysical sources) slightly accelerates the Earth-Moon system as a whole, but it more robustly perturbs that system's internal dynamics with a 5 cm, synodically oscillating range contribution which is presently measured to 4 mm precision by more than three decades of lunar laser ranging.
description: 10 pages, PCTex32.v3.4
Explicit Examples on Conformal Invariance
Creators: name: Hortacsu, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study examples where conformal invariance implies rational critical indices, triviality of the underlying quantum field theory and emergence of hypergeometric functions as solutions of the field equations.
description: 9 Pages, Tex
Glutamate Concentration in the Superior Temporal Sulcus Relates to Neuroticism in Schizophrenia
Creators: name: Balz, Johanna
name: Romero, Yadira Roa
name: Keil, Julian
name: Schubert, Florian
name: Ittermann, Bernd
name: Mekle, Ralf
name: Montag, Christiane
name: Gallinat, Jürgen
name: Senkowski, Daniel
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: schizophrenia
subject: glutamate
subject: neuroticism
subject: magnetic resonance spectroscopy
subject: superior temporal sulcus
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Clinical studies suggest aberrant neurotransmitter concentrations in the brains of patients with schizophrenia (SCZ). Numerous studies have indicated deviant glutamate concentrations in SCZ, although the findings are inconsistent. Moreover, alterations in glutamate concentrations could be linked to personality traits in SCZ. Here, we examined the relationships between personality dimensions and glutamate concentrations in a voxel encompassing the occipital cortex (OCC) and another voxel encompassing the left superior temporal sulcus (STS). We used proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to examine glutamate concentrations in the OCC and the STS in 19 SCZ and 21 non-psychiatric healthy control (HC) participants. Personality dimensions neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness and conscientiousness were assessed using the NEO-FFI questionnaire. SCZ compared to HC showed higher glutamate concentrations in the STS, reduced extraversion scores, and enhanced neuroticism scores. No group differences were observed for the other personality traits and for glutamate concentrations in the OCC. For the SCZ group, glutamate concentrations in STS were negatively correlated with the neuroticism scores [r = –0.537, p = 0.018] but this was not found in HC [r(19) = 0.011, p = 0.962]. No other significant correlations were found. Our study showed an inverse relationship between glutamate concentrations in the STS and neuroticism scores in SCZ. Elevated glutamate in the STS might serve as a compensatory mechanism that enables patients with enhanced concentrations to control and prevent the expression of neuroticism.
Penguins in B decays
Creators: name: Gronau, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on recent progress in studying two aspects of $B$ physics, in which penguin amplitudes play an important role: (1) Bounds on penguin pollution in $B^0(t) \to π^+π^-$ constraining CKM parameters, and a lower bound on $B^0 \to π^0π^0$ improving precision in $\sin 2α$. (2) A suggestion for measuring the photon polarization in electroweak penguin decay, $B \to K_1(1400)γ$, providing a precision test of the Standard Model and a probe for new physics.
description: 12 pages, invited talk at the Ninth International Symposium on Heavy Flavor Physics, Caltech, Pasadena, CA, Sept. 2001
Space-Time Variation of Physical Constants and the Equivalence Principle
Creators: name: Nordtvedt, Kenneth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Location dependence of physical parameters such as the electromagnetic fine structure constant and Newton's G produce body accelerations which violate universality of free fall rates testable with laboratory and space experiments. Theoretically related cosmological time variation of these same parameters are also constrained by experiments such as lunar laser ranging, and these time variations produce accelerations of bodies relative to a preferred cosmological frame.
description: 5 pages, PCTex32.v3.4
Radio Signal of Axion-Photon Conversion in Neutron Stars: A Ray Tracing Analysis
Creators: name: Leroy, Mikaël
name: Chianese, Marco
name: Edwards, Thomas D. P.
name: Weniger, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axion dark matter can resonantly convert into photons in the magnetospheres of neutron stars (NSs). It has recently been shown that radio observations of nearby NSs can therefore provide a highly sensitive probe of the axion parameter space. Here we extend existing calculations by performing the first three-dimensional computation of the photon flux, taking into account the isotropic phase-space distribution of axions and the structure of the NS magnetosphere. In particular, we study the overall magnitude of the flux and its possible time variation. We find that overall signal strength is robust to our more realistic analysis. In addition, we find that the variance of the signal with respect to the NS rotation is washed out by the additional trajectories in our treatment. Nevertheless, we show that SKA observations towards J0806.4-4123 are sensitive to $g_{aγγ}\sim 3\times10^{-13}\mathrm{\,GeV^{-1}}$ at $m_a\sim 7\times10^{-6}\mathrm{\,eV}$, even when accounting for Doppler broadening. Finally, we provide the necessary code to calculate the photon flux for any given NS system.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Jukaruka Distant 1907
Creators: name: Jones, Joshua R.
name: Deitz, Lewis L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Jukaruka

description: Genus Jukaruka Distant
(Pl. 2B, 7A, D, 8B, 9D, 13G–H, J, 14K)
 Jukaruka Distant, 1907: 190.
 Type species. J. typica Distant, 1907: 190, by monotypy.
 Synonymy. None.
 Description. Distant (1907): “Vertex of head about as long as space between eyes, centrally carinate; ocelli situate at about middle of vertex; head beneath foliaceous, face elongate, narrowed anteriorly, its disk centrally sulcate; pronotum longer than broad, centrally longitudinally laminately ridged; legs slender, posterior tibiae not foliaceously dilated, posterior coxae with a short spine; tegmina obliquely vertical, the veins on apical area coarse and reticulate. Allied to Ledra from which it differs by the single laminate ridge to the pronotum, the position of the ocelli, the non-dilated posterior tibiae, and the more slender and elongate form; by the last character it is allied to Confucius Dist. ”
 Species. [2]: grisea Evans; typica Distant.
 Range. Australia (Queensland: Blumberg [Birdwood]).
 Host plants. Unknown.
 Material examined. J. grisea: 3 males, Australia, ASCU, JRJ _Led1_066–068.
 Remarks. Males of Jukaruka and Ledropsella are very similar. Specimens of Jukaruka can be distinguished by their lower median longitudinal pronotal crests (Pl. 8B_3) and larger, more open faces, with the crown margin further from the frontoclypeus anterolaterally (Pl. 9D) and the frontoclypeus less convex. Jukaruka may be slightly larger also—the J. grisea specimens were all 9.5- 10 mm in length, while a new undescribed male of Ledropsella (see remarks for Ledropsella below) was at most 9 mm in length (its wing apices were torn off). The only known female of Ledropsella is even smaller, 6 mm in length
 Females of Jukaruka are unknown. No females of Jukaruka were described by Evans (1966, 1969), and all the specimens provided by the ASCU for this study were males of the species J. grisea. It will be very interesting to see if females of Jukaruka resemble those of Ledropsella in having shorter subovoid wings (Pl. 2E) when female specimens are finally collected and described.
description: Published as part of Jones, Joshua R. & Deitz, Lewis L., 2009, Phylogeny and systematics of the leafhopper subfamily Ledrinae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) 2186, pp. 1-120 in Zootaxa 2186 (1) on page 42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2186.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5311592
Epidemiology of Bradykinin-mediated angioedema: a systematic investigation of epidemiological studies
Creators: name: Aygören-Pürsün, Emel
name: Magerl, Markus
name: Maetzel, Andreas
name: Maurer, Marcus
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Angioedema
subject: Bradykinin
subject: Epidemiology
subject: C1-inhibitor
subject: ACE-inhibitor
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Bradykinin-mediated angioedema (Bk-AE) can be life-threatening and requires specific targeted therapies. Knowledge of its epidemiology may help optimize its management. Methods: We systematically searched the medical literature to identify abstracts of interest indexed between 1948 and March, 2016. We used published national survey data on the proportion of the population treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) to derive estimates of the population prevalence of ACEI-AE in the USA, Germany and France. For hereditary angioedema (C1-INH-HAE) and C1-inhibitor related acquired angioedema (C1-INH-AAE), publications had to contain original epidemiologic data collection within a defined geographical area. Hereditary angioedema with normal C1-INH was not included in the analysis due to lack of clearly defined criteria. Results: We identified 4 relevant publications on the prevalence of ACEI-AE, 6 on the prevalence of C1-INH-HAE, and 1 on the prevalence of C1-INH-AAE The 1st year cumulative incidence of ACEI-AE was estimated to vary between 0.12 (population-based analyses) and 030 (meta-analyses of clinical trials) per 100 patient-years. The population prevalence of ACEI-AE was modeled to vary between 7 and 26 in 100,000. The prevalence of C1-INH-HAE was estimated to vary between 1.1 and 1.6 per 100,000. The prevalence of C1-INH-AAE was estimated to be 0.15 per 100,000 in one epidemiological investigation of AAE in Denmark Conclusions: Epidemiological evidence on Bk-AE is limited to North America and Europe. ACEI-AE is more common than C1-INH-HAE (similar to 10:1), which is more common than C1-INH-AAE (similar to 10:1). More studies are needed to comprehensively assess the epidemiological burden of Bk-AE.
Measures of distinguishability between stochastic processes
Creators: name: Yang, Chengran
name: Binder, Felix C.
name: Gu, Mile
name: Elliott, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantifying how distinguishable two stochastic processes are lies at the heart of many fields, such as machine learning and quantitative finance. While several measures have been proposed for this task, none have universal applicability and ease of use. In this Letter, we suggest a set of requirements for a well-behaved measure of process distinguishability. Moreover, we propose a family of measures, called divergence rates, that satisfy all of these requirements. Focussing on a particular member of this family -- the co-emission divergence rate -- we show that it can be computed efficiently, behaves qualitatively similar to other commonly-used measures in their regimes of applicability, and remains well-behaved in scenarios where other measures break down.
Analysis of Automated Grain feeding Systems on Dairy Farms in New York State
Creators: name: Kelleher, Michael J.
name: Milligan, Robert A.
name: Kelleher, Michael J.
name: Milligan, Robert A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Computer controlled concentrate feeders allow farm managers to allocate concentrates to each cow. The purpose of this study was to investigate the use and profitability of these systems on New York dairy farms. A mail survey, sent to farmers using automated feeding systems, found a $179 per cow return. Further, it was found that the newer technology of microcomputer based systems generated a return of $189 per cow from investment. Net present value analysis found that 90 percent of the farms with microcomputer feeding systems had a positive net present value for the investment. This research suggests that investment in automated feeding equipment can be a profitable decision for many farms
Successful Dairy Farm Debt Management Strategies
Creators: name: Kauffman, Jonas B.
name: Tauer, Loren
name: Kauffman, Jonas B.
name: Tauer, Loren
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Stochastic dominance was used to group 112 dairy farms based upon 10 years of returns to equity capital. Debt strategies of farms partitioned by first-degree stochastic dominance were similar. Second-degree efficient farms were consistently less indebted. Compared to 1974-1978, debt management during 1979-1983 was more important for high return rates.