cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ExoMiner: A Highly Accurate and Explainable Deep Learning Classifier that Validates 301 New Exoplanets
Creators: name: Valizadegan, Hamed
name: Martinho, Miguel
name: Wilkens, Laurent S.
name: Jenkins, Jon M.
name: Smith, Jeffrey
name: Caldwell, Douglas A.
name: Twicken, Joseph D.
name: Gerum, Pedro C.
name: Walia, Nikash
name: Hausknecht, Kaylie
name: Lubin, Noa Y.
name: Bryson, Stephen T.
name: Oza, Nikunj C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.2, I.2.6

description: The kepler and TESS missions have generated over 100,000 potential transit signals that must be processed in order to create a catalog of planet candidates. During the last few years, there has been a growing interest in using machine learning to analyze these data in search of new exoplanets. Different from the existing machine learning works, ExoMiner, the proposed deep learning classifier in this work, mimics how domain experts examine diagnostic tests to vet a transit signal. ExoMiner is a highly accurate, explainable, and robust classifier that 1) allows us to validate 301 new exoplanets from the MAST Kepler Archive and 2) is general enough to be applied across missions such as the on-going TESS mission. We perform an extensive experimental study to verify that ExoMiner is more reliable and accurate than the existing transit signal classifiers in terms of different classification and ranking metrics. For example, for a fixed precision value of 99%, ExoMiner retrieves 93.6% of all exoplanets in the test set (i.e., recall=0.936) while this rate is 76.3% for the best existing classifier. Furthermore, the modular design of ExoMiner favors its explainability. We introduce a simple explainability framework that provides experts with feedback on why ExoMiner classifies a transit signal into a specific class label (e.g., planet candidate or not planet candidate).
description: Accepted for Publication in Astrophysical Journals, November 12, 2021
DESIGN AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ZALTOPROFEN LOADED SOLID LIPID NANO PARTICLES
Creators: name: K.Janaki , P.Deepika , D.Varun , P.Venkatesh , S.K.Godasu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The aim of the study was Design and prepare and characterization of the Zaltoprofen   loaded solid lipid nano particles. Structure and plan and portrayal of the Zaltoprofen stacked strong lipid nano particles The chitosan is utilized as polymer. The nano particles is planned by applying by nano precipitation technique. After definition improvement the assessment boundaries played out totally went under the scope of limits. The medication discharge the advanced detailing F8 was seen as 99.76%.The motor profile performed for streamlined plan they follow the zero request and higuchi condition. The security reads did for 90 days there is no corruption in streamlined definition in tranquilize delivery and medication content examinations.             

Keywords: Design, Charecterization, Zaltoprofen, Solid Lipid Nano Particles
Fast Neutron - Mirror Neutron Oscillation and Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays
Creators: name: Berezhiani, Zurab
name: Bento, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If there exists the mirror world, a parallel hidden sector of particles with exactly the same microphysics as that of the observable particles, then the primordial nucleosynthesis constraints require that the temperature of the cosmic background of mirror relic photons should be smaller than that of the ordinary relic photons, T'/T < 0.5 or so. On the other hand, the present experimental and astrophysical limits allow a rather fast neutron - mirror neutron oscillation in vacuum, with an oscillation time $τ\sim 1$ s, much smaller than the neutron lifetime. We show that this could provide a very efficient mechanism for transporting ultra high energy protons at large cosmological distances. The mechanism operates as follows: a super-GZK energy proton scatters a relic photon producing a neutron that oscillates into a mirror neutron which then decays into a mirror proton. The latter undergoes a symmetric process, scattering a mirror relic photon and producing back an ordinary nucleon, but only after traveling a distance $(T/T')^{3}$ times larger than ordinary protons. This may relax or completely remove the GZK-cutoff in the cosmic ray spectrum and also explain the correlation between the observed ultra high energy protons and far distant sources as are the BL Lacs.
description: 14 pages; to appear in PLB (submitted 28 November 2005)
Pseudoscalar flavor-singlets and staggered fermions
Creators: name: Gregory, Eric B.
name: Irving, Alan C.
name: McNeile, Craig
name: Richards, Christopher M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Asqtad improved staggered fermion formalism has been a valuable tool in successfully calculating the non-singlet parts of the hadronic spectrum. We are engaged in a project to calculate the spectrum of the pseudoscalar singlet mesons with 2+1-flavor Asqtad staggered gauge configurations. Propagators of flavor-singlet states incorporate contributions from both disconnected and connected diagrams, and hence are sensitive to any differences in the actions governing the sea and valence fermions on the lattice. As such, they also present the possibility of a probe of the validity of the ``fourth-root trick'' in the staggered fermion formulation. We present an update on our progress toward measuring the $η'$ mass on 2+1-flavor Asqtad staggered gauge configurations, including a review of methods and preliminary results. We also show a strong correlation between ${\rm Tr}(γ_5\otimes 1)$ and the topological charge in these configurations, as predicted by the index theorem.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, talk presented at Lattice2006 (Hadron Spectroscopy)
Gravitomagnetism in teleparallel gravity
Creators: name: Spaniol, E. P.
name: de Andrade, V. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The assumption that matter charges and currents could generate fields, which are called, by analogy with electromagnetism, gravitoeletric and gravitomagnetic fields, dates from the origins of General Relativity (GR). On the other hand, the Teleparallel Equivalent of GR (TEGR), as a gauge theory, seems to be the ideal scenario to define these fields, based on the gauge field strength components. The purpose of the present work is to investigate the nature of the gravitational electric and magnetic fields in the context of the TEGR, where the tetrad formalism behind it seems to be more appropriated to deal with phenomena related to observers. As our main results, we have obtained, for the first time, the exact expressions for the gravito-electromagnetic fields for the Schwarzschild solution that in the linear approximation become the usual expected ones. To improve our understanding about these fields, we have also studied the geometry produced by a spherical rotating shell in slow motion and weak field regime. Again, the expressions obtained are in complete agreement with those of electromagnetism.
description: 25 pages. Submitted to International Journal of Modern Physics D. Version 2: some new discussions, references added
[Mu]SR studies of 2H-NbSe2
Creators: name: Miller, Roger
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: We report fx+SR measurements in NbSe2 of the penetration depth, A, and the core radius, /9, as a function of temperature and magnetic field. We find that A(H=0T)=1490(11)A at T=4.2K and />(H=0T)=248(2)A at T=4.2K. We observe a field dependence in 1/A2 and a strong field dependence in the core radius at fields H<6kG. We also find a temperature dependence in the core radius below T/Tc=0.3, where the penetration depth is constant, contrary to Landau-Ginzburg theory. The temperature dependence, however, is much weaker than that predicted by Kramer and Pesch [24], with p(T=0K)=74.6(2)A in an applied field of 5k G.
The intermediate type-I superconductors in the mesoscopic scale
Creators: name: Cadorim, Leonardo R.
name: Sardella, Edson
name: Romaguera, Antonio R. de C.
name: de Oliveira, Isaías G.
name: Gomes, Rodolpho R.
name: Doria, Mauro M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: M. Tinkham and P. G. de Gennes, described in their books the existence of an intermediate type-I superconductor as a consequence of an external surface that affects the well known classification of superconductors into type-I and II. Here we consider the mesoscopic superconductor where the ratio volume to area is small and the effects of the external surface are enhanced. By means of the standard Ginzburg-Landau theory the Tinkham-de Gennes scenario is extended to the mesoscopic type-I superconductor. We find new features of the transition at the passage from the genuine to the intermediate type-I. The latter has two distinct transitions, namely, from a paramagnetic to diamagnetic response in descending field and a quasi type-II behavior as the critical coupling is approached in ascending field. The intermediate type-I phase proposed here, and its corresponding transitions, reflect intrinsic features of the superconductor and not its geometrical properties.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review B. 6 pages, 4 figures
title: A Framework for Analyzing Monetary Policy in an Economy with E-money
Creators: name: ZHU, YU
name: Hendry, Scott
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2019

description: This paper considers an economy where central-bank-issued fiat money competes with privately issued e-money. We study a policy-setting game between the central bank and the e-money issuer and find (1) the optimal monetary policy of the central bank depends on the policy of the private issuer and may deviate from the Friedman rule; (2) multiple equilibria may exist; (3) when the economy approaches a cashless state, the central bank’s optimal policy improves the market power of the e-money issuer and can lead to a discrete decrease in welfare and a discrete increase in inflation; and (4) first best cannot be achieved.

description: Dans cette étude, nous analysons une économie où la monnaie fiduciaire émise par la banque centrale est en concurrence avec la monnaie électronique émise par une entité privée. Nous étudions les issues d’un jeu dans lequel la banque centrale et l’émetteur de monnaie électronique établissent leur propre politique et faisons une série de constats. 1) La politique monétaire optimale de la banque centrale dépend de la politique de l’émetteur privé et peut s’écarter de la règle de Friedman. 2) Il pourrait exister des équilibres multiples. 3) Lorsque l’économie fonctionne presque sans numéraire, la politique optimale de la banque centrale accroît le pouvoir de marché de l’émetteur de monnaie électronique et peut entraîner un léger recul du bien-être ainsi qu’une hausse minime de l’inflation. 4) L’optimum de premier rang ne peut être atteint.
Electronic structure and Fermi surface tolopogy of Na$_x$CoO$_2$
Creators: name: Bourgeois, A.
name: Aligia, A. A.
name: Kroll, T.
name: Núñez-Regueiro, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an effective Hamiltonian for the motion of T2g highly correlated states in NaxCoO2. We solve exactly a multiband model in a CoO6 cluster with electronic occupation corresponding to a nominal Co valence of either +3 or +4. Using the ensuing ground states, we calculate the effective O mediated hopping t=0.10 eV between many-body T2g states, and estimate the direct hopping t'~0.04 eV. The trigonal splitting 3D=0.315 eV is taken from recent quantum chemistry calculations. The resulting effective Hamiltonian is solved using a generalized slave-boson mean-field approximation. The results show a significant band renormalization and a Fermi surface topology that agrees with experiment, in contrast to predictions using the local-density approximation.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Towards robust and speculation-reduction real estate pricing models based on a data-driven strategy
Creators: name: Vargas-Calderón, Vladimir
name: Camargo, Jorge E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In many countries, real estate appraisal is based on conventional methods that rely on appraisers' abilities to collect data, interpret it and model the price of a real estate property. With the increasing use of real estate online platforms and the large amount of information found therein, there exists the possibility of overcoming many drawbacks of conventional pricing models such as subjectivity, cost, unfairness, among others. In this paper we propose a data-driven real estate pricing model based on machine learning methods to estimate prices reducing human bias. We test the model with 178,865 flats listings from Bogotá, collected from 2016 to 2020. Results show that the proposed state-of-the-art model is robust and accurate in estimating real estate prices. This case study serves as an incentive for local governments from developing countries to discuss and build real estate pricing models based on large data sets that increases fairness for all the real estate market stakeholders and reduces price speculation.
The Blue Straggler population in the globular cluster M53 (NGC5024): a combined HST, LBT, CFHT study
Creators: name: Beccari, G.
name: Lanzoni, B.
name: Ferraro, F. R.
name: Pulone, L.
name: Bellazzini, M.
name: Pecci, F. Fusi
name: Rood, R. T.
name: Giallongo, E.
name: Ragazzoni, R.
name: Grazian, A.
name: Baruffolo, A.
name: Bouche, N.
name: Buschkamp, P.
name: De Santis, C.
name: Diolaiti, E.
name: Di Paola, A.
name: Farinato, J.
name: Fontana, A.
name: Gallozzi, S.
name: Gasparo, F.
name: Gentile, G.
name: Pasian, F.
name: Pedichini, F.
name: Smareglia, R.
name: Speziali, R.
name: Testa, V.
name: Vernet, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used a proper combination of multiband high-resolution and wide field multi-wavelength observations collected at three different telescopes (HST, LBT and CFHT) to probe Blue Straggler Star (BSS) populations in the globular cluster M53. Almost 200 BSS have been identified over the entire cluster extension. The radial distribution of these stars has been found to be bimodal (similarly to that of several other clusters) with a prominent dip at ~60'' (~2 r_c) from the cluster center. This value turns out to be a factor of two smaller than the radius of avoidance (r_avoid, the radius within which all the stars of ~1.2 M_sun have sunk to the core because of dynamical friction effects in an Hubble time). While in most of the clusters with a bimodal BSS radial distribution, r_avoid has been found to be located in the region of the observed minimum, this is the second case (after NGC6388) where this discrepancy is noted. This evidence suggests that in a few clusters the dynamical friction seems to be somehow less efficient than expected. We have also used this data base to construct the radial star density profile of the cluster: this is the most extended and accurate radial profile ever published for this cluster, including detailed star counts in the very inner region. The star density profile is reproduced by a standard King Model with an extended core (~25'') and a modest value of the concentration parameter (c=1.58). A deviation from the model is noted in the most external region of the cluster (at r>6.5' from the center). This feature needs to be further investigated in order to address the possible presence of a tidal tail in this cluster.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication on ApJ
Statistical Analysis Plan
Creators: name: Stock, Christiane
name: Guldager, Julie Dalgaard
name: Grittner, Ulrike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111712 Health Promotion
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This statistical analysis plan describes the study objective and hypotheses, the study design, the anlysis set, the variables and time points of assessment as well as the statistical analyses of the cluster RCT "VR FestLab"
Finite solvable groups whose Quillen complex is Cohen-Macaulay
Creators: name: Matucci, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20D30, 06A11, 20D10, 57M07

description: We prove that the p-Quillen complex of a finite solvable group with cyclic derived group is Cohen-Macaulay, if p is an odd prime. If p = 2 we prove a similar conclusion, but there is a discussion to be made.
description: 20 pages, final version
Minimization of information leakage in continuous-variable quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Winnel, Matthew S.
name: Hosseinidehaj, Nedasadat
name: Ralph, Timothy C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A communication protocol based on a Gaussian modulation of squeezed states in a single quadrature and measured via homodyne detection can completely eliminate information leakage to an eavesdropper in a pure-loss channel. However, the asymmetry of the protocol with respect to the quadratures of light presents security issues and the eavesdropper's information is not necessarily minimized for general asymmetric attacks. Here, we perform asymptotic security analysis of the asymmetric protocol against general asymmetric collective attacks and bound the eavesdropper's information via the Heisenberg uncertainty principle. The bound is not tight and therefore, we symmetrize the protocol in a heralding way, discarding the issues of asymmetry altogether. Our proposed heralding protocol asymptotically eliminates information leakage in a pure-loss channel and minimizes leakage in a noisy channel.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Gravitomagnetic London Moment and the Graviton Mass inside a Superconductor
Creators: name: de Matos, Clovis Jacinto
name: Tajmar, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Proca electromagnetic and gravitoelectromagnetic equations the magnetic and gravitomagnetic properties of a rotating superconductor are respectively derived. Perfect diamagnetism, and the magnetic London moment are deduced from the photon mass in the superconductor. Similarly, it is shown that the conjecture proposed by the authors to resolve the cooper pair mass anomaly reported by Tate, can be explained by a graviton mass in the superconductor different with respect to its expected cosmological value.
description: 15 pages
Casimir-Polder force between an atom and a dielectric plate: thermodynamics and experiment
Creators: name: Klimchitskaya, G. L.
name: Mohideen, U.
name: Mostepanenko, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low-temperature behavior of the Casimir-Polder free energy and entropy for an atom near a dielectric plate are found on the basis of the Lifshitz theory. The obtained results are shown to be thermodynamically consistent if the dc conductivity of the plate material is disregarded. With inclusion of dc conductivity, both the standard Lifshitz theory (for all dielectrics) and its generalization taking into account screening effects (for a wide range of dielectrics) violate the Nernst heat theorem. The inclusion of the screening effects is also shown to be inconsistent with experimental data of Casimir force measurements. The physical reasons for this inconsistency are elucidated.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure; improved discussion; to appear in J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. (Fast Track Communications)
Influence of topography and Co domain walls on the magnetization reversal of the FeNi layer in FeNi/Al$\_2$O$\_3$/Co magnetic tunnel junctions
Creators: name: Romanens, Fabien
name: Vogel, Jan
name: Kuch, Wolfgang
name: Fukumoto, Keiki
name: Camarero, Julio
name: Pizzini, Stefania
name: Bonfim, Marlio
name: Petroff, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the magnetization reversal dynamics of FeNi/Al$\_2$O$\_3$/Co magnetic tunnel junctions deposited on step-bunched Si substrates using magneto-optical Kerr effect and time-resolved x-ray photoelectron emission microscopy combined with x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD-PEEM). Different reversal mechanisms have been found depending on the substrate miscut angle. Larger terraces (smaller miscut angles) lead to a higher nucleation density and stronger domain wall pinning. The width of domain walls with respect to the size of the terraces seems to play an important role in the reversal. We used the element selectivity of XMCD-PEEM to reveal the strong influence of the stray field of domain walls in the hard magnetic layer on the magnetic switching of the soft magnetic layer.
description: 8 Pages, 7 Figures
Elicitation on sluicing, islands, and passives
Creators: name: Rudolph, Johnny (Soni)
name: Drummond, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: nkr

description: Elicitation on sluices with overt demonstrative pronouns, movement out of coordinate and if-clause islands, and the subject status of promoted patients in passives.
Sudden Death of Entanglement of Two Jaynes-Cummings Atoms
Creators: name: Yonac, Muhammed
name: Yu, Ting
name: Eberly, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate entanglement dynamics of two isolated atoms, each in its own Jaynes-Cummings cavity. We show analytically that initial entanglement has an interesting subsequent time evolution, including the so-called sudden death effect.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
title: CBDC and Monetary Policy
Creators: name: Davoodalhosseini, Seyed Mohammadreza
name: Rivadeneyra, Francisco
name: ZHU, YU
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2020

description: Improving the conduct of monetary policy is unlikely to be the main motivation for central banks to issue a central bank digital currency (CBDC). While some argue that a CBDC could allow more complex transfer schemes or the ability to break below the zero lower bound, we find these benefits might be small or difficult to realize in practice.

description: Il est peu probable que l’amélioration de la conduite de la politique monétaire soit ce qui motive le plus les banques centrales à émettre leur propre monnaie numérique. Bien que certains avancent qu’une monnaie numérique de banque centrale permettrait d’instaurer des systèmes de transfert plus complexes ou d’abaisser les taux d’intérêt en dessous de la valeur plancher, nous constatons que ces avantages pourraient s’avérer mineurs ou difficiles à concrétiser.
Repelling Random Walkers in a Diffusion-Coalescence System
Creators: name: Jafarpour, F. H.
name: Masharian, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have shown that the steady state probability distribution function of a diffusion-coalescence system on a one-dimensional lattice of length L with reflecting boundaries can be written in terms of a superposition of double shock structures which perform biased random walks on the lattice while repelling each other. The shocks can enter into the system and leave it from the boundaries. Depending on the microscopic reaction rates, the system is known to have two different phases. We have found that the mean distance between the shock positions is of order L in one phase while it is of order 1 in the other phase.
description: 5 pages, 1 EPS figure, Accepted for publication in PRE (2008)
САВДОГАРЛИК ТУРЛАРИ ВА УЛАРНИНГ ЎЗИГА ХОС ХУСУСИЯТЛАРИ
Creators: name: Шербоев, Носир
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Барча касб эгаларининг ўз функциялари, ўз вазифалари мавжуд. Деярли барча касб эгалари тил ва у орқали нутқдан турлича фойдаланадилар. Уларнинг бажарадиган ҳаракатлари кетма-кетлиги ҳам турличадир. Савдо ходимлари ўз фаолияти давомида бир қатор кетма-кет ҳаракатларни бажаришлари керак:
Non-Relativistic Non-BPS Dp-brane
Creators: name: Kluson, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct non-relativistic non-BPS Dp-brane action. Then we will study the properties of the tachyon kink solution on its world-volume. We will argue that this tachyon kink describes non-relativistic D(p-1)-brane.
description: 20 pages
Excitation and Damping of Slow Magnetosonic Waves in Flaring Hot Coronal Loops: Effects of Compressive Viscosity
Creators: name: Ofman, Leon
name: Wang, Tongjiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Slow magnetosonic waves associated with flares were observed in coronal loops by SOHO/SUMER, SDO/AIA in various EUV bandpasses, and other instruments. The excitation and damping of slow magnetosonic waves provides information on the magnetic, temperature, and density structure of the loops. Recently, it was found using 1.5D models that the thermal conduction is suppressed and compressive viscosity is enhanced in hot (T>6 MK) flaring coronal loops. We model the excitation and dissipation of slow magnetosonic waves in hot coronal loops with realistic magnetic geometry, enhanced density, and temperature (compared to background corona) guided by EUV observations using 3D MHD visco-resistive model. The effects of compressive viscosity tensor component along the magnetic field are included with classical and enhanced viscosity coefficient values for the first time in 3D MHD coronal loop model. The waves are excited by a velocity pulse at the footpoint of the loop at coronal lower boundary. The modeling results demonstrate the excitation of the slow magnetosonic waves and nonlinear coupling to other wave modes, such as the kink and fast magnetosonic. We find significant leakage of the waves from the hot coronal loops with small effect of viscous dissipation in cooler (6MK) loops, and more significant effects of viscous dissipation in hotter (10.5MK) coronal loops. Our results demonstrate that nonlinear 3D MHD models are required to fully account for various wave couplings, damping, standing wave formation, and viscous dissipation in hot flaring coronal loops. Our viscous 3D MHD code provides a new tool for improved coronal seismology.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
A third level trigger programmable on FPGA for the gamma/hadron separation in a Cherenkov telescope using pseudo-Zernike moments and the SVM classifier
Creators: name: Frailis, Marco
name: Mansutti, Oriana
name: Boinee, Praveen
name: Cabras, Giuseppe
name: De Angelis, Alessandro
name: De Lotto, Barbara
name: Forti, Alberto
name: Dell'Orso, Mauro
name: Paoletti, Riccardo
name: Scribano, Angelo
name: Turini, Nicola
name: Mariotti, Mose'
name: Peruzzo, Luigi
name: Saggion, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.5.2; C.3

description: We studied the application of the Pseudo-Zernike features as image parameters (instead of the Hillas parameters) for the discrimination between the images produced by atmospheric electromagnetic showers caused by gamma-rays and the ones produced by atmospheric electromagnetic showers caused by hadrons in the MAGIC Experiment. We used a Support Vector Machine as classification algorithm with the computed Pseudo-Zernike features as classification parameters. We implemented on a FPGA board a kernel function of the SVM and the Pseudo-Zernike features to build a third level trigger for the gamma-hadron separation task of the MAGIC Experiment.
Sub-galactic scaling relations with T$_{\rm e}$-based metallicity of low metallicity regions in galaxies: metal-poor gas inflow may have important effects?
Creators: name: Yao, Yao
name: Liu, Haiyang
name: Kong, Xu
name: Gao, Yulong
name: Chen, Guangwen
name: Chen, Xinkai
name: Liang, Zhixiong
name: Lin, Zesen
name: Tang, Yimeng
name: Zhang, Hongxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scaling relationship is a fundamental probe of the evolution of galaxies. Using the integral field spectroscopic data from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory survey, we select 1698 spaxels with significant detection of the auroral emission line \oiii$λ$4363 from 52 galaxies to investigate the scaling relationships at the low-metallicity end. We find that our sample's star formation rate is higher and its metallicity is lower in the scaling relationship than the star-forming sequence after removing the contribution of the Fundamental Metallicity Relation.We also find that the stellar ages of our sample are younger ($
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, accepted in ApJ
Theoretical study of the insulating oxides and nitrides: SiO2, GeO2, Al2O3, Si3N4, and Ge3N4
Creators: name: Sevik, C.
name: Bulutay, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extensive theoretical study is performed for wide bandgap crystalline oxides and nitrides, namely, SiO_{2}, GeO_{2}, Al_{2}O_{3}, Si_{3}N_{4}, and Ge_{3}N_{4}. Their important polymorphs are considered which are for SiO_{2}: $α$-quartz, $α$- and $β$-cristobalite and stishovite, for GeO_{2}: $α$-quartz, and rutile, for Al_{2}O_{3}: $α$-phase, for Si_{3}N_{4} and Ge_{3}N_{4}: $α$- and $β$-phases. This work constitutes a comprehensive account of both electronic structure and the elastic properties of these important insulating oxides and nitrides obtained with high accuracy based on density functional theory within the local density approximation. Two different norm-conserving \textit{ab initio} pseudopotentials have been tested which agree in all respects with the only exception arising for the elastic properties of rutile GeO_{2}. The agreement with experimental values, when available, are seen to be highly satisfactory. The uniformity and the well convergence of this approach enables an unbiased assessment of important physical parameters within each material and among different insulating oxide and nitrides. The computed static electric susceptibilities are observed to display a strong correlation with their mass densities. There is a marked discrepancy between the considered oxides and nitrides with the latter having sudden increase of density of states away from the respective band edges. This is expected to give rise to excessive carrier scattering which can practically preclude bulk impact ionization process in Si_{3}N_{4} and Ge_{3}N_{4}.
description: Published version, 10 pages, 8 figures
Entanglement between atomic condensates in an optical lattice: effects of interaction range
Creators: name: Ng, H. T.
name: Burnett, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the area-dependent entropy and two-site entanglement for two state Bose-Einstein condensates in a 2D optical lattice. We consider the case where the array of two component condensates behave like an ensemble of spin-half particles with the interaction to its nearest neighbors and next nearest neighbors. We show how the Hamiltonian of their Bose-Einstein condensate lattice with nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor interactions can be mapped into a harmonic lattice. We use this to determine the entropy and entanglement content of the lattice.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, title changed
The cobordism class of the moduli space of polygons in $\mathbb{R}^3$
Creators: name: Mandini, Alessia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D30, 57Q20

description: For any vector $r=(r_1,..., r_n)$, let $M_r$ denote the moduli space (under rigid motions) of polygons in $\mathbb{R}^3$ with $n$-sides whose lengths are $r_1,...,r_n$. We give an explicit characterization of the oriented $S^1$-cobordism class of $M_r$ which depends uniquely on the length vector $r$.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures, Remark 9 added, circle action specified in main Theorem
The trans/cis ratio of formic, HCOOH, and thioformic, HC(O)SH, acids in the Interstellar Medium
Creators: name: de la Concepción, J. García
name: Colzi, L.
name: Jiménez-Serra, I.
name: Molpeceres, G.
name: Corchado, J. C.
name: Rivilla, V. M.
name: Martín-Pintado, J.
name: Beltrán, M. T.
name: Mininni, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied theoretically the cis-trans isomerization reactions of two astrophysically relevant acids, formic acid (HCOOH) and thioformic acid (HC(O)SH), where the latter has recently been discovered in space. We also searched for these molecules towards the hot core G31.41+0.31 to compare their abundances with the expected theoretical isomerization results. Our results demonstrate that these isomerizations are viable in the conditions of the ISM due to ground-state tunneling effects, which allow the system to reach the thermodynamic equilibrium at moderately low temperatures. At very low temperatures (Tkin 10 K), the reaction rate constants for the cis to trans isomerizations are very small, which implies that the cis isomers should not be formed under cold ISM conditions. This is in disagreement with observations of the cis/trans isomers of HCOOH in cold cores where the cis isomer is found to be 5-6% the trans isomer. At high temperatures (150-300 K), our theoretical data not only match the observed behaviour of the trans/cis abundance ratios for HCOOH (the cis form is undetected), but they support our tentative detection of the trans and, for the first time in the insterstellar medium, of the cis isomer of HC(O)SH towards the hot molecular core G31.41+0.31 (with a measured trans/cis abundance ratio of 3.7). While the trans/cis ratio for HC(O)SH in the ISM depends on the relative stability of the isomers, the trans/cis ratio for HCOOH cannot be explained by isomerization, and it is determined by other competitive chemical processes
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables
Modelling the dynamics of superfluid neutron stars
Creators: name: Andersson, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this brief summary I describe our recent work on superfluid neutron star dynamics. I review results on shear viscosity, hyperon bulk viscosity, vortex mediated mutual friction and the modelling of multifluid systems in general. For each problem I provide a set of questions that need to be addressed by future work.
description: 8 pages, to appear in the proceedings of the conference "Isolated Neutron Stars: from the Interior to the Surface" (April 2006, London), eds. D. Page, R. Turolla, & S. Zane, Astrophysics & Space Science in press
Technical Brief: Finite Element Modeling of Tight Elastic Knots
Creators: name: Baek, Changyeob
name: Johanns, Paul
name: Sano, Tomohiko G.
name: Grandgeorge, Paul
name: Reis, Pedro M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a methodology to simulate the mechanics of knots in elastic rods using geometrically nonlinear, full three-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis. We focus on the mechanical behavior of knots in tight configurations, for which the full 3D deformation must be taken into account. To set up the topology of our knotted structures, we apply a sequence of prescribed displacement steps to the centerline of an initially straight rod that is meshed with 3D solid elements. Self-contact is enforced with a normal penalty force combined with Coulomb friction. As test cases, we investigate both overhand and figure-of-eight knots. Our simulations are validated with precision model experiments, combining rod fabrication and X-ray tomography. Even if the focus is given to the methods, our results reveal that 3D deformation of tight elastic knots is central to their mechanical response. These findings contrast to a previous analysis of loose knots, for which 1D centerline-based rod theories sufficed for a predictive understanding. Our method serves as a robust framework to access complex mechanical behavior of tightly knotted structures that are not readily available through experiments nor existing reduced-order theories.
Design of proton deflectometry with in situ X-ray fiducial for magnetized HED systems
Creators: name: Malko, S.
name: Johnson, C.
name: Schaeffer, D. B.
name: Fox, W.
name: Fiksel, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a design and implementation of proton radiography with an in situ reference X-ray image of a mesh to precisely measure non-uniform magnetic fields in expanding plasmas at the OMEGA and OMEGA EP laser facilities. The technique has been developed with proton and x-ray sources generated from both directly-driven capsule implosions and short pulse laser-solid interactions. The accuracy of the measurement depends on the contrast of both the proton and x-ray images. We present numerical and analytic studies to optimize the image contrast using a variety of mesh materials and grid spacing. Our results show a clear enhancement of the image contrast by a factor of 4-6 using a high Z mesh with large grid spacing. This would lead to a further factor of two improvement in accuracy of the magnetic field measurement.
Strain-induced semiconductor to metal transition in MA2Z4 bilayers
Creators: name: Zhong, Hongxia
name: Xiong, Wenqi
name: Lv, Pengfei
name: Yu, Jin
name: Yuan, Shengjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Very recently, a new type of two-dimensional layered material MoSi2N4 has been fabricated, which is semiconducting with weak interlayer interaction, high strength, and excellent stability. We systematically investigate theoretically the effect of vertical strain on the electronic structure of MA2Z4 (M=Ti/Cr/Mo, A=Si, Z=N/P) bilayers. Taking bilayer MoSi2N4 as an example, our first principle calculations show that its indirect band gap decreases monotonically as the vertical compressive strain increases. Under a critical strain around 22%, it undergoes a transition from semiconductor to metal. We attribute this to the opposite energy shift of states in different layers, which originates from the built-in electric field induced by the asymmetric charge transfer between two inner sublayers near the interface. Similar semiconductor to metal transitions are observed in other strained MA2Z4 bilayers, and the estimated critical pressures to realize such transitions are within the same order as semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides. The semiconductor to metal transitions observed in the family of MA2Z4 bilayers present interesting possibilities for strain-induced engineering of their electronic properties.
Interplay between HIV/AIDS Epidemics and Demographic Structures Based on Sexual Contact Networks
Creators: name: Bai, Wen-Jie
name: Zhou, Tao
name: Wang, Bing-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we propose a network spread model for HIV epidemics, wherein each individual is represented by a node of the transmission network and the edges are the connections between individuals along which the infection may spread. The sexual activity of each individual, measured by its degree, is not homogeneous but obeys a power-law distribution. Due to the heterogeneity of activity, the infection can persistently exist at a very low prevalence, which has been observed in real data but can not be illuminated by previous models with homogeneous mixing hypothesis. Furthermore, the model displays a clear picture of hierarchical spread: In the early stage the infection is adhered to these high-risk persons, and then, diffuses toward low-risk population. The prediction results show that the development of epidemics can be roughly categorized into three patterns for different countries, and the pattern of a given country is mainly determined by the average sex-activity and transmission probability per sexual partner. In most cases, the effect of HIV epidemics on demographic structure is very small. However, for some extremely countries, like Botswana, the number of sex-active people can be depressed to nearly a half by AIDS.
description: 23 pages, 12 figures
Supplementary document for Dynamic light scattering and laser speckle contrast imaging of the brain: theory of spatial and temporal statistics of speckle pattern evolution - 6781591.pdf
Creators: name: Liu, Bingxue
name: Postnov, Dmitry
name: Boas, David
name: Cheng, Xiaojun
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary 1
Supplementary document for Dynamic light scattering and laser speckle contrast imaging of the brain: theory of spatial and temporal statistics of speckle pattern evolution - 6689692.pdf
Creators: name: Liu, Bingxue
name: Postnov, Dmitry
name: Boas, David
name: Cheng, Xiaojun
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary 1
Stability of Classical Chromodynamic Fields
Creators: name: Bazak, Sylwia
name: Mrowczynski, Stanislaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A system of gluon fields generated at the earliest phase of relativistic heavy-ion collisions can be described in terms of classical fields. Numerical simulations show that the system is unstable but a character of the instability is not well understood. With the intention to systematically study the problem, we analyze a stability of classical chromomagnetic and chromoelectric fields which are constant and uniform. We consider the Abelian configurations discussed in the past where the fields are due to the single-color potentials linearly depending on coordinates. However, we mostly focus on the nonAbelian configurations where the fields are generated by the multi-color non-commuting constant uniform potentials. We derive a complete spectrum of small fluctuations around the background fields which obey the linearized Yang-Mills equations. The spectra of Abelian and nonAbelian configurations are similar but different and they both include unstable modes. We briefly discuss the relevance of our results for fields which are uniform only in a limited spatial domain.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures, published version
A VLA study of 24 short term radio variables
Creators: name: Pőller, Bernard J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Flux density variability information, on a time scale of days, has been extracted [2] for a number of radio sources, from the GB6 [1] catalog data. Twenty four sources, including some with NVSS counterparts, exhibiting significant short term variability, and with no current identification in either the NED or SIMBAD external databases, were selected for a Very Large Array B configuration study. VLA snapshots were taken at two epochs, separated by approximately a month, at two frequency bands, to elucidate variations in flux density, source structure and spectral index. The imaged sample of twenty four sources include well resolved sources with one-sided or two-sided structure, partially resolved sources, and some unresolved sources. Of the partially resolved and unresolved sources, a number are confirmed as being variable in flux density and spectral index. In particular, the partially resolved sources J1700+685, J2115+367, and J2145+187 exhibit short term structural variation, suggesting these sources are galactic. The unresolved sources J0251+562, J0502+346, and J0611+723 exhibit significant flux variability. APS results indicate that the unresolved source J0856+717 is stellar.
UMinho Editora e a avaliação das revistas alojadas
Creators: name: Marques, Carla
name: Costa, Susana
name: Rodrigues, Eloy
name: Príncipe, Pedro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão Pecha Kucha II, da 15ª Conferência Lusófona de Ciência Aberta, na Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto (ESEP), de 01 a 04 de outubro de 2024.
Kirchengeschichtliche Forschung der Minderheitskirchen als ökumenische Aufgabe
Creators: name: Voigt, Karl Heinz
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 64 Nr. 3 (2015): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 64, Heft 3
How to discover QCD Instantons at the LHC
Creators: name: Amoroso, Simone
name: Kar, Deepak
name: Schott, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Standard Model of particle physics predicts the existence of quantum tunnelling processes across topological inequivalent vacua, known as Instantons. In the electroweak sector, instantons provide a source of baryon asymmetry within the Standard Model. In Quantum Chromodynamics they are linked to chiral symmetry breaking and confinement. The direct experimental observation of Instanton-induced processes would therefore be a breakthrough in modern particle physics. Recently, new calculations for QCD Instanton processes in proton-proton collisions became public, suggesting sizable cross sections as well as promising experimental signatures at the LHC. In this work, we study possible analysis strategies to discover QCD Instanton induced processes at the LHC and derive a first limit based on existing Minimum Bias data.
description: Work prepared in the context of the CERN TH workshop "Topological Effects in the Standard Model: Instantons, Sphalerons and Beyond at LHC"
Quantum pseudo-randomness from cluster-state quantum computation
Creators: name: Brown, Winton G.
name: Weinstein, Yaakov S.
name: Viola, Lorenza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to efficiently generate pseudo-random states suitable for quantum information processing via cluster-state quantum computation. By reformulating pseudo-random algorithms in the cluster-state picture, we identify a strategy for optimizing pseudo-random circuits by properly choosing single-qubit rotations. A Markov chain analysis provides the tool for analyzing convergence rates to the Haar measure and finding the optimal single-qubit gate distribution. Our results may be viewed as an alternative construction of approximate unitary 2-designs.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, version appearing in Phys. Rev. A