Lourinia armata sensu Alper et al. 2015
Creators: name: Karaytuğ, Süphan
name: Sak, Serdar
name: Alper, Alp
name: Sönmez, Serdar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Hexanauplia
Harpacticoida
Louriniidae
Lourinia
Lourinia armata

description: Lourinia aff. armata (Claus, 1866)
(Figs. 1–5)
Original description. Jurinia armata Claus, 1866: 25, plate ii, figs. 15–24.
Synonym. Ceylonia armata (Claus, 1866) sensu Gurney (1927).
Material examined. One ♀ dissected on nine slides, one ♂ dissected on seven slides; six ♀♀ and one ♂ preserved in alcohol; collected from Mersin Province, in washings of macroalgae from İncekum Beach / Silifke / Mersin / Turkey (N36.2849000°, E33.8321333°), 10 April 2007. One ♀ dissected on nine slides, two ♀♀ and two ♂♂ preserved in alcohol; from interstitial habitat at Büyükboncuklu beach/ Fethiye / Muğla / Turkey (N36.6275000°, E29.0772222°), 17 May 2012. Two ♂♂ preserved in alcohol; collected in washings of macroalgae from İncekum Beach / Silifke / Mersin / Turkey (N36.2849000°, E33.8321333°), 27 November 2007. One ♂ preserved in alcohol; collected in washings of macroalgae from Akçagerme Beach / Kaş / Antalya / Turkey (N36.2065833°, E29.6014500°), 02 December 2007. One ♀ and one copepodid V ♀, preserved in alcohol; collected from Egypt, Port Said, Kabret, Gulf of Suez, Cambridge Suez Canal Expedition; initially identified as Ceylonia armata, the specimens were deposited in The Natural History Museum (London) under registration number BMNH 1928.4.2. 131–133.
Description of female. Body cylindrical (Fig. 1A), tapering posteriorly; without prominent distinction between prosome and urosome, first thoracic somite fused to cephalosome. Total body length: 1,112 μm (mean = 867 μm; n = 11). Maximum width: 218 μm (mean = 195 μm; n = 11). Rostrum sinusoidal, defined at base, with two apically serrate sensillae (Fig. 1C). Hyaline frills of somites smooth. Surface of all somites ornamented partly with microspinules as figured. Urosome 5-segmented comprising fifth pedigerous somite, genital double-somite and three free urosomites. Genital double-somite longer than wide, without intersomitic division. Genital doublesomite, third and fourth urosomites with paired spinule rows ventrolaterally (Fig. 5A). Anal somite with one pair of sensilla dorsally; anal operculum straight, margin naked (Fig. 1A).
Antennule (Fig. 2A) 7-segmented. First segment ornamented with spinule rows as figured, with one seta. Second segment with nine setae. Third segment longest, with six setae. Fourth segment with one seta and with aesthetasc fused basally to seta and originating from common pedestal. Fifth and sixth segments small, with one seta each. Last segment with seven setae and apical acrothek consisting of an aesthetasc and two setae. Setal formula of antennule: 1–[1]; 2–[9]; 3–[6]; 4–[1 + (1 + ae)]; 5–[1]; 6–[1]; 7–[6 + acrothek].
Antenna (Fig. 2B). Coxa rectangular, ornamented with a spinule row as figured. Allobasis ornamented with a spinule row as figured. Exopod 1-segmented; with one apical and one subapical bipinnate seta. Endopod 1- segmented, ornamented with spinule rows as figured; lateral armature consisting of two bipinnate spines, distal armature consisting of four bipinnate spines (outer one fused basally to a small seta).
Mandible (Fig. 2C). Coxa elongate, forming gnathobase provided with series of multicuspidate teeth distally and unipinnate seta at dorsal corner. Palp uniramous, consisting of basis and endopod. Basis with one pinnate and one plumose seta distally. Endopod 1-segmented, with one lateral plumose seta and two naked terminal setae.
Maxillule (Fig. 2D–E). Praecoxa with few spinules around inner margin; arthrite with two setae on anterior surface and seven elements around distal margin. Coxal endite cylindrical; with one naked seta. Basis and rami fused into elongate palp (Fig. 2E) represented by single segment; with tiny spinule rows as figured, and with one semispinulose and five naked setae apically; endopod completely fused to the segment, with two naked lateral setae; exopod also fused to segment, with one plumose and two naked lateral setae.
Maxilla (Fig. 2F) comprising syncoxa and allobasis. Syncoxa with spinule row as figured; with two cylindrical endites; each endite with two naked setae and spinulose stout spine. Allobasis forming acutely recurved spinous endite with spinules along lateral surface; accessory armature represented by two naked setae; endopod completely incorporated into allobasis, represented by two naked setae arising from membranous area.
Maxilliped (Fig. 2G) reduced, represented by small triangular lobe ornamented with several spinules as figured and with one seta apically.
P1 (Fig. 3A). Praecoxa well developed and ornamented with spinules along distal margin. Coxa rectangular, with tube-pore near distal margin at anterior surface. Basis ornamented with spinule rows along distal margin as figured; with one outer seta and one robust bipinnate inner spine that extends beyond end of the first endopodal segment. Exopod 3-segmented, all segments ornamented with strong spinules along outer margins; first and second segments without inner armature; distal segment with one inner geniculate seta, one apical geniculate seta and two outer spines. Endopod 2-segmented, ornamented with spinules as figured, shorter than exopod; first segment with one inner, distally pectinate seta; distal segment with setules along inner margin, with two inner setae (proximal one distally pectinate) and one apical bipinnate spine.
P2–P4 (Figs. 3B; 4A–D). Intercoxal sclerites naked; praecoxae well developed, ornamented with spinule row as figured. Coxae with tube-pore near distal margin of anterior surface. Bases ornamented with spinule rows along distal margin as figured; with naked outer seta. Exopods 3-segmented, all segments with strong spinules along outer margins; inner margin of second and third segments ornamented with setules; second segment with one short plumose (P2) (Fig. 3B) or one long plumose (P3–P4) (Fig. 4A–B) inner seta; distal segment with one short plumose (P2) or one long plumose (P3–P4) inner seta, two apical setae and three outer spines. Endopods 2-segmented, shorter than corresponding exopods; first segment with one distally pectinate, inner seta (Figs. 3B; 4C–D); second segment ornamented with spinules along outer margin as figured, with three inner setae (two distally pectinate and one long plumose), two apical setae (one short naked and one long plumose) and one outer spine (P2) (Fig. 3B) or two plumose inner setae (one short and one long), two plumose apical setae and one outer spine (P3) (Fig. 4C) or one inner, distally pectinate seta, two plumose apical setae and one outer spine (P4) (Fig. 4D).
Fifth pair of legs (Figs. 2H; 5A) fused, baseoendopod well developed. Endopodal lobe bears six bipinnate elements; setae I–II short, spiniform; setae III–VI long; seta IV longest. Exopod distinct, ovoid, with five long setae (innermost bipinnate).
Sixth pair of legs (Fig. 5C) covered by P5, with one bifid outer element, one seta and two small, apically serrate, inner elements.
Caudal rami (Fig. 1A) about 1.75 times as long as broad, with spinular ornamentation at distal margin ventrally (Fig. 5A), with six setae. Setae II–III located laterally; seta IV and VI located at outer and inner distal corners, respectively; seta V longest, medially unipinnate; seta VII triarticulated at base and located dorsally.
Description of male. Body (Fig. 1B) cylindrical, tapering posteriorly; with microspinular ornamentation partly on surface of urosomites. Total body length about 988 μm (mean = 752 μm, n = 8). Maximum width: 210 μm (mean = 177 μm; n = 8). Sexual dimorphism in body size, number of somites, spinular/microspinular ornamentation on urosomites, antennule, P3 endopod, P5 and P6. Urosome 6-segmented, comprising fifth pedigerous somite, genital somite and four free urosomites. Ventral posterior margin (Fig. 5B) of third and fourth urosomites with continuous row, fifth urosomite with paired rows of spinules; spinules irregular in size, displaying peculiar pattern.
Antennule (Fig. 1D–F) 9-segmented, subchirocer. First segment ornamented with spinule rows as figured, with bare seta at inner distal corner. Second segment with nine setae. Third and fourth segments small, with five and two setae, respectively (Fig. 1D–E). Fifth segment (Fig. 1E) with aesthetasc fused basally to a seta on an elongate pedestal. Sixth segment (Fig. 1F) with eight elements (six naked setae and two pectinate setae). Seventh segment small and naked. Eighth segment with one seta. Distal segment (Fig. 1E) with six setae and apical acrothek consisting of aesthetasc fused basally with two setae. Armature formula of antennule: 1–[1]; 2–[9]; 3–[5]; 4–[2]; 5–[1 + ae]; 6–[8]; 7–[0]; 8–[1]; 9–[6 + acrothek].
P3 endopod (Fig. 4E–F) 3-segmented. First segment with one blunt inner spine; second segment small, with one plumose inner seta and dagger-shaped, proximally recurved apophysis. Length of the apophysis about twice longer than distal segment. Distal segment longest, rectangular, with two apical plumose setae.
Setal formula of swimming legs:
Fifth pair of legs (Fig. 5B, D) fused; baseoendopod and exopod forming a common plate. Exopodal lobe with one unipinnate and five bipinnate setae, endopodal lobe with three bipinnate setae; outer basal seta naked. Comparison of relative length of exopodal setae as follows: III>IV>II>V>VI>I.
Sixth pair of legs (Fig. 5D) asymmetrical; fused medially to form single plate, with three setae each (inner longest, bipinnate; outer naked).
description: Published as part of Karaytuğ, Süphan, Sak, Serdar, Alper, Alp & Sönmez, Serdar, 2021, Resolving the Lourinia armata (Claus, 1866) complex with remarks on the monophyletic status of Louriniidae, Monard 1927 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida), pp. 346-386 in Zootaxa 5051 (1) on pages 348-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5051.1.15, http://zenodo.org/record/5563725