cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Topological classification of adiabatic processes
Creators: name: Meidan, Dganit
name: Micklitz, Tobias
name: Brouwer, Piet W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Certain band insulators allow for the adiabatic pumping of quantized charge or spin for special time-dependences of the Hamiltonian. These "topological pumps" are closely related to two dimensional topological insulating phases of matter upon rolling the insulator up to a cylinder and threading it with a time dependent flux. In this article we extend the classification of topological pumps to the Wigner Dyson and chiral classes, coupled to multi-channel leads. The topological index distinguishing different topological classes is formulated in terms of the scattering matrix of the system. We argue that similar to topologically non-trivial insulators, topological pumps are characterized by the appearance of protected gapless end states during the course of a pumping cycle. We show that this property allows for the pumping of quantized charge or spin in the weak coupling limit. Our results may also be applied to two dimensional topological insulators, where they give a physically transparent interpretation of the topologically non-trivial phases in terms of scattering matrices.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Unifying Metadata-Based Storage Reconstruction and Carving with LAYR
Creators: name: Schneider, Janine
name: Deifel, Hans-Peter
name: Milius, Stefan
name: Freiling, Felix
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: Storage resources are usually organized in abstraction layers in computing systems where higher level storage (e.g. files or file systems) is constructed from lower level storage (e.g. disk volumes). Many forensic storage reconstruction techniques exist that gather data at lower layers and interpret this data to reconstruct higher layers. On the one hand, there are metadata-based reconstruction techniques that interpret metadata structures to precisely reconstruct upper layer content. On the other hand, there are pattern-based techniques (carving) that focus mainly on deleted files that cannot be reconstructed by other methods. Instances resembling the former approach are Carrier's The Sleuth Kit (TSK) as well as many commercial tools, while the latter approach is used by file carvers like Foremost and Scalpel. Based on a formalization of storage abstraction layers, we show that all these techniques can be unified within a modular reconstruction framework. We define composition operators that allow to precisely express complex reconstruction tasks that involve both metadata-based and pattern-based techniques and allow to combine their respective strengths seamlessly in forensic analysis. We present LAYR, an implementation of our approach and show that it can automatically and reliably combine different reconstruction approaches.
Structure and function of the extracellular layer of airspaces and its configuration following deposition of solid and liquid particles
Creators: name: Lee, Martin Manting
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: QP121.L44 1997
subject: Respiratory organs - Diseases
subject: Respiration
subject: Lungs

description: Bibliography: p. 243-278.
description: The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the structure and function of the extrace11ular layer from large airways to alveoli. Surface tension (y) was directly measured at the air-liquid interface of tracheas from rats and guinea pigs with a droplet spreading technique. A non-aqueous fixation method was used to preserve the extracellular layer including the surface active film for examination by electron microscopy ('EM). The function of the extracellular layer including the surface film was also studied in terms of its effect on particle displacement. Finally, a mode1 of injury to the airspaces was used to study the changes in the configuration of the extracellular layer after exposure to an acid aerosol. The extracellular layer of the airspaces was shown by EM to be continuous with a predominantly multilayered osmiophilic film at its surface. In the large airways, y was 33.3 ± 0.70 (SE) mN/m and 32.3 ± 0.68 (SE) mN/m for the normal rat and guinea pig trachea respectively. Guinea pigs exposed for 4 hours to sulphuric acid aerosol(43.3 • 4.57 (SD) mg/m3) developed a several-fold increase in the thickness of the mucus layer, with exudation of protein-Iike material. The osmiophilic surfactant film became irregularly thickened and multilayered. Despite these morphological changes, y remained normal. The capacity of the surface film to displace particles into the subphase was not compromised. The wetting and displacement of particles of different sizes and shapes were also studied in vitro. Small spherical particles (<30 µm in diameter) were more easily submersed into the liquid phase than larger particles; this effect was attributed to surface and line tension forces. Alveolar surfactant was studied using a captive bubble surfactometer to characterize the minimum surface tension (y min) obtained upon compressing surfactant films. The y min measured for lavaged material from the lungs of acid exposed guinea pigs was 12.1 ± 8.48 (mean ± SD) mN/m, significantly higher than for control guinea pigs-2.0 ± 0.43 mN/m-or for acid exposed rats-1.29 ± 0.11 mN/m. Both protein inhibition and lipid peroxidation appear to be involved in this model of injury to the extracellular layer.
Sub-Saharan Africa Geodetic Strain Rate Model 1.0
Creators: name: Stamps, D. Sarah
name: Saria, Elifuraha
name: Kreemer, Corné
Publisher: name: GEM Foundation, Pavia, Italy
Year: 2015
Subjects: Strain rate
East African Rift System
Sub-Saharan Africa
geodesy
GPS
Earthquakes
GEM
Global Earthquake Model

description: GEM Technical Report 2015-03
description: Regional Projects
description: In this report we describe the Sub-Saharan Africa Geodetic Strain Rate Model 1.0, which is a contribution to the Global Earthquake Model Foundation (GEM) Strain Rate Project. The objective of this work is to improve the latest GEM geodetic strain rate model with an updated strain rate field of sub-Saharan Africa. Sub-Saharan Africa encompasses the East African Rift System (EARS), the active divergent plate boundary between the Nubian and Somalian plates, which accommodates strain along the boundaries of at least 3 microplates. The current version of the GEM geodetic strain rate model is constrained by published geodetic data along the EARS and includes microplates between the Nubian and Somalian plates. In this work we developed an improved strain rate field for sub-Saharan Africa that incorporates 1) an expanded geodetic velocity field within the Nubia-Somalia plate system and along the EARS 2) redefined regions of deforming zones guided by seismicity distribution, and 3) updated constraints on block rotations from the recent publication of Saria et al. (2014). The Sub-Saharan Africa Geodetic Strain Rate Model 1.0 spans longitudes 22 to 55.5 and latitudes -52 to 20 with 0.5° (longitude) by 0.4° (latitude) spacing, which includes part or all of the following plates and/or sub-plates: Somalia, Nubia, Rovuma, Lwandle, Victoria, Antarctica, and Arabia. For these plates/sub-plates we assign rigid block rotations as boundary constraints on the strain rate calculation that is determined using the Haines and Holt method of fitting splines to geodetic data for an interpolated velocity gradient tensor field. We derive strain rates, velocities, and vorticity rates from the velocity gradient tensor field. Following the work of Kreemer et al. 2014 for the GEM geodetic strain rate field we also provide estimates of model uncertainties, velocities, vorticity, and strain rates in a Nubia-fixed reference frame relative to the lower mantle for a 0.1° x 0.1° mesh.
Thermodynamics of Twisted DNA with Solvent Interaction
Creators: name: Zoli, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The imaginary time path integral formalism is applied to a nonlinear Hamiltonian for a short fragment of heterogeneous DNA with a stabilizing solvent interaction term. Torsional effects are modeled by a twist angle between neighboring base pairs stacked along the molecule backbone. The base pair displacements are described by an ensemble of temperature dependent paths thus incorporating those fluctuational effects which shape the multisteps thermal denaturation. By summing over $\sim 10^7 - 10^8$ base pair paths, a large number of double helix configurations is taken into account consistently with the physical requirements of the model potential. The partition function is computed as a function of the twist. It is found that the equilibrium twist angle, peculiar of B-DNA at room temperature, yields the stablest helicoidal geometry against thermal disruption of the base pair hydrogen bonds. This result is corroborated by the computation of thermodynamical properties such as fractions of open base pairs and specific heat.
description: The Journal of Chemical Physics (2011) in press
title: An investigation of novel biomarkers of gastric mucosal preneoplasia
Creators: name: Moore, Andrew
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: (i) Novel biomarkers of gastric preneoplasia following infection with Helicobacter pylori Despite steady decline in incidence, gastric cancer remains a major global cause of morbidity and mortality and is responsible for over 700,000 deaths worldwide per annum. The commonest form arises following infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. For reasons which remain poorly understood, a small proportion of infected individuals develop gastric epithelial remodelling which follows a well-defined sequence of changes culminating in cancer development. Our group and others have described the role of various gastric mucosal proteins in carcinogenesis following H. pylori infection. We hypothesised that these proteins might be upregulated in gastric preneoplasia and might in turn be used as biomarkers of the same. We recruited patients attending hospital for diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Gastric biopsies were taken to determine the presence and extent of preneoplastic lesions by histology; H. pylori status; and the abundance of mRNA for putative biomarkers by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Blood was drawn to determine the serum concentrations of H. pylori IgG antibodies, fasting gastrin and pepsinogens 1 and 2. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples. For each subject, we performed genotyping for nine single nucleotide polymorphisms in the MMP-7 gene to determine whether these polymorphisms might increase the expression of mucosal MMP-7 or increase the risk of developing gastric preneoplasia. In our study population, the ratio of pepsinogens 1 and 2 (PG1/2 ratio) performed well as a diagnostic test for gastric mucosal preneoplasia. In combination with fasting serum gastrin concentration and H. pylori serology, the diagnostic accuracy was improved suggesting a role for these markers in clinical practice. We have demonstrated that the gene transcript abundance of one mucosal protein – matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) – was significantly increased in the presence of gastric preneoplasia. This effect was greater for disease phenotypes associated with higher cancer risk. These novel findings confirm the increased expression of MMP-7 in gastric epithilial preneoplasia and offer insight into areas of development for the future including the use of MMP-7 as a noninvasive biomarker of gastric preneoplasia. We also found that gastric preneoplasia was significantly more common in minor allele homozygotes for SNP rs17352054 than for major allele homozygotes and that carriage of the minor allele of SNP rs11225297 is associated with gastric preneoplasia amongst H. pylori seropositive individuals. We have also shown a significant influence on mucosal MMP-7 relative mRNA abundance of SNP genotypes for six of the polymorphisms examined.
title: Molybdenum-containing oxidases and their application in cascade synthesis
Creators: name: McKenna, Shane
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: Molybdenum-dependent xanthine oxidoreducatases (XOR) are a family of well characterized enzymes which are known to oxidise purines, imines and aldehydes in cellular metabolism. Despite significant studies relating to drug metabolism, application to chemical synthesis is relatively unexplored.. Herein we report the first use of XORs in the cascade synthesis of carboxylic acids from activated and unactivated alcohols by the combination of the mutant alcohol oxidase GOaseM3-5 and XOR (E.coli XDH & PaoABC). Twenty five carboxylic acids were obtained in quantitative conversion and the methodology compares very well with state-of-the-art catalytic chemical oxidation methods. The reactions were performed in water at ambient temperature and pH using oxygen as the terminal oxidant with the only by-product being H2O2. The oxidation system was also applied to the synthesis of the biomass-derived platform chemical FDCA starting from HMF. The biocatalysts used were able to tolerate a substrate concentration of 100 mM, 20 times higher than previous reported methods with 74% isolated yield of FDCA. Although XORs exhibited a wide substrate scope, no chiral selectivity could be demonstrated. The application of XOR enzymes was also demonstrated in the synthesis of lactams from amino alcohols via an in situ generated imine intermediate. Although pyrrolidone was obtained in 85% yield from its corresponding amino alcohol, longer chain amino alcohols were not well tolerated with either poor or no conversion observed. Although currently limited in substrate scope, this novel biomimetic oxidative cyclisation represents an interesting synthetic approach to lactams, found in a wide variety of biologically interesting target molecules.
Minimal length, maximal momentum and the entropic force law
Creators: name: Nozari, Kourosh
name: Pedram, Pouria
name: Molkara, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Different candidates of quantum gravity proposal such as string theory, noncommutative geometry, loop quantum gravity and doubly special relativity, all predict the existence of a minimum observable length and/or a maximal momentum which modify the standard Heisenberg uncertainty principle. In this paper, we study the effects of minimal length and maximal momentum on the entropic force law formulated recently by E. Verlinde.
description: 10 pages, no figure, To appear in IJTP
title: Surface Water Hydrology Within the Great Salt Lake Basin
Creators: name: Merck, Madeline F.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: The Great Salt Lake (GSL) and its tributaries are ecologically and economically important resources for Utah. It is a highly saline lake, with salinity that is several times saltier than the ocean. Lake uses are heavily influenced by its salinity and lake level and, similarly, river uses by its streamflow quantity. Currently, the GSL Basin is experiencing changes that affect tributary inflows, lake level, and salinity. For my dissertation and in support of better lake management, I addressed important gaps in our understanding of the lake and the changes it is undergoing.
Chapter 2 is an examination of the distribution of salinity and salt mass within the lake. Existing measurements from multiple agencies were aggregated to quantify the variability in salinity and the intermittent presence of a deep brine layer, which occurs only with causeway flow from the north to the south arms. I found that the overall mass of salt in the lake is declining and quantified this in terms of mineral extraction records and historical density measurements.
Chapter 3 estimates the historical magnitude of human consumptive water use within the basin. Lake volume changes and evaporation estimates were used to quantify inflows to the lake corresponding to changes in lake level. The trends in these inflow estimates were used to quantify basin wide human consumptive water use to be upwards of 2.3 km3 /yr and the current lake level decline associated with this estimate to be as much as 4.5 meters.
Chapter 4 presents a learning module targeting undergraduate hydrology students that was developed to advance innovative approaches in hydrologic education. While this project does not directly relate to the GSL, it enhances student learning of hydrologic processes within the GSL Basin. The newly developed content is centered on case-based, data- and simulation-driven learning of the fundamentals of hydrology, rainfall-runoff processes, and engineering design for an online module focused on a detention basin at the mouth of a canyon in the GSL Basin.
Overall, this dissertation has contributed knowledge on the salinity, deep brine layer and declining salt mass in GSL due to mineral extraction. It has also provided a lake volume based water balance estimate of consumptive water use extending back prior to the period when streamflow was measured. These contributions provide important scientific information about the lake that can inform decision making on water management and efforts to restore the lake to healthy levels.
Geometrical properties of Potts model during the coarsening regime
Creators: name: Loureiro, Marcos P. O.
name: Arenzon, Jeferson J.
name: Cugliandolo, Leticia F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamic evolution of geometric structures in a poly-degenerate system represented by a $q$-state Potts model with non-conserved order parameter that is quenched from its disordered into its ordered phase. The numerical results obtained with Monte Carlo simulations show a strong relation between the statistical properties of hull perimeters in the initial state and during coarsening: the statistics and morphology of the structures that are larger than the averaged ones are those of the initial state while the ones of small structures are determined by the curvature driven dynamic process. We link the hull properties to the ones of the areas they enclose. We analyze the linear von-Neumann--Mullins law, both for individual domains and on the average, concluding that its validity, for the later case, is limited to domains with number of sides around 6, while presenting stronger violations in the former case.
description: 12 pages
A population-based case-control study of environmental tobacco smoke and middle ear disease in pre-schoolers
Creators: name: Bischoff, Carol E.
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: RF220 .B57 1997
subject: Ear--Diseases
subject: Tobacco smoke pollution -- health aspects
subject: Passive smoking in infants -- health aspects

description: Bibliography: p. 222-250.
Simulations For The Measurement Of The Groundstate Hyperfinestructure Of Antihydogen
Creators: name: Sauerzopf, Clemens
name: Diermaier, Martin
name: Dilaver, Nazli
name: Kolbinger, Bernadette
name: Lundmark, Rikkard
name: Lehner, Sebastian
name: Malbrunot, Chloé
name: Massiczek, Oswald
name: Nagata, Yugo
name: Radics, Bálint
name: Simon, Martin C.
name: Tajima, Minori
name: Widmann, Eberhard
name: Zmeskal, Johann
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Antihydrogen
ASCUSA
simulation

description: Charge, Parity and Time (CPT) symmetry is the most fundamental theoretical concepts in particle physics. The ASACUSA-Hbar collaboration aims to test this property by measuring the hyperfine structure in ground state antihydrogen [1].

Due to the big challenge in producing a beam of antihydrogen [2] sophisticated simulations are needed. Especially tracking of antihydrogen atoms through magnetic fields, atomic processes like Stark effect and Zeemann splitting, microwave transitions in a cavity and antiproton annihilations are required. To achieve this the particle physics toolkit Geant 4 [3] is used as a basis for developing a modular easily usable framework for simulating the ASACUSA antihydrogen beamline, the detectors and the hyperfine transitions within the microwave cavity.

The presented work describes the current status of this simulation framework and gives an overview on the challenges that arise when introducing low energy processes and testing the antiproton annihilation codes within Geant 4.

References

[1] C. Malbrunot et. al., Hyperfine Interactions, February 2014, 1-6 (2014).

[2] N. Kuroda et. al., Nature Communications 5, 3089 (2014).

[3] J. Allison et. al., IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 53 No. 1, 270-278 (2006)
description: {"references": ["C. Malbrunot et. al., Hyperfine Interactions, February 2014, 1-6 (2014).", "N. Kuroda et. al., Nature Communications 5, 3089 (2014).", "Allison et. al., IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, 53 No. 1, 270-278 (2006)"]}
Symmetry breaking and singularity structure in Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Commeford, K. A.
name: Garcia-March, M. A.
name: Ferrando, A.
name: Carr, Lincoln D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the trajectories of vortex singularities that arise after a single vortex is broken by a discretely symmetric impulse in the context of Bose-Einstein condensates in a harmonic trap. The dynamics of these singularities are analyzed to determine the form of the imprinted motion. We find that the symmetry-breaking process introduces two effective forces: a repulsive harmonic force that causes the daughter trajectories to be ejected from the parent singularity, and a Magnus force that introduces a torque about the axis of symmetry. For the analytical non-interacting case we find that the parent singularity is reconstructed from the daughter singularities after one period of the trapping frequency. The interactions between singularities in the weakly interacting system do not allow the parent vortex to be reconstructed. Analytic trajectories were compared to the actual minima of the wavefunction, showing less 0.5% error for impulse strength of (v=0.00005). We show that these solutions are valid within the impulse regime for various impulse strengths using numerical integration of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation. We also show that the actual duration of the symmetry breaking potential does not significantly change the dynamics of the system as long as the strength is below (v=0.0005).
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
Carbon Sequestration in Soils Affected by Douglas Fir Reforestation in Apennines (Northern Italy)
Creators: name: Di Biase, Giampaolo
name: Falsone, Gloria
name: Graziani, Anna
name: Vianello, Gilmo
name: Vittori Antisari, Livia
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: Douglas fir; North Apennine; Dystrudepts; C sequestration

description: Douglas fir reforestation plays an important role in Italian forest because no indigenous conifer has similar characteristics of productivity and timber quality. Few studies on physicochemical properties of soils under Douglas fire are noticeable. The aim of this work is to evaluate the organic C stock into soils under Douglas fir plantation in different selected areas. The areas of study are located in the North Apennine (Italy); Corno alle Scale (COR), Vallombrosa (VAL), Mulino Mengoni (MEN), respectively are chosen for the presence of Douglas fir reforestation of 60 years old. Two soil profiles for each area have been open and described. The pH value decreased along the profile depth. The organic C amount in organic layers was higher in Val and Men pedons than that determined in COR one. Higher amount of organic C were detected in organo-mineral horizons of Co pedons, highlighting a rapid turnover of soil organic matter. The C stock calculated in the first 30 cm of soil showed that the higher C amount is stored in highest altitudes profiles (COR6 and VAL6) than the other. The soil are classified as Lithic Dystrudepts in the highest altitudes (COR 6, 7 and VAL 6, 7, respectively) while as Humic Dystrudepts in MEN (4 and 5) pedons. We conclude that no dangerous effects on soil quality of Douglas fir were investigated and they seem to be similar to those of native tree species, even if other different aspects should be investigated.
description: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol 17 (2015)
Parameter estimation in linear regression driven by a Gaussian sheet
Creators: name: Baran, Sándor
name: Sikolya, Kinga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The problem of estimating the parameters of a linear regression model $Z(s,t)=m_1g_1(s,t)+ \cdots + m_pg_p(s,t)+U(s,t)$ based on observations of $Z$ on a spatial domain $G$ of special shape is considered, where the driving process $U$ is a Gaussian random field and $g_1, \ldots, g_p$ are known functions. Explicit forms of the maximum likelihood estimators of the parameters are derived in the cases when $U$ is either a Wiener or a stationary or nonstationary Ornstein-Uhlenbeck sheet. Simulation results are also presented, where the driving random sheets are simulated with the help of their Karhunen-Loève expansions.
M-FISH Karyotyping - A New Approach Based on Watershed Transform
Creators: name: Sreejini, K. S.
name: Lijiya, A.
name: Govindan, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Karyotyping is a process in which chromosomes in a dividing cell are properly stained, identified and displayed in a standard format, which helps geneticist to study and diagnose genetic factors behind various genetic diseases and for studying cancer. M-FISH (Multiplex Fluorescent In-Situ Hybridization) provides color karyotyping. In this paper, an automated method for M-FISH chromosome segmentation based on watershed transform followed by naive Bayes classification of each region using the features, mean and standard deviation, is presented. Also, a post processing step is added to re-classify the small chromosome segments to the neighboring larger segment for reducing the chances of misclassification. The approach provided improved accuracy when compared to the pixel-by-pixel approach. The approach was tested on 40 images from the dataset and achieved an accuracy of 84.21 %.
description: 13 pages,7 figures
A Detector For In-Beam Measurements Of The Groundstate Hyperfinestructure Of Antihydrogen
Creators: name: Sauerzopf, Clemens
name: Berucci, Carolina
name: Capon, Aaron
name: Kuroda, Naofumi
name: Malbrunot, Chloé
name: Massiczek, Oswald
name: Matsuda, Yasuyuki
name: Nagata, Yugo
name: Shi, Hexi
name: Simon, Martin C.
name: Widmann, Eberhard
name: Yamazaki, Yasunori
name: Zmeskal, Johann
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Antihydrogen
ASACUSA
detector

description: Producing a beam of antihydrogen, as published by the ASACUSA-Hbar collaboration[1], imposes some big experimental challenges that limit the production rate. Therefore a suitable detector needs to have very good suppression of background events.

The main sources of background are upstream annihilations of antiprotons within the cusp and cosmic particles penetration the detector. These background sources are addressed by surrounding a central detector with two hodoscope layers and the requirement to trigger only if the detector records a hit in both hodoscope layers and the central detector. Additionally basic vertex reconstruction to discriminate between different quantum states of the antihydrogen atoms after the spin selection sextupole is possible. This allows to use the same detector for initial beam and trap diagnosis as well as for the final measurement of the groundstate hyperfinestructure of antihydrogen [2].

This work displays the current state of the detector and trigger developments in preparation for the upcoming beamtime in Autumn 2014 at the CERN AD facility.

References:

[1] N. Kuroda et. al., Nature Communications 5, 3089 (2014).

[2] C. Malbrunot et. al., Hyperfine Interactions, February 2014, 1-6 (2014).
description: {"references": ["N. Kuroda et. al., Nature Communications 5, 3089 (2014).", "C. Malbrunot et. al., Hyperfine Interactions, February 2014, 1-6 (2014)."]}
One-loop kink mass shifts: a computational approach
Creators: name: Alonso-Izquierdo, Alberto
name: Guilarte, Juan Mateos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we develop a procedure to compute the one-loop quantum correction to the kink masses in generic (1+1)-dimensional one-component scalar field theoretical models. The procedure uses the generalized zeta function regularization method helped by the Gilkey-de Witt asymptotic expansion of the heat function via Mellin's transform. We find a formula for the one-loop kink mass shift that depends only on the part of the energy density with no field derivatives, evaluated by means of a symbolic software algorithm that automates the computation. The improved algorithm with respect to earlier work in this subject has been tested in the sine-Gordon and $λ(ϕ)_2^4$ models. The quantum corrections of the sG-soliton and $λ(ϕ^4)_2$-kink masses have been estimated with a relative error of 0.00006% and 0.00007% respectively. Thereafter, the algorithm is applied to other models. In particular, an interesting one-parametric family of double sine-Gordon models interpolating between the ordinary sine-Gordon and a re-scaled sine-Gordon model is addressed. Another one-parametric family, in this case of $ϕ^6$ models, is analyzed. The main virtue of our procedure is its versatility: it can be applied to practically any type of relativistic scalar field models supporting kinks.
description: 35 pages, 6 figures, to be published in Nuclear Physics B
title: Adversarially Reweighted Sequence Anomaly Detection With Limited Log Data
Creators: name: Vulcano, Kevin
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: In the realm of safeguarding digital systems, the ability to detect anomalies in log sequences is paramount, with applications spanning cybersecurity, network surveillance, and financial transaction monitoring. This thesis presents AdvSVDD, a sophisticated deep learning model designed for sequence anomaly detection. Built upon the foundation of Deep Support Vector Data Description (Deep SVDD), AdvSVDD stands out by incorporating Adversarial Reweighted Learning (ARL) to enhance its performance, particularly when confronted with limited training data. By leveraging the Deep SVDD technique to map normal log sequences into a hypersphere and harnessing the amplification effects of Adversarial Reweighted Learning, AdvSVDD demonstrates remarkable efficacy in anomaly detection. Empirical evaluations on the BlueGene/L (BG/L) and Thunderbird supercomputer datasets showcase AdvSVDD’s superiority over conventional machine learning and deep learning approaches, including the foundational Deep SVDD framework. Performance metrics such as Precision, Recall, F1-Score, ROC AUC, and PR AUC attest to its proficiency. Furthermore, the study emphasizes AdvSVDD’s effectiveness under constrained training data and offers valuable insights into the role of adversarial component has in the enhancement of anomaly detection.
Effects of competition on pattern formation in the rock-paper-scissors game
Creators: name: Jiang, Luo-Luo
name: Zhou, Tao
name: Perc, Matjaz
name: Wang, Bing-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the impact of cyclic competition on pattern formation in the rock-paper-scissors game. By separately considering random and prepared initial conditions, we observe a critical influence of the competition rate $p$ on the stability of spiral waves and on the emergence of biodiversity. In particular, while increasing values of $p$ promote biodiversity, they may act detrimental on spatial pattern formation. For random initial conditions, we observe a phase transition from biodiversity to an absorbing phase, whereby the critical value of mobility grows linearly with increasing values of $p$ on a log-log scale, but then saturates as $p$ becomes large. For prepared initial conditions, we observe the formation of single-armed spirals, but only for values of $p$ that are below a critical value. Once above, the spirals break up and form disordered spatial structures, mainly because of the percolation of vacant sites. Thus, there exists a critical value of the competition rate $p_{c}$ for stable single-armed spirals in finite populations. Importantly though, $p_{c}$ increases with increasing system size, because noise reinforces the disintegration of ordered patterns. In addition, we also find that $p_{c}$ increases with the mobility. These phenomena are reproduced by a deterministic model that is based on nonlinear partial differential equations. Our findings indicate that competition is vital for the sustenance of biodiversity and emergence of pattern formation in ecosystems governed by cyclical interactions.
description: 7 two-column pages, 7 figures; accepted for publication in Physical Review E
Physical and magnetic properties of Ba(Fe_(1-x)Mn_x)_2As_2 single crystals
Creators: name: Thaler, A.
name: Hodovanets, H.
name: Torikachvili, M. S.
name: Ran, S.
name: Kracher, A.
name: Straszheim, W.
name: Yan, J. Q.
name: Mun, E.
name: Canfield, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single crystals of Ba(Fe_(1-x)Mn_x)_2As_2, 00.1-0.2. Our measurements show that whereas the structural/magnetic phase transition found in pure BaFe_2As_2 at 134 K is initially suppressed by Mn substitution, superconductivity is not observed at any substitution level. Although the effect of hydrostatic pressure up to 20 kbar in the parent BaFe_2As_2 compound is to suppress the structural/magnetic transition at the approximate rate of 0.9 K/kbar, the effects of pressure and Mn substitution in the x=0.102 compound are not cumulative. Phase diagrams of transition temperature versus substitution concentration, x, based on electrical transport, magnetization and thermopower measurements have been constructed and compared to those of the Ba(Fe_(1-x)TM_x)_2As_2 (TM=Co and Cr) series.
description: 17 pages, 19 figures, 1 table
An enhanced algorithm for multiple sequence alignment of protein sequences using genetic algorithm
Creators: name: Kumar, Manish
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2015
Subjects: bioinformatics
multiple sequence alignment
genetic algorithm
crossover operator
mutation operator

description: One of the most fundamental operations in biological sequence analysis is multiple sequence alignment (MSA). The basic of multiple sequence alignment problems is to determine the most biologically plausible alignments of protein or DNA sequences. In this paper, an alignment method using genetic algorithm for multiple sequence alignment has been proposed. Two different genetic operators mainly crossover and mutation were defined and implemented with the proposed method in order to know the population evolution and quality of the sequence aligned. The proposed method is assessed with protein benchmark dataset, e.g., BALIBASE, by comparing the obtained results to those obtained with other alignment algorithms, e.g., SAGA, RBT-GA, PRRP, HMMT, SB-PIMA, CLUSTALX, CLUSTAL W, DIALIGN and PILEUP8 etc. Experiments on a wide range of data have shown that the proposed algorithm is much better (it terms of score) than previously proposed algorithms in its ability to achieve high alignment quality.
description: EXCLI Journal; 14:Doc1232; ISSN 1611-2156
Handout / Adorno / Oberosler
Creators: name: Peter Oberosler
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Handout for the Seminar: Geschichte und Analyse von Musikkulturen II: Adorno at University Innsbruck / Musicology / SS 2014; 
Instructor: Prof. Dr. Monika Fink-Naumann / Speaker: Peter Oberosler;
Topic: Theodor W. Adorno;
Characterization of thermal effects in the Enhanced LIGO Input Optics
Creators: name: Dooley, K. L.
name: Arain, M. A.
name: Feldbaum, D.
name: Frolov, V. V.
name: Heintze, M.
name: Hoak, D.
name: Khazanov, E. A.
name: Lucianetti, A.
name: Martin, R. M.
name: Mueller, G.
name: Palashov, O.
name: Quetschke, V.
name: Reitze, D. H.
name: Savage, R. L.
name: Tanner, D. B.
name: Williams, L. F.
name: Wu, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the design and performance of the LIGO Input Optics subsystem as implemented for the sixth science run of the LIGO interferometers. The Initial LIGO Input Optics experienced thermal side effects when operating with 7 W input power. We designed, built, and implemented improved versions of the Input Optics for Enhanced LIGO, an incremental upgrade to the Initial LIGO interferometers, designed to run with 30 W input power. At four times the power of Initial LIGO, the Enhanced LIGO Input Optics demonstrated improved performance including better optical isolation, less thermal drift, minimal thermal lensing and higher optical efficiency. The success of the Input Optics design fosters confidence for its ability to perform well in Advanced LIGO.
Stability analysis of surface ion traps
Creators: name: Ozakin, Arkadas
name: Shaikh, Fayaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent developments in ion trap design and fabrication, we investigate the stability of ion motion in asymmetrical, planar versions of the classic Paul trap. The equations of motion of an ion in such a trap are generally coupled due to a nonzero relative angle $θ$ between the principal axes of RF and DC fields, invalidating the assumptions behind the standard stability analysis for symmetric Paul traps. We obtain stability diagrams for the coupled system for various values of $θ$, generalizing the standard $q$-$a$ stability diagrams. We use multi-scale perturbation theory to obtain approximate formulas for the boundaries of the primary stability region and obtain some of the stability boundaries independently by using the method of infinite determinants. We cross-check the consistency of the results of these methods. Our results show that while the primary stability region is quite robust to changes in $θ$, a secondary stability region is highly variable, joining the primary stability region at the special case of $θ=45^{\circ}$, which results in a significantly enlarged stability region for this particular angle. We conclude that while the stability diagrams for classical, symmetric Paul traps are not entirely accurate for asymmetric surface traps (or for other types of traps with a relative angle between the RF and DC axes), they are safe in the sense that operating conditions deemed stable according to standard stability plots are in fact stable for asymmetric traps, as well. By ignoring the coupling in the equations, one only underestimates the size of the primary stability region.
D meson nuclear modification factors in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV measured with the ALICE detector at the CERN-LHC
Creators: name: Grelli, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of the hot and dense QCD medium formed in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions, as well as the mechanism of in-medium partonic energy loss, can be accessed via the study of the D mesons nuclear modification factor. The ALICE experiment has measured D meson production in pp and Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC at $\sqrt{s}$ =7 and 2.76 TeV and at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV, respectively, via the exclusive reconstruction of hadronic decay channels. D mesons are selected by exploiting the high-resolution tracking performance and the hadron identification capabilities of the ALICE detectors. In this contribution we report on the analyses of the D$^0\rightarrow $K$^-π^+$, the D$^+ \rightarrow $K$^- π^+ π^+$ and the D$^{*+}\rightarrow $D$^0 π^+$ channels. The preliminary results on D mesons nuclear modification factors are presented.
description: 6 pages, SQM 2011 Conference Proceedings
title: The molecular and cellular differences between tendons and ligaments
Creators: name: Ashraf Kharaz, Y
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: Tendons and ligaments play key roles in the musculoskeletal system in both man and animals. Both tissues can often be injured as result of contact based accidents or ageing and disease, causing discomfort, pain and increased susceptibility to degenerative joint disease. To date, tendon and ligament biology is relatively under-studied in healthy, non-diseased tissues. This information is essential to understand the pathology of these tissues and vital for future development of tendon and ligament tissue-engineered structures. This thesis aims to investigate the molecular and cellular differences between tendons and ligaments around the canine stifle joint. The biochemical composition, structural, and morphological characteristics were identified between the different regions of the intra- articular cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) and extra-articular medial collateral ligament (MCL), and the positional long digital extensor tendon (LDET) and energy storing superficial digital flexor tendons (SDFT). Differences in proteome composition were also assessed between CCL and LDET. Cells isolated from canine CCL and LDET were cultured in a 3D in vitro fibrin culture model and measured for differences in structural, biochemical and proteome composition. Statistical significant differences in extracellular matrix (ECM) composition in terms of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) and elastin content were primarily detected in CCL in comparison to the other three tissues. The CCL was also found to have morphological differences including less compact collagen architecture, differences in cell nuclei phenotype, and increased (GAG) and elastin content. Proteomic comparison between CCL and LDET resulted in significantly abundant fibrocartilage proteins such as collagen type II, aggrecan, versican and chondroadherin in CCL, while the LDET was more abundant in asporin and thrombospondin-4. 3D tendon and ligament constructs were able to recapitulate tendon and ligamentous tissue characteristics particularly with regards to ECM proteins present, however both construct were less abundant in ECM protein and contained a greater proportion of cellular proteins, corresponding with low collagen and high level of DNA content measured in both constructs. 3D tendon and ligament constructs derived from tendon and ligament cells had similar ECM, proteomic and structural composition, indicating that cell source may not be an important factor for tendon or ligament tissue engineering.
title: Exploitation of adult Anopheles arabiensis behaviour and ecology for the dissemination of pyriproxyfen, a novel technique for malaria vector control in Tanzania
Creators: name: Lwetoijera, Dickson
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: Effective larviciding to manage mosquito aquatic habitats offers an additional strategy for malaria vector control by complementing benefits already achieved by long lasting insecticidetreated nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS). Sustainable implementation of larviciding requires comprehensive understanding of the ecology of disease vectors and robust monitoring of factors governing local disease transmission. Treatment of aquatic habitats with the juvenile hormone analogue Pyriproxyfen (PPF), inhibits adult mosquito emergence at extremely low concentrations that are potentially deliverable by PPF-contaminated gravid adult females, a phenomenon termed „autodissemination‟. The primary aim of this thesis was to investigate a range of adult mosquito behaviours that might be exploited to disseminate PPF. The effectiveness of PPF to sterilize adult mosquitoes for malaria vector control was also assessed in a controlled system. Vector dynamics, malaria transmission intensity and risk factors were evaluated at the field site where the PPF autodissemination strategy would be evaluated in field trials and potentially implemented. Field monitoring of indoor malaria transmission risk factors revealed that even in the communities with high coverage of bednets, LLINs did not reduce the indoor densities of An. gambiae s.l (RR= 0.74 (0.50 - 1.11, p > 0.05) but reduced An. funestus indoor densities by 56% (RR= 0.44 (0.23 - 0.87, p 95% (89.3 - 102.9%) reduction in adult An. arabiensis production. This research provides evidence on the need of better housing and larviciding to complement LLINs in controlling the remaining malaria transmission transmitted by An. funestus and An. arabiensis. It also demonstrated for the first time that the PPF autodissemination strategy and sterilization of adult females present a promising malaria vector control option for field trial. PPF-autodissemination can be integrated into a vector management toolbox to control outdoor malaria transmission and also target multiple disease-carrying mosquitoes that share aquatic habitats with malaria vectors. These findings highlight the potential of PPF for controlling outdoor and indoor malaria vectors and call for further testing in the field.
Cross-point architecture for spin transfer torque magnetic random access memory
Creators: name: Zhao, Weisheng
name: Chaudhuri, Sumanta
name: Accoto, Celso
name: Klein, Jacques-Olivier
name: Chappert, Claude
name: Mazoyer, Pascale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin transfer torque magnetic random access memory (STT-MRAM) is considered as one of the most promising candidates to build up a true universal memory thanks to its fast write/read speed, infinite endurance and non-volatility. However the conventional access architecture based on 1 transistor + 1 memory cell limits its storage density as the selection transistor should be large enough to ensure the write current higher than the critical current for the STT operation. This paper describes a design of cross-point architecture for STT-MRAM. The mean area per word corresponds to only two transistors, which are shared by a number of bits (e.g. 64). This leads to significant improvement of data density (e.g. 1.75 F2/bit). Special techniques are also presented to address the sneak currents and low speed issues of conventional cross-point architecture, which are difficult to surmount and few efficient design solutions have been reported in the literature. By using a STT-MRAM SPICE model including precise experimental parameters and STMicroelectronics 65 nm technology, some chip characteristic results such as cell area, data access speed and power have been calculated or simulated to demonstrate the expected performances of this new memory architecture.