cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Markov Process Admits a Consistent Steady-State Thermodynamic Formalism
Creators: name: Peng, Liangrong
name: Zhu, Yi
name: Hong, Liu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82Cxx, 41Axx

description: The seek for a new universal formulation for describing various non-equilibrium processes is a central task of modern non-equilibrium thermodynamics. In this paper, a novel steady-state thermodynamic formalism was established for general Markov processes described by the Chapman-Kolmogorov equation. Furthermore, corresponding formalisms of steady-state thermodynamics for master equation and Fokker-Planck equation could be rigorously derived in mathematics. To be concrete, we proved that: 1) in the limit of continuous time, the steady-state thermodynamic formalism for the Chapman-Kolmogorov equation fully agrees with that for the master equation; 2) a similar one-to-one correspondence could be established rigorously between the master equation and Fokker-Planck equation in the limit of large system size; 3) when a Markov process is restrained to one-step jump, the steady-state thermodynamic formalism for the Fokker-Planck equation with discrete state variables also goes to that for master equations, as the discretization step gets smaller and smaller. Our analysis indicated that, with respect to the steady state, general Markov processes admit a unified and self-consistent non-equilibrium thermodynamic formulation, regardless of underlying detailed models.
description: 23 pages
Properties of the BFKL equation and structure function predictions for HERA
Creators: name: Askew, A. J.
name: Kwiecinski, J.
name: Martin, A. D.
name: Sutton, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The general properties of the Lipatov or BFKL equation are reviewed. Modifications to the infrared region are proposed. Numerical predictions for the deep-inelastic electron-proton structure functions at small $x$ are presented and confronted with recent HERA measurements.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures, Latex file, Durham preprint DTP 92/28
Information Gain Propagation: a new way to Graph Active Learning with Soft Labels
Creators: name: Zhang, Wentao
name: Wang, Yexin
name: You, Zhenbang
name: Cao, Meng
name: Huang, Ping
name: Shan, Jiulong
name: Yang, Zhi
name: Cui, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved great success in various tasks, but their performance highly relies on a large number of labeled nodes, which typically requires considerable human effort. GNN-based Active Learning (AL) methods are proposed to improve the labeling efficiency by selecting the most valuable nodes to label. Existing methods assume an oracle can correctly categorize all the selected nodes and thus just focus on the node selection. However, such an exact labeling task is costly, especially when the categorization is out of the domain of individual expert (oracle). The paper goes further, presenting a soft-label approach to AL on GNNs. Our key innovations are: i) relaxed queries where a domain expert (oracle) only judges the correctness of the predicted labels (a binary question) rather than identifying the exact class (a multi-class question), and ii) new criteria of maximizing information gain propagation for active learner with relaxed queries and soft labels. Empirical studies on public datasets demonstrate that our method significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art GNN-based AL methods in terms of both accuracy and labeling cost.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 7 of Mining and evolution analysis of lateral organ boundaries domain (LBD) genes in Chinese white pear (Pyrus bretschneideri)
Creators: name: Song, Bobo
name: Tang, Zikai
name: Li, Xiaolong
name: Li, Jiaming
name: Zhang, Mingyue
name: Zhao, Kejiao
name: Liu, Hainan
name: Zhang, Shaoling
name: Wu, Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7: Figure S4. The percentage of LBD genes of each class in three species, including apple, pear and Arabidopsis.
Reconstruction of galaxy physical properties and Star Formation Histories of high-z star forming galaxies: from VANDELS
Creators: name: Lucia, Pozzetti
name: Citro Annalisa
name: Margherita, Talia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The physical properties of high-z star_forming galaxies (SFGs), for both stellar populations and gas, are generally inferred from rest-UV spectra, accessible at z > 1. Estimates of ages, metallicities, stellar masses, extinction and SFRs are derived from SED fitting or investigating the UV continuum. Some of the absorption or emission UV spectral features visible can also be used as tracers of their properties. In this work, we apply full-spectrum fitting and decomposition to a sample of high-SNR spectra of SFGs at 2<z<3 from the public survey VANDELS to derive evolutionary properties (i.e. ages, metallicities, dust extinction) and the SFHs. This represents a step forward with respect to many works that rely on a priori assumption of the SFHs.
Noncommutative Davis type decompositions and applications
Creators: name: Randrianantoanina, Narcisse
name: Wu, Lian
name: Xu, Quanhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L53, 60G42

description: We prove the noncommutative Davis decomposition for the column Hardy space $\H_p^c$ for all $0
Reionization: Characteristic Scales, Topology and Observability
Creators: name: Iliev, Ilian T.
name: Shapiro, Paul R.
name: Mellema, Garrelt
name: Pen, Ue-Li
name: McDonald, Patrick
name: Alvarez, Marcelo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently the numerical simulations of the process of reionization of the universe at z>6 have made a qualitative leap forward, reaching sufficient sizes and dynamic range to determine the characteristic scales of this process. This allowed making the first realistic predictions for a variety of observational signatures. We discuss recent results from large-scale radiative transfer and structure formation simulations on the observability of high-redshift Ly-alpha sources. We also briefly discuss the dependence of the characteristic scales and topology of the ionized and neutral patches on the reionization parameters.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures (4 in color), to appear in Astronomy and Space Science special issue "Space Astronomy: The UV window to the Universe", proceedings of 1st NUVA Conference ``Space Astronomy: The UV window to the Universe'' in El Escorial (Spain)
The Nutrition & Activity Ontology (NAct)
Creators: name: Tsatsou, Dorothea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: ontology
nutrition
physical activity
healthy living
resource
semantic
personalization
personalized nutrition

description: Current version of the Nutrition & Activity ontology (NAct), as released on GitHub. The Nutrition and Activity Ontology (NAct) is designed to drive personalised nutritional and physical activity recommendations and effectively support healthy living, through a reasoning-based AI decision support system. NAct coalesces nutritional, medical, behavioural and lifestyle indicators with dietary and physical activity directives. GitHub repository
 GitHub page

description: Version 1.4 was used in PROTEIN project's first user pilots. v1.4.1 only created for linking the release to Zenodo.
SO(10) Cosmic Strings and SU(3) Color Cheshire Charge
Creators: name: Bucher, M.
name: Goldhaber, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Certain cosmic strings that occur in GUT models such as $SO(10)$ can carry a magnetic flux which acts nontrivially on objects carrying $SU(3)_{color}$ quantum numbers. We show that such strings are non-Abelian Alice strings carrying nonlocalizable colored ``Cheshire" charge. We examine claims made in the literature that $SO(10)$ strings can have a long-range, topological Aharonov-Bohm interaction that turns quarks into leptons, and observe that such a process is impossible. We also discuss flux-flux scattering using a multi-sheeted formalism.
description: 37 Pages, 8 Figures (available upon request) phyzzx, iassns-hep-93-6, itp-sb-93-60
Holomorphic Structure of Middle Bol Loops
Creators: name: Jaíyéolá, Tèmítópé Gbóláhàn
name: David, Sunday Peter
name: Ilojide, Emmanuel
name: Oyebo, Yakub Tunde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20N02 (Primary), 20N05 (Secondary)

description: A loop $(Q,\cdot,\backslash,/)$ is called a middle Bol loop if it obeys the identity $x(yz\backslash x)=(x/z)(y\backslash x)$. To every right (left) Bol loop corresponds a middle Bol loop via an isostrophism. In this paper, the structure of the holomorph of a middle Bol loop is explored. For some special types of automorphisms, the holomorph of a commutative loop is shown to be a commutative middle Bol loop if and only if the loop is a middle Bol loop and its automorphism group is abelian and a subgroup of both the group of middle regular mappings and the right multiplication group. It was found that commutativity (flexibility) is a necessary and sufficient condition for holomorphic invariance under the existing isostrophy between middle Bol loops and the corresponding right (left) Bol loops. The right combined holomorph of a middle Bol loop and its corresponding right (left) Bol loop was shown to be equal to the holomorph of the middle Bol loop if and only if the automorphism group is abelian and a subgroup of the multiplication group of the middle Bol loop. The obedience of an identity dependent on automorphisms was found to be a necessary and sufficient condition the left combined holomorph of a middle Bol loop and its corresponding left Bol loop to be equal to the holomorph of the middle Bol loop.
description: 15 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1606.09169
An Aggregative Theory for a Closed Economy
Creators: name: Brunner, Karl
name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: For more than a generation, aggregative analysis of a closed economy has remained within the confines of the Keynesian framework as interpreted by Hicks (1937). Metzler (1951), Patinkin (1965) and others provided an alternative interpretation of Keynes (1936). Later extensions introduced anticipations and growth without altering the main qualitative conclusions. In both interpretations, the short-run response to monetary and fiscal policy is transmitted mainly by interest rates and depends on properties of the demand function for money and the expenditure function. A large interest elasticity of the demand for money increases the short-run response of output to fiscal policy. A large interest elasticity of consumption or investment expenditure increases the short-run response of output to monetary policy.
Adsorption and diffusion of methane and light gases in 3D nano-porous graphene sponge
Creators: name: Xu, Pengfei
name: Rahmani, Farzin
name: Chiew, Yee C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Advances in graphene assembly has shown that mechanically strong 3D nano-porous graphene sponge (NGS) can potentially be used for gas separation. The objectives of this computational study are to: (i) explore the use of NGS as adsorbent for separating light gases and light hydrocarbons from methane, and (ii) assess the potential of using NGS as a membrane for methane/ethane gas separation. A 3D nano-porous graphene sponge was constructed by reacting graphene flakes in the presence of inert non-reactive particles using Reactive Force Field (ReaxFF) molecular dynamics. We performed grand canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) simulation to determine the adsorption capacity of NGS for methane, ethane, propane, butane, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen. In addition, GCMC simulations were performed on methane/ethane, methane/carbon dioxide, and nitrogen/methane gas mixtures to determine the selectivity for these gases on NGS. Our results show that graphene sponge has high selectivity for ethane over methane and methane over nitrogen. In addition, we obtained the diffusion coefficients of methane and ethane in NGS and estimated the perm-selectivity of ethane over methane. Because of its high solubility in graphene sponge, the perm-selectivity of ethane over methane is 4.76, despite its lower diffusion coefficient, suggesting that it could potentially be used as a membrane for separating ethane from methane.
Fast Truncated SVD of Sparse and Dense Matrices on Graphics Processors
Creators: name: Tomas, Andres E.
name: Quintana-Orti, Enrique S.
name: Anzt, Hartwig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.4.5

description: We investigate the solution of low-rank matrix approximation problems using the truncated SVD. For this purpose, we develop and optimize GPU implementations for the randomized SVD and a blocked variant of the Lanczos approach. Our work takes advantage of the fact that the two methods are composed of very similar linear algebra building blocks, which can be assembled using numerical kernels from existing high-performance linear algebra libraries. Furthermore, the experiments with several sparse matrices arising in representative real-world applications and synthetic dense test matrices reveal a performance advantage of the block Lanczos algorithm when targeting the same approximation accuracy.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Alternative Vehicle Power Sources: Towards a Life Cycle Inventory
Creators: name: Lankey, Rebecca
name: McMichael, Francis
name: Maclean, Heather
name: Lave, Lester B.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Three alternatives to internal combustion vehicles currently being researched, developed, and commercialized are electric, hybrid electric, and fuel-cell vehicles. A total life-cycle inventory for an alternative vehicle must include factors such as the impacts of car body materials, tires, and paints. However, these issues are shared with gasoline-powered vehicles; the most significant difference between these vehicles is the power source. This paper focuses on the most distinct and challenging aspect of alternative-fuel vehicles, the power sources. The life-cycle impacts of battery systems for electric and hybrid vehicles are assessed. Less data is publicly available on the fuel cell; however, we offer a preliminary discussion of the environmental issues unique to fuel cells. For each of these alternative vehicles, a primary environmental hurdle is the consumption of materials specific to the power sources.
Real Size And Membership Richness Determination Of High-Latitude Open Clusters
Creators: name: Tadross, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use proper motion measurements to determine the real size and membership richness of a sample of open clusters located at high galactic latitudes (40 < |b| < 90).
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, published in Romanian Astronomical Journal Vol. 15, No. 1, p. 3-7, Bucharest, 2005
On the Determination of the $b \rightarrow c$ Handedness Using Nonleptonic $Λ_c$-Decays
Creators: name: Konig, B.
name: Korner, J. G.
name: Kramer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider possibilities to determine the handedness of $b \ra c$ current transitions using semileptonic baryonic $Λ_{b} \rightarrow Λ_{c}$ transitions. We propose to analyze the longitudinal polarization of the daughter baryon $Λ_c$ by using momentum-spin correlation measurements in the form of forward-backward (FB) asymmetry measures involving its nonleptonic decay products. We use an explicit form factor model to determine the longitudinal polarization of the $Λ_c$ in the semileptonic decay $Λ_b \ra Λ_c + l^- + \bar ν_l$. The mean longitudinal polarization of the $Λ_c$ is negative (positive) for left-chiral (right-chiral) $b \ra c$ current transitions. The frame dependent longitudinal polarization of the $Λ_c$ is large ($\cong 80\%$) in the $Λ_b$ rest frame and somewhat smaller (30\% - 40\%) in the lab frame when the $Λ_b$'s are produced on the $Z_0$ peak. We suggest to use nonleptonic decay modes of the $Λ_c$ to analyze its polarization and thereby to determine the chirality of the $b \ra c$ transition. Since the $Λ_b$'s produced on the $Z_0$ are expected to be polarized we discuss issues of the polarization transfer in $Λ_b \ra Λ_c$ transitions. We also investigate the $p_\perp$- and $p$-cut sensitivity of our predictions for the polarization of the $Λ_c$.
description: 11 pages, Latex, DESY 93-135, 3 Figures (not included, available by fax upon request to T00KRM@DHHDESY3.DESY.DE)
High Contrast Observations of Bright Stars with a Starshade
Creators: name: Harness, Anthony
name: Cash, Webster
name: Warwick, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starshades are a leading technology to enable the direct detection and spectroscopic characterization of Earth-like exoplanets. In an effort to advance starshade technology through system level demonstrations, the McMath-Pierce Solar Telescope was adapted to enable the suppression of astronomical sources with a starshade. The long baselines achievable with the heliostat provide measurements of starshade performance at a flight-like Fresnel number and resolution, aspects critical to the validation of optical models. The heliostat has provided the opportunity to perform the first astronomical observations with a starshade and has made science accessible in a unique parameter space, high contrast at moderate inner working angles. On-sky images are valuable for developing the experience and tools needed to extract science results from future starshade observations. We report on high contrast observations of nearby stars provided by a starshade. We achieve 5.6e-7 contrast at 30 arcseconds inner working angle on the star Vega and provide new photometric constraints on background stars near Vega.
description: 29 pages, 18 figures. Published in Experimental Astronomy, Exp Astron (2017)
Quasi-Hermitian supersymmetric extensions of a non-Hermitian oscillator Hamiltonian and of its generalizations
Creators: name: Quesne, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian augmented by a non-Hermitian \pt-symmetric part and its su(1,1) generalizations, for which a family of positive-definite metric operators was recently constructed, are re-examined in a supersymmetric context. Quasi-Hermitian supersymmetric extensions of such Hamiltonians are proposed by enlarging su(1,1) to a ${\rm su}(1,1/1) \sim {\rm osp}(2/2, \R)$ superalgebra. This allows the construction of new non-Hermitian Hamiltonians related by similarity to Hermitian ones. Some examples of them are reviewed.
description: 15 pages, no figure; published version
Photochemical behaviour of Schiff base liquid crystals based on isoxazole and isoxazoline ring. A kinetic approach
Creators: name: Fritsch, Luma
name: Lavayen, Vladimir
name: Aloir A. Merlo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The kinetic study on the hydrolysis of Schiff bases (SBs) 1a-c and 2a-c induced by UV-vis was undertaken as a complementary study of the stability in solution and in bulk of the SBs. Solutions in chloroform were exposed to UV-vis and acquisition data occurred for 1a-c and for 2a-c in 21°C, 30 °C, 35°C and 40°C. Kinetic profile for 1a-c and 2a-c displayed the similar photochemical behaviour in that four temperature values. At 21°C, two kinetic regimes were observed where the decomposition of SBs is faster at the initial stage, with no linear plot of absorbance vs time, and after the kinetic profile obeyed a linear behaviour. A mathematical treatment of the experimental data was applied, which allowed associating the initial stage data with a second-order reaction, and the final stage of the hydrolysis with a first-order reaction. The mechanism of photochemical hydrolysis of SBs 1a and 2a was addressed. It was composed of three parts, the excitation, then the isomerisation and activation processes of tetrahedral intermediate and, the last process, a collapse of the intermediate to the yielded products of the hydrolysis aldehydes and amines which were detected by their UV-vis spectrum.
Multiphoton Transitions in a Spin System Driven by Strong Bichromatic Field
Creators: name: Saiko, A. P.
name: Fedoruk, G. G.
name: Markevich, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: EPR transient nutation spectroscopy is used to measure the effective field (Rabi frequency) for multiphoton transitions in a two-level spin system bichromatically driven by a transverse microwave (MW) field and a longitudinal radio-frequency (RF) field. The behavior of the effective field amplitude is examined in the case of a relatively strong MW field, when the derivation of the effective Hamiltonian cannot be reduced to first-order perturbation theory in w_{1} / w_{rf} (w_{1} is the microwave Rabi frequency, w_{rf} is the RF frequency). Experimental results are consistently interpreted by taking into account the contributions of second and third order in w_{1} / w_{rf} evaluated by Krylov-Bogolyubov-Mitropolsky averaging. In the case of inhomogeneously broadened EPR line, the third-order correction modifies the nutation frequency, while the second-order correction gives rise to a change in the nutation amplitude due to a Bloch-Siegert shift.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Anthocyanins increase serum adiponectin in newly diagnosed diabetes but not in prediabetes: a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Yang, Liping
name: Ling, Wenhua
name: Qiu, Yun
name: Liu, Yong
name: Wang, Li
name: Yang, Jing
name: Wang, Changyi
name: Ma, Jianping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1: Baseline characteristic of the participants; Table S2: The adverse events reported in the trial; Table S3: Average daily intake of food groups and nutrients by the participants at baseline and 12 weeks; Table S4: Changes in adiponectin and glucolipid metabolic markers after 12-week intervention in subjects with newly diagnosed diabetes; Table S5: Changes in adiponectin and glucolipid metabolic markers after 12-week intervention in subjects with prediabetes.
On the Asymptotics of Nielsen-Olesen Vortices
Creators: name: Perivolaropoulos, Leandros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate analytically and numerically the asymptotic behavior of the Nielsen-Olesen vortex solutions and show that they approach their asymptotic values exponentially but with exponents that differ from the ones quoted in the literature. In particular, it is shown that for values of the Higgs self-coupling that are larger than a critical value, both the Higgs field and the gauge field approach exponentially their asymptotic values with {\it equal} exponents that are {\it independent} of the Higgs self-coupling.
description: Accepted in Phys. Rev. D (to appear in the December 15 issue). 5 pages plus 1 figure available from the author. Use Latex
Two positivity conjectures for Kerov polynomials
Creators: name: Lassalle, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Kerov polynomials express the normalized characters of irreducible representations of the symmetric group, evaluated on a cycle, as polynomials in the free cumulants of the associated Young diagram. We present two positivity conjectures for their coefficients. The latter are stronger than the positivity conjecture of Kerov-Biane, recently proved by Feray.
description: 15 pages, LaTeX, final version, to appear in Adv. Appl. Math
Investigating the effect of dietary cholesterol on the intestine in zebrafish larvae
Creators: name: Charlwood, Kathryn
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: The incidence of chronic inflammatory diseases has risen over the past few decades, particularly in Western societies. This increased incidence of disease has coincided with a number of lifestyle changes such as a shift in dietary habits to high lipid, high sugar diets and widespread use of antibiotics. High lipid diets specifically have been associated with intestinal disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease. A zebrafish model of a high cholesterol diet (HCD) has been found to cause inflammasome-dependent intestinal immune cell accumulation and peristalsis impairment. This PhD project used juvenile zebrafish larvae as a model organism to further investigate the effects of a 9-day HCD and antibiotic treatment on intestinal motility and inflammation. A 9-day HCD only induced peristalsis impairment and increased intestinal transit time in the presence of the antibiotic penicillin-streptomycin (PS). HCD-fed PS-treated (HCD+PS) larvae had increased levels of intestinal immune cell accumulation compared with control-fed PS-treated larvae, but similar levels of accumulation compared with untreated larvae. In untreated larvae, HCD did not increase immune cell accumulation compared with control-fed larvae. To investigate the role of antibiotic treatment on HCD-induced intestinal dysfunction, the effect of PS treatment on the microbiota was assessed. PS treatment reduced the diversity of the microbiota and altered the microbiota composition. Analysis of microbial metabolism indicated that PS-treatment may increase the production of pro-atherosclerotic compound trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). HCD+PS larvae showed greater gut microbiota compositional changes and showed indications of further TMAO production compared to PS-treated or HCD-fed larvae alone. These results demonstrate that antibiotic treatment can significantly affect the intestinal response to dietary cholesterol in a pathophysiologically relevant model of HCD-induced intestinal dysfunction. Overall, these findings highlight that antibiotic-induced alterations of the microbiota composition can lead to changes in nutrient handling and may contribute to the development of a pro-inflammatory state.
Alternative transport fuels for the future
Creators: name: Maclean, Heather
name: Lave, Lester B
name: W. Michael  Griffin
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Petroleum fuels, which are not sustainable and which contribute substantially to greenhouse gas emissions, power nearly all light-duty vehicles. We review the North American literature on alternative fuels such as natural gas, ethanol from corn and biomass, and hydrogen and electricity from renewable resources, as well as propulsion systems including internal combustion engines, electric motors, and fuel cells. Vehicle characteristics including emissions, safety and consumer attributes such as range and power are examined. Results for greenhouse gas emissions and energy use for the well-to-wheel (fuel production and vehicle operation) aspects of the life cycles of the fuel/vehicle combinations are evaluated. While fuel cells and batteries might some day be attractive, in the near term they cannot replace the internal combustion engine. We focus on ethanol and explore its potential to replace nearly all gasoline used in the United States and Canada. We conclude that ethanol produced from biomass is an attractive near/midterm fuel among those that are sustainable.
The carbon-rich type Ic SN 2007gr: the photospheric phase
Creators: name: Valenti, S.
name: Elias-Rosa, N.
name: Taubenberger, S.
name: Stanishev, V.
name: Agnoletto, I.
name: Sauer, D.
name: Cappellaro, E.
name: Pastorello, A.
name: Benetti, S.
name: Riffeser, A.
name: Hopp, U.
name: Navasardyan, H.
name: Tsvetkov, D.
name: Lorenzi, V.
name: Patat, F.
name: Turatto, M.
name: Barbon, R.
name: Ciroi, S.
name: Di Mille, F.
name: Frandsen, S.
name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
name: Laursen, P.
name: Mazzali, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first two months of spectroscopic and photometric monitoring of the nearby type Ic SN 2007gr are presented. The very early discovery (less than 5 days after the explosion) and the relatively short distance of the host galaxy motivated an extensive observational campaign. SN 2007gr shows an average peak luminosity but unusually narrow spectral lines and an almost flat photospheric velocity profile. The detection of prominent carbon features in the spectra is shown and suggest a wide range in carbon abundance in stripped-envelope supernovae. SN 2007gr may be an important piece in the puzzle of the observed diversity of CC SNe.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
LLMs Still Can't Avoid Instanceof: An Investigation Into GPT-3.5, GPT-4 and Bard's Capacity to Handle Object-Oriented Programming Assignments
Creators: name: Cipriano, Bruno Pereira
name: Alves, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as promising tools to assist students while solving programming assignments. However, object-oriented programming (OOP), with its inherent complexity involving the identification of entities, relationships, and responsibilities, is not yet mastered by these tools. Contrary to introductory programming exercises, there exists a research gap with regard to the behavior of LLMs in OOP contexts. In this study, we experimented with three prominent LLMs - GPT-3.5, GPT-4, and Bard - to solve real-world OOP exercises used in educational settings, subsequently validating their solutions using an Automatic Assessment Tool (AAT). The findings revealed that while the models frequently achieved mostly working solutions to the exercises, they often overlooked the best practices of OOP. GPT-4 stood out as the most proficient, followed by GPT-3.5, with Bard trailing last. We advocate for a renewed emphasis on code quality when employing these models and explore the potential of pairing LLMs with AATs in pedagogical settings. In conclusion, while GPT-4 showcases promise, the deployment of these models in OOP education still mandates supervision.
description: This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here for your personal use. Not for redistribution. The definitive Version of Record was published in the Proceedings of the 46th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering Education and Training track (ICSE-SEET '24, Lisbon, Portugal)
Lettre de Jean-Antoine-Hubert Roudil de Berriac à Jean-François Séguier, 1770-10-01
Creators: name: Roudil de Berriac, Jean-Antoine-Hubert
name: Jean-Antoine-Hubert Roudil De Berriac
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021
Subjects: Antiquités (général)
Epigraphie

description: [transcription] A Carcassonne, le 1 octobre 1770.

Monsieur,

J'ai été surpris fort agréablement en recevant votre lettre qui contient la liste des médailles gauloises dont parle Bouteroue dans l'introduction au traité des Monnaies de France. La complaisance que vous avez eu de me les transcrire est d'un prix inestimable vu la raareté de l'ouvrage de Bouteroue et je vous en remercie bien sincérement. Puisque vous avez encore ce livre je vous prie de le garder s'il est possible jusqu'à la fin du mois. Je compte aller dans quinze jours ou trois semaines à Montpellier et de là à Nîmes pour vous voir, sans vous déranger des occupations que vous avez et que je me ferai scrupule d'interrompre, et faire quelques recherches sur trois ou quatre nouvelles inscriptions des Galates que j'ai découvertes. Je serai à portée de parcourir aussi l'ouvrage de Bouteroue et d'extraire ce qu'il dit des monnaies gauloises qu'il cite. Je vois par votre liste que votre médailler est riche en ce genre.

Pardonnez-moi, Monsieur, d'avoir tardé à vous faire mes remerciements des extraits que vous m'avez envoyés de la Science des médailles. J'ai appris avec douleur la mort de M. de Rochemore; c'est une grande perte pour vous, Monsieur, qui étiez son ami et pour l'Académie qui est privée d'un homme de lettres, le seul peut être après vous qui s'appliquât à l'étude de l'antiquité.

Si je n'avais respecté vos occupations j'aurais pris la liberté de vous adresser mon petit essai sur les médailles des Galates Voudrez vous me permettre de vous le laisser et de vous prier de me marquer quand vous en aurez le loisir vos observations. Je ne reviendrai [fol. 245 v] pas ici sans avoir passé une nuit au bourg de Saint-Andéol et fait un nouvel effort pour déchiffrer l'inscription du Dieu Mithras.

J'avais déjà vu le programme de l'Académie de Toulouse. Le sujet qu'elle a proposé est vaste et je ne suis pas étonné qu'aucun des ouvrages qui ont concouru n'ait encore rempli ses vues.

J'ai l'honneur d'être avec l'attachement le plus sincère et le plus respectueux

Monsieur

Votre très humble et très

obéissant serviteur

Roudil de Berriac

M. Albert et mon frère vous assurent de leurs respects. Les miens, je vous prie à Monsieur votre frère et à Mademoiselle Séguier.
description: [personnes citées] Alexandre-Henri-Pierre, marquis de Rochemore, Joseph Maximilien Séguier, Marianne Séguier
description: [reférence bibliographique citée] Bouteroue, Claude, Recherches curieuses des monnoies de France, Paris, Edme Martin, 1666.
description: Source: [lieu de Conservation] Nîmes, Bibliothèque Carré d'Art [cote]ms. 147_20, fol. 245
description: Source: ark:/12148/btv1b100160577
Long-chain lysine fatty acylation: a chemical proteomics study
Creators: name: Sun, Yunyun
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Lysine fatty acylation is a class of post translational modifications, including acetylation, propionylation, butyrylation, myristoylation and palmitoylation, that has been identified in histone proteins, indicating that lysine fatty acylation might be involved in very diverse cell pathways and biological functions in mammalian cells. However, the understanding of this class of PTMs is very poor due to the limited techniques available for detecting the acylated lysine side sites. This thesis focuses on lysine long-chain fatty acylation (LCFA) and aims at developing methodologies and a workflow for detecting and characterising lysine-acylated proteins in mammalian cells. An array of tools including metabolic labelling, proteomics, inhibition of background PTMs are employed in this study, which provides the first attempted global profiling of long chain lysine fatty acylated proteins in mammalian cells. The major challenge of this work is the presence of two most common types of fatty acylation in mammalian cells - N-terminal myristoylation and S-palmitoylation - which hinder the detection of lysine LCFA. Further to this, observation of lysine acylated proteins is also hindered by potential long-chain deacylation on lysine residues by proteins such as the sirtuin family. Strategies are developed and optimised in the thesis to 1) decrease background noise caused by N‑terminal myristoylation and S‑palmitoylation and 2) increase lysine LCFA level through sirtuin inhibition and N-terminal myristoylation knock-down, along with chemical tagging and LC-MS/MS to unpick this intriguing and understudied class of PTMs.
MPEC 2025-D222 : 2015 FO495
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2015 FO495

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Superfluid turbulence and pulsar glitch statistics
Creators: name: Melatos, A.
name: Peralta, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental evidence is reviewed for the existence of superfluid turbulence in a differentially rotating, spherical shell at high Reynolds numbers ($\Rey\gsim 10^3$), such as the outer core of a neutron star. It is shown that torque variability increases with $\Rey$, suggesting that glitch activity in radio pulsars may be a function of $\Rey$ as well. The $\Rey$ distribution of the 67 glitching radio pulsars with characteristic ages $τ_c \leq 10^6$ {\rm yr} is constructed from radio timing data and cooling curves and compared with the $\Rey$ distribution of all 348 known pulsars with $τ_c \leq 10^6$ {\rm yr}. The two distributions are different, with a Kolmogorov-Smirnov probability $\geq 1 - 3.9 \times 10^{-3}$. The conclusion holds for (modified) Urca and nonstandard cooling, and for Newtonian and superfluid viscosities.
The role of pre-existing intra-basement structures on the structural evolution of rift basins
Creators: name: Lenhart, Antje
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Rifting of continental crust is likely to be influenced by pre-existing intra-basement structures inherited from previous tectonic events. However, the origin, nature, 3D geometry and the mechanisms controlling the reactivation of these pre-existing structures during later phases of rifting are not well understood. This is mainly due to limitations in borehole penetration, seismic imaging and complex overprinting of multiple phases of deformation. This study investigates how structures related to the Caledonian orogeny and subsequent Devonian extensional tectonics influence the structural evolution and geometry of the North Sea rift basin. In a first step, the lithological composition and three-dimensional structural architecture of crystalline basement is established using borehole, 3D seismic reflection and potential field data, as well as correlations with the Norwegian onshore geology. In addition, synthetic seismogram modelling and 2D forward modelling of gravity and magnetic data are used to constrain the seismic interpretation of the subsurface. Having determined the structural configuration of crystalline basement, this study then investigates the 3D-geometrical and kinematic relationships between intra-basement structures and rift-related normal faults and discusses the relative influence of inherited structures on rift geometry at the local and regional scale. Results show that crystalline basement is highly heterogeneous, comprising various igneous and metamorphic rock types, exhumed metamorphic core complexes, discrete brittle and ductile structures, and pervasive fabrics and structural lineaments. Those intra-basement structures are oriented obliquely to the rift axis and can be correlated with Caledonian and Devonian faults, folds and shear zones onshore. Detailed structural analyses show that both reactivation and non-reactivation of pre-existing structures occurs. The main identified control factors for reactivation are: 1) the scale (i.e. width, length, spacing and depth extent); 2) 3D geometry (i.e. strike and dip); 3) rheology; and 4) the orientation of the pre-existing structure relative to regional stress field. Furthermore, upper-crustal intra-basement structures can influence fault geometries at the local scale, whereas crustal-scale pre-existing weaknesses are more likely to control the overall rift geometry. Results of this study correlate with findings from previous field, subsurface and modelling studies and improve our understanding of the role of structural inheritance on rift evolution.
Allocation and Taxation in Uncommitted Societies
Creators: name: Sleet, Christopher
name: Sevin Yeltekin Sleet
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We analyze the properties of credible equilibria in dynamic settings with privately informed agents, capital accumulation and a lack of societal commitment. We show that a lack of commitment tilts the social tradeoff between equality and incentives towards the former and has ambiguous implications for capital accumulation. We isolate forces that promote and retard capital accumulation in these settings, derive the pattern of intertemporal wedges that characterize optimal credible allocations and show that these allocations solve the problem of a committed pseudo-planner with perturbed preferences and production possibilities. We obtain implementations of credible societal optima that feature progressive taxes on capital. Finally, we derive asset pricing implications of no commitment-private information models.
Diquark Corrleations in the nucleon structure function
Creators: name: Suzuki, K.
name: Shigetani, T.
name: Toki, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nucleon structure functions are studied with a special emphasis on diquark correlations inside the nucleon. Assuming a phenomenological diquark-quark model of the nucleon at the low energy hadronic scale, we calculate the leading twist contributions to the nucleon structure functions. We take the Nambu and Jona-Lasinio model for the calculation of the quark distributions in the diquarks, and use the convolution method for the diquark scattering process. The resulting quark distributions are evolved to the experimental momentum scale using the perturbative QCD. We discuss the flavor dependence of the nucleon structure functions and the importance of the quark-quark correlations for the understanding of the nucleon structure.
description: 18pages, TMU-NT-931001. 6 figures included in a separate uuencoded postscript files
FARPLS: A Feature-Augmented Robot Trajectory Preference Labeling System to Assist Human Labelers' Preference Elicitation
Creators: name: Lyu, Hanfang
name: Bai, Yuanchen
name: Liang, Xin
name: Das, Ujaan
name: Shi, Chuhan
name: Gong, Leiliang
name: Li, Yingchi
name: Sun, Mingfei
name: Ge, Ming
name: Ma, Xiaojuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Preference-based learning aims to align robot task objectives with human values. One of the most common methods to infer human preferences is by pairwise comparisons of robot task trajectories. Traditional comparison-based preference labeling systems seldom support labelers to digest and identify critical differences between complex trajectories recorded in videos. Our formative study (N = 12) suggests that individuals may overlook non-salient task features and establish biased preference criteria during their preference elicitation process because of partial observations. In addition, they may experience mental fatigue when given many pairs to compare, causing their label quality to deteriorate. To mitigate these issues, we propose FARPLS, a Feature-Augmented Robot trajectory Preference Labeling System. FARPLS highlights potential outliers in a wide variety of task features that matter to humans and extracts the corresponding video keyframes for easy review and comparison. It also dynamically adjusts the labeling order according to users' familiarities, difficulties of the trajectory pair, and level of disagreements. At the same time, the system monitors labelers' consistency and provides feedback on labeling progress to keep labelers engaged. A between-subjects study (N = 42, 105 pairs of robot pick-and-place trajectories per person) shows that FARPLS can help users establish preference criteria more easily and notice more relevant details in the presented trajectories than the conventional interface. FARPLS also improves labeling consistency and engagement, mitigating challenges in preference elicitation without raising cognitive loads significantly
description: Accepted to ACM Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces (IUI) 2024, March 18-21, 2024, Greenville, SC, USA