cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Финансовое право
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Профобразование, Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2025

description: Практикум содержит краткие теоретические сведения и комплекс заданий по наиболее важным институтам финансового права. Рассмотрены такие темы, как принципы и сущностные характеристики финансовой деятельности государства, организация финансового контроля, основы бюджетного права и бюджетного процесса, правовой режим государственных внебюджетных фондов социального назначения, правовое регулирование государственных доходов, в том числе государственного кредита и государственного долга, страхования за счет средств государственного бюджета и банковской деятельности. Предлагаемые задания основаны на практической деятельности органов публичной власти, в том числе правоохранительных и контрольно-надзорных органов. Практикум подготовлен в соответствии с Федеральным государственным образовательным стандартом среднего профессионального образования. Предназначен для студентов укрупненной группы специальностей «Юриспруденция», изучающих дисциплину «Финансовое право».
Distribution of the very first PopIII stars and their relation to bright z~6 quasars
Creators: name: Trenti, M.
name: Stiavelli, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the link between dark matter halos hosting the first PopIII stars and the rare, massive, halos that are generally considered to host bright quasars at high redshift z~6. The main question that we intend to answer is whether the super-massive black holes powering these QSOs grew out from the seeds planted by the first intermediate massive black holes created in the universe. This question involves a dynamical range of 10^13 in mass and we address it by combining N-body simulations of structure formation to identify the most massive halos at z~6 with a Monte Carlo method based on linear theory to obtain the location and formation times of the first light halos within the whole simulation box. We show that the descendants of the first ~10^6 Msun virialized halos do not, on average, end up in the most massive halos at z~6, but rather live in a large variety of environments. The oldest PopIII progenitors of the most massive halos at z~6, form instead from density peaks that are on average one and a half standard deviations more common than the first PopIII star formed in the volume occupied by one bright high-z QSO. The intermediate mass black hole seeds planted by the very first PopIII stars at z>40 can easily grow to masses m_BH>10^9.5 Msun by z=6 assuming Eddington accretion with radiative efficiency ε~0.1. Quenching of the black hole accretion is therefore crucial to avoid an overabundance of supermassive black holes at lower redshift. This can be obtained if the mass accretion is limited to a fraction η~6*10^{-3} of the total baryon mass of the halo hosting the black hole. The resulting high end slope of the black hole mass function at z=6 is α~ -3.7, a value within the 1σerror bar for the bright end slope of the observed quasar luminosity function at z=6.
description: 30 pages, 9 figures, ApJ accepted
From Radio Channel Modeling to a System Level Perspective in Body-Centric Communications
Creators: name: Rosini, Ramona <1981>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: ING-INF/03 Telecomunicazioni

description: Body-centric communications are emerging as a new paradigm in the panorama of personal communications. Being concerned with human behaviour, they are suitable for a wide variety of applications. The advances in the miniaturization of portable devices to be placed on or around the body, foster the diffusion of these systems, where the human body is the key element defining communication characteristics.

This thesis investigates the human impact on body-centric communications under its distinctive aspects. First of all, the unique propagation environment defined by the body is described through a scenario-based channel modeling approach, according to the communication scenario considered, i.e., on- or on- to off-body. The novelty introduced pertains to the description of radio channel features accounting for multiple sources of variability at the same time. Secondly, the importance of a proper channel characterisation is shown integrating the on-body channel model in a system level simulator, allowing a more realistic comparison of different Physical and Medium Access Control layer solutions. Finally, the structure of a comprehensive simulation framework for system performance evaluation is proposed. It aims at merging in one tool, mobility and social features typical of the human being, together with the propagation aspects, in a scenario where multiple users interact sharing space and resources.
Αναδιοργάνωση τραπεζικού κλάδου στην περίοδο της κρίσης
Creators: name: Σκούρας, Κωνσταντίνος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Αναδιοργάνωση τραπεζικού κλάδου
subject: Τραπεζικός τομέας

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία επιδιώκει την προσέγγιση ενός εξαιρετικά σημαντικού ζητήματος που αφορά στην αναδιάρθρωση των πιστωτικών ιδρυμάτων, τα οποία ειδικά κατά την περίοδο των ετών της οικονομικής κρίσης, δέχθηκαν ισχυρές πιέσεις σε επίπεδο ρευστότητας αλλά και κεφαλαιακής βάσης. Αντικειμενικός σκοπός υλοποίησης του παρόντος πονήματος είναι έπειτα από ενδελεχή μελέτη να παρουσιάσει το γενικότερο κανονιστικό και θεσμικό πλαίσιο των συγχωνεύσεων και εξαγορών, όπως αυτές πραγματοποιούνται στον επιχειρηματικό κόσμο, ενώ παράλληλα χρησιμοποιούνται και μια σειρά από αριθμοδείκτες στοχεύοντας στη διερεύνηση και σύγκριση των σχέσεων που υπάρχουν μεταξύ των διαφόρων ειδών χρηματοοικονομικής πληροφόρησης. Κατόπιν των ανωτέρω διενεργείται μια ερευνητική προσπάθεια που έχει ως αντικείμενο τη μελέτη πλήθος χρηματοοικονομικών δεδομένων των ελληνικών τραπεζικών ιδρυμάτων, όπως αυτά θα εξαχθούν από τις λογιστικές τους καταστάσεις, κατά τη διάρκεια των ετών της οικονομικής κρίσης στην Ελλάδα. Αναφορικά με τη μεθοδολογία που θα χρησιμοποιηθεί, αυτή στηρίζεται σε μια ευρεία βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση, με επίκεντρο εγχώρια και διεθνή στοιχεία, όπως αυτά προκύπτουν από διαπιστευμένες και επίσημες μελέτες και έρευνες. Παράλληλα, αναζήτηση και συλλογή στοιχείων γίνεται από πηγές, έντυπες και ηλεκτρονικές, των επίσημων φορέων του τραπεζικού κλάδου, που δραστηριοποιούνται σε διεθνές και εγχώριο επίπεδο. Σε συνδυασμό με τη βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση, διεξάγεται μια έρευνα σε επίπεδο συλλογής στοιχείων από λογιστικές καταστάσεις τραπεζών της Ελλάδος, η ανάλυση των οποίων ολοκληρώνεται με τη χρήση επιλεγμένων και στοχευμένων αριθμοδεικτών. Το σημαντικότερο συμπέρασμα που προκύπτει από το σύνολο της εργασίας είναι πως, το πλήγμα που δέχθηκε ο τραπεζικός κλάδος κατά τη διάρκεια της κρίσης δεν μπορούσε να αφήσει ανεπηρέαστη την μετέπειτα πορεία της οικονομίας της Ελλάδος. Αυτό που καθόρισε σε μεγάλο βαθμό την εξέλιξη των βασικών οικονομικών μεγεθών και τη λειτουργία του τραπεζικού συστήματος ήταν η έλλειψη εμπιστοσύνης που δημιουργήθηκε μεταξύ των ενδιαφερόμενων μερών στο χρηματοπιστωτικό σύστημα. Η αποσταθεροποίηση του παραδοσιακού πρότυπου δανεισμού των τραπεζών από τις αγορές είχε ως αποτέλεσμα να πληγεί η αξιοπιστία και η φερεγγυότητά τους, με αποτέλεσμα, να διαμορφώνεται μια εύθραυστη σχέση μεταξύ των αποταμιευτών και δανειστών με τις τράπεζες και τα λοιπά χρηματοπιστωτικά ιδρύματα οδηγώντας στον περιορισμό των καταθέσεων αλλά και της ανάληψης δανείων.
Associations between fruit and vegetable consumption and depression symptoms
Creators: name: Dharmayani, Putu Novi Arfirsta
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Depression is a highly recurrent, chronic, and potentially lifelong mental illness. Increasing efforts to develop preventive strategies for depression is a critical investment. The role of diet and particularly higher fruit and vegetable consumption has been of particular interest as a novel approach to reduce the risk of depression. However, the associations between fruit and vegetable consumption and depression symptoms remain largely unexplored in young people and adults. This thesis comprises two studies, a systematic review1 and a secondary analysis study1. The first study aimed to systematically review the longitudinal studies of the associations between fruit and vegetable consumption and depression symptoms in young people and adults aged 15-45. The second study examined the differential effects of fruit and vegetables in relation to depression symptoms over a 15-year follow-up in young women from the 1973–78 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health (ALSWH). Findings from the systematic review suggested that a possible association exists between fruit and vegetable consumption and depression symptoms, particularly consuming fruit on a daily basis. The secondary analysis supported the evidence that fruit and vegetable consumption was cross-sectionally associated with lower odds of depression symptoms over 15 years of follow-up. In longitudinal analysis, higher intake of fruit (≥ 4 servings) and vegetable (≥ 5 servings) was consistently associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms, with a 25% lower odds (OR 0.75; 95% CI 0.57, 0.97; p = 0.031) and a 19% lower odds (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.70, 0.94; p = 0.007) than consuming one serve or less of fruit and vegetable respectively. The collective thesis findings highlight the importance of consuming adequate fruit and vegetables for reducing the risk of depression symptoms. Therefore, increasing fruit and vegetable consumption can be a promising approach for reducing the risk of depression symptoms. Furthermore, policy actions at a national and international level are needed to increase the availability, acceptability and affordability of fruit and vegetables.
Multiloop Lie algebras and the construction of extended affine Lie algebras
Creators: name: Naoi, Katsuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B65, 17B70

description: It is known that a multiloop Lie algebra, which constructed using multiloop realization, can be a Lie torus if the given multiloop Lie algebra satisfies several conditions, and it is also known that a family of extended affine Lie algebras (EALAs) are obtained from a Lie torus. In many cases, however, even if a given multiloop Lie algebra does not satisfy these conditions, we can also construct a family of EALAs from it. In this paper, we study this construction, and prove that two families of EALAs constructed from two multiloop Lie algebras coincide up to isomorphisms as EALAs if and only if two multiloop Lie algebras are "support-isomorphic". Also, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for two multiloop Lie algebras to be support-isomorphic.
description: 31 pages, corrected typos, added references
A process for determining construction contract duration for highway projects
Creators: name: Bollig, Christopher Matthew
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Roads--Texas--Design and construction--Planning
subject: Roads--Texas--Maintenance and repairs--Planning
subject: Scheduling

description: This paper describes a process for estimating the construction contract time for highway projects. The process developed uses the critical path method (CPM) to assess complex, non-repetitive construction items, while at the same time, assessing horizontal, repetitive construction items with the linear scheduling method. This is chiefly done by the identification of strategic sequencing options and critical-path-limited scoping of the model.
Radion Phenomenology in Realistic Warped Space Models
Creators: name: Csáki, Csaba
name: Hubisz, Jay
name: Lee, Seung J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the phenomenology of the Randall-Sundrum radion in realistic models of electroweak symmetry breaking with bulk gauge and fermion fields, since the radion may turn out to be the lightest particle in such models. We calculate the coupling of the radion in such scenarios to bulk fermion and gauge modes. Special attention needs to be devoted to the coupling to massless gauge fields (photon, gluon), since it is well known that loop effects may be important for these fields. We also present a detailed explanation of these couplings from the CFT interpretation. We then use these couplings to determine the radion branching fractions and discuss some of the discovery potential of the LHC for the radion. We find that the gamma-gamma signal is enhanced over most of the range of the radion mass over the gamma-gamma signal of a SM Higgs, as long as the RS scale is sufficiently low. However, the signal significance depends strongly on free parameters that characterize the magnitude of bare brane-localized kinetic terms for the massless gauge fields. In the absence of such terms, the signal can be be enhanced over the traditional RS1 models (where all standard model fields are localized on the IR brane), but the signal can also be reduced compared to RS1 if the brane localized terms are sizeable. We also show that for larger radion masses, where the gamma-gamma signal is no longer significant, one can use the usual 4 lepton signal to discover the radion.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures
Simulations of solar filament fine structures and their counterstreaming flows
Creators: name: Zhou, Y. H.
name: Chen, P. F.
name: Hong, J.
name: Fang, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar filaments, also called solar prominences when appearing above the solar limb, are cold, dense materials suspended in the hot tenuous solar corona, consisting of numerous long, fibril-like threads. These threads are the key to disclosing the physics of solar filaments. Similar structures also exist in galaxy clusters. Besides their mysterious formation, filament threads are observed to move with alternating directions, which are called counterstreaming flows. However, the origin of these flows has not been clarified yet. Here we report that turbulent heating at the solar surface is the key, which randomly evaporates materials from the solar surface to the corona, naturally reproducing the formation and counterstreamings of the sparse threads in the solar corona. We further suggest that while the cold H$α$ counterstreamings are mainly due to longitudinal oscillations of the filament threads, there are million-kelvin counterstreamings in the corona between threads, which are alternating unidirectional flows.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Untitled Item
Creators: name: Amujo, Oluyemi
name: Hammawa, M.B
name: Atumoshi, A.Y.
name: Abdulrahman, A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80303 Computer System Security
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Applied Computer Science
subject: Theoretical Computer Science

description: The strength of modern cryptography algorithms are based on the factors such as keys-space, transmission techniques and fundamental process of executing one-way/trapdoor functions which are said to be intractable. But modern cryptography is vulnerable to advancement in technology and computing power that can make possible billions guesses of keys within a short period of time. In other words, by the evolvement of high-speed computers such as quantum computers, the popular schemes used in modern cryptography are becoming insignificant. As a way-forward, the quantum mechanics and computer engineering together offer a new way for securing data known as quantum cryptography with major primitive such as quantum key distribution (QKD). QKD provides secure key distribution over a network by the laws of quantum physics and ensures that encryption keys are transmitted securely even in the presence of eavesdropper. This paper focuses on quantum cryptography and how it contributes value to a long-time strategy pertaining to completely secure key distribution. The scope of this paper covers the weaknesses of modern/classical cryptosystems, the fundamental concepts of quantum cryptography that contributes to its strength such as entanglement, superposition and quantum uncertainty. Finally, the paper demonstrates, through evaluation method, that all the family of one-way/trapdoor functions is tractable on quantum system.
Implementing Dempster-Shafer theory for inexact reasoning in expert systems
Creators: name: Froese, Thomas Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The work described in this thesis stems from the idea that expert systems should be able to accurately and appropriately handle uncertain information. The traditional approaches to dealing with uncertainty are discussed and are shown to contain many inadequacies. The Dempster-Shafer, or D-S, theory of evidence is proposed as an appealing theoretical basis for representing uncertain knowledge and for performing inexact reasoning in expert systems. The D-S theory is reviewed in some detail; including its approaches to representing concepts, to representing belief, to combining belief and to performing inference. The D-S implementation approaches pursued by other researchers are described and critiqued. Attempts made early in the thesis research which failed to achieve the important goal of consistency with the D-S theory are also reviewed. Two approaches to implementing D-S theory in a completely consistent manner are discussed in detail. It is shown that the second of these systems, a frame network approach, has led to the development of a fully functional prototype expert system shell called FRO. In this system, concepts are represented using D-S frames of discernment, belief is represented using D-S belief functions, and inference is performed using stored relationships between frames of discernment (forming the frame network) and D-S belief combination rules. System control is accomplished using a discrete rule-based control component and uncertain input and output are performed through an interactive belief interface system called IBIS. Each of these features is reviewed. Finally, a simple but detailed example of an application of a frame network expert system is provided. The FRO system user's documentation is provided in the appendix.
Journal of Biomedical Practitioners, V. 3, N. 1 (2019)
Creators: name: Univesità Di Torino
Publisher: name: Univesità di Torino
Year: 2019

description: Analisi del rischio clinico del percorso del paziente in un centro di radioterapia avanzata mediante metodologia F.M.E.A.
Clinical risk analysis of the patient’s path in an Advanced Radiotherapy Center (A.R.C.) through F.M.E.A. method
Diagnostica radiologica dell’articolazione coxo-femorale: la corretta tecnica per una diagnosi efficace. Case report
Proposta di trattamento fisioterapico in pazienti con conflitto femoro - acetabolare
Phase-Modulated Rapid-Scanning Fluorescence-Detected Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Agathangelou, Damianos
name: Javed, Ariba
name: Sessa, Francesco
name: Solinas, Xavier
name: Joffre, Manuel
name: Ogilvie, Jennifer P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a rapid-scanning approach to fluorescence-detected two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy that combines acousto-optic phase-modulation with digital lock-in detection. The approach shifts the signal detection window to suppress 1/f laser noise and enables interferometric tracking of the time delays to allow for correction of spectral phase distortions and accurate phasing of the data. This use of digital lock-in detection enables acquisition of linear and nonlinear signals of interest in a single measurement. We demonstrate the method on a laser dye, measuring the linear fluorescence excitation spectrum, as well as rephasing, non-rephasing and absorptive fluorescence-detected two-dimensional electronic spectra.
Heralded quantum memory for single-photon polarization qubits
Creators: name: Lin, G. W.
name: Zou, X. B.
name: Lin, X. M.
name: Guo, G. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme to implement a heralded quantum memory for single-photon polarization qubits with a single atom trapped in an optical cavity. In this scheme, an injected photon only exchanges quantum state with the atom, so that the heralded storage can be achieved by detecting the output photon. We also demonstrate that the scheme can be used for realizing the heralded quantum state transfer, exchange and entanglement distribution between distant nodes. The ability to detect whether the operation has succeeded or not is crucial for practical application.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
The $ΞN$ interaction constrained by recent $Ξ^-$ hypernuclei experiments
Creators: name: Hu, Jinniu
name: Zhang, Ying
name: Shen, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $ΞN$ interaction is investigated in the quark mean-field (QMF) model based on recent observables of the $Ξ^-+^{14}\rm{N}$ ($_{Ξ^-}^{15}\rm{C}$) system. The experimental data about the binding energy of $1p$-state $Ξ^-$ hyperon in $_{Ξ^-}^{15}\rm{C}$ hypernuclei at KISO, IBUKI, E07-T011, E176-14-03-35 events are conflated as $B_{Ξ^-}(1p)=1.14\pm0.11$ MeV. With this constraint, the coupling strengths between the vector meson and $Ξ$ hyperon are fixed in three QMF parameter sets. Meanwhile, the $Ξ^-$ binding energy of $1s$ state in $_{Ξ^-}^{15}\rm{C}$ is predicted as $B_{Ξ^-}(1s)=5.66\pm0.38$ MeV with the same interactions, which are completely consistent with the data from the KINKA and IRRAWADDY events. Finally, the single $ΞN$ potential is calculated in the symmetric nuclear matter in the framework of QMF models. It is $U_{ΞN}=-11.96\pm 0.85$ MeV at nuclear saturation density, which will contribute to the study on the strangeness degree of freedom in compact star.
description: 12pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
BSSN in Spherical Symmetry
Creators: name: Brown, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BSSN (Baumgarte-Shapiro-Shibata-Nakamura) formulation of the Einstein evolution equations is written in spherical symmetry. These equations can be used to address a number of technical and conceptual issues in numerical relativity in the context of a single Schwarzschild black hole. One of the benefits of spherical symmetry is that the numerical grid points can be tracked on a Kruskal--Szekeres diagram. Boundary conditions suitable for puncture evolution of a Schwarzschild black hole are presented. Several results are shown for puncture evolution using a fourth--order finite difference implementation of the equations.
description: This is the final version to be published in CQG. It contains much more information and detail than the original version
Electronic, dynamical, and thermal properties of ultra-incompressible superhard rhenium diboride: A combined first-principles and neutron scattering study
Creators: name: Zhou, W.
name: Wu, H.
name: Yildirim, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rhenium diboride is a recently recognized ultra-incompressible superhard material. Here we report the electronic (e), phonon (p), e-p coupling and thermal properties of ReB$_2$ from first-principles density-functional theory (DFT) calculations and neutron scattering measurements. Our calculated elastic constants ($c_{11}$ = 641 GPa, $c_{12}$ = 159 GPa, $c_{13}$ = 128 GPa, $c_{33}$ = 1037 GPa, and $c_{44}$ = 271 GPa), bulk modulus ($B$ $\approx$ 350 GPa) and hardness ($H$ $\approx$ 46 GPa) are in good agreement with the reported experimental data. The calculated phonon density of states (DOS) agrees very well with our neutron vibrational spectroscopy result. Electronic and phonon analysis indicates that the strong covalent B-B and Re-B bonding is the main reason for the super incompressibility and hardness of ReB$_2$. The thermal expansion coefficients, calculated within the quasi-harmonic approximation and measured by neutron powder diffraction, are found to be nearly isotropic in $a$ and $c$ directions and only slightly larger than that of diamond in terms of magnitude. The excellent agreement found between calculations and experimental measurements indicate that first-principles calculations capture the main interactions in this class of superhard materials, and thus can be used to search, predict, and design new materials with desired properties.
description: submitted to prb
COLA-Net: Collaborative Attention Network for Image Restoration
Creators: name: Mou, Chong
name: Zhang, Jian
name: Fan, Xiaopeng
name: Liu, Hangfan
name: Wang, Ronggang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Local and non-local attention-based methods have been well studied in various image restoration tasks while leading to promising performance. However, most of the existing methods solely focus on one type of attention mechanism (local or non-local). Furthermore, by exploiting the self-similarity of natural images, existing pixel-wise non-local attention operations tend to give rise to deviations in the process of characterizing long-range dependence due to image degeneration. To overcome these problems, in this paper we propose a novel collaborative attention network (COLA-Net) for image restoration, as the first attempt to combine local and non-local attention mechanisms to restore image content in the areas with complex textures and with highly repetitive details respectively. In addition, an effective and robust patch-wise non-local attention model is developed to capture long-range feature correspondences through 3D patches. Extensive experiments on synthetic image denoising, real image denoising and compression artifact reduction tasks demonstrate that our proposed COLA-Net is able to achieve state-of-the-art performance in both peak signal-to-noise ratio and visual perception, while maintaining an attractive computational complexity. The source code is available on https://github.com/MC-E/COLA-Net.
description: 11 pages, 6 tables, 9 figures, to be published in IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Toxic responses of the liver and kidneys following occupational exposure to anesthetic gases
Creators: name: Neghab, Masoud
name: Amiri, Fatemeh
name: Soleimani, Esmaeel
name: Yousefinejad, Saeed
name: Hassanzadeh, Jafar
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: inhalation anesthetics
occupational exposure
biological monitoring
hepatotoxicity
nephrotoxicity

description: This study was undertaken to determine whether exposure of operating room personnel to inhalation anesthetics, including nitrous oxide, isoflurane, and sevoflurane was associated with any hepatotoxic or nephrotoxic changes. Fifty-two operating room personnel and 52 non-exposed subjects were studied. A questionnaire pertaining to demographic characteristics and medical history of participants was completed. Fasting blood samples were taken from all subjects to measure the functional parameters of kidneys and liver. Biological monitoring was also performed to detect the urinary concentration of IAs. Urinary concentrations of nitrous oxide, isoflurane, and sevoflurane were found to be 175.8 ± 77.52, 4.95 ± 3.43, and 15.0 3± 16.06 ppm, respectively. The mean levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, Alpha-glutathione-S-transferase, as well as the serum levels of kidney injury molecule-1, creatinine and calcium were significantly higher in the exposed group. Statistically significant associations were observed between exposure to inhalation anesthetics and the mean levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyltransferase, serum creatinine, kidney injury molecule-1, and calcium. Under the exposure scenario described in the present study, occupational exposure to inhalation anesthetics was associated with subtle, subclinical, pre-pathologic changes in the parameters of liver and kidneys. Additionally, Alpha-glutathione-S-transferase and kidney injury molecule-1 were found to be sensitive markers for early detection of subclinical changes in the parameters of kidney and liver function in subjects who are exposed to inhalation anesthetics.
description: EXCLI Journal; 19:Doc418; ISSN 1611-2156
title: Трудовые кодексы государств Евразийского экономического союза: особенности нормативного содержания
title: Labor Codes of States of the Eurasian Economic Union: Features of the Regulatory Content
Creators: name: Раманкулов, Кубанычбек Советович
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2021

description: В статье в сравнительно-правовом аспекте исследуется структурная организация действующих трудовых кодексов государств – членов Евразийского экономического союза, новации и особенности их нормативного содержания. Автор критически подходит к некоторым особенностям развития трудовых кодексов государств – членов Евразийского экономического союза (рост числа оснований для дифференциации регулирования труда некоторых категорий работников) и внесенным в них новациям (рецепции некоторых гражданско-правовых конструкций в трудовое право). Сделан вывод о необходимости принятия новой, современной концепции развития трудового законодательства государств – членов Евразийского экономического союза, в которой следует отразить как задачи по совершенствованию национального трудового законодательства внутри указанных стран, так и стратегические задачи повышения эффективности всей евразийской модели трудового права.
description: The article examines the structural organizations of the current labor codes of the member states of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), innovations, and features of the regulatory content of the codes in a comparative and legal aspect. The author takes a critical approach to some of the features of the development of the labor codes (an increase in the number of grounds for differentiating labor regulation of certain categories of workers) and the innovations introduced into them (the adoption of some civil law structures in labor law). The article concludes that it is necessary to adopt a new, modern concept for the development of labor legislation of the EAEU member states, which should reflect both the tasks of improving the national labor legislation within the member states and the strategic objectives of increasing the efficiency of the entire Eurasian model of labor law.
The SN 1987A Link to Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Middleditch, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Early measurements of SN 1987A indicate a beam/jet (BJ) which hit polar ejecta (PE) to produce the "Mystery Spot" (MS). The SN flash takes an extra 8 d to hit the MS, and this was confirmed at 2e39 ergs/s in the optical at day 8. A ramp in luminosity starting near day 10 indicates particles from the BJ hitting the PE, with the fastest particles traveling at 0.8 c, and an upper limit for the optical luminosity of the MS of 5e40 ergs/s at day 20. The details of SN 1987A strongly suggest that it resulted from a merger of 2 stellar cores of a common envelope (CE) binary, i.e. a "double-degenerate" (DD)-initiated SN, and is thus the Rosetta Stone for 99% of MSPs in the non-core-collapsed globular clusters, GRBs, and SNe, including all recent nearby SNe except SN 1986J and the more distant SN 2006gy. Without having to blast through the CE of Sk -69 202, it is likely that the BJ would have caused a full, long-soft gamma-ray burst (lGRB) upon hitting the PE, thus DD can produce lGRBs. The typical 0.5 deg collimation of a GRB, over the 22 lt-d from SN 1987A to its PE, produces ~100 s of delay, MATCHING the observed delay of the non-prompt parts of lGRBs. Because DD must be the dominant SN mechanism in elliptical galaxies, where only short, hard GRBs (sGRBs) have been observed, DD without CE or PE must also make sGRBs, thus the initial photon spectrum of 99% of ALL GRBs is KNOWN, & neutron star (NS)-NS mergers may not make GRBs as we know them. Observations of Ia's strongly suggest that these are also DD, implying another systematic effect in Ia Cosmology, as Ia's will appear to be Ic's when viewed from their DD merger poles, given sufficient matter above that lost to core- collapse (otherwise it would just beg the question of what ELSE they could possibly be). There is no need to invent exotica, such as collapsars or hypernovae, to account for GRBs.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, contributed talk proceedings for "Supernova 1987A: 20 Years After: Supernovae and Gamma-Ray Bursters" AIP, New York, eds. S. Immler, K.W. Weiler, and R. McCray, v2: ``Figure 3, right'' on page 4. v3: add "sGRBs offset from EGs" to abstract
An FFT-based method for computing the effective crack energy of a heterogeneous material on a combinatorially consistent grid
Creators: name: Ernesti, Felix
name: Schneider, Matti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce an FFT-based solver for the combinatorial continuous maximum flow discretization applied to computing the minimum cut through heterogeneous microstructures. Recently, computational methods were introduced for computing the effective crack energy of periodic and random media. These were based on the continuous minimum cut-maximum flow duality of G. Strang, and made use of discretizations based on trigonometric polynomials and finite elements. For maximum flow problems on graphs, node-based discretization methods avoid metrication artifacts associated to edge-based discretizations. We discretize the minimum cut problem on heterogeneous microstructures by the combinatorial continuous maximum flow discretization introduced by Couprie et al. Furthermore, we introduce an associated FFT-based ADMM solver and provide several adaptive strategies for choosing numerical parameters. We demonstrate the salient features of the proposed approach on problems of industrial scale.
Self-supervised Change Detection in Multi-view Remote Sensing Images
Creators: name: Chen, Yuxing
name: Bruzzone, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The vast amount of unlabeled multi-temporal and multi-sensor remote sensing data acquired by the many Earth Observation satellites present a challenge for change detection. Recently, many generative model-based methods have been proposed for remote sensing image change detection on such unlabeled data. However, the high diversities in the learned features weaken the discrimination of the relevant change indicators in unsupervised change detection tasks. Moreover, these methods lack research on massive archived images. In this work, a self-supervised change detection approach based on an unlabeled multi-view setting is proposed to overcome this limitation. This is achieved by the use of a multi-view contrastive loss and an implicit contrastive strategy in the feature alignment between multi-view images. In this approach, a pseudo-Siamese network is trained to regress the output between its two branches pre-trained in a contrastive way on a large dataset of multi-temporal homogeneous or heterogeneous image patches. Finally, the feature distance between the outputs of the two branches is used to define a change measure, which can be analyzed by thresholding to get the final binary change map. Experiments are carried out on five homogeneous and heterogeneous remote sensing image datasets. The proposed SSL approach is compared with other supervised and unsupervised state-of-the-art change detection methods. Results demonstrate both improvements over state-of-the-art unsupervised methods and that the proposed SSL approach narrows the gap between unsupervised and supervised change detection.
description: submitted to TGRS
title: The Precautionary Principle: Origin, Ethical Implications, and Theological Outlook
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Anne Friederike
Publisher: name: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft
Year: 2019

description: Neue Pflanzenzüchtungstechnologien wie CRISPR/Cas haben das Potenzial zur Verbesserung der Nachhaltigkeit in der Landwirtschaft. Mit den Techniken des Genome Editing können die Erträge bei gleichzeitig reduziertem Pestizideinsatz gesteigert werden. Auch an der Verbesserung des Nährwerts von Pflanzen wird weltweit geforscht. Ob die neuen Techniken allerdings in Europa zum Einsatz kommen, ist gegenwärtig fraglich. Soll Genome Editing wie die „klassische“ Gentechnik reguliert werden? Und wie kann eine verantwortliche Auslegung des Vorsorgeprinzips beim Einsatz der neuen Technologien aussehen? Die politische Diskussion um die Bewertung der neuen Pflanzenzüchtungstechnologien ist in vollem Gange. Die Beiträge dieses Sammelbands präsentieren rechtliche, soziale und ethische Aspekten zum Thema, die auf einer Summer School des Instituts Technik-Theologie-Naturwissenschaften (TTN) an der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München zur Diskussion standen.
Veltman, renormalizability, calculability
Creators: name: Passarino, Giampiero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dedicated to the memory of Prof. Veltman, one of the founding fathers of our discipline: his legacy lives on. Many times we have to turn back and follow his footprints to find the right path. After reviewing general aspects of high energy physics where he gave a seminal contribution we will introduce recent developments in the standard model effective field theory, showing how the whole movement from renormalization to predictions plays from Veltman to SMEFT.
description: to appear in Acta Physica Polonica, 27 pages
title: Verantwortung für die Umwelt
title: Das Beispiel der kirchlichen Umweltbeauftragten
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Anne Friederike
Publisher: name: Mohr Siebeck
Year: 2019

description: Ethische Debatten entstehen aus Anlass eines konkreten politischen Entscheidungsbedarfs und sie münden in politische Regelungen. Die großen Debatten der Nachkriegszeit um Frieden und Freiheit, um Ehe und Familie, um soziale Gerechtigkeit und den Schutz der Umwelt, in denen kontroverse ethische Positionen im Streit lagen, waren immer auch begleitet von der Frage, wie die jeweilige Position in konkrete politische Einflussnahme umgemünzt werden konnte. Wie alle an den Debatten Beteiligten zielten auch die protestantischen Akteure nicht allein auf Meinungsbildung. Sie strebten immer auch politische Mehrheiten an, um die eigene Position möglichst weitgehend in die jeweilige Gesetzgebung einfließen zu lassen. Ihr Engagement verstanden sie dabei als Wahrnehmung gesellschaftlicher Verantwortung. In diesem Band wird aus verschiedenen Perspektiven rekonstruiert, welche Argumentationsmuster und Begründungsfiguren sich dabei identifizieren lassen.
Hydraulic design of culverts
Creators: name: Driss, Slim
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Culverts are designed to carry water from one side of an embankment to another. There are many culverts under a typical highway and they add significantly to its cost. The hydraulic design of a culvert is surprisingly complex and since its primary purpose is to convey water, it is important that it has the full intended flow capacity. The objective of this thesis was to develop a computer program to help an engineer with the hydraulic design of culverts. The user of the program can choose between designing a new culvert or checking the adequacy of an existing culvert from a hydraulic, point of view. The program handles the problem of sediment deposition that can occur and reduce the capacity of culverts having gentle slopes. The most widely used culvert shapes are included in the program and in this thesis. Comments are provided on the conditions under which certain shapes are best. Culvert inlets are given, and some improved inlet designs are presented since the inlet design can have a major impact on the cost of the culvert. Also, erosion at the culvert outlet is discussed and suggestions are provided on how to prevent it or cope with it.
Is there supersymmetric Lee-Yang fixed point in three dimensions?
Creators: name: Nakayama, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The supersymmetric Lee-Yang model is arguably the simplest interacting supersymmetric field theory in two dimensions, albeit non-unitary. A natural question is if there is an analogue of supersymmetric Lee-Yang fixed point in higher dimensions. The absence of any $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry (except for fermion numbers) makes it impossible to approach it by using perturbative $ε$ expansions. We find that the truncated conformal bootstrap suggests that candidate fixed points obtained by the dimensional continuation from two dimensions annihilate below three dimensions, implying that there is no supersymmetric Lee-Yang fixed point in three dimensions. We conjecture that the corresponding phase transition, if any, will be the first order transition.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Analysing the Correlation of Geriatric Assessment Scores and Activity in Smart Homes
Creators: name: Friedrich, Björn
name: Steen, Enno-Edzard
name: Fudickar, Sebastian
name: Hein, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A continuous monitoring of the physical strength and mobility of elderly people is important for maintaining their health and treating diseases at an early stage. However, frequent screenings by physicians are exceeding the logistic capacities. An alternate approach is the automatic and unobtrusive collection of functional measures by ambient sensors. In the current publication, we show the correlation among data of ambient motion sensors and the well-established mobility assessments Short-Physical-Performance-Battery, Tinetti and Timed Up & Go. We use the average number of motion sensor events as activity measure for correlation with the assessment scores. The evaluation on a real-world dataset shows a moderate to strong correlation with the scores of standardised geriatrics physical assessments.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure, 16 tables
Overview of writing systems and character encoding standards and article formats used in the domain
Creators: name: Rau, Felix
name: Wiegand, Frank
name: Herold, Axel
Publisher: name: Text+
Year: 2024
Subjects: encoding
writing systems
lexical resources

description: Writing systems are the visual representations of language. Lexical resources have to represent the entire lexical system of a language digitally, at least potentially. As a consequence, lexical resources may have to handle the entirety of a writing system used to represent a given language and represent this information in a standardized digital manner. The information to every lexeme of a language has to be represented by one (or more) lexical entries, which again needs to be coherently represented digitally.

There may exist close to three hundred known writing systems in current and historical use. These writing systems differ in appearance and inventory, but more crucially in their structure and organizing principles. Technically, writing systems are represented in digital technical systems through various character encodings. These character encodings differ in scope and technical implementation. Computer fonts are then used to render the encoded character in a specific typeface or font. Again there are different formats for computer fonts which differ in their capability of representing characteristics of different writing systems.

Besides character encodings for representing different writing systems and computer fonts for rendering the encoded characters, article formats for lexicographical entries constitute a third important component of all digital lexical resources. These article formats are used to structure and organize the information contained in a lexical entry. They are used to represent the information in a standardized and coherent manner.

This document provides an overview of writing systems, recommended character encodings, and standardized article formats used in the domain of lexical resources. It discusses the importance of these components for the representation and processing of language data and provides examples of how they are used in practice.
Ab initio calculation of the detailed balance limit to the photovoltaic efficiency of single p-n junction kesterite solar cells
Creators: name: Kim, Sunghyun
name: Walsh, Aron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermodynamic limit of photovoltaic efficiency for a single-junction solar cell can be readily predicted using the bandgap of the active light absorbing material. Such an approach overlooks the energy loss due to non-radiative electron-hole processes. We propose a practical ab initio procedure to determine the maximum efficiency of a thin-film solar cell that takes into account both radiative and non-radiative recombination. The required input includes the frequency-dependent optical absorption coefficient, as well as the capture cross-sections and equilibrium populations of point defects. For kesterite-structured Cu$_2$ZnSnS$_4$, the radiative limit is reached for a film thickness of around 2.6 micrometer, where the efficiency gain due to light absorption is counterbalanced by losses due to the increase in recombination current.
description: 5 pages; 3 figures
Comparative Survey of Cyber-Threat and Attack Trends and Prediction of Future Cyber-Attack Patterns
Creators: name: Amujo, Oluyemi
name: Chinanu, Uwazie Emmanuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Theoretical Computer Science
Applied Computer Science

description: This paper presents a comparative survey of cyber-threat and attack trends starting from 2010 till date. Cyber security breaches are constantly on the rise with huge uncertainty and risks. The trend is causing rife globally because of its consequences to national security and economy. With diverse interests and motivations for various categories of threats and attacks, we carried out a comparative survey and analysis of security breaches to unravel the patterns and predict what will shape future security challenges. The diversity of attacks and growing state actors’ involvement without any sort of regulation is making cyber weapons attractive to the states. States are leveraging the anonymity and attribution flaws to hit hard on perceived adversaries thereby complicating the cyber security equation.