cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Changes in body fat, physical working capacity and personality of obese women undergoing training
Creators: name: Debienne, Raymond Louis
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in work capacity, personality and body fat in obese women undergoing training. Twenty-six subjects from the Vancouver Y.W.C.A. "180-Plus Club" voluntarily participated in the study. The subjects were tested before and after a nine month program. The pretraining and posttraining test environments and test procedures were standardized for all subjects. The experimental group met once per week, until halfway through the program, and then met twice a week. The program consisted of a gymnasium and pool exercise session. A control group of eleven subjects was used to help establish the reliability of the Astrand test of physical work capacity. The following variables were measured as follows: (a) physical work capacity -- Astrand submaximal test, (b) personality -- Cattell's Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire, Forms A and B, and (c) body fat -- determination of body density by underwater weighing and the use of Brozek and Keys formula, as well as subcutaneous fat measurements taken at six sites. Three groups were formed on the basis of attendance. The results of the study show that there was a slight improvement associated with a higher frequency of attendance, however, even the group with the highest frequency of attendance failed to show any physiologically important change in work capacity or 'percent body fat’. The combined group results showed a departure from the general female adult population for intelligence, which was higher than the population mean, and for ego strength, which was lower at pretest. The poorest attenders, Group I, showed evidence of departures from the population in factors which described them as being happy-go-lucky, absent-minded, casual and undependable. It is, therefore, not unexpected that persons with these characteristics would drop out of the program. Groups II and III, with respective higher frequencies of attendance, showed significant changes from pretest to posttest in factors which indicated that they became more emotionally mature (Group II) and more sensitive and composed (Group III). These would appear to be desirable changes in view of the Y.W.C.A.'s objectives for psychological as well as physical changes. On the basis of the findings of this study, it does not appear that the time, money and effort required to run the "180-Plus Club" program can be justified.
ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЕ ПО СИСТЕМЕ РЕНОВАЦИИ БОТАНИЧЕСКИХ САДОВ В РОССИИ
Creators: name: Краснова Кристина Сергеевна
Publisher: name: Самарская Лука: проблемы региональной и глобальной экологии
Year: 2020
Subjects: ботанический сад
дендрарий
парк
дендрологический парк
реновация
самофинансирование

description: Рассмотрены варианты благоустройства городских зеленых территорий. Отмечается неудовлетворительное состояние большинства российских ботанических садов. Предложены варианты благоустройства дендропарка в г. Тольятти (Самарская область).
Beggary, vagabondage, and poor relief: English statutes in the urban context, 1495 - 1572
Creators: name: Brodie, ND
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis revises the late medieval and early modern legislative foundation of public welfare in England, and many parts of the English-speaking world, which was later known as the old poor law. This thesis argues that the Elizabethan codification of legislation at the threshold of the seventeenth century was part of a much more stable statutory system than has hitherto been accepted. Examining the period between 1495 and 1572, this thesis charts the legislative system that provided for the punishment of vagabondage, the regulation of beggary and the relief of the poor. No study until now has questioned the statutory framework as it was understood in the mid-nineteenth century. This revision demonstrates the foundations of English statutory systems of poor relief to be a clear product of the Reformation, with continuity of concept and practice from the 1530s through until the Elizabethan codifications of 1598 and 1601. Similarly, this thesis demonstrates the continuities and anomalies in the statutory regulations for the punishment of vagabondage, and through a focus on beggary, refocuses scholarly attention on the specificity of these statutes within their contemporary context, without the lens of the mid nineteenth-century reformers whose histories of this period have influenced scholars for a century and a half. Complementing this revision of the statutory regime for the punishment of vagabondage, the regulation of beggary and the relief of the poor is a specific examination of the impact of these statutes within the urban context through a study of the four county towns of York, Norwich, Exeter and Bristol. This has the twofold purpose of determining whether the urban experimentation model of statutory development, first outlined by E. M. Leonard in 1900, can be maintained as a viable explanatory model for the development of specific statutory mechanisms, and to what degree towns such as these followed statutory regulations. The result of these explorations is a newfound appreciation of the intersection of various levels of government within Tudor England, which encompass the roles of legislation, urban officials and even parishioners within the urban context. This thesis not only argues that local government action needs to be understood within the contemporary statutory system and that statutory regulation needs to be appreciated in relation to local activities, but also that there was a greater degree of conformity with statutory regulations within four of the largest towns in England between 1495 and 1572 than has been generally acknowledged. As such, this thesis produces a dramatically new view of a systemically integrated polity in Tudor England.
К ВОПРОСУ О ПРИМЕНЕНИИ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО СТИЛЯ В ЛАНДШАФТНОМ ДИЗАЙНЕ ТОРГОВЫХ ЦЕНТРОВ РОССИИ
Creators: name: Юдина Алина Олеговна
Publisher: name: Самарская Лука: проблемы региональной и глобальной экологии
Year: 2020
Subjects: ландшафтный дизайн
экодизайн
сады
растения
экология города

description: Обозначены вопросы применении экологического стиля в ландшафтном дизайне торговых центров. Предложен вариант благоустройства территории ТЦ «Акварель» (Тольятти, Самарская область).
A Direct Detection of Gas Accretion: The Lyman Limit System in 3C 232
Creators: name: Stocke, John T.
name: Keeney, Brian A.
name: Danforth, Charles W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gas added and removed from galaxies over cosmic time greatly affects their stellar populations and star formation rates. QSO absorption studies in close QSO/galaxy pairs create a unique opportunity to study the physical conditions and kinematics of this gas. Here we present new Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images of the QSO/galaxy pair 3C 232/NGC 3067. The quasar spectrum contains a Lyman-limit absorption system (LLS) due to NGC 3067 at cz = 1421 km/s that is associated with the nearby SAB galaxy NGC 3067. Previous work identifies this absorber as a high-velocity cloud (HVC) in NGC 3067 but the kinematics of the absorbing gas, infalling or outflowing, were uncertain. The HST images presented here establish the orientation of NGC 3067 and so establish that the LLS/HVC is infalling. Using this system as a prototype, we extend these results to higher-z Mg II/LLS to suggest that Mg II/LLSs are a sight line sampling of the so-called "cold mode accretion" (CMA) infalling onto luminous galaxies. But to match the observed Mg II absorber statistics, the CMA must be more highly ionized at higher redshifts. The key observations needed to further the study of low-z LLSs is HST/UV spectroscopy, for which a new instrument, the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph, has just been installed greatly enhancing our observational capabilities.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted by PASA
Independently tunable dual-wavelength fiber oscillator with synchronized pulsed emission based on a theta ring cavity and a fiber Bragg grating array
Creators: name: Tiess, Tobias
name: Becker, Martin
name: Rothhardt, Manfred
name: Bartelt, Hartmut
name: Jäger, Matthias
Publisher: name: Washington D.C. : Optical Society of America
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Lasers
subject: Fiber Bragg gratings
subject: Wavelength filtering devices
subject: Fiber optics amplifiers
subject: 620

description: We present a fiber-integrated laser enabling independent tuning of two emission wavelengths with a synchronized pulsed emission. The discrete tuning concept comprises a theta cavity fiber laser (TCFL), a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) array as a versatile spectral filter, facilitating tailored tuning ranges, and optical gating to control the emission spectrum. A novel electrical driving scheme uniquely enables independently tunable multi-wavelength emission from a single laser oscillator. Tunable dual-wavelength emission is experimentally investigated with a ytterbium (Yb)-doped TCFL using an FBG array with 11 gratings. Over a tuning range of 25 nm, 55 wavelength pairs have been demonstrated with high signal contrast (≈ 40 dB) and narrow linewidth (< 40GHz). Based on the demands of prospective applications, pulse synchronicity is studied with a fiber-based time-delay spectrometer (TDS) simultaneously measuring the joint temporal and spectral pulse properties down to a single-pulse analysis. Accordingly, tunable and fully synchronized dual-wavelength emissions have been verified by driving the TCFL with optimized electrical gating parameters. This unique operation mode achieved in a cost-efficient fiber-integrated laser design targets novel applications e.g. in nonlinear spectroscopy and biophotonics.
ВОПРОСЫ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ АРХИТЕКТУРНО-ЛАНДШАФТНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ ТУРИСТИЧЕСКОЙ ПРИВЛЕКАТЕЛЬНОСТИ КОМСОМОЛЬСКОГО РАЙОНА Г. ТОЛЬЯТТИ
Creators: name: Денисова Ирина Анатольевна
Publisher: name: Самарская Лука: проблемы региональной и глобальной экологии
Year: 2020
Subjects: архитектурно-ландшафтные ресурсы
проектирование
городские парки
раз-витие туризма
Тольятти

description: Рассмотрены вопросы проектирования архитектурно-ландшафтных ресурсов туристической привлекательности Ком-сомольского района г. Тольятти. Сделан вывод о необходимости развития в области событий-ного и исторического туризма, а также о пересмотре социальных, экологических и функцио-нальных роли парков.
Influence of Ar gas pressure on ion energy and charge state distributions in pulsed cathodic arc plasmas from Nb-Al cathodes studied with high time resolution
Creators: name: Zöhrer, Siegfried
name: Anders, André
name: Franz, Robert
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publ.
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ar atmosphere
subject: arc discharges
subject: composite cathodes
subject: ion charge state distribution
subject: ion energy distribution
subject: pulsed arcs
subject: time-resolved measurements
subject: 530

description: For cathodic arcs, the cathode material is one of the most important determinants of plasma properties. Consequently, the cathode material - plasma relationship is of special interest in related fundamental research as well as in applications like the synthesis of thin films and coatings. In the latter, the use of multi-element cathodes in inert as well as reactive gas atmospheres is common practice. To further improve the physical understanding of cathodic arcs in such settings, we analyze ions in pulsed cathodic arc plasmas from Nb, Al and two composite Nb-Al cathodes with high time-resolution using a mass-energy-analyzer. The experiments were conducted in Ar atmosphere at total pressures of 0.04, 0.20 and 0.40 Pa, and are compared to earlier results in high vacuum at 10-4. In addition to examining the influence of Ar on ion properties and their cathode material dependence, the results are used to discuss physical concepts in cathodic arcs, like the gas-dynamic expansion of the cathode spot plasma, or the influence of charge exchange collisions of ions with neutrals. While such inelastic collisions e.g. with Ar atoms cause a reduction of charge states to mainly Al+ and Nb2+ at the highest pressure, Ar atoms also seem to take part in near-cathode processes. Ar ions in different time and energy regimes up to 150 eV were observed and compared to Nb and Al ions, showing overlapping velocity distributions for Nb, Al and Ar+ ions, but also Ar2+ ions faster than other ion species. © 2018 IOP Publishing Ltd.
ДИСПЕРСИОННЫЙ АНАЛИЗ В ЭКОЛОГИИ (К 130-ЛЕТИЮ СО ДНЯ РОЖДЕНИЯ РОНАЛЬДА ФИШЕРА)
Creators: name: Розенберг Геннадий Самуилович
Publisher: name: Самарская Лука: проблемы региональной и глобальной экологии
Year: 2020
Subjects: Рональда Фишер
дисперсионный анализ
математическая статистика
генети-ка
экология
основная теорема Фишера о естественном отборе

description: Составляя календарь памятных дат на 2020 г. [66], я обнаружил не юбилейную, но «круглую дату» – 130 лет со дня рождения одного из крупнейших биологов и математических статистиков ХХ века Рональда Фишера. Разработанный им для поиска зависимостей в экспе-риментальных данных путём исследования значимости различий в средних значениях метод, получивший название дисперсионный анализ, до сих пор остается одним из самых востребо-ванных методов обработки статистической информации (в том числе, и в экологии). Это и по-служило поводом для написаний статьи, в которой обсуждаются некоторые проблемы кор-ректного использования данного статистического метода.
First Magnetic Field Detection on a Class I Protostar
Creators: name: Johns-Krull, Christopher M.
name: Greene, Thomas P.
name: Doppmann, Greg W.
name: Covey, Kevin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong stellar magnetic fields are believed to truncate the inner accretion disks around young stars, redirecting the accreting material to the high latitude regions of the stellar surface. In the past few years, observations of strong stellar fields on T Tauri stars with field strengths in general agreement with the predictions of magnetospheric accretion theory have bolstered this picture. Currently, nothing is known about the magnetic field properties of younger, more embedded Class I young stellar objects (YSOs). It is believed that protostars accrete much of their final mass during the Class I phase, but the physics governing this process remains poorly understood. Here, we use high resolution near infrared spectra obtained with NIRSPEC on Keck and with Phoenix on Gemini South to measure the magnetic field properties of the Class I protostar WL 17. We find clear signatures of a strong stellar magnetic field. Analysis of this data suggests a surface average field strength of $2.9 \pm 0.43$ kG on WL 17. We present our field measurements and discuss how they fit with the general model of magnetospheric accretion in young stars.
description: 25 pages, 1 figure, accepted to ApJ
Combined Measurement and QCD Analysis of the Inclusive ep Scattering Cross Sections at HERA
Creators: name: H1, The
name: Collaborations, ZEUS
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A combination is presented of the inclusive deep inelastic cross sections measured by the H1 and ZEUS Collaborations in neutral and charged current unpolarised ep scattering at HERA during the period 1994-2000. The data span six orders of magnitude in negative four-momentum-transfer squared, Q^2, and in Bjorken x. The combination method used takes the correlations of systematic uncertainties into account, resulting in an improved accuracy. The combined data are the sole input in a NLO QCD analysis which determines a new set of parton distributions, HERAPDF1.0, with small experimental uncertainties. This set includes an estimate of the model and parametrisation uncertainties of the fit result.
description: 61 pages, 21 figures, revised version accepted by JHEP
Progress in superconductor-semiconductor topological Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Schiela, William F.
name: Yu, Peng
name: Shabani, Javad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Majorana bound states (MBSs) are quasiparticles which are their own antiparticles. They are predicted to emerge as zero-energy modes localized at the boundary of a topological superconductor. No intrinsic topological superconductor is known to date. However, by interfacing conventional superconductors and semiconductors with strong spin--orbit coupling it is possible to create a system hosting topological states. Hence epitaxial superconductors and semiconductors have emerged as an attractive materials system with atomically sharp interfaces and broad flexibility in device fabrications incorporating Josephson junctions. We discuss the basics of topological superconductivity and provide insight on how to go beyond current state-of-the-art experiments. We argue that the ultimate success in realizing MBS physics requires the observation of non-Abelian braiding and fusion experiments.
title: Fuel Cells for Transportation
Creators: name: Los Alamos National Laboratory
Publisher: name: Los Alamos National Laboratory
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/01e41cf67
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1995
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/94178
subject: Fuel cells
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/93262
subject: Electric vehicles

description: LALP-95-40
description: Brief description of status and importance of fuel cell research at Los Alamos National Laboratory.
Yb-doped large mode area fiber for beam quality improvement using local adiabatic tapers with reduced dopant diffusion
Creators: name: Zhu, Yuan
name: Leich, Martin
name: Lorenz, Martin
name: Eschrich, Tina
name: Aichele, Claudia
name: Kobelke, Jens
name: Bartelt, Hartmut
name: Jäger, Matthias
Publisher: name: Washington D.C. : Optical Society of America
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: fiber materials
subject: laser amplifiers
subject: fiber fabrication
subject: 620

description: A newly designed all-solid step-index Yb-doped aluminosilicate large mode area fiber for achieving high peak power at near diffraction limited beam quality with local adiabatic tapering is presented. The 45µm diameter fiber core and pump cladding consist of active/passively doped aluminosilicate glass produced by powder sinter technology (REPUSIL). A deliberate combination of innovative cladding and core materials was aspired to achieve low processing temperature reducing dopant diffusion during fiber fabrication, tapering and splicing. By developing a short adiabatic taper, robust seed coupling is achieved by using this Yb-doped LMA fiber as final stage of a nanosecond fiber Master Oscillator Power Amplifier (MOPA) system while maintaining near diffraction limited beam quality by preferential excitation of the fundamental mode. After application of a fiber-based endcap, the peak power could be scaled up to 375 kW with high beam quality and a measured M2 value of 1.3~1.7.A newly designed all-solid step-index Yb-doped aluminosilicate large mode area fiber for achieving high peak power at near diffraction limited beam quality with local adiabatic tapering is presented. The 45µm diameter fiber core and pump cladding consist of active/passively doped aluminosilicate glass produced by powder sinter technology (REPUSIL). A deliberate combination of innovative cladding and core materials was aspired to achieve low processing temperature reducing dopant diffusion during fiber fabrication, tapering and splicing. By developing a short adiabatic taper, robust seed coupling is achieved by using this Yb-doped LMA fiber as final stage of a nanosecond fiber Master Oscillator Power Amplifier (MOPA) system while maintaining near diffraction limited beam quality by preferential excitation of the fundamental mode. After application of a fiber-based endcap, the peak power could be scaled up to 375 kW with high beam quality and a measured M2 value of 1.3~1.7.
The Catholic teaching on our industrial system. By John A. Ryan.
Creators: name: Ryan, John Augustine
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description:
 Three addresses delivered in the Catholic Hour sponsored by the National Council of Catholic Men with the cooperation of the National Broadcasting Company and its associated stations. On Sundays from May 13 to May 27, 1934.
 I. Pope Leo xiii's Rerum Novarum.--II. Pope Pius xi's Quadragesimo anno.--III. A new social order.
Л. Г. РАМЕНСКИЙ: ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ ПО ВЕГЕТАТИВНЫМ ПРИЗНАКАМ И СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ
Creators: name: Голуб Валентин Борисович
Publisher: name: Самарская Лука: проблемы региональной и глобальной экологии
Year: 2020
Subjects: биография
история науки
В.М. Флорова
компьютерное зрение
секвениро-вание ДНК

description: Настоящая статья является продолжением серии публикаций в «Самарской Луке», посвященных жизни и творчеству выдающегося российского ученого Леонтия Григорьевича Раменского. Рассматриваются усилия Раменского по созданию опреде-лителя растений в нецветущем состоянии, а также современные достижения в области опреде-ления видов растений.
The Zassenhaus variety of a reductive Lie algebra in positive characteristic
Creators: name: Tange, Rudolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let g be the Lie algebra of a connected reductive group G over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic p>0. Let $Z$ be the centre of the universal enveloping algebra U=U(g) of g. Its maximal spectrum is called the Zassenhaus variety of g. We show that, under certain mild assumptions on G, the field of fractions Frac(Z) of Z is G-equivariantly isomorphic to the function field of the dual space g* with twisted G-action. In particular Frac(Z) is rational. This confirms a conjecture J. Alev. Furthermore we show that Z is a unique factorisation domain, confirming a conjecture of A. Braun and C. Hajarnavis. Recently, A. Premet used the above result about Frac(Z), a result of Colliot-Thelene, Kunyavskii, Popov and Reichstein and reduction mod p arguments to show that the Gelfand-Kirillov conjecture cannot hold for simple complex Lie algebras that are not of type A, C or G_2.
Molecular beam epitaxy of GeTe-Sb2Te3 phase change materials studied by X-ray diffraction
Creators: name: Shayduk, Roman
Publisher: name: Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Molekularstrahlepitaxie
subject: Phasenwechselmaterialien
subject: Rontgenbeugung
subject: Hochenergie Elektronenbeugung unter streifendem Einfall
subject: X-ray diffraction
subject: Molecular beam epitaxy
subject: Phase change materials
subject: Reflection high energy electron diffraction
subject: 530

description: The integration of phase change materials into semiconductor heterostructures may lead to the development of a new generation of high density non-volatile phase change memories. Epitaxial phase change materials allow to study the detailed structural changes during the phase transition and to determine the scaling limits of the memory. This work is dedicated to the epitaxial growth of Ge-Sb-Te phase change alloys on GaSb(001). We deposit Ge-Sb-Te (GST) films on GaSb(001) substrates by means of molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The film orientation and lattice constant evolution is determined in real time during growth using grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GID). The nucleation stage of the growth is studied \emph{in situ} using reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED).
description: Die monolithische Integration von Phasenwechselmaterialien mit Halbleiter-Hetero\-strukturen er\"offnet neue Perspektiven f\"ur zuk\"unftige Generationen von nichtfl\"uchtigen Speicherbauelementen. %Epitaktische Phasenwechselmaterialien ermï¿½glichen detaillierte %Studien der strukturellen ï¿½nderungen wï¿½hrend des Phasenï¿½bergangs und %erlauben eine Bestimmung der Skalierungslimits zukï¿½nftiger %Datenspeicher. Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit dem epitaktischen Wachstum von Ge-Sb-Te Phasenwechselmaterialien. Dazu wurden Ge-Sb-Te(GST) Schichten mittels Molekularstrahlepitaxie (MBE) auf GaSb(001)-Substraten abgeschieden. Die kristallografische Orientierung und die Ver\"anderungen der Gitterkonstante w\"ahrend des Wachstums wurden mittels R\"ontgenbeugung unter streifendem Einfall (GIXRD) bestimmt. Das Nukleationsverhalten zu Beginn des Wachstums wurde mittels Hochenergie-Elektronenbeugung unter streifendem Einfall (RHEED) untersucht.
On abstract commensurators of groups
Creators: name: Bartholdi, Laurent
name: Bogopolski, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the abstract commensurator of a nonabelian free group, an infinite surface group, or more generally of a group that splits appropriately over a cyclic subgroup, is not finitely generated. This applies in particular to all torsion-free word-hyperbolic groups with infinite outer automorphism group and abelianization of rank at least 2. We also construct a finitely generated, torsion-free group which can be mapped onto Z and which has a finitely generated commensurator.
description: 13 pages, no figure
title: NREL Getting Extra 'Corn Squeezins'
Creators: name: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Publisher: name: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/036266993
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1993
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/94641
subject: Ethanol
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/94948
subject: Fuel additives
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/94971
subject: Alternate fuels
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/94956
subject: Biomass fuels
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/92520
subject: Pilot plants
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/92174
subject: Public private partnerships
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91357
subject: Renewable energy sources

description: NREL Technology Brief.  NREL/MK-336-5639 (revised)
description: This article discusses a cooperative research and development agreement between New Energy Company of Indiana and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory to build a pilot plant that will produce additional ethanol from the carbohydrates left over from the traditional ethanol production method.
Novel engineering methods for the development of optogenetic tools
Creators: name: TICHY, ALEXANDRA-MADELAINE
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 100403 Medical Molecular Engineering of Nucleic Acids and Proteins
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology
subject: 60113 Synthetic Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology

description: This thesis addresses two major challenges in the field of cellular optogenetics. It provides a streamlined method and plasmid repository for the engineering of light-activated protein-protein interactions, and introduces a conceptually novel design approach for light-activated G-protein coupled receptors based on structural information. This work facilitates the broader accessibility of optogenetics and presents significant improvements in activity and applicability of current optogenetic tools.
title: Renewable Fuel Solutions for Petroleum Refineries
Creators: name: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
Publisher: name: National Renewable Energy Laboratory
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/036266993
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1995
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/94979
subject: Synthetic fuels
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/94948
subject: Fuel additives
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91386
subject: Fuel processing
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/91393
subject: Petroleum refining
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/92098
subject: Petroleum industry
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97412
subject: Research

description: BioFacts
description: This National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) factsheet, one in a series, BioFacts: Fueling a Stronger Economy, explains how biomass research is helping to produce new ways to condition synthesis gas (syngas) produced from refinery byproducts, coke, waste oils, and other inexpensive feedstocks, thus minimizing environmental problems and maximizing profitability.
Additional file 1: of Spatial pattern analysis of nuclear migration in remodelled muscles during Drosophila metamorphosis
Creators: name: Kuleesha
name: Feng, Lin
name: Wasser, Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology

description: Sample table of nuclear tracks, results of anti-polar/polar migration analysis and figures showing myonuclear distribution phenotypes observed in previous study. (DOCX 5608Â kb)
Parkin-deficient Mice Exhibit Nigrostriatal Deficits but not Loss of Dopaminergic Neurons
Creators: name: Meloni, E.G.
name: Levine, M.S.
name: Lam, H.A.
name: Goldberg, M.S.
name: Gajendiran, M.
name: Roth, B.L.
name: Fleming, S.M.
name: Klapstein, G.J.
name: Palacino, J.J.
name: Ackerson, L.C.
name: Bhatnagar, A.
name: Wu, N.
name: Shen, J.
name: Maidment, N.T.
name: Cepeda, C.
name: Chesselet, M.-F.
Publisher: name: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Inc.
Year: 2003

description: Loss-of-function mutations in parkin are the major cause of early-onset familial Parkinson's disease. To investigate the pathogenic mechanism by which loss of parkin function causes Parkinson's disease, we generated a mouse model bearing a germline disruption in parkin. Parkin-/- mice are viable and exhibit grossly normal brain morphology. Quantitative in vivo microdialysis revealed an increase in extracellular dopamine concentration in the striatum of parkin-/- mice. Intracellular recordings of medium-sized striatal spiny neurons showed that greater currents are required to induce synaptic responses, suggesting a reduction in synaptic excitability in the absence of parkin. Furthermore, parkin-/- mice exhibit deficits in behavioral paradigms sensitive to dysfunction of the nigrostriatal pathway. The number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of parkin-/- mice, however, is normal up to the age of 24 months, in contrast to the substantial loss of nigral neurons characteristic of Parkinson's disease. Steady-state levels of CDCrel-1, synphilin-1, and Î±-synuclein, which were identified previously as substrates of the E3 ubiquitin ligase activity of parkin, are unaltered in parkin-/- brains. Together these findings provide the first evidence for a novel role of parkin in dopamine regulation and nigrostriatal function, and a non-essential role of parkin in the survival of nigral neurons in mice.
Control of serotonergic function in medial prefrontal cortex by serotonin-2A receptors through a glutamate-dependent mechanism
Creators: name: Artigas, F.
name: Martin-Ruiz, R.
name: Shapiro, D.A.
name: Celada, P.
name: Roth, B.L.
name: Victoria Puig, M.
name: Mengod, G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: We examined the in vivo effects of the hallucinogen 4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine (DOI). DOI suppressed the firing rate of 7 of 12 dorsal raphe (DR) serotonergic (5-HT) neurons and partially inhibited the rest (ED5O = 20 Î¼g/kg, i.v.), an effect reversed by M100907 (5-HT2A antagonist) and picrotoxinin (GABAA antagonist). DOI (1 mg/kg, s.c.) reduced the 5-HT release in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) to 33 Â± 8% of baseline, an effect also antagonized by M100907. However, the local application of DOI in the mPFC increased 5-HT release (164 Â± 6% at 100 Î¼M), an effect antagonized by tetrodotoxin, M100907, and BAY Ã— 3702 (5-HT1A agonist) but not by SB 242084 (5-HT2C antagonist). The 5-HT increase was also reversed by NBQX (AMPA-KA antagonist) and 1S,3S-ACPD (mGluR 2/3 agonist) but not by MK-801 (NMDA antagonist). AMPA mimicked the 5-HT elevation produced by DOI. Likewise, the electrical-chemical stimulation of thalamocortical afferents and the local inhibition of glutamate uptake increased the 5-HT release through AMPA receptors. DOI application in mPFC increased the firing rate of a subgroup of 5-HT neurons (5 of 10), indicating an enhanced output of pyramidal neurons. Dual-label fluorescence confocal microscopic studies demonstrated colocalization of 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors on individual cortical pyramidal neurons. Thus, DOI reduces the activity of ascending 5-HT neurons through a DR-based action and enhances serotonergic and glutamatergic transmission in mPFC through 5-HT2A and AMPA receptors. Because pyramidal neurons coexpress 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A receptors, DOI disrupts the balance between excitatory and inhibitory inputs and leads to an increased activity that may mediate its hallucinogenic action.
Detection and characterization of β-adrenergic receptors and adenylate cyclase in coated vesicles isolated from bovine brain
Creators: name: Spain, J.W.
name: Cosciat, C.J.
name: Roth, B.L.
name: Chuang, D.-M.
name: Dillon-Carter, O.
name: Laskowski, M.B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1986

description: [No abstract available]
The distribution and chromatographic characterization of PHI (peptide histidine isoleucine amide)-27-like peptides in rat and porcine brain
Creators: name: Korchak, D.M.
name: Roth, B.L.
name: Beinfeld, M.C.
name: O'Donohue, T.L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: [No abstract available]
Spatiotemporal trafficking of HIV in human plasmacytoid dendritic cells defines a persistently IFN-α-producing and partially matured phenotype
Creators: name: Manches, O.
name: Bhardwaj, N.
name: Baranda, S.J.
name: Sabado, R.L.
name: Markowitz, M.
name: Margolis, D.M.
name: Rolnitzky, L.
name: Marie, I.
name: O'Brien, M.
name: Levy, D.
name: Wang, Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) are innate immune cells that are specialized to produce IFN-α and to activate adaptive immune responses. Although IFN-α inhibits HIV-1 replication in vitro, the production of IFN-α by HIV-activated pDCs in vivo may contribute more to HIV pathogenesis than to protection. We have now shown that HIV-stimulated human pDCs allow for persistent IFN-α production upon repeated stimulation, express low levels of maturation molecules, and stimulate weak T cell responses. Persistent IFN-α production by HIV-stimulated pDCs correlated with increased levels of IRF7 and was dependent upon the autocrine IFN-α/β receptor feedback loop. Because it has been shown that early endosomal trafficking of TLR9 agonists causes strong activation of the IFN-α pathway but weak activation of the NF-κB pathway, we sought to investigate whether early endosomal trafficking of HIV, a TLR7 agonist, leads to the IFN-α-producing phenotype we observed. We demonstrated that HIV preferentially traffics to the early endosome in human pDCs and therefore skews pDCs toward a partially matured, persistently IFN-α-secreting phenotype.
Control of template positioning during de novo initiation of RNA synthesis by the bovine viral diarrhea virus NS5B polymerase
Creators: name: Goette, M.
name: Cellai, L.
name: D'Abramo, C.M.
name: Cameron, C.E.
name: Deval, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of the hepatitis C virus and the bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is able to initiate RNA synthesis de novo in the absence of a primer. Previous crystallographic datahave pointed to the existence of a GTP-specific binding site (G-site) that is located in the vicinity of the active site of the BVDV enzyme. Here we have studied the functional role of the G-site and present evidence to show that specific GTP binding affects the positioning of the template during de novo initiation. Following the formation of the first phosphodiester bond, the polymerase translocates relative to the newly synthesized dinucleotide, which brings the 5′-end of the primer into the G-site, releasing the previously bound GTP. At this stage, the 3′-end of the template can remain opposite to the 5′-end of the primer or be repositioned to its original location before RNA synthesis proceeds. We show that the template can freely move between the two locations, and both complexes can isomerize to equilibrium. These data suggest that the bound GTP can stabilize the interaction between the 3′-end of the template and the priming nucleotide, preventing the template to overshoot and extend beyond the active site during de novo initiation. The hepatitis C virus enzyme utilizes a dinucleotide primer exclusively from the blunt end; the existence of a functionally equivalent G-site is therefore uncertain. For the BVDV polymerase we showed that de novo initiation is severely compromised by the T320A mutant that likely affects hydrogen bonding between the G-site and the guanine base. Dinucleotide-primed reactions are not influenced by this mutation, which supports the notion that the G-site is located in close proximity but not at the active site of the enzyme. © 2006 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc.
Nanoscale ion implantation using focussed highly charged ions
Creators: name: Räcke, Paul
name: Wunderlich, Ralf
name: Gerlach, Jürgen W.
name: Meijer, Jan
name: Spemann, Daniel
Publisher: name: [London] : IOP
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: colour centres
subject: electron beam ion source
subject: focussed ion beam
subject: highly charged ions
subject: ion implantation
subject: ion optics
subject: nano technology
subject: 530

description: We introduce a focussed ion beam (FIB) based ion implanter equipped with an electron beam ion source (EBIS), able to produce highly charged ions. As an example of its utilisation, we demonstrate the direct writing of nitrogen-vacancy centres in diamond using focussed, mask-less irradiation with Ar8+ ions with sub-micron three dimensional placement accuracy. The ion optical system was optimised and is characterised via secondary electron imaging. The smallest measured foci are below 200 nm, using objective aperture diameters of 5 and 10 µm, showing that nanoscale ion implantation using an EBIS is feasible. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd on behalf of the Institute of Physics and Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft.
Intelligence Ethics
Creators: name: Venturi, Giulia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The Intelligence community has an unquestionable role in pursuing the security of citizens and Nations. The evidence clearly suggests that ethical dilemmas are a constant trait of the intelligence profession, and can generate much public controversy when certain operations become public - consider as examples mass surveillance of citizens over social networks or torture and inhumane degrading treatment for the purposes of HUMINT intelligence collection. In addition to this, it can happen that an intelligence practitioner comes into possession of information of such seriousness that he or she considers the possibility of disseminating it, for example in the name of democracy or human rights, sometimes leading to scandals even at an international level (e.g. leak of confidential information, as in the Snowden case).

Therefore, everyday Intelligence practitioners have to make choices based on what is wrong and what is right - with respect to law, their conscience, the code of professional conduct, the indications of their agency, the possible consequences of such choices or actions, and many other aspects.

This white paper presents a literature review about ethical approaches in Intelligence, provides a legislative frame considering functional guarantees in selected EU countries and the National security exceptionalism, and proposes considerations and recommendations to the Intelligence community.
'Un mal peque‚àö¬±o para un gran bien' : smallpox prevention and the dissemination of new ideas in Spain 1725-1775
Creators: name: Gratton, JM
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The intellectual developments that transformed Europe during the long eighteenth century were widely believed to have begun late in Spain. More recently, it has been recognised, especially by Spanish scholars, that profound change began in the seventeenth century and that this early progress underpinned the developments which occurred later. In the middle decades of the eighteenth century, Spain saw three monarchs and many reforms. This was a period of change. Yet change in Spain was notoriously hindered by a stubborn resistance to the entry and dissemination of many of the new ideas which were encouraging progress elsewhere in Europe. One such idea was the notion that smallpox inoculation, which involved the deliberate inducement of a mild case so as to produce long-term immunity, could and should be used to combat the damage wrought by the disease. The available published and manuscript evidence permits an examination of the nature and extent of discourse and activity around inoculation during its introductory phase, which coincides with this mid-century period of transition. The study uses the introduction of inoculation to investigate the changing conditions governing the dissemination of new ideas in Spain at this time. Divided into two time periods, 1725-1759 and 1759-1775, it examines the response to inoculation in terms of the transmission and receipt of information and opinion about the technique and also in terms of the adoption and use of the practice. The discussion of inoculation discourse and activity is set in the context of the prevailing political and intellectual conditions, and this periodisation serves to accentuate and to clarify the ways in which circumstances influencing the dissemination of ideas altered over the course of the middle years of the century. The inoculation case study is used to create a clearer understanding of Spain's treatment of new ideas by focusing on the extent of public and private discourse, the extent of repression through censorship and, as illustrated especially through an inter-related case study of the Sociedad Bascongada, the process of innovation. The study reveals that the virtual absence of an unofficial periodical press did not necessarily prevent wide and timely promulgation of contentious new ideas and that censorship was haphazard in its effects, sometimes producing outcomes which conflicted with the government's reform programme. It also demonstrates how innovation tended to occur most readily at the periphery and how new practices could spread through emulation.
Cosmological Phases of the String Thermal Effective Potential
Creators: name: Bourliot, Francois
name: Estes, John
name: Kounnas, Costas
name: Partouche, Herve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a superstring framework, the free energy density, F, can be determined unambiguously at the full string level once supersymmetry is spontaneously broken via geometrical fluxes. We show explicitly that only the moduli associated to the supersymmetry breaking may give relevant contributions. All other spectator moduli μ_I give exponentially suppressed contributions for relatively small (as compared to the string scale) temperature, T, and supersymmetry breaking scale, M. More concisely, for μ_I > T and M, F takes the form F(T,M; μ_I)=F(T,M)+O[exp(- {μ_I\over T}), exp(- {μ_I\over M})] We study the cosmological regime where T and M are below the Hagedorn temperature scale T_H. In this regime, F remains finite for any values of the spectator moduli μ_I. We investigate extensively the case of one spectator modulus μ_d corresponding to R_d, the radius-modulus field of an internal compactified dimension. We show that its thermal effective potential admits five phases, each of which can be described by a distinct but different effective field theory. For late cosmological times, the Universe is attracted to a "Radiation-like evolution" with M(t) ~ T(t)~ 1/a(t)~ t^{-2/d}. The spectator modulus μ(t) is stabilized either to the stringy enhanced symmetry point where R_d=1, or fixed at an arbitrary constant μ_0>T,M. For arbitrary boundary conditions at some initial time, t_E, μ(t) may pass through more than one effective field theory phase before its final attraction.
description: 60 pages, 1 figure
A procedure for rapid determination of the silicon content in plant materials
Creators: name: Neumann, M.
name: Nöske, R.
name: Bach, G.
name: Glaubauf, T.
name: Bartoszek, M.
name: Strauch, P.
Publisher: name: Berlin : DeGruyter
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Plant material
subject: Silica determination
subject: Silicon content
subject: 540

description: An efficient, reliable and low-cost procedure to determine the silicon content in plant material is presented which allows to monitor the agricultural aspects like growth and yield. The presented procedure consists of a hydrochloric acid pre-treatment and a subsequent thermal oxidation. The method is compared to other processes like dissolution in hydrofluoric acid combined with ICP OES, energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (EDXRF) or aqua regia treatment.
Analytical mode normalization and resonant state expansion for optical fibers - an efficient tool to model transverse disorder
Creators: name: Upendar, S.
name: Allayarov, I.
name: Schmidt, Markus A.
name: Weiss, Thomas
Publisher: name: Washington D.C. : Optical Society of America
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: photonic crystal fibers
subject: micro structured fibers
subject: computation methods
subject: 620

description: We adapt the resonant state expansion to optical fibers such as capillary and photonic crystal fibers. As a key requirement of the resonant state expansion and any related perturbative approach, we derive the correct analytical normalization for all modes of these fiber structures, including leaky modes that radiate energy perpendicular to the direction of propagation and have fields that grow with distance from the fiber core. Based on the normalized fiber modes, an eigenvalue equation is derived that allows for calculating the influence of small and large perturbations such as structural disorder on the guiding properties. This is demonstrated for two test systems: a capillary fiber and a photonic crystal fiber.