cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Identification of ten loci associated with height highlights new biological pathways in human growth
Creators: name: Lyssenko, Valeriya
name: Hu, Frank B.
name: Kraft, Peter
name: Eyheramendy, Susana
name: Guiducci, Candace
name: Wichmann, H. Erich
name: Isomaa, Bo
name: Boehnke, Michael
name: Sanna, Serena
name: Mohlke, Karen L.
name: Gieger, Christian
name: Hackett, Rachel
name: Hunter, David J.
name: Hayes, Richard B.
name: Salomaa, Veikko
name: Jackson, Anne U.
name: Uda, Manuela
name: Heid, Iris M.
name: Abecasis, Gonçalo R.
name: Schumacher, Fredrick R.
name: Illig, Thomas
name: Lettre, Guillaume
name: Groop, Leif C.
name: Butler, Johannah L.
name: Schlessinger, David
name: Berndt, Sonja I.
name: Peltonen, Leena
name: Chanock, Stephen J.
name: Voight, Benjamin F.
name: Hirschhorn, Joel N.
name: Jacobs, Kevin B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Height is a classic polygenic trait, reflecting the combined influence of multiple as-yet-undiscovered genetic factors. We carried out a meta-analysis of genome-wide association study data of height from 15,821 individuals at 2.2 million SNPs, and followed up the strongest findings in >10,000 subjects. Ten newly identified and two previously reported loci were strongly associated with variation in height (P values from 4 × 10-7 to 8 × 10-22). Together, these 12 loci account for ~2% of the population variation in height. Individuals with ≤8 height-increasing alleles and ≥16 height-increasing alleles differ in height by ~3.5 cm. The newly identified loci, along with several additional loci with strongly suggestive associations, encompass both strong biological candidates and unexpected genes, and highlight several pathways (let-7 targets, chromatin remodeling proteins and Hedgehog signaling) as important regulators of human stature. These results expand the picture of the biological regulation of human height and of the genetic architecture of this classical complex trait.
(3217) William Johnson Leigh
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association data identifies two loci influencing age at menarche
Creators: name: Perry, John R.B.
name: Zhuang, Vivian
name: Spector, Tim D.
name: Garcia, Melissa
name: Bandinelli, Stefania
name: Smith, Albert V.
name: Soranzo, Nicole
name: Demerath, Ellen W.
name: Harris, Tamara B.
name: Eiriksdottir, Gudny
name: Tanaka, Toshiko
name: Folsom, Aaron R.
name: Cherkas, Lynn
name: Shuldiner, Alan R.
name: Visser, Jenny A.
name: Wilson, Scott G.
name: Stolk, Lisette
name: Aspelund, Thor
name: Murabito, Joanne M.
name: Zhai, Guangju
name: Streeten, Elizabeth A.
name: Rivadeneira, Fernando
name: Van Meurs, Joyce
name: Franceschini, Nora
name: Hofman, Albert
name: Uitterlinden, André G.
name: McArdle, Patrick F.
name: Murray, Anna
name: Gudnason, Vilmundur
name: Kiel, Douglas P.
name: Estrada, Karol
name: Launer, Lenore J.
name: Karasik, David
name: Boerwinkle, Eric
name: Singleton, Andrew
name: Lunetta, Kathryn L.
name: Weedon, Michael N.
name: Ferrucci, Luigi
name: Nalls, Michael A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association data to detect genes influencing age at menarche in 17,510 women. The strongest signal was at 9q31.2 (P = 1.7 × 10−9), where the nearest genes include TMEM38B, FKTN, FSD1L, TAL2 and ZNF462. The next best signal was near the LIN28B gene (rs7759938; P = 7.0 × 10−9), which also influences adult height. We provide the first evidence for common genetic variants influencing female sexual maturation.
Bamboo Trimming Revisited: Simple Algorithms Can Do Well Too
Creators: name: Kuszmaul, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2
subject: 68W40

description: The bamboo trimming problem considers $n$ bamboo with growth rates $h_1, h_2, \ldots, h_n$ satisfying $\sum_i h_i = 1$. During a given unit of time, each bamboo grows by $h_i$, and then the bamboo-trimming algorithm gets to trim one of the bamboo back down to height zero. The goal is to minimize the height of the tallest bamboo, also known as the backlog. The bamboo trimming problem is closely related to many scheduling problems, and can be viewed as a variation of the widely-studied fixed-rate cup game, but with constant-factor resource augmentation. Past work has given sophisticated pinwheel algorithms that achieve the optimal backlog of 2 in the bamboo trimming problem. It remained an open question, however, whether there exists a simple algorithm with the same guarantee -- recent work has devoted considerable theoretical and experimental effort to answering this question. Two algorithms, in particular, have appeared as natural candidates: the Reduce-Max algorithm (which always cuts the tallest bamboo) and the Reduce-Fastest$(x)$ algorithm (which cuts the fastest-growing bamboo out of those that have height at least $x$). Both algorithms are conjectured to achieve backlog 2. This paper improves the bounds for both Reduce-Fastest and Reduce-Max. Among other results, we show that the exact optimal backlog for Reduce-Fastest$(x)$ is $x + 1$ for all $x \ge 2$ (proving a conjecture of D'Emidio, Di Stefano, and Navarra in the case of $x = 2$), and we show that Reduce-Fastest$(1)$ does not achieve backlog 2 (disproving a conjecture of D'Emidio, Di Stefano, and Navarra). Finally, we show that there is a different algorithm, which we call the Deadline-Driven Strategy, that is both very simple and achieves the optimal backlog of 2. This resolves the question as to whether there exists a simple worst-case optimal algorithm for the bamboo trimming problem.
description: 7 pages
A map of open chromatin in human pancreatic islets
Creators: name: Simon, Jeremy M.
name: Pasquali, Lorenzo
name: Mieczkowski, Piotr
name: Mohlke, Karen L.
name: Gaulton, Kyle J.
name: Giresi, Paul G.
name: Montanya, Eduard
name: Nammo, Takao
name: Fogarty, Marie P.
name: Berney, Thierry
name: Bosco, Domenico
name: Panhuis, Tami M.
name: Lieb, Jason D.
name: Ferrer, Jorge
name: Secchi, Antonio
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Tissue-specific transcriptional regulation is central to human disease1. To identify regulatory DNA active in human pancreatic islets, we profiled chromatin by FAIRE (Formaldehyde-Assisted Isolation of Regulatory Elements)2–4 coupled with high-throughput sequencing. We identified ~80,000 open chromatin sites. Comparison of islet FAIRE-seq to five non-islet cell lines revealed ~3,300 physically linked clusters of islet-selective open chromatin sites, which typically encompassed single genes exhibiting islet-specific expression. We mapped sequence variants to open chromatin sites and found that rs7903146, a TCF7L2 intronic variant strongly associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D)5, is located in islet-selective open chromatin. We show that rs7903146 heterozygotes exhibit allelic imbalance in islet FAIRE signal, and that the variant alters enhancer activity, indicating that genetic variation at this locus acts in cis with local chromatin and regulatory changes. These findings illuminate the tissue-specific organization of cis-regulatory elements, and show that FAIRE-seq can guide identification of regulatory variants important for disease.
Optimized Projections for Compressed Sensing via Direct Mutual Coherence Minimization
Creators: name: Lu, Canyi
name: Li, Huan
name: Lin, Zhouchen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Compressed Sensing (CS) is a novel technique for simultaneous signal sampling and compression based on the existence of a sparse representation of signal and a projected dictionary $PD$, where $P\in\mathbb{R}^{m\times d}$ is the projection matrix and $D\in\mathbb{R}^{d\times n}$ is the dictionary. To exactly recover the signal with a small number of measurements $m$, the projected dictionary $PD$ is expected to be of low mutual coherence. Several previous methods attempt to find the projection $P$ such that the mutual coherence of $PD$ can be as low as possible. However, they do not minimize the mutual coherence directly and thus their methods are far from optimal. Also the solvers they used lack of the convergence guarantee and thus there has no guarantee on the quality of their obtained solutions. This work aims to address these issues. We propose to find an optimal projection by minimizing the mutual coherence of $PD$ directly. This leads to a nonconvex nonsmooth minimization problem. We then approximate it by smoothing and solve it by alternate minimization. We further prove the convergence of our algorithm. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work which directly minimizes the mutual coherence of the projected dictionary with a convergence guarantee. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can recover sparse signals better than existing methods.
EL ENIGMA CUÁNTICO leer el libro
Creators: name: Steppe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: EL ENIGMA CUÁNTICO de WOLFGANG SMITH

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EL ENIGMA CUÁNTICO

WOLFGANG SMITH

Número de páginas: 192

Idioma: CASTELLANO

Formatos: Pdf, ePub, MOBI, FB2

ISBN: 9788418952760

Editorial: ALMUZARA

Año de edición: 2021

 

 

 

 

 

Descarga gratuita de libros de datos electrónicos EL ENIGMA CUÁNTICO

 

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Tras derrumbarse la imagen clásica del mundo debido a los hallazgos de la mecánica cuántica, los físicos han propuesto una amplia gama de visiones del universo... Pero en la práctica ninguna es consistente, pese a la mayor o menor exactitud de las predicciones basadas en sus teorías y modelos. La situación ha deparado todo un “mercado de realidades”.Wolfgang Smith, reputado científico, nos brinda en este libro el marco idóneo para descubrir la auténtica cosmovisión a la que apunta la mecánica cuántica, logrando hacerla al mismo tiempo enteramente comprensible. Desgrana cómo todas esas cosmovisiones previas están aquejadas de cierto “cartesianismo residual” y, con ello, la teoría cuántica empieza a cobrar más sentido que nunca. Como demuestra el autor, ahora es posible, por vez primera, integrar los avances de la física cuántica en una visión del mundo que no es forzada sino natural, y que concuerda con las intuiciones permanentes de la Humanidad. Al dominar ambos terrenos merced a su asombrosa erudición, este trabajo provee una comprensión trascendente de la física moderna que es el contrapeso a tantos otros que tratan de interpretar las enseñanzas milenarias de Oriente y Occidente desde postulados que se han revelado erróneos.Quienes se encuentren abrumados y desamparados por el reduccionismo, el cientifismo y las pretensiones desmedidas de una ciencia puramente cuantitativa, y que al mismo tiempo sean conscientes de los logros y las ambigüedades de la mecánica cuántica, sacarán provecho de este trabajo de excepcional significado.
Figure S1. Number of occupied split-plots per species, treatment and year.; Figure S2. Number of territories per species, treatment and year.; Figure S3. Mean number (± 95% CrI) of territories and species per split-plot according to treatment and year with the plotted corresponding posterior distribution.; Figure S4. Guild specific mean number of territories and species (± 95% CrI) according to treatment and year. Plotted are as well the corresponding posterior distributions..
Creators: name: Bötsch, Yves
name: Zulima Tablado
name: Jenni, Lukas
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Figure S1: Number of split-plots in which each species was detected at least once during the three breeding-bird censuses, separately for disturbed and control split-plots. In 2014 (a) a species could be seen in a maximum of 6 split-plots while in 2015 (b) the maximum was 12. For species abbreviations see electronic supplementary material table S1.; Figure S2: Number of territories per species for disturbed and control split-plots in the six plots of 2014 (a) and in the 12 plots of 2015 (b). For each year, the maximum number of territories per species detected in each split-plot out of the three censuses was taken and summed over all split-plots. For species abbreviations see electronic supplementary material table S1.; Figure S3: Effect of experimental human disturbance on the number of territories (a,b) and species richness (c,d) per split-plot (4.7 ha) according to year and migration type: the graphs (a) and (c) include only the resident and short-distance migrant species, while the graphs (b) and (d) only the long-distance migrants. Note the different y-axes. Represented are mean fitted values with 95% credible intervals (table 1) as well as the corresponding posterior distributions. The posterior probability (PP) shows the strength of the difference between disturbed and control split-plots.; Figure S4: Effect of experimental human disturbance on the number of territories and species richness per split-plot (4.7 ha) according to (a) nesting-guild (cavity, ground and open-cup nesters), (b) sensitivity (based on flight initiation distance (FID); high = FID > median FID, low = FID ≤ median FID), and (c) foraging guild (ground and above ground) in 2014 and 2015, respectively (only for resident and short distance migrants). Represented are mean fitted values with 95% credible intervals (Electronic supplementary material table S2-S4) as well as the corresponding posterior distributions and the posterior probability (PP) that the differences between disturbed and control split-plots are different from zero.
Descargar ebook EL TERCER GEMELO | Descarga Libros Gratis (PDF - EPUB)
Creators: name: Diaz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: EL TERCER GEMELO de KEN FOLLETT

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EL TERCER GEMELO

KEN FOLLETT

Número de páginas: 464

Idioma: CASTELLANO

Formatos: Pdf, ePub, MOBI, FB2

ISBN: 9788497595377

Editorial: DEBOLSILLO

Año de edición: 2016

 

 

 

 

 

Descarga de libros electrónicos para teléfonos móviles EL TERCER GEMELO de KEN FOLLETT (Spanish Edition) 9788497595377

 

Overview

 

Una joven científica está desarrollando una investigación sobre la formación de la personalidad y las diferencias de comportamiento entre gemelos. Pero cuando descubre dos gemelos absolutamente idénticos nacidos de madres distintas, alguien intentará frenar su investigación al precio que sea.

¿Es posible que se hayan hecho experimentos secretos de clonación en seres humanos sin ser ellos conscientes? ¿Y de qué forma puede estar involucrado un candidato a la presidencia de Estados Unidos?
Identifying a Training-Set Attack's Target Using Renormalized Influence Estimation
Creators: name: Hammoudeh, Zayd
name: Lowd, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Targeted training-set attacks inject malicious instances into the training set to cause a trained model to mislabel one or more specific test instances. This work proposes the task of target identification, which determines whether a specific test instance is the target of a training-set attack. Target identification can be combined with adversarial-instance identification to find (and remove) the attack instances, mitigating the attack with minimal impact on other predictions. Rather than focusing on a single attack method or data modality, we build on influence estimation, which quantifies each training instance's contribution to a model's prediction. We show that existing influence estimators' poor practical performance often derives from their over-reliance on training instances and iterations with large losses. Our renormalized influence estimators fix this weakness; they far outperform the original estimators at identifying influential groups of training examples in both adversarial and non-adversarial settings, even finding up to 100% of adversarial training instances with no clean-data false positives. Target identification then simplifies to detecting test instances with anomalous influence values. We demonstrate our method's effectiveness on backdoor and poisoning attacks across various data domains, including text, vision, and speech, as well as against a gray-box, adaptive attacker that specifically optimizes the adversarial instances to evade our method. Our source code is available at https://github.com/ZaydH/target_identification.
description: Accepted at CCS'2022 -- Extended version including the supplementary material
Download PDF L'atout EDN
Creators: name: Williams
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: L'atout EDN pan Gabriel Giaoui

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L'atout EDN

Gabriel Giaoui

Nb. de pages: 640

Format: Pdf, ePub, MOBI, FB2

ISBN: 9782311663525

Editeur: Vuibert

Date de parution: 2022

 

 

 

Téléchargez gratuitement des livres électroniques pdf L'atout EDN in French

 

Overview

Tout le programme R2C dans un seul livre 100% visuel Destiné aux étudiants en médecine préparant les EDN, ce livre réunit en 600 fiches de révision claires et didactiques tous les items du nouveau programme des études médicales de 2e cycle (R2C). Pour performer au concours, il faut réussir à s'approprier des connaissances souvent éparses car issues de plusieurs sources officielles. Créées par un étudiant qui a réussi au concours 2021, ces fiches de cours exhaustives sont le résultat d'un travail de compilation en un support unique, idéal pour travailler ses différents tours de révision. Chaque item fait l'objet d'une fiche (rarement plusieurs) dans laquelle les éléments importants à retenir sont mis en valeur grâce à : - un code couleur pour chaque catégorie (définitions/physiopathologie/clinique/étiologie/traitement, etc.) qui permet un apprentissage aisé et une mémorisation accélérée ; - un " chemin de pensée "clinique et paraclinique, partant d'un point A pour arriver à un point C en passant par un point B, misant sur la logique pour faciliter la récupération de sa mémoire ; - la mention claire des rangs A, B et C. Avec ses arbres diagnostiques et thérapeutiques, ses tableaux, ses illustrations et ses moyens mnémotechniques, L'Atout EDN est le support de révision idéal pour l'étudiant qui veut gagner du temps sans faire d'impasse.
Extensive and coordinated transcription of noncoding RNAs within cell-cycle promoters
Creators: name: Wong, David J.
name: Børresen-Dale, Anne Lise
name: Wang, Yulei
name: Umbricht, Christopher
name: Kotake, Yojiro
name: Shah, Nilay
name: Whitfield, Michael L.
name: Kim, Seung K.
name: Wang, Pei
name: Xiong, Yue
name: Hung, Tiffany
name: Grant, Gavin D.
name: Wang, Yu
name: Van De Vijver, Marc
name: Lin, Michael F.
name: Langerød, Anita
name: Kong, Benjamin
name: Koegel, Ashley K.
name: Chang, Howard Y.
name: Horlings, Hugo M.
name: Kellis, Manolis
name: Sukumar, Saraswati
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Transcription of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) within gene regulatory elements can modulate gene activity in response to external stimuli, but the scope and functions of such activity are not known. Here we use an ultra-high density array that tiles the promoters of 56 cell cycle genes to interrogate 108 samples representing diverse perturbations. We identify 216 transcribed regions that encode putative lncRNAs--many with RT-PCR-validated periodic expression during the cell cycle, show altered expression in human cancers, and are regulated in expression by specific oncogenic stimuli, stem cell differentiation, or DNA damage. DNA damage induces five lncRNAs from the CDKN1A promoter, and one such lncRNA, named PANDA, is induced in a p53- dependent manner. PANDA interacts with the transcription factor NF-YA to limit expression of pro-apoptotic genes; PANDA depletion markedly sensitized human fibroblasts to apoptosis by doxorubicin. These findings suggest potentially widespread roles for promoter lncRNAs in cell growth control.
Satellite Band Structure in Silicon Caused by Electron-Plasmon Coupling
Creators: name: Lischner, Johannes
name: Palsson, G. K.
name: Vigil-Fowler, Derek
name: Nemsak, S.
name: Avila, J.
name: Asensio, M. C.
name: Fadley, C. S.
name: Louie, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first angle-resolved photoemission measurement of the wave-vector dependent plasmon satellite structure of a three-dimensional solid, crystalline silicon. In sharp contrast to nanomaterials, which typically exhibit strongly wave-vector dependent, low-energy plasmons, the large plasmon energy of silicon facilitates the search for a plasmaron state consisting of resonantly bound holes and plasmons and its distinction from a weakly interacting plasmon-hole pair. Employing a first-principles theory, which is based on a cumulant expansion of the one-electron Green's function and contains significant electron correlation effects, we obtain good agreement with the measured photoemission spectrum for the wave-vector dependent dispersion of the satellite feature, but without observing the existence of plasmarons in the calculations.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in PRB
Observation of competing, correlated ground states in the flat band of rhombohedral graphite
Creators: name: Hagymási, Imre
name: Isa, Mohammad Syahid Mohd
name: Tajkov, Zoltán
name: Márity, Krisztián
name: László, Oroszlány
name: Koltai, János
name: Alassaf, Assem
name: Kun, Péter
name: Kandrai, Konrád
name: Pálinkás, András
name: Vancsó, Péter
name: Tapasztó, Levente
name: Nemes-Incze, Péter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In crystalline solids the interactions of charge and spin can result in a variety of emergent quantum ground states, especially in partially filled, topological flat bands such as Landau levels or in 'magic-angle' bilayer graphene. Much less explored is rhombohedral graphite (RG), perhaps the simplest and structurally most perfect condensed matter system to host a flat band protected by symmetry. By scanning tunneling microscopy we map the flat band charge density of 8, 10 and 17 layers and identify a domain structure emerging from a competition between a sublattice antiferromagnetic insulator and a gapless correlated paramagnet. Our density-matrix renormalization group calculations explain the observed features and demonstrate that the correlations are fundamentally different from graphene based magnetism identified until now, forming the ground state of a quantum magnet. Our work establishes RG as a new platform to study many-body interactions beyond the mean-field approach, where quantum fluctuations and entanglement dominate.
description: supplementary information included
Impact of Combining Syntactic and Semantic Similarities on Patch Prioritization while using the Insertion Mutation Operators
Creators: name: Ullah, Mohammed Raihan
name: Chowdhury, Nazia Sultana
name: Tawsif, Fazle Mohammed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Patch prioritization ranks candidate patches based on their likelihood of being correct. The fixing ingredients that are more likely to be the fix for a bug, share a high contextual similarity. A recent study shows that combining both syntactic and semantic similarity for capturing the contextual similarity, can do better in prioritizing patches. In this study, we evaluate the impact of combining the syntactic and semantic features on patch prioritization using the Insertion mutation operators. This study inspects the result of different combinations of syntactic and semantic features on patch prioritization. As a pilot study, the approach uses genealogical similarity to measure the semantic similarity and normalized longest common subsequence, normalized edit distance, cosine similarity, and Jaccard similarity index to capture the syntactic similarity. It also considers Anti-Pattern to filter out the incorrect plausible patches. The combination of both syntactic and semantic similarity can reduce the search space to a great extent. Also, the approach generates fixes for the bugs before the incorrect plausible one. We evaluate the techniques on the IntroClassJava benchmark using Insertion mutation operators and successfully generate fixes for 6 bugs before the incorrect plausible one. So, considering the previous study, the approach of combining syntactic and semantic similarity can able to solve a total number of 25 bugs from the benchmark, and to the best of our knowledge, it is the highest number of bugs solved than any other approach. The correctness of the generated fixes are further checked using the publicly available results of CapGen and thus for the generated fixes, the approach achieves a precision of 100%
Towards Stream Translation: Adaptive Computation Time for Simultaneous Machine Translation
Creators: name: Schneider, Felix
name: Waibel, Alexander
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2020

description: Simultaneous machine translation systems rely on a policy to schedule read and write operations in order to begin translating a source sentence before it is complete. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of Adaptive Computation Time (ACT) as an adaptive, learned policy for simultaneous machine translation using the transformer model and as a more numerically stable alternative to Monotonic Infinite Lookback Attention (MILk). We achieve state-of-the-art results in terms of latency-quality tradeoffs. We also propose a method to use our model on unsegmented input, i.e. without sentence boundaries, simulating the condition of translating output from automatic speech recognition. We present first benchmark results on this task.
(3211) Jonathan Whitaker
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
An automated multiscale ensemble simulation approach for vascular blood flow
Creators: name: Itani, Mohamed A.
name: Schiller, Ulf D.
name: Schmieschek, Sebastian
name: Hetherington, James
name: Bernabeu, Miguel O.
name: Chandrashekar, Hoskote
name: Robertson, Fergus
name: Coveney, Peter V.
name: Groen, Derek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cerebrovascular diseases such as brain aneurysms are a primary cause of adult disability. The flow dynamics in brain arteries, both during periods of rest and increased activity, are known to be a major factor in the risk of aneurysm formation and rupture. The precise relation is however still an open field of investigation. We present an automated ensemble simulation method for modelling cerebrovascular blood flow under a range of flow regimes. By automatically constructing and performing an ensemble of multiscale simulations, where we unidirectionally couple a 1D solver with a 3D lattice-Boltzmann code, we are able to model the blood flow in a patient artery over a range of flow regimes. We apply the method to a model of a middle cerebral artery, and find that this approach helps us to fine-tune our modelling techniques, and opens up new ways to investigate cerebrovascular flow properties.
description: Journal of Computational Science (in press), 10 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
Quantum backaction evading measurements of a silicon nitride membrane resonator
Creators: name: Liu, Yulong
name: Zhou, Jingwei
name: de Lépinay, Laure Mercier
name: Sillanpää, Mika A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum backaction disturbs the measurement of the position of a mechanical oscillator by introducing additional fluctuations. In a quantum backaction measurement technique, the backaction can be evaded, although at the cost of losing part of the information. In this work, we carry out such a quantum backaction measurement using a large 0.5 mm diameter silicon nitride membrane oscillator with 707 kHz frequency, via a microwave cavity readout. The measurement shows that quantum backaction noise can be evaded in the quadrature measurement of the motion of a large object.
Figure S1. Number of occupied split-plots per species, treatment and year.; Figure S2. Number of territories per species, treatment and year.; Figure S3. Mean number (± 95% CrI) of territories and species per split-plot according to treatment and year with the plotted corresponding posterior distribution.; Figure S4. Guild specific mean number of territories and species (± 95% CrI) according to treatment and year. Plotted are as well the corresponding posterior distributions.
Creators: name: Bötsch, Yves
name: Zulima Tablado
name: Jenni, Lukas
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Figure S1: Number of split-plots in which each species was detected at least once during the three breeding-bird censuses, separately for disturbed and control split-plots. In 2014 (a) a species could be seen in a maximum of 6 split-plots while in 2015 (b) the maximum was 12. For species abbreviations see electronic supplementary material table S1.; Figure S2: Number of territories per species for disturbed and control split-plots in the six plots of 2014 (a) and in the 12 plots of 2015 (b). For each year, the maximum number of territories per species detected in each split-plot out of the three censuses was taken and summed over all split-plots. For species abbreviations see electronic supplementary material table S1.; Figure S3: Effect of experimental human disturbance on the number of territories (a,b) and species richness (c,d) per split-plot (4.7 ha) according to year and migration type: the graphs (a) and (c) include only the resident and short-distance migrant species, while the graphs (b) and (d) only the long-distance migrants. Note the different y-axes. Represented are mean fitted values with 95% credible intervals (table 1) as well as the corresponding posterior distributions. The posterior probability (PP) shows the strength of the difference between disturbed and control split-plots.; Figure S4: Effect of experimental human disturbance on the number of territories and species richness per split-plot (4.7 ha) according to (a) nesting-guild (cavity, ground and open-cup nesters), (b) sensitivity (based on flight initiation distance (FID); high = FID > median FID, low = FID ≤ median FID), and (c) foraging guild (ground and above ground) in 2014 and 2015, respectively (only for resident and short distance migrants). Represented are mean fitted values with 95% credible intervals (Electronic supplementary material table S2-S4) as well as the corresponding posterior distributions and the posterior probability (PP) that the differences between disturbed and control split-plots are different from zero.
Table S1. Bird species names (scientific, English and abbreviations) with corresponding date thresholds, classification into migration type, nesting guild, sensitivity and foraging guild. Table S2. GLMM output of the nesting guild-specific analysis. Table S3. GLMM output of the disturbance sensitivity analysis. Table S4. GLMM output of the foraging guild-specific analysis. from Experimental evidence of human recreational disturbance effects on bird-territory establishment.
Creators: name: Bötsch, Yves
name: Zulima Tablado
name: Jenni, Lukas
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Table S1. Bird species recorded during the breeding bird censuses in 2014 and 2015 (n = 34), with their scientific and English names, as well as the abbreviations used for the figures (Electronic supplementary material figure S1 and S2). We also added the threshold dates after which a species was considered as a breeding bird and not a migrant passing through (according to [37]), and the classification into migration type (long-distance migrants versus others (residents and short-distance migrants)), nesting guild (cavity, ground and open-cup nesters), foraging guild (ground, above ground) and sensitivity according to flight initiation distance (FID); FID > median FID = high sensitivity, FID ≤ median FID = low sensitivity. Table S2. Results of the GLMMs testing the effect of experimental disturbance on the number of territories and species richness according to their nesting guild (Long-distance migrants were not included in these analyses, see electronic supplementary material table S1). Represented are the estimates of the effect of each variable with its corresponding 95% credible intervals (CrI). Table S3: Results of the GLMMs testing the effect of the experimental disturbance on the number of territories and species richness according to their sensitivity towards humans according to flight initiation distances (only resident and short-distance migrants were included in these analyses, see electronic supplementary material table S1). Represented are the estimates of the effect of each variable with its corresponding 95% credible intervals (CrI). Table S4: Results of the GLMMs testing the effect of experimental disturbance on the number of territories and species richness according to their foraging guild (only resident and short-distance migrants were included in these analyses, see electronic supplementary material table S1). Represented are the estimates of the effect of each variable with its corresponding 95% credible intervals (CrI).
(3212) Alice Rose Geldert
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(3213) James Whitaker
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Defect and Temperature Dependence of Tunneling in InAs/GaSb Heterojunctions
Creators: name: Iutzi, Ryan M.
name: Fitzgerald, Eugene A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tunnel field effect transistors (TFETs) utilizing semiconductor heterojunctions have shown promise for low energy logic but presently do not display subthreshold swings steeper than the room-temperature thermal limit of 60 mV/decade. These devices also show a pronounced temperature dependence that is not characteristic of a tunneling process. Herein, we explore these aspects by studying the temperature dependence of two-terminal InAs/GaSb heterojunctions, allowing for the true nature of tunneling at the interface to be seen without convolution from other three-terminal parasitic effects such as gate oxide traps. We compare the temperature dependence of peak current, excess current, and conductance slope for InAs/GaSb interfaces with and without interface defects. We identify that the tunnel and excess currents depend on temperature and defect density and propose that the ultimate leakage current in TFETs based on these materials will be affected by defects and inhomogeneity at the interface. We determine that the conductance slope, a two-terminal analog to subthreshold slope, does not depend on temperature, contrasting sharply with the heavy temperature dependence seen in three terminal devices in literature. We propose that TFETs based on this and similar materials systems are dominated by parasitic effects such as tunneling into oxide trap states, or other parasitics that are not intrinsic to the heterojunction itself, and that in the absence of these effects, the true steepness from band-to-band tunneling is limited by defects and inhomogeneity at the interface.
Arabidopsis meiotic crossover hot spots overlap with H2A.Z nucleosomes at gene promoters
Creators: name: Ziolkowski, Piotr A.
name: Venn, Oliver
name: Hardcastle, Thomas J.
name: Franklin, F. Chris H.
name: Henderson, Ian R.
name: Mcvean, Gil
name: Choi, Kyuha
name: Yelina, Nataliya E.
name: Higgins, James D.
name: Kelly, Krystyna A.
name: Zhao, Xiaohui
name: Copenhaver, Gregory P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: PRDM9 directs human meiotic crossover hotspots to intergenic sequence motifs, whereas budding yeast hotspots overlap low nucleosome density regions in gene promoters. To investigate hotspots in plants, which lack PRDM9, we used coalescent analysis of Arabidopsis genetic variation. Crossovers increase towards gene promoters and terminators, and hotspots are associated with active chromatin modifications, including H2A.Z, histone H3K4me3, low nucleosome density and low DNA methylation. Hotspot-enriched A-rich and CTT-repeat DNA motifs occur upstream and downstream of transcriptional start respectively. Crossovers are asymmetric around promoters and highest over CTT-motifs and H2A.Z-nucleosomes. Pollen-typing, segregation and cytogenetic analysis show decreased crossovers in the arp6 H2A.Z deposition mutant, at multiple scales. During meiosis H2A.Z and DMC1/RAD51 recombinases form overlapping chromosomal foci. As arp6 reduces DMC1/RAD51 foci, H2A.Z may promote formation or processing of meiotic DNA double-strand breaks. We propose that gene chromatin ancestrally designates hotspots within eukaryotes and PRDM9 is a derived state within vertebrates.
Genome-wide association analysis of eosinophilic esophagitis provides insight into the tissue specificity of this allergic disease
Creators: name: Martin, Lisa J.
name: Rochman, Mark
name: Fleischer, David M.
name: Dexheimer, Phillip
name: Weirauch, Matthew T.
name: Rupert, Andrew M.
name: Pesek, Robbie D.
name: Lazaro, Sara
name: Stucke, Emily M.
name: Davis, Benjamin P.
name: Vaughn, Samuel
name: Kaufman, Kenneth
name: Sampson, Hugh A.
name: Kemme, Katherine A.
name: Kohram, Mojtaba
name: Mukkada, Vincent A.
name: Liu, Kan
name: Chehade, Mirna
name: Lindbad, Robert
name: Magnusen, Albert
name: Vickery, Brian P.
name: Harley, John B.
name: He, Hua
name: Putnam, Phil E.
name: Sherrill, Joseph D.
name: Wood, Robert A.
name: Kottyan, Leah C.
name: Rothenberg, Marc E.
name: Abonia, J. Pablo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic inflammatory disorder associated with allergic hypersensitivity to food. We interrogated >1.5 million genetic variants in European EoE cases and subsequently in a multi-site cohort with local and out-of-study control subjects. In addition to replication of the 5q22 locus (meta-analysis p = 1.9×10−16), we identified association at 2p23 (encoding CAPN14, p = 2.5×10−10). CAPN14 was specifically expressed in the esophagus, dynamically upregulated as a function of disease activity and genetic haplotype and after exposure of epithelial cells to IL-13, and located in an epigenetic hotspot modified by IL-13. There was enriched esophageal expression for the genes neighboring the top 208 EoE sequence variants. Multiple allergic sensitization loci were associated with EoE susceptibility (4.8×10−2 < p < 5.1×10−11). We propose a model that elucidates the tissue specific nature of EoE that involves the interplay of allergic sensitization with an EoE-specific, IL-13–inducible esophageal response involving CAPN14.
The Laureates of the Nobel Prize in Physics 2022. Some personal memories
Creators: name: Bertlmann, Reinhold A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some personal memories of the Nobel Prize Winners 2022 Alain Aspect, John Clauser, and Anton Zeilinger are summarized and the significance of their works is described in a historical perspective.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Deletion of TOP3β, a component of FMRP-containing mRNPs, contributes to neurodevelopmental disorders
Creators: name: Hurles, Matthew
name: Linder, Bastian
name: Torniainen, Minna
name: Paunio, Tiina
name: Hennah, William
name: Varilo, Teppo
name: Kristiansson, Kati
name: Stefansson, Hreinn
name: Brosi, Cornelia
name: Peltonen, Leena
name: Fischer, Utz
name: Kaprio, Jaakko
name: Freimer, Nelson B.
name: Jarvelin, Marjo Riitta
name: Daly, Mark J.
name: Isohanni, Matti
name: Leppä, Virpi
name: Lönnqvist, Jouko
name: Raitakari, Olli T.
name: Suvisaari, Jaana
name: Sullivan, Patrick F.
name: Ripatti, Samuli
name: Rehnström, Karola
name: Palotie, Aarno
name: Salomaa, Veikko
name: Tallila, Jonna
name: Tuulio-Henriksson, Annamari
name: Lehtimäki, Terho
name: Plöttner, Oliver
name: Stoll, Georg
name: Eriksson, Johan G.
name: Ala-Mello, Sirpa
name: Pietiläinen, Olli P.H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Implicating particular genes in the generation of complex brain and behavior phenotypes requires multiple lines of evidence. The rarity of most high impact genetic variants typically precludes the possibility of accruing statistical evidence that they are associated with a given trait. We show here that the enrichment of a rare Chromosome 22q11.22 deletion in a recently expanded Northern Finnish sub-isolate enables the detection of association between TOP3β and both schizophrenia and cognitive impairment. Biochemical analysis of TOP3β revealed that this topoisomerase is a component of cytosolic messenger ribonucleoproteins (mRNPs) and is catalytically active on RNA. The recruitment of TOP3β to mRNPs was independent of RNA cis-elements and was coupled to the co-recruitment of FMRP, the disease gene product in fragile X mental retardation syndrome (FXS). Thus, we uncover a novel role for TOP3β in mRNA metabolism and provide several lines of evidence implicating it in neurodevelopmental disorders.
HÁBITOS MINIMOS leer epub BJ FOGG
Creators: name: Strauser
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: HÁBITOS MINIMOS de BJ FOGG

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HÁBITOS MINIMOS

BJ FOGG

Número de páginas: 384

Idioma: CASTELLANO

Formatos: Pdf, ePub, MOBI, FB2

ISBN: 9788417694340

Editorial: URANO

Año de edición: 2021

 

 

 

 

 

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Overview

Todos tenemos una lista personal de buenos propósitos que arrastramos de año en año: perder peso, hacer ejercicio, dormir más, ahorrar, pasar menos tiempo navegando en internet, buscar trabajo, ser más productivos… La decisión es firme, el objetivo está claro, pero parecemos incapaces de sostener el propósito en el tiempo. ¿Por qué? Entender cómo se adquieren los hábitos, tanto los buenos como los malos, es el primer paso para mejorar nuestro estilo de vida. Y nadie mejor que el Dr. BJ Fogg, una eminencia en el tema y una leyenda en Silicon Valley, para explicarlo mediante un sencillísimo esquema que marcará un cambio radical. Aún más importante: comparte un sistema infalible, rápido y divertido basado en reducir el nuevo hábito a un gesto mínimo. No hace falta fuerza de voluntad ni un sistema de recompensas ni sostener el cambio un número de días determinado. Solo necesitas treinta segundos diarios, que podrás insertar en el espacio de tu vida que tú elijas. También en cuestión de hábitos, menos es más.