Ormiophasia crassivena Gudin & Nihei 2019, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Gudin, Filipe M.
name: Nihei, Silvio S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Ormiophasia
Ormiophasia crassivena

description: Ormiophasia crassivena sp. nov.
(Figs 4B, 6C, 8B, 10C, 12C, 14B, 33, 41A)
Type material. HOLOTYPE ♂ (Figs 6C, 10C, 12C, 33A, C, G): “Amubri, A. C. Amistad, Prov. Limón / Costa Rica, 70 m, 1–19.Feb.1994, G./ Gallardo [leg.], L S 385500_578000, #2687”/ “ Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI001/ 708503”/ “ Holotype ” [red label] (MNCR).
PARATYPES (4 ♂♂, 17 ♀♀): Brazil: 2 ♀♀: “ Brasil, RO [Rondônia], Vilhena / 124655S–602218W/ 25.iv.2006, J.A. Rafael &/ F.F. Xavier Fo [leg.], arm luz [light trap]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (INPA); 1 ♀: “ Brasil, AM [Ama- zonas], Manaus, ZF2/ Km-14, Torre 023521S/ 600655W, 12–15.x.2004 / lençol: luz mista e BLB [light trap]”/ “35 mts altura, J.A. Rafael/ C.S. Mota, R.F. Xavier Fo / A. Silva Fo & S. Trovisco [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (INPA); 1 ♀: “ Brasil, Am [Amazonas]/ Ig. Tucunare, 75/ Km W. Itacoatiara / 30Jan.1979 [30.i.1979]/ O.S. Flint, Jr. [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM); 1 ♀: “DZUP 201400”/ “ Jacareacanga / Pará, Brasil, x.1959 / M. Al- varenga leg.” / “ Paratype ” [green label] (DZUP). Costa Rica: 1 ♂ [dissected, photographed] (Fig. 33E): “ Amubri, Prov. Limón, Costa Rica / 70 m, 1–22 ENE 1995 [1–22.i.1995], G. Gallardo [leg.]/ L S 385000 578100, #4388”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 192340”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♂ [dissected]: “ Est. Hitoy Cerere, Res. / Biol. Hitoy Cerere, Rio / Cerere, 200 m, Prov. Limón / Costa Rica, G. Carballo [leg.]/ Dic 1990 [xii.1990]/ L-N-184200, 643300”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 294734”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♂: “ Río San Lorenzo, 1050 m, Tierras / Morenas, Z. P. Tenorio, Prov./ Guan., Costa Rica, Ene 1993 [i.1993]/ G. Rodriguez [leg.], L-N-287800, 427600”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI001/ 306776”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀ [dissected]: “ Est. Hitoy Cerere, 100 m, R./ Cerere, Res. Biol. Hitoy Cerere / Prov. Limón, Costa Rica, Mar / 1993 [iii.1993], G. Carballo [leg.]/ L-N-184200, 643300”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI001/ 299694”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀ [dissected]: “ Hitoy Cerere, Prov. Limón, Costa Rica / 100 m, Oct 1993 [x.1993], G. Carbalo [leg.]/ L N 643400_ 184600, #2378”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI001/ 726990”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀ [photographed] (Figs 8B, 14B, 33B, D, F, H): “ Costa Rica, Prov. Limón, R. B./ Hitoy Cerere, Send. Espavel, 560 m, 27/ JUN—2 JUL 2003 [27.vi–2.vii.2003], B. Gamboa, E./ Rojas, W. Arana [leg.], Trampa de Luz / Mercurio [light trap], L_S_ 401200_569800, #74441”/ “INB0003733068/ MNCRCRI, COSTA RICA ”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Est. Hitoy Cerere, 100 m, R./ Cerere, Res. Biol. Hitoy Cerere / Prov. Limón, Costa Rica, Mar / 1993 [iii.1993], G. Carballo [leg.]/ L-N-184200, 643300”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI001/ 299689”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Amubri, 70 m, Talamanca / Prov. Limón, Costa Rica / 16 a 31 ago 1992 [16–31.viii.1992]/ G. Gallardo /L-S- 385500, 578050”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI000/ 734685”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR); 1 ♀: “ Amubri, Prov. Limón, Costa Rica / 70 m, 3–28 FEB 1995 [3–28.ii.1995], G. Gallardo/ L_S_385000_578100, #4389”/ “Costa Rica, MNCR/ CRI002/ 215820”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNCR). French Guiana: 1 ♂, 1 ♀: “ Muséum Paris ”/ “ Guyane Française / Piste Changement, P. K., 4 à 7/ ix/91 [4–7.ix.1991], Exp. H. de Toulgoët [leg.]”/ “H. de Toulgoët—J. Navatte/ P. Bleuzen—L. Sénecaux”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MNHN). Panama: 1 ♀: “Cerro Jefe, R. P. [Republic of Panama]/ 28 May 54 [28.v.1954], light [handwriting]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (NHMUK). Venezuela: 1 ♀: “ Km 38, El Dorado / Santa Elena, BO/ Venezuela / 2.ix.57 [1957]”/ “ C.J. Rosales col. [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MIZA); 1 ♀: “Venezuela, T. F./ Amazonas Dpt / Rio Negro ”/ “ Rio Baria / 14 Om. / 0 o 55’N, 66º10’W ”/ “ C. Padilla / 25.iii–15.iv.84 [1984]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MIZA); 1 ♀: “Venezuela, T. F./ Amazonas / San Carlos de/ Rio Negro / 7–13.xi.1982 [handwriting]”/ “ Col. A. Chacon / G. Yepez G.”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (MIZA); 1 ♀: “Ven- ezuela, T. F. Amaz. / Cerro de la Neblina/ Basecamp, 0 o 50’N / 66º9’44”W, 140 m / 1–10 March 1984 [1–10.iii.1984]/ D. Davis & T. McCabe [leg.]”/ “ Paratype ” [green label] (USNM).
Type locality. Costa Rica, Limón, Amubri.
Distribution. Brazil (states of Amazonas, Pará and Rondônia), Costa Rica (provinces of Guanacaste and Limón), French Guiana, Panama and Venezuela (states of Amazonas and Bolívar).
Etymology. The name refers to the conspicuous thickness of veins in the female wing, from the Latin “ crassus ” = thick and “ vena ” = vein.
Diagnosis. Ormiophasia crassivena sp. nov. can be distinguished from other species of Ormiophasia by head with silver pruinosity (Figs 6C, 8B); clypeus darker than frontoclypeal membrane; thorax and abdomen dark brown (Figs 10C, 12C, 14B); basicosta broad, twice width of tegula (Fig. 4B); male wing with weak infuscation around veins R 1, R 2+3, R 4+5, M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 33G); female wing 2.3 times longer than wide, with strong infuscation around all veins (Fig. 33H) except A 1 +CuA 2, veins R 2+3, R 4+5, M 1 and CuA 1 thickened, and section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 strongly curved; apex of male cerci about 2/5 length of cerci (Fig. 41A), rounded in posterior view and about 1/2 width of cerci, gradually constricted. Ormiophasia crassivena sp. nov. is very similar to O. manguinhos sp. nov., especially concerning wing characters (Fig. 34 F–G). However, O. manguinhos sp. nov. has thorax brownish-yellow, contrasting with dark brown abdomen (Figs 10D, 12D, 14C), and vein R 1 without infuscation and vein R 2+3 infuscated only at the tip in male (Fig. 34F). Additionally, the apex of the male cerci of O. manguinhos sp. nov. is shorter (Fig. 41B) than in O. crassivena sp. nov.
Description. Male. Body length 6.08–8.31 mm (mean = 7.25 mm); wing length 6.37–8.72 mm (7.54 mm) (n = 5).
Coloration. Head silver-pruinose (Fig. 6C). Frontal vitta dark brown. Ocellar triangle black. Fronto-orbital plate gray. Lunule yellowish-gray to brown. Antenna yellowish-orange to dark brown. Parafacial gray. Gena, facial ridge and face brownish-gray. Mouthparts brown except clypeus (dark brown). Occiput dark brown in upper area, becom- ing light brown in lower area. Thorax silver-pruinose (Figs 10C, 12C). Scutum dark brown; presutural scutum with three silver-pruinose stripes merged posteriorly after suture. Postpronotal lobe and lateral surface of thorax dark brown. Scutellum and subscutellum dark brown. Wing with weak brown infuscation around veins R 1, R 2+3 and R 4+5 and weak brown infuscation around veins M 1 and dm-cu (Fig. 33G). Tegula and basicosta dark brown. Veins brown. Halter light brown. Calypteres brown. Legs dark brown. Abdomen entirely dark brown with silver pruinosity.
Head (Fig. 6C, 33A, C). Elliptic in frontal view; ratio of head height/head width 0.75. Ocelli twice the diameter of dorsal ommatidia. Postocellar setae 2. Frontal vitta entirely or partially obliterated, subequal in width to ocellar triangle. Frontal setae 7–8, convergent, posterior ones shorter and weaker.Arista weakly plumose. First flagellomere 2.6 times longer than pedicel. Face 1.3 times wider than facial ridge. Facial ridge 2.1 times wider than parafacial.
Thorax. Basisternum 0.64 times as high as wide (Fig. 33E); median upper margin rounded, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane 0.48 times as high as wide. Proepimeral setae 2, upcurved. Anterodorsal corner of anepisternum with 1 weak seta, about 1/2 length of first notopleural seta; posterior row with 7–8 setae. Meral setae 7–8. Wing. Subequal to body length, three times longer than wide. Basicosta twice width of tegula. Base of vein R 4+5 with 1 dorsal and 3 ventral setae. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 slightly curved. Legs. Fore femur with row of 10–11 dorsal setae from base to apex and row of 12–20 posteroventral setae from base to apex. Fore tibia with row of four equally-spaced anterodorsal setae and 1 preapical seta. Mid femur with 2–3 posteroventral basal setae. Hind femur with row of 13–15 anterodorsal setae from base to apex and 3–4 anteroventral basal setae. Hind tibia with 2 posterodorsal median setae and 1 preapical seta.
Terminalia (Fig. 41A). Sternite 5 subrectangular; lateral distal lobes pronounced. Anteroventral epandrial process continuous with ventral epandrial margin. Dorsal surface of epandrium short, posterior margin higher than anterior margin; lateral ventral margin slightly curved; posterior area articulated to surstylus with open, rounded arch. Surstylus stout, thicker than apex of cerci in lateral view; posterior outer surface covered with strong setae in upper two-thirds, posterior inner surface with few short setae medially. Cerci: basal margin slightly curved, without a distinct median projection; apex about 2/5 length of cerci, rounded in posterior view, narrow and tapered in lateral view; apex about 1/2 width of cerci in posterior view, gradually constricted; apex with anterior surface U-shaped. Postgonite slightly curved, apex tapered in lateral view.
Female. Differs from male as follows. Body length 6.68–7.88 mm (mean = 7.34 mm); wing length 6.72–8.72 mm (mean = 8.03 mm) (n = 10). Head (Figs 8B, 33B, D). Frontal vitta 1.5 times width of fronto-orbital plate. Frontal setae 6–8, from lunule to posterior orbital proclinate seta; second or third anteriormost frontal seta stronger and subequal to subvibrissal setae. First flagellomere 2.4 times as long as pedicel. Facial ridge 1.9 times wider than parafacial. Thorax. Basisternum 0.57 times as high as wide (Fig. 33F); median upper margin rounded and long, subtriangular. Prosternal tympanal membrane elliptic, 0.81 times as high as wide. Wing 2.3 times longer than wide; with strong brown infuscation around all veins except A 1 +CuA 2 (Fig. 33H). Vein R 2+3 thickened along entire length, veins R 4+5 and M 1 thickened at level of crossvein r-m, and vein CuA 1 thickened at midlength. Section of vein M between crossvein dm-cu and M 1 strongly curved.
Remarks. The females were associated with the males through body color, infuscation of wing and size of basicosta. There is sexual dimorphism in the wings, the male lacking thickened veins and having weaker infuscation, whereas the female has thickened veins and strong infuscation. Ormiophasia crassivena sp. nov. and O. manguinhos sp. nov. are the most different from other Ormiophasia species, especially because of the shape of the basicosta and wing morphology, including the thickness of the female veins. The former seems to be restricted to the Amazon rainforest and Central America, whereas the latter has so far been found only in the Atlantic Forest.
description: Published as part of Gudin, Filipe M. & Nihei, Silvio S., 2019, Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Ormiophasia Townsend, 1919 (Diptera: Tachinidae), with the description of eight new species, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 4643 (1) on pages 53-56, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4643.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4000443