cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
HACIA UNA TERMINOLOGÍA CIENTÍFICA EN EL ÁREA DE COSTOS
Creators: name: Guerreiro, Reinaldo
name: Yardin, Amaro
Publisher: name: Revista de Informação Contábil
Year: 2008
Subjects: Terminologia; Custos; Conceitos.

description: Este trabalho tem como objetivo contribuir com o emprego mais preciso da terminologia frequentemente empregada no âmbito da disciplina de Custos. São apresentados e analisados conceitos e definições de diversos autores, de diferentes nacionalidades, que demonstram claramente a inconsistência do significado terminológico, quando do emprego das expressões “custo variável”, “custo fixo”, “custo direto” e “custo indireto”. A partir das reflexões efetuadas, o trabalho apresenta como resultado, uma proposta concreta do emprego de uma terminologia clara, sem expressões ambíguas, na qual cada vocábulo tem somente um significado. Resumen: La presente ponencia persigue el objetivo de contribuir a un uso más preciso de la terminología frecuentemente empleada en el ámbito de la disciplina de Costos. Son expuestos conceptos y definiciones de varios autores, de distintas nacionalidades, que demuestran claramente la inconsistencia de la terminología empleada en el manejo de los vocablos “costo variable”, “costo fijo”, “costo directo” e y “costo indirecto”. El aporte concluye con una propuesta concreta de empleo de una terminología clara, sin expresiones ambiguas, en la cual cada uno de los vocablos señalados tiene una, y sólo una, acepción.
description: Revista de Informação Contábil, v. 1, n. 2 (2007): RIC - Revista de Informação Contábil
Rotational velocities of Blue Straggler Stars in the Globular Cluster M55
Creators: name: Billi, Alex
name: Ferraro, Francesco R.
name: Mucciarelli, Alessio
name: Lanzoni, Barbara
name: Cadelano, Mario
name: Monaco, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using high-resolution spectra acquired with FLAMES-GIRAFFE at the ESO/VLT, we measured radial and rotational velocities of 115 stars in the Galactic globular cluster M55. After field decontamination based on the radial velocity values, the final sample of member stars is composed of 32 blue straggler stars (BSSs) and 76 reference stars populating the red giant and horizontal branches of the cluster. In agreement with previous findings, the totality of red giant branch stars has negligible rotation ($<$ 10 km s$^{-1}$), and horizontal branch stars have rotational velocities of 40 km s$^{-1}$ at most. In contrast, the BSS rotational velocity distribution shows a long tail extending up to $\sim$ 200 km s$^{-1}$, with 15 BSSs (out of 32) spinning faster than 40 km s$^{-1}$. By defining the threshold for fast rotating BSSs at 40 km s$^{-1}$, this sets the percentage of these stars at 47 $\pm$ 14 %. Such a large value has never been found before in any globular clusters. It is roughly comparable to that measured in other loose systems ($ω$ Centauri, M4, and NGC 3201) and significantly larger than that observed in high-density clusters (as 47 Tucanae, NGC 6397, NGC 6752, and M30). This evidence supports a scenario where recent BSS formation is occurring in low-density environments. We also find that the BSS rotational velocity tends to decrease for decreasing luminosity, as found for another loose cluster of the sample (namely, NGC 3201).
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
EMISSÃO DE DEBÊNTURES E EARNINGS MANAGEMENT NO BRASIL
Creators: name: Martinez, Antonio Lopo
name: Faria, Mariana De Paula
Publisher: name: Revista de Informação Contábil
Year: 2008
Subjects: Earnings Management; Debêntures; Accruals discricionários.

description: O presente trabalho investiga se as empresas que emitem debêntures no Brasil promovem o gerenciamento dos resultados contábeis (earnings management) com o intuito de alterar a percepção de risco dos investidores. Apresenta-se o tema earnings management da seguinte forma: quais as motivações, as técnicas e as conseqüências desse procedimento. O período de estudo compreende os anos entre 2000 e 2003, tendo como base principal de dados o Sistema Nacional de Debêntures (SND) e as informações coletadas no infoinvest.com.br. Para estimar os accruals discricionários (discretionary acrruals) que são a proxy do valor discricionariamente alterado dos resultados contábeis, utilizaram-se modelos de regressão múltipla de JONES e de Kang e Sivaramakrishnan [KS], ambos adaptados as peculiaridades da realidade contábil brasileira. Os resultados da pesquisa indicam que há indícios de gerenciamento de resultados nas empresas constantes da amostra, no entanto, os resultados obtidos, por meio dos modelos, têm caráter informativo e não podem ser interpretados como verdade absoluta. Abstract: This paper investigates whether firms that issue bonds in Brazil promote earnings management with the purpose to manipulate risk perceptions. It develops the topic in the following ways: (i) which are the motivations to earnings management? (ii) The procedures to identify and (iii) Consequences of earnings management. The study period is from 2000 to 2003, using as main database SND and additional information obtained form infoinvest.com.br. To estimate the discretionary accruals which are proxies of earnings management, it was used the Jones and Kang & Sivamakrishnam [KS] models, both adjusted for Brazilian context. The results show that are some evidence of earnings management in the sample, although, the findings can not be interpreted as absolute true. Key-words: Earnings Management; Debentures; Accruals discretionary.
description: Revista de Informação Contábil, v. 1, n. 2 (2007): RIC - Revista de Informação Contábil
UMA REFLEXÃO DA APRENDIZAGEM COOPERATIVA COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE ENSINO PARA A FORMAÇÃO DOS CONTADORES
Creators: name: Vasconcelos, Ana Lúcia Fontes De Souza
name: Da Silva, Márcia Ferreira Neves
name: Lima, Carolina De Almeida
name: De Melo, Eduardo Dos Anjos Tenório
Publisher: name: Revista de Informação Contábil
Year: 2008
Subjects: Aprendizagem cooperativa; Inteligência emocional; Liderança.

description: Esse estudo tem por objetivo identificar com reflexão crítica os elementos e técnicas específicas da metodologia de ensino- aprendizagem-cooperativa - e suas contribuições, capazes de desenvolver nos discentes características de habilidades sociais e da inteligência emocional que garanta uma formação diferenciada em consonância com as expectativas do mercado no trabalho em equipe. Utilizou-se o método de abordagem dedutivo aliado à técnica de documentação indireta. Concluiu-se que o método de aprendizagem cooperativa, baseado em problemas, relacionada com a aprendizagem colaborativa visa à interação entre alunos de maneira que estes alcancem objetivos em comum, trazendo a possibilidade de se preparar alunos solidários, que respeitam as diferenças, com auto-estima elevada, capazes de liderar equipes de forma positiva, com habilidades cooperativas, tendo estes aspectos diferenciados em sua formação. Abstract: This study has the purpose of identifying with a critical reflection the specific elements and techniques of the cooperative teaching-learning methodology and its contributions, capable of developing on the students characteristics of social abilities and emotional intelligence which guarantees a differentiated formation in consonance with the market expectations in a group work. It was used the deductive approach method allied to the indirect documentation technique. It was concluded that the cooperative learning technique, based on problems, related to the collaborative learning aims the interaction among students in a way which they reach common goals, bringing up the possibility of preparing mutual students, who respect the differences, with a high self-esteem, capable of leading teams in a positive way, with cooperative abilities, having these differentiated aspects in their formation. Keyword: Cooperative learning; Emotional intelligence; leadership.
description: Revista de Informação Contábil, v. 1, n. 2 (2007): RIC - Revista de Informação Contábil
Particle Stirring in Turbulent Gas Disks: Including Orbital Oscillations
Creators: name: Youdin, Andrew N.
name: Lithwick, Yoram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the diffusion and random velocities of solid particles due to stochastic forcing by turbulent gas. We include the orbital dynamics of Keplerian disks, both in-plane epicycles and vertical oscillations. We obtain a new result for the diffusion of solids. The Schmidt number (ratio of gas to particle diffusivity) is Sc = 1 + (Omega t_stop)^2, in terms of the particle stopping time, t_stop, and the orbital frequency, Omega. The standard result, Sc = 1 + t_stop/t_eddy, in terms of the eddy turnover time, t_eddy, is shown to be incorrect. The main difference is that Sc rises quadratically, not linearly, with stopping time. Consequently, particles larger than ~ 10 cm in protoplanetary disks will suffer less radial diffusion and will settle closer to the midplane. Such a layer of boulders would be more prone to gravitational collapse. Our predictions of RMS speeds, vertical scale height and diffusion coefficients will help interpret numerical simulations. We confirm previous results for the vertical stirring of particles (scale heights and random velocities), and add a correction for arbitrary ratios of eddy to orbital times. The particle layer becomes thinner for t_eddy > 1/Omega, with the strength of turbulent diffusion held fixed. We use two analytic techniques -- the Hinze-Tchen formalism and the Fokker-Planck equation with velocity diffusion -- with identical results when the regimes of validity overlap. We include simple physical arguments for the scaling of our results.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, accepted to Icarus
APLICAÇÃO DA ANÁLISE FATORIAL NA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DOS FATORES DE DESEMPENHO NÃO-FINANCEIRO DAS EMPRESAS SALINEIRAS NO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE
Creators: name: De Carvalho, José Ribamar Marques
name: Pereira, José Matias
Publisher: name: Revista de Informação Contábil
Year: 2008
Subjects: Indicadores não-financeiros; Análise fatorial; Setor salineiro.

description: Este estudo objetiva determinar quais os indicadores não-financeiros mais significativos, revelados pela Análise Fatorial, que devem ser levados em consideração no acompanhamento do resultado das empresas salineiras no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Para isso, foram pesquisadas 31 empresas do setor de um total de 39 organizações. Utilizou-se do SPSS, versão 13.0, para realizar a análise Fatorial. Os resultados apontam que a análise fatorial foi capaz de determinar as principais características referentes à importância dos indicadores não-financeiros no processo decisório das organizações do setor salineiro no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Foram encontrados dois fatores, um relacionado ao processo produtivo e aos clientes e outro relacionado à qualidade dos produtos e ao valor da marca. Os resultados evidenciam as principais preocupações que deverão estar sendo discutidas pelos tomadores de decisões do setor salineiro como maneira de vislumbrar resultados mais satisfatórios para o gerenciamento das atividades empresariais. Abstract: This study aims at to determine which the more significant no-financial indicators, revealed by the Factorial Analysis that you/they should be taken into account in the attendance of the result of the companies of salt in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. For that, they were researched 31 companies of the section of a total of 39 organizations. It was used of SPSS, version 13.0, to accomplish the techniques of the Factorial Analysis. The results point that the factorial analysis was capable to determine the main characteristics regarding the importance of the no-financial indicators in the process decision of the organizations of the section of salt in the State of Rio Grande do Norte. They were found two factors, a related to the productive process and to the customers and another related to the quality of the products and the value of the mark. The results evidence the main concerns that should be being discussed by the decision makers of the salt industry as way to glimpse more satisfactory results for the management of their business. Key-Words: Non-financial indicators; Factorial analysis; Salt industry.
description: Revista de Informação Contábil, v. 1, n. 2 (2007): RIC - Revista de Informação Contábil
Variables predicting achievement in introductory computer science courses
Creators: name: Sall, Malkit Singh
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study examined the problem of predicting achievement for introductory computer science courses at the college or university level. A questionnaire was developed based on 22 predictor variables that were identified in the review of the literature to predict the final course examination score and the final course grade. The predictor variables were grouped into secondary subject areas and other prior characteristics of each student. The total score on the questionnaire, the score on the KSW Test (Konvalina, Stephens and Wileman, 1983) and the 22 variables were correlated with the final course examination scores and the final course grades using the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. Five secondary subject areas correlated significantly (p ≤ 0.003) with the final course examination score and the final course grade: prior computer science achievement, secondary English achievement, secondary languages other than English, secondary mathematics achievement and secondary science achievement. Eight other characteristics correlated significantly with the final examination scores: number of mathematics courses completed after grade 12, overall grade 12 percentage/grade point average, current college/university overall percentage/grade point average, prior computer programming experience, expected grade of current computer course, number of time-sharing and networking systems previously used, number of different programming languages used for programming, and number of different types of computers previously used for programming. Eleven further characteristics correlated significantly with the final course grades: current age, year/grade level, number of years after secondary graduation, number of mathematics courses completed after grade 12, overall grade 12 percentage/grade point average, current college/university overall percentage/grade point average, prior computer programming experience, expected grade of current computer course, number of time-sharing and networking systems previously used, number of different programming languages used for programming, and number of different types of computers previously used for programming. The factor analysis calculations showed that there were five main factors (each composed of a combination of predictor variables) that were labelled as Computer Literacy, Scholastic Achievement and Language Learning, Mathematical Reasoning and Scholastic Achievement, and Finger Dexterity. The questionnaire developed in this study is as good as the KSW Test and is faster to complete (10 minutes versus 40 minutes). Interpretations of the findings, conclusions, limitations of the study, and implications of the study are discussed.
A sequence of blowing-ups connecting moduli of sheaves and the Donaldson polynomial under change of polarization
Creators: name: Yamada, Kimiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J60; 14D20, 14J27, 14J29, 14J80

description: Let $H$ and $H'$ be two ample line bundles over a nonsingular projective surface $X$, and $M(H)$ (resp. $M(H')$) the coarse moduli scheme of $H$-semistable (resp. $H'$-semistable) sheaves of fixed type $(r=2,c_1,c_2)$. In a moduli-theoretic way that comes from elementary transforms, we connect $M(H)$ and $M(H')$ by a sequence of blowing-ups when walls separating $H$ and $H'$ are not necessarily good. As an application, we also consider the polarization change problem of Donaldson polynomials.
description: This article has been published, while Introduction is revised
REVISTA CONTABILIDADE & FINANÇAS USP: UMA ANÁLISE BIBLIOMÉTRICA DE 1999 A 2006
Creators: name: Leite Filho, Geraldo Alemandro
name: Siqueira, Regina Lacerda
Publisher: name: Revista de Informação Contábil
Year: 2008
Subjects: Análise bibliográfica; Contabilidade; Pesquisa.

description: O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever e analisar as principais características bibliométricas da Revista Contabilidade & Finanças (USP) no período de 1999 a 2006. Foram analisados 21 fascículos que editaram 147 artigos provenientes de 279 autores que publicaram no referido periódico no espaço temporal de 1999-2006. Optou-se, na metodologia, por uma pesquisa empírico-analítica com abordagem descritiva e com avaliação quantitativa de dados por meio de estatística descritiva e testes de médias. Na coleta, organização e tabulação dos dados foi utilizado a planilha do MS-Excel e na análise o software SPSS. Os resultados apontaram que no período supracitado houve predominância de autoria de gênero masculino, a colaboração entre dois autores (47%) foi a forma mais freqüente de autoria entre os trabalhos escritos, 76% dos autores tiveram apenas uma contribuição no periódico, nas referências bibliográficas os autores enfatizaram livros (40%), seguidos de artigos periódicos (23%), foram encontrados indícios de endogenia com a maioria dos autores vinculados à USP. Os testes estatísticos sugeriram que a distribuição de autoria seguiu padrões da teoria bibliométrica (Lotka) e que houve uma uniformidade na distribuição dos tipos de referências bibliográficas no decorrer dos anos analisados, sugerindo uma padronização na construção do referencial bibliográfico. Abstract: The aim of this work was to describe and to analyze main bibliometrics patterns of Revista Contabilidade & Finanças (USP) in 1999-2006. They were analyzed 21 fascicles that edited 147 papers of 279 authors that published in referred journal in 1999-2006. The methodology used was an empiric-analytical research with descriptive approach and with quantitative evaluation of data through descriptive statistics and tests of averages. In the collection, organization and tabulation of the data was used MS-Excel and in the analysis the software SPSS. The results pointed that in the there was predominance of authorship of masculine gender, the collaboration among two authors (47%) it was the most frequent form of authorship among the written works, 76% of the authors just had a contribution in the newspaper, in the bibliographical references the authors emphasized books (40%), following by papers (23%), they were found indications with most of the authors linked USP. The statistical tests suggested that the authorship distribution followed patterns of the bibliometric theory (Lotka) and that there was an uniformity in the distribution of the types of bibliographical references in elapsing of the analyzed years, suggesting a standardization in the construction of the framework theorical. Key-words: Bibliographical analysis; Accounting; Research.
description: Revista de Informação Contábil, v. 1, n. 2 (2007): RIC - Revista de Informação Contábil
GESTÃO DE CUSTOS HOSPITALARES POR MEIO DO CUSTEIO POR ABSORÇÃO: O CASO DA MATERNIDADE CARMELA DUTRA
Creators: name: Raupp, Fabiano Maury
name: Crispim, Cláudia Hernandez
name: De Almeida, Éder Da Silveira
Publisher: name: Revista de Informação Contábil
Year: 2008
Subjects: Custos hospitalares; Custeio por absorção; Maternidade.

description: O artigo analisa o processo de gestão de custos, por meio do custeio por absorção, na Maternidade Carmela Dutra. A pesquisa é do tipo exploratória, realizada por meio de um estudo de caso, com abordagem quali-quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados através de documentos primários e analisados por meio de análise descritiva e documental. O custeio por absorção atende às exigências do Programa Nacional de Gestão de Custos – PNGC. Além disso, o método é solicitado pela Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Santa Catarina com o intuito de padronizar as informações de custos das unidades hospitalares administradas. Abstract: The article aims to analyze the process of management of costs by means of absorption costing, in Carmela Dutra maternity. This research is typed like an investigation, carried through a case study, with a qualitative-quantitative aproach. The data had been collected through primary documents and analyzed by documentary and descriptive analysis. The absorption costing takes care of requirements of Management of Costs National Program – PNGC. Moreover, the method is requested by the Secretariat of Health of Santa Catarina State with the intention to standardize the costs information of the hospital units that were managed. Key- words: Hospital costs; Absorption costing; Maternity.
description: Revista de Informação Contábil, v. 1, n. 2 (2007): RIC - Revista de Informação Contábil
N=4 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Multiplet in Non-Adjoint Representations
Creators: name: Nishino, Hitoshi
name: Rajpoot, Subhash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a theory for N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills multiplet in a non-adjoint representation R of SO(N) as an important application of our recently-proposed model for N=1 supersymmetry. This system is obtained by dimensional reduction from an N=1 supersymmetric Yang-Mills multiplet in non-adjoint representation in ten dimensions. The consistency with supersymmetry requires that the non-adjoint representation R with the indices i, j, ... satisfy the three conditions η^{i j} = δ^{i j}, (T^I)^{i j} = - (T^I)^{j i} and (T^I)^{[ i j |} (T^I)^{| k ] l} = 0 for the metric η^{i j} and the generators T^I, which are the same as the N=1 case.
description: 6 pages, no figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Protostellar Outflows at the EarliesT Stages (POETS) V. The launching mechanism of protostellar winds via water masers
Creators: name: Moscadelli, Luca
name: Oliva, André
name: Sanna, Alberto
name: Surcis, Gabriele
name: Bayandina, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the launching mechanism of winds and jets remains one of the fundamental challenges in astrophysics. The Protostellar Outflows at the EarliesT Stages (POETS) survey has recently mapped the 3D velocity field of the protostellar winds in a sample (37) of luminous young stellar objects (YSOs) at scales of 10-100 au via very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of the 22 GHz water masers. In most of the targets, the distribution of the 3D maser velocities can be explained in terms of a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) disk wind (DW). We have performed Very Long Baseline Array observations of the 22 GHz water masers in IRAS 21078+5211, the most promising MHD DW candidate from the POETS survey, to determine the 3D velocities of the gas flowing along several wind streamlines previously identified at a linear resolution of ~1 au. Near the YSO at small separations along ($xl \le 150$ au) and across ($R \le 40$ au) the jet axis, water masers trace three individual DW streamlines. By exploiting the 3D kinematic information of the masers, we determined the launch radii of these streamlines with an accuracy of $\sim$1 au, and they lie in the range of 10-50 au. At increasingly greater distances along the jet (110 au $\le xl \le 220$ au), the outflowing gas speeds up while it collimates close to the jet axis. Magneto-centrifugal launching in a radially extended MHD DW appears to be the only viable process to explain the fast (up to 60 km/s) and collimated (down to 10 degree) velocities of the wind in correspondence with launch radii ranging between 10 and 50 au. At larger separations from the jet axis ($R \ge 100$ au), the water masers trace a slow ($\le$20 km/s), radially expanding arched shock-front with kinematics inconsistent with magneto-centrifugal launching. Our resistive-magnetohydrodynamical simulations indicate that this shock-front could be driven by magnetic pressure.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
IMPACTOS DA MUDANÇA DO REGIME DE TRIBUTAÇÃO DO PIS E COFINS PARA AS EMPRESAS DE CAPITAL ABERTO: ÊNFASE NO SETOR TÊXTIL BRASILEIRO
Creators: name: Pinheiro, Alexandre Santos
name: Costa, Danielle Martins Duarte
Publisher: name: Revista de Informação Contábil
Year: 2008
Subjects: Setor têxtil; PIS; COFINS; Capital aberto; Tributação.

description: O objetivo deste estudo consiste em analisar os impactos da mudança das legislações para os setores de vestuário e calçados, tendo como base de análise os demonstrativos contábeis das empresas de capital aberto disponíveis no sistema Economática no período compreendido entre 1996 a 2005. Utilizou-se para tanto uma análise de painel das variáveis da Receita Bruta, Imposto sobre Vendas, montante de PIS e COFINS, Custo do Produto Vendido e Lucro Bruto, para verificar o grau de dependência do total de impostos com as respectivas variáveis. Posteriormente, foi feita uma análise de tendência das referidas variáveis no intuito de verificar seus comportamentos. Os resultados confirmaram o que se esperava para o comportamento dos impostos das vendas em relação à receita bruta: correlação positiva de crescimento entre ambos. Concluiu-se que a mudança da lei gerou efeito positivo para as empresas enquadradas na sistemática não-cumulativa porque houve tendência de diminuição percentual no total das contribuições PIS e COFINS, com tendência constante para aumentos proporcionais nas vendas. Abstract: This study aims to analyze the impacts of the change of the legislations for the clothing and footwear industries. The analysis is supported on companies´ accounting statements available on Economática, covering the years 1996 to 2005. Sales, Tax on Sales, PIS and COFINS (two taxes), Cost of the Product Sold and Gross Profit were used to verify the rank of dependence of the total of taxes with the respective variables. Subsequently, it was conducted an analysis of the tendency of the referred variables. The results confirmed what was expected for the impact of the sales taxes on sales: positive correlation. The conclusion is that the change in law generated positive effect for the companies which use the non-cumulative approach. This is due to the reduction of total contributions (PIS and COFINS), with constant tendency for proportional increases in sales. Key-Words: Sector textile; PIS; COFINS; Open capital; Taxation.
description: Revista de Informação Contábil, v. 1, n. 2 (2007): RIC - Revista de Informação Contábil
Raman Scattered O VI $λ$ 6825 and the Accretion Disk Emission Model in the Symbiotic Stars V1016 Cygni and HM Sagittae
Creators: name: Lee, Hee-Won
name: Kang, Suna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the high resolution spectra of the D type symbiotic stars V1016 Cygni and HM Sagittae obtained with the Bohyunsan Optical Echelle Spectrograph (BOES), and investigate the double-peaked asymmetric profiles of the Raman scattered O VI 6825. By adopting a wind accretion disk model, we assume that the O VI emission region is described by a Keplerian thin disk. The Raman scattering occurs in a neutral region near the giant, taking in the form of a slow stellar wind, part of which is ionized by the strong UV radiation from the hot white dwarf. Using a Monte Carlo technique, we compute the line profiles that are modulated by the slow spherical stellar wind from the giant component with the ionization front approximated by a hyperboloid. In order to account for the asymmetry and the existence of a central dip in the profiles, we add an O VI resonance scattering region between the hot white dwarf and the giant star which hinders the incidence of slightly blue O VI photons upon the H I region. Overall good fits to the observed data are obtained from our model, which lends support to the accretion disk emission model in these objects. The best fitting parameters for V1016 Cyg are $v_o=30{\rm km s^{-1}}$, $v_\infty=11{\rm km s^{-1}}$, and $v_{c}=10{\rm km s^{-1}}$, where $v_o$, $v_\infty$ and $v_{c}$ are the velocity of the outer disk rim, the terminal velocity of the giant wind, and the velocity component of the resonance scattering O VI region along the binary axis, respectively. Similar fitting parameters $v_o=27{\rm km s^{-1}}$, $v_\infty=10{\rm km s^{-1}}$ and $v_{c}=9{\rm km s^{-1}}$ are obtained for HM Sge. We also investigate the effect of a hot spot in a disk that is well known in accretion disks in cataclysmic variables.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Constraining the dark-energy equation of state with cosmological data
Creators: name: Teng, Yu-Ping
name: Lee, Wolung
name: Ng, Kin-Wang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the observed equation of state for dark energy appears to favor values below $-1$. The tendency implies that the nature of dark energy may be quite different from that of the cosmological constant. In view of the adjustment on the equation of state keeps decreasing, the introduction of the phantom energy seems inevitable. By employing observational constraints from supernovae and from the acoustic scale in which the accuracy of the data has become extraordinary, we apply a phenomenological scenario to be acquainted with the evolution of our universe. The demonstration on the constrained unfolding of the phantom energy shows the model has high consistency with the current observation.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Title changed to match the published version
Imprints of dark matter on the structural properties of minimally deformed compact stars
Creators: name: Yousaf, Z.
name: Bamba, Kazuharu
name: Almutairi, Bander
name: Hashimoto, Yuki
name: Khan, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this manuscript, we investigate the possibility of constructing anisotropic dark matter compact stars motivated by the Einasto density profile. This work develops analytical solutions for an anisotropic fluid sphere within the framework of the well-known Adler-Finch-Skea metric. This toy model incorporates an anisotropic fluid distribution that includes a dark matter component. We use the minimal geometric deformation scheme within the framework of gravitational decoupling to incorporate anisotropy into the pressure profile of the stellar system. In this context, we model the temporal constituent of the $Θ$-field sector to characterize the contribution of dark matter within the gravitational matter source. We present an alternative approach to studying anisotropic self-gravitating structures. This approach incorporates additional field sources arising from gravitational decoupling, which act as the dark component. We explicitly verify whether the proposed model satisfies all the requirements for describing realistic compact structures in detail. We conclude that the modeling of the Einasto density model with the Adler-Finch-Skea metric gives rise to the formation of well-behaved and viable astrophysical results that can be employed to model the dark matter stellar configurations.
description: 25 pages, 13 figures, version accepted for publication in Physics of the Dark Universe
On the Self-Affine Roughness of a Crack Front in Heterogeneous Media
Creators: name: Bouchbinder, Eran
name: Bregman, Michal
name: Procaccia, Itamar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The long-ranged elastic model, which is believed to describe the evolution of a self-affine rough crack-front, is analyzed to linear and non-linear orders. It is shown that the nonlinear terms, while important in changing the front dynamics, are not changing the scaling exponent which characterizes the roughness of the front. The scaling exponent thus predicted by the model is much smaller than the one observed experimentally. The inevitable conclusion is that the gap between the results of experiments and the model that is supposed to describe them is too large, and some new physics has to be invoked for another model.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
High Spatial Resolution Observations of Two Young Protostars in the R Corona Australis Region
Creators: name: Groppi, Christopher E.
name: Hunter, Todd R.
name: Blundell, Raymond
name: Sandell, Göran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present multi-wavelength, high spatial resolution imaging of the IRS 7 region in the R Corona Australis molecular cloud. Our observations include 1.1 mm continuum and HCO^+ J = $3 \to 2$ images from the SMA, ^{12}CO J = $3 \to 2$ outflow maps from the DesertStar heterodyne array receiver on the HHT, 450 $μ$m and 850 $μ$m continuum images from SCUBA, and archival Spitzer IRAC and MIPS 24 \micron images. The accurate astrometry of the IRAC images allow us to identify IRS 7 with the cm source VLA 10W (IRS 7A) and the X-ray source X_W. The SMA 1.1 mm image reveals two compact continuum sources which are also distinguishable at 450 $μ$m. SMA 1 coincides with X-ray source CXOU J190156.4-365728 and VLA cm source 10E (IRS 7B) and is seen in the IRAC and MIPS images. SMA 2 has no infrared counterpart but coincides with cm source VLA 9. Spectral energy distributions constructed from SMA, SCUBA and Spitzer data yield bolometric temperatures of 83 K for SMA 1 and $\leq$70 K for SMA 2. These temperatures along with the submillimeter to total luminosity ratios indicate that SMA 2 is a Class 0 protostar, while SMA 1 is a Class 0/Class I transitional object (L=$17\pm6$ \Lsun). The ^{12}CO J = $3 \to 2$ outflow map shows one major and possibly several smaller outflows centered on the IRS 7 region, with masses and energetics consistent with previous work. We identify the Class 0 source SMA 2/VLA 9 as the main driver of this outflow. The complex and clumpy spatial and velocity distribution of the HCO^+ J = $3 \to 2$ emission is not consistent with either bulk rotation, or any known molecular outflow activity.
description: 31 pages, 8 figures, Accepted to ApJ
KS+: Predicting Workflow Task Memory Usage Over Time
Creators: name: Bader, Jonathan
name: Lößer, Ansgar
name: Thamsen, Lauritz
name: Scheuermann, Björn
name: Kao, Odej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Scientific workflow management systems enable the reproducible execution of data analysis pipelines on cluster infrastructures managed by resource managers such as Kubernetes, Slurm, or HTCondor. These resource managers require resource estimates for each workflow task to be executed on one of the cluster nodes. However, task resource consumption varies significantly between different tasks and for the same task with different inputs. Furthermore, resource consumption also fluctuates during a task's execution. As a result, manually configuring static memory allocations is error-prone, often leading users to overestimate memory usage to avoid costly failures from under-provisioning, which results in significant memory wastage. We propose KS+, a method that predicts a task's memory consumption over time depending on its inputs. For this, KS+ dynamically segments the task execution and predicts the memory required for each segment. Our experimental evaluation shows an average reduction in memory wastage of 38% compared to the best-performing state-of-the-art baseline for two real-world workflows from the popular nf-core repository.
description: Paper accepted in 2024 IEEE ReWorDS, eScience
Measurement of the CP-Violating Asymmetries in B0 -> KS pi0 and of the Branching Fraction of B0 -> K0 pi0
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Aubert, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a measurement of the time-dependent CP-violating asymmetries in $B^0 \to K^0_{\scriptscriptstyle S}π^0$ decays based on 383 million $Υ(4S)\to B\kern 0.18em\bar{\kern -0.18em B}$ events collected by the \mbox{\slshape B\kern-0.1em{\smaller A}\kern-0.1em B\kern-0.1em{\smaller A\kern-0.2em R}} experiment at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy $B$ Factory at SLAC. We measure the direct CP-violating asymmetry $C_{K^0_{\scriptscriptstyle S}π^0} = 0.24 \pm 0.15 \pm 0.03$ and the CP-violating asymmetry in the interference between mixing and decay $S_{K^0_{\scriptscriptstyle S}π^0} = 0.40 \pm 0.23 \pm 0.03$, where the first errors are statistical and the second are systematic. On the same sample, we measure the decay branching fraction, obtaining ${\cal B}(B^0 \to K^0π^0)= (10.3 \pm 0.7 \pm 0.6)\times 10^{-6}$.
description: 8 pages, 2 postscript figure, submitted to PRD-RC
Soft X-ray emission from the classical nova AT 2018bej
Creators: name: Tavleev, A.
name: Ducci, L.
name: Suleimanov, V. F.
name: Maitra, C.
name: Werner, K.
name: Santangelo, A.
name: Doroshenko, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical novae are known to demonstrate a supersoft X-ray source (SSS) state following outbursts, which is associated with residual thermonuclear burning on the white dwarf (WD) surface. During its all-sky survey (eRASS1), the eROSITA telescope onboard the Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma observatory discovered a bright new SSS, whose position is consistent with the known classical nova AT 2018bej in the Large Magellanic Cloud. There were two eROSITA spectra obtained during eRASS1 and eRASS2 monitoring epochs and one XMM-Newton grating spectrum close to the eRASS1 epoch. We aim to describe the eROSITA and XMM-Newton spectra of AT 2018bej with our local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) atmosphere models. We focused on the evolution of the hot WD properties between the eRASS1 and eRASS2 epochs, especially on the change of the carbon abundance. A grid of LTE model atmosphere spectra were calculated for different values of the effective temperature (from $T_{\rm eff}= 525$ to $700\,\rm kK$), surface gravity (six values) and chemical composition with five different values of carbon and nitrogen abundances. Both eRASS1 and XMM $0.3-0.6$ keV spectral analyses yield a temperature of the WD of $T_{\rm eff}{\sim}\,600\, \rm kK$ and a WD radius of $8000-8700\,\rm km$. Simultaneous fitting of the eROSITA spectra for two epochs (eRASS1 and eRASS2) with a common WD mass parameter demonstrates a decrease in $T_{\rm eff}$ accompanied by an increase in the WD radius and a decrease in the carbon abundance. However, these changes are marginal and coincide within errors. The derived WD mass is estimated to be $1.05-1.15\, M_\odot$. We traced a minor evolution of the source on a half-year timescale accompanied by a decrease in carbon abundance and concluded that LTE model atmospheres can be used to analyse the available X-ray spectra of classical novae during their SSS stage.
description: 12 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication to A&A
Nucleating a Different Coordination in a Crystal under Pressure: A Study of the B1-B2 Transition in NaCl by Metadynamics
Creators: name: Badin, Matej
name: Martoňák, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we propose an NPT metadynamics simulation scheme for pressure-induced structural phase transitions, using coordination number and volume as collective variables, and apply it to the reconstructive structural transformation $B1$-$B2$ in NaCl. By studying systems with size up to 64 000 atoms we reach a regime beyond collective mechanism and observe transformations proceeding via nucleation and growth. We also reveal the crossover of the transition mechanism from Buerger-like for smaller systems to Watanabe-Tolédano for larger ones. The scheme is likely to be applicable to a broader class of pressure-induced structural transitions, allowing study of complex nucleation effects and bringing simulations closer to realistic conditions.
description: 7 pages and 5 figures. For the Supplemental Material, please look into the source .zip archive
H$_3^+$ absorption and emission in local U/LIRGs with JWST/NIRSpec: Evidence for high H$_2$ ionization rates
Creators: name: Pereira-Santaella, Miguel
name: González-Alfonso, Eduardo
name: García-Bernete, Ismael
name: Donnan, Fergus R.
name: Santa-Maria, Miriam G.
name: Goicoechea, Javier R.
name: Lamperti, Isabella
name: Perna, Michele
name: Rigopoulou, Dimitra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the 3.4-4.4$μ$m fundamental rovibrational band of H3+, a key tracer of the ionization of the molecular interstellar medium (ISM), in a sample of 12 local (d< 400 Mpc) ultra/luminous infrared galaxies (U/LIRGs) observed with JWST/NIRSpec. The P, Q, and R branches of the band are detected in 13 out of 20 analyzed regions within these U/LIRGs, which increases the number of extragalactic H3+ detections by a factor of 6. For the first time in the ISM, the H3+ band is observed in emission in 3 of these regions. In the remaining 10 regions, the band is seen in absorption. The absorptions are produced toward the 3.4-4.4$μ$m hot dust continuum rather than toward the stellar continuum, indicating that they likely originate in clouds associated with the dust continuum source. The H3+ band is undetected in Seyfert-like U/LIRGs where the mildly obscured X-ray radiation from the AGN might limit the abundance of this molecule. For the detections, the H3+ abundances, N(H3+)/N_H = (0.5-5.5)x10^-7, imply relatively high ionization rates between 3x10^-16 and >4x10^-15 s^-1, which are likely associated with high-energy cosmic rays. In half of the targets the absorptions are blue-shifted by 50-180 km/s, which are lower than the molecular outflow velocities measured using other tracers such as OH 119$μ$m or rotational CO lines. This suggests that H3+ traces gas close to the outflow launching sites before it has been fully accelerated. We used nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium models to investigate the physical conditions of these clouds. In 7 out of 10 objects, the H3+ excitation is consistent with inelastic collisions with H2 in warm translucent molecular clouds (T_kin ~ 250-500 K and n(H2) ~ 10^(2-3) cm^-3). In three objects, dominant infrared pumping excitation is required to explain the absorptions from the (3,0) and (2,1) levels of H3+ detected for the first time in the ISM.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A Letters. 6 pages, 5 figures. Appendix: 5 pages, 4 figures
On the Entanglement Entropy in Gaussian cMERA
Creators: name: Fernandez-Melgarejo, Jose J.
name: Molina-Vilaplana, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The continuous Multi Scale Entanglement Renormalization Anstaz (cMERA) consists of a variational method which carries out a real space renormalization scheme on the wavefunctionals of quantum field theories. In this work we calculate the entanglement entropy of the half space for a free scalar theory through a Gaussian cMERA circuit. We obtain the correct entropy written in terms of the optimized cMERA variational parameter, the local density of disentanglers. Accordingly, using the entanglement entropy production per unit scale, we study local areas in the bulk of the tensor network in terms of the differential entanglement generated along the cMERA flow. This result spurs us to establish an explicit relation between the cMERA variational parameter and the radial component of a dual AdS geometry through the Ryu-Takayanagi formula. Finally, based on recent formulations of non-Gaussian cMERA circuits, we argue that the entanglement entropy for the half space can be written as an integral along the renormalization scale whose measure is given by the Fisher information metric of the cMERA circuit. Consequently, a straightforward relation between AdS geometry and the Fisher information metric is also established.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure. Some references added in which v2 is the final version published in Fortschritte der Physik. Progress of Physics
The power behind the press : English newspapers in the Transvaal, 1870-1899
Creators: name: Robinson, Cynthia A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The thesis explores the question of whether the Johannesburg English newspapers, and particularly The Johannesburg Star, were manipulated or were independent during the volatile years leading up to the outbreak, of the Second Boer War. Historians and contemporaries alike have argued that the editorial policy of the Star was dictated by either the mining magnates of the Rand or the imperial officials. This study approaches the question by first surveying the history of English newspapers in the Transvaal. It follows the history of the press from the early diamond boom days in Kimberley in the 1870s, through the Barberton gold rush, and on to the founding and growth of the Johannesburg papers. It is established that the precedent is for editors to run their newspapers with a high degree of independence. A close look at the development of the Star, including its financial structure, indicates that the group that the Star was connected with was the local reform movement. It is shown that the editor installed just prior to the war, W. F. Monypenny, was manipulated by imperial officials and Randlords acting in concert. However, Monypenny's editorship is an exception. The thesis concludes that, for the most part, editors on the Transvaal were independent in their editorial policymaking. The sources used in this study include more recent studies done by Alan Jeeves, A. P. Cartwright, R. V. Kubicek, Ronald Robinson and John Gallagher, and Andrew Porter among others. It also makes much use of Eric Rosenthal's history of the Argus Company. For primary sources, The Johannesburg Star is heavily consulted as are the accounts of the journalists themselves, especially Francis Dormer and Frederic Hamilton.