cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Inhibition of astroglial hemichannels prevents synaptic transmission decline during spreading depression
Creators: name: Tichauer, Juan E.
name: Lira, Matías
name: Cerpa, Waldo
name: Orellana, Juan A.
name: Sáez, Juan C.
name: Rovegno, Maximiliano
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1. Figure S1. Nonspecific connexin-43 and pannexin-1 hemichannel blockers prevent the spreading depression evoked by high [K+] in the brain cortex.
Neutral Vlasov kinetic theory of magnetized plasmas
Creators: name: Tronci, Cesare
name: Camporeale, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low-frequency limit of Maxwell equations is considered in the Maxwell-Vlasov system. This limit produces a neutral Vlasov system that captures essential features of plasma dynamics, while neglecting radiation effects. Euler-Poincaré reduction theory is used to show that the neutral Vlasov kinetic theory possesses a variational formulation in both Lagrangian and Eulerian coordinates. By construction, the model recovers all collisionless neutral models employed in plasma simulations. Then, comparisons between the neutral Vlasov system and hybrid kinetic-fluid models are presented in the linear regime.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Linear processes in high-dimension: phase space and critical properties
Creators: name: Mastromatteo, Iacopo
name: Bacry, Emmanuel
name: Muzy, Jean-François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we investigate the generic properties of a stochastic linear model in the regime of high-dimensionality. We consider in particular the Vector AutoRegressive model (VAR) and the multivariate Hawkes process. We analyze both deterministic and random versions of these models, showing the existence of a stable and an unstable phase. We find that along the transition region separating the two regimes, the correlations of the process decay slowly, and we characterize the conditions under which these slow correlations are expected to become power-laws. We check our findings with numerical simulations showing remarkable agreement with our predictions. We finally argue that real systems with a strong degree of self-interaction are naturally characterized by this type of slow relaxation of the correlations.
description: 40 pages, 5 figures
Gap solitons attached to a gapless layer
Creators: name: Mayteevarunyoo, Thawatchai
name: Malomed, Boris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider linear and nonlinear modes pinned to a grating-free (gapless) layer placed between two symmetric or asymmetric semi-infinite Bragg gratings (BGs), with a possible phase shift between them, in a medium with the uniform Kerr nonlinearity. The asymmetry is defined by a difference between bandgap widths in the two BGs. In the linear system, exact defect modes (DMs) are found. Composite gap solitons pinned to the central layer are found too, in analytical and numerical forms, in the nonlinear model. In the asymmetric system, existence boundaries for the DMs and gap solitons, due to the competition between attraction to the gapless layer and repulsion from the reflectivity step, are obtained analytically. Stability boundaries for solitons in the asymmetric system are identified by means of direct simulations. Collisions of moving BG solitons with the gapless layer are studied too.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, in press
Half-life and spin of 60Mng
Creators: name: Brown, B.A.
name: Mantica, P.F.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Morton, A.C.
name: Liddick, S.N.
name: Schatz, H.
name: Pavan, J.
name: Horoi, M.
name: Tomlin, B.E.
name: Davies, A.D.
name: Tabor, S.L.
name: Wiedeking, M.
name: Mueller, W.F.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Stolz, A.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2006

description: A value of 0.28±0.02 s has been deduced for the half-life of the ground state of Mn60, in sharp contrast to the previously adopted value of 51±6 s. Access to the low-spin Mn60 ground state was accomplished via β decay of the 0+ Cr60 parent nuclide. New low-energy states in Mn60 have been identified from β-delayed γ-ray spectroscopy. The new, shorter half-life of 60Mng is not suggestive of isospin-forbidden β decay, and new spin and parity assignments of 1+ and 4+ have been adopted for the ground and isomeric β-decaying states, respectively, of Mn60.
Assessing Homoscedasticity Graphically
Creators: name: A. H. Elamir, Elsayed
Publisher: name: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Year: 2023

description: The problem of homoscedasticity arises in several fields such as business, education, environments, and medicine, and common question in many statistical analyses. One of the most important tests in this direction is Levene test and its robust version Brown-Forsythe test. The goal of this paper is threefold. The first goal is to propose an expression that enable to develop a graphical way for Levene-Brown-Forsythe tests. The second goal is to derive the sampling distribution of the proposed expression as the generalized beta prime distribution. The third goal is to provide deep insight and understanding where the dispersion effects occur. Simulation study is carried out to study the level of significance and power of the proposed test in comparison with the original Levene-Brown-Forsythe tests. The results are of great values since the proposed method provides (a) powerful visual tool and deep insight for testing homoscedasticity, (b) keeps the size and power of the test similar to Levene-Brown-Forsythe tests, and (c) does not need to pairwise comparisons. Two applications are presented to show the utilities of the proposed method.
description: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal, Vol. 21 No. 3 (2023): REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Additional file 3 of The venom and telopodal defence systems of the centipede Lithobius forficatus are functionally convergent serial homologues
Creators: name: Schendel, Vanessa
name: Müller, Carsten H. G.
name: Kenning, Matthes
name: Maxwell, Michael
name: Jenner, Ronald A.
name: Undheim, Eivind A. B.
name: Sombke, Andy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 3: Pdf containing detailed ultrastructural results and Fig. S1–15. Fig. S1. Ultrastructure of telopodal gland units located on the ultimate leg of L. forficatus. Fig. S2. Ultrastructure of venom gland units located in the forcipules of L. forficatus. Fig. S3. Basal aspects of telopodite gland units on the ultimate leg and venom gland units located in forcipules of L. forficatus. Fig. S4. Principal component analysis of all transcripts from anterior legs, posterior legs, and venom glands across three adult L forficatus. Fig. S5. Phylogenetic reconstructions of COEsteraseB sequences found in centipedes. Fig. S6. Phylogenetic reconstructions of Unchar06 sequences found in centipedes. Fig. S7. Phylogenetic reconstruction of centiPAD sequences found on centipedes. Fig. S8. Phylogenetic reconstructions of SLPTX30 sequences found in centipedes. Fig. S9. Phylogenetic reconstructions of SLPTX07 sequences found in centipedes. Fig. S10. Phylogenetic reconstructions of Unchar17 sequences found in centipedes. Fig. S11. Phylogenetic reconstructions of C-type lectins sequences found in centipedes. Fig. S12. Phylogenetic reconstructions of Calycin sequences found in centipedes. Fig. S13. Phylogenetic reconstructions of SLPTX14 sequences found in centipedes. Fig. S14. Phylogenetic reconstructions of SLPTX16 sequences found in centipedes. Fig. S15. Phylogenetic reconstructions of SLPTX17 sequences found in centipedes. Fig. S16. Phylogenetic reconstructions of Transferrin sequences found in centipedes. Fig. S17. Phylogenetic reconstructions of PCPDPLP sequences found in centipedes. Fig. S18. Phylogenetic reconstructions of SLPTX15 sequences found in centipedes.
Effects of Ranking Error Models on Mean Estimators Based on Ranked Set Sampling
Creators: name: Akdeniz, Sami
name: Ozkal Yildiz, Tugba
Publisher: name: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Year: 2023

description: Ranked Set Sampling (RSS) is a sampling method commonly used in recent years. This sampling method is especially useful for studies in medicine, agriculture, forestry and ecology. In this study, the widely used ranking error models in RSS literature are investigated. This study is aimed to explore the effects of ranking error models on the mean estimators based on RSS and some of its modified methods such as Extreme RSS (ERSS) and Percentile RSS (PRSS) for different distribution, set and cycle size in infinite population. Monte Carlo simulation study is conducted for this purpose. Additionally, the study is supported by real life data. It is observed that, RSS and some of its modified methods shows better results than Simple Random Sampling (SRS).
description: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal, Vol. 21 No. 3 (2023): REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
High-K isomers and rotational structures in W174
Creators: name: Ahmad, I.
name: Chowdhury, P.
name: Tandel, S.K.
name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Fischer, S.M.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Khoo, T.L.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Shimizu, Y.R.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Lister, C.J.
name: Seabury, E.H.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2006

description: High-spin states in W174 (Z = 74) have been populated using the reaction Te128(Ti50, 4n)W174 at beam energies of 215 and 225 MeV. The Gammasphere array was used to detect the γ rays emitted by the evaporation residues. Four previously known collective band structures have been extended, and 16 new rotational sequences observed. Two are built upon isomeric states, one corresponding to a two-quasiparticle K = 8 isomer, the other to a four-quasiparticle K = 12 isomer, with the latter exhibiting strong K-violating ΔK=12 decays to the ground state band. Nucleonic configurations for the two- and four-quasiparticle excitations are proposed, and Woods-Saxon cranking calculations are presented to understand the rotational structures. Decay mechanisms of multi-quasiparticle K isomers are discussed in terms of the prevalent phenomenological models, with special emphasis on γ-tunneling calculations. Surprisingly, the latter underpredict the decay hindrance for the K = 12 isomer by three orders of magnitude, unlike all other isomer decays in this mass region.
A graph-based knowledge representation and pattern mining supporting the Digital Twin creation of existing manufacturing systems
Creators: name: Braun, Dominik
name: Müller, Timo
name: Sahlab, Nada
name: Jazdi, Nasser
name: Schloegl, Wolfgang
name: Weyrich, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The creation of a Digital Twin for existing manufacturing systems, so-called brownfield systems, is a challenging task due to the needed expert knowledge about the structure of brownfield systems and the effort to realize the digital models. Several approaches and methods have already been proposed that at least partially digitalize the information about a brownfield manufacturing system. A Digital Twin requires linked information from multiple sources. This paper presents a graph-based approach to merge information from heterogeneous sources. Furthermore, the approach provides a way to automatically identify templates using graph structure analysis to facilitate further work with the resulting Digital Twin and its further enhancement.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Accepted at IEEE ETFA 2022
Isospin symmetry of odd-odd mirror nuclei: Identification of excited states in N=Z-2 Mn48
Creators: name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Ekman, J.
name: Chandler, C.
name: Du Rietz, R.
name: Hammond, G.
name: Bentley, M.A.
name: Taylor, M.J.
name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Freeman, S.J.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Lenzi, S.M.
name: Lister, C.J.
name: Garrett, P.E.
name: Brown, J.R.
name: Davids, C.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2006

description: Excited states have been observed in the N=Z-2 odd-odd nucleus Mn48 for the first time. Through comparison with the structure of V48, a first high-spin study of an odd-odd mirror pair has been achieved. Differences between the T=1 analogue states in this pair have been interpreted in terms of Coulomb effects, with the aid of shell-model calculations in the full pf valence space. Unlike other mirror pairs, the energy differences have been interpreted almost entirely as due to a monopole effect associated with smooth changes in radius (or deformation) as a function of angular momentum. In addition, the large energy shift between analogue negative-parity states is interpreted in terms of the electromagnetic spin-orbit interaction in nuclei.
K isomers in No254: Probing single-particle energies and pairing strengths in the heaviest nuclei
Creators: name: Tandel, S.K.
name: Wang, X.
name: Ahmad, I.
name: Chowdhury, P.
name: Ikin, P.
name: Back, B.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Blinstrup, R.
name: Lister, C.J.
name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Hecht, A.A.
name: Reiter, P.
name: Mukherjee, G.
name: Davids, C.N.
name: Heinz, A.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Kondev, F.G.
name: Tandel, U.S.
name: Peterson, D.
name: Khoo, T.L.
name: Chapman, J.
name: Moore, E.F.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2006

description: We have identified two isomers in No254, built on two- and four-quasiparticle excitations, with quantum numbers Kπ=8- and (14+), as well as a low-energy 2-quasiparticle Kπ=3+ state. The occurrence of isomers establishes that K is a good quantum number and therefore that the nucleus has an axial prolate shape. The 2-quasiparticle states probe the energies of the proton levels that govern the stability of superheavy nuclei, test 2-quasiparticle energies from theory, and thereby check their predictions of magic gaps.
Reaction-in-Flight Neutrons as a Test of Stopping Power in Degenerate Plasmas
Creators: name: Hayes, A. C.
name: Jungman, Gerard
name: Schulz, A. E.
name: Boswell, M.
name: Fowler, M. M.
name: Grim, G.
name: Klein, A.
name: Rundberg, R. S.
name: Wilhelmy, J. B.
name: Wilson, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first measurements of reaction-in-flight (RIF) neutrons in an inertial confinement fusion system. The experiments were carried out at the National Ignition Facility, using both Low Foot and High Foot drives and cryogenic plastic capsules. In both cases, the high-energy RIF ($E_n>$ 15 MeV) component of the neutron spectrum was found to be about $10^{-4}$ of the total. The majority of the RIF neutrons were produced in the dense cold fuel surrounding the burning hotspot of the capsule and the data are consistent with a compressed cold fuel that is moderately to strongly coupled $(Γ\sim$0.6) and electron degenerate $(θ_\mathrm{Fermi}/θ_e\sim$4). The production of RIF neutrons is controlled by the stopping power in the plasma. Thus, the current RIF measurements provide a unique test of stopping power models in an experimentally unexplored plasma regime. We find that the measured RIF data strongly constrain stopping models in warm dense plasma conditions and some models are ruled out by our analysis of these experiments.
Fair admission risk prediction with proportional multicalibration
Creators: name: La Cava, William
name: Lett, Elle
name: Wan, Guangya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fair calibration is a widely desirable fairness criteria in risk prediction contexts. One way to measure and achieve fair calibration is with multicalibration. Multicalibration constrains calibration error among flexibly-defined subpopulations while maintaining overall calibration. However, multicalibrated models can exhibit a higher percent calibration error among groups with lower base rates than groups with higher base rates. As a result, it is possible for a decision-maker to learn to trust or distrust model predictions for specific groups. To alleviate this, we propose \emph{proportional multicalibration}, a criteria that constrains the percent calibration error among groups and within prediction bins. We prove that satisfying proportional multicalibration bounds a model's multicalibration as well its \emph{differential calibration}, a fairness criteria that directly measures how closely a model approximates sufficiency. Therefore, proportionally calibrated models limit the ability of decision makers to distinguish between model performance on different patient groups, which may make the models more trustworthy in practice. We provide an efficient algorithm for post-processing risk prediction models for proportional multicalibration and evaluate it empirically. We conduct simulation studies and investigate a real-world application of PMC-postprocessing to prediction of emergency department patient admissions. We observe that proportional multicalibration is a promising criteria for controlling simultaneous measures of calibration fairness of a model over intersectional groups with virtually no cost in terms of classification performance.
description: Published in the 2023 Conference on Health, Inference, and Learning (CHIL). Best paper award
On the uniqueness of solutions to continuity equations
Creators: name: Bogachev, V. I.
name: Da Prato, G.
name: Röckner, M.
name: Shaposhnikov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We obtain sufficient conditions for the uniqueness of solutions to the Cauchy problem for the continuity equation in classes of measures that need not be absolutely continuous.
Additional file 1 of Relationship between sex, APOE genotype, endocannabinoids and cognitive change in older adults with metabolic syndrome during a 3-year Mediterranean diet intervention
Creators: name: Soldevila-Domenech, Natalia
name: Fagundo, Beatriz
name: Cuenca-Royo, Aida
name: Forcano, Laura
name: Gomis-González, Maria
name: Boronat, Anna
name: Pastor, Antoni
name: Castañer, Olga
name: Zomeño, Maria Dolores
name: Goday, Albert
name: Dierssen, Mara
name: Baghizadeh Hosseini, Khashayar
name: Ros, Emilio
name: Corella, Dolores
name: Martínez-González, Miguel Ángel
name: Salas-Salvadó, Jordi
name: Fernández-Aranda, Fernando
name: Fitó, Montserrat
name: de la Torre, Rafael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
The lexicographically least square-free word with a given prefix
Creators: name: Berera, Siddharth
name: Gómez-Colunga, Andrés
name: Lakerdas-Gayle, Joey
name: López, John
name: Matin, Mauditra
name: Roebuck, Daniel
name: Rowland, Eric
name: Scully, Noam
name: Whidden, Juliet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The lexicographically least square-free infinite word on the alphabet of non-negative integers with a given prefix $p$ is denoted $L(p)$. When $p$ is the empty word, this word was shown by Guay-Paquet and Shallit to be the ruler sequence. For other prefixes, the structure is significantly more complicated. In this paper, we show that $L(p)$ reflects the structure of the ruler sequence for several words $p$. We provide morphisms that generate $L(n)$ for letters $n=1$ and $n\geq3$, and $L(p)$ for most families of two-letter words $p$.
Level structure of the neutron-rich Cr56,58,60 isotopes: Single-particle and collective aspects
Creators: name: Honma, M.
name: Królas, W.
name: Mantica, P.F.
name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Freeman, S.J.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Varley, B.J.
name: Tabor, S.L.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Chowdhury, P.
name: Xu, F.R.
name: Smith, J.F.
name: Kondev, F.G.
name: Broda, R.
name: Pawłat, T.
name: Liddick, S.N.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Calderin, I.R.
name: Fornal, B.
name: Wrzesiński, J.
name: Tomlin, B.E.
name: Lister, C.J.
name: Deacon, A.N.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2006

description: The structure of the Cr56,58,60 nuclei was investigated at Gammasphere using both deep inelastic and fusion-evaporation reactions. As a result of this work, expanded level schemes are now available for these three neutron-rich, even-even isotopes. Experimental signatures were found for both single-particle and collective excitations whose relative importance varies with neutron number. Together with recent structural information on the odd-A Cr55,57,59 neighbors, the present data highlight the changing role of the g9/2 orbital with neutron number. Comparisons with shell-model calculations using the recently developed GXPF1A interaction and with total Routhian surface calculations are presented.
A likely Micro-quasar in the Shadow of M82 X-1
Creators: name: Xu, Xiao-jie
name: Liu, Jifeng
name: Liu, Jiren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ultra-luminous X-ray source (ULX) M82 X-1 is one of the most promising intermediate mass black hole candidates in the local universe based on its high X-ray luminosities ($10^{40}-10^{41} {\rm erg s^{-1}}$) and quasi-periodic oscillations, and is possibly associated with a radio flare source. In this work, applying the sub-pixel technique to the 120 ks Chandra observation (ID: 10543) of M82 X-1, we split M82 X-1 into two sources separated by 1.1$\arcsec$. The secondary source is not detected in other M82 observations. The radio flare source is found to associate not with M82 X-1, but with the nearby transient source S1 with an outburst luminosity of $\sim 10^{39} {\rm erg s^{-1}}$. With X-ray outburst and radio flare activities analogous to the recently discovered micro-quasar in M31, S1 is likely to be a micro-quasar hidden in the shadow of M82 X-1.
description: 5 pages,2 figures and 2 tables, accepted for publication in ApJL
img.rar
Creators: name: Shuo, Cai
name: Hangtao, Hu
name: Wei, Wang
name: Ji, Li
name: Xin, Wang
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80106 Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This dataset records the geographic information data of the Chenzhou
area, which is divided into color remote sensing images and ground truth image
processed by Matlab. Currently, six pairs of images have been published.
Multiple band structures in Ta169
Creators: name: Kondev, F.G.
name: Chowdhury, P.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Sletten, G.
name: Hartley, D.J.
name: Djongolov, M.K.
name: Tandel, S.K.
name: Aguilar, A.
name: Vanhoy, J.R.
name: Danchev, M.
name: Teal, C.
name: Mohr, W.H.
name: Ødegärd, S.W.
name: Riedinger, L.L.
name: Ma, W.C.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Moore, E.F.
name: Hagemann, G.B.
name: Hecht, A.A.
name: Riley, M.A.
name: Zhu, S.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2006

description: Rotational structures in the Ta169 nucleus were studied via the Sn124(V51, 6n) reaction. These data were obtained as a side channel of an experiment focusing on Ta171, but the sensitivity provided by the Gammasphere spectrometer proved sufficient for a significant extension of the level scheme of this rare-earth nucleus. Over 170 new transitions and four new band structures were placed in Ta169, including the intruder πi13/2 structure. Linking transitions between all of the sequences were identified, and the relative excitation energies between the different configurations were determined for the first time. The rotational sequences were interpreted within the framework of the cranked shell model.
Image Projective Transformation Rectification with Synthetic Data for Smartphone-captured Chest X-ray Photos Classification
Creators: name: Chong, Chak Fong
name: Wang, Yapeng
name: Ng, Benjamin
name: Luo, Wuman
name: Yang, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Classification on smartphone-captured chest X-ray (CXR) photos to detect pathologies is challenging due to the projective transformation caused by the non-ideal camera position. Recently, various rectification methods have been proposed for different photo rectification tasks such as document photos, license plate photos, etc. Unfortunately, we found that none of them is suitable for CXR photos, due to their specific transformation type, image appearance, annotation type, etc. In this paper, we propose an innovative deep learning-based Projective Transformation Rectification Network (PTRN) to automatically rectify CXR photos by predicting the projective transformation matrix. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first work to predict the projective transformation matrix as the learning goal for photo rectification. Additionally, to avoid the expensive collection of natural data, synthetic CXR photos are generated under the consideration of natural perturbations, extra screens, etc. We evaluate the proposed approach in the CheXphoto smartphone-captured CXR photos classification competition hosted by the Stanford University Machine Learning Group, our approach won first place with a huge performance improvement (ours 0.850, second-best 0.762, in AUC). A deeper study demonstrates that the use of PTRN successfully achieves the classification performance on the spatially transformed CXR photos to the same level as on the high-quality digital CXR images, indicating PTRN can eliminate all negative impacts of projective transformation on the CXR photos.
Computational Approach to Confidence Intervals and Testing for Generalized Pareto Index Using the Greenwood Statistic
Creators: name: Arendarczyk, Marek
name: J. Kozubowski, Tomasz
name: K. Panorska, Anna
Publisher: name: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Year: 2023

description: The generalized Pareto distributions (GPDs) play an important role in the statistics of extremes. We point various problems with the likelihood-based inference for the index parameter α of the GPDs, and develop alternative testing strategies, which do not require parameter estimation. Our test statistic is the Greenwood statistic, which probability distribution is stochastically increasing with respect to α within the GPDs. We compare the performance of our test to a test with maximum-to-sum ratio test statistic Rn. New results on the properties of the Rn are also presented, as well as recommendations for calculating the p-values and illustrative data examples.
description: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal, Vol. 21 No. 3 (2023): REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Multiple octupole-type band structures in Th220: Reflection-asymmetric tidal waves?
Creators: name: Zhu, S.
name: Khoo, T.L.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Montero, M.
name: Chiara, C.J.
name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Sarantites, D.G.
name: Pechenaya, O.L.
name: Reviol, W.
name: Lister, C.J.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Frauendorf, S.G.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2006

description: The Th220 level scheme has been considerably extended from an experiment using the Mg26+Pt198 reaction at 128 MeV. The evaporation residues from this very fissile system were selected with the HERCULES detector system and residue-gated γ rays were measured with Gammasphere. The simplex feature (alternating-parity levels) persists up to the highest spins observed (23), but the nucleus exhibits a more vibrational-like behavior than the heavier Th isotopes. In addition, a doubling of the negative-parity, odd-spin states is seen as well as a staggering of the B(E1)/B(E2) ratios. A new interpretation based on a picture of tidal waves on a reflection-asymmetric nuclear surface is proposed.
Abundance of hard-hexagon crystals in the quantum pyrochlore antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Schäfer, Robin
name: Placke, Benedikt
name: Benton, Owen
name: Moessner, Roderich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple family of valence-bond crystals as potential ground states of the $S=1/2$ and $S=1$ Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the pyrochlore lattice. Exponentially numerous in the linear size of the system, these can be visualized as hard-hexagon coverings, with each hexagon representing a resonating valence-bond ring. This ensemble spontaneously breaks rotation, inversion and translation symmetries. A simple, yet accurate, variational wavefunction allows a precise determination of the energy, confirmed by DMRG and numerical linked cluster expansion, and extended by an analysis of excited states. The identification of the origin of the stability indicates applicability to a broad class of frustrated lattices, which we demonstrate for the checkerboard and ruby lattices. Our work suggests a perspective on such quantum magnets, in which unfrustrated motifs are effectively uncoupled by the frustration of their interactions.
description: 6 pages, 4 papers, 13 pages supplementary material
Models of Pulsar Glitches
Creators: name: Haskell, Brynmor
name: Melatos, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio pulsars provide us with some of the most stable clocks in the universe. Nevertheless several pulsars exhibit sudden spin-up events, known as glitches. More than forty years after their first discovery, the exact origin of these phenomena is still open to debate. It is generally thought that they an observational manifestation of a superfluid component in the stellar interior and provide an insight into the dynamics of matter at extreme densities. In recent years there have been several advances on both the theoretical and observational side, that have provided significant steps forward in our understanding of neutron star interior dynamics and possible glitch mechanisms. In this article we review the main glitch models that have been proposed and discuss our understanding, in the light of current observations.
description: Preprint of an article published in IJMPD 24, issue 3, 2015, 530008, DOI: 10.1142/S0218271815300086. Copyright World Scientific Publishing Company, http://www.worldscinet.com/ijmpd
Aspects of anomalous glue
Creators: name: Bass, Steven D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-perturbative glue associated with gluon topology plays a vital role in determining the mass of the etaprime meson. We give an introduction to axial U(1) physics and explain how this non-perturbative glue also contributes to etaprime interactions with other hadrons. We concentrate on resonant etaprime pi production in partial waves with exotic quantum numbers not compatible with a quark-antiquark state and on the etaprime in nuclear media where there are new results from the COMPASS and CBELSA/TAPS experiments respectively.
description: 18 pages, invited talk at the 54th Cracow School of Theoretical Physics "QCD Meets Experiment", Zakopane, Poland, June 12-20 2014
Nonequilibrium kinetics effects in Richtmyer-Meshkov instability and reshock processes
Creators: name: Shan, Yiming
name: Xu, Aiguo
name: Wang, Lifeng
name: Zhang, Yudong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonequilibrium kinetic effects are widespread in fluid systems and might have a significant impact on the inertial confinement fusion ignition process, and the entropy production rate is a key factor in accessing the compression process. In this work, we study the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability (RMI) and the reshock process by a two-fluid discrete Boltzmann method (DBM). Firstly, the DBM result for the perturbation amplitude evolution is in good agreement with that of experiment. Greatly different from the case of normal shocking on unperturbed plane interface between two uniform media, in the RMI case, the Thermodynamic Non-Equilibrium (TNE) quantities show complex but inspiring kinetic effects in the shocking process and behind the shock front. The kinetic effects are detected by two sets of TNE quantities. The first set are $\left |Δ_{2}^{ {\rm{*}}}\right |$,$\left |Δ_{3,1}^{ {\rm{*}}}\right |$, $\left | Δ_{3}^{ {\rm{*}}}\right |$, and $\left |Δ_{4,2}^{ {\rm{*}}}\right |$. All the four TNE measures abruptly increase in the shocking process. $\left |Δ_{3,1}^{ {\rm{*}}}\right |$ and $\left |Δ_{3}^{ {\rm{*}}}\right |$ show similar behaviors. They continue to increase in a much lower rate behind the shock front. $\left |Δ_{2}^{ {\rm{*}}}\right |$ and $\left |Δ_{4,2}^{ {\rm{*}}}\right |$ have different dimensions, but show similar behaviors. They quickly decrease to be very small behind the shock front. The second set of TNE quantities are ${\dot{S} _{NOMF}}$, ${\dot{S} _{NOEF}}$ and ${\dot{S} _{sum}}$. It is found that the mixing zone is the primary contribution region to the ${\dot{S} _{NOEF}}$, while the flow field region excluding mixing zone is the primary contribution region to the ${\dot{S} _{NOMF}}$. The light fluid has a higher entropy production rate than the heavy fluid.
description: Accepted by Commun. Theor. Phys
RF-Powered Cognitive Radio Networks: Technical Challenges and Limitations
Creators: name: Mohjazi, Lina
name: Dianati, Mehrdad
name: Karagiannidis, George K.
name: Muhaidat, Sami
name: Al-Qutayri, Mahmoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The increasing demand for spectral and energy efficient communication networks has spurred a great interest in energy harvesting (EH) cognitive radio networks (CRNs). Such a revolutionary technology represents a paradigm shift in the development of wireless networks, as it can simultaneously enable the efficient use of the available spectrum and the exploitation of radio frequency (RF) energy in order to reduce the reliance on traditional energy sources. This is mainly triggered by the recent advancements in microelectronics that puts forward RF energy harvesting as a plausible technique in the near future. On the other hand, it is suggested that the operation of a network relying on harvested energy needs to be redesigned to allow the network to reliably function in the long term. To this end, the aim of this survey paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent development and the challenges regarding the operation of CRNs powered by RF energy. In addition, the potential open issues that might be considered for the future research are also discussed in this paper.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, Accepted in IEEE Communications Magazine
Ultrafast Probes of Nonequilibrium Hole Spin Relaxation in Ferromagnetic Semiconductor GaMnAs
Creators: name: Patz, Aaron
name: Li, Tianqi
name: Liu, Xinyu
name: Furdyna, Jacek K.
name: Perakis, Ilias E.
name: Wang, Jigang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We directly measure the hole spin lifetime in ferromagnetic GaMnAs via time- and polarization-resolved spectroscopy. Below the Curie temperature Tc, an ultrafast photoexcitation with linearly-polarized light is shown to create a non-equilibrium hole spin population via the dynamical polarization of holes through p-d exchange scattering with ferromagnetically-ordered Mn spins, and we characterize their relaxation dynamics. The observed relaxation consists of a distinct three-step recovery : (i) femtosecond (fs) hole spin relaxation ~ $160-200 fs, (ii) picosecond (ps) hole energy relaxation ~ 1-2 ps, and (iii) a coherent, damped Mn spin precession with a period of ~ 250 ps. The transient amplitude of the hole spin component diminishes with increasing temperature, directly following the ferromagnetic order, while the hole energy amplitude shows negligible temperature change, consistent with our interpretation. Our results thus establish the hole spin lifetimes in ferromagnetic semiconductors and demonstrate a novel spectroscopy method for studying non-equilibrium hole spins in the presence of correlation and magnetic order.
Improving Distances to Binary Millisecond Pulsars with Gaia
Creators: name: Moran, Abigail
name: Mingarelli, Chiara M. F.
name: Bedell, Megan
name: Good, Deborah
name: Spergel, David N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsar distances are notoriously difficult to measure, and play an important role in many fundamental physics experiments, such as pulsar timing arrays (PTAs). Here we perform a cross-match between International PTA pulsars (IPTA) and Gaia's DR2 and DR3. We then combine the IPTA pulsar's parallax with its binary companion's parallax, found in Gaia, to improve the distance measurement to the binary. We find 7 cross-matched IPTA pulsars in Gaia DR2, and when using Gaia DR3, we find 6 IPTA pulsar cross-matches, but with 7 Gaia objects. Moving from Gaia DR2 to Gaia DR3, we find that the Gaia parallaxes for the successfully cross-matched pulsars improved by $53\%$, and pulsar distances improved by $29\%$. Finally, we find that binary companions with a $<3.0σ$ detection are unreliable associations, setting a high bar for successful cross-matches.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables
Extending the debate between Spearman and Wilson 1929: When do single variables optimally reproduce the common part of the observed covariances?
Creators: name: Beauducel, Andre
name: Hilger, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62H25

description: Because the covariances of observed variables reproduced from conventional factor score predictors are generally not the same as the covariances reproduced from the common factors, it is proposed to find a factor score predictor that optimally reproduces the common part of the observed covariances. It is shown that, under some conditions, the single observed variable with highest loading on a factor perfectly reproduces the non-diagonal observed covariances. This refers to Spearman's and Wilson's 1929 debate on the use of single variables as factor score predictors. The implications of this finding were investigated in a population based and in a sample based simulation study confirming that taking a single variable outperforms conventional factor score predictors in reproducing the observed covariances when the salient loading size and the number of salient loadings per factor are small. Implications of this finding for factor score predictors are discussed.
Physics of a rare isotope accelerator
Creators: name: Sherrill, B.M.
name: Geesaman, D.F.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Gelbke, C.K.
Publisher: name: Annual Reviews Inc.
Year: 2006

description: Major progress in nuclear research and in observations of the cosmos has made it clear that critical issues in understanding the nucleus and astrophysical processes require abundant new sources of exotic nuclei, away from the realm of the stable ones. Recent advances in accelerator and isotope-production technology make access to these rare isotopes possible. This review examines the impact of the new reach in physics provided by a rare isotope accelerator in nuclear structure, astrophysics, and searches for physics beyond the standard model. We also touch briefly on some of the benefits of these isotopes for other important societal needs.
Camelback-shaped band reconciles heavy electron behavior with weak electronic Coulomb correlations in superconducting TlNi2Se2
Creators: name: Xu, N.
name: Matt, C. E.
name: Richard, P.
name: van Roekeghem, A.
name: Biermann, S.
name: Shi, X.
name: Wu, S. -F.
name: Liu, H. W.
name: Chen, D.
name: Qian, T.
name: Plumb, N. C.
name: Radovic, M.
name: Wang, Hangdong
name: Mao, Qianhui
name: Du, Jianhua
name: Fang, Minghu
name: Mesot, J.
name: Ding, H.
name: Shi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy and first-principles calculations, we characterize superconducting TlNi$_2$Se$_2$ as a material with weak electronic Coulomb correlations leading to a bandwidth renormalization of 1.4. We identify a camelback-shaped band, whose energetic position strongly depends on the selenium height. While this feature is universal in transition metal pnictides, in TlNi$_2$Se$_2$ it lies in the immediate vicinity of the Fermi level, giving rise to a pronounced van Hove singularity. The resulting heavy band mass resolves the apparent puzzle of a large normal-state specific heat coefficient (Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 207001) in this weakly correlated compound.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Impact of Electron-Hole Correlations on the 1T-TiSe2 Electronic Structure
Creators: name: Monney, G.
name: Monney, C.
name: Hildebrand, B.
name: Aebi, P.
name: Beck, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several experiments have been performed on 1T-TiSe2 in order to identify whether the electronic structure is semimetallic or semiconducting without reaching a consensus. In this paper, we theoretically study the impact of electron-hole and electron-phonon correlations on the bare semimetallic and semiconducting electronic structure. The resulting electron spectral functions provide a direct comparison of both cases and demonstrate that 1T-TiSe2 is of predominant semiconducting character with some spectral weight crossing the Fermi level.
Distinct moiré textures of in-plane electric polarizations for distinguishing moiré origins in homobilayers
Creators: name: Yu, Hongyi
name: Zhou, Ziheng
name: Yao, Wang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In binary compound 2D insulators/semiconductors such as hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), the different electron affinities of atoms can give rise to out-of-plane electric polarizations across inversion asymmetric van der Waals interface of near 0-degree twist angles. Here we show that at a general stacking order where sliding breaks the in-plane C3 rotational symmetry, the interfacial charge redistribution also leads to an in-plane electric polarization, with a comparable magnitude to that of the out-of-plane ones. The effect is demonstrated in hBN bilayers, as well as in biased graphene bilayers with the gate-controlled interlayer charge redistribution. In long wavelength moiré patterns, the in-plane electric polarizations determined by the local interlayer stacking registries constitute topologically nontrivial spatial textures. We show that these textures can distinguish moiré patterns of different origins from twisting, biaxial- and uniaxial-heterostrain, where vector fields of the electric polarizations feature Bloch-type merons, Néel-type merons, and anti-merons, respectively. Combinations of twisting and heterostrain can further be exploited for engineering various electric polarization textures including 1D quasiperiodic lattices.
One-neutron knockout in the vicinity of the N=32 sub-shell closure: Be9(Cr57,Cr56+γ)X
Creators: name: Campbell, C.M.
name: Terry, J.R.
name: Horoi, M.
name: Carpenter, M.P.
name: Tostevin, J.A.
name: Cook, J.M.
name: Janssens, R.V.F.
name: Gade, A.
name: Kay, B.P.
name: Bazin, D.
name: Glasmacher, T.
name: Mantica, P.F.
name: Freeman, S.J.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Dinca, D.-C.
name: Brown, B.A.
name: Mueller, W.F.
name: Deacon, A.N.
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 2006

description: The one-neutron knockout reaction Be9(Cr57,Cr56+γ)X has been measured in inverse kinematics with an intermediate-energy beam. Cross sections to individual states in Cr56 were partially untangled through the detection of the characteristic γ-ray transitions in coincidence with the reaction residues. The experimental inclusive longitudinal momentum distribution and the yields to individual states are compared to calculations that combine spectroscopic factors from the full fp shell model and nucleon-removal cross sections computed in a few-body eikonal approach.
An elementary proof of the decomposition of measures on the circle group
Creators: name: Ohrysko, Przemysław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this short note we give an elementary proof for the case of the circle group of the theorem of O. Hatori and E. Sato which states that every measure on the compact abelian group $G$ can be decomposed into a sum of two measures with natural spectrum and a discrete measure.
Some Stationary INAR(1) Processes with Compound Poisson Distributions
Creators: name: A. A. Aly, Emad-Eldin
name: Bouzar, Nadjib
Publisher: name: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal
Year: 2023

description: Aly and Bouzar ([2]) used the backward approach in presence of the binomial thinning operator to construct underdispersed stationary first-order autoregressive integer valued (INAR (1)) processes. The present paper is to be seen as a continuation of their work. The focus of this paper is on the development of stationary INAR (1) processes with discrete compound Poisson innovations. We expand on some recent results obtained by several authors for these processes. A number of theoretical results are established and then used to develop stationary INAR (1) processes with compound Poisson innovations with finite mean. We apply our results to obtain in detail important distributional properties of the new models when the innovation follows the Polya-Aeppli distribution, the non-central Polya-Aeppli distribution, the negative binomial distribution, the noncentral negative binomial distribution, the Poisson-Lindley distribution, the Euler-type distribution and the Euler distribution.
description: REVSTAT-Statistical Journal, Vol. 21 No. 3 (2023): REVSTAT-Statistical Journal