cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Diffractive longitudinal structure function at the Electron Ion Collider
Creators: name: Armesto, Nestor
name: Newman, Paul R.
name: Slominski, Wojciech
name: Stasto, Anna M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Possibilities for the measurement of the longitudinal structure function in diffraction $F_\mathrm{L}^\mathrm{D}$ at the future US Electron Ion Collider are investigated. The sensitivity to $F_\mathrm{L}^\mathrm{D}$ arises from the variation of the reduced diffractive cross section with centre-of-mass energy. Simulations are performed with various sets of beam energy combinations and for different assumptions on the precision of the diffractive cross section measurements. Scenarios compatible with current EIC performance expectations lead to an unprecedented precision on $F_\mathrm{L}^\mathrm{D}$ at the 5-10 % level in the best measured regions. While scenarios with data at a larger number of centre-of-mass energies allow the extraction of $F_\mathrm{L}^\mathrm{D}$ in the widest kinematic domain and with the smallest uncertainties, even the more conservative assumptions lead to precise measurements. The ratio $R^\mathrm{D}$ of photoabsorption cross sections for longitudinally to transversely polarised photons can also be obtained with high precision using a separate extraction method.
description: LaTeX, 23 pages, 11 figures and 1 table; v2: some comments added, results and conclusions unchanged, final version
Yangian Ward Identities for Fishnet Four-Point Integrals
Creators: name: Corcoran, Luke
name: Loebbert, Florian
name: Miczajka, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive and study Yangian Ward identities for the infinite class of four-point ladder integrals and their Basso-Dixon generalisations. These symmetry equations follow from interpreting the respective Feynman integrals as correlation functions in the bi-scalar fishnet theory. Alternatively, the presented identities can be understood as anomaly equations for a momentum space conformal symmetry. The Ward identities take the form of inhomogeneous extensions of the partial differential equations defining the Appell hypergeometric functions. We employ a manifestly conformal tensor reduction in order to express these inhomogeneities in compact form, which are given by linear combinations of Basso-Dixon integrals with shifted dimensions and propagator powers. The Ward identities naturally generalise to a one-parameter family of D-dimensional integrals representing correlators in the generalised fishnet theory of Kazakov and Olivucci. When specified to two spacetime dimensions, the Yangian Ward identities decouple. Using separation of variables, we explicitly bootstrap the solution for the conformal 2D box integral. The result is a linear combination of Yangian invariant products of Legendre functions, which reduce to elliptic K integrals for an isotropic choice of propagator powers. We comment on differences in the transcendentality patterns in two and four dimensions and their relations to discontinuities.
description: 50 pages, many figures, v2: minor improvements and corrections
Tau Appearance from High-Energy Neutrino Interactions
Creators: name: Soto, Alfonso Garcia
name: Zhelnin, Pavel
name: Safa, Ibrahim
name: Argüelles, Carlos A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-energy muon- and electron-neutrinos yield a non-negligible flux of tau neutrinos as they propagate through Earth. In this letter, we address the impact of this additional component in the PeV and EeV energy regimes for the first time. This contribution is predicted to be significantly larger than the atmospheric background above 300 TeV, and alters current and future neutrino telescopes' capabilities to discover a cosmic tau-neutrino flux. Further we demonstrate that Earthskimming neutrino experiments, designed to observe tau neutrinos, will be sensitive to cosmogenic neutrinos even in extreme scenarios without a primary tau-neutrino component.
description: 7+2 pages. 4+2 figures. 1 table
A rare association of localized scleroderma type morphea, vitiligo, autoimmune hypothyroidism, pneumonitis, autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura and central nervous system vasculitis
Creators: name: Registro Poblacional De Cancer De Cali Universidad Del Valle
name: Carrascal, Edwin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: Pathology

description: A rare association of localized scleroderma type morphea, vitiligo, autoimmune hypothyroidism, pneumonitis, autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura and central nervous system vasculitis.
HEALPix Alchemy: Fast All-Sky Geometry and Image Arithmetic in a Relational Database for Multimessenger Astronomy Brokers
Creators: name: Singer, Leo P.
name: Parazin, B.
name: Coughlin, Michael W.
name: Bloom, Joshua S.
name: Crellin-Quick, Arien
name: Goldstein, Daniel A.
name: van der Walt, Stéfan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient searches for electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational wave, high-energy neutrino, and gamma-ray burst events demand rapid processing of image arithmetic and geometry set operations in a database to cross-match galaxy catalogs, observation footprints, and all-sky images. Here we introduce HEALPix Alchemy, an open-source, pure Python implementation of a set of methods that enables rapid all-sky geometry calculations. HEALPix Alchemy is built upon HEALPix, a spatial indexing strategy that is widely used in astronomical databases as well as the native format of LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA gravitational-wave sky localization maps. Our approach leverages new multirange types built into the PostgreSQL 14 database engine. This enables fast all-sky queries against probabilistic multimessenger event localizations and telescope survey footprints. Questions such as "What are the galaxies contained within the 90% credible region of an event?" and "What is the rank-ordered list of the fields within an observing footprint with the highest probability of containing the event?" can be performed in less than a few seconds on commodity hardware using off-the-shelf cloud-managed database implementations without server-side database extensions. Common queries scale roughly linearly with the number of telescope pointings. As the number of fields grows into the hundreds or thousands, HEALPix Alchemy is orders of magnitude faster than other implementations. HEALPix Alchemy is now used as the spatial geometry engine within SkyPortal, which forms the basis of the Zwicky Transient Facility transient marshal, called Fritz.
description: For source code, see https://github.com/skyportal/healpix-alchemy
Virulence of infecting Helicobacter pylori strains and intensity of mononuclear cell infiltration are associated with levels of DNA hypermethylation in gastric mucosae
Creators: name: Registro Poblacional De Cancer De Cali Universidad Del Valle
name: Bravo, Luis Eduardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: Medicine

description: Virulence of infecting Helicobacter pylori strains and intensity of mononuclear cell infiltration are associated with levels of DNA hypermethylation in gastric mucosae
Web of Seiberg-like dualities for 3d $\mathcal{N}=2$ quivers
Creators: name: Okazaki, Tadashi
name: Smith, Douglas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a universal manipulation to obtain Seiberg-like dualities of 3d $\mathcal{N}=2$ general quiver gauge theories with unitary, symplectic and orthogonal gauge groups coupled to fundamental and bifundamental matter fields. We illustrate this with several examples of linear, circular and star-shaped quiver gauge theories. We examine the local operators in the theories by computing supersymmetric indices and also find precise matching for the proposed dualities as strong evidence. We also generalize the dualities in the presence of a boundary on which the theories obey $\mathcal{N}=(0,2)$ chiral half-BPS boundary conditions.
description: 81 pages, 14 figures; v2: published version in Physical Review D
Generalized Lense--Thirring metrics: higher-curvature corrections and solutions with matter
Creators: name: Gray, Finnian
name: Hennigar, Robie A.
name: Kubiznak, David
name: Mann, Robert B.
name: Srivastava, Manu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lense--Thirring spacetime describes a 4-dimensional slowly rotating approximate solution of vacuum Einstein equations valid to a linear order in rotation parameter. It is fully characterized by a single metric function of the corresponding static (Schwarzschild) solution. In this paper, we introduce a generalization of the Lense--Thirring spacetimes to the higher-dimensional multiply-spinning case, with an ansatz that is not necessarily fully characterized by a single (static) metric function. This generalization lets us study slowly rotating spacetimes in various higher curvature gravities as well as in the presence of non-trivial matter. Moreover, the ansatz can be recast in Painlev{é}--Gullstrand form (and thence is manifestly regular on the horizon) and admits a tower of exact rank-2 and higher rank Killing tensors that rapidly grows with the number of dimensions. In particular, we construct slowly multiply-spinning solutions in Lovelock gravity and notably show that in four dimensions Einstein gravity is the only non-trivial theory amongst all up to quartic curvature gravities that admits a Lense--Thirring solution characterized by a single metric function.
description: v2: Generalized metric ansatz, added refs, improved notation. 17 pages and 2 appendices
Use of the Noninvasive Entero-test in the Detection of Helicobacter pylori in Children in an Endemic Area in Colombia
Creators: name: Registro Poblacional De Cancer De Cali Universidad Del Valle
name: Bravo, Luis Eduardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: Medicine

description: Use of the Noninvasive Entero-test in the Detection of Helicobacter pylori in Children in an Endemic Area in Colombia
In vitro effect of amoxicillin and clarithromycin on the 3¿ region of cagA gene in Helicobacter pylori isolates
Creators: name: Registro Poblacional De Cancer De Cali Universidad Del Valle
name: Bravo, Luis Eduardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: Medicine

description: In vitro effect of amoxicillin and clarithromycin on the 3¿ region of cagA gene in Helicobacter pylori isolates
Defect patterns of two-dimensional nematic liquid crystals in confinement
Creators: name: Yao, Xiaomei
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Chen, Jeff Z. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two-dimensional or quasi-two-dimensional nematic liquid crystal refers to a surface confined system. When such a system is further confined by external line boundaries or excluded from internal line boundaries, the nematic directors form a deformed texture that may display defect points or defect lines, for which winding numbers can be clearly defined. Here, a particular attention is paid to the case when the liquid crystal molecules prefer to form a boundary nematic texture in parallel to the wall surface (i.e., following the homogeneous boundary condition). A general theory, based on geometric argument, is presented for the relationship between the sum of all winding numbers in the system (the total winding number) and the type of confinement angles and curved segments. The conclusion is validated by comparing the theoretical defect rule with existing nematic textures observed experimentally and theoretically in recent years.
EMPRESS. VI. Outflows Investigated in Low-Mass Galaxies with $M_*=10^4-10^7~M_\odot$: Weak Feedback in Low-Mass Galaxies?
Creators: name: Xu, Yi
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Rauch, Michael
name: Nakajima, Kimihiko
name: Harikane, Yuichi
name: Sugahara, Yuma
name: Komiyama, Yutaka
name: Kusakabe, Haruka
name: Fujimoto, Seiji
name: Isobe, Yuki
name: Kim, Ji Hoon
name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: Zahedy, Fakhri S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study emission line profiles of 21 nearby low-mass ($M_*=10^4-10^7~M_\odot$) galaxies in deep medium-high resolution spectra taken with Magellan/MagE. These low-mass galaxies are actively star-forming systems with high specific star-formation rates of $\mathrm{sSFR}\sim100-1000~\mathrm{Gyr}^{-1}$ that are well above the star-formation main sequence and its extrapolation. We identify broad-line components of H$α$ and [OIII]$λ5007$ emission in 14 out of the 21 galaxies that cannot be explained by the MagE instrumental profile or the natural broadening of line emission. We conduct double Gaussian profile fitting to the emission of the 14 galaxies, and find that the broad-line components have line widths significantly larger than those of the narrow-line components, indicative of galactic outflows. The board-line components have moderately large line widths of $\sim 100$ km s$^{-1}$. We estimate the maximum outflow velocities $v_\mathrm{max}$ and obtain values of $\simeq 60-200$ km s$^{-1}$, which are found to be comparable to or slightly larger than the escape velocities. Positive correlations of $v_\mathrm{max}$ with star-formation rates, stellar masses, and circular velocities, extend down into this low-mass regime. Broad- to narrow-line flux ratios BNRs are generally found to be smaller than those of massive galaxies. The small $v_\mathrm{max}$ and BNRs suggest that the mass loading factors $η$ can be as small as 0.1 - 1 or below, in contrast to the large $η$ of energy-driven outflows predicted by numerical simulations.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, Accepted for publication by ApJ
The Universal Specific Merger Rate of Dark Matter Halos
Creators: name: Dong, Fuyu
name: Zhao, Donghai
name: Han, Jiaxin
name: Li, Zhaozhou
name: Jing, Yipeng
name: Yang, Xiaohu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ a set of high resolution N-body simulations to study the merger rate of dark matter halos. We define a specific merger rate by normalizing the average number of mergers per halo with the logarithmic mass growth change of the hosts at the time of accretion. Based on the simulation results, we find that this specific merger rate, $\mathrm{d}N_{\mathrm{merge}}(ξ|M,z)/\mathrm{d}ξ/\mathrm{d}\log M(z)$, has a universal form, which is only a function of the mass ratio of merging halo pairs, $ξ$, and does not depend on the host halo mass, $M$, or redshift, $z$, over a wide range of masses ($10^{12}\lesssim M \lesssim10^{14}\,M_\odot/h$) and merger ratios ($ξ\ge 1e-2$). We further test with simulations of different $Ω_m$ and $σ_8$, and get the same specific merger rate. The universality of the specific merger rate shows that halos in the universe are built up self-similarly, with a universal composition in the mass contributions and an absolute merger rate that grows in proportion to the halo mass growth. As a result, the absolute merger rate relates with redshift and cosmology only through the halo mass variable, whose evolution can be readily obtained from the universal mass accretion history (MAH) model of \cite{2009ApJ...707..354Z}. Lastly, we show that this universal specific merger rate immediately predicts an universal un-evolved subhalo mass function that is independent on the redshift, MAH or the final halo mass, and vice versa.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures; accepted by ApJ
Evidence of a vertical kinematic oscillation beyond the Radcliffe Wave
Creators: name: Thulasidharan, Lekshmi
name: D'Onghia, Elena
name: Poggio, Eloisa
name: Drimmel, Ronald
name: Gallagher, John S.
name: Swiggum, Cameren
name: Benjamin, Robert A.
name: Alves, João
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Radcliffe Wave (RW) is a recently discovered sinusoidal vertical feature of dense gas in the proximity of the Sun. In the disk plane, it is aligned with the Local Arm. However, the origin of its vertical undulation is still unknown. This study constrains the kinematics of the RW, using young stars and open clusters as tracers, and explores the possibility of this oscillation being part of a more extended vertical mode. We study the median vertical velocity trends of the young stars and clusters along with the RW and extend it further to the region beyond it. We discover a kinematic wave in the Galaxy, distinct from the warp, with the amplitude of oscillation depending on the age of the stellar population. We perform a similar analysis in the N-body simulation of a satellite as massive as the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy impacting the galactic disk. When projected in the plane, the spiral density wave induced by the satellite impact is aligned with the RW, suggesting that both may be the response of the disk to an external perturbation. However, the observed kinematic wave is misaligned. It appears as a kinematic wave travelling radially, winding up faster than the density wave matched by the RW, questioning its origin. If a satellite galaxy is responsible for this kinematic wave, we predict the existence of a vertical velocity dipole that should form across the disk and this may be measurable with the upcoming Gaia DR3 and DR4.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics Letters
Systems engineering: identification and fostering of inferential and social skills
Creators: name: Cerovac, Milorad
name: Seemann, Kurt
name: Keane, Therese
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This scoping paper draws on a review of the literature, with the aim of exploring how students' capacity to innovate, can be developed in the Technologies domain of Systems Engineering. Innovation and the need to innovate has generated much rhetoric from business leaders, various State and Federal governments, as well as other agencies such as the Office of the Chief Scientist. The Melbourne Declaration on Educational Goals for Young Australians (Barr et al., 2008) places an emphasis on the role that schools through their educators and the curriculum play in building the capacity of students to think and act as innovators and creators of technologies. There is, however, tension between the traditional methods of teaching, and the need to embrace a more interactive mode that encourages 21st century skills of collaboration, communication, critical thinking and creativity (Keane, Keane, & Blicblau, 2016). Technacy, considered as a literacy is concerned with not simply teaching the purely functional skills, but rather, the ability to put technology into a social and environmental context (Seemann, 2009). While literacy and numeracy are critical aspects of educating students, Technacy is the new fluency that must be incorporated in the school curriculum to help develop Australia's innovative capacity going forward. This paper will explore Technacy in education, and specifically on how the Technacy principles can be applied to the technology genre of design-led Systems Engineering, to assist teachers in developing students' capacity to innovate.
Connecting Scientometrics: Dimensions as a route to broadening context for analyses
Creators: name: Porter, Simon J
name: Hook, Daniel W
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern cloud-based data infrastructures open new vistas for the deployment of scientometric data into the hands of practitioners. These infrastructures lower barriers to entry by making data more available and compute capacity more affordable. In addition, if data are prepared appropriately, with unique identifiers, it is possible to connect many different types of data. Bringing broader world data into the hands of practitioners (policymakers, strategists and others) who use scientometrics as a tool can extend their capabilities. These ideas are explored through connecting Dimensions and World Bank data on Google BigQuery to study international collaboration between countries of different economic classification.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Establecimiento de un protocolo de reproducción para la obtención de especímenes murinos embrionarios/fetales
Creators: name: Registro Poblacional De Cancer De Cali Universidad Del Valle
name: Bravo, Luis Eduardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biological Techniques

description: Establecimiento de un protocolo de reproducción para la obtención de especímenes murinos embrionarios/fetales
The extragalactic $γ$-ray background: imprints from the physical properties and evolution of star-forming galaxy populations
Creators: name: Owen, Ellis R.
name: Kong, Albert K. H.
name: Lee, Khee-Gan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Star-forming galaxies (SFGs) harbour an abundant reservoir of cosmic rays (CRs). At GeV energies, these CRs undergo interactions with their environment to produce $γ$-rays, and the unresolved $γ$-ray emission from populations of SFGs forms a component of the isotropic extragalactic $γ$-ray background (EGB). In this work, we investigate the contribution to the 0.01 - 50 GeV EGB from SFG populations located up to redshift $z=3$. We find this is dominated by starbursts, while the contribution from main sequence SFGs is marginal at all energies. We also demonstrate that most of the $γ$-ray contribution from SFGs emanates from low mass galaxies, with over 80 per cent of the emission originating from galaxies with stellar masses below $10^8 \;\!{\rm M}_{\odot}$. Many of these galaxies are located at relatively high redshift, with their peak EGB contribution arising $\sim$ 700 Myr before the noon of cosmic star-formation. We find that the precise redshift distributions of EGB sources at different energies imprint intensity signatures at different angular scales, which may allow their contribution to be distinguished using analyses of small-scale EGB intensity anisotropies, particularly if the diffuse EGB is dominated by hadronic CR-driven $γ$-ray emission from SFGs. We show that the EGB is sensitive to the evolution of low mass populations of galaxies, particularly around $z\sim2.5$, and that it provides a new means to probe the engagement of CRs in these galaxies before the high noon of cosmic star-formation.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS (v2: updated to match accepted version)
Circularization vs. Eccentrification in Intermediate Mass Ratio Inspirals inside Dark Matter Spikes
Creators: name: Becker, Niklas
name: Sagunski, Laura
name: Prinz, Lukas
name: Rastgoo, Saeed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspirals of an Intermediate Mass Black Hole (IMBH) and a solar mass type object will be observable by space based gravitational wave detectors such as The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). A dark matter overdensity around an IMBH - a dark matter spike - can affect the orbital evolution of the system. We consider here such Intermediate Mass Ratio Inspirals on eccentric orbits, experiencing dynamical friction of the dark matter spike. We find that by including the phase space distribution of the dark matter, the dynamical friction tends to circularize the orbit, in contrast to previous inquiries. We derive a general condition for circularization or eccentrification for any given dissipative force. In addition to the dephasing, we suggest using the circularization rate as another probe of the dark matter spike. Observing these effects would be an indicator for the particle nature of dark matter.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures. Code available online at https://github.com/DMGW-Goethe/imripy. Text matches published version, eqn. (27a)-(27d) updated
DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CHILDHOOD CANCER IN CALI, COLOMBIA 1977-2011
Creators: name: Registro Poblacional De Cancer De Cali Universidad Del Valle
name: Bravo, Luis Eduardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: Medicine

description: DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CHILDHOOD CANCER IN CALI, COLOMBIA 1977-2011
Searching for light new physics at the LHC via lepton-number violation
Creators: name: Bensalem, Wafia
name: London, David
name: Stolarski, Daniel
name: Tonero, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the collider phenomenology of a simplified model containing a right-handed $W$ in which the $W_R$ couples predominantly to the third generation in the quark sector. The model also includes a light Majorana neutrino, with $M_1\sim {\cal O}(100)$ GeV, giving rise to lepton-number-violating signatures that are visible at the LHC. Taking into account all the searches from the LHC and Tevatron, we find that this $W_R$ can still be as light as $M_R \sim 300$ GeV. We show that this type of new physics, and others like it, can be detected at the LHC using final states with three same-sign same-flavour leptons.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables
Effects of boosting on extragalactic components: methods and statistical studies
Creators: name: Coulton, William R.
name: Feldman, Sydney
name: Maamari, Karime
name: Pierpaoli, Elena
name: Yasini, Siavash
name: Dolag, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we examine the impact of our motion with respect to the CMB rest frame on statistics of CMB maps by examining the one-, two-, three- and four- point statistics of simulated maps of the CMB and Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effects. We validate boosting codes by comparing their outcomes for temperature and polarization power spectra up to $\ell \simeq 6000$. We derive and validate a new analytical formula for the computation of the boosted power spectrum of a signal with a generic frequency dependence. As an example we show how this increases the boosting correction to the power spectrum of CMB intensity measurements by $\sim 30\%$ at 150 GHz. We examine the effect of boosting on thermal and kinetic SZ power spectra from semianalytical and hydrodynamical simulations; the boosting correction is generally small for both simulations, except when considering frequencies near the tSZ null. For the non-Gaussian statistics, in general we find that boosting has no impact with two exceptions. We find that, whilst the statistics of the CMB convergence field are unaffected, quadratic estimators that are used to measure this field can become biased at the $O(1)\%$ level by boosting effects. We present a simple modification to the standard estimators that removes this bias. Second, bispectrum estimators can receive a systematic bias from the Doppler induced quadrupole when there is anisotropy in the sky -- in practice this anisotropy comes from masking and inhomogenous noise. This effect is unobservable and already removed by existing analysis methods.
description: 21 pages and 14 figures
Stochastic Sandpile on a Cycle
Creators: name: Melchionna, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60J10, 37A60, 60K35

description: In the stochastic sandpile model on a graph, particles interact pairwise as follows: if two particles occupy the same vertex, they must each take an independent random walk step with some probability $0
Orbital stability of peakon solutions for a generalized higher-order Camassa-Holm equation
Creators: name: Qin, Guoquan
name: Yan, Zhenya
name: Guo, Boling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the orbital stability issue of a generalized higher-order Camassa-Holm (HOCH) equation, which is an higher-order extension of the quadratic CH equation. Firstly, we show that the HOCH equation admits a global weak peakon solution by paring it with ssome smooth test function. Secondly, with the help of two conserved quantities and the non-sgn-changing condition, we prove the orbital stability of this peakon solution in the energy space in the sense that its shape remains approximately the same for all times. Our results enrich the research of the orbital stability for the CH-type equations and are useful to better understand the impact of higher-order nonlinearities on the dispersion dynamics.
description: 19 pages, 0 figure
Panama MIddle School Amphibian Biodiversity Lesson Plan
Creators: name: Lips, Karen
name: Direnzo, Graziella
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Zoology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This lesson plan describes the objectives, materials and activities associated with an educational module for a Latin American middle school class on Amphibian Biodiversity.
Burden of breast cancer in Cali, Colombia: 1962-2012
Creators: name: Registro Poblacional De Cancer De Cali Universidad Del Valle
name: Bravo, Luis Eduardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: Medicine

description: Objective: To describe the behavior of breast cancer (BC) during the 1962-2012 period from information provided by the Cali Cancer Registry and the Municipal Health Secretariat of Cali. Materials and methods: The incidence trend (1962-2007) and mortality trend (1984-2012) for breast cancer was studied and relative survival (RS)(1995-2004) was estimated. Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates to the world population (ASIR(w)/ASMR(w)) were expressed per 100 000 persons-year. Their temporal trend was examined with the annual percent of change (APC), and the Cox model was used to analyze the variables that influenced the survival of women with breast cancer. Results: The risk of breast cancer significantly increased in Cali through the 1962-2007 period, with an APC =1.7(95%CI:1.4-2.0). The ASIR(w) of BC increased from 27.1 in 1962 to 48.0 in 2007 and currently there are more than 500 cases reported annually. The mortality for BC has remained stable since 1984; in the 2009-2012 period, the ASMR(w) was 14.2. The 5-year RS was 69% (95%CI:66-71) from 2000-2004 and 62% (95%CI:59-65) from 1995-1999. The risk of death (HR) from BC was greater in persons from lower socioeconomic strata (SES) than from higher SES, HR=1.9(95%CI:1.3-2.9) and in those older than 70 years vs. <50, HR=1.6(95%CI:1.1-2.2). Conclusion: Mortality remained stable while incidence increased and survival improved, which may be associated with better detection and advances in treatment.
Time trends of human papillomavirus types in invasive cervical cancer, from 1940 to 2007
Creators: name: Registro Poblacional De Cancer De Cali Universidad Del Valle
name: Bravo, Luis Eduardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: Medicine

description: Contribution over time of human papillomavirus (HPV) types in human cancers has been poorly documented. Such data is fundamental to measure current HPV vaccines impact in the years to come. We estimated the HPV type-specific distribution in a large international series of invasive cervical cancer (ICC) over 70 years prior to vaccination. Paraffin embedded ICC cases diagnosed between 1940 and 2007 were retrieved from eleven countries in Central-South America, Asia and Europe. Included countries reported to have low-medium cervical cancer screening uptake. Information on age at and year of diagnosis was collected from medical records. After histological confirmation, HPV DNA detection was performed by SPF-10/DEIA/LiPA25 (version1). Logistic regression models were used for estimating the adjusted relative contributions (RC) of HPV16 and of HPV18 over time. Among 4,771 HPV DNA positive ICC cases, HPV16 and HPV18 were the two most common HPVs in all the decades with no statistically significant variations of their adjusted-RC from 1940-59 to 2000-07 (HPV16-from 61.5 to 62.1%, and HPV18-from 6.9 to 7.2%). As well, the RC of other HPV types did not varied over time. In the stratified analysis by histology, HPV16 adjusted-RC significantly increased across decades in adenocarcinomas. Regarding age, cases associated to either HPV16, 18 or 45 were younger than those with other HPV types in all the evaluated decades. The observed stability on the HPV type distribution predicts a high and stable impact of HPV vaccination in reducing the cervical cancer burden in future vaccinated generations.
Three new triterpenoids from the fruit of Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr.) Harms
Creators: name: Liu, Yan
name: Lin, Yu-Xuan
name: Rong, Xiao-Hui
name: Li, Meng-Meng
name: Pan, Juan
name: Guan, Wei
name: Kuang, Hai-Xue
name: Yang, Bing-You
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Virology

description: A phytochemical investigation on the 70% EtOH extract of the fruit of Acanthpanax senticosus resulted in the isolation of three new triterpenoids, Falcatane C (1), Acasentrioid F (2), Acasentrioid G (3) together with twenty-seven known ones (4–30). Structural elucidation of all the compounds was performed by spectral methods such as 1D or 2D (1H-1H COSY, HSQC, and HMBC), NMR spectroscopy, and high-resolution mass spectrometry. Moreover, all compounds were evaluated for their effects on H2O2-induced neurotoxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Ycells. Compounds 13 and 15 showed significant neuroprotective impact at a specific concentration, and compounds 1, 3, 5, 9, 11, 13–15, 17, 20–21, 23–25, 27, 29–30 showed moderate neuroprotective effect. The current study suggests that triterpenes in Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr.) Harms may play an essential role in the neuroprotective properties.
Human and Helicobacter pylori coevolution shapes the risk of gastric disease
Creators: name: Registro Poblacional De Cancer De Cali Universidad Del Valle
name: Bravo, Luis Eduardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: Medicine

description: Theory predicts that chronic pathogens with vertical or familial transmission should become less virulent over time because of coevolution. Although transmitted in this way, Helicobacter pylori is the major causative agent of gastric cancer. In two distinct Colombian populations with similar levels of H. pylori infection but different incidences of gastric cancer, we examined human and pathogen ancestry in matched samples to assess whether their genomic variation affects the severity of premalignant lesions. Interaction between human Amerindian ancestry and H. pylori African ancestry accounted for the geographic disparity in clinical presentation. We conclude that coevolutionary relationships are important determinants of gastric disease risk and that the historical colonization of the Americas continues to influence health in modern American populations.
Colorectal cancer incidence, mortality and survival in Cali, Colombia, 1962-2012
Creators: name: Registro Poblacional De Cancer De Cali Universidad Del Valle
name: Bravo, Luis Eduardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: Medicine

description: Objective: To study the colorectal cancer (CRC) behavior in Cali, Colombia, during the 1963-2012 period using data from the Population-based Cancer Registry of Cali and the Municipal Health Secretariat of Cali. Materials and methods: An ecological time series analysis to study the CRC incidence (1962-2007) and mortality (1984-2012) rate trends; and a survival analysis of CRC cases registered in Cali between 1995 and 2004 were conducted. The age-standardized temporal trend of incidence (I-ASR) and mortality (M-ASR) rates were studied using an annual percent change (APC). The 5-year relative survival was estimated and a multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results: During the 1962-2007 period, CRC TTIR increased in men and women living in Cali [APC= 2.6 (95% CI 2.2-3.0) and APC= 2.2% (95% CI 1.8-2.7), respectively]. In the 1984-2012 period, the TTMR remained stable in women but increased in men in all age groups [APC= 1.8 (95% CI 0.8-2.8)]. The 5-year relative survival was independent of sex and increased from 29.7% in 1995-1999 to 39.8% in 2000- 2004. The risk of dying from CRC was higher in people of lower socio-economic status (SES) vs higher SES [HR= 2.1 (95% CI: 1.7-2.6)], among people older than 70 years of age vs younger than 50 years [HR= 2.4 (95% CI: 1.9-2.9)], and for the 1995-1999 period vs 2000-2004 period [HR= 1.5 (95% CI 1.3-1.7)]. Conclusion: CRC is beginning to take a prominent place among the most important cancers in Cali, Colombia.
Prostate cancer in Cali, Colombia, 1962-2011: Incidence, mortality and survival
Creators: name: Registro Poblacional De Cancer De Cali Universidad Del Valle
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: Medicine

description: Objective: To analyze the trend in prostate cancer survival, incidence and mortality rates in Cali, Colombia from 1962 to 2011. Materials and methods: Based on the Cancer Registry of Cali, Colombia and the mortality registry of the City's Public Health Secretary, incidence, mortality age-standardized rates and relative survival were calculated during 1962-2011. Results: Prostate cancer incidence rates increased sharply between 1986 and 2002 (APC: 6.21%) and then leveled off. Mortality diminished in 1997 in men older than 70 years-old while in men aged 50-69 years declined since 1981. The 5-year-relative-survival was 69.8% (CI95% 67.5-72.0) and it was significantly associated with age, quinquennial period of diagnosis and socioeconomic strata. Conclusion: The increase in incidence rates of prostate cancer in time coincides with the implementation of the PSA in Cali. There is evidence of improvement in prostate cancer survival, and decreased prostate cancer mortality.
Cancer survival in Cali, Colombia: A population-based study, 1995-2004.
Creators: name: Registro Poblacional De Cancer De Cali Universidad Del Valle
name: Bravo, Luis Eduardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: Medicine

description: Determining the impact of cancer on the population can only be done based on the availability of information on the incidence, mortality and survival of individual patients 1. The population-based survival of individuals diagnosed with cancer is considered an important indicator of the effectiveness of the cancer care systems. Survival is the result of the access of individuals in a timely manner to the most effective treatment 2. On the other hand, the comparison of survival estimates between different malignancy locations in different regions or countries may indicate to what extent it is still possible to improve the care provided.
Structural and geomorphological map of the Passo San Marco – Pizzo di Trona area (Western Orobic Alps, Southern Alps, Italy)
Creators: name: Ghiselli, Alice
name: Zucali, Michele
name: Bini, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: We present a structural and geomorphological map of the Passo San Marco – Pizzo di Trona area (Northwestern Orobic Alps). This area was studied in order to make a contribution to the mapping and interpretation of the landforms and the mesoscale structures in the basement and sedimentary cover. The aim of this study is to provide a useful insight for a better understanding of the geological and geomorphological evolution of the Orobic belt during the Alpine orogenesis. The original geological survey was carried out at a 1:5000 scale while the presented map is at a 1:8000 scale. In particular, a detailed structural survey of brittle and ductile structures was carried out. The structural analysis has led to the identification of six phases of deformation: three pre-Alpine and three Alpine. During these deformation phases, ductile (folds and foliations) and brittle (faults, cataclasites and pseudotachylites) structures developed both in the Variscan basement and in the Permo-Triassic sedimentary cover.
Epidemiology of cervical cancer in Colombia
Creators: name: Registro Poblacional De Cancer De Cali Universidad Del Valle
name: Bravo, Luis Eduardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: Medicine

description: Worldwide, cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women, and the first or second most common in developing countries. Cervical cancer remains in Colombia the first cause of cancer mortality and the se­cond cause of cancer incidence among women, despite the existence of screening programs during the last 3 decades. Bucaramanga, Manizales and Cali reported rates around 20 per 100,000 and Pasto 27 per 100,000. The Cali cancer registry has reported a progressive decrease in the age standardized incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer over the past 40 years. Reasons for the decline in incidence and mortality of cervical cancer are multiple and probably include: improvement in socio-economic conditions, decrease in parity rates and some effect of screening programs.
Probing dark gauge boson via Einstein-Cartan portal
Creators: name: Nam, Cao H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein-Cartan gravity which is an alternative formulation of general relativity introduces new degrees of freedom contained in the torsion field which encodes the torsion feature of spacetime. Interestingly, the torsion field couples to all fermions through its axial-vector mode with a universal coupling $η=1/8$ which is possible to change under the quantum effects. We argue that Einstein-Cartan gravity provides a significant portal to probe $A'$ dark gauge boson which resides in dark sector existing as an invisible world parallel to our own and couples to the standard model (SM) particles through only the kinetic mixing. For the (very) small kinetic mixing, searches for the $A'$ from Drell-Yan processes are insensitive due to the suppressed production cross-section and the considerable SM backgrounds. However, through the mediation of torsion field the $pp$ collisions produce dark-sector fermions which would significantly produce the $A'$ due to unsuppressed dark gauge coupling. We explore the potential production modes of the $A'$ through bremsstrahlung off dark-sector fermion and the cascade decays. Einstein-Cartan gravity suggests the torsion mass $\gtrsim\mathcal{O}(4)$ TeV for $η$ varying around the classical value since the present scenarios would tend to produce the $A'$ with the high boost and large missing transverse momentum from dark-sector fermions where the SM backgrounds are low. On the other hand, the $A'$ search via Einstein-Cartan portal can reach even for the signal events to be not large and is also sensitive to the (very) small kinetic mixing as long as the decay channels of the $A'$ to dark-sector particles are inaccessible.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. Corrected a typo in Eq. (3) of v1, discussions and references added, the version accepted for publication in PRD
Oral cancer in Cali, Colombia: A population-based analysis of incidence and mortality trends
Creators: name: Registro Poblacional De Cancer De Cali Universidad Del Valle
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: Medicine

description: Objective. To describe the time trends of the incidence and mortality rates of oral cancer (OC) in Cali, Colombia between 1962-2007. Materials and methods. Age-standardized (Segi's world population) incidence (ASIR) and mortality (ASMR) rates for oral cancer were estimated using data from the Population-based Cancer Registry of Cali, Colombia and from the database of the Municipal Secretary of Public Health (MSPH) respectively. Annual percentage change (APC) was used to measure the changes in rates over time. Results. 1 637 new cases of oral cancer were registered in the CPCR and the mean age upon diagnosis was 60 years. The ASIR decreased from 1962-2007 in men APC= 1.3 (IC95%:-2.0; -0.6) and women APC= -1.0 (IC95%: -1.7; -0.4).The ASMR decreased from 1984-2001 only in men, APC=2.8 (IC95%: -4.1; -1.5). Conclusions. There was a significant decrease in the incidence and mortality rates for OC in Cali, Colombia. The type of tumor associated to these changes was the squamous cell carcinoma.
From printing to Scielo and Pubmed Central
Creators: name: Registro Poblacional De Cancer De Cali Universidad Del Valle
name: Bravo, Luis Eduardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: Medicine

description: The first issue of Philosophical Transactions from the Royal Society published in 1665 is widely regarded as the beginning of modern academic communication through journal articles. This form of presentation was an alternative to books for facilitating the exchange of ideas among scholarly circles. Soon journal collections and scientific libraries were created and eventually an evaluation of the quality of research activity was sought through noting the impact of their publications
Remnant masses of core collapse supernovae in the jittering jets explosion mechanism
Creators: name: Shishkin, Dmitry
name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conduct one dimensional (1D) stellar evolution simulations of non-rotating stars with initial masses in the range of $11-48 M_\odot$ to the time of core collapse and, using a criterion on the specific angular momentum fluctuations in the inner convective zones, estimate the masses of the neutron star (NS) remnants according to the jittering jets explosion mechanism. From the 1D simulations we find that several convective zones with specific angular momentum fluctuations of $j_{conv} > 2.5 \times 10^{15} cm^2 s^{-1}$ develop near the edge of the iron core in all models. For this condition for explosion we find the NS remnant masses to be in the range of $1.3 -1.8 M_\odot$, while if we require twice as large values, i.e., $j_{conv} > 5 \times 10^{15} cm^2 s^{-1}$, we find the NS remnant masses to be in the range of $1.4 - 2.8 M_\odot$ (the upper values here might form black holes). Note that in general the formation of black holes in the jittering jets explosion mechanism requires a rapidly rotating pre-collapse core, while we simulate non-rotating stars.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS