cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Lagrangian Relaxation for Golomb Rulers
Creators: name: Slusky, Marla R.
name: Willem-Jan Van Hoeve
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The Golomb Ruler Problem asks to position n integer marks on a ruler such that all pairwise distances between the marks are distinct and the ruler has minimum total length. It is a very challenging combinatorial problem, and provably optimal rulers are only known for n up to 26. Lower bounds can be obtained using Linear Programming formulations, but these are computationally expensive for large n. In this paper, we propose a new method for finding lower bounds based on a Lagrangian relaxation. We present a combinatorial algorithm that finds good bounds quickly without the use of a Linear Programming solver. This allows us to embed our algorithm into a constraint programming search procedure. We compare our relaxation with other lower bounds from the literature, both formally and experimentally. We also show that our relaxation can reduce the constraint programming search tree considerably.
Population level differences in overwintering survivorship of blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus): A caution on extrapolating climate sensitivities along latitudinal gradients
Creators: name: Molina, A.I.
name: Nye, J.A.
name: Cerrato, R.M.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2021

description: Winter mortality can strongly affect the population dynamics of blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) near poleward range limits. We simulated winter in the lab to test the effects of temperature, salinity, and estuary of origin on blue crab winter mortality over three years using a broad range of crab sizes from both Great South Bay and Chesapeake Bay. We fit accelerated failure time models to our data and to data from prior blue crab winter mortality experiments, illustrating that, in a widely distributed, commercially valuable marine decapod, temperature, salinity, size, estuary of origin, and winter duration were important predictors of winter mortality. Furthermore, our results suggest that extrapolation of a Chesapeake Bay based survivorship model to crabs from New York estuaries yielded poor fits. As such, the severity and duration of winter can impact northern blue crab populations differently along latitudinal gradients. In the context of climate change, future warming could possibility confer a benefit to crab populations near the range edge that are currently limited by temperature- induced winter mortality by shifting their range edge poleward, but care must be taken in generalizing from models that are developed based on populations from one part of the range to populations near the edges, especially for species that occupy large geographical areas.
The winking eye of a very massive star: WR 21a revealed as an eclipsing binary by TESS
Creators: name: Barbá, Rodolfo H.
name: Gamen, Roberto C.
name: Martín-Ravelo, Pablo
name: Arias, Julia I.
name: Morrell, Nidia I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: WR~21a was known as a massive spectroscopic binary composed of an O2.5 If*/WN6ha primary and an O3 V((f*))z secondary. Although a minimum value, the mass estimated for the primary placed it as one of the most massive stars found in our Galaxy. We report the discovery of photometric variations in the time series observations carried out by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). These light variations are interpreted as formed by two main components: a sharp partial eclipse of the O3 secondary by the O2.5/WN6 star, and tidally excited oscillations. Based on the light minima a new ephemeris for the system is calculated. The system configuration is detached and the observed eclipse corresponds to the periastron passage. During the eclipse, the light curve shape suggests the presence of the heartbeat effect. The frequencies derived for the tidally excited oscillations are harmonics of the orbital period. Combining new and previously published radial velocity measurements, a new spectroscopic orbital solution is also obtained. Using the \textsc{phoebe} code we model the \textit{TESS} light curve and determine stellar radii of $R_{\rm O2.5/WN6}=23.4$ R$_\odot$ and $R_{\rm O3}=14.3$ R$_\odot$ and an orbital inclination $i=62^\circ\!\!.2\pm0^\circ\!\!.9$. The latter combined with the spectroscopic minimum masses lead to absolute masses of $M_{\rm O2.5/WN6}=93.2$ M$_\odot$ and $M_{\rm O3}=52.9$ M$_\odot$, which establishes WR21a as belonging to the rare group of the very massive stars.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, to appear in MNRAS
A Review of River Herring Science in Support of Species Conservation and Ecosystem Restoration
Creators: name: Alexander, M.A.
name: McDermott, S.
name: Schultz, E.T.
name: McCrary, R.
name: Bailey, M.M.
name: Starks, C.
name: Kerns, T.
name: Scott, J.D.
name: Hare, J.A.
name: Bowden, A.A.
name: Sullivan, K.
name: Borggaard, D.L.
name: Didden, J.T.
name: Tooley, M.B.
name: Nye, J.A.
name: Damon-Randall, K.
name: Pierce, J.
name: Hasselman, D.J.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2021

description: River herring—a collective name for the Alewife Alosa pseudoharengus and Blueback Herring A. aestivalis—play a crucial role in freshwater and marine ecosystems along the Eastern Seaboard of North America. River herring are anadromous and return to freshwater habitats in the tens to hundreds of millions to spawn, supplying food to many species and providing nutrients to freshwater ecosystems. After two and a half centuries of habitat loss, habitat degradation, and overfishing, river herring are at historic lows. In 2013, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Fisheries established the Technical Expert Working Group (TEWG) to synthesize information about river herring and to provide recommendations to advance the science related to their restoration. This paper was composed largely by the chairs of the TEWG subgroups and represents a review of the current state of knowledge of river herring, with an emphasis on identification of threats and discussion of recent research and management actions related to understanding and reducing these threats. Important research needs are then identified and discussed. Finally, current knowledge is synthesized, considering the relative importance of different threats. This synthesis identifies dam removal and increased stream connectivity as critical to river herring restoration. Better understanding and accounting for predation, climate change, and fisheries are also important for restoration. Finally, there is recent evidence that the effects of human development and contamination on habitat quality may be more important threats than previously recognized. Given the range of threats, an ecosystem approach is needed to be successful with river herring restoration. To facilitate this ecosystem approach, collaborative forums such as the TEWG (renamed the Atlantic Coast River Herring Collaborative Forum in 2020) are needed to share and synthesize information among river herring managers, researchers, and community groups from across the species’ range.
A Large US Retailer Selects Transportation Carriers Under Diesel Price Uncertainty
Creators: name: Turner, John
name: Peterson, Ben
name: Soo-Haeng Cho
name: Sunder  Kekre
name: Wolf, Alan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A large US retailer that procures transportation services from third-party carriers experienced an unexpected jump in fuel surcharges as the price of diesel fuel skyrocketed in the summer of 2008. As a result, it sought to limit its future exposure to diesel price risk. We collaborated with this retailer to create a lane assignment optimizer (LAO) that incorporates diesel price risk when selecting carriers for its transportation lanes. The LAO tool has significantly improved the retailer's capability to evaluate the trade-off between the two crucial components of a lane's per-shipment cost: base price and risk-adjusted fuel surcharge. The retailer can now take diesel price risk into account when selecting cost-effective carriers for its lanes, negotiating fuel surcharge limits to share diesel price risk with its carriers, and better aligning the fuel surcharges it pays with the true cost of diesel. We estimate that the more favorable contract terms the retailer negotiated for 2009–2011 translate to nearly $5 million in potential savings during years with unexpected diesel price hikes, such as 2008.
Additional file 1 of Pharmacotherapy, alternative and adjunctive therapies for eating disorders: findings from a rapid review
Creators: name: Rodan, Sarah-Catherine
name: Bryant, Emma
name: Le, Anvi
name: Maloney, Danielle
name: Touyz, Stephen
name: McGregor, Iain S.
name: Maguire, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. PRISMA Diagram—Rapid Review.
Seasonal Prediction of Bottom Temperature on the Northeast U.S. Continental Shelf
Creators: name: Stock, B.C.
name: Joyce, T.M.
name: Fratantoni, P.
name: Miller, T.J.
name: Gawarkiewicz, G.
name: Chen, Z.
name: Saba, V.S.
name: Nye, J.A.
name: Chen, K.
name: Kwon, Y.-O.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2021

description: The Northeast U.S. shelf (NES) is an oceanographically dynamic marine ecosystem and supports some of the most valuable demersal fisheries in the world. A reliable prediction of NES environmental variables, particularly ocean bottom temperature, could lead to a significant improvement in demersal fisheries management. However, the current generation of climate model-based seasonal-to-interannual predictions exhibits limited prediction skill in this continental shelf environment. Here, we have developed a hierarchy of statistical seasonal predictions for NES bottom temperatures using an eddy-resolving ocean reanalysis data set. A simple, damped local persistence prediction model produces significant skill for lead times up to ∼5 months in the Mid-Atlantic Bight and up to ∼10 months in the Gulf of Maine, although the prediction skill varies notably by season. Considering temperature from a nearby or upstream (i.e., more poleward) region as an additional predictor generally improves prediction skill, presumably as a result of advective processes. Large-scale atmospheric and oceanic indices, such as Gulf Stream path indices (GSIs) and the North Atlantic Oscillation Index, are also tested as predictors for NES bottom temperatures. Only the GSI constructed from temperature observed at 200 m depth significantly improves the prediction skill relative to local persistence. However, the prediction skill from this GSI is not larger than that gained using models incorporating nearby or upstream shelf/slope temperatures. Based on these results, a simplified statistical model has been developed, which can be tailored to fisheries management for the NES. © 2021. The Authors.
A Scheme for Unifying Optimization and Constraint Satisfaction Methods
Creators: name: Hooker, John N.
name: Ottosson, Greger
name: Thorsteinsson, Erlendur S.
name: Kim, Hak-Jin
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Optimization and constraint satisfaction methods are complementary to a large extent, and  there has been much recent interest in combining them.
Investigating Variability of Quiescent Neutron Stars in the Globular Clusters NGC 6440 and Terzan 5
Creators: name: Walsh, A. R.
name: Cackett, E. M.
name: Bernardini, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quiescent spectrum of neutron star low-mass X-ray binaries typically consists of two components - a thermal component associated with emission from the neutron star surface, and a non-thermal power-law component whose origin is not well understood. Spectral fitting of neutron star atmosphere models to the thermal component is one of the leading methods for measuring the neutron star radius. However, it has been known for years that the X-ray spectra of quiescent neutron stars vary between observations. While most quiescent variability is explained through a variable power-law component, the brightest and best-studied object, Cen X-4, requires a change in the thermal component and such thermal variability could be a problem for measuring neutron star radii. In this paper, we significantly increase the number of sources whose quiescent spectra have been studied for variability. We examine 9 potential quiescent neutron stars with luminosities <1E34 erg/s over the course of multiple Chandra observations of the globular clusters NGC 6440 and Terzan 5 and find no strong evidence for variability in the effective temperature in 7 of the 9 sources. Two sources show a potential change in temperature, though this depends on the exact model fitted. CX1 in NGC 6440 is equally well fit by a variable thermal component or a variable power law. Therefore, the results are inconclusive and we cannot exclude or require thermal variability in that source. CX5 in NGC 6440 shows a potential change in temperature, though this depends on whether a power-law is included in the spectral fit or not. This suggests that thermal variability may not be widespread among quiescent neutron stars with luminosities < 1E34 erg/s, and hence thermal radiation remains a promising means to constraining neutron star radii.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, resubmitted to MNRAS after addressing referee's comments
CALR mutations in myeloproliferative neoplasms: An unfolding story
Creators: name: Langabeer, Stephen E.
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: myeloproliferative neoplasms
CALR mutations
molecular diagnostics

description: EXCLI Journal; 19:Doc1399; ISSN 1611-2156
Statistical limits of dictionary learning: random matrix theory and the spectral replica method
Creators: name: Barbier, Jean
name: Macris, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider increasingly complex models of matrix denoising and dictionary learning in the Bayes-optimal setting, in the challenging regime where the matrices to infer have a rank growing linearly with the system size. This is in contrast with most existing literature concerned with the low-rank (i.e., constant-rank) regime. We first consider a class of rotationally invariant matrix denoising problems whose mutual information and minimum mean-square error are computable using techniques from random matrix theory. Next, we analyze the more challenging models of dictionary learning. To do so we introduce a novel combination of the replica method from statistical mechanics together with random matrix theory, coined spectral replica method. This allows us to derive variational formulas for the mutual information between hidden representations and the noisy data of the dictionary learning problem, as well as for the overlaps quantifying the optimal reconstruction error. The proposed method reduces the number of degrees of freedom from $Θ(N^2)$ matrix entries to $Θ(N)$ eigenvalues (or singular values), and yields Coulomb gas representations of the mutual information which are reminiscent of matrix models in physics. The main ingredients are a combination of large deviation results for random matrices together with a new replica symmetric decoupling ansatz at the level of the probability distributions of eigenvalues (or singular values) of certain overlap matrices and the use of HarishChandra-Itzykson-Zuber spherical integrals.
Balanced-MixUp for Highly Imbalanced Medical Image Classification
Creators: name: Galdran, Adrian
name: Carneiro, Gustavo
name: Ballester, Miguel A. González
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Highly imbalanced datasets are ubiquitous in medical image classification problems. In such problems, it is often the case that rare classes associated to less prevalent diseases are severely under-represented in labeled databases, typically resulting in poor performance of machine learning algorithms due to overfitting in the learning process. In this paper, we propose a novel mechanism for sampling training data based on the popular MixUp regularization technique, which we refer to as Balanced-MixUp. In short, Balanced-MixUp simultaneously performs regular (i.e., instance-based) and balanced (i.e., class-based) sampling of the training data. The resulting two sets of samples are then mixed-up to create a more balanced training distribution from which a neural network can effectively learn without incurring in heavily under-fitting the minority classes. We experiment with a highly imbalanced dataset of retinal images (55K samples, 5 classes) and a long-tail dataset of gastro-intestinal video frames (10K images, 23 classes), using two CNNs of varying representation capabilities. Experimental results demonstrate that applying Balanced-MixUp outperforms other conventional sampling schemes and loss functions specifically designed to deal with imbalanced data. Code is released at https://github.com/agaldran/balanced_mixup .
description: Accepted at MICCAI 2021, International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention
1971 Outlook
Creators: name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Now that revised first quarter GNP figures have been released, it is useful to take a further look at what the figures show and what the prospects are for the rest of the year. Real GNP rose more than 7% in the first quarter. Inflation continued at a relatively high rate, 4.8%, after allowing for an adjustment to take account of the government pay raise that boosted the rate of inflation in the first quarter. Rising GNP has been followed by increases of industrial production in April and almost certainly will be followed by an additional increase in May.
Additional file 2 of Pharmacotherapy, alternative and adjunctive therapies for eating disorders: findings from a rapid review
Creators: name: Rodan, Sarah-Catherine
name: Bryant, Emma
name: Le, Anvi
name: Maloney, Danielle
name: Touyz, Stephen
name: McGregor, Iain S.
name: Maguire, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Studies Included in the Rapid Review.
A Constraint Store Based on Multivalued Decision Diagrams
Creators: name: H R Andersen
name: Hadzic, Tarik
name: Hooker, John N.
name: Tiedemann, Peter
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The typical constraint store transmits a limited amount of
information because it consists only of variable domains. We propose a
richer constraint store in the form of a limited-width multivalued decision
diagram (MDD). It reduces to a traditional domain store when
the maximum width is one but allows greater pruning of the search tree
for larger widths. MDD propagation algorithms can be developed to
exploit the structure of particular constraints, much as is done for domain
filtering algorithms.We propose specialized propagation algorithms
for alldiff and inequality constraints. Preliminary experiments show that
MDD propagation solves multiple alldiff problems an order of magnitude
more rapidly than traditional domain propagation. It also significantly
reduces the search tree for inequality problems, but additional research
is needed to reduce the computation time.
title:  Mistica, Mistero e Filosofia
Creators: name: Mura  ,  Gaspare
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: Le caratteristiche peculiari della mistica cristiana la rendono diversa da altre esperienze mistiche, in quanto essa è intimamente innestata nel Mistero cristiano. La mistica cristiana è intima partecipazione alla vita divina, ma a differenza di altre esperienze mistiche, le quali non fanno riferimento alle dottrine della Creazione e dell’Incarnazione, non annulla la persona umana. Senza il riferimento al Mistero cristiano – come scrive de Lubac – la mistica può esercitare un influsso subdolo sulla filosofia, ingenerando un razionalismo in cui prevale l’ambigua connessione dialettica tra Essere e Nulla. Nell’esperienza mistica di Chiara Lubich sono presenti preziosi suggerimenti per la filosofia e che, come scrive la Fides et ratio, possono essere qualificati come «philosophari in Maria».
description: B@belonline vol. 1/2 Filosofia e mistica
Thermal Dileptons as Fireball Thermometer and Chronometer
Creators: name: Rapp, Ralf
name: van Hees, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal dilepton radiation from the hot fireballs created in high-energy heavy-ion collisions provides unique insights into the properties of the produced medium. We first show how the predictions of hadronic many-body theory for a melting $ρ$ meson, coupled with QGP emission utilizing a modern lattice-QCD based equation of state, yield a quantitative description of dilepton spectra in heavy-ion collisions at the SPS and the RHIC beam energy scan program. We utilize these results to systematically extract the excess yields and their invariant-mass spectral slopes to predict the excitation function of fireball lifetimes and (early) temperatures, respectively. We thereby demonstrate that future measurements of these quantities can yield unprecedented information on basic fireball properties. Specifically, our predictions quantify the relation between the measured and maximal fireball temperatures, and the proportionality of excess yields and total lifetime. This information can serve as a "caloric" curve to search for a first-order QCD phase transition, and to detect non-monotonous lifetime variations possibly related to critical phenomena.
description: 4 pages 3 figures
Effect of Volatility Clustering on Indifference Pricing of Options by Convex Risk Measures
Creators: name: Kumar, Rohini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In this article, we look at the effect of volatility clustering on the risk indifference price of options described by Sircar and Sturm in their paper (Sircar, R., & Sturm, S. (2012). From smile asymptotics to market risk measures. Mathematical Finance. Advance online publication. doi:10.1111/mafi.12015). The indifference price in their article is obtained by using dynamic convex risk measures given by backward stochastic differential equations. Volatility clustering is modelled by a fast mean-reverting volatility in a stochastic volatility model for stock price. Asymptotics of the indifference price of options and their corresponding implied volatility are obtained in this article, as the mean-reversion time approaches zero. Correction terms to the asymptotic option price and implied volatility are also obtained.
description: Applied Mathematical Finance, 2014
Supplementary materials for World Mycotoxin Journal manuscript WMJ2022.2826:Effects of the mycotoxins aflatoxin B1, deoxynivalenol and zearalenone on survival, biomass and toxin accumulation in Musca domestica larvae
Creators: name: Niermans, K.
name: Hoek-van den Hil, E.F.
name: van Dam, R.
name: van der Fels-Klerx, H.J.
name: van Loon, J.J.A. (Joop)
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 300605
subject: Food safety, traceability, certification and authenticity
classificationCode: 300303
subject: Animal nutrition

description: Insects are receiving increasing attention as a possible ingredient for feed and/or food production. When used efficiently, insects can provide a sustainable and economically favourable contribution to global food security. Housefly larvae (HFL) can grow on a variety of organic side streams and upgrade them by partial conversion into high-quality protein. Organic side streams may be chemically contaminated by naturally occurring toxins, e.g. mycotoxins, therefore, effects on insect survival and biomass as well as other feed and/or food safety issues should be investigated. In this study, the HFL were exposed to a feed substrate spiked with aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), deoxynivalenol (DON) or zearalenone (ZEN) at concentrations of either 1 or 10 times the maximum levels or guidance values set for feed materials by the European Commission. Mortality and biomass of HFL were recorded over five days of exposure. LC-MS/MS analysis was used to determine the concentration of the mycotoxins in the substrate offered, the larvae and the residual feed material. A molar mass balance was calculated to estimate how much of the spiked mycotoxins (and several metabolites), was recovered in the larval body and the residual material. Exposure to either of the three mycotoxins did not affect larval mortality and biomass, and accumulation in the larval body did not take place. Metabolism does seem to occur for AFB1 and ZEN as the molar mass balance revealed an unrecovered fraction of ca. 40-50%. Little DON metabolism occurred as most of the initially present DON was found back unchanged. The results of this study support the potential for safe use of HFL as food- and/or feed when reared on mycotoxin contaminated side-streams, as accumulation of the tested mycotoxins did not take place in HFL. Further research is needed to identify the fate of the unrecovered fractions of AFB1 and ZEN.
Composition and Intraspecific Variability in Summer Flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) Diets in a Eutrophic Estuary
Creators: name: Nye, J.A.
name: Cernadas-Martín, S.
name: Pikitch, E.K.
name: Frisk, M.G.
name: Rountos, K.J.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2021

description: This study assessed the diet of Summer flounder (SF, Paralichthys dentatus) in Shinnecock Bay, NY. Summer flounder are a recreationally and commercially important marine flatfish species found along the Eastern United States coastline. Despite their importance, few studies have examined the trophodynamics of a broad size spectrum of this species. Diet composition of summer flounder (n = 88) was assessed from 2014 to 2016 throughout Shinnecock Bay, a eutrophic bar-built estuary in New York. Species consumed and diet species richness differed significantly amongst SF size classes, with large [≥375 mm total length (TL)] and medium (>225: <375 mm) summer flounder showing higher levels of piscivory and more diverse diets than small-sized (≤225 mm) conspecifics. As voracious plastic predators, trends in annual and monthly diet variation generally followed prey availability in Shinnecock Bay. One exception to this general pattern occurred for winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus). Despite their low relative abundance in the bay, winter flounder was highly preferred as prey by summer flounder (Chesson index, α = 0.35) and was their predominant prey item accounting for 12.3% (SD ± 3.9%) of the diet by weight. Other factors that explained the variability of the diet of summer flounder were year, month, dissolved oxygen concentration, bay region and habitat, with a cumulative variance of 10.3%. Interestingly, clear differences in the diet (i.e., species richness and abundance) of summer flounder were found within regions of Shinnecock Bay, with a decrease in teleost biomass and species richness observed in the western region where water quality is more degraded and less seagrass is available compared to the more pristine eastern region. Distinct trophic dynamics in degraded habitats suggests fundamentally different food webs that could have important consequences to ecosystem stability and resilience. As coastal areas continue to experience degradation, diet studies of economically and ecologically important species can aid in the development of effective ecosystem-based management plans.
Оценка эффективности применения эрготропиков утятам
Creators: name: Пономарев В.А.
name: Клетикова Л.В.
name: Якименко Н.Н.
name: Бугаева А.А.
Publisher: name: Эффективное животноводство
Year: 2022
Subjects: утята
эрготропики
эффективность
живая масса
обмен веществ
ducklings
ergotropics
efficiency
live weight
metabolism

description: Утиное мясо является биологически полноценным, богатым витаминами и микроэлементами продуктом питания. Его полноценность обуславливается качеством рациона и применением биологически активных веществ. Добавка к стандартному рациону 15-суточных утят породы голубой фаворит препаратов Чиктоник и Ветом 1.1 оказала стимулирующее влияние на рост и обмен веществ, что проявилось увеличением живой массы на 14,29 %, повышением содержания общего белка, глюкозы и ионов в сыворотке крови, нормализацией энзиматической активности.
description: Duck meat is a biologically complete food product rich in vitamins and microelements. Its usefulness is determined by the quality of the diet and the use of biologically active substances. The addition of Chiktonik and Vetom 1.1 preparations to the standard diet of 15-day-old ducklings of the blue favorite breed had a stimulating effect on growth and metabolism, which was manifested by an increase in live weight by 14.29%, an increase in the content of total protein, glucose and ions in blood serum, and normalization of enzymatic activity.
D2.1 Existing AI Algorithms and their Accountability and Resilience Features within the Context of Applications to IoT, 5G, and Cybersecurity
Creators: name: AUSTRALO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: D2.1 Existing AI Algorithms and their Accountability and Resilience Features within the Context of Applications to IoT, 5G, and Cybersecurity The present document seeks to understand the accountability and resilience of existing Machine Learning (ML) algorithms to establish a foundation for the research activities towards a SPATIAL platform. The selection of ML algorithms analysed in this document is based on their potential application in the four SPATIAL use cases, which reflect the domains Internet of Things (IoT), 5G, cybersecurity, and eHealth. In order to acquire the above-mentioned understanding, this deliverable analyses the identified relevant ML algorithms concerning their accountability, explainability and resilience characteristics. Different Explainable AI (XAI) methods are considered, and their applicability to the ML algorithms in question is discussed. Furthermore, the selected ML algorithms are looked into with regard to their resilience against modern attacks on the AI models (e.g., data poisoning, model stealing, evasion attacks etc.).
title:  María Zambrano e la mistica di Castiglia
Creators: name:  Revilla Guzmán  ,  Carmen
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: L’obiettivo del testo è riflettere sul rapporto di María Zambrano con la mistica per individuare il senso di questo legame, complesso e aperto a diverse prospettive, e l’influenza di questa tradizione nello sviluppo della filosofia di questa autrice.

In primo luogo si tenta di delimitare la dimensione religiosa del pensiero zambraniano, il quale si muove tra il sapere e il pensare, richiamando un atteggiamento vicino a quello che lei trova proprio nella mistica. La lettura dei suoi scritti, ed anche delle sue lettere, ci permette difendere che la Zambrano trova nella tradizione mistica un filone al quale si lega e da dove ricava una spinta decisiva nello svolgersi della sua ‘ragione poetica’, fulcro teorico della sua opera.
Tenendo conto di alcuni saggi che hanno sottolineato questa dimensione del pensiero di Zambrano, nonché alcune tappe spiccate della sua biografia – esilio, permanenza a Roma, soggiorno à La Pièce –, il lavoro mette a fuoco l’affinità tra l’esperienza filosofica e l’esperienza mistica: valorizzazione del vissuto e dell’attenzione, riconoscimento del vuoto e della corporeità, cura di un linguaggio d’immagini ricavate dalla mistica castigliana, sono tratti, condivisi con i mistici, che identificano la razionalità poetica della Zambrano.
description: B@belonline vol. 1/2 Filosofia e mistica
Closedness of orbits in a space with SU(2) Poisson structure
Creators: name: Fatollahi, Amir H.
name: Shariati, Ahmad
name: Khorrami, Mohammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The closedness of orbits of central forces is addressed in a three dimensional space in which the Poisson bracket among the coordinates is that of the SU(2) Lie algebra. In particular it is shown that among problems with spherically symmetric potential energies, it is only the Kepler problem for which all of the bounded orbits are closed. In analogy with the case of the ordinary space, a conserved vector (apart from the angular momentum) is explicitly constructed, which is responsible for the orbits being closed. This is the analog of the Laplace-Runge-Lenz vector. The algebra of the constants of the motion is also worked out.
description: 20 pages, no fig. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1312.2115
Implementing two-dimensional autocorrelation in either survival or natural mortality improves a state-space assessment model for Southern New England-Mid Atlantic yellowtail flounder
Creators: name: Thorson, J.T.
name: Xu, H.
name: Stock, B.C.
name: Miller, T.J.
name: Nye, J.A.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2021

description: Survival is an important population process in fisheries stock assessment models and is typically treated as deterministic. Recently developed state-space assessment models can estimate stochastic deviations in survival, which represent variability in some ambiguous combination of natural mortality (M), fishing mortality (F), and migration. These survival deviations are generally treated as independent by age and year, despite our understanding that many population processes can be autocorrelated and that not accounting for autocorrelation can result in notable bias. We address these concerns, as well as the strong retrospective pattern found in the last assessment of Southern New England yellowtail flounder (Limanda ferruginea), by incorporating two-dimensional (2D, age and year) first-order autocorrelation in survival and M. We found that deviations were autocorrelated among both years (0.53 ± 0.09, 0.63 ± 0.16) and ages (0.33 ± 0.12, 0.40 ± 0.16) when estimated for survival or M, respectively. Models with 2D autocorrelation on survival or M fit the data better and had reduced retrospective pattern than models without autocorrelation. The best fit model included 2D autocorrelated deviations in survival as well as independent deviations in M and altered estimates of spawning stock biomass by 18 % and F by 21 % in model years. In short-term projections with F = 0, including 2D autocorrelation in survival or M reduced spawning stock biomass by 48 %. We conclude that incorporating 2D autocorrelated variation in survival or M could improve the assessment of Southern New England yellowtail flounder in terms of model fit and consistency of biomass projections.
Analysis of the herbicide glyphosate and related organophosphonates in seawater
Creators: name: Wirth, Marisa Andrea
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 500 Natural sciences
subject: 540 Chemistry & allied sciences

description: Methods for the detection of polar organophosphonates like the herbicide glyphosate and its metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in seawater were developed within this thesis. These compounds are difficult to measure in saltwater because salt matrix ions hamper their enrichment and instrumental analysis. Matrix effects were successfully reduced through sample desalination with electrodialysis. Moreover, glyphosate and AMPA could be enriched from seawater with a salt-insensitive molecularly imprinted polymer. This approach enabled the first detection of glyphosate and AMPA in seawater.
دور التربية البدنية الرياضية المكيفة في تنمية التحصيل الدراسي عند التلاميذ المتخلفين عقلياً The role of Adapted physical education and sports in the development of academic achievement among students mentally retarded
Creators: name: بوخراز محمودي, آسية
name: سخري, عقيلة
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Adapted physical education and sports; academic achievement; mentally retarded children

description: This study aims to highlight the role of Adapted physical education and sports in the development of academic achievement among mentally retarded children. It also aimed to reveal differences in academic achievementamong practitioners and non-practitioners of this type of activity. In this study, the descriptive approach was used to address the subject, and the following results were reached: The practice of physical education and sports has an important role to contribute to the development of academic achievement, psychological readiness and tendencies to learn among students who are mentally retarded to a mild and moderate degree
The XMM Cluster Survey: An independent demonstration of the fidelity of the eFEDS galaxy cluster data products and implications for future studies
Creators: name: Turner, D. J.
name: Giles, P. A.
name: Romer, A. K.
name: Wilkinson, R.
name: Upsdell, E. W.
name: Klein, M.
name: Viana, P. T. P.
name: Hilton, M.
name: Bhargava, S.
name: Collins, C. A.
name: Mann, R. G.
name: Sahlén, M.
name: Stott, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first comparison between properties of clusters of galaxies detected by the eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS) and the XMM Cluster Survey (XCS). We have compared, in an ensemble fashion, properties from the eFEDS X-ray cluster catalogue with those from the Ultimate XMM eXtragaLactic (XXL) survey project (XXL-100-GC). We find the distributions of redshift and X-ray temperature ($T_{\rm X}$) to be broadly similar between the two surveys, with a larger proportion of clusters above 4 keV in the XXL-100-GC sample. We find 62 eFEDS cluster candidates with XMM data (eFEDS-XMM sample); 10 do not have good enough XMM data to confirm or deny, 11 are classed as sample contaminants, and 4 have their X-ray flux contaminated by another source. The majority of eFEDS-XMM sources have a longer exposure in XMM than eFEDS, and the majority of eFEDS positions are within 100 kpc of XCS positions. Our eFEDS-XCS sample of 37 clusters is used to calculate minimum sample contamination fractions of ${\sim}$18% and ${\sim}$9% in the eFEDS X-ray and optically confirmed samples respectively, in general agreement with eFEDS findings. We compare 29 X-ray luminosities ($L_{\rm X}$) measured by eFEDS and XCS, which are in excellent agreement. Eight clusters have a $T_{\rm X}$ measured by XMM and eROSITA, and we find that XMM temperatures are 25$\pm$9% larger than their eROSITA counterparts. Finally, we construct $L_{\rm X}$ - $T_{\rm X}$ scaling relations based on eFEDS and XCS measurements, which are in tension; the tension is decreased when we measure a third scaling relation with calibrated XCS temperatures.
description: 20 pages (13 + 7 appendices), 16 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Linear vortex symmetrization: the spectral density function
Creators: name: Ionescu, Alexandru D.
name: Jia, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate solutions of the 2d incompressible Euler equations, linearized around steady states which are radially decreasing vortices. Our main goal is to understand the smoothness of what we call the spectral density function associated with the linearized operator, which we hope will be a step towards proving full nonlinear asymptotic stability of radially decreasing vortices. The motivation for considering the spectral density function is that it is not possible to describe the vorticity or the stream function in terms of one modulated profile. There are in fact two profiles, both at the level of the physical vorticity and at the level of the stream function. The spectral density function allows us to identify these profiles, and its smoothness leads to pointwise decay of the stream function which is consistent with the decay estimates first proved in Bedrossian-Coti Zelati-Vicol in [5].
description: 64 pages
Additional file 1 of Tools to guide clinical discussions on physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and/or sleep for health promotion between primary care providers and adults accessing care: a scoping review
Creators: name: Morgan, Tamara L.
name: Faught, Emma
name: Ross-White, Amanda
name: Fortier, Michelle S.
name: Duggan, Mary
name: Jain, Rahul
name: Lane, Kirstin N.
name: Lorbergs, Amanda
name: Maclaren, Kaleigh
name: McFadden, Taylor
name: Tomasone, Jennifer R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: PRISMA-ScR checklist.
Women Participation in Nigeria: Does Governance Matter?
Creators: name: Sakanko, Musa Abdullahi
name: Mangut, Dakwal Solomon
Publisher: name: European Journal of Social Impact and Circular Economy
Year: 2020

description: This study examines the effect of governance on women's participation using annual time-series data for 29 years spanning from 1990 - 2019. The ARDL Bounds test discloses the existence of a long-run co-integration relationship between accountability, control of corruption, and effectiveness of government and women participation in the labor force. The empirical results obtained revealed that both in the short-run and long-run accountability and the percentage of female employment have a positive and statistically significant effect on women's participation in Nigeria. Although, both in the short-run and long-run the effectiveness of government shows negative and statistically insignificant, the control of corruption exerted a negative and statistically significant impact both in the short-run and long-run. Therefore, the study recommends that the government at all levels should ensure that accountability prevailed in every sector, to allow fair play in representatives, employment, and diffusion of decisions to strengthen and energized women's participation.
description: European Journal of Social Impact and Circular Economy, Vol. 1 Núm. 2 (2020)
A Comment on Market Structure and Stabilization Policy
Creators: name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Recently, in this REVIEW (J. K. Galbraith, "Market Structure and Stabilization Policy,this REVIEW, XXXIX (May 1957) I24-33)  Professor Galbraith has asserted that in the case of monetary policy the "inflation can be controlled by denying credit to what are, in a general way, the least powerful firms" (page 132). Elsewhere, these least powerful firms are identified as the smaller firms (pages 131, 132, 133), and evidence concerning the distribution of bank loans by size is presented, to indicate that "while the case cannot be proven, there is a strong probability that in the last couple of years the effect of monetary policy has been to ration credit from all sources away from smaller firms in the competitive sector and to larger firms in the oligopolistic sector" (page 133).
A Credit Market Theory of the Money Supply and an Explanation of Two Puzzles in U.S. Monetary Policy
Creators: name: Brunner, Karl
name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Federal Reserve policy in the early postwar years has frequently been described as an "engine of inflation". Continuation of the wartime policy of supporting the government bond market required the central bank to absorb securities sold by the private sector. Given the large stock of government securities left as a residue of wartime finance, the expectation that the support policy would lead to inflation was quite reasonable. The puzzling feature about the period is that substantial inflation did not occur. Instead, the growth rates of the money supply and of the monetary base collapsed shortly after the end of World War II. By 1949, the economy had moved to a position in which the policy problem was one of removing recession and deflation. Despite the continuation of the support policy, prices in 1949 were falling, not rising.
Marine ecosystem indicators are sensitive to ecosystem boundaries and spatial scale
Creators: name: Heim, K.C.
name: Nye, J.A.
name: Warren, J.D.
name: Link, J.S.
name: Thorne, L.H.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2021

description: Time series indicators are widely used in ecosystem-based management. A suite of indicators is typically calculated for a static region or multiple subregions and presented in an ecosystem assessment (EA). These are used to guide management decisions or determine environmental status. Yet, few studies have examined how the spatial scale of an EA influences indicator behavior. We explore this question using the Northwest Atlantic continental shelf ecosystem (USA). We systematically divided the ecosystem at six spatial scales (31 unique units), covering spatial extents from 250,000 km2 to 20,000 km2. The same 22 indicators were calculated for each unit, assessed for trends, and evaluated as 31 independent EAs. We found that the detected signals of indicator trends depended on the spatial scale at which the ecosystem was defined. A single EA for the whole region differed by 23% (in terms of the 22 indicator trend tests) relative to ones for spatially nested 120,000 km2 subunits, and by up to 36% for EAs at smaller scales. Indicator trend disagreement occurred because (most common) a localized trend was perceived as widespread, (common) a local trend was obscured by aggregating data over a large region, or (least common) a local trend switched direction when examined at a broader scale. Yet, there was variation among indicators in their scale sensitivity related to trophic level. Indicators of temperature, chlorophyll-a, and zooplankton were spatially coherent: trends portrayed were similar regardless of scale. Mid-trophic level indicators (fish and invertebrates) showed more spatial variation in trends. We also compared trend magnitude and indicator values to spatial extent and found relationships consistent with scaling theory. Indicators at broad scales produced subdued trends and values relative to indicators developed at smaller spatial scales, which often portrayed ‘hotspots’ of local abundance or strong trend. Our results imply that subsequent uses of indicators (e.g., determining environmental status, risk assessments, management decisions) are also sensitive to ecosystem delineation and scale. We suggest that indicators and EAs should be done at multiple spatial scales and complimented with spatially explicit analysis to reflect the hierarchical structure of ecosystems. One scale is not best, but rather we gain a new level of understanding at each scale examined that can contribute to management decisions in a multiscale governance framework characterized by goals and objectives with relevance at different scales.