Frutillaria triangularis Richards
Creators: name: Kits, Joel H.
name: Marshall, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sphaeroceridae
Frutillaria
Frutillaria triangularis

description: Frutillaria triangularis Richards
(Figs. 53–55, 95, 96, 101, 108)
Frutillaria triangularis Richards, 1964: 44
Description. Length 1.7–2.7 mm (head + thorax 0.7–1.3 mm).
Head dark to reddish brown, anterior part of frons orange, frons entirely covered with microtomentum. Scape and first flagellomere orange, pedicel brown. Clypeus mostly brown, prementum orange-brown.
Thorax black with some reddish areas, particularly postalar callus and scutellum. Wing rudiment brown. Mesoscutum and scutellum entirely covered with microtomentum. Anepisternum mostly covered in microtomentum, with a shiny bare patch medially on ventral 1/3. Katepisternum with two shiny bare patches, one immediately behind coxa and another slightly posterior, the two patches sometimes merged. Meron with a narrow shiny band immediately behind katepisternum, metapleuron entirely covered with microtomentum, laterotergite with a small shiny spot ventrally.
Legs black; joints, trochanters, and tarsi orange, fore coxa reddish brown. Mid femur with 3 (rarely 4–5) anterior bristles.
Male abdomen (Figs. 53–55): Tergites 1–5 and sternites 2–5 covered in microtomentum, hind margin narrowly shiny. Surstylus triangular apically. Postgonites with sinuate margins, bilobed at tip, both lobes fairly short and blunt. Epiphallus not clearly separated from basiphallus. No ring-shaped sclerite present. Distiphallus in side view with 4 areas of sclerotization surrounding a clear central area. Dorsal sclerite with a pair of lateral ridges and a medial dorsal ridge. Lateral arms not developed. Ventral sacs present, clear.
Female abdomen (Figs. 95, 96, 101): Tergite 1–5 and sternites 2–5 covered in microtomentum, hind margin narrowly shiny. Tergite 6 and sternite 6 shiny anteriorly, with microtomentum posteriorly. Tergites 7–8 and sternite 7 mostly shiny. Tergite 8 complete; epiproct parallel-sided with short, broad anterior arms. Cerci covered with microtomentum apically. Sternite 8 with rounded sclerites, hypoproct not sclerotized. Spermathecae with short basal and apical mushroom-shaped invaginations, basal annulated, apical smooth.
Type material. Holotype 3: CHILE: [Biobío:] Concepción, Oca de Bio-Bio, about 37ºS, 24 May 1957, [G. Kuschel] (BMNH, apparently lost).
Material examined. CHILE: Biobío: San Pedro de La Paz, ~ 6km S, Pinus sp. forest, 360 m, 12 Dec 1982 – 2 Jan 1983, A. Newton and M. Thayer (115 3, 95 Ƥ, DEBU, FMNH).
Comments. Although the type specimen is lost, the unique shape of the surstylus and Richards' (1964) illustration of the male terminalia enable recognition of this distinctive species. The type locality, recorded as “Oca de Bio-Bio” by Richards, may refer to the mouth (= boca) of the Biobío River, which is just to the north of Newton and Thayer’s collection site.
description: Published as part of Kits, Joel H. & Marshall, Stephen A., 2011, A revision of Frutillaria Richards and Penola Richards (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae: Archiborborinae), pp. 1-34 in Zootaxa 2863 on page 25, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.203208