cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Genome-wide identification of endogenous viral sequences in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
Creators: name: Boutanaev, Alexander M.
name: Nemchinov, Lev G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. File S1: Endogenous viral sequences identified in tetraploid and diploid genomes of M. sativa
The relaxation matrix for symmetric tops with inversion symmetry. I. Effects of line coupling on self-broadened ν1 and pure rotational bands of NH₃
Creators: name: Ma, Qiancheng
name: Boulet, Christian
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Ammonia--Spectra
Ammonia
Chemistry, Physical and theoretical
Spectral line broadening
Spectral line formation
Spectrum analysis

description: The Robert-Bonamy formalism has been commonly used to calculate half-widths and shifts of spectral lines for decades. This formalism is based on several approximations. Among them, two have not been fully addressed: the isolated line approximation and the neglect of coupling between the translational and internal motions. Recently, we have shown that the isolated line approximation is not necessary in developing semi-classical line shape theories. Based on this progress, we have been able to develop a new formalism that enables not only to reduce uncertainties on calculated half-widths and shifts, but also to model line mixing effects on spectra starting from the knowledge of the intermolecular potential. In our previous studies, the new formalism had been applied to linear and asymmetric-top molecules. In the present study, the method has been extended to symmetric-top molecules with inversion symmetry. As expected, the inversion splitting induces a complete failure of the isolated line approximation. We have calculated the complex relaxation matrices of self-broadened NH₃. The half-widths and shifts in the ν1 and the pure rotational bands are reported in the present paper. When compared with measurements, the calculated half-widths match the experimental data very well, since the inapplicable isolated line approximation has been removed. With respect to the shifts, only qualitative results are obtained and discussed. Calculated off-diagonal elements of the relaxation matrix and a comparison with the observed line mixing effects are reported in the companion paper (Paper II).
Additional file 3 of Genome-wide identification of endogenous viral sequences in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)
Creators: name: Boutanaev, Alexander M.
name: Nemchinov, Lev G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. Figure S1. A, a consensus sequence of the FMV-like EPRVs assembled using SeqMan tool of the DNASTAR software (DNASTAR, Inc. Madison, Wisconsin USA). B, a fragment of the DNASTAR alignment that generated a consensus sequence.
Conlangs as a Goal, Conlangs as a Mean. How to Do Linguistics Inventing Languages
Creators: name: Merlo, Roberto
name: Bettega, Simone
name: Corino, Elisa
Publisher: name: RiCOGNIZIONI. Rivista di Lingue e Letterature straniere e Culture moderne
Year: 2023

description: Made popular by highly successful cinematographic and television productions, in recent years conlangs have made their appearance also in formal linguistic pedagogy. Similar and mostly unrelated initiatives have surfaced around the world with the common aim to increase students’ interest and motivation in the study of linguistics and enhance their metalinguistic awareness and analytical skills. With those same objectives, from 2019 on the Department of Foreign Languages and Literatures and Modern Cultures at the University of Turin offers an 18 hours workshop in Conlangs and Linguistics. We will present here the premises and the structure of the workshop, as well as what could be considered its first results, showing how such an approach can complement “traditional” introductory courses in linguistics.
description: RiCOGNIZIONI. Rivista di Lingue e Letterature straniere e Culture moderne, V. 9 N. 18 (2022)
title: Influence of acquisition parameters on morphometric values obtained from structural magnetic resonance images
Creators: name: Rodríguez Musso, Aimée
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Anatomy
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Segmentation
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Dementia

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Structural MRI (sMRI) of the brain in the clinical environment usually consist in a qualitative analysis, in which the neuroradiologist detects deviations or anomalies by visual inspection. A quantitative analysis can complement the specialist's...
title: Imaging evaluation of pelvic floor: Pictorial review of the most recent recommendations
Creators: name: Costa, Patrícia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: MR
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Pelvis
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Pelvic floor dysfunction

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Review the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) Provide correlation between MRI and clinical findings in patients with PFD Establish the advantages of a structured MRI evaluation in the assessment of patients...
Effective Potential Approach to Quark Ferromagnetization in High Density Quark Matter
Creators: name: Tsue, Y.
name: da Providencia, J.
name: Providencia, C.
name: Yamamura, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A possibility of spontaneous magnetization in high density symmetric quark matter is investigated using the NJL type effective model of QCD by means of an effective potential with respect to an auxiliary field. It is shown that the quark ferromagnetic condensate has non-vanishing value at high baryon density due to the tensor-type four-point interaction between quarks.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Sexual Motivations and Ideals Distinguish Sexual Identities within the Self-Concept: A Multidimensional Scaling Analysis
Creators: name: Sangiorgio, Celeste
name: Reich, Warren A.
name: Vial, Andrea C.
name: Savone, Mirko
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Sex
Intimacy (Psychology)
Gender identity
Sexual attraction

description: Many studies explore when and how young people make sexual choices but few empirical investigations link their sexual motivations with their inner conceptions about their sexual identities. We used multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis to connect young adult participants’ (N = 128) self-descriptions of twelve identities to their sexual motivations and ideals. Identities clustered along two semantically distinct dimensions: Dimension 1 was anchored by family identities on one side and non-family identities on the other; Dimension 2 was anchored on one side by friend/romantic relationships and achievement-based social identities on the other. Those who cited intimacy (e.g., sex as an expression of love) and enhancement (e.g., gratification; to feel good) sexual motivations were more likely to describe their sexual identities and gender identities as distinct from other identities, especially for women. Idealizing physically passionate relationships was positively linked to a higher distinction between sexual and non-sexual identities, and between gender and personal identities and family identities. The mental structuring of identities may inform sexual relationship motives, ideals, and expectations.
Impact of photovoltaic generators and electric vehicles on a weak low voltage distribution grid
Creators: name: Gudivada, Venkata Thulasi Prasad
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: In this thesis, the behaviour of a weak power distribution grid at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC) in the presence of a Photovoltaic (PV) inverter and Electric Vehicles (EV) as loads is analyzed. The grid connected to PV and EV has high impedance. The impact at PCC when the injected power varies in conjunction with the frequency and voltage deviation with a delay in inverter fed power is elaborated. Various measures such as peak shaving, coordinated charging, voltage drop correction have already been developed to mitigate the impact at PCC. These measures are observed on a combined EV and PV setup. In general, the grid tied inverter injects power based on an average grid voltage calculation at stable synchronization with the grid. If an error (for instance, an error in average grid voltage calculation) persists in such a case causing a loss in synchronization between the PV inverter and the grid, then a delay in the power injected may result in an oscillation at the PCC. A simple two bus system is considered to analyze the result of transportation delay. The delay and droop parameters of the PV inverter are altered whose results are quantitatively analyzed. The model abides the grid codes for active power reduction and static voltage support requirements. Further, the impact of a fault along with an inverter delay is analyzed. Simulative analysis is performed in the DIgSILENT PowerFactory software. To reduce the impact at PCC, performance criteria are analyzed whose parameters could be measured and altered. Scenarios are developed to analyze EV‟s impact in the presence and absence of storage and Distributed Generator (DG) that can be extended onto the micro grids.
title: Evaluation of Palpable Scrotal Pathology: Diagnostic Imaging Findings at Ultrasound
Creators: name: Mittal, Pardeep
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Palpable abnormalities are a common indication for scrotal imaging. After reviewing this exhibit, the learners will be able to: 1. Differentiate intra and extratesticular lesions with ultrasound. 2. Organize both benign and malignant differential...
Sustainable Water Management in Urban, Agricultural, and Natural Systems
Creators: name: Russo, Tess A.
name: Alfredo, Katherine A.
name: Fisher, Joshua D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Sustainable development
Sustainability
Water-supply--Management
Water quality management
Irrigation water
Municipal water supply
Water reuse

description: Sustainable water management (SWM) requires allocating between competing water sector demands, and balancing the financial and social resources required to support necessary water systems. The objective of this review is to assess SWM in three sectors: urban, agricultural, and natural systems. This review explores the following questions: (1) How is SWM defined and evaluated? (2) What are the challenges associated with sustainable development in each sector? (3) What are the areas of greatest potential improvement in urban and agricultural water management systems? And (4) What role does country development status have in SWM practices? The methods for evaluating water management practices range from relatively simple indicator methods to integration of multiple models, depending on the complexity of the problem and resources of the investigators. The two key findings and recommendations for meeting SWM objectives are: (1) all forms of water must be considered usable, and reusable, water resources; and (2) increasing agricultural crop water production represents the largest opportunity for reducing total water consumption, and will be required to meet global food security needs. The level of regional development should not dictate sustainability objectives, however local infrastructure conditions and financial capabilities should inform the details of water system design and evaluation.
Can the Reissner-Nordström black hole or Schwarzschild black hole be the stable Planck-scale particle accelerator?
Creators: name: Zhu, Yi
name: Wu, Shao-Feng
name: Jiang, Yin
name: Yang, Guo-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the extremal Reissner-Nordström black hole, the non-extremal one with multiple scattering particles, and the Schwarzschild black hole with radial head-on particles are stable under the collision of the particles near the horizon, if the back-reaction effect and the effect generated by gravity of particles are involved. Moreover, the collision near Reissner-Nordström black holes with astrophysically typical mass can not generate the Planck-scale center-of-mass energy. However, the head-on collision near the typical primordial black hole could just occur at the Planck-energy scale.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, minor changes, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Minimum Variability Time Scales of Long and Short GRBs
Creators: name: MacLachlan, G. A.
name: Shenoy, A.
name: Sonbas, E.
name: Dhuga, K. S.
name: Cobb, B.
name: Ukwatta, T. N.
name: Morris, D. C.
name: Eskandarian, A.
name: Maximon, L. C.
name: Parke, W. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the time variations in the light curves from a sample of long and short Fermi/GBM Gamma ray bursts (GRBs) using an impartial wavelet analysis. The results indicate that in the source frame, the variability time scales for long bursts differ from that for short bursts, that variabilities on the order of a few milliseconds are not uncommon, and that an intriguing relationship exists between the minimum variability time and the burst duration.
description: Accepted for publication by MNRAS on February 7, 2013
Special Issue on “Medical Imaging and Image Processing”
Creators: name: Zhang, Yudong
name: Dong, Zhengchao
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Diagnostic imaging
Imaging systems in medicine
Image processing
Diagnostic imaging--Data processing

description: Over the last decade, Medical Imaging has become an essential component in many fields of bio-medical research and clinical practice. Biologists study cells and generate 3D confocal microscopy data sets, virologists generate 3D reconstructions of viruses from micrographs, radiologists identify and quantify tumors from MRI and CT scans, and neuroscientists detect regional metabolic brain activity from PET and functional MRI scans. On the other hand, Image Processing includes the analysis, enhancement, and display of images captured via various medical imaging technologies. Image reconstruction and modeling techniques allow instant processing of 2D signals to create 3D images. In addition, image processing and analysis can be used to determine the diameter, volume, and vasculature of a tumor or organ, flow parameters of blood or other fluids, and microscopic changes that have not previously been discernible.
Micro-Brillouin spectroscopy mapping of the residual density field induced by Vickers indentation in a soda-lime silicate glass
Creators: name: Tran, H.
name: Clément, S.
name: Vialla, R.
name: Vandembroucq, D.
name: Rufflé, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution Brillouin scattering is used to achieve 3-dimensional maps of the longitudinal acoustic mode frequency shift in soda-lime silicate glasses subject to Vickers indentations. Assuming that residual stress-induced effects are simply proportional to density changes, residual densification fields are obtained. The density gradient is nearly isotropic, confirming earlier optical observations made on a similar glass. The results show that Brillouin micro-spectroscopy opens the way to a fully quantitative comparison of experimental data with predictions of mechanical models for the identification of a constitutive law.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, revised version, to appear in Appl. Phys. Lett
Additional file 1 of Epigenetic regulatory mechanism of ADAMTS12 expression in osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Yang, Shu
name: Zhou, Xuanping
name: Jia, Zhen
name: Zhang, Mali
name: Yuan, Minghao
name: Zhou, Yizhao
name: Wang, Jing
name: Xia, Duo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material
Diurnal Variation and Twenty-Four Hour Sleep Deprivation Do Not Alter Supine Heart Rate Variability in Healthy Male Young Adults
Creators: name: Quintana, Daniel S.
name: Elvsåshagen, Torbjørn
name: Zak, Nathalia
name: Norbom, Linn B.
name: Pedersen, Per Ø.
name: Quraishi, Sophia H.
name: Bjørnerud, Atle
name: Malt, Ulrik F.
name: Groote, Inge R.
name: Kaufmann, Tobias
name: Andreassen, Ole A.
name: Westlye, Lars T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Drowsiness
subject: Heart beat
subject: Sleep deprivation--Physiological effect
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine

description: Heart rate variability (HRV) has become an increasingly popular index of cardiac autonomic control in the biobehavioral sciences due to its relationship with mental illness and cognitive traits. However, the intraindividual stability of HRV in response to sleep and diurnal disturbances, which are commonly reported in mental illness, and its relationship with executive function are not well understood. Here, in 40 healthy adult males we calculated high frequency HRV—an index of parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity—using pulse oximetry during brain imaging, and assessed attentional and executive function performance in a subsequent behavioral test session at three time points: morning, evening, and the following morning. Twenty participants were randomly selected for total sleep deprivation whereas the other 20 participants slept as normal. Sleep deprivation and morning-to-night variation did not influence high frequency HRV at either a group or individual level; however, sleep deprivation abolished the relationship between orienting attention performance and HRV. We conclude that a day of wake and a night of laboratory-induced sleep deprivation do not alter supine high frequency HRV in young healthy male adults.
title: Normal looking abnormal brain: Review areas in routine practice.
Creators: name: Kanumukullakshminarayana, Surendra
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Emergency
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: PACS
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Observer performance
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Trauma
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To understand the anatomy of the review areas where pathological findings are commonly missed. To illustrate the subtle radiological findings commonly misinterpreted by junior doctors and registers. To discuss the appropriate steps in systematic...
“It Makes You Feel Like Someone Cares” acceptability of a financial incentive intervention for HIV viral suppression in the HPTN 065 (TLC-Plus) study
Creators: name: Greene, Elizabeth
name: Pack, Allison
name: Stanton, Jill
name: Shelus, Victoria
name: Tolley, Elizabeth E.
name: Taylor, Jamilah
name: El-Sadr, Wafaa Mahmoud
name: Branson, Bernard M.
name: Leider, Jason
name: Rakhmanina, Natella
name: Gamble, Theresa
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: HIV-positive persons--Services for--Finance
Health services administration
Antiretroviral agents
HIV infections--Treatment
Public health

description: Background

HPTN 065 (TLC-Plus) evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of providing quarterly $70 gift card financial incentives to HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) to encourage ART adherence and viral suppression, and represents the largest study to-date of a financial incentive intervention for HIV viral suppression. A post-trial qualitative substudy was undertaken to examine acceptability of the financial incentives among those receiving and implementing the intervention.

Methods

Between July and October 2013, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 72 patients and 12 investigators from 14 sites; three focus groups were conducted with 12 staff from 10 sites. Qualitative data collection elicited experiences with and attitudes about the intervention, including philosophical viewpoints and implementation experiences. Transcripts were analyzed in NVivo 10. Memos and matrices were developed to explore themes from different participant group perspectives.

Results

Patients, investigators, and staff found the intervention highly acceptable, primarily due to the emotional benefits gained through giving or receiving the incentive. Feeling rewarded or cared for was a main value perceived by patients; this was closely tied to the financial benefit for some. Other factors influencing acceptability for all included perceived effectiveness and health-related benefits, philosophical concerns about the use of incentives for health behavior change, and implementation issues. The termination of the incentive at the end of the study was disappointing to participants and unexpected by some, but generally accepted.

Conclusion

Positive experiences with the financial incentive intervention and strategies used to facilitate implementation led to high acceptability of the intervention, despite some reluctance in principle to the use of incentives. The findings of this analysis provide encouraging evidence in support of the acceptability of a large-scale financial incentive intervention for HIV viral suppression in a clinical setting, and offer valuable lessons for future applications of similar interventions.
Additional file 1 of Maximizing genetic representation in seed collections from populations of self and cross-pollinated banana wild relatives
Creators: name: Kallow, Simon
name: Panis, Bart
name: Vu, Dang Toan
name: Vu, Tuong Dang
name: Paofa, Janet
name: Mertens, Arne
name: Swennen, Rony
name: Janssens, Steven B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Methods.
title: Magnetic resonance of cervical cancer: relevance of T2-weighted imaging and apparent diffusion coefficient in predicting parametrial invasion
Creators: name: Sghedoni, Barbara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Pelvis
subject: MR
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Uterine cervical cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy and the second most common cancer in women worldwide in terms of incidence and mortality [1, 2]. Cervical carcinoma is staged in accordance with revised Classification of the...
GWAS for serum galactose-deficient IgA1 implicates critical genes of the O-glycosylation pathway
Creators: name: Kiryluk, Krzysztof
name: Li, Yifu
name: Moldoveanu, Zina
name: Suzuki, Hitoshi
name: Reily, Colin
name: Hou, Ping
name: Xie, Jingyuan
name: Mladkova, Nikol
name: Prakash, Sindhuri
name: Fischman, Clara
name: Shapiro, Samantha
name: LeDesma, Robert A.
name: Bradbury, Drew
name: Ionita-Laza, Iuliana
name: Eitner, Frank
name: Rauen, Thomas
name: Maillard, Nicolas
name: Berthoux, Francois
name: Floege, Jürgen
name: Chen, Nan
name: Zhang, Hong
name: Scolari, Francesco
name: Julian, Bruce A.
name: Wyatt, Robert J.
name: Gharavi, Ali G.
name: Novak, Jan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Glycosylation
IgA glomerulonephritis
Kidneys--Diseases
Molecular biology
Biochemistry
Medicine

description: Aberrant O-glycosylation of serum immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) represents a heritable pathogenic defect in IgA nephropathy, the most common form of glomerulonephritis worldwide, but specific genetic factors involved in its determination are not known. We performed a quantitative GWAS for serum levels of galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) in 2,633 subjects of European and East Asian ancestry and discovered two genome-wide significant loci, in C1GALT1 (rs13226913, P = 3.2 x 10−11) and C1GALT1C1 (rs5910940, P = 2.7 x 10−8). These genes encode molecular partners essential for enzymatic O-glycosylation of IgA1. We demonstrated that these two loci explain approximately 7% of variability in circulating Gd-IgA1 in Europeans, but only 2% in East Asians. Notably, the Gd-IgA1-increasing allele of rs13226913 is common in Europeans, but rare in East Asians. Moreover, rs13226913 represents a strong cis-eQTL for C1GALT1 that encodes the key enzyme responsible for the transfer of galactose to O-linked glycans on IgA1. By in vitro siRNA knock-down studies, we confirmed that mRNA levels of both C1GALT1 and C1GALT1C1 determine the rate of secretion of Gd-IgA1 in IgA1-producing cells. Our findings provide novel insights into the genetic regulation of O-glycosylation and are relevant not only to IgA nephropathy, but also to other complex traits associated with O-glycosylation defects, including inflammatory bowel disease, hematologic disease, and cancer.
Radiation from a D-dimensional collision of shock waves: higher order set up and perturbation theory validity
Creators: name: Coelho, Flávio S.
name: Herdeiro, Carlos
name: Rebelo, Carmen
name: Sampaio, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The collision of two D-dimensional, ultra-relativistic particles, described in General Relativity as Aichelberg-Sexl shock waves, is inelastic. In first order perturbation theory, the fraction of the initial centre of mass energy radiated away was recently shown to be 1/2 - 1/D. Here, we extend the formalism to higher orders in perturbation theory, and derive a general expression to extract the inelasticity, valid non-perturbatively, based on the Bondi mass loss formula. Then, to clarify why perturbation theory captures relevant physics of a strong field process in this problem, we provide one variation of the problem where the perturbative framework breaks down: the collision of ultra-relativistic charged particles. The addition of charge, and the associated repulsive nature of the source, originates an extra radiation burst, which we argue to be an artifact of the perturbative framework, veiling the relevant physics.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures; v2: matches version to Appear in Phys. Rev. D
Mindboggling morphometry of human brains
Creators: name: Klein, Arno
name: Ghosh, Satrajit S.
name: Bao, Forrest S.
name: Giard, Joachim
name: Häme, Yrjö
name: Stavsky, Eliezer
name: Lee, Noah
name: Rossa, Brian
name: Neto, Elias Chaibub
name: Keshavan, Anisha
name: Reuter, Martin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biomedical engineering
subject: Imaging systems in biology
subject: Brain--Imaging
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mindboggle (http://mindboggle.info) is an open source brain morphometry platform that takes in preprocessed T1-weighted MRI data and outputs volume, surface, and tabular data containing label, feature, and shape information for further analysis. In this article, we document the software and demonstrate its use in studies of shape variation in healthy and diseased humans. The number of different shape measures and the size of the populations make this the largest and most detailed shape analysis of human brains ever conducted. Brain image morphometry shows great potential for providing much-needed biological markers for diagnosing, tracking, and predicting progression of mental health disorders. Very few software algorithms provide more than measures of volume and cortical thickness, while more subtle shape measures may provide more sensitive and specific biomarkers. Mindboggle computes a variety of (primarily surface-based) shapes: area, volume, thickness, curvature, depth, Laplace-Beltrami spectra, Zernike moments, etc. We evaluate Mindboggle’s algorithms using the largest set of manually labeled, publicly available brain images in the world and compare them against state-of-the-art algorithms where they exist. All data, code, and results of these evaluations are publicly available.
Additional file 1 of Early morning off in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a Chinese nationwide study and a 7-question screening scale
Creators: name: Han, Chao
name: Mao, Wei
name: An, Jing
name: Jiao, Lifei
name: Chan, Piu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1 TableS1. Patient questionnaire on common motor and non-motor symptoms.
title: Radiological approach to thoracic immune-related adverse events in cancer treatment
Creators: name: Benegas Urteaga, Mariana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Toxicity
subject: Complications
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Thorax
subject: Oncology
subject: Lung

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To know thoracic complications related to immune-checkpoint inhibitors therapy, termed immune-related adverse events (irAEs). To describe radiologic manifestations of the irAEs in the lung. To provide an easy and schematic diagnostic approach to...
Ursolic Acid-Regulated Energy Metabolism—Reliever or Propeller of Ultraviolet-Induced Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage?
Creators: name: Lee, Yuan-Hao
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Hormone receptors
Oxidative stress
Ultraviolet radiation--Physiological effect
Oncology
Cataract

description: Ultraviolet (UV) light is a leading cause of diseases, such as skin cancers and cataracts. A main process mediating UV-induced pathogenesis is the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excessive ROS levels induce the formation of DNA adducts (e.g., pyrimidine dimers) and result in stalled DNA replication forks. In addition, ROS promotes phosphorylation of tyrosine kinase-coupled hormone receptors and alters downstream energy metabolism. With respect to the risk of UV-induced photocarcinogenesis and photodamage, the antitumoral and antioxidant functions of natural compounds become important for reducing UV-induced adverse effects. One important question in the field is what determines the differential sensitivity of various types of cells to UV light and how exogenous molecules, such as phytochemicals, protect normal cells from UV-inflicted damage while potentiating tumor cell death, presumably via interaction with intracellular target molecules and signaling pathways. Several endogenous molecules have emerged as possible players mediating UV-triggered DNA damage responses. Specifically, UV activates the PIKK (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase) family members, which include DNA-PKcs, ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin), whose signaling can be affected by energy metabolism; however, it remains unclear to what extent the activation of hormone receptors regulates PIKKs and whether this crosstalk occurs in all types of cells in response to UV. This review focuses on proteomic descriptions of the relationships between cellular photosensitivity and the phenotypic expression of the insulin/insulin-like growth receptor. It covers the cAMP-dependent pathways, which have recently been shown to regulate the DNA repair machinery through interactions with the PIKK family members. Finally, this review provides a strategic illustration of how UV-induced mitogenic activity is modulated by the insulin sensitizer, ursolic acid (UA), which results in the metabolic adaptation of normal cells against UV-induced ROS, and the metabolic switch of tumor cells subject to UV-induced damage. The multifaceted natural compound, UA, specifically inhibits photo-oxidative DNA damage in retinal pigment epithelial cells while enhancing that in skin melanoma. Considering the UA-mediated differential effects on cell bioenergetics, this article reviews the disparities in glucose metabolism between tumor and normal cells, along with (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α)-dependent mitochondrial metabolism and redox (reduction-oxidation) control to demonstrate UA-induced synthetic lethality in tumor cells.
Additional file 4 of Early morning off in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a Chinese nationwide study and a 7-question screening scale
Creators: name: Han, Chao
name: Mao, Wei
name: An, Jing
name: Jiao, Lifei
name: Chan, Piu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4 TableS4. Investigators of the China Early Morning Off Study Group.
Generalizability of SPRINT Results to the U.S. Adult Population
Creators: name: Bress, Adam P.
name: Tanner, Rikki M.
name: Hess, Rachel
name: Colantonio, Lisandro D.
name: Shimbo, Daichi
name: Muntner, Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Healing
Cardiovascular system--Diseases
Systolic blood pressure
Public health

description: Background

In SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial), a systolic blood pressure (SBP) goal of <120 mm Hg resulted in lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk compared with an SBP goal of	<140 mm Hg.

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence, number, and characteristics of U.S. adults meeting SPRINT eligibility criteria and determine the broader population to whom SPRINT could be generalized.

Methods

We conducted a cross-sectional, population-based study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2007 to 2012. The SPRINT inclusion criteria were age ≥50 years, SBP 130 to 180 mm Hg depending on the number of antihypertensive medication classes being taken, and high CVD risk (history of coronary heart disease, estimated glomerular filtration rate of 20 to 59 ml/min/1.73 m2, 10-year CVD risk ≥15%, or age ≥75 years). Exclusion criteria were diabetes, history of stroke, >1 g in 24 h of proteinuria daily, heart failure, estimated glomerular filtration rate <20 ml/min/1.73 m2, or receiving dialysis. Treated hypertension was defined by self-reported use of medication to lower blood pressure with ≥1 class of antihypertensive medication identified through a pill bottle review.

Results

Overall, 7.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.0% to 8.3%) or 16.8 million (95% CI: 15.7 to 17.8 million) U.S. adults, and 16.7% (95% CI: 15.2% to 18.3%) or 8.2 million (95% CI: 7.6 to 8.8 million) adults with treated hypertension met the SPRINT eligibility criteria. Among both the overall U.S. population and adults with treated hypertension, the percentage meeting SPRINT eligibility criteria increased with older age, was higher among males than females, and was higher among non-Hispanic whites compared with non-Hispanic blacks or Hispanics. Of U.S. adults eligible for SPRINT, 51.0% (95% CI: 47.8% to 54.1%) or 8.6 million (95% CI: 8.0 to 9.1 million) were not treated for hypertension.

Conclusions

A substantial percentage of U.S. adults meet the eligibility criteria for SPRINT.
Adiabatic quantum algorithm for search engine ranking
Creators: name: Garnerone, Silvano
name: Zanardi, Paolo
name: Lidar, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an adiabatic quantum algorithm for generating a quantum pure state encoding of the PageRank vector, the most widely used tool in ranking the relative importance of internet pages. We present extensive numerical simulations which provide evidence that this algorithm can prepare the quantum PageRank state in a time which, on average, scales polylogarithmically in the number of webpages. We argue that the main topological feature of the underlying web graph allowing for such a scaling is the out-degree distribution. The top ranked $\log(n)$ entries of the quantum PageRank state can then be estimated with a polynomial quantum speedup. Moreover, the quantum PageRank state can be used in "q-sampling" protocols for testing properties of distributions, which require exponentially fewer measurements than all classical schemes designed for the same task. This can be used to decide whether to run a classical update of the PageRank.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures; closer to published version
title: Malignant pancreatic cystic lesions – is the imaging diagnosis accurate?
Creators: name: Dijmarescu, Adrian
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Education
subject: Comparative studies
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The present paper aims: to list and illustrate the most important imaging features of malignant pancreatic cystic lesions (PCL), and to discuss the differential diagnosis of these...
The epigenetic mechanism of mechanically induced osteogenic differentiation
Creators: name: Arnsdorf, Emily J.
name: Tummala, Padmaja
name: Castillo, Alesha B.
name: Zhang, Fan
name: Jacobs, Christopher Rae
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biomechanics

description: Epigenetic regulation of gene expression occurs due to alterations in chromatin proteins that do not change DNA sequence, but alter the chromatin architecture and the accessibility of genes, resulting in changes to gene expression that are preserved during cell division. Through this process genes are switched on or off in a more durable fashion than other transient mechanisms of gene regulation, such as transcription factors. Thus, epigenetics is central to cellular differentiation and stem cell linage commitment. One such mechanism is DNA methylation, which is associated with gene silencing and is involved in a cellâ€™s progression towards a specific fate. Mechanical signals are a crucial regulator of stem cell behavior and important in tissue differentiation; however, there has been no demonstration of a mechanism whereby mechanics can affect gene regulation at the epigenetic level. In this study, we identified candidate DNA methylation sites in the promoter regions of three osteogenic genes from bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We demonstrate that mechanical stimulation alters their epigenetic state by reducing DNA methylation and show an associated increase in expression. We contrast these results with biochemically induced differentiation and distinguish expression changes associated with durable epigenetic regulation from those likely to be due to transient changes in regulation. This is an important advance in stem cell mechanobiology as it is the first demonstration of a mechanism by which the mechanical micro-environment is able to induce epigenetic changes that control osteogenic cell fate, and that can be passed to daughter cells. This is a first step to understanding that will be vital to successful bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, where continued expression of a desired long-term phenotype is crucial.
Empirical process modeling of the acid catalyzed steam pretreatment of radiata and lodgepole pine
Creators: name: Olsen, Colin Andreas Dupont
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Ethanol, an alternative liquid fuel, can be produced from sugars derived from lignocellulosic biomass in a bioconversion process that involves pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation. Among the different types of biomass investigated for bioconversion, softwoods are readily available in Canada, the US, and Scandinavia. Acid catalyzed steam pretreatment is a preferred method for softwoods due to its ability to effectively recover hemicellulose-derived sugars at moderate operating conditions. More severe conditions are generally required to produce a substrate readily hydrolyzed by enzymes, but because sugar degradation also occurs at these conditions, steam pretreatment is essentially a compromise. Prediction of sugar recoveries from steam pretreated and enzymatically hydrolyzed softwood is desirable for the purposes of process control and steam pretreatment reactor design. In this thesis, efforts were made to determine whether response surface methodology or the thermal severity factors Ro and CS were better suited to the development of empirical models of steam pretreatment. The construction of the thermal severity factor models highlighted the predominance of temperature and time in determining the direct outcomes of the acid catalyzed steam pretreatment of radiata pine. Within a comparison of several response surface methodology models, a hybrid experimental design produced the most robust model because it was developed in conjunction with a narrow process space. Moreover, it was apparent that the response surface methodology models possessed the greater capacity for predicting the direct outcomes of steam pretreatment. In an attempt to overcome limitations identified in the first portion of this thesis, the predictive capability of response surface methodology was further tested using lodgepole pine ranging in chip size and moisture content. The additional model created demonstrated that response surface methodology could successfully account for feedstock characteristics as well as steam pretreatment operating conditions. Moisture content, but not chip size, was shown to have a significant influence on the combined sugar recovery obtained after SO2 catalyzed steam pretreatment and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. In addition, model development was conducted in this portion of the thesis such that the model could form the basis of a more dynamic simulation of the entire softwood to bioethanol process.
Additional file 1 of The Norwegian PROMIS-29: psychometric validation in the general population for Norway
Creators: name: Garratt, Andrew M.
name: Coste, Joël
name: Rouquette, Alexandra
name: Valderas, José M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. PROMIS-29 item characteristic curves.
A Comprehensive View of a Strongly Lensed Planck-Associated Submillimeter Galaxy
Creators: name: Fu, Hai
name: Jullo, E.
name: Cooray, A.
name: Bussmann, R. S.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Perez-Fournon, I.
name: Djorgovski, S. G.
name: Scoville, N.
name: Yan, L.
name: Riechers, D. A.
name: Aguirre, J.
name: Auld, R.
name: Baes, M.
name: Baker, A. J.
name: Bradford, M.
name: Cava, A.
name: Clements, D. L.
name: Dannerbauer, H.
name: Dariush, A.
name: De Zotti, G.
name: Dole, H.
name: Dunne, L.
name: Dye, S.
name: Eales, S.
name: Frayer, D.
name: Gavazzi, R.
name: Gurwell, M.
name: Harris, A. I.
name: Herranz, D.
name: Hopwood, R.
name: Hoyos, C.
name: Ibar, E.
name: Jarvis, M. J.
name: Kim, S.
name: Leeuw, L.
name: Lupu, R.
name: Maddox, S.
name: Martinez-Navajas, P.
name: Michalowski, M. J.
name: Negrello, M.
name: Omont, A.
name: Rosenman, M.
name: Scott, D.
name: Serjeant, S.
name: Smail, I.
name: Swinbank, A. M.
name: Valiante, E.
name: Verma, A.
name: Vieira, J.
name: Wardlow, J. L.
name: van der Werf, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-resolution maps of stars, dust, and molecular gas in a strongly lensed submillimeter galaxy (SMG) at z = 3.259. HATLAS12--00 is selected from the Herschel-Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS) as a strong lens candidate mainly based on its unusually high 500um flux density (~300 mJy). It is the only high-redshift Planck detection in the 130 deg^2 H-ATLAS Phase 1 area. Keck Adaptive Optics images reveal a quadruply imaged galaxy in the K-band while the Submillimeter Array and the Extended Very Large Array show doubly imaged 880um and CO(1-0) sources, indicating differentiated distributions of the various components in the galaxy. In the source plane, the stars reside in three major kpc-scale clumps extended over ~1.6 kpc, the dust in a compact (~1 kpc) region ~3 kpc north of the stars, and the cold molecular gas in an extended (~7 kpc) disk ~5 kpc northeast of the stars. The emission from the stars, dust, and gas are magnified by ~17, 8, and 7 times, respectively, by four lensing galaxies at z ~ 1. Intrinsically, the lensed galaxy is a warm (T_dust ~ 40-65 K), hyper-luminous (L_IR ~ 1.7e13 Lsun; SFR ~ 2000 Msun/yr), gas-rich (M_gas/M_baryon ~ 70%), young (M_stellar/SFR ~ 20 Myr), and short-lived (M_gas/SFR ~ 40 Myr) starburst, without a significant active galactic nucleus. With physical properties similar to unlensed z > 2 SMGs, HATLAS12--00 offers a detailed view of a typical SMG through a powerful cosmic microscope.
description: ApJ accepted version. Minor revisions. 12 pages, 4 figures, emulateapj style
title: Radiologic Approach to Erectile Dysfunction. Main causes, diagnosis and therapeutic options in interventional radiology.
Creators: name: Periáñez, Javier
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Education and training
subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Venous access
subject: Embolisation
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound-Power Doppler
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Catheter venography
subject: Vascular
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Learn about erectile dysfunction. Pathophysiology, symptoms and main causes. Stimulated Color Doppler ultrasound diagnostic criteria. Arteriogenic erectile dysfunction, veno-occlusive erectile dynfunction , mixed aetiology and false venous-leak....