cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Impact of Surface Preparation Prior to ALD-Al2O3 for PERC Type Solar Cell
Creators: name: Rothschild, A.
name: Toman, J.
name: Penaud, J.
name: Jaffrennou, P.
name: Choulat, P.
name: Cornagliotti, E.
name: Récaman Payo, M.
name: Pawlak, B.J.
name: Das, J.
name: Uruena, A.
name: Singh, S.
name: Horzel, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1974-1977
description: ALD processes are very surface sensitive and therefore surface preparation prior to ALD deposition of any
passivation layer is a key parameter to control the interface properties of the c-Si/passivation layer. Previous studies on
ALD-Al2O3 backside passivation, reported that hydrophilic (-OH) surfaces prior to ALD are preferred over hydrophobic
(-H) ones due to the improved nucleation that they generate and to the thermodynamic stability that they bring up [1].
Amongst various hydrophilic cleans, it has recently been demonstrated that HNO3 based cleans [2] offer some potential
as oxidizing chemistry prior to ALD-Al2O3 deposition for backside passivation of PERC type solar cells.
In this work, we demonstrate that HNO3 based clean can be further improved and that HNO3 and O3 based cleans are
both potential candidates for surface preparation prior to ALD-Al2O3 deposition, within an industrial PERC type process
flow. For both type of cleans, average cell efficiencies up to 19.4% were reported for 60 Ohm/sq emitter and screen
printed Ag contacts.
Jeans type analysis of chemotactic collapse
Creators: name: Chavanis, Pierre-Henri
name: Sire, Clement
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a linear dynamical stability analysis of a general hydrodynamic model of chemotactic aggregation [Chavanis & Sire, Physica A, in press (2007)]. Specifically, we study the stability of an infinite and homogeneous distribution of cells against "chemotactic collapse". We discuss the analogy between the chemotactic collapse of biological populations and the gravitational collapse (Jeans instability) of self-gravitating systems. Our hydrodynamic model involves a pressure force which can take into account several effects like anomalous diffusion or the fact that the organisms cannot interpenetrate. We also take into account the degradation of the chemical which leads to a shielding of the interaction like for a Yukawa potential. Finally, our hydrodynamic model involves a friction force which quantifies the importance of inertial effects. In the strong friction limit, we obtain a generalized Keller-Segel model similar to the generalized Smoluchowski-Poisson system describing self-gravitating Langevin particles. For small frictions, we obtain a hydrodynamic model of chemotaxis similar to the Euler-Poisson system describing a self-gravitating barotropic gas. We show that an infinite and homogeneous distribution of cells is unstable against chemotactic collapse when the "velocity of sound" in the medium is smaller than a critical value. We study in detail the linear development of the instability and determine the range of unstable wavelengths, the growth rate of the unstable modes and the damping rate, or the pulsation frequency, of the stable modes as a function of the friction parameter and shielding length. For specific equations of state, we express the stability criterion in terms of the density of cells.
Electrochemical Front-Side Metallization of Multi-Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells After Laser Ablation of SiNx:H
Creators: name: Focsa, A.
name: Poulain, G.
name: Blanc-Pélissier, D.
name: Couvreur, L.
name: Nychyporuk, T.
name: Gauthier, M.
name: Le Quang, N.
name: Lemiti, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1655-1659
description: The purpose of this work is electrochemical front-side emitter metallization on multi-crystalline silicon
(mc-Si) without alignment steps. Selective laser ablation of the silicon nitride (SiNx:H) anti-reflection and
passivation coating was performed prior to metallization. The laser used was a frequency tripled Nd:YAG laser with
a Gaussian profile, a wavelength of 355 nm and a pulse duration of 10 ns. Selective ablation of SiNx:H was
optimized in order to avoid damage to the silicon surface. The optimal laser fluence was of the order of 0.4 J/cm2. An
electroless nickel-phosphorous layer (140 - 200 nm) was used as a seed-layer and samples were thermally annealed at
380°C for 2 min to induce silicide formation. The thickening of the Ni contact by Ag has been done by light-induced
plating (LIP). Silver thickness was between 5 and 8 μm in order to optimize the fill factor. The best measured
efficiency achieved on 200μm thick p-type mc-Si solar cell (area 4.7cm2) was 15.1% with a fill factor of 74.8%. In
this case, the Ni seed-layer thickness was 150 nm and the Ag layer was 5.1μm thick. Suns-Voc measurement applied
to our cells shows a 15.5% efficiency assuming a FF of 76.7%. The limiting factors, as well as possible
improvements using cells with screen printing back-side Al BSF, are discussed.
Optimal Separable Algorithms to Compute the Reverse Euclidean Distance Transformation and Discrete Medial Axis in Arbitrary Dimension
Creators: name: Coeurjolly, David
name: Montanvert, Annick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In binary images, the distance transformation (DT) and the geometrical skeleton extraction are classic tools for shape analysis. In this paper, we present time optimal algorithms to solve the reverse Euclidean distance transformation and the reversible medial axis extraction problems for $d$-dimensional images. We also present a $d$-dimensional medial axis filtering process that allows us to control the quality of the reconstructed shape.
The Effects of Multiple Modes and Reduced Symmetry on the Rapidity and Robustness of Slow Contraction
Creators: name: Ijjas, Anna
name: Pretorius, Frans
name: Steinhardt, Paul J.
name: Sullivan, Andrew P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the rapidity and robustness of slow contraction in homogenizing and flattening the universe found in simulations in which the initial conditions were restricted to non-perturbative variations described by a single fourier mode along only a single spatial direction are in general enhanced if the initial variations are along two spatial directions, include multiple modes, and thereby have reduced symmetry. Particularly significant are shear effects that only become possible when variations are allowed along two or more spatial dimensions. Based on the numerical results, we conjecture that the counterintuitive enhancement occurs because more degrees of freedom are activated which drive spacetime away from an unstable Kasner fixed point and towards the stable Friedmann-Robertson-Walker fixed point.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Asymmetric Fermi superfluid with different atomic species in a harmonic trap
Creators: name: Pao, C. -H.
name: Wu, shin-Tza
name: Yip, S. -K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dilute fermion gas with pairing between two species and unequal concentrations in a harmonic trap using the mean field theory and the local density approximation. We found that the system can exhibit a superfluid shell structure sandwiched by the normal fermions. This superfluid shell structure occurs if the mass ratio is larger then certain critical value which increases from the weak-coupling BCS region to the strong-coupling BEC side. In the strong coupling BEC regime, the radii of superfluid phase are less sensitive to the mass ratios and are similar to the case of pairing with equal masses. However, the lighter leftover fermions are easier to mix with the superfluid core than the heavier ones. A partially polarized superfluid can be found if the majority fermions are lighter, whereas phase separation is still found if they are heavier.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Taxonomy of academic plagiarism methods
Creators: name: Vrbanec, Tedo
name: Mestrovic, Ana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The article gives an overview of the plagiarism domain, with focus on academic plagiarism. The article defines plagiarism, explains the origin of the term, as well as plagiarism related terms. It identifies the extent of the plagiarism domain and then focuses on the plagiarism subdomain of text documents, for which it gives an overview of current classifications and taxonomies and then proposes a more comprehensive classification according to several criteria: their origin and purpose, technical implementation, consequence, complexity of detection and according to the number of linguistic sources. The article suggests the new classification of academic plagiarism, describes sorts and methods of plagiarism, types and categories, approaches and phases of plagiarism detection, the classification of methods and algorithms for plagiarism detection. The title of the article explicitly targets the academic community, but it is sufficiently general and interdisciplinary, so it can be useful for many other professionals like software developers, linguists and librarians.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Healthcare costs before and after stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation who initiated treatment with rivaroxaban or warfarin
Creators: name: Milentijevic, Dejan
name: Lin, Jennifer H.
name: Yen-Wen Chen
name: Kogan, Emily
name: Shubham Shrivastava
name: Sjoeland, Erik
name: Alberts, Mark
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Rivaroxaban reduces stroke compared with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This study compared healthcare costs before and after stroke in NVAF patients treated with rivaroxaban or warfarin. Using de-identified IBM MarketScan Commercial and Medicare databases, this retrospective cohort study (from 2011 to 2019) included patients with NVAF who initiated rivaroxaban or warfarin within 30 days after initial NVAF diagnosis. Patients who developed stroke were identified, and stroke severity was determined by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, imputed by a random forest method. Total all-cause per-patient per-year (PPPY) costs of care were determined for patients: (1) who developed stroke during the pre- and post-stroke periods and (2) who remained stroke-free during the follow-up period. Treatment groups were balanced using inverse probability of treatment weighting. A total of 13,599 patients initiated rivaroxaban and 39,861 initiated warfarin, of which 272 (2.0%) and 1,303 (3.3%), respectively, developed stroke during a mean follow-up of 28 months. Among patients who developed stroke, PPPY costs increased from the pre-stroke to post-stroke period, with greater increases in the warfarin cohort relative to the rivaroxaban cohort. Overall, the costs increased by 1.78-fold for rivaroxaban vs 3.07-fold for warfarin; for less severe strokes (NIHSS < 5), costs increased 0.88-fold and 1.05-fold, respectively. Cost increases for more severe strokes (NIHSS ≥ 5) among rivaroxaban patients were half those for warfarin patients (3.19-fold vs 6.37-fold, respectively). Among patients without stroke, costs were similar during the follow-up period between the two treatment groups. Total all-cause costs of care increased in the post-stroke period, and particularly in the patients treated with warfarin relative to those treated with rivaroxaban. The lower rate of stroke in the rivaroxaban cohort suggests that greater pre- to post-stroke cost increases result from more strokes occurring in the warfarin cohort.
A new characterization of Baire class 1 functions
Creators: name: Ros, L. Motto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E15, 54H05

description: We give a new characterization of the Baire class 1 functions (defined on an ultrametric space) by proving that they are exactly the pointwise limits of sequences of full functions (which are particularly simple Lipschitz functions). Moreover we highlight the link between the two classical stratifications of the Borel functions by showing that the Baire class functions of some level are exactly those obtained as uniform limits of sequences of Delta functions (of a corresponding level).
description: 16 pages; corrected typos and affiliation
Economic burden to commercial payers of young adults with schizophrenia in Colorado
Creators: name: Pesa, Jacqueline
name: Patel, Charmi
name: Rotter, David
name: Papademetriou, Eros
name: Potluri, Ravi
name: Benson, Carmela
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: The primary objective was to examine direct costs and health resource utilization (HRU) among commercially insured young adults with schizophrenia (SCZ) in Colorado. The Colorado All-Payer Claims Database, covering approximately 76% of the insured Colorado population was used. Members aged 18–34, with and without SCZ, having commercial insurance were included. All-cause, mental health (MH) related and non-MH related per patient per month (PPPM) costs and per hundred patients per month (PHPPM) HRU were compared between an SCZ cohort and a propensity score matched non-SCZ cohort before and after index date up to 48 months. Five hundred and one patients with SCZ and 2,510 matched individuals without SCZ were included. HRU and costs were higher for SCZ patients both pre- and post-index date. Pre-index, there were 32.3 (24.0 MH; 8.4 non-MH) PHPPM more office visits; 2.1 (2.7 MH) PHPPM more admissions; 104.8 (67.02 MH; 37.7 non-MH) PHPPM more prescriptions in the SCZ cohort (all pppp This study was based on data from a single state, thus may not be generalizable to other states. Healthcare costs and HRU for young adults diagnosed with SCZ are significantly more burdensome to commercial payers than matched patients without SCZ, both before and after an official SCZ diagnosis.
Ion Implant Doping for n-Type Cz High Efficiency Industrial Boron Emitter Solar Cells with Single Activation Process
Creators: name: Lanterne, A.
name: Veschetti, Y.
name: Cabal, R.
name: Gall, S.
name: Ramappa, D.
name: Sheoran, M.
name: Emsley, M.
name: Tauzin, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1897-1900
description: Since the benefits of ion implantation have been demonstrated for photovoltaic industry many processes using this
doping technique have been studied. Implant doping method provides a low $/W solution by enhancing cell
performance while enabling a low cost of ownership (CoO) solution. Implant doping is considered here, for the
fabrication of solar cells on 239 cm² n-type Cz silicon substrates with a boron front emitter and a phosphorus BSF.
The low $/W advantage of this doping scheme is the simplification of the process flow from 12 steps for a standard
gaseous diffusion process to 8 steps with implantation method. Our work was focused on optimizing a co-annealing
process for boron and phosphorus implanted regions. Our preliminary experiments have resulted in the fabrication of
18.5% efficiency solar cells. Detailed characterizations of these cells show that the efficiency is presently being
limited by the FF. Further characterization and optimization are in progress with the objective of developing
efficiencies above 19.5%.
Healthcare costs before and after stroke in non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients who initiated treatment with rivaroxaban or warfarin
Creators: name: Milentijevic, Dejan
name: Lin, Jennifer H.
name: Yen-Wen Chen
name: Kogan, Emily
name: Shubham Shrivastava
name: Sjoeland, Erik
name: Alberts, Mark
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Rivaroxaban reduces stroke compared with warfarin in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This study compared healthcare costs before and after stroke in NVAF patients treated with rivaroxaban or warfarin. Using de-identified IBM® MarketScan® Commercial and Medicare databases, this retrospective cohort study (from 2011-2019) included patients with NVAF who initiated rivaroxaban or warfarin within 30 days after initial NVAF diagnosis. Patients who developed stroke were identified, and stroke severity was determined by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, imputed by a random forest method. Total all-cause per-patient per-year (PPPY) costs of care were determined for patients: (1) who developed stroke during the pre- and post-stroke periods and (2) who remained stroke-free during follow-up period. Treatment groups were balanced using inverse probability of treatment weighting. A total of 13,599 patients-initiated rivaroxaban and 39,861 initiated warfarin, of which, 272 (2.0%) and 1,303 (3.3%) developed stroke during a mean follow-up of 28 months. Among patients who developed stroke, PPPY costs increased from the pre-stroke to post-stroke period, with greater increases in the warfarin cohort relative to the rivaroxaban cohort. Overall, the costs increased by 1.78-fold for rivaroxaban versus 3.07-fold for warfarin; for less severe strokes (NIHSS <5), costs increased 0.88-fold and 1.05-fold, respectively. Cost increases for more severe strokes (NIHSS ≥5) among rivaroxaban patients were half those for warfarin patients (3.19-fold vs 6.37-fold, respectively). Among patients without stroke, costs were similar during the follow-up period between the 2 treatment groups. Total all-cause costs of care increased in the post-stroke period, and particularly in the patients treated with warfarin relative to those treated with rivaroxaban. The lower rate of stroke in the rivaroxaban cohort suggests that greater pre- to post-stroke cost increases result from more strokes occurring in the warfarin cohort.
Vortex Molecules in Spinor Condensates
Creators: name: Turner, Ari M.
name: Demler, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Condensates of atoms with spins can have vortices of several types; these are related to the symmetry group of the atoms' ground state. We discuss how, when a condensate is placed in a small magnetic field that breaks the spin symmetry, these vortices may form bound states. Using symmetry classification of vortex-charge and rough estimates for vortex interactions, one can show that some configurations that are stable at zero temperature can decay at finite temperatures by crossing over energy barriers. Our focus is cyclic spin 2 condensates, which have tetrahedral symmetry.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures
Reduced model for capillary breakup with thermal gradients: Predictions and computational validation
Creators: name: Shukla, Isha
name: Wang, Fan
name: Mowlavi, Saviz
name: Guyomard, Amy
name: Liang, Xiangdong
name: Johnson, Steven G.
name: Nave, J. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently demonstrated that feeding a silicon-in-silica coaxial fibre into a flame$\mathord{-}$imparting a steep silica viscosity gradient$\mathord{-}$results in the formation of silicon spheres whose size is controlled by the feed speed [Gumennik et al., Nat.Commun. 4, 2216 (2013)]. A reduced model to predict the droplet size from the feed speed was then derived by Mowlavi et al. [Phys. Rev. Fluids. 4, 064003 (2019)], but large experimental uncertainties in the parameter values and temperature profile made quantitative validation of the model impossible. Here, we validate the reduced model against fully-resolved three-dimensional axisymmetric Stokes simulations using the exact same physical parameters and temperature profile. We obtain excellent quantitative agreement for a wide range of experimentally relevant feed speeds. Surprisingly, we also observe that the local capillary number at the breakup location remains almost constant across all feed speeds. Owing to its low computational cost, the reduced model is therefore a useful tool for designing future experiments.
Bioorthogonal Self-Immolative Linker Based on Grob Fragmentation.
Creators: name: Ferhati, Xhenti
name: Salas-Cubero, Marina
name: Garrido, Pablo
name: García-Sanmartín, Josune
name: Guerreiro, Ana
name: Avenoza, Alberto
name: Busto, Jesús H
name: Peregrina, Jesús M
name: Martínez, Alfredo
name: Jiménez-Moreno, Ester
name: Lopes Bernardes, Goncalo
name: Corzana, Francisco
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: A self-immolative bioorthogonal conditionally cleavable linker based on Grob fragmentation is described. It is derived from 1,3-aminocyclohexanols and allows the release of sulfonate-containing compounds in aqueous media. Modulation of the amine pKa promotes fragmentation even at slightly acidic pH, a common feature of several tumor environments. The Grob fragmentation can also occur under physiological conditions in living cells, highlighting the potential bioorthogonal applicability of this reaction.
Transition-state dynamics in complex quantum systems
Creators: name: Bertsch, G. F.
name: Hagino, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model is proposed for studying the reaction dynamics in complex quantum systems in which the complete mixing of states is hindered by an internal barrier. Such systems are often treated by the transition-state theory, also known in chemistry as RRKM theory, but the validity of the theory is questionable when there is no identifiable coordinate associated with the barrier. The model consists of two Gaussian Orthogonal Ensembles (GOE) of internal levels coupled to each other and to the wave functions in the entrance and decay channels. We find that the transition-state formula can be derived from the model under some easily justifiable approximations. In particular, the assumption in transition-state theory that the reaction rates are insensitive to the decay widths of the internal states on the far side of the barrier is fulfilled for broad range of Hamiltonian parameters. More doubtful is the common assumption that the transmission factor $T$ across the barrier is unity or can be modeled by a one-dimensional Hamiltonian giving $T$ close to unity above the barrier. This is not the case in the model; we find that the transmission factor only approaches one under special conditions that are not likely to be fulfilled without a strong collective component in the Hamiltonian.
description: 8 pages and 6 figures
dualFace:Two-Stage Drawing Guidance for Freehand Portrait Sketching
Creators: name: Huang, Zhengyu
name: Peng, Yichen
name: Hibino, Tomohiro
name: Zhao, Chunqi
name: Xie, Haoran
name: Fukusato, Tsukasa
name: Miyata, Kazunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose dualFace, a portrait drawing interface to assist users with different levels of drawing skills to complete recognizable and authentic face sketches. dualFace consists of two-stage drawing assistance to provide global and local visual guidance: global guidance, which helps users draw contour lines of portraits (i.e., geometric structure), and local guidance, which helps users draws details of facial parts (which conform to user-drawn contour lines), inspired by traditional artist workflows in portrait drawing. In the stage of global guidance, the user draws several contour lines, and dualFace then searches several relevant images from an internal database and displays the suggested face contour lines over the background of the canvas. In the stage of local guidance, we synthesize detailed portrait images with a deep generative model from user-drawn contour lines, but use the synthesized results as detailed drawing guidance. We conducted a user study to verify the effectiveness of dualFace, and we confirmed that dualFace significantly helps achieve a detailed portrait sketch. see http://www.jaist.ac.jp/~xie/dualface.html
description: Accepted in the Journal of Computational Visual Media Conference 2021. 13 pages, 12 figures
Understanding PV Module Performance: Further Validation of the Novel Loss Factors Model and Its Extension to AC Arrays
Creators: name: Sellner, S.
name: Sutterlueti, J.
name: Ransome, S.
name: Schreier, L.
name: Allet, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3199-3204
description: The Loss Factors Model (LFM) has been introduced as a tool to better understand PV module
performance under outdoor conditions. It is based on outdoor IV curves compared with its reference values to find six
independent and normalized coefficients which when multiplied result in the DC Performance Factor. The Loss
Factors Model thus allows us to easily monitor any changes in module efficiency and determines which IV
parameters is responsible for changes. In this paper we show how the model can be used to extract outdoor
temperature coefficients, low irradiance behavior and how seasonal variations can be distinguished from effects such
as degradation or soiling. We compare different PV technologies such as Thin Film or crystalline Silicon at different
climatic conditions and show how the Loss Factors Model can be used as a basis for quick benchmarking and
prediction of PV performance. The DC-only Loss Factors Model then has been extended to model AC systems. Two
a-Si power plants, with similar PV Modules (a-Si) and different inverter topologies (transformer, transformerless)
have been modeled based at one year of data from a single a-Si module, seasonal annealing has been added and the
model predicts well the power plant performance when it is working optimally and shows underperformance due to
broken modules or snow cover. The setup also shows no impact on long term degradation as expected due to
transformerless inverters.
Multiuser detection in a dynamic environment Part I: User identification and data detection
Creators: name: Biglieri, Ezio
name: Lops, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In random-access communication systems, the number of active users varies with time, and has considerable bearing on receiver's performance. Thus, techniques aimed at identifying not only the information transmitted, but also that number, play a central role in those systems. An example of application of these techniques can be found in multiuser detection (MUD). In typical MUD analyses, receivers are based on the assumption that the number of active users is constant and known at the receiver, and coincides with the maximum number of users entitled to access the system. This assumption is often overly pessimistic, since many users might be inactive at any given time, and detection under the assumption of a number of users larger than the real one may impair performance. The main goal of this paper is to introduce a general approach to the problem of identifying active users and estimating their parameters and data in a random-access system where users are continuously entering and leaving the system. The tool whose use we advocate is Random-Set Theory: applying this, we derive optimum receivers in an environment where the set of transmitters comprises an unknown number of elements. In addition, we can derive Bayesian-filter equations which describe the evolution with time of the a posteriori probability density of the unknown user parameters, and use this density to derive optimum detectors. In this paper we restrict ourselves to interferer identification and data detection, while in a companion paper we shall examine the more complex problem of estimating users' parameters.
description: To be published on IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Holographic QCD with Isospin Chemical Potential
Creators: name: Parnachev, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider configurations of D4-D8-\bar D8 branes which correspond to large N QCD with non-vanishing temperature and chemical potential for baryon number and isospin. We study the holographic dual of this model and find a rich phase structure. The phases, distinguished by the values of quark condensates, are separated by the surfaces of first order phase transitions. The picture is in many respects similar to the expected phase structure of QCD in the chiral limit.
description: harvmac; 17 pages, 7 figures
Low Temperature Interconnection Techniques for High Efficiency Heterojunction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Rebenklau, L.
name: Gierth, P.
name: Partsch, U.
name: Mehlich, H.
name: Hausmann, J.
name: Grimm, M.
name: Stein, W.
name: Bell, H.
name: Clement, C.
name: Vogg, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 281-284
description: The heterojunction cell concept enables high efficiencies and simultaneously low-cost production.
Roth & Rau AG provide tools and processes for mass production of heterojunction technology (HJT) based solar
cells. New low temperature interconnection techniques are needed for this cell concept. This work focuses on the
evaluation of the characteristics of polymer pastes based on silver and copper particles. Therefore different curing
atmospheres of an inert inline drying system (Rehm Thermal Systems) were used. The electrical resistance, adhesion,
and solderability of the screen printed pastes were evaluated. As we will show in the present work, the currently
available copper pastes can be an equivalent alternative to common used silver pastes.
Data-Based Optimal Bandwidth for Kernel Density Estimation of Statistical Samples
Creators: name: Li, Zhen-Wei
name: He, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is a common practice to evaluate probability density function or matter spatial density function from statistical samples. Kernel density estimation is a frequently used method, but to select an optimal bandwidth of kernel estimation, which is completely based on data samples, is a long-term issue that has not been well settled so far. There exist analytic formulae of optimal kernel bandwidth, but they cannot be applied directly to data samples, since they depend on the unknown underlying density functions from which the samples are drawn. In this work, we devise an approach to pick out the totally data-based optimal bandwidth. First, we derive correction formulae for the analytic formulae of optimal bandwidth to compute the roughness of the sample's density function. Then substitute the correction formulae into the analytic formulae for optimal bandwidth, and through iteration, we obtain the sample's optimal bandwidth. Compared with analytic formulae, our approach gives very good results, with relative differences from the analytic formulae being only 2%-3% for a sample size larger than 10^4. This approach can also be generalized easily to cases of variable kernel estimations.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Maximizing the Yield of Large PV Power Plants: What Can We Learn from Monitoring and Simulation?
Creators: name: Müller, B.
name: Reis, T.
name: Driesse, A.
name: Reise, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV Systems
Large PV Power Plants and Distributed PV: System Aspects and Grid Connection

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3775-3781
description: Today’s PV systems tend to get larger, so even small improvements in Performance Ratio (PR) may lead to
remarkable financial benefits. The PR depends on several design decisions, and in most cases, the advantage of a design
decision may be confirmed in advance by simulation only. To validate system simulation models for this purpose, we
compare high resolution system performance data to the results of our yield prediction models. Even if several technical
losses of a PV system cannot be measured directly in operating commercial power plants, the individual loss models may
be validated by looking at certain irradiance ranges or certain geometric conditions. Assessment of inverter power
limitation will serve as one example of our approach. The full advantage of a detailed analysis of monitoring data is then
shown for the effect of row-to-row shading. While the uncertainty of PR values predicted by time step simulations may
be relatively high for single time steps and may be biased for annual values, it is still possible to get valid results for
system optimizations.
Linear-Optical Hyperentanglement-Assisted Quantum Error-Correcting Code
Creators: name: Wilde, Mark M.
name: Uskov, Dmitry B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a linear-optical implementation of a hyperentanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting code. The code is hyperentanglement-assisted because the shared entanglement resource is a photonic state hyperentangled in polarization and orbital angular momentum. It is possible to encode, decode, and diagnose channel errors using linear-optical techniques. The code corrects for polarization "flip" errors and is thus suitable only for a proof-of-principle experiment. The encoding and decoding circuits use a Knill-Laflamme-Milburn-like scheme for transforming polarization and orbital angular momentum photonic qubits. A numerical optimization algorithm finds a unit-fidelity encoding circuit that requires only three ancilla modes and has success probability equal to 0.0097.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, Accepted for publication in Physical Review A
Impaired HA-specific T follicular helper cell and antibody responses to influenza vaccination are linked to inflammation in humans.
Creators: name: Hill, Danika L
name: Whyte, Carly E
name: Innocentin, Silvia
name: Lee, Jia Le
name: Dooley, James
name: Wang, Jiong
name: James, Eddie A
name: Lee, James C
name: Kwok, William W
name: Zand, Martin S
name: Liston, Adrian
name: Carr, Edward J
name: Linterman, Michelle
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article
Immunology and Inflammation
vaccines
ageing
influenza
germinal centre
antibodies
t follicular helper cells
Human
Mouse

description: Antibody production following vaccination can provide protective immunity to subsequent infection by pathogens such as influenza viruses. However, circumstances where antibody formation is impaired after vaccination, such as in older people, require us to better understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underpin successful vaccination in order to improve vaccine design for at-risk groups. Here, by studying the breadth of anti-haemagglutinin (HA) IgG, serum cytokines, and B and T cell responses by flow cytometry before and after influenza vaccination, we show that formation of circulating T follicular helper (cTfh) cells was associated with high-titre antibody responses. Using Major Histocompatability Complex (MHC) class II tetramers, we demonstrate that HA-specific cTfh cells can derive from pre-existing memory CD4+ T cells and have a diverse T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire. In older people, the differentiation of HA-specific cells into cTfh cells was impaired. This age-dependent defect in cTfh cell formation was not due to a contraction of the TCR repertoire, but rather was linked with an increased inflammatory gene signature in cTfh cells. Together, this suggests that strategies that temporarily dampen inflammation at the time of vaccination may be a viable strategy to boost optimal antibody generation upon immunisation of older people.
Structural Properties of ICPCVD Fabricated SiO2/SiOx Superlattice for Use in Beyond Shockley-Queisser-Limit Solar Cells
Creators: name: Mavilla, N.R.
name: Singh, H.K.
name: Singh Solanki, C.S.
name: Vasi, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 379-381
description: Si-Nanocrystals (Si-NCs), due to their superior optical and electrical properties compared to bulk-Si,
are attractive for next generation photovoltaic applications. In particular, controlling bandgap by varying Si-NC size
can be exploited for realizing low cost, environmental friendly, “all-Si” tandem solar cells. Tandem cells reduce the
intrinsic heat losses (for photon energies higher than bandgap) and penetration loses (for photon energies lower than
the band gap) of a single junction solar cell. Better understanding of formation and structural evolution of Si-NCs is
crucial for realizing Si-NCs of tight size control. In view of this, Si-NCs were fabricated using SiO2/SiOx superlattice
approach by Inductively Coupled Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (ICPCVD). Structural properties of the films
and superlattices, in particular, structural modification of SiOx before and after annealing at 900 °C was studied using
XPS, FTIR and Raman Spectroscopy characterizations. Formation of Si-NCs was confirmed by Raman
spectroscopy. Complete effusion of hydrogen was observed on annealing.
Direct Dark Matter Searches
Creators: name: Spooner, N. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For many working in particle physics and cosmology successful discovery and characterisation of the new particles that most likely explain the non-baryonic cold dark matter, known to comprise the majority of matter in the Universe, would be the most significant advance in physics for a century. Reviewed here is the current status of direct searches for such particles, in particular the so-called Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), together with a brief overview of the possible future direction of the field extrapolated from recent advances. Current best limits are at or below 10-7 pb for spin-independent neutralino coupling, sufficient that experiments are already probing SUSY models. However, new detectors with tonne-scale mass and/or capability to correlate signal events to our motion through the Galaxy will likely be needed to determine finally whether WIMPs exist.
description: Submitted to JPSJ, 20 pages, 5 figures
Economic Burden to commercial payers of young adults with schizophrenia in Colorado
Creators: name: Pesa, Jacqueline
name: Patel, Charmi
name: Rotter, David
name: Papademetriou, Eros
name: Potluri, Ravi
name: Benson, Carmela
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Aims: The primary objective was to examine direct costs and health resource utilization (HRU) among commercially insured young adults with schizophrenia in Colorado. Materials and methods: The Colorado All-Payer Claims Database, covering approximately 76% of the insured Colorado population was used. Members aged 18–34, with and without schizophrenia (SCZ), having commercial insurance were included. All-cause, mental health related (MH) and non-MH related per patient per month (PPPM) costs and per 100 patients per month (PHPPM) HRU were compared between a SCZ cohort and a propensity score matched non-SCZ cohort before and after index date up to 48 months. Results: 501 patients with SCZ and 2,510 matched individuals without SCZ were included. HRU and costs were higher for SCZ patients both pre- and post-index date. Pre-index, there were 32.3 (24.0 MH; 8.4 non-MH) PHPPM more office visits; 2.1 (2.7 MH) PHPPM more admissions; 104.8 (67.02 MH; 37.7 non-MH) PHPPM more prescriptions in the SCZ cohort (all p Limitations: This study was based on data from a single state, thus may not be generalizable to other states. Conclusions: Healthcare costs and HRU for young adults diagnosed with schizophrenia are significantly more burdensome to commercial payers than matched patients without schizophrenia, both before and after an official schizophrenia diagnosis.
A unified Neural Network Approach to E-CommerceRelevance Learning
Creators: name: Jiang, Yunjiang
name: Shang, Yue
name: Li, Rui
name: Yang, Wen-Yun
name: Tang, Guoyu
name: Ma, Chaoyi
name: Xiao, Yun
name: Zhao, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Result relevance scoring is critical to e-commerce search user experience. Traditional information retrieval methods focus on keyword matching and hand-crafted or counting-based numeric features, with limited understanding of item semantic relevance. We describe a highly-scalable feed-forward neural model to provide relevance score for (query, item) pairs, using only user query and item title as features, and both user click feedback as well as limited human ratings as labels. Several general enhancements were applied to further optimize eval/test metrics, including Siamese pairwise architecture, random batch negative co-training, and point-wise fine-tuning. We found significant improvement over GBDT baseline as well as several off-the-shelf deep-learning baselines on an independently constructed ratings dataset. The GBDT model relies on 10 times more features. We also present metrics for select subset combinations of techniques mentioned above.
description: 6 pages
Optimal Regional Tracking Control of Time-Fractional Diffusion Systems
Creators: name: Ge, Fudong
name: Chen, YangQuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: B.1; J.1
subject: 35R11, 49K21, 49Q22, 90C46,

description: In this paper, we aim to explore optimal regional trajectory tracking control problems of the anomalous subdiffusion processes governed by time-fractional diffusion systems under the Neumann boundary conditions. Using eigenvalue theory of the system operator and the semigroup theory, we explore the existence and some estimates of the mild solution to the considered system. An approach on finding solution to the optimal problem that minimizes the regional trajectory tracking error and the corresponding control cost over a finite space and time domain is then explored via the Hilbert uniqueness method (HUM). The obtained results not only can be directly used to investigate the systems that are not controllable on the whole domain, but also yield an explicit expression of the control signal in terms of the desired trajectory. Most importantly, it is worth noting that our results in this paper are still novel even for the special case when the order of fractional derivative is equal to one. Finally, we provide a numerical example to illustrate our theoretical results.
description: 6 pages, 5figures, Accepted to appear in the 2021 Online American Control Conference (ACC2021)
Palatini versus metric formulation in higher curvature gravity
Creators: name: Borunda, Monica
name: Janssen, Bert
name: Bastero-Gil, Mar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the metric and the Palatini formalism to obtain the Einstein equations in the presence of higher-order curvature corrections that consist of contractions of the Riemann tensor, but not of its derivatives. We find that there is a class of theories for which the two formalisms are equivalent. This class contains the Palatini version of Lovelock theory, but also more Lagrangians that are not Lovelock, but respect certain symmetries. For the general case, we find that imposing the Levi-Civita connection as an Ansatz, the Palatini formalism is contained within the metric formalism, in the sense that any solution of the former also appears as a solution of the latter, but not necessarily the other way around. Finally we give the conditions the solutions of the metric equations should satisfy in order to solve the Palatini equations.
description: 13 pages, latex. V2: reference added, major changes in section 3, conclusions partially corrected
Recombinant expression of insoluble enzymes in Escherichia coli: a systematic review of experimental design and its manufacturing implications.
Creators: name: Mital, Suraj
name: Christie, Graham
name: Dikicioglu, Duygu
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Difficult to express enzymes
Escherichia coli
Inclusion bodies
Recombinant industrial enzymes
Solubility
Systems biology

description: Recombinant enzyme expression in Escherichia coli is one of the most popular methods to produce bulk concentrations of protein product. However, this method is often limited by the inadvertent formation of inclusion bodies. Our analysis systematically reviews literature from 2010 to 2021 and details the methods and strategies researchers have utilized for expression of difficult to express (DtE), industrially relevant recombinant enzymes in E. coli expression strains. Our review identifies an absence of a coherent strategy with disparate practices being used to promote solubility. We discuss the potential to approach recombinant expression systematically, with the aid of modern bioinformatics, modelling, and 'omics' based systems-level analysis techniques to provide a structured, holistic approach. Our analysis also identifies potential gaps in the methods used to report metadata in publications and the impact on the reproducibility and growth of the research in this field.
description: None