cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Transmission Intensity of Plasmodium Falciparum in Lilongwe, Malawi
Creators: name: Belson, Connor
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The GlaxoSmithKline RTS,S vaccine has been undergoing Phase III trials to evaluate efficacy for protection from malaria, a disease infecting between 300-600 million people every year. As RTS,S is a transmission blocking vaccine, transmission intensity may be important in vaccine efficacy. Therefore, all trial sites conducted a concordant Malaria Transmission Intensity (MTI) study, from 2011-2013, to look at the prevalence of malaria by microscopy within the trial site. Malaria parasitemia prevalence is often used as a surrogate of transmission intensity.  Unfortunately, it is known that microscopy can miss many, if not most, of malaria parasitemia in a population.  Nucleic acid detection methods are more sensitive than microscopy, often detecting parasitemia counts below the detection limit of microscopy (called “submicroscopic” parasitemia). We use a real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) assay for pfldh on dried blood spots from 800 patient blood samples collected during the 2013 MTI study in Lilongwe, Malawi to determine the difference in prevalence of parasitemia between testing methods. We found that the addition of RT-PCR nearly tripled the number of participants with malaria detected (5.6% by microscopy vs. 14.3% composite microscopy or RT-PCR.). We then analyzed the malaria prevalence of submicroscopic parasitemia within specific demographic groups to identify risk factors associated with greater rates of parasitemia.  This data suggests that transmission intensity within Lilongwe was greater than previously expected, which may have impacted vaccine efficacy, and that differences in transmission intensity may have differed significantly between demographics groups.  Future studies should research the impact this has on vaccine effectiveness and how this can be utilized when redesigning the vaccine so that future versions can be more effective in reducing infections.
Modular flip-graphs of one holed surfaces
Creators: name: Parlier, Hugo
name: Pournin, Lionel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study flip-graphs of triangulations on topological surfaces where distance is measured by counting the number of necessary flip operations between two triangulations. We focus on surfaces of positive genus $g$ with a single boundary curve and $n$ marked points on this curve; we consider triangulations up to homeomorphism with the marked points as their vertices. Our main results are upper and lower bounds on the maximal distance between triangulations depending on $n$ and can be thought of as bounds on the diameter of flip-graphs up to the quotient of underlying homeomorphism groups. The main results assert that the diameter of these quotient graphs grows at least like $5n/2$ for all $g\geq 1$. Our upper bounds grow at most like $[4 -1/(4g)]n$ for $g\geq 2$, and at most like $23n/8 $ for the torus.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures. The statements of Theorem 2.1, of Lemmas 2.2 and 4.2, and the proof of the latter are directly borrowed from arXiv:1407.1516. They are included here for completeness
Radiatively Induced Breaking of Conformal Symmetry in a Superpotential
Creators: name: Arbuzov, A. B.
name: Cirilo-Lombardo, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiatively induced symmetry breaking is considered for a toy model with one scalar and one fermion field unified in a superfield. It is shown that the classical quartic self-interaction of the superfield possesses a quantum infrared singularity. Application of the Coleman-Weinberg mechanism for effective potential leads to the appearance of condensates and masses for both scalar and fermion components. That induces a spontaneous breaking of the initial classical symmetries: the supersymmetry and the conformal one. The energy scales for the scalar and fermion condensates appear to be of the same order, while the renormalization scale is many orders of magnitude higher. A possibility to relate the considered toy model to conformal symmetry breaking in the Standard Model is discussed.
description: Improved final version with new references and misprints corrected, 9 pages , no figures
A thermomechanical comparative study on carbon and boron nitride nanotube-reinforced polymer composites
Creators: name: Yang, Seunghwa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: The reinforcement effect of boron nitride nanotube (BNNT) and carbon nanotube (CNT) on thermoelastic behavior of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanocomposites was compared through a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and mean-field micromechanics model. Uniaxial tension, shearing, cooling down, and pullout simulations were implemented in MD simulations. In micromechanics, the multi-inclusion (M–I) model was adopted. Both nanocomposites showed similar transversely isotropic elastic constants and coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs). BNNTs provided better interfacial load transfer and dispersibility with PMMA; meanwhile, CNTs reduced the CTE of the matrix more. For both nanocomposites, the thermoelastic behavior was sensitive to the interfacial imperfection and interphase zone.
Manipulating non-reciprocity in a two-dimensional magnetic quantum walk
Creators: name: Lin, Quan
name: Yi, Wei
name: Xue, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-reciprocity is an important topic in fundamental physics and quantum-device design, as much effort has been devoted to its engineering and manipulation. Here we experimentally demonstrate non-reciprocal transport in a two-dimensional quantum walk of photons, where the directional propagation is highly tunable through dissipation and synthetic magnetic flux. The non-reciprocal dynamics hereof is a manifestation of the non-Hermitian skin effect, with its direction continuously adjustable through the photon-loss parameters. By contrast, the synthetic flux originates from an engineered geometric phase, which competes with the non-Hermitian skin effect through magnetic confinement. We further demonstrate how the non-reciprocity and synthetic flux impact the dynamics of the Floquet topological edge modes along an engineered boundary. Our results exemplify an intriguing strategy for achieving tunable non-reciprocal transport, highlighting the interplay of non-Hermiticity and gauge fields in quantum systems of higher dimensions.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Tailored to Transform: The Presentation of Fashion as Transformative
Creators: name: Nelson, Amy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Introduction
Over the course of the last century, much scholarship discusses fashion’s broader
implications as related to the individual and society. For example, in 1904 the sociologist Georg
Simmel notes fashion’s dual nature: clothing choices are meant to distinguish an individual from
the rest of society, while simultaneously establishing an individual as part of broader society.
Other scholars see fashion as an example of the broader phenomenon of attaching symbolic
values to the consumption of certain commodities (Gronow). In other words, material goods
become associated with specific values. The consumer then uses these goods to display the
values that he or she may hold. Because of this relation between the consumers and the
commodities, clothing affects and expresses the perception of how many view themselves.
Since the concept of fashion has a variety of meanings and connotations, the term
“fashion” tends to remain somewhat of a broad term. Fashion most frequently refers to highly
visible styles of clothing. Although to a lesser extent, fashion may also refer to aspects of culture
beyond clothing that are highly esteemed at that particular moment in time. Additionally, the
term may refer to systems that produce new styles of clothing and attempt to make them
desirable to the public (Crane and Bovone 320). This project primarily considers the most
frequently used definition of fashion – fashion as highly variable styles of clothing.
One can view fashion as transformative. This transformation may occur on a variety of
levels: between the individual and society, between the individual’s exterior and interior selves,
and between language and the garment.
This project examines a variety of texts that establish fashion as a means of
transformation. Each text provides somewhat different interpretations of fashion’s transformative
power. Nevertheless, all are engaged in the depiction of fashion as a much broader phenomenon
than just the garments that one chooses to wear.
Fractional dynamics on networks: Emergence of anomalous diffusion and Lévy flights
Creators: name: Riascos, A. P.
name: Mateos, José L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a formalism of fractional diffusion on networks based on a fractional Laplacian matrix that can be constructed directly from the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the Laplacian matrix. This fractional approach allows random walks with long-range dynamics providing a general framework for anomalous diffusion and navigation, and inducing dynamically the small-world property on any network. We obtained exact results for the stationary probability distribution, the average fractional return probability and a global time, showing that the efficiency to navigate the network is greater if we use a fractional random walk in comparison to a normal random walk. For the case of a ring, we obtain exact analytical results showing that the fractional transition and return probabilities follow a long-range power-law decay, leading to the emergence of Lévy flights on networks. Our general fractional diffusion formalism applies to regular, random and complex networks and can be implemented from the spectral properties of the Laplacian matrix, providing an important tool to analyze anomalous diffusion on networks.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Reducing the harmful effects of cannabis use: Finding the optimal CBD:THC ratio
Creators: name: Englund, Amir
name: Oliver, Dominic
name: Chesney, Edward
name: Wilson, Jack
name: Chester, Lucy
name: Sovi, Simina
name: Freeman, Tom
name: Hodsoll, John
name: Murray, Robin
name: McGuire, Philip
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: addiction
subject: cannabidiol
subject: cannabis
subject: CBD
subject: delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
subject: harm reduction
subject: psychosis
subject: THC

description: The aim of this experimental study is to determine which ratio of CBD:THC is related to the least adverse effects (psychosis, cognitive impairment) while still retaining its pleasurable and rewarding effects. This will be measured using standardised cognitive and psychological/psychopathological measures. The study will also aim to explore if these differences are explained by the ratio of CBD:THC in the cannabis or by pharmacodynamics (e.g. CBD reducing blood THC levels). This will be explored by collecting blood samples from the participants following cannabis administration.
The DiskMass Survey. X. Radio synthesis imaging of spiral galaxies
Creators: name: Martinsson, Thomas P. K.
name: Verheijen, Marc A. W.
name: Bershady, Matthew A.
name: Westfall, Kyle B.
name: Andersen, David R.
name: Swaters, Rob A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from 21 cm radio synthesis imaging of 28 spiral galaxies from the DiskMass Survey obtained with the VLA, WSRT, and GMRT facilities. We detail the observations and data reduction procedures and present a brief analysis of the radio data. We construct 21 cm continuum images, global HI emission-line profiles, column-density maps, velocity fields, and position-velocity diagrams. From these we determine star formation rates (SFRs), HI line widths, total HI masses, rotation curves, and azimuthally-averaged radial HI column-density profiles. All galaxies have an HI disk that extends beyond the readily observable stellar disk, with an average ratio and scatter of R_{HI}/R_{25}=1.35+/-0.22, and a majority of the galaxies appear to have a warped HI disk. A tight correlation exists between total HI mass and HI diameter, with the largest disks having a slightly lower average column density. Galaxies with relatively large HI disks tend to exhibit an enhanced stellar velocity dispersion at larger radii, suggesting the influence of the gas disk on the stellar dynamics in the outer regions of disk galaxies. We find a striking similarity among the radial HI surface density profiles, where the average, normalized radial profile of the late-type spirals is described surprisingly well with a Gaussian profile. These results can be used to estimate HI surface density profiles in galaxies that only have a total HI flux measurement. We compare our 21 cm radio continuum luminosities with 60 micron luminosities from IRAS observations for a subsample of 15 galaxies and find that these follow a tight radio-infrared relation, with a hint of a deviation from this relation at low luminosities. We also find a strong correlation between the average SFR surface density and the K-band surface brightness of the stellar disk.
description: 22 pages + Appendix, 16 figures + Atlas, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
An inverse problem for weighted Paley-Wiener spaces
Creators: name: Bessonov, R. V.
name: Romanov, R. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 34L05, Secondary 47B35

description: Let $μ$ be a measure on the real line $\mathbb{R}$ such that $\int_{\mathbb{R}}\frac{dμ(t)}{1+t^2} < \infty$ and let $a>0$. Assume that the norms $\|f\|_{L^2(\mathbb{R})}$ and $\|f\|_{L^2(μ)}$ are comparable for functions $f$ in the Paley-Wiener space $PW_{a}$ and that $PW_a$ is dense in $L^2(μ)$. We reconstruct the canonical Hamiltonian system $JX' = zHX$ such that $μ$ is the spectral measure for this system.
description: 14 pages
Factors Affecting Healthcare Provider Knowledge and Acceptance of Biosimilar Medicines: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Leonard, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Background: Newly developed biosimilar agents confer significant cost saving advantages, yielding the potential to mitigate rising drug costs and expand patient access to care for important biologic therapies. Biosimilar market uptake greatly depends upon healthcare provider willingness to promote, prescribe, and use biosimilars in clinical practice.Objective: To perform a systematic review evaluating current United States (U.S.) and European (EU) health care provider knowledge, perceptions, and prescribing behaviors of biosimilar medicines to assess the need for clinician-directed, biosimilar education.Methods: An electronic literature search was conducted using journal databases, including PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Terms related to biosimilar agents, survey questionnaires, and education were used. Two independent reviewers evaluated 158 citations published from January 1, 2014 to March 5, 2018, that were the result of this search. Studies in English were included if they surveyed U.S. or EU physician and/or pharmacist knowledge, attitudes, and/or prescribing preferences of biosimilar drugs. Overall trends in prescribing behavior and perceptions were abstracted.Results: A total of 20 studies met inclusion criteria. Three studies originated from the U.S. and 17 from Europe. Hospital specialists, gastroenterologists, and rheumatologists were the most frequently surveyed practitioners. Percent of biosimilar prescribing varied widely between countries and within similar practice fields. If used, biosimilars were predominantly prescribed in biologic-treatment naïve patients. An overall lack of biosimilar familiarity in both U.S. and EU health care settings accompanied concerns about biosimilar safety, efficacy, extrapolation, and interchangeability. Detailed descriptions of biosimilar education programs were lacking from the literature.Conclusions: Findings from this review indicate that U.S. and EU healthcare providers still approach biosimilar medicines with caution, citing limited biosimilar knowledge, low prescribing comfort, and safety and efficacy concerns as main deterrents for biosimilar use. To realize the full cost-saving potential of biosimilar medicines, clinician-directed, biosimilar education will be imperative to address gaps in biosimilar knowledge, facilitate prescribing changes, and ultimately increase biosimilar use.
An improved synthetic signal injection routine for the Haloscope At Yale Sensitive To Axion Cold dark matter (HAYSTAC)
Creators: name: Zhu, Yuqi
name: Jewell, M. J.
name: Laffan, Claire
name: Bai, Xiran
name: Ghosh, Sumita
name: Graham, Eleanor
name: Cahn, S. B.
name: Maruyama, Reina H.
name: Lamoreaux, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microwave cavity haloscopes are among the most sensitive direct detection experiments searching for dark matter axions via their coupling to photons. When the power of the expected microwave signal due to axion-photon conversion is on the order of $10^{-24}$~W, having the ability to validate the detector response and analysis procedure by injecting realistic synthetic axion signals becomes helpful. Here we present a method based on frequency hopping spread spectrum for synthesizing axion signals in a microwave cavity haloscope experiment. It allows us to generate a narrow and asymmetric shape in frequency space that mimics an axion's spectral distribution, which is derived from a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. In addition, we show that the synthetic axion's power can be calibrated with reference to the system noise. Compared to the synthetic axion injection in HAYSTAC phase I, we demonstrated synthetic signal injection with a more realistic lineshape and calibrated power.
Transverse Momentum Resummation for Dijet Correlation in Hadronic Collisions
Creators: name: Sun, Peng
name: Yuan, C. -P.
name: Yuan, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transverse momentum resummation for dijet correlation in hadron collisions based on the Collins-Soper-Sterman formalism. The complete one-loop calculations are carried out in the collinear factorization framework for the differential cross sections at low imbalance transverse momentum between the two jets. Important cross checks are performed to demonstrate that the soft divergences cancelled out between different diagrams, and in particular, those associated with final state jets. The leading and sub-leading logarithms are identified. All order resummation is derived following the transverse momentum dependent factorization at this order. Its phenomenological applications are also presented.
description: 51 pages, 10 figures
Randomized low-rank approximation for symmetric indefinite matrices
Creators: name: Park, Taejun
name: Nakatsukasa, Yuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A23, 65F55

description: The Nyström method is a popular choice for finding a low-rank approximation to a symmetric positive semi-definite matrix. The method can fail when applied to symmetric indefinite matrices, for which the error can be unboundedly large. In this work, we first identify the main challenges in finding a Nyström approximation to symmetric indefinite matrices. We then prove the existence of a variant that overcomes the instability, and establish relative-error nuclear norm bounds of the resulting approximation that hold when the singular values decay rapidly. The analysis naturally leads to a practical algorithm, whose robustness is illustrated with experiments.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures
Contemporizing Nineteenth Century Texts for Film and Television
Creators: name: Brittain, Allison
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: I found myself interested in these filmic adaptations not only for their literary source material, but for the possibilities introduced by their modernized form. Determining how and why a filmic text operates as an adaptation allows both the media creator and viewer, roles that are not entirely separate, to understand their own relationship with the text. In this work, examining Bride & Prejudice, Lost in Austen, and Sherlock demonstrates the shading from
adaptation to allusion, which broadens into the referential culture of most, if not all, filmic texts. However, the interrelated nature of producer and viewer, connected through the modern media environment, as well as cultural history of the texts, are often separated by the “legitimizing” factor of economic resources. This demonstrates how both the creation of and interaction with adaptive filmic texts is impacted by position within society. The messages of social and political identities that producers create have a large cultural history and a familiar audience base to disrupt and engage, and what modes of representation are interacted with speaks to the privilege of the creators in a globalized media economy.
An exact collisionless equilibrium for the Force-Free Harris Sheet with low plasma beta
Creators: name: Allanson, O.
name: Neukirch, T.
name: Wilson, F.
name: Troscheit, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first discussion and analysis of the physical properties of a new exact collisionless equilibrium for a one-dimensional nonlinear force-free magnetic field, namely the Force-Free Harris Sheet. The solution allows any value of the plasma beta, and crucially below unity, which previous nonlinear force-free collisionless equilibria could not. The distribution function involves infinite series of Hermite Polynomials in the canonical momenta, of which the important mathematical properties of convergence and non-negativity have recently been proven. Plots of the distribution function are presented for the plasma beta modestly below unity, and we compare the shape of the distribution function in two of the velocity directions to a Maxwellian distribution.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures (2 colour)
Robust speech recognition using consensus function based on multi-layer networks
Creators: name: Amami, Rimah
name: Manita, Ghaith
name: Smiti, Abir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The clustering ensembles mingle numerous partitions of a specified data into a single clustering solution. Clustering ensemble has emerged as a potent approach for ameliorating both the forcefulness and the stability of unsupervised classification results. One of the major problems in clustering ensembles is to find the best consensus function. Finding final partition from different clustering results requires skillfulness and robustness of the classification algorithm. In addition, the major problem with the consensus function is its sensitivity to the used data sets quality. This limitation is due to the existence of noisy, silence or redundant data. This paper proposes a novel consensus function of cluster ensembles based on Multilayer networks technique and a maintenance database method. This maintenance database approach is used in order to handle any given noisy speech and, thus, to guarantee the quality of databases. This can generates good results and efficient data partitions. To show its effectiveness, we support our strategy with empirical evaluation using distorted speech from Aurora speech databases.
description: 06 pages
Thinking Fast and Slow in Large Language Models
Creators: name: Hagendorff, Thilo
name: Fabi, Sarah
name: Kosinski, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large language models (LLMs) are currently at the forefront of intertwining AI systems with human communication and everyday life. Therefore, it is of great importance to evaluate their emerging abilities. In this study, we show that LLMs like GPT-3 exhibit behavior that strikingly resembles human-like intuition - and the cognitive errors that come with it. However, LLMs with higher cognitive capabilities, in particular ChatGPT and GPT-4, learned to avoid succumbing to these errors and perform in a hyperrational manner. For our experiments, we probe LLMs with the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) as well as semantic illusions that were originally designed to investigate intuitive decision-making in humans. Our study demonstrates that investigating LLMs with methods from psychology has the potential to reveal otherwise unknown emergent traits.
Identifying Elements of the Business Case for Certified Nurse Midwife-led Birth Center Care through Systematic Review of Literature & Key Informant Interviews
Creators: name: Patel, Esita Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Childbirth is repeatedly cited as the leading cause of hospitalizations and source of hospital costs in the United States (U.S.). Despite evidence suggesting that the certified nurse midwife-(CNM)-led free standing birth center (FSBC) care model provides safe, effective care, with less resource utilization and costs, as well as increased patient satisfaction for low risk births compared to traditional physician-led hospital based care, less than 0.5% of births in the U.S. occur through this model. The absence of a formal business case that demonstrates a financial return on investment for models shown to improve health care, such as the CNM-led FSBC care model in the U.S., is often cited as a reason for not implementing quality improving innovations in health care. Currently, there are no available criteria to guide the analysis of the business case for establishing and operating a free standing birth center. This paper aims to identify critical elements of a business case for the CNM-led FSBC model. A literature review of the CNM-led FSBC model in the U.S. was conducted applying principles of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement (Moher, Liberati, Tetziaff, & Altman, 2009). Exploratory semi-structured interviews were also conducted with two CNM and FSBC representatives. Results of the review and interviews were collectively analyzed using a directed content analysis approach guided by the Business Case for Quality Financial Model framework (Pink, Thomas, Kilpatrick, & Brown, 2005) to identify essential elements to consider when developing a business case for CNM-led FSBCs, including financial factors involved in initial investments and cash flows. This information may allow stakeholders to better understand factors necessary to consider when starting or operating a CNM-led FSBC.
401.3 Data Recovery and Investigation from 8-inch Floppy Disk Media: Three Use Cases
Creators: name: Adams, Abby
name: Roche, Austin
name: Sampson, Walker
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 401. Workflows (paper presentations - chair: Jaime Schumacher)
subject: ipres2018
subject: long paper

description: Significant progress and guidance has been produced in data recovery for 3.5-inch and 5.25-inch floppy disks, but similar recovery steps for 8-inch floppy disks remains less documented, while also requiring more setup and configuration. The authors present three use cases centering on different collections of 8-inch floppies at the University of Colorado Boulder, the Harry Ransom Center, and an independent collection of Datapoint 1800 floppies. Strategies and methods are presented for acquiring the necessary hardware, connecting and powering the devices, and preliminary steps in data acquisition. The authors describe specific impediments to data recovery and present the gaps in producing value out of the raw data acquisition. The authors conclude that encoding and format analysis, file extraction and older machine and software emulation are all areas for further exploration in the interest of bringing older 8-inch floppy media content to researchers.
404 Hide & Seek: making digital preservation FAIRer?
Creators: name: Kilbride, William
name: Helmus, Wilbert
name: Ras, Marcel
name: Sierman, Barbara
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 404. All's FAIR in Digital Preservation (discussion panel - chair: Jaye Weatherburn)
subject: ipres2018
subject: panel

description: There is no central place or organized highway to get us to relevant publications. Is it possible that the community is satisfied with this relatively ad-hoc support to access our published literature? As the community grows, isn’t it time to overhaul our assumptions and infrastructure for access to our own research? Implicit in this discussion are the concepts of selection and appraisal. Not every digital preservation resource is for the long term, not every bit matters. Where should efforts be concentrated, and what digital materials can we live without? If the digital preservaiton community cannot answer these relatively obvious questions for ourselves, then we may struggle to persuade others to do the same. In the research data area, the principles of FAIR are used for data: Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Re-usable. These principles would be very useful for the digital preservation literature, with an additional P of “Preserved” (or is this in the R?). How could we achieve that the digital preservation literature is FAIR for all practitioners?
Singularly continuous spectrum of a self-similar Laplacian on the half-line
Creators: name: Chen, Joe P.
name: Teplyaev, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A10, 37F50, 81Q12, 81Q35, 60J35, 28A80

description: We investigate the spectrum of the self-similar Laplacian, which generates the so-called "$pq$ random walk" on the integer half-line $\mathbb{Z}_+$. Using the method of spectral decimation, we prove that the spectral type of the Laplacian is singularly continuous whenever $p\neq \frac{1}{2}$. This serves as a toy model for generating singularly continuous spectrum, which can be generalized to more complicated settings. We hope it will provide more insight into Fibonacci and other weakly self-similar models.
description: v3: 12 pages, 2 figures; to appear in the Journal of Mathematical Physics in May or June 2016/ JMP 2016
title: Weniger ist mehr: Vier von vielen Wegen, um Cognitive Load zu reduzieren
Creators: name: Hawelka, Birgit
Publisher: name: Zentrum für Hochschul- und Wissenschaftsdidaktik, Universität Regensburg
Year: 2023

description: Hoher cognitive load kann das Lernen mühsam machen. Unzählige Studien untersuchten, wodurch cognitive load verursacht wird und wie er minimiert werden kann. Der aktuelle Beitrag auf Lehrblick.de fasst einige wichtige Punkte zusammen.
"Nitrous Oxide for Labor Pain" A Patient Information Sheet
Creators: name: DeLeon, Kathryn Megan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: In recent years, more hospitals nationally are offering nitrous oxide as an option to relieve labor
pain. Due to a history of limited use of nitrous oxide in the United States, pregnant women may
be less informed regarding this option, creating a need for better availability of educational
material on this topic. During my Maternal-Newborn clinical rotation I cared for a woman in
active labor who desired to use nitrous oxide for pain relief. The patient was provided with
educational material to read prior to the use of the gas. She encountered difficulty processing the
information while in active labor and remained confused during the administration process. My
concern upon witnessing the patient’s struggle fueled a desire to improve the experiences of
future patients seeking to use nitrous oxide. I recognized that a simple, bulleted, organized, and
concise sheet providing background information, step-by-step instructions for use, and safety
considerations may aid women in using this form of labor analgesia. Information gathered from
a literature review on nitrous oxide for labor pain and patient education was used to create a
written information sheet designed to increase health literacy for those planning to give birth in a
hospital in the Southeastern United States. The purpose of the product “Nitrous Oxide for Labor
Pain” is to provide a quality educational tool to empower laboring women to make informed
decisions, resulting in greater patient autonomy and satisfaction with care.
Incorporating Belief Function in SVM for Phoneme Recognition
Creators: name: Amami, Rimah
name: Ayed, Dorra Ben
name: Ellouze, Nouerddine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Support Vector Machine (SVM) method has been widely used in numerous classification tasks. The main idea of this algorithm is based on the principle of the margin maximization to find an hyperplane which separates the data into two different classes.In this paper, SVM is applied to phoneme recognition task. However, in many real-world problems, each phoneme in the data set for recognition problems may differ in the degree of significance due to noise, inaccuracies, or abnormal characteristics; All those problems can lead to the inaccuracies in the prediction phase. Unfortunately, the standard formulation of SVM does not take into account all those problems and, in particular, the variation in the speech input. This paper presents a new formulation of SVM (B-SVM) that attributes to each phoneme a confidence degree computed based on its geometric position in the space. Then, this degree is used in order to strengthen the class membership of the tested phoneme. Hence, we introduce a reformulation of the standard SVM that incorporates the degree of belief. Experimental performance on TIMIT database shows the effectiveness of the proposed method B-SVM on a phoneme recognition problem.
description: 9th International Conference, Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Systems, Salamanca, Spain, June 11-13, 2014
Image processing for grazing incidence fast atom diffraction
Creators: name: Debiossac, Maxime
name: Roncin, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Grazing incidence fast atom diffraction (GIFAD, or FAD) has developed as a surface sensitive technique. GIFAD is less sensitive to thermal decoherence but more demanding in terms of surface coherence, the mean distance between defects. Such high quality surfaces can be obtained from freshly cleaved crystals or in a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) chamber where a GIFAD setup has been installed allowing in situ operation. Based on recent publications by Atkinson et al. and Debiossac et al, the paper describes in detail the basic steps needed to measure the relative intensities of the diffraction spots. Care is taken to outline the underlying physical assumptions.
description: IISC-21 International Workshop on Inelastic Ion-Surface Collisions, Dosnostia Sept. 2015. Elsevier, NIM-B (2016)
Connecting massive galaxies to dark matter halos in BOSS - I. Is galaxy color a stochastic process in high-mass halos?
Creators: name: Saito, Shun
name: Leauthaud, Alexie
name: Hearin, Andrew P.
name: Bundy, Kevin
name: Zentner, Andrew R.
name: Behroozi, Peter S.
name: Reid, Beth A.
name: Sinha, Manodeep
name: Coupon, Jean
name: Tinker, Jeremy L.
name: White, Martin
name: Schneider, Donald P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use subhalo abundance matching (SHAM) to model the stellar mass function (SMF) and clustering of the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) "CMASS" sample at $z\sim0.5$. We introduce a novel method which accounts for the stellar mass incompleteness of CMASS as a function of redshift, and produce CMASS mock catalogs which include selection effects, reproduce the overall SMF, the projected two-point correlation function $w_{\rm p}$, the CMASS $dn/dz$, and are made publicly available. We study the effects of assembly bias above collapse mass in the context of "age matching" and show that these effects are markedly different compared to the ones explored by Hearin et al. (2013) at lower stellar masses. We construct two models, one in which galaxy color is stochastic ("AbM" model) as well as a model which contains assembly bias effects ("AgM" model). By confronting the redshift dependent clustering of CMASS with the predictions from our model, we argue that that galaxy colors are not a stochastic process in high-mass halos. Our results suggest that the colors of galaxies in high-mass halos are determined by other halo properties besides halo peak velocity and that assembly bias effects play an important role in determining the clustering properties of this sample.
description: 22 pages. Appendix. B added. Matches the version accepted by MNRAS. Mock galaxy catalog and HOD table are available at http://www.massivegalaxies.com
RRH clustering and transmit precoding for interference-limited 5G CRAN downlink
Creators: name: Rahman, Muhammad Mahboob Ur
name: Ghauch, Hadi
name: Imtiaz, Sahar
name: Gross, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we consider cloud RAN architecture and focus on the downlink of an antenna domain (AD) exposed to external interference from neighboring ADs. With system sum-rate as performance metric, and assuming that perfect channel state information is available at the aggregation node (AN), we implement i) a greedy user association algorithm, and ii) a greedy remote radio-head (RRH) clustering algorithm at the AN. We then vary the size of individual RRH clusters, and evaluate and compare the sum-rate gains due to two distinct transmit precoding schemes namely i) zero forcing beamforming (ZFBF), ii) coordinated beamforming (CB), when exposed to external interference of same kind. From system-level simulation results, we learn that in an interference-limited regime: i) RRH clustering helps, i.e., {\it cost-adjusted} performance when RRHs cooperate is superior to the performance when they don't, ii) for transmit precoding, the CB scheme is to be preferred over the ZFBF scheme. Finally, we discuss in detail the cost of RRH clustering, i.e., the piloting overhead (and the elements driving it), incorporate its impact on system sum-rate, and discuss its implications on the baseband processing capabilities of the RRHs.
description: 7 pages, to be presented at IEEE Globecom 2015 workshops
Information-Theoretic Text Hallucination Reduction for Video-grounded Dialogue
Creators: name: Yoon, Sunjae
name: Yoon, Eunseop
name: Yoon, Hee Suk
name: Kim, Junyeong
name: Yoo, Chang D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Video-grounded Dialogue (VGD) aims to decode an answer sentence to a question regarding a given video and dialogue context. Despite the recent success of multi-modal reasoning to generate answer sentences, existing dialogue systems still suffer from a text hallucination problem, which denotes indiscriminate text-copying from input texts without an understanding of the question. This is due to learning spurious correlations from the fact that answer sentences in the dataset usually include the words of input texts, thus the VGD system excessively relies on copying words from input texts by hoping those words to overlap with ground-truth texts. Hence, we design Text Hallucination Mitigating (THAM) framework, which incorporates Text Hallucination Regularization (THR) loss derived from the proposed information-theoretic text hallucination measurement approach. Applying THAM with current dialogue systems validates the effectiveness on VGD benchmarks (i.e., AVSD@DSTC7 and AVSD@DSTC8) and shows enhanced interpretability.
description: 12 pages, Accepted in EMNLP 2022
209.2 Centralize it! : Creating infrastructure to support digital preservation. (Part 2)
Creators: name: Handel, Dinah
name: Prael, Alice
name: Whyte, Jess
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 209. Organizational Context Considerations (discussion panel - chair: Ann Whiteside)
subject: ipres2018
subject: panel

description: ​This panel will discuss the challenges and advantages of establishing centralized digital preservation intake services at large and distributed institutions. Each panelist will present from a different stage of implementation, offering distinct perspectives on the process, followed by a moderated discussion and welcomed questions from the audience. Jess Whyte, from University of Toronto, will discuss the process of conducting a needs assessment and planning for a pilot project. Alice Prael will present the findings from a pilot centralized service for special collections at Yale University and explore the shift from a pilot project to a sustainable program. Dinah Handel will discuss the service management approach as it relates to digitization and digital preservation, as well has how Stanford has centralized their Digitization Services within the Digital Library Systems and Services department to meet stakeholder and inter-department needs. The goal of the session is to develop the discourse around infrastructure, the realities of implementation, and how the paths to maturity are not always linear or singular. The infrastructures modeled in this session can facilitate sustainable digital preservation by centralizing technical services while maintaining distributed stewardship, but are not without their challenges. ​This panel will discuss the challenges and advantages of establishing centralized digital preservation intake services at large and distributed institutions. Each panelist will present from a different stage of implementation, offering distinct perspectives on the process, followed by a moderated discussion and welcomed questions from the audience. Jess Whyte, from University of Toronto, will discuss the process of conducting a needs assessment and planning for a pilot project. Alice Prael will present the findings from a pilot centralized service for special collections at Yale University and explore the shift from a pilot project to a sustainable program. Dinah Handel will discuss the service management approach as it relates to digitization and digital preservation, as well has how Stanford has centralized their Digitization Services within the Digital Library Systems and Services department to meet stakeholder and inter-department needs. The goal of the session is to develop the discourse around infrastructure, the realities of implementation, and how the paths to maturity are not always linear or singular. The infrastructures modeled in this session can facilitate sustainable digital preservation by centralizing technical services while maintaining distributed stewardship, but are not without their challenges.
String-scale Gauge Coupling Relations in the Supersymmetric Pati-Salam Models from Intersecting D6-branes
Creators: name: Li, Tianjun
name: Sun, Rui
name: Wu, Lina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have constructed all the three-family ${\cal N} = 1$ supersymmetric Pati-Salam models from intersecting D6-branes, and obtained 33 independent models in total. But how to realize the string-scale gauge coupling relations in these models is a big challenge. We first discuss how to decouple the exotic particles in these models. In addition, we consider the adjoint chiral mulitplets for $SU(4)_C$ and $SU(2)_L$ gauge symmetries, the Standard Model (SM) vector-like particles from D6-brane intersections, as well as the vector-like particles from the ${\cal N}=2$ subsector. We show that the gauge coupling relations at string scale can be achieved via two-loop renormalization group equation running for all these supersymmetric Pati-Salam models. Therefore, we propose a concrete way to obtain the string-scale gauge coupling realtions for the generic intersecting D-brane models.
description: 40 pages, 23 figures, and 40 tables; references added, published version
402.2 PDF Mayhem: Is Broken Really Broken?
Creators: name: Helin, Heikki
name: Koivunen, Kimmo
name: Kylander, Johan
name: Lehtonen, Juha
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 402. Formats (paper presentations- chair: Bonnie Gordon)
subject: ipres2018
subject: short paper

description: In this paper, we focus on the quality of PDF files. We are interested in errors that validators report during the validation process: how accurate are these errors and can we build easy workarounds to avoid or even fix these problems? We present our findings from a pilot experiment where we validated more than 200,000 PDF files from well-known corpora with different validators and found several thousand problematic files. We then devised a process of reconstructing the invalid files and analyzing the converted data. Our results show that there are potentially working methods for avoiding problems during the PDF validation and these methods can significantly reduce the workload for preservation specialists who are responsible for the quality of the data. Our further aim is to master and manage PDF validation so that we can build an automated workflow which is able to migrate most of PDF files to PDF/A files during the ingest of a digital preservation repository. To achieve this in reliable manner we need further studies to build on what we have presented here.