cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Singular Isothermal Disks and the Formation of Multiple Stars
Creators: name: Galli, D.
name: Shu, F. H.
name: Laughlin, G.
name: Lizano, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A crucial missing ingredient in previous theoretical studies of fragmentation is the inclusion of dynamically important levels of magnetic fields. As a minimal model for a candidate presursor to the formation of binary and multiple stars, we therefore consider the equilibrium configuration of isopedically magnetized, scale-free, singular isothermal disks, without the assumption of axial symmetry. We find that lopsided (M=1) configurations exist at any dimensionless rotation rate, including zero. Multiple-lobed (M = 2, 3, 4, ...) configurations bifurcate from an underlying axisymmetric sequence at progressively higher dimensionless rates of rotation, but such nonaxisymmetric sequences always terminate in shockwaves before they have a chance to fission into separate bodies. We advance the hypothesis that binary and multiple star-formation from smooth (i.e., not highly turbulent) starting states that are supercritical but in unstable mechanical balance requires the rapid (i.e., dynamical) loss of magnetic flux at some stage of the ensuing gravitational collapse.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Analysing and quantifying chronic stress‐associated endogenous steroids in hair samples
Creators: name: Grafinger, Katharina
name: Kassis, Wassilis
name: Favre, Céline Anne
name: Aksoy, Dilan
name: Gaugler, Stefan
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2024
Subjects: Stress
Haircortisol

description: In previous studies, various steroids have been associated with stress and have therefore been quantified to investigate stress‐related questions. Since the main stress‐related steroid cortisol follows a circadian rhythm, often hair is analysed to quantify this steroid. Further, hair analysis gives the unique possibility of long‐time monitoring by analysing a certain segment of hair, since hair grows on average 1 cm per month. Hair is a difficult matrix due to the complex sample preparation with many steps including washing and grinding, followed by various extraction steps. Additionally, steroids are endogenous and are therefore present in the hair matrix. Hence, no analyte free matrix is available, which is needed for the quantification via external calibrators. To overcome this problem, the so‐called surrogate methods can be used, for which a 13 C 3 labelled or deuterated reference compound of the steroid of interest is used for quantification. In the present study, a surrogate method was developed and fully validated for the quantitative analysis of seven steroids in human hair. Validation experiments showed that the method is further suitable for semi‐quantitative analysis of estradiol. However, it is not suitable for the analysis of androsterone and DHEAS. The method was successfully used to analyse steroids in a comprehensive study of 360 adolescent hair samples, enabling research into stress markers.
Affine functions and series with co-inductive real numbers
Creators: name: Bertot, Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We extend the work of A. Ciaffaglione and P. Di Gianantonio on mechanical verification of algorithms for exact computation on real numbers, using infinite streams of digits implemented as co-inductive types. Four aspects are studied: the first aspect concerns the proof that digit streams can be related to the axiomatized real numbers that are already axiomatized in the proof system (axiomatized, but with no fixed representation). The second aspect re-visits the definition of an addition function, looking at techniques to let the proof search mechanism perform the effective construction of an algorithm that is correct by construction. The third aspect concerns the definition of a function to compute affine formulas with positive rational coefficients. This should be understood as a testbed to describe a technique to combine co-recursion and recursion to obtain a model for an algorithm that appears at first sight to be outside the expressive power allowed by the proof system. The fourth aspect concerns the definition of a function to compute series, with an application on the series that is used to compute Euler's number e. All these experiments should be reproducible in any proof system that supports co-inductive types, co-recursion and general forms of terminating recursion, but we performed with the Coq system [12, 3, 14].
Effective Theory for Parity Conserving $QED_3$
Creators: name: Aitchison, I. J. R.
name: Fosco, C. D.
name: Mazzitelli, F. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a higher derivative effective theory for an Abelian gauge field in three dimensions, which represents the result of integrating out heavy matter fields interacting with a classical gauge field in a parity-conserving way. We retain terms containing up to two derivatives of $F_{μν}$, but make no assumption about the strength of this field. We then quantize the gauge field, and compute the one-loop effective action for a constant $\fmn$. The result is explicitly evaluated for the case of a constant magnetic field.
description: 15 pages, LateX, no figures
Distinguishing Spin-Aligned and Isotropic Black Hole Populations With Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Farr, Will M.
name: Stevenson, Simon
name: Miller, M. Coleman
name: Mandel, Ilya
name: Farr, Ben
name: Vecchio, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first direct detections of gravitational waves from merging binary black holes open a unique window into the binary black hole formation environment. One promising environmental signature is the angular distribution of the black hole spins; systems formed through dynamical interactions among already-compact objects are expected to have isotropic spin orientations whereas binaries formed from pairs of stars born together are more likely to have spins preferentially aligned with the binary orbital angular momentum. We consider existing gravitational wave measurements of the binary effective spin, the best-measured combination of spin parameters, in the four likely binary black hole detections GW150914, LVT151012, GW151226, and GW170104. If binary black hole spin magnitudes extend to high values we show that the data exhibit a $2.4σ$ ($0.015$ odds ratio) preference for an isotropic angular distribution over an aligned one. By considering the effect of 10 additional detections, we show that such an augmented data set would enable in most cases a preference stronger than $5σ$ ($2.9 \times 10^{-7}$ odds ratio). The existing preference for either an isotropic spin distribution or low spin magnitudes for the observed systems will be confirmed (or overturned) confidently in the near future.
description: 32 pages, 9 figures, code and document at https://github.com/farr/AlignedVersusIsoSpin/ ; updated to use custom LaTeX class to include figures in PDF
Phase measurements at the theoretical limit
Creators: name: Berry, D. W.
name: Wiseman, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that the result of any phase measurement on an optical mode made using linear optics has an introduced uncertainty in addition to the intrinsic quantum phase uncertainty of the state of the mode. The best previously published technique [H. M. Wiseman and R.B. Killip, Phys. Rev. A 57, 2169 (1998)] is an adaptive technique that introduces a phase variance that scales as n^{-1.5}, where n is the mean photon number of the state. This is far above the minimum intrinsic quantum phase variance of the state, which scales as n^{-2}. It has been shown that a lower limit to the phase variance that is introduced scales as ln(n)/n^2. Here we introduce an adaptive technique that attains this theoretical lower limit.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, updated with better feedback scheme
title: Francisella spp. infections in farmed and wild fish
Creators: name: Colquhoun, Duncan J.
name: Zerihun, Adam
name: Mikalsen, Jarle
Publisher: name: ASC 2008 - Theme session D
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Bacteria within the genus Francisella are non-motile, Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, facultatively intracellular cocco-bacilli. While the genus includes pathogens of warm-blooded animals including humans, and potential bioterror agents, there is also increasing evidence of a number of as yet unrecognised environmental species. Due to their nutritionally fastidious nature, bacteria of the genus Francisella are generally difficult to culture, and growth is also commonly inhibited by the presence of other bacteria within sample material. For these reasons, Francisella-related fish disease may be under-diagnosed. Following the discovery in 2004/2005 that a granulomatous disease in farmed and wild Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is caused by a previously undescribed member of this genus (Francisella philomiragia subsp. noatunensis), similar diseases have been identified in fish in at least seven countries around the world. These infections affect both freshwater and marine fish species and involve bacteria more or less closely related to F. philomiragia subsp. philomiragia, an opportunistic human pathogen. Recent work relating to characterisation of the disease/s, classification of fish pathogenic Francisella spp. and vaccine development will be presented. The potential impact of francisellosis in wild and farmed fish on a global perspective will also be discussed.
Probing The Local Environment of the Supernova Remnant HESS J1731-347 with CO and CS Observations
Creators: name: Maxted, Nigel
name: Burton, Michael
name: Braiding, Catherine
name: Rowell, Gavin
name: Sano, Hidetoshi
name: Voisin, Fabien
name: Capasso, Massimo
name: Pühlhofer, Gerd
name: Fukui, Yasuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shell-type supernova remnant HESS J1731$-$347 emits TeV gamma-rays, and is a key object for the study of the cosmic ray acceleration potential of supernova remnants. We use 0.5-1 arcminute Mopra CO/CS(1-0) data in conjunction with HI data to calculate column densities towards the HESS J1731$-$347 region. We trace gas within at least four Galactic arms, typically tracing total (atomic+molecular) line-of-sight H column densities of 2-3$\times$10$^{22}$ cm$^{-2}$. Assuming standard X-factor values and that most of the HI/CO emission seen towards HESS J1731$-$347 is on the near-side of the Galaxy, X-ray absorption column densities are consistent with HI+CO-derived column densities foreground to, but not beyond, the Scutum-Crux Galactic arm, suggesting a kinematic distance of $\sim$3.2 kpc for HESS J1731$-$347. At this kinematic distance, we also find dense, infrared-dark gas traced by CS(1-0) emission coincident with the north of HESS J1731$-$347, the nearby HII region G353.43$-$0.37 and the nearby unidentified gamma-ray source HESS J1729$-$345. This dense gas lends weight to the idea that HESS J1729$-$345 and HESS J1731-347 are connected, perhaps via escaping cosmic-rays.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Planetary dynamics in stellar clusters
Creators: name: Bonnell, Ian A.
name: Smith, Kester W.
name: Davies, Melvyn B.
name: Horne, Keith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how the formation and evolution of extrasolar planetary systems can be affected by stellar encounters that occur in the crowded conditions of a stellar cluster. Using plausible estimates of cluster evolution, we show how planet formation may be supressed in globular clusters while planets wider than 0.1 AU that do form in such environments can be ejected from their stellar system. Less crowded systems such as open clusters have a much reduced effect on any planetary system. Planet formation is unaffected in open clusters and only the wider planetary systems will be disrupted during the cluster's lifetime. The potential for free-floating planets in these environments is also discussed.
description: 8, pages, 6 figures. accepted by MNRAS
Two-channel Kondo Effect Emerging from Nd Ions
Creators: name: Hotta, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss Kondo phenomena in a seven-orbital impurity Anderson model hybridized with $Γ_8$ conduction electrons by employing a numerical renormalization group method. In particular, we focus on the case with three local $f$ electrons, corresponding to a Nd$^{3+}$ ion. For realistic values of Coulomb interactions, spin-orbit coupling, cubic crystalline electric field potentials, and hybridization, we find a residual entropy of $0.5\log 2$, a characteristic of two-channel Kondo phenomena, for the wide range of parameters of the local $Γ_6$ ground state. This is considered to be the magnetic two-channel Kondo effect, consistent with the result from an extended $s$-$d$ model constructed on the basis of the $j$-$j$ coupling scheme. Finally, we briefly discuss candidates of Nd compounds to observe the two-channel Kondo effect.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Coq in a Hurry
Creators: name: Bertot, Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: These notes provide a quick introduction to the Coq system and show how it can be used to define logical concepts and functions and reason about them. It is designed as a tutorial, so that readers can quickly start their own experiments, learning only a few of the capabilities of the system. A much more comprehensive study is provided in [1], which also provides an extensive collection of exercises to train on.
Review of image quality measures for solar imaging
Creators: name: Popowicz, Adam
name: Radlak, Krystian
name: Bernacki, Krzysztof
name: Orlov, Valeri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observations of solar photosphere from the ground encounter significant problems due to the presence of Earth's turbulent atmosphere. Prior to applying image reconstruction techniques, the frames obtained in most favorable atmospheric conditions (so-called lucky frames) have to be carefully selected. However, the estimation of the quality of images containing complex photospheric structures is not a trivial task and the standard routines applied in night-time Lucky Imaging observations are not applicable. In this paper we evaluate 36 methods dedicated for the assessment of image quality which were presented in the rich literature over last 40 years. We compare their effectiveness on simulated solar observations of both active regions and granulation patches, using reference data obtained by the Solar Optical Telescope on the Hindoe satellite. To create the images affected by a known degree of atmospheric degradation, we employ the Random Wave Vector method which faithfully models all the seeing characteristics. The results provide useful information about the methods performance depending on the average seeing conditions expressed by the ratio of the telescope's aperture to the Fried parameter, $D/r_0$. The comparison identifies three methods for consideration by observers: Helmli and Scherer's Mean, Median Filter Gradient Similarity, and Discrete Cosine Transform Energy Ratio. While the first one requires less computational effort and can be used effectively virtually in any atmospherics conditions, the second one shows its superiority at good seeing ($D/r_0<4$). The last one should be considered mainly for the post-processing of strongly blurred images.
description: submitted to Solar Physics
Duality and Orbifolds
Creators: name: Sen, Ashoke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct several examples where duality transformation commutes with the orbifolding procedure even when the orbifolding group does not act freely, and there are massless states from the twisted sector at a generic point in the moduli space. Often the matching of spectrum in the dual theories is a result of non-trivial identities satisfied by the coefficients of one loop tadpoles in the heterotic, type II and type I string theories.
description: LaTeX file, 19 pages, a new example and references added
Additional file 1 of Surface charge-dependent mitochondrial response to similar intracellular nanoparticle contents at sublethal dosages
Creators: name: Jin, Xiaoting
name: Yu, Haiyi
name: Zhang, Ze
name: Cui, Tenglong
name: Wu, Qi
name: Liu, Xiaolei
name: Gao, Jie
name: Zhao, Xingchen
name: Shi, Jianbo
name: Qu, Guangbo
name: Jiang, Guibin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Morphology, diameter, hydrodynamic diameters, and zeta potentials of differently coated AuNPs. Fig. S2. Cell viability stimulated by a series of concentrations (0, 1, 2, 5, 10, and 20 μg/mL) of (A) 5 nm and (B) 50 nm AuNPs with different coatings (BPEI, PVP, lipoic acid, tannic acid, citrate, and mPEG) for 24 h. Fig. S3. Cell apoptosis stimulated by 5 nm and 50 nm AuNPs (5 μg/mL) with different coatings (BPEI, PVP, lipoic acid, tannic acid, citrate, and mPEG) for 24 h. Fig. S4. The standard curve and regression equation of gold. Fig. S5. The fluorescence images of mitochondrial morphology with Mito Tracker Red staining after different coated AuNPs (5 μg/mL) exposure for 24 h. Fig. S6. Fluorescence images of total ROS generation after exposure of 5 nm and 50 nm different coated AuNPs (5 μg/mL) for 24 h. Fig. S7. The mitochondrial ROS levels in macrophages stimulated by 5 nm and 50 nm different coated AuNPs (5 μg/mL) for 24 h. Fig. S8. The activities of complex III and complex V in macrophage upon BPEI-AuNPs and tannic acid-AuNPs treatment. Fig. S9. The content of IL-6 in RAW264.7 cells treated with 5 nm and 50 nm BPEI- and tannic acid-AuNPs (5 μg/mL) for 24 h. Fig. S10. The phagocytic capacity of macrophages after 5 nm and 50 nm BPEI- and tannic acid-AuNPs exposure. Fig. S11. Schematic diagram for surface charge-dependent mitochondrial response to similar intracellular nanoparticle contents at sublethal dosages. Table S1. Multiple linear regression on the contribution of diameter and coating to the mitochondrial response. Table S2. Correlation analysis of zeta potential and different mitochondrial responses.
Fighting topological freezing in the two-dimensional CP$^{N-1}$ model
Creators: name: Hasenbusch, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform Monte Carlo simulations of the CP$^{N-1}$ model on the square lattice for $N=10$, $21$, and $41$. Our focus is on the severe slowing down related to instantons. To fight this problem we employ open boundary conditions as proposed by Lüscher and Schaefer for lattice QCD. Furthermore we test the efficiency of parallel tempering of a line defect. Our results for open boundary conditions are consistent with the expectation that topological freezing is avoided, while autocorrelation times are still large. The results obtained with parallel tempering are encouraging.
description: 8 pages, 4 Figures, Talk given at the 35th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, 18 - 24 June 2017, Granada, Spain
On The Significance of Bell's Locality Condition
Creators: name: Shafiee, Afshin
name: Golshani, Mehdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reviewing the general representation of a stochastic local hidden variables theory in the context of an ideal Bohm's version of the EPR experiment, we show explicitly that the violation of Bell's locality condition is due to the assumption of ``outcome independence'' at the hidden variables level. Also, we show that if we introduce determinism, the assumption of outcome independence will be allowed.
description: 10 pages, no figure, to appear in Annales de la Fondation Louis de Broglie
Sp(4,R)/GL(2,R) Matrix Structure of Geodesic Solutions for Einstein--Maxwell--Dilaton--Axion Theory
Creators: name: Kechkin, O.
name: Yurova, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The constructed $Sp(4,R)/GL(2,R)$ matrix operator defines the family of isotropic geodesic containing vacuum point lines in the target space of the stationary D=4 Einstein--Maxwell--dilaton--axion theory. This operator is used to derive a class of solutions which describes a point center system with nontrivial values of mass, parameter NUT, as well as electric, magnetic, dilaton and axion charges. It is shown that this class contains both particular solutions Majumdar--Papapetrou--like black holes and massless asymptotically nonflat naked singularities.
description: 20 pages, RevTex, no figures, Submitted to Phys.Rev.D
title: Distribution and Biology of the shrimp Plesionika edwardsii (Brandt, 1851) off the Azores
Creators: name: Melo, O.
name: Pinho, M. R.
name: Aranha, A.
name: Gonçalves, J.
name: Menezes, G.
name: Isidro, E.
Publisher: name: ASC 2008 - Theme session C
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Traditional demersal stocks from the Azores (ICES sub-area Xa2) are intensively exploited. Crustaceans are virgin stocks and may be alternatively resources to explore. The shrimp Plesionika edwardsii is considered one of the resources with more commercial potential. However, biological information available for this species is scarce. To address this, survey data, conducted in the Azorean archipelago, with a systematic random stratified design and using two different types of traps (suspended and bottom) was analysed and resumed. The objective of this poster is to resume the distribution and biology of the shrimp Plesionika edwardsii population off the Azores.
An iterative aggregation and disaggregation approach to the calculation of steady-state distributions of continuous processes
Creators: name: Biswas, Katja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mapping of the process on a continuous configuration space to the symbolic representation of the motion on a discrete state space will be combined with an iterative aggregation and disaggregation (IAD) procedure to obtain steady state distributions of the process. The IAD speeds up the convergence to the unit eigenvector, which is the steady state distribution, by forming smaller aggregated matrices whose unit eigenvector solutions are used to refine approximations of the steady state vector until convergence is reached. This method works very efficiently and can be used together with distributed or parallel computing methods to obtain high resolution images of the steady state distribution of complex atomistic or energy landscape type problems. The method is illustrated in two numerical examples. In the first example the transition matrix is assumed to be known. The second example represents an overdamped Brownian motion process subject to a dichotomously changing external potential.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
ANAIS DO I CONGRESSO INTERNACIONAL SOBRE MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS E SUAS CONSEQUÊNCIAS EM TERRITÓRIOS SEMIÁRIDOS (I CIMCCTS)
Creators: name: José do Nascimento Júnior, Braz
name: Silva, Ana Caroline Coelho Pereira
name: Nunes, Elaine
name: Lima, Yan
name: Souza Ribeiro de Oliveira, Lucia Marisy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Aquecimento global
Desertificação
Conservação dos recursos naturais
Modificações do clima
Bioma Caatinga

description: O I Congresso Internacional sobre Mudanças Climáticas e suas Consequências em Territórios Semiáridos (I CIMCCTS) foi realizado dos dias 20 a 24 de agosto de 2024, no Multieventos da UNIVASF, na cidade de Juazeiro da Bahia. Esse evento contou com a participação de mais de mil pessoas, entre congressistas, organizadores, conferencistas, patrocinadores, apoiadores e convidados. Durante o evento foram apresentados cerca de 500 resumos simples e expandidos que se distribuíram entre 17 Grupos de Trabalho (GTs), entre eles: alterações climáticas, agrobiodiversidade e modelos mitigadores de impactos socioambientais; sistemas agroflorestais no Semiárido; saúde e inovação no Semiárido: saberes integrados para enfrentar as mudanças climáticas e acidentes naturais; paisagens do Semiárido sob influências climáticas no Brasil: conservação da vegetação nativa e o uso das tecnologias sociais para o aproveitamento da água; políticas públicas, preservação e conservação dos ecossistemas; clima, saúde e cidadania; crise climática e insegurança alimentar e nutricional; a educação ambiental, agroecologia e qualidade de vida. O  I CIMCCTS foi um evento realizado pela UNIVASF e pela UNEB, através do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Agroecologia e Desenvolvimento Territorial (PPGADT), além do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Extensão Rural da UNIVASF (PPGEXR) e da Secretaria de Meio Ambiente (SEMA) do Governo do Estado da Bahia. A proposta do evento foi, através da Educação Ambiental e da conscientização acerca da realidade trazida pelas mudanças climáticas, contribuir para a reflexão das populações sobre a convivência com a região semiárida do Brasil, construindo com elas um espaço de troca de conhecimentos e tecnologias na direção do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e promovendo práticas como a agricultura com emissão de baixo carbono, restauração de florestas, redistribuição de terras, respeito aos modos de vida dos povos indígenas e comunidades tradicionais e a adoção da agroecologia como modelo de produção.
Effects of geometrical frustration on ferromagnetism in the Hubbard model on the Shastry-Sutherland lattice
Creators: name: Farkasovsky, Pavol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The small-cluster exact-diagonalization calculations and the projector quantum Monte Carlo method are used to examine the competing effects of geometrical frustration and interaction on ferromagnetism in the Hubbard model on the Shastry-Sutherland lattice. It is shown that the geometrical frustration stabilizes the ferromagnetic state at high electron concentrations ($n \gtrsim 7/4$), where strong correlations between ferromagnetism and the shape of the noninteracting density of states are observed. In particular, it is found that ferromagnetism is stabilized only for these values of frustration parameters, which lead to the single peaked noninterating density of states at the band edge. Once, two or more peaks appear in the noninteracting density of states at the band egde the ferromagnetic state is suppressed. This opens a new route towards the understanding of ferromagnetism in strongly correlated systems.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
The star-formation history of the universe - an infrared perspective
Creators: name: Rowan-Robinson, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple and versatile parameterized approach to the star formation history allows a quantitative investigation of the constraints from far infrared and submillimetre counts and background intensity measurements. The models include four spectral components: infrared cirrus (emission from interstellar dust), an M82-like starburst, an Arp220-like starburst and an AGN dust torus. The 60 $μ$m luminosity function is determined for each chosen rate of evolution using the PSCz redshift data for 15000 galaxies. The proportions of each spectral type as a function of 60 $μ$m luminosity are chosen for consistency with IRAS and SCUBA colour-luminosity relations, and with the fraction of AGN as a function of luminosity found in 12 $μ$m samples. The luminosity function for each component at any wavelength can then be calculated from the assumed spectral energy distributions. With assumptions about the optical seds corresponding to each component and, for the AGN component, the optical and near infrared counts can be accurately modelled. A good fit to the observed counts at 0.44, 2.2, 15, 60, 90, 175 and 850 $μ$m can be found with pure luminosity evolution in all 3 cosmological models investigated: $Ω_o$ = 1, $Ω_o$ = 0.3 ($Λ$ = 0), and $Ω_o$ = 0.3, $Λ$ = 0.7. All 3 models also give an acceptable fit to the integrated background spectrum. Selected predictions of the models, for example redshift distributions for each component at selected wavelengths and fluxes, are shown. The total mass-density of stars generated is consistent with that observed, in all 3 cosmological models.
description: 20 pages, 25 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. Full details of models can be found at http://astro.ic.ac.uk/~mrr/countmodels
Experimentally Probing the Libration of Interfacial Water: the Rotational Potential of Water is Stiffer at the Air/Water Interface than in Bulk Liquid
Creators: name: Tong, Yujin
name: Kampfrath, Tobias
name: Campen, R. Kramer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most properties of liquid water are determined by its hydrogen-bond network. Because forming an aqueous interface requires termination of this network, one might expect the molecular level properties of interfacial water to markedly differ from water in bulk. Intriguingly, much prior experimental and theoretical work has found that, from the perspective of their time-averaged structure and picosecond structural dynamics, hydrogen-bonded OH groups at an air/water interface behave the same as hydrogen-bonded OH groups in bulk liquid water. Here we report the first experimental observation of interfacial water's libration (i.e. frustrated rotation) using the laser-based technique vibrational sum frequency spectroscopy. We find this mode has a frequency of 834 cm$^{-1}$, $\approx 165$ cm$^{-1}$ higher than in bulk liquid water at the same temperature and similar to bulk ice. Because libration frequency is proportional to the stiffness of water's rotational potential, this increase suggests that one effect of terminating bulk water's hydrogen bonding network at the air/water interface is retarding rotation of water around intact hydrogen bonds. Because in bulk liquid water the libration plays a key role in stabilizing reaction intermediates and dissipating excess vibrational energy, we expect the ability to probe this mode in interfacial water to open new perspectives on the kinetics of heterogeneous reactions at aqueous interfaces.
description: Manuscript: 14 pages, 3 figures Supplementary Information: 12 pages, 10 figures
title: Linking Marine Protected Areas, Fisheries and Integrated Ocean Management
Creators: name: Charles, Anthony
Publisher: name: ASC 2008 - Theme session E
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technologies and data
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.This paper reviews recent work to address these interconnections, focusing on two fronts: (a) an FAO initiative to examine links between MPAs and fisheries management (FAO 2007), and (b) a pair of recent studies assessing how human dimensions are incorporated into integrated management and MPA development
Temperature dependence of the Casimir effect between metallic mirrors
Creators: name: Genet, Cyriaque
name: Lambrecht, Astrid
name: Reynaud, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the Casimir force and free energy for plane metallic mirrors at non-zero temperature. Numerical evaluations are given with temperature and conductivity effects treated simultaneously. The results are compared with the approximation where both effects are treated independently and the corrections simply multiplied. The deviation between the exact and approximated results takes the form of a temperature dependent function for which an analytical expression is given. The knowledge of this function allows simple and accurate estimations at the % level.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, uses RevTeX
Space-time variational material modeling: a new paradigm demonstrated for thermo-mechanically coupled wave propagation, visco-elasticity, elasto-plasticity with hardening, and gradient-enhanced damage
Creators: name: Junker, Philipp
name: Wick, Thomas
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Hamilton principle
subject: Space-time formulation
subject: Variational material modeling
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik

description: We formulate variational material modeling in a space-time context. The starting point is the description of the space-time cylinder and the definition of a thermodynamically consistent Hamilton functional which accounts for all boundary conditions on the cylinder surface. From the mechanical perspective, the Hamilton principle then yields thermo-mechanically coupled models by evaluation of the stationarity conditions for all thermodynamic state variables which are displacements, internal variables, and temperature. Exemplary, we investigate in this contribution elastic wave propagation, visco-elasticity, elasto-plasticity with hardening, and gradient-enhanced damage. Therein, one key novel aspect are initial and end time velocity conditions for the wave equation, replacing classical initial conditions for the displacements and the velocities. The motivation is intensively discussed and illustrated with the help of a prototype numerical simulation. From the mathematical perspective, the space-time formulations are formulated within suitable function spaces and convex sets. The unified presentation merges engineering and applied mathematics due to their mutual interactions. Specifically, the chosen models are of high interest in many state-of-the art developments in modeling and we show the impact of this holistic physical description on space-time Galerkin finite element discretization schemes. Finally, we study a specific discrete realization and show that the resulting system using initial and end time conditions is well-posed.
Loop Equations for + and - Loops in c = 1/2 Non-Critical String Theory
Creators: name: Nakayama, Ryuichi
name: Suzuki, Toshiya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New loop equations for all genera in $c = \frac{1}{2}$ non-critical string theory are constructed. Our loop equations include two types of loops, loops with all Ising spins up (+ loops) and those with all spins down ( $-$ loops). The loop equations generate an algebra which is a certain extension of $W_3$ algebra and are equivalent to the $W_3$ constraints derived before in the matrix-model formulation of 2d gravity. Application of these loop equations to construction of Hamiltonian for $c = \frac{1}{2}$ string field theory is considered.
description: 21 pages, LaTex file, no figures
Topological Phase Transition Under Pressure in the Topological Nodal Line Superconductor PbTaSe$_2$
Creators: name: Xu, C. Q.
name: Sankar, R.
name: Zhou, W.
name: Li, Bin
name: Han, Z. D.
name: Qian, B.
name: Dai, J. H.
name: Cui, Hengbo
name: Bangura, A. F.
name: Chou, F. C.
name: Xu, Xiaofeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A first-order-like resistivity hysteresis is induced by a subtle structural transition under hydrostatic pressure in the topological nodal-line superconductor PbTaSe$_2$. This structure transition is quickly suppressed to zero at pressure $\sim$0.25 GPa. As a result, superconductivity shows a marked suppression, accompanied with fundamental changes in the magnetoresistance and Hall resistivity, suggesting a Lifshitz transition around $\sim$0.25 GPa. The first principles calculations show that the spin-orbit interactions partially gap out the Dirac nodal line around $K$ point in the Brillouin zone upon applying a small pressure, whilst the Dirac states around $H$ point are completely destroyed. The calculations further reveal a second structural phase transition under a pressure as high as $\sim$30 GPa, through which a transition from a topologically nontrivial phase to a trivial phase is uncovered, with a superconducting dome emerging under this high-pressure phase.
description: 6 pages; 6 figures
On the weak-coupling limit and complete positivity
Creators: name: Benatti, F.
name: Floreanini, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two non-interacting systems embedded in a heat bath. If they remain dynamically independent, physical inconsistencies are avoided only if the single-system reduced dynamics is completely positive also beyond the weak-coupling limit.
description: 11 pages, plain-TeX
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VI, Cart. 190 (11 H 75), 316 folios, f. 0032r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: cartulaire
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VI, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 190 (11 H 75), 316 folios, f. 0032r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VI, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 190 (11 H 75), 316 folios, f. 0032r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Covariant Supplementation Scheme for Infinitely Reducible First Class Constraints
Creators: name: Deriglazov, A. A.
name: Galajinsky, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a rather broad class of dynamical systems subject to mixed fermionic first and second class constraints or infinitely reducible first class constraints (IR1C), a manifestly covariant scheme of supplementation of IR1C to irreducible ones is proposed. For a model with IR1C only, an application of the scheme leads to a system with covariantly splitted and irreducible first and second class constraints. Modified Lagrangian formulations for the Green--Schwarz superstring, Casalbuoni--Brink--Schwarz superparticle and Siegel superparticle, which reproduce the supplementation scheme, are suggested.
Search for varying constants of nature from astronomical observation of molecules
Creators: name: Ubachs, Wim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The status of searches for possible variation in the constants of nature from astronomical observation of molecules is reviewed, focusing on the dimensionless constant representing the proton-electron mass ratio $μ=m_p/m_e$. The optical detection of H$_2$ and CO molecules with large ground-based telescopes (as the ESO-VLT and the Keck telescopes), as well as the detection of H$_2$ with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph aboard the Hubble Space Telescope is discussed in the context of varying constants, and in connection to different theoretical scenarios. Radio astronomy provides an alternative search strategy bearing the advantage that molecules as NH$_3$ (ammonia) and CH$_3$OH (methanol) can be used, which are much more sensitive to a varying $μ$ than diatomic molecules. Current constraints are $|Δμ/μ| < 5 \times 10^{-6}$ for redshift $z=2.0-4.2$, corresponding to look-back times of 10-12.5 Gyrs, and $|Δμ/μ| < 1.5 \times 10^{-7}$ for $z=0.88$, corresponding to half the age of the Universe (both at 3$σ$ statistical significance). Existing bottlenecks and prospects for future improvement with novel instrumentation are discussed.
description: Contribution to Workshop "High Performance Clocks in Space" at the International Space Science Institute, Bern 2015
Towards Small Scale: Overview and Applications of Microfluidics in Biotechnology
Creators: name: Enders, Anton
name: Grünberger, Alexander
name: Bahnemann, Janina
Publisher: name: New York, NY : Springer
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemical engineering
subject: Industrial biotechnology
subject: FOS: Industrial biotechnology
subject: Lab-on-a-chip
subject: Medical biotechnology
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology
subject: Microfluidic screening
subject: Microfluidics
subject: Nanofluidics
subject: Organ-on-a-chip
subject: Point-of-care
subject: Point-of-use
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Thanks to recent and continuing technological innovations, modern microfluidic systems are increasingly offering researchers working across all fields of biotechnology exciting new possibilities (especially with respect to facilitating high throughput analysis, portability, and parallelization). The advantages offered by microfluidic devices—namely, the substantially lowered chemical and sample consumption they require, the increased energy and mass transfer they offer, and their comparatively small size—can potentially be leveraged in every sub-field of biotechnology. However, to date, most of the reported devices have been deployed in furtherance of healthcare, pharmaceutical, and/or industrial applications. In this review, we consider examples of microfluidic and miniaturized systems across biotechnology sub-fields. In this context, we point out the advantages of microfluidics for various applications and highlight the common features of devices and the potential for transferability to other application areas. This will provide incentives for increased collaboration between researchers from different disciplines in the field of biotechnology.
Models for the IR and submm SEDs of normal, starburst and active galaxies
Creators: name: Rowan-Robinson, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models for the seds of infrared galaxies are reviewed, with particular application to hyperluminous infrared galaxies.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures. To appear in 'Far-infrared and submm seds of Active and Starburst Galaxies', ed. I.Van Bemmel, P.Barthel, B.Wilkes (Elsevier)
Benefit of enhanced electrostatic and optical accelerometry for future gravimetry missions
Creators: name: Kupriyanov, Alexey
name: Reis, Arthur
name: Schilling, Manuel
name: Müller, Vitali
name: Müller, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Accelerometer
subject: gradiometer
subject: optical interferometry
subject: NGGM
subject: gravimetry
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::520 | Astronomie, Kartographie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Twenty years of gravity observations from various satellite missions have provided unique data about mass redistribution processes in the Earth system, such as melting of Greenland’s ice shields, sea level changes, ground and underground water depletion, droughts, floods, etc. The ongoing climate change underlines the urgent need to continue this kind of observations with future gravimetry missions using enhanced concepts and sensors. This paper studies the benefit of enhanced electrostatic and novel optical accelerometers and gradiometers for future gravimetry missions. One of the limiting factors in the current space gravimetry missions is the drift of the Electrostatic Accelerometers (EA) which dominates the error contribution at low frequencies (< 1 mHz). This study focuses on the modeling of enhanced EAs with laser-interferometric readout, so-called optical accelerometers, and on evaluating their performance for gravity field recovery in future satellite missions. In this paper, we simulate gravimetry missions in multiple scopes, applying various software modules for satellite dynamics integration, accelerometer (ACC) and gradiometer simulation and gravity field recovery. The total noise budgets of the modeled enhanced electrostatic and optical ACCs show a similar sensitivity as the ACC concepts from other research groups. Parametrization w.r.t. the weight of the test mass (TM) of ACCs and the gap between the TM and the surrounding electrode housing confirmed the fact known from previous results that an ACC with a heavier TM and a larger gap will perform better. Our results suggest that the anticipated gain of novel ACCs might at some point be potentially limited by noise from the inter-satellite laser ranging interferometry. In order to present the advantage of the novel sensors, time-variable background models and associated aliasing errors were not considered in our simulations. The utilization of enhanced EAs and optical ACCs shows a significant improvement of accuracy compared to the currently used GRACE-like EA. In addition, their benefit in double satellite pairs in a so-called Bender constellation as well as in the combination of low-low satellite-to-satellite tracking with cross-track gradiometry has been investigated.