Spermophilus F. Cuvier 1825
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Robert S.
name: Anderson, Charles G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Sciuridae
Spermophilus

description: <i>Spermophilus</i> F. Cuvier, 1825. Dentes des Mammifères, p. 255. TYPE SPECIES: <i>Mus citellus</i> Linnaeus, 1766. SYNONYMS: <i>Anisonyx</i> Rafinesque, 1817; <i>Arctomys</i> Schreber, 1780; <i>Callospermophilus</i> Merriam, 1897; <i>Citellus</i> Oken, 1816; <i>Citillus</i> Lichtenstein, 1830; <i>Colobates</i> MilneEdwards, 1874; <i>Colobotis</i> Brandt, 1844; <i>Ictidomoides</i> Mearns, 1907; <i>Ictidomys</i> J. Allen, 1877; <i>Notocitellus A.</i> Howell, 1938; <i>Otocolobus</i> Brandt, 1844; <i>Otospermophilus</i> Brandt, 1844; <i>Poliocitellus</i> A. Howell, 1938; <i>Spermatophilus</i> Wagler, 1830; <i>Spermophila</i> Richardson, 1825; <i>Spermophilis</i> Richardson, 1839; <i>Urocitellus</i> Obolenskij, 1927; <i>Xerospermophilus</i> Merriam, 1892. COMMENTS: Tribe Marmotini (Moore, 1959). <i>Citellus</i> Oken, 1816 has been widely used, but is invalid (Corbet, 1978c:82; Hershkovitz, 1949b). Includes <i>Callospermophilus,</i> <i>Ictidomys, Otospermophilus, Poliocitellus, Spermophilus,</i> and <i>Xerospermophilus</i> as subgenera (Hall, 1981:382); Gromov et al. (1965) gave the first three taxa generic rank. North American species revised by Howell (1938). Eurasian species revised by Gromov et al. (1965) who also recognized <i>Colobotis</i> and <i>Urocitellus</i> as subgenera; but see Hall (1981:382), who included them in subgenus <i>Spermophilus.</i> Holarctic species reviewed by Nadler et al. (1982, 1984). A key to the genus was given by Rickart and Yensen (1991).
description: Published as part of <i>Robert S. Hoffmann &amp; Charles G. Anderson, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Sciuridae, pp. 419-465 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press</i> on page 444, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353130
description: {"references": ["Linnaeus, C. 1766 - 1768. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis synonymis, locis. Vol. 1. Regnum Animale. pt. 1, pp. 1 - 532 [1766]; vol. 3, Appendix pp. 223 - 235 [1768]. 12 th ed. [Vol. 3, Regnum Lapideum, pp. 1 - 222, rejected for nomenclatural purposes, ICZN, opinion 296]. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 3 vols.", "Merriam, C. H. 1897. The generic names Ictis, Arctogale, and Arctogalidia. Science, 5: 302.", "Brandt, J. F. 1844 [1843]. Observations sur les differentes especes de sousliks de Russie, suivies de remarques sur l'arrangement et la distribution geographique du genre Spermophilus, anse que sur la classification de la familie des ecureuils (Sciurina) en general. Bulletin Scientifique l'Academie Imperiale des Sciences de Saint-Petersbourg, 1844: col. 357 - 382.", "Howell, A. H. 1938. Revision of the North American ground squirrels, with a classification of the North American Sciuridae. North American Fauna, 56: 1 - 256.", "Moore, J. C. 1959. Relationships among the living squirrels of the Sciurinae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 118 (4): 157 - 206.", "Corbet, G. B. 1978 c. The mammals of the Palaearctic region: A taxonomic review. British Museum (Natural History), London, 314 pp.", "Hershkovitz, P. 1949 b. Status of names credited to Oken, 1816. Journal of Mammalogy, 30: 289 - 301.", "Hall, E. R. 1981. The mammals of North America. Second ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1: 1 - 600 + 90, 2: 601 - 1181 + 90.", "Gromov, I. M., D. I. Bibikov, N. I. Kalabukhov, and M. N. N. Meier. 1965. Fauna SSSR, Mlekopitayushchie, tom. 3, vyp. 2 [Fauna of the U. S. S. R. Mammals. vol. 3, No. 2]. Nazemnye belich'e [Ground Squirrels]. Nauka, Moscow-Leningrad, 467 pp. (in Russian).", "Nadler, C. F., R. S. Hoffmann, N. N. Vorontsov, J. W. Koeppl, L. Deutsch, and R. I. Sukernik. 1982. Evolution in ground squirrels. II. Biochemical comparisons in Holarctic populations of Spermophilus. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 47: 198 - 215.", "Nadler, C. F., E. A. Lyapunova, R. S. Hoffmann, N. N. Vorontsov, L. L. Shaitarova, and Y. M. Borisov. 1984. Chromosomal evolution in Holarctic ground squirrels (Spermophilus). II. Giemsa-band homologies of chromosomes and the tempo of evolution. Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 49: 78 - 90.", "Rickart, E. A., and E. Yensen. 1991. Spermophilus washingtoni. Mammalian Species, 371: 1 - 5."]}