cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Constraints of non-oil-related SMEs’ access to bank funding: credit discouragement incidents in oil-based economy
Creators: name: Al Hasni, Rabab Hamad Mubarak
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2021

description: Oil continues to be the primary engine for Oman’s economic growth and sustainability. The growth of revenue from oil has had a positive impact on economic development and social welfare since its discovery in the 1960s. However, the oil market is vulnerable to global price volatility and from depletion, both of which would have an adverse impact on economy growth. The current sharp reduction of the global market price for oil has forced Oman’s policymakers to seek to increase the contribution of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) to its gross domestic product. Banks are the main source of finance for SMEs in Oman to expand. But because of the risks associated with the opacity of SMEs, banks seem reluctant to lend these firms, with the share of lending comprising only 3% of the total bank loan portfolio. Previous studies of the financial constraints encountered by SMEs have largely focused on the supply-side, hence little is known about this issue from the demand-side perspective. The aim of this study is to examine the role of demand constraints on access to bank finance. Specifically, the study investigates the influences of firm-level strategy, banking relationships, and the characteristics of the primary owners of firms and firm-level characters on entrepreneurs’ decisions over borrowing - are firms discouraged from borrowing? Using primary data from a research survey, the study estimates the maximum likelihood of firms’ ability to access finance from banks. The findings reveal that compared to applicant firms, discouraged firms that thought their application would be rejected are those that hold a long relationship for more than 6 years with their main bank, Omani-fronted businesses, and those operate in service and trade activities. The empirical analyses confirms that the discouragement determinants are the opposite of those of firms that have been willing to access banks for credit when required. The results also indicated that banks still rely on collateral and the interest rate to alleviate the problem of lack information even if firms show a good performance in their previous sales growth. This could be attributed to imperfect information, unregulated banking relationships and the impact of the oil economy downturn on banking liquidity. For a policy perspective this research suggests that in order to address information asymmetry within non-oil-related SME sector the Central Bank of Oman should include an SME database within the Banking Credit Statistical Bureau (BCSB) to facilitate information exchange in the market as well as enhancing banking relationships.
Enriching Students’ Conceptual Understanding of Confidence Intervals: An Interactive Trivia-Based Classroom Activity
Creators: name: Xiaofei Wang
name: Reich, Nicholas G.
name: Horton, Nicholas J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Confidence intervals provide a way to determine plausible values for a population parameter. They are omnipresent in research articles involving statistical analyses. Appropriately, a key statistical literacy learning objective is the ability to interpret and understand confidence intervals in a wide range of settings. As instructors, we devote a considerable amount of time and effort to ensure that students master this topic in introductory courses and beyond. Yet, studies continue to find that confidence intervals are commonly misinterpreted and that even experts have trouble calibrating their individual confidence levels. In this article, we present a 10-min trivia game-based activity that addresses these misconceptions by exposing students to confidence intervals from a personal perspective. We describe how the activity can be integrated into a statistics course as a one-time activity or with repetition at intervals throughout a course, discuss results of using the activity in class, and present possible extensions. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
A nonparametrically corrected likelihood for Bayesian spectral analysis of multivariate time series
Creators: name: Liu, Yixuan
name: Kirch, Claudia
name: Lee, Jeong Eun
name: Meyer, Renate
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a novel approach to Bayesian nonparametric spectral analysis of stationary multivariate time series. Starting with a parametric vector-autoregressive model, the parametric likelihood is nonparametrically adjusted in the frequency domain to account for potential deviations from parametric assumptions. We show mutual contiguity of the nonparametrically corrected likelihood, the multivariate Whittle likelihood approximation and the exact likelihood for Gaussian time series. A multivariate extension of the nonparametric Bernstein-Dirichlet process prior for univariate spectral densities to the space of Hermitian positive definite spectral density matrices is specified directly on the correction matrices. An infinite series representation of this prior is then used to develop a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm to sample from the posterior distribution. The code is made publicly available for ease of use and reproducibility. With this novel approach we provide a generalization of the multivariate Whittle-likelihood-based method of Meier et al. (2020) as well as an extension of the nonparametrically corrected likelihood for univariate stationary time series of Kirch et al. (2019) to the multivariate case. We demonstrate that the nonparametrically corrected likelihood combines the efficiencies of a parametric with the robustness of a nonparametric model. Its numerical accuracy is illustrated in a comprehensive simulation study. We illustrate its practical advantages by a spectral analysis of two environmental time series data sets: a bivariate time series of the Southern Oscillation Index and fish recruitment and time series of windspeed data at six locations in California.
Simulating aerosol chamber experiments with the particle-resolved aerosol model PartMC
Creators: name: J. Tian
name: B. T. Brem
name: M. West
name: T. C. Bond
name: M. J. Rood
name: N. Riemer
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Hematology

description: This article presents a verification and validation study of the stochastic particle-resolved aerosol model PartMC. Model verification was performed against self-preserving analytical solutions, while for validation three experiments were performed where the size distribution evolution of coagulating ammonium sulfate particles was measured in a cylindrical stainless steel chamber. To compare with the chamber measurements, PartMC was extended to include the representation of fractal particle structure and wall loss. This introduced five unknown parameters to the governing equation, which were determined by a combination of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis and an objective optimization procedure. Excellent agreement between modeled and measured size distributions was achieved using the same set of parameters for all three experiments. Assuming spherical particles led to model results that were inconsistent with the measurements. The best agreement between model and measurement was obtained for the fractal dimension of 2.3, indicating that the non-spherical structure of the particle agglomerates in the chamber needed to be taken into account. © 2017 American Association for Aerosol Research
Data for: "Evolutionary history of Coleoptera revealed by extensive sampling of genes and species"
Creators: name: Zhang, Shaoqian
name: Che, Liheng
name: Li, Yun
name: Liang, Dan
name: Pang, Hong
name: Slipinski, Adam
name: Zhang, Peng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: classificationCode: 310410
subject: Phylogeny and comparative analysis

description: The raw sequences, concatenated datasets and phylogenetic results generated from the study "Zhang ert al. (2017) Evolutionary history of Coleoptera revealed by extensive sampling of genes and species"
title: The host and microbial response to non-surgical periodontal therapy
Creators: name: Johnston, William
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2021

description: Background: Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent diseases of mankind, characterised by dysbiotic subgingival plaque biofilms and chronic gingival inflammation. If left untreated, inflammation results in irreversible bone resorption and tooth loss, with both nutritional and psychosocial consequences for patients. Periodontitis has become increasingly associated with systemic comorbidities including rheumatoid arthritis, suggesting it’s impact may extend beyond the oral cavity. Periodontal treatment involves mechanical biofilm disruption, which is often only partially successful. Moreover, potentially detrimental systemic effects have been reported following intensive full-mouth periodontal debridement. This thesis sought to evaluate the host and microbial response to non-surgical periodontal therapy. Methods: Clinical parameters and samples were obtained from two independent clinical studies. The first was a longitudinal cohort study (n=42), the second was a randomised controlled trial with patients receiving full-mouth debridement performed exclusively with hand (n=19) or ultrasonic instruments (n=18). Results: The cohort study demonstrated widespread improvement in periodontal clinical parameters. There were no changes in surrogate markers of systemic inflammation or autoimmunity at 90 day follow-up (chapter 2). There were notable alterations to local cytokine profiles (saliva/GCF), which were accompanied by shifts in the subgingival plaque microbiota (chapter 3). The second study evaluated the systemic inflammatory response following full-mouth debridement. Although treatment induced an increase in serum CRP at day 1, there were no differences between groups and the magnitude of response was markedly lower than has been previously reported (chapter 4). Hand and ultrasonic instruments also induced comparable clinical and microbial outcomes (chapter 5). Notably, in both studies, differences in the post-treatment subgingival plaque composition appeared independent of residual disease. Conclusion: There were no differences in the systemic inflammatory response following hand or ultrasonic instrumentation, and the clinical significance of this systemic response must be further substantiated. There was disparity in microbial outcomes following NSPT, and future studies should seek to establish whether compositional differences dictate long-term disease recurrence.
Gray Triggerfish Reproductive Biology, Age, and Growth off the Atlantic Coast of the Southeastern USA
Creators: name: Kelly-Stormer, Amanda
name: Shervette, Virginia
name: Kolmos, Kevin
name: Wyanski, David
name: Smart, Tracey
name: McDonough, Chris
name: Reichert, Marcel J. M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The Gray Triggerfish Balistes capriscus supports fisheries on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. We utilized fishery-independent samples to assess the age structure, growth, sex ratio, size and age at maturity, spawning season, and spawning frequency of the Gray Triggerfish population off the southeastern U.S. Atlantic coast. From 1991 to 2012, 7,685 samples were collected, ranging in FL from 82 to 578 mm and ranging in age from 0 to 13 years. Our study provides key life history information for an exploited population and is the first to comprehensively describe age, growth, and reproduction for a Balistes species. We documented that the Gray Triggerfish is sexually dimorphic, with adult males attaining larger sizes at age and a larger maximum size than females. Sex-specific growth curves were fitted, yielding the following von Bertalanffy equations: FLt = 419[1 – e–0.54(t + 0.61)] for males and FLt = 352[1 – e–0.94(t + 0.22)] for females. This species is characterized by a medium size at maturity (the smallest mature female was 179 mm FL; the smallest mature male was 183 mm FL) and relatively early age at maturity (the youngest mature female and male were age 0). Some shifts in population attributes coincided with a period of increased fishing pressure. Due to tighter regulations on snapper and grouper fisheries, the Gray Triggerfish has become a more targeted species. Fisheries biologists and managers should continue to evaluate potential impacts and establish management regulations that consider the region-specific reproductive season, size and age at maturity, and sex-specific differences in growth documented in this study. Received April 20, 2016; accepted January 9, 2017 Published online March 30, 2017
title: The industrious man and the drunkard
title: Celui dont on a honte et celui dont on est fier
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Roulon-Doko, Paulette
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Gbaya
subject: gya

description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
title: Wanto et la liane Mucuna
title: Wanto and the Mucuna liane
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Roulon-Doko, Paulette
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Gbaya
subject: gya
subject: anthropological_linguistics
subject: chantefable
subject: Wanto
subject: travail du gendre
subject: liane Mucuna

description: conte du héros civilisateur Wanto
description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
Supplementary Materials from Zebrafish nephrosin helps host defense against Escherichia coli infection
Creators: name: Di, Qianqian
name: Lin, Qing
name: Huang, Zhibin
name: Chi, Yali
name: Chen, Xiaohui
name: ZHANG, Wenqing
name: Zhang, Yiyue
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017

description: Supplemental figures and table.
A new caffeic acid tetramer from the Dracocephalum moldavica L.
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun-Liang
name: Yan, Ren-Jie
name: Yu, Ning
name: Zhang, Xue
name: Chen, Dai-Jie
name: Wu, Tong
name: Xin, Jian-Guo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: A new caffeic acid tetramer compound, named (+) methyl rabdosiin (4), together with seven known caffeic acid multimers (1–3, 5–8) and one caffeic acid monomer (9), were isolated from the aerial parts of Dracocephalum moldavica L. The structures of these compounds were assigned on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometry analyses. The protective effects of compounds 2–4 against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced apoptosis were evaluated in primary cardiomyocytes of SD neonatal rats in vitro by the MTT method. Three compounds exhibited potent protective activities at 12.5 μg/mL.
Potentially Active Iron, Sulfur, and Sulfate Reducing Bacteria in Skagerrak and Bothnian Bay Sediments
Creators: name: Reyes, Carolina
name: Schneider, Dominik
name: Thürmer, Andrea
name: Ajinkya Kulkarni
name: Lipka, Marko
name: Saar Y. Sztejrenszus
name: Böttcher, Michael E.
name: Daniel, Rolf
name: Friedrich, Michael W.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: In many marine surface sediments, the reduction of manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) oxides is obscured by sulfate reduction, which is regarded as the predominant anaerobic microbial respiration process. However, many dissimilatory sulfate and sulfur reducing microorganisms are known to utilize alternative electron acceptors such as metal oxides. In this study, we tested whether sulfate and sulfur reducing bacteria are linked to metal oxide reduction based on biogeochemical modeling of porewater concentration profiles of Mn2+ and Fe2+ in Bothnian Bay (BB) and Skagerrak (SK) sediments. Steady-state modeling of Fe2+ and Mn2+ porewater profiles revealed zones of net Fe (0–9 cm BB; ∼10 and 20 cm SK) and Mn (0–5 cm BB; 2–8 cm SK) species transformations. 16S rRNA pyrosequencing analysis of the in-situ community showed that Desulfobacteraceae, Desulfuromonadaceae and Desulfobulbaceae were present in the zone of Fe-reduction of both sediments. Rhodobacteraceae were also detected at high relative abundance in both sediments. BB sediments appeared to harbor a greater diversity of potential Fe-reducers compared to SK. Additionally, when the upper 10 cm of sediment from the SK was incubated with lepidocrocite and acetate, Desulfuromonas was the dominant bacteria. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) results showed decreasing dsrA gene copy numbers with depth coincided with decreased Fe-reduction activity. Our results support the idea that sulfur and sulfate reducing bacteria contribute to Fe-reduction in the upper centimeters of both sediments.
title: 02_0135
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
title: Lipid-specific IgM antibodies in multiple sclerosis and viral immunity
Creators: name: Hayden, Lorna Rebecca
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2021

description: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) and the leading cause of disability in young adults. Over the last 20 years, a plethora of drugs have been approved for the treatment of MS, many of which target the immune response to reduce CNS inflammation. Although effective, many of these therapies have been associated with an increased risk of developing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), a fatal infection of the CNS by the John Cunningham virus. As a result, these effective therapeutics are used with caution pending the establishment of reliable risk stratification tools. A recent association between intrathecal lipid-reactive IgM synthesis and reduced incidence of PML in natalizumab-treated MS prompted our investigation into the antiviral properties of lipid-reactive IgM antibodies. Using murine heterogenous CNS cultures, we investigated the antiviral properties of both human and mouse IgMs. Initial investigations focused on the sulfatide-reactive IgM O4, a major target of the IgM response in MS patients. Using microarray analysis, RT-qPCR, and fluorescence in situ hybridisation, alongside genetic knock-out cultures and a range of pharmacological inhibitors, it was deduced that O4 could stimulate microglia to upregulate interferon beta (IFN-β) in a cGAS-STING-dependent manner, triggering global interferon stimulated gene (ISG) expression in major cell-types of the CNS. This interferon (IFN) response limited the replication of two genetically unrelated viruses, with final experiments focused on developing an in vivo model to investigate these antiviral IgMs. The data presented in this thesis provide a plausible explanation for the association between intrathecal IgM synthesis and reduced incidence of PML in natalizumab-treated MS patients. This research will aid risk stratification of MS patients, allowing safe access to effective therapeutics. Further understanding of the mechanism of this antibody-mediated response could lead to the development of an antiviral therapy for use as a co-treatment in MS or as a broad-spectrum therapeutic for the treatment of viral encephalitis.
GRS-CRC-201707-team6-documents
Creators: name: Hendrey, Thomas
name: Mozhdeh Dehghani
name: Yuxin Zhang
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 80702 Health Informatics
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: 2017 Graduate Research Students' Day - Collaborative Research Challenge - Team 6
Potentially active iron, sulfur and sulfate reducing bacteria in Skagerrak and Bothnian Bay Sediments
Creators: name: Reyes, Carolina
name: Schneider, Dominik
name: Thürmer, Andrea
name: Ajinkya Kulkarni
name: Lipka, Marko
name: Saar Y. Sztejrenszus
name: Böttcher, Michael E.
name: Daniel, Rolf
name: Friedrich, Michael W.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: In many marine surface sediments, the reduction of manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) oxides is obscured by sulfate reduction, which is regarded as the predominant anaerobic microbial respiration process. However, many dissimilatory sulfate and sulfur reducing microorganisms are known to utilize alternative electron acceptors such as metal oxides. In this study, we tested whether sulfate and sulfur reducing bacteria are linked to metal oxide reduction based on biogeochemical modelling of porewater concentration profiles of Mn2+ and Fe2+ in Bothnian Bay (BB) and Skagerrak (SK) sediments. Steady state modelling of Fe2+ and Mn2+ porewater profiles revealed zones of net Fe (0- 9 cm BB; ∼10 and 20 cm SK) and Mn (0-5 cm BB; 2-8 cm SK) species transformations. 16S rRNA pyrosequencing analysis of the in-situ community showed that Desulfobacteraceae, Desulfuromonadaceae and Desulfobulbaceae were present in the zone of Fe-reduction of both sediments. Rhodobacteraceae were also detected at high relative abundance in both sediments. BB sediments appeared to harbor a greater diversity of potential Fe-reducers compared to SK. Additionally, when the upper 10 cm of sediment from the SK was incubated with lepidocrocite and acetate, Desulfuromonas was the dominant bacteria. Real time quantitative PCR (qPCR) results showed decreasing dsrA gene copy numbers with depth coincided with decreased Fe-reduction activity. Our results support the idea that sulfur and sulfate reducing bacteria contribute to Fe-reduction in the upper centimeters of both sediments.
Simulating aerosol chamber experiments with the particle-resolved aerosol model PartMC
Creators: name: J. Tian
name: B. Brem
name: M. West
name: T. C. Bond
name: M. J. Rood
name: N. Riemer
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Hematology

description: This paper presents a verification and validation study of the stochastic particle-resolved aerosol model PartMC. Model verification was performed against self-preserving analytical solutions, while for validation three experiments were performed where the size distribution evolution of coagulating ammonium sulfate particles was measured in a cylindrical stainless steel chamber. To compare with the chamber measurements, PartMC was extended to include the representation of fractal particle structure and wall loss. This introduced five unknown parameters to the governing equation, which were determined by a combination of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis and an objective optimization procedure. Excellent agreement between modeled and measured size distributions was achieved using the same set of parameters for all three experiments. Assuming spherical particles led to model results that were inconsistent with the measurements. The best agreement between model and measurement was obtained for the fractal dimension of 2.3, indicating that the non-spherical structure of the particle agglomerates in the chamber needed to be taken into account.
МОНИТОРИНГ КОНСТИТУЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ЭТНИЧЕСКИХ ОБЩНОСТЕЙ КАК СРЕДСТВО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ЗДОРОВЬЕМ
Creators: name: ТХАГАПСОВА ГАЛИНА ГРИГОРЬЕВНА
Publisher: name: Вестник Майкопского государственного технологического университета
Year: 2019
Subjects: КОНСТИТУЦИОЛОГИЯ
МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ АНТРОПОЛОГИЯ
АДЫГИ
АНТРОПОСКОПИЯ
ЗАБОЛЕВАЕМОСТЬ
ЗДОРОВЬЕ
CONSTITUTIONOLOGY
MEDICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
THE ADYGHS
ANTHROPOSCOPY
MORBIDITY
HEALTH

description: Обзор посвящен актуальности конституциологии одному из направлений новой научной дисциплины медицинской антропологии. Дана общая характеристика понятия конституция и освещены этапы его становления как научного направления. Автор выделяет начало ХХ в. как особый период в развитии отечественной конституциологии, связанный с созданием широкой сети антропологических центров в системе академий наук союзных республик и обществ при университетах, способствовавших расширению диапазона антропологических исследований. Активная работа центров этого периода позволила собрать значительный объём информации, отразившейся в монографических публикациях и статьях, позволивших дать достаточно полную соматологическую съемку народов Советского Союза. Автор рассматривает исторические материалы указанного периода, посвященные исследованию антропологии и состоянию здоровья адыгов. Исследования были проведены в 1928 г. Экспедицию возглавил заведующий кафедрой общей патологии и патологической физиологии Северо-Кавказского государственного университета профессор К.Р. Мирам. Заместителем заведующего был назначен врач А.Х. Бжассо, участниками экспедиции стали высококвалифицированные врачи из Краснодара и Ростова. Обращается внимание на научную ценность представленных материалов и необходимость периодического повторения такого рода исследований, позволяющих оценивать и контролировать изменение состояния здоровья населения и выделять группы риска.
СЕЛЬСКАЯ ПОВСЕДНЕВНОСТЬ В ДАГЕСТАНЕ В 1920-Х ГГ
Creators: name: АМИРХАНОВА МАДИНА МАГОМЕДОВНА
Publisher: name: Вестник Майкопского государственного технологического университета
Year: 2019
Subjects: СЕЛО
ДАГЕСТАН
КРЕСТЬЯНЕ
ПОВСЕДНЕВНОСТЬ
СКОТОВОДСТВО
СОВЕТСКАЯ ВЛАСТЬ
ЖИВОТНОВОДСТВО
ОБОБЩЕСТВЛЕНИЕ
VILLAGE
DAGESTAN
PEASANTS
DAILY ROUTINE
CATTLE BREEDING
THE SOVIET POWER
LIVESTOCK
SOCIALIZATION

description: В статье рассматривается неизученная в региональной историографии проблема повседневная жизнь сельского населения в Дагестане в первое десятилетие советской власти. Особенно актуальны проблемы повседневности для исследования региональной истории советского периода. Становление нового типа общества, которое началось в 1920 гг. в республике, повлекло за собой коренные изменения в социальной структуре ее населения, материальной среде обитания и т.д. Рассматриваемая в статье научная проблема не только не освещалась в трудах дагестанских обществоведов, но и являет собой один из немаловажных аспектов социально-экономической истории Дагестана. Отмечено, что основным занятием дагестанского горца являлось скотоводство. На основе междисциплинарного подхода показаны традиционные формы скотоводческого хозяйства. Характеризуются тяжелые условия быта и труда овцеводов. Синтез микрои макро исторических подходов позволил показать восстановительные процессы в животноводстве после установления советской власти, его обобществления. В статье отмечено, что малоземелье Дагестана обусловило занятия горца скотоводством; наличие пастбищных угодий на плоскости способствовало отгонной форме скотоводческого хозяйства; тяжелый труд овцевода был малооплачиваем; показана работа специалистов сельского хозяйства по развитию животноводства. Делается вывод, что в исследуемый период скотоводство по-прежнему занимало важное место в хозяйстве дагестанского горца. В разведении скота и уходе за ним горец придерживался традиционных методов. Постепенно крестьянское скотоводческое хозяйство сокращалось, уступая место общественному поголовью.
Supplementary Information from Seasonal variation in nutrient utilization shapes gut microbiome structure and function in wild giant pandas
Creators: name: Wu, Qi
name: Wang, Xiao
name: Ding, Yun
name: Hu, Yibo
name: Nie, Yonggang
name: Wei, Wei
name: Ma, Shuai
name: Yan, Li
name: Zhu, Lifeng
name: Wei, Fuwen
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017

description: Wild giant pandas use different parts of bamboo (shoots, leaves and stems) and different bamboo species at different times of the year. Their usage of bamboo can be classified temporally into a distinct leaf stage, shoot stage and transition stage. An association between this usage pattern and variation in the giant panda gut microbiome remains unknown. Here, we found associations using a gut metagenomic approach and nutritional analyses whereby diversity of the gut microbial community in the leaf and shoot stages was significantly different. Functional metagenomic analysis showed that in the leaf stage, bacteria species over-represented genes involved in raw fibre utilization and cell cycle control. Thus, raw fibre utilization by the gut microbiome was guaranteed during the nutrient-deficient leaf stage by reinforcing gut microbiome robustness. During the protein-abundant shoot stage, the functional capacity of the gut microbiome expanded to include prokaryotic secretion and signal transduction activity, suggesting active interactions between the gut microbiome and host. These results illustrate that seasonal nutrient variation in wild giant pandas substantially influences gut microbiome composition and function. Nutritional interactions between gut microbiomes and hosts appear to be complex and further work is needed.
A Reflection on Economics of Microcredit Borrowing in Rural Bangladesh
Creators: name: Alam, Mahmudul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: Economics

description: ABSTRACT: There is no room for denying the critical importance ofmicrocredit for economic emancipation of rural poor in Bangladesh or any suchother country. In analyzing the effectiveness of microcredit program themicrocredit providers (NGOs) use accounting profit of the borrowers’ enterprisesignoring implicit costs on the plea that the opportunity cost of labor is near zeroin those countries. This plea is certainly not tenable. In this research we use theprinciple of economic profit taking into account the implicit cost of family labor.From the results of this pilot study we get the reflection that a bulk of themicrocredit is borrowed for non productive purposes. As high as 24% ofborrowers used the credit exclusively for consumption and debt repaymentpurposes, and therefore demand for payment of interest from them is nonsensical.Only 48 % of the borrowers used the credits entirely for investment purposes.However, they are faced with very low-return investment opportunities in ruralareas. About 68% of them on average had an impressive 83% net return oninvestment available for payment of interest and dividend. But in case of as highas 32% of them average return on investment was not enough even to cover themost minimum or tolerance level of wages for family labors. In their cases anypayment of interest for capital has to be at the expense of the sacrifice of thissubsistence level wages of the family labors. They are trapped in a vicious circleof loans. In the absence of a built in mechanism for debt relief they have noscope to be freed from this bondage of debt. An Islamic microcredit model basedon Mudarabah principle (whereby the lender and borrower share the businesssurplus/profit on an agreed ratio, but in case of loss the lender alone bears theloss) may be a better alternative for them. There are indications that it requires aninvestment of around Tk 12,000 for creating job opportunity for one rural laborfor the whole year.
Associations between the α-terpineol synthase gene and α-terpineol content in different grapevine varieties
Creators: name: Yang, Xiaoxu
name: Guo, Yinshan
name: Zhu, Junchi
name: Ma, Na
name: Sun, Ting
name: Liu, Zhendong
name: Li, Kun
name: Guo, Xiuwu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology

description: α-Terpineol is one of the main monoterpenes found in the grape berry (Vitis vinifera L.) with its concentrations varying in different varieties. The present study was conducted to identify associations between the α-terpineol synthase (α-TPS) gene, a regulator of α-terpineol metabolism, and α-terpineol content in different grapevine varieties. We used a core collection of 61 grape accessions to identify causal single nucleotide polymorphisms in α-TPS, and evaluated the α-terpineol content in two consecutive years (2014 and 2015). Twenty SNPs were detected in the α-TPS coding region and were used in an association analysis. We found that the α-terpineol levels were higher in the varieties with a T/G genotype at S133 than in the varieties with other genotypes at this site. Additionally, we found S1556 (C/T) with a functional effect on α-terpineol content related to the regulation of gene transcription. This study suggests a relationship between α-TPS and α-terpineol content, with the identified polymorphism sites potentially assisting in the molecular breeding of grapevines.
An Empirical Evidence of Fisher Effect in Bangladesh: A Time- Series Approach
Creators: name: Alam, Mahmudul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 50205 Environmental Management
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Abstract This paper is an attempt to trace the relationship between interest rates and rates of inflation in the economy of Bangladesh. In view of this, a time series approach is considered to examine the empirical evidence of Fisher’s effect in the country. By applying OLS and Unit Root test, the estimated value is used to determine the casual relationship between interest rates and inflation for the monthly sample period of August 1996 to December 2003. The empirical results suggest that there does not exist any co-movement of inflation with interest rates and the relationship between the variables is also not significant for Bangladesh. Further, the trends advocate that the inflation premium, equal to expected inflation that investors add to real-risk free rate of return, is ineffective in the country.
АТАЛЫЧЕСТВО - МИРОВОЗЗРЕНЧЕСКИЙ АСПЕКТ ЗАЩИЩЕННОСТИ ДЕТЕЙ В СОЦИАЛЬНОМ ОПЫТЕ ГОРЦЕВ ДАГЕСТАНА: ОРИЕНТИРЫ, КАТЕГОРИИ, ЦЕННОСТИ
Creators: name: ГУСЕЙНОВ ГАДЖИ МАГОМЕДКАМИЛОВИЧ
name: ГИЧИБЕКОВА РАЖАБАТ МАГОМЕДКАМИЛЬЕВНА
name: ШАБАНОВА ЛАРИСА КУРБАНОВНА
Publisher: name: Вестник Майкопского государственного технологического университета
Year: 2019
Subjects: АТАЛЫЧЕСТВО
АТАЛЫК
ДАГЕСТАН
ДЕТИ
ОТЕЦ
СЕМЬЯ
ВОСПИТАТЕЛЬ
МОЛОЧНОЕ БРАТСТВО
ЭМЧЕК
РОДСТВО
ATALYCHESTVO
ATALYK
DAGESTAN
CHILDREN
FATHER
FAMILY
AN EDUCATOR
MILK FRATERNITY
EMCHEK
KINSHIP

description: В статье рассматривается проблема зарождения и развития института «аталычества», как один из обычаев, существовавших в прошлом у дагестанских народов, практически исчезнувший в современный период. Исследуемая проблема, по нашему мнению, будет способствовать раскрытию особенностей социального воспитания детей и обеспечения им социальной защиты в трудных жизненных ситуациях. Приведённые в статье характеристики этого обычая дают нам представление о причинах и специфике функционирования аталычества. Актуальность темы обусловлена тем фактом, что в современный период, в условиях глобальных процессов, при которых игнорируются историческое прошлое и специфику развития различных народов, с ярко выраженными этническими признаками, исследование особенностей общественных институтов, в том числе и аталычества, имеет важное теоретическое и практическое значение. Необходимо так же отметить, что происхождение, история, истинная сущность и общественное значение данного феномена остаются вопросами, до сих пор не получившими исчерпывающего объяснения. В настоящее время аталычество относят к явлениям пережиточным и вымирающим, тем самым привлекает к себе вполне оправданное внимание ученого сообщества. О существовании аталычества в прошлом имеются свидетельства для многих кавказских народов, а утвердившийся в кавказоведческой литературе термин «аталычество» взят от слова «аталык», которым именовалось лицо, бравшее ребенка на воспитание. Особое внимание в статье уделено изучению данного феномена в контексте исторической эволюции дагестанских народов, имеющих, как общие, так особенные черты развития. При исследовании различных аспектов рассматриваемой проблемы авторами были использованы богатый источниковедческий материал по тематике, в частности, труды и воспоминания современников описываемых событий и явлений.
Market Depth and Risk Return Analysis of Dhaka Stock Exchange: An Empirical Test of Market Efficiency
Creators: name: Alam, Mahmudul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: Economics

description: AbstractIt is customary that when security prices fully reflect all available information, the markets for those securities are said to be efficient. And if markets are inefficient, investors can use available information ignored by the market to earn abnormally high returns on their investments. In this context this paper tries to find evidence supporting the reality of weak-form efficiency of the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) by examining the issues of market risk-return relationship and market depth or liquidity for DSE. The study uses a data set of daily market index and returns for the period of 1994 to 2005 and weekly market capital turnover in proportion of total market capital for the period of 1994 to 2005. The paper also looks about the market risk (systemic risk) and return where it is found that market rate of return of DSE is very low or sometimes negative. Eventually Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM), which envisages the relationship between risk and the expected rate of return on a risky security, is found unrelated in DSE market. As proper risk-return relationships of the market is seems to be deficient in DSE and the market is not liquid, interest of the available investors are bring into being very insignificant. All these issues are very noteworthy to the security analysts, investors and security exchange regulatory bodies in their policy making decisions to progress the market condition.
Fair Allocation with Binary Valuations for Mixed Divisible and Indivisible Goods
Creators: name: Kawase, Yasushi
name: Nishimura, Koichi
name: Sumita, Hanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The fair allocation of mixed goods, consisting of both divisible and indivisible goods, has been a prominent topic of study in economics and computer science. We define an allocation as fair if its utility vector minimizes a symmetric strictly convex function. This fairness criterion includes standard ones such as maximum egalitarian social welfare and maximum Nash social welfare. We address the problem of minimizing a given symmetric strictly convex function when agents have binary valuations. If only divisible goods or only indivisible goods exist, the problem is known to be solvable in polynomial time. In this paper, firstly, we demonstrate that the problem is NP-hard even when all indivisible goods are identical. This NP-hardness is established even for maximizing egalitarian social welfare or Nash social welfare. Secondly, we provide a polynomial-time algorithm for the problem when all divisible goods are identical. To accomplish these, we exploit the proximity structure inherent in the problem. This provides theoretically important insights into the hybrid domain of convex optimization that incorporates both discrete and continuous aspects.
title: L'écureuil et l'Ecrabouilleuse
title: The squirrel and the Cruscher
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Roulon-Doko, Paulette
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Gbaya
subject: gya
subject: anthropological_linguistics
subject: chantefable
subject: écureuil
subject: mante religieuse

description: conte animalier
description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
ОБРАЗ И ТЕКСТ В ОТКРЫТИИ ПРОШЛОГО ЧЕРКЕСИИ: ДЖ.С. БЕЛЛ
Creators: name: ЧЕУЧЕВА АНЖЕЛА КАПЛАНОВНА
name: ХУТ ЛЮДМИЛА РАШИДОВНА
Publisher: name: Вестник Майкопского государственного технологического университета
Year: 2019
Subjects: АДЫГИ (ЧЕРКЕСЫ)
ПУБЛИЦИСТИКА
ЧЕРКЕССКИЙ ВОПРОС
ЧЕРКЕСИЯ
СЕВЕРО-ЗАПАДНЫЙ КАВКАЗ
ВЕЛИКОБРИТАНИЯ
ДЖ.С. БЕЛЛ
ЛИТЕРАТУРА ПУТЕШЕСТВИЙ
THE ADYGHS (CIRCASSIANS)
JOURNALISM
THE CIRCASSIAN ISSUE
CIRCASSIA
THE NORTH-WEST CAUCASUS
GREAT BRITAIN
J.S. BELL
TRAVEL LITERATURE

description: В статье анализируется литературная деятельность Дж.С. Белла, британского эмиссара в Черкесии в 30-е гг. XIX в. Уделяется особое внимание историческим аспектам его деятельности по установлению коммуникации между адыгами (черкесами) Северо-Западного Кавказа и пропаганде идей освободительного движения адыгов в Великобритании. Обосновывается вывод, что, деятельность Дж.С. Белла, во-первых, отражала два взаимосвязанных уровня британской дипломатии предпринимательский и политический; во-вторых, способствовала формированию в европейском сознании положительного образа Черкесии. Подчеркивается, что литературное наследие Дж.С. Белла, его позиция по черкесскому вопросу дают представление о взглядах части британского общества, заинтересованного в активизации английской политики на восточном побережье Черного моря. Делается вывод о том, что книга Дж.С. Белла выходит за рамки мемуарной литературы обычного путешественника. В работе много информации об организации повседневной жизни адыгского общества, дается подробный анализ реалий политической жизни адыгов. Литературное наследие Дж.С. Белла представляет для нас уникальный фактический и иллюстративный материал о внутренней жизни Черкесии. Основные выводы авторов сводятся к тому, что установление связей британцев с адыгскими народами способствовало политическому взаимодействию, актуализации черкесского вопроса на международной арене. Вопросы политической, культурной коммуникации, формирование позитивного образа страны это те темы, которые заслуживают пристального анализа.
title: Applications and practical considerations of polarisation structuring by a Fresnel cone
Creators: name: Hawley, Ryan Daniel
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2022

description: The polarisation property of light has been known about for hundreds of years. Often its use in technology has been limited to uniform states, however, more recently light with structured polarisation has gained interest. This is largely prompted by availability of spatial light modulators for generation, and increased computation speed to model complex focal fields. My PhD research has extended upon work carried out during a master’s project where we investigated the use of a solid glass cone (so-called Fresnel cone) for generating vector vortex beams. The aim of this thesis is to report on the potential use of a Fresnel cone in microscopy and polarimetry applications, and practical implications discovered. Expanding on the previous work, enhanced fidelity polarisation states are measured and a newly developed Fresnel cone coupling technique is shown, allowing high-efficiency annular vector vortex beam generation. We demonstrate through simulations based on vector diffraction theory that azimuthally polarised light with OAM generated using a Fresnel cone can provide sub-diffraction limited focal spots, below those of more well-known radially polarised light. Practical implications were encountered, prompting investigation into the effects of phase aberrations on resulting focal spots, and experimental measurement of cone surface topology. We find the uniformity of the Fresnel cone shape and apex angle is crucial to the focussing properties. For polarimetry application, full details are provided for a single-shot full-Stokes polarimeter technique and proof-of-principle experiment, where broadband operation is demonstrated. I conclude by summarising the findings of my research and suggest potential future work in this area.