cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
From discrete to continuous description of spherical surface charge distributions
Creators: name: Božič, Anže Lošdorfer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The importance of electrostatic interactions in soft matter and biological systems can often be traced to non-uniform charge effects, which are commonly described using a multipole expansion of the corresponding charge distribution. The standard approach when extracting the charge distribution of a given system is to treat the constituent charges as points. This can, however, lead to an overestimation of multipole moments of high order, such as dipole, quadrupole, and higher moments. Focusing on distributions of charges located on a spherical surface -- characteristic of numerous biological macromolecules, such as globular proteins and viral capsids, as well as of inverse patchy colloids -- we develop a novel way of representing spherical surface charge distributions based on the von Mises-Fisher distribution. This approach takes into account the finite spatial extension of individual charges, and leads to a simple yet powerful way of describing surface charge distributions and their multipole expansions. In this manner, we analyze charge distributions and the derived multipole moments of a number of different spherical configurations of identical charges with various degrees of symmetry. We show how the number of charges, their size, and the geometry of their configuration influence the behavior and relative importance of multipole magnitudes of different order. Importantly, we clearly demonstrate how neglecting the effect of charge size leads to an overestimation of high-order multipoles. The results of our work can be applied to construct analytical models of electrostatic interactions and multipole expansion of charged particles in diverse soft matter and biological systems.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 1 of REBOARREST, resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a study protocol for a randomised, parallel group, clinical multicentre trial
Creators: name: Brede, Jostein Rødseth
name: Skulberg, Arne Kristian
name: Rehn, Marius
name: Thorsen, Kjetil
name: Klepstad, Pål
name: Tylleskär, Ida
name: Farbu, Bjørn
name: Dale, Jostein
name: Nordseth, Trond
name: Wiseth, Rune
name: Krüger, Andreas Jørstad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1:. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents
Rolling Closed String Tachyons and the Big Crunch
Creators: name: Yang, Haitang
name: Zwiebach, Barton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the low-energy effective field equations that couple gravity, the dilaton, and the bulk closed string tachyon of bosonic closed string theory. We establish that whenever the tachyon induces the rolling process, the string metric remains fixed while the dilaton rolls to strong coupling. For negative definite potentials we show that this results in an Einstein metric that crunches the universe in finite time. This behavior is shown to be rather generic even if the potentials are not negative definite. The solutions are reminiscent of those in the collapse stage of a cyclic universe cosmology where scalar field potentials with negative energies play a central role.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX. Replaced version: one reference added
Fixed domain transformations and split-step finite difference schemes for nonlinear Black--Scholes equations for American options
Creators: name: Ankudinova, Julia
name: Ehrhardt, Matthias
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: nonlinear Black-Scholes models
subject: fixed domain transformation
subject: split-step methods
subject: American options
subject: 91B26
subject: 35A35
subject: 65N99

description: Due to transaction costs, illiquid markets, large investors or risks from an unprotected portfolio the assumptions in the classical Black-Scholes model become unrealistic and the model results in strongly or fully nonlinear, possibly degenerate, parabolic diffusion-convection equations, where the stock price, volatility, trend and option price may depend on the time, the stock price or the option price itself.
 In this chapter we will be concerned with several models from the most relevant class of nonlinear Black-Scholes equations for American options with a volatility depending on different factors, such as the stock price, the time, the option price and its derivatives.
We will analytically approach the option price by following the ideas proposed by Ševčovič and transforming the free boundary problem into a fully nonlinear nonlocal parabolic equation defined on a fixed, but unbounded domain. Finally, we will present the results of a split-step finite difference schemes for various volatility models including the Leland model, the Barles and Soner model and the Risk adjusted pricing methodology model.
Nonlinear models in option pricing --- An introduction
Creators: name: Ehrhardt, Matthias
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: nonlinear Black-Scholes equation
subject: computational finance
subject: free boundary problem
subject: European options
subject: American options
subject: 91B26

description: Nonlinear Black-Scholes equations have been increasingly attracting interest over the last two decades, since they provide more accurate values by taking into account more realistic assumptions, such as transaction costs, risks from an unprotected portfolio, large investor's preferences or illiquid markets, which may have an impact on the stock price, the volatility, the drift and the option price itself.
This book consists of a collection of contributed chapters of well-known outstanding scientists working successfully in this challenging research area. It discusses concisely several models from the most relevant class of nonlinear Black-Scholes equations for European and American options with a volatility depending on different factors, such as the stock price, the time, the option price and its derivatives. We will present in this book both analytical techniques and numerical methods to solve adequately the arising nonlinear equations.
 The purpose of this book is to give an overview on the current state-of-the-art research on nonlinear option pricing. The intended audience is on the one hand graduate and Ph.D. students of (mathematical) finance and on the other hand lecturer of mathematical finance and and people working in banks and stock markets that are interested in new tools for option pricing.
Shocks and UV radiation around low-mass protostars: the Herschel-PACS legacy
Creators: name: Karska, Agata
name: Kaufman, Michael J.
name: Kristensen, Lars E.
name: van Dishoeck, Ewine F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Far-infrared spectroscopy reveals gas cooling and its underlying heating due to physical processes taking place in the surroundings of protostars. These processes are reflected in both the chemistry and excitation of abundant molecular species. Here, we present the Herschel-PACS far-IR spectroscopy of 90 embedded low-mass protostars from the WISH (van Dishoeck et al. 2011), DIGIT (Green et al. 2013), and WILL surveys (Mottram et al. 2017). The $5\times5$ spectra covering the $\sim50''\times50''$ field-of-view include rotational transitions of CO, H$_2$O, and OH lines, as well as fine-structure [O I] and [C II] in the $\sim$50-200 $μ$m range. The CO rotational temperatures (for $J_\mathrm{u}\geq14)$ are typically $\sim$300 K, with some sources showing additional components with temperatures as high as $\sim$1000 K. The H$_2$O / CO and H$_2$O / OH flux ratios are low compared to stationary shock models, suggesting that UV photons may dissociate some H$_2$O and decrease its abundance. Comparison to C shock models illuminated by UV photons shows good agreement between the line emission and the models for pre-shock densities of $10^5$ cm$^{-3}$ and UV fields 0.1-10 times the interstellar value. The far-infrared molecular and atomic lines are the unique diagnostic of shocks and UV fields in deeply-embedded sources.
description: To appear in "Astrochemistry VII -- Through the Cosmos from Galaxies to Planets", proceedings of the IAU Symposium No. 332, 2017, Puerto Varas, Chile; eds. M. Cunningham, T. Millar and Y. Aikawa (4 pages, 4 figures)
Multitask learning for host–pathogen protein interactions
Creators: name: Kshirsagar, Meghana
name: Carbonell, Jaime G.
name: Klein-Seetharaman, Judith
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: MOTIVATION: An important aspect of infectious disease research involves understanding the differences and commonalities in the infection mechanisms underlying various diseases. Systems biology-based approaches study infectious diseases by analyzing the interactions between the host species and the pathogen organisms. This work aims to combine the knowledge from experimental studies of host-pathogen interactions in several diseases to build stronger predictive models. Our approach is based on a formalism from machine learning called 'multitask learning', which considers the problem of building models across tasks that are related to each other. A 'task' in our scenario is the set of host-pathogen protein interactions involved in one disease. To integrate interactions from several tasks (i.e. diseases), our method exploits the similarity in the infection process across the diseases. In particular, we use the biological hypothesis that similar pathogens target the same critical biological processes in the host, in defining a common structure across the tasks. RESULTS: Our current work on host-pathogen protein interaction prediction focuses on human as the host, and four bacterial species as pathogens. The multitask learning technique we develop uses a task-based regularization approach. We find that the resulting optimization problem is a difference of convex (DC) functions. To optimize, we implement a Convex-Concave procedure-based algorithm. We compare our integrative approach to baseline methods that build models on a single host-pathogen protein interaction dataset. Our results show that our approach outperforms the baselines on the training data. We further analyze the protein interaction predictions generated by the models, and find some interesting insights. AVAILABILITY: The predictions and code are available at: http://www.cs.cmu.edu/∼mkshirsa/ismb2013_paper320.html .
Essays in High Frequency Trading and Market Structure
Creators: name: Harrison, Michael
Publisher: name: University of East London
Year: 2023

description: High Frequency Trading (HFT) is the use of algorithmic trading technology to gain a speed advantage when operating in financial markets. The increasing gap between the fastest and the slowest players in financial markets raises questions around the efficiency of markets, the strategies players must use to trade effectively and the overall fairness of markets which regulators must maintain. This research explores markets affected by HFT activity from three perspectives. Firstly an updated microstructure model is proposed to allow for empirical exploration of current levels of noise in financial markets, this illustrates current noise levels are not disruptive to dominant trading strategies. Second, a ARCH type model is used to de-compose market data into a series of traders working price levels to demonstrate that in cases of suspected market abuse, regulators can assess the impact individual traders make on price even in fast markets. Finally, a review of various HFT control measures are examined in terms of effectiveness and in light of an ordoliberal benchmark of fairness. The work illustrates the extents to which HFT activity is not yet disruptive, but also shows where HFT can be a conduit for market abuse and provides a series of recommendations around use of circuit breakers, algorithmic governance standards and additional considerations where assets are dual listed in different countries.
title: ADCO, Sixième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1662), Cart. 30 (G 133), 441 folios, f. 662
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Sixième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1662), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 30 (G 133), 441 folios, f. 662, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Sixième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1662), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 30 (G 133), 441 folios, f. 662, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Padé approximant for refractive index and nonlocal envelope equations
Creators: name: Amiranashvili, Shalva
name: Bandelow, Uwe
name: Mielke, Alexander
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Short optical pulses
subject: Envelope equation
subject: Padé approximant
subject: 78A60
subject: 42.65.-k
subject: 42.65.Re
subject: 31.15.-p
subject: 02.30.Mv

description: Padé approximant is superior to Taylor expansion when functions contain poles. This is especially important for response functions in complex frequency domain, where singularities are present and intimately related to resonances and absorption. Therefore we introduce a diagonal Padé approximant for the complex refractive index and apply it to the description of short optical pulses. This yields a new nonlocal envelope equation for pulse propagation. The model offers a global representation of arbitrary medium dispersion and absorption, e.g., the fulfillment of the Kramers-Kronig relation can be established. In practice, the model yields an adequate description of spectrally broad pulses for which the polynomial dispersion operator diverges and can induce huge errors.
Magnetorotational Instability in Protoplanetary Disks. II. Ionization State and Unstable Regions
Creators: name: Sano, Takayoshi
name: Miyama, Shoken M.
name: Umebayashi, Toyoharu
name: Nakano, Takenori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate where in protoplanetary disks magnetorotational instability operates, which can cause angular momentum transport in the disks. We investigate the spatial distribution of various charged particles and the unstable regions for a variety of models for protoplanetary disks taking into account the recombination of ions and electrons at grain surfaces, which is an important process in most parts of the disks. We find that for all the models there is an inner region which is magnetorotationally stable due to ohmic dissipation. This must make the accretion onto the central star non-steady. For the model of the minimum-mass solar nebula, the critical radius, inside of which the disk is stable, is about 20 AU, and the mass accretion rate just outside the critical radius is 10^{-7} - 10^{-6} M_{\odot} yr^{-1}. The stable region is smaller in a disk of lower column density. Dust grains in protoplanetary disks may grow by mutual sticking and may sediment toward the midplane of the disks. We find that the stable region shrinks as the grain size increases or the sedimentation proceeds. Therefore in the late evolutionary stages, protoplanetary disks can be magnetorotationally unstable even in the inner regions.
description: 23 pages + 16 figures + 3 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 4: of Exome sequencing identifies gene variants and networks associated with extreme respiratory outcomes following preterm birth
Creators: name: Hamvas, Aaron
name: Feng, Rui
name: Bi, Yingtao
name: Wang, Fan
name: Bhattacharya, Soumyaroop
name: Mereness, Jared
name: Kaushal, Madhurima
name: Cotten, C
name: Ballard, Philip
name: Mariani, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S4. Significant canonical pathways represented by unique variants in â affectedâ subjects. (DOCX 28Â kb)
Coulomb screening and electronic instabilities of small-diameter (5,0) nanotubes
Creators: name: Gonzalez, J.
name: Perfetto, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the instabilities that may lead to the breakdown of the Luttinger liquid in the small-diameter (5,0) nanotubes, paying attention to the competition between the effective interaction mediated by phonon-exchange and the Coulomb interaction. We use bosonization methods to achieve an exact treatment of the Coulomb interaction at small momentum-transfer, and apply next renormalization group methods to analyze the low-energy behavior of the electron system. This allows us to discern the growth of several response functions for charge-density-wave modulations and for superconducting instabilities with different order parameters. We show that, in the case of single nanotubes exposed to screening by external gates, the Luttinger liquid is unstable against the onset of a strong-coupling phase with very large charge-density-wave correlations. The temperature of crossover to the new phase depends crucially on the dielectric constant $κ$ of the environment, ranging from $T_{C}\sim 10^{-4} {\rm K}$ (at $κ\approx 1$) up to a value $T_{C} \sim 10^{2} {\rm K}$ (reached from $κ\approx 10$). The physical picture is however different when we consider the case of a large array of nanotubes, in which there is a 3D screening of the Coulomb interaction over distances much larger than the intertube separation. The electronic instability is then triggered by the divergence of one of the charge stiffnesses in the Luttinger liquid, implying a divergent compressibility and the appearance of a regime of phase separation into spatial regions with excess and defect of electron density.
description: 16 pages, 14 eps figures; corrected typos, one reference added
ARS Leptogenesis
Creators: name: Drewes, M.
name: Garbrecht, B.
name: Hernandez, P.
name: Kekic, M.
name: Lopez-Pavon, J.
name: Racker, J.
name: Rius, N.
name: Salvado, J.
name: Teresi, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the current status of the leptogenesis scenario originally proposed by Akhmedov, Rubakov and Smirnov (ARS). It takes place in the parametric regime where the right-handed neutrinos are at the electroweak scale or below and the CP-violating effects are induced by the coherent superposition of different right-handed mass eigenstates. Two main theoretical approaches to derive quantum kinetic equations, the Hamiltonian time evolution as well as the Closed-Time-Path technique are presented, and we discuss their relations. For scenarios with two right-handed neutrinos, we chart the viable parameter space. Both, a Bayesian analysis, that determines the most likely configurations for viable leptogenesis given different variants of flat priors, and a determination of the maximally allowed mixing between the light, mostly left-handed, and heavy, mostly right-handed, neutrino states are discussed. Rephasing invariants are shown to be a useful tool to classify and to understand various distinct contributions to ARS leptogenesis that can dominate in different parametric regimes. While these analyses are carried out for the parametric regime where initial asymmetries are generated predominantly from lepton-number conserving, but flavor violating effects, we also review the contributions from lepton-number violating operators and identify the regions of parameter space where these are relevant.
description: 46 pages, 8 figures. Chapter 2 of the review volume: Leptogenesis: Current Challenges for Model Building, Phenomenology and Non-Equilibrium Field Theory
Absorbing boundary conditions for hyperbolic systems
Creators: name: Ehrhardt, Matthias
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Absorbing boundary conditions
subject: hyperbolic system
subject: Engquist and Majda approach
subject: strict well-posedness
subject: GKS-stability
subject: 65M06
subject: 35L50

description: This paper deals with absorbing boundary conditions for hyperbolic systems in one and two space dimensions. We prove the strict well-posedness of the resulting initial boundary value problem in 1D. Afterwards we establish the GKS-stability of the corresponding Lax-Wendroff-type finite difference scheme. Hereby, we have to extend the classical proofs, since the (discretized) absorbing boundary conditions do not fit the standard form of boundary conditions for hyperbolic systems.
A Closed String Tachyon Vacuum ?
Creators: name: Yang, Haitang
name: Zwiebach, Barton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In bosonic closed string field theory the "tachyon potential" is a potential for the tachyon, the dilaton, and an infinite set of massive fields. Earlier computations of the potential did not include the dilaton and the critical point formed by the quadratic and cubic interactions was destroyed by the quartic tachyon term. We include the dilaton contributions to the potential and find that a critical point survives and appears to become more shallow. We are led to consider the existence of a closed string tachyon vacuum, a critical point with zero action that represents a state where space-time ceases to be dynamical. Some evidence for this interpretation is found from the study of the coupled metric-dilaton-tachyon effective field equations, which exhibit rolling solutions in which the dilaton runs to strong coupling and the Einstein metric undergoes collapse.
description: 32 pages, 4 figures, LaTeX. Replaced version: three new references added. V3: two same interactions in eqn. (2.26) were combined. v4: a mistake in equation (A.8) corrected
Multisource transfer learning for host-pathogen protein interaction prediction in unlabeled tasks
Creators: name: Kshirsagar, Meghana
name: Carbonell, Jaime
name: Klein-Seetharaman, Judith
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of building a predictive model for host-pathogen protein interactions, when there are no known interactions available. Our goal is to predict the protein protein interactions (PPIs) between the plant host Arabidopsis thaliana and the bacterial species Salmonella typhimurium. Our method based on transfer learning, utilizes labeled data i.e known interactions from other species (we call these the source tasks). The first challenge is to pick the best instances from the source tasks, such that the resultant model when applied on the target task generates high confidence predictions. Towards this, we use the instance reweighting technique Kernel Mean Matching (KMM). The reweighted instances are used to build a kernelized support vector machine (SVM) model, which is applied on the target data. This brings forth the second challenge - selecting appropriate hyperparameters while building a model for a task with no labeled data. For the purposes of evaluation, we apply our method on a task where we have some labeled data available. We find that choice of the right source examples makes a significant difference in performance on the target task.
Additional file 2 of REBOARREST, resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta in non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a study protocol for a randomised, parallel group, clinical multicentre trial
Creators: name: Brede, Jostein Rødseth
name: Skulberg, Arne Kristian
name: Rehn, Marius
name: Thorsen, Kjetil
name: Klepstad, Pål
name: Tylleskär, Ida
name: Farbu, Bjørn
name: Dale, Jostein
name: Nordseth, Trond
name: Wiseth, Rune
name: Krüger, Andreas Jørstad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2:. The REBOARREST trial
Attitudes towards Statistics: a cross-country study
Creators: name: Marmolejo-Ramos, Fernando
name: Miles, Andrew
name: Malgorzata Wiktoria Korolkiewicz
name: Fewster-Young, Nick
name: Gabriel, Florence
name: García, Ana María Ruiz-Ruano
name: Puga, Jorge López
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Anxiety
subject: Attitudes
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Code and additional files related to the article entitled "Fear of the unknown: Relationship between statistics anxiety and attitudes towards statistics of university students in three countries" (http://doi.org/10.1111/test.12381) published in the journal Teaching Statistics.
Additional file 5: of Exome sequencing identifies gene variants and networks associated with extreme respiratory outcomes following preterm birth
Creators: name: Hamvas, Aaron
name: Feng, Rui
name: Bi, Yingtao
name: Wang, Fan
name: Bhattacharya, Soumyaroop
name: Mereness, Jared
name: Kaushal, Madhurima
name: Cotten, C
name: Ballard, Philip
name: Mariani, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S5. Significant canonical pathways represented by unique variants in â unaffectedâ subjects. (DOCX 32Â kb)
A Jet Model for the Afterglow Emission from GRB000301C
Creators: name: Berger, E.
name: Sari, R.
name: Frail, D. A.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Bertoldi, F.
name: Peck, A.
name: Menten, K.
name: Shepherd, D. S.
name: Moriarty-Schieven, G. H.
name: Pooley, G.
name: Bloom, J. S.
name: Diercks, A.
name: Galama, T. J.
name: Hurley, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present broad-band radio observations of the afterglow of GRB000301C, spanning from 1.4 to 350 GHz for the period of 3 to 83 days after the burst. This radio data, in addition to measurements at the optical bands, suggest that the afterglow arises from a collimated outflow, i.e. a jet. To test this hypothesis in a self-consistent manner, we employ a global fit and find that a model of a jet, expanding into a constant density medium (ISM+jet), provides the best fit to the data. A model of the burst occurring in a wind-shaped circumburst medium (wind-only model) can be ruled out, and a wind+jet model provides a much poorer fit of the optical/IR data than the ISM+jet model. In addition, we present the first clear indication that the reported fluctuations in the optical/IR are achromatic with similar amplitudes in all bands, and possibly extend into the radio regime. Using the parameters derived from the global fit, in particular a jet break time, t_{jet}=7.5 days, we infer a jet opening angle of θ=0.2, and consequently the estimate of the emitted energy in the GRB itself is reduced by a factor of 50 relative to the isotropic value, giving E=1.1 \times 10^{51} ergs.
description: 8 pages, ApJ submitted
Multilingual Bottle-Neck Features and its Application for Under-Resourced Languages
Creators: name: Vu, Ngoc Thang
name: Metze, Florian
name: Schultz, Tanja
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we present our latest investigation on multilingual bottle-neck (BN) features and its application to rapid language adaptation to new languages. We show that the overall performance of a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) network improves significantly by initializing it with a multilingual MLP. Furthermore, ASR performance increases on both, on those languages which were used for multilingual MLP training, and on a new language. We propose a new strategy called “open target language” MLP to train more flexible models for language adaptation, which is particularly suited for small amounts of training data. The final results on the Vietnamese GlobalPhone database gave 15.8% relative improvement in terms of Syllable Error Rate (SyllER) for the ASR system trained with 22.5h data and 16.9% relative gains for the system trained with only 2h data.
A Factorization of the S-Matrix into Jost Matrices
Creators: name: Krutov, A. F.
name: Muravyev, D. I.
name: Troitsky, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An effective algebraic approach to $S$--matrix factorization into Jost matrices is developed in the case of coupled channels. The Jost matrix is given as a solution of boundary value Riemann -- Hilbert problem. A rational form is assumed for tangent of mixing angle, while there is no limitations for approximation of phase shifts.
description: 15 pages, LaTeX, no figures
Rare FCNC radiative leptonic decays $B\toγ\ell^+\ell^-$
Creators: name: Melikhov, Dmitri
name: Kozachuk, Anastasiia
name: Nikitin, Nikolai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our recent results for long-distance QCD effects in the FCNC radiative leptonic decays $B\toγ\ell^+\ell^-$, $\ell=\{e,μ\}$. One encounters here two distinct types of long-distance effects: those encoded in the $B\toγ$ transition form factors induced by the $b\to q$ quark currents, and those related to the charm-loop effects. We calculate the $B\toγ$ form factors in a broad range of the momentum transfers making use of the relativisitc dispersion approach based on the constituent quark picture which has proven to provide reliable predictions for many weak-transition form factors. Concerning the description of the charm-loop contributions, we point out two observations: First, the precise description of the charmonium resonances, in particular, the relative phases between $ψ$ and $ψ'$, has impact on the differential distributions and on the forward-backward asymmetry, $A_{\rm FB}$, in a broad range of $q^2\ge 5$ GeV$^2$. Second, the shape of $A_{\rm FB}$ in $B\toγ\ell^+\ell^-$ and in $B\to V\ell^+\ell^-$ ($V$ the vector meson) {\it in the $q^2$-region between $ψ$ and $ψ'$} provides an unambiguous probe of the relative phases between $ψ$ and $ψ'$. Fixing the latter will lead to a strong reduction of the theoretical uncertainties in $A_{\rm FB}$ at $q^2=5-9$ GeV$^2$ where it has the sensitivity to physics beyond the SM.
description: 6 pages, talk given at "The European Physical Society Conference on High Energy Physics - EPS-HEP 2017" (5 - 12 July 2017, Venice, Italy)
Multi-Layer Mutually Reinforced Random Walk with Hidden Parameters for Improved Multi-Party Meeting Summarization
Creators: name: Yun-Nung  Chen
name: Metze, Florian
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes an improved approach of summarization for spoken multi-party interaction, in which a multi-layer graph with hidden parameters is constructed. The graph includes utterance-to-utterance relation, utterance-to-parameter weight, and speaker-to-parameter weight. Each utterance and each speaker are represented as a node in the utterance-layer and speaker-layer of the graph respectively. We use terms/ topics as hidden parameters for estimating utterance-to-parameter and speaker-to-parameter weight, and compute topical similarity between utterances as the utterance-to-utterance relation. By within- and between-layer propagation in the graph, the scores from different layers can be mutually reinforced so that utterances can automatically share the scores with the utterances from the speakers who focus on similar terms/ topics. For both ASR output and manual transcripts, experiments confirmed the efficacy of including hidden parameters and involving speaker information in the multi-layer graph for summarization. We find that choosing latent topics as hidden parameters significantly reduces computational complexity and does not hurt the performance.
Simultaneous Deep Tunneling and Classical Hopping for Hydrogen Diffusion on Metals
Creators: name: Fang, W.
name: Richardson, J. O.
name: Chen, J.
name: Li, X. -Z.
name: Michaelides, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrogen diffusion on metals exhibits rich quantum behavior, which is not yet fully understood. Using simulations, we show that many hydrogen diffusion barriers can be categorized into those with "parabolic-tops" and those with "broad-tops". With parabolic-top barriers, hydrogen diffusion evolves gradually from classical hopping to shallow tunneling to deep tunneling as the temperature decreases, and noticeable quantum effects persist at moderate temperatures. In contrast, with broad-top barriers quantum effects become important only at low temperatures and the classical to quantum transition is sharp, at which classical hopping and deep tunneling both occur. This coexistence indicates that more than one mechanism contributes to the quantum reaction rate. The conventional definition of the classical to quantum crossover temperature is invalid for the broad-tops, and we give a new definition. Extending this we propose a model to predict the transition temperature for broad-top diffusion, providing a general guide for theory and experiment.
Additional file 1: of Transferrin receptor 1 is a supplementary receptor that assists transmissible gastroenteritis virus entry into porcine intestinal epithelium
Creators: name: Zhang, Shuai
name: Hu, Weiwei
name: Yuan, Lvfeng
name: Yang, Qian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Figure S1. TGEV invasion didn't affect with the treatment of TfR1 ligands, holo-Tf and apo-Tf. Figure S2. The cytotoxic test of IPEC-J2 cells and the inhibitory effect of Ferristatin II. (DOCX 1138 kb)
Suppression of Transport of an Interacting Elongated Bose-Einstein Condensate in a Random Potential
Creators: name: Clément, David
name: Varon, Andrès F.
name: Hugbart, Mathilde
name: Retter, Jocelyn
name: Bouyer, Philippe
name: Sanchez-Palencia, Laurent
name: Gangardt, Dimitri M.
name: Shlyapnikov, Georgy V.
name: Aspect, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe the suppression of the 1D transport of an interacting elongated Bose-Einstein condensate in a random potential with a standard deviation small compared to the typical energy per atom, dominated by the interaction energy. Numerical solutions of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation reproduce well our observations. We propose a scenario for disorder-induced trapping of the condensate in agreement with our observations.
description: 23th August 2005
On a class of partial differential equations with hysteresis arising in magnetohydrodynamics
Creators: name: Eleuteri, Michela
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: partial differential equations
subject: hysteresis
subject: Preisach operator
subject: magnetohydrodynamics
subject: 35K55
subject: 47J40
subject: 76W05

description: In this paper we deal with a class of parabolic partial differential equations containing a continuous hysteresis operator. We get an existence result by means of a technique based on an implicit time discretization scheme and we also analyse the dependence of the solution on the data. This model equation appears in the context of magnetohydrodynamics.
morphogen: Translation into Morphologically Rich Languages with Synthetic Phrases
Creators: name: Schlinger, Eva
name: Chahuneau, Victor
name: Dyer, Chris
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present morphogen, a tool for improving translation into morphologically rich languages with synthetic phrases. We approach the problem of translating into morphologically rich languages in two phases. First, an inflection model is learned to predict target word inflections from source side context. Then this model is used to create additional sentence specific translation phrases. These “synthetic phrases” augment the standard translation grammars and decoding proceeds normally with a standard translation model. We present an open source Python implementation of our method, as well as a method of obtaining an unsupervised morphological analysis of the target language when no supervised analyzer is available.
Additional file 2 of Host habitat is the major determinant of the gut microbiome of fish
Creators: name: Kim, Pil Soo
name: Shin, Na-Ri
name: Lee, Jae-Bong
name: Kim, Min-Soo
name: Whon, Tae Woong
name: Hyun, Dong-Wook
name: Yun, Ji-Hyun
name: Jung, Mi-Ja
name: Kim, Joon Yong
name: Bae, Jin-Woo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Zoology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Figures (S1–S12).
Probing Leptogenesis
Creators: name: Chun, E. J.
name: Cvetič, G.
name: Dev, P. S. B.
name: Drewes, M.
name: Fong, C. S.
name: Garbrecht, B.
name: Hambye, T.
name: Harz, J.
name: Hernández, P.
name: Kim, C. S.
name: Molinaro, E.
name: Nardi, E.
name: Racker, J.
name: Rius, N.
name: Zamora-Saa, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The focus of this chapter lies on the possible experimental tests of leptogenesis scenarios. We consider both leptogenesis generated from oscillations, as well as leptogenesis from out-of-equilibrium decays. As the Akhmedov-Rubakov-Smirnov (ARS) mechanism allows for heavy neutrinos in the GeV range, this opens up a plethora of possible experimental tests, e.g. at neutrino oscillation experiments, neutrinoless double beta decay, and direct searches for neutral heavy leptons at future facilities. In contrast, testing leptogenesis from out-of-equilibrium decays is a quite difficult task. We comment on the necessary conditions for having successful leptogenesis at the TeV-scale. We further discuss possible realizations and their model specific testability in extended seesaw models, models with extended gauge sectors, and supersymmetric leptogenesis. Not being able to test high-scale leptogenesis directly, we present a way to falsify such scenarios by focusing on their washout processes. This is discussed specifically for the left-right symmetric model and the observation of a heavy $W_R$, as well as model independently when measuring $ΔL = 2$ washout processes at the LHC or neutrinoless double beta decay.
description: 99 pages, 29 figures. Chapter 5 of the review volume "Leptogenesis: Current Challenges for Model Building, Phenomenology and Non-Equilibrium Field Theory."
Noncommutative Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory in three dimensions and its dual
Creators: name: Harikumar, E.
name: Rivelles, Victor O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory in noncommutative three dimensional space-time. We show that the Seiberg-Witten map is ambiguous due to the dimensional coupling constant. To get the dual theory we start from a master action obtained by promoting the global shift invariance to a local one. We also obtain the mapping between the observables of the two equivalent theories. We show that the equivalence between the Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory and the self-dual model in commutative space-time does not survive in the non-commutative setting.
description: 14 pages, typos corrected
Additional file 6: of Exome sequencing identifies gene variants and networks associated with extreme respiratory outcomes following preterm birth
Creators: name: Hamvas, Aaron
name: Feng, Rui
name: Bi, Yingtao
name: Wang, Fan
name: Bhattacharya, Soumyaroop
name: Mereness, Jared
name: Kaushal, Madhurima
name: Cotten, C
name: Ballard, Philip
name: Mariani, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S6. Top 50 Genes from locus-based (FFB-SKAT) Association Analysis (DOCX 16Â kb)
Numerical simulation of quantum waveguides
Creators: name: Arnold, Anton
name: Ehrhardt, Matthias
name: Schulte, Maike
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum waveguide
subject: Schrödinger equation
subject: transparent boundary condition
subject: finite difference scheme
subject: 65M12
subject: 35Q40
subject: 45K05

description: This chapter is a review of the research of the authors from the last decade and focuses on the mathematical analysis of the Schrödinger model for nano-scale semiconductor devices. We discuss transparent boundary conditions (TBCs) for the time-dependent Schrödinger equation on a two dimensional domain.
 First we derive the two dimensional discrete TBCs in conjunction with a conservative Crank-Nicolson-type finite difference scheme and a compact nine-point scheme. For this difference equations we derive discrete transparent boundary conditions (DTBCs) in order to get highly accurate solutions for open boundary problems. The presented discrete boundary-valued problem is unconditionally stable and completely reflection-free at the boundary.
 Then, since the DTBCs for the Schrödinger equation include a convolution w.r.t. time with a weakly decaying kernel, we construct approximate DTBCs with a kernel having the form of a finite sum of exponentials, which can be efficiently evaluated by recursion.
 In several numerical tests we illustrate the perfect absorption of outgoing waves independent of their impact angle at the boundary, the stability, and efficiency of the proposed method. Finally, we apply inhomogeneous DTBCs to the transient simulation of quantum waveguides with a prescribed electron inflow.
Additional file 7: of Exome sequencing identifies gene variants and networks associated with extreme respiratory outcomes following preterm birth
Creators: name: Hamvas, Aaron
name: Feng, Rui
name: Bi, Yingtao
name: Wang, Fan
name: Bhattacharya, Soumyaroop
name: Mereness, Jared
name: Kaushal, Madhurima
name: Cotten, C
name: Ballard, Philip
name: Mariani, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S7. Significant canonical pathways represented by locus-based (FFB-SKAT) association results. (DOCX 14Â kb)
Additional file 1 of Validity of an algorithm to identify cardiovascular deaths from administrative health records: a multi-database population-based cohort study
Creators: name: Lix, Lisa M.
name: Sobhan, Shamsia
name: St-Jean, Audray
name: Daigle, Jean-Marc
name: Fisher, Anat
name: Yu, Oriana H. Y.
name: Dell’Aniello, Sophie
name: Hu, Nianping
name: Bugden, Shawn C.
name: Shah, Baiju R.
name: Ronksley, Paul E.
name: Alessi-Severini, Silvia
name: Douros, Antonios
name: Ernst, Pierre
name: Filion, Kristian B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Validity estimates for a cardiovascular mortality algorithm applied to administrative health records stratified by sex and age group. This file contains estimates of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value stratified by sex and age group (