cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tides in a body librating about a spin-orbit resonance. Generalisation of the Darwin-Kaula theory
Creators: name: Frouard, Julien
name: Efroimsky, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Darwin-Kaula theory of bodily tides is intended for celestial bodies rotating without libration. We demonstrate that this theory, in its customary form, is inapplicable to a librating body. Specifically, in the presence of libration in longitude, the actual spectrum of Fourier tidal modes differs from the conventional spectrum rendered by the Darwin-Kaula theory for a non-librating celestial object. This necessitates derivation of formulae for the tidal torque and the tidal heating rate, that are applicable under libration. We derive the tidal spectrum for longitudinal forced libration with one and two main frequencies, generalisation to more main frequencies being straightforward. (By main frequencies we understand those emerging due to the triaxiality of the librating body.) Separately, we consider a case of free libration at one frequency (once again, generalisation to more frequencies being straightforward). We also calculate the tidal torque. This torque provides correction to the triaxiality-caused physical libration. Our theory is not self-consistent: we assume that the tidal torque is much smaller than the permanent-triaxiality-caused torque; so the additional libration due to tides is much weaker than the main libration due to the permanent triaxiality. Finally, we calculate the tidal dissipation rate in a body experiencing forced libration at the main mode, or free libration at one frequency, or superimposed forced and free librations.
On Calibration Weighting
Creators: name: Kott, Phillip S.
name: Kott, Phillip S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Model unbiased
subject: Randomization consistent
subject: Randomization-optimal estimator
subject: Raking
subject: Nonresponse
subject: Local polynomial regression
subject: Jackknife variance estimator
subject: Coverage adjustment

description: Calibration weighting is a methodology under which probability-sample weights are adjusted in such a way that when applied to survey data they can produce model-unbiased estimators for a number of different target variables. This paper briefly reviews the history of calibration weighting before the term was coined and some major developments since then. A change in the definition of a calibration estimator is recommended. This change expands the class to include such special cases as, 1, randomization-optimal estimators, and, 2, randomization-consistent estimators incorporating local polynomial regression. Although originally developed as a method for reducing sampling errors, calibration weighting has also been applied to adjust for unit nonresponse and for coverage errors. A variant of the jackknife variance estimator proposed here should prove computationally convenient for these applications.
description: An earlier version for this paper was prepared for the Joint Statistical Meetings, August 2003, San Francisco, California.
On the non-minimal character of the SMEFT
Creators: name: Jiang, Yun
name: Trott, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When integrating out unknown new physics sectors, what is the minimal character of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) that can result? In this paper we focus on a particular aspect of this question: "How can one obtain only one dimension six operator in the SMEFT from a consistent tree level matching onto an unknown new physics sector?" We show why this requires conditions on the ultraviolet field content that do not indicate a stand alone ultraviolet complete scenario. Further, we demonstrate how a dynamical origin of the ultraviolet scales assumed to exist in order to generate the masses of the heavy states integrated out generically induces more operators. Therefore, our analysis indicates that the infrared limit captured from a new sector in consistent matchings induces multiple operators in the SMEFT quite generically. Global data analyses in the SMEFT can and should accommodate this fact.
description: 11pp, 2 fig. V2: PLB version and minor typos corrected
Nearly AdS2 Sugra and the Super-Schwarzian
Creators: name: Forste, Stefan
name: Golla, Iris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In nearly AdS2 gravity the Einstein-Hilbert term is supplemented by the Jackiw-Teitelboim action. Integrating out the bulk metric gives rise to the Schwarzian action for the boundary curve. In the present note, we show how the extension to supergravity leads to the super-Schwarzian action for the superspace boundary.
description: 10 pages, v2: minor error corrected, references added,v3: more references added, accepted for publication
Controlling the sign of chromatic dispersion in diffractive optics with dielectric metasurfaces
Creators: name: Arbabi, Ehsan
name: Arbabi, Amir
name: Kamali, Seyedeh Mahsa
name: Horie, Yu
name: Faraon, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffraction gratings disperse light in a rainbow of colors with the opposite order than refractive prisms, a phenomenon known as negative dispersion. While refractive dispersion can be controlled via material refractive index, diffractive dispersion is fundamentally an interference effect dictated by geometry. Here we show that this fundamental property can be altered using dielectric metasurfaces, and we experimentally demonstrate diffractive gratings and focusing mirrors with positive, zero, and hyper negative dispersion. These optical elements are implemented using a reflective metasurface composed of dielectric nano-posts that provide simultaneous control over phase and its wavelength derivative. In addition, as a first practical application, we demonstrate a focusing mirror that exhibits a five fold reduction in chromatic dispersion, and thus an almost three times increase in operation bandwidth compared to a regular diffractive element. This concept challenges the generally accepted dispersive properties of diffractive optical devices and extends their applications and functionalities.
description: 46 pages, 22 figures
Orthogonal Polynomials and Sharp Estimates for the Schrödinger Equation
Creators: name: Gonçalves, Felipe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B37, 41A44, 33C45

description: In this paper we study sharp estimates for the Schrödinger operator via the framework of orthogonal polynomials. We use spherical harmonics and Gegenbauer polynomials to prove a new weighted inequality for the Schrödinger equation that is maximized by radial functions. We use Hermite and Laguerre polynomial expansions to produce sharp Strichartz estimates for even exponents. In particular, for radial initial data in dimension 2, we establish an interesting connection of the Strichartz norm with a combinatorial problem about words with four letters.
description: 22 pages
The formation of direct collapse black holes under the influence of streaming velocities
Creators: name: Schauer, Anna T. P.
name: Regan, John
name: Glover, Simon C. O.
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of a high baryonic streaming velocity on the formation of direct collapse black holes (DCBHs) with the help of cosmological simulations carried out using the moving mesh code {\sc arepo}. We show that a streaming velocity that is as large as three times the root-mean-squared value is effective at suppressing the formation of H$_{2}$-cooled minihaloes, while still allowing larger atomic cooling haloes (ACHs) to form. We find that enough H$_{2}$ forms in the centre of these ACHs to effectively cool the gas, demonstrating that a high streaming velocity by itself cannot produce the conditions required for DCBH formation. However, we argue that high streaming velocity regions do provide an ideal environment for the formation of DCBHs in close pairs of ACHs (the "synchronised halo" model). Due to the absence of star formation in minihaloes, the gas remains chemically pristine until the ACHs form. If two such haloes form with only a small separation in time and space, then the one forming stars earlier can provide enough ultraviolet radiation to suppress H$_{2}$ cooling in the other, allowing it to collapse to form a DCBH. Baryonic streaming may therefore play a crucial role in the formation of the seeds of the highest redshift quasars.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, resubmitted to MNRAS
Smart Phone-Skills and Cheating Tendencies among Prospective Teachers in Tertiary Institutions in Cross River State-.pdf
Creators: name: Inyang, Mary  Imo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The major focus of this study was to investigate the relationship between smart phone use skills and cheating tendencies of prospective teachers in tertiary institutions in Cross River State. The population consisted of all the prospective teachers in tertiary institutions in Cross River State. The researchers employed accidental sampling methods and the final study sample consist of all the prospective teachers (m=121, f = 143)
Quantum ergodicity for the Anderson model on regular graphs
Creators: name: Anantharaman, Nalini
name: Sabri, Mostafa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove a result of delocalization for the Anderson model on the regular tree (Bethe lattice). When the disorder is weak, it is known that large parts of the spectrum are a.s. purely absolutely continuous, and that the dynamical transport is ballistic. In this work, we prove that in such AC regime, the eigenfunctions are also delocalized in space, in the sense that if we consider a sequence of regular graphs converging to the regular tree, then the eigenfunctions become asymptotically uniformly distributed. The precise result is a quantum ergodicity theorem.
Anderson localization of a Rydberg electron along a classical orbit
Creators: name: Giergiel, Krzysztof
name: Sacha, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anderson localization is related to exponential localization of a particle in the configuration space in the presence of a disorder potential. Anderson localization can be also observed in the momentum space and corresponds to quantum suppression of classical diffusion in systems that are classically chaotic. Another kind of Anderson localization has been recently proposed, i.e. localization in the time domain due to the presence of {\it disorder} in time. That is, the probability density for the detection of a system at a fixed position in the configuration space is localized exponentially around a certain moment of time if a system is driven by a force that fluctuates in time. We show that an electron in a Rydberg atom, perturbed by a fluctuating microwave field, Anderson localizes along a classical periodic orbit. In other words the probability density for the detection of an electron at a fixed position on an orbit is exponentially localized around a certain time moment. This phenomenon can be experimentally observed.
description: version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
Supplementary document for Design of metasurfaces with decoupled amplitude and phase response for spatial light modulation - 6172063.pdf
Creators: name: Xie, Rongbo
name: Zhang, Lingyun
name: You, Zheng
name: Zhao, Xiaoguang
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Information
title: CERN Environment Report—Rapport sur l’environnement, Vol. 3 (2023): CERN Environment Report—Rapport sur l’environnement 2019–2020
title: CERN Environment Report—Rapport sur l’environnement 2019–2020
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: CERN Environment Report—Rapport Sur L’environnement
Publisher: name: CERN Environment Report—Rapport sur l’environnement
Year: 2023

description: CERN’s Environment Report outlines the Organization’s commitment to becoming a role model for environmentally responsible research and sets out concrete objectives for environmental stewardship. Le rapport sur l’environnement du CERN démontre la volonté de l'Organisation de devenir un modèle d’une recherche respectueuse de l'environnement et fixe des objectifs concrets pour la gestion de l’environnement.
Planning for a Permanent Agriculture, Including a Summary of the Programs Administered by the Department of Agriculture That Influence the Use of the Land
Creators: name: United States Department Of Agriculture
name: United States Department Of Agriculture
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1939
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance
Community/Rural/Urban Development
Land Economics/Use
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Contents: Part I -- Program Making by Farmers (The Mount Weather Agreement, Reorganization of the Department, Why Farmers Should Take Part in Planning); Part II -- Growth of Federal Responsibility (The Response of Government); Part III -- The National Farm Programs (Agricultural Conservation Programs, The Ever-Normal Granary Program--Stabilization efforts-Commodity loans-Marketing quotas-Crop insurance-Additional features, The Sugar Program, The Rehabilitation Program, The Farm-Tenancy Program, Direct Relief to Farmers, Soil Conservation Operations--Erosion-control demonstrations-Cooperation with soil conservation districts, Purchase and Development of Submarginal Lands, Water-Facilities Program for the West, The Public Forests, Aids to Commercial Forest Owners, Farm-Forestry Programs, Land Treatment for Flood Control, Wildlife Refuges, Road Building and Land Use).
description: Prepared for community and county land use program planning committees.
Corso Breve di Teoria del Controllo. Lezione 4. L’ubiqua presenza dei sistemi di controllo
Creators: name: Mella, Piero
Publisher: name: ----
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sistemi di controllo (SC) in ambiente domestico, SC in ambiente cittadino, Overhead» Control Systems, SC nel macro- ambiente esterno, Daisylandia, Controllo planetario, Global Warming, GEA: il motore del global warming, gulf stream

description: Nelle precedenti Lezioni 2 e 3, è stata presentata la Teoria dei Sistemi di Controllo impiegando il linguaggio del Systems Thinking.I Sistemi di Controllo sono ovunque, in ogni ambiente e con la loro ubiqua presenza, rendono possibile il mondo. La Disciplina del controllo deve insegnarci a “riconoscerli”, abituarci a “vederli”, per poterli impiegare o dominare. In questa Lezione 4 svolgeremo un viaggio mentale attraverso diversi “ambienti”, per riconoscere in essi i Sistemi di Controllo che li caratterizzano. Senza pretesa di essere esaustivi, cercheremo di riconoscere i Sistemi di Controllo in ambiti sempre più ampi, iniziando dall’ambiente domestico e cittadino, per arrivare all’ambiente fisico e sociale. La prossima Lezione 5 sarà dedicata ai sistemi di controllo nelle Organizzazioni. Perché la Disciplina del controllo possa essere proficua, il lettore deve sforzarsi di costruire i modelli qualitativi (anche solo verbali o grafici) dei Sistemi di Controllo che riesce ad individuare e, se possibile, di tradurli in modelli di simulazione.
description: ----, Vol 14, No 2 (2023): ISSUE 2/2023
From Half-metal to Semiconductor: Electron-correlation Effects in Zigzag SiC Nanoribbons From First Principles
Creators: name: Alaal, Naresh
name: Loganathan, Vaideesh
name: Medhekar, Nikhil
name: Shukla, Alok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed electronic structure calculations based on the first-principles many-body theory approach in order to study quasiparticle band gaps, and optical absorption spectra of hydrogen-passivated zigzag SiC nanoribbons. Self-energy corrections are included using the GW approximation, and excitonic effects are included using the Bethe-Salpeter equation. We have systematically studied nanoribbons that have widths between 0.6 $\text{nm}$ and 2.2 $\text{nm}$. Quasiparticle corrections widened the Kohn-Sham band gaps because of enhanced interaction effects, caused by reduced dimensionality. Zigzag SiC nanoribbons with widths larger than 1 nm, exhibit half-metallicity at the mean-field level. The self-energy corrections increased band gaps substantially, thereby transforming the half-metallic zigzag SiC nanoribbons, to narrow gap spin-polarized semiconductors. Optical absorption spectra of these nanoribbons get dramatically modified upon inclusion of electron-hole interactions, and the narrowest ribbon exhibits strongly bound excitons, with binding energy of 2.1 eV. Thus, the narrowest zigzag SiC nanoribbon has the potential to be used in optoelectronic devices operating in the IR region of the spectrum, while the broader ones, exhibiting spin polarization, can be utilized in spintronic applications.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures (included)
title: МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ ПО ПРОФИЛАКТИКЕ И МЕРАМ БОРЬБЫ С ЛЕЙКОЗОМ КРУПНОГО РОГАТОГО СКОТА В КРАСНОДАРСКОМ КРАЕ
Creators: name: Староселов, М.А.
name: Кривонос, Р.А.
name: Черных, О.Ю.
name: Забашта, Н.Н.
name: Чернов, А.Н.
name: Белоусов, В.И.
name: Терехов, В.И.
name: Схатум, А.К.
name: Мирошниченко, П.В.
name: Черкашин, В.В.
name: Тихонов, С.В.
name: Скориков, А.В.
Publisher: name: ФГБНУ КНЦЗВ
Year: 2022

description: В рекомендациях рассматриваются вопросы по диагностике нарушений иммунного статуса телят, принципы коррекции иммунодефицитов, поиск лекарственных средств для коррекции метаболизма и применению иммунокорректоров при респираторных болезнях телят.
Предназначены для специалистов диагностических лабораторий, научных учреждений и практических работников ветеринарной службы.
Patellar Tracking in Total Knee Arthroplasty—Influence on Clinical and Functional Outcome
Creators: name: Dahlmann, Sebastian
name: Ziegeler, Katharina
name: Mau-Möller, Anett
name: Mittelmeier, Wolfram
name: Bergschmidt, Philipp
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: total knee arthroplasty
subject: anterior knee pain
subject: patellar tracking
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Anterior knee pain is a common problem after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The aim of this study was to find parameters in patellar positioning which influence the clinical and functional outcome after TKA. Included were 59 patients who underwent TKA, of which three patients were treated bilaterally (n = 62 included knees). In a periodical follow-up of up to 5 years, each patient had to answer three questionnaires (HSS, WOMAC, SF-36) and underwent three radiographies of the knee (including merchant view) and a clinical examination, including Range Of Motion (ROM). All radiographs were evaluated by a single observer blinded to clinical data, who collected multiple parameters of sagittal and axial patellar alignment including newly developed methods for measuring patellar shift and tilt. Depending on the measurement results, three groups were built for each parameter and the influence on the outcome was determined. A lateral patellar tilt of more than 4 degrees resulted in lower scores for both the HSS and WOMAC. The rarely investigated patellar facet angle showed a significantly inferior clinical and functional outcome in late follow-up of >24 months if lower than 142 degrees, possibly due to progressive osteosclerotic changes of the patella caused by increased contact stress with corresponding patellar morphology. No significant difference was found for all other parameters. The newly developed method for measuring patellar shift has proven to be a valuable and easy instrument in the postoperative setting.
The $ρ$-meson light-cone distribution amplitudes from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Braun, Vladimir M.
name: Bruns, Peter C.
name: Collins, Sara
name: Gracey, John A.
name: Gruber, Michael
name: Göckeler, Meinulf
name: Hutzler, Fabian
name: Pérez-Rubio, Paula
name: Schäfer, Andreas
name: Söldner, Wolfgang
name: Sternbeck, André
name: Wein, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a lattice study of the normalization constants and second moments of the light-cone distribution amplitudes of longitudinally and transversely polarized $ρ$ mesons. The calculation is performed using two flavors of dynamical clover fermions at lattice spacings between $0.060\,\text{fm}$ and $0.081\,\text{fm}$, different lattice volumes up to $m_πL = 6.7$ and pion masses down to $m_π=150\,\text{MeV}$. Bare lattice results are renormalized non-perturbatively using a variant of the RI'-MOM scheme and converted to the $\overline{\text{MS}}$ scheme. The necessary conversion coefficients, which are not available in the literature, are calculated. The chiral extrapolation for the relevant decay constants is worked out in detail. We obtain for the ratio of the tensor and vector coupling constants $f_ρ^T/f_ρ^{\vphantom{T}} = 0.629(8)$ and the values of the second Gegenbauer moments $a_2^\parallel = 0.132(27)$ and $a_2^\perp = 0.101(22)$ at the scale $μ= 2\,\text{GeV}$ for the longitudinally and transversely polarized $ρ$ mesons, respectively. The errors include the statistical uncertainty and estimates of the systematics arising from renormalization. Discretization errors cannot be estimated reliably and are not included. In this calculation the possibility of $ρ\toππ$ decay at the smaller pion masses is not taken into account.
description: Updated to published version
Spinless hourglass nodal-line semimetals
Creators: name: Takahashi, Ryo
name: Hirayama, Motoaki
name: Murakami, Shuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nodal-line semimetals, one of the topological semimetals, have degeneracy along nodal lines where the band gap is closed. In many cases, the nodal lines appear accidentally, and in such cases it is impossible to determine whether the nodal lines appear or not, only from the crystal symmetry and the electron filling. In this paper, for spinless systems, we show that in specific space groups at $4N+2$ fillings ($8N+4$ fillings including the spin degree of freedom), presence of the nodal lines is required regardless of the details of the systems. Here, the spinless systems refer to crystals where the spin-orbit coupling is negligible and the spin degree of freedom can be omitted because of the SU(2) spin degeneracy. In this case the shape of the band structure around these nodal lines is like an hourglass, and we call this a spinless hourglass nodal-line semimetal. We construct a model Hamiltonian as an example and we show that it is always in the spinless hourglass nodal-line semimetal phase even when the model parameters are changed without changing the symmetries of the system. We also establish a list of all the centrosymmetric space groups, under which spinless systems always have hourglass nodal lines, and illustrate where the nodal lines are located. We propose that Al$_3$FeSi$_2$, whose space-group symmetry is Pbcn (No. 60), is one of the nodal-line semimetals arising from this mechanism.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Lead-OR: A multimodal platform for deep brain stimulation surgery
Creators: name: Oxenford, Simón
name: Roediger, Jan
name: Neudorfer, Clemens
name: Milosevic, Luka
name: Güttler, Christopher
name: Spindler, Philipp
name: Vajkoczy, Peter
name: Neumann, Wolf-Julian
name: Kühn, Andrea
name: Horn, Andreas
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Deep brain stimulation (DBS)
subject: Microelectrode recordings (MERs)
subject: Lead-OR
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrode implant trajectories are stereotactically defined using preoperative neuroimaging. To validate the correct trajectory, microelectrode recordings (MERs) or local field potential recordings can be used to extend neuroanatomical information (defined by MRI) with neurophysiological activity patterns recorded from micro- and macroelectrodes probing the surgical target site. Currently, these two sources of information (imaging vs. electrophysiology) are analyzed separately, while means to fuse both data streams have not been introduced. Methods: Here, we present a tool that integrates resources from stereotactic planning, neuroimaging, MER, and high-resolution atlas data to create a real-time visualization of the implant trajectory. We validate the tool based on a retrospective cohort of DBS patients (N = 52) offline and present single-use cases of the real-time platform. Results: We establish an open-source software tool for multimodal data visualization and analysis during DBS surgery. We show a general correspondence between features derived from neuroimaging and electrophysiological recordings and present examples that demonstrate the functionality of the tool. Conclusions: This novel software platform for multimodal data visualization and analysis bears translational potential to improve accuracy of DBS surgery. The toolbox is made openly available and is extendable to integrate with additional software packages.
Electroweak Bubble Wall Speed Limit
Creators: name: Bodeker, Dietrich
name: Moore, Guy D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In extensions of the Standard Model with extra scalars, the electroweak phase transition can be very strong, and the bubble walls can be highly relativistic. We revisit our previous argument that electroweak bubble walls can "run away," that is, achieve extreme ultrarelativistic velocities $γ\sim 10^{14}$. We show that, when particles cross the bubble wall, they can emit transition radiation. Wall-frame soft processes, though suppressed by a power of the coupling $α$, have a significance enhanced by the $γ$-factor of the wall, limiting wall velocities to $γ\sim 1/α$. Though the bubble walls can move at almost the speed of light, they carry an infinitesimal share of the plasma's energy.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure; version to appear in JCAP
Complete tomographic resolution of focal choroidal excavation complicated with choroidal neovascularization after anti-VEGF treatment
Creators: name: Zhioua Braham, Imène
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320299
subject: Clinical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: We report a case of focal choroidal excavation (FCE) that resolved after intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and we describe its tomographic features.
Electrocorticography is superior to subthalamic local field potentials for movement decoding in Parkinson’s disease
Creators: name: Merk, Timon
name: Peterson, Victoria
name: Lipski, Witold J
name: Blankertz, Benjamin
name: Turner, Robert S
name: Li, Ningfei
name: Horn, Andreas
name: Richardson, Robert Mark
name: Neumann, Wolf-Julian
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: deep brain stimulation
subject: machine learning
subject: neuromodulation
subject: basal ganglia
subject: Human
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Brain signal decoding promises significant advances in the development of clinical brain computer interfaces (BCI). In Parkinson's disease (PD), first bidirectional BCI implants for adaptive deep brain stimulation (DBS) are now available. Brain signal decoding can extend the clinical utility of adaptive DBS but the impact of neural source, computational methods and PD pathophysiology on decoding performance are unknown. This represents an unmet need for the development of future neurotechnology. To address this, we developed an invasive brain-signal decoding approach based on intraoperative sensorimotor electrocorticography (ECoG) and subthalamic LFP to predict grip-force, a representative movement decoding application, in 11 PD patients undergoing DBS. We demonstrate that ECoG is superior to subthalamic LFP for accurate grip-force decoding. Gradient boosted decision trees (XGBOOST) outperformed other model architectures. ECoG based decoding performance negatively correlated with motor impairment, which could be attributed to subthalamic beta bursts in the motor preparation and movement period. This highlights the impact of PD pathophysiology on the neural capacity to encode movement vigor. Finally, we developed a connectomic analysis that could predict grip-force decoding performance of individual ECoG channels across patients by using their connectomic fingerprints. Our study provides a neurophysiological and computational framework for invasive brain signal decoding to aid the development of an individualized precision-medicine approach to intelligent adaptive DBS.
Gas within the Intervertebral Disc Does Not Rule Out Spinal Infection—A Case Series of 135 Patients with Spontaneous Spondylodiscitis
Creators: name: Schömig, Friederike
name: Li, Zhao
name: Becker, Luis
name: Vu-Han, Tu-Lan
name: Pumberger, Matthias
name: Diekhoff, Torsten
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: spine surgery
subject: infection
subject: spondylodiscitis
subject: diagnosis
subject: vacuum phenomenon
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Gas in the intervertebral disc is mainly associated with degenerative disc diseases and experts generally assume that it is unlikely in spinal infection. However, large-scale studies supporting this notion are lacking, which is why our study's aim was to analyze the prevalence of and factors associated with the occurrence of gas in patients with spontaneous spondylodiscitis. Patients presenting with spontaneous spondylodiscitis from 2006 to 2020 were included retrospectively. Exclusion criteria were previous interventions in the same spinal segment and missing imaging data. Clinical data were retrieved from electronic medical reports. Computed tomography (CT) scans were evaluated for the presence of intervertebral gas. Causative pathogens were identified from CT-guided biopsy, open biopsy, intraoperative tissue samples, and/or blood cultures. 135 patients with a mean age of 66.0 +/- 13.7 years were included. In 93 patients (68.9%), a causative pathogen was found. Intervertebral gas was found in 31 patients (23.0%) in total and in 19 patients (20.4%) with positive microbiology. Patients with gas presented with significantly higher body temperatures (37.2 +/- 1.1 vs. 36.8 +/- 0.7 degrees C, p = 0.044) and CRP levels (134.2 +/- 127.1 vs. 89.8 +/- 97.3 mg/L, p = 0.040) on admission. As a considerable number of patients with spondylodiscitis showed intervertebral gas formation, the detection of intervertebral gas is not suited to ruling out spondylodiscitis but must be interpreted in the context of other imaging and clinical findings, especially in elderly patients.
Corso Breve di Teoria del Controllo. Appendice 4A. Gli archetipi sistemici.
Creators: name: Mella, Piero
Publisher: name: ----
Year: 2023
Subjects: Archetipo delle 3 Miopie, Controllo sintomatico o Shifting the Burden, Erosione degli obiettivi o Eroding goals, Insaziabilità o Strengthening goals, Insaziabilità, Accanimento, Successo a chi ha successo, Punizione del più abile, Accidental Adversaires

description: L’Archetipo sistemico è un modello sistemico, generale, semplice e collaudato – che rappresenta, comportamenti ricorrenti che possono essere fonte di scelte inappropriate – che ci consente di riconoscere una situazione problematica da controllare. "Come ausilio diagnostico, gli archetipi aiutano i manager a riconoscere modelli di comportamento che sono già presenti nelle loro organizzazioni. Essi servono come mezzo per comprendere le strutture dei sistemi sottostanti da cui il comportamento archetipico emerge. Questo è l'uso più comune dell'archetipo. Gli archetipi sono strumenti efficaci per iniziare a rispondere alla domanda: "Perché continuiamo a vedere gli stessi problemi che si ripetono nel tempo? (Braun, 2002, online, p.1)". Peter Senge, nel tuo testo, «The fifth discipline», ha stilato una lista di 10 archetipi. Altri possono essere aggiunti. Non posso presentarli tutti; mi limiterò a quelli utili riconoscere e controllare i problemi. Conoscere gli archetipi è un dovere. Contrastarli una necessità vitale.
description: ----, Vol 14, No 2 (2023): ISSUE 2/2023
Charmonium spectrum with a Dirac potential model in the momentum space
Creators: name: Molina, D.
name: De Sanctis, M.
name: Fernandez-Ramirez, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the charmonium spectrum using a complete one gluon exchange approach based on a phenomenological relativistic $q\bar{q}$ potential model with Dirac spinors in momentum space. We use phenomenological screening factors to include vacuum quantum effects. Our formulation does not rely on nonrelativistic approximations. We fit the lowest-lying charmonia (below the $D\bar{D}$ threshold) and predict the higher-lying resonances of the spectrum. In general, we reproduce the overall structure of the charmonium spectrum and, in particular, we can reasonably describe the $X(3872)$ resonance mass as (mostly) a $c\bar{c}$ state. The numerical values of the free parameters of the model are determined taking into account also the experimental uncertainties of the resonance energies. In this way, we are able to obtain the uncertainties of the theoretical resonance masses and the correlation among the free parameters of the model.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, 6 tables, to be published in Physical Review D
A pulmonologist's guide to perform and analyse cross-species single lung cell transcriptomics
Creators: name: Pennitz, Peter
name: Kirsten, Holger
name: Friedrich, Vincent D.
name: Wyler, Emanuel
name: Goekeri, Cengiz
name: Obermayer, Benedikt
name: Heinz, Gitta A.
name: Mashreghi, Mir-Farzin
name: Büttner, Maren
name: Trimpert, Jakob
name: Landthaler, Markus
name: Suttorp, Norbert
name: Hocke, Andreas C.
name: Hippenstiel, Stefan
name: Tönnies, Mario
name: Scholz, Markus
name: Kuebler, Wolfgang M.
name: Witzenrath, Martin
name: Hoenzke, Katja
name: Nouailles, Geraldine
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq)
subject: Single lung cell transcriptomics
subject: Pulmonologist’s guide
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Single-cell ribonucleic acid sequencing is becoming widely employed to study biological processes at a novel resolution depth. The ability to analyse transcriptomes of multiple heterogeneous cell types in parallel is especially valuable for cell-focused lung research where a variety of resident and recruited cells are essential for maintaining organ functionality. We compared the single-cell transcriptomes from publicly available and unpublished datasets of the lungs in six different species: human (Homo sapiens), African green monkey (Chlorocebus sabaeus), pig (Sus domesticus), hamster (Mesocricetus auratus), rat (Ratios norvegicus) and mouse (Mus musculus) by employing RNA velocity and intercellular communication based on ligand-receptor co-expression, among other techniques. Specifically, we demonstrated a workflow for interspecies data integration, applied a single unified gene nomenclature, performed cell-specific clustering and identified marker genes for each species. Overall, integrative approaches combining newly sequenced as well as publicly available datasets could help identify species-specific transcriptomic signatures in both healthy and diseased lung tissue and select appropriate models for future respiratory research.
Nonclassical photon number distribution in a superconducting cavity under a squeezed drive
Creators: name: Kono, S.
name: Masuyama, Y.
name: Ishikawa, T.
name: Tabuchi, Y.
name: Yamazaki, R.
name: Usami, K.
name: Koshino, K.
name: Nakamura, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A superconducting qubit in the strong dispersive regime of a circuit quantum electrodynamics system is a powerful probe for microwave photons in a cavity mode. In this regime, a qubit spectrum is split into multiple peaks, with each peak corresponding to an individual photon number in the cavity (discrete ac Stark shift). Here, we measure the qubit spectrum in the cavity that is driven continuously with a squeezed vacuum field generated by a Josephson parametric amplifier. By fitting the qubit spectrum with a model which takes into account the finite qubit excitation power, the photon number distribution, which is dissimilar from the apparent peak area ratio in the spectrum, is determined. The photon number distribution shows the even-odd photon number oscillation and quantitatively fulfills Klyshko's criterion for the nonclassicality.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, 1 table
Unbiased Simulation of Near-Clifford Quantum Circuits
Creators: name: Bennink, Ryan S.
name: Ferragut, Erik M.
name: Humble, Travis S.
name: Laska, Jason A.
name: Nutaro, James J.
name: Pleszkoch, Mark G.
name: Pooser, Raphael C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modeling and simulation is essential for predicting and verifying the behavior of fabricated quantum circuits, but existing simulation methods are either impractically costly or require an unrealistic simplification of error processes. We present a method of simulating noisy Clifford circuits that is both accurate and practical in experimentally relevant regimes. In particular, the cost is weakly exponential in the size and the degree of non-Cliffordness of the circuit. Our approach is based on the construction of exact representations of quantum channels as quasiprobability distributions over stabilizer operations, which are then sampled, simulated, and weighted to yield unbiased statistical estimates of circuit outputs and other observables. As a demonstration of these techniques we simulate a Steane [[7,1,3]]-encoded logical operation with non-Clifford errors and compute its fault tolerance error threshold. We expect that the method presented here will enable studies of much larger and more realistic quantum circuits than was previously possible.
description: When a man tells you that he knows the exact truth about anything, you are safe in inferring that he is an inexact man. ~Bertrand Russell
Segmentation of Dental Restorations on Panoramic Radiographs Using Deep Learning
Creators: name: Rohrer, Csaba
name: Krois, Joachim
name: Patel, Jay
name: Meyer-Lueckel, Hendrik
name: Rodrigues, Jonas Almeida
name: Schwendicke, Falk
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: machine learning
subject: deep learning
subject: image segmentation
subject: dental restorations
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) such as U-Net have been widely used for medical image segmentation. Dental restorations are prominent features of dental radiographs. Applying U-Net on the panoramic image is challenging, as the shape, size and frequency of different restoration types vary. We hypothesized that models trained on smaller, equally spaced rectangular image crops (tiles) of the panoramic would outperform models trained on the full image. A total of 1781 panoramic radiographs were annotated pixelwise for fillings, crowns, and root canal fillings by dental experts. We used different numbers of tiles for our experiments. Five-times-repeated three-fold cross-validation was used for model evaluation. Training with more tiles improved model performance and accelerated convergence. The F1-score for the full panoramic image was 0.7, compared to 0.83, 0.92 and 0.95 for 6, 10 and 20 tiles, respectively. For root canals fillings, which are small, cone-shaped features that appear less frequently on the radiographs, the performance improvement was even higher (+294%). Training on tiles and pooling the results thereafter improved pixelwise classification performance and reduced the time to model convergence for segmenting dental restorations. Segmentation of panoramic radiographs is biased towards more frequent and extended classes. Tiling may help to overcome this bias and increase accuracy.
Quantum Simulation of Abelian Lattice Gauge Theories via State-Dependent Hopping
Creators: name: Dehkharghani, A. S.
name: Rico, E.
name: Zinner, N. T.
name: Negretti, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a quantum simulator architecture that is suitable for the simulation of $U(1)$ Abelian gauge theories such as quantum electrodynamics. Our approach relies on the ability to control the hopping of a particle through a barrier by means of the internal quantum states of a neutral or charged impurity-particle sitting at the barrier. This scheme is experimentally feasible, as the correlated hopping does not require fine-tuning of the intra- and inter-species interactions. We investigate the applicability of the scheme in a double well potential, which is the basic building block of the simulator, both at the single-particle and the many-body mean-field level. Moreover, we evaluate its performance for different particle interactions and trapping, and, specifically for atom-ion systems, in the presence of micro-motion.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, final version
The Influence of the Second-Order Stakeholder Dimension of CSR on Employee Engagement: The Mediating Role of Organizational Trust
Creators: name: Siriwan Kaewchird
Publisher: name: School of Public Administration, National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA)
Year: 2021
Subjects: Corporate social responsibilities
employee engagement
organizational trust
partial mediator
stakeholder management

description: Journal of Public and Private Management, 28, 1, 5
Outcome Analysis of the Use of Cerament® in Patients with Chronic Osteomyelitis and Corticomedullary Defects
Creators: name: Niemann, Marcel
name: Graef, Frank
name: Ahmad, Sufian S.
name: Braun, Karl F.
name: Stöckle, Ulrich
name: Trampuz, Andrej
name: Meller, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: osteomyelitis
subject: Cerament (R)
subject: bony defect
subject: bone infection
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Chronic osteomyelitis (OM) is a progressive but mostly low-grade infection of the bones. The management of this disease is highly challenging for physicians. Despite systematic treatment approaches, recurrence rates are high. Further, functional and patient-reported outcome data are lacking, especially after osseous defects are filled with bioresorbable antibiotic carriers. Objective: To assess functional and patient-reported outcome measures (PROM) following the administration of Cerament (R) G or V due to corticomedullary defects in chronic OM. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study from 2015 to 2020, including all patients who received Cerament (R) for the aforementioned reason. Patients were diagnosed and treated in accordance with globally valid recommendations, and corticomedullary defects were filled with Cerament (R) G or V, depending on the expected germ spectrum. Patients were systematically followed up, and outcome measures were collected during outpatient clinic visits. Results: Twenty patients with Cierny and Mader type III OM were included in this study and followed up for 20.2 +/- 17.2 months (95%CI 12.1-28.3). Ten of these patients needed at least one revision (2.0 +/- 1.3 revisions per patient (95%CI 1.1-2.9) during the study period due to OM persistence or local wound complications. There were no statistically significant differences in functional scores or PROMs between groups. Conclusion: The use of Cerament (R) G and V in chronic OM patients with corticomedullary defects appears to have good functional outcomes and satisfactory PROMs. However, the observed rate of local wound complications and the OM persistence rate may be higher when compared to previously published data.
Ultrafast Momentum Imaging of Pseudospin-Flip Excitations in Graphene
Creators: name: Aeschlimann, S.
name: Krause, R.
name: Chávez-Cervantes, M.
name: Bromberger, H.
name: Al-Temimy, A.
name: Coletti, C.
name: Cavalleri, A.
name: Gierz, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pseudospin of Dirac electrons in graphene manifests itself in a peculiar momentum anisotropy for photo-excited electron-hole pairs. These interband excitations are in fact forbidden along the direction of the light polarization, and are maximum perpendicular to it. Here, we use time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to investigate the resulting unconventional hot carrier dynamics, sampling carrier distributions as a function of energy and in-plane momentum. We first show that the rapidly-established quasi-thermal electron distribution initially exhibits an azimuth-dependent temperature, consistent with relaxation through collinear electron-electron scattering. Azimuthal thermalization is found to occur only at longer time delays, at a rate that depends on the substrate and the static doping level. Further, we observe pronounced differences in the electron and hole dynamics in n-doped samples. By simulating the Coulomb- and phonon-mediated carrier dynamics we are able to disentangle the influence of excitation fluence, screening, and doping, and develop a microscopic picture of the carrier dynamics in photo-excited graphene. Our results clarify new aspects of hot carrier dynamics that are unique to Dirac materials, with relevance for photo-control experiments and optoelectronic device applications.
description: 23 pages, 12 figures