Tarsius tumpara Shekelle 2008
Creators: name: Russell A. Mittermeier
name: Anthony B. Rylands
name: Don E. Wilson
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Tarsiidae
Tarsius
Tarsius tumpara

description: 8.
Siau Island Tarsier
Tarsius tumpara
French: Tarsier de Siau / German: Siau-Koboldmaki / Spanish: Tarsero de Siau
Other common names: Siau Tarsier
Taxonomy. Tarsius tumpara Shekelle et al., 2008,
Siau Island, Indonesia, the southern end of the island about 100 m from the north shore of a small lake (02° 39’ N, 125° 25" E).
The Sangir and Siau islands are separated by ¢.60 km of ocean where depths exceed 1000 m, and there is no possibility of recurrent gene flow between T. tumpara and 1. sangirensis. Monotypic.
Distribution. Siau I, in the Sangihe Archipelago ¢.200 km N of Sulawesi. It is conceivable that it occurs on some very small islands in close proximity to Siau, separated only by shallow water and thus connected in the past during times of low sea levels.
Descriptive notes. Head-body c.15 cm, tail c.26 cm; weight c.104 g. The Siau Island Tarsieris similar to the Great Sangihe Tarsier (7. sangirensis), but it is more grayish in color, with slight differences in morphology. Fur on the body of the Siau Island Tarsier is mottled brown, with a dark gray undercoat, which is a typical coloration of tarsiers but different from the Great Sangihe Tarsier. The gray above and lateral to the eyes is bordered by a conspicuous, thick brown line, forming a straight line at the roof of the nose. The hair around the mouth is whitish, the tail tuft is short and sparse, and the tarsal hair is sparse and inconspicuous, similar to that of the Great Sangihe Tarsier. The skull is a little larger than that of the Great Sangihe Tarsier but narrower across the orbits. The morning duet call of the Siau Island Tarsier does not have a two-note phrase diagnostic of the Great Sangihe Tarsier. The Siau Island Tarsier is allied with Sulawesian tarsiers of the 1. tarsiercomplex because of the size of the tail tuft, presence of postauricular white spots, and presence of a vocal duet.
Habitat. [Lowland wetforest.
Food and Feeding. The Siau Island Tarsier eats large arthropods along with some small vertebrates such as lizards.
Breeding. There is no information available for this species.
Activity patterns. There is no specific information available for this species, but itis nocturnal and arboreal.
Movements, Home range and Social organization. There is no specific information available for this species, except that it lives in small monogamous or polygamous groups of 2-6 individuals.
Status and Conservation. CITES Appendix II. Classified as Critically Endangered on The IUCN Red List. The Siau Island Tarsier is probably the most threatened of all tarsiers and may indeed be among the most gravely endangered primates in the world. Siau is an almost entirely deforested island just 20 km long and 10 km wide at its widest point. It is dominated by a highly active volcano and has a human population of more than 38,000. Populations of the Siau Island Tarsier are likely scattered in pockets throughout the island, but they are currently known only from a remote section of the extreme southern end, which is heavily disturbed, private land scheduled for conversion. An expedition in 2004 was only able to find tarsiers at two remote sites, where they are hunted for food. The Siau Island Tarsier probably occurs in the (unofficially) protected area of Mount Tamata.
Bibliography. Riley (2002), Shekelle & Salim (2007, 2009a, 2009b), Shekelle, Groves, Merker & Supriatna (2008), Shekelle, Morales et al. (2008), Supriatna et al. (2001).
description: Published as part of Russell A. Mittermeier, Anthony B. Rylands & Don E. Wilson, 2013, Tarsiidae, pp. 236-242 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 3 Primates, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 241, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6631893