cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Information from Post-Cambrian survival of the tubicolous scalidophoran Selkirkia
Creators: name: Nanglu, Karma
name: Ortega-Hernández, Javier
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310401
subject: Animal systematics and taxonomy
classificationCode: 310411
subject: Plant and fungus systematics and taxonomy
classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 370506
subject: Palaeontology (incl. palynology)

description: Scalidophoran worms represent common infaunal components of early and middle Cambrian Burgess Shale-type fossil biotas. Early scalidophorans resemble extant priapulids based on overall morphology, but the genus Selkirkia represents the earliest record of tube dwelling for the group. Despite its ubiquitous presence in exceptional marine deposits, whether the exclusively Cambrian occurrence of Selkirkia reflects its entire evolutionary history or is affected by taphonomic biases remains unresolved. Here, we demonstrate the post-Cambrian survival of Selkirkia based on new material from the Lower Ordovician Fezouata Shale biota of Morocco. The discovery of Selkirkia in the Fezouata Shale extends the biostratigraphic range of the genus by 25 million years and its paleobiogeographic occurrence to the high latitudes of Gondwana, strengthens the evolutionary links between Cambrian and Ordovician Burgess Shale-type biotas and increases scalidophoran diversity for the Fezouata Shale biota otherwise consisting exclusively of the palaeoscolecid Palaeoscolex? tenensis. The tube of Selkirkia underwent negligible external change for over 40 million years, indicating a high degree of morphological stasis during the Early Paleozoic. A tubicolous mode of life is rare among extant priapulids and expressed only in Maccabeus, which forms a delicate tube from agglutinated plant debris, unlike the macroscopic secreted cuticular tube of Selkirkia.
Cell Detection by Functional Inverse Diffusion and Non-negative Group Sparsity$-$Part I: Modeling and Inverse Problems
Creators: name: Pla, Pol del Aguila
name: Jaldén, Joakim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 92C55, 94A08, 35R30, 35Q93, 46N10

description: In this two-part paper, we present a novel framework and methodology to analyze data from certain image-based biochemical assays, e.g., ELISPOT and Fluorospot assays. In this first part, we start by presenting a physical partial differential equations (PDE) model up to image acquisition for these biochemical assays. Then, we use the PDEs' Green function to derive a novel parametrization of the acquired images. This parametrization allows us to propose a functional optimization problem to address inverse diffusion. In particular, we propose a non-negative group-sparsity regularized optimization problem with the goal of localizing and characterizing the biological cells involved in the said assays. We continue by proposing a suitable discretization scheme that enables both the generation of synthetic data and implementable algorithms to address inverse diffusion. We end Part I by providing a preliminary comparison between the results of our methodology and an expert human labeler on real data. Part II is devoted to providing an accelerated proximal gradient algorithm to solve the proposed problem and to the empirical validation of our methodology.
description: published, 15 pages
Automated Feature Extraction on AsMap for Emotion Classification using EEG
Creators: name: Ahmed, Md. Zaved Iqubal
name: Sinha, Nidul
name: Phadikar, Souvik
name: Ghaderpour, Ebrahim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2; J.7

description: Emotion recognition using EEG has been widely studied to address the challenges associated with affective computing. Using manual feature extraction methods on EEG signals results in sub-optimal performance by the learning models. With the advancements in deep learning as a tool for automated feature engineering, in this work, a hybrid of manual and automatic feature extraction methods has been proposed. The asymmetry in different brain regions is captured in a 2D vector, termed the AsMap, from the differential entropy features of EEG signals. These AsMaps are then used to extract features automatically using a convolutional neural network model. The proposed feature extraction method has been compared with differential entropy and other feature extraction methods such as relative asymmetry, differential asymmetry and differential caudality. Experiments are conducted using the SJTU emotion EEG dataset and the DEAP dataset on different classification problems based on the number of classes. Results obtained indicate that the proposed method of feature extraction results in higher classification accuracy, outperforming the other feature extraction methods. The highest classification accuracy of 97.10% is achieved on a three-class classification problem using the SJTU emotion EEG dataset. Further, this work has also assessed the impact of window size on classification accuracy.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, published in Sensors (MDPI)
Existence of an attractor for a geometric tetrahedron transformation
Creators: name: Vartziotis, Dimitris
name: Bohnet, Doris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37L30, 43A85, 51N30, 22E15

description: We analyze the dynamical properties of a tetrahedron transformation on the space of non-degenerate tetrahedra which can be identified with the non-compact globally symmetric $8$-dimensional space $\mbox{Sl}(3,\mathbb{R}) / \mbox{So}(3,\mathbb{R})$. We establish the existence of a local attractor which coincides with the set of regular tetrahedra and identify conditions which imply that the basin of attraction is the entire space. In numerical tests, these conditions are fulfilled for a large set of random tetrahedra.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Finite volume effects on the chiral phase transition from Dyson-Schwinger equations of QCD
Creators: name: Li, Bo-Lin
name: Cui, Zhu-Fang
name: Zhou, Bo-Wen
name: An, Sun
name: Zhang, Li-Ping
name: Zong, Hong-Shi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of Dyson-Schwinger equations of QCD, we study the finite volume effects on the chiral phase transition, especially the influence on the position of the possible pseudo-critical end point (pCEP). The results show that in the chiral limit case (the current quark mass $m=0$), the absolute value of quark condensate decreases for smaller volumes, and more interestingly, so does the pseudo-critical temperature $T_c(μ=0)$, which is in agreement with the Polyakov Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model result and opposite to the Polyakov linear sigma model prediction. These conclusions hold for $m>0$ case in our calculations. Moreover, the results of pCEP as a function of different volumes show that $T$ of pCEP also decreases for smaller volumes, but $μ$ of pCEP will increase, which are qualitatively more close to Polyakov linear sigma model results. For our model setup, results for systems with a size larger than (5 fm)$^3$ closely approximate those from infinite volume, but if the volume is smaller, the corrections are non-negligible, even significantly affect signatures of the results from an infinite system. There also exists some possibility that, if the system size is too small, the whole phase transition would be crossover, which means no pCEP exists at all. It is no doubt that, finite volume effects deserve further researches.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Nonequilibrium topological spin textures in momentum space
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiao-Xiao
name: Nagaosa, Naoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonequilibrium quantum dynamics of many-body systems is the frontier of condensed matter physics; recent advances in various time-resolved spectroscopic techniques continue to reveal rich phenomena. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) as one powerful technique can resolve electronic energy, momentum, and spin along the time axis after excitation. However, dynamics of spin textures in momentum space remains mostly unexplored. Here we demonstrate theoretically that the photoexcited surface state of genuine or magnetically doped topological insulators shows novel topological spin textures, i.e., tornado-like patterns, in the spin-resolved ARPES. We systematically reveal its origin as a unique nonequilibrium photoinduced topological winding phenomenon. As all intrinsic and extrinsic topological helicity factors of both material and light are embedded in a robust and delicate manner, the tornado patterns not only allow a remarkable tomography of such important system information, but also enable various unique dichroic topological switchings of the momentum-space spin texture. These results open a new direction of nonequilibrium topological spin states in quantum materials.
description: 11+17 pages, 3+6 rasterized figs, PNAS in press
Dorothy Fleet - Bomb Damage
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Dorothy Tinmouth was writing to her husband who was in the Royal Navy at their home in Selbourne Street, South Shields. She had twice declined her father's request to join them in an air raid shelter on her father's third request she agreed to join them in the air raid shelter because: "you are putting yourself at risk coming out of the shelter to get me. I'll come just to stop you coming into the house".After the all clear siren went: "they came out the shelter and there was their piano standing in a pile of rubble. The house had gone. They lost everything." They then had to stay with relatives until they were later rehoused.The bombing happened in that area because a railway line nearby had been bombed and an electric cable had been damaged and was given out sparks which attracted German bombers.
Towards the automated large-scale reconstruction of past road networks from historical maps
Creators: name: Uhl, Johannes H.
name: Leyk, Stefan
name: Chiang, Yao-Yi
name: Knoblock, Craig A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transportation infrastructure, such as road or railroad networks, represent a fundamental component of our civilization. For sustainable planning and informed decision making, a thorough understanding of the long-term evolution of transportation infrastructure such as road networks is crucial. However, spatially explicit, multi-temporal road network data covering large spatial extents are scarce and rarely available prior to the 2000s. Herein, we propose a framework that employs increasingly available scanned and georeferenced historical map series to reconstruct past road networks, by integrating abundant, contemporary road network data and color information extracted from historical maps. Specifically, our method uses contemporary road segments as analytical units and extracts historical roads by inferring their existence in historical map series based on image processing and clustering techniques. We tested our method on over 300,000 road segments representing more than 50,000 km of the road network in the United States, extending across three study areas that cover 53 historical topographic map sheets dated between 1890 and 1950. We evaluated our approach by comparison to other historical datasets and against manually created reference data, achieving F-1 scores of up to 0.95, and showed that the extracted road network statistics are highly plausible over time, i.e., following general growth patterns. We demonstrated that contemporary geospatial data integrated with information extracted from historical map series open up new avenues for the quantitative analysis of long-term urbanization processes and landscape changes far beyond the era of operational remote sensing and digital cartography.
description: 36 pages, 22 figures
Cell Detection by Functional Inverse Diffusion and Non-negative Group Sparsity$-$Part II: Proximal Optimization and Performance Evaluation
Creators: name: Pla, Pol del Aguila
name: Jaldén, Joakim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 92C55, 94A08, 35R30, 47-04

description: In this two-part paper, we present a novel framework and methodology to analyze data from certain image-based biochemical assays, e.g., ELISPOT and Fluorospot assays. In this second part, we focus on our algorithmic contributions. We provide an algorithm for functional inverse diffusion that solves the variational problem we posed in Part I. As part of the derivation of this algorithm, we present the proximal operator for the non-negative group-sparsity regularizer, which is a novel result that is of interest in itself, also in comparison to previous results on the proximal operator of a sum of functions. We then present a discretized approximated implementation of our algorithm and evaluate it both in terms of operational cell-detection metrics and in terms of distributional optimal-transport metrics.
description: published, 16 pages
MOESM1 of Virulence structure and its genetic diversity analyses of Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici isolates in China
Creators: name: Wu, Xian
name: Xu, Xiao
name: Ma, De
name: Chen, Rong
name: Li, Tian
name: Cao, Yuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Collection dates, sites, and cultivars for all Bgt isolates used in this study (DOCX 29 kb)
THE ROLE OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY IN GLOBAL TRADE
Creators: name: Kholmirzaeva Aziza Jumanazar qizi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Annotation: This article talks about how the digital economy affects trade in different countries. The digitalization of the economy is growing rapidly, and the digital space is becoming a key area of global trade. The emergence of new formats and opportunities for international business through digitalization, the expansion of cross-border trade and invisible employment, as well as the reduction of cross-border and domestic operations in a globalized digital environment.

Key words: Digital economy, digitalization, globalization, world trade, technology, transformation, data flow, cross-border trade.
Additional file 1 of Jasmonate signaling drives defense responses against Alternaria alternata in chrysanthemum
Creators: name: Zhang, Shuhuan
name: Miao, Weihao
name: Liu, Ye
name: Jiang, Jiafu
name: Chen, Sumei
name: Chen, Fadi
name: Guan, Zhiyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Decreased A. alternate susceptibility in chrysanthemum leaves pre-treated with MeJA. (a) Chrysanthemum morifolium ‘Jinba’ was pre-treated with 50, 100, and 200 μM MeJA and then inoculated with A. alternate before sampling after 48 hpi. Controls were treated with distilled water. (b) Disease severity is expressed as lesion area (mm2) of leaves after 48 hpi. Data are presented as the mean of four replicates ± standard error. Asterisks (*) indicate statistically significant differences evaluated for each time interval between the different treatments as calculated by two-way ANOVA (*P ≤ 0.05, ** P ≤ 0.01).
Chiral Spin Order in Kondo-Heisenberg systems
Creators: name: Tsvelik, A. M.
name: Yevtushenko, O. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that Kondo-Heisenberg systems, consisting of itinerant electrons and localized magnetic moments (Kondo impurities), can be used as a principally new platform to realize scalar chiral spin order. The underlying physics is governed by a competition of the Ruderman-Kittel-Kosuya-Yosida (RKKY) indirect exchange interaction between the local moments with the direct Heisenberg one. When the direct exchange is weak and RKKY dominates the isotropic system is in the disordered phase. A moderately large direct exchange leads to an Ising-type phase transition to the phase with chiral spin order. Our finding paves the way towards pioneering experimental realizations of the chiral spin liquid in low dimensional systems with spontaneously broken time reversal symmetry.
description: 6 (main text) + 5 (supplementary material) pages, 3 figures; v2: amended Introduction, extended Conclusions, added/corrected references
Additional file 1 of Translation and validation of the Chinese ABCD risk questionnaire to evaluate adults’ awareness and knowledge of the risks of cardiovascular diseases
Creators: name: Liu, Yan
name: Yu, Wei
name: Zhou, Mei
name: Li, Fang
name: Liao, Farong
name: Dong, Zhengyu
name: Wang, Hairong
name: Chen, Jiaqing
name: Gao, Lingling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1.
Quantum circuits for the preparation of spin eigenfunctions on quantum computers
Creators: name: Carbone, Alessandro
name: Galli, Davide Emilio
name: Motta, Mario
name: Jones, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The application of quantum algorithms to the study of many-particle quantum systems requires the ability to prepare wavefunctions that are relevant in the behavior of the system under study. Hamiltonian symmetries are an important instrument, to classify relevant many-particle wavefunctions, and to improve the efficiency of numerical simulations. In this work, quantum circuits for the exact and approximate preparation of total spin eigenfunctions on quantum computers are presented. Two different strategies are discussed and compared: exact recursive construction of total spin eigenfunctions based on the addition theorem of angular momentum, and heuristic approximation of total spin eigenfunctions based on the variational optimization of a suitable cost function. The construction of these quantum circuits is illustrated in detail, and the preparation of total spin eigenfunctions is demonstrated on IBM quantum devices, focusing on 3- and 5-spin systems on graphs with triangle connectivity.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures, 6 tables
Narcan (Nalaxone) - Molecule of the Month November 2018 [Archived version]
Creators: name: May, Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: This is the Molecule of the Month entry for November 2018 about Narcan (Naloxone). It is a pdf archive version of the HTML webpage.
Holographic compact stars meet gravitational wave constraints
Creators: name: Annala, Eemeli
name: Ecker, Christian
name: Hoyos, Carlos
name: Jokela, Niko
name: Fernández, David Rodríguez
name: Vuorinen, Aleksi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a simple holographic model for cold and dense deconfined QCD matter consisting of three quark flavors. Varying the single free parameter of the model and utilizing a Chiral Effective Theory equation of state (EoS) for nuclear matter, we find four different compact star solutions: traditional neutron stars, strange quark stars, as well as two non-standard solutions we refer to as hybrid stars of the second and third kind (HS2 and HS3). The HS2s are composed of a nuclear matter core and a crust made of stable strange quark matter, while the HS3s have both a quark mantle and a nuclear crust on top of a nuclear matter core. For all types of stars constructed, we determine not only their mass-radius relations, but also tidal deformabilities, Love numbers, as well as moments of inertia and the mass distribution. We find that there exists a range of parameter values in our model, for which the novel hybrid stars have properties in very good agreement with all existing bounds on the stationary properties of compact stars. In particular, the tidal deformabilities of these solutions are smaller than those of ordinary neutron stars of the same mass, implying that they provide an excellent fit to the recent gravitational wave data GW170817 of LIGO and Virgo. The assumptions underlying the viability of the different star types, in particular those corresponding to absolutely stable quark matter, are finally discussed at some length.
description: 34 pages, 6 figures; v3: version accepted for publication at JHEP
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL from Mechanical and elemental characterization of ant mandibles: consequences for bite mechanics
Creators: name: Klunk, Cristian L.
name: Heethoff, Michael
name: Hammel, Jörg U.
name: Gorb, Stanislav N.
name: Krings, Wencke
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310299
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 320203
subject: Clinical microbiology
classificationCode: 400302
subject: Biomaterials

description: Mandible morphology has an essential role in biting performance, but the mandible cuticle can have regional differences in its mechanical properties. The effects of such a heterogeneous distribution of cuticle material properties in the mandible responses to biting loading are still poorly explored in chewing insects. Here, we tested the mechanical properties of mandibles of the ant species Formica cunicularia by nanoindentation and investigated the effects of the cuticular variation in Young's modulus (E) under bite–loading with finite-element analysis (FEA). The masticatory margin of the mandible, which interacts with the food, was the hardest and stiffest region. To unravel the origins of the mechanical property gradients, we characterized the elemental composition by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The masticatory margin possessed high proportions of Cu and Zn. When incorporated into the FEA, variation in E effectively changed mandible stress patterns, leading to a relatively higher concentration of stresses in the stiffer mandibular regions and leaving the softer mandible blade with relatively lower stress. Our results demonstrated the relevance of cuticle E heterogeneity in mandibles under bite–loading, suggesting that the accumulation of transition metals such as Cu and Zn has a relevant correlation with the mechanical characteristics in F. cunicularia mandibles.
Ninhydrin - Molecule of the Month April 2018 [Archived version]
Creators: name: Liang, Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: This is the Molecule of the Month entry for April 2018 about ninhydrin. It is a pdf archive version of the HTML webpage.
Ground-states for the liquid drop and TFDW models with long-range attraction
Creators: name: Alama, Stan
name: Bronsard, Lia
name: Choksi, Rustum
name: Topaloglu, Ihsan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that both the liquid drop model in $\mathbb{R}^3$ with an attractive background nucleus and the Thomas-Fermi-Dirac-von Weizsäcker (TFDW) model attain their ground-states \emph{for all} masses as long as the external potential $V(x)$ in these models is of long range, that is, it decays slower than Newtonian (e.g., $V(x)\gg |x|^{-1}$ for large $|x|$.) For the TFDW model we adapt classical concentration-compactness arguments by Lions, whereas for the liquid drop model with background attraction we utilize a recent compactness result for sets of finite perimeter by Frank and Lieb.
description: Added minor corrections, and simplified proof of Theorem 2. This version is to appear in the Journal of Mathematical Physics
Proximity spin-orbit and exchange coupling in ABA and ABC trilayer graphene van der Waals heterostructures
Creators: name: Zollner, Klaus
name: Gmitra, Martin
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the proximity spin-orbit and exchange couplings in ABA and ABC trilayer graphene encapsulated within monolayers of semiconducting transition-metal dichalcogenides and the ferromagnetic semiconductor Cr$_2$Ge$_2$Te$_6$. Employing first-principles calculations we obtain the electronic structures of the multilayer stacks and extract the relevant proximity-induced orbital and spin interaction parameters by fitting the low-energy bands to model Hamiltonians. We also demonstrate the tunability of the proximity effects by a transverse electric field. Using the model Hamiltonians we also study mixed spin-orbit/exchange coupling encapsulation, which allows to tailor the spin interactions very efficiently by the applied field. We also summarize the spin-orbit physics of bare ABA, ABC, and ABB trilayers, and provide, along with the first-principles results of the electronic band structures, density of states, spin splittings, and electric-field tunabilities of the bands, qualitative understanding of the observed behavior and realistic model parameters as a resource for model simulations of transport and correlation physics in trilayer graphene.
description: 27 pages, 22 figures, 5 tables
Magnetic and superconducting properties of the heavy-fermion CeCoIn5 epitaxial film probed by nuclear quadrupole resonance
Creators: name: Yamanaka, Takayoshi
name: Shimozawa, Masaaki
name: Shishido, Hiroaki
name: Kitagawa, Shunsaku
name: Ikeda, Hiroaki
name: Shibauchi, Takasada
name: Terashima, Takahito
name: Matsuda, Yuji
name: Ishida, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the progress in the fabrication techniques of thin-films of exotic materials such as strongly correlated heavy-fermion compounds, microscopic studies of the magnetic and electronic properties inside the films have been needed. Herein, we report the first observation of 115In nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) in an epitaxial film of the heavy-fermion superconductor CeCoIn5, for which the microscopic field gradient within the unit cell as well as magnetic and superconducting properties at zero field are evaluated. We find that the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate in the film is in excellent agreement with that of bulk crystals, whereas the NQR spectra show noticeable shifts and significant broadening indicating a change in the electric-field distribution inside the film. The analysis implies a displacement of In layers in the film, which however does not affect the magnetic fluctuations and superconducting pairing. This implies that inhomogeneity of the electronic field gradient in the film sample causes no pair breaking effect.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Thallium sulfate - Molecule of the Month July 2018 {archived version]
Creators: name: Thompson, Mike
name: Coe, Matty
name: Sloan, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: This is the Molecule of the Month entry for July 2018 about thallium sulfate. It is a pdf archive version of the HTML webpage.
Arrêt du parlement, concernant les salaires des Huissiers pour les devoirs qu’ils font au profit de leur bourse commune
Creators: name: Plouvain, Pierre-Antoine-Samuel-Joseph (1754-1832)
name: Six, Philippe-Josse-Auguste-Joseph (1732-1793)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2019
Subjects: Organisation judiciaire
Rémunération
Huissier de Justice

description: Source: http://nordnum.univ-lille.fr/ark:/72505/a0115224001360im5Ol/from/a011522400136ypxWl2
description: Coverage: Parlement de Flandre
description: issued: 01/07/2019
SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL from Mechanical and elemental characterization of ant mandibles: consequences for bite mechanics
Creators: name: Klunk, Cristian L.
name: Heethoff, Michael
name: Hammel, Jörg U.
name: Gorb, Stanislav N.
name: Krings, Wencke
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310299
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 320203
subject: Clinical microbiology
classificationCode: 400302
subject: Biomaterials

description: Mandible morphology has an essential role in biting performance, but the mandible cuticle can have regional differences in its mechanical properties. The effects of such a heterogeneous distribution of cuticle material properties in the mandible responses to biting loading are still poorly explored in chewing insects. Here, we tested the mechanical properties of mandibles of the ant species Formica cunicularia by nanoindentation and investigated the effects of the cuticular variation in Young's modulus (E) under bite-loading with finite-element analysis (FEA). The masticatory margin of the mandible, which interacts with the food, was the hardest and stiffest region. To unravel the origins of the mechanical property gradients, we characterized the elemental composition by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The masticatory margin possessed high proportions of Cu and Zn. When incorporated into the FEA, variation in E effectively changed mandible stress patterns, leading to a relatively higher concentration of stresses in the stiffer mandibular regions and leaving the softer mandible blade with relatively lower stress. Our results demonstrated the relevance of cuticle E heterogeneity in mandibles under bite-loading, suggesting that the accumulation of transition metals such as Cu and Zn has a relevant correlation with the mechanical characteristics in F. cunicularia mandibles.
Purity for the Brauer group
Creators: name: Cesnavicius, Kestutis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F22, 14F20, 14G22, 16K50

description: A purity conjecture due to Grothendieck and Auslander--Goldman predicts that the Brauer group of a regular scheme does not change after removing a closed subscheme of codimension $\ge 2$. The combination of several works of Gabber settles the conjecture except for some cases that concern $p$-torsion Brauer classes in mixed characteristic $(0, p)$. We establish the remaining cases by using the tilting equivalence for perfectoid rings. To reduce to perfectoids, we control the change of the Brauer group of the punctured spectrum of a local ring when passing to a finite flat cover.
description: 17 pages; final version, to appear in Duke Mathematical Journal
Emergence of local geometric laws of step flow in homoepitaxial growth
Creators: name: Johnson, Ian
name: Margetis, Dionisios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Below the roughening transition, crystal surfaces exhibit nanoscale line defects, steps, that move by exchanging atoms with their environment. In homoepitaxy, we analytically show how the motion of a step train in vacuum under strong desorption can be approximately described by nonlinear laws that depend on local geometric features such as the curvature of each step, as well as suitably defined effective terrace widths. We assume that each step edge, a free boundary, can be represented by a smooth curve in a fixed reference plane for sufficiently long times. Besides surface diffusion and evaporation, the processes under consideration include kinetic step-step interactions in slowly varying geometries, material deposition on the surface from above, attachment and detachment of atoms at steps, step edge diffusion, and step permeability. Our methodology relies on boundary integral equations for the adatom fluxes responsible for step flow. By applying asymptotics, which effectively treat the diffusive term of the free boundary problem as a singular perturbation, we describe an intimate connection of universal character between step kinetics and local geometry.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
Supplementary material, methods and results;Morphometric dataset;Body size dataset;Size corrected and log-transformed morphometric dataset;Micro-Raman raw data from The latest freshwater giants: a new Peltocephalus (Pleurodira: Podocnemididae) turtle from the Late Pleistocene of the Brazilian Amazon
Creators: name: Ferreira, G. S.
name: Nascimento, E. R.
name: Cadena, E. A.
name: Cozzuol, M. A.
name: Farina, B. M.
name: Pacheco, M. L. A. F.
name: Rizzutto, M. A.
name: Langer, M. C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310401
subject: Animal systematics and taxonomy
classificationCode: 310411
subject: Plant and fungus systematics and taxonomy
classificationCode: 370506
subject: Palaeontology (incl. palynology)

description: Detailed description of the material, methods, and results;Dataset of raw measurements used in the morphometric analyses;Dataset of raw measurements used in the body size estimate analyses;Dataset of size corrected and log-transformed measurements used in the morphometric analyses;Data obtained from Micro-Raman analyses
Seizure forecasting using machine learning models trained by seizure diaries
Creators: name: Munsell, Brent C
name: Hartmann, David A
name: Sameni, Reza
name: Kuzniecky, Ruben
name: Gleichgerrcht, Ezequiel
name: Bonilha, Leonardo
name: Dumitru, Mircea
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing
Year: 2022

description:
Objectives. People with refractory epilepsy are overwhelmed by the uncertainty of their next seizures. Accurate prediction of future seizures could greatly improve the quality of life for these patients. New evidence suggests that seizure occurrences can have cyclical patterns for some patients. Even though these cyclicalities are not intuitive, they can be identified by machine learning (ML), to identify patients with predictable vs unpredictable seizure patterns. Approach. Self-reported seizure logs of 153 patients from the Human Epilepsy Project with more than three reported seizures (totaling 8337 seizures) were used to obtain inter-seizure interval time-series for training and evaluation of the forecasting models. Two classes of prediction methods were studied: (1) statistical approaches using Bayesian fusion of population-wise and individual-wise seizure patterns; and (2) ML-based algorithms including least squares, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator, support vector machine (SVM) regression, and long short-term memory regression. Leave-one-person-out cross-validation was used for training and evaluation, by training on seizure diaries of all except one subject and testing on the left-out subject. Main results. The leading forecasting models were the SVM regression and a statistical model that combined the median of population-wise seizure time-intervals with a test subject's prior seizure intervals. SVM was able to forecast 50%, 70%, 81%, 84%, and 87% of seizures of unseen subjects within 0, 1, 2, 3 to 4 d of mean absolute forecasting error, respectively. The subject-wise performances show that patients with more frequent seizures were generally better predicted. Significance. ML models can leverage non-random patterns within self-reported seizure diaries to forecast future seizures. While diary-based seizure forecasting alone is only one of many aspects of clinical care of patients with epilepsy, studying the level of predictability across seizures and patients paves the path towards a better understanding of predictable vs unpredictable seizures on individualized and population-wise bases.
Clinical safety and tolerability of tedizolid phosphate in the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections
Creators: name: Hardalo, Cathy
name: Lodise, Thomas P.
name: Bidell, Monique
name: Flanagan, Shawn
name: Anda, Carisa De
name: Anuskiewicz, Steven
name: Prokocimer, Philippe
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Background: We evaluated safety and tolerability of tedizolid phosphate at the 200-mg once-daily dose approved for 6-day treatment of skin and skin-structure infections. Research design and methods: Clinical adverse event (AE) and laboratory data were pooled across completed clinical studies (13 phase 1, two phase 2, and two phase 3), for all participants who received ≥1 dose of tedizolid 200 mg, linezolid 600 mg (phase 3 only), or placebo (phase 1 only). Results: 1280 participants received tedizolid (phase 1: n = 355; phase 2/3: n = 925). In total, 13% received >6 doses of tedizolid (range: 7–21); in phase 2/3, 94% of participants received ≥5 doses (range: 5–10). Drug-related AEs occurred in 27% of participants (most commonly gastrointestinal reactions in 13% of participants and headache in 4%). Most AEs were mild-moderate in severity; <1% of participants discontinued treatment due to AEs. Tedizolid and linezolid had similar frequency, severity, and types of drug-related AEs. Tolerability in clinically important subpopulations (obese, n = 346; elderly, n = 99; renal impairment, n = 40; hepatic disease/impairment, n = 294) appeared comparable to the overall population. Conclusions: Tedizolid, given orally or intravenously at 200 mg, has a favorable safety profile. Clinical trial and postmarketing experience with treatment ≥7 days is limited.
Importance of CME Radial Expansion on the Ability of Slow CMEs to Drive Shocks
Creators: name: Lugaz, Noé
name: Farrugia, Charles J.
name: Winslow, Reka M.
name: Small, Colin R.
name: Manion, Thomas
name: Savani, Neel P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) may disturb the solar wind either by overtaking it, or by expanding into it, or both. CMEs whose front moves faster in the solar wind frame than the fast magnetosonic speed, drive shocks. Such shocks are important contributors to space weather, by triggering substorms, compressing the magnetosphere and accelerating particles. In general, near 1 AU, CMEs with speed greater than about 500 km s$^{-1}$ drive shocks, whereas slower CMEs do not. However, CMEs as slow as 350 km s$^{-1}$ may sometimes, although rarely, drive shocks. Here, we study these slow CMEs with shocks and investigate the importance of CME expansion in contributing to their ability to drive shocks and in enhancing shock strength. Our focus is on CMEs with average speeds under 375 km s$^{-1}$. From Wind measurements from 1996 to 2016, we find 22 cases of such shock-driving slow CMEs, and, for about half of them (11 out of the 22), the existence of the shock appears to be strongly related to CME expansion. We also investigate the proportion of all CMEs with speeds under 500 km s$^{-1}$ with and without shocks in solar cycles 23 and 24, depending on their speed. We find no systematic difference, as might have been expected on the basis of the lower solar wind and Alfvén speeds reported for solar cycle 24 vs. 23. The slower expansion speed of CMEs in solar cycle 24 might be an explanation for this lack of increased frequency of shocks, but further studies are required.
description: 15 pages, 4 Figures, 5 Tables, accepted to ApJ
Chemical composition and ages of four globular clusters in M31 from the analysis of their integrated-light spectra
Creators: name: E., Sharina M.
name: M., Maricheva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the results on the chemical composition of four globular clusters (GCs) in M31 (Bol 6, Bol 20, Bol 45, and Bol 50) (Maricheva M. 2021). Study of integrated spectra of four globular clusters in M31. Astrophys. Bull. 76:389-404. doi: https://doi.org/10.1134/S199034132104009X) to the available literature data on integrated-light spectroscopy of GCs with similar ages and chemical abundances in our Galaxy and M31 and on the chemical abundances of stars in two galaxies. The clusters and their literature analogues are of moderate metallicity -1.1
description: Published in the Open Astronomy jornal, De Gruyter Open Access (Special Issue: Modern Stellar Astronomy)
Finite-element modelling of triboelectric nanogenerators accounting for surface roughness
Creators: name: Shvarts, Andrei G.
name: Xu, Yang
name: Min, Guanbo
name: Athanasiadis, Ignatios
name: Kaczmarczyk, Lukasz
name: Mulvihill, Daniel M.
name: Pearce, Chris J.
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: classificationCode: 499999
subject: Other mathematical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) transform mechanical energy into electrical energy as a result of
contact between suitably chosen surfaces. Surface roughness plays a key role in the performance of contactseparation TENG, defining the ratio of real contact area to the apparent one for a given contact force.
We develop a novel numerical approach for coupling mechanical contact and electrostatics equations to
simulate TENG behaviour using the finite-element library MoFEM. Good qualitative agreement is found
between the numerical predictions of the proposed method, available experimental data and approximate
analytical models. The developed finite-element framework can be used for further study of the effect of
various TENG parameters on the output performance.
Trans-ε-viniferin as an inhibitor of TMEM16A preventing intestinal smooth muscle contraction
Creators: name: Liu, Xin-Yi
name: Zhao, Yan
name: Jin, Ling-Ling
name: Pang, Yue
name: Yu, Bo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: TMEM16A regulator is an important tool to study the physiological functions and pathogenesis related to TMEM16A. In the present study, trans-ε-viniferin (TV) was identified as a TMEM16A inhibitor with inhibitory activity against TMEM16A mediated Cl− currents, which was reversible, without affecting intracytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration and TMEM16A protein expression. TV inhibited intestinal peristalsis and prolonged gastrointestinal transport time. TV could inhibit autonomic and Eact-stimulated intestinal contractility, and was equally effective in ACh- and HA-induced high contractile states. The results indicate that TV significantly inhibits the intestinal smooth muscle contraction, which may be applied in the treatment of TMEM16A-related intestinal dynamic abnormalities.
BoostMIS: Boosting Medical Image Semi-supervised Learning with Adaptive Pseudo Labeling and Informative Active Annotation
Creators: name: Zhang, Wenqiao
name: Zhu, Lei
name: Hallinan, James
name: Makmur, Andrew
name: Zhang, Shengyu
name: Cai, Qingpeng
name: Ooi, Beng Chin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a novel semi-supervised learning (SSL) framework named BoostMIS that combines adaptive pseudo labeling and informative active annotation to unleash the potential of medical image SSL models: (1) BoostMIS can adaptively leverage the cluster assumption and consistency regularization of the unlabeled data according to the current learning status. This strategy can adaptively generate one-hot "hard" labels converted from task model predictions for better task model training. (2) For the unselected unlabeled images with low confidence, we introduce an Active learning (AL) algorithm to find the informative samples as the annotation candidates by exploiting virtual adversarial perturbation and model's density-aware entropy. These informative candidates are subsequently fed into the next training cycle for better SSL label propagation. Notably, the adaptive pseudo-labeling and informative active annotation form a learning closed-loop that are mutually collaborative to boost medical image SSL. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, we collected a metastatic epidural spinal cord compression (MESCC) dataset that aims to optimize MESCC diagnosis and classification for improved specialist referral and treatment. We conducted an extensive experimental study of BoostMIS on MESCC and another public dataset COVIDx. The experimental results verify our framework's effectiveness and generalisability for different medical image datasets with a significant improvement over various state-of-the-art methods.
description: 11 pages
Additional file 1 of Contrast-enhanced CT-based radiomics model for differentiating risk subgroups of thymic epithelial tumors
Creators: name: Yu, Chunhai
name: Li, Ting
name: Yang, Xiaotang
name: Zhang, Ruiping
name: Xin, Lei
name: Zhao, Zhikai
name: Cui, Jingjing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Table 1. The confusion matrix of the training set for the traditional risk grouping. Supplementary Table 2. The confusion matrix of the testing set for the traditional risk grouping. Supplementary Table 3. The confusion matrix of the training set for the improved risk grouping. Supplementary Table 4. The confusion matrix of the testing set for the improved risk grouping.