cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The "Unfriending" Problem: The Consequences of Homophily in Friendship Retention for Causal Estimates of Social Influence
Creators: name: Noel, Hans
name: Nyhan, Brendan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An increasing number of scholars are using longitudinal social network data to try to obtain estimates of peer or social influence effects. These data may provide additional statistical leverage, but they can introduce new inferential problems. In particular, while the confounding effects of homophily in friendship formation are widely appreciated, homophily in friendship retention may also confound causal estimates of social influence in longitudinal network data. We provide evidence for this claim in a Monte Carlo analysis of the statistical model used by Christakis, Fowler, and their colleagues in numerous articles estimating "contagion" effects in social networks. Our results indicate that homophily in friendship retention induces significant upward bias and decreased coverage levels in the Christakis and Fowler model if there is non-negligible friendship attrition over time.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures
A mix-grained architecture for improving HLS-generated controllers on FPGAs
Creators: name: Assadikhomami, Shadi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: With the recent slowdowns in traditional technology scaling, hardware accelerators, such as Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), offer the potential for improved performance and energy efficiency compared to general purpose processing systems. While FPGAs were traditionally used for applications such as signal processing, they have recently gained popularity in new, larger scale domains, such as cloud computing. However, despite their performance and power efficiency, programming FPGAs remains a hard task due to the difficulties involved with the low-level design flow for FPGAs. High-Level Synthesis (HLS) tools aim to assist with this time-consuming task by supporting higher level programming models which significantly increases design productivity. This also makes the use of FPGAs for large scale design development for evolving applications more feasible. In this thesis we explore the potential of modifying the current FPGA architecture to better support the designs generated by HLS tools. We propose a specialized mix-grained architecture for Finite State Machine (FSM) implementation that can be integrated into existing FPGA architectures. The proposed mix-grained architecture exploits the characteristics of the controller units generated by HLS tools to reduce the control-path area of the design. We show that our proposed architecture reduces the area of the next state calculation in FSMs by more than 3X without impacting the performance and often reducing the critical path delay of the next state calculation in FSMs.
Microbial inoculants improve nutrients uptake and yield of durum wheat in calcareous soils under drought stress in the Mediterranean region
Creators: name: Moreno-Lora, Aurora
name: Sousa-Ortega, Carlos
name: Recena, Ramiro
name: Perea-Torres, Francisco
name: Delgado, Antonio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Despite some evidence in greenhouse experiments, the benefits of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma asperellum on nutrients uptake by plants under field conditions are unknown. This work aims to study the effect of these microbial inoculants on durum wheat nutrition and yield under Mediterranean conditions where soils may lead to micronutrients and phosphorus deficiencies and where drought may promote low use efficiencies of applied fertilizers. To this end, three experiments were performed in two growing seasons. B. subtilis increased the uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus, and manganese relative to other treatments in the experiment carried out in the first growing season involving two experimental sites. The increased phosphorus uptake was attributed to the increased activity of alkaline phosphatase. In this first season, T. asperellum increased acid phosphatase activity without effect on P uptake and decreased the P to Zn molar ratio in grains, thus improving grain quality for human consumption. In the second season, the effects of microbial inoculants were less evident possibly due to favourable environmental conditions for crops (higher water availability) or phosphate fertilization. Results evidenced that B. subtilis can be effective improving the development and nutrient uptake of durum wheat under more stressful conditions, such as drought stress.
Local spin fluctuations in iron-based superconductors: 77Se and 87Rb NMR measurements of Tl0.47Rb0.34Fe1.63Se2
Creators: name: Ma, Long
name: Ji, G. F.
name: Dai, J.
name: He, J. B.
name: Wang, D. M.
name: Chen, G. F.
name: Normand, B.
name: Yu, Weiqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies of the intercalated iron selenide superconductor (Tl, Rb)$_{y}$Fe$_{2-x}$Se$_2$ ($T_c = 32$ K). Single-crystal measurements up to 480 K on both $^{77}$Se and $^{87}$Rb nuclei show a superconducting phase with no magnetic order. The Knight shifts $K$ and relaxation rates $1/T_1T$ increase very strongly with temperature above $T_c$, before flattening at 400 K. The quadratic $T$-dependence and perfect proportionality of both $K$ and $1/T_1T$ data demonstrate their origin in paramagnetic moments. A minimal model for this pseudogap-like response is not a missing density of states but two additive contributions from the itinerant electronic and local magnetic components, a framework unifying the $K$ and $1/T_1 T$ data in many iron-based superconductors.
title: The Physiological and Genetic Factors Underpinning the Response to Muscle Damaging Exercise
Creators: name: Baumert, P
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2019

description: It is often observed that there is a high individual variability in the response to exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), even when tested in a homogeneous cohort accounting for age, sex, ethnicity and physical activity. The response to EIMD is very complex as several tissues, including skeletal muscle fibres, the extra-cellular matrix (ECM), and tendon, play a potential role in the damage response. Therefore, the overall aim of this PhD thesis was to investigate the physiological and genetic factors underpinning the response to muscle damaging exercise. For that, the following objectives were (i) to comprehensively assess the physiological mechanisms and recovery pattern of neuromuscular fatigue of the hamstring muscle group following an intermittent sprint (IS) intervention; (ii) to investigate inter-individual differences in skeletal muscle repair/recovery after an artificial wounding (scratch) assay using of primary human skeletal muscle cells in vitro; (iii) to ascertain whether multiple genetic variations, which are linked to varying tissues, forming a polygenic profile could distinguish between high and low responders following muscle damage in vivo and in vitro; and (iv) to assess whether a genetic profile is linked with the response to both EIMD and chronic resistance exercise. The methodological and analytical approaches utilised in this thesis identified a number of important, novel and impactful findings. Following IS, the impaired hamstring muscle function and delayed recovery is probably caused primarily by damage to the contractile tissue, and participants with a greater force generating capacity (larger physiological cross-sectional area) of the biceps femoris long head were less susceptible to hamstring strength loss immediately after IS, providing evidence that the structure of the muscle protects it against peripheral fatigue/damage. The in vitro study showed that skeletal muscles with an increased number of stem cells of the connective tissue (fibroblasts) might have a better capacity to reorganise the complex ECM, which results in a faster muscle strength recovery after muscle damaging exercise. However, a larger number of active muscle stem cells (myoblasts) seems to be important for the latter stage of muscle regeneration. Individuals possessing a non-preferential genetic profile demonstrated increased rate of muscle damage biomarkers than individuals with a preferential genetic profile. Lastly, we calculated a second polygenic profile which was linked with both the EIMD and the chronic resistance exercise response. These polygenic profiles may be used to anticipate an individual’s response/adaptation to EIMD and to chronic resistance exercise, thus enabling resistance exercise to be prescribed on a personalised level to improve muscle health and function.
Evaluation of drought tolerance in a world collection of Eruca sativa L. based on selection indices and some agronomic traits
Creators: name: Nikzad, Sharifeh
name: Maibody, Seyed Ali Mohammad Mirmohammady
name: Ehtemam, Mohammad Hossein
name: Golkar, Pooran
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology

description: Drought is the most destructive environmental limitation that jeopardizes agronomic production. Given the wide range of industrial and medicinal applications of arugula (Eruca sativa. L.), the present study evaluated the response of a world collection of 64 arugula genotypes to drought stress over a two-year study period (2019 and 2020) through selection indices and some agronomic traits. The main objective was to identify the best selection indices from Susceptibility Index (SSI), Yield Stability Index (YSI), Tolerance Index (TOL), Mean Productivity (MP), Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP), and Stress Tolerance Index (STI) that could be exploited in the genotypic selection of the crop’s drought-tolerant cultivars. The highest values of STI, MP, and YSI were recorded for the genotypes G58 and G35 in 2019 and 2020, respectively. Generally, the superior genotypes for seed yield in 2019 were G56 and G58 while G35 and G55 proved so in 2020. It was concluded that these genotypes could be utilized as donor parents in drought tolerance in arugula.
Climate-driven asset management of public buildings : a multi-period maintenance planning framework
Creators: name: Ruparathna, Vithanapalpita K Rajeev J
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Reducing the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and shrinking the environmental footprint are priority themes of the Federal Sustainable Development Strategy of Canada. Public buildings account for the major portion of the corporate GHG footprint of public sector institutions. Improving the energy efficiency in buildings is vital in achieving the climate action targets pertaining to the public sector. According to Canadian Infrastructure Report Card, the physical condition of public buildings is expected to deteriorate in the future. In order to make the best use of the limited financial resources, hybrid building management plans which combine energy efficiency with physical condition improvement need to be developed. Building maintenance and retrofit plans are formulated for medium and long terms in the capital asset planning process. There is significant uncertainty associated with asset management decision making due to macro-economic variations such as technological advancements and new policies. At present, there are no pragmatic decision making methods that assist building asset management while incorporating future macro-economic changes. This research aims to bridge the aforementioned gap in literature by developing a multi-period asset management framework. The overall objective of the proposed research is aimed at developing a decision support framework for small and medium scale municipalities in Canada to attain climate action targets of municipal buildings, while prolonging the service life of the building components. This research will help to identify, evaluate, and prioritize maintenance or repair or replacement strategies, and to develop a comprehensive multi-period life cycle asset management plan based on allocated funding, targeted sustainability performance and future macro-economic changes. The findings of this research will extend the current body of knowledge by incorporating potential future technological advancement and climate action targets into the asset management decision making. The proposed asset management decision support framework consists of a retrofit investment planning method, a level of service (LOS) index, life cycle costing (LCC) technique, and a risk based maintenance planning approach. This research is expected to assist at all decision making levels in public sector institutions related to building asset management, and thereby in achieving corporate climate action targets.
ProtoArgNet: Interpretable Image Classification with Super-Prototypes and Argumentation [Technical Report]
Creators: name: Ayoobi, Hamed
name: Potyka, Nico
name: Toni, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose ProtoArgNet, a novel interpretable deep neural architecture for image classification in the spirit of prototypical-part-learning as found, e.g., in ProtoPNet. While earlier approaches associate every class with multiple prototypical-parts, ProtoArgNet uses super-prototypes that combine prototypical-parts into a unified class representation. This is done by combining local activations of prototypes in an MLP-like manner, enabling the localization of prototypes and learning (non-linear) spatial relationships among them. By leveraging a form of argumentation, ProtoArgNet is capable of providing both supporting (i.e. `this looks like that') and attacking (i.e. `this differs from that') explanations. We demonstrate on several datasets that ProtoArgNet outperforms state-of-the-art prototypical-part-learning approaches. Moreover, the argumentation component in ProtoArgNet is customisable to the user's cognitive requirements by a process of sparsification, which leads to more compact explanations compared to state-of-the-art approaches.
Enhancing autonomous vehicle acceptance with age and education sensitive simulation interventions: An experimental trial
Creators: name: Kacperski, Celina
name: Ulloa, Roberto
name: Wautelet, Jeremy
name: Vogel, Tobias
name: Kutzner, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The familiarity principle posits that acceptance increases with exposure, which has previously been shown with in vivo and simulated experiences with connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs). We investigate the impact of a simulated video-based first-person drive on CAV acceptance, as well as the impact of information customization, with a particular focus on acceptance by older individuals and those with lower education. Findings from an online experiment with N=799 German residents reveal that the simulated experience improved acceptance across response variables such as intention to use and ease of use, particularly among older individuals. However, the opportunity to customize navigation information decreased acceptance of older individuals and those with university degrees and increased acceptance for younger individuals and those with lower educational levels.
Alteration of Genomic Imprinting after Assisted Reproductive Technologies and Long-Term Health.
Creators: name: Ochoa, Eguzkine
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: DNA methylation
epigenetic reprogramming
Assisted reproductive technology
genomic imprinting
Long-term Health

description: Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are the treatment of choice for some infertile couples and even though these procedures are generally considered safe, children conceived by ART have shown higher reported risks of some perinatal and postnatal complications such as low birth weight, preterm birth, and childhood cancer. In addition, the frequency of some congenital imprinting disorders, like Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome and Silver-Russell Syndrome, is higher than expected in the general population after ART. Experimental evidence from animal studies suggests that ART can induce stress in the embryo and influence gene expression and DNA methylation. Human epigenome studies have generally revealed an enrichment of alterations in imprinted regions in children conceived by ART, but no global methylation alterations. ART procedures occur simultaneously with the establishment and maintenance of imprinting during embryonic development, so this may underlie the apparent sensitivity of imprinted regions to ART. The impact in adulthood of imprinting alterations that occurred during early embryonic development is still unclear, but some experimental evidence in mice showed higher risk to obesity and cardiovascular disease after the restriction of some imprinted genes in early embryonic development. This supports the hypothesis that imprinting alterations in early development might induce epigenetic programming of metabolism and affect long-term health. Given the growing use of ART, it is important to determine the impact of ART in genomic imprinting and long-term health.
Couplings of quarks in the Partially Aligned 2HDM with a four-zero texture Yukawa matrix
Creators: name: Hernández-Sánchez, J.
name: López-Lozano, L.
name: Noriega-Papaqui, R.
name: Rosado, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Two Higgs Doublets Model (2HDM) has provided a very useful way to describe a minimal extension of the scalar sector of the Standard Model. In this work, it is shown a scheme that we call Partial Aligned Two Higgs Doublet Model (PA-2HDM) which allows a description of the distinct versions of the 2HDM in a simple way, including those with flavor symmetries. In addition, it is shown a method to diagonalize Yukawa matrices of four-zero texture coming from the 2HDM-III. We provide some phenomenological applications in order to show the model's predictive power.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
Acute Regression in Down Syndrome.
Creators: name: Handen, Benjamin
name: Clare, Isabel
name: Laymon, Charles
name: Petersen, Melissa
name: Zaman, Shahid
name: O'Bryant, Sid
name: Minhas, Davneet
name: Tudorascu, Dana
name: Brown, Stephanie
name: Christian, Bradley
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Regression
Biomarkers
Alzheimer’s disease
Down syndrome

description: BackgroundAcute regression has been reported in some individuals with Down syndrome (DS), typically occurring between the teenage years and mid to late 20s. Characterized by sudden, and often unexplained, reductions in language skills, functional living skills and reduced psychomotor activity, some individuals have been incorrectly diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsThis paper compares five individuals with DS who previously experienced acute regression with a matched group of 15 unaffected individuals with DS using a set of AD biomarkers.ResultsWhile the sample was too small to conduct statistical analyses, findings suggest there are possible meaningful differences between the groups on proteomics biomarkers (e.g., NfL, total tau). Hippocampal, caudate and putamen volumes were slightly larger in the regression group, the opposite of what was hypothesized. A slightly lower amyloid load was found on the PET scans for the regression group, but no differences were noted on tau PET.ConclusionsSome proteomics biomarker findings suggest that individuals with DS who experience acute regression may be at increased risk for AD at an earlier age in comparison to unaffected adults with DS. However, due to the age of the group (mean 38 years), it may be too early to observe meaningful group differences on image-based biomarkers.
The Electric Aharonov-Bohm Effect
Creators: name: Weder, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81U40, 35P25, 35Q40, 35R30

description: In their seminal paper Aharonov and Bohm (1959) claimed that electromagnetic fields can act at a distance on charged particles even if they are identically zero in the region of space where the particles propagate. They proposed two experiments to verify their theoretical conclusions. The magnetic effect, that has been extensively studied, and the electric effect where an electron is affected by a time-dependent electric potential that is constant in the region where the electron is propagating, i.e., such that the electric field vanishes along its trajectory. The Aharonov-Bohm effects imply such a strong departure from the physical intuition coming from classical physics that it is no wonder that they remain a highly controversial issue, after more than fifty years. The existence of electric Aharonov-Bohm effect, that has not been confirmed experimentally, is a very controversial issue. In their 1959 paper Aharonov and Bohm proposed an Ansatz for the solution to the Schroedinger equation in regions where there is a time-dependent electric potential that is constant in space. It consists in multiplying the free evolution by a phase given by the integral in time of the potential. The validity of this Ansatz predicts interference fringes between parts of a coherent electron beam that are subjected to different potentials. In this paper we prove that the exact solution to the Schroedinger equation is given by the Aharonov-Bohm Ansatz up to an error bound in norm that is uniform in time and that decays as a constant divided by the velocity. Our results give, for the first time, a rigorous proof that quantum mechanics predicts the existence of the electric Aharonov-Bohm effect, under conditions that we provide. We hope that our results will estimulate the experimental research on the electric Aharonov-Bohm effect.
description: This version has been edited. The results are as in version 1
การเปรียบเทียบความพึงพอใจของลูกค้าต่อส่วนประสมทางการตลาด สำหรับ กลุ่มทอผ้าขาวม้าเพื่อการผลิต บ้านขาม อำเภอยางตลาด จังหวัดกาฬสินธุ์
Creators: name: จันท์ทัปภาส์ ธนประดิษฐ์กุล
Publisher: name: โรงพิมพ์มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคาม
Year: 2561
Subjects: ส่วนประสมทางการตลาด
ความพึงพอใจ

description: วารสารวิชาการ คณะวิทยาการจัดการ, 3, 5, 57-70
Viscous damping of r-modes: Small amplitude instability
Creators: name: Alford, Mark
name: Mahmoodifar, Simin
name: Schwenzer, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the viscous damping of r-modes of compact stars and analyze in detail the regions where small amplitude modes are unstable to the emission of gravitational radiation. We present general expressions for the viscous damping times for arbitrary forms of interacting dense matter and derive general semi-analytic results for the boundary of the instability region. These results show that many aspects, like in particular the physically important minima of the instability boundary, are surprisingly insensitive to detailed microscopic properties of the considered form of matter. Our general expressions are applied to the cases of hadronic stars, strange stars, and hybrid stars, and we focus on equations of state that are compatible with the recent measurement of a heavy compact star. We find that hybrid stars with a sufficiently small core can "masquerade" as neutron stars and feature an instability region that is indistinguishable from that of a neutron star, whereas neutron stars with a core density high enough to allow direct Urca reactions feature a notch on the right side of the instability region.
description: 22 pages, 16 figures, published version
ผลกระทบวัฒนธรรมองค์กร ความเป็นเลิศทางการบัญชีต่อประสิทธิภาพ การปฏิบัติ งานระบบ GFMIS ของส่วนราชการในจังหวัดนครราชสีมา
Creators: name: จารุวรรณ วงศ์สุนทร
name: ธนภณ วิมูลอาจ
Publisher: name: โรงพิมพ์มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคาม
Year: 2561
Subjects: วัฒนธรรมองค์กร
ความเป็นเลิศทางการบัญชี
ประสิทธิภาพการปฏิบัติงาน
ระบบ GFMIS ส่วนราชการในจังหวัดนครราชสีมา

description: วารสารวิชาการ คณะวิทยาการจัดการ, 3, 5, 71-84
iBitter-Fuse: A Novel Sequence-Based Bitter Peptide Predictor by Fusing Multi-View Features.
Creators: name: Charoenkwan, Phasit
name: Nantasenamat, Chanin
name: Hasan, Md Mehedi
name: Moni, Mohammad Ali
name: Lio', Pietro
name: Shoombuatong, Watshara
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classification
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Support vector machine
subject: Feature Selection
subject: Machine Learning
subject: Bitter Peptide
subject: Humans
subject: Peptide Fragments
subject: Predictive Value of Tests
subject: Taste
subject: Algorithms
subject: Software
subject: Benchmarking
subject: Support Vector Machine

description: Funder: Chiang Mai University
description: Funder: College of Arts, Media and Technology, Chiang Mai University
description: Funder: Mahidol University
description: Accurate identification of bitter peptides is of great importance for better understanding their biochemical and biophysical properties. To date, machine learning-based methods have become effective approaches for providing a good avenue for identifying potential bitter peptides from large-scale protein datasets. Although few machine learning-based predictors have been developed for identifying the bitterness of peptides, their prediction performances could be improved. In this study, we developed a new predictor (named iBitter-Fuse) for achieving more accurate identification of bitter peptides. In the proposed iBitter-Fuse, we have integrated a variety of feature encoding schemes for providing sufficient information from different aspects, namely consisting of compositional information and physicochemical properties. To enhance the predictive performance, the customized genetic algorithm utilizing self-assessment-report (GA-SAR) was employed for identifying informative features followed by inputting optimal ones into a support vector machine (SVM)-based classifier for developing the final model (iBitter-Fuse). Benchmarking experiments based on both 10-fold cross-validation and independent tests indicated that the iBitter-Fuse was able to achieve more accurate performance as compared to state-of-the-art methods. To facilitate the high-throughput identification of bitter peptides, the iBitter-Fuse web server was established and made freely available online. It is anticipated that the iBitter-Fuse will be a useful tool for aiding the discovery and de novo design of bitter peptides.
Erratum: Dietary Intervention in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes; Protocol for the DiGest Randomised Controlled Trial; Nutrients 2020, 12, 1165.
Creators: name: Kusinski, Laura C
name: Murphy, Helen R
name: Rolfe, Emanuella De Lucia
name: Rennie, Kirsten L
name: Griep, Linda M Oude
name: Hughes, Deborah
name: Taylor, Roy
name: Meek, Claire L
Publisher: name: MDPI AG
Year: 2020
Subjects: 3215 Reproductive Medicine
32 Biomedical and Clinical Sciences
Prevention
Diabetes
Nutrition
Pregnancy
Women's Health

description: The authors would like to correct an error in a recent published paper [...].
The non-semisimple Kazhdan-Lusztig category for affine $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ at admissible levels
Creators: name: McRae, Robert
name: Yang, Jinwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B69, 17B37, 18M15, 81R10, 81T40

description: We show that Kazhdan and Lusztig's category $KL^k(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ of modules for the affine Lie algebra $\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}_2$ at an admissible level $k$, equivalently the category of finite-length grading-restricted generalized modules for the universal affine vertex operator algebra $V^k(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$, is a braided tensor category. Although this tensor category is not rigid, we show that the subcategory of all rigid objects in $KL^k(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ is equal to the subcategory of all projective objects, and that every simple module in $KL^k(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ has a projective cover. Moreover, we show that the full subcategory of projective objects in $KL^k(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ is monoidal equivalent to the category of tilting modules for quantum $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ at the root of unity $ζ=e^{πi/(k+2)}$. Using this, we establish a universal property of the tensor category $KL^k(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$, and as an application, we prove a weak Kazhdan-Lusztig correspondence, that is, we obtain an exact essentially surjective (but not full or faithful) tensor functor from $KL^k(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ to the category of finite dimensional weight modules for the quantum group associated to $\mathfrak{sl}_2$ at the root of unity $ζ$. We also use the universal property to classify the categories $KL^k(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ up to (braided) tensor equivalence and to obtain a tensor-categorical version of quantum Drinfeld-Sokolov reduction, that is, we construct a braided tensor functor from $KL^k(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ to a category of modules for the Virasoro algebra at central charge $1-\frac{6(k+1)^2}{k+2}$.
description: 73 pages, final version incorporating referee comments and added references, appendix on structure of tilting modules removed and replaced with references to the quantum group literature
Mitogenome Phylogeny Including Data from Additional Subspecies Provides New Insights into the Historical Biogeography of the Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx.
Creators: name: Mengüllüoğlu, Deniz
name: Ambarlı, Hüseyin
name: Barlow, Axel
name: Paijmans, Johanna L A
name: Sayar, Ali Onur
name: Emir, Hasan
name: Kandemir, İrfan
name: Hofer, Heribert
name: Fickel, Jörns
name: Förster, Daniel W
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biogeography
Intraspecific variation
Mitogenome
Anatolian Refugium
Balkan Lynx
Caucasian Lynx
Himalayan Lynx

description: Previous molecular studies of the wide-ranging Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx focused mainly on its northern Palearctic populations, with the consequence that the reconstruction of this species' evolutionary history did not include genetic variation present in its southern Palearctic distribution. We sampled a previously not considered Asian subspecies (L. l. dinniki), added published data from another Asian subspecies (L. l. isabellinus), and reassessed the Eurasian lynx mtDNA phylogeny along with previously published data from northern Palearctic populations. Our mitogenome-based analyses revealed the existence of three major clades (A: Central Asia, B: SE Europe/SW Asia, C: Europe and Northern Asia) and at least five lineages, with diversification in Lynx lynx commencing at least 28kyr earlier than hitherto estimated. The subspecies L. l. isabellinus harbors the most basal matriline, consistent with the origin of Lynx lynx in this subspecies' current range. L. l. dinniki harbors the second most basal matriline, which is related to, and may be the source of, the mtDNA diversity of the critically endangered Balkan lynx L. l. balcanicus. Our results suggest that the Anatolian peninsula was a glacial refugium for Eurasian lynx, with previously unconsidered implications for the colonization of Europe by this species.
Quantum chaos: an introduction via chains of interacting spins-1/2
Creators: name: Gubin, Aviva
name: Santos, Lea F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce aspects of quantum chaos by analyzing the eigenvalues and the eigenstates of quantum many-body systems. The properties of quantum systems whose classical counterparts are chaotic differ from those whose classical counterparts are not chaotic. The spectrum of the first exhibits repulsion of the energy levels. This is one of the main signatures of quantum chaos. We show how level repulsion develops in one-dimensional systems of interacting spins 1/2 which are devoid of random elements and involve only two-body interactions. In addition to the statistics of the eigenvalues, we analyze how the structure of the eigenstates may indicate chaos. The programs used to obtain the data are available online.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Toward user-adaptive visualizations : further results on real-time prediction of user cognitive abilities from action and eye-tracking data
Creators: name: Rahman, Md Abed
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Previous work has shown that some user cognitive abilities relevant for processing information visualizations can be predicted from eye tracking data. Performing this type of user modeling is important for devising user-adaptive visualizations that can adapt to a user’s abilities as needed during the interaction. In this thesis, we contribute to previous work by extending the type of visualizations considered and the set of cognitive abilities that can be predicted from gaze data, thus providing evidence on the generality of these findings. We also evaluate how quality of gaze data impacts prediction. Finally, we further extend previous work by investigating interaction data as an alternative source to predict our target user characteristics. We present a formal comparison of predictors based solely on gaze data, on interaction data, or on a combination of the two.
The MS Remyelinating Drug Bexarotene (an RXR Agonist) Promotes Induction of Human Tregs and Suppresses Th17 Differentiation In Vitro.
Creators: name: Gaunt, Christopher M
name: Rainbow, Daniel B
name: Mackenzie, Ruairi J
name: Jarvis, Lorna B
name: Mousa, Hani S
name: Cunniffe, Nicholas
name: Georgieva, Zoya
name: Brown, J William
name: Coles, Alasdair J
name: Jones, Joanne L
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: T cells
Multiple sclerosis
Autoimmunity
Retinoids
Retinoid X Receptor (Rxr)
Th17 & Tregs Cells

description: Funder: Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
description: Funder: Wellcome Trust
description: Funder: NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre
description: The retinoid X receptor agonist bexarotene promotes remyelination in patients with multiple sclerosis. Murine studies have also demonstrated that RXR agonists have anti-inflammatory effects by enhancing the ability of all-trans-retinoic acid (atRA) to promote T-regulatory cell (Treg) induction and reduce Th17 differentiation in vitro. By stimulating human naïve CD4 T-cells in the presence of Treg or Th17 skewing cytokines, we show that bexarotene also tips the human Treg/Th17 axis in favor of Treg induction, but unlike murine cells this occurs independently of atRA and retinoic acid receptor signaling. Tregs induced in the presence of bexarotene express canonical markers of T-regulation and are functionally suppressive in vitro. Circulating Treg numbers did not increase in the blood of trial patients receiving bexarotene; we believe this is because Treg induction is likely to occur within tissues. These findings lend support to developing RXR agonists as treatments of autoimmune diseases, in particular multiple sclerosis.
Tensile Strength of Artificially Cemented Sandstone Generated via Microbially Induced Carbonate Precipitation.
Creators: name: Konstantinou, Charalampos
name: Biscontin, Giovanna
name: Logothetis, Fotios
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Grain size
Fracture Surface
Sandstone
Fracture Mechanics
Indirect Tensile Strength
Bio-cementation

description: Funder: bp International Centre for Advanced Materials (bp-ICAM)
description: Artificially bio-cemented sands treated with microbially induced calcite precipitation are weakly cemented rocks representing intermediate materials between locked and carbonate sands. Variations in cementation significantly affect the strength of sample, particularly tensile stregth. The modes of fracture and the surface characteristics resulting from the indirect tensile strength tests (Brazilian tests) are strongly correlated with the specimen strength and consequently the degree of cementation. This study examines the tensile strength of bio-cemented fine and coarse sands (average particle diameter 0.18 and 1.82 mm, respectively) and investigates failure modes by recording fracture evolution at both sides of specimen and surface characteristics of the reconstructed surfaces. The dimensionless slope parameter Z2 provided the best fit with respect to tensile strength while the power spectral density was a good indicator of surface anisotropy. Finally, wavelet decomposition allowed for comparison of fracture surface characteristics of the two sands ignoring the grain size effects.
Spectral Properties of Grain Boundaries at Small Angles of Rotation
Creators: name: Hempel, Rainer
name: Kohlmann, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study some spectral properties of a simple two-dimensional model for small angle defects in crystals and alloys. Starting from a periodic potential $V \colon \R^2 \to \R$, we let $V_θ(x,y) = V(x,y)$ in the right half-plane $\{x \ge 0\}$ and $V_θ= V \circ M_{-θ}$ in the left half-plane $\{x < 0\}$, where $M_θ\in \R^{2 \times 2}$ is the usual matrix describing rotation of the coordinates in $\R^2$ by an angle $θ$. As a main result, it is shown that spectral gaps of the periodic Schrödinger operator $H_0 = -Δ+ V$ fill with spectrum of $R_θ= -Δ+ V_θ$ as $0 \ne θ\to 0$. Moreover, we obtain upper and lower bounds for a quantity pertaining to an integrated density of states measure for the surface states.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures
Disappearance of entanglement: a topological point of view
Creators: name: Zhou, Dong
name: Joynt, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a topological classification of the evolution of entanglement, particularly the different ways the entanglement can disappear. Four categories exhaust all possibilities given the initial quantum state is entangled and the final one is not. Exponential decay of entanglement, entanglement sudden death and sudden birth can all be understood and visualized in the associated geometrical picture - the polarization vector representation. The entanglement evolution categories of any model are determined by the topology of the state space, the limiting state and the memory effect of the environment. Transitions between these types of behaviors as a function of physical parameters are also possible. These transitions are thus of topological nature. We illustrate the general concepts with a visualizable model.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
title: Селективное окисление скрытых слоев AlGaAs
Creators: name: Гребенников, Василий
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2021

description: Проведено исследование технологии селективного окисления скрытого слоя AlGaAs, используемого в качестве апертурного слоя в структуре вертикально-излучающего лазера. Окисление проводилось методом термического оксидирования в атмосфере увлажненного азота. Описаны режимы процесса окисления, приведены фотографии
результатов окисления и зависимости скорости роста оксидного слоя от температуры процесса. Разработана технология формирования оксидной токовой апертуры применительно к вертикально-излучающим лазерам спектрального диапазона 850 нм, позволяющая точно контролировать размеры и форму получаемой апертуры.
Topological Quantum Liquids with Quaternion Non-Abelian Statistics
Creators: name: Xu, Cenke
name: Ludwig, Andreas W. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noncollinear magnetic order is typically characterized by a "tetrad" ground state manifold (GSM) of three perpendicular vectors or nematic-directors. We study three types of tetrad orders in two spatial dimensions, whose GSMs are SO(3) = S^3/Z_2, S^3/Z_4, and S^3/Q_8, respectively. Q_8 denotes the non-Abelian quaternion group with eight elements. We demonstrate that after quantum disordering these three types of tetrad orders, the systems enter fully gapped liquid phases described by Z_2, Z_4, and non-Abelian quaternion gauge field theories, respectively. The latter case realizes Kitaev's non-Abelian toric code in terms of a rather simple spin-1 SU(2) quantum magnet. This non-Abelian topological phase possesses a 22-fold ground state degeneracy on the torus arising from the 22 representations of the Drinfeld double of Q_8.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
DNA Methylation Dynamics in the Female Germline and Maternal-Effect Mutations That Disrupt Genomic Imprinting.
Creators: name: Anvar, Zahra
name: Chakchouk, Imen
name: Demond, Hannah
name: Sharif, Momal
name: Kelsey, Gavin
name: Van Den Veyver, Ignatia B
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: DNA methylation
Oocyte
Infertility
Epigenetics
genomic imprinting
Subcortical Maternal Complex
Embryo Arrest
Epimutations

description: Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic marking process that results in the monoallelic expression of a subset of genes. Many of these 'imprinted' genes in mice and humans are involved in embryonic and extraembryonic growth and development, and some have life-long impacts on metabolism. During mammalian development, the genome undergoes waves of (re)programming of DNA methylation and other epigenetic marks. Disturbances in these events can cause imprinting disorders and compromise development. Multi-locus imprinting disturbance (MLID) is a condition by which imprinting defects touch more than one locus. Although most cases with MLID present with clinical features characteristic of one imprinting disorder. Imprinting defects also occur in 'molar' pregnancies-which are characterized by highly compromised embryonic development-and in other forms of reproductive compromise presenting clinically as infertility or early pregnancy loss. Pathogenic variants in some of the genes encoding proteins of the subcortical maternal complex (SCMC), a multi-protein complex in the mammalian oocyte, are responsible for a rare subgroup of moles, biparental complete hydatidiform mole (BiCHM), and other adverse reproductive outcomes which have been associated with altered imprinting status of the oocyte, embryo and/or placenta. The finding that defects in a cytoplasmic protein complex could have severe impacts on genomic methylation at critical times in gamete or early embryo development has wider implications beyond these relatively rare disorders. It signifies a potential for adverse maternal physiology, nutrition, or assisted reproduction to cause epigenetic defects at imprinted or other genes. Here, we review key milestones in DNA methylation patterning in the female germline and the embryo focusing on humans. We provide an overview of recent findings regarding DNA methylation deficits causing BiCHM, MLID, and early embryonic arrest. We also summarize identified SCMC mutations with regard to early embryonic arrest, BiCHM, and MLID.
LDFF
Creators: name: 鞠佳(JuJia)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Multiisolate

description: The external testing set comprised 50 additional pregnancies including 29 samples with male fetuses, 20 samples with female fetuses and 1 sample with female-female monozygotic twins. Among these samples, seven pregnancies had pregnancy complications, two pregnancies had β-thalassemia. The samples in this cohort were previously collected for monogenic disease research with the raw sequencing depth of nearly 120x. The high depth sequencing reads were down-sampled to similar sequencing depth with NIPT (7 million reads) for all samples, which were used as the external testing set to independently verify the model’s accuracy and robustness in the inference of FF. This link contains 7 million reads per samples.
title: A potentially harmful surgical disease not well known, that we should know
Creators: name: Sabatel Hernandez, Rafael
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Foreign bodies
subject: Surgery
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Extremities
subject: Emergency

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: We try to improve the knowledge of a no well known Surgical Disease , potencially harmful and more prevalent than we believe,making an early and correctdiagnosis avoiding mistakes It is...
Power Law Entropy Corrected New-Agegraphic Dark Energy in Hořava-Lifshitz Cosmology
Creators: name: Karami, K.
name: Sheykhi, A.
name: Jamil, Mubasher
name: Myrzakulov, R.
name: Ghaffari, S.
name: Abdolmaleki, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the new agegraphic dark energy (NADE) model with power-law corrected entropy in the framework of Hořava-Lifshitz cosmology. For a non-flat universe containing the interacting power-law entropy-corrected NADE (PLECNADE) with dark matter, we obtain the differential equation of the evolution of density parameter as well as the deceleration parameter. To study parametric behavior, we used an interesting form of state parameter as function of redshift $ω_Λ(z)=ω_0+ω_1 z$. We found that phantom crossing occurs for the state parameter for a non-zero coupling parameter, thus supporting interacting dark energy model.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in 'Canadian J. Phys.'
The pathogenetic mechanism of B2M in AD
Creators: name: 赵依妮(Yini Zhao)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Genome sequencing and assembly
Raw sequence reads
Monoisolate
Medical

description: B2M was upregulated in blood and brain of AD and HIV-related dementia, we suspect that B2M involved in AD disease development. Therefore, the pathogenetic mechanism of B2M in AD should be studied.