cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Living constantly at the interface with the surf zone: marine heavens in a delicate balance
Creators: name: Gaglioti, Martina
name: D., Alifuoco
name: A., Gaglioti
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 50104 Landscape Ecology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The coralline islands in the common perception are considered as inviolable havens unaffected by the well-known problems touching the other seas of the Planet. Although particularly resilient for their intrinsic characteristics and natural susceptibility to natural phenomena, the tropical regions can be periodically shattered by the occurrence of natural disasters. It is the case of this small islet located in the South Ari Atoll, which in 1998 experimented a severe bleaching event causing the death of more than 90% of hard corals. Additionally, few years later this documentation the same area of the Indian Ocean has been subject to a disastrous tsunami event (the Boxing Day Tsunami of 2004) in which several people perished and the landscape of this and other islands completely changed its overall appearance.
Diagnosing the solar atmosphere through the Mg I b$_2$ 5173 Å line. I. Nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium inversions versus traditional inferences
Creators: name: Siu-Tapia, A. L.
name: Rubio, L. R. Bellot
name: Suárez, D. Orozco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We examined the capabilities of methods based on the weak-field approximation and line bisectors to extract fast and reliable information about the height stratification of the magnetic field and line-of-sight velocities, respectively, from high spatial resolution observations of the Mg I b$_2$ line at 5173 Å. Methods. The Mg I b$_2$ line was analyzed alongside the Fe I 6173 Å line to help constrain the physical conditions of the photosphere. Additionally, we present the first high-resolution inversions of the Mg I b$_2$ line under nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) conditions conducted over a large field of view using a full-Stokes multiline approach. To determine the optimal inversion strategy, we performed several tests on the Mg I b$_2$ line using the Fourier Transform Spectrometer atlas profile before applying it to our observations. Results. The good correlations between the traditional methods and the NLTE inversions indicate that the weak-field approximation is generally a reliable diagnostic tool at moderate field strengths for the rapid inference of the longitudinal magnetic field from the Mg I b$_2$ line. In contrast, line bisectors exhibit poorer correlations with the NLTE inferred plasma velocities, suggesting that they might not be suitable for deriving velocity gradients from the Mg I b$_2$ line. Furthermore, to accurately derive the thermodynamic properties of the solar atmosphere from this line, the more complex, and time-consuming, NLTE Stokes inversions are necessary. This work also provides observational evidence of the existence of low-lying canopies expanding above bright magnetic structures and pores near the low chromosphere.
description: Paper accepted for publication in Section 9. The Sun and the Heliosphere of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 18 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables
title: Die Ästhetik des Opfers: Anmerkungen zur jüngsten Patriotismusdebatte in Japan
Creators: name: Pfeifer, Matthias
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst (FID) Asien
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Japan
subject: Geschichtsunterricht
subject: Schule
subject: Geschichtspolitik
subject: Vergangenheitsbewältigung
subject: Patriotismus
subject: 907

description: The Aesthetics of the Victim: Remarks on the Latest Debate on Patriotism in Japan It seems as if the reform of the educational law under the Abe administration in 2006 was the primary reason for the debate about patriotism in the media, but actually this debate is just the result of a long-lasting debate about the Japanese identity between political groups of the left and the right, a debate that now appears to have been decided in favor of the conservative powers in Japan. Even the opposition supported the new law, in which one of the main goals is to educate a spirit »that loves the homeland and the country«. Since the end of the cold war, the conservative media, i.e. newspapers, monthly magazines, book publishers and even movie production companies, have put a lot of effort into changing the perspective on Japanese history from a critical to a more affirmative view. Japanese history textbooks, since the end of World War II, tended to be neutral, and therefore lacked a specific view that could have an impact on the minds of Japanese students. The academic discourse about history was more or less in the hands of Marxist scientists, whereas the revisionists’ view of history expressed itself through popular media (comics, movies, magazines). In this narrative discourse of the revisionists, the affirmative view of self-sacrifice for the love of family and country plays an important It seems as if the reform of the educational law under the Abe administration in 2006 was the primary reason for the debate about patriotism in the media, but actually this debate is just the result of a long-lasting debate about the Japanese identity between political groups of the left and the right, a debate that now appears to have been decided in favor of the conservative powers in Japan. Even the opposition supported the new law, in which one of the main goals is to educate a spirit »that loves the homeland and the country«. Since the end of the cold war, the conservative media, i.e. newspapers, monthly magazines, book publishers and even movie production companies, have put a lot of effort into changing the perspective on Japanese history from a critical to a more affirmative view. Japanese history textbooks, since the end of World War II, tended to be neutral, and therefore lacked a specific view that could have an impact on the minds of Japanese students. The academic discourse about history was more or less in the hands of Marxist scientists, whereas the revisionists’ view of history expressed itself through popular media (comics, movies, magazines). In this narrative discourse of the revisionists, the affirmative view of self-sacrifice for the love of family and country plays an important
description: Japan 2007: Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, p. 69
Neglected amongst the grains- the ecological role of natural sandy beaches
Creators: name: Gaglioti, Martina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 60205 Marine and Estuarine Ecology (incl. Marine Ichthyology)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: An insight on the hidden world of sandy shores and the functional aspects affected by nourishment interventions.
Terracotta Female Musicians from the Sanctuary of Fontana Calda (Sicily)
Creators: name: Bellia, Angela
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: L-ANT/07 Archeologia classica
L-ART/07 Musicologia e storia della musica
L-ART/08 Etnomusicologia

description: Parmi les terres cuites figurées à représentation musicale se distinguent en Sicile des groupes de trois musiciennes. Si le premier exemple, de Gela, date du Ve s. av. J.-C., c’est surtout à l’époque hellénistique que différentes versions en ont été diffusées. Une joueuse d’aulos est toujours présente au centre ou sur les côtés, tandis que les autres musiciennes tiennent un tympanon et parfois des cymbales. Cette composition n’est connue en dehors de Sicile qu’à Locres, où ont été recueillis des exemplaires datés fin du IVe - début du IIIe s. av. J.-C. – Sur 68 triades, 27 proviennent d’aires sacrées où est attesté un culte lié à l’eau, ce qui a suggéré l’identification des musiciennes avec des Nymphes. En Sicile, le culte de celles-ci est étroitement lié à celui d’Artémis, mais cela n’exclut pas un lien éventuel avec un rituel adressé aux divinités chthoniennes. Musiciennes, les Nymphes pourraient ainsi jouer un rôle important dans les fêtes en l’honneur d’Artémis et à l’occasion du mariage de Korè-Perséphone. – Les questions soulevées ici réclameront à l’avenir un examen approfondi et interdisciplinaire. La signification de l’offrande des ces statuettes ainsi que leur lien avec la musique sont problématiques, tout comme leur identification : elles peuvent représenter des déesses ou des mortelles, prêtresses ou simples dédicantes. 

*****

Within the coroplastics with musical representations, there is in Sicily a category of groups of three female musicians. The first example comes from Gela and dates back to the 5th c. B.C. but different versions of the triad are more diffused above all in the Hellenistic age. The presence of aulos players is constant in the centre or at the sides while the other figures hold the tympanon and in some cases the kymbala. We do not know of any other examples outside Sicily, except for findings from Locri dated end of the 4th - beginning of the 3rd c. B.C. – Of the 68 female triads, 27 were found in sacred areas where there is documentary evidence for a cult connected with water. Such a circumstance prompted the identification of the musicians with the Nymphs. In Sicily, their cult seems closely connected to Artemis. But it does not exclude that these particular representations might be bound with a sacred ritual to cthonic divinities. The Nymphs, in the role of musicians, could play a significant role in the festivities connected with Artemis and with the marriage celebrations of Kore-Persephone. – Numerous questions have been raised that will require deeper, interdisciplinary, study in the future. There is a problem of understanding the meaning of the dedication of these terracottas and their relationship to music. Closely connected to this is the theme of the identification of some typologies of the female triads that could represent divinities, priestesses or simply offerers.
title: Antropologia filosófica. Uma perspetiva a partir da fenomenologia
Creators: name: Morujão, Carlos
Publisher: name: UCP Press
Year: 2020

description: For decades it was usual to understand Edmund Husserl's phenomenology as a philosophy of subjectivity and solipsistic consciousness. From this perspective, phenomenology had to be approached in the continuity of the idealistic philosophies of modernity, particularly those of Descartes and Kant. For more than a quarter of a century the situation has changed. Taking into account the texts published in Husserlian, it is not possible to ignore the fact that phenomenology, rather than being concerned with problems of knowledge, of logic, or of the philosophy of mathematics, aims at an integral understanding of the man who knows, the values by which he is guided, the culture he makes, and the meaning he attributes to his own life. It is within the framework of this turn in the understanding of the aims of the phenomenological project that a series of investigations on human nature are carried out in this work.
Competizioni musicali dei Greci d’Occidente: il caso della cicala di Locri
Creators: name: Bellia, Angela
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: L-ANT/07 Archeologia classica
L-ART/07 Musicologia e storia della musica
L-ART/08 Etnomusicologia
M-DEA/01 Discipline demoetnoantropologiche
M-STO/06 Storia delle religioni

description: Abbondanti testimonianze documentano l’importanza della cicala nella tradizione mitica e storica locrese, alcune delle quali investono problemi di natura storico-topografica legati alla rivalità tra Locri Epizefirii e Reggio. La versione «filolocrese» più nota del mito, da cui derivano quelle di Antigono Caristio e di Strabone, e di altri autori greci e latini, risale a Timeo di Tauromenio. Egli ricorda una gara ai giochi pitici durante i quali il citaredo locrese Eunomo vinse il reggino Aristone, sebbene quest’ultimo avesse riscosso in un primo momento il favore del pubblico. Durante la competizione Eunomo avrebbe cantato il mito delle cicale dell’Halex, come argomento di polemica contro gli abitanti di Reggio. Sul fiume, che probabilmente segnava il confine tra le due città greche d’Occidente, le cicale del territorio locrese sarebbero state canore e mute su quello reggino. 
Oltre che dalle testimonianze scritte, il forte e precoce legame tra la qualità canora della cicala e la città di Locri è documentato dai rinvenimenti archeologici. Dalle tombe della necropoli greca di contrada Lucifero provengono le riproduzioni di cicale in terracotta e in avorio, databili tra il VI e il V sec. a.C., che alluderebbero ai giochi infantili «con una ben precisa connotazione musicale». Inoltre, sui pinakes del V sec. a.C. rinvenuti nel Persephoneion della Mannella è riprodotta una scena di caccia della cicala da parte di una figura femminile, forse una piccola Kore le cui labbra sono come dischiuse (nel canto?), che potrebbe evocare l’episodio di un canto locrese.
Il mito delle cicale cantato da Eunomo era forse di origine arcaica e doveva essere già ben noto al tempo dell’agone citarodico sotto il segno di Apollo, a cui l’insetto era legato per le sue doti canore. La menzione di una statua di Eunomo ad Olimpia, caratterizzata da una cicala posata sulla kithara, inquadrerebbe l’episodio nel corso del V sec. a.C. quando le statue votive dei vincitori panellenici rappresentavano l’azione della gara e avevano abbandonato le generiche figure di kouroi e di offerenti diffuse nel VI sec. a.C. La presenza dell’insetto sulla kithara di Eunomo doveva essere probabilmente il riferimento all’argomento del suo canto e al momento centrale della gara, quando la cicala, forse emblema e simbolo della superiorità, anche musicale, di Locri, si era posta improvvisamente sulla corda spezzata dello strumento consentendo al locrese Eunomo di continuare e di vincere la competizione contro il reggino Aristone.
Mito, musica e rito: fonti scritte e documentazione archeologica del culto di Demetra
Creators: name: Bellia, Angela
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: L-ANT/07 Archeologia classica
L-ART/07 Musicologia e storia della musica
L-ART/08 Etnomusicologia
M-DEA/01 Discipline demoetnoantropologiche
M-STO/06 Storia delle religioni

description: Numerous written, iconographic and archaeological sources suggest the importance of sound in the mythical and ritual context of Demeter. In Sicily, the discovery of statuettes of female players, who are single or in groups, in the sacred areas dedicated to the deity, seems related to the Demeter festivals and with the music and dance performed also during the Thesmophoria. We may now add, to these testimonies, those of auloi and of tympana and miniature bronze kymbala identified in contexts sacred to the goddess. The presence of percussion instruments in the Demeter sphere is reflected in the written sources: the use of kymbala and tympana may have taken place during the ritual repetition of Demeter is running in search of Kore to the sound of the sacred instruments.
title: Grundzüge und Tendenzen der japanischen Außenpolitik
Creators: name: Vosse, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst (FID) Asien
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Japan
subject: Außenpolitik
subject: Sicherheitspolitik
subject: Geschichte 2006-2007
subject: 327

description: Main Features and Tendencies of Japan’s Foreign Policy This article gives an overview of recent developments in Japanese foreign policy. It takes a closer look at the development of its bilateral relations with the United States, P.R. China, Republic of Korea, DPRK, Australia, and Latin America, as well as its multilateral relations with ASEAN and the EU. Following that, it takes a closer look into four policy areas, namely security policy, development policy, international environmental policy, and international trade policy. The article argues, that between 2006 and 2007, Japan is not only continuing to build a closer security alliance with the United States, but that since the terrorist attacks of 9/11 and especially under PM Koizumi, this development has accelerated to an extent that the question about the abolishment of article 9 seems less significant. Especially given the now very close integration of Japan’s tactical and strategic planning and command structure with that of the U.S. forces in Japan. Overall, there are numerous indications, from security to ODA policy, that Japan is gradually weakening the Yoshida doctrine and the belief in comprehensive security, and, by increasingly taking a larger role in East Asian security, »normalizes« its foreign and security policy. The question that remains in 2007 is, how its East Asian neighbors will react to these developments, and whether Japan will eventually develop a security policy more independent of the United States, perhaps by diversifying its security arrangements.
description: Japan 2007: Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, p. 101
Universal scaling relation for growth phenomena
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Evandro A.
name: Luis, Edwin E. Mozo
name: de Assis, Thiago A.
name: Oliveira, Fernando A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Family-Vicsek relation is a seminal universal relation obtained for the global roughness at the interface of two media in the growth process. In this work, we revisit the scaling analysis and, through both analytical and computational means, show that the Family-Vicsek relation can be generalized to a new scaling independent of the size, substrate dimension $d$, and scaling exponents. We use properties of lattice growth models in the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang and Villain-Lai-Das Sarma universality classes for $1 \leq d \leq 3$ to support our claims.
Supplementary document for Hardware-algorithm collaborative computing with photonic spiking neuron chip based on integrated Fabry–Pérot laser with saturable absorber - 6187518.pdf
Creators: name: Xiang, Shuiying
name: Shi, Yuechun
name: Guo, Xingxing
name: ZHANG, YAHUI
name: Wang, Hongji
name: ZHENG, DIAN ZHUANG
name: Song, Ziwei
name: Han, Yanan
name: Gao, Shuang
name: Zhao, ShiHao
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Lasers and Quantum Electronics

description: Supplemental Document
Diagnosing the solar atmosphere through the Mg I b$_2$ 5173 Å line. II. Morphological classification of the intensity and circular polarization profiles
Creators: name: Siu-Tapia, A. L.
name: Rubio, L. R. Bellot
name: Suárez, D. Orozco
name: Gafeira, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Mg I b$_2$ line at 5173 Å is primarily magnetically sensitive to heights between the mid photosphere and the low chromosphere, a region that has not been sufficiently explored in the solar atmosphere but is crucial for understanding the magnetic coupling between the two layers. New generation solar observatories are now performing polarimetric observations of this spectral line, enabling simultaneous measurements with multiple spectral lines. This allows for detailed studies of the magnetism around the temperature minimum region at high spatial, temporal, and spectral resolutions. We present a morphological classification of the Stokes $I$ and $V$ profiles of the Mg I b$_2$ line using the Euclidean distance method on high spatial resolution observations from the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope. The physical properties of the resulting classes were analyzed using classical inference methods. Additionally, we present a two-line full-Stokes inversion of the representative profiles in which the Mg I b$_2$ line is treated fully under non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (NLTE) conditions, while the Fe I 6173 Å line is simultaneously inverted under LTE assumptions to provide photospheric constraints. This approach offers insights into the temperature stratification and other physical gradients involved in the formation of the different profile morphologies. We found nine classes of Stokes $V$ profiles and 16 classes of Stokes $I$ profiles in our Mg I b$_2$ dataset. These classes can be further grouped into families based on shared characteristics, physical properties, and location. Our classification provides important information on the different environments and processes occurring in the solar atmosphere around the temperature minimum region. It is also relevant for improving the performance of NLTE inversions.
description: Paper accepted for publication in Section 9. The Sun and the Heliosphere of Astronomy and Astrophysics. 22 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables, 1 appendix
title: Die Globalisierung der japanischen Sicherheits- und Verteidigungspolitik
Creators: name: Umbach, Frank
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst (FID) Asien
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Japan
subject: Sicherheitspolitik
subject: Geschichte 1945-2007
subject: 327

description: The Globalisation of Japan’s Security and Defence Policies One of the most remarkable and often overlooked strategic changes in the Asia-Pacific region during the last decade is the transformation of the Japanese military as a traditional reluctant actor, »civilian power« and »free rider« to a »normal« military power with wide-ranging security implications for regional and global security affairs. This analysis gives an overview of these remarkable changes (including the Japanese-US security alliance) since the mid 1990s and tries to answer the following questions: (1) whether the events of September 11, 2001 were the real catalyst for all the changes or whether those changes were already underway since the mid-1990s, and (2) whether the changing security environment (i.e. 9/11) prompted those changes of Japan’s security and defense policies as a traditionally perceived »adaptive state« in the light of the historic Meiji revolution, or whether domestic factors also help to explain those changes.
description: Japan 2007: Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, p. 125
title: Japans Wirtschaft auf dem Weg zurück zur Normalität?: Binnen- und außenwirtschaftliche Entwicklung 2006/2007 und Wirtschaftsbeziehungen zu Deutschland
Creators: name: Robaschik, Frank
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst (FID) Asien
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Japan
subject: Wirtschaft
subject: Geschichte 2006-2007
subject: 33

description: The Japanese economy on its way back to normality? Economic development 2006/2007 and economic relations with Germany Japan has in many areas come closer to a normalization of its economic situation. The end of deflation seems not far away. Private enterprises are performing well and corporate sector borrowing, which grew rapidly during the »bubble« period, has returned to levels common in the 1970s. Banks have written off many of their bad loans. Meanwhile, there is a labour shortage further aggravated by an ageing and shrinking population. However, low unemployment rates have often been a characteristic of the Japanese economy. Because of demographic factors, a reduction of Japan's foreign trade surpluses could be expected. Should, however, Japan’s pensioners and other citizens raise their savings rate, the surpluses can still persist. Currently, the surpluses are high and direct investment by Japanese firms abroad is rising significantly. At the same time, foreign direct investment stocks in Japan are growing too. The situation on the fiscal front, however, has still a long way to go, even though the current deficits are declining. The extremely high government indebtedness is the largest burden of the »post-bubble« period. Despite political difficulties in implementation, raising taxes and fees and reducing expenditures are the major options to cope with the debt, if inflation is not to be the solution of the fiscal problems. Finally, the country has to see that it stays competitive. In that sense, raising the already high R&D expenditure levels and keeping core technologies inside the country as done by Japanese firms is the right way to ensure that in the future. The cheap yen also helps their exports, which again is not new in Japan's economic development.
description: Japan 2007: Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, p. 163
Hidden Behind Colours : Art Piece & Reflection on the Impact of Cultural Identity on Mental Health
Creators: name: Goh, Nichole
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2021

description: Humans, being a social species, all live while subject to societal expectations; but the extent to which people are constrained in society by expectations are often indicative of their marginalization. This combination of repressive expectations, constraints, and marginalization can have strong negative impact on one’s mental health. Through her art piece, Goh uses different panels to speak to the multifaceted nature of the pressures that society places onto nonya/nyonya, an identity that places Goh (and others like her) at the intersection of Malaysian and Peranakan identities. Between societal pressures, family pressures, and internalized pressures, Goh’s piece speaks to the pervasive and all-encompassing nature of repressive societal expectations, and the damage that can do. This leads to a bigger question – how do we break this cycle?
title: Auslandsspiel mit gleicher Aufstellung?: Internationale Expansion japanischer F&E und die Frage nach der Übernahme erprobter Koordinationsstrukturen
Creators: name: Bartnik, Roman
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst (FID) Asien
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Japan
subject: Unternehmen
subject: Forschung und Entwicklung
subject: Internationalisierung
subject: 658

description: Playing away in the usual formation? International expansion of Japanese R&D and the question of transferring proven coordination practices Since the mid-1970s, Japanese value chains increasingly extend abroad. After marketing and production subsidiaries, this trend has, in recent years, reached research and development (R&D). This article shows the different influences that have led to the waves of Japanese internationalization, and discusses to what extent Japanese companies use domestic R&D subsidiaries and foreign sales and production subsidiaries as models for solving such new coordination problems. The discussion is structured by a model of R&D coordination costs and applied to an empirical comparison of domestic and foreign Japanese R&D subsidiaries. It is found that the Japanese latecomer status has strong effects on international coordination in production as in R&D facilities. It is argued that several traditional forms of overseas coordination such as centralization of decision making and process standardization can be applied to R&D coordination issues to a very limited extent, due to specific demands of the R&D process, and that expatriate control especially will need to be carefully tailored between supervision and integration roles. Comparing domestic and foreign subsidiaries, sub-critical size and lack of supporting local institutions limits the applicability of coordination mechanism forms such as intra-company socialization in the overseas locations, and hybrid solutions will have to be found that balance these issues. The largely successful transfer of Japanese production systems to overseas locations demonstrates that such adaptation to traditional practices is within the reach of inventive managers.
description: Japan 2007: Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, p. 189
Wind and wave-driven capacity building sessions in the Aegadian Islands MPA
Creators: name: Gaglioti, Martina
name: L., Bianco
name: A., Bevilacqua
name: G., Marrone
name: G., Bianco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 160401 Economic Geography
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: 160506 Education Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 160507 Environment Policy
subject: 160402 Recreation, Leisure and Tourism Geography

description: The Ocean Literacy is among the main goals of the UN ambitions and the sustainability objectives highlighted in the 2030 agenda. Even though in the majority of the cases the local stakeholders are subject to top-down initiatives driven by intergovernmental policies guidelines, at a local scale, in some specific circumstances, the capacity building initiatives can be easier than usual especially if supported by outstanding bottom-up initiatives. On this perspective there is a greater hope to overcome the "not in my backyard" attitude often perceptible toward every kind of conservation measure. In this way even the most difficult and unpopular measures can be accepted with an higher level of social awareness.
title: Das neue japanische Gesellschaftsrecht: Überblick, erste Erfahrungen und Prognosen
Creators: name: Westhoff, Jörn
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst (FID) Asien
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Japan
subject: Gesellschaftsrecht
subject: Reform
subject: Geschichte 2006
subject: 346

description: The New Japanese Corporation Law: Outline, Prospects and Initial Experience Japanese Corporate Law was substantially reformed in 2006, when the new »Company Code« (kaishahō) took effect. The new law provides for major liberalisation and flexibilisation of the corporate governance of Japanese joint stock corporations, the major form given to legal entities in Japan. Furthermore, new types of entities were introduced, namely the »limited liability company«, LLC (gōdō kaisha) and the »limited liability partnership«, LLP (yugen sekinin jigyō kumiai), both usually named with their English acronyms. The LLC and LLP will take some time to be accepted, but the new flexibility in the rules governing Japanese joint stock corporations already now provides some major advantages for the foreign business investor. In particular, the abolishment of the minimum capitalization, the liberalisation of contributions in kind and the flexible corporate governance structure allow for new forms of cooperation with Japanese partners and help to minimize the risk of a financial engagement in Japan. In the future, therefore, foreign investment in Japan, as is the target of the reforms, will be encouraged.
description: Japan 2007: Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, p. 221
Characterization of the small RNA transcriptome using the bcbio-nextgen python framework
Creators: name: Rubino, Lorena Pantano
name: Chapman, Brad
name: Kirchner, Rory
name: Hutchinson, John
name: Hofmann, Oliver
name: Sui, Shannon Ho
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: The study of small RNA helps us understand some of the complexity of gene regulation of a cell. Of the different types of small RNAs, the most important in mammals are miRNA, tRNA fragments and piRNAs. The advantage of small RNA-seq analysis is that we can study all small RNA types simultaneously, with the potential to detect novel small RNAs. bcbio-nextgen is a community- developed Python framework that implements best practices for next-generation sequence data analysis and uses gold standard data for validation. We have extended bcbio to include a small RNA-seq analysis pipeline that performs quality control, removal of adapter contamination, annotation of miRNA, isomiRs and tRNAs, novel miRNA discovery, and genome-wide characterization of other types of small RNAs. The pipeline integrates tools such as miRDeep2, seqbuster, seqcluster and tdrMapper to facilitate annotation to small RNA categories. It produces an R Markdown template that helps with downstream statistical analyses in R, including quality control metrics and best practices for differential expression and clustering analyses. Finally, the pipeline generates an interactive HTML-based browser for visualization purposes. This is useful for characterizing novel small RNA types, working with non-model organisms, or providing a general profiling description. This browser shows the small RNA regions along with their genomic annotation, expression profile over the precursor, secondary structure, and the top expressed sequences. Here, we show the capabilities of the pipeline and validation using data from the miRQC project. We show that the quantification accuracy is around 95% for miRNAs. We obtained similar results for other types of small RNA molecules, demonstrating that we can reliably detect small RNAs without a dependency on specific databases.

The video for this presentation at BOSC 2016 can be viewed here.
GenomeSpace: open source interoperability platform with crowd-sourced analysis recipes
Creators: name: Liefeld, Ted
name: Garamszegi, Sara
name: Wu, Felix
name: Ocana, Marco
name: Hill, Barbara
name: Thorvaldsdottir, Helga
name: Reich, Michael
name: Mesirov, Jill
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: GenomeSpace is a cloud-based environment that provides interoperability between best-of-breed computational tools, enabling scientists to easily combine tool capabilities without needing to program. It offers a common space to utilize, contribute, and share an ever-growing range of genomic analysis tools. GenomeSpace provides support for cloud-based data storage and analysis, multi-tool analysis scenarios, automatic conversion of data between tools, and ease of connecting new tools to the environment. GenomeSpace is free for all users and is open source under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL).

The GenomeSpace architecture consists of (1) a server running in the Amazon cloud that manages communications and data transfer between tools, and data storage; (2) the collection of computational tools, updated to communicate with the GenomeSpace server while retaining their original user interfaces; and (3) connections to Amazon, Dropbox, and Google Drive cloud-based data services. The connection between server, tools, and data is provided by a RESTful API that can be easily adopted by new tools. A web-based user interface provides an integrated tool bar and data view from which users can launch tools, perform analyses, and transfer data. GenomeSpace also provides single-sign-on across compatible tools via OpenID.

We will describe the open source GenomeSpace platform and how it can be used to support genomic analyses that utilize multiple independent tools including GenePattern, Galaxy, Cytoscape, and IGV. We will also show how developers can add their own tools to the GenomeSpace ecosystem. We will also describe the newly released GenomeSpace Recipe Resource, a repository of short, standalone guides for performing integrative bioinformatic analyses. Each recipe walks users step- by-step through the process of obtaining and analyzing data across multiple GenomeSpace-enabled tools. The Recipe Resource provides the GenomeSpace community with the ability to create, share, and collaborate on analytic recipes of common value.

The video for this presentation at BOSC 2016 can be viewed here.
Promoting platform interoperability with portable bcbio workflows
Creators: name: Chapman, Brad
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Running multi-step bioinformatics analyses requires coordinating software and data across a wide variety of heterogeneous computational resources. We've actively developed bcbio () for the past six years as a open, community built approach to developing variant calling, RNA-seq and small RNA analyses. The complexity of supporting scalable parallel workflows has become a barrier to allowing bcbio to interact with other open source platforms.

bcbio previously used a parallelization framework build on IPython parallel () that runs on both local compute infrastructure () and on cloud resources (). This approach unintentionally isolated bcbio development. For example, we could not easily deploy bcbio on community developed systems like Galaxy () due to different approaches to running compute jobs. This incompatibility results in duplication of effort as bcbio develops and tests system specific parallel code, while communities like Galaxy need to re-implement validated and tested analyses available in bcbio.

We re-engineered bcbio's internal workflow representation to use the CommonWorkflow Language (CWL: ). By using this community standard, users choose an infrastructure that matches their usage requirements. First build a bcbio parallel workflow directly from existing sample description files (), then choose the appropriate run environment. A clinical lab requiring full data provenance could run the generated bcbio CWL using Arvados (). Research teams with local compute could use an alternative engine like Toil (). By interoperating with other workflows, bcbio supplements existing infrastructure and analysis development within each system.

We'll discuss the challenges of migrating to CWL versus the benefits of being able to integrate within multiple platforms. bcbio is now a better architected, more portable set of validated tools and workflows to help scientists answer biological questions. We focus on developing analysis methods and validations while CWL supporting tools focus on other essential functionality like run tracking, multi-architecture support, resource usage assessment, provenance and data management. We hope to promote the continued exploration of ways to re-use and cooperate more effectively as an open source community.

The video for this presentation at BOSC 2016 can be viewed here.
Codefest 2016 report
Creators: name: Chapman, Brad
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Report from Codefest 2016 (https://www.open-bio.org/wiki/Codefest_2016) at FamiLAB (https://familab.org/)

The video for this presentation at BOSC 2016 can be viewed here.
title: Paradigmenwechsel?: Eine empirische Betrachtung transsektoraler Zusammenarbeit zwischen zivilen Umweltorganisationen und Großunternehmen in Japan
Creators: name: Brucksch, Susanne
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst (FID) Asien
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Japan
subject: Großbetrieb
subject: Umweltschutzorganisation
subject: Kooperation
subject: 363

description: Paradigm shift? An Empirical Analysis of Transsectoral Collaboration between Environmental NGOs and Large-Scale Enterprises in Japan Until the beginning of the 1990s, the relationship between large-scale enterprises and environmental NGOs in Japan was characterized by strong opposition. In recent years, however, there has been an increase in the number of environmental cooperation cases between these actors, although Japanese environmental NGOs are still comparatively small and presumably weak. The article asks whether the observed increase indicates a paradigm shift in the relationship between these actors. A paradigm shift would mean a disappearance of the ecology-economy-cleavage concerning the mutual perceptions and interaction of the observed collaboration examples. If so, there may be several options for environmental collaboration to function as an alternative problem solving strategy beside traditional political approaches. In an attempt to answer this question, the main characteristics and motivations of actors are investigated in this article. Additionally, a quantitative data set enables an analysis of factors that have an impact on the emergence of eco-collaborations and influence forms and contents of the observed cases of collaboration.
description: Japan 2007: Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, p. 243
title: Die Zukunft der kaiserlichen Thronfolge
Creators: name: Ando, Junko
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst (FID) Asien
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Japan
subject: Tenno
subject: Thronfolge
subject: 321

description: The Future of the Imperial Succession In Japan the throne was generally passed to male or female descendants in the male line of the imperial lineage, until the Meiji Constitution (1889) and the Imperial House Law (1889) restricted the succession to only male descendants in the male line (agnatic succession). While the new Constitution of Japan (1946/1947) provided that the throne shall be dynastic, the revised Imperial House Law (1947) retained the sexual restriction. Japan’s Imperial family had not been blessed with the birth of a prince since 1965, when in 2005, the former Prime Minister Jun’ichirō Koizumi set up an Advisory Council on the Imperial House Law to revise the order in favour of descendants and lines without any sexual restrictions. However, Koizumi’s intension was challenged by the pregnancy of Princess Akishino and her giving birth to a boy in September 2006. The discussion on this subject will be suspended for a while. But if Japan is to remain a monarchy in the future, the subject has to be resumed in about ten to fifteen years before the princesses get married and loose the imperial status. There is no guarantee of a male birth after Prince Hisahito. This paper gives a historical overview of imperial succession in Japan as background for an analysis of the Advisory Council report and the response of the Japanese people to the succession crisis.
description: Japan 2007: Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, p. 287
title: Die japanische Innenpolitik 2007/2008 und Japans Parteien
Creators: name: Winkler, Christian
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst (FID) Asien
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Japan
subject: Innenpolitik
subject: Parteiensystem
subject: Geschichte 2007-2008
subject: 320

description: Japanese domestic politics and political parties This article covers the development of Japanese politics from the resignation of then Prime Minister Shinzō Abe over the short-lived Fukuda Cabinet until the appointment of the newest cabinet led by Tarō Asō. The conflict between the ruling coalition controlling the Lower House and the Upper House dominated by the opposition parties will be outlined in some detail and will be analyzed from a broader, comparative perspective. After all, deadlocks between the two Houses of Parliament are not a Japan-specific phenomenon, but have in the past also occurred in Western democracies, e.g. in Germany. The remaining subchapters will deal with elections, such as the governor election in Ōsaka which resulted in the birth of the youngest governor in postwar history, scandals, in particular at the Ministry of Defense, and political parties. In this last chapter, a particular focus will be on the LDP’s repeated leadership shuffles and the formation of some new, smaller parties and organizations, such as the Hiranuma Group or the Kaikaku Club.
description: Japan 2008: Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, p. 27
title: Zehn Jahre NPOs in Japan: Diversifizierung des Dritten Sektors durch Recht
Creators: name: Foljanty-Jost, Gesine
name: Aoki, Mai
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst (FID) Asien
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Japan
subject: Zivilgesellschaft
subject: Nonprofit-Organisation
subject: Recht
subject: 320

description: Ten years of NPOs in Japan – Third Sector Diversification by Law 10 years ago, in 1998 the Japanese parliament passed the NPO-law. The law was highly appreciated among the concerned citizens, since it promised an improvement for non-profit organisations in Japan, by offering them legal status. The aim of the article is to analyse the effects that the implementation of the law has had on the structure of the developing Third sector in Japan. After giving an overview of the legal framework within which non-profit organisations had to work until 1998, and the problems which derived from their lack of public acknowledgement, the article proceeds with an introduction of the law from the first enactment in 1998, until the recent reform debate. It becomes clear that the new law creates a new public space for non-profits. However, implementation indicates crucial restrictions for the future development of the Third sector: by comparing the concept of the newly created non-profit organisations with citizen’s associations without any legal status, and semi-professionalized public non-profit corporations, NPOs resources remain scarce. In addition, public support has to be defended against citizen groups without any legal status, which are predominant at the local level, as well as the established non-profit public corporations, which used to be active as interest groups.
description: Japan 2008: Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, p. 43
The Falco cave: a top-ranking place for motivated aspiring dive guides
Creators: name: Gaglioti, Martina
name: S., Guida
name: M., Durante
name: R., Pili
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 50202 Conservation and Biodiversity
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 210202 Heritage and Cultural Conservation
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: This contribution is based on personal archive photographic and video documentation acquired in 2015, during a foundational summer season.Sardinia has long been considered among the most appreciated locations from divers, although the seasonality of tourism and diving activities has a deep influence on the regional socio-economic balance. Some diving operators are deeply affected by this seasonal constraint, even though operating in areas characterized by astonishing biodiversity and geologically outstanding features deserving to be protected and more deeply understood. The Falco Cave is an example of this natural heritage and is located in the B zone of Capo-Caccia-Isola Piana MPA (Sardinia, Central Thyrrhenian Sea).
title: Änderungen im japanischen Innovationssystem und "neue" japanische Innovationspolitik
Creators: name: Cuhls, Kerstin
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst (FID) Asien
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Japan
subject: Technische Innovation
subject: Innovationsförderung
subject: 338

description: Changes in the Japanese Innovation System and »New« Japanese Innovation Policy In a project financed by the German Federal Ministry of Research and Innovation (BMBF) for the German Council of Innovation and Growth, an overview of the Japanese innovation system, innovation policy and indicators relevant for science and technology was elaborated. The following contribution summarizes the analyses which were performed by the author at the Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research, jointly with Iris Wieczorek from GIGA Institute of Asian Studies, Hamburg. We asked which changes have occurred in the Japanese innovation system during the re-organization of the ministries and research organizations since the year 2000 (see ISI/GIGA/STIP 2008). Besides the formulation of a Japanese »innovation policy« to broaden the established research and technology policies since the Koizumi era, we perceived several changes which should establish stable and clear framework conditions for all actors. Through qualitative analysis based on documents and internet searches we identified and described which ministries, organizations and institutions assumed new tasks or will assume them in the future, and how the interaction of the different actors in the innovation system has been newly organized.
description: Japan 2008: Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft, p. 69
Selected Charts from Ag and Food Statistics: Charting the Essentials, February 2020
Creators: name: Kassel, Katherine
name: Morrison, Rosanna Mentzer
name: Kassel, Katherine
name: Morrison, Rosanna Mentzer
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Food Security and Poverty
International Relations/Trade
Labor and Human Capital
Land Economics/Use
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: USDA’s Economic Research Service (ERS) conducts high-quality, objective economic research to inform and enhance public and private decision making on emerging issues in agriculture, food, the environment, and rural America. Ag and Food Statistics: Charting the Essentials covers key food and agricultural indicators and illustrates the scope of ERS’s work through a series of 70 charts and maps. This booklet provides a sample of those maps and charts available on the ERS website at www.ers.usda.gov/essentials. Organized into nine topics, Charting the Essentials anticipates questions, such as how much do agriculture and related industries contribute to the U.S. economy? What economic forces are shaping rural America? What are the top destinations for U.S. agricultural exports? What percent of income do Americans spend on food?