cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Oscillation Compensation in On-The-Fly Laser Processing via Optical Tracking Sensors
Creators: name: Hoppe, Georg
name: Schneider, Jale
name: Nekarda, Jan
name: Preu, Ralf
name: Meyer, Fabian
name: Diehl, Moritz
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2025

description: In today’s industrial solar cell production, laserprocessing is a standard technology and will remain important for future developments, such as silver-free solar cell concepts. High throughput laser processing of more than 10.000 wafers per hour with a high precision of 10 to 100 μm is required. Current laser systems use complex automation and transport systems for accurate positioning. However, these systems are costly, large, and have limited throughput. On-the-fly laser processing, with wafers processed on a conveyor belt, offers a compact and cost-effective high-throughput approach. However, its accuracy is limited by transport imprecision. To achieve both high throughput and accuracy, we propose a novel system concept that uses real-time measurement of speed fluctuations to adjust the beam position in feed-forward control of the laser scanner. An FPGA-based array of optical tracking sensors was developed and used in an on-the-fly demonstrator setup. The sensor’s accuracy is characterized and demonstrated in a one-dimensional oscillation compensation. Structural deviations of the laser markings are reduced from 82.2 to 13.2 μm (1 σ), a six-fold improvement. Thereby, sampling delay limits the control bandwidth. Offline analysis shows that Kalman filtering could compensate for this, and still reduce the estimation uncertainty by 23%. Note to practitioners: We demonstrate a compact and robust laser processing system for solar cells in motion, compatible with high-speed beam delivery. Instead of depending on highprecision transport systems, our approach actively controls the beam position to offset speed fluctuations. A prototype was created using an array of optical tracking sensors that measure the workpiece’s speed on its surface. This setup generates an encoder signal for the laser scanner, which adjusts the laser beam’s position in real time. Advantageous are the high sampling rate of the sensors and low latency, achieved through parallel sampling via an FPGA. This approach could also be adapted for other applications involving high throughput laser processing.
Belt and Road vs. World Bank Aid Frameworks in Africa: Corruption Barriers and Sustainable Development Progress
Creators: name: Ekman, Emma
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2022
Subjects: United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
Urbanization
Africa
Public Policy

description: By running a multiple regression, I test if World Bank as prime donor and levels of corruption between the years of 2013 and 2017 have had any influence on three chosen SDG indicators, population with access to electricity, CO2 emissions and percent of female population employed with wage and salary. Secondly, I test if additional BRI aid or additional World Bank aid produce different outcomes with regards to the chosen SDG indicators. Lastly, I test whether the type of aid framework has had an influence on levels of corruption.
description: The results from the first group of tests did not support the hypothesis that when the World Bank is primary loan provider, we should see improved SDGs results. Instead, the results found that there was only a significant relation in two of the six SDG indicators tested. Of the two relationships, there was a decline in SDG progress when the World Bank was the primary donor. The research question asked, do unconditioned BRI loans and conditioned World Bank loans produce different outcomes with regards to the SDGs? Of the significant relationships found, additional aid from BRI improved SDG indicator results, while additional World Bank aid reduced SDG results. When looking at how corruption is correlated with the achievement of SDGs, in support of my hypothesis, evidence suggests that corruption is negatively correlated with SDG progress. Secondly, the relationship between BRI aid, World Bank aid and corruption that I referenced in my theory was partially supported by the data. The evidence suggests that additional World Bank aid led to reduced levels of corruption, while additional BRI aid increased levels of corruption.
Is All Fair in Love and War? Fairness and Anti-Social Behavior in Love Island
Creators: name: Taylor, Emma
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Reality TV shows
Anti-social behavior
Economics
Television

description: Economics is the study of how people respond to incentives, or the study of decision making. The field provides a framework through which scholars can analyze complex human behaviors and interactive systems. In this Honors Thesis, I apply the paradigms of economics to evaluate decisions made in the complex social system of a reality-dating television show. This show, called Love Island, is notable for its large cast of “Islanders” who must navigate friendship and relationship obstacles all while convincing an audience of millions that they are deserving of the cash prize. They are players in an economic game who compete for £50,000 and a chance at being a minor celebrity. The competition inevitably leads to conflict, because players are cognizant of the fact that there can only be one winning couple. Some contestants make choices that could be perceived as mean, unfair, and anti-social in pursuit of this goal, while others prioritize a positive group dynamic in their strategy. Given the heterogeneous approaches to competition, I wondered if reality-dating shows encourage pro-social or anti-social behavior. More specifically, does anti-social behavior on Love Island reduce a contestant’s probability of winning the show?
description: To answer this question, I surveyed literature in behavioral economics, with particular interest in how individuals value fairness in competitive situations. The scholarly consensus is that individuals do value fairness, and that people are motivated to punish those who violate fairness norms. Following that, I hypothesized that people who engage in anti-social behavior are less likely to win Love Island. I collected data on the frequency of anti-social behavior on four seasons of Love Island, as well as data on the characteristics of contestants, audience voting patterns, and the outcomes of each studied season. For my analysis, I used an econometric technique called Cox Proportional Hazard Regression, which creates models that incorporate both time-based variables and other relevant variables. Using this regression, I found that anti-social behavior does decrease a contestant’s likelihood of winning Love Island. Somewhat surprisingly, I also found that the physical characteristics of a Love Island contestant do not make them more or less likely to win the show. While Love Island is certainly a show that emphasizes superficial physical qualities in its contestants, there is no set of characteristics that make a contestant more likely to win. Finally, I found that audiences displayed a strong distaste for anti-social behavior, while Islanders’ opinions on anti-social behavior were less clear.
A way out of Directly Observed Therapy (DOT): community approaches to self-administered treatment for rifampicin resistant tuberculosis
Creators: name: Mohr, Erika
name: Cox, Helen
name: Wilkinson, Lynne
name: Cutsem, Gilles Van
name: Cox, Vivian
name: Daniels, Johnny
name: Odelia Muller
name: Buci Beko
name: Furin, Jennifer
name: Steele, Sarah Jane
name: Hughes, Jennifer
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) South Africa, in collaboration with Harvard Medical School and the University of Cape Town, assessed the impact of a self-administered treatment (SAT) intervention in a South African township with high rates of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis. They show that structured SAT does not reduce the proportion of patients retained in care.
Balancing the needs versus the health of rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis patients: how do we improve retention in care in a feasible manner?
Creators: name: Mohr, Erika
name: Snyman, Leigh
name: Xoliswa Harmans
name: Daniels, Johnny
name: Bongani Chabalala
name: Cox, Vivian
name: Cox, Helen
name: Steele, Sarah Jane
name: Wilkinson, Lynne
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) and the University of Cape Town researchers discuss how specialized treatment interruption (TI) can reduce loss from treatment in the rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (RR-TB). Analysing data from patients from Khayelitsha, South Africa, the authors noticed that TI is likely to have contributed to significant reduction of loss from treatment (LFT) risk among patients experiencing TI.
Post-conflict disaster bone infection: resistance on the front line
Creators: name: Baghdadi, Yasmine
name: Langendorf, Céline
name: Kanapathipillai, Rupa
name: Malou, Nada
name: Jean-Baptiste  Ronat
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: This poster describes the results obtained in a retrospective study ran as part of a Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) surgical program in Amman, Jordan. Data from patients admitted between 2010 and 2015 were demonstrated a high proportion of multi-drug resistance organisms among patients affected by osteomyelitis.
title: Zur kulturellen Konstruktion von Gender in Uniformierungsprozessen
Creators: name: Mentges, Gabriele
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 300

description: Journal Netzwerk Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung NRW, vol. 2006, no. 20, p. 18
Lessons learned from implementation of an antibiotic stewardship program in Bangui, Central African Republic
Creators: name: Aron, Julien
name: Lemeliner, Rozenn
name: Jean-Baptiste  Ronat
name: Malou, Nada
name: Dauffy, Helene
name: Bichet, Matthew
name: Kanapathipillai, Rupa
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: This poster highlights the main lessons learned from the implementation of the Antibiotic Stewardship Program in Bangui, Central African Republic (CAR). Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) Antibiotic Stewardship efforts were made in collaboration with different department including pharmacy, infection control and hygiene and treating clinicians.
The SCR File Format
Creators: name: Stock, A. Michael
name: Lang, Thomas
name: Sauer, Tomas
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2023
Subjects: wavelets
file format
compression

description: This document describes the specification of the Sparsely Coded Residuals (SCR) file format for storing three-dimensional volume data in a compressed form. More precisely, the format is designed to store representations of reconstructed volumes in three-dimensional computed tomography in a wavelet basis. It is flexible with regards to the choice of wavelets, thresholding techniques, and tiling for large datasets. Based on the netCDF container format, SCR contains the structure of the stored information and in this sense, it is a self-describing format. This manuscript provides a report of the main concepts of SCR, and closes with an overview of possible user-defined extensions.
Evolution and Effectiveness of Starbucks’ Branding Strategy
Creators: name: Montague, Jayme
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Corporate branding
subject: Starbucks Coffee Company
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: For my thesis, I chose to explore the branding strategy of Starbucks and its effectiveness in shaping consumer associations. Often times, there are discrepancies between how the firm and consumers perceive a brand. In the case of Starbucks, a brand that has undergone unprecedented expansion, it is possible that amidst all of the changes, the firm may have lost sight of its founding values and mission. This thesis examines the degree to which Starbucks has upheld its founding ideals.
title: (Trans-)Kulturelle Identitäten: Kultur, Nation und Gender im japanischen Modernisierungsprozess
Creators: name: Mae, Michiko
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 300

description: Journal Netzwerk Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung NRW, vol. 2006, no. 20, p. 27
Snakebite incidence and case fatality rate in Agok, South Sudan: a cross-sectional survey using two sampling methods
Creators: name: Haidar, Mohamad
name: Gignoux, Etienne
name: Newport, Tricia
name: Neira, Luis Francisco
name: Iza Ciglenecki
name: Rusch, Barbara
name: Rumunu, John
name: Porten, Klaudia
name: Alcoba, Gabriel
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: In his presentation, Gabriel Alcoba describes snakebite incidence and case fatality rate in Agok, South Sudan. The objectives of this work were to estimate incidence, mortality, health seeking behaviour and characteristics of different snakes. Using an exhaustive survey in eight randomly selected villages and hospital databases, MSF report the highest documented incidence of snakebites, with a very high mortality in untreated patients from three different data sources, and highlight the urgent need to find a safe and poly-valent antivenom.
A large epidemic of dystonic reactions in central Africa due to falsified diazepam tablets containing haloperidol
Creators: name: Peyraud, Nicolas
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: This presentation looks at a large epidemic of dystonic reactions in Congo due to falsified diazepam tablets containing haloperidol. The outbreak investigation is described and shows the results obtained from a retrospective analysis of 267 patients. Limitations, main points and lesson learned are discussed in these slides.
A nosocomial outbreak of multiresistant ESBL-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae in a neonatal intensive care unit in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, July 2014 – Sept 2015
Creators: name: Rodnie  Delva-Senat
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: There is an emergency obstetric hospital and neonatal care container-based hospital in Port au Prince, Haiti, that in 2015 has over 2,600 neonatal admissions. In July 2014, the hospital saw an unusual increase in neonates with signs and symptoms of sepsis. There was a suspected nosocomial transmission of highly resistant bacteria that resulted in unusually high levels of mortality. These slides describe the epidemiological and microbiological findings and control measures that were put in place over the next 15 months.
Chronotype in Nurses: Fatigue and Patient Safety
Creators: name: Geerling, Lauren E.
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Sleep Studies

description: Chronotype refers to the tendency of an individual to be more alert during particular times of the day, and more fatigued at other times of the day. Chronotype can be broken down into three main categories, including morning, evening, and intermediate types. Based on the sleep patterns, periods of alertness and restfulness, and numerous other lifestyle factors, a particular individual’s chronotype can be established. This information is useful in determining when an individual may feel more fatigued or more alert. For instance, a morning-type person will often feel more alert in the morning, and fatigued at night. If a nurse is attempting to complete a task when they are fatigued, they are more prone to error. In turn, this can lead to safety issues for both the nurse and patient.
description: The ability to determine chronotype is particularly important for shift workers. If a morning-type is assigned to night or rotating shifts, they may feel less well-rested, and work performance can decrease. Despite research regarding chronotype and shift-work performance, numerous health care agencies do not take this information into account when assigning nurses to particular shifts. When a nurse is not assigned to a shift consistent with their perceived chronotype, this can lead to an increased propensity to develop depression or a chronic disease, and an increase in patient safety issues such as medication calculation errors and needlestick injuries. Therefore, it is crucial to determine an individual’s chronotype for all-around safety.
description: To address this issue, a survey was conducted to determine the chronotypes of nurses that were part of a previous study. The goal of the survey was to determine the chronotypes of these participants by utilizing the MEQ. Participants of the survey included 26 nurses: 1 scored as a morning type (3.8%), 12 scored as intermediate types (46.2%), and 13 scored as evening types (50.0%). This information was further utilized to determine if shift assignment was correlated with chronotype. For the one participant that had a perceived morning-type, this individual was assigned to day shift. 8 out of 12 (66.7%) of the perceived intermediate-types were assigned to day shift, with the remainder assigned to night shift (33.3%). Of the 13 participants who had a perceived evening-type, 12 were assigned to night shift (92.3%). Thus, it appears as though the shifts these nurses are assigned to are consistent with their perceived chronotypes. Furthermore, the more swayed towards “eveningness” on the scale a participant was, the higher the total score on the medication calculation test (p = 0.17). Therefore, since most participants have a perceived evening-type chronotype and are assigned to night shift, their overall shift performance is expected to be better than the individuals whose shifts are not correlated with their chronotype.
Over-expression of PGRMC1 enhances triple-negative breast cancer growth
Creators: name: Gallaway, Sierra
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Breast Cancer

description: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) tumors, which lack expression of the classical progesterone and estrogen receptors, as well as the HER2 receptor, have the highest breast cancer mortality rate due to its resistance to conventional therapies and high rates of recurrence and metastasis. The expression of progesterone receptor membrane component 1 (PGRMC1) is commonly elevated in several women’s cancers, particularly TNBC. While such correlative gene expression studies have been informative, they do not clearly demonstrate that changes in the expression of PGRMC1 contribute to the development and/or progression of these cancers. As such, the objective of this study was to evaluate the role of PGRMC1 in the development and progression of TNBC tumors using a mouse xenograft tumor model. Based on previous PGRMC1 studies, the hypothesis is that PGRMC1 facilitates the progression of TNBC tumor growth, producing larger tumors. Here, MDA-MB-231 (MDA) TNBC cells were transfected with empty vector or PGRMC1-3XFlag lentiviral vector constructs to generate cell lines in which PGRMC1 protein is expressed at endogenous levels (PGRMC1-intact) or is over-expressed (PGRMC1-3XFLAG). A previously generated MDA cell line deficient in PGRMC1 by constitutive siRNA (i.e., PGRMC1-deplete) was also included in these studies. Western blotting and immunocytochemistry were used to validate endogenous PGRMC1 or PGRMC1-3XFLAG expression in these cells lines. As expected, the PGRMC1-3XFLAG cells expressed both the endogenous and Flag tagged PGRMC1 proteins.
description: Intraperitoneal TNBC tumors were developed in immunocompromised nude mice by inoculating each mouse with 1 X 107 PGRMC1-intact, PGRMC1-deplete, or PGRMC1-3XFLAG cells (n=10 each). Tumors were harvested, weighed, and evaluated for mitosis and vascular development prior to 10-weeks post-inoculation. PGRMC1- intact and PGRMC1-3XFLAG tumors grew faster and larger than PGRMC1-deplete tumors (p<0.05). Interestingly, we observed more tissue necrosis in PGRMC1-intact tumors than in PGRMC1-3XFLAG tumors, suggesting that PGRMC1-3XFLAG tumors had a growth advantage. To test this, immunohistochemistry was used to assess mitosis and vascular development. As determined by the marker phospho-histone H3, mitosis was significantly elevated in PGRMC1-3XFLAG tumors compared with PGRMC1-intact tumors despite not being different in overall mass (p<0.05). Likewise, vascular development was also higher in PGRMC1-3XFLAG tumors based on immunostaining for the endothelial cell marker CD31 (p=0.001). In summary, this study shows that elevated expression of PGRMC1 in TNBC cells increases xenograft breast tumor growth through increased mitosis and angiogenesis. A key to understanding PGRMC1 mechanism of action will be to begin identifying PGRMC1-interacting proteins. Given the presence of a ligand binding domain, PGRMC1 may useful for pharmacological or gene therapy targeting as a mechanism to treat TNBC.
Transport in Graphene Nanoelectronic Devices - Effects Due to Gold Deposition on the Surface of Graphene.
Creators: name: Vandenham, Joshua
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Graphene is a unique material with extraordinary properties, in both its mechanical structure and strength as well as its superb electronic transport. It has become an important focus of physical and chemical research, and many practical applications that take advantage of its properties have been found as well. Since graphene is a single atomic layer all charge carriers involved in conduction through it are always in contact with the surface. Thus, surface effects are expected to play a very important role in determining the characteristics of a sheet of graphene. In this project, graphene nanoelectronic devices are fabricated, and the effects on their transport properties of depositing minute amounts of gold onto their surfaces are investigated.
A dashboard to support (almost) effortless spatial epidemiology
Creators: name: Idriss Ait-Bouziad
name: Gayton, Ivan
name: Masters, Pete
name: Johnson, Simon
name: Raimbault, Bruno
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Dashboards allow uncomplicated and interactive visualisation of medical datasets coming from different sources. There are currently three dashboards in use: two in Katanga, Democratic Republic of Congo and one in Tonkolili, Sierra Leone. Idriss Ait-Bouziad outlines how the dashboards in use process the data to make them useful and presents the costs and risks for dashboard implementation.
title: „Und grüßen Sie Gerhard Schröder“ – Matchpoint: Merkel
Creators: name: Lucke, Doris
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 300

description: Journal Netzwerk Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung NRW, vol. 2006, no. 20, p. 33
First mass vaccination with single-dose oral cholera vaccine in response to an outbreak in Juba, South Sudan
Creators: name: Parker, Lucy Anne
name: Rumunu, John
name: Jamet, Christine
name: Kenyi, Yona
name: Laku, Richard
name: Lul  Deng
name: Bior K Bior
name: Michael, Michael
name: Wamala, Joseph F
name: Mpairwe, Allan M
name: Fisseha  Tadesse
name: Llosa, Augusto
name: Cohuet, Sandra
name: Marie-Laure  Quilici
name: Sack, David A
name: Iza  Ciglenecki
name: Grandesso, Francesco
name: Luquero, Francisco J
name: Azman, Andrew S
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: This presentation looks at the Oral Cholera Vaccine in South Sudan and aims to evaluate the feasibility, coverage, and vaccine effectiveness of this first ever use of single-dose OCV as an outbreak response.
Image and AIS Data Fusion Technique for Maritime Computer Vision Applications
Creators: name: Gülsoyulu, Emre
name: Koch, Paul
name: Yildiz, Mert
name: Constapel, Manfred
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2023
Subjects: ais
ai
image recognition
dataset

description: Deep learning object detection methods, like YOLOv5, are effective in identifying maritime vessels but often lack detailed information important for practical applications. In this paper, we addressed this problem by developing a technique that fuses Automatic Identification System (AIS) data with vessels detected in images to create datasets. This fusion enriches ship images with vessel-related data, such as type, size, speed, and direction. Our approach associates detected ships to their corresponding AIS messages by estimating distance and azimuth using a homography-based method suitable for both fixed and periodically panning cameras. This technique is useful for creating datasets for waterway traffic management, encounter detection, and surveillance. We introduce a novel dataset comprising of images taken in various weather conditions and their corresponding AIS messages. This dataset offers a stable baseline for refining vessel detection algorithms and trajectory prediction models. To assess our method's performance, we manually annotated a portion of this dataset. The results are showing an overall association accuracy of 74.76 %, with the association accuracy for fixed cameras reaching 85.06 %. This demonstrates the potential of our approach in creating datasets for vessel detection, pose estimation and auto-labelling pipelines.
IIoT-Plattformen als zentrale Datenbasis für die digitale Produktion
Creators: name: Kübler, Patrick
name: Schneider, Mirko
name: Jelschow, Vladimir
name: Peters, Martin
name: Groß, Erwin
name: Schöllhammer, Oliver
name: Bauernhansl, Thomas
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2021
Subjects: Industrial-Internet-of-Things
Digitalisierung
IIoT-Plattformen

description: IIoT-Plattformen: Der Vorteil liegt in der einheitlichen Datenbasis. Wie nutzen Unternehmen eine IIoT-Plattform? Welche Arten von IIoT-Plattformen gibt es? Wie geht man bei der Konzeptentwicklung für eine IIoT-Plattform vor? Welchen Nutzen haben IIoT-Plattformen und welche Rolle werden sie zukünftig in der Produktion spielen?
Time-Efficient Logical Operations on Quantum Low-Density Parity Check Codes
Creators: name: Zhang, Guo
name: Li, Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose schemes capable of measuring an arbitrary set of commutative logical Pauli operators in time independent of the number of operators. The only condition is commutativity, a fundamental requirement for simultaneous measurements in quantum mechanics. Quantum low-density parity check (qLDPC) codes show great promise for realizing fault-tolerant quantum computing. They are particularly significant for early fault-tolerant technologies as they can encode many logical qubits using relatively few physical qubits. By achieving simultaneous measurements of logical operators, our approaches enable fully parallelized quantum computing, thus minimizing computation time. Our schemes are applicable to any qLDPC codes and maintain the low density of parity checks while measuring multiple logical operators simultaneously. These results enhance the feasibility of applying early fault-tolerant technologies to practical problems.
title: Ergebnisse eines EU-Forschungsprojekts zur Situation von Studentinnen in den Ingenieurwissenschaften
Creators: name: Dahmen, Jennifer
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 300

description: Journal Netzwerk Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung NRW, vol. 2006, no. 20, p. 36
Towards Probabilistic Safety Guarantees for Model-Free Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Schmoeller Da Roza, Felippe
name: Roscher, Karsten
name: Günneman, Stephan
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2022
Subjects: reinforcement learning
RL
artificial intelligence
AI
safety
safe AI
constrained Markov decision process
CMDP

description: Improving safety in model-free Reinforcement Learning is necessary if we expect to deploy such systems in safety-critical scenarios. However, most of the existing constrained Reinforcement Learning methods have no formal guarantees for their constraint satisfaction properties. In this paper, we show the theoretical formulation for a safety layer that encapsulates model epistemic uncertainty over a distribution of constraint model approximations and can provide probabilistic guarantees of constraint satisfaction.
Behind the Smile: Mental Health Implications of Mother-Infant Interactions Revealed Through Smile Analysis
Creators: name: Dust, Adi
name: Levitt, Pat
name: Matarić, Maja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mothers of infants have specific demands in fostering emotional bonds with their children, characterized by dynamics that are different from adult-adult interactions, notably requiring heightened maternal emotional regulation. In this study, we analyzed maternal emotional state by modeling maternal emotion regulation reflected in smiles. The dataset comprises N=94 videos of approximately 3 plus or minus 1-minutes, capturing free play interactions between 6 and 12-month-old infants and their mothers. Corresponding demographic details of self-reported maternal mental health provide variables for determining mothers' relations to emotions measured during free play. In this work, we employ diverse methodological approaches to explore the temporal evolution of maternal smiles. Our findings reveal a correlation between the temporal dynamics of mothers' smiles and their emotional state. Furthermore, we identify specific smile features that correlate with maternal emotional state, thereby enabling informed inferences with existing literature on general smile analysis. This study offers insights into emotional labor, defined as the management of one's own emotions for the benefit of others, and emotion regulation entailed in mother-infant interactions.
description: 9 pages, 2 Figures, Affective Computing & Intelligent Interaction Conference 2024
Foster care children's attachment and reactive attachment disorder: A scoping review of the qualitative and quantitative evidence
Creators: name: Simmons, Mackenzie
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Foster care
Reactive attachment disorder
Emotional attachment
Children & Youth

description: Foster care impacts the daily lives of hundreds of thousands of children each year (US Children’s Bureau, 2021). Even though foster care is meant to be positive for children, it is often associated with negative outcomes, including the development of attachment disorders such as reactive attachment disorder. While much research has been done on foster care, attachment, and reactive attachment disorder, few scoping reviews have been conducted to evaluate what the current literature knows thus far and where gaps remain for future research to explore. The purpose of this study was to conduct a scoping review and to evaluate what the literature knows about foster care, reactive attachment disorder, and relational outcomes and any gaps present in the current literature.
description: An inclusion criterion was set and literature from the past ten years, (2011-2021), was evaluated for research related to foster care and reactive attachment disorder based on the scoping review framework of Peters et al., 2015. This scoping review had a sample size of 46 articles after the scoping review framework and inclusion criterion were applied. Based off the scoping review four conceptual themes were found. These themes included early caregiving experiences showing pervasive impacts on attachment later on, being in foster care for extended periods of time exacerbates attachment difficulties, attachment-based interventions work best in alleviating RAD symptoms, and fostering secure attachments with caregivers improves relational outcomes in the future. In addition to these conceptual themes, the scoping review also brought to light gaps and limitations in the literature. These gaps and limitations were demographic data not being provided, small sample sizes, interventions and treatments based off of having consistent caregivers, and failure to evaluate the impacts of reactive attachment disorder across the lifespan.
description: When considering the conceptual themes, gaps, and limitations stated above, this scoping review recommends that future research continue using attachment theory to inform research, treatments, and interventions. Additionally, this scoping reviews recommends addressing the gaps and limitations in the current literature by ensuring future studies include demographic data and larger sample sizes, evaluate treatments and interventions that do not require the presence of a consistent caregiver, and to look at the prevalence of reactive attachment disorder across the lifespan.
Enhancing Datasets For Artificial Intelligence Through Model-Based Methods
Creators: name: Mayer, Dirk
name: Wetzker, Ulf
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2022

description: Industrial plants and processes are now digitized and networked, and AI can be used to evaluate the data generated by those facilities to increase productivity and quality. Some of the most popular machine learning applications are based on smartphone user data or sources from the Internet (social networks, Wikipedia, image databases, etc.) For the latter, very large training datasets are used, e.g., about 45 TB of text data for training the OpenAI GPT-3 [1]. Real industrial applications leverage much smaller data sets. This makes it difficult to train high-performance ML models and consequently to fully leverage the potential added value. The data sets are often incomplet, which leads directly to over-fitted AI models and a lack of generalization. At the same time, measurement campaigns covering all possible variations are not economically feasible.
Additional file 1 of Emergency department visits as a potential opportunity to promote primary care attachment and modify utilization patterns – results of a pilot study in Berlin, Germany
Creators: name: Holzinger, Felix
name: Kümpel, Lisa
name: Resendiz Cantu, Rebecca
name: Alberter, Anja
name: Möckel, Martin
name: Heintze, Christoph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Text of the information leaflet provided in the EMAPREPARE intervention [translation to English language].
An Ethical Matrix for Aligning the Food Production System with Veterinary Ethics
Creators: name: Sutherland, Kathryn
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Food production systems
Ethics
Veterinary Medicine

description: This work focuses on the ethical dilemma facing veterinarians that work in the food production system. In this project, the veterinary oath is contrasted with the standards of animal care within the large-scale farms that these veterinarians work. I argue that veterinarians are being placed in an unfair position by working in an industry that does not uphold the same standards that veterinarians have pledged to uphold by the oath. The aim of this project is not to vilify the food production industry or those who work within it. Instead, it is to evaluate the current standards present in many large-scale farms, and identify where more veterinary input is needed.
title: Ingenieurinnen in Europa. Karrieren und Barrieren
Creators: name: Sagebiel, Felicitas
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 300

description: Journal Netzwerk Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung NRW, vol. 2006, no. 20, p. 42
Effects of Bilingual Learning on Fraction Comprehension in Mathematics
Creators: name: Swalling, Sean
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Bilingual learning
Mathematics Education

description: There is a strong idea in the mathematics world that the processes and structures of logic, analysis, and quantity can extend beyond cultural and linguistic boundaries. This idea is exemplified in the classification and common reference to mathematics as the “universal language.” However, there appear to be mathematical subject matters that require context and connections within a certain spoken language. Therefore, it could be assumed that such topics may cause disruption when in a bilingual setting. Through this paper, a snapshot of this topic was observed. Specifically, the denominator-first nomenclature of fractions in the East, which appears entirely backwards from the Western approach, was considered. In studying this matter, a response-time based assessment was given to native Eastern Asian language speakers and native English speakers. The assessment provided fractions written out in both denominator-first and numerator-first manners and asked the participants to select the correct symbolic representation of the fraction. The response-time from each question was recorded to analyze differences in abilities between the two groups of assessed participants.
Music, Gender, and Sexuality: An Exploration of Intersections
Creators: name: Snedeker, Garrett
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Gender identity
LGBTQ+ composers
Music
Music Composition

description: My research explores how the gender of musical composers impacts their musical compositions, and how music reveals cultural values and structures in Western society. I conducted a feminist analysis of three musical compositions for piano, written by LGBTQ+ composers, and presented my research as a one-hour lecture recital on the WSU campus in Fall 2018. Through my research, I found gender identity to overwhelmingly influence composers’ musical works, and that their music exposes cultural themes in Western society such as patriarchal relationships, the self and the “Other,” and binary constructions.
Factors affecting tree regeneration following a severe wind disturbance in Coastal British Columbia
Creators: name: Low, Dale
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In 2006 a severe wind disturbance damaged many of the forested areas in Stanley Park. Following the windstorm, windthrown areas were salvage logged to reduce the risk of fire. This study looks to determine how basal area, severity of disturbance, and site series affect the regeneration densities of coniferous and deciduous trees. Different types of analysis were used to determine how each of the different factors affects regeneration density. Results from this study show that as basal area increases, regeneration density for coniferous and deciduous trees increases. There is a higher regeneration density in areas of higher disturbance. As moisture and nutrient levels increase both coniferous and deciduous regeneration density increases. There is lots of opportunity for more research in trying to determine which factors most strongly affect regeneration densities.
Effects of Lateral Habenula 2-Arachidonoylglycerol Manipulation on Dorsal Raphe Nucleus Immediate Early Gene Expression
Creators: name: Urrutia-Camargo, Rafael
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Major depressive disorder
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mental Depression

description: It is yet unknown how manipulation of endocannabinoid signaling in the lateral habenula alters coping strategies. Given the strong inhibitory influence of the lateral habenula over dorsal raphe serotonin neurons and the ability of stress to recruit endocannabinoids to increase lateral habenula activity, we hypothesize that stress increases 2-AG in the lateral habenula, thereby leading to a reduction in the activity serotonin neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus. To test this hypothesis, we locally inhibited the synthesis of 2-AG in the lateral habenula in male rats on the final day of a 7-day social defeat stressed paradigm. We then measured the amount of serotonin neuron activation within the dorsal raphe nucleus by co-labeling for tryptophan hydroxylase, which is the enzyme responsible for serotonin synthesis, and the immediate early gene c-fos, which is expressed in recently activated cells. We predicted that inhibition of 2-AG synthesis in the lateral habenula of social defeat stressed rats, will cause an increase in serotonin neuronal activation within the dorsal raphe nucleus, as indicated by a greater density of c-fos protein labeling in these neurons compared to vehicle-treated control rats.
description: Contrary to our hypothesis, we discovered that inhibition of 2-AG synthesis within the lateral habenula dose-dependently decreases activation of dorsal raphe nucleus serotonin neurons under conditions of stress. These results did not support our hypothesis, meaning there has to be a greater influence of 2-AG over excitatory inputs on to lateral habenula neurons under these experimental conditions which might decrease the ability of lateral habenula neurons to dampen serotonin activity under conditions of chronic stress. Altogether, these data indicate that recruitment of endocannabinoid signaling in the lateral habenula may protect against stress-induced reductions in serotonin activity. Future studies will examine whether endocannabinoid signaling predominantly alters excitatory vs. inhibitory inputs on to lateral habenula neurons that project to the dorsal raphe nucleus using a slice electrophysiology approach. Additionally, we can examine whether increasing 2-AG within the lateral habenula exerts antidepressant-like effects in stressed rats by increasing the activity of dorsal raphe serotonin neurons.
Development of Solid State Electrolytes for Next Generation Lithium-Ion Batteries
Creators: name: Mehdi Imanzadeh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Solid State Electrolyte
Lithium Batteries
modern life

description: Lithium-ion batteries have changed the landscape of energy storage and ushered in a new era of clean, efficient and sustainable energy solutions. From powering our smartphones and laptops to fueling the transportation and renewable energy sectors, lithium-ion batteries are essential to modern life. The main goal of the innovative technology is to solve one of the old challenges of the battery industry: The erosion of liquid electrolytes. As research and innovation continue to push the boundaries of battery technology, the future holds exciting opportunities for even more efficient, safer and environmentally friendly energy storage solutions. By harnessing the potential of lithium-ion batteries, we can pave the way to a greener and more electrified future for generations to come. Additionally, this solution can improve battery safety by reducing the risk of thermal runaway – a common concern in older lithium-ion batteries. This development is in line with phenomena such as the global determination for sustainable energy solutions as well as the increasing demand for high-performance batteries.
title: „Wenn es den Zivildienst nicht gäbe, würde es hier noch mal ganz anders aussehen...“: Erste Forschungsergebnisse zu den Beweggründen junger Männer zur Aufnahme eines sonderpädagogischen/rehabilitationswissenschaftlichen Studiums
Creators: name: Tremel, Inken
name: Möller, Sebastian
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 300

description: Journal Netzwerk Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung NRW, vol. 2006, no. 20, p. 50
Finishing of thermally modified wood
Creators: name: Czapiewski, Christopher
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: An exterior wood finish can be an effective way to reduce thermally modified wood’s sensitivity to ultra violet light. But, which finish is the most resistant at preventing premature graying? How do we know that the finish will perform on thermally modified wood the same way as it does on unmodified wood? This study delves into these questions by examining the colour stability of 3 thermally modified, and unmodified, wood species coated with 6 commercially available deck stains subjected to artificial weathering for 1000 hours. A Spectrophotometer was used to measure the colour change of latewood and earlywood in finished and unfinished thermally modified and unmodified wood. Stain #4 outperformed the other 5 stains in terms of its ability to resist lightening and overall colour change of different wood samples. Douglas-fir had the greatest resistance to discolouration and maintained the most uniform colouration of its growth rings. This study also confirms previous findings that thermally modified wood is more colour stable than unmodified wood. While the modified wood samples became lighter after UV exposure, the unmodified wood became darker. The earlywood in thermally modified wood changed colour to a greater extent than latewood, and always became lighter. The latewood in thermally modified wood turned darker on the unstained samples, but turned lighter on the stained samples, and at a faster rate than the earlywood. Therefore, staining a piece of thermally modified wood creates uniformity between the colours of the latewood and earlywood. This study indicates that not all wood species or exterior finishes perform equally and that some finishes are better at resisting discolouration of thermally modified wood products. For that reason, there is merit in performing further studies to find the combination of finish type and thermally modified wood species that is the best at resisting discolouration during weathering.
title: Equal Opportunities in Comparative Perspective – als Beispiel zum Einsatz von Videokonferenzen für Gender Studies
Creators: name: Schultz, Ulrike
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 300

description: Journal Netzwerk Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung NRW, vol. 2006, no. 20, p. 58
Corporate Social Responsibility in the Nuclear Industry: A Case Study of the Hanford Site
Creators: name: Stephan, Emelia
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Nuclear industry
Social responsibility
Nuclear Fuel Waste Disposal

description: This research explores the way businesses operate within the nuclear industry and if these operations can be considered socially responsible. Socially responsible operations would be profitable as well as reach beyond the bare minimum requirements of the law. Socially responsible business operations would take into consideration the environment, public health, and general worker safety amongst several other areas. Theoretically, if a company were operating in a socially responsible manner accidents and issues would be less likely to occur since risk would be reduced.
Falsocaenia paranana
Creators: name: Nascimento, Elynton A. do
name: Bocakova, Milada
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Lycidae
Falsocaenia
Falsocaenia paranana

description: Falsocaenia paranana (Pic, 1922)
 Idiopteron (Falsocaenia) parananum Pic, 1922:24. Falsocaenia paranana (Pic, 1922): Bocakova, 2003: 229.
 Specimen examined. BRAZIL, São Paulo: Caraguatatuba (Res. Flor. – 40m.); 22.v–1.vi.1962; Exp. Dep. Zool. (MZSP).
 Comments. BOCAKOVA et al. (2012) redescribed Falsocaenia paranana, originally described by PIC (1922) from Argentina (Provincia de Misiones). NASCIMENTO & BOCAKOVA (2017) extended the species distribution, registering F. paranana also to Brazil (Southeastern region, São Paulo state, municipality of Jundiaí) and Paraguay (Kanindeyu Department, municipality of Curuguaty). Here we register a new site of occurrence to this species from Brazil, also in São Paulo state, but in the city of Caraguatatuba, localized at Brazilian coast, 160 km away from Jundiaí and about 1.000 km away from Curuguaty and Misiones.
description: Published as part of Nascimento, Elynton A. do & Bocakova, Milada, 2019, A new species of Falsocaenia (Coleoptera: Lycidae) from Brazil, pp. 1-3 in Iheringia, Série Zoologia (e 2019019) (e 2019019) 109 on page 3, DOI: 10.1590/1678-4766e2019019, http://zenodo.org/record/13265742