cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Predicting Big Six Personality from Language in Tweets
Creators: name: Costello, Cory
name: Srivastava, Sanjay
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Quantitative Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This is the registration of model selection before unsealing the holdout data for the project 'Predicting Big Six Personality from Language in Tweets'.
Πεδίο, έξη και αθλητικές πρακτικές:
Creators: name: Μαστρογιαννάκης, Διαμαντής
Publisher: name: δοκιμές, Επιθεώρηση Κοινωνικών Σπουδών // dokimes, Review of Social Studies
Year: 2023

description: δοκιμές, Επιθεώρηση Κοινωνικών Σπουδών // dokimes, Review of Social Studies, No. 25-26 (2022)
title: Continuous monitoring of patient dose in CT department: by setting up a real-time Diagnostic Reference Level and patient Dose Equivalent monitoring system
Creators: name: Edward, Wong
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: CT
subject: PACS
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Quality assurance

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: By continuous monitoring patient dose in CT, both Diagnostic Reference Level (DRL) and Dose Equivalent (DE) report is acquired real-time and shown, clinician can clearly understand the radiation exposure background of respective patient and...
title: Radiation dose reduction in computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging using iterative reconstruction and patient-tailored imaging
Creators: name: Williams, Michelle
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Cardiac
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Arteriosclerosis

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Computed tomography imaging can assess not just the coronary arteries but also the structure, function, perfusion and viability of the myocardium. (Williams et al., 2011) However, radiation dose remains a major health care concern due to the...
The role of binaries in the enrichment of the early Galactic halo. I. r-process-enhanced metal-poor stars
Creators: name: Hansen, T. T.
name: Andersen, J.
name: Nordstrøm, B.
name: Beers, T. C.
name: Yoon, J.
name: Buchhave, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detailed chemical composition of most metal-poor halo stars has been found to be highly uniform, but a minority of stars exhibit dramatic enhancements in their abundances of heavy neutron-capture elements and/or of carbon. The key question for Galactic chemical evolution models is whether these peculiarities reflect the composition of the natal clouds, or if they are due to later mass transfer of processed material from a binary companion. If the former case applies, the observed excess of certain elements was implanted within selected clouds in the early ISM from a production site at interstellar distances. Our aim is to determine the frequency and orbital properties of binaries among these chemically peculiar stars. This information provides the basis for deciding whether mass transfer from a binary companion is necessary and sufficient to explain their unusual compositions. This paper discusses our study of a sample of 17 moderately (r-I) and highly (r-II) r-process-element enhanced VMP and EMP stars. High-resolution, low signal-to-noise spectra of the stars were obtained at roughly monthly intervals over 8 years with the FIES spectrograph at the Nordic Optical Telescope. From these spectra, radial velocities with an accuracy of ~100 m/s were determined by cross-correlation against an optimized template. 14 of the programme stars exhibit no significant RV variation over this period, while 3 are binaries with orbits of typical eccentricity for their periods, resulting in a normal binary frequency of ~18+-6% for the sample. Our results confirm our preliminary conclusion from 2011, based on partial data, that the chemical peculiarity of the r-I and r-II stars is not caused by any putative binary companions. Instead, it was imprinted on the natal molecular clouds of these stars by an external, distant source. Models of the ISM in early galaxies should account for such mechanisms.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
ArsoNISQ: Analyzing Quantum Algorithms on Near-Term Architectures
Creators: name: Brandhofer, Sebastian
name: Devitt, Simon
name: Polian, Ilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While scalable, fully error corrected quantum computing is years or even decades away, there is considerable interest in noisy intermediate-scale quantum computing (NISQ). In this paper, we introduce the ArsoNISQ framework that determines the tolerable error rate of a given quantum algorithm computation, i.e. quantum circuits, and the success probability of the computation given a success criterion and a NISQ computer. ArsoNISQ is based on simulations of quantum circuits subject to errors according to the Pauli error model. ArsoNISQ was evaluated on a set of quantum algorithms that can incur a quantum speedup or are otherwise relevant to NISQ computing. Despite optimistic expectations in recent literature, we did not observe quantum algorithms with intrinsic robustness, i.e. algorithms that tolerate one error on average, in this evaluation. The evaluation demonstrated, however, that the quantum circuit size sets an upper bound for its tolerable error rate and quantified the difference in tolerate error rates for quantum circuits of similar sizes. Thus, the framework can assist quantum algorithm developers in improving their implementation and selecting a suitable NISQ computing platform. Extrapolating the results into the quantum advantage regime suggests that the error rate of larger quantum computers must decrease substantially or active quantum error correction will need to be deployed for most of the evaluated algorithms.
Low-ionization structures in planetary nebulae - I: physical, kinematic and excitation properties
Creators: name: Akras, Stavros
name: Gonçalves, Denise R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Though the small-scale, low-ionization knots, filaments and jets (LISs) of planetary nebulae (PNe) are known for ~30yr, some of their observational properties are not well established. In consequence our ability to include them in the wider context of the formation and evolution of PNe is directly affected. Why most structures have lower densities than the PN shells hosting them? Is their intense emission in low-ionization lines the key to their main excitation mechanism? Therefore, if considered altogether, can LISs line ratios, chemical abundances and kinematics enlighten the interplay between the different excitation and formation processes? Here we present a spectroscopic analysis of five PNe that possess LISs confirming that all nebular components have comparable electron temperatures, whereas the electron density is systematically lower in LISs than in the surrounding nebula. Chemical abundances of LISs versus other PN components do not show significant differences as well. By using diagnostic diagrams from shock models, we demonstrate that LISs' main excitation is due to shocks, whereas the other components are mainly photo-ionized. We also propose new diagnostic diagrams involving a few emission lines ([NII], [OIII], [SII]) and $\rm{log}$(f$_{shocks}$/f$_{\star}$), where f$_{shocks}$ and f$_{\star}$ are the ionization photon fluxes due to the shocks and the central star ionizing continuum, respectively. A robust relation differentiating the structures is found, with the shock-excited clearly having $\rm{log}$(f$_{shocks}$/f$_{\star}$)$>$-1; while the photo-ionized show $\rm{log}$(f$_{shocks}$/f$_{\star}$)$
description: 26 pages, 11 figures, MNRAS accepted
COVID STEROID 2 trial: outline for a secondary post-hoc study assessing heterogeneous treatment effects on the continuous scale
Creators: name: Granholm, Anders
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Infectious Disease
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Critical Care
subject: corticosteroids
subject: COVID-19
subject: dexamethasone
subject: heterogeneous treatment effects
subject: HTE

description: This registration contains an outline describing the statistical analysis plan for this project. The outline has been written by Anders Granholm, Marie Warrer Munch, and Anders Perner, on behalf of the COVID STEROID 2 Trial Management Committee. Protocol version 2022-04-05 included as a PDF below and in "Files".
Geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede bei chronischem Pruritus
Creators: name: Stumpf, Astrid
name: Ständer, Sonja
name: Zeidler, Claudia
name: Schneider, Gudrun
name: Pfleiderer, Bettina
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geschlecht
subject: Depression
subject: Geschlechterdifferenz
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: chronischer Pruritus
subject: zentrale Verarbeitung
subject: Angst
subject: Depression
subject: psychische Einflüsse

description: Chronischer Juckreiz ist mit einer Lebenszeitprävalenz von ca. 23 % ein sehr häufiges Symptom, das durch zahlreiche dermatologische, internistische, neurologische und auch psychische Erkrankungen ausgelöst werden kann. Während bei jüngeren Patientinnen und Patienten eher der entstellende Aspekt der durch Kratzen beschädigten Haut eine Rolle spielt, leiden ältere Patientinnen und Patienten oftmals unter einem schwer zu behandelbaren Juckreiz unterschiedlichster Ursache. Obwohl der chronische Pruritus als Volkssymptom angesehen werden kann, liegen bisher nur sehr wenige Studien zu geschlechtsspezifischen Unterschieden vor. Diese zeigen, dass Frauen und Männer eine unterschiedliche Pruritus- Wahrnehmung haben – Frauen nehmen das Symptom intensiver wahr. Dies führt bei Frauen nicht nur zu einer höheren psychischen Belastung, sondern auch zu einem unterschiedlichen Verhalten – Frauen kratzen vermehrt. Aber auch die Qualitäten des Symptoms sind unterschiedlich, Frauen empfinden beispielsweise vermehrt einen brennenden Juckreiz, was u. a. auf die Aktivierung von schmerzleitenden Nervenfasern (neuropathische Komponente) hindeutet. Dies deutet auf eine unterschiedliche Verarbeitung von Pruritus im Gehirn hin. Die geschlechtsspezifischen Unterschiede hinsichtlich der Juckempfindung sollten dringend weiter untersucht werden, um eine geschlechtsadaptierte Diagnostik und möglicherweise auch Therapie anbieten zu können und somit zur verbesserten Behandlung der Betroffenen beitragen zu können.
Schooling experience of Latino immigrant adolescents in North Carolina: an examination of relationships between peers, teachers, parents and school
Creators: name: Green, Matthew Michael
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2010

description: This study uses the LAMHA project qualitative interview data as a secondary data set to examine twenty adolescent Latino youth's school experiences in North Carolina. The study examines how Latino immigrant youth (a) construct their understanding of self and peer identities and the factors contributing to this construction, (b) describe teacher-student relationships together with the factors that mediate whether students have positive or negative teacher-student relationships, and (c) how immigrant youths' parents experience the relationship and involvement with their child's school, parental beliefs about education and factors that enable or inhibit engagement with their child's education. Findings indicate that race, ethnicity and cultural distinctions are leading factors in construction of self and peer identification. Relations between students and teachers are heavily mediated by teacher adaptation to students' differences. Parental engagement is largely a product of financial and language resources made available to them for enabling their involvement.
Unveiling $δ$ Scuti and $γ$ Doradus Hybrid Pulsation of HD 53166 and HD 53349 Plus Rich Frequencies in HD 52788 -- Catalogs of 70552 $δ$ Sct and 8080 $γ$ Dor
Creators: name: Zhou, A. -Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present discoveries of the hybrid $δ$ Scuti and $γ$ Doradus types stellar pulsational variability of two stars, HD 53166 and HD 53349, which were previously used as comparison in the differential photometry of a known $δ$ Scuti star HD 52788. More surprisingly, HD 52788 exhibits 126 pulsation frequencies in a small domain in 4--12 c/d based on 24 sectors light curves of TESS. We compared the three stars with up-to-date class members collected from existing catalogs in multiple Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams for checking group property. Two comprehensive catalogs of 70552 $δ$ Sct and 8080 $γ$ Dor stars have been cross-identified with the TESS Input Catalog (TIC) and Gaia DR3. The catalogs include multiple stellar parameters extracted from both Gaia DR3 and TIC v8.2. The rich pulsation contents turn HD 52788 into a rare distinctive object in its class for testing current stellar evolution and pulsation models.
description: To appear in New Astronomy. 22 pages, 10 figures, 6 tables, 2 catalogs
Simulations of the bichromatic force in multilevel systems
Creators: name: Aldridge, L.
name: Galica, S. E.
name: Eyler, E. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent optical bichromatic forces have been shown to be effective tools for rapidly slowing and cooling simple atomic systems. While previous estimates suggest that these forces may also be effective for rapidly decelerating molecules or complex atoms, a quantitative treatment for multilevel systems has been lacking. We describe detailed numerical modeling of bichromatic forces by direct numerical solution for the time-dependent density matrix in the rotating-wave approximation. We describe both the general phenomenology of an arbitrary few-level system and the specific requirements for slowing and cooling on a many-level transition in calcium monofluoride (CaF), one of the molecules of greatest current experimental interest. We show that it should be possible to decelerate a cryogenic buffer-gas-cooled beam of CaF nearly to rest without a repumping laser and within a longitudinal distance of about 1 cm. We also compare a full 16-level simulation for the CaF B$\leftrightarrow$X system with a simplified numerical model and with a semiquantitative estimate based on 2-level systems. The simplified model performs nearly as well as the complete version, whereas the 2-level model is useful for making order-of-magnitude estimates, but nothing more.
TA'LIM TIZIMI MARKETING VA MOHIYATI
Creators: name: Mannonov, Yusup
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Bozor iqtisodiyoti sharoyitida marketing faoliyati barcha sohalarga keng kirib keldi. Ayniqsa Ta’lim tizimi marketing bugungi kunda iqtisodiyotni rivojlanishiga katta xissa qo‘shmoqda. Maqolada marketing tushunchasi,rivojlanish tarixi, amalliyotda qollanishi, fan sifatida sakllanishiga asos solgan mutaxassis-olimlar, Ta’lim tizimi marketing funksiyalari va tamoyillari haqidagi fikrlar yoritilgan.
Caustics in the sine-Gordon model from quenches in coupled 1D Bose gases
Creators: name: Agarwal, Aman
name: Kulkarni, Manas
name: O'Dell, D. H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Caustics are singularities that occur naturally in optical, hydrodynamic and quantum waves, giving rise to high amplitude patterns that can be described using catastrophe theory. In this paper we study caustics in a statistical field theory setting in the form of the sine-Gordon model that describes a variety of physical systems including coupled 1D superfluids. Specifically, we use classical field simulations to study the dynamics of two ultracold 1D Bose gases (quasi-condensates) that are suddenly coupled to each other and find that the resulting non-equilibrium dynamics are dominated by caustics. Thermal noise is included by sampling the initial states from a Boltzmann distribution for phononic excitations. We find that caustics pile up over time in both the number and phase difference observables leading to a characteristic non-thermal `circus tent' shaped probability distribution at long times.
description: 30 pages, 15 figures. In this second version we have added a figure (Fig. 15) giving the probability distribution at long times after a quench for the phase difference variable
INFORMAL CAREGIVER: BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS PROTOCOL
Creators: name: Diz, Ana
name: Ferreira, Bruno
name: Silva, Paulo
name: de Sousa, Luís
name: Fonseca, César
name: Lopes, Manuel
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: #Caregiver
subject: #Caregiver, Family
subject: # Health Care
subject: # Informal Caregiver
subject: # Nursing

description: The objective of this bibliometric analysis will be to discriminate the tendency of the scientific evidence produced, in the different scientific disciplines, on the evolution of the concept of informal caregiver/family caregiver. This protocol lists all the methodological steps that will be addressed in conducting the bibliometric analysis of published studies referring to the informal caregiver concept, raising the following research question: What is the evolution of the informal caregiver/family caregiver concept over time in the scope of health science and related? With the elaboration of this research, it becomes pertinent to recognize the most influential researchers involved, as well as the pattern of publications and their respective behavior over time.
Evaluation of In-service Sensitization Program (V.I.) for Elementary School Teachers
Creators: name: Dhal, Pravat
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Special education and disability

description: Tackling the children with visual impairment in classroom is a challenging work. It needs some sorts of training. The researcher has evaluated in-service training programme imparted through ‘Antardrishti’ module to elementary school teachers. Through this modular training they were sensitized towards children with visual impairment. A total of 300 teachers were selected from five sample districts of Bihar, who had undergone the ‘Antardrishti’ modular training. In this research paper the researcher has tried to evaluate the in-service training by using a tool developed by NCERT for evaluation of the transactions of in?service training of teachers of primary and upper Primary Schools
Numerical evidence for universality in the relaxation dynamics of near-extremal Kerr-Newman black holes
Creators: name: Hod, Shahar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupled gravitational-electromagnetic quasinormal resonances of charged rotating Kerr-Newman black holes are explored. In particular, using the recently published numerical data of Dias, Godazgar, and Santos [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 151101 (2015)], we show that the characteristic relaxation times $τ\equiv 1/\Imω_0$ of near-extremal Kerr-Newman black holes in the regime $Q/r_+\leq 0.9$ are described, to a very good degree of accuracy, by the simple universal relation $τ\times T_{\text{BH}}=π^{-1}$ (here $Q, r_+$, and $T_{\text{BH}}$ are respectively the electric charge, horizon radius, and temperature of the Kerr-Newman black hole, and $ω_0$ is the fundamental quasinormal resonance of the perturbed black-hole spacetime).
description: 4 pages
Mental health disparities among biomedical trainees during COVID-19 and racial inequity
Creators: name: Layton, Rebekah
name: Schad, Allison
name: Ragland, Debra
name: Cook, Jeanette
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Education
subject: Higher Education
subject: Medical Education
subject: Graduate Education
subject: MD
subject: Mental health
subject: PhD
subject: Student
subject: Training
subject: Wellness

description: The increasing visibility of mental health challenges for academic and graduate trainee populations has led to discussion of the role higher education institutions could play to address trainee mental health, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic and ongoing racial injustice. To address the growing concern about training impacts on medical and biomedical doctoral trainee mental health, a cross-sectional study (n=957) was conducted using institutional annual survey data analyzed by type of training program, race/ethnicity, and survey year on measures of depression, anxiety, hazardous alcohol use, problems related to substance use, and suicidal ideation. Results indicated significant differences for rates of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation, with biomedical doctoral trainees showing greater incidence than medical doctoral trainees, and underrepresented minority trainees (e.g., Black, Indigenous and people of color) showing greater incidence than well-represented trainees. The concerningly high rates of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation among these trainee populations suggest that medical and biomedical doctoral training environments negatively impact trainee mental health, necessitating environmental transformation and expansion of mental health support resources.
title: Extent of myocardial scar detected by late Gadolinium enhancement-cardiac magnetic resonance (LGE-CMR) as a predictor of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in HCM patients
Creators: name: Bertugno, Serena
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Contrast agents
subject: MR
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common disease, with a prevalence in the general population of 1:500, and clinically diagnosed by the presence of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy without a specific cause [1] and characterized by extreme...
Learning Assistant Supported Student Outcomes (LASSO) study initial findings
Creators: name: Van Dusen, Ben
name: Langdon, Laurie
name: Otero, Valerie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study investigates how faculty, student, and course features are linked to student outcomes in Learning Assistant (LA) supported courses. Over 4,500 students and 17 instructors from 13 LA Alliance member institutions participated in the study. Each participating student completed an online concept inventory at the start (pre) and end (post) of their term. The physics concept inventories included Force and Motion Concept Evaluation (FMCE) and the Brief Electricity and Magnetism Assessment (BEMA). Concepts inventories from the fields of biology and chemistry were also included. Our analyses utilize hierarchical linear models that nest student level data (e.g. pre/post scores and gender) within course level data (e.g. discipline and course enrollment) to build models that examine student outcomes across institutions and disciplines. We report findings on the connections between students' outcomes and their gender, race, and time spent working with LAs as well as instructors' experiences with LAs.
description: 4 pages (2 tables)
Entrepreneurial Strategies of Growing a Small Business Health Club
Creators: name: Fleishman, Hannah
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: Sports administration

description: The following work analyzes entrepreneurial strategies of opening and growing a financially successful small business health club in the Research Triangle Park area. Questions were answered regarding business planning, business model, promotions and daily practices to examine if there is a superior method to ensure financial success in the fitness industry. An online survey was used to gather information from 43 small business health clubs. Answered by only the owners, managers and assistant managers, chi-square analyses demonstrate no pattern for success pertaining to formal business plans, nor best business models. However the open ended questions pertaining to the health clubs' biggest challenges and strategies to differentiate themselves in the market place show recurring themes of entrepreneurial strategies for growing a successful health club and business.
title: Myocardial scar extension detected by late Gadolinium enhancement-cardiovascular magnetic resonance (LGE-CMR) for arrhythmic risk stratification of HCM patients
Creators: name: Bertugno, Serena
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Contrast agents
subject: MR
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) has been largely regarded to be associated with disability and death in patients of all ages, and annual mortality rates is as high as 3% to 6%. [1] Sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young people is the most devastating...
The 2016-Income Tax Reforms of Ethiopia: Drivers, Major Legislative Changes, and Constraints
Creators: name: Silesh, Gizachew
name: Yemata, Belete Addis
name: Beza, Misganaw Gashaw
name: Akalu, Mulugeta
name: Asegid, Zerihun
Publisher: name: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Year: 2023

description: This article investigated Ethiopia’s 2016 income tax reform in terms of its drivers, actors involved in the process, major legislative changes and constraints that may impede its intended goals. It employed a qualitative research methodology, by which it gathered relevant data from key informant interviews, and document review. Legal analysis and description of issues are used as methods of analysis and discussion of the findings. The article identified the drivers of the reforms as addressing changes in the economy, enhancing revenue mobilization, improving efficiency and equity, and addressing gaps in previous income tax legislations. In the reform process, the Ministry of Finance had the upper hand position, though; practically the International Monetary Fund had a significant stump in the course of the process. However, the participation of other key national actors, including the Ministry of Revenues and the Ethiopian Chamber of Commerce was minimal. The reform has introduced major legislative changes, including the introduction of Schedule ‘E’ and new tax bases; taxation of residual income; and consolidation of tax administration laws. The article also discussed constraints that may impede the goals of the reforms, including the absence of impact assessment of the 2016 reforms; inflation; poor tax administration; lack of meaningful stakeholder participation; and low tax-to-GDP ratio. Finally, suggestions are made for undertaking impact assessment of the 2016 income tax reforms; redesigning the income tax system to be responsive to inflation; modernizing the tax administration; and enhancing meaningful stakeholders’ participation.
description: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law, Vol 13 No 1 (2022): Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
A Courant nodal domain theorem for linearized mean field type equations
Creators: name: Bartolucci, Daniele
name: Jevnikar, Aleks
name: Wu, Ruijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B45, 35J60, 35J99

description: We are concerned with the analysis of a mean field type equation and its linearization, which is a nonlocal operator, for which we estimate the number of nodal domains for the radial eigenfunctions and the related uniqueness properties.
description: 18 pages
title: Digital tomosynthesis in diagnosis of occult hip fractures
Creators: name: Geijer, Mats
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Trauma
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: Observer performance
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Trauma

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Tomosynthesis for evaluation of suspect occult hip fracture has previosly been evaluated in a master thesis from our institution [1]. The purpose of the current study was to retrospectively further explore the possible clinical utility of digital...
Period and Cohort Effects in English-Language Fiction, 1890-1989
Creators: name: Underwood, William
name: Kiley, Kevin
name: Shang, Wenyi
name: Vaisey, Stephen
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: cultural analytics
subject: cultural evolution
subject: distant reading

description: Preregistering assumptions and hypotheses for an experiment on a topic model of English-language fiction.
Observation of anisotropic interlayer Raman modes in few-layer ReS2
Creators: name: Nagler, Philipp
name: Plechinger, Gerd
name: Schüller, Christian
name: Korn, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ReS$_2$ has recently emerged as a new member in the rapidly growing family of two-dimensional materials. Unlike MoS$_2$ or WSe$_2$, the optical and electrical properties of ReS$_2$ are not isotropic due to the reduced symmetry of the crystal. Here, we present layer-dependent Raman measurements of ReS$_2$ samples ranging from monolayers to ten layers in the ultralow frequency regime. We observe layer breathing and shear modes which allow for easy assignment of the number of layers. Polarization-dependent measurements give further insight into the crystal structure and reveal an energetic shift of the shear mode which stems from the in-plane anisotropy of the shear modulus in this material.
The Distribution of Metallicities in the Local Galactic Interstellar Medium
Creators: name: Ritchey, Adam M.
name: Jenkins, Edward B.
name: Shull, J. Michael
name: Savage, Blair D.
name: Federman, S. R.
name: Lambert, David L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this investigation, we present an analysis of the metallicity distribution that pertains to neutral gas in the local Galactic interstellar medium (ISM). We derive relative ISM metallicities for a sample of 84 sight lines probing diffuse atomic and molecular gas within 4 kpc of the Sun. Our analysis is based, in large part, on column density measurements reported in the literature for 22 different elements that are commonly studied in interstellar clouds. We supplement the literature data with new column density determinations for certain key elements and for several individual sight lines important to our analysis. Our methodology involves comparing the relative gas-phase abundances of many different elements for a given sight line to simultaneously determine the strength of dust depletion in that direction and the overall metallicity offset. We find that many sight lines probe multiple distinct gas regions with different depletion properties, which complicates the metallicity analysis. Nevertheless, our results provide clear evidence that the dispersion in the metallicities of neutral interstellar clouds in the solar neighborhood is small ($\sim$0.10 dex) and only slightly larger than the typical measurement uncertainties. We find no evidence for the existence of very low metallicity gas (as has recently been reported by De Cia et al.) along any of the 84 sight lines in our sample. Our results are consistent with a local Galactic ISM that is well mixed and chemically homogeneous.
description: 34 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
title: Accuracy of students, and radiographers, with and without, mammography post-graduation in interpretation of mammography images
Creators: name: Cópio, Rita
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Professional issues
subject: Mammography
subject: Observer performance
subject: Perception image

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of last year students of the Radiography Course and radiographers (with and without, mammography post-graduation) in the interpretation of mammography...
Ecospirituality in Singapore
Creators: name: Billet, Matthew
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This study will investigate Singaporean’s beliefs about nature across multiple religious backgrounds. Recent research has investigated the spiritual beliefs about nature of Americans (who are largely Christian or nonreligious), finding that such beliefs are associated with moral concern for the environment. This study will assess the relationship between religion and spiritual beliefs about nature, and the relationship between spiritual beliefs about nature and moral concern for nature. This sample will also be compared with previously collected responses from Americans to assess the measurement invariance of the Ecospirituality Scale across these two cultural contexts. This sample is also being recruited to complete additional measures that are designed to test additional, unrelated hypotheses. Analyses that pertain to these unrelated hypotheses will not be included in this preregistration; however, all measures included in the survey will be described and presented in the Appendix.
title: Can a Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound Nephrostogram be used instead of a Fluoroscopic Nephrostogram: Preliminary Findings
Creators: name: Daneshi, Mohammad
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Kidney
subject: Contrast agents
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Calcifications / Calculi
subject: Drugs / Reactions

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Percutaneous fluoroscopic nephrostomy (PCN) insertion is the standard of management for an obstructed kidney. Fluoroscopic nephrostogram with iodinated contrast medium has long been established for imaging of the renal tract following nephrostomy...
Radiative Acceleration of Dense Circumstellar Material in Interacting Supernovae
Creators: name: Tsuna, Daichi
name: Murase, Kohta
name: Moriya, Takashi J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Early-time light curves/spectra of some hydrogen-rich supernovae (SNe) give firm evidence on the existence of confined, dense circumstellar matter (CSM) surrounding dying massive stars. We numerically and analytically study radiative acceleration of CSM in such systems, where the radiation is mainly powered by the interaction between the SN ejecta and the CSM. We find that the acceleration of the unshocked dense CSM ahead of the shock is larger for massive and compact CSM, with velocities reaching up to $\sim 10^3\ {\rm km\ s^{-1}}$ for a CSM of order $0.1\ M_\odot$ confined within $\sim 10^{15}$ cm. We show that the dependence of the acceleration on the CSM density helps us explain the diversity of the CSM velocity inferred from the early spectra of some Type II SNe. For explosions in even denser CSM, radiative acceleration can affect the dissipation of strong collisionless shocks formed after the shock breakout, which would affect early non-thermal emission expected from particle acceleration.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures. Accepted to ApJ after minor revision
Direct evidences for inner-shell electron-excitation by laser induced electron recollision
Creators: name: Deng, Yunpei
name: Zeng, Zhinan
name: Jia, Zhengmao
name: Komm, Pavel
name: Zheng, Yinhui
name: Ge, Xiaochun
name: Li, Ruxin
name: Marcus, Gilad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extreme ultraviolet (XUV) attosecond pulses, generated by a process known as laser-induced electron recollision, are a key ingredient for attosecond metrology, providing a tool to precisely initiate and probe sub-femtosecond dynamics in the microcosms of atoms, molecules and solids[1]. However, with the current technology, extending attosecond metrology to scrutinize the dynamics of the inner-shell electrons is a challenge, that is because of the lower efficiency in generating the required soft x-ray \hbarω>300 eV attosecond bursts and the lower absorption cross-sections in this spectral range. A way around this problem is to use the recolliding electron to directly initiate the desired inner-shell process, instead of using the currently low flux x-ray attosecond sources.Such an excitation process occurs in a sub-femtosecond timescale, and may provide the necessary "pump" step in a pump-probe experiment[2]. Here we used a few cycle infrared λ_{0}~1800nm source[3] and observed direct evidences for inner-shell excitations through the laser-induced electron recollision process. It is the first step toward time-resolved core-hole studies in the keV energy range with sub-femtosecond time resolution.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
From particle systems to the BGK equation
Creators: name: Buttà, Paolo
name: Pulvirenti, Mario
name: Simonella, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82C40 (Primary) 60J75, 82C22 (Secondary)

description: In [Phys. Rev. 94 (1954), 511-525], P.L. Bhatnagar, E.P. Gross and M. Krook introduced a kinetic equation (the BGK equation), effective in physical situations where the Knudsen number is small compared to the scales where Boltzmann's equation can be applied, but not enough for using hydrodynamic equations. In this paper, we consider the stochastic particle system (inhomogeneous Kac model) underlying Bird's direct simulation Monte Carlo method (DSMC), with tuning of the scaled variables yielding kinetic and/or hydrodynamic descriptions. Although the BGK equation cannot be obtained from pure scaling, it does follow from a simple modification of the dynamics. This is proposed as a mathematical interpretation of some arguments in [Phys. Rev. 94 (1954), 511-525], complementing previous results in [Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 240 (2021), 785-808] and [Kinet. Relat. Models 16 (2023), 269-293].
description: 10 pages
Sleeping with the enemy: winning coalitions against within-group power transitions and unstable civil war settlements
Creators: name: Chang, Kiyoung
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: In many civil wars, each warring side often consists of multiple internal groups. In such a case, a leader's political survival may be threatened not only by fighting with the enemy but also by power competition among in-groups. Within-group power transitions refer to a situation in which a dominant group is overtaken by a challenger group on the same warring side. In this paper, I argue that the risk of within-group power transitions creates an incentive to negotiate peace with an enemy side. Assuming recruiting enough supporters is the sine qua non of a dominant group's status, attracting extra supporters would provide insurance against internal power transitions. Given the internal power competition, negotiated settlements help a dominant leader save more resources to recruit additional supporters by minimizing the uncertainty from fighting with an enemy. Thus, negotiated settlements are beneficial to control internal rivals. A leader's consideration for such a strategic settlement, however, inevitably entails the risk of the conflict recurring.
Whole-brain structural and functional neuroimaging of people who attempted suicide and people who did not: a coordinate-based meta-analysis
Creators: name: Meda, Nicola
name: Miola, Alessandro
name: Sambataro, Fabio
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: This meta-analysis aims to summarize the findings regarding structural or functional neuroimaging correlates of attempted suicide across different mental health conditions. That is, we aim to evince if there are shared structural or functional alterations in people who attempted suicide independently of their primary mental health condition(s).
The Need to Revisit Ability-to-Pay Principle in the Ethiopian Employment Income Tax System
Creators: name: Silesh, Gizachew
name: Tekalign, Endryas
name: Wondwossen, Fasil
Publisher: name: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Year: 2023

description: The application of the ability-to-pay principle in a given country supports the realization of a fair tax system and the protection of the basic rights of taxpayers. However, the application of the principle remains unclear in the Ethiopian employment income tax system. This article, through qualitative, comparative, and doctrinal research tools, tried to assess the application of the ability-to-pay principle under the income tax legal regime and its role in contributing to poverty reduction efforts in Ethiopia and to the protection of human rights. The result reveals that the Ethiopian employment income tax structure neglects the personal and family status of the taxpayer, the number of dependents and disability, thereby causing employees to pay the highest price as a result of the ever-increasing cost of living. This raises the need to reconsider the tax policy and amendment of the income tax laws in such a way it ensures tax payment based on the ability-to-pay and assist employees fulfil their basic needs.
description: Bahir Dar University Journal of Law, Vol 13 No 1 (2022): Bahir Dar University Journal of Law
Die Bedeutung des Geschlechts im evangelischen Pfarramt
Creators: name: Sammet, Kornelia
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Christentum
subject: Geschlechterkonstruktion
subject: Karriere
subject: Geschlechterdifferenz
subject: Gleichberechtigung
subject: 284 Protestanten Kontinentaleuropäischen Ursprungs
subject: Pfarrerinnen
subject: berufliche Leitbilder
subject: evangelisches Pfarramt
subject: Deutungsmuster

description: In den 1970er Jahren wurde im deutschen Protestantismus der Pfarrberuf für Frauen geöffnet. Der Beitrag rekonstruiert den Prozess der Gleichstellung von Pfarrerinnen und untersucht, wie Pfarrerinnen sich das männlich konnotierte Pfarramt angeeignet haben und wie dabei auf das Geschlecht rekurriert wurde. Es werden Deutungsmuster herausgearbeitet, die sowohl die Wahrnehmung von Pfarrerinnen durch Theologen und Kirchenleitungen als auch ihre Selbstdarstellung im Hinblick auf ihre Kompetenzen und berufl ichen Stile bestimmen. Gezeigt wird, dass im Prozess der Integration von Frauen ins Pfarramt traditionelle Konstruktionen der Geschlechterdifferenz aufgegriffen, reproduziert und umgeschrieben werden.
Topological Node-Line Semimetal in Compressed Black Phosphorus
Creators: name: Zhao, Jianzhou
name: Yu, Rui
name: Weng, Hongming
name: Fang, Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on first-principles calculations and tight-binding model analysis, we propose that black phosphorus (BP) can host a three-dimensional topological node-line semimetal state under pressure when spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is ignored. A closed topological node line exists in the first Brillouin zone (BZ) near the Fermi energy, which is protected by the coexistence of time-reversal and spatial inversion symmetry with band inversion driven by pressure. Drumhead-like surface states have been obtained on the beard (100) surface. Due to the weak intrinsic SOC of phosphorus atom, a band gap less than 10 meV is opened along the node line in the presence of SOC and the surface states are almost unaffected by SOC.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Guild-level microbiome signature associated with COVID-19 severity and prognosis
Creators: name: 张晨虹(Chenhong Zhang)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Metagenome
Other
feces
Medical

description: COVID-19 severity has been associated with alterations of the gut microbiota. However, the relationship between gut microbiome alterations and COVID-19 prognosis remains elusive. Here, we performed a genome-resolved metagenomic analysis on fecal samples collected from 300 in-hospital COVID-19 patients at time of admission. Among the 2,568 high quality metagenome-assembled genomes (HQMAGs), Redundancy Analysis identified 33 HQMAGs which showed differential distribution among mild, moderate, and severe/critical severity groups. Co-abundance network analysis found that the 33 HQMAGs were organized as two competing guilds. Guild 1 harbored more genes for short-chain fatty acid biosynthesis, and fewer genes for virulence and antibiotic resistance, compared with Guild 2. Based on average abundance difference between the two guilds, the Guild-level microbiome index (GMI) classified patients from different severity groups (average AUCROC = 0.83). Moreover, age adjusted partial spearman correlation showed that GMI at admission were related with 8 clinical parameters, which are predictors for COVID-19 prognosis, at Day 7 in hospital. In addition, GMI at admission was associated with death/discharge outcome of the critical patients. We further validated that GMI was be able to classify patients with different COVID-19 symptom severity in different geographies and differentiated COVID-19 patients from healthy subjects and pneumonia controls in four independent datasets. Thus, this genome-based guild-level signature may facilitate early identification of hospitalized COVID-19 patients with high risk of more severe outcomes at time of admission.
title: Feasibility of a volumetric measurement of the left liver lobe with 3D ultrasound compared with MRI
Creators: name: Danse, Etienne
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Transplantation

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: ...