Euparkerella robusta
Creators: name: Hepp, Fábio
name: De Carvalho-E-Silva, Sergio P.
name: Telles De Carvalho-E-Silva, Ana M. P.
name: Folly, Manuella
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Strabomantidae
Euparkerella
Euparkerella robusta

description: Euparkerella robusta
Advertisement call (figure 9). Seventeen calls from four individuals were analyzed in detail. The advertisement call consists of a single note comprising 5–8 long pulses (x = 5.8 ± 0.8; Mo = 6.0; N = 17) repeated periodically (Fig. 9 A, B). In all pulses, the attack is approximately of the same length as the decay. Pulse amplitudes are similar throughout the call; however, a second peak of amplitude occurs at the end of a pulse (Fig. 9 C). In some calls, the amplitude and frequency are periodically modulated at the end of the pulses (Fig. 9 D, E vs. no final modulation in Fig. 9 A, B). In modulated calls, the first pulse usually has the strongest upward sweep in frequency modulation, reaching the initial band before a second downward phase. Call Duration ranges from 1.290– 2.224 s (x = 1.659 ± 0.237; N = 17). There are as many as eight visible harmonics in the call. The Dominant Frequency corresponds to the fundamental one and ranges from 2906.2–3187.5 Hz (x = 3033.1 ± 95.3; Mo = 3000.0; N = 17). The Pulse Periods decrease slightly throughout the call, and range from 0.261– 0.498 s (x = 0.367 ± 0.065; N = 17) for the first period and 0.289– 0.355 s (x = 0.310 ± 0.019; Mo = 0.289; N = 17) for the last period. The Pulse Rate ranges from 3.0–3.9 pulses per second (x = 3.5 ± 0.2; N = 17). The Pulse Durations are long, ranging from 0.043– 0.116 s (x = 0.077 ± 0.011; Mo = 0.073; N = 99). There is no cryptic pulse.
Comparisons with the other species. Acoustically, Euparkerella robusta differs from E. brasiliensis and E. cochranae by having fewer pulses (5–8 in E. robusta vs. 9–20 in E. brasiliensis and E. cochranae); longer Pulse Durations (43–116 ms in E. robusta vs. 2–10 ms in E. brasiliensis and E. cochranae); longer Call Duration (1.3– 2.2 s in E. robusta vs. 0.4–0.6 in E. brasiliensis and E. cochranae); and slower Pulse Rate (3–4 pulses/s in E. robusta vs. 16–45 pulses/s in E. brasiliensis and E. cochranae). It differs from E. cryptica in having a shorter call duration (1.3– 2.2 s in E. robusta vs. 3.4– 6.2 s in E. cryptica); absence of pulse clusters (vs. presence in E. cryptica); longer pulses (43–116 ms in E. robusta vs. 3–11 ms in E. cryptica); and faster repetition rate (3.0–3.9 pulses/s in E. robusta vs. 1.2–1.9 pulse sections/s in E. cryptica). It differs from E. tridactyla by presenting fewer pulses (5–8 in E. robusta vs. 27–34 in E. tridactyla); longer Pulse Durations (43–116 ms in E. robusta vs. 1–10 ms in E. tridactyla); and slower pulse rate (3 or 4 pulses/s in E. robusta vs. 19–23 pulses/s in E. tridactyla).
description: Published as part of Hepp, Fábio, De Carvalho-E-Silva, Sergio P., Telles De Carvalho-E-Silva, Ana M. P. & Folly, Manuella, 2015, A fifth species of the genus Euparkerella (Griffths, 1959), the advertisement calls of E. robusta Izecksohn, 1988 and E. tridactyla Izecksohn, 1988, and a key for the Euparkerella species (Anura: Brachycephaloidea: Craugastoridae), pp. 251-270 in Zootaxa 3973 (2) on pages 264-265, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3973.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/233152